cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
All (en)tangled up: school gardens research in conversation with our human and non-human companions
Creators: name: Liou, Yu Chyi David
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: This thesis is about listening to the “unacknowledged 'stories' present in all objects that surround us” (Knoespel, 1991, p. 109). It is about listening to the voices of the garden – the academics, children, teachers, parents – and “Hey! Don’t forget about rocks!” (as well as other non-human and more-than-human beings). It is about embracing these voices and the conversations that might crop up between them, however discomforting, encouraging, self-questioning, and world-collapsing they may be. Through cacophonic back-and-forths between these voices, I come across an accidental method/ology (Cole, 2017) for researching school gardens. One that embraces, that becomes through, Aaccidental stumblings and stutterings, unexpected encounters with odd characters, tinkering here and playing there, these are the onto-epistemological tendencies of such a method/ology. And in being so, it becomes a way of rejecting academic preferences for anthropocentric and Eurowestern understandings (Martusewicz, Edmunson & Lupinacci, 2011). A methodology that is concerned not with how we as humans can benefit from the garden but how we are part of it, inextricably – if not accidentally – entangled within a messy “web of community obligations” (Apffel-Marglin, 2011, p. 37). A methodology that honours gardening – and working in a school garden – as co-journeying alongside our human, non-human, and more-than-human companions. What might such a co-journeying look, smell, taste, feel, sound like? What knowledges might it uncover? What conversations might we stumble upon? I present here a conceptual work; a “narrative experiment” (Gough, 2010). The characters are awkward and contentious – informed by narrative theory, agential realism, Indigenous knowledge systems, ecocriticism, poststructuralism, posthumanism. The gathering place is the garden, both the physical garden that we tend to with our hands and hearts and the garden within, our “ecology of mind” (Bateson, 1987), wherein we sow and harvest our fruits of knowledge. The medium is a story, a children’s story. A fun one, an imaginative one. And the plot is an exciting co-journeying, from the well-mapped above-ground garden into the unfamiliar below-ground garden. And with such a shift in positioning comes a shift in optics, to reconfigure those that we research not as researched-objects but as our co-researchers.
Coupled Quintessence and the Halo Mass Function
Creators: name: Tarrant, Ewan R. M.
name: van de Bruck, Carsten
name: Copeland, Edmund J.
name: Green, Anne M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A sufficiently light scalar field slowly evolving in a potential can account for the dark energy that presently dominates the universe. This quintessence field is expected to couple directly to matter components, unless some symmetry of a more fundamental theory protects or suppresses it. Such a coupling would leave distinctive signatures in the background expansion history of the universe and on cosmic structure formation, particularly at galaxy cluster scales. Using semi--analytic expressions for the CDM halo mass function, we make predictions for halo abundance in models where the quintessence scalar field is coupled to cold dark matter, for a variety of quintessence potentials. We evaluate the linearly extrapolated density contrast at the redshift of collapse using the spherical collapse model and we compare this result to the corresponding prediction obtained from the non--linear perturbation equations in the Newtonian limit. For all the models considered in this work, if there is a continuous flow of energy from the quintessence scalar field to the CDM component, then the predicted number of CDM haloes can only lie below that of $Λ$CDM, when each model shares the same cosmological parameters today. In the last stage of our analysis we perform a global MCMC fit to data to find the best fit values for the cosmological model parameters. We find that for some forms of the quintessence potential, coupled dark energy models can offer a viable alternative to $Λ$CDM in light of the recent detections of massive high--$z$ galaxy clusters, while other models of coupled quintessence predict a smaller number of massive clusters at high redshift compared to $Λ$CDM.
description: 18 pages, 10 figures. Minor typos corrected, discussion extended. Version to appear in PRD
Comparison of formaldehyde with established crosslinkers to characterize transient protein structures using mass spectrometry
Creators: name: Srinivasa, Savita
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Chemical cross-linking along with mass spectrometry can elucidate protein geometry by introducing stabilizing covalent linkages as distance constraints. Formaldehyde’s small size allows it to quickly permeate the cellular membrane without external manipulation and preserve close-proximity and transient protein interactions under physiological conditions. Despite its established uses in biology and compatibility with mass spectrometry, formaldehyde has not yet been applied to structural proteomics, which other cross-linkers have already accomplished. In this thesis, formaldehyde along with four other established cross-linkers (three Nhydroxysuccinimide ester cross-linkers and one zero-length cross-linker), varying in size and reactivity, were shown to capture Ribonuclease S and the Ca²⁺-free calmodulin-melittin, which are two weak protein complexes. It was demonstrated that the yield of close-proximity crosslinking from zero-length and formaldehyde cross-linkers reflected the dissociation constants of both transient complexes. A comparison between the identification of formaldehyde and established crosslinked species via first stage mass spectrometry (MS) and tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) provided insight into what evidence is sufficient to confirm formaldehyde cross-linked species. Cross-linked species from all cross-linkers were identified via MS/MS in the Ca²⁺-free calmodulin-melittin. These were used to impose different distance constraints to examine the unknown binding orientation of Ca²⁺-free calmodulin to melittin. The relatively straightforward discovery of N-hydroxysuccinimide ester cross-linking was offset by its large size and ambiguous distance constraints that may not be suitable for small proteins. Although zero-length cross-linkers create close proximity linkages, the high abundance of its reactive sites in calmodulin-melittin produced diversified products, complicating mass spectrometric detection. The increased complexity in identifying formaldehyde reaction products via mass spectrometry was due to its reactivity with several amino acids. This work represents the first report of formaldehyde cross-links identified between non-covalently associated protein components, supporting formaldehyde’s ability to stabilize weak interactions. Four formaldehyde crosslinking sites were localized in calmodulin-melittin, and the mechanisms of the formation of these cross-links were revealed using in vivo-like conditions. The uniformity of formaldehyde crosslink localization reflected the uniform binding structure of calmodulin. Furthermore, the binding orientation of calmodulin and melittin captured by formaldehyde was shown to be most consistent with recent literature compared to the other cross-linkers.
Poster: Reproducible Research is more than Publishing Research Artefacts – A Systematic Analysis of Jupyter Notebooks from Research Articles
Creators: name: Schröder, Max
name: Krüger, Frank
name: Spors, Sascha
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Reproducibility
Jupyter Notebooks
Systematic Analysis
Open Access

description: Poster of the preliminary results on a systematic reproducibility analysis of jupyter notebooks that were published supplementary to research articles. These results were published within the proceedings of the DAGA 2019 (the annual conference of the German Acoustical Society, DEGA).
Legal and Ethical Perspectives on Euthanasia: A Comparative Study of India and Canada
Creators: name: G, Bhaghamma
name: (Dr.) Ramesh, Prof.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Pacific Peoples customary law

description: This comparative study explores the legal and ethical perspectives on euthanasia in India and Canada. Euthanasia, also known as assisted dying, is a complex and controversial issue that raises questions about autonomy, dignity, suffering, and the role of healthcare professionals in end-of-life decision-making. In Canada, euthanasia is legal under certain circumstances, following the Supreme Court's decision in the Carter case in 2015. The Medical Assistance in Dying (MAID) Act came into effect in 2016, which allows eligible patients to receive medical assistance in dying with the supervision of a medical practitioner. However, the law has strict criteria for eligibility, and there is ongoing debate about expanding its scope. In India, euthanasia is illegal under the Indian Penal Code. However, there have been several high-profile cases in recent years that have brought the issue to public attention, such as the Aruna Shanbaug case in 2011. The debate in India has focused on the right to die with dignity and the need for a legal framework that addresses end- of-life care and decision-making. This study compares the legal frameworks and ethical perspectives on euthanasia in both countries, examining the cultural and historical factors that shape attitudes towards end-of-life care. It explores the role of religion, family, and social values in shaping public opinion and policy and considers the impact of globalisation and changing demographics on the debate.
Global and local condensate and superfluid fraction of a few hard core bosons in a cubic optical lattice plus external harmonic confinement
Creators: name: Sakhel, Asaad R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the global and local condensate and superfluid (SF) fractions in a system of a few hard core (HC) bosons (N=8 and N=40) trapped inside a combined harmonic optical cubic lattice (CHOCL) at T=0 K. The condensate fraction (CF) is computed for individual lattice wells by separating the one-body density matrix (OBDM) of the whole system into components at the various lattice sites. Then each "lattice-site" component is diagonalized to find its eigenvalues. The eigenvalues are obtained by a method presented earlier [Dubois and Glyde, Phys. Rev. A {\bf 63}, 023602 (2001)]. The effects of interference between the condensates in the lattice wells on the CF in one well is also investigated. The SF fraction (SFF) is calculated for N=40 by using the diffusion formula of Pollock and Ceperley [Pollock and Ceperley, Phys. Rev. B {\bf 36}, 8343 (1987)]. Our chief result is an opposing behavior of the global CF and SFF with increasing lattice wave vector $k$. In addition, the CF in a lattice well is enhanced by the interference with its neighbor wells beyond the result when the interference is neglected. The global SF is depleted with a rise of the repulsion between the bosons, yet at very strong interaction superfluidity is still present. The global CF remains almost constant with increasing HC repulsion. A reduction in the lattice dimension, i.e. an increase in the lattice wave vector, increases the local CF in each lattice well, but reduces the corresponding local SFF. At large HC repulsion, a coexisting SF-(vacuum)MI phase is established.
description: The tables in the previous withdrawn version (v2) have been corrected and the article updated. This is the final version which has been submitted to Phys. Rev. A
An evaluation of enhancing social tagging with a knowledge organization system
Creators: name: Matthews, Brian
name: Golub, Koraljka
name: Jones, Catherine
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: follksonomy
subject: social tagging
subject: knowledge organisation system
subject: KOS
subject: controlled vocabulary
subject: https://iskouk.org/subjects/16LVUVBG
subject: https://iskouk.org/subjects/00I8GP8X
subject: https://iskouk.org/subjects/PRUIHEDJ
subject: https://iskouk.org/subjects/FVKXA4HR
subject: https://iskouk.org/subjects/MCBV57TL

description: Abstract
 Traditional subject indexing and classification are considered infeasible in many digital
 collections. Automated means and social tagging are often suggested as the two possible
 solutions. Both, however, have disadvantages and, depending on the purpose of use or context,
 require additional manual input. This study investigates ways of enhancing social tagging via
 knowledge organization systems, with a view to improving the quality of tags for increased
 information discovery and retrieval performance. Benefits of using both social tags and controlled
 terms are also explored, including enriching knowledge organization systems with new concepts.
Graph Varieties in High Dimension
Creators: name: Enkosky, Thomas
name: Martin, Jeremy L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C62, 14N20

description: We study the \emph{picture space} $X^d(G)$ of all embeddings of a finite graph $G$ as point-and-line arrangements in an arbitrary-dimensional projective space, continuing previous work on the planar case. The picture space admits a natural decomposition into smooth quasiprojective subvarieties called \emph{cellules}, indexed by partitions of the vertex set of $G$, and the irreducible components of $X^d(G)$ correspond to cellules that are maximal with respect to a partial order on partitions that is in general weaker than refinement. We study both general properties of this partial order and its characterization for specific graphs. Our results include complete combinatorial descriptions of the irreducible components of the picture spaces of complete graphs and complete multipartite graphs, for any ambient dimension $d$. In addition, we give two graph-theoretic formulas for the minimum ambient dimension in which the directions of edges in an embedding of $G$ are mutually constrained.
description: 11 pages, 1 figure; minor revisions; final version to appear in Beitr. Alg. Geom
Lunar ejecta origin of near-Earth asteroid Kamo`oalewa is compatible with rare orbital pathways
Creators: name: Castro-Cisneros, Jose Daniel
name: Malhotra, Renu
name: Rosengren, Aaron J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Near-Earth asteroid, Kamo'oalewa (469219), is one of a small number of known quasi-satellites of Earth; it transitions between quasi-satellite and horseshoe orbital states on centennial timescales, maintaining this dynamics over megayears. The similarity of its reflectance spectrum to lunar silicates and its Earth-like orbit both suggest that it originated from the lunar surface. Here we carry out numerical simulations of the dynamical evolution of particles launched from different locations on the lunar surface with a range of ejection velocities in order to assess the hypothesis that Kamo`oalewa originated as a debris-fragment from a meteoroidal impact with the lunar surface. As these ejecta escape the Earth-Moon environment, they face a dynamical barrier for entry into Earth's co-orbital space. However, a small fraction of launch conditions yields outcomes that are compatible with Kamo`oalewa's orbit. The most favored conditions are launch velocities slightly above the escape velocity from the trailing lunar hemisphere.
On Square Roots of the Haar State on Compact Quantum Groups
Creators: name: Franz, Uwe
name: Skalski, Adam
name: Tomatsu, Reiji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 17B37, 43A05, 46L65

description: The paper is concerned with the extension of the classical study of probability measures on a compact group which are square roots of the Haar measure, due to Diaconis and Shahshahani, to the context of compact quantum groups. We provide a simple characterisation for compact quantum groups which admit no non-trivial square roots of the Haar state in terms of their corepresentation theory. In particular it is shown that such compact quantum groups are necessarily of Kac type and their subalgebras generated by the coefficients of a fixed two-dimensional irreducible corepresentation are isomorphic (as finite quantum groups) to the algebra of functions on the group of unit quaternions. An example of a quantum group whose Haar state admits no nontrivial square root and which is neither commutative nor cocommutative is given.
description: 23 pages, v2 simplifies the constructions of examples in Section 6 and corrects some typos. The paper will appear in the Journal of Pure and Applied Algebra
Global gravitational instability of FLRW backgrounds - interpreting the dark sectors
Creators: name: Roy, Xavier
name: Buchert, Thomas
name: Carloni, Sante
name: Obadia, Nathaniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The standard model of cosmology is based on homogeneous-isotropic solutions of Einstein's equations. These solutions are known to be gravitationally unstable to local inhomogeneous perturbations, commonly described as evolving on a background given by the same solutions. In this picture, the FLRW backgrounds are taken to describe the average over inhomogeneous perturbations for all times. We study in the present article the (in)stability of FLRW dust backgrounds within a class of averaged inhomogeneous cosmologies. We examine the phase portraits of the latter, discuss their fixed points and orbital structure and provide detailed illustrations. We show that FLRW cosmologies are unstable in some relevant cases: averaged models are driven away from them through structure formation and accelerated expansion. We find support for the proposal that the dark components of the FLRW framework may be associated to these instability sectors. Our conclusion is that FLRW cosmologies have to be considered critically as for their role to serve as reliable models for the physical background.
description: 15 pages, 13 figures, 1 table. Matches published version in CQG
Charged-particle oscillation in DC voltage biased plane-parallel conductors
Creators: name: Cho, Sung Nae
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The phenomenon of charged-particle oscillation in DC voltage biased plane-parallel conductors is discussed. Traditionally accepted mechanism for explaining the oscillatory behavior of charged particles in such system attributes the phenomenon to a process of charge exchange, which takes place when charged-particle is in close proximity to one of the electrodes. A novel finding here reveals that for microscopic or smaller particles under special circumstances, charged-particle oscillation does not involve charge exchanges. Such system radiates and the frequency of emitted radiation is controlled by a DC voltage biased across the two plane-parallel electrodes.
description: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1106.2444
Digital Ecologies. The use of digital tool Juncture in Modern Greek Poetry (19th-20th centuries)
Creators: name: Zampaki, Nikoleta
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Modern Literature
subject: Digital Humanities
subject: Arts and Humanities

description: The aim of this post-doc research is to study the field of Digital Environmental Humanities by aiming to explore the concept of digital ecologies in Modern Greek Poetry (19th-20th centuries). The digitalization and visualization of data (poetic references for flora) will be done via Juncture, an open access digital tool powered by Jstor Labs. This post-doc research is conducted at the National and Kapodistrian University of Athens in Greece, under the supervision of Dr. Peggy Karpouzou, Assistant Professor of Theory of Literature at the same Faculty and University.
Supplementary material from Modes of climate variability bridge proximate and evolutionary mechanisms of masting
Creators: name: Ascoli, Davide
name: Hacket-Pain, Andrew
name: Pearse, Ian
name: Vacchiano, Giorgio
name: Corti, Susanna
name: Davini, Paolo
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Science
subject: Ecology
subject: 60102 Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: 10202 Biological Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The supplementary material include a glossary of main climate terminology used in the main text and original analyses that support theories discussed in the study
Sr$_6$Co$_5$0{$_1$$_5$}: non-one-dimensional behavior of a charge ordered structurally quasi-one-dimensional oxide
Creators: name: Botana, A. S.
name: Botta, P. M.
name: de la Calle, C.
name: Piñeiro, A.
name: Pardo, V.
name: Baldomir, D.
name: Alonso, J. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have synthesized Sr$_6$Co$_5$O$_{15}$, a quasi-one-dimensional oxide, measured its magnetic properties and calculated its electronic structure by ab initio techniques. We have found strong evidence for its electronic and magnetic behavior not to follow the trend of its structural series. The magnetic coupling inside the CoO$_3$ chains is not purely ferromagnetic, the long-range coupling inside them is very weak. The Co moments are slightly canted due to their large orbital angular momenta being oriented along each particular quantization axis, that is different for each Co$^{4+}$ atom in the structure. Our thermopower calculations are in agreement with the experiment, supporting our model of the magnetic ground state of the compound.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures, 3 tables
อิทธิพลของการบริหารทรัพยากรมนุษย์ที่มีต่อบรรยากาศองค์กร และผลการปฏิบัติงานของบุคลากรโรงพยาบาลสุรินทร์
Creators: name: สุภัทรา สงครามศรี
Publisher: name: โรงพิมพ์มหาวิทยาลัยราชภัฏมหาสารคาม
Year: 2560
Subjects: การบริหารทรัพยากรมนุษย์
บรรยากาศองค์กร
ผลการปฏิบัติงาน
โรงพยาบาลสุรินทร์

description: วารสารวิชาการ คณะวิทยาการจัดการ, 2, 3, 21-37
อิทธิพลของสื่อโฆษณาโทรศัพท์มือถือสมาร์ทโฟนที่มีต่อพฤติกรรมการตัดสินใจซื้อ โทรศัพท์มือถือสมาร์ทโฟนของนักศึกษามหาวิทยาลัยสยาม 2558
Creators: name: เอกสิทธิ์ อวยชัยวัฒน์
name: ปวรรศ จันทร์เพ็ญ
Publisher: name: โรงพิมพ์มหาวิทยาลัยราชภัฏมหาสารคาม
Year: 2560
Subjects: สื่อโฆษณา
โทรศัพท์มือถือสมาร์ทโฟน
พฤติกรรม

description: วารสารวิชาการ คณะวิทยาการจัดการ, 2, 3, 38-45
แนวคิดเศรษฐกิจสร้างสรรค์และการรับรู้คุณค่าผลิตภัณฑ์
Creators: name: พราว อรุณรังสีเวช
name: รตจิตร อรุณรังสีเวช
Publisher: name: โรงพิมพ์มหาวิทยาลัยราชภัฏมหาสารคาม
Year: 2560
Subjects: แนวคิดเศรษฐกิจสร้างสรรค์
การรับรู้คุณค่าผลิตภัณฑ์
นิเทศศาสตร์
คุณธรรมจริยธรรม

description: วารสารวิชาการ คณะวิทยาการจัดการ, 2, 3, 47-63
The political economy of marine conservation
Creators: name: Alger, Justin
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Beginning in the mid-2000s, governments increasingly began relying on marine protected areas (MPAs) larger than 200,000 km2 to help combat declining ocean health. This research asks two questions about this new phenomenon: why have large MPAs emerged as a part of the solution to ocean decline despite uncertain and disputed conservation potential, and what explains variance in how governments locate and manage large MPAs? To answer these questions, I propose a novel framework of environmental norm diffusion that divides the process into two stages: an international norm adoption stage, followed by a domestic norm localization stage. My argument is twofold. First, large MPAs have emerged as a part of a new global norm of large MPAs, with a select few transnational environmental NGOs (ENGOs) strategically targeting prospective sites in the absence of a cohesive multilateral civil society coalition. And second, governments make decisions about where to locate and how to manage a large MPA based on the salience of extractive and non-extractive industry interests within it. These interests are a function of an industry’s intensity of activity, factor specificity, asset specificity, and exogenous stressors. The configuration of industry interests based on these indicators determines the type of stakeholder coalition that forms in a large MPA negotiation process. States then make decisions about large MPA location and management based on which stakeholder group they have aligned their interests with. I explore these arguments through three case studies: the 2014 expansion of the Pacific Remote Islands Marine National Monument in the US, the 2012 Coral Sea Commonwealth Marine Reserve in Australia, and the 2015 Palau National Marine Sanctuary in Palau. These case studies reflect state coalitions with ENGOs, the commercial fishing sector, and the ecotourism sector, respectively. This research uses a process tracing methodology that draws from 74 semi-structured fieldwork interviews in Australia, Palau, and the US. Interviewees include ENGO representatives, business owners and managers, industry association representatives, government officials, and marine scientists.
Exploring Key Contractual Clauses for Joint Ventures under Indian Commercial Laws
Creators: name: G, Bhaghamma
name: Ramesh, Prof.(Dr.)
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Pacific Peoples customary law

description: This article discusses the various contractual clauses in joint venture agreements under Indian commercial laws. The joint venture structure is becoming increasingly popular in India due to its advantages. However, joint ventures can be complex and require careful drafting of agreements to avoid disputes. The article highlights key clauses such as the management and control clauses, confidentiality clauses, non-compete clauses, termination clauses, and shareholders' rights clauses. The article also discusses the importance of incorporating a severability clause to ensure that the enforceable clauses of the contract are saved in case of unenforceability of a clause. Henceforth, the article provides insight into the legal considerations for drafting effective joint venture agreements in India.
Modeling dielectric half-wave plates for cosmic microwave background polarimetry using a Mueller matrix formalism
Creators: name: Bryan, Sean A.
name: Montroy, Thomas E.
name: Ruhl, John E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive an analytic formula using the Mueller matrix formalism that parameterizes the nonidealities of a half-wave plate (HWP) made from dielectric antireflection-coated birefringent slabs. This model accounts for frequency-dependent effects at normal incidence, including effects driven by the reflections at dielectric boundaries. The model also may be used to guide the characterization of an instrument that uses a HWP. We discuss the coupling of a HWP to different source spectra, and the potential impact of that effect on foreground removal for the SPIDER cosmic microwave background experiment. We also describe a way to use this model in a mapmaking algorithm that fully corrects for HWP nonidealities.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures; accepted for publication in Applied Optics
On linear intervals in the alt $ν$-Tamari lattices
Creators: name: Ceballos, Cesar
name: Chenevière, Clément
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 06A07, 06B05, 05A19

description: Given a lattice path $ν$, the $ν$-Tamari lattice and the $ν$-Dyck lattice are two natural examples of partial order structures on the set of lattice paths that lie weakly above $ν$. In this paper, we introduce a more general family of lattices, called alt $ν$-Tamari lattices, which contains these two examples as particular cases. Unexpectedly, we show that all these lattices have the same number of linear intervals.
description: 22 pages, 23 figures
Niche as a determinant of word fate in online groups
Creators: name: Altmann, Eduardo G.
name: Pierrehumbert, Janet B.
name: Motter, Adilson E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Patterns of word use both reflect and influence a myriad of human activities and interactions. Like other entities that are reproduced and evolve, words rise or decline depending upon a complex interplay between {their intrinsic properties and the environments in which they function}. Using Internet discussion communities as model systems, we define the concept of a word niche as the relationship between the word and the characteristic features of the environments in which it is used. We develop a method to quantify two important aspects of the size of the word niche: the range of individuals using the word and the range of topics it is used to discuss. Controlling for word frequency, we show that these aspects of the word niche are strong determinants of changes in word frequency. Previous studies have already indicated that word frequency itself is a correlate of word success at historical time scales. Our analysis of changes in word frequencies over time reveals that the relative sizes of word niches are far more important than word frequencies in the dynamics of the entire vocabulary at shorter time scales, as the language adapts to new concepts and social groupings. We also distinguish endogenous versus exogenous factors as additional contributors to the fates of words, and demonstrate the force of this distinction in the rise of novel words. Our results indicate that short-term nonstationarity in word statistics is strongly driven by individual proclivities, including inclinations to provide novel information and to project a distinctive social identity.
description: Supporting Information is available here: http://www.plosone.org/article/fetchSingleRepresentation.action?uri=info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0019009.s001
Dark matter electron anisotropy: a universal upper limit
Creators: name: Borriello, Enrico
name: Maccione, Luca
name: Cuoco, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the dipole anisotropy in the arrival directions of high energy CR electrons and positrons (CRE) of Dark Matter (DM) origin. We show that this quantity is very weakly model dependent and offers a viable criterion to discriminate among CRE from DM or from local discrete sources, like e.g. pulsars. In particular, we find that the maximum anisotropy which DM can provide is to a very good approximation a universal quantity and, as a consequence, if a larger anisotropy is detected, this would constitute a strong evidence for the presence of astrophysical local discrete CRE sources, whose anisotropy, instead, can be naturally larger than the DM upper limit. We further find that the main source of anisotropy from DM is given by the fluctuation in the number density of DM sub-structures in the vicinity of the observer and we thus devote special attention to the study of the variance in the sub-structures realization implementing a dedicated Montecarlo simulation. Such scenarios will be probed in the next years by Fermi-LAT, providing new hints, or constraints, about the nature of DM.
description: 23 pages, 7 figures
Transport properties and microstructure of mono- and seven-core wires of FeSe1-xTex superconductor by Fe-diffusion powder-in-tube method
Creators: name: Ozaki, Toshinori
name: Deguchi, Keita
name: Mizuguchi, Yoshikazu
name: Kawasaki, Yasuna
name: Tanaka, Takayoshi
name: Yamaguchi, Takahide
name: Tsuda, Shunsuke
name: Kumakura, Hiroaki
name: Takano, Yoshihiko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the successful fabrication of mono- and seven-core superconducting wires of FeSe1-xTex using an in-situ Fe-diffusion process based on the powder-in-tube (Fe-diffusion PIT) method. The reacted layer in these wires were found to have composite structure with composition nearly FeSe and FeTe for the inner and outer layers, although a single layer of composition FeSe0.5Te0.5 was supposed to be formed. The self-field transport Jc values at 4.2 K were found to be 226.2 A/cm2 and 100.3 A/cm2 respectively for mono- and seven-core wires. The Jc's of mono- and seven-core wires dropped rapidly at low fields and then showed a gradual decrease with increasing magnetic fields. In addition, the seven-core wire showed higher Jc than the mono-core wire under higher magnetic fields, indicating that the seven-core wire of FeSe1-xTex superconductor using Fe-diffusion PIT method is advantageous for the superconducting-wire application under high magnetic fields.
description: 19 pages, 6 figures
Extensions of differential representations of SL(2) and tori
Creators: name: Minchenko, Andrey
name: Ovchinnikov, Alexey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 12H05, 13N10, 20G05

description: Linear differential algebraic groups (LDAGs) measure differential algebraic dependencies among solutions of linear differential and difference equations with parameters, for which LDAGs are Galois groups. The differential representation theory is a key to developing algorithms computing these groups. In the rational representation theory of algebraic groups, one starts with SL(2) and tori to develop the rest of the theory. In this paper, we give an explicit description of differential representations of tori and differential extensions of irreducible representation of SL(2). In these extensions, the two irreducible representations can be non-isomorphic. This is in contrast to differential representations of tori, which turn out to be direct sums of isotypic representations.
description: 21 pages; few misprints corrected; Lemma 4.6 added
Gating and pore block of the human ether-à-go-go related gene (hERG) voltage-gated potassium channel (Kv11.1)
Creators: name: Macdonald, Logan Campbell Alexander
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Ion channels are integral membrane proteins that form an aqueous pore through the cell lipid bilayer, and allow ions to traverse the membrane at rates approaching limits set by diffusion. Selectivity and gating differences amongst members of this protein family enable complex physiological processes such as action potentials. The diversity in ion channel selectivity and gating is endowed through structural permutations of protein structure that slightly alter factors such as the rate at which a channel activates or the width of the pore region and thus the type of ions it interacts with. This thesis investigates structural bases for the anomalous gating and drug interaction behaviour exhibited by the human ether-à-go-go related gene (hERG) voltage-gated potassium channel (VGKC). The unique gating kinetics of hERG allow it to fulfill its role as the rapid delayed rectifier potassium current of the cardiac action potential and the unique susceptibility to drug block can compromise this function. Chapter 2 describes how slow deactivation of hERG can be largely attributed to cytosolic domain interaction with channel gating, an interaction that serves to establish a mode shift of the channel gating charge, shifting the deactivation gating pathway to more hyperpolarized potentials. Chapter 3 demonstrates that an interaction between an acidic residue at the bottom of the S1 and a basic residue at the bottom of the S4 stabilizes the closed state of the channel and slows activation. Through gating currents and fluorescence experiments, we propose a model of hERG gating in which this unique interaction stabilizes an early closed state of the channel. Chapter 4 investigates the role of cation-π interactions in hERG drug block, testing the importance of the two most significant residues for drug interaction, Y652 and F656. Using unnatural amino acid mutagenesis, this final study shows that cation-π interactions do not appear to play a major role in drug interaction with the hERG pore.
Integrability and non-integrability of periodic non-autonomous Lyness recurrences
Creators: name: Cima, Anna
name: Gasull, Armengol
name: Mañosa, Víctor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37C55, 39A11, 39A20

description: This paper studies non-autonomous Lyness type recurrences of the form $x_{n+2}=(a_n+x_{n+1})/x_{n}$, where $\{a_n\}$ is a $k$-periodic sequence of positive numbers with primitive period $k$. We show that for the cases $k\in\{1,2,3,6\}$ the behavior of the sequence $\{x_n\}$ is simple (integrable) while for the remaining cases satisfying this behavior can be much more complicated (chaotic). We also show that the cases where $k$ is a multiple of 5 present some different features.
description: 23 pages, 6 figures
Parallel algorithms and software tools for high-throughput sequencing data
Creators: name: Mohamadi, Hamid
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: With growing throughput and dropping cost of High-Throughput Sequencing (HTS) technologies, there is a continued need to develop faster and more cost-effective bioinformatics solutions. However, the algorithms and computational power required to efficiently analyze HTS data have lagged considerably. In health and life sciences research organizations, de novo assembly and sequence alignment have become two key steps in everyday research and analysis. The de novo assembly process is a fundamental step in analyzing previously uncharacterized organisms and is one of the most computationally demanding problems in bioinformatics. The sequence alignment is a fundamental operation in a broad spectrum of genomics projects. In genome resequencing projects, they are often used prior to variant calling. In transcriptome resequencing, they provide information on gene expression. They are even used in de novo sequencing projects to help contiguate assembled sequences. As such designing efficient, scalable, and accurate solutions for de novo assembly and sequence alignment problems would have a wide effect in the field. In this thesis, I present a collection of novel algorithms and software tools for the analysis of high-throughput sequencing data using efficient data structures. I also utilize the latest advances in parallel and distributed computing to design and develop scalable and cost-effective algorithms on High-Performance Computing (HPC) infrastructures especially for the de novo assembly and sequence alignment problems. The algorithms and software solutions I develop are publicly available for free for academic use, to facilitate research at health and life sciences laboratories and other organizations worldwide.
The 1958 Pekeris-Accad-WEIZAC Ground-Breaking Collaboration that Computed Ground States of Two-Electron Atoms (and its 2010 Redux)
Creators: name: Koutschan, Christoph
name: Zeilberger, Doron
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Symbolic Computation (cs.SC)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In order to appreciate how well off we mathematicians and scientists are today, with extremely fast hardware and lots and lots of memory, as well as with powerful software, both for numeric and symbolic computation, it may be a good idea to go back to the early days of electronic computers and compare how things went then. We have chosen, as a case study, a problem that was considered a huge challenge at the time. Namely, we looked at C.L. Pekeris's seminal 1958 work on the ground state energies of two-electron atoms. We went through all the computations ab initio with today's software and hardware, with a special emphasis on the symbolic computations which in 1958 had to be made by hand, and which nowadays can be automated and generalized.
description: 8 pages, 2 photos, final version as it appeared in the journal
title: Maternal nutrition, seasonality and epigenetics: an exploration of one-carbon metabolism and a novel nutritional supplement design in The Gambia
Creators: name: James, PT
Publisher: name: London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine
Year: 2019

description: A series of studies in rural Gambia established first-in-human evidence that periconceptional environment, including maternal methyl-donor nutritional status, predicts offspring DNA methylation. Methyl donor status is largely determined by the complex interlinking pathways of one-carbon metabolism. Women’s methyl donor status (‘methylation potential’) is higher in the Gambian rainy season than in the dry season. Compared to infants conceived in the rainy season, those conceived in the dry season have decreased methylation at metastable epialleles (MEs). MEs are genomic loci whose methylation states are established in the very early embryo prior to gastrulation. Dry season conceptions are also associated with methylation patterns suggestive of a loss of imprinting at the VTRNA2-1 gene, a putative tumour suppressor and regulator of innate immunity. The long-term goal is to design an intervention that shifts the maternal metabolome to improve regulation of the infant epigenome by providing micronutrients in the ratio and quantity necessary for optimal one-carbon metabolism all year round. To achieve this we first require a proof-of-concept trial showing that a nutritional supplement can address nutritional imbalances and increase methylation potential in non-pregnant women. This step provides the overall rationale for this thesis. The research in this thesis contributes three key areas to existing knowledge of nutritional epigenetics in The Gambia. Firstly, it characterises seasonal differences in plasma nutritional biomarkers in a new dataset, validating the findings from previous studies and extending the consideration to new metabolites. Secondly, it explores how maternal nutritional predictors of infant DNA methylation may change between seasons, highlighting the importance of considering seasonality and underlying nutritional status in nutritional epigenetic research. Thirdly, it describes the design of a novel drink powder supplement, tailored to the target population by analysing negative nutritional predictors of homocysteine (designed to increase methylation potential). A clinical trial tested this new supplement alongside an existing multiple micronutrient tablet (UNIMMAP) amongst non-pregnant women in rural Gambia. Both interventions proved to be promising candidates for future epigenetic trials, acting on metabolic pathways to increase methylation potential. Whilst the explicit targeting of DNA methylation profiles by nutritional interventions remains premature, accumulating evidence supports a focus on nutrition-sensitive epigenetic mechanisms as potential contributors to the developmental origins of health and disease.
The Legal Implications of Disruptive Financial Technologies
Creators: name: G, Bhaghamma
name: Abdurahim Zai, Mohammad Edris
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Ngā tikanga Māori (Māori customary law)

description: Financial technology (FinTech) has rapidly transformed the traditional financial services industry, offering new ways of accessing, managing and investing money. However, with these advancements come various legal challenges that require attention. This paper examines the intersection of FinTech and law, discussing the regulatory challenges and legal implications of disruptive financial technologies. The paper also explores the role of law in shaping the future of FinTech and ensuring compliance in a FinTech-driven economy. Additionally, the paper analyzes the legal frameworks and best practices regarding data privacy and security in FinTech and the emerging legal issues in the use of cryptocurrencies and digital assets. The study concludes that while FinTech provides numerous opportunities for the financial industry, legal considerations must be carefully evaluated to manage the associated risks and ensure sustainable growth.
Rapid TeV variability in Blazars as result of Jet-Star Interaction
Creators: name: Barkov, Maxim V.
name: Aharonian, Felix A.
name: Bogovalov, Sergey V.
name: Kelner, Stanislav R.
name: Khangulyan, Dmitriy V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a new model for the description of ultra-short flares from TeV blazars by compact magnetized condensations (blobs), produced when red giant stars cross the jet close to the central black hole. Our study includes a simple dynamical model for the evolution of the envelope lost by the star in the jet, and its high energy nonthermal emission through different leptonic and hadronic radiation mechanisms. We show that the fragmented envelope of the star can be accelerated to Lorentz factors up to 100 and radiate effectively the available energy in gamma-rays predominantly through proton synchrotron radiation or external inverse Compton scattering of electrons. The model can readily explain the minute-scale TeV flares on top of longer (typical time-scales of days) gamma-ray variability as observed from the blazar PKS 2155-304. In the framework of the proposed scenario, the key parameters of the source are robustly constrained. In the case of proton synchrotron origin of the emission a mass of the central black hole of $M_{\rm BH}\approx 10^8 M_{\odot}$, a total jet power of $L_{\rm j} \approx 2\times 10^{47} \, \rm erg\,s^{-1}$ and a Doppler factor, of the gamma-ray emitting blobs, of $δ\geq 40$ are required. Whilst for the external inverse Compton model, parameters of $M_{\rm BH}\approx 10^8 M_{\odot}$, $L_{\rm j} \approx 10^{46} \, \rm erg\,s^{-1}$ and the $δ\geq 150$ are required.
description: 25 pages, 11 figures, Submitted to ApJ
The Legal Implications of Disruptive Financial Technologies
Creators: name: G, Bhaghamma
name: Ramesh, Prof.(Dr.)
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Ngā tikanga Māori (Māori customary law)

description: Financial technology (FinTech) has rapidly transformed the traditional financial services industry, offering new ways of accessing, managing and investing money. However, with these advancements come various legal challenges that require attention. This paper examines the intersection of FinTech and law, discussing the regulatory challenges and legal implications of disruptive financial technologies. The paper also explores the role of law in shaping the future of FinTech and ensuring compliance in a FinTech-driven economy. Additionally, the paper analyzes the legal frameworks and best practices regarding data privacy and security in FinTech and the emerging legal issues in the use of cryptocurrencies and digital assets. The study concludes that while FinTech provides numerous opportunities for the financial industry, legal considerations must be carefully evaluated to manage the associated risks and ensure sustainable growth.