cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
DISCUSSANT'S COMMENTS FOR AMERICAN AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS ASSOCIATION ANNUAL MEETING, SELECTED PAPERS SESSION SP-3S, "PRICE ANALYSIS OF FOREIGN MARKETS"
Creators: name: Haigh, Michael S.
name: Haigh, Michael S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis
International Development

description: This is a potpourri of price analyses involving developed, developing and transition economies. Papers included in this session: Dynamics of Polish Wheat Prices in Comparison to Selected World Prices in a Period of Economic Transformation, Szczepan Figiel, Olsztyn University of Agriculture and Technology. Economic and Environmental Impacts of the Post-1992 CAP Reforms on Alentejo Economy of Portugal, Amilcar Serrao, Universidade de Evora. Effects of Dutch Mineral Policies on Land Prices: A Micro Economic Simulation Approach, Maroeska Boots, Alfons Oude Lansink, and Jack Peerlings. Maize Markets and Rural Storage in Mozambique: A Spatial and Temporal Analysis, Channing Arndt, Purdue University; Rico Schiller and Annelotte Philipsen, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
J/Psi photo- and electroproduction, the saturation scale and the gluon structure function
Creators: name: kuroda, Masaaki
name: Schildknecht, Dieter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Our approach to low-x deep inelastic scattering based on the ell-perp factorization of perturbative QCD (the color-dipole picture) yields parameter-free absolute predictions for J/Psi production. The connection of J/Psi production to the low-x saturation scale and to the gluon structure function is clarified.
description: 14 pages with 4 figures, with some comments on skewness etc added
TRADE LIBERALIZATION AND INTERNATIONAL MERGER IN COURNOT INDUSTRIES: THE CASE OF BARLEY MALTING IN NORTH AMERICA
Creators: name: Buschena, David E.
name: Gray, Richard S.
name: Buschena, David E.
name: Gray, Richard S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: International Relations/Trade

description: When free trade merges formally distinct non-competitive industries, welfare should increase. Additional incentives for mergers may reduce these gains from free trade. We show the importance of such arguments in an analysis of the malting barley industry in North America before and after the Canadian/U.S. free trade agreement.
LOCATION DECISIONS OF ENERGY-INTENSIVE MANUFACTURING FIRMS: ESTIMATING THE POTENTIAL IMPACT OF ELECTRIC UTILITIES DEREGULATION
Creators: name: Goetz, Stephan J.
name: Goetz, Stephan J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: Location decisions of electric energy-intensive manufacturing establishments are examined in the context of electric utilities deregulation, using Tobit and probit methods. Rural counties which once had an advantage recruiting manufacturing industries by offering low electricity rates may lose firms to other regions of the country under deregulation.
An Accurate Current Model for III-V Field Effect Transistors Using a Novel Concept of Effective Transmission Coefficient
Creators: name: Rahman, Ehsanur
name: Shadman, Abir
name: Biswas, Sudipta Romen
name: Datta, Kanak
name: Khosru, Quazi D. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we investigate the transport phenomena in compound semiconductor material based buried channel Quantum Well MOSFET with a view to developing a simple and effective model for the device current. Device simulation has been performed in quantum ballistic regime using non-equilibrium Greens function (NEGF) formalism. The simulated current voltage characteristics using a novel concept of effective transmission coefficient has been found to define the reported experimental data with high accuracy. The proposed model has also been effective to capture the transport characteristics reported for other compound semiconductor material based field effect transistors. The concept of the proposed effective transmission coefficient and hence the model lends itself to be a simple and powerful device analysis tool which can be extensively used to predict the performance of a wide variety of compound semiconductor devices in the pre fabrication stage. It has also demonstrated consistency with device characteristics for doping concentration and channel length scaling. Thus the model can help the device or process engineers to tune the devices for the best possible performance.
description: 5 pages, 6 Figures
A Log-Linear Non-Parametric Online Changepoint Detection Algorithm based on Functional Pruning
Creators: name: Romano, Gaetano
name: Eckley, Idris A
name: Fearnhead, Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Online changepoint detection aims to detect anomalies and changes in real-time in high-frequency data streams, sometimes with limited available computational resources. This is an important task that is rooted in many real-world applications, including and not limited to cybersecurity, medicine and astrophysics. While fast and efficient online algorithms have been recently introduced, these rely on parametric assumptions which are often violated in practical applications. Motivated by data streams from the telecommunications sector, we build a flexible nonparametric approach to detect a change in the distribution of a sequence. Our procedure, NP-FOCuS, builds a sequential likelihood ratio test for a change in a set of points of the empirical cumulative density function of our data. This is achieved by keeping track of the number of observations above or below those points. Thanks to functional pruning ideas, NP-FOCuS has a computational cost that is log-linear in the number of observations and is suitable for high-frequency data streams. In terms of detection power, NP-FOCuS is seen to outperform current nonparametric online changepoint techniques in a variety of settings. We demonstrate the utility of the procedure on both simulated and real data.
To Be Forgotten or To Be Fair: Unveiling Fairness Implications of Machine Unlearning Methods
Creators: name: Zhang, Dawen
name: Pan, Shidong
name: Hoang, Thong
name: Xing, Zhenchang
name: Staples, Mark
name: Xu, Xiwei
name: Yao, Lina
name: Lu, Qinghua
name: Zhu, Liming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The right to be forgotten (RTBF) is motivated by the desire of people not to be perpetually disadvantaged by their past deeds. For this, data deletion needs to be deep and permanent, and should be removed from machine learning models. Researchers have proposed machine unlearning algorithms which aim to erase specific data from trained models more efficiently. However, these methods modify how data is fed into the model and how training is done, which may subsequently compromise AI ethics from the fairness perspective. To help software engineers make responsible decisions when adopting these unlearning methods, we present the first study on machine unlearning methods to reveal their fairness implications. We designed and conducted experiments on two typical machine unlearning methods (SISA and AmnesiacML) along with a retraining method (ORTR) as baseline using three fairness datasets under three different deletion strategies. Experimental results show that under non-uniform data deletion, SISA leads to better fairness compared with ORTR and AmnesiacML, while initial training and uniform data deletion do not necessarily affect the fairness of all three methods. These findings have exposed an important research problem in software engineering, and can help practitioners better understand the potential trade-offs on fairness when considering solutions for RTBF.
description: Accepted by AAAI Spring Symposium on AI Trustworthiness Assessment 2023. Published in AI and Ethics Journal https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s43681-023-00398-y
NONPARAMETRIC ANALYSIS OF COST MINIMIZATION AND EFFICIENCY
Creators: name: Lemberg, Beth
name: Wongcharupan, Metha
name: Lemberg, Beth
name: Wongcharupan, Metha
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Industrial Organization
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: nonparametrics
subject: WACM
subject: production

description: This study examines cost minimizing behavior and efficiency measures for a sample of Kansas wheat producers, using nonparametric methods. As such, it verifies the applicability of nonparametrics within a production economic framework.
A model with simultaneous first and second order phase transitions
Creators: name: Messager, Alain
name: Nachtergaele, Bruno
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a two dimensional nonlinear XY model with a second order phase transition driven by spin waves, together with a first order phase transition in the bond variables between two bond ordered phases, one with local ferromagnetic order and another with local antiferromagnetic order. We also prove that at the transition temperature the bond-ordered phases coexist with a disordered phase as predicted by Domany, Schick and Swendsen. This last result generalizes the result of Shlosman and van Enter (cond-mat/0205455). We argue that these phenomena are quite general and should occur for a large class of potentials.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures using pstricks and pst-coil
Thalera fimbrialis
Creators: name: Joos, R Enato
name: Fritsch, Dieter
name: Bryner, Rudolf
name: Billen, Wolfgang
name: Wicki, Christoph
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Geometridae
Thalera
Thalera fimbrialis

description: 7998 Thalera fimbrialis (Scopoli, 1763)
Basel (BS), Hörnli, 8.7.2015. Die Art kam ursprünglich vor allem in Halbtrockenrasen vor. In neuerer Zeit wurde sie aber nur noch in der Ebene in tiefen Lagen nachgewiesen.
description: Published as part of Joos, R Enato, Fritsch, Dieter, Bryner, Rudolf, Billen, Wolfgang & Wicki, Christoph, 2018, Vielfalt der nachtaktiven Gross- und Kleinschmetterlinge in zwei Parkanlagen bei Basel, pp. 57-71 in Entomo Helvetica 11 on page 62, DOI: 10.5169/seals-986024, http://zenodo.org/record/8034307
When we can trust computers (and when we can't)
Creators: name: Coveney, Peter V.
name: Highfield, Roger R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: With the relentless rise of computer power, there is a widespread expectation that computers can solve the most pressing problems of science, and even more besides. We explore the limits of computational modelling and conclude that, in the domains of science and engineering that are relatively simple and firmly grounded in theory, these methods are indeed powerful. Even so, the availability of code, data and documentation, along with a range of techniques for validation, verification and uncertainty quantification, are essential for building trust in computer generated findings. When it comes to complex systems in domains of science that are less firmly grounded in theory, notably biology and medicine, to say nothing of the social sciences and humanities, computers can create the illusion of objectivity, not least because the rise of big data and machine learning pose new challenges to reproducibility, while lacking true explanatory power. We also discuss important aspects of the natural world which cannot be solved by digital means. In the long-term, renewed emphasis on analogue methods will be necessary to temper the excessive faith currently placed in digital computation.
description: 15 pages
Numerical study of the disordered Poland-Scheraga model of DNA denaturation
Creators: name: Garel, Thomas
name: Monthus, Cecile
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We numerically study the binary disordered Poland-Scheraga model of DNA denaturation, in the regime where the pure model displays a first order transition (loop exponent $c=2.15>2$). We use a Fixman-Freire scheme for the entropy of loops and consider chain length up to $N=4 \cdot 10^5$, with averages over $10^4$ samples. We present in parallel the results of various observables for two boundary conditions, namely bound-bound (bb) and bound-unbound (bu), because they present very different finite-size behaviors, both in the pure case and in the disordered case. Our main conclusion is that the transition remains first order in the disordered case: in the (bu) case, the disorder averaged energy and contact densities present crossings for different values of $N$ without rescaling. In addition, we obtain that these disorder averaged observables do not satisfy finite size scaling, as a consequence of strong sample to sample fluctuations of the pseudo-critical temperature. For a given sample, we propose a procedure to identify its pseudo-critical temperature, and show that this sample then obeys first order transition finite size scaling behavior. Finally, we obtain that the disorder averaged critical loop distribution is still governed by $P(l) \sim 1/l^c$ in the regime $l \ll N$, as in the pure case.
description: 12 pages, 13 figures. Revised version
Eigenproblems in addition-min algebra
Creators: name: Li, Meng
name: Wang, Xue-ping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Mathematics (math.GM)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 03E72

description: In order to guarantee the downloading quality requirements of users and improve the stability of data transmission in a BitTorrent-like peer-to-peer file sharing system, this article deals with eigenproblems of addition-min algebras. First, it provides a sufficient and necessary condition for a vector being an eigenvector of a given matrix, and then presents an algorithm for finding all eigenvalues and eigenvectors of a given matrix. It further proposes a sufficient and necessary condition for a vector being a constrained eigenvector of a given matrix and supplies an algorithm for computing all the constrained eigenvectors and eigenvalues of a given matrix. This article finally discusses the supereigenproblem of a given matrix and presents an algorithm for obtaining the maximum constrained supereigenvalue and depicting the feasible region of all the constrained supereigenvectors for a given matrix. It also gives some examples for illustrating the algorithms, respectively.
description: 21
INVESTMENT UNDER UNCERTAINTY AND DYNAMIC ADJUSTMENT IN FINNISH PORK INDUSTRY
Creators: name: Pietola, Kyosti
name: Myers, Robert J.
name: Pietola, Kyosti
name: Myers, Robert J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: Livestock Production/Industries
Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
Risk and Uncertainty

description: A dynamic dual model of investment under uncertainty is applied to a panel of Finnish hog farms. Stochastic dynamic programming is used to characterize duality relations. The model accommodates irreversibility and/or asymmetric adjustment costs. Results have important implications for Finland's hog industry as it adjusts to entry into the European Unit.
Audit to Forget: A Unified Method to Revoke Patients' Private Data in Intelligent Healthcare
Creators: name: Zhou, Juexiao
name: Li, Haoyang
name: Liao, Xingyu
name: Zhang, Bin
name: He, Wenjia
name: Li, Zhongxiao
name: Zhou, Longxi
name: Gao, Xin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Revoking personal private data is one of the basic human rights, which has already been sheltered by several privacy-preserving laws in many countries. However, with the development of data science, machine learning and deep learning techniques, this right is usually neglected or violated as more and more patients' data are being collected and used for model training, especially in intelligent healthcare, thus making intelligent healthcare a sector where technology must meet the law, regulations, and privacy principles to ensure that the innovation is for the common good. In order to secure patients' right to be forgotten, we proposed a novel solution by using auditing to guide the forgetting process, where auditing means determining whether a dataset has been used to train the model and forgetting requires the information of a query dataset to be forgotten from the target model. We unified these two tasks by introducing a new approach called knowledge purification. To implement our solution, we developed AFS, a unified open-source software, which is able to evaluate and revoke patients' private data from pre-trained deep learning models. We demonstrated the generality of AFS by applying it to four tasks on different datasets with various data sizes and architectures of deep learning networks. The software is publicly available at \url{https://github.com/JoshuaChou2018/AFS}.
Coping processes of fathers with an ADHD diagnosed son : a grounded theory approach
Creators: name: Saidi, Massoud
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Children diagnosed with ADHD (attention deficit hyperactivity disorder) symptoms have a condition that adversely affects their attention, impulse control, and activity. The behaviour of these children, such as difficulty in complying with parental instructions, behaving impulsively, frequently interrupting and not staying on task, as well as having conflicts with siblings may be frustrating and demanding for parents. Research on their parents has mainly focused on maternal stresses, examined from a stimulus-response perspective. Little, if any, consideration has been given to the ecological validity of the research and to father's parenting experiences. The present study explored the coping processes of eight fathers who have a son diagnosed with ADHD behaviour. Each father was interviewed for one hour to one hour and a half in a semi- structured format. Multiple demands on these fathers and their coping strategies and outcomes were identified using the constant comparison method (drawn from grounded theory). A range of coping strategies including exercise and relaxation, taking time-outs, administering their son's medication, seeking professional help, learning about ADHD, and thinking positively were identified. Five themes were developed, and were: (a) what it was like before diagnosis, (b) reactions to son's diagnosis, (c) types of demands, (d) types of responses to demands, and (e) outcomes. Findings support the iterative view of stress an coping process.
Dynamical and sequential decay effects on isoscaling and density dependence of the symmetry energy
Creators: name: Tian, W. D.
name: Ma, Y. G.
name: Cai, X. Z.
name: Fang, D. Q.
name: Guo, W.
name: Ma, C. W.
name: Liu, G. H.
name: Shen, W. Q.
name: Shi, Y.
name: Wang, H. W.
name: Wang, K.
name: Xu, W.
name: Yan, T. Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The isoscaling properties of the primary and final products are studied via isospin dependent quantum molecular dynamics (IQMD) model and the followed sequential decay model GEMINI, respectively. It is found that the isoscaling parameters $α$ of both primary and final products keep no significant change for light fragments, but increases with the mass for intermediate and heavy products. The dynamical effects on isoscaling are exhibited by that $α$ value decreases a little with the evolution time of the system, and opposite trend for the heavy products. The secondary decay effects on isoscaling are reflected in the increasing of the $α$ value for the final products which experiences secondary decay process. Furthermore the density dependence of the symmetry energy has also been explored, it is observed that in the low densities the symmetry energy coefficient has the form of $C_{sym}(ρ)\sim C_{0}(ρ/ρ_{0})^γ$, where $γ= 0.7 \sim 1.3$ for both primary and final products, but $C_{0}$ have different values for primary and final products. It is also suggested that it might be more reasonable to describe the density dependence of the symmetry energy coefficient by the $C_{sym}(ρ/ρ_{0})\approx C_{1}(ρ/ρ_{0})^{γ_{soft}} + C_{2}(ρ/ρ_{0})^{γ_{stiff}}$ with $γ_{soft}\leq 1$, $γ_{stiff}\geq 1$ and $C_{1}, C_{2}$ constant parameters.
description: 10 pages, 10 figures
Maxwell equations in a curved spacetime: Spin optics approximation
Creators: name: Frolov, Valeri P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study propagation of high-frequency electromagnetic waves in a curved spacetime. We demonstrate how a modification of the standard geometric optics allows one to include the helicity dependent corrections into the equations of motion of circularly polarized beams of radiation. As a result, polarized light rays are still null but not geodesic curves. To achieve these results we construct null frames associated with a set of (non-geodesic) null rays and use these frames for description of the high-frequency wave propagation. We call this approach spin optics approximation. It is completely covariant and it can be used in an arbitrary time-dependent gravitational field.
description: 13 pages
Adiabatic computing for optimal thermodynamic efficiency of information processing
Creators: name: Dago, Salambô
name: Ciliberto, Sergio
name: Bellon, Ludovic
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Landauer's principle makes a strong connection between information theory and thermodynamics by stating that erasing a one-bit memory at temperature $T_0$ requires an average energy larger than $W_{LB}=k_BT_0 \ln2$, with $k_B$ Boltzmann's constant. This tiny limit has been saturated in model experiments using quasi-static processes. For faster operations, an overhead proportional to the processing speed and to the memory damping appears. In this article, we show that underdamped systems are a winning strategy to reduce this extra energetic cost. We prove both experimentally and theoretically that, in the limit of vanishing dissipation mechanisms in the memory, the physical system is thermally insulated from its environment during fast erasures, i.e. fast protocols are adiabatic as no heat is exchanged with the bath. Using a fast optimal erasure protocol we also show that these adiabatic processes produce a maximum adiabatic temperature $T_a=2T_0$, and that Landauer's bound for fast erasures in underdamped systems becomes the adiabatic bound: $W_a = k_B T_0$.
The optical spectroscopy of extraterrestrial molecules
Creators: name: Schmidt, T. W.
name: Sharp, R. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ongoing quest to identify molecules in the interstellar medium by their electronic spectra in the visible region is reviewed. Identification of molecular absorption is described in the context of the elucidation of the carriers of the unidentified diffuse interstellar bands while molecular emission is discussed with reference to the unidentified Red Rectangle bands. The experimental techniques employed in undertaking studies on the optical spectroscopy of extraterrestrial molecules are described and critiqued in the context of their application.
description: 21 pages, 9 figures, Invited review Australian Journal of Chemistry, accepted for publication
PRICE INTEGRATION IN MERCOSUR COUNTRIES: A FRACTIONAL COINTEGRATION ANALYSIS
Creators: name: Mohanty, Samarendu
name: Peterson, E. Wesley F.
name: Smith, Darnell B.
name: Mohanty, Samarendu
name: Peterson, E. Wesley F.
name: Smith, Darnell B.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis
International Relations/Trade

description: This paper examines price integration in the MERCOSUR countries of Argentina and Brazil after the creation of this regional economic agreement using a fractional cointegration analysis. The results suggest that Argentine wheat and corn prices are fully cointegrated with the corresponding world prices, whereas Brazilian wheat prices are not cointegrated with the world price. These results support the idea that, for these markets, MERCOSUR is operating more like a free trade area than a customs union with harmonized trade policies. In case of soybean, neither soybean price is integrated with the world price, implying that both countries are pursuing similar export strategies that have the effect of isolating these markets from the world markets. Within MERCOSUR, Argentine and Brazilian wheat prices are fractionally cointegrated, suggesting that the LOP holds within MERCOSUR although the restoration of equilibria is slower than in the case of the fully cointegrated series. Similarly, Argentine and Brazilian soybean prices are fully cointegrated, suggesting a quick restoration of the equilibrium relationships. Based on the results, it appears that MERCOSUR has led to tightly agricultural markets in Brazil and Argentina while the relationships between the markets in the two countries and the corresponding world markets are subject to particular national policy interventions.
Improved calculation of relativistic shift and isotope shift in Mg I
Creators: name: Berengut, J. C.
name: Flambaum, V. V.
name: Kozlov, M. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an ab initio method of calculation of isotope shift and relativistic shift in atoms with a few valence electrons. It is based on an energy calculation involving combination of the configuration interaction method and many-body perturbation theory. This work is motivated by analyses of quasar absorption spectra that suggest that the fine structure constant, alpha, was smaller at an early epoch. Relativistic shifts are needed to measure this variation of alpha, while isotope shifts are needed to resolve systematic effects in this study. The isotope shifts can also be used to measure isotopic abundances in gas clouds in the early universe, which are needed to study nuclear reactions in stars and supernovae and test models of chemical evolution. This paper shows that isotope shift in magnesium can be calculated to very high precision using our new method.
Harvesting Solar Thermal Energy With a Micro-gap Thermionic-Thermoelectric Hybrid Energy Converter: Model Development, Energy Exchange Analysis, and Performance Optimization
Creators: name: Rahman, Ehsanur
name: Nojeh, Alireza
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a comprehensive analysis of a dual, micro-gap thermionic-thermoelectric hybrid energy converter by developing a detailed theoretical model of the system. The Space-charge and near-field effects in thermionic conversion and the temperature-dependent effects in thermoelectric conversion are considered while studying the energy flow through the cascade system. The temperatures and energy exchange channels in the different parts of the system are quantified with a self-consistent iterative algorithm considering the energy balance condition. The model is deployed to simulate the hybrid system performance when energized by a constant heat flux source which could, for example, be concentrated solar irradiance. The effect of solar radiation intensity on the combined system efficiency, and the dependence of the thermoelectric generator performance on the waste heat released from the thermionic top stage, are illustrated with several examples. Based on these analyses, the performance optimization of the hybrid system is carried out. The findings presented in this work offer useful insights into the hybrid generator operation. Moreover, the model developed can be used as a design tool for the practical implementation of such a hybrid system, or for extracting material- and device-related parameters from experimental data by solving the reverse problem.
description: 30 pages, 10 Figures
ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF EDGE EFFECTS EXTERNALITIES ON LAND USE DECISIONS
Creators: name: Parker, Dawn Cassandra
name: Parker, Dawn Cassandra
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: Land Economics/Use

description: Many land use conflicts are characterized by negative impacts whose severity declines with distance. This paper demonstrates how these "edge effects externalities" may contribute to sub-optimal patterns and scale of land use, therefore providing a strengthened rationale for coordinated land use planning.
AN APPLICATION OF LEARNING STYLE THEORY TO UNDERGRADUATE INSTRUCTION IN ACCOUNTING: A MINNESOTA EXAMPLE
Creators: name: Nefstead, Ward E.
name: Nefstead, Ward E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession

description: This paper reports the results of a student learning style inventory by Flemming and Miller. The survey was used in an introductory accounting course in addition to other curriculum materials to foster critical thinking. A model for assessing and incorporating critical thinking is proposed.
Current-induced nonequilibrium vibrations in single-molecule devices
Creators: name: Koch, Jens
name: Semmelhack, Matthias
name: von Oppen, Felix
name: Nitzan, Abraham
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Finite-bias electron transport through single molecules generally induces nonequilibrium molecular vibrations (phonons). By a mapping to a Fokker-Planck equation, we obtain analytical scaling forms for the nonequilibrium phonon distribution in the limit of weak electron-phonon coupling $λ$ within a minimal model. Remarkably, the width of the phonon distribution diverges as $\simλ^{-α}$ when the coupling decreases, with voltage-dependent, non-integer exponents $α$. This implies a breakdown of perturbation theory in the electron-phonon coupling for fully developed nonequilibrium. We also discuss possible experimental implications of this result such as current-induced dissociation of molecules.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures; revised and extended version published in Phys. Rev. B
deSitter vacua from uplifting D-terms in effective supergravities from realistic strings
Creators: name: Achucarro, A.
name: de Carlos, B.
name: Casas, J. A.
name: Doplicher, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the possibility of using the D-term associated to an anomalous U(1) for the uplifting of AdS vacua (to dS or Minkowski vacua) in effective supergravities arising from string theories, particularly in the type IIB context put forward by Kachru, Kallosh, Linde and Trivedi (KKLT). We find a gauge invariant formulation of such a scenario (avoiding previous inconsistencies), where the anomalous D-term cannot be cancelled, thus triggering the uplifting of the vacua. Then, we examine the general conditions for this to happen. Finally, we illustrate the results by presenting different successful examples in the type IIB context.
description: 22 pages, 4 figures
Personalized and privacy-preserving federated heterogeneous medical image analysis with PPPML-HMI
Creators: name: Zhou, Juexiao
name: Zhou, Longxi
name: Wang, Di
name: Xu, Xiaopeng
name: Li, Haoyang
name: Chu, Yuetan
name: Han, Wenkai
name: Gao, Xin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Heterogeneous data is endemic due to the use of diverse models and settings of devices by hospitals in the field of medical imaging. However, there are few open-source frameworks for federated heterogeneous medical image analysis with personalization and privacy protection simultaneously without the demand to modify the existing model structures or to share any private data. In this paper, we proposed PPPML-HMI, an open-source learning paradigm for personalized and privacy-preserving federated heterogeneous medical image analysis. To our best knowledge, personalization and privacy protection were achieved simultaneously for the first time under the federated scenario by integrating the PerFedAvg algorithm and designing our novel cyclic secure aggregation with the homomorphic encryption algorithm. To show the utility of PPPML-HMI, we applied it to a simulated classification task namely the classification of healthy people and patients from the RAD-ChestCT Dataset, and one real-world segmentation task namely the segmentation of lung infections from COVID-19 CT scans. For the real-world task, PPPML-HMI achieved $\sim$5\% higher Dice score on average compared to conventional FL under the heterogeneous scenario. Meanwhile, we applied the improved deep leakage from gradients to simulate adversarial attacks and showed the solid privacy-preserving capability of PPPML-HMI. By applying PPPML-HMI to both tasks with different neural networks, a varied number of users, and sample sizes, we further demonstrated the strong robustness of PPPML-HMI.
Edge of chaos of the classical kicked top map: Sensitivity to initial conditions
Creators: name: Queiros, Silvio M. Duarte
name: Tsallis, Constantino
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We focus on the frontier between the chaotic and regular regions for the classical version of the quantum kicked top. We show that the sensitivity to the initial conditions is numerically well characterised by $ξ=e_q^{λ_q t}$, where $e_{q}^{x}\equiv [ 1+(1-q) x]^{\frac{1}{1-q}} (e_1^x=e^x)$, and $λ_q$ is the $q$-generalization of the Lyapunov coefficient, a result that is consistent with nonextensive statistical mechanics, based on the entropy $S_q=(1- \sum_ip_i^q)/(q-1) (S_1 =-\sum_i p_i \ln p_i$). Our analysis shows that $q$ monotonically increases from zero to unity when the kicked-top perturbation parameter $α$ increases from zero (unperturbed top) to $α_c$, where $α_c \simeq 3.2$. The entropic index $q$ remains equal to unity for $α\ge α_c$, parameter values for which the phase space is fully chaotic.
description: To appear in "Complexity, Metastability and Nonextensivity" (World Scientific, Singapore, 2005), Eds. C. Beck, A. Rapisarda and C. Tsallis
DFT Modelling of Explicit Solid-Solid Interfaces in Batteries: Methods and Challenges
Creators: name: Leung, Kevin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations of electrode material properties in high energy density storage devices like lithium batteries have been standard practice for decades. In contrast, DFT modelling of explicit interfaces in batteries arguably lacks universally adopted methodology and needs further conceptual development. In this paper, we focus on solid-solid interfaces, which are ubiquitous not just in all-solid state batteries; liquid-electrolyte-based batteries often rely on thin, solid passivating films on electrode surfaces to function. We use metal anode calculations to illustrate that explicit interface models are critical for elucidating contact potentials, electric fields at interfaces, and kinetic stability with respect to parasitic reactions. The examples emphasize three key challenges: (1) the "dirty" nature of most battery electrode surfaces; (2) voltage calibration and control; and (3) the fact that interfacial structures are governed by kinetics, not thermodynamics. To meet these challenges, developing new computational techniques and importing insights from other electrochemical disciplines will be beneficial.
description: 7 figures
QUALITY MEASUREMENT AND RISK-SHARING IN CONTRACTS FOR CALIFORNIA FRUITS AND VEGETABLES
Creators: name: Hueth, Brent
name: Ligon, Ethan
name: Hueth, Brent
name: Ligon, Ethan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis
Risk and Uncertainty

description: We hypothesize that imperfect quality measurement in contracts for fresh fruits and vegetables results in a moral-hazard problem, and that the final price of the produce provides additional information regarding quality. As a consequence, growers are not shielded from all price risk. This hypothesis is tested informally with observations on actual contracts in California.
INCORPORATING OBSERVED CHOICE IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF WELFARE MEASURES FROM RANDOM UTILITY MODELS
Creators: name: Von Haefen, Roger H.
name: Von Haefen, Roger H.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: This paper proposes an approach to welfare measurement with random utility models that, in contrast to traditional approaches, incorporates the implications of an individual's observed choice.
Catarhoe rubidata
Creators: name: Joos, R Enato
name: Fritsch, Dieter
name: Bryner, Rudolf
name: Billen, Wolfgang
name: Wicki, Christoph
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Geometridae
Catarhoe
Catarhoe rubidata

description: 8268 Catarhoe rubidata (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775)
Basel (BS), Hörnli, 26.8.2015. Die Art ist weit verbreitet, aber nicht häufig. Der neue Nachweis ist eine Bestätigung früherer Nachweise vor 1980.
description: Published as part of Joos, R Enato, Fritsch, Dieter, Bryner, Rudolf, Billen, Wolfgang & Wicki, Christoph, 2018, Vielfalt der nachtaktiven Gross- und Kleinschmetterlinge in zwei Parkanlagen bei Basel, pp. 57-71 in Entomo Helvetica 11 on page 62, DOI: 10.5169/seals-986024, http://zenodo.org/record/8034307
PURCHASE OF DEVELOPMENT RIGHTS (PDR) PROGRAMS: HAVE WE PAID TOO MUCH?
Creators: name: Wang, Qingbin
name: Silver, Brian
name: Wang, Qingbin
name: Silver, Brian
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Land Economics/Use

description: While many states such as Vermont have adopted the Purchase of Development Rights (PDR) programs to protect farmland, few studies have examined how the prices of such development rights are determined and whether the prices are close to the market value. Using data from the state of Vermont, this study first examines the effects of development restrictions on the market price of rural and semi-rural properties and then addresses the question of whether the prices paid for development rights are close to the market value. Our results based on an hedonic model suggest that development restrictions do reduce the market value of rural and semi-rural properties in Northern Vermont but the prices paid by Vermont's PDR programs are significantly higher than the estimated market value.
Future Simulations of Tidal Disruption Events
Creators: name: Krolik, Julian H.
name: Armitage, Philip J.
name: Jiang, Yanfei
name: Lodato, Giuseppe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Tidal disruption events involve numerous physical processes (fluid dynamics, magnetohydrodynamics, radiation transport, self-gravity, general relativistic dynamics) in highly nonlinear ways, and, because TDEs are transients by definition, frequently in non-equilibrium states. For these reasons, numerical solution of the relevant equations can be an essential tool for studying these events. In this chapter, we present a summary of the key problems of the field for which simulations offer the greatest promise and identify the capabilities required to make progress on them. We then discuss what has been---and what cannot be---done with existing numerical methods. We close with an overview of what methods now under development may do to expand our ability to understand these events.
description: A chapter in the ISSI review book "The Tidal Disruption of Stars by Massive Black Holes", to be published in Space Science Reviews
Resource-Aware Protocols for Network Cost-Sharing Games
Creators: name: Christodoulou, George
name: Gkatzelis, Vasilis
name: Latifian, Mohamad
name: Sgouritsa, Alkmini
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 91A43, 91A11

description: We study the extent to which decentralized cost-sharing protocols can achieve good price of anarchy (PoA) bounds in network cost-sharing games with $n$ agents. We focus on the model of resource-aware protocols, where the designer has prior access to the network structure and can also increase the total cost of an edge(overcharging), and we study classes of games with concave or convex cost functions. We first consider concave cost functions and our main result is a cost-sharing protocol for symmetric games on directed acyclic graphs that achieves a PoA of $2+\varepsilon$ for some arbitrary small positive $\varepsilon$, which improves to $1+\varepsilon$ for games with at least two players. We also achieve a PoA of 1 for series-parallel graphs and show that no protocol can achieve a PoA better than $Ω(\sqrt{n})$ for multicast games. We then also consider convex cost functions and prove analogous results for series-parallel networks and multicast games, as well as a lower bound of $Ω(n)$ for the PoA on directed acyclic graphs without the use of overcharging.
description: Full version of a paper published at Economics and Computation (EC) 2020
AN ANALYSIS OF FACTORS INFLUENCING ADOPTION OF BMPS AMONG LOUISIANA SUGARCANE PRODUCERS
Creators: name: Henning, Steven A.
name: Cardona, Hugo
name: Henning, Steven A.
name: Cardona, Hugo
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: best management practices
subject: multivariate probit analysis

description: Multivariate probit analysis of BMP adoption, based on Louisiana sugarcane producer data, indicates that education and cost-sharing programs are effective means of increasing adoption rates. Results also indicate that contemporaneous correlation exists within and between management measures, implying a policy strategy of coordinating education and cost-sharing programs to maximize effectiveness.
Algebraic invariants for crystallographic defects in cellular automata
Creators: name: Pivato, Marcus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37B50 (primary), 37B15, 37A20 (secondary)

description: Let L:= Z^D be the D-dimensional lattice and let A^L be the Cantor space of L-indexed configurations in some finite alphabet A, with the natural L-action by shifts. A `cellular automaton' is a continuous, shift-commuting self-map F of A^L, and an `F-invariant subshift' is a closed, F-invariant and shift-invariant subset X of A^L. Suppose x is a configuration in A^L that is X-admissible everywhere except for some small region we call a `defect'. It has been empirically observed that such defects persist under iteration of F, and often propagate like `particles' which coalesce or annihilate on contact. We construct algebraic invariants for these defects, which explain their persistence under F, and partly explain the outcomes of their collisions. Some invariants are based on the cocycles of multidimensional subshifts; others arise from the higher-dimensional (co)homology/homotopy groups for subshifts, obtained by generalizing the Conway-Lagarias tiling groups and the Geller-Propp fundamental group.
description: 40 pages, 3 figures. Final Version
Real-space formulation of the stress tensor for $\mathcal{O}(N)$ density functional theory: application to high temperature calculations
Creators: name: Sharma, Abhiraj
name: Hamel, Sebastien
name: Bethkenhagen, Mandy
name: Pask, John E.
name: Suryanarayana, Phanish
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an accurate and efficient real-space formulation of the Hellmann-Feynman stress tensor for $\mathcal{O}(N)$ Kohn-Sham density functional theory (DFT). While applicable at any temperature, the formulation is most efficient at high temperature where the Fermi-Dirac distribution becomes smoother and density matrix becomes correspondingly more localized. We first rewrite the orbital-dependent stress tensor for real-space DFT in terms of the density matrix, thereby making it amenable to $\mathcal{O}(N)$ methods. We then describe its evaluation within the $\mathcal{O}(N)$ infinite-cell Clenshaw-Curtis Spectral Quadrature (SQ) method, a technique that is applicable to metallic as well as insulating systems, is highly parallelizable, becomes increasingly efficient with increasing temperature, and provides results corresponding to the infinite crystal without the need of Brillouin zone integration. We demonstrate systematic convergence of the resulting formulation with respect to SQ parameters to exact diagonalization results, and show convergence with respect to mesh size to established planewave results. We employ the new formulation to compute the viscosity of hydrogen at a million kelvin from Kohn-Sham quantum molecular dynamics, where we find agreement with previous more approximate orbital-free density functional methods.
description: 13 pages, 7 figures
Kritischer Rückblick auf die 4. Weltkonferenz für Glauben und Kirchenverfassung in Montreal
Creators: name: Dinkler, Erich
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 13 Nr. 1 (1964): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 13, Heft 1
ACTIVITY PORTFOLIOS IN RURAL ETHIOPIA: CHOICES AND CONSTRAINTS
Creators: name: Maertens, Miet
name: Maertens, Miet
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: Consumer/Household Economics

description: Peasant households, especially African rural households, can hold very diversified portfolios of economic activities. Portfolio diversification is often seen as a risk-reducing mechanism and linked with lowering risk at the cost of a lower income. A simple theoretical model of activity choice reveals that factors other than risk might influence the desire to diversity. In addition, binding entry-constraints might exist for certain off-farm activities. An empirical analysis of Ethiopian rural households suggests that entry-constraints are important in explaining portfolio and that diversification can actually result in increasing income.