cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Measurement-induced quantum criticality under continuous monitoring
Creators: name: Fuji, Yohei
name: Ashida, Yuto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate entanglement phase transitions from volume-law to area-law entanglement in a quantum many-body state under continuous position measurement on the basis of the quantum trajectory approach. We find the signatures of the transitions as peak structures in the mutual information as a function of measurement strength, as previously reported for random unitary circuits with projective measurements. At the transition points, the entanglement entropy scales logarithmically and various physical quantities scale algebraically, implying emergent conformal criticality, for both integrable and nonintegrable one-dimensional interacting Hamiltonians; however, such transitions have been argued to be absent in noninteracting regimes in some previous studies. With the aid of $U(1)$ symmetry in our model, the measurement-induced criticality exhibits a spectral signature resembling a Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid theory from symmetry-resolved entanglement. These intriguing critical phenomena are unique to steady-state regimes of the conditional dynamics at the single-trajectory level, and are absent in the unconditional dynamics obeying the Lindblad master equation, in which the system ends up with the featureless, infinite-temperature mixed state. We also propose a possible experimental setup to test the predicted entanglement transition based on the subsystem particle-number fluctuations. This quantity should readily be measured by the current techniques of quantum gas microscopy and is in practice easier to obtain than the entanglement entropy itself.
description: 15 pages, 14 figures, v3: This version includes corrections to the results obtained by an erroneous numerical algorithm in the previous versions, which caused quantitative changes to the numerical results
Higgs Self-Coupling in gamma-gamma Collisions
Creators: name: Belusevic, R.
name: Jikia, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To establish the Higgs mechanism experimentally, one has to determine the Higgs self-interaction potential responsible for the electroweak symmetry breaking. This requires a measurement of the trilinear and quadrilinear self-couplings of the Higgs particle, as predicted by the Standard Model (SM). We propose to measure the trilinear Higgs self-coupling in gamma-gamma collisions just above the kinematic threshold E_thr = 2M_H, where M_H is the Higgs mass. Our calculation reveals that the sensitivity of the cross-section sigma(gamma gamma -> HH) to the Higgs self-coupling is maximal near the 2M_H threshold for M_H = 115-150 GeV, and is larger than the sensitivities of sigma(e+e- -> ZHH) and sigma(e+e- -> nu nu HH) to this coupling for 2E_e < 700 GeV. We envisage to (a) study gamma gamma -> H by constructing an X-band e-e- linac and a terawatt laser system in order to produce Compton-scattered gamma-ray beams for a 160-GeV photon collider (2E_e = 200 GeV); (b) add a positron source and repeat all measurements done at LEP and SLC with much better precision; and (c) subsequently install 70-MeV/m rf cavities in order to study e+e- -> H+Z, e+e- -> tt and gamma gamma -> H+H at 2E_e = 350 GeV. The total length of the linac would be about 7 km.
description: 14 pages, 5 figures, LaTeX. Submitted to Phys. Rev. D
Linckia guildingi Gray 1840
Creators: name: Jangoux, Michel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Echinodermata
Asteroidea
Valvatida
Ophidiasteridae
Linckia
Linckia guildingi

description: ornithopus, Müller & Troschel, 1842, Ophidiaster
Ophidiaster ornithopus Müller & Troschel, 1842: 31.
Linckia guildingi ‒ Clark & Downey 1992: 275.
CURRENT STATUS. — Linckia guildingi Gray, 1840.
TYPE MATERIAL. — Mexico • 2 syntypes; Vera Cruz; MNHN- IE-2017-915.
REMARK
Linckia guildingi is a pantropical species.
description: Published as part of Jangoux, Michel, 2022, The type specimens of extant asteroids (Echinodermata) in the Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle of Paris, pp. 259-334 in Zoosystema 44 (11) on pages 304-305, DOI: 10.5252/zoosystema2022v44a11, http://zenodo.org/record/6616817
title: Οι επιπτώσεις της κλιματικής αλλαγής στον αμπελοοινικό τομέα
title: The effects of climate change on the grape-wine sector
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Αλέπη, Κωνσταντίνα
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Δυτικής Αττικής
Year: 2021
Subjects: Κλιματική αλλαγή
Αμπελοοινικός τομέας
Υπερθέρμανση
Αμπελοκαλλιέργεια
Φαινόμενο του θερμοκηπίου
Άμπελος
Οίνος
Ποικιλίες
Καλλιεργητικές τεχνικές

description: Η παρούσα πτυχιακή εργασία έχει σαν θέμα τις επιπτώσεις που η κλιματική αλλαγή έχει προκαλέσει ή δύναται να προκαλέσει στον αμπελοοινικό τομέα. Η ανθρώπινη δραστηριότητα αποτελεί το κύριο αίτιο της επιτάχυνσης της κλιματικής μεταβολής, και κυρίως της υπερθέρμανσης του πλανήτη. Η ανεξέλεγκτη καύση ορυκτών καυσίμων, για μεταφορά, θέρμανση, παραγωγή ενέργειας, λειτουργία βιομηχανικών μονάδων, αποτελεί τον κύριο παράγοντα που συμβάλλει στην αύξηση της συγκέντρωσης των αερίων του θερμοκηπίου άρα και της ενίσχυσης του φαινομένου του θερμοκηπίου. Η γεωργική δραστηριότητα, άρα και η αμπελοκαλλιέργεια επηρεάζονται σημαντικά από την κλιματική μεταβολή. Η μεταβολή της θερμοκρασίας και η έλλειψη διαθέσιμου νερού έχει οδηγήσει ή θα οδηγήσει στις επόμενες δεκαετίες, σε μετατόπιση των περιοχών όπου καλλιεργείται το αμπέλι σε περιοχές πιο κοντά στους πόλους, τόσο στο βόρειο όσο και στο νότιο ημισφαίριο. Προβλήματα στην αμπελοκαλλιέργεια, πιθανολογείται ότι θα προκαλέσει και η άνοδος της στάθμης της θάλασσας η οποία απειλεί με εξαφάνιση μέρους της καλλιεργήσιμης έκτασης αμπέλου. Επίσης, η κλιματική αλλαγή έχει προκαλέσει μεταβολή της χημικής σύστασης των σταφυλιών επιδρώντας έτσι στον οργανοληπτικό χαρακτήρα των οίνων, γεγονός που είναι ευνοϊκό για ορισμένες περιοχές και αρνητικό για ορισμένες άλλες, κυρίως για τις παραδοσιακές περιοχές παραγωγής ποιοτικού οίνου. Το φυτό επίσης της αμπέλου έρχεται αντιμέτωπο με ασθένειες και έντομα που αντέχουν σε αυξημένες θερμοκρασίες. Η αντιμετώπιση αυτών των προβλημάτων απαιτούν από τους αμπελοκαλλιεργητές και τους οινολόγους να επιδείξουν ετοιμότητα, προσαρμοστικότητα και τεχνογνωσία απέναντι στα νέα δεδομένα. Οι προσαρμοστικές στρατηγικές που πρέπει να ασκήσουν περιλαμβάνουν κινήσεις όπως η αντικατάσταση παλαιών ποικιλιών με νέες, η μετακίνηση της καλλιέργειας σε μεγαλύτερο υψόμετρο, η υιοθέτηση νέων οινοποιητικών τεχνικών.
Additional file 2 of Associations between neighborhood violence during pregnancy and birth outcomes: evidence from São Paulo’s Western Region Birth Cohort
Creators: name: Santos, Angélica Carreira Dos
name: Brentani, Alexandra
name: Fink, Günther
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: Medicine
Cell Biology
Biotechnology
Cancer
Science Policy

description: Additional file 2 Supplementary file 2: Multiple imputations. Table S1. Missingness among variables used in the multiple imputation models.
Case Study: Predictive Fairness to Reduce Misdemeanor Recidivism Through Social Service Interventions
Creators: name: Rodolfa, Kit T.
name: Salomon, Erika
name: Haynes, Lauren
name: Mendieta, Ivan Higuera
name: Larson, Jamie
name: Ghani, Rayid
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: K.4.1; K.4.2; K.5.0

description: The criminal justice system is currently ill-equipped to improve outcomes of individuals who cycle in and out of the system with a series of misdemeanor offenses. Often due to constraints of caseload and poor record linkage, prior interactions with an individual may not be considered when an individual comes back into the system, let alone in a proactive manner through the application of diversion programs. The Los Angeles City Attorney's Office recently created a new Recidivism Reduction and Drug Diversion unit (R2D2) tasked with reducing recidivism in this population. Here we describe a collaboration with this new unit as a case study for the incorporation of predictive equity into machine learning based decision making in a resource-constrained setting. The program seeks to improve outcomes by developing individually-tailored social service interventions (i.e., diversions, conditional plea agreements, stayed sentencing, or other favorable case disposition based on appropriate social service linkage rather than traditional sentencing methods) for individuals likely to experience subsequent interactions with the criminal justice system, a time and resource-intensive undertaking that necessitates an ability to focus resources on individuals most likely to be involved in a future case. Seeking to achieve both efficiency (through predictive accuracy) and equity (improving outcomes in traditionally under-served communities and working to mitigate existing disparities in criminal justice outcomes), we discuss the equity outcomes we seek to achieve, describe the corresponding choice of a metric for measuring predictive fairness in this context, and explore a set of options for balancing equity and efficiency when building and selecting machine learning models in an operational public policy setting.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures, 1 algorithm. The definitive Version of Record will be published in the proceedings of the Conference on Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency (FAT* '20), January 27-30, 2020, Barcelona, Spain
Arecibo Timing and Single Pulse Observations of 18 Pulsars
Creators: name: Lewandowski, W.
name: Wolszczan, A.
name: Feiler, G.
name: Konacki, M.
name: Soltysinski, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present new results of timing and single pulse measurements for 18 radio pulsars discovered in 1993 - 1997 by the Penn State/NRL declination-strip survey conducted with the 305-m Arecibo telescope at 430 MHz. Long-term timing measurements have led to significant improvements of the rotational and the astrometric parameters of these sources, including the millisecond pulsar, PSR J1709+2313, and the pulsar located within the supernova remnant S147, PSR J0538+2817. Single pulse studies of the brightest objects in the sample have revealed an unusual "bursting" pulsar, PSR J1752+2359, two new drifting subpulse pulsars, PSR J1649+2533 and PSR J2155+2813, and another example of a pulsar with profile mode changes, PSR J1746+2540. PSR J1752+2359 is characterized by bursts of emission, which appear once every 3-5 min. and decay exponentially on a ~45 sec timescale. PSR J1649+2533 spends ~30% of the time in a null state with no detectable radio emission.
description: submitted to ApJ
Cavity field ensembles from nonselective measurements
Creators: name: Larson, J.
name: Stenholm, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We continue our investigations of cavity QED with time dependent parameters. In this paper we discuss the situation where the state of the atoms leaving the cavity is reduced but the outcome is not recorded. In this case our knowledge is limited to an ensemble description of the results only. By applying the Demkov-Kunike level-crossing model, we show that even in this case, the filtering action of the interaction allows us to prepare a preassigned Fock state with good accuracy. The possibilities and limitations of the method are discussed and some relations to earlier work are presented.
description: 11 pages, 2 figures
Additional file 1 of Knowledge, attitude, and beliefs toward group behavior therapy programs among male adults attending smoking cessation clinics, cross-sectional analysis
Creators: name: Alduraywish, Shatha A.
name: Meaad F. Alnofaie
name: Balqes F. Alrajhi
name: Balsharaf, Fatima A.
name: Alblaihed, Sarah S.
name: Alsowigh, Alaa A.
name: Alotaibi, Wafa S.
name: Aldakheel, Fahad M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. The Questionnaire.
Remaster palmatus
Creators: name: Jangoux, Michel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Echinodermata
Asteroidea
Velatida
Korethrasteridae
Remaster
Remaster palmatus

description: palmatus Perrier, 1881, Korethraster
Korethraster palmatus Perrier, 1881: 12; 1884: 211, pl. 8, figs 5, 6.
Remaster palmatus ‒ Clark & Downey 1992: 343.
CURRENT STATUS. — Remaster palmatus (Perrier, 1881).
TYPE MATERIAL. — Caribbean Sea • 1 syntype; Barbados; BLAKE expedition; 1878-1879; depth 298 m; MNHN-IE-2014-139 • 3 syntypes, same as for preceding; depth 139 m; MNHN-IE-2014-145 • 2 syntypes; same as for preceding; depth 366 m; MNHN-IE-2014-147.
description: Published as part of Jangoux, Michel, 2022, The type specimens of extant asteroids (Echinodermata) in the Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle of Paris, pp. 259-334 in Zoosystema 44 (11) on page 305, DOI: 10.5252/zoosystema2022v44a11, http://zenodo.org/record/6616817
Capture and migration of Jupiter and Saturn in mean motion resonance in a gaseous protoplanetary disc
Creators: name: Chametla, Raul O.
name: D'Angelo, Gennaro
name: Reyes-Ruiz, Mauricio
name: Sanchez-Salcedo, F. Javier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the dynamical evolution of Jupiter and Saturn embedded in a gaseous, solar-nebula-type disc by means of hydrodynamics simulations with the FARGO2D1D code. We study the evolution for different initial separations of the planets' orbits, Delta a_SJ , to investigate whether they become captured in mean motion resonance (MMR) and the direction of the subsequent migration of the planet (inward or outward). We also provide an assessment of the planet's orbital dynamics at different epochs of Saturn's growth. We find that the evolution of initially compact orbital configurations is dependent on the value of Delta a_SJ . This implies that an evolution as that proposed in the Grand Tack model depends on the precise initial orbits of Jupiter and Saturn and on the timescales for their formation. Capture in the 1:2 MMR and inward or (nearly) stalled migration are highly favoured. Within its limits, our work suggests that the reversed migration, associated with the resonance capture of Jupiter and Saturn, may be a low probability evolutionary scenario, so that other planetary systems with giant planets are not expected to have experienced a Grand Tack-like evolutionary path.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS (14 pages, 10 figures, 3 tables)
A High Resolution Intergalactic Explorer for the Soft X-ray/FUV
Creators: name: Elvis, Martin
name: Fiore, Fabrizio
name: Team, the CWE
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a mission concept for high resolution X-ray spectroscopy with a resolving power, R~6000, (c.f. R=<1000 for Chandra, XMM-Newton). This resolution is physics-driven, since it allows the thermal widths of coronal X-ray lines to be measured, and astrophysics-driven, since 50 km/s resolves internal galaxy motions, and galaxy motions within larger structures. Such a mission could be small and have a rapid response allowing us to `X-ray the Universe' using the afterglows of Gamma-ray Bursts (GRBs) as strong background sources of X-rays, and so illuminate the `Cosmic Web'. The Cosmic Web is predicted to contain most of the normal matter (baryons) in the nearby Universe.
description: Paper presented at the August 2002 SPIE meeting "Astronomical Telescopes and Instrumentation", Kona, Hawaii
Mathematical derivations and supplementary information. from Stochastic fluctuations in apoptotic threshold of tumour cells can enhance apoptosis and combat fractional killing
Creators: name: Baohua Qiu
name: Jiajun Zhang
name: Tianshou Zhou
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 60114 Systems Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Computational Biology
subject: 10202 Biological Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The derivation of all equations in the main text is provided, and more numerical results are demonstrated.
Anomalous thickness-dependent electrical conductivity in van der Waals layered transition metal halide, Nb_3Cl_8
Creators: name: Yoon, Jiho
name: Lesne, Edouard
name: Sklarek, Kornelia
name: Sheckelton, John
name: Pasco, Chris
name: Parkin, Stuart S. P.
name: McQueen, Tyrel M.
name: Ali, Mazhar N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Understanding the electronic transport properties of layered, van der Waals transition metal halides (TMHs) and chalcogenides is a highly active research topic today. Of particular interest is the evolution of those properties with changing thickness as the 2D limit is approached. Here, we present the electrical conductivity of exfoliated single crystals of the TMH, cluster magnet, Nb3Cl8, over a wide range of thicknesses both with and without hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) encapsulation. The conductivity is found to increase by more than three orders of magnitude when the thickness is decreased from 280 μm to 5 nm, at 300 K. At low temperatures and below ~50 nm, the conductance becomes thickness independent, implying surface conduction is dominating. Temperature dependent conductivity measurements indicate Nb3Cl8 is an insulator, however the effective activation energy decreases from a bulk value of 310 meV to 140 meV by 5nm. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) shows mild surface oxidation in devices without hBN capping, however, no significant difference in transport is observed when compared to the capped devices, implying the thickness dependent transport behavior is intrinsic to the material. A conduction mechanism comprised of a higher conductivity surface channel in parallel with a lower conductivity interlayer channel is discussed.
description: 17 pages, 3 figures
title: Using pXRF for the Analysis of Ancient Pottery
title: An Expert Workshop in Berlin 2014
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: portable energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence (pXRF)
subject: exchange of experiences
subject: new methodological approaches
subject: applicability for ceramics
subject: international research
subject: 900 Geschichte und Geografie::930 Geschichte des Altertums (bis ca. 499), Archäologie::930 Geschichte des Altertums bis ca. 499, Archäologie

description: The aim of the second workshop on the use of portable energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence (pXRF) organized by the Cluster of Excellence TOPOI was to exchange experiences and discuss the basic requirements for the use of pXRF as a tool for chemical analysis of archaeological ceramics. During two days, 49 participants from eight European countries discussed nineteen lectures, twelve of which are published here as papers presenting research on ceramics and glass of various periods from Bulgaria, Germany, Greece, Rumania, Ukraine, Sudan, Syria and the United Kingdom. The focus was on analysing bulk pottery and on the possibilities of non-destructive determination of chemical composition. The number of chemical elements significant for provenance studies and determinable with sufficient precision and accuracy plays a major role. This was compared with chemical analysis using WDXRF, ICP-MS, NAA. The different examples prove that the chances of positive outcomes depend very much on the individual cases.
Additional file 1 of Total healthcare costs of deinstitutionalized long-term care provision in the Netherlands: an instrumental variable analysis
Creators: name: Wackers, Erik M. E.
name: Kruse, Florien M.
name: Berden, Hubert J. J. M.
name: van Dulmen, Simone A.
name: Stadhouders, Niek W.
name: Jeurissen, Patrick P. T.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 1.
Axiomatic Foundations of Thermostatics
Creators: name: Puccini, G.
name: Bergliaffa, S. Perez
name: Vucetich, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A realistic and objective axiomatic formulation of Thermostatics for composite systems is presented. The main feature of our axiomatics is that it is free of empirical definitions. In particular, the basic concepts of the theory, such as those of entropy, heat and temperature, are characterized only by the axiomatic basis and the theorems derived from it. We also show that the concept of (quasi)static process does not belong to the body of Thermostatics.
description: 22 pages, LaTeX, Published version
Electronic Structure of $\mathrm{Sr}_{1-y}\mathrm{Ca}_{y}\mathrm{Fe_{2}}(\mathrm{As}_{1-x}\mathrm{P}_{x}\mathrm{)_{2}}$ ($x$ = 0.25, $y$ = 0.08) Revealed by Angle-Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy
Creators: name: Adachi, Toru
name: Ideta, Shinichiro
name: Tin, Zi How
name: Usui, Hidetomo
name: Tanaka, Kiyohisa
name: Miyasaka, Shigeki
name: Tajima, Setsuko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have investigated the electronic structure of $\mathrm{Sr}_{1-y}\mathrm{Ca}_{y}\mathrm{Fe_{2}}(\mathrm{As}_{1-x}\mathrm{P}_{x}\mathrm{)_{2}}$ ($x$ = 0.25, $y$ = 0.08) by means of angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy. From the comparison with the results of $\mathrm{BaFe_{2}}(\mathrm{As}_{1-x}\mathrm{P}_{x}\mathrm{)_{2}}$, the effects of smaller structural anisotropy ($c/a$) on the Fermi surfaces (FSs) and the gap structures are discussed. The observed FSs have three dimensional shapes. One of the hole FSs is strongly warped between the $Γ$ and $Z$ points, and the innermost FS observed at the $Z$ point disappears at the $Γ$ point, which is similar to the FS features of $\mathrm{SrFe_{2}}(\mathrm{As}_{1-x}\mathrm{P}_{x}\mathrm{)_{2}}$ ($x$ = 0.35). In the superconducting state, the node like gap-minimum is present for the $d_{xy}$ electron FS near the $X$ point, while the gaps around the other high symmetry points are isotropic. Several theoretical models based on the spin and/or the orbital fluctuation are examined to explain all these experimental results.
description: 23 pages, 11 figures, 1 table
An X-ray Detection of Star Formation In a Highly Magnified Giant Arc
Creators: name: Bayliss, M. B.
name: McDonald, M.
name: Sharon, K.
name: Gladders, M. D.
name: Florian, M.
name: Chisholm, J.
name: Dahle, H.
name: Mahler, G.
name: Paterno-Mahler, R.
name: Rigby, J. R.
name: Rivera-Thorsen, E.
name: Whitaker, K. E.
name: Allen, S.
name: Benson, B. A.
name: Bleem, L. E.
name: Brodwin, M.
name: Canning, R. E. A.
name: Chiu, I.
name: Hlavacek-Larrondo, J.
name: Khullar, G.
name: Reichardt, C.
name: Vieira, J. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the past decade, our understanding of how stars and galaxies formed during the first 5 billion years after the Big Bang has been revolutionized by observations that leverage gravitational lensing by intervening masses, which act as natural cosmic telescopes to magnify background sources. Previous studies have harnessed this effect to probe the distant universe at ultraviolet, optical, infrared and millimeter wavelengths. However, strong lensing studies of young, star-forming galaxies have never extended into X-ray wavelengths, which uniquely trace high-energy phenomena. Here we report an X-ray detection of star formation in a highly magnified, strongly lensed galaxy. This lensed galaxy, seen during the first third of the history of the Universe, is a low--mass, low--metallicity starburst with elevated X-ray emission, and is a likely analog to the first generation of galaxies. Our measurements yield insight into the role that X-ray emission from stellar populations in the first generation of galaxies may play in re-ionizing the Universe. This observation paves the way for future strong lensing-assisted X-ray studies of distant galaxies reaching orders of magnitude below the detection limits of current deep fields, and previews the depths that will be attainable with future X-ray observatories.
description: Published in Nature Astronomy
Adelasterias papillosa
Creators: name: Jangoux, Michel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Echinodermata
Asteroidea
Forcipulatida
Asteriidae
Adelasterias
Adelasterias papillosa

description: papillosa Koehler, 1905, Diplasterias
Diplasterias papillosa Koehler, 1905: 466 ‒ Koehler 1906: 21, pl. 1, figs 2-5, pl. 2, figs 18, 19.
Adelasterias papillosa ‒ Clark in Clark & Mah 2001: 243.
CURRENT STATUS. — Adelasterias papillosa (Koehler, 1905).
TYPE MATERIAL. — Antarctic • 1 syntype; French Antarctic expedition; 1903-1905; unspecified locality; MNHN-IE-2014-243 • 1 syntype; same as for preceding;MNHN-IE-2014-255 • 1 syntype; same as for preceding; MNHN-IE-2014-486.
REMARK
One of the syntype was collected at Moureau Island. The locality of the two others is not reported by Koehler (1906).
description: Published as part of Jangoux, Michel, 2022, The type specimens of extant asteroids (Echinodermata) in the Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle of Paris, pp. 259-334 in Zoosystema 44 (11) on page 305, DOI: 10.5252/zoosystema2022v44a11, http://zenodo.org/record/6616817
Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of new prenylated 2-pyrone derivatives
Creators: name: Obi, Grace
name: Chukwujekwu, Jude C.
name: Heerden, Fanie R. Van
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: A series of new monoprenylated and diprenylated 2-pyrone derivatives with different halogen substituents were synthesized from the corresponding 6-aryl-4-hydroxy-2-pyrones by prenylation reactions. The compounds were evaluated for antibacterial activity and displayed significant in vitro activity with the highest activity shown by the monoprenylated 6-aryl-2-pyrones. All the compounds except the bromine-containing analogs were active against one or more tested bacteria, with Escherichia coli being the most susceptible of the test organisms. With the remarkable antibacterial activity of eight of the compounds against a drug-resistant β-lactamase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae, a synergistic evaluation between each of these compounds and ampicillin was undertaken. Out of the eight combinations studied, synergistic effects were observed with two compounds, 4-(3-methylbut-2-enoxy)-6-phenyl-2H-pyran-2-one and 6-(4-fluorophenyl)-4-(3-methylbut-2-enoxy)-2H-pyran-2-one. Both compounds, at half the individual MIC values, were able to lower the MIC of ampicillin in combinations from 2500 to 2.4 µg/mL (1/1041 of MIC).
title: Ð¢ÐµÑ Ð½Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÑÐµÑÑ Ð¸Ð·Ð³Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð´ÐµÑÐ°Ð»Ð¸ Â«ÐÑÑÐ»ÐºÐ° Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð¼ÐµÐ¶ÑÑÐ¾ÑÐ½Ð°ÑÂ»
title: Ð²ÑÐ¿ÑÑÐºÐ½Ð°Ñ ÐºÐ²Ð°Ð»Ð¸ÑÐ¸ÐºÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ° Ð±Ð°ÐºÐ°Ð»Ð°Ð²ÑÐ°
titleType: Subtitle
title: Technological process of manufacturing the part "intermediate bushing"
Creators: name: Ð¡ÑÐµÐ¿Ð°Ð½Ð¾Ð²Ð°, ÐÐ»Ð¸Ð½Ð°
Publisher: name: Ð¡Ð°Ð½ÐºÑ-ÐÐµÑÐµÑÐ±ÑÑÐ³ÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ ÑÐ½Ð¸Ð²ÐµÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑ ÐÐµÑÑÐ° ÐÐµÐ»Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾
Year: 2025
Subjects: ÑÐ¸Ð¿ Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð¸Ð·Ð²Ð¾Ð´ÑÑÐ²Ð°
ÑÐµÑ Ð½Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÑÐµÑÑ
Ð±Ð°Ð·Ð¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ
Ð¿ÑÐ¸Ð¿ÑÑÐº
Ð½Ð¾ÑÐ¼Ñ Ð²ÑÐµÐ¼ÐµÐ½Ð¸
ÑÐµÐ¶Ð¸Ð¼Ñ ÑÐµÐ·Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ
Ð¾Ð¿ÐµÑÐ°ÑÐ¸Ñ
ÑÐµÑÐ¾Ñ Ð¾Ð²Ð°ÑÐ¾ÑÑÑ
ÑÐµÐ¶ÑÑÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¸Ð½ÑÑÑÑÐ¼ÐµÐ½Ñ
Ð´Ð¾Ð¿ÑÑÐº
ÑÐµÑ Ð½Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ°Ñ Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð°ÑÑÐºÐ°
Ð¿ÑÐ¸ÑÐ¿Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð±Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ
ÑÐ°ÑÐ¾Ð½Ð½ÑÐ¹ ÑÐµÐ·ÐµÑ
production type
technological process
basing
allowance
time standards
cutting modes
operation
roughness
cutting tool
tolerance
technological equipment
device
shaped cutter

description: ÐÂ  Ð¿ÐµÑÐ²Ð¾Ð¼Â  ÑÐ°Ð·Ð´ÐµÐ»ÐµÂ  Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð½Ð¾Ð¹Â  ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÑÂ  Ð¿Ð¾ÑÑÐ°Ð¿Ð½Ð¾Â  Ð¾Ð¿Ð¸ÑÐ°Ð½Ð°Â  ÑÐ°Ð·ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐºÐ° ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÑÐµÑÑÐ° Ð¸Ð·Ð³Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð´ÐµÑÐ°Ð»Ð¸ Â«ÐÑÑÐ»ÐºÐ° Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð¼ÐµÐ¶ÑÑÐ¾ÑÐ½Ð°ÑÂ» Ð² ÑÑÐ»Ð¾Ð²Ð¸ÑÑ ÑÑÐµÐ´Ð½ÐµÑÐµÑÐ¸Ð¹Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð¸Ð·Ð²Ð¾Ð´ÑÑÐ²Ð° Ð¸ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÑÑÐµÐ½Ñ Ð²ÑÐµ Ð½ÐµÐ¾Ð±ÑÐ¾Ð´Ð¸Ð¼ÑÐµ Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð½ÑÐµ Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑÐ°Ð·ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐºÐ¸ ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¿Ð»ÐµÐºÑÐ° ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ð¹ Ð´Ð¾ÐºÑÐ¼ÐµÐ½ÑÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¸.Â  ÐÐ¾ Ð²ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¾Ð¼ ÑÐ°Ð·Ð´ÐµÐ»Ðµ Ð±ÑÐ»Ð¸ ÑÐ¿ÑÐ¾ÐµÐºÑÐ¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ñ ÑÐµÐ¶ÑÑÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¸Ð½ÑÑÑÑÐ¼ÐµÐ½Ñ ÑÐ»Ð¾Ð¶Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¸Ð»Ñ -Â  ÑÐ°ÑÐ¾Ð½Ð½ÑÐ¹ ÑÐµÐ·ÐµÑ. Ð ÑÑÐµÑÑÐµÐ¼ ÑÐ°Ð·Ð´ÐµÐ»Ðµ, Ð¸ÑÑÐ¾Ð´Ñ Ð¸Ð· Ð·Ð°Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ Ð¾Ð¿ÐµÑÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¸, Ð±ÑÐ»Ð¾ ÑÐ¿ÑÐ¾ÐµÐºÑÐ¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¾ ÑÑÑÐ°Ð½Ð¾Ð²Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¾-Ð·Ð°Ð¶Ð¸Ð¼Ð½Ð¾Ðµ Ð¿ÑÐ¸ÑÐ¿Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð±Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑÑÐµÐ·ÐµÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð¿Ð°Ð·Ð°.
description: The first section of this work describes step-by-step the development of the manufacturing process for the "Intermediate Bushing" part in medium-volume production conditions and obtains all the data necessary for developing a set of technological documentation. In the second section, a cutting tool of a complex profile - a shaped cutter - was designed. In the third section, based on the specified operation, a mounting and clamping device for milling a groove was designed.
Spin Hall Effect in p-type Semiconductors
Creators: name: Murakami, Shuichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spin Hall effect is a phenomenon of inducing spin current by an external electric field. We recently proposed that this effect can occur in p-type semiconductors without relying upon any disorder scattering [S. Murakami et al., Science 301, 1348 (2003)]. This intrinsic effect is due to the ``Berry phase in momentum space'', representing topological structure of the Bloch band structure. We explain how the Berry phase brings about the spin Hall effect, and review several interesting aspects of this effect
description: 6 pages, 1 figure, prepared for Proceedings of International Symposium on Mesoscopic Superconductivity and Spintronics 2004 (Atsugi, Japan, March 1-4, 2004)
Additional file 1 of Subtype-specific differences in Gag-protease replication capacity of HIV-1 isolates from East and West Africa
Creators: name: Omotayo Farinre
name: Gounder, Kamini
name: Tarylee Reddy
name: Tongo, Marcel
name: Hare, Jonathan
name: Chaplin, Beth
name: Gilmour, Jill
name: Kanki, Phyllis
name: Mann, Jaclyn K.
name: Ndung’u, Thumbi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 1. Additional tables and figure.
Superconducting states in the tetrahedral compound PrOs4Sb12
Creators: name: Sergienko, I. A.
name: Curnoe, S. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We find possible superconducting states for tetrahedral (Th) symmetry crystals with strong spin-orbit coupling using Landau theory. Additional symmetry breaking within the superconducting state is considered. We discuss nodes of the gap functions for the different states, secondary superconducting order parameters and coupling to the elastic strain. By comparing our results to experiments, we find that superconductivity in PrOs4Sb12 is best described by the three-dimensional representations of point group Th.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures. Expanded version submitted to Physical Review B
Analytical Boundary-Based Method for Diffraction Calculations
Creators: name: Luz, Eitam
name: Granot, Er'el
name: Malomed, Boris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a simple method for calculation of diffraction effects in a beam passing an aperture. It follows the well-known approach of Miyamoto and Wolf, but is simpler and does not lead to singularities. It is thus shown that in the near-field region, i.e., at short propagation distances, most results depend on values of the beam's field at the aperture's boundaries, making it possible to derive diffraction effects in the form of a simple contour integral over the boundaries. For a uniform, i.e., plane-wave incident beam, the contour integral predicts the diffraction effects exactly. Comparisons of the analytical method and full numerical solutions demonstrate highly accurate agreement between them.
description: To be published in Journal of Optics
A Theory of Errors in Quantum Measurement
Creators: name: Rajeev, S. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is common to model random errors in a classical measurement by the normal (Gaussian) distribution, because of the central limit theorem. In the quantum theory, the analogous hypothesis is that the matrix elements of the error in an observable are distributed normally. We obtain the probability distribution this implies for the outcome of a measurement, exactly for the case of 2x2 matrices and in the steepest descent approximation in general. Due to the phenomenon of `level repulsion', the probability distributions obtained are quite different from the Gaussian.
description: Based on talk at "Spacetime and Fundamental Interactions: Quantum Aspects" A conference to honor A. P. Balachandran's 65th Birthday
A Random Shuffle Method to Expand a Narrow Dataset and Overcome the Associated Challenges in a Clinical Study: A Heart Failure Cohort Example
Creators: name: Fassina, Lorenzo
name: Faragli, Alessandro
name: Muzio, Francesco Paolo Lo
name: Kelle, Sebastian
name: Campana, Carlo
name: Pieske, Burkert
name: Edelmann, Frank
name: Alogna, Alessio
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: random shuffle
subject: missing data
subject: narrow dataset cardinality
subject: data science
subject: heart failure
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Heart failure (HF) affects at least 26 million people worldwide, so predicting adverse events in HF patients represents a major target of clinical data science. However, achieving large sample sizes sometimes represents a challenge due to difficulties in patient recruiting and long follow-up times, increasing the problem of missing data. To overcome the issue of a narrow dataset cardinality (in a clinical dataset, the cardinality is the number of patients in that dataset), population-enhancing algorithms are therefore crucial. The aim of this study was to design a random shuffle method to enhance the cardinality of an HF dataset while it is statistically legitimate, without the need of specific hypotheses and regression models. The cardinality enhancement was validated against an established random repeated-measures method with regard to the correctness in predicting clinical conditions and endpoints. In particular, machine learning and regression models were employed to highlight the benefits of the enhanced datasets. The proposed random shuffle method was able to enhance the HF dataset cardinality (711 patients before dataset preprocessing) circa 10 times and circa 21 times when followed by a random repeated-measures approach. We believe that the random shuffle method could be used in the cardiovascular field and in other data science problems when missing data and the narrow dataset cardinality represent an issue.
Additional file 1 of Risk aversion, trust in institutions and contingent valuation of healthcare services: trying to explain the WTA-WTP gap in the Dutch population
Creators: name: Martín-Fernández, Jesús
name: López-Nicolás, Ángel
name: Oliva-Moreno, Juan
name: Medina-Palomino, Héctor
name: Polentinos-Castro, Elena
name: Ariza-Cardiel, Gloria
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Clinical scenarios and questions to elicit Willingness to pay and Willingness to accept.
Giant planet occurrence within 0.2 AU of low-luminosity red giant branch stars with K2
Creators: name: Grunblatt, Samuel K.
name: Huber, Daniel
name: Gaidos, Eric
name: Hon, Marc
name: Zinn, Joel C.
name: Stello, Dennis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Every Sun-like star will eventually evolve into a red giant, a transition which can profoundly affect the evolution of a surrounding planetary system. The timescale of dynamical planet evolution and orbital decay has important implications for planetary habitability, as well as post-main sequence star and planet interaction, evolution and internal structure. Here, we investigate these effects by estimating planet occurrence around 2476 low-luminosity red giant branch (LLRGB) stars observed by the NASA K2 mission. We measure stellar masses and radii using asteroseismology, with median random uncertainties of 3.7% in mass and 2.2% in radius. We compare this planet population to the known population of planets around dwarf Sun-like stars, accounting for detection efficiency differences between the stellar populations. We find that 0.51% +/- 0.29% of LLRGB stars host planets larger than Jupiter with orbital periods less than 10 days, tentatively higher than main sequence stars hosting similar planets (0.15% +/- 0.06%). Our results suggest that the effects of stellar evolution on the occurrence of close-in planets larger than Jupiter is not significant until stars have begun ascending substantially up the red giant branch (>~ 5-6 Rsun).
description: 15 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ, please email sgrunblatt@amnh.org for complete machine-readable version of Table 1
Distances on Cosmological Scales with VLTI
Creators: name: Karovska, Margarita
name: Elvis, Martin
name: Marengo, Massimo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present here a new method using interferometric measurements of quasars, that allows the determination of direct geometrical distances on cosmic scales. Quasar Broad Emission Line Regions sizes provide a "meter rule" with which to measure the metric of the Universe. This method is less dependent of model assumptions, and even of variations in the fundamental constants (other than c). We discuss the spectral and spatial requirements on the VLTI observations needed to carry out these measurements.
description: 6 pages, 2 postscript figures, to appear in the proceedings of the JENAM 2002 Workshop WS-VLTI "The Very Large Telescope Interferometer: Challenges for the Future", Editors: P.J.V. Garcia, A. Glindemann, Th. Henning, F. Malbet, Ap&SS, Kluwer, in press
Additional file 3 of Total healthcare costs of deinstitutionalized long-term care provision in the Netherlands: an instrumental variable analysis
Creators: name: Wackers, Erik M. E.
name: Kruse, Florien M.
name: Berden, Hubert J. J. M.
name: van Dulmen, Simone A.
name: Stadhouders, Niek W.
name: Jeurissen, Patrick P. T.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 3.
Ganeria falklandica Gray 1847
Creators: name: Jangoux, Michel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Echinodermata
Asteroidea
Valvatida
Ganeriidae
Ganeria
Ganeria falklandica

description: papillosa Perrier, 1891 Ganeria
Ganeria papillosa Perrier, 1891: 121, pl. 12, fig 1a-b.
Ganeria falklandica ‒ Clark 1993: 201.
CURRENT STATUS. — Ganeria falklandica Gray, 1847.
TYPE MATERIAL. — Tierra del Fuego Archipelago • holotype. Orange Bay; Cape Horn expedition; 1882-1883; MNHN- IE-2014-75.
description: Published as part of Jangoux, Michel, 2022, The type specimens of extant asteroids (Echinodermata) in the Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle of Paris, pp. 259-334 in Zoosystema 44 (11) on page 305, DOI: 10.5252/zoosystema2022v44a11, http://zenodo.org/record/6616817
Searching for Anomalies over Composite Hypotheses
Creators: name: Hemo, Bar
name: Gafni, Tomer
name: Cohen, Kobi
name: Zhao, Qing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The problem of detecting anomalies in multiple processes is considered. We consider a composite hypothesis case, in which the measurements drawn when observing a process follow a common distribution with an unknown parameter (vector), whose value lies in normal or abnormal parameter spaces, depending on its state. The objective is a sequential search strategy that minimizes the expected detection time subject to an error probability constraint. We develop a deterministic search algorithm with the following desired properties. First, when no additional side information on the process states is known, the proposed algorithm is asymptotically optimal in terms of minimizing the detection delay as the error probability approaches zero. Second, when the parameter value under the null hypothesis is known and equal for all normal processes, the proposed algorithm is asymptotically optimal as well, with better detection time determined by the true null state. Third, when the parameter value under the null hypothesis is unknown, but is known to be equal for all normal processes, the proposed algorithm is consistent in terms of achieving error probability that decays to zero with the detection delay. Finally, an explicit upper bound on the error probability under the proposed algorithm is established for the finite sample regime. Extensive experiments on synthetic dataset and DARPA intrusion detection dataset are conducted, demonstrating strong performance of the proposed algorithm over existing methods.
description: 42 pages, 6 figures
Supplementary document for Efficient FMT Reconstruction Based on L₁-αL₂ Regularization via Half Quadratic Splitting and Two-Probes Separation Light Source Strategy - 6394780.pdf
Creators: name: Luo, Xiaoli
name: Ren, Qianqian
name: Zhang, Heng
name: Chen, Cheng
name: Yang, Tao
name: He, Xiaowei
name: Zhao, Wu
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supplemental Document
Criminal Copyright Infringement: Forms, Extent, and Prosecution in the United States
Creators: name: Vasiu, Ioana
name: Vasiu, Lucian
Publisher: name: University of Bologna Law Review
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Copyright; Criminal Infringement; Streaming; Cyberlocker; Peer-to-Peer
subject: K14; K42; O34

description: This article highlights the importance of copyright industries for the developed economies and argues that criminal copyright infringement is a widespread offense, producing major economic losses for stakeholders, negatively impacting creativity, and raising significant cybersecurity and rule of law concerns. The article explains why there is a need for criminal protection of copyright protection and outlines the U.S. framework. In a comprehensive approach, based on a large corpus of data, consisting of cases brought to federal courts, in violation of Section 506 of Title 17 of the U.S. Code, and press releases and reports by law enforcement and industry groups, Section 3 describes the forms and extent of the phenomenon. Section 4 discusses essential aspects involved in the prosecution of these cases. Based on the number of cases brought to courts versus the criminal copyright infringing reports and estimates, the article concludes that this criminal phenomenon is significantly under-prosecuted and proposes a number of measures that could improve the criminal protection of copyrighted works.
description: University of Bologna Law Review, Vol 4, No 2 (2019)
Additional file 1 of Intergenic RNA mainly derives from nascent transcripts of known genes
Creators: name: Agostini, Federico
name: Zagalak, Julian
name: Attig, Jan
name: Ule, Jernej
name: Luscombe, Nicholas M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1. Integrated supplementary Figures and Tables. Contains figures from S1 to S5 and tables from S1 to S4.
A short account of a connection of Power Laws to the Information Entropy
Creators: name: Dover, Yaniv
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the formalism of 'Maximum Principle of Shannon's Entropy' to derive the general power law distribution function, using what seems to be a reasonable physical assumption, namely, the demand of a constant mean "internal order" (Boltzmann Entropy) of a complex, self interacting, self organized system. Since the Shannon entropy is equivalent to the Boltzmann's entropy under equilibrium, non interacting conditions, we interpret this result as the complex system making use of its intra-interactions and its non equilibrium in order to keep the equilibrium Boltzmann's entropy constant on the average, thus enabling it an advantage at surviving over less ordered systems, i.e. hinting towards an "Evolution of Structure". We then demonstrate the formalism using a toy model to explain the power laws observed in Cities' populations and show how Zipf's law comes out as a natural special point of the model. We also suggest further directions of theory.
description: 7 pages, no figures, accepted for publication in "Physica A"
Additional file 2 of Total healthcare costs of deinstitutionalized long-term care provision in the Netherlands: an instrumental variable analysis
Creators: name: Wackers, Erik M. E.
name: Kruse, Florien M.
name: Berden, Hubert J. J. M.
name: van Dulmen, Simone A.
name: Stadhouders, Niek W.
name: Jeurissen, Patrick P. T.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 2.
Additional file 2 of Intergenic RNA mainly derives from nascent transcripts of known genes
Creators: name: Agostini, Federico
name: Zagalak, Julian
name: Attig, Jan
name: Ule, Jernej
name: Luscombe, Nicholas M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2. Review history.