cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Distilling Governing Laws and Source Input for Dynamical Systems from Videos
Creators: name: Luan, Lele
name: Liu, Yang
name: Sun, Hao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Distilling interpretable physical laws from videos has led to expanded interest in the computer vision community recently thanks to the advances in deep learning, but still remains a great challenge. This paper introduces an end-to-end unsupervised deep learning framework to uncover the explicit governing equations of dynamics presented by moving object(s), based on recorded videos. Instead in the pixel (spatial) coordinate system of image space, the physical law is modeled in a regressed underlying physical coordinate system where the physical states follow potential explicit governing equations. A numerical integrator-based sparse regression module is designed and serves as a physical constraint to the autoencoder and coordinate system regression, and, in the meanwhile, uncover the parsimonious closed-form governing equations from the learned physical states. Experiments on simulated dynamical scenes show that the proposed method is able to distill closed-form governing equations and simultaneously identify unknown excitation input for several dynamical systems recorded by videos, which fills in the gap in literature where no existing methods are available and applicable for solving this type of problem.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures, IJCAI-2022. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2106.04776
Assessing Certainty of Activation or Inactivation in Test-Retest fMRI Studies
Creators: name: Maitra, Ranjan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: G.3
subject: 62P10, 62H35

description: Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging~(fMRI) is widely used to study activation in the human brain. In most cases, data are commonly used to construct activation maps corresponding to a given paradigm. Results can be very variable, hence quantifying certainty of identified activation and inactivation over studies is important. This paper provides a model-based approach to certainty estimation from data acquired over several replicates of the same experimental paradigm. Specifically, the $p$-values derived from the statistical analysis of the data are explicitly modeled as a mixture of their underlying distributions; thus, unlike methodology currently in use, there is no subjective thresholding required in the estimation process. The parameters governing the mixture model are easily obtained by the principle of maximum likelihood. Further, the estimates can also be used to optimally identify voxel-specific activation regions along with their corresponding certainty measures. The methodology is applied to a study involving a motor paradigm performed on a single subject several times over a period of two months. Simulation experiments used to calibrate performance of the method are promising. The methodology is also seen to be robust in determining areas of activation and their corresponding certainties.
description: 13 pages; 8 figures; 1 table
Open vs Closed-ended questions in attitudinal surveys -- comparing, combining, and interpreting using natural language processing
Creators: name: Baburajan, Vishnu
name: Silva, João de Abreu e
name: Pereira, Francisco Camara
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Economics (econ.GN)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: To improve the traveling experience, researchers have been analyzing the role of attitudes in travel behavior modeling. Although most researchers use closed-ended surveys, the appropriate method to measure attitudes is debatable. Topic Modeling could significantly reduce the time to extract information from open-ended responses and eliminate subjective bias, thereby alleviating analyst concerns. Our research uses Topic Modeling to extract information from open-ended questions and compare its performance with closed-ended responses. Furthermore, some respondents might prefer answering questions using their preferred questionnaire type. So, we propose a modeling framework that allows respondents to use their preferred questionnaire type to answer the survey and enable analysts to use the modeling frameworks of their choice to predict behavior. We demonstrate this using a dataset collected from the USA that measures the intention to use Autonomous Vehicles for commute trips. Respondents were presented with alternative questionnaire versions (open- and closed- ended). Since our objective was also to compare the performance of alternative questionnaire versions, the survey was designed to eliminate influences resulting from statements, behavioral framework, and the choice experiment. Results indicate the suitability of using Topic Modeling to extract information from open-ended responses; however, the models estimated using the closed-ended questions perform better compared to them. Besides, the proposed model performs better compared to the models used currently. Furthermore, our proposed framework will allow respondents to choose the questionnaire type to answer, which could be particularly beneficial to them when using voice-based surveys.
Individual and structural vulnerability among female youth who exchange sex for survival
Creators: name: Miller, Cari L.
name: Fielden, Sarah
name: Tyndall, Mark
name: Zhang, Ruth
name: Gibson, Kate
name: Shannon, K.
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: PURPOSE: Because of growing concerns regarding the heightened vulnerabilities and risk of human immunodeficiency virus infection among youth who exchange sex for survival, we investigated individual risk patterns and structural barriers among young (≤24 years) female sex workers (FSWs) in Vancouver, Canada. METHODS: Between 2005 and 2008, a total of 255 street-based FSWs (≥14 years) were enrolled into a community-based prospective cohort, and were asked to participate in baseline and biannual questionnaires administered through interviews and human immunodeficiency virus screening. We used contingency table analysis to compare individual and structural barrier results obtained at baseline for younger (≤24 years) FSWs with those of the older (>25 years) FSWs. For longitudinal data, we used generalized estimating equations throughout the follow-up period to determine factors associated with being a young FSW in the past 6 months. RESULTS: In comparison with older FSWs (n = 199), youth (n = 56) were more likely to spend fewer years engaging in sex exchange (median: 6.4 [interquartile range: 4.6-9.1] vs. 19.9 [interquartile range: 10.0-26.8]; p ≤ .001), belong to an aboriginal ancestry (59% vs. 44%; p = .052), and be homeless (68% vs. 36%; p ≤ .001). In the multivariate generalized estimating equations analysis, youth reported a significantly elevated proportional odds of being homeless (odds ratio [OR]: 1.26 [confidence interval {CI}: 1.08-1.48]), servicing clients in public places (OR: 1.28 [CI: 1.04-1.57]), injecting heroin on a daily basis (OR: 1.35 [CI: 1.06-1.74]), and a significantly reduced odds of accessing methadone maintenance therapy (OR: .76 [CI: .62-.93]). CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates significant displacement of youth who engage in sex exchange to marginalized working and living spaces. The findings of this study bring to attention the critical need for targeted structural interventions including access to youth and gender-specific social housing, safe working spaces, reduction in the amount of harm caused to them, and addiction treatment services for youth engaged in survival sex work.
The pedagogical value of the four-dimensional picture III: Solutions to Maxwell's equations
Creators: name: Chubykalo, Andrew E
name: Espinoza, Augusto
name: Kosyakov, B P
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We outline a regular way for solving Maxwell's equations. We take, as the starting point, the notion of vector potentials. The rationale for introducing this notion in electrodynamics is that the set of Maxwell's equations is seemingly overdetermined. We demonstrate the existence of two fundamental solutions to Maxwell's equations whose linear combinations comprise the whole variety of classical electromagnetic field configurations.
description: 11 pages
Engineering Annotations: A Generic Framework For Gluing Design Artefacts in Models of Interactive Systems
Creators: name: Winckler, Marco
name: Palanque, Philippe
name: Hak, Jean-Luc
name: Barboni, Eric
name: Nicolas, Olivier
name: Goncalves, Laurent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Along the design process of interactive system many intermediate artefacts (such as user interface prototypes, task models describing user work and activities, dialog models specifying system behavior, interaction models describing user interactions {\ldots}) are created, tested, revised and improved until the development team produces a validated version of the full-fledged system. Indeed, to build interactive systems there is a need to use multiple artefacts/models (as they provide a complementary view). However, relevant information for describing the design solution and/or supporting design decisions (such as rational about the design, decisions made, recommendations, etc.) is not explicitly capturable in the models/artefacts, hence the need for annotations. Multi-artefacts approaches usually argue that a given information should only be present in one artefact to avoid duplication and increase maintainability of the artefacts. Nonetheless, annotations created on one artefact are usually relevant to other artefacts/models. So that, there is a need for tools and techniques to coordinate annotations across artefacts/models which is the contribution of the present work. In this paper, we propose a model-based approach that was conceived to handle annotations in a systematic way along the development process of interactive systems. As part of the solution, we propose an annotation model built upon the W3C's Web Annotation Data Model. The feasibility of the approach is demonstrated by means of a tool suite featuring a plugin, which has been deployed and tested over the multi-artefacts. The overall approach is illustrated on the design of an interactive cockpit application performing two design iterations. The contribution brings two main benefits for interactive systems engineering: i) it presents a generic pattern for integrating information in multiple usually heterogenous artefacts throughout the design process of interactive systems; and ii) it highlights the need for tools helping to rationalize and to document the various artefacts and the related decisions made during interactive systems design. CCS CONCEPTS $\bullet$ Human-centered computing $\bullet$ Human computer interaction (HCI)
Global 3D simulation of the upper atmosphere of HD189733b and absorption in metastable HeI and Lyα lines
Creators: name: Rumenskikh, M. S.
name: Shaikhislamov, I. F.
name: Khodachenko, M. L.
name: Lammer, H.
name: Miroshnichenko, I. B.
name: Berezutsky, A. G.
name: Fossati, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A 3D fully self-consistent multi-fluid hydrodynamic aeronomy model is applied to simulate the hydrogen-helium expanding upper atmosphere of the hot Jupiter HD189733b, and related absorption in the Lya line and the 10830 A line of metastable helium. We studied the influence of a high-energy stellar flux, stellar wind, and Lya cooling to reproduce the available observations. We found that to fit the width of the absorption profile in 10830 A line the escaping upper atmosphere of planet should be close to the energy limited escape achieved with a significantly reduced Lya cooling at the altitudes with HI density higher than 3*10^6 cm^-3. Based on the preformed simulations, we constrain the helium abundance in the upper atmosphere of HD189733b by a rather low value of He/H~0.005. We show that under conditions of a moderate stellar wind similar to that of the Sun the absorption of Lya line takes place mostly within the Roche lobe due to thermal broadening at a level of about 7%. At an order of magnitude stronger wind, a significant absorption of about 15% at high blue shifted velocities of up to 100 km/s is generated in the bowshock region, due to Doppler broadening. These blue shifted velocities are still lower than those (~200 km/s) detected in one of the observations. We explain the differences between performed observations, though not in all the details, by the stellar activity and the related fluctuations of the ionizing radiation (in case of 10830 A line), and stellar wind (in case of Lya line).
Whispering-Gallery Mode Resonator Technique with Microfluidic Channel for Permittivity Measurement of Liquids
Creators: name: Gubin, Alexey I.
name: Barannik, Alexander A.
name: Cherpak, Nickolay T.
name: Protsenko, Irina A
name: Pud, Sergey
name: Offenhaeusser, Andreas
name: Vitusevich, Svetlana A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Studies of biochemical liquids require precise determination of their complex permittivity. We developed a microwave characterization technique on the basis of a high-quality whispering-gallery mode (WGM) sapphire resonator with a microfluidic channel filled with the liquid under test. A novel approach allows obtaining the complex permittivity of biochemical liquids of sub-microliter/nanoliter volumes with high accuracy. The method is based on special procedure of analysis of the interaction of electromagnetic field with liquid in WGM microfluidic resonator and measurements of both the WGM resonance frequency shift and the change of the inverse quality factor. The approach is successfully applied to obtain the complex permittivity in the Ka band of glucose, albumin bovine serum, lactalbumin and cytochrome C aqueous solutions using the developed microwave technique.
Tooling for Time- and Space-efficient git Repository Mining
Creators: name: Heseding, Fabian
name: Scheibel, Willy
name: Döllner, Jürgen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Software projects under version control grow with each commit, accumulating up to hundreds of thousands of commits per repository. Especially for such large projects, the traversal of a repository and data extraction for static source code analysis poses a trade-off between granularity and speed. We showcase the command-line tool pyrepositoryminer that combines a set of optimization approaches for efficient traversal and data extraction from git repositories while being adaptable to third-party and custom software metrics and data extractions. The tool is written in Python and combines bare repository access, in-memory storage, parallelization, caching, change-based analysis, and optimized communication between the traversal and custom data extraction components. The tool allows for both metrics written in Python and external programs for data extraction. A single-thread performance evaluation based on a basic mining use case shows a mean speedup of 15.6x to other freely available tools across four mid-sized open source projects. A multi-threaded execution allows for load distribution among cores and, thus, a mean speedup up to 86.9x using 12 threads.
BioTouchPass: Handwritten Passwords for Touchscreen Biometrics
Creators: name: Tolosana, Ruben
name: Vera-Rodriguez, Ruben
name: Fierrez, Julian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This work enhances traditional authentication systems based on Personal Identification Numbers (PIN) and One-Time Passwords (OTP) through the incorporation of biometric information as a second level of user authentication. In our proposed approach, users draw each digit of the password on the touchscreen of the device instead of typing them as usual. A complete analysis of our proposed biometric system is carried out regarding the discriminative power of each handwritten digit and the robustness when increasing the length of the password and the number of enrolment samples. The new e-BioDigit database, which comprises on-line handwritten digits from 0 to 9, has been acquired using the finger as input on a mobile device. This database is used in the experiments reported in this work and it is available together with benchmark results in GitHub. Finally, we discuss specific details for the deployment of our proposed approach on current PIN and OTP systems, achieving results with Equal Error Rates (EERs) ca. 4.0% when the attacker knows the password. These results encourage the deployment of our proposed approach in comparison to traditional PIN and OTP systems where the attack would have 100% success rate under the same impostor scenario.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2001.10223
The effect of a patellar brace on three-dimensional patellar kinematics in patients with lateral patellofemoral osteoarthritis
Creators: name: McWalter, Emily Jane
name: Hunter, D.J.
name: Harvey, W.F.
name: McCree, P.
name: Hirko, D.T.
name: Felson, D.T.
name: Wilson, David R.
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2018

description: Objective: Patellar bracing is a mechanical treatment strategy for patellofemoral osteoarthritis (OA) that aims to unload the lateral compartment of the joint by translating the patella medially. Our objective was to determine whether a patellar brace can correct patellar kinematics in patients with patellofemoral OA. Design: We assessed the effect of a patellar brace on three-dimensional patellar kinematics (flexion, spin and tilt; proximal, lateral and anterior translation) at sequential, static knee postures, using a validated MRI-based method, in 19 patients with radiographic lateral patellofemoral OA. Differences in kinematics between un-braced and braced conditions were assessed in the unloaded and loaded knee (15% bodyweight load) using hierarchical linear random-effects models. Random slope and quadratic terms were included in the model when significant (p<0.05). Results: Bracing with load caused the patellae to translate 0.46 mm medially (p<0.001), tilt 1.17° medially (p<0.001), spin 0.62° externally (p=0.012) and translate 1.09 mm distally (p<0.001) and 0.47 mm anteriorly (p<0.001) over the range of knee flexion angles studied. Bracing also caused the patellae to extend in early angles of knee flexion (p<0.001). The brace caused similar trends for the unloaded condition, though magnitudes of the changes varied. Conclusion: Bracing changed patellar kinematics, but these changes did not appear large enough to be clinically meaningful because no reduction in pain was observed in the parent study.
title: 01_1629
Creators: name: Wesley Baldwin, John
name: Baldwin, John W.
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: L'ensemble de ces notes ont été crée par John Baldwin lors d'une de ses premières périodes de résidence à Paris. Ces documents comprennent tous les magistri qu’il avait pu rencontrer dans ses sources. Aux XIIème et XIIIème siècles, les universités n'existant pas encore, le titre de magister s'il évoque certainement une compétence n'est pas rattaché de façon systématique au passage par les écoles. De surcroît, les magistris sont le plus souvent désignés par leur seul prénom. La lecture de ces données est donc difficile et suppose un long travail pour tenter d'identifier un individu auquel on pourrait rattacher plusieurs mentions. John Baldwin avait donc renoncé à utiliser ces données pour donner un prolongement à sa magnifique étude sur les gradués d'université et leur emploi par les Capétiens et les Plantagenêts. Néanmoins, il a conservé ces données et elles sont potentiellement très utile dans le cadre de Studium, comme le sont toutes les mentions dans les volumes des Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae de chanoines portant ce titre de magister sans autres précisions. L'ampleur des dépouillements rend ces données très utiles et nous devons une grande reconnaissance à John Baldwin pour avoir pris la peine de faire photocopier ses fiches et de nous les avoir transmises amicalement.
Les données ainsi que les images des fiches sont accessibles sur le site Internet à l'adresse suivante : http://studium-baldwin.lamop.fr/.
Les transcriptions des fiches ont été effectuées par des étudiants de Paris 1 Panthéon - Sorbonne mais elles n'ont pas été corrigées par la suite.
description: Relation: https://lamop.hypotheses.org/
Role of epithelial integrin-linked kinase in promoting intestinal inflammation: effects on CCL2, fibronectin and the T cell repertoire
Creators: name: Assi, Kiran
name: Patterson, Scott
name: Dedhar, Shoukat
name: Owen, David
name: Levings, Megan
name: Salh, Baljinder
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2016

description: Background: The role of integrin signaling in mucosal inflammation is presently unknown. Hence, we aimed to investigate the role of epithelial-derived integrin-linked kinase (ILK), a critical integrin signaling intermediary molecule, in colonic inflammation. Methods: Conditional intestinal epithelial cell ILK knockout mice were used for assessment of acute and chronic dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) -induced colitis. Disease activity was scored using standard histological scoring, mucosal cytokines were measured using ELISA, chemokines were determined using reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction, as well as Q-PCR, and intracellular cytokine staining performed using FACS analysis. Results: In both acute and chronic DSS-induced colitis, compared to wild-type mice, ILK-ko mice exhibit less weight loss, and have reduced inflammatory scores. In an in vitro model system using HCT116 cells, we demonstrate that si-RNA mediated down-regulation of ILK results in a reduction in monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP1, CCL2) chemokine expression. A reduction in CCL2 levels is also observed in the tissue lysates of chronically inflamed colons from ILK-ko mice. Examination of mesenteric lymph node lymphocytes from ILK-ko mice reveals that there is a reduction in the levels of IFN gamma using intracellular staining, together with an increase in Foxp3+ T regulatory cells. Immunohistochemistry demonstrates that reduced fibronectin expression characterizes the inflammatory lesions within the colons of ILK-ko mice. Intriguingly, we demonstrate that fibronectin is directly capable of downregulating T regulatory cell development. Conclusions: Collectively, the data indicate for the first time that ILK plays a pro-inflammatory role in intestinal inflammation, through effects on chemokine expression, the extracellular matrix and immune tolerance.
Simultaneous Imaging of Widely Differing Particle Concentrations in MPI: Problem Statement and Algorithmic Proposal for Improvement
Creators: name: Boberg, Marija
name: Gdaniec, Nadine
name: Szwargulski, Patryk
name: Werner, Franziska
name: Möddel, Martin
name: Knopp, Tobias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic Particle Imaging (MPI) is a tomographic imaging technique for determining the spatial distribution of superparamagnetic nanoparticles. Current MPI systems are capable of imaging iron masses over a wide dynamic range of more than four orders of magnitude. In theory, this range could be further increased using adaptive amplifiers, which prevent signal clipping. While this applies to a single sample, the dynamic range is severely limited if several samples with different concentrations or strongly inhomogeneous particle distributions are considered. One scenario that occurs quite frequently in pre-clinical applications is that a highly concentrated tracer bolus in the vascular system "shadows" nearby organs with lower effective tracer concentrations. The root cause of the problem is the ill-posedness of the MPI imaging operator, which requires regularization for stable reconstruction. In this work, we introduce a simple two-step algorithm that increases the dynamic range by a factor of four. Furthermore, the algorithm enables spatially adaptive regularization, i.e. highly concentrated signals can be reconstructed with maximum spatial resolution, while low concentrated signals are strongly regularized to prevent noise amplification.
A hybrid multi-object segmentation framework with model-based B-splines for microbial single cell analysis
Creators: name: Ruzaeva, Karina
name: Nöh, Katharina
name: Berkels, Benjamin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: In this paper, we propose a hybrid approach for multi-object microbial cell segmentation. The approach combines an ML-based detection with a geometry-aware variational-based segmentation using B-splines that are parametrized based on a geometric model of the cell shape. The detection is done first using YOLOv5. In a second step, each detected cell is segmented individually. Thus, the segmentation only needs to be done on a per-cell basis, which makes it amenable to a variational approach that incorporates prior knowledge on the geometry. Here, the contour of the segmentation is modelled as closed uniform cubic B-spline, whose control points are parametrized using the known cell geometry. Compared to purely ML-based segmentation approaches, which need accurate segmentation maps as training data that are very laborious to produce, our method just needs bounding boxes as training data. Still, the proposed method performs on par with ML-based segmentation approaches usually used in this context. We study the performance of the proposed method on time-lapse microscopy data of Corynebacterium glutamicum.
Awakening Graduates' Potential in Nigeria through Entrepreneurship Programmes of the National Youth Service Corps (NYSC)
Creators: name: GIWA, Yussuf Olaoye
name: Muhideen Adewale, Oladejo,
name: Sekinat Ajoke, Adetona,
name: Ramota Odufunke, Odufisan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 380104
subject: Economics of education
classificationCode: 380111
subject: Labour economics

description: Entrepreneurship education has been the new normal in different countries to address unemployment all over the world. This is because entrepreneurship serves as a potent rule to solve a myriad of problems in society. This paper, therefore, examines the relationship between the entrepreneurship programme of the National Youth Service Corps (NYSC) set up by the Federal Government of Nigeria on awakening graduate potential in the country. The study used the descriptive survey research design with a sample of 434 respondents who were selected using the simple random sampling technique. The data for the study was collected using a self-designed instrument titled the Awakening Graduate Potential scale. The instrument was structured on a four-point modified Likert-type scale. The data was collected using two trained research assistants. Data collected was analysed using Pearson Product-Moment Correlation Statistics. Findings revealed that there was a significant relationship between skill acquisition and entrepreneurship development on the awakening the hidden potentials of Nigerian graduates with 0.042, with a p-value of 0.552. It also shows that there was a significant relationship between community development service and awakening the hidden potentials of Nigerian graduates with 0.112, with a p value of 0.674. Based on these findings, the study, therefore, recommends that the department in charge of skills acquisition and entrepreneurship should endeavour to engage professional facilitators who will impart the required skills and knowledge to the corps member. The youth service year is a period that requires its members to be patriotic. Corps members should take the chance to set their goals, be good lag flier, and integrate with the community they get deployed to. Youth corps should endeavour to accept, with utmost faith and humility, their state of deployment to achieve the objectives of the NYSC.
A Volatility Estimator of Stock Market Indices Based on the Intrinsic Entropy Model
Creators: name: Vinte, Claudiu
name: Ausloos, Marcel
name: Furtuna, Titus Felix
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Finance (q-fin.MF)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Grasping the historical volatility of stock market indices and accurately estimating are two of the major focuses of those involved in the financial securities industry and derivative instruments pricing. This paper presents the results of employing the intrinsic entropy model as a substitute for estimating the volatility of stock market indices. Diverging from the widely used volatility models that take into account only the elements related to the traded prices, namely the open, high, low, and close prices of a trading day (OHLC), the intrinsic entropy model takes into account the traded volumes during the considered time frame as well. We adjust the intraday intrinsic entropy model that we introduced earlier for exchange-traded securities in order to connect daily OHLC prices with the ratio of the corresponding daily volume to the overall volume traded in the considered period. The intrinsic entropy model conceptualizes this ratio as entropic probability or market credence assigned to the corresponding price level. The intrinsic entropy is computed using historical daily data for traded market indices (S&P 500, Dow 30, NYSE Composite, NASDAQ Composite, Nikkei 225, and Hang Seng Index). We compare the results produced by the intrinsic entropy model with the volatility estimates obtained for the same data sets using widely employed industry volatility estimators. The intrinsic entropy model proves to consistently deliver reliable estimates for various time frames while showing peculiarly high values for the coefficient of variation, with the estimates falling in a significantly lower interval range compared with those provided by the other advanced volatility estimators.
A new adaptive testing algorithm for shortening health literacy assessments
Creators: name: Kandula, Sasikiran
name: Ancker, Jessica S.
name: Kaufman, David R.
name: Currie, Leanne M.
name: Zeng-Treitler, Qing
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2015

description: Background. Low health literacy has a detrimental effect on health outcomes, as well as ability to use online health resources. Good health literacy assessment tools must be brief to be adopted in practice; test development from the perspective of item-response theory requires pretesting on large participant populations. Our objective was to develop a novel classification method for developing brief assessment instruments that does not require pretesting on large numbers of research participants, and that would be suitable for computerized adaptive testing. Methods We present a new algorithm that uses principles of measurement decision theory (MDT) and Shannon's information theory. As a demonstration, we applied it to a secondary analysis of data sets from two assessment tests: a study that measured patients' familiarity with health terms (52 participants, 60 items) and a study that assessed health numeracy (165 participants, 8 items). Results In the familiarity data set, the method correctly classified 88.5% of the subjects, and the average length of test was reduced by about 50%. In the numeracy data set, for a two-class classification scheme, 96.9% of the subjects were correctly classified with a more modest reduction in test length of 35.7%; a three-class scheme correctly classified 93.8% with a 17.7% reduction in test length. Conclusions MDT-based approaches are a promising alternative to approaches based on item-response theory, and are well-suited for computerized adaptive testing in the health domain.
An Intrinsic Entropy Model for Exchange-Traded Securities
Creators: name: Vinte, Claudiu
name: Smeureanu, Ion
name: Furtuna, Titus-Felix
name: Ausloos, Marcel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Finance (q-fin.MF)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This article introduces an intrinsic entropy model that can be used as an indicator to gauge investor interest in a given exchange-traded security, along with the state of the general market corroborated by individual security trade data. Although the syntagma of intrinsic entropy might sound somehow pleonastic, since entropy itself characterizes the fundamentals of a system, we would like to make a clear distinction between entropy models based on the values that a random variable may take and the model that we propose, which employs actual stock exchange trading data. The model we propose for intrinsic entropy does not include any exogenous factor that could influence the level of entropy. The intrinsic entropy signals whether the market is inclined to buy the security or rather to sell it. We further explore the usage of the intrinsic entropy model for algorithmic trading, in order to demonstrate the value of our model in assisting investors in the selection of the intraday stock portfolio, along with timely generated signals to support the buy / sell decision making process. The test results provide empirical evidence that the proposed intrinsic entropy model can be used as an indicator to evaluate the direction and intensity of intraday trading activity of an exchange-traded security. The data used for the test consisted of historical intraday transactions executed on The Bucharest Stock Exchange (BVB).
Short report on new hologram on protein-specific sorter
Creators: name: Grillo, Vincenzo
name: Rotunno, Enzo
name: Rosi, Paolo
name: Gazzadi, Gian Carlo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Q-sort

description: The purpose of this deliverable is to explain the design and the realization of specific holograms for the experiments of protein recognition. This design is based on the theoretical work done in the DE3.2.
 The work is to be thought together with the coming deliverable on generalized e.m. sorter (DE3.4) as they are two alternatives for the same problem of protein recognition.
 This is therefore propaedeutic for the protein recognition problem foreseen in del 3.3 that represents one of the final goals of the project.
 The objective of this deliverable is to demonstrate how the hologram are designed with respect to their planned use in the Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) column and their actual feasibility as a real nanofabricated object. The feasibility of the hologram is not obvious since the Focused Ion Beam (FIB) nanofabrication can typically fabricate details down 50-100 nm depending on the working conditions. It is therefore very important to have a precise idea of the effective size of the objects based on the present version of the electrostatic sorter and the focal distances in the TITAN HOLO column.
Publishing a Knowledge Organization System as Linked Data: The Case of the Universal Decimal Classification
Creators: name: Slavic, Aida
name: Siebes, Ronald
name: Scharnhorst, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Linked data (LD) technology is hailed as a long-awaited solution in web-based information exchange. Linked Open Data (LOD) bring this to another level by enabling meaningful linking of resources and creating a global, openly accessible knowledge graph. Our case is the Universal Decimal Classification (UDC) and the challenges for a KOS service provider to maintain an LD service. UDC was created during the period 1896--1904 to support systematic organization and information retrieval of a bibliography. When discussing UDC as LD we make a distinction between two types of UDC data or two provenances: UDC source data, and UDC codes as they appear in metadata. To serve the purpose of supplying semantics one has to front--end UDC LD with a service that can parse and interpret complex UDC strings. While the use of UDC is free the publishing and distributing of UDC data is protected by a licence. Publishing of UDC both as LD and as LOD must be provided for within a complex service that would allow open access as well as access through a paywall barrier for different levels of licences. The practical task of publishing the UDC as LOD was informed by the '10Things guidelines'. The process includes conceptual parts and technological parts. The transition to a new technology is never a purely mechanical act but is a research endeavour in its own right. The UDC case has shown the importance of cross-domain, inter-disciplinary collaboration which needs experts well situated in multiple knowledge domains.
Development of a screening tool for predicting the risk of pneumonia in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Creators: name: Suriyon Mingkwan
Publisher: name: Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences KKU MSU UBU
Year: 2017
Subjects: Pneumonia, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Screening tool, Risk factor

description: Isan Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 13, 3, 14-24
Understanding the impact of 1q21.1 copy number variant
Creators: name: Harvard, Chansonette
name: Strong, Emma
name: Mercier, Eloi
name: Colnaghi, Rita
name: Alcantara, Diana
name: Chow, Eva
name: Martell, Sally
name: Tyson, Christine
name: Hrynchak, Monica
name: McGillivray, Barbara
name: Hamilton, Sara
name: Marles, Sandra
name: Mhanni, Aziz
name: Dawson, Angelika J
name: Pavlidis, Paul
name: Qiao, Ying
name: Holden, Jeanette J
name: Lewis, Suzanne M
name: O’Driscoll, Mark
name: Rajcan-Separovic, Evica
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2015

description: Background: 1q21.1 Copy Number Variant (CNV) is associated with a highly variable phenotype ranging from congenital anomalies, learning deficits/intellectual disability (ID), to a normal phenotype. Hence, the clinical significance of this CNV can be difficult to evaluate. Here we described the consequences of the 1q21.1 CNV on genome-wide gene expression and function of selected candidate genes within 1q21.1 using cell lines from clinically well described subjects. Methods and Results Eight subjects from 3 families were included in the study: six with a 1q21.1 deletion and two with a 1q21.1 duplication. High resolution Affymetrix 2.7M array was used to refine the 1q21.1 CNV breakpoints and exclude the presence of secondary CNVs of pathogenic relevance. Whole genome expression profiling, studied in lymphoblast cell lines (LBCs) from 5 subjects, showed enrichment of genes from 1q21.1 in the top 100 genes ranked based on correlation of expression with 1q21.1 copy number. The function of two top genes from 1q21.1, CHD1L/ALC1 and PRKAB2, was studied in detail in LBCs from a deletion and a duplication carrier. CHD1L/ALC1 is an enzyme with a role in chromatin modification and DNA damage response while PRKAB2 is a member of the AMP kinase complex, which senses and maintains systemic and cellular energy balance. The protein levels for CHD1L/ALC1 and PRKAB2 were changed in concordance with their copy number in both LBCs. A defect in chromatin remodeling was documented based on impaired decatenation (chromatid untangling) checkpoint (DCC) in both LBCs. This defect, reproduced by CHD1L/ALC1 siRNA, identifies a new role of CHD1L/ALC1 in DCC. Both LBCs also showed elevated levels of micronuclei following treatment with a Topoisomerase II inhibitor suggesting increased DNA breaks. AMP kinase function, specifically in the deletion containing LBCs, was attenuated. Conclusion Our studies are unique as they show for the first time that the 1q21.1 CNV not only causes changes in the expression of its key integral genes, associated with changes at the protein level, but also results in changes in their known function, in the case of AMPK, and newly identified function such as DCC activation in the case of CHD1L/ALC1. Our results support the use of patient lymphoblasts for dissecting the functional sequelae of genes integral to CNVs in carrier cell lines, ultimately enhancing understanding of biological processes which may contribute to the clinical phenotype.
Emission Variation of a Long-period Pulsar Discovered by the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Radio Telescope (FAST)
Creators: name: Tedila, H. M.
name: Yuen, R.
name: Wang, N.
name: Yuan, J. P.
name: Wen, Z. G.
name: Yan, W. M.
name: Wang, S. Q.
name: Dang, S. J.
name: Li, D.
name: Wang, P.
name: Zhu, W. W.
name: Niu, J. R.
name: Miao, C. C.
name: Xue, M. Y.
name: Zhang, L.
name: Tu, Z. Y.
name: Rejep, R.
name: Xie, J. T.
name: Collaboration, FAST
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the variation in the single-pulse emission from PSR J1900+4221 (CRAFTS 19C10) observed at frequency centered at 1.25 GHz using the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope. The integrated pulse profile shows two distinct components, referred to here as the leading and trailing components, with the latter component also containing a third weak component. The single-pulse sequence reveals different emissions demonstrating as nulling, regular, and bright pulses, each with a particular abundance and duration distribution. There also exists pulses that follow a log-normal distribution suggesting the possibility of another emission, in which the pulsar is radiating weakly. Changes in the profile shape are seen across different emissions. We examine the emission variations in the leading and trailing components collectively and separately, and find moderate correlation between the two components. The inclination angle is estimated to be about 7° based on pulse-width, and we discuss that nulling in this pulsar does not seem to show correlation with age and rotation period.
Tuning the perpendicular anisotropy of ferromagnetic films by thickness, width, and profile
Creators: name: Kopnov, Gregory
name: Gerber, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Perpendicular magnetic anisotropy was found to be highly sensitive to the nominal thickness and morphology of laterally heterogeneous CoPd films in the vicinity of the metal insulator transition. We used the effect to tune the anisotropy by the width of lithographically patterned stripes with non-uniform cross-sectional thickness profiles. The phenomenon and the method can be suitable to control the local anisotropy of spintronic logic circuitry elements by their shape and lateral dimensions.
Tropically stable novel oral lipid formulation of amphotericin B (iCo-010): biodistribution and toxicity in a mouse model
Creators: name: Sivak, Olena
name: Gershkovich, Pavel
name: Lin, Molly
name: Wasan, Ellen K
name: Zhao, Jinying
name: Owen, David
name: Clement, John G
name: Wasan, Kishor M
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2016

description: Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the biodistribution and toxicity of amphotericin B (AmB) following multiple oral administrations of a novel tropically stable lipid-based formulation (iCo-010). Methods: BALB/c mice were allocated into six groups: oral iCo-010 twice daily for 5 days in the dose of 20, 10, 5 and 2.5 mg/kg; vehicle control; and intravenous boluses of Fungizone® 2 mg/kg once daily for 5 days. The animals were sacrificed 12 h following the last administration and blood and tissues were collected. Results: The plasma concentrations of AmB were similar to previously reported after administration of iCo-009. Somewhat lower concentrations of AmB were detected in reticulo-endothelial system in the case of iCo-010 when compared with iCo-009. The concentration in kidney was higher with iCo-010 than with iCo-009. The creatinine levels in all oral treatment groups were in a normal range as in the case of iCo-009. Administration of Fungizone® resulted in elevated plasma creatinine levels. Histopathology analysis detected no GI, liver or kidney toxicity following multiple dose oral administration of iCo-010. Fungizone® treatment induced necrotic changes in hepatic and kidney tissues. Conclusions: Given the tropical stability of iCo-010, near identical activity against visceral leishmaniasis and significant concentrations in target organs this formulation has a potential to become a treatment of choice in tropical developing countries.
Hydration Kinetics and Microstructural Characteristics of Natural Pozzolan-Nanosilica Cementitious Systems: Insights from Paste and Field Concrete Studies
Creators: name: Zhaksybay, Bibigul
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 400599
subject: Civil engineering not elsewhere classified

description: This thesis investigates the hydration kinetics and microstructural development of cementitious systems incorporating natural pozzolans (NPs) and nanosilica (nS), with a focus on both laboratory-prepared paste and mortar samples and field-cast concretes. The research addresses the growing need for sustainable supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) as alternatives to conventional materials like fly ash amid industry-wide efforts to reduce the carbon footprint of cement production. Experimental studies were conducted to evaluate the performance of two different types of volcanic ashes (VAs) and calcined clay (CC) in concrete systems under varying curing temperatures (5°C, 23°C, and 45°C). Isothermal calorimetry and differential scanning calorimetry were employed to quantify hydration behavior and pozzolanic activity, while scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and optical microscopy (OM) were used to characterize the microstructure of concretes after one year of field exposure. The findings demonstrate that NPs can achieve mechanical performance comparable to or exceeding that of fly ash mixtures, with one of the VAs exhibiting particularly favorable results. Additionally, the combination of NPs with nS in ternary systems resulted in slightly accelerated hydration, reduced calcium hydroxide content, and enhanced C-S-H formation, leading to denser matrices. The curing temperature was found to significantly impact hydration kinetics and long-term properties, with low temperatures halting prolonged pozzolanic activity. Overall, this work underscores the potential of NPs to serve as effective, sustainable alternatives in modern concrete infrastructure, offering both environmental benefits and improved material performance.
Medication Preparedness for Emergency Flooding Situations of Public Hospitals in Central Thailand: A Case Study of Flooding Crisis in 2011
Creators: name: Pattamaporn Witoonsasiwimol
Publisher: name: Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences KKU MSU UBU
Year: 2017
Subjects: flooding, medication preparedness, public hospital, survey, Thailand

description: Isan Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 13, 3, 25-37