cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The landscape law for tight binding Hamiltonians
Creators: name: Arnold, Douglas N.
name: Filoche, Marcel
name: Mayboroda, Svitlana
name: Wang, Wei
name: Zhang, Shiwen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The present paper extends the landscape theory pioneered in [FM, ADFJM2, DFM] to the tight-binding Schrödinger operator on $\Z^d$. In particular, we establish upper and lower bounds for the integrated density of states in terms of the counting function based upon the localization landscape.
On the Anisotropy of Nuclei Mid-Infrared Radiation in Nearby Active Galactic Nuclei
Creators: name: Yang, Huan
name: Wang, JunXian
name: Liu, Teng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the center of active galactic nuclei (AGN), the dusty torus absorb the radiation from the central engine and re-emit in mid-infrared (MIR). Observations have detected moderate anisotropy in the dust MIR emission, in the way that type 1 AGNs (type1s) are mildly brighter in MIR comparing with type 2 sources (type2s). However, type1s and type2s were found to follow statistically the same tight MIR -- hard X-ray correlation, suggesting the MIR emission is highly isotropic assuming the hard X-ray radiation is inclination independent. We argue this discrepancy could be solved considering the hard X-ray emission in AGN is also mildly anisotropic as we recently discovered. To verify this diagram, we compare the sub-arcsecond 12μm flux densities of type1s and type2s using [OIV]$λ$25.89μm emission line as an isotropic luminosity indicator. We find that on average type1s are brighter in nuclei 12μm radiation by a factor of $2.6 \pm 0.6$ than type2s at given [OIV]$λ$25.89μm luminosities, confirming the mild anisotropy of the nuclei 12μm emission. We show that the anisotropy of the 12μm emission we detected is in good agreement with radiative transfer models of clumpy torus. The fact that type 1 and type 2 AGNs follow the same tight MIR -- hard X-ray correlation instead supports that both the MIR and hard X-ray emission in AGNs are mildly anisotropic.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures, 2 tables, ApJ accepted
Toward a Calculus of Confidence
Creators: name: Scaffidi, Chris
name: Shaw, Mary
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 80399 Computer Software not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Programmers, and end-user programmers in particular, often have difficulty evaluating software, data, and communication components for reuse in new software systems, which effectively reduces the value programmers derive from those components. End-user programmers are especially ill equipped to exercise the customary high-ceremony means of evaluating software quality. We seek effective ways to use low-ceremony sources of evidence, such as online reviews and reputation data, to make components’ quality attributes easier to establish, thereby facilitating more effective selection of components for reuse. Achieving this will require identifying sources of low-ceremony evidence, designing the meta-information required to track the differing sources and levels of credibility of various sources of evidence, and developing a method for combining pieces of disparate information into overall estimates of component value.
Evidence against a strong thermal inversion in HD 209458 b from high-dispersion spectroscopy
Creators: name: Schwarz, Henriette
name: Brogi, Matteo
name: de Kok, Remco
name: Birkby, Jayne
name: Snellen, Ignas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Broadband secondary-eclipse measurements of hot Jupiters have indicated the existence of atmospheric thermal inversions, but their presence is difficult to determine from broadband measurements because of degeneracies between molecular abundances and temperature structure. We apply high-resolution (R = 100 000) infrared spectroscopy to probe the temperature-pressure profile of HD 209458 b. This bright, transiting hot-Jupiter has long been considered the gold standard for a hot Jupiter with an inversion layer, but this has been challenged in recent publications. We observed the thermal dayside emission of HD 209458 b with CRIRES / VLT during three nights, targeting the carbon monoxide band at 2.3 microns. Thermal inversions give rise to emission features, which means that detecting emission lines in the planetary spectrum, as opposed to absorption lines, would be direct evidence of a region in which the temperature increases with altitude. We do not detect any significant absorption or emission of CO in the dayside spectrum of HD 209458 b, although cross-correlation with template spectra either with CO absorption lines or with weak emission at the core of the lines show a low-significance correlation signal with a signal-to-noise ratio of 3 - 3.5. Models with strong CO emission lines show a weak anti-correlation with similar or lower significance levels. Furthermore, we found no evidence of absorption or emission from H2O at these wavelengths. The non-detection of CO in the dayside spectrum of HD 209458 b is interesting in light of a previous CO detection in the transmission spectrum. That there is no signal indicates that HD 209458 b either has a nearly isothermal atmosphere or that the signal is heavily muted. Assuming a clear atmosphere, we can rule out a full-disc dayside inversion layer in the pressure range 1 bar to 1 mbar.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Laplace's method for elastic scattering diagrams within multi-particle fields model
Creators: name: Chudak, N. O.
name: Sharph, I. V.
name: Potiienko, O. S.
name: Merkotan, K. K.
name: Yushkevych, T. V.
name: Milieva, A. O.
name: Rusov, V. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply the multi-particle fields model to calculate the differential cross-section dσ/dt of elastic proton-proton scattering. This problem includes the calculation of multidimensional integrals arising from the loop Feynman diagrams. We demonstrated how these integrals can be reduced with Laplace's method to one- and two-dimensional integrals which can be calculated numerically. The obtained result qualitatively describe the minimum in differential cross-section dependency dσ/dt(t).
description: v2: Revised, 31 pages, 8 figures, in English and Ukrainian; v3: substantially revised, 15 pages, 8 figures, in English only
Towards the optimal suppression of details when disclosing medical data, the use of sub-combination analysis
Creators: name: Sweeney, Latanya
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 80399 Computer Software not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Sharing medical data with researchers, economists, policy makers, administrators and other secondary viewers, immediately summons for consideration the dichotomy between the recipientâ€™s needs and disclosure risk. Finding the optimal balance between the suppression of details within the data needed to maintain confidentiality on the one hand, and the specificity required by the recipient in order for the data to remain useful on the other hand, is quite difficult. We present a new computational technique based on stepwise consideration of all sub-combinations of sensitive fields. This technique can be used within the Datafly or m-Argus architectures to help achieve optimal disclosure and we show that doing so provides more specific data than Datafly would normally release and improves the confidentiality of results from m-Argus.
Electroweak Symmetry Breaking without the $μ^2$ Term
Creators: name: Goertz, Florian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate that from a low energy perspective a viable breaking of the electroweak symmetry, as present in nature, can be achieved without the (negative sign) $μ^2$ mass term in the Higgs potential, thereby avoiding completely the appearance of relevant operators, featuring coefficients with a positive mass dimension, in the theory. We show that such a setup is self consistent and not ruled out by Higgs physics. In particular, we point out that it is the lightness of the Higgs boson that allows for the electroweak symmetry to be broken dynamically via operators of $D\geq 4$, consistent with the power expansion. Beyond that, we entertain how this scenario might even be preferred phenomenologically compared to the ordinary mechanism of electroweak symmetry breaking, as realized in the Standard Model, and argue that it can be fully tested at the LHC. In an appendix, we classify UV completions that could lead to such a setup, considering also the option of generating all scales dynamically.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures; v2: references added, minor clarifications, shortened and corrected appendix, matches version submitted to journal; v3: matches published version
Additional file 28 of Multiple and diversified transposon lineages contribute to early and recent bivalve genome evolution
Creators: name: Martelossi, Jacopo
name: Nicolini, Filippo
name: Subacchi, Simone
name: Pasquale, Daniela
name: Ghiselli, Fabrizio
name: Luchetti, Andrea
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology

description: Additional file 28: Table S8. Conserved Domain Database identifier used to search for Reverse Transcriptase and Endonuclease signatures in extracted open reading frames.
The North Polar Spur and Aquila Rift
Creators: name: Sofue, Yoshiaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Soft X-ray intensity at 0.89 keV along the North Polar Spur is shown to follow the extinction law due to the interstellar gas in the Aquila Rift by analyzing the ROSAT archival data, which proves that the NPS is located behind the rift. The Aquila-Serpens molecular clouds, where the X-ray optical depth exceeds unity, are shown to have a mean LSR velocity of v=7.33 +/- 1.94 km/s, corresponding to a kinematic distance of r=0.642 +/- 0.174 kpc. Assuming a shell structure, a lower limit of the distance to NPS is derived to be 1.01 +/- 0.25 kpc, with the shell center being located farther than 1.1 kpc. Based on the distance estimation, we argue that the NPS is a galactic halo object.
description: 8 pages, 11 figures, 3 tables, accepted for MNRAS, Full resolution pdf at http://www.ioa.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp/~sofue/papers/GCE/
The Aretaic Significance of Moral Beliefs
Creators: name: Copic, Sara
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: I argue that a person’s moral beliefs can contribute to or detract from the quality of that person’s moral character. I argue that this happens when one’s moral beliefs result from cognitive (as opposed to conative) features that contribute to or detract from the quality of one’s moral character, and I argue that some cognitive features can do that. I also argue that moral beliefs contribute to a person’s moral character when she self-consciously acts in accordance with those beliefs. Likewise, self-consciously flouting one’s moral views detracts from a person’s moral goodness. Since I maintain that conative states also play a part in constituting quality of moral character, my view is a hybrid view. This approach contrasts with the fully desire-based account of moral goodness that Arpaly and Schroeder present in In Praise of Desire. I present the desire-based account and show that a hybrid view has some explanatory advantages.
An algorithm to factorize quantum walks into shift and coin operations
Creators: name: Cedzich, C.
name: Geib, T.
name: Werner, R. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide an algorithm that factorizes one-dimensional quantum walks into a protocol of two basic operations: A fixed conditional shift that transports particles between cells and suitable coin operators that act locally in each cell. This allows to tailor quantum walk protocols to any experimental setup by rephrasing it on the cell structure determined by the experimental limitations. We give the example of a walk defined on a qutrit chain compiled to run an a qubit chain.
description: 4 pages
Self-stabilized Bose polarons
Creators: name: Schmidt, Richard
name: Enss, Tilman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The mobile impurity in a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) is a paradigmatic many-body problem. For weak interaction between the impurity and the BEC, the impurity deforms the BEC only slightly and it is well described within the Fröhlich model and the Bogoliubov approximation. For strong local attraction this standard approach, however, fails to balance the local attraction with the weak repulsion between the BEC particles and predicts an instability where an infinite number of bosons is attracted toward the impurity. Here we present a solution of the Bose polaron problem beyond the Bogoliubov approximation which includes the local repulsion between bosons and thereby stabilizes the Bose polaron even near and beyond the scattering resonance. We show that the Bose polaron energy remains bounded from below across the resonance and the size of the polaron dressing cloud stays finite. Our results demonstrate how the dressing cloud replaces the attractive impurity potential with an effective many-body potential that excludes binding. We find that at resonance, including the effects of boson repulsion, the polaron energy depends universally on the effective range. Moreover, while the impurity contact is strongly peaked at positive scattering length, it remains always finite. Our solution highlights how Bose polarons are self-stabilized by repulsion, providing a mechanism to understand quench dynamics and nonequilibrium time evolution at strong coupling.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
Verification of Floating Point Adders
Creators: name: Yirng-An  Chen
name: Bryant, Randal
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 80399 Computer Software not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The floating-point (FP) division bug in Intel’s Pentium processor and the overflow flag erratum of the FIST instruction in Intel’s Pentium Pro and Pentium II processor have demonstrated the importance and the difficulty of verifying FP arithmetic circuits. In this paper, we present the verification of FP adders with reusable specifications, using extended wordlevel SMV, which is improved by using the Multiplicative Power HDDs (*PHDDs), and by incorporating conditional symbolic simulation as well as a shortcircuiting technique. Based on the case analysis, the specifications of FP adders are divided into several hundreds of implementation independent subspecifications. We applied our system and these specifications to verify the IEEE double precision FP adder in the Aurora III Chip at the University of Michigan. Our system found several design errors in this FP adder and generated one counterexample for each error within several minutes. A variant of the corrected FP adder is created to illustrate the capability of our system to handle different FP adder designs. For each of FP adders, the verification task finished in 2 CPU hours on a Sun UltraSPARCII server.
SETTLER COLONIALISM AND ARGUMENTS FOR OPEN BORDERS
Creators: name: Adam, Karl Martin
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: The debate over whether, and if so, when, political communities have the right to restrict immigration has largely focused on the U.S. and Europe. In this paper I attempt to broaden this debate by interrogating the implications of three families of open borders arguments for historical cases of settler colonialism. These arguments, I show, support a great deal of historical settler colonialism and also have problematic implications for the rights of contemporary indigenous peoples, which should not be surprising since the historical defenders of settler colonialism themselves made arguments in the three families I discuss. Appealing to this history, I provide a republican justification for some restrictions on immigration as being necessary to prevent domination. Whether or not they are convinced by my specific proposals regarding when immigration may be restricted, I hope that advocates for immigrant rights become more cautious regarding the implications of their arguments for indigenous rights.
Statistical mechanics of dimers on quasiperiodic Ammann-Beenker tilings
Creators: name: Lloyd, Jerome
name: Biswas, Sounak
name: Simon, Steven H.
name: Parameswaran, S. A.
name: Flicker, Felix
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study classical dimers on two-dimensional quasiperiodic Ammann-Beenker (AB) tilings. Despite the lack of periodicity we prove that each infinite tiling admits 'perfect matchings' in which every vertex is touched by one dimer. We introduce an auxiliary 'AB$^*$' tiling obtained from the AB tiling by deleting all 8-fold coordinated vertices. The AB$^*$ tiling is again two-dimensional, infinite, and quasiperiodic. The AB$^*$ tiling has a single connected component, which admits perfect matchings. We find that in all perfect matchings, dimers on the AB$^*$ tiling lie along disjoint one-dimensional loops and ladders, separated by 'membranes', sets of edges where dimers are absent. As a result, the dimer partition function of the AB$^*$ tiling factorizes into the product of dimer partition functions along these structures. We compute the partition function and free energy per edge on the AB$^*$ tiling using an analytic transfer matrix approach. Returning to the AB tiling, we find that membranes in the AB$^*$ tiling become 'pseudomembranes', sets of edges which collectively host at most one dimer. This leads to a remarkable discrete scale-invariance in the matching problem. The structure suggests that the AB tiling should exhibit highly inhomogenous and slowly decaying connected dimer correlations. Using Monte Carlo simulations, we find evidence supporting this supposition in the form of connected dimer correlations consistent with power law behaviour. Within the set of perfect matchings we find quasiperiodic analogues to the staggered and columnar phases observed in periodic systems.
description: 33 pages, 26 figures
Verification of Snapshotable Trees using Access Permissions and Typestate
Creators: name: Mehnert, Hannes
name: Aldrich, Jonathan
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 80399 Computer Software not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We use access permissions and typestate to specify and verify a Java library that implements snapshotable search trees, as well as some client code. We formalize our approach in the Plural tool, a sound modular typestate checking tool. We describe the challenges to verifying snapshotable trees in Plural, give an abstract interface specification against which we verify the client code, provide a concrete specification for an implementation and describe proof patterns we found. We also relate this verification approach to other techniques used to verify this data structure.
Hodge cycles and the Leray filtration
Creators: name: Arapura, Donu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This is loosely a continuation of the author's previous paper arXiv:1802.09496. In the first part, given a fibered variety, we pull back the Leray filtration to the Chow group, and use this to give some criteria for the Hodge and Tate conjectures to hold for such varieties. In the second part, we show that the Hodge conjecture holds for a good desingularization of a self fibre product of a non-isotrivial elliptic surface under appropriate conditions. We also show that the Hodge and Tate conjectures hold for natural families of abelian varieties parameterized by certain Shimura curves. This uses Zucker's description of the mixed Hodge structure on the cohomology of a variation of Hodge structures on a curve, along with appropriate "vanishing" theorems.
description: Final version to appear in Pacific Journal of Math. Theorem 2.1 replaced with a weaker statement which requires further genericiity and non degeneracy conditions
Visibility of Control in Adaptive Systems
Creators: name: Hausi  Muller
name: Pezze, Mauro
name: Shaw, Mary
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 80399 Computer Software not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Adaptive systems respond to changes in their internal state or external environment with guidance from an underlying control system. ULS systems are particularly likely to re- quire dynamic adaptation because of their decentralized con- trol and the large number of independent stakeholders whose actions are integral to the system's behavior. Adaptation may take various forms, but the system structure will al- most inevitably include one or more closed feedback loops. We argue that adaptability is a characteristic of a solution, not of a problem, and that the feedback loop governing con- trol of adaptability should be explicit in design and analysis and either explicit or clearly traceable in implementation.
Explicit Interval Estimates for Prime Numbers
Creators: name: Cully-Hugill, Michaela
name: Lee, Ethan S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11Y35, 11N05

description: Using a smoothing function and recent knowledge on the zeros of the Riemann zeta-function, we compute pairs of $(Δ,x_0)$ such that for all $x \geq x_0$ there exists at least one prime in the interval $(x(1 - Δ^{-1}), x]$.
description: This version has been updated with corrections to the 2022 paper. 15 pages, comments welcome!
BIO-Young: Smartphone-based biomarkers in adolescents with unipolar disorder and bipolar disorder, their healthy siblings and healthy controls
Creators: name: Melbye, S
name: Faurholt-Jepsen, M
name: Frost, M
name: Bardram, J. E.
name: Kessing, L. V.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017

description: Poster presentation at TEAM ITN Orientation Conference
Magnetic field tuning of crystal field levels and vibronic states in Spin-ice Ho$_2$Ti$_2$O$_7$ observed in far-infrared reflectometry
Creators: name: Ozerov, Mykhaylo
name: Anand, Naween
name: van de Burgt, L. J.
name: Lu, Zhengguang
name: Holleman, Jade
name: Zhou, Haidong
name: McGill, Steve
name: Beekman, Christianne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Low temperature optical spectroscopy in applied magnetic fields provides clear evidence of magnetoelastic coupling in the spin ice material Ho$_2$Ti$_2$O$_7$. In far-IR reflectometry measurements, we observe field dependent features around 30, 61, 72 and 78~meV, energies corresponding to crystal electronic field (CEF) doublets. The calculations of the crystal-field Hamiltonian model confirm that the observed features in IR spectra are consistent with magnetic-dipole-allowed excitations from the ground state to higher $^5$I$_8$ CEF levels. We present the CEF parameters that best describe our field-dependent IR reflectivity measurements. Additionally, we identify a weak field-dependent shoulder near one of the CEF doublets. This indicates that this level is split even in zero-field, which we associate with a vibronic bound state. Modeling of the observed splitting shows that the phonon resides at slightly lower energy compared to the CEF level that it couples to, which is in contrast with previously published inelastic neutron measurements. The magnetic field dependence of the vibronic state shows a gradual decoupling of the phonon with the CEF level as it shifts. This approach should work in pyrochlores and other systems that have magnetic dipole transitions in the IR spectroscopic range, which can elucidate the presence and the ability to tune the nature of vibronic states in a wide variety of materials.
On the polar cap cascade pair multiplicity of young pulsars
Creators: name: Timokhin, A. N.
name: Harding, A. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the efficiency of pair production in polar caps of young pulsars under a variety of conditions to estimate the maximum possible multiplicity of pair plasma in pulsar magnetospheres. We develop a semi-analytic model for calculation of cascade multiplicity which allows efficient exploration of the parameter space and corroborate it with direct numerical simulations. Pair creation processes are considered separately from particle acceleration in order to assess different factors affecting cascade efficiency, with acceleration of primary particles described by recent self-consistent non-stationary model of pair cascades. We argue that the most efficient cascades operate in the curvature radiation/synchrotron regime, the maximum multiplicity of pair plasma in pulsar magnetospheres is ~few x 10^5. The multiplicity of pair plasma in magnetospheres of young energetic pulsars weakly depends on the strength of the magnetic field and the radius of curvature of magnetic field lines and has a stronger dependence on pulsar inclination angle. This result questions assumptions about very high pair plasma multiplicity in theories of pulsar wind nebulae.
description: 27 pages, 23 figures; ApJ, 810, 144 (2015)
Additional file 1 of The effects of hip- vs. knee-dominant hamstring exercise on biceps femoris morphology, strength, and sprint performance: a randomized intervention trial protocol
Creators: name: Crawford, Scott K.
name: Hickey, Jack
name: Vlisides, Jessica
name: Chambers, Jennifer S.
name: Mosiman, Samuel J.
name: Heiderscheit, Bryan C.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 1
Writing Good Software Engineering Research Papers
Creators: name: Shaw, Mary
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 80399 Computer Software not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Software engineering researchers solve problems of several different kinds. To do so, they produce several different kinds of results, and they should develop appropriate evidence to validate these results. They often report their research in conference papers. I analyzed the abstracts of research papers submitted to ICSE 2002 in order to identify the types of research reported in the submitted and accepted papers, and I observed the program committee discussions about which papers to accept. This report presents the research paradigms of the papers, common concerns of the program committee, and statistics on success rates. This information should help researchers design better research projects and write papers that present their results to best advantage.
Geometrical properties of the interaction between oblique incoming coronal waves and coronal holes
Creators: name: Piantschitsch, I.
name: Terradas, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Observations of coronal waves (CWs) interacting with coronal holes (CHs) show the formation of typical wave-like features, such as reflected, refracted and transmitted waves (collectively, secondary waves). In accordance with these observations, numerical evidence for the wave characteristics of CWs is given by simulations which demonstrate effects of deflection and reflection when a CW interacts with regions exhibiting a sudden density drop, such as CHs. However, secondary waves are usually weak in their signal and simulations are limited in the way the according idealisations have to be chosen. Hence, several properties of the secondary waves during a CW-CH interaction are unclear or ambiguous and might lead to misinterpretations. In this study we follow a theoretical approach and focus in particular on the geometrical properties of secondary waves caused by the interaction between oblique incoming CWs and CHs. Based on a linear theory, we derive analytical expressions for reflection and transmission coefficients, which tell us how strongly the amplitudes of the secondary waves increase and decrease with respect to the incoming wave, respectively. Additionally, we provide analytical terms for crucial incidence angles that are capable of giving information about the energy flux, the phase and the reflection properties of the secondary waves. These novel expressions provide a supplementary tool for estimating CW properties in a fast and straightforward way and, therefore, might have relevant consequences for a possible new interpretation of already studied CW-CH interaction events and the clarification of ambiguous observational data.
description: 15 pages, 10 figures
Writing Good Software Engineering Research Papers
Creators: name: Shaw, Mary
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 80399 Computer Software not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Software engineering researchers solve problems of several different kinds. To do so, they produce several different kinds of results, and they should develop appropriate evidence to validate these results. They often report their research in conference papers. I analyzed the abstracts of research papers submitted to ICSE 2002 in order to identify the types of research reported in the submitted and accepted papers, and I observed the program committee discussions about which papers to accept. This report presents the research paradigms of the papers, common concerns of the program committee, and statistics on success rates. This information should help researchers design better research projects and write papers that present their results to best advantage.
title:  Paola Parolari, Culture, diritto, diritti. Diversità culturale e diritti fondamentali negli stati costituzionali di diritto, Giappichelli, Torino, 2016, pp. 275
Creators: name: Clerici, Barbara
Publisher: name: Roma TrE-Press
Year: 2017

description: Democrazia e Sicurezza – 2016, n. 4
Disk mass and disk heating in the spiral galaxy NGC 3223
Creators: name: Gentile, G.
name: Tydtgat, C.
name: Baes, M.
name: De Geyter, G.
name: Koleva, M.
name: Angus, G. W.
name: de Blok, W. J. G.
name: Saftly, W.
name: Viaene, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the stellar and gaseous kinematics of an Sb galaxy, NGC 3223, with the aim of determining the vertical and radial stellar velocity dispersion as a function of radius, which can help to constrain disk heating theories. Together with the observed NIR photometry, the vertical velocity dispersion is also used to determine the stellar mass-to-light (M/L) ratio, typically one of the largest uncertainties when deriving the dark matter distribution from the observed rotation curve. We find a vertical-to-radial velocity dispersion ratio of sigma_z/sigma_R=1.21+-0.14, significantly higher than expectations from known correlations, and a weakly-constrained Ks-band stellar M/L ratio in the range 0.5-1.7, at the high end of (but consistent with) the predictions of stellar population synthesis models. Such a weak constraint on the stellar M/L ratio, however, does not allow us to securely determine the dark matter density distribution. To achieve this, either a statistical approach or additional data (e.g. integral-field unit) are needed.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A. 8 pages, 6 figures
Attention Moderates the Impact of Expectations on Hedonic Experience
Creators: name: Garbinsky, Emily N.
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 170199 Psychology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: The ability of an expectation to affect an experience depends upon whether a discrepancy is detected. It was hypothesized that attention plays a moderating role on the effect that expectations have on hedonic experience such that participants would be less likely to notice that a discrepancy exists if another task occupied more, rather than fewer, attentional resources. The results obtained were consistent with this hypothesis. Experiments 1 and 2 showed that participants rated unfunny cartoons as significantly funnier when their attention was being allocated elsewhere in terms of time pressure (Experiment 1) and high cognitive load (Experiment 2). Experiment 3 examined whether these results were due to assimilation or contrast, but was unsuccessful in the manipulation of attention, warranting further investigation.
Highly coherent electron beam from a laser-triggered tungsten needle tip
Creators: name: Ehberger, Dominik
name: Hammer, Jakob
name: Eisele, Max
name: Krüger, Michael
name: Noe, Jonathan
name: Högele, Alexander
name: Hommelhoff, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on a quantitative measurement of the spatial coherence of electrons emitted from a sharp metal needle tip. We investigate the coherence in photoemission using near-ultraviolet laser triggering with a photon energy of 3.1 eV and compare it to DC-field emission. A carbon-nanotube is brought in close proximity to the emitter tip to act as an electrostatic biprism. From the resulting electron matter wave interference fringes we deduce an upper limit of the effective source radius both in laser-triggered and DC-field emission mode, which quantifies the spatial coherence of the emitted electron beam. We obtain $(0.80\pm 0.05)\,$nm in laser-triggered and $(0.55\pm 0.02)\,$nm in DC-field emission mode, revealing that the outstanding coherence properties of electron beams from needle tip field emitters are largely maintained in laser-induced emission. In addition, the relative coherence width of 0.36 of the photoemitted electron beam is the largest observed so far. The preservation of electronic coherence during emission as well as ramifications for time-resolved electron imaging techniques are discussed.
Brief Mindfulness Meditation Training and Stress Reactivity: Mechanisms and Outcomes
Creators: name: Rahl, Hayley
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 170199 Psychology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Previous research suggests that mindfulness buffers stress reactivity and improves some health
outcomes in stress-related diseases. However, little is known about the mechanisms facilitating
this effect, such as the purported roles of monitoring and acceptance in mindfulness training.
This study manipulates the components of monitoring and acceptance in a brief mindfulness
meditation training randomized controlled trial, and evaluates whether they have dissociable
effects on fostering attentional control, emotion regulation, and reducing stress reactivity.
Participants (N=102) completed three days of training (the monitoring only condition, the
monitoring and acceptance condition, the relaxation condition, and the reading control
condition), followed by a Sustained Attention Response Task (SART) and an emotional Stroop
task, which measured sustained attention and emotion regulation. Participants then completed
their fourth training session followed by the Trier Social Stress Test (TSST), during which their
systolic blood pressure was measured at two-minute intervals. Although no significant
differences in blood pressure reactivity were observed, marginally significant differences were
observed in sustained attention target discrimination rate, specifically with the highest rate in the
relaxation training condition, followed by the monitoring and acceptance condition and the
monitoring only condition. Results of reaction time of correct response to threatening stimuli
revealed a trend of the fastest reaction times in the monitoring only condition, followed by the
control conditions, with the slowest reaction times in the monitoring and acceptance condition.
These findings suggest that both relaxation training and mindfulness training improve attentional
control and alter emotion regulation, however, they fail to support any relative advantage of
mindfulness training over relaxation training. We discuss the implications of these findings for
the role of attention in mindfulness training and health.
Boundary conditions and dynamics of fluvial obstacle mark formation
Creators: name: Schlömer, Oliver
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Bonn
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Kolke
subject: Sedimentäre Strukturen
subject: Experimentelle Geomorphologie
subject: Hydraulik
subject: Hochwasserrekonstruktion
subject: ddc:550

description: Obstacles like boulders, riparian vegetation, and man-made structures such as bridge piers are common in fluvial environments. When exposed to flow, they form characteristic geomorphological and sedimentary structures known as “obstacle marks”, consisting of an upstream scour hole and a downstream sediment ridge. These structures result from three-dimensional turbulent vortices, which increase flow velocity and shear stress, mobilising sediment even below the threshold for general bedload movement. The processes that control the formation of obstacle marks depend on environmental conditions such as flow characteristics, sediment properties, and obstacle shape. While hydraulic engineering research has focused on local scour around infrastructure such as bridge piers, natural obstacles such as boulders and riparian vegetation remain understudied. In particular, the effects of submergence variations on local scour and the influence of obstacle permeability on vortices formation require further investigation.
 This thesis presents results from four experimental campaigns with over 190 flume experiments, in which key control parameters were systematically varied. Laboratory results on obstacle mark geometries are compared with field observations from the Colorado River (USA) and the Loire River (France). These results improve the understanding of obstacle mark dynamics and contribute to the reconstruction of past hydrological conditions based on preserved sedimentary structures and help to refine indicators of past flood magnitudes based on persistent obstacle mark geometries.
 Key findings of this thesis include
 - A new framework identifies 13 non-dimensional control parameters that influence obstacle mark formation, categorised by their effects on geometric length scales and formation thresholds.
 - Flow depth relative to obstacle size is a primary control parameter, maximising obstacle mark size at comparable depths but limiting formation at greater depths.
 - Factors such as alluvial depth and boulder tilt limit geometric length scales, while highly permeable obstacles (e.g. shrubs) prevent obstacle mark formation beyond a critical porosity threshold.
 - A quantitative model describes local scour hole expansion under steady and unsteady flow conditions and shows scale-invariant similarities between laboratory and field results.
 - The dominant vortex size at the base of the obstacle correlates with flow depth during formation, allowing an empirical estimate of past flow conditions. This approach, applied to preserved obstacle marks in the Rambla de la Viuda (Region of Valencia, Spain), provides the first quantitative use of local scour holes as flow depth indicators.
Can Different Incentives Influence Participants’ Choice?
Creators: name: Mullen, Elizabeth
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 170202 Decision Making
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Monetary incentives are used to encourage people to perform a variety of different actions. Increasingly, they are used to encourage actions that are directly beneficial to individuals, such as engaging in healthy behaviors or quitting addictive drugs. Interestingly, however, there is little research comparing the effectiveness of different types of incentive schemes. The current project compares the effectiveness of incentive schemes that offer sure payments versus lotteries of equal expected value. Specifically, two studies examine whether people are more likely to participate in a task if they are offered: (1) a fixed sure payment, (2) a lottery of equal expected value, or (3) a choice between the sure payment and lottery. We hypothesize that lotteries will be the most effective incentive and that a choice between a lottery and a fixed payment will be least effective. We then examine which incentive people are more likely to select, when presented with a choice between a lottery and a fixed payment. We hypothesize that, even though lotteries provide greater motivation, people will tend to select fixed payments over lotteries if given a choice. Study 1 addressed these questions in the context of a campus blood drive, and provided tentative evidence that people prefer either type of incentive (lottery vs. sure payment) over the choice of incentives. Study 2 examined whether participants are more motivated to complete a survey in exchange for a sure cash payment, a lottery, or a choice between a sure cash payment and a lottery. Results from these studies could have important implications for researchers and volunteering organizations, which seek to provide incentives for participants at the lowest cost to the organization.
Additional file 2 of The effects of hip- vs. knee-dominant hamstring exercise on biceps femoris morphology, strength, and sprint performance: a randomized intervention trial protocol
Creators: name: Crawford, Scott K.
name: Hickey, Jack
name: Vlisides, Jessica
name: Chambers, Jennifer S.
name: Mosiman, Samuel J.
name: Heiderscheit, Bryan C.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 2
An on-shell approach to neutrino oscillations
Creators: name: Alves, Gustavo F. S.
name: Bertuzzo, Enrico
name: Salla, Gabriel M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the usual quantum field theoretical approach, neutrino oscillations are studied diagonalising either the mass or matter Hamiltonians. In this paper we analyse the problem from an on-shell amplitude perspective, where Lagrangians or Hamiltonians are not available. We start by studying in detail how flavor enters in the amplitudes and how the PMNS matrix emerges. We then analyse the elastic amplitude of two neutrinos and two charged leptons that induce matter effects and propose a strategy to obtain the known results of the standard oscillation theory without Hamiltonians. Finally, we extend the previously proposed procedure and use the most general elastic 4-point amplitude to study beyond the Standard Model effects on oscillations.
description: v2: 10 pages, discussion modified, new section on oscillation in matter added, version accepted for publication in PRD
Classification of finite irreducible conformal modules for $K'_4$
Creators: name: Bagnoli, Lucia
name: Caselli, Fabrizio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 08A05, 17B05 (primary), 17B65, 17B70 (secondary)

description: We classify the finite irreducible modules over the conformal superalgebra $K'_{4}$ by their correspondence with finite conformal modules over the associated annihilation superalgebra $\mathcal A(K'_{4})$. This is achieved by a complete classification of singular vectors in generalized Verma modules for $\mathcal A(K'_{4})$. We also show that morphisms between generalized Verma modules can be arranged in infinitely many bilateral complexes.
description: 52 pages, 1 figure
title:  Maria Luisa Maniscalco, Elisa Pellizzari (cur.), Deliri culturali. Sette, fondamentalismi religiosi, pratiche sacrificali, genocidi, L’Harmattan Italia, Torino, 2016, pp. 144
Creators: name: Antonelli, Francesco
Publisher: name: Roma TrE-Press
Year: 2017

description: Democrazia e Sicurezza – 2016, n. 4
Community Development and Civic Participation among Pittsburgh’s Hispanic Population
Creators: name: Morgenstern, Claire
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 190302 Professional Writing
subject: FOS: Media and communications

description: This is the story of Pittsburgh’s “invisible” Latino population, a growing number of working-class, Spanish-speaking immigrants who remain largely unseen by the city’s traditionally non-Hispanic population. They go to work each day in the backs of restaurants, stand at the city’s few unofficial hiring sites, hoping for construction or landscaping work, or clean residential homes. While traditionally a hub for Hispanic university professors, doctors, and other professionals, Pittsburgh is among the growing number of smaller cities in regions throughout the U.S. to which working-class Latinos are flocking, even though they have not traditionally been considered Hispanic. Pittsburgh is a city of nearly 300,000 in Allegheny County, a region in the southwestern corner of Pennsylvania, whose Hispanic population has increased by 26.2% since the year 2000 (U.S. Census Bureau). Despite this marked increase, the Hispanic community here struggles to find its own members in this geographically disparate region, and works even harder to pull together enough funding to provide services the community desperately needs in a region that doesn’t have as many collective resources as major cities with large Hispanic centers, such as New York, Los Angeles, or Miami.
Discouragement, Gender,	and Professional Tennis
Creators: name: Wang, Steven
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 170202 Decision Making
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Psychologists and economists assert that discouragement plays an important role in determining how individuals respond to adversity. For example, regions with high persistent unemployment are linked with higher numbers of discouraged workers who stop looking for work altogether (Sandmeyer and Larkin, 1970). A study by Dernberg and Strand also found that some groups who may have a harder time obtaining employment, such as women, the very old, and the very young show higher levels of labor discouragement during times of high unemployment (Dernberg and Strand, 1966). Similarly in the realm of education, biases favoring boys in elementary school can lead to discouragement among girls and negatively impact their achievement in middle and high school (Lavy and Sand, 2015). However, less is known about the role of discouragement in high stakes situations with professionals or experts. This paper asks whether professionals in high stakes scenarios are prone to costly discouragement in the context of professional athletic performance.