cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Phylogenomics including new sequence data of phytoplankton-infecting chytrids reveals multiple independent lifestyle transitions across the phylum
Creators: name: Thomé, Pauline C.
name: Wolinska, Justyna
name: Wyngaert, Silke Van Den
name: Reñé, Albert
name: Ilicic, Doris
name: Agha, Ramsy
name: Grossart, Hans-Peter
name: Garcés, Esther
name: Monaghan, Michael T.
name: Strassert, Jürgen F. H.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Chytridiomycota
subject: Fungi
subject: Parasitism
subject: Saprotrophy
subject: Evolution
subject: Single-cell genomics
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: Parasitism is the most common lifestyle on Earth and has emerged many times independently across the eukaryotic tree of life. It is frequently found among chytrids (Chytridiomycota), which are early-branching unicellular fungi that feed osmotrophically via rhizoids as saprotrophs or parasites. Chytrids are abundant in most aquatic and terrestrial environments and fulfil important ecosystem functions. As parasites, they can have significant impacts on host populations. They cause global amphibian declines and influence the Earth’s carbon cycle by terminating algal blooms. To date, the evolution of parasitism within the chytrid phylum remains unclear due to the low phylogenetic resolution of rRNA genes for the early diversification of fungi, and because few parasitic lineages have been cultured and genomic data for parasites is scarce. Here, we combine transcriptomics, culture-independent single-cell genomics and a phylogenomic approach to overcome these limitations. We newly sequenced 29 parasitic taxa and combined these with existing data to provide a robust backbone topology for the diversification of Chytridiomycota. Our analyses reveal multiple independent lifestyle transitions between parasitism and saprotrophy among chytrids and multiple host shifts by parasites. Based on these results and the parasitic lifestyle of other early-branching holomycotan lineages, we hypothesise that the chytrid last common ancestor was a parasite of phytoplankton.
title: The geography of oil in the Persian Gulf.
Creators: name: Najar, Muthafar H.
Publisher: name: SOAS University of London
Year: 1971

description: This thesis studies the different aspects of the petroleum industry in the Persian Gulf. As the Gulf covers a vast area, three major oil producers, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, and Iran have been selected for discussion. Production from these countries contributes the major proportion of the Gulf's output of oil. The first chapter is o brief geographical Introduction to the Gulf, and also shows its location in relation to the main oil producing and consuming countries in the world. The effects of political boundaries on the oil companies are analysed. The second chapter is concerned with historical geography of oil exploitation and development in the Gulf, particularly with concession agreements, since these bore closely on the pattern of external control of the oil resource. The location of known oil reserves are outlined in the third chapter, as well as the way in which labour costs and physical factors can affect the cost of production. Production in each of the three countries is then studied. Chapter four deals with the internal movement and storage of oil, and the way it is differently affected by the physical features of the countries under discussion. Means of transporting oil from the Gulf to the main oil markets are analysed in the fifth chapter. The comparative advantages and disadvantages of both pipelines and tankers are shown, and the Suez Canal is discussed in order to demonstrate its effect on oil transport. The main Importing terminals in Western Europe are also examined. Petroleum exports are analysed in chapter six. Areas of demand are discussed, along with the regionally varied influence of political crises on oil exports. The two Suez Crises of 1956 and 1967 are particularly selected, as they led to the consuming countries attempting to diversify the sources of their oil supplies from the Gulf to other parts or the world, and modified the geographical pattern of crude oil supply.
Nitrogen deposition shows no consistent negative nor positive effect on the response of forest productivity to drought across European FLUXNET forest sites
Creators: name: Graaf, S. C. Van Der
name: Janssen, T. A. J.
name: Erisman, J. W.
name: Schaap, Martijn
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: nitrogen deposition-drought interactions
subject: nitrogen deposition
subject: drought
subject: SPEI
subject: European forests
subject: FLUXNET2015
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::550 Geowissenschaften, Geologie::550 Geowissenschaften

description: Atmospheric reactive nitrogen (N) deposition is an important driver of carbon (C) sequestration in forest ecosystems. Previous studies have focused on N-C interactions in various ecosystems; however, relatively little is known about the impact of N deposition on ecosystem C cycling during climate extremes such as droughts. With the occurrence and severity of droughts likely to be exacerbated by climate change, N deposition—drought interactions remain one of the key uncertainties in process-based models to date. This study aims to contribute to the understanding of N deposition-drought dynamics on gross primary production (GPP) in European forest ecosystems. To do so, different soil water availability indicators (Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI), soil volumetric water) and GPP measurements from European FLUXNET forest sites were used to quantify the response of forest GPP to drought. The computed drought responses of the forest GPP to drought were linked to modelled N deposition estimates for varying edaphic, physiological, and climatic conditions. Our result showed a differential response of forest ecosystems to the drought indicators. Although all FLUXNET forest sites showed a coherent dependence of GPP on N deposition, no consistent or significant N deposition effect on the response of forest GPP to drought could be isolated. The mean response of forest GPP to drought could be predicted for forests with Pinus trees as dominant species (R2 = 0.85, RMSE = 8.1). After extracting the influence of the most prominent parameters (mean annual temperature and precipitation, forest age), however, the variability remained too large to significantly substantiate hypothesized N deposition effects. These results suggest that, while N deposition clearly affects forest productivity, N deposition is not a major nor consistent driver of forest productivity responses to drought in European forest ecosystems.
title: The Emirate of Aleppo 392/1002-487/1094.
Creators: name: Zakkar, Suheil
Publisher: name: SOAS University of London
Year: 1969

description: The ensuing thesis, which consists of five chapters and an introduction, deals with the history of the emirate of Aleppo during the years 1002-1094. Within this period the emirate suffered the collapse of the Hamdanid dynasty (founded by Sayf al-Dawla, 945-967), the submission for the first time to a direct Fatimid rule, the establishment of the Mirdasid dynasty, and 'Uqaylid occupation and finally passed under direct Saljuq control. Although, previous to the Saljuq conquest, the emirate was influenced by the policies of both the Fatimid caliphate and the Byzantine empire, most of that time it was ruled by the Mirdasid dynasty. Salih b. Mirdas was the founder of this dynasty and after his death three of his sons, Nasr, Thimal and 'Atiyya succeeded each other in ruling the emirate. Mahmud b. Nasr usurped the ralership from his uncle 'Atiyya and it was during their struggle for power that some of the Turcomans entered the emirate. When he became Amir, Muhmud employed some of the Turcomans in his service, defended Aleppo when the Sultan Alp-Arslan campaigned against it and although his sons Nasr and afterwards S?biq succeeded him, the real power lay in the hands of the Turcomans. The Mirdasid dynasty was tribal, emanating from the Arabic tribe of Kilab which had migrated to northern Syria in the wake of the Islamic conquest of the seventh century. The structure of the tribe, its customs and the general behaviour of its tribesmen characterised this dynasty and contributed both to its establishment and collapse. On the other hand the collapse was a direct result of the capture of Aleppo by Muslim b. Quraysh, Amir of the tribe of 'Uqayl and ruler of al-Mosul. His reign, however, was short-lived and the Saljuq conquest followed rapidly. This conquest took place during the sultanate of Malik Shah who appointed Aq-Sunqur as governor and caused profound political, religious and social changes. The political instability did not end with the appointment of Aq Sunqur whose clash with Tutush, brother of Malik Shah, and struggle for supremacy was the cause of his death. The rural population of the emirate participated in the political life and this was clearly illustrated by the part played by the Ahdath organisation. Islam, Christianity and Judaism were the religions professed by the population and this has been touched upon in the last chapter of the thesis. The principal sources upon which this thesis is based have been enumerated and described in the introduction.
ICON in Climate Limited-area Mode (ICON release version 2.6.1): a new regional climate model
Creators: name: Pham, Trang Van
name: Steger, Christian
name: Rockel, Burkhardt
name: Keuler, Klaus
name: Kirchner, Ingo
name: Mertens, Mariano
name: Rieger, Daniel
name: Zängl, Günther
name: Früh, Barbara
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: numerical weather prediction
subject: radiative-transfer
subject: ECMWF model
subject: scheme
subject: parameterization
subject: performance
subject: formulation
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::550 Geowissenschaften, Geologie::551 Geologie, Hydrologie, Meteorologie

description: For the first time, the Limited-Area Mode of the new ICON (Icosahedral Nonhydrostatic) weather and climate model has been used for a continuous long-term regional climate simulation over Europe. Built upon the Limited-Area Mode of ICON (ICON-LAM), ICON-CLM (ICON in Climate Limited-area Mode, hereafter ICON-CLM, available in ICON release version 2.6.1) is an adaptation for climate applications. A first version of ICON-CLM is now available and has already been integrated into a starter package (ICON-CLM_SP_betal). The starter package provides users with a technical infrastructure that facilitates long-term simulations as well as model evaluation and test routines. ICON-CLM and ICON-CLM_SP were successfully installed and tested on two different computing systems. Tests with different domain decompositions showed bit-identical results, and no systematic outstanding differences were found in the results with different model time steps. ICON-CLM was also able to reproduce the large-scale atmospheric information from the global driving model. Comparison was done between ICON-CLM and the COnsortium for Small-scale MOdeling (COSMO)-CLM (the recommended model configuration by the CLM-Community) performance. For that, an evaluation run of ICON-CLM with ERA-Interim boundary conditions was carried out with the setup similar to the COSMO-CLM recommended optimal setup. ICON-CLM results showed biases in the same range as those of COSMO-CLM for all evaluated surface variables. While this COSMO-CLM simulation was carried out with the latest model version which has been developed and was carefully tuned for climate simulations on the European domain, ICON-CLM was not tuned yet. Nevertheless, ICON-CLM showed a better performance for air temperature and its daily extremes, and slightly better performance for total cloud cover. For precipitation and mean sea level pressure, COSMO-CLM was closer to observations than ICON-CLM. However, as ICON-CLM is still in the early stage of development, there is still much room for improvement.
title: Greece’s labyrinth of language
title: A study in the early modern discovery of dialect diversity
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Rooy, Raf Van
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: greek
subject: dialect diversity
subject: early modern dialect diversity
subject: 400 Sprache::410 Linguistik::410 Linguistik

description: Fascinated with the heritage of ancient Greece, early modern intellectuals cultivated a deep interest in its language, the primary gateway to this long-lost culture, rehabilitated during the Renaissance. Inspired by the humanist battle cry “To the sources!” scholars took a detailed look at the Greek source texts in the original language and its different dialects. In so doing, they saw themselves confronted with major linguistic questions: Is there any order in this immense diversity? Can the Ancient Greek dialects be classified into larger groups? Is there a hierarchy among the dialects? Which dialect is the oldest? Where should problematic varieties such as Homeric and Biblical Greek be placed? How are the differences between the Greek dialects to be described, charted, and explained? What is the connection between the diversity of the Greek tongue and the Greek homeland? And, last but not least, are Greek dialects similar to the dialects of the vernacular tongues? Why (not)? This book discusses and analyzes the often surprising and sometimes contradictory early modern answers to these questions. "This work offers readers a thoroughly novel and particularly enlightening perspective on Ancient Greek dialects through its examination of how the study of these dialects developed in ancient up through pre-modern times. Deftly interweaving discussions of dialectological detail with a consideration of the emergence of various classificatory schemes over many centuries, author Van Rooy has produced a fine work that has much of interest to a wide audience of Hellenists, Classicists, linguists, and historians of the language sciences." — Brian Joseph, Distinguished University Professor of Linguistics, Ohio State University
title: Turkish-Syrian relations in the Ottoman constitutional period (1908-1914).
Creators: name: Harran, Tag E.A.M.
Publisher: name: SOAS University of London
Year: 1969

description: This study attempts to investigate Turkish-Syrian relations in the period 1908-14, and to trace their role in the origins and developnent of the Arab nationalist movement. The Revolution of July 1908 put the Ottoman Empire under the rule of the Young Turks. In 1914 the Empire entered the First World War, a step which was to bring about its ultimate defeat and destruction. During this clynamic period Turco-Syrian relations underwent various stages of development, and the effective Arab movement began. However, signs of such a movement, incoherent and half-conscious, may be seen in the literary and political writings of some Syrians throughout the second half of the nineteenth and the early years of the twentieth century. This is discussed in the introduction which also gives definitions of terms such as "Syria" and "the Syrians", Chapter I analyses the events between July 1908 and the counter-coup of April 1909. From those events stemmed the Syrian opposition to the Young Turk regime. This opposition grew throughout the period under consideration, and several phases in its growth nay be discerned. Chapter II deals with the increasing dissatisfaction of the Syrian Arabs with the policies of the Young Turk regime and exanines the attempt of the leading Syrians to enumerate and redress their grievances against that regime in the years 1909-12. Arab societies in Istanbul as well as the Arab parliamentary lobby played a significant, but often overlooked, role in affecting the relations of the Syrian Aarabs with the Young Turk governments. The assessment of this role is the subject natter of Chapter III. Perhaps the nost important phase of the Syrian-Turkish controversy was the agitation of the Syrians for the introduction of a decentralised form of government in their vilayets. The origins, nature and development of this agitation are investigated in Chapter IV. The attempt of the Syrians to secure their political rights within the framework of the Ottoman Empire reached their climax with the convening of Paris Congress in June, 1913. This Congress and the events following it are examined in the fifth and last chapter. The study ends with a conclusion in which some general views about the subject are ventured.
title: The Umayyad Caliphate 65-86/684-705: A political study.
Creators: name: Abd Dixon, Abd Al-Amee
Publisher: name: SOAS University of London
Year: 1969

description: This thesis is a political study of the Umayyad Caliphate during the reign of 'Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan, 65-86/684-705. The first chapter deals with the political, social and religious background of 'Abd al-Malik, and relates this to his later policy on becoming caliph. Chapter II is devoted to the 'Alid opposition of the period, i.e. the revolt of al-Mukhtar ibn Abi 'Ubaid al-Thaqafi, and its nature, causes and consequences. The 'Asabiyya (tribal feuds), a dominant phenomenon of the Umayyad period, is examined in the third chapter. An attempt is made to throw light on its causes, and on the policies adopted by 'Abd al-Malik to contain it. The fourth chapter is concerned with the civil war between 'Abd al-Malik and Ibn al-Zubair. The underlying factors leading the people of al-Hijaz to support Ibn al-Zubair are examined, to elucidate the nature of the Zubairid opposition movement in general. Chapter V deals with the revolts of Ibn al-Jarud, and of the Zanj; the insurrection of the Azd in 'Uman; and the far more dangerous revolt of 'Abd al-Rahman ibn al-Ash'ath. These revolts are compared to see if they spring from similar discontents, and whether they are in response to the policies of al-Hajjaj. Chapter VI treats the Kharijite movement, which reached its height of activity in this period, in its political aspect, as a source of opposition to 'Abd al-Malik's caliphate. The minor, scattered revolts are described as well as the better-known major Kharijite revolts. This chapter also examines the link between the revolt of Mutarrif ibn al-Mughira, and the movement of Shabii ibn Yazid and the Kharijites in general.
Robust Majorana Conductance Peaks for a Superconducting Lead
Creators: name: Peng, Yang
name: Pientka, Falko
name: Vinkler-Aviv, Yuval
name: Glazman, Leonid I.
name: Oppen, Felix Von
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik

description: Experimental evidence for Majorana bound states largely relies on measurements of the tunneling conductance. While the conductance into a Majorana state is in principle quantized to 2e2/h, observation of this quantization has been elusive, presumably due to temperature broadening in the normal-metal lead. Here, we propose to use a superconducting lead instead, whose gap strongly suppresses thermal excitations. For a wide range of tunneling strengths and temperatures, a Majorana state is then signaled by symmetric conductance peaks at eV=±Δ with quantized height G=(4−π)2e2/h. For a superconducting scanning tunneling microscope tip, Majorana states appear as spatial conductance plateaus while the conductance varies with the local wavefunction for trivial Andreev bound states. We discuss effects of nonresonant (bulk) Andreev reflections and quasiparticle poisoning.
title: The emergence and development of political writing in Burmese literature, 1914-42, with special reference to U Lun.
Creators: name: Htway, Tin
Publisher: name: SOAS University of London
Year: 1969

description: By the time of the Second World War writing on political subjects in Burmese was well established; jet right up to the early years of this century there had been nothing like it in eight centuries of Burmese literature. This thesis attempts to trace the beginning of political writing in Burma, to point out the circumstances that led to its emergence, and to follow its development up to the end of the Second World War. Burmese writing before the introduction of the printing press consisted mainly of verse; what prose writing existed was confined to such subjects as history, law and medicine. But with the adrent of printing and a new mass readership the scope of writing was enlarged to include plays and novels. From the time of the First World War there developed a growing involvement in international affairs, hostility against the colonial government and a demand for independence; so writers came to write on politics, a subject which had now become of paramount importance for every nationalist Burmese. Political writing became acceptable to the Burmese largely as the result of the work of one man, Saya Lun (also known as Mr. Maung Hmaing and as Thakhin Kodaw Hmaing) and that is the reason he is given special prominence in this thesis. Saya Lun had already established himself as a successful playwright and poet and had earned a considerable reputation as a scholar before he launched into political writing. He already had a willing audience whom he gently introduced into the sphere of political debate. Apart from the influence he wielded at the time.;he had no small effect on the future development of the country;he supported and encouraged the young independence fighters and shaped many of the ideas of the men who were to become leaders of an independent Burma.
Chronic Wasting Due to Liver and Rumen Flukes in Sheep
Creators: name: Kahl, Alexandra
name: Samson-Himmelstjerna, Georg Von
name: Krücken, Jürgen
name: Ganter, Martin
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: sheep
subject: trematodes
subject: flukes
subject: infection
subject: wasting
subject: emaciation
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::630 Landwirtschaft::630 Landwirtschaft und verwandte Bereiche
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::630 Landwirtschaft::636 Viehwirtschaft
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::616 Krankheiten

description: Grazing sheep and goats are constantly exposed to helminth infections in many parts of the world, including several trematode species that causes a range of clinical diseases. The clinical picture of flukes is dependent upon the organs in which they develop and the tissues they damage within the respective organs. Accordingly, infections with the common liver fluke Fasciola hepatica, which, as juvenile worm migrates through the liver parenchyma for several weeks, may be associated with hepatic disorders such as impairment of carbohydrate, protein and fat metabolism, followed by chronic wasting. In contrast, the lancet fluke Dicrocoelium dendriticum, which does not exhibit tissue migration and thus does not lead to major tissue damage and bleeding, also does not lead to significant clinical symptoms. Rumen flukes such as Cotylophoron daubneyi cause catarrhal inflammation during their migration through the intestinal and abomasal epithelium during its juvenile stages. Depending on the infection intensity this may result in a range of clinical symptoms including diarrhoea, inappetence or emaciation. In this review, we aim to provide an update on the current knowledge on flukes particularly concerning the clinical relevance of the most important fluke species in sheep.
Wave-Function Hybridization in Yu-Shiba-Rusinov Dimers
Creators: name: Ruby, Michael
name: Heinrich, Benjamin W.
name: Peng, Yang
name: Oppen, Felix Von
name: Franke, Katharina J.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Electronic structure of atoms & molecules
subject: Magnetic interactions
subject: Superconductors
subject: Scanning tunneling microscopy
subject: Scanning tunneling spectroscopy
subject: Condensed Matter & Materials Physics
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::530 Physik

description: Magnetic adsorbates on superconductors induce local bound states within the superconducting gap. These Yu-Shiba-Rusinov (YSR) states decay slowly away from the impurity compared to atomic orbitals, even in 3D bulk crystals. Here, we use scanning tunneling spectroscopy to investigate their hybridization between two nearby magnetic Mn adatoms on a superconducting Pb(001) surface. We observe that the hybridization leads to the formation of symmetric and antisymmetric combinations of YSR states. We investigate how the structure of the dimer wave functions and the energy splitting depend on the shape of the underlying monomer orbitals and the orientation of the dimer with respect to the Pb lattice.
A full gap above the Fermi level: the charge density wave of monolayer VS2
Creators: name: Efferen, Camiel Van
name: Berges, Jan
name: Hall, Joshua
name: Loon, Erik Van
name: Kraus, Stefan
name: Schobert, Arne
name: Wekking, Tobias
name: Huttmann, Felix
name: Plaar, Eline
name: Arruda, Lucas M.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Electronic properties and materials
subject: Magnetic properties and materials
subject: Two-dimensional materials
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::530 Physik

description: In the standard model of charge density wave (CDW) transitions, the displacement along a single phonon mode lowers the total electronic energy by creating a gap at the Fermi level, making the CDW a metal–insulator transition. Here, using scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy and ab initio calculations, we show that VS2 realizes a CDW which stands out of this standard model. There is a full CDW gap residing in the unoccupied states of monolayer VS2. At the Fermi level, the CDW induces a topological metal-metal (Lifshitz) transition. Non-linear coupling of transverse and longitudinal phonons is essential for the formation of the CDW and the full gap above the Fermi level. Additionally, x-ray magnetic circular dichroism reveals the absence of net magnetization in this phase, pointing to coexisting charge and spin density waves in the ground state.
Simulation study of BESIII with stitched CMOS pixel detector using ACTS
Creators: name: Liu, Yi
name: Ai, Xiaocong
name: Xiao, Guangyan
name: Li, Yaxuan
name: Wu, Linghui
name: Wang, Liangliang
name: Dong, Jianing
name: Dong, Mingyi
name: Geng, Qinglin
name: Luo, Min
name: Niu, Yan
name: Wang, Anqing
name: Wang, Chenxu
name: Wang, Meng
name: Zhang, Lei
name: Zhang, Liang
name: Zhang, Ruikai
name: Zhang, Yao
name: Zhao, Minggang
name: Zhou, Yang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Reconstruction of tracks of charged particles with high precision is very crucial for HEP experiments to achieve their physics goals. As the tracking detector of BESIII experiment, the BESIII drift chamber has suffered from aging effects resulting in degraded tracking performance after operation for about 15 years. To preserve and enhance the tracking performance of BESIII, one of the proposals is to add one layer of thin CMOS pixel sensor in cylindrical shape based on the state-of-the-art stitching technology, between the beam pipe and the drift chamber. The improvement of tracking performance of BESIII with such an additional pixel detector compared to that with only the existing drift chamber is studied using the modern common tracking software ACTS, which provides a set of detector-agnostic and highly performant tracking algorithms that have demonstrated promising performance for a few high energy physics and nuclear physics experiments.
title: Performative politics: Artworks, festival praxis and nationalism with reference to the Ganapati Utsava in Western India.
Creators: name: Kahlon, Raminder K.
Publisher: name: SOAS University of London
Year: 1998

description: This study explores regionally based perspectives on the broader nation-wide phenomena of the politicisation of Hinduism (Hindutva) in historical and contemporary times (van der Veer 1987; Basu et al 1993; Pandey 1993; Jaffrelot 1996). However, in contrast to these works, my focus is on the extent to which an annual religious festival, the Ganapati utsava, has been effected by the wider socio-political terrain in the cities of Mumbai and Pune, Maharashtra. The Ganapati utsava is a discursive arena for mutually reliant activities of a devotional, artistic, entertaining, and socio-political nature. The intertwining of the various constituent elements sustain and accentuate each other in the performative milieux of the festival, yet also lie outside of totalising political schemas. I note that the festival has become a site for the hegemonic strategies of several political parties, and sponsored media competitions who all vie for supremacy in the festive context. As a result, the festival represents an uneven field of consent and contestation (Laclau and Mouflfe 1985). The history, and contemporary praxis of the festival necessitates a consideration of the movement of nationalism(s) for which the festival played a significant part, particularly under the auspices of Bal Gangadhar Tilak since the 1890s. I propose that the efficacy of nationalism as a hegemonic strategy relies as much on public performative events, as on constitutional politics and social structures (eg. Gellner 1983), or on the print media, such as newspapers and novels (eg. Anderson 1983). By integrating Habermas' views on the 'public sphere' (Habermas 1991) and perspectives on public rituals or 'public arenas' (Freitag 1989), the study notes the interactive potency of both collective gatherings and media forms as sites for variant nationalist strategies. Mandap (shrine) tableaux, in particular, are considered as performative loci for socio-political variables, particularly in their audio-taped narratives and visualisation of versions of the nation.
MPEC 2024-P147 : 2024 PV3
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2024 PV3

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Asynchronous responses of aquatic ecosystems to hydroclimatic forcing on the Tibetan Plateau
Creators: name: Aichner, Bernhard
name: Wünnemann, Bernd
name: Callegaro, Alice
name: Meer, Marcel T. J. Van Der
name: Yan, Dada
name: Zhang, Yongzhan
name: Barbante, Carlo
name: Sachse, Dirk
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Hydrology
subject: Palaeoclimate
subject: Stable isotope analysis
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::550 Geowissenschaften, Geologie::550 Geowissenschaften

description: High-altitude ecosystems react sensitively to hydroclimatic triggers. Here we evaluated the ecological and hydrological changes in a glacier-influenced lake (Hala Hu, China) since the last glacial. Rapid fluctuations of aquatic biomarker concentrations, ratios, and hydrogen isotope values, from 15 to 14,000 and 8 to 5000 years before present, provided evidence for aquatic regime shifts and changes in lake hydrology. In contrast, most negative hydrogen isotope values of terrestrial biomarkers were observed between 9 and 7,000 years before present. This shows that shifts of vapour sources and increased precipitation amounts were not relevant drivers behind ecosystem changes in the studied lake. Instead, receding glaciers and increased meltwater discharge, driven by higher temperatures, caused the pronounced ecological responses. The shifts within phytoplankton communities in the Late Glacial and mid Holocene illustrate the vulnerability of comparable ecosystems to climatic and hydrological changes. This is relevant to assess future ecological responses to global warming.
Brain connectivity inversely scales with developmental temperature in Drosophila
Creators: name: Kiral, Ferdi Ridvan
name: Dutta, Suchetana B.
name: Linneweber, Gerit Arne
name: Hilgert, Selina
name: Poppa, Caroline
name: Duch, Carsten
name: Kleist, Max Von
name: Hassan, Bassem A.
name: Hiesinger, P. Robin
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Drosophila
subject: Brain connectivity
subject: developmental temperature
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: Variability of synapse numbers and partners despite identical genes reveals the limits of genetic determinism. Here, we use developmental temperature as a non-genetic perturbation to study variability of brain wiring and behavior in Drosophila. Unexpectedly, slower development at lower temperatures increases axo-dendritic branching, synapse numbers, and non-canonical synaptic partnerships of various neurons, while maintaining robust ratios of canonical synapses. Using R7 photoreceptors as a model, we show that changing the relative availability of synaptic partners using a DIPγ mutant that ablates R7’s preferred partner leads to temperature-dependent recruitment of non-canonical partners to reach normal synapse numbers. Hence, R7 synaptic specificity is not absolute but based on the relative availability of postsynaptic partners and presynaptic control of synapse numbers. Behaviorally, movement precision is temperature robust, while movement activity is optimized for the developmentally encountered temperature. These findings suggest genetically encoded relative and scalable synapse formation to develop functional, but not identical, brains and behaviors.
title: A critical edition and translation of the "Padumavati" of Malik Muhammad Jayasi with grammatical study and comparative glossary: A comparative study of the Hindi (Avadhi) language in the 16th century.
Creators: name: Dhar, Lakshmi
Publisher: name: SOAS University of London
Year: 1940

description: The importance of Padumavati cannot be overstressed. Its value consists chiefly in its age. It is a work of great interest from the point of view both of the philological data it supplies and of its literary value. Malik Muhammad is, without dispute, the oldest Hindi poet of whom any uncontested remains are available. He flourished under Sher Shah in the year 1540 A.D. In tha same year he wrote this poem in Avadhi, which was evidently the actual spoken language at the time in Avadh. It seems that he originally wrote it in the Persian characters and spelt each word rigorously as it was pronounced. Here an attempt is made to give a correct text constructed on modern methods of critical and scientific editorship and a translation - literal with occasional freedom, where to be literal was to be unjust to the spirit of the poet. The text has been constructed after critically comparing five MSS. in Persian characters, one MS. in Nagari characters and the edition of the Nagari Pracarini Sabha, Benares (1924). I have taken as the basis throughout MS. Pb., described in the catelogue of Hindi MSS. of India Office Library, No.1975, dated 1109 Hij. = 1697 A.D. In the absence of a single Persian MS. with complete vowel marks and of a fairly accurate MS. in Nagari characters, the difficulties of an editor are obvious and many; the difficulties met in translating the work are no fewer. THIS WORK FALLS INTO FOUR PARTS:- PART I A grammatical study of the language of the text. PART II. Text with critical footnotes. PART III. Translation with some critical notes. PART IV A complete word index of the text with lexical comparison with Guru Nanak's adi Grantha and Ramacarita-manasa (Ramayana) of Tulsi Das. In preparing the last part I have made an index of the adi Grantha because none exists at present.
Immunization Trials with Recombinant Major Sperm Protein of the Bovine Lungworm Dictyocaulus viviparus
Creators: name: Springer, Andrea
name: Holtum, Christian Von
name: Samson-Himmelstjerna, Georg Von
name: Strube, Christina
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: major sperm protein
subject: Dictyocaulus viviparus
subject: recombinant vaccine
subject: vaccination
subject: immunization
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::630 Landwirtschaft::630 Landwirtschaft und verwandte Bereiche
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::616 Krankheiten

description: The lungworm Dictyocaulus viviparus is one of the most economically important bovine parasites in temperate climate regions. Following infection, D. viviparus induces a temporary protective immunity, and a vaccine based on attenuated, infective larvae is commercially available. However, due to several disadvantages of the live vaccine, the development of a recombinant subunit vaccine is highly desirable. Therefore, the major sperm protein (MSP), which is essential for the parasite’s reproduction, was tested as a recombinantly Escherichia coli-expressed glutathione-S-transferase (GST)-fused vaccine antigen in immunization trials with two different adjuvants, Quil A and Al(OH)3. Calves (N = 4 per group) were immunized on study day (SD) 0, 21 and 42 and given a challenge infection on SD 63–65. The two control groups received only the respective adjuvant. Based on geometric means (GM), a 53.64% reduction in larvae per female worm was observed in the rMSP Quil A group vs. its control group (arithmetic means (AM): 54.43%), but this difference was not statistically significant. In the rMSP Al(OH)3 group, the mean number of larvae per female worm was even higher than in the respective control group (GM: 9.24%, AM: 14.14%). Furthermore, male and female worm burdens and the absolute number of larvae did not differ significantly, while the Al(OH)3 control group harbored significantly longer worms than the vaccinated group. Vaccinated animals showed a rise in rMSP-specific antibodies, particularly IgG and its subclass IgG1, and the native protein was detected by immunoblots. Although rMSP alone did not lead to significantly reduced worm fecundity, it might still prove useful as part of a multi-component vaccine.
Plasma concentration guided dosing of drugs used for the treatment of childhood leukaemias: protocol for a systematic review
Creators: name: Dyk, Madelé Van
name: Boylan, Chelsea
name: Michelet, Robin
name: Mc Laughlin, Anna M.
name: Kichenadasse, Ganessan
name: May, Nikki
name: Ziesenitz, Victoria
name: Anker, Johannes N. Van Den
name: Mikus, Gerd
name: Kloft, Charlotte
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: chemotherapy
subject: paediatric oncology
subject: leukaemia
subject: clinical pharmacology
subject: paediatrics
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::615 Pharmakologie, Therapeutik

description: Introduction: Childhood leukaemia is the most common type of cancer in children and represents among 25% of the diagnoses in children <15 years old. Childhood survival rates have significantly improved within the last 40 years due to a rapid advancement in therapeutic interventions. However, in high-risk groups, survival rates remain poor. Pharmacokinetic (PK) data of cancer medications in children are limited and thus current dosing regimens are based on studies with small sample sizes. In adults, large variability in PK is observed and dose individualisation (plasma concentration guided dosing) has been associated with improved clinical outcomes; whether this is true for children is still unknown. This provides an opportunity to explore this strategy in children to potentially reduce toxicities and ensure optimal dosing. This paper will provide a protocol to systematically review studies that have used dose individualisation of drugs used in the treatment of childhood leukaemias. Methods and analysis: Systematic review methodology will be applied to identify, select and extract data from published plasma guided dosing studies conducted in a paediatric leukaemia cohort. Databases (eg, Ovid Embase, Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid Cochrane) and clinical trial registries (CENTRAL, ClinicalTrials.gov and ISRCTN) will be used to perform the systematic literature search (up until February 2021). Only full empirical studies will be included, with primary clinical outcomes (progression-free survival, toxicities, minimal residual disease status, complete cytogenetic response, partial cytogenetic response and major molecular response) being used to decide whether the study will be included. The quality of included studies will be undertaken, with a subgroup analysis where appropriate. Ethics and dissemination: This systematic review will not require ethics approval as there will not be collection of primary data. Findings of this review will be made available through publications in peer-reviewed journals and conference presentations. Gaps will be identified in current literature to inform future-related research. PROSPERO registration number CRD42021225045.
Quantitative Heat-Kernel Estimates for Diffusions with Distributional Drift
Creators: name: Perkowski, Nicolas
name: Zuijlen, Willem Van
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Heat-kernel estimate
subject: Singular diffusion
subject: Parametrix method
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::510 Mathematik::510 Mathematik

description: We consider the stochastic differential equation on Rd given by dXt=b(t,Xt)dt+dBt, where B is a Brownian motion and b is considered to be a distribution of regularity >−12. We show that the martingale solution of the SDE has a transition kernel Γt and prove upper and lower heat-kernel estimates for Γt with explicit dependence on t and the norm of b.
Cryogenic infrared spectroscopy provides mechanistic insight into the fragmentation of phospholipid silver adducts
Creators: name: Kirschbaum, Carla
name: Greis, Kim
name: Gewinner, Sandy
name: Schöllkopf, Wieland
name: Meijer, Gerard
name: Helden, Gert Von
name: Pagel, Kevin
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Infrared spectroscopy
subject: Tandem mass spectrometry
subject: Lipidomics
subject: Glycerophospholipids
subject: Isomers
subject: Silver
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften

description: Tandem mass spectrometry is arguably the most important analytical tool for structure elucidation of lipids and other metabolites. By fragmenting intact lipid ions, valuable structural information such as the lipid class and fatty acyl composition are readily obtainable. The information content of a fragment spectrum can often be increased by the addition of metal cations. In particular, the use of silver ions is deeply rooted in the history of lipidomics due to their propensity to coordinate both electron-rich heteroatoms and C = C bonds in aliphatic chains. Not surprisingly, coordination of silver ions was found to enable the distinction of sn-isomers in glycerolipids by inducing reproducible intensity differences in the fragment spectra, which could, however, not be rationalized. Here, we investigate the fragmentation behaviors of silver-adducted sn- and double bond glycerophospholipid isomers by probing fragment structures using cryogenic gas-phase infrared (IR) spectroscopy. Our results confirm that neutral headgroup loss from silver-adducted glycerophospholipids leads to dioxolane-type fragments generated by intramolecular cyclization. By combining high-resolution IR spectroscopy and computational modelling of silver-adducted fragments, we offer qualitative explanations for different fragmentation behaviors of glycerophospholipid isomers. Overall, the results demonstrate that gas-phase IR spectroscopy of fragment ions can significantly contribute to our understanding of lipid dissociation mechanisms and the influence of coordinating cations.
Euro+Med-Checklist Notulae, 14
Creators: name: Raab-Straube, Eckhard Von
name: Raus, Thomas
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: distribution
subject: Euro+Med PlantBase
subject: Europe
subject: Med-Checklist
subject: Mediterranean
subject: new record
subject: taxonomy
subject: vascular plants
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::580 Pflanzen (Botanik)::580 Pflanzen (Botanik)

description: This is the fourteenth of a series of miscellaneous contributions, by various authors, where hitherto unpublished data relevant to both the Med-Checklist and the Euro+Med (or Sisyphus) projects are presented. This instalment deals with the families Apocynaceae, Compositae, Crassulaceae, Cyperaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Gramineae, Leguminosae, Nyctaginaceae, Onagraceae, Orobanchaceae, Rubiaceae, Solanaceae and Umbelliferae. It includes new country and area records and taxonomic and distributional considerations for taxa in Acalypha, Bupleurum, Carex, Datura, Epilobium, Eragrostis, Galium, Leontodon, Mirabilis, Nerium, Orobanche, Phelipanche, Rhinanthus, Saccharum, Sedum, Trifolium, Tripleurospermum and Willemetia.
title: Book IV of the "Bustan us-Salatin" by Nuruddin ar-Raniri: A study from the manuscripts of a 17th century Malay work written in North Sumatra.
Creators: name: Grinter, Catherine A.
Publisher: name: SOAS University of London
Year: 1979

description: This thesis examines the composition of the Bustan us-Salatin by Nuruddin ar-Raniri using internal evidence to establish the aims of the author and the nature of the work. This analysis shows that the Bustan us-Salatin displays far greater planning and organization of material than has hitherto been recognized. It is suggested that Chapters 11, 12 and 13 of Book II were not part of the work as envisaged by Nuruddin ar-Raniri. An edition of Book IV of the bustan us-Salatin and a translation of the text is presented. The edition is accompanied by textual notes and lists of proper names and unusual words. An examination of the Arabic sources of the stories of Book IV has been undertaken with special emphasis on the works of al-Ghazzali and the Rawd at-rayahin of al-Yati'i and shows the selectivity with which Nuruddin ar-Raniri used materials from such sources. Parallel themes in Malay Literature have been examined concentrating especially on those within the Malay Taj us-Salatin and Ilikayut Bakhtiar.
On Topological Complexity of Billiard Configuration Spaces
Creators: name: Sadovek, Nikola
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Topological Complexity
subject: CW complex
subject: Obstruction Theory
subject: 500 Natural sciences and mathematics::510 Mathematics::514 Topology

description: The Billiard Configuration Space was first introduced by Farber and Tabachnikov to explore the number of periodic billiard trajectories within a smooth, strictly convex domain in Euclidean space. Estimating the Lusternik–Schnirelmann category of the Billiard Configuration Space for a sphere is crucial for establishing bounds on the number of such periodic trajectories. A related concept—topological complexity—was introduced by Farber to address problems in motion planning. Farber, in collaboration with Yuzvinsky and later with Grant, computed the topological complexity of the (standard) Configuration Space in a series of papers. This thesis aims to extend these ideas by providing bounds on the topological complexity and calculating the Lusternik–Schnirelmann category of the Billiard Configuration Space using obstruction theory. Furthermore, we present two Salvetti-type cellular models: the first is applied to compute the fundamental group of the Billiard Configuration Space, while the second allows for the application of obstruction theory.