cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Learning Selectively Conditioned Forest Structures with Applications to DNBs and Classification
Creators: name: Ziebart, Brian D.
name: Anind K. Dey
name: J. Andrew  Bagnell
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: 80101 Adaptive Agents and Intelligent Robotics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Dealing with uncertainty in Bayesian Net- work structures using maximum a posteriori (MAP) estimation or Bayesian Model Averaging (BMA) is often intractable due to the superexponential number of possible directed, acyclic graphs. When the prior is decomposable, two classes of graphs where eﬃcient learning can take place are tree- structures, and ﬁxed-orderings with limited in-degree. We show how MAP estimates and BMA for selectively conditioned forests (SCF), a combination of these two classes, can be computed eﬃciently for ordered sets of variables. We apply SCFs to temporal data to learn Dynamic Bayesian Networks having an intra-timestep forest and inter-timestep limited in-degree structure, improving model accuracy over DBNs without the combination of structures. We also apply SCFs to Bayes Net classiﬁcation to learn selective forest- augmented Na¨ıve Bayes classiﬁers. We argue that the built-in feature selection of selective augmented Bayes classiﬁers makes them preferable to similar non-selective classiﬁers based on empirical evidence.
ESIGMAHM: An Eccentric, Spinning inspiral-merger-ringdown waveform model with Higher Modes for the detection and characterization of binary black holes
Creators: name: Paul, Kaushik
name: Maurya, Akash
name: Henry, Quentin
name: Sharma, Kartikey
name: Satheesh, Pranav
name: Divyajyoti
name: Kumar, Prayush
name: Mishra, Chandra Kant
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a time-domain inspiral-merger-ringdowm (IMR) waveform model ESIGMAHM constructed within a framework we named ESIGMA for coalescing binaries of spinning black holes on moderately eccentric orbits (Huerta et al. (2018) [Phys. Rev. D 97, 024031]). We now include the effect of black hole spins on the dynamics of eccentric binaries, as well as model sub-dominant waveform harmonics emitted by them. The inspiral evolution is described by a consistent combination of latest results from post-Newtonian theory, self-force, and black hole perturbation theory. We assume that these moderately eccentric binaries radiate away most of their orbital eccentricity before merger, and seamlessly connect the eccentric inspiral with a numerical relativity based surrogate waveform model for mergers of spinning binaries on quasi-circular orbits. We validate ESIGMAHM against eccentric Numerical Relativity simulations, and also against contemporary effective-one-body and phenomenological models in the quasi-circular limit. We find that ESIGMAHM achieves match values greater than $99\%$ for quasi-circular spin-aligned binaries with mass ratios up to $8$, and above $97\%$ for non-spinning and spinning eccentric systems with small or positively aligned spins. Using IMRESIGMA, we quantify the impact of orbital eccentricity on GW signals, showing that next-generation detectors can detect eccentric sources up to $10\%$ louder than quasi-circular ones. We also show that current templated LIGO-Virgo searches will lose more than $10\%$ of optimal SNR for about $20\%$ of all eccentric sources by using only quasi-circular waveform templates. The same will result in a $25\%$ loss in detection rate for eccentric sources with mass ratios $m_1/m_2\geq 4$. Our results highlight the need for including eccentricity and higher-order modes in GW source models and searches for asymmetric eccentric BBH signals.
description: Version as accepted in Phys. Rev. D
Splitting of the Dipole and Spin-Dipole Resonances
Creators: name: Austin, Sam M.
name: Adamides, E.
name: Galonsky, A.
name: Nees, T.
name: Sterrenburg, W. A.
name: Bainum, D. E.
name: Rapaport, J.
name: Sugarbaker, E.
name: Foster, C. C.
name: Goodman, C. D.
name: Horen, D. J.
name: Goulding, C. A.
name: Greenfield, M. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cross sections for the 90,92,94Zr(p,n) reactions were measured at energies of 79.2 and 119.4 MeV. A phenomenological model was developed to describe the variation with bombarding energy of the position of the L=1 peak observed in these and other (p,n) reactions. The model yields the splitting between the giant dipole and giant spin dipole resonances. Values of these splittings are obtained for isotopes of Zr and Sn and for 208Pb.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures
Additional file 2 of Overexpression of Toll-like receptor 4 contributes to the internalization and elimination of Escherichia coli in sheep by enhancing caveolae-dependent endocytosis
Creators: name: Li, Yao
name: Zhao, Yue
name: Xu, Xueling
name: Zhang, Rui
name: Zhang, Jinlong
name: Zhang, Xiaosheng
name: Li, Yan
name: Deng, Shoulong
name: Lian, Zhengxing
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2: Figure S1. (A) Bacterial internalization was detected in transgenic (TG) and wild-type (WT) monocytes after different periods of incubation with Staphylococcus aureus (MOI = 10). (B) TLR4 expression of transgenic (TG) and wild-type (WT) monocytes before and after 30 min of S. aureus infection (MOI = 10).
Limited Angle Acousto-Electrical Tomography
Creators: name: Hubmer, Simon
name: Knudsen, Kim
name: Li, Changyou
name: Sherina, Ekaterina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65J22, 35R30, 65M32

description: This paper considers the reconstruction problem in Acousto-Electrical Tomography, i.e., the problem of estimating a spatially varying conductivity in a bounded domain from measurements of the internal power densities resulting from different prescribed boundary conditions. Particular emphasis is placed on the limited angle scenario, in which the boundary conditions are supported only on a part of the boundary. The reconstruction problem is formulated as an optimization problem in a Hilbert space setting and solved using Landweber iteration. The resulting algorithm is implemented numerically in two spatial dimensions and tested on simulated data. The results quantify the intuition that features close to the measurement boundary are stably reconstructed and features further away are less well reconstructed. Finally, the ill-posedness of the limited angle problem is quantified numerically using the singular value decomposition of the corresponding linearized problem.
description: 23 pages
Weak lensing observations of the "dark" cluster MG2016+112
Creators: name: Clowe, D.
name: Trentham, N.
name: Tonry, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the possible existence of a high-redshift (z=1) cluster of galaxies associated with the QSO lens system MG2016+112. From an ultra-deep R- and less deep V- and I-band Keck images and a K-band mosaic from UKIRT, we detect ten galaxies with colors consistent with the lensing galaxy within 225h^{-1} kpc of the z=1.01 lensing galaxy. This represents an overdensity of more than ten times the number density of galaxies with similar colors in the rest of the image. We also find a group of seven much fainter objects closely packed in a group only 27h^{-1} kpc north-west of the lensing galaxy. We perform a weak lensing analysis on faint galaxies in the R-band image and detect a mass peak of a size similar to the mass inferred from X-ray observations of the field, but located 64" northwest of the lensing galaxy. From the weak lensing data we rule out a similar sized mass peak centered on the lensing galaxy at the 2 sigma level.
description: 9 pages, 10 figures, submitted to A&A version with figure 4 at higher resolution can be downloaded from http://www.mpa-garching.mpg.de/~clowe/mg2016aa.ps.gz
On the CNOT-complexity of CNOT-PHASE circuits
Creators: name: Amy, Matthew
name: Azimzadeh, Parsiad
name: Mosca, Michele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the problem of CNOT-optimal quantum circuit synthesis over gate sets consisting of CNOT and Z-basis rotations of arbitrary angles. We show that the circuit-polynomial correspondence relates such circuits to Fourier expansions of pseudo-Boolean functions, and that for certain classes of functions this expansion uniquely determines the minimum CNOT cost of an implementation. As a corollary we prove that CNOT minimization over CNOT and phase gates is at least as hard as synthesizing a CNOT-optimal circuit computing a set of parities of its inputs. We then show that this problem is NP-complete for two restricted cases where all CNOT gates are required to have the same target, and where the circuit inputs are encoded in a larger state space. The latter case has applications to CNOT optimization over more general Clifford+T circuits. We further present an efficient heuristic algorithm for synthesizing circuits over CNOT and Z-basis rotations with small CNOT cost. Our experiments show a 23% reduction of CNOT gates on average across a suite of Clifford+T benchmark circuits, with a maximum reduction of 43%.
description: 21 pages, 5 figures, 1 table. Version 2 formally verifies the correctness of the benchmark optimizations, 4 out of 39 are left unverified due to size, Quantum Science and Technology, 2018
title: ADCO, Ordre cistercien et abbaye de Cîteaux : comptes pour l'ordre (1337-1347), comptes du boursier (1377-1402) (11 H 1160), f. 00249
Creators: name: de la Côte-d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CBMA/CG21/F.PETOT/2017
name: Petot, Frédéric
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris
subject: comptes
subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge

description: Ordre cistercien et abbaye de Cîteaux : comptes pour l'ordre (1337-1347), comptes du boursier (1377-1402), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, (11 H 1160). Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Ordre cistercien et abbaye de Cîteaux : comptes pour l'ordre (1337-1347), comptes du boursier (1377-1402), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, (11 H 1160), f. 00249, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi \[Ressource en ligne\], https:// manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843261
description: Provenance: https://www.geonames.org/3024876
description: Provenance: http://www.idref.fr/030974844/id
description: Provenance: https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12228351v
description: Provenance: abbaye de Cîteaux
Cosmological Neutrino Signatures for Grand Unification Scale Physics
Creators: name: Sigl, Guenter
name: Lee, Sangjin
name: Schramm, David N.
name: Coppi, Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Physics beyond the standard model might imply the cosmological production of particles with grand unification scale energies. Nucleons and gamma-rays from such processes are candidates for the cosmic rays observed beyond 100 EeV [10**(20) eV]. Using a new particle propagation code, we calculate the neutrino fluxes predicted by such scenarios if consistency with the observed cosmic ray flux and the universal gamma-ray background at 1-10 GeV is required. Flux levels detectable by proposed km**3 scale neutrino observatories are allowed by these constraints. Bounds on or detection of a neutrino flux above about 1 EeV would allow neutrino astronomy to probe grand unification scale physics.
description: 5 latex pages, 1 postscript figure included, uses revtex style in two column format and psfig.sty, submitted to Phys. Lett. B
Hijacked by the Project? Research Which Demands to be Done
Creators: name: Sikes, P.
Publisher: name: The School of Education and Communities, University of East London
Year: 2021

description: This paper discusses how a commitment to follow C. Wright Mills’s (1959) imperative to engage the sociological imagination ethically and critically and in such a way that ‘the personal uneasiness of individuals is focused upon explicit troubles and the indifference of publics is transformed into involvement with public issues’ (1970: 11–12) can have the effect of shaping research agendas. I tell two stories from my career about research that I didn’t so much choose to do but which, rather, seemed to choose me to do it.
A combinatorial model for the free loop fibration
Creators: name: Rivera, Manuel
name: Saneblidze, Samson
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We introduce the abstract notion of a closed necklical set in order to describe a functorial combinatorial model of the free loop fibration $ΩY\rightarrow ΛY\rightarrow Y$ over the geometric realization $Y=|X|$ of a path connected simplicial set $X.$ In particular, to any path connected simplicial set $X$ we associate a closed necklical set $\widehat{\mathbfΛ}X$ such that its geometric realization $|\widehat{\mathbfΛ}X|$, a space built out of gluing "freehedrical" and "cubical" cells, is homotopy equivalent to the free loop space $ΛY$ and the differential graded module of chains $C_*(\widehat{\mathbfΛ}X)$ generalizes the coHochschild chain complex of the chain coalgebra $C_\ast(X).$
description: Made minor revisions. To appear in Bulletin of the London Mathematical Society
B meson decay anomaly with a non-universal U(1)' extension
Creators: name: Martinez, R.
name: Ochoa, F.
name: Quimbayo, J. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose an extension of the standard model with an extra U(1)' abelian symmetry, three Higgs doublets and one Higgs singlet, where the new U(1)' charges are flavour non-universal. As a result, the model introduces an enlarger particle spectrum in the TeV scale with large new physics possibilities. The model reproduces the mixing angles and mass structures of the quarks, charged and neutral leptons. We found that the observed anomaly of the $B^{+}\rightarrow K^+ \ell \ell$ decay can be explained due to the existence of couplings with new extra fermions at the TeV scale.
description: 10 captioned figures
Learning Rough-Terrain Autonomous Navigation
Creators: name: J. Andrew  Bagnell
name: Bradley, David
name: Silver, David
name: Sofman, Boris
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: 80101 Adaptive Agents and Intelligent Robotics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Autonomous navigation by a mobile robot through L natural, unstructured terrain is one of the premier k challenges in field robotics. Tremendous advances V in autonomous navigation have been made recently in field robotics. Machine learning has played an increasingly important role in these advances. The Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) UGCV-Perceptor Integration (UPI) program was conceived to take a fresh approach to all aspects of autonomous outdoor mobile robot design, from vehicle design to the design of perception and control systems with the goal of achieving a leap in performance to enable the next generation of robotic applications in commercial, industrial, and military applications. The essential problem addressed by the UPI program is to enable safe autonomous traverse of a robot from Point A to Point B in the least time possible given a series of waypoints in complex, unstructured terrain separated by 0.2-2 km. To accomplish this goal, machine learning techniques were heavily used to provide robust and adaptive performance, while simultaneously reducing the required development and deployment time. This article describes the autonomous system, Crusher, developed for the UPI program and the learning approaches that aided in its successful performance.
Identical transitions in the strongly deformed Sr-99 and Sr-100
Creators: name: Lhersonneau, G.
name: Pfeiffer, B.
name: Gabelmann, H.
name: Kratz, K. -L.
name: ISOLDE-Collaboration, the
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The decay of the very neutron-rich nucleus Rb-100 has been studied by gamma-spectroscopy of on-line mass-separated samples. Schemes for beta-decay to Sr-100 and beta-n-decay to Sr-99 are presented. New sets of transitions in Sr-99 and Sr-100 with identical energies are observed. All identical bands so far observed in neutron-rich Sr isotopes obey a simple energy rule valid for even-even, odd-even and odd-odd bands.
description: 31 pages, 7 figures, Phys. Rev. C, in print
NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF REFRACTORY MASONRY SUBJECTED TO CYCLIC TEMPERATURE LOADING
Creators: name: GAJJAR Pratik
name: PEREIRA João
name: LOURENCO Paulo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Masonry
refractories
numerical modelling
thermomechanical behaviour
parametric analyses

description: NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF REFRACTORY MASONRY SUBJECTED TO CYCLIC TEMPERATURE LOADING
The Role of Research in Teacher Education
Creators: name: Smith, K.
Publisher: name: The School of Education and Communities, University of East London
Year: 2021

description: The current paper will briefly elaborate on the understanding of the concept ‘research-based’ teacher education and discuss what type of research teacher education and teacher educators can chiefly benefit from. I argue that developing teacher educators’ research competence is a neglected challenge and so is the need for protected time for teacher educators to engage in research.
Learning Probability Distributions over Partially-Ordered Human Everyday Activities
Creators: name: Tenorth, Moritz
name: Torre, Fernando De La
name: Beetz, Michael
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: 80101 Adaptive Agents and Intelligent Robotics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose a method to learn the partiallyordered structure inherent in human everyday activities from observations by exploiting variability in the data. Using statistical relational learning, the system extracts a full-joint probability distribution over the actions that form a task, their (partial) ordering, and their parameters. Relevant action properties and relations among actions are learned as those that are consistent among the observations. The models can be used for classifying action sequences, but also for determining which actions are relevant for a task, which objects are usually manipulated, or which action parameters are typical for a person. We evaluate the approach on synthetic data sampled from partial-order trees as well as two real-world data sets of humans activities: the TUM kitchen data set and the CMU MMAC data set. The results show that our approach outperforms sequence-based models like Conditional Random Fields for activities that allow a large degree of variation.
Detection of an X-Ray Hot Region in the Virgo Cluster of Galaxies with ASCA
Creators: name: Kikuchi, K.
name: Itoh, C.
name: Kushino, A.
name: Furusho, T.
name: Matsushita, K.
name: Yamasaki, N. Y.
name: Ohashi, T.
name: Fukazawa, Y.
name: Ikebe, Y.
name: Boehringer, H.
name: Matsumoto, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on mapping observations with ASCA, an unusual hot region with a spatial extent of 1 square degree was discovered between M87 and M49 at a center coordinate of R. A. = 12h 27m 36s and Dec. = $9^\circ18'$ (J2000). The X-ray emission from the region has a 2-10 keV flux of $1 \times 10^{-11}$ ergs s$^{-1}$ cm$^{-2}$ and a temperature of $kT \gtrsim 4$ keV, which is significantly higher than that in the surrounding medium of $\sim 2$ keV. The internal thermal energy in the hot region is estimated to be $V n k T \sim 10^{60}$ ergs with a gas density of $\sim 10^{-4}$ cm$^{-3}$. A power-law spectrum with a photon index $1.7-2.3$ is also allowed by the data. The hot region suggests there is an energy input due to a shock which is probably caused by the motion of the gas associated with M49, infalling toward the M87 cluster with a velocity $\gtrsim 1000$ km s$^{-1}$.
description: 12 pages, 3 figures, accepted to ApJL
Additional file 3 of Overexpression of Toll-like receptor 4 contributes to the internalization and elimination of Escherichia coli in sheep by enhancing caveolae-dependent endocytosis
Creators: name: Li, Yao
name: Zhao, Yue
name: Xu, Xueling
name: Zhang, Rui
name: Zhang, Jinlong
name: Zhang, Xiaosheng
name: Li, Yan
name: Deng, Shoulong
name: Lian, Zhengxing
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 3: Figure S2. Flow cytometric analysis of the percentage of monocyte endocytosis of pHrodo- labelled E. coli after 10 min and 30 min of infection in the TG group and the WT group.
title: ADCO, Cartulaire général de Cîteaux, dit de Jean de Cirey, (XVe siècle), tome I, Cart. 185 (11 H 70), f. 0201v
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CG21/F.PETOT/2012
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris
subject: cartulaire
subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge

description: Cartulaire général de Cîteaux, dit de Jean de Cirey, (XVe siècle), tome I, Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 185 (11 H 70), f. 0201v, Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Cartulaire général de Cîteaux, dit de Jean de Cirey, (XVe siècle), tome I, Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 185 (11 H 70), f. 0201v, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https:// manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: abbaye de Cîteaux
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843261
description: Provenance: https://www.geonames.org/3024876
description: Provenance: http://www.idref.fr/030974844/id
description: Provenance: https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12228351v
Learning Policies for Contextual Submodular Prediction
Creators: name: Stephane  Ross
name: Jiaji  Zhou
name: Yisong  Yue
name: Debadeepta  Dey
name: J. Andrew  Bagnell
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: 80101 Adaptive Agents and Intelligent Robotics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Many prediction domains, such as ad placement, recommendation, trajectory prediction, and document summarization, require predicting a set or list of options. Such lists are often evaluated using submodular reward functions that measure both quality and diversity. We propose a simple, efficient, and provably near-optimal approach to optimizing such prediction problems based on no-regret learning. Our method leverages a surprising result from online submodular optimization: a single no-regret online learner can compete with an optimal sequence of predictions. Compared to previous work, which either learn a sequence of classifiers or rely on stronger assumptions such as realizability, we ensure both data-efficiency as well as performance guarantees in the fully agnostic setting. Experiments validate the efficiency and applicability of the approach on a wide range of problems including manipulator trajectory optimization, news recommendation and document summarization.
Sifting for Sapphires: Systematic Selection of Tidal Disruption Events in iPTF
Creators: name: Hung, T.
name: Gezari, S.
name: Cenko, S. B.
name: van Velzen, S.
name: Blagorodnova, N.
name: Yan, Lin
name: Kulkarni, S. R.
name: Lunnan, R.
name: Kupfer, T.
name: Leloudas, G.
name: Kong, A. K. H.
name: Nugent, P. E.
name: Fremling, C.
name: Laher, Russ R.
name: Masci, F. J.
name: Cao, Y.
name: Roy, R.
name: Petrushevska, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results from a systematic selection of tidal disruption events (TDEs) in a wide-area (4800~deg$^2$), $g+R$ band, Intermediate Palomar Transient Factory (iPTF) experiment. Our selection targets typical optically-selected TDEs: bright ($>$60\% flux increase) and blue transients residing in the center of red galaxies. Using photometric selection criteria to down-select from a total of 493 nuclear transients to a sample of 26 sources, we then use follow-up UV imaging with the Neil Gehrels Swift Telescope, ground-based optical spectroscopy, and light curve fitting to classify them as 14 Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia), 9 highly variable active galactic nuclei (AGNs), 2 confirmed TDEs, and 1 potential core-collapse supernova. We find it possible to filter AGNs by employing a more stringent transient color cut ($g-r
description: 24 pages, 21 figures. Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series
Neutral Pions and Eta Mesons as Probes of the Hadronic Fireball in Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions around 1A GeV
Creators: name: Averbeck, R.
name: Holzmann, R.
name: Metag, V.
name: Simon, R. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Chemical and thermal freeze-out of the hadronic fireball formed in symmetric collisions of light, intermediate-mass, and heavy nuclei at beam energies between 0.8A GeV and 2.0A GeV are discussed in terms of an equilibrated, isospin-symmetric ideal hadron gas with grand-canonical baryon-number conservation. For each collision system the baryochemical potential mu_B and the chemical freeze-out temperature T_c are deduced from the inclusive neutral pion and eta yields which are augmented by interpolated data on deuteron production. With increasing beam energy mu_B drops from 800 MeV to 650 MeV, while T_c rises from 55 MeV to 90 MeV. For given beam energy mu_B grows with system size, whereas T_c remains constant. The centrality dependence of the freeze-out parameters is weak as exemplified by the system Au+Au at 0.8A GeV. For the highest beam energies the fraction of nucleons excited to resonance states reaches freeze-out values of nearly 15 %, suggesting resonance densities close to normal nuclear density at maximum compression. In contrast to the particle yields, which convey the status at chemical freeze-out, the shapes of the related transverse-mass spectra do reflect thermal freeze-out. The observed thermal freeze-out temperatures T_th are equal to or slightly lower than T_c, indicative of nearly simultaneous chemical and thermal freeze-out.
description: 42 pages, 12 figures
Learning Outbreak Regions in Bayesian Spatial Scan Statistics
Creators: name: Makatchev, Maxim
name: Neill, Daniel B.
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: 80101 Adaptive Agents and Intelligent Robotics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The problem of anomaly detection for bio- surveillance is typically approached in an un- supervised setting, due to the small amount of labeled training data with positive exam- ples of disease outbreaks. On the other hand, such model-based methods as the Bayesian scan statistic (BSS) naturally allow for adap- tation to the supervised learning setting, pro- vided that the models can be learned from a small number of training examples. We pro- pose modeling the spatial characteristics of outbreaks from a small amount of training data using a generative model of outbreaks with latent center. We present the model and the EM-based learning of its parameters, and we compare its performance to the standard BSS method on simulated outbreaks injected into real-world Emergency Department visits data from Allegheny County, Pennsylvania.
Supermassive Black Holes Can Hardly Be "Silent"
Creators: name: Renzini, Alvio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There is now ample evidence that most - perhaps all - galactic spheroids host a supermassive BH at their center. This has been assessed using a variety of observational techniques, from stellar and/or gas dynamics to megamasers. Yet another promising technique is offered by the case of the Virgo elliptical NGC 4552, in which early HST/FOC observations revealed a central low-luminosity flare. Subsequent HST/FOS observations with a 0.21 arcsec aperture have revealed a rich emission-line spectrum with broad and narrow components with FWHM of 3000 and 700 km/s, respectively. This variable, mini-AGN at the center of NGC 4552 is most naturally the result of a sporadic accretion event on a central BH. It has a H$α$ luminosity of only $\sim 10,000 \lsun$, making it the likely, intrinsically faintest AGN known today. Only thanks to the superior resolution of HST such a faint object has been discovered and studied in detail, but adaptive optics systems on large ground-based telescopes may reveal in the future that a low level of accretion onto central massive BHs is an ubiquitous phenomenon among galactic spheroids. FOC/FOS observations of a central spike in NGC 2681 reveal several analogies with the case of NGC 4552, while yet another example is offered by a recent exciting finding with STIS by R.W. O'Connell in NGC 1399, the third galaxy in our original program. garchingbh
description: 7 pages, Latex, lamuphys.sty, to appear in ``Black Holes in Binaries and Galactic Nuclei'', ed. L. Kaper, E.P.J. van den Heuvel, P.A. Woudt (Berlin: Springer)
Non-Gaussian Isocurvature Perturbations From Goldstone Modes Generated During Inflation
Creators: name: Bucher, Martin
name: Zhu, Yong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate non-Gaussian isocurvature perturbations generated by the evolution of Goldstone modes during inflation. If a global symmetry is broken ``before'' inflation, the resulting Goldstone modes are disordered during inflation in a precise and predictable way. After inflation these Goldstone modes order themselves in a self-similar way, much as Goldstone modes in field ordering scenarios based on the Kibble mechanism. For $(H_{inf}^2/M_{pl}^2)\sim 10^{-6},$ through their gravitational interaction these Goldstone modes generate density perturbations of approximately the right magnitude to explain the cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropy and seed the structure seen in the universe today. We point out that for the pattern of symmetry breaking in which a global $U(1)$ is completely broken, the inflationary evolution of the Goldstone field may be treated as that of a massless scalar field. Unlike the more commonly discussed case in which a global $U(1)$ is completely broken in a cosmological phase transition, in the inflationary case the production of defects can be made exponentially small, so that Goldstone field evolution is completely linear. In such a model non-Gaussian perturbations result because to lowest order density perturbations are sourced by products of Gaussian fields. Consequently, in this non-Gaussian model N-point correlations may be calculated by evaluating Feynman diagrams. We explore the issue of phase dispersion and conclude that this non-Gaussian model predicts Doppler peaks in the CMB anisotropy.
description: TEX with phyzzx macro package and epsf.tex. One postscript figure. Some missing references have been added in revised version
Additional file 9: of Associations between human leukocyte antigen polymorphisms and hypersensitivity to antiretroviral therapy in patients with human immunodeficiency virus: a meta-analysis
Creators: name: Hu, Kun
name: Xiang, Qian
name: Wang, Zhe
name: Mu, Guang-yan
name: Zhang, Zhuo
name: Ma, Ling-yue
name: Xie, Qiu-fen
name: Chen, Shu-qing
name: Zhou, Shuang
name: Zhang, Xiao-dan
name: Cui, Yi-min
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: Table S8. The summary results for the relationship between HLA-DRB1 and the risk of hypersensitivity. (DOCX 18 kb)
Thinplate Splines on the Sphere
Creators: name: Beatson, Rick K.
name: Castell, Wolfgang zu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 42A82, 33C45, 42C10, 62M30

description: In this paper we give explicit closed forms for the semi-reproducing kernels associated with thinplate spline interpolation on the sphere. Polyharmonic or thinplate splines for ${\mathbb R}^d$ were introduced by Duchon and have become a widely used tool in myriad applications. The analogues for ${\mathbb S}^{d-1}$ are the thin plate splines for the sphere. The topic was first discussed by Wahba in the early 1980's, for the ${\mathbb S}^2$ case. Wahba presented the associated semi-reproducing kernels as infinite series. These semi-reproducing kernels play a central role in expressions for the solution of the associated spline interpolation and smoothing problems. The main aims of the current paper are to give a recurrence for the semi-reproducing kernels, and also to use the recurrence to obtain explicit closed form expressions for many of these kernels. The closed form expressions will in many cases be significantly faster to evaluate than the series expansions. This will enhance the practicality of using these thinplate splines for the sphere in computations.
Finite temperature effective theories
Creators: name: Shaposhnikov, M. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Lecture Notes, Summer School on Effective Theories and Fundamental Interactions, Erice, July 1996. I describe the construction of effective field theories for equilibrium high-temperature plasma of elementary particles.
description: 24 pages, Latex, 5 eps figures
Learning Opportunity Costs in Multi-Robot Market Based Planners
Creators: name: Schneider, Jeff
name: Apfelbaum, David
name: J. Andrew  Bagnell
name: Simmons, Reid
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: 80101 Adaptive Agents and Intelligent Robotics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Direct human control of multi-robot systems is limited by the cognitive ability of humans to coordinate numerous interacting components. In remote environments, such as those encountered during planetary or ocean exploration, a further limit is imposed by communication bandwidth and delay. Market based planning can give humans a higher-level interface to multi-robot systems in these scenarios. Operators provide high level tasks and attach a reward to the achievement of each task. The robots then trade these tasks through a market based mechanism. The challenge for the system designer is to create bidding algorithms for the robots that yield high overall system performance. Opportunity cost provides a nice basis for such bidding algorithms since it encapsulates all the costs and benefits we are interested in. Unfortunately, computing it can be difficult. We propose a method of learning opportunity costs in market based planners. We provide analytic results in simplified scenarios and empirical results on our FIRE simulator, which focuses on exploration of Mars by multiple, heterogeneous rovers.
MentorNet: Learning Data-Driven Curriculum for Very Deep Neural Networks on Corrupted Labels
Creators: name: Jiang, Lu
name: Zhou, Zhengyuan
name: Leung, Thomas
name: Li, Li-Jia
name: Fei-Fei, Li
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recent deep networks are capable of memorizing the entire data even when the labels are completely random. To overcome the overfitting on corrupted labels, we propose a novel technique of learning another neural network, called MentorNet, to supervise the training of the base deep networks, namely, StudentNet. During training, MentorNet provides a curriculum (sample weighting scheme) for StudentNet to focus on the sample the label of which is probably correct. Unlike the existing curriculum that is usually predefined by human experts, MentorNet learns a data-driven curriculum dynamically with StudentNet. Experimental results demonstrate that our approach can significantly improve the generalization performance of deep networks trained on corrupted training data. Notably, to the best of our knowledge, we achieve the best-published result on WebVision, a large benchmark containing 2.2 million images of real-world noisy labels. The code are at https://github.com/google/mentornet
Centrality Dependence of Charged Particle Multiplicity in Au-Au Collisions at sqrt(s_NN)=130 GeV
Creators: name: PHENIX Collaboration
name: Adcox, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results for the charged-particle multiplicity distribution at mid-rapidity in Au - Au collisions at sqrt(s_NN)=130 GeV measured with the PHENIX detector at RHIC. For the 5% most central collisions we find $dN_{ch}/dη_{|η=0} = 622 \pm 1 (stat) \pm 41 (syst)$. The results, analyzed as a function of centrality, show a steady rise of the particle density per participating nucleon with centrality.
description: 307 authors, 43 institutions, 6 pages, 4 figures, 1 table Minor changes to figure labels and text to meet PRL requirements. One author added: M. Hibino of Waseda University
Efficient predictive monitoring of linear time-invariant systems under stealthy attacks
Creators: name: Azzam, Mazen
name: Pasquale, Liliana
name: Provan, Gregory
name: Nuseibeh, Bashar
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 4612
subject: Software engineering

description: Attacks on industrial control systems (ICSs) can lead to significant physical damage. While off-line safety and security assessments can provide insight into vulnerable system components, they may not account for stealthy attacks designed to evade anomaly detectors during long operational transients. In this article, we propose a predictive online monitoring approach to check the safety of the system under potential stealthy false data injection attacks (FDIAs) on sensors. Specifically, we adapt previous results in reachability analysis for attack impact assessment to provide an efficient algorithm for online safety monitoring for linear time-invariant (LTI) systems. The proposed approach relies on an off-line computation of symbolic reachable sets in terms of the estimated physical state of the system. These sets are then instantiated online, and safety checks are performed by leveraging ideas from ellipsoidal calculus. We illustrate and evaluate our approach using the Tennessee–Eastman process. We also compare our approach with the baseline monitoring approaches proposed in previous work and assess its efficiency and scalability. Our evaluation results demonstrate that our approach can predict in a timely manner if an FDIA will be able to cause damage while remaining undetected. Thus, our approach can be used to provide operators with real-time early warnings about stealthy attacks.
Sparse highly connected spanning subgraphs in dense directed graphs
Creators: name: Kang, Dong Yeap
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Mader proved that every strongly $k$-connected $n$-vertex digraph contains a strongly $k$-connected spanning subgraph with at most $2kn - 2k^2$ edges, where the equality holds for the complete bipartite digraph ${DK}_{k,n-k}$. For dense strongly $k$-connected digraphs, this upper bound can be significantly improved. More precisely, we prove that every strongly $k$-connected $n$-vertex digraph $D$ contains a strongly $k$-connected spanning subgraph with at most $kn + 800k(k+\overlineΔ(D))$ edges, where $\overlineΔ(D)$ denotes the maximum degree of the complement of the underlying undirected graph of a digraph $D$. Here, the additional term $800k(k+\overlineΔ(D))$ is tight up to multiplicative and additive constants. As a corollary, this implies that every strongly $k$-connected $n$-vertex semicomplete digraph contains a strongly $k$-connected spanning subgraph with at most $kn + 800k^2$ edges, which is essentially optimal since $800k^2$ cannot be reduced to the number less than $k(k-1)/2$. We also prove an analogous result for strongly $k$-arc-connected directed multigraphs. Both proofs yield polynomial-time algorithms.
description: 31 pages
Learning Mobile Robot Motion Control from Demonstrated Primitives and Human Feedback
Creators: name: Argall, Brenna
name: Browning, Brett
name: Veloso, Manuela M.
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: 80101 Adaptive Agents and Intelligent Robotics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Task demonstration is one effective technique for developing robot motion control policies. As tasks become more complex, however, demonstration can become more difficult. In this work we introduce a technique that uses corrective human feedback to build a policy able to perform an undemonstrated task from simpler policies learned from demonstration. Our algorithm first evaluates and corrects the execution of motion primitive policies learned from demonstration. The algorithm next corrects and enables the execution of a larger task built from these primitives.Within a simulated robot motion control domain, we validate that a policy for an undemonstrated task is successfully built from motion primitives learned from demonstration under our approach.We show feedback to both aid and enable policy development, improving policy performance in success, speed and efficiency.
Looking at 'Both Sides' of Teacher Education Research and Policy-Making: Insights for the Teacher Education Research Community
Creators: name: White, S.
Publisher: name: The School of Education and Communities, University of East London
Year: 2021

description: Teacher education researchers appear generally not well equipped to maximise a range of dissemination strategies, and remain largely separated from the policy implications of their research. How teacher education researchers address this issue and communicate their research to a wider public audience is more important than ever to consider within a global political discourse where teacher education researchers appear frustrated that their findings should, but do not, make a difference; and where the research they produce is often marginalised. This paper seeks to disrupt the widening gap between teacher education researchers and policy-makers by looking at the issue from ‘both sides’. The paper examines policy–research tensions and the critique of teacher education researchers and then outlines some of the key findings from an Australian policy-maker study. Recommendations are offered as a way for teacher education researchers to begin to mobilise a new set of generative strategies to draw from.
A Stochastic Approach to Chemical Evolution
Creators: name: Copi, Craig J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Observations of elemental abundances in the Galaxy have repeatedly shown an intrinsic scatter as a function of time and metallicity. The standard approach to chemical evolution does not attempt to address this scatter in abundances since only the mean evolution is followed. In this work the scatter is addressed via a stochastic approach to solving chemical evolution models. Three standard chemical evolution scenarios are studied using this stochastic approach; a closed box model, an infall model, and an outflow model. These models are solved for the solar neighborhood in a Monte Carlo fashion. The evolutionary history of one particular region is determined randomly based on the star formation rate and the initial mass function. Following the evolution in an ensemble of such regions leads to the predicted spread in abundances expected, based solely on different evolutionary histories of otherwise identical regions. In this work 13 isotopes are followed including the light elements, the CNO elements, a few $α$-elements, and iron. It is found that the predicted spread in abundances for a $10^5\Msun$ region is in good agreement with observations for the $α$-elements. For CN the agreement is not as good perhaps indicating the need for more physics input for low mass stellar evolution. Similarly for the light elements the predicted scatter is quite small which is in contradiction to the observations of \He{3} in \hii\ regions. The models are tuned for the solar neighborhood so good agreement with \hii\ regions is not expected. This has important implications for low mass stellar evolution and on using chemical evolution to determine the primordial light element abundances in order to test big-bang nucleosynthesis.
description: 34 pages + 16 figures included with epsf and rotate styles, LaTeX2.09. Also available from ftp://astro.uchicago.edu/pub/astro/copi/chem/