cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Lie-algebraic approach to one-dimensional translationally invariant free-fermionic dissipative systems
Creators: name: Bakker, L. R.
name: Yashin, V. I.
name: Kurlov, D. V.
name: Fedorov, A. K.
name: Gritsev, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study dissipative translationally invariant free-fermionic theories with quadratic Liouvillians. Using a Lie-algebraic approach, we solve the Lindblad equation and find the density matrix at all times for arbitrary time dependence of the Liouvillian. We then investigate the Liouvillian spectral properties and derive a generic criterion for the closure of the dissipative gap, which is believed to be linked with nonequilibrium dissipative phase transitions. We illustrate our findings with a few exotic examples. Particularly, we show the presence of gapless modes with a linear spectrum for fermions with long-range hopping, which might be related to nonunitary conformal field theories. The predicted effects can be probed in experiments with ultracold atomic and quantum-optical systems using currently available experimental facilities.
description: 13 pages, 2 figures
Weeping on cue : the socio-legal construction of motherhood in the Chamberlain case
Creators: name: Cunliffe, Emma
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This thesis considers the influence and effect of the dominant Australian ideology of motherhood on the Chamberlain case. Lindy Chamberlain was convicted on 29 October 1982 of murdering her baby daughter, Azaria. Her conviction was overturned in 1988 after a Royal Commission into her trial. Two main explanations have been proposed for Chamberlain's wrongful conviction. The first explanation is that the scientific evidence adduced in support of the prosecution was seriously flawed. The second is that Chamberlain's right to a fair trial was prejudiced by the enormous media attention focused on the case. I argue that each of these factors influenced the jury's decision to convict Chamberlain but that each factor and the outcome of the case were also affected by the jury's assessment of Chamberlain as a mother. The failure of the scientific evidence was also at least partly attributable to the fact that certain scientists, convinced on the basis of behavioural evidence that Chamberlain was guilty of murdering Azaria, conducted their scientific investigation with tunnel vision and therefore overlooked anomalies that invalidated their results. The scientific and media discourses were also influenced by the dominant ideology of motherhood. I have identified at least three discursive constructions of motherhood in the Chamberlain case. The Crown presented Chamberlain as a murdering mother, whose strange behaviour after Azaria's disappearance could be attributed to her guilt. The defence sought to construct Chamberlain as a good mother - sentimental and loving - who related normally to her daughter and who deeply grieved Azaria's death. Chamberlain presented her own view of herself as innocent yet angry at the misappropriation of her daughter's memory and at the damage that the legal process and media attention had inflicted on her family. The disjuncture between Chamberlain's persona and the mother constructed by the defence likely served to entrench juror suspicions about Chamberlain's honesty and the bona fides of the defence as a whole. I have drawn on a unique source of information - the notes taken by juror Yvonne Cain throughout the trial and jury deliberations - to demonstrate the relative influences of media, science and common sense notions of motherhood. These notes suggest that the jurors' assessment of Chamberlain as a mother was crucial to the decision to find her guilty of murder. They also provide some insight into the method by which juries construct a case story and seek to assimilate evidence into that story.
Mesochorus macrophyae Schwenke 1999
Creators: name: Riedel, Ravenhorst Matthias
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Ichneumonidae
Mesochorus
Mesochorus macrophyae

description: Mesochorus macrophyae SCHWENKE , 1999: 70
 Holotypus: (♀) L. 30.8.1961 Alfeld Han.; ex Macrophya punctum-album L. (Tenthr.) (Munich).
 Ta xo n om i c a l r e m a r k: This species wasincluded into the M. fulvus -group by SCHWENKE (1999). The colour of the body is mainly reddish-yellow, but the apices of hind tibiae and 1 st and 2 nd tergites are distinctly brownish darkened. In my opinion, this species belongs to the M. declinans -group sensu SCHWENKE (1999: 34). Adetailed description and illustrations of this taxon will be given in a subsequent publication (RIEDEL 2018)
description: Published as part of Riedel, Ravenhorst Matthias, 2018, Contribution to the Palaearctic species of Mesochorus G (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Mesochorinae): 1. The M. fulvus-group, pp. 687-716 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 50 (1) on page 702, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4031076
Dunkl symplectic algebra in generalized Calogero models
Creators: name: Hakobyan, Tigran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the properties of the symplectic sp(2N) algebra deformed using Dunkl operators, which describe the dynamical symmetry of the generalized N-particle quantum Calogero model. It contains a symmetry subalgebra formed by the deformed unitary generators as well as the (nondeformed) sl(2,R) conformal subalgebra. An explicit relation among the deformed symplectic generators is derived. Based on the matching between the Casimir elements of the conformal spin and Dunkl angular momentum algebras, the independent wavefunctions of the both the standard and generalized Calogero models, expressed in terms of the deformed spherical harmonics, are classified according to infinite-dimensional lowest-state sl(2,R) multiplets. Meanwhile, any polynomial integral of motion of the (generalized) Calogero-Moser model generates a finite-dimensional highest-state conformal multiplet with descendants expressed via the Weyl-ordered product in quantum field theory.
description: 19 pages, text clarified, references added, typos fixed
Mean lifetime of a false vacuum in terms of the Krylov-Fock non-escape probability
Creators: name: Maziashvili, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Krylov-Fock expression of non-decay (or survival) probability, which allows to evaluate the deviations from the exponential decay law (nowadays well established experimentally), is more informative as it readily provides the distribution function for the lifetime as a random quantity. Guided by the well established formalism for describing nuclear alpha decay, we use this distribution function to figure out the mean value of lifetime and its fluctuation rate. This theoretical framework is of considerable interest inasmuch as it allows an experimental verification. Next, we apply the Krylov-Fock approach to the decay of a metastable state at a finite temperature in the framework of thermo-field dynamics. In contrast to the existing formalism, this approach shows the interference effect between the tunnelings from different metastable states as well as between the tunneling and the barrier hopping. This effect looks quite natural in the framework of consistent quantum mechanical description as a manifestation of the "double-slit experiment". In the end we discuss the field theory applications of the results obtained.
description: 14 pages
Taming the diffusion approximation through a controlling-factor WKB method
Creators: name: Pande, Jayant
name: Shnerb, Nadav M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The diffusion approximation (DA) is widely used in the analysis of stochastic population dynamics, from population genetics to ecology and evolution. DA is an uncontrolled approximation that assumes the smoothness of the calculated quantity over the relevant state space and fails when this property is not satisfied. This failure becomes severe in situations where the direction of selection switches sign. Here we employ the WKB (large-deviations) method, which requires only the logarithm of a given quantity to be smooth over its state space. Combining the WKB scheme with asymptotic matching techniques, we show how to derive the diffusion approximation in a controlled manner and how to produce better approximations, applicable for much wider regimes of parameters. We also introduce a scalable (independent of population size) WKB-based numerical technique. The method is applied to a central problem in population genetics and evolution, finding the chance of ultimate fixation in a zero-sum, two-types competition.
Multipole engineering for enhanced backscattering modulation
Creators: name: Dobrykh, Dmitry
name: Shakirova, Diana
name: Krasikov, Sergey
name: Yusupov, Anna Mikhailovskaya Ildar
name: Slobozhanyuk, Alexey
name: Ladutenko, Konstantin
name: Filonov, Dmitry
name: Bogdanov, Andrey
name: Ginzburg, Pavel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An efficient modulation of backscattered energy is one of the key requirements for enabling efficient wireless communication channels. Typical architectures, being based on either electronically or mechanically modulated reflectors, cannot be downscaled to subwavelengths dimensions by design. Here we show that integrating high-index dielectric materials with tunable subwavelength resonators allows achieving an efficient backscattering modulation, keeping a footprint of an entire structure small. An interference between high-order Mie resonances leads to either enhancement or suppression of the backscattering, depending on a control parameter. In particular, a ceramic core-shell, driven by an electronically tunable split ring resonator was shown to provide a backscattering modulation depth as high as tens of the geometrical cross-section of the structure. The design was optimized towards maximizing reading range of radio frequency identification (RFID) tags and shown to outperform existing commercial solutions by orders of magnitude in terms of the modulation efficiency. The proposed concept of multipole engineering allows one to design a new generation of miniature beacons and modulators for wireless communication needs and other relevant applications.
Fast Automatic Visibility Optimization for Thermal Synthetic Aperture Visualization
Creators: name: Kurmi, Indrajit
name: Schedl, David C.
name: Bimber, Oliver
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this article, we describe and validate the first fully automatic parameter optimization for thermal synthetic aperture visualization. It replaces previous manual exploration of the parameter space, which is time consuming and error prone. We prove that the visibility of targets in thermal integral images is proportional to the variance of the targets' image. Since this is invariant to occlusion it represents a suitable objective function for optimization. Our findings have the potential to enable fully autonomous search and recuse operations with camera drones.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, 1 table, in IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters, 2020
Let Effective Field Theory of Inflation flow: stochastic generation of models with red/blue tensor tilt
Creators: name: Capurri, Giulia
name: Bartolo, Nicola
name: Maino, Davide
name: Matarrese, Sabino
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extend the method of Flow Equations to the Effective Field Theory framework of inflation, in order to investigate the observable predictions of a very broad class of inflationary models. Focusing our attention on the gravitational-wave sector, we derive a general expression for the consistency relation for effective models and provide a numerical implementation which allows to study how the generated models populate the $(r,nt)$ plane. We analyse $5 \times 10^{4}$ realizations of inflationary scenarios that respect the Null-Energy Condition ($ε> 0$) and $5 \times 10^{4}$ realizations that violate it ($ε> 0$). In both cases, 90% of the viable models are below the most recent upper bound on the tensor-to-scalar ratio from Planck and BICEP2/Keck Array BK15 data: $r_{0.002} < 0.056$ at 95 % CL. We find that general EFT inflationary models with $ε> 0$ are typically characterized by $n_{t} < 0$, whereas the vast majority of NEC-violating models presents a blue-tilted spectrum ($n_{t} > 0$). Since a blue tensor spectral index implies more power on small scales, this result is of considerable interest in view of a possible direct detection of the primordial gravitational-wave background.
description: 24 pages, 5 figures. Replaced to match the version to appear in JCAP
Phase diagram and specific heat of a nonequilibrium Curie-Weiss model
Creators: name: Beyen, Aaron
name: Maes, Christian
name: Maes, Irene
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Adding activity or driving to a thermal system may modify its phase diagram and response functions. We study that effect for a Curie-Weiss model where the thermal bath switches rapidly between two temperatures. The critical temperature moves with the nonequilibrium driving, opening up a new region of stability for the paramagnetic phase (zero magnetization) at low temperatures. Furthermore, phase coexistence between the paramagnetic and ferromagnetic phases becomes possible at low temperatures. Following the excess heat formalism, we calculate the nonequilibrium thermal response and study its behaviour near phase transitions. Where the specific heat at the critical point makes a finite jump in equilibrium (discontinuity), it diverges once we add the second thermal bath. Finally, (also) the nonequilibrium specific heat goes to zero exponentially fast with vanishing temperature, realizing an extended Third Law.
description: 33 pages, 9 figures
Farming Exit Decision by Age Group: Analysis of Tobacco Buyout Impact in Kentucky
Creators: name: Pushkarskaya, Helen N.
name: Vedenov, Dmitry V.
name: Pushkarskaya, Helen N.
name: Vedenov, Dmitry V.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Farm Management
subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Production Economics
subject: age group
subject: industry exit
subject: tobacco buyout
subject: tobacco farming

description: This article analyzes factors that affected the decision to exit tobacco production in the wake of the tobacco buyout program using the data collected through a survey of Kentucky tobacco farmers. Using the Heuristic logistic regression model, we find that the decision to exit tobacco growing was affected by efficiency considerations, availability of off-farm employment, and exit barriers. Availability of off-farm employment had the strongest effect on farmers younger than 46, while the effect of variables measuring efficiency and exit barriers seemed to be more uniform across age groups. Based on the results we suggest several policy interventions.
title: L' authenticité comme norme de l’interprétation musicale
Creators: name: Allix, Louis
Publisher: name: Savoirs en prisme
Year: 2013

description: Les œuvres picturales ou architecturales nous sont données immédiatement. En musique, en revanche, pour expérimenter l’œuvre originale, il faut qu’elle soit jouée de façon authentique, c’est-à-dire en respectant les instructions du compositeur telles qu’exposées sur la partition. Cependant, la recherche de l’authenticité dans l’interprétation musicale pose de nombreux problèmes tant d’ordre technique qu’esthétique. De surcroît, on peut se demander si, en s’efforçant de respecter à la lettre les instructions des compositeurs ainsi que les conditions générales d’exécution des œuvres du passé, on ne trahit pas des principes plus fondamentaux de l’art musical.
description: Savoirs en prisme, No. 02 (2013): Normes, marges, transgressions
Robust Vision Using Retro Reflective Markers for Remote Handling in ITER
Creators: name: Ribeiro, Laura Goncalves
name: Suominen, Olli J.
name: Peltonen, Sari
name: Morales, Emilio Ruiz
name: Gotchev, Atanas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: ITER's working environment is characterized by extreme conditions, that deem maintenance and inspection tasks to be carried out through remote handling. 3D Node is a hardware/software module that extracts critical information from the remote environment during fine alignment tasks using an eye-in-hand camera system and updates the models behind the virtual reality-based remote handling platform. In this work we develop a retro-reflective marker-based version of 3D Node that estimates the pose of a planar target, the knuckle of the cassette locking system, using the markers attached to its surface. We demonstrate a pin-tool insertion task using these methods. Results show that our approach works reliably with a single low-resolution camera and outperforms the previously researched stereo depth estimation based approaches. We conclude that retro-reflective marker-based tracking has the potential to be a key enabler for remote handling operations in ITER.
description: Accepted Version
Harrison transformation of hyperelliptic solutions and charged dust disks
Creators: name: Klein, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use a Harrison transformation on solutions to the stationary axisymmetric Einstein equations to generate solutions of the Einstein-Maxwell equations. The case of hyperelliptic solutions to the Ernst equation is studied in detail. Analytic expressions for the metric and the multipole moments are obtained. As an example we consider the transformation of a family of counter-rotating dust disks. The resulting solutions can be interpreted as disks with currents and matter with a purely azimuthal pressure or as two streams of freely moving charged particles. We discuss interesting limiting cases as the extreme limit where the charge becomes identical to the mass, and the ultrarelativistic limit where the central redshift diverges.
description: 20 pages, 9 figures
title: « Apocalypses béatifiques » de l’ordre et du chaos dans Les portes de la perception d’Aldous Huxley
Creators: name: Bennett, Fionn
Publisher: name: Savoirs en prisme
Year: 2013

description: Hallucinant sous l’influence de la mescaline, Aldous Huxley avait du mal à répondre aux questions qu’on lui posait à propos des choses qu’il voyait. Ces interrogations, disait-il, étaient pertinentes seulement aux objets que l’on trouve dans l’univers qu’il avait quitté quand il était entré dans « l’expérience mescaline ». Désireux de rendre compte de l’« aphasie » apparente d’Huxley, la présente étude entreprend une « étiologie » de ce que l’auteur anglais a identifié comme « le langage commun ». Elle postule que les difficultés d’Huxley reflètent le fait que le langage qu’il utilisait est un outil « apophantique » d’une certaine « vision béatifique ». Non pas l’apocalypse du « devenir pur » qu’Huxley apercevait lorsqu’il hallucinait, mais plutôt ces « thaumatos phasmata » dont parlait Platon dans divers dialogues. Ceux que nous voyons si nos perceptions sont modulées de telle façon que chaque phénomène que nous observons apparaît « statique », « eidétique » ou « monadique ». En d’autres termes, une vision qui nous empêche d’appréhender la « félicité éblouissante » dont Huxley était témoin dans son « expérience mescaline ». Outre la tentative de justifier la prétention que le langage commun a été « suborné » au profit des phasmata eidétiques de Platon, cette étude évalue à quel point Huxley a réussi dans son essai de traduire sa vision béatifique du chaos dans un langage conçu pour le rendre indicible.
description: Savoirs en prisme, No. 02 (2013): Normes, marges, transgressions
Additional file 1 of Establishing the efficacy of interventions to improve health literacy and health behaviours: a systematic review
Creators: name: Walters, Ronie
name: Leslie, Stephen J.
name: Polson, Rob
name: Cusack, Tara
name: Gorely, Trish
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Table 1. PRISMA-S, search results, screening decisions and search strategies.
MPEC 2024-T274 : 2024 TU13
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2024 TU13

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Additional file 1 of SHOX2 gene methylation in Egyptians having lung cancer
Creators: name: Rizk, Mohamed Mostafa Mohamed Ahmed
name: Helal, Suzan Mohamed Farouk
name: Gad, Ahmed Youssef Shaaban
name: Younan, Doreen Nazeih Assaad
name: Moemen, Salma Abd El Maguid Mohamed Ramadan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. PCR cycling protocol.
Comment on "Defining the electromagnetic potentials"
Creators: name: van Hees, Hendrik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this comment it is argued that the argument for a unique determination of the electromagnetic potentials in classical electrodynamics in [1] is flawed. To the contrary the "gauge freedom" of the electromagnetic potentials has proven as one of the most important properties in the development of modern physics, where local gauge invariance with its extension to non-Abelian gauge groups is a key feature in the formulation of the Standard Model of elementary particles in terms of a relativistic quantum field theory. [1] A. Davis, Eur. J. Phys. 41, 045202 (2020)
description: 9 pages; v2: version accepted for publication in Eur. J. Phys
The SAT Practitioner's Manifesto
Creators: name: Biere, Armin
name: Järvisalo, Matti
name: Le Berre, Daniel
name: Meel, Kuldeep S.
name: Mengel, Stefan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: manifesto
SAT
experimental evaluation
benchmarks

description: During the Pragmatics of SAT workshop, the SAT community decided to publish some guidelines regarding requirements for evaluating systems and publish its results. This manifesto is the results of such discussion.
Molecular Quantum Wakes for Clearing Fog
Creators: name: Schroeder, Malte C.
name: Larkin, Ilia
name: Produit, Thomas
name: Rosenthal, Eric W.
name: Milchberg, Howard
name: Wolf, Jean-Pierre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High intensity laser filamentation in air has recently demonstrated that, through plasma generation and its associated shockwave, fog can be cleared around the beam, leaving an optically transparent path to transmit light. However, for practical applications like free-space optical communication (FSO), channels of multi-centimeter diameters over kilometer ranges are required, which is extremely challenging for a plasma based method. Here we report a radically different approach, based on quantum control. We demonstrate that fog clearing can also be achieved by producing molecular quantum wakes in air, and that neither plasma generation nor filamentation are required. The effect is clearly associated with the rephasing time of the rotational wave packet in N2.Pump excitation provided in the form of resonant trains of 8 pulses separated by the revival time are able to transmit optical data through fog with initial extinction as much as -6 dB.
Current production in ring condensates with a weak link
Creators: name: Pérez-Obiol, Axel
name: Polo, Juan
name: Cheon, Taksu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider attractive and repulsive condensates in a ring trap stirred by a weak link, and analyze the spectrum of solitonic trains dragged by the link, by means of analytical expressions for the wave functions, energies and currents. The precise evolution of current production and destruction in terms of defect formation in the ring and in terms of stirring is studied. We find that any excited state can be coupled to the ground state through two proposed methods: either by adiabatically tuning the link's strength and velocity through precise cycles which avoid the critical velocities and thus unstable regions, or by keeping the link still while setting an auxiliary potential and imprinting a nonlinear phase as the potential is turned off. We also analyze hysteresis cycles through the spectrum of energies and currents.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures
Additional file 6 of Resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta may contribute to improved survival
Creators: name: Aoki, Makoto
name: Abe, Toshikazu
name: Hagiwara, Shuichi
name: Daizoh Saitoh
name: Kiyohiro Oshima
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 20199 Astronomical and Space Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 6: Table S6. Characteristics of matched patients with and without REBOA.
Additional file 5 of Resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta may contribute to improved survival
Creators: name: Aoki, Makoto
name: Abe, Toshikazu
name: Hagiwara, Shuichi
name: Daizoh Saitoh
name: Kiyohiro Oshima
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 20199 Astronomical and Space Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 5: Table S5. Summary of previous studies about survival of REBOA patients.
Triple descent and the two kinds of overfitting: Where & why do they appear?
Creators: name: d'Ascoli, Stéphane
name: Sagun, Levent
name: Biroli, Giulio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A recent line of research has highlighted the existence of a "double descent" phenomenon in deep learning, whereby increasing the number of training examples $N$ causes the generalization error of neural networks to peak when $N$ is of the same order as the number of parameters $P$. In earlier works, a similar phenomenon was shown to exist in simpler models such as linear regression, where the peak instead occurs when $N$ is equal to the input dimension $D$. Since both peaks coincide with the interpolation threshold, they are often conflated in the litterature. In this paper, we show that despite their apparent similarity, these two scenarios are inherently different. In fact, both peaks can co-exist when neural networks are applied to noisy regression tasks. The relative size of the peaks is then governed by the degree of nonlinearity of the activation function. Building on recent developments in the analysis of random feature models, we provide a theoretical ground for this sample-wise triple descent. As shown previously, the nonlinear peak at $N\!=\!P$ is a true divergence caused by the extreme sensitivity of the output function to both the noise corrupting the labels and the initialization of the random features (or the weights in neural networks). This peak survives in the absence of noise, but can be suppressed by regularization. In contrast, the linear peak at $N\!=\!D$ is solely due to overfitting the noise in the labels, and forms earlier during training. We show that this peak is implicitly regularized by the nonlinearity, which is why it only becomes salient at high noise and is weakly affected by explicit regularization. Throughout the paper, we compare analytical results obtained in the random feature model with the outcomes of numerical experiments involving deep neural networks.
Additional file 5 of Quality of life assessment instruments for adults: a systematic review of population-based studies
Creators: name: Pequeno, Nila Patrícia Freire
name: Cabral, Natália Louise De Araújo
name: Marchioni, Dirce Maria
name: Lima, Severina Carla Vieira Cunha
name: Lyra, Clélia De Oliveira
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: Medicine
Biotechnology
Cancer
Science Policy

description: Additional file 5. Suppl Table 1. Characteristics of the studies and population-based surveys of quality of life 2008–2018.
Best Management Practices to Enhance Water Quality: Who is Adopting Them?
Creators: name: Ghazalian, Pascal L.
name: Larue, Bruno
name: West, Gale E.
name: Ghazalian, Pascal L.
name: Larue, Bruno
name: West, Gale E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Farm Management
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: adoption
subject: Bayesian analysis
subject: best management practices
subject: priors
subject: runoff
subject: water quality

description: This study investigates the determinants affecting producers’ adoption of some Best Management Practices (BMPs). Priors about the signs of certain variables are explicitly accounted for by testing for inequality restrictions through importance sampling. Education, gender, age, and on-farm residence are found to have significant effects on the adoption of some BMPs. Farms with larger animal production are more apt to implement manure management practices, crop rotation, and riparian buffer strips. Also, farms with larger cultivated acres are more inclined to implement herbicide control practices, crop rotation, and riparian buffer strips. Belonging to an agro-environment club has a positive impact for most BMPs.
Interacting double dimer model on the square lattice
Creators: name: Wilkins, Neil
name: Powell, Stephen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study phases and transitions of the square-lattice double dimer model, consisting of two coupled replicas of the classical dimer model. As on the cubic lattice, we find a thermal phase transition from the Coulomb phase, a disordered but correlated dimer liquid, to a phase where fluctuations of the two replicas are closely synchronized with one another. Surprisingly, and in contrast to the cubic case, the phase boundary includes the noninteracting point, as we establish using a symmetry-based analysis of an effective height theory, indicating that infinitesimal coupling is sufficient to synchronize the double dimer model. In addition, we observe a novel antisynchronized phase when the coupling between replicas is repulsive, and use Monte Carlo simulations to establish the full phase diagram, including (anti)synchronized columnar and staggered phases, with interactions between parallel dimers in each replica.
description: 17 pages, 11 figures, 1 table; v2: improved discussion of critical properties in section IV C plus other minor changes
Are Large Language Models a Threat to Digital Public Goods? Evidence from Activity on Stack Overflow
Creators: name: del Rio-Chanona, Maria
name: Laurentsyeva, Nadzeya
name: Wachs, Johannes
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Large language models like ChatGPT efficiently provide users with information about various topics, presenting a potential substitute for searching the web and asking people for help online. But since users interact privately with the model, these models may drastically reduce the amount of publicly available human-generated data and knowledge resources. This substitution can present a significant problem in securing training data for future models. In this work, we investigate how the release of ChatGPT changed human-generated open data on the web by analyzing the activity on Stack Overflow, the leading online Q\&A platform for computer programming. We find that relative to its Russian and Chinese counterparts, where access to ChatGPT is limited, and to similar forums for mathematics, where ChatGPT is less capable, activity on Stack Overflow significantly decreased. A difference-in-differences model estimates a 16\% decrease in weekly posts on Stack Overflow. This effect increases in magnitude over time, and is larger for posts related to the most widely used programming languages. Posts made after ChatGPT get similar voting scores than before, suggesting that ChatGPT is not merely displacing duplicate or low-quality content. These results suggest that more users are adopting large language models to answer questions and they are better substitutes for Stack Overflow for languages for which they have more training data. Using models like ChatGPT may be more efficient for solving certain programming problems, but its widespread adoption and the resulting shift away from public exchange on the web will limit the open data people and models can learn from in the future.
HAPI: Hardware-Aware Progressive Inference
Creators: name: Laskaridis, Stefanos
name: Venieris, Stylianos I.
name: Kim, Hyeji
name: Lane, Nicholas D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have recently become the state-of-the-art in a diversity of AI tasks. Despite their popularity, CNN inference still comes at a high computational cost. A growing body of work aims to alleviate this by exploiting the difference in the classification difficulty among samples and early-exiting at different stages of the network. Nevertheless, existing studies on early exiting have primarily focused on the training scheme, without considering the use-case requirements or the deployment platform. This work presents HAPI, a novel methodology for generating high-performance early-exit networks by co-optimising the placement of intermediate exits together with the early-exit strategy at inference time. Furthermore, we propose an efficient design space exploration algorithm which enables the faster traversal of a large number of alternative architectures and generates the highest-performing design, tailored to the use-case requirements and target hardware. Quantitative evaluation shows that our system consistently outperforms alternative search mechanisms and state-of-the-art early-exit schemes across various latency budgets. Moreover, it pushes further the performance of highly optimised hand-crafted early-exit CNNs, delivering up to 5.11x speedup over lightweight models on imposed latency-driven SLAs for embedded devices.
description: Accepted at the 39th International Conference on Computer-Aided Design (ICCAD), 2020
Oyster Demand Adjustments to Counter-Information and Source Treatments in Response to Vibrio vulnificus
Creators: name: Morgan, O. Ashton
name: Martin, Gregory S.
name: Huth, William L.
name: Morgan, O. Ashton
name: Martin, Gregory S.
name: Huth, William L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: consumer behavior
subject: information treatments
subject: non-market valuation
subject: optimistic bias
subject: Oyster demand
subject: source credibility
subject: Vibrio vulnificus

description: A web-based contingent behavior analysis was developed to quantify the effect of both negative and positive information treatments and post harvest processes on demand for oysters. Results from a panel model indicate that consumers of raw and cooked oysters behave differently after news of an oyster-related human mortality. While cooked oyster consumers take precautionary measures against risk, raw oyster consumers exhibit optimistic bias and increase their consumption level. Further, by varying the source of a counter-information treatment, we find that source credibility impacts behavior. Oyster consumers, and in particular, raw oyster consumers, are most responsive to information provided by a not-for- profit, nongovernmental organization. Finally, post harvest processing of oysters has no impact on demand.
Thresholdless excitation of edge plasmons by transverse current
Creators: name: Petrov, Aleksandr S.
name: Svintsov, Dmitry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically demonstrate that dc electron flow across the junction of two-dimensional electron systems leads to excitation of edge magnetoplasmons. The threshold current for such plasmon excitation does not depend on contact effects and approaches zero for ballistic electron systems, which makes a strong distinction from the well-known Dyakonov-Shur and Cerenkov-type instabilities. We estimate the competing plasmon energy gain from dc current and loss due to electron scattering. We show that plasmon self excitation is feasible in GaAs-based heterostructures at $T\lesssim 200$ K and magnetic fields $B \lesssim 10$ T.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures
DETERMINANTES DA ERRADICAÇÃO DA FEBRE AFTOSA NO BRASIL
Creators: name: Muller, Carlos Andre Da Silva
name: Mattos, Leonardo Bornacki De
name: Lima, Joao Eustaquio De
name: Muller, Carlos Andre Da Silva
name: Mattos, Leonardo Bornacki De
name: Lima, Joao Eustaquio De
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: foot and mouth disease
subject: Brazil
subject: discriminant analysis
subject: livestock
subject: PNEFA.

description: Foot and mouth disease (FMD) has been a problem for the Brazilian livestock since the XIX century. Once it affects the livestock productivity and has always been a problem for the country exports due to the imposition of sanitary barriers. In 1992, when no state was free from FMD, the National Program for Eradication of FMD (PNEFA) was implemented. Since then good results has been obtained with control and eradication of the disease in some states. However, in other states the problem still persists. It is important to determine why some states have faced difficulties in reaching the status of free from FMD while others not. This work aimed to identify the factors which discriminate the populations of states free from FMD from those not free. The results showed that the private efforts in controlling the disease are the most important variables for differentiating the states free from the non-free ones, together with the lack of public investment. The bad climatic conditions of most of the non-free states seem to contribute to the lack of interest to eradicate the disease. It is suggested attention of the authorities in relation to the state of Alagoas which has presented sufficient scores to be considered free from FMD.
MÉTODOS DE ATRIBUIÇÃO DE CUSTOS CONJUNTOS APLICADOS À ATIVIDADE DE CUNICULTURA: UM ESTUDO DE CASO
Creators: name: Souza, Celia De
name: Souza, Jose Carlos De
name: Faria, Ana Cristina De
name: Souza, Celia De
name: Souza, Jose Carlos De
name: Faria, Ana Cristina De
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: rabbit breeding
subject: joint cost
subject: methods of cost’s allocations.

description: The present article joint costs attribution methods applied to rabbit breeding activity are discussed. In this activity, as well as in other agrobusiness, the costs incurred along the initial phases of the production cannot be directly imputed to the several products generated up to the separation point, but after this point. That is due to the diversity of characteristics presented by the several coproducts and by-products obtained in rabbit breeding. Through a bibliographical research the main methods of attribution of joint costs were verified, and from a case study it is tried to demonstrate the application of these methods in the rabbit breeding. It was verified that the several existent methods are based in tracking of the general production costs before the partition point. It is possible to infer that all of the methods of joint costs attribution can be applied to the rabbit breeding activity, displaying advantages and disadvantages, falling to the manager to decide the best one to be used in his operation. Due to the characteristics of the rabbit breeding, it is considered that the method of the technical indexes is it which would better adapt to this activity.
title: « He fumbles with your Soul » : Emily Dickinson entre le piano et l’univers
Creators: name: Thomières, Daniel
Publisher: name: Savoirs en prisme
Year: 2013

description: Les écrits de la poétesse américaine Emily Dickinson s’attachent à une réflexion sur le moi, le monde et le divin, le moi, tout en refusant les modèles que lui propose la société de son temps, caractérisée entre autres par des réseaux traditionnels de repères sociaux, religieux et psychologiques. Son refus s’étendait aussi au langage conventionnel, corollaire de la pensée puritaine. Écrivant sur les marges, elle cherche à expérimenter avec les mots pour voir jusqu’où il serait possible d’aller. Ses poèmes étaient illisibles par ses contemporains (et de fait non publiés de son vivant). L’étude portera sur le poème “A Bird came down the Walk”, interrogation sur la frontière entre nature et société.
description: Savoirs en prisme, No. 02 (2013): Normes, marges, transgressions
The Rotterdam convention on hazardous chemicals and pesticides : a meaningful step towards environmental protection?
Creators: name: Barrios, Paula
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The export of chemicals that are banned or severely restricted for domestic use in the exporting country for reasons of the environment or health is still a common practice. These double standards have allowed pesticide manufacturers to export hazardous pesticides to developing countries, which have limited capacity to manage them in a safe manner. The consequences are not surprising. It is estimated, for instance, that although the great majority of pesticides are applied in industrialized countries, the majority of poisonings and deaths arising from pesticide use occur in the developing world. In 1998, the Rotterdam Convention was adopted to deal with this and other related problems. The treaty, not yet in force, essentially converted a voluntary system of information exchange and prior informed consent (PIC) into a legally binding procedure. This thesis undertakes a critical evaluation of the Rotterdam Convention. It argues that the treaty is fundamentally flawed, as it does not address some of the essential elements upon which a successful PIC system depends. Furthermore, because it is limited to information exchange and PIC, the convention may well be insufficient to deal with the problems pertaining to hazardous chemicals in an effective manner. In order to substantiate that assertion, the thesis considers the context in which the transfer of hazardous chemicals occurs, and the challenges facing the Rotterdam Convention. It describes the nature of the substances being traded, and explores the pesticides market. It also considers the context in which the North-South transfer of hazardous chemicals develops, and argues that it is primarily an ethical question. As a result, it studies the moral and legal principles that apply to that transfer, and the implications of fully implementing them in the Rotterdam Convention. Then, it undertakes a critical evaluation of the convention's main provisions, considering the voluntary instruments that served as its base. Lastly, it suggests some measures that could be incorporated into the convention for a more successful PIC procedure. However, it warns that a system of PIC may not the most appropriate way of dealing with the problems pertaining to hazardous chemicals and pesticides.
Additional file 3 of Quality of life assessment instruments for adults: a systematic review of population-based studies
Creators: name: Pequeno, Nila Patrícia Freire
name: Cabral, Natália Louise De Araújo
name: Marchioni, Dirce Maria
name: Lima, Severina Carla Vieira Cunha
name: Lyra, Clélia De Oliveira
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: Medicine
Biotechnology
Cancer
Science Policy

description: Additional file 3. LILACS
Additional file 4 of Resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta may contribute to improved survival
Creators: name: Aoki, Makoto
name: Abe, Toshikazu
name: Hagiwara, Shuichi
name: Daizoh Saitoh
name: Kiyohiro Oshima
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 20199 Astronomical and Space Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 4: Table S4. Survival of REBOA patients who had CPR according to calendar year.