Parapiromis
Creators: name: Bu, Cui-Ping
name: Larivière, Marie-Claude
name: Liang, Ai-Ping
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Ricaniidae
Parapiromis

description: Parapiromis nom. nov.
Piromis Fennah, 1969: 108. Type species: Ricania translucida Montrouzier, 1861, by original designation; preoccupied by Piromis Kinberg, 1867 (Annelida).
Parapiromis nom. nov. for Piromis Fennah.
Redescription. Small-sized ricaniids, length (including fore wings) 7.0–9.0mm; fore wings length: 6.5– 8.5mm.
General colour brown or fuscous. Vertex and most part of frons usually brown or pale brown. Pronotum and mesonotum fuscous. Legs pale brown. Wings hyaline or brown; veins brown; stigma transparent or greenish white.
Head (Figs. 1–4, 16, 17, 25, 26, 34, 35) large. Vertex (Figs. 3, 16, 25, 34) broad and narrow, distinctly separated from the frons by a transverse carina. Frons (Figs. 4, 17, 26, 35) oblique, broader than long, with central, sublateral, lateral and transverse carinae, a transverse carina present distally; clypeus (Figs. 4, 17, 26, 35) narrower than frons, shallowly inserted. Rostrum with apical segment attaining meso-trochanters, truncate at apex.
Pronotum (Figs. 3, 16, 25, 34) narrow, with median carina, punctuated beside central carina. Mesonotum (Figs. 3, 16, 25, 34) large, triangular, convex, with 3 carinae: lateral carinae weakly sinuately converging anteriorly and narrowly rounding to meet in middle line, anterolateral carinae almost straight. Fore wings (Figs. 1, 2, 5, 18, 27, 36) broadly triangular, costal margin moderately convex in basal 1/4, otherwise almost straight, apical margin very shallowly convex, nearly as long as claval suture; precostal area at middle broader than costal cell, with transverse veinlets dense; three veins emanating from basal cell, R and Sc nearly parallel, R branched with inner branch running very close to M1, Rs merged with M1, then weakly converging towards Sc, not quite parallel to it, as far as node; M leaving basal cell as a single short stem but forking in less than length of basal cell; Cu1 with four or five branches just before the apical margin; subapical line complete; claval veins uniting near middle of clavus, common claval vein entering commissural margin, clavus with many transverse veinlets. Hind wings (Figs. 6, 19, 28, 37) with anterior margin strongly sinuate, transverse veinlets including only R-M and M-Cu. Post-tibia with 2 spines laterally, 6 apically, basal metatarsal segment longer than broad at apex, with 2 outer teeth and about 6 smaller teeth between them.
Male genitalia: pygofer (Figs. 12, 21, 30, 39) narrow and high in lateral view. Anal tube (Figs. 11, 20, 29, 38) oval, small in dorsal view, short and broad in lateral view. Anal styles relatively short and small, bilobed. Genital styles (Figs. 12, 21, 30, 39) symmetrical, relatively elongate and narrow, with long apical process. Aedeagus (Figs. 13–15, 22–24, 31–33, 40–42) stout, nearly straight, mostly sclerotised, periandrium well developed, surrounding penis, distally attached to penis, with many spines ventrally, and two pairs of cephalad directed dorsal processes at apex, the inner pair spinose short, moderately sinuate, the outer pair long, narrowly tubular and weakly sinuate in basal, membranous in the succeeding, and sclerotised and acuminate apically.
Female genitalia (Figs. 7–10) symmetrical. Anal tube (Figs. 7, 9) short, apical margin concave in ventral view. Gonopophyses VIII (first valvulae) (Fig. 10) with two triangular lobes, outer lobes saw-like, strongly sclerotised with several blunt teeth on dorsal margin, inner lobes slightly sclerotised, smoothly on dorsal margin. Gonopophyses IX (second valvulae) (Fig. 8) long triangular, fused together on inner-lateral margin and sclerotised, apical ends membranous and not confluent. Gonoplacs (third valvulae) (Figs. 7, 9) triangular with many teeth extending along ventral margin, directed mesad. Genital opening singular (monotrysian) occurring between gonopophyses VIII.
Biology. As with many ricaniid planthopper species, no biological data are currently available for species of Parapiromis.
Remarks. Species of Parapiromis can be distinguished from other Ricaniidae by the combination of the following diagnostic characters: the frons with a transverse carina distally; apical margin nearly as long as claval suture; Cu1 with four or five branches just before the apical margin.
Species of Parapiromis are similar to those of Euricania Melichar and Scolypopa Stål. Besides the above diagnostic characters, it differs from Euricania in the relatively broader precostal area in the tegmina, the greater subdivision of the principal veins, and the more strongly elevated lobe next to stigma (see Xu et al., 2006, Figs. 53–55; Fletcher, 2008, Figs. 23, 24). Scolypopa can be separated from Parapiromis by the frons slightly narrow with longer tricarinae and without a transverse carina distally, costal margin almost straight, longer than apical margin, R branched near basal cell (see Fletcher, 1979a, Figs. 14, 15; Fletcher, 2008, Figs. 3, 29–32).
Distribution. New Caledonia, Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands, Vanuatu.
description: Published as part of Bu, Cui-Ping, Larivière, Marie-Claude & Liang, Ai-Ping, 2010, Parapiromis nom. nov., a new name for Piromis Fennah (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Ricaniidae), with descriptions of three new species, pp. 29-40 in Zootaxa 2400 on pages 30-31, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.275881