cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Enhanced tau neutrino appearance through invisible decay
Creators: name: Pagliaroli, Giulia
name: Di Marco, Natalia
name: Mannarelli, Massimo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The decay of neutrino mass eigenstates leads to a change of the conversion and survival probability of neutrino flavor eigenstates. Remarkably, we find that the neutrino decay provides an enhancement of the expected tau appearance signal with respect to the standard oscillation scenario for the long-baseline OPERA experiment. The increase of the $ν_μ\rightarrow ν_τ$ conversion probability by the decay of one of the mass eigenstates is due to a reduction of the "destructive interference" among the different massive neutrino components. Motivated by the recently released results of the OPERA Collaboration showing a number of observed $ν_τ$ events larger than expected, we perform a statistical analysis including the invisible decay hypothesis. We obtain a very mild preference for invisible decays, with a best fit value $τ_3/m_3 \simeq 2.6\times 10^{-13} $ s/eV, and a constraint at the 90$\%$ confidence level for the neutrino decay lifetime to be $τ_3/m_3 \gtrsim 1.3\times 10^{-13}$ s/eV.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
A Scalable Cryogenic LED Module for Selectively Illuminating Kinetic Inductance Detector Arrays
Creators: name: Shroyer, Jordan E.
name: Nelson, Matt
name: Walters, Liam
name: Johnson, Bradley R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the design and measured performance of a light emitting diode (LED) module for spatially mapping kinetic inductance detector (KID) arrays in the laboratory. Our novel approach uses a multiplexing scheme that only requires seven wires to control 480 red LEDs, and the number of LEDs can be scaled up without adding any additional wires. This multiplexing approach relies on active surface mount components that can operate at cryogenic temperatures down to 10 K. Cryogenic tests in liquid nitrogen and inside our cryostat demonstrate that the multiplexer circuit works at 77 and 10 K, respectively. The LED module presented here is tailored for our millimeter-wave detector modules, but the approach could be adapted for use with other KID-based detector systems.
description: Published in Review of Scientific Instruments as of 15 November 2022
Impact of Cosmology on Lorentz Invariance Violation Constraints from GRB Time-Delays
Creators: name: Staicova, Denitsa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Putting constraints on a possible Lorentz Invariance Violation (LIV) from astrophysical sources such as gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) is essential for finding evidences of new theories of quantum gravity (QG) that predict an energy-dependent speed of light. This search has its own difficulties, so usually, the effect of the cosmological model is understudied, with the default model being a fixed-parameters $Λ$CDM. In this work, we use various astrophysical datasets to study the effect of a number of dark energy models on LIV constraints. To this end, we combine two public time-delay GRB datasets with the supernovae Pantheon dataset, several measurements of angular baryonic acoustic oscillations (BAO), the cosmic microwave background (CMB) distance prior and an optional GRB or quasars dataset. For the LIV parameter $α$, we find the expected from previous works average value of $α\sim 4 \times 10^{-4}$, corresponding to $E_{QG}\ge 10^{17}$ GeV for both time-delay (TD) datasets, with the second one being more sensitive to the cosmological model. The cosmology results in a minimum 20\% deviation in our constraints on the energy. Interestingly, adding the TD points makes the DE models less-preferable statistically and shifts the value of the parameter $c/(H_0 r_d)$ down, making it smaller than the expected value. We observe that possible LIV measurements critically depend on the transparency of the assumptions behind the published data concerning cosmology, and taking this into account may be an important contribution in the case of possible detection.
description: 21 pages, prepared for the Classical and Quantum Gravity focus issue "Focus on Quantum Gravity Phenomenology in the Multi-Messenger Era: Challenges and Perspectives", final accepted for publication version
Limnological Study of Lake Tanganyika with Special Emphasis on Pisciculture Potentiality
Creators: name: Niyoyitungiye, Lambert
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Water quality, LakeTanganyika, Fish abundance and Planktons diversity

description: The water of Lake Tanganyika is subject to changes in physicochemical characteristics resulting in the deterioration of water quality to a great pace. The present investigation was carried out on Lake Tanganyika at 4 sampling sites and aimed to assess the water quality with reference to (i) its suitability for fish culture purposes, (ii) determining the trophic and pollution status of the sampled stations, (iii) assessing the qualitative and quantitative pattern of planktons diversity as fish food, (iv) establishing an inventory and taxonomic characterization of fish species diversity and (v) highlighting the effect of pollutants on the abundance and spatial distribution of fish species.
 The physico-chemical and biological parameters of water samples were compared to desirable and acceptable international standards for fish culture and the results of comparative analysis indicated that the Lake has a high fish potential as the most important of the water quality parameters were suitable for fish culture. The investigation revealed the occurrence of 75 species belonging to 7different orders and 12 families in all sampling sites and among the different species recorded, those belonging to the order Perciformes and the family Cichlidae were most dominant. The values of transparency, chlorophyll a and total phosphorus were indicative of eutrophication phenomenon. Besides, Kajaga and Nyamugari stations were found heavily polluted while Rumonge and Mvugo Stations were moderately polluted and for this purpose, three categories of fish species have been distinguished, depending on their adaptation level to pollution: polluosensitive species, polluotolerant species and polluoresistant species. With respect to planktons community results, it was found that all the values obtained were within the permissible limits recommended in pisciculture and, the abundance and diversity of phytoplankton species were far greater than those of zooplankton species with 115species belonging to 7differet families for phytoplanktons against 10species belonging to 4families for zooplankton population in all sampling stations.
Infrared Subtleties and Chiral Vertices at NLO: An Implicit Regularization Analysis
Creators: name: Rosado, Ricardo J. C.
name: Cherchiglia, Adriano
name: Sampaio, Marcos
name: Hiller, Brigitte
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We employ implicit regularization (IReg) in quark-antiquark decays of the Z, or of a scalar (CP-even or odd) boson at NLO, and compare with dimensional schemes to reveal subtleties involving infrared divergence cancellation and $γ_5$-matrix issues. Besides the absence of evanescent fields in IReg, such as $ε$-scalars required in certain schemes that operate partially in the physical dimension, we verify that our procedure preserves gauge invariance in the presence of the $γ_5$ matrix without requiring symmetry preserving counterterms while the amplitude is infrared finite as required by the KLN theorem.
description: Appendix and references added. Complies with the version accepted at EPJC
Additional file 1 of Using homemade stainless steel dendrometer band for long term tree growth measurements
Creators: name: Cheng, Chih-Hsin
name: Lee, Pei-Chen
name: Lee, Hong-Rue
name: Chen, Chiou-Pin
name: Menyailo, Oleg V.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
classificationCode: 59999
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional File 1: Relationship between the spring length and the force produced by the spring. Photos of the materials and tools for making the homemade stainless steel dendrometers. Installation and measurement of the dendrometer bands in the field. Examples of the relationships and related parameters between cumulative DBH/BA increments and initial DBH.
Robust Joint Alignment of Multiple Versions of a Piece of Music
Creators: name: Wang, Siying
name: Ewert, Sebastian
name: Dixon, Simon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Large music content libraries often comprise multiple versions of a piece of music. To establish a link between different versions, automatic music alignment methods map each position in one version to a corresponding position in another version. Due to the leeway in interpreting a piece, any two versions can differ significantly, for example, in terms of local tempo, articulation, or playing style. For a given pair of versions, these differences can be significant such that even state-of-the-art methods fail to identify a correct alignment. In this paper, we present a novel method that increases the robustness for difficult to align cases. Instead of aligning only pairs of versions as done in previous methods, our method aligns multiple versions in a joint manner. This way, the alignment can be computed by comparing each version not only with one but with several versions, which stabilizes the comparison and leads to an increase in alignment robustness. Using recordings from the Mazurka Project, the alignment error for our proposed method was 14% lower on average compared to a state-of-the-art method, with significantly less outliers (standard deviation 53% lower).
description: International Society for Music Information Retrieval Conference (ISMIR)
NoSQL security: can my data-driven decision-making be influenced from outside?
Creators: name: Nikiforova, Anastasija
name: Daskevics, Artjoms
name: Azeroual, Otmane
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Nowadays, there are billions interconnected devices forming Cyber-Physical Systems, Internet of Things (IoT) and Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) ecosystems. With an increasing number of devices and systems in use, amount and the value of data, the risks of security breaches increase. One of these risks is posed by open data sources, by which are meant databases, which are not properly protected. These poorly protected databases are accessible to external actors, which poses a serious risk to the data holder and the results of data-related activities such as analysis, forecasting, monitoring, decision-making, policy development, and the whole contemporary society. This chapter aims at examining the state of the security of open data databases representing both relational databases and NoSQL, with a particular focus on a later category.
description: Cite as: Nikiforova et al. (2023), "NoSQL Security: Can My Data-driven Decision-making Be Influenced from Outside?", Big Data and Decision-Making: Applications and Uses in the Public and Private Sector, Emerald Publishing Limited, Bingley, pp. 59-73. Title of the first version was "NoSQL Security: Can My Data-driven Decision-making Be Affected from Outside?"
Optimal Storage and Solar Capacity of a Residential Household under Net Metering and Time-of-Use Pricing
Creators: name: K., Victor Sam Moses Babu
name: Chakraborty, Pratyush
name: Baeyens, Enrique
name: Khargonekar, Pramod P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Incentive programs and ongoing reduction in costs are driving joint installation of solar PV panels and storage systems in residential households. There is a need for optimal investment decisions to reduce the electricity consumption costs of the households further. In this paper, we first develop analytical expression of storage investment decision and then of solar investment decision for a household which is under net metering billing mechanism with time of use pricing condition. Using real data of a residential household in Austin, TX, USA, we study how the investment decisions would provide benefit for a period of one year. Results show significant profit when using storage devices and solar panels optimally for the system. It is important to note that though our approach can help significantly to take investment decisions, the solution will still be sub-optimal for somebody who needs optimal investment jointly on both storage and solar systems.
Additional file 1 of Interstitial lung disease related to occupational hard metal exposure: two case reports
Creators: name: Lin, I-Fan
name: Shen, Hsiao-Chin
name: Lin, Shiou-Fu
name: Chang, Ho-Chuen
name: Chen, Tzu-Tao
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
classificationCode: 110309
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: The results of pulmonary function test and imaging series for Case 1 and Case 2, and the results of 6-min walking test and heart echo for Case 1.
Baire theorem for ideals of sets
Creators: name: Avilés, A.
name: Kadets, V.
name: Pérez, A.
name: Solecki, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 54E52, 28A05, 54H05, 06A07

description: We study ideals $\mathcal{I}$ on $\mathbb{N}$ satisfying the following Baire-type property: if $X$ is a complete metric space and $\{X_{A} \colon A \in \mathcal{I} \}$ is a family of nowhere dense subsets of $X$ with $X_{A} \subset X_{B}$ whenever $A \subset B$, then $\bigcup_{A \in \mathcal{I}}{X_{A}} \neq X$. We give several characterizations and determine the ideals having this property among certain classes like analytic ideals and P-ideals. We also discuss similar covering properties when considering families of compact and meager subsets of $X$.
description: To appear in Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications
Detailed investigation of the phase transition in K$_{x}$P$_4$W$_{8}$O$_{32}$ and experimental arguments for a charge density wave due to hidden nesting
Creators: name: Kolincio, Kamil K.
name: Pérez, Olivier
name: Hébert, Sylvie
name: Fertey, Pierre
name: Pautrat, Alain
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Detailed structural and magnetotransport properties of the monophosphate tungsten bronze K$_{x}$P$_4$W$_{8}$O$_{32}$ single crystals are reported. Both galvanomagnetic and thermal properties are shown to be consistent with a charge density wave electronic transition due to hidden nesting of quasi - 1D portion of the Fermi surface. We also observe the enhancement of electronic anisotropy due to reconstruction of the Fermi surface at the Peierls transition. The resistivity presents a thermal hysteresis suggesting a first order nature characteristics of a strong coupling scenario. However, other measurements such as the change of carriers density demonstrate a second order Peierls scenario with weak coupling features. We suggest that the structural transition driven by the residual strain in the K - P - O environment is responsible for the resistivity hysteresis and modifes the Fermi surface which then helps the rise to the second order Peierls instability.
description: Accepted to PRB
title: Oscillatory Structural Forces Across Dispersions of Micelles With Variable Surface Charge
Creators: name: Ludwig, Michael
name: Ritzert, Philipp
name: Geisler, Ramsia
name: Prévost, Sylvain
name: Klitzing, Regine von
Publisher: name: Frontiers
Year: 2022

description: When two surfaces interact across colloidal dispersions, oscillatory structural forces often arise due to an ordering of colloidal particles. Although this type of forces was intensively studied, the effect of the surface charge of the colloidal particles is still poorly understood. In the present study, the surface charge of colloidal particles is varied by changing the ratio of nonionic (Tween20) and anionic (sodium dodecyl sulfate, SDS) surfactants of micellar dispersions. The same micellar systems were previously characterised with small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) by the authors, revealing that mixed nonionic-anionic surfactant micelles with variable surface charge form. The present paper addresses the ordering phenomena of the micellar systems under confinement. Therefore, forces across these dispersions were measured for varying surface charges and volume fractions of the micelles, using colloidal-probe atomic force microscopy (CP-AFM). The combination of SANS and CP-AFM experiments allows the dispersions structure in bulk and under geometrical confinement to be compared in terms of the characteristic interparticle distance, correlation length, and ordering strength: In bulk and under confinement, the characteristic intermicellar distance increases by introducing surface charges to micelles until the electrostatic repulsion forces the micelles into a specific ordering. There, the characteristic intermicellar distance purely relates to the micelle volume fraction ϕ as ∝ ϕ−1/3. While in dispersions of uncharged micelles the characteristic intermicellar distance is reduced from bulk to confinement, no such compressibility is observed once the micelles are charged. Furthermore, variation of the micelles surface charge has only little effect on the correlation length of the micelles ordering which is mainly governed by hard-sphere interactions, especially in concentrated dispersions. Introducing surface charges, however, enhances the ordering strength (i.e., the amplitude) of oscillatory structural forces due to stronger electrostatic repulsions of the micelles with the equally charged confining surface. This surface-induced effect is not represented in bulk scattering experiments.
Duality relations in single-file diffusion
Creators: name: Rizkallah, Pierre
name: Grabsch, Aurélien
name: Illien, Pierre
name: Bénichou, Olivier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Single-file transport, which corresponds to the diffusion of particles that cannot overtake each other in narrow channels, is an important topic in out-of-equilibrium statistical physics. Various microscopic models of single-file systems have been considered, such as the simple exclusion process, which has reached the status of a paradigmatic model. Several different models of single-file diffusion have been shown to be related by a duality relation, which holds either microscopically or only in the hydrodynamic limit of large time and large distances. Here, we show that, within the framework of fluctuating hydrodynamics, these relations are not specific to these models and that, in the hydrodynamic limit, every single-file system can be mapped onto a dual single-file system, which we characterise. This general duality relation allows us to obtain new results for different models, by exploiting the solutions that are available for their dual model.
Is there an excess of black holes around $20 M_{\odot}$? Optimising the complexity of population models with the use of reversible jump MCMC
Creators: name: Toubiana, Alexandre
name: Katz, Michael L.
name: Gair, Jonathan R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Some analyses of the third gravitational wave catalogue released by the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA collaboration (LVK) suggest an excess of black holes around $15-20 M_{\odot}$. In order to investigate this feature, we introduce two flexible population models, a semi-parametric one and a non-parametric one. Both make use of reversible jump Markov chain Monte-Carlo to optimise their complexity. We also illustrate how the latter can be used to efficiently perform model selection. Our parametric model broadly agrees with the fiducial analysis of the LVK, but finds a peak of events at slightly larger masses. Our non-parametric model shows this same displacement. Moreover, it also suggests the existence of an excess of black holes around $20 M_{\odot}$. We assess the robustness of this prediction by performing mock injections and running hierarchical analyses on those. We find that such a feature might be due to statistical fluctuations, given the small number of events observed so far, with a $5\%$ probability. We estimate that with a few hundreds of observations, as expected for O4, our non-parametric model will, be able to robustly determine the presence of this excess. It will then allow for an efficient agnostic inference of the properties of black holes.
description: correct typo in equation 5
The Parody of "Parody as Cultural Memory in Richard Powers's Galeata 2.2": A Response to Anca Rosu
Creators: name: Reinfandt, Christoph
name: Eckstein, Lars
Publisher: name: Universität Tübingen
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Literaturwissenschaft
subject: 800

description: Zeitveröffentlichung
Flat optical conductivity in the topological kagome magnet TbMn$_6$Sn$_6$
Creators: name: Li, R. S.
name: Zhang, Tan
name: Ma, Wenlong
name: Xu, S. X.
name: Wu, Q.
name: Yue, L.
name: Zhang, S. J.
name: Liu, Q. M.
name: Wang, Z. X.
name: Hu, T. C.
name: Zhou, X. Y.
name: Wu, D.
name: Dong, T.
name: Jia, Shuang
name: Weng, Hongming
name: Wang, N. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Kagome magnet TbMn$_6$Sn$_6$ is a new type of topological material that is known to support exotic quantum magnetic states. Experimental work has identified that TbMn$_6$Sn$_6$ hosts Dirac electronic states that could lead to topological and Chern quantum phases, but the optical response of the Dirac fermions of TbMn$_6$Sn$_6$ and its properties remain to be explored. Here, we perform optical spectroscopy measurement combined with first-principles calculations on single-crystal sample of TbMn$_6$Sn$_6$ to investigate the associated exotic phenomena. TbMn$_6$Sn$_6$ exhibits frequency-independent optical conductivity spectra in a broad range from 1800 to 3000 cm$^{-1}$ (220-370 meV) in experiments. The theoretical band structures and optical conductivity spectra are calculated with several shifted Fermi energy to compare with the experiment. The theoretical spectra with 0.56 eV shift for Fermi energy are well consistent with our experimental results. Besides, the massive quasi-two-dimensional (quasi-2D) Dirac bands, which have linear band dispersion in $k_x$-$k_y$ plane and no band dispersion along the $k_z$ direction, exist close to the shifted Fermi energy. According to tight-binding model analysis, the quasi-2D Dirac bands give rise to a flat optical conductivity, while its value is smaller than, about one tenth of, that from the calculations and experiments. It indicates that the other trivial bands also contribute to the flat optical conductivity.
Diapria cava Notton 1993
Creators: name: Notton, David G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Chalcididae
Diapria
Diapria cava

description: Diapria cava Notton, 1993: 145, 147, figs 43-47.
Valid name
Diapria cava Notton, 1993.
Summary of types
Holotype ♂, BMNH number 9.887, by original designation.
Primary type data
NCC code – water/ trap: RSPB 3.A/ Open Pits; UK: East Kent / Dungeness: TR0718/ 22.8- 5.9.1988 / R.K.A.Morris NCC.
Type locality
England, Kent, Dungeness.
Remarks
The holotype is mounted on a card and is entire.
description: Published as part of Notton, David G., 2014, A catalogue of the types of Diapriinae (Hymenoptera, Diapriidae) at the Natural History Museum, London, pp. 1-123 in European Journal of Taxonomy 75 on page 105, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2014.75, http://zenodo.org/record/3862773
DBI scalar field theory for QGP hydrodynamics
Creators: name: Nastase, Horatiu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A way to describe the hydrodynamics of the quark-gluon plasma using a DBI action is proposed, based on the model found by Heisenberg for high energy scattering of nucleons. The expanding plasma is described as a shockwave in a DBI model for a real scalar standing in for the pion, and I show that one obtains a fluid description in terms of a relativistic fluid that near the shock is approximately ideal ($η\simeq 0$) and conformal. One can introduce an extra term inside the square root of the DBI action that generates a shear viscosity term in the energy-momentum tensor near the shock, as well as a bulk viscosity, and regulates the behaviour of the energy density at the shock, making it finite. The resulting fluid satisfies the relativistic Navier-Stokes equation with $u^μ, ρ,P,η$ defined in terms of $ϕ$ and its derivatives. One finds a relation between the parameters of the theory and the QGP thermodynamics, $\a/\b^2=η/(sT)$, and by fixing $\a$ and $\b$ from usual (low multiplicity) particle scattering, one finds $T\propto m_π$.
description: 19 pages, no figures; clarifications added in section 4
Numerical simulations of atmospheric quantum channels
Creators: name: Klen, M.
name: Semenov, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Atmospheric turbulence is one of the lead disturbance factors for free-space quantum communication. The quantum states of light in such channels are affected by fluctuating losses characterized by the probability distribution of transmittance (PDT). We obtain the PDT for different horizontal links via numerical simulations of light transmission through the atmosphere. The results are compared with analytical models: the truncated log-normal distribution, the beam-wandering model, the elliptic-beam approximation, and the model based on the law of total probability. Their applicability is shown to be strongly dependent on the receiver aperture radius. We introduce an empirical model based on the Beta distribution, which is in good agreement with numerical simulations for a wide range of channel parameters. However, there are still scenarios where none of the above analytical models fits the numerically simulated data. The numerical simulation is then used to analyze the transmission of quadrature-squeezed light through free-space channels.
description: 20 pages, 16 figures, the ancillary files contain numerically simulated data, an interactive tool for their visualization, and the corresponding Python 3 code
Disentangling nonradiative recombination processes in Ge micro-crystals on Si substrates
Creators: name: Pezzoli, F.
name: Giorgioni, A.
name: Gallacher, K.
name: Isa, F.
name: Biagioni, P.
name: Millar, R. W.
name: Gatti, E.
name: Grilli, E.
name: Bonera, E.
name: Isella, G.
name: Paul, D. J.
name: Miglio, Leo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We address nonradiative recombination pathways by leveraging surface passivation and dislocation management in micron-scale arrays of Ge crystals grown on deeply patterned Si substrates. The time decay photoluminescence (PL) at cryogenic temperatures discloses carrier lifetimes approaching 45 ns in band-gap engineered Ge micro-crystals. This investigation provides compelling information about the competitive interplay between the radiative band-edge transitions and the trapping of carriers by dislocations and free surfaces. Furthermore, an in-depth analysis of the temperature dependence of the PL, combined with capacitance data and finite difference time domain modeling, demonstrates the effectiveness of GeO2 in passivating the surface of Ge and thus in enhancing the room temperature PL emission.
A 3D spinorial view of 4D exceptional phenomena
Creators: name: Dechant, Pierre-Philippe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 52B10, 52B12, 52B15, 15A66, 20F55, 17B22, 11F22

description: We discuss a Clifford algebra framework for discrete symmetry groups (such as reflection, Coxeter, conformal and modular groups), leading to a surprising number of new results. Clifford algebras allow for a particularly simple description of reflections via `sandwiching'. This extends to a description of orthogonal transformations in general by means of `sandwiching' with Clifford algebra multivectors, since all orthogonal transformations can be written as products of reflections by the Cartan-Dieudonné theorem. We begin by viewing the largest non-crystallographic reflection/Coxeter group $H_4$ as a group of rotations in two different ways -- firstly via a folding from the largest exceptional group $E_8$, and secondly by induction from the icosahedral group $H_3$ via Clifford spinors. We then generalise the second way by presenting a construction of a 4D root system from any given 3D one. This affords a new -- spinorial -- perspective on 4D phenomena, in particular as the induced root systems are precisely the exceptional ones in 4D, and their unusual automorphism groups are easily explained in the spinorial picture; we discuss the wider context of Platonic solids, Arnold's trinities and the McKay correspondence. The multivector groups can be used to perform concrete group-theoretic calculations, e.g. those for $H_3$ and $E_8$, and we discuss how various representations can also be constructed in this Clifford framework; in particular, representations of quaternionic type arise very naturally.
description: 15 pages, 3 figures, 3 tables. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1602.05985; text overlap with arXiv:1602.06003
Ergodicity in randomly perturbed quantum systems
Creators: name: Gherardini, Stefano
name: Lovecchio, Cosimo
name: Müller, Matthias M.
name: Lombardi, Pietro
name: Caruso, Filippo
name: Cataliotti, Francesco Saverio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The theoretical cornerstone of statistical mechanics is the ergodic assumption that all accessible configurations of a physical system are equally likely. Here we show how such property arises when an open quantum system is continuously perturbed by an external environment effectively observing the system at random times while the system dynamics approaches the quantum Zeno regime. In this context, by large deviation theory we analytically show how the most probable value of the probability for the system to be in a given state eventually deviates from the non-stochastic case when the Zeno condition is not satisfied. We experimentally test our results with ultra-cold atoms prepared on an atom chip.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
title: Working Conditions, Export Decisions, and Firm Constraints-Evidence from Vietnamese Small and Medium Enterprises
Creators: name: Phan, Trang Hoai
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2022

description: Better working conditions promote employee creativity and loyalty. Meanwhile, a stable and skilled workforce contributes to a firm’s sustainable growth. Therefore, providing favorable working conditions is one of the critical sustainable goals of many countries worldwide. However, some critics are concerned participating in international trade causes worsening employment conditions in developing countries. Driven by these concerns, the relationship between exports and labor conditions is worth illuminating. This study adopts the data from Vietnam’s small and medium-sized manufacturing enterprises (SMEs). The dataset was collected by the Ministry of Labour, Invalids and Social Affairs (MOLISA) and the University of Copenhagen, UNU-WIDER from 2011 to 2015. Unlike previous studies, this study clusters firms by export status, including four groups: non-exporting, consecutive exporting, start-exporting, and exit-exporting. Observing dynamic exports sheds light on the effects of export decisions more thoroughly than the static export. Another contribution, this study focuses on an essential aspect of working conditions: providing fringe benefits. Subsequently, the analysis is upgraded by controlling for firm constraints as interaction variables. A major constraint and financial constraint are adopted to proxy for a firm’s constraints. This work promotes assessments to be more accurate, thereby providing more valuable information to policymakers. Finally, a robustness test is applied to each type of fringe benefit. Instrumental variables are used to solve the problem of endogeneity. The results found that exporting firms provide better working conditions. Additionally, constrained firms have worse working conditions.
Non-Abelian Aharonov-Bohm effect with the time-dependent gauge fields
Creators: name: Mansoori, Seyed Ali Hosseini
name: Mirza, Behrouz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the non-Abelian Aharonov-Bohm (AB) effect for time-dependent gauge fields. We prove that the non-Abelian AB phase shift related to time-dependent gauge fields, in which the electric and magnetic fields are written in the adjoint representation of $SU(N)$ generators, vanishes up to the first order expansion of the phase factor. Therefore, the flux quantization in a superconductor ring does not appear in the time-dependent Abelian or non-Abelian AB effect.
description: 4 pages
Transport properties of the QCD medium
Creators: name: Ghiglieri, Jacopo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I present an overview of recent developments in the microscopic description of the quark-gluon plasma. I will concentrate on medium-induced emission and transverse momentum broadening. These are two key ingredients of the theory of jet modifications in the QCD medium and of the kinetic theory used for transport and thermalisation. The main focus is on progress towards a better understanding of theory and of its uncertainties.
description: Presented at Quark Matter 2022, to appear in the proceedings. 8 pages, 3 figures
Exact tunneling splittings from symmetrized path integrals
Creators: name: Trenins, George
name: Meuser, Lars
name: Bertschi, Hannah
name: Vavourakis, Odysseas
name: Flütsch, Reto
name: Richardson, Jeremy O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a new simulation technique based on path-integral molecular dynamics for calculating ground-state tunneling splitting patterns from ratios of symmetrized partition functions. In particular, molecular systems are rigorously projected onto their J = 0 rotational state by an "Eckart spring" that connects two adjacent beads in a ring polymer. Using this procedure, the tunneling splitting can be obtained from thermodynamic integration at just one (sufficiently low) temperature. Converged results are formally identical to the values that would have been obtained by solving the full rovibrational Schrödinger equation on a given Born--Oppenheimer potential energy surface. The new approach is showcased with simulations of hydronium and methanol, which are in good agreement with wavefunction-based calculations and experimental measurements. The method will be of particular use for the study of low-barrier methyl rotations and other floppy modes, where instanton theory is not valid.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures
Additional file 1 of Identification of potential biomarkers related to mesenchymal stem cell response in patients with Alzheimer’s disease
Creators: name: Choi, Yejoo
name: Shin, Sungho
name: Son, Hyo Jin
name: Lee, Na-Hee
name: Myeong, Su Hyeon
name: Lee, Cheolju
name: Jang, Hyemin
name: Choi, Soo Jin
name: Kim, Hee Jin
name: Na, Duk L.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
classificationCode: 69999
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Additional file 1: Preparation of human umbilical cord blood (hUCB)-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs).
Peer-to-Peer Sharing of Energy Storage Systems under Net Metering and Time-of-Use Pricing
Creators: name: Babu, K. Victor Sam Moses
name: K, Satya Surya Vinay
name: Chakraborty, Pratyush
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Sharing economy has become a socio-economic trend in transportation and housing sectors. It develops business models leveraging underutilized resources. Like those sectors, power grid is also becoming smarter with many flexible resources, and researchers are investigating the impact of sharing resources here as well that can help to reduce cost and extract value. In this work, we investigate sharing of energy storage devices among individual households in a cooperative fashion. Coalitional game theory is used to model the scenario where utility company imposes time-of-use (ToU) price and net metering billing mechanism. The resulting game has a non-empty core and we can develop a cost allocation mechanism with easy to compute analytical formula. Allocation is fair and cost effective for every household. We design the price for peer to peer network (P2P) and an algorithm for sharing that keeps the grand coalition always stable. Thus sharing electricity of storage devices among consumers can be effective in this set-up. Our mechanism is implemented in a community of 80 households in Texas using real data of demand and solar irradiance and the results show significant cost savings for our method.
Tailoring the core electron density in modulation-doped Core-Multi-Shell nanowires
Creators: name: Buscemi, Fabrizio
name: Royo, Miquel
name: Goldoni, Guido
name: Bertoni, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show how a proper radial modulation of the composition of core-multi-shell nanowires critically enhances the control of the free-carrier density in the high-mobility core with respect to core-single-shell structures, thus overcoming the technological difficulty of fine tuning the remote doping density. We calculate the electron population of the different nanowire layers as a function of the doping density and of several geometrical parameters by means of a self-consistent Schrödinger-Poisson approach: Free carriers tend to localize in the outer shell and screen the core from the electric field of the dopants.
description: 9 preprint pages, 4 figures
Topological surface states hybridized with bulk states of Bi-doped PbSb2Te4 revealed in quasiparticle interference
Creators: name: Hattori, Yuya
name: Sagisaka, Keisuke
name: Yoshizawa, Shunsuke
name: Tokumoto, Yuki
name: Edagawa, Keiichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Topological surface states of Bi-doped PbSb2Te4 [Pb(Bi0.20Sb0.80)2Te4] are investigated through analyses of quasiparticle interference (QPI) patterns observed by scanning tunneling microscopy. Interpretation of the experimental QPI patterns in the reciprocal space is achieved by numerical QPI simulations using two types of surface density of states produced by density functional theory calculations or a kp surface state model. We found that the Dirac point (DP) of the surface state appears in the bulk band gap of this material and, with the energy being away from the DP, the isoenergy contour of the surface state is substantially deformed or separated into segments due to hybridization with bulk electronic states. These findings provide a more accurate picture of topological surface states, especially at energies away from the DP, providing valuable insight into the electronic properties of topological insulators.
description: 6+14 pages, 4+8 figures
MKANet: A Lightweight Network with Sobel Boundary Loss for Efficient Land-cover Classification of Satellite Remote Sensing Imagery
Creators: name: Zhang, Zhiqi
name: Lu, Wen
name: Cao, Jinshan
name: Xie, Guangqi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Land cover classification is a multi-class segmentation task to classify each pixel into a certain natural or man-made category of the earth surface, such as water, soil, natural vegetation, crops, and human infrastructure. Limited by hardware computational resources and memory capacity, most existing studies preprocessed original remote sensing images by down sampling or cropping them into small patches less than 512*512 pixels before sending them to a deep neural network. However, down sampling images incurs spatial detail loss, renders small segments hard to discriminate, and reverses the spatial resolution progress obtained by decades of years of efforts. Cropping images into small patches causes a loss of long-range context information, and restoring the predicted results to their original size brings extra latency. In response to the above weaknesses, we present an efficient lightweight semantic segmentation network termed MKANet. Aimed at the characteristics of top view high-resolution remote sensing imagery, MKANet utilizes sharing kernels to simultaneously and equally handle ground segments of inconsistent scales, and also employs parallel and shallow architecture to boost inference speed and friendly support image patches more than 10X larger. To enhance boundary and small segments discrimination, we also propose a method that captures category impurity areas, exploits boundary information and exerts an extra penalty on boundaries and small segment misjudgment. Both visual interpretations and quantitative metrics of extensive experiments demonstrate that MKANet acquires state-of-the-art accuracy on two land-cover classification datasets and infers 2X faster than other competitive lightweight networks. All these merits highlight the potential of MKANet in practical applications.
Simultaneous analysis of matter radii, transition probabilities, and excitation energies of Mg isotopes by angular-momentum-projected configuration-mixing calculations
Creators: name: Shimada, Mitsuhiro
name: Watanabe, Shin
name: Tagami, Shingo
name: Matsumoto, Takuma
name: Shimizu, Yoshifumi R.
name: Yahiro, Masanobu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform simultaneous analysis of (1) matter radii, (2) $B(E2; 0^+ \rightarrow 2^+ )$ transition probabilities, and (3) excitation energies, $E(2^+)$ and $E(4^+)$, for $^{24-40}$Mg by using the beyond mean-field (BMF) framework with angular-momentum-projected configuration mixing with respect to the axially symmetric $β_2$ deformation with infinitesimal cranking. The BMF calculations successfully reproduce all of the data for $r_{\rm m}$, $B(E2)$, and $E(2^+)$ and $E(4^+)$, indicating that it is quite useful for data analysis, particularly for low-lying states. We also discuss the absolute value of the deformation parameter $β_2$ deduced from measured values of $B(E2)$ and $r_{\rm m}$. This framework makes it possible to investigate the effects of $β_2$ deformation, the change in $β_2$ due to restoration of rotational symmetry, $β_2$ configuration mixing, and the inclusion of time-odd components by infinitesimal cranking. Under the assumption of axial deformation and parity conservation, we clarify which effect is important for each of the three measurements, and propose the kinds of BMF calculations that are practical for each of the three kinds of observables.
description: 11 pages, 12 figures
Deep learning nonlocal and scalable energy functionals for quantum Ising models
Creators: name: Costa, Emanuele
name: Fazio, Rosario
name: Pilati, Sebastiano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Density functional theory (DFT) is routinely employed in material science and in quantum chemistry to simulate weakly correlated electronic systems. Recently, deep learning (DL) techniques have been adopted to develop promising functionals for the strongly correlated regime. DFT can be applied to quantum spin models too, but functionals based on DL have not been developed yet. Here, we investigate DL-based DFTs for random quantum Ising chains, both with nearest-neighbor and up to next-nearest neighbor couplings. Our neural functionals are trained and tested on data produced via the Jordan-Wigner transformation, exact diagonalization, and tensor-network methods. An economical gradient-descent optimization is used to find the ground-state properties of previously unseen Hamiltonian instances. Notably, our non-local functionals drastically improve upon the common local density approximations, and they are designed to be scalable, allowing us to simulate chain sizes much larger than those used for training. The prediction accuracy is analyzed, paying attention to the spatial correlations of the learned functionals and to the role of quantum criticality. Our findings indicate a suitable strategy to extend the reach of other computational methods with a controllable accuracy.
description: 14 pages, 15 figures