cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A novel approach to measuring the scope of patent claims based on probabilities obtained from (large) language models
Creators: name: Ragot, Sébastien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: I.2.m; G.3
subject: 62P99, 60E05

description: This work proposes to measure the scope of a patent claim as the reciprocal of self-information contained in this claim. Self-information is calculated based on a probability of occurrence of the claim, where this probability is obtained from a language model. Grounded in information theory, this approach is based on the assumption that an unlikely concept is more informative than a usual concept, insofar as it is more surprising. In turn, the more surprising the information required to define the claim, the narrower its scope. Seven language models are considered, ranging from simplest models (each word or character has an identical probability) to intermediate models (based on average word or character frequencies), to large language models (LLMs) such as GPT2 and davinci-002. Remarkably, when using the simplest language models to compute the probabilities, the scope becomes proportional to the reciprocal of the number of words or characters involved in the claim, a metric already used in previous works. Application is made to multiple series of patent claims directed to distinct inventions, where each series consists of claims devised to have a gradually decreasing scope. The performance of the language models is then assessed through several ad hoc tests. The LLMs outperform models based on word and character frequencies, which themselves outdo the simplest models based on word or character counts. Interestingly, however, the character count appears to be a more reliable indicator than the word count.
description: 58 pages, 6 tables, 6 figures. Substantial changes made to version 2: New section 4.1 added (including a new table); Minor normalization issue corrected in values listed in Appendix B; Content of former appendix C now moved to Section 3; and new Appendix C added. Minor changes made to version 3 (style, typos, language). New calculations entered in version 4 (based on davinci-002 and babgage-002)
Evidential Deep Learning: Enhancing Predictive Uncertainty Estimation for Earth System Science Applications
Creators: name: Schreck, John S.
name: Gagne, David John
name: Becker, Charlie
name: Chapman, William E.
name: Elmore, Kim
name: Fan, Da
name: Gantos, Gabrielle
name: Kim, Eliot
name: Kimpara, Dhamma
name: Martin, Thomas
name: Molina, Maria J.
name: Pryzbylo, Vanessa M.
name: Radford, Jacob
name: Saavedra, Belen
name: Willson, Justin
name: Wirz, Christopher
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Robust quantification of predictive uncertainty is critical for understanding factors that drive weather and climate outcomes. Ensembles provide predictive uncertainty estimates and can be decomposed physically, but both physics and machine learning ensembles are computationally expensive. Parametric deep learning can estimate uncertainty with one model by predicting the parameters of a probability distribution but do not account for epistemic uncertainty.. Evidential deep learning, a technique that extends parametric deep learning to higher-order distributions, can account for both aleatoric and epistemic uncertainty with one model. This study compares the uncertainty derived from evidential neural networks to those obtained from ensembles. Through applications of classification of winter precipitation type and regression of surface layer fluxes, we show evidential deep learning models attaining predictive accuracy rivaling standard methods, while robustly quantifying both sources of uncertainty. We evaluate the uncertainty in terms of how well the predictions are calibrated and how well the uncertainty correlates with prediction error. Analyses of uncertainty in the context of the inputs reveal sensitivities to underlying meteorological processes, facilitating interpretation of the models. The conceptual simplicity, interpretability, and computational efficiency of evidential neural networks make them highly extensible, offering a promising approach for reliable and practical uncertainty quantification in Earth system science modeling. In order to encourage broader adoption of evidential deep learning in Earth System Science, we have developed a new Python package, MILES-GUESS (https://github.com/ai2es/miles-guess), that enables users to train and evaluate both evidential and ensemble deep learning.
Extending multivariate sub-quasi-copulas
Creators: name: Bukovšek, Damjana Kokol
name: Košir, Tomaž
name: Mojškerc, Blaž
name: Omladič, Matjaž
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary: 62H05. Secondary: 26B35

description: In this paper, we introduce patchwork constructions for multivariate quasi-copulas. These results appear to be new since the kind of approach has been limited to either copulas or only bivariate quasi-copulas so far. It seems that the multivariate case is much more involved since we are able to prove that some of the known methods of bivariate constructions cannot be extended to higher dimensions. Our main result is to present the necessary and sufficient conditions both on the patch and the values of it for the desired multivariate quasi-copula to exist. We also give all possible solutions.
description: 10 pages
The impact of social noise on the majority rule model across various network topologies
Creators: name: Muslim, Roni
name: Mulya, Didi Ahmad
name: Akbar, Zulkaida
name: NQZ, Rinto Anugraha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the impact of social noise, characterized by nonconformist behavior, on the phase transition within the framework of the majority rule model. The order-disorder transition can reflect the consensus-polarization state in a social context. This study covers various network topologies, including complete graphs, two-dimensional (2-D) square lattices, three-dimensional (3-D) square lattices, and heterogeneous or complex networks such as Watts-Strogatz (W-S), Barabási-Albert (B-A), and Erdős-Rényi (E-R) networks, as well as their combinations (multilayer network). Social behavior is represented by the parameter \( p \), which indicates the probability of agents exhibiting nonconformist behavior. Our results show that the model exhibits a continuous phase transition across all networks. Through finite-size scaling analysis and evaluation of critical exponents, our results suggest that the model falls into the same universality class as the Ising model.
description: 14 pages, 17 figures
Estimation of Models with Limited Data by Leveraging Shared Structure
Creators: name: Rui, Maryann
name: Horel, Thibaut
name: Dahleh, Munther
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Modern data sets, such as those in healthcare and e-commerce, are often derived from many individuals or systems but have insufficient data from each source alone to separately estimate individual, often high-dimensional, model parameters. If there is shared structure among systems however, it may be possible to leverage data from other systems to help estimate individual parameters, which could otherwise be non-identifiable. In this paper, we assume systems share a latent low-dimensional parameter space and propose a method for recovering $d$-dimensional parameters for $N$ different linear systems, even when there are only $T
description: Accepted to IEEE Conference on Decision and Control (CDC) 2023
Complexity and order in approximate quantum error-correcting codes
Creators: name: Yi, Jinmin
name: Ye, Weicheng
name: Gottesman, Daniel
name: Liu, Zi-Wen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We establish rigorous connections between quantum circuit complexity and approximate quantum error correction (AQEC) capability, two properties of fundamental importance to the physics and practical use of quantum many-body systems, covering systems with both all-to-all connectivity and geometric scenarios like lattice systems in finite spatial dimensions. To this end, we introduce a type of code parameter that we call subsystem variance, which is closely related to the optimal AQEC precision. Our key finding is that, for a code encoding $k$ logical qubits in $n$ physical qubits, if the subsystem variance is below an $O(k/n)$ threshold, then any state in the code subspace must obey certain circuit complexity lower bounds, which identify nontrivial "phases" of codes. Based on our results, we propose $O(k/n)$ as a boundary between subspaces that should and should not count as AQEC codes. This theory of AQEC provides a versatile framework for understanding quantum complexity and order in many-body quantum systems, generating new insights for wide-ranging physical scenarios, in particular topological order and critical quantum systems which are of outstanding importance in many-body and high energy physics. We observe from various different perspectives that roughly $O(1/n)$ represents a common, physically significant "scaling threshold" of subsystem variance for features associated with nontrivial quantum order.
description: 30 pages, 2 figures. Compared to published version: similar content, slightly different organization and presentation
Well/Ill-posedness of the Boltzmann Equation with Soft Potential
Creators: name: Chen, Xuwen
name: Shen, Shunlin
name: Zhang, Zhifei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the Boltzmann equation with the soft potential and angular cutoff. Inspired by the methods from dispersive PDEs, we establish its sharp local well-posedness and ill-posedness in $H^{s}$ Sobolev space. We find the well/ill-posedness separation at regularity $s=\frac{d-1}{2}$, strictly $\frac{1}{2}$-derivative higher than the scaling-invariant index $s=\frac{d-2}{2}$, the usually expected separation point.
Betweenness isomorphism classes of circles with finitely many points inside
Creators: name: Doležal, Martin
name: Kolář, Jan
name: Morawiec, Janusz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 52C45 (Primary), 03E20, 51M04, 14L30 (Secondary)

description: We give a necessary and sufficient condition for two circles, each with finitely many points added inside, to be betweenness isomorphic. We fully characterize the betweenness isomorphism classes in the family consisting of all circles with three collinear points inside.
description: 20 pages
Stochastic Super-resolution of Cosmological Simulations with Denoising Diffusion Models
Creators: name: Schanz, Andreas
name: List, Florian
name: Hahn, Oliver
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In recent years, deep learning models have been successfully employed for augmenting low-resolution cosmological simulations with small-scale information, a task known as "super-resolution". So far, these cosmological super-resolution models have relied on generative adversarial networks (GANs), which can achieve highly realistic results, but suffer from various shortcomings (e.g. low sample diversity). We introduce denoising diffusion models as a powerful generative model for super-resolving cosmic large-scale structure predictions (as a first proof-of-concept in two dimensions). To obtain accurate results down to small scales, we develop a new "filter-boosted" training approach that redistributes the importance of different scales in the pixel-wise training objective. We demonstrate that our model not only produces convincing super-resolution images and power spectra consistent at the percent level, but is also able to reproduce the diversity of small-scale features consistent with a given low-resolution simulation. This enables uncertainty quantification for the generated small-scale features, which is critical for the usefulness of such super-resolution models as a viable surrogate model for cosmic structure formation.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures, to be submitted to OJA, comments welcome
Precision-Machine Learning for the Matrix Element Method
Creators: name: Heimel, Theo
name: Huetsch, Nathan
name: Winterhalder, Ramon
name: Plehn, Tilman
name: Butter, Anja
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The matrix element method is the LHC inference method of choice for limited statistics. We present a dedicated machine learning framework, based on efficient phase-space integration, a learned acceptance and transfer function. It is based on a choice of INN and diffusion networks, and a transformer to solve jet combinatorics. We showcase this setup for the CP-phase of the top Yukawa coupling in associated Higgs and single-top production.
description: 26 pages, 12 figures, v2: update references, v3: include evaluation on Herwig
Emergence of noise-induced barren plateaus in arbitrary layered noise models
Creators: name: Schumann, Marco
name: Wilhelm, Frank K.
name: Ciani, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In variational quantum algorithms the parameters of a parameterized quantum circuit are optimized in order to minimize a cost function that encodes the solution of the problem. The barren plateau phenomenon manifests as an exponentially vanishing dependence of the cost function with respect to the variational parameters, and thus hampers the optimization process. We discuss how, and in which sense, the phenomenon of noise-induced barren plateaus emerges in parameterized quantum circuits with a layered noise model. Previous results have shown the existence of noise-induced barren plateaus in the presence of local Pauli noise [arXiv:2007.14384]. We extend these results analytically to arbitrary completely-positive trace preserving maps in two cases: 1) when a parameter-shift rule holds, 2) when the parameterized quantum circuit at each layer forms a unitary $2$-design. The second example shows how highly expressive unitaries give rise not only to standard barren plateaus [arXiv:1803.11173], but also to noise-induced ones. In the second part of the paper, we study numerically the emergence of noise-induced barren plateaus in QAOA circuits focusing on the case of MaxCut problems on $d$-regular graphs and amplitude damping noise.
description: 46 pages, 11 Figures, We give additional numerical results for the decay of the average purity in QAOA circuits under amplitude damping noise
Additional file 1 of Current state, equality level and trends of self-rated health among old adults with intact physical condition
Creators: name: Ren, Weicun
name: Tarimo, Clifford Silver
name: Liang, Zhang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Science Policy

description: Additional file 1.
Atomic-Scale Terahertz Near Fields for Ultrafast Tunnelling Spectroscopy
Creators: name: Jelic, Vedran
name: Adams, Stefanie
name: Hassan, Mohamed
name: Cleland-Host, Kaedon
name: Ammerman, S. Eve
name: Cocker, Tyler L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Lightwave-driven terahertz scanning tunnelling microscopy (THz-STM) is capable of exploring ultrafast dynamics across a wide range of materials with angstrom resolution. In contrast to scanning near-field optical microscopy, where photons scattered by the tip apex are analyzed to access the local dielectric function on the nanoscale, THz-STM uses a strong-field single-cycle terahertz pulse to drive an ultrafast current across a tunnel junction, thereby probing the local density of electronic states. Yet, the terahertz field in a THz-STM junction may also be spectrally modified by the electromagnetic response of the sample. Here, we demonstrate a reliable and self-consistent approach for terahertz near-field waveform acquisition in an atomic tunnel junction that can be generally applied to electrically conductive surfaces. By combining waveform sampling and tailoring with terahertz scanning tunnelling spectroscopy (THz-STS), we comprehensively characterize the tunnel junction and distinguish local sample properties from effects due to terahertz pulse coupling and field enhancement. Through modelling, we verify the presence of an isolated unipolar terahertz-induced current pulse, facilitating straightforward interpretation for differential THz-STS with high spectral resolution. Finally, we demonstrate the feasibility of atomic-scale terahertz time-domain spectroscopy via the extremely localized near-fields in the tunnel junction.
Supplemental Material, Permission+to+reproduce+D+Renn - Using the Importance for Survival Scale to Identify Preferred Nature Scenes With Restorative Potential: A Qualitative Study
Creators: name: Thake, Carol L.
name: Bambling, Matthew
name: Edirippulige, Sisira
name: Marx, Eric
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 111799 Public Health and Health Services not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Supplemental Material, Permission+to+reproduce+D+Renn for Using the Importance for Survival Scale to Identify Preferred Nature Scenes With Restorative Potential: A Qualitative Study by Carol L. Thake, Matthew Bambling, Sisira Edirippulige and Eric Marx in HERD: Health Environments Research & Design Journal
Hierarchical assembly is more robust than egalitarian assembly in synthetic capsids
Creators: name: Wei, Wei-Shao
name: Trubiano, Anthony
name: Sigl, Christian
name: Paquay, Stefan
name: Dietz, Hendrik
name: Hagan, Michael F.
name: Fraden, Seth
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Self-assembly of complex and functional materials remains a grand challenge in soft material science. Efficient assembly depends on a delicate balance between thermodynamic and kinetic effects, requiring fine-tuning affinities and concentrations of subunits. By contrast, we introduce an assembly paradigm that allows large error-tolerance in the subunit affinity and helps avoid kinetic traps. Our combined experimental and computational approach uses a model system of triangular subunits programmed to assemble into T=3 icosahedral capsids comprising 60 units. The experimental platform uses DNA origami to create monodisperse colloids whose 3D geometry is controlled to nanometer precision, with two distinct bonds whose affinities are controlled to kBT precision, quantified in situ by static light scattering. The computational model uses a coarse-grained representation of subunits, short-ranged potentials, and Langevin dynamics. Experimental observations and modeling reveal that when the bond affinities are unequal, two distinct hierarchical assembly pathways occur, in which the subunits first form dimers in one case, and pentamers in another. These hierarchical pathways produce complete capsids faster and are more robust against affinity variation than egalitarian pathways, in which all binding sites have equal strengths. This finding suggests that hierarchical assembly may be a general engineering principle for optimizing self-assembly of complex target structures.
Generic derivations on algebraically bounded structures
Creators: name: Antongiulio, Fornasiero
name: Giuseppina, Terzo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 03C60, 12H05, 12L12, 03C10

description: Let K be an algebraically bounded structure and T be its theory. If T is model complete, then the theory of K endowed with a derivation, denoted by $T^δ$, has a model completion. Additionally, we prove that if the theory T is stable/NIP then the model completion of $T^δ$ is also stable/NIP. Similar results hold for the theory with several derivations, either commuting or non-commuting.
description: Changes: Addded or updated the following references: [FT24] [LM16] [LT24], [JY23b] Corrected the text of Fact 2. Minor typos
Cosmological foundations revisited with Pantheon+
Creators: name: Lane, Zachary G.
name: Seifert, Antonia
name: Ridden-Harper, Ryan
name: Wiltshire, David L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We reanalyse the Pantheon+ supernova catalogue to compare a cosmology with non-FLRW evolution, the timescape cosmology, with the standard $Λ$CDM cosmology. To this end, we analyse the Pantheon+ for a geometric comparison between the two models. We construct a covariance matrix to be as independent of cosmology as possible, including independence from the FLRW geometry and peculiar velocity with respect to FLRW average evolution. This framework goes far beyond most other definitions of model independence. We introduce new statistics to refine Type Ia supernova (SNe Ia) light-curve analysis. In addition to conventional galaxy correlation functions used to define the scale of statistical homogeneity we introduce empirical statistics which enables refined analysis of the distribution biases of SNe Ia light-curve parameters $βc$ and $αx_1$. For lower redshifts, the Bayesian analysis highlights important features attributable to the increased number of low-redshift supernovae, the artefacts of model-dependent light-curve fitting and the cosmic structure through which we observe supernovae. This indicates the need for cosmology-independent data reduction to conduct a stronger investigation of the emergence of statistical homogeneity and to compare alternative cosmologies in light of recent challenges to the standard model. Dark energy is generally invoked as a place-holder for new physics. For the first time, we find evidence that the timescape cosmology may provide a better overall fit than $Λ$CDM and that its phenomenology may help disentangle other astrophysical puzzles. Our from-first-principles reanalysis of Pantheon+ supports future deeper studies between the interplay of matter and nonlinear spacetime geometry in a data-driven setting.
description: 26 pages, 15 figures, 3 tables; v2: additional analyses performed, agrees with final version in MNRAS
Supplemental Material, Response_to_Reviewer_3_16.10.19 - Using the Importance for Survival Scale to Identify Preferred Nature Scenes With Restorative Potential: A Qualitative Study
Creators: name: Thake, Carol L.
name: Bambling, Matthew
name: Edirippulige, Sisira
name: Marx, Eric
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 111799 Public Health and Health Services not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Supplemental Material, Response_to_Reviewer_3_16.10.19 for Using the Importance for Survival Scale to Identify Preferred Nature Scenes With Restorative Potential: A Qualitative Study by Carol L. Thake, Matthew Bambling, Sisira Edirippulige and Eric Marx in HERD: Health Environments Research & Design Journal
Appendix_ – Supplemental material for Cognitively Challenging Agility Boot Camp Program for Freezing of Gait in Parkinson Disease
Creators: name: King, Laurie A.
name: Mancini, Martina
name: Smulders, Katrijn
name: Harker, Graham
name: Lapidus, Jodi A.
name: Ramsey, Katrina
name: Carlson-Kuhta, Patricia
name: Fling, Brett W.
name: Nutt, John G.
name: Peterson, Daniel S.
name: Horak, Fay B.
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 110308 Geriatrics and Gerontology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 110904 Neurology and Neuromuscular Diseases
subject: Neuroscience

description: Supplemental material, Appendix_ for Cognitively Challenging Agility Boot Camp Program for Freezing of Gait in Parkinson Disease by Laurie A. King, Martina Mancini, Katrijn Smulders, Graham Harker, Jodi A. Lapidus, Katrina Ramsey, Patricia Carlson-Kuhta, Brett W. Fling, John G. Nutt, Daniel S. Peterson and Fay B. Horak in Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair
Supplemental Material, SOM_final_r1_blinded - Health Adversity and Value Change
Creators: name: Bleidorn, Wiebke
name: Schwaba, Ted
name: Hopwood, Christopher J.
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 170199 Psychology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Supplemental Material, SOM_final_r1_blinded for Health Adversity and Value Change by Wiebke Bleidorn, Ted Schwaba and Christopher J. Hopwood in Social Psychological and Personality Science
Two-zero textures for Dirac Neutrinos
Creators: name: Lenis, Yessica
name: Martinez-Ramirez, R.
name: Peinado, Eduardo
name: Ponce, William A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review the two-zero mass matrix textures approach for Dirac neutrinos with the most recent global fit in the oscillation parameters. We found that three of the 15 possible textures are compatible with current experimental data, while the remaining two-zero textures are ruled out. Two textures are consistent with the neutrino masses' normal hierarchy and are CP-conserving. At the same time, the other one is compatible with both mass orderings and allows for CP violation. We also present the correlations between the oscillation parameters for the allowed two-zero textures.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures, published version
Non-Virialized Axion Search Sensitive to Doppler Effects in the Milky Way Halo
Creators: name: Bartram, C.
name: Braine, T.
name: Cervantes, R.
name: Crisosto, N.
name: Du, N.
name: Goodman, C.
name: Guzzetti, M.
name: Hanretty, C.
name: Lee, S.
name: Leum, G.
name: Rosenberg, L. J.
name: Rybka, G.
name: Sinnis, J.
name: Zhang, D.
name: Awida, M. H.
name: Bowring, D.
name: Chou, A. S.
name: Hollister, M.
name: Knirck, S.
name: Sonnenschein, A.
name: Wester, W.
name: Khatiwada, R.
name: Brodsky, J.
name: Carosi, G.
name: Duffy, L. D.
name: Goryachev, M.
name: McAllister, B.
name: Quiskamp, A.
name: Thomson, C.
name: Tobar, M. E.
name: Boutan, C.
name: Jones, M.
name: LaRoque, B. H.
name: Lentz, E.
name: Man, N. E.
name: Oblath, N. S.
name: Taubman, M. S.
name: Yang, J.
name: Clarke, John
name: Siddiqi, I.
name: Agrawal, A.
name: Dixit, A. V.
name: Gleason, J. R.
name: Han, Y.
name: Hipp, A. T.
name: Jois, S.
name: Sikivie, P.
name: Sullivan, N. S.
name: Tanner, D. B.
name: Daw, E. J.
name: Perry, M. G.
name: Buckley, J. H.
name: Gaikwad, C.
name: Hoffman, J.
name: Murch, K. W.
name: Russell, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Axion Dark Matter eXperiment (ADMX) has previously excluded Dine-Fischler-Srednicki-Zhitnisky (DFSZ) axions between 680-790 MHz under the assumption that the dark matter is described by the isothermal halo model. However, the precise nature of the velocity distribution of dark matter is still unknown, and alternative models have been proposed. We report the results of a non-virialized axion search over the mass range 2.81-3.31 μeV, corresponding to the frequency range 680-800 MHz. This analysis marks the most sensitive search for non-virialized axions sensitive to Doppler effects in the Milky Way Halo to date. Accounting for frequency shifts due to the detector's motion through the Galaxy, we exclude cold flow relic axions with a velocity dispersion of order 10^-7 c with 95% confidence.
Additional file 6 of Analysis of clinical features, genomic landscapes and survival outcomes in HER2-low breast cancer
Creators: name: Jin, Juan
name: Li, Bin
name: Cao, Jianing
name: Li, Ting
name: Zhang, Jian
name: Cao, Jun
name: Zhao, Mingchuan
name: Wang, Leiping
name: Wang, Biyun
name: Tao, Zhonghua
name: Hu, Xichun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 6: Table S6. Results from Cox Proportional Hazard Models for OS in HER2-low Breast Cancer.
Asymmetry activation and its relation to coherence under permutation operation
Creators: name: Hayashi, Masahito
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A Dicke state and its decohered state are invariant for permutation. However, when another qubits state to each of them is attached, the whole state is not invariant for permutation, and has a certain asymmetry for permutation. The amount of asymmetry can be measured by the number of distinguishable states under the group action or the mutual information. Generally, the amount of asymmetry of the whole state is larger than the amount of asymmetry of the added state. That is, the asymmetry activation happens in this case. This paper investigates the amount of the asymmetry activation under Dicke states. To address the asymmetry activation asymptotically, we introduce a new type of central limit theorem by using several formulas on hypergeometric functions. We reveal that the amounts of the asymmetry and the asymmetry activation with a Dicke state have a strictly larger order than those with the decohered state in a specific type of the limit.
description: The paper arXiv:2104.12635v1 was divided into three parts. This paper is an extended version of the third part of arXiv:2104.12635v1. The second part was posted as arXiv:2104.12635v2, and the first part was posted as arXiv:2311.09992. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2104.12635
Taking Complete Finite Prefixes To High Level, Symbolically
Creators: name: Würdemann, Nick
name: Chatain, Thomas
name: Haar, Stefan
name: Panneke, Lukas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Formal Languages and Automata Theory (cs.FL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.m

description: Unfoldings are a well known partial-order semantics of P/T Petri nets that can be applied to various model checking or verification problems. For high-level Petri nets, the so-called symbolic unfolding generalizes this notion. A complete finite prefix of a P/T Petri net's unfolding contains all information to verify, e.g., reachability of markings. We unite these two concepts and define complete finite prefixes of the symbolic unfolding of high-level Petri nets. For a class of safe high-level Petri nets, we generalize the well-known algorithm by Esparza et al. for constructing small such prefixes. We evaluate this extended algorithm through a prototype implementation on four novel benchmark families. Additionally, we identify a more general class of nets with infinitely many reachable markings, for which an approach with an adapted cut-off criterion extends the complete prefix methodology, in the sense that the original algorithm cannot be applied to the P/T net represented by a high-level net.
description: This is a revised and extended version of "Nick W\"urdemann, Thomas Chatain, Stefan Haar: Taking Complete Finite Prefixes to High Level, Symbolically. Petri Nets 2023: 123-144"
Additional file 9 of Analysis of clinical features, genomic landscapes and survival outcomes in HER2-low breast cancer
Creators: name: Jin, Juan
name: Li, Bin
name: Cao, Jianing
name: Li, Ting
name: Zhang, Jian
name: Cao, Jun
name: Zhao, Mingchuan
name: Wang, Leiping
name: Wang, Biyun
name: Tao, Zhonghua
name: Hu, Xichun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 9: Figure S3. Mutation Profiles across Different HER2 Statuses in TCGA and FUSCC database. A. The difference in the high gene mutation frequencies among HER2-positive, HER2-low and HER2-zero subtypes shown by forest plot in the FUSCC database. The y-axis reports the genes with high mutation frequencies, and the x-axis reports the log odds ratio with 95% CIs. < 0 represents more mutants in the left subtype, while > 0 represents more mutants in the right subtype. B. The difference in the high gene mutation frequencies among HER2-positive, HER2-low and HER2-zero subtypes shown by forest plot in the TCGA database. The the y-axis reports the genes with high mutation frequencies, and x-axis reports the log odds ratio with 95% CIs. < 0 represents more mutants in the left subtype, while > 0 represents more mutants in the right subtype. C. The mutation rates of PIK3CA, TP53, PTEN, RB1, BRCA1 and ESR1 according to HR and HER2 status in the TCGA cohort. The P value was calculated by Chi-square test or Fisher's exact test based on the number of cases per group featuring the presence or absence of the gene mutation. D.TMB stratified by HR and HER2 status from our NGS and TCGA cohorts. The P value was calculated by nonparametric tests.
DS_10.1177_0363546519851506 – Supplemental material for Analysis of Return to Sport and Weight Training After Repair of the Pectoralis Major Tendon
Creators: name: Liu, Joseph N.
name: Anirudh K. Gowd
name: Garcia, Grant H.
name: Manderle, Brandon J.
name: Beletsky, Alexander
name: Nicholson, Gregory P.
name: Forsythe, Brian
name: Romeo, Anthony A.
name: Verma, Nikhil N.
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 110314 Orthopaedics
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 110604 Sports Medicine
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110323 Surgery

description: Supplemental material, DS_10.1177_0363546519851506 for Analysis of Return to Sport and Weight Training After Repair of the Pectoralis Major Tendon by Joseph N. Liu, Anirudh K. Gowd, Grant H. Garcia, Brandon J. Manderle, Alexander Beletsky, Gregory P. Nicholson, Brian Forsythe, Anthony A. Romeo and Nikhil N. Verma in The American Journal of Sports Medicine
Maximal Elements of Quantum Communication
Creators: name: Heinosaari, Teiko
name: Kerppo, Oskari
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A prepare-and-measure scenario is naturally described by a communication matrix that collects all conditional outcome probabilities of the scenario into a row-stochastic matrix. The set of all possible communication matrices is partially ordered via the possibility to transform one matrix to another by pre- and post-processings. By considering maximal elements in this preorder for a subset of matrices implementable in a given theory, it becomes possible to identify communication matrices of maximum utility, i.e., matrices that are not majorized by any other matrices in the theory. The identity matrix of an appropriate size is the greatest element in classical theories, while the maximal elements in quantum theory have remained unknown. We completely characterize the maximal elements in quantum theory, thereby revealing the essential structure of the set of quantum communication matrices. In particular, we show that the identity matrix is the only maximal element in quantum theory but, as opposed to a classical theory, it is not the greatest element. Quantum theory can hence be seen to be distinct from classical theory by the existence of incompatible communication matrices.
description: 15 pages, 3 figures, accepted to Quantum on 25th October 2024
Robustness of quantum chaos and anomalous relaxation in open quantum circuits
Creators: name: Yoshimura, Takato
name: Sá, Lucas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dissipation is a ubiquitous phenomenon that affects the fate of chaotic quantum many-body dynamics. Here, we show that chaos can be robust against dissipation but can also assist and anomalously enhance relaxation. We compute exactly the dissipative form factor of a generic Floquet quantum circuit with arbitrary on-site dissipation modeled by quantum channels and find that, for long enough times, the system always relaxes with two distinctive regimes characterized by the presence or absence of gap-closing. While the system can sustain a robust ramp for a long (but finite) time interval in the gap-closing regime, relaxation is ``assisted'' by quantum chaos in the regime where the gap remains nonzero. In the latter regime, we prove that, if the thermodynamic limit is taken first, the gap does not close even in the dissipationless limit. We complement our analytical findings with numerical results for quantum qubit circuits.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures. v2: expanded discussion and numerical results. v3: additional discussion and numerics, version as published
On-sensor Printed Machine Learning Classification via Bespoke ADC and Decision Tree Co-Design
Creators: name: Armeniakos, Giorgos
name: Duarte, Paula L.
name: Pal, Priyanjana
name: Zervakis, Georgios
name: Tahoori, Mehdi B.
name: Soudris, Dimitrios
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Printed electronics (PE) technology provides cost-effective hardware with unmet customization, due to their low non-recurring engineering and fabrication costs. PE exhibit features such as flexibility, stretchability, porosity, and conformality, which make them a prominent candidate for enabling ubiquitous computing. Still, the large feature sizes in PE limit the realization of complex printed circuits, such as machine learning classifiers, especially when processing sensor inputs is necessary, mainly due to the costly analog-to-digital converters (ADCs). To this end, we propose the design of fully customized ADCs and present, for the first time, a co-design framework for generating bespoke Decision Tree classifiers. Our comprehensive evaluation shows that our co-design enables self-powered operation of on-sensor printed classifiers in all benchmark cases.
description: Accepted for publication at the 27th Design, Automation and Test in Europe Conference (DATE'24), Mar 25-27 2024, Valencia, Spain
Additional file 1 of Cancer functional states-based molecular subtypes of gastric cancer
Creators: name: Zhou, Qi
name: Yuan, Yiwu
name: Lu, Hao
name: Li, Xueqin
name: Liu, Ziyang
name: Gan, Jinheng
name: Yue, Zhenqi
name: Wu, Jiping
name: Sheng, Jie
name: Xin, Lin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. The sankey diagram of sample variation with 2, 3 and 4 cluster numbers. Figure S2. Comparison of KEGG pathways among three gastric cancer subtypes. Figure S3. Kaplan-Meier curves of OS in CESC, COAD, LUSC and THYM cohort between three subtypes. Figure S4. Kaplan-Meier curves of OS in ACC, BRCA, HNSC, KICH, KIRP, LGG, LIHC, LUAD, MESO, SARC and UCEC cohort between three subtypes.
Appendix_2 – Supplemental material for A 45-year sub-annual reconstruction of seawater temperature in the Bay of Brest, France, using the shell oxygen isotope composition of the bivalve Glycymeris glycymeris
Creators: name: Featherstone, Amy M
name: Butler, Paul G
name: Schöne, Bernd R
name: Peharda, Melita
name: Thébault, Julien
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2019
Subjects: Geography
History

description: Supplemental material, Appendix_2 for A 45-year sub-annual reconstruction of seawater temperature in the Bay of Brest, France, using the shell oxygen isotope composition of the bivalve Glycymeris glycymeris by Amy M Featherstone, Paul G Butler, Bernd R Schöne, Melita Peharda and Julien Thébault in The Holocene
Supplemental material for Erenumab (AMG 334), a monoclonal antagonist antibody against the canonical CGRP receptor, does not impair vasodilatory or contractile responses to other vasoactive agents in human isolated cranial arteries
Creators: name: Ohlsson, Lena
name: Haanes, Kristian A
name: Kronvall, Erik
name: Xu, Cen
name: Snellman, Josefin
name: Edvinsson, Lars
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 110306 Endocrinology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 110904 Neurology and Neuromuscular Diseases
subject: 111599 Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 170199 Psychology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: 110319 Psychiatry (incl. Psychotherapy)
subject: Neuroscience

description: Supplemental Material for Erenumab (AMG 334), a monoclonal antagonist antibody against the canonical CGRP receptor, does not impair vasodilatory or contractile responses to other vasoactive agents in human isolated cranial arteries by Lena Ohlsson, Kristian A Haanes, Erik Kronvall, Cen Xu, Josefin Snellman and Lars Edvinsson in Cephalalgia
Author_Response_1 – Supplemental material for Autophagy inhibition of cancer stem cells promotes the efficacy of cisplatin against non-small cell lung carcinoma
Creators: name: Chengcheng Hao
name: Guiping Liu
name: Guangliang Tian
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 111702 Aged Health Care
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 111599 Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 110203 Respiratory Diseases

description: Supplemental material, Author_Response_1 for Autophagy inhibition of cancer stem cells promotes the efficacy of cisplatin against non-small cell lung carcinoma by Chengcheng Hao, Guiping Liu and Guangliang Tian in Therapeutic Advances in Respiratory Disease
Supplemental Material, Appendix_-_Search_Strategy - Outcomes of Revision Surgery for Pseudarthrosis After Anterior Cervical Fusion: Case Series and Systematic Review
Creators: name: Steinhaus, Michael E.
name: York, Philip J.
name: Bronheim, Rachel S.
name: Jingyan Yang
name: Lovecchio, Francis
name: Kim, Han Jo
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 110904 Neurology and Neuromuscular Diseases
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 110314 Orthopaedics
subject: 110604 Sports Medicine
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110323 Surgery

description: Supplemental Material, Appendix_-_Search_Strategy for Outcomes of Revision Surgery for Pseudarthrosis After Anterior Cervical Fusion: Case Series and Systematic Review by Michael E. Steinhaus, Philip J. York, Rachel S. Bronheim, Jingyan Yang, Francis Lovecchio and Han Jo Kim in Global Spine Journal
Supplementary_file_1_search_strategy – Supplemental material for Hospitalizations of nursing home residents at the end of life: A systematic review
Creators: name: Allers, Katharina
name: Hoffmann, Falk
name: Schnakenberg, Rieke
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 110308 Geriatrics and Gerontology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 111702 Aged Health Care
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Supplemental material, Supplementary_file_1_search_strategy for Hospitalizations of nursing home residents at the end of life: A systematic review by Katharina Allers, Falk Hoffmann and Rieke Schnakenberg in Palliative Medicine
Additional file 1 of Analysis of clinical features, genomic landscapes and survival outcomes in HER2-low breast cancer
Creators: name: Jin, Juan
name: Li, Bin
name: Cao, Jianing
name: Li, Ting
name: Zhang, Jian
name: Cao, Jun
name: Zhao, Mingchuan
name: Wang, Leiping
name: Wang, Biyun
name: Tao, Zhonghua
name: Hu, Xichun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. The 520 Cancer-related Genes Included in the OncoScreen Plus Panel.
First measurement of the Weyl potential evolution from the Year 3 Dark Energy Survey data: Localising the $σ_8$ tension
Creators: name: Tutusaus, Isaac
name: Bonvin, Camille
name: Grimm, Nastassia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first measurement of the Weyl potential at four redshifts bins using data from the first three years of observations of the Dark Energy Survey (DES). The Weyl potential, which is the sum of the spatial and temporal distortions of the Universe's geometry, provides a direct way of testing the theory of gravity and the validity of the $Λ$CDM model. We find that the measured Weyl potential is 2.3$σ$, respectively 3.1$σ$, below the $Λ$CDM predictions in the two lowest redshift bins. We show that these low values of the Weyl potential are at the origin of the $σ_8$ tension between Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) measurements and weak lensing measurements. Interestingly, we find that the tension remains if no information from the CMB is used. DES data on their own prefer a high value of the primordial fluctuations, followed by a slow evolution of the Weyl potential. A remarkable feature of our method is that the measurements of the Weyl potential are model-independent and can therefore be confronted with any theory of gravity, allowing efficient tests of models beyond General Relativity.
description: 18 pages, 8 figures
Additional file 8 of A method for partitioning trends in genetic mean and variance to understand breeding practices
Creators: name: Oliveira, Thiago P.
name: Obšteter, Jana
name: Pocrnic, Ivan
name: Heslot, Nicolas
name: Gorjanc, Gregor
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 8: Figure S9. Pointand intervalestimates for inbreeding over generation considering all animals in a specific generation.