cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Automatic Registration and Clustering of Time Series
Creators: name: Weylandt, Michael
name: Michailidis, George
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Clustering of time series data exhibits a number of challenges not present in other settings, notably the problem of registration (alignment) of observed signals. Typical approaches include pre-registration to a user-specified template or time warping approaches which attempt to optimally align series with a minimum of distortion. For many signals obtained from recording or sensing devices, these methods may be unsuitable as a template signal is not available for pre-registration, while the distortion of warping approaches may obscure meaningful temporal information. We propose a new method for automatic time series alignment within a clustering problem. Our approach, Temporal Registration using Optimal Unitary Transformations (TROUT), is based on a novel dissimilarity measure between time series that is easy to compute and automatically identifies optimal alignment between pairs of time series. By embedding our new measure in a optimization formulation, we retain well-known advantages of computational and statistical performance. We provide an efficient algorithm for TROUT-based clustering and demonstrate its superior performance over a range of competitors.
description: To appear in ICASSP 2021
Testing Gravity Against Early Time Integrated Sachs-Wolfe Effect
Creators: name: Zhang, Pengjie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A generic prediction of general relativity is that the cosmological linear density growth factor $D$ is scale independent. But in general, modified gravities do not preserve this signature. A scale dependent $D$ can cause time variation in gravitational potential at high redshifts and provides a new cosmological test of gravity, through early time integrated Sachs-Wolfe (ISW) effect-large scale structure (LSS) cross correlation. We demonstrate the power of this test for a class of $f(R)$ gravity, with the form $f(R)=-λ_1 H_0^2\exp(-R/λ_2H_0^2)$. Such $f(R)$ gravity, even with degenerate expansion history to $Λ$CDM, can produce detectable ISW effect at $z\ga 3$ and $l\ga 20$. Null-detection of such effect would constrain $λ_2$ to be $λ_2>1000$ at $>95%$ confidence level. On the other hand, robust detection of ISW-LSS cross correlation at high $z$ will severely challenge general relativity.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures. Accepted to PRD. v2: Revised to address to more general audience. v3: added discussions
C.P. Ellington Bibliography from CHARLES ELLINGTON
Creators: name: Wootton, Robin
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 110601 Biomechanics
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Charles Ellington graduated at Duke University, North Carolina, and came to Cambridge in 1973 to work for a PhD on insect flight dynamics. He developed novel methodology and software for the kinematic analysis of freely hovering insects and applied them to his own high-speed films of a range of species. He identified five new non-steady-state mechanisms for lift generation, was the first to develop a vortex theory for flapping flight and developed and extended the use of morphometric parameters in calculating the forces and power requirements of flight. He remained in Cambridge, married a colleague, joined the staff of the Department of Zoology, became a fellow of Downing College and continued to work on insect aerodynamics and energetics, publishing on flight muscle efficiency, the factors limiting flight performance and the aerodynamic implications of the origin of insect flight. Building a closed-circuit wind tunnel connected with a sensitive oxygen analyser, he studied with colleagues how the aerodynamics and metabolic power input of bumblebees vary with flight speed, challenging the orthodox theory that this should follow a U-shaped curve. Outstanding among later research was the discovery that hawkmoths, and by implication many other insects, gain high levels of lift by generating a vortex above the leading edge, stabilized by spiralling out along the span—a major focus of animal flight research ever since. His many administrative roles included editorship of the Journal of Experimental Biology. He became a British citizen in 1995, was elected FRS in 1998 and to a chair of animal mechanics in 1999. Awards include the Scientific Medal of the Zoological Society and the University of Cambridge Pilkington Prize for teaching excellence. He was diabetic throughout his adult life, and suffered progressive ill health following a heart attack in 1996. He took early retirement in 2010, lived quietly with his wife and two sons at home near Newmarket, and died in July 2019.
The see-saw portal at future Higgs Factories
Creators: name: Barducci, Daniele
name: Bertuzzo, Enrico
name: Caputo, Andrea
name: Hernandez, Pilar
name: Mele, Barbara
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider an extension of the Standard Model with two right-handed singlet fermions with mass at the electroweak scale that induce neutrino masses, plus a generic new physics sector at a higher scale $Λ$. We focus on the effective operators of lowest dimension $d=5$, which induce new production and decay modes for the singlet fermions. We assess the sensitivity of future Higgs Factories, such as FCC-ee, CLIC-380, ILC and CEPC, to the coefficients of these operators for various center of mass energies. We show that future lepton colliders can test the cut-off of the theory up to $Λ\simeq 500 - 1000\;$TeV, surpassing the reach of future indirect measurements of the Higgs and $Z$ boson widths. We also comment on the possibility of determining the underlying model flavor structure should a New Physics signal be observed, and on the impact of higher dimensional $d=6$ operators on the experimental signatures.
description: 31 pages, 13 figures, matches published version
Slow-control system for the Hydrogen Cluster-Jet Test Facility at GSI
Creators: name: Zwieglinski, B.
name: Chlopik, A.
name: Gerhardt, A.
name: Kesik, G.
name: Lühning, J.
name: Orth, H.
name: Trzcinski, A.
Publisher: name: GSI Helmholtzzentrum fuer Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt
Year: 2015
Subjects: Physics

description: GSI Scientific Report 2014 - GSI Report 2015-1
[Small sessions: Comparatives, superlatives, tonal phenomena, final vowels]
Creators: name: Tukumu, Simon Nsielanga
name: Hyman, Larry M.
name: Ritter, Getty
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: nzd

description: Includes tones expressing tense with negation, and checking tones in copular and conditional clauses.
New secondary vertex finding procedure for the HypHI project
Creators: name: Rappold, C.
name: Saito, T.
name: Bozkurt, V.
Publisher: name: GSI Helmholtzzentrum fuer Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt
Year: 2015
Subjects: Physics

description: GSI Scientific Report 2014 - GSI Report 2015-1
Efficient light coupling into a photonic crystal waveguide with flatband slow mode
Creators: name: Säynätjoki, A.
name: Vynck, K.
name: Mulot, M.
name: Cassagne, D.
name: Ahopelto, J.
name: Lipsanen, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We design an efficient coupler to transmit light from a strip waveguide into the flatband slow mode of a photonic crystal waveguide with ring-shaped holes. The coupler is a section of a photonic crystal waveguide with a higher group velocity, obtained by different ring dimensions. We demonstrate coupling efficiency in excess of 95% over the 8 nm wavelength range where the photonic crystal waveguide exhibits a quasi constant group velocity vg = c/37. An analysis based on the small Fabry-Pérot resonances in the simulated transmission spectra is introduced and used for studying the effect of the coupler length and for evaluating the coupling efficiency in different parts of the coupler. The mode conversion efficiency within the coupler is more than 99.7% over the wavelength range of interest. The parasitic reflectance in the coupler, which depends on the propagation constant mismatch between the slow mode and the coupler mode, is lower than 0.6% within this wavelength range.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures, submitted to Photonics and Nanostructures - Fundamentals and Applications
Making Cross-Domain Recommendations by Associating Disjoint Users and Items Through the Affective Aware Pseudo Association Method
Creators: name: Leung, John Kalung
name: Griva, Igor
name: Kennedy, William G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper utilizes an ingenious text-based affective aware pseudo association method (AAPAM) to link disjoint users and items across different information domains and leverage them to make cross-domain content-based and collaborative filtering recommendations. This paper demonstrates that the AAPAM method could seamlessly join different information domain datasets to act as one without any additional cross-domain information retrieval protocols. Besides making cross-domain recommendations, the benefit of joining datasets from different information domains through AAPAM is that it eradicates cold start issues while making serendipitous recommendations.
description: 17 pages, 8 tables, 4 figures and paper has been accepted by the 2nd International Conference on Natural Language Processing, Information Retrieval and AI (NIAI 2021) to be held on January 23~24, 2021 in Zurich, Switzerland
Karl Hartensteins Bedeutung für die Beteiligung der deutschen Kirche und Mission an der ökumenischen Bewegung
Creators: name: Rennstich, Karl
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 35 Nr. 2 (1986): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 35, Heft 2
Measuring Semantic Similarity by Latent Relational Analysis
Creators: name: Turney, Peter D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: H.3.1; I.2.6; I.2.7

description: This paper introduces Latent Relational Analysis (LRA), a method for measuring semantic similarity. LRA measures similarity in the semantic relations between two pairs of words. When two pairs have a high degree of relational similarity, they are analogous. For example, the pair cat:meow is analogous to the pair dog:bark. There is evidence from cognitive science that relational similarity is fundamental to many cognitive and linguistic tasks (e.g., analogical reasoning). In the Vector Space Model (VSM) approach to measuring relational similarity, the similarity between two pairs is calculated by the cosine of the angle between the vectors that represent the two pairs. The elements in the vectors are based on the frequencies of manually constructed patterns in a large corpus. LRA extends the VSM approach in three ways: (1) patterns are derived automatically from the corpus, (2) Singular Value Decomposition is used to smooth the frequency data, and (3) synonyms are used to reformulate word pairs. This paper describes the LRA algorithm and experimentally compares LRA to VSM on two tasks, answering college-level multiple-choice word analogy questions and classifying semantic relations in noun-modifier expressions. LRA achieves state-of-the-art results, reaching human-level performance on the analogy questions and significantly exceeding VSM performance on both tasks.
description: 6 pages, related work available at http://purl.org/peter.turney/
SkillNER: Mining and Mapping Soft Skills from any Text
Creators: name: Fareri, Silvia
name: Melluso, Nicola
name: Chiarello, Filippo
name: Fantoni, Gualtiero
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In today's digital world, there is an increasing focus on soft skills. On the one hand, they facilitate innovation at companies, but on the other, they are unlikely to be automated soon. Researchers struggle with accurately approaching quantitatively the study of soft skills due to the lack of data-driven methods to retrieve them. This limits the possibility for psychologists and HR managers to understand the relation between humans and digitalisation. This paper presents SkillNER, a novel data-driven method for automatically extracting soft skills from text. It is a named entity recognition (NER) system trained with a support vector machine (SVM) on a corpus of more than 5000 scientific papers. We developed this system by measuring the performance of our approach against different training models and validating the results together with a team of psychologists. Finally, SkillNER was tested in a real-world case study using the job descriptions of ESCO (European Skill/Competence Qualification and Occupation) as textual source. The system enabled the detection of communities of job profiles based on their shared soft skills and communities of soft skills based on their shared job profiles. This case study demonstrates that the tool can automatically retrieve soft skills from a large corpus in an efficient way, proving useful for firms, institutions, and workers. The tool is open and available online to foster quantitative methods for the study of soft skills.
The effect of functional knee bracing on medial compartment osteoarthritis
Creators: name: Biagi, Heather L.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The purpose of this study was to examine the clinical effects of the Patient- Ready Monarch Knee Brace (Smith and Nephew - Donjoy) in patients with medial osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee. Using a repeated measures cross over study design, ten subjects, eight male and two female, (mean values: age = 51.3 ± 8.63; weight = 185.2 ± 22.9 lbs., height = 69.5 ± 3.7 cm.) participated in the study. Subjects wore the knee brace for six weeks in each a neutral and valgus orientation with a three-week washout between trials. Clinical measurements included four functional tasks: timed hgure-8-run, timed 6-stair climb, incline squat, single leg hop. Each task was measured every three weeks. In addition, subjects completed the Western Ontario McMaster University (WOMAC) osteoarthritis index daily during the fifteen weeks. The WOMAC index is an OA specific quality of life questionnaire consisting of three subscales (pain, stiffness, and physical function). Statistical significance was set a priori at p< 0.05. Repeated measures Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) of the figure-8- run, incline squat, and single leg hop functional tasks, measured at testing session 1,3 and 6, indicated no significant difference between the no brace, neutral and valgus brace conditions (p>0.05). There was a significant improvement in the time to stair climb when subjects wore a brace compared to no brace (p=. 01); however, there was no difference between valgus and neutral brace conditions (p=.21). The three subscales of the WOMAC index were analyzed separately using repeated measures ANOVA. Results indicate that the perception of pain and stiffness did not significantly change between brace conditions (p=. 43 and p=. 16 respectively). There was a significant difference between conditions found in the physical function subscale (p=. 02). Post hoc analysis indicated that subjects perceived their physical function improved when wearing a brace compared to not wearing a brace. Conclusion: Patients who have medial knee OA may perceive a significant improvement in performing physical tasks while wearing a knee brace. Moreover, they are able to ascend and descend stairs quicker while wearing a brace. Results must be interpreted with caution due to the small sample size used in this study.
Deterministic single photons via conditional quantum evolution
Creators: name: Matsukevich, D. N.
name: Chaneliere, T.
name: Jenkins, S. D.
name: Lan, S. -Y.
name: Kennedy, T. A. B.
name: Kuzmich, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A source of deterministic single photons is proposed and demonstrated by the application of a measurement-based feedback protocol to a heralded single photon source consisting of an ensemble of cold rubidium atoms. Our source is stationary and produces a photoelectric detection record with sub-Poissonian statistics.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
A Proposal to Give State and Territory Tribunals Jurisdiction to Resolve ‘Assets for Care’ Disputes
Creators: name: Tyrer, Samuel
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law

description: This article explores a proposal for a new ‘assets for care’ jurisdiction in state and territory tribunals. Older persons who have lost their homes (or other assets) under ‘assets for care’ arrangements could seek effective redress in state and territory tribunals, to regain assets which were lost (‘the new jurisdiction’). The Australian Law Reform Commission’s 2017 report, titled Elder Abuse: A National Legal Response has previously recommended such a new ‘assets for care’ jurisdiction be introduced, which is more accessible for older persons to obtain a remedy in these circumstances. However, the key features of enabling legislation for the new jurisdiction (ie how it would work in practice) have not yet been articulated as a single body of work. This article addresses that gap by providing a ‘legislative roadmap’, which policymakers could follow to implement new laws conferring an ‘assets for care’ jurisdiction on tribunals. This ‘legislative roadmap’ comprises key recommendations as to its features, which are discussed in the article. A new jurisdiction is necessary to overcome problems with the existing law, whereby older persons do not have effective redress to regain their assets when they are lost under ‘assets for care’ arrangements.
Softness of Supersymmetry Breaking on the Orbifold $T^2/Z_2$
Creators: name: Lee, Hyun Min
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider supersymmetry breaking due to a Scherk-Schwarz twist or localized mass terms in 6d ${\cal N}=1$ supersymmetric gauge theory compactified on the orbifold $T^2/Z_2$. We show that the Scherk-Schwarz breaking in 6d is equivalent to the localized breaking with mass terms along the lines in extra dimensions. In the presence of the considered supersymmetry breaking, we find that there arises a finite one-loop mass correction to a brane scalar due to the KK modes of bulk gauge fields.
description: JHEP style file of 16 pages, no figures, published version
Self-paced and self-consistent co-training for semi-supervised image segmentation
Creators: name: Wang, Ping
name: Peng, Jizong
name: Pedersoli, Marco
name: Zhou, Yuanfeng
name: Zhang, Caiming
name: Desrosiers, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Deep co-training has recently been proposed as an effective approach for image segmentation when annotated data is scarce. In this paper, we improve existing approaches for semi-supervised segmentation with a self-paced and self-consistent co-training method. To help distillate information from unlabeled images, we first design a self-paced learning strategy for co-training that lets jointly-trained neural networks focus on easier-to-segment regions first, and then gradually consider harder ones.This is achieved via an end-to-end differentiable loss inthe form of a generalized Jensen Shannon Divergence(JSD). Moreover, to encourage predictions from different networks to be both consistent and confident, we enhance this generalized JSD loss with an uncertainty regularizer based on entropy. The robustness of individual models is further improved using a self-ensembling loss that enforces their prediction to be consistent across different training iterations. We demonstrate the potential of our method on three challenging image segmentation problems with different image modalities, using small fraction of labeled data. Results show clear advantages in terms of performance compared to the standard co-training baselines and recently proposed state-of-the-art approaches for semi-supervised segmentation
Coherent-Squeezed State Representation of Travelling General Gaussian Wave Packets
Creators: name: Kim, Sang Pyo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the time-dependent annihilation and creation operators, the invariant operators, for a free mass and an oscillator, we find the coherent-squeezed state representation of a travelling general Gaussian wave packet with initial expectation values, $x_0$ and $p_0$, of the position and momentum and variances, $Δx_0$ and $Δp_0$. The initial general Gaussian wave packet takes, up to a normalization factor, the form $e^{i p_0 x/\hbar} e^{- (1 \mp i δ) (x - x_0)^2 / 4 (Δx_0)^2}$, where $δ= \sqrt{(2Δx_0 Δp_0/\hbar)^2 -1}$ denotes a measure of deviation from the minimum uncertainty or the initial position-momentum correlation $δ= 2Δ(xp)_0 / \hbar$. The travelling Gaussian wave packet takes, up to a time-dependent phase and normalization factor, the form $e^{i p_c x/\hbar} e^{- (1 - 2 i Δ(xp)_t/\hbar) (x - x_c)^2 / 4 (Δx_t)^2}$ and the centroid follows the the classical trajectory with $x_c(t)$ and $p_c(t)$. The position variance is found to have additionally a linearly time-dependent term proportional to $δ$ with both positive and negative signs.
description: RevTex 14 pages, no figure
A Proposal to Give State and Territory Tribunals Jurisdiction to Resolve ‘Assets for Care’ Disputes (Advance)
Creators: name: Tyrer, Samuel
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law

description: This article explores a proposal for a new ‘assets for care’ jurisdiction in state and territory tribunals. Older persons who have lost their homes (or other assets) under ‘assets for care’ arrangements could seek effective redress in state and territory tribunals, to regain assets which were lost (‘the new jurisdiction’). The Australian Law Reform Commission’s 2017 report, titled Elder Abuse: A National Legal Response has previously recommended such a new ‘assets for care’ jurisdiction be introduced, which is more accessible for older persons to obtain a remedy in these circumstances. However, the key features of enabling legislation for the new jurisdiction (ie how it would work in practice) have not yet been articulated as a single body of work. This article addresses that gap by providing a ‘legislative roadmap’, which policymakers could follow to implement new laws conferring an ‘assets for care’ jurisdiction on tribunals. This ‘legislative roadmap’ comprises key recommendations as to its features, which are discussed in the article. A new jurisdiction is necessary to overcome problems with the existing law, whereby older persons do not have effective redress to regain their assets when they are lost under ‘assets for care’ arrangements.
Association between dietary factors, symptoms, and psychological factors in adults with dyspepsia: A cross-sectional study
Creators: name: Cooke, Zoe
name: Resciniti, Stephanie
name: Wright, Bradley
name: Hale, Matthew
name: Yao, Chu K
name: Tuck, Caroline
name: Biesiekierski, Jessica
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 3202
subject: Clinical sciences
classificationCode: 3209
subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
classificationCode: 3208
subject: Medical physiology

description: Background: Evidence-based dietary management approaches for symptoms of dyspepsia are lacking. This study aimed to compare dietary factors, symptoms, quality of life (QOL) and salivary cortisol in dyspepsia participants and healthy controls. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was completed by adults with dyspepsia (n = 121) meeting Rome IV criteria and healthy controls (n = 52). Outcome measures included self-reported questionnaires about dietary habits, triggers, restrictions, dietary management approaches, nutritional intake, psychological variables, QOL, gastrointestinal symptoms, and optional cortisol awakening response (CAR) via saliva samples. Data were analyzed using Chi-square or Mann–Whitney U. Cortisol awakening response data was analyzed using moderated regression controlling for age, gender and distress. Key Results: Fermentable carbohydrates (FODMAPs) (55%) were the most reported trigger in adults with dyspepsia. The dyspepsia group (88%) followed special diets more than controls (47%; p < 0.001), with a low FODMAP diet being most common (69%). The dyspepsia group consumed less fiber (p = 0.014), calcium (p = 0.015), and total FODMAPs (p < 0.001) than controls. There was a greater prevalence of comorbid anxiety (41%) and depression (31%) in dyspepsia compared to controls (15% and 12%, respectively, p < 0.001 and p = 0.006). The dyspepsia group had poorer QOL and greater gastrointestinal symptom severity than controls (p < 0.001). There was a negative association between anxiety and CAR (p = 0.001) in dyspepsia but not in controls. Conclusions & Inferences: Adults with dyspepsia follow special diets more than controls and perceive FODMAPs as a key dietary trigger. These findings highlight the importance of monitoring nutritional adequacy and QOL, and emphasize mechanisms of depleted stress response in dyspepsia, warranting further exploration.
The statistical reliability of 267 GHz JCMT observations of Venus: No significant evidence for phosphine absorption
Creators: name: Thompson, M. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the light of the recent announcement of the discovery of the potential biosignature phosphine in the atmosphere of Venus I present an independent reanalysis of the original JCMT data to assess the statistical reliability of the detection. Two line detection methods are explored, low order polynomial fits and higher order multiple polynomial fits. A non-parametric bootstrap analysis reveals that neither line detection method is able to recover a statistically significant detection. Similar to the results of other reanalyses of ALMA Venus spectra, the polynomial fitting process results in false positive detections in the JCMT spectrum. There is thus no significant evidence for phosphine absorption in the JCMT Venus spectra.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures. Accepted by MNRAS
CO-induced lifting of Au (001) surface reconstruction
Creators: name: Pierce, M. S.
name: Chang, K-C
name: Hennessy, D. C.
name: Komanicky, V.
name: Menzel, A.
name: You, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report CO-induced lifting of the hexagonal surface reconstruction on Au (001). Using in-situ surface x-ray scattering, we determined a pressure-temperature phase diagram for the reconstruction and measured the dynamical evolution of the surface structure in real time. Our observations provide evidence that, under certain conditions, even macroscopic Au surfaces, much larger than catalytic Au nanoparticles [M. Haruta, Catal. Today 36, 153 (1997)], can exhibit some of the reactive properties and surface transitions observed in systems known to be catalytically active such as Pt (001).
description: 4 Figures. Accepted as a Letter to Journal of Physical Chemistry C
Search for Light Exotic Fermions in Double-Beta Decays
Creators: name: Agostini, Matteo
name: Bossio, Elisabetta
name: Ibarra, Alejandro
name: Marcano, Xabier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Standard Model of Particle Physics predicts the double-$β$ decay of certain nuclei with the emission of two active neutrinos. In this letter, we argue that double-$β$ decay experiments could be used to probe models with light exotic fermions through the search for spectral distortions in the electron spectrum with respect to the Standard Model expectations. We consider two concrete examples: models with light sterile neutrinos, singly produced in the double-$β$ decay, and models with a light $Z_2$-odd fermion, pair produced due to a $Z_2$ symmetry. We estimate the discovery potential of a selection of double-$β$ decay experiments and find that future searches will test for the first time a new part of the parameter space of interest at the MeV-mass scale.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures. Matches published version
Absolute Proper Motion of the Canis Major Dwarf Galaxy Candidate
Creators: name: Dinescu, Dana I.
name: Martinez-Delgado, David
name: Girard, Terrence M.
name: Penarrubia, Jorge
name: Rix, Hans-Walter
name: Butler, David
name: van Altena, William F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have measured the absolute proper motion of the candidate Canis Major dwarf galaxy (CMa) at $(l,b) = (240\arcdeg, -8\arcdeg)$. Likely main-sequence stars in CMa have been selected from a region in the color-magnitude diagram that has very little contamination from known Milky Way components. We obtain $μ_{l} cos b = -1.47 \pm 0.37$ and $μ_{b} = -1.07 \pm 0.38$ mas yr$^{-1}$, on the ICRS system via Hipparcos stars. Together with the radial velocity of 109 km s$^{-1}$, and the assumed distance of 8 kpc, these results imply a space motion of $(Π, Θ, W) = (-5 \pm 12, 188 \pm 10, -49 \pm 15)$ km s$^{-1}$. While CMa has in-plane rotation similar to the mean of thick disk stars, it shows significant $(3σ)$ motion perpendicular to the disk, and differs even more $(7σ)$ from that expected for the Galactic warp. The $W$ velocity lends support to the argument that the CMa overdensity is part of a satellite galaxy remnant.
description: 12 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ Letters
Dealing with Nap-Core Sandwich Composites: How to Predict the Effect of Symmetry
Creators: name: Ha, Giap
name: Zehn, Manfred
name: Marinković, Dragan
name: Fragassa, Cristiano
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 620 Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten
subject: textiles
subject: material layers
subject: composite properties
subject: symmetry
subject: numerical models

description: The behavior of nap-core sandwiches was investigated with a special focus on the effect of symmetry in nap cores. A nap-core is, in general terms, a 3D-formed hollow structure made of knitted textile impregnated by a thermosetting resin. The molding process determines if the nap-core is double-sided (symmetric) or single-sided. The sandwich with nap-core owns various remarkable properties of a novel lightweight material, but the nap-core’s complex structure makes the prediction of these properties a difficult task. While the analysis of a single-sided nap-core sandwich has been presented by the authors before, this study is focused on the simulation of symmetric nap-core sandwich. Overall, performance of the structure is examined with respect to several loading conditions. The simulation approach invokes a typical homogenization scheme to find the engineering properties of the nap-core’s fabric with least computational time and memory resources. Results from experiments and simulations exhibit a good compatibility, which prove the fitness of the modeling method.
Earth Matter Effects in Detection of Supernova Neutrinos
Creators: name: Guo, X. -H.
name: Young, Bing-Lin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculated the matter effect, including both the Earth and supernova, on the detection of neutrinos from type II supernovae at the proposed Daya Bay reactor neutrino experiment. It is found that apart from the dependence on the flip probability P_H inside the supernova and the mass hierarchy of neutrinos, the amount of the Earth matter effect depends on the direction of the incoming supernova neutrinos, and reaches the biggest value when the incident angle of neutrinos is around 93^\circ. In the reaction channel \barν_e + p --> e^+ + n the Earth matter effect can be as big as about 12%. For other detection processes the amount of the Earth matter effect is a few per cent.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures
A partial wave analysis for p$+$p$\rightarrow$p$+K^++\Lambda$ in the GeV energy scale
Creators: name: Münzer, R.
name: Epple, E.
name: Fabbietti, L.
name: Ritman, J.
name: Roderburg, E.
name: Hauenstein, F.
name: Maggiora, M.
Publisher: name: GSI Helmholtzzentrum fuer Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt
Year: 2015
Subjects: Physics

description: GSI Scientific Report 2014 - GSI Report 2015-1
Soft Theorems from Boundary Terms in the Classical Point Particle Currents
Creators: name: DeLisle, Colby
name: Wilson-Gerow, Jordan
name: Stamp, Philip
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Soft factorization has been shown to hold to sub-leading order in QED and to sub-sub-leading order in perturbative quantum gravity, with various loop and non-universal corrections that can be found. Here we show that all terms factorizing at tree level can be uniquely identified as boundary terms that exist already in the classical expressions for the electric current and stress tensor of a point particle. Further, we show that one cannot uniquely identify such boundary terms beyond the sub-leading or sub-sub-leading orders respectively, providing evidence that the "universality" of the tree level soft factor only holds to these orders. Finally, we show that these boundary terms factor out of all tree level amplitudes as expected, in a theory where gravitons couple to a scalar field.
description: v2: Incorporated additional references and discussions suggested by referee
Dual opposite actions of sodium bicarbonate in treatment of acute organophosphate poisoning
Creators: name: Shetab-Boushehri, Seyed Vahid
Publisher: name: IfADo - Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Dortmund
Year: 2019
Subjects: acute poisoning
organophosphate pesticide
dual opposite actions
sodium bicarbonate

description: EXCLI Journal; 18:Doc677; ISSN 1611-2156
One step replica symmetry breaking and overlaps between two temperatures
Creators: name: Derrida, Bernard
name: Mottishaw, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We obtain an exact analytic expression for the average distribution, in the thermodynamic limit, of overlaps between two copies of the same random energy model (REM) at different temperatures. We quantify the non-self averaging effects and provide an exact approach to the computation of the fluctuations in the distribution of overlaps in the thermodynamic limit. We show that the overlap probabilities satisfy recurrence relations that generalise Ghirlanda-Guerra identities to two temperatures. We also analyse the two temperature REM using the replica method. The replica expressions for the overlap probabilities satisfy the same recurrence relations as the exact form. We show how a generalisation of Parisi's replica symmetry breaking ansatz is consistent with our replica expressions. A crucial aspect to this generalisation is that we must allow for fluctuations in the replica block sizes even in the thermodynamic limit. This contrasts with the single temperature case where the extremal condition leads to a fixed block size in the thermodynamic limit. Finally, we analyse the fluctuations of the block sizes in our generalised Parisi ansatz and show that in general they may have a negative variance.
description: 22 pages, 1 figure. Version 2 submitted to Journal of Physics A
Systematic Effects in CMB Polarization Measurements
Creators: name: Rosset, C.
name: Collaboration, the PLANCK-HFI
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The cosmic microwave background polarization is rich of cosmological information complementary to those from temperature anisotropies. Linear polarization can be decomposed uniquely in two components of opposite parities, called E and B. While E mode allows measurement of cosmological parameters in a way independent from temperature, B mode allows to detect the primordial gravitational waves produced during inflation, and thus to determine its energy scale. However, measuring CMB polarization is complicated by foregrounds, whose polarization is poorly known, and by systematic effects, which mainly affects B mode measurement because of its low level. As an example, we show here the effect of beams uncertainty on polarization measurement in the case of the Planck HFI instrument, and how we can correct for it.
description: XXXIXth Rencontres de Moriond "Exploring the Universe", La Thuile, Italy, 28/03-04/04/2004
Fermionic Superfluidity with Imbalanced Spin Populations and the Quantum Phase Transition to the Normal State
Creators: name: Zwierlein, Martin W.
name: Schirotzek, André
name: Schunck, Christian H.
name: Ketterle, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Whether it occurs in superconductors, helium-3 or inside a neutron star, fermionic superfluidity requires pairing of fermions, particles with half-integer spin. For an equal mixture of two states of fermions ("spin up" and "spin down"), pairing can be complete and the entire system will become superfluid. When the two populations of fermions are unequal, not every particle can find a partner. Will the system nevertheless stay superfluid? Here we study this intriguing question in an unequal mixture of strongly interacting ultracold fermionic atoms. The superfluid region vs population imbalance is mapped out by employing two complementary indicators: The presence or absence of vortices in a rotating mixture, as well as the fraction of condensed fermion pairs in the gas. Due to the strong interactions near a Feshbach resonance, the superfluid state is remarkably stable in response to population imbalance. The final breakdown of superfluidity marks a new quantum phase transition, the Pauli limit of superfluidity.
description: 15 pages, 5 figures
Lifetime of ALD-coated microchannel plate PMTs
Creators: name: Uhlig, F.
name: Britting, A.
name: Eyrich, W.
name: Lehmann, A.
Publisher: name: GSI Helmholtzzentrum fuer Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt
Year: 2015
Subjects: Physics

description: GSI Scientific Report 2014 - GSI Report 2015-1
Dynamical polarization and plasmons in noncentrosymmetric metals
Creators: name: Verma, Sonu
name: Kundu, Arijit
name: Ghosh, Tarun Kanti
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the dynamical polarization function and plasmon modes for spin-orbit coupled noncentrosymmetric metals (NCMs). These systems have different Fermi surface topology for Fermi energies above and below the spin degenerate point which is also known as the band touching point (BTP). We calculate the exact dynamical polarization function numerically and also provide its analytical expression in the long wavelength limit. We obtain the plasmon dispersion within the framework of random phase approximation. In NCMs, there is a finite energy gap in between intra and interband particle hole continuum (PHC) for vanishing excitation wavevector. In the long wavelength limit, the width of interband PHC behaves differently for Fermi energies below and above the BTP as a clear signature of the Fermi surface topology change. We find a single undamped optical plasmon mode lying in between the intra and interband PHC for Fermi energies above and below the BTP. The plasmon mode below the BTP has smaller velocity than that of above the BTP. It is interesting to find that as we tune the Fermi energy around the BTP, the plasmon mode becomes damped within a range of e-e interaction strength. For Fermi energies above and below the BTP, we also obtain an approximate analytical result of plasma frequency and plasmon dispersion which match well with their numerical counterparts in the long wavelength limit. The plasmon dispersion is $\propto q^2$ with $q$ being the wave vector for plasmon excitation in the long wavelength limit. We find that varying the carrier density with fixed e-e interaction strength or vice versa does not change the number of undamped plasmon mode, although damped plasmon modes can be more in number for some values of these parameters. We demonstrate our results by calculating the loss function and optical conductivity which can be measured in experiments.
description: 18 pages, 9 figures
A Note on Spontaneously Broken Lorentz Invariance
Creators: name: Hashimoto, Akikazu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a relativistic effective field theory of vector boson whose vacuum exhibits spontaneous breaking of Lorentz invariance. We argue that a simple model of this type, considered recently by Kraus and Tomboulis, is obstructed from having a consistent ultraviolet completion according to the diagnostic recently suggested by Adams, Arkani-Hamed, Dubovsky, Nicolis, and Rattazzi.
description: 11 pages, references added, minor changes
Laser test stand for double-sided silicon microstrip sensors
Creators: name: Schnell, R.
name: Brinkmann, K.
name: Kesselkaul, M.
name: Wohlfahrt, B.
name: Zaunick, H.
Publisher: name: GSI Helmholtzzentrum fuer Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt
Year: 2015
Subjects: Physics

description: GSI Scientific Report 2014 - GSI Report 2015-1
CORDEX FPS-AEROSOL PROTOCOL 1B
Creators: name: Somot, Samuel
name: Nabat, Pierre
name: Solmon, Fabien
name: Mallet, Marc
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: CORDEX
RCM
aerosol
Europe
protocol
simulation
scenario

description: This document describes the simulation protocol 1B of the CORDEX Flagship Pilot Study on Aerosol (CORDEX FPS-aerosol). It proposes to run regional climate models with and without evolving aerosol forcings in future projections over the Euro-Mediterranean area.
Studies for the PANDA software trigger
Creators: name: Nerling, F.
name: Denig, A.
name: Götzen, K.
name: Kang, D.
name: Kliemt, R.
name: Peters, K.
Publisher: name: GSI Helmholtzzentrum fuer Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt
Year: 2015
Subjects: Physics

description: GSI Scientific Report 2014 - GSI Report 2015-1
Extrapolation Formulas for Neutron EDM Calculations in Lattice QCD
Creators: name: O'Connell, Donal
name: Savage, Martin J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Lattice QCD is rapidly progressing toward being able to reliably compute the electric dipole moment of the neutron as a function of the strong CP-violating parameter theta. Present day calculations are performed at unphysical values of the light quark masses, in volumes that are not exceptionally large and at lattice spacings that are not exceptionally small. We use chiral perturbation theory to determine the leading contributions to the neutron electric dipole moment at finite volume, and in partially-quenched calculations.
description: 12 pages, 2 figures
An Ancient Remedy for Modern Ills: The Prerogative of Mercy and Mandatory Sentencing
Creators: name: Murphy, Julian R
name: Gerry, Felicity
name: Tisdale, Rebecca
name: Kretzenbacher, Julia
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law

description: The prerogative of mercy is an ancient power to forgive, or temper the punishment of, a legal wrong. In the Middle Ages in England, and later in colonial Australia, it was regularly used to spare the lives of persons found guilty of offences carrying mandatory death sentences. Scholarship and case law considering the prerogative of mercy in the United Kingdom and Australia have almost exclusively focused on its application to pardon persons whose convictions are attended by doubt, irregularity or other infirmity. This article takes a different perspective, highlighting the continued, albeit limited potential application of the prerogative of mercy to alleviate the injustices occasioned by mandatory sentencing. This potential application of the prerogative of mercy is explored in its historical, theoretical and contemporary dimensions, with the contemporary discussion focusing on a recent Australian case study. Drawing upon the case study and the historical and theoretical discussion, this article concludes by making practical recommendations as to how defence lawyers might begin to more regularly petition for mercy in mandatory sentencing cases.