cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Tailoring the Mechanical Properties of Metaluminous Aluminosilicate Glasses by Phosphate Incorporation
Creators: name: Grammes, Thilo
name: Limbach, René
name: Bruns, Sebastian
name: Wüllen, Leo van
name: Ligny, Dominique de
name: Kamitsos, Efstratios I.
name: Durst, Karsten
name: Wondraczek, Lothar
name: Brauer, Delia S.
Publisher: name: Frontiers Media
Year: 2024

description: The characterization of aluminosilicate glasses is highly relevant in geosciences and for engineering applications such as reinforcement fibers or touchscreen covers. The incorporation of phosphate as a third network-forming species into these glasses offers unique opportunities for fine-tuning glass properties via changes in glass structure and polymerization. In this work, we studied melt-quenched aluminosilicate glasses within the system SiO2-Al2O3-Na2O-P2O5 with 50–70 mol% SiO2 and up to 7.5 mol% P2O5. All glasses were metaluminous (Al:Na = 1) in order to maximize the degree of polymerization. Increasing the phosphate content at the expense of NaAlO2 led to reduced glass polymerization and density, resulting in a decrease in elastic moduli and hardness and an increase in strain-rate sensitivity. When increasing the silica content by substituting SiO4 for AlO4 tetrahedra, network polymerization remained mostly unchanged, as confirmed by nearly constant hardness. Densification upon indentation was analyzed by Raman spectroscopy and finite element analysis. We find that the elastic properties and hardness of metaluminous phospho-aluminosilicate glasses are governed by changes in density and network polymerization. Other mechanical properties underlie more complex changes in glass structure.
Propylea quatuordecimpunctata
Creators: name: POORANI, J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Coccinellidae
Propylea
Propylea quatuordecimpunctata

description: Propylea quatuordecimpunctata (Linnaeus)
(Fig. 180)
Coccinella 14— punctata Linnaeus, 1758: 366 (Type locality: Europe).
Propylea quatuordecimpunctata: Mulsant 1846: 152; Mader 1933: 253–262; Sasaji 1971: 264; Sasaji et al. 1975: 13–34; Poorani 2002a: 341.
Diagnosis. Length: 3.00 mm; width: 2.50 mm. Form elongate oval, dorsum moderately convex and glabrous. Ground colour pale creamy yellow, pronotum with 5–7 black maculae, often interconnected and forming a larger macula; elytra with the characteristic checkerboard or anchor-shaped pattern (Fig. 180a, b). Ventral side largely blackish, abdominal ventrites medially black and laterally yellowish. Abdominal postcoxal line (Fig. 180c) incomplete. Male genitalia (Fig. 180d–g) as illustrated.
Distribution. India: Appears to be confined to the colder parts of northwestern Indian Himalayas (Jammu & Kashmir; Uttarakhand); Pakistan; Bangladesh; Japan; China; Europe; North America.
Prey/associated habitat. Collected on peach and willow in Jammu & Kashmir (Kundoo 2019) and on custard apple in Pakistan (Hayat et al. 2017). Associated with powdery mildew infesting mulberry in Kashmir (Khan & Nighat 1991).
Seasonal occurrence. Found during June–July in Jammu & Kashmir (Kundoo 2019); August–September in Pakistan (Hayat et al. 2017).
Notes. Propylea quatuordecimpunctata is very similar in general appearance to P. japonica and its distribution in the Indian mainland appears to be restricted to the coldest parts of northwestern India (Jammu & Kashmir and Uttarakhand) and it is seldom collected in large numbers. See Ren et al. (2009) and Yu (2010) for more illustrations.
description: Published as part of POORANI, J., 2023, An illustrated guide to lady beetles (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) of the Indian Subcontinent. Part 1. Tribe Coccinellini, pp. 1-307 in Zootaxa 5332 (1) on page 251, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5332.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/8261502
Charge and spin density modulations in semiconductor quantum wires
Creators: name: Lee, Minchul
name: Bruder, Christoph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate static charge and spin density modulation patterns along a ferromagnet/semiconductor single junction quantum wire in the presence of spin-orbit coupling. Coherent scattering theory is used to calculate the charge and spin densities in the ballistic regime. The observed oscillatory behavior is explained in terms of the symmetry of the charge and spin distributions of eigenstates in the semiconductor quantum wire. Also, we discuss the condition that these charge and spin density oscillations can be observed experimentally.
description: 7 pages, 8 figures (low-resolution)
Comparing a best management practice scorecard with an auction metric to select proposals in a water quality tender
Creators: name: Rolfe, John
name: Windle, Jill
name: Rolfe, John
name: Windle, Jill
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: water quality tender
subject: auction metric
subject: best management practice
subject: input-based
subject: output-based
subject: Great Barrier Reef.

description: This report compares evaluation frameworks for selecting landholder proposals to improve water quality. A water quality tender performed in the Burdekin region in Northern Australia in 2007/2008 was used as a case study. Tender bids can be assessed using an inputs-based best management practice scorecard or an outputs-based auction metric. Where landholder proposals are rated by inputs-based criteria, the scorecard approach, and other variants of multi-criteria analysis are commonly applied. Output-based approaches are typically applied in water quality and conservation tenders. This approach uses an environmental benefits index to summarise the cost-effectiveness of each proposal. The case study evaluation reported in this paper shows how multi-criteria analysis-type assessments are flawed. It demonstrates how public funding efficiency can be more than doubled by using auction metrics to assess landholder water quality improvement proposals.
Perceptions of local communities on mangrove forests, their services and management: implications for Eco-DRR and blue carbon management for Eastern Samar, Philippines
Creators: name: Quevedo, Jay Mar D.
name: Uchiyama, Yuta
name: Kohsaka, Ryo
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: The mangrove ecosystems which provide diverse benefits to local communities are vulnerable to natural and human-induced threats. Existing policies and decision-makers in the Philippines are gearing towards the integration of physical, ecological, and social elements in managing these ecosystems. To date, the linkage between the policies and the direct beneficiaries (i.e. coastal communities) of the ecosystem services is, however, largely unexplored from local perspectives applying quantitative methodology. Thus, we conducted household surveys to the coastal villagers in Eastern Samar. By doing so, we provide basic information for the scientists and policymakers on the following elements of one the blue carbon ecosystems, mangroves; (1) resource utilization, (2) level of awareness on ecosystem services and existing management plans, and (3) perceptions on natural and anthropogenic threats. Results of the survey show that the utilization of mangrove ecosystem services is influenced by social demography and level of awareness of the locals. The trends of the locals’ utilization and perceptions on the diverse ecosystem services may provide evidence for their active involvement in protecting these resources. To enable more holistic and sustainable management, this study suggests the value of including coastal communities in contextualizing management plans, particularly for the areas often visited by natural hazards.
Valuing the control of red imported fire ants in Australia using choice modelling
Creators: name: Rolfe, John
name: Windle, Jill
name: Rolfe, John
name: Windle, Jill
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: invasive species
subject: red imported fire ants
subject: choice modelling experiments
subject: non-market valuation.

description: Invasive species create particular challenges for policy makers .Some deliberately introduced species contribute significantly to agricultural production and other purposes. However, many invasive weed and animal pests generate substantial costs through impacts on agricultural production, biodiversity, ecosystem services, infrastructure and communities. An aggressive ant species, the red imported fire ant was introduced by accident to Australia. Infestations were found in Brisbane in February 2001. Modelling suggested that the pest could invade half of Australia within 35 years if it were not controlled.). Control of the fire ant has reduced the rate of new discoveries but the ant was still not eradicated by 2009. The benefits of controlling red imported fire ants are largely non-use. These include avoiding health and environmental impacts as well as maintaining lifestyle and amenity values. In this report, these benefits are assessed using choice modelling, a non-market valuation technique.
title: Die systemabhängige Pumpgrenze einer Radialverdichterstufe: Bestimmung und Einflussgrößen
Creators: name: Haeckel, Tobias Maximilian
Publisher: name: UNSPECIFIED
Year: 2024

description: Die Aufladung von Verbrennungskraftmaschinen mithilfe von Abgasturboladern ist eine effektive Methode zur Reduzierung des Kraftstoffverbrauches. Die durch die Aufladung mögliche Reduzierung des Motorhubvolumens ist unter dem Begriff Downsizing bekannt geworden und hat in den vergangenen Jahren einen entscheidenden Beitrag zur Erreichung der ambitionierten Emissionsziele geleistet. Das Zusammenspiel der charakteristischen Arbeitsweise einer Verbrennungskraftmaschine und einer Turbomaschine impliziert jedoch einige herausfordernde Anforderungen an die Entwicklung von Radialverdichtern für Abgasturbolader. Ein Beispiel hierfür ist eine ausreichende Kennfeldbreite, welche bei kleinen Massenströmen durch die sogenannte Pumpgrenze limitiert wird. Zur Erreichung der geforderten Ziele tragen numerische Strömungssimulationen einen stetig steigenden Anteil bei. Mit der im industriellen Umfeld heute umsetzbaren Vorgehensweise der Simulationen ist jedoch die Bestimmung einer systemabhängigen Pumpgrenze bisher nicht möglich.
 
Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit wird eine Methodik zur Bestimmung einer systemabhängigen Pumpgrenze mithilfe stationärer Strömungssimulationen, wie sie im industriellen Kontext eingesetzt werden, vorgestellt. Die Möglichkeiten dieser Methodik werden durch eine Variation des Verdichtersystems und deren Einfluss auf die Pumpgrenze aufgezeigt. Mithilfe äquivalenter experimenteller Untersuchungen wird die Validität und Genauigkeit der modellbasierten Ergebnisse sichergestellt. Es wird deutlich, dass das verdichtersaugseitige System eine eminente Rolle bei der Bestimmung der Pumpgrenze spielen kann und somit zwingend bei der Bestimmung dieser berücksichtigt werden muss.
 
Neben dem Einfluss des Systems auf die Stabilität der Verdichterstufe konnte die analytische Modellierung des dynamischen Systemverhaltens genutzt werden, um den Einfluss einzelner Komponenten auf die Systemstabilität zu analysieren. Hierbei wird deutlich, dass der Kennlinienverlauf der Verdichterstufe eine wesentliche Rolle einnimmt. Vor allem das verlustbedingte Überrollen der Kennlinie, was typisch für Turboverdichter ist, beeinflusst die Stabilität entscheidend. Aus diesem Grund ist eine detaillierte Analyse der Strömung sowie der Entwicklung charakteristischer Strömungsphänomene ein zweiter wesentlicher Bestandteil dieser Arbeit. Hierdurch konnte der Einfluss der Rückströmung und der hiermit verbundenen Blockage des Strömungsquerschnitts auf den Totaldruckaufbau der Verdichterstufe sowie geometrische Parameter zur Optimierung aufgezeigt werden. Die Rückströmung stellt, wie oftmals angenommen, nicht nur einen parasitären Verlust dar, sondern kann in bestimmten Kennfeldbereichen die Strömung auch positiv beeinflussen.
Imagining Compromised Creativity: Art and Fear in Shostakovich Bio-Fiction
Creators: name: Schwalm, Helga
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Shostakovich
subject: life writing
subject: bio-fiction
subject: Soviet music
subject: Julian Barnes
subject: 890 Literaturen einzelner anderer Sprachen und Sprachfamilien

description: The life of the composer Dmitri Shostakovich features in several contemporary anglophone bio-fictions, both novels and film, raising the question of the larger implications of Shostakovich’s life in art today. In my paper, I aim to address how such Shostakovich bio-fictions reinvent the composer’s creative labour in the context of World War II, Stalinist and post-Stalinist politics. Shostakovich’s life as artist and man appears torn between fear of persecution, social commitment, and the claim of individual, aesthetic autonomy tied to a controversial degree of political dissent. In Western eyes, the Soviet composer thus epitomizes the transnational figure of the twentieth-century artist – compromised, yet achieving an expression of his personal voice, creating an emphatically modern art that is bound to its times and yet ultimately eludes both the dictates of politics and mimesis.
Comparing responses from web and paper-based collection modes in a choice modelling experiment
Creators: name: Windle, Jill
name: Rolfe, John
name: Windle, Jill
name: Rolfe, John
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: web-based surveys
subject: internet surveys
subject: paper-based surveys
subject: stated preference
subject: collection mode
subject: choice experiments.

description: To determine whether the collection mode affects sample characteristics and value estimates, paper-based (using drop-off/pick-up) and web-based (using an internet panel) modes were tested. The exercise elicited values from Brisbane respondents for future environmental improvement of the Great Barrier Reef. The total per survey cost of the paper-based survey was approximately $70 per survey. The survey took three months to complete. In contrast, the online survey cost approximately $15 per survey and took two weeks to complete. The results show there were no differences in gender, education and income levels between the two groups. In the internet group, however, there were more younger and fewer older people. A comparison of the respondents’ willingness to pay (WTP), as well as other model and behavioural indicators, does not indicate major differences between paper-based and web-based collection modes.
Protothea Weise
Creators: name: POORANI, J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Coccinellidae
Protothea

description: Genus Protothea Weise
Protothea Weise, 1898: 226.
Type species: Protothea firma Weise, by monotypy.
Nedina Hoang, 1983a: 150. Type species: Nedina flavescens Hoang, by original designation. Synonymized by Poorani & Ślipiński 2005: 329.
Diagnosis. Form short oval to almost circular, dorsum moderately convex and glabrous. Head without ventral antennal grooves. Antenna with terminal antennomere elongate oval. Prosternum with a large and prominent pyriform median process distinctly elevated from rest of prosternum and forming a chin piece, prosternal process with complete carinae, densely pubescent. Female genitalia with styli strongly reduced and barely visible.
Distribution. India, Myanmar, Vietnam.
Affinities. Tomaszewska et al. (2021) included it in the Coccinella- group of genera and recovered it as a sister group to a group of genera comprising Anegleis, Micraspis (Asian and Australian species), Xanthadalia, Declivittata and African and Malagasy species of Micraspis. Protothea comprises some of the smallest members of Coccinellini (Tomaszewska et al. 2021) and is readily separated from the other Coccinellinae of the Oriental Region by the unusual, characteristic structure of the prosternum, and the elongate terminal antennomere, the former character being unique and diagnostic. The large and pyriform process, on a visibly higher plane than the rest of the prosternum, is somewhat similar to that in the species of Pseudaspidimerus Kapur, 1948 (tribe Aspidimerini) and Propiptus Weise, 1901 (tribe Scymnini), but these genera have a densely pubescent dorsum and very short antennae. Poorani & Ślipiński (2005) synonymized Nedina Hoang with Protothea and the same nomenclatural act was later repeated by Kovář (2007).
Indian species. Two species, Protothea decemguttata (Hoang) and P. quadripunctata (Mulsant), are known from the northeastern region of India.
description: Published as part of POORANI, J., 2023, An illustrated guide to lady beetles (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) of the Indian Subcontinent. Part 1. Tribe Coccinellini, pp. 1-307 in Zootaxa 5332 (1) on pages 251-253, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5332.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/8261502
QCD Phenomenology of Static Sources
Creators: name: Bali, Gunnar S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the spectrum of open string and point particle excitations in QCD with various source representations. Some general relations are introduced and lattice results presented. In particular we discuss the short-distance behaviour, relate this to perturbation theory expectations and comment on the matching between low energy matrix elements and high energy Wilson coefficients, within the framework of effective field theories.
description: Invited Talk presented at LightCone 2004, 16-20 August 2004, Amsterdam, 10 pages
Nonlinear limiting dynamics of a shrinking interface in a Hele-Shaw cell
Creators: name: Zhao, Meng
name: Niroobakhsh, Zahra
name: Lowengrub, John
name: Li, Shuwang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The flow in a Hele-Shaw cell with a time-increasing gap poses a unique shrinking interface problem. When the upper plate of the cell is lifted perpendicularly at a prescribed speed, the exterior less viscous fluid penetrates the interior more viscous fluid, which generates complex, time-dependent interfacial patterns through the Saffman-Taylor instability. The pattern formation process sensitively depends on the lifting speed and is still not fully understood. For some lifting speeds, such as linear or exponential speed, the instability is transient and the interface eventually shrinks as a circle. However, linear stability analysis suggests there exist shape invariant shrinking patterns if the gap $b(t)$ is increased more rapidly: $\displaystyle b(t)=\left(1-\frac{7}{2}τ\mathcal{C} t\right)^{-{2}/{7}}$, where $τ$ is the surface tension and $\mathcal{C}$ is a function of the interface perturbation mode $k$. Here, we use a spectrally accurate boundary integral method together with an efficient time adaptive rescaling scheme, which for the first time makes it possible to explore the nonlinear limiting dynamical behavior of a vanishing interface. When the gap is increased at a constant rate, our numerical results quantitatively agree with experimental observations (Nase et al., Phys. Fluids, vol. 23, 2011, pp. 123101). When we use the shape invariant gap $b(t)$, our nonlinear results reveal the existence of $k$-fold dominant, one-dimensional, web-like networks, where the fractal dimension is reduced to almost one at late times. We conclude by constructing a morphology diagram for pattern selection that relates the dominant mode $k$ of the vanishing interface and the control parameter $\mathcal{C}$.
Phase noise mitigation by a realistic optical parametric oscillator
Creators: name: Notarnicola, Michele N.
name: Genoni, Marco G.
name: Cialdi, Simone
name: Paris, Matteo G. A.
name: Olivares, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We address the exploitation of an optical parametric oscillator (OPO) in the task of mitigating, at least partially, phase noise produced by phase diffusion. In particular, we analyze two scenarios where phase diffusion is typically present. The first one is the measurement of the phase of a noisy optical field, while the second involves a quantum estimation scheme of a phase shift imposed on a noisy probe. In both cases, we prove that an OPO may lead to a partial or full compensation of the noise.
description: 15 pages, 7 figures
Unicorn paths and hyperfiniteness for the mapping class group
Creators: name: Przytycki, Piotr
name: Sabok, Marcin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let S be an orientable surface of finite type. Using Pho-On's infinite unicorn paths, we prove the hyperfiniteness of orbit equivalence relations induced by the actions of the mapping class group of S on the Gromov boundaries of the arc graph and the curve graph of S. In the curve graph case, this strengthens the results of Hamenstädt and Kida that this action is universally amenable and that the mapping class group of S is exact.
description: 14 pages, 2 figures
Testing construct validity of verbal versus numerical measures of preference uncertainty in contingent valuation
Creators: name: Akter, Sonia
name: Bennett, Jeffrey W.
name: Akter, Sonia
name: Bennett, Jeffrey W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: preference uncertainty
subject: contingent valuation
subject: numerical certainty scale
subject: polychotomous choice method
subject: composite certainty scale
subject: climate change
subject: Australia.

description: The numerical certainty scale (NCS) and polychotomous choice (PC) methods are two widely used techniques for measuring preference uncertainty in contingent valuation (CV) studies. The NCS follows a numerical scale and the PC is based on a verbal scale. This report presents results of two experiments that use these preference uncertainty measurement techniques. The first experiment was designed to compare and contrast the uncertainty scores obtained from the NCS and the PC method. The second experiment was conducted to test a preference uncertainty measurement scale that combines verbal expressions with numerical and graphical interpretations: a composite certainty scale (CCS). The construct validity of the certainty scores obtained from these three techniques was tested by estimating three separate ordered probit regression models. The results of the study can be summarised in three key findings. First, the PC method generates a higher proportion of ‘yes’ responses than the conventional dichotomous choice elicitation format. Second, the CCS method generates a significantly higher proportion of certain responses than the NCS and the PC methods. Finally, the NCS method performs poorly in terms of construct validity. Overall, the verbal measures perform better than the numerical measure. The CCS is a promising method to measure preference uncertainty in CV studies. To better understand its strengths and weaknesses however, further empirical applications are needed.
Cyclic amp-dependent protein kinase : a potential target for actions of vanadium
Creators: name: Jelveh, Kioumars Ahmadreza
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Vanadium salts and organic complexes diminish or reverse many of the consequences of insulin deficiency and insulin resistance in vivo. It is widely assumed that the inhibition of protein tyrosine phosphatases can explain biological effects of vanadium; however, there is considerable evidence in vitro that vanadium can act significantly downstream from the protein tyrosine phosphorylation "level" of signal transduction. The aim of these studies was to focus on the ability of vanadium to inhibit hormone-sensitive triglyceride (TG) hydrolysis because this action is observed at rather low vanadium concentrations (typically 10-100 μM) and the mechanisms involved in the control of TG hydrolysis are well defined. Based on the balance of prior studies, this thesis focused on the possibility that cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) might be a viable target for inhibition by vanadium. These studies confirmed that PKA could be potently inhibited by vanadium. Due to the complexity of interactions between vanadate, vanadyl and reagents used in assay mixtures, it was essential to define the experimental conditions carefully to allow unambiguous characterization of the effects of vanadium. Following initial optimization of enzyme activity, PKA was found to be inhibited by high concentrations of vanadyl sulphate (VS) (IC₅₀ > 400 μM). However, PKA inhibition was seen at dramatically lower VS concentration (IC₅₀< 25 μM) when sequestration of vanadyl ions was minimized. Under these conditions, the true concentration of vanadyl was lower than the threshold for detection by EPR spectroscopy (~ 15 μM). The derived kinetic constants (Κ[sub i] values < 20 μM) must still be considered "apparent" values and the true affinity constant of vanadyl for PKA is probably even lower. The effective PKA inhibitor species is likely to be vanadyl because a range of divalent cation chelators abolished PKA inhibition by VS. Vanadyl was both a weak cofactor and a strong inhibitor of PKA, perhaps replicating the dual roles hypothesized for magnesium. From the results of EPR and kinetic studies, it was concluded that the vanadyl EPR signal is enhanced in the presence of glutathione at physiological pH. Significantly, the combination of reduced and oxidized glutathione (GSH and GSSG) was more effective than either form in maintaining the vanadyl EPR signal at pH 7-9. The most effective combination of GSH and GSSG observed in these studies is similar to that expected within mammalian cells. In conclusion, these studies provide evidence that PKA could be an important target for vanadyl action in vivo, the vanadyl being produced and stabilized through the actions of GSH and GSSG.
Mapping the Cosmic Web with the Sloan Digital Sky Survey
Creators: name: Vogeley, Michael S.
name: Hoyle, Fiona
name: Rojas, Randall R.
name: Goldberg, David M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Wide-angle, moderately deep redshift surveys such as that conducted as part of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) allow study of the relationship between the structural elements of the large-scale distribution of galaxies -- including groups, cluster, superclusters, and voids -- and the dependence of galaxy formation and evolution on these enviroments. We present a progress report on mapping efforts with the SDSS and discuss recently constructed catalogs of clusters, voids, and void galaxies, and evidence for a 420Mpc/h supercluster or ``Great Wall.'' Analysis of multi-band photometry and moderate-resolution spectroscopy from the SDSS reveals environmental dependence of the star formation history of galaxies that extends over more than a factor of 100 in density, from clusters all the way to the deep interiors of voids. On average, galaxies in the rarified environments of voids exhibit bluer colors, higher specific star formation rates, lower dust content, and more disk-like morphology than objects in denser regions. This trend persists in comparisons of samples in low vs. high-density regions with similar luminosity and morphology, thus this dependence is not simply an extension of the morphology-density relation. Large-scale modulation of the halo mass function and the temperature of the intergalactic medium might explain this dependence of galaxy evolution on the large-scale environment.
description: 7 pages, invited review to appear in Outskirts of Galaxy Clusters: intense life in the suburbs, Proceedings IAU COlloquium No. 195, 2004, A. Diaferio, ed
title: Attention modulates human visual responses to objects by tuning sharpening
Creators: name: Doostani, Narges
name: Hossein-Zadeh, Gholam-Ali
name: Cichy, Radoslaw M.
name: Vaziri-Pashkam, Maryam
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: object-based attention
subject: tuning sharpening
subject: target-distractor similarity
subject: fMRI
subject: MVPA
classificationCode: 150
subject: Psychologie

description: Visual stimuli compete with each other for cortical processing and attention biases this competition in favor of the attended stimulus. How does the relationship between the stimuli affect the strength of this attentional bias? Here, we used functional MRI to explore the effect of target-distractor similarity in neural representation on attentional modulation in the human visual cortex using univariate and multivariate pattern analyses. Using stimuli from four object categories (human bodies, cats, cars, and houses), we investigated attentional effects in the primary visual area V1, the object-selective regions LO and pFs, the body-selective region EBA, and the scene-selective region PPA. We demonstrated that the strength of the attentional bias toward the target is not fixed but decreases with increasing target-distractor similarity. Simulations provided evidence that this result pattern is explained by tuning sharpening rather than an increase in gain. Our findings provide a mechanistic explanation for the behavioral effects of target-distractor similarity on attentional biases and suggest tuning sharpening as the underlying mechanism in object-based attention.
Water Markets and Scarcity: Australia’s Murray Darling Basin and the US Southwest
Creators: name: Grafton, R. Quentin
name: Landry, Clay
name: Libecap, Gary D.
name: O’Brien, R.J. (Bob)
name: Grafton, R. Quentin
name: Landry, Clay
name: Libecap, Gary D.
name: O’Brien, R.J. (Bob)
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy
Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: Australia’s Murray-Darling Basin and south western United States share: (1) climate variability resulting in the need for large water storage investment; (2) the need for internal and cross-border (state) water management; (3) an historical over-allocation of water to irrigators; and (4) increasing competition between agricultural and urban demand and in situ environmental and recreational uses. The ability of water markets in these two regions to mitigate water scarcity is compared in this report. The evaluation suggests that on-going water market reform, along with processes to account for the public interest, can promote equity, environmental sustainability and economic efficiency.
Bootstrap Bounds on Closed Einstein Manifolds
Creators: name: Bonifacio, James
name: Hinterbichler, Kurt
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A compact Riemannian manifold is associated with geometric data given by the eigenvalues of various Laplacian operators on the manifold and the triple overlap integrals of the corresponding eigenmodes. This geometric data must satisfy certain consistency conditions that follow from associativity and the completeness of eigenmodes. We show that it is possible to obtain nontrivial bounds on the geometric data of closed Einstein manifolds by using semidefinite programming to study these consistency conditions, in analogy to the conformal bootstrap bounds on conformal field theories. These bootstrap bounds translate to constraints on the tree-level masses and cubic couplings of Kaluza-Klein modes in theories with compact extra dimensions. We show that in some cases the bounds are saturated by known manifolds.
description: 42 pages, 17 figures; v2: minor changes; v3: corrected the value of the smallest Lichnerowicz eigenvalue of transverse-traceless rank-2 tensors on $\mathbb{CP}^n$ with $n>2$
Integration of transcriptomic and proteomic approaches for snake venom profiling
Creators: name: Modahl, Cassandra M.
name: Saviola, Anthony J.
name: Mackessy, Stephen P.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Snake venoms contain many protein and peptide isoforms with high levels of sequence variation, even within a single species. In this review, we highlight several examples, from both published and unpublished work in our lab, demonstrating how a combined venom gland transcriptome and proteome methodology allows for comprehensive characterization of venoms, including those from understudied rear-fanged snake species, and we provide recommendations for using these approaches. When characterizing venoms, peptide mass fingerprinting using databases built predominately from protein sequences originating from model organisms can be disadvantageous, especially when the intention is to document protein diversity. Therefore, the use of species-specific venom gland transcriptomes corrects for the absence of these unique peptide sequences in databases. The integration of transcriptomics and proteomics improves the accuracy of either approach alone for venom profiling.
Additional Action Reserve: A proposed mechanism to facilitate additional voluntary and policy emission reductions efforts in emissions trading schemes
Creators: name: Twomey, Paul
name: Betz, Regina
name: MacGill, Iain
name: Passey, Robert
name: Twomey, Paul
name: Betz, Regina
name: MacGill, Iain
name: Passey, Robert
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy
Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: An additional action reserve (AAR) is proposed as a mechanism that allows government and voluntary private interests to make additional emission reductions beyond a national cap. A proportion of Australian emission units (AEUs) is set aside each year. The units can then be retired if state or local government, businesses or individuals take specific emission reduction measures that go beyond those expected from the Carbon Pollution Reduction Scheme (CPRS). AEUs allocated to the reserve that are not retired through additional activities would be made available to CPRS participants. By providing an upper bound to such actions, the scheme would limit uncertainty about how many permits are available for emitters. The scheme would also provide a limit to the potential losses of auctioning revenue from AEU retirements. Compared with some other additional options (such as buying-and-retiring of permits or future national cap reductions) the scheme combines an open process with favourable accounting features for tangible, psychologically satisfying actions (such as installing a home solar PV system). These actions assure participants there is an immediate reduction in national emissions. Elements of this approach have already been seen in the Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative (RGGI), an interstate emissions trading scheme that began in the United States in 2009.
title: Adsorption pathways of boron on clay and their implications for boron cycling on land and in the ocean
Creators: name: Ring, Simon J.
name: Henehan, Michael J.
name: Blukis, Roberts
name: Blanckenburg, Friedhelm Von
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Boron isotopes
subject: Clay
subject: Adsorption
subject: Surface complexation model
subject: Boron cycle
classificationCode: 550
subject: Geowissenschaften

description: Reversible adsorption and isotope fractionation of boron on the surface of clay minerals is a key process that impacts boron isotope cycling in porewater, rivers and the ocean. However, the differences in boron isotope fractionation factors between various clay minerals and their dependence on fluid chemistry are not well known. We performed two sets of experiments, using solutions of pure water with added boron and seawater, to explore the isotope behavior during adsorption of boron onto kaolinite, smectite and illite. We found that the amount of sorbed boron increases with ionic strength of solutions and is proportional to the cation exchange capacity of a given clay mineral. Maximum adsorption is observed in alkaline seawater, which we attribute to the efficient fixation of magnesium-borate ion pairs onto negatively charged surface sites. Isotopic fractionation is modestly different between clays and demonstrates that clay surfaces preferentially sorb borate, even when the concentration of borate in solution is low. In both pure water and seawater, adsorbed complexes retain the isotopic composition of their dissolved precursors (borate or boric acid) with minimal isotopic fractionation. In other words, isotopic composition of adsorbed boron is set by the ability of clays to adsorb boron from an already fractionated boron pool rather than specific fractionation associated with the complexation reaction. Our experimental results allow us to provide revised constraints on the adsorbed boron being transported in terrestrial fluids and the ocean.
title: Traversing the ancient Egyptian skies
title: Astronomy of Ancient Egypt: A Cultural Perspective. Edited by Juan Antonio Belmonte and José Lull (Springer, Cham, 2023). Pp. xxxviii + 588. $180. ISBN 9783031118289
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Winkler, Andreas
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Egyptian Astronomy
subject: Egyptian constellations
subject: archeoastronomy
classificationCode: 932
subject: Geschichte Ägyptens bis 640

description: Review of J. A. Belmonte and J. Loll (eds.), Astronomy of Ancient Egypt: A Cultural Perspective (Springer, Cham, 2023)
The Effects of a Provision Rule in Choice Modelling
Creators: name: Mazur, Kasia
name: Bennett, Jeffrey W.
name: Mazur, Kasia
name: Bennett, Jeffrey W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Choice modelling
subject: incentive comparability
subject: provision rule
subject: non-market valuation
subject: environment

description: This research report investigates the effects of including a provision rule in choice modelling non-market valuation studies. Split samples with and without a provision rule were used to test for differences in household willingness-to-pay for improvements in environmental quality in the Hawkesbury-Nepean catchment. Local/rural and distant/urban sub-samples of residents were selected. The results of the study show that the inclusion of a provision rule had an effect on preferences in the distant/urban communities; however, the impact of a provision rule in the local/rural community sub-samples was negligible.
RISKNI BOSHQARISH KORXONALARNI RIVOLANTIRISH OMILI SIFATIDA
Creators: name: Maxmudova, Nodiraxon
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Maqolada xo’jalik subyektlari faoliyatida duch kelayotgan risk tushunchasining zamonaviy nazariy talqini, mazmuni va uni ta’riflashdagi yondashuvlar yoritilgan. Tashkilotlardagi risk sabablari, ko’rinishlari va ularni boshqarishning afzalliklari ilmiy jihatdan asoslangan hamda risk funksiyalarining ijobiy jihatlari keltirib o’tilgan.
Characterizing Stage-Aware Writing Assistance in Collaborative Document Authoring
Creators: name: Sarrafzadeh, Bahareh
name: Jauhar, Sujay Kumar
name: Gamon, Michael
name: Lank, Edward
name: White, Ryen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Writing is a complex non-linear process that begins with a mental model of intent, and progresses through an outline of ideas, to words on paper (and their subsequent refinement). Despite past research in understanding writing, Web-scale consumer and enterprise collaborative digital writing environments are yet to greatly benefit from intelligent systems that understand the stages of document evolution, providing opportune assistance based on authors' situated actions and context. In this paper, we present three studies that explore temporal stages of document authoring. We first survey information workers at a large technology company about their writing habits and preferences, concluding that writers do in fact conceptually progress through several distinct phases while authoring documents. We also explore, qualitatively, how writing stages are linked to document lifespan. We supplement these qualitative findings with an analysis of the longitudinal user interaction logs of a popular digital writing platform over several million documents. Finally, as a first step towards facilitating an intelligent digital writing assistant, we conduct a preliminary investigation into the utility of user interaction log data for predicting the temporal stage of a document. Our results support the benefit of tools tailored to writing stages, identify primary tasks associated with these stages, and show that it is possible to predict stages from anonymous interaction logs. Together, these results argue for the benefit and feasibility of more tailored digital writing assistance.
description: Accepted for publication at CSCW 2020
Additional file 1 of Whole-genome sequencing of glioblastoma reveals enrichment of non-coding constraint mutations in known and novel genes
Creators: name: Sharadha Sakthikumar
name: Ananya Roy
name: Haseeb, Lulu
name: Pettersson, Mats E.
name: Sundström, Elisabeth
name: Voichita D. Marinescu
name: Lindblad-Toh, Kerstin
name: Forsberg-Nilsson, Karin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Somatic Copy Number Alteration (SCNA) in SweGBM-1 matches observations in the TCGA-GBM dataset. Figure S2. Distribution of Coding and Non-Coding variants per sample for the SweGBM-1 cohort. Figure S3.TERTp mutational profiles for the SweGBM-1 cohort. Missense mutations at two positions in the TERT promoter observed previously in GBM datasets are seen in most samples. Figure S4. Boxplot of the rates of constraint bases in the internal and flanking regions of key GBM and all OPCG. Figure S5. Mutalisk algorithm identifies two major mutational signatures, Cosmic 1 and Cosmic 5 across samples. Figure S6. Workflow for variant and copy number detection in matched tumor-normal samples. Figure S7. Workflow for annotation of non-coding constraint mutations.
The value of information in biosecurity risk-benefit assessment: an application to red imported fire ants
Creators: name: Ward, Michael B.
name: Kompas, Tom
name: Ward, Michael B.
name: Kompas, Tom
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy

description: Policy makers are confronted daily with uncertainty, especially in complex areas like biosecurity. One way to improve decision-making and reduce uncertainties is to collect more information. Information is costly – whether the value of improved decision-making justifies the cost is a fundamental question facing policy makers. This paper addresses that question by making three practical contributions for binary choices (such as whether to implement or forego a particular policy). First, it analyses the determinants of the value of information, and how that value changes with features of the problem. Second, it uses this analysis to derive simple rules of thumb which provide upper bounds on the value of additional information. Third, it provides a practical application of the value of information in deciding whether to attempt eradication of the red imported fire ant.
description: Paper removed Jan. 28, 2014 at the request of the lead author.
Families index theorem in supersymmetric WZW model and twisted K-theory: The SU(2) case
Creators: name: Mickelsson, Jouko
name: Pellonpää, Juha-Pekka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The construction of twisted K-theory classes on a compact Lie group is reviewed using the supersymmetric Wess-Zumino-Witten model on a cylinder. The Quillen superconnection is introduced for a family of supercharges parametrized by a compact Lie group and the Chern character is explicitly computed in the case of SU(2). For large euclidean time, the character form is localized on a D-brane.
description: Version 2: Essentially simplified proof of the main result using a map from twisted K-theory to gerbes modulo the twisting gerbe; references added + minor corrections
Attributions of pain to infants : a comparative analysis of parents, nurses and paediatricians
Creators: name: Pillai Riddell, Rebecca R. E.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The limited ability of infants to communicate their pain and to moderate their pain experience places great importance on caregivers in accurately detecting when they are suffering. The goal of this investigation was to conduct a comparative analysis of the pain judgments of three major infant caregiver populations (parents, nurses and paediatricians) and the beliefs that each group held in regards to those judgments. This study finds theoretical grounding in the Sociocommunication Model of Infant Pain. In order to understand the role of beliefs in pain judgments, the current study controlled other variables postulated by Craig and colleagues to impact the communication between an infant in pain and his/her caregiver. Participants provided attributions of pain after viewing video clips of infants (from five different age groups) who had received a routine immunization injection. Between caregiver group differences and differences across the pain attributions to different infant ages were examined. Parents attributed greater pain than paediatricians, while nurses did not differ from either group. A systematic age bias in pain attributions was also found, in that younger infants were attributed significantly less pain. Finally, several secondary findings contributed to a clearer understanding of both these findings. Using self-reported importance ratings as an indication, betweencaregiver group differences were found regarding how each sample made their pain attributions. As well, caregivers demonstrated different beliefs regarding the cognitive ability of infants of differing age groups. By elucidating infant pain attribution differences between caregivers and age groups, the current study helped determine possible factors responsible for the incidence of unrelieved infant pain.