cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Analysis of rock slope deformation in the Grimsel pass region
Creators: name: Temperli, Annette
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2019

description: In this thesis radar remote sensing data from the European Space Agency (ESA) Sentinel- 1 mission were analysed to study the slope processes in the Grimsel pass region. Preliminary results have shown surface displacements at Lake Grimsel and Lake Oberaar during summer. The investigation served to assess whether there is a risk of potential slope instabilities. The Differential Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry (DInSAR) technique was considered. For this purpose interferograms spanning the period between 2015 and 2018 were generated. Therefore, satellite images of different dates were superimposed and their phase difference calculated, so the extent of the displacement could be detected. The analysis shows that reversible deformations occur between summer and winter periods on the slope at Lake Oberaar. At the slope at Lake Grimsel only deformations could be detected during summer. A field inspection was carried out to investigate the physical characteristics of the affected slopes. The collected datasets should give an insight into the processes causing the surface displacements. Photogrammetric images were taken with the help of UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) and high-resolution photography. Due to uncertainties of the DInSAR analysis, the reasons of the observed surface displacements could not be constrained herein. A targeted further processing and analysis of the data should help to find a possible cause for the deformations.
MOESM3 of Dopamine D3 receptor and GSK3β signaling mediate deficits in novel object recognition memory within dopamine transporter knockdown mice
Creators: name: Pi-Kai Chang
name: Chu, Jung
name: Tsai, Ya-Ting
name: Yan-Heng Lai
name: Jin-Chung Chen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 3: Figure S3. No effect of novelty exposure on Akt and GSK3 phosphorylation in the DH. (A) Levels of phosphorylation at Akt/serine 473; (B) total amount of Akt; (C) Levels of phosphorylation at GSK3α/serine 21; (D) total amount of GSK3α; (E) Levels of phosphorylation at GSK3β/serine 9; (F) total amount of GSK3β. Data are shown as mean ± SEM (n = 13–14 per group).
Additional file 3 of Plastid phylogenomics of tribe Perseeae (Lauraceae) yields insights into the evolution of East Asian subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forests
Creators: name: Xiao, Tian-Wen
name: Yan, Hai-Fei
name: Ge, Xue-Jun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 3: Fig. S3. ML tree inferred from IQ-TREE based on unpartitioned non-protein coding genes (NPCG). The support values of SH-aLRT (on the left) and UFBS (on the right) are shown on the branches.
Investigation of landquakes in the European Alps
Creators: name: Gygax, Mario
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2020

description: The use of seismic broadband networks has proven to be a useful tool to identify and characterise landslides. In this thesis, this approach is applied to rockfalls in the European Alps and evaluated for applicability and accuracy.
An amount of 82 alpine landslides between 2009 -2019 have been investigated, which were reported by
newspaper articles and previous studies. The events varied in all kind of landslide typologies like rockfall and debris flows and show event volumes between one and three million cubic metres. The seismic
broadband network was selected to include 65 stations in operation during the whole period of analysis.
The seismic data of the network got evaluated visually and by using an STA/LTA detector programmed
in Matlab. A total of 25 (30.5%) rockfalls were successfully recorded using the selected seismic network
- mainly large falling mass movements with a minimum recorded volume of 1’000 m3. The seismic
network was not able to detect flowing mass movements.
The analysis of seismic attenuation of landslide signals has shown that the density of the seismic network is a critical factor. In addition to volume, the detection of individual events depends mainly on the
process of the mass movement. The impact of rock masses after a free-fall phase, for example, generates
a much higher seismic energy compared to rock flowing on the surface.
Quantum communication protocols using the vacuum
Creators: name: Anderson, Xiatra
name: van Enk, S. J.
name: Rudolph, Terry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We speculate what quantum information protocols can be implemented between two accelerating observers using the vacuum. Whether it is in principle possible or not to implement a protocol depends on whether the aim is to end up with classical information or quantum information. Thus, unconditionally secure coin flipping seems possible but not teleportation.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure (upside-down). Speculative; comments are welcome
The Case of Removing Price Supports on Feed Grains: Estimated Effects on the U.S. and Nebraska Corn and Livestock Industries
Creators: name: Yanagida, John F.
name: Azzam, Azzeddine M.
name: Yanagida, John F.
name: Azzam, Azzeddine M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1985
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Demand and Price Analysis
Livestock Production/Industries

description: A U.S.-Nebraska linked quarterly econometric model is used to examine i~?acts on the corn, beef and hog industries from immediate and gradual removal of price supports. The results indicate that the agriculture sector is more adversely affected from removal of price supports gradually than expeditiously. Also, the gradual adjustment approach produces greater cyclical movements in prices and quantities. Corn exports are not greatly affected under either market adjustment process.
Neutralization of slow helium ions scattered from single crystalline aluminum and tantalum surfaces and their oxides
Creators: name: Bruckner, Barbara
name: Bauer, Peter
name: Primetzhofer, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigated the impact of surface oxygen on the ion yield for He$^+$ ions scattered from different single crystalline surfaces in low-energy ion scattering. Initially clean Al(111) and Ta(111) were exposed to molecular oxygen and ion spectra for different oxidation stages and different primary energies were recorded. A comparison of ion yields normalized to the differential scattering cross section as well as experimental factors allows obtaining information about the influence of oxygen on charge exchange processes. The decrease in the ion yield of both metals with exposure cannot be explained by different surface coverages exclusively, but requires the neutralization efficiency to be dependent on the chemical structure of the surface. For Ta, additionally, a different energy dependency of the ion yield obtained in the metal and oxide occurs. The ion yield for O shows in both surfaces a significantly weaker energy dependency than the investigated metals.
Three level atom optics via the tunneling interaction
Creators: name: Eckert, K.
name: Lewenstein, M.
name: Corbalan, R.
name: Birkl, G.
name: Ertmer, W.
name: Mompart, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Three level atom optics (TLAO) is introduced as a simple, efficient and robust method to coherently manipulate and transport neutral atoms. The tunneling interaction among three trapped states allows to realize the spatial analog of the stimulated Raman adiabatic passage (STIRAP), coherent population trapping (CPT), and electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) techniques. We investigate a particular implementation in optical microtrap arrays and show that under realistic parameters the coherent manipulation and transfer of neutral atoms among dipole traps could be realized in the millisecond range.
description: 5 pages, 6 figures
THE CHANGING STRUCTURE OF NEBRASKA AGRICULTURE 1974 - 1982
Creators: name: Frederick, A.L. (Roy)
name: Johnson, Bruce B.
name: Frederick, A.L. (Roy)
name: Johnson, Bruce B.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1985
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Farm Management

description: This report focuses on changes in the Nebraska farm sector from 1974 to 1982. Items of major interest include number, size, and types of farms; resource use and output; tenure patterns; age of farm operators; forms of farm business organization; and capital investment. A Gini Index procedure is used to measure shifts in concentration of certain structural variables. Data sources are Censuses of Agriculture, with emphasis on the 1982, 1978, and 1974 Censuses. The number of Nebraska farms declined in the period ending with the 1982 Census, a continuation of a long-term trend, both in the state and nationally. The 60,243 Nebraska farms accounted for in the latest Census represented an 11 percent decline from 1974 (Table 1). Similarly, the land in farms dropped to just under 45 million acres, down three percent from 1974. However, the value of Nebraska agricultural commodities sold jumped sharply in the eight year period - from $3.7 billion to $6.6 billion - reflecting both a larger volume of sales and inflation-driven prices, especially in the livestock sector.
陆生脊椎动物细胞资源保存和应用-小麂皮肤成纤维细胞系建立和鉴定
Creators: name: 王, 桃
Publisher: name: CNGB
Year: 2019
Subjects: Raw sequence reads
Genome sequencing
Other
ABI 3730 测序结果
Monoisolate

description: 本项目通过组织块贴壁法和酶消化法两种方式建立小麂皮肤成纤维细胞系，并通过细胞形态、细胞活率、免疫荧光、核型分析和线粒体COI基因序列分析等对该细胞系进行鉴定。
3D Flight Planning and Data Analysis of Aerial Photographs taken with an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle
Creators: name: Blöchliger, Timon
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2016

description: UAVs, equipped with optical cameras and GPS, are used to obtain high quality aerial photographs. The photos are processed with photogrammetric techniques. Therefore, e"cient flight planning is required. Horizontal flight paths for photogrammetry are optimized by open source programs like the Mission Planner from Ardupilot. When the topography is mountainous or steep, the current flight planning is not ideal. For that reason, a program is written to optimize the flight planning for complex topography. The idea is that the way points lay smoothed and parallel to the landscape surface. Calculated flight plans are tested successful in Attinghausen, Canton of Schwyz and Grimsel, Canton of Berne. Calculated way points and GPS data were compared after the flight to obtain the nearest distance to the ground. The resulting aerial photographs are used to produce a three-dimensional photogrammetric model, an orthophoto and a DEM per flight. Agisoft Photoscan was mainly used for this. The new DEM from Agisoft is compared with the swissALTI3D (older DEM) from swisstopo. Such comparisons are usually applied to detect mass changes. Adam Tech 3DM Analyst is also used to create photogrammetric data of one flight. Orthophotos and DEM of both softwares show good quality with resolutions till 5 mm per pixel.
Fixed Pattern Noise Reduction for Infrared Images Based on Cascade Residual Attention CNN
Creators: name: Guan, Juntao
name: Lai, Rui
name: Xiong, Ai
name: Liu, Zesheng
name: Gu, Lin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Existing fixed pattern noise reduction (FPNR) methods are easily affected by the motion state of the scene and working condition of the image sensor, which leads to over smooth effects, ghosting artifacts as well as slow convergence rate. To address these issues, we design an innovative cascade convolution neural network (CNN) model with residual skip connections to realize single frame blind FPNR operation without any parameter tuning. Moreover, a coarse-fine convolution (CF-Conv) unit is introduced to extract complementary features in various scales and fuse them to pick more spatial information. Inspired by the success of the visual attention mechanism, we further propose a particular spatial-channel noise attention unit (SCNAU) to separate the scene details from fixed pattern noise more thoroughly and recover the real scene more accurately. Experimental results on test data demonstrate that the proposed cascade CNN-FPNR method outperforms the existing FPNR methods in both of visual effect and quantitative assessment.
Comparing Agricultural Economics Graduate Programs: What Are Prospective Students Options?
Creators: name: Mark, Darrell R.
name: Daniel, M. Scott
name: Lusk, Jayson L.
name: Mark, Darrell R.
name: Daniel, M. Scott
name: Lusk, Jayson L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Agribusiness
Institutional and Behavioral Economics
Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession

description: Over 1,800 agricultural economics graduate students at 41 Ph.D. and master's degree granting institutions in the United States were surveyed to determine their demographic characteristics, academic motivations, financial assistance, scholastic output, and professional activities. Responses were received from 306 Ph.D. degree-seeking students and 244 students pursuing masters degrees. They indicated career advancement potential was their most important reason for pursuing a graduate degree. Students choose among graduate programs largely based on departmental reputation and financial assistance. Scholastic output and professional activities differ between top ranked and lower ranked graduate programs, with graduate students at top ranked schools focusing on teaching activities whereas students m lower ranked graduate programs emphasized research and extension output.
Bright metal-poor variables: why "Anomalous" Cepheids?
Creators: name: Caputo, F.
name: Castellani, V.
name: Degl'Innocenti, S.
name: Fiorentino, G.
name: Marconi, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the theoretical scenario concerning the large sample of variables recently discovered in the dwarf, metal-poor irregular galaxy Leo A, focusing the attention on the "Anomalous" Cepheid phenomenon and its correlation with RR Lyrae stars, Classical and Population II Cepheids. To this purpose, we make use of suitable stellar and pulsation models to depict the pulsational history of evolutionary structures with metallicity Z=0.0004, finding that He-burning pulsators are expected only outside the mass interval ~ 0.8-1.7 Mo. The dependence on metal content of this scenario has been investigated over the range Z=0.0002 to 0.008. One finds that the edges of the pulsational strip for the more massive class of pulsators appear independent of metallicity, but with the minimum mass of these bright pulsators which decreases when decreasing the metallicity, thus decreasing the predicted minimum luminosity and period. Comparison with data for Cepheids in Leo A and in the moderately metal rich extragalactic stellar system Sextans A discloses an encouraging agreement with the predicted pulsational scenario. On this basis, we predict that in a stellar system where both RR Lyrae stars and Cepheids are observed, their magnitude difference may help in constraining both the metal content and the distance. The current classification of metal-poor Cepheids is shortly discussed, advancing the suggestion for an updated terminology abreast of the current knowledge of stellar evolution.
description: 18 pages, 10 postscript figures, accepted for publication on A&A
Students' Perspectives On Farming & Ranching Careers, Agricultural Education, and Beginning Farmer Assistance Programs
Creators: name: Mark, Darrell R.
name: Mark, Darrell R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Institutional and Behavioral Economics
Livestock Production/Industries

description: The traditional land-grant university mission is to provide instruction in agriculture and related fields. The universities developed to fulfill that mission were created in the late 1800s in an era of relatively small-scaled, homogenous farming operations. Today, land-grant universities are still called upon to provide instruction in traditional production agriculture through research, teaching, and extension activities. However, it is also expected to provide an ever-expanding breadth of programs to an increasingly diverse population and dynamic agricultural industry. As demands for research and educational opportunities change, it is important to reexamine the historic foundation of the land-grant university. Assessing the need for services related to preparing young people for careers in production agriculture is one component of this mission to consider. This paper considers the need for the University of Nebraska's Institute of Agriculture and Natural Resources to provide production agricultural instruction and assistance through its College of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources (CASNR) and Cooperative Extension Division. Information on the number of students considering farming/ranching careers, the current challenges associated with farming/ranching, educational preparation, and beginning farmer assistance was obtained through a 2004 survey of CASNR students. Specific objectives are to: 1 • Assess young potential farmers' general outlook towards farming and ranching, • Explore the educational needs of potential beginning farmers in areas of finance, management, marketing, decision making, and production, and • Examine the areas of need that prospective farmers have for assistance when beginning farming/ranching.
Learning Deep Analysis Dictionaries for Image Super-Resolution
Creators: name: Huang, Jun-Jie
name: Dragotti, Pier Luigi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Inspired by the recent success of deep neural networks and the recent efforts to develop multi-layer dictionary models, we propose a Deep Analysis dictionary Model (DeepAM) which is optimized to address a specific regression task known as single image super-resolution. Contrary to other multi-layer dictionary models, our architecture contains L layers of analysis dictionary and soft-thresholding operators to gradually extract high-level features and a layer of synthesis dictionary which is designed to optimize the regression task at hand. In our approach, each analysis dictionary is partitioned into two sub-dictionaries: an Information Preserving Analysis Dictionary (IPAD) and a Clustering Analysis Dictionary (CAD). The IPAD together with the corresponding soft-thresholds is designed to pass the key information from the previous layer to the next layer, while the CAD together with the corresponding soft-thresholding operator is designed to produce a sparse feature representation of its input data that facilitates discrimination of key features. DeepAM uses both supervised and unsupervised setup. Simulation results show that the proposed deep analysis dictionary model achieves better performance compared to a deep neural network that has the same structure and is optimized using back-propagation when training datasets are small.
description: Accepted by IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing
Improved $α^4$ Term of the Muon Anomalous Magnetic Moment
Creators: name: Kinoshita, T.
name: Nio, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have completed the evaluation of all mass-dependent $α^4$ QED contributions to the muon $g-2$, or $a_μ$, in two or more different formulations. Their numerical values have been greatly improved by an extensive computer calculation. The new value of the dominant $α^4$ term $A_2^{(8)} (m_μ/ m_e) $ is 132.6823 (72), which supersedes the old value 127.50 (41). The new value of the three-mass term $A_3^{(8)} (m_μ/ m_e, m_μ/ m_τ) $ is 0.0376 (1). The term $A_2^{(8)} (m_μ/ m_τ) $ is crudely estimated to be about 0.005 and may be ignored for now. The total QED contribution to $a_μ$ is $116 584 719.58 (0.02)(1.15)(0.85) \times 10^{-11}$, where 0.02 and 1.15 are uncertainties in the $α^4$ and $α^5$ terms and 0.85 is from the uncertainty in $α$ measured by atom interferometry. This raises the Standard Model prediction by $13.9 \times 10^{-11}$, or about 1/5 of the measurement uncertainty of $a_μ$. It is within the noise of current uncertainty ($\sim 100 \times 10^{-11}$) in the estimated hadronic contributions to $a_μ$.
description: Appendix A has been rewritten extensively. It includes the 4th-order calculation for illustration. Version accepted by PRD
Additional file 4 of Plastid phylogenomics of tribe Perseeae (Lauraceae) yields insights into the evolution of East Asian subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forests
Creators: name: Xiao, Tian-Wen
name: Yan, Hai-Fei
name: Ge, Xue-Jun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 4: Fig. S4. ML tree inferred from IQ-TREE based on partitioned genes of complete plastomes (CP). The support values of SH-aLRT (on the left) and UFBS (on the right) are shown on the branches.
Developing and Delivering Course Content for Dual Enrollment Courses
Creators: name: Parrott, Scott D.
name: Mehlhorn, Joey
name: D'Antoni, Jeremy M.
name: Mehlhorn, Sandy
name: Davidson, Kelly
name: Parrott, Scott D.
name: Mehlhorn, Joey
name: D'Antoni, Jeremy M.
name: Mehlhorn, Sandy
name: Davidson, Kelly
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession
subject: dual enrollment
subject: online learning
subject: technology

description: Results indicate dual enrollment courses help students in their transition to college and provide a great recruiting opportunity for agribusiness programs. In order to be successful with dual enrollment programs, faculty must be willing to move beyond the traditional teaching paradigm.
Ground states and dynamics of multi-component Bose-Einstein condensates
Creators: name: Bao, Weizhu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study numerically the time-independent vector Gross-Pitaevskii equations (VGPEs) for ground states and time-dependent VGPEs with (or without) an external driven field for dynamics describing a multi-component Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) at zero or very low temperature. In preparation for the numerics, we scale the 3d VGPEs, approximately reduce it to lower dimensions, present a normalized gradient flow (NGF) to compute ground states of multi-component BEC, prove energy diminishing of the NGF which provides a mathematical justification, discretize it by the backward Euler finite difference (BEFD) which is monotone in linear and nonlinear cases and preserves energy diminishing property in linear case. Then we use a time-splitting sine-spectral method (TSSP) to discretize the time-dependent VGPEs with an external driven field for computing dynamics of multi-component BEC. The merit of the TSSP for VGPEs is that it is explicit, unconditionally stable, time reversible and time transverse invariant if the VGPEs is, `good' resolution in the semiclassical regime, of spectral order accuracy in space and second order accuracy in time, and conserves the total particle number in the discretized level. Extensive numerical examples in 3d for ground states and dynamics of multi-component BEC are presented to demonstrate the power of the numerical methods and to discuss the physics of multi-component Bose-Einstein condensates.
description: 38 pages
Additional file 5 of Plastid phylogenomics of tribe Perseeae (Lauraceae) yields insights into the evolution of East Asian subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forests
Creators: name: Xiao, Tian-Wen
name: Yan, Hai-Fei
name: Ge, Xue-Jun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 5: Fig. S5. ML tree inferred from IQ-TREE based on partitioned PCG. The support values of SH-aLRT (on the left) and UFBS (on the right) are shown on the branches.
MOESM2 of Dopamine D3 receptor and GSK3β signaling mediate deficits in novel object recognition memory within dopamine transporter knockdown mice
Creators: name: Pi-Kai Chang
name: Chu, Jung
name: Tsai, Ya-Ting
name: Yan-Heng Lai
name: Jin-Chung Chen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 2: Figure S2. No effect of novelty exposure on Akt and ERK1/2 phosphorylation in the mPFC. (A) Levels of phosphorylation at Akt/serine 473; (B) total amount of Akt. Data are shown as the mean ± SEM (n = 13–14 per group). (C) Levels of ERK1 phosphorylation; (D) total amount of ERK1; (E) Levels of ERK2 phosphorylation; (F) total amount of ERK2. Data are shown as mean ± SEM (n = 7–8 per group).
Assessment of body composition in spinal cord injury: A scoping review
Creators: name: Van Der Scheer, Jan W.
name: Totosy De Zepetnek, Julia O.
name: Blauwet, Cheri
name: Brooke-Wavell, Katherine
name: Graham-Paulson, Terri
name: Leonard, Amber N.
name: Webborn, Nick
name: Goosey-Tolfrey, Victoria L.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Research Article
subject: Biology and life sciences
subject: Medicine and health sciences
subject: Research and analysis methods
subject: Engineering and technology
subject: FOS: Engineering and technology

description: Funder: Loughborough University; funder-id: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000857
description: Funder: Peter Harrison Foundation
description: The objective of this scoping review was to map the evidence on measurement properties of body composition tools to assess whole-body and regional fat and fat-free mass in adults with SCI, and to identify research gaps in order to set future research priorities. Electronic databases of PubMed, EMBASE and the Cochrane library were searched up to April 2020. Included studies employed assessments related to whole-body or regional fat and/or fat-free mass and provided data to quantify measurement properties that involved adults with SCI. All searches and data extractions were conducted by two independent reviewers. The scoping review was designed and conducted together with an expert panel (n = 8) that represented research, clinical, nutritional and lived SCI experience. The panel collaboratively determined the scope and design of the review and interpreted its findings. Additionally, the expert panel reached out to their professional networks to gain further stakeholder feedback via interactive practitioner surveys and workshops with people with SCI. The research gaps identified by the review, together with discussions among the expert panel including consideration of the survey and workshop feedback, informed the formulation of future research priorities. A total of 42 eligible articles were identified (1,011 males and 143 females). The only tool supported by studies showing both acceptable test-retest reliability and convergent validity was whole-body dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA). The survey/workshop participants considered the measurement burden of DXA acceptable as long as it was reliable, valid and would do no harm (e.g. radiation, skin damage). Practitioners considered cost and accessibility of DXA major barriers in applied settings. The survey/workshop participants expressed a preference towards simple tools if they could be confident in their reliability and validity. This review suggests that future research should prioritize reliability and validity studies on: (1) DXA as a surrogate ‘gold standard’ tool to assess whole-body composition, regional fat and fat-free mass; and (2) skinfold thickness and waist circumference as practical low-cost tools to assess regional fat mass in persons with SCI, and (3) females to explore potential sex differences of body composition assessment tools. Registration review protocol: CRD42018090187 (PROSPERO).
title: Efficiency of CO2 storage in saline aquifers using foam co-injection
Creators: name: Lyu, Xiaocong
name: Voskov, Denis
name: Rossen, William
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2020

description: Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands (1); Stanford University, CA, USA (2)

 In this study, we investigate CO2-foam injection as a promising technology to increase the security of CO2 sequestration process. To evaluate the performance of CO2-foams in saline aquifers, the Delft Advanced Research Terra Simulator (DARTS) is used to predict CO2-foam dynamic behavior. A consistent thermodynamic model has been implemented in DARTS to describe the phase-behavior of the CO2-brine system with impurities. This phase-behavior module is combined with representation of foams by an implicit-texture (IT) model. An Operator-Based Linearization (OBL) approach is utilized for fully implicit approximation. The OBL approach reduces the nonlinearity of the physical problem by transforming the discretized nonlinear conservation equations into a quasi-linear form based on state-dependent operators. In our work, a small 2D domain with the presence of a capillary transition zone (CTZ) is used to investigate the effect of capillarity on the CO2 dissolution rate at different thermodynamic conditions. Then we use a 3D unstructured reservoir to examine CO2-foams behavior and its effects on CO2 storage. The results show that foam-assisted CO2 injection can reduce gas mobility effectively by trapping gas bubbles and inhibit CO2 from buoyancy-driven migration upward, thus enhancing storage efficiency. At the same time, the CO2 convective dissolution trapping enhanced by the presence of a CTZ is more limited in the CO2-foam scenario comparing to pure CO2 injection. The results of our investigation suggest that CO2-foam co-injection is a promising technology to mitigate risks at short time scales while pure CO2 injection has advantages from a long-term sequestration perspective.
Additional file 1 of CT radiomics features of meso-esophageal fat in predicting overall survival of patients with locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma treated by definitive chemoradiotherapy
Creators: name: Yan, Shuo
name: Li, Fei-Ping
name: Jian, Lian
name: Zhu, Hai-Tao
name: Zhao, Bo
name: Li, Xiao-Ting
name: Shi, Yan-Jie
name: Sun, Ying-Shi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Medicine
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Cancer

description: Supplementary Material 1
The Effect of Income on Health Choices: Alcohol Use
Creators: name: Hu, Xiaowen
name: Stowe, C. Jill
name: Hu, Xiaowen
name: Stowe, C. Jill
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Health Economics and Policy
subject: health choices
subject: income
subject: alcohol consumption

description: This paper investigates the relation between household income level and individual alcohol consumption behavior. Data from Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) are tested utilizing a multinomial Logit method. The results show that alcohol consumption frequency positively correlates to income, but excessive alcohol use mostly occurs among lower income population.
Safety risk assessment for autonomous vehicle road testing
Creators: name: Tu, Huizhao
name: Wang, Min
name: Li, Hao
name: Sun, Lijun
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Road testing can accelerate the development and validation of autonomous vehicles (AVs). AV road testing can come with high safety risks, particularly in a complex road traffic environment, due to the immaturity of AV technology. A priori safety risk assessments of the road traffic environment before AV road testing are of great importance, allow the quantifying of risk levels in different road scenarios, and provide guidelines for AV road testing in low to high-risk environments. This study proposes a framework, namely Safety Risk Assessment for AV road testing (SRAAV), based on the probability and severity of five categories of potential AV accidents. Four groups of influencing factors are considered comprehensively in assessing AV safety risk, and their impacts are quantified using impact coefficients derived from a Bayesian network and empirical AV road testing data. The safety risk is assessed on a road section level, based on which an overall risk level is defined for a corridor and a region. Afterwards, the quantified safety risk is classified into four levels according to expert experience and knowledge, through a questionnaire survey. Applications of the proposed SRAAV framework are conducted for urban roads in Shanghai, and expressways in Shanghai and Gothenburg. The assessment results are validated using disengagement data from AV road testing. The results show that the SRAAV framework and its models could estimate the safety risk levels of road traffic environments for AV road testing in a sound way and have the flexibility for further extensions to be made. The framework and assessment results can provide technical support for determining where and when to grant permission for public roads to be used for AV road testing, and how to choose public roads from a low to a high risk level, guaranteeing the safety of AV public road testing.
The Impact of Credit Constraints on Housing Demand: Assessed with Endogenous Price and Expenditure
Creators: name: Li, Yarui
name: Leatham, David J.
name: Li, Yarui
name: Leatham, David J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Credit constraint
subject: housing market
subject: AIDS model
subject: endogeneity

description: This article assesses the impact of credit constraints on housing demand with price and expenditure treated as endogenous variables. Using AIDS model, we find the model without controlling for endogeneities tends to underestimate the impact of credit constraint on the budget shares and the estimates are less significant.
Moosfluh, towards a rock slope failure?
Creators: name: Galletti, Maud
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2018

description: Landslides and rockfalls are critical hazards to take into account in mountainous areas and understanding their mechanisms is crucial for mitigation purposes. Due to climate change, permafrost degradation and glacial retreat are becoming more and more relevant to consider in steep terrain. Indeed critically stressed slopes might react to these rapid changes and generate an increasing number of rock failure events. In the Great Aletsch region (Switzerland) glacial retreat has been considerable in the last decade and the adjacent southern slope (Moosfluh) has suffered progressive debuttressing, as well as increased deep-seated gravitational slope deformation (DSGSD) and enhanced rock failure phenomena. In this study, we investigate rockfall events occurring in the lower portions of the Moosfluh DSGSD in the 2017 summer season. We used a local network of three low-cost seismometers (raspberry shakes), webcam photos and field data to detect rockfalls and generate an event’s catalogue. Rockfall parameters as duration, amplitude, volume, runout, energy, as well as their spatial and temporal distribution, provided insights into the mechanisms driving the slope deformation. An increase in rockfall activity was detected at the beginning of August, corresponding to 3 days of heavy rainfalls. The weeks later followed a change in the displacement rate of the entire DSGSD. We also found that the majority of rockfalls occurred during night, pointing out a potential effect of daily surface temperature changes leading to rock contraction and eventually failure events. The peculiar spatial pattern of rockfall suggested temporally and spatially dependent activity for displacement in different domains of the moving mass. Finally, we calibrated a magnitude frequency relationship, which provides hints for mitigation strategies in Moosfluh as well as in other similar alpine areas.
Operando XANES from first-principles and its application to iridium oxide
Creators: name: Nattino, Francesco
name: Marzari, Nicola
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Efficient electro-catalytic water-splitting technologies require suitable catalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). The development of novel catalysts could benefit from the achievement of a complete understanding of the reaction mechanism on iridium oxide (IrO$_2$), an active catalyst material that is, however, too scarce for large-scale applications. Considerable insight has already been provided by \emph{operando} X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) experiments, which paved the way towards an atomistic description of the catalyst's evolution in a working environment. We combine here first-principles simulations augmented with a continuum description of the solvent and electrolyte to investigate the electrochemical stability of various IrO$_2$ interfaces and to predict the XANES cross-section for selected terminations under realistic conditions of applied potential. The comparison of computed O K-edge XANES spectra to corresponding experiments supports the formation of electron-deficient surface oxygen species in the OER-relevant voltage regime. Furthermore, surface hydroxyl groups that are found to be stable up to $\sim$1 V are suggested to be progressively oxidized at larger potentials, giving rise to a shift in the Ir L$_3$-edge cross-section that qualitatively agrees with measurements.
Statistical and computational thresholds for the planted k-densest sub-hypergraph problem
Creators: name: Corinzia, Luca
name: Penna, Paolo
name: Szpankowski, Wojciech
name: Buhmann, Joachim M.
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2020

description: Recovery a planted signal perturbed by noise is a fundamental problem in machine learning. In this work, we consider the problem of recovery a planted k-densest sub-hypergraph on h-uniform hypergraphs over n nodes. This fundamental problem appears in different contexts, e.g., community detection, average case complexity, and neuroscience applications.
We first observe that it can be viewed as a structural variant of tensor PCA in which the hypergraph parameters k and h determine the structure of the signal to be recovered when the observations are contaminated by Gaussian noise. In this work, we provide tight information-theoretic upper and lower bounds for the recovery problem, as well as the first non-trivial algorithmic bounds based on approximate message passing algorithms. The problem exhibits a typical information-to-computational-gap observed in analogous settings, that widens with increasing sparsity of the problem. Interestingly, the bounds show that the structure of the signal does have an impact on the existing bounds of tensor PCA that the unstructured planted signal does not capture.
description: arXiv
Must Cosmological Perturbations Remain Non-Adiabatic After Multi-Field Inflation?
Creators: name: Weinberg, Steven
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Even if non-adiabatic perturbations are generated in multi-field inflation, the perturbations will become adiabatic if the universe after inflation enters an era of local thermal equilibrium, with no non-zero conserved quantities, and will remain adiabatic as long as the wavelength is outside the horizon, even when local thermal equilibrium no longer applies. Small initial non-adiabatic perturbations associated with imperfect local thermal equilibrium remain small when baryons are created from out-of-equilibrium decay of massive particles, or when dark matter particles go out of local thermal equilibrium.
description: 12 pages, typographical errors corrected, acknowledgment added. Article accepted for publication in Physical Review D
Radiocarbon analysis of isoprenoid and branched Glycerol Dialkyl Glycerol Tetraethers in soils and fluvial sediments
Creators: name: Gies, Hannah
name: Montluçon, Daniel
name: Lupker, Maarten
name: van der Voort, Tessa S.
name: Hagedorn, Frank
name: Haghipour, Negar
name: Eglinton, Timothy I.
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2020

description: EGUsphere
MOESM1 of Dopamine D3 receptor and GSK3β signaling mediate deficits in novel object recognition memory within dopamine transporter knockdown mice
Creators: name: Pi-Kai Chang
name: Chu, Jung
name: Tsai, Ya-Ting
name: Yan-Heng Lai
name: Jin-Chung Chen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Task performance and locomotor activity for DAT-KD, FAUC365-treated DAT-KD, the D3R-KO/DAT-KD mutant and WT mice. (A) Time spent on each of two identical objects in 40 s of object exploration during the NOR training trial. (B) Total exploration of objects in the training trial. (C) Cumulative horizontal locomotor activity was recorded for a total of 10 min during the NOR training trial. Data were analyzed by a one-way ANOVA followed by the Tukey’s multiple comparisons test and are shown as mean ± SEM (n = 8 per group, * p
Comparison of Statistical and Machine Learning Techniques for Physical Layer Authentication
Creators: name: Senigagliesi, Linda
name: Baldi, Marco
name: Gambi, Ennio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper we consider authentication at the physical layer, in which the authenticator aims at distinguishing a legitimate supplicant from an attacker on the basis of the characteristics of a set of parallel wireless channels, which are affected by time-varying fading. Moreover, the attacker's channel has a spatial correlation with the supplicant's one. In this setting, we assess and compare the performance achieved by different approaches under different channel conditions. We first consider the use of two different statistical decision methods, and we prove that using a large number of references (in the form of channel estimates) affected by different levels of time-varying fading is not beneficial from a security point of view. We then consider classification methods based on machine learning. In order to face the worst case scenario of an authenticator provided with no forged messages during training, we consider one-class classifiers. When instead the training set includes some forged messages, we resort to more conventional binary classifiers, considering the cases in which such messages are either labelled or not. For the latter case, we exploit clustering algorithms to label the training set. The performance of both nearest neighbor (NN) and support vector machine (SVM) classification techniques is evaluated. Through numerical examples, we show that under the same probability of false alarm, one-class classification (OCC) algorithms achieve the lowest probability of missed detection when a small spatial correlation exists between the main channel and the adversary one, while statistical methods are advantageous when the spatial correlation between the two channels is large.
A new state of matter at high temperature as "sticky molasses"
Creators: name: Brown, Gerald E.
name: Lee, Chang-Hwan
name: Rho, Mannque
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The main objective of this work is to explore the evolution in the structure of the quark-antiquark bound states in going down in the chirally restored phase from the so-called "zero binding points" $T_{zb}$ to the QCD critical temperature $T_c$ at which the Nambu-Goldstone and Wigner-Weyl modes meet. In doing this, we adopt the idea recently introduced by Shuryak and Zahed for charmed $\bar c c$, light-quark $\bar q q$ mesons $π, σ, ρ, A_1$ and gluons that at $T_{zb}$, the quark-antiquark scattering length goes through $\infty$ at which conformal invariance is restored, thereby transforming the matter into a near perfect fluid behaving hydrodynamically, as found at RHIC. We name this new state of matter as "sticky molasses". We show that the binding of these states is accomplished by the combination of (i) the color Coulomb interaction, (ii) the relativistic effects, and (iii) the interaction induced by the instanton-anti-instanton molecules. The spin-spin forces turned out to be small. While near $T_{zb}$ all mesons are large-size nonrelativistic objects bound by Coulomb attraction, near $T_c$ they get much more tightly bound, with many-body collective interactions becoming important and making the $σ$ and $π$ masses approach zero (in the chiral limit). The wave function at the origin grows strongly with binding, and the near-local four-Fermi interactions induced by the instanton molecules play an increasingly more important role as the temperature moves downward toward $T_c$.
description: Invited Talk at KIAS-APCTP Symposium in Astro-Hadron Physics "Compact Stars: Quest for New States of Dense Matter", November 10-14, Seoul, Korea