cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Dynamic String Interconnection in Single-Stage Inverter Topology
Creators: name: Moench, S.
name: Merz, R.
name: Wurster, T.
name: Schubert, M.B.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
Balance of System Components

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 3626-3629
description: The Dynamic String Interconnection (DSI) inverter is a novel single-stage inverter topology that
operates multiple photovoltaic strings at their individual maximum power points. The decoupling of the strings
avoids mismatch losses otherwise caused by partial shading or parallel connection of unequal strings. This paper
introduces a single-stage inverter topology with integrated DSI that delivers a sinusoidal output voltage and performs
individual maximum power point tracking for all connected strings. A prototype DSI inverter with four strings and
underlying buck converter topology is operating with an inverter efficiency of 95 % at 250 W output power.
Measurements prove that both, the string voltages and currents are independent of each other, and each string enters
its individual operating point, e.g. its maximum power point. Further investigations show that the DSI inverter,
despite its underlying buck converter topology, is capable of operating a subset of the connected strings at string
voltages lower than its output voltage.
Phase Diagram of the Triangular t-J Model with Multiple Spin Exchange in the Doped-Mott Region
Creators: name: Fuseya, Yuki
name: Ogata, Masao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the triangular $t$-$J$ model with multiple spin exchange interactions using exact diagonalization of small clusters, as a model of monolayer liquid $^3$He. A phase where the energy spectrum suggest the behaviors of spin-charge separation is realized in the doped-Mott region due to the competition between ferromagnetic two-spin and antiferromagnetic four-spin exchange interactions. This behavior gives an interpretation of the double peaked heat capacity recently observed in monolayer liquid $^3$He adsorbed on a graphite.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, to appear in J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. Vol. 78, No.1 (2009)
Additional file 1 of Fluorescent cystoscopy-assisted en bloc transurethral resection versus conventional transurethral resection in patients with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer: study protocol of a prospective, open-label, randomized control trial (the FLEBER study)
Creators: name: Miyake, Makito
name: Nishimura, Nobutaka
name: Inoue, Takashi
name: Suzuki, Shota
name: Fujii, Tomomi
name: Owari, Takuya
name: Shunta Hori
name: Nakai, Yasushi
name: Toritsuka, Michihiro
name: Nakagawa, Hitoshi
name: Tsukamoto, Shinji
name: Anai, Satoshi
name: Torimoto, Kazumasa
name: Yoneda, Tatsuo
name: Nobumichi Tanaka
name: Kiyohide Fujimoto
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. SPIRIT 2013 Checklist for the FLEBER study.
Mapping between Morita equivalent string-net states with a constant depth quantum circuit
Creators: name: Lootens, Laurens
name: Cuiper, Bram Vancraeynest-De
name: Schuch, Norbert
name: Verstraete, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct a constant depth quantum circuit that maps between Morita equivalent string-net models. Due to its constant depth and unitarity, the circuit cannot alter the topological order, which demonstrates that Morita equivalent string-nets are in the same phase. The circuit is constructed from an invertible bimodule category connecting the two input fusion categories of the relevant string-net models, acting as a generalized Fourier transform for fusion categories. The circuit does not only act on the ground state subspace, but acts unitarily on the full Hilbert space when supplemented with ancillas.
description: 11+2 pages, v2: updated section III.B
Nonlinear photonic crystals near the supercollimation point
Creators: name: Xu, Zhiyong
name: Maes, Bjorn
name: Jiang, Xunya
name: Joannopoulos, John D.
name: Torner, Lluis
name: Soljacic, Marin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We uncover a strong coupling between nonlinearity and diffraction in a photonic crystal at the supercollimation point. We show this is modeled by a nonlinear diffraction term in a nonlinear schroedinger type equation, in which the properties of solitons are investigated. Linear stability analysis shows solitons are stable in an existence domain that obeys the Vakhitov-Kolokolov criterium. In addition, we investigate the influence of the nonlinear diffraction on soliton collision scenarios.
description: 16 pages, 3 figures, being published in Optics Letters
Application of Intrinsic Amorphous Silicon Oxide Films as Passivation Layers for Textured Heterojunction Solar Cells
Creators: name: Nakada, K.
name: Konagai, M.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1616-1618
description: We have focused on intrinsic hydrogenated amorphous silicon oxide (i-a-SiO:H) for application to
passivation layers of heterojunction solar cells. i-a-SiO:H can be deposited at high temperatures without epitaxial
growth and, consequently, can be a solution for epitaxial growth that occurs when conventional i-a-Si:H is used. In
this work we report on the application of i-a-SiO:H as the passivation layer for flat and textured substrates and
improvement of effective lifetimes through annealing treatment. The effective lifetimes for annealed samples were
1.7-2.2 times higher than the as-deposited ones. These values correspond to surface recombination velocities of 4-5
cm/s and 6-7 cm/s for flat and textured substrates, respectively. By introducing the annealing process to solar cell
fabrication, VOC increased from 659 to 703 mV for the textured wafer case due to improvement of passivation.
Thanks to this increase, the conversion efficiency improved from 15.8% to 17.3%. For the flat substrate, a VOC of 717
mV and efficiency of 18.9% were achieved. After optimization of passivation layer thickness, an efficiency of 20.1%
was achieved. These results indicate that application of i-a-SiO:H as passivation material and proper annealing
conditions are promising for improving the passivation quality of heterojunction solar cells.
Characteristics of Glass to Glass BIPV Module under Mechanical Properties and Operating Temperature
Creators: name: Kim, H.-I.
name: Ahn, J.-H.
name: Shin, S.-M.
name: Hwang, M.-I.
name: Cho, E.-C.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
PV Modules

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 3549-3552
description: The most significant increase of renewable energy into the modern urban life has just been initiated through the installation of BIPV systems. One of the strong candidates for commercially available BIPV products is G/G (Glass to Glass) modules that fully integrate with the façade window systems, canopy and skylights of commercial buildings. In order to verify the potential of BIPV modules in terms of building applications, additional
aspects such as glass fracture, weather resistance and environmental conditions must be taken into account. These can be determined by chemical/mechanical behaviors of various materials such as glass, encapsulant and frame, etc. The
mechanical strength of G/G BIPV modules depends not only on the glass material, but also the bonding properties of
encapsulant. The aim of this study is to examine the mechanical strength and bending strength of G/G modules
according to encapsulant type and operating temperature. And through this experiment, we organize fundamental and
technical data for G/G module applications. At module operating temperature of -20 °C and 0  °C , the bending displacement decrease for G/G modules with PVB, ionomer and EVA encapsulant. At module operating temperature
of 45 °C and 60 °C , the bending displacement increase for G/G modules with PVB and EVA. EVA module shows much better bending strength than PVB module due to lower elasticity of PVB compared to EVA at higher temperature. With respect to load duration and higher operating temperature, a G/G module with Ionomer encapsulant shows much better mechanical behaviours than modules with PVB and EVA encapsulant due to better tensile strength characteristic of ionomer compared to PVB and EVA.
A Planetary System Around HD 155358: The Lowest Metallicity Planet Host Star
Creators: name: Cochran, William D.
name: Endl, Michael
name: Wittenmyer, Robert A.
name: Bean, Jacob L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the detection of two planetary mass companions to the solar-type star HD 155358. The two planets have orbital periods of 195.0 and 530.3 days, with eccentricities of 0.11 and 0.18. The minimum masses for these planets are 0.89 and 0.50 Jupiter masses respectively. The orbits are close enough to each other, and the planets are sufficiently massive, that the planets are gravitationally interacting with each other, with their eccentricities and arguments of periastron varying with periods of 2300--2700 years. While large uncertainties remain in the orbital eccentricities, our orbital integration calculations indicate that our derived orbits would be dynamically stable for at least 10^8 years. With a metallicity [Fe/H] of -0.68, HD 155358 is tied with the K1III giant planet host star HD 47536 for the lowest metallicity of any planet host star yet found. Thus, a star with only 21% of the heavy-element content of our Sun was still able to form a system of at least two Jovian-mass planets and have their orbits evolve to semi-major axes of 0.6-1.2 AU.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures. Astrophysical Journal in press, 1 September 2007 issue
Novel Approach for 19.2% Efficiency Laser Doped Selective Emitter Cells
Creators: name: Chang, T.-J.
name: Wei, T.-Y.
name: Chen, S.H.T.
name: Cheng, L.-W.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1528-1530
description: The 19.2% efficiency laser doped selective emitter solar cells have been demonstrated by the
application of modified emitter. The modified emitter illustrated its features with low surface concentration and deep
junction depth. The photoluminescence and WCT-120 measurement results show the enhanced performance of this
modified emitter in terms of higher effective lifetime and lower saturation current density, compared to standard
emitter. Significant improvement on open circuit voltage (~1.6mV) and short circuit current density (~0.13 mA/cm2),
as well as less compensate of fill factor, have been achieved by the implement of this modified emitter. The duallayer
passivated LDSE cells with the modified emitter scheme show 19.14% efficiency in average while the
champion efficiency reaches 19.27%, and a 60-cell module with power output at 266.7W was realized.
Increasing Screen Printed Multicrystalline Silicon Solar Cell Efficiency with Inverted Pyramidal Texturization Using Nanoimprint Technology and Dry Etching
Creators: name: Pirot, M.
name: Monna, R.
name: Landis, S.
name: Lee, Y.
name: Brianceau, P.
name: Jourdan, J.
name: Mialon, S.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1921-1925
description: The excessive reflectivity from mc-Si solar cells is a limitation to obtain high efficiencies. Wet acidic
or alkaline chemical texture processes are usually used in photovoltaic industry to reduce the surface reflectivity.
However, they suffer from lowering just a few the surface reflectivity. Nano-imprint technology combined with
plasma etching offer a better optical potential with the advantage to allow defined geometry silicon surface patterning
independently of the crystalline orientation.
The stamp needed for Nano Imprint technology is defined from anisotropic wet chemical etching on mono-crystalline
silicon, which is the high efficiency texture used for a silicon substrate. This stamp is then printed in a resin
beforehand deposited on the mc-Si surface. The transfer of the inverted pyramid shape in the mc-Si is provided by
plasma etching, in such conditions that the pyramidal profile in the mc-Si has an amplified aspect ratio compared to
the stamp.
An absolute efficiency gain of 0.3 % was demonstrated on 100 mm x 100 mm mc-Si solar cells (16.5 % on reference
alkaline mc-Si texturised cells compared to 16.8 % on “imprint” mc-Si textured cells). These results are promising,
but still below those expected in terms of efficiency due to losses in Voc. The objective is to obtain an absolute
efficiency gain of 1%, which could be obtained if the reflectivity gain is completely transformed in efficiency gain.
Conformal Texturing of Sub-Wavelength Antireflection Structures on Multi-Crystalline Silicon Substrates by Liquid Transfer Nanoimprint Lithography
Creators: name: Kim, J.W.
name: Koo, N.
name: Plachetka, U.
name: Moormann, C.
name: Windgassen, H.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1881-1884
description: In this work, we demonstrate applicability of the newly developed patterning method termed
“Liquid transfer imprint lithography” (LTIL), an advanced derivative of soft UV nanoimprint lithography (soft
UV-NIL), for texturing sub-wavelength antireflection structures on multi-crystalline silicon (mc-Si) substrate.
Spin coating utilized texturing methods on non-flat surface suffer from irregular resist patterning and
consequential defects during pattern transfer. A homogenous residual layer, which is perquisite for uniform
pattern transfer is demonstrated using LTIL and compared with the result using soft UV-NIL. The patterned
substrates were subsequently etched with reactive ion etching process. The textured mc-Si substrate showed a
weighted reflectance of 5% in the wavelength of 300nm to 1100nm.
Additional file 3 of Fluorescent cystoscopy-assisted en bloc transurethral resection versus conventional transurethral resection in patients with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer: study protocol of a prospective, open-label, randomized control trial (the FLEBER study)
Creators: name: Miyake, Makito
name: Nishimura, Nobutaka
name: Inoue, Takashi
name: Suzuki, Shota
name: Fujii, Tomomi
name: Owari, Takuya
name: Shunta Hori
name: Nakai, Yasushi
name: Toritsuka, Michihiro
name: Nakagawa, Hitoshi
name: Tsukamoto, Shinji
name: Anai, Satoshi
name: Torimoto, Kazumasa
name: Yoneda, Tatsuo
name: Nobumichi Tanaka
name: Kiyohide Fujimoto
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 3. The explanatory document translated to English (the original document is written in Japanese).
Cross-match between the latest Swift-BAT and Fermi-LAT catalogs
Creators: name: Tsuji, Naomi
name: Yoneda, Hiroki
name: Inoue, Yoshiyuki
name: Aramaki, Tsuguo
name: Karagiorgi, Georgia
name: Mukherjee, Reshmi
name: Odaka, Hirokazu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the results of a cross-match study between the hard X-ray and GeV gamma-ray catalogs, by making use of the latest 105-month Swift-BAT and 10-yr Fermi-LAT catalogs, respectively. The spatial cross-matching between the two catalogs results in the matching of 132 point-like sources, including ~5% of false-match sources. Additionally, 24 sources that have been identified as the same identifications are matched. Among the 75 extended sources in the Fermi-LAT catalog, 31 sources have spatial coincidences with at least one Swift-BAT source inside their extent. All the matched sources consist of blazars (>60%), pulsars and pulsar wind nebulae (~13%), radio galaxies (~7%), binaries (~5%), and others. Compared to the original catalogs, the matched sources are characterized by a double-peaked photon index distribution, higher flux, and larger gamma-ray variability index. This difference arises from the different populations of sources, particularly the large proportion of blazars (i.e., FSRQ and BL Lac). We also report 13 cross-matched and unidentified sources. The matched sources in this study would be promising in the intermediate energy band between the hard X-ray and GeV gamma-ray observations, that is the unexplored MeV gamma-ray domain.
description: 29 pages, 8 figures, 5 tables, accepted for publication in ApJ
Initial Performance Degradation of an a-Si/a-Si Tandem PV Array
Creators: name: Phinikarides, A.
name: Makrides, G.
name: Georghiou, G.E.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
PV Modules

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 3267-3270
description: The initial performance degradation of an a-Si/a-Si tandem PV array has been analysed using
temperature corrected dc maximum power point (mpp) measurements from a 1 kWp system, Pmpp,dc, and periodic
ratings at STC, Pmpp,STC, of a separate, field exposed module. The measurements from the PV system showed a 16.9%
percentage reduction of the Pmpp,dc from the initial unstabilized Pmpp,dc in the first 3 months of operation. In the next 4
months, a further 8.6% reduction was observed. The indoor measurements at STC showed comparable results;
13.66% reduction of the Pmpp,STC in the first 3 months and 6.95% in the next 4 months. It is evident then, that there
was rapid degradation during the first 3 months of operation of the PV system, which was reduced in the subsequent
months.
Additional file 2 of Fluorescent cystoscopy-assisted en bloc transurethral resection versus conventional transurethral resection in patients with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer: study protocol of a prospective, open-label, randomized control trial (the FLEBER study)
Creators: name: Miyake, Makito
name: Nishimura, Nobutaka
name: Inoue, Takashi
name: Suzuki, Shota
name: Fujii, Tomomi
name: Owari, Takuya
name: Shunta Hori
name: Nakai, Yasushi
name: Toritsuka, Michihiro
name: Nakagawa, Hitoshi
name: Tsukamoto, Shinji
name: Anai, Satoshi
name: Torimoto, Kazumasa
name: Yoneda, Tatsuo
name: Nobumichi Tanaka
name: Kiyohide Fujimoto
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2. The consent form given to participants.
Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles in Tendon and Ligament Repair-A Systematic Review of In Vivo Studies.
Creators: name: Lu, Victor
name: Tennyson, Maria
name: Zhang, James
name: Khan, Wasim
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: mesenchymal stem cells
extracellular vesicles
tendon
ligament
collagen
biomechanics
macrophage

description: Tendon and ligament injury poses an increasingly large burden to society. This systematic review explores whether mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs) can facilitate tendon/ligament repair in vivo. On 26 May 2021, a systematic search was performed on PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Embase, to identify all studies that utilised MSC-EVs for tendon/ligament healing. Studies administering EVs isolated from human or animal-derived MSCs into in vivo models of tendon/ligament injury were included. In vitro, ex vivo, and in silico studies were excluded, and studies without a control group were excluded. Out of 383 studies identified, 11 met the inclusion criteria. Data on isolation, the characterisation of MSCs and EVs, and the in vivo findings in in vivo models were extracted. All included studies reported better tendon/ligament repair following MSC-EV treatment, but not all found improvements in every parameter measured. Biomechanics, an important index for tendon/ligament repair, was reported by only eight studies, from which evidence linking biomechanical alterations to functional improvement was weak. Nevertheless, the studies in this review showcased the safety and efficacy of MSC-EV therapy for tendon/ligament healing, by attenuating the initial inflammatory response and accelerating tendon matrix regeneration, providing a basis for potential clinical use in tendon/ligament repair.
Additional file 1 of Understanding constraints on integrated care for people with HIV and multimorbid cardiovascular conditions: an application of the Theoretical Domains Framework
Creators: name: Schexnayder, Julie
name: Longenecker, Chris T.
name: Muiruri, Charles
name: Bosworth, Hayden B.
name: Gebhardt, Daniel
name: Gonzales, Sarah E.
name: Hanson, Jan E.
name: Corrilynn O. Hileman
name: Nwora Lance Okeke
name: Sico, Isabelle P.
name: Vedanthan, Rajesh
name: Webel, Allison R.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1:. Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Studies (COREQ): 32-item Checklist
Weathering the Storm: How Foreign Aid and Institutions Affect Entrepreneurship Following Natural Disasters
Creators: name: Boudreaux, Christopher
name: Jha, Anand
name: Escaleras, Monica
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Economics (econ.GN)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This study examines how foreign aid and institutions affect entrepreneurship activity following natural disasters. We use insights from the entrepreneurship, development, and institutions literature to develop a model of entrepreneurship activity in the aftermath of natural disasters. First, we hypothesize the effect of natural disasters on entrepreneurship activity depends on the amount of foreign aid received. Second, we hypothesize that natural disasters and foreign aid either encourages or discourages entrepreneurship activity depending on two important institutional conditions: the quality of government and economic freedom. The findings from our panel of 85 countries from 2006 to 2016 indicate that natural disasters are negatively associated with entrepreneurship activity, but both foreign aid and economic freedom attenuate this effect. In addition, we observe that foreign aid is positively associated with entrepreneurship activity but only in countries with high quality government. Hence, we conclude that the effect of natural disasters on entrepreneurship depends crucially on the quality of government, economic freedom, and foreign aid. Our findings provide new insights into how natural disasters and foreign aid affect entrepreneurship and highlight the important role of the institutional context.
description: 38 pages, 3 figures, 4 tables
Spontaneous Resonances and the Coherent States of the Queuing Networks
Creators: name: Rybko, Alexander
name: Shlosman, Senya
name: Vladimirov, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 82C20, 60J25

description: We present an example of a highly connected closed network of servers, where the time correlations do not go to zero in the infinite volume limit. This phenomenon is similar to the continuous symmetry breaking at low temperatures in statistical mechanics. The role of the inverse temperature is played by the average load.
description: 3 figures added, small corrections
Additional file 1 of Global burden of active smoking among people living with HIV on antiretroviral therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Ale, Boni Maxime
name: Amahowe, Franck
name: Motto Malea Nganda
name: Danwang, Célestin
name: Wakaba, Nelly Njeri
name: Ateeq Almuwallad
name: Ale, Franck Biaou Guy
name: Alamou Sanoussi
name: Abdullahi, Suleiman Hudu
name: Bigna, Jean Joel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 1. Additional figures and tables.
Experimental study of the positive ion feedback from gas to liquid in a dual-phase argon chamber and measurement of the ion mobility in argon gas
Creators: name: Romero, Luciano
name: Santorelli, Roberto
name: García, Edgar Sánchez
name: Lux, Thorsten
name: Leyton, Michael
name: di Luise, Silvestro
name: Abia, Pablo García
name: Manzano, Rodrigo López
name: Cela-Ruiz, José Manuel
name: Quizhpi, Sebastián
name: Pesudo, Vicente
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dynamics of the positive ions created by particle interactions inside argon time projection chambers plays an important role in characterizing the next generation of massive detectors planned for the direct search for dark matter and the study of neutrino properties. We have constructed a 1 L liquid argon chamber (ARION: ARgon ION experiment) with a high voltage pulse generator capable of injecting, in a controlled manner, a sizeable ion current into the drift region. This chamber is capable of reproducing a volume charge similar to that found in large detectors, allowing its effects to be studied systematically. New experimental results regarding ion dynamics in the liquid and direct demonstration of ion feedback from the gas to the liquid are discussed in this paper. In addition, a novel technique to measure the drift velocity of argon ions is introduced along with preliminary results obtained in gas.
Optimisation of Surface Textures in Thin-Film Silicon Solar Cells with 3D Optical Modelling by Considering Realistic Layer Growth
Creators: name: Sever, M.
name: Lipovsek, B.
name: Krc, J.
name: Topic, M.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Thin Film Solar Cells
Amorphous and Microcrystalline Silicon Solar Cells

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2129-2131
description: Rigorous optical simulations were carried out in order to optimize substrate texture in thin-film silicon
solar cells. Model of realistic layer growth has been developed enabling consideration of the change in surface
morphology from the substrate towards the front interfaces. The model was applied in 3-D optical simulations, using
finite element method to solve Maxwell’s equations. 2-D sinusoidal textures introduced by the substrate were optimized
in respect of highest gain in the photocurrent for the case of a-Si:H/μc-Si:H micromorph solar cell. The texture with
P = 1100 nm and h = 1050 nm is predicted to increase JSC in bottom solar cell by up to 75 %. Besides single sinusoidal
also more complex multi-component textures were analyzed by means of 2-D simulations for the case of single-junction
a-Si:H solar cell. We show that compared to single sinusoidal component, multi-component textures can lead to higher
photocurrents.
Testing AdS/CFT Drag and pQCD Heavy Quark Energy Loss
Creators: name: Horowitz, W. A.
name: Gyulassy, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present charm and bottom nuclear modification factors for RHIC and LHC using Standard Model perturbative QCD and recent AdS/CFT string drag energy loss models. We find that extreme extrapolations to LHC mask potential experimentally determinable differences in the individual $R_{AA}$s but that their ratio, $R_{AA}^c/R_{AA}^b$ as a function of transverse momentum is a remarkably robust observable for finding deviations from either theoretical framework.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures. Presented at the 20th International Conference on Ultra-Relativistic Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions: Quark Matter 2008 (QM2008), Jaipur, India, 4-10 Feb 2008
Report describing the requirements of tachometers such as the evaluation of existing tachometer measuring principles and their capabilities, and the procedure developed to calibrate tachometers with an uncertainty of 0.01 %
Creators: name: Song, Zihang
name: Weidinger, Paula
name: Vavrečka, Lukáš
name: Heller, Marcel
name: Fidelus, Janusz
name: Oliveira, Rafael S.
name: Zweiffel, Maximilian
name: Kananen, Timo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: WindEFCY
EMPIR
Horizon2020
19ENG08
Mechanical power measurement
Rotational speed transfer standard
Inclinometer

description: This report has been produced within the EMPIR project entitled Traceable Mechanical and Electrical Power Measurement for Efficiency Determination of Wind Turbines or 19ENG08 WindEFCY. More information about this collaborative research project can be found on the project’s website https://www.ptb.de/empir2020/windefcy/home/. This report describes the requirements of tachometers such as the evaluation of existing tachometer measuring principles and their capabilities, and the procedure developed to calibrate tachometers with an uncertainty of 0.01 %.
description: The project 19ENG08 – WindEFCY has received funding from the EMPIR programme co-financed by the Participating States and from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme.
Additional file 2 of Understanding constraints on integrated care for people with HIV and multimorbid cardiovascular conditions: an application of the Theoretical Domains Framework
Creators: name: Schexnayder, Julie
name: Longenecker, Chris T.
name: Muiruri, Charles
name: Bosworth, Hayden B.
name: Gebhardt, Daniel
name: Gonzales, Sarah E.
name: Hanson, Jan E.
name: Corrilynn O. Hileman
name: Nwora Lance Okeke
name: Sico, Isabelle P.
name: Vedanthan, Rajesh
name: Webel, Allison R.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2:. Interview Guides
Acetic Acid Production, Migration and Corrosion Effects in Ethylene-Vinyl-Acetate- (EVA-) Based PV Modules
Creators: name: Weber, U.
name: Eiden, R.
name: Strubel, C.
name: Sögding, T.
name: Heiss, M.
name: Zachmann, P.
name: Nattermann, K.
name: Engelmann, H.
name: Dethlefsen, A.
name: Lenck, N.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
PV Modules

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2992-2995
description: A method was developed to quantify acetic acid production in ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) down to
1 ng/g/min, and acetic acid production rates have been determined with and without UV light, and with varying
temperatures down to 40°C and up to 125°C; in addition, the influence of humidity was determined. Also, EVA’s from
different manufacturers were compared with respect to acetic acid production. In dependence of aging time, two features
in acetic acid production were observed: (1.) an initially higher production rate during the first 100 h and (2.) for an EVA
from a specific manufacturer a dramatic increase in acetic acid production rate after a certain aging time depending on the
aging conditions. The effects of acetic acid within a state-of-the-art crystalline silicon solar cell module are discussed
with respect to the acetic acid permeation properties of EVA and the corrosion of Sn and Cu which are common materials
used for cell and string connectors as well as the cell metallization.
Influence of Crucible and Coating on the Contamination of Directionally Solidified Silicon: First Results of the German Research Network „SolarWinS“
Creators: name: Kwapil, W.
name: Zuschlag, A.
name: Reis, I.
name: Schwirtlich, I.
name: Meyer, S.
name: Zierer, R.
name: Krain, R.
name: Kiessling, F.K.
name: Schumann, M.
name: Schmid, C.
name: Riepe, S.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Feedstock, Crystallisation and Wafering

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 627-635
description: The German research network “SolarWinS”, aiming at elucidating the fundamental limitation of
multicrystalline silicon for solar cells, investigates the interaction between the silicon and its environment during
solidification and cool-down. Ingots of format G1 were grown in standard industrial crucibles and in high-purity
crucibles made from fused silica, both coated with the same standard industrial silicon nitride coating. The
concentrations of many metallic elements are similar in both types of silicon blocks. Nevertheless, in comparison
with the standard ingot, the carrier lifetime in the high-purity ingot is significantly higher and the low-lifetime edge
region close to the crucible wall is smaller. These differences are attributed to the lower interstitial iron concentration
in the high-purity ingot which is a result of the interaction between the crucible, the silicon nitride coating and the
silicon: While the standard industrial crucible acts as an infinite Fe source, iron atoms can diffuse from the coating
into the high-purity crucible due to the favorable concentration gradients. Therefore, the silicon nitride coating
applied to the high-purity crucible acts as a depletable source for Fe. Modeling the iron distributions by two different
solutions of the Fickian diffusion equation succeeds at reproducing the main features of the observed metal
concentration distributions and carrier lifetime measurements.
The implementation of a humanities computer laboratory
Creators: name: Gray, Steven G.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The last 10 years have seen an explosion in the number of microcomputers available for use in the educational system. However, teachers have little experience in using microcomputers in the classroom and teachers' perceptions of this innovation have seldom been taken into account when implementing computers into the classroom. This case study was undertaken to delineate teachers' perceptions of computers during the implementation of a 14 computer English/Social Studies computer lab being installed as a teaching tool. Twelve teachers were interviewed during June 1985, just before the implementation of the lab, and again in June 1986, one year after the lab's implementation. The interviews were analysed to determine whether past experience influenced teachers' present perceptions of the usefulness of the new computer lab. The study found that Naive Users, or teachers with little or no experience with computers made more use of the computer lab as an aid in teaching the writing process than did Experienced Users who confined themselves to having students use the computer as an electronic typewriter. The study also found that the presence of an Aide to help students with the technical aspects of word processing freed the teachers to use the lab as writing tool without necessarily becoming technically proficient with the computer themselves. As computers become more common in the school system, it becomes important that teachers recognize and understand that these new tools are useful in helping to teach students to write. Otherwise computers may largely become a subject of study rather than a tool suitable for student use in many curricular areas.
On the Formation of Defect Clusters in Mc Silicon Solar Cells
Creators: name: Kohler, D.
name: Zuschlag, A.
name: Seren, S.
name: Hahn, G.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Characterization and Modelling

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 719-722
description: Defect clusters in multicrystalline silicon can have a strong influence on the quality of the material and
the resulting solar cells. In this work we present an experimental approach to a better understanding of the formation
of two huge defect clusters. We explore large quantities of wafers and solar cells from the same brick. This enables us
to find the lateral and vertical positions where the formation of the clusters starts during crystallization.
Measurements of these solar cells including light-beam induced current (LBIC), optical scans and microscope images
of grain-selective etched wafers allow for a closer look. They are compared to EBSD measurements that provide
information about the grain boundary types as well as the grain orientations in this location. This offers a better
understanding of the cluster formation.
Algebras of integrals of motion for the Hamilton-Jacobi and Klein-Gordon-Fock equations in spacetime with a four-parameter groups of motions in the presence of an external electromagnetic field
Creators: name: Obukhov, V. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 83C10, 83C15, 83C20, 83C50

description: The algebras of the integrals of motion of the Hamilton-Jacobi and Klein-Gordon-Fock equations for a charged test particle moving in an external electromagnetic field in a spacetime manifold are found. The manifold admits a four-parameter groups of motions that act nontransitively on the spacetime. All admissible electromagnetic fields for which such algebras exist are found. In the case of an arbitrary n-dimensional Riemannian space on which the group of motions acts, it is proved that the admissible field does not deform the algebra of symmetry operators of the free Hamilton-Jacobi and Klein-Gordon-Fock equations. In addition, the system of differential equations, which must be satisfied by the potentials of the admissible electromagnetic field, have been investigated for compatibility.
description: 26 pages, submitted to Journal of Mathematical Physics
Bright correlated twin-beam generation and radiation shaping in high-gain parametric down-conversion with anisotropy
Creators: name: Riabinin, M.
name: Sharapova, P. R.
name: Meier, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Uniaxial anisotropy in nonlinear birefringent crystals limits the efficiency of nonlinear optical interactions and breaks the spatial symmetry of light generated in the parametric down-conversion (PDC) process. Therefore, this effect is usually undesirable and must be compensated for. However, high gain may be used to overcome the destructive role of anisotropy and instead to use it for the generation of bright two-mode correlated twin-beams. In this work, we provide a rigorous theoretical description of the spatial properties of bright squeezed light in the presence of strong anisotropy. We investigate a single-crystal and a two-crystal configuration and demonstrate the generation of bright correlated twin-beams in such systems at high gain due to anisotropy. We explore the mode structure of the generated light and show how anisotropy, together with crystal spacing, can be used for radiation shaping.
Additional file 1 of Wireless versus routine physiologic monitoring after cesarean delivery to reduce maternal morbidity and mortality in a resource-limited setting: protocol of type 2 hybrid effectiveness-implementation study
Creators: name: Boatin, Adeline A.
name: Ngonzi, Joseph
name: Wylie, Blair J.
name: Lugobe, Henry M.
name: Bebell, Lisa M.
name: Mugyenyi, Godfrey
name: Sudi Mohamed
name: Martinez, Kenia
name: Musinguzi, Nicholas
name: Psaros, Christina
name: Metlay, Joshua P.
name: Haberer, Jessica E.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1.
Engineering the spectral bandwidth of quantum cascade laser frequency combs
Creators: name: Beiser, Maximilian
name: Opačak, Nikola
name: Hillbrand, Johannes
name: Strasser, Gottfried
name: Schwarz, Benedikt
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum cascade lasers (QCLs) facilitate compact optical frequency comb sources that operate in the mid-infrared and terahertz spectral regions, where many molecules have their fundamental absorption lines. Enhancing the optical bandwidth of these chip-sized lasers is of paramount importance to address their application in broadband high-precision spectroscopy. In this work, we provide a numerical and experimental investigation of the comb spectral width and show how it can be optimized to obtain its maximum value defined by the laser gain bandwidth. The interplay of nonoptimal values of the resonant Kerr nonlinearity and the cavity dispersion can lead to significant narrowing of the comb spectrum and reveals the best approach for dispersion compensation. The implementation of high mirror losses is shown to be favourable and results in proliferation of the comb sidemodes. Ultimately, injection locking of QCLs by modulating the laser bias around the roundtrip frequency provides a stable external knob to control the FM comb state and recover the maximum spectral width of the unlocked laser state.
Timing measurements with a 3D silicon sensor on Timepix3 in a 180 GeV/c hadron beam
Creators: name: Heijhoff, K.
name: Akiba, K.
name: Bates, R.
name: van Beuzekom, M.
name: Bosch, P.
name: Colijn, A. P.
name: Geertsema, R.
name: Gromov, V.
name: Heidotting, M. L. E.
name: Hendrikx, L. S.
name: Hynds, D.
name: Snoek, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Test beam measurements have been carried out with a 3D sensor on a Timepix3 ASIC and the time measurements are presented. The measurements are compared to those of a thin planar sensor on Timepix3. It is shown that for a perpendicularly incident beam the time resolution of both detectors is dominated by the Timepix3 front-end. The 3D detector is dominated by the time-to-digital conversion whereas the analog front-end jitter also gives a significant contribution for the thin planar detector. The 3D detector reaches an overall time resolution of 567(6)ps compared to 683(8)ps for the thin planar detector. For a grazing angle beam, however, the thin planar detector achieves a better time resolution because it has a lower pixel capacitance, and therefore suffers less from jitter in the analog front-end for the low charge signals that mainly occur in this type of measurement. Finally, it is also shown that the 3D and thin planar detector can achieve time resolutions for large clusters of about 100ps and 250ps, respectively, by combining many single hit measurements.
Development and implementation of a time-based signal generation scheme for the Muon Chamber simulation of the CBM experiment at FAIR
Creators: name: Singhal, V.
name: Chatterjee, S.
name: Friese, V.
name: Chattopadhyay, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Compressed Baryonic Matter~(CBM) experiment in the upcoming Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research~(FAIR), designed to take data in nuclear collisions at very high interaction rates of up to 10 MHz, will employ a free-streaming data acquisition with self-triggered readout electronics, without any hardware trigger. A simulation framework with a realistic digitization of the detectors in the muon chamber (MuCh) subsystem in CBM has been developed to provide a realistic simulation of the time-stamped data stream. In this article, we describe the implementation of the free-streaming detector simulation and the basic data related effects on the detector with respect to the interaction rate.
Power law duality in classical and quantum mechanics
Creators: name: Inomata, Akira
name: Junker, Georg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Newton--Hooke duality and its generalization to arbitrary power laws in classical, semiclassical and quantum mechanics are discussed. We pursue a view that the power-law duality is a symmetry of the action under a set of duality operations. The power dual symmetry is defined by invariance and reciprocity of the action in the form of Hamilton's characteristic function. We find that the power-law duality is basically a classical notion and breaks down at the level of angular quantization. We propose an ad hoc procedure to preserve the dual symmetry in quantum mechanics. The energy-coupling exchange maps required as part of the duality operations that take one system to another lead to an energy formula that relates the new energy to the old energy. The transformation property of {the} Green function satisfying the radial Schrödinger equation yields a formula that relates the new Green function to the old one. The energy spectrum of the linear motion in a fractional power potential is semiclassically evaluated. We find a way to show the Coulomb--Hooke duality in the supersymmetric semiclassical action. We also study the confinement potential problem with the help of the dual structure of a two-term power potential.
description: 57 pages, 2 figures
Feature and conjunction information from brief visual displays
Creators: name: Grabowecky, Marcia F.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The feature integration theory of object perception (Treisman & Gelade, 1980) suggests that the perception of multidimensional stimuli requires that attention be serially directed to the items in a visual display in order to correctly conjoin features into objects, while the perception of features does not require serial attention. Under conditions in which the serial focusing of attention is disrupted by reducing display duration, available information about conjunctions of two features should not exceed the independent information available about the constituent features. Three experiments using a partial report paradigm employing a location cue were conducted in order to test this prediction. Subjects viewed colored letter displays that varied in cue-display stimulus onset asynchrony. The dependent measure was accuracy of response. Results suggest that a small amount of information from a separate representation of conjunctions of features may be accessible.