cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Anomalous solutions to the strong CP problem
Creators: name: Hook, Anson
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new mechanism for solving the strong CP problem using a Z2 discrete symmetry and an anomalous U(1) symmetry. A Z2 symmetry is used so that two gauge groups have the same theta angle. An anomalous U(1) symmetry makes the difference between the two theta angles physical and the sum unphysical. Two models are presented where the anomalous symmetry manifests itself in the IR in different ways. In the first model there are massless bifundamental quarks, a solution reminiscent of the massless up quark solution. In the IR of this model, the $η'$ boson relaxes the QCD theta angle to the difference between the two theta angles - in this case zero. In the second model, the anomalous U(1) symmetry is realized in the IR as a dynamically generated mass term that has exactly the phase needed to cancel the theta angle. Both of these models make the extremely concrete prediction that there exist new colored particles at the TeV scale.
description: 4 pages, v2. added a discussion regarding the prefactor for higher dimensional operators
Reaching the Limit in Autonomous Racing: Optimal Control versus Reinforcement Learning
Creators: name: Song, Yunlong
name: Romero, Angel
name: Mueller, Matthias
name: Koltun, Vladlen
name: Scaramuzza, Davide
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A central question in robotics is how to design a control system for an agile mobile robot. This paper studies this question systematically, focusing on a challenging setting: autonomous drone racing. We show that a neural network controller trained with reinforcement learning (RL) outperformed optimal control (OC) methods in this setting. We then investigated which fundamental factors have contributed to the success of RL or have limited OC. Our study indicates that the fundamental advantage of RL over OC is not that it optimizes its objective better but that it optimizes a better objective. OC decomposes the problem into planning and control with an explicit intermediate representation, such as a trajectory, that serves as an interface. This decomposition limits the range of behaviors that can be expressed by the controller, leading to inferior control performance when facing unmodeled effects. In contrast, RL can directly optimize a task-level objective and can leverage domain randomization to cope with model uncertainty, allowing the discovery of more robust control responses. Our findings allowed us to push an agile drone to its maximum performance, achieving a peak acceleration greater than 12 times the gravitational acceleration and a peak velocity of 108 kilometers per hour. Our policy achieved superhuman control within minutes of training on a standard workstation. This work presents a milestone in agile robotics and sheds light on the role of RL and OC in robot control.
SOME CONVERGENCE ASPECTS OF A VARIATIONAL APPROACH IN THE IONOSPHERIC RAY TRACING PROBLEM
Creators: name: Nosikov, I.A.
name: Kotova, D.S.
Publisher: name: Кольский научный центр Российской академии наук
Year: 2019

description: Optimization methods for point-to-point ionospheric ray tracing is discussed. Early it was shownthat variational approach can be applied for point-to-point ray tracing using ionospheric models. One of the problems is automatic points control along the ray path to provide accurate convergence. This problem can be overcomes taking into account artificial spring forces acting between points along the ray path. The comparative analysis of the convergence and accuracy of direct ray tracing obtained by using variational principle are present in our investigation.
Phenomenological description of the copper oxides as almost localized Fermi liquids
Creators: name: Kim, J.H.
name: Levin, K.
name: Lu, J.P.
name: Si, Q.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1990

description: We demonstrate that a variety of normal-state properties of the cuprates are similar to what is observed in heavy-fermion metals, provided that the temperature or frequency are rescaled. This leads to a characteristic energy scale Tcoh 150 K and suggests that the non-Fermi-liquid-like behavior of the cuprates is related to the high-temperature breakup of coherence of a Fermi-liquid ground state. We propose a concrete physical picture for future theories and give predictions which can be tested.
The Progenitors and Lifetimes of Planetary Nebula
Creators: name: Badenes, Carles
name: Maoz, Dan
name: Ciardullo, Robin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Planetary Nebulae (PNe) are amongst the most spectacular objects produced by stellar evolution, but the exact identity of their progenitors has never been established for a large and homogeneous observational sample. We investigate the relationship between PNe and their stellar progenitors in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) through the statistical comparison between a highly complete spectroscopic catalog of PNe and the spatially resolved age distribution of the underlying stellar populations. We find that most PN progenitors in the LMC have main-sequence lifetimes in a narrow range between 5 and 8 Gyr, which corresponds to masses between 1.2 and 1.0 M$_{\odot}$, and produce PNe that last $26^{+6}_{-7}$~kyr on average. We tentatively detect a second population of PN progenitors, with main-sequence lifetimes between 35 and 800~Myr, i.e., masses between 8.2 and 2.1 M$_{\odot}$, and average PN lifetimes of $11^{+6}_{-7}$ kyr. These two distinct and disjoint populations of progenitors strongly suggest the existence of at least two physically distinct formation channels for PNe. Our determination of PN lifetimes and progenitor masses has implications for the understanding of PNe in the context of stellar evolution models, and for the role that rotation, magnetic fields, and binarity can play in the shaping of PN morphologies.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, 1 table. Accepted for publication by ApJ Letters
Vast planes of satellites in a high resolution simulation of the Local Group: comparison to Andromeda
Creators: name: Gillet, N.
name: Ocvirk, P.
name: Aubert, D.
name: Knebe, A.
name: Libeskind, N.
name: Yepes, G.
name: Gottlöber, S.
name: Hoffman, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We search for vast planes of satellites (VPoS) in a high resolution simulation of the Local Group performed by the CLUES project, which improves significantly the resolution of former similar studies. We use a simple method for detecting planar configurations of satellites, and validate it on the known plane of M31. We implement a range of prescriptions for modelling the satellite populations, roughly reproducing the variety of recipes used in the literature, and investigate the occurence and properties of planar structures in these populations. The structure of the simulated satellite systems is strongly non-random and contains planes of satellites, predominantly co-rotating, with, in some cases, sizes comparable to the plane observed in M31 by Ibata et al.. However the latter is slightly richer in satellites, slightly thinner and has stronger co-rotation, which makes it stand out as overall more exceptional than the simulated planes, when compared to a random population. Although the simulated planes we find are generally dominated by one real structure, forming its backbone, they are also partly fortuitous and are thus not kinematically coherent structures as a whole. Provided that the simulated and observed planes of satellites are indeed of the same nature, our results suggest that the VPoS of M31 is not a coherent disc and that one third to one half of its satellites must have large proper motions perpendicular to the plane.
$D^6 R^4$ amplitudes in various dimensions
Creators: name: Pioline, Boris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Four-graviton couplings in the low energy effective action of type II string vacua compactified on tori are strongly constrained by supersymmetry and U-duality. While the $R^4$ and $D^4 R^4$ couplings are known exactly in terms of Langlands-Eisenstein series of the U-duality group, the $D^6 R^4$ couplings are not nearly as well understood. Exploiting the coincidence of the U-duality group in $D=6$ with the T-duality group in $D=5$, we propose an exact formula for the $D^6 R^4$ couplings in type II string theory compactified on $T^4$, in terms of a genus-two modular integral plus a suitable Eisenstein series. The same modular integral computes the two-loop correction to $D^6 R^4$ in 5 dimensions, but here provides the non-perturbative completion of the known perturbative terms in $D=6$. This proposal hinges on a systematic re-analysis of the weak coupling and large radius of the $D^6 R^4$ in all dimensions $D\geq 3$, which fills in some gaps and resolves some inconsistencies in earlier studies.
description: 18 pages (+ 26 page appendix), three Mathematica files included with submission; v2: minor corrections, version to appear in JHEP
NMR relaxation and neutron scattering in a Fermi-liquid picture of the metallic copper oxides
Creators: name: Lu, J.P.
name: Levin, K.
name: Si, Q.
name: Kim, J.H.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1990

description: Using a Fermi-liquid formalism in which the Cu d electrons are quasilocalized, we calculate the NMR relaxation for the Cu and O sites, the temperature-dependent magnetic susceptibility, and the neutron-scattering cross section. Our microscopic calculations of the dynamical susceptibility help to decouple narrow-band phenomena from spin-fluctuation effects. The former lead to a low (coherence) energy scale and considerable structure in the Lindhard function. The latter help to enhance these effects.
441. A Case of Microscopic Polyangiitis after Pfizer-BioNTech SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination in an Elderly Asian Male Patient
Creators: name: Katada1, Riho
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Vasculitis
ANCA
Abstracts
Giant Cell Arthritis
MPA
GPA
EGPA
Takayasu
IgA vasculitis

description: Presentation of Case: An 80-year-old Japanese man with renal insufficiency after Pfizer-BioNTech SARS-CoV-2 vaccine administration was admitted to our hospital. He had no history of decreased kidney function or abnormal urine tests. Three weeks after receiving the second dose of vaccination, he developed malaise. Subsequently, he was diagnosed with high inflammatory response and abnormal renal function and was referred to our hospital. At the time of admission, his blood pressure was 142/95 mmHg, body temperature was 38.9˚C, and SpO2 was 97%. On physical examination, there was no skin rash or joint pain to suggest collagen or autoimmune diseases. Diagnostic Testing: His blood tests showed an elevated serum creatinine (Cre) level of 4.52 mg/dL; serum proteinase-3 antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) level of <0.5 IU/mL; serum myeloperoxidase-O ANCA level of >134 IU/mL; serum anti-glomerular basement membrane antibody level of <2.0 IU/mL; and C3/C4 of 90/27 mg/dL. Urinalysis showed proteinuria of 1.45 g/gCre and numerous urinary red blood cells. Kidney biopsy revealed severe pauci-immune crescentic necrotizing glomerulonephritis with vasculitis of the renal vessel wall (Fig. 1). Results: Based on the results of serological and histological examinations, a diagnosis of microscopic polyangiitis was established. He was treated with high-dose oral steroids from day 2 after admission. Rituximab was administered on day 5, and plasma exchange therapy was provided on days 9–11. His condition gradually improved, and he was discharged on day 39. On his 2-month follow-up, his serum Cre level had improved to 2.03 mg/dL. Discussion: There are some case reports of microscopic polyangiitis after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination from Europe and the United States; however, the association between microscopic polyangiitis and SARS-CoV-2 vaccination is unclear. To our knowledge, this is the first case report from Asia. The number of cases may increase with the increasing vaccination rate against SARS-CoV-2 and the start of the third phase of vaccination. Vasculitis should be differentiated in cases of prolonged fever after vaccination. Disclosures: None
Die sokratische Frage und die christliche Antwort
Creators: name: Kuhn, Helmut
Publisher: name: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio
Year: 2022

description: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Bd. 2 Nr. 2 (1973): Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Band 2, Heft 2
CLOUDS AND AEROSOL IN STRATOSPHERE AND MESOSPHERE: POLARIZATION ANALYSIS AND TRENDS IN THE BEGINNING OF 21stCENTURY
Creators: name: Ugolnikov, O.S.
name: Maslov, I.A.
Publisher: name: Кольский научный центр Российской академии наук
Year: 2019

description: The paper describes the polarization measurements of density and microphysical properties of stratospheric aerosol and noctilucent cloud particles and their relationwith long-term trends of physical conditions of middle and upper atmosphere in a present time. It was shown that mean particle size of noctilucent cloud that directly defines its brightness and visibility increases in the case of mesopause drift to lower altitudes and expansion of the layer where water ice can be formed. This can explain the positive trend of cloud appearance rate in the case of zero temperature trend of mesopause. Stratospheric aerosol density shows the negative trend since 2011 to the summer of 2019, that is related with absence of medium and strong volcanic eruptions during this period. In late summer of 2019 upper troposphere and lower stratosphere were filled by aerosol possibly related with Raikoke volcano eruption on Kuril Islands inJune 2019.
Competing order parameters for increased Tc in "polytype" multilayer Cu-O systems
Creators: name: Birman, J.L.
name: Lu, J.P.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1989

description: Using a simple phenomenological model with coupled order parameters for polytype multilayer copper oxide systems, it is demonstrated that polytypism can increase Tc. Explicit expressions and results are given for Tc(N) where N is the polytype number (N=2, 3, , . Classes of structures investigated are monolayer polytypes such as [-(CuO2)N-]; bilayer TlO polytypes such as [-(TlOTlO(CuO2)N-]; and monolayer TlO polytypes; and 1:2:3 polytypes such as [-(CuO2)-(CuO-CuO2)n-]. Two types of nearest-layer bilinear coupling were studied: weak link (Josephson) and spin-spin. Polytypism is predicted to increase Tc in all classes; except in one case. For the same N, monolayer TlO polytypes have lower Tc than the bilayer TlO analog. Using reasonable values of parameters we predict a maximum Tc of 140 K in the monolayer and bilayer TlO series.
Optimizing Text Quantifiers for Multivariate Loss Functions
Creators: name: Esuli, Andrea
name: Sebastiani, Fabrizio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We address the problem of \emph{quantification}, a supervised learning task whose goal is, given a class, to estimate the relative frequency (or \emph{prevalence}) of the class in a dataset of unlabelled items. Quantification has several applications in data and text mining, such as estimating the prevalence of positive reviews in a set of reviews of a given product, or estimating the prevalence of a given support issue in a dataset of transcripts of phone calls to tech support. So far, quantification has been addressed by learning a general-purpose classifier, counting the unlabelled items which have been assigned the class, and tuning the obtained counts according to some heuristics. In this paper we depart from the tradition of using general-purpose classifiers, and use instead a supervised learning model for \emph{structured prediction}, capable of generating classifiers directly optimized for the (multivariate and non-linear) function used for evaluating quantification accuracy. The experiments that we have run on 5500 binary high-dimensional datasets (averaging more than 14,000 documents each) show that this method is more accurate, more stable, and more efficient than existing, state-of-the-art quantification methods.
description: In press in ACM Transactions on Knowledge Discovery from Data, 2015
Microscopic model for high-Tc oxide superconductors
Creators: name: Arya, K.
name: Birman, J.L.
name: Lu, J.P.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1989

description: We report results of a BCS-pairing theory of high-Tc superconductors based on a model using interlayer charge-transfer excitation as the intermediate boson. We apply the model specifically to YBa2Cu3O7. The relevant electronic band structure is calculated analytically using the tight-binding approximation, which is in agreement with numerical results. A specific interlayer charge-transfer excitation is identified. The Eliashberg equations are solved in the Kirzhnits-Maksimov-Khomskii approximation to obtain Tc and the gap . We find 2/KTc1014, and Tc increasing exponentially with a decrease in the Cu(2)-O(4) bond length. These results are in general agreement with some recent experiments.
Prebiotic Vitamin B$_3$ Synthesis in Carbonaceous Planetesimals
Creators: name: Paschek, Klaus
name: Lee, Mijin
name: Semenov, Dmitry A.
name: Henning, Thomas K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aqueous chemistry within carbonaceous planetesimals is promising for synthesizing prebiotic organic matter essential to all life. Meteorites derived from these planetesimals delivered these life building blocks to the early Earth, potentially facilitating the origins of life. Here, we studied the formation of vitamin B$_3$ as it is an important precursor of the coenzyme NAD(P)(H), which is essential for the metabolism of all life as we know it. We propose a new reaction mechanism based on known experiments in the literature that explains the synthesis of vitamin B$_3$. It combines the sugar precursors glyceraldehyde or dihydroxyacetone with the amino acids aspartic acid or asparagine in aqueous solution without oxygen or other oxidizing agents. We performed thermochemical equilibrium calculations to test the thermodynamic favorability. The predicted vitamin B$_3$ abundances resulting from this new pathway were compared with measured values in asteroids and meteorites. We conclude that competition for reactants and decomposition by hydrolysis are necessary to explain the prebiotic content of meteorites. In sum, our model fits well into the complex network of chemical pathways active in this environment.
description: Accepted for publication in ChemPlusChem. The authors Klaus Paschek and Mijin Lee contributed equally. 18 pages, 7 figures (all colored). Supporting Information is available at https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.24326575
On partially formal supermanifolds
Creators: name: Konechny, Anatoly
name: Schwarz, Albert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81T

description: We define a finite-dimensional partially formal supermanifold as a manifold having $q$ odd coordinates and $k + l$ even coordinates with $l$ of them taking only nilpotent values. We show that this notion can be used to formulate superconformal field theories with different numbers of supersymmetries in holomorphic and antiholomorphic sectors.
description: 20 pages
Retention of acquired argumentation skills and nature of science conceptions
Creators: name: Khishfe, Rola
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: The study aimed to investigate the retention of acquired argumentation and NOS conceptions among grade 10 students three months after the treatment. Thirty-six grade 10 students in two intact sections, randomly assigned into the Treatment and Comparison groups, participated in the study. The participants engaged in a treatment that lasted for four months and involved two units. Participants in both groups were involved in explicit argumentation instruction. However, participants in the Treatment group received the additional explicit NOS instruction. To assess the learning and retention of participants' argumentation skills and NOS conceptions, all participants responded to two open-ended questionnaires three times during the study (pre-, post-, and delayed post-test) followed by individual semi-structured interviews. Results showed that participants of the Comparison group, who engaged in explicit argumentation instruction only, mostly did not retain their argumentation skills, three months after the treatment. While participants of the treatment group, who engaged in explicit argumentation and explicit NOS instruction, mostly retained their argumentation skills and NOS conceptions after a three-month period following the treatment. These findings were discussed in terms of the following premises: prolonged contact with the content, distributed multiple experiences, meaningful cognitive connections, and NOS as a metacognitive tool.
An Introduction to Resurgence, Trans-Series and Alien Calculus
Creators: name: Dorigoni, Daniele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In these notes we give an overview of different topics in resurgence theory from a physics point of view, but with particular mathematical flavour. After a short review of the standard Borel method for the resummation of asymptotic series, we introduce the class of simple resurgent functions, explaining their importance in physical problems. We define the Stokes automorphism and the alien derivative and discuss these objects in concrete examples using the notion of trans-series expansion. With all the tools introduced, we see how resurgence and alien calculus allow us to extract non-perturbative physics from perturbation theory. To conclude, we apply Morse theory to a toy model path integral to understand why physical observables should be resurgent functions.
description: 48 pages, 7 figures; v2 typos fixed, references added, minor corrections
Der Heilige Geist als Interpret nach dem Johannesevangelium
Creators: name: Schlier, Heinrich
Publisher: name: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio
Year: 2022

description: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Bd. 2 Nr. 2 (1973): Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Band 2, Heft 2
Lattice with Long-Range Interaction of Power-Law Type for Fractional Non-Local Elasticity
Creators: name: Tarasov, Vasily E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Lattice models with long-range interactions of power-law type are suggested as a new type of microscopic model for fractional non-local elasticity. Using the transform operation, we map the lattice equations into continuum equation with Riesz derivatives of non-integer orders. The continuum equations that are obtained from the lattice model describe fractional generalization of non-local elasticity models. Particular solutions and correspondent asymptotic of the fractional differential equations for displacement fields are suggested for the static case.
description: 21 pages, LaTeX, 4 figures
Acoustic-wave propagation in quasiperiodic, incommensurate, and random systems
Creators: name: Birman, J.L.
name: Lu, J.P.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1988

description: We have studied acoustic-wave propagation in one-dimensional systems with quasiperiodic, incommensurate, and random modulation. In the short-wavelength limit we found that if the initial pulse is narrow (with spatial extension of the order of a few lattice spacings), the pulse is localized in a quasiperiodic system as in the case of a random system. This result shows that at short length scales a quasiperiodic system is similar to a random system. Therefore, those transport properties that do not depend on long-range order should behave similarly in quasicrystals and in an amorphous metallic glass, in agreement with experimental findings. On the other hand, if the injected wave has a wavelength much larger than the lattice spacing, we found that there are resonances for quasiperiodic and incommensurate systems when the wave vector satisfies the Bragg conditions. In this case propagation appears to be diffusive rather than propagative; namely, the total energy of the initial wave does not propagate along the chain as it does otherwise, but is homogeneously distributed over the region of space where the wave front passed. We solved the problem analytically in the long-wavelength limit in terms of two-mode-coupling theory and the Fourier spectrum of the quasiperiodic system. Analytical results are in full agreement with numerical simulations. These indicate that on a long-range scale quasiperiodic order is important not only for the crystal structure but also for those physical properties which depend on long-range order, such as acoustic-wave and microwave propagation.
Topology and ε-regularity Theorems on Collapsed Manifolds with Ricci Curvature Bounds
Creators: name: Naber, Aaron
name: Zhang, Ruobing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper we discuss and prove $ε$-regularity theorems for Einstein manifolds $(M^n,g)$, and more generally manifolds with just bounded Ricci curvature, in the collapsed setting. A key tool in the regularity theory of noncollapsed Einstein manifolds is the following: If $x\in M^n$ is such that $Vol(B_1(x))>v>0$ and that $B_2(x)$ is sufficiently Gromov-Hausdorff close to a cone space $B_2(0^{n-\ell},y^*)\subset \mathbb{R}^{n-\ell}\times C(Y^{\ell-1})$ for $\ell\leq 3$, then in fact $|Rm|\leq 1$ on $B_1(x)$. No such results are known in the collapsed setting, and in fact it is easy to see without more such results are false. It turns out that the failure of such an estimate is related to topology. Our main theorem is that for the above setting in the collapsed context, either the curvature is bounded, or there are topological constraints on $B_1(x)$. More precisely, using established techniques one can see there exists $ε(n)$ such that if $(M^n,g)$ is an Einstein manifold and $B_2(x)$ is $ε$-Gromov-Hausdorff close to ball in $B_2(0^{k-\ell},z^*)\subset\mathbb{R}^{k-\ell}\times Z^\ell$, then the fibered fundamental group $Γ_ε(x)\equiv Image[π_1(B_ε(x))\toπ_1(B_2(x))]$ is almost nilpotent with $rank(Γ_ε(x))\leq n-k$. The main result of the this paper states that if $rank(Γ_ε(x))= n-k$ is maximal, then $|Rm|\leq C$ on $B_1(x)$. In the case when the ball is close to Euclidean, this is both a necessary and sufficient condition. There are generalizations of this result to bounded Ricci curvature and even just lower Ricci curvature.
The Negative Judgment on Future Prospects in the Italian Regions During the Period 2012-2022
Creators: name: Leogrande, Angelo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Istat calculates the value of the negative opinion on future prospects in the Italian regions. Thevariable is calculated as the percentage of people aged 14 and over who believe that their personalsituation will worsen in the next 5 years out of the total number of people aged 14 and over.
Extended theory of the Taylor problem in the plasmoid-unstable regime
Creators: name: Comisso, Luca
name: Grasso, Daniela
name: Waelbroeck, François L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A fundamental problem of forced magnetic reconnection has been solved taking into account the plasmoid instability of thin reconnecting current sheets. In this problem, the reconnection is driven by a small amplitude boundary perturbation in a tearing-stable slab plasma equilibrium. It is shown that the evolution of the magnetic reconnection process depends on the external source perturbation and the microscopic plasma parameters. Small perturbations lead to a slow nonlinear Rutherford evolution, whereas larger perturbations can lead to either a stable Sweet-Parker-like phase or a plasmoid phase. An expression for the threshold perturbation amplitude required to trigger the plasmoid phase is derived, as well as an analytical expression for the reconnection rate in the plasmoid-dominated regime. Visco-resistive magnetohydrodynamic simulations complement the analytical calculations. The plasmoid formation plays a crucial role in allowing fast reconnection in a magnetohydrodynamical plasma, and the presented results suggest that it may occur and have profound consequences even if the plasma is tearing-stable.
description: Accepted for publication in Physics of Plasmas
A Polysiloxide Complex with two Chromium(III) η2‐Superoxo Moieties
Creators: name: Wind, Marie-Louise
name: Braun-Cula, Beatrice
name: Schax, Fabian
name: Herwig, Christian
name: Limberg, Christian
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Chromium
subject: O-O activation
subject: siloxide
subject: 540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften

description: The isolation and identification of intermediates formed in the course of the activation of dioxygen at transition metal centers reveals important mechanistic insights concerning such processes. We previously reported the reaction of the dinuclear CrII complex [L2Cr2(MeCN)2][Li(MeCN)]2 (L=PhSi(OSiPh2O−)3) (5) with dioxygen, which resulted in the formation of the CrIV oxo complex [L2Cr2O2][Li(THF)2]2 (6), as the final room temperature stable product. Here we now report the isolation and characterization of an intermediate en route to 6, namely the dinuclear CrIII superoxo complex [L2Cr2(O2)2][Li(MeCN)]2 (7). 7 is the first example of a structurally characterized dinuclear CrIII superoxo complex with two independent side‐on bound superoxo ligands. Reactivity studies outline the capability of this superoxo complex to activate weak O−H bonds.
A Cluster Bootstrap for Two-Loop MHV Amplitudes
Creators: name: Golden, John
name: Spradlin, Marcus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply a bootstrap procedure to two-loop MHV amplitudes in planar N=4 super-Yang-Mills theory. We argue that the mathematically most complicated part (the $Λ^2 B_2$ coproduct component) of the n-particle amplitude is uniquely determined by a simple cluster algebra property together with a few physical constraints (dihedral symmetry, analytic structure, supersymmetry, and well-defined collinear limits). We present a concise, closed-form expression which manifests these properties for all n.
description: v2: a few comments added
Jenseits von Kontemplation und Aktion?
Creators: name: Balthasar, Hans Urs Von
Publisher: name: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio
Year: 2022

description: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Bd. 2 Nr. 1 (1973): Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Band 2, Heft 1
Laterality in pigs and its links with personality, emotions and animal welfare
Creators: name: Goursot, Charlotte
Publisher: name: Universität Rostock
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 570 Life science
subject: 590 Zoological sciences
subject: 630 Agriculture

description: The study of laterality (i.e. asymmetries of brain and behaviour) is a potential non-invasive approach to gain insights into the common neural mechanisms underpinning both personality and emotions in animals. The hypotheses underlying this thesis state that the left (respectively the right) hemisphere regulates approach or positive (respectively avoidance or negative) emotions. The goal of this thesis was to study lateralized motor functions (Study 1) and their associations with personality indices (Study 2), and the effect of monocular viewing on emotional reactions (Study 3) in pigs.
Quantum Equivalence and Quantum Signatures in Heat Engines
Creators: name: Uzdin, Raam
name: Levy, Amikam
name: Kosloff, Ronnie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum heat engines (QHE) are thermal machines where the working substance is quantum. In the extreme case the working medium can be a single particle or a few level quantum system. The study of QHE has shown a remarkable similarity with the standard thermodynamical models, thus raising the issue what is quantum in quantum thermodynamics. Our main result is thermodynamical equivalence of all engine type in the quantum regime of small action. They have the same power, the same heat, the same efficiency, and they even have the same relaxation rates and relaxation modes. Furthermore, it is shown that QHE have quantum-thermodynamic signature, i.e thermodynamic measurements can confirm the presence of quantum coherence in the device. The coherent work extraction mechanism enables power outputs that greatly exceed the power of stochastic (dephased) engines.
description: v2 contains style and figures improvements. Subsection III.D was added
Eine Zeit der Muße und des Ausruhens in der Geborgenheit bei Gott
Creators: name: Prüller-Jagenteufel, Veronika
name: Gabriel, Doris
Publisher: name: Diakonia
Year: 1970

description: Diakonia, Bd. 28 Nr. 4 (1997): Diakonia, Band 28, Heft 4
Electronic structure of a quasiperiodic system
Creators: name: Lu, J.P.
name: Birman, J.L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1987

description: The general solution of a Schrödinger equation with a quasiperiodic potential in n dimensions is obtained. A boost technique is presented, which will transform the problem to the solution of a periodic pseudo-Schrödinger equation in n+m dimensions, to which Floquet-Bloch theory is applicable. We show that the eigenfunctions of the original problem and the boosted problem are related to each other by a simple radon transform, and the eigenvalues are exactly equal. We identify the hierarchical gap structure in the energy spectrum observed in numerical simulations and we show that the location of gaps can be indexed by the reciprocal wave vector given by the diffraction pattern of the quasicrystal. The position and the magnitude of the gaps so predicted are in qualitative agreement with numerical simulations.
Band-edge Bilayer Plasmonic Nanostructure for Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy
Creators: name: Mousavi, S. Hamed Shams
name: Eftekhar, Ali A.
name: Atabaki, Amir H.
name: Adibi, Ali
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spectroscopic analysis of large biomolecules is critical in a number of applications, including medical diagnostics and label-free biosensing. Recently, it has been shown that Raman spectroscopy of proteins can be used to diagnose some diseases, including a few types of cancer. These experiments have however been performed using traditional Raman spectroscopy and the development of the Surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) assays suitable for large biomolecules could lead to a substantial decrease in the amount of specimen necessary for these experiments. We present a new method to achieve high local field enhancement in surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy through the simultaneous adjustment of the lattice plasmons and localized surface plasmon polaritons, in a periodic bilayer nanoantenna array resulting in a high enhancement factor over the sensing area, with relatively high uniformity. The proposed plasmonic nanostructure is comprised of two interacting nanoantenna layers, providing a sharp band-edge lattice plasmon mode and a wide-band localized surface plasmon for the separate enhancement of the pump and emitted Raman signals. We demonstrate the application of the proposed nanostructure for the spectral analysis of large biomolecules by binding a protein (streptavidin) selectively on the hot-spots between the two stacked layers, using a low concentration solution (100 nM) and we successfully acquire its SERS spectrum.
Pulsar Timing Errors from Asynchronous Multi-Frequency Sampling of Dispersion Measure Variations
Creators: name: Lam, M. T.
name: Cordes, J. M.
name: Chatterjee, S.
name: Dolch, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Free electrons in the interstellar medium cause frequency-dependent delays in pulse arrival times due to both scattering and dispersion. Multi-frequency measurements are used to estimate and remove dispersion delays. In this paper, we focus on the effect of any non-simultaneity of multi-frequency observations on dispersive delay estimation and removal. Interstellar density variations combined with changes in the line-of-sight from pulsar and observer motions cause dispersion measure variations with an approximately power-law power spectrum, augmented in some cases by linear trends. We simulate time series, estimate the magnitude and statistical properties of timing errors that result from non-simultaneous observations, and derive prescriptions for data acquisition that are needed in order to achieve a specified timing precision. For nearby, highly stable pulsars, measurements need to be simultaneous to within about one day in order that the timing error from asynchronous DM correction is less than about 10 ns. We discuss how timing precision improves when increasing the number of dual-frequency observations used in dispersion measure estimation for a given epoch. For a Kolmogorov wavenumber spectrum, we find about a factor of two improvement in precision timing when increasing from two to three observations but diminishing returns thereafter.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
A novel method for identifying exoplanetary rings
Creators: name: Zuluaga, Jorge I.
name: Kipping, David
name: Sucerquia, Mario
name: Alvarado, Jaime A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The discovery of rings around extrasolar planets ("exorings") is one of the next breakthroughs in exoplanetary research. Previous studies have explored the feasibility of detecting exorings with present and future photometric sensitivities by seeking anomalous deviations in the residuals of a standard transit light curve fit, at the level of ~100 ppm for Kronian rings. In this work, we explore two much larger observational consequences of exorings: (1) the significant increase in transit depth that may lead to the misclassification of ringed planetary candidates as false-positives and/or the underestimation of planetary density; and (2) the so-called "photo-ring" effect, a new asterodensity profiling effect, revealed by a comparison of the light curve derived stellar density to that measured with independent methods (e.g., asteroseismology). While these methods do not provide an unambiguous detection of exorings, we show that the large amplitude of these effects combined with their relatively simple analytic description, makes them highly suited to large-scale surveys to identify candidate ringed planets worthy of more detailed investigation. Moreover, these methods lend themselves to ensemble analyses seeking to uncover evidence of a population of ringed planets. We describe the method in detail, develop the basic underlying formalism and test it in the parameter space of rings and transit config- uration. We discuss the prospects of using this method for the first systematic search of exoplanetary rings in the Kepler database and provide a basic computational code for implementing it.
description: Published in Astrophysical Journal Letters, 7 pages, 4 figures. Computer code available at https://github.com/facom/exorings
Characterization of the Most Luminous Star in M33: A Super Symbiotic Binary
Creators: name: Mikolajewska, Joanna
name: Caldwell, Nelson
name: Shara, Michael M.
name: Ilkiewicz, Krystian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first spectrum of the most luminous infrared star in M33, and use it to demonstrate that the object is almost certainly a binary composed of a massive O star and a dust-enshrouded Red Hypergiant. This is the most luminous symbiotic binary ever discovered. Its radial velocity is an excellent match to that of the hydrogen gas in the disk of M33, supporting our interpretation that it is a very young and massive binary star.
description: 17 pages, 2 figures, to appear in ApJL
Properties of one-dimensional quasilattices
Creators: name: Birman, J.L.
name: Lu, J.P.
name: Odagaki, T.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1986

description: We study the properties of one-dimensional quasilattices numerically and analytically. The geometrical properties of general one-dimensional quasilattices are discussed. The Ising model on these lattices is studied by a decimation transformation: The critical temperature and critical exponents do not differ from those for a regular periodic chain. The vibrational spectrum in the harmonic approximation is analyzed numerically. The system exhibits characteristics of both a regular periodic system and a disordered system. In the low-frequency region, the system behaves as a regular periodic system; wave functions appear extended. In the high-frequency region, the spectrum is self-similar and there is no unique behavior for the wave functions. The spectrum shows many gaps and Van Hove singularities. The gaps in the spectrum are also obtained analytically by examining the convergence of a continued-fraction expansion plus decimation transformation. The energy spectrum of a tight-binding electron Hamiltonian on the Fibonacci chain is also analyzed; it shows similar characteristics to those of the lattice vibration spectrum.
Reality and hermiticity from maximizing overlap in the future-included complex action theory
Creators: name: Nagao, Keiichi
name: Nielsen, Holger Bech
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the complex action theory whose path runs over not only past but also future we study a normalized matrix element of an operator $\hat{\cal O}$ defined in terms of the future state at the latest time $T_B$ and the past state at the earliest time $T_A$ with a proper inner product that makes normal a given Hamiltonian that is non-normal at first. We present a theorem that states that, provided that the operator $\hat{\cal O}$ is $Q$-Hermitian, i.e., Hermitian with regard to the proper inner product, the normalized matrix element becomes real and time-develops under a $Q$-Hermitian Hamiltonian for the past and future states selected such that the absolute value of the transition amplitude from the past state to the future state is maximized. Furthermore, we give a possible procedure to formulate the $Q$-Hermitian Hamiltonian in terms of $Q$-Hermitian coordinate and momentum operators, and construct a conserved probability current density.
description: Latex 12 pages, typos corrected, presentation improved, the final version to appear in Prog.Theor.Exp.Phys
436. A giant coronary artery aneurysm in a patient with Behçet's
Creators: name: Erdogan1, Mustafa
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Vasculitis
ANCA
Abstracts
Giant Cell Arthritis
MPA
GPA
EGPA
Takayasu
IgA vasculitis

description: Presentation of Case: A 34-year-old male with a history of low extremity deep vein thrombosis (partially recanalized) was admitted to our clinic for investigating chest pain and extremely high C-reactive protein with suspicion of Behcet’s syndrome (BS) diagnosis. He had a history of recurrent oral ulceration and positive HLA-B51 testing but did not report genital ulcers, nodular skin lesion, uveitis, or other BS-associated symptoms. Diagnostic Testing: Pulmonary chest computed tomographic angiography did not reveal pulmonary artery involvement. Skin pathergy test and uveal examination could not be performed due to the need for urgent percutaneous coronary angiography (CA) for increasing angina pectoris. CA revealed a giant coronary artery aneurysm (CAA) in the left anterior descending artery (Fig.). Differential & Final Diagnosis: Although the patient did not fulfill BS diagnostic criteria, the patient was diagnosed with a BS-coronary artery involvement that presented with a giant CAA. Discussion of Management: A coronary artery bypass graft operation was performed after a 3-day course of methylprednisolone (1g/day) and cyclophosphamide (1000 mg i.v.) with a diagnosis of BS-related coronary arteritis. Conclusions: CAA is a rare condition with a prevalence of 0.3%–4.9% among patients undergoing coronary angiography. Giant coronary artery aneurysm refers to a coronary vessel diameter of >8mm. Underlying inflammatory diseases have been reported in one-sixth of the patients with CAA.Pulmonary or coronary artery involvement should be ruled out by computed tomography or conventional angiography in patients with chest pain with BS. BS-related arterial aneurysms are prone to rupture and may cause sudden death without proper and early treatment. In addition, disease activity is related to worse outcomes in vascular interventions among patients with BS. Therefore, surgery should be delayed after medical treatment when possible. Disclosures: None
Mistakes in quasilattices
Creators: name: Birman, J.L.
name: Lu, J.P.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1986

description: We studied a class of mistakes or faults in quasilattices. The effect of a random distribution of mistakes on the diffraction of 1D, and a special class of 3D, quasilattices is calculated exactly. Mistakes change the diffraction pattern qualitatively: Some Bragg peaks decrease in intensity as expected, but some are enhanced. As a result some spots disappear and some new ones appear. The diffuse scattering is also calculated. Results are given comparing calculated diffraction patterns in fivefold, threefold, and twofold symmetry directions for a 3D quasicrystal with and without mistakes.
Dark forces and atomic electric dipole moments
Creators: name: Gharibnejad, Heman
name: Derevianko, Andrei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Postulating the existence of a fnite-mass mediator of T,P-odd coupling between atomic electrons and nucleons we consider its effect on permanent electric dipole moment (EDM) of diamagnetic atoms. We present both numerical and analytical analysis for such mediator-induced EDMs and compare it with EDM results for the conventional contact interaction. Based on this analysis we derive limits on coupling strengths and carrier masses from experimental limits on EDM of 199Hg atom.