cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Reconstructing Galaxy Histories from Globular Clusters
Creators: name: West, Michael J.
name: Cote, Patrick
name: Marzke, Ronald O.
name: Jordan, Andres
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nearly a century after the true nature of galaxies as distant "island universes" was established, their origin and evolution remain great unsolved problems of modern astrophysics. One of the most promising ways to investigate galaxy formation is to study the ubiquitous globular star clusters that surround most galaxies. Recent advances in our understanding of the globular cluster systems of the Milky Way and other galaxies point to a complex picture of galaxy genesis driven by cannibalism, collisions, bursts of star formation and other tumultuous events.
description: Review Article published in Nature, 1 January 2004. 18 pages, 4 figures, pdf format only
Additional file 1 of Piloting an ICU follow-up clinic to improve health-related quality of life in ICU survivors after a prolonged intensive care stay (PINA): study protocol for a pilot randomised controlled trial
Creators: name: Rohr, M.
name: S. Brandstetter
name: C. Bernardi
name: C. Fisser
name: K. P. Drewitz
name: V. Brunnthaler
name: K. Schmidt
name: M. V. Malfertheiner
name: C. J. Apfelbacher
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1:. SPIRIT 2013 Checklist: Recommended items to address in a clinical trial protocol and related documents
Altered Maxwell equations in the length gauge
Creators: name: Reiss, H.R.
Publisher: name: American University (Washington, D.C.); Max Born Institute
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 51
subject: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The length gauge uses a scalar potential to describe a laser field, thus treating it as a longitudinal field rather than as a transverse field. This distinction is revealed in the fact that the Maxwell equations that relate to the length gauge are not the same as those for transverse fields. In particular, a source term is necessary in the length-gauge Maxwell equations, whereas the Coulomb-gauge description of plane waves possesses the basic property of transverse fields that they propagate with no source terms at all. This difference is shown to be importantly consequential in some previously unremarked circumstances; and it explains why the G¨oppert-Mayer gauge transformation does not provide the security that might be expected of full gauge equivalence.
Unorganized Money Markets and 'Unproductive' Assets in the New Structuralist Critique of Financial Liberalization
Creators: name: Owen, P. Dorian
name: Solis-Fallas, Otton
name: Owen, P. Dorian
name: Solis-Fallas, Otton
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1988
Subjects: Financial Economics

description: The new structuralists' critique of financial liberalization emphasizes the role of informal credit markets in financing firms' residual credit demand in LDCs and the relevance of households' portfolio substitution patterns. The sensitivity of their policy conclusions is demonstrated in the context of a representative model developed by van Wijnbergen; the relative efficiency of intermediation in the formal and informal credit markets crucially affects the outcome of the portfolio allocation effects generated by higher bank deposit rates. An anomaly in the characterization of 'unproductive' assets in defining credit supply is also examined.
NLTE for APOGEE: Simultaneous Multi-Element NLTE Radiative Transfer
Creators: name: Osorio, Yeisson
name: Allende-Prieto, Carlos
name: Hubeny, Ivan
name: Meszaros, Szabolcs
name: Shetrone, Matthew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The new version of TLUSTY allows for the calculation of restricted NLTE in cool stars using pre-calculated opacity tables. We demonstrate that TLUSTY gives consistent results with MULTI, a well-tested code for NLTE in cool stars. We use TLUSTY to perform LTE and a series of NLTE calculations of Na, Mg, K and Ca using all combinations of 1, 2, 3 and the 4 elements mentioned above simultaneously in NLTE. In this work we take into account how departures from LTE in one element can affect others through changes in the opacities due to NLTE. We find that atomic Mg, which provides strong UV opacity, and shows departures from LTE in the low-energy states, can impact the NLTE populations of Ca, leading to abundance corrections as large as 0.07 dex. The differences in the derived abundances between the single-element and the multi-element cases can exceed those between the single-element NLTE and an LTE analysis, warning that this is not always a second-order effect. By means of detailed tests for three stars with reliable atmospheric parameters (Arcturus, Procyon and the Sun) we conclude that our NLTE calculations provide abundance corrections in the optical up to 0.1, 0.2 and 0.7 dex for Ca, Na and K, but LTE is a good approximation for Mg. In the H-band, NLTE corrections are much smaller, under 0.1 dex. The derived NLTE abundances in the optical and in the IR are consistent. For all four elements, in all three stars, NLTE line profiles fit better the observations than the LTE counterparts. For elements where over-ionisation is an important NLTE mechanism are likely affected by departures from LTE in Mg . Special care must be taken with the collisions adopted for high-lying levels when calculating NLTE profiles of lines in the H-band. The derived NLTE corrections in the optical and in the H-band differ, but the derived NLTE abundances are consistent between the two spectral regions.
Testing for Financial Buffer Stocks in Sectoral Portfolio Models
Creators: name: Owen, P. Dorian
name: Owen, P. Dorian
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1989
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy
Financial Economics

description: Empirical implementation of the buffer stock money (DSM) notion tends to concentrate either on the 'shock absorber aspects or the 'spillover' ('disequilibrium money') aspects but rarely combines both. Moreover, a potential buffer role for non-money assets is usually precluded without explicit empirical testing. This paper examines the role of financial buffers in an ex ante sedtoral model of expenditure and portfolio behaviour incorporating both the shock absorber and spillover aspects in terms of cross-equation parameter restrictions. These are tested for a range of different assets and liabilities using quarterly data for the UK personal sector.
Urban agriculture at UBC : you bet!
Creators: name: Anami, Michelle
name: Cheung, Doris
name: Fox, Lindsey
name: Martens, Briony
name: Salehi, Delara
name: Van Veelen, Natalie
name: Wolfe, Kelsey
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: Disclaimer: “UBC SEEDS provides students with the opportunity to share the findings of their studies, as well as their opinions, conclusions and recommendations with the UBC community. The reader should bear in mind that this is a student project/report and is not an official document of UBC. Furthermore readers should bear in mind that these reports may not reflect the current status of activities at UBC. We urge you to contact the research persons mentioned in a report or the SEEDS Coordinator about the current status of the subject matter of a project/report.”
The GL_2 main conjecture for elliptic curves without complex multiplication
Creators: name: Coates, J.
name: Fukaya, T.
name: Kato, K.
name: Sujatha, R.
name: Venjakob, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The main conjectures of Iwasawa theory provide the only general method known at present for studying the mysterious relationship between purely arithmetic problems and the special values of complex L-functions, typified by the conjecture of Birch and Swinnerton-Dyer and its generalizations. Our goal in the present paper is to develop algebraic techniques which enable us to formulate a precise version of such a main conjecture for motives over a large class of p-adic Lie extensions of number fields. The paper ends by formulating and briefly discussing the main conjecture for an elliptic curve E over the rationals Q over the field generated by the coordinates of its p-power division points, where p is a prime greater than 3 of good ordinary reduction for E.
description: 39 pages
title: How Do a Group of Trainee Primary Teachers Collaborate Discursively?
Creators: name: Brown, Desma Sharon
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2016

description: The research took place in a UK context and explores how a group of graduate-level trainee primary-school teachers collaborated discursively on a final year assessment task. It examines how one high-achieving group develop their ideas over time, discursively construct roles within the group and identify themselves as a group through their use of language. The thesis draws on a case-study using audio/video recording of the group over the course of three meetings. It also includes an initial study of extracts of talk involving five other groups. The talk is transcribed and a discourse-analytical approach is applied to the data. Individual participant evaluations of the case-study group-work are also used to shed further light on the trainees’ perspective of their group collaboration. Several factors emerge as important in the successful operation of the high-achieving group. These include an attention to shared common knowledge, a collective identity as teachers, the use of the first person plural to emphasise collective activity as a group, exploratory talk, the use of humour in promoting teamwork and the adoption of negative politeness strategies to manage relations between speakers (Leech 2014). It appeared from their discourse that participants shared the leadership of the task and also realised some of the other team-roles discussed by Belbin (1993; 2010). An additional team-role emerged through the data as, the Humorist, which acted in maintaining conviviality and building solidarity within the group. The potential significance of this thesis for education is that it shows how a successful group of trainee-teachers collaborate in their discussion; and how in the process, they produce themselves as a team. It also offers an addition to the management literature in proposing a new metaphor to replace Tuckman (1965) and shows how team-roles based on psychometric testing and self-perception may be realised in authentic discourse.
Creation of effective magnetic fields in optical lattices: The Hofstadter butterfly for cold neutral atoms
Creators: name: Jaksch, D.
name: Zoller, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the dynamics of neutral atoms in a 2D optical lattice which traps two distinct internal states of the atoms in different columns. Two Raman lasers are used to coherently transfer atoms from one internal state to the other, thereby causing hopping between the different columns. By adjusting the laser parameters appropriately we can induce a non vanishing phase of particles moving along a closed path on the lattice. This phase is proportional to the enclosed area and we thus simulate a magnetic flux through the lattice. This setup is described by a Hamiltonian identical to the one for electrons on a lattice subject to a magnetic field and thus allows us to study this equivalent situation under very well defined controllable conditions. We consider the limiting case of huge magnetic fields -- which is not experimentally accessible for electrons in metals -- where a fractal band structure, the Hofstadter butterfly, characterizes the system.
description: 6 pages, RevTeX
Relativistic many-body calculations of electric-dipole matrix elements, lifetimes and polarizabilities in rubidium
Creators: name: Safronova, M. S.
name: Williams, Carl J.
name: Clark, Charles W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electric-dipole matrix elements for ns-n'p, nd-n'p, and 6d-4f transitions in Rb are calculated using a relativistic all-order method. A third-order calculation is also carried out for these matrix elements to evaluate the importance of the high-order many-body perturbation theory contributions. The all-order matrix elements are used to evaluate lifetimes of ns and np levels with n=6, 7, 8 and nd levels with n=4, 5, 6 for comparison with experiment and to provide benchmark values for these lifetimes. The dynamic polarizabilities are calculated for ns states of rubidium. The resulting lifetime and polarizability values are compared with available theory and experiment.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures
Equilibrium properties of assembly of interacting superparamagnetic nanoparticles
Creators: name: Usov, N. A.
name: Serebryakova, O. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The stochastic Landau-Lifshitz equation is used to investigate the relaxation process and equilibrium magnetization of interacting assembly of superparamagnetic nanoparticles uniformly distributed in a nonmagnetic matrix. For weakly interacting assembly the equilibrium magnetization is shown to deviate significantly from the Langevin law in the range of moderate and large magnetic fields due to the influence of magnetic anisotropy energy. For dense assemblies with noticeable influence of the magneto-dipole interaction a significant dependence of the initial susceptibility on the assembly density is revealed. The difference between the initial susceptibility and the corresponding Langevin susceptibility can serve as an indication of the influence of the magneto-dipole interaction on the assembly properties. A new self-consistent approach is developed to explain the effect of mutual magneto-dipole interaction on the behavior of dense assembly of superparamagnetic nanoparticles. The probability densities of the components of random magnetic field acting on magnetic nanoparticles are calculated at thermodynamic equilibrium. The self-consistent probability densities of these components are found to be close to Gaussian distribution. It is shown that a decrease in the equilibrium assembly magnetization as a function of density can be explained by the disorienting effect of the random magnetic field on the particle magnetic moments.
description: 16 pages, 10 figures
On Computation of Groebner Bases for Linear Difference Systems
Creators: name: Gerdt, Vladimir P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper we present an algorithm for computing Groebner bases of linear ideals in a difference polynomial ring over a ground difference field. The input difference polynomials generating the ideal are also assumed to be linear. The algorithm is an adaptation to difference ideals of our polynomial algorithm based on Janet-like reductions.
description: 5 pages, presented at ACAT-2005
Limitations of gauge invariance
Creators: name: Reiss, H.R.
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Although gauge invariance preserves the values of physical observables, a gauge transformation can introduce important alterations of physical interpretations. To understand this, it is first shown that a gauge transformation is not, in general, a unitary transformation. Also, physical interpretations are based on both kinetic and potential energy expressions. While the kinetic energy is a measurable quantity, and hence gauge-invariant, the potential energy is gauge-dependent. Two basic examples are examined; one classical and the other quantum-mechanical. The aim is to show that the use of the Coulomb (or radiation) gauge is always consistent with the way that fields are generated in the laboratory. Upon gauge transformation out of the Coulomb gauge, this connection is lost, and physical interpretations can give rise to misleading inferences.
Reduction of the sign problem near $T=0$ in quantum Monte Carlo simulations
Creators: name: D'Emidio, Jonathan
name: Wessel, Stefan
name: Mila, Frédéric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Building on a recent investigation of the Shastry-Sutherland model [S. Wessel et al., Phys. Rev. B 98, 174432 (2018)], we develop a general strategy to eliminate the Monte Carlo sign problem near the zero temperature limit in frustrated quantum spin models. If the Hamiltonian of interest and the sign-problem-free Hamiltonian---obtained by making all off-diagonal elements negative in a given basis---have the same ground state and this state is a member of the computational basis, then the average sign returns to one as the temperature goes to zero. We illustrate this technique by studying the triangular and kagome lattice Heisenberg antiferrromagnet in a magnetic field above saturation, as well as the Heisenberg antiferromagnet on a modified Husimi cactus in the dimer basis. We also provide detailed appendices on using linear programming techniques to automatically generate efficient directed loop updates in quantum Monte Carlo simulations.
description: 11 pages, 9 figures
Reflections on Agricultural R&D, Productivity, and the Data Constraint: Unfinished Business, Unsettled Issues
Creators: name: Alston, Julian M.
name: Alston, Julian M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017

description: Sixty years ago, T.W. Schultz introduced the idea of the productivity “residual” to agricultural economics. His main message was that growth in conventional inputs accounted for little of the observed growth in agricultural output, and that there was work to be done by agricultural economists to understand and ultimately eliminate this unexplained residual called “productivity.” Thus was launched the economics of agricultural productivity as a sub-field within agricultural economics, along with the economics of agricultural R&D and innovation and related government policy. Much progress has been made in the decades since. Still, critical issues remain unresolved. This matters because agricultural innovation and productivity matter, and so do the related policies that rest to some extent on our established understanding of the economic relationships. In this paper, I review some unsettled issues related to economic models and measures applied to agricultural R&D and productivity, and some unfinished business in terms of economic and policy questions that are not yet well answered. Before doing that, I present some evidence on agricultural productivity and why it matters. Next, with a nod to “factology,” I present available productivity measures from USDA and InSTePP, and compare them in the context of translog cost function models. In subsequent sections I use these and other data to develop new evidence related to two contentious questions: (1) Do farmers benefit from public agricultural R&D? (2) Has U.S. agricultural productivity growth slowed in recent decades? The answers are revealed within.
description: Fellow’s Address Agricultural and Applied Economics Association (AAEA) Annual Meeting Chicago, Illinois August 1, 2017
title: Exploring Teacher Professional Identity With Teachers of English of a Secondary School in Senegal
Creators: name: Diop, Dame
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2016

description: This study takes a sociocultural approach to teacher professional identity to explore how a small group of teachers of English in Senegal see themselves as teachers, the different contextual elements that might influence their perceptions and the relationship which exists between the latter and their practice. As shown in the literature, teacher professional identity has been of interest to educational researchers for a number of years (Beijaard et al. , 2004; Day et al. , 2006 and Cross & Ndofirepi, 2015). This is due to its significance in teacher education both at pre-service and in-service levels. A number of studies have established an interrelation between how teachers see themselves as professionals, their sociocultural environments, and working contexts (Lasky, 2005; Smit &Fritz, 2008; Cross & Ndofirepi, 2015). A small group of teachers of English working in one Senegalese secondary school were studied using a variety of qualitative data collection instruments. They were first interviewed, observed in classrooms and then interviewed again. Data were also collected as field notes from observations about the school and participation in a pedagogical cell meeting. The analysis of the data through ‘crafting profiles’ (Seidman, 2006) and thematic analysis has shown that participants have different perceptions of their professional identities such as ‘knowledge provider’, ‘role model’, and ‘advice giver’ and they enact these in various ways. The findings suggest that much importance needs to be given to discussions about matters related to teacher professional identity itself and its relationship with practice in in-service teacher training activities. This study has also highlighted the importance of school culture in the formation and enactment of teacher professional identity. Hence, it is significant that educational authorities give due consideration to the institutional level when making policies and planning for enactment of policy in practice.
Additional file 2 of The global dissemination of hospital clones of Enterococcus faecium
Creators: name: Van Hal, Sebastiaan J.
name: Willems, Rob J. L.
name: Gouliouris, Theodore
name: Ballard, Susan A.
name: Coque, Teresa M.
name: Hammerum, Anette M.
name: Hegstad, Kristin
name: Westh, Hendrik T.
name: Howden, Benjamin P.
name: Surbhi Malhotra-Kumar
name: Werner, Guido
name: Yanagihara, Katsunori
name: Earl, Ashlee M.
name: Raven, Katherine E.
name: Corander, Jukka
name: Bowden, Rory
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2: Figure S1. Plasmid and Chromosomal associated shell genes. Figure S2. Distribution of clusters by country and collection dates. Figure S3. Local adaptation and regional dissemination of E. faecium. Figure S4. LiaFSR haplotypes. Figure S5. Antibiotic resistance gene accumulation over time. Figure S6. Virulome.
Non-local correlations as an information theoretic resource
Creators: name: Barrett, Jonathan
name: Linden, Noah
name: Massar, Serge
name: Pironio, Stefano
name: Popescu, Sandu
name: Roberts, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is well known that measurements performed on spatially separated entangled quantum systems can give rise to correlations that are non-local, in the sense that a Bell inequality is violated. They cannot, however, be used for super-luminal signalling. It is also known that it is possible to write down sets of ``super-quantum'' correlations that are more non-local than is allowed by quantum mechanics, yet are still non-signalling. Viewed as an information theoretic resource, super-quantum correlations are very powerful at reducing the amount of communication needed for distributed computational tasks. An intriguing question is why quantum mechanics does not allow these more powerful correlations. We aim to shed light on the range of quantum possibilities by placing them within a wider context. With this in mind, we investigate the set of correlations that are constrained only by the no-signalling principle. These correlations form a polytope, which contains the quantum correlations as a (proper) subset. We determine the vertices of the no-signalling polytope in the case that two observers each choose from two possible measurements with d outcomes. We then consider how interconversions between different sorts of correlations may be achieved. Finally, we consider some multipartite examples.
description: Revtex. 12 pages, 6 figures
Mixed state microwave resistivity of cuprate superconductors
Creators: name: Pompeo, N.
name: Muzzi, L.
name: Sarti, S.
name: Marcon, R.
name: Fastampa, R.
name: Giura, M.
name: Boffa, M.
name: Cucolo, M. C.
name: Cucolo, A. M.
name: Camerlingo, C.
name: Silva, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a compared experimental investigation of the (a,b) plane vortex-state complex resistivity at 48 GHz in YBaCuO, SmBaCuO and BiSrCaCuO (2212). In YBaCuO and SmBaCuO the field dependence of the response can be consistently described by a combination of flux flow and strong pair breaking due to the presence of lines of nodes in the gap. In BiSrCaCuO (2212), by contrast, the data might be described by the pair breaking alone.
description: 4 printed pages, 3 eps figures, uses elsart.cls and elsart3.cls styles, presented at SNS2004, accepted for publication on J. Phys. Chem. Solids
title: Structural Theorems for Holomorphic Self-Maps of the Punctured Plane
Creators: name: Martí-Pete, David
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2016

description: This thesis concerns the iteration of transcendental self-maps of the punctured plane C*:=C\{0}, that is, functions f : C*→C* that are holomorphic on C* and for which both zero and infinity are essential singularities. We focus on the escaping set of such functions, which consists of the points whose orbit accumulates to zero and/or infinity under iteration. The escaping set is closely related to the structure of the phase space due to its connection with the Julia set. We introduce the concept of essential itinerary of an escaping point, which is a sequence that describes how its orbit accumulates to the essential singularities, and plays a very important role throughout the thesis. This allows us to partition the escaping set into uncount-ably many non-empty subsets of points that escape in non-equivalent ways, the boundary of each of which is the Julia set. We combine the iterates of the maximum and minimum modulus functions to define the fast escaping set for functions in this class and, for such functions, construct orbits with several types of annular itinerary, including fast escaping and arbitrarily slowly escaping points. Next we proceed to study in detail the class B* of bounded-type transcendental self-maps of C*, for which the escaping set is a subset of the Julia set, so such functions do not have escaping Fatou components. We show that, for finite compositions of transcendental self-maps of C* of finite order (and hence in B*), every escaping point can be joined to one of the essential singularities by a curve of points that escape uniformly. Moreover, we prove that, for every essential itinerary, the corresponding escaping set contains a Cantor bouquet and, in particular, uncountably many such curves. Finally, in the last part of the thesis we direct our attention to the functions that do have escaping Fatou components. We give the first explicit examples of transcendental self-maps of C* with Baker domains and escaping wandering domains and use approximation theory to construct functions with escaping Fatou components that have any prescribed essential itinerary.
Limitations of gauge invariance
Creators: name: Reiss, H.R.
Publisher: name: Max Born Institute; American University (Washington, D.C.)
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 51
subject: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Although gauge invariance preserves the values of physical observables, a gauge transformation can introduce important alterations of physical interpretations. To understand this, it is first shown that a gauge transformation is not, in general, a unitary transformation. Also, physical interpretations are based on both kinetic and potential energy expressions. While the kinetic energy is a measurable quantity, and hence gauge-invariant, the potential energy is gauge-dependent. Two basic examples are examined; one classical and the other quantum-mechanical. The aim is to show that the use of the Coulomb (or radiation) gauge is always consistent with the way that fields are generated in the laboratory. Upon gauge transformation out of the Coulomb gauge, this connection is lost, and physical interpretations can give rise to misleading inferences.
Some Recent Decelopments in Econometrics: Lessons for Applied Economists
Creators: name: Giles, David E. A.
name: Giles, David E. A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1989
Subjects: Financial Economics

description: This paper provides a non-technical discussion of some of the issues that have received attention in the econometrics literature in the last ten to fifteen years, with a special emphasis on those developments which have immediate implications for noneconometricians who undertake empirical work. Two groups of readers are especially targetted - recent graduates seeking guidance in this area; and economists whose formal training in econometrics may now be rather dated, and who wish to upgrade their empirical analysis. The discussion covers model formulation, data and computational issues, as well as developments in estimation, hypothesis testing and model-selection. The theme of the paper is that there have been important advances in all of these aspects of econometrics; that applied economists must recognise this in their work; and that as most of these developments are very easy to implement, there is no excuse for non-specialists using out-of-date techniques.
Additional file 1 of Large-scale labeling and assessment of sex bias in publicly available expression data
Creators: name: Flynn, Emily
name: Chang, Annie
name: Altman, Russ B.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1. Supplementary Material and Figures.
Numerical analysis of a spontaneous collapse model for a two-level system
Creators: name: Bassi, A.
name: Ippoliti, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a spontaneous collapse model for a two-level (spin) system, in which the Hamiltonian and the stochastic terms do not commute. The numerical solution of the equations of motions allows to give precise estimates on the regime at which the collapse of the state vector occurs, the reduction and delocalization times, and the reduction probabilities; it also allows to quantify the effect that an Hamiltonian which does not commute with the reducing terms has on the collapse mechanism. We also give a clear picture of the transition from the "microscopic" regime (when the noise terms are weak and the Hamiltonian prevents the state vector to collapse) to the "macroscopic" regime (when the noise terms are dominant and the collapse becomes effective for very long times). Finally, we clarify the distinction between decoherence and collapse.
description: 7 pages, RevTeX. Significative improvements made. To appear on Phys. Rev. A
Analysis of Users' Behaviour and Adoption Trends of Social Media Payment Platforms
Creators: name: Miraz, Mahdi H.
name: Haikel-Elsabeh, Marie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The recent proliferation of Electronic Commerce (E-commerce) has been further escalated by multifaceted emerging payment solutions such as cryptocurrencies, mobile, peer-to-peer (P2P) and social media payment platforms. While these technological advancements are gaining tremendous popularity, mostly for their ease of use, various impediments such as security and privacy concerns, societal and cultural norms etc. forbear the users' adoption trends to some extents. This article examines the current status of the social media payment platforms as well as the projection of future adoption trends. Our research underlines the motivations and obstacles to the adoption of social media platforms.
Spin transport of electrons through quantum wires with spatially-modulated strength of the Rashba spin-orbit interaction
Creators: name: Wang, X. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study ballistic transport of spin-polarized electrons through quantum wires in which the strength of the Rashba spin-orbit interaction (SOI) is spatially modulated. Subband mixing, due to SOI, between the two lowest subbands is taken into account. Simplified approximate expressions for the transmission are obtained for electron energies close to the bottom of the first subband and near the value for which anticrossing of the two lowest subbands occurs. In structures with periodically varied SOI strength, {\it square-wave} modulation on the spin transmission is found when only one subband is occupied and its possible application to the spin transistor is discussed. When two subbands are occupied the transmission is strongly affected by the existence of SOI interfaces as well as by the subband mixing.
Additional file 1 of Influence of COVID-19 on lifestyle behaviors in the Middle East and North Africa Region: a survey of 5896 individuals
Creators: name: Abouzid, Mohamed
name: El-Sherif, Dina M.
name: Eltewacy, Nael Kamel
name: Dahman, Nesrine Ben Hadj
name: Okasha, Salah A.
name: Sherief Ghozy
name: Sheikh Mohammed Shariful Islam
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Questionnaire.
Cartan Normal Conformal Connections from Pairs of 2nd Order PDE's
Creators: name: Gallo, Emanuel
name: Kozameh, Carlos
name: Newman, Ezra T.
name: Perkins, Kiplin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the different geometric structures that can be constructed from the class of pairs of 2nd order PDE's that satisfy the condition of a vanishing generalized Wünschmann invariant. This condition arises naturally from the requirement of a vanishing torsion tensor. In particular, we find that from this class of PDE's we can obtain all four-dimensional conformal Lorentzian metrics as well as all Cartan normal conformal O(4,2) connections. To conclude, we briefly discuss how the conformal Einstein equations can be imposed by further restricting our class of PDE's to those satisfying additional differential conditions.
description: 39 pages
Low-frequency failure of the Goppert-Mayer gauge transformation and consequences for the strong-field approximation
Creators: name: Reiss, H.R.
Publisher: name: Max Born Institute; American University (Washington, D.C.)
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 51
subject: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The G¨oppert-Mayer (GM) gauge transformation, of central importance in atomic, molecular, and optical physics since it connects the length gauge and the velocity gauge, becomes unphysical as the field frequency declines towards zero. This is not consequential for theories of transverse fields, but it is the underlying reason for the failure of gauge invariance in the dipole-approximation version of the Strong-Field Approximation (SFA). This failure of the GM gauge transformation explains why the length gauge is preferred in analytical approximation methods for fields that possess a constant electric field as a zero-frequency limit.
Additional file 2 of Influence of COVID-19 on lifestyle behaviors in the Middle East and North Africa Region: a survey of 5896 individuals
Creators: name: Abouzid, Mohamed
name: El-Sherif, Dina M.
name: Eltewacy, Nael Kamel
name: Dahman, Nesrine Ben Hadj
name: Okasha, Salah A.
name: Sherief Ghozy
name: Sheikh Mohammed Shariful Islam
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2. Tables S1, S2, S3 and S4.
Best practices in POI with navigation decision interface
Creators: name: PROCEDIN Project
name: Haarlem Municipality
name: Urban Agenda on Innovative and Responsible Public  Procurement (UA IRPP)
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Public Procurement
Innovation
Best practices
Legal procedures
Legal Instruments

description: This document presents best practices in Procurement of Innovation (POI) and introduces the Navigation Decision Interface within the PROCEDIN project. By enhancing resources from the Urban Agenda on Innovative and Responsible Public Procurement (UA IRPP), PROCEDIN fosters strategic collaboration across European networks. The deliverable enriches e-Learning modules on public procurement, making it a key resource for integrating innovation into procurement practices efficiently and effectively.
Additional file 3 of Influence of COVID-19 on lifestyle behaviors in the Middle East and North Africa Region: a survey of 5896 individuals
Creators: name: Abouzid, Mohamed
name: El-Sherif, Dina M.
name: Eltewacy, Nael Kamel
name: Dahman, Nesrine Ben Hadj
name: Okasha, Salah A.
name: Sherief Ghozy
name: Sheikh Mohammed Shariful Islam
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 3. Survey Development.
Low-frequency failure of the Goppert-Mayer gauge transformation and consequences for the strong-field approximation
Creators: name: Reiss, H.R.
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: The G¨oppert-Mayer (GM) gauge transformation, of central importance in atomic, molecular, and optical physics since it connects the length gauge and the velocity gauge, becomes unphysical as the field frequency declines towards zero. This is not consequential for theories of transverse fields, but it is the underlying reason for the failure of gauge invariance in the dipole-approximation version of the Strong-Field Approximation (SFA). This failure of the GM gauge transformation explains why the length gauge is preferred in analytical approximation methods for fields that possess a constant electric field as a zero-frequency limit.
title: Identification of Early Biomarkers of Neoplastic Transformation in Mouse Tumour Models of Breast Carcinogenesis
Creators: name: Tomirotti, Andrea Massimiliano
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2016

description: Tumour development is not an entirely cell-autonomous process, being dependent on the ability of bystander cells, mostly of bone marrow (BM) origin, to establish a pro-tumourigenic microenvironment. We hypothesize that identification of early BM changes would confirm that BM senses the onset of a neoplastic lesion in peripheral tissues even at very early stages of carcinogenesis and that such peripheral alterations could offer the opportunity to identify key signalling molecules that may represent early biomarkers of cancerogenesis and could allow discovering novel potential therapeutic targets. To test such hypothesis we took advantage of the MMTV-NeuT (NeuT) transgenic mouse model of mammary carcinogenesis and found that profound BM modifications in the composition and spatial arrangement of the hematopoietic populations, such as increase of immature myeloid granulocytic cells, contraction of B lymphoid pools, displacement of BM niches characterize NeuT mice with overt carcinomas in comparison to wild-type mice and that such modifications were already detectable at earlier stages of carcinogenesis, although less significant. Genes differentially expressed in the BM between transgenic and controls with overt tumour have been used to design an ad hoc “late gene signature” that has been tested and validated in two additional breast cancer models. Early NeuT BM samples already show differentially expressed genes in comparison to controls and they are efficiently separated by the late gene signature in two clusters: those with normal/mild dysplasia in their mammary glands from those with sever dysplasia/early carcinomas. Different circulating microRNA profiles characterized early stages of tumourigenesis and BM down-regulated genes are among their predictive targets. With an unprecedented level of integration between BM mRNA and microRNA profiles, BM immunolocalization, circulating microRNA profile and primary lesion histopathology we could demonstrate that the BM is an early sensor of incipient mammary tumour and that the alterations observed in advanced carcinomas are, at least in part, already present at early stages.
Educating the UBC Food Services workers : UBC Local Food Cookoff
Creators: name: Bliem, Sabrina
name: Chung, Alita
name: Ho, Shuk Yee Ida
name: Lee, Maggie
name: O’Neill, Catherine
name: Steuuenberg, Lizanne
name: Yiu, Amy
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: As part of the global food system, the sustainability of the food system at the University of British Columbia campus has been called into question. The UBC Food System Project (UBCFSP) was launched in 2001 in order to assess and improve the sustainability of the UBC food system. In order to aid the movement toward re-localization of the food system on campus, Agricultural Sciences 450 (AGSC 450) students were invited to research various scenarios; the current paper outlines the scenario assigned to Group 9 of the AGSC 450 spring 2005 class. This scenario (#3) involves the design of a campaign to educate UBC food workers on the benefits of buying and selling local foods on campus; in order to narrow the scope of our campaign, we chose to target only those food workers employed through UBC Food Services. This campaign is to be implemented by the AGSC 450 2006 class, and involves two components: the dissemination of a pamphlet to food service workers, and the launching of a “UBC Local Food Cook-off”. This paper includes a discussion of the problem definition, a review of the Vision Statement devised by previous AGSC 450 students, a discussion of the various components of the educational campaign—including a description of the assigned subsystem, a review of the Buy BC Campaign, the campaign goal, the design of the campaign, the steps required for its implementation, and a proposed budget—and various recommendations for key groups, in this case the AGSC 450 2006 class and UBC Food Services. Disclaimer: “UBC SEEDS provides students with the opportunity to share the findings of their studies, as well as their opinions, conclusions and recommendations with the UBC community. The reader should bear in mind that this is a student project/report and is not an official document of UBC. Furthermore readers should bear in mind that these reports may not reflect the current status of activities at UBC. We urge you to contact the research persons mentioned in a report or the SEEDS Coordinator about the current status of the subject matter of a project/report.”
Supersymmetric SO(10) And A Prediction For $θ_{13}$
Creators: name: Shafi, Qaisar
name: Tavartkiladze, Zurab
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a predictive scheme for fermion masses and mixings based on supersymmetric SO(10) which provides an understanding of the observed hierarchies in the charged fermion sector including CKM mixings. In the neutrino sector bi-large mixing can be realized, while the third leptonic mixing angle $θ_{13}\simeq 0.01 - 0.2$.
description: With slight changes, to appear in PLB
Remarks on strange-quark simulations with Wilson fermions
Creators: name: Mohler, Daniel
name: Schaefer, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the simulation of QCD with 2+1 flavors of Wilson fermions, the positivity of the fermion determinant is generally assumed. We present evidence that this assumption is in general not justified and discuss the consequences of this finding.
description: 18 pages, 4 figures
Searching for family-number conserving neutral gauge bosons from extra dimensions
Creators: name: Frere, J. M.
name: Libanov, M. V.
name: Nugaev, E. Ya.
name: Troitsky, S. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Previous studies have shown how the three generations of the Standard Model fermions can arise from a single generation in more than four dimensions, and how off-diagonal neutral couplings arise for gauge-boson Kaluza-Klein recurrences. These couplings conserve family number in the leading approximation. While an existing example, built on a spherical geometry, suggests a high compactification scale, we conjecture that the overall structure is generic, and work out possible signatures at colliders, compatible with rare decays data.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, jetpl.cls style, references added
Rhophitoides Schenck 1861
Creators: name: Niu, Ze-Qing
name: Wu, Yan-Ru
name: Huang, Da-Wei
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2005
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Halictidae
Rhophitoides

description: Rhophitoides Schenck, 1861
 Rhophitoides Schenck, 1861: 69. Type species: Rhophitoides distinguendus Schenck, 1861 (Rhophites cana Eversmann, 1852) by monotypy.
  Diagnosis. –  Forewing with two submarginal cells, the second submarginal cell more than half length of the first one; basal vein of forewing nearly straight; metasomal terga with apical hair bands; body without yellow integumental markings; dorsal surface of propodeum shorter than scutellum, forming a distinct angle with posterior vertical surface; S6 of male with blister-shaped thickenings, median part covered dense hairs, without longitudinal ridge; S7 of male with distinct slender dorsal lobes; labial palpus usual, its 1st and 2nd segments twice as long as 4th segment or shorter; frons of female only with usual hairs, without spines.
  Remarks. –  The geographic range of the genus covers almost all the southern part of the Palearctic Region, from Morocco and France to Turkey and the Caucasus, in the east to central Mongolia and northwest of China. It contains four species; Rhophitoides canus (Eversmann) is only known species in China.
description: Published as part of Niu, Ze-Qing, Wu, Yan-Ru & Huang, Da-Wei, 2005, A Taxonomic Study On The Four Genera Of The Subfamily Rophitinae From China (Hymenoptera: Halictidae), pp. 47-58 in Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 53 (1) on pages 51-52, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4619616