Eosentomon hiroshianum Nakamura 2010, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Nakamura, Osami
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Entognatha
Protura
Eosentomidae
Eosentomon
Eosentomon hiroshianum

description: <i>Eosentomon hiroshianum</i> Nakamura sp. nov. Figs. 23–24; Table 9 <b>Type specimens.</b> Holotype female (NSMT –Ap 473), Mt. Komaga–take, Kanegasaki–machi, Iwate Prefecture, 39º11'21"N, 140º55'41"E, 920 m elevation, litter of a forest dominated by <i>F. crenata</i> and <i>Q. crispula</i>, 18-VIII-2001, H. Tamura <i>et al.</i> leg. Paratypes: four females (NSMT –Ap 474–477), same data as for the holotype; two females (NSMT –Ap 478–479), Mt. Komaga–take, Kanegasaki–machi, Iwate Prefecture, 820 m elevation, litter of a forest dominated by <i>F. crenata</i>, 18-VIII-2001, H. Tamura <i>et al.</i> leg. <b>Other specimens examined.</b> Nine males, 7 females, 11 maturi juniores, 11 larvae I, same data as for the holotype; 3 males, 2 females, 2 maturi juniores, 2 larvae I, 820 m elevation, 2 females, two maturi juniores, 1020 m elevation, litter of a forest dominated by <i>F. crenata</i> and <i>Q. crispula</i>, 3 males, 6 females, 1130 m elevation, litter of a forest dominated by <i>F. crenata</i>, Mt. Komaga –take, Kanegasaki –machi, Iwate Prefecture, 18-VIII-2001, H. Tamura <i>et al.</i> leg.; 2 males, 1 female, 39º50'38"N, 141º00'53"E, 1500 m elevation, litter of a forest dominated by <i>Betula ermanii</i>, 6 males, 3 females, 1 maturus junior, 39º50'35"N, 141º01'08"E, 1280 m elevation, litter of a forest dominated by <i>B. ermanii</i>, 3 males, 1 female, 2 maturi juniores, 39º50'29"N, 141º01'22"E, 1080 m elevation, litter of a forest dominated by <i>F. crenata</i> and <i>Q. crispula</i>, 2 males, 1 female, 1 maturus junior, 2 larvae II, 39º50'22"N, 141º01'22"E, 820 m elevation, litter of a forest dominated by <i>Q. crispula</i> and <i>F. crenata</i>, Mt. Iwate –san, Takizawa – mura, Iwate Prefecture, 28-VI-1985, O. Nakamura leg. <b>Description.</b> Body length 1164 (870–1400) µm. Head 130 (128 –147) µm long, 105 (106–114) µm wide. Setae <i>aa</i>, <i>pa</i> and <i>m4</i> present, sensilla <i>as</i> and <i>ps</i> present (Fig. 23A); seta <i>sp</i> 1.9 (1.7–2.0) times longer than <i>p</i>; sensilla <i>pp</i> distinct (Fig. 23B), (2–3 µm long). Labral setae present (Figs. 23C, D). Seta <i>rs</i> inflated, shorter than <i>sr</i> (Figs. 23C, D). On maxillary palpus (Fig. 23E) sensillum <i>md</i>, 9 (8–10) µm, longer than <i>ml</i>, 7 (7–8) µm. Digits on galea developed and similar to each other (Fig. 23F). Mandible with three teeth (Fig. 23G). Clypeal apodemes distinct (Fig. 23A, C). Pseudoculus almost circular, 12 (10–13) µm long, (10–12 µm wide), without inner structure, but one central spot rarely observed (Fig. 23H), PR = 11 (10–14). Foretarsus length (Figs. 23I, J) 105 (98–112) µm; claw 22 (20–24) µm, TR = 4.9 (4.4–5.4); empodium 21 (20– 22) µm, EU = 0.9 (0.8–1.0); sensillum <i>s</i> as long as or slightly longer than claw, 22 (22–26) µm. Sensillum <i>t1</i> nearer to α <i>3'</i> than to α <i>3</i>, BS = 1.1 (1.1–1.2); <i>t2</i> thin; <i>t3</i> thin, not reaching tarsus; <i>a</i> thin, not reaching base of γ <i>2</i>; <i>b</i> reaching base of <i>e</i>; <i>c</i> not surpassing base of γ <i>3</i>; <i>d</i> long, surpassing base of α <i>5</i>; <i>e</i> and <i>g</i> long and spatulate; <i>f1</i> thin, surpassing tarsus; <i>f2</i> short; <i>a'</i> surpassing base of <i>t1</i>; <i>b'1</i> absent; <i>b'2</i> reaching base of α <i>5</i>; <i>c'</i> anterior to base of α <i>6</i>, on the line between α <i>6</i> and δ <i>5</i>, not surpassing tarsus. Length of middle tarsus 53 (51–58) µm, length of claw 16 (13–17) µm; hind tarsus 70 (67–75) µm, claw 18 (17–19) µm; empodia on both tarsi shorter than 1/5 of claw length (Fig. 23K), 2 (1–3) µm long; on hind tarsus (Fig. 23K) <i>D2</i> and <i>D4</i> thin spine-like, <i>D4</i> longer and more slender in distal part than <i>D2</i>. Tracheal camerae long, distally contracted (Fig. 23L). Central lobe incised (Fig. 23M). Laterostigmata II–IV large, with no inner structure; those on V–VII small. On female squama genitalis (Fig. 24A) caput processus swan's head-like, filum processus long, median sclerotization present. Male genitalis with long basiperiphallar setae (Fig. 24B). Chaetotaxy as in Table 9. On thoracic tergites II–III, <i>P1a</i> seta-like, slightly longer than <i>P1</i>, posterior to <i>P1–P2</i>, slightly nearer to <i>P1</i> than to <i>P2</i>; <i>P2a</i> seta-like, shorter than <i>P1</i>, at same level with <i>P2–P3</i>. On abdominal tergites I– VII, <i>P1a</i> sensillum-like and shorter than about one-third length of <i>P1</i>, at hind margin (Figs. 24C–F); <i>P2a</i> on II–IV filiform and longer than <i>P1</i> (Fig. 24D), those on V filiform and as long as <i>P1</i>, those on VI–VII filiform, shorter than <i>P1</i>, but two times longer than <i>P1a</i> (Figs. 24E, F); on tergite VIII (Fig. 24G) <i>P1a'</i> without basal dilatation and slightly anterior to <i>P2</i>; <i>P2a</i> linear. <i>Maturus junior.</i> Body length 904–1034 µm. Head 128–139 µm long, 91–105 µm wide; pseudoculus 10–11 µm long, PR = 13–14. Foretarsus length 90–95 µm, claw 19–20 µm, TR = 4.8–5.0; empodium 18–20 µm, EU = 0.9– 1.0; sensillum <i>s</i> slightly longer than claw, 20–22 µm. Length of middle tarsus 49–51 µm, length of claw 15 µm, empodium 2 µm long; hind tarsus 61–64 µm, claw 16 µm, empodium 2–3 µm. Shape and position of foretarsal sensilla same as those of imago; BS = 1.1. <i>Larva II.</i> Body length 682–884 µm. Head length 128–136 µm; pseudoculus 8 µm long, 7–8 µm wide, PR = 16. Foretarsus length 80–81 µm; claw 18–20 µm, TR = 4.1–4.5; empodium 17 µm, EU = 0.9; sensillum <i>s</i> 19–20 µm. Length of middle tarsus 42–43 µm, length of claw 14 µm, empodium 3 µm long; hind tarsus 55 µm, claw 15–16 µm, empodium 3 µm. Shape and position of foretarsal sensilla same as those of imago; BS = 1.1. <i>P5</i> on abdominal tergites II and III displaced anteriorly and at same level with <i>A4</i> on III (Fig. 24H). <i>Larva I.</i> Body length 663–845 µm. Head 104–115 µm long, 79–93 µm wide; pseudoculus indistinct. Foretarsus length 70–80 µm; claw 18–20 µm, TR = 4.0–4.1; empodium 17–18 µm, EU = 0.9–1.0; sensillum <i>s</i> 18–22 µm. Length of middle tarsus 39–45 µm, length of claw 13 µm, empodium 2–3 µm long; hind tarsus 48–54 µm, claw 14– 15 µm, empodium 2–3 µm. Shape and position of foretarsal sensilla same as those of preceding stages. <b>Diagnosis.</b> The present species is similar in many respects to <i>E. brachychaetum</i> and <i>E. yinae</i>. However, it different from <i>E. brachychaetum</i> in sensillum <i>md</i> longer than <i>ml</i> on the maxillary palpus (<i>md</i> as long as <i>ml</i> in <i>E. brachychaetum</i>), the shape of distinct sensillum <i>pp</i> (rudimentary in <i>E. brachychaetum</i>), foretarsal sensillum <i>t3</i> shorter than <i>c’</i> (longer than <i>c'</i> in <i>E. brachychaetum</i>) and five pairs of anterior setae on abdominal tergite VI (four pairs in <i>E. brachychaetum</i>); and from <i>E. yinae</i> in the shape of inflated seta <i>rs</i> (simple in <i>E. yinae</i>) and <i>P1a</i> shorter than <i>P1</i> on the abdominal tergite I–IV (longer than <i>P 1</i> in <i>E. yinae</i>) Chaetotaxic variations observed consisted of the asymmetric absences of <i>A3</i> on abdominal tergite II in two maturi juniores and <i>1a</i> on the abdominal sternite IX in one maturus junior from Mt. Iwate-san. <b>Etymology.</b> The specific name is named in honor of Dr. Hiroshi Tamura, who kindly provided opportunities to survey in Mt. Iwate-san and Mt. Komaga–take, Iwate Prefecture, where the specimens examined were collected, and who is my mentor for studies on basal hexapods. <b>Distribution.</b> Japan (Honshu).
description: Published as part of <i>Nakamura, Osami, 2010, Taxonomic revision of the family Eosentomidae (Hexapoda: Protura) from Japan 2701, pp. 1-109 in Zootaxa 2701</i> on pages 42-46