cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Variance bounding Markov chains
Creators: name: Roberts, Gareth O.
name: Rosenthal, Jeffrey S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60J10 (Primary) 65C40, 47A10 (Secondary)

description: We introduce a new property of Markov chains, called variance bounding. We prove that, for reversible chains at least, variance bounding is weaker than, but closely related to, geometric ergodicity. Furthermore, variance bounding is equivalent to the existence of usual central limit theorems for all $L^2$ functionals. Also, variance bounding (unlike geometric ergodicity) is preserved under the Peskun order. We close with some applications to Metropolis--Hastings algorithms.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/07-AAP486 the Annals of Applied Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aap/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
IL PLURILINGUISMO NELLO SPORT: IL CASO DELL’UDINESE CALCIO
Creators: name: Baldo, Gianluca
Publisher: name: Italiano LinguaDue
Year: 2021

description: Nell’era delle migrazioni lo stadio non può essere semplicemente considerato come una parte della città dove ogni settimana migliaia di tifosi si incontrano per incoraggiare le rispettive squadre. È nondimeno un luogo di contatto linguistico tra i calciatori, l’allenatore, gli arbitri, i giornalisti e tutti i professionisti qualificati coinvolti in ogni singola partita. Nel 2017/2018 l’Udinese Calcio, una squadra piuttosto popolare e famosa nel campionato italiano, è un caso ben rappresentativo della situazione con il suo quasi 80% di giocatori non nativi. Il presente contributo offre una sintetica analisi dei repertori linguistici della squadra, insieme a una riflessione sulla natura dell’italiano utilizzato in campo e allo stadio. Gli obiettivi sono sia quello di raggiungere una migliore comprensione dei bisogni linguistici dei giocatori, qui considerati come potenziali studenti di italiano L2, sia definire alcune delle specificità della lingua da presentare in classe. Multilingualism in sports: the case of Udinese Calcio In the age of migration, stadiums cannot simply be considered a place where thousands of supporters meet every week to cheer for their respective teams. It is also a place for linguistic contact between players, coaches, referees, journalists and other skilled professionals involved in every single match. In 2017/2018 Udinese Calcio – a popular, well-known team in the Italian major league –well represented this situation, with almost 80% non-native players. This paper offers a brief analysis of the linguistic repertoires of the team, together with a reflection on the nature of the Italian spoken on the pitch and in the stadium. The objectives are both to achieve a better understanding of the linguistic needs of the players, considered as potential students of Italian L2, and to define some of the specificities of the language to teach in class.
description: Italiano LinguaDue, V. 12 N. 2 (2020)
Additional file 1 of Endoscopic negative pressure therapy as stand-alone treatment for perforated duodenal diverticulum: presentation of two cases
Creators: name: Wichmann, Dörte
name: Jansen, Kai Tobias
name: Onken, Flurina
name: Stüker, Dietmar
name: Zerabruck, Emanuel
name: Werner, Christoph R.
name: Yurttas, Can
name: Thiel, Karolin
name: Königsrainer, Alfred
name: Quante, Markus
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1. Analysis of existing literature.
L’ITALIANO LINGUA FRANCA NEL CALCIO. IL CASO DELL’ATALANTA BERGAMASCA CALCIO
Creators: name: Colombo, Sara
Publisher: name: Italiano LinguaDue
Year: 2021

description: Il presente contributo si propone di indagare quale sia la lingua franca usata nelle interazioni dall’Atalanta B.C., una delle squadre di Serie A dal più marcato profilo multietnico e multilinguistico. L’analisi qualitativa del corpus, costituito da interviste strutturate a calciatori e a membri dello staff, ha evidenziato la coesistenza di due lingue franche: l’italiano e l’inglese, aventi differenti funzioni. Inoltre, è emerso che la scelta della lingua franca dipende da due fattori: fattore contestuale e fattore personale. Il fattore personale è preponderante su quello contestuale, cosicché la lingua franca viene scelta non in base al luogo/contesto, ma in base agli interlocutori coinvolti – ad eccezione della partita, l’unico caso in cui il fattore personale non è determinante per la scelta della lingua franca (che è solo l’italiano). Infine, la lingua usata con determinate persone non è sempre la stessa, ma varia a seconda della presenza di altri interlocutori e delle lingue da questi conosciute, nel rispetto del criterio di comprensibilità. Italian as lingua franca in a soccer team. The case of Atalanta Bergamasca Calcio This paper aims to investigate the lingua franca used by Atalanta B.C., one of the teams in the Italian major league (Serie A) with the highest multiethnic and multilingual profile. The qualitative analysis of our corpus, consisting in structured interviews with soccer players and staff members, pointed out that there are two linguae francae, Italian and English, each one having a different function. Moreover, we found that the choice of the lingua franca depended on two factors: a contextual and a personal factor. The personal factor was stronger with respect to the contextual one, so the choice of the lingua franca depended on the parties involved, and not on the context – the only exception being the match, where the personal factor was not of decisive importance regarding the choice of the lingua franca (where only Italian was used). Finally, the rule “one person-one language” does not work if, in the interaction, there are people who do not understand the language, based on a criterion of mutual understanding.
description: Italiano LinguaDue, V. 12 N. 2 (2020)
COMPETENZA LINGUISTICA, COMPETENZA PRAGMATICA E COMPETENZA INTERAZIONALE NELLE PROTESTE DI APPRENDENTI DI ITALIANO LINGUA SECONDA
Creators: name: Vedder, Ineke
Publisher: name: Italiano LinguaDue
Year: 2021

description: L’articolo mette a confronto i risultati di due studi che sono stati condotti nell’ambito della pragmatica acquisizionale e del TBLT (Task-based language learning and teaching). Entrambi gli studi si concentrano sull’acquisizione in italiano dei modificatori e dei segnali discorsivi nei reclami nel discorso orale, da parte di parlanti di L1 di lingua olandese. I dati sono stati raccolti sulla base di due serie di role plays in cui il grado di familiarità tra gli interlocutori (basso vs alto) era stato manipolato. Lo studio 1, indaga, in particolare, gli effetti di un corso multimediale online in autoapprendimento sull’acquisizione della pragmatica e sull’impiego di modificatori interni ed esterni da parte di sei studenti universitari con un livello intermedio di conoscenza della lingua italiana (B1-B2). Lo studio 2 esamina il rapporto tra competenza linguistica e competenza pragmatica, in termini di utilizzo dei modificatori, dei segnali discorsivi e delle strategie pragmatiche da parte di diciannove studenti di L2 di italiano, con diversi livelli di competenza (B1-B2 vs C1-C2). Linguistic competence, pragmatic competence and interactional competence in the protests of second language Italian learners The present paper compares the findings of two studies that have been conducted within the framework of acquisitional pragmatics and TBLT (Task-based language learning and teaching). Both studies focus on the acquisition in Italian of modifiers and discourse markers in complaints in oral speech, by L1 speakers of Dutch. Data have been collected on the basis of two sets of role plays in which the degree of familiarity between the interlocutors (low vs high) had been manipulated. Study 1, investigates, more specifically, the effects of a self-paced online multimedia course on the acquisition of pragmatics, on the employment of internal and external modifiers, by six university students with an intermediate proficiency level of Italian (B1-B2). Study 2 examines the relationship between linguistic proficiency and pragmatic competence, in terms of use of modifiers, discourse markers and pragmatic strategies, by nineteen L2 learners of Italian, with different proficiency levels (B1-B2 vs C1-C2).
description: Italiano LinguaDue, V. 12 N. 2 (2020)
Robust model identification of actuated vortex wakes
Creators: name: Weller, Jessie
name: Lombardi, Edoardo
name: Iollo, Angelo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a low-order modeling technique for actuated flows based on the regularization of an inverse problem. The inverse problem aims at minimizing the error between the model predictions and some reference simulations. The parameters to be identified are a subset of the coefficients of a polynomial expansion which models the temporal dynamics of a small number of global modes. These global modes are found by Proper Orthogonal Decomposition, which is a method to compute the most representative elements of an existing simulation database in terms of energy. It is shown that low-order control models based on a simple Galerkin projection and usual calibration techniques are not viable. They are either ill-posed or they give a poor approximation of the solution as soon as they are used to predict cases not belonging to the original solution database. In contrast, numerical evidence shows that the method we propose is robust with respect to variations of the control laws applied, thus allowing the actual use of such models for control.
title: Die Bedeutung von internen Untersuchungen im Rahmen eines geplanten Unternehmenssanktionsgesetzes - Analyse der Gesetzesentwürfe seit 2013
Creators: name: Lex, Astrid
Publisher: name: Hof
Year: 2023

description: Die wachsende Bedeutung der internen Untersuchungen ist in den verschiedenen Gesetzentwürfen zu einem Unternehmenssanktionsrecht, die seit 2013 vorgelegt und im Rahmen der Masterarbeit analysiert wurden, festzustellen. Die Regelungen zu internen Untersuchungen in den Gesetzentwürfen nehmen über die Zeit hinweg zu. Der Ausblick auf die kommenden Jahre lässt einen weiteren Anstieg der internen Untersuchungen erwarten, denn sowohl das Lieferkettensorgfaltspflichtengesetz als auch das kommende Hinweisgeberschutzgesetz sehen einen Beschwerde- bzw. internen Meldekanal vor, über den Hinweise auf Compliance-Verstöße gemeldet werden können. Mancher Hinweis wird einen Auslöser für interne Untersuchungen darstellen und deshalb ist es notwendig, dass der Gesetzgeber über ein neues Unternehmenssanktionsrecht einen präzisen Rechtsrahmen für interne Untersuchungen vorgibt. So sieht es zumindest der Koalitionsvertrag der aktuellen Ampelkoalition vor. 
In der empirischen Untersuchung wurde im Rahmen von Interviews mit Vertretern der drei Staatsgewalten über die möglichen Eckpunkte eines neuen Gesetzentwurfes gesprochen. Neben den repressiven Sanktionen sollte in einem neuen Gesetzesvorhaben der Anreiz für präventive Compliance-Maßnahmen geschaffen werden. Vor- und nachtatliche Compliance-Maßnahmen, die Durchführung von internen Untersuchungen und die Kooperation mit den Strafverfolgungsbehörden sollten sich für die Unternehmen sanktionsbefreiend bzw. -mildernd auswirken. 
Für die Unternehmen ist es wichtig, dass die rechtlichen Unsicherheiten, die sich aus dem fehlenden Rechtsrahmen ergeben, behoben werden. Als Schlagworte sollen hier die Themen Beschlagnahmeschutz, Selbstbelastungsfreiheit für die Mitarbeitenden, die datenschutzrechtliche Unsicherheiten beim Screening von Dokumenten und Kommunikationsdaten und die Mindestanforderungen für Compliance Management Systeme genannt werden. Ferner benötigen die Unternehmen verfahrensrechtliche Vorgaben, damit die Ergebnisse aus den internen Untersuchungen bei einer Kooperation mit den Ermittlungsbehörden verwendet und verwertet werden können. 
Als Ergebnis der empirischen Untersuchung und aus den Erkenntnissen aus den ersten beiden einleitenden Kapiteln wurde eine Skizze für zukünftige Regelungen erarbeitet. Aufgrund der weiterhin wachsenden Bedeutung von internen Untersuchungen und der fehlenden höchstrichterlichen Rechtsprechung zu diesem Thema ist der Gesetzgeber mehr denn je gefordert, mit einem neuen Unternehmenssanktionsrecht für Klarheit und Rechtssicherheit bei den Unternehmen zu sorgen und eine Basis für die Zusammenarbeit mit den Ermittlungsbehörden zu schaffen.
description: Hofer akademische Schriften zum Recht in Nachhaltigkeit, Compliance und IT; 3
title: Front Matter, Foreword, Conference Organization, External Reviewers, Table of Contents
Creators: name: Faliszewski, Piotr
name: Muscholl, Anca
name: Niedermeier, Rolf
Publisher: name: Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: front matter
subject: foreword
subject: conference organization
subject: external reviewers
subject: table of contents

description: Front Matter, Foreword, Conference Organization, External Reviewers, Table of Contents
description: LIPIcs, Vol. 58, 41st International Symposium on Mathematical Foundations of Computer Science (MFCS 2016), pages 0:i-0:xvi
On the Relationship between Logarithmic TAQ and Logarithmic THH
Creators: name: Lundemo, Tommy
Publisher: name: Deutsche Mathematiker-Vereinigung
Year: 2021

description: We provide a new description of logarithmic topological Andr\'e-Quillen homology in terms of the indecomposables of an augmented ring spectrum. The new description allows us to interpret logarithmic TAQ as an abstract cotangent complex, and leads to a base-change formula for logarithmic topological Hochschild homology. The latter is analogous to results of Weibel-Geller for Hochschild homology of discrete rings, and of McCarthy-Minasian and Mathew for topological Hochschild homology. For example, our results imply that logarithmic THH satisfies base-change for tamely ramified extensions of discrete valuation rings.
description: DOCUMENTA MATHEMATICA, Vol 26 (2021), p. 1187-1236
L’ACQUISIZIONE DELL’ITALIANO IN ITALIA E IN GERMANIA: STRATEGIE LESSICALI PER COSTRUIRE LA REFERENZA
Creators: name: Rosi, Fabiana
name: Berardini, Fabiana
Publisher: name: Italiano LinguaDue
Year: 2021

description: La ricerca mette a confronto il percorso acquisizionale dell’italiano L2 e LS, studiato all’università in Italia e in Germania da apprendenti comparabili per L1, livello linguistico, età, sesso e grado di istruzione. Data la rilevanza della frequenza e salienza delle strutture linguistiche nell’input per l’acquisizione del lessico, le analisi si concentrano sulle risorse lessicali selezionate per costruire la referenza, in particolare sull’uso di parole intensive, dotate di alta definizione semantica, acquisite più tardi rispetto alle parole generiche. Il corpus è composto dalle narrazioni prodotte da 4 apprendenti L2, 4 apprendenti LS, raccolte longitudinalmente in tre elicitazioni, e da 4 italofoni nativi. I risultati mostrano il ruolo del contesto di acquisizione sullo sviluppo delle competenze lessicali in termini di ritmo e velocità di evoluzione dell’interlingua quando l’esposizione all’input è prolungata e significativa. The acquisition of Italian in Italy and Germany: lexical strategies to build the reference This study compares the acquisitional pattern of Italian SL and FL studied at university in Italy and in Germany by learners comparable for L1, linguistic level, age, sex and level of education. Given the relevance of the frequency and salience of linguistic structures in the input for the acquisition of lexicon, the analyses focus on the lexical resources selected to build the reference, in particular on the use of intensive words, characterized by high-definition semantics, which are acquired later than generic words. The corpus is comprised of the narratives produced by 4 SL learners and 4 FL learners and 4 Italian native speakers, collected longitudinally. The results show the role of the acquisitional context in the development of lexical competences in terms of rhythm and speed of the evolution of interlanguage when the exposure to input is prolonged and significant.
description: Italiano LinguaDue, V. 12 N. 2 (2020)
Perturbation-Assisted Laser-Induced Atomic Fragment Fluorescence Spectroscopy: A Facile Route to Spin-Forbidden States
Creators: name: Zhang, Qun
name: Chen, Yang
name: Keil, Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper has been withdrawn by the authors, because the authors have made abundant revisions and resubmitted the modified new version entitled "Laser-induced atomic fragment fluorescence spectroscopy: A facile technique for molecular spectroscopy of spin-forbidden states" to arXiv:0812.4554. Thanks for your attention.
description: This paper has been withdrawn by the authors, because the authors have made abundant revisions and resubmitted the new version to arXiv:0812.4554
Late stage, non-equilibrium dynamics in the dipolar Ising model
Creators: name: Hosiawa, Tom
name: MacIsaac, A. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic domain structures are a fascinating area of study with interest deriving both from technological applications and fundamental scientific questions. The nature of the striped magnetic phases observed in ultra-thin films is one such intriguing system. The non-equilibrium dynamics of such systems as they evolve toward equilibrium has only recently become an area of interest and previous work on model systems showed evidence of complex, slow dynamics with glass-like properties as the stripes order mesoscopically. To aid in the characterization of the observed phases and the nature of the transitions observed in model systems we have developed an efficient method for identifying clusters or domains in the spin system, where the clusters are based on the stripe orientation. Thus we are able to track the growth and decay of such clusters of stripes in a Monte Carlo simulation and observe directly the nature of the slow dynamics. We have applied this method to consider the growth and decay of ordered domains after a quench from a saturated magnetic state to temperatures near and well below the critical temperature in the two dimensional dipolar Ising model. We discuss our method of identifying stripe domains or clusters of stripes within this model and present the results of our investigations.
description: 17 pages, 12 figures, submitted to JMMM
Probing galactic double-mode RR Lyrae stars against Gaia EDR3
Creators: name: Kovacs, Geza
name: Karamiqucham, Behrooz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Classical double-mode pulsators (RR Lyrae stars and delta Cepheids) are important for their simultaneous pulsation in low-order radial modes. This enables us to put stringent constraints on their physical parameters. We use 30 bright galactic double-mode RR~Lyrae (RRd) stars to estimate their luminosities and compare them with those derived from the parallaxes of the recent data release (EDR3) of the Gaia survey. We employ pulsation and evolutionary models, together with observationally determined effective temperatures to derive the basic stellar parameters. Excluding 6 outlying stars (e.g., with blending issues) the RRd and Gaia luminosities correlate well. With the adopted temperature zero point from one of the works based on the infrared flux method, we find it necessary to increase the Gaia parallaxes by 0.02 mas to bring the RRd and Gaia luminosities into agreement. This value is consonant with those derived from studies on binary stars in the context of Gaia. We examine also the resulting period-luminosity-metallicity (PLZ) relation in the 2MASS K band as follows from the RRd parameters. This leads to the verification of two independently derived other PLZs. No significant zero point differences are found. Furthermore, the predicted K absolute magnitudes agree within sigma=0.005-0.01mag.
description: After the first positive referee report. Submitted to Astronomy & Astrophysics. Size: 0.51 Mb
Some Homological Properties of Category $\mathcal{O}$. VI
Creators: name: Ko, Hankyung
name: Mazorchuk, Volodymyr
name: Mrden, Rafael
Publisher: name: Deutsche Mathematiker-Vereinigung
Year: 2021

description: This paper explores various homological regularity phenomena (in the sense of Auslander) in category $\mathcal{O}$ and its several variations and generalizations. Additionally, we address the problem of determining projective dimension of twisted and shuffled projective and tilting modules.
description: DOCUMENTA MATHEMATICA, Vol 26 (2021), p. 1237-1269
Large Seebeck coefficients in Iron-oxypnictides : a new route towards n-type thermoelectric materials
Creators: name: Pinsard-Gaudart, Loreynne
name: Berardan, David
name: Bobroff, Julien
name: Dragoe, Nita
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The iron-oxypnictide compounds, recently reported as a new class of superconductors when appropriately doped, exhibit large Seebeck coefficients, of the order of -100 microV/K, while keeping good electrical conductivity. Their power factor shows a peak at low temperatures, suggesting possible applications of these materials in thermoelectric cooling modules in the liquid nitrogen temperature range.
Bayesian detection of unmodeled bursts of gravitational waves
Creators: name: Searle, Antony C.
name: Sutton, Patrick J.
name: Tinto, Massimo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The data analysis problem of coherently searching for unmodeled gravitational-wave bursts in the data generated by a global network of gravitational-wave observatories has been at the center of research for almost two decades. As data from these detectors is starting to be analyzed, a renewed interest in this problem has been sparked. A Bayesian approach to the problem of coherently searching for gravitational wave bursts with a network of ground-based interferometers is here presented. We demonstrate how to systematically incorporate prior information on the burst signal and its source into the analysis. This information may range from the very minimal, such as best-guess durations, bandwidths, or polarization content, to complete prior knowledge of the signal waveforms and the distribution of sources through spacetime. We show that this comprehensive Bayesian formulation contains several previously proposed detection statistics as special limiting cases, and demonstrate that it outperforms them.
description: 18 pages, 3 figures, revisions based on referee comments
Erratum for "Stability of Equivariant Vector Bundles over Toric Varieties"
Creators: name: Dasgupta, Jyoti
name: Dey, Arijit
name: Khan, Bivas
Publisher: name: Deutsche Mathematiker-Vereinigung
Year: 2021

description: We correct the proof of [2, Proposition 3.1.1].
description: DOCUMENTA MATHEMATICA, Vol 26 (2021), p. 1271-1274
Prevention Science and Health Equity: A Comprehensive Framework for Preventing Health Inequities and Disparities Associated with Race, Ethnicity, and Social Class
Creators: name: Prinz, Ronald J.
name: Biglan, Anthony
name: Fishbein, Diana
Publisher: name: Springer Nature
Year: 2023

description:
The ultimate goal of our public health system is to reduce the incidence of disability and premature death. Evidence suggests that, by this standard, the USA falls behind most other developed countries largely as a function of disparities in health outcomes among significant portions of the US population. We present a framework for addressing these disparities that attributes them, not simply to differences in the behavioral and physical risk factors, but to social, environmental, and structural inequities such as poverty, discrimination, toxic physical setting, and the marketing of harmful products. These inequities result from de facto and instituted public policies. An analysis of the NIH research portfolio indicates a relative lack of investment in experimental evaluations of preventive interventions—especially studies targeting disadvantaged populations. Moreover, experimental research on reducing social inequities is almost entirely lacking. A line of research focusing on the drivers of inequities and their dissolution must include experimental evaluation of strategies for getting policies adopted that will reduce inequities. In conclusion, a summary is provided of the types of research that are needed and the challenges involved in conducting the experimental research that is essential for reducing inequities and disparities and, in turn, prolonging life.
Comparing Concepts for Embedding Second-Language Vocabulary Acquisition into Everyday Smartphone Interactions
Creators: name: Schneegass, Christina
name: Sigethy, Sophia
name: Eiband, Malin
name: Buschek, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: H.5.2

description: We present a three-week within-subject field study comparing three mobile language learning (MLL) applications with varying levels of integration into everyday smartphone interactions: We designed a novel (1) UnlockApp that presents a vocabulary task with each authentication event, nudging users towards short frequent learning sessions. We compare it with a (2) NotificationApp that displays vocabulary tasks in a push notification in the status bar, which is always visible but learning needs to be user-initiated, and a (3) StandardApp that requires users to start in-app learning actively. Our study is the first to directly compare these embedding concepts for MLL, showing that integrating vocabulary learning into everyday smartphone interactions via UnlockApp and NotificationApp increases the number of answers. However, users show individual subjective preferences. Based on our results, we discuss the trade-off between higher content exposure and disturbance, and the related challenges and opportunities of embedding learning seamlessly into everyday mobile interactions.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures, 1 table; MuC'21
Probability of primordial black hole formation and its dependence on the radial profile of initial configurations
Creators: name: Hidalgo, J. C.
name: Polnarev, A. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we derive the probability of the radial profiles of spherically symmetric inhomogeneities in order to provide an improved estimation of the number density of primordial black holes (PBHs). We demonstrate that the probability of PBH formation depends sensitively on the radial profile of the initial configuration. We do this by characterising this profile with two parameters chosen heuristically: the amplitude of the inhomogeneity and the second radial derivative, both evaluated at the centre of the configuration. We calculate the joint probability of initial cosmological inhomogeneities as a function of these two parameters and then find a correspondence between these parameters and those used in numerical computations of PBH formation. Finally, we extend our heuristic study to evaluate the probability of PBH formation taking into account for the first time the radial profile of curvature inhomogeneities.
description: Version 2 with corrections from referees included, changes mostly improve the presentation
Eleven years of radio monitoring of the Type IIn supernova SN 1995N
Creators: name: Chandra, Poonam
name: Stockdale, Christopher J.
name: Chevalier, Roger A.
name: Van Dyk, Schuyler D.
name: Ray, Alak
name: Kelley, Matthew T.
name: Weiler, Kurt W.
name: Panagia, Nino
name: Sramek, Richard A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present radio observations of the optically bright Type IIn supernova SN 1995N. We observed the SN at radio wavelengths with the Very Large Array (VLA) for 11 years. We also observed it at low radio frequencies with the Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope (GMRT) at various epochs within $6.5-10$ years since explosion. Although there are indications of an early optically thick phase, most of the data are in the optically thin regime so it is difficult to distinguish between synchrotron self absorption (SSA) and free-free absorption (FFA) mechanisms. However, the information from other wavelengths indicates that the FFA is the dominant absorption process. Model fits of radio emission with the FFA give reasonable physical parameters. Making use of X-ray and optical observations, we derive the physical conditions of the shocked ejecta and the shocked CSM.
description: 22 pages, 2 tables, 13 figures, Accepted for publication in Astrophysical Journal
Cdh Descent for Homotopy Hermitian $K$-Theory of Rings with Involution
Creators: name: Carmody, Daniel
Publisher: name: Deutsche Mathematiker-Vereinigung
Year: 2021

description: We provide a geometric model for the classifying space of automorphism groups of Hermitian vector bundles over a ring with involution $R$ such that $\frac{1}{2} \in R$; this generalizes a result of Schlichting-Tripathi [Marco Schlichting and Girja S. Tripathi. Geometric models for higher Grothendieck-Witt groups in ${A}^1$-homotopy theory. Mathematische Annalen 362, 12 2014]. We then prove a periodicity theorem for Hermitian $K$-theory and use it to construct an $E_\infty$ motivic ring spectrum $\mathbf{KR}^{\mathrm{alg}$ representing homotopy Hermitian $K$-theory. From these results, we show that $\mathbf{KR}^{\mathrm{alg}$ is stable under base change, and cdh descent for homotopy Hermitian $K$-theory of rings with involution is a formal consequence.
description: DOCUMENTA MATHEMATICA, Vol 26 (2021), p. 1275-1327
CON PAROLE DIVERSE. FANTASIA E CREATIVITÀ LINGUISTICA AL NIDO D’INFANZIA
Creators: name: Nepi, Roberta
Publisher: name: Italiano LinguaDue
Year: 2021

description: Le ricerche degli ultimi decenni hanno concluso che i bambini bilingui hanno numerosi vantaggi comunicativi e cognitivi nei compiti che richiedono capacità di problem-solving, pensiero astratto, formulazione di ipotesi creative e, in generale, flessibilità di pensiero. Oggetto di questo contributo è la presentazione di una ricerca-azione avvenuta in una classe multilingue del nido d’infanzia “L’ape giramondo” di Siena, con bambini di madrelingue diverse. L’attività proposta è stata la tombola relativa a ambiti da loro conosciuti. La registrazione dell’attività e la successiva analisi del parlato secondo le convenzioni di trascrizione della Conversation Analysis hanno consentito una riflessione sulle competenze di produzione orale nella L2, sulle capacità di problem solving e sul ricorso alla L1 per colmare le lacune lessicali e sintattiche (code-mixing). I bambini bilingui hanno sviluppato soluzioni qualitativamente più complesse e più sofisticate e hanno dimostrato di possedere grande abilità nel saper scegliere parole ed espressioni più adeguate per rappresentare un concetto, una maggiore capacità di inventare un diverso uso di oggetti comuni e di saper manipolare il codice linguistico. With different words. Imagination and linguistic creativity at preschool Over the last decades, researchers have pointed out that bilingual children possess numerous communicative and cognitive advantages in dealing with tasks which require problem solving skills as well as abstract, creative and, more in general, flexible thinking. The purpose of this paper is to present the findings of an action research study carried out in a multilingual class, made up of children with different native languages, attending the “L’ape Giramondo” preschool in Siena. The selected target task was a bingo game on topics the class was already familiar with. The recording of the aformentioned activity and the subsequent discourse analysis, transcribed following Conversation Analysis conventions, created an opportunity for in-depth reflection on L2 oral production competence, problem-solving skills and communicative strategies such as code-mixing. On the whole, bilingual children developed more complex and sophisticated solutions. Furthermore, they proved to have excellent skills in choosing words and expressions to represent a concept, greater ability to invent a new use for ordinary items and a large capacity to manipulate the linguistic code.
description: Italiano LinguaDue, V. 12 N. 2 (2020)
Drag-based CME modeling with heliospheric images incorporating frontal deformation: ELEvoHI 2.0
Creators: name: Hinterreiter, J.
name: Amerstorfer, T.
name: Temmer, M.
name: Reiss, M. A.
name: Weiss, A. J.
name: Möstl, C.
name: Barnard, L. A.
name: Pomoell, J.
name: Bauer, M.
name: Amerstorfer, U. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The evolution and propagation of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) in interplanetary space is still not well understood. As a consequence, accurate arrival time and arrival speed forecasts are an unsolved problem in space weather research. In this study, we present the ELlipse Evolution model based on HI observations (ELEvoHI) and introduce a deformable front to this model. ELEvoHI relies on heliospheric imagers (HI) observations to obtain the kinematics of a CME. With the newly developed deformable front, the model is able to react to the ambient solar wind conditions during the entire propagation and along the whole front of the CME. To get an estimate of the ambient solar wind conditions, we make use of three different models: Heliospheric Upwind eXtrapolation model (HUX), Heliospheric Upwind eXtrapolation with time dependence model (HUXt), and EUropean Heliospheric FORecasting Information Asset (EUHFORIA). We test the deformable front on a CME first observed in STEREO-A/HI on February 3, 2010 14:49 UT. For this case study, the deformable front provides better estimates of the arrival time and arrival speed than the original version of ELEvoHI using an elliptical front. The new implementation enables us to study the parameters influencing the propagation of the CME not only for the apex, but for the entire front. The evolution of the CME front, especially at the flanks, is highly dependent on the ambient solar wind model used. An additional advantage of the new implementation is given by the possibility to provide estimates of the CME mass.
description: 25 pages, 7 figures, 1 table, revised for Space Weather
Near-horizon limit of the charged BTZ black hole and AdS_2 quantum gravity
Creators: name: Cadoni, Mariano
name: Setare, Mohammad R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the 3D charged Banados-Teitelboim-Zanelli (BTZ) black hole solution interpolates between two different 2D AdS spacetimes: a near-extremal, near-horizon AdS_2 geometry with constant dilaton and U(1) field and an asymptotic AdS_2 geometry with a linear dilaton. Thus, the charged BTZ black hole can be considered as interpolating between the two different formulations proposed until now for AdS_2 quantum gravity. In both cases the theory is the chiral half of a 2D CFT and describes, respectively, Brown-Hennaux-like boundary deformations and near-horizon excitations. The central charge c_as of the asymptotic CFT is determined by 3D Newton constant G and the AdS length l, c_as=3l/G, whereas that of the near-horizon CFT also depends on the U(1) charge Q, c_nh \propto l Q/\sqrt G.
description: 11 pages, no figures
An evaluation of four tillage systems on Pineview clay, a fine textured soil in the central interior of B.C.
Creators: name: Grevers, Mike C.J.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Pineview clay originates from a lacustrine deposit and has a clay content of approximately 55%. During the spring the soil is generally quite moist due to melting snow and rainfall, while ambient air temperatures are relatively cool. These factors cause soil warming on Pineview clay to be slow. Due to the slow soil warming process in the spring and due to the fine texture of this soil, it is important that the Pineview clay maintains a good soil structure. Little research has been carried out on Pineview clay as to the effect of tillage practices on soil structure. It was the purpose of this project to study changes in the properties of Pineview clay brought about by different tillage systems. In the first part of the project major adverse soil conditions that occur on Pineview clay were evaluated with respect to the emergence of barley. In the laboratory the effects of soil compaction and soil temperature were evaluated in terms of barley seedling emergence. The second part of the study consisted of determining the feasibility of several tillage systems and the use of a herbicide prior to tillage on Pineview clay. In the last part of the study four fall sod breaking tillage systems were evaluated in terms of their effect on soil physical properties, N transformations, crop growth and development, and economic returns. Barley seedling emergence in the laboratory was found to be affected by soil compaction and soil temperature. Between 5⁰ and 20⁰C the rate of barley emergence approximately doubled for every 5⁰C increment in soil temperature. Applying the herbicide Gramaxone prior to tillage improved soil break-up and control of sod regrowth, but the cost of this herbicide may be prohibitive. For sod breaking operations a stubble plow proved to be inadequate and a special sod breaking plow should be used. Rotovation prior to moldboard plowing improved soil break-up and control of sod re-growth. Chisel plowing resulted in a rough, mulched soil surface condition, which required many passes before a satisfactory level soil surface had been created. The four fall sod breaking systems were moldboard plowing (using a sod breaking plow) with and without prior rotovation, and chisel plowing with and without prior rotovation. The results indicate major differences due to the type of plow used (moldboard vs chisel) rather than the additional use of the rotovator prior to plowing. Moldboard plowing resulted in superior soil physical conditions, higher soil NO₃-N levels, higher crop yields and N uptake by the crop, and better economic returns than chisel plowing. The four tillage systems reached maximum profits under various fertilizer rates; $208.00/ha for moldboard plowing at 112 kg N/ha, $104.00/ha for rotovating and moldboard plowing at 56 kg N/ha, $71.00/ha for chisel plowing at 168 kg N/ha, and $39.00/ha for rotovating and chisel plowing at 0 kg N/ha.
Drinfeld's Lemma for Perfectoid Spaces and Overconvergence of Multivariate $(\phi, \Gamma)$-Modules
Creators: name: Carter, Annie
name: Kedlaya, Kiran S.
name: Zábrádi, Gergely
Publisher: name: Deutsche Mathematiker-Vereinigung
Year: 2021

description: Let $p$ be a prime, let $K$ be a finite extension of $\mathbb{Q}_p$, and let $n$ be a positive integer. We construct equivalences of categories between continuous $p$-adic representations of the $n$-fold product of the absolute Galois group $G_K$ and $(\phi, \Gamma)$-modules over one of several rings of $n$-variable power series. The case $n=1$ recovers the original construction of Fontaine and the subsequent refinement by Cherbonnier-Colmez; for general $n$, the case $K = \mathbb{Q}_p$ had been previously treated by the third author. To handle general $K$ uniformly, we use a form of Drinfeld's lemma on the profinite fundamental groups of products of spaces in characteristic $p$, but for perfectoid spaces instead of schemes. We also construct the multivariate analogue of the Herr complex to compute Galois cohomology; the case $K = \mathbb{Q}_p$ had been previously treated by Pal and the third author, and we reduce to this case using a form of Shapiro's lemma.
description: DOCUMENTA MATHEMATICA, Vol 26 (2021), p. 1329-1393
Panoramic Depth Estimation via Supervised and Unsupervised Learning in Indoor Scenes
Creators: name: Zhou, Keyang
name: Yang, Kailun
name: Wang, Kaiwei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Depth estimation, as a necessary clue to convert 2D images into the 3D space, has been applied in many machine vision areas. However, to achieve an entire surrounding 360-degree geometric sensing, traditional stereo matching algorithms for depth estimation are limited due to large noise, low accuracy, and strict requirements for multi-camera calibration. In this work, for a unified surrounding perception, we introduce panoramic images to obtain larger field of view. We extend PADENet first appeared in our previous conference work for outdoor scene understanding, to perform panoramic monocular depth estimation with a focus for indoor scenes. At the same time, we improve the training process of the neural network adapted to the characteristics of panoramic images. In addition, we fuse traditional stereo matching algorithm with deep learning methods and further improve the accuracy of depth predictions. With a comprehensive variety of experiments, this research demonstrates the effectiveness of our schemes aiming for indoor scene perception.
description: Accepted to Applied Optics. Code will be made publicly available at https://github.com/zzzkkkyyy/PADENet
Direct evidence of a sub-stellar companion around CT Cha
Creators: name: Schmidt, T. O. B.
name: Neuhäuser, R.
name: Seifahrt, A.
name: Vogt, N.
name: Bedalov, A.
name: Helling, Ch.
name: Witte, S.
name: Hauschildt, P. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In our ongoing search for close and faint companions around T Tauri stars, we found a very faint (Ks=14.9mag, Ks_0=14.4mag) object, just ~2.67" northwest of the Chamaeleon star-forming region member CT Cha corresponding to a projected separation of ~440AU at 165+/-30 pc. We show that CT Cha A and this faint object form a common proper motion pair from data of the VLT Adaptive Optics (AO) instrument NACO taken in February 2006 and March 2007 and that the companion is by >=4 sigma significance not a stationary background object. Our AO integral field spectroscopy with SINFONI in J, and H+K bands yields a temperature of 2600+/-250K for the companion and an optical extinction of A_V=5.2+/-0.8mag, when compared to spectra calculated from Drift-Phoenix model atmospheres. We demonstrate the validity of the model fits by comparison to several other well-known young sub-stellar objects. Relative flux calibration of the bands was achieved using photometry from the NACO imaging data. We conclude that the CT Cha companion is a very low-mass member of Chamaeleon and very likely a physical companion to CT Cha, as the probability for a by chance alignment is <=0.01. Due to a prominent Pa-Beta emission in the J-band, accretion is probably still ongoing onto the CT Cha companion. From temperature and luminosity (log(Lbol/Lsun)= -2.68+/-0.21), we derive a radius of R=2.20+0.81-0.60 R_Jup. We find a consistent mass of M=17+/-6 MJup for the CT Cha companion from both its luminosity and temperature when placed on evolutionary tracks. Hence, the CT Cha companion is most likely a wide brown dwarf companion or possibly even a planetary mass object.
description: 10 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
Backreaction of Cosmological Perturbations in Covariant Macroscopic Gravity
Creators: name: Paranjape, Aseem
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The problem of corrections to Einstein's equations arising from averaging of inhomogeneities ("backreaction") in the cosmological context, has gained considerable attention recently. We present results of analysing cosmological perturbation theory in the framework of Zalaletdinov's fully covariant Macroscopic Gravity. We show that this framework can be adapted to the setting of cosmological perturbations in a manner which is free from gauge related ambiguities. We derive expressions for the backreaction which can be readily applied in \emph{any} situation (not necessarily restricted to the linear perturbations considered here) where the \emph{metric} can be brought to the perturbed FLRW form. In particular these expressions can be employed in toy models studying nonlinear structure formation, and possibly also in N-body simulations. Additionally, we present results of example calculations which show that the backreaction remains negligible well into the matter dominated era.
description: 17 pages, 5 figures, revtex4; v2 -- typos fixed, 1 reference updated, to appear in Phys Rev D
Pseudorecombinants of cherry leaf roll virus
Creators: name: Haber, Stephen Michael
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Cherry leaf roll virus, as a nepovirus with a bipartite genome, can be genetically analysed by comparing the properties of distinct 'parental' strains and the pseudorecombinant isolates generated from them. In the present work, the elderberry (E) and rhubarb (R) strains were each purified and separated into their middle (M) and bottom (B) components by sucrose gradient centrifugation followed by near-equilibrium banding in cesium chloride. RNA was extracted from the separated components by treatment with a dissociation buffer followed by sucrose gradient centrifugation. Extracted M-RNA of E-strain and B-RNA of R-strain were mixed and inoculated to a series of test plants as were M-RNA of R-strain and B-RNA of E-strain. New local lesion types in Nicotiana clevelandii induced by these heterologous RNA combinations were passaged three times through local lesions on N. clevelandii in order to generate pure pseudorecombinant stocks. M-RNA determined serological specificity, the distribution of virus particle components, systemic symptoms in N. clevelandii and N. tabacum cvs. Samsun and Xanthi as well as the local and systemic symptoms in Chenopodium amaranticolor and C. quinoa. B-RNA determined the ability to induce systemic symptoms in Gomphrena globosa and the type of local lesion in N. clevelandii. When the procedure used for originally generating the pseudorecombinants from the parental strains was applied to the pseudorecombinant isolates themselves, isolates were obtained in the predicted manner that were identical to the original parental E- and R-strains.