cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Horizontal Evaluation: Stimulating social learning among peers
Creators: name: Thiele, Graham
name: Devaux, Andre
name: Velasco, Claudio
name: Manrique, Kurt
name: Thiele, Graham
name: Devaux, Andre
name: Velasco, Claudio
name: Manrique, Kurt
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: ILAC
subject: social
subject: Learning
subject: Evaluation
subject: horizontal

description: Horizontal evaluation is a flexible evaluation method that combines self-assessment and external review by peers. We have developed and applied this method for use within an Andean regional network that develops new methodologies for research and development (R&D). The involvement of peers neutralizes the lopsided power relations that prevail in traditional external evaluations, creating a more favourable atmosphere for learning and improvement. The central element of a horizontal evaluation is a workshop that brings together a group of ‘local participants’ who are developing a new R&D methodology and a group of ‘visitors’ or ‘peers’ who are also interested in the methodology. The workshop combines presentations about the methodology with field visits, small group work and plenary discussions. It elicits and compares the perceptions of the two groups concerning the strengths and weaknesses of the methodology; it provides practical suggestions for improvement, which may often be put to use immediately; it promotes social learning among the different groups involved; and it stimulates further experimentation with and development of the methodology in other settings.
Engaging Scientists Through Institutional Histories
Creators: name: Shambu Prasad, C
name: Hall, Andrew
name: Thummuru, Laxmi
name: Shambu Prasad, C
name: Hall, Andrew
name: Thummuru, Laxmi
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: innovation
subject: institutional
subject: history
subject: research

description: An institutional history is a narrative that records key points about how institutional arrangements – new ways of working – evolve over time creating more effective ways to achieve goals. It can be used to document institutional innovations in projects and to highlight barriers to change. An institutional history draws out and synthesizes lessons for research organizations and partners as well as for others in similar circumstances.
Classical-quantum correspondence for two-level pseudo-Hermitian systems
Creators: name: Raimundo, K.
name: Baldiotti, M. C.
name: Fresneda, R.
name: Molina, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, a classical-quantum correspondence for two-level pseudo-Hermitian systems is proposed and analyzed. We show that the presence of a complex external field can be described by a pseudo-Hermitian Hamiltonian if there is a suitable canonical transformation that links it to a real field. We construct a covariant quantization scheme which maps canonically related pseudoclassical theories to unitarily equivalent quantum realizations, such that there is a unique metric-inducing isometry between the distinct Hilbert spaces. In this setting, the pseudo-Hermiticity condition for the operators induces an involution which guarantees the reality of the corresponding symbols, even for the complex field case. We assign a physical meaning for the dynamics in the presence of a complex field by constructing a classical correspondence. As an application of our theoretical framework, we propose a damped version of the Rabi problem and determine the configuration of the parameters of the setup for which damping is completely suppressed. The experimental viability of the proposal is studied within a specific context. We suggest that the main theoretical results developed in the present work could be experimentally verified.
description: 19 pages, 1 figure
A Method for the Detection of Planetary Transits in Large Time-Series Datasets
Creators: name: Weldrake, David T. F
name: Sackett, Penny D
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a fast, efficient and easy to apply computational method for the detection of planetary transits in large photometric datasets. The code has been specifically produced to analyse an ensemble of 21,950 stars in the globular cluster 47 Tucanae, the results of which are the subject of a separate paper. Using cross correlation techniques and Monte Carlo tested detection criteria, each time-series is compared with a large database of appropriate transit models. The algorithm recovers transit signatures with high efficiency while maintaining a low false detection probability, even in noisy data. This is illustrated by describing its application to our 47 Tuc dataset, for which the algorithm produced a weighted mean transit recoverabilty spanning 85% to 25% for orbital periods of 1-16 days despite gaps in the time series caused by weather and observing duty cycle. The code is easily adaptable and is currently designed to accept time-series produced using Difference Imaging Analysis.
description: 28 pages, 12 figures. Accepted and 'in press' for ApJ. Higher resolution versions for both this paper and astro-ph/0411233 are available at http://www.mso.anu.edu.au/~dtfw
Evaluación Horizontal: Estimulando el aprendizaje social entre “pares”
Creators: name: Thiele, Graham
name: Devaux, Andre
name: Velasco, Claudio
name: Manrique, Kurt
name: Thiele, Graham
name: Devaux, Andre
name: Velasco, Claudio
name: Manrique, Kurt
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: evaluación
subject: horizontal

description: La evaluación horizontal es un método flexible de evaluación que combina la autoevaluación y una revisión externa por "pares". Hemos desarrollado este método para utilizarlo en una red regional en los Andes que desarrolla nuevas metodologías de investigación y desarrollo (I + D). La participación de "pares" neutraliza las relaciones de poder asimétricas que prevalecen en las evaluaciones externas tradicionales, creándose una atmósfera más favorable para aprender y mejorar. El elemento central de una evaluación horizontal es un taller que reúne a un grupo de "participantes locales", quienes están desarrollando y aplicando una nueva metodología de I + D, y a un grupo de "visitantes" o "pares" interesados en dicha metodología. El taller combina presentaciones sobre la metodología "en estudio", visitas de campo, trabajo en grupo y discusiones en plenaria. El método suscita y compara las percepciones de los dos grupos con respecto a las fortalezas y debilidades de la metodología y provee sugerencias prácticas para mejorarlo, que a menudo se ponen en práctica inmediatamente; promueve el aprendizaje social entre los grupos involucrados y estimula la investigación más a fondo y el desarrollo de la metodología en otros entornos.
Additional file 6 of Analysis of structural variants in four African cichlids highlights an association with developmental and immune related genes
Creators: name: Penso-Dolfin, Luca
name: Man, Angela
name: Tarang Mehta
name: Haerty, Wilfried
name: Palma, Federica Di
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 6: Supplementary file 5. ARRIVE checklist.
Contribution analysis: An approach to exploring cause and effect
Creators: name: Mayne, John
name: Mayne, John
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: performance
subject: contribution analysis
subject: outcomes

description: Questions of cause and effect are critical to assessing the performance of programmes and projects. When it is not practical to design an experiment to assess performance, contribution analysis can provide credible assessments of cause and effect. Verifying the theory of change that the programme is based on, and paying attention to other factors that may influence the outcomes, provides reasonable evidence about the contribution being made by the programme.
Parametrization of the angular distribution of Cherenkov light in air showers
Creators: name: Arbeletche, Luan
name: de Souza, Vitor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Cherenkov light produced in air showers largely contributes to the signal observed in ground-based gamma-ray and cosmic-ray observatories. Yet, no description of this phenomenon is available covering both regions of small and large angles to the shower axis. To fill this gap, a parametrization of the angular distribution of Cherenkov photons is performed in terms of a physically-motivated parametric function. Model parameters are constrained using simulated gamma-ray and proton showers with energies in the TeV to EeV region. As a result, a new parametrization is obtained that improves the precision of previous works. Results presented here can be used in the reconstruction of showers with imaging Cherenkov telescopes as well as in the reconstruction of shower profiles with fluorescence detectors.
Collective Paths Connecting the Oblate and Prolate Shapes in 68Se and 72Kr Suggested by the Adiabatic Self-Consistent Collective Coordinate Method
Creators: name: Kobayasi, M.
name: Nakatsukasa, T.
name: Matsuo, M.
name: Matsuyanagi, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By means of the adiabatic self-consistent collective coordinate method and the pairing-plus-quadrupole interaction, we have obtained the self-consistent collective path connecting the oblate and prolate local minima in 68Se and 72Kr for the first time. The self-consistent collective path is found to run approximately along the valley connecting the oblate and prolate local minima in the collective potential energy landscape. This result of calculation clearly indicates the importance of triaxial deformation dynamics in oblate-prolate shape coexistence phenomena.
description: 24 pages including 5 figures
Trust that binds : the influence of collective felt trust on responsibility norms and organizational outcomes
Creators: name: Deutsch Salamon, Sabrina
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Significant attention has been dedicated to understanding the determinants for and the consequences of trusting another. Yet, extant literature provides little insight into whether, and how, the extent to which individuals' attitudes and behavior are impacted by how much they believe they are trusted by others. Drawing predominantly on social exchange and social identity theories, I developed and empirically tested a model of how employees respond to the extent they perceive to be trusted by management. In this model, employees' collective felt trust was expected to affect engagement in productive and counterproductive behaviors through its effect on the responsibility norms that develop among employees. A large retail organization with 88 operationally independent plants throughout Canada took part in this study. The data was collected from two sources: survey data from employees working in these plants, and archival records of the company. Survey data was collected at two points in time, a year apart. 3683 employees completed the survey in the first wave, and 4751 employees completed the survey in the second wave. Overall, the results support the contention that employees' collective felt trust affects both responsibility norms and organizational outcomes. As expected, collective felt trust was positively related to productive behaviors (organizational performance and prosocial behavior). Some support was obtained to the prediction that collective felt trust hinders counter-productive behavior. Lower absenteeism rates were present in plants with higher collective felt trust, however no relationship was found between employees' collective felt trust and shrinkage rates of the plants. Some support was found to the prediction that responsibility norms mediated the collective felt trust-organizational outcomes relationship. Responsibility norms mediated the relationship between collective felt trust and performance.
Implications of the XENON1T Excess on the Dark Matter Interpretation
Creators: name: Alhazmi, Haider
name: Kim, Doojin
name: Kong, Kyoungchul
name: Mohlabeng, Gopolang
name: Park, Jong-Chul
name: Shin, Seodong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dark matter interpretation for a recent observation of excessive electron recoil events at the XENON1T detector seems challenging because its velocity is not large enough to give rise to recoiling electrons of $\mathcal{O}({\rm keV})$. Fast-moving or boosted dark matter scenarios are receiving attention as a remedy for this issue, rendering the dark matter interpretation a possibility to explain the anomaly. We investigate various scenarios where such dark matter of spin 0 and 1/2 interacts with electrons via an exchange of vector, pseudo-scalar, or scalar mediators. We find parameter values not only to reproduce the excess but to be consistent with existing bounds. Our study suggests that the scales of mass and coupling parameters preferred by the excess can be mostly affected by the type of mediator, and that significantly boosted dark matter can explain the excess depending on the mediator type and its mass choice. The method proposed in this work is general, and hence readily applicable to the interpretation of observed data in the dark matter direct detection experiment.
description: 17 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables. Comments are welcome
Dynamics, Stability, and Foresight in the Shapley-Scarf Housing Market
Creators: name: Kamijo, Yoshio
name: Kawasaki, Ryo
name: Kamijo, Yoshio
name: Kawasaki, Ryo
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: Indivisible Goods Market
subject: Dynamics
subject: Competitive Allocation
subject: Strict Core
subject: Foresight
subject: Stable Set

description: While most of the literature starting with Shapley and Scarf (1974) have considered a static exchange economy with indivisibilities, this paper studies the dynamics of such an economy. We find that both the dynamics generated by competitive equilibrium and the one generated by weakly dominance relation, converge to a set of allocations we define as strictly stable, which we can show to exist. Moreover, we show that even when only pairwise exchanges between two traders are allowed, the strictly stable allocations are attained eventually if traders are sufficiently farsighted.
HOW TO CREATE A HUMAN SUPER CIVILIZATION1
Creators: name: Antonov, A.
Publisher: name: Sciences of Europe
Year: 2021
Subjects: imaginary numbers
special theory of relativity
dark matter
dark energy
dark space
invisible universes
Multiverse
Hyperverse
super-civilization
super-intelligence
technological singularity

description: The article proves that the existing version of the special theory of relativity (STR), based on the postulated principle of non-exceeding the speed of light, is incorrect. Therefore, an alternative version of STR, based on the experimentally proven principle of the physical reality of imaginary numbers, is proposed. And from the alternative version of STR follows the existence of invisible universes with their own super-civilizations. Therefore, attempts to establish contacts with extraterrestrial super-civilizations of our visible universe as a result of flights to the Moon and Mars or as a result of the detection of their activity in other star systems thousands of light years from Earth are unnecessary, since the inhabitants of super-civilizations are also on Earth. They even send us messages, for example in the form of so-called ‘crop circles’. But since we were not intellectually advanced enough to read these messages, our human civilization did not interest them. And any of our contacts with them, apart from their desire, are impossible. Therefore, the way out of this situation is to transform the existing human civilization into super-civilization through the creation and use of human-computer super-intelligence.
Modulating transmission properties of nanoscale transistors by dipole effects near contacts
Creators: name: Yang, Li
name: Wu, Jian
name: Duan, Wenhui
name: Gu, Bing-Lin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically demonstrate that a dipole layer on the electrode can modulate the transmission properties of nanoscale devices by influencing the contact properties, through first principles simulations on carbon nanotube based field effect transistors. The dipole layer is realized by potassium adsorption on Au electrodes, which shifts the electrostatic potential at the near contact region significantly. The dipoles parallel to the direction of the bias voltage may act as a supplement to the effect of gate voltages, while the perpendicular dipoles may modify the interface barrier of the contacts.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures, submitted to PRL
Additional file 1 of Supporting women who develop poor postnatal mental health: what support do fathers receive to support their partner and their own mental health?
Creators: name: Mayers, Andrew
name: Hambidge, Sarah
name: Bryant, Olivia
name: Arden-Close, Emily
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Online questionnaire.
The Economic Valuation of Marine Ecosystems
Creators: name: Nunes, Paulo A.L.D.
name: Ding, Helen
name: Markandya, Anil
name: Nunes, Paulo A.L.D.
name: Ding, Helen
name: Markandya, Anil
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Economic Valuation
subject: Marine Ecosystem
subject: Millennium Ecosystem Assessment Approach
subject: Europe

description: In a democratic system, policy makers have to take the preferences of the citizens into account. Since we live in a world with scarce resources, one is asked to make choices regarding the use and management of these resources. In this context, if policy makers decide to invest in the protection of marine ecosystems, less financial resources will be available for other policy areas, for example national health. Moreover, the investment in the protection of marine ecosystems brings along with it the provision of a wide range of benefits to humans though most are not priced in the existing markets – for example climate regulation and provision of habitat for biodiversity. Given that most human activities are priced in one way or other, in some decision contexts, the temptation exists to downplay or ignore these important marine ecosystem benefits on the basis of the non-existence of prices. The simple and simplistic idea in the minds of many policymakers is that a lack of prices is equivalent to a lack of values. Clearly, this is a biased perspective. Against this background, this paper explores the motivation for an economic valuation of this complex resource. The state-of-the-art economic valuation methodologies follow the guidelines proposed by the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment, taking into account the existing scientific knowledge on the functioning of marine ecosystems, marine ecosystem goods and services and its impacts on human welfare. Finally, we critically review some economic valuation studies, arguing that the economic valuation of marine ecosystem services and biodiversity can make sense if and only if important guidelines are observed.
Meson spectroscopy from holomorphic probes on the warped deformed conifold
Creators: name: Kuperstein, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study D7 brane probes holomorphically embedded in the Klebanov-Strassler model. Analyzing the $κ$-symmetry condition for D7 branes wrapping a 4-cycle of a deformed conifold we find configurations that do not break N=1 supersymmetry of the background. We compute the fluctuations of the probe around one of these configurations and obtain the spectrum of vector and scalar flavored mesons in the dual gauge theory. The spectrum is discrete and exhibits a mass gap.
description: 22 pages, JHEP style, 2 figures
title: Investigating oral communication in EFL classrooms: a case study of a Higher Education Institution in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Creators: name: AlQurashi, Hassan
Publisher: name: University of Reading
Year: 2023

description: This study investigates the factors that affect oral communication in English as Foreign Language classrooms at City University in Saudi Arabia. The concept ‘oral communication’ in this study refers to the ability of learners to listen effectively and speak fluently using the correct use of language structure, that is, syntax, grammar and vocabulary, resulting in successful communication. The study investigated the nature of and reasons for the oral communication difficulties experienced in English as Foreign Language classrooms in the university. These issues were addressed in terms of teaching and learning with the aim of improving the learning experiences of students in English as Foreign Language courses at the university. This is a qualitative study. For data collection, I used a triangulation method. The data have been obtained through focus group discussions followed by individual interviews. The study included 33 participants: 30 students of English language, and three teachers from the department of English language. For my data analysis, I adopted a modified grounded theory approach of data analysis. The results of the analysis indicate that the factors that affect participants’ willingness to communicate are grouped under two main types: external and internal. Internal factors relate to the students themselves, i.e. their behaviours and nature, whereas the external factors are caused by something outside them. Internal factors include language proficiency, motivation, and culture and psychological factors including confidence and shyness. The external factors include classroom management (class time and students’ number), teacher’s role (opportunity, teaching aids and topic relevancy), and teaching methods. It also includes first language use and code-switching. The main purpose of this study is to contribute to our knowledge and understanding of the factors that affect oral communication in English as Foreign Language classrooms at the university and to contribute to increasing our understanding of students’ reticence to participate orally in English as Foreign Language classrooms. The results of this study are intended to help to provide teachers, decision makers and course designers at the university with knowledge about teaching oral communication skills in English as Foreign Language classrooms.
Additional file 1 of The effect of an in-school versus after-school delivery on students’ social and motivational outcomes in a technology-based physical activity program
Creators: name: McDavid, Lindley
name: Parker, Loran Carleton
name: Weiling Li
name: Bessenbacher, Ann
name: Randolph, Anthony
name: Harriger, Alka
name: Harriger, Brad
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Student Survey.
Uncertainty Quantification in Classical Molecular Dynamics
Creators: name: Wan, Shunzhou
name: Sinclair, Robert C.
name: Coveney, Peter V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Molecular dynamics simulation is now a widespread approach for understanding complex systems on the atomistic scale. It finds applications from physics and chemistry to engineering, life and medical science. In the last decade, the approach has begun to advance from being a computer-based means of rationalising experimental observations, to producing apparently credible predictions for a number of real-world applications within industrial sectors such as advanced materials and drug discovery. However, key aspects concerning the reproducibility of the method have not kept pace with the speed of its uptake in the scientific community. Here, we present a discussion of uncertainty quantification for molecular dynamics simulation designed to endow the method with better error estimates that will enable the method to be used to report actionable results. The approach adopted is a standard one in the field of uncertainty quantification, namely using ensemble methods, in which a sufficiently large number of replicas are run concurrently, from which reliable statistics can be extracted. Indeed, because molecular dynamics is intrinsically chaotic, the need to use ensemble methods is fundamental and holds regardless of the duration of the simulations performed. We discuss the approach and illustrate it in a range of applications from materials science to ligand-protein binding free energy estimation.
description: 33 pages, 3 figures
Classical randomness in quantum measurements
Creators: name: D'Ariano, Giacomo Mauro
name: Presti, Paoloplacido Lo
name: Perinotti, Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Similarly to quantum states, also quantum measurements can be "mixed", corresponding to a random choice within an ensemble of measuring apparatuses. Such mixing is equivalent to a sort of hidden variable, which produces a noise of purely classical nature. It is then natural to ask which apparatuses are "indecomposable", i. e. do not correspond to any random choice of apparatuses. This problem is interesting not only for foundations, but also for applications, since most optimization strategies give optimal apparatuses that are indecomposable. Mathematically the problem is posed describing each measuring apparatus by a positive operator-valued measure (POVM), which gives the statistics of the outcomes for any input state. The POVM's form a convex set, and in this language the indecomposable apparatuses are represented by extremal points--the analogous of "pure states" in the convex set of states. Differently from the case of states, however, indecomposable POVM's are not necessarily rank-one, e. g. von Neumann measurements. In this paper we give a complete classification of indecomposable apparatuses (for discrete spectrum), by providing different necessary and sufficient conditions for extremality of POVM's, along with a simple general algorithm for the decomposition of a POVM into extremals. As an interesting application, "informationally complete" measurements are analyzed in this respect. The convex set of POVM's is fully characterized by determining its border in terms of simple algebraic properties of the corresponding POVM's.
description: 8 pages, RevTex4
(In)Efficient Management of Interacting Environmental Bads
Creators: name: Kuosmanen, Timo
name: Laukkanen, Marita
name: Kuosmanen, Timo
name: Laukkanen, Marita
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: climate change
subject: cost-benefit analysis
subject: eutrophication
subject: multiple pollutants
subject: optimal environmental policy
subject: pollution control

description: Many environmental problems involve the transformation of multiple harmful substances into one or more damage agents much in the same way as a firm transforms inputs into outputs. Yet environmental management differs from a firm’s production in one important respect: while a firm seeks efficient input allocation to maximize profit, an environmental planner allocates abatement efforts to render the production of damage agents as inefficient as possible. We characterize a solution to the hmultiple pollutants problem and show that the optimal policy is often a corner solution, in which abatement is focused on a single pollutant. Corner solutions may arise even in well-behaved problems with concave production functions and convex damage and cost functions. Furthermore, even concentrating on a wrong pollutant may yield greater net benefits than setting uniform abatement targets for all harmful substances. Our general theoretical results on the management of flow and stock pollutants are complemented by two numerical examples illustrating the abatement of eutrophying nutrients and greenhouse gases.
Mixed Morrey spaces and their applications to partial differential equations
Creators: name: Ragusa, M. A.
name: Scapellato, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, new classes of functions are defined. These spaces generalize Morrey spaces and give a refinement of Lebesgue spaces. Some embeddings between these new classes are also proved. Finally, the authors apply these classes of functions to obtain regularity results for solutions of partial differential equations of parabolic type.
description: Nonlinear Analysis
Unified treatment and classification of superintegrable systems with integrals quadratic in momenta on a two dimensional manifold
Creators: name: Daskaloyannis, C.
name: Ypsilantis, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 0H06 (Primary); 37J35 (Secondary)

description: In this paper we prove that the two dimensional superintegrable systems with quadratic integrals of motion on a manifold can be classified by using the Poisson algebra of the integrals of motion. There are six general fundamental classes of superintegrable systems. Analytic formulas for the involved integrals are calculated in all the cases. All the known superintegrable systems are classified as special cases of these six general classes.
description: LaTeX, 72 pages. Extended version of the published version in JMP
Large gyro-orbit model of ion velocity distribution in plasma near a wall in a grazing-angle magnetic field
Creators: name: Geraldini, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A model is presented for the ion distribution function in a plasma at a solid target with a magnetic field $\vec{B}$ inclined at a small angle, $ α\ll 1$ (in radians), to the target. Adiabatic electrons are assumed, requiring $α\gg\sqrt{Zm_{\rm e}/m_{\rm i}} $ where $m_{\rm e}$ and $m_{\rm i}$ are the electron and ion mass respectively, and $Z$ is the charge state of the ion. An electric field $\vec{E}$ is present to repel electrons, and so the characteristic size of the electrostatic potential $ϕ$ is set by the electron temperature $T_{\rm e}$, $eϕ\sim T_{\rm e}$, where $e$ is the proton charge. An asymptotic scale separation between the Debye length, $λ_{\rm D}=\sqrt{ε_0 T_{\text{e}}/e^2 n_{\text{e}}}$, the ion sound gyroradius $ρ_{\rm s}=\sqrt{ m_{\rm i}(ZT_{\rm e}+T_{\rm i})}/(ZeB)$, and the size of the collisional region $d_{\rm c} = αλ_{\rm mfp}$ is assumed, $λ_{\rm D} \ll ρ_{\rm s} \ll d_{\rm c}$. Here $ε_0$ is the permittivity of free space, $n_{\rm e}$ is the electron density, $T_{\rm i}$ is the ion temperature, $B= |\vec{B}|$ and $λ_{\rm mfp}$ is the collisional mean free path of an ion. The form of the ion distribution function is assumed at distances $x$ from the wall such that $ρ_{\rm s} \ll x \ll d_{\rm c}$. A self-consistent solution of $ϕ(x)$ is required to solve for the ion trajectories and for the ion distribution function at the target. The model presented here allows to bypass the numerical solution of $ϕ(x)$ and results in an analytical expression for the ion distribution function at the target. It assumes that $τ=T_{\rm i}/(ZT_{\rm e})\gg 1$, and ignores the electric force on the ion trajectory until close to the target. For $τ\gtrsim 1$, the model provides a fast approximation to energy-angle distributions of ions at the target. These can be used to make sputtering predictions.
description: 30 pages, 7 figures
Informal Finance: A Theory of Moneylenders
Creators: name: Madestam, Andreas
name: Madestam, Andreas
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: Credit Markets
subject: Financial Development
subject: Institutions
subject: Market Structure

description: I study the coexistence of formal and informal finance in underdeveloped credit markets. While weak institutions constrain formal banks, shallow pockets hamper informal lenders. In such economies, informal finance has two effects. By increasing the investment return it decreases borrowers’ relative payoff following default, inducing banks to lend more liberally (disciplinary effect). By channeling bank capital it reduces banks’ agency costs from lending directly to borrowers, limiting banks’ extension of borrower credit (rent-extraction effect). Among other things, the model shows that informal interest rates are higher, borrower welfare lower, and informal finance more prevalent when the rent-extraction effect prevails, consistent with stylized facts in poor societies.
Triggered drug release from thermosemsitive liposomes
Creators: name: Ickenstein, Ludger Markus
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Targeted delivery of anticancer drugs by delivery devices such as thermosensitive liposomes promises to increase the efficacy of drugs while decreasing their side effects. The objectives of the present thesis were to characterize a lysolipid-containing thermosensitive liposomal formulation (LTSL) of the antineoplastic agent doxorubicin (DOX) and to determine its drug release mechanisms and efficacy in mice bearing multidrug resistant (MDR) tumors. It was hypothesized that lysolipids accumulate at membrane grain boundaries leading to physical alterations of the membrane and rapid drug release at the liposome's phase transition temperature (T[sub C]). This property was hypothesized to be beneficial in the use of LTSL encapsulated with DOX (LTSL-DOX) in combination with tumor hyperthermia against MDR tumors overexpressing Pglycoprotein (PGP) by overcoming PGP-mediated drug efflux from tumor cells. At temperatures of 41 and 42 °C, drug release rates of LTSL were approximately 100-times faster than those of traditional thermosensitive liposomes. Membrane redistribution patterns of a fluorescent label resembling lysolipid and the membrane retention of radiolabeled lysolipids indicated that lysolipids accumulated in LTSL membrane regions over time and lysolipids did not dissociate from LTSL after phase transition in vitro. Cryogenic electron microscopy images revealed the formation of membrane discs in heated LTSL and this process was dependent on the degree of phospholipid hydrolysis. The mean plasma half-life of DOX in mice after LTSL-DOX administration was 0.67 h and lysolipids dissociated rapidly from LTSL after in vivo exposure. In mice bearing MDA435/LCC6[sup MDR1] tumors, the efficacy of LTSL-DOX in combination with hyperthermia was similar to that of free DOX with or without tumor hyperthermia treatment. It was concluded that the velocity of drug release from LTSL at temperatures close to their T[sub C] was unsurpassed by any other known triggered drug release mechanism. After intravenous administration however, DOX retention in LTSL was insufficient to allow for tumor drug accumulation and the rapid dissociation of lysolipids from LTSL compromized their superior drug release properties observed in vitro. These shortcomings of the LTSL-DOX formulation and the choice of the DOX-insensitive tumor model were considered responsible for the lack of improved efficacy of the LTSL-DOX treatment in mice bearing MDA435/LCC6[sup MDR1] tumors as compared to free DOX administration.
Additional file 1 of Differences in alexithymia, emotional awareness, and facial emotion recognition under conditions of self-focused attention among women with high and low eating disorder symptoms: a 2 x 2 experimental study
Creators: name: Wal, Jillon S. Vander
name: Kauffman, Alicia A.
name: Soulliard, Zachary A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Supplement Table 1. Main effect comparisons between disordered eating groups (anovas). Supplement Table 2. Main effect comparisons between disordered eating groups controlling for depression. Supplement Table 3. Main effect comparisons between SFA and n-SFA groups controlling for depression. Supplement Table 4. Interactions between disordered eating group and self-focused attention controlling for depression.
Average UV Quasar Spectra in the Context of Eigenvector 1: A Baldwin Effect Governed by Eddington Ratio?
Creators: name: Bachev, R.
name: Marziani, P.
name: Sulentic, J. W.
name: Zamanov, R.
name: Calvani, M.
name: Dultzin-Hacyan, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present composite UV spectra for low redshift Type 1 AGN binned to exploit the information content of the Eigenvector 1 (E1) parameter space. Composite spectra allow a decomposition of the CIV1549 line profile - one of the strongest high-ionization lines. The simplest CIV decomposition into narrow (NLR), broad (BLR) and very broad (VBLR) components suggests that different components have an analog in Hb with two major exceptions. VBLR emission is seen only in population B (FWHM(Hb)>4000 km/s) sources. A blue shifted/asymmetric BLR component is seen only in pop. A (FWHM(Hb)<4000 km/s) HIL such as CIV. The blueshifted component is thought to arise in a wind or outflow. Our analysis suggests that such a wind can only be produced in pop. A (almost all radio-quiet) sources where the accretion rate is relatively high. Comparison between broad UV lines in radio-loud (RL) and radio-quiet (RQ) sources shows few significant differences. Clear evidence is found for a narrow CIV component in most radio-loud sources. We find also some indirect indications that the black hole (BH) spin, rather than BH mass or accretion rate is a key trigger in determining whether an object will be RL or RQ. We find a ten-fold decrease in EW CIV with Eddington ratio (decreasing from ~1 to \~0.01) while NV shows no change. These trends suggest a luminosity-independent "Baldwin effect" where the physical driver may be the Eddington ratio.
description: 39 pages, 6 figures. To appear in ApJ
Single-Photon Stored-Light Interferometry
Creators: name: Jiao, Yuechun
name: Spong, Nicholas L. R.
name: Hughes, Oliver D. W.
name: So, Chloe
name: Ilieva, Teodora
name: Weatherill, Kevin J.
name: Adams, Charles S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate a single-photon stored-light interferometer, where a photon is stored in a laser-cooled atomic ensemble in the form of a Rydberg polariton with a spatial extent of $10 \times1\times1μm^3$. The photon is subject to a Ramsey sequence, i.e. `split' into a superposition of two paths. After a delay of up to 450 ns, the two paths are recombined to give an output dependent on their relative phase. The superposition time of 450 ns is equivalent to a free-space propagation distance of 135 m. We show that the interferometer fringes are sensitive to external fields, and suggest that stored-light interferometry could be useful for localized sensing applications.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures; Small changes to figure locations
Environmental Policy, Spatial Spillovers and the Emergence of Economic Agglomerations
Creators: name: Kyriakopoulou, Efthymia
name: Xepapadeas, Anastasios
name: Kyriakopoulou, Efthymia
name: Xepapadeas, Anastasios
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Agglomeration
subject: Spatial Economics
subject: Environmental Policy
subject: Knowledge Spillovers
subject: Transportation Cost

description: We explain the spatial concentration of economic activity, in a model of economic geography, when the cost of environmental policy - which is increasing in the concentration of emissions - and an immobile production factor act as centrifugal forces, while positive knowledge spillovers and iceberg transportation costs act as centripetal forces. We study the agglomeration effects caused by trade-offs between centripetal and centrifugal forces. The above effects govern firms’ location decisions and as a result, they define the distribution of economic activity across space. We derive the rational expectations equilibrium and the social optimum, compare the outcomes and characterize the optimal spatial policies.
Additional file 3 of Development of the WHO Antenatal Care Recommendations Adaptation Toolkit: a standardised approach for countries
Creators: name: Barreix, Maria
name: Lawrie, Theresa A.
name: Kidula, Nancy
name: Tall, Fatim
name: Bucagu, Maurice
name: Chahar, Ram
name: Tunçalp, Özge
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 3. Instruction Manual for the WHO Antenatal Care Recommendations Adaptation Toolkit.
SYSTEM OF ORGANIZATION AND COORDINATION OF LEGAL AWARENESS ACTIVITIES OF INTERNAL AFFAIRS BODIES
Creators: name: Yuldashev, Iqboljon
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: The article reflects the concept of legal advocacy, which is one of the important areas of legal support activities of internal affairs bodies, its legal basis and essence, organizational and legal forms of implementing legal advocacy, and the rights and obligations of the sectoral branches of internal affairs bodies in raising legal awareness and legal culture in society.
Coastal Zone Management in the Mediterranean: Legal and Economic Perspectives
Creators: name: Markandya, Anil
name: Arnold, S.
name: Cassinelli, Mariaester
name: Taylor, Tim J.
name: Markandya, Anil
name: Arnold, S.
name: Cassinelli, Mariaester
name: Taylor, Tim J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Coastal Zone Management
subject: Legislation
subject: Littoral
subject: Mediterranean
subject: Recreation

description: This paper examines existing measures taken to protect the coastal zones of the Mediterranean Sea and assesses their success. A summary of the main pressures facing these zones is given, followed by an analysis of the legislation covering coastal zone development in ten countries: Algeria, Croatia, Egypt, France, Israel, Italy, Malta, Spain, Tunisia and Turkey. We find that not all of these states have legislation specifically covering coastal zones, but there is concern in all areas that the legislation is not working, We also look at the costs and benefits of controlling coastal development. Firstly, a literature review of valuation studies identifies a range of values placed on developed and undeveloped coastline for both users and local property owners. These values were then used in a model to evaluate policy options to control development of a stretch of coastline. The model indicates that a stricter control regime of coastal development may provide significant benefits.
Survey # 1045
Creators: name: Institut Für Demoskopie Allensbach
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2021

description: Favorability of young adults (1); youth focused too much on entertainment (1); self-service shop (4); knowledge of brand name (2); magazine lending services (2); activities in past week (7); letter and cards (5); chocolates (1); birthday in last four weeks (1); magazines read (1); support for Konrad Adenauer's policies (1); West German foreign policy (1); relationship with America or Russia more important (1); Russians or Americans winning world war (1); topics discussed (1); rent prices (1); most important cities for world trade (2); South Tirol (3); going to movies (3); second television channel (12); community TV antenna (12); TV programs (4); obtaining TV set (1); channel controversy (2); TV infomercial (2); listening to radio (1); radio advertisements (7); Radio Luxembourg (8); newspapers read (3); German reunification (1); reunification contingent on Eastern Zone being free (1); brand recognition (11); dishwashing and detergents (13); making own clothes (1).
Cultural Identity and Knowledge Creation in Cosmopolitan Cities
Creators: name: Ottaviano, Gianmarco I.P.
name: Prarolo, Giovanni
name: Ottaviano, Gianmarco I.P.
name: Prarolo, Giovanni
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Cultural Identity
subject: Cosmopolitan City
subject: Productivity

description: We study how the city system is affected by the possibility for the members of the same cultural diaspora to interact across different cities. In so doing, we propose a simple two- city model with two mobile cultural groups. A localized externality fosters the productivity of individuals when groups interact in a city. At the same time, such interaction dilutes cultural identities and reduces the consumption of culture-specific goods and services. We show that the two groups segregate in different cities when diaspora members find it hard to communicate at distance whereas they integrate in multicultural cities when communication is easy. The model generates situations in which segregation is an equilibrium but is Pareto dominated by integration.