cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Solving the Cahn-Hilliard variational inequality with a semi-smooth Newton method
Creators: name: Blank, Luise
name: Butz, Martin
name: Garcke, Harald
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cahn-Hilliard equation; active-set methods; semi-smooth Newton methods; gradient flows; PDE-constraint optimization; saddle point structure
subject: 510 Mathematik

description: The Cahn-Hilliard variational inequality is a non-standard parabolic variational inequality of fourth order for which straightforward numerical approaches cannot be applied. We propose a primal-dual active set method which can be interpreted as a semi-smooth Newton method as solution technique for the discretized Cahn-Hilliard variational inequality. A (semi-)implicit Euler discretization is used in time and a piecewise linear finite element discretization of splitting type is used in space leading to a discrete variational inequality of saddle point type in each time step. In each iteration of the primal-dual active set method a linearized system resulting from the discretization of two coupled elliptic equations which are defined on different sets has to be solved. We show local convergence of the primal-dual active set method and demonstrate its efficiency with several numerical simulations.
Flux ratios of primary elements measured by CALET on the International Space Station
Creators: name: Adriani, Oscar
name: Akaike, Yosui
name: Asano, Katsuaki
name: Aaoka, Yoichi
name: Berti, Eugenio
name: Bigongiari, Gabriele
name: Binns, Walter Robert
name: Bongi, Massimo
name: Brogi, Paolo
name: Bruno, Alessandro
name: Cannady, Nicholas
name: Castellini, Guide
name: Checchia, Caterina
name: Cherry, Walter Robert
name: Collazuol, Gianmaria
name: De Nolfo, Georgia A.
name: Ebisawa, Ken
name: Ficklin, Anthony W.
name: Fuke, Hideyuki
name: Gonzi, Sandro
name: Guzik, T. Gregory
name: Hams, Thomas
name: Hibino, Kinya
name: Ichimura, Masakatsu
name: Ioka, Kunihito
name: Ishizaki, Wataru
name: Israel, Martin H.
name: Kasahara, Katsumasa
name: Kataoka, Jun
name: Kataoka, Ryuho
name: Katayose, Yusaku
name: Kato, Chihiro
name: Kawanaka, Norita
name: Kawakubo, Yuta
name: Kobayashi, Kenko
name: Kohri, Kazunori
name: Krawczynski, Henric S.
name: Krizmanic, John F.
name: Maestro, Paolo
name: Marrocchesi, Pier Simone
name: Messineo, Alberto Maria
name: Mitchell, Jason W.
name: Miyake, Shoko
name: Moiseev, Alexander
name: Mori, Masaki
name: Mori, Nicola
name: Motz, Holger Martin
name: Munakata, Kazuoki
name: Nakahira, Satoshi
name: Nishimura, Jun
name: Okuno, Shoji
name: Ormes, Jonathan
name: Ozawa, Shunsuke
name: Pacini, Lorenzo
name: Pacini, Paolo
name: Rauch, Brian Flint
name: Ricciarini, Ricciarini
name: Sakai, Kazuhiro
name: Sakamoto, Takanori
name: Sasaki, Makoto
name: Shimizu, Yuki
name: Shiomi, Atsushi
name: Spillantini, Piero
name: Stolzi, Francesco
name: Sugita, Satoshi
name: Sulaj, Arta
name: Takita, Masato
name: Tamura, Tadahisa
name: Terasawa, Toshio
name: Torii, Shoji
name: Tsunesada, Yoshiki
name: Uchihori, Yukio
name: Vannuccini, Elena
name: Wefel, John P.
name: Yamaoka, Kazutaka
name: Yanagita, Shohei
name: Yoshida, Atsumasa
name: Yoshida, Kenji
name: Zober, Wolfgang V.
Publisher: name: Proceedings of Science
Year: 2023

description: 38th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2023), 26 July - 3 August, 2023, Nagoya, Japan
description: The study of flux ratios of cosmic-ray primary elements is of particular interest not only to assess the relative abundance of each element, but also to gain a deeper understanding of their propagation in the galaxy. High energy cosmic ray data are the best candidate for this purpose as convection, nuclear decay, and energy degradation can be neglected during their propagation. CALET on the International Space Station has been measuring the flux of several primary elements from proton to nickel for 7 years to date. In this contribution, the flux ratios of heavy primary elements to lighter primaries will be shown, extending the energy range already investigated by previous measurements.
The targum (1879:Nov.)
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: Targum Association
Year: 1879

description: Some University historians indicate that the Targum was first published as an annual in 1867, but of this we have no extant evidence. In January 1869, the Targum as we now know it, made its appearance as a monthly paper that concerned itself with student “literary contributions” and college news as well as serving as a vehicle for bringing news to alumni and the general public. The newspaper, which originally was for sale, varied in frequency over the years as did its title (The Targum, Rutgers Targum, Rutgers Daily Targum, and Daily Targum). The newspaper has continuously been published since 1869 with the exception of 19 months during the second world war, between February 1944 and October 1945. The Targum was published by the students of Rutgers College, and later Rutgers University—New Brunswick represented through the years as the Targum Association, Rutgers Targum Association, and Rutgers College Targum. As a student organization, the Targum operated under the oversight of the dean of students and student government but in October 1980, the Targum became an independent college paper.
Using Giovanni in Investigating the Links between Environmental Processes and Drought in Northern sub-Saharan Africa
Creators: name: Ichoku, Charles
name: Gatebe, Charles
name: Lee, Jejung
name: Wang, Jun
name: Bolten, John
name: Policelli, Fritz
name: Wilcox, Eric
name: Adegoke, Jimmy
name: Habib, Shahid
name: Babamaaji, Rakiya
name: Okonkwo, Churchill
name: Ellison, Luke
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2013
Subjects: Earth Resources And Remote Sensing
Meteorology And Climatology
Geosciences (General)

description: Online Giovanni Workshop, Greenbelt, MD, United States, September 25-27, 2012
description: The northern sub-Saharan African (NSSA) region, bounded on the north and south by the Sahara and the Equator, respectively, and stretching East-West across Africa, is very vulnerable because of the highly active environmental and meteorological processes associated with its unique location and human activities that adversely impact the regional water cycle. Over the years, this region has suffered frequent severe droughts that have caused tremendous hardship and loss of life to millions of its inhabitants due to the rapid depletion of the regional water resources, as exemplified by the dramatic drying of Lake Chad. On the other hand, the NSSA region shows one of the highest biomass-burning rates per unit land area among all regions of the world. Because of the high concentration and frequency of fires in this region, with the associated abundance of heat release and gaseous and particulate smoke emissions, biomass-burning activity is believed to be one of the drivers of the regional carbon and energy cycles, with serious implications for the water cycle. An interdisciplinary research effort funded by NASA is presently being focused on the NSSA region, to better understand possible connections between the intense biomass burning observed from satellite year after year across the region and the water cycle, through associated changes in land-cover, surface albedo, emissions, atmospheric processes, precipitation, soil moisture, surface evaporation and runoff, and groundwater recharge. A combination of remote sensing and modeling approaches is being utilized to investigate these multiple processes to clarify possible links between them. However, by using Giovanni, we are able to extract and jointly analyze some of the important relevant parameters to obtain a first insight into their relationships. In this presentation, we will discuss these preliminary results as well as the path toward improved understanding of the interrelationships and feedbacks between the water cycle components and the environmental change dynamics due to biomass burning and related processes in the NSSA region.
Calibration of resistance thermometers : Guideline DKD-R 5-1
Creators: name: Augustin, Silke
name: Bünger, Lars
name: Friederici, Sven
name: Hager, Helmut
name: Mammen, Helge
name: Reinshaus, Peter
name: Rudtsch, Steffen
name: Tegeler, Erich
name: Trageser, Peter
Publisher: name: Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB)
Year: 2023
Subjects: DKD guideline
resistance thermometer
calibration
SPRT
IPRT
NTC
PTC
ITS-90

description: This guideline has been prepared to define the technical requirements necessary for the calibration of resistance thermometers in accredited calibration laboratories. In many cases, the hysteresis effect has turned out to be the largest contribution to the measurement uncertainty, so it will be discussed in more detail. There are also references to further literature and documents of a higher level.

This guideline specifically covers the calibration of
· standard platinum resistance thermometers (SPRT); temperature range: -189.3442 °C to 961.78 °C)
· industrial platinum resistance thermometers according to DIN EN 60751 in the temperature range from -200 °C to 850 °C
· resistance thermometers made of other metallic conductors (e.g., Cu, Ni)
· semiconductor resistance thermometers (thermistors: NTC, PTC)

Furthermore, the guideline analogously applies to:
· direct-reading electronic thermometers with resistance sensor,
· electronic thermometers with resistance sensor and digital interface,
· data loggers with a resistance sensor,
· resistance thermometers with a transmitter and an analogue output signal

For fixed-point calibrations of standard platinum resistance thermometers (SPRT) which meet the requirements for interpolation instruments of the International Temperature Scale of 1990 (ITS-90), higher-level guidelines apply]. These are developed and updated by the Consultative Committee for Thermometry (CCT). It is also possible to calibrate standard platinum resistance thermometers using the comparison method described here. However, the user should bear in mind that calibration at the defining fixed points of the ITS-90 means that only significantly lower measurement uncertainties can be achieved.

The results of a calibration are only valid within the calibration range between the maximum and minimum calibration temperature. The only permissible exception is within the temperature range of approximately 77.3 K to 83.8058 K. If an ITS-90-compliant standard thermometer has been calibrated in the range between the water triple point (273.16 K) and the argon triple point (83.8058 K), the calibration function may be extrapolated to approx. 77.3 K (boiling point of nitrogen). The measurement uncertainty for the extrapolated range must be increased accordingly.
Results from CALorimetric Electron Telescope (CALET) Observations of Gamma-rays on the International Space Station
Creators: name: Adriani, Oscar
name: Akaike, Yosui
name: Asano, Katsuaki
name: Aaoka, Yoichi
name: Berti, Eugenio
name: Bigongiari, Gabriele
name: Binns, Walter Robert
name: Bongi, Massimo
name: Brogi, Paolo
name: Bruno, Alessandro
name: Cannady, Nicholas
name: Castellini, Guide
name: Checchia, Caterina
name: Cherry, Walter Robert
name: Collazuol, Gianmaria
name: De Nolfo, Georgia A.
name: Ebisawa, Ken
name: Ficklin, Anthony W.
name: Fuke, Hideyuki
name: Gonzi, Sandro
name: Guzik, T. Gregory
name: Hams, Thomas
name: Hibino, Kinya
name: Ichimura, Masakatsu
name: Ioka, Kunihito
name: Ishizaki, Wataru
name: Israel, Martin H.
name: Kasahara, Katsumasa
name: Kataoka, Jun
name: Kataoka, Ryuho
name: Katayose, Yusaku
name: Kato, Chihiro
name: Kawanaka, Norita
name: Kawakubo, Yuta
name: Kobayashi, Kenko
name: Kohri, Kazunori
name: Krawczynski, Henric S.
name: Krizmanic, John F.
name: Maestro, Paolo
name: Marrocchesi, Pier Simone
name: Messineo, Alberto Maria
name: Mitchell, Jason W.
name: Miyake, Shoko
name: Moiseev, Alexander
name: Mori, Masaki
name: Mori, Nicola
name: Motz, Holger Martin
name: Munakata, Kazuoki
name: Nakahira, Satoshi
name: Nishimura, Jun
name: Okuno, Shoji
name: Ormes, Jonathan
name: Ozawa, Shunsuke
name: Pacini, Lorenzo
name: Pacini, Paolo
name: Rauch, Brian Flint
name: Ricciarini, Ricciarini
name: Sakai, Kazuhiro
name: Sakamoto, Takanori
name: Sasaki, Makoto
name: Shimizu, Yuki
name: Shiomi, Atsushi
name: Spillantini, Piero
name: Stolzi, Francesco
name: Sugita, Satoshi
name: Sulaj, Arta
name: Takita, Masato
name: Tamura, Tadahisa
name: Terasawa, Toshio
name: Torii, Shoji
name: Tsunesada, Yoshiki
name: Uchihori, Yukio
name: Vannuccini, Elena
name: Wefel, John P.
name: Yamaoka, Kazutaka
name: Yanagita, Shohei
name: Yoshida, Atsumasa
name: Yoshida, Kenji
name: Zober, Wolfgang V.
Publisher: name: Proceedings of Science
Year: 2023

description: 38th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC2023), 26 July - 3 August, 2023, Nagoya, Japan
description: The CALorimetric Electron Telescope (CALET) cosmic ray detector on the International Space Station (ISS) has been in operation since its launch in 2015. The main instrument, the CALorimeter (CAL), is optimized to observe high-energy electrons up to TeV energies, but its three-storied, composite and thick detector enable us to discriminate gamma rays from overwhelming background of charged cosmic rays. Thus, it is monitoring the gamma ray sky from 1 GeV up to 10 TeV with a field of view of about 2 sr, but the exposure is somewhat non-uniform because of the limitation imposed by the inclination angle (51.6 degree) of the ISS orbit. In this paper we report results from gamma ray observations obtained during its mission for more than seven years with increased statistics compared with previous reports. They include properties of the Galactic diffuse gamma rays, spectra of bright Galactic point sources, and light curves of extragalactic active galactic nuclei, which show good consistencies with Fermi-LAT observations of which energy range overlaps with CALET.
Optimization of the detection of circulating DNA in pediatric solid tumor patients treated with granulocyte colony stimulating factor
Creators: name: Toledo, Thyrza May
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2018

description: Solid tumor patients are often administered with a drug called Granulocyte-Colony Stimulating Factor (G-CSF). This drug is used to treat chemotherapy-induced neutropenia and/or to mobilize hematopoietic stem cells from the bone marrow into the blood for ease of collection. Previous in vivo studies in mice showed, that G-CSF can increase tumor growth and promote metastasis. As such, this study investigated whether G-CSF can promote tumor growth in children with solid tumors by non-invasively quantifying tumor-derived circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) in the plasma. I also investigated whether tumor-derived cfDNA levels in the plasma correlate with tumor-derived genomic DNA (gDNA) levels in the stem cell product, on the day of stem cell collection procedure. Tumor cfDNA was measured in the plasma of fourteen children with solid tumors, before and after G-CSF treatment, using methylation specific qPCR against the promoter region of the RASSF1a gene. Nine children [three rhabdomyosarcoma, five neuroblastoma and one rhabdoid tumor] had detectable tumor cfDNA in their plasma, which was suggestive of poor clinical outcome. In addition, paired plasma and stem cell products from the day of stem cell harvest were collected from nine children (four neuroblastoma, one glioblastoma, one rhabdoid tumor, two Hodgkin lymphoma and one choroid plexus carcinoma). At the time of stem cell harvest (post G-CSF administration), I found no evidence of tumor gDNA contamination in the stem cell product from all nine children. However, there was evidence of tumor cfDNA in the plasma product from six children, four of whom had known bone marrow involvement. Overall, four of the seven children with no detectable tumor cfDNA in the plasma had a diagnosis of brain cancer. Altogether, tumor cfDNA levels in children with solid tumors can be detected but the current study did not show that levels increased upon G-CSF administration. The presence of tumor cfDNA in the plasma of children with pediatric cancer at the time of stem cell harvest was not consistent with tumor contamination of the stem cell product.
Numerical approximation of gradient flows for closed curves in Rd
Creators: name: Barrett, John W.
name: Garcke, Harald
name: Nürnberg, Robert
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: 510 Mathematik

description: We present parametric finite element approximations of curvature flows for curves in Rd, d ≥ 2, as well as for curves on two-dimensional manifolds in R3. Here we consider the curve shortening flow, curve diffusion and the elastic flow. It is demonstrated that the curve shortening and the elastic flows on manifolds can be used to compute nontrivial geodesics, and that the corresponding geodesic curve diffusion flow leads to solutions of partitioning problems on two-dimensional manifolds in R3. In addition, we extend these schemes to anisotropic surface energy densities. The presented schemes have very good properties with respect to stability and the distribution of mesh points, and hence no remeshing is needed in practice.
A translucent interstellar cloud at z=2.69: CO, H2 and HD in the line-of-sight to SDSS J123714.60+064759.5
Creators: name: Noterdaeme, P.
name: Petitjean, P.
name: Ledoux, C.
name: Lopez, S.
name: Srianand, R.
name: Vergani, S. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the analysis of a sub-DLA system (log N(H^0)=20.0+/-0.15, z_abs=2.69) toward SDSS J123714+064759 (z_em=2.78). Using the VLT/UVES and X-shooter spectrographs, we detect H2, HD and CO molecules in absorption with log N(H2,HD,CO)=(19.21,14.48,14.17). The overall metallicity of the system is super-solar ([Zn/H]=+0.34) and iron is highly depleted ([Fe/Zn]=-1.39), revealing metal-rich and dusty gas. The strongest H2 component does not coincide with the centre of the HI absorption. This implies that the molecular fraction in this component, f=2N(H2)/(2N(H2)+N(H^0)), is larger than the mean molecular fraction =1/4 in the system. This is supported by the detection of Cl^0 associated with this H2-component having N(Cl^0)/N(Cl^+)>0.4. Since Cl^0 is tied up to H2 by charge exchange reactions, this means that the molecular fraction in this component is not far from unity. The size of the molecular cloud is probably smaller than 1pc. Both the CO/H2=10^-5 and CO/C^0~1 ratios for f>0.24 indicate that the cloud classifies as translucent, i.e., a regime where carbon is found both in atomic and molecular form. The corresponding extinction, Av=0.14, albeit lower than the definition of a translucent sightline (based on extinction properties), is high for the observed H^0 column density. This means that intervening clouds with similar local properties but with larger column densities could be missed by current magnitude-limited QSO surveys. The excitation of CO is dominated by radiative interaction with the Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation (CMBR) and we derive Tex(CO)=10.5+0.8-0.6 K when TCMBR(z=2.69)=10.05 K is expected. The astration factor of deuterium -with respect to the primordial D/H ratio- is only about 3. This can be the consequence of accretion of unprocessed gas from the intergalactic medium onto the associated galaxy. [abridged]
description: 17 pages, 21 figures, 8 tables, accepted for publication in A&A
Decay constants of charm and beauty pseudoscalar heavy–light mesons on fine lattices
Creators: name: Ali Khan, A.
name: Braun, Vladimir M.
name: Burch, Tommy
name: Göckeler, Meinulf
name: Lacagnina, G. N.
name: Schäfer, Andreas
name: Schierholz, Gerrit
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik
subject: 12.38.Gc; 13.20.Fc; 13.20.He

description: We compute decay constants of heavy–light mesons in quenched lattice QCD with a lattice spacing of asimilar, equals0.04 fm using non-perturbatively O(a) improved Wilson fermions and O(a) improved currents. We obtain fDs=220(6)(5)(11) MeV, fD=206(6)(3)(22) MeV, fBs=205(7)(26)(17) MeV and fB=190(8)(23)(25) MeV, using the Sommer parameter r0=0.5 fm to set the scale. The first error is statistical, the second systematic and the third from assuming a ±10% uncertainty in the experimental value of r0. A detailed discussion is given in the text. We also present results for the meson decay constants fK and fπ and the ρ meson mass.
Issue Brief 3: Deceptive Publishing
Creators: name: Anderson, Rick
Publisher: name: Open Scholarship Initiative Proceedings
Year: 2019

description: Deceptive publishing (more commonly known as “predatory publishing”) is an important and troubling issue in scholarly communication. However, its parameters and seriousness are a matter of controversy, and there is not yet any consensus as to how big an issue it is, how fast it is growing, the variety of its manifestations, and what (if anything) can be done to combat it. The broad outlines of deceptive publishing, as described in this brief, are clearer than its exact details.
description: Open Scholarship Initiative Proceedings, 2019
Investigation of structural and optoelectronic properties of BaThO3
Creators: name: Murtaza, G.
name: Ahmad, Iftikhar
name: Amin, B.
name: Maqssod, J.
name: Afaq, A.
name: Maqbool, M.
name: Khan, I.
name: Zahid, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Structural and optoelectronic properties of BaThO3 cubic perovskite are calculated using all electrons full potential linearized augmented plane wave (FP-LAPW) method. Wide and direct band gap, 5.7 eV, of the compound predicts that it can be effectively used in UV based optoelectronic devices. Different characteristic peaks in the wide UV range emerges mainly due to the transition of electrons between valance band state O-p and conduction band states Ba-d, Ba-f, Th-f and Th-d.
description: 20 pages and 7 figures
Naive nonabelianization and resummation of fermion bubble chains
Creators: name: Beneke, M.
name: Braun, Vladimir M.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: We propose to extent the Brodsky-Lepage-Mackenzie scale-fixing prescription by resuming exactly any number of one-loop vacuum polarization insertions into one-loop diagram. In this way, one makes maximal use of the information contained in one-loop perturbative corrections combined with the one-loop running of the effective coupling. The scale ambiguity at leading order is converted into an intrinsic uncertainty of perturbative approximations induced by IR renormalons. Practical implementation of this resummation requires only knowledge of one-loop radiative corrections with non-vanishing gluon mass. We find that higher order corrections to the pole mass and the top quark decay width are dominated by renormalons already in low orders and demonstrate the impact of eliminating the pole mass on the convergence of the perturbative series.
Emergent Universe from Scale Invariant Two Measures Theory
Creators: name: del Campo, Sergio
name: Guendelman, Eduardo I.
name: Kaganovich, Alexander B.
name: Herrera, Ramon
name: Labrana, Pedro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dilaton-gravity sector of a linear in the scalar curvature, scale invariant Two Measures Field Theory (TMT), is explored in detail in the context of closed FRW cosmology and shown to allow stable emerging universe solutions. The model possesses scale invariance which is spontaneously broken due to the intrinsic features of the TMT dynamics. We study the transition from the emerging phase to inflation, and then to a zero cosmological constant phase. We also study the spectrum of density perturbations and the constraints that impose on the parameters of the theory.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures. Accepted for publication in Phys. Lett. B
Diffractive jets production in pp-collisions
Creators: name: Ivanov, Dmitri Yu.
name: Braun, Vladimir M.
name: Schäfer, Andreas
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: quantum chromodynamics, jets, Compton effect
subject: 530 Physik
subject: 12.38.-t; 13.87.-a

description: We consider the exclusive diffractive dissociation of a proton into three jets with large transverse momenta in the double-logarithmic approximation of perturbative QCD. This process is sensitive to the proton unintegrated gluon distribution at small x and to the proton light-cone distribution amplitudes. According to our estimates, an observation of such processes in the early runs at LHC is feasible for jet transverse momenta of the order of 5 GeV.
description: Presented at Diffraction 2008: International Workshop on Diffraction in High Energy Physics, La Londe-les-Maures, France, 9-14 Sep 2008
Ioffe-time distributions instead of parton momentum distributions in the description of deep inelastic scattering
Creators: name: Braun, Vladimir M.
name: Górnicki, P.
name: Mankiewicz, L.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik
subject: 13.60.Hb, 11.55.Hx, 12.38.Lg, 14.20.Dh

description: We argue that parton distributions in coordinate space provide a more natural object for nonperturbative methods compared to the usual momentum distributions in which the physics of different longitudinal distances is being mixed. To illustrate the advantages of the coordinate space formulation, we calculate the coordinate space distributions for valence quarks in the proton using the QCD sum rule approach. A remarkable agreement is found between the calculated and the experimentally measured u-quark distribution up to light-cone distances Δ-=Δ0-Δ3 of order ∼1 fm in the proton rest frame. The calculation for valence d quarks gives much worse results; the reasons for this discrepancy are discussed.
Impact of interior living walls on indoor air quality : study in a dynamic environment
Creators: name: Cheung, Ivan
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2018

description: Interior living walls are promoted partly due to their ability to improve indoor air quality, and possibly reduce energy consumption related to ventilation. However, the studies done to demonstrate this ability are largely conducted in conditions that differs from those of building environments, and they have only focused on a single factor that impacts indoor air quality. This study examined several factors that living walls can affect indoor air quality (volatile organic compounds, carbon dioxide, relative humidity, and bioaerosols) and evaluated how each of these may improve or reduce indoor air quality. A test chamber was designed to simulate building environment conditions, including temperature, lighting, and ventilation. Three volatile organic compounds and CO₂ were added into the test chamber to simulate occupancy. Samples were taken in the test chamber with and without a living wall to determine differences due to the presence of a living wall. The interior living wall removed CO₂ and one of the three volatile organic compounds in the test chamber, increased relative humidity, and promoted the increased presence of bioaerosols. While living walls may improve some aspect of indoor air quality, considerations must be taken to mitigate the other impacts on indoor air quality.
Round-Trip Voronoi Diagrams and Doubling Density in Geographic Networks
Creators: name: Dickerson, Matthew T.
name: Goodrich, Michael T.
name: Dickerson, Thomas D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The round-trip distance function on a geographic network (such as a road network, flight network, or utility distribution grid) defines the "distance" from a single vertex to a pair of vertices as the minimum length tour visiting all three vertices and ending at the starting vertex. Given a geographic network and a subset of its vertices called "sites" (for example a road network with a list of grocery stores), a two-site round-trip Voronoi diagram labels each vertex in the network with the pair of sites that minimizes the round-trip distance from that vertex. Alternatively, given a geographic network and two sets of sites of different types (for example grocery stores and coffee shops), a two-color round-trip Voronoi diagram labels each vertex with the pair of sites of different types minimizing the round-trip distance. In this paper, we prove several new properties of two-site and two-color round-trip Voronoi diagrams in a geographic network, including a relationship between the "doubling density" of sites and an upper bound on the number of non-empty Voronoi regions. We show how those lemmas can be used in new algorithms asymptotically more efficient than previous known algorithms when the networks have reasonable distribution properties related to doubling density, and we provide experimental data suggesting that road networks with standard point-of-interest sites have these properties.
description: 21 pages, 7 figures. To appear in ISVD 2010.
A phase-field model for multiphase systems with preserved volume fractions
Creators: name: Nestler, Britta
name: Wendler, Frank
name: Selzer, Michael
name: Stinner, Björn
name: Garcke, Harald
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: 510 Mathematik
subject: 81.10.Aj
subject: 05.70.Ln
subject: 47.55.db
subject: 47.57.Bc

description: We report on an interesting formulation of a phase-field model which incorporates a description of individual phases and particles with preserved volume evolving in a system of multiple phases such that the interfacial energy decreases. In our model, an antiforcing free energy density is defined to fulfill constraints on selected volume fractions by counterbalancing phase changes. Phases are defined as regions with energy bearing boundaries that may differ in their physical states, i.e., the regions may be distinguished in structure crystal transformations, in composition alloys, mixtures of fluids, or in the orientation of the crystal lattice grains. The method allows one to simulate the formation of equilibrium crystal shapes and of the migration of inert particles and phases in microstructures. We show two- and three-dimensional simulations of bubble ensembles and foam textures and demonstrate the excellent agreement of crystal morphology configurations with analytical results.
5,000,000 Delays -- Some Statistics
Creators: name: Malkin, Zinovy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: 5,000,000 VLBI delays are stored now in the IVS data base and available for scientific analysis. This is a remarkable result of more than 20 years of geodetic VLBI history. This paper presents some statistics related to the VLBI observations during almost 25 years of geodetic VLBI.
Hyaluronic acid - Molecule of the Month October 2021 [Archived version]
Creators: name: May, Paul
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: This is the Molecule of the Month entry for October 2021 about hyaluronic acid. It is a pdf archive version of the HTML webpage.
Unlocking Undergraduate Student Success: A Study of High-Impact Practices in a Comprehensive and Diverse College
Creators: name: Shi, Qingmin
name: Cresiski, Robin H.
name: Thanki, Sandip
name: Navarrete, Lori
Publisher: name: Florida State University
Year: 2023
Subjects: graduation
high-impact practices
racially minoritized students
student success
persistence
National Survey of Student Engagement

description: This study examines undergraduate senior students’ participation in high-impact practices (HIPs) and the relationship of that participation with engagement indicators, perceived gains, and overall satisfaction, as well as institutional outcomes of persistence and graduation based on race/ethnicity, first-generation status, and low-income status. Drawing on multiple years of data from 1,482 undergraduate seniors who completed the 2015 through 2019 National Survey of Student Engagement (NSSE) and enrolled in a comprehensive four-year state college, this study indicates that HIP participants reported higher levels of engagement, perceived gains, and overall satisfaction. Participation in HIPs is also positively related to improved persistence or graduation, particularly for racially minoritized students. While overall participation patterns were similar regardless of race/ethnicity or first-generation status, low-income students had higher participation rates in HIPs and participated in more kinds of HIPs as compared to their non-low-income counterparts. Implications of implementing and increasing access to HIPs for enhancing student success in similar institutions are discussed.
Detecting Communities in Tripartite Hypergraphs
Creators: name: Liu, Xin
name: Murata, Tsuyoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In social tagging systems, also known as folksonomies, users collaboratively manage tags to annotate resources. Naturally, social tagging systems can be modeled as a tripartite hypergraph, where there are three different types of nodes, namely users, resources and tags, and each hyperedge has three end nodes, connecting a user, a resource and a tag that the user employs to annotate the resource. Then, how can we automatically detect user, resource and tag communities from the tripartite hypergraph? In this paper, by turning the problem into a problem of finding an efficient compression of the hypergraph's structure, we propose a quality function for measuring the goodness of partitions of a tripartite hypergraph into communities. Later, we develop a fast community detection algorithm based on minimizing the quality function. We explain advantages of our method and validate it by comparing with various state of the art techniques in a set of synthetic datasets.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
When saving seems like the right choice : the role of utility and space in hoarding disorder
Creators: name: Kellman-McFarlane, Kirstie
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2018

description: Despite substantial advances in research on hoarding disorder over the past decade, the mechanisms driving hoarding behaviour remain poorly understood. It is well established that people who hoard feel justified in keeping objects that most individuals would consider worthless. However, there has been little empirical investigation of the decision-making process that provides people who hoard with justification to save objects that most people would discard. The current research proposed that people who hoard are routinely biased towards saving because they engage in a decision-making process that excessively prioritizes factors that favour keeping possessions (i.e., potential future utility) and neglects factors that would normatively encourage discarding (i.e., infrequent past usage, lack of household space, object dysfunction). This model builds on previous research suggesting that people who hoard are abnormally concerned about needing possessions in the future, and Frost and Hartl’s (1996) theoretical proposition that people who hoard have a higher threshold for discarding useless objects. To test this hypothesized model, the current research developed three novel decision- making tasks about household possessions: the Information Seeking Task, the Vignette- Based Task, and the Dysfunction Tolerance Scale. Once validated, these tasks were completed by a community sample (N = 174) of individuals with varying levels of hoarding symptoms. Analyses examined the relationship between task performance and hoarding as both a categorical (i.e., hoarding disorder (n = 53) vs. healthy control (n = 76)) and dimensional construct (i.e., severity of self-reported hoarding symptoms). As predicted, when making discarding decisions, hoarding participants were less responsive to information that would decrease the perceived value of objects, such as i infrequent use, poor condition, and lack of household space. The hoarding group also displayed a greater preference than the healthy control group for considering information that would promote saving (i.e., potential future uses of objects) when making discarding decisions. Although the results supported a consistent view of individual differences in discarding decision-making in hoarding, several of the effect sizes were small. The current findings provide several promising directions for future research. Moreover, the current work offers practical suggestions for enhancing current hoarding interventions that target maladaptive decision-making about possessions.
Intentional mentoring networks for minoritized postdocs within a university system.
Creators: name: Anumiller, J. G.
name: Enekwe, B. O.
name: Carter-Veale, Wendy Y.
name: Cresiski, Robin H.
Publisher: name: The University of New Mexico
Year: 2023

description: Postdoctoral scholars have traditionally received mentoring from a single mentor (creating a “dyad”), limiting the psychosocial support they receive, which is particularly challenging for minoritized scholars (Deanna et al., 2022; Ransdell, et al., 2021). The AGEP Promise Academy Alliance (APAA) (Cresiski et al., 2022) provides multiple mentors for postdoctoral fellows to expand their academic, professional, and support networks. This mixed-method case study involves postdoctoral fellows in the APAA faculty conversion program to identify the extent to which these multiple mentoring opportunities occurred and benefited the APAA fellows. Surveys administered to participants and their non research mentors elucidate the mentorship experience. The findings provide insights for implementing a multi-mentor network within a state university system. This study explores the broader ecosystem of mentorship and its influence on the advancement of minoritized postdocs in biomedical sciences, particularly those who may experience social isolation within their departments. It recognizes that mentorship extends beyond the formal research mentor-mentee relationship and encompasses a network of support that can positively impact the career trajectories and professional development of minoritized individuals. Scholars report benefits from having multiple mentoring opportunities within their institution, within the university system, and from external scholars through our mentors in residence program. “Just in time” mentoring on time-sensitive issues supplemented sustained mentoring. The inclusion of inter-institutional peers, administrators and faculty mentors enhanced this multiple mentor model. Minoritized postdoctoral scholars often have limited opportunities to receive mentorship (Yadav et al., 2020). Mentoring in dyads remains pervasive, though multiple mentors have been proposed (Deanna et al., 2022). We demonstrate that state university systems can be leveraged to provide a unique ecosystem of both short and sustained mentoring interactions that benefit minoritized postdocs without overburdening already over-worked faculty mentors.
Association between random glucose and all-cause mortality: findings from the mortality follow-up of the German National Health Interview and Examination Survey 1998
Creators: name: Baumert, Jens
name: Heidemann, Christin
name: Paprott, Rebecca
name: Du, Yong
name: Scheidt-Nave, Christa
Publisher: name: Robert Koch-Institut
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Random glucose
subject: All-cause mortality
subject: Fasting time
subject: Diabetes prevention
subject: Population-based study
subject: 610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Background Random glucose is widely measured in epidemiological studies and in the clinical setting when standardized fasting protocols and oral glucose tolerance testing or HbA1c measuring are not feasible. The relationship between random glucose and all-cause mortality has hardly been studied so far and was examined in the present study. Methods We ascertained mortality status among 5955 persons aged 18–79 years and free of known diabetes when participating in the German National Health Interview and Examination Survey 1998 (mean observation time 11.7 years, 458 deaths). Cox regression was applied to analyze the association of random serum glucose with all-cause mortality taken potential confounders into account. Relative mortality risks were estimated as hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) modeling random glucose as categorical or continuous variable. Results Compared to random glucose levels of 4.3 -
Enhancing precision thermometry with nonlinear qubits
Creators: name: Deffner, Sebastian
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: UMBC Quantum Thermodynamics Group
subject: Condensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics
subject: Quantum Physics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum thermometry refers to the study of measuring ultra-low temperatures in quantum systems. The precision of such a quantum thermometer is limited by the degree to which temperature can be estimated by quantum measurements. More precisely, the maximal precision is given by the inverse of the quantum Fisher information. In the present analysis, we show that quantum thermometers that are described by nonlinear Schr\"odinger equations allow for a significantly enhanced precision, that means larger quantum Fisher information. This is demonstrated for a variety of pedagogical scenarios consisting of single and two-qubits systems. The enhancement in precision is indicated by non-vanishing quantum speed limits, which originate in the fact that the thermal, Gibbs state is typically not invariant under the nonlinear equations of motion.
Spin Foams and Noncommutative Geometry
Creators: name: Denicola, Domenic
name: Marcolli, Matilde
name: al-Yasry, Ahmad Zainy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81T75

description: We extend the formalism of embedded spin networks and spin foams to include topological data that encode the underlying three-manifold or four-manifold as a branched cover. These data are expressed as monodromies, in a way similar to the encoding of the gravitational field via holonomies. We then describe convolution algebras of spin networks and spin foams, based on the different ways in which the same topology can be realized as a branched covering via covering moves, and on possible composition operations on spin foams. We illustrate the case of the groupoid algebra of the equivalence relation determined by covering moves and a 2-semigroupoid algebra arising from a 2-category of spin foams with composition operations corresponding to a fibered product of the branched coverings and the gluing of cobordisms. The spin foam amplitudes then give rise to dynamical flows on these algebras, and the existence of low temperature equilibrium states of Gibbs form is related to questions on the existence of topological invariants of embedded graphs and embedded two-complexes with given properties. We end by sketching a possible approach to combining the spin network and spin foam formalism with matter within the framework of spectral triples in noncommutative geometry.
description: 48 pages LaTeX, 30 PDF figures
Characterization of ferromagnetic contacts to carbon nanotubes
Creators: name: Preusche, Dominik
name: Schmidmeier, Silvia
name: Pallecchi, Emiliano
name: Dietrich, Christian
name: Hüttel, Andreas K.
name: Zweck, Josef
name: Strunk, Christoph
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: carbon nanotubes, electrodes, ferromagnetic materials, iron, iron alloys, magnetic multilayers, magnetic thin films, micromagnetics, palladium alloys, Permalloy, spin valves, tunnelling magnetoresistance
subject: 530 Physik
subject: 75.70.Ak
subject: 61.46.Fg
subject: 75.70.Cn

description: We present an investigation of different thin-film evaporated ferromagnetic materials for their suitability as electrodes in individual single-wall and multi-wall carbon nanotube-based spin devices. Various electrode shapes made from permalloy (Ni81Fe19), the diluted ferromagnet PdFe, and PdFe/Fe bilayers are studied for both their micromagnetic properties and their contact formation to carbon nanotubes. Suitable devices are tested in low-temperature electron transport measurements, displaying the typical tunneling magnetoresistance of carbon nanotube pseudo-spin valves.
Liability deficit problem of multinational corporate groups : a proposal for legislative and judicial reform
Creators: name: Tepre, Paul
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2018

description: Multinational corporate groups are now the world’s dominant economic institution. In the common law jurisdictions analyzed in this thesis, (the U.K., the U.S. and Canada) legal regulation has not kept pace with regulating the intragroup liability of corporate groups. This thesis focuses on the circumstances under which a subsidiary’s tortious liability should be attributed to the parent company. Through a comparative examination of the case law in the three-subject jurisdiction, this thesis investigates the common law’s attempt to set aside the principles of limited liability and separate corporate personality in order to hold a parent company responsible for its subsidiary’s liability. My multi-jurisdictional comparative analysis of the judicial approaches to allocating tortious liability vertically in corporate groups concludes that while veil piercing remedy is inconsistent in many ways with the economic realities of how parent and subsidiary companies are related, strong policy considerations nonetheless still support its use. Yet, this approach still does not fully address the liability deficit problem characteristic of corporate groups which the common law has been attempting to address through incremental adjustment. This, thesis, therefore calls for legislative correction of the liability deficit problem by making the following recommendations for reform: Parent companies should be required by law to assume the tortious liability of their wholly-owned or controlled subsidiaries, and that corporate groups should maintain intragroup liability insurance coverage where proceeds are payable to tort victims who suffer harm. The legislative proposal is not a bright-line rule in that where the subsidiary company is not wholly-owned but controlled, the courts will be responsible for making a decision as whether or not to set aside the two fundamental principles of corporate law in order to hold a parent company liable. Since the courts will still be responsible for deciding whether to pierce the parent’s veil, there is always the potential risk of judicial discretion to be exercised by the courts. In exercising that discretion, this thesis suggests that the courts should abandon the normal presumption of non-liability in favour of parent companies and adopt the economic reality test when faced with veil piercing inquiry involving partly-owned/controlled subsidiaries.