Cheiloneurus mantua Noyes 2023, sp.nov.
Creators: name: Noyes, John Stuart
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Encyrtidae
Cheiloneurus
Cheiloneurus mantua

description: Cheiloneurus mantua sp.nov.   
(Figs 656-660; Hab. E 99)  
 DIAGNOSIS. Female (length about 1.5-1.9mm): body generally dark brown to black with a weak to moderate metallic sheen; antenna (Fig. 658) with scape pale orange, dorsal margin brown proximally; pedicel mostly pale orange, proximally dark brown; funicle pale orange; clava dark brown; mesoscutum with uniform, silvery setae; coxae white; hind tibia mostly pale orange, legs otherwise white to pale orange with a few brown areas; fore wing (Fig. 657) almost completely hyaline but weakly infuscate immediately below marginal and stigmal veins, a hint of a weakly infuscate median streak in apical half; head (Fig. 656) about 4X as wide as frontovertex, in facial view nearly 1.1X as broad as long, subcircular, gena weakly and evenly curved; frontovertex naked medially below anterior ocellus; area between eye and scrobe slightly narrower than diameter of anterior ocellus, with distinct sculpture, scrobal margin rounded; interantennal prominence dorsally rounded with only a few long setae; mandible with two long, sharp lower teeth and a very short upper tooth; antenna (Fig. 658) with scape about 4.5X as long as broad; funicle with F1 subquadrate, other segments strongly transverse, becoming larger distad; head about as wide as length of pedicel and flagellum combined; linear sensilla on F5-F6; clava 3-segmented, slightly longer than funicle, sensory area large and forming an oblique truncation, extending about 0.5X along ventral margin; mesoscutum (Fig. 660) with polygonally reticulate sculpture; scutellum with a distinct, but very short apical tuft of setae; wings fully developed; fore wing (Fig. 657) about 2.5X as long as broad; parastigma not curved downwards; costal cell dorsally with 2 or 3 setae at apex and a single, complete line of setae ventrally; area below proximal part of parastigma with a group of about 15 setae; apices of postmarginal and stigmal veins (Fig. 659) not connected by a naked hyaline area; apical bristle of postmarginal vein about 0.4X as long as marginal vein; mid tibial spur very nearly as long as basitarsus; propodeum (Fig. 660) with about 15 setae around each spiracle, not extending down side; syntergum about as long as mid tibia; ovipositor about 3.2X gonostylus or 1.6X mid tibia; gonostylus about 1.8X as long as mid tibial spur; exserted part of ovipositor about 0.4X as long as mid tibial spur. Male: unknown.   
Female (holotype): length, including ovipositor, 1.84mm; excluding ovipositor, 1.77mm (CPD).  
Head black with weak, blue and purple reflections on frontovertex; ocellar area more strongly purple; scrobal area mostly with a stronger blue-green sheen, mixed with purple, especially on interantennal prominence between toruli; mouth margin narrowly purplish; gena and temple with a brighter, slightly brassy metallic green sheen, strongest immediately below eye, some coppery reflections on lower gena; frontovertex with inconspicuous dark brown setae; antenna (Fig,. 658) with radicle pale orange, apex with a dark brown ring; scape pale orange, proximally with a narrow, dark brown ring, dorsal margin brown in proximal two-thirds or so; pedicel mostly pale orange, proximally dark brown; funicle pale orange; clava dark brown; thorax mostly dark brown to black; pronotum coppery with green and brassy reflections; mesoscutum clothed with uniform, translucent silvery setae and with a metallic green to blue-green sheen mixed with coppery and brassy reflections, posterior margin coppery purple; tegula dark brown; axilla dull, dark purple-brown with coppery reflections; scutellum noticeably less shiny than mesoscutum, but with blue-green and coppery reflections, clothed with dark brown setae, extreme sides and apex shining green mixed coppery; metanotum with slight purple sheen; mesopleuron in posterior half with a coppery-purple and brassy sheen, anterior half mixed blue and brassy, these narrowly separated by a coppery, dark blue and violet sheen; fore coxa white; fore femur white to pale yellow, with a subapical, brown spot externally; fore tibia pale orange with a very small, subbasal, brown spot externally; mid coxa white; mid femur white to pale yellow with a subapical brown spot externally, tibia pale orange with a subbasal brown spot externally; hind coxa white; hind femur white in proximal half or so, otherwise pale orange-brown, tibia mostly pale orange with an incomplete, narrow, subbasal brown ring; tarsi pale orange, pretarsi slightly dusky; fore wing (Fig. 657) almost completely hyaline but weakly infuscate immediately below marginal and stigmal veins, a hint of a weakly infuscate median streak distad of pale brown venation; propodeum dark purple-brown; sides metallic green with a few conspicuous silvery setae in spiracular area; gaster dark purple-brown, Gt1 largely metallic blue-green; remainder of dorsum of gaster slightly coppery, mixed purple and brassy, sides of gaster towards apex and outer plates of ovipositor mixed metallic green, coppery and brassy; gonostylus dark brown, extreme apex orange.  
Head (Fig. 656) about 4X as wide as frontovertex, not subtriangular in profile, occipital margin carinate, occiput without a median groove above foramen; ocelli forming an angle of about 50°; frontovertex slightly shiny, with conspicuous reticulate sculpture of mesh size generally very slightly smaller than diameter of eye facet; scrobal area and mouth margin with shallower sculpture; gena and temple with more elongate sculpture of larger mesh; scrobes shallow, meeting dorsally, dorsal and lateral margins weakly rounded; antenna as in Fig. 658; scape hardly broadened and flattened, about 4.5X as long as broad; F1 subquadrate, remaining segments strongly transverse and broadest distad; clava moderately broad, about as long as funicle, sutures oblique, sensory area enlarged, extending about one-third along clava ventrally and giving it an obliquely truncate appearance; eye reaching occipital margin, clothed with inconspicuous setae, each of which is about as long as diameter of facet; inner eye margins not converging anteriorly; malar sulcus absent; mandible with two long, acute, lower teeth and a short upper tooth. Relative measurements: HW 71, HH 66, FV 18, OD 6, POL 7.5, OOL 1, OCL 6, AOL 9, EL 44, EW 38, MS 28, SL 35, SW 8.  
Thorax (Fig. 660) with shallow, irregular, polygonally reticulate sculpture on pronotum, generally of mesh size subequal to diameter of facet; sculpture on mesoscutum generally of similar depth to that on pronotum, but more regular and of smaller mesh; sculpture on axilla similar to that on mesoscutum, but slightly deeper; scutellum with conspicuously deeper, polygonally reticulate sculpture; apex and sides narrowly completely smooth; visible part of mesoscutum about 1.7X as broad as long; scutellum slightly broader than long, with a very short subapical tuft, setae about one-quarter as long as scutellum; hind femur about 3.7X as long as broad; fore wing with venation and setation as in Figs 657, 659; costal cell with only 3 setae dorsally at apex; no naked streak present between apices of postmarginal and stigmal veins (Fig. 659); propodeum with moderately dense setae in spiracular area, side naked, medially less than 0.1X as long as scutellum and with some shallow polygonally reticulate sculpture. Relative measurements: FWL 73, FWW 29; HWL 58, HWW 16.  
Gaster with hypopygium reaching about half-way to apex; syntergum about as long as mid tibia and with apex acute; ovipositor slightly exserted, the exserted part about 0.4X as long as mid tibial spur.  
Paratype. Funicle with linear sensilla present only on F5-F6; gaster without “gland-like” structures on Gt1 or Gt5; gonostylus about 1.8X as long as mid tibial spur. Relative measurements: OL 54, GL 17 [MT 33].  
Variation. Females vary in overall length from 1.48-1.84mm, otherwise little in type material examined.  
Male. Unknown.  
DISTRIBUTION. Costa Rica.  
HOSTS. Unknown.  
MATERIAL EXAMINED.  
 Type material. Holotype E: COSTA RICA, Puntarenas, Las Cruces, MT/YPT, 18-22.iii.1990 (J.S. Noyes). Paratypes: COSTA RICA, 1E, Puntarenas, same data as holotype; 1E, Puntarenas, San Vito, 1200m, coffee, iii-iv.1996 (P. Hanson). Holotype in MZUCR, paratypes in NHMUK.   
 COMMENTS. See comments under mirabel (p. 263).
description: Published as part of Noyes, John Stuart, 2023, ENCYRTIDAE OF COSTA RICA (HYMENOPTERA: CHALCIDOIDEA), 4 Subfamily Encyrtinae: tribes Arrhenophagini, Habrolepidini, Cerapterocerini, Cheiloneurini, Trechnitini, Cercobelini, Polaszekiini, Protyndarichoidini, Gahaniellini and Syrphophagini (part), mainly primary parasitoids and hyperparasitoids of Coccoidea and Psylloidea (Hemiptera), pp. 1-921 in Taxonomic Monographs on Neotropical Hymenoptera (Oxford, England) (Oxford, England) 2 (11) on pages 264-265, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.8074943