cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The 3-point Virasoro algebra and its action on a Fock space
Creators: name: Cox, Ben
name: Jurisich, Elizabeth
name: Martins, Renato
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We define a 3-point Virasoro algebra, and construct a representation of it on a previously defined Fock space for the 3-point affine algebra $\mathfrak{sl}(2, \mathcal R) \oplus\left( Ω_{\mathcal R}/d{\mathcal R}\right)$.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1303.6973, arXiv:1309.7316
Assessing the component associations of the healthy worker survivor bias: occupational asbestos exposure and lung cancer mortality
Creators: name: Richardson, David B.
name: Cole, Stephen R.
name: Hudgens, Michael G.
name: Naimi, Ashley I.
name: Brookhart, M. Alan
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: The healthy worker survivor bias is well-recognized in occupational epidemiology. Three component associations are necessary for this bias to occur: i) prior exposure and employment status; ii) employment status and subsequent exposure; and iii) employment status and mortality. Together, these associations result in time-varying confounding affected by prior exposure. We illustrate how these associations can be assessed using standard regression methods.
Confounding control in a nonexperimental study of STAR*D data: logistic regression balanced covariates better than boosted CART
Creators: name: Farley, Joel F.
name: Ellis, Alan R.
name: Stürmer, Til
name: Dusetzina, Stacie B.
name: Gaynes, Bradley N.
name: Hansen, Richard A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Propensity scores, a powerful bias-reduction tool, can balance treatment groups on measured covariates in non-experimental studies. We demonstrate the use of multiple propensity score estimation methods to optimize covariate balance.
Predicting the photodynamics of cyclobutanone triggered by a laser pulse at 200 nm and its MeV-UED signals -- a trajectory surface hopping and XMS-CASPT2 perspective
Creators: name: Janoš, Jiří
name: Nunes, Joao Pedro Figueira
name: Hollas, Daniel
name: Slavíček, Petr
name: Curchod, Basile F. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This work is part of a prediction challenge that invited theoretical/computational chemists to predict the photochemistry of cyclobutanone in the gas phase, excited at 200 nm by a laser pulse, and the expected signal that will be recorded during a time-resolved megaelectronvolt ultrafast electron diffraction (MeV-UED). We present here our theoretical predictions based on a combination of trajectory surface hopping with XMS-CASPT2 (for the nonadiabatic molecular dynamics) and Born-Oppenheimer molecular dynamics (BOMD) with MP2 (for the athermal ground-state dynamics following internal conversion), coined (NA+BO)MD. The initial conditions were sampled from BOMD coupled to a quantum thermostat. Our simulations indicate that the main photoproducts after 2 ps of dynamics are CO + cyclopropane (50%), CO + propene (10%), and ethene and ketene (34%). The photoexcited cyclobutanone in its second excited electronic state S$_2$ can follow two pathways for its nonradiative decay: (i) a ring-opening in S$_2$ and a subsequent rapid decay to the ground electronic state, where the photoproducts are formed, or (ii) a transfer through a closed-ring conical intersection to S$_1$, where cyclobutanone ring opens and then funnels to the ground state. Lifetimes for the photoproduct and electronic populations were determined. We calculated a stationary MeV-UED signal [difference pair distribution function - $Δ$PDF$(r)$] for each (interpolated) pathway as well as a time-resolved signal [$Δ$PDF$(r,t)$ and $ΔI/I(s,t)$] for the full swarm of (NA+BO)MD trajectories. Furthermore, our analysis provides time-independent basis functions that can be used to fit the time-dependent experimental UED signals and potentially recover the population of photoproducts. We also offer a detailed analysis of the limitations of our model and their potential impact on the predicted experimental signals.
Additional file 1: of Factors associated with lung cytology as obtained by non-endoscopic broncho-alveolar lavage in group-housed calves
Creators: name: Leenen, Katharina Van
name: Driessche, Laura Van
name: Lieze De Cremer
name: Gille, Linde
name: Masmeijer, Christien
name: Boyen, Filip
name: Deprez, Piet
name: Pardon, Bart
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Table S1. Broncho-alveolar lavage fluid total nucleated cell count and differential cell counts according to ultrasonographic lesion score (ULS) based on 352 group-housed calves. (DOCX 26 kb)
Dynamically generated gap from holography in the charged black brane with hyperscaling violation
Creators: name: Kuang, Xiao-Mei
name: Papantonopoulos, Eleftherios
name: Wang, Bin
name: Wu, Jian-Pin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We holographically investigate the effects of a dipole coupling between a fermion field and a $U(1)$ gauge field on the dual fermionic sector in the charged gravity bulk with hyperscaling violation. We analytically study the features of the ultraviolet and infrared Green's functions of the dual fermionic system and we show that as the dipole coupling and the hyperscaling violation exponent are varied, the fluid possess Fermi, marginal Fermi, non-Fermi liquid phases and also an additional Mott insulating phase. We find that the increase of the hyperscaling violation exponent which effectively reduces the dimensionality of the system makes it harder for the Mott gap to be formed. We also show that the observed duality between zeros and poles in the presence of a dipole moment coupling still persists in theories with hyperscaling violation.
description: 17 pages,8 figures,version published in JHEP. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1409.2945
Fluctuation of strongly interacting matter in Polyakov Nambu Jona-Lasinio model in finite volume
Creators: name: Bhattacharyya, Abhijit
name: Ray, Rajarshi
name: Sur, Subrata
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have estimated the susceptibilities of conserved charges for 2-flavor strongly interacting matter with varying system sizes, using the Polyakov loop enhanced Nambu Jona-Lasinio model. The susceptibilities for vanishing baryon densities are found to show a scaling with the system volume in the hadronic as well as partonic phase. This scaling breaks down for a temperature range of about 30-50 MeV around the cross-over region. Simultaneous measurements of the various susceptibilities may thus indicate how close to the cross-over region the freeze-out occurs for the fireball created in heavy-ion collision experiments.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1212.5893
Equivalence of cost concentration and gradient vanishing for quantum circuits: An elementary proof in the Riemannian formulation
Creators: name: Miao, Qiang
name: Barthel, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The optimization of quantum circuits can be hampered by a decay of average gradient amplitudes with increasing system size. When the decay is exponential, this is called the barren plateau problem. Considering explicit circuit parametrizations (in terms of rotation angles), it has been shown in Arrasmith et al., Quantum Sci. Technol. 7, 045015 (2022) that barren plateaus are equivalent to an exponential decay of the variance of cost-function differences. We show that the issue is particularly simple in the (parametrization-free) Riemannian formulation of such optimization problems and obtain a tighter bound for the cost-function variance. An elementary derivation shows that the single-gate variance of the cost function is strictly equal to half the variance of the Riemannian single-gate gradient, where we sample variable gates according to the uniform Haar measure. The total variances of the cost function and its gradient are then both bounded from above by the sum of single-gate variances and, conversely, bound single-gate variances from above. So, decays of gradients and cost-function variations go hand in hand, and barren plateau problems cannot be resolved by avoiding gradient-based in favor of gradient-free optimization methods.
description: 8 pages main text, 4 pages appendix, 6 figures; improved presentation, added numerical confirmation for MERA, extended discussion section, demonstrating that single-gate gradient variances can provide more detailed and useful trainability information than total variances alone; published version
Exploiting the Symmetries of P and S wave for B --> K^* mu^+ mu^-
Creators: name: Hofer, Lars
name: Matias, Joaquim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: After summarizing the current theoretical status of the four-body decay B --> K^*(--> K pi) mu^+ mu^-, we apply the formalism of spin-symmetries to the full angular distribution, including the S-wave part involving a broad scalar resonance K0^*. While we recover in the P-wave sector the known relation between the angular observables Pi('), we find in the S-wave sector two new relations connecting the coefficients of the S-wave angular distribution and reducing the number of independent S-wave observables from six to four. Included in the experimental data analysis, these relations can help to reduce the background from S-wave pollution. We further point out the discriminative power of the maximum of the angular observable P2 as a charm-loop insensitive probe of right-handed currents. Moreover, we show that in absence of right-handed currents the angular observables P4' and P5' fulfill the relation P4' = beta P5' at the position where P2 reaches its maximum.
description: 13 pages, 3 figures; journal version
The Role of Bax and Bak in Modulating the Interferon Response in HPV-31 infected cells
Creators: name: Urish, Anne
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2023

description: High risk Human papillomaviruses (HPV) are the causative agents of several human cancers, including cervical cancers and oropharyngeal cancers. HPV-31 is a high-risk oncogenic alpha HPV that infects mucosal epithelial cells. Bax and Bak are pro-apoptotic proteins that induce mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization (MOMP), leading to the activation of caspases, which are cysteine proteases that can induce apoptotic cell death. HPV-31 induces low level activation of caspases-9, -3, and -7 upon epithelial differentiation, suggesting that MOMP is triggered during the productive phase of the HPV-31 life cycle. We have published that apoptotic caspase activity is required to suppress an IFN responses during HPV productive replication. This project is focused on determining if this caspase activation is occurring through Bax/Bak-induced MOMP using siRNA in HPV-31 infected cervical epithelial cells (CIN612-9E) with or without the presence of a pan caspase inhibitor, and if Bax/Bak are important for HPV’s ability to block an IFN response. Our findings show Bax and Bak activation are required for activation of Caspase 7, and that Bax/Bak knockdown does not block the IFN response under caspase-deficient conditions. We found Bax and Bak are required for productive replication of HPV-31 and that activation of JNK occurs in a Bax/Bak-dependent manner. Our study demonstrates that Bax and Bak are necessary for Caspase activation in HPV infected keratinocytes but do not affect the IFN response.
Blood spot–based measures of glucose homeostasis and diabetes prevalence in a nationally representative population of young US adults
Creators: name: Tabor, Joyce W.
name: Cuthbertson, Carmen C.
name: Halpern, Carolyn T.
name: Hussey, Jon M.
name: Killeya-Jones, Ley A.
name: Nguyen, Quynh C.
name: Wener, Mark H.
name: Potter, Alan J.
name: Whitsel, Eric A.
name: Suchindran, Chirayath
name: Harris, Kathleen Mullan
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: We investigated under-studied, biomarker-based diabetes among young U.S. adults, traditionally characterized by low cardiovascular disease risk.
Additional file 2: of Global phylodynamic analysis of avian paramyxovirus-1 provides evidence of inter-host transmission and intercontinental spatial diffusion
Creators: name: Hicks, Joseph
name: Dimitrov, Kiril
name: Afonso, Claudio
name: Ramey, Andrew
name: Bahl, Justin
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Figures S1 - S8. (PDF 8119 kb)
title: Do Mindsets Matter?
title: What can we discover from the learning experiences of secondary school students about the relationship between identity, Implicit Theories of Intelligence, and growth?
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Semple, Alison
name: Semple, Alison
Publisher: name: Lancaster University
Year: 2022
Subjects: metacognition
mindsets
secondary education
learning
parental factors
school
motivation
curriculum
teaching
assessment
professional development

description: Concepts from cognitive psychology are making their way into the school sector to inform school improvement, including Dweck’s work on Implicit Theories of Intelligence which was being taken up by educators in the late 1990s and early 2000s. There is strong empirical evidence to suggest believing that intelligence is a fixed trait (i.e., having an entity theory) impacts negatively on academic growth whilst believing that intelligence is malleable (i.e. having an incremental or Growth Mindset) can have positive outcomes in terms of progress. Studies have also shown that Implicit Theories of Intelligence can be manipulated so that learners increase effort and become more resilient. However, it is proving difficult to find interventions for use in schools that have significant and sustained impacts. Dweck herself has expressed concerns about how her theories are being misunderstood by practitioners and there is a danger that the school sector will start to dismiss an idea it once found interesting without really giving Implicit Theories of Intelligence a chance to inform policy and practice. This longitudinal nested case study used interviews with students and their parents alongside school tracking data in an attempt to glimpse inside the “black box” of learning and discover how Implicit Theories of Intelligence form part of individual children’s Learner Identities and how these identities are affected by family narratives, parental influence, early educational experiences, and the participants’ current lived experience of school in order to determine the extent of the individuals’ academic growth. The study also looked at the learning mechanisms that formed the process whereby participants were able to achieve academic growth and examined the interplay between learner identities and learning mechanisms. Coding interview transcripts resulted in the identification of key elements that made up individual students’ Learner Identities and the emergence of a new element, learning literacy. It is this learning literacy that mediates between a learner’s identity and experience at school, particularly their access to the main mechanisms of learning identified in this study, to produce negative or virtuous cycles. The final phase of the study builds on the learning from the case studies and from the literature review to suggest that, rather than use “one-shot” interventions, it would be better to build a whole school system around the understanding that growth mindsets lead to better academic growth, starting with a clear shared model and language of learning.
Understanding the Biochemical Properties of Chromatin-Interacting Enzyme PHRF1
Creators: name: Bowman, Christopher
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2023

description: Histone proteins, essential to the highly-structured organization of genetic information within a cell, are modified by numerous “writer” and “eraser” enzymes that install or remove histone post-translational modifications (PTMs), respectively. Histone PTMs help recruit “reader” or effector proteins, which can play a role in regulating transcription or other cellular processes. Reader protein PHRF1 has been characterized as an E3 ligase, assisting in the cellular function of ubiquitination. How PHRF1 recognizes and engages chromatin in vivo serves as the primary question of this study. We investigate the individual and combinatorial contributions of PHRF1’s plant homeodomain (PHD) and Set2 Rpb1 interacting (SRI) domain toward binding chromatin and other nuclear proteins. To determine the biochemical role of the PHD and SRI region, we conducted immunoprecipitation, sequential salt extraction, and immunofluorescence assays in HCT116 colorectal cancer cells. We discovered the necessity of the P221 residue of PHD and the SRI region to bind H3 in chromatin. These techniques elucidated the role of the SRI region in interacting with RNA Polymerase II (RNAPII). We also discovered the colocalization of PHRF1 with RNAPII and serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 1 (SRSF1) in the nucleus. These results suggest the importance of reader proteins like PHRF1 in engaging chromatin and interacting with the cell’s transcriptional machinery. As we begin studying mutant PHRF1’s defects on cellular ubiquitination, transcription, splicing, and double-strand break repair, we will start to link the biochemical and biophysical properties of PHRF1 to its functioning in cellular processes.
title: Drosophila myosin VI function in dorsal closure
Creators: name: Ezeigwe, Ifeoma Daramfon
Publisher: name: University of Kent
Year: 2022

description: Myosin VI is a minus-end directed actin-based motor protein. In vertebrate cells, myosin VI is of importance in endocytic and exocytic-membrane trafficking pathways, and in regulating Golgi morphology. Myosin VI is also implicated in genetic diseases and is transcriptionally regulated upon DNA damage in a p53-dependent manner and shown to be over-expressed in cancer types. In Drosophila, myosin VI encoded by the jaguar (jar) gene is implicated in a range of cellular processes including dorsal closure. Although understanding of its cellular function is developing, little is known about the mechanisms regulating myosin VI. In vitro studies on vertebrate myosin VI have demonstrated that it is phosphorylated within its motor domain by the serine/threonine kinase P AK and that alters its function in a similar manner to that which occurs in myosin I. More importantly,jar has a Pak phosphorylation site in the same location as the vertebrate myosin VI. Expression of either a dominant negative Jar or a dominant negative Pak causes if not exact, overlapping dorsal phenotypes in Drosophila. The aim of this study was to investigate a working model that Jar functions during dorsal closure are dependent on Pak-mediated phosphorylation. During my thesis research a published report concluded that jar is required but not essential for Drosophila development as 40% null jar mutants survived. On the contrary, I report here that jar is of importance for development as RNA i-mediated knockdown of Jar protein level is lethal and is found to cause abnormal dorsal closure. Further delineation of jar322 mutant allele showed varied phenotypes including wing defects that implicates jar in Notch signalling and in integrin function and signalling. Importantly, I found that Jar is directly regulated by JNK transcriptional activation pathway and down-regulated by the RhoGTPase pathway. Together this work emphasises the multi functional nature of myosin VI. Further the work suggests that the pro-survival function of vertebrate myosin VI is conserved in Drosophila.
Anomalous energy transport in FPU-$β$ chain
Creators: name: Mellet, Antoine
name: Merino-Aceituno, Sara
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 82D25, 35B40, 26A33, 82C70

description: This paper is devoted to the derivation of a macroscopic fractional diffusion equation describing heat transport in an anharmonic chain. More precisely, we study here the so-called FPU-$β$ chain, which is a very simple model for a one-dimensional crystal in which atoms are coupled to their nearest neighbors by a harmonic potential, weakly perturbed by a quartic potential. The starting point of our mathematical analysis is a kinetic equation: Lattice vibrations, responsible for heat transport, are modeled by an interacting gas of phonons whose evolution is described by the Boltzmann Phonon Equation. Our main result is the rigorous derivation of an anomalous diffusion equation starting from the linearized Boltzmann Phonon Equation
MOESM1 of Perceptions of the impact of disability and impairment on health, quality of life and capability
Creators: name: Bray, Nathan
name: Edwards, Rhiannon
name: Squires, Luke
name: Morrison, Valerie
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Appendix 1. Study questionnaire. Example of the study questionnaire used for data collection; the questionnaire includes all hypothetical states used for perceived health state analyses.
MOESM2 of Perceptions of the impact of disability and impairment on health, quality of life and capability
Creators: name: Bray, Nathan
name: Edwards, Rhiannon
name: Squires, Luke
name: Morrison, Valerie
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2: Table S1. Perception of EQ-VAS health status in states of visual, hearing and mobility impairment, and the effect of adaptation. This table shows the effect of adaptation on the perceived health status (measured using EQ-VAS) of different states of visual, hearing and mobility impairment.
SPAM-Robust Multi-axis Quantum Noise Spectroscopy in Temporally Correlated Environments
Creators: name: Khan, Muhammad Qasim
name: Dong, Wenzheng
name: Norris, Leigh M.
name: Viola, Lorenza
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Characterizing temporally correlated (``non-Markovian'') noise is a key prerequisite for achieving noise-tailored error mitigation and optimal device performance. Quantum noise spectroscopy can afford quantitative estimation of the noise spectral features; however, in its current form it is highly vulnerable to implementation non-idealities, notably, state-preparation and measurement (SPAM) errors. Further to that, existing protocols have been mostly developed for dephasing-dominated noise processes, with competing dephasing and relaxation effects being largely unaccounted for. We introduce quantum noise spectroscopy protocols inspired by spin-locking techniques that enable the characterization of arbitrary temporally correlated multi-axis noise on a qubit with fixed energy splitting, while remaining resilient to realistic static SPAM errors. By validating our protocol's performance in both numerical simulation and cloud-based IBM quantum processors, we demonstrate the successful separation and estimation of native noise spectrum components as well as SPAM error rates. We find that SPAM errors can significantly alter or mask important noise features, with spectra overestimated by up to 26.4% in a classical noise regime. Clear signatures of non-classical noise are manifest in the reconstructed IBM-qubit dephasing spectra, once SPAM-error effects are compensated for. Our work provides a timely tool for benchmarking realistic sources of noise in qubit devices.
The treatment order of Staphylococcus aureus with multiple antibiotics results in efficacy variance in vitro
Creators: name: Hamer, Benjamin
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2023

description: Recurrent Staphylococcus aureus infections are thought to be caused by the formation of persister cells. These persister cells survive the presence of antibiotics by entering a lower metabolic state and result in a resurgence of bacterial populations upon cessation of antibiotic therapy. Combination therapy is known to result in differing survival rates of S. aureus in vitro dependent upon the combination of drugs utilized. This study seeks to determine the effects of dual-antibiotic administration order and time, relative to one another, on the survival of S. aureus persister cells. To ensure persister cell presence at second antibiotic dosage time, we first performed kill curves using vancomycin and ciprofloxacin, then measured bacterial density over time. We then performed in vitro assays using the two antibiotics in combination at set time intervals. Our results showed that administration of ciprofloxacin followed by vancomycin resulted in a significant increase in killing persister cells when compared with administration of vancomycin followed by ciprofloxacin. These results could inform how clinicians utilize antibiotics to treat bacterial infections and both improve patient outcomes and reduce the risks associated with the development of resistance. Pending in vivo studies, careful consideration must be taken when selecting combinations of antibiotics to treat bacterial infections that are beyond the scope of this study.
Body mass index and risk of head and neck cancer by race: the Carolina Head and Neck Cancer Epidemiology Study
Creators: name: Olshan, Andrew F.
name: Funkhouser, William K.
name: Petrick, Jessica L.
name: Gaudet, Mia M.
name: Weissler, Mark C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Most studies, primarily conducted in populations of European ancestry, reported increased risk of head and neck cancer (HNC) associated with leanness (body mass index (BMI) <18.5 kg/m2) and decreased for overweight or obesity (25.0-<30.0 and >30 kg/m2, respectively), compared to normal weight (18.5-<25.0 kg/m2).
Looking Medusa in the Eyes: The Monster Who Shaped Classical Culture
Creators: name: Karcher, Elsa
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2023

description: Medusa is one of the most infamous monsters in European literature. The snake-haired woman, whose gaze can kill any man on sight, has captivated readers from the time of her inception in the 8th Century BCE to today, where she still features prominently in literature and art. Yet why has this figure been so influential for so long? And how has she changed over these thousands of years? The answers to these questions must start with the study of ancient societies that created the Medusa figure and laid the foundation of her identity on which all future interpretations would rely. In this thesis, I argue that Medusa transformed many times, reflecting each of the different ancient societies that wrote about her, and illustrating how for each society, she was a projection of cultural fears and an enforcer of cultural norms. Consequently, the study of Medusa is both important to the understanding of ancient myth, and to the understanding of monsters and their role as a means of demonizing those who violate norms and as a mechanism to regulate society.
Depression, anxiety, antidepressant use, and cardiovascular disease among Hispanic men and women of different national backgrounds: results from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos
Creators: name: Mosley, Thomas
name: Penedo, Frank J.
name: Castaneda, Sheila F.
name: Arredondo, Elva M.
name: Santistaban, Daniel A.
name: Gallo, Linda C.
name: Choca, James P.
name: Lee-Rey, Elizabeth T.
name: Cai, JianWen
name: Wassertheil-Smoller, Sylvia
name: Jung, Molly
name: Zee, Phyllis C.
name: LaVange, Lisa M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Describe prevalence and relationships to cardiovascular morbidity of depression, anxiety and medication use among Hispanic/Latinos of different ethnic backgrounds.
Predicting the extinction of Ebola spreading in Liberia due to mitigation strategies
Creators: name: Valdez, L. D.
name: Rêgo, H. H. A.
name: Stanley, H. E.
name: Braunstein, L. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Ebola virus is spreading throughout West Africa and is causing thousands of deaths. In order to quantify the effectiveness of different strategies for controlling the spread, we develop a mathematical model in which the propagation of the Ebola virus through Liberia is caused by travel between counties. For the initial months in which the Ebola virus spreads, we find that the arrival times of the disease into the counties predicted by our model are compatible with World Health Organization data, but we also find that reducing mobility is insufficient to contain the epidemic because it delays the arrival of Ebola virus in each county by only a few weeks. We study the effect of a strategy in which safe burials are increased and effective hospitalisation instituted under two scenarios: (i) one implemented in mid-July 2014 and (ii) one in mid-August---which was the actual time that strong interventions began in Liberia. We find that if scenario (i) had been pursued the lifetime of the epidemic would have been three months shorter and the total number of infected individuals 80\% less than in scenario (ii). Our projection under scenario (ii) is that the spreading will stop by mid-spring 2015.
Diet and lifestyle factors and risk of subtypes of esophageal and gastric cancers: classification tree analysis
Creators: name: Stanford, Janet L.
name: Mayne, Susan T.
name: Chow, Wong-Ho
name: Gammon, Marilie D.
name: Vaughan, Thomas L.
name: West, A. Brian
name: Dubin, Joel A.
name: Blot, William J.
name: Risch, Harvey A.
name: Navarro Silvera, Stephanie A.
name: Dubrow, Robert
name: Rotterdam, Heidrun
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Although risk factors for squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus (SCC) and adenocarcinomas of the esophagus (EA), gastric cardia (GC) and other (non-cardia) gastric sites (OG) have been identified, little is known about interactions among risk factors. We sought to examine interactions of diet, other lifestyle, and medical factors with risks of subtypes of esophageal and gastric cancer.
MOESM3 of Perceptions of the impact of disability and impairment on health, quality of life and capability
Creators: name: Bray, Nathan
name: Edwards, Rhiannon
name: Squires, Luke
name: Morrison, Valerie
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 3: Table S2. Individual item score proportions (%) on the ICECAP-O (personal and perceived results). This table shows the difference between perceived (i.e. a hypothetical state of generic impairment) and personal item scores on the ICECAP-O.
Impact of gluon polarization on Higgs plus jet production at the LHC
Creators: name: Boer, Daniel
name: Pisano, Cristian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we consider Higgs plus jet production as a process that is sensitive to the linear polarization of gluons inside the unpolarized protons of the LHC. The leading order expressions for the transverse momentum distribution of the Higgs plus jet pair are provided in terms of transverse momentum dependent quark and gluon distributions. This includes both angular independent and azimuthal angular dependent contributions, presented directly in the laboratory frame. Lacking experimental constraints on the linearly polarized gluon distribution, we study its effects on Higgs plus jet production using two different models to illustrate the generic features and maximal effects. It is found that the $\cos 2 ϕ$ distribution may be the most promising observable, as it is driven by only one initial linearly polarized gluon. The potential advantages of the Higgs plus jet process compared to other processes sensitive to the linear polarization of gluons are discussed.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures; final version to appear in Physical Review D
Adiabatic gauge potential and integrability breaking with free fermions
Creators: name: Pozsgay, Balázs
name: Sharipov, Rustem
name: Tiutiakina, Anastasiia
name: Vona, István
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit the problem of integrability breaking in free fermionic quantum spin chains. We investigate the so-called adiabatic gauge potential (AGP), which was recently proposed as an accurate probe of quantum chaos. We also study the so-called weak integrability breaking, which occurs if the dynamical effects of the perturbation do not appear at leading order in the perturbing parameter. A recent statement in the literature claimed that integrability breaking should generally lead to an exponential growth of the AGP norm with respect to the volume. However, afterwards it was found that weak integrability breaking is a counter-example, leading to a cross-over between polynomial and exponential growth. Here we show that in free fermionic systems the AGP norm always grows polynomially, if the perturbation is local with respect to the fermions, even if the perturbation strongly breaks integrability. As a by-product of our computations we also find, that in free fermionic spin chains there are operators which weakly break integrability, but which are not associated with known long range deformations.
description: 26 pages, 6 figures, v2: references added, minor modifications
Elevated hepatic enzymes and incidence of venous thromboembolism: a prospective study
Creators: name: Basu, Saonli
name: Roetker, Nicholas S.
name: Heckbert, Susan R.
name: Selvin, Elizabeth
name: Cushman, Mary
name: Folsom, Aaron R.
name: Lazo, Mariana
name: Lutsey, Pamela L.
name: Rosamond, Wayne D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Approximately 10 percent of the general population have elevated blood concentrations of hepatic enzymes, which are linked to increased coagulation markers. We tested whether elevated hepatic enzymes are associated with increased risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE).
Drivers to ecosystem functions provided by grazing coral reef fishes in the Anthropocene
Creators: name: Howlett, Samantha
Publisher: name: Lancaster University
Year: 2022

description: As we move into the Anthropocene, a variety of local and global stressors are reorganising coral reef communities, that can push them away from coral dominated states, potentially reducing their capacity to provide ecosystem services. Quantifying ecosystem functions is becoming an increasingly popular tool in helping us understand ecosystem resilience. This thesis focuses on one of the primary ecosystem functions on coral reefs: the grazing of algal turf communities by roving herbivorous fishes. In Chapter 1 and Chapter 2, I use a combination of long-term monitoring UVC data and stereo-cameras to estimate grazing and bioerosion rates, and look at a habitat and management features that influence these both temporally and spatially. In Chapter 1 I show that two functions associated with parrotfish grazing respond differently following a large-scale disturbance, with scraping rates increasing initially and bioerosion rates lagging behind as fish require time to attain large body size. In Chapter 2 I show that, other than greater species diversity, there are varying spatial drivers to grazing rates by functional groups. These chapters both show that converting community data into associated grazing functions sheds light on just how complex drivers to ecosystem functions can be. The second half of the thesis focuses on characterising benthic changes that occur following mass coral bleaching events, and how these can act as bottom-up drivers to grazing rates by affecting the foraging landscape for grazing fishes over time. I use a range of approaches to track the successional stages of algae and microbial communities in the first three months post-bleaching, how these changes relate to turf algal features known to influence grazing rates. In Chapter 3 I use an experimental approach to show how micro-habitat variations; such as coral life histories and morphology; can influence successional stages and associated features. In Chapter 4, I apply similar approaches to corals which suffered natural mortality during a bleaching event, showing similarities between natural and experimental approaches. Finally, I use a range of experiments to show how successional turf algal communities can vary through time in their attractiveness to grazing fishes, and even their ability to sustain them energetically.
Estimation of biomarker distributions using laboratory data collected during routine delivery of medical care
Creators: name: Li, Xiaojuan
name: Pate, Virginia
name: Todd, Jonathan V.
name: Reams, B. Diane
name: Brookhart, Maurice Alan
name: Kshirsagar, Abhijit V.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: To examine the extent to which commonly ordered laboratory values obtained from large health care databases are representative of the distribution of laboratory values from the general population as reflected in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.
title: Rhetorik
Creators: name: Arnold, Stefan
name: Dagovych, Tetyana
name: Kramp-Seidel, Nicola
name: Schnetter, Marcus
name: Wagner-Egelhaaf, Martina
Publisher: name: University of Muenster, Institutional Repository MIAMI
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 340 Law
subject: 400 Language
subject: 808 Rhetoric and collections of literary texts from more than two literatures

description: Sowohl das Recht als auch die Literatur sind sprachlich verfasst. Als rhetorisch ist die adressaten- und wirkungsbezogene Geformtheit von Rechtstexten und literarischen Texten zu beschreiben. Dabei umfasst 'Rhetorik' mehr als den Einsatz bestimmter 'rhetorischer Mittel' (Elocutio-Rhetorik). Wie gerade die sog. ,neue Rhetorik‘ im Anschluss an Aristoteles geltend gemacht hat, ist die Argumentation wesentliches Element der rhetorischen Kommunikation. Zugriffsweisen auf die Rhetorik unterscheiden sich historisch, kulturell und bezüglich ihrer epistemischen Funktion. Daher argumentiert die neuere Rhetorik-Forschung dafür, rhetorische Produktion geschehensorientiert zu untersuchen und dabei ihrer Geschichtlichkeit Rechnung zu tragen. Der vorliegende Artikel gibt keinen allumfassenden Überblick, sondern fokussiert auf die Rhetorik im Recht und in der Literatur sowie auf rhetorische Dimensionen des Verhältnisses von Recht und Literatur.
description: Both law and literature are composed of language. The forming of legal and literary texts according to their recipients and effects can be described as rhetoric. In this sense, 'rhetoric' includes more than the use of certain rhetorical devices (elocutio rhetoric). Especially as the so-called 'new rhetoric' has asserted following Aristotle, argumentation is a central element of rhetorical communication. Modes of access to rhetoric differ historically, culturally and in relation to their epistemic function. Therefore, newer research on rhetoric argues in favour of analysing rhetorical production as it occurs and at the same time accounting for its historicity. This article does not provide an all-encompassing overview, but focuses on rhetoric in law and in literature as well as on the rhetorical dimensions of the relationship between law and literature.
BICEP2/Keck Array IV: Optical Characterization and Performance of the BICEP2 and Keck Array Experiments
Creators: name: BICEP2, The
name: Collaborations, Keck Array
name: :
name: Ade, P. A. R.
name: Aikin, R. W.
name: Barkats, D.
name: Benton, S. J.
name: Bischoff, C. A.
name: Bock, J. J.
name: Bradford, K. J.
name: Brevik, J. A.
name: Buder, I.
name: Bullock, E.
name: Dowell, C. D.
name: Duband, L.
name: Filippini, J. P.
name: Fliescher, S.
name: Golwala, S. R.
name: Halpern, M.
name: Hasselfield, M.
name: Hildebrandt, S. R.
name: Hilton, G. C.
name: Hui, H.
name: Irwin, K. D.
name: Kang, J. H.
name: Karkare, K. S.
name: Kaufman, J. P.
name: Keating, B. G.
name: Kefeli, S.
name: Kernasovskiy, S. A.
name: Kovac, J. M.
name: Kuo, C. L.
name: Leitch, E. M.
name: Lueker, M.
name: Megerian, K. G.
name: Netterfield, C. B.
name: Nguyen, H. T.
name: O'Brient, R.
name: Ogburn, R. W.
name: Orlando, A.
name: Pryke, C.
name: Richter, S.
name: Schwarz, R.
name: Sheehy, C. D.
name: Staniszewski, Z. K.
name: Sudiwala, R. V.
name: Teply, G. P.
name: Thompson, K.
name: Tolan, J. E.
name: Turner, A. D.
name: Vieregg, A. G.
name: Weber, A. C.
name: Wong, C. L.
name: Yoon, K. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: BICEP2 and the Keck Array are polarization-sensitive microwave telescopes that observe the cosmic microwave background (CMB) from the South Pole at degree angular scales in search of a signature of inflation imprinted as B-mode polarization in the CMB. BICEP2 was deployed in late 2009, observed for three years until the end of 2012 at 150 GHz with 512 antenna-coupled transition edge sensor bolometers, and has reported a detection of B-mode polarization on degree angular scales. The Keck Array was first deployed in late 2010 and will observe through 2016 with five receivers at several frequencies (95, 150, and 220 GHz). BICEP2 and the Keck Array share a common optical design and employ the field-proven BICEP1 strategy of using small-aperture, cold, on-axis refractive optics, providing excellent control of systematics while maintaining a large field of view. This design allows for full characterization of far-field optical performance using microwave sources on the ground. Here we describe the optical design of both instruments and report a full characterization of the optical performance and beams of BICEP2 and the Keck Array at 150 GHz.
description: 21 pages, 27 figures
Agreement of VICORDER® and SphygmoCor XCEL on Measures of Pulse Wave Velocity
Creators: name: Musacchio, Madeline
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2023

description: BACKGROUND: Measurements of arterial stiffness (AS) have been shown to be useful in the assessment of CVD risk. However, the gold standard for measures of AS include invasive, high-fidelity techniques such as coronary arteriography. These invasive techniques are not practical for clinical use. Thus, several non-invasive techniques have been developed to measure AS via pulse wave velocity (PWV). Determining the agreement between two commonly used devices, the Vicorder and SphygmoCor XCEL, is essential for the implementation PWV as a clinical measure. METHODS: We conducted a single-visit agreement study to evaluate the agreement of the SphygmoCor XCEL and VICORDER at a supine and 25º posture. RESULTS: 12 participants completed, one outlier was identified (supine SphygmoCor XCEL = 17.10 m/s) and excluded. 75% of the sample was female, aged 25 ± 5.37 years. Vicorder significantly underestimated cfPWV measures compared to the SphygmoCor XCEL at a supine and 25º posture. Vicorder cfPWV measures showed both a statistically and clinically significant mean differences in cfPWV values compared to SphygmoCor XCEL cfPWV at both the supine (MD=1.85, SEE=1.05) and 25º posture (MD=2.69, SEE=1.26). The SphygmoCor XCEL cfPWV measures at both postures seemed to have good agreement (r=0.73, p=0.01 and Intra-class Correlation Coefficient (ICC) (0.74)), however mean deviation (-0.87) and Standard Error of Estimate (SEE) (0.80) using Bland-Altman analyses demonstrated greater mean bias. DISCUSSION: Greater mean differences were seen at higher cfPWV values for both the SphygmoCor XCEL 25-Vicorder and SphygmoCor XCEL Supine-Vicorder comparisons. VICORDER underestimates cfPWV compared to the SphygmoCor XCEL. SphygmoCor XCEL measures at supine and 25º postures seem to be trending towards agreement, however further research is required for confirmatory analysis. Differing path lengths for both devices, different wave detection algorithms, and a small sample size may be a potential source of bias. CONCLUSION: Vicorder and SphygmoCor XCEL values trend towards agreement, however, there is greater underestimation of cfPWV at higher PWV values. Additionally, there is evidence of significant bias, with mean differences being greater between the Vicorder and SphymoCor XCEL at 25º. Ultimately the Vicorder and SphygmoCor XCEL may not be used interchangeably to assess cfPWV until the effects of path length calculation and device algorithms are assessed further.