cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Improving classification performance of extreme gradient boosting on small-sized dataset to classify Turkish and Italian wines along with elemental profiling by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry
Creators: name: Alp, Hande
name: Alp, Orkun
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this study, the classification performance of the extreme gradient boosting algorithm on a small-sized dataset was improved by using a synthetically generated dataset created with kernel density estimation to classify wine samples. The concentration of 29 elements in wine samples produced in Turkey (domestic) and Italy (imported) was determined by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry and obtained results were used to generate the dataset. Classification of wine samples was firstly assessed with extreme gradient boosting, which is known for overfitting in small-sized datasets, resulting in poor classification performance. To improve the classification performance, a synthetic dataset was created and the algorithm was trained on the synthetic dataset instead of the original dataset. With the proposed method, the accuracy of the model was improved from 76.7% to 81.7%. The precision values for Turkish and Italian wines were increased from 78.4% to 84.1% and from 70.9% to 79.4%, respectively. The variable importance determined by the extreme gradient boosting algorithm showed that beryllium and cesium were significantly more important compared to other elements followed by tin, phosphorus, cobalt, lead, calcium, copper, zinc, and aluminum as the top 10 elements to classify Turkish and Italian wine samples.
A Bayesian Analysis of HAT-P-7b Using the EXONEST Algorithm
Creators: name: Placek, Ben
name: Knuth, Kevin H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The study of exoplanets (planets orbiting other stars) is revolutionizing the way we view our universe. High-precision photometric data provided by the Kepler Space Telescope (Kepler) enables not only the detection of such planets, but also their characterization. This presents a unique opportunity to apply Bayesian methods to better characterize the multitude of previously confirmed exoplanets. This paper focuses on applying the EXONEST algorithm to characterize the transiting short-period-hot-Jupiter, HAT-P-7b. EXONEST evaluates a suite of exoplanet photometric models by applying Bayesian Model Selection, which is implemented with the MultiNest algorithm. These models take into account planetary effects, such as reflected light and thermal emissions, as well as the effect of the planetary motion on the host star, such as Doppler beaming, or boosting, of light from the reflex motion of the host star, and photometric variations due to the planet-induced ellipsoidal shape of the host star. By calculating model evidences, one can determine which model best describes the observed data, thus identifying which effects dominate the planetary system. Presented are parameter estimates and model evidences for HAT-P-7b.
description: Submitted to the conference proceedings for MaxEnt 2014, to be published by AIP
Анализ математических и компьютерно-цифровых методов как основы современной подготовки инженерных кадров
Creators: name: Колчина Галина Юрьевна
name: Егоров Михаил Петрович
name: Полетаева Ольга Юрьевна
name: Пахомов Сергей Иванович
name: Мовсумзаде Эльдар Мирсамедович
Publisher: name: НефтеГазоХимия
Year: 2020
Subjects: математика
математические методы
математическое моделирование
статистические методы планирования
рециркуляция
системы оптимального управления химико-технологическими процессами
квантовая химия

description: В работе представлен исторический анализ математических методов как основы инженерного дела во всех отраслях промышленности: в различных курсах нефтяных специальностей, при моделировании поиска и разведки нефтяных и газовых месторождений, а также оптимизации при описании процессов нефтегазохимии. Предложено использование статистических методов получение математического описания процессов в оптимальной области. Показаны решения основных задач химических технологий, для которых необходимо полное использование целевых продуктов, что достигается проведением химических реакций с рециркуляцией. Рассмотрены методы квантовой химии, которые дают возможность одним расчетом получить структурные, физические, химические и термодинамические параметры.
Decoherence and entropy generation in an open quantum scalar-fermion system with Yukawa interaction
Creators: name: Bhattacharya, Sourav
name: Joshi, Nitin
name: Kaushal, Shagun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have studied the decoherence mechanism in a fermion and scalar quantum field theory with the Yukawa interaction in the Minkowski spacetime, using the non-equilibrium effective field theory formalism appropriate for open systems. The scalar field is treated as the system whereas the fermions as the environment. As the simplest realistic scenario, we assume that an observer measures only the Gaussian 2-point correlator for the scalar field. The cause of decoherence and the subsequent entropy generation is the ignorance of information stored in higher-order correlators, Gaussian and non-Gaussian, of the system and the surrounding. Using the 2-loop 2-particle irreducible effective action, we construct the renormalised Kadanoff-Baym equations, i.e., the equation of motion satisfied by the 2-point correlators in the Schwinger-Keldysh formalism. These equations contain the non-local self-energy corrections. We then compute the statistical propagator in terms of the 2-point functions. Using the relationship of the statistical propagator with the phase space area, we next compute the von Neumann entropy for the system. We have obtained the variation of the entropy with respect to various relevant parameters. We also discuss the qualitative similarities and differences of our results with the scenario when both the system and the environment are scalar fields.
description: v2, 24pp, 7 figs; Added references and discussion, results unchanged; Accepted in EPJC
Ensemble Kalman filtering with residual nudging: an extension to state estimation problems with nonlinear observation operators
Creators: name: Luo, Xiaodong
name: Hoteit, Ibrahim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF) is an efficient algorithm for many data assimilation problems. In certain circumstances, however, divergence of the EnKF might be spotted. In previous studies, the authors proposed an observation-space-based strategy, called residual nudging, to improve the stability of the EnKF when dealing with linear observation operators. The main idea behind residual nudging is to monitor and, if necessary, adjust the distances (misfits) between the real observations and the simulated ones of the state estimates, in the hope that by doing so one may be able to obtain better estimation accuracy. In the present study, residual nudging is extended and modified in order to handle nonlinear observation operators. Such extension and modification result in an iterative filtering framework that, under suitable conditions, is able to achieve the objective of residual nudging for data assimilation problems with nonlinear observation operators. The 40 dimensional Lorenz 96 model is used to illustrate the performance of the iterative filter. Numerical results show that, while a normal EnKF may diverge with nonlinear observation operators, the proposed iterative filter remains stable and leads to reasonable estimation accuracy under various experimental settings.
description: To appear in Monthly Weather Review
What is known about Tobacco Use, Smoking and Epilepsy? A Scoping Review Protocol
Creators: name: Narrett, Jackson
name: Khan, Waleed
name: Funaro, Melissa
name: Moeller, Jeremy
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Diseases
subject: Chemicals and Drugs
subject: Nervous System Diseases
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences

description: This is a scoping review project to delineate what is known about the interaction between tobacco use and epilepsy. This review will be inclusive of the concepts of various forms of tobacco use, nicotine replacement, vaping, and smoking cessation with regards to their interaction with seizures and epilepsy of all kinds.
On the energetics of a tidally oscillating convective flow
Creators: name: Terquem, Caroline
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper examines the energetics of a convective flow subject to an oscillation with a period $t_{\rm osc}$ much smaller than the convective timescale $t_{\rm conv}$, allowing for compressibility and uniform rotation. We show that the energy of the oscillation is exchanged with the kinetic energy of the convective flow at a rate $D_R$ that couples the Reynolds stress of the oscillation with the convective velocity gradient. For the equilibrium tide and inertial waves, this is the only energy exchange term, whereas for p modes there are also exchanges with the potential and internal energy of the convective flow. Locally, $\left| D_R \right| \sim u^{\prime 2} /t_{\rm conv}$, where $u^{\prime}$ is the oscillating velocity. If $t_{\rm conv} \ll t_{\rm osc}$ and assuming mixing length theory, $\left| D_R \right|$ is $\left( λ_{\rm conv}/ λ_{\rm osc} \right)^2$ smaller, where $λ_{\rm conv}$ and $λ_{\rm osc}$ are the characteristic scales of convection and the oscillation. Assuming local dissipation, we show that the equilibrium tide lags behind the tidal potential by a phase $δ\left( r \right) \sim r ω_{\rm osc}/ \left( g \left( r \right) t_{\rm conv} \left( r \right)\right)$, where $g$ is the gravitational acceleration. The equilibrium tide can be described locally as a harmonic oscillator with natural frequency $\left( g / r \right)^{1/2}$ and subject to a damping force $-u^{\prime}/t_{\rm conv}$. Although $δ\left( r \right) $ varies by orders of magnitude through the flow, it is possible to define an average phase shift $\overlineδ$ which is in good agreement with observations for Jupiter and some of the moons of Saturn. Finally, $1 / \overlineδ$ is shown to be equal to the standard tidal dissipation factor.
description: Published in MNRAS (2023, vol. 525, p. 508-526)
The ADMM penalized decoder for LDPC codes
Creators: name: Liu, Xishuo
name: Draper, Stark C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Linear programming (LP) decoding for low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes proposed by Feldman et al. is shown to have theoretical guarantees in several regimes and empirically is not observed to suffer from an error floor. However at low signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs), LP decoding is observed to have worse error performance than belief propagation (BP) decoding. In this paper, we seek to improve LP decoding at low SNRs while still achieving good high SNR performance. We first present a new decoding framework obtained by trying to solve a non-convex optimization problem using the alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM). This non-convex problem is constructed by adding a penalty term to the LP decoding objective. The goal of the penalty term is to make "pseudocodewords", which are the non-integer vertices of the LP relaxation to which the LP decoder fails, more costly. We name this decoder class the "ADMM penalized decoder". In our simulation results, the ADMM penalized decoder with $\ell_1$ and $\ell_2$ penalties outperforms both BP and LP decoding at all SNRs. For high SNR regimes where it is infeasible to simulate, we use an instanton analysis and show that the ADMM penalized decoder has better high SNR performance than BP decoding. We also develop a reweighted LP decoder using linear approximations to the objective with an $\ell_1$ penalty. We show that this decoder has an improved theoretical recovery threshold compared to LP decoding. In addition, we show that the empirical gain of the reweighted LP decoder is significant at low SNRs.
description: This work was supported by the National Science Foundation (NSF) under Grants CCF-1217058 and by a Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) Discovery Research Grant. This paper was submitted to IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory
Dynamics of Hanging Droplets from Liquid Interfaces
Creators: name: Singh, Piyush
name: Pal, Anikesh
name: Singh, Narinder
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The impact of a heavier droplet into a deep pool of lighter liquid is investigated using three-dimensional numerical simulations. Unprecedented to any numerical simulations, we demonstrate that the heavier droplets can hang from the surface of a lighter liquid using surface tension. The impact phenomenon and the evolution of the heavier droplet as a function of its size and release height are explored. A theoretical model is also formulated to understand the role of different forms of energies associated with the hanging droplet. We further solve the force balance equations for the hanging droplets analytically and demonstrate that the results obtained from our simulations match very well with the analytical solution. This research offers opportunities in many areas, including drug and gene delivery, encapsulation of biomolecules, microfluidics, soft robots, and remediation of oil spills.
SRG/eROSITA discovery of a radio faint X-ray candidate supernova remnant SRGe J003602.3+605421=G121.1-1.9
Creators: name: Khabibullin, I. I.
name: Churazov, E. M.
name: Bykov, A. M.
name: Chugai, N. N.
name: Sunyaev, R. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the discovery of a candidate X-ray supernova remnant SRGe J003602.3+605421=G121.1-1.9 in the course of \textit{SRG}/eROSITA all-sky survey. The object is located at (l,b)=(121.1$^\circ$,-1.9$^\circ$), is $\approx36$ arcmin in angular size and has a nearly circular shape. Clear variations in spectral shape of the X-ray emission across the object are detected, with the emission from the inner (within 9') and outer (9'-18') parts dominated by iron and oxygen/neon lines, respectively. The non-equilibrium plasma emission model is capable of describing the spectrum of the outer part with the initial gas temperature 0.1 keV, final temperature 0.5 keV and the ionization age $\sim 2\times10^{10}$ cm$^{-3}$ s. The observed spectrum of the inner region is more complicated (plausibly due to the contribution of the outer shell) and requires substantial overabundance of iron for all models we have tried. The derived X-ray absorption equals to $(4-6)\times10^{21}$ cm$^{-2}$, locating the object at the distance beyond 1.5 kpc, and implying its age $\sim(5-30)\times1000$ yrs. No bright radio, infrared, H$_α$ or gamma-ray counterpart of this object have been found in the publicly-available archival data. A model invoking a canonical $10^{51}$ erg explosion (either SN Ia or core collapse) in the hot and tenuous medium in the outer region of the Galaxy $\sim$9 kpc away might explain the bulk of the observed features. This scenario can be tested with future deep X-ray and radio observations.
description: 20 pages, 21 figures, version accepted to MNRAS
The planetary nebula IPHASXJ211420.0+434136 (Ou5): insights into common-envelope dynamical and chemical evolution
Creators: name: Corradi, R. L. M.
name: Rodriguez-Gil, P.
name: Jones, D.
name: Garcia-Rojas, J.
name: Mampaso, A.
name: Garcia-Alvarez, D.
name: Pursimo, T.
name: Eenmäe, T.
name: Liimets, T.
name: Miszalski, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: While analysing the images of the IPHAS H$α$ survey, we noticed that the central star of the candidate planetary nebula IPHASXJ211420.0+434136 (also named Ou5) was clearly variable. This is generally considered as an indication of binarity. To confirm it, we performed a photometric monitoring of the central star, and obtained images and spectra of the nebula. The nebular spectrum confirms that IPHASXJ211420.0+434136 is a planetary nebula of moderately high excitation. It has a remarkable morphology with two nested pairs of bipolar lobes, and other unusual features. The light curve of the central star reveals that it is an eclipsing binary system with an orbital period of 8.74 hours. It also displays a strong irradiation effect with an amplitude of 1.5~mag. The presence of multiple bipolar outflows adds constraints to the formation of these nebulae, suggesting the occurrence of discrete ejection events during, or immediately before, the common-envelope phase. IPHASXJ211420.0+434136 also adds evidence to the hypothesis that a significant fraction of planetary nebulae with close binary central stars have a peculiar nebular chemistry and a relatively low nebular mass. This may point to low-mass, low-metallicity progenitors, with additional effects related to the binary evolution. We also suggest that these objects may be relevant to understand the abundance discrepancy problem in planetary nebulae.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures, published in MNRAS
The Secret Painter
Creators: name: Dooley, Brendan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Florence
painting
cypher
Castellazzo
Genoa
Gotti
Renaissance

description: https://www.euronewsproject.org/2022/07/21/the-secret-painter/ When Giulio Gotti writes from Genoa to his brother Raffaello Gotti in Volterra in August 1598, he expresses many of his ideas in code, which is deciphered at destination for the convenience of the recipient. The practice was common wherever sensitive information was being transmitted, for instance regarding war, diplomacy, state secrets, and the like. This time the unlikely topic is painting. Thus writes Gotti: “(in code) The painter who made the portrait is called Giuliano Castellazzo, who is the best in Genoa in this profession, and you will be able to see him in the portrait I send you; he usually gets no less than 20 gold scudi for a portrait in this format from these Gentlemen (of Genoa).”
Odd Viscosity and Odd Elasticity
Creators: name: Fruchart, Michel
name: Scheibner, Colin
name: Vitelli, Vincenzo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Elasticity typically refers to a material's ability to store energy, while viscosity refers to a material's tendency to dissipate it. In this review, we discuss fluids and solids for which this is not the case. These materials display additional linear response coefficients known as odd viscosity and odd elasticity. We first introduce odd elasticity and odd viscosity from a continuum perspective, with an emphasis on their rich phenomenology, including transverse responses, modified dislocation dynamics, and topological waves. We then provide an overview of systems that display odd viscosity and odd elasticity. These systems range from quantum fluids, to astrophysical gasses, to active and driven matter. Finally, we comment on microscopic mechanisms by which odd elasticity and odd viscosity arise.
description: 30 pages, 7 figures
Asymptotic bounds on the equilateral dimension of hypercubes
Creators: name: Minder, Lorenz
name: Sauerwald, Thomas
name: Wegner, Sven-Ake
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 05C12, Secondary 11H71, 51B20

description: A subset of the finite dimensional hypercube is said to be equilateral if the distance of any two distinct points equals a fixed value. The equilateral dimension of the hypercube is defined as the maximal size of its equilateral subsets. We study asymptotic bounds on the latter quantity considered as a function of two variables, namely dimension and distance.
description: 6 pages
Sharing the Pain
Creators: name: Dooley, Brendan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: kidney stones
Florence
Italy
Medicine
Diplomacy
Information
Seventeenth century
Paris
Baccio Giovannini

description: https://www.euronewsproject.org/2022/05/30/sharing-the-pain/ In regard to urinary stones, Ahmet Tefekli (2013) points out that “The roots of modern science and history of urinary stone disease go back to the Ancient Egyptians and Mesopotamia.” Indeed, “The first recorded details of “perineal lithotomy” were those of Cornelius Celsus. Ancient Arabic medicine was based mainly on classical Greco-Roman works. Interestingly, the Fourth Lateran Council in 1215 forbade physicians from performing surgical procedures, as contact with blood or body fluids was viewed as contaminating to men.” Given the wide diffusion of such problems, how did people deal with them in the early seventeenth century, other than by the unnamed substances mentioned in Giovannini’s letter to the Grand Duke? Here is a typical recipe from the much-reprinted manual by Girolamo Ruscelli, writing under the pseudonym Alessio Piemontese, whose Dei Segreti..., first issued in Venice (eredi di Marchiò Sessa, 1557), with instructions on everything from curing snake bites to removing arrows from a body, to quieting children affected by the “moon sickness” (details in another post!). He calls it “Another most perfect remedy for the stone or for renella.”
Tidal Stripping in the Adiabatic Limit
Creators: name: Stücker, Jens
name: Ogiya, Go
name: Angulo, Raul E.
name: Aguirre-Santaella, Alejandra
name: Sánchez-Conde, Miguel A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a model for the remnants of haloes that have gone through an adiabatic tidal stripping process. We show that this model exactly reproduces the remnant of an NFW halo that is exposed to a slowly increasing isotropic tidal field and approximately for an anisotropic tidal field. The model can be used to predict the asymptotic mass loss limit for orbiting subhaloes, solely as a function of the initial structure of the subhalo and the value of the tidal field at pericentre. Predictions can easily be made for differently concentrated host-haloes with and without baryonic components, which differ most notably in their relation between pericentre radius and tidal field. The model correctly predicts several empirically measured relations such as the `tidal track' and the `orbital frequency relation' that was reported by Errani & Navarro (2021) for the case of an isothermal sphere. Further, we propose applications of the `structure-tide' degeneracy which implies that increasing the concentration of a subhalo has exactly the same impact on tidal stripping as reducing the amplitude of the tidal field. Beyond this, we find that simple relations hold for the bound mass, truncation radius, WIMP annihilation luminosity and tidal ratio of tidally stripped NFW haloes in relation to quantities measured at the radius of maximum circular velocity. Finally, we note that NFW haloes cannot be completely disrupted when exposed adiabatically to tidal fields of arbitrary magnitudes. We provide an open-source implementation of our model and suggest that it can be used to improve predictions of dark matter annihilation.
description: 31 pages, 19 figures, submitted to MNRAS, comments welcome, code publicly available under https://github.com/jstuecker/adiabatic-tides
Black Holes in 4 Nearby Radio Galaxies
Creators: name: Mould, Jeremy
name: Readhead, Tony
name: Cotter, Garret
name: Batt, David
name: Durre', Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the velocity dispersion profiles of the nuclei of NGC 1326, 2685, 5273 and 5838 in the CO first overtone band. There is evidence for a black hole (BH) in NGC 1326 and 5838. Gas is seen flowing out of the nuclear region of NGC 5273. We put upper limits on the nuclear BHs responsible for its activity and that of NGC 2685.
description: to appear in ApSS
Sparse Estimation with the Swept Approximated Message-Passing Algorithm
Creators: name: Manoel, Andre
name: Krzakala, Florent
name: Tramel, Eric W.
name: Zdeborová, Lenka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Approximate Message Passing (AMP) has been shown to be a superior method for inference problems, such as the recovery of signals from sets of noisy, lower-dimensionality measurements, both in terms of reconstruction accuracy and in computational efficiency. However, AMP suffers from serious convergence issues in contexts that do not exactly match its assumptions. We propose a new approach to stabilizing AMP in these contexts by applying AMP updates to individual coefficients rather than in parallel. Our results show that this change to the AMP iteration can provide theoretically expected, but hitherto unobtainable, performance for problems on which the standard AMP iteration diverges. Additionally, we find that the computational costs of this swept coefficient update scheme is not unduly burdensome, allowing it to be applied efficiently to signals of large dimensionality.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures, implementation available at https://github.com/eric-tramel/SwAMP-Demo
A super-massive Neptune-sized planet
Creators: name: Naponiello, L.
name: Mancini, L.
name: Sozzetti, A.
name: Bonomo, A. S.
name: Morbidelli, A.
name: Dou, J.
name: Zeng, L.
name: Leinhardt, Z. M.
name: Biazzo, K.
name: Cubillos, P.
name: Pinamonti, M.
name: Locci, D.
name: Maggio, A.
name: Damasso, M.
name: Lanza, A. F.
name: Lissauer, J. J.
name: Bignamini, A.
name: Boschin, W.
name: Bouma, L. G.
name: Carter, P. J.
name: Ciardi, D. R.
name: Collins, K. A.
name: Cosentino, R.
name: Crossfield, I.
name: Desidera, S.
name: Dumusque, X.
name: Fiorenzano, A. F. M.
name: Fukui, A.
name: Giacobbe, P.
name: Gnilka, C. L.
name: Ghedina, A.
name: Gonzales, E.
name: Guilluy, G.
name: Harutyunyan, A.
name: Howell, S. B.
name: Jenkins, J. M.
name: Lund, M. B.
name: Jensen, E. L. N.
name: Kielkopf, J. F.
name: Lester, K. V.
name: Malavolta, L.
name: Mann, A. W.
name: Matson, R. A.
name: Matthews, E. C.
name: Nardiello, D.
name: Narita, N.
name: Pace, E.
name: Pagano, I.
name: Palle, E.
name: Pedani, M.
name: Seager, S.
name: Schlieder, J. E.
name: Schwarz, R. P.
name: Shporer, A.
name: Twicken, J. D.
name: Winn, J. N.
name: Ziegler, C.
name: Zingales, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Neptune-sized planets exhibit a wide range of compositions and densities, depending onf cators related to their formation and evolution history, such as the distance from their host stars and atmospheric escape processes. They can vary from relatively low-density planets with thick hydrogen-helium atmospheres to higher-density planets with a substantial amount of water or a rocky interior with a thinner atmosphere, such as HD 95338 b, TOI-849 b and TOI-2196 b. The discovery of exoplanets in the hot-Neptune desert, a region close to the host stars with a deficit of Neptune-sized planets, provides insights into the formation and evolution of planetary systems, including the existence of this region itself. Here we show observations of the transiting planet TOI-1853 b, which has a radius of 3.46 +- 0.08 Earth radii and orbits a dwarf star every 1.24 days. This planet has a mass of 73.2 +- 2.7 Earth masses, almost twice that of any other Neptune-sized planet known so far, and a density of 9.7 +- 0.8 grams per cubic centimetre. These values place TOI-1853 b in the middle of the Neptunian desert and imply that heavy elements dominate its mass. The properties of TOI-1853 b present a puzzle for conventional theories of planetary formation and evolution, and could be the result of several proto-planet collisions or the final state of an initially high-eccentricity planet that migrated closer to its parent star.
description: Preprint submitted to Nature. Please refer to the published version for the final parameters estimations
Recipe for higher-order topology on the triangular lattice
Creators: name: Eck, Philipp
name: Fang, Yuan
name: Di Sante, Domenico
name: Sangiovanni, Giorgio
name: Cano, Jennifer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a recipe for an electronic 2D higher order topological insulator (HOTI) on the triangular lattice that can be realized in a large family of materials. The essential ingredient is mirror symmetry breaking, which allows for a finite quadrupole moment and trivial $\mathbb{Z}_2$ index. The competition between spin-orbit coupling and the symmetry breaking terms gives rise to four topologically distinct phases; the HOTI phase appears when symmetry breaking dominates, including in the absence of spin-orbit coupling. We identify triangular monolayer adsorbate systems on the (111) surface of zincblende/diamond type substrates as ideal material platforms and predict the HOTI phase for $X=$(Al,B,Ga) on SiC.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures and 1 table. Supplementary material: 5 pages, 3 figures and 10 tables
Assessing the effectiveness of digital health implementation for maternal and child health in Nigerian primary care: A systematic literature review
Creators: name: Adedeji, Taiwo
Publisher: name: OSF Registries
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Health Information Technology
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences

description: The overarching purpose of the proposed systematic review is to conduct a rigorous analysis of the evidence of the benefits of digital health implementations in Nigeria. The specific objective is to assess the studies that focus on the effectiveness of digital health implementations for delivering maternal and child health in Nigeria.
Massive and massless higher spinning particles in odd dimensions
Creators: name: Bastianelli, Fiorenzo
name: Bonezzi, Roberto
name: Corradini, Olindo
name: Latini, Emanuele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study actions for massive bosonic particles of higher spins by dimensionally reducing an action for massless particles. For the latter we take a model with a SO(N) extended local supersymmetry on the worldline, that is known to describe massless (conformal) particles of higher spins in flat spacetimes of even dimensions. Dimensional reduction produces an action for massive spinning particles in odd dimensions. The field equations that emerge in a quantization a la Dirac are shown to be equivalent to the Fierz-Pauli ones. The massless limit generates a multiplet of massless states with higher spins, whose first quantized field equations have a geometric form with fields belonging to various types of Young tableaux. These geometric equations can be partially integrated to show their equivalence with the standard Fronsdal-Labastida equations. We covariantize our model to check whether an extension to curved spacetimes can be achieved. Restricting to (A)dS spaces, we find that the worldline gauge algebra becomes nonlinear, but remains first class. This guarantees consistency on such backgrounds. A light cone analysis confirms the presence of the expected propagating degrees of freedom. A covariant analysis is worked out explicitly for the massive case, which is seen to give rise to the Fierz-Pauli equations extended to (A)dS spaces. It is worth noting that in D=3 the massless limit of our model when N goes to infinity has the same field content of the Vasiliev's theory that accommodates each spin exactly once.
description: 31 pages
Matter waves in two-dimensional arbitrary atomic crystals
Creators: name: Bartolo, Nicola
name: Antezza, Mauro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a general scheme to realize a cold-atom quantum simulator of bidimensional atomic crystals. Our model is based on the use of two independently trapped atomic species: the first one, subject to a strong in-plane confinement, constitutes a two-dimensional matter wave which interacts only with atoms of the second species, deeply trapped around the nodes of a two-dimensional optical lattice. By introducing a general analytic approach we show that the system Green function can be exactly determined, allowing for the investigation of the matter-wave transport properties. We propose some illustrative applications to both Bravais (square, triangular) and non-Bravais (graphene, kagomé) lattices, studying both ideal periodic systems and experimental-size and disordered ones. Some remarkable spectral properties of these atomic artificial lattices are pointed out, such as the emergence of single and multiple gaps, flat bands, and Dirac cones. All these features can be manipulated via the interspecies interaction, which proves to be widely tunable due to the interplay between scattering length and confinements.
description: 14 pages, 20 figures
Rhymes for the Times
Creators: name: Dooley, Brendan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: France
Florence
Fouquet
Louis XIV
Finance
Seventeenth century
poetry

description: https://www.euronewsproject.org/2021/08/28/rhymes-for-the-times/ When the newsletter breaks into verse, we must be in the court of the Sun King! There at least, or close by, is where this Paris newsletter originates, now conserved in Mediceo del Principato vol. 4891. The year is 1661 and the vast riches accumulated by Louis XIV's Finance Minister Nicolas Fouquet are attracting attention, especially since the estate at Vaux le Comte seems to rival Versailles. Where is the money coming from?
Theoretical study of the d(d,p)3H and d(d,n)3He processes at low energies
Creators: name: Viviani, M.
name: Girlanda, L.
name: Kievsky, A.
name: Logoteta, D.
name: Marcucci, L. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a theoretical study of the processes d(d,p)3H and d(d,n)3He at energies of interest for energy production and for big-bang nucleosynthesis. We accurately solve the four body scattering problem using the ab-initio hyperspherical harmonic method, starting from nuclear Hamiltonians which include modern two- and three-nucleon interactions, derived in chiral effective field theory. We report results for the astrophysical factor, the quintet suppression factor, and various single and double polarized observables. An estimate of the "theoretical uncertainty" for all these quantities is provided by varying the cutoff parameter used to regularize the chiral interactions at high momentum.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Piecing Things Together
Creators: name: Dooley, Brendan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Archive
diplomatics
manuscript
newsletters
baroque
Florence
digital humanities

description: https://www.euronewsproject.org/2021/10/25/piecing-things-together/ Historians spend a lot of time trying to piece things together. Like Sherlock Holmes, in a famous analogy suggested by Carlo Ginzburg, they view assorted vaguely related clues and from these they derive possible hypotheses about how to put together a plausible story about the past. But piecing together the past sometimes takes place in a very literal sense. Consider this example. Keep in mind that handwritten newsletters were conserved for a long time, but not always in ways that make them easy to consult. For reasons having to do more with the convenience of the archivist than that of the user, sometimes an avviso was used as a folder within which to file assorted other avvisi.
Vortrag zur Eröffnung der Ausstellung "Ida Kerkovius"
Creators: name: Itten, Johannes
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1959

description: Enthält: 1 Briefentwurf; 1 Entwurfsmanuskript von der Hand Johannes Ittens; 1 Typoskript (3 Exemplare) / Die Ausstellung "Ida Kerkovius" fand anlässlich des 80. Geburtstages der Künstlerin im Württembergischen Kunstverein in Stuttgart statt. Itten hielt die Ansprache am 09.09.1959.
Continuous dependence on the density for stratified steady water waves
Creators: name: Chen, Robin Ming
name: Walsh, Samuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: There are two distinct regimes commonly used to model traveling waves in stratified water: continuous stratification, where the density is smooth throughout the fluid, and layer-wise continuous stratification, where the fluid consists of multiple immiscible strata. The former is the more physically accurate description, but the latter is frequently more amenable to analysis and computation. By the conservation of mass, the density is constant along the streamlines of the flow; the stratification can therefore be specified by prescribing the value of the density on each streamline. We call this the streamline density function. Our main result states that, for every smoothly stratified periodic traveling wave in a certain small-amplitude regime, there is an $L^\infty$ neighborhood of its streamline density function such that, for any piecewise smooth streamline density function in that neighborhood, there is a corresponding traveling wave solution. Moreover, the mapping from streamline density function to wave is Lipschitz continuous in a certain function space framework. As this neighborhood includes piecewise smooth densities with arbitrarily many jump discontinues, this theorem provides a rigorous justification for the ubiquitous practice of approximating a smoothly stratified wave by a layered one. We also discuss some applications of this result to the study of the qualitative features of such waves.
description: 46 pages
Magmatism and Related Au-Cu Mineralization in the Hualgayoc Mining District, Northern Peru
Creators: name: Viala, Martin
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2020
Subjects: Porphyry
High-sulfidation
Zircon
Rare earth elements
oxidation
Cajamarca
amphibole
Peru

description: The Hualgayoc district in the Cajamarca region in northern Peru hosts the Cerro Corona Au-Cu porphyry deposit, the Tantahuatay high-sulfidation epithermal Au deposit, and the AntaKori skarn Cu-Au project, plus other Au, Cu, Ag and base metal prospects. Herein the author presents a comprehensive geochemical study and U-Pb dating of igneous rocks associated with mineralization as well as barren intrusions and volcanic rocks in the Hualgayoc district. Bulk rock geochemistry, electron-probe analysis of amphibole grains, and laser ablation ICP-MS analysis of zircon were conducted in order to define the magmatic history of the district and characterize the magmas associated with Au-Cu mineralization. Zircon U-Pb ages indicate that the magmatic activity in the district occurred in the Miocene from 14.8 to 9.7 Ma. The Cerro Corona porphyry Au-Cu deposit formed in a short period of time at around 14.5 Ma. Most igneous rocks hosting the Tantahuatay high-sulfidation Au epithermal deposit formed later at around 13.7-11.5 Ma, and are contemporaneous to the high sulfidation epithermal mineralization. Several barren intrusions and volcanic rocks were emplaced contemporaneously. Bulk rock, zircon and amphibole composition show that all magmas in the Hualgayoc district originate from an amphibole rich source, and are oxidized and water-rich regardless of the presence of mineralization. The magma conditions are conducive for the formation of porphyry and high-sulfidation epithermal deposits. The absence of mineralization in some intrusions suggests that other factors, such as intrusion shape and depth of emplacement, are required for the formation of a deposit. It has been shown that zircon in igneous rocks associated with porphyry deposits have high positive Ce anomalies and low negative Eu anomalies reflecting the oxidized nature of their parental magmas. Igneous zircon from the Hualgayoc district show that the magnitude of Ce and Eu anomalies is independent of the association with mineralization. The result suggests that zircon composition cannot identify specific intrusions associated with mineralization. However, it remains useful in recognizing areas containing oxidized, hydrous magmas, some of which may be associated with porphyry or high-sulfidation epithermal deposits
My Poor Wife is the Duke of Savoy…
Creators: name: Dooley, Brendan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Cypher
history
Europe
Florence
Media
Letters
Renaissance

description: https://www.euronewsproject.org/2022/05/05/my-poor-wife-is-the-duke-of-savoy/ The date is Turin, 20 July 1589. To an unsuspecting reader the letter would seem to be referring to everyday private domestic matters: wife, children, rental incomes, a nephew, the local priest, a doctor, etc. The writer, Vanni Bardelli, is a correspondent of the Florentine Grand Duke and court, writing from the duchy of Savoy, this time, apparently, to a relative, referred to in the address as “My dearest Alessandra Bardelli,” to whom the letter is to be forwarded by way of another grand ducal correspondent, Lorenzo Guicciardini, in Florence. However, in the end, making the suggested substitutions, the text now seems to take us far away from the original domestic scene....
Reduction formulas for symmetric products of spin matrices
Creators: name: Pal, Palash B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that, for SU(2) generators of arbitrary dimension $D$, there exist identities that express the completely symmetric product of $D$ matrices in terms of completely symmetric products of fewer number of matrices. We also indicate why such identities are important in characterizing electromagnetic interactions of particles.
description: 8 pages, no figure
Beyond dark energy Fisher forecasts: how DESI will constrain LCDM and quintessence models
Creators: name: Goldstein, Samuel
name: Park, Minsu
name: Raveri, Marco
name: Jain, Bhuvnesh
name: Samushia, Lado
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We baseline with current cosmological observations to forecast the power of the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) in two ways: 1. the gain in constraining power of parameter combinations in the standard $Λ$CDM model, and 2. the reconstruction of quintessence models of dark energy. For the former task we use a recently developed formalism to extract the leading parameter combinations constrained by different combinations of cosmological survey data. For the latter, we perform a non-parametric reconstruction of quintessence using the Effective Field Theory of Dark Energy. Using mock DESI observations of the Hubble parameter, angular diameter distance, and growth rate, we find that DESI will provide significant improvements over current datasets on $Λ$CDM and quintessence constraints. Including DESI mocks in our $Λ$CDM analysis improves constraints on $Ω_m$, $H_0$, and $σ_8$ by a factor of two, where the improvement results almost entirely from the angular diameter distance and growth of structure measurements. Our quintessence reconstruction suggests that DESI will considerably improve constraints on a range of quintessence properties, such as the reconstructed potential, scalar field excursion, and the dark energy equation of state. The angular diameter distance measurements are particularly constraining in the presence of a non-$Λ$CDM signal in which the potential cannot be accounted for by shifts in $H_0$ and $Ω_m$.
Development and Evaluation of a Quick Release Posterior Strut Ankle Foot Orthosis
Creators: name: Li, Wentao
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2020
Subjects: quick-release
posterior strut
Ankle foot orthosis
modular

description: Ankle foot orthosis (AFO) stiffness affects ankle range of motion but can also provide energy storage and return to improve mobility. To perform multiple activities during the day, a person may want to change their AFO stiffness to meet their activity’s demand. Carrying multiple AFO and changing the AFO is inconvenient and could discourage users from engaging in multiple activities. This thesis developed a new quick-release mechanism (QRM) that allows users to easily change posterior strut elements to change AFO stiffness. The QRM attaches to the AFO and requires no tools to operate. The new QRM includes a quick-release key, weight-bearing pin, receptacle anchor, and immobilization pin. A prototype was modelled with SolidWorks and simulated with SolidWorks Simulation. The QRM was designed to have no mechanical failure during intense activities such as downhill walking and running. Unlike a solid screw connection, the QRM needed an additional part to eliminate unsecured motion related to clearance between the quick release key and receptacle anchor. Mechanical test results and measurement data demonstrated no deformation on each part after mechanical testing. User testing revealed that, although the quick release mechanism can be locked or unlocked rapidly, the person’s posture when operating can facilitate strut swapping. A learning effect occurred by repeated practice. The Quick Release AFO (QRAFO) prototype verified the manufacturing feasibility of the QRAFO design. Overall, the novel quick release AFO improved strut swapping time without sacrificing device strength.