cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Does Chiral Fermion Coupled to a Background Dilaton Field Preserve Information?
Creators: name: Rahaman, Anisur
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A model where chiral boson is coupled to a background dilaton field is considered to study the s-wave scattering of fermion by a back ground dilaton black hole. It is found that the scattering process of chiral fermion does not violate unitarity and information remains preserved. Faddevian anomaly plays a crucial role on the information scenario.
description: 10 pages latex, no figure
Lukewarm dark matter: Bose condensation of ultralight particles
Creators: name: Lundgren, Andrew P.
name: Bondarescu, Mihai
name: Bondarescu, Ruxandra
name: Balakrishna, Jayashree
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the thermal evolution and Bose-Einstein condensation of ultra-light dark matter particles at finite, realistic cosmological temperatures. We find that if these particles decouple from regular matter before Standard model particles annihilate, their temperature will be about 0.9 K. This temperature is substantially lower than the temperature of CMB neutrinos and thus Big Bang Nucleosynthesis remains unaffected. In addition the temperature is consistent with WMAP 7-year+BAO+H0 observations without fine-tuning. We focus on particles of mass of $m\sim 10^{-23}$ eV, which have Compton wavelengths of galactic scales. Agglomerations of these particles can form stable halos and naturally prohibit small scale structure. They avoid over-abundance of dwarf galaxies and may be favored by observations of dark matter distributions. We present numerical as well as approximate analytical solutions of the Friedmann-Klein-Gordon equations and study the cosmological evolution of this scalar field dark matter from the early universe to the era of matter domination. Today, the particles in the ground state mimic presureless matter, while the excited state particles are radiation like.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures, Accepted by ApJ Letters, Includes Referee Input.
On the stability of two-chunk file-sharing systems
Creators: name: Norros, Ilkka
name: Reittu, Hannu
name: Eirola, Timo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Operating Systems (cs.OS)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60K25, 68M14

description: We consider five different peer-to-peer file sharing systems with two chunks, with the aim of finding chunk selection algorithms that have provably stable performance with any input rate and assuming non-altruistic peers who leave the system immediately after downloading the second chunk. We show that many algorithms that first looked promising lead to unstable or oscillating behavior. However, we end up with a system with desirable properties. Most of our rigorous results concern the corresponding deterministic large system limits, but in two simplest cases we provide proofs for the stochastic systems also.
description: 19 pages, 7 figures
Effective Field Theory for the Perturbations of a Slowly Rotating Black Hole
Creators: name: Hui, Lam
name: Podo, Alessandro
name: Santoni, Luca
name: Trincherini, Enrico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop the effective theory for perturbations around black holes with scalar hair, in two directions. First, we show that the scalar-Gauss--Bonnet theory, often used as an example exhibiting scalar black hole hair, can be deformed by galileon operators leading to order unity changes to its predictions. The effective theory for perturbations thus provides an efficient framework for describing and constraining broad classes of scalar-tensor theories, of which the addition of galileon operators is an example. Second, we extend the effective theory to perturbations around an axisymmetric, slowly rotating black hole, at linear order in the black hole spin. We also discuss the inclusion of parity-breaking operators in the effective theory.
title: Apariencia mamográfica de las microcalcificaciones asociadas al cáncer de mama tras tratamiento neoadyuvante.
Creators: name: Horneros Torres, Judit
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Neoplasia
subject: Calcifications / Calculi
subject: Chemotherapy
subject: Mammography
subject: Breast

description: Objetivos
Material y método
Resultados
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivos:
Evaluar los cambios mamográficos en las microcalcificaciones asociadas al cáncer de mama localmente avanzado (CMLA) tras tratamiento neoadyuvante (TNA),
con correlación histológica y su relación con la respuesta...
title: Signos MUST KNOW en radiología torácica
Creators: name: bañales arnaiz, itziar
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Thorax

description: Objetivos
Material y método
Resultados
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivos:
Enumerar y describir brevemente aquellos signos radiológicos que por su semiología característica,
consideramos básicos para cualquier radiológo ya que facilitan el diagnóstico,
permitiendoreducirlos posiblesdiagnósticos...
title: Masas de partes blandas con hallazgos característicos
Creators: name: Tercero Azorín, Maria Isabel
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Musculoskeletal soft tissue
subject: MR
subject: Ultrasound
subject: CT
subject: Education

description: Objetivo docente
Revisión del tema
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivo docente:
En esta presentación se pretende realizar una aproximación diagnóstica a las masas de partes blandas mediante su estudio con diferentes técnicas de imagen com radiografía simple,
ecografía,
TC y RM.
Nos centraremos en hablar de un subgrupo de...
title: Hallazgos radiológicos de la pancreatitis del surco
Creators: name: Tercero Azorín, Maria Isabel
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: Pancreas
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: Ultrasound

description: Objetivos
Material y método
Resultados
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivos:
El objetivo de este trabajo consiste en describir las características radiológicas así como la clínica y evolución de la pancreatitis del surco. La pancreatitis del surco es un tipo infrecuente de pancreatitis crónica focal que afecta al surco...
The Nagaev-Guivarc'h method via the Keller-Liverani theorem
Creators: name: Hervé, Loïc
name: Pène, Françoise
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The Nagaev-Guivarc'h method, via the perturbation operator theorem of Keller and Liverani, has been exploited in recent papers to establish local limit and Berry-Essen type theorems for unbounded functionals of strongly ergodic Markov chains. The main difficulty of this approach is to prove Taylor expansions for the dominating eigenvalue of the Fourier kernels. This paper outlines this method and extends it by proving a multi-dimensional local limit theorem, a first-order Edgeworth expansion, and a multi-dimensional Berry-Esseen type theorem in the sense of Prohorov metric. When applied to uniformly or geometrically ergodic chains and to iterative Lipschitz models, the above cited limit theorems hold under moment conditions similar, or close, to those of the i.i.d. case.
title: Complicaciones agudas intraabdominales tras procedimientos invasivos o quirúrgicos: correlación clínico-radiológica.
Creators: name: Cordoba Moncada, Elizabeth
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: CT
subject: Ultrasound

description: Objetivo docente
Revisión del tema
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivo docente:
-Describir las complicaciones agudas intraabdominales que ocurren tras la realización de procedimientos invasivos tanto terapeuticos como de diagnóstico. -Correlacionar estas complicaciones con los principales signos y sintomas descritos por los...
Phase diagram of two-color quark matter at nonzero baryon and isospin density
Creators: name: Andersen, Jens O.
name: Brauner, Tomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the properties of cold dense quark matter composed of two colors and two flavors of light quarks. In particular, we perform the first model calculation of the full phase diagram at nonzero baryon and isospin density, thus matching the model-independent predictions of chiral perturbation theory at low density to the conjectured phase structure at high density. We confirm the presence of the Fulde-Ferrell (FF) phase in the phase diagram and study its dependence on the tunable parameter in the Lagrangian that simulates the effects of the quantum axial anomaly. As a byproduct, we clarify the calculation of the thermodynamic potential in the presence of the FF pairing, which was previously based on an ad hoc subtraction of an unphysical cutoff artifact. Furthermore, we argue that close to the diquark (or pion) Bose-Einstein condensation transition, the system behaves as a dilute Bose gas so that our simple fermionic model in the mean-field approximation is not quantitatively adequate. We suggest that including thermal fluctuations of the order parameter for Bose-Einstein condensation is crucial for understanding available lattice data.
description: 14 pages, REVTeX4-1, 7 eps figures; v2: minor modifications + references added; version to be published in Phys. Rev. D
ArchABM: an agent-based simulator of human interaction with the built environment. $CO_2$ and viral load analysis for indoor air quality
Creators: name: Martinez, Iñigo
name: Bruse, Jan L.
name: Florez-Tapia, Ane M.
name: Viles, Elisabeth
name: Olaizola, Igor G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recent evidence suggests that SARS-CoV-2, which is the virus causing a global pandemic in 2020, is predominantly transmitted via airborne aerosols in indoor environments. This calls for novel strategies when assessing and controlling a building's indoor air quality (IAQ). IAQ can generally be controlled by ventilation and/or policies to regulate human-building-interaction. However, in a building, occupants use rooms in different ways, and it may not be obvious which measure or combination of measures leads to a cost- and energy-effective solution ensuring good IAQ across the entire building. Therefore, in this article, we introduce a novel agent-based simulator, ArchABM, designed to assist in creating new or adapt existing buildings by estimating adequate room sizes, ventilation parameters and testing the effect of policies while taking into account IAQ as a result of complex human-building interaction patterns. A recently published aerosol model was adapted to calculate time-dependent carbon dioxide ($CO_2$) and virus quanta concentrations in each room and inhaled $CO_2$ and virus quanta for each occupant over a day as a measure of physiological response. ArchABM is flexible regarding the aerosol model and the building layout due to its modular architecture, which allows implementing further models, any number and size of rooms, agents, and actions reflecting human-building interaction patterns. We present a use case based on a real floor plan and working schedules adopted in our research center. This study demonstrates how advanced simulation tools can contribute to improving IAQ across a building, thereby ensuring a healthy indoor environment.
description: 28 pages, 15 figures, 5 tables. Accepted on Building and Environment Journal, Special Issue on Human interaction with the built environment
title: Puedes ver si soy Disléxico?
Creators: name: Saralegui Prieto, Ibone
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Outcomes analysis
subject: MR-Functional imaging
subject: Neuroradiology brain

description: Objetivos
Material y método
Resultados
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivos:
La dislexia del desarrollo es un desorden neurológico prevalente,
con un origen genético que persiste en la vida y cuyas causas biológicas y cognitivas están aún hoy en día a debate,
un punto clave de gran importancia ya que determinará el...
Pseudospin-phonon pretransitional dynamics in lead halide hybrid perovskites
Creators: name: Hehlen, B.
name: Bourges, P.
name: Rufflé, B.
name: Clément, 1 S.
name: Vialla, R.
name: Ferreira, A. C.
name: Ecolivet, C.
name: Paofai, S.
name: Cordier, S.
name: Katan, C.
name: Létoublon, A.
name: Even, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The low frequency lattice vibrations and relaxations are investigated in single crystals of the four 3D hybrid organolead perovskites, MAPbBr$_3$, FAPbBr$_3$, MAPbI$_3$, and $α$-FAPbI$_3$, at the Brillouin zone center using Raman and Brillouin scattering and at the zone boundary using inelastic neutron scattering. The temperature dependence of the PbX$_6$ lattice modes in the four compounds can be renormalized into universal curves, highlighting a common vibrational dynamics at the cubic to tetragonal transition. In particular, no soft vibration is observed excluding a displacive-like transitional dynamics. The reorientational (pseudospin) motions of the molecular cations exhibit a seemingly order-disorder character recalling that of plastic crystals, but attributed to a secondary order-parameter. At ultra-low frequency, a quasi-elastic component evidenced by Brillouin scattering and associated to the unresolved central peak observed in neutron scattering, is attributed to center of mass anharmonic motions and rattling of the molecular cations in the perovskite cavities. Its partially unexpressed critical behavior at the transition points toward the general importance of defects in HOPs preventing the net divergence of order parameter correlations at the critical temperatures.
description: 10 figures, supplemental file upon request, accepted in PRB
Mesonic and baryonic correlation functions at fine lattice spacings
Creators: name: Capitani, S.
name: Della Morte, M.
name: Endress, E.
name: Juttner, A.
name: Knippschild, B.
name: Wittig, H.
name: Zambrana, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on our on-going project to compute mesonic and baryonic two- and three-point correlation functions in simulations using Nf=2 flavours of O(a) improved Wilson quarks and the Wilson plaquette action. We present performance figures for the DD-HMC algorithm on commodity cluster hardware and discuss the issue of critical slowing down, which is particularly pronounced for the topological charge. The effectiveness of stochastic noise sources and Jacobi smearing are investigated. Our preliminary results obtained at three quark masses on 96x48^3 at beta=5.5 imply that the lattice spacing is about 0.06 fm, while the smallest pion mass in the current runs is around 360 MeV, which corresponds to m_pi*L=5.3.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures, presented at 27 International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory, July 26-31, 2009, Peking University, Beijing, China
Primary nursing as seen by patients and nurses
Creators: name: Konnert, Joanne Norine
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Primary nursing is a system of delivering nursing care when one nurse is responsible and accountable for the assessment of the patient's needs as well as the planning, implementing and evaluating of the nursing care throughout the patient's hospitalization. These activities are done in collaboration with the patient and other members of the health team. This system is a relatively recent development in the field of nursing. There has been little research done to either describe or evaluate primary nursing, particularly in the area of psychiatry. This study was an attempt to include both patients and nurses in such an evaluation. A validated and reliable questionnaire was developed by the author to obtain data related to patients' and nurses’ perceptions of the occurrence, importance and satisfaction of specific primary nursing behaviours. The questionnaire was administered to twenty-nine patients and their primary nurses during the last week of the patient's hospitalization. Nurses and patients reported that primary nursing behaviours related to discharge had a low occurrence rate. However, they attributed a high degree of importance to these same behaviours. Both groups reported a low occurrence and importance score for primary nursing behaviours related to family involvement with the primary nurse and the patient's treatment program. Both nurses and patients agreed on the occurrence and importance of most of the primary nursing behaviours. There was less agreement in the area of satisfaction.
Quarkonium plus prompt-photon associated hadroproduction and nuclear shadowing
Creators: name: Mariotto, C. Brenner
name: Machado, M. V. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quarkonium hadroproduction in association with a photon at high energies provides a probe of the dynamics of the strong interactions as it is dependent on the nuclear gluon distribution. Therefore, it could be used to constrain the behavior of the nuclear gluon distribution in proton-nucleus and nucleus-nucleus collisions. Such processes are useful to single out the magnitude of the shadowing/antishadowing effects in the nuclear parton densities. In this work we investigate the influence of nuclear effects in the production of JPsi + photon and Upsilon + photon and estimate the transverse momentum dependence of the nuclear modification factors. The theoretical framework considered in the JPsi (Upsilon) production associated with a direct photon at the hadron collider is the non-relativistic QCD (NRQCD) factorization formalism.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures. Final version to be published in European Physical Journal C
Second sound and the density response function in uniform superfluid atomic gases
Creators: name: Hu, H.
name: Taylor, E.
name: Liu, X. -J.
name: Stringari, S.
name: Griffin, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently there has been renewed interest in second sound in superfluid Bose and Fermi gases. By using two-fluid hydrodynamic theory, we review the density response $χ_{nn}(\bq,ω)$ of these systems as a tool to identify second sound in experiments based on density probes. Our work generalizes the well-known studies of the dynamic structure factor $S(\bq,ω)$ in superfluid $^4$He in the critical region. We show that, in the unitary limit of uniform superfluid Fermi gases, the relative weight of second vs. first sound in the compressibility sum rule is given by the Landau--Placzek ratio $\lp\equiv (\bar{c}_p-\bar{c}_v)/\bar{c}_v$ for all temperatures below $T_c$. In contrast to superfluid $^4$He, $\lp$ is much larger in strongly interacting Fermi gases, being already of order unity for $T \sim 0.8 T_c$, thereby providing promising opportunities to excite second sound with density probes. The relative weights of first and second sound are quite different in $S(\bq,ω)$ (measured in pulse propagation studies) as compared to $\mathrm{Im}χ_{nn}(\bq,ω)$ (measured in two-photon Bragg scattering). We show that first and second sound in $S(\bq,ω)$ in a strongly interacting Bose-condensed gas are similar to those in a Fermi gas at unitarity. However, in a weakly interacting Bose gas, first and second sound are mainly uncoupled oscillations of the thermal cloud and condensate, respectively, and second sound has most of the spectral weight in $S(\bq,ω)$. We also discuss the behaviour of the superfluid and normal fluid velocity fields involved in first and second sound.
description: 33 pages, 10 figures
Additional file 1 of COPSOQ III in Germany: validation of a standard instrument to measure psychosocial factors at work
Creators: name: Lincke, Hans-Joachim
name: Vomstein, Martin
name: Lindner, Alexandra
name: Nolle, Inga
name: Häberle, Nicola
name: Haug, Ariane
name: Nübling, Matthias
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1. Origins, years of entry, affiliations and variable names of items.
Additional file 2 of COPSOQ III in Germany: validation of a standard instrument to measure psychosocial factors at work
Creators: name: Lincke, Hans-Joachim
name: Vomstein, Martin
name: Lindner, Alexandra
name: Nolle, Inga
name: Häberle, Nicola
name: Haug, Ariane
name: Nübling, Matthias
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2. Bivariate correlations between scales.
Bayesian Analysis of Linear Inverse Problems with Applications in Economics and Finance
Creators: name: Simoni, Anna <1980>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2009
Subjects: SECS-P/05 Econometria

description: In my PhD thesis I propose a Bayesian nonparametric estimation method for structural econometric models where the functional parameter of interest describes the economic agent's behavior. The structural parameter is characterized as the solution of a functional equation, or by using more technical words, as the solution of an inverse problem that can be either ill-posed or well-posed.
From a Bayesian point of view, the parameter of interest is a random function and the solution to the inference problem is the posterior distribution of this parameter. A regular version of the posterior distribution in functional spaces is characterized. However, the infinite dimension of the considered spaces causes a problem of non continuity of the solution and then a problem of inconsistency, from a frequentist point of view, of the posterior distribution (i.e. problem of ill-posedness).
The contribution of this essay is to propose new methods to deal with this problem of ill-posedness. The first one consists in adopting a Tikhonov regularization scheme in the construction of the posterior distribution so that I end up with a new object that I call regularized posterior distribution and that I guess it is solution of the inverse problem.
The second approach consists in specifying a prior distribution on the parameter of interest of the g-prior type. Then, I detect a class of models for which the prior distribution is able to correct for the ill-posedness also in infinite dimensional problems.
I study asymptotic properties of these proposed solutions and I prove that, under some regularity condition satisfied by the true value of the parameter of interest, they are consistent in a "frequentist" sense.
Once I have set the general theory, I apply my bayesian nonparametric methodology to different estimation problems. First, I apply this estimator  to deconvolution  and to hazard rate, density and regression estimation. Then, I consider the estimation of an Instrumental Regression that is useful in micro-econometrics when we have to deal with problems of endogeneity. Finally, I develop an application in finance: I get the bayesian estimator for the equilibrium asset pricing functional by using the Euler equation defined in the Lucas'(1978) tree-type models.
Filtered modules corresponding to potentially semi-stable representations
Creators: name: Imai, Naoki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11F80, 11F85

description: We classify the filtered modules with coefficients corresponding to two-dimensional potentially semi-stable $p$-adic representations of the absolute Galois groups of $p$-adic fields under the assumptions that $p$ is odd and the coefficients are large enough.
description: 19 pages
Cellular and Molecular Biomarkers for Risk Assessment of Colorectal cancer
Creators: name: Zolezzi Moraga, Juan Manuel <1979>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2012
Subjects: BIO/14 Farmacologia

description: The detection of Colorectal Cancer (CRC), at early stages, is one of the proven strategies resulting in a higher cure rate. In recent years, several studies have appeared identifying potential cancer markers in serum, plasma and stool in an attempt to improve actual screening procedures. Thus, the aim of the study was (1) Evaluate MN frequency,  (2) Evaluate plasma ultrafiltrate capacity to induce MN formation, (3) Evaluate SEPT9 and NOTCH3 promoter methylation profile in peripheral blood lymphocytes from subjects resulted positive to fecal occult blood test and examined by colonoscopy. MN frequency was significantly higher in subjects with histological diagnosis of CRC and adenoma than control (p ≤ 0.001 and p ≤ 0.01, respectively). About, CF-MN analysis, a statistically significant difference was observed between CRC and control (p ≤ 0.05). On the other hand, SEPT9 and NOTCH3 promoter methylation status was significantly lower in CRC subjects than controls; additionally, NOTCH3 promoter methylation status was significantly lower in CRC subjects than adenoma subjects (p ≤ 0.01). The results obtained allow conclude that MN frequency varies according CRC pathologic status and, together with other variables, is a valid biomarker for adenoma and CRC risk. Additionally, the plasma of patients affected with CRC not only serve as a biomarker for oxidative stress but also as biomarker of genetic damage correlated with the carcinogenic process that verifies in colon-rectum. SEPT9 and NOTCH3 promoter methylation status, at peripheral blood level, varies according hystopathological changes observed in colon-rectum, suggesting that promoter methylation profile of these genes could be a reliable biomarker for CRC risk.
Scaled down physical properties of semiconductor nanowires for nanoelectronics scaling up
Creators: name: Carapezzi, Stefania <1970>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2014
Subjects: FIS/03 Fisica della materia

description: Semiconductor nanowires (NWs) are one- or quasi one-dimensional systems whose physical properties are unique as compared to bulk materials because of their nanoscaled sizes. They bring together quantum world and semiconductor devices. NWs-based technologies may achieve an impact comparable to that of current microelectronic devices if new challenges will be faced. This thesis primarily focuses on two different, cutting-edge aspects of research over semiconductor NW arrays as pivotal components of NW-based devices. 
The first part deals with the characterization of electrically active defects in NWs. It has been elaborated the set-up of a general procedure which enables to employ Deep Level Transient Spectroscopy (DLTS) to probe NW arrays’ defects. This procedure has been applied to perform the characterization of a specific system, i.e. Reactive Ion Etched (RIE) silicon NW arrays-based Schottky barrier diodes. This study has allowed to shed light over how and if growth conditions introduce defects in RIE processed silicon NWs. 
The second part of this thesis concerns the bowing induced by electron beam and the subsequent clustering of gallium arsenide NWs. After a justified rejection of the mechanisms previously reported in literature, an original interpretation of the electron beam induced bending has been illustrated. Moreover, this thesis has successfully interpreted the formation of NW clusters in the framework of the lateral collapse of fibrillar structures. These latter are both idealized models and actual artificial structures used to study and to mimic the adhesion properties of natural surfaces in lizards and insects (Gecko effect). Our conclusion are that mechanical and surface properties of the NWs, together with the geometry of the NW arrays, play a key role in their post-growth alignment. The same parameters open, then, to the benign possibility of locally engineering NW arrays in micro- and macro-templates.
High sensitivity analysis of BRAF mutations in neoplastic and non-neoplastic thyroid lesions
Creators: name: Cesari, Valentina <1985>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2014
Subjects: MED/04 Patologia generale

description: The clonal distribution of BRAFV600E in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) has been recently debated. No information is currently available about precursor lesions of PTCs.
My first aim was to establish whether the BRAFV600E mutation occurs as a subclonal event in PTCs. My second aim was to screen BRAF mutations in histologically benign tissue of cases with BRAFV600E or BRAFwt PTCs in order to identify putative precursor lesions of PTCs. Highly sensitive semi-quantitative methods were used: Allele Specific LNA quantitative PCR (ASLNAqPCR) and 454 Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS).
For the first aim 155 consecutive formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded (FFPE) specimens of PTCs were analyzed. The percentage of mutated cells obtained was normalized to the estimated number of neoplastic cells. Three groups of tumors were identified: a first had a percentage of BRAF mutated neoplastic cells > 80%; a second group showed a number of BRAF mutated neoplastic cells < 30%; a third group had a distribution of BRAFV600E between 30-80%. The large presence of BRAFV600E mutated neoplastic cell sub-populations suggests that BRAFV600E may be acquired early during tumorigenesis: therefore, BRAFV600E can be heterogeneously distributed in PTC.
For the second aim, two groups were studied: one consisted of 20 cases with BRAFV600E mutated PTC, the other of 9 BRAFwt PTCs. Seventy-five and 23 histologically benign FFPE thyroid specimens were analyzed from the BRAFV600E mutated and BRAFwt PTC groups, respectively.
The screening of BRAF mutations identified BRAFV600E in “atypical” cell foci from both groups of patients. “Unusual” BRAF substitutions were observed in histologically benign thyroid associated with BRAFV600E PTCs. These mutations were very uncommon in the group with BRAFwt PTCs and in BRAFV600E PTCs. Therefore, lesions carrying BRAF mutations may represent “abortive” attempts at cancer development: only BRAFV600E boosts neoplastic transformation to PTC.
BRAFV600E mutated “atypical foci” may represent precursor lesions of BRAFV600E mutated PTCs.
Elemetary processes of radiation damage in organic molecules of biological interest
Creators: name: Castrovilli, Mattea Carmen <1985>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2014
Subjects: CHIM/02 Chimica fisica

description: It was observed in the ‘80s that the radiation damage on biological systems strongly depends on processes occurring at the microscopic level, involving the elementary constituents of biological cells. Since then, lot of attention has been paid to study elementary processes of photo- and ion-chemistry of isolated organic molecule of biological interest. This work fits in this framework and aims to study the radiation damage mechanisms induced by different types of radiations on simple halogenated biomolecules used as radiosensitizers in radiotherapy. The research is focused on the photofragmentation of halogenated pyrimidine molecules (5Br-pyrimidine, 2Br-pyrimidine and 2Cl-pyrimidine) in the VUV range and on the 12C4+ ion-impact fragmentation of the 5Br-uracil and its homogeneous and hydrated clusters.
Although halogen substituted pyrimidines have similar structure to the pyrimidine molecule, their photodissociation dynamics is quite different. These targets have been chosen with the purpose of investigating the effect of the specific halogen atom and site of halogenation on the fragmentation dynamics. Theoretical and experimental studies have highlighted that the site of halogenation and the type of halogen atom, lead either to the preferential breaking of the pyrimidinic ring or to the release of halogen/hydrogen radicals. The two processes can subsequently trigger different mechanisms of biological damage.
To understand the effect of the environment on the fragmentation dynamic of the single molecule, the ion-induced fragmentation of homogenous and hydrated clusters of 5Br-uracil have been studied and compared to similar studies on the isolated molecule.
The results show that the “protective effect” of the environment on the single molecule hold in the homogeneous clusters, but not in the hydrated clusters, where several hydrated fragments have been observed. This indicates that the presence of water molecules can inhibit some fragmentation channels and promote the keto-enol tautomerization, which is very important in the mutagenesis of the DNA.
Audit fees e non-audit fees prima, durante e dopo la pandemia da Covid-19 nelle società quotate italiane: prime evidenze empiriche
Creators: name: Arrighi, Davide
name: Daniele, Mario
Publisher: name: ----
Year: 2025
Subjects: audit fees, non-audit fees, pandemia da Covid-19, tariffe di revisione; revisione legale dei conti

description: Secondo la prevalente letteratura accademica, le tariffe di revisione (audit fees) rappresentano la remunerazione dell’impegno connesso all’attività di revisione legale dei bilanci. Analizzando un campione di 222 società quotate italiane per il periodo 2018-2023, l’articolo si propone di studiare l’andamento delle audit fees alla luce dell’avvenuta pandemia da Covid-19. I risultati suggeriscono che il periodo COVID (identificato con gli anni 2020 e 2021) è stato caratterizzato da una riduzione delle audit fees rispetto al biennio precedente, alla quale però si è accompagnato un contestuale incremento delle non-audit fees, ossia la remunerazione dei servizi di consulenza non connessi alla revisione dei conti. Il biennio 2022-2023, invece, ha visto un incremento delle tariffe di revisione rispetto al periodo precedente alla pandemia, con, al contrario, l’assenza di una variazione significativa delle non-audit fees. Nel complesso, i risultati evidenziano come la remunerazione dell’attività di revisione legale sia stata significativamente impattata dalla diffusione del Covid-19, implicando un minore carico di lavoro connesso alla revisione legale e una maggiore attività di consulenza negli anni 2020-2021 rispetto al periodo ante Covid-19, a cui è seguito un incremento del lavoro legato alla revisione dei bilanci nel biennio 2022-23.
description: ----, Vol 16, No 1 (2025): ISSUE 1/2025
Likelihood analysis of the flavour anomalies and $g-2$ in the general two Higgs doublet model
Creators: name: Athron, Peter
name: Balazs, Csaba
name: Gonzalo, Tomás E.
name: Jacob, Douglas
name: Mahmoudi, Farvah
name: Sierra, Cristian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a likelihood analysis of the general two Higgs doublet model, using the most important currently measured flavour observables, in view of the anomalies in charged current tree-level and neutral current one-loop rare decays of $B$ mesons in $b\to c l \overlineν$ and $b\to sμ^{+}μ^{-}$ transitions, respectively. We corroborate that the model explains the latter and it is able to simultaneously fit the experimental values of the $R(D)$ ratio at $1σ$, but it can not accommodate the $R(D^{*})$ and $F_{L}(D^{*})$ observables. We find that the fitted values for the angular observables in $b\to sμ^{+}μ^{-}$ transitions exhibit better agreement with the general two Higgs double model in comparison to the SM. We also make predictions for future collider observables $\mathrm{BR}(t\to ch)$, $\mathrm{BR}(h\to bs)$, $\mathrm{BR}(h\to τμ)$, $\mathrm{BR}(B_{s}\rightarrowτ^{+}τ^{-})$, $\mathrm{BR}(B^{+}\rightarrow K^{+}τ^{+}τ^{-})$ and the flavour violating decays of the $τ$ lepton, $\mathrm{BR}(τ\rightarrow3μ)$ and $\mathrm{BR}(τ\toμγ)$. The model predicts values of $\mathrm{BR}(t\to ch)$, $\mathrm{BR}(B_{s}\rightarrowτ^{+}τ^{-})$ and $\mathrm{BR}(B^{+}\rightarrow K^{+}τ^{+}τ^{-})$ that are out of reach of future experiments, but its predictions for $\mathrm{BR}(h\to bs)$ and $\mathrm{BR}(h\to τμ)$ are within the future sensitivity of the HL-LHC or the ILC. We also find that the predictions for the $τ\rightarrow3μ$ and $τ\toμγ$ decays are well within the projected limits of the Belle II experiment. Finally, using the latest measurement of the Fermilab Muon $g-2$ Collaboration, we performed a simultaneous fit to $Δa_μ$ constrained by the charged anomalies, finding solutions at the $1σ$ level. Once the neutral anomalies are included, however, a simultaneous explanation is unfeasible.
description: 49 pages, 18 figures, new references, fixed typos
Parity and Time Reversal Invariance Violation in Neutron-Nucleus Scattering
Creators: name: Flambaum, V. V.
name: Mansour, A. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Parity violating (PV) as well as parity and time-reversal invariance violating (PTRIV) effects are enhanced a million times in neutron reactions near p-wave compound resonances. We present the calculation of such effects using a statistical theory based on the properties of chaotic eigenstates and discuss a possibility to extract the strength constants of PTRIV interactions from the experimental data, including nucleon-nucleon and pion-nucleon CP-violating interactions, the QCD theta-term and the quark chromo-EDM. PV effects have random sign for all target nuclei except for 232Th, where PV effects of a positive sign have been observed for ten statistically significant p-wave resonances, with energy smaller than 250 eV. This may be an indication of a possible regular (non-chaotic) contribution to PV effects. We link this regular effect to the doublets of opposite parity states in the rotation spectra of nuclei with an octupole deformation and suggest other target nuclei where this hypothesis may be tested. We also discuss a permanent sign contribution produced by doorway states. An estimate of the ratio of PTRIV effects to PV effects is presented. Although a polarised target is not needed for the measurement of PV effects, for the interpretation of the results, it may be convenient to do both PV and PTRIV experiments with a polarised target.
description: We have added an estimate of the axion contribution to PTRIV interactions, as well as an additional Appendix C, in which we discuss nuclei with a potential octupole deformation as candidates for the permanent sign effect
Dynamics of Two Distinct Exciton Populations in Methyl-functionalized Germanane
Creators: name: Cinquanta, Eugenio
name: Sardar, Samim
name: Huey, Warren L. B.
name: Vozzi, Caterina
name: Goldberger, Joshua E.
name: D'Andrea, Cosimo
name: Gadermaier, Christoph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Methyl-substituted Germanane is an emerging material that has been proposed for novel applications in optoelectronics, photoelectrocatalysis, and biosensors. It is a two-dimensional semiconductor with a strong above-gap fluorescence associated with water intercalation. Here, we use time-resolved photoluminescence spectroscopy to understand the mechanism causing this fluorescence. We show that it originates from two distinct exciton populations. Both populations recombine exponentially, accompanied by the thermally activated transfer of exciton population from the shorter- to the longer-lived type. The two exciton populations involve different electronic levels and couple to different phonons. The longer-lived type of exciton migrates within the disordered energy landscape of localized recombination centers. These outcomes shed light on the fundamental optical and electronic properties of functionalized germanane, enabling the groundwork for future applications in optoelectronics, light-harvesting, and sensing.
description: 18 pages, 3 figures
Population processes in Peromyscus: an experimental approach
Creators: name: Fairbairn, Daphne Janice
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This study examined seasonal variability in demography, genetic composition, and behavior, in populations of deermice (Peromyscus maniculatus), Particular attention was paid to the possible role of aggression and dispersal in determining densities. Three types of populations were examined by means of biweekly live-trapping: undisturbed populations, a population removed continuously, and a population removed annually, at the onset of breeding. The two removal experiments sampled dispersing mice. The genetic data consisted of allelic frequencies at three blood protein loci, detected by starch gel electrophoresis: transferrin, an esterase, and glutamate oxalate transaminase. Behavior of field animals was examined in three laboratory tests. Females which began breeding in early spring suffered heavy mortality, and this resulted in a decline in female density. Females heterozygous at only one locus were selected for over this period. Males became aggressive and spaced themselves out as they began breeding, and light-weight, less aggressive males dispersed. This resulted in a decline in male density. While males were breeding, juveniles, particularly juvenile males, survived poorly, and few entered the populations. Light, non-breeding, subordinate males continued to disperse. As breeding stopped, males which continued to breed moved around, and juveniles survived well. The population increased to its maximum density in late fall. Over the winter, survival was good, dispersal low, and spacing behavior at its minimum. Dispersing males were lighter, showed less aggression in a neutral arena, and were more active than resident males. They differed genetically from residents, although there was no evidence of selection on males in control populations. Dispersing females were lighter, showed less exploratory behavior in an unfamiliar maze, and were more active than resident females. Dispersal was not selective in females. Populations settling in a depopulated area continued to differ genetically from control populations, but within two months resembled control populations demographically and behaviorally. The only difference was that a lower proportion of colonists bred, and this was compensated for by recruitment of juveniles from surrounding areas. The major hypotheses suggested by this study are: 1) Spacing out and dispersal of males in the spring is a response to mortality of early-breeding females, and thus it is this latter mortality which determines breeding densities. 2) Dispersal has two components: dispersal of subordinate mice in response to social pressure, and innate dispersal of more spontaneously active mice.
title: О сохранении энергии в общей теории относительности
Creators: name: Грановский, Яков
Publisher: name: Новгородский государственный университет имени Ярослава Мудрого (НовГУ)
Year: 2022

description: В предлагаемой статье показано, что в гармонических системах координат псевдотензор энергии-импульса гравитационного поля является однозначной функцией характеристик макроскопических тел.
Energy losses in a hot plasma revisited
Creators: name: Peigne, S.
name: Smilga, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a mini-review of the problem of evaluating the energy loss of a ultrarelativistic charged particle crossing a thermally equilibrated high temperature e+e- or quark-gluon plasma.
description: 63 pages. Some references added, and a few small changes in the text, in conformity with the published version
A Trotter-type approach to infinite rate mutually catalytic branching
Creators: name: Klenke, Achim
name: Oeler, Mario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Dawson and Perkins [Ann. Probab. 26 (1988) 1088--1138] constructed a stochastic model of an interacting two-type population indexed by a countable site space which locally undergoes a mutually catalytic branching mechanism. In Klenke and Mytnik [Preprint (2008), arXiv:0901.0623], it is shown that as the branching rate approaches infinity, the process converges to a process that is called the infinite rate mutually catalytic branching process (IMUB). It is most conveniently characterized as the solution of a certain martingale problem. While in the latter reference, a noise equation approach is used in order to construct a solution to this martingale problem, the aim of this paper is to provide a Trotter-type construction. The construction presented here will be used in a forthcoming paper, Klenke and Mytnik [Preprint (2009)], to investigate the long-time behavior of IMUB (coexistence versus segregation of types). This paper is partly based on the Ph.D. thesis of the second author (2008), where the Trotter approach was first introduced.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/09-AOP488 the Annals of Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aop/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
VRRW on complete-like graphs: Almost sure behavior
Creators: name: Limic, Vlada
name: Volkov, Stanislav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: By a theorem of Volkov (2001) we know that on most graphs with positive probability the linearly vertex-reinforced random walk (VRRW) stays within a finite "trapping" subgraph at all large times. The question of whether this tail behavior occurs with probability one is open in general. In his thesis, Pemantle (1988) proved, via a dynamical system approach, that for a VRRW on any complete graph the asymptotic frequency of visits is uniform over vertices. These techniques do not easily extend even to the setting of complete-like graphs, that is, complete graphs ornamented with finitely many leaves at each vertex. In this work we combine martingale and large deviation techniques to prove that almost surely the VRRW on any such graph spends positive (and equal) proportions of time on each of its nonleaf vertices. This behavior was previously shown to occur only up to event of positive probability (cf. Volkov (2001)). We believe that our approach can be used as a building block in studying related questions on more general graphs. The same set of techniques is used to obtain explicit bounds on the speed of convergence of the empirical occupation measure.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/10-AAP687 the Annals of Applied Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aap/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)