Apophua bipunctoria Thunberg 1822
Creators: name: Watanabe, Kyohei
name: Maeto, Kaoru
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Ichneumonidae
Apophua
Apophua bipunctoria

description: Apophua bipunctoria (Thunberg, 1822)
(Figs. 1 B, 2 B, 4 C, 5 B, 6 B, 7 B, 8 A, B, 9 A, B, C)
Ichneumon bipunctorius Thunberg, 1822: 281.
Glypta bipunctoria: Uchida, 1928: 75; Momoi, 1963: 108.
Apophua bipunctoria: Townes, Momoi & Townes, 1965: 208; Yu & Horstmann, 1997: 93. See Yu et al. (2012) for other synonymies.
Description. Female (n=41). Body: robust, its length 8.0–10.0 mm.
Head 0.6 times as long as wide. Clypeus 0.8 times as long as wide, its upper 0.5 punctate. Face 0.6 times as long as wide. MSL 0.7 times as long as BWM. OOD 1.4 times as long as OD. IOD 1.4–1.6 times as long as OD. Antenna with 44–49 flagellomeres. F1 2.0 times as long as F2.
Mesosoma. Lateral area of pronotum largely smooth ventral half. Epicnemial carina present laterally. Mesopleural fovea smooth. Anterior transverse carina of propodeum complete on lateral section. Posterior transverse carina of propodeum complete. Lateral longitudinal carina of propodeum usually present, its median section sometimes partly absent. Lateromedian longitudinal carina of propodeum usually indistinct except for base, sometimes median section restricted by weak ridge. Fore wing length 6.5–8.5 mm, with vein 2 m-cu with two bullae. Hind wing with Cu 1 present, nebulous. Fore coxa without ridge (Fig. 4 C). Hind femur 6.0–6.4 times as long as maximum depth in lateral view. Hind TS1 2.3–2.5 times as long as TS2.
Metasoma punctate. Punctures on T1 to basal 0.5 of T4 slightly longitudinally striated by coalescent punctures. T1 1.2–1.3 times as long as maximum wide, its median dorsal carina nearly completely present, short median longitudinal keel sometimes present posteriorly (Fig. 6 B). T2 0.9–1.0 times as long as maximum width. T2 and T3 with short median longitudinal keel except for posterior part (Fig. 6 B). Ovipositor sheath 2.1–2.4 times as long as hind tibia.
Coloration (Figs. 1 B, 2 B, 5 B, 7 B). Body weakly polished by dark blue reflection. Head black except for: clypeus, mandible excluding tip, malar space along mandible, ventral surfaces of scape and pedicel yellow; palpi yellowish-brown; antenna sometimes tinged with dark brown except for yellow area. Mesosoma black except for: upper margin of pronotum excluding median part, tegula, scutellum excluding basal spot, postscutellum, hind margins of each axilla yellow. Wings hyaline with veins and stigma brown except for yellow wing base. Fore and mid legs yellowish-brown, except for apex of mid TS5, apex of claws dark brown. Hind leg reddish-brown except for: base and apex of femur, tibia except for base, tarsus including claws dark brown; base and median area of tibia, tibial spur whitish-yellow. Metasoma black except for: membranous area of sternites, apex of subgenital plate whitish-yellow. Ovipositor reddish-brown. Black area of body sometimes more or less tinged dark blue. Mesosoma and metasoma sometimes partly tinged with red. Black area of hind tibia varied from entirely black to broadly whitish-yellow. Subtegular ridge sometimes tinged with yellow.
Male (n=11). Similar to female. OOD 1.2–1.4 times as long as OD; IOD 1.0–1.6 times as long as OD; MSL 0.5 times BWM; T1 1.4 times as wide; median dorsal carina of T1 shorter than female (ca. basal 0.6 present). Subgenital plate with a long apodema sternalis, anterior margin slightly concave (Fig. 9 A). Inner margin of paramere strongly concave near basal inner angle (Fig. 8 A). Penis valve of aedeagus ca. 1.8 times as long as basal apodeme (Fig. 9 B).
Specimens examined. JAPAN [Hokkaido] 1M, Mt. Soranuma, 4. viii. 1967, K. Kusigemati leg. (KU); 1F, Sapporo city, Nakamura town (43–08 N/ 141–25 E), 13. viii. 2006, T. Yoshida leg. (TUA); 1F, Sapporo city, Jozankei (350m alt.), 12–21. ix. 1989 (MsT.), K. Maeto and M. Sharkey leg. (NIAES); 1F, Sapporo, 23. vii. 1968, K. Kusigemati leg. (KU); 1M, Ebetsu city, Nopporo, 17. vii. 1980, K. Maeto leg. (NIAES); 1M, Mt. Daisetsu, 29. vii. 1967, K. Kusigemati leg. (KU); 1F, Kamuikotan, 8. viii. 1964, K. Kusigemati leg. (KU); 1M, Rebun Is., 25. vii. 1951, M. Konishi leg. (KU). [Honshu] 1F, Fukushima Pref., Hinoemata vil., Mikawa, 4. ix. 2004 (MsT.), H. Makihara leg. (TPM); 1F, same locality and collector, 8. x. 2004 (MsT.) (TPM); 1F, Niigata Pref., Muikamachi city, Kakenoue, 20. ix. 1997, S. Sakurai leg. (NIAES); 1F, Niigata Pref., Sado Is., Kanaishiraho, Hakuundai to Mt. Myoukenzan (38–5–20 N/ 138–20–15 E: 830–1000m alt.), K. Tokiwa leg. (TUA); 2F, ditto excluding K. Watanabe leg. (KPMNH); 1F, Tochigi Pref., Yaita, 11–22. viii. 1989 (MsT.), K. Konishi leg. (NIAES); 1F, Ibaraki Pref., Tsuchiura city, Shishizuka-oike, 21–28. viii. 1989 (MsT.), K. Konishi leg. (NIAES); 5F, same locality, 11–19. ix. 1989 (MsT.), K. Konishi and M. Sharkey leg. (NIAES); 3F, same locality, 19. ix.–2. x. 1989 (MsT.), K. Konishi leg. (NIAES); 2F, same locality, 2–16. x. 1989, K. Konishi and M. Sharkey leg. (NIAES); 1F, Saitama Pref., Minano, 29. vi. 1975, T. Nanbu leg. (NIAES); 1F, Saitama Pref., Yoshida town, Kakkaku, 4. viii. 1989, T. Nambu leg. (NIAES); 1F, Saitama Pref., Ogawa, Sengenzan, 11. x. 1992, T. Nambu leg. (NIAES); 2F, Tokyo Pref., Mt. Takao, 21. ix. 1969, J. Minamikawa leg. (NIAES); 1F, same locality and collector, 15. ix. 1971 (NIAES); 1F, same locality (host: Hoshinoa (= Choristoneura) longicellonus Waisiugham), 11. vi. 1970, M. Nakamura leg. (NIAES); 1F, Tokyo Pref., Mt. Takao, Hikagesawa, 9. vii. 1975, S. Tachikawa, S. Mochida and K. Tanaka leg. (TUA); 1F, Kanagawa Pref., Fujino town, Mt. Jinbayama (35–39–9 N/ 139–9–55 E: 700–830m alt.), 13. ix. 2009, K. Watanabe leg. (KPMNH: KPM-NK 5001186); 1F, Kanagawa Pref., Kawasaki city, Ikutaryokuchi, 18. viii. 1999, I. Waki leg. (NSMT); 1M, Shizuoka Pref., East Izu, Mt. Iwamura, 14. vi. 1967, T. Maenami leg. (NIAES); 1F, Shizuoka Pref., Umegashima, Abetoge, 22. ix. 1957, J. Minamikawa leg. (NIAES); 1F, Shizuoka Pref., Kanaya, Fukuyo, 13. vii. 1958, J. Minamikawa leg. (NIAES); 1F, Nagano Pref., Yamanouchi town, Nagaike, 22. viii. 2007, K. Watanabe (KPMNH: KPM-NK 5001187). [Shikoku] 1M, Tokushima Pref., Mima city, Waki town (host: Choristoneura longicellana (Walsingham)), 6. vi. 1970, S. Yukinari leg. (NIAES). [Kyushu] 1F, Kagoshima Pref., Mt. Eboshidake, 11. ix. 1969, J. Yukawa leg. (KU); 1M, Kagoshima Pref., Toso, 30. ix. 1970, K. Kusigemati leg. (KU); 1F, Kagoshima Pref., Mt. Kaimondake, 28. iv. 1966, K. Kusigemati leg. (KU); 1M, Kagoshima Pref., Takachihonomine, 28. v. 1975, T. Shiba leg. (KU); 3F2M, Nagasaki (NIAES). NEDERLANDS: 1M, Tegelen, Teunissen, 24. vi. 1942 (“homotype Glypta flavolineata Grav. H. K. Townes’ 64”) (AEI). DENMARK: 1F, Rønne, 1–5. viii. 1937 (“homotype Ichneumon bipunctoria Thbg. Rom’ 38”) (AEI).
Distribution (Fig. 10). Japan (Hokkaido, Rebun Is.*, Honshu, Sado Is.*, Shikoku, Kyushu). This species is widely distributed in the Palearctic Region (Yu et al., 2012).
Biology. A tortricid moth, Choristoneura longicellana (Walsingham), is recorded as host of this species for the first time. The following hosts are recorded in Japan: Ptycholoma lecheanum circumclusanum (Christoph) (Momoi et al., 1975) and Acleris askoldana (Christoph) (Nakaya, 2009).
Remarks. In Japan, this species is sometimes confused with A. honmai and it can be distinguished from the latter by the median longitudinal keel of T1-T3 largely present (present only base of T2 and T 3 in A. honmai), the T1 1.2–1.4 times as long as maximum width (1.6–1.9 times in A. honmai) and the T2 usually wide, its length 0.9– 1.0 (both sexes) times as long as maximum wide (in 1.3 times in male of A. honmai). This species is also similar to A. tobensis and A. yamato sp. nov. except for the coloration of hind leg, largely yellow (A. bipunctoria) and largely black (A. tobensis and A. yamato), but they can be distinguished from each other by the length of ovipositor (see Table 1).
description: Published as part of Watanabe, Kyohei & Maeto, Kaoru, 2014, Revision of the genus Apophua Morley, 1913, from Japan (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Banchinae), pp. 501-527 in Zootaxa 3784 (5) on pages 506-507, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3784.5.1, http://zenodo.org/record/227830