cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Discourse Strategies for Using Natural-Language Text
Creators: name: McKeown, Kathleen
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1985
Subjects: Computer science
Artificial intelligence

description: If a generation system is to produce text in response to a given communicative goal, it must be able to determine what to include in its text and how to organize this information so that it can be easily understood. In this paper, a computational model of discourse strategies is presented that can be used to guide the generation process in its decisions about what to say next. The model is based on an analysis of naturally occurring texts and represents strategies that can be used for three communicative goals: define, compare, and describe. We show how this model has been implemented in TEXT, a system which generates paragraph-length responses to questions about database structure.
Partition Sort Revisited: Reconfirming the Robustness in Average Case and much more!
Creators: name: Singh, Niraj Kumar
name: Pal, Mita
name: Chakraborty, Soubhik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: B.2.4
subject: 68U20

description: In our previous work there was some indication that Partition Sort could be having a more robust average case O(nlogn) complexity than the popular Quick Sort. In our first study in this paper, we reconfirm this through computer experiments for inputs from Cauchy distribution for which expectation theoretically does not exist. Additionally, the algorithm is found to be sensitive to parameters of the input probability distribution demanding further investigation on parameterized complexity. The results on this algorithm for Binomial inputs in our second study are very encouraging in that direction.
description: 8 pages
Colorado water, August 1995
Creators: name: Brady, Cindy
name: Eyre, Julie
name: Marsh, Jill
name: Klein, Kathleen
name: Williams, David
name: Miller, Shirley
name: Colorado Water Resources Research Institute, Publisher
Publisher: name: Mountain Scholar
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Water resources development -- Colorado
subject: Water use -- Colorado
subject: Water-supply -- Colorado
subject: Water-supply -- Management -- Colorado

description: The scope of the newsletter is devoted to enhancing communication between Colorado water users and managers and faculty at the research universities in the state.
description: Newsletter of the Colorado Water Resources Research Institute.
Location of upper borders of cavities containing dust and gas under pressure in comets
Creators: name: Ipatov, Sergei I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The distance between the pre-impact surface of Comet 9P/Tempel 1 and the upper border of the largest cavity excavated during ejection of material after the collision of the impact module of the Deep Impact spacecraft with the comet is estimated to be about 5-6 metres if the diameter of the DI transient crater was about 150-200 m. The estimated distance was 4 m at the diameter was 100 m. This result suggests that cavities containing dust and gas under pressure located a few metres below surfaces of comets can be frequent.
description: Monthly Notices of Royal Astronomical Society, 2012, in press, 7 pages
SensApp_Deliverable_D3.2_Design and fabrication of the integrated pyroelectric source
Creators: name: Yufeng Nie
name: Ottevaere, Heidi
name: Schwodiauer, Reinhard
name: Rega, Romina
name: Itri, Simona
name: Tkachenko, Volodymyr
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: pyroelectric source, design , fabrication

description: Design and fabrication of the integrated pyroelectric source
Additional file 1 of Overproducing the BAM complex improves secretion of difficult-to-secrete recombinant autotransporter chimeras
Creators: name: Phan, Trang H.
name: Kuijl, Coen
name: Huynh, Dung T.
name: Jong, Wouter S. P.
name: Luirink, Joen
name: van Ulsen, Peter
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Plot of the growth curves of BL21 DE3 expressing either HbpD-ESAT6, HbpD-ELL alone or together with BAM from pJH114. Figure S2. Fluorescence image of a semi-native SDS-PAGE gel with samples of cultures co-expressing HbpD-SpT2, HbpD-SpT2-LL or HbpD-SpT2-LL with BAM that were incubated with SpC2-mScarlet or not to allow for coupling of the fluorescent protein to the HbpD-SpT2 variants exposed on the cell surface.
Cocalibrated structures on Lie algebras with a codimension one Abelian ideal
Creators: name: Freibert, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C25 (primary), 53C15, 53C30 (secondary)

description: Cocalibrated G_2-structures and cocalibrated G_2^*-structures are the natural initial values for Hitchin's evolution equations whose solutions define (pseudo)-Riemannian manifolds with holonomy group contained in Spin(7) or Spin_0(3,4), respectively. In this article, we classify which seven-dimensional real Lie algebras with a codimension one Abelian ideal admit such structures. Moreover, we classify the seven-dimensional complex Lie algebras with a codimension one Abelian ideal which admit cocalibrated (G_2)_C-structures.
description: 18 pages, v2: typos corrected
An Object Model for Shared Data
Creators: name: Kaiser, Gail E.
name: Hailpern, Brent
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1989
Subjects: Computer science

description: The classical object model supports private data within objects and clean interfaces among objects, and by definition does not permit sharing of data among arbitrary objects. This is a problem for certain real-world applications, where the same data logically belongs 10 multiple objects and may be distributed over multiple nodes on the network. Rather than give up the advantages of encapsulated objects in modeling real-world entities, we propose a new object model that supports shared data in a distributed environment. The key is separating distribution of computation units from information hiding concerns. We introduce our new object model, describe a motivating example from the financial services domain, and then present a new language, PROFIT, based on the model.
Buildings with a corner timbered-framework. Thermal performance improvement of external walls and roof
Creators: name: Chądzyński, Andrzej
name: Piróg, Marek
Publisher: name: Faculty of Architecture, Wrocław University of Technology, Wrocław
Year: 2018
Subjects: corner timbered-framework construction, thermal performance improvement

description: ARCHITECTUS; ISSN 1429-7507
Targeting the platelet-activating factor receptor (PAF-R): antithrombotic and anti-atherosclerotic nutrients
Creators: name: Harishkumar, Rajendran
name: Hans, Sakshi
name: Stanton, Janelle
name: Grabrucker, Andreas
name: Lordan, Ronan
name: ZABETAKIS, IOANNIS
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Engineering
subject: Health sciences
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Platelet-activating factor (PAF) is a lipid mediator that interacts with its receptor (PAF-R) to carry out cell signalling. However, under certain conditions the binding of PAF to PAF-R leads to the activation of pro-inflammatory and prothrombotic pathways that have been implicated in the onset and development of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and inflammatory diseases. Over the past four decades, research has focused on the identification and development of PAF-R antagonists that target these inflammatory diseases. Research has also shown that dietary factors such as polar lipids, polyphenols, and other nutrient constituents may affect PAF metabolism and PAF-R function through various mechanisms. In this review we focus on the inhibition of PAF-R and how this may contribute to reducing cardiovascular disease risk. We conclude that further development of PAF-R inhibitors and human studies are required to investigate how modulation of the PAF-R may prevent the development of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and may lead to the development of novel therapeutics.
Deriving Utility from a Self-Healing Benchmark Report
Creators: name: Virmani, Ritika
name: Griffith, Rean
name: Kaiser, Gail E.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2006
Subjects: Computer science

description: Autonomic systems, specifically self-healing systems, currently lack an objective and relevant methodology for their evaluation. Due to their focus on problem detection, diagnosis and remediation any evaluation methodology should facilitate an objective evaluation and/or comparison of these activities. Measures of "raw" performance are easily quantified and hence facilitate measurement and comparison on the basis of numbers. However, classifying a system better at problem detection, diagnosis and remediation purely on the basis of performance measures is not useful. The proposed evaluation methodology devised will differ from traditional benchmarks, which are primarily concerned with measures of performance. In order to develop this methodology we rely on a set of experiments which will enable us to compare the self-healing capabilities of one system versus another. As currently we do not have available "real" self-healing systems, we will simulate the behavior of some target self-healing systems, system faults and the operational and repair activities of target systems. Further, we will use the results derived from the simulation experiments to answer questions relevant to the utility of a benchmark report.
A Generalization of Band Joins and the Merge-Purge Problem
Creators: name: Hernandez, Mauricio A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1995
Subjects: Computer science

description: The problem of merging multiple databases of information about common entities is frequently encountered in large commercial and government organizations. The problem we study is often called the Merge/Purge problem and is difficult to solve both in scale and accuracy. Large repositories of data always have numerous duplicate information entries about the same entities that are difficult to cull together without an intelligent "equational theory" that identifies equivalent items by a complex, domain dependent matching process. We have developed a system for accomplishing this task for lists of names of potential customers in a direct marketing-type application. Our results for statistically generated data are shown to be accurate and effective when processing the data multiple times using different keys for sorting. The system provides a rule programming module that is easy to program and quite good at finding duplicates especially in an environment with massive amounts of data.
Additional file 1 of Facilitators and barriers for the implementation of telemedicine from a local government point of view - a cross-sectional survey in Germany
Creators: name: Weißenfeld, Maja Maria
name: Goetz, Katja
name: Steinhäuser, Jost
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1. : Questionnaire, English version.
Diagnosis and valorisation of natural values of rural areas based on the example of the Mełgiew as an element of the sustainability development process
Creators: name: Szefler, Sylwia
Publisher: name: Faculty of Architecture, Wrocław University of Technology, Wrocław
Year: 2018
Subjects: Mełgiew commune, spatial planning, nature evaluation

description: ARCHITECTUS; ISSN 1429-7507
Stuttering Min oscillations within E. coli bacteria: A stochastic polymerization model
Creators: name: Sengupta, Supratim
name: Derr, Julien
name: Sain, Anirban
name: Rutenberg, Andrew D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Subcellular Processes (q-bio.SC)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have developed a 3D off-lattice stochastic polymerization model to study subcellular oscillation of Min proteins in the bacteria Escherichia coli, and used it to investigate the experimental phenomenon of Min oscillation stuttering. Stuttering was affected by the rate of immediate rebinding of MinE released from depolymerizing filament tips (processivity), protection of depolymerizing filament tips from MinD binding, and fragmentation of MinD filaments due to MinE. Each of processivity, protection, and fragmentation reduces stuttering, speeds oscillations, and reduces MinD filament lengths. Neither processivity or tip-protection were, on their own, sufficient to produce fast stutter-free oscillations. While filament fragmentation could, on its own, lead to fast oscillations with infrequent stuttering; high levels of fragmentation degraded oscillations. The infrequent stuttering observed in standard Min oscillations are consistent with short filaments of MinD, while we expect that mutants that exhibit higher stuttering frequencies will exhibit longer MinD filaments. Increased stuttering rate may be a useful diagnostic to find observable MinD polymerization in experimental conditions.
description: 21 pages, 7 figures, missing unit for k_f inserted
Looking Into Your Eyes, I See Myself
Creators: name: Lopez, Avril Edelmira
Publisher: name: Arts
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Creative Writing
subject: childhood memories
subject: fairy tales
subject: research creation
subject: trauma
subject: drawing
subject: performance art
subject: sculpture
subject: installation art
subject: Fine Arts
subject: Education--Language and Literature
subject: Mental Health
subject: Psychology--Behavioral

description: My thesis support paper consists of a five-chapter fairy tale in a fantasy setting with parable elements. Each chapter represents a different stage of research during my journey through the master’s program. Via personal metaphors, mischievous iconographies, and childhood experiences, I traverse my psyche finding ways to cope with my childlike self / past and my adult self / present. By creating visual and written stories, I aim to develop a thesis support paper in a playful and creative writing style that both compliments the object of the artwork (a child) and contrasts the subject of the research (childhood memory, trauma, and family relationships). This research helped me to discover a fascinating connection between making art and the process of healing or therapy. It is important for me to share my story and my healing process with viewers through this exhibition that documents my journey. Hopefully, viewers reflect upon their own stories, and are moved to find their own ways of creating a better ending for themselves. I experienced emotional and mental growth during the process of disclosing these memories through the works and this paper. I hope that I have offered an opportunity for my community to engage in a broader conversation about the significance of childhood memories and mental health.
Overview of open data in Croatia available for use in the sector of agriculture
Creators: name: Salamon, Dragica
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: open data
interdisciplinary
digital agriculture
evaluation

description: The aim was to provide an overview of open data in Croatia available for commercial and non- commercial use in the agriculture sector. On-line available source and data providers were examined as well as legal, strategical, technical and infrastructural opportunities of use and data providing. Open data useful for sector of agriculture (geolocation, transport, meteorological, environmental…) is made available by public institutions for commercial and non- commercial use in order to provide added value and economical gain. Open data portal of the Republic of Croatia, provides access to data from different thematic areas: social (96 sets), finances (48), environment (42), politics (41), education and communication (39), agriculture, forestry and fishery (33), law (16), employment (13), business (13), transportation (12 data sets). Data sets provided from the agricultural sector are all (except the Farm register) provided by the Croatian bureau of statistics. Predominately that data is pre-analysed and with limited re-usability. It can be concluded that the agenda of open and transparent data in agricultural planning, production and research in Croatia has a lot of perspective for development and is aching for interdisciplinary approach.
description: pp.31-32
An Overview of the Isochronets Architecture for High Speed Networks
Creators: name: Yemini, Yechiam
name: Florissi, Danilo
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1995
Subjects: Computer science

description: This paper overviews a novel switching architecture for high-speed networks: Isochronets. Isochronets time-divide network bandwidth among routing trees. Traffic moves down a routing tree to the root during its time band. Network functions such as routing and flow control are entirely governed by band timers and require no processing of frame headers bits. Frame motions need not be delayed for switch processing, allowing Isochronets to scale over a large spectrum of transmission speeds and support all-optical implementations. The network functions as a media-access layer that can support multiple framing protocols simultaneously, handled by higher layers at the periphery. Internetworking is reduced to a simple media-layer bridging. Isochronets provide flexible quality of service control and multicasting through allocation of bands to routing trees. They can be tuned to span a spectrum of performance behaviors outperforming both circuit or packet switching.
Tutoring That Responds to User Questions and Provides Enrichment
Creators: name: Wolz, Ursula
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1988
Subjects: Computer science

description: An aspect of human tutoring that epitomizes individualized instruction, is the ability to take advantage of a situation to teach something new. This type of tutoring can be characterized as enrichment as opposed to tutoring that is in response to a particular need. At Columbia, we have developed a model for consulting in interactive environments that permits answers to queries to be both in response to a user's questions and as enrichment. Our demonstration system GENIE (Generated Explanations for Consulting in Interactive Environments) produces answers in the domain of Berkeley Unix Mail. Our emphasis is on skill rather than factual acquisition. Consequently, GENIE is able to answer questions about alternative plans for goals, and whether plans satisfy goals. We abandon stereotypes of both functionality and expertise, and choose the best plan for a goal based on the current context and what the user has previously done. Four tutoring strategies are used both in response and as enrichment. They are reminding, introducing, clarifying distinctions and elucidating misconceptions.
On the Wake Structure in Streaming Complex Plasmas
Creators: name: Ludwig, Patrick
name: Miloch, Wojciech J.
name: Kählert, Hanno
name: Bonitz, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The theoretical description of complex (dusty) plasmas requires multiscale concepts that adequately incorporate the correlated interplay of streaming electrons and ions, neutrals, and dust grains. Knowing the effective dust-dust interaction, the multiscale problem can be effectively reduced to a one-component plasma model of the dust subsystem. The goal of the present publication is a systematic evaluation of the electrostatic potential distribution around a dust grain in the presence of a streaming plasma environment by means of two complementary approaches: (i) a high precision computation of the dynamically screened Coulomb potential from the dynamic dielectric function, and (ii) full 3D particle-in-cell simulations, which self-consistently include dynamical grain charging and non-linear effects. The applicability of these two approaches is addressed.
Additional file 2 of Population genomics reveal rapid genetic differentiation in a recently invasive population of Rattus norvegicus
Creators: name: Chen, Yi
name: Zhao, Lei
name: Teng, Huajing
name: Shi, Chengmin
name: Liu, Quansheng
name: Zhang, Jianxu
name: Zhang, Yaohua
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2: Figure S1. Tree topology inferred from TreeMix with m = 1 (a) and m = 2 (b). Group IDs correspond to those in Fig. 1. Figure S2. Detection of genetic mixture across all subgroups. Significance of 3 Population Test (Z) represents whether the corresponding subgroup (on Y axis) is of mixed ancestry of other subgroups. Each dot indicates the Z score of a test between the target subgroup and every pair of other subgroups. Positive value suggests a result of unadmixed. All the groups were showed with only positive values, suggesting a relatively unadmixed relationship to other subgroups. Group IDs correspond to those in Fig. 1.
Towards More Graceful Interaction: A Survey of Question-Answering Programs
Creators: name: Paris, Cecile L.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1985
Subjects: Computer science
Artificial intelligence

description: One of the aims of Natural Language Processing (NLP) is to facilitate the use of computers by allowing users to interact with systems in natural language. Since such interactions often take the form of question-answering sessions, the process of question-answering is an important part of NLP. In this paper, we are concerned with the progress made towards building question-answering systems which are natural and satisfying to users, allowing them to express themselves freely and answering questions appropriately. Such systems are said to provide graceful interaction. We survey the evolution of question-answering programs, presenting steps and approaches that have been taken towards providing graceful man-machine interaction, and pointing out efficiencies of existing programs and theories. Our emphasis is on the various issues and difficulties encountered in building a user-friendly question-answering program.
Zukunftsfragen ländlicher Räume. Was kann Citizen Science leisten?
Creators: name: Göbel, Claudia
name: Richter, Anett
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Citizen Science; rural development; education; citizen social science; citizen humanities; crowdsourcing; participatory research

description: Dieser Vortrag wurde auf der 3. Bildungskonferenz des Landkreises Miltenberg zum Thema "Offen.Beteiligt.Digital - Bürgerforschung und die Bildung der Zukunft" gehalten.
Separable Image Warping with Spatial Lookup Tables
Creators: name: Wolberg, George
name: Boult, Terrance E.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1989
Subjects: Computer science

description: Image warping refers to the 2-D resampling of a source image onto a target image. In the general case, this requires costly 2-D filtering operations. Simplifications are possible when the warp can be expressed as a cascade of orthogonall-D transformations. In these cases, separable transformations have been introduced to realize large performance gains. The central ideas in this area were formulated in the 2-pass algorithm by Catmull and Smith. Although that method applies over an important class of transformations, there are intrinsic problems which limit its usefulness. The goal of this work is to extend the 2-pass approach to handle arbitrary spatial mapping functions. We address the difficulties intrinsic to 2-pass scanline algorithms: bottlenecking, foldovers, and the lack of closed-form inverse solutions. These problems are shown to be resolved in a general, efficient, separable technique, with graceful degradation for transformations of increasing complexity.
Parity quantum numbers in the Density Matrix Renormalization Group
Creators: name: Tzeng, Yu-Chin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In strongly correlated systems, numerical algorithms taking parity quantum numbers into account are used not only for accelerating computation by reducing the Hilbert space but also for particular manipulations such as the Level Spectroscopy (LS) method. By comparing energy difference between different parity quantum numbers, the LS method is a crucial technique used in identifying quantum critical points of Gaussian and Berezinsky-Kosterlitz-Thouless (BKT) type quantum phase transitions. These transitions that occur in many one-dimensional systems are usually difficult to study numerically. Although the LS method is an effective strategy to locate critical points, it has been lacked an algorithm that can manage large systems with parity quantum numbers. Here a new parity Density Matrix Renormalization Group (DMRG) algorithm is discussed. The LS method is the first time performed by DMRG in the S=2 XXZ spin chain with uniaxial anisotropy. Quantum critical points of BKT and Gaussian transitions can be located well. Thus, the LS method becomes a very powerful tool for BKT and Gaussian transitions. In addition, Oshikawa's conjecture in 1992 on the presence of an intermediate phase in the present model is the first time supported by DMRG.
description: 7 pages, 8 figures, 2 tables, to be published in Phys. Rev. B
Additional file 1 of Novel nanoformulation of disulfiram with bacterially synthesized copper oxide nanoparticles for augmenting anticancer activity: an in vitro study
Creators: name: Abu‑Serie, Marwa M.
name: Eltarahony, Marwa
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Zetasizer-generated data for CuO NPs and DS–CuO NPs. a Size of CuO NPs and DS–CuO NPs. b Zeta potential of CuO NPs and DS–CuO NPs.
Mass Loss, Destruction and Detection of Sun-grazing and -impacting Cometary Nuclei
Creators: name: Brown, J. C.
name: Potts, H. E.
name: Porter, L. J.
name: Chat, G. le
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: [Abridged] Sun-grazing comets almost never re-emerge, but their sublimative destruction near the sun has only recently been observed directly, while chromospheric impacts have not yet been seen, nor impact theory developed. Employing simple analytic models to describe comet destruction near the Sun and to enable the estimation of observable signatures, we find analytic solutions for the mass as a function of distance from the Sun, for insolation sublimation, impact ablation and explosion. Sun-grazers are found to fall into three regimes based on initial mass and perihelion: sublimation-, ablation-, and explosion-dominated. Most sun-grazers are destroyed sublimatively, and our analytic results are similar to numerical models. Larger masses (>10^11g) with small perihelion (q<1.01Rsun) ablation dominates but results are sensitive to nucleus strength, Pc, and entry angle to the vertical, phi. Nuclei with initial mass >~10^10g (Pc/10^6 (dyne/cm^2) sec (phi))^3 are fully ablated before exploding, though the hot wake itself explodes. For most sun-impactors sec(phi)~1. For small perihelion the ablation regime applies to moderate masses ~10^13-16 g impactors unless Pc is very low. For higher masses, or smaller perihelia, nuclei reach higher densities where ram pressure causes catastrophic explosion. For perihelion < 1.01Rsun, initial mass > 10^11 g nuclei are destroyed by ablation or explosion (depending on phi and Pc) in the chromosphere, producing flare-like events with cometary abundance spectra. For all plausible masses and physical parameters, nuclei are destroyed above the photosphere.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures, Accepted A&A
Tractable Reasoning in Knowledge Representation Systems
Creators: name: Dalal, Mukesh
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1995
Subjects: Computer science

description: This document addresses some problems raised by the well-known intractability of deductive reasoning in even moderately expressive knowledge representation systems. Starting from boolean constraint propagation (BCP), a previously known linear-time incomplete reasoner for clausal propositional theories, we develop fact propagation (FP) to deal with non-clausal theories, after motivating the need for such an extension. FP is specified using a confluent rewriting systems, for which we present an algorithm that has quadratic-time complexity in general, but is still linear-time for clausal theories. FP is the only known tractable extension of BCP to non-clausal theories; we prove that it performs strictly more inferences than CNF-BCP, a previously-proposed extension of BCP to non-clausal theories. We generalize a refutation reasoner based on FP to a family of sound and tractable reasoners that are "increasingly complete" for propositional theories. These can be used for anytime reasoning, i.e. they provide partial answers even if they are stopped prematurely, and the "completeness" of the answer improves with the time used in computing it. A fixpoint construction based on FP gives an alternate characterization of the reasoners in this family, and is used to define a transformation of arbitrary theories into logically-equivalent "vivid" theories -- ones for which our FP algorithm is complete. Our final contribution is to the description of tractable classes of reasoning problems. Based on FP, we develop a new property, called bounded intricacy, which is shared by a variety of tractable classes that were previously presented, for example, in the areas of propositional satisfiability, constraint satisfaction, and OR-databases. Although proving bounded intricacy for these classes requires domain-specific techniques (which are based on the original tractability proofs), bounded intricacy is one more tool available for showing that a family of problems arising in some application is tractable. As we demonstrate in the case of constraint satisfaction and disjunctive logic programs, bounded intricacy can also be used to uncover new tractable classes.
Riding third : exploring the role of social work in ambulance work
Creators: name: Campbell, Hilary
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The research explains whether the creation of a new social work role would benefit situations in ambulance work, what this role would look like, and provides recommendations for the education of this position. An ethnographic study included semi-structured interviews, observations, and a collection of vignettes, with data collected over 300 hours while riding on ambulances in various locations. Data collected suggests that a social work role would provide needed psychosocial care during ambulance calls and would possess unique qualities and challenges from other traditional social work roles.
Agent-Based Simulation Models in Fisheries Science
Creators: name: Haase, Kevin
name: Reinhardt, Oliver
name: Lewin, Wolf-Christian
name: Weltersbach, Marc Simon
name: Strehlow, Harry V.
name: Uhrmacher, Adelinde M.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: The human dimension is one major source of uncertainty in the management of social-ecological systems such as fisheries. Agent-based models (ABMs) can help to reduce these uncertainties by making it possible to model and simulate human behavior. To understand how ABMs can be applied in fisheries science, a classification scheme was developed based on reviews in other social-ecological domains, theoretical frameworks, and documentation standards. This classification scheme was subsequently used to review agent-based simulation studies that modeled human decision-making in a fisheries context to identify trends and knowledge gaps. Applying the classification scheme revealed that the existing fisheries-related ABMs employ a variety of decision theories, policies, social interactions, agent memories, and data sources, and revealed a wide potential for applications of ABMs to a broad range of research questions and management recommendations. Nevertheless, it turned out that it is, so far, virtually unexplored how environmental factors influence fishing decisions or how social norms and learning influence fishing behavior. It also became clear that the documentation and provenance information of ABMs need to be improved – e.g., by applying standardized documentation procedures, such as ODD + D and TRACE – to enhance the credibility, transparency, and reusability of ABMs in fisheries science.
Handreichung Zukunftsfragen ländlicher Räume. Was kann Citizen Science leisten?
Creators: name: Richter, Anett
name: Göbel, Claudia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: Diese Handreichung gibt Hinweise auf Ressourcen zu Citizen Science, insbesondere Projekte und Plattformen (regional, national, internationale, global), Dienstleister und Ansprechpartner, Handreichungen & Handbücher zur Umsetzung von Vorhaben sowie Arbeitsgruppen zum Austauschen und Vernetzen. Sie wurde anlässlich des Vortrags "Zukunftsfragen ländlicher Räume. Was kann Citizen Science leisten?" http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4323290 erarbeitet.
Additional file 2 of Circulating extracellular vesicles during pregnancy in women with type 1 diabetes: a secondary analysis of the CONCEPTT trial
Creators: name: Abolbaghaei, Akram
name: Langlois, Marc-André
name: Murphy, Helen R
name: Feig, Denice S.
name: Burger, Dylan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2. List of members of the CONCEPTT Collaborative Group
Colorado water, April 2006
Creators: name: Blumanhourst, Gloria
name: Colorado Water Resources Research Institute, Publisher
Publisher: name: Mountain Scholar
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Water resources development -- Colorado
subject: Water use -- Colorado
subject: Water-supply -- Colorado
subject: Water-supply -- Management -- Colorado

description: The scope of the newsletter is devoted to enhancing communication between Colorado water users and managers and faculty at the research universities in the state.
description: Newsletter of the Water Center at Colorado State University.
Visual Analytics Framework for Exploring Uncertainty in Reservoir Models
Creators: name: Sahaf, Zahra
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Visual Analytics
subject: Mutual Information
subject: Ensembles
subject: Clustering
subject: Multi-dimensional Scaling
subject: Geological Realizations
subject: Computer Science

description: Uncertainty is related to poor knowledge of a phenomenon. In particular, geological uncertainty is an essential element that affects the prediction of hydrocarbon production. The standard approach to address the geological uncertainty is to generate a large number of random 3D geological models and then perform flow simulations for each of them. Such a bruteforce approach is not efficient as the flow simulations are computationally costly and as a result, domain experts cannot afford running a large number of simulations. Therefore, it is critically important to be able to address the uncertainty using a few geological models, which can reasonably represent the overall uncertainty of the ensemble. Our goal is to design and develop a visual analytics framework to filter the geological models and to only select models that can potentially cover the uncertain space. In this framework, a new block based approach is proposed using mutual information to calculate pair-wise distances between the 3D geological models. The calculated distances are then used within a clustering algorithm to group similar models. Cluster centers are the few representative models of the entire set of models that cover the uncertainty range. The whole framework is complimented by visual interactive tasks to be able to incorporate user's knowledge into the process and make the entire process more understandable. Finally, the framework is applied on many different case studies, and the results are evaluated by comparing with the existent brute force approach. In addition to that, the actual framework is evaluated in formal user study sessions with the domain experts in reservoir engineering and geoscience domain.
A new determination of the local dark matter density from the kinematics of K dwarfs
Creators: name: Garbari, Silvia
name: Liu, Chao
name: Read, Justin I.
name: Lake, George
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply a new method to determine the local disc matter and dark halo matter density to kinematic and position data for \sim2000 K dwarf stars taken from the literature. Our method assumes only that the disc is locally in dynamical equilibrium, and that the 'tilt' term in the Jeans equations is small up to \sim1 kpc above the plane. We present a new calculation of the photometric distances to the K dwarf stars, and use a Monte Carlo Markov Chain to marginalise over uncertainties in both the baryonic mass distribution, and the velocity and distance errors for each individual star. We perform a series of tests to demonstrate that our results are insensitive to plausible systematic errors in our distance calibration, and we show that our method recovers the correct answer from a dynamically evolved N-body simulation of the Milky Way. We find a local dark matter density of ρdm = 0.025+0.014-0.013 M\odotpc^{-3} (0.95+0.53-0.49 GeV cm^{-3}) at 90% confidence assuming no correction for the non-flatness of the local rotation curve, and ρdm = 0.022+0.015-0.013 M\odotpc^-3 (0.85+0.57-0.50 GeV cm^{-3}) if the correction is included. Our 90% lower bound on ρdm is larger than the canonical value typically assumed in the literature, and is at mild tension with extrapolations from the rotation curve that assume a spherical halo. Our result can be explained by a larger normalisation for the local Milky Way rotation curve, an oblate dark matter halo, a local disc of dark matter, or some combination of these.
description: 16 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
An Examination of the HEXACO Model of Personality in Alcohol Use Disorder, Cannabis Use Disorder, and Gambling Disorder
Creators: name: Rash, Christina Lee
Publisher: name: Arts
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Psychology--Personality

description: Research within the field of addictive behaviours has found that personality traits as measured by the Five Factor Model (FFM) of personality are predictive of engaging in substance use and gambling at problematic levels. However, the structure of the FFM has been criticized as being incomplete, with recent lexical studies identifying a sixth personality dimension. The aim of the present study was to examine this six-factor (HEXACO) model of personality in relation to disordered engagement in three addictive behaviours: alcohol (AUDs), cannabis (CUDs), and gambling (GDs). Four groups of participants (AUDs, CUDs, GDs, and healthy controls; N = 308) completed the 100-item HEXACO Personality Inventory-Revised. Scores on the six subscales (honesty-humility, emotionality, extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, and openness to experience) were compared across groups. Multinomial logistic regression analyses revealed lower levels of honesty-humility among AUDs and GDs and higher levels of openness among CUDs relative to control participants. AUDs and GDs also reported lower levels of honesty-humility when compared to CUDs. Results support the utility of the HEXACO model in the field of addictive behaviours and highlight the potential role of honesty-humility in the development and maintenance of substance use disorders and behavioural addictions.
Gauge invariance in Loop Quantum Cosmology : Hamilton-Jacobi and Mukhanov-Sasaki equations for scalar perturbations
Creators: name: Cailleteau, Thomas
name: Barrau, Aurelien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gauge invariance of scalar perturbations is studied together with the associated equations of motion. Extending methods developed in the framework of hamiltonian General Relativity, the Hamilton-Jacobi equation is investigated into the details in Loop Quantum Cosmology. The gauge-invariant observables are built and their equations of motions are reviewed both in Hamiltonian and Lagrangian approaches. This method is applied to scalar perturbations with either holonomy or inverse-volume corrections.
description: 16 pages
Additional file 1 of The relationship between test anxiety and emotion regulation: the mediating effect of psychological resilience
Creators: name: Liu, Yuguo
name: Pan, Haiyan
name: Yang, Runhuang
name: Wang, Xingjie
name: Rao, Jiawei
name: Zhang, Xingshan
name: Pan, Congcong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Prevalence of test anxiety among medical students (N = 1266).
Scaling laws for the response of nonlinear elastic media with implications for cell mechanics
Creators: name: Shokef, Yair
name: Safran, Samuel A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Cell Behavior (q-bio.CB)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We show how strain stiffening affects the elastic response to internal forces, caused either by material defects and inhomogeneities or by active forces that molecular motors generate in living cells. For a spherical force dipole in a material with a strongly nonlinear strain energy density, strains change sign with distance, indicating that even around a contractile inclusion or molecular motor there is radial compression; it is only at long distance that one recovers the linear response in which the medium is radially stretched. Scaling laws with irrational exponents relate the far-field renormalized strain to the near-field strain applied by the inclusion or active force.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, accepted to Physical Review Letters
Quasinormal frequencies and thermodynamic quantities for the Lifshitz black holes
Creators: name: Myung, Yun Soo
name: Moon, Taeyoon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We find the connection between thermodynamic quantities and quasinormal frequencies in Lifshitz black holes. It is shown that the globally stable Lifshitz black holes have pure imaginary quasinormal frequencies. We also show that by employing the Maggiore's method, both the horizon area and the entropy can be quantized for these black holes.
description: 21 pages, no figures, version to appear in PRD
MERCURY: Distributed Incremental Attribute Grammar Evaluation
Creators: name: Kaiser, Gail E.
name: Micallef, Josephine
name: Kaplan, Simon M.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1987
Subjects: Computer science

description: This technical report consists of the two most recent papers from the MERCURY project Multiuser, Distributed Language-Based Environments explains the application of incremental attribute grammar evaluation algorithms to generation of distributed programming environments and describes the implementation of the MERCURY system. Version and Configuration Control in Distributed Language-Based Environments presents new algorithms that permit MERCURY to support multiple versions and configurations of modules and to more efficiently propagate changes to aggregate attributes.
Complexity and tractability of the heat equation
Creators: name: Werschulz, Arthur G.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2006
Subjects: Computer science

description: In a previous paper, we developed a general framework for establishing tractability and strong tractability for quasilinear multivariate problems in the worst case setting. One important example of such a problem is the solution of the heat equation ut = ∆u − qu in Id × (0,T), where I is the unit inter- val and T is a maximum time value. This problem is to be solved subject to homogeneous Dirichlet boundary conditions, along with the initial conditions u(·,0) = f over Id. The solution u depends linearly on f, but nonlinearly on q. Here, both f and q are d-variate functions from a reproducing kernel Hilbert space with finite-order weights of order ω. This means that, although d can be arbitrary large, f and q can be decomposed as sums of functions of at most ω variables, with ω independent of d. In this paper, we apply our previous general results to the heat equation. We study both the absolute and normalized error criteria. For either error criterion, we show that the problem is . That is, the number of evaluations of f and q needed to obtain an ε-approximation is polynomial in ε and d, with the degree of the polynomial depending linearly on ω. In addition, we want to know when the problem is strongly tractable, meaning that the dependence is polynomial only in ε, independently of d. We show that if the sum of the weights defining the weighted reproducing kernel Hilbert space is uniformly bounded in d and the integral of the univariate kernel is positive, then the heat equation is strongly tractable
FUF: The Universal Unifier: User Manual Version 2.0
Creators: name: Elhadad, Michael
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1988
Subjects: Computer science

description: This report is the user manual for FUF version 2.0, a natural language generator program that uses the technique of unification grammars. The program is composed of two main modules: a unifier and a linearizer. The unifier takes as input a semantic description of the Lext to be generated and a unification grammar, and produces as output a rich syntactic description of the text. The linearizer interprets this syntactic description and produces an English sentence. This manual includes a detailed presentation of the technique of unification grammars and a reference manual for the current implementation (FUF 2.0).
SensApp_Deliverable_D3.3_Design and fabrication of the integrated detection layer
Creators: name: Yufeng Nie
name: Ottevaere, Heidi
name: Uusitalo, Sanna
name: Grilli, Simonetta
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: detection layer, design, fabrication

description: Design and fabrication of the integrated detection layer