cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Parameter Estimation with BEAMS in the presence of biases and correlations
Creators: name: Newling, James
name: Bassett, Bruce. A.
name: Hlozek, Renée
name: Kunz, Martin
name: Smith, Mathew
name: Varughese, Melvin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The original formulation of BEAMS - Bayesian Estimation Applied to Multiple Species - showed how to use a dataset contaminated by points of multiple underlying types to perform unbiased parameter estimation. An example is cosmological parameter estimation from a photometric supernova sample contaminated by unknown Type Ibc and II supernovae. Where other methods require data cuts to increase purity, BEAMS uses all of the data points in conjunction with their probabilities of being each type. Here we extend the BEAMS formalism to allow for correlations between the data and the type probabilities of the objects as can occur in realistic cases. We show with simple simulations that this extension can be crucial, providing a 50% reduction in parameter estimation variance when such correlations do exist. We then go on to perform tests to quantify the importance of the type probabilities, one of which illustrates the effect of biasing the probabilities in various ways. Finally, a general presentation of the selection bias problem is given, and discussed in the context of future photometric supernova surveys and BEAMS, which lead to specific recommendations for future supernova surveys.
description: 10 figures, 14 pages
Neonatal Bacterial Meningitis among Term Neonates with Early Onset Sepsis: Prevalence, Clinical Features and Outcomes at a Tertiary Care Center in Thailand: a Retrospective Study over a 7-Year Period (2013-2019)
Creators: name: Preawkalaya Suksai
name: Pathaporn Prempraphana
Publisher: name: Text and Journal Publication
Year: 2023
Subjects: bacterial meningitis
early onset neonatal sepsis
lumbar puncture
term neonates

description: Vajira Medical Journal: Journal of Urban Medicine, 67, 4, none
Innovation and Growth through Open Access to Scientific Research: Three Ideas for High-Impact Rule Changes
Creators: name: Stodden, Victoria C.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: Communication of technical information
Intellectual property

description: A paper on Data Policies by Victoria Stodden where she explores the framing principles that should be applied to the reproduction of computational research and results and how those principles should be used to guide scientific policy during the digital age.
Survey of the Undergraduate Health Status during the Outbreak of COVID-19: a Case Study of an Urban University in Thailand
Creators: name: Areeya Jirathananuwat
name: Thira Woratanarat
name: Pramote Papukdee
Publisher: name: Text and Journal Publication
Year: 2023
Subjects: COVID-19
health status
online learning
undergraduate

description: Vajira Medical Journal: Journal of Urban Medicine, 67, 4, none
Experimental validation of finite element predicted bone strain in the human metatarsal
Creators: name: Fung, Anita
name: Loundagin, Lindsay L.
name: Edwards, William Brent
Publisher: name: Kinesiology
Year: 2017

description: Metatarsal stress fracture is a common injury observed in athletes and military personnel. Mechanical fatigue is believed to play an important role in the etiology of stress fracture, which is highly dependent on the resulting bone strain from the applied load. The purpose of this study was to validate a subject-specific finite element (FE) modeling routine for bone strain prediction in the human metatarsal. Strain gauge measurements were performed on 33 metatarsals from seven human cadaveric feet subject to cantilever bending, and subject-specific FE models were generated from computed tomography images. Material properties for the FE models were assigned using a published density-modulus relationship as well as density-modulus relationships developed from optimization techniques. The optimized relationships were developed with a 'training set' of metatarsals (n=17) and cross-validated with a 'test set' (n=16). The published and optimized density elasticity equations provided FE-predicted strains that were highly correlated with experimental measurements for both the training (r2≥0.95) and test (r2≥0.94) sets; however, the optimized equations reduced the maximum error by 10% to 20% relative to the published equation, and resulted in an X=Y type of relationship between experimental measurements and FE predictions. Using a separate optimized density-modulus equation for trabecular and cortical bone did not improve strain predictions when compared to a single equation that spanned the entire bone density range. We believe that the FE models with optimized material property assignment have a level of accuracy necessary to investigate potential interventions to minimize metatarsal strain in an effort to prevent the occurrence of stress fracture.
title: Chest computed tomographic patterns on cannabis-only smokers.
Creators: name: De Souza, Pedro
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Chest
subject: Lung
subject: Respiratory system
subject: CT
subject: CT-High Resolution
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Biological effects
subject: Tissue characterisation
subject: Prospective
subject: Diagnostic or prognostic study
subject: Multicentre study

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: To describe CT lung parenchyma imaging findings that might be caused cannabis-only smoking habit; To correlateit with usage time; To propose a natural history of cannabis...
Fog Computing: Mitigating Insider Data Theft Attacks in the Cloud
Creators: name: Stolfo, Salvatore
name: Ben Salem, Malek
name: Keromytis, Angelos D.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Computer science

description: Cloud computing promises to significantly change the way we use computers and access and store our personal and business information. With these new computing and communications paradigms arise new data security challenges. Existing data protection mechanisms such as encryption have failed in preventing data theft attacks, especially those perpetrated by an insider to the cloud provider. We propose a different approach for securing data in the cloud using offensive decoy technology. We monitor data access in the cloud and detect abnormal data access patterns. When unauthorized access is suspected and then verified using challenge questions, we launch a disinformation attack by returning large amounts of decoy information to the attacker. This protects against the misuse of the user's real data. Experiments conducted in a local file setting provide evidence that this approach may provide unprecedented levels of user data security in a Cloud environment.
Training the “Community Servant”: The Greek Orthodox Church of America and the Teachers College of St. Basil’s Academy,1959-1973
Creators: name: Soumakis, Fevronia K.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: Religion

description: The history of Greek educational institutions and Greek American women’s participation and experiences in their development in the United States remains largely absent from the scholarly literature. Despite the emphasis of the vital importance of Hellenic-Christian paideia found in official church documents, the press, and other sources, the Greek Orthodox Church community’s expansive educational efforts, as well as the role of Greek American and Greek born women who staffed the expanding community day and afternoon schools throughout the twentieth century have yet to be the subjects of comprehensive studies. As Greek women in America were actively supporting the expanding Greek Orthodox educational system as teachers, secretaries, choir directors, and fundraisers, it was the church hierarchy which articulated the needs of the Greek immigrant community and constructed a physical and ideological space for women to fulfill those needs. In doing so, the hierarchy ultimately directed their resources and efforts and defined their position within the community. In this essay, I examine the role of the Greek Orthodox Church of America in shaping the trajectory of St. Basil’s Academy Teachers College during the period 1959-1973. Although the College was established in 1944, I focus on the time period when Archbishop Iakovos assumed his position and turned his attention towards expanding Greek education. This study ends in 1973 when the Greek Orthodox Archdiocese of North and South America (hereafter Archdiocese) along with community leaders decided to merge the Teachers College with the newly established Hellenic College in Brookline, Massachusetts. To that end, three questions guide this paper: What was the purpose of the Teachers College and how did it change over time? Who defined this purpose and why? Who was the college designed for?
Recalibration of the vestibular system
Creators: name: Law, Tammy Che-Yan
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The vestibular system conveys information regarding head motion to the central nervous system (CNS). Independently, this vestibular signal of head motion does not provide an absolute reference of head motion as the frequency coding of the afferent nerves is influenced by adaptation properties and nonlinearities. The optic flow signal of head rotation from the visual system however, is spatially encoded and can function as an absolute reference. The aim of this study was to determine if a visual signal of head rotation can recalibrate an altered vestibular signal of head motion during standing balance and to investigate the underlying mechanisms of this recalibration at the muscular level. Eight healthy subjects were exposed to an electrical vestibular stimulus correlated to head movement (±0.125 mA/°/s) while standing on foam with eyes closed. This velocity-coupled vestibular stimulation (VcVS) was applied in a bipolar, bilateral orientation and depending on its polarity, resulted in the vestibular nerves coding for slower or faster head movements. Initially, this alteration of natural vestibular information destabilized subjects. During the conditioning phase, subjects opened their eyes and used visual information in combination with the new vestibular information to update their representation of self-orientation. Following this, subjects showed a significant decrease (~35%) in body sway while still receiving VcVS. The mechanisms underlying vestibular recalibration were examined by observing how visuo-vestibular recalibration affected the vestibular-evoked muscular responses. Muscle activity was recorded in five subjects using surface electromyography (EMG) bilaterally on the medial gastrocnemius and tensor fascia latae muscles. Stochastic vestibular stimulation (SVS) in combination with VcVS was delivered to evoke biphasic muscular responses. Prior to the conditioning period, the peak amplitude of the response was significantly attenuated and then returned to control levels following conditioning. Overall, these observations indicate that the vestibular system can be recalibrated by a visual signal of head rotation. This process is associated with an initial decrease in vestibular-evoked muscular responses which return to control levels once recalibration occurs. These results suggest that the CNS can modulate vestibular processes by down regulation or selective gating of vestibular signals in order to achieve vestibular recalibration.
Provably-Efficient and Internally-Deterministic Parallel Union-Find
Creators: name: Fedorov, Alexander
name: Hashemi, Diba
name: Nadiradze, Giorgi
name: Alistarh, Dan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Determining the degree of inherent parallelism in classical sequential algorithms and leveraging it for fast parallel execution is a key topic in parallel computing, and detailed analyses are known for a wide range of classical algorithms. In this paper, we perform the first such analysis for the fundamental Union-Find problem, in which we are given a graph as a sequence of edges, and must maintain its connectivity structure under edge additions. We prove that classic sequential algorithms for this problem are well-parallelizable under reasonable assumptions, addressing a conjecture by [Blelloch, 2017]. More precisely, we show via a new potential argument that, under uniform random edge ordering, parallel union-find operations are unlikely to interfere: $T$ concurrent threads processing the graph in parallel will encounter memory contention $O(T^2 \cdot \log |V| \cdot \log |E|)$ times in expectation, where $|E|$ and $|V|$ are the number of edges and nodes in the graph, respectively. We leverage this result to design a new parallel Union-Find algorithm that is both internally deterministic, i.e., its results are guaranteed to match those of a sequential execution, but also work-efficient and scalable, as long as the number of threads $T$ is $O(|E|^{\frac{1}{3} - \varepsilon})$, for an arbitrarily small constant $\varepsilon > 0$, which holds for most large real-world graphs. We present lower bounds which show that our analysis is close to optimal, and experimental results suggesting that the performance cost of internal determinism is limited.
Ordering of anisotropic polarizable polymer chains on the full many-body level
Creators: name: Dean, David S.
name: Podgornik, Rudolf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effect of dielectric anisotropy of polymers on their equilibrium ordering within mean-field theory but with a formalism that takes into account the full n-body nature of van der Waals forces. Dielectric anisotropy within polymers is to be expected as the electronic properties of the polymer will typically be different along the polymer than across its cross section. It is therefore physically intuitive that larger charge fluctuations can be induced along the chain than perpendicular to it. We show that this dielectric anisotropy leads to n-body interactions which can induce an isotropic--nematic transition. The two body and three body components of the full van der Waals interaction are extracted and it is shown how the two body term behaves like the phenomenological self-aligning-pairwise nematic interaction. At the three body interaction level we see that the nematic phase that is energetically favorable is discotic, however on the full n-body interaction level we find that the normal axial nematic phase is always the stable ordered phase. The n-body nature of our approach also shows that the key parameter driving the nematic-isotropic transition is the bare persistence length of the polymer chain.
description: 12 pages Revtex, 4 figures
Editor’s Preface
Creators: name: Soumakis, Fevronia K.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: Religion

description: The essays in this volume were delivered at the Third Annual Conference of the Sophia Institute in December 2010 at Union Theological Seminary in New York City. The theme of that conference, “Power and Authority in Eastern Christian Experience,” brought forth a diverse group of scholars who contributed their perspectives on the ways the Eastern Orthodox Church, in its broadest sense, has negotiated the notions of power, authority, (dis)obedience, and resistance over time and space. These insightful essays promise to draw the Orthodox world into a dynamic and productive discourse. This volume then can be seen as evidence of the conference’s scholarly merits and of the creative energy exerted by Orthodox thinkers in generating the momentum to educate, debate, and further an understanding of our faith on important issues. Some of the authors hold positions in academia, while others are graduate students or independent scholars. All are exceptionally qualified to contribute their intellectual understanding of the Eastern Orthodox experience.
title: Transition, volume 1, issue 2
title: Transition
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Watts, Steve
name: ASCSU, Publisher
Publisher: name: Mountain Scholar
Year: 1969
Subjects: Colorado State University -- Periodicals
Fort Collins (Colo.) -- Periodicals

description: April 18 issue of the Transition, a weekly Colorado State University student newspaper and an alternative to the Rocky Mountain Collegian. Includes articles, photographs, and illustrations concerning local and national issues important to students at Colorado State University.
title: Hysterosalpingography: an overview on the technique and frequent findings – our experience
Creators: name: Stefanucci, Rita
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genitourinary
subject: Genital / Reproductive system female
subject: Pelvis
subject: Fluoroscopy
subject: Hysterosalpingography
subject: Treatment effects
subject: Outcomes
subject: Not applicable

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: To illustrate how to perform a hysterosalpingography. To discuss about the diagnostic and the therapeutic role of this technique. To highlight the most common pathological findings and their differential...
Conversion Functions for Symmetric Key Ciphers
Creators: name: Cook, Debra L.
name: Keromytis, Angelos D.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2006
Subjects: Computer science

description: As a general design criterion, a symmetric key cipher should not be closed under functional composition due to the implications on the security of the cipher. However, there are scenarios in which this property is desirable and can be obtained without reducing the security of a cipher by increasing the computational workload of the cipher. We expand the idea of a symmetric key cipher being closed under functional composition to a more general scenario where there exists a function that converts the ciphertext resulting from encryption under a specific key to the ciphertext corresponding to encryption with another key. We show how to perform such a conversion without exposing the plaintext. We discuss the tradeoff between the computational workload and security, and the relationship between such conversions and proxy cryptography. We conclude with a discussion of some practical applications of our results.
Intrapulmonary shunting in asthmatic athletes
Creators: name: Chao, Jennifer Chung-Chi
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: This study investigated the presence of intrapulmonary shunt in asthmatic athletes during exercise. The effects of airway obstruction on the onset of intrapulmonary shunt were examined by comparing two conditions of airway obstruction: induced airway obstruction and reversed airway obstruction. The study also examined the effect of body position on intrapulmonary shunt recruitment by comparing three positions at rest: supine, head-down tilt and upright. We hypothesized that induced airway obstruction would trigger an earlier onset of intrapulmonary shunt during exercise when compared to reversed airway obstruction; we also hypothesized that the head-down tilt position will recruit intrapulmonary shunt at rest. Ten asthmatic, highly aerobically trained (VO₂max = 62.6 ± 6.7 ml/kg/min) males completed 3 resting stages and 6 stages of incremental exercise under both conditions of airway obstruction. Agitated saline contrast echocardiography was used to determine the presence of intrapulmonary shunt. Ten of ten subjects demonstrated intrapulmonary shunt during exercise; three of ten subjects demonstrated shunt at rest. Nine of ten subjects demonstrated shunt onset at the same workload for both conditions; one individual showed a delay in shunt onset with the reversed airway obstruction condition. Mean shunt onset under induced airway obstruction and reversed airway obstruction was 41.4 ± 7.9 %VO2max and 42.5 ± 8.1 %VO₂max, respectively; no significant difference in mean shunt onset was found. Among the 3 subjects who shunted at rest, 2 subjects shunted at resting supine and 1 subject at both supine and head-down tilt. Conditions of airway obstruction did not have an influence at shunt onset at rest. Intrapulmonary shunting during exercise is evident in asthmatic athletes and appears to occur at low workloads but is not consistently influenced by acute conditions of airway obstruction or body position.
title: Whole Body MRI: indications, protocols and interpretation
Creators: name: Costa, Ana Sofia
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Not applicable
subject: Not applicable
subject: Education and training
subject: Cancer
subject: Technical aspects
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: MR
subject: Oncology
subject: MR physics
subject: Management
subject: Oncologic Imaging

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: Review clinical indications for WB-MRI Learn about adequate protocols to acquire high quality examinations Describe major challenges in implementing a WB-MRI...
title: Herniation syndrome: clinical and radiological features
Creators: name: Maresca, Maria Alessandra
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Not applicable
subject: Not applicable
subject: Trauma
subject: Outcomes
subject: Acute
subject: Complications
subject: MR
subject: CT
subject: Trauma
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: Anatomy
subject: Neuro

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: To describe the types of hernia and associated neurologic...
A reconstruction method for neutrino induced muon tracks taking into account the apriori knowledge of the neutrino source
Creators: name: Tsirigotis, A. G.
name: Leisos, A.
name: Tzamarias, S. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gamma ray earthbound and satellite experiments have discovered, over the last years, many galactic and extra-galactic gamma ray sources. The detection of astrophysical neutrinos emitted by the same sources would imply that these astrophysical objects are charged cosmic ray accelerators and help to resolve the enigma of the origin of cosmic rays. A very large volume neutrino telescope might be able to detect these potential neutrino emitters. The apriori known direction of the neutrino source can be used to effectively suppress the $^{40}K$ optical background and increase significantly the tracking efficiency through causality filters. We report on advancing filtering and prefit techniques using the known neutrino source direction and first results are presented.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures, to be published in Nucl. Inst. and Meth. A v2: minor changes, 1 page added
title: Internal Jugular Vein Septic Thrombophlebitis. Angiographic compilation of the patterns of Lemièrre Syndrome.
Creators: name: Rivadeneira, Sebastian
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Vascular
subject: Head and neck
subject: Vascular
subject: Veins / Vena cava
subject: CT
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: MR
subject: Abscess delineation
subject: Complications
subject: Venous access
subject: Haemodynamics / Flow dynamics
subject: Infection
subject: Obstruction / Occlusion
subject: Not applicable
subject: Observational
subject: Performed at one institution

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: TEACHING POINTS Identify the classic radiological and clinical manifestations found inLemièrre´s Syndrome. Determine the main dangers of the thrombosis of the Internal Jugular Vein through each Imaging method. Show the differences between acute...
Video-based Contrastive Learning on Decision Trees: from Action Recognition to Autism Diagnosis
Creators: name: Ruan, Mindi
name: Yu, Xiangxu
name: Zhang, Na
name: Hu, Chuanbo
name: Wang, Shuo
name: Li, Xin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: How can we teach a computer to recognize 10,000 different actions? Deep learning has evolved from supervised and unsupervised to self-supervised approaches. In this paper, we present a new contrastive learning-based framework for decision tree-based classification of actions, including human-human interactions (HHI) and human-object interactions (HOI). The key idea is to translate the original multi-class action recognition into a series of binary classification tasks on a pre-constructed decision tree. Under the new framework of contrastive learning, we present the design of an interaction adjacent matrix (IAM) with skeleton graphs as the backbone for modeling various action-related attributes such as periodicity and symmetry. Through the construction of various pretext tasks, we obtain a series of binary classification nodes on the decision tree that can be combined to support higher-level recognition tasks. Experimental justification for the potential of our approach in real-world applications ranges from interaction recognition to symmetry detection. In particular, we have demonstrated the promising performance of video-based autism spectrum disorder (ASD) diagnosis on the CalTech interview video database.
description: Accepted by ACM Multimedia Systems Conference 2023
Computational Approaches to Modeling Speaker State in the Medical Domain
Creators: name: Hirschberg, Julia Bell
name: Hjalmarsson, Anna
name: Elhadad, Noemie
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Computer science
subject: Information technology
subject: Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recently, researchers in computer science and engineering have begun to explore the possibility of finding speech-based correlates of various medical conditions using automatic, computational methods. If such language cues can be identified and quantified automatically, this information can be used to support diagnosis and treatment of medical conditions in clinical settings and to further fundamental research in understanding cognition. This chapter reviews computational approaches that explore communicative patterns of patients who suffer from medical conditions such as depression, autism spectrum disorders, schizophrenia, and cancer. There are two main approaches discussed: research that explores features extracted from the acoustic signal and research that focuses on lexical and semantic features. We also present some applied research that uses computational methods to develop assistive technologies. In the final sections we discuss issues related to and the future of this emerging field of research.
title: Beyond appendicitis: unusual appendix presentations and appendicitis mimickers in the emergency department
Creators: name: Defendi, Larissa
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Emergency Imaging
subject: Gastrointestinal tract
subject: CT
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Education
subject: Pathology
subject: Not applicable

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: The purpose of this essay is to review appendiceal pathology besides acute appendicitis in the emergency department and describe the corresponding findings on multiple imaging...
Bridging the Network Reservation Gap Using Overlays
Creators: name: Stavrou, Angelos
name: Turner, David
name: Keromytis, Angelos D.
name: Prevelakis, Vassilis
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2007
Subjects: Computer science

description: We propose the concept of Overlay-linked IntServ (OLIntServ), a system architecture that combines network overlays with intra-domain QoS to provide assured communications over the Internet, while allowing ISPs to extend the reach of their currently under-utilized IntServ services. We describe our system prototype, and provide some preliminary experimental results on its efficacy.
Mass dependent top forward backward asymmetry in the effective Lagrangian approach: Addendum to "Model independent analysis of the forward-backward asymmetry of top quark production at the Tevatron"
Creators: name: Jung, Dong-Won
name: Ko, P.
name: Lee, Jae Sik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently the CDF and the D0 Collaborations presented the data on the top forward-backward (FB) asymmetry A_FB as functions of M_(t t^bar) and Δy = y_t - y_t^bar. We study these observables in the effective Lagrangian approach with dimension-6 q q^bar t t^bar contact interactions, and compare with the CDF and D0 data. When we stay within the validity region of the effective Lagrangian approach, the mass dependent top FB asymmetry turns out to be smaller than the CDF data, more than 2-sigma away. If this discrepancy remains in the future data with better statistics, it would imply that the effective Lagrangian approach is not adequate for the top FB asymmetry, and a new physics scale around a few hundred GeV in the t- or u-channel may be responsible for the observed top FB asymmetry.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures, references added, to appear in Physics Letters B
Mechanical fatigue of bovine cortical bone using ground reaction force waveforms in running
Creators: name: Loundagin, Lindsay L.
name: Schmidt, Tannin A.
name: Edwards, William Brent
Publisher: name: Kinesiology
Year: 2018

description: Stress fractures are a common overuse injury among runners associated with the mechanical fatigue of bone. Several in vivo biomechanical studies have investigated specific characteristics of the vertical ground reaction force (vGRF) in heel-toe running and have observed an association between increased loading rate during impact and individuals with a history of stress fracture. The purpose of this study was to examine the fatigue behavior of cortical bone using vGRF-like loading profiles, including those that had been decomposed into their respective impact and active phase components. Thirty-eight cylindrical cortical bone samples were extracted from bovine tibiae and femora. Hydrated samples were fatigue tested at room temperature in zero compression under load control using either a raw (n = 10), active (n = 10), low impact (n = 10), or high impact (n = 8) vGRF profile. The number of cycles to failure was quantified and the test was terminated if the sample survived 105 cycles. Fatigue life was significantly greater for both impact groups compared to the active (p < 0.001) and raw (p < 0.001) groups, with all low impact samples and 6 of 8 high impact samples surviving 105 cycles. The mean (± SD) number of cycles to failure for the active and raw groups was 12,133±11,704 and 16,552±29,612, respectively. The results suggest that loading rates associated with the impact phase of a typical vGRF in running have little influence on the mechanical fatigue behavior of bone relative to loading magnitude, warranting further investigation of the mechanism by which increased loading rates are associated with stress fracture.
Gaussian fluctuations in an ideal bose-gas -- a simple model
Creators: name: Petrova, A
name: Nedopekin, O
name: Tayurskii, D
name: Wang, Q A
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on the canonical ensemble, we suggested the simple scheme for taking into account Gaussian fluctuations in a finite system of ideal boson gas. Within framework of scheme we investigated the influence of fluctuations on the particle distribution in Bose -gas for two cases - with taking into account the number of particles in the ground state and without this assumption. The temperature and fluctuation parameter dependences of the modified Bose- Einstein distribution have been determined. Also the dependence of the condensation temperature on the fluctuation distribution parameter has been obtained.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:cond-mat/0408599
Medication safety in neonatal intensive care
Creators: name: Krysiak, Kamelia
Publisher: name: Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 321403
subject: Clinical pharmacy and pharmacy practice
classificationCode: 320212
subject: Intensive care
classificationCode: 321303
subject: Neonatology

description: Premature and VLBW neonates are vulnerable patients’ cohort with complex medical needs and requirement of advanced pharmacotherapy and medical care. When many infusions are prescribed, simultaneous administration is needed due to limited vascular access in sick and preterm neonates. Medication administration through a multi-infusion system is a complex process and there are many factors contributing to accurate drug delivery through that system. Research specifically targeting the subpopulation of premature very low birth weight neonates is needed to optimise safety of medication administration. A systematic approach was undertaken throughout this thesis to address the issue of multi-infusion medication administration to premature ELBW and VLBW neonates. First, a literature search was done to summarise to-date knowledge in the area of IV infusion to neonates, highlighting the finding on drug delivery to VLBW neonates. Next, the laboratory work was planned to investigate the drug delivery rates through a multi-infusion system at low infusion rates. First, a model drug study was developed to gain insight into parameters affecting drug delivery rates. It was found that patient’s body weight and infusion connection point significantly impact drug delivery rate. The same methodology was used to investigate these findings with the use of critical medication used in the NICU – adrenaline and dopamine. These results confirmed finding of drug delivery rate with model drug. Further, to test that infusion system affects time to drug delivery, a retrospective cohort study in VLBW neonates receiving insulin was done. It revealed that the medication dose could be changed before the medication reaches patient’s bloodstream, as no clinical effect was observed when medication was flowing through infusion lines. The last study investigated often overlooked factor of vertical displacement. Investigation of vertical displacement of an infusion pump by 50 cm showed considerable alterations in drug delivery rate observed as bolus delivery and time with decreased drug delivery to the patient.
title: Renal Cell Carcinoma: imaging and pathologic correlation
Creators: name: Correia, Paulo
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genitourinary
subject: Kidney
subject: Oncology
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: Biopsy
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Cancer
subject: Multidisciplinary cancer care
subject: Pathology
subject: Retrospective
subject: Not applicable
subject: Performed at one institution

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: To describe the imaging appearance of the most common renal masses. To pinpoint the imaging features that help in the differentiation between benign and malignant causes. To review the imaging parameters that allow the diagnosis of the main subtypes...
Health and Climate–Needs
Creators: name: Connor, Stephen J.
name: Omumbo, Judith A.
name: Green, Cathy Vaughan
name: DaSilva, J.
name: Mantilla Caicedo, Gilma Constanza
name: Delacollette, C.
name: Hales, S.
name: Rogers, D.
name: Thomson, Madeleine C.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: Public health--Information services
Human beings--Effect of climate on
Environmental sciences
Public health

description: This paper describes the needs for climate risk management and information services for the health sector to serve research, educational and operational needs of ministries of health and their partners, those agencies that support broader public health service provision as well as respond to epidemics and emergencies. While climate information is considered highly relevant to helping guide improvements in public health provision, to date this information is largely underutilized. We explore some of the gaps in satisfying these needs, and we make recommendations to help fill the identified gaps.
Exclusive production of pseudoscalar mesons in neutrino-photon interactions
Creators: name: Alikhanov, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Exclusive production of the $π$ mesons in neutrino--photon interactions at low momentum transfer is studied within the standard model. The corresponding cross sections are calculated analytically. Potential astrophysical implications and the significance for testing the standard model are discussed. The presented formalism applies to other pseudoscalar mesons as well.
description: 14 pages, 3 figures. Version accepted for publication in Physics Letters B
Developing the Deutsch-Hayden approach to quantum mechanics
Creators: name: Horsman, Dominic
name: Vedral, Vlatko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The formalism of Deutsch and Hayden is a useful tool for describing quantum mechanics explicitly as local and unitary, and therefore quantum information theory as concerning a "flow" of information between systems. In this paper we show that these physical descriptions of flow are unique, and develop the approach further to include the measurement interaction and mixed states. We then give an analysis of entanglement swapping in this approach, showing that it does not in fact contain non-local effects or some form of superluminal signalling.
description: 14 pages. Added section on entanglement swapping
Dynamics of pulled desorption with effects of excluded volume interaction: The p-Laplacian diffusion equation and its exact solution
Creators: name: Sebastian, K. L.
name: Rostiashvili, V. G.
name: Vilgis, T. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the dynamics of desorption of a polymer molecule which is pulled at one of its ends with force $f$, trying to desorb it. We assume a monomer to desorb when the pulling force on it exceeds a critical value $f_{c}$. We formulate an equation for the average position of the $n^{th}$ monomer, which takes into account excluded volume interaction through the blob-picture of a polymer under external constraints. The approach leads to a diffusion equation with a $p$-Laplacian for the propagation of the stretching along the chain. This has to be solved subject to a moving boundary condition. Interestingly, within this approach, the problem can be solved exactly in the trumpet, stem-flower and stem regimes. In the trumpet regime, we get $τ=τ_{0}n_d^{2}$ where $n_d$ is the number of monomers that have desorbed at the time $τ$. $τ_{0}$ is known only numerically, but for $f$ close to $f_{c}$, it is found to be $τ_{0}\sim f_c/(f^{2/3}-f_{c}^{2/3})$. If one used simple Rouse dynamics, this result changes to {\normalsize $τ\sim f_c n_d^2/(f-f_{c})$.} In the other regimes too, one can find exact solution, and interestingly, in all regimes $τ\sim n_d^2$.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures
title: Spondylodiscitis: Pictoral review of MR imaging findings with focus on common mimics
Creators: name: Ezhapilli, Sajeev
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Neuro
subject: Neuroradiology spine
subject: MR
subject: Education
subject: eLearning
subject: Infection
subject: Not applicable
subject: Performed at one institution

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: To illustrate distinctive magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings for initial diagnosis in Spondylodiscitis. To educate participants regarding imaging approach for evaluation of spinal canal pathologies thereby assisting in critical decisions for...
The halo mass function in interacting Dark Energy models
Creators: name: Cui, Weiguang
name: Baldi, Marco
name: Borgani, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a detailed investigation of the effects that a direct interaction between Dark Energy (DE) and Cold Dark Matter (CDM) particles imprints on the Halo Mass Function (HMF) of groups and clusters of galaxies. Making use of the public halo catalogs of the {\small CoDECS} simulations, we derive the HMF for several different types of coupled DE scenarios both based on the FoF algorithm and on the SO halo identification for different values of the overdensity threshold $Δ_{c}$. We compare the computed HMFs for coupled DE cosmologies with $Λ$CDM as well as with the predictions of the standard analytic fitting functions. Our results show that the standard fitting functions still reproduce reasonably well both the FoF and the SO HMFs of interacting DE cosmologies at intermediate masses and at low redshifts, once rescaled to the characteristic amplitude of linear density perturbations of each specific model as given by $σ_{8}$. However, we also find that such apparent degeneracy with $σ_{8}$ is broken both by the high-mass tail and by the redshift evolution of our HMFs, with deviations beyond $\sim 10%$ for most of the models under investigation. Furthermore, the discrepancy with respect to the predictions of standard fitting functions rescaled with the characteristic value of $σ_{8}$ shows -- for some models -- a strong dependence on the spherical overdensity threshold $Δ_{c}$ used for the halo identification. We find that such effect is due to a significant increase of halo concentration at low redshifts in these models, that is however absent in the majority of the cosmological scenarios considered in this work. We can therefore conclude that the universality of the HMF is violated by cosmological models that feature a direct interaction between DE and CDM.
description: 14pages, 9 figures, 2 tables, accepted version of MNRAS
Depth imaging with reflection statics derived from model-based moveout
Creators: name: Ellison, Dennis Kent
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Geophysics
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Depth Imaging
subject: Moveout
subject: Seismic Processing
subject: Education--Sciences

description: In land reflection seismic data analysis, reflection static corrections are analytical solutions for resolving timing differences between measured and theoretical arrival times of seismic waves. These static corrections can make a substantial difference in the absence of detailed near-surface information and are dependent on assumptions associated with the normal moveout (NMO) theory. NMO is an analytical solution based on the assumption that the moveout in seismic data can be approximated by an hyperbola. This assumption is valid when the moveout pattern is near-hyperbolic but fails when it is not. Scenarios where moveout is not hyperbolic, include situations: when the topography is not flat; when strong lateral velocity variations are present; when there are strong variations in velocity magnitudes and seismic weathering thickness across the data. A moveout velocity field can be created using ray-traced travel-times from the velocity model instead of NMO. These travel-times are calculated from each source and receiver and can be applied to the respective traces at the corresponding offset. This model-based moveout (MMO) correction is coupled to depth migration and allows for asymmetric non-hyperbolic moveout commonly associated with strong lateral velocity variations in the subsurface. These MMO derived static corrections can render sharper depth migrated images and lead to stronger geologic representation of the depth imaging velocity model.
title: ENDOVASCULAR TREATMENT IN TRANSVERSE SINUS STENOSIS IN REFRACTORY IDIOPATHIC INTRACRANIAL HYPERTENSION: does it really work?.
Creators: name: De la Cruz Rodríguez, Carolina
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Neuro
subject: Interventional vascular
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: Catheter venography
subject: Angioplasty
subject: Stents
subject: Haemodynamics / Flow dynamics
subject: Hypertension
subject: Not applicable

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: 1. To evaluate the most relevant imaging findings of idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH). 2. To review epidemiological, clinical and imaging characteristics of patients with idiopathic intracranial hypertension. 3. To explore the safety and...
A doublet of cosmic-ray events with primary energies >10^20 eV
Creators: name: Troitsky, S. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Telescope Array Collaboration has observed a cosmic-ray event with estimated primary energy of 1.38*10^20 eV whose arrival direction coincides (see arxiv:1205.5984), given the angular resolution of 1.5 deg, with that of an event with estimated primary energy of 1.23*10^20 eV observed by the Pierre Auger Observatory. The total number of events with energies >10^20 eV published by both experiments is six. I estimate the statistical significance of the doublet, which is rather weak, and point out that the arrival directions of events in the doublet coincide with the Galactic X-ray source Aql X-1.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, submitted to JETP Letters; v.2: a misprint corrected