cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Thermodynamics for spatially inhomogeneous magnetization and Young-Gibbs measures
Creators: name: Montino, A.
name: Soprano-Loto, N.
name: Tsagkarogiannis, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive thermodynamic functionals for spatially inhomogeneous magnetization on a torus in the context of an Ising spin lattice model. We calculate the corresponding free energy and pressure (by applying an appropriate external field using a quadratic Kac potential) and show that they are related via a modified Legendre transform. The local properties of the infinite volume Gibbs measure, related to whether a macroscopic configuration is realized as a homogeneous state or as a mixture of pure states, are also studied by constructing the corresponding Young-Gibbs measures.
Music, mind, mood, and mingling in Alzheimer's disease and related dementias: a scoping review
Creators: name: Colverson, Aaron
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medical Humanities
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences

description: Music is interwoven into the autobiographical milieu of people’s lives. Music may elicit vivid recollections of people, feelings, actions, and associated events. For older individuals undergoing neurodegenerative changes, music may offer a connection to memories and cognitive states that allow for better functioning in that moment. That connection may be an important tool fostering the completion of critical activities of daily living, particularly social interaction. There is some qualitative and quantitative evidence that music may improve both mood states and prosocial behaviors in people with neurodegenerative disease, which can contribute to comfortable and effective communication with caregivers. In this evidence synthesis, a scoping review methodology is employed to map research pertaining to interactions between music-evoked autobiographical memory-recall, shifts in mood, and prosocial behaviors. The review’s research question is: what does the evidence base suggest toward how music therapy or music-based therapeutic interventions might promote prosocial interactions between individuals living with dementia and their caregivers?
title: Challenge in the Treatment of Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Creators: name: Mourad, Amr
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: Liver
subject: Interventional vascular
subject: CT
subject: Digital radiography
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Ablation procedures
subject: Chemoembolisation
subject: Treatment effects
subject: Aneurysms
subject: Cirrhosis
subject: Radiation oncology in Developing Nations

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy and survival of transarterial chemoembolization (TACE), radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and combined therapy, and comparing the three modalities on matched patients...
Tiling strategies for optical follow-up of gravitational wave triggers by wide field of view telescopes
Creators: name: Ghosh, Shaon
name: Bloemen, Steven
name: Nelemans, Gijs
name: Groot, Paul J.
name: Price, Larry R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Binary neutron stars are among the most promising candidates for joint gravitational-wave and electromagnetic astronomy. The goal of this work is to investigate the strategy of using gravitational wave sky-localizations for binary neutron star systems, to search for electromagnetic counterparts using wide field of view optical telescopes. We examine various strategies of scanning the gravitational wave sky-localizations on the mock 2015-16 gravitational-wave events. We propose an optimal tiling-strategy that would ensure the most economical coverage of the gravitational wave sky-localization, while keeping in mind the realistic constrains of transient optical astronomy. Our analysis reveals that the proposed tiling strategy improves the sky-localization coverage over naive contour-covering method. The improvement is more significant for observations conducted using larger field of view telescopes, or for observations conducted over smaller confidence interval of gravitational wave sky-localization probability distribution. Next, we investigate the performance of the tiling strategy for telescope arrays and compare their performance against monolithic giant field of view telescopes. We observed that distributing the field of view of the telescopes into arrays of multiple telescopes significantly improves the coverage efficiency by as much as 50% over a single large FOV telescope in 2016 localizations while scanning around 100 sq. degrees. Finally, we studied the ability of optical counterpart detection by various types of telescopes. In Our analysis for a range of wide field-of-view telescopes we found improvement in detection upon sacrificing coverage of localization in order to achieve greater observation depth for very large field-of-view - small aperture telescopes, especially if the intrinsic brightness of the optical counterparts are weak.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A. 10 pages, 10 figures
Reforms for Another Planet: The Global Learning Crisis, Political Drivers and Expert Views on Egypt’s Edu 2.0
Creators: name: Admin, RISE
name: Sobhy, Hania
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2023
Subjects: Education systems not elsewhere classified
Other education not elsewhere classified
Political economy and social change

description: This paper underlines the necessity of greater differentiation in the characterization of the causes and responses to the global learning crisis and addresses the political drivers of education policy-making over the past two decades, providing novel analysis of the learning crisis in Egypt and surveying expert views on the recently adopted education reforms (Edu 2.0).
Utilizing Public Risk Perception to Improve Siting Strategies for Medical Waste Incinerators
Creators: name: West, Linda Keener
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1992

description: A telephone survey was conducted in a community facing a proposed medical waste incinerator (Hall County, Georgia) to identify concerns that shape the overall opinion toward the facility. The results indicate Hall County respondents: 1) acknowledge the need for a facility in Georgia, but oppose one for Hall County; 2) perceive that the newspaper is the main source of information about the plant, is primarily unbiased and has more influence on their opinion; 3) have not been previously involved in public meetings but believe they can influence private industry; 4) are concerned about potential health, aesthetic, economic, and environmental effects, including proper transportation of untreated medical waste and adequate operation and inspections of the plant; 5) believe environmental groups are more credible than other officials involved in the siting process; 6) recognize components and generators of medical waste; 7) oppose compensation; 8) believe the state should first reduce waste; and 9) are aware of possible consequences of not building a treatment facility. Involving the public early in the siting process through increased education/communication, using the media to increase the public's knowledge about medical waste treatment technologies and risks, enforcing environmental regulations, and funding ideas on reduction/reuse of medical waste will help to foster credibility of the siting process and those involved and will help facilitate the siting process.
Initial Elevation Bias
Creators: name: Anvari, Farid
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Industrial and Organizational Psychology
subject: Econometrics
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Personality and Social Contexts
subject: Social Psychology
subject: Economics
subject: Political Science
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: This study has two main aims. First, it's designed to examine a potential mechanism behind the initial elevation bias; namely, whether the elevation bias is caused by changes in how people feel between the first and second time they take a survey. Second, the study is designed to examine the breadth of the impact of the initial elevation bias. Measures of affective well-being, personality, and satisfaction with political leadership are included.
title: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCFs): Improvement of pulmonary function after percutaneous vertebroplasty.
Creators: name: Taglieri, Amedeo
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Lung
subject: Musculoskeletal spine
subject: Interventional non-vascular
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: Vertebroplasty
subject: Outcomes

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Osteoporosis represent a significant cause of morbidity and mortality which is becoming increasingly prevalent with the aging of the population [1, 2]. Vertebral Compression Fractures (VCFs) are the most common fractures associated to...
The transfer matrix approach to circular graphene quantum dots
Creators: name: Nguyen, H. Chau
name: Nguyen, Nhung T. T.
name: Nguyen, V. Lien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We adapt the transfer matrix ($\T$-matrix) method originally designed for one-dimensional quantum mechanical problems to solve the circularly symmetric two-dimensional problem of graphene quantum dots. In similarity to one-dimensional problems, we show that the generalized $\T$-matrix contains rich information about the physical properties of these quantum dots. In particular, it is shown that the spectral equations for bound states as well as quasi-bound states of a circular graphene quantum dot and related quantities such as the local density of states and the scattering coefficients are all expressed exactly in terms of the $\T$-matrix for the radial confinement potential. As an example, we use the developed formalism to analyse physical aspects of a graphene quantum dot induced by a trapezoidal radial potential. Among the obtained results, it is in particular suggested that the thermal fluctuations and electrostatic disorders may appear as an obstacle to controlling the valley polarization of Dirac electrons.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures, comments are welcome
The Price Isn't Right: Shareholder Proposals as Opportunities for Institutional Investors to Restore Firm Value and Reduce Pharmaceutical Prices
Creators: Goeman, Carly J.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law
subject: Drugs--Prices
subject: Stockholders--Moral and ethical aspects
subject: Pharmaceutical industry
subject: Price regulation

description: Surging pharmaceutical prices in the United States create financial strain for patients, insurance companies, and state and federal governments. Regulatory delays and coverage denials due to product prices can also affect shareholders of pharmaceutical companies by depressing stock prices. While a number of industry leaders have acknowledged that dramatic price hikes can damage their businesses, many pharmaceutical companies have not demonstrated a willingness to scale back prices. This Note considers the use of shareholder proposals to address drug pricing policies at the company level. While shareholders of most companies are generally unable to address pricing policies, a carve-out created by the Securities and Exchange Commission allows shareholders of publicly traded pharmaceutical companies to do so. This Note studies how shareholders can use the carve-out to push for price restraint by either causing a company to include a price restraint proposal in its proxy materials and annual meeting or causing management to negotiate with proponent shareholders in order to convince the shareholders to withdraw their proposals. By evaluating the success of prior attempts to impact drug prices through shareholder proposals, this Note concludes that institutional investors are the linchpin of shareholder success, whether that success is through a vote at the annual meeting or a compromise at the negotiation table. This Note therefore calls on institutional investors to evaluate their portfolios and consider using shareholder proposals to unlock firm value and relieve the financial pressure created by rapidly rising drug prices.
Exact diagonalization of quantum lattice models on coprocessors
Creators: name: Siro, Topi
name: Harju, Ari
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mathematical Software (cs.MS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We implement the Lanczos algorithm on an Intel Xeon Phi coprocessor and compare its performance to a multi-core Intel Xeon CPU and an NVIDIA graphics processor. The Xeon and the Xeon Phi are parallelized with OpenMP and the graphics processor is programmed with CUDA. The performance is evaluated by measuring the execution time of a single step in the Lanczos algorithm. We study two quantum lattice models with different particle numbers, and conclude that for small systems, the multi-core CPU is the fastest platform, while for large systems, the graphics processor is the clear winner, reaching speedups of up to 7.6 compared to the CPU. The Xeon Phi outperforms the CPU with sufficiently large particle number, reaching a speedup of 2.5.
Influence of Genetic Variance on an Occupational Exposure Assessment Model of 1,6-Hexamethylene Diisocyanate
Creators: name: Sun, Kathie
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Significant differences in systemic response to xenobiotic exposure result from inter-individual genetic variation, but this variation is not included as a predictor of outcome in exposure assessment models. We developed an approach to investigate and identify individual differences in genetic variation that influence biomarkers of exposure levels. 1,6-Hexamethylene diamine (HDA) was measured in collected samples of blood and urine as a quantitative biological phenotype in a well-characterized population of 33 automotive spray painters exposed to 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI). Our statistical modeling approach contains whole-genome markers along with exposure predictors to determine the contribution of individual genetic variants and their interactions to the observed biomarker levels among the exposed workers. A total of 25 single nucleotide polymorphisms were significantly associated with measured HDA biomarker levels in urine and blood after controlling for multiple comparisons at a false discovery rate q<0.20. The genetic marker most associated with urine biomarker levels, rs169, was also a significant predictor in linear mixed-effects models that accounted for personal HDI exposure across multiple visits per worker (p<0.05). Our results indicate that the incorporation of genetic markers informs exposure assessment models for HDI.
title: Preliminary clinical experience with a dedicated robotic system for CT-guided biopsies of thoracic and abdominal lesions
Creators: name: Argirò, Renato
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Interventional non-vascular
subject: Lung
subject: Abdomen
subject: CT
subject: Percutaneous
subject: Experimental
subject: Biopsy
subject: Sampling
subject: Technical aspects
subject: Cancer
subject: Image verification
subject: Neoplasia

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: CT-guided lung biopsy is the procedure of choice to obtain diagnosis in patients with pulmonary lesions suspicious for malignancy at imaging [1-3]. Following the recent advances in targeted therapies, biopsy of unresectable lung lesions may also be...
Additional file 3 of Identification of treatment elements for adolescents with callous unemotional traits: a systematic narrative review
Creators: name: Waaler, Pamela M.
name: Bergseth, Josefine
name: Vaskinn, Linda
name: Espenes, Kristin
name: Holtan, Thale
name: Kjøbli, John
name: Bjørnebekk, Gunnar
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 3
title: Clinical efficacy ofGd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI in transcatheter arterial chemoembolization for hepatocellular carcinoma
Creators: name: Ushijima, Yasuhiro
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cancer
subject: Chemoembolisation
subject: Catheters
subject: MR
subject: Liver
subject: Interventional vascular
subject: Abdomen

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Gd -EOB-DTPA-enhanced MRI (EOB-MRI) Gd-EOB-DTPA (gadolinium ethoxy- benzyl diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid) Liver-speciﬁc contrast agent that is taken up specifically by hepatocytes Also provides information about vascularity EOB-MRI improves...
The Political Economy of Regulation: Chile’s Educational Reforms since the Return of Democracy
Creators: name: Admin, RISE
name: González, Pablo
name: Fernández-Vergar, Andrés E.
name: Rojas, Gemma
name: Vilugrón, Luis
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2023
Subjects: Education systems not elsewhere classified
Other education not elsewhere classified
Political economy and social change

description: This paper analyses three key political economy issues in Chile after the return of democracy in 1990: the prioritisation of learning; teacher's career and evaluation (intimately linked in the case of Chile); and quality assurance.
Characterization of the Mutagenicity Formed during the Reaction of Monochloramine and Fulvic Acid
Creators: name: Cozzie, David
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1990

description: Monochloramine has been recommended as an alternative disinfectant to chlorine to aid in reducing production of THMs. This study sought to develop an effective protocol for recovery of mutagenic by-products from chloramination of fulvic acid solutions and then to characterize the mutagens present. Three methods of recovery were used: resin adsorption, lyophilization, and liquid-liquid extraction. Liquid-liquid extraction at low pH (pH=2) proved to be the most effective method of recovery. The total activity was 19% of that formed by chlorination of humic materials. The mutagens formed were direct-acting in nature and induced base-pair substitutions. Glutathione greatly reduced the activity present. BSA had a limited effect. HPLC fractionations to separate the compounds showed the most mutagenic activity to be in the most polar fraction. Efforts to determine the presence of the strong mutagen MX showed MX could account for as much as one-third of the total mutagenic activity formed by the reaction of monochloramine and fulvic acid.
Ideological Intuition, Issue Constraint, and Dimensionality
Creators: name: Warncke, Philip
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences

description: This preregistration document summarizes the planned research procedures for three related projects related to ideological intuition research. As each of these projects relies on data from the same experimental study, this document collectively outlines the planned data collection, analysis, and reporting of results for all three projects. Data-collection procedures which apply to all projects appear in the beginning of this document, while project-specific information are listed under separate headlines.
Gravito-inertial waves in a differentially rotating spherical shell
Creators: name: Mirouh, Giovanni M.
name: Baruteau, Clément
name: Rieutord, Michel
name: Ballot, Jérôme
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The gravito-inertial waves propagating over a shellular baroclinic flow inside a rotating spherical shell are analysed using the Boussinesq approximation. The wave properties are examined by computing paths of characteristics in the non-dissipative limit, and by solving the full dissipative eigenvalue problem using a high-resolution spectral method. Gravito-inertial waves are found to obey a mixed-type second-order operator and to be often focused around short-period attractors of characteristics or trapped in a wedge formed by turning surfaces and boundaries. We also find eigenmodes that show a weak dependence with respect to viscosity and heat diffusion just like truly regular modes. Some axisymmetric modes are found unstable and likely destabilized by baroclinic instabilities. Similarly, some non-axisymmetric modes that meet a critical layer (or corotation resonance) can turn unstable at sufficiently low diffusivities. In all cases, the instability is driven by the differential rotation. For many modes of the spectrum, neat power laws are found for the dependence of the damping rates with diffusion coefficients, but the theoretical explanation for the exponent values remains elusive in general. The eigenvalue spectrum turns out to be very rich and complex, which lets us suppose an even richer and more complex spectrum for rotating stars or planets that own a differential rotation driven by baroclinicity.
description: 33 pages, 14 figures, accepted for publication in Journal of Fluid Mechanics
Influence of Land Use and Storm Events on Dissolved Organic Matter Quantity and Quality in the Jordan Lake Watershed
Creators: name: Wang, Angela T.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Urbanization of inland watersheds is occurring at faster rate in the Southeastern United States compared to the national average. The integrated response of surface waters to changes in their catchments over time is poorly understood. Given that terrestrially-derived dissolved organic matter (DOM) plays numerous roles in biogeochemical processes important for water quality, DOM represents a terrestrial-aquatic linkage that is particularly susceptible to changes in watershed land use. Thus, this study examined spatial and temporal patterns in DOM quantity and quality across 15 streams throughout the rapidly urbanizing Jordan Lake watershed. Samples from each stream were collected bimonthly under dry weather conditions and four times during each of three storm events. Along with analysis of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations, absorbance and fluorescence spectroscopy with parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC) were used to characterize the quantity and chemical quality of the DOM in streams covering a gradient of land use attributes. Dry-weather patterns in DOM quantity and quality showed considerable seasonal variation, and water temperature was found to be positively correlated with the amount of fluorescent DOM. Generally, measures of the chemical quality of DOM in this watershed suggested increased importance of authochthonously produced carbon relative to terrestrial sources, particularly in comparison to streams draining less developed forested catchments. Storm events increased DOC concentrations in streams, and altered the chemical composition of DOM in streams. The response of stream DOM to storm water inputs varied by land use, with the largest changes in DOM occurring in streams characterized by the greatest amounts of impervious surfaces in their watersheds. DOC concentrations and DOM quality during storm events were found to be significantly, positively correlated with levels of fecal indicator bacteria, highlighting the need for further study of the potential relationships between land use, DOM source and chemical composition, and water quality.
title: Mechanical thrombectomy with stent retriever in acute ischemic stroke: first results.
Creators: name: Voormolen, Maurits
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: Interventional vascular
subject: Catheter arteriography
subject: Thrombolysis
subject: Ischaemia / Infarction
subject: Embolism / Thrombosis

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Evaluation of endovascular mechanical thrombectomy stent retriever results in patients with acute ischemic...
Additional file 2 of Identification of treatment elements for adolescents with callous unemotional traits: a systematic narrative review
Creators: name: Waaler, Pamela M.
name: Bergseth, Josefine
name: Vaskinn, Linda
name: Espenes, Kristin
name: Holtan, Thale
name: Kjøbli, John
name: Bjørnebekk, Gunnar
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 2
title: Preoperative endovascular treatment of cerebral arteriovenous malformations.
Creators: name: Voormolen, Maurits
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Interventional vascular
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: Vascular
subject: Catheter arteriography
subject: Embolisation
subject: Arteriovenous malformations

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Evaluation of endovascular treatment of cerebral arteriovenous malformations (cAVMs) prior to surgical...
The Politics of Improving Learning Outcomes in South Africa
Creators: name: Admin, RISE
name: Gustafsson, Martin
name: Taylor, Nick
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2023
Subjects: Education systems not elsewhere classified
Other education not elsewhere classified
Political economy and social change

description: This paper examines the political economy and ideology, two important determinants of educational development, in the South African context, using an approach which is in part dialogical, while paying special attention to the acquisition of foundational skills in the early grades.
Anemia and low cholesterol as potential risk factors In-hospital acute ischemic stroke case fatality
Creators: name: Florez, Silvia
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Diseases
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Cardiovascular Diseases

description: Introduction: Stroke is the leading cause of death among neurological diseases and the second leading cause of death after cardiovascular disease both globally as well as in Colombia. Multiple predictors of in-hospital mortality have been described in this population and recognizing this can reduce stroke-related death. Methodology: A one-center, retrospective, cross-sectional study was carried out between August 1st 2018 and August 1st 2019. Inclusion criteria were patients with acute ischemic stroke, who have clinical and neuroimaging criteria meeting the definition of stroke according to the WHO. Quantitative variables were summarized as medians and interquartile ranges, and bivariate analysis was used to evaluate associations with in-hospital stroke case fatality after admission to the neurology service. Results: 402 stroke patients were included: the median age was 73.28 years (±14.53) and 50.5% were men. The most prevalent vascular risks factors were hypertension (70.90%), diabetes mellitus type 2 (24.13%) and previous stroke (20.90%). There were 13 (3.2%) fatalities. Mean time from admission to death was 11.38 days (±10.8). Lower hemoglobin, total serum cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and HDL cholesterol levels, internal carotid artery stenosis >50% (p<0.01) and acute cerebral infarction by NIHSS score (>20) (p<0.0001) showed statistical significance with in-hospital case fatality in patients. Conclusions: NIHSS score, hemoglobin level, and cholesterol (total, LDL, HDL) levels upon admission may be used by clinicians to make the appropriate early transfer decisions to facilities with the capacity to offer advanced in-hospital stroke care.
title: Diagnostic Reference Levels and Complexity Indices in Interventional Radiology. A National Programme.
Creators: name: Vano, Eliseo
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quality assurance
subject: Dosimetric comparison
subject: Radiation safety
subject: Experimental investigations
subject: Audit and standards
subject: Fluoroscopy
subject: Digital radiography
subject: Catheter arteriography
subject: Radioprotection / Radiation dose
subject: Interventional vascular
subject: Interventional non-vascular

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: To analyze the impact of complexity indices when setting Diagnostic Reference Levels (DRLs) for interventional radiology, as recommended by the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP). To present the results of a survey in a...
Radiological Hazards Associated with Radon Progeny under Humid Conditions
Creators: name: Dolce, Kathleen Ann
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1988

description: The purpose of this project was to construct a radon exposure chamber and mimic a typical bathroom climate (relative humidity of 90%). This allowed us to compare doses delivered to the lungs from radon exposure under conditions of high humidity (ie. showers) to conditions of low humidity (relative humidity of 60%). Measurements of radon and radon progeny were performed. In addition, information on the state of attachment of progeny to aerosols was obtained for lung deposition modeling. To analyze the state of attachment of radon progeny, filter measurements analyzed by alpha spectroscopy were performed. Alpha scintillation cells were used to determine the unattached fraction. Unlike previous studies, this study simulated hot, humid shower conditions encountered In bathrooms. These measurements were used to calculate the dose equivalent delivered to the lungs of humans exposed to these conditions. These calculations utilized a mathematical model of lung deposition developed by Maher, Rudnick, and Moeller (Effective Removal of Airborne [222]Rn Decay Products Inside Buildings; Health Physics 1987). The results indicate that the risk from emanated radon is lower under conditions of high humidity than under conditions of low humidity.
Estimation of covariance matrix of macroscopic quantum states
Creators: name: Ruppert, László
name: Usenko, Vladyslav C.
name: Filip, Radim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For systems analogous to a linear harmonic oscillator, the simplest way to characterize the state is by a covariance matrix containing the symmetrically-ordered moments of operators analogous to position and momentum. We show that using Stokes-like detectors without direct access to either position or momentum, the estimation of the covariance matrix of a macroscopic signal is still possible using interference with a classical noisy and low-intensity reference. Such a detection technique will allow to estimate macroscopic quantum states of electromagnetic radiation without a coherent high-intensity local oscillator. It can be directly applied to estimate the covariance matrix of macroscopically bright squeezed states of light.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures
Tracing the $s_\pm$-symmetry in iron pnictides by controlled disorder
Creators: name: Schilling, Micha Benjamin
name: Baumgartner, Andreas
name: Gorshunov, Boris
name: Zhukova, Elena
name: Dravin, Valery
name: Mitsen, Kiril
name: Efremov, Dmitri
name: Dolgov, Oleg
name: Iida, Kazumasa
name: Dressel, Martin
name: Zapf, Sina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Consecutive proton irradiation of iron pnictides reduces the superconducting transition temperature to decrease monotonically. Our systematic optical THz investigations of Ba(Fe$_{0.9}$Co$_{0.1}$)$_2$As$_2$ thin films reveal, however, that the low-energy superconducting gap is first suppressed, but recovers for higher irradiation doses. At the same time the decrease of the superfluid density with disorder comes to a halt. These observations are in excellent agreement with theoretical calculations, which predict a disorder-induced transition of the order parameter from $s_{\pm}$ to $s_{++}$ symmetry. Thereby we solve the longstanding puzzle of the iron pnictides gap symmetry in favor of $s_{\pm}$-symmetry and demonstrate THz spectroscopy as a tool to determine the symmetry of the superconducting order parameter.
Evaluation of Bromine for Disinfection of Drinking Water
Creators: name: Kim, John
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Conventional water treatment practices utilizing chemical disinfection, primarily chlorination, are considered generally effective in producing microbiologically safe drinking water. However, some pathogens, such as oocysts of the protozoan Cryptosporidium parvum, are very resistant to chlorine, which has led to consideration of alternative disinfectants for its control. The objective of this study was to compare the efficacies of free chlorine and bromine in the disinfection of MS-2 coliphages, Bacillus atrophaeus spores, and Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts; and to investigate suitable models for the kinetics of inactivation of these microorganisms. The halogens were dosed separately at 5 mg/L to batch reactors seeded with the microorganisms in phosphate buffered (pH 7.5, a normally-occurring pH) halogen-demand free water. Experimental waters were held at 25°C and sampled periodically for up to 1000 minutes. Disinfection efficacy was evaluated by the reductions in culturable or infectious test organisms as determined by their respective microbial assays. Chlorine was a more efficacious disinfectant than bromine against MS-2 and Bacillus spores. MS-2 inactivation was rapid for both halogens and exhibited first-order inactivation kinetics; CT values to achieve 4 log10 reduction were <3.8 min*mg/L and 19 ± 2.5 min*mg/L for chlorine and bromine, respectively. Bacillus spore inactivation exhibited shouldering characteristics and was well-characterized by the Hom model (n=1,m>1). At a 5 mg/L dose, chlorine and bromine achieved 4 log¬10 reductions in spores at around 32 and 440 minutes, respectively. Chlorine treatment at 5 mg/L enhanced C. parvum oocyst infectivity. A two-fold increase in infectivity occurred within 5 minutes, but the rate of "activation" quickly declined thereafter. This trend was best described by the Hom model (n=1,m<1). Bromine treatment at 5 mg/L decreased oocyst infectivity. A 50% reduction was achieved quickly within 4 minutes, followed by a very slow increase in infectivity. The largest observed reduction was 84%. The data were best modeled by the One Hit-Two Population model, suggesting the presence of two oocyst populations with different levels of susceptibility to bromine. The research demonstrates that chlorine and bromine can each achieve greater than a 5-log10 reduction of MS-2 and Bacillus spores at a dose of 5 mg/L, although chlorine can achieve the same reductions in a shorter time period than bromine. Also, at 5 mg/L, neither chlorine nor bromine is an adequate disinfectant against C. parvum oocysts, although bromine does achieve limited disinfection.
title: Baastrup disease: a commonly overlooked cause of low back pain
Creators: name: Filippiadis, Dimitrios
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Pathology
subject: Inflammation
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: MR
subject: CT
subject: Musculoskeletal spine
subject: Interventional non-vascular

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To emphasize upon the inclusion of Baastrup disease in the list of potential causes of low back pain To illustrate the findings of Baastrup disease in CT and MR scans To describe potential therapeutic techniques for Baastrup...
An Efficient Multilinear Optimization Framework for Hypergraph Matching
Creators: name: Nguyen, Quynh
name: Tudisco, Francesco
name: Gautier, Antoine
name: Hein, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Hypergraph matching has recently become a popular approach for solving correspondence problems in computer vision as it allows to integrate higher-order geometric information. Hypergraph matching can be formulated as a third-order optimization problem subject to the assignment constraints which turns out to be NP-hard. In recent work, we have proposed an algorithm for hypergraph matching which first lifts the third-order problem to a fourth-order problem and then solves the fourth-order problem via optimization of the corresponding multilinear form. This leads to a tensor block coordinate ascent scheme which has the guarantee of providing monotonic ascent in the original matching score function and leads to state-of-the-art performance both in terms of achieved matching score and accuracy. In this paper we show that the lifting step to a fourth-order problem can be avoided yielding a third-order scheme with the same guarantees and performance but being two times faster. Moreover, we introduce a homotopy type method which further improves the performance.
description: accepted at IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence (PAMI) 2016
Construction supply chain management - Protocol 1
Creators: name: Krainer, Jefferson
name: krainer, christiane
name: Vidolin, Ana
name: Romano, Cezar
name: HAsse, Frank
name: Romanel, Fabiano
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Construction Engineering and Management
subject: Civil and Environmental Engineering
subject: Engineering

description: systematic literature review (scope review) in order to map research areas, point out relevant works and identify promising fields of study.
title: Usefulness of C-arm fluoroscopic cone beam CT during percutaneous drainage of abscess with poor accessibility
Creators: name: So, Young Ho
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Abscess
subject: Drainage
subject: Cone beam CT
subject: Interventional non-vascular

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: The objective of this study is to describe theusefulness of C-arm cone beam CT during percutaneous drainage of the abscess with poor...
Steady States and Stability of the Bistable Reaction-Diffusion Equation on Bounded Intervals
Creators: name: Couture, Chad
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2018
Subjects: reaction-diffusion equation
no-flux
steady states
no-flux boundary conditions
mixed boundary conditions
Dirichlet boundary conditions
stability

description: Reaction-diffusion equations have been used to study various phenomena across different fields. These equations can be posed on the whole real line, or on a subinterval, depending on the situation being studied. For finite intervals, we also impose diverse boundary conditions on the system. In the present thesis, we solely focus on the bistable reaction-diffusion equation while working on a bounded interval of the form $[0,L]$ ($L>0$). Furthermore, we consider both mixed and no-flux boundary conditions, where we extend the former to Dirichlet boundary conditions once our analysis of that system is complete. We first use phase-plane analysis to set up our initial investigation of both systems. This gives us an integral describing the transit time of orbits within the phase-plane. This allows us to determine the bifurcation diagram of both systems. We then transform the integral to ease numerical calculations. Finally, we determine the stability of the steady states of each system.
The Use of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons as Source Signatures in Receptor Modeling
Creators: name: Li, Cheng-Kang
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1990

description: The identification of combustion sources with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) source signatures in the chemical mass balance model (CMB) was examined in this study. Three combustion sources, residential wood combustion, gasoline and diesel vehicular emissions, were investigated. Source PAH emissions were characterized and each source emission was expressed as a source pattern with a specific concentration. A normalized concentration method which takes advantage of the pattern characteristic was developed to provide effective separation in two-source conditions. When PAH reactivity is introduced, a CMB model with a continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) decay factor (Friedlander 1981) was used for ambient samples. Reasonable predictions were obtained in two case studies in which PAH data exist and source receptor modeling was undertaken using other tracers.
Revisiting noninteracting string partition functions in Rindler space
Creators: name: Mertens, Thomas G.
name: Verschelde, Henri
name: Zakharov, Valentin I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit non-interacting string partition functions in Rindler space by summing over fields in the spectrum. In field theory, the total partition function splits in a natural way in a piece that does not contain surface terms and a piece consisting of solely the so-called edge states. For open strings, we illustrate that surface contributions to the higher spin fields correspond to open strings piercing the Rindler origin, unifying the higher spin surface contributions in string language. For closed strings, we demonstrate that the string partition function is not quite the same as the sum over the partition functions of the fields in the spectrum: an infinite overcounting is present for the latter. Next we study the partition functions obtained by excluding the surface terms. Using recent results of JHEP 1505 (2015) 106, this construction, first done by Emparan, can be put on much firmer ground. We generalize to type II and heterotic superstrings and demonstrate modular invariance. All of these exhibit an IR divergence that can be interpreted as a maximal acceleration close to the black hole horizon. Ultimately, since these partition functions are only part of the full story, divergences here should not be viewed as a failure of string theory: maximal acceleration is a feature of a faulty treatment of the higher spin fields in the string spectrum. We comment on the relevance of this to Solodukhin's recent proposal. A possible link with the firewall paradox is apparent.
description: 33 pages, v2: added several clarifications including a section on the difference between closed strings and the sum-of-fields approach, matches published version
title: The Complication of Hepatic Arterial Injuries after 839 Percutaneous Transhepatic Biliary Drainage in One Single Institute
Creators: name: Shiau, En-Li
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Interventional non-vascular
subject: Liver
subject: Interventional vascular
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Fluoroscopy
subject: Puncture
subject: Drainage
subject: Outcomes analysis
subject: Haemorrhage
subject: Outcomes

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage (PTBD) is an effective method for diversion of bile flow in the setting of either malignant biliary obstruction or benign causes such as biliary stricture, leakage or other entities. Hepatic arterial injury...
title: Evaluation Of Co-Axial Technique Safety By Adjusting The Angle Before Puncturing Pleura in Transthoracic Biopsies
Creators: name: Devu, Sridhar
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Interventional non-vascular
subject: CT
subject: Biopsy
subject: Outcomes

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: TO ESTABLISH THE RISK OF PNEUMOTHORAX ASSOCIATED WITH COAXIAL TECHNIQUE BY ADJUSTING THE ANGLE (AS PERPENDICULAR AS POSSIBLE) BEFORE PUNCTURING PLEURA IN TRANSTHORACIC BIOPSIES...
Hagedorn transition and topological entanglement entropy
Creators: name: Zuo, Fen
name: Gao, Yi-Hong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Induced by the Hagedorn instability, weakly-coupled $U(N)$ gauge theories on a compact manifold exhibit a confinement/deconfinement phase transition in the large-$N$ limit. Recently we discover that the thermal entropy of a free theory on $\mathbb{S}^3$ gets reduced by a universal constant term, $-N^2/4$, compared to that from completely deconfined colored states. This entropy deficit is due to the persistence of Gauss's law, and actually independent of the shape of the manifold. In this paper we show that this universal term can be identified as the topological entangle entropy both in the corresponding $4+1 D$ bulk theory and the dimensionally reduced theory. First, entanglement entropy in the bulk theory contains the so-called "particle" contribution on the entangling surface, which naturally gives rise to an area-law term. The topological term results from the Gauss's constraint of these surface states. Secondly, the high-temperature limit also defines a dimensionally reduced theory. We calculate the geometric entropy in the reduced theory explicitly, and find that it is given by the same constant term after subtracting the leading term of ${\mathcal O}(β^{-1})$. The two procedures are then applied to the confining phase, by extending the temperature to the complex plane. Generalizing the recently proposed $2D$ modular description to an arbitrary matter content, we show the leading local term is missing and no topological term could be definitely isolated. For the special case of ${\mathcal N}=4$ super Yang-Mills theory, the results obtained here are compared with that at strong coupling from the holographic derivation.
description: Relation between the thermal entropy and entanglement entropy clarified, employing the Bisognano-Wichmann theorem, journal version