cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Evidences for magnetic dimers and skyrmion lattice formation in Eu$_2$Pd$_2$Sn
Creators: name: Sereni, J. G.
name: Čurlik, I.
name: Reiffers, M.
name: Goivannini, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic, thermal and transport properties of the non-centrosymmetric compound Eu$_2$Pd$_2$Sn are revisited after including new measurements. In its paramagnetic phase, the outstanding feature of this compound is the formation of Eu$^{2+}$ dimers that allows to understand the deviation of the magnetic susceptibility $χ(T)$ from the C-W law below about 70\,K, the field dependent magnetization $M(B)$ variation below $\approx 80$\,K and the reduced entropy at the ordering temperature $S(T_N)= 0.64R\ln(8)$. A significant change of the exchange interactions occurs between $T\approx 70$\,K (where $θ_P = 18$\,K) and $T_N = 13.3$\,K (where $θ_P =-4.5$\,K). The strong electronic overlap, arising from the reduced Eu-Eu spacing compared with that of pure Eu$^{2+}$ is expected to power these quasiparticles formation, inducing a significant reformulation of the magnetic structure. A rich magnetic phase diagram is obtained from the analysis of the derivatives of the magnetic parameters: $\partial χ/\partial T$ and $\partial M/\partial B$, and the field dependence of the specific heat. Two critical points are recognized and a tentative description of the magnetic structures is proposed. The possible formation of a skyrmion lattice, that arises from the presence of magnetically frustrated pockets in the phase diagram, is suggested by theoretical studies on hexagonal structures exhibiting similar interactions pattern.
description: 13 pages, 11 figures
Dependence of the electronic structure of $β$-Si$_{6-z}$Al$_{z}$O$_{z}$N$_{8-z}$ on the (Al,O) concentration $z$ and on the temperature
Creators: name: Khan, Saleem Ayaz
name: Šipr, Ondřej
name: Vackář, Jiří
name: Minár, Ján
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: SiAlON is a prominent example of systems suitable as hosts for creating materials for light-emitting diodes (LEDs). In this work, the electronic structure of a series of semiordered and disordered SiAlON systems is investigated by means of ab initio calculations, using the FLAPW and Green function KKR methods. Finite temperature effects are included by averaging over thermodynamic configurations within the alloy analogy model. We found that the dependence of the electronic structure on the (Al,O) concentration $z$ is similar for semiordered and disordered structures. The electronic band gap decreases with increasing $z$ by about 1.5 eV when going from $z$=0 to $z$=2. States at the top of the valence band are mostly associated with N atoms whereas the states at the bottom of the conduction band are mostly derived from O~atoms. Increasing the temperature leads to a shift of the bottom of the conduction band to lower energies. The amount of this shift increases with increasing $z$.
description: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2001.02150
Robin Wall Kimmerer (2013): Braiding Sweetgrass. Indigenous Wisdom, Scientific Knowledge and the Teaching of Plants, Minneapolis, Milkweed Editions
Creators: name: Schöneberg, Julia
Publisher: name: FKW // Zeitschrift für Geschlechterforschung und visuelle Kultur
Year: 2023

description: FKW // Zeitschrift für Geschlechterforschung und visuelle Kultur, No. 72 (2023)
Le rôle du théâtre sur la scène pédagogique
Creators: name: Steinmann, Ophélie
name: Vismara, Martina
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 0
Subjects: subject: enseignement
subject: théâtralité
subject: masque
subject: présence
subject: identité professionnelle
subject: langage non verbal

description: Ce travail se concentre sur les liens entre le théâtre et l’enseignement. Plus précisement, différents éléments tels que les similarités et les différences entre le métier d’enseignant et celui de comédien, la théâtralité dans l’enseignement et les raisons qui poussent les enseignants à modifier leur personnalité en devenant des comédiens en classe sont discutés. Bien que nous ne superposions pas les deux professions, nous montrons que des techniques théâtrales, telles que la voix, la posture et la gestuelle, peuvent être utiles aux enseignants, notamment aux novices. De ce fait, nous mettons en avant les bénéfices de la comédie ainsi que les éléments verbaux et non verbaux utilisés en classe. Nous nous intéressons aussi à la présence de l’enseignant, à la construction d’une nouvelle identité chez ce dernier et aux conséquences qui découlent de la non utilisation de la théâtralité en classe. En dernier lieu, nous confrontons nos expériences personnelles liées à la thématique de notre mémoire en discutant des aspects pour lesquels le théâtre ne joue pas un rôle fondamental – puisqu’ils sont plutôt liés à la personnalité du maître – et, dans un deuxième temps, quels sont ceux pour lesquels la formation théâtrale joue un rôle dans notre enseignement.
description: Mémoire professionnel, Diplôme d'enseignement pour le degré secondaire II
Valerie Powles und die Seefrauen*parade. Künstlerische und kollektive Organisation narrativer Strukturen von Genderwissen
Creators: name: Steidinger, Anja
Publisher: name: FKW // Zeitschrift für Geschlechterforschung und visuelle Kultur
Year: 2023

description: FKW // Zeitschrift für Geschlechterforschung und visuelle Kultur, No. 72 (2023)
Lynn Margulis: Gelebte Vielfalt zum Ausmalen. Wie durch die Vermittlung mikrobiologischen Wissens ein Perspektivwechsel auf die binäre Ordnung der Geschlechter eröffnet wird
Creators: name: Oestreicher, Anthea
name: Reitschuster, Lena
Publisher: name: FKW // Zeitschrift für Geschlechterforschung und visuelle Kultur
Year: 2023

description: FKW // Zeitschrift für Geschlechterforschung und visuelle Kultur, No. 72 (2023)
High Temperature Superconductivity in the Cuprates
Creators: name: Keimer, B.
name: Kivelson, S. A.
name: Norman, M. R.
name: Uchida, S.
name: Zaanen, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The discovery of high temperature superconductivity in the cuprates in 1986 triggered a spectacular outpouring of creative and innovative scientific inquiry. Much has been learned over the ensuing 28 years about the novel forms of quantum matter that are exhibited in this strongly correlated electron system. This progress has been made possible by improvements in sample quality, coupled with the development and refinement of advanced experimental techniques. In part, avenues of inquiry have been motivated by theoretical developments, and in part new theoretical frameworks have been conceived to account for unanticipated experimental observations. An overall qualitative understanding of the nature of the superconducting state itself has been achieved, while profound unresolved issues have come into increasingly sharp focus concerning the astonishing complexity of the phase diagram, the unprecedented prominence of various forms of collective fluctuations, and the simplicity and insensitivity to material details of the "normal" state at elevated temperatures. New conceptual approaches, drawing from string theory, quantum information theory, and various numerically implemented approximate approaches to problems of strong correlations are being explored as ways to come to grips with this rich tableaux of interrelated phenomena.
On the relation between disorder and homogeneity in an amorphous metal
Creators: name: Ovadyahu, Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Disorder and homogeneity are two concepts that refer to spatial variation of the system potential. In condensed-matter systems disorder is typically divided into two types; those with local parameters varying from site to site (diagonal disorder) and those characterized by random transfer-integral values (off-diagonal disorder). Amorphous systems in particular exhibit off-diagonal disorder due to random positions of their constituents. In real systems diagonal and off-diagonal disorder may be interconnected. The formal depiction of disorder as local deviations from a common value focuses attention on the short-range components of the potential-landscape. However, long range potential fluctuation are quite common in real systems. In this work we seek to find a correlation between disorder and homogeneity using amorphous indium-oxide films with different carrier-concentrations and with different degree of disorder. Thermal treatment is used as a means of fine tuning the system disorder. In this process the resistance of the sample decreases while its amorphous structure and chemical composition is preserved. The reduced resistivity affects the Ioffe-Regel parameter that is taken as a relative measure of disorder in a given sample. The homogeneity of the system was monitored using inelastic light-scattering. This is based on collecting the Raman signal from micron-size spots across the sample. The statistics of these low-energy data are compared with the sample disorder independently estimated from transport measurements. The analysis establishes that heterogeneity and disorder are correlated.
description: 8 figures 9 pages
High-rate entanglement between a semiconductor spin and indistinguishable photons
Creators: name: Coste, N.
name: Fioretto, D.
name: Belabas, N.
name: Wein, S. C.
name: Hilaire, P.
name: Frantzeskakis, R.
name: Gundin, M.
name: Goes, B.
name: Somaschi, N.
name: Morassi, M.
name: Lemaître, A.
name: Sagnes, 1 I.
name: Harouri, A.
name: Economou, S. E.
name: Auffeves, A.
name: Krebs, O.
name: Lanco, L.
name: Senellart, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Photonic graph states, quantum light states where multiple photons are mutually entangled, are key resources for optical quantum technologies. They are notably at the core of error-corrected measurement-based optical quantum computing and all-optical quantum networks. In the discrete variable framework, these applications require high efficiency generation of cluster-states whose nodes are indistinguishable photons. Such photonic cluster states can be generated with heralded single photon sources and probabilistic quantum gates, yet with challenging efficiency and scalability. Spin-photon entanglement has been proposed to deterministically generate linear cluster states. First demonstrations have been obtained with semiconductor spins achieving high photon indistinguishablity, and most recently with atomic systems at high collection efficiency and record length. Here we report on the efficient generation of three partite cluster states made of one semiconductor spin and two indistinguishable photons. We harness a semiconductor quantum dot inserted in an optical cavity for efficient photon collection and electrically controlled for high indistinguishability. We demonstrate two and three particle entanglement with fidelities of 80 % and 63 % respectively, with photon indistinguishability of 88%. The spin-photon and spin-photon-photon entanglement rates exceed by three and two orders of magnitude respectively the previous state of the art. Our system and experimental scheme, a monolithic solid-state device controlled with a resource efficient simple experimental configuration, are very promising for future scalable applications.
Investigating vector boson scattering: A fully gauge-invariant study
Creators: name: Riederer, Bernd
name: Maas, Axel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Vector boson scattering (VBS) plays a central role in the search for new physics at collider experiments such as ATLAS and CMS at the LHC. Usually predictions for this kind of process are obtained using mainly perturbative approaches in fixed gauges. Here we present a fully gauge-invariant study of VBS in the scalar-channel involving three different types of Higgs-like particles characterized by their mass; above (heavy), inside (resonance) or below (stable) the elastic region. To this end, we combine results obtained in a reduced SM setup from (augmented) perturbation theory with those from non-perturbative lattice simulations.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures, 1 table, Proceedings for "39th International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory (LATTICE2022)" and abridged version for "41st International Conference on High Energy physics - ICHEP2022"
Drawing Women's History in Russia. A Comic Book about Bestuzhev Courses - First Women's University
Creators: name: Rusinova, Anna
name: Gusev, Dmitry
Publisher: name: FKW // Zeitschrift für Geschlechterforschung und visuelle Kultur
Year: 2023

description: FKW // Zeitschrift für Geschlechterforschung und visuelle Kultur, No. 72 (2023)
L'utilisation des stratégies de communication lors d'intéractions orales en langue étrangère (A1+)
Creators: name: Fasel Mayor, Sylvia
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 0
Subjects: subject: stratégies de communication
subject: interaction
subject: interagir en langue étrangère
subject: interlangue
subject: enseignement
subject: plurilinguisme

description: « Le langage est un instrument, un outil : c’est un outil magnifique (…) Sans le langage, il n’y a pas de véritable communication entre les êtres : c’est lui qui constitue le code de nos relations (…). C’est pourquoi nous avons cherché à enseigner, dès le début, la langue comme un moyen d’expression et de communication faisant appel à toutes les ressources de notre être : attitudes, gestes, mimiques, intonation et rythmes du dialogue parlé (…) »20 Dans un monde où le multilinguisme cède sa place au plurilinguisme, il est commun de se trouver dans une situation où nous devons faire appel à une langue étrangère. En effet, comme le souligne le Cadre européen commun de référence pour les langues (2001), « l’approche plurilingue met l’accent sur le fait que, au fur et à mesure que l’expérience langagière d’un individu dans son contexte culturel s’étend de la langue familiale à celle du groupe social puis à celle d’autres groupes,(…) il/elle ne classe pas ces langues dans des compartiments séparés, mais construit plutôt une expérience communicative à laquelle contribuent toute connaissance et toute expérience des langues et dans laquelle les langues sont en corrélation et interagissent.(…). De ce point de vue, le but de l’enseignement des langues se trouve profondément modifié. » (CECRL : 11). En effet, Claire Kramsch fait référence à l’abolition du locuteur/auditeur idéal de Chomsky par la « révolution communicative » : il ne s’agit plus, dès les années 70, de maîtriser une langue de façon académique, mais de donner priorité au contexte psychologique, social, culturel et économique, qui justifie la nécessité de communiquer avec autrui et détermine le mode de communication utilisé (Kramsch, 1991 : 6). Ce travail se penche sur les stratégies de communication que des élèves (A1+) utilisent en classe d’espagnol dans le but de rester dans la construction du discours et d’atteindre leur but communicatif, et vient sur la question de l’intégration de ces stratégies dans l’enseignement en classe de langue.
description: Mémoire professionnel, Diplôme d'enseignement pour le degré secondaire II
Programmable quantum simulations of bosonic systems with trapped ions
Creators: name: Katz, Or
name: Monroe, Christopher
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Trapped atomic ion crystals are a leading platform for quantum simulations of spin systems, with programmable and long-range spin-spin interactions mediated by excitations of phonons in the crystal. We describe a complementary approach for quantum simulations of bosonic systems using phonons in trapped-ion crystals, here mediated by excitations of the trapped ion spins. The scheme features a high degree of programability over a dense graph of bosonic couplings and is suitable for hard problems such as boson sampling and simulations of long range bosonic and spin-boson Hamiltonians.
Real-Time Discrete SPAD Array Readout Architecture for Time of Flight PET
Creators: name: Tétrault, M. -A.
name: Lamy, É. Desaulniers
name: Boisvert, A.
name: Thibaudeau, C.
name: Dubois, F.
name: Fontaine, R.
name: Pratte, J. -F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Single photon avalanche diode (SPAD) arrays have proven themselves as serious candidates for time of flight positron emission tomography (PET). Discrete readout schemes mitigate the low-noise requirements of analog schemes and offer very fine control over threshold levels and timing pickup strategies. A high optical fill factor is paramount to timing performance in such detectors, and consequently space is limited for closely integrated electronics. Nonetheless, a production, daily used PET scanner must minimize bandwidth usage, data volume, data analysis time and power consumption and therefore requires a real-time readout and data processing architecture as close to the detector as possible. We propose a fully digital, embedded real-time readout architecture for SPAD-based detector. The readout circuit is located directly under the SPAD array instead of within or beside it to remove the fill factor versus circuit capabilities tradeoff. The overall real-time engine reduces transmitted data by a factor of 8 in standard operational mode. Combined with small local memory buffers, this significantly reduces overall acquisition dead time. A prototype device featuring individual readout for 6 scintillator channels was fabricated. Timing readout is provided by a first photon discriminator and a 31 ps time to digital discriminator, while energy reading and event packaging is done using standard logic in real-time. The dedicated serial output line supports a sustained rate of 170k counts per second (CPS) in waveform mode, while the standard operational mode supports 2.2 MCPS.
description: Related to Real Time Conference 2014
Performative Charmed Theory (PCT) als Beitrag für eine queer gedachte Wissenschaftskommunikationskultur. Am Beispiel von Heimwehen und Smicken
Creators: name: Mahoney, Blessless
name: Van Der Platenvlotbrug, Didine
Publisher: name: FKW // Zeitschrift für Geschlechterforschung und visuelle Kultur
Year: 2023

description: FKW // Zeitschrift für Geschlechterforschung und visuelle Kultur, No. 72 (2023)
Vortex Core Structure in Multilayered Rashba Superconductors
Creators: name: Higashi, Yoichi
name: Nagai, Yuki
name: Yoshida, Tomohiro
name: Yanase, Youichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We numerically study the electronic structure of a single vortex in two dimensional superconducting bilayer systems within the range of the mean-field theory. The lack of local inversion symmetry in the system is taken into account through the layer dependent Rashba spin-orbit coupling. The spatial profiles of the pair potential and the local quasiparticle density of states are calculated in the clean spin-singlet superconductor on the basis of the quasiclassical theory. In particular, we discuss the characteristic core structure in the pair-density wave state, which is spatially modulated exotic superconducting phase in a high magnetic field.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures; Proc. of LT27
COMMA: An agent-based micro-simulation model to study mental health outcomes during covid-19 lockdowns
Creators: name: Viviani, Eva
name: Qi, Ji
name: Pham, Anh
name: Thompson, Kristina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: The COVID-19 pandemic has led to an increase in known risk factors for mental health problems. This evidence has underscored an urgent need for models that can project mental health outcomes over time, explore lockdown scenarios, and target the needs of specific populations. Here we describe COMMA (COvid Mental-health Model with Agents), a new open-source microsimulation model developed to help address these questions. COMMA takes as input demographic information on age structures, population size, etc; and lockdown policies operationalised as a set of action probabilities. The lockdown policies affect the likelihood of individuals developing mental health issues, notably depression, based on demographic profile. Implemented purely in Python, COMMA has been designed with equal emphasis on performance, ease of use, and flexibility. Users can customise lockdown scenarios and population characteristics and execute simulations on a standard laptop within minutes. In a collaboration between the Netherlands eScience center and Wageningen university, COMMA has already been employed to assess the impact of various lockdown strategies on the mental well-being of a population resembling the demographic profiles of the inhabitants of the Groningen area.
Mikroben, Moleküle, Materielle Körperlichkeit. Feministisches und posthumanes Wissen in der Kunst von Anicka Yi und Sonja Bäumel
Creators: name: Schütze, Irene
Publisher: name: FKW // Zeitschrift für Geschlechterforschung und visuelle Kultur
Year: 2023

description: FKW // Zeitschrift für Geschlechterforschung und visuelle Kultur, No. 72 (2023)
Exploring Halo Substructure with Giant Stars: The Nature of the Triangulum-Andromeda Stellar Features
Creators: name: Sheffield, Allyson
name: Johnston, Kathryn
name: Majewski, Steven
name: Damke, Guillermo
name: Richardson, Whitney
name: Beaton, Rachael
name: Rocha-Pinto, Helio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As large-scale stellar surveys have become available over the past decade, the ability to detect and characterize substructures in the Galaxy has increased dramatically. These surveys have revealed the Triangulum-Andromeda (TriAnd) region to be rich with substructure in the distance range 20-30 kpc, and the relation of these features to each other -- if any -- remains unclear. This complex situation motivates this re-examination of the TriAnd region with a photometric and spectroscopic survey of M giants. An exploration using 2MASS photometry reveals not only the faint sequence in M giants detected by Rocha-Pinto et al. (2004) spanning the range $100^{\circ}
description: 49 pages, 15 figures; submitted to ApJ
Sympoiesis visuell erzählen. Tentakuläre Poetik transformativer Wissenschaftskommunikation zu Geschlecht, Kolonialismus und Klimakatastrophe
Creators: name: Dornick, Sahra
Publisher: name: FKW // Zeitschrift für Geschlechterforschung und visuelle Kultur
Year: 2023

description: FKW // Zeitschrift für Geschlechterforschung und visuelle Kultur, No. 72 (2023)
title: La philosophie pour enfants
title: la méthode Lipman et son application au niveau post-obligatoire
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Collet, Pascal
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 0
Subjects: subject: Philosophie pour enfants
subject: Méthode Lipman
subject: Communauté de recherche philosophique
subject: Enseignement post-obligatoire de la philosophie
subject: Pensée d’excellence
subject: Critique

description: Ce travail propose dans un premier temps une étude théorique de la philosophie pour enfants selon la méthode Lipman ainsi qu’une brève analyse de la mise en place d’une communauté de recherche philosophique. Il s’agira de s’intéresser à la naissance de cette méthode, aux différents types de pensée qui forment ce que l’auteur nomme « la pensée d’excellence » et de voir comment cette pensée peut se construire au sein d’une communauté de recherche. Pour ce faire, nous nous intéresserons également à la définition de cette dernière ainsi qu’à sa mise en pratique et à son déroulement. Dans un second temps, nous nous demanderons s’il existe un intérêt réel à appliquer cette méthode au niveau post-obligatoire. La méthode Lipman est notamment constituée de matériel pédagogique destiné à ce niveau de scolarité. Il serait alors intéressant d’étudier ce matériel afin d’en construire une critique permettant de savoir s’il est adapté à ce type de classes et d’élèves. Le témoignage et la critique de praticiens de cette méthode permettront également de fournir quelques pistes de réponses à cette problématique. Il semblerait, selon les quelques témoignages de praticiens ainsi que les articles étudiés, que la philosophie pour les enfants soit une pratique pédagogiquement intéressante et constructive et qu’elle peut s’enseigner dans de nombreux contextes. Elle demande néanmoins une organisation temporelle importante, un niveau de culture et de formation élevé de l’enseignant, et un travail sur les supports. Afin d’améliorer le déroulement de la CDR que la méthode Lipman traditionnelle propose, l’animateur devrait également se concentrer davantage sur l’analyse du texte étudié afin de garantir un certain suivi thématique lors de la phase de questions des participants et du dialogue. Ce dernier ne devrait pas se contenter de suivre la discussion là où elle mène et de passer d’une question à l’autre sans effectuer des liens entre elles, mais bien d’inciter les élèves à cerner les enjeux et les arguments d’une question de manière philosophique et précise.
description: Mémoire professionnel, Diplôme d'enseignement pour le degré secondaire II
Quark spin-orbit correlations
Creators: name: Lorcé, Cédric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The proton spin puzzle issue focused the attention on the parton spin and orbital angular momentum contributions to the proton spin. However, a complete characterization of the proton spin structure requires also the knowledge of the parton spin-orbit correlation. We showed that this quantity can be expressed in terms of moments of measurable parton distributions. Using the available phenomenological information about the valence quarks, we concluded that this correlation is negative, meaning that the valence quark spin and kinetic orbital angular momentum are, in average, opposite. The quark spin-orbit correlation can also be expressed more intuitively in terms of relativistic phase-space distributions, which can be seen as the mother distributions of the standard generalized and transverse-momentum dependent parton distributions. We present here for the first time some examples of the general multipole decomposition of these phase-space distributions.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures, 1 table, contribution to the proceedings of the QCD Evolution 2014 Workshop, May 12-16, Santa Fe, USA
Einleitung // Geschlecht und Diversität neu erzählen
Creators: name: Ebeling, Smillo
name: Zimmermann, Anja
Publisher: name: FKW // Zeitschrift für Geschlechterforschung und visuelle Kultur
Year: 2023

description: FKW // Zeitschrift für Geschlechterforschung und visuelle Kultur, No. 72 (2023)
Feynman Diagrams in Four-Dimensional Holomorphic Theories and the Operatope
Creators: name: Budzik, Kasia
name: Gaiotto, Davide
name: Kulp, Justin
name: Wu, Jingxiang
name: Yu, Matthew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study a class of universal Feynman integrals which appear in four-dimensional holomorphic theories. We recast the integrals as the Fourier transform of a certain polytope in the space of loop momenta (aka the ``Operatope''). We derive a set of quadratic recursion relations which appear to fully determine the final answer. Our strategy can be applied to a very general class of twisted supersymmetric quantum field theories.
description: 45 pages, Mathematica code attached
title: Scolarité et activité physique
title: étude de cas
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Hoyois, David
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 0
Subjects: subject: Activité physique
subject: sédentarité
subject: scolarité
subject: mouvement
subject: santé
subject: recommandations

description: Le manque d’activité physique tend à devenir un problème de santé public dans les pays en voie de développement. La tendance s’observe aussi bien chez les adultes que dans les strates plus jeunes de la population. La sédentarité de généralise et augmente grandement les risques sur la santé. Il est attesté que l’activité physique quotidienne apporte à l’homme de nombreux bienfaits. Cette étude présente dans son cadre théorique une liste non exhaustive des bienfaits de l’activité physique régulière sur la santé ainsi que les recommandations édictée par l’OMS et relatées par les différents offices fédéraux tels que l’OFSPO et l’OFS. L’étude se focalise sur le comportement des élèves de l’établissement de Villeneuve-Haut- Lac en matière d’activité physique. Quelles sont leurs pratiques sportives ? Sont-ils assez actifs ? Le quotidien scolaire est il propice à une activité physique suffisante ? Telles sont quelques questions qui sont traitées dans le présent travail. Des propositions d’aménagements dans le cadre scolaire sont faites dans le but de rendre le temps scolaire compatible avec les besoins en mouvements des écoliers.
description: Mémoire professionnel, Diplôme d'enseignement pour le degré secondaire I
Seeing the gravitational wave universe
Creators: name: Mingarelli, Chiara M. F.
name: Casey-Clyde, J. Andrew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Pulsar timing arrays will be a window into the gravitational wave background
description: invited Perspective for Science
Evolutionary diversification of protein-protein interaction interfaces: A case study on an NLR immune receptor network
Creators: name: Toghani, AmirAli
name: Selvaraj, Muniyandi
name: Contreras, Mauricio P.
name: Morianou, Ioanna
name: Pai, Hsuan
name: Kamoun, Sophien
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: The evolution of protein interaction interfaces plays a crucial role in the diversification of biological functions and the emergence of complexity in biological systems. Understanding these evolutionary processes is fundamental for understanding how proteins adapt to new functional roles while maintaining specificity in cellular signaling pathways. To explore this, we focused on nucleotide-binding domain and leucine-rich repeat (NLR) immune receptors. NLRs are among the most evolutionarily dynamic protein families in plants and are subject to co-evolution with rapidly evolving pathogens. NLRs can function as singletons, pairs, and in intricate hierarchical network configurations. One example of a complex NLR network is the so-called NRC network that has massively expanded ~100 million years ago in the lamiid lineage of asterid flowering plants (angiosperms). In this network, sensor NLRs (aka disease resistance proteins) recognize pathogens and execute the immune response via downstream helper NLRs in the NRC family. Previously, we have showed that the helper NLR NRC2 forms a homodimer in vivo and converts into a higher-order hexamer, known as resistosome, when activated by upstream sensor NLRs. Furthermore, the Cryo-EM structure of NRC2 revealed that the homodimer formation is mediated by intramolecular interactions between dimerization interfaces that maintain the protein in a resting state and are distinct from the activated resistosome interfaces. Despite these mechanistic advances, the degree to which the dimerization interfaces have diversified in NRC helpers remained unknown. Here, we used phylogenomics and biochemistry to discover that the dimerization interfaces have diversified between NRC paralogs to prevent formation of heterodimers between closely related NRC helpers and insulate network activation pathways. Our results indicate that diversification of protein-protein interfaces has enabled the evolution of a hierarchical NLR network with insulated pathways. This suggests a novel paradigm for NLR evolution, expanding our knowledge of the forces that drive NLR diversification.
A Dynamical Three-Field AdS/QCD Model
Creators: name: Bartz, Sean P.
name: Kapusta, Joseph I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Anti-de Sitter Space/Conformal Field Theory (AdS/CFT) correspondence may offer new and useful insights into the non-perturbative regime of strongly coupled gauge theories such as Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD). We present an AdS/CFT-inspired model that describes the spectra of light mesons. The conformal symmetry is broken by a background dilaton field, and chiral symmetry breaking and linear confinement are described by a chiral condensate field. These background fields, along with a background glueball condensate field, are derived from a potential. We describe the construction of the potential, and the calculation of the meson spectra, which match experimental data well. We argue that the presence of the third background field is necessary to properly describe the meson spectra.
description: 17 pages, 7 figures
Universal alignment in turbulent pair dispersion
Creators: name: Shnapp, Ron
name: Brizzolara, Stefano
name: Neamtu-Halic, Marius M.
name: Gambino, Alessandro
name: Holzner, Markus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Countless processes in nature and industry, from rain droplet nucleation to plankton interaction in the ocean, are intimately related to turbulent fluctuations of local concentrations of advected matter. These fluctuations can be described by considering the change of the separation between particle pairs, known as pair dispersion, which is believed to obey a cubic in time growth according to Richardson's theory. Our work reveals a universal, scale-invariant alignment between the relative velocity and position vectors of dispersing particles at a mean angle that we show to be a universal constant of turbulence. We connect the value of this mean angle to Richardson's traditional theory and find agreement with data from a numerical simulation and a laboratory experiment. While the Richardson's cubic regime has been observed for small initial particle separations only, the constancy of the mean angle manifests throughout the entire inertial range of turbulence. Thus, our work reveals the universal nature of turbulent pair dispersion through a geometrical paradigm whose validity goes beyond the classical theory, and provides a novel framework for understanding and modeling transport and mixing processes.
description: 20 pages, three figures
Why is the sky blue? - Investigation Big Questions Investigation Card (International)
Creators: name: Billingsley, Berry
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: The Epistemic Insight "Investigating Big Questions" Discovery Bags contain a variety of scientific equipment and resources to help students 'think like a scholar'. This Investigation Card focuses on conducting an investigation with a pair of diffration glasses to investigate 'why is the sky blue?'. Students are encouraged to use different disciplines to think deeper about the spectrum of colours in visible light, and how the symbol of the rainbow is used to convey meaning and purpose in many different settings.
Fano Resonant Optical coatings platform for Full Gamut and High Purity Structural Colors
Creators: name: ElKabbash, Mohamed
name: Hoffman, Nathaniel
name: Lininger, Andrew R
name: Jalil, Sohail A.
name: Letsou, Theodore
name: Hinczewski, Michael
name: Strangi, Giuseppe
name: Guo, Chunlei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Structural coloring is a photostable and environmentally friendly coloring approach that harnesses optical interference and nanophotonic resonances to obtain colors with a range of applications including steganography, décor, data storage, and anticounterfeiting measures. We show that optical coatings exhibiting the photonic Fano Resonance is an ideal platform for structural coloring -- it provides full color access, high color purity, high brightness, controlled iridescence, and scalable manufacturability. We show that an additional oxide film deposited on Fano resonant optical coatings (FROCs) increases the color purity (up to 97%) and color gamut coverage range (> 99% coverage of the sRGB and Adobe color spaces). For coloring applications that do not require high spatial resolution, FROCs provide a significant advantage over existing structural coloring schemes.
description: 18 pages, 12 figures
Uniform magnetic field on the relativistic spinless particles with constant rest mass: 2D polar space
Creators: name: Ortakaya, Sami
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an interaction modeling for the relativistic spin-0 charged particles moving in a uniform magnetic field. In the absence of an improved perturbative way, we solve directly Kummer's differential equation including principal quantum numbers. As a functional approach to the nuclear interaction, we consider particle bound states without antiparticle regime. Within the approximation line to $1/r^4$, we have also improved the considerations of the $V(r)$$\neq$$0$ and $S(r)$$=$$0$ related to scalar and mass interactions. Moreover, we have founded a closeness for introduced approximation scheme for range of $0.5$ and $1.0$ $\mathrm {fm}$. In this way, minimal coupling might also yields analytically energy spectra. Within the spin-zero relativistic regime, we have considered the inverse-square interaction under uniform magnetic field and founded that the energy levels increase with increasing interaction energy (i.e, quantum well width decreases for given values). Additionally, energy levels increase with larger values of the uniform magnetic fields. The charge distributions is also valid for the central interaction-confinement space. Putting the approximation to spin-zero motion with $V(r)$$\neq$$0$ and $S(r)$$=$$0$, one can introduced solvable model in the 2D polar space.
A simulator-based autoencoder for focal plane wavefront sensing
Creators: name: Quesnel, Maxime
name: de Xivry, Gilles Orban
name: Absil, Olivier
name: Louppe, Gilles
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Instrumental aberrations strongly limit high-contrast imaging of exoplanets, especially when they produce quasistatic speckles in the science images. With the help of recent advances in deep learning, we have developed in previous works an approach that applies convolutional neural networks (CNN) to estimate pupil-plane phase aberrations from point spread functions (PSF). In this work we take a step further by incorporating into the deep learning architecture the physical simulation of the optical propagation occurring inside the instrument. This is achieved with an autoencoder architecture, which uses a differentiable optical simulator as the decoder. Because this unsupervised learning approach reconstructs the PSFs, knowing the true phase is not needed to train the models, making it particularly promising for on-sky applications. We show that the performance of our method is almost identical to a standard CNN approach, and that the models are sufficiently stable in terms of training and robustness. We notably illustrate how we can benefit from the simulator-based autoencoder architecture by quickly fine-tuning the models on a single test image, achieving much better performance when the PSFs contain more noise and aberrations. These early results are very promising and future steps have been identified to apply the method on real data.
description: SPIE Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation 2022
Utilisation des téléphones portables et de la fonction "appareil photo" en EPS
Creators: name: Gilliéron, Pauline
name: Iannone, Rosangela
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 0
Subjects: subject: Technologies de l’information et de la communication (TIC)
subject: éducation physique
subject: apprentissage
subject: photographie

description: Mémoire professionnel, Diplôme d'enseignement pour le degré secondaire I
Piano Learning and Improvisation through Adaptive Visualisation and Digital Augmentation
Creators: name: Deja, Jordan Aiko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: H.5.5

description: The task of learning the piano has been a centuries-old challenge for novices, experts and technologists. Several innovations have been introduced to support proper posture, movement, and motivation, while sight-reading and improvisation remain the least-explored areas. In this PhD, we address this gap by redesigning the piano augmentation as an interactive and adaptive space. Specifically, we will explore how to support learners with adaptive visualisations through a two-pronged approach: (1) by designing adaptive visualisations based on the proficiency of the learner to support regular piano playing and (2) by assisting them with expert annotations projected on the piano to encourage improvisation. To this end, we will build a model to understand the complexities of learners' spatiotemporal data and use these to support learning. We will then evaluate our approach through user studies enabling practice and improvisation. Our work contributes to how adaptive visualisations can push music instrument learning and support multi-target selection tasks in immersive spaces.
description: 8 pages, 1 figure, doctoral symposium paper
Exploration and prediction of topological electronic materials based on first-principles calculations
Creators: name: Weng, Hongming
name: Dai, Xi
name: Fang, Zhong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The class of topological insulator materials is one of the frontier topics of condensed matter physics. The great success of this field is due to the conceptual breakthroughs in theories for topological electronic states and is strongly motivated by the rich variety of material realizations, thus making the theories testable, the experiments operable, and the applications possible. First-principles calculations have demonstrated unprecedented predictive power for material selection and design. In this article, we review recent progress in this field with a focus on the role of first-principles calculations. In particular, we introduce the Wilson loop method for the determination of topological invariants and discuss the band inversion mechanism for the selection of topological materials. Recent progress in quantum anomalous Hall insulators, large-gap quantum spin Hall insulators, and correlated topological insulators are also covered.
description: 29 pages, 3 figures
Neural Embedding: Learning the Embedding of the Manifold of Physics Data
Creators: name: Park, Sang Eon
name: Harris, Philip
name: Ostdiek, Bryan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we present a method of embedding physics data manifolds with metric structure into lower dimensional spaces with simpler metrics, such as Euclidean and Hyperbolic spaces. We then demonstrate that it can be a powerful step in the data analysis pipeline for many applications. Using progressively more realistic simulated collisions at the Large Hadron Collider, we show that this embedding approach learns the underlying latent structure. With the notion of volume in Euclidean spaces, we provide for the first time a viable solution to quantifying the true search capability of model agnostic search algorithms in collider physics (i.e. anomaly detection). Finally, we discuss how the ideas presented in this paper can be employed to solve many practical challenges that require the extraction of physically meaningful representations from information in complex high dimensional datasets.
title: Les élèves sont-ils motivés à réaliser leurs devoirs à domicile ?
title: étude de cas dans un collège de l'ouest lausannoie
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Colau, Geoffroy
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 0
Subjects: subject: devoirs
subject: devoirs à domicile
subject: motivation
subject: secondaire
subject: EME-S28
subject: entretien

description: Mémoire professionnel, Diplôme d'enseignement pour le degré secondaire I
Composite Higgs searches at the LHC and beyond
Creators: name: Barducci, D.
name: Belyaev, A.
name: Brown, M. S.
name: De Curtis, S.
name: Moretti, S.
name: Pruna, G. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: General Composite Higgs models provide an elegant solution to the hierarchy problem present in the Standard Model and give an alternative pattern leading to the mechanism of electroweak (EW) symmetry breaking. We present an analysis of a realistic realization of this general idea, namely the 4DCHM, analysing the Higgs production and decay modes, fitting them to the latest LHC showing the compatibility with the results of the CERN machine. We then present the prospects of a future electron positron collider of testing this model against the expected experimental accuracies in the various Higgs decay channels accessible herein.
description: Proceeding for the XIII IFAE Conference. 9-11th April 2014, Laboratory Nazionali Del Gran Sasso, Italy. 3 pages, 2 figures