cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Semiparametric additive marginal regression models for multiple type recurrent events
Creators: name: Wang, Qihua
name: Chen, Xiaolin
name: Cai, Jianwen
name: Shankar, Viswanathan
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Recurrent event data are often encountered in biomedical research, for example, recurrent infections or recurrent hospitalizations for patients after renal transplant. In many studies, there are more than one type of events of interest. Cai and Schaubel (2004) advocated a proportional marginal rate model for multiple type recurrent event data. In this paper, we propose a general additive marginal rate regression model. Estimating equations approach is used to obtain the estimators of regression coefficients and baseline rate function. We prove the consistency and asymptotic normality of the proposed estimators. The finite sample properties of our estimators are demonstrated by simulations. The proposed methods are applied to the India renal transplant study to examine risk factors for bacterial, fungal and viral infections.
Efficacious calculation of Raman spectra in high pressure hydrogen
Creators: name: Ackland, G. J.
name: Magdau, I. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present and evaluate an efficient method for simulating Raman spectra from molecular dynamics (MD) calculations {\it without} defining normal modes. We apply the method to high pressure hydrogen in the high-temperature "Phase IV": a plastic crystal in which the conventional picture of fixed phonon eigenmodes breaks down. Projecting trajectories onto in-phase molecular stretches is shown to be many orders of magnitude faster than polarisability calculations, allowing statistical averaging at high-temperature. The simulations are extended into metastable regimes and identify several regimes associated with symmetry-breaking on different timescales, which are shown to exhibit features in the Raman spectra at the current experimental limit of resolvability. In this paper we have concentrated on the methodology, a fuller description of the structure of Phase IV hydrogen is given in a previous paper
description: EHPRG conference 2013, High Pressure Research: Volume 34, Issue 2, 2014
Η νομοτυπική μορφή του εγκλήματος της απιστίας (390 ΠΚ)
Creators: name: Πράπας, Δημήτριος Βασιλείου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2023
Subjects: Απιστία
Οικονομικό έγκλημα
Αποκαταστατική δικαιοσύνη
Infidelity
Financial Crime
Restorative justice

description: Η παρούσα διπλωματική εργασία εστιάζει στην ερμηνεία του εγκλήματος της απιστίας του άρθρου 390 του νέου Ποινικού Κώδικα. Ειδικότερα θα αναλυθούν: 1) Τα απαιτούμενα στοιχεία για την πλήρωση της αντικειμενικής και υποκειμενικής υπόστασης του αδικήματος αυτού, 2) Ζητήματα απόπειρας, συμμετοχής και συρροής αναφορικά με το έγκλημα αυτό ενώ, τέλος, γίνεται ξεχωριστή αναφορά στους θεσμούς αποκαταστατικής δικαιοσύνης τόσο του Ποινικού Κώδικα όσο και του Κώδικα Ποινικής Δικονομίας, χωρίς να λείψουν τόσο οι θέσεις της νομολογίας, συχνά αντικρουόμενες, όσο και οι προσωπικές θέσεις του γράφοντος, όποτε κρίθηκε επιτακτικό.
description: The main objective of this thesis is the interpretation of the crime of infidelity under the article 390 of the new Penal Code. In particular, it will be analyzed: 1) The elements needed for the for the fulfillment of the actus reus and mens rea of that offence, 2) Matters of importance regarding attempt, participation and confluence relating to this crime and lastly, a separate reference is made for the restorative justice ordinances of the Penal Code and the Code of Criminal Procedure, without missing the positions of the case law, frequently contradictory, and the personal views of the author, whenever this was adjudged imperative.
Contribution of Collective Excitations to Third Harmonic Generation in Multiband Superconductors: the case of MgB$_2$
Creators: name: Fiore, Jacopo
name: Udina, Mattia
name: Marciani, Marco
name: Seibold, Goetz
name: Benfatto, Lara
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Multiband superconductors can host collective excitations with marked differences with respect to their single-band counterpart. We first study the spectrum of collective amplitude fluctuations in a clean two-bands superconductor, showing that the spectral weight of the Higgs mode rapidly deviates from the naive extension of the single band case as the interband coupling is turned on. These results are then used to critically analyze the non-linear optical response in MgB$_2$, providing an explanation for the apparently contradictory results of recent experiments, pointing towards a selective relevance either of the Leggett mode or of the amplitude fluctuations at twice the lower gap. By using exact numerical simulations and realistic estimate of disorder we compute the relative contribution of the quasiparticle, amplitude and phase fluctuations to the non-linear optical response. We show that at low pumping frequency only the resonance at twice the smaller gap emerges, as due to the BCS response, while the Leggett mode dominates only in a narrow range of higher pumping frequencies matching its low-temperature value. Our findings provide a fresh perspective on the potential of non-linear THz spectroscopy to detect collective modes in other multiband systems, as e.g. iron-based superconductors.
Bayesian gamma frailty models for survival data with semi-competing risks and treatment switching
Creators: name: Chen, Qingxia
name: Zeng, Donglin
name: Zhang, Yuanye
name: Ibrahim, Joseph G.
name: Chen, Ming-Hui
name: Pan, Zhiying
name: Xue, Xiaodong
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Motivated from a colorectal cancer study, we propose a class of frailty semi-competing risks survival models to account for the dependence between disease progression time, survival time, and treatment switching. Properties of the proposed models are examined and an efficient Gibbs sampling algorithm using the collapsed Gibbs technique is developed. A Bayesian procedure for assessing the treatment effect is also proposed. The Deviance Information Criterion (DIC) with an appropriate deviance function and Logarithm of the Pseudomarginal Likelihood (LPML) are constructed for model comparison. A simulation study is conducted to examine the empirical performance of DIC and LPML and as well as the posterior estimates. The proposed method is further applied to analyze data from a colorectal cancer study.
Dynamical String Tension in String Theory with Spacetime Weyl Invariance
Creators: name: Bars, Itzhak
name: Steinhardt, Paul
name: Turok, Neil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The fundamental string length, which is an essential part of string theory, explicitly breaks scale invariance. However, in field theory we demonstrated recently that the gravitational constant, which is directly related to the string length, can be promoted to a dynamical field if the standard model coupled to gravity (SM+GR) is lifted to a locally scale (Weyl) invariant theory. The higher gauge symmetry reveals previously unknown field patches whose inclusion turn the classically conformally invariant SM+GR into a geodesically complete theory with new cosmological and possibly further physical consequences. In this paper this concept is extended to string theory by showing how it can be Weyl lifted with a local scale symmetry acting on target space background fields. In this process the string tension (fundamental string length) is promoted to a dynamical field, in agreement with the parallel developments in field theory. We then propose a string theory in a geodesically complete cosmological stringy background which suggests previously unimagined directions in the stringy exploration of the very early universe.
description: 31 pages, 2 figures, minor typo corrections in version 2
Entanglement Witnessing for Lattice Gauge Theories
Creators: name: Panizza, Veronica
name: de Almeida, Ricardo Costa
name: Hauke, Philipp
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Entanglement is assuming a central role in modern quantum many-body physics. Yet, for lattice gauge theories its certification remains extremely challenging. A key difficulty stems from the local gauge constraints underlying the gauge theory, which separate the full Hilbert space into a direct sum of subspaces characterized by different superselection rules. In this work, we develop the theoretical framework of entanglement witnessing for lattice gauge theories that takes this subtlety into account. We illustrate the concept at the example of a $\mathrm{U}(1)$ lattice gauge theory in 2+1 dimensions, without and with dynamical fermionic matter. As this framework circumvents costly state tomography, it opens the door to resource-efficient certification of entanglement in theoretical studies as well as in laboratory quantum simulations of gauge theories.
description: 17+8 pages (single column), 4+2 figures; added references
Memoria e avanguardia. Intervista a Yervant Gianikian e Angela Ricci Lucchi (1996). Con una nota al film Lo specchio di Diana
Creators: name: Fornara, Bruno;Perfetti, Filippo
Publisher: name: La Rivista di Engramma
Year: 2023
Subjects: Yervant Gianikian
Angela Ricci Lucchi
Lo specchio di Diana
Istituto Luce
Cineforum

description: The subject of this contribution is Lo specchio di Diana (Diana’s Looking Glass, 1996), a film by Yervant Gianikian and Angela Ricci Lucchi, as a possible useful tool for studying the story of the recovery and musealisation of the Nemi ships. It is also an in-depth study of the film itself and the work of its authors. With this purpose, it is divided into three parts: the re-edition of the interview with the two authors made for the magazine "Cineforum" by Bruno Fornara; followed by a commentary note including some comments on the film written by the two filmmakers and already published; finally, a thematic bibliography dedicated to Lo specchio di Diana.
Survival analysis with incomplete genetic data
Creators: name: Lin, D. Y.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Genetic data are now collected frequently in clinical studies and epidemiological cohort studies. For a large study, it may be prohibitively expensive to genotype all study subjects, especially with the next-generation sequencing technology. Two-phase sampling, such as case-cohort and nested case-control sampling, is cost-effective in such settings but entails considerable analysis challenges, especially if efficient estimators are desired. A different type of missing data arises when the investigators are interested in the haplotypes or the genetic markers that are not on the genotyping platform used for the current study. Valid and efficient analysis of such missing data is also interesting and challenging. This article provides an overview of these issues and outlines some directions for future research.
Quantifying the average of the time-varying hazard ratio via a class of transformations
Creators: name: Xue, Xiaodong
name: Pan, Zhiying
name: Ibrahim, Joseph G.
name: Chen, Qingxia
name: Zeng, Donglin
name: Chen, Ming-Hui
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: The hazard ratio derived from the Cox model is a commonly used summary statistic to quantify a treatment effect with a time-to-event outcome. The proportional hazards assumption of the Cox model, however, is frequently violated in practice and many alternative models have been proposed in the statistical literature. Unfortunately, the regression coefficients obtained from different models are often not directly comparable. To overcome this problem, we propose a family of weighted hazard ratio measures that are based on the marginal survival curves or marginal hazard functions, and can be estimated using readily available output from various modeling approaches. The proposed transformation family includes the transformations considered by [18] as special cases. In addition, we propose a novel estimate of the weighted hazard ratio based on the maximum departure from the null hypothesis within the transformation family, and develop a Kolmogorov–Smirnov type of test statistic based on this estimate. Simulation studies show that when the hazard functions of two groups either converge or diverge, this new estimate yields a more powerful test than tests based on the individual transformations recommended in [18], with a similar magnitude of power loss when the hazards cross. The proposed estimates and test statistics are applied to a colorectal cancer clinical trial.
Topological analysis of chaotic solution of three-element memristive circuit
Creators: name: Ginoux, Jean-Marc
name: Letellier, Christophe
name: Chua, Leon L. O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The simplest electronic circuit with a memristor was recently proposed. Chaotic attractors solution to this memristive circuit are topologically characterized and compared to Rossler-like attractors.
Macrobrachium borellii Hepatopancreas Contains a Mitochondrial Glycerol-3-Phosphate Acyltransferase Which Initiates Triacylglycerol Biosynthesis
Creators: name: Coleman, R. A.
name: Garcia, C. F.
name: Gonzalez-Baro, M. R.
name: Cattaneo, E. R.
name: Pellon-Maison, M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Mammals express four isoforms of glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase (GPAT). The mitochondrial isoform GPAT1 may have been the acyltransferase that appeared first in evolution. The hepatopancreas of the crustacean Macrobrachium borellii has a high capacity for triacylglycerol (TAG) biosynthesis and storage. In order to understand the mechanism of glycerolipid biosynthesis in M. borellii, we investigated its hepatopancreas GPAT activity. In hepatopancreas mitochondria, we identified a GPAT activity with characteristics similar to those of mammalian GPAT1. The activity was resistant to inactivation by SH-reactive N-ethylmaleimide, it was activated by polymyxin-B, and its preferred substrate was palmitoyl-CoA. The reaction products were similar to those of mammalian GPAT1. A 70-kDa protein band immunoreacted with an anti-rat liver GPAT1 antibody. Surprisingly, we did not detect high GPAT specific activity in hepato-pancreas microsomes. GPAT activity in microsomes was consistent with mitochondrial contamination, and its properties were similar to those of the mitochondrial activity. In microsomes, TAG synthesis was not dependent on the presence of glycerol-3 phosphate as a substrate, and the addition of monoacylglycerol as a substrate increased TAG synthesis 2-fold. We conclude that in M. borellii the de novo triacylglycerol biosynthetic pathway can be completed in the mitochondria. In contrast, TAG synthesis in the ER may function via the monoacylglycerol pathway.
PPARα Activation Induces N ε-Lys-Acetylation of Rat Liver Peroxisomal Multifunctional Enzyme Type 1
Creators: name: Contreras, Miguel A.
name: Singh, Inderjit
name: Alzate, Oscar
name: Singh, Avtar K.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Peroxisomes are ubiquitous subcellular organelles that participate in metabolic and disease processes, with few of its proteins undergoing posttranslational modifications. As the role of lysine-acetylation has expanded into the cellular intermediary metabolism, we used a combination of differential centrifugation, organelle isolation by linear density gradient centrifugation, western blot analysis, and peptide fingerprinting and amino acid sequencing by mass spectrometry to investigate protein acetylation in control and ciprofibrate-treated rat liver peroxisomes. Organelle protein samples isolated by density gradient centrifugation from PPARα-agonist treated rat liver screened with an anti-Nε-acetyl lysine antibody revealed a single protein band of 75 kDa. Immunoprecipitation with this antibody resulted in the precipitation of a protein from the protein pool of ciprofibrate-induced peroxisomes, but not from the protein pool of non-induced peroxisomes. Peptide mass fingerprinting analysis identified the protein as the peroxisomal multifunctional enzyme type 1. In addition, mass spectrometry-based amino acid sequencing resulted in the identification of unique peptides containing 4 acetylated-Lys residues (K155, K173, K190, and K583). This is the first report that demonstrates posttranslational acetylation of a peroxisomal enzyme in PPARα-dependent proliferation of peroxisomes in rat liver.
Probing Quintessence using BAO imprint on the cross-correlation of weak lensing and post-reionization HI 21 cm signal
Creators: name: Dash, Chandrachud B. V.
name: Sarkar, Tapomoy Guha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we investigate the possibility of constraining a thawing Quintessence scalar field model for dark energy. We propose using the imprint of baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) on the cross-correlation of post-reionization 21-cm signal and galaxy weak lensing convergence field to tomographically measure the angular diameter distance $D_A(z)$ and the Hubble parameter $H(z)$. The projected errors in these quantities are then used to constrain the Quintessence model parameters. We find that independent $600$hrs radio interferometric observation at four observing frequencies $916 $MHz, $650$ MHz, $520$ MHz and $430 $MHz with a SKA-1-Mid like radio telescope in cross-correlation with a deep weak lensing survey covering half the sky may measure the binned $D_A$ and $H$ at a few percent level of sensitivity. The Monte Carlo analysis for a power law thawing Quintessence model gives the $1-σ$ marginalized bounds on the initial slope $λ_i$,dark energy density parameter $Ω_{ϕ0}$ and the shape of the potential $Γ$ at 8.63%, 10.08% and 9.75% respectively. The constraints improve to 7.66%, 4.39% and 5.86% respectively when a joint analysis with SN and other probes is performed.
description: 10 Pages, 7 figures
How dietary arachidonic- and docosahexaenoic- acid rich oils differentially affect the murine hepatic transcriptome
Creators: name: Hoff, Bruce
name: Berger, Alvin
name: Roberts, Matthew A
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2006

description: IntroductionHerein, we expand our previous work on the effects of long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA) on the murine hepatic transcriptome using novel statistical and bioinformatic approaches for evaluating microarray data. The analyses focuses on key differences in the transcriptomic response that will influence metabolism following consumption of FUNG (rich in 20:4n6), FISH (rich in 20:5n3, 22:5n3, and 22:6n3) and COMB, the combination of the two.ResultsUsing a variance-stabilized F-statistic, 371 probe sets (out of 13 K probe sets in the Affymetrix Mu11K chip set) were changed by dietary treatment (P < 0.001). Relative to other groups, COMB had unique affects on murine hepatic transcripts involved in cytoskeletal and carbohydrate metabolism; whereas FUNG affected amino acid metabolism via CTNB1 signaling. All three diets affected transcripts linked to apoptosis and cell proliferation, with evidence FISH may have increased apoptosis and decreased cell proliferation via various transcription factors, kinases, and phosphatases. The three diets affected lipid transport, lipoprotein metabolism, and bile acid metabolism through diverse pathways. Relative to other groups, FISH activated cyps that form hydroxylated fatty acids known to affect vascular tone and ion channel activity. FA synthesis and delta 9 desaturation were down regulated by COMB relative to other groups, implying that a FA mixture of 20:4n6, 20:5n3, and 22:6n3 is most effective at down regulating synthesis, via INS1, SREBP, PPAR alpha, and TNF signaling. Heme synthesis and the utilization of heme for hemoglobin production were likely affected by FUNG and FISH. Finally, relative to other groups, FISH increased numerous transcripts linked to combating oxidative such as peroxidases, an aldehyde dehydrogenase, and heat shock proteins, consistent with the major LC-PUFA in FISH (20:5n3, 22:5n3, 22:6n3) being more oxidizable than the major fatty acids in FUNG (20:4n6).ConclusionDistinct transcriptomic, signaling cascades, and predicted affects on murine liver metabolism have been elucidated for 20:4n6-rich dietary oils, 22:6n3-rich oils, and a surprisingly distinct set of genes were affected by the combination of the two. Our results emphasize that the balance of dietary n6 and n3 LC-PUFA provided for infants and in nutritional and neutraceutical applications could have profoundly different affects on metabolism and cell signaling, beyond that previously recognized.
Non-thermal influence of a weak microwave on nerve fiber activity
Creators: name: Shneider, M. N.
name: Pekker, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper presents a short selective review of the non-thermal weak microwave field impact on a nerve fiber. The published results of recent experiments are reviewed and analyzed. The theory of the authors is presented, according to which there are strongly pronounced resonances in the range of about 30-300 GHz associated with the excitation of ultrasonic vibrations in the membrane as a result of interactions with the microwave radiation. These forced vibrations create acoustic pressure, which may lead to the redistribution of the protein transmembrane channels, thus changing the threshold of the action potential excitation in the axons of the neural network. The problem of surface charge on the bilayer lipid membrane of the nerve fiber is discussed. Various experiments for observing the effects considered are also discussed.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1309.5940
Δυναμική αναδιαμόρφωση συστημάτων βασισμένων σε συνιστώσες που περιγράφονται με προτασιακή λογική διαμόρφωσης
Creators: name: Σούλα, Μελπομένη Ανδρέα
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2023
Subjects: Δυναμική αναδιαμόρφωση συστημάτων βασισμένων σε συνιστώσες
Αρχιτεκτονικές
Προτασιακή λογική διαμόρφωσης
Dynamic reconfigurable component-based systems
Architectures
Propositional Configuration Logic

description: Σε έναν συνεχώς μεταβαλλόμενο κόσμο, τα σύγχρονα συστήματα πρέπει να εξελίσσονται διαρκώς για να αντιμετωπίζουν απρόβλεπτες συνθήκες. Το μοντέλο "DRA" (Dynamic Reconfigurable Architecture) έχει σχεδιαστεί για τη μοντελοποίηση αναδιαμορφώσιμων δυναμικών συστημάτων, των οποίων οι αρχιτεκτονικές περιγράφονται από τύπους της προτασιακής λογικής διαμόρφωσης (Propositional Configuration Logic ή PCL εν συντομία), η οποία περιγράφει τις αρχιτεκτονικές στατικών συστημάτων βασισμένων σε συνιστώσες. Στο μοντέλο αυτό η αναδιαμόρφωση ενός δυναμικού συστήματος περιγράφεται από μία ανάθεση σ, η οποία ενεργοποιεί και απενεργοποιεί τις αλληλεπιδράσεις μεταξύ των στοιχείων του, κάθε στιγμή της λειτουργίας του, μαζί με τη χρήση της PCL. Η έρευνά μας επικεντρώνεται στον προσδιορισμό του κατά πόσον είναι δυνατό να αποφασιστεί εάν μία τέτοια άπειρη ανάθεση εξασφαλίζει ότι το σύστημα διατηρεί τελικά τα κύρια χαρακτηριστικά του, δηλαδή εάν κάθε στιγμή μετά από κάποιο χρονικό σημείο, ακολουθεί την αρχιτεκτονική στην οποία βασίζεται, η οποία περιγράφεται από κάποιον PCL τύπο. Επιπλέον, παρέχονται μερικά παραδείγματα αναδιαμορφώσιμων συστημάτων που στηρίζονται σε καθιερωμένες αρχιτεκτονικές και αναφέρονται ορισμένα θεωρητικά αποτελέσματα σχετικά με τις ισοδυναμίες μεταξύ των δυναμικών αναδιαμορφώσιμων συστημάτων και της (μερικής) αξιοπιστίας τους.
description: In an ever-changing world, contemporary systems must undergo constant evolution to cope with unpredictable circumstances and dynamically modify their actions in response to changing situations. The “DRA” (Dynamic Reconfigurable Architecture) model has been designed for modelling reconfigurable dynamic systems whose architectures are described by formulas of Propositional Configuration Logics (PCL) which is developed to describe the static architecture of component-based systems. This model depicts how component instances in a component-based system are activated and deactivated based on the system’s function. To accomplish this, an assignment mapping is employed to enable the activation and deactivation of interactions between component instances, along with the use of PCL. Our investigation focuses on determining whether the interaction of such a system guarantees the correct implementation of the architecture in the long run, which is described by a PCL formula. Additionally, it is provided several examples of reconfigurable systems founded on established architectures, and state some theoretical results about the equivalences between dynamic reconfigurable systems and their (partially) trustworthiness.
Outcomes in hepatitis C virus–infected recipients of living donor vs. deceased donor liver transplantation
Creators: name: Brown, Robert S.
name: Shiffman, Mitchell L.
name: Reddy, K. Rajender
name: Pruett, Timothy L.
name: Terrault, Norah A.
name: Seeff, Leonard B.
name: Kulik, Laura M.
name: Everson, Gregory T.
name: Fair, Jeffrey H.
name: Saab, Sammy
name: Lok, Anna S.F.
name: Tong, Lan
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: In this retrospective study of hepatitis C virus (HCV)–infected transplant recipients in the 9-center Adult to Adult Living Donor Liver Transplantation Cohort Study, graft and patient survival and the development of advanced fibrosis were compared among 181 living donor liver transplant (LDLT) recipients and 94 deceased donor liver transplant (DDLT) recipients. Overall 3-year graft and patient survival were 68% and 74% in LDLT, and 80% and 82% in DDLT, respectively. Graft survival, but not patient survival, was significantly lower for LDLT compared to DDLT (P = 0.04 and P = 0.20, respectively). Further analyses demonstrated lower graft and patient survival among the first 20 LDLT cases at each center (LDLT ≤20) compared to later cases (LDLT > 20; P = 0.002 and P = 0.002, respectively) and DDLT recipients (P < 0.001 and P = 0.008, respectively). Graft and patient survival in LDLT >20 and DDLT were not significantly different (P = 0.66 and P = 0.74, respectively). Overall, 3-year graft survival for DDLT, LDLT >20, and LDLT ≤20 were 80%, 79% and 55%, with similar results conditional on survival to 90 days (84%, 87% and 68%, respectively). Predictors of graft loss beyond 90 days included LDLT ≤20 vs. DDLT (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.1, P = 0.04), pretransplant hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) (HR = 2.21, P = 0.03) and model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) at transplantation (HR = 1.24, P = 0.04). In conclusion, 3-year graft and patient survival in HCV-infected recipients of DDLT and LDLT >20 were not significantly different. Important predictors of graft loss in HCV-infected patients were limited LDLT experience, pretransplant HCC, and higher MELD at transplantation.
Plasmon decay to a neutrino pair via neutrino electromagnetic moments in a strongly magnetized medium
Creators: name: Borisov, A. V.
name: Sizin, P. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the neutrino luminosity of a degenerate electron gas in a strong magnetic field via plasmon decay to a neutrino pair due to neutrino electromagnetic moments and obtain the relative upper bounds on the effective neutrino magnetic moment.
description: 3 pages, submitted to the Proceedings of the 16th Lomonosov Conference on Elementary Particle Physics, Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia, August 2013
Quasinormal modes and Regge poles of the canonical acoustic hole
Creators: name: Dolan, Sam R.
name: Oliveira, Leandro A.
name: Crispino, Luis C. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the quasinormal mode frequencies and Regge poles of the canonical acoustic hole (a black hole analogue), using three methods. First, we show how damped oscillations arise by evolving generic perturbations in the time domain using a simple finite-difference scheme. We use our results to estimate the fundamental QN frequencies of the low multipolar modes $l=1, 2, \ldots$. Next, we apply an asymptotic method to obtain an expansion for the frequency in inverse powers of $l+1/2$ for low overtones. We test the expansion by comparing against our time-domain results, and (existing) WKB results. The expansion method is then extended to locate the Regge poles. Finally, to check the expansion of Regge poles we compute the spectrum numerically by direct integration in the frequency domain. We give a geometric interpretation of our results and comment on experimental verification.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures, 3 tables. To match published version (2010)
On-chip generation and demultiplexing of quantum correlated photons using a silicon-silica monolithic photonic integration platform
Creators: name: Matsuda, Nobuyuki
name: Karkus, Peter
name: Nishi, Hidetaka
name: Tsuchizawa, Tai
name: Munro, William J.
name: Takesue, Hiroki
name: Yamada, Koji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate the generation and demultiplexing of quantum correlated photons on a monolithic photonic chip composed of silicon and silica-based waveguides. Photon pairs generated in a nonlinear silicon waveguide are successfully separated into two optical channels of an arrayed-waveguide grating fabricated on a silica-based waveguide platform.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
Relative contribution of direct and indirect allorecognition in developing tolerance after liver transplantation
Creators: name: Papworth, Glenn D.
name: Bailey, Robert J.
name: Tomiyama, Koji
name: Lemoine, Jerome L.
name: Demetris, Anthony J.
name: Ikeda, Atsushi
name: Murase, Noriko
name: Toyokawa, Hideyoshi
name: Kaizu, Takashi
name: Huang, Leaf
name: Nalesnik, Michael A.
name: Nakao, Atsunori
name: Starzl, Thomas E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: The interaction of donor passenger leukocytes and host leukocytes in recipient secondary lymphoid tissues during the early posttransplantation period is crucial in directing host immune reactions toward allograft rejection or acceptance. Responsible T cell clones could be activated through the direct and indirect pathways of allorecognition. We examined the role of the indirect pathway in liver transplantation (LT) tolerance by depleting host antigen-presenting cells (APC) with phagocytic activity [e.g., cluster domain (CD)68+/CD163+ macrophages, CD11c+ dendritic cells (DC)] using liposome-encapsulating clodronate (LP-CL). After Lewis rat cell or liver graft transplantation, Brown Norway (BN) rat recipients pretreated with LP-CL showed a significantly reduced type 1 helper T cell cytokine up-regulation than control-LP-treated recipients. In the LT model, LP-CL treatment and host APC depletion abrogated hepatic tolerance; Lewis liver grafts in LP-CL-treated-BN recipients developed mild allograft rejection, failed to maintain donor major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II+ leukocytes, and developed chronic rejection in challenged donor heart allografts, while control-LP-treated BN recipients maintained tolerance status and donor MHC class II+ hepatic leukocytes. Furthermore, in the BN to Lewis LT model, LP-CL recipient treatment abrogated spontaneous hepatic allograft acceptance, and graft survival rate was reduced to 43% from 100% in the control-LP group. In conclusion, the study suggests that host cells with phagocytic activity could play significant roles in developing LT tolerance.
Risk factors and impact of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in candidates for liver transplantation
Creators: name: Kawut, Steven M.
name: Fallon, Michael B.
name: Brown, Robert S.
name: Roberts, Kari
name: Al-Naamani, Nadine
name: Trotter, James
name: Rybak, Debbie
name: Reinen, Jenna
name: Nielsen, Carrie
name: Faulk, Dorothy
name: Zacks, Steven
name: Stadheim, Linda
name: Krowka, Michael J.
name: Perry, Ted
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) may cause significant symptoms and have an impact on survival. Smoking is an important risk factor for COPD and is common in candidates for liver transplantation; however, the risk factors for and outcomes of COPD in this population are unknown. We performed a prospective cohort study of 373 patients being evaluated for liver transplantation at 7 academic centers in the United States. COPD was characterized by expiratory airflow obstruction and defined as follows: prebronchodilator forced expiratory volume in 1 second/forced vital capacity < 0.70. Patients completed the Liver Disease Quality of Life Questionnaire 1.0, which included the Short Form-36. The mean age of the study sample was 53 ± 9 years, and 234 (63%) were male. Sixty-seven patients (18%, 95% confidence interval 14%–22%) had COPD, and 224 (60%) had a history of smoking. Eighty percent of patients with airflow obstruction did not previously carry a diagnosis of COPD, and 27% were still actively smoking. Older age and any smoking (odds ratio = 3.74, 95% confidence interval 1.94–7.23, P < 0.001) were independent risk factors for COPD. Patients with COPD had worse New York Heart Association functional class and lower physical component summary scores on the 36-Item Short Form but had short-term survival similar to that of patients without COPD. In conclusion, COPD is common and often undiagnosed in candidates for liver transplantation. Older age and smoking are significant risk factors of COPD, which has adverse consequences on functional status and quality of life in these patients.
Inhibition of transforming growth factor-β/Smad signaling improves regeneration of small-for-size rat liver grafts
Creators: name: Lemasters, John J.
name: Rehman, Hasibur
name: Parsons, Christopher J.
name: Tsukada, Shigeki
name: Zhong, Zhi
name: Rippe, Richard A.
name: Brenner, David A.
name: Theruvath, Tom P.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) is a potent inhibitor of cell proliferation. This study investigated whether overexpression of Smad7, which blocks TGF-β–induced activation of Smad2/3, could prevent the suppression of regeneration of small-for-size liver grafts. Rats were intravenously given adenoviruses (2 × 109 pfu/rat) carrying the LacZ gene or the Smad7 gene (Ad-Smad7) 3 days prior to liver harvesting. Half-size livers were implanted into recipients of the same weight or twice the donor weight, and this resulted in half-size or quarter-size liver grafts. Cell proliferation, detected by 5-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation, increased to 23% in half-size grafts at 38 hours after implantation but was only 4% in quarter-size grafts. Graft weight did not increase after 38 hours in full-size and quarter-size grafts but increased 28% in half-size grafts. Ad-Smad7 restored BrdU labeling to 32%, and the graft weight increased to 43% in quarter-size grafts. Serum total bilirubin increased approximately 30-fold after the implantation of quarter-size grafts. Ad-Smad7 blunted hyperbilirubinemia by 80%. The basal hepatic TGF-β1 level was 7 ng/g of liver wet weight, and this increased to 30 ng/g at 1.5 hours after the transplantation of full-size grafts but decreased rapidly afterwards. After the transplantation of quarter-size grafts, however, TGF-β1 progressively increased to 159 ng/g in 38 hours. Nuclear phosphorylated Smad2/3 was barely detectable, and p21Cip1 expression was negligible in full-size grafts but increased markedly in quarter-size grafts. Ad-Smad7 blocked Smad2/3 activation and expression of p21Cip1. Together, these data show that TGF-β is responsible, at least in part, for the defective liver regeneration in small-for-size grafts by activating the Smad signaling pathway.
Electron transport in quantum channels with spin-orbit interaction: Effects of the sign of the Rashba coupling and applications to nanowires
Creators: name: Gogin, Leonid
name: Rossi, Fausto
name: Dolcini, Fabrizio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the effects of the sign of the Rashba spin-orbit coupling (RSOC) on electron transmission through a single-channel Nanowire (NW) in the quantum coherent regime. We show that, while for a finite length NW with homogeneous RSOC contacted to two electrodes the sign of its RSOC does not affect electron transport, the situation can be quite different in the presence of an inhomogeneous RSOC and a magnetic field applied along the NW axis. By analyzing transport across an interface between two regions of different RSOC we find that, if the two regions have equal RSOC signs, the transmission within the magnetic gap energy range is almost perfect, regardless of the ratio of the spin-orbit energies to the Zeeman energy. In contrast, when the two regions have opposite RSOC signs and are Rashba-dominated, the transmission gets suppressed. Furthermore, we discuss the implementation on a realistic NW setup where two RSOC regions are realized with suitably coupled gates separated by a finite distance. We find that the low-temperature NW conductance exhibits a crossover from a short distance behavior that strongly depends on the relative RSOC sign of the two regions to a large distance oscillatory behavior that is independent of such relative sign. We are thus able to identify the conditions where the NW conductance mainly depends on the sign of the RSOC and the ones where only the RSOC magnitude matters.
description: 17 pages, 10 figures
Impact of nighttime and weekend liver transplants on graft and patient outcomes
Creators: name: Dellon, Evan S.
name: Gerber, David A.
name: Orman, Eric S.
name: Barritt, A. Sidney
name: Hayashi, Paul H.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Safety concerns have been raised about nocturnal and weekend patient care, but it is unknown if these issues effect liver transplantation. We sought to identify the impact of nighttime and weekend liver transplants on graft and patient survival. We utilized the United Network of Organ Sharing database to review adult liver transplants from 1987 to 2010. Comparisons were made between nighttime and daytime operations, and weekday and weekend operations. Cox proportional hazard ratios were determined at 30, 90 and 365 days post-transplant after controlling for relevant factors. 94,768 transplants were included in the analysis. Patient survival at 30, 90 and 365 days for nighttime operations was 96%, 93% and 86%. Patient survival at 30, 90 and 365 days for weekend operations was 95%, 92% and 86%. This was no different from daytime or weekday operations, respectively. Graft failure was unchanged at 30 and 90 days for weekend transplants, but was modestly increased at 365 days (HR: 1.05 (1.01-1.11). Graft survival was unaffected by nighttime transplant. Nighttime and weekend operations for liver transplantation do not impact patient or graft survival, testifying to patient safety measures in place.
On the Classical Limit of the Schrödinger Equation
Creators: name: Bardos, Claude
name: Golse, François
name: Markowich, Peter
name: Paul, Thierry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Primary: 35Q41, 81Q20, Secondary: 35S30, 53D12

description: This paper provides an elementary proof of the classical limit of the Schrödinger equation with WKB type initial data and over arbitrary long finite time intervals. We use only the stationary phase method and the Laptev-Sigal simple and elegant construction of a parametrix for Schrödinger type equations [A. Laptev, I. Sigal, Review of Math. Phys. 12 (2000), 749-766]. We also explain in detail how the phase shifts across caustics obtained when using the Laptev-Sigal parametrix are related to the Maslov index.
description: 21 pages
Declining liver utilization for transplantation in the United States and the impact of donation after cardiac death
Creators: name: Barritt, A. Sidney
name: Wheeler, Stephanie B.
name: Hayashi, Paul H.
name: Orman, Eric S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Worsening donor liver quality resulting in decreased organ utilization may be contributing to the recent decline in liver transplants nationally. We sought to examine trends in donor liver utilization and the relationship between donor characteristics and non-use. We used the United Network for Organ Sharing database to review all deceased adult organ donors in the United States who had at least one solid organ transplanted into a recipient. Trends in donor characteristics were examined. Multivariate logistic regression was used to evaluate the association between donor characteristics and liver non-use between 2004 and 2010. Population attributable risk proportions were determined for donor factors associated with non-use. 107,259 organ donors were analyzed. The number of unused livers decreased steadily from 1,958 (66% of donors) in 1988 to 841 (15%) in 2004, but then gradually increased to 1,345 (21%) in 2010. Donor age, body mass index (BMI), and the prevalence of diabetes and donation after cardiac death (DCD) all increased over time, and all four were independently associated with liver non-use. DCD had the highest adjusted odds ratio (OR) for non-use, and the odds increased nearly four-fold between 2004 (OR 5.53; 95% CI, 4.57–6.70) and 2010 (OR 21.31; 95% CI, 18.30–24.81). The proportion of non-use attributable to DCD increased from 9% in 2004 to 28% in 2010. The proportion of donor livers not used has increased since 2004. Older donor age, greater BMI, diabetes, and DCD are all independently associated with non-use and are on the rise nationally. Current trends may lead to significant declines in liver transplant availability.
Origin of clinopyroxene megacrysts in volcanic rocks from the North China Craton: a comparison study with megacrysts worldwide
Creators: name: Liu, Ya-Dong
name: Ying, Ji-Feng
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Clinopyroxene megacrysts in volcanic rocks can provide substantial information on the evolution of the magmatic system at depth. Although considerable attention has been paid to these crystals, their origin is not yet completely resolved. The clinopyroxene megacrysts worldwide can be divided into two major types in general: the green Cr-diopside type and the black Al-augite type. There is a consensus view that the Cr-diopside megacrysts are mantle xenocrysts, whereas two contrasting opinions exist regarding the origin of the black Al-augite megacrysts. One favours a cognate origin, viewing them as crystallization products of the host magmas under high-pressure; while the other argues that they are xenocrysts crystallized from previous alkali basalts or fragments of mantle peridotites, pyroxenites or pegmatite veins. A review study on the clinopyroxene megacrysts in Meso-Cenozoic volcanic rocks from the North China Craton (NCC) and their comparison with those worldwide provides new constraints on their origin, namely, the Cr-diopside megacrysts, as previously thought, are all xenocrysts, representing disaggregated clinopyroxene crystals from clinopyroxene-rich mantle rocks. Contrary to the formerly proposed cognate origin, the Al-augite megacrysts are also xenocrysts, having no direct genetic link to their host rocks. They crystallized from melts that have formed earlier than the host magmas, and probably accumulated in a magma chamber or occurred as sheets or veins filling a fracture network surrounding a magma chamber in the upper mantle. During the subsequent eruption of the host lavas, these previously formed crystals were incorporated into the magma and were brought up to the surface.
Random 2D nanowire networks: Finite-size effect and the effect of busbar/nanowire contact resistance on their electrical conductivity
Creators: name: Tarasevich, Yuri Yu.
name: Eserkepov, Andrei V.
name: Vodolazskaya, Irina V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have studied the resistance of two-dimensional random percolating networks of zero-width metallic nanowires (rings or sticks). We toke into account the nanowire resistance per unit length, the junction (nanowire/nanowire contact) resistance, and the busbar/nanowire contact resistance. Using a mean-field approximation (MFA), we derived the total resistance of the nanoring-based networks as a function of their geometrical and physical parameters. We have proposed a way of accounting for the contribution of the busbar/nanowire contact resistance toward the network resistance. The MFA predictions have been confirmed by our Monte Carlo (MC) numerical simulations. Our study evidenced that the busbar/nanowire contact resistance has a significant effect on the electrical conductivity when the junction resistance dominates over wire resistance.
description: 10 pages, 11 figures, 1 table, 33 references
Interferon γ Stimulates Accumulation of Gas Phase Nitric Oxide in Differentiated Cultures of Normal and Cystic Fibrosis Airway Epithelial Cells
Creators: name: Stewart, Daniel
name: Ostrowski, Lawrence E.
name: Hazucha, Milan
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Exhaled nitric oxide (NO) levels have been reported to be lower in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) than in controls; however the mechanism(s) responsible and the effect on pathogenesis are unclear. The objective of these studies was to determine if the low levels of gas phase NO (gNO) could be reproduced in well-differentiated air–liquid interface (ALI) cultures of normal and CF cells.