cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Nonlinear Stochastic Biasing of Galaxies and Dark Halos in Cosmological Hydrodynamic Simulations
Creators: name: Yoshikawa, Kohji
name: Taruya, Atsushi
name: Jing, Y. P.
name: Suto, Yasushi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform an extensive analysis of nonlinear and stochastic biasing of galaxies and dark halos in spatially flat low-density CDM universe using cosmological hydrodynamic simulations. We compare their biasing properties with the predictions of an analytic halo biasing model. Dark halos in our simulations exhibit reasonable agreement with the predictions only on scales larger than 10h^{-1}Mpc, and on smaller scales the volume exclusion effect of halos due to their finite size becomes substantial. Interestingly the biasing properties of galaxies are better described by extrapolating the halo biasing model predictions. We also find the clear dependence of galaxy biasing on their formation epoch; the distribution of old populations of galaxies tightly correlates with the underlying mass density field, while that of young populations is slightly more stochastic and anti-biased relative to dark matter. The amplitude of two-point correlation function of old populations is about 3 times larger than that of the young populations. Furthermore, the old population of galaxies reside within massive dark halos while the young galaxies are preferentially formed in smaller dark halos. Assuming that the observed early and late-type galaxies correspond to the simulated old and young populations of galaxies, respectively, all of these segregations of galaxies are consistent with observational ones for the early and late-type of galaxies such as the morphology--density relation of galaxies.
description: 28 pages, 14 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ, Abstract abridged. For preprint with higher-resolution PS files, see ftp://www.kusastro.kyoto-u.ac.jp/pub/kohji/ytjs2001/
Phyllozetes Gordeeva 1978
Creators: name: Jorrin, J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Sarcoptiformes
Cosmochthoniidae
Phyllozetes

description: Phyllozetes Gordeeva, 1978
 Diagnosis — Enarthronotic oribatids belonging to Cosmochthoniidae and with the type of Cosmochthonius emmae Berlese, 1910 (p. 222, Figure 49); with fenestrated rostrum; notogaster divided into four segments; setae in the d- series linked to the first type- E scissure; spear-like erectile setae e-f; polydactyl heterodactyl legs, tarsal formula 2-2-2-3.
description: Published as part of Jorrin, J., 2014, Two New Arthronotic Mites From The South Of Spain (Oribatida, Cosmochthoniidae), With A New Subgenus And Species Of Cosmochthonius And One New Species Of Phyllozetes, pp. 183-191 in Acarologia 54 (2) on page 187, DOI: 10.1051/acarologia/20142126, http://zenodo.org/record/5394531
title: Ohne Big Brother und Cloud, aber nicht ohne Probleme: Fallbeispiele zu Implikationen smarter Technik mit einfachen Sensoren im Zuhause
Creators: name: Börner, Andy
name: Köpferl, Karola
name: Lehmann, Tanja
name: Becker, Alexa
name: Berger, Arne
name: Bischof, Andreas
name: Kurze, Albrecht
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Smart Home
subject: IoT
subject: Internet of Things
subject: Privacy
subject: Sensors
subject: Implications
subject: ELSI

description: Mit der Verbreitung von IoT-Geräten im Zuhause, mit einer Vielzahl von Sensoren, die Daten sammeln und speichern, entstehen Probleme, insbesondere für Privatheit. Diese lassen sich vermeintlich leicht lösen, wenn keine Produkte von großen Tech-Konzernen genutzt werden, um eine Speicherung und Analyse von Daten in der Cloud oder durch einen „Big Brother“ zu vermeiden. Wir zeigen anhand von drei Fallbeispielen aus der Literatur, dass es selbst bei einfachen Sensordaten hintergründig doch nicht so einfach ist. Abschließend beschreiben wir unseren Forschungsansatz „Privacy by Co-Design“ dazu.
title: Comparing a legacy tools taxonomy with digital tools from Computer Science Ontology
Creators: name: Tiemann, Michael
name: Dörpinghaus, Jens
name: Hariharapura Shivashankar, Venkatesh
name: Dorau, Ralf
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Ontology Mapping
subject: Dual-lingual Ontologies
subject: Labor Market Research
subject: Digitalization
subject: Tools

description: In 2018, BIBB introduced a legacy tools taxonomy for labor market research which is enhanced utilizing the Computer Science Ontology (CSO) and dual-language translation to incorporate additional information. The main research question is if it is feasible to enrich or rebuild an existing taxonomy on the basis of CSO. This poster presents a novel approach to enrich the CSO with data from DBpedia, creating a dual-language ontology enriched with tools and entities. This includes an ML-based approach to identify tools and compares the results with the legacy work tools taxonomy to identify the gaps.
Empis (Coptophlebia) chrysocera Collin 1930
Creators: name: Esa, C. Daugeron
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2001
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Empididae
Empis
Empis chrysocera

description: Empis (Coptophlebia) chrysocera -group
 Diagnosis
Species brown to blackish in general colour; ¯agellum styliform; proboscis about twice the head height, labium slender, strongly sclerotized, with distinct annulations; proepisternum bare; laterotergite with fan of strong black bristles; R41 5 branched at right-angle, veins M1 and M2 abbreviated; presence of pennate bristles on legs of females; male pregenital segments always strongly modi®ed. Male cerci made up of anterior almost bare lobe and posterior bristled lobe; epandrial lamellae connected anteriorly. Spermatheca unsclerotized (®gure 14).
 Discussion
 With the relatively short proboscis, rather short scutal bristles, the entirely brown legs, the transformed male pregenital segments and the characteristic structure of male genitalia, species of the E. (C.) chrysocera -group are very distinct from those belonging to the subgenus Disneyempis and the E. (C.) namwamba -group. On the other hand, they can be distinguished from the remaining Afrotropical Empidini by the following combination of characters: proepisternum bare, labella as long as prementum, presence of distinct annulations on labium and spermatheca unsclerotized.
 Within the E. (C.) chrysocera -group, two complexes of species can be de®ned: the E. (C.) lyra - and E. (C.) chrysocera -complexes (see the cladistic analysis). They can be distinguished by the colour of the male wing, the number of notopleurals, the tint of prescutellar depression, the shape and structure of male pregenital segments (see the key to species).
 Nothing is known about mating and feeding behaviour of species of the E. (C.) chrysocera -group. However, according to their label, the holotype of E. barbitos and one female paratype of E. cuthbertsoni have been collected at ¯owers of Clematis stanleyi (Ranunculaceae) and Scabiosa (Dipsacaceae), respectively. On the other hand males have holoptic eyes with upper ommatidia enlarged. Consequently, as most of Empidini, species of the E. (C.) chrysocera -group are probably ¯ower visitors and form swarms in which mating takes place.
 Distribution
 The E. (C.) chrysocera -group appears widespread in Africa, from West to East and Southern Africa, but seems absent from South Africa (®gure 47): Congo, Kenya, Mozambique, Nigeria, Senegal, Tanzania, Zimbabwe.
 Included species
 E. (C.) brazzavillensis sp. n.; E. (C.) barbitos Smith, 1971; E. (C.) juxtaripa sp. n.; E. (C.) lyra Smith, 1967b; E. (C.) plumata sp. n.; E. (C.) chrysocera Collin, 1929; E. (C.) cuthbertsoni Smith, 1971; E. (C.) machipandensis Smith, 1969; E. (C.) samaruensis sp. n.; E. (C.) singulare sp. n.
description: Published as part of Esa, C. Daugeron, 2001, Cladistics and taxonomy of the Afrotropical Empis (Coptophlebia) chrysocera-group (Diptera, Empididae), pp. 583-616 in Journal of Natural History 35 on pages 585-586
The Electron Temperature and 44Ti Decay Rate in Cassiopeia A
Creators: name: Laming, J. Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effects of plasma elemental composition and ionization state on the effective decay rate of 44Ti are investigated. We essentially follow the methods of the first authors to treat this topic, Mochizuki et al., but use more realistic plasma models, including radiative cooling, to compute the evolution of the charge state distribution behind the reverse shock. For uniform density ejecta (i.e. no clumps or bubbles) we find a negligible change to the decay rate of 44Ti. We discuss the effects of non-uniform ejecta. We also briefly consider the effects on these calculations of collisionless electron heating associated with weak secondary shocks propagating throughout the Cas A shell as a result of foward or reverse shock encounters with density inhomogeneities, recently suggested as an explanation for the hard X-ray tail seen in BeppoSAX and RXTE/OSSE spectra.
description: 6 pages, to appear in proceedings of Joint SOHO-ACE Workshop 2001, Solar and Galactic Abundances
Chua Mem-Components for Adaptive RF Metamaterials
Creators: name: Georgiou, J.
name: Kossifos, K. M.
name: Jaafar, A. H.
name: Kemp, N. T.
name: Antoniades, M. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Chua's mem-components are ideal for creating adaptive metasurfaces for manipulating EM waves given that they hold their state without external biases. In this paper, we propose a generic adaptive reactive element that is in fact a memcapacitor/meminductor. This element makes use of a polymer that demonstrates reversible trans-cis photochemical isomerization, thus making it possible to change the distance between two conductive plates by up to 25%. Furthermore, a design methodology for utilizing these devices is presented.
description: 5 pages, 7 figures, Published in 2018 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS)
The OH Megamaser Luminosity Function
Creators: name: Darling, Jeremy
name: Giovanelli, Riccardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the 1667 MHz OH megamaser luminosity function derived from a single flux-limited survey. The Arecibo Observatory OH megamaser (OHM) survey has doubled the number of known OH megamasers, and we list the complete catalog of OHMs detected by the survey here, including three redetections of known OHMs. OHMs are produced in major galaxy mergers which are (ultra)luminous in the far-infrared. The OH luminosity function follows a power law in integrated line luminosity, $Φ\propto L_{OH}^{-0.64}$ per Mpc^3 per dex, and is well-sampled for 10^{2.2} L(sun) < L_{OH} < 10^{3.8} L(sun). The OH luminosity function is incorporated into predictions of the detectability and areal density of OHMs in high redshift OH surveys for a variety of current and planned telescopes and merging evolution scenarios parameterized by (1+z)^m in the merger rate ranging from m=0 (no evolution) to m=8 (extreme evolution). Up to dozens of OHMs may be detected per square degree per 50 MHz by a survey reaching an rms noise of 100 microJy per 0.1 MHz channel. An adequately sensitive ``OH Deep Field'' would significantly constrain the evolution exponent m even if no detections are made. In addition to serving as luminous tracers of massive mergers, OHMs may also trace highly obscured nuclear starburst activity and the formation of binary supermassive black holes.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures, accepted by ApJ. (AASTeX, includes emulateapj5 and onecolfloat5)
title: Towards Context-aware Recommender Systems for Supporting Knowledge Workers in Personal and Corporate Information Space
Creators: name: Bakhshizadeh, Mahta
name: Jilek, Christian
name: Maus, Heiko
name: Dengel, Andreas
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Recommender systems
subject: Context awareness
subject: Knowledge work support
subject: Corporate memory
subject: Knowledge assistance
subject: Personal information management

description: Although recommender systems have been impressively progressing in many domains, their usage in supporting knowledge workers has not been explored as much as in other applications. Having the existing challenges and the recent studies addressing this novel application introduced, this paper provides a framework for integrating such systems into existing concepts and technologies for knowledge assistance. As a case study, a sample recommendation scenario according to the proposed framework is simulated on the historical data of a small group of knowledge workers. The collected explicit feedback of participants on the made recommendations from both their personal and corporate information space indicate that while the approach is promising (with 54% accuracy in recommending relevant information items), there is still considerable potential for improvement in filtering out noise and better modeling user contexts and information needs.
Donald Northcote - Bibliography from DONALD HENRY NORTHCOTE. 27 December 1921 — 7 January 2004
Creators: name: D. W. T. Crompton
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biochemistry

description: Don Northcote became eminent in the field of plant biochemistry following his identification of the processes involved in the synthesis and deposition of polysaccharides that constitute the cell wall of plants. His researches spanned lower and higher plant species and he showed by the application of a variety of experimental techniques, including radioautography, electrophoresis, freeze etching and the novel use of electron microscopy, that much of the material of the cell wall is synthesized in cytoplasmic organelles before being transported to the developing wall in vesicles assembled from the membranes of the Golgi body. His findings inspired many colleagues to build on the foundation he laid for understanding the biochemistry of cell morphogenesis. Nearly his entire career was spent in fundamental research and teaching in the Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, from 1948 until his retirement in 1992. In addition, he was a fellow of St John's College, Cambridge, from 1960 to 1976, and he served Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge, as master from 1976 to 1992.
title: Partizipative Ansätze in der Entwicklung smarter und privatsphärefreundlicher Technik für das Zuhause
Creators: name: Köpferl, Karola
name: Lehmann, Tanja
name: Börner, Andy
name: Becker, Alexa
name: Berger, Arne
name: Bischof, Andreas
name: Kurze, Albrecht
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Internet of Things
subject: Smart Home
subject: Privatsphäre
subject: Partizipation
subject: Privacy
subject: Sensoren

description: Smarte Technik zieht mehr und mehr ins Zuhause ein und verspricht Komfort, Effizienz und Sicherheit. Dabei sind zwei Probleme festzustellen: Zum einen werden technische Innovationen an den Bedürfnissen und der Lebenswelt der Nutzenden vorbei entwickelt, speziell an der Zielgruppe der Älteren. Zum anderen werden mögliche Implikationen smarter Technik durch vermeintlich einfache Sensoren nicht ausreichend berücksichtigt, speziell für die Privatsphäre der Nutzenden. Beide Probleme sind dabei miteinander verwoben und sollten gemeinsam betrachtet werden, um smarte und privatsphärefreundliche Technik für das Zuhause zu entwickeln. Wir stellen dazu partizipative, lebensweltorientierte Ansätze anhand von vier Projekten für jeweils unterschiedliche Aspekte und methodische Einbindungen der Nutzenden vor. Dies beinhaltet Ansätze zum Sprechen über Technik in einem Stadtlabor, zu ihrem Verstehen, kreatives Entwickeln gewünschter Funktionen in imaginierten Verwendungskontexten und schließlich auch das Erleben der Technik inklusive ihrer Implikationen.
Hyalonema Gray. Zoosystema 1835
Creators: name: Reiswig, Henry M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2000
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Porifera
Hexactinellida
Amphidiscosida
Hyalonematidae
Hyalonema

description: Genus Hyalonema Gray, 1835
 TYPE SPECIES. — Hyalonema sieboldi Gray, 1835 by monotypy.
DIAGNOSIS. — From Ijima 1927. Hyalonematid with variously shaped body; dermal surface entirely exposed on the exterior, without conical projections and pleural prostals; gastral surface flatly exposed, depressed or outbulged; basal tuft compact, twisted after full growth.
description: Published as part of Reiswig, Henry M., 2000, The hexactinellid Leiobolidium Schmidt (Porifera) is a Hyalonema Gray, pp. 411-417 in Zoosystema 22 (2) on page 413, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5394538
BeppoSAX measurements of the bright gamma-ray burst 010222
Creators: name: Zand, J. J. M. in 't
name: Kuiper, L.
name: Amati, L.
name: Antonelli, L. A.
name: Butler, R. C.
name: Costa, E.
name: Feroci, M.
name: Frontera, F.
name: Gandolfi, G.
name: Guidorzi, C.
name: Heise, J.
name: Kaptein, R. G.
name: Kuulkers, E.
name: Nicastro, L.
name: Piro, L.
name: Soffitta, P.
name: Tavani, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the BeppoSAX measurements of the prompt and afterglow emission of the gamma-ray burst GRB010222. Among 45 GRBs detected with the Wide Field Cameras on BeppoSAX, the 40-700 keV fluence of (9.3+/-0.3)E-5 erg cm-2 is only surpassed by GRB990123. In terms of the isotropic 20-2000 keV energy output of 7.8E53 erg, it ranks third of all GRBs with measured distances. Since this burst is so bright, the data provide complete and valuable coverage up to 65 hr after the event, except for a gap between 3.5 and 8.0 hr. The 2-10 keV flux history shows clear signs of a break which is consistent with a break seen in the optical, and provides supporting evidence for the achromatic nature of the break. An explanation for the break in the context of a collimated expansion is not straightforward. Rather, a model is favored whereby the fireball is braked to the non-relativistic regime quickly (within a fraction of day) by a dense 1E6 cm-3 circumburst medium. This implies that, after a mild beaming correction, GRB010222 may be the most energetic burst observed thus far. The X-ray decay index after the break is 1.33+/-0.04, the spectral index 0.97+/-0.05. The decay is, with unprecedented accuracy, identical to that observed in the optical.
description: Accepted on June 6 for publication in ApJ part I. Publication due in October 2001. Accepted version has only minor modifications
Neutrino nature, total and geometric phase
Creators: name: Capolupo, A.
name: Giampaolo, S. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the total and the geometric phase associated with neutrino mixing and we show that the phases produced by the neutrino oscillations have different values depending on the representation of the mixing matrix and on the neutrino nature. Therefore the phases represent a possible probe to distinguish between Dirac and Majorana neutrinos.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, presented at 9th International Conference DICE2018: Spacetime - Matter - Quantum Mechanics : From discrete structures and dynamics to top-down causation
Model qualification of the PK-Sim® pediatric module for pediatric exposure assessment of CYP450 metabolized compounds
Creators: name: Yejin Esther Yun
name: Edginton, Andrea N.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Pediatric physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models facilitate the estimation of pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters in children under specific exposure conditions. In human health risk assessment, PBPK modeling has been used to determine a chemical-specific human kinetic adjustment factor (HKAF). Due to increased demands in regulatory assessment, model evaluation and qualification have gained growing attention. The aim of this study was to undertake model qualification of pediatric PBPK models for compounds that are primarily metabolized by cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes. The objectives were to determine the appropriateness of the virtual individual creating algorithm in PK-Sim® in predicting PK parameters and their variability in children and identify critical system-specific inputs. PBPK models in adults were constructed for several pharmaceuticals (grouped by major clearance process such as CYP3A4). Several age groups of virtual individuals were created to represent children in pediatric clinical studies. The mean and variance of clearance (CL) from virtual populations were compared to observed values. Sensitivity analysis on area under the curve (AUC) was performed. System-specific parameters of virtual children that contribute to inter-individual PK properties were assessed. Eighty-one percent of the comparisons between simulated and observed clearance values were within twofold error. The mean fold errors were 1.1, 1, 0.7 and 1.8 in adolescents, children, infants and neonates, respectively. CL variability was reasonably predicted for 70% of the comparisons with comparable coefficients of variation between observed and predicted. The sensitivity analysis revealed that fraction unbound in plasma, parameters related to CYP enzyme-mediated metabolism and liver volumewere most important in the estimation of pediatric exposure. A comparison of variabilities in weight, height and liver volume in virtual children showed reliable agreement with observed data. The presented results of predictive performance and properties of virtual populations provide confidence in the use of PK-Sim for pediatric PBPK modeling in toxicological applications including PBPK-based-HKAF derivation.
title: Innovations- und Transformationspotentiale für die zirkuläre Wirtschaft heben: Innovationen für die Circular Economy durch modernes Quantencomputing
Creators: name: Hoffmann, Anna
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Innovation
subject: Transformation
subject: Nationale Kreislaufwirtschaftsstrategie
subject: Zirkuläre Kreislaufwirtschaft
subject: Quantencomputing
subject: Zukunftsstrategie
subject: Circular Economy
subject: Unknown Unknowns

description: Die aktuellen Entwicklungen im Quantencomputing bieten durch hybride, quanten-klassische Algorithmen und die Neuentwicklung von Hardware innovative Optionen für die Transformation zum zirkulären Wirtschaften, wie sie im Entwurf zu einer Nationalen Kreislaufwirtschaftsstrategie im Juni 2024 vorgestellt wurden. Quantencomputer auf der Basis von Stickstoff-Fehlstellen-Zentren im Diamantgitter können bei Raumtemperatur benutzt werden und ihr Einsatz ist auch in mobilen Endgeräten oder in Satelliten denkbar. Die Transformation zum zirkulären Wirtschaften stellt die Gesellschaft vor besondere Herausforderungen, die nur durch nachhaltige Kooperation und ein neues Zukunftsdenken zu bewältigen sind. Die Bedingungen für echte Durchbrüche liegen im Raum der „Unknown Unknowns“, dem Ort maximaler Ungewissheit. Der Einsatz für eine zukunftsfähige Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft erfordert individuellen Mut. Die neuen Formen des zirkulären Wirtschaftens bieten vielfältige Möglichkeiten der Mitgestaltung, die Spielarten von Deep Tech sind für diesen Kontext noch nicht ausreichend ausgelotet. Mehr Zusammenarbeit in der Wissenschaftscommunity und weniger Wettbewerb ist erforderlich.
title: Digitale Kolonie und Lock-in verhindern: Der Weg zur digitalen Souveränität mit Open Source. Diskussionsbeitrag zum Workshop „Digitale Souveränität – MACHEN!“
Creators: name: Wehens, Harald
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Digitale Souveränität
subject: digitale Kolonie
subject: digitale Nachhaltigkeit
subject: DSGVO
subject: CLOUD Act
subject: Digitalstrategie
subject: Vendor- und Cloud Lock-in
subject: Marketing-Narrative
subject: Big Tech
subject: Marktmacht
subject: Open Source Software

description: Führende IT-Experten, Wissenschaftler und Funktionäre von Wirtschaftsverbänden warnen zunehmend davor, dass wir uns auf dem Weg in eine digitale Kolonie befinden. Die möglichen Auswirkungen auf die Existenz von Unternehmen, Regierungs- und Nichtregierungsorganisationen, auf Steuereinnahmen, Sozialsysteme, Bildung und Forschung sind dramatisch. Hinzu kommen konkrete Gefahren für unsere politische Informationsfreiheit und Selbstbestimmung. Kurz: Ohne Digitale Souveränität keine Zukunft für unsere Gesellschaft! Der Beitrag analysiert einleitend den Status der digitalen Abhängigkeit Deutschlands und Europas. Auch der Umsetzungsstand der Digitalstrategie 2022 der Bundesregierung wird beleuchtet. Die vielfältigen Risiken und Folgen digitaler Abhängigkeit werden aufgezeigt. Abschließend werden Lösungsansätze für eine ‚Zeitenwende‘ hin zu mehr Digitaler Souveränität und weniger digitaler Abhängigkeit skizziert. Diese Lösungsansätze sollen zusammen mit weiteren Ideen im Rahmen der GI-Jahrestagung 2024 diskutiert werden. Die Gründung einer 'Allianz für Digitale Souveränität' sowie die Erstellung eines Aktionsplans ‚Digitale Souveränität – MACHEN!‘ sind geplant. Der Einsatz von Open Source Software sowie die Nutzung von IT-Systemen, die europäischem Recht unterliegen, spielen dabei eine zentrale Rolle.
title: Assessing Large Language Models in the Agricultural Sector: A Comprehensive Analysis Utilizing a Novel Synthetic Benchmark Dataset
Creators: name: Kästing, Marvin
name: Hänig, Christian
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Large Language Models
subject: Retrieval-Augmented Generation
subject: Agricultural Information Retrieval
subject: Benchmark Dataset

description: This paper provides a comprehensive study of Large Language Models (LLMs) for question-answering and information retrieval tasks within the agricultural domain. We introduce the novel benchmark dataset BVL QA Corpus 2024 specifically designed to thoroughly evaluate both commercial and non-commercial LLMs in agricultural contexts. Using LLMs, we generate question-answer pairs from paragraphs extracted from domain-specific agricultural documents. Leveraging this newly developed benchmark dataset, we assess a selection of LLMs using standard metrics. Additionally, we develop a prototype Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) system tailored to the agricultural sector. This system is then compared to baseline evaluations to determine the degree of alignment between actual performance and initial upper limit estimations. Our empirical analysis demonstrates that RAG systems outperform baseline LLMs across all metrics.
Agile Network Access Control in the Container Age
Creators: name: Diekmann, Cornelius
name: Naab, Johannes
name: Korsten, Andreas
name: Carle, Georg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Linux Containers, such as those managed by Docker, are an increasingly popular way to package and deploy complex applications. However, the fundamental security primitive of network access control for a distributed microservice deployment is often ignored or left to the network operations team. High-level application-specific security requirements are not appropriately enforced by low-level network access control lists. Apart from coarse-grained separation of virtual networks, Docker neither supports the application developer to specify nor the network operators to enforce fine-grained network access control between containers. In a fictional story, we follow DevOp engineer Alice through the lifecycle of a web application. From the initial design and software engineering through network operations and automation, we show the task expected of Alice and propose tool-support to help. As a full-stack DevOp, Alice is involved in high-level design decisions as well as low-level network troubleshooting. Focusing on network access control, we demonstrate shortcomings in today's policy management and sketch a tool-supported solution. We survey related academic work and show that many existing tools fail to bridge between the different levels of abstractions a full-stack engineer is operating on. Our toolset is formally verified using Isabell/HOL and is available as Open Source.
Numerical Modeling of Liquid Hydrogen Storage Tanks for the Reduction of Boil-Off Losses
Creators: name: Appel, Kyle
Publisher: name: Washington State University
Year: 2024
Subjects: Boil-off
Liquid Hydrogen
Numerical modeling

description: Liquid hydrogen is stored at 20 K (-420°F) resulting in significant daily boil-off losses. As the demand for hydrogen multiplies in the coming decades, these losses become a primary opportunity for storage system improvement. Thermal heat leak into the tank is both convenient to analyze and a substantially researched source of losses. However, real-world tank operations like cyclic venting, liquid refills, and liquid extractions have not been carefully investigated for their effect on liquid system performance.
description: Real-world liquid hydrogen tank operation examples were sourced from the literature including NASA, as well as tank operation data provided by Plug Power. A numerical model
description: was developed that integrates the mass and energy equations through time. Empirical functions were developed for various tank operations. The resulting model was able to reproduce an in-service tank pressure trace with operations of filling, liquid extraction, and venting with ±3% accuracy. The resulting model framework is useful for parametrically investigating the effect of operation changes on hydrogen boil-off losses. The model predicted that decreasing the pressure drop in the tank during venting by 78% results in a boil-off loss reduction of 29%. The model also predicted that the implementation of new operations like reliquefiers in storage systems can reduce boil-off losses by 92%. Using the model, informed decisions can be made for the operations of LH2 storage systems to minimize the associated hydrogen loss.
Mid Infrared Polarisation of Ultraluminous Infrared Galaxies
Creators: name: Siebenmorgen, R.
name: Efstathiou, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The mid infrared polarisation properties of four Ultraluminous Infrared Galaxies (ULIRGs) have been investigated by broad band filter observations with the ISOCAM instrument on board the Infrared Space Observatory (ISO). The wavelength region from 5 to 18 mic. was selected where the emission from the putative torus peaks. We report detection of polarisation for all ULIRGs studied. The fractional polarisation ranges from about 3% up to 8%. The highest polarisation is recorded in Mrk231 which has a clear AGN signature, whereas the lowest is for Arp220, which is generally thought to be powered predominantly by star formation. We discuss the various mechanisms that could give rise to the polarisation and conclude that the most likely interpretation is that it is due to magnetically aligned elongated dust grains. This is the same mechanism believed to be operating in a number of galactic sources. The position angle of polarisation could give the projected magnetic field direction and therefore constrain models for the formation of the tori.
description: Accepted by A&A (Letter)
National Election Pool Poll: 2018 National Election Day Exit Poll
Creators: name: ABC News
name: CBS News
name: CNN
name: National Election Pool (NEP)
name: NBC
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2020

description: US House vote (2); US Senate vote (1); gubernatorial vote (1); abortion (1); religious service attendance (1); children in home (1); factors in deciding House vote (2); would rather see House controlled by Democratic/Republican party (1); government protection of election security (1); political party favorability (2); House Minority Leader Nancy Pelosi favorability (1); family's financial situation now vs. two years ago (1); first time voting in midterm (1); support/oppose stricter gun control measures (1); household gun ownership (1); Democratic/Republican party would better protect health care for people with pre-existing conditions (1); Congress should/should not impeach Trump and remove him from office (1); most important issue facing country (1); support/oppose Brett Kavanaugh's confirmation to the Supreme Court (1); respondent is/is not lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender (1); approve/disapprove of Robert Mueller's investigation into Russian interference in 2016 election (1); condition of national economy (1); party identification (1); political ideology (1); importance of electing more racial and ethnic minorities to public office (1); racial favoritism (1); investigation into Russian interference in 2016 election justified/politically motivated (1); sexual harassment (1); effect of last year's tax laws on personal finances (1); direction of country (1); effect of Trump's trade policies on local economy (1); Trump job performance (1); Trump's approach to foreign policy making US more/less safe (1); Trump's immigration policies too tough/not tough enough (1); Americans are becoming more united/divided politically (1); veteran status (1); 2016 presidential vote (1); more concerned that people who shouldn't be able to vote will cast ballots/people who should be able to vote will be prevented from doing so (1); importance of electing more women to public office (1).
title: Privacy, Utility, Effort, Transparency and Fairness: Identifying and Swaying Trade-offs in Privacy Preserving Machine Learning through Hybrid Methods
Creators: name: Eleks, Marian
name: Ihler Jakob,
name: Rebstadt, Jonas
name: Kortum-Landwehr, Henrik
name: Thomas, Oliver
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Privacy Preserving Machine Learning
subject: Trade-off
subject: Hybrid Methods
subject: Design Science

description: As Artificial Intelligence (AI) permeates most economic sectors, the discipline Privacy Preserving Machine Learning (PPML) gains increasing importance as a way to ensure appropriate handling of sensitive data in the machine learning process. Although PPML-methods stand to provide privacy protection in AI use cases, each one comes with a trade-off. Practitioners applying PPML-methods increasingly request an overview of the types and impacts of these trade-offs. To aid this gap in knowledge, this article applies design science research to collect trade-off dimensions and method impacts in an extensive literature review. It then evaluates the specific trade-offs with a focus group of experts and finally constructs an overview over PPML-methods and method combinations’ impact. The final trade-off dimensions are privacy, utility, effort, transparency, and fairness. Seven PPML-methods and their combinations are evaluated according to their impact in these dimensions, resulting in a vast collection of design knowledge and identified research gaps.
Concentration tuned tetragonal strain in alloys: application to magnetic anisotropy of FeNi$_{1-x}$Co$_x$
Creators: name: Wysocki, Aleksander L.
name: Nguyen, Manh Cuong
name: Wang, Cai-Zhuang
name: Ho, Kai-Ming
name: Postnikov, Andrey V.
name: Antropov, Vladimir P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore an opportunity to induce and control tetragonal distortion in materials. The idea involves formation of a binary alloy from parent compounds having body-centered and face-centered symmetries. The concept is illustrated in the case of FeNi$_{1-x}$Co$_x$ magnetic alloy formed by substitutional doping of the L1$_0$ FeNi magnet with Co. Using electronic structure calculations we demonstrate that the tetragonal strain in this system can be controlled by concentration and it reaches maximum for $x=0.5$. This finding is then applied to create a large magnetocrystalline anisotropy (MAE) in FeNi$_{1-x}$Co$_x$ system by considering an interplay of the tetragonal distortion with electronic concentration and chemical anisotropy. In particular, we identify a new ordered FeNi$_{0.5}$Co$_{0.5}$ system with MAE larger by a factor 4.5 from the L1$_0$ FeNi magnet.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
Bacelarella Berland & Millot 1941
Creators: name: Rollard, Christine
name: Wesołowska, Wanda
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2002
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Salticidae
Bacelarella

description: Genus Bacelarella Berland & Millot, 1941
 Bacelarella fradei Berland & Millot, 1941 (Fig. 2)
 Bacelarella fradei Berland & Millot, 1941: 390. — Prószyński 1987: 4.
MATERIAL EXAMINED. — Road to Pierré Richaud, 850 m a.s.l., savanna near woodland, 20.X.1956, leg. M. Lamotte, 1.
DISTRIBUTION. — This species was described from western Africa (Ivory Coast and Guinea).
DESCRIPTION
Male. Measurements: carapace length 3.1, width 2.2, height 1.6. Abdomen length 2.7, width 1.8. Eye field length 1.4, anterior width 2.0, posterior width 1.9. Medium sized spider. Carapace high, eye field occupies almost half of carapace length. Coloration of carapace brown, eyes surrounded black. Prostrate short brown hairs cover whole carapace, but hairs denser on ocular area, long bristles near eyes. White hairs surround anterior median eyes and form small patch on eye field, behind these eyes. Clypeus clothed in white hairs. Chelicerae brown, with big retromarginal tooth and two promarginal teeth (Fig. 2A). Labium and maxillae brown with pale tips, sternum yellow. Abdomen oval, slightly narrower posteriorly. Coloration of abdomen brownish-orange, with traces of darker pattern, only anterior edge of abdomen dark brown, clothed in brown hairs. Sides of abdomen whitish. Venter yellowish-grey. Spinnerets yellowish. Legs light brown, their hairs and spines brown. Pedipalps brown. Cymbium rather narrow (Fig. 2D), with process on promargin at its base (Fig. 2E). Embolus very long, encircles bulbus more than once, with large pars pendula (Fig. 2B). Bulbus rounded, with large strongly sclerotized tegular apophysis. Tegular apophysis forms bicuspid crest (Fig. 2B, C). Palpal tibia short, with single pointed apophysis (Fig. 2D, E).
description: Published as part of Rollard, Christine & Wesołowska, Wanda, 2002, Jumping spiders (Arachnida, Araneae, Salticidae) from the Nimba Mountains in Guinea, pp. 283-307 in Zoosystema 24 (2) on page 286, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5394616
Variable Thermal Emission from Aql X-1 in Quiescence
Creators: name: Rutledge, Robert E.
name: Bildsten, Lars
name: Brown, Edward F.
name: Pavlov, George G.
name: Zavlin, Vyacheslav E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We obtained four Chandra/ACIS-S observations beginning two weeks after the end of the November 2000 outburst of the neutron star (NS) transient Aql X-1. Over the five month span in quiescence, the X-ray spectra are consistent with thermal emission from a NS with a pure hydrogen photosphere and R_{\infty}=15.9+{0.8}-{2.9} (d/5 kpc) km at the optically implied X-ray column density. We also detect a hard power-law tail during two of the four observations. The intensity of Aql X-1 first decreased by 50+/-4% over three months, then increased by 35+/-5% in one month, and then remained constant (<6% change) over the last month. These variations in the first two observations cannot be explained by a change in the power-law spectral component, nor in the X-ray column density. Presuming that R_{\infty} is not variable and a pure hydrogen atmosphere, the long-term changes can only be explained by variations in the NS effective temperature, from kT_{eff, \infty}=130+3-5 eV, down to 113+3-4 eV, finally increasing to 118+9-4 eV for the final two observations. During one of these observations, we observe two phenomena which were previously suggested as indicators of quiescent accretion onto the NS: short-timescale (<1e4 sec) variability (at 32+8-6% rms), and a possible absorption feature near 0.5 keV. The possible absorption feature can potentially be explained as due to a time-variable response in the ACIS detector. Even so, such a feature has not been detected previously from a NS, and if confirmed and identified, can be exploited for simultaneous measurements of the photospheric redshift and NS radius.
description: Accepted, ApJ. 9 Figures
Complex crowns of Riemannian symmetric spaces and non-compactly causal symmetric spaces
Creators: name: Gindikin, Simon
name: Kroetz, Bernhard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 22E10, 22E15, 32M15

description: In this paper we define a distinguished boundary for the complex crowns $Ξ\subeq G_\C /K_\C$ of non-compact Riemannian symmetric spaces $G/K$. The basic result is that affine symmetric spaces of $G$ can appear as a component of this boundary if and only if they are non-compactly causal symmetric spaces.
description: 29 pages
Steady Bell state generation via magnon-photon coupling
Creators: name: Yuan, H. Y.
name: Yan, Peng
name: Zheng, Shasha
name: He, Q. Y.
name: Xia, Ke
name: Yung, Man-Hong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that parity-time ($\mathcal{PT}$) symmetry can be spontaneously broken in the recently reported energy level attraction of magnons and cavity photons. In the $\mathcal{PT}$-broken phase, magnon and photon form a high-fidelity Bell state with maximum entanglement. This entanglement is steady and robust against the perturbation of environment, in contrast to the general wisdom that expects instability of the hybridized state when the symmetry is broken. This anomaly is further understood by the compete of non-Hermitian evolution and particle number conservation of the hybridized system. As a comparison, neither $\mathcal{PT}$-symmetry broken nor steady magnon-photon entanglement is observed inside the normal level repulsion case. Our results may open a novel window to utilize magnon-photon entanglement as a resource for quantum technologies.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
It takes two planets in resonance to tango around K2-146
Creators: name: Lam, Kristine W. F.
name: Korth, Judith
name: Masuda, Kento
name: Csizmadia, Szilárd
name: Eigmüller, Philipp
name: Stefánsson, Guðmundur Kári
name: Endl, Michael
name: Albrecht, Simon
name: Luque, Rafael
name: Livingston, John H.
name: Hirano, Teruyuki
name: Sobrino, Roi Alonso
name: Barragán, Oscar
name: Cabrera, Juan
name: Carleo, Ilaria
name: Chaushev, Alexander
name: Cochran, William D.
name: Dai, Fei
name: de Leon, Jerome
name: Deeg, Hans J.
name: Erikson, Anders
name: Esposito, Massimiliano
name: Fridlund, Malcolm
name: Fukui, Akihiko
name: Gandolfi, Davide
name: Georgieva, Iskra
name: Cuesta, Lucá Gonzalez
name: Grziwa, Sascha
name: Guenther, Eike W.
name: Hatzes, Artie P.
name: Hidalgo, Diego
name: Hjorth, Maria
name: Kabath, Petr
name: Knudstrup, Emil
name: Lund, Mikkel N.
name: Mahadevan, Suvrath
name: Mathur, Savita
name: Rodríguez, Pilar Montañes
name: Murgas, Felipe
name: Narita, Norio
name: Nespral, David
name: Niraula, Prajwal
name: Palle, Enric
name: Pätzold, Martin
name: Persson, Carina M.
name: Prieto-Arranz, Jorge
name: Rauer, Heike
name: Redfield, Seth
name: Ribas, Ignasi
name: Robertson, Paul
name: Skarka, Marek
name: Smith, Alexis M. S.
name: Subjak, Jan
name: Van Eylen, Vincent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: K2-146 is a cool, 0.358 M_sun dwarf that was found to host a mini-Neptune with a 2.67-days period. The planet exhibited strong transit timing variations (TTVs) of greater than 30 minutes, indicative of the presence of a further object in the system. Here we report the discovery of the previously undetected outer planet, K2-146 c, in the system using additional photometric data. K2-146 c was found to have a grazing transit geometry and a 3.97-day period. The outer planet was only significantly detected in the latter K2 campaigns presumably because of precession of its orbital plane. The TTVs of K2-146 b and c were measured using observations spanning a baseline of almost 1200 days. We found strong anti-correlation in the TTVs, suggesting the two planets are gravitationally interacting. Our TTV and transit model analyses revealed that K2-146 b has a radius of 2.25 $\pm$ 0.10 \R_earth and a mass of 5.6 $\pm$ 0.7 M_earth, whereas K2-146 c has a radius of $2.59_{-0.39}^{+1.81}$ R_earth and a mass of 7.1 $\pm$ 0.9 M_earth. The inner and outer planets likely have moderate eccentricities of $e = 0.14 \pm 0.07$ and $0.16 \pm 0.07$, respectively. Long-term numerical integrations of the two-planet orbital solution show that it can be dynamically stable for at least 2 Myr. The evaluation of the resonance angles of the planet pair indicates that K2-146 b and c are likely trapped in a 3:2 mean motion resonance. The orbital architecture of the system points to a possible convergent migration origin.
description: 19 pages with 13 figures and 4 tables; Submitted
title: Evaluating Contextualized Code Search in Practical User Studies
Creators: name: Villmow, Johannes
name: Ulges, Adrian
name: Schwanecke, Ulrich
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Contextualized Code Search
subject: Code Retrieval
subject: User Studies
subject: Self-supervised Learning

description: Contextualized Code Search (CCS) aims to retrieve relevant code snippets that complement the developer’s current editor context. In contrast to AI-based code generation, it offers the key benefit that the source of the retrieved code is made transparent, allowing for a safe re-use of code within companies. Recently, self-supervised training for CCS has been shown to be effective. Evidence for this, however, focuses on ranking quality on research datasets. It remains unclear whether – and if yes, by how far – CCS can help improve the efficiency of real-world users. To fill this gap, we have integrated a recent CCS model into an IDE. We describe specialized robustness-oriented enhancements to the training to improve usability. We then evaluate the model in two practical user studies: In Study A, we measure efficiency improvements of fourth semester computer science students on simple algorithm exercises. In Study B, we allow a professional software development team to use the tool in their everyday work. Their company consists of several – more or less independent – teams that work on the same product, which might find code of other teams helpful. We demonstrate improvements by the proposed search, discuss use cases for the tool, and point out challenges and directions for future research (such as the combination with code generation in retrieval augmented generation).