cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Existing and Future Standards for Event-Driven Business Process Management
Creators: name: von Ammon, Rainer
name: Emmersberger, Christoph
name: Ertlmaier, Thomas
name: Etzion, Opher
name: Paulus, Thomas
name: Springer, Florian
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: ED-BPM – Event-Driven Business Process Management, Business Process Management, Complex Event Processing, Standards, Use Case, NEAL – Notification Event Architecture for Logistics, ISO – International Organization for Standardization
subject: 004 Informatik
subject: 620 Ingenieurwissenschaften

description: The development and operation of modern IT infrastructures requires generally accepted standards. Many standardization efforts are currently ongoing within the service oriented and event processing community. Recently a new discipline entitled “EventDriven Business Process Management (ED-BPM)” has emerged which takes a synergetic approach within this larger area. Consecutively, topics being discussed in this paper relate to the role of standards in the ED-BPM context, the need for a standard per se and the benefits and shortcomings of standardization in early phases vs. late phases. Within this activities, the most interesting proposal for a reference architecture is the Networked European Software and Services Initiative (NESSI) approach called NESSI Open Serivce Framework – Reference Architecture (NEXOF-RA) which has to be enhanced in order to support EDBPM applications. Thereupon a proposal for describing the context and structure of occurring events on a descriptive and non-complex level of events is discussed. Related industry standards like “Notification Event Architecture for Retail (NEAR)” and the possibility to extend that approach to other domains are surveyed. Two possible extensions are exemplified, for the logistics domain (NEAL), and for the finance domain (NEAF). Use cases for the retail, logistics, and finance domains are demonstrated. In the final analysis conclusions are drawn and proposed action items for advancing the ED-BPM standardization are made.
Historical Single-Use Heritage Assets: A Treasure to be Catalogued and Preserved
Creators: name: Natali, Andrea
name: De Luca, Maria Letizia
name: D'Orazi, Roberta
Publisher: name: Conservation Science in Cultural Heritage
Year: 2018
Subjects: architecture; landscape; conservation; valorization; cataloging

description: Special-purpose historical assets are those built in the twentieth century, in certain environmental, social, industrial, economic, infrastructural contexts, which carried out a single function. This unique function determined the dimensions, partitions, accesses and, in short, the very particular and specific characteristics that excluded their reuse. Having lost their usefulness, they are destined in the space of a few years to disap­pear, to be demolished, their past lost without leaving any memory or mark, because they are not protected by current legislation.

The proposed cataloging and conservation of these structures is aimed at focus­ing attention on the afore-mentioned historical assets and protecting these significant testimonies not only from an architectural perspective but also from that of the history of work, popular culture and social aggregation.
description: Conservation Science in Cultural Heritage, Vol 18 (2018)
Personnalisation de bases de données multidimensionnelles
Creators: name: Ravat, Franck
name: Teste, Olivier
name: Zurfluh, Gilles
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper deals with decision support systems resting on multidimensional modelling of data. Moreover, we intend to offer a set of concepts and mechanisms for personalized multidimensional database specifications. This personalization consists in associating weights to different components of a multidimensional schema. Personalization specifications are specified through the use of a language based on the principle of Event Condition Action. This personalisation determines multidimensional data display as well as their analyses (with the use of drilling or rotating operations).
An updated Lagrangian LBM–DEM–FEM coupling model for dual-permeability fissured porous media with embedded discontinuities
Creators: name: Wang, Kun
name: Sun, WaiChing
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Civil engineering
subject: FOS: Civil engineering
subject: Machine learning
subject: Mechanics--Computer simulation
subject: Fluid mechanics
subject: Porous materials
subject: Permeability

description: Many engineering applications and geological processes involve embedded discontinuities in porous media across multiple length scales (e.g. rock joints, grain boundaries, deformation bands and faults). Understanding the multiscale path-dependent hydro-mechanical responses of these interfaces across length scales is of ultimate importance for applications such as CO2 sequestration, hydraulic fracture and earthquake rupture dynamics. While there exist mathematical frameworks such as extended finite element and assumed strain to replicate the kinematics of the interfaces, modeling the cyclic hydro-mechanical constitutive responses of the interfaces remains a difficult task. This paper presents a semi-data-driven multiscale approach that obtains both the traction-separation law and the aperture-porosity–permeability relation from micro-mechanical simulations performed on representative elementary volumes in the finite deformation range. To speed up multiscale simulations, the incremental constitutive updates of the mechanical responses are obtained from discrete element simulations at the representative elementary volume whereas the hydraulic responses are generated from a neural network trained with data from lattice Boltzmann simulations. These responses are then linked to a macroscopic dual-permeability model. This approach allows one to bypass the need of deriving multi-physical phenomenological laws for complex loading paths. More importantly, it enables the capturing of the evolving anisotropy of the permeabilities of the macro- and micro-pores. A set of numerical experiments are used to demonstrate the robustness of the proposed model.
Michelangelo and I
Creators: name: Colalucci, Gianluigi
Publisher: name: Conservation Science in Cultural Heritage
Year: 2018
Subjects: Michelangelo; Sistine Chapel

description: On March 17, 2017, Gianluigi Colalucci presented his book entitled “Io e Michelan­gelo” at the Accademia Nazionale di San Luca.

The volume was presented to the many people present by several personalities from the world of art history, such as Prof. Antonio Paolucci and Prof. Bruno Toscano, and from that of journalism, such as Nino Criscenti, who projected excerpts from the documentaries filmed on the scaffolding of the Sistine Chapel during the many years needed to complete the restoration, as well as reading excerpts from the book.

The book’s theme is the story of the 14 long years and the memories that Colalucci has of the restoration of Michelangelo’s frescoes. From the first small cleaning test to the inaugural Mass that Pope John Paul II celebrated in the Chapel to solemnize the end of the restoration.

The speakers emphasized the solitude and great responsibility of the restorer at the critical moments in the work, and the author recalled curious episodes and difficult mo­ments faced in cleaning Adam’s head in the Creation of man and Christ’s head in the Last Judgment, among the most exceptional ever painted. There were however also unpleasant moments from those who contested the restoration.
description: Conservation Science in Cultural Heritage, Vol 18 (2018)
Demonstration of the spin solar cell and spin photodiode effect
Creators: name: Endres, Bernhard
name: Ciorga, Mariusz
name: Schmid, Maximilian
name: Utz, Martin
name: Bougeard, Dominique
name: Weiss, Dieter
name: Bayreuther, Günther
name: Back, Christian
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: Spin injection and extraction are at the core of semiconductor spintronics. Electrical injection is one method of choice for the creation of a sizeable spin polarization in a semiconductor, requiring especially tailored tunnel or Schottky barriers. Alternatively, optical orientation can be used to generate spins in semiconductors with significant spin-orbit interaction, if optical selection rules are obeyed, typically by using circularly polarized light at a well-defined wavelength. Here we introduce a novel concept for spin injection/extraction that combines the principle of a solar cell with the creation of spin accumulation. We demonstrate that efficient optical spin injection can be achieved with unpolarized light by illuminating a p-n junction where the p-type region consists of a ferromagnet. The discovered mechanism opens the window for the optical generation of a sizeable spin accumulation also in semiconductors without direct band gap such as Si or Ge.
Invariant differential operators on a class of multiplicity free spaces
Creators: name: Rubenthaler, Hubert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: If $(G,V)$ is a multiplity free space with a one dimensional quotient we give generators and relations for the non-commutative algebra $D(V)^{G'}$ of invariant differential operators under the semi-simple part $G'$ of the reductive group $G$. More precisely we show that $D(V)^{G'}$ is the quotient of a Smith algebra by a completely described two-sided ideal.
description: 31 pages
Meta-modeling game for deriving theory-consistent, microstructure-based traction–separation laws via deep reinforcement learning
Creators: name: Wang, Kun
name: Sun, WaiChing
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Reinforcement learning
subject: Civil engineering
subject: FOS: Civil engineering
subject: Mechanics--Computer simulation
subject: Games

description: This paper presents a new meta-modeling framework that employs deep reinforcement learning (DRL) to generate mechanical constitutive models for interfaces. The constitutive models are conceptualized as information flow in directed graphs. The process of writing constitutive models is simplified as a sequence of forming graph edges with the goal of maximizing the model score (a function of accuracy, robustness and forward prediction quality). Thus meta-modeling can be formulated as a Markov decision process with well-defined states, actions, rules, objective functions and rewards. By using neural networks to estimate policies and state values, the computer agent is able to efficiently self-improve the constitutive model it generated through self-playing, in the same way AlphaGo Zero (the algorithm that outplayed the world champion in the game of Go) improves its gameplay. Our numerical examples show that this automated meta-modeling framework does not only produces models which outperform existing cohesive models on benchmark traction–separation data, but is also capable of detecting hidden mechanisms among micro-structural features and incorporating them in constitutive models to improve the forward prediction accuracy, both of which are difficult tasks to do manually.
Underdetermined joint blind source separation with application to physiological data
Creators: name: Zou, Liang
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Blind Source Separation (BSS) methods have been attracting increasing attention for their promising applications in signal processing. Despite recent progress on the research of BSS, there are still remaining challenges. Specifically, this dissertation focuses on developing novel Underdetermined Blind Source Separation (UBSS) methods that can deal with several specific challenges in real applications, including limited number of observations, self/cross dependence information and source inference in the underdetermined case. First, by taking advantage of the Noise Assisted Multivariate Empirical Mode Decomposition (NAMEMD) and Multiset Canonical Correlation Analysis (MCCA), we propose a novel BSS framework and apply it to extract the heart beat signal form noisy nano-sensor signals. Furthermore, we generalize the idea of (over)determined joint BSS to that of the underdetermined case. We explore the dependence information between two datasets and propose an underdetermined joint BSS method for two datasets, termed as UJBSS-2. In addition, by exploiting the cross correlation between each pair of datasets, we develop a novel and effective method to jointly estimate the mixing matrices from multiple datasets, referred to as Underdetermined Joint Blind Source Separation for Multiple Datasets (UJBSS-M). In order to improve the time efficiency and relax the sparsity constraint, we recover the latent sources based on subspace representation when the mixing matrices are estimated. As an example application for noise enhanced signal processing, the proposed UJBSS-M method also can be utilized to solve the single-set UBSS problem when suitable noise is added to the observations. Finally, considering the recent increasing need for biomedical signal processing in the ambulatory environment, we propose a novel UBSS method for removing electromyogram (EMG) from Electroencephalography (EEG) signals. The proposed method for recovering the underlying sources is also applicable to other artifact removal problems. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed methods yield superior performances over conventional approaches. We also evaluate the proposed methods on real physiological data, and the proposed methods are shown to effectively and efficiently recover the underlying sources.
Tutorial: Open Source Enterprise Application Integration
Creators: name: Emmersberger, Christoph
name: Springer, Florian
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Integration Framework, Event Processing
subject: 004 Informatik
subject: 600 Technik
subject: Software
subject: SOFTWARE ENGINEERING
subject: Coding Tools and Techniques
subject: Standards

description: "Interesting applications rarely live in isolation." ([1], xxix) With this sentence G. Hohpe and B. Woolf start the introduction to their book Enterprise Integration Pattern: Designing, Building, and Deploying Messaging Solutions. While the statement is valid now for more than ten years, Gartner estimates today the cost increase targeting integration aspects for midsize to large companies at about 33% within the next three years (cf. [2]). The expected increase will be mainly driven by the integration of cloud services and mobile devices. Since event processing addresses clearly problems arising with the growth of computational distribution, particularly with the increasing number of mobile devices or cloud services, integration is a topic that needs to be addressed by event processing functionalities. One of the frameworks within the integration domain is Apache Camel. Since it's initial release in 2007, the framework has gained quite some attention - not only within the open-source arena. Apache Camel has a strong focus on enterprise application integration since it implements well known Enterprise Integration Patterns (EIP's) (cf. [1]). This work reveals the event processing capabilities of Apache Camel alongside a logistics parcel delivery process. The delivery process facilitates the scenario descriptions to exemplify the event processing functionalities within a real-world context. All coding examples, supporting the functionality demonstration, are setup around the shipment of parcels.
The generalized triangle inequalities in thick Euclidean buildings of rank 2
Creators: name: Ramos-Cuevas, Carlos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C21, 53C20, 51E24

description: We describe the set of possible vector valued side lengths of n-gons in thick Euclidean buildings of rank 2. This set is determined by a finite set of homogeneous linear inequalities, which we call the generalized triangle inequalities. These inequalities are given in terms of the combinatorics of the spherical Coxeter complex associated to the Euclidean building.
description: v2: 22 pages, 9 figures. Some minor corrections
Intercomparison of methods of coupling between convection and large‐scale circulation: 1. Comparison over uniform surface conditions
Creators: name: Daleu, Chimene L.
name: Plant, Robert S.
name: Woolnough, Steve J.
name: Sessions, Sharon L.
name: Herman, Michael J.
name: Sobel, Adam H.
name: Wang, Shuguang
name: Kim, Daehyun
name: Cheng, A.
name: Bellon, Gilles
name: Peyrillé, Philippe
name: Ferry, Frédéric
name: Siebesma, Pier
name: Van Ulft, Lambertus H.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: Convection (Meteorology)
Atmospheric circulation--Models
Precipitation (Meteorology)
Climatology
Meteorology
Dynamics

description: As part of an international intercomparison project, a set of single‐column models (SCMs) and cloud‐resolving models (CRMs) are run under the weak‐temperature gradient (WTG) method and the damped gravity wave (DGW) method. For each model, the implementation of the WTG or DGW method involves a simulated column which is coupled to a reference state defined with profiles obtained from the same model in radiative‐convective equilibrium. The simulated column has the same surface conditions as the reference state and is initialized with profiles from the reference state. We performed systematic comparison of the behavior of different models under a consistent implementation of the WTG method and the DGW method and systematic comparison of the WTG and DGW methods in models with different physics and numerics. CRMs and SCMs produce a variety of behaviors under both WTG and DGW methods. Some of the models reproduce the reference state while others sustain a large‐scale circulation which results in either substantially lower or higher precipitation compared to the value of the reference state. CRMs show a fairly linear relationship between precipitation and circulation strength. SCMs display a wider range of behaviors than CRMs. Some SCMs under the WTG method produce zero precipitation. Within an individual SCM, a DGW simulation and a corresponding WTG simulation can produce different signed circulation. When initialized with a dry troposphere, DGW simulations always result in a precipitating equilibrium state. The greatest sensitivities to the initial moisture conditions occur for multiple stable equilibria in some WTG simulations, corresponding to either a dry equilibrium state when initialized as dry or a precipitating equilibrium state when initialized as moist. Multiple equilibria are seen in more WTG simulations for higher SST. In some models, the existence of multiple equilibria is sensitive to some parameters in the WTG calculations.
Differentiation in morphology and electrical signalling in four species of para- and sympatric Marcusenius (Teleostei: Mormyridae) from Côte d’Ivoire, West Africa
Creators: name: Kramer, Bernd
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: electric fish; Marcusenius sp.; differentiation; electric organ discharges; morphometrics; systematic; speciation
subject: 570 Biowissenschaften, Biologie
subject: 590 Tiere (Zoologie)

description: Marcusenius Gill, 1862 species were sampled from the Bandama River and the Comoé River in Côte d’Ivoire, West Africa. Marcusenius gracilis sp. nov. was differentiated from M. senegalensis (Steindachner, 1870), Marcusenius ussheri (Günther, 1867) and M. furcidens (Pellegrin, 1920) in electric organ discharges (EOD), and morphologically from all other West African congeners. Principal component analysis showed significant morphological differentiation among the four Ivorian species. Principal component 1 was loaded most strongly by characters affecting swimming power and manoeuvrability. The morphologically most similar pair, M. furcidens and M. gracilis sp. nov., are distinguished by their EOD waveforms and a sexual dimorphism in the anal fin base in the latter not present in the former. M. ussheri is distinguished by a sexual dimorphism in its EOD waveform not observed in the other three species. This system is an opportunity to study how far the fine-tuning of character displacement among syntopic species can go.
The role of epithelial-fibroblast communication in asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Creators: name: Osei, Emmanuel Twumasi
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2020

description: Asthma and COPD are incurable chronic inflammatory diseases of the lung that involve inflammation and remodeling in the airways. An abnormal interaction between the airway epithelium and fibroblasts in the epithelial mesenchymal trophic unit (EMTU) has been suggested to be a possible disease mechanism in asthma and COPD. The airway epithelium forms the first line of defense in the airways while fibroblasts are the structural cells responsible for producing extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins and maintaining the structural integrity of the lung. In this thesis we developed a co-culture model to study the factors involved in airway epithelial cell and fibroblast interaction and how a dysregulated communication between these two cells contributes to asthma and COPD pathogenesis. We also used multiphoton imaging and 3-dimensional collagen contraction assays to assess the effect of abnormal ECM repair by airway fibroblasts, proposed to cause airway remodeling in asthma and COPD. We found in the co-culture model that the airway epithelium through the release of IL-1α controls the inflammatory and ECM remodeling phenotype of lung fibroblasts. Further, exposing airway epithelial cells to cigarette smoke, the major risk factor for COPD, caused a higher release of IL-1α which subsequently led to the release of higher levels of inflammatory mediators. Again, due to the presence of a single nucleotide polymorphism, rs2910164 (GG allele), COPD-derived lung fibroblasts from our co-culture had a lower induction of miRNA-146a-5p, an anti-inflammatory miRNA that regulates IL-1 signaling, compared to controls. Again, we found asthmatic-derived airway epithelial cells released higher levels of IL-1α and that IL-1 causes the release of inflammatory mediators, the down-regulation of ECM proteins in airway fibroblasts and affects their ability to organize gelatin into fibrillar collagen. In the airways of asthmatics patients, we found that there was disorganization of fibrillar collagen fibers in the lamina propria, due to a defect in the ability of asthmatic-derived airway fibroblasts to remodel collagen fibers compared to controls. Taken together our work sheds new light on how abnormal epithelial-fibroblast communication may contribute to the chronic inflammation and airway remodeling described in asthma and COPD, further it opens new avenues for therapeutic research.
Quantifying Asiatic garden beetle (Maladera castanea) populations and their impacts on commercial mint production
Creators: name: Sturr, Connor Eric
name: richmond, Doug
name: Y. Long, Elizabeth
name: Krupke, Christian
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 300409
subject: Crop and pasture protection (incl. pests, diseases and weeds)
classificationCode: 300804
subject: Horticultural crop protection (incl. pests, diseases and weeds)
classificationCode: 310913
subject: Invertebrate biology

description: The Asiatic garden beetle (AGB), in its larval stage, has become an increasingly detrimental to the health of commercially grown mint in northern Indiana by feeding on their roots. In my research, I have optimized a method to quantify populations by determining the proper sample size to maintain accurate and precise estimates, determining the best sampling method and sampling scheme. Additionally, I established the relationship between AGB larval feeding and mint performance and have established a threshold of the average number of larvae required to cause significant yield loss.
A new digital bathymetric model of the world's oceans
Creators: name: Weatherall, Pauline
name: Marks, K. M.
name: Jakobsson, Martin
name: Schmitt, Thierry
name: Tani, Shin
name: Arndt, Jan Erik
name: Rovere, Marzia
name: Chayes, Dale N.
name: Ferrini, Vicki Lynn
name: Wigley, Rochelle
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Bathymetric maps
subject: Oceanography
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Submarine geology

description: General Bathymetric Chart of the Oceans (GEBCO) has released the GEBCO_2014 grid, a new digital bathymetric model of the world ocean floor merged with land topography from publicly available digital elevation models. GEBCO_2014 has a grid spacing of 30 arc sec and updates the 2010 release (GEBCO_08) by incorporating new versions of regional bathymetric compilations from the International Bathymetric Chart of the Arctic Ocean, the International Bathymetric Chart of the Southern Ocean, the Baltic Sea Bathymetry Database, and data from the European Marine Observation and Data network bathymetry portal, among other data sources. Approximately 33% of ocean grid cells (not area) have been updated in GEBCO_2014 from the previous version, including both new interpolated depth values and added soundings. These updates include large amounts of multibeam data collected using modern equipment and navigation techniques, improving portrayed details of the world ocean floor. Of all nonland grid cells in GEBCO_2014, approximately 18% are based on bathymetric control data, i.e., primarily multibeam and single‐beam soundings or preprepared grids which may contain some interpolated values. The GEBCO_2014 grid has a mean and median depth of 3897 m and 3441 m, respectively. Hypsometric analysis reveals that 50% of the Earth's surface is composed of seafloor located 3200 m below mean sea level and that ~900 ship years of surveying would be needed to obtain complete multibeam coverage of the world's oceans.
Hybrid transport Infrastructure
Creators: name: Singh, Abhishek
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: The development of any nation is governed by the infrastructure and transportation industry. The major hindrances for such kind of projects are land acquisition. So in our project the proposal is of elevated transport industry supported by piers, columns and beams like flyovers. Imagine a flyover passing across the nation, which will provide all the basic services of transportation and utilities of daily use. Since the cost of such project will be very high hence we are proposing multi use corridors. When entire project is considered together then the overall project cost will be much less. The maintenance of the utilities will be much easier and safe. The interference of the dwellers can be totally eliminated which will reduce the accidents and will decrease the transportation time. The overall profit will be multi folds and the land can also be utilized for other purpose. In India different ministries receive the funds and execute the project independently. This type of working leads to wastage of a lot of resources as well as funds. Whereas we can generate inter-ministry projects and with minimum funding we can generate maximum outputs.
title: "Statuetta di Artemide", arte romana, inv. CXXIII (ITA/EN)
title: Scheda catalogo digitale Borghese
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Ciccarello, Giulia
name: Galleria Borghese
Publisher: name: Galleria Borghese
Year: 2024

description: Pubblicazione delle schede delle opere conservate nel museo ed estratte dal catalogo digitale di

Galleria Borghese, nelle due versioni esistenti online, in italiano e inglese.

Collegamento al catalogo digitale:

ITA: https://www.collezionegalleriaborghese.it/

EN: https://www.collezionegalleriaborghese.it/en
An empirical model relating U.S. monthly hail occurrence to large‐scale meteorological environment
Creators: name: Allen, John T.
name: Tippett, Michael K.
name: Sobel, Adam H.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Meteorology
Hail
Climatology--Mathematical models
Climatology
Severe storms

description: An empirical model relating monthly hail occurrence to the large‐scale environment has been developed and tested for the United States (U.S.). Monthly hail occurrence for each 1°x1° grid box is defined as the number of hail events that occur there during a month; a hail event consists of a 3 h period with at least one report of hail larger than 1 in. The model is derived using climatological annual cycle data only. Environmental variables are taken from the North American Regional Reanalysis (NARR; 1979–2012). The model includes four environmental variables convective precipitation, convective available potential energy, storm relative helicity, and mean surface to 90 hPa specific humidity. The model differs in its choice of variables and their relative weighting from existing severe weather indices. The model realistically matches the annual cycle of hail occurrence both regionally and for the contiguous U.S. (CONUS). The modeled spatial distribution is also consistent with the observed hail climatology. However, the westward shift of maximum hail frequency during the summer months is delayed in the model relative to observations, and the model has a lower frequency of hail just east of the Rocky Mountains compared to observations. Year‐to‐year variability provides an independent test of the model. On monthly and annual time scales, the model reproduces observed hail frequencies. Overall model trends are small compared to observed changes, suggesting that further analysis is necessary to differentiate between physical and nonphysical trends. The empirical hail model provides a new tool for exploration of connections between large‐scale climate and severe weather.
Full Characterization of the Bunch-Compressor Dipoles for FLUTE
Creators: name: Nie, Yuancun
name: Bernhard, Axel
name: Bründermann, Erik
name: Müller, Anke-Susanne
name: Nasse, Michael Johannes
name: Ruprecht, Robert
name: Schäfer, Jens
name: Schuh, Marcel
name: Tong, Yimin
Publisher: name: Joint Accelerator Conferences Website (JACoW)
Year: 2021

description: The Ferninfrarot Linac- Und Test-Experiment (FLUTE) is a KIT-operated linac-based test facility for accelerator research and development as well as a compact, ultra-broadband and short-pulse terahertz (THz) source. As a key component of FLUTE, the bunch compressor (chicane) consisting of four specially designed dipoles will be used to compress the 40-50 MeV electron bunches after the linac down to single fs bunch length. The maximum vertical magnetic field of the dipoles reach 0.22 T, with an effective length of 200 mm. The good field region is ±40 mm and ±10.5 mm in the horizontal and vertical direction, respectively. The latest measurement results of the dipoles in terms of field homogeneity, excitation and field reproducibility within the good field regions will be reported, which meet the predefined specifications. The measured 3D magnetic field distributions have been used to perform beam dynamics simulations of the bunch compressor. Effects of the real field properties on the beam dynamics, which are different from that of the ASTRA built-in dipole field, will be discussed.
Global geometry and topology of spacelike stationary surfaces in the 4-dimensional Lorentz space
Creators: name: Liu, Zhiyu
name: Ma, Xiang
name: Wang, Changping
name: Wang, Peng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53A10, 53C42, 53C45

description: For spacelike stationary (i.e. zero mean curvature) surfaces in 4-dimensional Lorentz space one can naturally introduce two Gauss maps and Weierstrass representation. In this paper we investigate their global geometry systematically. The total Gaussian curvature is related with the surface topology as well as the indices of the so-called good singular ends by a generalized Jorge-Meeks formula. On the other hand, as shown by a family of counter-examples to Osserman's theorem, finite total curvature no longer implies that Gauss maps extend to the ends. Interesting examples include the generalization of the classical catenoids, helicoids, the Enneper surface, and Jorge-Meeks' k-noids. Any of them could be embedded in the 4-dimensional Lorentz space, showing a sharp contrast with the case of 3-dimensional Euclidean space.
description: 36 pages. Compared to version 5, this final version has fixed several minor mistakes and improved the exposition in many places. Zhiyu Liu is still in the author list of this version. But when published on Adv. Math. his name was dropped, mainly because we could not contact with him and he can not sign the copyright agreement
Optimizing atomic resolution of force microscopy in ambient conditions
Creators: name: Wastl, Daniel S.
name: Weymouth, Alfred J.
name: Giessibl, Franz J.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: atomic force microscopy, ambient conditions, tunigfork, AFM, air, atomic resolution, damping, dissipation,
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften
subject: 530 Physik
subject: 540 Chemie
subject: 570 Biowissenschaften, Biologie
subject: 600 Technik
subject: 610 Medizin
subject: 07.79.Lh
subject: 34.20.-b
subject: 68.08.-p
subject: 68.37.Ps

description: Ambient operation poses a challenge to atomic force microscopy because in contrast to operation in vacuum or liquid environments, the cantilever dynamics change dramatically from oscillating in air to oscillating in a hydration layer when probing the sample. We demonstrate atomic resolution by imaging of the KBr(001) surface in ambient conditions by frequency-modulation atomic force microscopy with a cantilever based on a quartz tuning fork (qPlus sensor) and analyze both long- and short-range contributions to the damping. The thickness of the hydration layer increases with relative humidity; thus varying humidity enables us to study the influence of the hydration layer thickness on cantilever damping. Starting with measurements of damping versus amplitude, we analyzed the signal and the noise characteristics at the atomic scale. We then determined the optimal amplitude which enabled us to acquire high-quality atomically resolved images.
Water scarcity assessments in the past, present, and future
Creators: name: Liu, Junguo
name: Yang, Hong
name: Gosling, Simon N.
name: Kummu, Matti
name: Flörke, Martina
name: Pfister, Stephan
name: Hanasaki, Naota
name: Wada, Yoshihide
name: Zhang, Xinxin
name: Zheng, Chunmiao
name: Alcamo, Joseph
name: Oki, Taikan
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Water security
Economic development
Water-supply--Mathematical models
Natural resources—Management

description: Water scarcity has become a major constraint to socio‐economic development and a threat to livelihood in increasing parts of the world. Since the late 1980s, water scarcity research has attracted much political and public attention. We here review a variety of indicators that have been developed to capture different characteristics of water scarcity. Population, water availability, and water use are the key elements of these indicators. Most of the progress made in the last few decades has been on the quantification of water availability and use by applying spatially explicit models. However, challenges remain on appropriate incorporation of green water (soil moisture), water quality, environmental flow requirements, globalization, and virtual water trade in water scarcity assessment. Meanwhile, inter‐ and intra‐annual variability of water availability and use also calls for assessing the temporal dimension of water scarcity. It requires concerted efforts of hydrologists, economists, social scientists, and environmental scientists to develop integrated approaches to capture the multi‐faceted nature of water scarcity.
The regularizing effects of some lower order terms in an elliptic equation with degenerate coercivity
Creators: name: Croce, Gisella
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this article we study an elliptic problem with degenerate coercivity. We will show that the presence of some lower order terms has a regularizing effect on the solutions.
Coherent Backscattering in Fock Space: a Signature of Quantum Many-Body Interference in Interacting Bosonic Systems
Creators: name: Engl, Thomas
name: Dujardin, Julien
name: Argüelles, Arturo
name: Schlagheck, Peter
name: Richter, Klaus
name: Urbina, Juan Diego
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: coherent backscattering; bose hubbard; semiclassics; many body; interference
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften
subject: 03.65.Yz
subject: 05.45.Mt
subject: 67.85.-d
subject: 72.15.Rn

description: We predict a generic signature of quantum interference in many-body bosonic systems resulting in a coherent enhancement of the average return probability in Fock space. This enhancement is robust with respect to variations of external parameters even though it represents a dynamical manifestation of the delicate superposition principle in Fock space. It is a genuine quantum many-body effect that lies beyond the reach of any mean-field approach. Using a semiclassical approach based on interfering paths in Fock space, we calculate the magnitude of the backscattering peak and its dependence on gauge fields that break time-reversal invariance. We confirm our predictions by comparing them to exact quantum evolution probabilities in Bose-Hubbard models, and discuss their relevance in the context of many-body thermalization.
Timeless path integral for relativistic quantum mechanics
Creators: name: Chiou, Dah-Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Starting from the canonical formalism of relativistic (timeless) quantum mechanics, the formulation of timeless path integral is rigorously derived. The transition amplitude is reformulated as the sum, or functional integral, over all possible paths in the constraint surface specified by the (relativistic) Hamiltonian constraint, and each path contributes with a phase identical to the classical action divided by $\hbar$. The timeless path integral manifests the timeless feature as it is completely independent of the parametrization for paths. For the special case that the Hamiltonian constraint is a quadratic polynomial in momenta, the transition amplitude admits the timeless Feynman's path integral over the (relativistic) configuration space. Meanwhile, the difference between relativistic quantum mechanics and conventional nonrelativistic (with time) quantum mechanics is elaborated on in light of timeless path integral.
description: 41 pages; more references and comments added; version to appear in CQG
Conjectures and results on $x^2$ mod $p^2$ with $4p=x^2+dy^2$
Creators: name: Sun, Zhi-Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11E25, 11B65, 11A07, 05A10

description: Given a squarefree positive integer $d$, we want to find integers (or rational numbers with denominators not divisible by large primes) $a_0,a_1,a_2,\ldots$ such that for sufficiently large primes $p$ we have $\sum_{k=0}^{p-1}a_k\equiv x^2-2p$ (mod $p^2$) if $4p=x^2+dy^2$ (and $4\nmid x$ if $d=1$), and $\sum_{k=0}^{p-1}a_k\equiv 0$ (mod $p^2$) if $(\frac{-d}p)=-1$. In this paper we give a survey of conjectures and results on this topic and point out the connection between this problem and series for $1/π$.
description: Provide final publication information
Interdisciplinary Studies in Cultural and Environmental Heritage: History, Protection, Valorization, Management
Creators: name: Lorusso, Salvatore
name: Mari Braida, Angela
name: Natali, Andrea
Publisher: name: Conservation Science in Cultural Heritage
Year: 2018
Subjects: interdisciplinary; cultural heritage; protection; valorization; management

description: An overview of the various and numerous themes relating to cultural and environ­mental heritage gathered together in one article represents, at an international level, a rare peculiarity. As a result of the research and teaching activities carried out over the decades at the Universities of Rome, Tuscia (Viterbo) and Bologna, integrated with the fundamental relationship and involvement of the Cultural and Productive Units scattered throughout the territory, I was led to synthetically describing, insofar as was possible, the different problems that involve the various scientific areas of a historical, technical, economic, managerial nature, within the context of interdisciplinarity and in respect of the holistic value of cultural heritage.
description: Conservation Science in Cultural Heritage, Vol 18 (2018)
Climate change: The necessary, the possible and the desirable Earth League climate statement on the implications for climate policy from the 5th IPCC Assessment
Creators: name: Rockstrom, Johan
name: Brasseur, Guy Pierre
name: Hoskins, Brian
name: Lucht, Wolfgang
name: Schellnhuber, John
name: Kabat, Pavel
name: Nakicenovic, Nebojsa
name: Gong, Peng
name: Schlosser, Peter
name: Costa, María Máñez
name: Humble, April
name: Eyre, Nick
name: Gleick, Peter
name: James, Rachel
name: Lucena, Andre
name: Masera, Omar
name: Moench, Marcus
name: Schaeffer, Roberto
name: Seitzinger, Sybil
name: Van Der Leeuw, Sander
name: Ward, Bob
name: Stern, Nicholas
name: Herrell, James
name: Srivastava, Leena
name: Morgan, Jennifer
name: Nobre, Carlos A.
name: Sokona, Youba
name: Cremades, Roger
name: Roth, Ellinor
name: Liverman, Diana
name: Arnott, James
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Climatic changes--Social aspects
Climatic extremes
Global temperature changes--Environmental aspects
Environmental responsibility--Citizen participation

description: The development of human civilisations has occurred at a time of stable climate. This climate stability is now threatened by human activity. The rising global climate risk occurs at a decisive moment for world development. World nations are currently discussing a global development agenda consequent to the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), which ends in 2015. It is increasingly possible to envisage a world where absolute poverty is largely eradicated within one generation and where ambitious goals on universal access and equal opportunities for dignified lives are adopted. These grand aspirations for a world population approaching or even exceeding nine billion in 2050 is threatened by substantial global environmental risks and by rising inequality. Research shows that development gains, in both rich and poor nations, can be undermined by social, economic and ecological problems caused by human‐induced global environmental change. Climate risks, and associated changes in marine and terrestrial ecosystems that regulate the resilience of the climate system, are at the forefront of these global risks. We, as citizens with a strong engagement in Earth system science and socio‐ecological dynamics, share the vision of a more equitable and prosperous future for the world, yet we also see threats to this future from shifts in climate and environmental processes. Without collaborative action now, our shared Earth system may not be able to sustainably support a large proportion of humanity in the decades ahead.
Luciferase reporter gene assay on human, murine and rat histamine H4 receptor orthologs: correlations and discrepancies between distal and proximal readouts
Creators: name: Nordemann, Uwe
name: Wifling, David
name: Schnell, David
name: Bernhardt, Günther
name: Stark, Holger
name: Seifert, Roland
name: Buschauer, Armin
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: histamine, Histamine H4 receptor, luciferase reporter gene assay, receptor species orthologs, HEK293 cells
subject: 540 Chemie
subject: 570 Biowissenschaften, Biologie
subject: 615 Pharmazie

description: The investigation of the (patho)physiological role of the histamine H4 receptor (H4R) and its validation as a possible drug target in translational animal models are compromised by distinct species-dependent discrepancies regarding potencies and receptor subtype selectivities of the pharmacological tools. Such differences were extremely pronounced in case of proximal readouts, e. g. [32P]GTPase or [35S]GTPγS binding assays. To improve the predictability of in vitro investigations, the aim of this study was to establish a reporter gene assay for human, murine and rat H4Rs, using bioluminescence as a more distal readout. For this purpose a cAMP responsive element (CRE) controlled luciferase reporter gene assay was established in HEK293T cells, stably expressing the human (h), the mouse (m) or the rat (r) H4R. The potencies and efficacies of 21 selected ligands (agonists, inverse agonists and antagonists) were determined and compared with the results obtained from proximal readouts. The potencies of the examined ligands at the human H4R were consistent with reported data from [32P]GTPase or [35S]GTPγS binding assays, despite a tendency toward increased intrinsic efficacies of partial agonists. The differences in potencies of individual agonists at the three H4R orthologs were generally less pronounced compared to more proximal readouts. In conclusion, the established reporter gene assay is highly sensitive and reliable. Regarding discrepancies compared to data from functional assays such as [32P]GTPase and [35S]GTPγS binding, the readout may reflect multifactorial causes downstream from G-protein activation, e. g. activation/amplification of or cross-talk between different signaling pathways.
Inter-particle gap distribution and spectral rigidity of totally asymmetric simple exclusion process with open boundaries
Creators: name: Krbalek, Milan
name: Hrabak, Pavel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases (nlin.CG)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 37B15

description: We consider the one-dimensional totally asymmetric simple exclusion model (TASEP model) with open boundary conditions and present the analytical computations leading to the exact formula for distance clearance distribution, i.e. probability density for a clear distance between subsequent particles of the model. The general relation is rapidly simplified for middle part of the one-dimensional lattice using the large $N$ approximation. Both the analytical formulas and their approximations are successfully compared with the numerical representation of the TASEP model. Furthermore, we introduce the pertinent estimation for so-called spectral rigidity of the model. The results obtained are sequentially discussed within the scope of vehicular traffic theory.
description: 17 pages, 11 figures