Dichotomius (Selenocopris) fortepunctatus
Creators: name: Valois, Marcely C.
name: Silva, Fernando A. B.
name: Vaz-de-Mello, Fernando Z.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Scarabaeidae
Dichotomius
Dichotomius fortepunctatus

description: Dichotomius (Selenocopris) fortepunctatus (Luederwaldt 1923)
(Figures 1 (d), 3(c,f,g), 4(g,h), 5(f,k), and 6))
Pinotus fortepunctatus Luederwaldt 1923: 4, 1929: 76; Blackwelder 1944: 207; Pereira 1947: 318, 320, 1953: 387.
Dichotomius fortepunctatus: Vaz-de-Mello and Nunes 2016: 299; Krajcik 2006: 54; 2012: 91.
Dichotomius (Luederwaldtinia) fortepunctatus: Chamorro et al. 2018: 95.
Dichotomius (Luederwaldtinia) fortepunctatus: Chamorro et al. 2019: 127.
Diagnosis
The following combination of characters is useful to distinguish D. fortepunctatus from other species in the globulus group: male clypeal teeth short, rounded, separated by a shallow V-shaped emargination; head with ocellate puntures larger than those on pronotum (Figure 3 (c)); pronotum with dense ocellate punctures, very close to each other, lacking distinct anterior declivity; elytral striae thin, with well-impressed punctures spaced by 3 times their diameter on disc; surface of elytral interstriae with opaque microsculpture, medial region with inconspicuous smooth dots (Figure 3 (g)); meso and metafemora with a longitudinal groove along their entire extension; and male with pygidium rounded at the apex.
Redescription (male)
Body length: 11–12 mm. Dorsum black, barely shiny on head and pronotum, elytra opaque (Figure 1 (d)). Head: clypeal edge bidentate, teeth rounded, separated by a shallow V-shaped emargination (Figure 3 (c)). Clypeogenal junction slightly angulate. Surface with large ocellate punctures, approximately equal-sized, more sparsely distributed on anterior clypeal region (Figure 3 (c)). Cephalic process produced into a small central tubercle. Antennal club with light brown tumescence. Thorax: pronotum approximately twice wider than long (Figure 1 (d)). Pronotal disc slightly convex, anteromedian region lacking knobs, horns or excavations; surface with dense ocellate punctures equally spaced by half their diameter, punctures more sparse on anterior angle. Whole surface of hypomera covered with ocellate punctures; anterior and lateral region with punctures bearing short orange setae. Prosternum filled with ocellate punctures. Mesoventrite filled with ocellate punctures usually bearing short orange setae. Metaventrite surface with ocellate punctures, except on disc; punctures on anterior region usually bearing short setae. Meso-metaventral suture distinct. Anterior region half the length of metafemora. Mid-longitudinal sulcus feebly marked posteriorly. Lateral lobes of metaventrite with ocellate punctures larger than those on anterior region. Elytra: slightly convex in lateral view. Humeral callus distinct. Legs: protibial spur curved at apical fifth. Metatibial spur deeply emarginate apically. Ventral surface of the profemora covered with coarse setiferous punctures all over its extension. Ventral surface of the mesofemora with ocellate punctures at apical half. Ventral surface of the metafemora with ocellate punctures concentrated on apical half, basal half with sparse, scattered punctures. Meso and metafemora bearing a thin longitudinal groove along entire posterior margin, wider on apical half. Abdomen: ventrites covered with ocellate punctures laterally, medially punctures disposed in a single row along anterior edge. Pygidium twice wider than long, convex medially. Surface of pygidial disc with ocellate punctures spaced by their diameter. Apex of the pygidium margined. Male sixth abdominal ventrite as long as fifth, and concave along anterior edge. Tegmen: in dorsal view, paramera rectangular, twice longer than its width medially, apex truncate; inner edges close to each other at basal third (Figure 4 (g)). Apical half significantly narrower than base in lateral view. Dorsal surface of paramera with a pre-apical longitudinal carina; carina with serrate margin (Figure 4 (g)). Ventral sclerotised membrane between paramera thinner and curved at basal half; rounded at lateral portions (Figure 4 (h)). Endophallus: ME inferior projections separated by a broad C-shaped emargination (Figure 5 (f)). ME with a Y-shaped longitudinal fold in the median superior region (Figure 5 (f)). A and SA endophallites thin, C-shaped in lateral view; SA endophallite with reticulate texture inferiorly (Figure 5 (k)). FLP endophallite C-shaped in lateral right view, inferior region shorter than superior one; surface of the C-shaped region with irregular projections (Figure 5 (k)). SRP endophallite approximately V-shaped (Figure 5 (k)). Female: differs from male by clypeal teeth larger and acute, separated by a V-shaped emargination. Lateral teeth of the protibia larger. Pygidium wider than long, and with a small central knob. Sixth ventrite only slightly longer than fifth.
Type material examined
Lectotype of Pinotus fortepunctatus ♂: [MZSP]: ‘ Equador / Bucay / 12.vii.1903 ’ // ‘COTIPO’ // ‘ Pinotus ♂ / fortepunctatus/ Lud’ [illegible handwriting] // ‘17,741’. Designated by Chamorro et al. (2019).
Additional material examined
ECUADOR: Pichincha: 250 m, 47 km Sto Domingo. Rio Palenque Sta. 18–19 February 1979. L. Ling (3♂♂ CEMT); same data but 17–25 February 1979. (22–ii) (1♂ CEMT). Rio Palenque Station. [0.125°N, - 78.613°W]. March 1989. PandL Arnaud (1♂ CEMT); Rio Palenque Station. [0.125°N, - 78.613°W]. March 1989. PandL Arnaud (20♂♂ 16♀♀ CEMT); Esmeraldas: Calle Mansa. [0.968°N, - 79.657°W]. 25 January 2000. J. Celi (14♂♂ 10♀♀, CEMT); Chispero. [0.704°N, - 79.541°W]. 22 January 2000. J. Celi (1♂ 1♀ CEMT); Colón del Ónzole. 01 April 2000. J. Celi (1♀ CEMT); Gualpi. 4 April 2000. A. Dávalos and J. Celi (2♂♂ 2♀♀, CEMT); same data but El Pajonal. 01 April 2000. J. Celi (1♀ CEMT); Majua. [0.704°N, - 79.541°W]. 18 February 2000. J. Celi (2♂♂ 4♀♀ CEMT); Palma Real. [0.333°N, - 78.933°W]. 10 March 2000. A. Dávalos (19♂♂ 8♀♀ CEMT); same data but 10 May 2000. A. Dávalos (1♂ 2♀♀ CEMT); Playa de Oro. [0.867°N, - 78.796°W]. 13 December 1999. J. Celi and A. Dávalos (5♂♂ 2♀♀ CEMT); same data but Paya Rica. 05 May 2000. A. Dávalos (1♂ CEMT); Tselpi. Charco Grande. 14 January 2000. A. Dávalos (1♂ CEMT); Calle Mansa. 25 January 2000. J. Celi (1♂ CEMT); Cotopaxi: Guasaguanda. km 4. 22 December 1997. C. Carpio (2♀♀ CEMT); same data but 20 December 1997 (1♀ CEMT).
description: Published as part of Valois, Marcely C., Silva, Fernando A. B. & Vaz-de-Mello, Fernando Z., 2022, A taxonomic revision of the globulus species group of Dichotomius Hope, 1838 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae), pp. 119-147 in Journal of Natural History 56 (1 - 4) on pages 135-137, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2022.2046887, http://zenodo.org/record/6530252