cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Density estimation on small datasets
Creators: name: Chen, Wei-Chia
name: Tareen, Ammar
name: Kinney, Justin B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: How might a smooth probability distribution be estimated, with accurately quantified uncertainty, from a limited amount of sampled data? Here we describe a field-theoretic approach that addresses this problem remarkably well in one dimension, providing an exact nonparametric Bayesian posterior without relying on tunable parameters or large-data approximations. Strong non-Gaussian constraints, which require a non-perturbative treatment, are found to play a major role in reducing distribution uncertainty. A software implementation of this method is provided.
description: Includes main text (5 pages, 3 figures) and Supplemental Information (10 pages, 4 figures). Same as version 3 but with Feynman diagrams properly rendered
Studies of Lepton Flavor Violation at the LHC
Creators: name: Bhattacharya, Bhubanjyoti
name: Morgan, Robert
name: Osborne, James
name: Petrov, Alexey A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the charged lepton flavor violating process $gg \rightarrow μ^\pm τ^\mp$ at the $\sqrt{s} = 13$ TeV LHC. Operators generating this process can be induced by new physics (NP) at dimension 8. Despite the power suppression associated with dimension 8 operators, we show that the LHC's large gluon luminosity makes it possible to probe this channel. For an integrated luminosity of 100 fb$^{-1}$ at the LHC, we predict a constraint on the NP scale $Λ\gtrsim 3$ TeV. In addition, we point out that such operators can be induced through top quark loops in models that generate dimension 6 operators of the form $\overline{t} t \, μτ$. We find that the NP scale of these dimension 6 operators can be constrained to be $Λ\gtrsim 3.4-4.1$ TeV with 100 fb$^{-1}$ of data.
description: Updated version 2, published in PLB. 7 pages, 2 figures
Bi-state Control of Microelectromechanical Nonlinear and Parametric Resonance
Creators: name: Congzhong  Guo
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Computer Engineering
subject: 90699 Electrical and Electronic Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Parametric resonance provides a sharp jump in resonance amplitude at the bifurcation setpoint and is, therefore, ideal for ultrasensitive detection of mass or stress shifts that modify the resonance frequency and hence the bifurcation frequency. This work investigates a bi-state controller capable of servoing along the microelectromechanical (MEMS) parametric resonant bifurcation point at large displacement amplitudes. The control plant is a large-stroke (8 μm) parametric resonator excited by an in-plane “shaped-finger” electrostatic comb drive fabricated using a 15 μm-thick silicon-on-insulator MEMS (SOI-MEMS) process. The large-stroke parametric resonance and the ability to track the bifurcation jump point promote future implementation of ultrasensitive bifurcation-based chemical gravimetric sensors, strain gauges, and mode-matched gyroscope applications. The controller feedback states are two levels of the electrostatic-drive voltage that shift the nonlinear resonance characteristics. The system is driven at a fixed frequency. The feedback states correspond to two steady-state conditions: the “on” state experiencing parametric resonance and the “off” state at zero amplitude. The states are cycled by 200 kHz pulse-width-modulation that circumvents the slow hysteretic latch-on that would occur in steady-state operation. The closed-loop control avoids the necessary setup and ring-down time that are required to settle between the “on” and the “off” states. The exemplary system demonstrated has 1.9 μm servo amplitude with a minimum normalized Allan deviation of 2.36×10–4. A second experimental embodiment of the bi-state bifurcation-based controller uses a crab-leg Duffing resonator to servo at the maximum “on” point (5 μm) prior to the bifurcation jump. A quadratic capacitance-displacement response is synthesized by engineering a “shaped-finger” comb profile. The excitation of the nonlinear parametric resonance is realized by selecting an appropriate combination of the electrostatic stiffness coefficients through a specific varying-gap comb-finger design. A large frequency tuning range of 17% is demonstrated in an example crab-leg resonator. A predictive simulation methodology for the nonlinear parametric resonance systems uses elemental behavioral models to compose the system. The mixed MEMS/analog behavioral composable modeling methodology is validated by the characterization of a canonical CMOS-MEMS non-interdigitated comb finger resonator.
Spinor-Vector Duality in N=2 Heterotic String Vacua
Creators: name: Faraggi, Alon E.
name: Kounnas, Costas
name: Rizos, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Classification of the N=1 space-time supersymmetric fermionic Z2XZ2 heterotic-string vacua with symmetric internal shifts, revealed a novel spinor-vector duality symmetry over the entire space of vacua, where the S_t V duality interchanges the spinor plus anti-spinor representations with vector representations. In this paper we demonstrate that the spinor--vector duality exists also in fermionic Z2 heterotic string models, which preserve N=2 space-time supersymmetry. In this case the interchange is between spinorial and vectorial representations of the unbroken SO(12) GUT symmetry. We provide a general algebraic proof for the existence of the S_t V duality map. We present a novel basis to generate the free fermionic models in which the ten dimensional gauge degrees of freedom are grouped into four groups of four, each generating an SO(8) modular block. In the new basis the GUT symmetries are produced by generators arising from the trivial and non--trivial sectors, and due to the triality property of the SO(8) representations. Thus, while in the new basis the appearance of GUT symmetries is more cumbersome, it may be more instrumental in revealing the duality symmetries that underly the string vacua.
description: 19 pages. 1 figure
Search for pair production of up-type vector-like quarks and for four-top-quark events in final states with multiple $b$-jets with the ATLAS detector
Creators: name: ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A search for pair production of up-type vector-like quarks ($T$) with a significant branching ratio into a top quark and either a Standard Model Higgs boson or a $Z$ boson is presented. The same analysis is also used to search for four-top-quark production in several new physics scenarios. The search is based on a dataset of $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV recorded in 2015 and 2016 with the ATLAS detector at the CERN Large Hadron Collider and corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 36.1 fb$^{-1}$. Data are analysed in the lepton+jets final state, characterised by an isolated electron or muon with high transverse momentum, large missing transverse momentum and multiple jets, as well as the jets+$E_{T}^{miss}$ final state, characterised by multiple jets and large missing transverse momentum. The search exploits the high multiplicity of jets identified as originating from $b$-quarks, and the presence of boosted, hadronically decaying top quarks and Higgs bosons reconstructed as large-radius jets, characteristic of signal events. No significant excess above the Standard Model expectation is observed, and 95% CL upper limits are set on the production cross sections for the different signal processes considered. These cross-section limits are used to derive lower limits on the mass of a vector-like $T$ quark under several branching ratio hypotheses assuming contributions from $T \rightarrow Wb$, $Zt$, $Ht$ decays. The 95% CL observed lower limits on the $T$ quark mass range between 0.99 TeV and 1.43 TeV for all possible values of the branching ratios into the three decay modes considered, significantly extending the reach beyond that of previous searches. Additionally, upper limits on anomalous four-top-quark production are set in the context of an effective field theory model, as well as in an universal extra dimensions model.
description: 66 pages in total, author list starting page 49, 20 figures, 9 tables, submitted to JHEP. All figures including auxiliary figures are available at https://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/EXOT-2016-13/
Virasoro Representations on Fusion Graphs
Creators: name: Kellendonk, J.
name: Recknagel, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1992
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For any non-unitary model with central charge c(2,q) the path spaces associated to a certain fusion graph are isomorphic to the irreducible Virasoro highest weight modules.
description: 9 pages (2 Figures not included), Bonn-HE-92-22
Fault-tolerant quantum computation against biased noise
Creators: name: Aliferis, Panos
name: Preskill, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We formulate a scheme for fault-tolerant quantum computation that works effectively against highly biased noise, where dephasing is far stronger than all other types of noise. In our scheme, the fundamental operations performed by the quantum computer are single-qubit preparations, single-qubit measurements, and conditional-phase (CPHASE) gates, where the noise in the CPHASE gates is biased. We show that the accuracy threshold for quantum computation can be improved by exploiting this noise asymmetry; e.g., if dephasing dominates all other types of noise in the CPHASE gates by four orders of magnitude, we find a rigorous lower bound on the accuracy threshold higher by a factor of five than for the case of unbiased noise.
description: 9 pages, 11 figures. (v3): minor revisions
Understanding the nucleation mechanisms of Carbon Nanotubes in catalytic Chemical Vapor Deposition
Creators: name: Amara, Hakim
name: Bichara, Christophe
name: Ducastelle, François
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nucleation of carbon caps on small nickel clusters is studied using a tight binding model coupled to grand canonical Monte Carlo simulations. It takes place in a well defined carbon chemical potential range, when a critical concentration of surface carbon atoms is reached. The solubility of carbon in the outermost Ni layers, that depends on the initial, crystalline or disordered, state of the catalyst and on the thermodynamic conditions, is therefore a key quantity to control the nucleation.
Biophysics of Encapsidated DNA States in Viruses and their Role for Infectivity
Creators: name: Liu, Ting
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Viruses typically consist of three fundamental components, a genetic material, either DNA or RNA; a protein shell, termed as the capsid; and in the case of many eukaryotic viruses, a third part made of lipid-coat and glycoproteins, known as the envelope. Viral replication cycles start with the delivery of its genetic material into the host cell cytoplasm or nucleoplasm, thus viral infectivity largely depends on its ability to: (i) effectively and efficiently translocate the genome into the host and (ii) protect its genome prior to infection and between rounds of replication. The main goal of this doctoral thesis is to understand how viral particles regulate its infectivity through altering its genome’s physical states under different conditions, i.e. temperatures, ionic strength, osmotic pressure. First, it was investigated that ejection of genome into its host is controlled by encapsidated genome states. In many double-stranded DNA bacterial viruses and herpesviruses, the tightly packaged and highly condensed DNA molecule is trapped in a glassy state with restricted molecular motion. The viral genome undergoes a solid-to-fluid-like disordering transition to increase its mobility or fluidity, which facilitates genome release. Second, it was shown that this structural transition strongly depends on physical parameters such osmotic pressure, temperature and ionic condition. Thus viral particle only gains the infectivity under right physical surroundings. There is striking evidence that the intra-capsid DNA transition can be switched “on” and “off” by mimicking those medium conditions optimized and non-optimized in vivo. All work in the first two steps was done on bacteriophages or type-1 herpes simplex virus (HSV-1) and viral DNA ejection was triggered by incubation with purified portal-binding receptor proteins or portal-targeted trypsin solutions. Last, the idea of tuning viral DNA states by physical parameters was applied to an advanced system reconstituted with isolated cellular nuclei and cytosol, in which HSV-1 were shown be docked onto nuclear membrane through nuclear pore complexes (NPC). DNA translocation into nucleoplasm was effectively inhibited by increasing osmotic pressure in the surrounding solution. These experiments entailed quantifying t he thermodynamics of DNA ejections from viral particles via calorimetric assays, structural studies of viral genome states via solution smallangle x-ray scattering, visualizing and quantifying DNA translocation process via fluorescence and electron microscopy imaging, in combination with real-time quantitative PCR methods. Results of these studies shed light on how viral particles regulate its genome iinfectivity and stability, as references for broadspectrum anti-viral medicine research and development.
Irrationality of motivic zeta functions
Creators: name: Larsen, Michael
name: Lunts, Valery
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14G10 (Primary) 11F80, 14F42, 14K15 (Secondary)

description: Let $K_0(\mathrm{Var}_{\mathbb{Q}})[1/\mathbb{L}]$ denote the Grothendieck ring of $\mathbb{Q}$-varieties with the Lefschetz class inverted. We show that there exists a K3 surface X over $\mathbb{Q}$ such that the motivic zeta function $ζ_X(t) := \sum_n [\mathrm{Sym}^n X]t^n$ regarded as an element in $K_0(\mathrm{Var}_{\mathbb{Q}})[1/\mathbb{L}][[t]]$ is not a rational function in $t$, thus disproving a conjecture of Denef and Loeser.
description: 25 pages
Green-Schwarz Formulation of Self-Dual Superstring
Creators: name: Siegel, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1992
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The self-dual superstring has been described previously in a Neveu-Schwarz-Ramond formulation with local N=2 or 4 world-sheet supersymmetry. We present a Green-Schwarz-type formulation, with manifest spacetime supersymmetry.
description: 11 pg., (uuencoded dvi file) ITP-SB-92-53
B=1 Soliton of the Nambu - Jona-Lasinio model in medium}
Creators: name: Christov, Chr. V.
name: Goeke, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The solitonic sector of the Nambu - Jona-Lasinio model with baryon number one is solved in the presence of an external medium. The calculations fully include the polarization of both the Dirac sea and the medium as well as the Pauli blocking effect. We found that with an increasing density the medium destabilizes the soliton. At finite medium density the soliton mass gets reduced whereas the mean square baryon radius shows an increase - a swelling of the soliton. At some critical density of about two times nuclear matter density there is no localized solution - the soliton disappears.
description: PHYSTEX, 14 pages, 5 figures (available upon request), Preprint RUB-TPII-26/92
Lettre de Esprit-Claude-François Calvet à Jean-François Séguier, 1761-06-22
Creators: name: Calvet, Esprit-Claude-François
name: Esprit-Claude-François Calvet
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2021
Subjects: Numismatique

description: [transcription] Avignon le 22 juin 1761.

Monsieur

Je prends la liberté de vous consulter sur deux médailles qui me tiennent depuis longtemps indécis, j’ay cru devoir vous les mettre sous les yeux et je prie M. Roustan médecin de vouloir bien vous les faire parvenir avec ma lettre. La première de Claude qui est d’une espèce de Potin m’avait toujours paru fausse, je la rebutais dans toutes les occasions, cependant un examen plus réfléchi de la médaille, la vue de plusieurs pièces de même âge et de même fabrique, le sentiment de quelques antiquaires qui la soutiennent antique, enfin l’allure seule qui souvent est d’un grand poids pour un curieux, tout cela me fait douter aujourd’huy et j’ay besoin d’une décision comme la vôtre. Je vous prie de vouloir bien me marquer positivement ce qu’on doit penser de l’antiquité de ces sortes de médailles qui d’ailleurs nous tombent souvent sous la main. En cas de fausseté je vous prie de m’apprendre quel est le faussaire à qui on a coutume de les attribuer. La seconde est décidée antique mais elle ne me fournit pas la moindre conjecture pour son explication. Je crois voir au revers deux Isis l’une à gauche l’autre à droite, celle-ci est visiblement coeffée de son cercle et de ses cornes ordinaires, elles paraissent à genoux, l’objet du milieu me semble Osiris, sa coeffure qu’on dirait être en forme de mitre parait surmontée de deux serpents. Cette pièce doit elle être attribuée aux Egiptiens de cette hautte antiquité? Connaissaient-ils alors l’art de battre monoye, je vous avoue que je n’ay vu e part des pièces qui approchent de celles-ci. Faites-moy la grâce de me dire ce que vous en pensez, et si vous avez vu dans les cabinets des pièces de cette espèce. Je me flatte qu’à ma prière M. Roustan aura la bonté de se charger de votre lettre et de ces médailles lorsque votre loisir vous permettra de me les renvoyer. Je vous demande pardon des peines que je vais vous donner, vous êtes occupé je le sçais, mais ayant besoin de m’instruire je ne vois point de meilleure source dans laquelle je doive puiser.

J’ay l’honneur d’être avec autant d’estime que de respect,

Monsieur

Votre très humble et très obéissant serviteur
Calvet
description: [objet joint à la lettre] Médailles
description: [personnes citées] Roustan
description: Source: [lieu de Conservation] Nîmes, Bibliothèque Carré d'Art [cote]ms. 140, fol. 11-12
description: Source: ark:/12148/btv1b10015185m
MPEC 2025-D219 : 2025 DA15
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2025 DA15

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Enhanced Non-Gaussianity from Excited Initial States
Creators: name: Holman, R.
name: Tolley, Andrew J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the techniques of effective field theory in an expanding universe to examine the effect of choosing an excited inflationary initial state built over the Bunch-Davies state on the CMB bi-spectrum. We find that even for Hadamard states, there are unexpected enhancements in the bi-spectrum for certain configurations in momentum space due to interactions of modes in the early stages of inflation. These enhancements can be parametrically larger than the standard ones and are potentially observable in current and future data. These initial state effects have a characteristic signature in $l$-space which distinguishes them from the usual contributions, with the enhancement being most pronounced for configurations corresponding to flattened triangles for which two momenta are collinear.
description: 33 pages, 1 figure. Refs added and minor additions
Nanoscale Surface Dynamics of Bi$_2$Te$_3$(111): Observation of a Prominent Surface Acoustic Wave and the Role of van der Waals Interactions
Creators: name: Tamtögl, Anton
name: Campi, Davide
name: Bremholm, Martin
name: Hedegaard, Ellen M. J.
name: Iversen, Bo B.
name: Bianchi, Marco
name: Hofmann, Philip
name: Marzari, Nicola
name: Benedek, Giorgio
name: Ellis, John
name: Allison, William
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a combined experimental and theoretical study of the surface vibrational modes of the topological insulator Bi$_2$Te$_3$. Using high-resolution helium-3 spin-echo spectroscopy we are able to resolve the acoustic phonon modes of Bi$_2$Te$_3$(111). The low energy region of the lattice vibrations is mainly dominated by the Rayleigh mode which has been claimed to be absent in previous experimental studies. The appearance of the Rayleigh mode is consistent with previous bulk lattice dynamics studies as well as theoretical predictions of the surface phonon modes. Density functional perturbation theory calculations including van der Waals corrections are in excellent agreement with the experimental data. Comparison of the experimental results with theoretically obtained values for films with a thickness of several layers further demonstrate, that for an accurate theoretical description of three-dimensional topological insulators with their layered structure the inclusion of van der Waals corrections is essential. The presence of a prominent surface acoustic wave and the contribution of van der Waals bonding to the lattice dynamics may hold important implications for the thermoelectric properties of thin-film and nanoscale devices.
Instabilities at vicinal crystal surfaces - competition between the electromigration of the adatoms and the kinetic memory effect
Creators: name: Ranguelov, Bogdan
name: Stoyanov, Stoyan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We studied the step dynamics during sublimation and growth in the presence of electromigration force acting on the adatoms. In the limit of fast surface diffusion and slow kinetics of atom attachment-detachment at the steps we formulate a model free of the quasi-static approximation in the calculation of the adatom concentration on the terraces. Numerical integration of the equations for the time evolution of the adatom concentrations and the equations of step motion reveals two different step bunching instabilities: 1) step density waves (small bunches which do not manifest any coarsening) induced by the kinetic memory effect and 2) step bunching with coarsening when the dynamics is dominated by the electromigration. The model developed in this paper also provides very instructive illustrations of the Popkov-Krug dynamical phase transition during sublimation and growth of a vicinal crystal surface.
description: 15 pages, 6 figures
A Markov Model of Slice Admission Control
Creators: name: Han, Bin
name: Feng, Di
name: Schotten, Hans D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The emerging feature of network slicing in future Fifth Generation (5G) networks calls for efficient slice management. Recent studies have been focusing on the mechanism of slice admission control, which functions in a manner of state machine. This paper proposes a general state model for synchronous slice admission control, and proves it to be Markovian under a set of weak constraints. An analytical approximation of the state transition matrix to reduce computational complexity in practical applications is also proposed and evaluated.
description: Accepted by IEEE Networking Letters on Aug.30.2018
Quantum Affine Symmetry as Generalized Supersymmetry
Creators: name: LeClair, A.
name: Vafa, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1992
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quantum affine $\CU_q (\hat{sl(2)}) $ symmetry is studied when $q^2$ is an even root of unity. The structure of this algebra allows a natural generalization of N=2 supersymmetry algebra. In particular it is found that the momentum operators $P ,\bar{P}$, and thus the Hamiltonian, can be written as generalized multi-commutators, and can be viewed as new central elements of the algebra $\CU_q (\hat{sl(2)})$. We show that massive particles in (deformations of) integer spin representions of $sl(2)$ are not allowed in such theories. Generalizations of Witten's index and Bogomolnyi bounds are presented and a preliminary attempt in constructing manifestly $\CU_q (\hat{sl(2)})$ invariant actions as generalized supersymmetric Landau-Ginzburg theories is made.
description: 45 pages
Nucleon Properties and Restoration of Chiral Symmetry at Finite\nl Density and Temperature in an Effective Theory
Creators: name: Christov, Chr. V.
name: Arriola, E. Ruiz
name: Goeke, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Modifications of baryon properties due to the restoration of the chiral symmetry in an external hot and dense baryon medium are investigated in an effective chiral quark-meson theory. The nucleon arises as a soliton of the Gell-Mann - Lévi $\zs$-model, the parameters of which are chosen to be the medium-modified meson values evaluated within the Nambu - Jona-Lasinio model. The nucleon properties are obtained by means of variational projection techniques. The nucleon form factors as well as the nucleon delta transition form factors are evaluated for various densities and temperatures of the medium. Similar to the chiral phase transition line the critical curve in the $T-\zr$ plane for delocalization of the nucleon is non-monotonic and this feature is reflected in all nucleon properties. At medium densities of about $(2-3) \rnm$ the baryonic phase exists only at intermediate temperatures. For finite temperature and densities the nucleon form factors get strongly reduced at finite transfer momenta.
description: PHYSTEX, 14 pages, (11 figures available upon request), Nucl.Phys.A (1993)(in print)
Estimates of the baryon densities attainable in heavy-ion collisions from the beam energy scan program
Creators: name: Ivanov, Yu. B.
name: Soldatov, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The baryon and energy densities attained in fragmentation regions in central Au+Au collisions in the energy range of the Beam Energy Scan (BES) program at the Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider (RHIC) are estimated within the model of the three-fluid dynamics. It is shown that a considerable part of the baryon charge is stopped in the central fireball. Even at 39 GeV, approximately 70% of the total baryon charge turns out to be stopped. The fraction of this stopped baryon charge decreases with collision energy rise, from 100% at 7.7 GeV to $\sim$40% at 62 GeV. The highest initial baryon densities of the thermalized matter, $n_B/n_0 \approx$ 10, are reached in the central region of colliding nuclei at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=$ 20--40 GeV. These highest densities develop up to quite moderate freeze-out baryon densities at the midrapidity because the matter of the central fireball is pushed out to fragmentation regions by one-dimensional expansion. Therefore, consequences of these high initial baryon densities can be observed only in the fragmentation regions of colliding nuclei in AFTER@LHC experiments in the fixed-target mode.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures. The article is substantially revised. The version accepted in PRC
Biophysical Modeling and Optimal Control of DNA Amplification
Creators: name: Karthikeyan  Marimuthu
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: 90499 Chemical Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical engineering

description: DNA amplification or the Polymerase Chain Reactions (PCR) is the workhorse of nearly every modern molecular biology laboratory, as well as the burgeoning discipline of personalized medicine. Despite the apparent simplicity of the PCR reaction, the method is often fraught with difficulties that can decrease the cycle efficiency or result in competitive amplification of undesired side products. The focus of this work is to derive an optimal reaction condition for a given PCR using the engineering discipline of control theory that can automatically derive prescriptions for the optimal temperature cycling protocols of a PCR reaction, if a suitable kinetic model exists. We first developed a theoretical model to estimate the sequence and temperature dependent rate parameters of a oligonucleotide hybridization or annealing reaction. Rate constants that were estimated using our model is in good agreement with the experimentally estimated rate constants of the same oligonucleotide hybridization reaction. Using the theory of enzyme processivity the kinetic parameters of enzyme binding and extension reactions were estimated experimentally. Thus, a first sequence-dependent biophysical model for DNA amplification has been developed. It is shown that amplification efficiency is affected by dynamic processes that are not accurately represented in simplified models of DNA amplification that are the basis of conventional temperature cycling protocols. Based on this analysis; a modified temperature protocol that improves the PCR efficiency is suggested. Use of this sequence- dependent kinetic model in a control theoretic framework to determine the optimal dynamic operating conditions of DNA amplification reactions, for any specified amplification objective, is discussed. Using these control systems, we demonstrate that there exists an optimal temperature cycling strategy for geometric amplification of any DNA sequence and formulate optimal control problems that can be used to derive the optimal temperature control. Strategies for the optimal synthesis of the DNA amplification control trajectory are proposed. Analogous methods can be used to formulate control problems for more advanced amplification objectives corresponding to the design of new types of DNA amplification reactions. Finally, a PCR optimal control problem is solved and an optimal temperature control that maximizes the desired DNA concentration as well as minimizes the total reaction is obtained.
Testing Reionization with Gamma Ray Burst Absorption Spectra
Creators: name: Gallerani, S.
name: Salvaterra, R.
name: Ferrara, A.
name: Choudhury, T. Roy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose to study cosmic reionization using absorption line spectra of high-redshift Gamma Ray Burst (GRB) afterglows. We show that the statistics of the dark portions (gaps) in GRB absorption spectra represent exquisite tools to discriminate among different reionization models. We then compute the probability to find the largest gap in a given width range [Wmax, Wmax + dW] at a flux threshold Fth for burst afterglows at redshifts 6.3 < z < 6.7. We show that different reionization scenarios populate the (Wmax, Fth) plane in a very different way, allowing to distinguish among different reionization histories. We provide here useful plots that allow a very simple and direct comparison between observations and model results. Finally, we apply our methods to GRB 050904 detected at z = 6.29. We show that the observation of this burst strongly favors reionization models which predict a highly ionized intergalactic medium at z~6, with an estimated mean neutral hydrogen fraction xHI = 6.4 \pm 0.3 \times 10^-5 along the line of sight towards GRB 050904.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, revised to match the accepted version; major change: gap statistics is now studied in terms of the flux threshold Fth, instead of the observed J-band flux FJ; MNRAS in press
Vibration-induced correction to the current through a single molecule
Creators: name: Egger, R.
name: Gogolin, A. O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide analytical results for the perturbative correction to the current-voltage relation through a vibrating molecule for weak electron-phonon coupling. The nonlinear conductance exhibits a step-like feature at $eV=\hbar ω_0$, where $ω_0$ is the vibration frequency. We establish criteria for the sign change of the step in the conductance (up or down). This transition turns out to be nonuniversal and is governed by essentially all system parameters.
description: 4 pages, no figures, to appear in PRB, published version
W-symmetry in Conformal Field Theory
Creators: name: Bouwknegt, P.
name: Schoutens, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1992
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review various aspects of $\cW$-algebra symmetry in two-dimensional conformal field theory and string theory. We pay particular attention to the construction of $\cW$-algebras through the quantum Drinfeld-Sokolov reduction and through the coset construction.
description: 137 pages (Corrections in Chapter 7 where some incorrect formulas were taken out, see `Note added' for Comments.)
Collider Tests of the Renormalizable Coloron Model
Creators: name: Bai, Yang
name: Dobrescu, Bogdan A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The coloron, a massive version of the gluon present in gauge extensions of QCD, has been searched for at the LHC as a dijet or top quark pair resonance. We point out that in the Renormalizable Coloron Model (ReCoM) with a minimal field content to break the gauge symmetry, a color-octet scalar and a singlet scalar are naturally lighter than the coloron because they are pseudo Nambu-Goldstone bosons. Consequently, the coloron may predominantly decay into scalar pairs, leading to novel signatures at the LHC. When the color-octet scalar is lighter than the singlet, or when the singlet mass is above roughly 1 TeV, the signatures consist of multi-jet resonances of multiplicity up to 12, including topologies with multi-prong jet substructure, slightly displaced vertices, and sometimes a top quark pair. When the singlet is the lightest ReCoM boson and lighter than about 1 TeV, its main decays ($W^+W^-$, $γZ$, $ZZ$) arise at three loops. The LHC signatures then involve two or four boosted electroweak bosons, often originating from highly displaced vertices, plus one or two pairs of prompt jets or top quarks.
description: 39 pages, 15 figures, a factor of 2 corrected in Eq. (2.24) for the coloron width into color-octet scalars, with the calculation given in appendix B
Biophysical Characterization of the Dynamic Regulation of Chromatin Structure and Rheology in Human Cell Nuclei
Creators: name: Spagnol, Stephen
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: 90499 Chemical Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical engineering

description: Out of the growing body of evidence demonstrating the role of higher-order chromatin organization within the nucleus in regulating the functions of the linear sequence of DNA emerges the genome as a physical entity. DNA packs into hierarchical levels of chromatin condensation, which then tailor accessibility to the linear sequence for nuclear processes while also serving as a central feature of nuclear organization. Further, varying condensation state alters the physical properties of the chromatin fiber. These may then exert or facilitate forces aiding in the spatial organization within the nucleus. Yet, this complex concept of nuclear structure even neglects the dynamic aspects of the genome continuously fluctuating and undergoing structural remodeling within the nucleus. Thus, while chromatin position within the nucleus is critical for biological functions including transcription, we must reconcile a particular position of a gene locus with the dynamic and physical nature of chromatin. Here we characterize the physical aspects of the genome associated with its dynamic properties that aid in regulation. We focus on developing techniques that measure the evolution of physical properties associated with nuclear processes. We leverage these techniques, capable of quantifying and spatially resolving its structural state within the nucleus and elucidating the underlying physics of its dynamics, to illuminate physical features associated with cellular processes. Specifically, we investigate the nuclear structural changes associated with growth factor stimulation on primary human cells known to impact large scale gene expression pathways. We also demonstrate dysfunction associated with these physical mechanisms accompany disease pathologies. Thus, we unify the biological understanding of cellular processes within the context of physical features of genome structure, organization and dynamics that are critical to human health and disease.
title: Relationships between low-temperature fires, climate and vegetation during three late glacials and interglacials of the last 430 kyr in northeastern Siberia reconstructed from monosaccharide anhydrides in Lake El’gygytgyn sediments
Creators: name: Dietze, Elisabeth
name: Mangelsdorf, Kai
name: Andreev, Andreev
name: Karger, Cornelia
name: Schreuder, Laura T.
name: Hopmans, Ellen C.
name: Rach, Oliver
name: Sachse, Dirk
name: Wennrich, Volker
name: Herzschuh, Ulrike
Publisher: name: Universität Potsdam
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: 550 Geowissenschaften

description: Landscapes in high northern latitudes are assumed to be highly sensitive to future global change, but the rates and long-term trajectories of changes are rather uncertain. In the boreal zone, fires are an important factor in climate-vegetation interactions and biogeochemical cycles. Fire regimes are characterized by small, frequent, low-intensity fires within summergreen boreal forests dominated by larch, whereas evergreen boreal forests dominated by spruce and pine burn large areas less frequently but at higher intensities. Here, we explore the potential of the monosaccharide anhydrides (MA) levoglucosan, mannosan and galactosan to serve as proxies of low-intensity biomass burning in glacial-to-interglacial lake sediments from the high northern latitudes. We use sediments from Lake El'gygytgyn (cores PG 1351 and ICDP 5011-1), located in the far north-east of Russia, and study glacial and interglacial samples of the last 430?kyr (marine isotope stages 5e, 6, 7e, 8, 11c and 12) that had different climate and biome configurations. Combined with pollen and non-pollen palynomorph records from the same samples, we assess how far the modern relationships between fire, climate and vegetation persisted during the past, on orbital to centennial timescales. We find that MAs attached to particulates were well-preserved in up to 430 kyr old sediments with higher influxes from low-intensity biomass burning in interglacials compared to glacials. MA influxes significantly increase when summergreen boreal forest spreads closer to the lake, whereas they decrease when tundra-steppe environments and, especially, Sphagnum peatlands spread. This suggests that low-temperature fires are a typical characteristic of Siberian larch forests also on long timescales. The results also suggest that low-intensity fires would be reduced by vegetation shifts towards very dry environments due to reduced biomass availability, as well as by shifts towards peatlands, which limits fuel dryness. In addition, we observed very low MA ratios, which we interpret as high contributions of galactosan and mannosan from biomass sources other than those currently monitored, such as the moss-lichen mats in the understorey of the summergreen boreal forest. Overall, sedimentary MAs can provide a powerful proxy for fire regime reconstructions and extend our knowledge of long-term natural fire-climate-vegetation feedbacks in the high northern latitudes.
description: Zweitveröffentlichungen der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe; 1439
Unique continuation results for Ricci curvature and applications
Creators: name: Anderson, Michael T.
name: Herzlich, Marc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Unique continuation results are proved for metrics with prescribed Ricci curvature in the setting of bounded metrics on compact manifolds with boundary, and in the setting of complete, conformally compact metrics. Related to this issue, an isometry extension property is proved: continuous groups of isometries at conformal infinity extend into the bulk of any complete conformally compact Einstein metric. Relations of this property with the invariance of the Gauss-Codazzi constraint equations under deformations are also discussed.
description: 32 pages, supercedes math.DG/0501067; final published version
Lead and cadmium contents in the soil around the non-ferrous metals smelter "Miasteczko Śląskie"
Creators: name: Sierka, Edyta
name: Palowski, Bernard
name: Kimsa, Tadeusz
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2000

description: Sierka E., Palowski B., Kimsa T. (2000). Lead and cadmium contents in the soil around the non-ferrous metals smelter "Miasteczko Śląskie". III Conference on Trace Metals "Effects on organisms and environment", 6-8 June 2000.
Numerical analysis of the Higgs mass triviality bound
Creators: name: Heller, U M.
name: Klomfass, M.
name: Neuberger, H.
name: Vranas, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Previous large $N$ calculations are combined with numerical work at $N=4$ to show that the Minimal Standard Model will describe physics to an accuracy of a few percent up to energies of the order 2 to 4 times the Higgs mass, $M_H$, only if $M_H \le 710\pm60 ~ GeV$. This bound is the result of a systematic search in the space of dimension six operators and is expected to hold in the {\it continuum}. Given that studying the scalar sector in isolation is already an approximation, we believe that our result is sufficiently accurate and that further refinements would be of progressively diminishing interest to particle physics. Note: The full ps file of this preprint is also available via anonymous ftp to ftp.scri.fsu.edu. To get the ps file, ftp to this address and use for username "anonymous" and for password your name. The file is in the directory pub/vranas (to go to that directory type: cd pub/vranas) and is called num_hig.ps (to get it type: get num_hig.ps)
description: 22 pages with 10 ps figures included. Tex file. FSU-SCRI-93-29, CU-TP-590, RU-93-06
Experimental validation of phase space conduits of transition between potential wells
Creators: name: Ross, Shane D.
name: BozorgMagham, Amir E.
name: Naik, Shibabrat
name: Virgin, Lawrence N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A phase space boundary between transition and non-transition, similar to those observed in chemical reaction dynamics, is shown experimentally in a macroscopic system. We present a validation of the phase space flux across rank one saddles connecting adjacent potential wells and confirm the underlying phase space conduits that mediate the transition. Experimental regions of transition are found to agree with the theory to within 1\%, suggesting the robustness of phase space conduits of transition in a broad array of two or more degree of freedom experimental systems, despite the presence of small dissipation.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures
title: ADCO, Premier cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (XIIe siècle), Cart. 21 (G 125), 71 folios, f. 00122
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CG21/F.PETOT/2015
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris
subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge
subject: cartulaire
subject: LaMOP

description: Premier cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (XIIe siècle), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 21 (G 125), 71 folios, f. 00122, Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Premier cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (XIIe siècle), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 21 (G 125), 71 folios, f. 00122, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https://manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: abbaye Saint-Étienne de Dijon
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q15945019
Revisiting the Birkhoff theorem from a dual null point of view
Creators: name: Maciel, Alan
name: Delliou, Morgan Le
name: Mimoso, José P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Birkhoff theorem is a well-known result in general relativity and it is used in many applications. However, its most general version, due to Bona, is almost unknown and presented in a form less accessible to the relativist and cosmologist community. Moreover, many wield it mistakenly as a simple transposition of Newton's iron sphere theorem. In the present work, we propose a modern, dual null, presentation --- useful in many explorations, including black holes --- of the theorem that renders accessible most of the results of Bona's version. In addition, we discuss the fluid contents admissible for the application of the theorem, beyond a vacuum, and we demonstrate how the formalism greatly simplifies solving the dynamical equations and allows one to express the solution as a power expansion in $r$. We present a family of solutions that share the properties predicted by the Birkhoff theorem and discuss the existence of trapped and antitrapped regions. The formalism manifestly shows how the type of region --- trapped or untrapped --- determines the character of the Killing vector.
description: 10 pages. The version published on PRD