Gairleanema pulchra Liang & Guo & Wang 2024, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Liang, Huixin
name: Guo, Wen
name: Wang, Chunming
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Nematoda
Adenophorea
Araeolaimida
Tripyloididae
Gairleanema
Gairleanema pulchra

description: Gairleanema pulchra sp. nov.
(Figures 1–2, Table 1)
Type material. One male and four females were measured and studied. Holotype: ♂ 1 on 22SHT5–3–6; paratypes: ♀ 1 on 22RZDT4–1–7, ♀ 2 on 22SHT5–2–1, ♀ 3 on 22RZDT4–3–5 and ♀ 4 on 22RZDT4–2–7.
Type locality and habitat. Specimens were collected from intertidal muddy sediment at Rizhao coast, Shandong Province, China; 35°23′N, 119°33′E (RZDT), 35°27′N, 119°35′E (SHT); 0–8 cm sediment depth.
Etymology. Species epithet pulchra refers to beautiful.
Descriptions
Male. Cuticle with indistinct transverse striations. Cephalic capsule slightly developed. Three high lips each with a pair of inner labial setae, bulbous swelling about half way along their length. Six long outer labial setae and four short cephalic setae in one circle, somatic setae scarce and present mainly in tail region. Buccal cavity with a large pointed dorsal tooth, two small ventrosublateral teeth, amphidial fovea oval-shaped, 29 μm from anterior end. Pharynx region cylindrical. Nerve ring, 114 μm from anterior end. Cardia triangular. Tail 5.1 cloacal diameters long, posterior half cylindrical. Caudal setae present, 6–9 μm in length, and two terminal setae, 16 μm in length. Three caudal glands in line.
Reproductive system monorchic, anterior testis to the right of intestine. Spicules L-shaped, proximal end slightly cephalated, 1.1 cloacal diameters along arc. Gubernaculum boat shaped, 25 μm in length, with proximal end hooked anteriorly. One ventral precloacal setae present, 17 μm in length. Seven precloacal supplements oval-shaped, distance between supplements gradually diminishing from the anterior to cloaca. The posterior supplement 29 μm from the cloaca and the anterior supplement 150 μm from the cloaca.
Females. Similar to male in most characteristics, but females bodies slightly longer. Caudal setae absent. Reproductive system didelphic, with opposed and reflexed ovaries. Anterior ovary to right of intestine and posterior ovary to left of intestine. Vulva slightly posterior to mid-body.
Differential diagnosis and discussion. Gairleanema pulchra sp. nov. is characterized by amphidial fovea oval-shaped, spicules L-shaped with proximal end slightly cephalated, gubernaculum boat-shaped with proximal end hooked anteriorly, seven precloacal supplements oval-shaped, supplements distance gradually diminishing from the anterior end to cloaca.
Gairleanema pulchra sp. nov. is similar to G. anagremilae in body length and cephalic setae length, but it differs in spicules length and shape (33 μm, without ventral alae vs. 52–53 μm, with broad ventral alae), precloacal supplements number and shape (7, oval-shaped vs. 2, mammiliform), gubernaculum shape (boat-shaped with proximal end hooked anteriorly vs. with hooked dorsal apophysis).
description: Published as part of Liang, Huixin, Guo, Wen & Wang, Chunming, 2024, Two new species of Nematoda: Gairleanema pulchra sp. nov. (Tripyloididae) and Axonolaimus dimorphous sp. nov. (Axonolaimidae) from the Yellow Sea, China, pp. 547-561 in Zootaxa 5447 (4) on pages 548-552, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5447.4.6, http://zenodo.org/record/11150576