cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Developing IPEC Competencies for an Evolving Professional Landscape: Q&A with Jeffery Stewart, DDS
Creators: name: Zomorodi, Meg
Publisher: name: North Carolina Institute of Medicine
Year: 2024

description: Jeffery Stewart, DDS, MS, a consultant to the American Dental Education Association, met with Meg Zomorodi, PhD, RN, ANEF, FAAN, of UNC-Chapel Hill, to discuss the latest revisions to the IPEC Core Competencies for Interprofessional Collaborative Practice. Released in November 2023, these updated competencies build on previous versions from 2011 and 2016 to incorporate the perspectives of seven new IPEC member organizations and reflect the continuously evolving research, policy, education, and practice landscape.
Comparison of US County-Level Public Health Performance Rankings With County Cluster and National Rankings: Assessment Based on Prevalence Rates of Smoking and Obesity and Motor Vehicle Crash Death Rates
Creators: name: Wallace, M
name: Lessler, J
name: Kaminsky, J
name: Sharfstein, J.M
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2019

description: Importance: Health departments can be grouped together based on sociodemographic characteristics of the population served. Comparisons within these groups can then help with monitoring and improving the health of their populations. Objective: To compare county-level percentile rankings on outcomes of smoking, motor vehicle crash deaths, and obesity within sociodemographic peer clusters vs nationwide rankings. Design, Setting, and Participants: This cross-sectional, population-based study of demographic and health data from the 2014 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System and the 2016 Robert Wood Johnson Foundation County Health Rankings data set was conducted at 3139 of 3143 US counties and county-equivalents. Four locations were excluded due to incomplete data. Data analysis was conducted between January and August 2017. Exposures: Random forest algorithms were used to identify sociodemographic characteristics most associated with the outcomes of interest. These characteristics were race and ethnicity, educational attainment, age, marital status, employment status, sex, and health insurance status. k-means clustering was used to cluster counties based on these sociodemographic characteristics and the percentage of the county classified as rural. Main Outcomes and Measures: County-level smoking prevalence, motor vehicle crash death rate, and obesity prevalence. County percentile rankings on the outcomes of interest were compared in the national context and the within-cluster context. Results: A total of 318 856 967 individuals (mean [SD] individuals per county, 101 579.2 [326 315]; 161 911 910 women [50.8%]) were represented by the 3139 counties used in this analysis. Eight distinct sociodemographic clusters throughout the United States were found. Cluster-specific percentile rankings for both smoking prevalence and motor vehicle crash death rates improved more than 70 percentile points for several counties in the rural, American Indian cluster compared with the nationwide percentiles. Conversely, the young, urban, middle to high socioeconomic status cluster included counties with cluster-specific percentile rankings that declined by 60 percentile points or more compared with the nationwide rankings for all 3 outcomes of interest. Conclusions and Relevance: Comparing county health outcomes on a nationwide or statewide basis fails to adequately account for sociodemographic context. Clustering counties by sociodemographic factors related to the outcome of interest allows a better understanding of other factors that may be shaping the prevalence of health outcomes. These groupings may also aid learning exchange.
The use of GPS data loggers to describe the impact of spatio-temporal movement patterns on malaria control in a high-transmission area of northern Zambia
Creators: name: Shields, T
name: Lessler, J
name: Kobayashi, T
name: Moss, W.J
name: Mulenga, M
name: Sikalima, J
name: Lupiya, J
name: Lubinda, J
name: Chaponda, M
name: Hast, M
name: Searle, K.M
Publisher: name: BioMed Central Ltd.
Year: 2019

description: Background: Human movement is a driver of malaria transmission and has implications for sustainable malaria control. However, little research has been done on the impact of fine-scale movement on malaria transmission and control in high-transmission settings. As interest in targeted malaria control increases, evaluations are needed to determine the appropriateness of these strategies in the context of human mobility across a variety of transmission settings. Methods: A human mobility study was conducted in Nchelenge District, a high-transmission setting in northern Zambia. Over 1 year, 84 participants were recruited from active malaria surveillance cohorts to wear a global positioning system data logger for 1 month during all daily activity. Participants completed a survey questionnaire and underwent malaria testing and treatment at the time of logger distribution and at collection 1 month later. Incident malaria infections were identified using polymerase chain reaction. Participant movement was characterized throughout the study area and across areas targeted for an indoor residual spraying (IRS) intervention. Participant movement patterns were compared using movement intensity maps, activity space plots, and statistical analyses. Malaria risk was characterized across participants using spatial risk maps and time spent away from home during peak vector biting hours. Results: Movement data were collected from 82 participants, and 63 completed a second study visit. Participants exhibited diverse mobility patterns across the study area, including movement into and out of areas targeted for IRS, potentially mitigating the impact of IRS on parasite prevalence. Movement patterns did not differ significantly by season or age, but male participants traveled longer distances and spent more time away from home. Monthly malaria incidence was 22%, and malaria risk was characterized as high across participants. Participants with incident parasitemia traveled a shorter distance and spent more time away from home during peak biting hours; however, these relationships were not statistically significant, and malaria risk score did not differ by incident parasitemia. Conclusions: Individual movement patterns in Nchelenge District, Zambia have implications for malaria control, particularly the effectiveness of targeted IRS strategies. Large and fine-scale population mobility patterns should be considered when planning intervention strategies across transmission settings.
Medina, P. (2022). Estos ensayos no tienen principio ni fin. Textos para perder la orilla sobre la obra de Jorge Eduardo Eielson. Ediciones MYL
Creators: name: Pari, Carlos Rubens López
Publisher: name: Universidad de Alicante Servicio de Publicaciones
Year: 2024

description: La revista América sin Nombre, está especializada en la publicación de estudios en Literatura Hispanoamericana de todas las épocas. Se trata de una de las pocas publicaciones centradas exclusivamente en la literatura hispanoamericana dentro del ámbito universitario español. Su objetivo es la publicación de trabajos de calidad e interés, originales e inéditos, referidos a dichos estudios.
Where's my class? using web 2.0 for collaboration in a design environment
Creators: name: Zeeng, Lynette
name: Robbie, Diane
name: Adams, Keith Markham
name: Hutchison, Clive
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: This paper builds on the successful implementation of Web 2.0 technology in a first-year photography subject within a design education program. The success of the subject is now being expanded to create a dynamic, global classroom introducing students to international perspectives. This paper describes the setting up of a universal partnership and collaborative steps taken to design, develop and implement learning and assessment tasks. Logistical considerations of time zone, student numbers, year levels, existing curriculum and learning outcomes agreeable and paramount to all parties are explained. Setting the parameters to create a global classroom has demanded strict guidelines and planning to create an effective partnership. To achieve this, extensive communication and consensus between the teachers was required to establish a pedagogically sound learning environment.
Oxytorus luridator
Creators: name: Riedel
name: Pénigot
name: Schwarz
name: Diller
name: Johansson
name: Japoshvili, G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Ichneumonidae
Oxytorus
Oxytorus luridator

description: Oxytorus luridator (GRAVENHORST, 1820)
M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: Trap 2: 1♀ 1-15.vi., 1♀ 27.vii.-10.viii.; trap 7: 1♀ 20.v.-1.vi., 1♀ 2♁♁ 25-29.vi., 1♀ 1♁ 29.vi.-13.vi., 1♀ 13-27.vii., 1♀ 27.vii.-10.viii., 1♀ 10-24.viii., 1♀ 7.-21.ix., 1♀ 1♁ 21.ix.-5.x., 1♀ 5-19.x., 1♀ 1♁ 19.x.-3.xi.; trap 8: 1♀ 15-29.vi.; trap 12: 1♀ 10-24.viii.
D i s t r i b u t i o n: Western Palaearctic, known from Georgia (HUMALA 2003, RIEDEL et al. 2018, RIEDEL & JAPOSHVILI 2021).
description: Published as part of Riedel, Pénigot, Schwarz, Diller, Johansson & Japoshvili, G., 2023, Darwin wasps (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) of the Kintrishi National Park, Sakartvelo (Georgia), with descriptions of six new species, pp. 61-153 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 55 (1) on pages 119-120, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10788481
Anonymous Complaint Aggregation for Secure Messaging
Creators: name: Eskandarian, Saba
name: Bell, Connor
Publisher: name: Privacy Enhancing Technologies Symposium Advisory Board
Year: 2024

description: Private messaging platforms provide strong protection against platform eavesdropping, but malicious users can use privacy as cover for spreading abuse and misinformation. In an attempt to identify the sources of misinformation on private platforms, researchers have proposed mechanisms to trace back the source of a user-reported message (CCS '19,'21). Unfortunately, the threat model considered by initial proposals allowed a single user to compromise the privacy of another user whose legitimate content the reporting user did not like. More recent work has attempted to mitigate this side effect by requiring a threshold number of users to report a message before its origins can be identified (NDSS '22). However, the state of the art scheme requires the introduction of new probabilistic data structures and only achieves a "fuzzy" threshold guarantee. Moreover, false positives, where the source of an unreported message is identified, are possible. This paper introduces a new threshold source tracking technique that allows a private messaging platform, with the cooperation of a third-party moderator, to operate a threshold reporting scheme with exact thresholds and no false positives. Unlike prior work, our techniques require no modification of the message delivery process for a standard source tracking scheme, affecting only the abuse reporting procedure, and do not require tuning of probabilistic data structures.
Insight into the mechanism of end-of-day far-red light (EODFR)-induced shade avoidance responses in Arabidopsis thaliana
Creators: name: Mizuno, Takeshi
name: Oka, Haruka
name: Yoshimura, Fumi
name: Ishida, Kai
name: Yamashino, Takafumi
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Ecology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: Plant Biology

description: Shade avoidance responses are changes in plant architecture to reduce the part of a body that is in the shade in natural habitats. The most common warning signal that induces shade avoidance responses is reduction of red/far-red light ratio perceived by phytochromes. A pair of basic helix–loop–helix transcription factors, named PHYTOCHROME-INTERACTING FACTOR 4 (PIF4) and PIF5, is crucially involved in the shade avoidance-induced hypocotyl elongation in Arabidopsis thaliana. It has been recently reported that PIF7 also plays a role in this event. Here, we examined the involvement of these PIFs in end-of-day far-red light (EODFR) responses under light and dark cycle conditions. It was shown that PIF7 played a predominant role in the EODFR-dependent hypocotyl elongation. We propose the mechanism by which PIF7 together with PIF4 and PIF5 coordinately transcribes a set of downstream genes to promote elongation of hypocotyls in response to the EODFR treatment. PIF7-dependent EODFR responses are observed immediately after the FR light treatment, while PIF4/PIF5 dependent responses are observed at the end of night. PIF7 and PIF4/5 regulate downstream target genes independently in an additive manner.
A Novel Approach to Tinnitus Habituation Leveraging Real-Time EEG Analysis, Generative AI, and Wearable Technology - Neuroplasticity.  E.E.G.  Generative-AI. Pods
Creators: name: Billions, Ava
name: Knight, Chris
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Abstract

Tinnitus, characterized by a persistent phantom ringing or buzzing sound, significantly impacts quality of life. While current treatments primarily focus on masking or managing symptoms, TinnHush.ai N.E.G. Pods introduce a groundbreaking approach targeting tinnitus habituation. This paper presents a novel integrated system combining real-time electroencephalography (EEG), generative artificial intelligence (AI), and advanced signal processing within a wearable earbud device. This system aims to analyze a user's unique tinnitus frequency signature, generate personalized sound therapies, and facilitate neural habituation to reduce tinnitus perception. We discuss the theoretical framework, methodology, potential advantages, and future research directions for this innovative tinnitus intervention.

1. Introduction

Tinnitus affects millions worldwide, with a significant proportion experiencing severe distress and functional impairment [1]. Conventional therapies, including sound masking, cognitive-behavioral therapy, and pharmaceutical interventions, often provide limited or temporary relief [2]. The lack of curative treatments highlights a critical need for novel approaches targeting the underlying mechanisms of tinnitus.

Neuroplasticity, the brain's capacity to reorganize itself, is a key concept within tinnitus research. The persistence of tinnitus is believed to be linked to maladaptive neuroplastic changes within the auditory cortex and networks involved in attention and salience [3]. Habituation-based therapies seek to retrain the brain to reclassify tinnitus as a non-threatening signal, gradually decreasing awareness of the sound [4].

TinnHush.ai N.E.G. Pods address this challenge by harnessing cutting-edge technologies within an integrated framework:

Real-time EEG Monitoring: Incorporates EEG sensors to directly monitor brain activity related to tinnitus perception and attention.

Generative AI: Employs a custom Variational Autoencoder (VAE) to learn the user's unique tinnitus characteristics and generate tailored sound therapy.

Advanced Signal Processing and Edge Inferencing: Utilizes the Qualcomm Elite mobile chip for high-fidelity sound processing and on-device AI inferencing, ensuring fast and responsive therapy delivery.
Occupational tasks associated with shoulder pain and upper extremity disability: a cross-sectional study in the Johnston County Osteoarthritis Project
Creators: name: Golightly, Yvonne M.
name: Cleveland, Rebecca J.
name: Alvarez, Carolina
name: Nelson, Amanda E.
name: Yanik, Elizabeth L.
Publisher: name: Springer Nature
Year: 2024

description: Background Shoulder pain is a leading cause of disability. Occupations requiring high upper extremity demands may put workers at greater risk of shoulder injury and resulting pain. We examined associations of occupation with shoulder pain and upper extremity disability in the Johnston County Osteoarthritis Project. Methods Work industry and occupational tasks for the longest job held were collected from participants. At follow-up ranging from 4–10 years later, participants were asked about shoulder symptoms (pain, aching, or stiffness occurring most days of 1 month in the last year) and given a 9-item, modified Disabilities Arm Shoulder and Hand (DASH) questionnaire to categorize disability from 0–4 (none-worst). Logistic regression and cumulative logit regression models were used to estimate associations with prevalent shoulder symptoms and with worse disability category, respectively. Models were adjusted for cohort, age, sex, race, education and time to follow-up. Sex- and race-stratified associations were evaluated. Results Among 1560 included participants, mean age was 62 years (standard deviation ± 9 years); 32% were men, and 31% were Black. Compared to the managerial/professional industry, higher odds of both shoulder symptoms and worse upper extremity disability were seen for most industrial groups with physically demanding jobs, particularly the service industry. Work that often or always required lifting/moving > 10 lbs. was associated with higher odds of shoulder symptoms. Work that sometimes or always required heavy work while standing was associated with higher odds of shoulder symptoms, and this association was stronger among men and White workers. Conclusion Physically demanding occupations were associated with increased occurrence of shoulder pain and disability. Mitigating specific physical work demands may reduce shoulder-related disability.
Political and cultural representation in Malaysian websites
Creators: name: Adrian Tong, Min Choy
name: Robertson, Keith
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: Acknowledging cultural differences in the development of visual interface design is an important factor in many multicultural settings. This research investigates the cultural and ethnic mix of Malaysia by taking an official government website as a case study. In Malaysia, Malays, Chinese and Indians live in a pluralistic society but are treated by the government as separate communities. Each ethnic group has been able to retain its cultural identity through maintaining and being allowed to maintain their individual languages, religion and traditions. Malaysia's brand of multiculturalism endeavours to consider diversity as a positive resource, with government policy promoting tolerance between the major ethnic groups to maintain a harmonious and unified society. Vision 2020 has been initiated by the Malay Government to fulfill this goal of promoting intercultural understanding within Malaysia's multi-ethnic society. This research investigates effective strategies for the development of a truly representative visual interface design within a multicultural context in the spirit of Vision 2020. This project adopts Power Distance (PD) from Hoftstede's model of cultural analysis, and Aaron Marcus's approach to multi-dimensional web-interface analysis to identify current representations of multicultural Malaysia. 'Cultural Markers' and case study analysis are used to investigate cultural inclusion and to accommodate a more accurate expression of revised government policy.
Collective intelligence and bush fire spotting
Creators: name: Howden, David J.
name: Hendtlass, Tim
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: Bush fires cause major damage each year in many areas of the world and the earlier that they can be detected the easier it is to minimize this damage. This paper describes a collective intelligence algorithm that performs localized rather than centralized control of a number of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) that can survey complex areas for fires, devoting attention in proportion to the user specified importance of each area. Simulation shows that not only is the algorithm able to perform this action successfully, it is also able to automatically adapt to a simulated malfunction in one of the UAVs.
Die Wanderlust der Montafoner? Zur Kulturgeschichte der Krautschneider im Süden Vorarlbergs
Creators: name: Kasper, Michael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Saisonarbeit
alpine history
Montafon
Krautschneider
social history

description: Im Beitrag steht die Geschichte der alpinen Arbeitsmigration am Beispiel der Montafoner Krautschneider im Fokus.
Improved inference of time-varying reproduction numbers during infectious disease outbreaks
Creators: name: Cauchemez, S
name: Jombart, T
name: Cori, A
name: Dahlqwist, E
name: Polonsky, J.A
name: Miguel, E
name: Demarsh, P.A
name: Thompson, R.N
name: Li, S
name: van Gaalen, R.D
name: Lessler, J
name: Kamvar, Z.N
name: Stockwin, J.E
Publisher: name: Elsevier B.V.
Year: 2019

description: Accurate estimation of the parameters characterising infectious disease transmission is vital for optimising control interventions during epidemics. A valuable metric for assessing the current threat posed by an outbreak is the time-dependent reproduction number, i.e. the expected number of secondary cases caused by each infected individual. This quantity can be estimated using data on the numbers of observed new cases at successive times during an epidemic and the distribution of the serial interval (the time between symptomatic cases in a transmission chain). Some methods for estimating the reproduction number rely on pre-existing estimates of the serial interval distribution and assume that the entire outbreak is driven by local transmission. Here we show that accurate inference of current transmissibility, and the uncertainty associated with this estimate, requires: (i) up-to-date observations of the serial interval to be included, and; (ii) cases arising from local transmission to be distinguished from those imported from elsewhere. We demonstrate how pathogen transmissibility can be inferred appropriately using datasets from outbreaks of H1N1 influenza, Ebola virus disease and Middle-East Respiratory Syndrome. We present a tool for estimating the reproduction number in real-time during infectious disease outbreaks accurately, which is available as an R software package (EpiEstim 2.2). It is also accessible as an interactive, user-friendly online interface (EpiEstim App), permitting its use by non-specialists. Our tool is easy to apply for assessing the transmission potential, and hence informing control, during future outbreaks of a wide range of invading pathogens.
The integration of whole‐genome resequencing and ecological niche modelling to conserve profiles of local adaptation
Creators: name: DeWoody, J. Andrew
name: Mularo, Andrew J.
name: Jeon, Jong Yoon
name: Feng, Xiao
name: Shin, Yucheol
Publisher: name: Wiley
Year: 2024

description: Background Ecological and genomic attributes of populations can provide two orthologous perspectives on the biological profiles associated with local adaptation. The ability of organisms to track suitable habitats (ecological adaptability) and of populations to shift allele frequencies (adaptive potential) are prerequisite for population sustainability.   Aims Many contemporary populations are threatened by habitat loss (ecological vulnerability) and a lack of adaptive potential (evolutionary vulnerability). Technical advances provide new opportunities to address these challenges in biological conservation: Future habitat shifts can be predicted by ecological niche modelling and adaptive genetic diversity can be discerned using genome sequence data. Together, these two approaches illuminate the local adaptation profile and help identify the environmental and genomic conditions that should maximize evolutionary fitness.   Materials and Methods Here, we reviewed the primary literature to identify key studies that utilize both whole‐genome resequencing (WGR) and ecological niche modelling (ENM) in an effort to envisage future research directions that may benefit conservation efforts.   Results We identified ways to integrate different approaches, such as ENM‐informed adaptive genomics and adaptive genomics‐informed ENMs, that can be used to delineate and conserve local adaptation profiles.   Discussion Integrative approaches can identify adaptive characteristics, vulnerable populations subject to environmental changes, and the patterns of local adaptation from geographic and genomic analyses. We discuss future research directions, limitations and their potential solutions with suggestions for collaborative workflows.   Conclusion The integration of WGR and ENM is promising with their continuous advancement. An integrative approach can be used to evaluate eco‐evolutionary attributes, at both organismal and molecular levels, that can be used to help conserve local adaptation profiles.
Experimental and Theoretical Studies of Actinide and Lanthanide Ion Transport Across Supported Liquid Membranes
Creators: name: Nee, Ko
name: Nilsson, Mikael
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Chemistry
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Microbiology
subject: Physics
subject: Biochemistry

description: In this work, we propose a new transport mechanism for metal ions relevant for used nuclear fuel separation processes by a supported liquid membrane (SLM). Two SLM extraction systems were investigated where the membrane was impregnated with either di-(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid (HDEHP) or tributyl phosphate (TBP). A HDEHP impregnated membrane was used to extract neodymium (III), representative of a typical trivalent lanthanide. Cerium, which was oxidized by sodium bismuthate from trivalent to tetravalent state, was extracted by TBP. Oxidized cerium was used as a surrogate for oxidized americium to investigate the kinetics and possibility of americium and curium separation by membrane extraction. Both extraction systems were operated at varying nitric acid concentrations, and changes in the kinetics and extraction efficiency of metal ions were investigated. The proposed transport mechanism that was chosen for our studies was modified from the previous works by Danesi et al.[1,2] and Cussler et al.[3] The mechanism was selected due to the ability to accommodate and describe transport phenomena across a SLM when formation of extractant nano-channels in the membrane may exist. We were able to obtain acceptable fit of the models to our overall data trends although chemical and physical conditions must be well established and purity and homogeneity of the membrane are critical. A reverse transport of metal ions was observed when leaving the system for longer times which agrees with our model. The membrane was investigated for degradation and shown to be stable after contact with up to 7 M nitric acid for over 2000 minutes. Finally, we examined the possibility of partitioning americium from curium using a SLM impregnated by TBP. Separation of americium from curium was observed although not to a degree that was expected based on the Ce(IV) transport. Incomplete oxidation of Am(III) to Am(V) and reduction of Am(VI) on the membrane surface are possible causes for this observed discrepancy. Our model was, however, able to accurately predict Cm(III) transport through the membrane.
Insight into the mechanism of end-of-day far-red light (EODFR)-induced shade avoidance responses in Arabidopsis thaliana
Creators: name: Mizuno, Takeshi
name: Oka, Haruka
name: Yoshimura, Fumi
name: Ishida, Kai
name: Yamashino, Takafumi
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Biophysics

description: Shade avoidance responses are changes in plant architecture to reduce the part of a body that is in the shade in natural habitats. The most common warning signal that induces shade avoidance responses is reduction of red/far-red light ratio perceived by phytochromes. A pair of basic helix–loop–helix transcription factors, named PHYTOCHROME-INTERACTING FACTOR 4 (PIF4) and PIF5, is crucially involved in the shade avoidance-induced hypocotyl elongation in Arabidopsis thaliana. It has been recently reported that PIF7 also plays a role in this event. Here, we examined the involvement of these PIFs in end-of-day far-red light (EODFR) responses under light and dark cycle conditions. It was shown that PIF7 played a predominant role in the EODFR-dependent hypocotyl elongation. We propose the mechanism by which PIF7 together with PIF4 and PIF5 coordinately transcribes a set of downstream genes to promote elongation of hypocotyls in response to the EODFR treatment.
Improving frame-bound-ratio for frames generated by oversampled filter banks
Creators: name: Chai, Li
name: Zhang, Jingxin
name: Zhang, Cishen
name: Mosca, Edoardo
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: This paper presents a simple method to improve the frame-bounds-ratio of perfect reconstruction (PR) oversampled filter banks (FBs) by adjusting the gain of each subband filter. For a given analysis PRFB, a finite convex optimization algorithm is presented to redesign the subband gains such that the frame-bounds-ratio of the FB is minimized. The algorithm also provides an effective way to compute the frame bounds. Examples show the effectiveness of the presented method.
Synthesis of Novel Spiro[indol-2,2′-pyrroles] Using Isocyanide-Based Multicomponent Reaction
Creators: name: Venkataprasad Jalli
name: Suvratha Krishnamurthy
name: Hiroyoshi Kawasaki
name: Moriguchi, Tetsuji
name: Tsuge, Akihiko
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Chemistry
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Biophysics

description: An efficient and facile method for the synthesis of novel spiro[indole-2,2′-pyrroles] from N-methyl-3-isatin imines, t-butyl isocyanide, and dialkyl acetylenedicarboxylate has been achieved by [3 + 2] cyclo addition reaction. All the products were purified by column chromatography as yellow solids and confirmed with 1H NMR, 13C NMR, fast atom bombardment, mass, and infrared. Compound 11 was further confirmed with x-ray analysis.
Management of status epilepticus in pregnancy: a clinician survey
Creators: name: LaRoche, Suzette
name: Swor, Dionne
name: Rosenow, Felix
name: Constantine, Charlotte
name: Mann, Catrin
name: Juneja, Pallavi
Publisher: name: Springer Nature
Year: 2024

description: Background Status epilepticus in pregnancy (SEP) is rare and life-threatening for both mother and fetus. There are well-established guidelines for the management of women with epilepsy during pregnancy; however, there is little evidence guiding the management of SEP, leading to uncertainty among treating physicians. Therefore, this survey aims to investigate the real-world practices of physicians treating SEP to explore management approaches for improvements in care. Methods An anonymous, electronic survey was created and distributed to neurointensivists and neurologists between September and December 2021. Results One hundred physicians initiated the survey and 95 completed it in full: 87 (87%, 87/100) identified neurology as their primary specialty, 31 had subspecialty training in neurocritical care, and 48 had subspecialty training in epilepsy and/or clinical neurophysiology. Over half of the survey respondents (67%, 67/100) reported having participated in the management of SEP, with 48.9% (49/98) having done so in the past year. Most survey respondents (73%, 73/100) reported that their management approach to SEP is different than that of non-pregnant patients. Survey respondents were more likely to involve epilepsy consultants when treating SEP (58.5%, 58/99) and the vast majority involved Obstetrics/Maternal Fetal Medicine consultants (90.8%, 89/98). Survey respondents showed a clear preference for levetiracetam (89.7%, 87/97) in the treatment of benzodiazepine refractory status epilepticus followed by lacosamide (61%, 60/98) if an additional second line agent was needed. Valproate and phenobarbital were unlikely to be used. There was less agreement for the management of refractory and super-refractory SEP. Conclusions Levetiracetam is the most frequently used anti-seizure medication (ASM) for benzodiazepine-refractory SEP. Survey participants tended to manage SEP differently than in non-pregnant patients including greater involvement of interdisciplinary teams as well as avoidance of ASMs associated with known teratogenicity.
Axial Mixing and Mass Transfer Performance of an Annular Pulsed Disc-and-Doughnut Column
Creators: name: Liu, Jian-Quan
name: Li, Shao-Wei
name: Jing, Shan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Microbiology
subject: Engineering
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Biophysics

description: The annular pulsed disc-and-doughnut column (APDDC) is an important type of extraction equipment in the PUREX process, which has been used in several commercial reprocessing plants. As there are few mass transfer experimental results reported in the literature, the axial mixing and mass transfer performance of an APDDC was studied for both extraction and stripping processes in the present work. Two parameters in the axial dispersion model (ADM), namely, the axial dispersion coefficient of the continuous phase and the number of mass transfer units, were regressed by correlating ADM with experimental concentration profiles. The influence of flow rate and pulsation intensity on these parameters was also investigated. Models developed for the PDDC were tested for correlation with APDDC experimental data and suitable models and conditions were determined. The height of a mass transfer unit was also calculated, which highlights the impact of axial mixing on mass transfer performance. Moreover, the influence of internal wettability on mass transfer performance was discussed.
Primordial aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases preferred minihelices to full-length tRNA
Creators: name: Douglas, Jordan
name: Carter, Charles W
name: Tang, Guo Qing
name: Hu, Hao
Publisher: name: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Year: 2024

description: Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (AARS) and tRNAs translate the genetic code in all living cells. Little is known about how their molecular ancestors began to enforce the coding rules for the expression of their own genes. Schimmel et al. proposed in 1993 that AARS catalytic domains began by reading an 'operational' code in the acceptor stems of tRNA minihelices. We show here that the enzymology of an AARS urzyme•TΨC-minihelix cognate pair is a rich in vitro realization of that idea. The TΨC-minihelixLeu is a very poor substrate for full-length Leucyl-tRNA synthetase. It is a superior RNA substrate for the corresponding urzyme, LeuAC. LeuAC active-site mutations shift the choice of both amino acid and RNA substrates. AARS urzyme•minihelix cognate pairs are thus small, pliant models for the ancestral decoding hardware. They are thus an ideal platform for detailed experimental study of the operational RNA code.
Aclastus micator
Creators: name: Riedel
name: Pénigot
name: Schwarz
name: Diller
name: Johansson
name: Japoshvili, G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Ichneumonidae
Aclastus
Aclastus micator

description: Aclastus micator (GRAVENHORST, 1807)
M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: Trap4: 1♀ 27.vii.-10.viii.
D i s t r i b u t i o n: Holarctic, known from Azerbaijan (JONAITIS & ALIEV 1983a), new record for Georgia.
description: Published as part of Riedel, Pénigot, Schwarz, Diller, Johansson & Japoshvili, G., 2023, Darwin wasps (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) of the Kintrishi National Park, Sakartvelo (Georgia), with descriptions of six new species, pp. 61-153 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 55 (1) on page 120, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10788481
Risk factors for household vector abundance using indoor CDC light traps in a high malaria transmission area of Northern Zambia
Creators: name: Stevenson, J.C
name: Lessler, J
name: Hast, M.A
name: Moss, W.J
name: Shields, T
name: Chaponda, M
name: Kabuya, J.-B
name: Muleba, M
name: Mulenga, M
name: Norris, D.E
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2019

description: Malaria transmission is dependent on the density and distribution of mosquito vectors, but drivers of vector abundance have not been adequately studied across a range of transmission settings. To inform intervention strategies for high-burden areas, further investigation is needed to identify predictors of vector abundance. Active household (HH) surveillance was conducted in Nchelenge district, Luapula Province, northern Zambia, a high-transmission setting with limited impact ofmalaria control. Between April 2012 and July 2017,mosquitoeswere collected indoors during HH visits using CDC light traps. Demographic, environmental, and climatological correlates of vector abundance were identified using log-binomial regressionmodels with robust standard errors. The primarymalaria vectors in this setting were Anopheles funestus sensu stricto (s.s.) andAnopheles gambiae s.s. Anopheles funestus predominated inboth seasons, with a peak in the dry season. Anopheles gambiae peaked at lower numbers in the rainy season. Environmental, climatic, and demographic factors were correlated with HH vector abundance. Higher vector counts were found in rural areas with low population density and among HHs close to roads and small streams. Vector counts were lower with increasing elevation and slope. Anopheles funestus was negatively associated with rainfall at lags of 2-6weeks, and An. gambiae was positively associated with rainfall at lags of 3-10 weeks. Both vectors had varying relationships with temperature. These results suggest thatmalaria vector control in Nchelenge district should occur throughout the year, with an increased focus on dry-season transmission and rural areas.
Quantifying the Risk and Cost of Active Monitoring for Infectious Diseases
Creators: name: Vora, N.M
name: Reich, N.G
name: Varma, J.K
name: Lessler, J
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: During outbreaks of deadly emerging pathogens (e.g., Ebola, MERS-CoV) and bioterror threats (e.g., smallpox), actively monitoring potentially infected individuals aims to limit disease transmission and morbidity. Guidance issued by CDC on active monitoring was a cornerstone of its response to the West Africa Ebola outbreak. There are limited data on how to balance the costs and performance of this important public health activity. We present a framework that estimates the risks and costs of specific durations of active monitoring for pathogens of significant public health concern. We analyze data from New York City's Ebola active monitoring program over a 16-month period in 2014-2016. For monitored individuals, we identified unique durations of active monitoring that minimize expected costs for those at "low (but not zero) risk" and "some or high risk": 21 and 31 days, respectively. Extending our analysis to smallpox and MERS-CoV, we found that the optimal length of active monitoring relative to the median incubation period was reduced compared to Ebola due to less variable incubation periods. Active monitoring can save lives but is expensive. Resources can be most effectively allocated by using exposure-risk categories to modify the duration or intensity of active monitoring.
Contact tracing performance during the Ebola epidemic in Liberia, 2014-2015
Creators: name: Swanson, K.C
name: Ahmed, T
name: Hamblion, E.L
name: Wesseh, C.S
name: Altare, C
name: Lessler, J
name: Altmann, M
name: Nyenswah, T
name: Eyal, N
name: Peters, D.H
Publisher: name: Public Library of Science
Year: 2018

description: Background: During the Ebola virus disease (EVD) epidemic in Liberia, contact tracing was implemented to rapidly detect new cases and prevent further transmission. We describe the scope and characteristics of contact tracing in Liberia and assess its performance during the 2014–2015 EVD epidemic. Methodology/Principal findings: We performed a retrospective descriptive analysis of data collection forms for contact tracing conducted in six counties during June 2014–July 2015. EVD case counts from situation reports in the same counties were used to assess contact tracing coverage and sensitivity. Contacts who presented with symptoms and/or died, and monitoring was stopped, were classified as “potential cases”. Positive predictive value (PPV) was defined as the proportion of traced contacts who were identified as potential cases. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used to identify characteristics among potential cases. We analyzed 25,830 contact tracing records for contacts who had monitoring initiated or were last exposed between June 4, 2014 and July 13, 2015. Contact tracing was initiated for 26.7% of total EVD cases and detected 3.6% of all new cases during this period. Eighty-eight percent of contacts completed monitoring, and 334 contacts were identified as potential cases (PPV = 1.4%). Potential cases were more likely to be detected early in the outbreak; hail from rural areas; report multiple exposures and symptoms; have household contact or direct bodily or fluid contact; and report nausea, fever, or weakness compared to contacts who completed monitoring. Conclusions/Significance: Contact tracing was a critical intervention in Liberia and represented one of the largest contact tracing efforts during an epidemic in history. While there were notable improvements in implementation over time, these data suggest there were limitations to its performance—particularly in urban districts and during peak transmission. Recommendations for improving performance include integrated surveillance, decentralized management of multidisciplinary teams, comprehensive protocols, and community-led strategies.
Spread of Covid-19: a Study Case of Honduras, Forecasting with Logistic Model and SIR Model
Creators: name: GUERRERO FLORES, DANNY JOEL
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Logistic model
SIR model
Covid-19
Forecasting
Math Teaching

description: In this compilation, the logistic model and the SIR model are tested to forecast the spread of Covid-19 virus in Honduras by using the software Matlab. The mathematics topics involved are presented in a friendly way to facilitate their reading and to identify some possible didactic practices derived from their application. Certainly, some graphs, data arrangements and comments about the results obtained are given. The forecasts in this document depended on the handling of the data provided by the Hondurean's authorities.
title: Joint modelling of longitudinal and time-to-event data
Creators: name: Powney, Matthew
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2020

description: A randomised control trial (RCT) is considered to be the gold standard for investigating the efficacy of new and novel treatments. However, in RCTs with longitudinal outcomes and high percentages of dropout, a poor handing of missing data can be problematic when trying to establishing the efficacy of an intervention. Joint modelling of longitudinal and time-to-event data is a novel methodology that can be used to monitor a longitudinal outcome while simultaneously accounting for time-to-dropout. This is achieved using a mean zero latent Gaussian process, and relies on the estimation of the parameter gamma, which models the association between the longitudinal and time-to-event components. However, joint modelling is still a relatively new topic for research. The aim of this thesis is to provide and develop a greater understanding for both the design and analysis elements of joint modelling. In Chapter 2 a simulation study to test the success of various missing data handling methods is presented. This demonstrated that for RCTs with missing data, joint modelling performs as well as the common alternative methods when estimating longitudinal treatment effect. Despite these benefits, a systematic review conducted in Chapter 3 showed that Joint Modelling is rarely used in practice in RCTs with longitudinal outcome data. One contributing factor to the underuse of joint models may be the lack of understanding and research into sample size calculations for a trial using joint modelling. In Chapter 4, sample size formulae are derived for beta_2 and gamma in the Henderson et al. (2000) random slope and intercept specification of the joint model. These sample size and power calculations depend on knowledge about the value of gamma in a trial. Currently, the understanding of the interpretation of gamma is limited, and no previous investigations into the relationship between magnitude of gamma and change in longitudinal outcome for dropouts has been carried in published literature. In Chapter 5, a visualisation of this relationship is presented. In Chapter 6, software is developed in R to carry out and apply some diagnostic procedures for joint models. Chapter 7 demonstrates the applicability of the methods described in this thesis, in which joint modelling is utilised to analyse a wide range of datasets.
Stability and error analysis of the anti-causal realization of periodic inverse systems
Creators: name: Chen, Xiaofang
name: Zhang, Cishen
name: Zhang, Jingxin
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: A causal realization of an inverse system can be unstable and an anti-casual realization is to deal with this problem to provide a numerically stable procedure to inverse the system and compute its input signal. In this paper, we consider the anti-causal realization of the inverse of discrete time linear periodic systems obtained by an outer-inner factorization approach. It is shown that the outer-inner factorization can result in a stable anti-causal realization. An expression of the inversion error is derived, showing such an error is inevitable due to the anti-causal reversal operation.
Closing the Water Balance with a Precision Small-Scale Field Lysimeter
Creators: name: Sion, Brad D.
name: McDonald, Eric V.
name: Page, David
name: Crews, Jackson B.
name: Hausner, Mark B.
name: Lyles, Brad F.
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2024

description: We developed a set of two precision, small-scale, water balance lysimeters to provide accurate measurements of bare soil evaporation. Each lysimeter comprises a soil tank, a balance assembly with load cell, a wicking drainage system, and a stilling well to measure drained water. Fiberglass wicks installed at the bottom of the soil tanks provide -60 cm of tension to the base of the soil column, and soil water drainage is quantified to close the water balance within the lysimeter. The calibrated lysimeters return mass changes with uncertainties ranging from 3 to 8 g, corresponding to uncertainties of 0.02-0.05 mm of water. Installed at a semi-arid site in northern Nevada, the two lysimeters are filled with uniform construction sand and silt loam. Over a six-month pilot observation period, bare soil evaporation rates of 0.19 and 0.40 mm/day were measured for the construction sand and silt loam, respectively, which is consistent with meteorological data and models of potential evapotranspiration at the site. The design of the lysimeter can be adapted to specific research goals or site restrictions, and these instruments can contribute significantly to our ability to close the soil water balance.