cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Difference between thermo- and pyroelectric Co- based RE-(= Nd, Y, Gd, Ce)-oxide composites measured by high-temperature gradient
Creators: name: Wunderlich, Wilfried
name: Fujiwara, Hiroyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Seebeck-Voltage measurements of Cobalt-based oxide-composites containing rare-earth elements (RE= Nd, Y, Gd, Ce) were performed under high temperature gradients up to 700 K. Several dependences were measured, Seebeeck voltage as a function of time U_S(t)or temperature difference U_S(Delta_T), closed circuited electric current as a function of Seebeck voltage I_S(U_S), or time I_S(t). While Nd2O3+CoO and Y2O3+CoO show linear n-type US(t)-behavior as usual thermoelectrics, Gd2O3+CoO possesses a large hysteresis. At both, Gd2O3- and Ce2O3+CoO also large time dependence I(t) referred to as pyroelectric material with high capacity were detected. Both anomalies became smaller when Fe2O3 is added or appear in Nd2O3+CoO and Y2O3+CoO when Al2O3 is added and can be explained by electron sucking into interfacial space charge regions, a new materials science challenge.
description: 5 pages, 7 figures
Four dimensional dose calculations and planning strategies for dynamic tumour tracking treatments
Creators: name: Carpentier, Emilie Elizabeth
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2024

description: The objective of this thesis was to develop four-dimensional (4D) dose calculation methods and 4D treatment planning strategies for creating and assessing real-time dynamic tumour tracking (DTT) treatment plans on the Vero4DRT (Vero) linear accelerator. Currently DTT treatments are created, optimized, and evaluated on a single breathing phase computed tomography (CT) image despite treatment occurring while the patient breathes freely. This treatment planning protocol could put organs near the target at risk of being over-dosed during other breathing phases. This thesis focuses on organ-at-risk (OAR) safety during DTT treatments and outlines treatment planning and dose calculation protocols that may reduce dose to OARs during DTT. The first aim was to model the beam’s panning/tilting geometry during DTT for dose calculations. After optimizing a plan on an end-exhale CT image following current clinical protocols, the plan was re-calculated on other breathing phases of a patient’s four-dimensional computed tomography (4DCT) data set while modelling panning/tilting within the treatment planning system (TPS). These dose distributions were accumulated onto a reference phase to create 4D dose distributions using 2 breathing phases (end-exhale and end-inhale) and 10 breathing phases from the patient’s 4DCT. Subsequently, 2- and 10-phase 4D dose calculations that model panning/tilting were performed using Monte Carlo (MC) as a secondary dose verification of the TPS’ 4D dose calculations. These 4D dose calculations indicated that some OARs below their dose limit on the original planning CT image would exceed their dose limit during a DTT treatment. Additionally, MC dose calculations had improved accuracy in the calculated dose to OARs receiving primarily beam penumbra dose. The final work for this thesis was the development of two 4D treatment planning strategies. These strategies incorporate information from other breathing phases when creating a plan to spare OARs, and the dose to OARs is confirmed with a 4D dose calculation after implementing the strategy. Both strategies spared OARs after a 4D dose calculation. The implementation of 4D dose calculations and 4D planning strategies are necessary for ensuring OARs will not exceed their dose limits during DTT treatments, and this thesis demonstrates methods that are clinically feasible and accurate.
Contact line dynamics in binary lattice Boltzmann simulations
Creators: name: Pooley, C. M.
name: Kusumaatmaja, H.
name: Yeomans, J. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that, when a single relaxation time lattice Boltzmann algorithm is used to solve the hydrodynamic equations of a binary fluid for which the two components have different viscosities, strong spurious velocities in the steady state lead to incorrect results for the equilibrium contact angle. We identify the origins of these spurious currents, and demonstrate how the results can be greatly improved by using a lattice Boltzmann method based on a multiple-relaxation-time algorithm. By considering capillary filling we describe the dependence of the advancing contact angle on the interface velocity.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
Additional file 1 of Neurofilament light chain is increased in the parahippocampal cortex and associates with pathological hallmarks in Parkinson’s disease dementia
Creators: name: Frigerio, Irene
name: Laansma, Max A.
name: Lin, Chen-Pei
name: Hermans, Emma J. M.
name: Bouwman, Maud M. A.
name: Bol, John G. J. M.
name: Galis-de Graaf, Yvon
name: Hepp, Dagmar H.
name: Rozemuller, Annemieke J. M.
name: Barkhof, Frederik
name: van de Berg, Wilma D. J.
name: Jonkman, Laura E.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: Additional file 1. Supplementary tables. Table S1. Donor characteristics. Table S2. Concatenated labels from Lausanne atlas for the regions of interest of this study. Table S3. Information on primary and secondary antibodies. Table S4. Correlations between pathological hallmarks. Table S5. Correlations of p-NfM/H immunoreactivity with pathology load in superficial (layer I-III) and deep cortical layers (layer IV-VI). Table S6. Correlations of NfL immunoreactivity with pathology load in superficial (layer I-III) and deep cortical layers (layer IV-VI). Table S7. Correlations of MRI-derived cortical thickness with neurofilaments immunoreactivity and pathology load. Table S8. Correlations of DTI-derived cortical MD with neurofilaments immunoreactivity and pathology load.
ADVANTAGES OF LEARNING ALGORITHMIC LANGUAGES AND PROGRAMMING THROUGH DISTANCE LEARNING
Creators: name: Ahtamkulov, Muhriddin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: With the rise of distance learning, aspiring programmers now have unprecedented access to a wealth of resources and expert guidance from the comfort of their own homes. This article explores the benefits of learning algorithmic languages and programming through distance learning, highlighting modern approaches that fit a variety of learning styles and lifestyles. From flexible schedules and personalized learning paths to the integration of interactive tools and collaboration platforms, we explore how these innovative methods not only enhance the learning experience, but also pave the way for future opportunities in the world of technology.
Accelerating Physical design Algorithms using CUDA
Creators: name: Agarwal, Abhinav
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 400801
subject: Circuits and systems
classificationCode: 400802
subject: Electrical circuits and systems

description: The intricate domain of chip design encompasses the creation of intricate blueprints for integrated circuits (ICs). Algorithms, pivotal in this realm, assume the role of optimizing IC performance and functionality. This thesis delves into the utilization of algorithms within chip design, spotlighting their potential to amplify design process efficiency and efficacy. Notably, this study undertakes a comprehensive comparison of algorithmic performances on both Central Processing Units (CPUs) and Graphics Processing Units (GPUs). A cornerstone application of algorithms in chip design lies in logic synthesis, which transmutes a high-level circuit description into a silicon-compatible, low-level representation. By minimizing gate requisites, curtailing power consumption, and bolstering performance, algorithms serve as architects of optimized logic synthesis. Furthermore, the arena of physical design harnesses algorithms to translate logical designs into physically realizable layouts on silicon wafers. This involves meticulous considerations like routing congestion and power efficiency. Furthermore, this thesis adopts a thorough approach by extensively exploring the implementation intricacies of two pivotal physical design algorithms. The Kernighan-Lin Partitioning Algorithm is prominently featured for optimizing Placement and Partitioning, while Lee’s Algorithm provides valuable insights for enhancing Routing. Through a meticulous comparison of dataset efficiency and run-time across both hardware platforms, noteworthy insights have emerged. In KL Algorithm, datasets categorized as small (with sizes < 105), the CPU demonstrates a 1.2X faster processing speed compared to the GPU. However, as dataset sizes surpass this threshold, a distinct trend emerges: while GPU run times remain relatively consistent, CPU run times undergo a threefold increase at select points. In the case of Lee’s Algorithm, the CPU demonstrated superior execution time despite having fewer cores and threads than the GPU. This can be attributed to the inherently sequential nature of Lee’s Algorithm, where each element depends on the preceding one, aligning with the CPU's strength in handling sequential tasks. This thesis embarks on a comprehensive analytical journey, delving into the nuanced interplay between these contrasting aspects.
Exotic nuclei with open heavy flavor mesons
Creators: name: Yasui, Shigehiro
name: Sudoh, Kazutaka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose stable exotic nuclei bound with $\bar{D}$ and $B$ mesons with respecting heavy quark symmetry. We indicate that an approximate degeneracy of $\bar{D}$($B$) and $\bar{D}^{*}$($B^{*}$) mesons plays an important role, and discuss the stability of $\bar{D}N$ and $BN$ bound states. We find the binding energies 1.4 MeV and 9.4 MeV for each state in the $J^{P}=1/2^{-}$ with I=0 channel. We discuss also possible existence of exotic nuclei $\bar{D}NN$ and $BNN$.
Interactive and Incremental Learning of Spatial Object Relations from Human Demonstrations
Creators: name: Kartmann, Rainer
name: Asfour, Tamim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Humans use semantic concepts such as spatial relations between objects to describe scenes and communicate tasks such as "Put the tea to the right of the cup" or "Move the plate between the fork and the spoon." Just as children, assistive robots must be able to learn the sub-symbolic meaning of such concepts from human demonstrations and instructions. We address the problem of incrementally learning geometric models of spatial relations from few demonstrations collected online during interaction with a human. Such models enable a robot to manipulate objects in order to fulfill desired spatial relations specified by verbal instructions. At the start, we assume the robot has no geometric model of spatial relations. Given a task as above, the robot requests the user to demonstrate the task once in order to create a model from a single demonstration, leveraging cylindrical probability distribution as generative representation of spatial relations. We show how this model can be updated incrementally with each new demonstration without access to past examples in a sample-efficient way using incremental maximum likelihood estimation, and demonstrate the approach on a real humanoid robot.
description: Accepted for publication in Frontiers in Robotics and AI, Sec. Robot Learning and Evolution
Quantitative Safety: Linking Proof-Based Verification with Model Checking for Probabilistic Systems
Creators: name: Ndukwu, Ukachukwu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper presents a novel approach for augmenting proof-based verification with performance-style analysis of the kind employed in state-of-the-art model checking tools for probabilistic systems. Quantitative safety properties usually specified as probabilistic system invariants and modeled in proof-based environments are evaluated using bounded model checking techniques. Our specific contributions include the statement of a theorem that is central to model checking safety properties of proof-based systems, the establishment of a procedure; and its full implementation in a prototype system (YAGA) which readily transforms a probabilistic model specified in a proof-based environment to its equivalent verifiable PRISM model equipped with reward structures. The reward structures capture the exact interpretation of the probabilistic invariants and can reveal succinct information about the model during experimental investigations. Finally, we demonstrate the novelty of the technique on a probabilistic library case study.
Comet 17P/Holmes in Outburst: The Near Infrared Spectrum
Creators: name: Yang, Bin
name: Jewitt, David
name: Bus, Schelte J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Jupiter family comet 17P/Holmes underwent a remarkable outburst on UT 2007 Oct. 24, in which the integrated brightness abruptly increased by about a factor of a million.We obtained near infrared (0.8 - 4.2 micron) spectra of 17P/Holmes on UT 2007 Oct. 27, 28 and 31, using the 3.0-m NASA Infrared Telescope Facility (IRTF) atop Mauna Kea. Two broad absorption bands were found in the reflectance spectra with centers (at 2 micron and 3 micron, respectively) and overall shapes consistent with the presence of water ice grains in the coma. Synthetic mixing models of these bands suggest an origin in cold ice grains of micron size. Curiously, though, the expected 1.5 micron band of water ice was not detected in our data, an observation for which we have no explanation. Simultaneously, excess thermal emission in the spectra at wavelengths beyond 3.2 micron has a color temperature of 360 +/- 40 K (corresponding to a superheat factor of ~ 2.0 +/- 0.2 at 2.45 AU). This is too hot for these grains to be icy. The detection of both water ice spectral features and short-wavelength thermal emission suggests that the coma of 17P/Holmes has two components (hot, refractory dust and cold ice grains) which are not in thermal contact. A similarity to grains ejected into the coma of 9P/Tempel 1 by the Deep Impact spacecraft is noted.
description: 27 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication in AJ
Walking the Walk of AI Ethics: Organizational Challenges and the Individualization of Risk among Ethics Entrepreneurs
Creators: name: Ali, Sanna J.
name: Christin, Angèle
name: Smart, Andrew
name: Katila, Riitta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: K.7.1; K.7.2; K.7.4; K.4.1; K.5.2

description: Amidst decline in public trust in technology, computing ethics have taken center stage, and critics have raised questions about corporate ethics washing. Yet few studies examine the actual implementation of AI ethics values in technology companies. Based on a qualitative analysis of technology workers tasked with integrating AI ethics into product development, we find that workers experience an environment where policies, practices, and outcomes are decoupled. We analyze AI ethics workers as ethics entrepreneurs who work to institutionalize new ethics-related practices within organizations. We show that ethics entrepreneurs face three major barriers to their work. First, they struggle to have ethics prioritized in an environment centered around software product launches. Second, ethics are difficult to quantify in a context where company goals are incentivized by metrics. Third, the frequent reorganization of teams makes it difficult to access knowledge and maintain relationships central to their work. Consequently, individuals take on great personal risk when raising ethics issues, especially when they come from marginalized backgrounds. These findings shed light on complex dynamics of institutional change at technology companies.
description: 10 pages, to be published in ACM FAccT '23
Counterexamples to the Local Solvability of Monge-Ampere Equations in the Plane
Creators: name: Khuri, Marcus A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we present smooth examples of degenerate hyperbolic and mixed type Monge-Ampere equations in the plane, which do not admit a local C^3 solution.
Ultra-low lattice thermal conductivity in tungsten-based scheelite ceramics
Creators: name: Laasri, Hicham Ait
name: Bsaibess, Eliane
name: Delorme, Fabian
name: Nataf, Guillaume F.
name: Giovannelli, Fabien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: $BaWO_{4}$, $Ce_{2/3}\square_{1/3}WO_{4}$ and $La_{2/3}\square_{1/3}WO_{4}$ polycrystalline ceramics were synthesized by conventional solid-state reaction route. The effect of cation-deficiency on the crystallographic structure, microstructure and thermal properties of these scheelite-type compounds were investigated. X-ray diffraction was used to identify the single-phase scheelite structure of the studied ceramics. Scanning Electron Microscopy technique has revealed a homogenous and dense microstructure with a few micro-cracks. The thermal conductivity of $BaWO_{4}$ scheelite decreases from $1.3\pm0.2$ to $1.0\pm0.1 W m^{-1} K^{-1}$ in the range 373 K - 673 K. The cation-deficient scheelites $Ce_{2/3}\square_{1/3}WO_{4}$ and $La_{2/3}\square_{1/3}WO_{4}$ ceramics display an ultra-low thermal conductivity of $0.3\pm0.04 W m^{-1} K^{-1}$ and $0.2\pm0.03 W m^{-1} K^{-1}$ at 673 K, respectively. These materials exhibit among the lowest known values of thermal conductivity in crystalline oxides, in this temperature range. Therefore, they appear as very attractive for thermal barrier coating and thermoelectric applications.
description: 18 pages, 4 figures
Dissecting molecular mechanisms of internal and external aggregate management systems required for neuronal proteostasis balance
Creators: name: Arnold, Meghan Lee
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2023

description: Protein aggregates promote neuronal degeneration across species. Toxic protein aggregates increase in both age and disease is linked to age-associated functional decline and neurodegeneration. Cells, particularly neurons, invest considerable cellular resources to maintain protein homeostasis by promoting protein degradation via the proteasome and the autophagy-lysosome system. When internal proteostasis is not accomplished via these pathways, disease is promoted. Moreover, it has been recently appreciated that misfolded disease proteins and whole-organelles can move into neighboring cells via largely unknown mechanisms; it is thought that such transfer might promote aggregate-seeding and pathological spread as seen in neurodegenerative diseases. Understanding how toxic and dysfunctional components are normally handled by neurons and their neighbors, including how aggregates can travel into other cellular tissues, are key medical issues. In this thesis I present insights into the management of neuronal aggregates at both intra and inter-cellular levels. I uncover novel mechanisms, such as aggregate handling and storage via the previously undescribed C. elegans intermediate filament-laden-aggresome and propose evidence for microautophagy-like filling of proteostressed-formed LMP-1-bound endolysosome-like organelles. Additionally, I dissect external aggregate and organelle management strategies, including mechanisms of aggregate extrusion via the exopher for uptake and digestion by the glial-like hypodermis. My findings introduce mechanistic details on newly identified cellular processes, advancing our understanding of aggregate-related neurodegenerative disorders.
The quadrupole moment of slowly rotating fluid balls
Creators: name: Bradley, Michael
name: Fodor, Gyula
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we use the second order formalism of Hartle to study slowly and rigidly rotating stars with focus on the quadrupole moment of the object. The second order field equations for the interior fluid are solved numerically for different classes of possible equations of state and these solutions are then matched to a vacuum solution that includes the general asymptotically flat axisymmetric metric to second order, using the Darmois-Israel procedure. For these solutions we find that the quadrupole moment differs from that of the Kerr metric, as has also been found for some equations of state in other studies. Further we consider the post-Minkowskian limit analytically. In the paper we also illustrate how the relativistic multipole moments can be calculated from a complex gravitational potential.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures
Strange effect of disorder on electron transport through a thin film
Creators: name: Maiti, Santanu K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A novel feature of electron transport is explored through a thin film of varying impurity density with the distance from its surface. The film, attached to two metallic electrodes, is described by simple tight-binding model and its coupling to the electrodes is treated through Newns-Anderson chemisorption theory. Quite interestingly it is observed that, in the strong disorder regime the amplitude of the current passing through the film increases with the increase of the disorder strength, while it decreases in the weak disorder regime. This anomalous behavior is completely opposite to that of conventional disordered systems. Our results also predict that the electron transport is significantly influenced by the finite size of the thin film.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures
Modelling Clock Synchronization in the Chess gMAC WSN Protocol
Creators: name: Schuts, Mathijs
name: Zhu, Feng
name: Heidarian, Faranak
name: Vaandrager, Frits
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Formal Languages and Automata Theory (cs.FL)
subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present a detailled timed automata model of the clock synchronization algorithm that is currently being used in a wireless sensor network (WSN) that has been developed by the Dutch company Chess. Using the Uppaal model checker, we establish that in certain cases a static, fully synchronized network may eventually become unsynchronized if the current algorithm is used, even in a setting with infinitesimal clock drifts.
The Lifshitz–Slyozov–Wagner equation for reaction-controlled kinetics
Creators: name: Damialis, Apostolos
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: 510 Mathematik

description: This publication is with permission of the rights owner freely accessible due to an Alliance licence and a national licence (funded by the DFG, German Research Foundation) respectively.
description: We rigorously derive a weak form of the Lifshitz–Slyozov–Wagner equation as the homogenization limit of a Stefan-type problem describing reaction-controlled coarsening of a large number of small spherical particles. Moreover, we deduce that the effective mean-field description holds true in the particular limit of vanishing surface-area density of particles.
Revisiting Proprioceptive Sensing for Articulated Object Manipulation
Creators: name: Lips, Thomas
name: wyffels, Francis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Robots that assist humans will need to interact with articulated objects such as cabinets or microwaves. Early work on creating systems for doing so used proprioceptive sensing to estimate joint mechanisms during contact. However, nowadays, almost all systems use only vision and no longer consider proprioceptive information during contact. We believe that proprioceptive information during contact is a valuable source of information and did not find clear motivation for not using it in the literature. Therefore, in this paper, we create a system that, starting from a given grasp, uses proprioceptive sensing to open cabinets with a position-controlled robot and a parallel gripper. We perform a qualitative evaluation of this system, where we find that slip between the gripper and handle limits the performance. Nonetheless, we find that the system already performs quite well. This poses the question: should we make more use of proprioceptive information during contact in articulated object manipulation systems, or is it not worth the added complexity, and can we manage with vision alone? We do not have an answer to this question, but we hope to spark some discussion on the matter. The codebase and videos of the system are available at https://tlpss.github.io/revisiting-proprioception-for-articulated-manipulation/.
Semi-inclusive Deep Inelastic Scattering at small x
Creators: name: Marquet, Cyrille
name: Xiao, Bo-Wen
name: Yuan, Feng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the semi-inclusive hadron production in deep inelastic scattering at small $x$. A transverse momentum dependent factorization is found consistent with the results calculated in the small-$x$ approaches, such as the color-dipole framework and the color glass condensate, in the appropriate kinematic region at the lowest order. The transverse momentum dependent quark distribution can be studied in this process as a probe for the small-$x$ saturation physics. Especially, the ratio of quark distributions as a function of transverse momentum at different $x$ demonstrates strong dependence on the saturation scale. The $Q^2$ dependence of the same ratio is also studied by applying the Collins-Soper-Sterman resummation method.
description: 12 pages, 3 figures. v2: comments added, figures modified
Parametrizations of sub-attractors in hyperbolic balance laws
Creators: name: Ehrt, Julia
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: 510 Mathematik

description: This publication is with permission of the rights owner freely accessible due to an Alliance licence and a national licence (funded by the DFG, German Research Foundation) respectively.
description: We investigate the properties of the global attractor of hyperbolic balance laws on the circle, given by ut + f(u)x = g(u). The new tool of sub-attractors is introduced. They contain all solutions on the global attractor up to a given number of zeros. The paper proves finite dimensionality of all sub-attractors, provides a full parametrization of all sub-attractors and derives a system of ordinary differential equations for the embedding parameters that describe the full partial differential equation dynamics on the sub-attractor.
Additional file 2 of Neurofilament light chain is increased in the parahippocampal cortex and associates with pathological hallmarks in Parkinson’s disease dementia
Creators: name: Frigerio, Irene
name: Laansma, Max A.
name: Lin, Chen-Pei
name: Hermans, Emma J. M.
name: Bouwman, Maud M. A.
name: Bol, John G. J. M.
name: Galis-de Graaf, Yvon
name: Hepp, Dagmar H.
name: Rozemuller, Annemieke J. M.
name: Barkhof, Frederik
name: van de Berg, Wilma D. J.
name: Jonkman, Laura E.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: Additional file 2. Supplementary figures. Fig. S1. Segmentation of entorhinal cortex, parahippocampal and fusiform gyrus in hippocampal section. Fig. S2. Quantification of pathology load using QuPath algorithms. Fig. S3. Photographs of representative sections of controls, PD and PDD/DLB donors stained for NfL and p-NfM/H. Fig. S4. Cortical pathology load in controls, PD and PDD/DLB donors. Fig. S5. Differences in cortical neurofilaments immunoreactivity in sex, and neurofilaments association with age. Fig. S6. Cortical neurofilaments immunoreactivity in superficial (layer I-III) and deep cortical layers (layer IV-VI). Fig. S7. Cortical neurofilaments correlation in superficial (layer I-III) and deep cortical layers (layer IV-VI). Fig. S8. Neurofilaments immunoreactivity in the parahippocampal gyrus correlates with pathological staging. Fig. S9. Cortical thickness and MD do not differ between controls, PD and PDD/DLB donors. Fig. S10. Cortical MD, but not cortical thickness, correlates with pSer129-αSyn and p-tau pathology.
WGC as WCCC protector: The Synergistic Effects of various Parameters in Identifying WGC candidate Models
Creators: name: Afshar, Mohammad Ali S.
name: Sadeghi, Jafar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The integration of non-commutative geometry and Gauss-Bonnet corrections in an action and the study of their black hole responses can provide highly intriguing insights. Our primary motivation for this study is to understand the interplay of these two parameters on the geodesics of spacetime, including photon spheres and time-like orbits. In this study, we found that this integration, in its initial form, can limit the value of the Gauss-Bonnet parameter ($α$), creating a critical threshold beyond which changes in the non-commutative parameter ($Ξ$) become ineffective, and the structure can only manifest as a naked singularity. Furthermore, we found that using a more complex model, which includes additional factors such as a cloud of strings and linear charge, as a sample for studying spacetime geodesics, yield different and varied results. In this scenario, negative $α$ values can also play a role, notably preserving the black hole form even with a super-extremal charge ($q > m$). For $α> 0.1$, the black hole mass parameter becomes significantly influential, with a critical mass below which the impact of other parameter changes is nullified. Interestingly, considering a more massive black hole, this high-mass state also maintains its black hole form within the super-extremal charge range. The existence of these two models led us to our main goal. By examining the temperature for these two cases, we find that both situations are suitable for studying the WGC. Finally, based on the behavior of these two models, we will explain how the WGC acts as a logical solution and a protector for the WCCC.
description: 22 pages, 14 figures, Increasing the quality of writing, fixing typos, and updating references
Multiple scattering of waves by a pair of gravitationally stratified flux tubes
Creators: name: Hanasoge, Shravan M.
name: Cally, Paul S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the near-field coupling of a pair of flux tubes embedded in a gravitationally stratified environment. The mutual induction of the near-field {\it jackets} of the two flux tubes can considerably alter the scattering properties of the system, resulting in sizable changes in the magnitudes of scattering coefficients and bizarre trends in the phases. The dominant length scale governing the induction zone turns out to be approximately half the horizontal wave length of the incident mode, a result that fits in quite pleasantly with extant theories of scattering. Higher-$β$ flux tubes are more strongly coupled than weaker ones, a consequence of the greater role that the near-field jacket modes play in the such tubes. We also comment on the importance of incorporating the effects of multiple scattering when studying the effects of mode absorption in plage and interpreting related scattering measurements. That the near-field plays such an important role in the scattering process lends encouragement to the eventual goal of observationally resolving sub-wavelength features of flux tubes using techniques of helioseismology.
description: ApJ, submitted, 15 pages 7 figures
Nanocrystalline and stacking-disordered β-cristobalite AlPO4: the now deciphered main constituent of a municipal sewage sludge ash from a full-scale incineration facility
Creators: name: Peplinski, B.
name: Adam, C.
name: Adamczyk, B.
name: Müller, R.
name: Michaelis, M.
name: Krahl, Thoralf
name: Emmerling, Franziska
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: 620 Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten

description: This publication is with permission of the rights owner freely accessible due to an Alliance licence and a national licence (funded by the DFG, German Research Foundation) respectively.
description: For the first time evidence is provided that a nanocrystalline and stacking-disordered, chemically stabilized β-cristobalite form of AlPO4 occurs in a sewage sludge ash (SSA). This proof is based on a combined X-ray powder diffraction and X-ray fluorescence investigation of an SSA produced at a large-scale fluidized bed incineration facility serving a catching area with a population of 2 million. The structural and chemical characterization was carried out on ‘as received’ SSA samples as well as on solid residues remaining after leaching this SSA in sodium hydroxide solution. Thus, it was ascertained that the observed nanocrystalline and stacking-disordered cristobalite-like component belongs to the aluminum phosphate component of this SSA, rather than to its silicon dioxide component. In addition, a direct proof is presented that the chemically stabilized β-cristobalite form of AlPO4 does crystallize from X-ray amorphous precursors under conditions that mimic the huge heating rate and short retention time (just seconds at T ≈ 850°C), typical for fluidized bed incinerators.
On nonlocal Dirichlet problems with oscillating term
Creators: name: Gabrovšek, Boštjan
name: Bisci, Giovanni Molica
name: Repovš, Dušan D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary: 47J30, 35R11, Secondary: 35S15, 35A15

description: In this paper, a class of nonlocal fractional Dirichlet problems is studied. By using a variational principle due to Ricceri (whose original version was given in J. Comput. Appl. Math. 113 (2000), 401-410), the existence of infinitely many weak solutions for these problems is established by requiring that the nonlinear term $f$ has a suitable oscillating behaviour either at the origin or at infinity.
Strong, Weak and Branching Bisimulation for Transition Systems and Markov Reward Chains: A Unifying Matrix Approach
Creators: name: Trčka, Nikola
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Performance (cs.PF)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: D.3.1; D.2.1; D.2.4; F.3.1

description: We first study labeled transition systems with explicit successful termination. We establish the notions of strong, weak, and branching bisimulation in terms of boolean matrix theory, introducing thus a novel and powerful algebraic apparatus. Next we consider Markov reward chains which are standardly presented in real matrix theory. By interpreting the obtained matrix conditions for bisimulations in this setting, we automatically obtain the definitions of strong, weak, and branching bisimulation for Markov reward chains. The obtained strong and weak bisimulations are shown to coincide with some existing notions, while the obtained branching bisimulation is new, but its usefulness is questionable.
The Cedar Project : an exploration of Indigenous survivance, connection, and vaccine uptake amid concurrent public health emergencies experienced by urban Indigenous People who use drugs in British Columbia
Creators: name: Cassidy-Matthews, Chenoa
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2024

description: Background: Urban Indigenous Peoples who use drugs (IPWUD) were more likely to face multiple harms from COVID-19 pandemic restrictions in British Columbia. Canada’s history of racist medical experimentation resulted in a rational skepticism of health interventions for many Indigenous Peoples. This study focuses on the experiences of IPWUD during COVID-19 to inform public health practices and improve vaccine acceptance and uptake. Methods: Mixed methods were used to understand IPWUD experiences during COVID-19, including vaccine acceptance and uptake as part of the Cedar Project COVID-19 Study. Data were gathered using in-depth qualitative interviews and a questionnaire administered at two distinct time points. Emerging themes informed the direction of quantitative analysis of survey data, where we explored correlates of vaccine uptake, and integrated qualitative data to understand vaccine acceptability. Results: Data were collected between February 2021-December 2022. N=212 participants were enrolled at baseline, and N=127 completed the end of study questionnaire. Nineteen semi-structured interviews were conducted in Vancouver (n=9) and Prince George (n=10). Four themes were identified from qualitative interviews that describe the enduring impacts of colonialism on stress; cycles of isolation and crisis; fear and trauma-driven distrust; and resilience and connection. Perceived vaccine effectiveness (aOR=5.30 95% CI = 1.34, 20.93), historic trauma (aOR = 5.25 95% CI = 1.27, 21.76), age (aOR = 1.10 95% CI = 1.02, 1.19), and being a woman (aOR = 0.26 95%CI = 0.07, 0.94) were significantly associated with vaccination. Women engaged in sex work during COVID-19 were significantly less likely to get vaccinated (aOR = 0.14 95% CI = 0.02, 0.91). Medical distrust, misinformation, and past experiences challenged vaccine acceptance. Many participants experienced barriers to vaccination and challenges accessing services, and those who were unsure about getting vaccinated had the lowest vaccination rate by the end of study. Conclusion: This study connects and contextualizes experiences during the pandemic, and perceptions and uptake of the COVID-19 vaccine, through the significant roles of age, gender, vaccine perceptions, historic trauma, stability and basic hygiene, and sex work. Institutions should consider cultural and historical contexts surrounding vaccine uptake, emphasize relationship building, and prioritize Indigenous women in public health practices.
CDDO-HS:Child Drawing Development Optimization Harmony Search Algorithm
Creators: name: Ameen, Azad A.
name: Rashid, Tarik A.
name: Askar, Shavan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Child drawing development optimization (CDDO) is a recent example of a metaheuristic algorithm. The motive for inventing this method is children's learning behavior and cognitive development, with the golden ratio employed to optimize their artwork's aesthetic value. Unfortunately, CDDO suffers from low performance in the exploration phase, and the local best solution stagnates. Harmony search (HS) is a highly competitive algorithm relative to other prevalent metaheuristic algorithms, as its exploration phase performance on unimodal benchmark functions is outstanding. Thus, to avoid these issues, we present CDDOHS, a hybridization of both standards of CDDO and HS. The hybridized model proposed consists of two phases. Initially, the pattern size (PS) is relocated to the algorithm's core and the initial pattern size is set to 80 % of the total population size. Second, the standard harmony search (HS) is added to the pattern size (PS) for the exploration phase to enhance and update the solution after each iteration. Experiments are evaluated using two distinct standard benchmark functions, known as classical test functions, including 23 common functions and 10 CEC-C06 2019 functions. Additionally, the suggested CDDOHS is compared to CDDO, HS, and six other widely used algorithms. Using the Wilcoxon ranksum test, the results indicate that CDDOHS beats alternative algorithms.
description: 21 pages
Local Solvability of a Class of Degenerate Monge-Ampere Equations and Applications to Geometry
Creators: name: Khuri, Marcus A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider two natural problems arising in geometry which are equivalent to the local solvability of specific equations of Monge-Ampere type. These are: the problem of locally prescribed Gaussian curvature for surfaces in R^3, and the local isometric embedding problem for two-dimensional Riemannian manifolds. We prove a general local existence result for a large class of Monge-Ampere equations in the plane, and obtain as corollaries the existence of regular solutions to both problems, in the case that the Gaussian curvature possesses a nondegenerate critical point.
Additional file 1 of m6A RNA methylation regulator-based signature for prognostic prediction and its potential immunological role in uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma
Creators: name: Fang, Fang
name: Wang, Peipei
name: Huang, Haoyu
name: Ye, Mingquan
name: Liu, Xiaocen
name: Li, Qingqing
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Fig. 1 m6A gene expression between UCEC patients with or without mutations in m6A regulators. *, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01.
Holographic Geometry and Noise in Matrix Theory
Creators: name: Hogan, Craig J.
name: Jackson, Mark G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using Matrix Theory as a concrete example of a fundamental holographic theory, we show that the emergent macroscopic spacetime displays a new macroscopic quantum structure, holographic geometry, and a new observable phenomenon, holographic noise, with phenomenology similar to that previously derived on the basis of a quasi-monochromatic wave theory. Traces of matrix operators on a light sheet with a compact dimension of size $R$ are interpreted as transverse position operators for macroscopic bodies. An effective quantum wave equation for spacetime is derived from the Matrix Hamiltonian. Its solutions display eigenmodes that connect longitudinal separation and transverse position operators on macroscopic scales. Measurements of transverse relative positions of macroscopically separated bodies, such as signals in Michelson interferometers, are shown to display holographic nonlocality, indeterminacy and noise, whose properties can be predicted with no parameters except $R$. Similar results are derived using a detailed scattering calculation of the matrix wavefunction. Current experimental technology will allow a definitive and precise test or validation of this interpretation of holographic fundamental theories. In the latter case, they will yield a direct measurement of $R$ independent of the gravitational definition of the Planck length, and a direct measurement of the total number of degrees of freedom.
description: 19 pages, 2 figures; v2: factors of Planck mass written explicitly, typos corrected
Randomness-free Detection of Non-projective Measurements: Qubits & beyond
Creators: name: Rout, Sumit
name: Bhattacharya, Some Sankar
name: Horodecki, Paweł
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Non-projective measurements play a crucial role in various information-processing protocols. In this work, we propose an operational task to identify measurements that are neither projective nor classical post-processing of data obtained from projective measurements. Our setup involves space-like separated parties with access to a shared state with bounded local dimensions. Specifically, in the case of qubits, we focus on a bipartite scenario with different sets of target correlations. While some of these correlations can be obtained through non-projective measurements on a shared two-qubit state, it is impossible to generate these correlations using {\it projective simulable} measurements on bipartite qubit states, or equivalently, by using one bit of shared randomness and local post-processing. For certain target correlations, we show that detecting qubit non-projective measurements is robust under {\it arbitrary} depolarising noise, except in the limiting case. We extend this task for qutrits and demonstrate that some correlations achievable via local non-projective measurements cannot be reproduced by both parties performing the same qutrit {\it projective simulable} measurements on their pre-shared state. We provide numerical evidence for the robustness of this scheme under {\it arbitrary} depolarising noise. For a more generic consideration (bipartite and tripartite scenario), we provide numerical evidence for a projective-simulable bound on the reward function for our task. We also show a violation of this bound by using qutrit POVMs. From a foundational perspective, we extend the notion of non-projective measurements to general probabilistic theories (GPTs) and use a randomness-free test to demonstrate that a class of GPTs, called {\it square-bits or box-world} are unphysical.
description: Close to Published Version. 40 pages, Single Column, 4 figures
A Data Management Plan test case: the H2020 funded project MASTRO
Creators: name: Gondikas, Andreas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: data management
MASTRO project
EU H2020

description: Overview of data management plan in a research intensive and industry-oriented project that is driven by a large proportion of industrial partners (10 out of 16). The EU H2020 funded project MASTRO aims to develop new nano-enabled materials for the transportation sector.
Schrodinger-Newton equation with complex Newton constant and induced gravity
Creators: name: Diósi, Lajos
name: Papp, Tibor Norbert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the reversible Schrodinger-Newton equation a complex Newton coupling G*exp(-i*alpha) is proposed in place of G. The equation becomes irreversible and all initial one-body states are expected to converge to solitonic stationary states. This feature is verified numerically. For two-body solutions we point out that an effective Newtonian interaction is induced by the imaginary mean-fields as if they were real. The effective strength of such induced gravity depends on the local wave functions of the participating distant bodies.
description: 11pp, 3 figs