cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
An Adaptive Parameterisation Method for Shape Optimisation Using Adjoint Sensitivities
Creators: name: Jesudasan, Rejish
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Adjoint CFD, CAD-based Parametrisation, NURBS, Algorithmic differentiation

description: Adjoint methods are the most efficient approach to compute the design sensitivities as the entire gradient vector of a single objective function is obtained in a single adjoint system solve. This in turn opens up a wide range of possibilities to parameterise the shape. Most shape parameterisation methods require manual set-up which typically results in a restricted design space. In this work, two parameterisation methods that can be derived automatically from existing information are extended to include adaptive design space in shape optimisation.
 The node-based method derives parameterisation directly from the computational mesh employed for simulation and normal displacements of the surface grid nodes are taken as design variables. This method offers the richest design space for
 shape optimisation. However, this method requires an additional surface regularization method to annihilate high-frequency shape modes. Hence the best achievable design depends on the amount of smoothing applied on the design surface. An improved adaptive explicit surface regularization method is proposed in this thesis to capture superior shape modes in the design process.
 The NSPCC approach takes CAD descriptions as input and perturbs the control points of the NURBS boundary representation to modify the shape. The adaptive NSPCC method is proposed where the optimisation begins with a coarser design
 space and adapts to finer parameterisation during the design process. Driven by adjoint sensitivity information the control points on the design surfaces are adaptively enriched using knot insertion algorithm without modifying the shape. Both parameterisation methods are coupled in the adjoint-based shape optimisation process to reduce the total pressure loss of a turbine blade internal cooling channel. Based on analyses regarding the quality of the optima and the rate of convergence of the
 design process the adaptive NSPCC method outperforms both adaptive node-based and the static NSPCC approach.
Differentiable Stereopsis: Meshes from multiple views using differentiable rendering
Creators: name: Goel, Shubham
name: Gkioxari, Georgia
name: Malik, Jitendra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose Differentiable Stereopsis, a multi-view stereo approach that reconstructs shape and texture from few input views and noisy cameras. We pair traditional stereopsis and modern differentiable rendering to build an end-to-end model which predicts textured 3D meshes of objects with varying topologies and shape. We frame stereopsis as an optimization problem and simultaneously update shape and cameras via simple gradient descent. We run an extensive quantitative analysis and compare to traditional multi-view stereo techniques and state-of-the-art learning based methods. We show compelling reconstructions on challenging real-world scenes and for an abundance of object types with complex shape, topology and texture. Project webpage: https://shubham-goel.github.io/ds/
description: In CVPR2022. Project webpage: https://shubham-goel.github.io/ds/
Induction versus progression of brain tumor development: differential functions for the pRB- and p53-targeting domains of simian virus 40 T antigen.
Creators: name: Chen, J
name: Sáenz Robles, M T
name: Van Dyke, T
name: Symonds, H
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1994

description: The ability of simian virus 40-encoded large T antigen to disrupt the growth control of a variety of cell types is related to its ability to interfere with certain cellular proteins, such as p53 and the retinoblastoma susceptibility gene product (pRB). We have used wild-type and mutant forms of T antigen in transgenic mice to dissect the roles of pRB, p53, and other cellular proteins in tumorigenesis of different cell types. In this study, using a cell-specific promoter to target expression specifically to brain epithelium (the choroid plexus) and to B and T lymphoid cells, we characterize the tumorigenic capacity of a T-antigen fragment that comprises only the amino-terminal 121 residues. This fragment (dl1137) retains the ability to interact with pRB and p107 but lacks the p53-binding domain. While loss of the p53-binding region results in loss of the capacity to induce lymphoid abnormalities, dl1137 retains the ability to induce choroid plexus tumors that are histologically indistinguishable from those induced by wild-type T antigen. Tumors induced by dl1137 develop much more slowly, however, reaching an end point at around 8 months of age rather than at 1 to 2 months. Analysis of tumor progression indicates that tumor induction by dl1137 does not require secondary genetic or epigenetic events. Rather, the tumor growth rate is significantly slowed, indicating that the T-antigen C-terminal region contributes to tumor progression in this cell type. In contrast, the pRB-binding region appears essential for tumorigenesis as mutation of residue 107, known to disrupt pRB and p107 binding to wild-type T antigen, abolishes the ability of the dl1137 protein to induce growth abnormalities in the brain.
Revivals of Zitterbewegung of a bound localized Dirac particle
Creators: name: Romera, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper a bound localized Dirac particle is shown to exhibit a revival of the zitterbewegung (ZB) oscillation amplitude. These revivals go beyond the known quasiclassical regenerations in which the ZB oscillation amplitude is decreasing from period to period. This phenomenon is studied in a Dirac oscillator and it is shown that it is possible to set up wave packets in which there is a regeneration of the initial ZB amplitude.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures
Electromagnetic Contribution to the Proton-Neutron Mass Splitting
Creators: name: Thomas, A. W.
name: Wang, X. G.
name: Young, R. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the electromagnetic contribution to the proton-neutron mass splitting by combining lattice simulations and the modified Cottingham sum rule of Walker-Loud, Carlson and Miller. This analysis yields an estimate of the isovector nucleon magnetic polarizability as a function of pion mass. The physical value, obtained by chiral extrapolation to the physical pion mass, is $β_{p-n}=(-1.12 \pm 0.40)\times 10^{-4}\ \mathrm{fm}^3$, which is in agreement with the empirical result, albeit with a somewhat smaller error. As a result, we find $δM^γ_{p-n}=1.04 \pm 0.11\ \mathrm{MeV}$, which represents a significant improvement in precision.
The Type Ibn Supernova 2019kbj -- Indications for Diversity in Type Ibn Supernova Progenitors
Creators: name: Ben-Ami, Tom
name: Arcavi, Iair
name: Newsome, Megan
name: Farah, Joseph
name: Pellegrino, Craig
name: Terreran, Giacomo
name: Burke, Jamison
name: Hosseinzadeh, Griffin
name: McCully, Curtis
name: Hiramatsu, Daichi
name: Gonzalez, Estefania Padilla
name: Howell, D. Andrew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Type Ibn supernovae (SNe) are a rare class of stellar explosions whose progenitor systems are not yet well determined. We present and analyze observations of the Type Ibn SN 2019kbj, and model its light curve in order to constrain its progenitor and explosion parameters. SN 2019kbj shows roughly constant temperature during the first month after peak, indicating a power source (likely circumstellar material interaction) that keeps the continuum emission hot at ~15,000K. Indeed, we find that the radioactive decay of Ni56 is disfavored as the sole power source of the bolometric light curve. A radioactive decay + circumstellar-material (CSM) interaction model, on the other hand, does reproduce the bolometric emission well. The fits prefer a uniform-density CSM shell rather than CSM due to a steady mass-loss wind, similar to what is seen in other Type Ibn SNe. The uniform-density CSM shell model requires ~0.1 solar masses of Ni56 and ~1 solar mass of total ejecta to reproduce the light curve. SN 2019kbj differs in this manner from another Type Ibn SN with derived physical parameters, SN 2019uo, for which an order of magnitude lower Ni56 mass and larger ejecta mass were derived. This points towards a possible diversity in SN Ibn progenitor systems and explosions.
description: Accepted to ApJ
The gluon propagator in Feynman gauge by the method of stationary variance
Creators: name: Siringo, Fabio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The low-energy limit of pure Yang-Mills SU(3) gauge theory is studied in Feynman gauge by the method of stationary variance, a genuine second-order variational method that is suited to deal with the minimal coupling of fermions in gauge theories. In terms of standard irreducible graphs, the stationary equations are written as a set of coupled non-linear integral equations for the gluon and ghost propagators. A physically sensible solution is found for any strength of the coupling. The gluon propagator is finite in the infrared, with a dynamical mass that decreases as a power at high energies. At variance with some recent findings in Feynman gauge, the ghost dressing function does not vanish in the infrared limit and a decoupling scenario emerges as recently reported for the Landau gauge.
MOT2 encodes a negative regulator of gene expression that affects basal expression of pheromone-responsive genes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
Creators: name: Cade, R M
name: Errede, B
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1994

description: Pheromones induce haploid cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to differentiate into a mating-competent state. Ste11p is one of several protein kinases required to transmit the pheromone-induced signal and to maintain basal expression of certain mating-specific genes in the absence of pheromone stimulation. To identify potential regulators of Ste11p, we screened for suppressors that restored mating and basal transcriptional competence to a strain with a conditionally functional Ste11p. This screen uncovered a novel gene we call MOT2, for modulator of transcription. A mot2 deletion mutation leads to modest increases in the basal amounts of mRNA for several pheromone-responsive genes. Yet mot2 deletion does not affect the signal transmission activity of the pathway in either the presence or absence of pheromone stimulation. Therefore, we propose that Mot2p, directly or indirectly, represses basal transcription of certain mating-specific genes. Because mot2 deletion mutants also have a conditional cell lysis phenotype, we expect that Mot2p regulatory effects may be more global than for mating-specific gene expression.
Quelle est la spécificité du rôle infirmier auprès d'une population de femmes sans abri, en considérant les dimensions bio-psycho-socio-culturelles et spirituelles de ces personnes ?
Creators: name: Brunner, Olivia
name: Kalbermatten, Stéphanie
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 0
Subjects: subject: Santé
subject: Femme
subject: Pauvreté
subject: Précarité
subject: Sans-logis
subject: Vulnérabilité
subject: Rôle infirmier
subject: Soins de santé primaires
subject: Recherche scientifique - sciences infirmières
subject: Revue de littérature

description: Les auteurs se sont intéressées à la santé des femmes et leurs recherches ont montré que celles-ci supportent de façon disproportionnée le fardeau de la misère. (…) La pauvreté est considérée à la fois comme la cause, le facteur associé, le catalyseur et le résultat d’une santé déficiente des populations. Toutes les dimensions de la personne sont affectées par l’absence de logement. Dans la dimension biologique, il en ressort une apparition plus précoce des maladies somatiques et les femmes sont plus vulnérables que les hommes, en raison de leurs besoins en santé sexuelle et reproductive. La dimension psychologique est touchée par une faible estime de soi et une grande détresse psychologique, ce qui amène les femmes sdf à utiliser les services de santé de manière inadéquate. Concernant la dimension sociale, il apparaît que tant que certains besoins basiques ne sont pas satisfaits (abri, nourriture, sécurité,…), il est difficile pour une population sdf d’avoir la disponibilité pour créer des relations sociales satisfaisantes et ceséléments affectent leur santé. Les auteurs de ce travail ont choisi de ne pas aborder la dimension culturelle, car les résultats trouvés dans les articles de recherche nord-américains, n’étaient pas transférables aux pratiques en Suisse. Une grande spiritualité chez les femmes sdf semble influencer positivement leurs relations interpersonnelles et leur permet une meilleure gestion du stress. Les résultats probants issus des articles de recherche soulignent l’importance, pour une infirmière, d’adopter une attitude respectueuse et non-jugeante lors de la prise en soins de femmes sdf. En effet, celle-ci contribue à améliorer leur état de santé en permettant à ces femmes de développer des ressources en termes de santé ainsi que des relations de confiance avec les différents acteurs du système socio-sanitaire. L’infirmière a un rôle primordial à jouer, en lien avec les soins de santé primaires, la prévention des maladies et la promotion de la santé.
Reciprocal regulation of the Epstein-Barr virus BamHI-F promoter by EBNA-1 and an E2F transcription factor.
Creators: name: Wilson, J
name: Sung, N S
name: Pagano, J S
name: Sista, N D
name: Davenport, M
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1994

description: The Epstein-Barr virus BamHI-F promoter (Fp) is one of three used to transcribe the EBNA latency proteins, in particular, EBNA-1, the only viral gene product needed for episomal replication. Fp is distinguished by possession of the only EBNA-1 binding sites (the Q locus) in the Epstein-Barr virus genome outside oriP. Activity of Fp is negatively autoregulated by interaction of EBNA-1 at two sites in the Q locus, which is situated downstream of the RNA start site. We demonstrate in transient assays that this EBNA-1-mediated repression of Fp can be overcome by an E2F transcription factor which interacts with the DNA at a site centered between the two EBNA-1 binding sites within the Q locus. An E2F-1 fusion protein protects the sequence 5'-GGATGGCGGGTAATA-3' from DNase I digestion, and a DNA probe containing this sequence binds an E2F-specific protein complex from cell extracts, although this region is only loosely homologous with known consensus binding sites for E2F transcription factors. In mobility shift assays, E2F can displace the binding of EBNA-1 from the Q locus but not from oriP, where the E2F binding site is not present. E2F also activates expression of Fp in epithelial cells. These findings identify a potentially new binding site for members of the E2F family of transcription factors and suggest that such a factor is important for expression of EBNA-1 in lymphoid and epithelial cells by displacing EBNA-1 from the Q locus. In addition, the possibility that Fp activity is under cell cycle control is raised. Since the supply of functional E2F varies during the cell cycle and since in these assays overexpression of E2F can overcome repression of Fp by EBNA-1, control of transcription of EBNA-1 mRNA by cell cycle regulatory factors may help to bring about ordered replication of episomes.
Le rôle infirmier dans l’accompagnement des personnes atteintes de cancer utilisant des approches complémentaires dans une perspective d’amélioration de leur qualité de vie
Creators: name: Daenzer, Muriel
name: Rixhon, Caroline
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 0
Subjects: subject: Infirmier / Infirmière
subject: Oncologie
subject: Rôle infirmier
subject: Médecine parallèle
subject: Compétence professionnelle
subject: Savoir infirmier
subject: Ecoute
subject: Besoins du patient
subject: Recherche scientifique - sciences infirmières
subject: Revue de littérature

description: Le but de cette revue de littérature est de mettre en lumière les différentes dimensions du rôle infirmier en oncologie face à ce sujet récent et actuel, que sont les approches complémentaires. Il comporte huit articles, dont trois études quantitatives, deux études qualitatives, deux articles théoriques et une revue de littérature. Le dénominateur commun de tous ces articles est le rôle infirmier par rapport aux médecines complémentaires, ainsi que les perspectives professionnelles (...). Le rôle infirmier consiste principalement à acquérir des compétences et des connaissances sur les approches complémentaires, à faire le lien entre les patients et les oncologues, mais également entre les traitements conventionnels et complémentaires. De plus, les résultats démontrent l’importance d’être à l’écoute des besoins et des désirs des patients et de pouvoir les guider et les accompagner de manière efficace et sûre.
The bZIP transactivator of Epstein-Barr virus, BZLF1, functionally and physically interacts with the p65 subunit of NF-kappa B.
Creators: name: Kenney, S C
name: Zhang, Q
name: Gutsch, D E
name: Stein, B
name: Baldwin, A S
name: Holley-Guthrie, E A
name: Blanar, M A
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1994

description: The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) BZLF1 (Z) immediate-early transactivator initiates the switch between latent and productive infection in B cells. The Z protein, which has homology to the basic leucine zipper protein c-Fos, transactivates the promoters of several replicative cycle proteins. Transactivation efficiency of the EBV BMRF1 promoter by Z is cell type dependent. In B cells, in which EBV typically exists in a latent form, Z activates the BMRF1 promoter inefficiently. We have discovered that the p65 component of the cellular factor NF-kappa B inhibits transactivation of several EBV promoters by Z. Furthermore, the inhibitor of NF-kappa B, I kappa B alpha, can augment Z-induced transactivation in the B-cell line Raji. Using glutathione S-transferase fusion proteins and coimmunoprecipitation studies, we demonstrate a direct interaction between Z and p65. This physical interaction, which requires the dimerization domain of Z and the Rel homology domain of p65, can be demonstrated both in vitro and in vivo. Inhibition of Z transactivation function by NF-kappa B p65, or possibly by other Rel family proteins, may contribute to the inefficiency of Z transactivator function in B cells and may be a mechanism of maintaining B-cell-specific viral latency.
title: Les thérapies complémentaires
title: Quels sont les besoins et quel est le rôle de l’infirmière en oncologie ?
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Henchoz, Heidi
name: Jaccard, Isabelle
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 0
Subjects: subject: Médecine complémentaire
subject: Besoins du patient
subject: Soins infirmiers en oncologie
subject: Oncologie
subject: Rôle infirmier
subject: Accompagnement
subject: Information du patient
subject: Formation infirmière
subject: Recherche scientifique - sciences infirmières
subject: Revue de littérature

description: Les termes « thérapies » et « complémentaires » n’ont pas été choisis par hasard. En effet, contrairement à « alternatives », « complémentaires » signifie qu’elles viennent complémenter la médecine conventionnelle et non pas la remplacer. Le but de ce travail n’est pas de promouvoir les thérapies complémentaires en tant que substitut de la médecine conventionnelle ni même les thérapies complémentaires en tant que telles. Le but est de mettre en avant le rôle que l’infirmière peut avoir auprès d’un patient qui demande par lui-même des informations au sujet de ce type de thérapies car il désire les utiliser mais ne les connaît pas, ou alors auprès d’un patient qui s’en sert déjà et qui a besoin d’un accompagnement. Il y a une réelle augmentation de l’utilisation de ces thérapies et les patients désirent des informations supplémentaires sur ce qui existe et sur ce qui est à leur disposition ; mais également sur les thérapies complémentaires car, selon eux, elles permettent une approche de soins plus holistique que la médecine conventionnelle. Quant aux infirmières, elles expriment également un grand besoin d’éducation aux thérapies complémentaires car leurs connaissances personnelles ne suffisent plus pour répondre aux besoins et demandes des patients. Elles désirent par cet enseignement, connaître leurs bénéfices et désavantages ainsi que les risques d’interactions avec les traitements allopathiques. Elles parlent également de plusieurs problèmes auxquels elles sont confrontées qui sont le manque de temps, le manque de collaboration avec les médecins, les préjugés face aux thérapies complémentaires, ainsi que les problèmes juridiques auxquels elles s’exposent en les utilisant, car aucune législation n’est présente.
Transcription of the sea urchin U6 gene in vitro requires a TATA-like box, a proximal sequence element, and sea urchin USF, which binds an essential E box.
Creators: name: Li, J M
name: Marzluff, W F
name: Parsons, R A
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1994

description: The tandemly repeated gene set encoding the sea urchin U6 gene has been cloned from the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus purpuratus. The U6 gene is transcribed by RNA polymerase III in a sea urchin nuclear extract. Like that of the vertebrate U6 genes, transcription of the sea urchin U6 gene does not require any internal sequences or 3' sequences but requires only 5' flanking sequences. Only 88 nucleotides of 5' flanking sequence are required for maximal expression in vitro. Mutagenesis experiments demonstrated the requirement for three elements, a CACGTG element at -80, a proximal sequence element at about -55, and the TATA-like box at -25. The major protein in sea urchin extracts that interacts with the CACGTG element is sea urchin USF, and immunodepletion of sea urchin USF greatly reduces transcription. The USF binding site in the U6 gene is highly homologous (11 of 13 nucleotides) with the USF binding sites found in the promoter of the S. purpuratus spec genes.
Value Penalized Q-Learning for Recommender Systems
Creators: name: Gao, Chengqian
name: Xu, Ke
name: Zhou, Kuangqi
name: Li, Lanqing
name: Wang, Xueqian
name: Yuan, Bo
name: Zhao, Peilin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Scaling reinforcement learning (RL) to recommender systems (RS) is promising since maximizing the expected cumulative rewards for RL agents meets the objective of RS, i.e., improving customers' long-term satisfaction. A key approach to this goal is offline RL, which aims to learn policies from logged data. However, the high-dimensional action space and the non-stationary dynamics in commercial RS intensify distributional shift issues, making it challenging to apply offline RL methods to RS. To alleviate the action distribution shift problem in extracting RL policy from static trajectories, we propose Value Penalized Q-learning (VPQ), an uncertainty-based offline RL algorithm. It penalizes the unstable Q-values in the regression target by uncertainty-aware weights, without the need to estimate the behavior policy, suitable for RS with a large number of items. We derive the penalty weights from the variances across an ensemble of Q-functions. To alleviate distributional shift issues at test time, we further introduce the critic framework to integrate the proposed method with classic RS models. Extensive experiments conducted on two real-world datasets show that the proposed method could serve as a gain plugin for existing RS models.
description: An uncertainty based offline RL algorithm for recommender systems, SIGIR short paper
Two different types of double-strand breaks in Saccharomyces cerevisiae are repaired by similar RAD52-independent, nonhomologous recombination events.
Creators: name: Moore, J K
name: Brock, J A
name: Kramer, K M
name: Haber, J E
name: Bloom, K
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1994

description: In haploid rad52 Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains unable to undergo homologous recombination, a chromosomal double-strand break (DSB) can be repaired by imprecise rejoining of the broken chromosome ends. We have used two different strategies to generate broken chromosomes: (i) a site-specific DSB generated at the MAT locus by HO endonuclease cutting or (ii) a random DSB generated by mechanical rupture during mitotic segregation of a conditionally dicentric chromosome. Broken chromosomes were repaired by deletions that were highly variable in size, all of which removed more sequences than was required either to prevent subsequent HO cleavage or to eliminate a functional centromere, respectively. The junction of the deletions frequently occurred where complementary strands from the flanking DNA could anneal to form 1 to 5 bp, although 12% (4 of 34) of the events appear to have occurred by blunt-end ligation. These types of deletions are very similar to the junctions observed in the repair of DSBs by mammalian cells (D. B. Roth and J. H. Wilson, Mol. Cell. Biol. 6:4295-4304, 1986). When a high level of HO endonuclease, expressed in all phases of the cell cycle, was used to create DSBs, we also recovered a large class of very small (2- or 3-bp) insertions in the HO cleavage site. These insertions appear to represent still another mechanism of DSB repair, apparently by annealing and filling in the overhanging 3' ends of the cleavage site. These types of events have also been well documented for vertebrate cells.
Acoustic Frequency Multiplication and Pure Second Harmonic Generation of Phonons by Magnetic Transducers
Creators: name: Cai, Chengyuan
name: Zhou, Xi-Han
name: Yu, Weichao
name: Yu, Tao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We predict frequency multiplication of surface acoustic waves in dielectric substrates via the ferromagnetic resonance of adjacent magnetic transducers when driven by microwaves. We find pure second harmonic generation (SHG) without any linear and third harmonic components by a magnetic nanowire. The SHG and linear phonon pumping are switched by varying the saturated magnetization direction of the wire, or resolved directionally when pumped by magnetic nano-disc. We address the high efficiency of SHG with comparable magnitude to that of linear response, as well as unique non-reciprocal phonon transport that is remarkably distinct in different phonon harmonics. Such acoustic frequency comb driven by microwaves should bring unprecedented tunability for the miniaturized phononic and spintronic devices.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures
Half-metallic magnetism and the search for better spin valves
Creators: name: Everschor-Sitte, Karin
name: Sitte, Matthias
name: MacDonald, Allan H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use a previously proposed theory for the temperature dependence of tunneling magnetoresistance to shed light on ongoing efforts to optimize spin valves. First we show that a mechanism in which spin valve performance at finite temperatures is limited by uncorrelated thermal fluctuations of magnetization orientations on opposite sides of a tunnel junction is in good agreement with recent studies of the temperature-dependent magnetoresistance of high quality tunnel junctions with MgO barriers. Using this insight, we propose a simple formula which captures the advantages for spin-valve optimization of using materials with a high spin polarization of Fermi-level tunneling electrons, and of using materials with high ferromagnetic transition temperatures. We conclude that half-metallic ferromagnets can yield better spin-value performance than current elemental transition metal ferromagnet/MgO systems only if their ferromagnetic transition temperatures exceed $\sim 950~\mathrm{K}$.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures, 2 tables
Qu'est-ce que les compétences culturelles et en quoi la qualité de l'offre en soins dépend-elle de celles-ci auprès de patients adultes de culture différente qui sont hospitalisés ?
Creators: name: Verdon, Charlotte
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 0
Subjects: subject: Soins interculturels
subject: Culture
subject: Interculturalité
subject: Relation soignant-soigné
subject: Compétence professionnelle
subject: Rôle infirmier
subject: Recherche scientifique - sciences infirmières
subject: Revue de littérature

description: Cette revue de littérature s’intéresse à deux concepts : les compétences culturelles et les soins culturels. Le but est de définir quels sont les facteurs qui composent les compétences culturelles, quelle est leur utilité et en quoi ils influencent la qualité des soins infirmiers. Il en ressort que les compétences culturelles sont nombreuses et variées et qu'elles jouent un rôle important quant à la qualité de l'offre en soins. Les infirmières se doivent de développer des compétences culturelles afin de répondre au mieux aux besoins culturels de leurs patients.
A proliferative p53-responsive element mediates tumor necrosis factor alpha induction of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 long terminal repeat.
Creators: name: Baldwin, A S
name: Hixon, M L
name: Perkins, N D
name: Gualberto, A
name: Nabel, G J
name: Finco, T S
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1995

description: Transforming mutants of the p53 tumor suppressor gene can positively regulate transcription from several promoters that do not contain known p53 binding sites. Here, we report the identification of a novel p53 binding site in the human immunodeficiency virus long terminal repeat that specifically mediates mutant p53 transactivation. This DNA element was bound by endogenous Jurkat p53 when these cells were stimulated by tumor necrosis factor. Mutation of this sequence inhibited p53 transactivation and tumor necrosis factor inducibility of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 long terminal repeat. In addition, this DNA element was found to be sufficient to confer mutant p53 responsiveness on a heterologous minimal promoter. It has been hypothesized that transforming mutants of p53 represent a proliferative conformational stage that can be adopted by the native protein under stimulation by growth factors. The data presented suggest that proliferative and antiproliferative p53 conformations recognize different DNA binding sites in order to mediate distinct biological functions. Thus, transforming mutants of p53 that fold into the proliferative conformation would favor proliferative over antiproliferative functions.
Activation of Rac1, RhoA, and mitogen-activated protein kinases is required for Ras transformation.
Creators: name: Solski, P A
name: Clark, G J
name: Kinch, M S
name: Khosravi-Far, R
name: Der, C J
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1995

description: Although substantial evidence supports a critical role for the activation of Raf-1 and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) in oncogenic Ras-mediated transformation, recent evidence suggests that Ras may activate a second signaling pathway which involves the Ras-related proteins Rac1 and RhoA. Consequently, we used three complementary approaches to determine the contribution of Rac1 and RhoA function to oncogenic Ras-mediated transformation. First, whereas constitutively activated mutants of Rac1 and RhoA showed very weak transforming activity when transfected alone, their coexpression with a weakly transforming Raf-1 mutant caused a greater than 35-fold enhancement of transforming activity. Second, we observed that coexpression of dominant negative mutants of Rac1 and RhoA reduced oncogenic Ras transforming activity. Third, activated Rac1 and RhoA further enhanced oncogenic Ras-triggered morphologic transformation, as well as growth in soft agar and cell motility. Finally, we also observed that kinase-deficient MAPKs inhibited Ras transformation. Taken together, these data support the possibility that oncogenic Ras activation of Rac1 and RhoA, coupled with activation of the Raf/MAPK pathway, is required to trigger the full morphogenic and mitogenic consequences of oncogenic Ras transformation.
Lors de la prise en charge de patientes subissant une interruption volontaire de grossesse médicamenteuse, quels sont les impacts moraux et psychologiques qui peuvent toucher une infirmière et comment peut-on les prévenir ?
Creators: name: Schmied, Marielle
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 0
Subjects: subject: Avortement
subject: Infirmier/Infimière
subject: Emotion
subject: Psychologie
subject: Tristesse
subject: Sentiment
subject: Stress
subject: Recherche scientifique - sciences infirmières
subject: Revue de littérature

description: L’impact psychologique et la détresse émotionnelle des femmes subissant un avortement a fait l’objet de nombreuses recherches. En revanche, il y a beaucoup moins d’études sur le potentiel impact psychologique et la détresse morale que peuvent subir les infirmières travaillant dans les services pratiquant l’interruption de grossesse (IG). Les sept articles choisis pour cette revue de littérature se citent les un les autres et confirment les différents résultats. Il y a peu de recherches récentes sur le sujet de l’IVG médicamenteuse surtout au niveau suisse. Dans notre pays, il y a un manque de soutien et de sensibilité, envers les professionnels de santé, au sujet de l’impact que l’avortement peut avoir sur leur bien-être. Des recherches sur ce domaine et sur l’objection de conscience pourraient permettre de faire évoluer la problématique.
Angiotensin II stimulates calcium-dependent activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase.
Creators: name: Li, X
name: Zohn, I E
name: Earp, H S
name: Yu, H
name: Cox, A D
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1995

description: In GN4 rat liver epithelial cells, angiotensin II (Ang II) and other agonists which activate phospholipase C stimulate tyrosine kinase activity in a calcium-dependent, protein kinase C (PKC)-independent manner. Since Ang II also produces a proliferative response in these cells, we investigated downstream signaling elements traditionally linked to growth control by tyrosine kinases. First, Ang II, like epidermal growth factor (EGF), stimulated AP-1 binding activity in a PKC-independent manner. Because increases in AP-1 can reflect induction of c-Jun and c-Fos, we examined the activity of the mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase family members Erk-1 and -2 and the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), which are known to influence c-Jun and c-Fos transcription. Ang II stimulated MAP kinase (MAPK) activity but only approximately 50% as effectively as EGF; again, these effects were independent of PKC. Ang II also produced a 50- to 200-fold activation of JNK in a PKC-independent manner. Unlike its smaller effect on MAPK, Ang II was approximately four- to sixfold more potent in activating JNK than EGF was. Although others had reported a lack of calcium ionophore-stimulated JNK activity in lymphocytes and several other cell lines, we examined the role of calcium in GN4 cells. The following results suggest that JNK activation in rat liver epithelial cells is at least partially Ca(2+) dependent: (i) norepinephrine and vasopressin hormones that increase inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate stimulated JNK; (ii) both thapsigargin, a compound that produces an intracellular Ca(2+) signal, and Ca(2+) ionophores stimulated a dramatic increase in JNK activity (up to 200-fold); (iii) extracellular Ca(2+) chelation with ethylene glycol tetraacetic acid (EGTA) inhibited JNK activation by ionophore and intracellular chelation with 1,2-bis-(o-aminophenoxy)-ethane-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid tetraacetoxymethyl-ester (BAPTA-AM) partially inhibited JNK activation by Ang II or thapsigargin; and (iv) JNK activation by Ang II was inhibited by pretreatment of cells with thapsigargin and EGTA, a procedure which depletes intracellular Ca(2+) stores. JNK activation following Ang II stimulation did not involve calmodulin; either W-7 nor calmidizolium, in concentrations sufficient to inhibit Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent kinase II, blocked JNK activation by Ang II. In contrast, genistein, in concentrations sufficient to inhibit Ca(2+)-dependent tyrosine phosphorylation, prevented Ang II and thapsigargin-induced JNK activation. In summary, in GN4 rat liver epithelial cells, Ang II stimulates JNK via a novel Ca(2+)-dependent pathway. The inhibition by genistein suggest that Ca(2+)-dependent tyrosine phosphorylation may modulate the JNK pathway in a cell type-specific manner, particularly in cells with a readily detectable Ca(2+)-regulated tyrosine kinase.
Holography on the lattice: the string worldsheet perspective
Creators: name: Bliard, Gabriel
name: Costa, Ilaria
name: Forini, Valentina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review the study, on the lattice, of the Green-Schwarz gauge-fixed string action describing worldsheet fluctuations about the minimal surface holographically dual to the null cusp Wilson loop, useful to evaluate the cusp anomaly of N = 4 super Yang-Mills (sYM). We comment on discretization, numerical explorations and challenges for the non-perturbative study of this benchmark model of gauge-fixed worldsheet actions.
description: Invited review to be published on European Physics Journal - Special Topics, 24 pages, 1 figure
Characterization of mechanisms involved in transrepression of NF-kappa B by activated glucocorticoid receptors.
Creators: name: Cidlowski, J A
name: Gualberto, A
name: Baldwin, A S
name: Scheinman, R I
name: Jewell, C M
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1995

description: Glucocorticoids are potent immunosuppressants which work in part by inhibiting cytokine gene transcription. We show here that NF-kappa B, an important regulator of numerous cytokine genes, is functionally inhibited by the synthetic glucocorticoid dexamethasone (DEX). In transfection experiments, DEX treatment in the presence of cotransfected glucocorticoid receptor (GR) inhibits NF-kappa B p65-mediated gene expression and p65 inhibits GR activation of a glucocorticoid response element. Evidence is presented for a direct interaction between GR and the NF-kappa B subunits p65 and p50. In addition, we demonstrate that the ability of p65, p50, and c-rel subunits to bind DNA is inhibited by DEX and GR. In HeLa cells, DEX activation of endogenous GR is sufficient to block tumor necrosis factor alpha or interleukin 1 activation of NF-kappa B at the levels of both DNA binding and transcriptional activation. DEX treatment of HeLa cells also results in a significant loss of nuclear p65 and a slight increase in cytoplasmic p65. These data reveal a second mechanism by which NF-kappa B activity may be regulated by DEX. We also report that RU486 treatment of wild-type GR and DEX treatment of a transactivation mutant of GR each can significantly inhibit p65 activity. In addition, we found that the zinc finger domain of GR is necessary for the inhibition of p65. This domain is also required for GR repression of AP-1. Surprisingly, while both AP-1 and NF-kappa B can be inhibited by activated GR, synergistic NF-kappa B/AP-1 activity is largely unaffected. These data suggest that NF-kappa B, AP-1, and GR interact in a complex regulatory network to modulate gene expression and that cross-coupling of NF-kappa B and GR plays an important role in glucocorticoid-mediated repression of cytokine transcription.
L’accompagnement infirmier chez des patients atteints de psychose en milieu psychiatrique
Creators: name: Dzelili-Isljami, Sptime
name: Gaillard, Anaïs
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 0
Subjects: subject: Psychose
subject: Psychiatrie
subject: Accompagnement
subject: Rôle infirmier
subject: Recherche scientifique - sciences infirmières
subject: Revue de littérature

description: La discipline infirmière entretient des représentations négatives des maladies mentales. C’est un sujet qui reste tabou malgré l’augmentation des cas psychiatriques, un domaine fluctuant surtout par rapport aux diagnostics qui ne sont pas aussi concrets qu’en milieu somatique. De ce fait, les interventions infirmières sont difficiles à effectuer car elles sont souvent très globales et peu centrées sur le patient. Effectivement, l’accompagnement infirmier fait partie de la prise en charge des patients et doit être adapté à chacun, ce qui le rend complexe. D’après les résultats obtenus, l’accompagnement infirmier est sujet de recherche constant car il comprend plusieurs aspects essentiels de la prise en charge des patients. En effet, il existe différentes interventions concrètes et applicables qui sont validées scientifiquement. Cela donne aux professionnels des pistes de réflexion leurs permettant d’offrir un accompagnement de qualité.
Meiosis-specific double-strand DNA breaks at the HIS4 recombination hot spot in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae: control in cis and trans.
Creators: name: Xu, F
name: Fan, Q
name: Petes, T D
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1995

description: The region of Saccharomyces cerevisiae chromosome III located between the 5' end of the HIS4 gene and the 3' end of the adjacent BIK1 gene has a very high level of meiotic recombination. In wild-type strains, a meiosis-specific double-strand DNA break occurs in the hot spot region. This break is absent in strains in which the transcription factors Rap1p, Bas1p, and Bas2p cannot bind to the region upstream of HIS4. In strains with levels of recombination that are higher than those of the wild type, the break is found at elevated levels. The linear relationship between hot spot activity and the frequency of double-strand DNA breaks suggests that these lesions are responsible for initiating recombination at the HIS4 recombination hot spot.
Cuckoo Search: Recent Advances and Applications
Creators: name: Yang, Xin-She
name: Deb, Suash
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 90-XX

description: Cuckoo search (CS) is a relatively new algorithm, developed by Yang and Deb in 2009, and CS is efficient in solving global optimization problems. In this paper, we review the fundamental ideas of cuckoo search and the latest developments as well as its applications. We analyze the algorithm and gain insight into its search mechanisms and find out why it is efficient. We also discuss the essence of algorithms and its link to self-organizing systems, and finally we propose some important topics for further research.
description: 9 pages
title: La démarche de l’infirmière scolaire auprès d’adolescents vivant avec une surcharge pondérale
title: une pratique basée sur l’empowerment
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Dunand, Virginie
name: Merçay, Colomban
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 0
Subjects: subject: Infirmière scolaire
subject: Obésité
subject: Comportement alimentaire
subject: Santé scolaire
subject: Thérapie comportementale
subject: Empowerment
subject: Recherche scientifique - sciences infrimières
subject: Revue de littérature

description: Grâce à huit études analysées, les auteurs ont pu établir un lien entre la surcharge pondérale et les difficultés psychosociales rencontrées par les adolescents atteints d’obésité ou de surpoids. Ces difficultés rendent la prise en charge des adolescents plus complexe pour les infirmières scolaires. Les études prouvent qu’une approche favorisant l’empowerment des adolescents pourrait à court et à long terme avoir des impacts positifs non seulement sur la prévalence de l’obésité et du surpoids, mais aussi sur l’état psychosocial de ces jeunes. La santé scolaire est encore peu représentée dans les recherches scientifiques. Cependant, les articles de recherche commencent à émerger sur le sujet. Il s’agit d’un long processus qui évolue au vu de l’augmentation du nombre de personnes en surpoids ou obèses dans le monde. Dès lors, il faut former les infirmières aux pratiques qui favoriseraient l’empowerment et un changement de comportement chez l’adolescent, à savoir l’entretien motivationnel et la thérapie cognitivo-comportementaliste. Le rôle de l’infirmière scolaire pour réduire l’obésité et, dans un premier temps, de favoriser un environnement dans lequel les adolescents se sentent au mieux, sachant qu’un environnement stigmatisant réduit l’estime de soi et les chances de réussir une perte de poids. Dans un deuxième temps, il faudra trouver des stratégies pour les encourager à acquérir une certaine autonomie. Pour cela, il faut mettre en avant les connaissances, les compétences et les ressources de l’adolescent pour qu’il puisse lui-même devenir son propre thérapeute, et être ainsi en situation d’empowerment.
The network signature of constellation line figures
Creators: name: Bucur, Doina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In traditional astronomies across the world, groups of stars in the night sky were linked into constellations -- symbolic representations rich in meaning and with practical roles. In some sky cultures, constellations are represented as line (or connect-the-dot) figures, which are spatial networks drawn over the fixed background of stars. We analyse 1802 line figures from 56 sky cultures spanning all continents, in terms of their network, spatial, and brightness features, and ask what associations exist between these visual features and culture type or sky region. First, an embedded map of constellations is learnt, to show clusters of line figures. We then form the network of constellations (as linked by their similarity), to study how similar cultures are by computing their assortativity (or homophily) over the network. Finally, we measure the diversity (or entropy) index for the set of constellations drawn per sky region. Our results show distinct types of line figures, and that many folk astronomies with oral traditions have widespread similarities in constellation design, which do not align with cultural ancestry. In a minority of sky regions, certain line designs appear universal, but this is not the norm: in the majority of sky regions, the line geometries are diverse.
description: Data repository: https://github.com/doinab/constellation-lines (in progress)