cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
(102182) Isaac Howells
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
(102180) Hannah Howells
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Shortcuts to Adiabaticity for Fast Qubit Readout in Circuit Quantum Electrodynamics
Creators: name: Cárdenas-López, F. A.
name: Chen, Xi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose how to engineer the longitudinal coupling to accelerate the measurement of a qubit longitudinally coupled to a cavity, motivated by the concept of shortcuts to adiabaticity. Different modulations are inversely designed from two methods of inverse engineering and counter-diabatic driving, for achieving larger values of the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) at nanosecond scale. By comparison, we demonstrate that our protocols outperform the usual periodic modulations on the pointer state separation and SNR. Finally, we show a possible implementation considering state-of-the-art circuit quantum electrodynamics architecture, estimating the minimal time allowed for the measurement process.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures
A Bivariate Time Series Approach to Anthropogenic Trend Detection in Hemispheric Mean Temperatures
Creators: name: Santer, Benjamin D.
name: Wigley, Tom M. L.
name: Smith, Richard L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2003

description: A bivariate time series regression approach is used to model observed variations in hemispheric mean temperature over the period 1900-96. The regression equations include deterministic predictor variables and lagged values of the two predictands, and two different forms of this basic structure are employed. The deterministic predictors considered are simple linear trends, various climate model-generated time series based on different combinations of greenhouse gas, sulfate aerosol, and solar forcing, and the Southern Oscillation index (SOI). With linear trends as the only predictors, the best model is a fourth-order bivariate autoregressive model including lagged Southern Hemisphere (SH) to Northern Hemisphere (NH) dependence, as in previous work by Kaufmann and Stern. The estimated NH and SH trends are both + 0.67°C century-1, and both are highly statistically significant. If SOI is included as an additional predictor, however, a first-order time series model, with no SH to NH dependence, is an adequate fit to the data. This shows that SOI may be an important covariate in this kind of analysis. Further analysis uses climate model-generated forcing terms representing greenhouses gases, sulfate aerosols, and solar effects, as well as SOI. The statistical analysis makes extensive use of Bayes factors as a device for discriminating among a wide spectrum of possible models. The best fits to the data are obtained when all three forcing terms are included. Total sulfate aerosol forcing of 1.1 W m-2(with a corresponding climate sensitivity of ΔT2+ = 4.2cC) is preferred to -0.7 W m-2(with sensitivity of 2.3°C), but the Bayes factor discrimination between these cases is weak.
(102177) James Price
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Future Directions in Breast Imaging
Creators: name: Pisano, Etta
name: McLelland, Robert
name: Pavic, Dag
name: Koomen, Marcia
name: Kuzmiak, Cherie
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2005

description: Breast cancer imaging has improved dramatically over the last decade, with higher and more uniform quality standards for mammography, the increasing use of sonography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and the widespread availability of imaging-guided percutaneous biopsy for clinically occult disease. This review paper describes the limitations that exist in the current state of the art for breast cancer imaging for detection and diagnosis. Four broad areas of future investigation are described in detail. First, we discuss the use of newer versions of mammography, such as digital mammography, with tomosynthesis and digital subtraction mammography. Secondly, new screening for occult disease might be improved through individualized strategies that stratify by patient risk, for example, through more rigorous screening with new and different tools for women at high risk. Third, the use of tools that might be useful for less invasive therapy of breast cancer with imaging to monitor the efficacy of the therapy is discussed. Finally, we describe the use of imaging to monitor and adjust neoadjuvant chemotherapy regimens in the course of therapy for advanced breast cancers when the risk of death is high.
Why Do Patients With Cancer Visit Emergency Departments? Results of a 2008 Population Study in North Carolina
Creators: name: Wyss, Annah
name: Travers, Debbie
name: Mayer, Deborah
name: Leak, Ashley
name: Waller, Anna
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Purpose
Emergency departments (EDs) in the United States are used by patients with cancer for disease
or treatment-related problems and unrelated issues. The North Carolina Disease Event Tracking
and Epidemiologic Collection Tool (NC DETECT) collects information about ED visits through a
statewide database.
Patients and Methods
After approval by the institutional review board, 2008 NC DETECT ED visit data were acquired and
cancer-related visits were identified. Descriptive statistics and logistic regressions were performed.
Of 4,190,911 ED visits in 2008, there were 37,760 ED visits by 27,644 patients
with cancer.
Results
Among patients, 77.2% had only one ED visit in 2008, the mean age was 64 years, and there were
slightly more men than women. Among visits, the payor was Medicare for 52.4% and Medicaid
for 12.1%. More than half the visits by patients with cancer occurred on weekends or evenings,
and 44.9% occurred during normal hours. The top three chief complaints were related to pain,
respiratory distress, and GI issues. Lung, breast, prostate, and colorectal cancers were identified
in 26.9%, 6.3%, 6%, and 7.7% of visits, respectively, with diagnosis. A total of 63.2% of visits
resulted in hospital admittance. When controlling for sex, age, time of day, day of week, insurance,
and diagnosis position, patients with lung cancer were more likely to be admitted than patients
with other types of cancer.
Conclusion
To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to provide a population-based snapshot of ED
visits by patients with cancer in North Carolina. Efforts that target clinical problems and specific
populations may improve delivery of quality cancer care and avoid ED visits.
(102176) Caroline Bellam
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
(102175) James Brychan Kirkhouse
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
The culture of astronomy and its scientists
Creators: name: Dalgleish, Hannah
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: astronomy
cultural relations
science policy
open access

description: Astronomy is a deeply cultural science; an evening spent under a dark, starry night sky can evoke feelings of awe, wonder, and of being a global citizen. On the other hand, the pursuit of astronomical knowledge depends on cross-border co-operation: observers need shared infrastructure and intelligence to study the Universe's greatest mysteries. Not only does this advance science, but also brings significant societal and political benefits: through international collaboration, astronomy can bring governments and nations together to foster trust, peace and prosperity, and to help bridge the North-South divide. In turn, many astronomers themselves are rooted in a culture of openness, devoted to reaching and supporting marginalised communities and narrowing societal gaps. Together, through embracing the mystery of the Universe, we can draw forth upon our empathy and compassion, and come together under one sky.
Machine-learning-enhanced quantum sensors for accurate magnetic field imaging
Creators: name: Tsukamoto, Moeta
name: Ito, Shuji
name: Ogawa, Kensuke
name: Ashida, Yuto
name: Sasaki, Kento
name: Kobayashi, Kensuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Local detection of magnetic fields is crucial for characterizing nano- and micro-materials and has been implemented using various scanning techniques or even diamond quantum sensors. Diamond nanoparticles (nanodiamonds) offer an attractive opportunity to chieve high spatial resolution because they can easily be close to the target within a few 10 nm simply by attaching them to its surface. A physical model for such a randomly oriented nanodiamond ensemble (NDE) is available, but the complexity of actual experimental conditions still limits the accuracy of deducing magnetic fields. Here, we demonstrate magnetic field imaging with high accuracy of 1.8 $μ$T combining NDE and machine learning without any physical models. We also discover the field direction dependence of the NDE signal, suggesting the potential application for vector magnetometry and improvement of the existing model. Our method further enriches the performance of NDE to achieve the accuracy to visualize mesoscopic current and magnetism in atomic-layer materials and to expand the applicability in arbitrarily shaped materials, including living organisms. This achievement will bridge machine learning and quantum sensing for accurate measurements.
description: 29 pages, 10 figures
Feedback-enabled Microwave Quantum Illumination
Creators: name: Ebrahimi, Mehri Sadat
name: Zippilli, Stefano
name: Vitali, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A simple feedback scheme can be used to operate efficiently a microwave-quantum-illumination device based on electro-optomechanical systems also in regimes in which excess dissipation would, otherwise, prevent to outperform the optimal classical illumination protocol with the same transmitted energy.
Security Thinking in Online Freelance Software Development- Interview Questions (ICSE 2023)
Creators: name: Rauf, Irum
name: Petre, Marian
name: Lopez, Tamara
name: Tun, Thein
name: NUSEIBEH, BASHAR
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2023
Subjects: Empirical software engineering

description: This document contains interview protocol for the study done for research paper: Rauf, I., Petre, I., Tun, T., Lopez, T., Nuseibeh, B., (2023) Security Thinking in Online Freelance Software Development. In: Proceedings of the ACM/IEEE 45th International Conference on Software Engineering.
Human Activity Recognition Using Tools of Convolutional Neural Networks: A State of the Art Review, Data Sets, Challenges and Future Prospects
Creators: name: Islam, Md. Milon
name: Nooruddin, Sheikh
name: Karray, Fakhri
name: Muhammad, Ghulam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Human Activity Recognition (HAR) plays a significant role in the everyday life of people because of its ability to learn extensive high-level information about human activity from wearable or stationary devices. A substantial amount of research has been conducted on HAR and numerous approaches based on deep learning and machine learning have been exploited by the research community to classify human activities. The main goal of this review is to summarize recent works based on a wide range of deep neural networks architecture, namely convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for human activity recognition. The reviewed systems are clustered into four categories depending on the use of input devices like multimodal sensing devices, smartphones, radar, and vision devices. This review describes the performances, strengths, weaknesses, and the used hyperparameters of CNN architectures for each reviewed system with an overview of available public data sources. In addition, a discussion with the current challenges to CNN-based HAR systems is presented. Finally, this review is concluded with some potential future directions that would be of great assistance for the researchers who would like to contribute to this field.
description: 32 pages, 4 figures, 4 Tables
WP5 WoRMs/LOD Implementation Plan Presentation
Creators: name: Poriter, Marc
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Post: D5.1: WoRMS/LOD Gap Analysis Introduction Session
To continue to build the community around project MareGraph and a natural next step to keep everyone up to date. I would like to invite you to a short introduction session on Deliverable 5.1: WoRMS/LOD Gap Analysis, led by work package 5: Technical implementation (VLIZ).
It will be a general introduction ('30mins) but the nature of the topic touches upon technical aspects. This report brings the ideas of D4.1: Architecture whitepaper into practice and will create an opportunity early on for ideas we may have missed. We would like to give the opportunity for devs or tech colleagues to ask questions.
This intro session might be particularly interesting to EmodnetBio phase 5 because D5.1 may serve as a template for providing an LDES feed for the bodc-nerc-vocab resp for SeaDataNet linked open data.
Electrophysiological Evidence for Reversed Lexical Repetition Effects in Language Processing
Creators: name: Swaab, Tamara
name: Gordon, Peter
name: Camblin, C. Christine
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2004

description: Effects of word repetition are extremely robust, but can these effects be modulated by discourse context? We examined this in an ERP experiment that tested coreferential processing (when two expressions refer to the same person) with repeated names. ERPs were measured to repeated names and pronoun controls in two conditions: (1) In the prominent condition the repeated name or pronoun coreferred with the subject of the preceding sentence and was therefore prominent in the preceding discourse (e.g., "John went to the store after John/he."); (2) in the nonprominent condition the repeated name or pronoun coreferred with a name that was embedded in a conjoined noun phrase, and was therefore nonprominent (e.g., "John and Mary went to the store after John/he."). Relative to the prominent condition, the nonprominent condition always contained two extra words (e.g., "and Mary"), and the repetition lag was therefore smaller in the prominent condition. Typically, effects of repetition are larger with smaller lags. Nevertheless, the amplitude of the N400 was reduced to a coreferentially repeated name when the antecedent was nonprominent as compared to when it was prominent. No such difference was observed for the pronoun controls. Because the N400 effect reflects difficulties in lexical integration, this shows that the difficulty of achieving coreference with a name increased with the prominence of the referent. This finding is the reverse of repetition lag effects on N400 previously found with word lists, and shows that language context can override general memory mechanisms.
(102174) Wynne Nugent Vaughan Kirkhouse
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Changing cultures – What research stakeholders' perspectives tell us about research assessments
Creators: name: Aubert Bonn, Noémie
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: Research assessments influence the way in which research is conducted; encouraging researchers to focus on certain aspects of their work over others. In the past few years, we conducted interviews, focus groups, and surveys with a wide array of different research stakeholders and we explored what their perspectives could tell us about research assessments. We found that there was an obvious misalignment between ‘career’ success and ‘research’ success. ‘Career’ success largely focus on quantity, outputs, individual achievements, and exceptional findings, but they disregard aspects which are essential in advancing science, such as transparency, quality, openness, and innovation. We also found that the career structures embedded in current academia add to the problem, placing early career researchers in an hypercompetitive, instable, and often unsupportive environment. Together, these issue have a profound impact on the culture of research. Addressing research assessments, therefore, requires not only a realignment of the indicators used to assess researchers, but also a change in profound structural and cultural aspects of research.
(102173) Jane Margaret Kirkhouse
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Automatic Detection of Charge Transitions in Charge Stability Diagrams
Creators: name: Hader, Fabian
name: Fleitmann, Sarah
name: Fuchs, Fabian
name: Havemann, Karin
name: Scherer, Benedikt
name: Vogelbruch, Jan-Friedrich
name: Geck, Lotte
name: van Waasen, Stefan
Publisher: name: Forschungzentrum Jülich
Year: 2024

description: 3rd JUQCA-Day, Jülich, Germany, 27 Jun 2024 - 27 Jun 2024
Investigating cognitive ability using action-based models of structural brain networks
Creators: name: Arora, Viplove
name: Amico, Enrico
name: Goñi, Joaquín
name: Ventresca, Mario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recent developments in network neuroscience have highlighted the importance of developing techniques for analyzing and modeling brain networks. A particularly powerful approach for studying complex neural systems is to formulate generative models that use wiring rules to synthesize networks closely resembling the topology of a given connectome. Successful models can highlight the principles by which a network is organized (identify structural features that arise from wiring rules versus those that emerge) and potentially uncover the mechanisms by which it grows and develops. Previous research has shown that such models can validate the effectiveness of spatial embedding and other (non-spatial) wiring rules in shaping the network topology of the human connectome. In this research, we propose variants of the action-based model that combine a variety of generative factors capable of explaining the topology of the human connectome. We test the descriptive validity of our models by evaluating their ability to explain between-subject variability. Our analysis provides evidence that geometric constraints are vital for connectivity between brain regions, and an action-based model relying on both topological and geometric properties can account for between-subject variability in structural network properties. Further, we test correlations between parameters of subject-optimized models and various measures of cognitive ability and find that higher cognitive ability is associated with an individual's tendency to form long-range or non-local connections.
COVID-19 and Hunger in Africa: a crisis within a crisis
Creators: name: Otekunrin, Olutosin
name: Oluwaseun A. Otekunrin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 140201 Agricultural Economics
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: 140208 Health Economics
subject: 140202 Economic Development and Growth
subject: 140219 Welfare Economics

description: In this paper, we assess Africa’s readiness towards attaining the zero hunger target by 2030 in the face of COVID-19. We found that most African countries have recorded steady reduction in their child mortality rates but high prevalence of undernourishment, stunting and child wasting coupled with the COVID-19 pandemic indicate significant challenges hampering the achievement of the zero hunger target. The study recommends that African governments should prioritise sustainable agricultural practices while serious attention should be given to the formulation and implementation of policies that reduce hunger in the face the COVID-19 pandemic.
Jets from main sequence and white dwarf companions during common envelope evolution
Creators: name: Zou, Yangyuxin
name: Chamandy, Luke
name: Carroll-Nellenback, Jonathan
name: Blackman, Eric G.
name: Frank, Adam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has long been speculated that jet feedback from accretion onto the companion during a common envelope (CE) event could affect the orbital evolution and envelope unbinding process, but this conjecture has heretofore remained largely untested. We present global 3D hydrodynamical simulations of CE evolution (CEE) that include a jet subgrid model and compare them with an otherwise identical model without a jet. Our binary consists of a $2M_\odot$ red giant branch primary and a $1M_\odot$ or $0.5M_\odot$ main sequence or white dwarf secondary companion modeled as a point particle. We run the simulations for 10 orbits (40 days). Our jet model adds mass at a constant rate $\dot{M}_\mathrm{j}$ of order the Eddington rate, with maximum velocity $v_\mathrm{j}$ of order the escape speed, to two spherical sectors with the jet axis perpendicular to the orbital plane, and supplies kinetic energy at the rate $\sim\dot{M}_\mathrm{j} v_\mathrm{j}^2/40$. We explore the influence of the jet on orbital evolution, envelope morphology and envelope unbinding, and assess the dependence of the results on jet mass-loss rate, launch speed, companion mass, opening angle, and whether or not subgrid accretion is turned on. In line with our theoretical estimates, we find that in all cases the jet becomes choked around the time of first periastron passage. We also find that jets lead to increases in unbound mass of up to $\sim10\%$, as compared to simulations which do not include a jet.
description: 16 pages, 8 figures
(102172) Howell Walter Kirkhouse
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
How to support Early Career Astronomers: an ECA perspective
Creators: name: Van den Eijnden, Jakob
name: Broekgaarden, Floor S.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: Diversity, inclusion, equity and a supportive environment are particularly important for Early Career Astronomers (ECAs) to connect and learn navigating the academic system in permanent evolution (e.g., responding to pandemic, climate change and diversity crises). Securing the next job, building a mentoring network, finding support at work while ultimately developing a sustainable behavior is important, yet challenging, and such issues must be addressed simultaneously internationally and at the level of individual institutions. Over the past years I've been actively involved in several (international) initiatives for early-career astronomers, including creating an informal "early career astronomers" facebook discussion group, the "early career astronomers & their supporters" session at EAS 2021 (and 2022), and several resource documents on applying to PhDs. In this talk I will draw on my experiences from these initiatives and share 10 take away points for "how to support early career astronomers", for both early career astronomers and their supporters.
(102171) Robert Rice Stuart Kirkhouse
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Differential Privacy and Fairness in Decisions and Learning Tasks: A Survey
Creators: name: Fioretto, Ferdinando
name: Tran, Cuong
name: Van Hentenryck, Pascal
name: Zhu, Keyu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper surveys recent work in the intersection of differential privacy (DP) and fairness. It reviews the conditions under which privacy and fairness may have aligned or contrasting goals, analyzes how and why DP may exacerbate bias and unfairness in decision problems and learning tasks, and describes available mitigation measures for the fairness issues arising in DP systems. The survey provides a unified understanding of the main challenges and potential risks arising when deploying privacy-preserving machine-learning or decisions-making tasks under a fairness lens.
description: Added research funding support and conference venue
(102170) Gwladys Caroline Kirkhouse
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Study of visible-light emission in pure and methane-doped liquid argon
Creators: name: Bondar, A.
name: Borisova, E.
name: Buzulutskov, A.
name: Frolov, E.
name: Nosov, V.
name: Oleynikov, V.
name: Sokolov, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In liquid argon TPCs for dark matter search and neutrino detection experiments, primary scintillation light is used as a prompt signal of particle scattering, being intensively produced in the vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) due to excimer emission mechanism. On the other hand, there were indications on the production of visible-light emission in liquid argon, albeit at a much lower intensity, the origin of which is still not clear. The closely related issue is visible-light emission in liquid argon doped with methane, the interest in which is due to the possible use in neutron veto detectors for those experiments. In this work we study in detail the properties of such light emission in pure liquid argon and its mixtures with methane. In particular, the absolute photon yield of visible-light emission in pure liquid argon was measured to be about 200 and 90 photon/MeV for X-rays and alpha particles respectively. In liquid argon doped with methane the photon yield dropped down significantly, by about an order of magnitude at a methane molar content varying from 0.01 to 1%, and then almost did not change when further increasing the methane content up to 10%.
description: 22 pages, 15 figures, 3 tables
(102169) Herbert James Kirkhouse
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
(102168) Henry Price Kirkhouse
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Convective mesoscale turbulence at very low Prandtl numbers
Creators: name: Pandey, Ambrish
name: Krasnov, Dmitry
name: Sreenivasan, Katepalli R.
name: Schumacher, Jörg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Horizontally extended turbulent convection, termed mesoscale convection in natural systems, remains a challenge to investigate in both experiments and simulations. This is particularly so for very low molecular Prandtl numbers as in stellar convection and in Earth's outer core. The present study reports three-dimensional direct numerical simulations of turbulent Rayleigh-Bénard convection in square boxes of side length $L$ and height $H$ with the aspect ratio $Γ=L/H$ of 25, for Prandtl numbers that span almost 4 orders of magnitude, $10^{-3}\le Pr \le 7$, and Rayleigh numbers $10^5 \le Ra \le 10^7$, obtained by massively parallel computations on grids of up to $5.36\times 10^{11}$ points. The low end of this $Pr$-range cannot be accessed in controlled laboratory measurements. We report the essential properties of the flow and their trends with Rayleigh and Prandtl numbers, in particular the global transport of momentum and heat -- the latter decomposed into convective and diffusive contributions -- across the convection layer, mean vertical profiles of the temperature and temperature fluctuations, and the kinetic energy and thermal dissipation rates. We also explore the degree to which the turbulence in the bulk of the convection layer resembles classical homogeneous and isotropic turbulence in terms of spectra, increment moments, and dissipative anomaly, and find close similarities. Finally, we show that a characteristic scale on the order of the mesoscale seems to saturate to a wavelength of $λ\gtrsim 3H$ for $Pr\lesssim 0.005$. We briefly discuss possible implications of these results for the development of subgrid scale parameterization of turbulent convection.
description: 27 pages, 14 figures, 4 tables
Grasping the Intentions of Others: The Perceived Intentionality of an Action Influences Activity in the Superior Temporal Sulcus during Social Perception
Creators: name: McCarthy, Gregory
name: Morris, James
name: Pelphrey, Kevin
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2004

description: An explication of the neural substrates for social perception is an important component in the emerging field of social cognitive neuroscience and is relevant to the field of cognitive neuroscience as a whole. Prior studies from our laboratory have demonstrated that passive viewing of biological motion (Pelphrey, Mitchell, et al., 2003; Puce et al., 1998) activates the posterior superior temporal sulcus (STS ) region. Furthermore, recent evidence has shown that the perceived context of observed gaze shifts (Pelphrey, Singerman, et al., 2003; Pelphrey et al., 2004) modulates STS activity. Here, using event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging at 4 T, we investigated brain activity in response to passive viewing of goal- and nongoal-directed reaching-to-grasp movements. Participants viewed an animated character making reaching-to-grasp movements either toward (correct) or away (incorrect) from a blinking dial. Both conditions evoked significant posterior STS activity that was strongly right lateralized. By examining the time course of the blood oxygenation level-dependent response from areas of activation, we observed a functional dissociation. Incorrect trials evoked significantly greater activity in the STS than did correct trials, while an area posterior and inferior to the STS (likely corresponding to the MT/ V5 complex) responded equally to correct and incorrect movements. Parietal cortical regions, including the superior parietal lobule and the anterior intraparietal sulcus, also responded equally to correct and incorrect movements, but showed evidence for differential responding based on the hand and arm (left or right) of the animated character used to make the reaching-to-grasp movement. The results of this study further suggest that a region of the right posterior STS is involved in analyzing the intentions of other people's actions and that activity in this region is sensitive to the context of observed biological motions.
GCM-Motivated Multidimensional Temperature Parametrization Scheme for Phasecurve Retrieval
Creators: name: Dobbs-Dixon, Ian
name: Blecic, Jasmina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a novel physically motivated, parametrized temperature model for phase-curve retrieval, able to self-consistently assess the variation in thermal structure in multidimensions. To develop this approach, we drew motivation from both full three-dimensional general circulation models and analytic formulations, accounting for the dominant dynamical feature of tidally locked planets, the planetary jet. Our formulation shows notable flexibility. It can generate planetary jets of various characteristics and redistribution efficiencies seen in the literature, including both standard eastward and unusual westward offset hotspots, as well as more exotic configurations for potential future observations. In our modeling scheme we utilize a tractable set of parameters efficient enough to enable future Bayesian analysis and, in addition to the resolved temperature structure, we return physical insights not yet derived from retrievals: the amplitude and the phase offset, and the location and the extent of the equatorial jet.
description: 10 pages, 12 figures
(102165) Caroline Penn
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
(102164) David Charles Simpson
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
A Study of Military Recruitment Strategies for Dentists: Possible Implications for Academia
Creators: name: Tulloch, J. F. Camilla
name: Roberts, Michael W.
name: Hsu, Ronald H.
name: Trotman, Carroll-Ann
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: Results of the annual American Dental Education Association surveys of dental school seniors show approximately 10 percent of graduates enter federal government services while less than 1 percent enter dental academia. To examine this difference, this study sought the perceptions of senior dental students and junior military dental officers regarding their choice of a military career in order to determine how military recruitment strategies influenced their career decisions. Official documents explaining military recruitment efforts were requested from the military services and summarized. In-depth telephone interviews were conducted to gather perception data from the students and dental officers on successful strategies. By employing several strategies, the military was able to inform potential recruits about the benefits of being a dentist in the military. The opportunity to have the military finance a student's dental education was a successful military recruitment tool. Other enticing factors included guaranteed employment upon graduation, prestige associated with serving in the military, access to postgraduate training, minimal practice management responsibilities, and opportunities to continue learning and improve clinical skills without significant financial implications. It was concluded that dental education can use the same strategies to highlight the benefits of an academic career and offer many similar incentives that may encourage students to consider a career path in dental education.
Deconfined Quantum Criticality among Grand Unified Theories
Creators: name: You, Yi-Zhuang
name: Wang, Juven
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This article overviews the recent developments in applying the idea of deconfined quantum criticality in condensed matter physics to understand quantum phase transitions among grand unified theories in high energy physics in the 4-dimensional spacetime. In particular, dictated by a mod 2 class nonperturbative global mixed gauge-gravitational anomaly, there can be a gapless deconfined quantum critical region between Georgi-Glashow and Pati-Salam models -- not only the Standard Model occurs as a neighbor phase, but also beyond the Standard Model phenomena (such as deconfined dark gauge force and fractionalized/fragmentary fermionic partons) emerge near the critical region.
description: 9 pages. An overview on arXiv:2106.16248. An invited contribution to Professor Chen-Ning Yang Centenary 100 anniversary Festschrift
(102163) Hubert Charles Simpson
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
title: Tecnoscienza – Italian Journal of Science & Technology Studies, Vol. 5 No. 2 (2014): Tecnoscienza Nr. 10
title: Tecnoscienza Nr. 10
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Tecnoscienza – Italian Journal Of Science & Technology Studies
Publisher: name: Tecnoscienza – Italian Journal of Science & Technology Studies
Year: 2015

description: A Matter of Design: STS and Design Studies - New Materialism - Being Pirate on the Internet
description: Sarah B. Franklin, Biological Relatives: IVF, Stem Cells and the Future of Kinship, Duke University Press, 2013...113-116 Niki Vermeulen, Sakari Tamminen and Andrew Webster (eds.), Bio-objects: Life in the Twenty-first Century, Ashgate, 2012...111-113 Francisco Tirado and Daniel López (eds.), Actor-Network Theory. Beyond Science and Technology Studies, Amentia Editorial, 2012...107-110 Tom Boellstorff, Bonnie Nardi, Celia Pearce and T.L. Taylor, Ethnography and Virtual Worlds: A Handbook of Method, Princeton University Press, 2012...103-106 Peter Keating and Alberto Cambrosio, Cancer on Trial. Oncology as a New Style of Practice, The University of Chicago Press, 2012...98-103 Dominique Bourg, Pierre-Benoit Joly and Alain Kauffmann (eds.), From risk to threat. Thinking about the catastrophe, Puf, 2013...96-98 Mario Biagioli and Jessica Riskin (eds.), Nature Engaged. Science in Practice from the Renaissance to the Present, Palgrave Macmillan, 2012...94-95 Metaphors and Problematizations. Notes for a Research Programme on New Materialism...73-91 “On the Internet, We Are All Pirates, and That’s Good”: An Interview with Jean-Marc Manach...59-72 Designing for the Life Sciences: The Epistemology of Elite Life Science Real Estate...43-58 On “The Design of Everyday Life”...33-42 Our Common Future. Joining Forces for Histories of Sustainable Design...15-32 Design Worlds and Science and Technology Studies...5-14 Telstar (Wisdom) 200 (Cover’s Comment)