cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Semisupervised Anomaly Detection using Support Vector Regression with Quantum Kernel
Creators: name: Tscharke, Kilian
name: Issel, Sebastian
name: Debus, Pascal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Anomaly detection (AD) involves identifying observations or events that deviate in some way from the rest of the data. Machine learning techniques have shown success in automating this process by detecting hidden patterns and deviations in large-scale data. The potential of quantum computing for machine learning has been widely recognized, leading to extensive research efforts to develop suitable quantum machine learning (QML) algorithms. In particular, the search for QML algorithms for near-term NISQ devices is in full swing. However, NISQ devices pose additional challenges due to their limited qubit coherence times, low number of qubits, and high error rates. Kernel methods based on quantum kernel estimation have emerged as a promising approach to QML on NISQ devices, offering theoretical guarantees, versatility, and compatibility with NISQ constraints. Especially support vector machines (SVM) utilizing quantum kernel estimation have shown success in various supervised learning tasks. However, in the context of AD, semisupervised learning is of great relevance, and yet there is limited research published in this area. This paper introduces an approach to semisupervised AD based on the reconstruction loss of a support vector regression (SVR) with quantum kernel. This novel model is an alternative to the variational quantum and quantum kernel one-class classifiers, and is compared to a quantum autoencoder as quantum baseline and a SVR with radial-basis-function (RBF) kernel as well as a classical autoencoder as classical baselines. The models are benchmarked extensively on 10 real-world AD data sets and one toy data set, and it is shown that our SVR model with quantum kernel performs better than the SVR with RBF kernel as well as all other models, achieving highest mean AUC over all data sets. In addition, our QSVR outperforms the quantum autoencoder on 9 out of 11 data sets.
description: Accepted to IEEE International Conference on Quantum Computing and Engineering (QCE) 2023
Measurement sharpness and disturbance tradeoff
Creators: name: Saberian, Nayere
name: Akhtarshenas, Seyed Javad
name: Shahbeigi, Fereshte
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Obtaining information from a quantum system through a measurement typically disturbs its state. The postmeasurement states for a given measurement, however, are not unique and highly rely on the chosen measurement model, complicating the puzzle of information-disturbance. Two distinct questions are then in order. Firstly, what is the minimum disturbance a measurement may induce? Secondly, when a fixed disturbance occurs, how informative is the possible measurement in the best-case scenario? Here, we propose various approaches to tackle these questions and provide explicit solutions for the set of unbiased binary qubit measurements and postmeasurement state spaces that are equivalent to the image of a unital qubit channel. In particular, we show there are different tradeoff relations between the sharpness of this measurement and the average fidelity of the premeasurement and postmeasurement state spaces as well as the sharpness and quantum resources preserved in the postmeasurement states in terms of coherence and discord-like correlation once the measurement is applied locally.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures
Microscopic quantum generalization of classical Liénard oscillators
Creators: name: Bhattacharyya, Srijan
name: Ghosh, Arnab
name: Ray, Deb Shankar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on a system-reservoir model and an appropriate choice of nonlinear coupling, we have explored the microscopic quantum generalization of classical Liénard systems. Making use of oscillator coherent states and canonical thermal distributions of the associated c-numbers, we have derived the quantum Langevin equation of the reduced system which admits of single or multiple limit cycles. It has been shown that detailed balance in the form of fluctuation-dissipation relation preserves the dynamical stability of the attractors even in case of vacuum excitation. The quantum versions of Rayleigh, Van der Pol and several other variants of Liénard oscillators are derived as special cases in our theoretical scheme within a mean-field description.
description: Submitted to Physical review E
Anyonic Mach-Zehnder interferometer on a single edge of a 2D electron gas
Creators: name: Batra, Navketan
name: Wei, Zezhu
name: Vishveshwara, Smitha
name: Feldman, D. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Anyonic Fabry-Pérot and Mach-Zehnder interferometers have been proposed theoretically and implemented experimentally as tools to probe electric charges and statistics of anyons. The experimentally observed visibility of Aharonov-Bohm oscillations is maximal at a high transmission through an interferometer but simple theoretical expressions for the electric currents and noises are only available at low visibility. We consider an alternative version of a Mach-Zehnder interferometer, in which anyons tunnel between co-propagating chiral channels on the edges of quantum Hall liquids at the filling factors $n/(2n+1)$. We find simple exact solutions for any transmission. The solutions allow a straight-forward interpretation in terms of fractional charges and statistics.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures
Learning Control Policies for Variable Objectives from Offline Data
Creators: name: Weber, Marc
name: Swazinna, Phillip
name: Hein, Daniel
name: Udluft, Steffen
name: Sterzing, Volkmar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Offline reinforcement learning provides a viable approach to obtain advanced control strategies for dynamical systems, in particular when direct interaction with the environment is not available. In this paper, we introduce a conceptual extension for model-based policy search methods, called variable objective policy (VOP). With this approach, policies are trained to generalize efficiently over a variety of objectives, which parameterize the reward function. We demonstrate that by altering the objectives passed as input to the policy, users gain the freedom to adjust its behavior or re-balance optimization targets at runtime, without need for collecting additional observation batches or re-training.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures
A 2 mm spectral line survey of the starburst galaxy NGC 253
Creators: name: Martín, S.
name: Mauersberger, R.
name: Martín-Pintado, J.
name: Henkel, C.
name: García-Burillo, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first unbiased molecular line survey towards an extragalactic source, namely the nuclear region of the starburst galaxy NGC 253. The scan covers the frequency band from 129.1 to 175.2 GHz, i.e. most of the 2mm atmospheric window. We identify 111 spectral features as transitions from 25 different molecular species. Eight of which (three tentatively) are detected for the first time in the extragalactic interstellar medium. Among these newly detected species, we detected the rare isotopomers 34SO and HC18O+. Tentative detections of two deuterated species, DNC and N2D+, are reported for the first time from a target beyond the Magellanic Clouds. Additionally, three hydrogen recombination lines are identified, while no organic molecules larger than methanol are detected. Column densities and rotation temperatures are calculated for all the species, including an upper limit to the ethanol abundance. A comparison of the chemical composition of the nuclear environment of NGC 253 with those of selected nearby galaxies demonstrates the chemical resemblance of IC 342 and NGC 4945 to that of NGC 253. On the other hand, the chemistries characterizing NGC 253 and M 82 are clearly different. We also present a comparison of the chemical composition of NGC 253 with those observed in Galactic prototypical sources. The chemistry of NGC 253 shows a striking similarity with the chemistry observed toward the Galactic center molecular clouds, which are thought to be dominated by low-velocity shocks. This resemblance strongly suggests that the heating in the nuclear environment of NGC 253 is dominated by the same mechanism as that in the central region of the Milky Way.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJS
GaBoDS: The Garching-Bonn Deep Survey VIII. Lyman-break galaxies in the ESO Deep Public Survey
Creators: name: Hildebrandt, H.
name: Pielorz, J.
name: Erben, T.
name: Schneider, P.
name: Eifler, T.
name: Simon, P.
name: Dietrich, J. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aims. The clustering properties of a large sample of U-dropouts are investigated and compared to very precise results for B-dropouts from other studies to identify a possible evolution from z=4 to z=3. Methods. A population of ~8800 candidates for star-forming galaxies at z=3 is selected via the well-known Lyman-break technique from a large optical multicolour survey (the ESO Deep Public Survey). The selection efficiency, contamination rate, and redshift distribution of this population are investigated by means of extensive simulations. Photometric redshifts are estimated for every Lyman-break galaxy (LBG) candidate from its UBVRI photometry yielding an empirical redshift distribution. The measured angular correlation function is deprojected and the resulting spatial correlation lengths and slopes of the correlation function of different subsamples are compared to previous studies. Results. By fitting a simple power law to the correlation function we do not see an evolution in the correlation length and the slope from other studies at z=4 to our study at z=3. In particular, the dependence of the slope on UV-luminosity similar to that recently detected for a sample of B-dropouts is confirmed also for our U-dropouts. For the first time number statistics for U-dropouts are sufficient to clearly detect a departure from a pure power law on small scales down to ~2" reported by other groups for B-dropouts.
description: 10 pages, 11 figures, accepted by A&A, full resolution version available at http://www.astro.uni-bonn.de/~hendrik/5880.pdf
Stabilized finite element method for incompressible solid dynamics using an updated Lagrangian formulation
Creators: name: Nemer, R.
name: Larcher, A.
name: Coupez, T.
name: Hachem, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper proposes a novel way to solve transient linear, and non-linear solid dynamics for compressible, nearly incompressible, and incompressible material in the updated Lagrangian framework for tetrahedral unstructured finite elements. It consists of a mixed formulation in both displacement and pressure, where the momentum equation of the continuum is complemented with a pressure equation that handles incompresibility inherently. It is obtained through the deviatoric and volumetric split of the stress, that enables us to solve the problem in the incompressible limit. The Varitaional Multi-Scale method (VMS) is developed based on the orthogonal decomposition of the variables, which damps out spurious pressure fields for piece wise linear tetrahedral elements. Various numerical examples are presented to assess the robustness, accuracy and capabilities of our scheme in bending dominated problems, and for complex geometries.
description: 31 pages, 16 figures, submitted to CMAME
Studio dell'influenza delle lavorazioni meccaniche ed elettrochimiche sulla morfologia superficiale di manufatti metallici
Creators: name: Velotti, Carla
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2015

description: Nel lavoro di tesi vengono riportati i risultati delle indagini condotte sulle lamiere in lega di alluminio fresate, chimicamente e meccanicamente, per  impiego nei pannelli delle fusoliere degli aerei.  I provini, in lega di alluminio AA 2024-T3, sono stati realizzati da Alenia Aermacchi S.p.A. nello stabilimento di Nola, la quale ha provveduto alla fornitura di prodotti che differiscono  per la tipologia di lavorazione impiegata; alcuni provini sono stati  fresati chimicamente altri, invece, sono stati fresati meccanicamente. Il processo di fresatura meccanica è stato eseguito sulle macchine fresatrici a controllo numerico di nuova installazione basate su una tecnologia denominata Mirror Milling system (Fresatura a Specchio). Con questa tecnica è possibile realizzare tasche di alleggerimento sui detti pannelli con notevoli vantaggi sia in termini ambientali che di produttività. Ci si è posti, dunque, il problema di andare a valutare se il prodotto ottenuto mediante fresatura meccanica avesse delle caratteristiche confrontabili con i prodotti chimici dal  punto di vista microgeometrico, micromeccanico e microstrutturale.  E' stato pertanto intrapreso un percorso sperimentale volto a mettere in risalto le affinità e le eventuali differenze che contraddistinguono le due tecnologie indagate.
Accelerated Lanthanide Intercalation into Graphite Catalyzed by Na
Creators: name: Iyo, Akira
name: Fujihisa, Hiroshi
name: Gotoh, Yoshito
name: Ishida, Shigeyuki
name: Eisaki, Hiroshi
name: Ogino, Hiraku
name: Kawashima, Kenji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Lanthanides ($Ln$) are notoriously difficult to intercalate into graphite. We investigated the possibility of using Na to catalyze the formation of $Ln$-intercalated graphite and successfully synthesized $Ln$C$_6$ ($Ln$ = Sm, Eu, and Yb) significantly rapidly in high yields. The synthesis process involves the formation of the reaction intermediate NaC$_x$, through the mixing of Na and C, which subsequently reacts with $Ln$ upon heating to form $Ln$C$_6$. Well-sintered $Ln$C$_6$ pellets with low residual Na concentrations ($Ln$:Na = 98:2) were fabricated by the two-step method. The pellets enabled the evaluation of $Ln$C$_6$ by powder X-ray diffraction and electrical resistivity measurements. This study highlights the versatility of the Na-catalyzed method and lays the foundation for the rapid mass production of $Ln$C$_6$, with potential applications in superconducting and rechargeable battery materials.
description: 16 pages, 7 figures
On the rotational velocity of Sirius A
Creators: name: Takeda, Yoichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With an aim of getting information on the equatorial rotation velocity (v_e) of Sirius A separated from the inclination effect (sin i), a detailed profile analysis based on the Fourier transform technique was carried out for a large number of spectral lines, while explicitly taking into account the line-by-line differences in the centre-limb behaviours and the gravity darkening effect (which depend on the physical properties of each line) based on model calculations. The simulations showed that how the 1st-zero frequencies (q_1) of Fourier transform amplitudes depends on v_e is essentially determined by the temperature-sensitivity parameter (K) differing from line to line, and that Fe I lines (especially those of very weak ones) are more sensitive to v_e than Fe II lines. The following conclusions were drawn by comparing the theoretical and observed q_1 values for many Fe I and Fe II lines: (1) The projected rotational velocity (vsini) for Sirius A is fairly well established at 16.3 (+/-0.1) km/s by requiring that both Fe I and Fe II lines yield consistent results. (2) Although precise separation of v_e and i is difficult, v_e is concluded to be in the range of 16 < v_e < 30-40 km/s, which corresponds to 25 < i(deg) < 90. Accordingly, Sirius A is an intrinsically slow rotator for an A-type star, being consistent with its surface chemical peculiarity.
description: 17 pages, 11 figures, with online supplementary data; accepted for publication in MNRAS
Young Adult Unemployment Through the Lens of Social Media: Italy as a case study
Creators: name: Urbinati, Alessandra
name: Kalimeri, Kyriaki
name: Bonanomi, Andrea
name: Rosina, Alessandro
name: Cattuto, Ciro
name: Paolotti, Daniela
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Youth unemployment rates are still in alerting levels for many countries, among which Italy. Direct consequences include poverty, social exclusion, and criminal behaviours, while negative impact on the future employability and wage cannot be obscured. In this study, we employ survey data together with social media data, and in particular likes on Facebook Pages, to analyse personality, moral values, but also cultural elements of the young unemployed population in Italy. Our findings show that there are small but significant differences in personality and moral values, with the unemployed males to be less agreeable while females more open to new experiences. At the same time, unemployed have a more collectivist point of view, valuing more in-group loyalty, authority, and purity foundations. Interestingly, topic modelling analysis did not reveal major differences in interests and cultural elements of the unemployed. Utilisation patterns emerged though; the employed seem to use Facebook to connect with local activities, while the unemployed use it mostly as for entertainment purposes and as a source of news, making them susceptible to mis/disinformation. We believe these findings can help policymakers get a deeper understanding of this population and initiatives that improve both the hard and the soft skills of this fragile population.
description: 8 pages. Published in SocInfo 2020 Proceedings. Title update
Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project - Volume 89
Creators: name: Moberly, R.
name: Schlanger, S.O.
name: The Leg 89 Science Party
Publisher: name: U.S. Government Printing Office
Year: 1986
Subjects: Deep Sea Drilling Project
Glomar Challenger
DSDP
Leg 89
Site 462
Site 585
Site 586
Western Pacific Ocean
East Mariana Basin
Western Equatorial Pacific

description: This volume covers Leg 89 of the cruises of the Drilling Vessel Glomar Challenger. Because drilling during the DSDP-IPOD program had not yet succeeded in sampling Jurassic sediments from the Mesozoic superocean, remnants of which remain in the western Pacific, Leg 89 was designed to recover sediments of probably Bathonian-Callovian age (150-160 m.y. old). Recovery of such sediments would enable us to compare Mesozoic superocean strata and paleoenvironmental conditions with Atlantic sediments, paleoenvironments of similar age, and coeval strata deposited along Tethyan continental margins—now exposed in Tertiary fold belts. The specific paleoenvironmental questions to be addressed on Leg 89 include the following: 1. How did the early evolution and radiation of the oceanic plankton (coccoliths, radiolarians, benthic and planktonic foraminifers) influence the composition of pelagic sediments, and how do these fauna and flora reflect Mesozoic ocean chemistry? 2. Did the opening of the North Atlantic Ocean affect the circulation and chemistry of the world ocean in a manner similar to that which has been proposed for the opening of the South Atlantic? 3. Are "pelagic" sediments exposed in Tertiary fold belts (ribbon radiolarites, ammonitico rosso, etc.) characteristic of open ocean environments? 4. Can we establish an early Mesozoic pelagic bio- and magneto-chronology? 5. Were the mid-Cretaceous sedimentary environments in the deep Pacific better oxygenated than those in the Atlantic and Indian oceans? The basic objective of Leg 89 was the recovery of a truly oceanic sediment record, which is only preserved in the western Pacific. Leg 89 began in Yokohama, Japan in October 1982 and ended in Noumea, New Caledonia in November 1982.
What factors have caused Japanese prefectures to attract a larger population influx?
Creators: name: Kokubun, Keisuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Economics (econ.GN)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Regional promotion and centralized correction in Tokyo have long been the goals of the Government of Japan. Furthermore, in the wake of the recent new coronavirus (COVID-19) epidemic, the momentum for rural migration is increasing, to prevent the risk of infection with the help of penetration of remote work. However, there is not enough debate about what kind of land will attract the population. Therefore, in this paper, we will consider this problem by performing correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis with the inflow rate and the excess inflow rate of the population as the dependent variables, using recent government statistics for each prefecture. As a result of the analysis, in addition to economic factor variables, variables of climatic, amenity, and human factors correlated with the inflow rate, and it was shown that the model has the greatest explanatory power when multiple factors were used in addition to specific factors. Therefore, local prefectures are required to take regional promotion measures focusing on not only economic factors but also multifaceted factors to attract the outside population.
The solutions of the Yang-Baxter equation for the $(n+1)(2n+1)$-vertex models through a differential approach
Creators: name: Vieira, R. S.
name: Lima-Santos, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The formal derivatives of the Yang-Baxter equation with respect to its spectral parameters, evaluated at some fixed point of these parameters, provide us with two systems of differential equations. The derivatives of the $R$ matrix elements, however, can be regarded as independent variables and eliminated from the systems, after which two systems of polynomial equations are obtained in place. In general, these polynomial systems have a non-zero Hilbert dimension, which means that not all elements of the R matrix can be fixed through them. Nevertheless, the remaining unknowns can be found by solving a few number of simple differential equations that arise as consistency conditions of the method. The branches of the solutions can also be easily analyzed by this method, which ensures the uniqueness and generality of the solutions. In this work we considered the Yang-Baxter equation for the $(n+1)(2n+1)$-vertex models with a generalization based on the $A_n$ symmetry. This differential approach allowed us to solve the Yang-Baxter equation in a systematic way.
description: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1712.02341 16 pages, corrected misprints and added references
Predicting Foreign Exchange EUR/USD direction using machine learning
Creators: name: Guyard, Kevin Cedric
name: Deriaz, Michel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Statistical Finance (q-fin.ST)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: The Foreign Exchange market is a significant market for speculators, characterized by substantial transaction volumes and high volatility. Accurately predicting the directional movement of currency pairs is essential for formulating a sound financial investment strategy. This paper conducts a comparative analysis of various machine learning models for predicting the daily directional movement of the EUR/USD currency pair in the Foreign Exchange market. The analysis includes both decorrelated and non-decorrelated feature sets using Principal Component Analysis. Additionally, this study explores meta-estimators, which involve stacking multiple estimators as input for another estimator, aiming to achieve improved predictive performance. Ultimately, our approach yielded a prediction accuracy of 58.52% for one-day ahead forecasts, coupled with an annual return of 32.48% for the year 2022.
Discrete Complex Structure on Surfel Surfaces
Creators: name: Mercat, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Computational Geometry (cs.CG)
subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper defines a theory of conformal parametrization of digital surfaces made of surfels equipped with a normal vector. The main idea is to locally project each surfel to the tangent plane, therefore deforming its aspect-ratio. It is a generalization of the theory known for polyhedral surfaces. The main difference is that the conformal ratios that appear are no longer real in general. It yields a generalization of the standard Laplacian on weighted graphs.
Cartan approach to Teleparallel Equivalent to General Relativity: a review
Creators: name: Huguet, E.
name: Delliou, M. Le
name: Fontanini, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In previous works, questioning the mathematical nature of the connection in the translations gauge theory formulation of Teleparallel Equivalent to General Relativity (TEGR) Theory led us to propose a new formulation using a Cartan connection. In this review, we summarize the presentation of that proposal and discuss it from a gauge theoretic perspective.
description: From the (web)Teleparallel Gravity Workshop COSMOGRAV 2020 Tartu june 15-19. Revtex 9 pages
An interpretable formula for lattice thermal conductivity of crystals
Creators: name: Wang, Xiaoying
name: Shu, Guoyu
name: Zhu, Guimei
name: Wang, Jiansheng
name: Sun, Jun
name: Ding, Xiangdong
name: Li, Baowen
name: Gao, Zhibin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Lattice thermal conductivity (kL) is a crucial physical property of crystals with applications in thermal management, such as heat dissipation, insulation, and thermoelectric energy conversion. However, accurately and rapidly determining kL poses a considerable challenge. In this study, we introduce an formula that achieves high precision (mean relative error=8.97%) and provides fast predictions, taking less than one minute, for kL across a wide range of inorganic binary and ternary materials. Our interpretable, dimensionally aligned and physical grounded formula forecasts kL values for 4,601 binary and 6,995 ternary materials in the Materials Project database. Notably, we predict undiscovered high kL values for AlBN2 (kL=101 W/ m/ K) and the undetectedlow kL Cs2Se (kL=0.98 W/ m/ K) at room temperature. This method for determining kL streamlines the traditionally time-consuming process associated with complex phonon physics. It provides insights into microscopic heat transport and facilitates the design and screening of materials with targeted and extreme kL values through the application of phonon engineering. Our findings offer opportunities for controlling and optimizing macroscopic transport properties of materials by engineering their bulk modulus, shear modulus, and Gruneisen parameter.
Towards Traitor Tracing in Black-and-White-Box DNN Watermarking with Tardos-based Codes
Creators: name: Rodriguez-Lois, Elena
name: Perez-Gonzalez, Fernando
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The growing popularity of Deep Neural Networks, which often require computationally expensive training and access to a vast amount of data, calls for accurate authorship verification methods to deter unlawful dissemination of the models and identify the source of the leak. In DNN watermarking the owner may have access to the full network (white-box) or only be able to extract information from its output to queries (black-box), but a watermarked model may include both approaches in order to gather sufficient evidence to then gain access to the network. Although there has been limited research in white-box watermarking that considers traitor tracing, this problem is yet to be explored in the black-box scenario. In this paper, we propose a black-and-white-box watermarking method for DNN classifiers that opens the door to collusion-resistant traitor tracing in black-box, exploiting the properties of Tardos codes, and making it possible to identify the source of the leak before access to the model is granted. While experimental results show that the method can successfully identify traitors, even when further attacks have been performed, we also discuss its limitations and open problems for traitor tracing in black-box.
description: \c{opyright} 2023 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works
Dissipative self-assembly of patchy particles under nonequilibrium drive: a computational study
Creators: name: Nag, Shubhadeep
name: Bisker, Gili
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Inspired by biology and implemented using nanotechnology, the self-assembly of patchy particles has emerged as a pivotal mechanism for constructing complex structures that mimic natural systems with diverse functionalities. Here, we explore the dissipative self-assembly of patchy particles under nonequilibrium conditions, with the aim of overcoming the constraints imposed by equilibrium assembly. Utilizing extensive Monte Carlo (MC) and Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations, we provide insight into the effects of external forces that mirror natural and chemical processes on the assembly rates and the stability of the resulting assemblies comprising $8$, $10$, and $13$ patchy particles. Implemented by a favorable bond-promoting drive in MC or a pulsed square wave potential in MD, our simulations reveal the role these external drives play in accelerating assembly kinetics and enhancing structural stability, evidenced by a decrease in the time to first assembly and an increase in the duration the system remains in an assembled state. Through the analysis of an order parameter, entropy production, bond dynamics, and interparticle forces, we unravel the underlying mechanisms driving these advancements. We also validated our key findings by simulating a larger system of $100$ patchy particles. Our comprehensive results not only shed light on the impact of external stimuli on self-assembly processes but also open a promising pathway for expanding the application by leveraging patchy particles for novel nanostructures.
description: 74 pages and 21 figures
Fabrication Of Economical Signal Amplified Vibrating Sample Magnetometer With Spiral Designed Detector
Creators: name: Dash, Aditya
name: Sarkar, Rabindra
name: Mathew, Abel
name: Vishwakarma, Prakash Nath
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The design and fabrication of a cost-effective vibrating sample magnetometer are explained. Improvement in the detected signal can be obtained using an operational amplifier circuit. The fabricated spiral detection coil design enhances the induced voltage obtained as shielding flux is reduced. A homemade setup is obtained by taking a woofer as an actuator and plexiglass as the vibrating medium. Lock-in amplifier analyzed the booster enhanced induced voltage signal by the principle of phase detection. Study of amplified and non amplified signals from the Nickel (99% purity) sample was done. Conversion of induced voltage to magnetization was done by calibration incorporating the coercivity and retentivity measurement. Magnetic oxide can be analyzed using this cost-effective designed Vibrating sample magnetometer. The data obtained from the VSM can conclude the successful operation of the designed magnetometer.
Topological transition from nodal to nodeless Zeeman splitting in altermagnets
Creators: name: Fernandes, Rafael M.
name: de Carvalho, Vanuildo S.
name: Birol, Turan
name: Pereira, Rodrigo G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In an altermagnet, the symmetry that relates configurations with flipped magnetic moments is a rotation. This makes it qualitatively different from a ferromagnet, where no such symmetry exists, or a collinear antiferromagnet, where this symmetry is a lattice translation. In this paper, we investigate the impact of the crystalline environment, enabled by the spin-orbit coupling, on the magnetic and electronic properties of an altermagnet. We find that, because each component of the magnetization acquires its own angular dependence, the Zeeman splitting of the bands has symmetry-protected nodal lines residing on mirror planes of the crystal. Upon crossing the Fermi surface, these nodal lines give rise to pinch points that behave as single or double type-II Weyl nodes. We show that an external magnetic field perpendicular to these mirror planes can only move the nodal lines, such that a critical field value is necessary to collapse the nodes and make the Weyl pinch points annihilate. This unveils the topological nature of the transition from a nodal to a nodeless Zeeman splitting of the bands. We also classify the altermagnetic states of common crystallographic point groups in the presence of spin-orbit coupling, revealing that a broad family of magnetic orthorhombic perovskites can realize altermagnetism.
description: revised manuscript accepted for publication as an Editors' Suggestion in PRB
Josephson effect in an atomic Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov superfluid
Creators: name: Hu, Hui
name: Liu, Xia-Ji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study theoretically two spatially separate quasi-one-dimensional atomic Fermi gases in a double-well trap. By tuning independently their spin polarizations, a Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov (FFLO) superfluid or a Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) superfluid may be formed in each well. We seek the possibility of creating a spatially tunable atomic Josephson junction between two superfluids, which is supposed to be realizable via building a weak link at given positions of the double-well barrier. We show that within mean-field theory the maximum Josephson current is proportional to the order parameter in two wells. Thus, the spatial inhomogeneity of the FFLO order parameter in one well may be directly revealed through the current measurement with the position-tunable link. We anticipate that this type of Josephson measurements can provide a useful evidence for the existence of exotic FFLO superfluids. Possible experimental realizations of the Josephson measurements in atomic Fermi gases are discussed.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures; title changed and extended discussions on the experimental proposal; accepted in Physical Review A
Review of Power Corrections in DIS
Creators: name: Kluge, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An overview is given of analyses in DIS at HERA which confront the predictions of power corrections with measured data. These include mean values and distributions of 2-jet as well as 3-jet event shape variables and jet rates.
description: 16 pages, 15 figures, contribution to FRIF workshop on first principles non-perturbative QCD of hadron jets (Jan 2006)
Signatures of a Quantum Critical Endpoint in the Kitaev Candidate Na$_2$Co$_2$TeO$_6$
Creators: name: Arneth, J.
name: Choi, K. -Y.
name: Kalaivanan, R.
name: Sankar, R.
name: Klingeler, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The putative Kitaev material Na$_2$Co$_2$TeO$_6$ has recently been proposed to enter a quantum spin disordered state when magnetic fields are applied in parallel to the honeycomb layers. In this report we uncover signatures of a quantum critical endpoint (QCEP) associated with the assumed order-disorder transition by means of high-resolution capacitance dilatometry. At the critical field $B_\mathrm{C} \simeq 6$~T , a sign change of the out-of-plane thermal expansion coefficient $α_c$ indicates accumulation of entropy upon crossing the phase boundary. The proportional relationship between isothermal magnetisation and magnetostriction signals that the QCEP can be tuned by magnetic field and pressure simultaneously. The presented results expand the material classes that exhibit metamagnetic quantum criticality to honeycomb antiferromagnets with possible Kitaev interactions.
description: 20 pages, 13 figures, submitted to PRB
Exploring new dimensions of trade
Creators: name: Edwards, Myles Alexander
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: By extending the study of international trade to include cultural factors, this paper demonstrates that culture has a direct impact on Canadian and US bilateral trade flows with the world. Various cultural factors of Canadian and US's trading partners were examined through a gravity model to determine their impact on 1990 trade flows. The gravity model explains trade between two countries in terms of the economic size of the trading partners and the distance between them. The following cultural factors were added to this base gravity model to test their explanatory power: the stock of immigrants from the trading partner in Canada, whether the trading partner has English or French as a principal language, and each of four cultural dimensions as they were described by Geert Hofstede in his study of national differences in work related values. This study has established that culture does have a significant impact on Canadian and US trade. Inirnigration, English, Hofstede's Individualism/Collectivism, and Hofstede's Uncertainty Avoidance were each found to have significant regression coefficients. Countries with immigrants in Canada trade more with Canada, and English-speaking countries trade more with both Canada and the US. Individualism / Collectivism measures how members of a society relate to one another. It appears that collectivist societies trade more with Canada and the US. Uncertainty Avoidance measures how a society and its members deal with risk and it appears that countries with lower Uncertainty Avoidance ratings (i.e. less risk averse), trade more with Canada and the US. For the business person trying to compete internationally, cultural factors have been a concern for many years. However, this study suggests a prioritization of the cultural determinants of trade. With a greater understanding of the mechanisms through which culture impacts trade, managers can be more effective in the global marketplace.
Upgraded GMRT observations of the Coma cluster of galaxies: The observations
Creators: name: Lal, Dharam V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have used the upgraded Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope to map the Coma cluster of galaxies at 250-500 MHz and 1050-1450 MHz bands. These 6.26 arcsec and 2.18 arcsec resolutions observations allow detailed radio structures to be determined of all detected radio sources that show both discrete pointlike and extended morphologies. We present images of a subset of 32 brightest (flux density >= 30 mJy) and dominant sources, and several sources show discrete pointlike radio morphologies. We find the steepening of the spectra consistent with synchrotron cooling in the majority of sources and the median for spectral indices is -0.78, suggesting that ~59% sources have steep spectra. The nature and the statistical properties of the radio sources in the Coma cluster will be discussed in subsequent papers.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures and 3 tables. Figures 1 and 6 are of low quality and Table 3 is in Long form in the ApJSS. Dedicated to the memory of Late Prof. Govind Swarup
Coupling of Electronic and Motional Dynamics in a Cold Atom Optical Lattice
Creators: name: Zoubi, Hashem
name: Ritsch, Helmut
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the coupling of internal electronic excitations to vibrational modes of the external motion of ultracold atoms in an optical lattice. For different ground and excited state potentials the on-site coupling of excitations and vibrations term renormalizes the effective electronic transition energy, which appears e.g. in clock transitions. In addition in the Mott state with filling factor one, the dipole-dipole coupling between neighbouring sites includes emission and absorption of vibrational quanta. Such processes create a significant mechanism for excitation of vibrations leading to motional heating of the lattice atoms by resonant light interaction. We calculate estimates of the corresponding parameters from a perturbation expansion in small atomic displacements.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures
A Meta-learning based Stacked Regression Approach for Customer Lifetime Value Prediction
Creators: name: Gadgil, Karan
name: Gill, Sukhpal Singh
name: Abdelmoniem, Ahmed M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Companies across the globe are keen on targeting potential high-value customers in an attempt to expand revenue and this could be achieved only by understanding the customers more. Customer Lifetime Value (CLV) is the total monetary value of transactions/purchases made by a customer with the business over an intended period of time and is used as means to estimate future customer interactions. CLV finds application in a number of distinct business domains such as Banking, Insurance, Online-entertainment, Gaming, and E-Commerce. The existing distribution-based and basic (recency, frequency & monetary) based models face a limitation in terms of handling a wide variety of input features. Moreover, the more advanced Deep learning approaches could be superfluous and add an undesirable element of complexity in certain application areas. We, therefore, propose a system which is able to qualify both as effective, and comprehensive yet simple and interpretable. With that in mind, we develop a meta-learning-based stacked regression model which combines the predictions from bagging and boosting models that each is found to perform well individually. Empirical tests have been carried out on an openly available Online Retail dataset to evaluate various models and show the efficacy of the proposed approach.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures
Classical Limits of Unbounded Quantities by Strict Quantization
Creators: name: Browning, Thomas L.
name: Feintzeig, Benjamin H.
name: Gates-Redburg, Robin
name: Librande, Jonah
name: Soiffer, Rory
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper extends the tools of C*-algebraic strict quantization toward analyzing the classical limits of unbounded quantities in quantum theories. We introduce the approach first in the simple case of finite systems. Then we apply this approach to analyze the classical limits of unbounded quantities in bosonic quantum field theories with particular attention to number operators and Hamiltonians. The methods take classical limits in a representation-independent manner and so allow one to compare quantities appearing in inequivalent Fock space representations.
The dual-use dilemma : lessons from nuclear science
Creators: name: Evans, Nicholas G
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Research Moral and ethical aspects
subject: Academic freedom
subject: Science Social aspects
subject: Bioterrorism Prevention
subject: Censorship

description: The subject of this dissertation is the dual-use dilemma, which arises in the context of research in the life and other sciences as a consequence of the fact that one and the same piece of scientific research has the potential to be used for harm as well as for good. In the life sciences, this dilemma is often characterised by the capacity for emerging research and technology to be used to greatly improve our health, wealth, and overall well-being, while at the same time bringing with it the capability to enable acts of bioterrorism. Within the regulatory debate about dual-use research, the possibility of the censorship of dual-use research that poses a significant misuse has been downplayed. Censorship is rejected for three reasons: censorship violates an individual's right to freedom of speech, it is antithetical to scientific freedom, and censorship is almost impossible to utilise in a morally upstanding fashion when put into practice. This neglect is further compounded by lack of interest and exploration of the paradigmatic instance of a field defined both by its dual-use nature and its use of censorship-the nuclear sciences. This dissertation aims to provide an ethical analysis of the permissibility of censorship of dual-use research utilising lessons from the nuclear sciences. After an outlining my project and its scope in chapter one, I introduce the topic of dual-use, and the neglect of the nuclear sciences in the current debate in the life sciences in chapter two. I then examine what we mean when we say we have censored something in chapter three, and give a taxonomy censorship. I then discuss the three central objections to censorship utilising, among others, historical cases from the nuclear sciences. In chapter four, I argue that the right to freedom of speech may be outweighed by competing moral considerations, and provide a framework for making decisions about censorship: an "ethics of urgency." In chapter five, I examine the moral weight of appeals to scientific freedom, and argue that at times the weight of this freedom is not enough to resist censorship. In chapter six I discuss two pragmatic issues that might affect the permissibility of censorship as a practice: corruption and subversion. I argue that corruption does not provide a reason to discount censorship entirely, but that subversion might make censorship impossible to implement as an effective regulatory strategy. I then conclude, in chapter seven, with a discussion of the implications of this work for future research.