cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A New Toolbox for Scheduling Theory
Creators: name: Scully, Ziv
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 10404 Probability Theory
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 10206 Operations Research
subject: 10406 Stochastic Analysis and Modelling

description: Queueing delays are ubiquitous in many domains, including computer systems, service systems, communication networks, supply chains, and transportation. Queueing and scheduling theory provide a rigorous basis for understanding how to reduce delays with scheduling, including evaluating policy performance and guiding policy design. Unfortunately, state-of-the-art theory fails to address many practical concerns. For example, scheduling theory seldom treats nontrivial preemption limitations, and there is very little theory for scheduling in multiserver queues.
 We present two new, broadly applicable tools that greatly expand the reach of scheduling theory, using each to solve multiple open problems. The first tool, called “SOAP”, is a new unifying theory of scheduling in single-server queues, specifically the M/G/1 model. SOAP characterizes the delay distribution of a broad space of policies, most of which have never been analyzed before. Such policies include the Gittins index policy, which minimizes mean delay in low-information settings, and many policies with preemption limitations. The second tool, called “WINE”, is a new queueing identity that complements Little’s law. WINE enables a new method of analyzing complex queueing systems by relating them to simpler systems. This results in the first delay bounds for SRPT (shortest remaining processing time) and the Gittins index policy in multiserver queues, specifically the M/G/k model.
A reflection model with a radial disk density profile
Creators: name: Abdikamalov, Askar B.
name: Ayzenberg, Dimitry
name: Bambi, Cosimo
name: Liu, Honghui
name: Tripathi, Ashutosh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we present RELXILLDGRAD_NK, a relativistic reflection model in which the electron density of the accretion disk is allowed to have a radial power-law profile. The ionization parameter has also a non-constant radial profile and is calculated self-consistently from the electron density and the emissivity. We show the impact of the implementation of the electron density gradient in our model by analyzing a NuSTAR spectrum of the Galactic black hole in EXO 1846-031 during its last outburst in 2019 and a putative future observation of the same source with Athena and eXTP. For the NuSTAR spectrum, we find that the new model provides a better fit, but there is no significant difference in the estimation of the model parameters. For the Athena+eXTP simulation, we find that a model without a disk density profile is unsuitable to test the spacetime metric around the compact object, in the sense that modeling uncertainties can incorrectly lead to finding a non-vanishing deformation from the Kerr solution.
description: 11 pages, 9 figures. v2: refereed version
ENHANCING CUSTOMS OPERATIONS THROUGH INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY ADOPTION: A CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF E-CUSTOMS INITIATIVES IN NIGERIA
Creators: name: Titus, Omajali
name: Dike, Harcourt Whyte
name: Nduka, N.  Nwankpa
Publisher: name: noland journals
Year: 2025
Subjects: Enhancing, Customs, Operations, Information And Communication Technology, Adoption, Critical Analysis, E-Customs, Initiatives, Nigeria

description: The study evaluates the enhancing customs operations through information and communication technology adoption using a critical analysis of e-customs initiatives in Nigeria. The study raised three objectives which are; assess specific e-customs initiatives adopted by the Nigerian Customs Service; identify the challenges hindering effective utilization of ICT and e-customs initiatives within the Nigeria Customs Service. The study was anchored on two theories which are; Diffusion of Innovation Theory and Institutional Theory.  The study adopted survey research design. The population of the study comprises various stakeholders directly involved in customs operations and the implementation of E-Customs initiatives in Nigeria. This includes customs officials from different sectors in Nigeria who according to the Permanent Secretary, Ministry of Finance, have a population of about 19,300 officers and men, 2 government stakeholders from Ministry of Interior, 2 Clearing and Forwarding agents in Apapa, 2 Business people engaged in international trade, and 2 technology experts. Therefore, the total population for this study will be 9,308. From all the clusters mentioned. Taro Yamane sample size determination formula was used to arrive at a sample size of 400. Purposive sampling technique was used to administered the instrument to the respondents. Weighted Mean Score (Four Point Likert Scale) was used to analyses the data. The findings of the study revealed that the integration of ICT into customs operations has been aimed at improving efficiency, transparency, and reducing clearance time for goods, as highlighted in both quantitative and qualitative data. The findings of the study revealed the challenges encompass infrastructural issues, personnel-related constraints, and organizational factors that hinder the full potential of ICT solutions in customs operations. The study concluded that the need to enhance customs operations through ICT adoption is imperative for fostering efficient, transparent, and secure international trade. This study provided a nuanced understanding of the factors influencing the successful integration of e-customs initiatives in customs operations in Nigeria, ultimately offering insights that can inform policy decisions and practical implementations
IT2CFNN: An Interval Type-2 Correlation-Aware Fuzzy Neural Network to Construct Non-Separable Fuzzy Rules with Uncertain and Adaptive Shapes for Nonlinear Function Approximation
Creators: name: Salimi-Badr, Armin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, a new interval type-2 fuzzy neural network able to construct non-separable fuzzy rules with adaptive shapes is introduced. To reflect the uncertainty, the shape of fuzzy sets considered to be uncertain. Therefore, a new form of interval type-2 fuzzy sets based on a general Gaussian model able to construct different shapes (including triangular, bell-shaped, trapezoidal) is proposed. To consider the interactions among input variables, input vectors are transformed to new feature spaces with uncorrelated variables proper for defining each fuzzy rule. Next, the new features are fed to a fuzzification layer using proposed interval type-2 fuzzy sets with adaptive shape. Consequently, interval type-2 non-separable fuzzy rules with proper shapes, considering the local interactions of variables and the uncertainty are formed. For type reduction the contribution of the upper and lower firing strengths of each fuzzy rule are adaptively selected separately. To train different parameters of the network, the Levenberg-Marquadt optimization method is utilized. The performance of the proposed method is investigated on clean and noisy datasets to show the ability to consider the uncertainty. Moreover, the proposed paradigm, is successfully applied to real-world time-series predictions, regression problems, and nonlinear system identification. According to the experimental results, the performance of our proposed model outperforms other methods with a more parsimonious structure.
Влияние экзогенного мелатонина на накопление сахара в корнеплодах Beta vulgaris L.
Creators: name: Р.В. Усачёва
name: Л.Н. Путилина
Publisher: name: Сахар
Year: 2023
Subjects: сахарная свёкла
in vitro
мелатонин
микроклоны
тепличные условия
содержание сахара
концентрации.
sugar beet
melatonin
microclones
greenhouse conditions
sugar content
concentrations.

description: Проведён анализ влияния мелатонина на увеличение уровня сахаров в корнеплодах сахарной свёклы. Выявлено, что мелатонин в концентрации 1000 мкМ через опосредованные молекулярные механизмы способствует увеличению содержания сахара в корнеплодах сахарной свёклы. Изучение механизма действия мелатонина на углеводный обмен важно для управления процессом накопления сахаров.
description: An analysis of the effect of melatonin on increasing the level of sugars in sugar beet roots was carried out. It was found that melatonin at a concentration of 1000 μM, through indirect molecular mechanisms, helps to increase the sugar content in sugar beet roots. The mechanism of action of melatonin on carbohydrate metabolism is being studied in order to control the process of sugar accumulation.
Additional file 2 of Developing a tool for the measurement of social exclusion in healthcare settings
Creators: name: O’Donnell, Patrick
name: Hannigan, Ailish
name: Ibrahim, Nuha
name: O’Donovan, Diarmuid
name: Elmusharaf, Khalifa
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2. EFA detail.
Новые представления о восприятии сладкого вкуса
Creators: name: Н.М. Подгорнова
name: С.М. Петров
Publisher: name: Сахар
Year: 2023
Subjects: сахар
сладкий вкус
экспрессия рецепторов сладкого вкуса
альтернативный путь восприятия сахара
подсластители
sugar
sweet taste
expression of sweet taste receptors
alternative pathway for sugar perception
sweeteners

description: Обсуждаются факты, подтверждающие существование независимого от канонического рецептора сладкого вкуса альтернативного пути для восприятия сахара и гомеостаза глюкозы. Экспрессия рецепторов сладкого вкуса обнаружена в различных органах человека: в желудочно-кишечном тракте, в поджелудочной железе, в дыхательных путях, печени, сердце, мочевом пузыре, скелетных мышцах и жировой ткани. Это указывает на то, что сладкие соединения и другие аллостерические модуляторы по связыванию димерных T1R2/T1R3 и гомомерных T1R3 вкусовых клеток рецепторов могут вызывать потенциальные риски для здоровья из-за несоответствующих метаболических эффектов: стимулирование высвобождения гормонов кишечника или поджелудочной железы, изменение всасывания глюкозы или модуляция иммунных реакций. В отличие от натуральных сахаров некалорийные подсластители, вызывающие, как правило, нарушение обмена веществ, увеличивают вероятность риска алиментарных заболеваний, таких как ожирение и диабет 2-го типа.
description: The facts confirming the existence of an alternative pathway for the perception of sugar and glucose homeostasis, independent of the canonical sweet taste receptor, are discussed. Expression of sweet taste receptors has been found in various human organs: the gastrointestinal tract, pancreas, respiratory tract, liver, heart, bladder, skeletal muscle and adipose tissue. This indicates that sweet compounds and other allosteric modulators of dimeric T1R2/T1R3 and homomeric T1R3 taste receptor binding may cause potential health risks due to inappropriate metabolic effects: stimulation of gut or pancreatic hormone release, alteration of glucose absorption or modulation immune reactions. Unlike natural sugars, non-nutritive sweeteners, which tend to cause metabolic disorders, increase the risk of nutritional diseases such as obesity and type 2 diabetes. Keywords: sugar, sweet taste, expression of sweet taste receptors, alternative pathway
Продуктивность современных гибридов сахарной свёклы отечественной селекции
Creators: name: О.А. Минакова
name: В.М. Вилков
name: Л.В. Александрова
Publisher: name: Сахар
Year: 2023
Subjects: сахарная свёкла
отечественные гибриды
импортозамещение
урожайность
структура урожая
дозы удобрений.
sugar beet
domestic hybrids
import substitution
yield
yield structure
doses of fertilizers.

description: Система удобрения N135P135K135 + 25 т/га навоза обеспечивала урожайность корнеплодов и сбор сахара у отечественных гибридов РМС 127 и РМС 121 на уровне 48,1–53,2 и 8,23–8,99 т/га соответственно, а N120P120K120+ + 50 т/га навоза – у РМС 120 (56,5 и 9,27 т/га соответственно). Последний был также наиболее отзывчив на внесение удобрений. В большинстве вариантов опыта гибрид РМС 127 обеспечивал максимально высокий уровень урожайности, РМС 121 – сахаристости.
description: The fertilizing system of N135P135K135 + 25 t/ha of manure provided beet root yield and sugar yield per 1 ha of the domestic hybrids, RMS 127 and RMS 121, at the level of 48.1–53.2 and 8.23–8.99 t/ha, accordingly. The system of N120P120K120 + 50 of manure had alike effect on the RMS 120 (56.5 and 9.27 t/ha, accordingly). The latter was also the most responsive to application of fertilizers. In majority of variants, the hybrid of RMS 127 provided the highest yield level, and RMS 121 showed the greatest sugar content.
Crystal structure prediction of materials with high symmetry using differential evolution
Creators: name: Yang, Wenhui
name: Siriwardane, Edirisuriya M. Dilanga
name: Dong, Rongzhi
name: Li, Yuxin
name: Hu, Jianjun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Crystal structure determines properties of materials. With the crystal structure of a chemical substance, many physical and chemical properties can be predicted by first-principles calculations or machine learning models. Since it is relatively easy to generate a hypothetical chemically valid formula, crystal structure prediction becomes an important method for discovering new materials. In our previous work, we proposed a contact map-based crystal structure prediction method, which uses global optimization algorithms such as genetic algorithms to maximize the match between the contact map of the predicted structure and the contact map of the real crystal structure to search for the coordinates at the Wyckoff Positions(WP). However, when predicting the crystal structure with high symmetry, we found that the global optimization algorithm has difficulty to find an effective combination of WPs that satisfies the chemical formula, which is mainly caused by the inconsistency between the dimensionality of the contact map of the predicted crystal structure and the dimensionality of the contact map of the target crystal structure. This makes it challenging to predict the crystal structures of high-symmetry crystals. In order to solve this problem, here we propose to use PyXtal to generate and filter random crystal structures with given symmetry constraints based on the information such as chemical formulas and space groups. With contact map as the optimization goal, we use differential evolution algorithms to search for non-special coordinates at the Wyckoff positions to realize the structure prediction of high-symmetry crystal materials. Our experimental results show that our proposed algorithm CMCrystalHS can effectively solve the problem of inconsistent contact map dimensions and predict the crystal structures with high symmetry.
description: 12 pages
Роль побочной продукции свеклосахарного производства в углеводном питании животных
Creators: name: Н.П. Буряков
Publisher: name: Сахар
Year: 2023
Subjects: жом
клетчатка
меласса
патока
пектин
структурные углеводы
неструктурные углеводы
нейтрально-детергентная клетчатка
кислотно-детергентная клетчатка
летучие жирные кислоты.
cake
fiber
molasses
pectin
structural carbohydrates
non-structural carbohydrates
neutral-detergent fiber
acid-detergent fiber
volatile fatty acids.

description: В данной статье рассматривается значение углеводов и их роль в метаболизме жвачных животных, химический состав углеводов кормовых средств и их функции. Подробно прослеживается взаимосвязь усвоения углеводов и клетчатки в зависимости от вида корма. Представлены фракции структурных и неструктурных углеводов и их роль в обеспечении организма животных энергией. Приведены особенности химического состава свекловичного жома свежего, сухого, прессованного, силосованного, аммонизированного, патоки кормовой (мелассы) и других кормовых средств, а также нормы скармливания жвачным животным отходов свеклосахарного производства.
description: This article deals with the importance of carbohydrates and their role in ruminant metabolism, chemical composition of carbohydrates in feedstuffs and their functions. The relationship of carbohydrate and fiber assimilation depending on the type of feed is considered in detail. Fractions of structural and non-structural carbohydrates and their role in providing the animal organism with energy are considered. Features of the chemical composition of beet pulp fresh, dry, pressed, silage, ammoniumized, forage molasses (molasses) and other feedstuffs, as well as the norms of feeding beet sugar production wastes to ruminants are given.
Resilience of Well-structured Graph Transformation Systems
Creators: name: Özkan, Okan
name: Würdemann, Nick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: Formal Languages and Automata Theory (cs.FL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Resilience is a concept of rising interest in computer science and software engineering. For systems in which correctness w.r.t. a safety condition is unachievable, fast recovery is demanded. We investigate resilience problems of graph transformation systems. Our main contribution is the decidability of two resilience problems for well-structured graph transformation systems (with strong compatibility). We prove our results in the abstract framework of well-structured transition systems and apply them to graph transformation systems, incorporating also the concept of adverse conditions.
description: In Proceedings GCM 2021, arXiv:2112.10217
Di case, lingue e finestre: Ida Kaminska, attrice yiddish
Creators: name: Randone, Giulia
Publisher: name: Università degli  Studi di Milano
Year: 2015
Subjects: Ida Kaminska, teatro yiddish, cinema, storia dell’attore, identità, alterità

description: This paper aims to explore the artistic biography of Ida Kaminska – the leading figure of the Yiddish theatre in Poland in the 20th century – proposing a new metaphor for the theatrical experience of the Ashkenazi Jews and a different use of the audio-visual sources. First, I will explain why we can look at the Yiddish theatre as a house (heym) with a lot of windows, then I will examine Kaminska’s performance in three different films – On a heym (Without a Home, 1939), Obchod na korze (The Shop on Main Street, 1965) and The Angel Levine (1970) – through this peculiar metaphor. Even if they are not recordings of the theatrical performance, these documents could help us to understand some of the features of Kaminska’s art (i.e., the focus on identity, otherness and Yiddish language) and how they changed after the Holocaust.
description: Altre Modernità, 2015: NUMERO SPECIALE Finestre: sguardi e riflessi, trasparenze e opacità
The FourStar Infrared Camera
Creators: name: Persson, S. E.
name: Barkhouser, Robert
name: Birk, Christoph
name: Hammond, Randy
name: Harding, Albert
name: Koch, E. R.
name: Marshall, J. L.
name: McCarthy, Patrick J.
name: Murphy, David
name: Orndorff, Joe
name: Scharfstein, Gregg
name: Shectman, Stephen A.
name: Smee, Stephen
name: Uomoto, Alan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The FourStar infrared camera is a 1.0-2.5 micron (JHKs) near infrared camera for the Magellan Baade 6.5m telescope at Las Campanas Observatory (Chile). It is being built by Carnegie Observatories and the Instrument Development Group at Johns Hopkins and is scheduled for completion in 2009. The instrument uses four Teledyne HAWAII-2RG arrays that produce a 10.9 x 10.9 arcmin field of view. The outstanding seeing at the Las Campanas site coupled with FourStar's high sensitivity and large field of view will enable many new survey and targeted science programs.
description: 10 pages, 10 figures. To appear in to appear in "Ground-based and Airborne Instrumentation for Astronomy II" SPIE conference Proc. 7014, Marseille, 23-28 June 2008
Additional file 1 of Anticancer potential of Phoenix dactylifera L. seed extract in human cancer cells and pro-apoptotic effects mediated through caspase-3 dependent pathway in human breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells: an in vitro and in silico investigation
Creators: name: Khan, Mohsin Ali
name: Singh, Romila
name: Siddiqui, Sahabjada
name: Ahmad, Imran
name: Ahmad, Rumana
name: Upadhyay, Shivbrat
name: Barkat, Md. Abul
name: Ali, Ahmed Mahmoud Abdelhaleem
name: Zia, Qamar
name: Srivastava, Aditi
name: Trivedi, Anchal
name: Husain, Ishrat
name: Srivastava, Anand Narain
name: Mishra, Durga Prasad
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Figure S1. Full-length blots from different gels showing the expression levels of p53, Bax, Bcl2, cleaved Caspase-3, and PARP-1 cleavage. Proteins p53, Bcl2, cleaved Caspase-3 and one of the β-actin proteins were cropped from different parts of the same blot, while Bax, PARP-1 cleavage and other β-actin proteins were cropped from different blots.
Teletechnology signals: a theoretical construct
Creators: name: Martell, Dorthy Julia C.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This analytical study describes, in a general way, via a select literature overview, the historical development of distant communications technology and information (computer) technology; and presents a theoretical construct for TELETECHNOLOGY signals and their manipulation. The visual, sound and binary signalling elements constitute and modulate the interactions of the radiant energy activity within the abstract influx model and relate these to the actual ethnotechnological world. A purview of representative technological terms is broached; implications for the use and management of communications and information technologies are presented; a measurement instrument framework is depicted; and a possible new world view is proposed.
Searching for axionlike particles with low masses in $pPb$ and $PbPb$ collisions
Creators: name: Goncalves, V. P.
name: Martins, D. E.
name: Rangel, M. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The production of axionlike particles (ALPs) with small masses in ultraperipheral $Pb - p$ and $Pb - Pb$ collisions at the LHC is investigated. The cross section and kinematical distributions associated to the diphoton final state produced in the $γγ\rightarrow a \rightarrow γγ$ subprocesses are estimated considering a realistic set of kinematical cuts. A detailed analysis of the backgrounds is performed and the expected sensitivity to the ALP production is derived. Our results demonstrate that a future experimental analysis of the exclusive diphoton production for the forward rapidities probed by the LHCb detector can improve the existing exclusion limits on the ALP - photon coupling in the mass range 2 GeV $\le m_a \le$ 5 GeV.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, 2 tables
NET4Age-Friendly - Evaluation and Business Models on SHAFE
Creators: name: Dantas, Carina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: This document offers a suite of evaluation instruments and insights into the business models for advancing the SHAFE implementation and the development of Smart Healthy Age-Friendly Environments (SHAFE) ecosystems. The purpose of this deliverable is to provide a way of understanding that innovation is to be embedded also in the evaluation and business models in order to advance technological innovation, the change needed in the health and care systems and in the age of urban environments.

There is evidence of significant progress having been made in creating a functioning and successful SHAFE environment. However, this growth is limited by legislative complexities, country differences, and not having a set of toolboxes for conducting proper evaluations of the country/regional SHAFE ecosystems, innovation programs and impacts. Removing the limiting factors would increase the attractiveness of SHAFE for decision makers, thus creating a more resilient milieu for SHAFE promotion.

The study opens with three key areas of instruments necessary to develop the sustainability of SHAFE:

a) For evaluating the SHAFE ecosystem implementation

b) For evaluating the effectiveness of the innovative programs

c) For Social, Economic and Environmental impacts of SHAFE.

Business Models in SHAFE for integrated health and care and for the new assistive technologies are presented. The conclusions section refers to business models and policy and funding recommendations that are relevant for offering the sustainability of the SHAFE ecosystems.
Additional file 3 of Developing a tool for the measurement of social exclusion in healthcare settings
Creators: name: O’Donnell, Patrick
name: Hannigan, Ailish
name: Ibrahim, Nuha
name: O’Donovan, Diarmuid
name: Elmusharaf, Khalifa
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 3. Inter-item correlations (n=276).
Supplementary information from SARS-CoV-2 transmission and control in a hospital setting: an individual-based modelling study
Creators: name: Huang, Qimin
name: Mondal, Anirban
name: Jiang, Xiaobing
name: Horn, Mary Ann
name: Fan, Fei
name: Fu, Peng
name: Wang, Xuan
name: Zhao, Hongyang
name: Ndeffo-Mbah, Martial
name: Gurarie, David
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021

description: Development of strategies for mitigating the severity of COVID-19 is now a top public health priority. We sought to assess strategies for mitigating the COVID-19 outbreak in a hospital setting via the use of non-pharmaceutical interventions. We developed an individual-based model for COVID-19 transmission in a hospital setting. We calibrated the model using data of a COVID-19 outbreak in a hospital unit in Wuhan. The calibrated model was used to simulate different intervention scenarios and estimate the impact of different interventions on outbreak size and workday loss. The use of high-efficacy facial masks was shown to be able to reduce infection cases and workday loss by 80% (90% credible interval (CrI): 73.1–85.7%) and 87% (CrI: 80.0–92.5%), respectively. The use of social distancing alone, through reduced contacts between healthcare workers, had a marginal impact on the outbreak. Our results also indicated that a quarantine policy should be coupled with other interventions to achieve its effect. The effectiveness of all these interventions was shown to increase with their early implementation. Our analysis shows that a COVID-19 outbreak in a hospital's non-COVID-19 unit can be controlled or mitigated by the use of existing non-pharmaceutical measures.
A history of aesthetic education in the visual arts from 1872 to 1945 in British Columbia
Creators: name: Miller, Michael Douglas
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The search for the, presence of aesthetic education in the visual arts and its connection to history in the formative part of British Columbia's development, up to 1945, was the intent of this study. I propose that aesthetic education has been present in the public schools of British Columbia through most of the time span of this study. The time span 1872 to 1945 was chosen as a logical time frame for the study; the inception of the public school system to its total reorganization, both physically and financially, following the Cameron report (1945). A thorough review of the documents written by the Department of Education; Annual Reports of the Public Schools, Curricula for Public Schools, Programmes of Studies, and surveys were all read for traces, snippets, innuendos, and allusions to, the subject of this study. Loral and general histories as well as histories of education were read in search of connecting webs of commonality. International and intercontinental "movements" in the visual arts were examined to see any connection with the development of aesthetic education in the visual arts in British Columbia. The unstable economy of British Columbia, based as it is on primary resource extraction and international markets, has had Its effect on the development of British Columbia and its public schools. Being a geographically convoluted region with isolated pockets of population, ease of transportation between points in British Columbia has also shown its influence on the educational system. The Department of Education was aware of international movements in aesthetic education in the visual arts, but the finances of the Individual 649 active school districts varied from a few wealthy city districts to hundreds of impoverished rural districts. The type of teacher training also played a major part in the growth of aesthetic education. On paper then it seemed as though the pupils of British Columbia's Public Schools were receiving a contemporary aesthetic education, but in fact this idea was only a dream in many areas of British Columbia.
Free-carrier-induced nonlinear dynamics in hybrid graphene-based photonic waveguides
Creators: name: Sahoo, Ambaresh
name: Marini, Andrea
name: Roy, Samudra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop from first principles a theoretical model for infrared pulse propagation in graphene-covered hybrid waveguides. We model electron dynamics in graphene by Bloch equations, enabling the derivation of the nonlinear conductivity and of a rate equation accounting for free-carrier generation. Radiation propagation is modeled through a generalized nonlinear Schrödinger equation for the field envelope coupled with the rate equation accounting for the generation of free carriers in graphene. Our numerical simulations clearly indicate that unperturbed Kerr solitons accelerate due to the carrier-induced index change and experience a strong self-induced spectral blueshift. Our numerical results are fully explained by semianalytical predictions based on soliton perturbation theory.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures, Typo error in the value of $e_0$ in page-3 subsection-B has been rectified in version 3 of the manuscript
Instabilities in liquid crystal elastomers
Creators: name: Mihai, L. Angela
name: Goriely, Alain
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 74B20, 76A15

description: Stability is an important and fruitful avenue of research for liquid crystal elastomers. At constant temperature, upon stretching, the homogeneous state of a nematic body becomes unstable, and alternating shear stripes develop at very low stress. Moreover, these materials can experience classical mechanical effects, such as necking, void nucleation and cavitation, and inflation instability, which are inherited from their polymeric network. We investigate the following two problems: First, how do instabilities in nematic bodies change from those found in purely elastic solids? Second, how are these phenomena modified if the material constants fluctuate? To answer these questions, we present a systematic study of instabilities occurring in nematic liquid crystal elastomers, and examine the contribution of the nematic component and of fluctuating model parameters that follow probability laws. This combined analysis may lead to more realistic estimations of subsequent mechanical damage in nematic solid materials.
A short comparison between m_T2 and m_CT
Creators: name: Serna, Mario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compare m_T2 with m_CT; both are kinematic variables designed to find relationships between masses of pair-produced new states with symmetric decay chains. We find that for massless visible particles m_CT equals m_T2 in a particular limit. We identify advantages and disadvantages to the use of each variable. Tovey's paper on m_CT also introduced a powerful concept of extracting mass information from an analysis at intermediate stages of a symmetric decay chain. We suggest that m_T2 is a better tool for performing this analysis than m_CT due to m_T2's better properties under initial state radiation.
description: 6 pages 2 figures, JHEP Style, minor clarifications and corrected typos
0 from SARS-CoV-2 transmission and control in a hospital setting: an individual-based modelling study
Creators: name: Huang, Qimin
name: Mondal, Anirban
name: Jiang, Xiaobing
name: Horn, Mary Ann
name: Fan, Fei
name: Fu, Peng
name: Wang, Xuan
name: Zhao, Hongyang
name: Ndeffo-Mbah, Martial
name: Gurarie, David
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021

description: Development of strategies for mitigating the severity of COVID-19 is now a top public health priority. We sought to assess strategies for mitigating the COVID-19 outbreak in a hospital setting via the use of non-pharmaceutical interventions. We developed an individual-based model for COVID-19 transmission in a hospital setting. We calibrated the model using data of a COVID-19 outbreak in a hospital unit in Wuhan. The calibrated model was used to simulate different intervention scenarios and estimate the impact of different interventions on outbreak size and workday loss. The use of high-efficacy facial masks was shown to be able to reduce infection cases and workday loss by 80% (90% credible interval (CrI): 73.1–85.7%) and 87% (CrI: 80.0–92.5%), respectively. The use of social distancing alone, through reduced contacts between healthcare workers, had a marginal impact on the outbreak. Our results also indicated that a quarantine policy should be coupled with other interventions to achieve its effect. The effectiveness of all these interventions was shown to increase with their early implementation. Our analysis shows that a COVID-19 outbreak in a hospital's non-COVID-19 unit can be controlled or mitigated by the use of existing non-pharmaceutical measures.
Ductilizing Al-Mn strips via gradient texture
Creators: name: Kuang, Jie
name: Zhao, Xiaolong
name: Du, Xinpeng
name: Zhang, Jinyu
name: Liu, Gang
name: Sun, Jun
name: Xu, Guangming
name: Wang, Zhaodong
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Space Science
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Improved strength-ductility synergy is not uncommon among metallic materials with gradient structures of grains and twins. In this work, we report that the texture gradient innately created in Al-Mn strips by twin-roll casting is also capable of increasing the material’s ductility without sacrificing its strength. Analyses based on crystal plasticity theory demonstrated that the underlying mechanism of this texture-gradient-induced ductility enhancement lies in the orientation-dependent slip and grain rotation, which generate backstress, alter the local stress triaxiality, and delay the fracture process. These results advocate the integration of texture gradient design into the fabrication of high-performance gradient materials. This work demonstrates for the first time that gradient texture could ductilize Al strips. It provides a new pathway — texture gradient design — to the fabrication of advanced structural materials.
Overdensity of VVV galaxies behind the Galactic bulge
Creators: name: Galdeano, Daniela
name: Pereyra, Luis
name: Duplancic, Fernanda
name: Coldwell, Georgina
name: Alonso, Sol
name: Ruiz, Andrés N.
name: Cora, Sofía A.
name: Perez, Noelia
name: Vega-Martínez, Cristian
name: Minniti, Dante
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We studied a region of 1.636 square degrees corresponding to the VVV tile $b204$. Using SExtractor, we analysed photometric data generating a catalogue of extended sources in this area. In order to confirm these sources as galaxy candidates we visually inspected RGB images looking for typical galaxy features. Using 2MASX and GCMW catalogued sources we tested completeness and contamination of our catalogue and define suitable colour cuts to select galaxies. We also compared the observational results with those obtained from two semi-analytical models on Dark Matter simulations. One galaxy catalogue was constructed with the SAG semi-analytic model of galaxy formation, and the other one was constructed with the L-Galaxies semi-analytic model.By adopting CLASS-STAR$< 0.5$, $r_{1/2} > 0.7$ arcsec and specific colour cuts (J-Ks$>$0.97, J-H$>$0 and H-Ks$>$0) we generated an automatic catalogue of extended sources. After visual inspection we identified 624 sources with 10$
Constraints on axionic fuzzy dark matter from light bending and Shapiro time delay
Creators: name: Poddar, Tanmay Kumar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ultralight axion like particles (ALPs) of mass $m_a\in (10^{-21}\rm{eV}-10^{-22}\rm{eV})$ with axion decay constant $f_a\sim 10^{17}\rm{GeV}$ can be candidates for fuzzy dark matter (FDM). If celestial bodies like Earth and Sun are immersed in a low mass axionic FDM potential and if the ALPs have coupling with nucleons then the coherent oscillation of the axionic field results a long range axion hair outside of the celestial bodies. The range of the axion mediated Yukawa type fifth force is determined by the distance between the Earth and the Sun which fixes the upper bound of the mass of axion as $m_a\lesssim10^{-18}\rm{eV}$. The long range axionic Yukawa potential between the Earth and Sun changes the gravitational potential between them and contribute to the light bending and the Shapiro time delay. From the observational uncertainties of those experiments, we put an upper bound on the axion decay constant as $f_a\lesssim 9.85\times 10^{6}\rm{GeV}$, which is the stronger bound obtained from Shapiro time delay. This implies if ALPs are FDM, then they do not couple to nucleons.
description: 22 pages, 6 figures, 1 table, comments are welcome
Reasoning on Multi-Relational Contextual Hierarchies via Answer Set Programming with Algebraic Measures
Creators: name: Bozzato, Loris
name: Eiter, Thomas
name: Kiesel, Rafael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.4; F.4.1

description: Dealing with context dependent knowledge has led to different formalizations of the notion of context. Among them is the Contextualized Knowledge Repository (CKR) framework, which is rooted in description logics but links on the reasoning side strongly to logic programs and Answer Set Programming (ASP) in particular. The CKR framework caters for reasoning with defeasible axioms and exceptions in contexts, which was extended to knowledge inheritance across contexts in a coverage (specificity) hierarchy. However, the approach supports only this single type of contextual relation and the reasoning procedures work only for restricted hierarchies, due to non-trivial issues with model preference under exceptions. In this paper, we overcome these limitations and present a generalization of CKR hierarchies to multiple contextual relations, along with their interpretation of defeasible axioms and preference. To support reasoning, we use ASP with algebraic measures, which is a recent extension of ASP with weighted formulas over semirings that allows one to associate quantities with interpretations depending on the truth values of propositional atoms. Notably, we show that for a relevant fragment of CKR hierarchies with multiple contextual relations, query answering can be realized with the popular asprin framework. The algebraic measures approach is more powerful and enables e.g. reasoning with epistemic queries over CKRs, which opens interesting perspectives for the use of quantitative ASP extensions in other applications.
description: Paper presented at the 37th International Conference on Logic Programming (ICLP 2021). 32 pages, 17 pages are appendix. (v2 updates: updated acknowledgements, added journal reference and DOI)
Any Axion Insulator Must be a Bulk Three-Dimensional Topological Insulator
Creators: name: Fijalkowski, K. M.
name: Liu, N.
name: Hartl, M.
name: Winnerlein, M.
name: Mandal, P.
name: Coschizza, A.
name: Fothergill, A.
name: Grauer, S.
name: Schreyeck, S.
name: Brunner, K.
name: Greiter, M.
name: Thomale, R.
name: Gould, C.
name: Molenkamp, L. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In recent attempts to observe axion electrodynamics, much effort has focused on trilayer heterostructures of magnetic topological insulators, and in particular on the examination of a so-called zero Hall plateau, which has misguidedly been overstated as direct evidence of an axion insulator state. We investigate the general notion of axion insulators, which by definition must contain a nontrivial volume to host the axion term. We conduct a detailed magneto-transport analysis of Chern insulators comprised of a single magnetic topological insulator layer of varying thickness as well as trilayer structures, for samples optimized to yield a perfectly quantized anomalous Hall effect. Our analysis gives evidence for a topological magneto-electric effect quantized in units of e$^2$/2h, allowing us to identify signatures of axion electrodynamics. Our observations may provide direct experimental access to electrodynamic properties of the universe beyond the traditional Maxwell equations, and challenge the hitherto proclaimed exclusive link between the observation of a zero Hall plateau and an axion insulator.
Additional file 1 of Do the implementation processes of a school-based daily physical activity (DPA) program vary according to the socioeconomic context of the schools? a realist evaluation of the Active at school program
Creators: name: Gosselin, Véronique
name: Laberge, Suzanne
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Additional file 1. List of items to be included when reporting realist evaluations (Wong et al., 2016)
Additional file 2 of Anticancer potential of Phoenix dactylifera L. seed extract in human cancer cells and pro-apoptotic effects mediated through caspase-3 dependent pathway in human breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells: an in vitro and in silico investigation
Creators: name: Khan, Mohsin Ali
name: Singh, Romila
name: Siddiqui, Sahabjada
name: Ahmad, Imran
name: Ahmad, Rumana
name: Upadhyay, Shivbrat
name: Barkat, Md. Abul
name: Ali, Ahmed Mahmoud Abdelhaleem
name: Zia, Qamar
name: Srivastava, Aditi
name: Trivedi, Anchal
name: Husain, Ishrat
name: Srivastava, Anand Narain
name: Mishra, Durga Prasad
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 2: Table S1. PASS analysis. Table S2. Drug-like character. Table S3. Admet SAR prediction. Table S4. Bioactivity scores. Table S5. Toxicity Risk Assessment.
Where are the degrees of freedom responsible for black hole entropy?
Creators: name: Das, Saurya
name: Shankaranarayanan, S.
name: Sur, Sourav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Considering the entanglement between quantum field degrees of freedom inside and outside the horizon as a plausible source of black hole entropy, we address the question: {\it where are the degrees of freedom that give rise to this entropy located?} When the field is in ground state, the black hole area law is obeyed and the degrees of freedom near the horizon contribute most to the entropy. However, for excited state, or a superposition of ground state and excited state, power-law corrections to the area law are obtained, and more significant contributions from the degrees of freedom far from the horizon are shown.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, Invited talk at Theory Canada III, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, June 16, 2007
Contest based on a directed polymer in a random medium
Creators: name: Sire, Clément
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a simple one-parameter game derived from a model describing the properties of a directed polymer in a random medium. At his turn, each of the two players picks a move among two alternatives in order to maximize his final score, and minimize opponent's return. For a game of length $n$, we find that the probability distribution of the final score $S_n$ develops a traveling wave form, ${\rm Prob}(S_n=m)=f(m-v n)$, with the wave profile $f(z)$ unusually decaying as a double exponential for large positive and negative $z$. In addition, as the only parameter in the game is varied, we find a transition where one player is able to get his maximum theoretical score. By extending this model, we suggest that the front velocity $v$ is selected by the nonlinear marginal stability mechanism arising in some traveling wave problems for which the profile decays exponentially, and for which standard traveling wave theory applies.
Impact of Softness of Particles on Rheology of Dilute Granular Gases
Creators: name: Ishikawa, Haruto
name: Takada, Satoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We numerically and theoretically investigate how the softness of particles affects the rheology of sheared dilute granular gases. We find that the kinetic theory predicts the deviation of the flow curve from the Bagnold scaling, and it works well below a certain shear rate when we compare with the simulation results. It is also found that there is no theoretical solution above this shear rate, which is because the energy loss due to inelastic collisions cannot be balanced with the energy injection by the shear.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, 1 table