cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Parchi scientifici e incubatori per la creazione di start-up innovative. Un'analisi empirica sulle start up del settore Life Science in Piemonte
Creators: name: Pellicelli, Michela
name: Cerruti, Elisa
name: Casalegno, Cecilia
name: Bagnato, Giovanna
Publisher: name: ----
Year: 2023
Subjects: incubatori d’impresa, parchi scientifici, start up innovative, sviluppo economico, territorio

description: L'impatto positivo delle start-up innovative sulla crescita economica e lo sviluppo regionale è ben documentato, ma poche analisi si sono concentrate sullo sviluppo e la sopravvivenza di tali imprese in specifici settori, come le biotecnologie, le tecnologie pulite, le nanotecnologie e l'aerospazio. In particolare, questo studio esplorativo si propone di indagare la composizione delle start-up del settore Red Life Science (RLS) nel Piemonte, analizzando anche il numero di brevetti, la redditività e il tasso di occupazione generato, proprio per identificare l’impatto delle start up sul territorio. L'obiettivo è identificare le relazioni tra variabili chiave che influenzano il successo delle start-up in termini di qualità e innovazione della ricerca. La ricerca si è concentrata sullo studio delle start-up italiane nel settore RLS nel periodo 2013-2019, utilizzando dati da fonti affidabili come AIDA Bureau Van Dick ed il campione selezionato è stato suddiviso in tre cluster distinti: le start-up innovative italiane nel settore RLS, le start-up innovative RLS nel Piemonte e le start-up RLS incubate da enti piemontesi, inclusi 5 incubatori certificati e un parco scientifico. Questa suddivisione ha permesso di confrontare le diverse realtà tra di loro.

Questo studio rappresenta un contributo alla letteratura attuale, poiché sembrerebbero mancare indagini in grado di correlare l’azione delle start up innovative e l'evoluzione delle performance scientifiche nelle regioni del Sud Europa.
description: ----, Vol 14, No 4 (2023): ISSUE 4/2023
Strongly Coupled Chameleon Fields: New Horizons in Scalar Field Theory
Creators: name: Mota, David F.
name: Shaw, Douglas J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that as a result of non-linear self-interactions, scalar field theories that couple to matter much more strongly than gravity are not only viable but could well be detected by a number of future experiments, provided these are properly designed to do so.
description: 4 pages, 3 figs. Typos corrected. Comments added. Phys. Rev. Lett. in print
LMB Filter Based Tracking Allowing for Multiple Hypotheses in Object Reference Point Association*
Creators: name: Herrmann, Martin
name: Piroli, Aldi
name: Strohbeck, Jan
name: Müller, Johannes
name: Buchholz, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Autonomous vehicles need precise knowledge on dynamic objects in their surroundings. Especially in urban areas with many objects and possible occlusions, an infrastructure system based on a multi-sensor setup can provide the required environment model for the vehicles. Previously, we have published a concept of object reference points (e.g. the corners of an object), which allows for generic sensor "plug and play" interfaces and relatively cheap sensors. This paper describes a novel method to additionally incorporate multiple hypotheses for fusing the measurements of the object reference points using an extension to the previously presented Labeled Multi-Bernoulli (LMB) filter. In contrast to the previous work, this approach improves the tracking quality in the cases where the correct association of the measurement and the object reference point is unknown. Furthermore, this paper identifies options based on physical models to sort out inconsistent and unfeasible associations at an early stage in order to keep the method computationally tractable for real-time applications. The method is evaluated on simulations as well as on real scenarios. In comparison to comparable methods, the proposed approach shows a considerable performance increase, especially the number of non-continuous tracks is decreased significantly.
X-ray emission from MP Muscae: an old classical T Tauri star
Creators: name: Argiroffi, C.
name: Maggio, A.
name: Peres, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the properties of X-ray emitting plasma of MP Mus, an old classical T Tauri star. We aim at checking whether an accretion process produces the observed X-ray emission and at deriving the accretion parameters and the characteristics of the shock-heated plasma. We compare the properties of MP Mus with those of younger classical T Tauri stars to test whether age is related to the properties of the X-ray emission plasma. XMM-Newton X-ray spectra allows us to measure plasma temperatures, abundances, and electron density. In particular the density of cool plasma probes whether X-ray emission is produced by plasma heated in the accretion process. X-ray emission from MP Mus originates from high density cool plasma but a hot flaring component is also present, suggesting that both coronal magnetic activity and accretion contribute to the observed X-ray emission. We find a Ne/O ratio similar to that observed in the much younger classical T Tauri star BP Tau. From the soft part of the X-ray emission, mostly produced by plasma heated in the accretion shock, we derive a mass accretion rate of 5x10^{-11} M_{sun} yr^{-1}.
description: 4 pages, 4 postscript figures, accepted for publication as a Letter in Astronomy and Astrophysics
Certain systems of three falling balls satisfy the Chernov-Sinai Ansatz
Creators: name: Hofbauer-Tsiflakos, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37D50 (Primary), 37J10 (Secondary)

description: The system of falling balls is an autonomous Hamiltonian system with a smooth invariant measure and non-zero Lyapunov exponents almost everywhere. For almost three decades new, the question of its ergodicity remains open. We contribute to the solution of the erogodicity conjecture for three falling balls with a specific mass ratio in the following two points: First, we prove the Chernov-Sinai ansatz. Second, we prove that there is an abundance of sufficiently expanding points. It is of special interest that for the aforementioned specific mass ratio, the configuration space can be unfolded to a billiard table, where the proper alignment condition holds.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1702.05601
Delinquent associations : the interactive effects of peer relationships on delinquency
Creators: name: Eliesen, Sara Kathleen
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Peer relationships have been a central tenet of most delinquency theories. Arguments derived from these theories assert that delinquency develops most frequently within a group context, however, there is less agreement concerning the types and attributes of the relationships delinquents have with their peers. This study explores the associations between delinquency and various aspects of peer relationships using Sutherland's differential association theory. The purpose of the study is: (1) to explore the delinquent activities of peers, and (2) to examine the interactive effects of delinquent peers on delinquency. Regression analyses with data from the National Youth Survey suggest that the prediction of serious delinquency is dominated by the interactive effects of peer variables and that peer relations differ across various age groups.
Progress in atom chips and the integration of optical microcavities
Creators: name: Hinds, E. A.
name: Trupke, M.
name: Darquié, B.
name: Goldwin, J.
name: Dutier, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review recent progress at the Centre for Cold Matter in developing atom chips. An important advantage of miniaturizing atom traps on a chip is the possibility of obtaining very tight trapping structures with the capability of manipulating atoms on the micron length scale. We recall some of the pros and cons of bringing atoms close to the chip surface, as is required in order to make small static structures, and we discuss the relative merits of metallic, dielectric and superconducting chip surfaces. We point out that the addition of integrated optical devices on the chip can enhance its capability through single atom detection and controlled photon production. Finally, we review the status of integrated microcavities that have recently been demonstrated at our Centre and discuss their prospects for future development.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures, proceedings of the ICOLS07 conference
First ground based measurement of atmospheric Cherenkov light from cosmic rays
Creators: name: HESS Collaboration
name: Aharonian, F. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A recently proposed novel technique for the detection of cosmic rays with arrays of Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes is applied to data from the High Energy Stereoscopic System (H.E.S.S.). The method relies on the ground based detection of Cherenkov light emitted from the primary particle prior to its first interaction in the atmosphere. The charge of the primary particle (Z) can be estimated from the intensity of this light, since it is proportional to Z$^2$. Using H.E.S.S. data, an energy spectrum for cosmic-ray iron nuclei in the energy range 13--200 TeV is derived. The reconstructed spectrum is consistent with previous direct measurements and is one of the most precise so far in this energy range.
description: 14 pages, 13 figures, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D
Sky visibility analysis for astrophysical data return maximization in HERMES constellation
Creators: name: Colagrossi, Andrea
name: Prinetto, Jacopo
name: Silvestrini, Stefano
name: Lavagna, Michèle
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: HERMES is a scientific mission composed of 3U nano-satellites dedicated to the detection and localization of high-energy astrophysical transients, with a distributed space architecture to form a constellation in Earth orbits. The space segment hosts novel miniaturized detectors to probe the X-ray temporal emission of bright events, such as Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs), and the electromagnetic counterparts of Gravitational Wave Events (GWEs), playing a crucial role in future multi-messenger astrophysics. During operations, at least three instruments, separated by a minimum distance shall observe a common area of the sky to perform a triangulation of the observed event. An effective detection by the nano-satellite payload is achieved by guaranteeing a beneficial orbital and pointing configuration of the constellation. The design has to cope with the limitations imposed by small space systems, such as the lack of on-board propulsion and the reduced systems budgets. The paper describes the methodologies and the proposed strategies to overcome the mission limitations, while achieving a satisfactory constellation visibility of the sky throughout the mission duration. The mission design makes use of a high-fidelity orbit propagator, combined with an innovative mission analysis tool that estimates the scientific performances of the constellation. The influence of the natural relative motion, which is crucial to achieve an effective constellation configuration without on-board orbit control, is assessed. The presented methodology can be easily extended to any kind of distributed scientific space applications, as well as to constellations dedicated to Earth and planetary observation. In addition, the visibility tool is applicable in the context of the constellation flight dynamics operations, yielding optimized results and pointing plans based on actual satellite orbital positions.
description: 31 pages, 18 figures, 3 tables. Published in Journal of Astronomical Telescopes, Instruments, and Systems
Detecting cold gas at intermediate redshifts: GMRT survey using Mg II systems
Creators: name: Gupta, Neeraj
name: Srianand, R.
name: Petitjean, P.
name: Khare, P.
name: Saikia, D. J.
name: York, D. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Intervening HI 21-cm absorption systems at z > 1.0 are very rare and only 4 confirmed detections have been reported in the literature. Despite their scarcity, they provide interesting and unique insights into the physical conditions in the interstellar medium of high-z galaxies. Moreover, they can provide independent constraints on the variation of fundamental constants. We report 3 new detections based on our ongoing Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope (GMRT) survey for 21-cm absorbers at 1.10< z_abs< 1.45 from candidate damped Lyman_alpha systems. The 21-cm lines are narrow for the z_abs = 1.3710 system towards SDSS J0108-0037 and z_abs = 1.1726 system toward SDSS J2358-1020. Based on line full-width at half maximum, the kinetic temperatures are <= 5200 K and <=800 K, respectively. The 21-cm absorption profile of the third system, z_abs =1.1908 system towards SDSS J0804+3012, is shallow, broad and complex, extending up to 100 km/s. The centroids of the 21-cm lines are found to be shifted with respect to the corresponding centroids of the metal lines derived from SDSS spectra. This may mean that the 21-cm absorption is not associated with the strongest metal line component.
description: 13 pages with 5 figures. Accepted for publication in ApJL
On the X-ray and optical properties of the Be star HD 110432: a very hard-thermal X-ray emitter
Creators: name: de Oliveira, Raimundo Lopes
name: Motch, Christian
name: Smith, Myron A.
name: Negueruela, Ignacio
name: Torrejon, Jose M.
name: ;
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: (ABRIDGED) - HD 110432 is the first proposed, and best studied, member of a growing group of Be stars with X-ray properties similar to gamma Cas. These stars exhibit hard-thermal X-ray emissions (kT ~> 7 keV) that are variable on all measurable timescales. In this work we present X-ray spectral and timing properties of HD 110432 from three XMM-Newton observations in addition to new optical spectroscopic observations. Its X-ray spectrum, complex and timing dependent, is well described in each observation by three thermal plasmas with temperatures ranging between 0.4-0.7, 3-6, and 21-37 keV. Thus, HD 110432 has the hottest thermal plasma of any known Be star. A sub-solar iron abundance (~ 0.3-0.5 x ZFe_sun) is derived for the hottest plasma. The star has a moderate 0.2-12 keV luminosity of ~ 5 x 10^32 erg/s. Recurrent flare-like events on time scales as short as ~ 10 seconds are superimposed over a slowly ~ 5-10 x 10^3 seconds varying basal flux, followed by similarly rapid hardness variabilities. There is no evidence for coherent oscillations, and an upper limit of ~ 2.5% is derived on the pulsed fraction for short pulsations from 0.005 to 2.5 Hz. In the optical region the strong and quasi-symmetrical profile of the Halpha line (EW \~ -60 Angs.) as well as the detection of several metallic lines in emission strongly suggest a dense and/or large circumstellar disk. HD 110432 has several properties reminiscence of the cataclysmic variables such as a very hot X-ray temperature and its detailed spectral features. This suggests that it might be a Be star harbouring an accreting white dwarf. On the other hand, accumulating evidence of magnetic activities in the literature supports the surface-disk of the star as being the X-ray site.
description: 17 pages, 10 figures, A&A in press
Optimal unambiguous discrimination of two subspaces as a case in mixed state discrimination
Creators: name: Bergou, Janos A.
name: Feldman, Edgar
name: Hillery, Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show how to optimally unambiguously discriminate between two subspaces of a Hilbert space. In particular we suppose that we are given a quantum system in either the state ψ_{1}, where ψ_{1} can be any state in the subspace S_{1}, or ψ_{2}, where ψ_{2} can be any state in the subspace S_{2}, and our task is to determine in which of the subspaces the state of our quantum system lies. We do not want to make a mistake, which means that our procedure will sometimes fail if the subspaces are not orthogonal. This is a special case of the unambiguous discrimination of mixed states. We present the POVM that solves this problem and several applications of this procedure, including the discrimination of multipartite states without classical communication.
description: 8 pages, replaced with published version
The observational legacy of preon stars - probing new physics beyond the LHC
Creators: name: Sandin, F.
name: Hansson, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss possible ways to observationally detect the superdense cosmic objects composed of hypothetical sub-constituent fermions beneath the quark/lepton level, recently proposed by us. The characteristic mass and size of such objects depend on the compositeness scale, and their huge density cannot arise within a context of quarks and leptons alone. Their eventual observation would therefore be a direct vindication of physics beyond the standard model of particle physics, possibly far beyond the reach of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), in a relatively simple and inexpensive manner. If relic objects of this type exist, they can possibly be detected by present and future x-ray observatories, high-frequency gravitational wave detectors, and seismological detectors. To have a realistic detection rate, i.e., to be observable, they must necessarily constitute a significant fraction of cold dark matter.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures. Added one reference [24]. Reformulated the discussion at the end of Section II. Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D
Disentangling Community-level Changes in Crime Trends During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Chicago
Creators: name: Campedelli, Gian Maria
name: Favarin, Serena
name: Aziani, Alberto
name: Piquero, Alex R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Economics (econ.GN)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recent studies exploiting city-level time series have shown that, around the world, several crimes declined after COVID-19 containment policies have been put in place. Using data at the community-level in Chicago, this work aims to advance our understanding on how public interventions affected criminal activities at a finer spatial scale. The analysis relies on a two-step methodology. First, it estimates the community-wise causal impact of social distancing and shelter-in-place policies adopted in Chicago via Structural Bayesian Time-Series across four crime categories (i.e., burglary, assault, narcotics-related offenses, and robbery). Once the models detected the direction, magnitude and significance of the trend changes, Firth's Logistic Regression is used to investigate the factors associated to the statistically significant crime reduction found in the first step of the analyses. Statistical results first show that changes in crime trends differ across communities and crime types. This suggests that beyond the results of aggregate models lies a complex picture characterized by diverging patterns. Second, regression models provide mixed findings regarding the correlates associated with significant crime reduction: several relations have opposite directions across crimes with population being the only factor that is stably and positively associated with significant crime reduction.
description: 33 pages, 9 figures, published in Crime Science
Theory for a Hanbury Brown Twiss experiment with a ballistically expanding cloud of cold atoms
Creators: name: Gomes, Jose Viana
name: Perrin, Aurélien
name: Schellekens, Martijn
name: Boiron, Denis
name: Westbrook, Christoph I.
name: Belsley, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have studied one-body and two-body correlation functions in a ballistically expanding, non-interacting atomic cloud in the presence of gravity. We find that the correlation functions are equivalent to those at thermal equilibrium in the trap with an appropriate rescaling of the coordinates. We derive simple expressions for the correlation lengths and give some physical interpretations. Finally a simple model to take into account finite detector resolution is discussed.
HESS J1858+020: A GeV-TeV source possibly powered by CRs from SNR G35.6-0.4
Creators: name: Cui, Y.
name: Xin, Y.
name: Liu, S.
name: Tam, P. H. T.
name: Puehlhofer, G.
name: Zhu, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context: The supernova remnant (SNR) G35.6-0.4 shows a non-thermal radio shell, however, no γ-ray or X-ray counterparts have been found for it thus far. One TeV source, HESS J1858+020, was found near the SNR and this source is spatially associated with some clouds at 3.6 kpc. Aims: To attain a better understanding of the origin of HESS J1858+020, we further investigate the association between SNR cosmic rays (CRs) and the clouds through the Fermi-LAT analysis and hadronic modeling. Methods: We performed the Fermi-LAT analysis to explore the GeV emission in and around the SNR. We explored the SNR physics with previously observed multi-wavelength data. We built a hadronic model using runaway CRs of the SNR to explain the GeV-TeV observation. Results: We found a hard GeV source (SrcX2) that is spatially coincident with both HESS J1858+020 and a molecular cloud complex at 3.6 kpc. In addition, a soft GeV source (SrcX1) was found at the northern edge of the SNR. The GeV spectrum of SrcX2 connects well with the TeV spectrum of HESS J1858+020. The entire γ-ray spectrum ranges from several GeV up to tens of TeV and it follows a power-law with an index of ~2.15. We discuss several pieces of observational evidence to support the middle-aged SNR argument. Using runaway CRs from the SNR, our hadronic model explains the GeV-TeV emission at HESS J1858+020, with a diffusion coefficient that is much lower than the Galactic value.
Recordings of child language and child-caregiver interaction with Child 12, a female child aged 4 years, 11 months, 4 days
Creators: name: Skilton, Amalia Horan
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: tca

description: Audio and video recordings of object play between this child and her primary caregiver. Researcher present.

Audio and video recordings of free play between this child and her primary caregiver. Researcher not present.

This is the same child as Child 27 in the materials collected in 2019 (Bundle 2018-19.065). She was not recorded in the 2022 materials.

Text file describing contents of recordings.

This is the same child as Child 27 in the materials collected in 2019 (Bundle 2018-19.065).
The phase space of 2+1 gravity
Creators: name: Fugleberg, Todd Darwin
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: In recent years there has been a resurgence of interest in 2+1 gravity and there have been claims that 2+1 gravity is quantizable. In order to understand and evaluate these claims the classical phase space on which quantization is attempted must be understood. This thesis is an attempt to understand the phase space of 2+1 gravity in terms of physical models. We write the action of 2+1 gravity in the connection formalism entirely in terms of the holonomies of a genus g surface. We apply this formulation to the genus one and two surfaces. We analyze the structure of the genus two constrained configuration space in detail to show that it consists of five disconnected components. Relating our results to a more mathematical analysis we show that only two of these regions are physically relevant and these two are identified with one another. Finally, we discuss the phase space of the genus one and two surfaces including the effect of large diffeomorphisms. We conclude that the theory does not lead to a well defined quantization.
Unveiling the nature of INTEGRAL objects through optical spectroscopy. VI. A multi-observatory identification campaign
Creators: name: Masetti, N.
name: Mason, E.
name: Morelli, L.
name: Cellone, S. A.
name: McBride, V. A.
name: Palazzi, E.
name: Bassani, L.
name: Bazzano, A.
name: Bird, A. J.
name: Charles, P. A.
name: Dean, A. J.
name: Galaz, G.
name: Gehrels, N.
name: Landi, R.
name: Malizia, A.
name: Minniti, D.
name: Panessa, F.
name: Romero, G. E.
name: Stephen, J. B.
name: Ubertini, P.
name: Walter, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using 8 telescopes in the northern and southern hemispheres, plus archival data from two on-line sky surveys, we performed a systematic optical spectroscopic study of 39 putative counterparts of unidentified or poorly studied INTEGRAL sources in order to determine or at least better assess their nature. This was implemented within the framework of our campaign to reveal the nature of newly-discovered and/or unidentified sources detected by INTEGRAL. Our results show that 29 of these objects are active galactic nuclei (13 of which are of Seyfert 1 type, 15 are Seyfert 2 galaxies and one is possibly a BL Lac object) with redshifts between 0.011 and 0.316, 7 are X-ray binaries (5 with high-mass companions and 2 with low-mass secondaries), one is a magnetic cataclysmic variable, one is a symbiotic star and one is possibly an active star. Thus, the large majority (74%) of the identifications in this sample belongs to the AGN class. When possible, the main physical parameters for these hard X-ray sources were also computed using the multiwavelength information available in the literature. These identifications further underscore the importance of INTEGRAL in studying the hard X-ray spectra of all classes of X-ray emitting objects, and the effectiveness of a strategy of multi-catalogue cross-correlation plus optical spectroscopy to securely pinpoint the actual nature of still unidentified hard X-ray sources.
description: 20 pages, 14 figures, 7 tables. Accepted for publication on Astronomy & Astrophysics, main journal. Figures 1-5 are in .jpg format to fit the arXiv uploads size limits
Formation of S0s in extreme environments II: the star-formation histories of bulges, discs and lenses
Creators: name: Johnston, Evelyn J.
name: Aragón-Salamanca, Alfonso
name: Fraser-McKelvie, Amelia
name: Merrifield, Michael
name: Häußler, Boris
name: Coccato, Lodovico
name: Jaffé, Yara
name: Cortesi, Ariana
name: Chies-Santos, Ana
name: Del Pino, Bruno Rodríguez
name: Sheen, Yun-Kyeong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Different processes have been proposed to explain the formation of S0s, including mergers, disc instabilities and quenched spirals. These processes are expected to dominate in different environments, and thus leave characteristic footprints in the kinematics and stellar populations of the individual components within the galaxies. New techniques enable us to cleanly disentangle the kinematics and stellar populations of these components in IFU observations. In this paper, we use buddi to spectroscopically extract the light from the bulge, disc and lens components within a sample of 8 S0 galaxies in extreme environments observed with MUSE. While the spectra of bulges and discs in S0 galaxies have been separated before, this work is the first to isolate the spectra of lenses. Stellar populations analysis revealed that the bulges and lenses have generally similar or higher metallicities than the discs, and the $α$-enhancement of the bulges and discs are correlated, while those of the lenses are completely unconnected to either component. We conclude that the majority of the mass in these galaxies was built up early in the lifetime of the galaxy, with the bulges and discs forming from the same material through dissipational processes at high redshift. The lenses, on the other hand, formed over independent timescales at more random times within the lifetime of the galaxy, possibly from evolved bars. The younger stellar populations and asymmetric features seen in the field S0s may indicate that these galaxies have been affected more by minor mergers than the cluster galaxies.
description: 25 pages, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Lie symmetries and solitons in nonlinear systems with spatially inhomogeneous nonlinearities
Creators: name: Belmonte-Beitia, Juan
name: Perez-Garcia, Victor M.
name: Vekslerchik, Vadym
name: Torres, Pedro J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using Lie group theory and canonical transformations we construct explicit solutions of nonlinear Schrodinger equations with spatially inhomogeneous nonlinearities. We present the general theory, use it to show that localized nonlinearities can support bound states with an arbitrary number solitons and discuss other applications of interest to the field of nonlinear matter waves.
The elephant in the interpretability room: Why use attention as explanation when we have saliency methods?
Creators: name: Bastings, Jasmijn
name: Filippova, Katja
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: There is a recent surge of interest in using attention as explanation of model predictions, with mixed evidence on whether attention can be used as such. While attention conveniently gives us one weight per input token and is easily extracted, it is often unclear toward what goal it is used as explanation. We find that often that goal, whether explicitly stated or not, is to find out what input tokens are the most relevant to a prediction, and that the implied user for the explanation is a model developer. For this goal and user, we argue that input saliency methods are better suited, and that there are no compelling reasons to use attention, despite the coincidence that it provides a weight for each input. With this position paper, we hope to shift some of the recent focus on attention to saliency methods, and for authors to clearly state the goal and user for their explanations.
description: Accepted at BlackboxNLP 2020
Umsetzung von Provenance-Anfragen in Big-Data-Analytics-Umgebungen
Creators: name: Auge, Tanja
Publisher: name: Universität Rostock
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 004 Data processing Computer sciences

description: Ziel der Arbeit ist die Adaption von Techniken der Provenance-Anfragen why, where und how in Umgebungen, die statt einfacher Anfragen wie Selektion, Projektion und Verbund auch OLAP-Operationen und weitere Machine-Learning-Algorithmen benutzen. Die ausschließlich extensionalen Provenance-Antworten werden dabei durch Provenance-Polynome sowie (minimalen) Zeugenbasen gegeben. Die Erweiterung des CHASE-Algorithmus für Datenbanken um eine BACKCHASE-Phase zur Provenance-Antwort-Bewertung ermöglicht so die Bestimmung des CHASE-Inversentyps (exakt/relaxt/ergebnisäquivalent) einer gegebenen Anfrage.
Mechanics and dynamics of two-dimensional quasiperiodic composites
Creators: name: Beli, Danilo
name: Rosa, Matheus I. N.
name: Marqui, Carlos De
name: Ruzzene, Massimo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Periodic configurations have dominated the design of phononic and elastic-acoustic metamaterial structures for the past decades. Unlike periodic crystals, quasicrystals lack translational symmetry but are unrestricted in rotational symmetries, which leads to largely unexplored mechanical and dynamic properties. We investigate a family of continuous elastic quasicrystals with different rotational symmetry orders that are directly enforced through a design procedure in reciprocal space. Their mechanical properties are investigated as a function of symmetry order and filling fraction. Results indicate that higher order symmetries, such as 8-, 10- and 14-fold, allow for high equivalent stiffness characteristics that interpolate those of the constituent material while maintaining high levels of isotropy for all filling fractions. Thus, quasiperiodic composites exhibit more uniform strain energy distributions when compared to periodic hexagonal configurations. Similarly, nearly-isotropic wave propagation is observed over a broader range of frequencies. Spectral contents are also investigated by enforcing rotational symmetry constraints in a wedge-type unit cell, which allows for the estimation of band gaps that are confirmed in frequency response computations. The investigations presented herein open avenues for the general exploration of the properties of quasiperiodic media, with potentials for novel architectured material designs that expand the opportunities provided by periodic media.
[ArIII]/[OIII] and [SIII]/[OIII]: well-behaved oxygen abundance indicators for HII regions and star forming galaxies
Creators: name: Stasinska, Grazyna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose two statistical methods to derive oxygen abundances in HII regions and star forming galaxies and calibrate them with a sample of several hundred giant HII regions in spiral and blue compact galaxies as well as of galaxies from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. We show the advantages of our new abundance indicators over previous ones.
description: accepted as Letter to Astronomy & Astrophysics
Symmetry energy effect on the secondary component of GW190814 as a neutron star
Creators: name: Wu, Xuhao
name: Bao, Shishao
name: Shen, Hong
name: Xu, Renxin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The secondary component of GW190814 with a mass of 2.50-2.67 $M_{\odot}$ may be the lightest black hole or the heaviest neutron star ever observed in a binary compact object system. To explore the possible equation of state (EOS), which can support such massive neutron star, we apply the relativistic mean-field model with a density-dependent isovector coupling constant to describe the neutron-star matter. The acceptable EOS should satisfy some constraints: the EOS model can provide a satisfactory description of the nuclei; the maximum mass $M_\textrm{TOV}$ is above 2.6 $M_{\odot}$; the tidal deformability of a canonical 1.4 $M_{\odot}$ neutron star $Λ_{1.4}$ should lie in the constrained range from GW170817. In this paper, we find that the nuclear symmetry energy and its density dependence play a crucial role in determining the EOS of neutron-star matter. The constraints from the mass of 2.6 $M_{\odot}$ and the tidal deformability $Λ_{1.4}=616_{-158}^{+273}$ (based on the assumption that GW190814 is a neutron star-black hole binary) can be satisfied as the slope of symmetry energy $L \leq 50$ MeV. Even including the constraint of $Λ_{1.4}=190_{-120}^{+390}$ from GW170817 which suppresses the EOS stiffness at low density, the possibility that the secondary component of GW190814 is a massive neutron star cannot be excluded in this study.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures
Behavior of methylisothiocyanate under varying soil water regime and soil properties
Creators: name: Frick, Arlan V. H.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Soil fumigants have been identified as a potential risk to groundwater quality in unconfined aquifers in the Lower Fraser Valley of British Columbia. Metam-sodium, which converts in soil primarily to the volatile biocidal compound methylisothiocyanate (MITC), has seen increased usage in the area in recent years. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of soil water regime and soil properties on the behavior of MITC in soil. The partitioning of MITC to leaching loss, volatilization loss, soil extractable MITC, and MITC degradation were determined in repacked soil columns under three differing leaching regimes and in four soils with differing clay and organic carbon contents. Degradation of MITC was generally rapid. In the four soil types examined, > 90 % of applied MITC was degraded in less than 83 days. Volatilization loss of MITC increased with increasing soil air filled porosity and was inhibited by water application. In another experiment, with no water application in a coarse textured soil, approximately 30 % of applied MITC was volatilized over a 35 day period. MITC was very mobile in soil; negligible soil extractable MITC concentrations were measured after completion of the experiments and MITC movement was only slightly retarded compared to bromide, a conservative tracer. The extent of MITC retention compared to bromide increased with increasing soil organic carbon content, suggesting retention by sorption to soil organic matter. The proportion of MITC lost by leaching was dependent on the amount of MITC remaining in the soil after losses by degradation and volatilization processes, and was not related to soil clay or organic carbon content. These results suggest MITC would not normally present a risk to groundwater quality, but because of its high mobility in soil some risk is possible in situations where degradation and volatilization processes are slow in removing MITC from the soil, and water infiltration is high.
HV 11423: The Coolest Supergiant in the SMC
Creators: name: Massey, Philip
name: Levesque, Emily M.
name: Olsen, K. A. G.
name: Plez, bertrand
name: Skiff, B. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We call attention to the fact that one of the brightest red supergiants in the SMC has recently changed its spectral type from K0-1 I (December 2004) to M4 I (December 2005) and back to K0-1 I (September 2006). An archival spectrum from the Very Large Telescope reveals that the star was even cooler (M4.5-M5 I) in December 2001. By contrast, the star was observed to be an M0 I in both October 1978 and October 1979. The M4-5 I spectral types is by far the latest type seen for an SMC supergiant, and its temperature in that state places it well beyond the Hayashi limit into a region of the H-R diagram where the star should not be in hydrostatic equilibrium. The star is variable by nearly 2 mag in V, but essentially constant in K. Our modeling of its spectral energy distribution shows that the visual extinction has varied during this time, but that the star has remained essentially constant in bolometric luminosity. We suggest that the star is currently undergoing a period of intense instability, with its effective temperature changing from 4300 K to 3300 K on the time-scale of months. It has one of the highest 12-micron fluxes of any RSG in the SMC, and we suggest that the variability at V is due primarily to changes in effective temperature, and secondly, due to changes in the local extinction due to creation and dissipation of circumstellar dust. We speculate that the star may be nearing the end of its life.
description: Accepted by the Astrophysical Journal
Assessing Household's Benefit from Flood Risk Reductionin Lower Chao Phraya River Basin
Creators: name: Penporn Janekarnkij, Akarapong Untong
Publisher: name: Center for Applied Economics Research (CAER), Faculty of Economics, Kasetsart University
Year: 2015
Subjects: economic benefit, flood risk, contingent valuation method, willingness to pay

description: 1, 22, Applied Economics Journal
Phase relaxation and pattern formation in holographic gapless charge density waves
Creators: name: Andrade, Tomas
name: Baggioli, Matteo
name: Krikun, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the dynamics of spontaneous translation symmetry breaking in holographic models in presence of weak explicit sources. We show that, unlike conventional gapped quantum charge density wave systems, this dynamics is well characterized by the effective time dependent Ginzburg-Landau equation, both above and below the critical temperature, which leads to a "gapless" algebraic pattern of metal-insulator phase transition. In this framework we elucidate the nature of the damped Goldstone mode (the phason), which has earlier been identified in the effective hydrodynamic theory of pinned charge density wave and observed in holographic homogeneous lattice models. We follow the motion of the quasinormal modes across the dynamical phase transition in models with either periodic inhomogeneous or helical homogeneous spatial structures, showing that the phase relaxation rate is continuous at the critical temperature. Moreover, we find that the qualitative low-energy dynamics of the broken phase is universal, insensitive to the precise pattern of translation symmetry breaking, and therefore applies to homogeneous models as well.
description: 25 pages + appendices, 13 figures
A Study of Maize Farmers' Incomes and Vicious cycle of Highland Maize farming
Creators: name: Khemarat Talerngsri Teerasuwannajak And Sittidaj Pongkijvorasin
Publisher: name: Center for Applied Economics Research (CAER), Faculty of Economics, Kasetsart University
Year: 2015
Subjects: maize farming, highland farming, income accumulation, informal credit, viciouscycle of highland maize farming

description: 1, 22, Applied Economics Journal
Modification of the $ω$-Meson Lifetime in Nuclear Matter
Creators: name: Kotulla, M.
name: Trnka, D.
name: Mühlich, P.
name: Anton, G.
name: Bacelar, J. C. S.
name: Bartholomy, O.
name: Bayadilov, D.
name: Beloglazov, Y. A.
name: Bogendörfer, R.
name: Castelijns, R.
name: Crede, V.
name: Dutz, H.
name: Ehmanns, A.
name: Elsner, D.
name: Ewald, R.
name: Fabry, I.
name: Fuchs, M.
name: Essig, K.
name: Funke, Ch.
name: Gothe, R.
name: Gregor, R.
name: Gridnev, A. B.
name: Gutz, E.
name: Höffgen, S.
name: Hoffmeister, P.
name: Horn, I.
name: Hössl, J.
name: Jaegle, I.
name: Junkersfeld, J.
name: Kalinowsky, H.
name: Klein, Frank
name: Klein, Fritz
name: Klempt, E.
name: Konrad, M.
name: Kopf, B.
name: Krusche, B.
name: Langheinrich, J.
name: Löhner, H.
name: Lopatin, I. V.
name: Lotz, J.
name: Lugert, S.
name: Menze, D.
name: Messchendorp, J. G.
name: Mertens, T.
name: Metag, V.
name: Mosel, U.
name: Nanova, M.
name: Novotny, R.
name: Ostrick, M.
name: Pant, L. M.
name: van Pee, H.
name: Pfeiffer, M.
name: Roy, A.
name: Radkov, A.
name: Schadmand, S.
name: Schmidt, Ch.
name: Schmieden, H.
name: Schoch, B.
name: Shende, S.
name: Suft, G.
name: Sumachev, V. V.
name: Szczepanek, T.
name: Süle, A.
name: Thoma, U.
name: Varma, R.
name: Walther, D.
name: Weinheimer, Ch.
name: Wendel, Ch.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The photo production of $ω$ mesons on the nuclei C, Ca, Nb and Pb has been measured using the Crystal Barrel/TAPS detector at the ELSA tagged photon facility in Bonn. The dependence of the $ω$ meson cross section on the nuclear mass number has been compared with three different types of models, a Glauber analysis, a BUU analysis of the Giessen theory group and a calculation by the Valencia theory group. In all three cases, the inelastic $ω$ width is found to be $130-150 \rm{MeV/c^2}$ at normal nuclear matter density for an average 3-momentum of 1.1 GeV/c. In the restframe of the $ω$ meson, this inelastic $ω$ width corresponds to a reduction of the $ω$ lifetime by a factor $\approx 30$. For the first time, the momentum dependent $ω$N cross section has been extracted from the experiment and is in the range of 70 mb.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Load What You Need: Smaller Versions of Multilingual BERT
Creators: name: Abdaoui, Amine
name: Pradel, Camille
name: Sigel, Grégoire
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Pre-trained Transformer-based models are achieving state-of-the-art results on a variety of Natural Language Processing data sets. However, the size of these models is often a drawback for their deployment in real production applications. In the case of multilingual models, most of the parameters are located in the embeddings layer. Therefore, reducing the vocabulary size should have an important impact on the total number of parameters. In this paper, we propose to generate smaller models that handle fewer number of languages according to the targeted corpora. We present an evaluation of smaller versions of multilingual BERT on the XNLI data set, but we believe that this method may be applied to other multilingual transformers. The obtained results confirm that we can generate smaller models that keep comparable results, while reducing up to 45% of the total number of parameters. We compared our models with DistilmBERT (a distilled version of multilingual BERT) and showed that unlike language reduction, distillation induced a 1.7% to 6% drop in the overall accuracy on the XNLI data set. The presented models and code are publicly available.