cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A Two Level Neural Approach Combining Off-Chip Prediction with Adaptive Prefetch Filtering
Creators: name: Jamet, Alexandre Valentin
name: Vavouliotis, Georgios
name: Jiménez, Daniel A.
name: Alvarez, Lluc
name: Casas, Marc
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: cache management
data movement
graph processing
micro architecture
off-chip prediction

description: To alleviate the performance and energy overheads of contemporary applications with large data footprints, we propose the Two Level Perceptron (TLP) predictor, a neural mechanism that effectively combines predicting whether an access will be off-chip with adaptive prefetch filtering at the first-level data cache (L1D). TLP is composed of two connected microarchitectural perception predictors, named First Level Predictor (FLP) and Second Level Predictor (SLP). FLP performs accurate off-chip prediction by using several program features based on virtual addresses and a novel selective delay component. The novelty of SLP relies on leveraging off-chip prediction to drive L1D prefetch filtering by using physical addresses and the FLP prediction as features. TLP constitutes the first hardware proposal targeting both off-chip prediction and prefetch filtering using a multi-level perception hardware approach. TLP only requires 7KB of storage. To demonstrate the benefits of TLP we compare its performance with state-of-the-art approaches using off-chip prediction and prefetch filtering on a wide range of single-core and multi-core workloads. Our experiments show that TLP reduces the average DRAM transactions by 30.7% and 17.7%, as compared to a baseline using state-of-the-art cache prefetchers but no off-chip prediction mechanism, across the single-core and multi-core workloads, respectively, while recent work significantly increases DRAM transactions. As a result, TLP achieves geometric mean performance speedups of 6.2% and 11.8% across single-core and multi-core workloads, respectively. In addition, our evaluation demonstrates that TLP is effective independently of the L1D prefetching logic.
Micro-channel enhanced alumina membranes - designing and tailoring their properties for widened applications
Creators: name: Lee, Melanie
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2016

description: Ceramic membranes have the potential to replace polymeric membranes in existing membrane processes as well as expanding their applications to unexplored territories. However, they only hold a small market share out of all the other membrane materials, and the main deterrents are high capital costs, lower performance, and brittleness. Hereby, in this thesis, significant progress has been made addressing the above-mentioned bottlenecks. By using the micro-channel inducing combined phase inversion and sintering method, ceramic asymmetric membranes with greatly enhanced performance and widened applications were fabricated. Firstly, improved understanding of the formation mechanisms of these micro-channels was achieved by fabricating alumina disc membranes. Parameters such as: suspension composition, membrane width, and coagulation temperature were manipulated and a wide range of different micro-channels were formed. The microfiltration membranes with the long and cylindrical micro-channels exhibited the highest water permeation flux and can be potentially used in water treatments. Furthermore, the micro-channel properties were mimicked using the Rayleigh-Taylor Instability. Next, six hollow fibre cross-section morphologies were designed and delivered via the use of different bore fluids, air gap, and polymer sacrificial layers in order to control the surface at which the micro-channels are open at. Apart from improving permeation flux, the opening of the micro-channels allows access to these pockets of space, which can be used to store and pack functional materials to form highly compact systems. The presence of micro-channels compensates the membranes’ mechanical stability, and therefore, a method for improving mechanical stability was put forward: to form multi-channel hollow fibres, tubes or monoliths with a plurality of micro-channels and increased cross-section area. The resultant membranes exhibited improved bending strengths. Finally, a potential new application of the hollow fibre with open micro-channels was studied. Adsorbents were packed into the micro-channels, to form a hollow fibre GC column perform oxygen and nitrogen separation, and an 8 m long column managed to separate the two components.
The Globular Clusters of Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxies
Creators: name: Bergh, Sidney van den
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The possibility that the Sagittarius dwarf spheroidal might have formed as a Searle-Zinn fragment in the outer halo of the Galaxy is discussed. Arguments in favor of this hypothesis are: (1) The luminosity distribution of globular clusters in both Sagittarius and in the outer halo (Rgc > 80 kpc), appear to be bimodal with peaks near MV ~ -5 and MV ~ -10, and (2) the globular clusters in both Sgr, and in the outer halo, have a significantly larger age spread than do the globulars in the inner halo of the Galaxy. However, a counter argument is that only one of the four globulars associated with Sgr has the large half-light diameter that is diagnostic of outer halo clusters. The absence of globular clusters from all Local Group dwarf spheroidal galaxies fainter than MV = -12 shows that their specific globular cluster frequency must be lower than it is in the Fornax dwarf spheroidal. This result suggests that Fornax may have had an unusual evolutionary history.
description: 12 pages, 2 figures, to be published in ApJ Letters
Open source modular ptosis crutch for the treatment of myasthenia gravis
Creators: name: Trust Saidi
name: Sivarasu, Sudesh
name: Douglas, Tania S.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Introduction: Pharmacologic treatment of Myasthenia Gravis presents challenges due to poor tolerability in some patients. Conventional ptosis crutches have limitations such as interference with blinking which causes ocular surface drying, and frequent irritation of the eyes. To address this problem, a modular and adjustable ptosis crutch for elevating the upper eyelid in Myasthenia Gravis patients has been proposed as a non-surgical and low-cost solution. Areas covered: This paper reviews the literature on the challenges in the treatment of Myasthenia Gravis globally and focuses on a modular and adjustable ptosis crutch that has been developed by the Medical Device Laboratory at the University of Cape Town. Expert commentary: The new medical device has potential as a simple, effective and unobtrusive solution to elevate the drooping upper eyelid(s) above the visual axis without the need for medication and surgery. Access to the technology is provided through an open source platform which makes it available globally. Open access provides opportunities for further open innovation to address the current limitations of the device, ultimately for the benefit not only of people suffering from Myasthenia Gravis but also of those with ptosis from other aetiologies.
Reimagining Digital Space: Leveraging Mental Images To Aid Users’ Navigation Within Complex Digital Spaces
Creators: name: Ohn, Jiyoung
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 120304 Digital and Interaction Design
subject: FOS: Arts (arts, history of arts, performing arts, music)

description: Digital spaces never remain static. Instead, they continually evolve to cater to the various needs and desires of users. The expansion of tools has provided users with new options and abilities within digital spaces. However, increased complexity often intensifies users' cognitive burdens, especially those who are not proficient at using digital services. As a result, users often struggle to understand digital spaces' information structures, making it challenging for them to navigate through digital environments.In this thesis, I explore ways of leveraging design to help users envision concrete mental images of digital spaces that facilitate the building of meaningful mental models, which aids their understanding of service structures and navigation of complex digital environments.Based on Kevin Lynch's 'The Image of the City,' my research investigates theories and processes related to environmental imaging and applies them to digital contexts. Through exploratory study, I identified that people's mental images of digital spaces inherently include representations of the five elements and define each element's visual representations. In the generative research stage, the effectiveness of mental images in aiding users' understanding of digital spaces were evaluated. I also explored potential concepts for leveraging mental images to aid users' in grasping information effectively in complex, real-world contexts, including 'Mental Map builder', a learning tool that helps users create mental maps of digital spaces. In conclusion, I suggest potential ways to leverage mental imagery in design practice, including design guidelines and sample activity.
Globular Cluster Systems As Distance Indicators: Metallicity Effects On The Luminosity Function
Creators: name: Ashman, Keith M.
name: Conti, Alberto
name: Zepf, Stephen E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the universality of the globular cluster luminosity function (GCLF) and the use of this function as an extragalactic distance indicator. Previous studies have found an offset between GCLF distances and those obtained with other techniques. We show that this offset can be understood in terms of a metallicity effect. Specifically, the globular cluster systems used in distance scale studies have traditionally been those around elliptical galaxies. These systems have higher mean metallicities than the Milky Way globular cluster system. Consequently, the peak of the GCLF in the systems around ellipticals is significantly fainter in $B$ and $V$ than the GCLF peak in the Milky Way. We calculate the shift in the peak of the GCLF relative to the Milky Way globulars in $B$, $V$, $R$, $I$ and $J$ for a range of globular cluster metallicities. Applying these corrections, we find good agreement between GCLF distances and those obtained using the surface brightness fluctuations method. The similarity between metallicity-corrected GCLFs suggests that the underlying mass function of globular cluster systems is remarkably constant from one galaxy to another. Our results allow the GCLF to be employed as an improved distance indicator.
description: Paper to be published in September 1995 AJ. Below is a LaTeX file of the text only. Figures and Tables available by anonymous ftp from ftp://kula.phsx.ukans.edu/
Redshift determination in the X-ray band of gamma-ray bursts
Creators: name: Ghisellini, G.
name: Haardt, F.
name: Campana, S.
name: Lazzati, D.
name: Covino, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: If gamma-ray bursts originate in dense stellar forming regions, the interstellar material can imprint detectable absorption features on the observed X-ray spectrum. Such features can be detected by existing and planned X-ray satellites, as long as the X-ray afterglow is observed after a few minutes from the burst. If the column density of the interstellar material exceeds ~10^{23} cm^{-2} there exists the possibility to detect the K_alpha fluorescent iron line, which should be visible for more than one year, long after the X-ray afterglow continuum has faded away. Detection of these X-ray features will make possible the determination of the redshift of gamma-ray bursts even when their optical afterglow is severely dimmed by extinction.
description: 15 pages with 5 figures. Submitted to ApJ
Moderator and reflector design for high brilliance neutron source
Creators: name: Chen, Junyang
Publisher: name: Forschungzentrum Jülich
Year: 2024

description: 1st Ph.D. and PostDoc Days JCNS-2 in 2024, JCNS-2 + online, Germany, 14 Feb 2024 - 15 Feb 2024
Manure heaps attract farmland birds during winter
Creators: name: Šálek, Martin
name: Michał Żmihorski
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Capsule: Abundance and species diversity of both common farmland birds and species of conservation concern were significantly higher at manure heaps compared to open farmland, especially for the Tree Sparrow Passer montanus and Yellowhammer Emberiza citrinella, two declining granivorous farmland birds.
Additional file 7 of Integrated analysis of lncRNA and mRNA in liver of Megalobrama amblycephala post Aeromonas hydrophila infection
Creators: name: Sun, Qianhui
name: Wang, Jixiu
name: Wang, Guowen
name: Wang, Huanling
name: Liu, Hong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 7: Table S7 Primers used for RT-qPCR.
Measuring crack initiation and growth in the presence of large strains using the potential drop technique
Creators: name: Tarnowski, Keith
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2016

description: Accurate laboratory measurements of crack initiation and growth are of vital importance for characterising material behaviour for use in the residual life assessment of structural components. The Potential Drop (PD) technique is one of the most common methods of performing these measurements, but such measurements are also sensitive to large inelastic strains which are often erroneously interpreted as crack growth. Despite the maturity of the PD technique, the extent of these errors is not fully understood and the most appropriate method of suppressing them is unknown. In this thesis typical errors in the measurement of crack extension due to large inelastic strains have been quantified experimentally. These errors depend on the PD configuration and in some cases the configurations recommended in the standards are susceptible to particularly large errors. Optimum configurations for common fracture specimens have been identified but despite these mitigating measures, when testing ductile materials, the errors due to strain remain large compared to other sources of error common to the PD technique. A sequentially coupled structural-electrical FE modelling approach has been developed which is capable of predicting the influence of strain on PD. This provides a powerful tool for decoupling the effects of strain from crack extension. It has been used in conjunction with experimental measurements, performed using a novel low frequency ACPD system (which behaves in a quasi-DC manner), to develop procedures for accurately measuring crack initiation and growth during fracture toughness and creep crack growth testing. It is demonstrated that some of the common methods of interpreting PD measurements during these tests are not fit for purpose. The proposed method of interpreting creep crack growth data has been used to re-validate creep crack initiation prediction models provided in the R5 assessment procedure.
KLT-Like Behaviour of Inflationary Graviton Correlators
Creators: name: Li, Shing Yan
name: Wang, Yi
name: Zhou, Siyi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the spinor helicity formalism to study KLT-like relations for the inflationary graviton four-point correlation function. New features are observed in this correlation function compared to the graviton scattering amplitude in flat spacetime. After obtaining the general momentum dependence, collinear, squeezed and collapsed limits are considered to further study the features of the correlation function, and the relation to the corresponding flat space scattering amplitude.
description: 18 pages, 3 figures
Future changes in thermal comfort conditions over China based on multi-RegCM4 simulations
Creators: name: GAO, Xue-Jie
name: WU, Jie
name: SHI, Ying
name: WU, Jia
name: HAN, Zhen-Yu
name: ZHANG, Dong-Feng
name: TONG, Yao
name: Rou-Ke LI
name: XU, Ying
name: GIORGI, Filippo
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: A set of high resolution (25 km) 21st century climate change projections using the regional climate model RegCM4 driven by four global model simulations were conducted over East Asia under the mid-range RCP4.5 scenario. In the present paper, the authors investigate the change in thermal comfort conditions over china based on an ensemble of the projections, using the index of effective temperature (ET), which considers the aggregate effects of temperature, relative humidity, and wind on human thermal perception. The analysis also accounts for exposure as measured by distributed population amount scenarios. The authors find that the general increase in ET leads to a large increase in population exposure to very hot days (a China-aggregated six-fold increase in ‘person-days’ by the end of the 21st century. There is a decrease in cool, cold, and very cold person-days. Meanwhile, a decrease in comfortable day conditions by 22% person-days is found despite an increase in climate-based comfortable days. Analysis of the different contributions to the changes (climate, population, and interactions between the two) show that climate effects play a more important role in the hot end of the thermal comfort categories, while the population effects tend to be dominant in the cold categories. Thus, overall, even a mid-level warming scenario is found to increase the thermal stress over China, although there is a strong geographical dependence. The inclusion of population exposure strongly modulates the climate-only signal, which highlights the need for including socioeconomic factors in the assessment of risks associated with climate change.
The Peak Brightness of SN1974G in NGC4414 and the Hubble Constant
Creators: name: Schaefer, Bradley E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The light curve of the Type Ia supernova SN1974G (in NGC4414) is important because the Hubble Space Telescope has measured the distance to the host galaxy by means of Cepheid variables and thus the Hubble Constant can be derived. Light curves from the secondary literature are inadequate since the majority of data is misreported, the majority of the published data is overlooked, and the majority of all data is unpublished, while comparison star sequences have offsets of over half a magnitude. I have recovered and validated all data, remeasured the comparison stars, and performed light curve template fits. I find the observed peak B and V magnitudes to be $12.48 \pm 0.05$ and $12.30 \pm 0.05$, with a decline rate of $Δm_{15} = 1.11 \pm 0.06$. For $E(B-V) = 0.16 \pm 0.07$, the unabsorbed peak magnitudes are $B = 11.82 \pm 0.29$ and $V = 11.80 \pm 0.22$. With the distance modulus to NGC4414 as $μ= 31.41 \pm 0.23$, I find $H_{0} = 55 \pm 8 km \cdot s^{-1} \cdot Mpc^{-1}$.
description: 18 pages, 2 figures, Accepted for publication in ApJ
Additional file 3: of Sources of artifact in measurements of 6mA and 4mC abundance in eukaryotic genomic DNA
Creators: name: O’Brown, Zach
name: Boulias, Konstantinos
name: Wang, Jie
name: Wang, Simon
name: O’Brown, Natasha
name: Hao, Ziyang
name: Shibuya, Hiroki
name: Fady, Paul-Enguerrand
name: Shi, Yang
name: He, Chuan
name: Megason, Sean
name: Liu, Tao
name: Greer, Eric
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biochemistry
Space Science
Medicine
Cell Biology
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: UHPLC-ms/ms quantification of 6mA in gnotobiotic mouse tissues. UHPLC-ms/ms quantification of 6mA in 10 tissues from gnotobiotic mice demonstrates equivalent levels of 6mA. Each bar represents the mean +/− standard error of the mean for 1–3 independent samples (PDF 41 kb)
$B-L$ as a Gauged Peccei-Quinn Symmetry
Creators: name: Ibe, Masahiro
name: Suzuki, Motoo
name: Yanagida, Tsutomu T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The gauged Peccei-Quinn (PQ) mechanism provides a simple prescription to embed the global PQ symmetry into a gauged $U(1)$ symmetry. As it originates from the gauged PQ symmetry, the global PQ symmetry can be protected from explicit breaking by quantum gravitational effects once appropriate charge assignment is given. In this paper, we identify the gauged PQ symmetry with the ${B-L}$ symmetry, which is obviously attractive as the ${B-L}$ gauge symmetry is the most authentic extension of the Standard Model. As we will show, a natural $B-L$ charge assignment can be found in a model motivated by the seesaw mechanism in the $SU(5)$ Grand Unified Theory. As a notable feature of this model, it does not require extra $SU(5)$ singlet matter fields other than the right-handed neutrinos to cancel the self and the gravitational anomalies.
description: 22 pages, 2 figures
Machine learning applications in generative design
Creators: name: Reed, Kate
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2016

description: The work in this thesis studies some of the potential applications of machine learning in the field of generative design. In particular it looks at how the design process can be automated once sufficient data about the design space has been collected and machine learning used to find the relationship between the design and its properties. The case study chosen for the work is the design of chairs. Preliminary work was done including the development of a parametric chair modelling program (ChairMaker) that can produce a wide range of chair designs and a series of simulations, including an automated ergonomic model, that were used to find fitness scores for desirable chair properties. New chair designs were then generated. Initially by using a well-established method; evolutionary design, using decision trees trained on the simulation data as the fitness function. The results were good, with many new viable chair designs produced. A new generative method called the schema method was also developed. It extracts sets of constraints (called schemata) directly from the decision trees and uses these to generate new chairs. The schema method proved to be extremely efficient at finding viable chairs. Hundreds of diverse, original chairs can be produced within a few seconds. The idea of visual similarity was explored by using the schemata to measure the difference between two chairs. The results showed a remarkably high correlation between the volunteers considering the subjective nature of the task. The results demonstrate that it is possible to use simulated data and machine learning to make design decisions in generative design. We have shown this through the use of an existing algorithm and an original method. The new method is novel as it uses the learned knowledge about the design space directly to generate designs rather than using a search algorithm.
D3.4 Self-Assessment tool for IPSPs
Creators: name: Rico-Castro, Pilar
name: de Pablo Llorente, Virginia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Self-assessment tool for IPSPs
Institutional publishers (IPs)
Service providers (SPs)
Extensible Quality Standard in Institutional Publishing (EQSIP)
Diamond Open Access
Open Access publishing
Institutional publishing
scholarly journals

description: The Self-assessment tool for IPSPs created by the DIAMAS project is available athttps://diamas.fecyt.es/.

The Self-assessment tool for IPSPs is designed to provide an intuitive and effective user experience in managing and self-assessing the level of compliance of institutional publishers (IPs) with the Extensible Quality Standard in Institutional Publishing (EQSIP) for Diamond Open Access (D3.2 of DIAMAS project) and sustainability parameters. 

Users are institutional publishers (IPs). Service providers (SPs) have been excluded due to their different nature, as stablished in EQSIP. The tool is made up of two parallel instances: one for EQSIP self-assessment, and a second one for sustainability parameters self-assessment. Upon completion, users receive a report with their scores.

An Administrator role has been created to verify and edit content, manage categories (core components), and create new editions based on the tool's needs.This role is played by the Spanish Foundation for Science and Technology (FECYT).The code of the software has been licensed with a European Union Public License EUPL v1.2. It is publicly available at https://github.com/FECYT/DIAMAS.
description: Deliverable under the review of the European Commission
Fitness response relation of a multi-type age-structured population dynamics
Creators: name: Sughiyama, Yuki
name: Nakashima, So
name: Kobayashi, Tetsuya J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We construct a pathwise formulation for a multi-type age-structured population dynamics, which involves an age-dependent cell replication and transition of gene- or phenotypes. By employing the formulation, we derive a variational representation of the stationary population growth rate; the representation comprises a trade-off relation between growth effects and a single-cell intrinsic dynamics described by a semi-Markov process. This variational representation leads to a response relation of the stationary population growth rate, in which statistics on a retrospective history work as the response coefficients. These results contribute to predicting and controlling growing populations based on experimentally observed cell-lineage information.
description: 16 pages, 7 figures
Workshop on SV detection. NGSchool 2018
Creators: name: Sedlazeck, Fritz
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: Computational Biology

description: Workshop in 2018 introducing the students to different techniques to detect SVs. This starts with CNV detection -> Assembly based detection -> Short read detection and long read detection. In the end how to compare these different call sets and annotate the VCF with gene names.
Sagittarius: The Nearest Dwarf Galaxy
Creators: name: Ibata, Rodrigo
name: Gilmore, G.
name: Irwin, M. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have discovered a new Galactic satellite galaxy in the constellation of Sagittarius. The Sagittarius dwarf galaxy is the nearest galaxy known, subtends an angle of $> 10$ degrees on the sky, lies at a distance of $24 \kpc$ from the Sun, $\sim 16 \kpc$ from the centre of the Milky Way. Itis comparable in size and luminosity to the largest dwarf spheroidal, has a well populated red horizontal branch with a blue HB extension; a substantial carbon star population; and a strong intermediate age stellar component with evidence of a metallicity spread. Isodensity maps show it to be markedly elongated along a direction pointing towards the Galactic centre and suggest that it has been tidally distorted. The close proximity to the Galactic centre, the morphological appearance and the radial velocity of 140 km/s indicate that this system must have undergone at most very few close orbital encounters with the Milky Way. It is currently undergoing strong tidal disruption prior to being integrated into the Galaxy. Probably all of the four globular clusters, M54, Arp 2, Ter 7 and Ter 8, are associated with the Sagittarius dwarf galaxy, and will probably share the fate of their progenitor.
description: MNRAS in press, 22pp uuencoded PS file, 26 printed figures available on request from gil@ast.cam.ac.uk
Universality of soft theorem from locality of soft vertex operators
Creators: name: Higuchi, Sho
name: Kawai, Hikaru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show the universal soft behavior of massless particles at the tree level by considering the operator product expansion of the soft vertex operator with the hard vertex operators. We find that after eliminating total derivative terms the world-sheet integral for the soft vertex is determined only by the regions that are close to the hard verteces. This analyses can be applied to massless particles in various theories such as bosonic closed string, closed superstring and heterotic string. When the hard particle is massive we find that a mixing with different vertex operators occurs.
description: 34 pages, 3 figures
Implications of the dark axion portal for the muon g-2, B-factories, fixed target neutrino experiments and beam dumps
Creators: name: deNiverville, Patrick
name: Lee, Hye-Sung
name: Seo, Min-Seok
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dark axion portal is a recently introduced portal between the standard model and the dark sector. It connects both the dark photon and the axion (or axion-like particle) to the photon simultaneously through an anomaly triangle. While the vector portal and the axion portal have been popular venues to search for the dark photon and axion, respectively, the new portal provides new detection channels if they coexist. The dark axion portal is not a result of the simple combination of the two portals, and its value is not determined by the other portal values; it should be tested independently. In this paper, we discuss implications of the new portal for the leptonic g-2, B-factories, fixed target neutrino experiments, and beam dumps. We provide the model-independent constraints on the axion-photon-dark photon coupling and discuss the sensitivities of the recently activated Belle-II experiment, which will play an important role in testing the new portal.
description: 14 pages, 12 figures. v2 - Additional discussion and references added. v3 - Version accepted for publication by PRD. v4 - Correction to equation following Eq. (15)
The Motions of Clusters of Galaxies and the Dipoles of the Peculiar Velocity Field
Creators: name: Giovanelli, R.
name: Haynes, M.
name: Salzer, J.
name: Wegner, G.
name: da Costa, L.
name: Freudling, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In preceding papers of this series, TF relations for galaxies in 24 clusters with radial velocities between 1000 and 9200 km/s (SCI sample) were obtained, a Tully-Fisher (TF) template relation was constructed and mean offsets of each cluster with respect to the template obtained. Here, an estimate of the line-of-sight peculiar velocities of the clusters and their associated errors are given. It is found that cluster peculiar velocities in the Cosmic Microwave Background reference frame do not exceed 600 k/ms and that their distribution has a line-of-sight dispersion of 300 k/ms, suggesting a more quiescent cluster peculiar velocity field than previously reported. When measured in a reference frame in which the Local Group is at rest, the set of clusters at cz > 3000 km/s exhibits a dipole moment in agreement with that of the CMB, both in amplitude and apex direction. It is estimated that the bulk flow of a sphere of 6000 km/s radius in the CMB reference frame is between 140 and 320 km/s. These results are in agreement with those obtained from an independent sample of field galaxies (Giovanelli et al. 1998; see astro-ph/9807274)
description: 9 pages, 2 tables, 7 figures, uses AAS LaTex; to appear in AJ
L’art de « chercher des poux dans la crinière des lions ». Flaubert et la tradition des classiques corrigés
Creators: name: CÉRÉdI
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2017

description: created: Stéphane Zékian
Additional file 3 of Exosomal microRNAs are novel circulating biomarkers in cigarette, waterpipe smokers, E-cigarette users and dual smokers
Creators: name: Singh, Kameshwar P.
name: Maremanda, Krishna P.
name: Li, Dongmei
name: Rahman, Irfan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Mental Health

description: Additional file 3: Supplementary Table 3. Differential expressed microRNAs from plasma exosomes from waterpipe smokers in comparison to non-smokers.
Interactions and magnetotransport through spin-valley coupled Landau levels in monolayer MoS$_{2}$
Creators: name: Pisoni, Riccardo
name: Kormányos, Andor
name: Brooks, Matthew
name: Lei, Zijin
name: Back, Patrick
name: Eich, Marius
name: Overweg, Hiske
name: Lee, Yongjin
name: Rickhaus, Peter
name: Watanabe, Kenji
name: Taniguchi, Takashi
name: Imamoglu, Atac
name: Burkard, Guido
name: Ihn, Thomas
name: Ensslin, Klaus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The strong spin-orbit coupling and the broken inversion symmetry in monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) results in spin-valley coupled band structures. Such a band structure leads to novel applications in the fields of electronics and optoelectronics. Density functional theory calculations as well as optical experiments have focused on spin-valley coupling in the valence band. Here we present magnetotransport experiments on high-quality n-type monolayer molybdenum disulphide (MoS$_{2}$) samples, displaying highly resolved Shubnikov-de Haas oscillations at magnetic fields as low as $2~T$. We find the effective mass $0.7~m_{e}$, about twice as large as theoretically predicted and almost independent of magnetic field and carrier density. We further detect the occupation of the second spin-orbit split band at an energy of about $15~meV$, i.e. about a factor $5$ larger than predicted. In addition, we demonstrate an intricate Landau level spectrum arising from a complex interplay between a density-dependent Zeeman splitting and spin and valley-split Landau levels. These observations, enabled by the high electronic quality of our samples, testify to the importance of interaction effects in the conduction band of monolayer MoS$_{2}$.
description: Phys.Rev.Lett. (2018)
Laser cooling of YbF molecules for an improved measurement of the electron electric dipole moment
Creators: name: Almond, James Robert
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2017

description: Cold molecules are attractive for a wide range of scientific applications, including quantum computation, the study of chemical reactions, and tests of fundamental physics. Laser cooling has proved to be an invaluable technique in the cooling of atoms. This technique was once thought to be infeasible for molecules, because it is difficult to find a closed cycling transition due to their vibrational structure. Recently, laser cooling of several diatomic species has been demonstrated. These molecules possess electronic transitions with highly diagonal Franck-Condon matrices, which make it possible to drive a quasi-closed cycling transition. Ytterbium fluoride (YbF) molecules are amenable to laser cooling and are especially interesting because they are used to measure the electron's electric dipole moment (eEDM). Measurements of the eEDM test the prediction of theories that extend the Standard Model of particle physics. The sensitivity of an eEDM experiment could be greatly increased by using ultracold molecules produced by direct laser cooling. This thesis presents work done towards producing a laser-cooled beam of YbF for an eEDM experiment. This work includes the construction of the cooling experiment, a novel method for efficiently combining laser beams of very similar frequencies, results of spectroscopic measurements to find the required transitions for laser cooling, the results of initial optical cycling experiments, and the first laser cooling results of YbF. Using a one-dimensional optical molasses, a beam of molecules is Doppler cooled in one transverse direction to a temperature of approximately 70 mK. Preliminary evidence of cooling to lower temperatures through a Sisyphus mechanism is also presented. Finally, paths towards improving the laser cooling are suggested. The work opens the door to improved measurements of the eEDM using ultracold YbF molecules.
How much of the extreme luminosity of IRAS F10214+4724 can be attributed to gravitational lensing
Creators: name: Trentham, Neil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: \noindent The galaxy IRAS F10214+4724, discovered in a spectroscopic survey of a 0.2 Jy sample by Rowan-Robinson and collaborators in 1991, is significantly more luminous than any other known galaxy. Its bolometric luminosity is comparable to those of the most luminous quasars. Recent obsservations have revealed a candidate foreground group of galaxies, which might gravitationally lens F10214+4724, thus explaining much of its luminosity. High-resolution imaging of F10214+4724 has revealed that most of its near-IR flux comes from a circularly symmetric arc; this also supports the gravitational lens interpretation. In such a scenario, F10214+4724 would be the high-redshift analogue of the ultraluminous IRAS galaxies observed locally. This work presents a simple statistical lensing model to investigate this possibility.
description: 30 pages, available by at ftp://hubble.ifa.hawaii.edu/pub/nat
Bruta Linnaeus, 1758, ord. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Bruta

description: Bruta [ord. nov.]
II. BRUTA.
Dentes Primores nulli utrinque.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 33, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Search for new phenomena using the invariant mass distribution of same-flavour opposite-sign dilepton pairs in events with missing transverse momentum in $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV $pp$ collisions with the ATLAS detector
Creators: name: ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A search for new phenomena in final states containing an $e^+e^-$ or $μ^+μ^-$ pair, jets, and large missing transverse momentum is presented. This analysis makes use of proton--proton collision data with an integrated luminosity of $36.1 \; \mathrm{fb}^{-1}$, collected during 2015 and 2016 at a centre-of-mass energy $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. The search targets the pair production of supersymmetric coloured particles (squarks or gluinos) and their decays into final states containing an $e^+e^-$ or $μ^+μ^-$ pair and the lightest neutralino ($\tildeχ_1^0$) via one of two next-to-lightest neutralino ($\tildeχ_2^0$) decay mechanisms: $\tildeχ_2^0 \rightarrow Z \tildeχ_1^0$, where the $Z$ boson decays leptonically leading to a peak in the dilepton invariant mass distribution around the $Z$ boson mass; and $\tildeχ_2^0 \rightarrow \ell^+\ell^- \tildeχ_1^0$ with no intermediate $\ell^+\ell^-$ resonance, yielding a kinematic endpoint in the dilepton invariant mass spectrum. The data are found to be consistent with the Standard Model expectation. Results are interpreted using simplified models, and exclude gluinos and squarks with masses as large as 1.85 TeV and 1.3 TeV at 95% confidence level, respectively.
description: 61 pages in total, authorlist starting page 45, 15 figures, 8 tables, submitted to EPJC. All figures including auxiliary figures are available at http://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/SUSY-2016-33
X-ray Constraints on Accretion and Starburst Processes in Galactic Nuclei I. Spectral Results
Creators: name: Ptak, A.
name: Serlemitsos, P.
name: Yaqoob, T.
name: Mushotzky, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The results of a 0.4-10.0 keV ASCA spectral analysis of a sample of low-luminosity AGN (LLAGN; M51, NGC 3147, NGC 4258), low-ionization nuclear emission line regions (LINERs; NGC 3079, NGC 3310, NGC 3998, NGC 4579, NGC 4594) and starburst galaxies (M82, NGC 253, NGC 3628 and NGC 6946) are presented. In spite of the heterogeneous optical classifications of these galaxies, the X-ray spectra are fit well by a ``canonical'' model consisting of an optically-thin Raymond-Smith plasma ``soft'' component with T ~ 7 x 10^6 K and a ``hard'' component that can be modeled by either a power-law with a photon index ~ 1.7 or a thermal bremsstrahlung with T ~ 6 x 10^7 K. The soft-component 0.4-10 keV instrinsic luminosities tend to be on the order 10^39-40 ergs/s while the hard-component luminosities tend to be on the order of 10^40-41 ergs/s. The detection of line emission is discussed. An analysis of the short-term variability properties was given in Ptak et al. (1998) and detailed interpretation of these results will be given in Paper II. (abridged)
description: Accepted for Jan. 99 issue of ApJS. 35 pages with embedded postscript figures. 8 large tables included externally as postscript files
Trichechus manatus Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Sirenia
Trichechidae
Trichechus
Trichechus manatus

description: Trichechus manatus [spec. nov.]
Trichecus. Art. gen. 79 syn. 107. Syst. nat. 37.
Manatus. Rond. pisc. 490. Gesn. pisc. 213. Hern. mex. 323.
Manati. Clus. exot. 133. Aldr. pisc. 728.
Manati. S. Vacca marina. Raj. quadr. 193.
Habitat in Mari Americano.
Labium superius muricatum Vibrissis rigidis, incurvis.
Pili corporis remoti, breves. Pedes antici abbreviati, palmati, unguiculati; postici coadunati. Mammae 2. pectorales.
Edit vegetabilia; mansuescit; musica delectatur. Caro esculenta.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 34, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Unfolding of the von Willebrand factor A2 domain
Creators: name: Lynch, Christopher
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2017

description: von Willebrand factor (VWF) is a multidomain glycoprotein that has well-established functions in haemostasis and thrombosis. The lack of a constraining disulphide bond results in unfolding of its VWF A2 domain under rheological forces in the vasculature. This unfolding of the VWF A2 domain is an important aspect of VWF function, as it facilitates the proteolysis and regulation by the plasma metalloprotease ADAMTS13. In this thesis, I investigate the structural elements of the VWF A2 domain that control its transition from folded to unfolded state. Dye binding measurements made during the temperature-induced unfolding of a recombinant VWF A2 domain fragment revealed that its calcium binding site (CBS) and vicinal disulphide bond (VicCC) both stabilise the VWF A2 domain and do so in a cooperative manner. Disruption of the CBS and VicCC in full-length recombinant VWF (FLVWF) results in its spontaneous cleavage by ADAMTS13. Temperature-induced unfolding of the VWF A2 domain was also used to examine the role of N-glycosylation on VWF A2 domain stability. Production and analysis of truncated glycan variants of the VWF A2 domain indicated that the N1574 glycan most likely stabilises the VWF A2 domain through an interaction of its first sugar moiety (GlcNAc) with VWF A2 residue Y1544. Stabilisation provided by N1574-GlcNAc impedes interaction with ADAMTS13. The triad of structural features of the VWF A2 domain, the CBS, VicCC and N1574-glycan, therefore collectively provides folding stability. I have also begun an investigation into the consequence of genetic mutation of residues within the VWF A2 domain. I introduced 34 mutations (that naturally occur and are described within the von Willebrand Disease, VWD, mutation database) into FLVWF, the isolated VWF A2 domain, an A1A2A3 domain fragment and a newly developed VWF A2 FRET construct. Preliminary results suggest that the latter construct may be informative in understanding the molecular basis of a subtype of VWD. Collectively, my findings help to clarify how the functions of VWF are controlled by conformational changes in the VWF A2 domain.
Can the Tully-Fisher Relation be the Result of Initial Conditions?
Creators: name: Eisenstein, Daniel J.
name: Loeb, Abraham
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use Monte Carlo realizations of halo formation histories and a spherical accretion model to calculate the expected scatter in the velocity dispersions of galactic halos of a given mass due to differences in their formation times. Assuming that the rotational velocity of a spiral galaxy is determined by the velocity dispersion of its halo and that its luminosity is related to its total baryonic mass, this scatter translates to a minimum intrinsic scatter in the Tully-Fisher relation. For popular cosmological models we find that the scatter due to variations in formation histories is by itself greater than allowed by observations. Unless halos of spiral galaxies formed at high redshift (z>1) and did not later accrete any significant amount of mass, the Tully-Fisher relation is not likely to be the direct result of cosmological initial conditions but rather a consequence of a subsequent feedback process.
description: 14 pages, uuencoded compressed Postscript, 2 figures included