cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Presurgical video-EEG monitoring with foramen ovale and epidural peg electrodes: a 25-year perspective
Creators: name: Miron, Gadi
name: Dehnicke, Christoph
name: Meencke, Heinz-Joachim
name: Onken, Julia
name: Holtkamp, Martin
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Epilepsy surgery
subject: Foramen ovale
subject: Epidural peg electrodes
subject: Lateralization
subject: Postsurgical outcome
subject: Seizure onset zone
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Background: Epilepsy surgery cases are becoming more complex and increasingly require invasive video-EEG monitoring (VEM) with intracranial subdural or intracerebral electrodes, exposing patients to substantial risks. We assessed the utility and safety of using foramen ovale (FO) and epidural peg electrodes (FOP) as a next step diagnostic approach following scalp VEM. Methods: We analyzed clinical, electrophysiological, and imaging characteristics of 180 consecutive patients that underwent FOP VEM between 1996 and 2021. Multivariate logistic regression was used to assess predictors of clinical and electrophysiological outcomes. Results: FOP VEM allowed for immediate resection recommendation in 36 patients (20.0%) and excluded this option in 85 (47.2%). Fifty-nine (32.8%) patients required additional invasive EEG investigations; however, only eight with bilateral recordings. FOP VEM identified the ictal onset in 137 patients, compared to 96 during prior scalp VEM, p = .004. Predictors for determination of ictal onset were temporal lobe epilepsy (OR 2.9, p = .03) and lesional imaging (OR 3.1, p = .01). Predictors for surgery recommendation were temporal lobe epilepsy (OR 6.8, p < .001), FO seizure onset (OR 6.1, p = .002), and unilateral interictal epileptic activity (OR 3.8, p = .02). One-year postsurgical seizure freedom (53.3% of patients) was predicted by FO ictal onset (OR 5.8, p = .01). Two patients experienced intracerebral bleeding without persisting neurologic sequelae. Conclusion: FOP VEM adds clinically significant electrophysiological information leading to treatment decisions in two-thirds of cases with a good benefit-risk profile. Predictors identified for electrophysiological and clinical outcome can assist in optimally selecting patients for this safe diagnostic approach.
Additional file 2 of Complex chronic patients as an emergent group with high risk of intracerebral haemorrhage: an observational cohort study
Creators: name: Lorman-Carbó, Blanca
name: Clua-Espuny, Josep Lluís
name: Eulàlia Muria-Subirats
name: Ballesta-Ors, Juan
name: González-Henares, Maria Antònia
name: Fernández-Sáez, José
name: Martín-Luján, Francisco M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2.
Dial-a-dietitian : an exploratory study of client use
Creators: name: Finlayson, Joan Marjorie
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This study investigates client use of a telephone information service. An exploratory study was undertaken of a Dial-A-Dietitian nutrition information service to obtain a description of the callers, frequency of caller use of the service, and action taken by the callers after receiving the information. The data were obtained from records in the Dial-A-Dietitian office and by interviewing two randomly selected samples of callers by telephone one week after they had contacted the service with a question about nutrition. Information collected was age, sex, years spent in school, and perceived health status. Frequency of caller use was determined by whether a caller was a first time caller or one who had called at least once in the past year. The action taken was described as a performance, conduct, or procedure that a person followed after receiving information. The callers were described as women with an average age of 51 years who spent 12 or more years in school. They considered their health to be excellent/good. Their nutritional interests were equally divided between normal and therapeutic nutrition. Sixty-five percent of the callers were regular users. Approximately 42% of the callers took some identifiable action as a result of receiving information from the service.
Learning Stable Deep Dynamics Models for Partially Observed or Delayed Dynamical Systems
Creators: name: Schlaginhaufen, Andreas
name: Wenk, Philippe
name: Krause, Andreas
name: Dörfler, Florian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Learning how complex dynamical systems evolve over time is a key challenge in system identification. For safety critical systems, it is often crucial that the learned model is guaranteed to converge to some equilibrium point. To this end, neural ODEs regularized with neural Lyapunov functions are a promising approach when states are fully observed. For practical applications however, partial observations are the norm. As we will demonstrate, initialization of unobserved augmented states can become a key problem for neural ODEs. To alleviate this issue, we propose to augment the system's state with its history. Inspired by state augmentation in discrete-time systems, we thus obtain neural delay differential equations. Based on classical time delay stability analysis, we then show how to ensure stability of the learned models, and theoretically analyze our approach. Our experiments demonstrate its applicability to stable system identification of partially observed systems and learning a stabilizing feedback policy in delayed feedback control.
description: Published at NeurIPS 2021
White matter hyperintensities are an independent predictor of cognitive decline 3 years following first-ever stroke—results from the PROSCIS-B study
Creators: name: Ali, Huma Fatima
name: Fast, Lea
name: Khalil, Ahmed
name: Siebert, Eberhard
name: Liman, Thomas
name: Endres, Matthias
name: Villringer, Kersten
name: Kufner, Anna
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: White matter hyperintensities
subject: Cerebrovascular risk factors
subject: Cognitive impairment
subject: Recurrent cerebrovascular events
subject: First-ever ischemic stroke
subject: Depression
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Background: White matter hyperintensities (WMH) are the result of cerebral small vessel disease and may increase the risk of cognitive impairment (CI), recurrent stroke, and depression. We aimed to explore the association between selected cerebrovascular risk factors (CVRF) and WMH load as well as the effect of increased WMH burden on recurrent vascular events, CI, and depression in first-ever ischemic stroke patients. Methods: 431 from the PROSpective Cohort with Incident Stroke (PROSCIS) were included; Age-Related White Matter Changes (ARWMC) score was used to assess WMH burden on FLAIR. The presence of CVRF (defined via blood pressure, body-mass-index, and serological markers of kidney dysfunction, diabetes mellitus, and hyperlipoproteinemia) was categorized into normal, borderline, and pathological profiles based on commonly used clinical definitions. The primary outcomes included recurrent vascular events (combined endpoint of recurrent stroke, myocardial infarction and/or death), CI 3 years post-stroke, and depression 1-year post-stroke. Results: There was no clear association between CVRF profiles and WMH burden. High WMH lesion load (ARWMC score & GE; 10) was found to be associated with CI (adjusted OR 1.05 [95% CI 1.00-1.11]; p < 0.02) in a mixed-model analysis. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed a visible increase in the risk of recurrent vascular events following stroke; however, after adjustment, the risk was non-significant (HR 1.5 [95% CI 0.76-3]; p = 0.18). WMH burden was not associated with depression 1-year post stroke (adjusted OR 0.72 [95% CI 0.31-1.64]; p = 0.44). Conclusion: Higher WMH burden was associated with a significant decline in cognition 3 years post-stroke in this cohort of first-ever stroke patients.
Coronal and chromospheric activity of Teegarden's star
Creators: name: Fuhrmeister, B.
name: Schmitt, J. H. M. M.
name: Reienrs, A.
name: Czesla, S.
name: Béjar, V. J. S.
name: Caballero, J.
name: Henning, Th.
name: Morales, J. C.
name: Quirrenbach, A.
name: Ribas, I.
name: Robrade, J.
name: Schneider, P. C.
name: Zechmeister, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Teegarden's star is a late-type M-dwarf planet host, typically showing only rather low levels of activity. In this paper we present an extensive characterisation of this activity at photospheric, chromospheric, and coronal levels. We specifically investigated TESS observations of Teegarden's star, which showed two very large flares with an estimated flare fluence between 10$^{29}$ and 10$^{32}$\,erg comparable to the largest solar flares. We furthermore analysed nearly 300 CARMENES spectra and 11 ESPRESSO spectra covering all the usually used chromospheric lines in the optical from the \ion{Ca}{ii} H \& K lines at 3930\,Å\, to the \ion{He}{i} infrared triplet at 10830\,Å. These lines show different behaviour: The \ion{He}{i} infrared triplet is the only one absent in all spectra, some lines show up only during flares, and others are always present and highly variable. Specifically, the H$α$ line is more or less filled in during quiescence; however, the higher Balmer lines are still observed in emission. Many chromospheric lines show a correlation with H$α$ variability, which, in addition to stochastic behaviour, also shows systematic behaviour on different timescales including the rotation period. Moreover, we found several flares and also report hints of an erupting prominence, which may have led to a coronal mass ejection. Finally, we present X-ray observations of Teegarden's star (i.e. a discovery pointing obtained with the \emph{Chandra} observatory) and an extensive study with the \emph{XMM-Newton} observatory; when these two large flares were observed, one of them showed clear signatures of the Neupert effect, suggesting the production of hard X-rays in the system.
description: 15 pages, 20 figures
Additional file 1 of Association between ratio for diameters of pulmonary artery to ascending aorta bifurcation in chest CT scan and number of involved vessels in coronary angiography
Creators: name: Mohseni, Iman
name: Shiri, Afshin
name: Simindokht Mojahedin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Number of involved vessels in angiography.
The influence of pairing on the nuclear matrix elements of the neutrinoless double beta decays
Creators: name: Caurier, E.
name: Menendez, J.
name: Nowacki, F.
name: Poves, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study in this letter the behavior of the neutrinoless double beta decay nuclear matrix elements (NME's) in the framework of the Interacting Shell Model. We analize them in terms of the total angular momentum of the decaying neutron pair and as a function of the seniority truncations in the nuclear wave functions. This point of view turns out to be very adequate to gauge the accuracy of the NME's predicted by different nuclear structure models. In addition, it gives back the due protagonism in this process to the pairing interaction, the interaction which is responsible for the very existence of double beta decay emitters. We show that low seniority approximations, comparable to those implicit in the quasiparticle RPA in an spherical basis, tend to overestimate the values of the NME's in several decays.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, added discussions
Unified description of Bjorken and Landau 1+1 hydrodynamics
Creators: name: Bialas, A.
name: Janik, R. A.
name: Peschanski, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a generalization of the Bjorken in-out Ansatz for fluid trajectories which, when applied to the (1+1) hydrodynamic equations, generates a one-parameter family of analytic solutions interpolating between the boost-invariant Bjorken picture and the non boost-invariant one by Landau. This parameter characterises the proper-time scale when the fluid velocities approach the in-out Ansatz. We discuss the resulting rapidity distribution of entropy for various freeze-out conditions and compare it with the original Bjorken and Landau results.
description: 20 pages, 5 figures
Additional file 2 of Association between ratio for diameters of pulmonary artery to ascending aorta bifurcation in chest CT scan and number of involved vessels in coronary angiography
Creators: name: Mohseni, Iman
name: Shiri, Afshin
name: Simindokht Mojahedin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2. Comparative number of involved coronary vessels by gender
The covariant entropy bound and loop quantum cosmology
Creators: name: Ashtekar, Abhay
name: Wilson-Ewing, Edward
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine Bousso's covariant entropy bound conjecture in the context of radiation filled, spatially flat, Friedmann-Robertson-Walker models. The bound is violated near the big bang. However, the hope has been that quantum gravity effects would intervene and protect it. Loop quantum cosmology provides a near ideal setting for investigating this issue. For, on the one hand, quantum geometry effects resolve the singularity and, on the other hand, the wave function is sharply peaked at a quantum corrected but smooth geometry which can supply the structure needed to test the bound. We find that the bound is respected. We suggest that the bound need not be an essential ingredient for a quantum gravity theory but may emerge from it under suitable circumstances.
description: 15 pages, 3 figures. Minor typos corrected and one reference added
Additional file 1 of Excretable, ultrasmall hexagonal NaGdF4:Yb50% nanoparticles for bimodal imaging and radiosensitization
Creators: name: Jossana A. Damasco
name: Tymish Y. Ohulchanskyy
name: Supriya Mahajan
name: Guanying Chen
name: Singh, Ajay
name: Hilliard L. Kutscher
name: Haoyuan Huang
name: Turowski, Steven G.
name: Spernyak, Joseph A.
name: Anurag K. Singh
name: Lovell, Jonathan F.
name: Mukund Seshadri
name: Paras N. Prasad
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1. Additional figures.
Evidence for Correlations Between Nuclear Decay Rates and Earth-Sun Distance
Creators: name: Jenkins, Jere H.
name: Fischbach, Ephraim
name: Buncher, John B.
name: Gruenwald, John T.
name: Krause, Dennis E.
name: Mattes, Joshua J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Unexplained periodic fluctuations in the decay rates of Si-32 and Ra-226 have been reported by groups at Brookhaven National Laboratory (Si-32), and at the Physikalisch-Technische-Bundesandstalt in Germany (Ra-226). We show from an analysis of the raw data in these experiments that the observed fluctuations are strongly correlated in time, not only with each other, but also with the distance between the Earth and the Sun. Some implications of these results are also discussed, including the suggestion that discrepancies in published half-life determinations for these and other nuclides may be attributable in part to differences in solar activity during the course of the various experiments, or to seasonal variations in fundamental constants.
description: 4 pages, 4 figs
Non-equilibrium of Ionization and the Detection of Hot Plasma in Nanoflare-heated Coronal Loops
Creators: name: Reale, Fabio
name: Orlando, Salvatore
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Impulsive nanoflares are expected to transiently heat the plasma confined in coronal loops to temperatures of the order of 10 MK. Such hot plasma is hardly detected in quiet and active regions, outside flares. During rapid and short heat pulses in rarified loops the plasma can be highly out of equilibrium of ionization. Here we investigate the effects of the non-equilibrium of ionization (NEI) on the detection of hot plasma in coronal loops. Time-dependent loop hydrodynamic simulations are specifically devoted to this task, including saturated thermal conduction, and coupled to the detailed solution of the equations of ionization rate for several abundant elements. In our simulations, initially cool and rarified magnetic flux tubes are heated to 10 MK by nanoflares deposited either at the footpoints or at the loop apex. We test for different pulse durations, and find that, due to NEI effects, the loop plasma may never be detected at temperatures above ~5 MK for heat pulses shorter than about 1 min. We discuss some implications in the framework of multi-stranded nanoflare-heated coronal loops.
description: 22 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication
Additional file 10 of Novel live cell fluorescent probe for human-induced pluripotent stem cells highlights early reprogramming population
Creators: name: Sriram, Sandhya
name: Nam-Young Kang
name: Subramanian, Subha
name: Tannistha Nandi
name: Samydurai Sudhagar
name: Qiaorui Xing
name: Gerine Jin-Ling Tong
name: Chen, Allen Kuan-Liang
name: Thekkeparambil Chandrabose Srijaya
name: Tan, Patrick
name: Yuin-Han Loh
name: Chang, Young-Tae
name: Sugii, Shigeki
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 10:. Table S2. Real time qPCR primers.
Clustered and Triggered Star Formation in W5: Observations with Spitzer
Creators: name: Koenig, Xavier P.
name: Allen, Lori E.
name: Gutermuth, Robert A.
name: Hora, Joseph L.
name: Brunt, Christopher M.
name: Muzerolle, James
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present images and initial results from our extensive Spitzer Space Telescope imaging survey of the W5 H II region with the Infrared Array Camera (IRAC) and Multiband Imaging Photometer for Spitzer (MIPS). We detect dense clusters of stars, centered on the O stars: HD 18326, BD +60 586, HD 17505 and HD 17520. At 24 microns substantial extended emission is visible, presumably from heated dust grains that survive in the strongly ionizing environment of the H {\sc ii} region. With photometry of more than 18000 point sources, we analyze the clustering properties of objects classified as young stars by their IR spectral energy distributions (a total of 2064 sources) across the region using a minimal-spanning-tree algorithm. We find ~40--70% of infrared excess sources belong to clusters with >10 members. We find that within the evacuated cavities of the H II regions that make up W5, the ratio of Class II to Class I sources is ~7 times higher than for objects coincident with molecular gas as traced by 12CO emission and near-IR extinction maps. We attribute this contrast to an age difference between the two locations, and postulate that at least two distinct generations of star formation are visible across W5. Our preliminary analysis shows that triggering is a plausible mechanism to explain the multiple generations of star formation in W5, and merits further investigation.
description: 14 pages, 11 color figures. To appear in December 1st edition of ApJ
Additional file 1 of Novel live cell fluorescent probe for human-induced pluripotent stem cells highlights early reprogramming population
Creators: name: Sriram, Sandhya
name: Nam-Young Kang
name: Subramanian, Subha
name: Tannistha Nandi
name: Samydurai Sudhagar
name: Qiaorui Xing
name: Gerine Jin-Ling Tong
name: Chen, Allen Kuan-Liang
name: Thekkeparambil Chandrabose Srijaya
name: Tan, Patrick
name: Yuin-Han Loh
name: Chang, Young-Tae
name: Sugii, Shigeki
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1. Supplemental methods.
Bremsstrahlung in alpha-Decay Reexamined
Creators: name: Boie, H.
name: Scheit, H.
name: Jentschura, U. D.
name: Köck, F.
name: Lauer, M.
name: Milstein, A. I.
name: Terekhov, I. S.
name: Schwalm, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A high-statistics measurement of bremsstrahlung emitted in the alpha decay of 210Po has been performed, which allows to follow the photon spectra up to energies of ~ 500 keV. The measured differential emission probability is in good agreement with our theoretical results obtained within the quasi classical approximation as well as with the exact quantum mechanical calculation. It is shown that due to the small effective electric dipole charge of the radiating system a significant interference between the electric dipole and quadrupole contributions occurs, which is altering substantially the angular correlation between the alpha particle and the emitted photon.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures, v2: fix of small typos
Spectral functions for medium-sized nuclei
Creators: name: Ankowski, Artur M.
name: Sobczyk, Jan T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spectral functions for calcium and argon are constructed. It is verified that their predictions for the quasielastic electron-nucleus cross sections in the energy range ~1 GeV agree with the data. The argon spectral function is then used to obtain the quasielastic neutrino-nucleus cross section.
description: 3 pages, 3 figures, presented at 5th International Workshop on Neutrino-Nucleus Interactions in the Few-GeV Region (NuInt07), Fermilab, USA, 30.05-3.06.2007
Entanglement as a Probe of Confinement
Creators: name: Klebanov, Igor R.
name: Kutasov, David
name: Murugan, Arvind
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the entanglement entropy in gravity duals of confining large $N_c$ gauge theories using the proposal of arXiv:hep-th/0603001, arXiv:hep-th/0605073. Dividing one of the directions of space into a line segment of length $l$ and its complement, the entanglement entropy between the two subspaces is given by the classical action of the minimal bulk hypersurface which approaches the endpoints of the line segment at the boundary. We find that in confining backgrounds there are generally two such surfaces. One consists of two disconnected components localized at the endpoints of the line segment. The other contains a tube connecting the two components. The disconnected surface dominates the entropy for $l$ above a certain critical value $l_{\rm crit}$ while the connected one dominates below that value. The change of behavior at $l=l_{\rm crit}$ is reminiscent of the finite temperature deconfinement transition: for $l < l_{\rm crit}$ the entropy scales as $N_c^2$, while for $l > l_{\rm crit}$ as $N_c^0$. We argue that a similar transition should occur in any field theory with a Hagedorn spectrum of non-interacting bound states. The requirement that the entanglement entropy has a phase transition may be useful in constraining gravity duals of confining theories.
description: 22 pages, 6 figures, v1. references added
Comparison of Statistical Multifragmentation Model simulations with Canonical Thermodynamical Model results: a few representative cases
Creators: name: Botvina, A.
name: Chaudhuri, G.
name: Gupta, S. Das
name: Mishustin, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The statistical multifragmentation model (SMM) has been widely used to explain experimental data of intermediate energy heavy ion collisions. A later entrant in the field is the canonical thermodynamic model (CTM) which is also being used to fit experimental data. The basic physics of both the models is the same, namely that fragments are produced according to their statistical weights in the available phase space. However, they are based on different statistical ensembles, and the methods of calculation are different: while the SMM uses Monte-Carlo simulations, the CTM solves recursion relations. In this paper we compare the predictions of the two models for a few representative cases.
Influence of dissipation on the extraction of quantum states via repeated measurements
Creators: name: Militello, B.
name: Yuasa, K.
name: Nakazato, H.
name: Messina, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A quantum system put in interaction with another one that is repeatedly measured is subject to a non-unitary dynamics, through which it is possible to extract subspaces. This key idea has been exploited to propose schemes aimed at the generation of pure quantum states (purification). All such schemes have so far been considered in the ideal situations of isolated systems. In this paper, we analyze the influence of non-negligible interactions with environment during the extraction process, with the scope of investigating the possibility of purifying the state of a system in spite of the sources of dissipation. A general framework is presented and a paradigmatic example consisting of two interacting spins immersed in a bosonic bath is studied. The effectiveness of the purification scheme is discussed in terms of purity for different values of the relevant parameters and in connection with the bath temperature.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures
A skein approach to Bennequin type inequalities
Creators: name: Ng, Lenhard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57M27; 57R17, 53D12

description: We give a simple unified proof for several disparate bounds on Thurston-Bennequin number for Legendrian knots and self-linking number for transverse knots in R^3, and provide a template for possible future bounds. As an application, we give sufficient conditions for some of these bounds to be sharp.
description: 15 pages, many figures
Universal structure of subleading infrared poles in gauge theory amplitudes
Creators: name: Dixon, Lance J.
name: Magnea, Lorenzo
name: Sterman, George
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the origin of subleading soft and collinear poles of form factors and amplitudes in dimensionally-regulated massless gauge theories. In the case of form factors of fundamental fields, these poles originate from a single function of the coupling, denoted G(alpha_s), depending on both the spin and gauge quantum numbers of the field. We relate G(alpha_s) to gauge-theory matrix elements involving the gluon field strength. We then show that G(alpha_s) is the sum of three terms: a universal eikonal anomalous dimension, a universal non-eikonal contribution, given by the coefficient B_delta (alpha_s) of delta(1 - z) in the collinear evolution kernel, and a process-dependent short-distance coefficient function, which does not contribute to infrared poles. Using general results on the factorization of soft and collinear singularities in fixed-angle massless gauge theory amplitudes, we conclude that all such singularities are captured by the eikonal approximation, supplemented only by the knowledge of B_delta (alpha_s). We explore the consequences of our results for conformal gauge theories, where in particular we find a simple exact relation between the form factor and the cusp anomalous dimension.
description: 29 pages, 1 figure; version published on JHEP, two added references
Kloosterman sums, elliptic curves, and irreducible polynomials with prescribed trace and norm
Creators: name: Moisio, Marko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11T06, 11T23; 05A15

description: Let $\F_q$ ($q=p^r$) be a finite field. In this paper the number of irreducible polynomials of degree $m$ in $\F_q[x]$ with prescribed trace and norm coefficients is calculated in certain special cases and a general bound for that number is obtained improving the bound by Wan if $m$ is small compared to $q$. As a corollary, sharp bounds are obtained for the number of elements in $\F_{q^3}$ with prescribed trace and norm over $\F_q$ improving the estimates by Katz in this special case. Moreover, a characterization of Kloosterman sums over $\F_{2^r}$ divisible by three is given generalizing the earlier result by Charpin, Helleseth, and Zinoviev obtained only in the case $r$ odd. Finally, a new simple proof for the value distribution of a Kloosterman sum over the field $\F_{3^r}$, first proved by Katz and Livne, is given.
description: 21 pages; revised version with somewhat more clearer proofs; to appear in Acta Arithmetica
Testing Kerr Black Hole Mimickers with Quasi-Periodic Oscillations from GRO J1655-40
Creators: name: Jiang, Xin
name: Wang, Peng
name: Wu, Houwen
name: Yang, Haitang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The measurements of quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs) provide a quite powerful tool to test the nature of astrophysical black hole candidates in the strong gravitational field regime. In this paper, we use QPOs within the relativistic precession model to test a recently proposed family of rotating black hole mimickers, which reduce to the Kerr metric in a limiting case, and can represent traversable wormholes or regular black holes with one or two horizons, depending on the values of the parameters. In particular, assuming that the compact object of GRO J1655-40 is described by a rotating black hole mimicker, we perform a $χ$-square analysis to fit the parameters of the mimicker with two sets of observed QPO frequencies from GRO J1655-40. Our results indicate that although the metric around the compact object of GRO J1655-40 is consistent with the Kerr metric, a regular black hole with one horizon is favored by the observation data of GRO J1655-40.
description: v1: 9 pages with 2 figures
The Rotation Period of the Planet-Hosting Star HD 189733
Creators: name: Henry, Gregory W.
name: Winn, Joshua N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present synoptic optical photometry of HD 189733, the chromospherically active parent star of one of the most intensively studied exoplanets. We have significantly extended the timespan of our previously reported observations and refined the estimate of the stellar rotation period by more than an order of magnitude: $P = 11.953\pm 0.009$ days. We derive a lower limit on the inclination of the stellar rotation axis of $56\arcdeg$ (with 95% confidence), corroborating earlier evidence that the stellar spin axis and planetary orbital axis are well aligned.
description: To appear in AJ
Origin of giant photocontraction in obliquely deposited amorphous Ge_xSe_{1-x} thin- films and the intermediate phase
Creators: name: Jin, Mingji
name: Chen, Ping
name: Boolchand, P.
name: Rajagopalan, T.
name: Chopra, K. L.
name: Starbova, K.
name: Starbov, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Obliquely deposited amorphous Ge_xSe{1-x} thin-films at several compositions in the 0.15 < x < 0.333 range, and at several obliqueness angles in the 0 < alpha < 80 range at each x were evaporated on Si and glass substrates. Here alpha designates the angle between film normal and direction of vapor transport. Raman scattering, ir reflectance and optical absorption measurements were undertaken to characterize the vibrational density of states and optical band gaps. Edge views of films in SEM confirm the columnar structure of obliquely (alpha = 80) deposited films. Films, mounted in a cold stage flushed with N2 gas, were irradiated to UV radiation from a Hg-Xe arc lamp, and
Additional file 9 of Novel live cell fluorescent probe for human-induced pluripotent stem cells highlights early reprogramming population
Creators: name: Sriram, Sandhya
name: Nam-Young Kang
name: Subramanian, Subha
name: Tannistha Nandi
name: Samydurai Sudhagar
name: Qiaorui Xing
name: Gerine Jin-Ling Tong
name: Chen, Allen Kuan-Liang
name: Thekkeparambil Chandrabose Srijaya
name: Tan, Patrick
name: Yuin-Han Loh
name: Chang, Young-Tae
name: Sugii, Shigeki
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 9:. Table S1. List of the 386 genes differentially expressed in DiPS, DPSC, BDL-E5+, BDL-E5-.
Linear Statistics of Point Processes via Orthogonal Polynomials
Creators: name: Ryckman, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For arbitrary $β> 0$, we use the orthogonal polynomials techniques developed by R. Killip and I. Nenciu to study certain linear statistics associated with the circular and Jacobi $β$ ensembles. We identify the distribution of these statistics then prove a joint central limit theorem. In the circular case, similar statements have been proved using different methods by a number of authors. In the Jacobi case these results are new.
description: Added references, corrected typos. To appear, J. Stat. Phys
Boosting the efficiency of Smith-Purcell radiators using nanophotonic inverse design
Creators: name: Haeusler, Urs
name: Seidling, Michael
name: Yousefi, Peyman
name: Hommelhoff, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The generation of radiation from free electrons passing a grating, known as Smith-Purcell radiation, finds various applications including non-destructive beam diagnostics and tunable light sources, ranging from terahertz towards X-rays. So far, the gratings used for this purpose have been designed manually, based on human intuition and simple geometric shapes. Here we apply the computer-based technique of nanophotonic inverse design to build a 1400nm Smith-Purcell radiator for sub-relativistic 30 keV electrons. We demonstrate that the resulting silicon nanostructure radiates with a 3-times-higher efficiency and 2.2-times-higher overall power than previously used rectangular gratings. With better fabrication accuracy and for the same electron-structure distance, simulations suggest a superiority by a factor of 96 in peak efficiency. While increasing the efficiency is a key step needed for practical applications of free-electron radiators, inverse design also allows to shape the spectral and spatial emission in ways inaccessible with the human mind.
description: Accepted for publication in ACS Photonics
Processing of non-constant baseline pulses: a matrix technique
Creators: name: Ferrari, C.
name: Borghesi, M.
name: Faverzani, M.
name: Ferri, E.
name: Giachero, A.
name: Nucciotti, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For a high source activity experiment, such as HOLMES, non-constant baseline pulses could constitute a great fraction of the data-set. We test the optimal filter matrix technique, proposed to process these pulses, on simulated responses of HOLMES microcalorimeters.
Additional file 1 of Sympathetic stimulation increases serum lactate concentrations in patients admitted with sepsis: implications for resuscitation strategies
Creators: name: Jagan, Nikhil
name: Morrow, Lee E.
name: Walters, Ryan W.
name: Plambeck, Robert W.
name: Tej M. Patel
name: Moore, Douglas R.
name: Malesker, Mark A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Appendix S1. Additional figures.
Singularities and Soft-Big Bang in a viscous $Λ$CDM model
Creators: name: Cruz, Norman
name: González, Esteban
name: Jovel, José
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we explore the different types of singularities that arise in the $Λ$CDM model when dissipative processes are considered, in the framework of the Eckart's theory. In particular, we study the late-time behavior of $Λ$CDM model with viscous cold dark matter (CDM) and an early-time viscous radiation domination era with cosmological constant (CC). The fluids are described by the barotropic equation of state (EoS) $p=(γ-1)ρ$, where $p$ is the equilibrium pressure of the fluid, $ρ$ their energy density, and $γ$ is the barotropic index. We explore two particular cases for the bulk viscosity $ξ$, a constant bulk viscosity $ξ=ξ_{0}$, and a bulk viscosity proportional to the energy density of the fluid $ξ=ξ_{0}ρ$. Due to some previous investigations that have explored to describe the behavior of the universe with a negative CC, we extend our analysis to this case. We found that future singularities like Big-Rip are allowed but without having a phantom EoS associated to the DE fluid. Big-Crunch singularities also appears when a negative CC is present, but also de Sitter and even Big-Rip types are allowed due to the negative pressure of the viscosity, which opens the possibility of an accelerated expansion in AdS cosmologies. We also discuss a very particular solution without Big Bang singularity that arises in the early-time radiation dominant era of our model known as Soft-Big Bang.
description: 17 pages, 13 figures
TESS Experiments: Do Women Make More Credible Threats? Gender Stereotypes and Crisis Bargaining
Creators: name: Blair, Christopher
name: Schwartz, Joshua A.
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2023

description: Time-sharing Experiments for the Social Sciences (TESS) offers researchers the opportunity to capture the internal validity of experiments. Investigators submit proposals, and TESS fields successful proposals for free on a representative sample of adults in the United States. This experiment was conducted to examine the relationship between gender stereotypes and public evaluations of leaders in interstate disputes. Respondents were randomly assigned to be presented with one of 24 vignettes in which a third-party country is invaded by a neighboring country and the US president must decide how to respond. Vignettes vary the gender of the U.S. president by name proxy (Eric/Steven vs. Erica/Stephanie), party affiliation of the U.S. president (Democrat vs. Republican), the gender of the invading country’s leader (male vs. female), and the U.S. president’s response to the invasion (stay out vs. fail to engage vs. engage). A total of 2,342 respondents participated. Prior to treatment, respondents answered measures of sexist attitudes and foreign policy dispositions. After treatment, respondents were asked to evaluate the U.S. president, his/her handling of the crisis, and how democratic the attacking country is. This allowed for comparison of public opinion costs incurred by U.S. leaders across treatment conditions.
Optimized Double-well quantum interferometry with Gaussian squeezed-states
Creators: name: Huang, Y. P.
name: Moore, M. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A Mach-Zender interferometer with a gaussian number-difference squeezed input state can exhibit sub-shot-noise phase resolution over a large phase-interval. We obtain the optimal level of squeezing for a given phase-interval $Δθ_0$ and particle number $N$, with the resulting phase-estimation uncertainty smoothly approaching $3.5/N$ as $Δθ_0$ approaches 10/N, achieved with highly squeezed states near the Fock regime. We then analyze an adaptive measurement scheme which allows any phase on $(-π/2,π/2)$ to be measured with a precision of $3.5/N$ requiring only a few measurements, even for very large $N$. We obtain an asymptotic scaling law of $Δθ\approx (2.1+3.2\ln(\ln(N_{tot}\tanΔθ_0)))/N_{tot}$, resulting in a final precision of $\approx 10/N_{tot}$. This scheme can be readily implemented in a double-well Bose-Einstein condensate system, as the optimal input states can be obtained by adiabatic manipulation of the double-well ground state.
description: updated version
An examination of the concept of community development as discerned through selected literature in the adult education movement in Canada and the United States, 1919-1960
Creators: name: Pyrch, Timothy
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This study examines the origins and the evolution of the community development concept in the Canadian and American adult education movement as discerned through selected literature in the period 1919-60. The concept is defined as the combination of adult learning and social action aiming to educate the citizens for collective co-operative enterprises in local control of local affairs. The study was undertaken in order to explain a fundamental concept in the movement. The historical method of investigation is employed. The community development concept in the adult education movement is identified, described, and analysed chronologically, and the main areas of thought and debate that produced the concept are explained thematically. The evidence used in this study was obtained from a systematic study of the adult education literature relying in large part on Canadian and American adult education journals. This was a single archive study in that all sources used are housed in University of British Columbia libraries. Another limitation was the total reliance on the written word. It was learned that the origins of the concept lie in the early years of the movement when adult educators searched for a guide for general social improvement in Canada and the United States. The concept was a product of four themes or subjects of thought—adult education for social improvement, the nature of community, the value of socio-economic co-operation, and the relationship between education and social action. The concept evolved from a general notion in the thirties into a specific method of adult education in the late fifties. It was a recurring theme because many adult educators perceived voluntary co-operative action as the democratic way to get people involved in participating in social change processes during the rapid and broad socio-economic changes that typified the period under review. The concept was controversial particularly in the thirties and in the fifties. An emphasis on the collective versus the individual and a stress on the active involvement in social change versus the neutrality in social change created incompatible divisions in the movement. This study concludes that the issues associated with the community development concept in the adult education movement will recur because the values involved are fundamental in the search for an improved quality of life through adult education.
On the dual equivalence between self-dual and Maxwell-Chern-Simons models with Lorentz symmetry breaking
Creators: name: Anacleto, M. A.
name: Furtado, C.
name: Nascimento, J. R.
name: Petrov, A. Yu.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we use gauge embedding procedure and master action approach to establish the equivalence between the self-dual and Maxwell-Chern-Simons models with Lorentz symmetry breaking. As a result, new kinds of Lorentz-breaking terms arise.
description: 14 pages, minor corrections, version accepted to Physical Review D
Additional file 2 of Sympathetic stimulation increases serum lactate concentrations in patients admitted with sepsis: implications for resuscitation strategies
Creators: name: Jagan, Nikhil
name: Morrow, Lee E.
name: Walters, Ryan W.
name: Plambeck, Robert W.
name: Tej M. Patel
name: Moore, Douglas R.
name: Malesker, Mark A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2:Table S1. Serum lactate level: Final model results using continuous mean arterial pressure and heart rate using the entire cohort (used to create manuscript Fig. 2).