cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Intrinsic Cluster-Shaped Density Waves in Cellular Dynamical Mean-Field Theory
Creators: name: Verret, S.
name: Roy, J.
name: Foley, A.
name: Charlebois, M.
name: Sénéchal, D.
name: Tremblay, A. -M. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is well known that cellular dynamical mean-field theory (CDMFT) leads to the artificial breaking of translation invariance. In spite of this, it is one of the most successful methods to treat strongly correlated electrons systems. Here, we investigate in more detail how this broken translation invariance manifests itself. This allows to disentangle artificial broken translation invariance effects from the genuine strongly correlated effects captured by CDMFT. We report artificial density waves taking the shape of the cluster---cluster density waves---in all our zero temperature CDMFT solutions, including pair density waves in the superconducting state. We discuss the limitations of periodization regarding this phenomenon, and we present mean-field density-wave models that reproduce CDMFT results at low energy in the superconducting state. We then discuss how these artificial density waves help the agreement of CDMFT with high temperature superconducting cuprates regarding the low-energy spectrum, in particular for subgap structures observed in tunnelling microscopy. We relate these subgap structures to nodal and anti-nodal gaps in our results, similar to those observed in photoemission experiments. This fortuitous agreement suggests that spatial inhomogeneity may be a key ingredient to explain some features of the low-energy underdoped spectrum of cuprates with strongly correlated methods. This work deepens our understanding of CDMFT and clearly identifies signatures of broken translation invariance in the presence of strong correlations.
description: 14 pages, 7 figures
MOESM1 of Health comorbidities and cognitive abilities across the lifespan in Down syndrome
Creators: name: Startin, Carla
name: Dâ€™Souza, Hana
name: Ball, George
name: Hamburg, Sarah
name: Hithersay, Rosalyn
name: Hughes, Kate
name: Massand, Esha
name: Karmiloff-Smith, Annette
name: Thomas, Michael
name: Strydom, Andre
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mental Health
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Observed counts and rates for psychiatric comorbidities split by sex and age bands
Observations of giant outbursts from Cygnus X-1
Creators: name: Golenetskii, S.
name: Aptekar, R.
name: Frederiks, D.
name: Mazets, E.
name: Palshin, V.
name: Hurley, K.
name: Cline, T.
name: Stern, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present interplanetary network localization, spectral, and time history information for 7 episodes of exceptionally intense gamma-ray emission from Cygnus X-1. The outbursts occurred between 1995 and 2003, with durations up to \~28000 seconds. The observed 15 - 300 keV peak fluxes and fluences reached 3E-7 erg /cm2 s, and 8E-4 erg / cm2 respectively. By combining the triangulations of these outbursts we derive an ~1700 square arcminute (3 sigma) error ellipse which contains Cygnus X-1 and no other known high energy sources. The outbursts reported here occurred both when Cyg X-1 was in the hard state as well as in the soft one, and at various orbital phases. The spectral data indicate that these outbursts display the same parameters as those of the underlying hard and soft states, suggesting that they represent another manifestation of these states.
description: 27 pages, 9 figures. Revised version. Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal, tentatively scheduled for October 20, 2003 Part 1
Electronic Structure of Ta$_2$O$_5$ Polymorphs: Variation Trend of Band Gap and the Role of Oxygen Vacancies
Creators: name: Tang, Hui-Min
name: Yang, Yong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide a systematic study on the electronic structure of a series of Ta$_2$O$_5$ polymorphs using standard density functional theory (DFT) calculations as well as the more accurate many-body perturbation theory within the GW approximation. For the defect-free polymorphs, the variation trend of band gap can be microscopically related to the strength of orbital hybridization, and to the macroscopic bulk formation energy. The presence of oxygen vacancies is found to have profound effects on the electronic properties near the Fermi level, notably the reduction of band gap and gap closure (insulator-to-metal transition). Furthermore, depending on the vacancy sites, the band gap of some defective system may be enlarged with comparison to its defect-free counterpart. Such an anomalous behavior originates from the unexpected formation of Ta-Ta bonds.
description: 32 pages, 9 figures, 3 tables
The Farming Systems of the Texizapan Watershed, Sierra de Santa Marta, Veracruz, Mexico
Creators: name: Rice, Elizabeth
name: Erenstein, Olaf
name: Godinez, Lourdes
name: Rice, Elizabeth
name: Erenstein, Olaf
name: Godinez, Lourdes
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
International Development

description: The main farming systems of the Texizapan watershed in southern Veracruz, Mexico (200-1,640 meters above sea level) were characterized through a formal survey in 1995. Farm-level data included an inventory resources (human, land,and capital), their use, and resource flows (both intra-and inter-household). Field-level data particularly on input use and production, were gathered for the two major crops, maize and coffee. Maize was the main food crop, grown by all households. Coffee was the main cash crop, but production was limited to higher elevations. The maize cropping system was relatively land extensive and labor intensive;all practices were entirely manual. External input was relatively limited, emphasizing herbicides. Half the farmers reported using fertilizers, but levels were generally low and the use of improved maize varieties rare. All farmers used burning as a land preparation practice prior to maize planting. Maize yields in the main season averaged less than 1 t/ha. Maize production in the minor season was more widespread than previously thought, although yields were extremely low. Given the low yields, high labor input, and limited external input use, returns to maize cultivation were low. Even so, maize cultivation was expected to continue in the study area, in view of the households' consumption needs and limited alternative income opportunities. Half the sample reported being net consumers f maize, and the need to purchase beans- the major protein source- was even more widespread. In view of the limited number of other food sources available locally and constraints on disposable income, the nutritional status of the households warrants closer attention. The major challenge facing producers was that of sustainably raising productivity to provide for consumption and other needs.
Revisiting regression adjustment in experiments with heterogeneous treatment effects
Creators: name: Akanksha Negi
name: Wooldridge, Jeffrey M.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: In the context of random sampling, we show that linear full (separate) regression adjustment (FRA) on the control and treatment groups is, asymptotically, no less efficient than both the simple difference-in-means estimator and the pooled regression adjustment estimator; with heterogeneous treatment effects, FRA is usually strictly more efficient. We also propose a class of nonlinear regression adjustment estimators where consistency is ensured despite arbitrary misspecification of the conditional mean function. A simulation study confirms that nontrivial efficiency gains are possible with linear FRA, and that further gains are possible, even under severe mean misspecification, using nonlinear FRA.
Charge Screening at First Order Phase Transitions
Creators: name: Voskresensky, D. N.
name: Yasuhira, M.
name: Tatsumi, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Possibility of structured mixed phases at first order phase transitions is examined with taking into account of charge screening and surface effects. Hadron-quark phase transition in dense neutron star interior is considered, as concrete example.
description: 15 pages, 1 figure
Additional file 3 of Deciphering the temporal heterogeneity of cancer-associated fibroblast subpopulations in breast cancer
Creators: name: Venning, Freja Albjerg
name: Zornhagen, Kamilla Westarp
name: Wullkopf, Lena
name: Sjölund, Jonas
name: Rodriguez-Cupello, Carmen
name: Kjellman, Pontus
name: Morsing, Mikkel
name: Hajkarim, Morteza Chalabi
name: Won, Kyoung Jae
name: Erler, Janine Terra
name: Madsen, Chris Denis
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 3: Supplementary Figure 3. Validation of our CAF marker gene panel in single cell gene expression datasets. A) UMAP of mouse mammary gland cells (data from [27]) color-coded by major cell lineages. B) Violin plots showing the log-normalized expression levels of CAF marker genes in mouse mammary gland cell types. C) The average Z-score of ACTA2, FAP, PDGFRA, PDGFRB, CD26/DPP4 and PDPN overlaid on the single cell mouse mammary gland UMAP plot from A). D) Violin plot of the expression levels of the average Z-score of ACTA2, FAP, PDGFRA, PDGFRB, CD26/DPP4 and PDPN in mouse mammary gland cell types. E) Representation of 14 human breast cancers (data from [15]) in UMAP space coloured according to cell type. F) The average Z-score of ACTA2, FAP, PDGFRA, PDGFRB, CD26/DPP4 and PDPN overlaid on UMAP as in E). Green colour bar, average Z-score. G) Violin plot indicating the distribution of the CAF signature (ACTA2, FAP, PDGFRA, PDGFRB, CD26/DPP4 and PDPN) Z-score in breast cancer cell types. H) UMAP of five primary human breast cancer samples (data from [18]) coloured according to cell type. I) Expression level of the average Z-score of our CAF panel plotted onto the UMAP from H). Green colour bar, average Z-score. J) Violin plot displaying the expression of the CAF marker Z-score gene signature across all cell types annotated in this dataset.
High Thermoelectric Performance in Two-Dimensional Tellurium: An Ab Initio Study
Creators: name: Gao, Zhibin
name: Liu, Gang
name: Ren, Jie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In 2016, bulk tellurium was experimentally observed as a remarkable thermoelectric material. Recently, two-dimensional (2D) tellurium, called tellurene, has been synthesized and has exhibited unexpected electronic properties compared with the 2D MoS$_2$. They have also been fabricated into air-stable and high efficient field-effect transistors. There are two stable 2D tellurene phases. One ($β$-Te) has been confirmed with an ultralow lattice thermal conductivity ($κ_L$). However, the study of the transport properties of the other more stable phase, $α$-Te, is still lacking. Here, we report the thermoelectric performance and phonon properties of $α$-Te using Boltzmann transport theory and first principle calculations. A maximum ZT value of 0.83 is achieved under reasonable hole concentration, suggesting that the monolayer $α$-Te is a potential competitor in the thermoelectric field.
description: 14 pages, 5 figures
Cylindrostethus bilobatus Kuitert 1942
Creators: name: Moreira, Felipe Ferraz Figueiredo
name: Barbosa, Julianna Freires
name: Ribeiro, José Ricardo Inacio
name: Alecrim, Viviani Pereira
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Gerridae
Cylindrostethus
Cylindrostethus bilobatus

description: Cylindrostethus bilobatus Kuitert, 1942
Geographical distribution: Brazil and Bolivia.
Comments: The species was described from Bolivia and later recorded from Brazil in a checklist of the genus provided by Drake (1952b), without locality detail. Considering its distribution, it is more likely to be found in North and/or Central-West regions.
description: Published as part of Moreira, Felipe Ferraz Figueiredo, Barbosa, Julianna Freires, Ribeiro, José Ricardo Inacio & Alecrim, Viviani Pereira, 2011, Checklist and distribution of semiaquatic and aquatic Heteroptera (Gerromorpha and Nepomorpha) occurring in Brazil 2958, pp. 1-74 in Zootaxa 2958 (1) on page 6, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2958.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5281851
The Wheat Breeding Industry in Developing Countries: An Analysis of Investments and Impacts
Creators: name: Bohn, A.
name: Byerlee, D
name: CIMMYT
name: Bohn, A.
name: Byerlee, D
name: CIMMYT
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1993
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
International Development

description: This report presents information on the level of investment in wheat breeding research in developing countries and the impact of that research, and discusses issues related to assessing returns to wheat improvement research and improving research efficiency. In 1990, the total estimated investment in wheat improvement research in developing countries was US$ 96 million. Expressed in another way, developing countries spent about US$ 0.40 per ton of wheat on improvement research, or about 0.3% of the value of production. This research has had a considerable impact in the developing world. Modern varieties of wheat cover 70% of the developing country wheat area, and many farmers have replaced older improved varieties with newer ones. Research on improved spring bread wheat varieties alone has contributed an additional US$ 3 billion in benefits in developing countries in the past decade. however, results of this study suggest that national agricultural research programs have considerable scope to utilize research resources more efficiently, by rationalizing the number and size of wheat research programs and by examining opportunities to import technology or collaborate with countries sharing similar production environments.
On the Effectiveness of Large Language Models in Domain-Specific Code Generation
Creators: name: Gu, Xiaodong
name: Chen, Meng
name: Lin, Yalan
name: Hu, Yuhan
name: Zhang, Hongyu
name: Wan, Chengcheng
name: Wei, Zhao
name: Xu, Yong
name: Wang, Juhong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Large language models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT have shown remarkable capabilities in code generation. Despite significant achievements, they rely on enormous training data to acquire a broad spectrum of open-domain knowledge. Besides, their evaluation revolves around open-domain benchmarks like HumanEval, which primarily consist of programming contests. Therefore, it is hard to fully characterize the intricacies and challenges associated with particular domains (e.g., web, game, and math). In this paper, we conduct an in-depth study of the LLMs in domain-specific code generation. Our results demonstrate that LLMs exhibit sub-optimal performance in generating domain-specific code, due to their limited proficiency in utilizing domain-specific libraries. We further observe that incorporating API knowledge as prompts can empower LLMs to generate more professional code. Based on these findings, we further investigate how to effectively incorporate API knowledge into the code generation process. We experiment with three strategies for incorporating domain knowledge, namely, external knowledge inquirer, chain-of-thought prompting, and chain-of-thought fine-tuning. We refer to these strategies as a new code generation approach called DomCoder. Experimental results show that all strategies of DomCoder lead to improvement in the effectiveness of domain-specific code generation under certain settings.
description: Accepted by the ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology (TOSEM 2024)
The legal framework for Fiscal Decentralization
Creators: name: Befekadu, Degefe
name: Befekadu, Degefe
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: Production Economics
subject: Decentralization-Ethiopia-1992

description: The paper critically examines the system of fiscal decentralization in Ethiopia as defined in proclamation 33 of 1992 from the legal point of view and precipitates the political and economic impacts thereof. Its findings are that the system is ambiguous, internally inconsistent and conflicts with the political paradigm of federalism as provided for by the different legislations including the Charter of the Transition period.
Signatures of Wannier-Stark and surface states in electron tunneling and related phenomena: Electron transmission through a tilted band
Creators: name: Onipko, Alexander
name: Malysheva, Lyuba
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Predicted by Wannier in 1960 band states quantization in a constant electric field, $E_n$ = const $\pm n {\cal E}$, where $n =0$, 1, 2, ..., and ${\cal E}$ is proportional to the strength of electric field [this kind of spectrum is commonly referred as the Wannier-Stark ladder (WSL)], implies that the probability of tunneling through a tilted band should have ${\cal E}$ spaced peaks, at least, under the weak coupling of the band states to the source and drain electrodes. It has been shown, however, (Phys. Rev. B {\bf 63}, ..., 2001), that the appearance of the canonical WSL is preceded by WSLs with other level spacing, namely, ${\cal E}_{m'/m}/(1-2m'/m)$, where $m$ and $m'< m/2$ are positive integers specifying certain applied voltage. Here we show that canonical and noncanonical WSLs, in addition to different peak spacing in the transmission spectrum, have other pronouncedly distinctive features. As an example, for the former, the peak and valley tunneling probability decays exponentially with the increase of applied voltage. The corresponding exponents are given by the sum and difference of two Fowler-Nordheim-type exponents implying an anomalous increase of the peak-to-valley ratio. These and other signatures of extended states (es), surface localized states (sls), and Wannier-Stark (WS) states in the through tilted band transmission spectrum are discussed on the basis of (derived for the first time) nearly exact explicit expressions of es-, sls-, and WS states assisted tunneling probability.
description: 18 pages, 7 figures included
Modern FPGA placement techniques with hardware acceleration
Creators: name: Dhar, Shounak
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2019
Subjects: FPGA
GPU
Placement
Hardware acceleration
Global placement
Detailed placement
EDA
CAD

description: In deep sub-micron technology nodes, Application-Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs) are becoming expensive to design and manufacture. For this reason, Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), which are general purpose and flexible programmable hardware, are gaining more design wins in low volume and fast evolving applications. Modern FPGAs are becoming popular in high performance data analytics, search engines, autonomous cars, communication and networking applications. FPGAs are also accompanied with a complete Computer-Aided Design (CAD) toolchain, that is used to optimally map and fit the design applications or workloads onto the underlying target FPGA device. These design applications mapped onto the FPGA demand high maximum achievable clock frequency (Fmax) and low power consumption while maintaining a low compilation time, which is a major hindrance in widespread adoption of FPGAs. The focus of this Ph.D. dissertation is the placement problem for FPGAs, which takes a major portion of the FPGA CAD tool runtime. A new algorithm for spreading cells during FPGA global placement is proposed, which achieves better wirelength and routing congestion and takes less runtime than the algorithm used in the state-of-the-art academic FPGA placer. We also propose FPGA acceleration of various subsystems of an analytic global placement algorithm, including wirelength gradient computation and spreading, which achieves significant speedup over the multi-threaded CPU version. A new detailed placement algorithm is proposed, which offers better tradeoff between quality and runtime compared to existing methods. This algorithm is also accelerated on a GPU and an FPGA, achieving significant speedup over multi-threaded CPU implementation. Another detailed placement algorithm is also proposed which physically re-aligns timing critical paths and improves Fmax with minimal runtime overhead. Both of these algorithms for detailed placement have shown good results on industrial benchmarks and have been integrated into an industrial FPGA CAD tool flow
A Theory of Non_Gaussian Option Pricing
Creators: name: Borland, Lisa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Pricing of Securities (q-fin.PR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Option pricing formulas are derived from a non-Gaussian model of stock returns. Fluctuations are assumed to evolve according to a nonlinear Fokker-Planck equation which maximizes the Tsallis nonextensive entropy of index $q$. A generalized form of the Black-Scholes differential equation is found, and we derive a martingale measure which leads to closed form solutions for European call options. The standard Black-Scholes pricing equations are recovered as a special case ($q = 1$). The distribution of stock returns is well-modelled with $q$ circa 1.5. Using that value of $q$ in the option pricing model we reproduce the volatility smile. The partial derivatives (or Greeks) of the model are also calculated. Empirical results are demonstrated for options on Japanese Yen futures. Using just one value of $σ$ across strikes we closely reproduce market prices, for expiration times ranging from weeks to several months.
description: Published version, revised
Additional file 4 of Deciphering the temporal heterogeneity of cancer-associated fibroblast subpopulations in breast cancer
Creators: name: Venning, Freja Albjerg
name: Zornhagen, Kamilla Westarp
name: Wullkopf, Lena
name: Sjölund, Jonas
name: Rodriguez-Cupello, Carmen
name: Kjellman, Pontus
name: Morsing, Mikkel
name: Hajkarim, Morteza Chalabi
name: Won, Kyoung Jae
name: Erler, Janine Terra
name: Madsen, Chris Denis
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 4: Supplementary Figure 4. Cell population sizes across tumour type without time dimension to see biological variance. A) Percentage of CAF+ cells expressing the respective CAF marker. All plots show three independent repeats combined as Tukey style box and whisker plots, with a line denoting the median and a ‘+‘denoting the mean.
MOESM5 of Systematic review and meta-analysis of tick-borne disease risk factors in residential yards, neighborhoods, and beyond
Creators: name: Fischhoff, Ilya
name: Bowden, Sarah
name: Keesing, Felicia
name: Ostfeld, Richard
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 5: Table S3. Estimated mean values, log values, and confidence intervals for each specific variable across all studies and spatial categories, including variables associated with both disease and tick bites. The table indicates those variables for which the 95% confidence intervals exclude one.
Supplementary document for Dynamically Tunable Transimissive Color Filters using Ultra-thin Phase Change Materials - 4879837.pdf
Creators: name: He, Qiang
name: Youngblood, Nathan
name: Cheng, Zengguang
name: Miao, Xiangshui
name: Bhaskaran, Harish
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2020
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supplemental Document 1
Does a Nutritious Diet Cost More in Food Deserts?
Creators: name: Fan, Linlin
name: Baylis, Kathy
name: Gundersen, Craig
name: Ver Ploeg, Michele
name: Fan, Linlin
name: Baylis, Kathy
name: Gundersen, Craig
name: Ver Ploeg, Michele
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: food deserts
subject: food price
subject: price indices
subject: product variety
subject: nutritious diet

description: Food deserts and their potential effects on diet and nutrition have received much attention from policymakers. While some research has found a correlation between food deserts and consumer outcomes, it is unclear whether food deserts truly affect consumer choices. In this article, we compare food prices in food deserts, defined as low-income, low-access census tracts, and nonfood deserts to observe whether and to what extent consumers face higher prices for a complete diet in food deserts. If a nutritionally complete diet costs significantly more in food deserts, resident consumers may be constrained from consuming healthier foods. We use data on storelevel sales from a nationally representative sample and calculate a census-tract level Exact Price Index (EPI) based on a food basket defined by the Thrifty Food Plan (TFP). The EPI addresses potential biases from both product heterogeneity and variety availability. We have three central findings. First, prices for common foods are not significantly different between food deserts and non-food deserts. Second, after controlling for differential access to food variety, we find that the EPI in food deserts is 3% to 5% higher than similar census tracts with more store access and 4% higher than low-access census tracts with higher income. Third, the higher EPI in food deserts is largely driven by the lack of supermarkets nearby.
Host galaxies of z ~ 4.7 QSOs
Creators: name: Hutchings, J. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: 2 micron broad- and narrow-band imaging with the Gemini-N telescope of five z~4.7 QSOs, has resolved both the host galaxies and [O II] emission-line gas. The resolved fluxes of the host galaxies fall within the extrapolated spread of the K-z relationship for radio galaxies at lower redshifts, and their resolved morphology is irregular. The [O II] images indicate knots coincident with many continuum features and also some bright jet-like features near the nucleus. The line emission total fluxes indicate overall equivalent widths of 5 to 10 A at rest wavelengths. Two of the QSOs are in a local environment of faint galaxies of similar magnitude to the hosts, and three have nearby galaxies with excess narrow-band flux, which would be [O II] if they are at the QSO redshift.
description: 18 pages, including 2 tables. 5 diagrams. To appear in AJ
The Case for a High-Redshift Origin of GRB100205A
Creators: name: Chrimes, A. A.
name: Levan, A. J.
name: Stanway, E. R.
name: Berger, E.
name: Bloom, J. S.
name: Cenko, S. B.
name: Cobb, B. E.
name: Cucchiara, A.
name: Fruchter, A. S.
name: Gompertz, B. P.
name: Hjorth, J.
name: Jakobsson, P.
name: Lyman, J. D.
name: O'Brien, P.
name: Perley, D. A.
name: Tanvir, N. R.
name: Wheatley, P. J.
name: Wiersema, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The number of long gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) known to have occurred in the distant Universe (z greater than 5) is small (approx 15), however these events provide a powerful way of probing star formation at the onset of galaxy evolution. In this paper, we present the case for GRB100205A being a largely overlooked high-redshift event. While initially noted as a high-z candidate, this event and its host galaxy have not been explored in detail. By combining optical and near-infrared Gemini afterglow imaging (at t less than 1.3 days since burst) with deep late-time limits on host emission from the Hubble Space Telescope, we show that the most likely scenario is that GRB100205A arose in the redshift range 4-8. GRB100205A is an example of a burst whose afterglow, even at 1 hour post-burst, could only be identified by 8m class IR observations, and suggests that such observations of all optically dark bursts may be necessary to significantly enhance the number of high-redshift GRBs known.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Cylindrostethus hungerfordi Drake & Harris 1934
Creators: name: Moreira, Felipe Ferraz Figueiredo
name: Barbosa, Julianna Freires
name: Ribeiro, José Ricardo Inacio
name: Alecrim, Viviani Pereira
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Gerridae
Cylindrostethus
Cylindrostethus hungerfordi

description: Cylindrostethus hungerfordi Drake & Harris, 1934
Geographical distribution: Guyana, Suriname, and Brazil.
Distribution in Brazil: North Region (PA) (Nieser 1970c).
description: Published as part of Moreira, Felipe Ferraz Figueiredo, Barbosa, Julianna Freires, Ribeiro, José Ricardo Inacio & Alecrim, Viviani Pereira, 2011, Checklist and distribution of semiaquatic and aquatic Heteroptera (Gerromorpha and Nepomorpha) occurring in Brazil 2958, pp. 1-74 in Zootaxa 2958 (1) on page 6, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2958.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5281851
Additional file 3 of Exome-based investigation of the genetic basis of human pigmentary glaucoma
Creators: name: van der Heide, Carly
name: Goar, Wes
name: Meyer, Kacie J.
name: Alward, Wallace L. M.
name: Boese, Erin A.
name: Sears, Nathan C.
name: Roos, Ben R.
name: Kwon, Young H.
name: DeLuca, Adam P.
name: Siggs, Owen M.
name: Gonzaga-Jauregui, Claudia
name: Sheffield, Val C.
name: Wang, Kai
name: Stone, Edwin M.
name: Mullins, Robert F.
name: Anderson, Michael G.
name: Fan, Bao Jian
name: Ritch, Robert
name: Craig, Jamie E.
name: Wiggs, Janey L.
name: Scheetz, Todd E.
name: Fingert, John H.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 3: Supplementary Table 3. Secondary analysis: mutations detected in whole exome analysis.
Two-Loop Helicity Amplitudes for Gluon-Gluon Scattering in QCD and Supersymmetric Yang-Mills Theory
Creators: name: Bern, Zvi
name: De Freitas, Abilio
name: Dixon, Lance
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the two-loop helicity amplitudes for the scattering of two gluons into two gluons in QCD, which are relevant for next-to-next-to-leading order corrections to jet production at hadron colliders. We give the results in the `t Hooft-Veltman and four-dimensional helicity variants of dimensional regularization. Summing our expressions over helicities and colors, and converting to conventional dimensional regularization, gives results in complete agreement with those of Glover, Oleari and Tejeda-Yeomans. We also present the amplitudes for 2 to 2 scattering in pure N=1 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory.
description: 55 pages, 3 figures, corrected remark below eq. (4.33), other minor changes, version appearing in JHEP
Testing popularity in linear time via maximum matching
Creators: name: Bérczi-Kovács, Erika
name: Kosztolányi, Kata
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Popularity is an approach in mechanism design to find fair structures in a graph, based on the votes of the nodes. Popular matchings are the relaxation of stable matchings: given a graph G=(V,E) with strict preferences on the neighbors of the nodes, a matching M is popular if there is no other matching M' such that the number of nodes preferring M' is more than those preferring M. This paper considers the popularity testing problem, when the task is to decide whether a given matching is popular or not. Previous algorithms applied reductions to maximum weight matchings. We give a new algorithm for testing popularity by reducing the problem to maximum matching testing, thus attaining a linear running time O(|E|).
 Linear programming-based characterization of popularity is often applied for proving the popularity of a certain matching. As a consequence of our algorithm we derive a more structured dual witness than previous ones. Based on this result we give a combinatorial characterization of fractional popular matchings, which are a special class of popular matchings.
Cylindrostethus erythropus
Creators: name: Moreira, Felipe Ferraz Figueiredo
name: Barbosa, Julianna Freires
name: Ribeiro, José Ricardo Inacio
name: Alecrim, Viviani Pereira
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Gerridae
Cylindrostethus
Cylindrostethus erythropus

description: Cylindrostethus erythropus (Herrich-Schäffer, 1850)
Geographical distribution: Colombia, Brazil, Ecuador, and Peru.
 Distribution in Brazil: North Region (PA, AM, RO) (Drake & Harris 1934; Kuitert 1942; Nieser 1970c; Teran et al. 1995).
description: Published as part of Moreira, Felipe Ferraz Figueiredo, Barbosa, Julianna Freires, Ribeiro, José Ricardo Inacio & Alecrim, Viviani Pereira, 2011, Checklist and distribution of semiaquatic and aquatic Heteroptera (Gerromorpha and Nepomorpha) occurring in Brazil 2958, pp. 1-74 in Zootaxa 2958 (1) on page 6, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2958.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5281851
The John L. Dillon Memorial Lecture 2010: The rise and fall of farm management as an academic discipline: an autobiographical perspective
Creators: name: Hardaker, J. Brian
name: Hardaker, J. Brian
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: Farm Management

description: The title relates to the title of the Inaugural Lecture of the Late Professor John L Dillon, Foundation Professor of Farm Management at UNE, in whose memory this lecture series was established. The author has been involved in the farm management discipline for more than 50 years. He reflects on the nature and origins of the discipline and outlines some key aspects of its evolution. The discipline boomed in the 1960s and 70s, both internationally and at UNE. Yet it has fallen into relative decline subsequently. He suggests some of the reasons for the decline, focussing particularly on issues in Australia. He discusses the need for a revival in a world in which food security is likely to be an increasingly serious problem. He concludes with thoughts about the prospects and prerequisites for a revival of the discipline.
Pion Valence Structure from Ioffe Time Pseudo-Distributions
Creators: name: Joó, Bálint
name: Karpie, Joseph
name: Orginos, Kostas
name: Radyushkin, Anatoly V.
name: Richards, David G.
name: Sufian, Raza Sabbir
name: Zafeiropoulos, Savvas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a calculation of the pion valence quark distribution extracted using the formalism of reduced Ioffe time pseudo-distributions or more commonly known as pseudo-PDFs. Our calculation is carried out on two different 2+1 flavor QCD ensembles using the isotropic-clover fermion action, with lattice dimensions $24^3\times 64$ and $32^3\times 96$ at the lattice spacing of $a=0.127$ fm, and with the quark mass equivalent to a pion mass of $m_π\simeq 415$ MeV. We incorporate several combinations of smeared-point and smeared-smeared pion source-sink interpolation fields in obtaining the lattice QCD matrix elements using the summation method. After one-loop perturbative matching and combining the pseudo-distributions from these two ensembles, we extract the pion valence quark distribution using a phenomenological functional form motivated by the global fits of parton distribution functions. We also calculate the lowest four moments of the pion quark distribution through the "OPE without OPE". We present a qualitative comparison between our lattice QCD extraction of the pion valence quark distribution with that obtained from global fits and previous lattice QCD calculations.
description: Version accepted by Phys. Rev. D , 18 pages, 14 figures
Additional file 5 of Deciphering the temporal heterogeneity of cancer-associated fibroblast subpopulations in breast cancer
Creators: name: Venning, Freja Albjerg
name: Zornhagen, Kamilla Westarp
name: Wullkopf, Lena
name: Sjölund, Jonas
name: Rodriguez-Cupello, Carmen
name: Kjellman, Pontus
name: Morsing, Mikkel
name: Hajkarim, Morteza Chalabi
name: Won, Kyoung Jae
name: Erler, Janine Terra
name: Madsen, Chris Denis
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 5: Supplementary Figure 5. CAF marker dynamics across time and tumour type within the Lin- population. A-F) Percent of cells positive for the respective CAF marker in healthy mammary fat pad (D0) and 4T1 and 4T07 tumours across the different time points. Tukey box plots of two (healthy samples) or three independent repeats (tumour samples) combined. The boundaries of the Tukey style box go from the 25th to the 75th percentile, and the median is depicted by a line. The whiskers extend from the value closest to the 25th percentile minus 1.5 times the interquartile range (IQR = difference between 25th to 75th percentile), to the value closest to the 75th percentile plus 1.5 x IQR. Any values outside this range is plotted as individual points. The healthy samples provide a D0 reference point, but all the statistics are only concerning the tumour samples. Fitting a straight line to the data, testing if one line fits both 4T1 and 4T07 tumours to indicate no difference, or if slope and/or y-intercept differ if two lines better capture the dataset. Fitted lines are shown with hashed out 95% confidence bands (CB95), with dots indicating the observed mean at the respective time point. 2-way ANOVA was run once for each marker separately to look for interaction and over-all effect of tumour type and/or day. To determine statistical significance between time points within each tumour type (intra-tumour time comparisons) a 2-way ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple comparisons post-test was run on all the CAF markers combined, once for 4T1 tumours and once for 4T07 tumours. To determine if markers differed between tumour types, multiple unpaired, two-tailed t-tests without assuming equal variance and with FDR correction (Q = 1%) was run for each of the three time points (inter-tumour comparison). * = p
Design of one-dimensional Lambertian diffusers of light
Creators: name: Maradudin, A. A.
name: Simonsen, I.
name: Leskova, T. A.
name: Mendez, E. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe a method for designing a one-dimensional random surface that acts as a Lambertian diffuser. The method is tested by means of rigorous computer simulations and is shown to yield the desired scattering pattern.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures
Additional file 1 of Exome-based investigation of the genetic basis of human pigmentary glaucoma
Creators: name: van der Heide, Carly
name: Goar, Wes
name: Meyer, Kacie J.
name: Alward, Wallace L. M.
name: Boese, Erin A.
name: Sears, Nathan C.
name: Roos, Ben R.
name: Kwon, Young H.
name: DeLuca, Adam P.
name: Siggs, Owen M.
name: Gonzaga-Jauregui, Claudia
name: Sheffield, Val C.
name: Wang, Kai
name: Stone, Edwin M.
name: Mullins, Robert F.
name: Anderson, Michael G.
name: Fan, Bao Jian
name: Ritch, Robert
name: Craig, Jamie E.
name: Wiggs, Janey L.
name: Scheetz, Todd E.
name: Fingert, John H.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Table 1. Secondary analysis of candidate genes. The symbols, names, and functions of genes included in the secondary analysis due to their role in melanin synthesis or melanosome structure.
Cylindrostethus linearis
Creators: name: Moreira, Felipe Ferraz Figueiredo
name: Barbosa, Julianna Freires
name: Ribeiro, José Ricardo Inacio
name: Alecrim, Viviani Pereira
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Gerridae
Cylindrostethus
Cylindrostethus linearis

description: Cylindrostethus linearis (Erichson, 1848)
Geographical distribution: Guyana, Brazil, Peru, and Bolivia.
Distribution in Brazil: North Region (PA, AM, RO) (Drake & Harris 1934; Kuitert 1942; Nieser 1970c).
 Comments: Drake and Harris (1941) mentioned that the species would occur in RJ, but there is no evidence that its distribution would extend that much southward. The only species of the genus so far recorded from the Southeastern Region is C. palmaris Drake & Harris, 1930, and the record of C. linearis from RJ is not considered valid here.
description: Published as part of Moreira, Felipe Ferraz Figueiredo, Barbosa, Julianna Freires, Ribeiro, José Ricardo Inacio & Alecrim, Viviani Pereira, 2011, Checklist and distribution of semiaquatic and aquatic Heteroptera (Gerromorpha and Nepomorpha) occurring in Brazil 2958, pp. 1-74 in Zootaxa 2958 (1) on page 6, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2958.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5281851
A Space-based Decametric Wavelength Radio Telescope Concept
Creators: name: Belov, K.
name: Branch, A.
name: Broschart, S.
name: Castillo-Rogez, J.
name: Chien, S.
name: Clare, L.
name: Dengler, R.
name: Gao, J.
name: Garza, D.
name: Hegedus, A.
name: Hernandez, S.
name: Herzig, S.
name: Imken, T.
name: Kim, H.
name: Mandutianu, S.
name: Romero-Wolf, A.
name: Schaffer, S.
name: Troesch, M.
name: Wyatt, E. J.
name: Lazio, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper reports a design study for a space-based decametric wavelength telescope. While not a new concept, this design study focused on many of the operational aspects that would be required for an actual mission. This design optimized the number of spacecraft to insure good visibility of approx. 80% of the radio galaxies -- the primary science target for the mission. A 5,000 km lunar orbit was selected to guarantee minimal gravitational perturbations from Earth and lower radio interference. Optimal schemes for data downlink, spacecraft ranging, and power consumption were identified. An optimal mission duration of 1 year was chosen based on science goals, payload complexity, and other factors. Finally, preliminary simulations showing image reconstruction were conducted to confirm viability of the mission. This work is intended to show the viability and science benefits of conducting multi-spacecraft networked radio astronomy missions in the next few years.
description: 29 pages, 42 figures, appendix
A note on the shifted Courant-Nijenhuis torsion
Creators: name: Aldi, Marco
name: Da Silva, Sergio
name: Grandini, Daniele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We characterize the vanishing of the shifted Courant-Nijenhuis torsion as the strongest tensorial integrability condition that can be imposed on a skew-symmetric endomorphism of the generalized tangent bundle.
description: 9 pages
DOOR-SLAM: Distributed, Online, and Outlier Resilient SLAM for Robotic Teams
Creators: name: Lajoie, Pierre-Yves
name: Ramtoula, Benjamin
name: Chang, Yun
name: Carlone, Luca
name: Beltrame, Giovanni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: To achieve collaborative tasks, robots in a team need to have a shared understanding of the environment and their location within it. Distributed Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) offers a practical solution to localize the robots without relying on an external positioning system (e.g. GPS) and with minimal information exchange. Unfortunately, current distributed SLAM systems are vulnerable to perception outliers and therefore tend to use very conservative parameters for inter-robot place recognition. However, being too conservative comes at the cost of rejecting many valid loop closure candidates, which results in less accurate trajectory estimates. This paper introduces DOOR-SLAM, a fully distributed SLAM system with an outlier rejection mechanism that can work with less conservative parameters. DOOR-SLAM is based on peer-to-peer communication and does not require full connectivity among the robots. DOOR-SLAM includes two key modules: a pose graph optimizer combined with a distributed pairwise consistent measurement set maximization algorithm to reject spurious inter-robot loop closures; and a distributed SLAM front-end that detects inter-robot loop closures without exchanging raw sensor data. The system has been evaluated in simulations, benchmarking datasets, and field experiments, including tests in GPS-denied subterranean environments. DOOR-SLAM produces more inter-robot loop closures, successfully rejects outliers, and results in accurate trajectory estimates, while requiring low communication bandwidth. Full source code is available at https://github.com/MISTLab/DOOR-SLAM.git.
description: 8 pages, 11 figures, 2 tables