cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Development of scintillator based coded-aperture neutron imager for nuclear decommissioning
Creators: name: Cieslak, Michal
Publisher: name: Lancaster University
Year: 2019

description: This thesis documents a proof-of-concept study of a novel, scintillator based, coded-aperture approach to neutron detection. Developments presented in this document suggest that coded-aperture approach, previously mainly associated with photon detectors, can be adapted for a small scale neutron detector. This work represents an innovative, scintillator based approach for small scale radiation detector aimed at nuclear decommissioning applications. A novel pixelated plastic scintillator was designed and built in this work. Scintillator cells 2.8 x 2.8 x 15 mm each), build of EJ-299-34 plastic were manufactured and arranged into a 13 x 13 array. The plastic scintillator which was used in this research was sensitive to both gamma and neutron fields. Experimental data were obtained for various solid scintillator samples and a comparison of a number of pulse shape discrimination techniques was performed. Prior to the experimental work, a simulation based study identified potential candidates for the scintillation material, as well as characterised the mixed-field environment, provided by 252Cf at Lancaster University, UK. Suitable coded-aperture materials were also computationally identified, and were subsequently used to manufacture a tungsten coded aperture, based on modified uniformly redundant array design technique. Pixelated nature of the coded-aperture based approach to radiation imaging allows the lateral resolution of the image to be improved, without affecting the signal-to-noise ratio. The focal point of this technique is located in the coded-aperture design and the scintillator. Modulation properties of the rank-7 coded aperture, made of tungsten using additive manufacturing techniques, were investigated. The experiment was performed using 137Cs gamma-ray calibration source at Lancaster University. Data obtained were subsequently used to perform the localisation of the point source used in this study. The idea of using tungsten coded aperture for dual-particle imaging was also simulated using Monte Carlo techniques (MCNPX) prior to the experimental work. The pulse shape discrimination performance of the pixelated organic plastic scintillator was investigated. The scintillator was exposed to a mixed-field environment provided by 252Cf and its performance was compared to that of a cylindrical plastic sample. Tests were also carried out in moderated neutron and gamma-ray fields of 252Cf. Suitable pixelated photodetectors, together with associated readout electronics circuitry, were also identified.
Maximal Acceleration Corrections to the Lamb Shift of Muonic Hydrogen
Creators: name: Chen, C. X.
name: Papini, G.
name: Mobed, N.
name: Lambiase, G.
name: Scarpetta, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The maximal acceleration corrections to the Lamb shift of muonic hydrogen are calculated by using the relativistic Dirac wave functions. The correction for the $2S-2P$ transition is $\sim 0.38$ meV and is higher than the accuracy of present QED calculations and of the expected accuracy of experiments in preparation.
description: LaTex file, 9 pages, to be published in Il Nuovo Cimento B
Is Quantization of QCD Unique at the Non-Perturbative Level ?
Creators: name: Yamagishi, Hidenaga
name: Zahed, Ismail
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We find that QCD in covariant gauge yields zero for the topological susceptibility, even at the nonperturbative level. The result is derived in two ways, one using translational invariance, and the other using the BRST Hamiltonian. Comparison with the canonical formalism suggests that QCD is not uniquely defined at the nonperturbative level. Supporting evidence is also provided in 1+1 dimensions. Our results imply that the strong CP problem admits a trivial resolution in covariant gauge, but obstacles remain for the U(1) problem.
description: 5 pages, Previous version updated and an example in 1+1 dimensions supplied
Improved linear programming methods for checking avoiding sure loss
Creators: name: Nakharutai, Nawapon
name: Troffaes, Matthias C. M.
name: Caiado, Camila C. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 90C05

description: We review the simplex method and two interior-point methods (the affine scaling and the primal-dual) for solving linear programming problems for checking avoiding sure loss, and propose novel improvements. We exploit the structure of these problems to reduce their size. We also present an extra stopping criterion, and direct ways to calculate feasible starting points in almost all cases. For benchmarking, we present algorithms for generating random sets of desirable gambles that either avoid or do not avoid sure loss. We test our improvements on these linear programming methods by measuring the computational time on these generated sets. We assess the relative performance of the three methods as a function of the number of desirable gambles and the number of outcomes. Overall, the affine scaling and primal-dual methods benefit from the improvements, and they both outperform the simplex method in most scenarios. We conclude that the simplex method is not a good choice for checking avoiding sure loss. If problems are small, then there is no tangible difference in performance between all methods. For large problems, our improved primal-dual method performs at least three times faster than any of the other methods.
description: 23 pages, 6 figures
Theory of Dynamic Stripe Induced Superconductivity
Creators: name: Bussmann-Holder, Annette
name: Muller, K. Alex
name: Micnas, Roman
name: Buttner, Helmut
name: Simon, Arndt
name: Bishop, Alan R.
name: Egami, Takeshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Since the recently reported giant isotope effect on T* [1] could be consistently explained within an anharmonic spin-charge-phonon interaction model, we consider here the role played by stripe formation on the superconducting properties within the same model. This is a two-component scenario and we recast its basic elements into a BCS effective Hamiltonian. We find that the stripe formation is vital to high-Tc superconductivity since it provides the glue between the two components to enhance Tc to the unexpectedly large values observed experimentally.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures
title: Day ‘N’ Nite: Habitability of Tidally Locked Planets with Sporadic Rotation
Creators: name: Shakespeare, Cody
Publisher: name: University of Nevada, Las Vegas
Year: 2022

description: Tidally locked worlds provide a unique opportunity for constraining the climates of detected exoplanets. They are unique in that few exoplanet spin and obliquity states are known or will be determined in the near future. The TRAPPIST-1 exoplanet system has multiple habitable zone planets that, in the past, have been presumed to be tidally locked. However, a recent study shows the dynamical conditions present in the TRAPPIST-1 system make rotation and large librations possible spin states for these planets. I confirm the tendency for these planets to sporadically transition from tidally locked libration to slow rotation using N-body simulations independent from the previous study. I examine the impact of these spin states and use them to best inform energy balance models which predict the temperature profile of the planet’s surface. My findings show that tidally locked planets with sporadic rotation are able to be in both long-term quasi-stable states and chaotic states: where rapid transitions between behaviours are present. Long-term quasistable spin states are likely able to form stable climate systems while the planet exhibits one spin regime behaviour for hundreds of years to hundreds of millennia. 1D EBMs show that tidally locked planets with sporadic rotation around M-dwarfs will experience a relatively small change in substellar temperature due to the lower albedo of ice in an infrared dominant stellar spectrum. The exact effects of large changes in temperature profiles on these planets as they rotate require more robust climate models, like 3D GCMs, to properly examine. However, using comparisons with climate changes on Earth, it is likely that erosion of land masses would increase and major climate systems would experience significant changes.
Static Chaos in Spin Glasses against quenched disorder perturbations
Creators: name: Azcoiti, Vicente
name: Follana, Eduardo
name: Ritort, Felix
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the chaotic nature of spin glasses against perturbations of the realization of the quenched disorder. This type of perturbation modifies the energy landscape of the system without adding extensive energy. We exactly solve the mean-field case, which displays a very similar chaos to that observed under magnetic field perturbations, and discuss the possible extension of these results to the case of short-ranged models. It appears that dimension four plays the role of a specific critical dimension where mean-field theory is valid. We present numerical simulation results which support our main conclusions.
description: 13 Pages + 7 Figures, Latex File, figures uuencoded at end of file
Prompt photon processes in photoproduction at HERA
Creators: name: Lee, Sung Won
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results for the photoproduction of inclusive prompt photons and for prompt photons accompanied by jets, measured with the ZEUS detector at HERA. Cross sections as a function of pseudorapidity and transverse energy are presented for 5 < E_T^γ< 10 GeV, E_T^{jet} > 5 GeV in the centre of mass energy range 120-270 GeV. Comparisons are made with predictions from leading logarithm parton shower Monte Carlos and next-to-leading order QCD calculations using currently available models of the photon structure. NLO QCD calculations describe the shape and magnitude of the measurements reasonably well.
description: Talk given at Photon99 Conference, Freiburg, Germany
Are Parton Distributions Positive?
Creators: name: Forte, Stefano
name: Altarelli, Guido
name: Ridolfi, Giovanni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the naive positivity conditions on polarized parton distributions which follow from their probabilistic interpretation in the naive parton model are reproduced in perturbative QCD at the leading log level if the quark and gluon distribution are defined in terms of physical processes. We show how these conditions are modified at the next-to-leading level, and discuss their phenomenological implications, in particular in view of the determination of the polarized gluon distribution
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, latex with espcrc2 and epsfig
Additional file 1: of Mortality pattern trends and disparities among Chinese from 2004 to 2016
Creators: name: Zhu, Jicun
name: Cui, Lingling
name: Wang, Kehui
name: Xie, Chen
name: Sun, Nan
name: Xu, Fei
name: Tang, Qixin
name: Sun, Changqing
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Table S1. Cause of death definitions based on GBD Cause groups and ICD codes (DOCX 14 kb)
title: Chasing shadows: A look at the treatment of light and shade in painters' quest for spatial realism in 13th and 14th century Italy
Creators: name: Black, John
Publisher: name: University of Glasgow
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Art history

description: This is a study of Duecento and Trecento Italian painters' approach to light and shade in their attempts to create the illusion of depth in pictures. Based on the examination of a large number of paintings it is an essentially technical consideration of the developments in the depiction of light's effects during this period of reviving interest in illusionistic painting. This, of necessity, must be from a 20th century perspective, and some virtue is deliberately made out of this anachronistic scrutiny. Care is taken to appreciate the concepts of the period through a study of its prevailing theories and practice, and to relate these to modem theories of light and perception. At the same time the developments are also related to the historical traditions, antique and medieval, which had shaped art up until the Duecento. In this respect the invaluable contribution made by Byzantine art in providing continuity with the heritage of Graeco-Roman and Hellenistic painting becomes apparent. The developments are looked at thematically with separate examination of the treatment of light in Faces, Gamients and Fabrics, Architecture, Landscape, Night effects and Lit Interiors, and with, finally, a look at its absence in Shadows. The closing decades of the Duecento and the opening ones of the Trecento prove the most fertile period for the renewed pursuit of naturalistic working and much of the study centres on them. Some consolidation of the re-established illusionistic techniques is noted in the first half of the 14th century but only isolated essays are noted in the latter half. Here the balance of interest is perceived to shift, and a painting's decorative effect rather than its powers of illusion are more valued. The new procedures and conventions established by the first decade are seen formally maintained, but only in localised realistic effects. The signs of a return to a more active pursuit of overall composite lighting illusion are then examined in works of the first decades of the Quattrocento, when the advances of a century earlier are systematically taken up once more.
The analysis of pi^{-} mesons produced in nucleus-nucleus collisions at a momentum of 4.5 GeV/c/nucleon in light front variables
Creators: name: Anikina, M.
name: Chkhaidze, L.
name: Djobava, T.
name: Garsevanishvili, V.
name: Kharkhelauri, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The light front analysis of pi^{-} mesons in He(Li,C), C-Ne, C-Cu and O-Pb collisions is carried out. The phase space of secondary pions is divided into two parts in one of which the thermal equilibrium assumption seems to be in a good agreement with the data. Corresponding temperatures T are extracted and their dependence on (A_{P}*A_{T})^{1/2} is studied. The results are compared with the predictions of the Quark-Gluon String Model (QGSM). The QGSM satisfactorily reproduces the experimental data for light and intermediate-mass nuclei.
description: 14 pages with 9 postscript figures
Genetic analysis of embryo in a human case of spontaneous oocyte activation: a case report
Creators: name: Ye, Yuanyuan
name: Li, Na
name: Yan, Xiaohong
name: Wu, Rongfeng
name: Zhou, Weidong
name: Cheng, Ling
name: Li, Youzhu
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Virology

description: Parthenogenesis, a unique form of reproduction, is normally inhibited in mammals and a human embryo with parthenogenetic origin is not considered capable of producing offspring. The aim of this report is to analyze a parthenogenetic oocyte retrieved from a patient so as to have a better understanding on parthenogenesis and causes of infertility. A 38-year-old woman presented at our center with a history of primary infertility for 10 years and underwent an IVF-ICSI cycle. Three MII oocytes retrieved and one of which presented with 1 pronucleus before conducting ICSI and developed into an embryo 30 h post-retrieval. Blastomere biopsy, genome amplification, copy number variation (CNV) analysis and MultiSNPs analysis was performed on the embryo. The results showed that only one blastomere contains DNA and CNV analysis indicated a genotype of 48, XX, +17, +17 and the genetic contribution of biopsied embryo was of exclusively maternal origin. Such analysis might be beneficial for patients with a history of oocyte spontaneous activation in diagnosing case-specific aberrations and providing individualized therapeutic strategies such as preimplantation genetic diagnosis to choose a genetic normal embryo to transplant.
Probing the energy bands of a Bose-Einstein condensate in an optical lattice
Creators: name: Chiofalo, M. L.
name: Succi, S.
name: Tosi, M. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We simulate three experimental methods which could be realized in the laboratory to probe the band excitation energies and the momentum distribution of a Bose-Einstein condensate inside an optical lattice. The values of the excitation energies obtained in these different methods agree within the accuracy of the simulation. The meaning of the results in terms of density and phase deformations is tested by studying the relaxation of a phase-modulated condensate towards the ground state.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
Twin beam quantum-enhanced correlated interferometry for testing fundamental physics
Creators: name: Pradyumna, S. T.
name: Losero, E.
name: Ruo-Berchera, I.
name: Traina, P.
name: Zucco, M.
name: Jacobsen, C. S.
name: Andersen, U. L.
name: Degiovanni, I. P.
name: Genovese, M.
name: Gehring, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum metrology deals with improving the resolution of instruments that are otherwise limited by shot noise and it is therefore a promising avenue for enabling scientific breakthroughs. The advantage can be even more striking when quantum enhancement is combined with correlation techniques among several devices. Here, we present and realize a correlation interferometry scheme exploiting bipartite quantum correlated states injected in two independent interferometers. The scheme outperforms classical analogues in detecting a faint signal that may be correlated/uncorrelated between the two devices. We also compare its sensitivity with that obtained for a pair of two independent squeezed modes, each addressed to one interferometer, for detecting a correlated stochastic signal in the MHz frequency band. Being the simpler solution, it may eventually find application to fundamental physics tests, e.g., searching for the effects predicted by some Planck scale theories.
Theory of Interacting Parallel Quantum Wires
Creators: name: Sun, Yinlong
name: Kirczenow, George
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present self-consistent numerical calculations of the electronic structure of parallel Coulomb-confined quantum wires, based on the Hohenberg-Kohn-Sham density functional theory of inhomogeneous electron systems. We find that the corresponding transverse energy levels of two parallel wires lock together when the wires' widths are similar and their separation is not too small. This energy level locking is an effect of Coulomb interactions and of the the density of states singularities that are characteristic of quasi- one-dimensional Fermionic systems. In dissimilar parallel wires level lockings are much less likely to occur. Energy level locking in similar wires persists to quite large wire separations, but is gradually suppressed by inter-wire tunneling when the separation becomes small. Experimental implications of these theoretical results are discussed.
description: RevTeX, 23 papes, 8 compressed tar figures in a separate file, to be published in the Canadian Journal of Physics.
title: Evaluating local-level interventions to address alcohol-related harms in England: the development and application of a complex systems perspective to process evaluations
Creators: name: McGill, ET
Publisher: name: London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine
Year: 2021

description: Background: Alcohol misuse is a wicked problem that may be best addressed by applying a complex systems perspective to the development and evaluation of alcohol interventions. Public health researchers have increasingly advocated this perspective, but the methods for complex systems process evaluations are under-developed. This thesis aims to develop and apply a framework for the application of a complex systems perspective to process evaluations of interventions to reduce alcohol-associated harms. Methods: The research involved 4 elements: i) a qualitative study involving interviews (n=30) and a focus group to evaluate the mechanisms by which the intervention ‘Reducing the Strength’ (RtS) may generate multi-level changes; ii) a scoping review of 87 primary studies and 3 systematic reviews to describe the scope of complex systems alcohol research; iii) a systematic review of 21 complex systems process evaluations and the development of a framework for qualitative process evaluation from a complex systems perspective; and iv) the application of this framework to evaluate the ‘Late Night Levy’ (LNL) using documentary analysis, interviews (n=21) and observations (35.5 hours). Findings: Alcohol interventions may generate multiple changes within and beyond the systems into which they are implemented. Alcohol research taking a complex systems perspective focuses on individual and local systems, with far less analysis of regional, national and international systems. Process evaluations from a complex systems perspective describe systems at a single timepoint, but utilise few complexity concepts to analyse system change. A two-phase process evaluation framework illustrates how to assess mechanisms of system change following intervention implementation. Applying the framework to evaluate the LNL demonstrated how the levy generated system changes which were both anticipated and unanticipated by system actors. Conclusion: The process evaluation framework can produce holistic appraisals of how interventions generate system changes across system levels; evaluators should further apply and refine the framework.
The Evolution of Neutrino Astronomy
Creators: name: Bahcall, John
name: Davis,, Raymond
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: How did neutrino astronomy evolve? Are there any useful lessons for astronomers and physicists embarking on new observational ventures today? We answer the first question; the reader can can decide if there are any useful parallels for other fields.
description: Figures added in editorial stage. Related material http://www.sns.ias.edu/~jnb/Papers/Popular/snhistory.html
Optimization of Amorphous Germanium Electrical Contacts and Surface Coatings on High Purity Germanium Radiation Detectors
Creators: name: Amman, Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Semiconductor detector fabrication technologies developed decades ago are widely employed today to produce gamma-ray detectors from large volume, single crystals of high purity Ge (HPGe). Most all of these detectors are used exclusively for spectroscopy measurements and are of simple designs with only two impurity based electrical contacts produced with B implantation and Li diffusion. Though these technologies work well for the simple spectroscopy detectors, the Li contact in particular is thick and lacks room temperature stability in a manner that makes it inappropriate for many of the more complex detectors needed for gamma-ray imaging and particle tracking applications. Thin films of amorphous semiconductors such as sputter deposited amorphous Ge (a-Ge) are the basis for an alternative electrical contact that is easy to fabricate, thin, and can be finely segmented. The a-Ge also functions well as a passivation coating on the HPGe surfaces not covered by the electrical contacts. The properties of the a-Ge affect the performance of the resultant detectors, and these properties substantially depend on and are controllable through the sputter deposition process parameters. The subject of this paper is this interconnection of fabrication process parameters, a-Ge properties, and detector performance. The properties of a-Ge thin film electrical resistance, a-Ge contact electron injection, and room temperature storage stability were evaluated as a function of the sputter process parameters of sputter gas pressure and sputter gas H2 composition. Two different sputter deposition systems were used to produce a-Ge resistors and HPGe detectors with a-Ge electrical contacts. These samples were electrically characterized as a function of temperature. A summary of this study and discussion of the relevance of the findings to the optimization of detector performance are given in this paper.
Top quark production near threshold: NNLO QCD correction
Creators: name: Yakovlev, Oleg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the cross section of the process e^+e^- \to t\bar t near threshold by resumming Coulomb-like terms with next-to-next-to-leading (NNLO) accuracy. The nonrelativistic Green function formalism and the method of ``direct matching'' are used. The NNLO correction turns out to be large, of the same size as the NLO correction. It changes the position and the normalization of the 1S-peak. The obtained results are compared with results existing in the literature.
description: LaTeX, 12 pages, 4 ps figures, journal version
Microcavity-enhanced Kerr nonlinearity in a vertical-external-cavity surface-emitting laser
Creators: name: Kriso, C.
name: Kress, S.
name: Munshi, T.
name: Großmann, M.
name: Bek, R.
name: Jetter, M.
name: Michler, P.
name: Stolz, W.
name: Koch, M.
name: Rahimi-Iman, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Self-mode-locking has become an emerging path to the generation of ultrashort pulses with vertical-external-cavity surface-emitting lasers. In our work, a strong Kerr nonlinearity that is so far assumed to give rise to mode-locked operation is evidenced and a strong nonlinearity enhancement by the microcavity is revealed. We present wavelength-dependent measurements of the nonlinear absorption and nonlinear-refractive-index change in a gain chip using the Z-scan technique. We report negative nonlinear refraction up to 1.5E-11 cm2/W in magnitude in the (InGa)As/Ga(AsP) material system close to the laser design wavelength, which can lead to Kerr lensing. We show that by changing the angle of incidence of the probe beam with respect to the gain chip, the Kerr nonlinearity can be wavelength-tuned, shifting with the microcavity resonance. Such findings may ultimately lead to novel concepts with regard to tailored self-mode-locking behavior achievable by peculiar Kerr-lens chip designs for cost-effective, robust and compact fs-pulsed semiconductor lasers.
title: Railway infrastructure and its environmental effects in the Alps (1945 - today)
Creators: name: Gratzer, Hannah
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Railways
subject: History
subject: Marshall
subject: Electrification
subject: Standardisation
subject: Alps
subject: Environment
subject: Mobility
subject: Railways
subject: History
subject: Marshall
subject: Electrification
subject: Standardisation
subject: Alps
subject: Environment
subject: Mobility

description: This thesis is dedicated to the historical development of railway infrastructure since the Second World War. Geographically, the Alpine region is covered, specifically Austria, France, Italy and Switzerland. The first part of the thesis deals with the impact and long-term consequences of the European Recovery Programme (ERP) on railway infrastructure until 2021. For this purpose, original documents from the National Archives in Washington and original reports from the OEEC were analysed. The second part of the work deals with the environmental aspects of the entire life cycle of the railway infrastructure. Current developments and projects in the Alpine region are presented and evaluated in terms of their environmental impact. Research has shown that the ERP has shaped the railway infrastructure in the Alpine region in the long term. Many developments of the last 70 years can be traced back to the missions under the programme. Although railway infrastructure has undeniable environmental impacts throughout its life cycle, they are the alternative transport method of the future compared to road, air and maritime transport. Especially because technologies - such as electrification - make it possible to minimise emissions. Numerous organisations and initiatives are dedicated to this and other issues in the field of Alpine environmental protection and sustainable mobility.
Staggered Currents in the Vortex Core
Creators: name: Han, Jung Hoon
name: Wang, Qiang-Hua
name: Lee, Dung-Hai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the electronic structure of the vortex core in the cuprates using the U(1) slave-boson mean-field wavefunctions and their Gutzwiller projection. We conclude that there exists local orbital antiferromagnetic order in the core near optimal doping. We compare the results with that of BCS theory and analyze the spatial dependence of the local tunneling density of states.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Edge states in Open Antiferromagnetic Heisenberg Chains
Creators: name: Qin, Shaojin
name: Ng, Tai-Kai
name: Su, Zhao-Bin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this letter we report our results in investigating edge effects of open antiferromagnetic Heisenberg spin chains with spin magnitudes $S=1/2, 1,3/2,2$ using the density-matrix renormalization group (DMRG) method initiated by White. For integer spin chains, we find that edge states with spin magnitude $S_{edge}=S/2$ exist, in agreement with Valence-Bond-Solid model picture. For half-integer spin chains, we find that no edge states exist for $S=1/2$ spin chain, but edge state exists in $S=3/2$ spin chain with $S_{edge}=1/2$, in agreement with previous conjecture by Ng. Strong finite size effects associated with spin dimmerization in half-integer spin chains will also be discussed.
description: 4 pages, RevTeX 3.0, 5 figures in a separate uuencoded postscript file. Replaced once to enlarge the acknowlegement.
GEO Essential Variables (EVs) as a basis for a common semantic framework to better integrate heterogeneous in-situ data sources into the European Green Deal Data Space
Creators: name: Serral, Ivette
name: Maso, Joan
name: Lehman, Anthony
name: Palma, Raul
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Accessible and interoperable data are at the heart of data-driven innovation in the European Green Deal. This data, combined with digital infrastructure and artificial intelligence solutions, facilitate evidence-based decisions and expand the capacity to understand and tackle environmental challenges.

How to operate and discern among all the data available in the Green Deal Data Space? There are many vocabularies for variables and observations, but a formalization is lacking. AD4GD proposes to use Essential Variables!

Essential Variables (EVs) have been defined by different communities as sets of variables that are crucial for characterizing and monitoring systems across space and time, providing insight into underlying processes and their changes, and/or feeding indicators that inform environmental policies at multiple scales. The AD4GD proposal for EVs semantic tagging includes using OGC RAINBOW and STAplus. Check how in this poster.

This poster was displayed at the GEO Week 2023 Ministerial Summit that took place in Cape Town (South Africa) between the 6th and th 10th of November.
title: Integrated Climate Risk and Adaptation Assessment: Engaging with Participation and Co-production to Inform Island Community Decision-Making
Creators: name: Sartorius, Julian
Publisher: name: University of Dundee
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/03h2bxq36
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: Small islands face specific challenges, such as limited land area, limited resource bases, low connectivity, and reliance on external trade, which can influence the impact of climate- related risks. Due to small islands' diverse biophysical, socio-economic, political, and cultural characteristics, adaptation strategies need to be tailored to each location and context. At the same time, small island communities commonly face obstacles in their ability to engage in research and planning, which challenge the implementation of adaptation plans. Participation and co-production are being explored to involve adaptation stakeholders in research. However, the limited application of such efforts in Scottish islands highlights gaps in understanding the conditions and processes required to conduct them appropriately and effectively.

Against this backdrop, the present study explored the creation of a novel framework for conducting climate risk and adaptation assessments, with small islands in Scotland – namely Tiree, Barra, and Vatersay – selected as case examples, both informing the design of the framework and its implementation. The framework involved multiple assessment-related methods and approaches, labelled as either ‘bottom-up’ or ‘top- down’ in their orientation, with a novel feature being the study’s recourse to the literature on participation and co-production. Shuttling between efforts to integrate information emanating from both methods and approaches was driven by a quest to re-configure conventional ways of conducting stakeholder-based climate research and planning, ultimately enhancing the usability of research and planning.

Overall, the assessment provided insights on key climate impacts and risks facing the study communities, and on developing appropriate responses to enhance adaptation pathways. Study implications include the need for new practices and modes of adaptation planning involving participatory, integrated, and transformational approaches that encompass social, ecological, economic, and political domains. Such innovations would benefit communities and researchers beyond the immediate small Scottish island context.
Historic Centers Restoration and Ancient Buildings Energetic Efficiency Improvement
Creators: name: Santopuoli, Nicola
name: Pecoraro, Ilaria
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Historic center
stone architectures
conservation
restoration
energetic efficiency

description: The historical center is a part of the city with specific environmental, architectural and historical values, which emerges from the urban fabric structural continuity. This complex reality requires a comprehensive understanding to determinate the most proper ways to carry out functional transformations and system adaptations, with respect to historical buildings values. Each building must obtain those proper improvements and functional adjustments, also in terms of technology and energetic efficiency. The achievements of a complex interdisciplinary research project on Ceglie Messapica historical center (BR, Italy) are explained. They lead to guidelines for mulation for the historical buildings’ critical conservative restoration.
The low-energy effective action for perturbative heterotic strings on $K_3 \times T^2$ and the d=4 N=2 vector-tensor multiplet
Creators: name: Siebelink, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider d=4 N=2 supergravity theories which serve as low-energy effective actions for heterotic strings on K_3 \times T^2. At the perturbative level we construct a new version of the heterotic effective action in which the axion has been traded for an antisymmetric tensor field. In the string frame the antisymmetric tensor doesn't transform under Poincaré supersymmetry into the dilaton-dilatini system. This indicates that in this frame the antisymmetric tensor field and the dilaton are not contained in an N=2 vector-tensor multiplet. Instead, we find that the heterotic dilaton is part of a compensating hypermultiplet, whereas the antisymmetric tensor is part of the gravitational multiplet. In order to obtain our results we use superconformal techniques. This enables us to comment on the range of applicability of this particular framework.
description: 36 pages, Latex 209, no figures, v2: minor textual changes
Database of Molecular Masers and Variable Stars
Creators: name: Sobolev, A. M.
name: Ladeyschikov, D. A.
name: Nakashima, J. -I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the database of maser sources in H2O, OH and SiO lines that can be used to identify and study variable stars at evolved stages. Detecting the maser emission in H2O, OH and SiO molecules toward infrared-excess objects is one of the methods of identification long-period variables (LPVs, including Miras and Semi-Regular), because these stars exhibit maser activity in their circumstellar shells. Our sample contains 1803 known LPV objects. 46% of these stars (832 objects) manifest maser emission in the line of at least one molecule: H2O, OH or SiO. We use the database of circumstellar masers in order to search for long-periodic variables which are not included in the General Catalogue of Variable Stars (GCVS). Our database contains 4806 objects (3866 objects without associations in GCVS catalog) with maser detection in at least one molecule. Therefore it is possible to use the database in order to locate and study the large sample of long-period variable stars. Entry to the database at http://maserdb.net
description: Accepted for publication in RAA
Charm Production and Fragmentation in Charged Current DIS
Creators: name: Kretzer, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In charged current deep inelastic scattering charm is dominantly produced in scattering events on strange quarks, thereby allowing for an experimental determination of the nucleon's strange sea density. A measurement of the energy spectrum of final state charm fragments (D-mesons) determines the charm fragmentation function at spacelike scales considerably below typical e^+e^- c.m.s. energies. NLO corrections to the naive s -> c parton model production picture are important and well understood.
description: 4 pages, LaTeX, 4 figures, uses epsfig and espcrc2 style
The Next-to-Leading BFKL Pomeron with Optimal Renormalization
Creators: name: Kim, Victor T.
name: Lipatov, Lev N.
name: Pivovarov, Grigorii B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The next-to-leading order (NLO) corrections to the BFKL equation in the BLM optimal scale setting are briefly discussed. A striking feature of the BLM approach is rather weak Q^2-dependence of the Pomeron intercept, which might indicate an approximate conformal symmetry of the equation. An application of the NLO BFKL resummation for the virtual gamma-gamma total cross section shows a good agreement with recent L3 data at the CERN LEP2.
description: 5 pages, 1 eps-figure, to appear in Proceedings of VIIIth Blois Workshop at IHEP, Protvino, June 28 - July 2, 1999
Additional file 1 of IL-17F depletion accelerates chitosan conduit guided peripheral nerve regeneration
Creators: name: Chen, Feixiang
name: Liu, Weihuang
name: Zhang, Qiang
name: Wu, Ping
name: Xiao, Ao
name: Zhao, Yanan
name: Zhou, Ying
name: Wang, Qiaona
name: Chen, Yun
name: Tong, Zan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Table S1; The primer sequences for qPCR amplification.
Correct extrapolation of overlap distribution in spin glasses
Creators: name: Hed, Guy
name: Hartmann, Alexander K.
name: Domany, Eytan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study in d=3 dimensions the short range Ising spin glass with Jij=+/-1 couplings at T=0. We show that the overlap distribution is non-trivial in the limit of large system size.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures
Large-Scale Spectrum Allocation for Cellular Networks via Sparse Optimization
Creators: name: Zhuang, Binnan
name: Guo, Dongning
name: Wei, Ermin
name: Honig, Michael L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper studies joint spectrum allocation and user association in large heterogeneous cellular networks. The objective is to maximize some network utility function based on given traffic statistics collected over a slow timescale, conceived to be seconds to minutes. A key challenge is scalability: interference across cells creates dependencies across the entire network, making the optimization problem computationally challenging as the size of the network becomes large. A suboptimal solution is presented, which performs well in networks consisting of one hundred access points (APs) serving several hundred user devices. This is achieved by optimizing over local overlapping neighborhoods, defined by interference conditions, and by exploiting the sparsity of a globally optimal solution. Specifically, with a total of $k$ user devices in the entire network, it suffices to divide the spectrum into $k$ segments, where each segment is mapped to a particular set, or pattern, of active APs within each local neighborhood. The problem is then to find a mapping of segments to patterns, and to optimize the widths of the segments. A convex relaxation is proposed for this, which relies on a re-weighted $\ell_1$ approximation of an $\ell_0$ constraint, and is used to enforce the mapping of a unique pattern to each spectrum segment. A distributed implementation based on alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) is also proposed. Numerical comparisons with benchmark schemes show that the proposed method achieves a substantial increase in achievable throughput and/or reduction in the average packet delay.
description: 14 pages, 7 figures, accepted by IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing
Strong Enhancement of $ε'/ε$ Through Final State Interactions
Creators: name: Pallante, Elisabetta
name: Pich, Antonio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We quantify the important effect of strong final state interactions in the weak $K\to2π$ amplitudes, using the measured $π$--$π$ phase shifts with J=0 and $I=0,2$. The final rescattering of the two pions provides a strong enhancement of the $ΔI =1/2$ amplitude, which so far has been neglected in the theoretical predictions of $ε'/ε$. This correction increases the Standard Model prediction of $ε'/ε$ to values in good agreement with the experimental measurements.
description: 4 pages, uses RevTex, a footnote added
Phaselia deliciosaria
Creators: name: Werner, Maria Johanna
name: Hausmann, Axel
name: Kostjuk, Igor
name: Wanke, Dominic
name: Rajaei, Hossein
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Geometridae
Phaselia
Phaselia deliciosaria

description: P. deliciosaria vs. (P. sp. cf. deliciosaria)
 External characters (figs 50–55). On forewing antemedial line with three acute tips, middle one longer (antemedial line with wide serrated tips).
 Male genitalia (figs 103–106). No diagnostic characters.
 Female genitalia (figs 140–141). Antrum roundish to triangular, wide, tapering towards corpus bursae (antrum narrow).
description: Published as part of Werner, Maria Johanna, Hausmann, Axel, Kostjuk, Igor, Wanke, Dominic & Rajaei, Hossein, 2023, Integrative taxonomic revision of the genus Phaselia Guenée, [1858] (Geometridae: Ennominae) in the Middle East and Central Asia, pp. 1-66 in Zootaxa 5326 (1) on page 24, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5326.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/8243811
title: ADCO, Cartulaire général de Cîteaux, dit de Jean de Cirey, (XVe siècle), tome V, Cart. 189 (11 H 74), 316 folios, f. 0052r
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CG21/F.PETOT/2012
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris
subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge
subject: cartulaire

description: Cartulaire général de Cîteaux, dit de Jean de Cirey, (XVe siècle), tome V, Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 189 (11 H 74), 316 folios, f. 0052r, Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Cartulaire général de Cîteaux, dit de Jean de Cirey, (XVe siècle), tome V, Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 189 (11 H 74), 316 folios, f. 0052r, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https:// manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: https://www.geonames.org/3024876
description: Provenance: http://www.idref.fr/030974844/id
description: Provenance: https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12228351v
description: Provenance: abbaye de Cîteaux
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843261
D1.4 Data Management Plan and Quality Assurance Plan
Creators: name: Madricardo, Fantina
name: MOSCHINO, VANESSA
Publisher: name: MAELSTROM Project
Year: 2021
Subjects: maelstrom
horizon europe
deliverable 1.4
data management plan
quality assurance plan

description: The MAELSTROM Data Management Plan (DMP) describes the data management life cycle for the data to be collected, processed and/or generated by the MAELSTROMproject, as a Horizon 2020 project. 

The DMP will define the management strategy of data generated during the project with the purpose to making research data findable, accessible, interoperable, and re-usable (FAIR). According to the Grant Agreement and Consortium Agreement, the DMP will involve all partners and will be supervised by the Data Manager appointed by CNR.

This document will include the Quality Assurance Plan (QAP) section which is dealing with innovation management, establishing the methodology and guidelines for management of innovation within MAELSTROM. The task will be supervised by the Innovation Manager (IM) appointed by ALPHA UK.