cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Generation and Characterization of Electron Bunches with Ramped Current Profiles in a Dual-Frequency Superconducting Linear Accelerator
Creators: name: Piot, P.
name: Behrens, C.
name: Gerth, C.
name: Dohlus, M.
name: Lemery, F.
name: Mihalcea, D.
name: Stoltz, P.
name: Vogt, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the successful experimental generation of electron bunches with ramped current profiles. The technique relies on impressing nonlinear correlations in the longitudinal phase space using a superconducing radiofrequency linear accelerator operating at two frequencies and a current-enhancing dispersive section. The produced $\sim 700$-MeV bunches have peak currents of the order of a kilo-Ampère. Data taken for various accelerator settings demonstrate the versatility of the method and in particular its ability to produce current profiles that have a quasi-linear dependency on the longitudinal (temporal) coordinate. The measured bunch parameters are shown, via numerical simulations, to produce gigavolt-per-meter peak accelerating electric fields with transformer ratios larger than 2 in dielectric-lined waveguides.
description: 4 pages, 6 figures
Institutional Change and Gender Inequalities at Labour Market Entry: A Comparison of Estonia, Russia, and East and West Germany
Creators: name: Kosyakova, Yuliya
name: Saar, Ellu
name: Dämmrich, Johanna
Publisher: name: Studies of Transition States and Societies
Year: 2018
Subjects: Gender inequality; job authority; labour market entry; comparative research; institutional change; Russia; Estonia; Germany

description: Our study investigates how gender inequalities in job opportunities evolved during communist and post-communist times in former state-socialist countries. Theoretical arguments (mainly based on studies referring to Western countries) led to the expectation of a surge in gender inequalities in these countries after the collapse of communism. Empirically, we explore the gender gap in job authority upon labour market entry by using life-history data from Russia, Estonia, and East Germany, with West Germany serving as a control case. The selection of countries was motivated primarily by the availability of rich life-history data, covering four decades of (post-) state socialism but also by divergences in institutional set-ups in the course of transition from state socialism to a liberalised market economy. Our findings yield four major results. First, accounting for education and the branch of economy, women were not disadvantaged during Soviet times; instead, we have even found evidence of a slight female advantage in Estonia and East Germany. Thus, our findings mirror the communist regime’s effectiveness in equalising women’s and men’s opportunities at work. Second, in the pre-collapse decade, the advantage of women in terms of job authority decreased in East Germany and Estonia, whereas in Russia, women fell behind men. Third, with the Soviet Union collapse, a remarkable female disadvantage emerged in all formerly state socialist countries under scrutiny. In addition, we observe a growing gender gap in West Germany in the same period. The latter result strengthens the conclusion that times of economic liberalisation may go hand-in-hand with increasing gender inequalities.
description: Studies of Transition States and Societies, Vol 9, No 2 (2017)
Discrete modelling of capillary mechanisms in multi-phase granular media
Creators: name: Scholtès, L.
name: Nicot, B. Chareyre F.
name: Darve, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A numerical study of multi-phase granular materials based upon micro-mechanical modelling is proposed. Discrete element simulations are used to investigate capillary induced effects on the friction properties of a granular assembly in the pendular regime. Capillary forces are described at the local scale through the Young-Laplace equation and are superimposed to the standard dry particle interaction usually well simulated through an elastic-plastic relationship. Both effects of the pressure difference between liquid and gas phases and of the surface tension at the interface are integrated into the interaction model. Hydraulic hysteresis is accounted for based on the possible mechanism of formation and breakage of capillary menisci at contacts. In order to upscale the interparticular model, triaxial loading paths are simulated on a granular assembly and the results interpreted through the Mohr-Coulomb criterion. The micro-mechanical approach is validated with a capillary cohesion induced at the macroscopic scale. It is shown that interparticular menisci contribute to the soil resistance by increasing normal forces at contacts. In addition, more than the capillary pressure level or the degree of saturation, our findings highlight the importance of the density number of liquid bonds on the overall behaviour of the material.
Electronic supplementary material, Appendix 1: from Revisiting the ‘nuclear species’ concept: do we really know what we think we know?
Creators: name: Bangal, Priti
name: Sridhar, Hari
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: Criteria used for extracting and tagging text segments about nuclear species and nuclearity included in electronic supplementary material, table S1
Emergent electrodynamics of skyrmions in a chiral magnet
Creators: name: Schulz, T.
name: Ritz, R.
name: Bauer, A.
name: Halder, M.
name: Wagner, M.
name: Franz, C.
name: Pfleiderer, C.
name: Everschor, K.
name: Garst, M.
name: Rosch, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When an electron moves in a smoothly varying non-collinear magnetic structure, its spin-orientation adapts constantly, thereby inducing forces that act on both the magnetic structure and the electron. These forces may be described by electric and magnetic fields of an emergent electrodynamics. The topologically quantized winding number of so-called skyrmions, i.e., certain magnetic whirls, discovered recently in chiral magnets are theoretically predicted to induce exactly one quantum of emergent magnetic flux per skyrmion. A moving skyrmion is therefore expected to induce an emergent electric field following Faraday's law of induction, which inherits this topological quantization. Here we report Hall effect measurements, which establish quantitatively the predicted emergent electrodynamics. This allows to obtain quantitative evidence of the depinning of skyrmions from impurities at ultra-low current densities of only 10^6 A/m^2 and their subsequent motion. The combination of exceptionally small current densities and simple transport measurements offers fundamental insights into the connection between emergent and real electrodynamics of skyrmions in chiral magnets, and promises to be important for applications in the long-term.
description: 24 pages, supplementary information file included
Structural Phase Transitions in SrRh2As2
Creators: name: Zinth, V.
name: Petricek, V.
name: Dusek, M.
name: Johrendt, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: SrRh2As2 exhibits structural phase transitions reminiscent to those of BaFe2As2, but crystallizes with three polymorphs derived from the tetragonal ThCr2Si2-type structure. The structure of α-SrRh2As2 is monoclinic with a = 421.2(1) pm, b = 1105.6(2) pm, c = 843.0(1) pm and β= 95° and was refined as a partially pseudo meroedric twin in the space group P21/c with R1 = 0.0928. β-SrRh2As2 crystallizes with a modulated structure in the (3+1) dimensional superspace group Fmmm(10γ)σ00 with the unit cell parameters a = 1114.4(3) pm, b = 574.4(2) pm and c = 611.5(2) pm and an incommensurable modulation vector q = (1, 0, 0.3311(4)). High temperature single crystal diffraction experiments confirm the tetragonal ThCr2Si2-type structure for γ-SrRh2As2 above 350°C. Electronic band structure calculations indicate that the structural distortion in alpha-SrRh2As2 is caused by strong Rh-Rh bonding interactions and has no magnetic origin as suggested for isotypic BaFe2As2.
description: 16 pages, 10 Figures
Independence and Interdependence Values in Changing Societies: A Three-Generation Comparative Study in Estonia, Germany, and Russia
Creators: name: Tõugu, Pirko
name: Tulviste, Tiia
name: Kasearu, Kairi
name: Talves, Kairi
name: Albert, Isabelle
Publisher: name: Studies of Transition States and Societies
Year: 2018
Subjects: independence; interdependence; self-construal; intergenerational value similarity; cross-cultural comparison

description: Independent and interdependent self-construal values of three generations and the intergenerational similarity of self-construal was compared in three countries. The participants were 837 adolescents, their mothers (227 from Russia, 311 from Germany, and 299 from Estonia) and 293 maternal grandmothers. In Germany, all three generations displayed higher scores on independence than participants from other countries. Russian participants had higher scores on interdependence compared to participants from other countries. Adolescents scored significantly higher on the interdependent self-construal than the two older generations, and higher than the mothers’ generation on the independent self-construal. Grandmothers’ self-construal was related to mothers’ in all three countries. In Germany and Estonia, mothers’ interdependent self-construal was related to adolescents’ interdependent self-construal. Grandmothers’ (but not mothers’) independent self-construal predicted adolescents’ independent self-construal. The results are discussed in light of the Family Change Theory and the different roles the participants have.
description: Studies of Transition States and Societies, Vol 9, No 2 (2017)
Politics and Legitimacy in Post-Soviet Eurasia
Creators: name: Eggeling, Kristin A.
Publisher: name: Studies of Transition States and Societies
Year: 2018

description: Book review "Politics and Legitimacy in Post-Soviet Eurasia" edited by Martin Brusis, Joachim Ahrens and Martin Schulze Wessel, 2016, London and New York: Palgrave Macmillan
description: Studies of Transition States and Societies, Vol 9, No 2 (2017)
The Real Politics of the Horn of Africa: Money, War and the Business of Power
Creators: name: Puddu, Luca
Publisher: name: Studies of Transition States and Societies
Year: 2018

description: Book review "The Real Politics of the Horn of Africa: Money, War and the Business of Power" by Alex De Waal, 2015, Cambridge: Polity
description: Studies of Transition States and Societies, Vol 9, No 2 (2017)
Inverse energy cascade in three-dimensional isotropic turbulence
Creators: name: Biferale, Luca
name: Musacchio, Stefano
name: Toschi, Federico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In turbulent flows kinetic energy is spread by nonlinear interactions over a broad range of scales. Energy transfer may proceed either toward small scales or in the reverse direction. The latter case is peculiar of two-dimensional (2D) flows. Interestingly, a reversal of the energy flux is observed also in three-dimensional (3D) geophysical flows under rotation and/or confined in thin layers. The question is whether this phenomenon is enforced solely by external anisotropic mechanisms or it is intimately embedded in the Navier-Stokes (NS) equations. Here we show that an inverse energy cascade occurs also in 3D isotropic flow. The flow is obtained from a suitable surgery of the NS equations, keeping only triadic interactions between sign-defined helical modes, preserving homogeneity and isotropy and breaking reflection invariance. Our findings highlight the role played by helicity in the energy transfer process and show that both 2D and 3D properties naturally coexist in all flows in nature.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Neoliberalism and the Moral Economy of Fraud
Creators: name: Rudzite, Liga
Publisher: name: Studies of Transition States and Societies
Year: 2018

description: Book review "Neoliberalism and the Moral Economy of Fraud" by David Whyte and Jörg Wiegratz, 2016, New York: Routledge.
description: Studies of Transition States and Societies, Vol 9, No 2 (2017)
$^{139}$La NMR investigation in underdoped La$_{1.93}$Sr$_{0.07}$CuO$_4$
Creators: name: Baek, S. -H.
name: Erb, A.
name: Büchner, B.
name: Grafe, H. -J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report $^{139}$La and $^{63}$Cu nuclear magnetic and quadrupole resonance (NMR/NQR) studies in an underdoped La$_{1.93}$Sr$_{0.07}$CuO$_4$ single crystal, focusing on the $^{139}$La NMR in the normal state. We demonstrate that the local structural distortions in the low-temperature orthorhombic structure cause the tilting of the direction of the electric field gradient (EFG) at the nuclei from the c axis, resulting in two NMR central transition spectra at both the $^{139}$La and $^{63}$Cu nuclei in an external field. Taking into account the tilt angle of the EFG, the temperature dependence of the $^{139}$La spectra allowed us to determine the $^{139}$La Knight shift and the structural order parameter. The angle and temperature dependence of the $^{139}$La spectrum is in perfect agreement with the macroscopic average structure and proves a displacive transition. The $^{139}$La nuclear spin-lattice relaxation rates, $T_1^{-1}$, suggest that La$_{1.93}$Sr$_{0.07}$CuO$_4$ undergoes a gradual change to a temperature-independent paramagnetic regime in the high temperature region. Both the spectra and $T_1^{-1}$ of the $^{139}$La as a function of temperature reveal a sharp anomaly around $T_S=387(1)$ K, implying a first-order-like structural transition, and a dramatic change below ~70 K arising from collective glassy spin freezing.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures, published in PRB
Political vs Everyday Forms of Governance in Uzbekistan: the Illegal, Immoral and Illegitimate
Creators: name: Urinboyev, Rustamjon
name: Polese, Abel
name: Svensson, Mans
name: Adams, Laura
name: Kerikmäe, Tanel
Publisher: name: Studies of Transition States and Societies
Year: 2018
Subjects: Central Asia; everyday; governance; informality; Uzbekistan

description: Based on extensive ethnographic fieldwork in Uzbekistan, this article looks at the way official state narratives are challenged by silent, unorganised, often unaware gestures of resistance at the bottom of a society. Footing on a framework suggested by Scott’s definition of infrapolitics (2012), we propose to incorporate informal practices in a definition of informality that is more inclusive and better explains the anatomy of a modern state, whose functioning rests on a combination of formal and informal practices. We suggest that this everyday dimension is of particular importance here when trying to understand the governance trajectories, as it allows to look critically, and from a broader perspective, at situations where individual and state perception of events, but also individual and state morality, diverge. By doing this, we propose that governance in transition states and societies may be regarded as a space where formal institutions and citizens (or informal institutions) compete for power and resources and thereby produce informal, alternative ‘legal orders’ and mechanisms that regulate public life in a given area. We will suggest that such a space of informal negotiation is vital in contexts where collective mobilisation and public articulation of social claims is not a preferred, or even available, strategy for citizens.
description: Studies of Transition States and Societies, Vol 10, No 1 (2018)
Bigger is Better or how Governments Learned to Stop Worrying and Love Megaprojects
Creators: name: Menga, Filippo
Publisher: name: Studies of Transition States and Societies
Year: 2018
Subjects: Italy; Tajikistan; mega projects; symbolism

description: Megaprojects, with their sheer size and their physical and emotional impact, can emerge as central elements around which political elites construct an ideology. Following a comparison of the narratives surrounding the Strait of Messina Bridge in Italy and the Rogun Dam in Tajikistan, I find that similar narratives appear in arguments for mega projects across different regime types, as advocates portray large infrastructure as a panacea for varied problems and thus justify the significant investment such projects require. Politicians in both Italy and Tajikistan have embraced images of heroic progress toward a better future to frame megaprojects as inevitable signs of progress and national well-being.
description: Studies of Transition States and Societies, Vol 10, No 1 (2018)
Land Reform, Market Adjustment, and Rice Market Growth in Vietnam
Creators: name: Laiprakobsup, Thanapan
name: Chorkaew, Sunisa
Publisher: name: Studies of Transition States and Societies
Year: 2018
Subjects: land reform; Doi Moi; rice production; rice exports; Vietnam

description: Vietnam is in transition in terms of economic development. Its economic sectors have seen incredible growth for decades, including agriculture. Vietnam’s rice sector has increasingly expanded for decades regarding production and exports, while the country has experienced structural adjustment and policy reform, such as land reform. This article examines the production and trade effect of policy reform on the rice sector in Vietnam from 1976 to 2014. Using ordinary least squares model and marginal effects, the study found that policy reform has a positive effect on rice production and exports in Vietnam. Moreover, it was found that the Doi Moi macroeconomic reform has had a strong and positive effect on rice exports. This result shows that policy transition contributes to an increase in rice production and exports.
description: Studies of Transition States and Societies, Vol 10, No 1 (2018)
Acquittals at the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY) in 2012-2013: the domestic implications
Creators: name: Vukpalaj, Anton
Publisher: name: Studies of Transition States and Societies
Year: 2018
Subjects: Transitional justice; International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia; Acquittals; Gotovina; Perišić; Stanišić; Haradinaj

description: From November 2012 to May 2013, the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia (ICTY) rendered its verdicts in four trials involving eight former Croatian, Kosovo, and Serbian military, police and intelligence officials. These acquittals drew the attention of politicians, human rights organisations and victims’ associations, each for different reasons. This article focuses on internal political contexts in Croatia, Serbia and Kosovo, following the return of the acquitted officials to their countries. It analyses the use of these verdicts by domestic political elites to legitimise their exclusive narratives of war and shows that these verdicts will be used to achieve goals quite different from those envisaged by international tribunals. The reactions to the acquittals will be analysed as a manifestation of conflicting national political contexts, resulting from a combination of multiple factors between local, national and international actors.
description: Studies of Transition States and Societies, Vol 10, No 1 (2018)
Padé approximation for a multivariate Markov transform
Creators: name: Kounchev, Ognyan
name: Render, Hermann
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: primary 41A21, secondary 41A63

description: Methods of Padé approximation are used to analyse a multivariate Markov transform which has been recently introduced by the authors, and which is generalizing the well-known in Spectral theory Stieltjes transform (Markov function) of one-dimensional measure. The first main result is a characterization of the rationality of the Markov transform via Hankel determinants. The second main result is a cubature formula for a special class of measures.
description: 23 pages
Strong-coupling solution of the bosonic dynamical mean-field theory
Creators: name: Kauch, Anna
name: Byczuk, Krzysztof
name: Vollhardt, Dieter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive an approximate analytical solution of the self-consistency equations of the bosonic dynamical mean-field theory (B-DMFT) in the strong-coupling limit. The approach is based on a linked-cluster expansion in the hybridization function of normal bosons around the atomic limit. The solution is used to compute the phase diagram of the bosonic Hubbard model for different lattices. We compare our results with numerical solutions of the B-DMFT equations and numerically exact methods, respectively. The very good agreement with those numerical results demonstrates that our approach captures the essential physics of correlated bosons both in the Mott insulator and in the superfluid phase. Close to the transition into the superfluid phase the momentum distribution function at zero momentum is found to be strongly enhanced already in the normal phase. The linked-cluster expansion also allows us to compute dynamical properties such as the spectral function of bosons. The evolution of the spectral function across the transition from the normal to the superfluid phase is seen to be characteristically different for the interaction driven and density driven transition, respectively.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures
Visible Solidarities: #Asians4BlackLives and Affective Racial Counterpublics
Creators: name: Kuo, Rachel
Publisher: name: Studies of Transition States and Societies
Year: 2018
Subjects: race, activism, affect, Asian American, digital media

description: This article examines how uses of ‘Asian-ness’ as racial presence becomes used discursively and visually to form affective racial counterpublics around #Asians4BlackLives/#Justice4AkaiGurley and #SavePeterLiang/#Justice4Liang. Specifically, I look at how how Asian American racial positioning becomes deployed in order to produce feelings of solidarity. Approaching hashtags as both indexical signifiers of solidarity and as an indexing system that archives together an array of media objects, I track media objects across multiple sites in order to examine visual modes of storytelling that affectively mobilize publics and investigate solidarity as discursively mediated, embodied, and affective phenomena. I closely examine how #SavePeterLiang protestors create narratives of victimization in response to the singularity of Liang’s racial body and how the #Asians4BlackLives selfie project uses representational visibility to activate affective politics.
description: Studies of Transition States and Societies, Vol 10, No 2 (2018)
Revenue Management Ansätze für die Auftragsannahme in der Make-to-Order Produktion unter Berücksichtigung von Kundenwertigkeiten
Creators: name: Lohnert, Nina
Publisher: name: TUHH Universitätsbibliothek
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Revenue management
subject: make-to-order
subject: booking limits
subject: Bid-prices
subject: Kundenorientierung
subject: Auftragsannahme
subject: Order acceptance
subject: Order scheduling
subject: Kapazitätssteuerung
classificationCode: 330
subject: Wirtschaft

description: Immer mehr produzierende Unternehmen beginnen die Produktion erst mit der Annahme eines Auftrags und nutzen somit das Make-to-Order Prinzip. Durch die limitierte Produktionskapazität kann jedoch nicht jeder Auftrag angenommen werden. Bei der Auftragsannahme werden die in der Regel konkurrierenden Ziele, den Profit zu maximieren und insbesondere den wichtigsten Kunden einen guten Service zu bieten, verfolgt. In dieser Dissertation werden unter Berücksichtigung beider Ziele verschiedene Revenue Management Ansätze für die Auftragsannahme entwickelt und analysiert. Es kann gezeigt werden, dass die entwickelten Revenue Management Strategien erfolgreich funktionieren und in der Lage sind, einen guten Kompromiss zwischen den konkurrierenden Zielen herzustellen.
description: More and more manufacturing companies start production only when an order has been accepted and hence, make use of the make-to-order principle. However, due to limited production capacity, not every order can be accepted. The order acceptance should pursue the usually competing objectives of maximizing profit and, in particular, providing good service to the most important customers. In this dissertation, different revenue management approaches for the order acceptance are developed and analyzed considering both objectives. It can be shown that the developed revenue management strategies work successfully and are able to establish a good trade-off between the competing objectives.
Topological insulators on a Mobius Strip
Creators: name: Huang, Langtao
name: Lee, Dung-Hai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the two dimensional Chern insulator and spin Hall insulator on a non-orientable Riemann surface, the Mobius strip, where the usual bandstructure topological invariant is not defined. We show that while the flow pattern of edge currents can detect the twist of the Mobius strip in the case of Chern insulator, it can not do so in spin Hall insulator.
description: 4 pages, 6 figures
From Irony to Solidarity: Affective Practice and Social Media Activism
Creators: name: Nikunen, Kaarina
Publisher: name: Studies of Transition States and Societies
Year: 2018
Subjects: affective practice; solidarity; social media activism; anti-immigrant movement; refugee crisis

description: This article discusses affective practice in context of social media activism. Drawing on work by Margaret Wetherell the article explores particular sensibility of political discourse and action, enhanced by the social media environment. The empirical cases involve the social media activism of anti-immigrant movement as well as solidarity activists in the context of the so called refugee crisis in Europe. It is argued that practices and sensibilities of activism enhanced and shaped by the technologies and economics of social media. While the anti-immigrant movement makes use of politics of irony on various levels from discourse to acts of trolling, solidarity movements tend to focus on compassionate, yet increasingly practical and shielded forms of practices as well as commercialized. Finally it introduces solidarity of dissonance as an opportunity for reflexive collective action and as a space to imagine alternatives.
description: Studies of Transition States and Societies, Vol 10, No 2 (2018)
Public Schools’ Websites in Estonia: Required Communication Channel but no Shared Knowledge
Creators: name: Tikerperi, Mari-Liis
Publisher: name: Studies of Transition States and Societies
Year: 2018
Subjects: schools’ communication management; public relations; information management; websites; school traditions

description: In this paper, I will explore how Estonian public schools are sharing information with their target groups on their websites. Nowadays we cannot ignore the importance of online channels in communication. Estonian public schools are using different limited-access online platforms and mailing lists to manage their communication. According to the fact that schools are public institutions, they need to be visible in public and schools’ websites have become an integral part of school public communication. In Estonian context, schools’ websites are also required by the law. The main purpose of this study is to map how public schools in Estonia address the information to their stakeholders and through that, represent themselves on their websites. The data is focused on the announcements of the first school day in Estonian basic schools, upper secondary schools, and gymnasiums (N=374). Results show that schools are using different ways to manage and present information on their web pages even though their target groups and stakeholders are similar to the wide picture.
description: Studies of Transition States and Societies, Vol 10, No 2 (2018)
Feurige Schüssel : vom Amazonas zum Null-Abfall-Klo
Creators: name: Schönborn, Andreas
Publisher: name: ZHAW Zürcher Hochschule für Angewandte Wissenschaften
Year: 2015
Subjects: Humanure
Terra preta
Pyrolyse
Neuartige Sanitärtechnologie
333.7: Landflächen, Naturerholungsgebiete

description: Am Anfang dieser Geschichte stand die Entdeckung von dauerhaft fruchtbaren Böden mit schwarzen, bis zwei Meter dicken Horizonten in der Amazonasregion. Dies war eine grosse Überraschung, denn die Humusschicht unter tropischem Regenwald ist meist nur dünn. Die Nährstoffe sind in der Biomasse des Urwalds gespeichert. Der Untergrund enthält kaum Nährstoffe und ist unfruchtbar. Wird der Wald gerodet, geht die Fruchtbarkeit rasch verloren – nicht aber auf diesen schwarzen Erden, auf Portugiesisch «Terra preta» bezeichnet. Von diesen schwarzen Erden können wir lernen, dauerhaft fruchtbare Böden und einen (fast) geschlossenen Nährstoffkreislauf zu erreichen. Dies könnte den Weg zu einer Sanitärtechnologie der Zukunft weisen.
The Process and Affordances of Platform-Specific Social Media Disconnection
Creators: name: Dremljuga, Ramona-Riin
Publisher: name: Studies of Transition States and Societies
Year: 2018
Subjects: platform-specific disconnection; disengagement; social media; affordances; user experience

description: This article examines millennials’ experience of platform-specific disconnection, focusing on the ambiguous intersection of engagement and disengagement with social media. Drawing on 16 semi-structured interviews with (non)users who have quit specific social media platforms while remaining users on other platforms, this study addresses a specific practice of social media disengagement as a phenomenon, regardless of the (non)users’ demographics. As a result, the study introduces phases leading up to platform-specific disconnection, which can extend to, or derive from, other practices of media rejection and resistance. These different stages refer to the technical and social affordances that influence users in their decision to (dis)engage with specific platforms, revealing a bias between the perception of the phenomenon and the lived experience of the disconnected. By visualizing the process of platform-specific disengagement, this paper provides novel insight into media resistance and non-use, and challenges the misconception of disconnecting in the digital age.
description: Studies of Transition States and Societies, Vol 10, No 2 (2018)
Selection rules for Raman-active electronic excitations in carbon nanotubes
Creators: name: Kashuba, Oleksiy
name: Fal'ko, Vladimir I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Raman measurements in carbon allotropes are generally associated with the exploration of the vibrational modes. Here, we present a theory of the non-resonant inelastic light scattering accompanied by the excitations of intersubband electron-hole pairs in carbon nanotubes and predict the selection rules and polarization properties of the dominant intersubband Raman active modes.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
IUNR Campus-Tag der Biodiversität : erste "Volkszählung der Biodiversität" auf dem Campus Grüental der ZHAW Wädenswil
Creators: name: Treichler Bratschi, Regula
name: Babbi, Manuel
name: Gehler, Jamyra
name: Dengler, Jürgen
Publisher: name: ZHAW Zürcher Hochschule für Angewandte Wissenschaften
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversität
Gärten Grüental
333: Bodenwirtschaft und Ressourcen

description: Jagen, fangen, pflücken, bestimmen, auflisten – das war die Devise am IUNR Campus-Tag Biodiversität, der am 6. Juni 2019 erstmals stattfand. Und zwar alles, was auf dem Gelände des Campus Grüental der ZHAW in Wädenswil an Pflanzen und Tieren an diesem Tag zu finden war. Die rund 80 Teilnehmenden, je zur Hälfte UI-Studierende und IUNR-Mitarbeitende, hatten die Qual der Wahl zwischen 11 verschiedenen Artengruppen, bei denen sie mitmachen konnten.
The Role of Institutional Trust in Estonians’ Privacy Concerns
Creators: name: Männiste, Maris
name: Masso, Anu
Publisher: name: Studies of Transition States and Societies
Year: 2018
Subjects: Privacy concerns; individual privacy; institutional privacy; trust in institutions; data inequalities

description: In this study, we attempted to contribute to previous discussions of the importance of emerging novel data sources in shaping new forms of inequalities and trust culture related to perceived privacy concerns. Our study was based on a representative survey data collected in Estonia in 2014 (n=1503). Two underlying dimensions of privacy were revealed in the analysis: (1) perceived dangers to personal privacy and, (2) perceived dangers to institutional privacy. The analysis of associations only partially confirms the assumption of structural differences in privacy concerns, social groups being somewhat more divided regarding their concerns about institutional rather than personal privacy. Groups more concerned about regarding privacy issues had more frequent social media use as well as higher social activity. The analysis also showed that trust in institutions was related to privacy concerns of different groups and may be one of the key variables explaining the adoption of new technology in Estonia. Thus, besides new structural inequalities related to data practices online, new forms of data activisms are about to emerge, based on perceptions of personal and institutional privacy.
description: Studies of Transition States and Societies, Vol 10, No 2 (2018)
Activist Localities in the Queer South
Creators: name: Sikk, Helis
Publisher: name: Studies of Transition States and Societies
Year: 2018
Subjects: activism, LGBTQ, the South, online communication

description: Cultural anthropologist Arjun Appadurai’s theories about place link together various surrounding contexts: technology, media, economics, and ideology. He sees locality as a “complex phenomenological quality” (1996, p. 178) that we should not look at as context, but instead focus on how contexts define the boundaries of localities. Appadurai’s theories help to link global and local by taking into account the various surrounding contexts: technology, media, economics, and ideology. This paper uses Appadurai’s theory as a basis to explore how localities emerge in grassroots queer activist practices that combine offline and online tactics in their organizing. I use participant observation, in-depth interviews, and content analysis to gain an understanding of the strengths and weaknesses of networked locality created by LGBTQ activists physically located in Southern United States.
description: Studies of Transition States and Societies, Vol 10, No 2 (2018)
Affordances, Affect and Audiences - Making sense of networked publics, introduction to AoIR 2017 special issue on Networked Publics
Creators: name: Tiidenberg, Katrin
name: Siibak, Andra
Publisher: name: Studies of Transition States and Societies
Year: 2018
Subjects: affordances; affect; audiences; networked publics

description: The 2017 annual conference of the Association of Internet Researchers took place in Tartu, Estonia, and was focused on networked publics, which, as the call for papers highlighted, “play an important role in shaping the political, social, economic, cultural but also moral, ethical and value-laden landscapes of contemporary life.” This special issue is comprised of papers presented at the conference (AoIR 2017) and its doctoral colloquium, and engages with the affordances that networked communication technologies (social media platforms, websites, internet based governmental or corporate infrastructures for voting or banking) have for the emergence or maintenance of networked publics; but also, and more specifically, the affordances that these networked publics have for manifestations of human affect, sociality and sociability. Our collaborators undertake analyses of networked publics of solidarity and hate (Nikunen, this issue; Kuo, this issue), connection and disconnection (Dremljuga, this issue), democratic participation and authoritarianism, tolerance and intolerance (Sikk, this issue; Kuo, this issue), as well as the affordances of networked publics for reaching one’s imagined audiences (Tikerperi, this issue) and whether these imagined audiences evoke individual and institutional trust (Männiste & Masso, this issue).
description: Studies of Transition States and Societies, Vol 10, No 2 (2018)
On some generalizations of BCC-algebras
Creators: name: Dudek, Wieslaw A.
name: Thomys, Janus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 03G25, 06F35

description: We describe weak BCC-algebras (also called BZ-algebras) in which the condition $(xy)z=(xz)y$ is satisfied only in the case when elements $x,y$ belong to the same branch. We also characterize branchwise commutative and branchwise implicative weak BCC-algebras satisfying this condition. We also describe connections between various types of implicative weak BCC-algebras.
Praxisfenster mit Überraschungspotenzial : Studierende ergänzen das Tagfalter-Inventar des Kantons Zürich
Creators: name: Schlegel, Jürg
Publisher: name: ZHAW Zürcher Hochschule für Angewandte Wissenschaften
Year: 2020
Subjects: Tagfalter
333.7: Landflächen, Naturerholungsgebiete
590: Tiere (Zoologie)

description: In vielen Gemeinden des Kantons Zürich sind die Schmetterlinge seit dem umfassenden Tagfalter-Inventar 1990/91 nicht mehr systematisch kartiert worden. Studierende des Tagfalter-Kurses im Praxismodul «Arten & Biodiversität» schaffen hier Abhilfe. Seit 2016 haben sie Erhebungen in 32 Gemeinden durchgeführt – und überraschende Funde gemacht.
Isolating intrinsic noise sources in a stochastic genetic switch
Creators: name: Newby, Jay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Subcellular Processes (q-bio.SC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The stochastic mutual repressor model is analysed using perturbation methods. This simple model of a gene circuit consists of two genes and three promotor states. Either of the two protein products can dimerize, forming a repressor molecule that binds to the promotor of the other gene. When the repressor is bound to a promotor, the corresponding gene is not transcribed and no protein is produced. Either one of the promotors can be repressed at any given time or both can be unrepressed, leaving three possible promotor states. This model is analysed in its bistable regime in which the deterministic limit exhibits two stable fixed points and an unstable saddle, and the case of small noise is considered. On small time scales, the stochastic process fluctuates near one of the stable fixed points, and on large time scales, a metastable transition can occur, where fluctuations drive the system past the unstable saddle to the other stable fixed point. To explore how different intrinsic noise sources affect these transitions, fluctuations in protein production and degradation are eliminated, leaving fluctuations in the promotor state as the only source of noise in the system. Perturbation methods are then used to compute the stability landscape and the distribution of transition times, or first exit time density. To understand how protein noise affects the system, small magnitude fluctuations are added back into the process, and the stability landscape is compared to that of the process without protein noise. It is found that significant differences in the random process emerge in the presence of protein noise.
description: 25 pages, 5 figures
Lichtblick für Zürcher Wälder
Creators: name: Schlegel, Jürg
Publisher: name: ZHAW Zürcher Hochschule für Angewandte Wissenschaften
Year: 2016
Subjects: 333.7: Landflächen, Naturerholungsgebiete

description: Der «Aktionsplan Lichte Wälder» des Kantons Zürich sieht vor, bis 2025 auf 1000 Hektaren dauerhaft lichten Wald zu erhalten oder neu zu schaffen. Davon sollen lichtbedürftige Tier- und Pflanzenarten profitieren. Die Forschungsgruppe Umweltplanung begleitet das Projekt seit 2008. Die Resultate sind höchst ermutigend: Der Nachweis von bisher 44 tagaktiven Schmetterlingen, darunter seltene Spezialisten, spricht für sich.
Unemployment and Subjective Well-being Among the Youth: Evidence from a Longitudinal Study in Poland
Creators: name: Rokicka, Magdalena
name: Palczyńska, Marta
name: Kłobuszewska, Małgorzata
Publisher: name: Studies of Transition States and Societies
Year: 2019
Subjects: unemployment; subjective well-being; youth; longitudinal data

description: The main aim of this paper is to investigate the impact of becoming unemployed on the well-being of young people. Particularly, we examine to what extent this relationship is moderated by the local unemployment rate. To address this topic, we use the Polish longitudinal dataset: Social Diagnosis: Objective and Subjective Quality of Life in Poland (2005-2015). Using a fixed effect model, we find that young individuals who lost a job feel worse off than their counterparts who remained employed, and that these effects differ by gender, with men being more susceptible to changes in the employment status. Moreover, we show that the impact of unemployment on the well-being of men is the smaller the higher the unemployment rate is. However, contrary to expectations, this effect is driven by the decreasing well-being of employed men and not by a decline in the distress level of unemployed men when aggregate unemployment grows.
description: Studies of Transition States and Societies, Vol 10, No 3 (2018)
Arginine combination with fluoride and calcium glycerophosphate: effects of concentration and on biofilm fluid
Creators: name: Miranda, Marina Lins
name: Salomão, Karina Borges
name: Delbem, Alberto Carlos Botazzo
name: Danelon, Marcelle
name: Barbosa, Elis Rodrigues Oliveira
name: Sampaio, Caio
name: Campos, Lucas Arrais
name: Brighenti, Fernanda Lourenção
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Astronomical and Space Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Virology

description: Aim: To study the influence of varying concentrations of arginine (Arg) combined with fluoride (F) and/or calcium glycerophosphate (CaGP) on biofilms. Materials & methods: Biofilms were analyzed for acidogenicity, microbial viability and Ca, F and inorganic phosphorus (P) concentrations. Results: For total bacteria, the lowest viability was found in F-containing groups, regardless of the arginine concentrations and presence of CaGP. For aciduric bacteria, no significant differences were found among arginine concentrations in the presence of F. For MS, arginine concentrations did not influence MS viability in the presence of fluoride and CaGP only decreased viability at 3.2% Arg concentration. The arginine-treated groups showed the lowest acidogenicity. For ion concentrations in biofilms, CaGP showed the highest values for P; Arg+F for F; and CaGP/Arg+CaGP for Ca. Conclusion: Different concentrations of arginine did not affect the microbial viability or acidogenicity of biofilms. Moreover, 0.8% Arg did not increase ion concentration in biofilm fluid. This study evaluated the combination of arginine with calcium glycerophosphate and fluoride. Arginine can modulate dental biofilms by increasing the pH and modifying the microbiota. Arginine promotes an ecological balance of biofilms. The combination of 0.8% Arg with NaF and/or CaGP did not influence the ion concentration in biofilms. Increasing the arginine concentration did not decrease microbial viability of the biofilms. There was no clear influence of different concentrations of arginine (Arg) in microbial viability of biofilm acidogenicity. Due to the early pH increase in the biofilm observed at 32 h, we recommend the use of the lowest Arg concentration.
Does the Context Matter? Labour Market Characteristics and Job Satisfaction Among Young European Adults Working on Temporary Contracts
Creators: name: Stasiowski, Jędrzej
name: Kłobuszewska, Małgorzata
Publisher: name: Studies of Transition States and Societies
Year: 2019
Subjects: job satisfaction; temporary contracts; youth; unemployment rate, unionisation

description: The main goal of this study is to gain a better understanding of the relationship between job satisfaction and temporary work among youth in the EU, while considering the role of the context of countries’ labour market characteristics. To address this issue, we use the EU-SILC 2013 database, with an ad hoc module on well-being, which we supplement with macro indicators from Eurostat and ILO. Our findings show that a higher unemployment rate is associated with a lower job satisfaction among youth. Moreover, country-level variables moderate the negative impact of temporary work on the level of job satisfaction among young workers. The negative effect of temporary work is stronger in countries with a higher unemployment rate and a lower level of unionisation.
description: Studies of Transition States and Societies, Vol 10, No 3 (2018)
Umweltbildung im "Anthropozän"
Creators: name: Baur, Priska
name: Minsch, Jürg
Publisher: name: ZHAW Zürcher Hochschule für Angewandte Wissenschaften
Year: 2016
Subjects: Vielfalt
Konsumpatriotismus
Perspektivenwechsel
Dualistisch
333.7: Landflächen, Naturerholungsgebiete
370: Bildung und Erziehung

description: Umweltbildung stellt die Menschen in den Mittelpunkt. Sie zielt darauf ab, dass wir unsere Bereitschaft und unsere Fähigkeiten entwickeln, uns unvoreingenommen, konstruktiv und kompetent in die Gesellschaft einzubringen. Bildung ist eine Grundvoraussetzung für ökologisch bewusstes Handeln in einer komplexen Welt und schützt vor irreführenden Vereinfachungen und ideologischen Positionen. Und: Umweltbildung will Mut machen.
Optimale Standortbedingungen für Trockenrasen : Bachelorarbeit in Zusammenarbeit mit dem Kanton Zürich
Creators: name: Büchler, Marc-Olivier
name: Dengler, Jürgen
Publisher: name: ZHAW Zürcher Hochschule für Angewandte Wissenschaften
Year: 2021
Subjects: 577: Ökologie

description: Halbnatürliche Halbtrockenrasen wie jene des Verbandes Mesobromion gehören zu den artenreichsten Habitattypen Europas in Bezug auf Gefässpflanzen und zahlreiche andere taxonomische Gruppen. Zugleich unterliegen sie seit 1900 einem erheblichen Flächenverlust und gehören heutzutage zu den gefährdeten Lebensräumen. Marc Büchler hat 2019 in der Forschungsgruppe Vegetationsökologie eine Bachelorarbeit geschrieben, in der er analysiert hat, welches heute die entscheidenden Faktoren für die Erhaltung oder Neuschaffung von Halbtrockenrasen von hohem Naturschutzwert sind.