cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Angular Momentum Loss Due to Tidal Effects in the Post-Minkowskian Expansion
Creators: name: Heissenberg, Carlo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the tidal corrections to the loss of angular momentum in a two-body collision at leading Post-Minkowskian order from an amplitude-based approach. The eikonal operator allows us to efficiently combine elastic and inelastic amplitudes, and captures both the contributions due to genuine gravitational-wave emissions and those due to the static gravitational field. We calculate the former by harnessing powerful collider-physics techniques such as reverse-unitarity, thereby reducing them to cut two-loop integrals, and validate the result with an independent calculation in the Post-Newtonian limit. For the latter, we can employ the results of arXiv:2203.11915 where static-field effects were calculated for generic gravitational scattering events using the leading soft graviton theorem.
description: 6 pages + references, published in Physical Review Letters
A new dynamical mechanism of incomplete fusion in heavy-ion collision
Creators: name: Nasirov, A. K.
name: Kayumov, B. M.
name: Ganiev, O. K.
name: Yuldasheva, G. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The incomplete fusion has been proved as the formation and emission of the $α$ particle by the increase in the rotational energy of the very mass-asymmetric dinuclear system. The results of the dinuclear system model have confirmed that the incomplete fusion in heavy-ion collisions occurs at a large orbital angular momentum ($L > 30 \hbar$) due to the strong increase of the intrinsic fusion barrier.
description: 6 pages, 11 figures
A Double Machine Learning Trend Model for Citizen Science Data
Creators: name: Fink, Daniel
name: Johnston, Alison
name: Strimas-Mackey, Matt
name: Auer, Tom
name: Hochachka, Wesley M.
name: Ligocki, Shawn
name: Jaromczyk, Lauren Oldham
name: Robinson, Orin
name: Wood, Chris
name: Kelling, Steve
name: Rodewald, Amanda D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: 1. Citizen and community-science (CS) datasets have great potential for estimating interannual patterns of population change given the large volumes of data collected globally every year. Yet, the flexible protocols that enable many CS projects to collect large volumes of data typically lack the structure necessary to keep consistent sampling across years. This leads to interannual confounding, as changes to the observation process over time are confounded with changes in species population sizes. 2. Here we describe a novel modeling approach designed to estimate species population trends while controlling for the interannual confounding common in citizen science data. The approach is based on Double Machine Learning, a statistical framework that uses machine learning methods to estimate population change and the propensity scores used to adjust for confounding discovered in the data. Additionally, we develop a simulation method to identify and adjust for residual confounding missed by the propensity scores. Using this new method, we can produce spatially detailed trend estimates from citizen science data. 3. To illustrate the approach, we estimated species trends using data from the CS project eBird. We used a simulation study to assess the ability of the method to estimate spatially varying trends in the face of real-world confounding. Results showed that the trend estimates distinguished between spatially constant and spatially varying trends at a 27km resolution. There were low error rates on the estimated direction of population change (increasing/decreasing) and high correlations on the estimated magnitude. 4. The ability to estimate spatially explicit trends while accounting for confounding in citizen science data has the potential to fill important information gaps, helping to estimate population trends for species, regions, or seasons without rigorous monitoring data.
description: 28 pages, 6 figures
Autocatalysis of Graviton Production via the Gertsenshtein Effect for the Yang-Mills Field
Creators: name: Palessandro, Andrea
name: Rothman, Tony
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As shown by Gertsenshtein in 1961, an external magnetic field can couple electromagnetic to gravitational waves, giving rise to oscillations between them. Viewed as a quantum process, the magnetic field has catalyzed the mixing of photon and graviton states. We show that the self-interaction terms of the Yang-Mills SU(2) field can take the place of the external magnetic field and autocatalyze the mixing of Yang-Mills bosons and gravitons. In the process, rotational symmetry is broken and the Yang-Mills boson acquires a mass.
description: 11 pages, no figures. V2: Largely as version one. Units changed to conform to previous paper. Results unchanged but a few lines regarding relationship to Higgs mechanism and neutrino oscillations rewritten. V3: Ansatz slightly modified. Four-current introduced to satisfy constraint equations. Results unchanged. Version accepted for publication in PDU
title: Pneumocephalus: Beyond its traumatic cause
Creators: name: Cuellar, Diana
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: CT
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: Education and training

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: - To review the different causes of pneumoencephalus, including traumatic and non-traumatic pathologies. -To know some of the less common non-traumatic causes and their association with other pathologies and underlying...
title: Benign Adnexal Masses
Creators: name: Garrido, Diogo
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Genital / Reproductive system female
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Education
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Pathology
subject: Tissue characterisation
subject: Neoplasia

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: Recognizing features and findings of benign adnexal masses on multiple imaging modalities, enabling their diagnosis when possible or narrowing their differential, and allowing for a more focused clinical...
Diversity dilemmas: uncovering gender and nationality biases in graduate admissions across top North American computer science programs
Creators: name: Kalhor, Ghazal
name: Zeraati, Tanin
name: Bahrak, Behnam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Although different organizations have defined policies towards diversity in academia, many argue that minorities are still disadvantaged in university admissions due to biases. Extensive research has been conducted on detecting partiality patterns in the academic community. However, in the last few decades, limited research has focused on assessing gender and nationality biases in graduate admission results of universities. In this study, we collected a novel and comprehensive dataset containing information on approximately 14,000 graduate students majoring in computer science (CS) at the top 25 North American universities. We used statistical hypothesis tests to determine whether there is a preference for students' gender and nationality in the admission processes. In addition to partiality patterns, we discuss the relationship between gender/nationality diversity and the scientific achievements of research teams. Consistent with previous studies, our findings show that there is no gender bias in the admission of graduate students to research groups, but we observed bias based on students' nationality.
An innovative cycle-based learning approach to teaching with analog sandbox models
Creators: name: Rowan, Christopher J.
name: Mulvey, Bridget K.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Scaled analog modeling (“sandbox modeling”) allows deformational processes, such as the development of a mountain belt, to be observed in real time in a classroom setting. However, the actual learning gains from exposure to sandbox modeling in geology courses in higher education settings have not been explicitly studied. We begin to investigate the possible effects of incorporating a sandbox modeling activity on geologic understanding in an upper-level tectonics class. The designed activity utilized a cycle-based learning approach, where the 11 participating students predicted outcomes of different deformation experiments and then evaluated and revised their predictions in the light of their experimental observations. Scored predictive sketches and a spatial visualization test administered before and after the sandbox activity demonstrate improvements in geological understanding of deformation, the influence of different mechanical properties on deformation style, and penetrative thinking skill. The observed gains were particularly marked for students who had poorly developed penetrative thinking skills prior to the activity. These results indicate that the use of sandbox models in the classroom may have a measurable effect on penetrative thinking skills and geologic understanding, particularly in students with less expertise. However, further study is required to test if these effects can be reproduced, and shown to be statistically significant, in larger groups of students.
Inflaton decay and reheating in nonminimal derivative coupling
Creators: name: Myung, Yun Soo
name: Moon, Taeyoon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the inflaton decay and reheating period after the end of inflation in the non-minimal derivative coupling (NDC) model with chaotic potential. In general, this model is known to provide an enhanced slow-roll inflation caused by gravitationally enhanced friction. We find violent oscillations of Hubble parameter which induces oscillations of the sound speed squared, implying the Lagrangian instability of curvature perturbation $ζ$ under the comoving gauge $φ=0$. Also, it is shown that the curvature perturbation blows up at $\dotϕ=0$, leading to the breakdown of the comoving gauge at $\dotϕ=0$. Therefore, we use the Newtonian gauge to perform the perturbation analysis where the Newtonian potential is employed as a physical variable. The curvature perturbation is not considered as a physical variable which describes a relevant perturbation during reheating.
description: 1+18 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication in JCAP
title: Testicular Adrenal Rests Tumors: Imaging Appearance and Differential Diagnosis
Creators: name: Chammas, Maria Cristina
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Congenital
subject: Normal variants
subject: Imaging sequences
subject: Ultrasound
subject: MR
subject: Genital / Reproductive system male

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: The purpose of this educational exhibit is to: 1- Review the embryological development of the male gonad and the adrenal gland; 2- Discussthe most common findings at US and MR imaging that can help to establish an accurate diagnosis; 3- Report our...
Efficient Graph Field Integrators Meet Point Clouds
Creators: name: Choromanski, Krzysztof
name: Sehanobish, Arijit
name: Lin, Han
name: Zhao, Yunfan
name: Berger, Eli
name: Parshakova, Tetiana
name: Pan, Alvin
name: Watkins, David
name: Zhang, Tianyi
name: Likhosherstov, Valerii
name: Chowdhury, Somnath Basu Roy
name: Dubey, Avinava
name: Jain, Deepali
name: Sarlos, Tamas
name: Chaturvedi, Snigdha
name: Weller, Adrian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present two new classes of algorithms for efficient field integration on graphs encoding point clouds. The first class, SeparatorFactorization(SF), leverages the bounded genus of point cloud mesh graphs, while the second class, RFDiffusion(RFD), uses popular epsilon-nearest-neighbor graph representations for point clouds. Both can be viewed as providing the functionality of Fast Multipole Methods (FMMs), which have had a tremendous impact on efficient integration, but for non-Euclidean spaces. We focus on geometries induced by distributions of walk lengths between points (e.g., shortest-path distance). We provide an extensive theoretical analysis of our algorithms, obtaining new results in structural graph theory as a byproduct. We also perform exhaustive empirical evaluation, including on-surface interpolation for rigid and deformable objects (particularly for mesh-dynamics modeling), Wasserstein distance computations for point clouds, and the Gromov-Wasserstein variant.
title: Smartphone applications for radiologists
Creators: name: Pyatigorskaya, Nadya
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computer applications
subject: Anatomy
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: Computer Applications-General
subject: eLearning
subject: Education
subject: Education and training

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: Being able to find, install, and run mobile applications on an iOS/Android device Being awareofusingsmartphone applications in the radiologist's day-to-day activity Usinga smartphone/tabletfor assisting duringparticipationina congress, efficient...
Cyclotomic conjecture and semi-simplicity of S-split T-ramified Iwasawa modules
Creators: name: Jaulent, Jean-François
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We show that the cyclotomic conjecture on the characteristic polynomial of T-ramified S-split Iwasawa modules introduced in a previous paper and satisfied by abelian fields governs the Z${\ell}$-rank of the submodule of fixed points for all finite disjoint sets S and T of places.Last, in the CM-case we prove that the weak and the strong versions of the cyclotomic conjecture both are equivalent to the conjunction of the classical conjectures of Leopoldt and Gross-Kuz'min.
description: in French language
title: Sicle-cell disease and silent cerebral infarcts evaluated with magnetic resonance imaging
Creators: name: Solomou, Ekaterini
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: MR
subject: Screening
subject: Haematologic diseases

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To correlate the extent of silent cerebral infarcts (SCIs) on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with the clinical severity of sickle cell disease...
title: Language assessment in multilingual settings
title: Innovative practices across formal and informal environments
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Rodríguez González, Eva (Ed.)
name: Rivera, Rosita L. (Ed.)
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: inclusive practices
subject: language assessments
subject: 400 Sprache::410 Linguistik::410 Linguistik

description: Synopsis: This volume explores and addresses questions related to equitable access for assessment. It seeks to initiate a conversation among scholars about inclusive practices in language assessments. Whether the student is a second language learner, a heritage language learner, a multilingual language speaker, a community member, the authors in the present volume provide examples of assessment that do not follow a single universal or standardized design but an applicable one based on the needs and context of a given community. The contributors in this volume are scholars from different disciplines and contexts in Higher Education. They have created and proposed multiple lower-stakes assignments and accommodated learning by being flexible and open without assuming that learners know how to do specific tasks. Each chapter provides different examples on Justice, Equity, Diversity, and Inclusion (JEDI) assessment practices based on observation, examination, and integrative notions of diverse language scenarios. It may be of interest to researchers and practitioners in the fields of curriculum and instruction, language learning, and applied linguistics as well as those in the field of language teaching in general. Thus this volume broadens the scope of research in the area of multilingual assessment.
Investigating the effect of circuit cutting in QAOA for the MaxCut problem on NISQ devices
Creators: name: Bechtold, Marvin
name: Barzen, Johanna
name: Leymann, Frank
name: Mandl, Alexander
name: Obst, Julian
name: Truger, Felix
name: Weder, Benjamin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) devices are restricted by their limited number of qubits and their short decoherence times. An approach addressing these problems is quantum circuit cutting. It decomposes the execution of a large quantum circuit into the execution of multiple smaller quantum circuits with additional classical postprocessing. Since these smaller quantum circuits require fewer qubits and gates, they are more suitable for NISQ devices. To investigate the effect of quantum circuit cutting in a quantum algorithm targeting NISQ devices, we design two experiments using the Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) for the Maximum Cut (MaxCut) problem and conduct them on state-of-the-art superconducting devices. Our first experiment studies the influence of circuit cutting on the objective function of QAOA, and the second evaluates the quality of results obtained by the whole algorithm with circuit cutting. The results show that circuit cutting can reduce the effects of noise in QAOA, and therefore, the algorithm yields better solutions on NISQ devices.
title: Multimodality imaging of the parathyroid adenoma
Creators: name: Liddy, Stephen
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Head and neck
subject: Nuclear medicine
subject: Thyroid / Parathyroids
subject: Ultrasound
subject: SPECT-CT
subject: CT
subject: History
subject: Dosimetric comparison
subject: Endocrine disorders
subject: Neoplasia

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: 1. To review the advantages and limitations of ultrasound, 99m Tc-sestamibi scintigraphy and 4-dimensional computed tomography in the imaging of the parathyroid adenoma. 2. To illustrate the typical appearances of a parathyroid adenoma on...
A quasi-conserved particle Monte Carlo model of surface evolution with semi-empirical sputter yield modulated erosion: 1 keV Ar$^+$ sputtering of Si
Creators: name: Oyewande, Emmanuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a new Monte Carlo model based on a semi-empirical sputter yield parameter in ion-solid energetic collisions. This model circumvents the complexity of the existing statistical, classical and continuum models, most of which are difficult to relate to real experimental parameters, by its semi-empirical nature of direct reliance on the experimental values of the sputter yield. Constrained by this crucial experimental factor, the model then addresses the multidimensional nature of other accompanying physical processes stochastically; thus reducing the complexity of their computation. This model exhibits the experimentally observed features of solid surfaces that evolve under continuous particle irradiation and allows for a way to study the effect of the different mechanisms of the surface morphology and the nature of their interplay in the dynamics of the surface evolution. Our study of the average surface height reveals that it is constant when eroded particles are redeposited but varies linearly with simulation time, when eroded particles are not redeposited. Our studies also show that the roughening process is not significantly affected by re-deposition of eroded material.
description: Invited paper; to appear in the maiden issue of the new journal of The Nigerian Association for Mathematical Physics
title: The relationship between drug intoxication death and high-attenuation upper gastrointestinal tract contents on postmortem computed tomography.
Creators: name: Usui, Akihito
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Forensic / Necropsy studies
subject: Stomach (incl. Oesophagus)
subject: CT
subject: Medico-legal issues
subject: Forensics

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: The objective of this study is to investigate the relationship between the intoxication death cases and the utility of postmortem computed tomography (CT) in detecting drug intoxications. It is difficult to diagnose the chemical cause of death, such...
Η διαχείριση της αλλαγής και της καινοτομίας εντός της σχολικής μονάδας
Creators: name: Μελισσού, Βαλεντίνα
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Πειραιώς
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Αλλαγή
subject: Ηγέτης
subject: Σχολείο
subject: Αντίσταση
subject: Διαχείριση αλλαγής
subject: Μοντέλο ηγεσίας

description: Στην παρούσα μελέτη πραγματοποιήθηκε μία διερεύνηση στην ελληνική αλλά και την ξένη βιβλιογραφία αναφορικά με τις έννοιες της αλλαγής, της κουλτούρας, τους λόγους που μπορεί να συμβάλλουν, ώστε να δημιουργηθεί η ανάγκη για αλλαγή, τα συναισθήματα που μπορεί να προκαλέσει στα άτομα που απαρτίζουν έναν οργανισμό ή μία επιχείρηση, την ανεύρεση των αρμόδιων που χρειάζεται να διαχειριστούν αυτή την κατάσταση και της διαδικασίας μέσα από την οποία μπορεί να επιτευχθεί αυτό. Επιπλέον, αναλύθηκε η διαδικασία αλλαγής εντός μίας σχολικής μονάδας και σαν τελικός στόχος ήταν η ανεύρεση εκείνου που έχει την ικανότητα συμβολής ώστε η αλλαγή να γίνει αποδεκτή από το σύνολο. Αναφέρεται το πως η αλλαγή επηρεάζεται σημαντικά από την κουλτούρα που διέπει τη σχολική μονάδα και ο διευθυντής στο ρόλο του μετασχηματιστικού ηγέτη, είναι εκείνος που θα βοηθήσει περισσότερο τη διαδικασία πραγματοποίησης μίας αλλαγής. Τέλος, πραγματοποιήθηκε έρευνα σε εκπαιδευτικούς που συμμετέχουν στην ομάδα του Προγράμματος Μεταπτυχιακών Σπουδών, σε σχολεία της Αττικής και ειδικότερα σε δημοτικά και νηπιαγωγεία καθώς και σε μέλη του διευθυντικού προσωπικού των σχολικών μονάδων της περιοχής Αθήνας, Βύρωνα, Αιγάλεω, Νίκαιας, Κορυδαλλού και Περιστερίου με πληθυσμό αναφοράς στα 100 άτομα για το 2021-2022, ενώ στόχος της έρευνας ήταν αρχικά να κατανοηθούν ποιες αλλαγές και καινοτομίες συμβαίνουν στις σχολικές μονάδες σήμερα. Επιπλέον, με ποιο τρόπο μπορούν οι αλλαγές να ενσωματωθούν στη λειτουργία του σχολείου και πώς αυτές αντιμετωπίζονται από τους εκπαιδευτικούς και τους μαθητές. Και τέλος, ποιο ρόλο διαδραματίζει ο διευθυντής-ηγέτης στο να ενσωματωθούν οι αλλαγές αυτές.
Kepler's Supernova: An Overluminous Type Ia Event Interacting with a Massive Circumstellar Medium at a Very Late Phase
Creators: name: Katsuda, Satoru
name: Mori, Koji
name: Maeda, Keiichi
name: Tanaka, Masaomi
name: Koyama, Katsuji
name: Tsunemi, Hiroshi
name: Nakajima, Hiroshi
name: Maeda, Yoshitomo
name: Ozaki, Masanobu
name: Petre, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have analyzed XMM-Newton, Chandra, and Suzaku observations of Kepler's supernova remnant (SNR) to investigate the properties of both the SN ejecta and the circumstellar medium (CSM). For comparison, we have also analyzed two similarly-aged, ejecta-dominated SNRs: Tycho's SNR, thought to be the remnant of a typical Type Ia SN, and SNR 0509-67.5 in the Large Magellanic Cloud, thought to be the remnant of an overluminous Type Ia SN. By simply comparing the X-ray spectra, we find that line intensity ratios of iron-group elements (IGE) to intermediate-mass elements (IME) for Kepler's SNR and SNR 0509-67.5 are much higher than those for Tycho's SNR. We therefore argue that Kepler is the product of an overluminous Type Ia SN. This inference is supported by our spectral modeling, which reveals the IGE and IME masses respectively to be ~0.95 M_sun and ~0.12 M_sun (Kepler's SNR), ~0.75 M_sun and ~0.34 M_sun (SNR 0509-67.5), and ~0.35 M_sun and ~0.70 M_sun (Tycho's SNR). We find that the CSM component in Kepler's SNR consists of tenuous diffuse gas (~0.3 M_sun) present throughout the entire remnant, plus dense knots (~0.035 M_sun). Both of these components have an elevated N abundance (N/H ~ 4 times the solar value), suggesting that they originate from CNO-processed material from the progenitor system. The mass of the diffuse CSM allows us to infer the pre-SN mass-loss rate to be ~1.5e-5 (V_w/10 km/s) M_sun/yr, in general agreement with results from recent hydrodynamical simulations. Since the dense knots have slow proper motions and relatively small ionization timescales, they were likely located a few pc away from the progenitor system. Therefore, we argue that Kepler's SN was an overluminous event that started to interact with massive CSM a few hundred years after the explosion. This supports the possible link between overluminous SNe and the so-called "Ia-CSM" SNe.
description: 36 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal
Measurement of the matter-radiation equality scale using the extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey Quasar Sample
Creators: name: Bahr-Kalus, Benedict
name: Parkinson, David
name: Mueller, Eva-Maria
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The position of the peak of the matter power spectrum, the so-called turnover scale, is set by the horizon size at the epoch of matter-radiation equality. It can easily be predicted in terms of the physics of the Universe in the relativistic era, and so can be used as a standard ruler, independent of other features present in the matter power spectrum, such as baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO). We use the distribution of quasars measured by the extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (eBOSS) to determine the turnover scale in a model-independent fashion statistically. We avoid modelling the BAO by down-weighting affected scales in the covariance matrix using the mode deprojection technique. We measure the wavenumber of the peak to be $k_\mathrm{TO} = \left( 17.6^{+1.9}_{-1.8} \right) \times 10^{-3}h/\mathrm{Mpc}$, corresponding to a dilation scale of $ D_\mathrm{V}(z_\mathrm{eff} = 1.48) = \left({36.2^{+4.1}_{-4.4}}\right)r_\mathrm{H}$. This is not competitive with current BAO distance measures in terms of determining the expansion history but does provide a useful cross-check. We combine this measurement with low-redshift distance measurements from type-Ia supernova data from Pantheon and BAO data from eBOSS to make a sound-horizon free estimate of the Hubble-Lemaître parameter and find it to be $H_0=\left({74.7\pm 9.6}\right) \ \mathrm{km/s/Mpc}$ with Pantheon, and $H_0=\left({72.9^{+10.0}_{-8.6}}\right) \ \mathrm{km/s/Mpc}$ with eBOSS BAO. We make predictions for the measurement of the turnover scale by the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) survey, the Maunakea Spectroscopic Explorer (MSE) and MegaMapper, which will make more precise and accurate distance determinations.
description: 14 pages, 13 figures, includes erratum past equation (24) published by MNRAS (DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stad3000)
Resonant electron scattering by graphene antidot
Creators: name: Zagorodnev, I. V.
name: Devizorova, Zh. A.
name: Enaldiev, V. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The edge states which were observed on a linear edge of graphene may also persist on a curved edge. We calculate the elastic transport scattering cross section on a graphene nanohole supporting the edge states. Resonant peaks in the gate voltage dependence of conductivity of graphene with such nanoholes are obtained. Position and height of the resonances are determined by the localization depth of the quasibound edge states, and width -- by their lifetime. The scattering amplitude near the resonant energies has a strong valley asymmetry. We evaluate the effect of moderate edge rippling, inhomogeneity of boundary parameter along the edge, and Coulomb effects (charged nanohole) on the edge states and show that they do not affect the presence of the resonances, but can substantially influence their position, height and width. The local density of states near the nanohole also demonstrates a resonant dependence on gate voltage.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures
Search for high-mass exclusive $γγ$ $\to$ WW and $γγ$ $\to$ ZZ production in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV
Creators: name: CMS Collaboration
name: TOTEM Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A search is performed for exclusive high-mass $γγ$ $\to$ WW and $γγ$ $\to$ ZZ production in proton-proton collisions using intact forward protons reconstructed in near-beam detectors, with both weak bosons decaying into boosted and merged jets. The analysis is based on a sample of proton-proton collisions collected by the CMS and TOTEM experiments at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 100 fb$^{-1}$. No excess above the standard model background prediction is observed, and upper limits are set on the pp $\to$ pWWp and pp $\to$ pZZp cross sections in a fiducial region defined by the diboson invariant mass $m$(VV) $\lt$ 1 TeV (with V = W, Z) and proton fractional momentum loss 0.04 $\lt$ $ξ$ $\lt$ 0.20. The results are interpreted as new limits on dimension-6 and dimension-8 anomalous quartic gauge couplings.
description: Replaced with the published version. Added the journal reference and the DOI. All the figures and tables can be found at http://cms-results.web.cern.ch/cms-results/public-results/publications/SMP-21-014 (CMS Public Pages)
title: Απειλές ασφαλείας για εφαρμογές απομακρυσμένης σύνδεσης
title: Security threats for remote connection applications
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Καπαρέλος, Λυκούργος
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Πειραιώς
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: RDP
subject: Κυβερνοχώρος
subject: Ιστός
subject: Διαδίκτυο
subject: Ασφάλεια
subject: Συσκευές
subject: Cloud
subject: Βάσεις δεδομένων
subject: Δίκτυα
subject: Εφαρμογές
subject: Κώδικας
subject: Στόχος
subject: Ransomware
subject: Remote desktop protocol
subject: Cyberspace
subject: Web
subject: Internet
subject: Security
subject: Devices
subject: Databases
subject: Networks
subject: Applications
subject: Code
subject: Target

description: Στην παρούσα μεταπτυχιακή διατριβή γίνεται αναφορά των πρωτόκολλων που μπορούν να χρησιμοποιηθούν για απομακρυσμένη πρόσβαση σε υπολογιστικά συστήματα. Συγκεκριμένα, γίνεται εκτενής αναφορά της λειτουργία του πρωτόκολλου RDP (Remote desktop protocol) και πώς αυτό θα μπορούσε από συμβατική λύση απομακρυσμένης σύνδεση να μετατραπεί σε πρωτόκολλο για επιτήδειες ενέργειες. Στο κύριο θεωρητικό μέρος της διατριβής, γίνονται αναφορές διείσδυσης για κακόβουλη χρήση του πρωτόκολλου RDP, εφαρμογές που συμβάλουν στην απομακρυσμένη ασφάλεια καθώς και αναφορά στο πρακτικό μέρος της διατριβής για έλεγχο και εξαγωγή ευρημάτων με σκοπό την ανάλυση έπειτα από επίθεση μέσω εφαρμογών που χρησιμοποιούν RDP πρωτόκολλο. Τέλος, καταλήγουμε στα συμπεράσματα του πρακτικού κομματιού, σύνδεση με άλλες εφαρμογές και προτάσεις βελτίωσης των ελέγχων.
Search for scalar induced gravitational waves in the International Pulsar Timing Array Data Release 2 and NANOgrav 12.5 years datasets
Creators: name: Dandoy, Virgile
name: Domcke, Valerie
name: Rompineve, Fabrizio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform a Bayesian search in the latest Pulsar Timing Array (PTA) datasets for a stochastic gravitational wave (GW) background sourced by curvature perturbations at scales $10^5~\text{Mpc}^{-1}\lesssim k\lesssim 10^8~\text{Mpc}^{-1}$. These re-enter the Hubble horizon at temperatures around and below the QCD crossover phase transition in the early Universe. We include a stochastic background of astrophysical origin in our search and properly account for constraints on the curvature power spectrum from the overproduction of primordial black holes (PBHs). We find that the International PTA Data Release 2 significantly favors the astrophysical model for its reported common-spectrum process, over the curvature-induced background. On the other hand, the two interpretations fit the NANOgrav 12.5 years dataset equally well. We then set new upper limits on the amplitude of the curvature power spectrum at small scales. These are independent from, and competitive with, indirect astrophysical bounds from the abundance of PBH dark matter. Upcoming PTA data releases will provide the strongest probe of the curvature power spectrum around the QCD epoch.
description: 13+10 pages, 9 figures. v2: astro and LIGO constraints included in Fig. 3, refs added. v3: minor typos corrected, matches published version
Supplementary materials for "Growth, feeding and age of the inshore hagfish, Eptatretus burgeri"
Creators: name: Yamaguchi, Yoko
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 310907
subject: Animal physiological ecology
classificationCode: 310914
subject: Vertebrate biology

description: Supplementary materials for "Growth, feeding and age of the inshore hagfish, Eptatretus burgeri"
Dynamical instabilities and quasi-normal modes, a spectral analysis with applications to black-hole physics
Creators: name: Coutant, Antonin
name: Michel, Florent
name: Parentani, Renaud
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Black hole dynamical instabilities have been mostly studied in specific models. We here study the general properties of the complex-frequency modes responsible for such instabilities, guided by the example of a charged scalar field in an electrostatic potential. We show that these modes are square integrable, have a vanishing conserved norm, and appear in mode doublets or quartets. We also study how they appear in the spectrum and how their complex frequencies subsequently evolve when varying some external parameter. When working on an infinite domain, they appear from the reservoir of quasi-normal modes obeying outgoing boundary conditions. This is illustrated by generalizing, in a non-positive definite Krein space, a solvable model (Friedrichs model) which originally describes the appearance of a resonance when coupling an isolated system to a mode continuum. In a finite spatial domain instead, they arise from the fusion of two real frequency modes with opposite norms, through a process that closely resembles avoided crossing.
description: 31 pages, 13 figures. Small clarifications, title changed, matches published version
Comparing GRACE Follow-On Inter-Satellite Pointing Angles from Star Camera and LRI Fast Steering Mirror
Creators: name: Müller, Laura
Publisher: name: Hannover : Institutionelles Repositorium der Leibniz Universität Hannover
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: GRACE Follow-On
subject: GRACE-FO
subject: Laserinterferometry
subject: Laser Ranging Instrument
subject: LRI
subject: Fast Steering Mirror
subject: FSM
subject: LSM1B
subject: Star Tracker
subject: STR
subject: Star Camera
subject: SCA
subject: SCA1B
subject: Attitude Sensor
subject: IBA
subject: Inter Boresight Angle
subject: Confidence ID
subject: SCA1A
subject: Inter Satellite Pointing Angles
subject: Pointing Angles
subject: Roll
subject: Yaw
subject: Pitch
subject: Laserinterferometrie
subject: Laser Abstands Messung
subject: Kippspiegel
subject: Stern Kamera
subject: Sternsensor
subject: Ausrichtungswinkel
subject: Ausrichtungssensor
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften
subject: 621
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::550 | Geowissenschaften

description: The Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment Follow-On (GRACE-FO) mission is observing the time variable gravity field by measuring distance variations between two satellites. The first Laser Ranging Interferometer (LRI) between distant spacecraft uses a so-called Fast Steering Mirror (FSM) to satisfy the narrow LRI pointing requirements despite the larger spacecraft pointing variations. The position readout of these mirrors allow to compute the inter-satellite pointing angles yaw and pitch w.r.t. the line-of-sight connecting both satellites. The nominal pointing variations have a magnitude of a few 100 µrad. Typically, the attitude information of roll, pitch and yaw angles is derived from three star cameras and fibre optic gyroscopes. Since we are particularly interested in the characterization of the FSM at low-frequencies, we compare the FSM readout with star camera measurements for the time-span of December 2018 until December 2022. The residuals show temperature induced changes which are related to the varying orientation of the orbital plane and the sun, expressed through the angle β’. We will present our analysis that attempts to attribute and model the residuals. This analysis is of interest for future gravity missions, where the FSM could be implemented as an additional attitude sensor to control the satellite orientation.
Super hydrophobicity of sputtered PTFE films on nanotextured aluminum surface
Creators: name: Puenisara LIMNONTHAKUL
Publisher: name: Metallurgy and Materials Science Research Institute, Chulalongkorn University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Aluminum textures
Superhydrophobic
Polytetrafluoroethylene films

description: Journal of Metals, Materials and Minerals, 28, 1, 1-5
How to Increase Citizen Support to International Refugee Protection
Creators: name: Van Wolleghem, Pierre
name: Sicakkan, Hakan G
name: Cappelen, Cornelius
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Conflicts in the Middle East and massive Mediterranean Sea-crossings over the last decade have shed light on a greater need for international collaboration in asylum matters. Such a need was endorsed in the United Nations’ Global Compact on Refugees and in the European Union’s New Pact on Migration and Asylum. Public opinion is often thought to oppose further influx of people fleeing persecution, thus justifying the adoption of policies aimed at curbing asylum flows. However, our representative survey, conducted in 26 countries located in Europe, Central and North America, South Africa, brushes a different picture: public opinion overwhelmingly supports international collaboration on refugee protection and is willing to admit more asylum seekers.
The fade away effect of initial nonresponse bias in regression analysis
Creators: name: Alho, Juha
name: Rendtel, Ulrich
name: Khan, Mursala
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Regression Analysis
subject: Nonresponse Bias
subject: Panel Attrition
subject: Inverse Probability Weighting
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::330 Wirtschaft::330 Wirtschaft

description: High nonresponse rates have become a rule in survey sampling. In panel surveys there occur additional sample losses due to panel attrition, which are thought to worsen the bias resulting from initial nonresponse. However, under certain conditions an initial wave nonresponse bias may vanish in later panel waves. We study such a "Fade away" of an initial nonresponse bias in the context of regression analysis. By using a time series approach for the covariate and the error terms we derive the bias of cross-sectional OLS-estimates of the slope coefficient. In the case of no subsequent attrition and only serial correlation an initial bias converges to zero. If the nonresponse affects permanent components the initial bias will decrease to a limit which is determined by the size of the permanent components. Attrition is discussed here in a worst case scenario, where there is a steady selective drift into the same direction as in the initial panel wave. It is shown that the fade away effect dampens the attrition effect to a large extent depending on the temporal stability of the covariate and the dependent variable. The attrition effect may by further reduced by a weighted regression analysis, where the weights are estimated attrition probabilities on the basis of the lagged dependent variable. The results are discussed with respect to surveys with unsure selection procedures which are used in a longitudinal fashion, like access panels.
title: Radiological imaging in the diagnosis of granulomatous mastitis: the role of MRI
Creators: name: Öztekin , PELİN SEHER
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Abscess
subject: Abscess delineation
subject: Ultrasound
subject: MR
subject: Mammography
subject: Breast

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Granulomatous mastitis (GM) is an uncommon benign inflammatory condition of the breast. Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis, originally described by Kessler and Wolloch in 1972 (1), represents a sub-group of GM with unknown etiology. The remaining...
title: Grammatical theory
title: From transformational grammar to constraint-based approaches
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Müller, Stefan
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: formal grammar theories
subject: current linguistic theorizing
subject: 400 Sprache::410 Linguistik::410 Linguistik

description: Synopsis: This book introduces formal grammar theories that play a role in current linguistic theorizing (Phrase Structure Grammar, Transformational Grammar/Government & Binding, Generalized Phrase Structure Grammar, Lexical Functional Grammar, Categorial Grammar, Head-​Driven Phrase Structure Grammar, Construction Grammar, Tree Adjoining Grammar). The key assumptions are explained and it is shown how the respective theory treats arguments and adjuncts, the active/passive alternation, local reorderings, verb placement, and fronting of constituents over long distances. The analyses are explained with German as the object language. The second part of the book compares these approaches with respect to their predictions regarding language acquisition and psycholinguistic plausibility. The nativism hypothesis, which assumes that humans posses genetically determined innate language-specific knowledge, is critically examined and alternative models of language acquisition are discussed. The second part then addresses controversial issues of current theory building such as the question of flat or binary branching structures being more appropriate, the question whether constructions should be treated on the phrasal or the lexical level, and the question whether abstract, non-visible entities should play a role in syntactic analyses. It is shown that the analyses suggested in the respective frameworks are often translatable into each other. The book closes with a chapter showing how properties common to all languages or to certain classes of languages can be captured.
description: This book is a new edition of http://langsci-press.org/catalog/book/25, http://langsci-press.org/catalog/book/195, http://langsci-press.org/catalog/book/255 , and http://langsci-press.org/catalog/book/287.
Anomalous Skin Effects in Disordered Systems with a Single non-Hermitian Impurity
Creators: name: Molignini, Paolo
name: Arandes, Oscar
name: Bergholtz, Emil J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore anomalous skin effects at non-Hermitian impurities by studying their interplay with potential disorder and by exactly solving a minimal lattice model. A striking feature of the solvable single-impurity model is that the presence of anisotropic hopping terms can induce a scale-free accumulation of all eigenstates opposite to the bulk hopping direction, although the nonmonotonic behavior is fine tuned and further increasing such hopping weakens and eventually reverses the effect. The interplay with bulk potential disorder, however, qualitatively enriches this phenomenology leading to a robust nonmonotonic localization behavior as directional hopping strengths are tuned. Nonmonotonicity persists even in the limit of an entirely Hermitian bulk with a single non-Hermitian impurity.
description: Accepted version
Fp-projective periodicity
Creators: name: Bazzoni, Silvana
name: Hrbek, Michal
name: Positselski, Leonid
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The phenomenon of periodicity, discovered by Benson and Goodearl, is linked to the behavior of the objects of cocycles in acyclic complexes. It is known that any flat $\mathsf{Proj}$-periodic module is projective, any fp-injective $\mathsf{Inj}$-periodic module is injective, and any $\mathsf{Cot}$-periodic module is cotorsion. It is also known that any pure $\mathsf{PProj}$-periodic module is pure-projective and any pure $\mathsf{PInj}$-periodic module is pure-injective. Generalizing a result of Saroch and Stovicek, we show that every $\mathsf{FpProj}$-periodic module is weakly fp-projective. The proof is quite elementary, using only a strong form of the pure-projective periodicity and the Hill lemma. More generally, we prove that, in a locally finitely presentable Grothendieck category, every $\mathsf{FpProj}$-periodic object is weakly fp-projective. In a locally coherent category, all weakly fp-projective objects are fp-projective. We also present counterexamples showing that a non-pure $\mathsf{PProj}$-periodic module over a regular finitely generated commutative algebra (or a hereditary finite-dimensional associative algebra) over a field need not be pure-projective.
description: LaTeX 2e, 30 pages; v.2: Remark 4.11 and Example 6.9 inserted; v.3: end of Section 0.2, proof of Theorem 4.2, and Example 6.9 expanded; v.4: small corrections