cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Dementia in Victorian Prisons: Estimating the Prevalence and Experience of Undetected Diagnoses Suggestive of Dementia in a Sample of Older Prisoners
Creators: name: Kofoed, Ella Louise
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: The prison population is ageing, bringing with it significant challenges for managing age-related illnesses, like dementia. Prisoners are an already vulnerable population with unique health concerns which may increase their chances of developing dementia. The prison environment makes managing dementia for prisoners particularly challenging, but important to address. This thesis explores dementia in Victorian prisons through establishing an estimate of the prevalence of dementia in prisoner cohorts, through exploring the experience of prison for older prisoners and through assessing staff's ability to detect and support prisoners with dementia. This research is a crucial first step to ensuring appropriate service delivery.
Deprescribing Proton Pump Inhibitors
Creators: name: Therapeutics Initiative (University Of British Columbia)
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2023

description: Therapeutics Letter 111 explores deprescribing of proton pump inhibitors. Conclusions: Many patients take PPIs well beyond the recommended course of treatment. This incurs inconvenience, costs and potential for harms. Do not prescribe or renew PPIs without a well-documented indication and therapeutic goal. Write the indication and duration of therapy in the directions, to ensure this appears on the prescription label. Consider deprescribing PPIs after 4 weeks of treatment when symptoms have resolved. Start with reduced dose or a longer interval, switching to on-demand dosing or discontinuation when successful. Patients capable of “chasing” a dose with water to facilitate stomach emptying can consider dose-splitting to save money. Informed patient consent and a strategy to deal with recurrent symptoms enhance success. For more information, consult the high-quality resources shown below.
Tenagobia (Schadeogobia) schadei Lundblad 1928
Creators: name: Santos, Suzane Evaristo Dos
name: Barbosa, Julianna Freires
name: Moreira, Felipe Ferraz Figueiredo
name: Couceiro, Sheyla Regina Marques
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Micronectidae
Tenagobia
Tenagobia schadei

description: Tenagobia (Schadeogobia) schadei Lundblad, 1928
(Fig. 7A–B)
Tenagobia schadei Lundblad, 1928b: 23 (original description)
Tenagobia hungerfordi Deay, 1930: 177 (synonym by Nieser 1977)
Tenagobia (Schadeogobia) schadei: Nieser (1977): 44 (subgeneric placement)
Distribution. Argentina (Bachmann 1962a). Bolivia (Deay 1935). Brazil: Amazonas, Mato Grosso (Nieser 1975, 1977), Mato Grosso do Sul (Deay 1930), Minas Gerais (Nieser & Melo 1997; Melo & Nieser 2004; Pelli et al. 2006; Souza et al. 2006), Pará (Nieser 1977; present study), Pernambuco (Jaczewski 1933), São Paulo (Nieser & Melo 1997), Tocantins (Nieser 1975, 1977). Colombia (Roback & Nieser 1974). Ecuador (Nieser 1977). Paraguay (Lundblad 1928b). Suriname (Nieser 1975).
Distribution in Pará. Curuá (present study), Jacareacanga, Óbidos/Oriximiná (Nieser 1977), Santarém (present study).
Material examined. Brazil, Pará, Município de Curuá, Igarapé da Neca, 01°51'59" S; 55°09'57" W, 27/IX/2022, S.E. Santos col. (16 ♂, 14 ♀); Barragem Mª Raimunda, 01°46'19" S; 55°09'01" W, 28/IX/2022, S.E. Santos col. (3 ♂, 2 ♀). Município de Santarém, Igarapé Juá, 02°26'40"S; 54°47'21"W, 28-29/IX/2023 (Pensilvânia), L.A. Oliveira col. (56 ♂, 67 ♀).
description: Published as part of Santos, Suzane Evaristo Dos, Barbosa, Julianna Freires, Moreira, Felipe Ferraz Figueiredo & Couceiro, Sheyla Regina Marques, 2025, Corixoidea and Notonectidae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Nepomorpha) of Pará, Brazil, with new records from the western portion of the state, pp. 275-304 in Zootaxa 5627 (2) on page 281, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5627.2.3, http://zenodo.org/record/15325988
Supplementary document for Ultraviolet-to-millimeter-band supercontinua driven by ultrashort mid-infrared laser pulses - 4226713.pdf
Creators: name: Mitrofanov, Alexander
name: Sidorov-Biryukov, Dmitry
name: Nazarov, Maxim
name: Voronin, Aleksandr
name: Rozhko, Mikhail
name: Shutov, Anton
name: Ryabchuk, Sergey
name: Serebryannikov, Evgenii
name: Fedotov, Andrey
name: Zheltikov, Aleksei
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2020
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Ultraviolet-to-millimeter-band supercontinua
Effects of initial boost with TGF-beta 1 and grade of intervertebral disc degeneration on 3D culture of human annulus fibrosus cells
Creators: name: Hegewald, Aldemar Andres
name: Cluzel, Jessie
name: Krüger, Jan Philipp
name: Endres, Michaela
name: Kaps, Christian
name: Thomé, Claudius
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Background Three-dimensional (3D) culture in porous biomaterials as well as stimulation with growth factors are known to be supportive for intervertebral disc cell differentiation and tissue formation. Unless sophisticated releasing systems are used, however, effective concentrations of growth factors are maintained only for a very limited amount of time in in vivo applications. Therefore, we investigated, if an initial boost with transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta 1) is capable to induce a lasting effect of superior cartilaginous differentiation in slightly and severely degenerated human annulus fibrosus (AF) cells. Methods Human AF tissue was harvested during surgical treatment of six adult patients with lumbar spinal diseases. Grading of disc degeneration was performed with magnet resonance imaging. AF cells were isolated and expanded in monolayer culture and rearranged three- dimensionally in a porous biomaterial consisting of stepwise absorbable poly- glycolic acid and poly-(lactic-co-glycolic) acid and a supportive fine net of non-absorbable polyvinylidene fluoride. An initial boost of TGF-beta 1 or TGF- beta 1 and hyaluronan was applied and compared with controls. Matrix formation was assessed at days 7 and 21 by (1) histological staining of the typical extracellular matrix molecules proteoglycan and type I and type II collagens and by (2) real-time gene expression analysis of aggrecan, decorin, biglycan, type I, II, III, and X collagens as well as of catabolic matrix metalloproteinases MMP-2 and MMP-13. Results An initial boost with TGF-beta 1 or TGF-beta 1 and hyaluronan did not enhance the expression of characteristic AF matrix molecules in our 3D culture system. AF cells showed high viability in the progressively degrading biomaterial. Stratification by grade of intervertebral disc degeneration showed that AF cells from both, slightly degenerated, or severely degenerated tissue are capable of significant up- regulations of characteristic matrix molecules in 3D culture. AF cells from severely degenerated tissue, however, displayed significantly lower up- regulations in some matrix molecules such as aggrecan. Conclusions We failed to show a supportive effect of an initial boost with TGF-beta 1 in our 3D culture system. This underlines the need for further investigations on growth factor releasing systems.
Safety and in vivo immune assessment of escalating doses of oral laquinimod in patients with RRMS
Creators: name: Ziemssen, Tjalf
name: Tumani, Hayrettin
name: Sehr, Tony
name: Thomas, Katja
name: Paul, Friedemann
name: Richter, Nils
name: Samara, Emil
name: Spiegelstein, Ofer [U.A.]
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Laquinimod
subject: Multiple sclerosis
subject: Safety
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: slanDC
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Background Laquinimod is an oral immunomodulator in clinical development to treat relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). Laquinimod is in clinical development for the treatment of multiple sclerosis and Huntington Disease (HD). The objective of this study is to assess the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics (PK) and cytoimmunologic effects following escalating doses of laquinimod in patients with RRMS. Methods One hundred twelve patients were randomly assigned to laquinimod/placebo in a series of separate dose- escalating cohorts starting from a daily oral dose of 0.9 mg/1.2 mg escalating to 2.7 mg, in 0.3 mg increments. Results Twenty-eight patients received placebo and 84 received laquinimod ranging from 0.9 to 2.7 mg. No deaths occurred. One serious adverse event (SAE) of perichondritis was reported, which was unrelated to laquinimod (0.9 mg). There was no increased incidence of adverse events (AEs) with escalating doses. Laquinimod-treated patients showed more abnormal laboratory levels in liver enzymes, P-amylase, C-reactive protein (CRP), and fibrinogen, but most shifts were clinically non- significant. The exposure of laquinimod was dose proportional and linear in the tested dose range. An immunological substudy showed significant dose- dependent decreases in 6-sulpho LacNAc + dendritic cell (slanDC) frequency following laquinimod compared to placebo. Conclusion Laquinimod doses up to 2.7 mg were safely administered to patients with RRMS. An in vivo effect of laquinimod on the innate immune system was demonstrated. Trial registration EudraCT Number: 2009-011234-99. Registered 23 June 2009.
title: Bürgerdialog GesprächStoff Ressourcen 2019-2020
title: Bürgerdialog GesprächStoff Ressourcen 2019-2020
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Kanthak, Judit
name: Huck, Sabine
name: Hanzlik, Daniel
Publisher: name: Umweltbundesamt
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Bürgerbeteiligung
subject: Ressourceneffizienzprogramm
subject: Ressourcennutzung
subject: Ressourceneffizienz
subject: Bürgerdialog
subject: Abfall | Ressourcen

description: BMU und UBA veranstalteten 2019-2020 den Bürgerdialog "GesprächStoff Ressourcen". In zwei Bürgerwerkstätten, in einer Jugendwerkstatt und in einem anschließenden Onlinedialog diskutierten zufällig ausgewählte Bürgerinnen und Bürger Maßnahmenvorschläge aus dem Entwurf des Deutschen Ressourceneffizienzprogramms (ProgRess III). Die Broschüre schildert den Ablauf des Bürgerdialogs, vermittelt Daten und Fakten zur Zufallsauswahl, gibt einen Einblick in die inhaltliche Diskussion und beschreibt die Empfehlungen der Bürgerinnen und Bürger. Die Ergebnisse sind für an Bürgerbeteiligung interessierten Akteure der Bundespolitik von Bedeutung. "GesprächStoff Ressourcen" macht deutlich, wie passende Dialogformate und ansprechende Moderation eine Vielfalt an Meinungen unter ein Hut bringen können. Quelle: www.umweltbundesamt.de
description: ⁠BMU⁠ und ⁠UBA⁠ veranstalteten 2019-2020 den Bürgerdialog „GesprächStoff Ressourcen“. In zwei Bürgerwerkstätten, in einer Jugendwerkstatt und in einem anschließenden Onlinedialog diskutierten zufällig ausgewählte Bürgerinnen und Bürger Maßnahmenvorschläge aus dem Entwurf des Deutschen Ressourceneffizienzprogramms (ProgRess III).Die Broschüre schildert den Ablauf des Bürgerdialogs, vermittelt Daten und Fakten zur Zufallsauswahl, gibt einen Einblick in die inhaltliche Diskussion und beschreibt die Empfehlungen der Bürgerinnen und Bürger.Die Ergebnisse sind für an Bürgerbeteiligung interessierten Akteure der Bundespolitik von Bedeutung.„GesprächStoff Ressourcen“ macht deutlich, wie passende Dialogformate und ansprechende Moderation eine Vielfalt an Meinungen unter ein Hut bringen können.
title: Aportación de Angio TC de Troncos supaórticos al manejo de los pacientes  con estenosis carotídea  valorada  con  ecodoppler TSA
Creators: name: CASADO MORAGON Luis Martín, Luiis Martin
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Arteriosclerosis
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Ultrasound-Colour Doppler
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: MR-Angiography
subject: Vascular

description: Objetivo docente
Revisión del tema
Conclusiones
description: Objetivo docente:
Mostrar mediante imágenes con reconstrucciones 2D,3D y análisis vascular,
la aportación del estudio de ANGIO-TC carotídeo a aquellos casos en los que el estudio con ecodoppler TSA identifica áreas de estenosis cuantificable por encima del...
Prototyping in Smart Product Development: Exploring New Approaches for Low-Fidelity Prototyping to Enhance Communication Across Disciplines
Creators: name: Wang, Jing
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: This research investigates the challenges in designing smart products arising from advancements in technology and the need for greater interdisciplinary collaboration. It focuses on improving low-fidelity prototyping tools to support communication among designers from different disciplines. By proposing a framework to compare designers' preferences for prototyping tools and developing a new approach based on their needs, the study enhances understanding of how different disciplines collaborate effectively in smart product development. This contributes to facilitating interdisciplinary communication and advancing the field of smart product design in the early stages, benefiting both researchers and practitioners in creating innovative and user-centred products.
title: Cabeza y cuello. Utilidad de la difusión.
Creators: name: Vicente Olabarria, Iñigo
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: MR
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: Outcomes analysis
subject: Neoplasia

description: Objetivo docente
Revisión del tema
Conclusiones
description: Objetivo docente:
Las lesiones palpables y no palpables de cabeza y cuello han sido frecuentemente estudiadas hasta el presente,
mediante CT y secuencias convencionales de RM.
Enalgunas ocasiones las lesiones pueden tener un carácter indeterminado,
pudiendo otras...
Innovative approaches to column confinement.
Creators: name: Grira, Mongi Ben M.
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Engineering, Civil.

description: Reinforced concrete columns subjected to strong earthquakes may experience inelastic deformations. Inelastic deformability of these columns is of utmost importance for overall strength and stability of structures. Column deformability may be increased through confinement of core concrete. Conventional confinement reinforcement for square mid rectangular columns consist of closely spaced perimeter hoops, overlapping hoops, and crossties. The confinement steel requirements of current building codes often result in high volumetric ratios of transverse reinforcement which may lead to the congestion of column cages, which may result in concrete placement problems. An alternative to conventional transverse reinforcement is to use welded reinforcement steel grids (WRG) prefabricated to the required size and amount of steel, double headed studs (DHS) made of high-strength steel with conventional perimeter hoops, or Fiber Reinforced Plastic (FRP) grids. An experimental investigation was conducted to evaluate physical and mechanical properties of the new confinement reinforcement. Column tests were conducted to investigate structural performance of concrete columns reinforced with WRG, DHS, or FRP grids. Thirty-one large-scale columns with different volumetric ratios, spacings, and arrangements of confinement reinforcement were tested under simulated seismic loading. Test results indicate that the welded reinforcement grids can be used effectively as confinement reinforcement provided that the steel used has sufficient ductility and the welding process employed does not alter the strength and elongation characteristics of steel. The experimental program met these requirements and showed 7% to 10% strains prior to failure. Concrete columns confined with double head snub and conventional perimeter hoops also showed ductile behavior, developing lateral drifts of 4% to 6% prior to a significant loss in moment capacity, depending on the degree of confinement provided. The failure of these columns was characterized by the sudden opening of the 135-degree hooks of perimeter hoops followed by the crushing of core concrete and buckling of longitudinal bars. In addition, test results indicated also that concrete columns properly confined with fiber reinforced plastic grids showed ductile response and behaved as well as the companion columns confined with welded steel grids. The research program also included analysis of columns tested in the experimental phase. A rational analytical model was developed for buckling of longitudinal reinforcement in columns. The model was incorporated in the analytical procedure to compute the ultimate deformation capacity of concrete columns, many of which failed due to bar buckling. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
X-ray imaging and electron temperature evolution in laser-driven magnetic reconnection experiments at the National Ignition Facility
Creators: name: Valenzuela-Villaseca, V.
name: Molina, J. M.
name: Schaeffer, D. B.
name: Malko, S.
name: Griff-McMahon, J.
name: Lezhnin, K.
name: Rosenberg, M. J.
name: Hu, S. X.
name: Kalantar, D.
name: Trosseille, C.
name: Park, H. -S.
name: Remington, B. A.
name: Fiksel, G.
name: Uzdensky, D.
name: Bhattacharjee, A.
name: Fox, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results from X-ray imaging of high-aspect-ratio magnetic reconnection experiments driven at the National Ignition Facility. Two parallel, self-magnetized, elongated laser-driven plumes are produced by tiling 40 laser beams. A magnetic reconnection layer is formed by the collision of the plumes. A gated X-ray framing pinhole camera with micro-channel plate (MCP) detector produces multiple images through various filters of the formation and evolution of both the plumes and current sheet. As the diagnostic integrates plasma self-emission along the line of sight, 2-dimensional electron temperature maps $\langle T_e \rangle_Y$ are constructed by taking the ratio of intensity of these images obtained with different filters. The plumes have a characteristic temperature $\langle T_e \rangle_Y = 240 \pm 20$ eV at 2 ns after the initial laser irradiation and exhibit a slow cooling up to 4 ns. The reconnection layer forms at 3 ns with a temperature $\langle T_e \rangle_Y = 280 \pm 50$ eV as the result of the collision of the plumes. The error bars of the plumes and current sheet temperatures separate at $4$ ns, showing the heating of the current sheet from colder inflows. Using a semi-analytical model, we find that the observed heating of the current sheet is consistent with being produced by electron-ion drag, rather than the conversion of magnetic to kinetic energy.
description: Submitted to Physics of Plasmas. 19 pages (total), 14 figures, 2 tables
title: AngioTC de arterias cerebrales: Comparación de dosis de radiación y calidad de imagen en estudios con energía dual y convencionales.
Creators: name: Silva Priegue, Noelia
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: Head and neck
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: Comparative studies

description: Objetivos
Material y método
Resultados
Conclusiones
description: Objetivos:
Introducción: La energía dual se fundamenta en que cada material tiene una diferencia de atenuación específica entre dos energías (80 y 140 Kv). Permite separar y clasificar los materiales que tienen número atómico diferente. Basándonos en...
Supplementary document for Polarization-sensitive reconstruction of transient local THz fields at dielectric interfaces - 4228886.pdf
Creators: name: Waltar, Kay
name: Haase, Johannes
name: Pan, Rui
name: Golz, Torsten
name: Kliuiev, Pavel
name: Weinl, Michael
name: Schreck, Matthias
name: Bajt, Saša
name: Stojanovic, Nikola
name: van Bokhoven, Jeroen
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2025
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supplementary Information
Supplementary document for Visible nonlinear photonics via high-order-mode dispersion engineering - 4220851.pdf
Creators: name: Zhao, Yun
name: Ji, Xingchen
name: Kim, Bok Young
name: Donvalkar, Prathamesh
name: Jang, Jae
name: Joshi, Chaitanya
name: Yu, Mengjie
name: Joshi, Chaitali
name: DOMENEGUETTI, Renato
name: Barbosa, Felippe
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2020
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supplemental Document
Supplementary document for Real time observation of electronic, vibrational, and rotational dynamics in nitric oxide with attosecond soft X-ray pulses at 400 eV - 4203916.pdf
Creators: name: Saito, Nariyuki
name: Sannohe, Hiroki
name: Ishii, Nobuhisa
name: Kanai, Teruto
name: Kosugi, Nobuhiro
name: Wu, Yi
name: Chew, Andrew
name: Han, Seunghwoi
name: Chang, Zenghu
name: Itatani, Jiro
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2019
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supplementary document
Excitation of nonlinear second order betatron sidebands for Knock Out slow extraction at the third-integer resonance
Creators: name: Niedermayer, Philipp
name: Singh, Rahul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Radio Frequency Knock Out resonant slow extraction is a standard method for extracting stored particle beams from synchrotrons by transverse excitation. Classically, the beam is excited with an RF field comprising a frequency band around one of the betatron sidebands. This article demonstrates that the third-integer resonance commonly used for the slow extraction induces nonlinear motion, resulting in the appearance of additional sidebands of higher order at multiples of the betatron tune. Measured and simulated beam spectra are presented, revealing these sidebands and the beam's response to being excited at first and second order sidebands. The feasibility of using a second order sideband for the purpose of slow extraction is demonstrated. This results in a significant improvement in the temporal structure (spill quality) of the extracted beam, but at the cost of higher excitation power requirements. This is observed both experimentally and in tracking simulations. The mechanism behind the observed improvement is explained using beam dynamics simulations.
A basic structure of human existence and the dying process.
Creators: name: Walford, Virginia Lynn.
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 1991
Subjects: subject: Psychology, General.

description: This thesis suggests a metatheoretical frame of reference for the dying process, a perspective that differs considerably from the stage theories postulated by other authors. These stage theories and other approaches are highlighted and their shortcomings and limitations reviewed and discussed. This thesis proposes that the concept of temporality can overcome the identified shortcomings and provide a more comprehensive framework for clinical intervention. Temporality refers to an integration of past, present and future in a person's existence. The dynamic interchange among these modes of time has profound implications in a person's experiencing of life and death. This thesis takes the traditional notions of denial and acceptance and redefines them using the concept of temporality. Using this basic structure to understand the dying process enables an understanding of how meaning is created. Implications for the management of the temporal structure of experience are discussed along with clinical examples. Future directions for incorporating this framework are proposed.
Notonectidae Latreille 1802
Creators: name: Santos, Suzane Evaristo Dos
name: Barbosa, Julianna Freires
name: Moreira, Felipe Ferraz Figueiredo
name: Couceiro, Sheyla Regina Marques
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Notonectidae

description: Notonectidae
Comments. Truxal (1953) recorded Buenoa communis Truxal, 1953 from Pará based on specimens collected by A.M. Olalla in “Lago Grande”. The Lago Grande where Olalla collected is in western Amazonas state, not in Pará (Patterson 1992). Due to the lack of other records from the latter state, this species is excluded from the list below. Truxal (1953) also recorded the same species from the state of Paraíba based on specimens collected by Olalla in “João Pessoa, River Juruá”. This locality is near the Lago Grande in western Amazonas state, not in Paraíba (Patterson 1992).
description: Published as part of Santos, Suzane Evaristo Dos, Barbosa, Julianna Freires, Moreira, Felipe Ferraz Figueiredo & Couceiro, Sheyla Regina Marques, 2025, Corixoidea and Notonectidae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Nepomorpha) of Pará, Brazil, with new records from the western portion of the state, pp. 275-304 in Zootaxa 5627 (2) on page 282, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5627.2.3, http://zenodo.org/record/15325988
Bias and Unfairness in Information Retrieval Systems: New Challenges in the LLM Era
Creators: name: Dai, Sunhao
name: Xu, Chen
name: Xu, Shicheng
name: Pang, Liang
name: Dong, Zhenhua
name: Xu, Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: With the rapid advancements of large language models (LLMs), information retrieval (IR) systems, such as search engines and recommender systems, have undergone a significant paradigm shift. This evolution, while heralding new opportunities, introduces emerging challenges, particularly in terms of biases and unfairness, which may threaten the information ecosystem. In this paper, we present a comprehensive survey of existing works on emerging and pressing bias and unfairness issues in IR systems when the integration of LLMs. We first unify bias and unfairness issues as distribution mismatch problems, providing a groundwork for categorizing various mitigation strategies through distribution alignment. Subsequently, we systematically delve into the specific bias and unfairness issues arising from three critical stages of LLMs integration into IR systems: data collection, model development, and result evaluation. In doing so, we meticulously review and analyze recent literature, focusing on the definitions, characteristics, and corresponding mitigation strategies associated with these issues. Finally, we identify and highlight some open problems and challenges for future work, aiming to inspire researchers and stakeholders in the IR field and beyond to better understand and mitigate bias and unfairness issues of IR in this LLM era. We also consistently maintain a GitHub repository for the relevant papers and resources in this rising direction at https://github.com/KID-22/LLM-IR-Bias-Fairness-Survey.
description: KDD 2024 Tutorial&Survey; Tutorial Website: https://llm-ir-bias-fairness.github.io/
Towards Secure and Trusted AI Systems: Techniques and Applications of Adversarial Machine Learning
Creators: name: Ma, Wanlun
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: The rapid integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems across diverse domains has led to transformative advancements, accompanied by substantial concerns about their security and trustworthiness. This thesis explores how to make AI systems more secure and trustworthy. It introduces methods to 1) detect backdoor attacks that compromise the model integrity, 2) protect the privacy of training data, 3) ensure accountability of AI code generater, and 4) safeguard personal data from unauthorized use. By addressing these critical issues, the research aims to enhance the security and reliability of AI technologies, ultimately benefiting society by fostering more secure and trustworthy AI applications.
Supplementary document for Polarization-sensitive reconstruction of transient local THz fields at dielectric interfaces - 4228886.pdf
Creators: name: Waltar, Kay
name: Haase, Johannes
name: Pan, Rui
name: Golz, Torsten
name: Kliuiev, Pavel
name: Weinl, Michael
name: Schreck, Matthias
name: Bajt, Saša
name: Stojanovic, Nikola
name: van Bokhoven, Jeroen
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2019
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supplementary Information
Three essays on unit root tests and cointegration: Theory and applications
Creators: name: Liu, Hui
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Economics, Theory.

description: This dissertation includes three essays on unit root tests and cointegration. The first essay uses econometric tools to explore the possible causes of global warming. By examining the time series properties of the global mean temperature, solar irradiance and greenhouse gases, it finds static long-run steady-state and dynamic long-run steady-state relations between temperature and radiative forcing of solar irradiance and a set of three greenhouse gas series. Estimates of the adjustment coefficients indicate that temperature series is error correcting around 5% to 65% of the disequilibria each year, depending on the type of the long-run relation. The estimates of the I(1) and I(2) trends indicate that they are driven by linear combinations of three greenhouse gases and their loadings indicate strong impact on the temperature series. The equilibrium temperature change for a doubling of carbon dioxide is between 2.15 and 3.40 Celsius degree, which is in agreement with past literature and the report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change using fifteen different general circulation models. The second essay examines the effect of random initial condition on the power of unit root tests. It develops the test statistics in the context of unknown structural change models using generalized least square detrended data when the initial observation is drawn from its unconditional distribution. It derives the limiting distributions of M-tests, ADF test and a family of feasible point optimal tests. Using two methods to estimate the break point, this study calculates the power envelopes and asymptotic power functions, and compares them with the case where the initial condition is fixed. Finite sample Monte Carlo simulations under various forms of error processes are performed using different lag length selection methods. Empirical applications are also provided. The third essay employs a multivariate framework to improve the power of unit root tests. In the context of unknown structural change models, it shows that when testing for a unit root against stationarity with an unknown structural break, substantial power gains can be achieved by incorporating extra information contained in an arbitrary number of covariates. The power gains are dependent on the long-run correlations between the shocks of covariates and quasi-differences of potentially integrated time series. The higher correlation between covariates and quasi-differences of time series, the higher power gains can be realized. A feasible statistic to estimate the unknown correlation is also derived. In finite sample experiments, Monte Carlo simulation results confirm large power improvements without size deteriorations.
Runtime Verification and Field-based Testing for ROS-based Robotic Systems
Creators: name: Caldas, Ricardo
name: Garcia, Juan Antonio Pinera
name: Schiopu, Matei
name: Pelliccione, Patrizio
name: Rodrigues, Genaina
name: Berger, Thorsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Robotic systems are becoming pervasive and adopted in increasingly many domains, such as manufacturing, healthcare, and space exploration. To this end, engineering software has emerged as a crucial discipline for building maintainable and reusable robotic systems. The robotics software engineering research field has received increasing attention, fostering autonomy as a fundamental goal. However, robotics developers are still challenged to achieve this goal because simulation cannot realistically deliver solutions to emulate real-world phenomena. Robots also need to operate in unpredictable and uncontrollable environments, which require safe and trustworthy self-adaptation capabilities implemented in software. Typical techniques to address the challenges are runtime verification, field-based testing, and mitigation techniques that enable fail-safe solutions. However, no clear guidance exists for architecting ROS-based systems to enable and facilitate runtime verification and field-based testing. This paper aims to fill this gap by providing guidelines to help developers and quality assurance (QA) teams develop, verify, or test their robots in the field. These guidelines are carefully tailored to address the challenges and requirements of testing robotics systems in real-world scenarios. We conducted (i) a literature review on studies addressing runtime verification and field-based testing for robotic systems, (ii) mined ROS-based applications repositories, and (iii) validated the applicability, clarity, and usefulness via two questionnaires with 55 answers overall. We contribute 20 guidelines: 8 for developers and 12 for QA teams formulated for researchers and practitioners in robotic software engineering. Finally, we map our guidelines to open challenges in runtime verification and field-based testing for ROS-based systems, and we outline promising research directions in the field.
Transfer towards climate neutrality - from LCA to a business case
Creators: name: Garvens, Hans-Jürgen
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2022

description: Climate Change Mitigation is high on the agenda. It has been a scientific issues the last years, politics and industry have taken the challenge. Lots of funding and grants are available, engineers are looking into their toolboxes finding some old and many new solutions. We are right at the very start of another industrial revolution â€Ì the transfer towards climate neutrality. In the early stages of development many data are still lacking, so LCA might assist to some extent, but not as good as assessing mature industrial processes. On examples of green steel, synthetic fuels and other carbon capture and utilization (CCU) applications we learned that renewable electricity is the key issue to all decarbonisation or defossilisation projects. No future material processes can greenhouse gas (GHG)-efficiently produce without sufficient build-up of renewable energy capacities including transportation capacities of that energy. The fast build-up of wind and solar power is even more important, than any material or energy carrier process development. In Life Cycle Assessments assisting the transfer, we should not account for green electricity certificates, if they are bought. Only if new capacities were built up for new electricity demands, decarbonization can be achieved. © The Authors
Variations in local calcium signaling in adjacent cardiac myocytes of the intact mouse heart detected with two-dimensional confocal microscopy
Creators: name: Hammer, Karin P.
name: Hohendanner, Felix
name: Blatter, Lothar A.
name: Pieske, Burkert M.
name: Heinzel, Frank R.
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Dyssynchronous local Ca release within individual cardiac myocytes has been linked to cellular contractile dysfunction. Differences in Ca kinetics in adjacent cells may also provide a substrate for inefficient contraction and arrhythmias. In a new approach we quantify variation in local Ca transients between adjacent myocytes in the whole heart. Langendorff-perfused mouse hearts were loaded with Fluo-8 AM to detect Ca and Di-4-ANEPPS to visualize cell membranes. A spinning disc confocal microscope with a fast camera allowed us to record Ca signals within an area of 465 μm by 315 μm with an acquisition speed of 55 fps. Images from multiple transients recorded at steady state were registered to their time point in the cardiac cycle to restore averaged local Ca transients with a higher temporal resolution. Local Ca transients within and between adjacent myocytes were compared with regard to amplitude, time to peak and decay at steady state stimulation (250 ms cycle length). Image registration from multiple sequential Ca transients allowed reconstruction of high temporal resolution (2.4 ± 1.3 ms) local CaT in 2D image sets (N = 4 hearts, n = 8 regions). During steady state stimulation, spatial Ca gradients were homogeneous within cells in both directions and independent of distance between measured points. Variation in CaT amplitudes was similar across the short and the long side of neighboring cells. Variations in TAU and TTP were similar in both directions. Isoproterenol enhanced the CaT but not the overall pattern of spatial heterogeneities. Here we detected and analyzed local Ca signals in intact mouse hearts with high temporal and spatial resolution, taking into account 2D arrangement of the cells. We observed significant differences in the variation of CaT amplitude along the long and short axis of cardiac myocytes. Variations of Ca signals between neighboring cells may contribute to the substrate of cardiac remodeling.
Liberalism and the virtues
Creators: name: MacLean, Jayson R
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Philosophy.

description: This thesis argues for a new understanding of liberal morality and its relationship to liberal justice. Traditionally, theorists of liberal democracy have relegated the liberal virtues---traits such as tolerance, reasonableness, and fairness---to a secondary role within the theory and practice of liberal justice. Their reasoning for this is clear: the virtues prescribe a vision of the good life, while the aim of the liberal approach to statecraft is to limit government authority over citizens' conceptions of the good. Thus, to give the liberal virtues primacy of place within the theory of justice---and, specifically, within the justification for this theory---would stand in contravention of this basic liberal tenet. The argument of this thesis is that liberal theorists have misrepresented the virtues and that this has caused the neglect of the foundational role which the ideal of civic virtue plays within both the theory and practice of liberal democracy. This argument is advanced through an explication of the theories put forward by contemporary liberal theorists who focus on the import of liberal virtue. Their approaches to virtue are shown to consistently rest on a justification of liberal virtue as an instrumental good for the liberal polity. The claim of this thesis, however, is that the virtues are rightly justified as intrinsic liberal goods. This claim is supported through appeal to insights produced in another branch of philosophy, virtue theory. Similar to their predicament within the political theory of the modern era, the virtues have been downplayed in the field of ethics as well, and only within the past few decades have philosophers begun to reinvestigate the virtues for their distinctive strengths and weaknesses. This thesis argues that the fruits of these investigations prove relevant to liberal theory in that they not only help make a case for the appropriateness of the declaration that the liberal virtues are, in fact, intrinsic goods but also they point to a new approach to liberal morality and, hence, to a new dialogue on the issues of liberal citizenship and liberal civic education.
Superinvolutions of associative superalgebras
Creators: name: Jaber, Ameer Ahmad Abdallah
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Mathematics.

description: In the first part of this thesis, we study the existence of superinvolutions of both kinds on finite dimensional central simple superalgebras. We study the group of automorphisms of a central simple associative superalgebra with superinvolution, and then study the group of automorphisms for two examples in detail. In the second part, we give the definition of projective supermodules; it is used to study separable superalgebras over super-commutative super-rings. We prove that a central separable superalgebra over a given field is a finite dimensional central simple superalgebra over the field and vice versa. We also present the fundamental theory of separable superalgebras, with the attendant theory of the Brauer-Wall group of supercommutative super-ring. Finally, we give the definition of superinvolutions of central separable superalgebras, and then extend two results on involutions of central separable algebras proved by D. J. Saltman.
Supplementary document for Two-dimensional topological quantum walks in the momentum space of structured light - 4237518.pdf
Creators: name: D'Errico, Alessio
name: Cardano, Filippo
name: Maffei, Maria
name: Dauphin, Alexandre
name: BARBOZA, Raouf
name: Esposito, Chiara
name: Piccirillo, Bruno
name: Lewenstein, Maciej
name: Massignan, Pietro
name: Marrucci, Lorenzo
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2025
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: .zip file containing the latex file and figures
OUT COME BASED EDUCATION TOWARDS THE IMPACT OF STUDENT LEARNING
Creators: name: Dr. Kotra Balayogi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: The present study examines the implementation of Outcome Based Education (OBE) in education system and its impact on 21st century student learning outcomes, employability, knowledge, etc. The findings indicate that OBE provides a paradigm shift from content-focused approaches towards learner-centered education and the key steps of OBE implementation, including the identification of clear learning outcomes, curriculum alignment, student-centered teaching strategies, and best assessment methods, were consistently observed across the studies. The study highlights the positive effects of OBE on student engagement, critical thinking, problem-solving skills, the acquisition of industry-relevant competencies, etc. Moreover, OBE was found to enhance students’ employability by preparing them with practical skills and knowledge applicable in real world contexts. However, challenges in OBE implementation were identified, including faculty readiness, assessment design, resistance to change, etc. and further research is needed to explore the long-term impact of OBE on students’ career success and to investigate effective strategies for faculty development in OBE. The findings of contribute to the growing body of knowledge on OBE and provide valuable insights for all education institutions seeking to adopt/enhance OBE practices.
Breakfast in Human Nutrition: The International Breakfast Research Initiative
Creators: name: Gibney, Michael J.
name: Barr, Susan I.
name: Bellisle, France
name: Drewnowski, Adam
name: Fagt, Sisse
name: Livingstone, Barbara
name: Masset, Gabriel
name: Varela Moreiras, Gregorio
name: Moreno, Luis A.
name: Smith, Jessica
name: Vieux, Florent
name: Thielecke, Frank
name: Hopkins, Sinead
Publisher: name: Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Year: 2019

description: Breakfast is often referred to as the most important meal of the day and in recent years has been implicated in weight control, cardio-metabolic risk factors and cognitive performance although, at present, the literature remains inconclusive as to the precise health benefits of breakfast. There are extensive reports of breakfast’s contributions to daily food and nutrient intakes, as well as many studies that have compared daily food and nutrient intakes by breakfast consumers and skippers. However, significant variation exists in the definitions of breakfast and breakfast skippers, and in methods used to relate breakfast nutrient intakes to overall diet quality. The present review describes a novel and harmonised approach to the study of the nutritional impact of breakfast through The International Breakfast research Initiative involving national dietary survey data from Canada, Denmark, France, Spain, the UK and the USA. It is anticipated that the analysis of such data along harmonised lines, will allow the project to achieve its primary goal of exploring approaches to defining optimal breakfast food and nutrient intakes. Such data will be of value to public health nutrition policy-makers and food manufacturers and will also allow consistent messaging to help consumers to optimize food choices at breakfast.
Evaluating Specific Drivers of Antisocial Cognitions and Personality: A Desistance Informed Perspective
Creators: name: Ung, Jamie
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: This research investigates innovative psychological measures within a correctional setting to better understand various risk factors for re-offending. It utilises the risk-need-responsivity model and integrates findings with a desistance-informed perspective to explore the progression from active offending to crime cessation, and ultimately, to prosocial reintergration. The aim is to contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of how individuals reintergrate into society following a period of criminal behaviour. Additionally, it hopes to encourage further research into desistance practices, promoting rehabilitation efforts that are more strengths-based, holistic, and humane.
The open-source sunbather code: modeling escaping planetary atmospheres and their transit spectra
Creators: name: Linssen, Dion
name: Shih, Jim
name: MacLeod, Morgan
name: Oklopčić, Antonija
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Atmospheric escape is thought to significantly influence the evolution of exoplanets, especially for sub-Jupiter planets on short orbital periods. Theoretical models predict that hydrodynamic escape could erode the atmospheres of such gaseous planets, leaving only a rocky core. Deriving atmospheric mass-loss rates from observations is necessary to check these predictions. One of the ways to obtain mass-loss rate estimates is to fit transit spectra of the 10830 Å helium or UV metal lines with Parker wind models. We aim to provide the community with a tool that enables performing this type of analysis, and present sunbather, an open-source Python code to model escaping exoplanet atmospheres and their transit spectra. sunbather incorporates the Parker wind code p-winds and the photoionization code Cloudy, with the ability to calculate any currently known spectral tracer at an arbitrary atmospheric composition. With sunbather, we investigate how the atmospheric structure of a generic hot Neptune planet depends on the metallicity. We find that the mass-loss rate drops by roughly one order of magnitude as we increase the metallicity from solar to 50 times solar. Line cooling by metal species is important already for a solar composition, and more so at higher metallicity. We then demonstrate how sunbather can be used to interpret observations of spectral lines that form in the upper atmosphere. We fit the observed helium spectrum of the mini-Neptune TOI-2134 b and show how even for helium data, the inferred mass-loss rate depends on the metallicity by up to a factor of three.
description: Accepted to A&A