cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Unified Models of Human Behavioral Agents in Bandits, Contextual Bandits and RL
Creators: name: Lin, Baihan
name: Cecchi, Guillermo
name: Bouneffouf, Djallel
name: Reinen, Jenna
name: Rish, Irina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Artificial behavioral agents are often evaluated based on their consistent behaviors and performance to take sequential actions in an environment to maximize some notion of cumulative reward. However, human decision making in real life usually involves different strategies and behavioral trajectories that lead to the same empirical outcome. Motivated by clinical literature of a wide range of neurological and psychiatric disorders, we propose here a more general and flexible parametric framework for sequential decision making that involves a two-stream reward processing mechanism. We demonstrated that this framework is flexible and unified enough to incorporate a family of problems spanning multi-armed bandits (MAB), contextual bandits (CB) and reinforcement learning (RL), which decompose the sequential decision making process in different levels. Inspired by the known reward processing abnormalities of many mental disorders, our clinically-inspired agents demonstrated interesting behavioral trajectories and comparable performance on simulated tasks with particular reward distributions, a real-world dataset capturing human decision-making in gambling tasks, and the PacMan game across different reward stationarities in a lifelong learning setting.
description: Proceeding of HBAI 2020. This article supersedes and extends our work arXiv:1706.02897 (MAB) and arXiv:1906.11286 (RL) into the Contextual Bandit (CB) framework. It generalized extensively into multi-armed bandits, contextual bandits and RL settings to create a unified framework of human behavioral agents
Anomalous stopping of laser-accelerated intense proton beam in dense ionized matter
Creators: name: Ren, Jieru
name: Deng, Zhigang
name: Qi, Wei
name: Chen, Benzheng
name: Ma, Bubo
name: Wang, Xing
name: Yin, Shuai
name: Feng, Jianhua
name: Liu, Wei
name: Hoffmann, Dieter H. H.
name: Wang, Shaoyi
name: Fan, Quanping
name: Cui, Bo
name: He, Shukai
name: Cao, Zhurong
name: Zhao, Zongqing
name: Cao, Leifeng
name: Gu, Yuqiu
name: Zhu, Shaoping
name: Cheng, Rui
name: Zhou, Xianming
name: Xiao, Guoqing
name: Zhao, Hongwei
name: Zhang, Yihang
name: Zhang, Zhe
name: Li, Yutong
name: Wu, Dong
name: Zhou, Weimin
name: Zhao, Yongtao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ultrahigh-intensity lasers (10$^{18}$-10$^{22}$W/cm$^{2}$) have opened up new perspectives in many fields of research and application [1-5]. By irradiating a thin foil, an ultrahigh accelerating field (10$^{12}$ V/m) can be formed and multi-MeV ions with unprecedentedly high intensity (10$^{10}$A/cm$^2$) in short time scale ($\sim$ps) are produced [6-14]. Such beams provide new options in radiography [15], high-yield neutron sources [16], high-energy-density-matter generation [17], and ion fast ignition [18,19]. An accurate understanding of the nonlinear behavior of beam transport in matter is crucial for all these applications. We report here the first experimental evidence of anomalous stopping of a laser-generated high-current proton beam in well-characterized dense ionized matter. The observed stopping power is one order of magnitude higher than single-particle slowing-down theory predictions. We attribute this phenomenon to collective effects where the intense beam drives an decelerating electric field approaching 1GV/m in the dense ionized matter. This finding will have considerable impact on the future path to inertial fusion energy.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
Analyzing the Role of Agricultural Beneficiaries in Sustainable Management of Natural Resources and Environment (Case of Hamadan County)
Creators: name: Samian, Masoud
name: Movahedi, Reza
name: Ansari, Elham
name: Asadi, Masoud
name: Samian, Masoud
name: Movahedi, Reza
name: Ansari, Elham
name: Asadi, Masoud
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Agricultural beneficiaries
subject: Sustainable management
subject: Natural resources
subject: Environmental protection
subject: Hamadan city

description: The countries' economy is basically dependent on both human and the natural resources so that social development of each country depends on them directly or indirectly. Nonetheless, some problems including the rapid growth of the population, unsustainable and unplanned exploitation, and lack of public awareness of development and reclamation rules have given an increase to the degradation process of these resources. So, one of the basic requirements to achieve the sustainable agriculture and rural development is sustainability in natural resource management and its protection. It should also be noted that public participation in natural resource management plays an important role in the prevention of this destructive process. The problem propels the aim of this research to determine the measure of agriculture beneficiaries’ role and importance in sustainable management. This research is an analytical - descriptive study which has a survey approach in collecting data. The statistical population consisted of 208 agriculture beneficiaries in villages around Hamadan city. Results showed that farmers could be classified into three groups: 34 percent in unsustainable group, 54 percent in moderately sustainable group and 12 percent in sustainable group. Also, multivariate regression showed that the variables of personal, extension and education, economics, policy and institutional and social activities could explain 79 percent (R 2 = 0.791) of natural resources’ changes in agricultural sustainable management.
The Ultrastructure of the Spermatozoon of Dromidiopsis edwardsi Rathbun, 1919 (Crustacea : Brachyura : Dromiidae) : Confirmation of a Dromiid Sperm Type
Creators: name: Jamieson, Barrie G.M.
name: Tudge, Christopher
name: Scheltinga, D.M.
Publisher: name: CSIRO
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 31
subject: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Article published in: Aust. J. Zool., 1993, 41, pp. 537-548.
Additional file 1 of Transgenic conversion of ω-6 to ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids via fat-1 reduces the severity of post-traumatic osteoarthritis
Creators: name: Kimmerling, Kelly A.
name: Oswald, Sara J.
name: Huebner, Janet L.
name: Little, Dianne
name: Kraus, Virginia B.
name: Kang, Jing X.
name: Chia-Lung Wu
name: Guilak, Farshid
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 1. Supplementary methods and figures
Additional file 1 of HBI: a hierarchical Bayesian interaction model to estimate cell-type-specific methylation quantitative trait loci incorporating priors from cell-sorted bisulfite sequencing data
Creators: name: Cheng, Youshu
name: Cai, Biao
name: Li, Hongyu
name: Zhang, Xinyu
name: D’Souza, Gypsyamber
name: Shrestha, Sadeep
name: Edmonds, Andrew
name: Meyers, Jacquelyn
name: Fischl, Margaret
name: Kassaye, Seble
name: Anastos, Kathryn
name: Cohen, Mardge
name: Aouizerat, Bradley E.
name: Xu, Ke
name: Zhao, Hongyu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Figures. Supplementary figures 1-10
A three-dimensional momentum-space calculation of three-body bound state in a relativistic Faddeev scheme
Creators: name: Hadizadeh, M. R.
name: Radin, M.
name: Mohseni, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we study the relativistic effects in a three-body bound state. For this purpose, the relativistic form of the Faddeev equations is solved in momentum space as a function of the Jacobi momentum vectors without using a partial wave decomposition. The inputs for the three-dimensional Faddeev integral equation are the off-shell boost two-body $t-$matrices, which are calculated directly from the boost two-body interactions by solving the Lippmann-Schwinger equation. The matrix elements of the boost interactions are obtained from the nonrelativistic interactions by solving a nonlinear integral equation using an iterative scheme. The relativistic effects on three-body binding energy are calculated for the Malfliet-Tjon potential. Our calculations show that the relativistic effects lead to a roughly 2\% reduction in the three-body binding energy. The contribution of different Faddeev components in the normalization of the relativistic three-body wave function is studied in detail. The accuracy of our numerical solutions is tested by calculation of the expectation value of the three-body mass operator, which shows an excellent agreement with the relativistic energy eigenvalue.
Ultrastructure of the mature spermatozoon of the coconut crab Birgus latro ( Coenobitidae : Paguroidea : Decapoda)
Creators: name: Tudge, Christopher
name: Jamieson, B.G.M.
Publisher: name: Springer-Verlag
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 31
subject: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Article published in: Marine Biology 108, pp. 395- 402 (1991).
Additional file 1 of The association between food insecurity and mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic
Creators: name: Fang, Di
name: Thomsen, Michael R.
name: Nayga, Rodolfo M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1.
Role of Social Capital in Citrus Growers’ Empowerment in Sari County, Northern Iran
Creators: name: Langerodi, Mehdi Charmchian
name: Langerodi, Mehdi Charmchian
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Citrus growers
subject: empowerment
subject: social capital
subject: Sari

description: The study aimed at investigating the role of social capital in citrus growers’ empowerment in Sari County. The statistical population comprised 12 800 citrus growers in Sari County. The stratified random sampling was employed in this study in an attempt to recruit 291 individuals as prospective participants. Data collection tool was a questionnaire. In order to establish its content validity, several copies of the questionnaire were distributed among professionals and experts, their opinions on the validity of the questionnaire were polled, and the necessary adjustments were applied based on their insightful comments. Cronbach's alpha was reported as 0.87 for the questionnaire. SPSS (Ver. 16) was used for data analysis. The average social capital level and citrus growers’ empowerment were at a high level. The indices of meaning, trust, impact, competence, and self-determination ranked first to fifth among the citrus growers’ empowerment in Sari. The awareness, participation, interactions, solidarity, and social trust were prioritized from the first to the fifth among the citrus growers’ social capital in Sari. The regression analysis showed that 12.4 percent of the citrus growers’ empowerment variance was explained by social capital, and that social capital played an important role accounting for 35.6 percent of citrus growers’ empowerment.
Additional file 1 of Population structure and uropathogenic potential of extended-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant Escherichia coli from retail chicken meat
Creators: name: Buberg, May Linn
name: Mo, Solveig Sølverød
name: Sekse, Camilla
name: Sunde, Marianne
name: Wasteson, Yngvild
name: Witsø, Ingun Lund
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics

description: Additional file 1.
Brane-world cosmological perturbations: a covariant approach
Creators: name: Maartens, Roy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The standard cosmological model, based on general relativity with an inflationary era, is very effective in accounting for a broad range of observed features of the universe. However, the ongoing puzzles about the nature of dark matter and dark energy, together with the problem of a fundamental theoretical framework for inflation, indicate that cosmology may be probing the limits of validity of general relativity. The early universe provides a testing ground for theories of gravity, since gravitational dynamics can lead to characteristic imprints on the CMB and other cosmological observations. Precision cosmology is in principle a means to constrain and possibly falsify candidate quantum gravity theories like M theory. Generalized Randall-Sundrum brane-worlds provide a phenomenological means to test aspects of M theory. I outline the 1+3-covariant approach to cosmological perturbations in these brane-worlds, and its application to CMB anisotropies.
description: Based on a talk at the Brane-world Gravity Workshop, Yukawa Institute, Jan 2002. 17 pages, 4 figures
Graphs with polynomially many minimal separators
Creators: name: Abrishami, Tara
name: Chudnovsky, Maria
name: Dibek, Cemil
name: Thomassé, Stéphan
name: Trotignon, Nicolas
name: Vušković, Kristina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We show that graphs that do not contain a theta, pyramid, prism, or turtle as an induced subgraph have polynomially many minimal separators. This result is the best possible in the sense that there are graphs with exponentially many minimal separators if only three of the four induced subgraphs are excluded. As a consequence, there is a polynomial time algorithm to solve the maximum weight independent set problem for the class of (theta, pyramid, prism, turtle)-free graphs. Since every prism, theta, and turtle contains an even hole, this also implies a polynomial time algorithm to solve the maximum weight independent set problem for the class of (pyramid, even hole)-free graphs.
The recession, austerity measures and health
Creators: name: Trevisan, Filippo
name: Curl, Angela
name: Kearns, Ade
name: Ellaway, Anne
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: GoWell is a planned ten-year research and learning programme that aims to investigate the impact of investment in housing, regeneration and neighbourhood renewal on the health and wellbeing of individuals, families and communities. This paper summarises key findings from a qualitative study investigating the relationships between financial difficulties and health.
X-ray emission from Saturn
Creators: name: Ness, J. -U.
name: Schmitt, J. H. M. M.
name: Wolk, S. J.
name: Dennerl, K.
name: Burwitz, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the first unambiguous detection of X-ray emission originating from Saturn with a Chandra observation, duration 65.5 ksec with ACIS-S3. Beyond the pure detection we analyze the spatial distribution of X-rays on the planetary surface, the light curve, and some spectral properties. The detection is based on 162 cts extracted from the ACIS-S3 chip within the optical disk of Saturn. We found no evidence for smaller or larger angular extent. The expected background level is 56 cts, i.e., the count rate is (1.6 +- 0.2) 10^-3 cts/s. The extracted photons are rather concentrated towards the equator of the apparent disk, while both polar caps have a relative photon deficit. The inclination angle of Saturn during the observation was -27 degrees, so that the northern hemisphere was not visible during the complete observation. In addition, it was occulted by the ring system. We found a small but significant photon excess at one edge of the ring system. The light curve shows a small dip twice at identical phases, but rotational modulation cannot be claimed at a significant level. Spectral modeling results in a number of statistically, but not necessarily physically, acceptable models. The X-ray flux level we calculate from the best-fit spectral models is 6.8 10^-15 erg/cm^2/s (in the energy interval 0.1-2keV), which corresponds to an X-ray luminosity of 8.7 10^14 erg/s. A combination of scatter processes of solar X-rays requires a relatively high albedo favoring internal processes, but a definitive explanation remains an open issue.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
General chiral gauge theories on the lattice
Creators: name: Kerler, Werner
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We still extend the large class of Dirac operators decribing massless fermions on the lattice found recently, only requiring that such operators decompose into Weyl operators. After deriving general relations and constructions of operators, we study the basis representations of the chiral projections. We then investigate correlation functions of Weyl fermions for any value of the index, stressing the related conditions for basis transformations and their consequences, and getting the precise behaviors under gauge transformations and CP transformations. Various further developments include considerations of the explicit form of the effective action and of a representation of the general correlation functions in terms of alternating multilinear forms. For comparison we also consider gauge-field variations and their respective applications. Finally we compare with continuum perturbation theory.
description: 35 pages; v2: Section 9.3 replaced by new Section 10, version to appear in Nucl. Phys. B
Farming Techniques, Environmental Challenges, and Technical Efficiency of Sweet Potato Production in Abia State, Nigeria
Creators: name: Ehirim, Nnamdi
name: Onyeagocha, Stephen
name: Ben-Chendo, Glory
name: Essien, Ubon
name: Osuji, Emeka
name: Okwara, Melissa
name: Ehirim, Nnamdi
name: Onyeagocha, Stephen
name: Ben-Chendo, Glory
name: Essien, Ubon
name: Osuji, Emeka
name: Okwara, Melissa
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Farm Management
subject: Environment
subject: Technology
subject: Efficiency
subject: Sweet potato production
subject: Stochastic Frontier
subject: Abia State

description: Viable sweet potato production is hard to achieve with indiscriminate use of farm inputs, resulting to wastage and environmental damages, as consequences are common problems of arable crop farming in Abia State. Issues arising from farm input use and their corresponding implications for environment called for a study on suitable farming practices and farm-specific technical efficiency for optimal resource use in sweet potato production in Abia State. Data were obtained from 156 sweet potatoe farmers through a multistage sampling technique using a structured questionaire. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics such as mean, relative frequency distribution, and the stochastic production frontier. Results showed that using inorganic fertilizer (65.378%) under rainfed production system with a frequent bush burning (66.67%) and low liming (5.8%) were very common practices with leaching, fragile soil, erosion, flooding, and soil acidity as consequences. Mixed cropping (63.46%) with improved varieties like TIS 8164 (71.2%) and 0087 (64.1%) were copping measures to some environmental challenges. Maximum Likelihood Estimates (MLE) showed a decreasing return to a scale of 0.236. The implication is that an increase in farm size and fertilizer application can significantly lead to a less than 0.06538 and 0.08142 proportionate increase in output of sweet potato respectively, or reduces it by less than 0.00413, with interest on borrowed capital. The gamma (0.0403) was less than unity and was significant at p < 0.05, implying that about 4.30% discripancies in observed and frontier output was due to technical inefficiencies of sweet potato farmers. The wide disparity in farmers’ technical efficiencies ranged from 0.298% to 99.4%, and a mean of 47.1% suggested a need to bridge the gap. Hence, a reduction in household size, farming experience, and sourcing of planting materials from NRCRI or IITA is believed to increase farmers’ technical inefficiency, which can be reduced with age and formal educational level of sweet Potato farmers in the area. All in all, the results suggest that reducing bush burning but increasing liming as well as including organic soil ammendments and irrigation practicies, when combined with the use of young and educated farmers, can reduce environmental damages and also increase farmers’ technical efficiency when it comes to sweet potato production in the area.
Schmidiella Veldk. 2018, gen. nov.
Creators: name: Veldkamp, Jan-Frits
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Liliopsida
Poales
Poaceae
Schmidiella

description: Schmidiella Veldk., gen. nov.
 Annuae. Ligula series puberula. Inflorescentia spica espatheata contracta solitaria simplex glabra, axe triquetro tenaci spicula terminato. Spiculae sessiles lateraliter appressae, lateraliter complanatae. Callus obtusus. Glumae desunt. Lemma 3- vel 5-nervatum arista subapicali recta simplici. Rhachillae processus deest. Palea 1-nervata. Lodiculae desunt. Stamina 2, antherae terminaliter exsertae. Stigma 1, terminaliter exsertum. Caryopsis tereta linearis dorsaliter sulcata laevis.
 TYPE SPECIES. — Schmidiella maxwellii Veldk., sp. nov.
DISTRIBUTION. — Laos.
 ETYMOLOGY. — Named for Dr Maurice Schmid (1922- hodie), former Inspecteur général de Recherches de l’ORSTOM, agronomist, botanist (Indochinese Gramineae, New Caledonian Myrsinaceae, Phyllanthaceae) at the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Phanérogamie, Paris, France, in thankful recognition of his “Flore agrostologique de l’Indochine”. See also http:// www.academieoutremer.fr/academiciens/fiche.php?aId=57 (biography, portr.).
DESCRIPTION
Annual. Ligule a row of hairs. Inflorescence an espatheate, contracted, solitary, simple, glabrous spike, common axis triquetrous, tenuous, ending in a spikelet. Spikelets sessile, laterally appressed. laterally flattened. Callus obtuse. Glumes absent. Lemma 3- or 5-nerved with a subapical, straight, simple awn. Rachilla process absent. Palea 1-nerved. Lodicules absent. Stamens 2, anthers exserting terminally. Stigma 1, exserting terminally. Caryopsis terete, linear, dorsally sulcate, smooth.
description: Published as part of Veldkamp, Jan-Frits, 2018, Schmidiella Veldk., gen. nov., an enigmatic new genus of Gramineae from Laos, pp. 55-58 in Adansonia (3) (3) 40 (4) on page 56, DOI: 10.5252/adansonia2018v40a4, http://zenodo.org/record/4602073
Complex conformal spin partial wave expansion of generalized parton distributions and distribution amplitudes
Creators: name: Müller, D.
name: Schäfer, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a new representation of generalized parton distributions and generalized distribution amplitudes that is based on the partial wave decomposition with respect to the complex collinear conformal spin. This decomposition leads us to a versatile parameterization of these non-perturbative functions in terms of conformal moments, which are measurable for integer value on the lattice. This new representation has several advantages: basic properties and crossing relations are automatically implemented, a rather flexible parameterization is possible, the numerical treatment of evolution is simple and analytic approximation of scattering amplitudes can be given. We demonstrate this for simple examples. In particular, phenomenological considerations indicate that the t-dependence of Mellin moments is governed by Regge trajectories. The new representation is vital to push the analysis of deeply virtual Compton scattering to next-to-next-to-leading order.
description: 66 pages, 11 figures, 1 table
The recession, austerity measures and health
Creators: name: Trevisan, Filippo
name: Curl, Angela
name: Kearns, Ade
name: Ellaway, Anne
Publisher: name: University of Glasgow
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 44
subject: Human society

description: GoWell is a planned ten-year research and learning programme that aims to investigate the impact of investment in housing, regeneration and neighbourhood renewal on the health and wellbeing of individuals, families and communities. This paper summarises key findings from a qualitative study investigating the relationships between financial difficulties and health.
Global Physics: From Percolation to Terrorism, Guerilla Warfare and Clandestine Activities
Creators: name: Galam, Serge
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The September 11 attack on the US has revealed an unprecedented terrorism with worldwide range of destruction. It is argued to result from the first worldwide percolation of passive supporters. They are people sympathetic to the terrorism cause but without being involved with it. They just don't oppose it in case they could. This scheme puts suppression of the percolation as the major strategic issue in the fight against terrorism. Acting on the population is shown to be useless. Instead a new strategic scheme is suggested to increase the terrorism percolation threshold and in turn suppress the percolation. The relevant associated space is identified as a multi-dimensional social space including both the ground earth surface and all various independent flags displayed by the terrorist group. Some hints are given on how to shrink the geographical spreading of terrorism threat. The model apply to a large spectrum of clandestine activities including guerilla warfare as well as tax evasion, corruption, illegal gambling, illegal prostitution and black markets.
description: 17 pages, 7 figures, Proceedings of the International Workshop Randomness And Complexity in honor of Shlomo Havlin's 60th birthday held in January 2003, Eilat, Israel
Rural Development Factors with an Emphasis on the Role of Cooperatives in Guilan Province, Iran
Creators: name: Asdaghpoor, Hussein
name: Amiri, Zahra
name: Asdaghpoor, Hussein
name: Amiri, Zahra
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: International Development
subject: Development indices
subject: Cooperation
subject: Numerical taxonomy
subject: Rural economics
subject: Rural management

description: Rural development is a process involving local people in solving their problems. As a strategy designed to improve the social and economic well-being of rural populations, rural development undoubtedly supports nation-wide development in a country like Iran with a rural-based society. The constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran stipulates that rural development should be viewed as a key function of the government. This paper aims to determine factors that constitute rural development in Guilan Province (North of Iran). The present study examined 75 rural development indices derived from official documents. They were then standardized and classified according to six factorsusing the numerical taxonomy approach:humanresources, infrastructure costs, socio-cultural costs, economic performance, location and natural resources, and rural management. Share of each factor was rated by statistical analysis. The results of the analysis showed a negligible change in rural management and economic costs,whileother factors remained constant and no change was made to the impact status and rank of the six factors germane to rural development. The studies recommends revising the economic structure and rural management of the province based on cooperatives.
Additional file 1 of The national rate of intensive care units-acquired infections, one-year retrospective study in Iran
Creators: name: Izadi, Neda
name: Eshrati, Babak
name: Mehrabi, Yadollah
name: Korosh Etemad
name: Seyed-Saeed Hashemi-Nazari
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases

description: Additional file 1: Appendix 1. ICU-acquired infections rate per 1000 patients and 1000 patient-days by hospital affiliation in Iran hospitals-2018. Appendix 2. ICU-acquired infections rate per 1000 patient-days by hospital performance indicators in Iran hospitals-2018. Appendix 3. ICU-acquired infections rate per 1000 patients and 1000 patient-days by the province in Iran hospitals-2018.
Additional file 5 of BRD4 inhibitor reduces exhaustion and blocks terminal differentiation in CAR-T cells by modulating BATF and EGR1
Creators: name: Sui, Songnan
name: Zhong, Mengjun
name: Zhong, Shuxin
name: Peng, Xueting
name: Mao, Lipeng
name: Chen, Cunte
name: Zeng, Chengwu
name: Luo, Oscar Junhong
name: Li, Yangqiu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: Supplementary Material 5
An Investigation of the Factors Influencing Entrepreneurial Intention of Senior Agricultural Students at Shiraz University, Iran
Creators: name: Masoomi, Ehsan
name: Zamani, Naser
name: Bazrafkan, Khadijeh
name: Akbari, Mohammadreza
name: Masoomi, Ehsan
name: Zamani, Naser
name: Bazrafkan, Khadijeh
name: Akbari, Mohammadreza
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession
subject: agricultural students
subject: attitude toward entrepreneurship
subject: entrepreneurial intention

description: The increasing number of students graduating in agricultural majors and the limited employment opportunities supplied by the government suggest the importance of developing students’ entrepreneurship competencies and improving their entrepreneurial intentions. Therefore, it is necessary to identify factors influencing students’ entrepreneurial intentions. The purpose of this survey was to determine the extent of entrepreneurial intention among senior agricultural students and to identify the main factors influencing their intentions. Research population comprised all senior agricultural students who were studying at Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran. A sample of 196 students was selected through stratified random sampling. A questionnaire was developed to gather data. Face validity was verified by agricultural extension and education experts. Cronbach’s alphas ranged from 0.66 to 0.87 indicating good reliability. SPSSwin19 was employed to analyze the data. Results revealed that subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, and attitude toward entrepreneurship strongly correlated with students’ entrepreneurial intentions. Regression results indicated that students’ attitude toward entrepreneurship could explain 40 percent of changes in their entrepreneurial intentions. In the end, suggestions and possible solutions were provided based on the research findings.
Poa L.
Creators: name: Olovona, Marina V.
name: Nikolin, E. G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Liliopsida
Poales
Poaceae
Poa

description: Genus Poa L.
This genus contains about 500species,distributed mostly in extratropical regions of both hemispheres (Clayton& Renvoize1986).
 TYPUS. — Poa pratensis L.
description: Published as part of Olovona, Marina V. & Nikolin, E. G., 2018, Bluegrasses (Poa L., Poaceae) of Sakha (Yakutia) Republic, an annotated checklist, pp. 89-102 in Adansonia (3) (3) 40 (7) on page 91, DOI: 10.5252/adansonia2018v40a7, http://zenodo.org/record/4602087
Additional file 1 of The malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum in red blood cells selectively takes up serum proteins that affect host pathogenicity
Creators: name: Tougan, Takahiro
name: Jyotheeswara R. Edula
name: Morita, Masayuki
name: Takashima, Eizo
name: Honma, Hajime
name: Tsuboi, Takafumi
name: Horii, Toshihiro
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Fig. S1. Schematic illustration of the two procedures for serum preparation. Fig. S2. Serum proteins in RBCs infected with rodent malarial parasite in vivo. Confocal microscopy images showing the localization of vitamin K-dependent protein S (protein S), prothrombin, and vitronectin (red), and DNA (blue) in the RBCs of mice infected with the rodent malarial parasite Plasmodium yoelii in vivo. All samples were fixed with the methanol fixation method. Primary [anti-protein S pAb, anti-prothrombin pAb, anti-vitronectin pAb, or rabbit IgG antibody (control; Catalogue number: 30000-0-AP from Proteintech, Rosemont, IL, USA)] and secondary (anti-rabbit IgG-Alex Flour594) antibodies were suitably diluted (1:200) and used. Images were captured using a BZ-X710 fluorescence microscope (Keyence, Osaka, Japan). “Rabbit IgG” refers to the isotype control antibody. Arrows and arrowheads indicate the iRBCs and non-iRBCs, respectively. The scale bar represents 5 µm. Fig. S3. Serum proteins in RBCs infected with the CDC1 and W2 strains. (a) CDC1 strain. (b) W2 strain. These strains were cultured under the same conditions as those for the 3D7 strain. (Left panels) Serum proteins in the lysate of iRBCs cultured in NCS- or PDS-containing medium. Samples were collected using the precipitation method. (Right panels) Serum proteins in NCS and PDS. The asterisk indicates the putative degradation product. Fig. S4. Confirmation of the generation of Factor Xa for coagulation. Western blotting analysis of Factor Xa, the activated form of Factor X. No signal corresponding to Factor Xa (estimated molecular weight of approximately 28.5 kDa) was detected by anti-Factor Xa pAb (ab111171; Abcam) even when the blot was overexposed. The intensity of the image of Factor X shown in Fig. 5c (i) has been increased. The asterisk indicates the putative degradation product.
Neutrino quantum decoherence engendered by neutrino radiative decay
Creators: name: Stankevich, Konstantin
name: Studenikin, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new theoretical framework, based on the quantum field theory of open systems applied to neutrinos, has been developed to describe the neutrino evolution in external environments accounting for the effect of the neutrino quantum decoherence. The developed new approach enables one to obtain the explicit expressions of the decoherence and relaxation parameters that account for a particular process, in which the neutrino participates, and also for the characteristics of an external environment and of the neutrino itself, including the neutrino energy. We have used this approach to consider a new mechanism of the neutrino quantum decoherence engendered by the neutrino radiative decay to photons and dark photons in an astrophysical environment. The importance of the performed studies is highlighted by the prospects of the forthcoming new large volume neutrino detectors that will provide new frontier in high-statistics measurements of neutrino fluxes from supernovae.
description: 8 pages in LaTex, accepted for publication in Physical Review D
Das Bild der geistigen Behinderung im deutschen Volksmärchen
Creators: name: Guggenheimer, Emanuel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Sonderpädagogik
geistige Behinderung
Märchen
Masterarbeit

description: Die vorliegende Arbeit widmet sich der geistigen Behinderung im Märchen. Nach einer allgemein gehaltenen, an der Literaturwissenschaft angelehnten Einleitung in das deutsche Volksmärchen wird das Menschenbild im Märchen skizziert, anschliessend wird das Bild von Menschen mit einer Behinderung im Märchen geschildert.
 Danach nähern wir uns über verschiedene Ansätze der Märchenforschung der Deutung des Psychologen Carl Gustav Jung und des Soziologen Ernst Bloch an. Jung widmet sich in seinem Ansatz vor allem den Archetypen, während Bloch primär nach den Hoffnungen der Menschen fragt. Anschliessend werden die Deutungsweisen von Jung und Bloch auf drei ausgewählte Märchen angewendet. Im empirischen Teil dieser Arbeit werden die erwähnten Märchen drei Schülern vorgelesen. Ihre eigenen Deutungen der Märchen werden anhand einer qualitativen Inhaltsanalyse ausgewertet. In den Schülerdeutungen kommen eigene Themen zur Sprache, wie Liebe oder der Wunsch, der Normalität zu entsprechen. Weiter wird eruiert, inwiefern die Aussagen der Schüler mit den Ergebnissen der Märchenforschung übereinstimmen. Hier kommt vor allem bei der Schilderung von persönlichen Erlebnissen Archetypisches hervor. Und die Wünsche der Schüler an die handelnden Personen lassen auf Hoffnungen in Bloch’schem Sinne schliessen.
Poa lanata Scribn. & Merr.
Creators: name: Olovona, Marina V.
name: Nikolin, E. G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Liliopsida
Poales
Poaceae
Poa
Poa lanata

description: 4. Poa lanata Scribn. & Merr.
 In Contributions from the United States National Herbarium 13 (3): 72, table 16 (1910). — Tzvelev, Arctic Flora of the USSR 2: 126 (1964); Grasses of the USSR: 453 (1976).
 TYPUS. — “ Aleuten Islands, Dutch Harbor, spent a few hours ascending the mountain (about 1800 ft high) near the wharf, 17 Jul 1899, F.V. Coville et T.H. Kearney, No 2191” (US-376421) (Soreng et al. 2003: 543). — Sandy and pebble banks of rivers and streams: Kol.
GENERAL DISTRIBUTION. — Rus. Far East, N Amer.
description: Published as part of Olovona, Marina V. & Nikolin, E. G., 2018, Bluegrasses (Poa L., Poaceae) of Sakha (Yakutia) Republic, an annotated checklist, pp. 89-102 in Adansonia (3) (3) 40 (7) on page 91, DOI: 10.5252/adansonia2018v40a7, http://zenodo.org/record/4602087
New Matter Effects and BBN Constraints for Mass Varying Neutrinos
Creators: name: Weiner, Neal
name: Zurek, Kathryn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The presence of light (m_a ~ 10^-6 ev) scalar fields in the early universe can modify the cosmology of neutrinos considerably by allowing their masses to vary on cosmological times. In this paper, we consider the effect of Planck-suppressed couplings of this scalar to electrons and show that such couplings can easily make new sterile states thermally inaccessible in the early universe, preserving the successes of big bang nucleosynthesis predictions. We consider the circumstances under which these effects give the proper initial conditions for recently considered models of neutrino dark energy, and consider limits from tests of the equivalence principle. The parameters which satisfy cosmological constraints naturally give rise to interesting signals in terrestrial neutrino oscillation experiments.
description: 6 pages. References added, minor modifications
Additional file 1 of Precision therapeutic targets for COVID-19
Creators: name: Krumm, Zachary A.
name: Lloyd, Grace M.
name: Francis, Connor P.
name: Lith H. Nasif
name: Mitchell, Duane A.
name: Golde, Todd E.
name: Giasson, Benoit I.
name: Yuxing Xia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 1: Supplemental Table 1: Table of therapies that target the spike protein and ACE2 binding.
Schmidiella maxwellii Veldk. 2018, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Veldkamp, Jan-Frits
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Liliopsida
Poales
Poaceae
Schmidiella
Schmidiella maxwellii

description: Schmidiella maxwellii Veldk., sp. nov.
(Fig. 1)
 Caespitosus, culmi ad 20 cm alti nodis glabris. Laminae erectopatentes rigidae persistentes ad 12 cm longae 0.5 mm in diam., glabrae, costa nervis subaequales, margines involuti, apex acutus. Spiculae proterandrae lineares 4.8-5.5 mm longae c. 0.5 mm latae, callo glabro, nervis si 5 lateralibus arte approximatis, apice acuto, arista 2-4.5 mm longa antrorse scaberula. Palea plicata lanceolata 4.5-5 mm longa acuta. Antherae lineares c. 3 mm longae. Caryopsis c. 3 mm longa 0.4 mm lata.
 TYPUS. — Laos. Savannakhet Prov., Champhone Distr., Huay So(u)y Reservoir, N. side of the Don Yaeng island, elevation 125 m. 20-IV-2007, Maxwell 07-164 (holo-, L [L3963931]; iso-, CMU).
DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT. — Laos, only known from the type collection. Open, sandy, dry area, seasonally submerged, in deciduous hardwood forested area.
ETYMOLOGY. — In memory of the collector, my good friend the late James F. Maxwell (1945-2015).
DESCRIPTION
 Culms caespitose, up to 20 cm tall, nodes glabrous. Blades erecto-patent, rigid, persistent, up to 12 cm by 0.5 m in diam., glabrous, nerves subequal to the midrib, margins involute, apex acute. Spikelets protandrous, linear, 4.8-5.5 by c. 0.5 mm, callus glabrous, nerves when 5 close to the lateral ones, apex acute, awn 2-4.5 mm long, antrorsely scaberulous. Palea folded, lanceolate, 4.5-5 mm long, acute. Anthers linear, c. 3 mm long. Caryopsis c. 3 by 0.4 mm.
COLLECTOR’ S NOTES
Annual. Matted, densely clustered. Culms pale green. Leaves dull pale green on both sides. Spikelets pale green, turning stramineous. Awns whitish.
description: Published as part of Veldkamp, Jan-Frits, 2018, Schmidiella Veldk., gen. nov., an enigmatic new genus of Gramineae from Laos, pp. 55-58 in Adansonia (3) (3) 40 (4) on page 56, DOI: 10.5252/adansonia2018v40a4, http://zenodo.org/record/4602073
Radio-optical flux behavior and spectral energy distribution of the intermediate blazar GC 0109+224
Creators: name: Ciprini, Stefano
name: Tosti, Gino
name: Teräsranta, Harri
name: Aller, Hugh D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: About twenty years of radio observations in five bands (from 4.8 to 37 GHz) of the BL Lac object GC 0109+224 (S2 0109+22, RGB J0112+227), are presented and analysed together with the optical data. Over the past ten years this blazar has exhibited enhanced activity. There is only weak correlation between radio and optical flares delays, usually protracted on longer timescales in the radio with respect to the optical. In some cases no radio flare counterpart was observed for the optical outbursts. The radio variability, characterised by peaks superposition, shows hints of some characteristic timescales (around the 3-4 years), and a fluctuation mode between the flickering and the shot noise. The reconstructed spectral energy distribution, poorly monitored at high energies, is preliminarily parameterised with a synchrotron-self Compton description. The smooth synchrotron continuum, peaked in the near-IR-optical bands, strengthens the hypothesis that this source could be an intermediate blazar. Moreover the intense flux in millimetre bands, and the optical and X-ray brightness, might suggest a possible detectable gamma-ray emission.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures, 2 tables. Typeset with a LaTex2e-AMSLaTex code prepared by the author (using mn2e class, and natbib, hyperref, graphicx, packages). Accepted for publication in MNRAS
The study of the incoming parton energy loss effect on the NLO nuclear Drell-Yan ratios
Creators: name: Song, Li-Hua
name: Xin, Shang-Fei
name: Zhang, Yin-Jie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: At a next-to-leading order calculation, the initial-state energy loss of the quark is investigated by means of the Drell-Yan experimental data including the new E906 measurements. Furthermore, the incoming gluon energy loss effect embedded in the Compton scattering subprocess of the nuclear Drell-Yan process is also examined. The next-to-leading order computations for Drell-Yan ratios are carried out with the SW quenching weights (provided by Salgado and Wiedemann to evaluate the probability distribution that quark (gluon) loses the energy), as well as the nuclear parton distributions (obtained by only fitting the existing experimental data on nuclear structure functions). It is found that the obtained calculations that consider the incoming quark energy loss agree well with the experimental data particularly for E906 data. In addition, the incoming gluon energy loss embodied in the primary next-to-leading order Compton scattering subprocess is not obvious, which may be due to the form of the Drell-Yan differential cross section ratio as a function of the quark momentum fraction ($R_{A_{1}/A_{2}}(x_{1},x_{2},x_{F})$) minimizes the influence of the QCD next-to-leading order correction.
Conjugating time and frequency : hemispheric specialization, acoustic uncertainty, and the mustached bat
Creators: name: Washington, Stuart D.
name: Tillinghast, John S.
Publisher: name: Frontiers in Neuroscience
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 3209
subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
classificationCode: 49
subject: Mathematical sciences

description: Article published in: Frontiers in Neuroscience, Volume 9, Article 143, April 2015.
Additional file 4 of You don’t have the guts: a diverse set of fungi survive passage through Macrotermes bellicosus termite guts
Creators: name: Bos, Nick
name: Guimaraes, Leandro
name: Palenzuela, Romen
name: Justinn Renelies-Hamilton
name: Maccario, Lorrie
name: Silue, Simon Kolotchèlèma
name: N.’Golo Abdoulaye Koné
name: Poulsen, Michael
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics

description: Additional file 4: Figure S1. ASV rarefaction curves for both amplicon sequencing sample sets. Figure S2. Relative abundance of the top 15 genera found in all collected foraging sites, including samples where no Macrotermes bellicosus foragers were found (see Additional file 4: Table S1 for details per foraging site, and Additional file 1: Table S2 for the full dataset). Figure S3. a) Relative abundance of the 10 most abundant genera present in fungus combs freshly collected from three colonies of M. bellicosus, showing vast dominance by Termitomyces. b) Relative abundance of the 10 most abundant non-Termitomyces genera present in freshly-collected combs of three colonies of M. bellicosus (see Additional file 1: Table S2 for the full dataset).