cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
"Magnetic" components of gravitational waves and response functions of interferometers
Creators: name: Corda, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, arising from an enlighting analysis of Baskaran and Grishchuk in Class. Quant. Grav. 21, 4041-4061 (2004), some papers in the literature have shown the presence and importance of the so-called "magnetic" components of gravitational waves (GWs), which have to be taken into account in the context of the total response functions of interferometers for GWs propagating from arbitrary directions. In Int. Journ. Mod. Phys. A 22, 13, 2361-2381 (2007) and Int. J. Mod. Phys. D 16, 9, 1497-1517 (2007) accurate response functions for the Virgo and LIGO interferometers have been analysed. However, some results which have been shown in Int. Journ. Mod. Phys. A 22, 13, 2361-2381 (2007) look in contrast with the results which have been shown in Int. J. Mod. Phys. D 16, 9, 1497-1517 (2007). In fact, in Int. Journ. Mod. Phys. A 22, 13, 2361-2381 (2007) it was claimed that the "magnetic" component of GWs could, in principle, extend the frequency range of Earth based interferometers, while in Int. J. Mod. Phys. D 16, 9, 1497-1517 (2007) such a possibility has been banned. This contrast has been partially solved in the Proceedings of the XLIInd Rencontres de Moriond, Gravitational Waves and Experimental Gravity, La Thuile, Val d'Aosta Italy (March 12-18 2007). The aim of this review paper is to re-analyse all the framework of the "magnetic" components of GWs with the goal of solving the mentioned contrast in definitive way. Accurate response funtions for the Virgo and LIGO interferometers will be also re-discussed in detail.
description: Review commissioned by Nova Science Publishers, to appear in the edited collection "Interferometers: Research, Technology and Applications"
New supersymmetric quartet of nuclei: 192Os, 193Os, 193Ir, 194Ir
Creators: name: Bijker, R.
name: Barea, J.
name: Frank, A.
name: Graw, G.
name: Hertenberger, R.
name: Jolie, J.
name: Wirth, H. -F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present evidence of the existence of a new supersymmetric quartet of nuclei in the A=190 mass region. The analysis is based on new experimental information on the odd-odd nucleus 194Ir from transfer and capture reactions. The new data allow the identification of a new supersymmetric quartet, consisting of the 192,193Os and 193,194Ir nuclei. We make explicit predictions fo r193Os, and suggest that its spectroscopic properties be measured in dedicated experiments. Finally, we study correlations between different transfer reactions.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, invited talk at CGS 13, Cologne, Germany, to be published in AIP Conference Proceedings
The Adic Tame Site
Creators: name: Hübner, Katharina
Publisher: name: Deutsche Mathematiker-Vereinigung
Year: 2021

description: For every adic space $\mathscr X$ we construct a site $\mathscr X_t$, the tame site of $\mathscr X$. For a scheme $X$ over a base scheme $S$ we obtain a tame site by associating with $X/S$ an adic space Spa$(X,S)$ and considering the tame site Spa$(X,S)_t$. We examine the connection of the cohomology of the tame site with \'etale cohomology and compare its fundamental group with the conventional tame fundamental group. Finally, assuming resolution of singularities, for a regular scheme $X$ over a base scheme $S$ of characteristic $p > 0$ we prove a cohomological purity theorem for the constant sheaf $\mathds Z/p\mathds Z$ on Spa$(X,S)_t$. As a corollary we obtain homotopy invariance for the tame cohomology groups of Spa$(X,S)$.
description: DOCUMENTA MATHEMATICA, Vol 26 (2021), p. 873-945
Single-hit criterion in DAMA/LIBRA DM search and daemons - they are anything but weakly interacting
Creators: name: Drobyshevski, E. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Our prediction that the more massive DAMA/LIBRA detector would detect a smaller number of events per unit of mass and time than the DAMA/NaI system has got confirmation. This is easy to understand, because DM objects are by far not the WIMPs of the Galactic halo that interact only weakly with matter but are apparently instead electrically charged Planckian objects, i.e., daemons which fall from Earth-crossing orbits with V = 30-50 km/s and undergo multiple interaction with condensed matter already in its outer layers, on a path of a few tens of cm. Therefore, one should use not compact massive detectors but rather systems with a large surface area, as we did to detect daemons with thin ZnS(Ag) scintillators. There are grounds to believe that correct use of the single-hit criterion in LIBRA should reveal DM particles with V = 30-50 km/s, and subsequently, with V = 10-15 km/s as well.
description: 8 pages
Extended MQCD and SUSY/non-SUSY duality
Creators: name: Ohta, Kazutoshi
name: Tai, Ta-Sheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the SUSY/non-SUSY duality proposed by Aganagic et al. from Type IIA string and M-theory perspectives. We find that our brane configuration generalizes the so-called $extended$ Seiberg-Witten theory on the one hand, and provides a way to realize non-SUSY vacua by intersecting NS5-branes on the other hand. We also argue how the partial SUSY breaking from $\Ncal=2$ down to $\Ncal=1$ can be clearly visualized through the brane picture.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures; v2: changes and a reference added; v3: three references added, to appear in JHEP
Transfer Maps in Generalized Group Homology via Submanifolds
Creators: name: Nitsche, Martin
name: Schick, Thomas
name: Zeidler, Rudolf
Publisher: name: Deutsche Mathematiker-Vereinigung
Year: 2021

description: Let $N \subset M$ be a submanifold embedding of spin manifolds of some codimension $k \geq 1$. A classical result of Gromov and Lawson, refined by Hanke, Pape and Schick, states that $M$ does not admit a metric of positive scalar curvature if $k = 2$ and the Dirac operator of $N$ has non-trivial index, provided that suitable geometric conditions on $N \subset M$ are satisfied. In the cases $k=1$ and $k=2$, Zeidler and Kubota, respectively, established more systematic results: There exists a transfer $\mathrm{KO}_\ast(\mathrm{C}^{\ast} \pi_1 M)\to \mathrm{KO}_{\ast - k}(\mathrm{C}^\ast \pi_1 N)$ which maps the index class of $M$ to the index class of $N$. The main goal of this article is to construct analogous transfer maps $E_\ast(\mathrm{B}\pi_1M) \to E_{\ast-k}(\mathrm{B}\pi_1N)$ for different generalized homology theories $E$ and suitable submanifold embeddings. The design criterion is that it is compatible with the transfer $E_\ast(M) \to E_{\ast-k}(N)$ induced by the inclusion $N \subset M$ for a chosen orientation on the normal bundle. Under varying restrictions on homotopy groups and the normal bundle, we construct transfers in the following cases in particular: In ordinary homology, it works for all codimensions. This slightly generalizes a result of Engel and simplifies his proof. In complex K-homology, we achieve it for $k \leq 3$. For $k \leq 2$, we have a transfer on the equivariant KO-homology of the classifying space for proper actions.
description: DOCUMENTA MATHEMATICA, Vol 26 (2021), p. 947-979
A measurement of the branching ratio, R=[mathematical description for a branching ratio]
Creators: name: Berghofer, David
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The Branching Ratio R= [See Thesis for formula] has been measured on the basis of 100,000 π￫ev events. Pions were provided by the TRIUMF cyclotron. The muons produced by pion decay themselves subsequently decay via [Formula]. The mono-energetic positrons from pion decay and the "Michel" distribution of positrons from muon decay were simultaneously detected in a large NaI crystal. A raytracing experiment was also performed to accurately determine the response of the NaI. After radiative corrections, and corrections for bremsstrahlung, positron annihilation, and energy losses, a discrepancy of about 4% between the empirical π￫ev[sub e] lineshape and the calculated lineshape remains. The source of this background has not yet been determined., Based on the number of positrons from pion decay and from muon decay detected during several "time bins", our result is R = (1.212 ± 0.017) x10⁻⁴ The value predicted for V-A coupling and muon-electron universality is R (theory) = 1.233x10⁻⁴
The axial anomaly and the phases of dense QCD
Creators: name: Baym, Gordon
name: Hatsuda, Tetsuo
name: Tachibana, Motoi
name: Yamamoto, Naoki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The QCD axial anomaly, by coupling the chiral condensate and BCS pairing fields of quarks in dense matter, leads to a new critical point in the QCD phase diagram \cite{HTYB,chiral2}, which at sufficiently low temperature should terminate the line of phase transitions between chirally broken hadronic matter and color superconducting quark matter. The critical point indicates that matter at low temperature should cross over smoothly from the hadronic to the quark phase, as suggested earlier on the basis of symmetry. We review here the arguments, based on a general Ginzburg-Landau effective Lagrangian, for the existence of the new critical point, as well as discuss possible connections between the QCD phase structure and the BEC-BCS crossover in ultracold trapped atomic fermion systems at unitarity. and implications for the presence of quark matter in neutron stars.
description: 8 pages, Proceedings of Quark Matter 2008, Jaipur
The non-ballistic superluminal motion in the plane of the sky
Creators: name: Gong, Biping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Faster-than-light or superluminal motion was originally predicted as a relativistic illusion of ballistic moving ejecta, and confirmed in a few tens of sources observationally. However, the recent results of the long-term multi-epoch observations of quasars, active galaxies, tracing the structure further along the jets and following the motion of individual features for longer time, rise questions that are difficult to understand by the standard ballistic model. I.e., the ejecta are aligned with the local jet direction, instead of the core; and within individual jets apparently inward-moving features are observed. Here we show that these unexpected phenomena, although only a small fraction among large samples, indicate the existence of non-ballistic jet motion, in which a continuous jet produces a discrete hot spot. And the precession of such a hot spot in the plane of the sky appears superluminal. Therefore, an unified and simple interpretation to the new results is obtained, which can be further tested through its predictions on the evolution of ejecta. The study is of importance in the understanding of the nature of superluminal motion, the interaction of jets and surrounding materials, as well as the common physics underlying quasars and microquasars.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures, accepted to MNRAS
Nonlinear Atomic Force Microscopy: Squeezing and Skewness of Micro-Mechanical Oscillators interacting with a Surface
Creators: name: Marzlin, Karl-Peter
name: Canam, Bryan
name: Agarwal, Nisha Rani
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a two-frequency driving scheme in dynamic atomic force microscopy that maximizes the interaction time between tip and sample. Using a stochastic description of the cantilever dynamics, we predict large classical squeezing and a small amount of skewness of the tip's phase-space probability distribution. Strong position squeezing will require close contact between tip and surface, while momentum squeezing would also be possible in the van der Waals region of the tip-surface force. Employing a generalized Caldeira-Leggett model, we predict that surface-dependent dissipative forces may be the dominant source of quantum effects and propose a procedure to isolate quantum effects from thermal fluctuations.
description: 21 pages, 6 figures
Local Acyclicity in $p$-Adic Cohomology
Creators: name: Lazda, Christopher
Publisher: name: Deutsche Mathematiker-Vereinigung
Year: 2021

description: We prove an analogue for $p$-adic coefficients of the Deligne-Laumon theorem on local acyclicity for curves. That is, for an overconvergent $F$-isocrystal $E$ on a relative curve $f:U\rightarrow S$ admitting a good compactification, we show that the cohomology sheaves of $\mathbf{R}f_!E$ are overconvergent isocrystals if and only if $E$ has constant Swan conductor at infinity.
description: DOCUMENTA MATHEMATICA, Vol 26 (2021), p. 981-1044
Drifting inwards in protoplanetary discs II: The effect of water on sticking properties at increasing temperatures
Creators: name: Pillich, C.
name: Bogdan, T.
name: Landers, J.
name: Wurm, G.
name: Wende, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In previous laboratory experiments, we measured the temperature dependence of sticking forces between micrometer grains of chondritic composition. The data showed a decrease in surface energy by a factor ~5 with increasing temperature. Here, we focus on the effect of surface water on grains. Under ambient conditions in the laboratory, multiple water layers are present. At the low pressure of protoplanetary discs and for moderate temperatures, grains likely only hold a monolayer. As dust drifts inwards, even this monolayer eventually evaporates completely in higher temperature regions. To account for this, we measured the tensile strength for the same chondritic material as was prepared and measured under normal laboratory conditions in our previous work, but now introducing two new preparation methods: drying dust cylinders in air (dry samples), and heating dust pressed into cylinders in vacuum (super-dry samples). For all temperatures up to 1000 K, the data of the dry samples are consistent with a simple increase in the sticking force by a factor of ~10 over wet samples. Up to 900 K super-dry samples behave like dry samples. However, the sticking forces then exponentially increase up to another factor ~100 at about 1200 K. The increase in sticking from wet to dry extends a trend that is known for amorphous silicates to multimineral mixtures. The findings for super-dry dust imply that aggregate growth is boosted in a small spatial high-temperature region around 1200 K, which might be a sweet spot for planetesimal formation.
description: 6 pages, 7 figures
Tuning the exciton g-factor in single InAs/InP quantum dots
Creators: name: Kim, D.
name: Sheng, W.
name: Poole, P. J.
name: Dalacu, D.
name: Lefebvre, J.
name: Lapointe, J.
name: Reimer, M. E.
name: Aers, G. C.
name: Williams, R. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Photoluminescence data from single, self-assembled InAs/InP quantum dots in magnetic fields up to 7 T are presented. Exciton g-factors are obtained for dots of varying height, corresponding to ground state emission energies ranging from 780 meV to 1100 meV. A monotonic increase of the g-factor from -2 to +1.2 is observed as the dot height decreases. The trend is well reproduced by sp3 tight binding calculations, which show that the hole g-factor is sensitive to confinement effects through orbital angular momentum mixing between the light-hole and heavy-hole valence bands. We demonstrate tunability of the exciton g-factor by manipulating the quantum dot dimensions using pyramidal InP nanotemplates.
Projective Bundle Theorem in MW-Motivic Cohomology
Creators: name: Yang, Nanjun
Publisher: name: Deutsche Mathematiker-Vereinigung
Year: 2021

description: We present a version of projective bundle theorem in MW-motives (resp. Chow-Witt rings), which says that \(\widetilde{CH}^*(\mathbb{P}(E))\) is determined by \(\widetilde{CH}^*(X)\), \(\widetilde{CH}^*(X,det(E)^{\vee})\), \(CH^*(X)\) and \(Sq^2\) for smooth quasi-projective schemes \(X\) and vector bundles \(E\) over \(X\) with \(e(E^{\vee})=0\in H^n(X,W(det(E)))\), provided that \(_2CH^*(X)=0\). As an application, we compute the MW-motives of blow-ups with smooth centers. Moreover, we discuss the invariance of Chow-Witt cycles of projective bundles under automorphisms of vector bundles.
description: DOCUMENTA MATHEMATICA, Vol 26 (2021), p. 1045-1083
Algebraic Slice Spectral Sequences
Creators: name: Culver, Dominic Leon
name: Kong, Hana Jia
name: Quigley, J. D.
Publisher: name: Deutsche Mathematiker-Vereinigung
Year: 2021

description: For certain motivic spectra, we construct a square of spectral sequences relating the effective slice spectral sequence and the motivic Adams spectral sequence. We show the square can be constructed for connective algebraic K-theory, motivic Morava K-theory, and truncated motivic Brown-Peterson spectra. In these cases, we show that the $\mathbb{R}$-motivic effective slice spectral sequence is completely determined by the $\rho$-Bockstein spectral sequence. Using results of Heard, we also obtain applications to the Hill-Hopkins-Ravenel slice spectral sequences for connective Real K-theory, Real Morava K-theory, and truncated Real Brown-Peterson spectra.
description: DOCUMENTA MATHEMATICA, Vol 26 (2021), p. 1085-1119
Improved Methods for Estimating Peculiar Velocity Correlation Functions Using Volume Weighting
Creators: name: Wang, Yuyu
name: Peery, Sarah
name: Feldman, Hume A.
name: Watkins, Richard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an improved method for calculating the parallel and perpendicular velocity correlation functions directly from peculiar velocity surveys using weighted maximum-likelihood estimators. A central feature of the new method is the use of position-dependent weighting scheme that reduces the influence of nearby galaxies, which are typically overrepresented relative to the more distant galaxies in most surveys. We demonstrate that the correlation functions calculated this way are less susceptible to biases due to our particular location in the Universe, and thus are more easily comparable to linear theory and between surveys. Our results suggest that the parallel velocity correlation function is a promising cosmological probe, given that it provides a better approximation of a Gaussian distribution than other velocity correlation functions and that its bias is more easily minimized by weighting. Though the position weighted parallel velocity correlation function increases the statistical uncertainty, it decreases the cosmic variance and is expected to provide more stable and tighter cosmological parameter constraints than other correlation methods in conjunction with more precise velocity surveys in the future.
description: 15 pages, 13 figures
Additional file 1 of Feasibility of implementing systematic social needs assessment for children with medical complexity
Creators: name: Ming, David Y.
name: Jones, Kelley A.
name: Sainz, Elizabeth
name: Tkach, Heidie
name: Stewart, Amy
name: Cram, Ashley
name: Morreale, Madlyn C.
name: Dizon, Samantha
name: deJong, Neal A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Criteria to define children with medical complexity (CMC).
Lévy walk dynamics in non-static media
Creators: name: Zhou, Tian
name: Xu, Pengbo
name: Deng, Weihua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Almost all the media the particles move in are non-static. Depending on the expected resolution of the studied dynamics and the amplitude of the displacement of the media, sometimes the non-static behaviours of the media can not be ignored. In this paper, we build the model describing Lévy walks in non-static media, where the physical and comoving coordinates are connected by scale factor. We derive the equation governing the probability density function of the position of the particles in comoving coordinate. Using the Hermite orthogonal polynomial expansions, some statistical properties are obtained, such as mean squared displacements (MSDs) in both coordinates and kurtosis. For some representative non-static media and Lévy walks, the asymptotic behaviors of MSDs in both coordinates are analyzed in detail. The stationary distributions and mean first passage time for some cases are also discussed through numerical simulations.
description: 13 pages, 10 figures
ANIMA D6.3 - Roadmap Version 1
Creators: name: Van Oosten, Nicolas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: aviation noise, roadmaps, X-Noise network

description: ANIMA Task 6.1 is dedicated to the definition and update of a common strategic research roadmap for aviation noise reduction, involving all key aspects related to mitigation solutions, assessment of noise effects on populations and community engagement.
 In the past, strategic research roadmaps have been elaborated, mainly for aircraft noise reduction technology and, more recently, management of aviation noise impact. These roadmaps have been defined and maintained as an essential part of the work of the X-Noise network, funded through subsequent Coordination Actions in FP5, FP6 and FP7. However, in H2020 this network was no longer funded, and the maintenance of the roadmaps was stalled, until some funding became available in ANIMA to resume this work.
 The starting point for the new roadmaps is therefore the set of roadmaps available at the end of the last X-Noise project (X-Noise-EV). A new structure of subsets has been developed, together with the design of a new, common, format. Due to the enlarged scope with non-technology related topics, the standard Technology Readiness Level (TRL) scaling has been extended to reflect also the maturity level of these topics.
 In ANIMA a scenario-based revision process of the common roadmap is introduced. This process is introduced in this report.
Adaptation of the generic PDE's results to the notion of prevalence
Creators: name: Joly, Romain
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35B30, 35P05, 37C20, 37D05, 37D15, 47F05, 58B15

description: Many generic results have been proved, especially concerning the qualitative behaviour of solutions of partial differential equations. Recently, a new notion of "almost always", the prevalence, has been developped for vectorial spaces. This notion is interesting since, for example, prevalence sets are equivalent to the full Lebesgue measure sets in finite dimensional spaces. The purpose of this article is to adapt the generic PDE's results to the notion of prevalence. In particular, we consider the cases where Sard-Smale theorems or arguments of analytic perturbations of the parameters are used.
Ball-and-stick models of the nitrous oxide molecule
Creators: name: Chen, Junjie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 30606 Structural Chemistry and Spectroscopy
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Nitrous oxide (dinitrogen oxide or dinitrogen monoxide), commonly known as laughing gas or nitrous, is a chemical compound, an oxide of nitrogen. At room temperature, it is a colourless non-flammable gas, and has a slightly sweet scent and taste. At elevated temperatures, nitrous oxide is a powerful oxidiser similar to molecular oxygen. It is also used as an oxidiser in rocket propellants, and in motor racing to increase the power output of engines. Nitrous oxide is used as a propellant, and has a variety of applications from rocketry to making whipped cream. Nitrous oxide may be used as an oxidiser in a rocket motor. It has advantages over other oxidisers in that it is much less toxic, and because of its stability at room temperature it is also easier to store and relatively safe to carry on a flight. As a secondary benefit, it may be decomposed readily to form breathing air. Its high density and low storage pressure (when maintained at low temperature) enable it to be highly competitive with stored high-pressure gas systems. Contributor: Junjie Chen, ORCID: 0000-0001-5055-4309, E-mail address: komcjj@gmail.com, Department of Energy and Power Engineering, School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, 2000 Century Avenue, Jiaozuo, Henan, 454000, P.R. China
Additional file 1 of Impaired neutralizing antibody response to COVID-19 mRNA vaccines in cancer patients
Creators: name: Zeng, Cong
name: Evans, John P.
name: Reisinger, Sarah
name: Woyach, Jennifer
name: Liscynesky, Christina
name: Boghdadly, Zeinab El
name: Rubinstein, Mark P.
name: Chakravarthy, Karthik
name: Saif, Linda
name: Oltz, Eugene M.
name: Gumina, Richard J.
name: Shields, Peter G.
name: Li, Zihai
name: Liu, Shan-Lu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases

description: Additional file 1. Materials and methods.
Oxidative Stress and Friedreich’s Ataxia
Creators: name: Bolotta, Alessandra <1982>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2014
Subjects: BIO/13 Biologia applicata

description: Friedreich’s Ataxia (FRDA) is a neurodegenerative disorder caused by a deficiency of the protein frataxin and characterized by oxidative stress. The first aim of my research project was to analyze the effects of tocotrienol in FRDA patients. Patients received for 2 months a low dose of tocotrienol. A number of biochemical parameters related to oxidative stress were studied. We consistently showed that taking for 2 months a low dose of tocotrienol led to the decrease of oxidative stress indexes in FRDA patients. Also, this study provides a suitable model to investigate the efficacy of natural compounds to counteract the oxidative stress in FRDA. 
Furthermore, we investigated whether the tocotrienol was able to modulate the expression of the frataxin isoforms (FXN-1, FXN -2, FXN-3) in FRDA patients. We demonstrated that tocotrienol leads to a specific and significant increase of FXN-3 expression. As no structural and functional details were available for FNX-2 and FXN-3, 3D-models were built. FXN-1, the canonical isoform, was then docked on the human iron-sulphur complex and functional interactions were computed; when FXN-1 was replaced by FXN-2 or FNX-3, we found that the interactions were maintained, thus suggesting a possible biological role for both isoforms.
The second aim of my research project was to investigate the role of a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the protein Sirtuin 6 in FRDA patients. In fact, it was known that those who harbour a SNP (Asn46/Ser46) in the gene enconding Sirt6 show a better outcome those individuals who are homozygous for the Asn 46 allele. We found that fibroblasts and iPSC-derived neurons from FRDA patients harboring the SNP (Asn46/Ser46) have a reduced amount of Sirt6 protein compared to cells from individuals who are homozygous for the prevalent Asn allele. Our studies provide new information on the role of Sirtuins in FRDA pathogenesis.
Quasi-Normal Modes of Massless Scalar Field around the 5D Ricci-flat Black String
Creators: name: Liu, Molin
name: Liu, Hongya
name: Gui, Yuanxing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As one candidate of the higher dimensional black holes, the 5D Ricci-flat black string is considered in this paper. By means of a non-trivial potential $V_{n}$, the quasi-normal modes of a massless scalar field around this black string space is studied. By using the classical third order WKB approximation, we analyse carefully the evolution of frequencies in two aspects, one is the induced cosmological constant $Λ$ and the other is the quantum number $n$. The massless scalar field decays more slowly because of the existences of the fifth dimension and the induced cosmological constant. If extra dimension has in fact existed near black hole, those quasi-normal frequencies may have some indication on it.
description: revtex4 source file, 11 pages, 5 figures
The design of a consumer information system in the supermarket environment
Creators: name: Berman, Moira Elaine
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The purpose of this thesis is to explore the possibility of creating and maintaining a database in the public domain. The concepts considered, relate to general computerized storage of consumer goods information, allowing dissemination of this information to the public. The focus however, is on a Consumer Information System (CIS) in the grocery industry, with emphasis on price data. The major topics discussed include the advent of the Universal Product Code, the subsequent introduction of automated checkout and scanning systems in supermarkets, interest groups involved, one possible design of the CIS, and the feasibility of such a system. The system is designed to meet a minimum set of objectives of the interest groups. Based on the analysis, the development of a CIS is feasible, subject to the mutual cooperation of the interest groups involved. Suggestions are made with regard to the practical implementation of the ideas generated. Future implications and possible research constitute the final sections of the thesis.
Gamma-ray Observation of the Cygnus Region in the 100 TeV Energy Region
Creators: name: Amenomori, M.
name: Bao, Y. W.
name: Bi, X. J.
name: Chen, D.
name: Chen, T. L.
name: Chen, W. Y.
name: Chen, Xu
name: Chen, Y.
name: Cirennima
name: Cui, S. W.
name: Danzengluobu
name: Ding, L. K.
name: Fang, J. H.
name: Fang, K.
name: Feng, C. F.
name: Feng, Zhaoyang
name: Feng, Z. Y.
name: Gao, Qi
name: Gomi, A.
name: Gou, Q. B.
name: Guo, Y. Q.
name: Guo, Y. Y.
name: He, H. H.
name: He, Z. T.
name: Hibino, K.
name: Hotta, N.
name: Hu, Haibing
name: Hu, H. B.
name: Huang, J.
name: Jia, H. Y.
name: Jiang, L.
name: Jiang, P.
name: Jin, H. B.
name: Kasahara, K.
name: Katayose, Y.
name: Kato, C.
name: Kato, S.
name: Kawata, K.
name: Kozai, M.
name: Kurashige, D.
name: Labaciren
name: Le, G. M.
name: Li, A. F.
name: Li, H. J.
name: Li, W. J.
name: Li, Y.
name: Lin, Y. H.
name: Liu, B.
name: Liu, C.
name: Liu, J. S.
name: Liu, L. Y.
name: Liu, M. Y.
name: Liu, W.
name: Liu, X. L.
name: Lou, Y. -Q.
name: Lu, H.
name: Meng, X. R.
name: Munakata, K.
name: Nakada, H.
name: Nakamura, Y.
name: Nakazawa, Y.
name: Nanjo, H.
name: Ning, C. C.
name: Nishizawa, M.
name: Ohnishi, M.
name: Ohura, T.
name: Okukawa, S.
name: Ozawa, S.
name: Qian, L.
name: Qian, X.
name: Qian, X. L.
name: Qu, X. B.
name: Saito, T.
name: Sakata, M.
name: Sako, T.
name: Sako, T. K.
name: Shao, J.
name: Shibata, M.
name: Shiomi, A.
name: Sugimoto, H.
name: Takano, W.
name: Takita, M.
name: Tan, Y. H.
name: Tateyama, N.
name: Torii, S.
name: Tsuchiya, H.
name: Udo, S.
name: Wang, H.
name: Wang, Y. P.
name: Wangdui
name: Wu, H. R.
name: Wu, Q.
name: Xu, J. L.
name: Xue, L.
name: Yamamoto, Y.
name: Yang, Z.
name: Yao, Y. Q.
name: Yin, J.
name: Yokoe, Y.
name: Yu, N. P.
name: Yuan, A. F.
name: Zhai, L. M.
name: Zhang, C. P.
name: Zhang, H. M.
name: Zhang, J. L.
name: Zhang, X.
name: Zhang, X. Y.
name: Zhang, Y.
name: Zhang, Yi
name: Zhang, Ying
name: Zhao, S. P.
name: Zhaxisangzhu
name: Zhou, X. X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report observations of gamma-ray emissions with energies in the 100 TeV energy region from the Cygnus region in our Galaxy. Two sources are significantly detected in the directions of the Cygnus OB1 and OB2 associations. Based on their positional coincidences, we associate one with a pulsar PSR J2032+4127 and the other mainly with a pulsar wind nebula PWN G75.2+0.1 with the pulsar moving away from its original birthplace situated around the centroid of the observed gamma-ray emission. This work would stimulate further studies of particle acceleration mechanisms at these gamma-ray sources.
description: Accepted for publication in the Physical Review Letters
Additional file 1 of Single-cell transcriptome identifies molecular subtype of autism spectrum disorder impacted by de novo loss-of-function variants regulating glial cells
Creators: name: Nassir, Nasna
name: Bankapur, Asma
name: Samara, Bisan
name: Ali, Abdulrahman
name: Ahmed, Awab
name: Inuwa, Ibrahim M.
name: Zarrei, Mehdi
name: Safizadeh Shabestari, Seyed Ali
name: AlBanna, Ammar
name: Howe, Jennifer L.
name: Berdiev, Bakhrom K.
name: Scherer, Stephen W.
name: Woodbury-Smith, Marc
name: Uddin, Mohammed
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1. Additional methods, dataset availability, Supplementary Figures, 1-27.
Additional file 1 of Assessing the social validity of a brief dietary survey for Sri Lankan adults with a focus on gender: a qualitative study
Creators: name: Renzella, Jessica
name: Fernando, Santhushya
name: Kalupahana, Buwaneka
name: Rayner, Mike
name: Scarborough, Peter
name: Townsend, Nick
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary file 1. Comparison of Sri Lankan Brief Dietary Survey and 24-h Dietary Recall characteristics
Palm distributions of wave characteristics in encountering seas
Creators: name: Aberg, Sofia
name: Rychlik, Igor
name: Leadbetter, M. Ross
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 60G15 (Primary) 60K40 (Secondary)

description: Distributions of wave characteristics of ocean waves, such as wave slope, waveheight or wavelength, are an important tool in a variety of oceanographic applications such as safety of ocean structures or in the study of ship stability, as will be the focus in this paper. We derive Palm distributions of several wave characteristics that can be related to steepness of waves for two different cases, namely for waves observed along a line at a fixed time point and for waves encountering a ship sailing on the ocean. The relation between the distributions obtained in the two cases is also given physical interpretation in terms of a ``Doppler shift'' that is related to the velocity of the ship and the velocities of the individual waves.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/07-AAP480 the Annals of Applied Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aap/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Structural study and evaluation of thermoelectric properties of single-phase isocubanite (CuFe2S3) synthesized via an ultra-fast efficient microwave radiation technique
Creators: name: Barbier, Tristan
name: Srinivasan, Bhuvanesh
name: Berthebaud, David
name: Eyert, Volker
name: Frésard, Raymond
name: Macaigne, Rodolphe
name: Marinel, Sylvain
name: Lebedev, Oleg I.
name: Guilmeau, Emmanuel
name: Maignan, Antoine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The current state-of-the-art thermoelectric materials are generally composed of expensive, scarce, and toxic elements. In this respect, copper-based sulfide compounds have emerged as viable alternatives. Herein, we report for the first time the successful synthesis of single-phase cubic isocubanite CuFe2S3 using mechanical-alloying combined with microwave-assisted synthesis. The isocubanite phase synthesized via this ultra-fast out-of-equilibrium process exhibits a maximum thermoelectric figure of merit, zTmax ~ 0.14 at 673 K. Besides the thermoelectric properties, insights about the structure of isocubanite, based on the refinement of X-ray diffraction data and first principles calculations, are also investigated in detail. It confirms that the Cu-Fe cations in synthetic isocubanite overwhelmingly occupy the 4d sites of the cubic structure in an inherently disordered fashion.
description: 18 pages, 7 figures
Infinite-randomness quantum critical points induced by dissipation
Creators: name: Vojta, Thomas
name: Kotabage, Chetan
name: Hoyos, J. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a strong-disorder renormalization group to study quantum phase transitions with continuous O$(N)$ symmetry order parameters under the influence of both quenched disorder and dissipation. For Ohmic dissipation, as realized in Hertz' theory of the itinerant antiferromagnetic transition or in the superconductor-metal transition in nanowires, we find the transition to be governed by an exotic infinite-randomness fixed point in the same universality class as the (dissipationless) random transverse-field Ising model. We determine the critical behavior and calculate key observables at the transition and in the associated quantum Griffiths phase. We also briefly discuss the cases of superohmic and subohmic dissipations.
description: 11 pages, 3eps figures embedded, final version as published
Large Scale Structure traced by Molecular Gas at High Redshift
Creators: name: Stanway, E. R.
name: Bremer, M. N.
name: Davies, L. J. M.
name: Birkinshaw, M.
name: Douglas, L. S.
name: Lehnert, M. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present observations of redshifted CO(1-0) and CO(2-1) in a field containing an overdensity of Lyman break galaxies (LBGs) at z=5.12. Our Australia Telescope Compact Array observations were centered between two spectroscopically-confirmed z=5.12 galaxies. We place upper limits on the molecular gas masses in these two galaxies of M(H_2) <1.7 x 10^10 M_sun and <2.9 x 10^9 M_sun (2 sigma), comparable to their stellar masses. We detect an optically-faint line emitter situated between the two LBGs which we identify as warm molecular gas at z=5.1245 +/- 0.0001. This source, detected in the CO(2-1) transition but undetected in CO(1-0), has an integrated line flux of 0.106 +/- 0.012 Jy km/s, yielding an inferred gas mass M(H_2)=(1.9 +/- 0.2) x 10^10 M_sun. Molecular line emitters without detectable counterparts at optical and infrared wavelengths may be crucial tracers of structure and mass at high redshift.
description: 4 pages, accepted for publication in ApJ Letters
Realistic Earth matter effects and a method to acquire information about small θ_{13} in the detection of supernova neutrinos
Creators: name: Guo, Xin-Heng
name: Huang, Ming-Yang
name: Young, Bing-Lin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we first calculate the realistic Earth matter effects in the detection of type II supernova neutrinos at the Daya Bay reactor neutrino experiment which is currently under construction. It is found that the Earth matter effects depend on the neutrino incident angle $θ$, the neutrino mass hierarchy $Δm_{31}^{2}$, the crossing probability at the high resonance region inside the supernova, $P_{H}$, the neutrino temperature, $T_α$, and the pinching parameter in the neutrino spectrum, $η_α$. We also take into account the collective effects due to neutrino-neutrino interactions inside the supernova. With the expression for the dependence of $P_H$ on the neutrino mixing angle $θ_{13}$, we obtain the relations between $θ_{13}$ and the event numbers for various reaction channels of supernova neutrinos. Using these relations, we propose a possible method to acquire information about $θ_{13}$ smaller than $1.5^\circ$. Such a sensitivity cannot yet be achieved by the Daya Bay reactor neutrino experiment which has a sensitivity of the order of $θ_{13}\sim 3^\circ$. Furthermore, we apply this method to other neutrino experiments, i.e. Super-K, SNO, KamLAND, LVD, MinBooNE, Borexino, and Double-Chooz. We also study the energy spectra of the differential event numbers, ${\rm d}N/{\rm d}E$.
description: 22 pages, 11 figures
Investigating the true nature of three hard X-ray sources
Creators: name: Molina, Manuela
name: Malizia, Angela
name: Masetti, Nicola
name: Bassani, Loredana
name: Bazzano, Angela
name: Bird, Anthony J.
name: Fiocchi, Mariateresa
name: Palazzi, Eliana
name: Ubertini, Pietro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many of the new high energy sources discovered both by INTEGRAL/IBIS and Swift/BAT have been characterised thanks to extensive, multi-band follow-up campaigns, but there are still objects whose nature remains to be asserted. In this paper we investigate the true nature of three high energy sources, IGR J12134-6015, IGR J16058-7253 and Swift J2037.2+4151, employing multiwavelength data from the NIR to the X-rays. Through Gaia and ESO-VLT measurements and through Swift/XRT X-ray spectral analysis, we re-evaluate the classification for IGR J12134-6015, arguing that the source is a Galactic object and in particular a Cataclysmic Variable. We were able to confirm, thanks to NuSTAR observations, that the hard X-ray emission detected by INTEGRAL/IBIS and Swift/BAT from IGR J16058-7253 is coming from two Seyfert 2 galaxies which are both counterparts for this source. Through optical and X-ray spectral analysis of Swift J2037.2+4151 we find that this source is likely part of the rare and peculiar class of Symbiotic X-ray binaries and displays flux and spectral variability as well as interesting spectral features, such as a blending of several emission lines around the iron line complex.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication on MNRAS
Cooperative oscillation of non-degenerate transverse modes in an optical system: multimode operation in parametric oscillators
Creators: name: Amon, Axelle
name: Suret, Pierre
name: Bielawski, Serge
name: Derozier, Dominique
name: Lefranc, Marc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show experimentally that parametric interaction can induce a cooperative oscillation of non simultaneously resonant transverse modes in an optical parametric oscillator. More generally, this effect is expected to occur in any spatially extended system subjected to boundary conditions where nonlinear wave mixing of two nonresonant spatial modes can generate a resonant oscillation.
The Least Luminous Galaxy: Spectroscopy of the Milky Way Satellite Segue 1
Creators: name: Geha, Marla
name: Willman, Beth
name: Simon, Josh D.
name: Strigari, Louis E.
name: Kirby, Evan N.
name: Law, David R.
name: Strader, Jay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present Keck/DEIMOS spectroscopy of Segue 1, an ultra-low luminosity (M_V = -1.5) Milky Way satellite companion. While the combined size and luminosity of Segue 1 are consistent with either a globular cluster or a dwarf galaxy, we present spectroscopic evidence that this object is a dark matter-dominated dwarf galaxy. We identify 24 stars as members of Segue 1 with a mean heliocentric recession velocity of 206 +/- 1.3 kms. We measure an internal velocity dispersion of 4.3+/-1.2 kms. Under the assumption that these stars are in dynamical equilibrium, we infer a total mass of 4.5^{+4.7}_{-2.5} x 10^5 Msun in the case where mass-follow-light; using a two-component maximum likelihood model, we determine a similar mass within the stellar radius of 50 pc. This implies a mass-to-light ratio of ln(M/L_V) = 7.2^{+1.1}_{-1.2} or M/L_V = 1320^{+2680}_{-940}. The error distribution of the mass-to-light ratio is nearly log-normal, thus Segue 1 is dark matter-dominated at a high significance. Using spectral synthesis modeling, we derive a metallicity for the single red giant branch star in our sample of [Fe/H]=-3.3 +/- 0.2 dex. Finally, we discuss the prospects for detecting gamma-rays from annihilation of dark matter particles and show that Segue 1 is the most promising satellite for indirect dark matter detection. We conclude that Segue 1 is the least luminous of the ultra-faint galaxies recently discovered around the Milky Way, and is thus the least luminous known galaxy.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures, ApJ accepted
Puzzling X-rays from the new colliding wind binary WR65
Creators: name: Oskinova, L. M.
name: Hamann, W. -R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the discovery of variability in the X-ray emission from the Wolf-Rayet type star WR 65. Using archival Chandra data spanning over 5 yr we detect changes of the X-ray flux by a factor of 3 accompanied by changes in the X-ray spectra. We believe that this X-ray emission originates from wind-wind collision in a massive binary system. The observed changes can be explained by the variations in the emission measure of the hot plasma, and by the different absorption column along the binary orbit. The X-ray spectra of WR 65 display prominent emission features at wavelengths corresponding to the lines of strongly ionized Fe, Ca, Ar, S, Si, and Mg. WR 65 is a carbon rich WC9d star that is a persistent dust maker. This is the first investigation of any X-ray spectrum for a star of this spectral type. There are indications that the dust and the complex geometry of the colliding wind region are pivotal in explaining the X-ray properties of WR 65.
description: MNRAS:Letters, in press
title: Front Matter, Table of Contents, Preface, List of Authors
Creators: name: Krishnamurthi, Shriram
name: Lerner, Benjamin S.
Publisher: name: Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Front Matter
subject: Table of Contents
subject: Preface
subject: List of Authors

description: Front Matter, Table of Contents, Preface, List of Authors
description: LIPIcs, Vol. 56, 30th European Conference on Object-Oriented Programming (ECOOP 2016), pages 0:i-0:xiv