cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
$\mathbf{C}^2$Former: Calibrated and Complementary Transformer for RGB-Infrared Object Detection
Creators: name: Yuan, Maoxun
name: Wei, Xingxing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Object detection on visible (RGB) and infrared (IR) images, as an emerging solution to facilitate robust detection for around-the-clock applications, has received extensive attention in recent years. With the help of IR images, object detectors have been more reliable and robust in practical applications by using RGB-IR combined information. However, existing methods still suffer from modality miscalibration and fusion imprecision problems. Since transformer has the powerful capability to model the pairwise correlations between different features, in this paper, we propose a novel Calibrated and Complementary Transformer called $\mathrm{C}^2$Former to address these two problems simultaneously. In $\mathrm{C}^2$Former, we design an Inter-modality Cross-Attention (ICA) module to obtain the calibrated and complementary features by learning the cross-attention relationship between the RGB and IR modality. To reduce the computational cost caused by computing the global attention in ICA, an Adaptive Feature Sampling (AFS) module is introduced to decrease the dimension of feature maps. Because $\mathrm{C}^2$Former performs in the feature domain, it can be embedded into existed RGB-IR object detectors via the backbone network. Thus, one single-stage and one two-stage object detector both incorporating our $\mathrm{C}^2$Former are constructed to evaluate its effectiveness and versatility. With extensive experiments on the DroneVehicle and KAIST RGB-IR datasets, we verify that our method can fully utilize the RGB-IR complementary information and achieve robust detection results. The code is available at https://github.com/yuanmaoxun/Calibrated-and-Complementary-Transformer-for-RGB-Infrared-Object-Detection.git.
Recipes for computing radiation from a Kerr black hole using a generalized Sasaki-Nakamura formalism: Homogeneous solutions
Creators: name: Lo, Rico K. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Central to black hole perturbation theory calculations is the Teukolsky equation that governs the propagation and the generation of radiation emitted by Kerr black holes. However, it is plagued by a long-ranged potential associated with the perturbation equation and hence a direct numerical integration of the equation is challenging. Sasaki and Nakamura devised a formulation that transforms the equation into a new equation that is free from the issue for the case of outgoing gravitational radiation. The formulation was later generalized by Hughes to work for any type of radiation. In this work, we revamp the Generalized Sasaki-Nakamura (GSN) formalism and explicitly show the transformations that convert solutions between the Teukolsky and the GSN formalism for both in- and outgoing radiation of scalar, electromagnetic, and gravitational type. We derive all necessary ingredients for the GSN formalism to be used in numerical computations. In particular, we present a new numerical implementation of the formalism, GeneralizedSasakiNakamura.jl, that computes homogeneous solutions to both perturbation equations in the Teukolsky and the GSN formalism. The code works well at low frequencies and is even better at high frequencies by leveraging the fact that black holes are highly permeable to waves at high frequencies. This work lays the foundation for an efficient scheme to compute gravitational radiation from Kerr black holes and an alternative way to compute quasinormal modes of Kerr black holes.
description: 35 pages, 15 figures. Added discussions on zero-frequency modes and high $\ell$ modes
Sparsified Simultaneous Confidence Intervals for High-Dimensional Linear Models
Creators: name: Zhu, Xiaorui
name: Qin, Yichen
name: Wang, Peng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Econometrics (econ.EM)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: 62fxx

description: Statistical inference of the high-dimensional regression coefficients is challenging because the uncertainty introduced by the model selection procedure is hard to account for. A critical question remains unsettled; that is, is it possible and how to embed the inference of the model into the simultaneous inference of the coefficients? To this end, we propose a notion of simultaneous confidence intervals called the sparsified simultaneous confidence intervals. Our intervals are sparse in the sense that some of the intervals' upper and lower bounds are shrunken to zero (i.e., $[0,0]$), indicating the unimportance of the corresponding covariates. These covariates should be excluded from the final model. The rest of the intervals, either containing zero (e.g., $[-1,1]$ or $[0,1]$) or not containing zero (e.g., $[2,3]$), indicate the plausible and significant covariates, respectively. The proposed method can be coupled with various selection procedures, making it ideal for comparing their uncertainty. For the proposed method, we establish desirable asymptotic properties, develop intuitive graphical tools for visualization, and justify its superior performance through simulation and real data analysis.
description: 26 pages, 6 figures
A Situated-Infrastructuring of WhatsApp for Business in India
Creators: name: De, Ankolika
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: K.4.4; K.4.2; K.4.3; H.5.2; H.4.3; J.4

description: WhatsApp has become a pivotal communication tool in India, transcending cultural boundaries and deeply integrating into the nation's digital landscape. Meta's introduction of WhatsApp for Business aligns seamlessly with the platform's popularity, offering businesses a crucial tool. However, the monetization plans pose challenges, particularly for smaller businesses, in balancing revenue goals with accessibility. This study, employing discourse analysis, examines Meta's infrastructuring of WhatsApp in India, emphasizing the dynamic interplay of technological, social, and cultural dimensions. Consequently, it highlights potential power differences caused by the deployment of WhatsApp for Business followed by its gradual but significant modifications, encouraging scholars to investigate the implications and ethics of rapid technological changes, particularly for marginalized users.
description: 7 pages, Accepted to ACM CHI 2024 as an Extended Abstract. In Proceedings of the 2024 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI'24)
Pipistrellus aero Heller 1912
Creators: name: Don E. Wilson
name: Russell A. Mittermeier
Publisher: name: Lynx Edicions
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Chiroptera
Vespertilionidae
Pipistrellus
Pipistrellus aero

description: 29.
Mount GarguesPipistrelle
Pipistrellus aero
French: Pipistrelle du Kenya / German: Mount-Gargues-Zwergfledermaus / Spanish: Pipistrela de Kenya
Other common names: Aerial Pipistrelle Bat, Kenya Pipistrelle, Mount Gargues Pipistrelle Bat
Taxonomy. Pipistrellus aero Heller, 1912,
“from summit of Mount Garguez [= Gargues], Mathews Range, altitude 7,000 ft. [= 2134 m], British East Africa [= Kenya].”
This species is monotypic.
Distribution. Recorded from three localities in W & C Ethiopia (Beko River, Yamboshi River, and Chercher Mts) and three localities in W Kenya (Marsabit Lake, Mt Gargues, and Ngong); there is an apparent record from Tana Lake in NW Ethiopia, but it does not seem to represent this species (most likely P. hesperidus hesperidus).
Descriptive notes. Head-body 40-49 mm, tail 32-34 mm, ear 10-15 mm, hindfoot 5-10 mm, forearm 31-34 mm; weight 4-5 g. Pelage of the Mount Gargues Pipistrelle is dense and silky. Dorsum is dark brown, with reddish tinge; venteris slightly paler. Ears are black and relatively short; tragus is about one-third the ear height and narrow, and it has concave anterior margin, smoothly convex posterior margin, and rounded tip. Wings are very dark brown, without white hind border. Uropatagium is very dark brown and extends from well-developed calcar to more or lesstail tip (except extreme tip). Baculum is strongly curved and bifurcated at tip and base. Skull is of moderate size for an African Pipistrellus; braincase is relatively high and moderate in breadth; interorbital region is relatively narrow; rostrum is relatively long and broad; forehead region is moderately concave; upper incisors are conical and unicuspid; I” is less than one-half the height of I?; P* is minute, displaced lingually, and generally not visible above gum; and lower molars are nyctalodont.
Habitat. Montane forest habitats (on Mount Gargues, Kenya) and mosaic of evergreen brushland, secondary Acacia (Fabaceae) wooded grassland (in other localities in Kenya), and Afromontane vegetation (at Marsabit Lake, Kenya) at elevations of 1200-2700 m.
Food and Feeding. No information.
Breeding. No information.
Activity patterns. No information.
Movements, Home range and Social organization. No information.
Status and Conservation. Classified as Data Deficient on The IUCN Red List. Virtually nothing is known on ecology of the Mount Gargues Pipistrelle, and it is known only from a few records in Ethiopia and Kenya. Additional sampling and research are needed to fully assess its conservation status.
Bibliography. ACR (2018), Hayman & Hill (1971), Hill & Harrison (1987), Jacobs et al. (2008e), Lavrenchenko et al. (2004), Van Cakenberghe & Happold (2013e)
description: Published as part of Don E. Wilson & Russell A. Mittermeier, 2019, Vespertilionidae, pp. 716-981 in Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona :Lynx Edicions on pages 776-777, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.6397752
The Poisson boundary of lampshuffler groups
Creators: name: Silva, Eduardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study random walks on the lampshuffler group $\mathrm{FSym}(H)\rtimes H$, where $H$ is a finitely generated group and $\mathrm{FSym}(H)$ is the group of finitary permutations of $H$. We show that for any step distribution $μ$ with a finite first moment that induces a transient random walk on $H$, the permutation coordinate of the random walk almost surely stabilizes pointwise. Our main result states that for $H=\mathbb{Z}$, the above convergence completely describes the Poisson boundary of the random walk $(\mathrm{FSym}(\mathbb{Z})\rtimes \mathbb{Z},μ)$.
description: 25 pages, no figures
Pipistrellus permixtus Aellen 1957
Creators: name: Don E. Wilson
name: Russell A. Mittermeier
Publisher: name: Lynx Edicions
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Chiroptera
Vespertilionidae
Pipistrellus
Pipistrellus permixtus

description: 30.
Dar-es-Salaam Pipistrelle
Pipistrellus permixtus
French: Pipistrelle de Tanzanie / German: Dar-es-Salaam-Zwergfledermaus / Spanish: Pipistrela de Tanzania
Other common names: Dar-es-Salaam Pipistrelle Bat, Tanzania Pipistrelle
Taxonomy. Pipistrellus (Pipistrellus) permixtus Aellen, 1957,
“ Dar es Salam [sic], Tanganyika [= Tanzania].”
Taxonomy of P. permixtus is currently uncertain. It seems to be related to Palearctic Pipistrellus, and because the only known specimen was found at port Dar-es-Salaam, there are speculations that it might have been a stowaway on a ship from some Palearctic region. Monotypic.
Distribution. Known only from type specimen at Dar-es-Salaam, EC Tanzania.
Descriptive notes. Head-body ¢. 42 mm, tail ¢. 33 mm, ear c.12-5 mm, hindfoot 6 mm, forearm 33-5 mm (type specimen). Pelage color of the Dar-es-Salaam Pipistrelle is uncertain because color of type specimen was lost before the species was described because it was preserved in “spirits.” Individual hairs are known to be bicolored; ventral pelage is also unknown butis reported as not pure white (probably lighter than dorsum). Ears are relatively short, with rounded tips; tragus is about one-third the ear length, broadestjust above middle of anterior margin, and sickle-shaped, with anterior margin concave, posterior margin smoothly convex, and tip rounded. Thumbis relatively long. Uropatagium reaches to very tip oftail; postcalcarial lobe is large and well developed. Skull is of medium size for an African Pipistrellus; supraorbital region is not so expanded that dorsal surface of rostrum has pentagonal outline; forehead region is moderately concave; I? is bicuspid; I’ is about two-thirds the height of I*; P* is well developed, visible above gum, and displaced lingually according to V. Aellen in 1957 but was deemed to be within tooth row by K. F. Koopman in 1994 after observing the holotype; C,is relatively robust; and lower molars are nyctalodont.
Habitat. Potentially dry coastal forests, which surrounds the area where type specimen was captured.
Food and Feeding. No information.
Breeding. No information.
Activity patterns. No information.
Movements, Home range and Social organization. No information.
Status and Conservation. Classified as Data Deficient on The IUCN Red List. The Dar-es-Salaam Pipistrelle is known from only a single specimen collected at a port in eastern Tanzania in 1905. Surveys are needed to determine its status and relationship to other species of Pipistrellus.
Bibliography. ACR (2018), Aellen (1957), Hill & Harrison (1987), Jacobs et al. (2008e), Koopman (1994), Van Cakenberghe & Happold (2013m).
description: Published as part of Don E. Wilson & Russell A. Mittermeier, 2019, Vespertilionidae, pp. 716-981 in Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona :Lynx Edicions on page 777, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.6397752
Runtime Stealthy Perception Attacks against DNN-based Adaptive Cruise Control Systems
Creators: name: Zhou, Xugui
name: Chen, Anqi
name: Kouzel, Maxfield
name: Ren, Haotian
name: McCarty, Morgan
name: Nita-Rotaru, Cristina
name: Alemzadeh, Homa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC) is a widely used driver assistance technology for maintaining the desired speed and safe distance to the leading vehicle. This paper evaluates the security of the deep neural network (DNN) based ACC systems under runtime stealthy perception attacks that strategically inject perturbations into camera data to cause forward collisions. We present a context-aware strategy for the selection of the most critical times for triggering the attacks and a novel optimization-based method for the adaptive generation of image perturbations at runtime. We evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed attack using an actual vehicle, a publicly available driving dataset, and a realistic simulation platform with the control software from a production ACC system, a physical-world driving simulator, and interventions by the human driver and safety features such as Advanced Emergency Braking System (AEBS). Experimental results show that the proposed attack achieves 142.9 times higher success rate in causing hazards and 82.6% higher evasion rate than baselines, while being stealthy and robust to real-world factors and dynamic changes in the environment. This study highlights the role of human drivers and basic safety mechanisms in preventing attacks.
description: 17 pages, 23 figures, 11 tables. To appear in the 20th ACM ASIA Conference on Computer and Communications Security. (Acceptance rate ~ 13.3%)
Examining Food Access Disparities using Spatial Microsimulation
Creators: name: Tuccillo, Joseph
name: Gaboardi, James
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Food access disparities are a key aspect of measuring spatial accessibility to essential services. We propose an individual-centric approach for measuring food access disparities that combines socio-demographic and economic context of food access with travel estimates on real-world transportation networks. Our preliminary analysis explores refinement of the United States Department of Agriculture’s (USDA) Food Access Research Atlas (FARA). We develop a realistic synthetic population for Tallahassee, FL, then evaluate their level of access to healthy food services in the context of FARA criteria including low income, low vehicle access, and demographic sensitivities. Our results present precise locational estimates of where food access disparities are likely to occur for a variety of low-income/low access groups, which in turn presents potential for targeting planning interventions.
Franck-Condon Simulation of Vibrationally-Resolved X-ray Spectra for Diatomic Systems: Validation of Harmonic Approximation and Density Functional Theory
Creators: name: Zhang, Lu
name: Wei, Minrui
name: Ge, Guoyan
name: Hua, Weijie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Under the Franck-Condon approximation, we systematically validated the performance of density functional theory (DFT) and the effects of anharmonicity in simulating C/N/O K-edge vibrationally-resolved X-ray spectra of common diatomic molecules. To get ``transparent'' validations, vibronic fine structures of only the lowest 1s excited or ionized state in the X-ray absorption (XAS) or photoelectron (XPS) spectra were investigated. All 6 systems (N$_2$, N$_2^+$; NO, NO$^+$; CO, CO$^+$) were studied within the harmonic oscillator (HO) approximation using DFT with four functionals (BLYP, BP86, B3LYP, M06-2X) for 10 XAS and 4 XPS spectra, and excellent agreement between theoretical and experimental spectra was found in most systems, except O1s XAS of NO, CO, and NO$^+$. We analyzed and established a connection between their complex vibronic structures (many weak oscillating features within a broad peak) and the significant geometrical changes induced by the O1s hole. The three spectra were well reproduced with anharmonic (AH) calculations by using quantum wavepacket dynamics based on potential energy curves (PECs) generated by DFT methods or multiconfigurational levels, highlighting sensitivity to the anharmonic effect and the PEC quality. In other examples of XAS (CO$^+$, C1s and O1s; NO, N1s) corresponding to smaller structural changes, HO and AH approaches lead to similar fine structures, which are dominated by 0-0 and 0-1 transitions. This study highlights the use of DFT with selected functionals for such diatomic calculations due to its easy execution and generally reliable accuracy. Functional dependence in diatomic systems is generally more pronounced than in polyatomic ones. We found that BLYP, BP86, and B3LYP functionals consistently exhibited high accuracy in predicting spectral profiles, bond lengths, and vibrational frequencies, which slightly outperformed M06-2X.
description: 10 figures
Pipistrellus dhofarensis Benda, Reiter, Uhrin & Varadinova 2016
Creators: name: Don E. Wilson
name: Russell A. Mittermeier
Publisher: name: Lynx Edicions
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Chiroptera
Vespertilionidae
Pipistrellus
Pipistrellus dhofarensis

description: 32.
Dhofar Pipistrelle
Pipistrellus dhofarensis
French: Pipistrelle du Dhofar / German: Dhofar-Zwergfledermaus / Spanish: Pipistrela de Dhofar
Taxonomy. Benda et al., 2016,
“ Sultanate of Oman, Dhofar Province, Ain Tabruq spring; 17°06’N, 54°20° E, 115m a.s.l.”
Genetic data place P. dhofarensis close to P. abramus, P. javanicus, and P. coromandra in Asia rather than western Pipistrellus that are closer geographically. Monotypic.
Distribution. From Hawf in SE Yemen to Mirbat in SW Oman.
Descriptive notes. Head—body 46-57 mm, tail 31-42 mm, ear 13-15-3 mm, forearm 33-5-38-4 mm. Dorsum of the Dhofar Pipistrelle has two basic color morphs, grayish brown with slight silvery tinge or reddish brown; venter is markedly paler than dorsum but broadly matches its color scheme. Ears are short, massive, leathery, and nearly triangular in shape, with bluntly rounded tips; tragus is short and broad, curved anteriorly, and 4-8-6-6 mm long. Wing membranes, ears, and face are dark grayish brown, and membranes along bones are slightly paler. Proximal part of uropatagium is covered by sparse hairs in some individuals but bald in others. Glans penis has very distinct medial stripe on dorsalside of foreskin and is covered by very pale hairs. Baculum is long and narrow, being round in central part, with relatively short bifurcations at tip and base, and is straight or slightly curved dorsally on distal one-third ofits length. Skull is robust, and dorsal profile is only slightly convex in frontal region; low sagittal crest is present in some specimens but is not well developed; rostrum is high, long, and broad, both relatively and absolutely; braincase is broad and very high; zygomatic arches are very narrow and fine; both upper incisors are bicuspid; I’ is relatively high; P? is small and displaced from tooth row; C' and P* do not touch but come very close; and lower molars are nyctalodont.
Habitat. Humid savanna habitats at elevations of 59-735 m.
Food and Feeding. No information.
Breeding. No information.
Activity patterns. Call recordings of the Dhofar Pipistrelle had peak frequencies of 37-8-48-6 kHz (mean 42-9 kHz), start frequencies of 46-8-76-7 kHz, end frequencies of 36-1-46-2 kHz, and durations of 2:9-9-6 milliseconds.
Movements, Home range and Social organization. No information.
Status and Conservation. Not assessed on The IUCN Red List. The Dhofar Pipistrelle was only recently described and is currently known only from a small distribution and few specimens.
Bibliography. Benda, Reiter et al. (2016).
description: Published as part of Don E. Wilson & Russell A. Mittermeier, 2019, Vespertilionidae, pp. 716-981 in Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona :Lynx Edicions on page 777, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.6397752
Fixed point theorem for generalized Kannan type mappings
Creators: name: Petrov, Evgeniy
name: Bisht, Ravindra K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Topology (math.GN)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 47H10, Secondary 47H09

description: We introduce a new type of mappings in metric spaces which are three-point analogue of the well-known Kannan type mappings and call them generalized Kannan type mappings. It is shown that in general case such mappings are discontinuous but continuous at fixed points as well as Kannan type mappings and that these two classes of mappings are independent. The fixed-point theorem for generalized Kannan type mappings is proved. Additional conditions of asymptotic regularity and continuity allow us to extent the class of mappings for which the fixed-point theorems hold. Following Kannan, we also obtain two other fixed-point theorems for generalized Kannan type mappings in metric spaces which are not obligatory complete.
description: 19 pages
Analytical Techniques to Support Hospital Case Mix Planning
Creators: name: Burdett, Robert L
name: corry, Paul
name: Cook, David
name: Yarlagadda, Prasad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This article introduces analytical techniques and a decision support tool to support capacity assessment and case mix planning (CMP) approaches previously created for hospitals. First, an optimization model is proposed to analyse the impact of making a change to an existing case mix. This model identifies how other patient types should be altered proportionately to the changing levels of hospital resource availability. Then we propose multi-objective decision-making techniques to compare and critique competing case mix solutions obtained. The proposed techniques are embedded seamlessly within an Excel Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) personal decision support tool (PDST), for performing informative quantitative assessments of hospital capacity. The PDST reports informative metrics of difference and reports the impact of case mix modifications on the other types of patient present. The techniques developed in this article provide a bridge between theory and practice that is currently missing and provides further situational awareness around hospital capacity.
description: 20 pages, 11 tables, 6 figures
Jede Frage, die ein Gutachter, Berater oder Therapeut stellt, ist schon eine Intervention! Lösungsorientierung o d e r Problemorientierung? Kompetenzorientierung o d e r Defizitorientierung?
Creators: name: Himmelreich, Arndt
Publisher: name: Leibniz Institut für Psychologie (ZPID)
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Verkehrspsychologie
subject: Psychoanalyse
subject: Verkehrstherapie
subject: Fahreignungsbegutachtung
subject: Systemtherapie
subject: lösungsorientierte Kurzzeittherapie
subject: Hypnotherapie
subject: Driver Improvement
subject: 150

description: Vortrag von Arndt Himmelreich. Thema: Lösungsorientierung bzw. Problemorientierung in der Verkehrstherapie. Ambivalenz-Coaching: hypno-systemische Methoden zur Erhöhung der Rollen- und Kontextflexibilität durch Offenlegung innerer Konflikte (konstruktive, sinnlich faßbare Externalisierung der "mich innerlich auffressenden Monster") nach Milton H. Erickson und Gunther Schmidt; Balance von lösungsorientierter ("Ab-Lösung von dem hypnotisch starren Blick auf das Problem") mit eben auch der problemorientierten ("Würdigung des Leids") Kurzzeit-Beratung (Gunther Schmidts Veränderung des Modells von Steve de Shazer und Insoo Kim Berg); Kundenorientierung und Erstgespräche in Begutachtungsstellen, Beratungen, Therapien sowie auch in Behörden (Burn-out-Prophylaxe) - Die geschichtlichen Phasen der Fahreignungsdiagnostik in Deutschland (mit Zukunftsprognose): Kann eine Begutachtungssituation (MPU) "therapieähnlich" sein? Quelle: Driver Improvement. 7. Internationaler Kongress. Ausgewählte Beiträge. 8. bis 10. Oktober 2001 in Salzburg. Hg. v. E. Panosch. Veranstaltet von Kuratorium für Verkehrssicherheit (KfV), Wien, Österreich, Bundesanstalt für Straßenwesen (BASt), Bergisch Gladbach, Deutschland, Schweizerische Beratungsstelle für Unfallverhütung (bfu), Bern, Schweiz. [Herausgeber: Kuratorium für Verkehrssicherheit (KfV) am Kuratorium für Schutz und Sicherheit, Wien.] Wien (Druck und Verleger: Kuratorium für Schutz und Sicherheit, Wien) 2002, S. 289-321, pdf-version unter: http://psydok.sulb.uni-saarland.de/volltexte/2005/509/
Exact Steering Bound for Two-Qubit Werner States
Creators: name: Zhang, Yujie
name: Chitambar, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the relationship between projective measurements and positive operator-valued measures (POVMs) in the task of quantum steering. A longstanding open problem in the field has been whether POVMs are more powerful than projective measurements for the steerability of noisy singlet states, which are known as Werner states. We resolve this problem for two-qubit systems and show that the two are equally powerful, thereby closing the so-called Werner gap. Using the incompatible criteria for noisy POVMs and the connection between quantum steering and measurement incompatibility, we construct a local hidden state model for Werner states with Bloch sphere radius $r\leq 1/2$ under general POVMs. This construction also provides a local hidden variable model for a larger range of Werner states than previously known. {In contrast, we also show that projective measurements and POVMs can have inequivalent noise tolerances when using a fixed state ensemble to build different local hidden state models.} These results help clarify the relationship between projective measurements and POVMs for the tasks of quantum steering and nonlocal information processing.
Optimizing Crowd-Aware Multi-Agent Path Finding through Local Communication with Graph Neural Networks
Creators: name: Pham, Phu
name: Bera, Aniket
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Multi-Agent Path Finding (MAPF) in crowded environments presents a challenging problem in motion planning, aiming to find collision-free paths for all agents in the system. MAPF finds a wide range of applications in various domains, including aerial swarms, autonomous warehouse robotics, and self-driving vehicles. Current approaches to MAPF generally fall into two main categories: centralized and decentralized planning. Centralized planning suffers from the curse of dimensionality when the number of agents or states increases and thus does not scale well in large and complex environments. On the other hand, decentralized planning enables agents to engage in real-time path planning within a partially observable environment, demonstrating implicit coordination. However, they suffer from slow convergence and performance degradation in dense environments. In this paper, we introduce CRAMP, a novel crowd-aware decentralized reinforcement learning approach to address this problem by enabling efficient local communication among agents via Graph Neural Networks (GNNs), facilitating situational awareness and decision-making capabilities in congested environments. We test CRAMP on simulated environments and demonstrate that our method outperforms the state-of-the-art decentralized methods for MAPF on various metrics. CRAMP improves the solution quality up to 59% measured in makespan and collision count, and up to 35% improvement in success rate in comparison to previous methods.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables
Enhancing Cross-Dataset Performance of Distracted Driving Detection With Score Softmax Classifier And Dynamic Gaussian Smoothing Supervision
Creators: name: Duan, Cong
name: Liu, Zixuan
name: Xia, Jiahao
name: Zhang, Minghai
name: Liao, Jiacai
name: Cao, Libo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Deep neural networks enable real-time monitoring of in-vehicle drivers, facilitating the timely prediction of distractions, fatigue, and potential hazards. This technology is now integral to intelligent transportation systems. Recent research has exposed unreliable cross-dataset driver behavior recognition due to a limited number of data samples and background noise. In this paper, we propose a Score-Softmax classifier, which reduces the model overconfidence by enhancing category independence. Imitating the human scoring process, we designed a two-dimensional dynamic supervisory matrix consisting of one-dimensional Gaussian-smoothed labels. The dynamic loss descent direction and Gaussian smoothing increase the uncertainty of training to prevent the model from falling into noise traps. Furthermore, we introduce a simple and convenient multi-channel information fusion method;it addresses the fusion issue among arbitrary Score-Softmax classification heads. We conducted cross-dataset experiments using the SFDDD, AUCDD, and the 100-Driver datasets, demonstrating that Score-Softmax improves cross-dataset performance without modifying the model architecture. The experiments indicate that the Score-Softmax classifier reduces the interference of background noise, enhancing the robustness of the model. It increases the cross-dataset accuracy by 21.34%, 11.89%, and 18.77% on the three datasets, respectively. The code is publicly available at https://github.com/congduan-HNU/SSoftmax.
description: This paper has been accepted for IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Vehicles
Directional differentiability for elliptic quasi-variational inequalities of obstacle type
Creators: name: Alphonse, Amal
name: Hintermüller, Michael
name: Rautenberg, Carlos N.
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quasi-variational inequality
subject: obstacle problem
subject: state constraint
subject: conical derivative
subject: directional differentiability
subject: thermoforming
subject: 47J20
subject: 49J40
subject: 49J52
subject: 49J50

description: The directional differentiability of the solution map of obstacle type quasi-variational inequal- ities (QVIs) with respect to perturbations on the forcing term is studied. The classical result of Mignot is then extended to the quasi-variational case under assumptions that allow multiple solu- tions of the QVI. The proof involves selection procedures for the solution set and represents the directional derivative as the limit of a monotonic sequence of directional derivatives associated to specific variational inequalities. Additionally, estimates on the coincidence set and several sim- plifications under higher regularity are studied. The theory is illustrated by a detailed study of an application to thermoforming comprising of modelling, analysis and some numerical experiments.
All near-horizon symmetries of the Schwarzschild black hole in linearised gravity
Creators: name: Aggarwal, Ankit
name: Gaddam, Nava
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Asymptotic symmetries are known to constrain the infrared behaviour of scattering processes in asymptotically flat spacetimes. By the same token, one expects symmetries of the black hole horizon to constrain near-horizon gravitational scattering. In this paper, we take a step towards establishing this connection. We find all near-horizon symmetries that can be potentially relevant to gravitational scattering near the horizon of the Schwarzschild black hole. We study large diffeomorphisms of linearised perturbations of the Schwarzschild black hole in a partial wave basis and in a gauge that allows for gravitational radiation crossing the event horizon. This setup is ideally suited for studying processes involving near-horizon gravitons like scattering and black hole evaporation. We find the most general near-horizon symmetries that are consistent with finite perturbations at the horizon. Since we do not impose any further boundary conditions, these symmetries represent the biggest set of symmetries in this setting. We find the associated covariant charges to be finite and non-zero showing that these symmetries are physical. Interestingly, for a large black hole, the dominant symmetries are just two copies of $ u(1)$.
description: 17 pages. v3: Title modified, physical interpretation of charges added, presentation improved, version accepted for publication. v2: Factor of \kappa corrected in equation 2.4 and in consequently affected equations (results unchanged qualitatively and up to factors of \kappa quantitatively). Added clarifications about the closure of algebra, comparison to the previous work, and references
Extrinsic and intrinsic effects setting viscosity in complex fluids and life processes: the role of fundamental physical constants
Creators: name: Trachenko, K.
name: Tello, P. G.
name: Kauffman, S. A.
name: Succi, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Understanding the values and origin of fundamental physical constants, one of the grandest challenges in modern science, has been discussed in particle physics, astronomy and cosmology. More recently, it was realised that fundamental constants have a bio-friendly window set by life processes involving motion and flow. This window is related to intrinsic fluid properties such as energy and length scales in condensed matter set by fundamental constants. Here, we discuss important extrinsic factors governing the viscosity of complex fluids operating in life processes due to collective effects. We show that both extrinsic and intrinsic factors affecting viscosity need to be taken into account when estimating the bio-friendly range of fundamental constants from life processes, and our discussion provides a straightforward recipe for doing this. We also find that the relative role of extrinsic and intrinsic factors depends on the range of variability of these intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Remarkably, the viscosity of a complex fluid such as blood with significant extrinsic effects is not far from the intrinsic viscosity calculated using the fundamental constants only, and we discuss the reason for this in terms of dynamics of contact points between cells.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2307.05273
Describing the speed of sound peak of isospin-asymmetric cold strongly interacting matter using effective models
Creators: name: Ayala, Alejandro
name: Lopes, Bruno S.
name: Farias, Ricardo L. S.
name: Parra, Luis C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The non-monotonic behavior of the speed of sound for isospin imbalanced strongly interacting matter, found by recent lattice QCD simulations, can be reproduced within the Nambu--Jona-Lasinio model and Linear Sigma Model with quarks when the couplings become isospin chemical potential-dependent. The introduction of medium-dependent couplings can potentially affect the equivalence between the thermodynamic relations and their definitions from statistical mechanics. We describe the procedure to compensate for the introduction of medium-dependent couplings to preserve the correct thermodynamic identities. We find the isospin chemical potential dependence for the couplings from the isospin density LQCD data and, after finding the compensating function to correctly describe the pressure, we show that the description of the square of the speed of sound reported by LQCD is well reproduced when using the found medium-dependent couplings in both models.
description: 18 pages, 7 figures. Replaced to match the published version
D1.5: Minutes Of 2Nd Advisory Board Meetings
Creators: name: Keratidis, Christodoulos
name: Simeonidou, Polimachi
name: Kosmidis, Evangelos
name: Syropoulou, Panagiota
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016

description: The purpose of the current deliverable is to document the liaison that has taken place with the STEP External Expert Advisory Board (EEAB) and the recommendations that these experts have provided to the project consortium from M4 until M14. The first meeting with the EEAB was held in M3, while the most important points discussed during this meeting were reported in D1.2-Minutes of 1st Advisory Board meeting.
Non-destructive Three-dimensional Imaging of Artificially Degraded CdS Paints by Pump-probe Microscopy
Creators: name: Zhou, Yue
name: Grass, David
name: Warren, Warren S.
name: Fischer, Martin C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cadmium sulfide (CdS) pigments have degraded in several well-known paintings, but the mechanisms of degradation have yet to be fully understood. Traditional non-destructive analysis techniques primarily focus on macroscopic degradation, whereas microscopic information is typically obtained with invasive techniques that require sample removal. Here, we demonstrate the use of pump-probe microscopy to nondestructively visualize the three-dimensional structure and degradation progress of CdS pigments in oil paints. CdS pigments, reproduced following historical synthesis methods, were artificially aged by exposure to high relative humidity (RH) and ultraviolet (UV) light. Pump-probe microscopy was applied to track the degradation progress in single grains, and volumetric imaging revealed early CdS degradation of small particles and on the surface of large particles. This indicates that the particle dimension influences the extent and evolution of degradation of historical CdS. In addition, the pump-probe signal decrease in degraded CdS is observable before visible changes to the eye, demonstrating that pump-probe microscopy is a promising tool to detect early-stage degradation in artworks. The observed degradation by pump-probe microscopy occurred through the conversion from CdS into CdSO4.xH2O, verified by both FTIR (Fourier-transform infrared) and XPS (X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy) experiment.
Pipustrellus sturdeei Thomas 1915
Creators: name: Don E. Wilson
name: Russell A. Mittermeier
Publisher: name: Lynx Edicions
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Chiroptera
Vespertilionidae
Pipustrellus
Pipustrellus sturdeei

description: 35.
Sturdee’s Pipistrelle
Pipistrellus sturdeei
French: Pipistrelle de Sturdee / German: Sturdee-Zwergfledermaus / Spanish: Pipistrela de Sturdee
Other common names: Bonin Pipistrelle
Taxonomy. Pipistrellus sturdeei Thomas, 1915,
“Hillsborough Island [= Hahajima],” Bonin Islands, Japan.
Taxonomic affinities of P. sturdeei are currently uncertain because it is known only from a single specimen with uncertainty as to where the type specimen is from and thus where the species might still occur. Monotypic.
Distribution. Hahajima, Bonin Is, Japan.
Descriptive notes. Head-body 37 mm,tail 31 mm, ear 7-7 mm, forearm 30 mm (type specimen). Sturdee’s Pipistrelle is currently known only from the female holotype. Pelage is blackish throughout, and wings are dark brown. Ears are comparatively shorter and rounder than in the Japanese Pipistrelle (P. abramus), inner margin being rounded at base but not prominently convex, and tips are broadly rounded; tragusis similar to that of the Japanese Pipistrelle but shorter with its broadest point being opposite to lower one-third ofits inner margin. Uropatagium extends to just before tail tip as in other Pipistrellus; postcalcarial lobe is narrow. Skull is narrow and delicate; incisors are short, and both upper incisors are bicuspid; I is higher than second cusp of I’; and C' and P* are widely spaced.
Habitat. No information.
Food and Feeding. No information.
Breeding. No information.
Activity patterns. No information.
Movements, Home range and Social organization. No information.
Status and Conservation. Classified as Data Deficient on The IUCN Red List. Sturdee’s Pipistrelle is currently known only from a single specimen collected at the end of the 19 century. It was listed as Extinct in 1996 and 2004 butlisted as Data Deficient in 2006 and 2008 because there is uncertainty regarding where the species might still occur.
Bibliography. Abe et al. (2005), Hill & Harrison (1987), Maeda (2008b), Ohdachi etal. (2009), Yoshiyuki (1989).
description: Published as part of Don E. Wilson & Russell A. Mittermeier, 2019, Vespertilionidae, pp. 716-981 in Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona :Lynx Edicions on pages 778-779, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.6397752
torchdistill Meets Hugging Face Libraries for Reproducible, Coding-Free Deep Learning Studies: A Case Study on NLP
Creators: name: Matsubara, Yoshitomo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Reproducibility in scientific work has been becoming increasingly important in research communities such as machine learning, natural language processing, and computer vision communities due to the rapid development of the research domains supported by recent advances in deep learning. In this work, we present a significantly upgraded version of torchdistill, a modular-driven coding-free deep learning framework significantly upgraded from the initial release, which supports only image classification and object detection tasks for reproducible knowledge distillation experiments. To demonstrate that the upgraded framework can support more tasks with third-party libraries, we reproduce the GLUE benchmark results of BERT models using a script based on the upgraded torchdistill, harmonizing with various Hugging Face libraries. All the 27 fine-tuned BERT models and configurations to reproduce the results are published at Hugging Face, and the model weights have already been widely used in research communities. We also reimplement popular small-sized models and new knowledge distillation methods and perform additional experiments for computer vision tasks.
description: Accepted at the 3rd Workshop for Natural Language Processing Open Source Software (NLP-OSS) at EMNLP 2023
Spectroscopy and Annihilation Decay Widths of Charmonium and Bottomonium Excitations
Creators: name: A., Christas Mony
name: Dhir, Rohit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the charmonium ($c\bar{c}$) and bottomonium ($b\bar{b}$) spectra, using Cornell potential with additional constant potential term in a non-relativistic framework, with spin-dependent corrections corresponding to the spin-spin, spin-orbit, and tensor interactions added perturbatively. We predict the masses of low-lying and excited states of charmonium and bottomonium up to $n=6$ and $L=2$. We analyze the radial and orbital Regge trajectories of both the systems and investigate their departure from linearity. Further, we estimate the wave function at the origin and, consequently, predict the decay widths of charmonium and bottomonium states annihilating to leptons and photons. Also, we investigate the effect of scale dependence of the wave function at the origin and the strong coupling constant on the predictions of annihilation decay widths. We compare our predictions of heavy quarkonium spectra and decay widths with experimental results and other theoretical models.
description: 54 pages, 9 figures, 9 tables, Revised version
Monogamy relations for relativistically causal correlations
Creators: name: Weilenmann, Mirjam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Non-signalling conditions encode minimal requirements that any (quantum) systems put into spatial arrangements must satisfy in order to be consistent with special relativity. Recent works have argued that in scenarios involving more that two parties, conditions compatible with relativistic causality do not have to satisfy all possible non-signalling conditions but only a subset of them. Here we show that correlations satisfying only this subset of constraints have to satisfy highly non-local monogamy relations between the effects of space-like separated random variables. These monogamy relations take the form of new entropic inequalities between the various systems and we give a general method to derive them. Using these monogamy relations we refute previous suggestions for physical mechanisms that could lead to relativistically causal correlations, demonstrating that such mechanisms would lead to superluminal signalling.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures