cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Laminated Glass Connection Details: Towards Homogeneous Material Joints in Glass
Creators: name: Eversmann, Philipp
name: Ihde, André
Publisher: name: Challenging Glass Conference Proceedings
Year: 2018

description: The demand for transparent but robust designs in architecture is still enormous. One of the most complex points of the application of glass is the use of efficient and appropriate connection details. The article examines a modular glass system about its architectural possibilities with a special focus on the connection methodology. We constructed a 2 x 2 x 1m prototype of specially laminated glass sheets with integrated connection details in the framework of a Master of Science programme on digital fabrication with support from Seele and Bischoff Glastechnik, which was also featured in two public exhibitions at TU Munich and the House of Architecture in Munich. The design potential is investigated using parametric geometrical modelling as well as FEM sensitivity analysis. At the interface between the architect and the engineer, the consequences of the FEM analysis are discussed reflecting the influence of the chosen connection to the peak stresses within the structure and expected deflections. A typical part of the examined structure is prepared as an FEA-model. The abstraction of the connection details within the model allows a more in-depth analysis of the load transmissions between the glass panes using non-linear contact effects as well as the rheological behaviour of the interlayer material. The examined structure was designed for application in small-scale architectural design. Beside the design, and analysis of the structure fabrication and installation aspects and their consequences to the design is explained in detail. Unique aspects of this article are new possibility to build transparent and efficient façade systems that can be flexibly adapted to possible areas of application due to the parametrically supported design processes. In addition to the design process, the direct interaction between the architect and the engineer was also able to consider the aspects of the data exchange regarding detail development. The article concludes with a description of further development for full-scale architectural applications and the necessary research.
description: Challenging Glass Conference Proceedings, Vol. 6 (2018): Challenging Glass 6
title: Stability versus Flexibility: The Role of Temporary Employment in Labour Adjustment
Creators: name: Cao, Shutao
name: Leung, Danny
Publisher: name: Bank of Canada
Year: 2010

description: In Canada, temporary workers account for 14 per cent of jobs in the non-farm business sector, are present in a range of industries, and account for 40 per cent of the total job reallocation. Yet most models of job reallocation abstract from temporary workers. This paper evaluates the importance of temporary workers in job reallocation in a multi-sector model with costly labour adjustment and temporary workers. The calibrated model captures some features of job reallocation in Canada. The paper shows that the adjustment cost parameters for permanent workers are underestimated if temporary workers are ignored. It also shows that when a shock occurs where permanent workers bear the brunt of reallocation (e.g. the 2005-2008 commodity price boom and the appreciation of the Canadian dollar), aggregate adjustment costs are underestimated if temporary workers are not accounted for.
description: Au Canada, les travailleurs temporaires occupent 14 % des emplois dans le secteur des entreprises non agricoles, sont présents dans plusieurs branches d'activité et constituent 40 % des effectifs touchés par les redistributions d'emplois. Malgré cela, ils sont absents de la plupart des modèles utilisés pour formaliser la redistribution des emplois. Les auteurs évaluent l'importance de ces travailleurs dans le phénomène à partir d'un modèle multisectoriel comportant des coûts d'ajustement élevés du travail et une main-d'oeuvre temporaire. Ce modèle étalonné reproduit certaines des caractéristiques de la redistribution des emplois observées au Canada. Comme le montrent les auteurs, faire abstraction des travailleurs temporaires amène à sous-estimer les paramètres des coûts d'ajustement calculés pour les travailleurs permanents. Les auteurs montrent également que lorsque les travailleurs permanents font les frais de la redistribution des emplois après un choc (envolée des prix des matières premières entre 2005 et 2008, appréciation du dollar canadien, etc.), les coûts globaux d'ajustement sont sous-estimés si la main-d'oeuvre temporaire n'est pas prise en compte.
Many-body localization in XY spin chains with long-range interactions: An exact diagonalization study
Creators: name: Schiffer, Sebastian
name: Wang, Jia
name: Liu, Xia-Ji
name: Hu, Hui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the transition from the many-body localized phase to the ergodic thermalized phase at an infinite temperature in an $XY$ spin chain with $L$ spins, which experiences power-law decaying interactions in the form of $V_{ij}\propto1/\left|i-j\right|^α$ ($i,j=1,\cdots,L$) and a random transverse field. By performing large-scale exact diagonalization for the chain size up to $L=18$, we systematically analyze the energy gap statistics, half-chain entanglement entropy, and uncertainty of the entanglement entropy of the system at different interaction exponents $α$. The finite-size critical scaling allows us to determine the critical disorder strength $W_{c}$ and critical exponent $ν$ at the many-body localization phase transition, as a function of the interaction exponent $α$ in the limit $L\rightarrow\infty$. We find that both $W_{c}$ and $ν$ diverge when $α$ decreases to a critical power $α_{c}\simeq1.16\pm0.17$, indicating the absence of many-body localization for $α
description: 9 pages, 9 figures
Uses of Linear Polarization as a Probe of Extrasolar Planet Atmospheres
Creators: name: Saar, S.
name: Seager, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We point out some advantages of making observations of extrasolar planets in linearly polarized (LP) light. Older cool stars have quite low levels (~ 10^-4 to 10^-5) of fractional LP, while extrasolar planets can have relatively high fractional LP (~0.1). Observations in LP light can therefore significantly enhance contrast between the planet and its parent star. Data on LP as a function of planetary orbital phase can be used to diagnose the properties (e.g., composition, size, and shape) of the scatterers in the planetary atmosphere. We discuss the feasibility of LP observations of extrasolar planets.
description: 6 pages, conf. proceedings for Scientific Frontiers in Research on Extrasolar Planets eds. D. Deming and S. Seager
Presentation on "First-principles Studies on Advanced Materials in Sensors, Electronics and Optoelectronics" for 17th ISFOE (Nanotexnology 2024)
Creators: name: Tsetseris, Leonidas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: radical
junctionless nanowire transistor
environmental monitoring
gas sensor
air quality monitoring
atmospheric radicals
atmospheric chemisry
air quality
air chemistry
electronic sensors
free radicals
air pollution

description: Prof Leonidas Tsetseris from the National Technical University of Athens was invited to deliver updates on RADICAL results at the 17th International Symposium on Flexible Organic Electronics (Nanotexnology 2024).

RADICAL represents a 'Fundamental Breakthrough in Detection of Atmospheric Free Radicals'.

Find out more on the RADICAL project website: radical-air.eu

The RADICAL project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement number 899282.
Dynamical cluster size heterogeneity
Creators: name: de Azevedo-Lopes, Amanda
name: de la Rocha, André R.
name: de Oliveira, Paulo Murilo C.
name: Arenzon, Jeferson J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Only recently the essential role of the percolation critical point has been considered on the dynamical properties of connected regions of aligned spins (domains) after a sudden temperature quench. In equilibrium, it is possible to resolve the contribution to criticality by the thermal and percolative effects (on finite lattices, while in the thermodynamic limit they merge at a single critical temperature) by studying the cluster size heterogeneity, $H_{\scriptstyle\rm eq}(T)$, a measure of how different the domains are in size. We here extend this equilibrium measure and study its temporal evolution, $H(t)$, after driving the system out of equilibrium by a sudden quench in temperature. We show that this single parameter is able to detect and well separate the different time regimes, related to the two time scales in the problem, the short, percolative and the long, coarsening one.
description: 7 pages
Reply to Comment on "Is a Trineutron Resonance Lower in Energy than a Tetraneutron Resonance?"
Creators: name: Gandolfi, S.
name: Hammer, H. -W.
name: Klos, P.
name: Lynn, J. E.
name: Schwenk, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We reply to a Comment on our Letter [Phys. Rev. Lett. 118, 232501 (2017), arXiv:1612.01502] by A. Deltuva and R. Lazauskas [Phys. Rev. Lett 123, 069201 (2019), arXiv:1904.00925].
description: 2 pages, published version
GRID-SITES: Gridded Solar Iterative Temperature Emission Solver for Fast DEM Inversion
Creators: name: Pickering, James
name: Morgan, Huw
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The increasing size of solar datasets demands highly efficient and robust analysis methods. This paper presents an approach that can increase the computational efficiency of differential emission measure (DEM) inversions by an order of magnitude or higher, with the efficiency factor increasing with the size of the input dataset. The method, named the Gridded Solar Iterative Temperature Emission Solver (Grid-SITES) is based on grouping pixels according to the similarity of their intensities in multiple channels, and solving for one DEM per group. This is shown to be a valid approach, given a sufficiently high number of grid bins for each channel. The increase in uncertainty arising from the quantisation of the input data is small compared to the general measurement and calibration uncertainties. In this paper, we use the Solar Iterative Temperature Emission Solver (SITES) as the core method for the DEM inversion, although Grid-SITES provides a general framework which may be used with any DEM inversion method, or indeed any large multi-dimensional data inversion problem. The method is particularly efficient for processing larger images, offering a factor of 30 increase in speed for a 10 megapixel image. For a time series of observations, the gridded results can be passed sequentially to each new image, with new populated bins added as required. This process leads to increasing efficiency with each new image, with potential for a $\approx$100 increase in efficiency dependent on the size of the images.
title: Trends in U.S. Hours and the Labor Wedge
Creators: name: Cociuba, Simona
name: Ueberfeldt, Alexander
Publisher: name: Bank of Canada
Year: 2010

description: From 1980 until 2007, U.S. average hours worked increased by thirteen percent, due to a large increase in female hours. At the same time, the U.S. labor wedge, measured as the discrepancy between a representative household's marginal rate of substitution between consumption and leisure and the marginal product of labor, declined substantially. We examine these trends in a model with heterogeneous households: married couples, single males and single females. Our quantitative analysis shows that the shrinking gender wage gaps and increasing labor income taxes observed in U.S. data are key determinants of hours and the labor wedge. Changes in our model's labor wedge are driven by distortionary taxes and non-distortionary factors, such as cross-sectional differences in households' labor supply and productivity. We conclude that the labor wedge measured from a representative household model partly reflects imperfect household aggregation.
description: De 1980 à 2007, le nombre moyen d'heures travaillées aux États-Unis s'est accru de 3 % en raison de la forte hausse du nombre des heures effectuées par les femmes. Parallèlement, l'écart entre le taux marginal de substitution consommation-loisir d'un ménage représentatif et la productivité marginale du travail a diminué de façon marquée. Les auteurs examinent ces tendances au moyen d'un modèle comportant des agents hétérogènes, soit des couples mariés, des hommes célibataires et des femmes célibataires. L'analyse quantitative montre que le rétrécissement des écarts salariaux hommes-femmes et l'augmentation des impôts sur le revenu du travail que font ressortir les données américaines sont des déterminants clés du nombre d'heures travaillées et de l'écart observé entre le taux marginal de substitution consommation-loisir et la productivité marginale du travail. Dans le modèle, les variations de cet écart s'expliquent par la présence de distorsions fiscales et d'autres facteurs qui ne sont pas sources de distorsions, telles les différences transversales dans l'offre de travail et la productivité des ménages. Les auteurs concluent que l'écart entre le taux marginal de substitution et la productivité marginale du travail mesuré à partir d'un modèle à agent représentatif traduit en partie l'agrégation imparfaite des ménages.
Phanaeus (Notiophanaeus) Edmonds 1994
Creators: name: Edmonds, W. D.
name: Zídek, J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Scarabaeidae
Phanaeus

description: Subgenus Notiophanaeus
splendidulusgroup
 splendidulus (Fabricius, 1781) [corydon, floriger]
 dejeani Harold, 1868
 melibaeus Blanchard, 1843 [sculpturatus]
 haroldi Kirsch, 1871
 bordoni Arnaud, 1996
chalcomelas group
 chalcomelas (Perty, 1830) [grossii]
 meleagris Blanchard, 1843 [minos]
 lecourti Arnaud, 2000 [peruanus]
 cambeforti Arnaud, 1982
 achilles Boheman, 1858 [foveolatus, lydiae]
bispinus group
 bispinus Bates, 1868 [digitalis]
 sororibispinus Edmondsand Zidek New Name [for alvarengai Arnaud]
palaeno group
 palaeno Blanchard, 1843 [blanchardi, dzidoi, excisicornis]
 martinezorum Arnaud, 2000
 kirbyi Vigors, 1825 [laevicollis, ledezmai, planicollis, subtricornis, truncaticornis]
endymion group
 endymion Harold, 1863 [porioni]
 zapotecus Edmonds, 2006
 halffterorum Edmonds, 1979
 pyrois Bates, 1887 [bothrus, funereus, malyi, olsoufieffi]
description: Published as part of Edmonds, W. D. & Zídek, J., 2012, Taxonomy of Phanaeus revisited: Revised keys to and comments on species of the New World dung beetle genus Phanaeus MacLeay, 1819 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae: Phanaeini), pp. 1-108 in Insecta Mundi 2012 (274) on page 3, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5182095
Phanaeus Edmonds & Zídek, 2012, s. str.
Creators: name: Edmonds, W. D.
name: Zídek, J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Scarabaeidae
Phanaeus

description: Subgenus Phanaeus s. str.
hermes group
 hermes Harold, 1868 [bogotensis]
 prasinus Harold, 1868 [jolyi, lugens, trinidadensis]
tridens group
 tridens Castelnau, 1840 [balthasari, frankenbergeri, moroni, pseudofurcosus]
 eximius Bates, 1887
 furiosus Bates, 1887 [furcosus]
 daphnis Harold, 1863 [coeruleus, herbeus, substriolatus, tricornis]
 nimrod Harold, 1863 [babori]
triangularis group
 triangularis (Say, 1823) [goidanichi, niger, torrens]
 texensis Edmonds, 1994 New Status
 adonis Harold, 1863
mexicanus group
 flohri Nevinson, 1892
 yecoraensis Edmonds, 2004
 demon Castelnau, 1840 [pegasus, scintillans]
 obliquans Bates, 1887 New Status
 excelsus Bates, 1889
 scutifer Bates, 1887
 lunaris Taschenberg, 1870 [charon]
 wagneri Harold, 1863
 pilatei Harold, 1863 New Status
 mexicanus Harold, 1863 [divisus]
 amithaon Harold, 1863
beltianus group
 beltianus Bates, 1887
 changdiazi Kohlmann and Solís, 2001
 sallei Harold, 1863
 howdeni Arnaud, 1984
amethystinusgroup
 melampus Harold, 1863
 amethystinus Harold, 1863 [genieri, martinezi]
 guatemalensis Harold, 1871 New Status [tepanensis]
 blackalleri Delgado-Castillo, 1991
quadridens group
 palliatus Sturm, 1843
 damocles Harold, 1863
 quadridens (Say, 1835) [borealis, laevipennis, violaceus]
vindex group
 igneus MacLeay, 1819 [floridanus]
 vindex MacLeay, 1819 [cyanellus, rubervirens]
 difformis LeConte, 1847 [magnificens]
description: Published as part of Edmonds, W. D. & Zídek, J., 2012, Taxonomy of Phanaeus revisited: Revised keys to and comments on species of the New World dung beetle genus Phanaeus MacLeay, 1819 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae: Phanaeini), pp. 1-108 in Insecta Mundi 2012 (274) on pages 3-4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5182095
Phanaeus MacLeay 1819
Creators: name: Edmonds, W. D.
name: Zídek, J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Scarabaeidae
Phanaeus

description: List of Phanaeus species-group names and status
 Listed below are 114 known species-group names assignable to Phanaeus, of which we consider 54 to be valid (noted in boldface type) and 53 others to be synonyms. Four names are primary junior homonyms and, consequently, permanently unavailable; one is infrasubspecific and, therefore, unavailable; and two are fossils of uncertain status. In the listing below, the following abbreviations apply: hom. = homonym; jr. = junior; prim. = primary; subj. = subjective; syn. = synonym. Genericinitials and names have been intentionally omitted for clarity. Numbers in brackets “[##]” following names of valid species refer to the page below on which the species is identified in the relevant key.
description: Published as part of Edmonds, W. D. & Zídek, J., 2012, Taxonomy of Phanaeus revisited: Revised keys to and comments on species of the New World dung beetle genus Phanaeus MacLeay, 1819 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae: Phanaeini), pp. 1-108 in Insecta Mundi 2012 (274) on page 4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5182095
title: Understanding Systemic Risk: The Trade-Offs between Capital, Short-Term Funding and Liquid Asset Holdings
Creators: name: Gauthier, Céline
name: He, Zhongfang
name: Souissi, Moez
Publisher: name: Bank of Canada
Year: 2010

description: We offer a multi-period systemic risk assessment framework with which to assess recent liquidity and capital regulatory requirement proposals in a holistic way. Following Morris and Shin (2009), we introduce funding liquidity risk as an endogenous outcome of the interaction between market liquidity risk, solvency risk, and the funding structure of banks. To assess the overall impact of different mix of capital and liquidity, we simulate the framework under a severe but plausible macro scenario for different balance-sheet structures. Of particular interest, we find that (1) capital has a decreasing marginal effect on systemic risk, (2) increasing capital alone is much less effective in reducing liquidity risk than solvency risk, (3) high liquid asset holdings reduce the marginal effect of increasing short term liability on systemic risk, and (4) changing liquid asset holdings has little effect on systemic risk when short term liability is sufficiently low.
description: Les auteurs offrent un cadre d'évaluation multipériodique du risque systémique afin d'apprécier globalement l'incidence de récentes propositions relatives aux exigences réglementaires en matière de liquidités et de fonds propres. À l'instar de Morris et Shin (2009), ils font du risque associé à la liquidité de financement une conséquence endogène de l'interaction entre le risque de liquidité du marché, le risque de solvabilité et la structure de financement des banques. Pour mesurer l'impact général d'une combinaison différente de liquidités et de fonds propres, ils simulent la réaction de structures de bilan distinctes à une conjoncture macroéconomique difficile mais plausible. Plusieurs résultats intéressants ressortent des simulations : 1) les fonds propres ont un effet marginal décroissant sur le risque systémique; 2) leur augmentation à elle seule atténue beaucoup moins efficacement le risque de liquidité qu'elle ne réduit le risque de solvabilité; 3) la détention d'un niveau élevé d'actifs liquides restreint l'effet marginal d'une hausse des passifs à court terme sur le risque systémique; 4) la variation du niveau des actifs liquides détenus influe peu sur le risque systémique quand le montant des passifs à court terme est suffisamment faible.
title: Corporate Risk Taking and Ownership Structure
Creators: name: Paligorova, Teodora
Publisher: name: Bank of Canada
Year: 2010

description: This paper investigates the determinants of corporate risk taking. Shareholders with substantial equity ownership in a single company may advocate conservative investment policies due to greater exposure to firm risk. Using a large cross-country sample, I find a positive relationship between corporate risk taking and equity ownership of the largest shareholder. This result is entirely driven by investors holding the largest equity stakes in more than one company. Family shareholders avoid corporate risk taking as their ownership increases unlike mutual funds, banks, financial and industrial companies. Stronger legal protection of shareholder rights is associated with more risk taking, while stronger legal protection of creditor rights reduces risk taking.
description: L'étude porte sur les déterminants de la prise de risques en entreprise. Les actionnaires qui ont des intérêts considérables dans une seule firme ont tendance à préconiser la prudence en matière de politiques d'investissement parce qu'ils sont davantage exposés aux risques. À partir d'un vaste échantillon multipays, l'auteure découvre qu'il existe une relation positive entre la prise de risques et la part des capitaux propres détenue par l'actionnaire principal. Ce résultat ne vaut que pour les investisseurs qui sont actionnaires principaux de plus d'une entreprise. À la différence des fonds communs de placement, des banques et des sociétés financières et industrielles, les actionnaires familiaux évitent la prise de risques à mesure que leur participation augmente. La prise de risques s'accroît lorsque les droits des actionnaires bénéficient d'une meilleure protection juridique que ceux des créanciers, et elle diminue dans le cas contraire.
title: On Fiscal Multipliers: Estimates from a Medium Scale DSGE Model
Creators: name: Zubairy, Sarah
Publisher: name: Bank of Canada
Year: 2010

description: This paper contributes to the debate on fiscal multipliers, in the context of a structural model. I estimate a micro-founded dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model, that features a rich fiscal policy block and a transmission mechanism for government spending shocks, using Bayesian techniques for US data. I find the multiplier for government spending to be 1.12, and the maximum impact is when the spending shock hits the economy. In addition, the estimated model predicts a positive but small response of private consumption to increased government spending. The multipliers for labor and capital tax on impact are 0.13 and 0.33, respectively. The effects of tax cuts, on the other hand, take time to build, and exceed the stimulative effects of higher spending at horizons of 12-20 quarters. The expansionary effects of tax cuts are primarily driven by the response of investment. I carry out several counterfactual exercises to show how alternative financing methods and expected monetary policy have consequences for the size of fiscal multipliers. I also simulate the impact of the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 in the estimated model.
description: La présente étude contribue au débat sur les multiplicateurs budgétaires dans le cadre d'un modèle structurel. L'auteure estime un modèle d'équilibre général dynamique et stochastique aux fondements microéconomiques, qui comporte un riche ensemble de règles de politique budgétaire et un mécanisme de transmission des variations des dépenses publiques, en utilisant des techniques bayésiennes sur des données relatives aux États-Unis. Les résultats obtenus indiquent que le multiplicateur des dépenses publiques s'établit à 1,12 et que l'incidence maximale a lieu au moment où le choc de dépense frappe l'économie. En outre, le modèle estimé prédit une réaction positive mais faible de la consommation privée à la hausse des dépenses publiques. Les multiplicateurs de l'impôt sur le revenu du travail et de l'impôt sur le capital au moment du choc sont respectivement de 0,13 et de 0,33. Les réductions d'impôt, en revanche, mettent du temps à faire sentir leurs effets, et elles sont plus stimulantes que les augmentations des dépenses à un horizon de 12 à 20 trimestres. Leur action expansionniste est principalement attribuable à la réaction de l'investissement. L'auteure procède à plusieurs simulations contrefactuelles afin de montrer en quoi le recours à d'autres modes de financement et la politique monétaire attendue ont des conséquences pour la taille des multiplicateurs budgétaires. Elle simule également l'incidence de la loi des États-Unis intitulée American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 dans le modèle estimé.
A quantum Monte Carlo algorithm for softcore boson systems
Creators: name: Smakov, Jurij
name: Harada, Kenji
name: Kawashima, Naoki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An efficient Quantum Monte Carlo algorithm for the simulation of bosonic systems on a lattice in a grand canonical ensemble is proposed. It is based on the mapping of bosonic models to the spin models in the limit of the infinite total spin quantum number. It is demonstrated, how this limit may be taken explicitly in the algorithm, eliminating the systematic errors. The efficiency of the algorithm is examined for the non-interacting lattice boson model and compared with the stochastic series expansion method with the heat-bath type scattering probability of the random walker.
description: Submitted to Phys. Rev. E (Rapid Communications)
Deep neural network or dermatologist?
Creators: name: Young, Kyle
name: Booth, Gareth
name: Simpson, Becks
name: Dutton, Reuben
name: Shrapnel, Sally
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Deep learning techniques have proven high accuracy for identifying melanoma in digitised dermoscopic images. A strength is that these methods are not constrained by features that are pre-defined by human semantics. A down-side is that it is difficult to understand the rationale of the model predictions and to identify potential failure modes. This is a major barrier to adoption of deep learning in clinical practice. In this paper we ask if two existing local interpretability methods, Grad-CAM and Kernel SHAP, can shed light on convolutional neural networks trained in the context of melanoma detection. Our contributions are (i) we first explore the domain space via a reproducible, end-to-end learning framework that creates a suite of 30 models, all trained on a publicly available data set (HAM10000), (ii) we next explore the reliability of GradCAM and Kernel SHAP in this context via some basic sanity check experiments (iii) finally, we investigate a random selection of models from our suite using GradCAM and Kernel SHAP. We show that despite high accuracy, the models will occasionally assign importance to features that are not relevant to the diagnostic task. We also show that models of similar accuracy will produce different explanations as measured by these methods. This work represents first steps in bridging the gap between model accuracy and interpretability in the domain of skin cancer classification.
title: Text Mining and the Information Content of Bank of Canada Communications
Creators: name: Hendry, Scott
name: Madeley, Alison
Publisher: name: Bank of Canada
Year: 2010

description: This paper uses Latent Semantic Analysis to extract information from Bank of Canada communication statements and investigates what type of information affects returns and volatility in short-term as well as long-term interest rate markets over the 2002-2008 period. Discussions about geopolitical risk and other external shocks, major domestic shocks (SARS and BSE), the balance of risks to the economic projection, and various forward looking statements are found to significantly affect market returns and volatility, especially for short-term markets. This effect is over and above that from the information contained in any policy interest rate surprise.
description: Les auteurs utilisent l'analyse sémantique latente pour extraire l'information que renferment les communications de la Banque du Canada et ensuite examiner quel type d'information a influencé les rendements et la volatilité sur les marchés de taux d'intérêt à court et à long terme durant la période 2002-2008. Ils constatent que les déclarations prospectives de la Banque et ses analyses du risque géopolitique et d'autres chocs extérieurs, d'importants chocs intérieurs (p. ex., l'épidémie de SRAS et la découverte d'un cas de maladie de la vache folle) et de la résultante des risques entourant sa projection économique ont une incidence significative sur les rendements et la volatilité, surtout dans le cas des marchés à court terme. Cet effet est distinct de celui lié à la diffusion de toute information inattendue concernant le taux directeur.
title: Adverse Selection, Liquidity, and Market Breakdown
Creators: name: Kirabaeva, Koralai
Publisher: name: Bank of Canada
Year: 2010

description: This paper studies the interaction between adverse selection, liquidity risk and beliefs about systemic risk in determining market liquidity, asset prices and welfare. Even a small amount of adverse selection in the asset market can lead to fire-sale pricing and possibly to a market breakdown if it is accompanied by a flight-to-liquidity, a misassessment of systemic risk, or uncertainty about asset values. The ability to trade based on private information improves welfare if adverse selection does not lead to a market breakdown. Informed trading allows financial institutions to reduce idiosyncratic risks, but it exacerbates their exposure to systemic risk. Further, I show that in a market equilibrium, financial institutions overinvest into risky illiquid assets (relative to the constrained efficient allocation), which creates systemic externalities. Also, I explore possible policy responses and discuss their effectiveness.
description: L'auteure étudie l'interaction entre l'antisélection, le risque de liquidité et les croyances concernant le risque systémique dans la détermination du degré de liquidité du marché, des prix des actifs et du niveau de bien-être. La présence, même faible, d'antisélection sur le marché des actifs peut entraîner l'effondrement des prix de vente, voire la défaillance du marché si elle s'accompagne d'une ruée vers la liquidité, d'une évaluation incorrecte du risque systémique ou d'une incertitude quant à la valeur des actifs. La possibilité de négocier sur la base d'informations privées accroît le bien-être lorsque l'antisélection ne mène pas à la défaillance du marché. Les transactions entre opérateurs informés permettent aux institutions financières de réduire les risques idiosyncrasiques, mais elles accentuent l'exposition de ces dernières au risque systémique. L'auteure montre également qu'en situation d'équilibre de marché (par rapport à une situation d'efficience allocative sous contraintes), les institutions financières surinvestissent dans des actifs risqués peu liquides, ce qui crée des effets externes systémiques. Enfin, l'auteure examine diverses interventions possibles de l'État et analyse leur efficacité.
Spinodal Decomposition and the Deconfining Phase Transition
Creators: name: Berg, Bernd A.
name: Heller, Urs M.
name: Meyer-Ortmanns, Hildegard
name: Velytsky, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the Glauber dynamics of simple spin systems to identify dynamical scenarios which may be of relevance for the deconfining phase transition in heavy ion collisions.
description: lattice 2003
MOESM3 of Assessment of precision irradiation in early non-small cell lung cancer and interstitial lung disease (ASPIRE-ILD): study protocol for a phase II trial
Creators: name: Palma, David
name: Hanbo Chen
name: Bahig, Houda
name: Gaede, Stewart
name: Harrow, Stephen
name: Laba, Joanna
name: X. Qu
name: Rodrigues, George
name: Yaremko, Brian P.
name: Yu, Edward
name: Louie, Alexander
name: Inderdeep Dhaliwal
name: Ryerson, Christopher
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 3.Â ASPIRE-MRI Sub-study (London Site Only).
SINGS: The SIRTF Nearby Galaxies Survey
Creators: name: Kennicutt,, R. C.
name: Armus, L.
name: Bendo, G.
name: Calzetti, D.
name: Dale, D. A.
name: Draine, B. T.
name: Engelbracht, C. W.
name: Gordon, K. D.
name: Grauer, A. D.
name: Helou, G.
name: Hollenbach, D. J.
name: Jarrett, T. H.
name: Kewley, L. J.
name: Leitherer, C.
name: Li, A.
name: Malhotra, S.
name: Regan, M. W.
name: Rieke, G. H.
name: Rieke, M. J.
name: Roussel, H.
name: Smith, J. -D. T.
name: Thornley, Michele D.
name: Walter, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The SIRTF Nearby Galaxy Survey is a comprehensive infrared imaging and spectroscopic survey of 75 nearby galaxies. Its primary goal is to characterize the infrared emission of galaxies and their principal infrared-emitting components, across a broad range of galaxy properties and star formation environments. SINGS will provide new insights into the physical processes connecting star formation to the interstellar medium properties of galaxies, and provide a vital foundation for understanding infrared observations of the distant universe and ultraluminous and active galaxies. The galaxy sample and observing strategy have been designed to maximize the scientific and archival value of the data set for the SIRTF user community at large. The SIRTF images and spectra will be supplemented by a comprehensive multi-wavelength library of ancillary and complementary observations, including radio continuum, HI, CO, submillimeter, BVRIJHK, H-alpha, Paschen-alpha, ultraviolet, and X-ray data. This paper describes the main astrophysical issues to be addressed by SINGS, the galaxy sample and the observing strategy, and the SIRTF and other ancillary data products.
description: 26 pages, 9 figures, PASP, in press
Heterocerus gnatho LeConte 1863
Creators: name: King, Jonas G.
name: Lago, Paul K.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Heteroceridae
Heterocerus
Heterocerus gnatho

description: 2. Heterocerus gnatho LeConte
(Fig. 14, 38, 55)
 Heterocerus gnatho LeConte 1863: 74.
 Neoheterocerus gnatho (LeConte): Pacheco 1964: 85.
 Description. Length 3.5 - 7.0 mm. Dark brown to yellowish brown. Elytra dominated by pale markings that are highly variable in shape and definition, vaguely trifasciate (Fig. 14); striae absent. Pronotal disc usually darker than elytra, apical angles of the pronotum pale, apical spot sometimes elongated posteriorly along pronotal border, narrowing posteriorly only slightly. Post-metathoracic coxal and post-mesothoracic coxal lines absent. Male genitalia (Fig. 38) of the typical Heterocerus type, parameres triangular; dorsal plate of aedeagus depressed on the right anterior edge, and convex on its posterior edge. Hypermandibulate males common.
 Diagnosis. Heterocerus gnatho is the largest heterocerid species in North America, although its size varies considerably. While strikingly similar in appearance to H. pallidus, H. gnatho is generally darker and has less prominent light pronotal borders. Enough variation is present in these characters, however, to warrant inspection of male genitalia. A strong notch on the posterior edge of the dorsal plate (compare dorsal views in Fig. 37 and 38), and having the interior margins of the parameres diverging slightly from one another, distinguish this species.
 Notes. Southeastern records are mostly from sandy riverine and coastal areas.
 Upon inspection of the male genitalia in previously identified material, it was found that specimens of H. intermuralis and H. pallidus were commonly misidentified as H. gnatho. This is an easy error to make if one uses Miller’s (1996) key. Undoubtedly, some published records for this species are erroneous.
 Distribution. Heterocerus gnatho occurs primarily in the northern United States and southern Canada, being most common from southern Ontario to British Columbia in Canada and west of the Rocky Mountains in the United States (Fig. 55). Scattered records exist for Kansas, Iowa, Illinois and North Dakota (New State Record - Pembina Co., ND, Goschke Dam, Tongue River Game Management Area, 28 June 1974, Paul K. Lago; Richland Co., ND, Walcott Dunes, 28 May 1974, Paul K. Lago). In Mississippi, specimens were collected near freshwater and saline habitats along the Mississippi Gulf Coast, at a UV light in Ocean Springs (Harrison Co.), and along the Mississippi River (Great River Road State Park) in Bolivar County.
 Specimens examined. 119 (See Appendix).
description: Published as part of King, Jonas G. & Lago, Paul K., 2012, The variegated mud-loving beetles (Coleoptera: Heteroceridae) of Mississippi and Alabama, with discussion and keys to the species occurring in the southeastern United States, pp. 1-53 in Insecta Mundi 2012 (275) on page 16, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5188356
The elementary excitations of the BCS model in the canonical ensemble
Creators: name: Sierra, G.
name: Roman, J. M.
name: Dukelsky, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We summarize previous works on the exact ground state and the elementary excitations of the exactly solvable BCS model in the canonical ensemble. The BCS model is solved by Richardson equations, and, in the large coupling limit, by Gaudin equations. The relationship between this two kinds of solutions are used to classiffy the excitations.
description: Revtex4 file, 11 pages, 11 figures. Proceedings of the 6th International workshop on Conformal Field Theory and Integrable Models, Chernologka, Russia, Sept. 2002
title: Composition of International Capital Flows: A Survey
Creators: name: Kirabaeva, Koralai
name: Razin, Assaf
Publisher: name: Bank of Canada
Year: 2010

description: We survey several key mechanisms that explain the composition of international capital flows: foreign direct investment, foreign portfolio investment and debt flows (bank loans and bonds). In particular, we focus on the following market frictions: asymmetric information in capital markets and exposure to liquidity shocks. We show that the information asymmetry between foreign and domestic investors leads to inefficient investment allocation and borrowing in a country that finances its domestic investment through foreign debt or foreign equity. Exposure to liquidity shocks due to the mismatch of debt maturity may induce banking crises and cause sudden reversals of short-term capital flows. When there is asymmetric information between sellers and buyers in the capital market, then due to the adverse selection foreign direct investment is associated with higher liquidation costs than portfolio investment. The difference in exposure to liquidity shocks (in addition to asymmetric information) can explain the composition of equity flows between developed and emerging countries, and the patterns of foreign direct investments during financial crises.
description: Les auteurs passent en revue plusieurs mécanismes importants susceptibles d’expliquer la ventilation des flux de capitaux internationaux entre investissements directs étrangers (IDE), investissements de portefeuille étrangers et flux d’endettement (emprunts bancaires et obligations). Ils s’intéressent tout particulièrement aux deux frictions suivantes : l’asymétrie d’information sur les marchés de capitaux et l’exposition aux chocs de liquidité. Ils montrent que l’asymétrie d’information entre les investisseurs étrangers et nationaux entraîne de l’inefficience dans l’allocation des capitaux lorsqu’un pays finance ses investissements internes au moyen de capitaux étrangers. L’exposition aux chocs de liquidité découlant de l’asymétrie des échéances entre les actifs et les passifs peut induire des crises bancaires et de brusques inversions des flux de capitaux à court terme. Lorsqu’il y a asymétrie d’information entre acheteurs et vendeurs sur le marché des capitaux, la présence d’antisélection entraîne des coûts de liquidation plus élevés pour les IDE que pour les investissements de portefeuille. Les différences d’exposition aux chocs de liquidité (ajoutées à l’asymétrie d’information) expliqueraient la composition différente des flux d’investissements sous forme de prises de participation entre économies développées et émergentes, ainsi que le comportement des IDE lors des crises financières.
Rapid Cooling of Dusty Gas in Elliptical Galaxies
Creators: name: Mathews, William G.
name: Brighenti, Fabrizio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a stellar origin for the central dust clouds observed in most giant elliptical galaxies. Dusty gas ejected from evolving red giant stars in E or cD galaxies can cool rapidly even after entering the hot, X-ray emitting gas. Cooling by thermal collisions with dust grains can be faster than either the dynamical time in the galactic potential or the grain sputtering time. Some grains survive in the cooled gas. Dusty stellar outflows cool more efficiently in the central regions where the stellar metallicity is higher. Mergers with gas and dust-rich dwarf galaxies may occasionally occur but are not required to explain the observed dust clouds.
description: 4 pages (emulateapj5) with 1 figure; accepted by The Astrophysical Journal Letters
MOESM1 of Plant leaves for wrapping zongzi in China: an ethnobotanical study
Creators: name: Fengke Lin
name: Binsheng Luo
name: Long, Bo
name: Chunlin Long
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. The investigation areas (county level) where people are familiar with the functions of ZLs.
Rapidly Rotating Bose-Einstein Condensates in and near the Lowest Landau Level
Creators: name: Schweikhard, V.
name: Coddington, I.
name: Engels, P.
name: Mogendorff, V. P.
name: Cornell, E. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We create rapidly rotating Bose-Einstein condensates in the lowest Landau level, by spinning up the condensates to rotation rates $Ω>99%$ of the centrifugal limit for a harmonically trapped gas, while reducing the number of atoms. As a consequence, the chemical potential drops below the cyclotron energy $2\hbarΩ$. While in this mean-field quantum Hall regime we still observe an ordered vortex lattice, its elastic shear strength is strongly reduced, as evidenced by the observed very low frequency of Tkachenko modes. Furthermore, the gas approaches the quasi-two-dimensional limit. The associated cross-over from interacting- to ideal-gas behavior along the rotation axis results in a shift of the axial breathing mode frequency.
description: Replaced with revised version, Revised fractional core area data, 5 pages, 4 figures
title: Semi-Structural Models for Inflation Forecasting
Creators: name: Kichian, Maral
name: Fabio, Rumler
name: Corrigan, Paul
Publisher: name: Bank of Canada
Year: 2010

description: We propose alternative single-equation semi-structural models for forecasting inflation in Canada, whereby structural New Keynesian models are combined with time-series features in the data. Several marginal cost measures are used, including one that in addition to unit labour cost also integrates relative price shocks known to play an important role in open-economies. Structural estimation and testing is conducted using identification-robust methods that are valid whatever the identification status of the econometric model. We find that our semi-structural models perform better than various strictly structural and conventional time series models. In the latter case, forecasting performance is significantly better, both in the short run and in the medium run.
description: Les auteurs proposent divers modèles semi-structurels à équation unique pour prévoir l'inflation au Canada en combinant les modèles structurels néo-keynésiens et les caractéristiques chronologiques des données. Plusieurs mesures du coût marginal sont utilisées, notamment une qui intègre, en plus du coût unitaire de main-d'oeuvre, des chocs de prix relatifs dont le rôle important dans les économies ouvertes est un fait avéré. Pour réaliser l'estimation structurelle et les tests, les auteurs appliquent des méthodes robustes en matière d'identification qui gardent leur validité que le modèle économétrique soit bien ou mal identifié. Les auteurs constatent que leurs modèles semi-structurels donnent de meilleurs résultats que ceux qui sont purement structurels ou fondés sur des séries chronologiques traditionnelles. Dans ce dernier cas, la qualité des prévisions est largement supérieure, tant à court terme qu'à moyen terme.