cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Constructing Variable-Length PRPs and SPRPs from Fixed-Length PRPs
Creators: name: Cook, Debra L.
name: Yung, Moti
name: Keromytis, Angelos D.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2008
Subjects: Computer science

description: We create variable-length pseudorandom permutations (PRPs) and strong PRPs (SPRPs) accepting any input length chosen from the range of b to 2b bits from fixed-length, b-bit PRPs. We utilize the elastic network that underlies the recently introduced concrete design of elastic block ciphers, exploiting it as a network of PRPs. We prove that three and four-round elastic networks are variable-length PRPs and five-round elastic networks are variable-length SPRPs, accepting any input length that is fixed in the range of b to 2b bits, when the round functions are independently chosen fixed-length PRPs on b bits. We also prove that these are the minimum number of rounds required.
Self-isospectral tri-supersymmetry in PT-symmetric quantum systems with pure imaginary periodicity
Creators: name: Correa, Francisco
name: Plyushchay, Mikhail S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a reflectionless PT-symmetric quantum system described by the pair of complexified Scarf II potentials mutually displaced in the half of their pure imaginary period. Analyzing the rich set of intertwining discrete symmetries of the pair, we find an exotic supersymmetric structure based on three matrix differential operators that encode all the properties of the system, including its reflectionless (finite-gap) nature. The structure we revealed particularly sheds new light on the splitting of the discrete states into two families, related to the bound and resonance states in Hermitian Scarf II counterpart systems, on which two different series of irreducible representations of sl(2,C) are realized.
description: 31 pages, 5 figures. Published version
SARS-CoV-2 in severe COVID-19 induces a TGF-β-dominated chronic immune response that does not target itself
Creators: name: Ferreira-Gomes, Marta
name: Kruglov, Andrey
name: Durek, Pawel
name: Heinrich, Frederik
name: Tizian, Caroline
name: Heinz, Gitta Anne
name: Pascual-Reguant, Anna
name: Du, Weijie
name: Mothes, Ronja
name: Fan, Chaofan
name: Frischbutter, Stefan
name: Habenicht, Katharina
name: Budzinski, Lisa
name: Ninnemann, Justus
name: Jani, Peter K.
name: Guerra, Gabriela Maria
name: Lehmann, Katrin
name: Matz, Mareen
name: Ostendorf, Lennard
name: Heiberger, Lukas
name: Chang, Hyun-Dong
name: Bauherr, Sandy
name: Maurer, Marcus
name: Schönrich, Günther
name: Raftery, Martin
name: Kallinich, Tilmann
name: Mall, Marcus Alexander
name: Angermair, Stefan
name: Treskatsch, Sascha
name: Dörner, Thomas
name: Corman, Victor Max
name: Diefenbach, Andreas
name: Volk, Hans-Dieter
name: Elezkurtaj, Sefer
name: Winkler, Thomas H.
name: Dong, Jun
name: Hauser, Anja Erika
name: Radbruch, Helena
name: Witkowski, Mario
name: Melchers, Fritz
name: Radbruch, Andreas
name: Mashreghi, Mir-Farzin
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit
subject: antibodies
subject: antimicrobial responses
subject: next-generation sequencing
subject: viral infection

description: The pathogenesis of severe COVID-19 reflects an inefficient immune reaction to SARS-CoV-2. Here we analyze, at the single cell level, plasmablasts egressed into the blood to study the dynamics of adaptive immune response in COVID-19 patients requiring intensive care. Before seroconversion in response to SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, peripheral plasmablasts display a type 1 interferon-induced gene expression signature; however, following seroconversion, plasmablasts lose this signature, express instead gene signatures induced by IL-21 and TGF-β, and produce mostly IgG1 and IgA1. In the sustained immune reaction from COVID-19 patients, plasmablasts shift to the expression of IgA2, thereby reflecting an instruction by TGF-β. Despite their continued presence in the blood, plasmablasts are not found in the lungs of deceased COVID-19 patients, nor does patient IgA2 binds to the dominant antigens of SARS-CoV-2. Our results thus suggest that, in severe COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2 triggers a chronic immune reaction that is instructed by TGF-β, and is distracted from itself.
Seafloor Sediment Bacterial Community Profiling for Baselines and Environmental Effects Monitoring at a Deep-Sea Oil Production Site Offshore Nova Scotia, Canada
Creators: name: Stacey, Deidra Kathryn
Publisher: name: Science
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Environmental Effects Monitoring, Environmental baselines, Microbial ecology, Nova Scotia, Marine pollution, Offshore oil, Marine environmental monitoring, Marine ecosystem monitoring, 16S rRNA gene
subject: Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Microbiology
subject: Biology--Molecular
subject: Oceanography
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Monitoring effects of environmental pollution is a critical aspect to preserving ecosystem health, but is challenging if baseline conditions are never established. Microorganisms are the first responders in a marine pollution event, hence oil-degrading bacteria can be used to monitor dispersion and biodegradation of oil spills. Deep-water subsurface oil reservoirs are predicted to exist along the Scotian Slope offshore Nova Scotia. Seafloor sediment from 19 Scotian Slope stations spanning a ~70,000 km2 area were used to generate 51 bacterial 16S rRNA gene amplicon libraries (V3-V4 region) to form a DNA baseline. A 300-day-long mock oil spill experiment using Scotian Slope sediment identified potential bacterial bioindicators of pristine and contaminated conditions, relative to baseline, underpinning an environmental monitoring approach that is proposed. This study shows that bacterial rRNA gene amplicon sequencing offers a novel parameter for baselines and environmentally responsible development of offshore deep-water oil drilling in Canada and beyond.
An Overview of the SPRACH System for the Transcription of Broadcast News
Creators: name: Cook, Gary
name: Christie, James
name: Ellis, Daniel P. W.
name: Fosler-Lussier, Eric
name: Gotoh, Yoshi
name: Kingsbury, Brian
name: Morgan, Nelson
name: Renals, Steve
name: Robinson, Tony
name: Williams, Gethin
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1999
Subjects: Electrical engineering
Artificial intelligence

description: This paper describes the SPRACH system developed for the 1998 Hub-4E broadcast news evaluation. The system is based on the connectionist-HMM framework and uses both recurrent neural network and multi-layer perceptron acoustic models. We describe both a system designed for the primary transcription hub, and a system for the less-than 10 times real-time spoke. We then describe recent developments to CHRONOS, a time-first stack decoder. We show how these developments have simplified the evaluation system, and led to significant reductions in the error rate of the 10x real-time system. We also present a system designed to operate in real-time with negligible search error.
Three-Dimensional Tricritical Gravity
Creators: name: Bergshoeff, Eric A.
name: de Haan, Sjoerd
name: Merbis, Wout
name: Rosseel, Jan
name: Zojer, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a class of parity even, six-derivative gravity theories in three dimensions. After linearizing around anti-de Sitter space, the theories have one massless and two massive graviton solutions for generic values of the parameters. At a special, so-called tricritical, point in parameter space the two massive graviton solutions become massless and they are replaced by two solutions with logarithmic and logarithmic-squared boundary behavior. The theory at this point is conjectured to be dual to a rank-3 Logarithmic Conformal Field Theory (LCFT) whose boundary stress tensor, central charges and new anomaly we calculate. We also calculate the conserved Abbott-Deser-Tekin charges. At the tricritical point, these vanish for excitations that obey Brown-Henneaux and logarithmic boundary conditions, while they are generically non-zero for excitations that show logarithmic-squared boundary behavior. This suggests that a truncation of the tricritical gravity theory and its corresponding dual LCFT can be realized either via boundary conditions on the allowed gravitational excitations, or via restriction to a zero charge sub-sector. We comment on the structure of the truncated theory.
description: 37 pages, 2 figures; v2: added reference; published version
The Security of Elastic Block Ciphers Against Key-Recovery Attacks
Creators: name: Cook, Debra L.
name: Yung, Moti
name: Keromytis, Angelos D.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2007
Subjects: Computer science

description: We analyze the security of elastic block ciphers against key-recovery attacks. An elastic version of a fixed-length block cipher is a variable-length block cipher that supports any block size in the range of one to two times the length of the original block. Our method for creating an elastic block cipher involves inserting the round function of the original cipher into a substitution-permutation network. In this paper, we form a polynomial-time reduction between the elastic and original versions of the cipher by exploiting the underlying network structure. We prove that the elastic version of a cipher is secure against a given key-recovery attack if the original cipher is secure against such an attack. Our analysis is based on the general structure of elastic block ciphers (i.e., the network‘s structure, the composition methods between rounds in the network and the keying methodology) and is independent of the specific cipher.
title: The prevalence of cannabis use disorder in individuals with anxiety or related disorders: a systematic review
Creators: name: Coles, Ashlee R. L.
Publisher: name: Memorial University of Newfoundland
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04haebc03
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: The self-medication of underlying mental health symptoms is a primary reason for cannabis consumption, driving variation in the prevalence of Cannabis Use Disorder (CUD) in Anxiety and Related Disorders (ARDs). The current study aimed to systematically review predictors of CUD in individuals with a comorbid ARD diagnosis. An online search was conducted in January 2023 with a Boolean search phrase incorporating keywords related to CUD and ARDs in PubMed, PsycInfo, and WoS. Articles were included if participants/estimates were (a) at least 18 years of age; (b) prospectively assigned a diagnosis of current ARD supported by a clinician interview; c) diagnosed with current or lifetime CUD, cannabis dependence, or abuse via an interview or empirically validated screening tools; and (d) recruited from representative samples. A total of 1057 articles were screened. Five studies for the prevalence of CUD in ARDs (N = 10,896) met the inclusion criteria. Amongst these studies, the proportion of individuals with CUD in any ARD ranged from 3.3% to 19.8%. Amongst veterans with PTSD, four studies met inclusion criteria (N = 1,329), whereby the prevalence ranged from 4.2% to 34%. All results were synthesized narratively. There is a lack of research using clinician-administered interviews to identify accurate prevalence estimates in the literature, resulting in few studies. Studies failed to aggregate estimates of comorbid CUD in specific ARDs, making it difficult to ascertain whether different ARDs are at a higher risk of developing comorbid CUD. Despite methodological variation, this systematic review suggests that individuals with current ARDs may be at risk of developing comorbid CUD in their lifetime. However, future research should incorporate control groups and conduct cross-cultural studies to determine the extent of this relationship accurately.
Alternative carbon price trajectories can avoid excessive carbon removal
Creators: name: Strefler, Jessica
name: Kriegler, Elmar
name: Bauer, Nico
name: Luderer, Gunnar
name: Pietzcker, Robert C.
name: Giannousakis, Anastasis
name: Edenhofer, Ottmar
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::330 Wirtschaft::333 Boden- und Energiewirtschaft
subject: climate-change mitigation
subject: climate sciences
subject: environmental sciences

description: The large majority of climate change mitigation scenarios that hold warming below 2 °C show high deployment of carbon dioxide removal (CDR), resulting in a peak-and-decline behavior in global temperature. This is driven by the assumption of an exponentially increasing carbon price trajectory which is perceived to be economically optimal for meeting a carbon budget. However, this optimality relies on the assumption that a finite carbon budget associated with a temperature target is filled up steadily over time. The availability of net carbon removals invalidates this assumption and therefore a different carbon price trajectory should be chosen. We show how the optimal carbon price path for remaining well below 2 °C limits CDR demand and analyze requirements for constructing alternatives, which may be easier to implement in reality. We show that warming can be held at well below 2 °C at much lower long-term economic effort and lower CDR deployment and therefore lower risks if carbon prices are high enough in the beginning to ensure target compliance, but increase at a lower rate after carbon neutrality has been reached.
Sag Harbor First Presbyterian Church Register, 1797-1912
Creators: name: (:Unas)
Publisher: name: Sag Harbor First Presbyterian Church
Year: 1797
Subjects: Recording & registration
Church records
Organizations
Churches
Presbyterian churches
Sag Harbor

description: This volume contains records of marriages and baptisms from 1797 through1835 and 1832 respectively. There are also records of deaths, which appear to be 1797 through 1815. Church meetings, which seem to be some sort of attempt to address unbecoming behavior and controversies between members, run from 1806 until 1834.
Soundtrack classification by transient events
Creators: name: Cotton, Courtenay Valentine
name: Ellis, Daniel P. W.
name: Loui, Alexander C.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: Electrical engineering

description: We present a method for video classification based on information in the soundtrack. Unlike previous approaches which describe the audio via statistics of mel-frequency cepstral coefficient (MFCC) features calculated on uniformly-spaced frames, we investigate an approach to focusing our representation on audio transients corresponding to sound-track events. These event-related features can reflect the "foreground" of the soundtrack and capture its short-term temporal structure better than conventional frame-based statistics. We evaluate our method on a test set of 1873 YouTube videos labeled with 25 semantic concepts. Retrieval results based on transient features alone are comparable to an MFCC-based system, and fusing the two representations achieves a relative improvement of 7.5% in mean average precision (MAP).
Actions and identities on set partitions
Creators: name: Marberg, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A labeled set partition is a partition of a set of integers whose arcs are labeled by nonzero elements of an abelian group $A$. Inspired by the action of the linear characters of the unitriangular group on its supercharacters, we define a group action of $A^n$ on the set of $A$-labeled partitions of an $(n+1)$-set. By investigating the orbit decomposition of various families of set partitions under this action, we derive new combinatorial proofs of Coker's identity for the Narayana polynomial and its type B analogue, and establish a number of other related identities. In return, we also prove some enumerative results concerning André and Neto's supercharacter theories of type B and D.
description: 28 pages; v3: material revised with additional final section
Methods for Linear and Differential Cryptanalysis of Elastic Block Ciphers
Creators: name: Cook, Debra L.
name: Yung, Moti
name: Keromytis, Angelos D.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2008
Subjects: Computer science

description: The elastic block cipher design employs the round function of a given, b-bit block cipher in a black box fashion, embedding it in a network structure to construct a family of ciphers in a uniform manner. The family is parameterized by block size, for any size between b and 2b. The design assures that the overall workload for encryption is proportional to the block size. When considering the approach taken in elastic block ciphers, the question arises as to whether cryptanalysis results, including methods of analysis and bounds on security, for the original fixed-sized cipher are lost or, since original components of the cipher are used, whether previous analysis can be applied or reused in some manner. With this question in mind, we analyze elastic block ciphers and consider the security against two basic types of attacks, linear and differential cryptanalysis. We show how they can be related to the corresponding security of the fixed-length version of the cipher. Concretely, we develop techniques that take advantage of relationships between the structure of the elastic network and the original version of the cipher, independently of the cipher. This approach demonstrates how one can build upon existing components to allow cryptanalysis within an extended structure (a topic which may be of general interest outside of elastic block ciphers). We show that any linear attack on an elastic block cipher can be converted efficiently into a linear attack on the fixed-length version of the cipher by converting the equations used to attack the elastic version to equations for the fixed-length version. We extend the result to any algebraic attack. We then define a general method for deriving the differential characteristic bound of an elastic block cipher using the differential bound on a single round of the fixed-length version of the cipher. The structure of elastic block ciphers allows us to use a state transition method to compute differentials for the elastic version from differentials of the round function of the original cipher.
A broadband cavity-enhanced spectrometer for atmospheric trace gas measurements and Rayleigh scattering cross sections in the cyan region (470–540 nm)
Creators: name: Jordan, Nick
name: Ye, Connie Z.
name: Ghosh, Satyaki
name: Washenfelder, Rebecca A.
name: Brown, Steven S.
name: Osthoff, Hans D.
Publisher: name: Copernicus
Year: 2019

description: An incoherent broadband cavity-enhanced absorption spectroscopy (IBBCEAS) instrument for quantification of atmospheric trace gases that absorb in the cyan region of the electromagnetic spectrum (470 to 540 nm), including NO2and I2, is described. The instrument uses a light-emitting diode coupled to a 1 m optical cavity consisting of a pair of mirrors in stable resonator configuration. Transmitted light is monitored using a grating spectrometer and charge-coupled device array detector. The average mirror reflectivity was determined from the N2/He and Ar/He ratios of scattering coefficients and was∼99.98 % at its maximum, yielding an effective optical path length of 6.3 km. Cross sections of N2, O2, air, Ar, CO2, and CH4 scattering and of O4 absorption were measured and agree with literature values within the measurement uncertainty. Trace gas mixing ratios were retrieved using the spectral fitting software DOA-SIS (DOAS intelligent system) from 480 to 535 nm. Under laboratory conditions, the 60 s, 1σ measurement precisions were ±124 and ±44 pptv for NO2and I2, respectively. The IBBCEAS instrument sampled ambient air in Ucluelet, BC,Canada, in July 2015. IBBCEAS retrievals agreed with in-dependent measurements of NO2by blue diode laser cavity ring-down spectroscopy (r2=0.975), but ambient I2concentrations were below the detection limit.
Does the screening version of the Psychopathy Checklist measure the same disorder in males and females?
Creators: name: Balmer-Labrecque, Jenessa Erin
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The Psychopathy Checklist: Screening Version (PCL:SV) is a tool used to measure the construct of psychopathy in males and females. From a psychometric standpoint, the PCL:SV is administered and scored in the same manner for male and female respondents. The aim of the current study is to investigate using scale and item level statistical techniques if the PCL:SV measures the construct of psychopathy equivalently for males and females. Given the Likert-type nature of the item responses, both Pearson and polychoric correlation techniques were employed in order to compare the more commonly used Pearson to the psychometrically correct polychoric. At the scale level, some PCL:SV items loaded differently for males and females, and not in a manner found in the literature. At the item level, only four items displayed DIF, and the DIF for these items was minimal. These findings suggest that the PCL:SV is measuring the same construct of psychopathy for males and females, but more clearly defines the construct of psychopathy for male respondents. This may, in part, be due to the ways in which males and females express psychopathy; in which case the construct of psychopathy itself needs to be revisited.
Triplatyx dubius Jensen-Haarup 1931
Creators: name: Kment, P.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Pentatomidae
Triplatyx
Triplatyx dubius

description: Triplatyx dubius Jensen-Haarup, 1931
(Figs. 3 a-c)
M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: MADAGASCAR (occ.): Vohibory, v. 1941, 1 ♂, Abadie lgt., Cachan det. as T. dubius, P. Kment revid. (BMNH).
description: Published as part of Kment, P., 2011, Triplatyx ribesi sp. nov., a new species of Pentatomidae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) from Madagascar, pp. 279-286 in Heteropterus Revista de Entomología 11 on page 286
Bond disorder and breakdown of ballistic heat transport in the spin-1/2 antiferromagnetic Heisenberg chain as seen in Ca-doped SrCuO2
Creators: name: Hlubek, N.
name: Ribeiro, P.
name: Saint-Martin, R.
name: Nishimoto, S.
name: Revcolevschi, A.
name: Drechsler, S. -L.
name: Behr, G.
name: Trinckauf, J.
name: Hamann-Borrero, J. E.
name: Geck, J.
name: Büchner, B.
name: Hess, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the impact of a weak bond disorder on the spinon heat transport in the S=1/2 antiferromagnetic (AFM) Heisenberg chain material Sr_{1-x}Ca_xCuO_2. We observe a drastic suppression in the magnetic heat conductivity kappa_mag even at tiny disorder levels (i.e., Ca-doping levels), in stark contrast to previous findings for kappa_mag of S=1/2 two-dimensional square lattice and two-leg spin-ladder systems, where a similar bond disorder has no effect on kappa_mag. Hence, our results underpin the exceptional role of integrability of the S=1/2 AFM Heisenberg chain model and suggest that the bond disorder effectively destroys the ballistic nature of its heat transport. We further show that the suppression of kappa_mag is captured by an effective spinon-impurity scattering length, which exhibits the same doping dependence as the long-distance exponential decay length of the spin-spin correlation as determined by density-matrix renormalization group calculations.
THE ROLE OF ROLE-PLAY IN ENHANCING EFL WRITING DEVELOPMENT
Creators: name: Axrorova, Munisaxon
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: This study explores the impact of role-play activities on developing writing skills in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learners. While role-play is traditionally associated with speaking practice, its influence on writing skills remains underexplored. The study examines how engaging in role-play enhances learners’ creativity, idea organization, and written expression. A mixed-methods approach, incorporating pre- and post-tests, surveys, and classroom observations, was employed to assess the effectiveness of role-play-based writing instruction. The findings indicate that students who participated in role-play activities demonstrated improved narrative coherence, richer vocabulary usage, and greater engagement in writing tasks. Moreover, role-play fosters a deeper connection between spoken and written discourse, enabling learners to internalize structures and vocabulary before applying them in writing. The study concludes that incorporating role-play into EFL writing instruction can be a valuable pedagogical strategy to enhance both fluency and accuracy in written production.
Automating geoprocessing tasks to create city wide layers
Creators: name: Truong, Renna
Publisher: name: Libraries and Cultural Resources
Year: 2019
Subjects: ArcPy
ArcGIS
Python

description: Annually, Spatial and Numeric Data Services (SANDS) receives 434 Digital Aerial Survey (DAS) datasets, in AutoCAD format, from the City of Calgary. Each dataset covers an Alberta Township System (ATS) section (Figure 1) and is made up of five layers containing “surface features and topography” information “derived from 1:5000 aerial photos”1. University of Calgary students regularly utilize these files in their research, however, in some cases they are looking for specific features covering an area much larger than an ATS section and in a more geographic information system (GIS) friendly format. To derive city wide products, from the DAS files, required reiterating through numerous geoprocessing operations. These repetitive and time consuming tasks were automated and accomplished within a day, using Python and ArcPy, instead of weeks if executed manually. The next section details the steps that were taken to create the outputs.
{sets} -- A lightweight constraint programming language based on ROBDDs
Creators: name: Cohen, Haim
name: Edwards, Stephen A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2007
Subjects: Computer science

description: Constraint programming is a step toward ideal programming: you merely define the problem domain and the constraints the solution must meet and let the computer do the rest. Many constraint programming languages have been developed; the majority of them employ iterative constraint propagation over the problem variables. While such an approach solves many problems and can handle very rich data types, it is often too inefficient to be practical. To address this problem, we developed a constraint programming language called {sets} that uses reduced ordered binary decision diagrams (ROBDDs) as the solution engine. Providing a minimal syntax, the language can be used to solve many finite problems that fit the constraint programming paradigm. The minimal syntax and simple semantics of the language enable the user to create libraries customized for a specific problem domain. {sets} is particularly useful in problems where an efficient search algorithm yet know to exist or can not be developed due to time constraints. As long as the solution domain is finite and discrete, {sets} should be able to describe the problem and search for a solution. We describe the {sets} language through a series of examples, show how it is compiled into C++ code that uses a public-domain ROBDD library, and compare the performance of this language with other constraint languages.
CryptoGraphics: Secret Key Cryptography Using Graphics Cards
Creators: name: Cook, Debra L.
name: Ioannidis, John
name: Keromytis, Angelos D.
name: Luck, Jake
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2005
Subjects: Computer science

description: We study the feasibility of using Graphics Processing Units (GPUs) for cryptographic processing, by exploiting the ability for GPUs to simultaneously process large quantities of pixels, to offload symmetric key encryption from the main processor. We demonstrate the use of GPUs for applying the key stream when using stream ciphers. We also investigate the use of GPUs for block ciphers, discuss operations that make certain ciphers unsuitable for use with a GPU, and compare the performance of an OpenGL-based implementation of AES with implementations utilizing general CPUs. While we conclude that existing symmetric key ciphers are not suitable for implementation within a GPU given present APIs, we discuss the applicability of moving encryption and decryption into the GPU to image processing, including the handling of displays in thin-client applications and streaming video, in scenarios in which it is desired to limit exposure of the plaintext to within the GPU on untrusted clients.
gore: Routing-Assisted Defense Against DDoS Attacks
Creators: name: Chou, Stephen T.
name: Stavrou, Angelos
name: Ioannidis, John
name: Keromytis, Angelos D.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2005
Subjects: Computer science

description: We present gore, a routing-assisted defense architecture against distributed denial of service (DDoS) attacks that provides guaranteed levels of access to a network under attack. Our approach uses routing to redirect all traffic destined to a customer under attack to strategically-located gore proxies, where servers filter out attack traffic and forward authorized traffic toward its intended destination. Our architecture can be deployed incrementally by individual ISPs, does not require any collaboration between ISPs, and requires no modifications to either server- or client- software. Clients can be authorized through a web interface that screens legitimate users from outsiders or automated zombies. Authenticated clients are granted limited-time access to the network under attack. The gore architecture allows ISPs to offer DDoS defenses as a value-added service, providing necessary incentives for the deployment of such defenses. We constructed a PC-based testbed to evaluate the performance and scalability of gore. Our preliminary results show that gore is a viable approach, as its impact on the filtered traffic is minimal, in terms of both end-to-end latency and effective throughput. Furthermore, gore can easily be scaled up as needed to support larger numbers of clients and customers using inexpensive commodity PCs.
Notes on the orbital angular momentum of quarks in the nucleon
Creators: name: Hatta, Yoshitaka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the orbital angular momentum of partons inside a longitudinally polarized proton in the recently proposed framework of spin decomposition. The quark orbital angular momentum defined by Ji can be decomposed into the `canonical' and the `potential' angular momentum parts, both of which are represented as the matrix element of a manifestly gauge invariant operator.
description: 11 pages; v2. added comments and references on the Wigner distribution approach; v3. improved presentation, to appear in Phys.Lett.B
The ongoing of closed abdominal trauma management depending on the number of the damaged organs.
Creators: name: Dogjani, Agron
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Closed Abdominal Trauma, Injured Organs, Early Diagnosis, Resuscitation, NOM, OM

description: Introduction: In the framework of Polytrama, abdominal trauma itself is the main cause of early deaths worldwide and because of that it stands at second place after AIDS. The aim of this study is: To facts about the causes of closed abdominal trauma, to confirm the incidence of closed abdominal traumas dealing with ages, sex, etc. The ongoing closed abdominal trauma depending on the mode of treatment, conservative or surgical one. The damages ratio of solid and nonsolid organs to closed abdominal trauma. Materials and Methods; The present study had a prospective character and it has been realized within the period of time from June 2004 to April 2005. In our study are included 77 trauma cases admitting at National Trauma Center in Tirana, Albania. The sample of the population was chosen by chance which means that this study is included all trauma cases presenting at the emergency department having no study limitation Results; There are included in this study 77 patients, male 61 patients 79.2 % female 16 or 20.8%. Based on the mechanism of trauma, there were; a - MVA 46 (59.7%); b- Falling from height (FfH) 19 (24.7%); c - Hitting with strong objects (HsO) 12 ( 15.6 %) of all cases. The mode of patient’s transportation after trauma was as followings; a - private car 32 (55.8%); b - ambulances 32 (41.6%); c - helicopters 2 (2.6%) of cases. The admission time in hospital was as followings: a - Immediately 65 (84.4%); b- after 6 hours 6 (7.8 %); c - after 24 hours 6 (7.8%) of cases. It was important to emphasize that in our study all routine exams were carried out for all patients, the positives of FAST was 84.4% (95% from literature); LPD in 4 cases resulted in 100 % positively (98% from literature). Based on the way of treatment there was NOM in 14 (31.2%) and with OM in 53 (68.8%) of the cases. The time of surgery was a - within 1-2 hours 8 (15.1%); b - after 2-6 hours 18 (34%), c - after 6- 24 hours 17 (32.1%); d- after 24 hours 10 (18.9%) of cases. Conclusions; The progress of patients with closed abdominal trauma has a close relationship with The number of injured organs. According to our study its went in arithmetical progression with the number of damaged organs. The number or presence of EAI organs was important which worsen patient conditions and influence the prognosis. The time of hospitalization of patients has a lot to do with the result. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment can save many lives the progress of the patients
Conversion and Proxy Functions for Symmetric Key Ciphers
Creators: name: Cook, Debra L.
name: Keromytis, Angelos D.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2005
Subjects: Computer science

description: As a general design criterion, a symmetric key cipher should not be closed under functional composition due to the implications on the security of the cipher. However, there are scenarios in which this property is desirable and can be obtained without reducing the security of a cipher by increasing the computational workload of the cipher. We expand the idea of a symmetric key cipher being closed under functional composition to a more general scenario where there exists a function that converts the ciphertext resulting from encryption under a specific key to the ciphertext corresponding to encryption with another key. We show how to perform such a conversion without exposing the plaintext. We discuss the tradeoff between the computational workload and security, and the relationship between such conversions and proxy cryptography. We conclude with a description of some practical applications of our results.
Session Records, 1835-1868 and Church Members, 1791-1868
Creators: name: (:Unas)
Publisher: name: Sag Harbor First Presbyterian Church
Year: 1791
Subjects: Recording & registration
Church records
Organizations
Churches
Presbyterian churches
Sag Harbor

description: This volume has church Session Records from 1835 through 1868. There are also records of church members from 1791 through 1868, although these records may have been copied after 1791.
Spin transition in LaCoO3 investigated by resonant soft X-ray emission spectroscopy
Creators: name: Magnuson, M.
name: Butorin, S. M.
name: Såthe, C.
name: Nordgren, J.
name: Ravindran, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spin transition in LaCoO3 is investigated by temperature-dependent resonant soft X-ray emission spectroscopy near the Co 2p absorption edges. This element-specific technique is more bulk sensitive with respect to the temperature induced spin-state of the Co3+ ions in LaCoO3 than other high-energy spectroscopic methods. The spin transition is interpreted and discussed with ab-initio density-functional theory within the fixed-spin moment method, which is found to yield consistent spectral functions to the experimental data. The spectral changes for LaCoO3 as a function of temperature suggest a change in spin-state as the temperature is raised from 85 to 300 K while the system remains in the same spin state as the temperature is further increased to 510 K.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures
Speech Feature Smoothing for Robust ASR
Creators: name: Chen, Chia-Ping
name: Bilmes, Jeff
name: Ellis, Daniel P. W.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2005
Subjects: Electrical engineering
Artificial intelligence

description: In this paper, we evaluate smoothing within the context of the MVA (mean subtraction, variance normalization, and ARMA filtering) post-processing scheme for noise-robust automatic speech recognition. MVA has shown great success in the past on the Aurora 2.0 and 3.0 corpora even though it is computationally inexpensive. Herein, MVA is applied to many acoustic feature extraction methods, and is evaluated using Aurora 2.0. We evaluate MVA post-processing on MFCCs, LPCs, PLPs, RASTA, Tandem, Modulation-filtered Spectrogram, and Modulation Cross- CorreloGram features. We conclude that while effectiveness does depend on the extraction method, the majority of features benefit significantly from MVA, and the smoothing ARMA filter is an important component. It appears that the effectiveness of normalization and smoothing depends on the domain in which it is applied, being most fruitfully applied just before being scored by a probabilistic model. Moreover, since it is both effective and simple, our ARMA filter should be considered a candidate method in most noise-robust speech recognition tasks.
Epitaph for Laurentius, a doctor, and his wife Prosdocia
Creators: name: Prag, Jonathan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Sicily
subject: epigraphy
subject: http://vocab.getty.edu/page/aat/300138808
subject: https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/462492

description: TEI EpiDoc record
The turnpike theorems for Markov games
Creators: name: Kolokoltsov, Vassili
name: Yang, Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper has a two-folded purpose. First, we attempt to outline the development of the turnpike theorems in the the last several decades. Second, we study turnpike theorems in finite-horizon two-person zero-sum Markov games on a general Borel state space. Utilising the Bellman (or Shapley) operator defined for this game, we prove the stochastic versions of the early turnpike theorem on the set of optimal strategies and the middle turnpike theorem on the distribution of the state space.
description: The paper has been submitted to Dynamic Games and Applications for publication
Temperance Society Minutes, 1829-1839
Creators: name: Sag Harbor First Presbyterian Church Temperance Society
name: Sag Harbor First Presbyterian Church
Publisher: name: Sag Harbor First Presbyterian Church Temperance Society
Year: 1829
Subjects: Sag Harbor
Churches
Presbyterian churches
Recording & registration
Organizations
Temperance

description: This volume contains the meeting minutes of the church-sponsored Temperance Society from 1829 through 1839. Other volumes of the Temperance Society exist within the Sag Harbor First Presbyterian Church's records.
description: This item is part of the archives and records of the Sag Harbor First Presbyterian Church, also known as the Old Whalers' Church. The records were loaned to the Long Island Collection for digitzation purposes, and then returned to the Church.
NDL: A Domain-Specific Language for Device Drivers
Creators: name: Conway, Christopher L.
name: Edwards, Stephen A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2004
Subjects: Computer science

description: Device drivers are difficult to write and error-prone. They are usually written in C, a fairly low-level language with minimal type safety and little support for device semantics. As a result, they have become a major source of instability in operating system code. This paper presents NDL, a language for device drivers. NDL provides high-level abstractions of device resources and constructs tailored to describing common device driver operations. We show that NDL allows for the coding of a semantically correct driver with a code size reduction of more than 50% and a minimal impact on performance.
Management of the traumatic Diaphragmatic injuries. Some cases Reports.
Creators: name: Dogjani, Agron
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2006
Subjects: Keywords: diaphragmatic injuries, Blunt abdominal trauma...

description: Diaphragmatic injuries (DI) are relatively rare and are due to blunt & penetrate thoracic & abdominal trauma or combined with polytrauma. Material and methods; In this study will try that by several cases presented make possible the presentation of experiences from our treatment of pathology such although rare but quite complex and for the possible diagnostic and treatment services for themselves the features that it has by comparing them with literature data associated with the images of these cases our own original. Questions to be raised are. Thorough examinations are conducted, the treatment of the next step...? Do we have the opportunity to diagnose in time DI, etc. Discussion; DI often is accompanied by other associated injuries that affected the progress and prognosis of the patient. They are more frequent in BAT; M / F (4/1). The favorite age is in the 30s. and was affected more in the left side than in the right side of diaphragmatic injury and only 1.5% of cases were bilateral. The symptoms are varied and range from the lack of them to the instability of the patient accompanied by visceral injuries. The diagnosis was difficult, however, it is the product of the mechanism of trauma and lack of clinical signs in stable patients who had no urgent indication for OM. Conclusions: If the DI diagnosis is not made within the first 24 hours, then setting a precise diagnose can spend per month and year, so 10-50% of blunt injuries (and the high percentage of trauma penetrate ) were diagnosed later. This number is decreased constantly because we have a growing level of knowledge in this field and an increase in diagnostic methods.
Impact of diesel exhaust inhalation on the heart and blood vessels
Creators: name: Bai, Ni
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Numerous epidemiological studies have shown that exposure to ambient particulate matter (PM) is implicated in increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality; however, the biological mechanisms are not fully understood. Diesel exhaust (DE) is the single biggest contributor to the urban ambient PM, and accounts for up to 90% of the total mass of fine particulate mass in ambient air of many major cities, such as London. In this dissertation, I evaluated the effects of DE inhalation at an environmentally relevant level in a mouse model of atherosclerosis, the apolipoprotein E deficient (apoE knockout) mouse. I hypothesized that exposure to DE causes progression of atherosclerosis and vascular dysfunction, which leads to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. I used a morphometric analysis to determine the compositional changes in atherosclerotic plaques, and showed that DE inhalation increased lipid accumulation, foam cell formation and smooth muscle cell recruitment in plaques, whereby suggesting a progression of atherogenesis. The magnitude of DE deposition in the lung correlates with foam cell formation suggesting a strong link between DE inhalation and atherogenesis. Oxidative stress markers, including CD36 and nitrotyrosine, were all increased after exposure to DE, suggesting that reactive oxygen species played an important role in this vascular effect. In addition, I showed that exposure to DE up-regulated iNOS and COX2 expression at both protein and mRNA levels in blood vessel and heart tissue. A functional study of blood vessels showed no impairment of acetylcholine (ACh) relaxation, but the sodium nitroprusside-stimulated endothelium-independent relaxation was enhanced following DE exposure. This could be partly explained by an increase in soluble guanylate cyclase expression in blood vessels. However, there was attenuated phenylephrine (PE)-stimulated vasoconstriction induced by DE exposure. An increased iNOS-derived NO production and up-regulation of COX2 could contribute to this attenuated constriction. In conclusion, I demonstrate that DE inhalation alters the composition of atherosclerotic plaque resulting in unstable plaques that are vulnerable to rupture. Oxidative stress and iNOS up-regulation contribute to these DE exposure-induced vascular effects. We postulate that compensatory effects are activated to minimize the deleterious impact of DE exposure on vascular function.
Large-scale multimodal semantic concept detection for consumer video
Creators: name: Chang, Shih-Fu
name: Ellis, Daniel P. W.
name: Jiang, Wei
name: Lee, Keansub
name: Yanagawa, Akira
name: Loui, Alexander C.
name: Luo, Jiebo
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2007
Subjects: Electrical engineering
Information science

description: In this paper we present a systematic study of automatic classification of consumer videos into a large set of diverse semantic concept classes, which have been carefully selected based on user studies and extensively annotated over 1300+ videos from real users. Our goals are to assess the state of the art of multimedia analytics (including both audio and visual analysis) in consumer video classification and to discover new research opportunities. We investigated several statistical approaches built upon global/local visual features, audio features, and audio-visual combinations. Three multi-modal fusion frameworks (ensemble, context fusion, and joint boosting) are also evaluated. Experiment results show that visual and audio models perform best for different sets of concepts. Both provide significant contributions to multimodal fusion, via expansion of the classifier pool for context fusion and the feature bases for feature sharing. The fused multimodal models are shown to significantly reduce the detection errors (compared to single modality models), resulting in a promising accuracy of 83% over diverse concepts. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work on systematic investigation of multimodal classification using a large-scale ontology and realistic video corpus.
Level spacings for weakly asymmetric real random matrices and application to two-color QCD with chemical potential
Creators: name: Bloch, Jacques
name: Bruckmann, Falk
name: Meyer, Nils
name: Schierenberg, Sebastian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider antisymmetric perturbations of real symmetric matrices in the context of random matrix theory and two-color quantum chromodynamics. We investigate the level spacing distributions of eigenvalues that remain real or become complex conjugate pairs under the perturbation. We work out analytical surmises from small matrices and show that they describe the level spacings of large random matrices. As expected from symmetry arguments, these level spacings also apply to the overlap Dirac operator for two-color QCD with chemical potential.
description: 23 pages, 6 figures, 1 animation; minor corrections, references added, as published in JHEP