cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Identifying the QCD Phase Transitions via the Gravitational Wave Frequency from Supernova Explosion
Creators: name: Bai, Zhan
name: Fu, Wei-jie
name: Liu, Yu-xin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the non-radial oscillations of newly born neutron stars (NSs) and strange quark stars (SQSs). This is done with the relativistic nuclear field theory with hyperon degrees of freedom employed to describe the equation of state for the stellar matter in NSs, and with both the MIT bag model and the Nambu--Jona-Lasinio model adopted to construct the configurations of the SQSs. We find that the gravitational-mode ($g$-mode) eigenfrequencies of newly born SQSs are significantly lower than those of NSs, which is independent of models implemented to describe the equation of state for the strange quark matter. Meanwhile, the eigenfrequencies of the other modes of non-radial oscillations, e.g., fundamental ($f$)- and pressure ($p$)-modes, are much larger than those of the $g$-mode, and is related to the stiffness of the equation of states (EoSs). In the light of the first direct observation of gravitational waves, it is promising to employ the gravitational waves to identify the QCD phase transition in high density strong interaction matter.
description: 22 pages, 10 figures, Extension of arXiv:1701.00418. Version to appear in AstroPhys. J
Aircraft Structural Assessments in Data-limited Environments A Validated FE Method.pdf
Creators: name: Haider, Aun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 400102
subject: Aerospace structures

description: Aircraft operators often modify aircraft configurations, install new equipment, and alter airframes to accommodate this equipment, leading to operations in flight envelopes different from original design profile. These modifications necessitate airframe structural assessments, which typically require comprehensive aircraft design data, often unavailable to operators. This study aims to develop and validate a practical method for finite element analysis (FEA) of aircraft structures in the absence of this detailed design data. Focusing on a case study involving structural analysis of an aircraft wing, this study presents assumptions and idealizations used to develop 2.5D finite element (FE) model of the wing. Fidelity of this model is established by comparing FE analysis results with xperimental data. Key validation metrics include reaction forces, load distribution at wing-fuselage attachments, and deformation at reference points on the wing under design load. Comparison between FE analysis and experimental results is carried out to substantiates accuracy of these geometric simplifications and idealizations of load-carrying behaviour of structural members. Therefore, practicality of these idealizations in absence of design data is demonstrated. This study offers a novel approach for structural assessments of aircraft without relying on proprietary design data. The validated method enhances capability of aircraft operators to perform effective structural analyses, thereby extending service life of aircraft with continued airworthiness.
Low-mass dilepton production in $pp$ and $AA$ collisions
Creators: name: Kang, Zhong-Bo
name: Qiu, Jian-Wei
name: Vogelsang, Werner
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We adopt a factorized QCD formalism to describe the transverse momentum distribution of low-mass lepton pairs produced in $pp$ collisions, when the pair transverse momentum $Q_T \gg Q$, with the pair's invariant mass $Q$ as low as $Q \sim Λ_{\mathrm{QCD}}$. We extend this formalism to dilepton production in $AA$ collisions by including the nuclear-dependent power correction due to parton multiple scattering.
description: 4 pages, 1 figures - To appear in the conference proceedings for Quark Matter 2009, March 30 - April 4, Knoxville, Tennessee
Practice Abstracts BRANCHES PROJECT H2020 - PA65
Creators: name: Bieńkowski, Tomasz
name: Gołaszewski, Janusz
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Vertical and horizontal networking of stakeholders in development of sustainable potato market in Poland 
description: BRANCHES will produce and share more than 50 case studies, considered Best Practices. The selected case studies will be summarized in Practice Abstracts (PAs), documents tailored for practitioners, shared through the project media and collected on this webpage. The numbering of the PAs only refers to chronological order of uploading. Enjoy your reading!
Rivoluzione nell’individuo? Un’interpretazione della scelta esistenziale in Ágnes Heller
Creators: name: Vestrucci, Andrea
Publisher: name: Firenze University Press
Year: 2013
Subjects: Ágnes Heller; individual, existential choice; revolution; moral philosophy; utopia

description: This article interprets Ágnes Heller’s “existential choice”, in the light of the concept of revolution in an individual’s life. Initially the various forms of “existential choice” are analyzed, with special reference to “self choice as a good person”, which links the individual with a universal normative model. Then parallelism is posited with the modern concept of political revolution: modern revolution and individual existential choice, in Heller’s view, are two parallel attempts to mould (political or personal) contingency by means of the value of universality: on the one hand moral choice is the realization of the universally moral individual, while on the other revolution is brought about in the name of the universality of the values of freedom and life. For this reason existential choice and political revolution combine in the definition of the human condition, whether it be individual or political-normative, peculiar to modern times.
description: LEA - Lingue e Letterature d'Oriente e d'Occidente, Vol 1 (2012)
Magnetized Memories: Analogies and Templates in Model Transfer
Creators: name: Knuuttila, Tarja
name: Loettgers, Andrea
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Philosophy of Science
Models

description: One striking feature of the contemporary modeling practice is its interdisciplinarity: the same function forms and equations, and mathematical and computational methods are being transferred across disciplinary boundaries. Within philosophy of science this interdisciplinary dimension of modeling has been addressed by both analogy and template-based approaches that have proceeded separately from each other. We argue that a more fully-blown account of model transfer needs both perspectives. We examine analogical reasoning and template application through a detailed case study on the transfer of the Ising model from physics into neuroscience. Our account combines the analogy and template-based approaches through the notion of a model template that highlights the conceptual side of model transfer.
Moringa oleifera seed oil extracted by pressurized n-propane and its effect against Staphylococcus aureus biofilms
Creators: name: de Oliveira, Alessandra Marjorie
name: Szczerepa, Márcia Maria dos Anjos
name: Tognim, Maria Cristina Bronharo
name: de Abreu Filho, Benício Alves
name: Cardozo-Filho, Lúcio
name: Gomes, Raquel Guttierres
name: Bergamasco, Rosângela
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Staphylococcus aureus is often associated worldwide with foodborne illnesses, and the elimination of biofilms formed by this bacterium from industrial surfaces is very challenging. To date, there have been few attempts to investigate plant oils obtained by recent green technologies, applied against biofilms on usual surfaces of the food industry and bacteria isolated from such environment. Therefore, this study evaluated the activity of Moringa oleifera seed oil (MOSO), extracted with pressurized n-propane, against standard and environmental S. aureus biofilms. Additionally, a genotypic and phenotypic study of the environmental S. aureus was proposed. It was found that this bacterium was a MSSA (methicillin-sensitive S. aureus), a carrier of icaA and icaD genes that has strong adhesion (OD550=1.86±0.19) during biofilm formation. The use of pressurized n-propane as a solvent was efficient in obtaining MOSO, achieving a yield of 60.9%. Gas chromatography analyses revealed the presence of a rich source of fatty acids in MOSO, mainly oleic acid (62.47%), behenic acid (10.5%) and palmitic acid (7.32%). On polystyrene surface, MOSO at 0.5% and 1% showed inhibitory and bactericidal activity, respectively, against S. aureus biofilms. MOSO at 1% allowed a maximum reduction of 2.38 log UFC/cm² of S. aureus biofilms formed on PVC (polyvinyl chloride) surface. Scanning electron microscopy showed disturbances on the surface of S. aureus after exposure to MOSO. These unprecedented findings suggest that MOSO extracted with pressurized n-propane is potentially capable of inhibiting biofilms of different S. aureus strains, thus, contributing to microbiological safety during food processing.
Magnitude homology of graphs and discrete Morse theory on Asao-Izumihara complexes
Creators: name: Tajima, Yu
name: Yoshinaga, Masahiko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 55N35, 05C10, 51F99, 05E45

description: Recently, Asao and Izumihara introduced CW-complexes whose homology groups are isomorphic to direct summands of the graph magnitude homology group. In this paper, we study the homotopy type of the CW-complexes in connection with the diagonality of magnitude homology groups. We prove that the Asao-Izumihara complex is homotopy equivalent to a wedge of spheres for pawful graphs introduced by Y. Gu. The result can be considered as a homotopy type version of Gu's result. We also formulate a slight generalization of the notion of pawful graphs and find new non-pawful diagonal graphs of diameter $2$.
description: v3: figures fixed, to appear in Homology, Homotopy and Applications
Non-Gaussianity and the Cosmic Microwave Background Anisotropies
Creators: name: Bartolo, N.
name: Matarrese, S.
name: Riotto, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review in a pedagogical way the present status of the impact of non-Gaussianity (NG) on the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) anisotropies. We first show how to set the initial conditions at second-order for the (gauge invariant) CMB anisotropies when some primordial NG is present. However, there are many sources of NG in CMB anisotropies, beyond the primordial one, which can contaminate the primordial signal. We mainly focus on the NG generated from the post-inflationary evolution of the CMB anisotropies at second-order in perturbation theory at large and small angular scales, such as the ones generated at the recombination epoch. We show how to derive the equations to study the second-order CMB anisotropies and provide analytical computations to evaluate their contamination to primordial NG (complemented with numerical examples). We also offer a brief summary of other secondary effects. This review requires basic knowledge of the theory of cosmological perturbations at the linear level.
description: 118 pages, 11 figures, LaTeX file. Invited Review for the special issue "Testing the Gaussianity and Statistical Isotropy of the Universe" for Advances in Astronomy
Enhanced discrimination of high-dimensional quantum states by concatenated optimal measurement strategies
Creators: name: Solís-Prosser, M. A.
name: Jiménez, O.
name: Delgado, A.
name: Neves, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The impossibility of deterministic and error-free discrimination among nonorthogonal quantum states lies at the core of quantum theory and constitutes a primitive for secure quantum communication. Demanding determinism leads to errors, while demanding certainty leads to some inconclusiveness. One of the most fundamental strategies developed for this task is the optimal unambiguous measurement. It encompasses conclusive results, which allow for error-free state retrodictions with the maximum success probability, and inconclusive results, which are discarded for not allowing perfect identifications. Interestingly, in high-dimensional Hilbert spaces the inconclusive results may contain valuable information about the input states. Here, we theoretically describe and experimentally demonstrate the discrimination of nonorthogonal states from both conclusive and inconclusive results in the optimal unambiguous strategy, by concatenating a minimum-error measurement at its inconclusive space. Our implementation comprises 4- and 9-dimensional spatially encoded photonic states. By accessing the inconclusive space to retrieve the information that is wasted in the conventional protocol, we achieve significant increases of up to a factor of 2.07 and 3.73, respectively, in the overall probabilities of correct retrodictions. The concept of concatenated optimal measurements demonstrated here can be extended to other strategies and will enable one to explore the full potential of high-dimensional nonorthogonal states for quantum communication with larger alphabets.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures. Published version
Three Plays by Austin Clarke and the Commedia Tradition
Creators: name: Murray, Christopher
Publisher: name: Biblioteca di Studi di Filologia Moderna: Series, Journals and Workshop
Year: 2011

description: Commedia dell’arte influenced theatrical production styles in many European countries, Ireland being no exception, assimilating the influence through pantomime during colonial times. The drama of Austin Clarke (1896-1974) is usually examined in the context of Yeats’s plays and modern poetic drama. But among his plays are three little-known experimental pieces, The Kiss, The Second Kiss and The Third Kiss, which make use of four characters from the wider commedia tradition, Harlequin, Columbine, Pierrot and Pierrette and also self-consciously exploit the possibilities of romance, mischief and the carnivalesque for Clarke’s own poetic purposes. The aim of this essay is to show how Clarke’s use for his Lyric Theatre of themes and techniques derived from commedia dell’arte represents both a tribute to a specific international form and a critique in satirical terms of hypocrisies underlying Irish bourgeois society in the 1940s and after.
description: Studi irlandesi. A Journal of Irish Studies, No 1 (2011)
Continual Learning of a Mixed Sequence of Similar and Dissimilar Tasks
Creators: name: Ke, Zixuan
name: Liu, Bing
name: Huang, Xingchang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Existing research on continual learning of a sequence of tasks focused on dealing with catastrophic forgetting, where the tasks are assumed to be dissimilar and have little shared knowledge. Some work has also been done to transfer previously learned knowledge to the new task when the tasks are similar and have shared knowledge. To the best of our knowledge, no technique has been proposed to learn a sequence of mixed similar and dissimilar tasks that can deal with forgetting and also transfer knowledge forward and backward. This paper proposes such a technique to learn both types of tasks in the same network. For dissimilar tasks, the algorithm focuses on dealing with forgetting, and for similar tasks, the algorithm focuses on selectively transferring the knowledge learned from some similar previous tasks to improve the new task learning. Additionally, the algorithm automatically detects whether a new task is similar to any previous tasks. Empirical evaluation using sequences of mixed tasks demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed model.
Continual Learning with Knowledge Transfer for Sentiment Classification
Creators: name: Ke, Zixuan
name: Liu, Bing
name: Wang, Hao
name: Shu, Lei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper studies continual learning (CL) for sentiment classification (SC). In this setting, the CL system learns a sequence of SC tasks incrementally in a neural network, where each task builds a classifier to classify the sentiment of reviews of a particular product category or domain. Two natural questions are: Can the system transfer the knowledge learned in the past from the previous tasks to the new task to help it learn a better model for the new task? And, can old models for previous tasks be improved in the process as well? This paper proposes a novel technique called KAN to achieve these objectives. KAN can markedly improve the SC accuracy of both the new task and the old tasks via forward and backward knowledge transfer. The effectiveness of KAN is demonstrated through extensive experiments.
L’università attuale e gli insegnamenti pedagogici: problemi di strutture e di didattica
Creators: name: Cambi, Franco
Publisher: name: Studi sulla Formazione
Year: 2009

description: The author gives a deep reflection about University of “3+2” and the rule of Sciences of For-mation Faculty for the building of educative and social jobs. Educative professions need of mental reflection and pedagogy with science of education can help and enrich this process.
description: Studi sulla Formazione, Anno XI, II-2008
Shadow process tomography of quantum channels
Creators: name: Kunjummen, Jonathan
name: Tran, Minh C.
name: Carney, Daniel
name: Taylor, Jacob M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum process tomography is a critical capability for building quantum computers, enabling quantum networks, and understanding quantum sensors. Like quantum state tomography, the process tomography of an arbitrary quantum channel requires a number of measurements that scale exponentially in the number of quantum bits affected. However, the recent field of shadow tomography, applied to quantum states, has demonstrated the ability to extract key information about a state with only polynomially many measurements. In this work, we apply the concepts of shadow state tomography to the challenge of characterizing quantum processes. We make use of the Choi isomorphism to directly apply rigorous bounds from shadow state tomography to shadow process tomography, and we find additional bounds on the number of measurements that are unique to process tomography. Our results, which include algorithms for implementing shadow process tomography enable new techniques including evaluation of channel concatenation and the application of channels to shadows of quantum states. This provides a dramatic improvement for understanding large-scale quantum systems.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures; Added citation to similar work; Errors corrected. Previous statements of main result first missed and then miscalculated an exponential cost in system size; Version accepted for publication
Dirac Spectra and Edge States in Honeycomb Plasmonic Lattices
Creators: name: Han, Dezhuan
name: Lai, Yun
name: Zi, Jian
name: Zhang, Zhao-Qing
name: Chan, C. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study theoretically the dispersion of plasmonic honeycomb lattices and find Dirac spectra for both dipole and quadrupole modes. Zigzag edge states derived from Dirac points are found in ribbons of these honeycomb plasmonic lattices. The zigzag edge states for out-of-plane dipole modes are closely analogous to the electronic ones in graphene nanoribbons. The edge states for in-plane dipole modes and quadrupole modes, however, have rather unique characters due to the vector nature of the plasmonic excitations. The conditions for the existence of plasmonic edge states are derived analytically.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Rushdie's Resilience through Stoicism and Optimism in Knife: Meditations After an Attempted Murder: A Book Review
Creators: name: Tirthankar Laskar
Publisher: name: Maheswari Publishers, Pandian Educational Trust
Year: 2024

description: Salman Rushdie's Knife: Meditations After an Attempted Murder is an enthralling narrative of survival and rehabilitation that is wrapped tight and passionately around a love tale about his wife, Eliza and also about incidents of attack that almost changed his life. A man dressed all in black, including his mask and clothes, charged down the aisle toward Salman Rushdie as he was getting ready to deliver a lecture on the value of protecting writers from harm on the morning of August 12, 2022, at the Chautauqua Institution in upstate New York. The man was armed with a knife and attacked Rushdie. Hence, Rushdie had to undergo physical therapy right after emergency surgery to regain hand use, and one side of his lower lip was left permanently paralyzed due to a damaged nerve in his neck.....
Magnetic pseudodifferential operators with coefficients in C*-algebras
Creators: name: Lein, Max
name: Mantoiu, M.
name: Richard, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 35S05, 47A60, 81Q10

description: In previous articles, a magnetic pseudodifferential calculus and a family of C*-algebras associated with twisted dynamical systems were introduced and the connections between them have been established. We extend this formalism to symbol classes of Hörmander type with an x-behavior modelized by an abelian C*-algebra. Some of these classes generate C*-algebras associated with the twisted dynamical system. We show the relevance of these classes to the spectral analysis of pseudodifferential operators with anisotropic symbols and magnetic fields.
description: 23 pages
Cosmological Constraints on Non-flat Exponential $f(R)$ Gravity
Creators: name: Geng, Chao-Qiang
name: Hsu, Yan-Ting
name: Lu, Jhih-Rong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the viable $f(R)$ gravity models in FLRW backgrounds with a free spatial curvature parameter $Ω_{K}$. In our numerical calculation, we concentrate on the exponential $f(R)$ model of $f(R) = R - λR_{ch}(1-\exp{(-R/R_{ch}}))$, where $R_{ch}$ is the characteristic curvature scale, which is independent of $Ω_K$, and $λ$ corresponds to the model parameter, while $R_{ch}λ=2Λ$ with $Λ$ the cosmological constant. In particular, we study the evolutions of the dark energy density and equation of state for exponential $f(R)$ gravity in open, flat and closed universe, and compare with those for $Λ$CDM. From the current observational data, we find that $λ^{-1}=0.42927^{+0.39921}_{-0.32927}$ at 68$\%$ C.L and $Ω_K=-0.00050^{+0.00420}_{-0.00414}$ at 95$\%$ C.L. in the exponential $f(R)$ model. By using Akaike information criterion (AIC), Bayesian information criterion (BIC) and Deviance Information Criterion (DIC), we conclude that there is no strong preference between the exponential $f(R)$ gravity and $Λ$CDM models in the non-flat universe.
description: 16 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
Focus on what matters: Applying Discourse Coherence Theory to Cross Document Coreference
Creators: name: Held, William
name: Iter, Dan
name: Jurafsky, Dan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Performing event and entity coreference resolution across documents vastly increases the number of candidate mentions, making it intractable to do the full $n^2$ pairwise comparisons. Existing approaches simplify by considering coreference only within document clusters, but this fails to handle inter-cluster coreference, common in many applications. As a result cross-document coreference algorithms are rarely applied to downstream tasks. We draw on an insight from discourse coherence theory: potential coreferences are constrained by the reader's discourse focus. We model the entities/events in a reader's focus as a neighborhood within a learned latent embedding space which minimizes the distance between mentions and the centroids of their gold coreference clusters. We then use these neighborhoods to sample only hard negatives to train a fine-grained classifier on mention pairs and their local discourse features. Our approach achieves state-of-the-art results for both events and entities on the ECB+, Gun Violence, Football Coreference, and Cross-Domain Cross-Document Coreference corpora. Furthermore, training on multiple corpora improves average performance across all datasets by 17.2 F1 points, leading to a robust coreference resolution model for use in downstream tasks where link distribution is unknown.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures, To be published in the 2021 Main Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing
Information and distance measures with application to feature evaluation and to heuristic sequential classification
Creators: name: Vilmansen, Toomas Rein
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Two different aspects of the problem of selecting measurements for statistical pattern recognition are investigated. First, the evaluation of features for multiclass recognition problems by using measures of probabilistic dependence is examined. Secondly, the problem of evaluation and selection of features for a general tree type classifier is investigated. Measures of probabilistic dependence are derived from pairwise distance measures such as Bhattacharyya distance, divergence, Matusita's distance, and discrimination information. The properties for the dependence measures are developed in the context of feature class dependency. Inequalities relating the measures are derived. Also upper and lower bounds on error probability are derived for the different measures. Comparisons of the bounds are made. Feature ordering experiments are performed to compare the measures to error probability and to each other. A fairly general tree type sequential classifier is examined. An algorithm which uses distance measures for clustering probability distributions and which uses dependence and distance measures for ordering features is derived for constructing the decision tree. The concept of confidence in a decision in conjunction with backtracking is introduced in order to make decisions at any node of the tree tentative and reversible. Also, the idea of re-introducing classes at any stage is discussed. Experiments are performed to determine the storage and processing requirements of the classifier, to determine effects of various parameters on performance, and to determine the usefulness of procedures for backtracking and reintroducing of classes.
Interaction of moving discrete breathers with interstitial defects
Creators: name: Cuevas, J.
name: Sanchez-Rey, B.
name: Eilbeck, J. C.
name: Russell, F. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, interstitial migration generated by scattering with a mobile breather is investigated numerically in a Frenkel-Kontorova one-dimensional lattice. Consistent with experimental results it is shown that interstitial diffusion is more likely and faster than vacancy diffusion. Our simulations support the hypothesis that a long-range energy transport mechanism involving moving nonlinear vibrational excitations may significantly enhance the mobility of point defects in a crystal lattice.
description: 11 pages, 10 figures
Teratology research in the shadow of the Dobbs decision
Creators: name: Lyerly, Anne Drapkin
Publisher: name: Wiley
Year: 2023

description:
Following the 2022 US Supreme Court decision in Dobbs vs. Jackson Women's Health Organization, numerous states have passed laws banning or severely restricting abortion. The consequences of the decision stretch beyond abortion contexts, including progress on developing a more robust evidence base for care in pregnancy. In this Robert L. Brent lecture, I explore the impact of the Dobbs decision on teratology research, arguing that it is of importance even and perhaps especially for those concerned about the moral complexities of ending a pregnancy. For as abortion restrictions threaten teratology research, they also threaten its life-affirming aims. First, I show how teratology research and abortion are intertwined, highlighting the stories of Sherri Finkbine and Frances Kelsey, two courageous women whose lives intersected with both. Second, I describe how restrictions on abortion make teratology research more difficult and ethically complex, highlighting additional risks to research participants and staff, as well as new challenges to scientific validity and feasibility. And third, foregrounding yet another story of courage (and heartbreak), I highlight how abortion restrictions make teratology research more important than ever. Honoring Dr. Brent's legacy requires addressing-rather than avoiding-the ethical challenges of pregnancy-related research, especially now in the post-Dobbs era.
A Cross-Platform Benchmark for Interval Computation Libraries
Creators: name: Tang, Xuan
name: Ferguson, Zachary
name: Schneider, Teseo
name: Zorin, Denis
name: Kamil, Shoaib
name: Panozzo, Daniele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Software (cs.MS)
subject: Computational Geometry (cs.CG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Interval computation is widely used to certify computations that use floating point operations to avoid pitfalls related to rounding error introduced by inaccurate operations. Despite its popularity and practical benefits, support for interval arithmetic is not standardized nor available in mainstream programming languages. We propose the first benchmark for interval computations, coupled with reference solutions computed with exact arithmetic, and compare popular C and C++ libraries over different architectures, operating systems, and compilers. The benchmark allows identifying limitations in existing implementations, and provides a reliable guide on which library to use on each system. We believe that our benchmark will be useful for developers of future interval libraries, as a way to test the correctness and performance of their algorithms.
description: 11 pages, 33 figures, 2 tables
Newer is not always better: Rethinking transferability metrics, their peculiarities, stability and performance
Creators: name: Ibrahim, Shibal
name: Ponomareva, Natalia
name: Mazumder, Rahul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Fine-tuning of large pre-trained image and language models on small customized datasets has become increasingly popular for improved prediction and efficient use of limited resources. Fine-tuning requires identification of best models to transfer-learn from and quantifying transferability prevents expensive re-training on all of the candidate models/tasks pairs. In this paper, we show that the statistical problems with covariance estimation drive the poor performance of H-score -- a common baseline for newer metrics -- and propose shrinkage-based estimator. This results in up to 80% absolute gain in H-score correlation performance, making it competitive with the state-of-the-art LogME measure. Our shrinkage-based H-score is $3\times$-10$\times$ faster to compute compared to LogME. Additionally, we look into a less common setting of target (as opposed to source) task selection. We demonstrate previously overlooked problems in such settings with different number of labels, class-imbalance ratios etc. for some recent metrics e.g., NCE, LEEP that resulted in them being misrepresented as leading measures. We propose a correction and recommend measuring correlation performance against relative accuracy in such settings. We support our findings with ~164,000 (fine-tuning trials) experiments on both vision models and graph neural networks.
description: Accepted in ECMLPKDD 2022
Possible hadronic molecule structure of the Y(3940) and Y(4140)
Creators: name: Branz, Tanja
name: Gutsche, Thomas
name: Lyubovitskij, Valery E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the present article we report on evidence for hadronic molecule structures in the charmonium sector. In particular we discuss the Y(3940) and the recently observed Y(4140) as heavy hadron molecule states with quantum numbers $J^{PC} = 0^{++}$ or $2^{++}$. The Y(3940) state is considered to be a superposition of $D^{\ast +}D^{\ast -}$ and $D^{\ast 0} \overline{D^{\ast 0}}$, while the Y(4140) is a bound state of $D_s^{\ast +}$ and $D_s^{\ast -}$ mesons. We give predictions for both the strong Y(3940) to J/psi omega, Y(4140) to J/psi phi and radiative Y(3940)/Y(4140) to gamma gamma decay widths in a phenomenological Lagrangian approach. The results for the strong hidden charm decay modes clearly support the molecular interpretation of the Y(3940) and Y(4140), while our estimates for the radiative decays provide a sensitive test for the underlying meson structure of the two Y mesons discussed here. The alternative assignment of $J^{PC} = 2^{++}$ is also tested, giving similar results for the strong decay widths.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures. To appear in the Proceedings of XIII International Conference on Hadron Spectroscopy, November 29 - December 4, 2009, Florida State University
Hamiltonian analysis of ModMax nonlinear electrodynamics in the first order formalism
Creators: name: Escobar, C. A.
name: Linares, Román
name: Tlatelpa-Mascote, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we study the so-called ModMax nonlinear electrodynamics, which is a novel model designed to preserve duality rotations and conformal transformations, such as the Maxwell's equations do. This model allows to study diverse gravitational phenomena when is coupled to General Relativity, in particular charged black holes and gravitational waves. In the present work we focus in the dynamics and Hamiltonian analysis of the model. Specifically, we analyze the propagation of the discontinuities of the field and obtain the corresponding dispersion relations. To perform the Hamiltonian analysis we adopt the first order formalism develop by Plebański and follow the Dirac method for theories with constraints. We derive the effective Hamiltonian, classify all the constraints and identify the degrees of freedom. We prove that the effective Hamiltonian is strictly bounded from below and investigate the existence of non trivial minima.
description: 10 Pages, No Figures, Accepted to publication in IJMP A
On the existence of graphs which can colour every regular graph
Creators: name: Mazzuoccolo, Giuseppe
name: Tabarelli, Gloria
name: Zerafa, Jean Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C15, 05C70

description: Let $H$ and $G$ be graphs. An $H$-colouring of $G$ is a proper edge-colouring $f:E(G)\rightarrow E(H)$ such that for any vertex $u\in V(G)$ there exists a vertex $v\in V(H)$ with $f\left (\partial_Gu\right )=\partial_Hv$, where $\partial_Gu$ and $\partial_Hv$ respectively denote the sets of edges in $G$ and $H$ incident to the vertices $u$ and $v$. If $G$ admits an $H$-colouring we say that $H$ colours $G$. The question whether there exists a graph $H$ that colours every bridgeless cubic graph is addressed directly by the Petersen Colouring Conjecture, which states that the Petersen graph colours every bridgeless cubic graph. In 2012, Mkrtchyan showed that if this conjecture is true, the Petersen graph is the unique connected bridgeless cubic graph $H$ which can colour all bridgeless cubic graphs. In this paper we extend this and show that if we were to remove all degree conditions on $H$, every bridgeless cubic graph $G$ can be coloured substantially only by a unique other graph: the subcubic multigraph $S_{4}$ on four vertices. A few similar results are provided also under weaker assumptions on the graph $G$. In the second part of the paper, we also consider $H$-colourings of regular graphs having degree strictly greater than $3$ and show that: (i) for any $r>3$, there does not exist a connected graph $H$ (possibly containing parallel edges) that colours every $r$-regular multigraph, and (ii) for every $r>1$, there does not exist a connected graph $H$ (possibly containing parallel edges) that colours every $2r$-regular simple graph.
description: 17 pages
Music of a Lost Kingdom: W.B. Yeats and the Japanese Nō Drama
Creators: name: Jochum, Klaus Peter
Publisher: name: Biblioteca di Studi di Filologia Moderna: Series, Journals and Workshop
Year: 2013

description: In this article I approach some of Yeats’s later dance plays, written under the influence of the Japanese Nō drama, by asking and answering the following questions: What did Yeats think he was doing when in February 1916 he began drafting At the Hawk’s Well, the first play written after he had been introduced to the Nō and the first of his Four Plays for Dancers (1921)? How and what did Yeats learn about the Nō? How did he explain the attraction that the Nō had for him and how does this explanation relate to his earlier writings on drama and theatre? How can the plays he wrote before Four Plays for Dancers be seen as preparations for his encounter with the Nō? Apart from At the Hawk’s Well (1917), I consider The Dreaming of the Bones (1919) and The Death of Cuchulain (1939); I also pay attention to the role played by Ezra Pound in shaping Yeats’s plays and his ideas about the Nō.
description: Studi irlandesi. A Journal of Irish Studies, No 2 (2012)
On the structure of the affine asymptotic Hecke algebras
Creators: name: Bezrukavnikov, Roman
name: Dawydiak, Stefan
name: Dobrovolska, Galyna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20C08 (Primary)

description: According to a conjecture of Lusztig, the asymptotic affine Hecke algebra should admit a description in terms of the Grothedieck group of sheaves on the square of a finite set equivariant under the action of the centralizer of a nilpotent element in the reductive group. A weaker form of this statement, allowing for possible central extensions of stabilizers of that action, has been proved by the first named author with Ostrik. In the present paper we describe an example showing that nontrivial central extensions do arise, thus the above weaker statement is optimal. We also show that Lusztig's homomorphism from the affine Hecke algebra to the asymptotic affine Hecke algebra induces an isomorphism on cocenters and discuss the relation of the above central extensions to the structure of the cocenter.
description: 15 pages, 1 figure, 1 table. With an appendix by Roman Bezrukavnikov, Alexander Braverman, and David Kazhdan. To appear in Transform. Groups. In v6, added clarifying sentence to proof of Proposition 3, and added Remark 6. Results are unchanged
Interchanging Interactive 3-d Graphics for Astronomy
Creators: name: Fluke, C. J.
name: Barnes, D. G.
name: Jones, N. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We demonstrate how interactive, three-dimensional (3-d) scientific visualizations can be efficiently interchanged between a variety of mediums. Through the use of an appropriate interchange format, and a unified interaction interface, we minimize the effort to produce visualizations appropriate for undertaking knowledge discovery at the astronomer's desktop, as part of conference presentations, in digital publications or as Web content. We use examples from cosmological visualization to address some of the issues of interchange, and to describe our approach to adapting S2PLOT desktop visualizations to the Web. Supporting demonstrations are available at http://astronomy.swin.edu.au/s2plot/interchange/
description: 10 pages, 7 figures, submitted to Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia. v2. Revised title, revised figure 1, fixed typos, minor additions to future work section
Ein Autopilot für Online-Marketing
Creators: name: Schmeiss, Jessica
name: Friederici, Nicolas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: ki startups
online marketing

description: Online-Marketing ist für viele Unternehmen ein wichtiger Vertriebskanal. Um jedoch Kampagnen effizient zu gestalten, müssen oft große Datenmengen analysiert werden. KI-basierte Lösungen wie die Software Adspert der Bidmanagement GmbH in Berlin nutzen seit vielen Jahren statistische Modelle, um diese Aufgabe zu lösen und bieten damit „AI as a Service“-Lösungen für bestehende Unternehmen an, um deren Marketingprozesse nachhaltig zu transformieren. Jessica Schmeiss und Nicolas Friederici zeigen in dieser Fallstudie von Adspert, wie genau KI-Technologien hier zum Einsatz kommen und wie daraus ein erfolgreiches Geschäftsmodell entsteht. Der Beitrag ist Teil der „Demystifying AI in entrepreneurship“ Studie, die 2019 am HIIG veröffentlicht wird.
Redycler: Daily Outfit Texture Fabrication Appliance Using Re-Programmable Dyes
Creators: name: Batra, Ritik
name: Lee, Kaitlyn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present a speculative design for a novel appliance for future fabrication in the home to revitalize textiles using re-programmable multi-color textures. Utilizing colored photochromic dyes activated by ultraviolet (UV) light, we can selectively deactivate hues using complementary colors in visible light to result in the final desired dye pattern. Our proposed appliance would automate this process within a box placed in the bedroom. We envision a future where people are able to transform old apparel into unique and fashionable pieces of clothing. We discuss how the user would interact with the appliance and how this device elongates the life-cycle of clothing through modification. We also outline the central issues to integrate such a concept into the home. Finally, we analyze how this device fits into personal modification trends in HCI to show how this device could change existing conceptions around sustainable fashion and personal style.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, TEI '22: Sixteenth International Conference on Tangible, Embedded, and Embodied Interaction
People's Preferences for Inequality Respond Instantly to Changes in Status: A Simulated Society Experiment of Conflict Between the Rich and the Poor
Creators: name: Payne, B. Keith
name: Gray, Kurt
name: Vuletich, Heidi A.
Publisher: name: Wiley
Year: 2023

description:
Most people in the United States agree they want some income inequality but debate exactly how much is fair. High-status people generally prefer more inequality than low-status individuals. Here we examine how much preferences for inequality are (or are not) driven by self-interest. Past work has generally investigated this idea in two ways: The first is by stratifying preferences by income, and the second is by randomly assigning financial status within lab-constructed scenarios. In this paper, we develop a method that combines both experimental control and the social experience of inequality-a simulated society experiment. Across two experiments (N = 138, observations = 690), participants voted on the distribution of rewards-first behind a veil of ignorance, and then when they were randomly assigned a status within a game of chance. Status varied repeatedly across five rounds, allowing us to measure dynamic preferences. Under the veil of ignorance, people preferred inequality favoring the top status. When the veil of ignorance disappeared, self-interest immediately influenced inequality preferences. Those who randomly landed in top positions were satisfied with the status quo established under the veil of ignorance, whereas those who randomly landed in bottom positions wanted more equality. Yet these preferences were not stable; decisions about the optimal level of inequality changed according to changes in social status. Our results also showed that, when inequality grows in a society, preferences regarding inequality become polarized by social status. Individuals in low-status positions, particularly, tend to demand more equality.
Miti e leggende sulla riforma degli ordinamenti universitari: il caso dell’offerta formativa in Italia
Creators: name: Bagnoli, Franco
name: Boffo, Vanna
name: Causarano, Pietro
name: Visintin, Filippo
Publisher: name: Studi sulla Formazione
Year: 2010

description: This research work  started in a small university group that  it  is  part of a bigger organisation named Coordinamento Ricercatori Università di Firenze.  In Italy, the Universty System is changing after  new laws from July 2008 and Januray 2009.  As researchers and assistant professors, the authors try reflecting about the sweeping changing of the Italian University Sistem from a scientific and methodological point of view.
description: Studi sulla Formazione, Anno XII, I/II-2009
Introduction: The Politics of Abortion 50 Years after Roe
Creators: name: Kreitzer, Rebecca
name: Kimport, Katrina
Publisher: name: Duke University Press
Year: 2023

description:
Abortion is central to the American political landscape and a common pregnancy outcome, yet research on abortion has been siloed and marginalized in the social sciences. In an empirical analysis, the authors found only 22 articles published in this century in the top economics, political science, and sociology journals. This special issue aims to bring abortion research into a more generalist space, challenging what the authors term "the abortion research paradox," wherein abortion research is largely absent from prominent disciplinary social science journals but flourishes in interdisciplinary and specialized journals. After discussing the misconceptions that likely contribute to abortion research siloization and the implications of this siloization for abortion research as well as social science knowledge more generally, the authors introduce the articles in this special issue. Then, in a call for continued and expanded research on abortion, the introduction to this special issue closes by offering three guiding practices for abortion scholars-both those new to the topic and those deeply familiar with it-in the hopes of building an ever-richer body of literature on abortion politics, policy, and law. The need for such a robust literature is especially acute following the US Supreme Court's June 2022 overturning of the constitutional right to abortion.