cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Interest of VHF Plasmas, Liquid Precursors and SiC(N,O):H Thin Films for Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells
Creators: name: Bousquet, I.
name: Quoizola, S.
name: Hernandez, E.
name: Thomas, L.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2154-2160
description: In regards to standard low- (LF) or radio-frequency (RF) low pressure PECVD processes industrially used for
antireflection and passivating coatings of silicon solar cells, very high frequency (VHF) plasmas appear as an alternative to
reduce production costs. When coupled to the use of liquid precursors to replace SiH4/NH3 usual gases, they appear to be
candidates for cost effective safety systems limitations. Such association is in this work employed to grow hydrogenated
silicon carbide layers, oxide and nitride derivates that can present varying refractive index n that can be close to SiN:H
antireflection coating. Chemically stable liquid precursors, tetramethylsilane (TMS) and tetramethyl-cyclotetrasiloxane
(TMCTS), and NH3 are employed in argon, to manage Si-C, C-C, Si-O and Si-N bondings as well as bonded hydrogen
content (SiHx, CHx, NHx) in SiC(N,O):H material grown on 2” silicon substrates. High plasma density PECVD using a
“dual” Microwave (2.45 GHz coaxial applicators) / Low Frequency (50 kHz to apply DC bias VDC) excited plasma device
was employed. Three material families are identified by varying gas mixture content (%TMS/%TMCTS/%NH3) in argon,
surface DC bias and temperature for growth. In SiCN:H growth conditions (Ar/TMS/NH3 discharges with or without applied
VDC), films material can be varied from carbide-like form (TMS/NH3>>) to nitride-like (TMS/NH3<>) to high oxygen content
SiCO:H films (TMCTS/TMS >>) using ion bombardment that controls O rate through oxygen selective sputtering leading to
n increase (1.7 < n < 2.2 at 350 °C). Carbon rich nitrides and oxides (TMS/NH3 >> or TMCTS/TMS <
Exchange bias-like effect in TbFeAl intermetallic induced by atomic disorder
Creators: name: Nair, Harikrishnan S.
name: Strydom, André M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Exchange bias-like effect observed in the intermetallic compound TbFeAl, which displays a magnetic phase transition at $T^h_c \approx$ 198~K and a second one at $T^l_c \approx$ 154~K, is reported. {\em Jump}-like features are observed in the isothermal magnetization, $M (H)$, at 2~K which disappear above 8~K. The field-cooled magnetization isotherms below 10~K show loop-shifts that are reminiscent of exchange bias, also supported by {\em training effect}. Significant coercive field, $H_c \approx$ 1.5~T at 2~K is observed in TbFeAl which, after an initial increase, shows subsequent decrease with temperature. The exchange bias field, $H_{eb}$, shows a slight increase and subsequent leveling off with temperature. It is argued that the inherent crystallographic disorder among Fe and Al and the high magnetocrystalline anisotropy related to Tb$^{3+}$ lead to the exchange bias effect. TbFeAl is recently reported to show magnetocaloric effect and the present discovery of exchange bias makes this compound a multifunctional one. The result obtained on TbFeAl generalizes the observation of exchange bias in crystallographically disordered materials and gives impetus for the search for materials with {\em exchange bias induced by atomic disorder.}
description: 4 pages, 5 figures, double-column, Accepted to Europhys. Lett., 2016
Surface Passivation of Highly and Lowly Doped p-Type Silicon Surfaces with PECVD Al2O3 for Industrially Applicable Solar Cell Concepts
Creators: name: Saint-Cast, P.
name: Billot, E.
name: Olwal, P.
name: Kühnhold, S.
name: Richter, A.
name: Hofmann, M.
name: Rentsch, J.
name: Preu, R.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1125-1128
description: Several aspects of the suitability of PECVD Al2O3 deposition process for solar cell mass production are
reported. Among them the throughput, the firing stability, the homogeneity and the repeatability of the process quality
have been investigated. Additionally a carrier lifetime higher than 1 ms has been obtained after firing for a layer of only
10 nm combined with a SiNx capping layer. The latter allows an interesting compromise between a low consumption of
expensive precursors and a high passivation quality.
PECVD Al2O3 has also been studied, in order to offer an industrially suitable solution for the passivation of boron-doped
emitters of n-type solar cells. An emitter saturation current density as low as 36 fA cm-2 has been obtained on a 90 Ω/sq
emitter with a surface concentration of 7 1019 cm-3, which correspondents to a surface recombination velocity of only
350 cm s-1.
Asteroseismic age determination for dwarfs and giants
Creators: name: Aguirre, V. Silva
name: Serenelli, A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Asteroseismology can make a substantial contribution to our understanding of the formation history and evolution of our Galaxy by providing precisely determined stellar properties for thousands of stars in different regions of the Milky Way. We present here the different sets of observables used in determining asteroseismic stellar properties, the typical level of precision obtained, the current status of results for ages of dwarfs and giants and the improvements than can be expected in the near future in the context of Galactic archaeology.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, to appear in Astronomische Nachrichten special issue "Reconstruction the Milky Way's History: Spectroscopic surveys, Asteroseismology and Chemo-dynamical models"
Fast Industrial Rear Surface Passivation Dielectric Stack Deposition and Low Cost Metallisation
Creators: name: Mary Joy, R.M.
name: Gautero, L.
name: Keipert-Colberg, S.
name: Rinio, M.
name: Strola, S.A.
name: Hanssen, M.S.
name: Van De Sanden, M.C.M.
name: Borsa, D.M.
name: Bosch, R.C.M.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2256-2259
description: The availability of industrial processes for the deposition of passivation dielectrics is a key factor for
the realisation of cost effective highly efficient silicon solar cell concepts. The applicability of a stack of amorphous
silicon oxide and amorphous silicon nitride layers produced with a DEPx platform is investigated. Knowledge of the
quality level achievable on close-to-process structures gives testimonial of the maturity of the dielectric deposition
process. Very high level of minority carrier lifetime are achieved (>1 ms on n-type and >0.5 ms on p-type on flat
surfaces). Furthermore, aluminium pastes can contact through the dielectrics and achieve a low resistance (busbar to
busbar resistance <16 W). The measured levels of lifetime comply with the demanding application of high efficient
solar cells and can be easily structured to allow a proper contacting of the cell.
Biodeteriogenic Potential of Bacteria and Fungi Isolated from Deteriorated Areas of Masjed-e Jāmé of Isfahan, UNESCO Cultural Heritage
Creators: name: Veshareh, Azam Aliasghari
name: Mohammadi, Parisa
name: Elikaei, Ameneh
name: Urzi, Clara
name: De Leo, Filomena
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: The Masjed-e Jāme’ of Isfahan is one of the largest historic mosques in the Islamic world. It was listed as a World Heritage Site by UNESCO. Due to the arid climate of the region, the building is quite well preserved and presents only localized patterns of alteration. However, due to the risk of biodeteriogenic microorganisms which could be present on these valuable surfaces, this study aimed to isolate the microorganisms associated with the specific deteriorated areas of this monument and determine their deteriorative mechanism. Samples were taken from the deteriorated areas in order to isolate bacteria and fungi. These were tested for their potential to induce biodeterioration via CaCO3 dissolution, pH alteration, and pigment and mineral production. Results revealed that ubiquitous species such as Penicillium spp. and Bacillus spp. were the most abundant microorganisms isolated from the samples, some of which were able to release organic acids and induce CaCO3 dissolution. Very often, the isolated fungi showed a combined biodeteriogenic activity due to solubilization and precipitation of CaCO3. Rarely was CaCO3 solubilization combined with pigment release. These findings are a first step toward providing helpful information to assess the biodeteriogenic potential of colonizing microorganisms and planning a preventive method for the conservation of this monument which has never been studied in terms of biodeterioration risk.
Direct growth of low-doped graphene on Ge/Si(001) surfaces
Creators: name: Dabrowski, J.
name: Lippert, G.
name: Avila, J.
name: Baringhaus, J.
name: Colambo, I.
name: Dedkov, Yu. S.
name: Herziger, F.
name: Lupina, G.
name: Maultzsch, J.
name: Schaffus, T.
name: Schroeder, T.
name: Sowinska, M.
name: Tegenkamp, C.
name: Vignaud, D.
name: Asensio, M. -C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The practical difficulties to use graphene in microelectronics and optoelectronics is that the available methods to grow graphene are not easily integrated in the mainstream technologies. A growth method that could overcome at least some of these problems is chemical vapour deposition (CVD) of graphene directly on semiconducting (Si or Ge) substrates. Here we report on the comparison of the CVD and molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) growth of graphene on the technologically relevant Ge(001)/Si(001) substrate from ethene (C$_2$H$_4$) precursor and describe the physical properties of the films as well as we discuss the surface reaction and diffusion processes that may be responsible for the observed behavior. Using nano angle resolved photoemission (nanoARPES) complemented by transport studies and Raman spectroscopy, we report the direct observation of massless Dirac particles in monolayer graphene, providing a comprehensive mapping of their low-hole doped Dirac electron bands. The micrometric graphene flakes are oriented along two predominant directions rotated by $30^\circ$ with respect to each other. The growth mode is attributed to the mechanism when small graphene "molecules" nucleate on the Ge(001) surface and it is found that hydrogen plays a significant role in this process.
description: text and 8 figures
ALD-Al2O3 Passivation for Solar Cells: High Temperature Stability
Creators: name: Rothschild, A.
name: Penaud, J.
name: Jaffrennou, P.
name: Wostyn, K.
name: Vermang, B.
name: John, J.
name: Poortmans, J.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2273-2275
description: It has already been proven that Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD)-Al2O3 can provide a high level of surface
passivation for p and n-type crystalline silicon (c-Si) [1-3]. However, one major concern remains regarding the stability
of Al2O3 under a high thermal budget (so-called “Firing” step) [4-5]. In this work, the relationship between the c-Si
starting material, the Al2O3 thickness and the thermal treatment typically encountered in a c-Si solar cell process flow
was investigated. It appears that on CZ material, a thin Al2O3 layer (5-10 nm) provides a sufficient passivation level even
after a “Firing” thermal budget. In order to understand the Al2O3 thermal budget limitations and evaluate if a higher
thermal budget would be beneficial in terms of passivation level and/or in terms of “blistering” phenomenon reduction
[6], investigation of annealing at very high temperature (>Firing peak temperature) was performed. The results
demonstrate that a thin Al2O3 layer (5-10 nm) sustain a higher thermal budget as compared to a thick one (30 nm).
However, increasing the annealing temperature above the Al2O3 crystallization temperature leads to a strong lifetime
degradation. Thermal budget optimization should be therefore considered below this limit.
Novel Planar Rear Surface Reflector Design for Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells
Creators: name: Yang, Y.
name: Mehrvarz, H.
name: Kampwerth, H.
name: Ho-Baillie, A.
name: Green, M.A.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2280-2283
description: Rear reflector is an essential part for silicon solar cells, in respect of optical path-length improvement
for weakly absorbed photons. A superior rear reflector provides multiple passages for low energy photons, which
substantially improves IR light absorption within solar cells. In this work, novel planar rear structures consisting of
high-low refractive index dielectric films and a back metal layer (e.g., SiO2 / SiNx / SiO2 / back metal) are
investigated with the aim of enhancing the rear optical properties of c-Si cells. Experimental results show that the
reflectance (R) of the samples with this triple dielectric stacks (DS) increases with refractive index of the middle
dielectric film. Under 8o incident light at 1200 nm, an absolute 2% increase in R was achieved for the reflector with
Al back metal, and more strikingly, 2.5% for the reflector with Ag back metal. The highest long wavelength IQE is
indicated for the fabricated reflector with highest SiNx film index. A newly simulated structure composed of “100nm
SiO2 / 100nm a-Si / 250nm SiO2 / Ag” shows the smallest rear reflector absorption over almost all the incident angle
range, and the highest IQE. With regards to electrical property, the triple DS demonstrates respectable rear
passivation, with a SRV of 18cm/s achieved on the 1.5 Ωcm p-type 400 μm FZ silicon substrate.
Abnormal Crystallization Sequence of Calcium Carbonate in the Presence of Synechococcus sp. PCC 7942
Creators: name: Yang, Guoguo
name: Li, Fuchun
name: Deng, Zelan
name: Wang, Yazhi
name: Su, Zhimeng
name: Huang, Lingjie
name: Yin, Ling
name: Ji, Chen
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: Plant Biology

description: Studying the crystallization sequence of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) polymorphs provides great insights into bacterial mineralization mechanisms, and carbonate rock genesis in recent geological history. CaCO3 biomineralization studies were conducted using Synechococcus sp. PCC 7942. Changes in bacterial optical density, polysaccharide content, carbonic anhydrase activity, pH, Ca2+, Mg2+, phosphate, and bicarbonate concentrations in medium, and precipitation levels were recorded, while precipitate morphology and polymorphisms were characterized. We identified an abnormal crystallization sequence order of carbonate polymorphs: calcite, aragonite, and vaterite, which failed to obey Ostwald’s rule. We investigated saturation indices (SI) and calculated calcite, aragonite, and vaterite quantities. Also, two mineralization studies were performed using PCC 7942 in the medium-plus different phosphates levels and extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) secreted by PCC 7942. Calcite was precipitated due to phosphate levels >7 µmol·L−1 and SIvaterite values <2.1. SIaragonite values >2.3 and phosphate levels <7 µmol·L−1 exerted crucial roles in aragonite formation. Finally, decreased phosphate and Mg2+ levels promoted vaterite crystallization. We suggest this unique crystallization order may be attributed to changes in bacterial density and PO43− levels. Our study provides new insights into bacterial mineralization mechanisms.HIGHLIGHTSShow that calcite, aragonite, and vaterite crystallized in order in MICP.The abnormal crystallization sequence of CaCO3 polymorphs does not follow Ostward’s theory.The metabolic activity of Synechococcus sp. PCC 7942 and phosphate levels should be responsible for this unique crystallization order. Show that calcite, aragonite, and vaterite crystallized in order in MICP. The abnormal crystallization sequence of CaCO3 polymorphs does not follow Ostward’s theory. The metabolic activity of Synechococcus sp. PCC 7942 and phosphate levels should be responsible for this unique crystallization order.
Letter from Mary Butts to Douglas Goldring, November (?), 1934. Regarding finishing 'Cleopatra'
Creators: name: Butts, Mary, 1890-1937
Publisher: name: University of Victoria Libraries
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Goldring, Douglas, 1887-1960
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1798259
subject: Butts, Mary, 1890-1937
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/144414
subject: Topics referenced (in letter): Writing
subject: Texts referenced (in letter): ‘Cleopatra’ (Scenes from the Life of Cleopatra)
subject: Places referenced (in letter): England--Cornwall--Sennen Cove
subject: People referenced (in letter): Butts, Mary, 1890-1937; Goldring, Douglas, 1887-1960

description: Mary Butts writes to Douglas Goldring regarding finishing up ‘Cleopatra’ (Scenes from the Life of Cleopatra). Sent from (location): England--Cornwall--Sennen Cove
Techniques for Quantifying Bacterially Induced Carbonate Mineralization in Escherichia coli
Creators: name: Breley, George J.
name: Jennings, Matthew E.
name: Gisser, Kathleen
name: Drabik, Anna
name: Kainrad, Joe
name: Barton, Hazel A.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: The lack of reliable techniques to accurately quantify bacterial carbonate production and a tractable genetic system limits our ability to thoroughly understand the metabolic basis for bacterial calcification. In this work, we demonstrate bacterially induced CaCO3 precipitation in the model organism, Escherichia coli K-12, and develop new quantitative methods for carbonate mineral production using inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) and an image analysis approach repurposed for agar cultures. These assays allowed us to assess the impact of various calcium sources and environmental factors on crystalline CaCO3 formation in E. coli. Our data demonstrate that Ca-acetate and Ca-succinate yield the greatest CaCO3 output in E. coli, while a preliminary study demonstrated microclimatic influences on crystal growth and size. This work helps lay the foundation for using E. coli as a model bacterial species to probe the genetic elements that promote calcification in Bacteria, with the potential to identify previously undescribed pathways for precipitation.
Screen Printing Aluminium Pastes for Thin Silicon Solar Cells with Passivated Rear Surface and LFC Contacts
Creators: name: Schwab, C.
name: Thaidigsmann, B.
name: Nold, S.
name: Linse, M.
name: Lottspeich, F.
name: Prince, A.
name: Young, R.
name: Fuge, G.
name: Weigand, P.
name: Wolf, A.
name: Clement, F.
name: Biro, D.
name: Preu, R.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2264-2267
description: This work investigates three different screen printing aluminium pastes especially designed for solar cells
with passivated rear side. We present large area, 150 μm thin silicon solar cells with passivated surfaces fabricated from
Czochralski silicon using exclusively industrial-type production equipment. The rear surface of the cells exhibit solder
pads for easy module assembly. Laser fired contacts connect the p-type base to the rear side metallization. Differences in
conversion efficiency depending on the applied aluminium paste are observed. These differences are assigned to the
measure of damage to the rear side passivation induced by the different pastes during contact firing. It is also shown that
a reduced aluminium paste lay down of 4.5 mg/cm² leads to competitive conversion efficiencies and thus is a simple and
promising way to decrease production costs.
20%-Efficient Rear Side Passivated Solar Cells in Pilot Series Designed for Conventional Module Assembling
Creators: name: Mohr, A.
name: Engelhart, P.
name: Klenke, C.
name: Wanka, S.
name: Stekolnikov, A.A.
name: Scherff, M.
name: Tardon, S.
name: Rudolph, T.
name: Hofmann, M.
name: Stenzel, F.
name: Lee, J.
name: Diez, S.
name: Wendt, J.
name: Brendle, W.
name: Schmidt, S.
name: Müller, J.W.
name: Wawer, P.
name: Hofmann, M.
name: Saint-Cast, P.
name: Nekarda, J.
name: Erath, D.
name: Rentsch, J.
name: Preu, R.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2150-2153
description: In the Reiner Lemoine Research Line at Q-Cells a pilot series fabrication of double-side contacted
mono-crystalline solar cells using a dielectric passivated rear side with local metal contacts was implemented. A few
hundred of such large area (156 mm x 156 mm) high efficiency solar cells were fabricated on boron doped Cz silicon
material per week. Median efficiencies of up to 20% before light-induced degradation are reached. The best large
area solar cell has an efficiency of 20.2% after deactivation the light induced degradation due to the boron-oxygen
complex. The efficiency is independently confirmed by Fraunhofer ISE and demonstrates the high potential of this
cell structure even under production like conditions. The R&D cell development of the passivated rear side was
supported by a cooperation work with Fraunhofer ISE. In this paper we present R&D results of the cooperation work
with Fraunhofer ISE and Q-Cells continuous technical improvements of the mono-crystalline solar cell process in the
pilot series fabrication, which also included testing of quality and reliability of these R&D cells integrated into
modules.
High Performance Aluminum and Polymer Pastes for N-Type Silicon Solar Cells With Rear Emitter
Creators: name: Jiang, H.
name: Seyedmohammadi, S.
name: Graddy, E.
name: Shaikh, A.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2227-2230
description: This paper presents high performance Al pastes for n-type solar cells with p-type back emitter. These
pastes were screen printed and subsequently fired in a belt furnace to form rear-Al emitters. Internal Quantum
Efficiency (IQE), and full I-V curve characterization and curve fitting to investigate leakage currents were carried out
to study the effect of glass frits, additives and firing profiles. The paste performance including bow and adhesion are
also presented.
This paper also presents a screen printable, low temperature curable conductive polymer paste and its application in ntype
solar cell fabrication. The solderable polymer paste enables full Al coverage of the back surface. Its excellent
adhesion and low contact resistivity to Al allow it to be used as rear Ag busbar.
Fabrication and Evaluation of Ga-Doped Single Hetero-Junction Solar Cells
Creators: name: Yoshiba, S.
name: Kobayashi, K.
name: Dhamrin, M.
name: Kamisako, K.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2146-2149
description: There are some limitations to use p-type silicon as base material for hetero-junction solar cell
structures because of the well-known light-induced degradation (LID) effect caused by the B-O complex.
However, Ga-doped p-type silicon wafers can suppress the LID effect. In this work, we combined the monocrystalline
process with hetero-junction process and introduced a new concept to achieve high efficiency by
utilizing a low-cost simple structure. Single hetero-junction solar cells were fabricated by using Ga-doped monocrystalline
silicon wafers cut from the bottom, center and top of the CZ silicon ingot. The resistivities of the
wafers were 3.59 Ωcm at the bottom, 5.90 Ωcm at the center and 28.7 Ωcm at the top of the ingot. The carrier
lifetimes measured at the excess carrier concentration of 1×1015 cm-3were 0.672 ms at the bottom, 0.776 ms at the
center and 1.73 ms at the top. High carrier lifetimes were realized due to the high quality of the grown ingot. In
single hetero-junction solar cells fabricated by our developed process, the higher conversion efficiency of 13.1 %
without texturing and Ag contact was established.
Metal Contact Structure Optimization for High Efficiency mc-Si Metal Wrap through (MWT) Solar Cells
Creators: name: Lim, J.-K.
name: Moon, I.-S.
name: Kim, S.-K.
name: Lee, K.-M.
name: Lee, W.J.
name: Cho, E.-C.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2236-2238
description: The power loss in multi-crystalline silicon (mc-Si) MWT solar cells can be reduced by adjusting the cell structure
and the electrode shape. To maximize the efficiency of mc-MWT solar cell, we developed and tested the MWT solar
cell with 4 bus bars on rear sides. The calculated results showed that the power loss of the proposed MWT solar cell
can be reduced by 2.4%. In particular, it is possible to minimize the power loss of the proposed MWT solar cell by
reducing finger width, and sustaining the same finger space. To realize the fine electrode under 60 μm width, the
offset printing technology was applied to MWT solar cells. In addition, the hole filling paste for MWT could protect
the shunting behavior in via holes, decreasing shunt resistance (Rp). As a result, an efficiency of 17.6 % at 156 × 156
mm2 size was obtained by the effect of MWT structure & fine electrodes.
High Rate Deposition of a-Si:H Thin Layers for n-Type c-Si Surface Passivation
Creators: name: Liu, C.S.
name: Wu, C.Y.
name: Chen, I.W.
name: Hong, L.S.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2198-2201
description: We propose a concept for high-quality interfacial passivation of n-type crystalline silicon wafers
through the growth of hydrogenated amorphous Si (a-Si:H) thin layers using plasma-enhanced chemical vapor
deposition. We established a growth window for 5 nm-thick a-Si:H deposited on c-Si in which the thin layers could
simultaneously retain amorphous character and high interface passivation ability at various deposition rates and
temperatures. The result revealed that high rate depostion of a-Si:H at high temperature is favorable for high-quality
surface passivation. We achieved a high value of minority carrier lifetime of 1320 s when preparing a-Si:H at 4.2
Å /s and 150 °C, which corresponds to a relatively high implied Voc of 726 mV. Based on the concept, we achieved an
untextured heterojunction cell efficiency of 17.1%, with a high open-circuit voltage of 695 mV on an n-type floatzone
Si substrate. On a textured wafer, the cell efficiency was further enhanced to 19.6%.
Efficiency Improvement of Silicon Solar Cell Via Luminescent Dye-Labeled Polymer Doped in EVA Encapsulation Layer
Creators: name: Li, M.-C.
name: Kuan, M.-T.
name: Wang, W.-H.
name: Chiou, K.-C.
name: Lee, W.-K.
name: Lee, Y.-D.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2231-2232
description: Owning to significantly lower external quantum yield (EQE) of commercial solar cells in ultra-violet
region (300-400nm), a luminescent down-shifting (LDS) technology has been proposed for improving the poor
spectral response of solar cells to ultra-violet (UV) light. To enhance the luminescence resulting in improving the
poor spectral response of solar cells, the concentration of luminescent materials doped in poly(ethylene-co-vinyl
acetate) (EVA) encapsulation layer should be increased as high as possible before the concentration quenching of
luminescent materials occurs. However, as the concentration of luminescent materials increases, the encapsulation
layer may encounter the miscibility problem causing phase separation between luminescent materials and EVA
resulting in significant scattering loss of incident sunlight. By taking advantage of the good miscibility of PCL in
EVA, in this study, a series of pyrene labeled poly(caprolactone) (PCL-PY) polymer have been synthesized for
efficiency improvement of silicon solar cell via LDS effect of PCL-PY doped in EVA encapsulation layer.
Process Description Approach for n-Type Multicrystalline Silicon Solar Cells Fabrication
Creators: name: Oliver, C.
name: Semmache, B.
name: Gauthier, M.
name: Cuminal, Y.
name: Armand, J.
name: Foucaran, A.
name: Pellegrin, Y.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2217-2219
description: N-type multicrystalline silicon is a promising candidate to take a better place in the future photovoltaic
market. However, n-type silicon solar cells fabrication process flow is still under development. Indeed, the different
process steps have to be optimized in order to implemente a standard process flow close to the one used in the
industrial p-type silicon solar cells fabrication lines. In this work, we propose a new industrial approach to the
fabrication of n-type multicrystalline silicon solar cells. First, the boron emitter diffusion is performed in a lowpressure
tube furnace (LydopTM) using a gaseous BCl3 source. Then, in order to overcome the parasitic backside
doping, we propose to investigate two different flowcharts based on: 1) single-side doping using the back-to-back
positioning of the wafers, 2) double-side doping followed by the backside KOH etching using a PECVD SiNx
masking layer previously deposited on the front side p+ emitter. The sheet resistance of the p+ emitter was
maintained in the 70-75 Ω/sq range and it was controled along the process flow. Finally, we made bifacial n-type
multicrystalline silicon solar cells and obtained an average efficiency around 14%.
Isolation, Solubilization of Inorganic Phosphate, and Production of Organic Acids by Individual and Co-inoculated Microorganisms
Creators: name: Ahmad, Areesha
name: Moin, Syed Faraz
name: Liaqat, Iram
name: Saleem, Sadia
name: Muhammad, Faiz
name: Mujahid, Talat
name: Zafar, Urooj
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Phosphate solubilizing microorganisms (PSMs) mineralize phosphate (PO4³−) to make phosphorous available for plant uptake. This study is designed to isolate the PSMs from the subtropical environmental samples. Total 35 bacterial and 18 fungal isolates were found to be effective P solubilizers depend on their ability of P solubilization that were determined qualitatively and quantitatively using National Botanical Research Institute Phosphorus media. Efficient PSMs that were solubilizing phosphate in maximum amount were identified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Serratia marcescens, Pseudomonas mosselii, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus species, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus foetidus, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus tubingensis, and Penicillium chrysogenum. Among them, A. tubingensis was observed as the most efficient phosphate solubilizing strain. For the first time, combined phosphate solubilization activity of A. tubingensis with other efficient phosphate solubilizers was checked and found that A. tubingensis and P. aeruginosa acted synergistically and solubilized phosphate in increased amount. High-performance liquid chromatography results revealed that A. tubingensis produced variety of organic acids including succinic, gluconic, oxalic, and citric acids. Scanning electron microscopy results confirmed the presence of firmly attached large fungal hyphae on tri-calcium phosphate (Ca3(PO4)2). Thus, the results suggest that the use of these PSMs either single or combined as bioinoculants will help to increase the availability of soluble phosphorous.
Quantum theory as plausible reasoning applied to data obtained by robust experiments
Creators: name: De Raedt, H.
name: Katsnelson, M. I.
name: Michielsen, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review recent work that employs the framework of logical inference to establish a bridge between data gathered through experiments and their objective description in terms of human-made concepts. It is shown that logical inference applied to experiments for which the observed events are independent and for which the frequency distribution of these events is robust with respect to small changes of the conditions under which experiments are carried out yields, without introducing any concept of quantum theory, the quantum theoretical description in terms of the Schrödinger or the Pauli equation, the Stern-Gerlach or Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen-Bohm experiments. The extraordinary descriptive power of quantum theory then follows from the fact that it is plausible reasoning, that is common sense, applied to reproducible and robust experimental data.
description: Philosophical Transactions A (in press). arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1506.03373, arXiv:1303.4574
Conformal Gravity as a Gauge Natural Theory
Creators: name: Campigotto, M.
name: Fatibene, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We shall review conformal gravity as a gauge natural theory and discuss the consequences of Weyl covariance on the definition of physical states.
description: 7 pages, Workshop Variational principles and conservation laws in General Relativity, Torino, June 24-25, 2015in memory of Mauro Francaviglia
Lessons learnt from the Solar neighbourhood and the Kepler field
Creators: name: Casagrande, Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Setting the timeline of the events which shaped the Milky Way disc through its 13 billion year old history is one of the major challenges in the theory of galaxy formation. Achieving this goal is possible using late-type stars, which in virtue of their long lifetimes can be regarded as fossil remnants from various epochs of the formation of the Galaxy. There are two main paths to reliably age-date late-type stars: astrometric distances for stars in the turn-off and subgiant region, or oscillation frequencies along the red giant branch. So far, these methods have been applied to large samples of stars in the solar neighbourhood, and in the Kepler field. I review these studies, emphasize how they complement each other, and highlight some of the constraints they provide for Galactic modelling. I conclude with the prospects and synergies that astrometric (Gaia) and asteroseismic space-borne missions reserve to the field of Galactic Archaeology, and advocate that survey selection functions should be kept as simple as possible, relying on basic observables such as colours and magnitudes only.
description: Invited. To appear in Astronomische Nachrichten, special issue "Reconstruction the Milky Way's History: Spectroscopic surveys, Asteroseismology and Chemo-dynamical models", Guest Editors C. Chiappini, J. Montalb\'an, and M. Steffen, AN 2016 (in press)"
Upper limits from five years of blazar observations with the VERITAS Cherenkov telescopes
Creators: name: Archambault, S.
name: Archer, A.
name: Benbow, W.
name: Bird, R.
name: Biteau, J.
name: Buchovecky, M.
name: Buckley, J. H.
name: Bugaev, V.
name: Byrum, K.
name: Cerruti, M.
name: Chen, X.
name: Ciupik, L.
name: Connolly, M. P.
name: Cui, W.
name: Eisch, J. D.
name: Errando, M.
name: Falcone, A.
name: Feng, Q.
name: Finley, J. P.
name: Fleischhack, H.
name: Fortin, P.
name: Fortson, L.
name: Furniss, A.
name: Gillanders, G. H.
name: Griffin, S.
name: Grube, J.
name: Gyuk, G.
name: Hütten, M.
name: Hakansson, N.
name: Hanna, D.
name: Holder, J.
name: Humensky, T. B.
name: Johnson, C. A.
name: Kaaret, P.
name: Kar, P.
name: Kelley-Hoskins, N.
name: Kertzman, M.
name: Kieda, D.
name: Krause, M.
name: Krennrich, F.
name: Kumar, S.
name: Lang, M. J.
name: Maier, G.
name: McArthur, S.
name: McCann, A.
name: Meagher, K.
name: Moriarty, P.
name: Mukherjee, R.
name: Nguyen, T.
name: Nieto, D.
name: De Bhróithe, A. O'Faoláin
name: Ong, R. A.
name: Otte, A. N.
name: Park, N.
name: Perkins, J. S.
name: Pichel, A.
name: Pohl, M.
name: Popkow, A.
name: Pueschel, E.
name: Quinn, J.
name: Ragan, K.
name: Reynolds, P. T.
name: Richards, G. T.
name: Roache, E.
name: Rovero, A. C.
name: Santander, M.
name: Sembroski, G. H.
name: Shahinyan, K.
name: Smith, A. W.
name: Staszak, D.
name: Telezhinsky, I.
name: Tucci, J. V.
name: Tyler, J.
name: Vincent, S.
name: Wakely, S. P.
name: Weiner, O. M.
name: Weinstein, A.
name: Williams, D. A.
name: Zitzer, B.
name: Fumagalli, M.
name: Prochaska, J. X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Between the beginning of its full-scale scientific operations in 2007 and 2012, the VERITAS Cherenkov telescope array observed more than 130 blazars; of these, 26 were detected as very-high-energy (VHE; E>100 GeV) γ-ray sources. In this work, we present the analysis results of a sample of 114 undetected objects. The observations constitute a total live-time of ~570 hours. The sample includes several unidentified Fermi-Large Area Telescope (LAT) sources (located at high Galactic latitude) as well as all the sources from the second Fermi-LAT catalog which are contained within the field of view of the VERITAS observations. We have also performed optical spectroscopy measurements in order to estimate the redshift of some of these blazars that do not have a spectroscopic distance estimate. We present new optical spectra from the Kast instrument on the Shane telescope at the Lick observatory for 18 blazars included in this work, which allowed for the successful measurement or constraint on the redshift of four of them. For each of the blazars included in our sample we provide the flux upper limit in the VERITAS energy band. We also study the properties of the significance distributions and we present the result of a stacked analysis of the data-set, which shows a 4 σ excess.
description: 22 pages; accepted for publication in The Astronomical Journal
An investigation of factors influencing non-users’ resistance to internet banking adoption in Nigeria
Creators: name: Nwarize, Chigozie Prisca
Publisher: name: Cardiff Metropolitan University
Year: 2023
Subjects: Banking, finance and investment not elsewhere classified

description: This study focussed on the investigation of factors influencing informed non-users’ resistance to internet banking adoption in Nigeria. Empirical evidence from this research suggests that internet banking adoption in Nigeria is extremely low. In this light, this study argues that bank customers who are aware of internet banking are resisting the adoption of internet banking, despite its benefits. Using a Unified approach, the research integrated specific constructs from ICT theoretical models – TAM, TID, and TPR (Insecurity, complexity of use, perceived risk) with empirically evident predominant inhibiting factors (insecurity, poor power supply) of internet banking adoption in Nigeria to provide a full understanding of the research investigative phenomenon. This informed the development of the research conceptual framework.
 Mixed method approach was employed using convenient sampling technique to survey a total of 264 informed non-users of internet banking from 4 different cities (Lagos, Enugu, Port-Harcourt, Kaduna) representing 4 geopolitical zones in Nigeria, and data were analysed quantitatively. For the qualitative analysis, 25 samples selected conveniently were interviewed and the information gathered were thematically analysed. Chi-square test of significance was used to test the research hypotheses – to determine if the identified inhibiting factors of internet banking (Insecurity, poor power supply, complexity of use, and perceived risk) influence informed non-users’ resistance to internet banking adoption in Nigeria with respect to demographics: Age, Gender, Income, level of education. Cramer’s V was used to test the strength of the Chi-squared test results which substantiates the findings.
 The study corroborated results from the quantitative analysis with thematic evidence from the qualitative analysis which established the key research findings: Insecurity, poor power supply, complexity of use, perceived risk, poor internet network, and no perceived relative advantage are predominantly significant inhibiting factors that influence informed non-users’ resistance to internet banking adoption in Nigeria. However, only ‘Age’ demographic factor was found to have a significant influence on informed non-users’ resistance to internet banking with respect to 'complexity of use'.
 The originality of the study provides bank management, practitioners, and the Nigerian government the clue that unravels the indigenous issues hampering the use of internet banking in Nigeria and recommendations that can facilitate a high rate of internet banking adoption in Nigeria.
MPEC 2023-S235 : DAILY ORBIT UPDATE (2023 September 27)
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
The anisotropic oscillator on curved spaces: A new exactly solvable model
Creators: name: Ballesteros, Angel
name: Herranz, Francisco J.
name: Kuru, Sengul
name: Negro, Javier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new exactly solvable (classical and quantum) model that can be interpreted as the generalization to the two-dimensional sphere and to the hyperbolic space of the two-dimensional anisotropic oscillator with any pair of frequencies $ω_x$ and $ω_y$. The new curved Hamiltonian ${H}_κ$ depends on the curvature $κ$ of the underlying space as a deformation/contraction parameter, and the Liouville integrability of ${H}_κ$ relies on its separability in terms of geodesic parallel coordinates, which generalize the Cartesian coordinates of the plane. Moreover, the system is shown to be superintegrable for commensurate frequencies $ω_x: ω_y$, thus mimicking the behaviour of the flat Euclidean case, which is always recovered in the $κ\to 0$ limit. The additional constant of motion in the commensurate case is, as expected, of higher-order in the momenta and can be explicitly deduced by performing the classical factorization of the Hamiltonian. The known $1:1$ and $2:1$ anisotropic curved oscillators are recovered as particular cases of ${H}_κ$, meanwhile all the remaining $ω_x: ω_y$ curved oscillators define new superintegrable systems. Furthermore, the quantum Hamiltonian $\hat {H}_κ$ is fully constructed and studied by following a quantum factorization approach. In the case of commensurate frequencies, the Hamiltonian $\hat {H}_κ$ turns out to be quantum superintegrable and leads to a new exactly solvable quantum model. Its corresponding spectrum, that exhibits a maximal degeneracy, is explicitly given as an analytical deformation of the Euclidean eigenvalues in terms of both the curvature $κ$ and the Planck constant $\hbar$. In fact, such spectrum is obtained as a composition of two one-dimensional (either trigonometric or hyperbolic) Pösch-Teller set of eigenvalues.
description: 27 pages, 3 figures