cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Inverse design of focused vector beams for mode excitation in optical nanoantennas
Creators: name: Zang, Xiaorun
name: Friberg, Ari T.
name: Setälä, Tero
name: Turunen, Jari
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a free-space, inverse design of nanostructure's effective mode-matching fields via a backward propagation of tightly focused vector beams to the pupil plane of an aplanatic system of high numerical aperture. First, we study the nanostructure's eigenmodes without considering any excitation fields and then extract the modal near fields in the focal plane. Each modal field is then taken as the desired focal field, the band-limited waves of which are backward propagated to the pupil plane via a reversal of the Richards--Wolf vector diffraction formula. The pupil fields can be designed to be genuinely paraxial by associating the longitudinal electric/magnetic field component with the radial one on the reference sphere. The inversely designed pupil field in turn is propagated forwardly into the focal region to generate the designed focal field, whose distribution over the nanostructure's surface is used to evaluate the overlap between the designed focal field and the modal fields, i.e., the modal expansion coefficients. Studies for a silicon nanodisk monomer, dimer, and tetramer demonstrate the ability of our inverse approach to design the necessary tightly focused vector field that can effectively and exclusively match a certain eigenmode of interest. Compared with the forward beam-shaping method, the inverse design approach tends to yield quantitatively more precise mode-matching field profiles. This work can have a significant impact on optical applications that rely on controllable and tunable mode excitation and light scattering.
description: 12 pages, 9 figures
Additional file 1 of Care team and practice-level implementation strategies to optimize pediatric collaborative care: study protocol for a cluster-randomized hybrid type III trial
Creators: name: Kolko, David J.
name: McGuier, Elizabeth A.
name: Turchi, Renee
name: Thompson, Eileen
name: Iyengar, Satish
name: Smith, Shawna N.
name: Hoagwood, Kimberly
name: Liebrecht, Celeste
name: Bennett, Ian M.
name: Powell, Byron J.
name: Kelleher, Kelly
name: Silva, Maria
name: Kilbourne, Amy M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: SPIRIT 2013 Checklist, CONSORT 2010 Checklist, and TIDierR Checklist.
Geometrical formulation and traveltime computation in heterogeneous layered media
Creators: name: Li, Xingong
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2008

description: This thesis deals with the subject of seismic traveltime computation. The velocity field is represented by an arbitrary distribution of rectangular or square cells. The cells with an interface crossed are represented by two non-rectangular cells. Each cell is assigned a constant velocity. A geometrical approach is presented to construct the Vidale formula (Vidale, 1988) and the linear traveltime interpolation, LTI, formulae (Matsuoka et al., 1990; Asakawa and Kawanaka, 1991; Podvin and Lecomte, 1991; Schneider et al., 1992). The geometrical construction allows an easy visualization of the principles which underlie both the Vidale and the LTI methods. From this geometrical point of view, subdividing the cell boundary into smaller segments (the subdivided LTI, or the SLTI method) improves the approximation of the plane wave assumption and hence, improves the resulting accuracy. A new approach is developed to calculate the traveltimes for a heterogeneous model with interfaces. The algorithm involves three steps: 1. The discretization of the velocity field using square or rectangular cells. For cells on an interface, each cell is divided into two secondary non-rectangular cells. The two non-rectangular cells are assigned different velocities, so that even an interface with a large contrast in velocities can be modelled. 2. The calculation of traveltimes at the interface locations. 3. The computation of the reflection traveltimes and the transmission traveltimes by expanding the wave fronts from the interface points upwards and downwards from the interface. The principles used in this approach are Fermat's principle and Huygens' principle. The known grid points or interface points are treated as secondary sources and the traveltimes at the points within a cell are calculated and revised by finding the shortest traveltimes from the known points. Because of the special consideration given to the interface cells, the new approach is found to be more accurate than the Vidale and the LTI approaches. With respect to reflection traveltime computation, the new algorithm calculates the reflection traveltimes for all the receiving points at the same time and is, consequently, faster than the reciprocity principle method (Matsuoka and Ezaka, 1991; Podvin and Lecomte 1991). Various examples using the algorithm are presented. Model experiments show that the computation errors are smaller in a high velocity field than in a low velocity field. The rectangular grid is tested by increasing the vertical sampling rate of the square grid by a factor of two. The results show that computational errors decrease in the horizontal direction and increase in the vertical direction.
Measuring AI Accuracy with the AI Robustness (AIR) Tool
Creators: name: Cohen, Julie
name: Gates, Linda Parker
name: Konrad, Michael
name: Ludwick, Melissa
name: Mellinger, Andrew
name: Garcia-Miller, Suzanne
name: Nolan, Crisanne
name: Shepard, David
name: Testa, Nicholas
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2024
Subjects: Software Engineering

description: Understanding and evaluating your artificial intelligence (AI) system’s predictions can be challenging. AI and machine learning (ML) classifiers are subject to limitations caused by a variety of factors, including concept or data drift, edge cases, the natural uncertainty of ML training outcomes, and emerging phenomena unaccounted for in training data. These types of factors can lead to bias in a classifier’s predictions, compromising decisions made based on those predictions. The SEI has developed a new AI robustness (AIR) tool to help programs better understand and improve their AI classifier performance. In this blog post, we explain how the AIR tool works, provide an example of its use, and invite you to work with us if you want to use the AIR tool in your organization.
8 - Meeting the Challenge, Overcoming the Odds: Harvard Student Panel
Creators: name: Gauchupin, Marcella
name: Wilson, Alexandria
name: Lee, Andrew
name: Hernandez, Nintachia
Publisher: name: Canadian Journal of Native Education
Year: 2021

description: The panel was introduced by James Lamouche, President of University of Alberta Aboriginal Student Council and includes Marcella Gauchupin, Alexandria Wilson, Andrew Lee, and Nintachia Hernandez.
description: Canadian Journal of Native Education, Vol. 21 (1995): Supplement
The multi elliptic-localized solutions and their asymptotic behaviors for the mKdV equation
Creators: name: Ling, Liming
name: Sun, Xuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We mainly construct and analyze the multi elliptic-localized solutions under the background of elliptic function solutions for the focusing modified Korteweg-de Vries (mKdV) equation. Based on the Darboux-Bäcklund transformation, we provide a uniform expression for these solutions by the Jacobi theta functions. The asymptotic behaviors of multi elliptic-localized solutions are provided directly in two categories. By the consistent asymptotic expression of those solutions, we obtain that the collisions between the elliptic-breathers/solitons are elastic. Moreover, a sufficient condition of the strictly elastic collision between the solitons and breathers has been given by the symmetric analysis. In addition, as $k\rightarrow0^{+}$, the multi elliptic-localized solutions degenerate into solitons, breathers or soliton-breather solutions, which implies that we extend the solutions from the constant and vanishing backgrounds to the periodic solutions backgrounds. Moreover, we illustrate figures of the multi elliptic-localized solutions to visualize the above analysis.
description: 37 pages, 15 figures
Dynamics of a magnetized Bianchi I universe with vacuum energy
Creators: name: King, Emma J.
name: Coles, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We make use of a flat, axisymmetric Bianchi I metric to investigate the effects of a magnetic field upon the dynamics of the universe for the case in which the accompanying fluid is a cosmological constant and derive two exact solutions to the dynamical equations for this situation. We examine the behaviour of the scale factor perpendicular and parallel to the field lines, A(t) and W(t) respectively, and find the expected behaviour. The field has the strongest effect when A(t) is small, decelerating collapse perpendicular to the field lines, due to magnetic pressure, and accelerating collapse along the field lines, due to magnetic tension, while the vacuum energy dominates at late time, driving accelerated expansion.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures. Added references, corrected equations & extended discussion. To be published in CQG
Quasinormal modes of charged fermions in linear dilaton black hole spacetime: Exact frequencies
Creators: name: Sakalli, İzzet
name: Hyusein, Gülnihal Tokgöz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study charged massless fermionic perturbations in the background of $4$-dimensional linear dilaton black holes in Einstein-Maxwell-dilaton theory with double Liouville-type potentials. We present the analytical fermionic quasinormal modes, whose Dirac equations are solved in terms of hypergeometric functions. We also discuss the stability of these black holes under the charged fermionic perturbations.
description: 16 pages; 2 Figures: Accepted for publication in TURKISH JOURNAL OF PHYSICS
Commitment and Diffusion: How and Why National Constitutions Incorporate International Law
Creators: name: Elkins, Zachary
name: Ginsburg, Tom
name: Chernykh, Svitlana
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2008
Subjects: democracy
diffusion
constitution

description: Drafters of new constitutions face a bewildering array of choices as they seek to design stable and workable political institutions for their societies. One such set of choices concerns the status of interna- tional law in the domestic legal order. In a global era, with an ex- panding array of customary and treaty norms purporting to regulate formerly domestic behavior, this question takes on political salience. This paper seeks to describe the phenomenon of constitutional incor- poration of international law in greater detail and provide a prelimi- nary empirical test of the competing explanations for it. First, the dis- cussion focuses on the concepts of monism and dualism, which have become conventional terms used by lawyers to describe the interac- tion of domestic and international legal systems. Second, a theory of commitments as well as the advantages and disadvantages of interna- tional law are set forth. Third, empirical implications are developed for the precommitment and diffusion theories, which are then tested. Findings show that adopting international law is a useful strategy for democracies to lock in particular policies, encourage trust in govern- ments and state regimes, and bolster global reputations.
A Comparative Analysis of Gibrat’s and Zipf’s Law on Urban Population
Creators: name: Modica, Marco
name: Reggiani, Aura
name: Nijkamp, Peter
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2015
Subjects: SECS-P/02 Politica economica

description: The regional economics and geography literature on urban population size has in recent years shown interesting
conceptual and methodological contributions on the validity of Gibrat’s Law and Zipf’s Law. Despite distinct
modeling features, they express similar fundamental characteristics in an equilibrium situation. Zipf’s law is formalized in a static form, while its associated dynamic process is articulated by Gibrat’s Law. Thus, it is likely that both Zipf’s Law and Gibrat’s Law share a common root. Unfortunately, empirical investigations on the direct relationship between Gibrat’s Law and Zipf’s Law are rather rare and not conclusive.
The present paper aims to answer the question whether (a generalisation of) Gibrat’s Law allows us to infer Zipf’s Law, and vice versa? In our conceptual and applied framework, particular attention will be paid to the role
of the mean and the variance of city population as key indicators for assessing the (non-) validity of the
generalised Gibrat’s Law.
Our empirical experiments are based on a comparative analysis between the dynamics of the urban population of
four countries with entirely mutually contrasting spatial-economic and geographic characteristics: Botswana, Germany, Hungary and Luxembourg. We arrive at the following results: if (i) the mean is independent of city size (first necessary condition of Gibrat’s law) and (ii) the coefficient of the rank-size rule/Zipf’s Law is different from one, then the variance is dependent on city size.
“Non nel mercato!” Tutela della qualità nei repository.
Creators: name: Castellucci, Paola
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2015
Subjects: M-STO/08 Archivistica, bibliografia e biblioteconomia

description: Il Movimento per l’accesso aperto ha promosso una politica dell’informazione attenta sia ai diritti di inclusione dei lettori sia agli standard di qualità dei contenuti disciplinari. Per ottenere questo difficile bilanciamento ha dovuto ripensare le politiche editoriali che da secoli disciplinano il “mercato” del sapere. Vengono proposti alcuni casi di studio (arXiv, CogPrints, RePEc, PubMed, CiteSeer)
Αξιολόγηση της αποτελεσματικότητας των χειρουργικών επεμβάσεων για το ροχαλητό και την αποφρακτική υπνική άπνοια βάσει της μελέτης ύπνου
Creators: name: Πετρίδης, Δημήτριος Γ.
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2008
Subjects: Φαρυγγοπλαστική
Πολυκαταγραφή ύπνου
Pharyngoplasty
Polysomnography

description: Προοπτική μελέτη 82 ασθενών που αντιμετωπίσθηκαν για σύνδρομο υπνικής άπνοιας. Οι 62 υπεβλήθηκαν σε χειρουργική αντιμετώπιση στο ανώτερο αναπνευστικό με πολυκαταγραφικές μελέτες ύπνου προεγχειρητικά αλλά και μετεγχειρητικά(3-6 μήνες και >2 ετών μετεγχειρητικά). Το ίδιο υπέστησαν και οι 20 συντηρητικά αντιμετωπισθέντες ασθενείς. Τα αποτελέσματα υπεβλήθησαν σε εκτενή στατιστική ανάλυση σχετικά με πολλαπλούς παράγοντες προδιάθεσης της απνοϊκής νόσου και τα μακροχρόνια χειρουργικά αποτελέσματα συζητήθηκαν στα πλαίσια των τάσεων της διεθνούς βιβλιογραφίας
description: This prospective study analyzes the polysomnographic data of a group of 82 patients who were treated for obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Surgery was performed on 62 patients and sleep studies were performed pre-operatively and at short-term(3-6 months) aqnd long-term(>2 years) follow-up. Twenty patients were treated conservatively and folowed up. Results underwent extensive statistical analysis V.A.V. several of surgery were discussed in the context of current trends in literature
Επίδραση του φυλλικού οξέος στο πάχος του εσω-μέσω χιτώνα των καρωτίδων
Creators: name: Ντάϊος, Γεώργιος Κ.
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2008
Subjects: Ομοκυστεϊνη
Καρδιαγγειακός κίνδυνος
Καρωτίδες
Homocysteine
Cardiovascular risk
Corotid artery

description: Σκοπός: η μελέτη της επίδρασης του φυλλικού οξέος στο πάχος του έσω-μέσου χιτώνα των καρωτίδων(ΙΜΤ) σε ασθενείς με τουλάχιστον ένα παράγοντα καρδιαγγειακού κινδύνου. Υλικό-μέθοδοι: μελετήθηκαν 103 άτομα που τυχαιοποιήθηκαν σε δύο ομάδες, η πρώτη ομάδα(53 ασθενείς) ετέθη σε αγωγή με 5mg φυλλικού οξέος ημερησίως, ενώ στη δεύτερη ομάδα(50 ασθενείς) χορηγήθηκε placebo. Ολοι οι ασθενείς υποβλήθηκαν σε υπερηχογραφικό έλεγχο του ΙΜΤ και μέτρηση του φυλλικού οξέος και της ομοκυστεϊνης ορού κατά την τυχαιοποίηση και μετά από 18 μήνες. Αποτελέσματα: παρατηρήθηκε, α)αύξηση του φυλλικού οξέος κατά 122% στην πρώτη ομάδα και κατά 5,5% στη δεύτερη ομάδα(ρ<0,001), β)μείωση της ομοκυστεϊνης κατά 21,4%. Στην ομάδα και αύξηση κατά 9,5%. Στη δεύτερη ομάδα(ρ<0,001), γ)μείωση του ΙΜΤ κατά 0,028 mm. Στην πρώτη ομάδα και αύξηση κατά 0,0198mm. Στη δεύτερη ομάδα(ρ<0,001). Συμπεράσματα, η χορήγηση φυλλικού οξέος σε δόση 5mg ημερησίως μπορεί να οδηγήσεις σε σημαντική μείωση του πάχους του έσω-μέσου χιτώνα των καρωτίδων μέσα σε 18 μήνες
description: Aim : to study the effect of folic acid on carotid intima-media thickness(IMT) in patients with >1 cardiovascular risk factors. Methods : we studied 103 patients which were randomize in two groups : the first group(n=53) received a daily dose of 5mg folic acid, whereas the second group(n=50) received placebo. All patients were examined by b-mode ultrasound in order to measure IMT. In all patients, serum momocysteine and folic acid were measured. Results : folic acid was increased (+122%) after 18 months in the first group and decreased (-5.5%) in the second group, p<0,001. Homocysteine was decreased(-21,4%)after 18 months in the first group and increased(+9,51%), p<0,001 in the second group. IMT was decreased(-0,028mm) in the first group after 18 months and increased(+0,198mm) in the second group, p<0,001. Conclusion folic acid in a daily dose of 5mg decreases IMT within 18 months
HI studies of the Sculptor group galaxies. VIII. The background galaxies: NGC 24 and NGC 45
Creators: name: Chemin, L.
name: Carignan, C.
name: Drouin, N.
name: Freeman, K. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In order to complete our HI survey of galaxies in the Sculptor group area, VLA observations of NGC 24 and NGC 45 are presented. These two galaxies of similar magnitude M_B ~ -17.4 lie in the background of the Sculptor group and are low surface brightness galaxies, especially NGC 45. The HI distribution and kinematics are regular for NGC 24 while NGC 45 exhibits a kinematical twist of its major axis. A tilted-ring model shows that the position angle of the major axis changes by ~25 degrees. A best-fit model of their mass distribution gives mass-to-light ratios for the stellar disk of 2.5 and 5.2 for NGC 24 and NGC 45 respectively. These values are higher than the ones expected from stellar population synthesis models. Despite the large dark matter contribution, the galaxy mass is still dominated by the stellar component in their very inner regions. These high mass-to-light ratios are typical of what is seen in low surface brightness galaxies and may indicate that, in those galaxies, disks are far from the maximum disk case. The halo parameters derived from the best-fit models are thus lower limits.
description: 23 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication in The Astronomical Journal
Μελέτη της επίδρασης της τροπόσφαιρας στα σήματα GNNS: εφαρμογή στον ευρωπαϊκό χώρο
Creators: name: Κατσουγιαννόπουλος, Συμεών Π.
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2008
Subjects: Γεωδαισία
Ραδιοκύμα
Υστέρηση
Συνάρτηση απεικόνισης
Νευρωνικό δίκτυο
Geodesy
Signal propagation
Neural network
GNSS

description: Αντικείμενο της παρούσας διατριβής είναι η διερεύνηση των επιδράσεων τηςτροπόσφαιρας στα σήματα GNNS. Αν και το σύστημα που βρίσκεται σε πλήρηλειτουργία σήμερα είναι το GPS εντούτοις τα μοντέλα που υπολογίστηκαν μπορούναν χρησιμοποιηθούν και από άλλα συστήματα πλοήγησης με σήματα παραπλήσιαςσυχνότητας (L-band). Μέσα στα πλαίσια της έρευνας αυτής εξετάστηκε αναλυτικά ηδομή και τα χαρακτηριστικά της τροπόσφαιρας ως μέσο διάδοσης των ραδιοκυμάτωνκαι υπολογίστηκε η επίδραση της
description: The aim of the present thesis is to investigate the effects of the earth’s neutral atmosphere in the GNSS signal. Although the GPS is only one in full operation today, the proposed models can be used also by other navigation systems with signal frequencies in L-band. The structure of neutral atmosphere is analyzed in this thesis as means of propagation of radiowaves and were calculated its effect
7 - Honoring Spiritual Knowledge
Creators: name: Wilson, Stan
Publisher: name: Canadian Journal of Native Education
Year: 2021

description: Stan Wilson is Cree fromthe Opaskwayak CreeNation at The Pas, Manitoba. Stan grew up on the trapline with his parentsand his extended family of22. He attended residential school at a time when Indian children were not welcome in the public school system in The Pas. Stan received his doctorate fromthe University of California in Santa Barbara. He has been director of education for his home reserve and forthe Prince Albert Chiefs. He has taught school at all levels and has been aprincipal and a professor in Alaska, Sacramento, andnow at the University of Alberta.
description: Canadian Journal of Native Education, Vol. 21 (1995): Supplement
Principal component analysis - an efficient tool for variable stars diagnostics
Creators: name: Mikulasek, Zdenek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present two diagnostic methods based on ideas of Principal Component Analysis and demonstrate their efficiency for sophisticated processing of multicolour photometric observations of variable objects.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures. Published already
Equalizers in the category of cocomplete cocategories
Creators: name: Keller, Bernhard
name: Manzyuk, Oleksandr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: K-Theory and Homology (math.KT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 18A30, 18A35

description: We prove existence of equalizers in certain categories of cocomplete cocategories. This allows us to complete the proof of the fact that A-infinity functor categories arise as internal Hom-objects in the category of differential graded cocomplete augmented cocategories.
description: 12 pages; added references; an alternative approach sketched; typos corrected
Secure Lossless Compression with Side Information
Creators: name: Gunduz, Deniz
name: Erkip, Elza
name: Poor, H. Vincent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Secure data compression in the presence of side information at both a legitimate receiver and an eavesdropper is explored. A noise-free, limited rate link between the source and the receiver, whose output can be perfectly observed by the eavesdropper, is assumed. As opposed to the wiretap channel model, in which secure communication can be established by exploiting the noise in the channel, here the existence of side information at the receiver is used. Both coded and uncoded side information are considered. In the coded side information scenario, inner and outer bounds on the compression-equivocation rate region are given. In the uncoded side information scenario, the availability of the legitimate receiver's and the eavesdropper's side information at the encoder is considered, and the compression-equivocation rate region is characterized for these cases. It is shown that the side information at the encoder can increase the equivocation rate at the eavesdropper. Hence, the side information at the encoder is shown to be useful in terms of security; this is in contrast with the pure lossless data compression case where side information at the encoder would not help.
description: To appear in the Proceedings of the 2008 IEEE Information Theory Workshop, Porto, Portugal, May 5-9, 2008
Optical Signatures of Circumstellar Interaction in Type IIP Supernovae
Creators: name: Chugai, Nikolai N.
name: Chevalier, Roger A.
name: Utrobin, Victor P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose new diagnostics for circumstellar interaction in Type IIP supernovae by the detection of high velocity (HV) absorption features in Halpha and He I 10830 A lines during the photospheric stage. To demonstrate the method, we compute the ionization and excitation of H and He in supernova ejecta taking into account time-dependent effects and X-ray irradiation. We find that the interaction with a typical red supergiant wind should result in the enhanced excitation of the outer layers of unshocked ejecta and the emergence of corresponding HV absorption, i.e. a depression in the blue absorption wing of Halpha and a pronounced absorption of He I 10830 A at a radial velocity of about -10,000 km/s. We identify HV absorption in Halpha and He I 10830 A lines of SN 1999em and in Halpha of SN 2004dj as being due to this effect. The derived mass loss rate is close to 10^{-6} Msun/yr for both supernovae, assuming a wind velocity 10 km/s. We argue that, in addition to the HV absorption formed in the unshocked ejecta, spectra of SN 2004dj and SN 1999em show a HV notch feature that is formed in the cool dense shell (CDS) modified by the Rayleigh-Taylor instability. The CDS results from both shock breakout and radiative cooling of gas that has passed through the reverse shock wave. The notch becomes dominant in the HV absorption during the late photospheric phase, ~60 d. The wind density deduced from the velocity of the CDS is consistent with the wind density found from the HV absorption produced by unshocked ejecta.
description: 38 pages, 12 figures, ApJ, in press
Analytical description of the coherent structures within the hyperbolic generalization of Burgers equation
Creators: name: Vladimirov, V. A.
name: Kutafina, E. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present new periodic, kink-like and soliton-like travelling wave solutions to the hyperbolic generalization of Burgers equation. To obtain them, we employ the classical and generalized symmetry methods and the ansatz-based approach
description: 12 pages, 8 figures
title: Measuring AI Accuracy with the AI Robustness (AIR) Tool
Creators: name: Cohen, Julie
name: Gates, Linda Parker
name: Konrad, Michael
name: Ludwick, Melissa
name: Mellinger, Andrew
name: Miller, Suzanne
name: Nolan, Crisanne
name: Shepard, David James
name: Testa, Nicholas
Publisher: name: Software Engineering Institute
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/01xqjjn94
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: Understanding your artificial intelligence (AI) system’s predictions can be challenging. In this blog post from the Carnegie Mellon University Software Engineering Institute (SEI), SEI researchers discuss a new tool to help improve classifier performance.
Nanowire metamaterials with extreme optical anisotropy
Creators: name: Elser, Justin
name: Wangberg, Robyn
name: Podolskiy, Viktor A.
name: Narimanov, Evgenii E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study perspectives of nanowire metamaterials for negative-refraction waveguides, high-performance polarizers, and polarization-sensitive biosensors. We demonstrate that the behavior of these composites is strongly influenced by the concentration, distribution, and geometry of the nanowires, derive an analytical description of electromagnetism in anisotropic nanowire-based metamaterials, and explore the limitations of our approach via three-dimensional numerical simulations. Finally, we illustrate the developed approach on the examples of nanowire-based high energy-density waveguides and non-magnetic negative index imaging systems with far-field resolution of one-sixth of vacuum wavelength.
description: Updated version; accepted to Appl.Phys.Lett
Additional file 2 of Care team and practice-level implementation strategies to optimize pediatric collaborative care: study protocol for a cluster-randomized hybrid type III trial
Creators: name: Kolko, David J.
name: McGuier, Elizabeth A.
name: Turchi, Renee
name: Thompson, Eileen
name: Iyengar, Satish
name: Smith, Shawna N.
name: Hoagwood, Kimberly
name: Liebrecht, Celeste
name: Bennett, Ian M.
name: Powell, Byron J.
name: Kelleher, Kelly
name: Silva, Maria
name: Kilbourne, Amy M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2: Supplemental Figure 1. CONSORT Flow Diagram for Primary Care Provider Participants. Supplemental Figure 2. CONSORT Flow Diagram for Caregiver Participants.
QUANTUM ENTANGLEMENT & SPECIAL RELATIVITY CONNECTED WITH EVERYTHING FROM NEUTRONS, DARK MATTER & OCEAN TIDES TO MATRIX MATHS, DARK ENERGY & HIGHER DIMENSIONS
Creators: name: Bartlett, Rodney
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Higher dimensions, neutrons, Mobius strips, quantum spin, Earth's tides, M-sigma, Saturn's moon Enceladus, vector-tensor-scalar geometry, matrix mathematics, gravitational waves, electromagnetic waves, dark matter, dark energy, Wick rotation, Special Relativity, quantum entanglement

description: A few years ago, I first posted these ideas of mine online as preprints and have been developing the details since then. The earliest record I can find about writing on Mobius strips and matrix mathematics in relation to higher dimensions is an article in May 2018 at http://vixra.org/pdf/1805.0073v3.pdf. A couple of days ago, I started thinking deeply about the role of neutrons in atoms. Then yesterday, I saw Karl Kruszelnicki, who's known as Dr. Karl, on TV talking about higher dimensions and neutron decay. This reminded me of my earlier writings - and I put together the present article combining neutrons with Mobius strips, quantum spin, Earth’s tides, M-sigma, Saturn’s moon Enceladus, geometry, matrix mathematics, dark matter, dark energy, and higher dimensions. It also seemed necessary to add thoughts about binary digits, topology, supersymmetry, and Wick rotation’s proposed function in Special Relativity and quantum entanglement.
description: Does the quote "There but for the grace of God go I" cause you to think of Leonardo da Vinci? The quote is attributed to English preacher John Bradford (1510-1555), and was prompted when he saw a group of criminals being led to their executions. Of Leonardo, Wikipedia reports, "He made substantial discoveries in anatomy, civil engineering, geology, optics, and hydrodynamics, but he did not publish his findings and they had no direct influence on subsequent science." I've never been able (after years of trying) to interest a science journal in anything I've written. So, like Leonardo, I "did not publish (my) findings and they (may have) no direct influence on subsequent science." Unlike him, I'm not restricted to print but can publish my crazy, far-out ideas on the Internet. So my mind says "There but for the grace of the Internet go I" when I think of Leonardo da Vinci. Some scientists, even including ones with a Nobel, believe articles aren't worth reading unless they've appeared in a science journal and are written the way those scientists expect. But some of you are open to the unexpected - and I'll trust you, as well as scientists who may not be born yet, to read my ideas and decide if they really are crazy, or merely "outside the scope" (a phrase commonly used by journals) of the early 21st century.
The chiral Anomalous Hall effect in re-entrant AuFe alloys
Creators: name: Fabris, F. Wolff
name: Pureur, P.
name: Schaf, J.
name: Vieira, V. N.
name: Campbell, I. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Hall effect has been studied in a series of AuFe samples in the re-entrant concentration range, as well as in part of the spin glass range. An anomalous Hall contribution linked to the tilting of the local spins can be identified, confirming theoretical predictions of a novel topological Hall term induced when chirality is present. This effect can be understood in terms of Aharonov-Bohm-like intrinsic current loops arising from successive scatterings by canted local spins. The experimental measurements indicate that the chiral signal persists, meaning scattering within the nanoscopic loops remains coherent, up to temperatures of the order of 150 K.
description: 7 pages, 11 eps figures Published version. Minor changes
Additional file 3 of Care team and practice-level implementation strategies to optimize pediatric collaborative care: study protocol for a cluster-randomized hybrid type III trial
Creators: name: Kolko, David J.
name: McGuier, Elizabeth A.
name: Turchi, Renee
name: Thompson, Eileen
name: Iyengar, Satish
name: Smith, Shawna N.
name: Hoagwood, Kimberly
name: Liebrecht, Celeste
name: Bennett, Ian M.
name: Powell, Byron J.
name: Kelleher, Kelly
name: Silva, Maria
name: Kilbourne, Amy M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 3: Supplemental Table 1. Implementation Strategies and Targets by Condition. Supplemental Table 2. Actions for Implementation Strategies Organized by Phase and Condition.
Επίπεδα νευροπεπτιδίου υ και μελανοκορτίνες σε υπερτασιακούς ασθενείς: ο ρόλος της παχυσαρκίας
Creators: name: Μπαλτατζή, Μαρία Σ.
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2008
Subjects: Συμπαθητικό νευρικό σύστημα
Αρτηριακή υπέρταση
Sympathetic nervous system
Arterial hypertension

description: Η παχυσαρκία και η ΑΥ που συνήθως συνυπάρχει, αποτελούν παράγοντες κινδύνου καρδιαγγειακής νόσου. Στους μηχανισμούς διατήρησης της ενεργειακής ισορροπίας, ενέχονται πεπτίδια όπως το ορεξιογόνο ΝΠΥ και η ανορεξιογόνος α-MSH, που ρυθμίζουν την όρεξη και πιθανόν συμμετέχουν μέσω διέγερσης του ΣΝΣ, στην ΑΥ της παχυσαρκίας. Στόχος : ο ρόλος των ΝΡΥ και της α-MSH στην ΑΥ της παχυσαρκίας. Υλικό και Μέθοδος : 160 άτομα κατανεμημένα σε ομάδες, ανάλογα με τον ΔΜΣ σε παχύσαρκους(Π-ΔΜΣ>30), υπέρβαρους(Υ-25
description: Introduction : obesity and hypertension that usually co-exists, are risk factors for cardiovascular disease development. Peptidos like orexigenic NPY and anorexigenic a-MSH contribute in energy balance maintenance by controlling food intake and also probably contribute in obesity indiced hypertension by increasing SNS activity. Aim: the role of NPY and a-MSH in obesity induced hypertension. Methods: 160 individuals divided in 6 groups. According to their BMI, in obese(0-BMI>30), overweight (OW25,BMI<30), Normal Wright(NW BMI<25) and according to their blood pressure in hypertensives(H+) and Normotensives(H-), following JNC-7 instructions. Group 1: NWH+, 2:OWH+, 3:OH+, 4:NWH-, 5:OWH-, 6:OH- NPY, aMSH were calculated with ELISA, statistical analysis was performed by SPSS.15. Results - Conslusions: NPY was statistically significant(SS) increased in group 3 compared to others and in 2 SWS increased compared to 1, 4, 5, 6 and decreased compared to 3. NPY was SS increased in hypertensives with central obesity, but had no relation to heart ECHO. a-MSH had no relation to obesity or hypertension, but was increased in women with central obesity and hypertension and in NWH(+) patients with diastolic disfunction of left ventricle. We concluded that NPY is related to obesity hypertension and more specifically to central obesity and a-MSH is related to diastolic disfunction of left venticle in some hypertensive patients
Black string and velocity frame dragging
Creators: name: Lee, Jungjai
name: Kim, Hyeong-Chan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate velocity frame dragging with the boosted Schwarzschild black string solution and the boosted Kaluza-Klein bubble solution, in which a translational symmetry along the boosted $z$-coordinate is implemented. The velocity frame dragging effect can be nullified by the motion of an observer using the boost symmetry along the $z-$coordinate if it is not compact. However, in spacetime with the compact $z-$coordinate, we show that the effect cannot be removed since the compactification breaks the global Lorentz boost symmetry. As a result, the comoving velocity is dependent on $r$ and the momentum parameter along the $z-$coordinate becomes an observer independent characteristic quantity of the black string and bubble solutions. The dragging induces a spherical ergo-region around the black string.
description: 8 pages, no figure, some corrections
Fault detection, diagnosis and active fault tolerant control for a satellite attitude control system
Creators: name: Baldi, Pietro <1981>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2015
Subjects: ING-INF/04 Automatica

description: Modern control systems are becoming more and more complex and control algorithms more and more sophisticated. Consequently, Fault Detection and Diagnosis (FDD) and Fault Tolerant Control (FTC) have gained central importance over the past decades, due to the increasing requirements of availability, cost efficiency, reliability and operating safety.
This thesis deals with the FDD and FTC problems in a spacecraft Attitude Determination and Control System (ADCS). Firstly, the detailed nonlinear models of the spacecraft attitude dynamics and kinematics are described, along with the dynamic models of the actuators and main external disturbance sources. The considered ADCS is composed of an array of four redundant reaction wheels. A set of sensors provides satellite angular velocity, attitude and flywheel spin rate information. Then, general overviews of the Fault Detection and Isolation (FDI), Fault Estimation (FE) and Fault Tolerant Control (FTC) problems are presented, and the design and implementation of a novel diagnosis system is described. The system consists of a FDI module composed of properly organized model-based residual filters, exploiting the available input and output information for the detection and localization of an occurred fault. A proper fault mapping procedure and the nonlinear geometric approach are exploited to design residual filters explicitly decoupled from the external aerodynamic disturbance and sensitive to specific sets of faults. The subsequent use of suitable adaptive FE algorithms, based on the exploitation of radial basis function neural networks, allows to obtain accurate fault estimations. 
Finally, this estimation is actively exploited in a FTC scheme to achieve a suitable fault accommodation and guarantee the desired control performances. A standard sliding mode controller is implemented for attitude stabilization and control. Several simulation results are given to highlight the performances of the overall designed system in case of different types of faults affecting the ADCS actuators and sensors.
Invariance in adelic quantum mechanics
Creators: name: Dragovich, Branko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Adelic quantum mechanics is form invariant under an interchange of real and p-adic number fields as well as rings of p-adic integers. We also show that in adelic quantum mechanics Feynman's path integrals for quadratic actions with rational coefficients are invariant under changes of their entries within nonzero rational numbers.
description: 6 pages
EXPLORING LEADERSHIP STYLES AND INNOVATION: HOW TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP DRIVES CREATIVITY AND COMPETITIVENESS IN BUSINESS
Creators: name: Mbonigaba Celestin* & S. Sujatha**
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: This study investigates the relationship between leadership styles, particularly transformational leadership, and innovation in driving organizational change and growth. The objective was to analyze how transformational leadership influences creativity and competitiveness. The research used a mixed-methods approach, surveying 120 firms across technology, healthcare, and manufacturing sectors, and conducting interviews with business leaders. Results revealed that firms led by transformational leaders reported 70% successful innovation initiatives compared to 50% in firms with transactional leaders. The conclusion emphasizes the critical role of leadership in fostering an innovative organizational environment.
The Citizen as Founder: Public Participation in Constitutional Approval
Creators: name: Elkins, Zachary
name: Ginsburg, Tom
name: Blout, Justin
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2008
Subjects: constitutional power
democracy

description: Public involvement in constitution making is increasingly considered to be essential for the legitimacy and effectiveness of the process. It is also becoming more widespread, spurred on by constitutional advisors and the international community. Yet we have remarkably little empirical evidence of the impact of participation on outcomes. This essay examines hypotheses on the effect of one aspect of public participation in the constitution-making process—ratification— and surveys available evidence. We find some limited support for the optimistic view about the impact of ratification on legitimacy, conflict, and constitutional endurance.
Role of Single Qubit Decoherence Time in Adiabatic Quantum Computation
Creators: name: Amin, M. H. S.
name: Truncik, C. J. S.
name: Averin, D. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have studied numerically the evolution of an adiabatic quantum computer in the presence of a Markovian ohmic environment by considering Ising spin glass systems with up to 20 qubits independently coupled to this environment via two conjugate degrees of freedom. The required computation time is demonstrated to be of the same order as that for an isolated system and is not limited by the single-qubit decoherence time $T_2^*$, even when the minimum gap is much smaller than the temperature and decoherence-induced level broadening. For small minimum gap, the system can be described by an effective two-state model coupled only longitudinally to environment.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, published version
Competing for Capital: The Diffusion of Bilateral Investment Treaties, 1960–2000
Creators: name: Elkins, Zachary
name: Guzman, Andrew
name: Simmons, Beth
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2006
Subjects: bilateral investment treaties
BIT

description: Over the past forty-five years, bilateral investment treaties ~BITs! have become the most important international legal mechanism for the encouragement and governance of foreign direct investment+ The proliferation of BITs during the past two decades in particular has been phenomenal+ These intergovernmental treaties typ- ically grant extensive rights to foreign investors, including protection of contractual rights and the right to international arbitration in the event of an investment dispute+ How can we explain the widespread adoption of BITs? We argue that the spread of BITs is driven by international competition among potential host countries—typically developing countries—for foreign direct investment+ We propose a set of hypotheses that derive from such an explanation and develop a set of empirical tests that rely on network measures of economic competition as well as more indirect evidence of com- petitive pressures on the host to sign BITs+ The evidence suggests that potential hosts are more likely to sign BITs when their competitors have done so+ We find some evidence that coercion and learning play a role, but less support for cultural expla- nations based on emulation+ Our main finding is that the diffusion of BITs is associ- ated with competitive economic pressures among developing countries to capture a share of foreign investment+ We are agnostic at this point about the benefits of this competition for development
Near-UV Observations of HD221170: New Insights into the Nature of r-Process-Rich Stars
Creators: name: Ivans, Inese I.
name: Simmerer, Jennifer
name: Sneden, Christopher
name: Lawler, James E.
name: Cowan, John J.
name: Gallino, Roberto
name: Bisterzo, Sara
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Employing high resolution spectra obtained with the near-UV sensitive detector on the Keck I HIRES, supplemented by data obtained with the McDonald Observatory 2-d coude, we have performed a comprehensive chemical composition analysis of the bright r-process-rich metal-poor red giant star HD221170. Analysis of 57 individual neutral and ionized species yielded abundances for a total of 46 elements and significant upper limits for an additional five. Model stellar atmosphere parameters were derived with the aid of ~200 Fe-peak transitions. From more than 350 transitions of 35 neutron-capture (Z > 30) species, abundances for 30 neutron-capture elements and upper limits for three others were derived. Utilizing 36 transitions of La, 16 of Eu, and seven of Th, we derive ratios of log epsilon(Th/La) = -0.73 (sigma = 0.06) and log epsilon(Th/Eu) = -0.60 (sigma = 0.05), values in excellent agreement with those previously derived for other r-process-rich metal-poor stars such as CS22892-052, BD+17 3248, and HD115444. Based upon the Th/Eu chronometer, the inferred age is 11.7 +/- 2.8 Gyr. The abundance distribution of the heavier neutron-capture elements (Z >= 56) is fit well by the predicted scaled solar system r-process abundances, as also seen in other r-process-rich stars. Unlike other r-process-rich stars, however, we find that the abundances of the lighter neutron-capture elements (37 < Z < 56) in HD221170 are also statistically in better agreement with the abundances predicted for the scaled solar r-process pattern.
description: 22 pages, 12 figures (10 colour), 6 tables, accepted by ApJ
A simplified model of interannual water temperature variations in Hecate Strait and Queen Charlotte Sound
Creators: name: Ma, Helai
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2008

description: The thermal conditions in the Hecate Strait-Queen Charlotte Sound region are studied. A coupled upwelling/mixing model was developed to simulate the interannual variability of temperature in the region; the switch between the upwelling and mixing models is controlled by the monthly Bakun Index. A theoretically derived velocity field is applied in the upwelling model in summer and a simplified upper mixed layer model is used to simulate winter conditions. The temperature variation is integrated by a finite difference scheme. The region is simplified as a two-layer wedge-shaped volume to represent the Moresby Trough that forms the main passage of cold water intrusion into Hecate Strait. The model was run for 37 years and hindcasted the interannual variations of temperature in the Hecate Strait-Queen Charlotte Sound region from 1953 through 1989. A comparison was made between the model results and observed data. The general features of the temperature variations are well reproduced by the model results.