cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Partitioning Quantum Chemistry Simulations with Clifford Circuits
Creators: name: Schleich, Philipp
name: Boen, Joseph
name: Cincio, Lukasz
name: Anand, Abhinav
name: Kottmann, Jakob S.
name: Tretiak, Sergei
name: Dub, Pavel A.
name: Aspuru-Guzik, Alán
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Current quantum computing hardware is restricted by the availability of only few, noisy qubits which limits the investigation of larger, more complex molecules in quantum chemistry calculations on quantum computers in the near-term. In this work, we investigate the limits of their classical and near-classical treatment while staying within the framework of quantum circuits and the variational quantum eigensolver. To this end, we consider naive and physically motivated, classically efficient product ansatz for the parametrized wavefunction adapting the separable pair ansatz form. We combine it with post-treatment to account for interactions between subsystems originating from this ansatz. The classical treatment is given by another quantum circuit that has support between the enforced subsystems and is folded into the Hamiltonian. To avoid an exponential increase in the number of Hamiltonian terms, the entangling operations are constructed from purely Clifford or near-Clifford circuits. While Clifford circuits can be simulated efficiently classically, they are not universal. In order to account for missing expressibility, near-Clifford circuits with only few, selected non-Clifford gates are employed. The exact circuit structure to achieve this objective is molecule-dependent and is constructed using simulated annealing and genetic algorithms. We demonstrate our approach on a set of molecules of interest and investigate the extent of our methodology's reach. Empirical validation of our approach using numerical simulations shows a reduction of the qubit count of up to a 50\% at a similar accuracy as compared to the separable-pair ansatz.
description: 12 pages, 9 figures plus 3 pages, 8 figures appendix
Glossary of acronyms in Representing provenance and track changes of cultural heritage metadata in RDF: a survey of existing approaches
Creators: name: Massari, Arcangelo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: glossary
acronyms
RDF
provenance
Digital Humanities

description: This document contains a glossary of acronyms used in Representing provenance and track changes of cultural heritage metadata in RDF: a survey of existing approaches sent to the 2023 Digital Humanities conference in Graz
Tetravalent doping of CeO$_2$: The impact of valence electron character on group IV dopant influence
Creators: name: Vanpoucke, D. E. P.
name: Cottenier, S.
name: Van Speybroeck, V.
name: Van Driessche, I.
name: Bultinck, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fluorite CeO$_2$ doped with group IV elements is studied within the DFT and DFT+U framework. Concentration dependent formation energies are calculated for Ce$_{1-x}$Z$_x$O$_2$ (Z= C, Si, Ge, Sn, Pb, Ti, Zr, Hf) with $0\leq x \leq 0.25$ and a roughly decreasing trend with ionic radius is observed. The influence of the valence and near valence electronic configuration is discussed, indicating the importance of filled $d$ and $f$ shells near the Fermi level for all properties investigated. A clearly different behavior of group IVa and IVb dopants is observed: the former are more suitable for surface modifications, the latter are more suitable for bulk modifications.\\ \indent For the entire set of group IV dopants, there exists an inverse relation between the change, due to doping, of the bulk modulus and the thermal expansion coefficients. Hirshfeld-I atomic charges show that charge transfer effects due to doping are limited to the nearest neighbor oxygen atoms.
description: 11 pages, 6 tables, 5 figures
title: Deutschlands Verfassung; 1848
title: Betrachtungen über den von den Männern des öffentlichen Vertrauens verfaßten und der deutschen Bundesversammlung überreichten Entwurf des deutschen Reichsgrundgesetzes
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Weber, Wilhelm von
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2018

description: Verf. ermittelt
Nonlinear Subsystem-based Adaptive Impedance Control of Physical Human-Robot-Environment Interaction in Contact-rich Tasks
Creators: name: Hejrati, Mahdi
name: Mattila, Jouni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Haptic upper limb exoskeletons are robots that assist human operators during task execution while having the ability to render virtual or remote environments. Therefore, the stability of such robots in physical human-robot-environment interaction must be guaranteed, in addition to performing well during task execution. Having a wide range of Z-width, which shows the region of passively renderable impedance by a haptic display, is also important to render a wide range of virtual environments. To address these issues, in this study, subsystem-based adaptive impedance control is designed for having a stable human-robot-environment interaction of 7 degrees of freedom haptic exoskeleton. The presented control decomposes the entire system into subsystems and designs the controller at the subsystem level. The stability of the controller in the presence of contact with the virtual environment and human arm force is proved by employing the virtual stability concept. Additionally, the Z-width of the 7-DoF haptic exoskeleton is drawn using experimental data and improved using varying virtual mass element for the virtual environment. Finally, experimental results are provided to demonstrate the perfect performance of the proposed controller in accomplishing the predefined task.
description: This work has been accepted for publication by the IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters
Modulation instability gain and localized waves by modified Frenkel-Kontorova model of higher order nonlinearity
Creators: name: Houwe, Alphonse
name: Abbagari, Souleymanou
name: Akinyemi, Lanre
name: Doka, Serge Yamigno
name: Crepin, Kofane Timoleon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, modulation instability and nonlinear supratransmission are investigated in a one-dimensional chain of atoms using cubic-quartic nonlinearity coefficients. As a result, we establish the discrete nonlinear evolution equation by using the multi-scale scheme. To calculate the modulation instability gain, we use the linearizing scheme. Particular attention is given to the impact of the higher nonlinear term on the modulation instability. Following that, full numerical integration was performed to identify modulated wave patterns, as well as the appearance of a rogue wave. Through the nonlinear supratransmission phenomenon, one end of the discrete model is driven into the forbidden bandgap. As a result, for driving amplitudes above the supratransmission threshold, the solitonic bright soliton and modulated wave patterns are satisfied. An important behavior is observed in the transient range of time of propagation when the bright solitonic wave turns into a chaotic solitonic wave. These results corroborate our analytical investigations on the modulation instability and show that the one-dimensional chain of atoms is a fruitful medium to generate long-lived modulated waves.
Ionized gas kinematics and chemical abundances of low-mass star-forming galaxies at $z\sim 3$
Creators: name: Llerena, M.
name: Amorín, R.
name: Pentericci, L.
name: Calabrò, A.
name: Shapley, A. E.
name: Boutsia, K.
name: Pérez-Montero, E.
name: Vílchez, J. M.
name: Nakajima, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We selected 35 low-mass SFGs (7.91000Å and EW(CIII])>5Å, closely resembling those now seen in EoR galaxies with JWST. We find low gas-phase metallicities 12+log(O/H)~7.5-8.5 and C/O abundances from 23%-128% solar, with no apparent increasing trend with metallicity. From our [OIII]4959,5007 profile modeling, we find that 65% of our sample shows an outflow component, which is shifted relative to the ionized gas systemic velocity, with mean $v_{max}$~280 km/s which correlates with the $Σ_{SFR}$. We find that the mass-loading factor $μ$ of our sample is typically lower than in more massive galaxies from literature but higher than in typical local dwarf galaxies. In the stellar mass range covered, we find that $μ$ increases with $Σ_{SFR}$ thus suggesting that for a given stellar mass, denser starbursts in low-mass galaxies produce stronger outflows. Our results complement the picture drawn by similar studies at lower redshift, suggesting that the removal of ionized gas in low-mass SFGs driven by stellar feedback is regulated by their stellar mass and by the strength and concentration of their star formation, i.e. $Σ_{\rm SFR}$.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A. We updated the manuscript following referee's suggestions. We updated the estimations of C/O by not including CIV flux since it is not detected in most of our sample. No major changes in our results compared with previous version
Polarized Line Formation in Multi-dimensional Media. V. Effects of Angle-Dependent Partial Frequency Redistribution
Creators: name: Anusha, L. S.
name: Nagendra, K. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The solution of polarized radiative transfer equation with angle-dependent (AD) partial frequency redistribution (PRD) is a challenging problem. Modeling the observed, linearly polarized strong resonance lines in the solar spectrum often requires the solution of the AD line transfer problems in one-dimensional (1D) or multi-dimensional (multi-D) geometries. The purpose of this paper is to develop an understanding of the relative importance of the AD PRD effects and the multi-D transfer effects and particularly their combined influence on the line polarization. This would help in a quantitative analysis of the second solar spectrum (the linearly polarized spectrum of the Sun). We consider both non-magnetic and magnetic media. In this paper we reduce the Stokes vector transfer equation to a simpler form using a Fourier decomposition technique for multi-D media. A fast numerical method is also devised to solve the concerned multi-D transfer problem. The numerical results are presented for a two-dimensional medium with a moderate optical thickness (effectively thin), and are computed for a collisionless frequency redistribution. We show that the AD PRD effects are significant, and can not be ignored in a quantitative fine analysis of the line polarization. These effects are accentuated by the finite dimensionality of the medium (multi-D transfer). The presence of magnetic fields (Hanle effect) modifies the impact of these two effects to a considerable extent.
State of the art in the determination of the fine structure constant: test of Quantum Electrodynamics and determination of h/mu
Creators: name: Bouchendira, Rym
name: Cladé, Pierre
name: Guellati-Khélifa, Saïda
name: Nez, François
name: Biraben, François
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The fine structure constant $α$ has a particular status in physics. Its precise determination is required to test the quantum electrodynamics (QED) theory. The constant $α$ is also a keystone for the determination of other fundamental physical constants, especially the ones involved in the framework of the future International System of units. This paper presents Paris experiment, where the fine structure constant is determined by measuring the recoil velocity of a rubidium atom when it absorbs a photon. The impact of the recent improvement of QED calculations of the electron moment anomaly and the recent measurement of the cesium atom recoil at Berkeley will be discussed. The opportunity to provide a precise value of the ratio $h/m_{\mathrm{u}}$ between the Planck constant and the atomic mass constant will be investigated.
Tagging and localisation of ionizing events using NbSi transition edge phonon sensors for Dark Matter searches
Creators: name: EDELWEISS Collaboration
name: Augier, C.
name: Benoît, A.
name: Bergé, L.
name: Billard, J.
name: Broniatowski, A.
name: Camus, P.
name: Cazes, A.
name: Chapellier, M.
name: Charlieux, F.
name: Colas, J.
name: De Jésus, M.
name: Dumoulin, L.
name: Eitel, K.
name: Filippini, J. B.
name: Filosofov, D.
name: Gascon, J.
name: Giuliani, A.
name: Gros, M.
name: Guy, E.
name: Jin, Y.
name: Juillard, A.
name: Lattaud, H.
name: Marnieros, S.
name: Martini, N.
name: Navick, X. -F.
name: Nones, C.
name: Olivieri, E.
name: Oriol, C.
name: Pari, P.
name: Paul, B.
name: Poda, D.
name: Rojas, A.
name: Rozov, S.
name: Sanglard, V.
name: Vagneron, L.
name: Yakushev, E.
name: Zolotarova, A.
name: Kavanagh, B. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the context of direct searches of sub-GeV Dark Matter particles with germanium detectors, the EDELWEISS collaboration has tested a new technique to tag ionizing events using NbSi transition edge athermal phonon sensors. The emission of the athermal phonons generated by the Neganov-Trofimov-Luke effect associated with the drift of electrons and holes through the detectors is used to tag ionization events generated in specific parts of the detector localized in front of the NbSi sensor and to reject by more than a factor 5 (at 90% C.L.) the background from heat-only events that dominates the spectrum above 3 keV. This method is able to improve by a factor 2.8 the previous limit on spin-independent interactions of 1 GeV/c2 WIMPs obtained with the same detector and data set but without this tagging technique.
description: 13 pages, 11 figures
Low-temperature phase diagram of Fe1+yTe
Creators: name: Koz, Cevriye
name: Rößler, Sahana
name: Tsirlin, Alexander A.
name: Wirth, Steffen
name: Schwarz, Ulrich
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We used low-temperature synchrotron x-ray diffraction to investigate the structural phase transitions of Fe1+yTe in the vicinity of a tricitical point in the phase diagram. Detailed analysis of the powder diffraction patterns and temperature dependence of the peak-widths in Fe1+yTe showed that two-step structural and magnetic phase transitions occur within the compositional range 0.11 $\leq y \leq $ 0.13. The phase transitions are sluggish indicating a strong competition between the orthorhombic and the monoclinic phases. We combine high-resolution diffraction experiments with specific heat, resistivity, and magnetization measurements and present a revised temperature-composition phase diagram for Fe1+yTe.
description: 10 pages, 14 figures
MPEC 2023-V109 : COMET C/2023 V3 (PANSTARRS)
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: COMET C/2023 V3 (PANSTARRS)

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Spin Density Matrix for $Ω^-$ and its Polarization Alignment in $ψ(3686) \to Ω^- \barΩ^+$
Creators: name: Zhang, Zhe
name: Song, Jiao Jiao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the spin density matrix of $Ω^-$ in the Cartesian coordinate system of baryon-antibaryon pairs produced in $e^{+}e^{-}$ annihilation. Using the helicity formalism of Jacob and Wick, we derive the expression for the spin-3/2 density matrices. Our analysis is based on the angular distribution of the process $e^+e^-\rightarrowψ(3686)\rightarrowΩ^-\barΩ^+$ in the BESIII experiment. By decomposing the polarization state of $Ω^-$ particles along different coordinate axes, we examine the polarization dependence of the cross-section. Our results demonstrate that $Ω^-$ particles exhibit varying degrees of tensor polarization along the x-, y-, and z-axes, as well as weak vector polarization and rank-3 tensor polarization along the y-axis. To our knowledge, this is the first study to calculate the polarization dependence of the cross-section distributions for the annihilation process $e^+e^-\rightarrowΩ^-\barΩ^+$. Our theoretical predictions are in good agreement with the experimental measurements.
title: Umriß einer Staatsverfassung für Deutschland; 1848
title: Der hohen constituirenden Nationalversammlung zu Frankfurt ehrfurchtsvoll gewidmet ; (Als Manuskript gedruckt)
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Bach, Adolf
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2018

description: In Fraktur
Three-body model calculations for N=Z odd-odd nuclei with T=0 and T=1 pairing correlations
Creators: name: Tanimura, Y.
name: Sagawa, H.
name: Hagino, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the interplay between the isoscalar (T=0) and isovector (T=1) pairing correlations in N=Z odd-odd nuclei from 14N to 58Cu by using three-body model calculations. The strong spin-triplet T=0 pairing correlation dominates in the ground state of 14N, 18F, 30P, and 58Cu with the spin-parity J^π=1+, which can be well reproduced by the present calculations. The magnetic dipole and Gamow-Teller transitions are found to be strong in 18F and 42Sc as a manifestation of SU(4) symmetry in the spin-isospin space. We also discuss the spin-quadrupole transitions in these nuclei.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures
Stellar cooling limits on light scalar boson revisited
Creators: name: Yamamoto, Yasuhiro
name: Yoshioka, Koichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit the stellar cooling limits on the light scalar boson whose coupling to the Standard Model particles is described by its mixing with the Higgs boson. Strong constraints have been obtained from the electron-nucleus bremsstrahlung process and the resonant plasma effect in the medium. We find that the bremsstrahlung contribution from the electron and nucleus scattering is of similar magnitude to the plasma mixing effect including the off-resonant mixing. The constraints on the scalar coupling are found to be about three orders of magnitude weaker than the previous evaluations. For white dwarfs, the stellar cooling constraint is even more suppressed due to the Pauli blocking effect. We obtain limits on the Higgs-scalar mixing angle of $10^{-10}-10^{-9}$ in the region where the scalar mass is lighter than about 10 keV.
description: 17 pages, 7 figures; updated figures and added some references
The Galerkin Finite Element Method for A Multi-term Time-Fractional Diffusion equation
Creators: name: Jin, Bangti
name: Lazarov, Raytcho
name: Liu, Yikan
name: Zhou, Zhi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider the initial/boundary value problem for a diffusion equation involving multiple time-fractional derivatives on a bounded convex polyhedral domain. We analyze a space semidiscrete scheme based on the standard Galerkin finite element method using continuous piecewise linear functions. Nearly optimal error estimates for both cases of initial data and inhomogeneous term are derived, which cover both smooth and nonsmooth data. Further we develop a fully discrete scheme based on a finite difference discretization of the time-fractional derivatives, and discuss its stability and error estimate. Extensive numerical experiments for one and two-dimension problems confirm the convergence rates of the theoretical results.
description: 22 pages, 4 figures
General black-hole metric mimicking Schwarzschild spacetime
Creators: name: Konoplya, R. A.
name: Zhidenko, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the general parametrization of spherically symmetric and asymptotically flat black holes in arbitrary metric theories of gravity and implying that: a) the post-Newtonian constraints are taken into account and b) basic astrophysically relevant characteristics (such as, dominant quasinormal modes, frequency at the innermost stable circular orbit, binding energy, radius of the shadow etc.) are indistinguishable from their Schwarzschild values, we propose a simple metric which depends on three independent parameters (coefficients of the parametrization). Variation of these three parameters can, nevertheless, lead to the two distinctive features. The first is the black-hole temperature, and consequently the Hawking radiation, which can differ a lot from its Schwarzschild limit. The second is the outburst of overtones which become extremely sensitive to small changes of the parameters.
description: 9 pages (REVTeX), 3 figures
Neutron star mass-radius constraints using the high-frequency QPOs of GRB 200415A
Creators: name: Sotani, H.
name: Kokkotas, K. D.
name: Stergioulas, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs) observed in a giant flare of a strongly magnetized neutron star (magnetar), are carrying crucial information for extracting the neutron star properties. The aim of the study is to constrain the mass and radius of the neutron star model for GRB 200415A, by identifying the observed QPOs with the crustal torsional oscillations together with the experimental constraints on the nuclear matter properties. The frequencies of the crustal torsional oscillations are determined by solving the eigenvalue problem with the Cowling approximation, assuming a magnetic field of about $10^{15}$G. We find that the observed QPOs can be identified with several overtones of crustal oscillations, for carefully selected combinations of the nuclear saturation parameters. Thus, we can inversely constrain the neutron star mass and radius for GRB 200415A by comparing them to the values of nuclear saturation parameters obtained from terrestrial experiments. We impose further constraints on the neutron star mass and radius while the candidate neutron star models are consistent with the constraints obtained from other available astronomical and experimental observations.
Einige Worte zu Dr. Eisenmann's Idee zu einer Teutschen Reichsverfassung, insbesondere die Ablösung der Feudallasten betreffend; 1848
Creators: name: Aufseß, Hans von und zu
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2018

description: In Fraktur
title: Vorschlag zum Vergleich der politischen Partheien; 1848
title: eine Rede an das deutsche Volk und dessen Vertreter in Frankfurt ; am 29. Juni 1848
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2018

description: In Fraktur
PMT Triggering and Readout for the MicroBooNE Experiment
Creators: name: Kaleko, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper presents the proposed PMT readout and triggering system that will be used in the MicroBooNE LArTPC experiment. The triggering scheme has been designed to study beam neutrino events as well as fully characterize cosmic rays. In addition, exploration of important physics applications including "late" scintillation light in argon and Michel electrons from muon decay will be possible. Various types of triggers and how they will be implemented in the combined PMT+TPC readout electronics system will be discussed.
description: Proceedings from the LIDINE conference at Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, June 2013
The amplitudons of dynamical stable binary cubic crystals for hot-electron cooling in BaTe, CdTe, SrTe and SnTe for enhanced photo voltaic effect
Creators: name: Ada, Tewodros Eyob
name: Nigussa, Kenate Nemera
name: Deja, Lemi Demeyu
name: Adem, Deresse Ahmed
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dynamical properties of materials determined using force constant expansions in the HIPHIVE package and density functional theory as implemented in the Gpaw code. Thermal conductivity of alkaline earth tellurides was determined, and the narrower width between amplitudons and electrical modes exhibited supersonic cooling and heat transportation, and our findings are in perfect agreement with experimental research. When compared to the other binary crystals, BaTe appears to offer the dual advantage of prolonged photon lifetime at normal temperature as well as a speedier thermo-electric converter due to the tiny gap between amplitudons and electric modes.
Dynamics and microinstabilities at perpendicular collisionless shock: A comparison of large-scale two-dimensional full particle simulations with different ion to electron mass ratio
Creators: name: Umeda, Takayuki
name: Kidani, Yoshitaka
name: Matsukiyo, Shuichi
name: Yamazaki, Ryo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Large-scale two-dimensional (2D) full particle-in-cell simulations are carried out for studying the relationship between the dynamics of a perpendicular shock and microinstabilities generated at the shock foot. The structure and dynamics of collisionless shocks are generally determined by Alfven Mach number and plasma beta, while microinstabilities at the shock foot are controlled by the ratio of the upstream bulk velocity to the electron thermal velocity and the ratio of the plasma-to-cyclotron frequency. With a fixed Alfven Mach number and plasma beta, the ratio of the upstream bulk velocity to the electron thermal velocity is given as a function of the ion-to-electron mass ratio. The present 2D full PIC simulations with a relatively low Alfven Mach number (M_A ~ 6) show that the modified two-stream instability is dominant with higher ion-to-electron mass ratios. It is also confirmed that waves propagating downstream are more enhanced at the shock foot near the shock ramp as the mass ratio becomes higher. The result suggests that these waves play a role in the modification of the dynamics of collisionless shocks through the interaction with shock front ripples.
description: 12 pages,7 figures, 1 table, Physics of Plasmas, in press; the paper with full resolution images is http://www.phys.aoyama.ac.jp/~ryo/papers/microinsta_PoP2.pdf arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1204.2539
General-relativistic radiation transport scheme in $\texttt{Gmunu}$ I: Implementation of two-moment based multi-frequency radiative transfer and code tests
Creators: name: Cheong, Patrick Chi-Kit
name: Ng, Harry Ho-Yin
name: Lam, Alan Tsz-Lok
name: Li, Tjonnie Guang Feng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the implementation of two-moment based general-relativistic multi-group radiation transport module in the $\texttt{G}$eneral-relativistic $\texttt{mu}$ltigrid $\texttt{nu}$merical ($\texttt{Gmunu}$) code. On top of solving the general-relativistic magnetohydrodynamics and the Einstein equations with conformally flat approximations, the code solves the evolution equations of the zeroth- and first-order moments of the radiations. Analytic closure relation is used to obtain the higher order moments and close the system. The finite-volume discretisation has been adopted for the radiation moments. The advection in spatial and frequency spaces are handled explicitly. In addition, the radiation-matter interaction terms, which are very stiff in the optically thick region, are solved implicitly. Implicit-explicit Runge-Kutta schemes are adopted for time integration. We test the implementation with a number of numerical benchmarks from frequency-integrated to frequency dependent cases. Furthermore, we also illustrate the astrophysical applications in hot neutron star and core-collapse supernovae modellings, and compare with other neutrino transport codes.
Stars and Black Holes from the very Early Universe
Creators: name: Dolgov, A. D.
name: Blinnikov, S. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A mechanism of creation of stellar-like objects in the very early universe, from the QCD phase transition till BBN and somewhat later, is studied. It is argued that in the considered process primordial black holes with masses above a few solar masses up to super-heavy ones could be created. This may explain an early quasar creation with evolved chemistry in surrounding medium and the low mass cutoff of the observed black holes. It is also shown that dense primordial stars can be created at the considered epoch. Such stars could later become very early supernovae and in particular high redshift gamma-bursters. In a version of the model some of the created objects can consist of antimatter.
description: 8 pages, revtex
Opposite translocation of long and short oligomers through a nanopore
Creators: name: Getfert, Sebastian
name: Töws, Thomas
name: Reimann, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider elongated cylindrical particles, modeling e.g. DNA fragments or nano-rods, while translocating under the action of an externally applied voltage through a solid state nanopore. Particular emphasis is put on the concomitant potential energy landscape, encountered by the particle on its passage through the pore due to the complex interplay of various electrohydrodynamic effects beyond the realm of small Debye lengths. We find that the net potential energy difference across the membrane may be of opposite sign for short and long particles of equal diameters and charge densities (e.g. oligomers). Thermal noise thus leads to biased diffusion through the pore into opposite directions. By means of an additional membrane gate electrode it is even possible to control the specific particle length at which this transport inversion occurs.
Biasing the quantum vacuum to control macroscopic probability distributions
Creators: name: Roques-Carmes, Charles
name: Salamin, Yannick
name: Sloan, Jamison
name: Choi, Seou
name: Velez, Gustavo
name: Koskas, Ethan
name: Rivera, Nicholas
name: Kooi, Steven E.
name: Joannopoulos, John D.
name: Soljacic, Marin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of the most important insights of quantum field theory is that electromagnetic fields must fluctuate. Even in the vacuum state, the electric and magnetic fields have a nonzero variance, leading to ubiquitous effects such as spontaneous emission, the Lamb shift, the Casimir effect, and more. These "vacuum fluctuations" have also been harnessed as a source of perfect randomness, for example to generate perfectly random photonic bits. Despite these achievements, many potential applications of quantum randomness in fields such as probabilistic computing rely on controllable probability distributions, which have not yet been realized on photonic platforms. In this work, we show that the injection of vacuum-level "bias" fields into a multi-stable optical system enables a controllable source of "biased" quantum randomness. We demonstrate this concept in an optical parametric oscillator (OPO). Ordinarily, an OPO initiated from the ground state develops a signal field in one of two degenerate phase states (0 and $π$) with equal probability. By injecting bias pulses which contain less than one photon on average, we control the probabilities associated with the two output states, leading to the first controllable photonic probabilistic bit (p-bit). We shed light on the physics behind this process, showing quantitative agreement between theory and experiment. Finally, we demonstrate the potential of our approach for sensing sub-photon level fields by showing that our system is sensitive to the temporal shape of bias field pulses far below the single photon level. Our results suggest a new platform for the study of stochastic quantum dynamics in nonlinear driven-dissipative systems, and point toward possible applications in ultrafast photonic probabilistic computing, as well as the sensing of extremely weak fields.
Exploring the CP-violating Dashen phase in the Schwinger model with tensor networks
Creators: name: Funcke, Lena
name: Jansen, Karl
name: Kühn, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We numerically study the phase structure of the two-flavor Schwinger model with matrix product states, focusing on the (1+1)-dimensional analog of the CP-violating Dashen phase in QCD. We simulate the two-flavor Schwinger model around the point where the positive mass of one fermion flavor corresponds to the negative mass of the other fermion flavor, which is a sign-problem afflicted regime for conventional Monte Carlo techniques. Our results indicate that the model undergoes a CP-violating Dashen phase transition at this point, which manifests itself in abrupt changes of the average electric field and the analog of the pion condensate in the model. Studying the scaling of the bipartite entanglement entropy as a function of the volume, we find clear indications that this transition is not of first order.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures, v2: updated to match journal version
Associations between self-compassion and sexual and relationship satisfaction in couples experiencing a recent pregnancy loss
Creators: name: Rosen, Natalie
name: Hill, Taylor
name: Allsop, David
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Clinical Psychology
subject: Health Psychology
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences

description: This pre-registration has been prepared and approved by: TGH, DBA, NOR. Date of preparation: June 5, 2022 [last edited July 12, 2022]. Document based on “Secondary Data Analysis Pre-Registration Template” on OSF (Weston et al., 2021).
Polarized Line Formation in Multi-dimensional Media. IV. A Fourier Decomposition Technique To Formulate The Transfer Equation With Angle-Dependent Partial Frequency Redistribution
Creators: name: Anusha, L. S.
name: Nagendra, K. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To explain the linear polarization observed in spatially resolved structures in the solar atmosphere, the solution of polarized radiative transfer (RT) equation in multi-dimensional (multi-D) geometries is essential. For strong resonance lines partial frequency redistribution (PRD) effects also become important. In a series of papers we have been investigating the nature of Stokes profiles formed in multi-D media including PRD in line scattering. For numerical simplicity so far we restricted our attention to the particular case of PRD functions which are averaged over all the incident and scattered directions. In this paper we formulate the polarized RT equation in multi-D media that takes into account Hanle effect with angle-dependent PRD functions. We generalize here to the multi-D case, the method of Fourier series expansion of angle-dependent PRD functions originally developed for RT in 1D geometry. We show that the Stokes source vector $\bm{S}=(S_I,S_Q,S_U)^T$ and the Stokes vector $\bm{I}=(I,Q,U)^T$ can be expanded in terms of infinite sets of components ${\tilde{\bm{\mathcal{S}}}}^{(k)}$, ${\tilde{\bm{\mathcal{I}}}}^{(k)}$ respectively, $k\in[0,+\infty)$. We show that the components ${\tilde{\bm{\mathcal{S}}}}^{(k)}$ become independent of the azimuthal angle ($φ$) of the scattered ray, whereas the components ${\tilde{\bm{\mathcal{I}}}}^{(k)}$ remain dependent on $φ$ due to the nature of RT in multi-D geometry. We also establish that ${\tilde{\bm{\mathcal{S}}}}^{(k)}$ and ${\tilde{\bm{\mathcal{I}}}}^{(k)}$ satisfy a simple transfer equation, which can be solved by any iterative method like an Approximate Lambda Iteration (ALI) or a Biconjugate-Gradient type projection method provided we truncate the Fourier series to have a finite number of terms.
Mobility enhancement in CVD-grown monolayer MoS2 via patterned substrate induced non-uniform straining
Creators: name: Kayal, Arijit
name: Dey, Sraboni
name: G., Harikrishnan
name: Nadarajan, Renjith
name: Chattopadhyay, Shashwata
name: Mitra, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The extraordinary mechanical properties of 2D TMDCs make them ideal candidates for investigating strain-induced control of various physical properties. Here we explore the role of non-uniform strain in modulating optical, electronic and transport properties of semiconducting, chemical vapour deposited monolayer MoS2, on periodically nanostructured substrates. A combination of spatially resolved spectroscopic and electronic properties explore and quantify the differential strain distribution and carrier density on a monolayer, as it conformally drapes over the periodic nanostructures. The observed accumulation in electron density at the strained regions is supported by theoretical calculations which form the likely basis for the ensuing 60x increase in field effect mobility in strained samples. Though spatially non-uniform, the pattern induced strain is shown to be readily controlled by changing the periodicity of the nanostructures thus providing a robust yet useful macroscopic control on strain and mobility in these systems.
title: Patriotische Fragen an Deutschlands Reichs- und Bundestag zu Frankfurt; 1848
title: I. Wer soll Kaiser sein? II. Wo soll der deutsche Kaiser wohnen und Reichstag halten?
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Aufseß, Hans von und zu
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2018

description: Verf. ermittelt
Pure Spinor b-ghost in a Super-Maxwell Background
Creators: name: Bakhmatov, Ilya
name: Berkovits, Nathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the pure spinor formalism for the superstring, the b-ghost is a composite operator satisfying {Q,b}=T where Q is the pure spinor BRST operator and T is the holomorphic stress tensor. The b-ghost is holomorphic in a flat target-space background, but it is not holomorphic in a generic curved target-space background and instead satisfies $\bar\partial b$ = [Q, Ω] for some Ω. In this paper, Ω is explicitly constructed for the case of an open superstring in a super-Maxwell background.
description: 20 pages
Does crop diversification reduce downside risk of external maize yield-enhancing technology? Evidence from Ethiopia
Creators: name: Jaleta, Moti
name: Merenya, Paswel
name: Beshir, Bedru
name: Erenstein, Olaf
name: Jaleta, Moti
name: Merenya, Paswel
name: Beshir, Bedru
name: Erenstein, Olaf
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: downside risk
subject: maize
subject: sustainable intensification
subject: impacts
subject: Ethiopia

description: Unexpectedly lower yield outcomes (downside risks) challenge farmers’ use of external inputs that can enhance crop productivity. Using household-level panel data collected from Ethiopia, we estimated the effects of crop diversification through maize-legume intercropping/rotation on maize yield distribution and downside risk. Results from endogenous switching regression models and quintile moment approaches show that plots with maize-legume intercropping/rotation have the highest average maize yield. Such crop diversification reduces the downside risk in maize yield more when applied to plots receiving external inputs. The results imply that, in addition to the technical support around external input use in smallholder maize production, Ethiopia’s agricultural extension may also need to give due emphasis to both spatial and temporal crop diversification practices. This could enhance crop productivity further and reduce the potential downside risks typically hampering smallholders’ external input use in maize production.
Intuitionistic Neutrosophic Soft Set
Creators: name: Said, Broumi
name: Smarandache, Florentin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Other Computer Science (cs.OH)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper we study the concept of intuitionistic neutrosophic set of Bhowmik and Pal. We have introduced this concept in soft sets and defined intuitionistic neutrosophic soft set. Some definitions and operations have been introduced on intuitionistic neutrosophic soft set. Some properties of this concept have been established.
description: 10 pages. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1305.2724
Key Observable for Linear Thermalization
Creators: name: Chiba, Yuuya
name: Shimizu, Akira
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For studies on thermalization of an isolated quantum many-body system, the fundamental issue is to determine whether a given system thermalizes or not. However, most studies tested only a small number of observables, and it was unclear whether other observables thermalize. Here, we study whether `linear thermalization' occurs for all additive observables: We consider a quantum many-body system prepared in an equilibrium state and its unitary time evolution induced by a small change $Δf$ of a physical parameter $f$ of the Hamiltonian, and examine whether \emph{all} additive observables relax to the equilibrium values in a manner fully consistent with thermodynamics up to the linear order in $Δf$. We find that the additive observable conjugate to $f$ is key for linear thermalization in that its linear thermalization guarantees, under physically reasonable conditions, linear thermalization of all additive observables. Such a linear thermalization occurs in the timescale of $\mathcal{O}(|Δf|^0)$, and lasts at least for a period of $o(1/\sqrt{|Δf|})$. We also consider linear thermalization against the change of other parameters, and find that linear thermalization of the key observable against $Δf$ guarantees its linear thermalization against small changes of any other parameters. Furthermore, we discuss the generalized susceptibilities for cross responses and their consistency between quantum mechanics and thermodynamics. We demonstrate our main result by performing numerical calculations for spin models. The present paper offers an efficient way of judging linear thermalization because it guarantees that examination of the single key observable is sufficient.
description: 28 pages, 12 figures and 1 table
On the numerical simulation of Kerr frequency combs using coupled mode equations
Creators: name: Hansson, T.
name: Modotto, D.
name: Wabnitz, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is demonstrated that Kerr frequency comb generation described by coupled mode equations can be numerically simulated using Fast Fourier Transform methods. This allows broadband frequency combs spanning a full octave to be efficiently simulated using standard algorithms, resulting in orders of magnitude improvements in the computation time.
description: 3 pages, 1 figure, submitted to Optics Communications
Self-Affine Elastic Contacts: Percolation and Leakage
Creators: name: Dapp, Wolf B.
name: Lücke, Andreas
name: Persson, Bo N. J.
name: Müser, Martin H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study fluid flow at the interfaces between elastic solids with randomly rough, self-affine surfaces. We show by numerical simulation that elastic deformation lowers the relative contact area at which contact patches percolate in comparison to traditional approaches to seals. Elastic deformation also suppresses leakage through contacts even far away from the percolation threshold. Reliable estimates for leakage can be obtained by combining Persson's contact mechanics theory with a slightly modified version of Bruggeman's effective-medium solution of the Reynolds equation.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Wie soll man wählen? oder Die Elemente der socialen Ordnung in ihrer Anwendung auf das Wahlsystem; 1848
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2018

description: Vorlageform des Erscheinungsvermerks: Augsburg, 1848. Verlag der B. Schmid'schen Buchhandlung (F. C. Kremer)
Meeting report from the Neurodata Without Borders initial meeting at HHMI’s Janelia Farm after SfN 2014
Creators: name: INCF Secretariat
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2022

description: This is the meeting report from the initial meeting of the Neurodata Without Borders project held at HHMI's Janelia Farm after the Society for Neuroscience (SfN) meeting in 2014. It was originally published as a blog post on the INCF webpage (incf.org). The author is Shreejoy Tripathy (ORCID:0000-0002-1007-9061).
title: Preußen oder Deutschland?; 1848
title: Entgegnung auf die unter dem Zeichen des Preußischen Generalstab-Chefs in der Geheimen Oberhofbuchdruckerei in Berlin gedruckte Schrift: Die deutsche Centralgewalt und die preußische Armee
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2018

description: In Fraktur