cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Separability in Consistent Truncations
Creators: name: Pilch, Krzysztof
name: Walker, Robert
name: Warner, Nicholas P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The separability of the Hamilton-Jacobi equation has a well-known connection to the existence of Killing vectors and rank-two Killing tensors. This paper combines this connection with the detailed knowledge of the compactification metrics of consistent truncations on spheres. The fact that both the inverse metric of such compactifications, as well as the rank-two Killing tensors can be written in terms of bilinears of Killing vectors on the underlying "round metric," enables us to perform a detailed analyses of the separability of the Hamilton-Jacobi equation for consistent truncations. We introduce the idea of a separating isometry and show that when a consistent truncation, without reduction gauge vectors, has such an isometry, then the Hamilton-Jacobi equation is always separable. When gauge vectors are present, the gauge group is required to be an abelian subgroup of the separating isometry to not impede separability. We classify the separating isometries for consistent truncations on spheres, $S^n$, for $n=2, \dots, 7$, and exhibit all the corresponding Killing tensors. These results may be of practical use in both identifying when supergravity solutions belong to consistent truncations and generating separable solutions amenable to scalar probe calculations. Finally, while our primary focus is the Hamilton-Jacobi equation, we also make some remarks about separability of the wave equation.
description: 58 pages, 2 tables
Nuclear activity in galaxy pairs: a spectroscopic analysis of 48 UZC-BGPs
Creators: name: Focardi, Paola
name: Zitelli, Valentina
name: Marinoni, Silvia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Galaxy pairs are ideal sites in which to investigate the role of interaction on nuclear activity. For this reason we have undertaken a spectroscopic survey of a large homogeneous sample of galaxy pairs (UZC-BGP) and we present the results of the nuclear spectral classification of 48 pairs (more than half of the whole sample). The fraction of emission line galaxies is extremely large, especially among spirals (84 % and 95 %, for early and late spirals respectively). SB is the most frequent type of nuclear activity encountered (30 % of galaxies) while AGNs are only 19%. The fractions raise to 45 % and 22 % when considering only spirals. Late spirals are characterized by both an unusual increase (35 %) of AGN activity and high luminosity (44 % have M_B
description: 19 pages, 11 figures, accepted by A&A
Fair Preprocessing: Towards Understanding Compositional Fairness of Data Transformers in Machine Learning Pipeline
Creators: name: Biswas, Sumon
name: Rajan, Hridesh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: D.2.0; I.2.5

description: In recent years, many incidents have been reported where machine learning models exhibited discrimination among people based on race, sex, age, etc. Research has been conducted to measure and mitigate unfairness in machine learning models. For a machine learning task, it is a common practice to build a pipeline that includes an ordered set of data preprocessing stages followed by a classifier. However, most of the research on fairness has considered a single classifier based prediction task. What are the fairness impacts of the preprocessing stages in machine learning pipeline? Furthermore, studies showed that often the root cause of unfairness is ingrained in the data itself, rather than the model. But no research has been conducted to measure the unfairness caused by a specific transformation made in the data preprocessing stage. In this paper, we introduced the causal method of fairness to reason about the fairness impact of data preprocessing stages in ML pipeline. We leveraged existing metrics to define the fairness measures of the stages. Then we conducted a detailed fairness evaluation of the preprocessing stages in 37 pipelines collected from three different sources. Our results show that certain data transformers are causing the model to exhibit unfairness. We identified a number of fairness patterns in several categories of data transformers. Finally, we showed how the local fairness of a preprocessing stage composes in the global fairness of the pipeline. We used the fairness composition to choose appropriate downstream transformer that mitigates unfairness in the machine learning pipeline.
description: ESEC/FSE'2021: The 29th ACM Joint European Software Engineering Conference and Symposium on the Foundations of Software Engineering, Athens, Greece, August 23-28, 2021
Theory of surface plasmons and surface-plasmon polaritons
Creators: name: Pitarke, J. M.
name: Silkin, V. M.
name: Chulkov, E. V.
name: Echenique, P. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Collective electronic excitations at metal surfaces are well known to play a key role in a wide spectrum of science, ranging from physics and materials science to biology. Here we focus on a theoretical description of the many-body dynamical electronic response of solids, which underlines the existence of various collective electronic excitations at metal surfaces, such as the conventional surface plasmon, multipole plasmons, and the recently predicted acoustic surface plasmon. We also review existing calculations, experimental measurements, and applications.
description: 54 pages, 33 figures, to appear in Rep. Prog. Phys
Cosmic filaments in galaxy cluster outskirts: quantifying finding filaments in redshift space
Creators: name: Kuchner, Ulrike
name: Aragón-Salamanca, Alfonso
name: Rost, Agustín
name: Pearce, Frazer R.
name: Gray, Meghan E.
name: Cui, Weiguang
name: Knebe, Alexander
name: Rasia, Elena
name: Yepes, Gustavo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Inferring line-of-sight distances from redshifts in and around galaxy clusters is complicated by peculiar velocities, a phenomenon known as the "Fingers of God" (FoG). This presents a significant challenge for finding filaments in large observational data sets as these artificial elongations can be wrongly identified as cosmic web filaments by extraction algorithms. Upcoming targeted wide-field spectroscopic surveys of galaxy clusters and their infall regions such as the WEAVE Wide-Field Cluster Survey motivate our investigation of the impact of FoG on finding filaments connected to clusters. Using zoom-in resimulations of 324 massive galaxy clusters and their outskirts from The ThreeHundred project, we test methods typically applied to large-scale spectroscopic data sets. This paper describes our investigation of whether a statistical compression of the FoG of cluster centres and galaxy groups can lead to correct filament extractions in the cluster outskirts. We find that within 5 R200 (~15 Mpc/h) statistically correcting for FoG elongations of virialized regions does not achieve reliable filament networks compared to reference filament networks based on true positions. This is due to the complex flowing motions of galaxies towards filaments in addition to the cluster infall, which overwhelm the signal of the filaments relative to the volume we probe. While information from spectroscopic redshifts is still important to isolate the cluster regions, and thereby reduce background and foreground interlopers, we expect future spectroscopic surveys of galaxy cluster outskirts to rely on 2D positions of galaxies to extract cosmic filaments.
description: 12 pages, 9 figures
DEPRESSÃO EM IDOSOS: A ENFERMAGEM NO CUIDADO À POPULAÇÃO QUE MAIS CRESCE NO BRASIL
Creators: name: Kelle Cristina Santos da SILVA
name: Giullia Bianca Ferraciolli COUTO
name: Laynne Katrycia Souza LOPES
name: Raquel Maria Cassimiro dos SANTOS
name: Juliane Marcelino dos Santos SANTANA
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Idoso
Depressão
Assistência de enfermagem

description: RESUMO

Introdução: Conforme o aumento da população idosa, aumentaram-se também as doenças psiquiátricas, principalmente a depressão (Gullich, 2016). Identificar a depressão geriátrica pode ser um desafio, visto que os sintomas afetivos e cognitivos característicos podem ser associadas a uma consequência natural ocasionada por comorbidades pré-existentes (Quevedo, 2019). Objetivo: Compreender a depressão na população idosa através dos sinais e sintomas, assim como a assistência de enfermagem na promoção à saúde desse idoso. Metodologia: Pesquisa de modalidade integrativa, através de revisão literária de artigos, livros e sites de internet, no período de 2014 até 2024. Resultados: A depressão é considerada um problema de saúde  pública, muitas vezes sendo de difícil percepção pois vários dos sintomas são associadas às doenças crônicas preexistentes e ao processo de envelhecimento, retardando assim o tratamento adequado. A população idosa apresenta maior vulnerabilidade para o surgimento da depressão, aumentando a morbimortalidade e impactando negativamente sua capacidade funcional e qualidade de vida (Lima, 2016). Considerações finais: Para a promoção a saúde do idoso deve haver ações interrelacionadas entre todos os setores que contemplem o indivíduo, assim como o estado, ministério da saúde, profissionais da saúde capacitados e indispensavelmente a família desse idoso.
Weakly-bound Hadronic Molecule near a 3-body Threshold
Creators: name: Braaten, Eric
name: Lu, Meng
name: Lee, Jungil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The X(3872) seems to be a loosely-bound hadronic molecule whose constituents are two charm mesons. A novel feature of this molecule is that the mass difference of the constituents is close to the mass of a lighter meson that can be exchanged between them, namely the pion. We analyze this feature in a simple model with spin-0 mesons only. Various observables are calculated to next-to-leading order in the interaction strength of the exchanged meson. Renormalization requires summing a geometric series of next-to-leading order corrections. The dependence of observables on the ultraviolet cutoff can be removed by renormalizations of the mass of the heaviest meson, the coupling constant for the contact interaction between the heavy mesons, and short-distance coefficients in the operator product expansion. The next-to-leading order correction has an unphysical infrared divergence at the threshold of the two heavier mesons that can be eliminated by a further resummation that takes into account the nonzero width of the heaviest meson.
description: 37 pages, 13 figures, submitted to Phys.Rev.D
The Origin and Kinematics of Cold Gas in Galactic Winds: Insight from Numerical Simulations
Creators: name: Fujita, Akimi
name: Martin, Crystal L.
name: Mac Low, Mordecai-Mark
name: New, Kimberly C. B.
name: Weaver, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the origin of Na I absorbing gas in ultraluminous infrared galaxies motivated by the recent observations by Martin of extremely superthermal linewidths in this cool gas. We model the effects of repeated supernova explosions driving supershells in the central regions of molecular disks with M_d=10^10 M_\sun, using cylindrically symmetric gas dynamical simulations run with ZEUS-3D. The shocked swept-up shells quickly cool and fragment by Rayleigh-Taylor instability as they accelerate out of the dense, stratified disks. The numerical resolution of the cooling and compression at the shock fronts determines the peak shell density, and so the speed of Rayleigh-Taylor fragmentation. We identify cooled shells and shell fragments as Na I absorbing gas and study its kinematics. We find that simulations with a numerical resolution of \le 0.2 pc produce multiple Rayleigh-Taylor fragmented shells in a given line of sight. We suggest that the observed wide Na I absorption lines, = 320 \pm 120 km s^-1 are produced by these multiple fragmented shells traveling at different velocities. We also suggest that some shell fragments can be accelerated above the observed average terminal velocity of 750 km s^-1 by the same energy-driven wind with an instantaneous starburst of \sim 10^9 M_\sun. The bulk of mass is traveling with the observed average shell velocity 330 \pm 100 km s^-1. Our results show that an energy-driven bubble causing Rayleigh-Taylor instabilities can explain the kinematics of cool gas seen in the Na I observations without invoking additional physics relying primarily on momentum conservation, such as entrainment of gas by Kelvin-Helmholtz instabilities, ram pressure driving of cold clouds by a hot wind, or radiation pressure acting on dust. (abridged)
description: 65 pages, 22 figures, accepted by Astrophys. J. Changes during refereeing focused on context and comparison to observations
Axions: From Magnetars and Neutron Star Mergers to Beam Dumps and BECs
Creators: name: Fortin, Jean-François
name: Guo, Huai-Ke
name: Harris, Steven P.
name: Kim, Doojin
name: Sinha, Kuver
name: Sun, Chen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review topics in searches for axion-like-particles (ALPs), covering material that is complementary to other recent reviews. The first half of our review covers ALPs in the extreme environments of neutron star cores, the magnetospheres of highly magnetized neutron stars (magnetars), and in neutron star mergers. The focus is on possible signals of ALPs in the photon spectrum of neutron stars and gravitational wave/electromagnetic signals from neutron star mergers. We then review recent developments in laboratory-produced ALP searches, focusing mainly on accelerator-based facilities including beam-dump type experiments and collider experiments. We provide a general-purpose discussion of the ALP search pipeline from production to detection, in steps, and our discussion is straightforwardly applicable to most beam-dump type and reactor experiments. We end with a selective look at the rapidly developing field of ultralight dark matter, specifically the formation of Bose-Einstein Condensates (BECs). We review the properties of BECs of ultralight dark matter and bridge these properties with developments in numerical simulations, and ultimately with their impact on experimental searches.
description: Invited review, submitted to IJMPD. 58 pages, 11 figures. Comments welcome
Local and Global Casimir Energies for a Semitransparent Cylindrical Shell
Creators: name: Cavero-Pelaez, Ines
name: Milton, Kimball A.
name: Kirsten, Klaus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The local Casimir energy density and the global Casimir energy for a massless scalar field associated with a $λδ$-function potential in a 3+1 dimensional circular cylindrical geometry are considered. The global energy is examined for both weak and strong coupling, the latter being the well-studied Dirichlet cylinder case. For weak-coupling,through $\mathcal{O}(λ^2)$, the total energy is shown to vanish by both analytic and numerical arguments, based both on Green's-function and zeta-function techniques. Divergences occurring in the calculation are shown to be absorbable by renormalization of physical parameters of the model. The global energy may be obtained by integrating the local energy density only when the latter is supplemented by an energy term residing precisely on the surface of the cylinder. The latter is identified as the integrated local energy density of the cylindrical shell when the latter is physically expanded to have finite thickness. Inside and outside the delta-function shell, the local energy density diverges as the surface of the shell is approached; the divergence is weakest when the conformal stress tensor is used to define the energy density. A real global divergence first occurs in $\mathcal{O}(λ^3)$, as anticipated, but the proof is supplied here for the first time; this divergence is entirely associated with the surface energy, and does {\em not} reflect divergences in the local energy density as the surface is approached.
description: 28 pages, REVTeX, no figures. Appendix added on perturbative divergences
Interplay between function and structure in complex networks
Creators: name: Jarrett, Timothy C.
name: Ashton, Douglas J.
name: Fricker, Mark
name: Johnson, Neil F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that abrupt structural transitions can arise in functionally optimal networks, driven by small changes in the level of transport congestion. Our results offer an explanation as to why so many diverse species of network structure arise in Nature (e.g. fungal systems) under essentially the same environmental conditions. Our findings are based on an exactly solvable model system which mimics a variety of biological and social networks. We then extend our analysis by introducing a novel renormalization scheme involving cost motifs, to describe analytically the average shortest path across multiple-ring-and-hub networks. As a consequence, we uncover a 'skin effect' whereby the structure of the inner multi-ring core can cease to play any role in terms of determining the average shortest path across the network.
description: Expanded version of physics/0508228 with additional new results
Chirping a two-photon transition in a multi-state ladder
Creators: name: Merkel, Wolfgang
name: Mack, Holger
name: Schleich, Wolfgang P.
name: Lutz, Eric
name: Paulus, Gerhard G.
name: Girard, Bertrand
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a two-photon transition in a specific ladder system driven by a chirped laser pulse. In the weak field limit, we find that the excited state probability amplitude arises due to interference of multiple quantum paths which are weighted by quadratic phase factors. The excited state population has the form of a Gauss sum which plays a prominent role in number theory.
Oscillation patterns in negative feedback loops
Creators: name: Pigolotti, Simone
name: Krishna, Sandeep
name: Jensen, Mogens H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Organisms are equipped with regulatory systems that display a variety of dynamical behaviours ranging from simple stable steady states, to switching and multistability, to oscillations. Earlier work has shown that oscillations in protein concentrations or gene expression levels are related to the presence of at least one negative feedback loop in the regulatory network. Here we study the dynamics of a very general class of negative feedback loops. Our main result is that in these systems the sequence of maxima and minima of the concentrations is uniquely determined by the topology of the loop and the activating/repressing nature of the interaction between pairs of variables. This allows us to devise an algorithm to reconstruct the topology of oscillating negative feedback loops from their time series; this method applies even when some variables are missing from the data set, or if the time series shows transients, like damped oscillations. We illustrate the relevance and the limits of validity of our method with three examples: p53-Mdm2 oscillations, circadian gene expression in cyanobacteria, and cyclic binding of cofactors at the estrogen-sensitive pS2 promoter.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures
FUMES. II. Ly$α$ Reconstructions of Young, Active M Dwarfs
Creators: name: Youngblood, Allison
name: Pineda, J. Sebastian
name: France, Kevin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The HI Ly$α$ (1215.67 $\unicode{xC5}$) emission line dominates the far-UV spectra of M dwarf stars, but strong absorption from neutral hydrogen in the interstellar medium makes observing Ly$α$ challenging even for the closest stars. As part of the Far-Ultraviolet M-dwarf Evolution Survey (FUMES), the Hubble Space Telescope has observed 10 early-to-mid M dwarfs with ages ranging from $\sim$24 Myr to several Gyrs to evaluate how the incident UV radiation evolves through the lifetime of exoplanetary systems. We reconstruct the intrinsic Ly$α$ profiles from STIS G140L and E140M spectra and achieve reconstructed fluxes with 1-$σ$ uncertainties ranging from 5% to a factor of two for the low resolution spectra (G140L) and 3-20% for the high resolution spectra (E140M). We observe broad, 500-1000 km s$^{-1}$ wings of the Ly$α$ line profile, and analyze how the line width depends on stellar properties. We find that stellar effective temperature and surface gravity are the dominant factors influencing the line width with little impact from the star's magnetic activity level, and that the surface flux density of the Ly$α$ wings may be used to estimate the chromospheric electron density. The Ly$α$ reconstructions on the G140L spectra are the first attempted on $λ/Δλ\sim$1000 data. We find that the reconstruction precision is not correlated with SNR of the observation, rather, it depends on the intrinsic broadness of the stellar Ly$α$ line. Young, low-gravity stars have the broadest lines and therefore provide more information at low spectral resolution to the fit to break degeneracies among model parameters.
description: Accepted to AAS Journals, Paper 2 of series
Zonal Jets as Transport Barriers in Planetary Atmospheres
Creators: name: Beron-Vera, F. J.
name: Brown, M. G.
name: Olascoaga, M. J.
name: Rypina, I. I.
name: Kocak, H.
name: Udovydchenkov, I. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The connection between transport barriers and potential vorticity (PV) barriers in PV-conserving flows is investigated with a focus on zonal jets in planetary atmospheres. A perturbed PV-staircase model is used to illustrate important concepts. This flow consists of a sequence of narrow eastward and broad westward zonal jets with a staircase PV structure; the PV-steps are at the latitudes of the cores of the eastward jets. Numerically simulated solutions to the quasigeostrophic PV conservation equation in a perturbed PV-staircase flow are presented. These simulations reveal that both eastward and westward zonal jets serve as robust meridional transport barriers. The surprise is that westward jets, across which the background PV gradient vanishes, serve as robust transport barriers. A theoretical explanation of the underlying barrier mechanism is provided. It is argued that transport barriers near the cores of westward zonal jets, across which the background PV gradient is small, are found in Jupiter's midlatitude weather layer and in the Earth's summer hemisphere subtropical stratosphere.
description: Accepted for publication in JAS
Petrography, geochemistry and petrogenesis of the Iskut-Unuk rivers volcanic centres, northwestern British Columbia
Creators: name: Hauksdóttir, Steinunn
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The Iskut-Unuk rivers centres consist of eight Recent volcanic centres located within the Stikine volcanic belt, northwestern British Columbia. The centres include: Iskut River, Tom MacKay Creek, Snippaker Creek, Cone Glacier, Cinder Mountain, King Creek, Second Canyon and Lava Fork and comprise lava flows, pillow lava, cinder and ash. The volcanic rocks range in age from 70,000±30,000 to -150 years B.P. and are dominantly alkali olivine basalts; hawaiite is observed only at Cinder Mountain volcanic centre. The basalts are olivine and plagioclase porphyritic and contain rare resorbed clinopyroxene. The groundmass includes olivine, plagioclase, titanaugite, magnetite and locally ilmenite. Large plagioclase crystals with extremely diverse crystal habits and textures are abundant in lavas from Iskut River, Snippaker Creek, Cone Glacier and King Creek volcanic centres. Crustal xenoliths are most abundant at Lava Fork but also occur within the lavas from Iskut River, Snippaker Creek, Cone Glacier and King Creek. Olivine compositions within the basalts range from Fo₅₅ to Fo₈₈; Cinder Mountain hawaiites contain Fo₃₃₋₅₄. Clinopyroxene MGf s range from 46 to 76 and can contain up to 6 wt% TiO₂ . The compositions of resorbed clinopyroxene phenocrysts indicates crystallization at slightly different magmatic conditions than the groundmass clinopyroxene. Based on textures and habits, plagioclase crystals are divided into 4 groups including: megacrysts, phenocrysts, sieved phenocrysts and groundmass. Megacrysts and phenocrysts range in composition from An5 0 to An7 0. Groundmass laths of plagioclase range from An3 8 to An6 8 in composition. Sieved phenocrysts of plagioclase are either of magmatic origin (An₅₀₋₇₀) or they are xenocrysts as suggested by prominent dissolution surfaces (sieved), observed with Nomarski technique, and low An-content (An₆₋₄₈). Most crustal xenoliths derive from granitic basement rocks; partial melting of xenoliths gives rise to glasses with compositions close to alkali feldspar. The chemical diversity observed within the centres cannot be explained by closed system processes involving the observed magmatic mineral phases. Two different hypotheses can explain this variation: i) source region processes including heterogeneous mantle melt or many separate partial melts and/or ii) assimilation of crustal material. With mass balance calculations the chemical variations of samples within Iskut River, Snippaker Creek and Cone Glacier volcanic centres, can be explained by fractionation of olivine (3.2- 5.7%) and plagioclase (1.2-11.22%) and assimilation of granitic melt (3.5-6.2%). Cinder Mountain intermediate rocks are not derived from a basalt collected from the area, but the variation within the hawaiite flows is possibly related through coupled fractionation and assimilation processes.
Regional characterization of large landslides in southwest Yukon, with emphasis on the role of neotectonics
Creators: name: Everard, Keith Alan
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Neotectonics may be defined as any recent movement or deformation at or near the earth's surface, and the associated geological processes or mechanisms thereof (Vita-Finzi 1986). A regional study of large landslides was undertaken in southwest Yukon, with the aim of assessing the relationship between large landslides and neotectonic processes, with particular emphasis on the role of seismicity. Landslides were inventoried in an area covering 18,800 km² in southwest Yukon and 4,400 km² in adjacent south-eastern Alaska. Their spatial distribution was found to correlate with certain lithological units, regional faults, and often dense clusters of low-level earthquakes. Seismicity is especially intense in the Cement Creek area, where the relative temporal distribution of landslides departs from the regional slope exhaustion model and more closely resembles a steady-state distribution. A recent (1983) landslide in this area was attributed to a modest M5.4 earthquake (Power 1988). Field reconnaissance in Cement Creek valley was undertaken to assess the possible role of neotectonic processes, and to gather data for a program of numerical modelling. Rupture surfaces of the landslides were generally coincident with bedding surfaces in the tightly folded volcanic rocks. Geomorphic evidence suggests an incremental displacement failure mechanism. The available methods of dynamic numerical modelling are reviewed. Program UDEC is found to be an appropriate analytical package for the modelling program. Limited verification tests of UDEC were performed. Strong motion data from a magnitude 4.6 earthquake were input successively to a representative slope model. The program was able to simulate geomorphic features related to slope deformation at Cement Creek, as well as confirming seismicity as a possible landslide triggering mechanism.
Cepheid Masses: FUSE Observations of S Mus
Creators: name: Evans, Nancy Remage
name: Massa, Derck
name: Fullerton, Alexander
name: Sonneborn, George
name: Iping, Rosina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: S Mus is the Cepheid with the hottest known companion. The large ultraviolet flux means that it is the only Cepheid companion for which the velocity amplitude could be measured with the echelle mode of the HST GHRS. Unfortunately, the high temperature is difficult to constrain at wavelengths longer than 1200 Åbecause of the degeneracy between temperature and reddening. We have obtained a FUSE spectrum in order to improve the determination of the temperature of the companion. Two regions which are temperature sensitive near 16,000 K but relatively unaffected by H$_2$ absorption (940 Å, and the Ly $β$ wings) have been identified. By comparing FUSE spectra of S Mus B with spectra of standard stars, we have determined a temperature of 17,000 $\pm$ 500 K. The resultant Cepheid mass is 6.0 $\pm$ 0.4 M$_\odot$. This mass is consistent with main sequence evolutionary tracks with a moderate amount of convective overshoot.
description: accepted to ApJ
Η επίδραση του πολιτικού κινδύνου στο περιεχόμενο του πολιτικού λόγου
Creators: name: Πασχαλίδης, Χρήστος Παναγιώτη
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2017
Subjects: πολιτικός κίνδυνος
Ομιλία της Ένωσης
Συναισθηματική φόρτιση
State Of Union
Political Risk
Political Speech

description: Σκοπός της διπλωματικής εργασίας είναι να εξετάσει σε βάθος το θεσμό του ‘State of State of Union’ της Αμερικής, με επίκεντρο τις χρονιές από το 1900 ως το 2015 και να αναδείξει τη συσχέτιση μεταξύ του πολιτικού κινδύνου και της μορφής που παίρνει αυτός ο Λόγος από πλευράς έκτασης αλλά και συναισθηματικής φόρτισης. Στα πλαίσια αυτής της ανάλυσης η εργασία διακρίνεται σε δύο βασικά μέρη, το θεωρητικό και το ερευνητικό. Το θεωρητικό κομμάτι απαρτίζεται από τέσσερις ενότητες οι οποίες αναφέρονται στον πολιτικό λόγο, στον πολιτικό λόγο σε αντιδιαστολή με τη πολιτικό μάρκετινγκ, στο State of Union σε ένα γενικότερο επίπεδο και στο πολιτικό κίνδυνο αντίστοιχα. Από την άλλη πλευρά το ερευνητικό κομμάτι περιλαμβάνει τις ερευνητικές υποθέσεις, τα αποτελέσματα, τα προτάσεις μας για μελλοντική έρευνα αλλά και τους περιορισμούς που συνάντησε η πορεία της έρευνας μας. Στο τέλος της εργασίας παρατίθενται τα συμπεράσματα της εργασίας, τα οποία προέκυψαν από τον συνδυασμό της θεωρητικής διερεύνησης του θέματος και των εμπειρικών στοιχείων που συλλέξαμε έπειτα από την εντελεχή μας έρευνα
description: The purpose of the dissertation is to examine the political speech of the 'State Union' of America, focusing on the years from 1900 to 2015 and to highlight the relationship between political risk and form that takes this political speech regarding the side area and emotion character. As part of this analysis, the dissertation is divided into two main parts, the theoretical and research. The theoretical part consists of four sections which refer to the political discourse, political discourse as opposed to political marketing, to the State of Union at a general level and in the political risk respectively. On the other hand the research piece includes research hypotheses, results, recommendations for future research and the limitations encountered by the course of our research. At the end of the dissertation, the conclusions of the whole thesis, which resulted from the combination of theoretical investigation of the matter and the empirical evidences, which were collected by our research
New Mid-Infrared Imaging Constraints on Companions and Protoplanetary Disks around six Young Stars
Creators: name: de la Roche, D. J. M. Petit dit
name: Oberg, N.
name: Ancker, M. E. van den
name: Kamp, I.
name: van Boekel, R.
name: Fedele, D.
name: Ivanov, V. D.
name: Kasper, M.
name: Käufl, H. U.
name: Kissler-Patig, M.
name: Miles-Páez, P. A.
name: Pantin, E.
name: Quanz, S. P.
name: Rab, Ch.
name: Siebenmorgen, R.
name: Waters, L. B. F. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Mid-infrared imaging traces the sub-micron and micron sized dust grains in protoplanetary disks and it offers constraints on the geometrical properties of the disks and potential companions, particularly if those companions have circumplanetary disks. We use the VISIR instrument and its upgrade NEAR on the VLT to take new mid-infrared images of five (pre-)transition disks and one circumstellar disk with proposed planets and obtain the deepest resolved mid-infrared observations to date in order to put new constraints on the sizes of the emitting regions of the disks and the presence of possible companions. We derotate and stack the data to find the disk properties. Where available we compare the data to ProDiMo (Protoplanetary Disk Model) radiation thermo-chemical models to achieve a deeper understanding of the underlying physical processes within the disks. We apply the circularised PSF subtraction method to find upper limits on the fluxes of possible companions and model companions with circumplanetary disks. We resolve three of the six disks and calculate position angles, inclinations and (upper limits to) sizes of emission regions in the disks, improving upper limits on two of the unresolved disks. In all cases the majority of the mid-IR emission comes from small inner disks or the hot inner rims of outer disks. We refine the existing ProDiMo HD 100546 model SED fit in the mid-IR by increasing the PAH abundance relative to the ISM, adopting coronene as the representative PAH, and increase the outer cavity radius to 22.3 AU. We produce flux estimates for putative planetary-mass companions and circumplanetary disks, ruling out the presence of planetary-mass companions with $L > 0.0028 L_{\odot}$ for $a > 180$ AU in the HD 100546 system. Upper limits of 0.5 mJy-30 mJy are obtained at 8 $μ$m-12 $μ$m for potential companions in the different disks.
description: Accepted in A&A
HapFIC: An Adaptive Force/Position Controller for Safe Environment Interaction in Articulated Systems
Creators: name: Tiseo, Carlo
name: Merkt, Wolfgang
name: Babarahmati, Keyhan Kouhkiloui
name: Wolfslag, Wouter
name: Havoutis, Ioannis
name: Vijayakumar, Sethu
name: Mistry, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Haptic interaction is essential for the dynamic dexterity of animals, which seamlessly switch from an impedance to an admittance behaviour using the force feedback from their proprioception. However, this ability is extremely challenging to reproduce in robots, especially when dealing with complex interaction dynamics, distributed contacts, and contact switching. Current model-based controllers require accurate interaction modelling to account for contacts and stabilise the interaction. In this manuscript, we propose an adaptive force/position controller that exploits the fractal impedance controller's passivity and non-linearity to execute a finite search algorithm using the force feedback signal from the sensor at the end-effector. The method is computationally inexpensive, opening the possibility to deal with distributed contacts in the future. We evaluated the architecture in physics simulation and showed that the controller can robustly control the interaction with objects of different dynamics without violating the maximum allowable target forces or causing numerical instability even for very rigid objects. The proposed controller can also autonomously deal with contact switching and may find application in multiple fields such as legged locomotion, rehabilitation and assistive robotics.
description: in IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering. Video: https://youtu.be/3FsVDZOIR1k
A transmission hologram for slitless spectrophotometry on a convergent telescope beam. 1. Focus and resolution
Creators: name: Moniez, Marc
name: Neveu, Jérémy
name: Dagoret-Campagne, Sylvie
name: Gentet, Yves
name: Guillou, Laurent Le
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report in this paper the test of a plane holographic optical element to be used as an aberration-corrected grating for a slitless spectrograph, inserted in a convergent telescope beam. Our long term objective is the optimisation of a specific hologram to switch the auxiliary telescope imager of the Vera Rubin Observatory into an accurate slitless spectrograph, dedicated to the atmospheric transmission measurement. We present and discuss here the promising results of tests performed with prototype holograms at the CTIO $0.9\,$m telescope during a run of 17 nights in May-June 2017. After their on-sky geometrical characterisation, the performances of the holograms as aberration-balanced dispersive optical elements have been established by analysing spectra obtained from spectrophotometric standard stars and narrow-band emitter planetary nebulae. Thanks to their additional optical function, our holographic disperser prototypes allow to produce significantly better focused spectra within the full visible wavelength domain $[370,1050]\,$nm than a regular grating, which suffers from strong defocusing and aberrations when used in similar conditions. We show that the resolution of our slitless on-axis spectrograph equipped with the hologram approaches its theoretical performance. While estimating the benefits of an hologram for the spectrum resolution, the roadmap to produce a competitive holographic element for the Vera Rubin Observatory auxiliary telescope has been established.
description: 17 pages, 27 figures, 4 appendices, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Dynamically Solving the $μ/B_μ$ Problem in Gauge-mediated Supersymmetry Breaking
Creators: name: Liu, Tao
name: Wagner, Carlos E. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide a simple solution to the $μ/B_μ$ problem in the gauge-mediated Next-to-Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model. In this model the messenger sector contains one pair of $3+\bar 3$ and one pair of $2+\bar 2$ messengers. These two messenger pairs couple to different gauge singlets in the hidden sector in which supersymmetry (SUSY) is broken. Such a gauge-mediation structure can naturally arise in many backgrounds. Because of the two effective SUSY breaking scales $\frac{< F_i>}{< M_i>}$ in the messenger sector, the renormalization group evolutions of the soft SUSY breaking parameters can be properly modified, leading to a negative enough singlet soft mass square $m_N^2(Λ_{EW})$ and hence reasonable $μ/B_μ$ values. In most of the perturbative (up to the GUT scale) parameter region, as a result, the electroweak scale is stabilized and phenomenologically interesting mass spectra of particles and superparticles are obtained. In addition, this model favors large values of $\tanβ$: $5 \sim 50$ and a heavy scalar spectrum. With the relatively large $\tanβ$, the light $U(1)_R$ pseudoscalar (mainly appearing in the low-scale gauge-mediated SUSY breaking models) becomes extremely singlet-like, and is no longer a problem in this model. These features apply to all cases of low-, intermediate- and high-scale gauge-mediated SUSY breaking.
description: 33 pages, 1 figure, references added
Galaxy and Training: 2019 updates from the Galaxy Training Network
Creators: name: Batut, Bérénice
name: Hiltemann, Saskia
name: Rasche, Helena
name: Mehta, Subina
name: Pratik Jagtap
name: Kumar, Praveen
name: Griffin, Timothy
name: Clements, Dave
name: Galaxy Training Network
name: Grüning, Björn
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2019

description: Over the last 3 years, the Galaxy Training Network developed the Galaxy Training Material (https://training.galaxyproject.org/): a repository with >120 high-quality hands-on trainings, complemented by datasets but also full featured Galaxy instances. This repository, combined with TiaSS (Training infrastructure as Service) on usegalaxy.eu makes training accessible, easy to run without much preparation for 50+ people, and for a wide range of topics (Genomics, Metabolomics, Imaging, Ecology, Machine Learning, and more). This effort is developed by and for a large community (>100 contributors), especially during CoFests organized every 3 months online, and events like the ELIXIR Biohackathon in November 2018.
During the last year, new tutorials have been added to the repository (e.g. a series of single-cell tutorials). New topics are also now supported and developed in collaboration with communities like metabolomics. The Galaxy admin trainings have also been integrated into this repository. To reach a wider audience, we enabled automatic translation of the tutorials into 5 languages. We also added some nice features like learning paths to show a list of recommended follow-up tutorials at the end of the hands-on training manuals. We now also support trainers and contributors with the Training Development Kit and resources about teaching and hosting Galaxy training.
This effort will continue over the next year, especially in collaboration with the ELIXIR Training Platform to implement a Training the Trainer program for Galaxy. We will also work with other training communities: the Gallantries project is a joint effort with The Carpentries to provide a hybrid training infrastructure to scale to meet training demand.
Addressing training demand means also developing more and better tutorials. Going forward, we will collaborate with and support new and diverse user communities (e.g. ecology).
An ALMA survey of the SCUBA-2 Cosmology Legacy SurveyUKIDSS/UDS Field: Halo Masses for Submillimetre Galaxies
Creators: name: Stach, S. M.
name: Smail, I.
name: Amvrosiadis, A.
name: Swinbank, A. M.
name: Dudzevičiūtė, U.
name: Geach, J. E.
name: Almaini, O.
name: Birkin, J. E.
name: Chen, Chian-Chou
name: Conselice, C. J.
name: Cooke, E. A.
name: Coppin, K. E. K.
name: Dunlop, J. S.
name: Farrah, D.
name: Ikarashi, S.
name: Ivison, R. J.
name: Wardlow, J. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an analysis of the spatial clustering of a large sample of high-resolution, interferometically identified, submillimetre galaxies (SMGs). We measure the projected cross-correlation function of ~350 SMGs in the UKIDSS Ultra Deep-Survey Field across a redshift range of $z=1.5-3$ utilising a method that incorporates the uncertainties in the redshift measurements for both the SMGs and cross-correlated galaxies through sampling their full probability distribution functions. By measuring the absolute linear bias of the SMGs we derive halo masses of $\log_{10}(M_{\rm halo}[{h^{-1}\,\rm M_{\odot}}])\sim12.8$ with no evidence of evolution in the halo masses with redshift, contrary to some previous work. From considering models of halo mass growth rates we predict that the SMGs will reside in haloes of mass $\log_{10}(M_{\rm halo}[{h^{-1}\,\rm M_{\odot}}])\sim13.2$ at $z=0$, consistent with the expectation that the majority of $z=1.5-3$ SMGs will evolve into present-day spheroidal galaxies. Finally, comparing to models of stellar-to-halo mass ratios, we show that SMGs may correspond to systems that are maximally efficient at converting their gas reservoirs into stars. We compare them to a simple model for gas cooling in halos that suggests that the unique properties of the SMG population, including their high levels of star-formation and their redshift distribution, are a result of the SMGs being the most massive galaxies that are still able to accrete cool gas from their surrounding intragalactic medium.
description: 13 pages, 7 figures, submitted to MNRAS
Neutrino Breakup of A=3 Nuclei in Supernovae
Creators: name: O'Connor, E.
name: Gazit, D.
name: Horowitz, C. J.
name: Schwenk, A.
name: Barnea, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extend the virial equation of state to include 3H and 3He nuclei, and predict significant mass-three fractions near the neutrinosphere in supernovae. While alpha particles are often more abundant, we demonstrate that energy transfer cross-sections for muon and tau neutrinos at low densities are dominated by breakup of the loosely-bound 3H and 3He nuclei. The virial coefficients involving A=3 nuclei are calculated directly from the corresponding nucleon-3H and nucleon-3He scattering phase shifts. For the neutral-current inelastic cross-sections and the energy transfer cross sections, we perform ab-initio calculations based on microscopic two- and three-nucleon interactions and meson-exchange currents.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures, minor additions, to appear in Phys. Rev. C
Integer quantum Hall effect on a six valley hydrogen-passivated silicon (111) surface
Creators: name: Eng, K.
name: McFarland, R. N.
name: Kane, B. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report magneto-transport studies of a two-dimensional electron system formed in an inversion layer at the interface between a hydrogen-passivated Si(111) surface and vacuum. Measurements in the integer quantum Hall regime demonstrate the expected sixfold valley degeneracy for these surfaces is broken, resulting in an unequal occupation of the six valleys and anisotropy in the resistance. We hypothesize the misorientation of Si surface breaks the valley states into three unequally spaced pairs, but the observation of odd filling factors, is difficult to reconcile with non-interacting electron theory.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, to appear in Physical Review Letters
Quantification of Carbon Sequestration in Urban Forests
Creators: name: Klein, Levente J.
name: Zhou, Wang
name: Albrecht, Conrad M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Vegetation, trees in particular, sequester carbon by absorbing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. However, the lack of efficient quantification methods of carbon stored in trees renders it difficult to track the process. We present an approach to estimate the carbon storage in trees based on fusing multi-spectral aerial imagery and LiDAR data to identify tree coverage, geometric shape, and tree species -- key attributes to carbon storage quantification. We demonstrate that tree species information and their three-dimensional geometric shapes can be estimated from aerial imagery in order to determine the tree's biomass. Specifically, we estimate a total of $52,000$ tons of carbon sequestered in trees for New York City's borough Manhattan.