cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Interactive editing of virtual chordae tendineae for the simulation of the mitral valve in a decision support system
Creators: name: Walczak, Lars
name: Tautz, Lennart
name: Neugebauer, Mathias
name: Georgii, Joachim
name: Wamala, Isaac
name: Sündermann, Simon
name: Falk, Volkmar
name: Hennemuth, Anja
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Decision support
subject: Mitral valve
subject: Position-based dynamics
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Purpose: Decision support systems for mitral valve disease are an important step toward personalized surgery planning. A simulation of the mitral valve apparatus is required for decision support. Building a model of the chordae tendineae is an essential component of a mitral valve simulation. Due to image quality and artifacts, the chordae tendineae cannot be reliably detected in medical imaging. Methods: Using the position-based dynamics framework, we are able to realistically simulate the opening and closing of the mitral valve. Here, we present a heuristic method for building an initial chordae model needed for a successful simulation. In addition to the heuristic, we present an interactive editor to refine the chordae model and to further improve pathology reproduction as well as geometric approximation of the closed valve. Results: For evaluation, five mitral valves were reconstructed based on image sequences of patients scheduled for mitral valve surgery. We evaluated the approximation of the closed valves using either just the heuristic chordae model or a manually refined model. Using the manually refined models, prolapse was correctly reproduced in four of the five cases compared to two of the five cases when using the heuristic. In addition, using the editor improved the approximation in four cases. Conclusions: Our approach is suitable to create realistically parameterized mitral valve apparatus reconstructions for the simulation of normally and abnormally closing valves in a decision support system.
ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА НОРМАТИВНО-ПРАВОВЫХ ОСНОВ МЕР ЗАЩИТЫ РЫНКА ЕС
Creators: name: П. А. Попова
Publisher: name: Международный журнал гуманитарных и естественных наук
Year: 2020
Subjects: меры защиты
ВТО
Европейский союз
таможенный тариф
интеграция
Парижский договор
международные соглашения
ГАТТ
TARIC
Совет Ассоциации
ЕВР
Маахстрихтский договор.

description: В данной статье рассмотрены основные нормативно-правовые акты, которые использует Европейский союз во внешней торговле с третими странами. Так же представлены этапы становления таможенного союза ЕС и интеграционного объединения. Рассмотрен механизм становления и применения мер защиты внутреннего рынка Европейского союза.
Putting Participants at the Centre of HIV Cure Research
Creators: name: Taylor, Jeff
name: Palm, David
name: Brown, Brandon
name: Dubé, Karine
name: Barr, Liz
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2019

description: Curing HIV infection moved from the aspirational to the theoretically plausible with the apparent elimination of latent HIV from Timothy Ray Brown, also known as the Berlin Patient, after receipt of a stem cell transplant from a donor homozygous for the CCR5-Δ32 gene deletion. As HIV cure-related research has expanded, much of the science has centred on biomedical outcomes, and less on the people for whom a cure is being sought. Specifically, there has been limited inquiry directed towards understanding the motivations, perceptions, desires, needs, and experiences of people living with HIV who are asked to participate in cure-related research. This relative lack of attention is troubling when considering trade-offs, risks, demands, and burdens accompanying many of these investigations, such as intensively monitored antiretroviral pauses in effective HIV therapy, large volume blood draws and leucaphereses, and dosing with experimental immunotherapies.
ОСОБЕННОСТИ РАЗВИТИЯ РЫНКА КОРПОРАТИВНЫХ ОБЛИГАЦИЙ В СОВРЕМЕННОЙ РОССИИ
Creators: name: К. В. Самохвалова
Publisher: name: Международный журнал гуманитарных и естественных наук
Year: 2020
Subjects: корпоративные облигации
долговое финансирование
рынок корпоративных облигаций
бондизация.

description: На текущем этапе развития финансово-экономических отношений особенно актуальной становится тема, связанная с проблемой привлечения дополнительных финансовых ресурсов корпорациями. В своих исследованиях ряд экономистов выделяет существенную роль внутреннего рынка долговых инструментов и подчеркивает значимость выпуска облигаций для финансирования компаний. Данная статья посвящена изучению состояния и тенденций развития российского рынка корпоративных облигаций на основе рассмотрения различных научных публикаций. Проведенное исследование формирует представление о характерных чертах рынка корпоративных облигаций, позволяющее определить необходимые меры по его развитию.
РОЛЬ ИНФОКОММУНИКАЦИЙ В ПЕРЕХОДЕ К ЦИФРОВОЙ ЭКОНОМИКЕ
Creators: name: Д. О. Стародубов
name: В. В. Макаров
name: Т. А. Блатова
Publisher: name: Международный журнал гуманитарных и естественных наук
Year: 2020
Subjects: инфокоммуникации
цифровая экономика
цифровизация
информатизация
информационно-коммуникационная инфраструктура

description: Цифровая трансформация экономики предусматривает решение двух задач: применение новых технологий в системе управления производством, и переход к цифровым методам работы с информацией на основе дигитализации. Необходимость выполнения обеих задач ведёт к возрастанию роли инфокоммуникаций, предоставляющих возможность объединения процессов передачи информации, информатизации и предоставления информационных услуг. Трендами, формирующими новые направления развития информационно-коммуникационной инфраструктуры, является радикальное увеличение пропускной способности каналов связи, предоставление услуг передачи данных, развитие мобильного широкополосного доступа. Выполнение этих инфокоммуникационных задач лежит в русле перехода к цифровой экономике.
Inverse problems for linear hyperbolic equations using mixed formulations
Creators: name: Cindea, Nicolae
name: Munch, Arnaud
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35L10, 65M12, 93B40

description: We introduce in this document a direct method allowing to solve numerically inverse type problems for linear hyperbolic equations. We first consider the reconstruction of the full solution of the wave equation posed in $Ω\times (0,T)$ - $Ω$ a bounded subset of $\mathbb{R}^N$ - from a partial distributed observation. We employ a least-squares technique and minimize the $L^2$-norm of the distance from the observation to any solution. Taking the hyperbolic equation as the main constraint of the problem, the optimality conditions are reduced to a mixed formulation involving both the state to reconstruct and a Lagrange multiplier. Under usual geometric optic conditions, we show the well-posedness of this mixed formulation (in particular the inf-sup condition) and then introduce a numerical approximation based on space-time finite elements discretization. We prove the strong convergence of the approximation and then discussed several examples for $N=1$ and $N=2$. The problem of the reconstruction of both the state and the source term is also addressed.
Photoplethysmography-Based Heart Rate Monitoring in Physical Activities via Joint Sparse Spectrum Reconstruction
Creators: name: Zhang, Zhilin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Other Computer Science (cs.OH)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Goal: A new method for heart rate monitoring using photoplethysmography (PPG) during physical activities is proposed. Methods: It jointly estimates spectra of PPG signals and simultaneous acceleration signals, utilizing the multiple measurement vector model in sparse signal recovery. Due to a common sparsity constraint on spectral coefficients, the method can easily identify and remove spectral peaks of motion artifact (MA) in PPG spectra. Thus, it does not need any extra signal processing modular to remove MA as in some other algorithms. Furthermore, seeking spectral peaks associated with heart rate is simplified. Results: Experimental results on 12 PPG datasets sampled at 25 Hz and recorded during subjects' fast running showed that it had high performance. The average absolute estimation error was 1.28 beat per minute and the standard deviation was 2.61 beat per minute. Conclusion and Significance: These results show that the method has great potential to be used for PPG-based heart rate monitoring in wearable devices for fitness tracking and health monitoring.
description: Published in IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering, Vol. 62, No. 8, PP. 1902-1910, August 2015
D7.3 - Key features determined with machine learning
Creators: name: Adrian, Benjamin
name: Solman, Helena
name: Burr, Julia
name: Smits, Mattijs
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: This deliverable uses the integrated simulation framework created in the UPWARDS project to reveal key features relevant for technical and social objectives. The Høg-Jæren Wind Farm in Norway is used as a case study with realistic atmospheric conditions and flow field simulations on park level. We applied data mining and machine learning techniques to train a model, which allows a study on parameters that have been fitted on simulated flow field data. This allows to extract findings on configurable dependencies in between power production and noise emission. We show that the integrated simulation framework holds huge potential to explore other scenarios and include more social and environmental factors for machine learning. We also discuss how the simulation framework can be used in various stages of wind power development. The use of this tool can be further expanded by testing for other atmospheric conditions and for different geographical contexts.
Do young people with neurological conditions in residential aged care use hospitals differently than those in the community? Evidence from Victorian hospital data, 2014–2017
Creators: name: Banaszak-Holl, J
name: Morello, R
name: Soh, SE
name: Cameron, P
name: Brown, Mark
name: Mitsch, V
name: Moubarak, R
name: Winkler, Dianne
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 4409
subject: Social work
classificationCode: 4203
subject: Health services and systems
classificationCode: 4206
subject: Public health

description: This study describes the duration and reasons for hospitalisation for three cohorts of younger adults with neurological conditions who either used residential aged care (RAC) or lived in the community. Hospitalisations as a clinical event indicate conditions for which younger people in RAC may need support as they move into community-based housing. Data describing 3 years of hospitalisations in Victorian public hospitals and emergency departments were used. The neurological conditions occurring among the three cohorts include (1) Cerebral Vascular Accident (CVA), (2) Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) and (3) Multiple Sclerosis (MS). Frequency of hospitalisation, length of stay and leading causes of potentially preventable hospitalisations were examined. Two hundred and fifty-two (2.7%) of 9333 patients hospitalised for these neurological conditions subsequently used RAC. Hospitalisations were more frequent for those using RAC compared to those living in the community for cohorts with CVA and TBI (6.26 vs. 2.65 events per person-year for CVA and 4.34 vs. 1.88 for TBI) while hospitalisations were more frequent among those in the community compared to those using RAC for the cohort living with MS (3.62 vs. 5.35 per person-year). However, for all the cohorts, the average length of acute hospital stays was longer among RAC users than among those in the community (19.6 vs. 6.2 days for CVA, 15.5 vs. 4.5 for TBI and 12.2 vs. 7.0 for MS). Leading causes for hospitalisation were complex comorbidities and changes in health status (such as seizures, ulcers, dehydration and cellulitis). Efforts should be made to design supports and proactively manage health needs leading to these hospitalisations.
D6.6 - Results from study cases applying integrated simulation framework
Creators: name: Adrian, Benjamin
name: Panjwani, Balram
name: Le Bras, Sophie
name: Cardona, Alberto
name: Bonnet, Paul
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: This document reports examples of how a park could be analyzed. The analysis can be used for existing parks or parks that have yet to be planned. Deliverable 6.6 describes three case studies that were conducted using the integrated simulation framework developed in the Upwards project (refer to Figure 1). In case study 1 the effect of changing the yaw misalignment (difference between the wind direction and the nacelle position of the turbine) of certain turbines on wake, turbulence, productivity and fatigue is considered. Both an onshore and an offshore park are used for this examination. Case study 2 deals with the effect of yaw misalignment in an onshore park on the noise level in the neighborhood. The results are used in Deliverable 7.3 where they are analyzed with respect to stakeholder needs. In case study 3 the influence of slender design of large blades of a 15 MW turbine is studied. Here the effects on wind structure interaction, non-linear bending, buckling and complex structural stresses are considered.
ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ МЕТОДА АНАЛИЗА ИЕРАРХИЙ ПРИ ВЫБОРЕ ВАРИАНТА КОМПЛЕКСА МЕРОПРИЯТИЙ ПО ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИЮ ИСПОЛНЕНИЯ ЗАКОНА ЯРОВОЙ
Creators: name: С. Г. Тарланов
Publisher: name: Международный журнал гуманитарных и естественных наук
Year: 2020
Subjects: математика
метод анализа иерархий
закон Яровой
принятие решений
права и свободы.

description: В данной статье рассматривается выбор наиболее перспективного решения, по нашумевшему законопроекту, известному общественности как «Закон Яровой», который был принят Государственной Думой Российской Федерации еще в 2016 году, но не вступил в полную силу, в связи с противоречиями с действующим законодательством Российской Федерации и предусматриваемыми для организаций, большими финансовыми расходами. При выборе решения, используется математический метод анализа иерархий, который предполагает декомпозицию проблемы на более простые составляющие части, структурированное представление связей и дальнейшее их парное сравнение. Результаты проведенного анализа показали, что наиболее выгодным решением в сложившейся ситуации, является отказ от дальнейшего исполнения закона Яровой с возможной разработкой нового законопроекта.
КОМПЛЕКСНАЯ ИСКУССТВОВЕДЧЕСКАЯ АТРИБУЦИЯ ЮВЕЛИРНЫХ ИЗДЕЛИЙ
Creators: name: М. Г. Тиндова
Publisher: name: Международный журнал гуманитарных и естественных наук
Year: 2020
Subjects: ювелирные изделия; атрибуция; искусствоведение; геммология

description: В статье рассматриваются этапы проведения искусствоведческой экспертизы ювелирных изделий в целях купли-продажи. Каждый этап сопровождается описанием процесса проведения соответствующей экспертизы, методов и приборов, которым пользуются эксперты. Кроме того в работе представлен список узконаправленных экспертиз, которые могут проводиться при оценке ювелирных изделий.
Assessment of the Right-to-Try Law
Creators: name: Dubé, Karine
name: Ortiz, Camerin
name: Brown, Brandon
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: On May 30, 2018, the Right-To-Try bill, allowing the use of experimental, non-Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved drugs as a last resort for those unable to participate in clinical testing who have also exhausted all other treatment options, was signed into law (1). At the time this bill was signed, 38 states had passed similar Right-To-Try laws; this law is nationwide (1). The requirements for granting approval of experimental drug treatment under Right-To-Try laws are: (1) a terminally ill patient has exhausted all other treatment options and is ineligible to participate in clinical trials, (2) the experimental drug passes FDA phase 1 clinical testing, (3) the patients’ health-care provider or treating physician must recommend and approve the experimental treatment, (4) the pharmaceutical manufacturer must approve the drug for use as an experimental treatment, and (5) patients’ written informed consent is required (2,3). Although certain experimental drugs may improve some patients’ conditions, adverse health effects or no health improvement are more likely.
Circumcision in childhood and male sexual function: a blessing or a curse?
Creators: name: Bañuelos Marco, Beatriz
name: García Heil, Jessica Leigh
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Circumcision, Male
subject: Sexual Behavior
subject: Sexual Dysfunction, Physiological
subject: Sexuality
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Male circumcision (MC) is the first planned surgical procedure ever performed. Nowadays many of these procedures are not necessarily carried out in a medical environment, therefore the real number remains unknown but it is estimated that one third of the men are circumcised. Some authors argue the negative impact of MC on men psychology and sexual life, but objective data are lacking. The purpose of this review is to summarize in the best possible way the literature to clarify this matter. A non-systematic narrative review was performed including articles between 1986 and 2019. The search for literature was carried out between July 2019 to October 2019 and any updates as of March 30, 2020. Although many authors support the hypothesis that circumcision status has an impact on sexual functioning, a negative outcome has not yet been entirely proven. Circumcision might affect how men perceive their body image, and consequently affect their sexual life. We should consider this when analysing the literature about MC and sexual dysfunction, as many of the results are based on specific populations with different attitudes towards this procedure. Sexual function consists of many elements that not only relate to measurable facts such as anatomy, somatosensory and histology. An objective evaluation of the impact of circumcision on sexuality is still challenging, as it affects a wide variety of people that confront sexuality differently due to their sociocultural and historical background. Therefore, individuals can either perceive their circumcision status as a blessing or a curse depending on the values and preferences of the different communities or social environments where they belong.
Phase dynamics in graphene-based Josephson junctions in the presence of thermal and correlated fluctuations
Creators: name: Guarcello, Claudio
name: Valenti, Davide
name: Spagnolo, Bernardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we study by numerical methods the phase dynamics in ballistic graphene-based short Josephson junctions. The supercurrent through a graphene junction shows a non-sinusoidal phase-dependence, unlike a conventional junction ruled by the well-known d.c. Josephson relation. A superconductor-graphene-superconductor system exhibits superconductive quantum metastable states similar to those present in normal current-biased JJs. We explore the effects of thermal and correlated fluctuations on the escape time from these metastable states, when the system is stimulated by an oscillating bias current. As a first step, the analysis is carried out in the presence of an external Gaussian white noise source, which mimics the random fluctuations of the bias current. Varying the noise intensity, it is possible to analyze the behavior of the escape time from a superconductive metastable state in different temperature regimes. Noise induced phenomena, such as resonant activation and noise induced stability, are observed. The study is extended to the case of a coloured Gaussian noise source, analyzing how the escape time from the metastable state is affected by correlated random fluctuations for different values of the noise correlation time.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures
Willingness to Participate in HIV Research at the End of Life (EOL)
Creators: name: Smith, Davey M.
name: Taylor, Jeff
name: Dubé, Karine
name: Gianella, Sara
name: Lee, GaYoung
name: Prakash, Katya
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: Introduction
Animal models have been vital for scientific discovery but have limitations, especially in infectious disease research. It is essential to develop a means to study these diseases in human models. We hypothesized that altruistic people would willingly participate in research near the end-of-life (EOL), for the benefit of science and to provide one last gift to society.

Methodology
Two surveys were administered to 377 self-reported HIV-negative and 96 HIV-positive individuals. Hypothetical questions assessed their willingness to participate in altruistic research in the last 6 months of life, which might result in a shortened lifespan or physical discomforts. The self-reported HIV-negative group was also asked about willingness to be exposed to infectious pathogens for the sake of research.

Results
Almost all responders expressed willingness to participate in research at the EOL, regardless of HIV-status. The majority of participants were willing to endure physical discomfort for the sake of research. ‘Blood draws’ was identified as the most tolerable physical discomfort (>70% in both groups). In both groups, >60% were willing to shorten their lifespans for the sake of research. A third of the self-reported HIV-negative group expressed willingness to be exposed to at least one infectious agent to participate in EOL research.

Conclusions
Our exploratory study demonstrates that people would welcome the opportunity to participate in altruistic research near the EOL. Such research could greatly impact the way infectious disease research is conducted. This study is limited however by its hypothetical nature. Further research is necessary to confirm this interest in those with terminal illness before any further clinical research effort at the EOL can be performed.
ЧЕЛОВЕЧЕСКИЙ ПОТЕНЦИАЛ И КАЧЕСТВО НАСЕЛЕНИЯ: ПОДХОДЫ К ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЮ
Creators: name: А. А. Федотов
Publisher: name: Международный журнал гуманитарных и естественных наук
Year: 2020
Subjects: человеческий потенциал
качество населения
качество жизни.

description: В настоящей статье приведены результаты исследования понятий «человеческий потенциал» и «качество жизни». Отображена история возникновения и развития данных понятий из категорий «трудовые ресурсы» и «трудовой потенциал. Показано, как каждая следующая категория преодолевала недостатки предыдущей и расширяла понимание значения человека для экономики. Если трудовые ресурсы отражали только численность трудоспособного населения, то трудовой потенциал, наряду с количественными характеристиками, стал включать производительные способности населения. Далее, преодолевая недостаточность категории трудового потенциала для описания участия человека в новых экономических процессах появилось понятие человеческого потенциала экономики, включающая прямые и косвенные производительные способности, и потребности населения. Родившись в рамках экономической науки, данное понятие было расширено и в общем виде человеческий потенциал рассматривает все способности, потребности, досуг и межличностные отношения, т.е. все количественные и качественные характеристики населения, вне зависимо от участия в экономической деятельности. Рассмотрена этимология понятий "человеческий потенциал" и "качество населения", сделан вывод об их синонимичности. Выделены два аспекта понятия качества: свойственный и оценочный. Исследована характеристика и структура качества населения. Выведены различные определения понятий "человеческий потенциал" и "качество населения" с разных точек зрения и применительно к разным прикладным задачам.
Outcome of spinal implant-associated infections treated with or without biofilm-active antibiotics: results from a 10-year cohort study
Creators: name: Köder, Karolin
name: Hardt, Sebastian
name: Gellert, Max S.
name: Haupenthal, Judith
name: Renz, Nora
name: Putzier, Michael
name: Perka, Carsten
name: Trampuz, Andrej
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Spine
subject: Implant
subject: Infection
subject: Biofilm
subject: Outcome
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Purpose: Biofilm-active antibiotics are suggested to improve the outcome of implant-associated infections; however, their role in infections after spinal instrumentation is unclear. Therefore, we evaluated the outcome of patients with spinal implant-associated infections treated with and without biofilm-active antibiotics. Methods: The probability of infection-free survival was estimated for treatment of spinal implant-associated infections with and without biofilm-active antibiotics using the Kaplan–Meier method; Cox proportional-hazards regression model was used to identify factors associated with treatment failure. Results: Among 93 included patients, early-onset infection was diagnosed in 61 (66%) and late-onset in 32 infections (34%). Thirty patients (32%) were treated with biofilm-active antibiotic therapy and 63 (68%) without it. The infection-free survival after a median follow-up of 53.7 months (range, 8 days-9.4 years) was 67% (95% confidence interval [CI], 55–82%) after 1 year and 58% (95% CI 43–71%) after 2 years. The infection-free survival after 1 and 2 years was 94% (95% CI 85–99%) and 84% (95% CI 71–93%) for patients treated with biofilm-active antibiotics, respectively, and 57% (95% CI 39–80%) and 49% (95% CI 28–61%) for those treated without biofilm-active antibiotics, respectively (p = 0.009). Treatment with biofilm-active antibiotics (hazard ratio [HR], 0.23, 95% CI 0.07–0.77), infection with Staphylococcus auras (HR, 2.19, 95% CI 1.04–4.62) and polymicrobial infection (HR, 2.44, 95% CI 1.09–6.04) were significantly associated with treatment outcome. Severe pain was observed more often in patients without biofilm-active antibiotic therapy (49% vs. 18%, p = 0.027). Conclusion: Treatment with biofilm-active antibiotics was associated with better treatment outcome and less postoperative pain intensity.
D6.4 - HPC-Framework Machine Learning implementation and test
Creators: name: Adrian, Benjamin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: This document reports about the interfaces and architecture to parallelize the algorithms used in WP 7.3 and WP 6.6. The implementation is an outcome of Task 6.4 (HPC for machine learning methods), which is packaged as a software application called Profiler.
Ultrasound in augmented reality: a mixed-methods evaluation of head-mounted displays in image-guided interventions
Creators: name: Rüger, Christoph
name: Feufel, Markus A.
name: Moosburner, Simon
name: Özbek, Christopher
name: Pratschke, Johann
name: Sauer, Igor M.
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Augmented reality
subject: Mixed reality
subject: Extended reality
subject: AR
subject: MR
subject: XR
subject: HoloLens
subject: Head-mounted display
subject: Biopsy
subject: Needle placement
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Image-guided
subject: Ultrasound-guided
subject: Ergonomics
subject: Mixed methods
subject: Evaluation
subject: Usability
subject: Human factors
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Purpose: Augmented reality (AR) and head-mounted displays (HMD) in medical practice are current research topics. A commonly proposed use case of AR-HMDs is to display data in image-guided interventions. Although technical feasibility has been thoroughly shown, effects of AR-HMDs on interventions are not yet well researched, hampering clinical applicability. Therefore, the goal of this study is to better understand the benefits and limitations of this technology in ultrasound-guided interventions. Methods: We used an AR-HMD system (based on the first-generation Microsoft Hololens) which overlays live ultrasound images spatially correctly at the location of the ultrasound transducer. We chose ultrasound-guided needle placements as a representative task for image-guided interventions. To examine the effects of the AR-HMD, we used mixed methods and conducted two studies in a lab setting: (1) In a randomized crossover study, we asked participants to place needles into a training model and evaluated task duration and accuracy with the AR-HMD as compared to the standard procedure without visual overlay and (2) in a qualitative study, we analyzed the user experience with AR-HMD using think-aloud protocols during ultrasound examinations and semi-structured interviews after the task. Results: Participants (n = 20) placed needles more accurately (mean error of 7.4 mm vs. 4.9 mm, p = 0.022) but not significantly faster (mean task duration of 74.4 s vs. 66.4 s, p = 0.211) with the AR-HMD. All participants in the qualitative study (n = 6) reported limitations of and unfamiliarity with the AR-HMD, yet all but one also clearly noted benefits and/or that they would like to test the technology in practice. Conclusion: We present additional, though still preliminary, evidence that AR-HMDs provide benefits in image-guided procedures. Our data also contribute insights into potential causes underlying the benefits, such as improved spatial perception. Still, more comprehensive studies are needed to ascertain benefits for clinical applications and to clarify mechanisms underlying these benefits.
КАЧЕСТВО ТРУДОВОЙ ЖИЗНИ РАБОТНИКОВ ПРЕДПРИЯТИЙ РОССИЙСКОГО ДАЛЬНЕГО ВОСТОКА
Creators: name: К. В. Филиппова
Publisher: name: Международный журнал гуманитарных и естественных наук
Year: 2020
Subjects: качество трудовой жизни
регионы российского Дальнего Востока
заработная плата
безопасность и условия труда

description: Качество трудовой жизни является важнейшим интегральным показателем, характеризующий уровень жизни населения страны. Для оценки качества трудовой жизни работников предприятий в статье были проанализированы некоторые статистические показатели, которые, с нашей точки зрения раскрывают это понятие. К таким показателя можно отнести заработную плату, уровень участия в рабочей силе, безопасность и условия труда. Согласно данным государственной службы статистики по регионам Российской Федерации, проведен анализ указанных выше показателей в разрезе субъектов российского Дальнего Востока.
Supplementary document for Origin of Zenneck-like waves excited by optical nanoantennas in non-plasmonic transition metals - 5906460.pdf
Creators: name: Yi, Juemin
name: Leon-Perez, Fernando
name: Cuche, Aurélien
name: Devaux, Eloïse
name: Genet, Cyriaque
name: Moreno, Luis-Martin
name: Ebbesen, Thomas
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2022
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supplemental document
Screening of the Reissner-Nordström charge by a thin-shell of dust matter
Creators: name: Mazharimousavi, S. Habib
name: Halilsoy, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A concentric charged thin-shell encircling a Reissner-Nordström black hole screens the clectric / magnetic charge completely to match with an external Schwarzschild black hole. The negative mass thin-shell is shown to be stable against radial perturbations. It is shown further that by reversing the roles of inside Reissner-Nordström and outside Schwarzschild geometries the mass of the appropriate shell becomes positive.
description: 5 pages, one figure, final version published in EPJC
УРОВЕНЬ СМЕРТНОСТИ В РОССИИ: СОСТОЯНИЕ И МЕРЫ ПО ЕЕ СНИЖЕНИЮ
Creators: name: Г. В. Хамер
Publisher: name: Международный журнал гуманитарных и естественных наук
Year: 2020
Subjects: уровень смертности населения
естественный прирост (убыль) населения
факторы роста смертности
естественные и искусственные причины смертности.

description: Одной из острых социальных проблем в России является высокий уровень смертности населения. Показатели смертности превышают показатели рождаемости, следовательно, наблюдается отрицательный естественный прирост населения. В статье проведен анализ статистики естественных и искусственных причин смертности, эффективности мер по снижению смертности, принимаемых в РФ, сделаны предложения по улучшению сложившейся ситуации.
title: BC Studies: The British Columbian Quarterly, No. 217: Spring 2023
title: Spring 2023
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: BC Studies: The British Columbian Quarterly
Publisher: name: BC Studies: The British Columbian Quarterly
Year: 2023

description: To purchase a print copy of this issue, visit our website. Featuring cover artwork by Christopher Auchter, and articles by Sarah Hunt/Tłaliłila’ogwa, Nicholas Fast, Ian Baird, and Patricia E. Roy. This issue also incluses book reviews and a bibliography of recent publications on BC.
description: Contributors...147 Bibliography of BC...133-146 Book Reviews...115-132 Calls to Action Accountability...5 Artist Statement...3 Looking for Lucy Homiskanis, Confronting Emily Carr...7-33 "Eat the Okanagan into Prosperity"...79-113 Exclusion and New Contact Zones...53-78 “We were a social movement as well"...35-52
The Need to Track Payment Incentives to Participate in HIV Research
Creators: name: Brown, Brandon
name: Khoshnood, Kaveh
name: Dubé, Karine
name: Galea, Jerome T.
name: Marg, Logan
name: Davidson, Peter
name: Taylor, Jeff
name: Holtzman, Lisa
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: The article provides a potential approach to explore the impact of financial incentives on biomedical human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) research and clarify undue inducement. Topics mentioned include concerns about payment to participate, a payment database for HIV research, and lack of data about payment incentives.
If We Build It, Will They Come? Perceptions of HIV Cure Research by People Living with HIV in Four U.S. Cities – A Qualitative Focus Group Study
Creators: name: Taylor, Jeff
name: Sylla, Laurie
name: Dubé, Karine
name: Gilbertson, Adam
name: Auerbach, Judith D.
name: Evans, David
name: Palm, David
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Global interest and investment in the search for an HIV cure has increased. Research has focused on what experts refer to as a sterilizing or eradicating cure, where HIV is eliminated from the body, and on what is often called a functional cure, where HIV remains, kept durably suppressed in the absence of antiretroviral treatment and therapy (ART). Many believe that a functional cure is likely to be found first.Global interest and investment in the search for an HIV cure has increased. Research has focused on what experts refer to as a sterilizing or eradicating cure, where HIV is eliminated from the body, and on what is often called a functional cure, where HIV remains, kept durably suppressed in the absence of antiretroviral treatment and therapy (ART). Many believe that a functional cure is likely to be found first. HIV cure studies will require active participation by people living with HIV (PLWHIV). Their desires and perceptions will be important to effectively recruit study participants and for the uptake of any future strategy that demonstrates safety and efficacy. The perspectives of PLWHIV are essential to advancing HIV cure research, and they should be taken into consideration as biomedical research advances. We conducted 10 focus groups in four U.S. cities, eliciting perspectives of PLWHIV on HIV cure and cure research. Most participants conceived of a cure as eradicating, and felt favorably toward it. In addition to the physical benefits of a potential cure, participants valued the possible de-stigmatization related to no longer living with HIV, liberation from concerns about transmitting HIV, and freedom from the burden of daily medication. Many participants did not regard a functional cure as an improvement over controlling HIV through ART, were distrustful about viral rebound potential, and noted concerns about medical complications and accompanying psychological distress. Some felt that the risks of HIV cure research were not worth taking. Many were skeptical about science's ability to eliminate HIV from the body.
D6.2 - Model Order Reduction Toolbox
Creators: name: Adrian, Benjamin
name: Panjwani, Balram
name: Samseth, Jon
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: This document reports about the Model Order Reduction, which we implemented in Task 6.2 and delivered as toolbox to the partners of the Upwards consortium. Partners use this toolbox for performing a rank reduction of models in the high dimensional data space of wind parks. Simulating wind parks by rank reduced models requires much less computation memory and time than their originating counterparts.
Reply to Commentary: “Are HIV Infected Candidates for Participation in Risky Cure-Related Studies Otherwise Healthy.”
Creators: name: Dee, Lynda
name: Dubé, Karine
name: Sylla, Laurie
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: We respond to Eyal et al.'s commentary focusing on how people living with HIV participating in HIV cure-related studies are defined. We argue that the types of participants enrolled in research cannot be dissociated from the study interventions, the types of anticipated risks, and the background standard of care. As the field of HIV cure research advances, more nuance and granularity will be needed to define research criteria and acceptable risk/benefit ratios for cure study participants, as well as specific tiered protocol designs that serve to protect various participant populations from untoward risks, especially in very early phase research with interventions known to have potentially serious toxicities. We highlight key lessons from the ACTIVATE study involving a latency-reversing agent, Panobinostat, for HIV cure study design involving "otherwise healthy volunteers".
Small Semantic Networks in Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder Without Intellectual Impairment: A Verbal Fluency Approach
Creators: name: Ehlen, Felicitas
name: Roepke, Stefan
name: Klostermann, Fabian
name: Baskow, Irina
name: Geise, Pia
name: Belica, Cyril
name: Tiedt, Hannes Ole
name: Behnia, Behnoush
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: ASD
subject: Verbal fluency
subject: Mental lexicon
subject: Clusters
subject: WCC
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) experience a variety of symptoms sometimes including atypicalities in language use. The study explored differences in semantic network organisation of adults with ASD without intellectual impairment. We assessed clusters and switches in verbal fluency tasks (‘animals’, ‘human feature’, ‘verbs’, ‘r-words’) via curve fitting in combination with corpus-driven analysis of semantic relatedness and evaluated socio-emotional and motor action related content. Compared to participants without ASD (n = 39), participants with ASD (n = 32) tended to produce smaller clusters, longer switches, and fewer words in semantic conditions (no p values survived Bonferroni-correction), whereas relatedness and content were similar. In ASD, semantic networks underlying cluster formation appeared comparably small without affecting strength of associations or content.
NLR we there yet? Nucleocytoplasmic coordination of NLR-mediated immunity
Creators: name: Lüdke, Daniel
name: Yan, Qiqi
name: Rohmann, Philipp F. W.
name: Wiermer, Marcel
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: NLR immune receptor
subject: nuclear envelope
subject: nuclear pore complex
subject: nuclear transport receptor
subject: nucleocytoplasmic NLR signalling
subject: plant immunity
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: Plant intracellular nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat immune receptors (NLRs) perceive the activity of pathogen-secreted effector molecules that, when undetected, promote colonisation of hosts. Signalling from activated NLRs converges with and potentiates downstream responses from activated pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) that sense microbial signatures at the cell surface. Efficient signalling of both receptor branches relies on the host cell nucleus as an integration point for transcriptional reprogramming, and on the macromolecular transport processes that mediate the communication between cytoplasm and nucleoplasm. Studies on nuclear pore complexes (NPCs), the nucleoporin proteins (NUPs) that compose NPCs, and nuclear transport machinery constituents that control nucleocytoplasmic transport, have revealed that they play important roles in regulating plant immune responses. Here, we discuss the contributions of nucleoporins and nuclear transport receptor (NTR)-mediated signal transduction in plant immunity with an emphasis on NLR immune signalling across the nuclear compartment boundary and within the nucleus. We also highlight and discuss cytoplasmic and nuclear functions of NLRs and their signalling partners and further consider the potential implications of NLR activation and resistosome formation in both cellular compartments for mediating plant pathogen resistance and programmed host cell death.
Supplementary document for Bullet jet as a tool for soft matter piercing and needle-free liquid injection - 5990660.pdf
Creators: name: Rosselló, Juan
name: Ohl, Claus-Dieter
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 20303 Fluid Physics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Description of the method used to characterize the gelatin
Einsatz von KI im Versicherungssektor – mit Schwerpunkt Versicherungsmedizin
Creators: name: Armbrüster, Christian
name: Prill, Jonathan
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Versicherungssektor
subject: Künstliche Intelligenz
subject: Versicherungsmedizin
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::340 Recht::347 Zivilprozessrecht, Zivilgerichte

description: Der Einsatz von Künstlicher Intelligenz (KI) im Versicherungssektor ist in jüngerer Zeit immer mehr ins Blickfeld geraten. Im medizinischen Bereich, auf dem hier der Schwerpunkt liegen soll, gilt dies nicht allein für originär medizinische Themen wie diagnostische und therapeutische Maßnahmen. Vielmehr gewinnt KI auch in den verschiedenen Stadien des Versicherungsverhältnisses – von der Risikoeinschätzung und der Tarifierung über die Vertragsanbahnung bis hin zur Regulierung von Versicherungsfällen – zunehmend an Bedeutung. Der Einsatz von KI eröffnet viele Chancen; dabei sieht sich der Anwender allerdings auch vor einige rechtliche und ethische Herausforderungen gestellt.
description: The use of artificial intelligence (AI) in the insurance sector has recently received more and more attention. In the medical field, which is the focus here, this does not only apply to classical medical topics such as diagnostic and therapeutic measures. Rather, AI is also becoming increasingly important in the various stages of the insurance relationship–from risk assessment and pricing to contract initiation and the settlement of insurance claims. The use of AI opens up many opportunities; however, the user also faces some legal and ethical challenges.
Gauge invariance, Lorentz covariance and canonical quantization in nucleon structure studies
Creators: name: Wang, Fan
name: Chen, X. S.
name: Sun, W. M.
name: Zhang, P. M.
name: Wong, C. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There are different operators of quark and gluon momenta, orbital angular momenta, and gluon spin in the nucleon structure study. The precise meaning of these operators are studied based on gauge invariance, Lorentz covariance and canonical quantization rule. The advantage and disadvantage of different definitions are analyzed. A gauge invariant canonical decomposition of the total momentum and angular momentum into quark and gluon parts is suggested based on the decomposition of the gauge potential into gauge invariant (covariant) physical part and gauge dependent pure gauge part. Challenges to this proposal are answered. \keywords{Physical and pure gauge potentials; Gauge invariant canonical quark and gluon momenta, orbital angular momenta and spins; Homogeneous and non-homogeneous Lorentz transformations; Gauge invariant decomposition and gauge invariant extension; Classical and quantum measurements.
description: 6 pages, contribution to Proceedings of LC2014
ОЦЕНКА ВЛИЯНИЯ РЕАЛИЗАЦИИ НАЦИОНАЛЬНОГО ПРОЕКТА «ОБРАЗОВАНИЕ» НА ЭКОНОМИКУ РОССИИ
Creators: name: Г. В. Хамер
name: А. С. Фирсова
Publisher: name: Международный журнал гуманитарных и естественных наук
Year: 2020
Subjects: национальный проект «Образование»
экономика России
экономический рост
ВВП.

description: В статье рассмотрено влияние реализации национального проекта «Образование» на экономический рост России. Отмечено, что по мнению экспертов, несмотря на амбициозные расходы бюджета, чистый прямой эффект от расходов на реализацию национальных проектов для роста экономики России эквивалентен всего 0,2% ВВП в год в 2019-2021 годах. При этом предполагается, что основной вклад в динамику роста ВВП придется на первые два года их реализации.
Crucial but Understudied: Incentives in HIV Research
Creators: name: Dubé, K.
name: Galea, J. T.
name: Brown, B.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: In this issue of The Lancet HIV, Katherine Kranzer and colleagues report that economic incentives for caregivers in Zimbabwe increased uptake of HIV testing and counselling by children aged 8–17 years compared with caregivers with no financial incentive. HIV testing of groups that are hard to reach is a formidable challenge worldwide, and innovative strategies to reach adolescents in particular are crucial to reaching UNAIDS’ 90-90-90 goals