cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Rarefied gas flow between moving plates with heat transfer
Creators: name: Μισδανίτης, Σεραφείμ Γεώργιος
Publisher: name: University of Thessaly
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: ΘΕΡΜΟΤΗΤΑ, ΜΕΤΑΦΟΡΑ ΤΗΣ
subject: ΡΕΥΣΤΟΔΥΝΑΜΙΚΗ

description: The state of a single-species monatomic gas under rarefied conditions remains a fundamental research problem with important applications. The most powerful approaches to handle this type of flows is the Direct Simulation Monte Carlo method and the kinetic theory. Here, we apply the latter one. In particular, we apply the non-linear Bhatnagar-Gross-Krook (BGK) and Shakhov (S) kinetic model equations, subject to Maxwell diffuse boundary conditions, to solve the one dimensional compressible Couette flow problem coupled with heat transfer. The intermolecular collisions are modeled by the inverse power law model. The computational scheme is based on finite differencing in the physical space and on the discrete velocity method in the molecular velocity space.. The numerical solution is valid in the whole range of the Knudsen number. Its accuracy has been tested in several ways including the recovery of the corresponding analytical solutions at the free molecular and hydrodynamic regimes and the successful comparison with previous results. In all cases excellent agreement has been demonstrated. In addition, a detailed comparison between the simple BGK model with the more sophisticated Shakhov model, clearly indicates that the BGK model remains a reliable choice at least for engineering purposes. Also, the application of the hard sphere and Maxwell molecular models for intermolecular interaction shows that the intermolecular potential model does not significantly influence the flow properties and characteristics. Results for the bulk quantities of velocity, temperature, vertical and horizontal heat flux, density, pressure and shear stress have been presented in terms of the three dimensionless parameters describing the flow configuration, namely the rarefaction parameter, the temperature ratio and the relative velocity of the plates. Several interesting issues related to the combined momentum and heat transfer effects have been studied. It has been found that the velocity slip and the temperature jump are larger at the hot plate compared to the ones at the cold plate. Moreover, the pressure distribution is a function of the spatial variable in the transition regime. This is also due to the rarefaction of the flow. Even more, the flow is characterized by the presence of an horizontal axial heat flux, which increases as the rarefaction of the gas is increased and which is present only when both velocity and temperature gradients exist in the flow. This is a non-equilibrium cross effect and it vanishes at the hydrodynamic limit.
Stochastic processes governed by the generalized telegraph process and by Brownian motion and their applications
Creators: name: Travaglino, Fabio
Publisher: name: Universita degli studi di Salerno
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: MAT/06 PROBABILITÀ E STATISTICA MATEMATICA
subject: Telegraph process
subject: Brownian motion

description: 2019 - 2020
description: The aim of this research thesis is to broaden the treatment of stochastic processes derived from the telegraph process and Brownian motion. First, the classical telegraph process is presented. The Kolmogorov equations and the telegraph equation for the transition density are derived, as well as an explicit form for the latter. The results are extended to a generalization of the telegraph process that admits velocities with different absolute value, whose alternation is governed by a generic counting process with independent increments. Then, a generalization of the telegraph process whose sample-paths fluctuates around the zero state is considered. The latter process describes the motion of a particle on the real line, which is characterized by constant velocities and state-dependent intensities that vanish when the motion is toward the origin. This assumption allows to adopt an approach based on renewal theory to obtain formal expressions of the forward and backward transition densities of the process. The special case when certain random times of the motion possess gamma distribution leads to closed-form expressions of the transition densities, given in terms of the generalized Mittag- Leffler function. A first-passage-time problem for the considered process is also addressed. Then a stochastic process defined as the sum of a Brownian motion and a generalized integrated telegraph process is presented, focusing in particular on the case in which the inter-arrival times have an exponential distribution. Explicit forms are derived for the transition density and flow function of the process, as well as a differential system that generalizes the Kolmogorov equations. Based on the latter process, a stochastic model to describe the vertical motions in the Campi Flegrei volcanic region is proposed. After a brief description of the phenomenon and of the available data sets, a statistical procedure is presented to identify the points of changes in the trend of the motion and the corresponding inflation and deflation episodes, as well as to estimate the velocities of motion, the turning rates and the infinitesimal variance of motion. The estimates obtained, combined with the knowledge of the probability laws that regulate the motion, enables predictions of ground displacements and their changing tendency at future time instants. To verify the admissibility of the model, a statistical test on the Brownian component is performed. Finally, there is room for some remarks on the obtained results and considerations on possible future developments. [edited by Author]
Sun-to-Earth Characteristics of Two Coronal Mass Ejections Interacting near 1 AU: Formation of a Complex Ejecta and Generation of a Two-Step Geomagnetic Storm
Creators: name: Liu, Ying D.
name: Yang, Zhongwei
name: Wang, Rui
name: Luhmann, Janet G.
name: Richardson, John D.
name: Lugaz, Noé
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: On 2012 September 30 - October 1 the Earth underwent a two-step geomagnetic storm. We examine the Sun-to-Earth characteristics of the coronal mass ejections (CMEs) responsible for the geomagnetic storm with combined heliospheric imaging and in situ observations. The first CME, which occurred on 2012 September 25, is a slow event and shows an acceleration followed by a nearly invariant speed in the whole Sun-Earth space. The second event, launched from the Sun on 2012 September 27, exhibits a quick acceleration, then a rapid deceleration and finally a nearly constant speed, a typical Sun-to-Earth propagation profile for fast CMEs \citep{liu13}. These two CMEs interacted near 1 AU as predicted by the heliospheric imaging observations and formed a complex ejecta observed at Wind, with a shock inside that enhanced the pre-existing southward magnetic field. Reconstruction of the complex ejecta with the in situ data indicates an overall left-handed flux rope-like configuration, with an embedded concave-outward shock front, a maximum magnetic field strength deviating from the flux rope axis and convex-outward field lines ahead of the shock. While the reconstruction results are consistent with the picture of CME-CME interactions, a magnetic cloud-like structure without clear signs of CME interactions \citep{lugaz14} is anticipated when the merging process is finished.
description: 15 pages, 5 figures. Accepted for publication in ApJ Letters
A new method for computing self-gravity in an isolated system
Creators: name: Chan, James H. H.
name: Chiueh, Tzihong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new approximation method for inverting the Poisson's equation is presented for a continuously distributed and finite-sized source in an unbound domain. The advantage of this image multipole method arises from its ability to place the computational error close to the computational domain boundary, making the source region almost error free. It is contrasted to the modified Green's function method that has small but finite errors in the source region. Moreover, this approximation method also has a systematic way to greatly reduce the errors at the expense of somewhat greater computational efforts. Numerical examples of three-dimensional and two-dimensional cases are given to illustrate the advantage of the new method.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures
title: Ασταθής φόρτιση ταλαντούμενου πτερυγίου και απεικόνιση ασταθούς ροής
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Καπτσιανού, Δήμητρα
Publisher: name: University of Thessaly
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: ΡΟΗ -- ΟΠΤΙΚΗ ΑΠΕΙΚΟΝΙΣΗ
subject: ΡΕΥΣΤΟΜΗΧΑΝΙΚΗ

description: Το πεδίο ροής και τα ασταθή αεροδυναμικά φορτία μελετήθηκαν πειραματικά και υπολογιστικά σε πτερύγιο NACA 0015 χορδής c=125mm το οποίο ταλαντώνεται στη διεύθυνση της ροής. Η μελέτη του πεδίου πραγματοποιήθηκε με οπτικοποίηση με καπνό σε αεροσήραγγα. Κυρίως μελετήθηκε η επίδραση της γωνίας προσβολής και της συχνότητας ταλάντωσης στο πεδίο ροής, στην επιφάνεια αναρρόφησης και στο κοντινό απόρευμα. Για τη μέτρηση των ασταθών αεροδυναμικών φορτίων χρησιμοποιήθηκε τριαξονικός πιεζοηλεκτρικός αισθητήρας. Από τις μετρήσεις της ασταθούς άνωσης που πραγματοποιήθηκαν προκύπτουν αποκλίσεις από τη ψευδοστατική συμπεριφορά καθώς η διαφορά φάσης μεταξύ της σχετικής ταχύτητας UR και της ασταθούς άνωσης είναι μεγαλύτερη του μηδενός. Παρατηρήθηκε επίσης αύξηση της άνωσης με αύξηση της ανηγμένης συχνότητας. Η ασταθής οπισθέλκουσα με αύξηση της συχνότητας αυξάνεται κάτι που επαληθεύεται και από τη διάταξη των δινών στο απόρευμα του πτερυγίου. Τα αποτελέσματα των υπολογισμών επιβεβαίωσαν σε μεγάλο βαθμό τα πειραματικά αποτελέσματα.
Driver Assistance Eco-driving and Transmission Control with Deep Reinforcement Learning
Creators: name: Kerbel, Lindsey
name: Ayalew, Beshah
name: Ivanco, Andrej
name: Loiselle, Keith
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: With the growing need to reduce energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions, Eco-driving strategies provide a significant opportunity for additional fuel savings on top of other technological solutions being pursued in the transportation sector. In this paper, a model-free deep reinforcement learning (RL) control agent is proposed for active Eco-driving assistance that trades-off fuel consumption against other driver-accommodation objectives, and learns optimal traction torque and transmission shifting policies from experience. The training scheme for the proposed RL agent uses an off-policy actor-critic architecture that iteratively does policy evaluation with a multi-step return and policy improvement with the maximum posteriori policy optimization algorithm for hybrid action spaces. The proposed Eco-driving RL agent is implemented on a commercial vehicle in car following traffic. It shows superior performance in minimizing fuel consumption compared to a baseline controller that has full knowledge of fuel-efficiency tables.
In-Cell Synthesis of Bioorthogonal Alkene Tag S-Allyl-Homocysteine and Its Coupling with Reprogrammed Translation
Creators: name: Nojoumi, Saba
name: Ma, Ying
name: Schwagerus, Sergej
name: Hackenberger, Christian
name: Budisa, Nediljko
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: biorthogonal conjugations
subject: deallylation/deprotection
subject: direct sulfhydration/transsulfuration pathway
subject: homocysteine
subject: methionine metabolism
subject: non-canonical amino acids
subject: O-acetyl-homoserine
subject: reprogrammed translation
subject: S-allyl-homocysteine
subject: selective labelling
subject: 540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften
subject: 570 Biologie

description: In this study, we report our initial results on in situ biosynthesis of S-allyl-l-homocysteine (Sahc) by simple metabolic conversion of allyl mercaptan in Escherichia coli, which served as the host organism endowed with a direct sulfhydration pathway. The intracellular synthesis we describe in this study is coupled with the direct incorporation of Sahc into proteins in response to methionine codons. Together with O-acetyl-homoserine, allyl mercaptan was added to the growth medium, followed by uptake and intracellular reaction to give Sahc. Our protocol efficiently combined the in vivo synthesis of Sahc via metabolic engineering with reprogrammed translation, without the need for a major change in the protein biosynthesis machinery. Although the system needs further optimisation to achieve greater intracellular Sahc production for complete protein labelling, we demonstrated its functional versatility for photo-induced thiol-ene coupling and the recently developed phosphonamidate conjugation reaction. Importantly, deprotection of Sahc leads to homocysteine-containing proteins—a potentially useful approach for the selective labelling of thiols with high relevance in various medical settings.
Slit device for FOCCoS, PFS, Subaru
Creators: name: de Oliveira, Antonio Cesar
name: Gunn, James E.
name: de Oliveira, Ligia Souza
name: de Arruda, Marcio Vital
name: Marrara, Lucas Souza
name: Santos, Leandro Henrique dos
name: Ferreira, Décio
name: Santos, Jesulino Bispo dos
name: Rosa, Josimar Aparecido
name: Ribeiro, Flavio Felipe
name: Vilaça, Rodrigo de Paiva
name: Junior, Orlando Verducci
name: Junior, Laerte Sodré
name: de Oliveira, Claudia Mendes
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Fiber Optical Cable and Connector System, FOCCoS, subsystem of the Prime Focus Spectrograph, PFS, for Subaru telescope, is responsible to feed four spectrographs with a set of optical fibers cables. The light injection for each spectrograph is assured by a convex curved slit with a linear array of 616 optical fibers. In this paper we present a design of a slit that ensures the right direction of the fibers by using masks of micro holes. This kind of mask is made by a technique called electroforming, which is able to produce a nickel plate with holes in a linear sequence. The precision error is around 1micron in the diameter and 1 micron in the positions of the holes. This nickel plate may be produced with a thickness between 50 and 200 microns, so it may be very flexible. This flexibility allows the mask to be bent into the shape necessary for a curved slit. The concept requires two masks, which we call Front Mask, and Rear Mask, separated by a gap that defines the thickness of the slit. The pitch and the diameter of the holes define the linear geometry of the slit; the curvature of each mask defines the angular geometry of the slit. Obviously, this assembly must be mounted inside a structure rigid and strong enough to be supported inside the spectrograph. This structure must have a CTE optimized to avoid displacement of the fibers or increased FRD of the fibers when the device is submitted to temperatures around 3 degrees Celsius, the temperature of operation of the spectrograph. We have produced two models. Both are mounted inside a very compact Invar case, and both have their front surfaces covered by a dark composite, to reduce stray light. Furthermore, we have conducted experiments with two different internal structures to minimize effects caused by temperature gradients.
Gaussian Memory in Kinematic Matrix Theory for Self-Propellers
Creators: name: Nourhani, Amir
name: Crespi, Vincent H.
name: Lammert, Paul E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extend the kinematic matrix ("kinematrix") formalism [Phys. Rev. E 89, 062304 (2014)], which via simple matrix algebra accesses ensemble properties of self-propellers influenced by uncorrelated noise, to treat Gaussian correlated noises. This extension brings into reach many real-world biological and biomimetic self-propellers for which inertia is significant. Applying the formalism, we analyze in detail ensemble behaviors of a 2D self-propeller with velocity fluctuations and orientation evolution driven by an Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process. On the basis of exact results, a variety of dynamical regimes determined by the inertial, speed-fluctuation, orientational diffusion, and emergent disorientation time scales are delineated and discussed.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
title: Συνοχή της ομάδας, συναίσθημα στην εργασία και επαγγελματική εξουθένωση : σύγκριση εκπαιδευτικού με τον ιδιωτικό τομέα
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Τερζούδη, Ελευθερία
Publisher: name: University of Thessaly
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: ΕΡΓΑΣΙΑ ΚΑΙ ΕΡΓΑΖΟΜΕΝΟΙ -- ΨΥΧΟΛΟΓΙΚΕΣ ΑΠΟΨΕΙΣ
subject: ΕΡΓΑΣΙΑΚΕΣ ΣΧΕΣΕΙΣ

description: Βασικό στόχο της παρούσας έρευνας αποτέλεσε η μελέτη της Συνοχής της Εργασιακής Ομάδας και η πιθανή συσχέτισή της με ατομικές συνιστώσες των εργαζομένων στην εκπαίδευση, σε σύγκριση με εργαζομένους του ιδιωτικού τομέα. Ως εξαρτημένες ατομικές μεταβλητές εξετάστηκαν η Επαγγελματική Ικανοποίηση, η Επαγγελματική Εξουθένωση και ο Γενικός Δείκτης Υγείας (GHQ). Για τη στατιστική ανάλυση χρησιμοποιήθηκαν δεδομένα από 109 εκπαιδευτικούς, σε ελληνικά σχολεία πρωτοβάθμιας και δευτεροβάθμιας εκπαίδευσης, τα οποία μελετήθηκαν σε σύγκριση με δεδομένα από 130 υπαλλήλους στον ιδιωτικό τραπεζικό τομέα. Με βάση τα πορίσματα της έρευνας, η Συνοχή της Εργασιακής Ομάδας συσχετίζεται θετικά με την Επαγγελματική Ικανοποίηση και το Γενικό Δείκτη Υγείας του εργαζομένου, ενώ, αντιθέτως, αρνητική είναι η συσχέτισή της με την Επαγγελματική Εξουθένωση. Στις παραπάνω επιδράσεις της Συνοχής της Εργασιακής Ομάδας προέκυψε πως μεσολαβεί σημαντικά το θετικό και αρνητικό συναίσθημα στην εργασία. Αντίθετα, το φύλο ή το επάγγελμα δεν παρουσίασε συσχετισμό με την Συνοχή της Εργασιακής Ομάδας. Το αρνητικό συναίσθημα στην εργασία φάνηκε να επιδρά θετικά στην επαγγελματική ικανοποίηση του εκπαιδευτικού, συγκεκριμένα, και να συνδέεται με μείωση της συναισθηματικής εξάντλησής του και της αποπροσωποποίησης. Σε γενικότερο επίπεδο, η έρευνα υπογραμμίζει τη σημασία που έχει η Συνοχή της Εργασιακής Ομάδας για τον εργαζόμενο και εστιάζει σε πιθανές διαφοροποιήσεις της οργανωσιακής κουλτούρας σε διαφορετικά επαγγέλματα.
Harnessing the Data Revolution Earth Data Science Corps- Fulfilling Workforce Demand at the Intersection of Environmental Science and Data Science Program
Creators: name: Quarderer, Nathan
name: Ward, Emily
name: Pérez, Paula
name: Montaño, Patricia
name: Lab, Earth
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Environmental education curriculum and pedagogy
Geography education curriculum and pedagogy
Science, technology and engineering curriculum and pedagogy

description: Evaluation report 2 of 2 for program period May 2020 to September 2022 of findings for the Earth Data Science Corps program at Earth Lab, funded by NSF Award #1924337
title: Απόκριση συστημάτων με τμηματικά γραμμική ακαμψία υπο μεταβατικές διεγέρσεις
titleType: AlternativeTitle
title: Response of piecewise linear systems under transient excitations
Creators: name: Πέρρος, Κυριάκος Κ.
Publisher: name: University of Thessaly
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: ΔΟΜΙΚΗ ΔΥΝΑΜΙΚΗ
subject: ΔΟΜΙΚΗ ΑΝΑΛΥΣΗ (ΜΗΧΑΝΙΚΗ) -- ΕΡΕΥΝΑ

description: This work investigates the response of a class of nonlinear elastic systems with piecewise linear characteristics, arising in mechanical and civil engineering applications. The study focuses on civil engineering applications related to the response of bridges equipped with elastomeric bearings for isolation of the structure, as well as seismic stoppers in order to resist strong earthquake base motions. In the present study these systems are represented by single degree of freedom structural models with piecewise linear elastic stiffness elements. In order to gain useful insight into the behavior of these systems, the behavior of single degree of freedom piecewise linear elastic mechanical models is first investigated under short duration sine pulse excitation. Then, the response of such system under long duration transient earthquake excitations is discussed. The analysis is concentrated on deterministic response spectra characteristics and the estimation of the sensitivity of these spectra to system and loading parameters such as stiffness ratio, gap sizes between deck structure and stoppers, excitation strength and frequency content. It is shown that the performance of such systems to transient excitation can be enhanced by optimally designing the system parameter values.
Multi-fibers connectors systems for FOCCoS-PFS-Subaru
Creators: name: de Oliveira, Antonio Cesar
name: de Oliveira, Ligia Souza
name: Marrara, Lucas Souza
name: Santos, Leandro Henrique dos
name: de Arruda, Marcio Vital
name: Santos, Jesulino Bispo dos
name: Ferreira, Décio
name: Rosa, Josimar Aparecido
name: Vilaca, Rodrigo de Paiva
name: de Oliveira, Laerte Sodre Junior Claudia Mendes
name: Gunn, James E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Fiber Optical Cable and Connector System (FOCCoS), provides optical connection between 2400 positioners and a set of spectrographs through optical fibers cables as part of PFS instrument for Subaru telescope. The optical fiber cable will be segmented in 3 parts along the route, cable A, cable B and cable C, connected by a set of multi-fiber connectors. The company USCONEC produces the multi-fiber connector under study. The USCONEC 32F model can connect 32 optical fibers in a 4 x 8 matrix arrangement. The ferrules are made of a durable composite, Polyphenylene Sulfide (PPS) based thermoplastic. The connections are held in place by a push-on/pull-off latch, and the connector can also be distinguished by a pair of metal guide pins that protrude from the front of the connector. Two fibers per connector will be used for monitoring the connection procedure. It was found to be easy to polish and it is small enough to be mounted in groups. Highly multiplexed instruments like PFS require a fiber connector system that can deliver excellent optical performance and reliability. PFS requires two different types of structures to organize the connectors. The Tower Connector system, with 80 multi-fiber connectors, will be a group of connectors for connecting cable B (Telescope Structure) with cable C (Positioners Plate). The Gang Connector system is a group of 8 gang connectors, each one with 12 multi-fibers connectors, for connecting cable B (Telescope Structure) with cable A (Spectrograph). The bench tests with these connector systems and the chosen fibers should measure the throughput of light and the stability after many connections and disconnections. In this paper we describe tests and procedures to evaluate the throughput and FRD increment. The lifetime of the ferrules is also in evaluation.
Giant spin ensembles in waveguide magnonics
Creators: name: Wang, Zi-Qi
name: Wang, Yi-Pu
name: Yao, Jiguang
name: Shen, Rui-Chang
name: Wu, Wei-Jiang
name: Qian, Jie
name: Li, Jie
name: Zhu, Shi-Yao
name: You, J. Q.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dipole approximation is usually employed to describe light-matter interactions under ordinary conditions. With the development of artificial atomic systems, `giant atom' physics is possible, where the scale of atoms is comparable to or even greater than the wavelength of the light they interact with, and the dipole approximation is no longer valid. It reveals interesting physics impossible in small atoms and may offer useful applications. Here, we experimentally demonstrate the giant spin ensemble (GSE), where a ferromagnetic spin ensemble interacts twice with the meandering waveguide, and the coupling strength between them can be continuously tuned from finite (coupled) to zero (decoupled) by varying the frequency. In the nested configuration, we investigate the collective behavior of two GSEs and find extraordinary phenomena that cannot be observed in conventional systems. Our experiment offers a new platform for `giant atom' physics.
description: 16 pages, 8 figures
Harnessing the Data Revolution Earth Data Science Corps- Fulfilling Workforce Demand at the Intersection of Environmental Science and Data Science Program
Creators: name: Lab, Earth
name: Quarderer, Nathan
name: Ward, Emily
name: Pérez, Paula
name: Montaño, Patricia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Environmental education curriculum and pedagogy
Geography education curriculum and pedagogy
Science, technology and engineering curriculum and pedagogy

description: Evaluation report 2 of 2 for program period May 2020 to September 2022 of findings for the Earth Data Science Corps program at Earth Lab, funded by NSF Award #1924337
Experimental Verification of Overlimiting Current by Surface Conduction and Electro-osmotic Flow in Microchannels
Creators: name: Nam, Sungmin
name: Cho, Inhee
name: Heo, Joonseong
name: Lim, Geunbae
name: Bazant, Martin Z.
name: Sung, Gunyong
name: Kim, Sung Jae
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Possible mechanisms of overlimiting current in unsupported electrolytes, exceeding diffusion limitation, have been intensely studied for their fundamental significance and applications to desalination, separations, sensing, and energy storage. In bulk membrane systems, the primary physical mechanism is electro-convection, driven by electro-osmotic instability on the membrane surface. It has recently been predicted that confinement by charged surfaces in microchannels or porous media favors two new mechanisms, electro-osmotic flow (EOF) and surface conduction (SC), driven by large electric fields in the depleted region acting on the electric double layers on the sidewalls. Here, we provide the first direct evidence for the transition from SC to EOF above a critical channel height, using in situ particle tracking and current-voltage measurements in a micro/nanofluidic device. The dependence of the over-limiting conductance on channel depth (d) is consistent with theoretical predictions, scaling as d^-1 for SC and d^4/5 for EOF with a transition around d=8um. This complete picture of surface-driven over-limiting current can guide engineering applications of ion concentration polarization phenomena in microfluidics and porous media.
Higher QCD corrections for inclusive semileptonic B decays
Creators: name: Fael, M.
Publisher: name: Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati (SISSA)
Year: 2022

description: In these proceedings we review the calculation of the total decay rate for inclusive $B→X_{c}ℓ \overline{ν}_{ℓ}$ decays to higher orders in perturbative QCD. The partonic rate is obtained via an asymptotic expansion around the limit $1−m_{c}/m_{b}≪1$. The same method can be used to compute kinematic moments in case no experimental cuts are applied, i.e.\ moments of the differential rate integrated over the whole phase space. We discuss the impact of the $O(α^3_{s})$ corrections on the total semileptonic decay rate and the moments of the dilepton invariant mass $q^{2}$.
‘rediscovery’ of Mendel’s laws reconsidered. The role of Armin von Tschermak-Seysenegg (1870-1952) - a keynote address
Creators: name: Simunek Michal, V.
name: Levit Georgy, S.
name: Hossfeld Uwe
Publisher: name: Историко-биологические исследования
Year: 2017
Subjects: MENDEL LAWS
'REDISCOVERY'
CLASSICAL GENETICS
TSCHERMAK E
TSCHERMAK A
ЗАКОНЫ МЕНДЕЛЯ
"ПЕРЕОТКРЫТИЕ"
КЛАССИЧЕСКАЯ ГЕНЕТИКА
ЧЕРМАКЕ
ЧЕРМАКА

description: The so-called ‘rediscovery’ of Mendel’s work in 1900 is considered as the turning point in both in the history of biology and genetics as a new and progressive discipline. This paper adds a new perspective on the events of 1900 and 1901. It is based on the evaluation of the private correspondence between the siblings of Erich and Armin von TschermakSeyseneggs, which remained unknown for many decades.
title: Understanding environmental risk factors associated with vasculitis in United Kingdom
Creators: name: Havyarimana, Enock
Publisher: name: University of Glasgow
Year: 2023

description: Systemic vasculitis constitutes a range of multi-system disorders that affect small, to medium, and large blood vessels. These disorders affect 1 to 34 cases per million population each year with ANCA-Associated vasculitis (AAV) and Giant cell arteritis (GCA) being the most prevalent vasculitis in people over the age 50. The aetiology is still unknown. Recent evidence has suggested that occupation airborne exposures and serious infections may be an important risk factor for AAV. The extent to which this is true at population level is not yet clear. The primary objectives of this thesis were (i) to investigate the long-term impact of outdoor air pollution on the onset of vasculitis, (ii) interrogate the role of geography in mediating the relationship between air pollution and vasculitis (iii) assess the temporal and seasonal variation of vasculitis onset and the possible links with environmental exposures. The method used in this thesis encompassed a systematised review, an environmental-wide association study (EWAS) approach using cross-sectional data from UK Biobank and the Scottish Morbidity Record. A series of multivariable analyses adjusted for important confounders were used to quantify the relationship between air pollution and vasculitis. Findings from the systematised review indicated that the effects of air pollution on vasculitis are variable depending on geography. It also showed that occupation airborne exposures and farming were associated 2-fold risk of vasculitis, especially for AAV. Results from UK Biobank and SMR01 suggests that long-term exposure to sulphur dioxide (SO2) is associated with 6.4% and 6.9% increased odds of developing vasculitis, particularly AAV. Particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5) was uniquely associated with GCA. Importantly, geography was seen to play an important role in vasculitis. Individuals from rural areas had 18% and 16% higher risk of vasculitis compared with individual from urban areas in UK Biobank and SMR01. The temporal and seasonal analyses of AAV indicated that there are two major peaks in the incidence of AAV in Scotland. The first was seen between 1996-2000 after the introduction of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) testing in clinical settings in the early 1990s. The second peak was between 2017-2018 (2nd peak) and could potentially be linked with environmental agent. Overall, there was no seasonal variation in the incidence of AAV. This thesis introduces important novel and validated results that show that outdoor air pollution may be an important risk factor of vasculitis. There is scope to build on this work in other international cohorts through data linkage of routine health data and environmental data by means EWAS study design.
Residual Policy Learning for Powertrain Control
Creators: name: Kerbel, Lindsey
name: Ayalew, Beshah
name: Ivanco, Andrej
name: Loiselle, Keith
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Eco-driving strategies have been shown to provide significant reductions in fuel consumption. This paper outlines an active driver assistance approach that uses a residual policy learning (RPL) agent trained to provide residual actions to default power train controllers while balancing fuel consumption against other driver-accommodation objectives. Using previous experiences, our RPL agent learns improved traction torque and gear shifting residual policies to adapt the operation of the powertrain to variations and uncertainties in the environment. For comparison, we consider a traditional reinforcement learning (RL) agent trained from scratch. Both agents employ the off-policy Maximum A Posteriori Policy Optimization algorithm with an actor-critic architecture. By implementing on a simulated commercial vehicle in various car-following scenarios, we find that the RPL agent quickly learns significantly improved policies compared to a baseline source policy but in some measures not as good as those eventually possible with the RL agent trained from scratch.
description: 10th IFAC Symposium on Advances in Automotive Control AAC 2022
Recombining Plasma in the Gamma-ray Emitting Mixed-Morphology Supernova Remnant 3C 391
Creators: name: Ergin, Tülün
name: Sezer, Aytap
name: Saha, Lab
name: Majumdar, Pratik
name: Chatterjee, Anshu
name: Bayırlı, Arif
name: Ercan, E. Nihal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A group of middle-aged mixed-morphology (MM) supernova remnants (SNRs) interacting with molecular clouds (MC) has been discovered as strong GeV gamma-ray emitters by Large Area Telescope on board Fermi Gamma Ray Space Telescope (Fermi-LAT). The recent observations of the Suzaku X-ray satellite have revealed that some of these interacting gamma-ray emitting SNRs, such as IC443, W49B, W44, and G359.1-0.5, have overionized plasmas. 3C 391 (G31.9+0.0) is another Galactic MM SNR interacting with MC. It was observed in GeV gamma rays by Fermi-LAT as well as in the 0.3 $-$ 10.0 keV X-ray band by Suzaku. In this work, 3C 391 was detected in GeV gamma rays with a significance of $\sim$ 18 $σ$ and we showed that the GeV emission is point-like in nature. The GeV gamma-ray spectrum was shown to be best explained by the decay of neutral pions assuming that the protons follow a broken power-law distribution. We revealed radiative recombination structures of silicon and sulfur from 3C 391 using Suzaku data. In this paper we discuss the possible origin of this type of radiative plasma and hadronic gamma rays.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures; accepted by ApJ
Lock-in thermography using diamond quantum sensors
Creators: name: Ogawa, Kensuke
name: Tsukamoto, Moeta
name: Sasaki, Kento
name: Kobayashi, Kensuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Precise measurement of temperature distribution and thermal behavior in microscopic regions is critical in many research fields. We demonstrate lock-in thermography using nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond nanoparticles. We successfully visualize thermal diffusion in glass coverslip and Teflon with micrometer resolution and deduce their thermal diffusivity. By spreading diamond nanoparticles over the sample surface, temperature variation can be measured directly without any physical contact, such as lead wires, making it possible to visualize the micrometer-scale thermal behavior of various materials.
The probability distribution as a computational resource for randomness testing
Creators: name: Kjos-Hanssen, Bjørn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 03D

description: When testing a set of data for randomness according to a probability distribution that depends on a parameter, access to this parameter can be considered as a computational resource. We call a randomness test Hippocratic if it is not permitted to access this resource. In these terms, we show that for Bernoulli measures $μ_p$, $0\le p\le 1$ and the Martin-Löf randomness model, Hippocratic randomness of a set of data is the same as ordinary randomness. The main idea of the proof is to first show that from Hippocrates-random data one can Turing compute the parameter $p$. However, we show that there is no single Hippocratic randomness test such that passing the test implies computing $p$, and in particular there is no universal Hippocratic randomness test.
Symposium on Soviet and American influences for Central and Eastern European academic system in 1945-1989
Creators: name: Sinelnikova Elena, F.
Publisher: name: Историко-биологические исследования
Year: 2017

description: Представлен обзор симпозиума «Ролевая модель Большого Брата? Влияние советских и американских импульсов на научные системы стран Центральной и Восточной Европы в 1945-1989», который состоялся в рамках VII Международной конференции Европейского общества истории науки (22-24 сентября 2016, Прага, Чехия). С докладами выступили представители историконаучного сообщества из Чехии, Словакии, Словении, Австрии, России и США.
Topology and inference for multi-type Yule trees
Creators: name: Popovic, Lea
name: Rivas, Mariolys
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We introduce two models for multi-type random trees motivated by studies of trait dependence in the evolution of species. Our discrete time model, the multi-type ERM tree, is a generalization of Markov propagation models on a random tree generated by a binary search or `equal rates Markov' mechanism. Our continuous time model, the multi-type Yule tree with mutations, is a multi-type generalization of the tree generated by a pure birth or Yule process. We study type dependent topological properties of these two random tree models. We derive asymptotic results that allow one to infer model parameters from data on types at the leaves and at branch-points that are one step away from the leaves.
description: 34 pages, 4 figures
title: Λέσχες ανάγνωσης στο σχολείο : το μάθημα της λογοτεχνίας και παραγωγή διδακτικού υλικού : διπλωατική εργασία
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Ακριβούση, Ευαγγελία
Publisher: name: University of Thessaly
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: ΑΝΑΓΝΩΣΗ -- ΜΕΛΕΤΗ ΚΑΙ ΔΙΔΑΣΚΑΛΙΑ (ΣΤΟΙΧΕΙΩΔΗΣ)
subject: ΕΚΠΑΙΔΕΥΣΗ, ΣΤΟΙΧΕΙΩΔΗΣ -- ΜΕΛΕΤΗ ΚΑΙ ΔΙΔΑΣΚΑΛΙΑ

description: Στην παρούσα εργασία παρουσιάζεται ο σχεδιασμός, η εφαρμογή και η αξιολόγηση μιας ερευνητικής παρέμβασης για τη διδασκαλία της λογοτεχνίας στο Λύκειο μέσα από τις Λέσχες ανάγνωσης. Η ερευνητική αυτή παρέμβαση στηρίχθηκε στις σύγχρονες απόψεις της Διδακτικής της Λογοτεχνίας για αισθητική απόλαυση του μαθήματος και στροφή προς τον/την αναγνώστη/τρια, καθώς και στις παιδαγωγικές θεωρίες για ενεργό μάθηση μέσα από ομαδοσυνεργατικές διαδικασίες. Στόχος της έρευνας ήταν να διερευνηθεί αν και κατά πόσο καλλιεργείται η φιλαναγνωσία των μαθητών/τριών και η ικανότητά τους να προσεγγίζουν κριτικά ένα λογοτεχνικό κείμενο μέσα από τη δημιουργία «κοινότητας αναγνωστών» στην τάξη. Η πειραματική διδασκαλία σχεδιάστηκε και υλοποιήθηκε από τις αρχές Νοεμβρίου ως και τα μέσα Δεκεμβρίου 2008 στους/στις μαθητές/-τριες της Β’ τάξης του 3ου Γενικού Λυκείου Λάρισας, και είχε διάρκεια έξι εβδομάδες. Το βιβλίο που διαβάστηκε ήταν το «Μαράν Αθά» του Θ. Ψύρρα. ΕπιλέχΟηκαν ποιοτικές στρατηγικές προσέγγισης γιατί αυτές υιοθετούν μια πιο σύνθετη εικόνα της πραγματικότητας και κινούνται στο πλαίσιο του ερμηνευτικού και κοινωνικά κριτικού παραδείγματος στην εκπαίδευση. Συγκεκριμένα, επιλέξαμε τη στρατηγική της μελέτης περίπτωσης με εργαλεία συλλογής δεδομένων τη συμμετοχική παρατήρηση και τη συμπλήρωση ερωτηματολογίων. Τα αποτελέσματα της διδακτικής παρέμβασης υπήρξαν ιδιαιτέρως ικανοποιητικά και ενθαρρυντικά, με τους/τις μαθητές/τριες να κατανοούν τις αφηγηματικές τεχνικές και εμβαθύνουν στο λογοτεχνικό κείμενο, δρώντας συνεργατικά και διερευνητικά. Φάνηκε, επίσης, ότι οι φυσικές συζητήσεις σε συνδυασμό με την αυτενέργεια των παιδιών συντελούν στην απόλαυση της λογοτεχνίας και στη δημιουργία ευχάριστου και παραγωγικού περιβάλλοντος μάθησης.
Energy-momentum and asymptotic geometry
Creators: name: Helfer, Adam D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I show that radiative space-times are not asymptotically flat; rather, the radiation field gives rise to holonomy at null infinity. (This was noted earlier, by Bramson.) This means that, when gravitational radiation is present, asymptotically covariantly constant vector fields do not exist. On the other hand, according to the Bondi-Sachs construction, a weaker class of asymptotically constant vectors does exist. Reconciling these concepts leads to a measure of the scattering of matter by gravitational waves, that is, bulk exchanges of energy-momentum between the waves and matter. Because these bulk effects are potentially larger than the tidal ones which have usually been studied, they may affect the waves' propagation more significantly, and the question of matter's transparency to gravitational radiation should be revisited. While in many cases there is reason to think the waves will be only slightly affected, some situations are identified in which the energy-momentum exchanges can be substantial enough that a closer investigation should be made. In particular, the work here suggests that gravitational waves produced when relativistic jets are formed might be substantially affected by passing through an inhomogeneous medium.
description: 22 pages, to appear in Phys. Rev. D
Análise da mortalidade por doenças do aparelho respiratório: disparidades de gênero e comparação
Creators: name: Souza Camilo, Juliana
name: Araújo Lima, Danielli
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 320103
subject: Respiratory diseases

description: Este artigo apresenta uma análise abrangente das taxas de mortalidade no Brasil, focando em dados de 1996 a 2022. A pesquisa utiliza regressões lineares simples para explorar a relação entre o ano e a mortalidade, testando as hipóteses nula ($H_0: \beta =0$) e alternativa ($H_a: \beta \neq 0$). Os resultados indicam um aumento significativo na mortalidade entre mulheres e homens, com coeficientes de determinação de $r^2$ de 0,9145 e 0,9172, respectivamente. Em contrapartida, a mortalidade ``ignorada'' mostra uma tendência negativa, com $r^2$ de $0,2974$, sugerindo melhorias na coleta de dados. Para a visualização de dados utilizamos gráficos de dispersão evidenciam disparidades de gênero, destacando a necessidade de intervenções de saúde pública direcionadas. A análise regional revela que tanto Minas Gerais quanto a Região Sudeste e os dados nacionais apresentam um aumento preocupante nas taxas de mortalidade, com correlações elevadas, o que demanda políticas eficazes. Mapas demonstram desigualdades nas taxas de mortalidade por doenças respiratórias, refletindo condições socioeconômicas e de saúde distintas entre os estados. Dessa forma, os dados ressaltam a urgência de estratégias de saúde pública que considerem não apenas a mortalidade, mas também os determinantes sociais que perpetuam essas desigualdades.
title: Από το σπίτι μας, τη Γη, στη γειτονιά του Ήλιου : ένα διαθεματικό πρόγραμμα στοιχειώδους αστρονομίας με πλήρη ένταξη των νέων τεχνολογιών σε παιδιά προσχολικής και πρωτοσχολικής ηλικίας
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Ξηραδάκη, Ελένη
Publisher: name: University of Thessaly
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: ΕΚΠΑΙΔΕΥΣΗ, ΣΤΟΙΧΕΙΩΔΗΣ
subject: ΑΣΤΡΟΝΟΜΙΑ -- ΜΕΛΕΤΗ ΚΑΙ ΔΙΔΑΣΚΑΛΙΑ (ΣΤΟΙΧΕΙΩΔΗΣ)

description: Σύμφωνα με τον εποικοδομητισμό οι άνθρωποι δεν κατανοούν τον κόσμο απευθείας, αλλά μέσω του σχηματισμού ιδεών/αντιλήψεων, νοητικών αναπαραστάσεων και νοητικών μοντέλων. Η ανίχνευση λοιπόν των αρχικών αντιλήψεων των παιδιών αποτελεί κεντρικό σημείο του. Στον τομέα της αστρονομίας η ανίχνευση των αρχικών αντιλήψεων των παιδιών έχει μελετηθεί από πολλούς ερευνητές (Baxter, 1989· Diakidoy, Vosniadou & Hawks, 1997· Samarapungavan, Vosniadou & Brewer 1996· Nussbaum, 1979· Vosniadou, & Brewer, 1990, 1992, 1994 αλλά και (Hannust & Kikas, 2007· Ivarsson, Schoultz, Et Saljo, 2002· Nobes, Moore, Martin, Clifford, Butterworth, Panagiotaki & Siegal, 2003· Panagiotaki, 2006a, 2006b, 2006c· Schoultz, Saljo & Wyndhamn, 2001). Τα πορίσματα των παραπάνω ερευνών έχουν Βοηθήσει στο σχεδίασμά και εφαρμογή κατάλληλων προγραμμάτων παρέμβασης που σκοπό έχουν το μετασχηματισμό των αντιλήψεων των παιδιών και τη συμβατότητά τους με το επιστημονικό πρότυπο (Κακανά & Καζέλα, 2003· Κούτρα, 2009· Nussbaum & Sharoni-Dagan, 1983 · Sharp, 1995 · Valanides, Gritsi, Kampeza & Ravanis, 2000). Η παρούσα εργασία έλαβε χώρα στην πόλη του Βόλου το Φθινόπωρο και το Χειμώνα του 2009 σε παιδιά προσχολικής και πρωτοσχολικής ηλικίας και εξελίσσεται σε 3 μέρη: Α) Ανιχνεύει τις αρχικές αντιλήψεις των παιδιών (pre-test), Β) Αξιοποιεί τις αντιλήψεις - νοητικές αναπαραστάσεις των παιδιών και εντοπίζει τα γνωστικά εμπόδια της σκέψης τους για το σχεδίασμά και την εφαρμογή διδακτικής παρέμβασης που σχετίζεται άμεσα με τις πραγματικές γνωστικές ανάγκες τους και Γ) Αξιολογεί την επίδραση της παρέμβασης με επανέλεγχο (post-test). Στηρίζεται θεωρητικά στη θεωρία κυρίως της κοινωνιογνωστικής θεώρησης και χρησιμοποιεί ως κύριους άξονες τη διαθεματικότητα και τις Νέες Τεχνολογίες. Τα αποτελέσματα της έρευνας δείχνουν πως οι μαθητές του νηπιαγωγείου και της Β' Δημοτικού είναι ικανοί να μετασχηματίσουν τις αρχικές και αναπαραστατικές αντιλήψεις τους για έννοιες της αστρονομίας μετά την ενεργητική συμμετοχή τους στη συγκεκριμένη διαθεματική και εμπλουτισμένη με Νέες Τεχνολογίες διδακτική διαδικασία. Αυτό το πόρισμα συμφωνεί με τα δεδομένα άλλων ερευνών (Dunlop, 2000· Καμπεζά, 2006· Κούτρα, 2009· Sharp, 1995· Valanides, Gritsi, Kampeza & Ravanis, 2000).
Terahertz radiation by optical rectification in a hydrogen-bonded organic molecular ferroelectric crystal, 2-phenylmalondialdehyde
Creators: name: Guan, W.
name: Kida, N.
name: Sotome, M.
name: Kinoshita, Y.
name: Takeda, R.
name: Inoue, A.
name: Horiuchi, S.
name: Okamoto, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Terahertz radiation by optical rectification has been observed at room temperature in a hydrogen-bonded organic molecular ferroelectric crystal, 2-phenyl malondialdehyde (PhMDA). The radiated electromagnetic wave consisted of a single-cycle terahertz pulse with a temporal width of $\sim$ 0.5 ps. The terahertz radiation amplitude divided by the sample thickness in PhMDA was nearly equivalent to that in a typical terahertz wave emitter ZnTe. This is attributable to a long coherence length in the range of 130 $\sim$ 800 $μ$m for the terahertz radiation from PhMDA. We also discussed the possibility of PhMDA as a terahertz wave emitter in terms of the phase-matching condition.
description: 8 pages including 4 figures