Tonsilla rutunda Zhang & Irfan & Wang & Zhang 2022, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Zhang, Meng
name: Irfan, Muhammad
name: Wang, Lu-Yu
name: Zhang, Zhi-Sheng
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Agelenidae
Tonsilla
Tonsilla rutunda

description: Tonsilla rutunda sp. nov.
Figures 4A–E, 9E–F, 10
Type material. Holotype ♂: CHINA, Guizhou Province, Rongjiang County, Jihua Township, Jihua Mountain, 25.69671667°N, 108.31598333°E, 1431 m, 21.IX.2014, T. Lu & H.M. Chen leg. (SWUC-T-AG-51-01); Paratypes: 1 ♂ and 2 ♀, same data as holotype (SWUC-T-AG-51-02~04).
Etymology. The specific epithet derived from the Latin “ rutundus ” refers to the distal margin of conductor apex round; adjective.
Diagnosis. The male of this new species resembles T. subtruculenta sp. nov. and T. truculenta (Zhu et al. 2017) in having a similar tegular sclerite and tibial apophysis of male palp, but can be distinguished by the following characters: patellar apophysis curved, overlapping the ventral margin of the tibia in retrolateral view in T. rutunda sp. nov. (Fig. 4B, C), vs. orientated parallel to the tibial base in T. subtruculenta sp. nov. (Fig. 6B, C) and oblique, extending above the tibia in T. truculenta (Zhu et al. 2017, fig. 361E). Conductor longer than wide, apex somewhat round in ventral view in T. rutunda sp. nov. (Fig. 4B), vs. bifurcated in T. subtruculenta sp. nov. (Fig. 6B) and thumb-shaped in T. truculenta (Zhu et al. 2017, fig. 361E). Proximal margin of median apophysis relatively round in retrolateral view in T. rutunda sp. nov. (Fig. 4B, C), vs. longer than wide in both T. subtruculenta sp. nov. (Fig. 6B, C) and T. truculenta (Zhu et al. 2017, fig. 361E). Conductor’s dorsal apophysis rod-like situated below the conductor in retrolateral view in T. rutunda sp. nov. (Fig. 4B, C), vs. curved clockwise and situated above the conductor in both T. subtruculenta sp. nov. (Fig. 6B, C) and T. truculenta (Zhu et al. 2017, fig. 361E). The female of T. rutunda sp. nov. can be distinguished from all congeners by the atrial ridges posteriorly with round projections; atrial margin outline inverted T-shaped; copulatory ducts sheet-like situated in between spermathecae posteriorly; spermathecae oval situated dorso-laterally in epigyne (Fig. 4D, E).
Description. Male (holotype, Fig. 9E). Total length 12.73. Carapace 7.30 long, 4.57 wide; opisthosoma 5.24 long, 3.35 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.25, ALE 0.32, PME 0.27, PLE 0.30; AME–AME 0.15, AME– ALE 0.10, PME–PME 0.17, PME–PLE 0.27, ALE–PLE 0.11. MOA 0.74 long, front width 0.56, back width 0.71. Clypeus height 0.35. Leg measurements: I 19.11 (5.21, 6.19, 4.70, 3.01); II 16.77 (4.56, 5.14, 4.23, 2.84); III 15.23 (4.10, 4.66, 4.10, 2.37); IV 20.15 (5.37, 6.19, 5.66, 2.95). Spination of legs: femur I 220, II 230, III 140, IV 230; patella I-II 000, III-IV 020; tibia I 006, II 026, III-IV 046; metatarsus I 066, II 006, III 076, IV 0188.
Palp (Fig. 4A–C). Patella almost equal to the length of patellar apophysis; patellar apophysis long, slightly curved, extending above the tibia in retrolateral view. Retrolateral and lateral tibial apophysis distinct and with blunt end. Cymbium approximately 3 times longer than wide; cymbial furrow extensively sclerotized, 1/3 of the cymbium length. Median apophysis spoon-like, proximal margin round. Conductor apex with two arms; upper arm short slightly curved with serrated end; lower arm longer than wide, ventrally grooved provided with sharp tooth, distal margin round extending forward. Conductor’s dorsal apophysis rod-like, with pointed end. Conductor lamella distinct. Embolus filiform, originating at the 6:30 o’clock position.
Female (one of the paratypes, Fig. 9F). Total length 13.20. Carapace 6.08 long, 3.76 wide; opisthosoma 6.86 long, 4.51 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.18, ALE 0.29, PME 0.25, PLE 0.27; AME–AME 0.12, AME– ALE 0.11, PME–PME 0.12, PME–PLE 0.28, ALE–PLE 0.09. MOA 0.62 long, front width 0.48, back width 0.63. Clypeus height 0.20. Leg measurements: I 13.57 (3.79, 4.64, 2.96, 2.18); II 12.22 (3.54, 3.96, 2.83, 1.89); III 10.91 (3.10, 3.34, 2.74, 1.73); IV 15.04 (4.06, 4.83, 4.02, 2.13). Spination of legs: femur I 220, II 230, III 140, IV 320; patella I-II 000, III 020, IV 040; tibia I 016, II 026, III 046, IV 048; metatarsus I 046, II 026, III 086, IV 0106.
Epigyne (Fig. 4D, E). Epigynal plate almost round, teeth situated anteriorly.Atrial ridges with round projections posteriorly. Epigynal hoods indistinct, located ventro-mesally.Atrium margin outline inverted T-shaped. Copulatory opening situated posteriorly under the atrial ridges projections. Copulatory ducts sheet-like situated in between spermathecae. Spermathecae oval situated dorso-laterally, separated by a distance slightly more than of their length.
Distribution. China (Guizhou) (Fig. 10).
description: Published as part of Zhang, Meng, Irfan, Muhammad, Wang, Lu-Yu & Zhang, Zhi-Sheng, 2022, Six new species of Tonsilla Wang & Yin, 1992 (Araneae: Agelenidae) from southern China, with the first description of the male of T. yanlingensis (Zhang, Yin & Kim, 2000), pp. 357-372 in Zootaxa 5091 (2) on page 362, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5091.2.7, http://zenodo.org/record/5843784