cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Impacts of climatic variability on surface water area observed by remotely sensed imageries in the Red River Basin
Creators: name: Atashi, Vida
name: Mahmood, Taufique H.
name: Rasouli, Kabir
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Recent wetting in the Northern Great Plain (NGP) exerted strong influences on lakes and wetlands. However, the influence of recent increase in precipitation on spatiotemporal variation of surface water area is poorly understood in the Red River Basin (RRB, northern United States and southern Canada). Here, we used a high-resolution global surface water dataset to understand spatiotemporal dynamics of the annual, total, permanent, and seasonal water extent in RRB. Monthly surface water area is investigated to detect the change in seasonal surface water extent. We found four distinct phases of variation in surface water: Phase 1 (1990–2001, wetting); Phase 2 (2002- 2005, dry); Phase 3 (2006–2013, recent wetting); and Phase 4 (2014–2019, recent drying). A bare land to a permanent and seasonal water area switch is observed during Phase 1, while the other phases have experienced relatively little fluctuation. Findings have implications for nutrient concentration assessment in lakes and wetlands.
Treatment of Sydenham’s Chorea: A Review of the Current Evidence
Creators: name: Dean, Shannon L
name: Singer, Harvey S
Publisher: name: Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements
Year: 2017

description: Background: Sydenham’s chorea (SC), the neurologic manifestation of rheumatic fever, remains the most prevalent form of chorea in children. Suggested treatments of chorea in SC include prophylactic penicillin, symptomatic (antipsychotic and anticonvulsant) medications, and immunomodulatory therapy (steroids, intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG), and plasma exchange). In this manuscript, we undertook a systematic review of the published literature to examine the data supporting these therapeutic recommendations. Methods: A search of PubMed, Embase, Psychinfo, and clinicaltrials.gov was conducted for publications pertaining to the treatment of SC/rheumatic chorea from 1956 to 2016. Results: Penicillin prophylaxis appears to reduce the likelihood of further cardiac complications and the recurrence rate of chorea. Data on symptomatic therapy for chorea are limited to individual case reports or series and rare comparison studies. The efficacy of steroid use is supported by a single placebo-controlled study and several case series. Information on other immunomodulatory therapies such as IVIG and plasmapheresis are limited to a small number of reports and a single comparison study. Discussion: Treatment decisions in SC are currently based on the treating physician’s clinical experience, the desire to avoid side effects, and the existence of only limited scientific evidence. Based on a review of the available literature, chorea often improves with symptomatic therapy and immunotherapy tends to be reserved for those who fail to respond. Steroids are beneficial; however, data using IVIG and plasmapheresis are very limited. Larger, well-controlled studies, using standardized assessment scales, are required if therapeutic decisions for SC are to be based on meaningful information.
description: Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements, Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements
How Much Do We Know about Adult-onset Primary Tics? Prevalence, Epidemiology, and Clinical Features
Creators: name: Robakis, Daphne
Publisher: name: Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements
Year: 2017

description: Background: Tic disorders are generally considered to be of pediatric onset; however, reports of adult-onset tics exist in the literature. Tics can be categorized as either primary or secondary, with the latter being the larger group in adults. Primary or idiopathic tics that arise in adulthood make up a subset of tic disorders whose epidemiologic and clinical features have not been well delineated. Methods: Articles to be included in this review were identified by searching PubMed, SCOPUS, and Web of Science using the terms adult- and late-onset tics, which resulted in 120 unique articles. Duplicates were removed. Citing references were identified using Google Scholar; all references were reviewed for relevance. Results: The epidemiologic characteristics, clinical phenomenology, and optimal treatment of adult-onset tics have not been ascertained. Twenty-six patients with adult-onset, primary tics were identified from prior case reports. The frequency of psychiatric comorbidities may be lower in adults than in children, and obsessive compulsive disorder was the most common comorbidity. Adult-onset primary tics tend to wax and wane, occur predominantly in males, are often both motor and phonic in the same individual, and are characterized by a poor response to treatment. Discussion: We know little about adult-onset tic disorders, particularly ones without a secondary association or cause. They are not common, and from the limited data available, appear to share some but not all features with childhood tics. Further research will be important in gaining a better understanding of the epidemiology and clinical manifestations of this disorder.
description: Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements, Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements
Locally Finite Observables in sYM
Creators: name: Bourjaily, Jacob L.
name: Langer, Cameron
name: Patatoukos, Kokkimidis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A `locally-finite' observable is one for which there is no region of divergence anywhere in the space of real loop momenta; it can therefore be computed (in principle) without regularization. In this work, we prove that all two-loop ratio functions in planar, maximally supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory are locally-finite.
description: 23 pages; 82 figures
Mini-conference on angular momentum transport in laboratory and nature
Creators: name: Ji, Hantao
name: Kronberg, Philipp
name: Prager, Stewart C.
name: Uzdensky, Dmitri A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper provides a concise summary of the current status of the research and future perspectives discussed in the Mini-Conference on Angular Momentum Transport in Laboratory and Nature. This Mini-conference, sponsored by the Topical Group on Plasma Astrophysics, was held as part of the American Physical Society's Division of Plasma Physics 2007 Annual Meeting (November 12--16, 2007). This Mini-conference covers a wide range of phenomena happening in fluids and plasmas, either in laboratory or in nature. The purpose of this paper is not to comprehensively review these phenomena, but to provide a starting point for interested readers to refer to related research in areas other than their own.
description: 21 pages. accepted for publication in Physics of Plasmas
A Case of Myoclonus–Dystonia Responding to Low-frequency Pallidal Stimulation
Creators: name: Sarva, Harini
name: Miravite, Joan
name: Swan, Matthew C
name: Deik, Andres
name: Raymond, Deborah
name: Severt, William Lawrence
name: Kopell, Brian H.
Publisher: name: Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements
Year: 2017

description: Background: High frequency pallidal stimulation has been shown to improve various types of dystonia, including myoclonus-dystonia. Case Report: We report a case of epsilon sarcoglycan mutation-negative myoclonus-dystonia (MD) with response to low frequency bilateral pallidal stimulation. Discussion: Low frequency pallidal stimulation provides an effective means of treating various dystonias, regardless of genetic status, as in our case, as it provides increased programming options with less adverse effects.
description: Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements, Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements
Rare regions and avoided quantum criticality in disordered Weyl semimetals and superconductors
Creators: name: Pixley, J. H.
name: Wilson, Justin H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Disorder in Weyl semimetals and superconductors is surprisingly subtle, attracting attention and competing theories in recent years. In this brief review, we discuss the current theoretical understanding of the effects of short-ranged, quenched disorder on the low energy-properties of three-dimensional, topological Weyl semimetals and superconductors. We focus on the role of non-perturbative rare region effects on destabilizing the semimetal phase and rounding the expected semimetal-to-diffusive metal transition into a cross over. Furthermore, the consequences of disorder on the resulting nature of excitations, transport, and topology are reviewed. New results on a bipartite random hopping model are presented that confirm previous results in a $p+ip$ Weyl superconductor, demonstrating that particle-hole symmetry is insufficient to help stabilize the Weyl semimetal phase in the presence of disorder. The nature of the avoided transition in a model for a single Weyl cone in the continuum is discussed. We close with a discussion of open questions and future directions.
description: Localisation 2020 conference paper (review); 51 pages, 23 figures
On mini-halo encounters with stars
Creators: name: Green, Anne M.
name: Goodwin, Simon P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study, analytically and numerically, the energy input into dark matter mini-haloes by interactions with stars. We find that the fractional energy input in simulations of Plummer spheres agrees well with the impulse approximation for small and large impact parameters, with a rapid transition between these two regimes. Using the impulse approximation the fractional energy input at large impact parameters is fairly independent of the mass and density profile of the mini-halo, however low-mass mini-haloes experience a greater fractional energy input in close encounters. We formulate a fitting function which encodes these results and use it to estimate the disruption timescales of mini-haloes, taking into account the stellar velocity dispersion and mass distribution. For mini-haloes with mass M< {\cal O}(10^{-7} M_{\odot} on typical orbits which pass through the disc, we find that the estimated disruption timescales are independent of mini-halo mass, and are of order the age of the Milky Way. For more massive mini-haloes the estimated disruption timescales increase rapidly with increasing mass.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures. Version to appear in MNRAS. Significant changes to presentation, but conclusions essentially unchanged
Total organic carbon estimation in seagrass beds in Tauranga Harbour, New Zealand using multi-sensors imagery and grey wolf optimization
Creators: name: Ha, Nam-Thang
name: Pham, Tien-Dat
name: Pham, Huu-Ty
name: Tran, Dang-An
name: Hawes, Ian
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Estimation of carbon stock in seagrass meadows is in challenges of paucity of assessment and low accuracy of the estimates. In this study, we used a fusion of the synthetic aperture radar (SAR) Sentinel-1 (S-1), the multi-spectral Sentinel-2 (S-2), and coupled this with advanced machine learning (ML) models and meta-heuristic optimization to improve the estimation of total organic carbon (TOC) stock in the Zostera muelleri meadows in Tauranga Harbour, New Zealand. Five scenarios containing combinations of data, ML models (Random Forest, Extreme Gradient Boost, Rotation Forest, CatBoost) and optimization were developed and evaluated for TOC retrieval. Results indicate a fusion of S1, S2 images, a novel ML model CatBoost and the grey wolf optimization algorithm (the CB-GWO model) yielded the best prediction of seagrass TOC (R2, RMSE were 0.738 and 10.64 Mg C ha−1). Our results provide novel ideas of deriving a low-cost, scalable and reliable estimates of seagrass TOC globally.
A Wolf in Sheep’s Clothing: An “Alien Leg” in Corticobasal Syndrome
Creators: name: Olszewska, Diana Angelika
name: McCarthy, Allan
name: Murray, Brian
name: Magennis, Brian
name: Connolly, Sean
name: Lynch, Tim
Publisher: name: Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements
Year: 2017

description: Background: Alien limb phenomenon occurs in 50–60% of patients with corticobasal syndrome (CBS) and usually presents with an “alien hand” phenomenon. The “alien foot” presentation is rarer and may be misdiagnosed, as foot involvement can lead to erroneous localization of the clinical problem to the knee, hip, or back. Subsequently misdiagnoses such as myelopathy, radiculopathy, functional disorder, stiff leg syndrome, neuromyotonia, and painful leg moving toes syndrome may occur. Case report: We describe two patients with alien foot symptoms that resulted in multiple opinions from different specialists, multiple diagnostic and therapeutic procedures, and delayed diagnosis. Eventually a diagnosis of CBS was made in both. Alien foot symptoms may be more common than initially thought and can result in a delayed diagnosis of CBS. Conclusion: The inclusion of this clinical finding in recently proposed diagnostic criteria highlights the need for increased clinical awareness.
description: Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements, Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements
Fluid flow in the sarcomere
Creators: name: Malingen, Sage A
name: Hood, Kaitlyn
name: Lauga, Eric
name: Hosoi, Anette
name: Daniel, Thomas L
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Subcellular Processes (q-bio.SC)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A highly organized and densely packed lattice of molecular machinery within the sarcomeres of muscle cells powers contraction. Although many of the proteins that drive contraction have been studied extensively, the mechanical impact of fluid shearing within the lattice of molecular machinery has received minimal attention. It was recently proposed that fluid flow augments substrate transport in the sarcomere, however, this analysis used analytical models of fluid flow in the molecular machinery that could not capture its full complexity. By building a finite element model of the sarcomere, we estimate the explicit flow field, and contrast it with analytical models. Our results demonstrate that viscous drag forces on sliding filaments are surprisingly small in contrast to the forces generated by single myosin molecular motors. This model also indicates that the energetic cost of fluid flow through viscous shearing with lattice proteins is likely minimal. The model also highlights a steep velocity gradient between sliding filaments and demonstrates that the maximal radial fluid velocity occurs near the tips of the filaments. To our knowledge, this is the first computational analysis of fluid flow within the highly structured sarcomere.
Η ελληνική γλώσσα ως ξένη: η περίπτωση της Παρευξείνιας ζώνης, Ρωσία-Ουκρανία-Γεωργία
Creators: name: Χατζηπαναγιωτίδου, Αννα
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2005

description: Στην μελέτη αυτή πραγματευόμαστε τα ιστορικά στοιχεία τα οποία αναδεικνύουν την ύπαρξη των Ελλήνων στην Παρευξείνια ζώνη. Η έρευνα δίνει επίσης τη δυνατότητα καταγραφής των εκπαιδευτικών δεδομένων, των ποικίλων προβλημάτων των δασκάλων της ελληνικής γλώσσας αλλά και των μαθητών οι οποίοι διδάσκονταν τα ελληνικά στην πρώην Σοβιετική Ενωση. Η ελληνική γλώσσα διδάσκεται ως ξένη γλώσσα και όχι ως δεύτερη γλώσσα όπως σε άλλες χώρες με ελληνογενή πληθυσμό. Προτείνεται με βάση τα δεδομένα της έρευνας 1)τα επίπεδα γλωσσομάθειας, 2)ο σχεδιασμός διδακτικού υλικού, 3)η χρήση γλωσσικών φακέλων με καθορισμένο περιεχόμενο(περιστάσεις επικοινωνίας, λεκτικές πράξεις, γραμματική). Η πρόταση δίνει λύση στα προβλήματα που προκύπτουν και από τη δυσκολία διακίνησης υλικού από την Ελλάδα και από την ανάγκη αυτενέργειας των δασκάλων
description: This project has to do with the historical data which prove the existence of the Greeks in this area. This project has also allowed us to register the educational data and various problems encountered by greek teachers as well as pupils who learn greek in Former Soviet Union. Greek is taught as a foreign language, not as a second one as in countries with people of greek origin. On this basis of the results obtained by this research it is suggested : 1)the levels of greek(language learning), 2)the syllabus design, 3)the language files of pre-determined content(situation of communication, verbal acts, grammar). This is an elaborated proposal which resolves problems arising from the difficulty in transfering teaching material from greece as well a from the need of teachers to act on their own
Nonequilibrium nuclear-electron spin dynamics in semiconductor quantum dots
Creators: name: Feng, D. H.
name: Akimov, I. A.
name: Henneberger, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the spin dynamics in charged quantum dots in the situation where the resident electron is coupled to only about 200 nuclear spins and where the electron spin splitting induced by the Overhauser field does not exceed markedly the spectral broadening. The formation of a dynamical nuclear polarization as well as its subsequent decay by the dipole-dipole interaction is directly resolved in time. Because not limited by intrinsic nonlinearities, almost complete nuclear polarization is achieved, even at elevated temperatures. The data suggest a nonequilibrium mode of nuclear polarization, distinctly different from the spin temperature concept exploited on bulk semiconductors
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Uncovering the High Scale Higgs Singlet Model
Creators: name: Dawson, Sally
name: Giardino, Pier Paolo
name: Homiller, Samuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The scalar singlet model extends the Standard Model with the addition of a new gauge singlet scalar. We re-examine the limits on the new scalar from oblique parameter fits and from a global fit to precision electroweak observables and present analytic expressions for our results. For the case when the new scalar is much heavier than the weak scale, we map the model onto the dimension-six Standard Model effective field theory (SMEFT) and review the allowed parameter space from unitarity considerations and from the requirement that the electroweak minimum be stable. A global fit to precision electroweak data, along with LHC observables, is used to constrain the parameters of the high scale singlet model and we determine the numerical effects of performing the matching at both tree level and 1-loop.
description: 24 pages, 8 figures
Force-induced Catastrophes on Energy Landscapes: Mechanochemical Manipulation of Downhill and Uphill Bifurcations Explains Ring-opening Selectivity of Cyclopropanes
Creators: name: Wollenhaupt, Miriam
name: Schran, Christoph
name: Krupička, Martin
name: Marx, Dominik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The mechanochemistry of ring-opening reactions of cyclopropane derivatives turns out to be unexpectedly rich and puzzling. After showing that a rare so-called uphill bifurcation in the case of trans-gem-difluorocyclopropane turns into a downhill bifurcation upon substitution of fluorine by chlorine, bromine and iodine in the thermal activation limit, the dichloro derivative is studied systematically in the realm of mechanochemical activation. Detailed exploration of the force-transformed potential energy surface of trans-gem-dichlorocyclopropane in terms of Dijkstra path analysis unveils a hitherto unknown topological catastrophe where the global shape of the energy landscape is fundamentally changed. From thermal activation up to moderately large forces, it is an uphill bifurcation that decides about dis-versus conrotatory ring-opening followed by separate transition states along both pathways. Above a critical force, the two distinct transition states merge to yield a single transition state such that the decision about the dis-versus conrotatory ring-opening process is taken at a newly established downhill bifurcation. The discovery of a force-induced qualitative change of the topology of a reaction network vastly transcends the previous understanding of the ring-opening reaction of this species. It would be astonishing to not discover a wealth of such catastrophes for mechanochemically activated reactions which will greatly extend the known opportunities to manipulate chemical reaction networks.
Focused Ultrasound for Essential Tremor: Review of the Evidence and Discussion of Current Hurdles
Creators: name: Rohani, Mohammad
name: Fasano, Alfonso
Publisher: name: Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements
Year: 2017

description: Background. While there is no breakthrough progress in the medical treatment of essential tremor (ET), in the past decades several remarkable achievements happened in the surgical field, such as radiofrequency thalamotomy, thalamic deep brain stimulation and gamma knife thalamotomy. The most recent advance in this area is magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS). Methods. Purpose of this review is to discuss the new developments and trials of MRgFUS in the treatment of ET and other tremor disorders. Results. MRgFUS is an incision-less surgery performed without anesthesia and ionizing radiation (no risk of cumulative dose and delayed side effects). Studies have shown the safety and effectiveness of unilateral MRgFUS-thalamotomy in the treatment of ET. It has been successfully used in few patients with Parkinson’s disease-related tremor and fewer patients with Fragile X-associated Tremor/Ataxia Syndrome. Safety and long-term effects of the procedure are still unclear, as temporary and permanent adverse events have been reported as well as reoccurrence of tremor. Discussion. MRgFUS is a promising new surgical approach with still a number of unknowns and unsolved issues. It represents a valuable option particularly for patients who refused or could not be candidate for other procedures, deep brain stimulation in particular.
description: Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements, Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements
Multifractality and self-averaging at the many-body localization transition
Creators: name: Solórzano, Andrei
name: Santos, Lea F.
name: Torres-Herrera, E. Jonathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Finite-size effects have been a major and justifiable source of concern for studies of many-body localization, and several works have been dedicated to the subject. In this paper, however, we discuss yet another crucial problem that has received much less attention, that of the lack of self-averaging and the consequent danger of reducing the number of random realizations as the system size increases. By taking this into account and considering ensembles with a large number of samples for all system sizes analyzed, we find that the generalized dimensions of the eigenstates of the disordered Heisenberg spin-1/2 chain close to the transition point to localization are described remarkably well by an exact analytical expression derived for the non-interacting Fibonacci lattice, thus providing an additional tool for studies of many-body localization.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
Configurational electronic entropy and the phase diagram of mixed-valence oxides: the case of Li$_x$FePO$_4$
Creators: name: Zhou, Fei
name: Maxisch, Thomas
name: Ceder, Gerbrand
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate that configurational electronic entropy, previously neglected, in {\it ab initio} thermodynamics of materials can qualitatively modify the finite-temperature phase stability of mixed-valence oxides. While transformations from low-T ordered or immiscible states are almost always driven by configurational disorder (i.e. random occupation of lattice sites by multiple species), in FePO$_4$--LiFePO$_4$ the formation of a solid solution is almost entirely driven by electronic, rather than ionic configurational entropy. We argue that such an electronic entropic mechanism may be relevant to most other mixed-valence systems.
description: 4 figures
Το κυπριακό δίκαιο γάμου και διαζυγίου στη διελκυνστίνδα εκκλησίας και πολιτείας
Creators: name: Αιμιλιανίδης, Αχιλλεύς Κ.
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2005
Subjects: Αρθρο ΙΙΙ
Διαζύγιο
Γάμος
Article III
Divorce
Marriage

description: Το κυπριακό δίκαιο του γάμου και του διαζυγίου είναι εξαιρετικά πολύπλοκο. Ο κύπριος νομικός και ο κύπριος πολίτης βρίσκονται αντιμέτωποι όχι μόνο με τα συνήθη ερμηνευτικά προβλήματα που αφορούν στο κυπριακό οικογενειακό δίκαιο αλλά επιπρόσθετα και κυρίως με ένα νομικό λαβύρινθο που αφορά στην προσπάθεια αποσαφήνισης του εφαρμοστέου δικαίου και εκδικάζοντος δικαστηρίου σε εκάστη περίπτωση. Σκοπός της διδακτορικής διατριβής είναι να ερμηνεύσει τα προβλήματα αυτά με βάση τις αρχές του θετικού δικαίου και της αναλυτικής σχολής
description: The cypriot law of marriage and divorce is extremely complicated. The cypriot lawer and the cypriot citizenare not only faced with the usual problems of interpretation of family law provisions, but also with the hard problem of deciding which is the applicable law and which court has jurisdiction in each specific case. The purpose of the PHD is to interpret such provisions and answer such questions on the basis of the pronciples of positive law and the analytical school
Demographic noise can promote abrupt transitions in ecological systems
Creators: name: Majumder, Sabiha
name: Das, Ayan
name: Kushal, Appilineni
name: Sankaran, Sumithra
name: Guttal, Vishwesha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Strong positive feedback is considered a necessary condition to observe abrupt shifts of ecosystems. A few previous studies have shown that demographic noise -- arising from the probabilistic and discrete nature of birth and death processes in finite systems -- makes the transitions gradual or continuous. In this paper, we show that demographic noise may, in fact, promote abrupt transitions in systems that would otherwise show continuous transitions. We present our methods and results in a tutorial-like format. We begin with a simple spatially-explicit individual-based model with local births and deaths influenced by positive feedback processes. We then derive a stochastic differential equation that describes how local probabilistic rules scale to stochastic population dynamics. The infinite-size well-mixed limit of this SDE for our model is consistent with mean-field models of abrupt regime-shifts. Finally, we analytically show that as a consequence of demographic noise, finite-size systems can undergo abrupt shifts even with weak positive interactions. Numerical simulations of our spatially-explicit model confirm this prediction. Thus, we predict that small-sized populations and ecosystems may undergo abrupt collapse even when larger systems - with the same microscopic interactions - show a smooth response to environmental stress.
Partial Degree Formulae for Plane Offset Curves
Creators: name: Segundo, F. San
name: Sendra, J. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14Q5 (Primary) 68W30 (Secondary)

description: In this paper we present several formulae for computing the partial degrees of the defining polynomial of the offset curve to an irreducible affine plane curve given implicitly, and we see how these formulae particularize to the case of rational curves. In addition, we present a formula for computing the degree w.r.t the distance variable.
description: 24 pages, no figures
Supplementary Materials for E-00049-2025R1 in American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism
Creators: name: Zhao, Jiamu
name: Han, Qing
name: Chen, Chunyi
name: Yan, Xuede
name: Yu, Song
name: Ma, Xianhua
name: Wei, Chunchun
name: Zhang, Weiping J.
name: Cao, Dongmei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 310599
subject: Genetics not elsewhere classified

description: The pituitary gland plays a central role in the regulation of development, metabolism, stress, reproduction, and homeostasis in the mammalians. All the endocrine cells secreting distinct pituitary hormones are derived from Prop1-expressing progenitors. Prop1 promoter-driven Cre transgenic mice are useful in the field of pituitary biology based on the Cre/LoxP system, however their ectopic activity complexes data interpretation. Here we demonstrate the robust and specific recombination activity of a Prop1-iCre knockin line in pituitary endocrine cells as well as in ovarian granulosa cells. Prop1-iCre mice were generated by introducing IRES-Cre cassette immediately downstream of the stop codon of the Prop1 gene by CRISPR/Cas9 system, which allows for the bicistronic expression of Prop1 and Cre recombinase simutanously. The Cre insertion had no effect on the expression of the Prop1 gene per se or the development of pituitary endocrine cells. When crossed onto a Rosa-tdTomato reporter line, Prop1-iCre mice exhibited a robust recombination activity in all the pituitary endocrine cells, with no activity in hypothalamus, thyroid, adrenal gland, testis, heart, lung, liver, or kidney. Of note, the recombination activity was also detected in some of ovarian granulosa cells in female Prop1-iCre mice, which is consistent with their Prop1 mRNA expression based on single-cell RNA sequencing analysis. Our findings support that the Prop1-iCre mouse line serves as a valuable tool for gene manipulation in pituitary endocrine cells, and also raise a caution regarding to its activity in the ovary.
Deep Brain Stimulation Target Selection in an Advanced Parkinson’s Disease Patient with Significant Tremor and Comorbid Depression
Creators: name: Patel, Amar S
Publisher: name: Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements
Year: 2017

description: Clinical Vignette: A 67-year-old female with advanced Parkinson’s disease (PD), medically refractory tremor, and a history of significant depression presents for evaluation of deep brain stimulation (DBS) candidacy. Clinical Dilemma: Traditionally, stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) has been the preferred target for patients with significant PD tremor. However, STN stimulation is avoided in patients with a significant pre-surgical history of mood disorder. Clinical Solution: Bilateral DBS of the globus pallidus interna led to significant short term improvement in PD motor symptoms, including significant tremor reduction. Gap in Knowledge: There is insufficient evidence to support or refute clinicians’ traditional preference for STN stimulation in treating refractory PD tremor. Similarly, the available evidence for risk of worsening depression and/or suicidality after STN DBS is mixed. Both questions require further clarification to guide patient and clinician decision-making.
description: Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements, Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements
Generating correlated (2+1)-photon in an active Raman gain medium
Creators: name: Yuan, Chun-Hua
name: Lu, Cui-Ping
name: Zhang, Weiping
name: Deng, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A scheme of generating controllable (2+1) photons in a double-$% Λ$ atomic system based on active-Raman-gain is presented in this paper. Such (2+1) photons can be a potential candidate to generate a correlated photon pair as the photon `1' acts as a trigger. Compared to other schemes of generating correlated photon pairs, our scheme exhibits a number of advantages due to the exploit of the stimulated Raman process.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures
Is breathing control an effective coping strategy for public speaking anxiety?
Creators: name: Hait, Aaron Vincent
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Two studies were conducted to determine whether controlled, abdominally-predominant breathing could be accurately implemented during periods of acute anxiety by speech anxious/phobic individuals, and what effect breathing control has on autonomic and subjective indices of anxiety. Twenty-two moderately speech anxious young adults took part in Study 1. The results of this study indicated that after two weeks of training, only 50% of trainees were able to implement the controlled breathing technique with any degree of accuracy while waiting to deliver an impromptu speech before a small audience. No one were successful at reliably implementing the technique during the speech itself. As in previous research, training had little impact on autonomic arousal but was associated with improvements in self-reported anxiety. Similar findings emerged for Study 2, which differed from Study 1 in that it involved a larger (N = 48) and more highly speech anxious sample who participated in a longer (4-week), more intensive training program. Although training had little effect on subjective or autonomic arousal during speech anticipation and speech delivery, it did result in significantly higher predictions of speech aptitude and emotional control relative to no treatment. Such findings suggest that breathing control is not a useful emotion-focused coping strategy on its own, but may add to the effectiveness of exposure-based therapies by enhancing patients' self-efficacy and willingness to expose themselves to feared situations.
Purcell-enhanced single photon source based on a deterministically placed WSe$_{2}$ monolayer quantum dot in a circular Bragg grating cavity
Creators: name: Iff, O.
name: Buchinger, Q.
name: Moczała-Dusanowska, M.
name: Kamp, M.
name: Betzold, S.
name: Tongay, S.
name: Antón-Solanas, C.
name: Höfling, S.
name: Schneider, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate a deterministic Purcell-enhanced single-photon source realized by integrating an atomically thin WSe$_{2}$ layer with a circular Bragg grating cavity. The cavity significantly enhances the photoluminescence from the atomically thin layer, and supports single-photon generation with $g^{(2)}(0)<0.25$. We observe a consistent increase of the spontaneous emission rate for WSe$_{2}$ emitters located in the center of the Bragg grating cavity. These WSe$_{2}$ emitters are self-aligned and deterministically coupled to such a broadband cavity, configuring a new generation of deterministic single-photon sources, characterized by their simple and low-cost production and intrinsic scalability.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures in the main text, 6 figures in the supplementary material
TBC1D24 Mutations in a Sibship with Multifocal Polymyoclonus
Creators: name: Ngoh, Adeline
name: Bras, Jose
name: Guerreiro, Rita
name: McTague, Amy
name: Ng, Joanne
name: Meyer, Esther
name: Chong, W. Kling
name: Boyd, Stewart
name: MacLellan, Linda
name: Kirkpatrick, Martin
name: Kurian, Manju A
Publisher: name: Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements
Year: 2017

description: Background: Advances in molecular genetic technologies have improved our understanding of genetic causes of rare neurological disorders with features of myoclonus. Case Report: A family with two affected siblings, presenting with multifocal polymyoclonus and neurodevelopmental delay, was recruited for whole-exome sequencing following unyielding diagnostic neurometabolic investigations. Compound heterozygous mutations in TBC1D24, a gene previously associated with various epilepsy phenotypes and hearing loss, were identified in both siblings. The mutations included a missense change c.457G>A (p.Glu157Lys), and a novel frameshift mutation c.545del (p.Thr182Serfs*6). Discussion: We propose that TBC1D24-related diseases should be in the differential diagnosis for children with polymyoclonus.
description: Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements, Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements
Palliative Care in Huntington Disease: Personal Reflections and a Review of the Literature
Creators: name: Tarolli, Christopher Gary
name: Chesire, Amy M
name: Biglan, Kevin Michael
Publisher: name: Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements
Year: 2017

description: Background Huntington disease is a fatal, autosomal dominant, neurodegenerative disorder manifest by the triad of a movement disorder, behavioral disturbances, and dementia. At present, no curative or disease modifying therapies exist for the condition and current treatments are symptomatic. Palliative care is an approach to care that focuses on symptom relief, patient and caregiver support, and end of life care. There is increasing evidence of the benefit of palliative care throughout the course of neurodegenerative conditions including Parkinson disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. However, beyond its application at the end of life, little is known about the role of palliative care in Huntington disease. Methods In this article, we discuss what is known about palliative care in Huntington disease, specifically related to early disease burden, caregiver burnout, advance care planning, and end of life care. Results We provide a review of the current literature and discuss our own care practices. Discussion We conclude by discussing questions that remain unanswered and positing ideas for future work in the field.
description: Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements, Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements
Additional file 1 of Uptake of pediatric patient-reported outcome and experience measures and challenges associated with their implementation in Alberta: a mixed-methods study
Creators: name: Bele, Sumedh
name: Rabi, Sarah
name: Zhang, Muning
name: Ahmed, Sadia
name: Paolucci, Elizabeth Oddone
name: Johnson, David W.
name: Quan, Hude
name: Santana, Maria J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Space Science
Medicine
Pharmacology
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Appendix 1. Quantitative survey to collect data on the current use of pediatric PROMs and PREMs in Alberta. Appendix 2. The interview guide to collect qualitative data on the use of pediatric PROMs and PREMs in Albertaand the challenges associated with their implementation.
Coulomb interacting Dirac fermions in disordered graphene
Creators: name: Khveshchenko, D. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study interacting Dirac quasiparticles in disordered graphene and find that an interplay between the unscreened Coulomb interactions and pseudo-relativistic quasiparticle kinematics can be best revealed in the ballistic regime, whereas in the diffusive limit the behavior is qualitatively (albeit, not quantitatively) similar to that of the ordinary 2DEG with parabolic dispersion. We calculate the quasiparticle width and density of states that can be probed by photoemission, tunneling, and magnetization measurements.
description: Latex, 4 pages
Non-invasive Brain Stimulation for Essential Tremor
Creators: name: Shih, Ludy C
name: Pascual-Leone, Alvaro
Publisher: name: Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements
Year: 2017

description: Background: There is increasing interest in the use of non-invasive brain stimulation to characterize and potentially treat essential tremor (ET). Studies have used a variety of stimulation coils, paradigms, and target locations to make these observations. We reviewed the literature to compare prior studies and to evaluate the rationale and the methods used in these studies. Methods: We performed a systematic literature search of the PubMed database using the terms “transcranial,” “noninvasive,” “brain stimulation,” “transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS),” “transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS),” “transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS),” and “essential tremor.” Results: Single pulses of TMS to the primary motor cortex have long been known to reset tremor. Although there are relatively few studies showing alterations in motor cortical physiology, such as motor threshold, short and long intracortical inhibition, and cortical silent period, there may be some evidence of altered intracortical facilitation and cerebello-brain inhibition in ET. Repetitive TMS, theta burst stimulation, tDCS, and tACS have been applied to human subjects with tremor with some preliminary signs of tremor reduction, particularly in those studies that employed consecutive daily sessions. Discussion: A variety of stimulation paradigms and targets have been explored, with the increasing rationale an interest in targeting the cerebellum. Rigorous assessment of coil geometry, stimulation paradigm, rationale for selection of the specific anatomic target, and careful phenotypic and physiologic characterization of the subjects with ET undergoing these interventions may be critical in extending these preliminary findings into effective stimulation therapies.
description: Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements, Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements
Συγκριτική μελέτη της δραστικότητας των τοπικών αναισθητικών με ηλεκτροφυσιολογικές καταγραφές σε ισχιακό νεύρο επίμυος
Creators: name: Bachour, Zaki A.
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2005
Subjects: Μηχανισμός δράσης
Mechanism of action

description: Τα πειραματικά μοντέλα που χρησιμοποιήθηκαν σε αυτ'ην την μελέτη, τόσο in vitro όσο και in vivo αναπτύχθηκαν στο πειραματικό εργαστήριο της Οδοντοφατνιακής Χειρουργικής, Χειρουργικής Εμφυτευματολογίας & Ακτινολογίας στο Οδοντιατρικό Τμήμα του Α.Π.Θ. Έγινε ο έλεγχος και η καταγραφή με ηλεκτροφυσιολογικές καταγραφές in vitro και in vivo σto ισχιακό νεύρο του επίμυος της δραστικότητας των περισσότερο χρησιμοποιούμενων σήμερα τοπικών αναισθητικών διαλυμάτων με στόχους τον ακριβή προσδιορισμό των αναισθητικών χαρακτηριστικών και ιδιοτήτων, την μεταξύ τους σύγκριση αλλά και την διαπίστωση πιθανών διαφορών της αναισθητικής συμπεριφοράς in vitro και in vivo
description: The present experimental models used in this study, in vitro and in vivo were developed in the experimental laboratory of anesthesiology in the Department of Dento-alveolar, Implant Surgery and Radiology in the Dental School in cooperation with the Department of Zoology, Laboratory of Animal Physiology in the School of Biology of Aristotle University of Thessaloniki. Through the recording and evaluation with electrophysiological methods of the compound action potentials in the sciatic nerve of the rat, the purpose of the study was the determination with accuracy of the anesthetic efficiency of five most used local anesthetic solutions, the comparison between them and the existence of possible differences of their anesthetic behavior in vitro and in vivo
High Voltage VIM Region Deep Brain Stimulation Mimicking Progressive Supranuclear Palsy
Creators: name: Patterson, Addie
name: Okun, Michael
name: Hess, Christopher
Publisher: name: Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements
Year: 2017

description: Background: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) for essential tremor (ET) can cause unwanted side effects. Case Report: A patient with ET underwent unilateral dual-lead thalamic DBS. He later developed parkinsonism with atypical features and was diagnosed with progressive supranuclear palsy. During presentation for a second opinion, stimulation-induced side effects were suspected. Inactivation of DBS resolved atypical features and superimposed idiopathic Parkinson Disease (PD) was diagnosed. Discussion: This case illustrates the importance of recognizing the possible influence of stimulation-induced side effects and discusses when to utilize dual-lead DBS for ET and the co-occurrence of ET and PD.
description: Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements, Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements
About Mass, CP and Extra Dimensions
Creators: name: Frère, J. -M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the notion of mass, mostly for fermions, and its relation to the breaking of CP invariance, the natural symmetry of gauge interactions. In a first model, we show how compactification on a Vortex in 2 extra dimensions leads to a replication of generations in 3+1, with challenging mass patterns, and testable consequences in flavour-changing neutral currents (family-number conserving), both at low energies and at future colliders. In different model, we show how CP violation can result from compactification from 4+1 to 3+1 dimensions.
description: conf proceedings CICHEP conference, Cairo
deeplenstronomy: A dataset simulation package for strong gravitational lensing
Creators: name: Morgan, Robert
name: Nord, Brian
name: Birrer, Simon
name: Lin, Joshua Yao-Yu
name: Poh, Jason
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Automated searches for strong gravitational lensing in optical imaging survey datasets often employ machine learning and deep learning approaches. These techniques require more example systems to train the algorithms than have presently been discovered, which creates a need for simulated images as training dataset supplements. This work introduces and summarizes deeplenstronomy, an open-source Python package that enables efficient, large-scale, and reproducible simulation of images of astronomical systems. A full suite of unit tests, documentation, and example notebooks are available at https://deepskies.github.io/deeplenstronomy/ .
description: Published in the Journal of Open Source Software