Ibotyporanga xique Huber & Meng & Král & Ávila Herrera & Carvalho 2024, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Huber, Bernhard A.
name: Meng, Guanliang
name: Král, Jiří
name: Ávila Herrera, Ivalú M.
name: Carvalho, Leonardo S.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Pholcidae
Ibotyporanga
Ibotyporanga xique

description: Ibotyporanga xique Huber sp. nov.
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 6039E865-43D5-4401-8FA8-E96C4EA711C4
Figs 22A, 25H–I, 42, 51–54
Diagnosis
Males are easily distinguished from most known congeners (except I. xakriaba sp. nov.) by general shape of procursus (Fig. 52A–C; short and wide, distally with semitransparent ventral flap), by very short palpal patella (Fig. 51C; dorsally clearly shorter than medially wide), and by short conical prolateral process on embolus (arrow in Fig. 52D); from similar I. xakriaba by absence of dorsal process on procursus (cf. Fig. 48C) and by absence of dorsal protrusion distally on palpal femur (cf. Fig. 47A); males further distinguished from most known congeners (except I. xakriaba and I. itatim sp. nov.) by slender legs (tibia 1 L/d>15). Females are distinguished from most known congeners by trapezoidal epigynum with deep pocket and posterior lateral parts heavily sclerotized (Fig. 54A–B; similar in I. xakriaba and I. itatim); females of I. xakriaba sp. nov. are possibly indistinguishable morphologically.
Etymology
The species name is derived from the type locality; noun in apposition.
Type material
Holotype
BRAZIL – Bahia • ♂; S of Xique-Xique, ‘loc. 3’; 11.0398° S, 42.7311° W; 430 m a.s.l.; 24 Nov. 2022; B.A. Huber and A.S. Michelotto leg.; CHNUFPI 5888.
Paratypes
BRAZIL – Bahia • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; same collection data as for holotype; CHNUFPI 5889 • 1 ♂, 1 ♀; same collection data as for holotype; UFMG 31654 • 1 ♂; same collection data as for holotype; CHNUFPI 9029 [deposited in ZFMK Ar 24355].
Other material examined
BRAZIL – Bahia • 1 ♂, 4 ♀♀, in pure ethanol; same collection data as for holotype; CHNUFPI 5890 [deposited in ZFMK Br22-220; one female prosoma used for molecular work; two female abdomens transferred to ZFMK Ar 24355].
Description
Male (holotype)
MEASUREMENTS. Total body length 2.3, carapace width 0.88. Distance PME–PME 85 µm; diameter PME 80 µm; distance PME–ALE 30 µm; distance AME–AME 15 µm; diameter AME 70 µm. Leg 1: 7.28 (2.15+0.30 +2.03 +2.25 + 0.55), tibia 2: 1.85, tibia 3: 1.40, tibia 4: 1.90; tibia 1 L/d: 20; diameters of leg femora 0.18–0.19, of leg tibiae 0.10.
COLOUR (in ethanol). Prosoma and legs mostly pale ochre, carapace medially and ocular area slightly darker, femora and tibiae with darker subdistal rings; abdomen gray, dorsally and laterally with darker internal marks; ventrally with indistinct plates in front of gonopore and in front of spinnerets.
BODY. Habitus as in Fig. 25H. Ocular area slightly raised. Carapace with distinct but shallow thoracic groove. Clypeus with sclerotized rim with median notch. Sternum slightly wider than long (0.62/0.56), with pair of very low and indistinct anterior processes near coxae 1. Abdomen globular.
CHELICERAE. As in Fig. 53A–B; with strongly curved median frontal apophysis; stridulatory files very fine and poorly visible in dissecting microscope.
PALPS. As in Fig. 51; coxa unmodified; trochanter with short rounded ventral protrusion; femur proximally with distinct retrolateral process directed toward distal, with prolateral stridulatory pick, distally widened but unmodified; femur-patella joints not shifted toward one side; patella much shorter than wide; tibia almost globular; tibia-tarsus joints not shifted toward one side; tarsus without dorsal process; procursus (Fig. 52A–C) short, with light prolateral band, distally with membranous ventral process; genital bulb (Fig. 52D–F) with wide prolateral sclerite on bulbous part, with short conical prolateral process on embolus.
LEGS. Without spines but with longer and slightly stronger hairs ventrally on femora; without curved hairs; with several rows of short vertical hairs on tibia 1; retrolateral trichobothrium of tibia 1 at 57%; prolateral trichobothrium absent on tibia 1; tarsus 1 with ~4–5 pseudosegments, distally fairly distinct, proximally apparently irregular.
Variation (male)
Dark marks on carapace and legs in other males barely visible or absent. Tibia 1 in five males (incl. holotype): 1.70–2.05 (mean 1.93).
Female
In general, similar to male (Fig. 25I) but slightly darker ochre, carapace also with indistinct lateral and radial marks; color variable as in male, one female with very distinct dark rings on legs, also proximally on tibiae; clypeus and sternum unmodified; tibia 1 with few short vertical hairs. Tibia 1 length in five females: 1.65–1.95 (mean 1.76). Epigynum (Fig. 54A–B) anterior plate trapezoidal to bell-shaped, posterior lateral parts heavily sclerotized, posterior margin with pair of lateral indentations, with deep anterior pocket; posterior plate short and wide. Internal genitalia (Fig. 54C–G) very short, with pair of very narrow pore plates, complex system of lateral membranous structures (ducts and pouches?).
Distribution
Known from type locality only, in Brazil, Bahia (Fig. 42).
Natural history
The specimens were collected on a rock field with thorny shrubs and scattered trees (Fig. 22A). The spiders were beaten out of dead branches. One egg sac was slightly flattened, had a diameter of 2.0, and an egg diameter of 0.62; the total number of eggs was estimated to be ~25.
description: Published as part of Huber, Bernhard A., Meng, Guanliang, Král, Jiří, Ávila Herrera, Ivalú M. & Carvalho, Leonardo S., 2024, Diamonds in the rough: Ibotyporanga (Araneae, Pholcidae) spiders in semi-arid Neotropical environments, pp. 1-169 in European Journal of Taxonomy 963 on pages 59-62, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2024.963.2687, http://zenodo.org/record/13963130