cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Integration of Spatial and Social Network Analysis in Disease Transmission Studies
Creators: name: Ali, Mohammad
name: Root, Elisabeth D.
name: Perez-Heydrich, Carolina
name: Yunus, Mohammad
name: Giebultowicz, Sophia
name: Emch, Michael
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: This study presents a case study of how social network and spatial analytical methods can be used simultaneously for disease transmission modeling. The paper first reviews strategies employed in previous studies and then offers the example of transmission of two bacterial diarrheal diseases in rural Bangladesh. The goal is to understand how diseases vary socially above and beyond the effects of the local neighborhood context. Patterns of cholera and shigellosis incidence are analyzed in space and within kinship-based social networks in Matlab, Bangladesh. Data include a spatially referenced longitudinal demographic database which consists of approximately 200,000 people and laboratory-confirmed cholera and shigellosis cases from 1983 to 2003. Matrices are created of kinship ties between households using a complete network design and distance matrices are also created to model spatial relationships. Moran's I statistics are calculated to measure clustering within both social and spatial matrices. Combined spatial effects-spatial disturbance models are built to simultaneously analyze spatial and social effects while controlling for local environmental context. Results indicate that cholera and shigellosis always clusters in space and only sometimes within social networks. This suggests that the local environment is most important for understanding transmission of both diseases however kinship-based social networks also influence their transmission. Simultaneous spatial and social network analysis can help us better understand disease transmission and this study has offered several strategies on how.
Spatial Heterogeneity in Cancer Control Planning and Cancer Screening Behavior
Creators: name: Mobley, Lee R.
name: Kuo, Tzy-Mey
name: Watson, Lisa
name: Subramanian, Sujha
name: Anselin, Luc
name: Urato, Matthew
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Each state is autonomous in its comprehensive cancer control (CCC) program, and considerable heterogeneity exists in the program plans. However, researchers often focus on the concept of nationally representative data and pool observations across states using regression analysis to come up with average effects when interpreting results. Due to considerable state autonomy and heterogeneity in various dimensions—including culture, politics, historical precedent, regulatory environment, and CCC efforts—it is important to examine states separately and to use geographic analysis to translate findings in place and time.
PHYTOCHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF SOURSOP (ANNONA MURICATA) LEAVES AND STEM BARK
Creators: name: Joseph, Olamide Adebayo
Publisher: name: kEITH jOURNAL
Year: 2025
Subjects: Soursop, phytochemicals, antioxidant, Annona muricata, DPPH

description: The qualitative and quantitative phytochemical composition and antioxidant activity of the leaves and stem bark of Annona muricata (soursop) were investigated. Plant samples were collected from Otuoke community, Ogbia Local Government Area, Bayelsa State, Nigeria. The collected plant parts were chopped, dried, and extracted using absolute ethanol, followed by concentration under vacuum. Both the leaf extract (IDL) and stem extract (IDS) were analyzed for their phytochemical constituents using standard procedures. The analysis revealed the presence of several phytochemicals including alkaloids, phenols, flavonoids, glycosides, tannins, saponins, and terpenoids. The leaf extract contained alkaloids (13.0 mg), phenols (0.440 mg), flavonoids (8.3 × 10^-5 mg), cardiac glycosides (486.0 mg), tannins (10.6 mg), and terpenoids (322.0 mg), while the stem extract had alkaloids (20.0 mg), phenols (0.70 mg), flavonoids (8.2 × 10^-5 mg), cyanogenic glycosides (300.0 mg), tannins (6.2 mg), and terpenoids (215.0 mg). Statistical analysis using the t-test showed no significant difference in the concentrations of these phytochemicals between the leaf and stem extracts at p < 0.05. The antioxidant activity of both extracts was evaluated using the 1,1-diphenylpicrylhydrazine (DPPH) method, with both extracts showing significant antioxidant potential across a dose gradient range of 1.0 mg/ml to 0.625 mg/ml. This study confirms that both the leaves and stem bark of Annona muricata are rich in phytochemicals and exhibit noteworthy antioxidant activity, thereby validating the traditional ethnomedicinal uses of the plant
Genetics: A New Landscape for Medical Geography
Creators: name: Emch, Michael
name: Carrel, Margaret
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: The emergence and re-emergence of human pathogens resistant to medical treatment will present a challenge to the international public health community in the coming decades. Geography is uniquely positioned to examine the progressive evolution of pathogens across space and through time, and to link molecular change to interactions between population and environmental drivers. Landscape as an organizing principle for the integration of natural and cultural forces has a long history in geography, and, more specifically, in medical geography. Here, we explore the role of landscape in medical geography, the emergent field of landscape genetics, and the great potential that exists in the combination of these two disciplines. We argue that landscape genetics can enhance medical geographic studies of local-level disease environments with quantitative tests of how human-environment interactions influence pathogenic characteristics. In turn, such analyses can expand theories of disease diffusion to the molecular scale and distinguish the important factors in ecologies of disease that drive genetic change of pathogens.
Additional file 1: of Protocol for a Randomised controlled trial to Evaluate the effectiveness and cost benefit of prescribing high dose FLuoride toothpaste in preventing and treating dEntal Caries in high-risk older adulTs (reflect trial)
Creators: name: M. Tickle
name: D. Ricketts
name: A. Duncan
name: L. OâMalley
name: P. Donaldson
name: J. Clarkson
name: M. Black
name: D. Boyers
name: M. Donaldson
name: R. Floate
name: M. Forrest
name: A. Fraser
name: A. Glenny
name: B. Goulao
name: A. McDonald
name: C. Ramsay
name: C. Ross
name: T. Walsh
name: H. Worthington
name: L. Young
name: D. Bonetti
name: J. Gouick
name: F. Mitchell
name: L. Macpherson
name: Y. Lin
name: I. Pretty
name: S. Birch
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Appendix 1. Qualitative study protocol. (DOCX 16 kb)
A low-eccentricity migration pathway for a 13-h-period Earth analogue in a four-planet system
Creators: name: Twicken, J.D.
name: Ricker, G.
name: Rowden, P.
name: Korth, J.
name: Mustill, A.J.
name: Collins, K.I.
name: Bellomo, S.E.
name: Redfield, S.
name: Gandolfi, D.
name: Grziwa, S.
name: Van Eylen, V.
name: Georgieva, I.
name: Palle, E.
name: Csizmadia, S.
name: Seager, S.
name: Esposito, M.
name: Fausnaugh, M.
name: Cochran, W.D.
name: Hellier, C.
name: Murgas, F.
name: Vanderspeck, R.
name: Serrano, L.M.
name: Osborne, H.L.M.
name: Mann, A.W.
name: Alarcon, J.
name: Deeg, H.J.
name: Dai, F.
name: Daylan, T.
name: Guenther, E.
name: Latham, D.W.
name: Díaz, M.R.
name: Collins, K.A.
name: Fridlund, M.
name: Luque, R.
name: Livingston, J.H.
name: Smith, A.M.S.
name: Winn, J.N.
name: Ziegler, C.
name: Persson, C.M.
name: Jensen, E.L.N.
name: Howell, S.B.
name: Rudat, A.
name: Albrecht, S.
name: Trifonov, T.
name: Hatzes, A.P.
name: Jenkins, J.M.
name: Goffo, E.
name: Rodler, F.
name: Lam, K.W.F.
name: Barragán, O.
Publisher: name: Nature Research
Year: 2022

description: It is commonly accepted that exoplanets with orbital periods shorter than one day, also known as ultra-short-period (USP) planets, formed further out within their natal protoplanetary disks before migrating to their current-day orbits via dynamical interactions. One of the most accepted theories suggests a violent scenario involving high-eccentricity migration followed by tidal circularization. Here we present the discovery of a four-planet system orbiting the bright (V = 10.5) K6 dwarf star TOI-500. The innermost planet is a transiting, Earth-sized USP planet with an orbital period of ~13 hours, a mass of 1.42 ± 0.18 M⊕, a radius of 1.166−0.058+0.061R⊕ and a mean density of 4.89−0.88+1.03gcm−3. Via Doppler spectroscopy, we discovered that the system hosts 3 outer planets on nearly circular orbits with periods of 6.6, 26.2 and 61.3 days and minimum masses of 5.03 ± 0.41 M⊕, 33.12 ± 0.88 M⊕ and 15.05−1.11+1.12M⊕, respectively. The presence of both a USP planet and a low-mass object on a 6.6-day orbit indicates that the architecture of this system can be explained via a scenario in which the planets started on low-eccentricity orbits then moved inwards through a quasi-static secular migration. Our numerical simulations show that this migration channel can bring TOI-500 b to its current location in 2 Gyr, starting from an initial orbit of 0.02 au. TOI-500 is the first four-planet system known to host a USP Earth analogue whose current architecture can be explained via a non-violent migration scenario.
Chemical Interface Damping by Electrochemical Gold Oxidation
Creators: name: Pfeiffer, Maurice
name: Wu, Xinyan
name: Ebrahimi, Fatemeh
name: Mameka, Nadiia
name: Eich, Manfred
name: Petrov, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Chemical interface damping is a change in the effective collision frequency of conduction band electrons in metal originating from a chemical change of the metal interface. In this work, we present in-situ ellipsometric measurements that reveal the chemical interface damping effect from electrochemical oxidation of single crystal and polycrystalline gold films. We observe an increase in collision frequency of up to 21 meV for single-crystalline gold. To compare to results obtained with thiols and metal-oxides on gold nanoparticles, we normalize the collision frequency by the electron mean free path to the surface of the structure. We show that electrochemical gold oxidation provides a stronger effect on collision frequency than these coatings. Similar ellipsometric experiments have previously been conducted to investigate the optical properties of gold oxide, but without taking chemical interface damping into account. The change in reflection from oxidation of gold was solely attributed to the oxide coating. We also show that the chemical interface damping effect saturates at a larger effective oxide thickness, which is attributed to the stabilization of the gold-oxide interface.
Land Suitability Modeling Using a Geographic Socio-Environmental Niche-Based Approach: A Case Study from Northeastern Thailand
Creators: name: Rindfuss, Ronald R.
name: McDaniel, Phillip M.
name: Verdery, Ashton M.
name: Walsh, Stephen J.
name: Heumann, Benjamin W.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Understanding the pattern-process relations of land use/land cover change is an important area of research that provides key insights into human-environment interactions. The suitability or likelihood of occurrence of land use such as agricultural crop types across a human-managed landscape is a central consideration. Recent advances in niche-based, geographic species distribution modeling (SDM) offer a novel approach to understanding land suitability and land use decisions. SDM links species presence-location data with geospatial information and uses machine learning algorithms to develop non-linear and discontinuous species-environment relationships. Here, we apply the MaxEnt (Maximum Entropy) model for land suitability modeling by adapting niche theory to a human-managed landscape. In this article, we use data from an agricultural district in Northeastern Thailand as a case study for examining the relationships between the natural, built, and social environments and the likelihood of crop choice for the commonly grown crops that occur in the Nang Rong District – cassava, heavy rice, and jasmine rice, as well as an emerging crop, fruit trees. Our results indicate that while the natural environment (e.g., elevation and soils) is often the dominant factor in crop likelihood, the likelihood is also influenced by household characteristics, such as household assets and conditions of the neighborhood or built environment. Furthermore, the shape of the land use-environment curves illustrates the non-continuous and non-linear nature of these relationships. This approach demonstrates a novel method of understanding non-linear relationships between land and people. The article concludes with a proposed method for integrating the niche-based rules of land use allocation into a dynamic land use model that can address both allocation and quantity of agricultural crops.
Additional file 1 of Final year undergraduate nursing and midwifery students’ perspectives on simulation-based education: a cross-sectional study
Creators: name: Moloney, Mairead
name: Murphy, Louise
name: Kingston, Liz
name: Markey, Kathleen
name: Hennessy, Therese
name: Meskell, Pauline
name: Atkinson, Sandra
name: Doody, Owen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1.
Geometry of the Cassinian metric and its inner metric
Creators: name: Ibragimov, Zair
name: Mohapatra, Manas Ranjan
name: Sahoo, Swadesh Kumar
name: Zhang, Xiaohui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 30C35, 30C20, 30F45, 51M10

description: The Cassinian metric and its inner metric have been studied for subdomains of the $n$-dimensional Euclidean space $\mathbb{R}^n$ ($n\ge 2$) by the first named author. In this paper we obtain various inequalities between the Cassinian metric and other related metrics in some specific subdomains of $\mathbb{R}^n$. Also, a sharp distortion property of the Cassinian metric under Möbius transformations of the unit ball is obtained.
description: 12 pages
Additional file 2: of Protocol for a Randomised controlled trial to Evaluate the effectiveness and cost benefit of prescribing high dose FLuoride toothpaste in preventing and treating dEntal Caries in high-risk older adulTs (reflect trial)
Creators: name: M. Tickle
name: D. Ricketts
name: A. Duncan
name: L. OâMalley
name: P. Donaldson
name: J. Clarkson
name: M. Black
name: D. Boyers
name: M. Donaldson
name: R. Floate
name: M. Forrest
name: A. Fraser
name: A. Glenny
name: B. Goulao
name: A. McDonald
name: C. Ramsay
name: C. Ross
name: T. Walsh
name: H. Worthington
name: L. Young
name: D. Bonetti
name: J. Gouick
name: F. Mitchell
name: L. Macpherson
name: Y. Lin
name: I. Pretty
name: S. Birch
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Appendix 2. Consent form. (DOCX 237 kb)
Quasars as standard candles VI: spectroscopic validation of the cosmological sample
Creators: name: Trefoloni, Bartolomeo
name: Lusso, Elisabeta
name: Nardini, Emanuele
name: Risaliti, Guido
name: Marconi, Alessandro
name: Bargiacchi, Giada
name: Sacchi, Andrea
name: Signorini, Matilde
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A sample of quasars has been recently assembled to investigate the non-linear relation between their monochromatic luminosities at 2500Å, and 2 keV and to exploit quasars as a new class of standardized candles. The use of this technique for cosmological purposes relies on the non-evolution with redshift of the UV-optical spectral properties of quasars, as well as on the absence of possible contaminants such as dust extinction and host-galaxy contribution. We address these possible issues by analysing the spectral properties of our cosmological quasar sample. We produced composite spectra in different bins of redshift and accretion parameters (black hole mass, bolometric luminosity), to investigate any possible evolution of the spectral properties of the continuum of the composites with these parameters. We found a remarkable similarity amongst the various stacked spectra. The overall shape of the continuum does not show any statistically significant trend with the accretion parameters nor with the redshift. The composite spectrum of our quasar sample is consistent with negligible levels of both intrinsic reddening (with a colour excess E(B-V)< 0.01) and host-galaxy emission (less than 10%) in the optical. We tested whether unaccounted dust extinction could explain the discrepancy between our cosmographic fit of the Hubble-Lemaitre diagram and the concordance ΛCDM model. The average colour excess required to solve the tension should increase with redshift up to unphysically high values (E(B-V)=0.1 at z>3) that would imply that the intrinsic emission of quasars is much bluer and more luminous than ever reported in observed spectra. The similarity of quasar spectra across the parameter space excludes a significant evolution of the average continuum properties with any of the explored parameters, confirming the reliability of our sample for cosmological applications.
description: 24 pages, 18 figures, accepted for publication on A&A
مدى مساهمة برنامج استرجاعي مقترح في تطوير القدرات البدنية للاعبي كرة القدم The contribution extent of recovery program proposed in developing the physical capabilities of soccer players
Creators: name: وداك, ﻤﺤﻤد
name: ﺴﺒﻊ, ﺒوﻋﺒد اﷲ
name: ﺒودواﻨﻲ, عبد الرزاق
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: recovery, electrostimulation, physical abilities

description: The research aims to highlight the role of the electrostimulation method as an effective means of retrieval for soccer players and its contribution to the development of physical abilities during the preparatory stage. Sly for the senior class active in the second national division is an amateur, and after applying it for eight weeks at a rate of three sessions/ week. and through the data collected from the research tests and analyzed, we oncluded that the use of electrostimulation helps to speed up the recovery process, and contributes to thedevelopment of the physical capabilities of the players under study
Additional file 3: of Protocol for a Randomised controlled trial to Evaluate the effectiveness and cost benefit of prescribing high dose FLuoride toothpaste in preventing and treating dEntal Caries in high-risk older adulTs (reflect trial)
Creators: name: M. Tickle
name: D. Ricketts
name: A. Duncan
name: L. OâMalley
name: P. Donaldson
name: J. Clarkson
name: M. Black
name: D. Boyers
name: M. Donaldson
name: R. Floate
name: M. Forrest
name: A. Fraser
name: A. Glenny
name: B. Goulao
name: A. McDonald
name: C. Ramsay
name: C. Ross
name: T. Walsh
name: H. Worthington
name: L. Young
name: D. Bonetti
name: J. Gouick
name: F. Mitchell
name: L. Macpherson
name: Y. Lin
name: I. Pretty
name: S. Birch
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Appendix 3. Scottish sub-protocol. (DOCX 13 kb)
OHEJP BIOPIGEE Deliverable: D-JRP21-WP4.16 "Economic calculation"
Creators: name: Bester, Clara
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: biosecurity measure
cost-effectiveness
salmonella
HEV
cost per human case
pig

description: This is the deliverable D-JRP21-WP4.16 "Economic calculation" of the OHEJP BIOPIGEE project produced in WP4 Task 4.4.
An Analysis of the Determinants of Female Marriage Immigrant's Socioeconomic Status Recognition
Creators: name: Kang, Hyejung
name: Kang, Hyejung
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: female marriage immigrants
subject: socioeconomic status
subject: simultaneous bivariate ordered probit model

description: This study examines the factors affecting the current socioeconomic status evaluated subjectively by female marriage immigrants, using the National Survey of Multicultural Families in 2012. The study employs the maximum likelihood estimation of a simultaneous bivariate ordered probit model, in order to resolve the endogeneity of the socioeconomic status in their home country used as an explanatory variable in the model. The empirical evidence suggests the subjective assessments for the current socioeconomic status of female marriage immigrants are significantly affected by their Korea life features, the economic activity of their spouse, and family's economic situation etc. The results also demonstrate that women marriage migrants of low socioeconomic status in their home county are more likely to under-evaluate their current status, implying that the transboundary movement of inequalities in the social hierarchy occurs.
Studying Displacement After a Disaster Using Large-Scale Survey Methods: Sumatra After the 2004 Tsunami
Creators: name: Gillespie, Thomas
name: Thomas, Duncan
name: Frankenberg, Elizabeth
name: Gray, Clark
name: Sumantri, Cecep
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Understanding of human vulnerability to environmental change has advanced in recent years, but measuring vulnerability and interpreting mobility across many sites differentially affected by change remains a significant challenge. Drawing on longitudinal data collected on the same respondents who were living in coastal areas of Indonesia before the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami and were re-interviewed after the tsunami, this paper illustrates how the combination of population-based survey methods, satellite imagery and multivariate statistical analyses has the potential to provide new insights into vulnerability, mobility and impacts of major disasters on population well-being. The data are used to map and analyze vulnerability to post-tsunami displacement across the provinces of Aceh and North Sumatra and to compare patterns of migration after the tsunami between damaged areas and areas not directly affected by the tsunami. The comparison reveals that migration after a disaster is less selective overall than migration in other contexts. Gender and age, for example, are strong predictors of moving from undamaged areas but are not related to displacement in areas experiencing damage. In our analyses traditional predictors of vulnerability do not always operate in expected directions. Low levels of socioeconomic status and education were not predictive of moving after the tsunami, although for those who did move, they were predictive of displacement to a camp rather than a private home. This survey-based approach, though not without difficulties, is broadly applicable to many topics in human-environment research, and potentially opens the door to rigorous testing of new hypotheses in this literature.
Orbital architectures of planet-hosting binaries - II. Low mutual inclinations between planetary and stellar orbits
Creators: name: Kratter, K.M.
name: Huber, D.
name: Rizzuto, A.C.
name: Kraus, A.L.
name: Dupuy, T.J.
name: Ireland, M.J.
name: Mann, A.W.
Publisher: name: Oxford University Press
Year: 2022

description: Planet formation is often considered in the context of one circumstellar disc around one star. Yet, stellar binary systems are ubiquitous, and thus a substantial fraction of all potential planets must form and evolve in more complex, dynamical environments. We present the results of a 5 yr astrometric monitoring campaign studying 45 binary star systems that host Kepler planet candidates. The planet-forming environments in these systems would have literally been shaped by the binary orbits that persist to the present day. Crucially, the mutual inclinations of star-planet orbits can only be addressed by a statistical sample. We describe in detail our sample selection and Keck/NIRC2 laser guide star adaptive optics observations collected from 2012 to 2017. We measure orbital arcs, with a typical accuracy of ∼0.1 mas yr-1, that test whether the binary orbits tend to be aligned with the edge-on transiting planet orbits. We rule out randomly distributed binary orbits at 4.7σ, and we show that low mutual inclinations are required to explain the observed orbital arcs. If the stellar orbits have a field binary-like eccentricity distribution, then the best match to our observed orbital arcs is a distribution of mutual inclinations ranging from 0° to 30°. We discuss the implications of such widespread planet-binary alignment in the theoretical context of planet formation and circumstellar disc evolution.
Does the gender asterisk ("Gendersternchen") as a special form of gender-fair language impair comprehensibility?
Creators: name: Friedrich, Marcus C. G.
Publisher: name: OSF Registries
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Linguistics
subject: FOS: Languages and literature
subject: Educational Psychology
subject: Education
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: comprehensibility
subject: feminist linguistics
subject: gender-fair language
subject: gender-inclusive language
subject: gender-neutral language
subject: gendered language
subject: masculine generics
subject: queer linguistics
subject: readability

description: In two experiments with N = 133 and N = 110, subjects randomly read one of three version of a text, either with masculine-only forms, the gender asterisk in its plural form, or the gender asterisk in its singular formand subsequently completed a comprehensibility questionnaire.
Self-truncation and scaling in Euler-Voigt-$α$ and related fluid models
Creators: name: Di Molfetta, Giuseppe
name: Krstlulovic, Giorgio
name: Brachet, Marc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A generalization of the $3D$ Euler-Voigt-$α$ model is obtained by introducing derivatives of arbitrary order $β$ (instead of $2$) in the Helmholtz operator. The $β\to \infty$ limit is shown to correspond to Galerkin truncation of the Euler equation. Direct numerical simulations (DNS) of the model are performed with resolutions up to $2048^3$ and Taylor-Green initial data. DNS performed at large $β$ demonstrate that this simple classical hydrodynamical model presents a self-truncation behavior, similar to that previously observed for the Gross-Pitaeveskii equation in Krstulovic and Brachet [Phys. Rev. Lett. 106, 115303 (2011)]. The self-truncation regime of the generalized model is shown to reproduce the behavior of the truncated Euler equation demonstrated in Cichowlas et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 264502 (2005)]. The long-time growth of the self-truncation wavenumber $k_{\rm st}$ appears to be self-similar. Two related $α$-Voigt versions of the EDQNM model and the Leith model are introduced. These simplified theoretical models are shown to reasonably reproduce intermediate time DNS results. The values of the self-similar exponents of these models are found analytically.
description: 14 figures
Additional file 1 of HMG20A was identified as a key enhancer driver associated with DNA damage repair in oral squamous cell carcinomas
Creators: name: Na, Li
name: Meijie, Zhang
name: Wenjing, Zhai
name: Bing, Zhou
name: Yanhao, Duan
name: Shanshan, Liu
name: Yongle, Qiu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Supplementary Table S1 Potential transcription factors of 17 metastatic-specific enhancer-regulated DNA repair-related genes.
Perceived family history risk and symptomatic diagnosis of prostate cancer: The North Carolina Prostate Cancer Outcomes study
Creators: name: Hamilton, Robert J.
name: Spain, Pamela
name: Galanko, Joseph A.
name: Carpenter, William R.
name: Godley, Paul A.
name: Clark, Jack A.
name: Talcott, James A.
name: Jackman, Anne
name: Do, Young Kyung
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: BACKGROUND. Prostate cancer (PrCA) is the most common cancer and the second leading cause of cancer death among US men. African American (AA) men remain at significantly greater risk of PrCA diagnosis and mortality than other men. Many factors contribute to the experienced disparities. METHODS. Guided by the Health Belief Model, the authors surveyed a population of AA and Caucasian men newly diagnosed with PrCA to describe racial differences in perceived risk of PrCA and to examine whether 1) perceived high risk predicts greater personal responsibility for prostate care; and 2) greater personal responsibility for prostate care predicts earlier, presymptomatic diagnosis. Multivariate general linear modeling was performed. RESULTS. The authors found that men with a PrCA family history appreciated their increased risk, but AA men with a family history were less likely to appreciate their increased risk. Nevertheless, neither reporting a PrCA family history nor perceived increased risk significantly predicted screening and preventive behaviors. Furthermore, higher physician trust predicted increased likelihood to have regular prostate exams and screening, indicating that the racial differences in seeking prostate care may be mediated through physician trust. Expressed personal responsibility for screening and more frequent preventive behaviors were associated with more frequent screening diagnoses, fewer symptomatic diagnoses, and less frequent advanced cancers. CONCLUSIONS. Together, these results indicate that appreciating greater risk for PrCA is not sufficient to ensure that men will intend, or be able, to act. Increased trust in physicians may be a useful, central marker that efforts to reduce disparities in access to medical care are succeeding.
Rigidity Loss in Disordered Systems: Three Scenarios
Creators: name: Ellenbroek, Wouter G.
name: Hagh, Varda F.
name: Kumar, Avishek
name: Thorpe, M. F.
name: van Hecke, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We reveal significant qualitative differences in the rigidity transition of three types of disordered network materials: randomly diluted spring networks, jammed sphere packings, and stress-relieved networks that are diluted using a protocol that avoids the appearance of floppy regions. The marginal state of jammed and stress-relieved networks are globally isostatic, while marginal randomly diluted networks show both overconstrained and underconstrained regions. When a single bond is added to or removed from these isostatic systems, jammed networks become globally overconstrained or floppy, whereas the effect on stress-relieved networks is more local and limited. These differences are also reflected in the linear elastic properties and point to the highly effective and unusual role of global self-organization in jammed sphere packings.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Supporting the Mental Health of Mothers Raising Children in Poverty: How Do We Target Them for Intervention Studies?
Creators: name: Perreira, Krista M.
name: Schwartz, Todd
name: Beeber, Linda S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Poverty increases maternal stress by heightening exposure to negative life events, job loss, chronic strains, poor housing, dangerous neighborhoods, and conflict with partners, culminating in crippling depressive symptoms, the most prevalent mental health threat. Depressive symptoms interfere with the provision of the strong maternal support needed to counter the hardships of poverty, thus placing infants and toddlers at risk for delayed language, social, and emotional development. Initial clinical trials in high-risk mothers have shown promise, and successive tests of interventions will be strengthened if mothers who have mental health risks can be accurately targeted for inclusion. This article reports on a sequential, data-driven process by which high-risk mothers were targeted for intervention in two trials currently in progress to reduce depressive symptoms. An iterative process of using data to identify at-risk mothers and validate the presence of risk factors helped hone the recruitment and design of the intervention trials. This report also offers guidance for further study.
Quantum entropy couples matter with geometry
Creators: name: Bianconi, Ginestra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a theory for coupling matter fields with discrete geometry on higher-order networks, i.e. cell complexes. The key idea of the approach is to associate to a higher-order network the quantum entropy of its metric. Specifically we propose an action having two contributions. The first contribution is proportional to the logarithm of the volume associated to the higher-order network by the metric. In the vacuum this contribution determines the entropy of the geometry. The second contribution is the quantum relative entropy between the metric of the higher-order network and the metric induced by the matter and gauge fields. The induced metric is defined in terms of the topological spinors and the discrete Dirac operators. The topological spinors, defined on nodes, edges and higher-dimensional cells, encode for the matter fields. The discrete Dirac operators act on topological spinors, and depend on the metric of the higher-order network as well as on the gauge fields via a discrete version of the minimal substitution. We derive the coupled dynamical equations for the metric, the matter and the gauge fields, providing an information theory principle to obtain the field theory equations in discrete curved space.
description: (33 pages, 1 figure)
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TOURISM MOTIVATION, PERCEIVED VALUE, SATISFACTION AND BEHAVIORAL INTENTION OF HOMESTAY TOURISTS IN HEALTH TOURISM DESTINATIONS
Creators: name: WEN CHEN
name: UEA-UMPORN TIPAYATIKUMPORN
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Homestay; Tourism Motivation; Perceived Value; Satisfaction; Behavioral Intention.

description: Abstract

With the advent of the era of leisure vacation tourism, the rapid development of all-region tourism, and the new urbanization, tourists are increasingly inclined to obtain diversified, autonomous, and personalized tourism products and services during their travel experiences. They desire in-depth experiences and emotional identification and communication during their travels. The homestay industry has been booming, greatly promoting the rapid improvement of the rural economy. However, facing the increasingly fierce industry competition and the rapidly changing market environment, how to retain visitors and ensure the healthy and sustainable development of the homestay industry in the future is an urgent issue that we need to address. By reviewing both domestic and international research on the concepts of tourism motivation, perceived value, satisfaction, and behavioral intention, as well as the relationships among these four elements, the study identifies the components of homestay tourists' motivations, perceived value, satisfaction, and behavioral intentions at the theoretical level. This is done by drawing on existing literature and research outcomes, and by integrating various aspects of the homestay environment, facilities, and services with the behavioral characteristics of tourists. Based on the "cognition-affect-intention" relationship theory, a theoretical model is established to provide a foundation for the study. This model aims to understand how cognitive processes (such as tourists' perceptions of the homestay experience), affective states (like emotions and satisfaction), and behavioral intentions (such as the willingness to return or recommend the homestay) are interconnected. The research findings indicate that the travel motivations of homestay tourists do not directly influence behavioral intentions but rather have an indirect effect through the mediating roles of perceived value and satisfaction. Both satisfaction and perceived value among homestay tourists have a direct and significantly positive impact on behavioral intentions. Additionally, the travel motivations of homestay tourists significantly and positively affect their perceived value and satisfaction. Furthermore, this study has derived a complex pathway of "Travel Motivation → Perceived Value → Satisfaction → Behavioral Intention," offering a new perspective for the study of travel motivations, perceived value, satisfaction, and behavioral intentions among homestay tourists. This enriches and advances the theoretical and empirical research on homestays. At the same time, the research results provide valuable insights into the current challenges and limitations of the homestay industry and offers recommendations for improving the development level of new forms of tourism.
Horta automatizada: Ponto de partida para inserção da Robótica Educacional nas escolas
Creators: name: Freitas, Elias José de Rezende
name: Da Fonseca, Rubens Palhares
Publisher: name: ProEdu - Ministério da Educação
Year: 2023
Subjects: Robótica Educacional

description: Os impactos esperados para este projeto são: • Aprimoramento das habilidades de aprendizagem dos alunos, oferecendo-lhes a oportunidade de desenvolver capacidades criativas e cooperativas de trabalho em sala de aula; • Melhoria da prática educacional no ensino médio, motivando os professores a adotarem a Robótica Educacional em seus currículos; • Desenvolvimento de circuitos eletrônicos, programação de microcontroladores e produção de protótipos, com baixo custo; • Estímulo à disseminação de conhecimento científico, além de possibilitar a replicação deste projeto em outras escolas; • Análise e visualização dos dados de sensores com criatividade; • Maior contato entre a escola e a comunidade externa; • Monitoramento em tempo real de uma horta.
FashionFail: Addressing Failure Cases in Fashion Object Detection and Segmentation
Creators: name: Velioglu, Riza
name: Chan, Robin
name: Hammer, Barbara
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In the realm of fashion object detection and segmentation for online shopping images, existing state-of-the-art fashion parsing models encounter limitations, particularly when exposed to non-model-worn apparel and close-up shots. To address these failures, we introduce FashionFail; a new fashion dataset with e-commerce images for object detection and segmentation. The dataset is efficiently curated using our novel annotation tool that leverages recent foundation models. The primary objective of FashionFail is to serve as a test bed for evaluating the robustness of models. Our analysis reveals the shortcomings of leading models, such as Attribute-Mask R-CNN and Fashionformer. Additionally, we propose a baseline approach using naive data augmentation to mitigate common failure cases and improve model robustness. Through this work, we aim to inspire and support further research in fashion item detection and segmentation for industrial applications. The dataset, annotation tool, code, and models are available at \url{https://rizavelioglu.github.io/fashionfail/}.
description: to be published in 2024 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN)
Planetesimals around stars with TESS (PAST)-II. An M dwarf 'dipper' star with a long-lived disc in the TESS continuous viewing zone
Creators: name: Feiden, G.A.
name: Narayanan, S.
name: Lacourse, D.
name: Wood, M.L.
name: Jacobs, T.
name: Ansdell, M.
name: Gaidos, E.
name: Rojas-Ayala, B.
name: Mann, A.W.
Publisher: name: Oxford University Press
Year: 2022

description: Studies of T Tauri discs inform planet formation theory; observations of variability due to occultation by circumstellar dust are a useful probe of unresolved, planet-forming inner discs, especially around faint M dwarf stars. We report observations of 2M0632, an M dwarf member of the Carina young moving group that was observed by Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite over two 1-yr intervals. The combined light curve contains >300 dimming events, each lasting a few hours, and as deep as 40 per cent (0.55 magnitudes). These stochastic events are correlated with a distinct, stable 1.86-d periodic signal that could be stellar rotation. Concurrent ground-based, multiband photometry show reddening consistent with interstellar medium-like dust. The star's excess emission in the infrared and emission lines in optical and infrared spectra reveal a T Tauri-like accretion disc around the star. We confirm membership of 2M0632 in the Carina group by a Bayesian analysis of its Galactic space motion and position. We combine stellar evolution models with Gaia photometry and constraints on Teff, luminosity, and the absence of detectable lithium in the photosphere to constrain the age of the group and 2M0632 to 40-60 Myr, consistent with earlier estimates. 2M0632 joins a handful of long-lived discs which challenge the canon that disc lifetimes are 10 Myr. All known examples surround M dwarfs, suggesting that lower X-ray/ultraviolet irradiation and slower photoevaporation by these stars can dramatically affect disc evolution. The multiplanet systems spawned by long-lived discs probably experienced significant orbital damping and migration into close-in, resonant orbits, and perhaps represented by the TRAPPIST-1 system.
Claudin-2-dependent Changes in Noncharged Solute Flux Are Mediated by the Extracellular Domains and Require Attachment to the PDZ-scaffold
Creators: name: Van Itallie, Christina M.
name: Holmes, Jennifer
name: Bridges, Arlene
name: Anderson, James Melvin
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Paracellular transport through the tight junction shows selectivity for both ionic charge and solute size. It is known that charged residues on the extracellular loops of claudins control charge selectivity. It is also known that inducible expression of claudin-2, but not claudin-4, will selectively increase the permeability for PEG molecules which are <4Å in radius, but it is not known whether permeability is controlled by the same regions of claudins which control charge selectivity. Using inducible expression of chimeras of claudin-2 and claudin-4 in monolayers of MDCK II cells we show that the extracellular loops alone are responsible for controlling the permeability for noncharged PEGs as well as for charge selectivity. Further, the cytoplasmic C-terminal PDZ-binding motif is required for wild type claudin-2 to control permeability, suggesting a requirement for attachment to the PDZ scaffold in order to form pores. These observations support a model where the loops form pores controlling permeability for both charged and noncharged solutes which are smaller than 4Å. They leave unanswered why both claudin-2 and -4 can influence electrical properties while only -2 can selectively increase permeability for small PEGs.
Chiral spin density wave order on frustrated honeycomb and bilayer triangle lattice Hubbard model at half-filling
Creators: name: Jiang, Kun
name: Zhang, Yi
name: Zhou, Sen
name: Wang, Ziqiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the Hubbard model on the frustrated honeycomb lattice with nearest-neighbor $t_1$ and second nearest-neighbor hopping $t_2$, which is isomorphic to the bilayer triangle lattice, using the SU(2)-invariant slave boson theory. We show that the Coulomb interaction $U$ induces antiferromagnetic (AF) chiral spin-density wave ($χ$-SDW) order in a wide range of $κ=t_2/t_1$ where both the two-sublattice AF order at small $κ$ and the decoupled three-sublattice 120$^\circ$ order at large $κ$ are strongly frustrated, leading to three distinct phases with different anomalous Hall responses. We find a continuous transition from a $χ$-SDW semimetal with anomalous Hall effect to a topological chiral Chern insulator exhibiting quantum anomalous Hall effect, followed by a discontinuous transition to a $χ$-SDW insulator with zero total Chern number but anomalous ac Hall effect.The $χ$-SDW is likely a generic phase of strongly correlated and highly frustrated hexagonal lattice electrons.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures. To be published in Physical Review Letters
A Search for Exoplanets in Open Clusters and Young Associations based on TESS Objects of Interest
Creators: name: Wang, S.X.
name: Gan, T.
name: Mann, A.W.
name: Sun, Q.
Publisher: name: Institute of Physics
Year: 2022

description: We report the results of our search for planet candidates in open clusters and young stellar associations based on the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) Objects of Interest Catalog. We find one confirmed planet, one promising candidate, one brown dwarf and three unverified planet candidates in a sample of 1229 open clusters from the second Gaia data release. We discuss individual planet-star systems based on their basic parameters, membership probability and the observation notes from the ExoFOP-TESS website. We also find ten planet candidates (P > 95%) in young stellar associations by using the BANYAN ς Multivariate Bayesian Algorithm. Among the ten candidates, five are known planetary systems. We estimate the rotation periods of the host stars using the TESS light curves and estimate their ages based on gyrochronology. Two candidates with periodic variations are likely to be young planets, but their exact memberships to young stellar associations remain unknown.