cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Black hole hyperaccretion in collapsars. III. GRB timescale
Creators: name: Wei, Yun-Feng
name: Liu, Tong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are classified into long and short populations (i.e., LGRBs and SGRBs) based on the observed bimodal distribution of duration $T_{90}$. Multimessenger observations indicated that most SGRBs and LGRBs should be powered by ultrarelativistic jets launched from black hole (BH) hyperaccretion in compact object mergers and massive collapsars, respectively. However, the duration criterion sometimes cannot correctly reflect the physical origin of a particular GRB. In the collapsar scenario, a GRB can be observed when the jet breaks out from the envelope and circumstellar medium successfully. The observed GRB duration reflects only the time that the engine operates after the jet breaks out. This work studies the propagation of jets driven by the neutrino annihilation or Blandford-Znajek mechanism in massive collapsars. The signatures of the progenitors for producing LGRBs, SGRBs, and failed GRBs in the collapsar scenario are exhibited. The competition between the mass supply onto the BH hyperaccretion and jet propagation into the envelope are definitely dependent on the density profiles of the collapsars. We show that duration and isotropic energy $E_{\rm{γ,iso}}$ of GRBs can help constrain the density profiles of collapsars. Finally, we propose that a collapsar-origin SGRB, GRB 200826A, might originate from a neutrino-annihilation-dominated jet launched by a $\sim 10~M_\odot$ collapsar whose progenitor's envelope has been stripped.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Gas electron tracking detector for beta decay experiments
Creators: name: Rozpedzik, D.
name: De Keukeleere, L.
name: Bodek, K.
name: Hayen, L.
name: Lojek, K.
name: Perkowski, M.
name: Severijns, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For identification and 3D-tracking of low-energy electrons a new type of gas-based detector was designed that minimizes scattering and energy loss. The current version of the detector is a combination of a plastic scintillator, serving as a trigger source and energy detector, and a hexagonally structured multi-wire drift chamber (MWDC), filled with a mixture of helium and isobutane gas. The drift time information is used to track particles in the plane perpendicular to the wires, while a charge division technique provides spatial information along the wires. The gas tracker was successfully used in the miniBETA project as a beta spectrometer for a measurement of the weak magnetism form factor in nuclear beta decay. The precision of the three-dimensional electron tracking, in combination with low-mass, low-Z materials and identification of backscattering from scintillator, facilitated a reduction of the main systematics effects. At certain conditions, a spatial resolution better than 0.5 mm was obtained in the plane perpendicular to the wires, while resolutions of about 6 mm were achieved along wires. Thanks to precise tracking information, it is possible to eliminate electrons and other particles not originating from the desired decay with high efficiency. Additionally, using the coincidence between MWDC and scintillator, background from gamma emission typically accompanying radioactive decays, was highly suppressed. An overview of different event topologies is presented together with the tracker's ability to correctly recognize them. The analysis is supported by Monte Carlo simulations using Geant4 and Garfield++ packages. Finally, the preliminary results from the 114In spectrum study are presented.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in JINST - PSD12(2021)
High Mass Flow Rate in a BAL Outflow of Quasar SDSS J1130+0411
Creators: name: Walker, Andrew
name: Arav, Nahum
name: Byun, Doyee
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the analysis of the absorption troughs of six outflows observed in quasar SDSS J1130+0411 ($z \approx 3.98$) with radial velocities ranging from $-2400$ to $-15,400$ km s$^{-1}$. These spectra were taken with the Very Large Telescope/Ultraviolet and Visual Echelle Spectrograph over the rest frame wavelength range of $1135-1890$ Å. In the main outflow system ($v \approx -3200$ km s$^{-1}$), we identify Fe II and several Fe II* absorption troughs as well as Si II and Si II* troughs, which we use to determine the electron number density $\log n_e = 2.6_{-0.7}^{+0.8}$ cm$^{-3}$. Using the column densities of these and other ions, we determine a photoionization solution with hydrogen column density $\log N_H = 21.44_{-0.33}^{+0.24}$ cm$^{-2}$ and ionization parameter $\log U_H = -1.75_{-0.45}^{+0.28}$. From these values we derive the distance $R = 16_{-11}^{+23}$ kpc, the average mass flow rate $\dot{M} = 4100_{-2400}^{+6600}$ $M_{\odot}$ yr$^{-1}$, and the kinetic luminosity $\log \dot{E}_k = 46.13_{-0.37}^{+0.41}$ erg s$^{-1}$. This $\dot{E}_k$ is $1.4_{-0.8}^{+2.2}$% of the quasar's Eddington luminosity, and therefore contributes significantly to AGN feedback.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures, 3 tables, published in MNRAS
HI content of massive red spiral galaxies observed by FAST
Creators: name: Wang, Lan
name: Zheng, Zheng
name: Hao, Cai-Na
name: Guo, Rui
name: Li, Ran
name: Qian, Lei
name: Xie, Lizhi
name: Shi, Yong
name: Zou, Hu
name: Cao, Yixian
name: Chen, Yanmei
name: Xia, Xiaoyang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A sample of 279 massive red spirals was selected optically by Guo et al. (2020), among which 166 galaxies have been observed by the ALFALFA survey. In this work, we observe HI content of the rest 113 massive red spiral galaxies using the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope (FAST). 75 of the 113 galaxies have HI detection with a signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) greater than 4.7. Compared with the red spirals in the same sample that have been observed by the ALFALFA survey, galaxies observed by FAST have on average a higher S/N, and reach to a lower HI mass. To investigate why many red spirals contain a significant amount of HI mass, we check color profiles of the massive red spirals using images observed by the DESI Legacy Imaging Surveys. We find that galaxies with HI detection have bluer outer disks than the galaxies without HI detection, for both ALFALFA and FAST samples. For galaxies with HI detection, there exists a clear correlation between galaxy HI mass and g-r color at outer radius: galaxies with higher HI masses have bluer outer disks. The results indicate that optically selected massive red spirals are not fully quenched, and the HI gas observed in many of the galaxies may exist in their outer blue disks.
description: 11 pages, 9 figures, accepted by MNRAS; Table 1 is available in the source files
Identification of new P. aeruginosa antigens and characterization of the CdrA adhesin involved in biofilm formation.
Creators: name: Antonelli, Giada
Publisher: name: Università di Siena
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: BIO/10 BIOCHIMICA

description: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen of animals and humans causing medical complications in burns, wounds, and cystic fibrosis. P. aeruginosa is efficient at adapting its virulence phenotype depending on the site of infection. It is because of its relatively large genome and flexible metabolic capabilities that this organism is able to exploit different environmental conditions in which to grow and to evade normal immune defenses. P. aeruginosa is one of the most common hospital pathogens and is the second most common pathogen detected in patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) [16]. The main reasons for the high incidence of this bacterium in healthcare institutions include the poor health status of patients, the high rate of spread of often multiresistant strains in hospital wards, and the overuse of broad-spectrum antibiotics. Emerging multi-drug resistant strains, also due to the biofilm that confers resistances, and the limited number of effective anti-pseudomonal antibiotics make P. aeruginosa infections extremely difficult to treat. To address this need, this work considers the production and the biochemical and functional characterization of the CdrA protein, which is considered to be one of the most important protein involved in the biofilm stabilization, and the identification of new antigens involved in P. aeruginosa infections, in order to use them as vaccine candidates and therapeutic targets.
A G protein alpha null mutation confers prolificacy potential in maize
Creators: name: Jackson, David
name: Jones, Alan M.
name: Urano, Daisuke
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: HighlightMaize COMPACT PLANT 2, the alpha subunit of the heterotrimeric G protein complex, is important for some plastic developmental traits: shoot and root system architectures, and ear production.Plasticity in plant development is controlled by environmental signals through largely unknown signalling networks. Signalling coupled by the heterotrimeric G protein complex underlies various developmental pathways in plants. The morphology of two plastic developmental pathways, root system architecture and female inflorescence formation, was quantitatively assessed in a mutant compact plant 2 (ct2) lacking the alpha subunit of the heterotrimeric G protein complex in maize. The ct2 mutant partially compensated for a reduced shoot height by increased total leaf number, and had far more ears, even in the presence of pollination signals. The maize heterotrimeric G protein complex is important in some plastic developmental traits in maize. In particular, the maize Gα subunit is required to dampen the overproduction of female inflorescences.
An extensive study of blazar broad emission line: Changing-look blazars and Baldwin effect
Creators: name: Xiao, Hubing
name: Fan, Junhui
name: Ouyang, Zhihao
name: Hu, Liangjun
name: Chen, Guohai
name: Fu, Liping
name: Zhang, Shaohua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is known that the blazar jet emissions are dominated by non-thermal radiation while the accretion disk jets are normally dominated by thermal emission. In this work, our aim is to study the connection between the two types of emission by investigating the correlation between the blazar emission line intensity property, which embodies the nature of accretion disk, and the $γ$-ray flux property, which is the representative of jet emission. We compiled a sample of 656 blazars with available emission line equivalent widths ($EW$), the GeV $γ$-ray flux, and the SED information from the literature. In this work, we found 55 previous BCUs are now identified as FSRQs, and found 52 Changing-look blazars based on their $EW$ and 45 of them are newly confirmed. These Changing-look blazars have a larger accretion ratio (${\dot M}/{\dot M}_{\rm Edd}$) than BL Lac objects. In addition, we suggest that the lower synchrotron peak blazars (LSPs) could be the source of Changing-look blazars because 90.7\% of the Changing-look blazars in this work are confirmed as LSPs. An anti-correlation between $EW$ and continuum intensity, the so-called global Baldwin effect (BEff) has been confirmed. We suggest the steeper global BEff observed for blazar than for radio-quiet active galactic nuclei (RQ-AGNs) is caused by the inverse Compton scattering of broad-emission-line photons. This interpretation is further supported by the positive correlation between the emission line $EW$ and intrinsic inverse Compton luminosity.
description: Accepted to ApJ
Effect of current injection into thin-film Josephson junctions
Creators: name: Kogan, V. G.
name: Mints, R. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: New thin-film Josephson junctions have recently been tested in which the current injected into one of the junction banks governs Josephson phenomena. One thus can continuously manage the phase distribution at the junction by changing the injected current. A method of calculating the distribution of injected currents is proposed for a half-infinite thin-film strip with source-sink points at arbitrary positions at the film edges. The strip width $W$ is assumed small relative to $Λ=2λ^2/d$, $λ$ is the bulk London penetration depth of the film material, $d$ is the film thickness.
description: 5 pages, 7 figures
Identification of regulatory network hubs that control lipid metabolism in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
Creators: name: Hicks, Leslie M.
name: Kim, Min-Jeong
name: Shachar-Hill, Yair
name: Deshpande, Rahul R.
name: Park, Jeong-Jin
name: Wang, Hongxia
name: Holguin, F. Omar
name: Gang, David R.
name: Gargouri, Mahmoud
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: HighlightCharacterization of regulatory networks in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii led to the identification of regulatory hubs that control the repatterning of cellular metabolism that leads to triacylglycerol accumulation in microalgae.Microalgae-based biofuels are promising sources of alternative energy, but improvements throughout the production process are required to establish them as economically feasible. One of the most influential improvements would be a significant increase in lipid yields, which could be achieved by altering the regulation of lipid biosynthesis and accumulation. Chlamydomonas reinhardtii accumulates oil (triacylglycerols, TAG) in response to nitrogen (N) deprivation. Although a few important regulatory genes have been identified that are involved in controlling this process, a global understanding of the larger regulatory network has not been developed. In order to uncover this network in this species, a combined omics (transcriptomic, proteomic and metabolomic) analysis was applied to cells grown in a time course experiment after a shift from N-replete to N-depleted conditions. Changes in transcript and protein levels of 414 predicted transcription factors (TFs) and transcriptional regulators (TRs) were monitored relative to other genes. The TF and TR genes were thus classified by two separate measures: up-regulated versus down-regulated and early response versus late response relative to two phases of polar lipid synthesis (before and after TAG biosynthesis initiation). Lipidomic and primary metabolite profiling generated compound accumulation levels that were integrated with the transcript dataset and TF profiling to produce a transcriptional regulatory network. Evaluation of this proposed regulatory network led to the identification of several regulatory hubs that control many aspects of cellular metabolism, from N assimilation and metabolism, to central metabolism, photosynthesis and lipid metabolism.
One-dimensional wave equations defined by fractal Laplacians
Creators: name: Chan, John Fun-Choi
name: Ngai, Sze-Man
name: Teplyaev, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary: 81Q35, 28A80, 34L16, 65L60, 65L20, Secondary: 34L15, 65L15

description: We study one-dimensional wave equations defined by a class of fractal Laplacians. These Laplacians are defined by fractal measures generated by iterated function systems with overlaps, such as the well-known infinite Bernoulli convolution associated with the golden ratio and the 3-fold convolution of the Cantor measure. The iterated function systems defining these measures do not satisfy the post-critically finite condition or the open set condition. By using second-order self-similar identities introduced by Strichartz et al., we discretize the equations and use the finite element and central difference methods to obtain numerical approximations to the weak solutions. We prove that the numerical solutions converge to the weak solution, and obtain estimates for the rate of convergence.
An unusual reservoir of water emission in the VV CrA A protoplanetary disk
Creators: name: Salyk, Colette
name: Pontoppidan, Klaus M.
name: Banzatti, Andrea
name: Käufl, Ulrich
name: Hall, Cassandra
name: Pascucci, Ilaria
name: Carmona, Andrés
name: Blake, Geoffrey A.
name: Alexander, Richard
name: Kamp, Inga
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an analysis of an unusual pattern of water vapor emission from the $\sim$2 Myr-old low-mass binary system VV CrA, as observed in infrared spectra obtained with VLT-CRIRES, VLT-VISIR, and Spitzer-IRS. Each component of the binary shows emission from water vapor in both the L ($\sim3\,μ$m) and N ($\sim 12\,μ$m) bands. The N-band and Spitzer spectra are similar to those previously observed from young stars with disks, and are consistent with emission from an extended protoplanetary disk. Conversely, the CRIRES L-band data of VV CrA A show an unusual spectrum, which requires the presence of a water reservoir with high temperature ($T\gtrsim1500$ K), column density ($N_\mathrm{H2O}\sim 3\times10^{20}\ \mathrm{cm}^{-2}$), and turbulent broadening ($v\sim 10$ km s$^{-1}$), but very small emitting area ($A\lesssim0.005$ AU$^2$). Similarity with previously observed water emission from V1331 Cyg (Doppmann et al. 2011) and SVS 13 (Carr et al. 2004) suggests that the presence of such a reservoir may be linked to evolutionary state, perhaps related to the presence of high accretion rates or winds. While the inner disk may harbor such a reservoir, simple Keplerian models do not match well with emitting line shapes, and alternative velocity fields must be considered. We also present a new idea, that the unusual emission could arise in a circumplanetary disk, embedded within the larger VV CrA A protoplanetary disk. Additional data are likely required to determine the true physical origin of this unusual spectral pattern.
description: 32 pages, 17 figures, 5 appendix figures, 2 tables. Accepted for publication in ApJ
Tunable asymmetric magnetoimpedance effect in ferromagnetic NiFe/Cu/Co films
Creators: name: Silva, E. F.
name: Gamino, M.
name: de Andrade, A. M. H.
name: Corrêa, M. A.
name: Vázquez, M.
name: Bohn, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the magnetization dynamics through the magnetoimpedance effect in ferromagnetic NiFe/Cu/Co films. We observe that the magnetoimpedance response is dependent on the thickness of the non-magnetic Cu spacer material, a fact associated to the kind of the magnetic interaction between the ferromagnetic layers. Thus, we present an experimental study on asymmetric magnetoimpedance in ferromagnetic films with biphase magnetic behavior and explore the possibility of tuning the linear region of the magnetoimpedance curves around zero magnetic field by varying the thickness of the non-magnetic spacer material, and probe current frequency. We discuss the experimental magnetoimpedance results in terms of the different mechanisms governing the magnetization dynamics at distinct frequency ranges, quasi-static magnetic properties, thickness of the non-magnetic spacer material, and the kind of the magnetic interaction between the ferromagnetic layers. The results place ferromagnetic films with biphase magnetic behavior exhibiting asymmetric magnetoimpedance effect as a very attractive candidate for application as probe element in the development of auto-biased linear magnetic field sensors.
description: 5 figures
Contributions of modern measurement theory to measuring executive function in early childhood: An empirical demonstration
Creators: name: Wirth, R.J.
name: Willoughby, Michael T.
name: Blair, Clancy B.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: This study demonstrates the merits of evaluating a newly developed battery of executive function tasks, designed for use in early childhood, from the perspective of item response theory (IRT). The battery was included in the 48-month assessment of the Family Life Project, a prospective longitudinal study of 1292 children oversampled from low-income and African American families. IRT models were applied to a select set of tasks to demonstrate empirically (a) a principled method for item evaluation, including the utility of item characteristic curves; (b) how to explicitly test whether the measurement properties of executive function tasks are invariant across mutually exclusive subgroups of youths; (c) how the precision of measurement of a given task can vary according to underlying child ability; and (d) the utility of using IRT-based versus percentage correct scores. Results are discussed with respect to the importance of developing psychometrically sound and scalable instruments
Relations between children’s metamemory and strategic performance: Time-varying covariates in early elementary school
Creators: name: Grammer, Jennie K.
name: Coffman, Jennifer L.
name: Purtell, Kelly M.
name: Ornstein, Peter A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Although much is known about the development of memory strategies and metamemory in childhood, evidence for linkages between these memory skills, either concurrently or over time, has been limited. Drawing from a longitudinal investigation of the development of memory, repeated assessments of children’s (N=107) strategy use and declarative metamemory were made, in order to examine the development of these skills and the relations between them over time. Latent curve models were used first to estimate the trajectories of children’s strategy use and metamemory and then to examine predictors of children’s performance in each of these domains. Children’s metamemory at the beginning of Grade 1 was linked to child- and home-level factors, whereas the development of both skills was related to maternal education level. Additional modeling of the longitudinal relations between strategic sorting and metacognitive knowledge indicated that metamemory at earlier time points was predictive of subsequent strategy use.
The development of children’s early memory skills
Creators: name: Haden, Catherine A.
name: Elischberger, Holger B.
name: Ornstein, Peter A.
name: O’Brien, Barbara S.
name: Burchinal, Margaret J.
name: Tyler, Caroline S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: A multi-task battery tapping nonverbal memory and language skills was used to assess 60 children at 18, 24, and 30 months. Analyses focused on the degree to which language, working memory, and deliberate memory skills were linked concurrently to children’s Elicited Imitation performance, and whether the patterns of association varied across the different ages. Language ability emerged as a predictor of immediate Elicited Imitation performance by 24 months and predicted delayed performance at each age. In addition to the contributions of language, the children’s abilities to search for and retrieve toys in the deliberate memory task were associated with their immediate Elicited Imitation performance at each age. In addition to language, working memory was positively associated with aspects of both immediate and delayed performance at all ages. The extent to which it was possible to replicate and extend previous cross-sectional work in this longitudinal study is discussed.
Lyman-$α$ Emitting Galaxies (LAEs) at Cosmic Dawn: Implications and Predictions
Creators: name: Salvador-Solé, Eduard
name: Manrique, Alberto
name: Mas-Hesse, J. Miguel
name: Cabello, Cristina
name: Gallego, Jesús
name: Rodríguez-Espinosa, José Miguel
name: Guzman, Rafael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The detection of Lyman-$α$ emitting galaxies (LAEs) puts severe constraints on the reionization history. In this Paper we derive the properties of very high-$z$ LAEs predicted in the only two reionization scenarios shown in a previous Paper to be consistent with current data on 15 independent evolving global (or averaged) cosmic properties regarding luminous objects and the intergalactic medium and the optical depth to electron scattering of ionized hydrogen to CMB photons: one with a monotonic behavior, which is completed by $z=6$, as commonly considered, and another one with a non-monotonic behavior with two full ionization events at $z=6$ and $z=10$. We find that the Ly$α$ luminosity functions of very high-$z$ LAEs are very distinct in those two scenarios. Thus, comparing these predictions to the observations that will soon be available thanks to new instruments such as the James Webb Space Telescope, it should be possible to unveil the right reionization scenario. In the meantime, we can compare the predicted redshift distribution and UV (or Lyman-$α$) luminosities of very high-$z$ LAEs to those of the few objects already observed at $z>7.5$. By doing that we find that such data are in tension with the single reionization scenario, while they are fully compatible with the double reionization scenario.
description: 16 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal. Minor changes included to match the published version
Predicting the accuracy of facial affect recognition: The interaction of child maltreatment and intellectual functioning
Creators: name: Putnam, Frank W.
name: Noll, Jennie G.
name: Shenk, Chad E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Previous research demonstrates that both child maltreatment and intellectual performance contribute uniquely to the accurate identification of facial affect by children and adolescents. The purpose of this study was to extend this research by examining whether child maltreatment affects the accuracy of facial recognition differently at varying levels of intellectual functioning. A sample of maltreated (n = 50) and nonmaltreated (n = 56) adolescent females, 14 to 19 years of age, was recruited to participate in this study. Participants completed demographic and study-related questionnaires and interviews to control for potential psychological and psychiatric confounds such as symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder, negative affect, and difficulties in emotion regulation. Participants also completed an experimental paradigm that recorded responses to facial affect displays starting in a neutral expression and changing into a full expression of one of six emotions: happiness, sadness, anger, disgust, fear, or surprise. Hierarchical multiple regression assessed the incremental advantage of evaluating the interaction between child maltreatment and intellectual functioning. Results indicated that the interaction term accounted for a significant amount of additional variance in the accurate identification of facial affect after controlling for relevant covariates and main effects. Specifically, maltreated females with lower levels of intellectual functioning were least accurate in identifying facial affect displays, whereas those with higher levels of intellectual functioning performed as well as nonmaltreated females. These results suggest that maltreatment and intellectual functioning interact to predict the recognition of facial affect, with potential long-term consequences for the interpersonal functioning of maltreated females.
Supplemental Material: Methods from Looking at the Ebbinghaus illusion: differences in neurocomputational requirements, not gaze-mediated attention, explain a classic perception-action dissociation
Creators: name: Whitwell, Robert L.
name: Garach, Mehul A.
name: Goodale, Melvyn A.
name: Sperandio, Irene
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: 170299 Cognitive Science not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Additional information about experimental procedure, eye and hand tracking, data pre-processing and statistical analysis
Acantholepis frauenfeldi , Mayr
Creators: name: Crawley, W. C.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1920
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Formicidae
Acantholepis
Acantholepis frauenfeldi

description: Acantholepis frauenfeldi, Mayr. ♀☿. N.E. of Baghdad, 1918, and several other localities (Evans).
description: Published as part of Crawley, W. C., 1920, Ants from Mesopotamia and north-west Persia (concluded), pp. 177-179 in Entomologists Record and Journal of Variation 32 on page 1, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.15001
Embodied language comprehension: Encoding-based and goal-driven processes.
Creators: name: Hoedemaker, Renske S.
name: Gordon, Peter C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Theories of embodied language comprehension have proposed that language is understood through perceptual simulation of the sensorimotor characteristics of its meaning. Strong support for this claim requires demonstration of encoding-based activation of sensorimotor representations that is distinct from task-related or goal-driven processes. Participants in three eye-tracking experiments were presented with triplets of either numbers or object and animal names. In Experiment 1, participants indicated whether the size of the referent of the middle object or animal name was in between the size of the two outer items. In Experiment 2, the object and animal names were encoded for an immediate recognition memory task. In Experiment 3, participants completed the same comparison task of Experiment 1 for both words and numbers. During the comparison tasks, word and number decision times showed a symbolic distance effect, such that response time was inversely related to the size difference between the items. A symbolic distance effect was also observed for animal and object encoding times in cases where encoding time likely reflected some goal-driven processes as well. When semantic size was irrelevant to the task (Experiment 2), it had no effect on word encoding times. Number encoding times showed a numerical distance priming effect: encoding time increased with numerical difference between items. Together these results suggest that while activation of numerical magnitude representations is encoding-based as well as goal-driven, activation of size information associated with words is goal-driven and does not occur automatically during encoding. This conclusion challenges strong theories of embodied cognition which claim that language comprehension consists of activation of analog sensorimotor representations irrespective of higher level processes related to context or task-specific goals.
Deblurring galaxy images with Tikhonov regularization on magnitude domain
Creators: name: Murata, Kazumi
name: Takeuchi, Tsutomu T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a regularization-based deblurring method that works efficiently for galaxy images. The spatial resolution of a ground-based telescope is generally limited by seeing conditions and much worse than space-based telescopes. This circumstance has generated considerable research interest in restoration of spatial resolution. Since image deblurring is a typical inverse problem and often ill-posed, solutions tend to be unstable. To obtain a stable solution, much research has adopted regularization-based methods for image deblurring, but the regularization term is not necessarily appropriate for galaxy images. Although galaxies have an exponential or Sersic profile, the conventional regularization assumes the image profiles to behave linear in space. The significant deviation between the assumption and real situation leads to blurring the images and smoothing out the detailed structures. Clearly, regularization on logarithmic, i.e. magnitude domain, should provide a more appropriate assumption, which we explore in this study. We formulate a problem of deblurring galaxy images by an objective function with a Tikhonov regularization term on magnitude domain. We introduce an iterative algorithm minimizing the objective function with a primal-dual splitting method. We investigate the feasibility of the proposed method using simulation and observation images. In the simulation, we blur galaxy images with a realistic point spread function and add both Gaussian and Poisson noises. For the evaluation with the observed images, we use galaxy images taken by the Subaru HSC-SSP. Both of these evaluations show that our method successfully recovers the spatial resolution of the images and significantly outperforms the conventional methods. The code is publicly available from the Github ( https://github.com/kzmurata-astro/PSFdeconv_amag ).
description: 14 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in PASJ. The code is available at https://github.com/kzmurata-astro/PSFdeconv_amag
Coordination of word recognition and oculomotor control during reading: The role of implicit lexical decisions.
Creators: name: Choi, Wonil
name: Gordon, Peter C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: The coordination of word-recognition and oculomotor processes during reading was evaluated in two eye-tracking experiments that examined how word skipping, where a word is not fixated during first-pass reading, is affected by the lexical status of a letter string in the parafovea and ease of recognizing that string. Ease of lexical recognition was manipulated through target-word frequency (Experiment 1) and through repetition priming between prime-target pairs embedded in a sentence (Experiment 2). Using the gaze-contingent boundary technique the target word appeared in the parafovea either with full preview or with transposed-letter (TL) preview. The TL preview strings were nonwords in Experiment 1 (e.g., bilnk created from the target blink), but were words in Experiment 2 (e.g., sacred created from the target scared). Experiment 1 showed greater skipping for high-frequency than low-frequency target words in the full preview condition but not in the TL preview (nonword) condition. Experiment 2 showed greater skipping for target words that repeated an earlier prime word than for those that did not, with this repetition priming occurring both with preview of the full target and with preview of the target’s TL neighbor word. However, time to progress from the word after the target was greater following skips of the TL preview word, whose meaning was anomalous in the sentence context, than following skips of the full preview word whose meaning fit sensibly into the sentence context. Together, the results support the idea that coordination between word-recognition and oculomotor processes occurs at the level of implicit lexical decisions.
What can we learn from the electromagnetic properties of hidden-charm molecular pentaquarks with single strangeness?
Creators: name: Wang, Fu-Lai
name: Zhou, Hong-Yan
name: Liu, Zhan-Wei
name: Liu, Xiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Inspired by the observation of the $P_{cs}(4459)$ and $P_{ψs}^Λ(4338)$, we systematically investigate the magnetic moments, the transition magnetic moments, and the radiative decay behaviors of the $S$-wave isoscalar $Ξ_c^{(\prime)}\bar D^{(*)}$ molecular pentaquark states in this work. Our quantitative investigation shows that their electromagnetic properties can provide important hint to decode the inner structure of these discussed isoscalar $Ξ_c^{(\prime)}\bar D^{*}$ molecular pentaquarks. As the potential research issue, we suggest future experiment to focus on the electromagnetic properties of these isoscalar $Ξ_c^{(\prime)}\bar D^{(*)}$ molecular pentaquarks, which are a typical hidden-charm molecular pentaquark system with single strangeness.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures and 9 tables. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2207.08660
It takes time to prime: Semantic priming in the ocular lexical decision task.
Creators: name: Hoedemaker, Renske S.
name: Gordon, Peter C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Two eye-tracking experiments were conducted in which the manual response mode typically used in lexical decision tasks (LDT) was replaced with an eye-movement response through a sequence of three words. This ocular LDT combines the explicit control of task goals found in LDTs with the highly practiced ocular response used in reading text. In Experiment 1, forward saccades indicated an affirmative LD on each word in the triplet. In Experiment 2, LD responses were delayed until all three letter strings had been read. The goal of the study was to evaluate the contribution of task goals and response mode to semantic priming. Semantic priming is very robust in tasks that involve recognition of words in isolation, such as LDT, while limited during text reading as measured using eye movements. Gaze durations in both experiments showed robust semantic priming even though ocular response times were much shorter than manual LDs for the same words in the English Lexicon Project. Ex-Gaussian distribution fits revealed that the priming effect was concentrated in estimates of τ, meaning that priming was most pronounced in the slow tail of the distribution. This pattern shows differential use of the prime information, which may be more heavily recruited in cases where the LD is difficult as indicated by longer response times. Compared to the manual LD responses, ocular LDs provide a more sensitive measure of this task-related influence on word recognition as measured by the LDT.
title: Definition of visceral obesity in patients with ischemic heart disease according to computed tomography
Creators: name: Kokov, Alexander
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Metabolic disorders
subject: Screening
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: CT-Quantitative
subject: Cardiovascular system
subject: Anatomy
subject: Abdomen
subject: Ischaemia / Infarction

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) has the most pronounced metabolic activity. Adipokines, secreted by VAT, cause the active formation of proinflammatory mediators. In addition, produced free fatty acids, promote the development of insulin resistance...
title: Paediatric Chest Radiograph Image Quality Audit - Children's Hospital Oxford, UK
Creators: name: Piotrowicz, Oskar
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quality assurance
subject: Technical aspects
subject: Conventional radiography
subject: Radiographers

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Chest radiography remains ausefultool for paediatric radiologists in the diagnosis of neonatal pathologies as well as in the older paediatric population. It is of particular importance that good quality images are acquiredin the neonatal and...
Additional computational files of Tuning the Properties of Macrocyclic Poplyparaphenylene Nanolassos via Copper-free Click Chemistry
Creators: name: Yang, Wudi
name: Dral, Pavlo O.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: Computational Chemistry

description: We provide additional raw data containing XYZ coordinates of all optimized species, archive files of Gaussian calculations as well as an Excel spreadsheet file with energies and charges
On the gluon operator effective potential in holographic Yang-Mills theory
Creators: name: Kiritsis, Elias
name: Li, Wenliang
name: Nitti, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The holographic formalism is applied to the calculation of the effective potential for the scalar glueball operator. Three different versions of this operator are defined, and for each we compute the associated effective potential and discuss its properties and scheme ambiguities. Contact is made to earlier attempts to guess this effective potential from the conformal anomaly. We apply our results to the Improved Holographic QCD model calculating the glueball condensate.
description: 46 pages, 5 figures
Similarity-based interference during language comprehension: Evidence from eye tracking during reading.
Creators: name: Lee, Yoonhyoung
name: Hendrick, Randall
name: Gordon, Peter C.
name: Johnson, Marcus
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2006

description: The nature of working memory operation during complex sentence comprehension was studied using eye-tracking methodology. Readers had difficulty when the syntax of a sentence required them to hold two similar noun phrases (NPs) in working memory before syntactically and semantically integrating either of the NPs with a verb. In sentence structures that placed these NPs at the same linear distances from one another but allowed integration with a verb for one of the NPs, the comprehension difficulty was not seen. These results are interpreted as indicating that similarity-based interference occurs online during the comprehension of complex sentences and that the degree of memory accessibility conventionally associated with different types of NPs does not have a strong effect on sentence processing.
title: Value of Computed Tomography (CT) guided biopsy in the assessment of vertebral column lesions and in pathogen recovery in discitis
Creators: name: Menon, Prashant
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Musculoskeletal spine
subject: Neuroradiology spine
subject: Interventional non-vascular
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: Biopsy
subject: Infection
subject: Cancer

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Assess the diagnostic yield of CT guided biopsies in spinal lesion Assess use of pre-biopsy antibiotics in cases of suspected discitis and whether they were stopped prior to...
Still at Odds with Conventional Galaxy Evolution: The Star Formation History of Ultra-Diffuse Galaxy Dragonfly 44
Creators: name: Webb, Kristi A.
name: Villaume, Alexa
name: Laine, Seppo
name: Romanowsky, Aaron J.
name: Balogh, Michael
name: van Dokkum, Pieter
name: Forbes, Duncan A.
name: Brodie, Jean
name: Martin, Christopher
name: Matuszewski, Matt
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the star formation history (SFH) of the ultra-diffuse galaxy (UDG) Dragonfly 44 (DF44) based on the simultaneous fit to near-ultraviolet to near-infrared photometry and high signal-to-noise optical spectroscopy. In fitting the observations we adopt an advanced physical model with a flexible SFH, and we discuss the results in the context of the degeneracies between stellar population parameters. Through reconstructing the mass-assembly history with a prior for extended star formation (akin to methods in the literature) we find that DF44 formed 90 per cent of its stellar mass by $z\sim 0.9$ ($\sim 7.2$ Gyr ago). In comparison, using a prior that prefers concentrated star formation (as informed by previous studies of DF44's stellar populations) suggests that DF44 formed as early as $z\sim 8$ ($\sim 12.9$ Gyr ago). Regardless of whether DF44 is old or very old, the SFHs imply early star formation and rapid quenching. This result, together with DF44's large size and evidence that it is on its first infall into the Coma cluster, challenges UDG formation scenarios from simulations that treat all UDGs as contiguous with the canonical dwarf population. While our results cannot confirm any particular formation scenario, we can conclude from this that DF44 experienced a rare quenching event.
description: 25 pages, 15 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Towards 21-cm Intensity Mapping at $z=2.28$ with uGMRT using the Tapered Gridded Estimator I: Foreground Avoidance
Creators: name: Pal, Srijita
name: Elahi, Kh. Md. Asif
name: Bharadwaj, Somnath
name: Ali, Sk. Saiyad
name: Choudhuri, Samir
name: Ghosh, Abhik
name: Chakraborty, Arnab
name: Datta, Abhirup
name: Roy, Nirupam
name: Choudhury, Madhurima
name: Dutta, Prasun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The post-reionization $(z \le 6)$ neutral hydrogen (HI) 21-cm intensity mapping signal holds the potential to probe the large scale structures, study the expansion history and constrain various cosmological parameters. Here we apply the Tapered Gridded Estimator (TGE) to estimate $P(k_{\perp},k_{\parallel})$ the power spectrum of the $z = 2.28$ $(432.8\, {\rm MHz})$ redshifted 21-cm signal using a $24.4\,{\rm MHz}$ sub-band drawn from uGMRT Band 3 observations of European Large-Area ISO Survey-North 1 (ELAIS-N1). The TGE allows us to taper the sky response which suppresses the foreground contribution from sources in the periphery of the telescope's field of view. We apply the TGE on the measured visibility data to estimate the multi-frequency angular power spectrum (MAPS) $C_{\ell}(Δν)$ from which we determine $P(k_{\perp},k_{\parallel})$ using maximum-likelihood which naturally overcomes the issue of missing frequency channels (55 \% here). The entire methodology is validated using simulations. For the data, using the foreground avoidance technique, we obtain a $2\,σ$ upper limit of $Δ^2(k) \le (133.97)^2 \, {\rm mK}^{2}$ for the 21-cm brightness temperature fluctuation at $k = 0.347 \, \textrm{Mpc}^{-1}$. This corresponds to $[Ω_{\rm HI}b_{\rm HI}] \le 0.23$, where $Ω_{\rm HI}$ and $b_{\rm HI}$ respectively denote the cosmic \HI mass density and the \HI bias parameter. A previous work has analyzed $8 \, {\rm MHz}$ of the same data at $z=2.19$, and reported $Δ^{2}(k) \le (61.49)^{2} \, {\rm mK}^{2}$ and $[Ω_{\rm HI} b_{\rm HI}] \le 0.11$ at $k=1 \, {\rm Mpc}^{-1}$. The upper limits presented here are still orders of magnitude larger than the expected signal corresponding to $Ω_{\rm HI} \sim 10^{-3}$ and $b_{\rm HI} \sim 2 $.
description: 13 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS