cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Comet 81/P Wild 2: changes in the spin axis orientation during the last five apparitions
Creators: name: Oldani, V.
name: Manzini, F.
name: Ochner, P.
name: Reguitti, A.
name: Bedin, L. R.
name: Kugel, F.
name: Soulier, J. F.
name: Erece, O.
name: Köseoğlug, D. T.
name: Nehir, Ç.
name: Özişikg, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Comet 81P (Wild 2) is characterized by the presence of a prominent-fan shaped dust emission originating from an active source at high latitude on the nucleus, whose axis is assumed to coincide with the comet's rotation axis. Therefore, several authors estimated the spin axis orientation of 81P in past apparitions based on the polar jet model. By measuring the PAs of the fan on CCD images taken with different telescopes during the 2009-10 and 2022-23 apparitions, we estimated a position of the comet's spin axis at RA=295.0°$\pm$ 7.5°, Dec=14.5°$\pm$ 4.0° for the 2009-10 apparition and at RA=296.7°$\pm$ 2.0°, Dec=17.3°$\pm$ 2.5° for the 2022-23 apparition. Despite some degree of uncertainty of the estimate for the 2009-10 apparition, we interpolated the estimate for 2009-10 and 2022-23 with the published data of the previous apparition of 1997, to assess the presence and the extent of a drift of the pole since the 1997 passage. The analysis over a long time span of five consecutive apparitions confirms previous observations that the spin axis of comet 81P is subject to a slow drift with variable rate, probably connected to outgassing-induced jet forces and the related non-gravitational perturbations of its orbital period.
description: Accepted for publication on Icarus. 23 pages, 7 figures, 3 tables
Diversity of archaea and niche preferences among putative ammonia-oxidizing Nitrososphaeria dominating across European arable soils
Creators: name: Saghaï, Aurélien
name: Banjeree, Samiran
name: Degrune, Florine
name: Edlinger, Anna
name: García-Palacios, Pablo
name: Garland, Gina
name: Heijden, Marcel G. A. Van Der
name: Herzog, Chantal
name: Maestre, Fernando T.
name: Rillig, Matthias C.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: archaeal communities
subject: niche preferences
subject: European arable soils
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: Archaeal communities in arable soils are dominated by Nitrososphaeria, a class within Thaumarchaeota comprising all known ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA). AOA are key players in the nitrogen cycle and defining their niche specialization can help predicting effects of environmental change on these communities. However, hierarchical effects of environmental filters on AOA and the delineation of niche preferences of nitrososphaerial lineages remain poorly understood. We used phylogenetic information at fine scale and machine learning approaches to identify climatic, edaphic and geomorphological drivers of Nitrososphaeria and other archaea along a 3000 km European gradient. Only limited insights into the ecology of the low-abundant archaeal classes could be inferred, but our analyses underlined the multifactorial nature of niche differentiation within Nitrososphaeria. Mean annual temperature, C:N ratio and pH were the best predictors of their diversity, evenness and distribution. Thresholds in the predictions could be defined for C:N ratio and cation exchange capacity. Furthermore, multiple, independent and recent specializations to soil pH were detected in the Nitrososphaeria phylogeny. The coexistence of widespread ecophysiological differences between closely related soil Nitrososphaeria highlights that their ecology is best studied at fine phylogenetic scale.
title: The structure and composition of the Kautiliya "Arthasastra".
Creators: name: Trautmann, Thomas R.
Publisher: name: SOAS University of London
Year: 1968

description: Chapter 1 summarizes the debate over the age and authorship of the Arthasastra and proposes to test the common assumotion that it is the work of a single author. Chapter 2 analyzes the five versions of the story of Candragupta and Canakya or Kautilya and finds that the Jain version best preserves the original legend, being closely paralleled by the Pali; that the Kashmirian version is late, and the Mudaraksasa largely fictive; that the Classical version, while betraying its Indian origin, gives uncertain testimony as to the content of the original legend; and that Canakya is an historical figure. Chapter 3 finds, in the structure of the Arthasastra, a priori grounds for supposing a composite authorship; summarizes some previous studies of authorship using statistical methods; and reports the results of a pilot study of the Arthasastra which throws doubt on the assumption of a unique author. Chapter 4 examines the distribution of certain words in Sanskrit works of known authorship, and having found that eva, evam, ca, tatra and axe safe discriminators of authorship, examines their distribution in the Arthasastra. Books 2, 3 and 7 of the Arthasastra, by this test, are homogeneous within themselves but are the work of three different authors. The affiliations of the shorter books are discussed. Chapter 5 inquires whether sentence-length and compound-length may he used to discriminate between different authors, and finds the former unacceptable but the latter promising. Chapter 6 exajnines Arthasastra passages used by Bharuci and Medhatithi in their commentaries on Manu and finds in the latter's reference to an Adhyaksapracara a possible predecessor of the Artharsastra. Chapter 7 reviews the conclusions as to the composition of the Arthasastra in the light of a statistical study of Vatsyayana's Kamasutra and briefly comments on the date and authority of the Arthasastra.
Amorphous GaOx based charge trap memory device for neuromorphic applications
Creators: name: Dijck, Charlotte Van
name: Maudet, F.
name: Dubourdieu, Catherine
name: Deshpande, V.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Charge trap memory
subject: Amorphous GaOx
subject: 3-Terminal memory device
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::541 Physikalische Chemie

description: In this work, we demonstrate a 3-terminal field-effect based charge trap memory device with an amorphous-GaOx (a-GaOx) layer fabricated at a low deposition temperature of 250°C. Utilizing the long life-time traps in the a-GaOx/Al2O3 stack, we study the charge trap memory effect in the field effect devices. We observe more than one order of magnitude in channel current difference for two memory states with a retention of more than 102 s and endurance of 100 cycles. Our work paves a way for embedded a-GaOx memories for neuromorphic applications.
title: Mughal painting during Jahangir's time.
Creators: name: Das, Asok K.
Publisher: name: SOAS University of London
Year: 1967

description: Mughal painting achieved its finest glory and refinement during the reign of Jahangir (1605-1627). Born in 1569, he grew up in an atmosphere conducive to the development of a lively interest in artistic pursuit. An attempt has been made to trace the evolution of his complex personality which exerted a great inlfluence on the development of Mughal painting. The establishment of an independent earelier, called here the Salim Studio, and its achievements have been noted in Chapter 3 After becoming emperor Jahagir continued the tradition of MS-illustration for a few years. The large number of pictures collected by him since his early years were mounted on the large folios of a set of sumptuously produced albums. Then his leading painters, Farrukh Beg, Daulat, Abu'l Hasan, Manohar, Mansur and Bishands, settled down to produce a series of remarkable portrait-studies and genre scenes, Many of these were used as illustrations of the emperor's autobiographical work called the Jahangirnama. Chapters 4 to 8 are devoted to the study of these different phases of Jahangiri painting. The complicated political events of the later years of his reign cast a shadow of gloom on Jahangir's mind. Coupled with his sickness and a number of other factors these events made him contemplative and fearful of his destiny. Abu'l Hasan and Bichitr prepared a series of allegorical drawings to illustrate his inner agonies. In order to evolve the iconographical symbols they drew heavily on the European engravings. Chapter 9 deals with the series of allegorical drawings, while Chapter 10 is concerned with the whole question of European impact. The reign of Jahangir also witnessed the beginning of the decadence of the Mughal style and a rapid decentralisation of artistic pursuit.
title: Language contact
title: Bridging the gap between individual interactions and areal patterns
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Gijn, Rik Van (Ed.)
name: Ruch, Hanna (Ed.)
name: Wahlström, Max (Ed.)
name: Hasse, Anja (Ed.)
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: historical linguistics
subject: typology
subject: sociolinguistics
subject: psycholinguistics
subject: grammatical theory
subject: 400 Sprache::410 Linguistik::410 Linguistik

description: Synopsis: Contact linguistics is the overarching term for a highly diversified field with branches that connect to such widely divergent areas as historical linguistics, typology, sociolinguistics, psycholinguistics, and grammatical theory. Because of this diversification, there is a risk of fragmentation and lack of interaction between the different subbranches of contact linguistics. Nevertheless, the different approaches share the general goal of accounting for the results of interacting linguistic systems. This common goal opens up possibilities for active communication, cooperation, and coordination between the different branches of contact linguistics. This book, therefore, explores the extent to which contact linguistics can be viewed as a coherent field, and whether the advances achieved in a particular subfield can be translated to others. In this way our aim is to encourage a boundary-free discussion between different types of specialists of contact linguistics, and to stimulate cross-pollination between them.
Comparison of Two Different Feather Sampling Methods to Measure Corticosterone in Wild Greater Flamingos (Phoenicopterus roseus) and Wild Mallards (Anas platyrhynchos)
Creators: name: Voit, Marielu
name: Baumgartner, Katrin
name: Fersen, Lorenzo Von
name: Merle, Roswitha
name: Reese, Lukas
name: Wiegard, Mechthild
name: Will, Hermann
name: Tallo-Parra, Oriol
name: Carbajal, Annaïs
name: Lopez-Bejar, Manel
name: Thöne-Reineke, Christa
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: feather corticosterone
subject: Mallard
subject: Greater Flamingo
subject: wild birds
subject: comparative study
subject: cut feathers
subject: plucked feathers
subject: less invasive
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::630 Landwirtschaft::630 Landwirtschaft und verwandte Bereiche

description: This research project had the aim to validate the possible alternative and less-painful sampling method of cutting feathers close to the skin instead of plucking them for subsequent feather corticosterone analysis, confirming recently-published results for other species in captivity. Analyzing CORTf is often used in animal welfare studies in combination with behavioral monitoring. The background of this idea was to act in the sense of animal welfare and reduce the burden of animal studies according to the 3-R-Principle (Replacement, Reduction, and Refinement) by refining procedures. To confirm the hypothesis that the sampling method itself has no influence on CORTf levels measured, plucked and cut samples of the respective bird were collected. Birds of two wild species were used: the Mallard (Anas platyrhynchos) and the Greater Flamingo (Phoenicopterus roseus). The CORTf was measured by using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The determined values were inspected for their mean values, standard deviation (SD), and average differences. Afterwards, the CORTf levels of both species were compared, according to the sampling method, with the concordance correlation coefficient (CCC). In the Bland-Altman (BA) plot the differences of the methods were displayed against the mean values. Additionally, sex, as a possible factor influencing CORTf, was analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test. The values of CCC showed poor agreement in the comparability of the two methods, whereas the concordance of the BA plot was decent. The average differences between the methods were marginal for both species (Mallards: −0.16 pg/mm, Flamingos −0.13 pg/mm). In summary, all anomalies or differences between the methods were negligible. Therefore, the alternative sampling method seems to be as suitable as the common standard method. No significant difference was found between females and males. Nevertheless, our results suggest that CORTf should not be interpreted in just considering the values themselves, but the results they should be analyzed in the context of a wider set of parameters. Hence, further studies are encouraged to create a larger data pool.
title: The phonology and grammar of the dialect of South Zeal, Devonshire.
Creators: name: Harris, Martin
Publisher: name: SOAS University of London
Year: 1967

description: This work aims to describe the phonology, morphology and syntax of the dialect of South Zeal in Devonshire, largely from a taped corpus. It aims to be structural in approach, but points of interest have not been omitted simply because they may seem largely anecdotal in nature. It is mainly contrastive, developing most those points which differ from S(tandard) E(nglish), No attempt has been made at either a lexical or a semantic analysis. The first two chapters deal with the segmental and suprasegmental phonology respectively. The presence of retroflex and the consequent absence of unconditioned centring diphthongs is the most marked segmental feature, whereas the occurrence of pause in informal speech forms the most interesting section of Chapter 3. The personal pronouns, apart from /aj, mi:/, show an opposition of stressed: unstressed, while the demonstratives show a three-term series in the singular /oi:z, oat, oi-ki:/, and also a 'joint system' with the personal pronouns, whereby /it/ and /?m/ are always unstressed, and /oat/ and /oej/ are always stressed. With the prepositional phrase, interest is centred on relationships of place, the 'to:at' opposition being lost and replaced by a series 'up:down, out;in, over', relating to direction or position, normally vis-a-vis Zeal. In Chapter 8, we find that the verb 'be' has a double paradigm, usually /m/ unstressed and /bi:/ stressed. The verb in general does not show any passive-continuous forms of the 'being killed' type. After a discussion of the uses of certain modals, and of the use of 'of' after an '-ing' (/-In/) form, it is suggested that only three categories of 'phrasal verb' are necessary for English, one of which, the prepositional verb, is very rare in the dialect. The thesis concludes with an analysis of the restricted possibilities of subordination found in the dialect, and of the three-term system of relatives, 'what', 'that' and zero.
Cryogenic infrared spectroscopy reveals remarkably short NH+⋯F hydrogen bonds in fluorinated phenylalanines
Creators: name: Safferthal, Marc
name: Greis, Kim
name: Chang, Rayoon
name: Kirschbaum, Carla
name: Hoffmann, Waldemar
name: Meijer, Gerard
name: Helden, Gert Von
name: Pagel, Kevin
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: cryogenic infrared spectroscopy
subject: hydrogen bonds
subject: fluorinated phenylalanines
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften

description: In past decades, hydrogen bonds involving organic fluorine have been a highly disputed topic. Obtaining clear evidence for the presence of fluorine-specific interactions is generally difficult because of their weak nature. Today, the existence of hydrogen bonds with organic fluorine is widely accepted and supported by numerous studies. However, strong bonds with short H⋯F distances remain scarce and are primarily found in designed model compounds. Using a combination of cryogenic gas-phase infrared spectroscopy and density functional theory, we here analyze a series of conformationally unrestrained fluorinated phenylalanine compounds as protonated species. The results suggest proximal NH+⋯F hydrogen bonds with an exceptionally close H⋯F distance (1.79 Å) in protonated ortho-fluorophenylalanine.
Ascaris suum infection in juvenile pigs elicits a local Th2 response in a setting of ongoing Th1 expansion
Creators: name: Oser, Larissa
name: Midha, Ankur
name: Schlosser-Brandenburg, Josephine
name: Rausch, Sebastian
name: Mugo, Robert M.
name: Kundik, Arkadi
name: Elizalde-Velázquez, Luis E.
name: Adjah, Joshua
name: Musimbi, Zaneta D.
name: Klopfleisch, Robert
name: Helm, Christina S.
name: Samson-Himmelstjerna, Georg Von
name: Hartmann, Susanne
name: Ebner, Friederike
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: pig
subject: soil-transmitted helminth
subject: Ascaris suum
subject: antigen-specific
subject: adaptive immunity
subject: infection
subject: protection
subject: Th1/Th2
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::630 Landwirtschaft::630 Landwirtschaft und verwandte Bereiche

description: Ascaris spp. undergo extensive migration within the body before establishing patent infections in the small intestinal tract of humans and pigs. However, whether larval migration is critical for inducing efficient type 2 responses remains poorly understood. Therefore, we investigated systemic versus local adaptive immune responses along the hepato-tracheal migration of Ascaris suum during primary, single infections in conventionally raised pigs. Neither the initial invasion of gut tissue nor migration through the liver resulted in discernable Th2 cell responses. In contrast, lung-stage larvae elicited a Th2-biased pulmonary response, which declined after the larvae had left the lungs. In the small intestine, we observed an accumulation of Th2 cells upon the arrival of fourth-stage larvae (L4) to the small intestinal lumen. In parallel, we noticed robust and increasing Th1 responses in circulation, migration-affected organs, and draining lymph nodes. Phenotypic analysis of CD4+ T cells specifically recognizing A. suum antigens in the circulation and lung tissue of infected pigs confirmed that the majority of Ascaris -specific T cells produced IL-4 (Th2) and, to a much lesser extent, IL-4/IFN-g (Th2/1 hybrids) or IFN-g alone (Th1). These data demonstrate that lung-stage but not the early liver-stage larvae lead to a locally restricted Th2 response. Significant Th2 cell accumulation in the small intestine occurs only when L4 complete the body migration. In addition, Th2 immunity seems to be hampered by the concurrent, nonspecific Th1 bias in growing pigs. Together, the late onset of Th2 immunity at the site of infection and the Th1-biased systemic immunity likely enable the establishment of intestinal infections by sufficiently large L4 stages and pre-adult worms, some of which resist expulsion mechanisms.
Euro+Med-Checklist Notulae, 16
Creators: name: Raab-Straube, Eckhard Von
name: Raus, Thomas
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: distribution
subject: Euro plus Med PlantBase
subject: Europe
subject: Med-Checklist
subject: Mediterranean
subject: new combination
subject: new record
subject: taxonomy
subject: vascular plants
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::580 Pflanzen (Botanik)::580 Pflanzen (Botanik)

description: This is the sixteenth of a series of miscellaneous contributions, by various authors, where hitherto unpublished data relevant to both the Med-Checklist and the Euro+Med (or Sisyphus) projects are presented. This instalment deals with the families Caryophyllaceae, Compositae, Euphorbiaceae, Gramineae, Iridaceae, Leguminosae, Malvaceae, Portulacaceae, Rosaceae, Solanaceae and Umbelliferae. It includes new country and area records and taxonomic and distributional considerations for taxa in Bromus, Datura, Daucus, Erigeron, Euphorbia, Iris, Minuartia, Paspalum, Portulaca, Sida and Vigna, and a new combination in Prunus.
Scalable, ab initio protocol for quantum simulating SU($N$)$\times$U(1) Lattice Gauge Theories
Creators: name: Surace, Federica Maria
name: Fromholz, Pierre
name: Scazza, Francesco
name: Dalmonte, Marcello
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a protocol for the scalable quantum simulation of SU($N$)$\times$U(1) lattice gauge theories with alkaline-earth like atoms in optical lattices in both one- and two-dimensional systems. The protocol exploits the combination of naturally occurring SU($N$) pseudo-spin symmetry and strong inter-orbital interactions that is unique to such atomic species. A detailed ab initio study of the microscopic dynamics shows how gauge invariance emerges in an accessible parameter regime, and allows us to identify the main challenges in the simulation of such theories. We provide quantitative results about the requirements in terms of experimental stability in relation to observing gauge invariant dynamics, a key element for a deeper analysis on the functioning of such class of theories in both quantum simulators and computers.
description: 16+11 pages, 4+4 figures
title: A critical edition of Sauda's Urdu poetical works, exluding the Marsiyas.
Creators: name: Siddiqi, Mohammad S.
Publisher: name: SOAS University of London
Year: 1967

description: This thesis consists of a critical edition of the Urdu poetical works, excluding only the marsiyas, of the eighteenth century Indian poet, Sauda. The edition comprises: (1) Preface, which justifies the need for the work undertaken and explains the method in which the subject has been treated. (2) Introduction, which gives the political, religious, moral, social and literary background of the eighteenth century, an account of Sauda's life, an assessment of his mind and character, some details of his works and their compilation and publication, a discussion of his views on poetry, an assessment of his own erotic, encomiastic, satirical, didactic and elegiac poetry, and, finally, a brief account of his importance in and influence on Urdu poetry. (3) Notes on the MSS. used to form the Text, (4) The Text with notes recording the rejected variants found in various MSS., indicating which of the items are missing from the published editions and certain manuscripts, suggesting wherever possible the approximate dates of composition of poems and giving brief information on the themes and subjects of the poems. (5) Appendices on (i) Sauda's Urdu, (ii) Glossary of obsolete and difficult words, and (iii) Interpolated items in the published editions of Sauda's works. (6) Bibliography.
title: Inter-state relations in Northern India, c. A.D. 800-1200.
Creators: name: Bajpai, Shiva G.
Publisher: name: SOAS University of London
Year: 1967

description: The present work is a study of the theory of inter-state relations in Northern India from c. A.D. 800 to 1200. Chapter I deals with the nature, scope, and source materials of the present enquiry and points out that the traditional theory of inter-state relations is interpreted and re-stated by our Sanskrit authorities. In Chapter II we consider the concept of the state and maintain that a state comprising seven constituent elements, indicating its sovereignty and power, is the subject of the theory of inter-state relations and that feudatories are ignored. It is also shown that sovereignty is a relative concept in the inter-state sphere, and states are classified on the basis of power, independence, payment of tribute, and political allegiance. Chapter III explains that the theory of inter-state relations is a corollary of the concept of the state, and it is based on the assumption of conflict of power and ambition for political supremacy among states. After a brief introduction to the development of the three concepts of inter-state relations, viz. mandala (circle of states), s?dgunya (sixfold policy), and up?yas (political expedients), we discuss the mandala system, which outlines a hypothetical pattern of inter-state relations based on the principles of geo-politics and power-politics. It provides a framework for the conduct of relations of a king desirous of conquest and supremacy over others. Chapters IV to VII deal with the various aspects of the sixfold policy. We have attempted to define and analyse the policies of peace, war, marching, staying quiet, dual policy and seeking shelter and have pointed out that each one of them is an instrument of the politico-military strategy for overcoming enemies during vicissitudes of power. It has been shown that all six policies sire concerned with hostile relations and ?sana (staying quiet) is not 'neutrality', as some modern scholars contend. Chapter VIII deals with the political expedients and analyses their contents. It shows that the means of diplomacy and war are comprehensive for attaining success in inter-state relations. It is pointed out in conclusion that the dominant theme of the theory of inter-state relations as well as the dynastic history of our period is conflict of power and struggle for supremacy, which indicates the impact of political ideas on inter-dynastic relations.
Acoustic horizon as a phase-slip surface
Creators: name: Khlebnikov, Sergei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A recent experiment has demonstrated formation of a supersonic region in a convergent two-dimensional flow of a condensate of cesium atoms. Theoretical description of this effect has made use of stationary solutions to the Gross-Pitaevskii equation with a 3-body dissipative term. Here, we further develop that description, focusing on a new stationary solution, linear stability analysis, and properties of the time-dependent "resistive" state.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures; minor corrections, a slightly expanded version
Private Insurance, Public Welfare, and Financial Markets: Alpine and Maritime Countries in Comparative-Historical Perspective
Creators: name: Heide, Arjen Van Der
name: Kohl, Sebastian
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: insurance
subject: varieties of capitalism
subject: financial development
subject: welfare
subject: historical comparison
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::300 Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie::301 Soziologie, Anthropologie

description: Contemporary capitalist societies use different institutions to manage economic risks. While different public welfare state and financial institutions (banks, capital markets) have been studied across coordinated and liberal market economies, the different worlds of private insurance institutions have been understudied. Building on new insurance data sets (1880–2017), we find that countries with a Maritime (USA, GBR, CAN) in contrast to the more backward Alpine (AUT, DEU, CHE) insurance tradition developed bigger life and nonlife insurance earlier, with less state-associated and reinsurance enterprises, but riskier investments steered toward financial markets. We argue that the larger and more “Maritime” the insurance sector, the more it made welfare states liberal and securities markets large. Insurance is thus a hidden factor for countries’ varieties of capitalism and worlds of welfare. The recent convergence on the Maritime model, however, implies that the riskier and risk-individualizing type of private insurance has added to privatization and securitization trends everywhere.
Investigation of the Proton-Bound Dimer of Dihydrogen Phosphate and Formate Using Infrared Spectroscopy in Helium Droplets
Creators: name: Torres-Boy, América Y.
name: Taccone, Martín I.
name: Kirschbaum, Carla
name: Ober, Katja
name: Stein, Tamar
name: Meijer, Gerard
name: Helden, Gert Von
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Chemical structure
subject: Energy
subject: Hydrogen
subject: Infrared light
subject: Ions
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften

description: Understanding the structural and dynamic properties of proton-bound complexes is crucial for elucidating fundamental aspects of chemical reactivity and molecular interactions. In this work, the proton-bound complex between dihydrogen phosphate and formate, and its deuterated counterparts, is investigated using IR action spectroscopy in helium droplets. Contrary to the initial expectation that the stronger phosphoric acid would donate a proton to formate, both experiment and theory show that all exchangeable protons are located in the phosphate moiety. The experimental spectra show good agreement with both scaled harmonic and VPT2 anharmonic calculations, indicating that anharmonic effects are small. Some H-bending modes of the nondeuterated complex are found to be sensitive to the helium environment. In the case of the partially deuterated complexes, the experiments indicate that internal dynamics leads to isomeric interconversion upon IR excitation.
title: An intonational study of Egyptian Colloquial Arabic.
Creators: name: Soraya, Helmy A.I.
Publisher: name: SOAS University of London
Year: 1966

description: For all practical purposes, the intonation of Egyptian colloquial Arabic is still a virgin field. Nothing much has been done either to explore its nature or to place it in relation to the other linguistic devices of the language. The little done so far falls short of giving a clear picture of the range of patterns characterizing it or their sets of interior functional relations. Nor does it bring to light the main points of interaction between these patterns and the grammatical system with which they work in close association The present study does not claim to have filled the gap. No single study can. It does not seek to carry the description far enough to accomodate all the features which characterize the intonation in question. For instance, some of the features likely to crop up in the shortest stretch of any conversational exchange, such as interrupted sequences, unfinished patterns, and other excesses will be left out of account. Still less does it seek to probe beyond certain limits into the subtle grammatical or contextual implications of the total set of meaningful choices provided by intonation. The ultimate aim of this study is to describe the intonation patterns common among educated speakers of E.C. Arabic and used by them in their normal speech situations of every-day life. This presupposes selecting and grouping in attention complete utterance operating in contexts which are typical, recurrent, and repeatedly observable, and then placing the whole complex in its proper cultural setting.
De Casteljau's algorithm in geometric data analysis: Theory and application
Creators: name: Hanik, Martin
name: Nava-Yazdani, Esfandiar
name: Tycowicz, Christoph Von
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Riemannian manifold
subject: Bézier spline
subject: Bézierfold
subject: Riemannian regression
subject: Manifold mixed-effects models
subject: Sasaki metric
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::510 Mathematik::510 Mathematik

description: For decades, de Casteljau's algorithm has been used as a fundamental building block in curve and surface design and has found a wide range of applications in fields such as scientific computing and discrete geometry, to name but a few. With increasing interest in nonlinear data science, its constructive approach has been shown to provide a principled way to generalize parametric smooth curves to manifolds. These curves have found remarkable new applications in the analysis of parameter-dependent, geometric data. This article provides a survey of the recent theoretical developments in this exciting area as well as its applications in fields such as geometric morphometrics and longitudinal data analysis in medicine, archaeology, and meteorology.
title: George Baldwin and British interests in Egypt 1775 to 1798.
Creators: name: Said, Rosemarie J.
Publisher: name: SOAS University of London
Year: 1968

description: This study is an attempt to analyse British interests in Egypt during the twenty-three years before the French expedition of 1798, and centres around George Baldwin, the only permanent English resident in the country at that time, who foresaw its importance to Britain in the event of a war with France. Although much stress is placed on Baldwin's promotion of the Bed Sea route to India, a proper evaluation of British activity necessarily encompasses a comprehensive survey of Anglo-Egyptian relations during the period. Chapter I deals with the first four years of Baldwin's residence, from 1775 to 1779, when he was primarily concerned with his work as a merchant; his trade was carried on concurrently in Suez, Alexandria and Cairo, and he was also involved in expediting the East India Company's dispatches to and from India. In 1779, he was forced to flee the country after a major clash with the ruling beys; it became clear to him then that any further activity in Egypt would only be possible with the establishment of official consular representation. Chapter II is concerned with the years 1779 to 1786 during the absence of Baldwin, when the French were busily involved in securing the right to navigate the Red Sea; this resulted in the Truguet agreements of 1785. Chapter III concentrates on the British reaction to the agreements, and points to the fact that Henry Dundas, the senior member of the newly-created Board of Control for Indian Affairs, les instrumental in appointing Baldwin as Consul-General in Egypt. Chapter IV is an examination of the seven years, from 1786 to 1793, of the British consulate, at the aid of which the post was discontinued. The last chapter shows how Baldwin remained in Egypt until March 1798 when ill-health and poverty obliged him to leave, and how, finally, it was to him that the commanders of the Mediterranean forces turned in preparing plans for the British landings in Egypt in March 1801.
title: The administration of the North-West Frontier Province, 1901-1919.
Creators: name: Baha, Lal
Publisher: name: SOAS University of London
Year: 1968

description: This work is a study of the administration of the North-West Province Frontier from 1901 to 1919. Two aspects of the administration have been dealt with: the British Government's relations with the tribes of the frontier, and some important aspects of the civil administration of the settled districts of the Province. The first chapter deals with the formation of the Province by Curzon in 1901, and his new frontier policy. The second chapter in analysing the Government's relations with the three most important Pathan tribes, the Mahsuds, the Afridis and the Mohmands, shows how the new policy worked. The period 1915-1919 was dominated by the events of the First World War, the impact of which on the Frontier has been described in the third chapter. The fourth chapter traces the development of the means of communication such as roads and railways, which were built primarily with military and strategic objectives. The fifth and the sixth chapters describe the new land system introduced by the British in the settled districts and the Government's efforts to develop agriculture by irrigation projects. Educational development formed an important item in the civil administration of the Province; the course of this development and the educational policy of the Government constitute the theme of the last chapter.
Fabrication du tambourin provençal : pose de l'instrument sur un chevalet.
Creators: name: Musée National Des Arts Et Traditions Populaires (Paris)
name: Centre D'ethnologie Française
Publisher: name: École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales; Institut  interdisciplinaire d'anthropologie du contemporain (Paris); Laboratoire d'anthropologie et d'histoire de l'institution de la culture (Paris)
Year: 2024

Abstract
TET activity safeguards pluripotency throughout embryonic dormancy
Creators: name: Stötzel, Maximilian
name: Cheng, Chieh-Yu
name: Iiik, Ibrahim A.
name: Kumar, Abhishek Sampath
name: Omgba, Persia Akbari
name: Weijden, Vera A. Van Der
name: Zhang, Yufei
name: Vingron, Martin
name: Meissner, Alexander
name: Aktaş, Tuğçe
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Cell growth
subject: Chromatin
subject: DNA methylation
subject: Pluripotency
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: Dormancy is an essential biological process for the propagation of many life forms through generations and stressful conditions. Early embryos of many mammals are preservable for weeks to months within the uterus in a dormant state called diapause, which can be induced in vitro through mTOR inhibition. Cellular strategies that safeguard original cell identity within the silent genomic landscape of dormancy are not known. Here we show that the protection of cis-regulatory elements from silencing is key to maintaining pluripotency in the dormant state. We reveal a TET–transcription factor axis, in which TET-mediated DNA demethylation and recruitment of methylation-sensitive transcription factor TFE3 drive transcriptionally inert chromatin adaptations during dormancy transition. Perturbation of TET activity compromises pluripotency and survival of mouse embryos under dormancy, whereas its enhancement improves survival rates. Our results reveal an essential mechanism for propagating the cellular identity of dormant cells, with implications for regeneration and disease.
title: Sir Reginald Wingate as High Commissioner in Egypt 1917-1919.
Creators: name: Terry, Janice J.
Publisher: name: SOAS University of London
Year: 1968

description: This study concerns Sir Reginald Wingate as High Commissioner in Egypt. It discusses his administration, connection with the Arab revolt, relations with the Foreign Office, and the reasons for his dismissal in 1919. Chapter I is devoted to a discussion of source materials with particular emphasis upon collections of private papers relating to the field. Chapter II recounts the situation in Egypt prior to Wingate's arrival and the events which led up to his appointment. Wingate's involvement with and consistent support of the Arab revolt are dealt with in Chapter III. In Chapter IV the internal state of affairs in Egypt during the War is described. The various demands placed upon Egyptian resources by the military and the political events which occurred during the War are also discussed. Relations between British civil servants, Foreign Office officials, and Wingate were often tangled during these years. Wingate's involvement with the confusion in the administration, and his attempts to reassert his own control, are dealt with in Chapter V. Chapter VI describes the growing nationalist agitation in Egypt after the Armistice, and Wingate's endeavours to have the British government offer concessions. These developments led to Wingate's departure in early 1919 for London, where he hoped to carry his recommendations concerning the Egyptian national movement. His failure to do so and his subsequent supersession by Allenby are the subject of Chapter VII.
A world less safe and secure
Creators: name: Meier, Benjamin Mason
name: Gostin, Lawrence O
Publisher: name: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
Year: 2025

description:
On 20 January, President Trump announced the withdrawal of the United States from the World Health Organization (WHO). President Trump shares many of the same concerns about WHO as previous administrations, including improved transparency, financial oversight, and accountability. He also believes that China has exerted undue influence on WHO—a charge that WHO adamantly denies. But the US cannot influence WHO if it is not at the table. WHO will remain at the center of global health governance, but this withdrawal will limit US leadership to protect public health and challenge WHO coordination in facing global challenges.
title: The lyrics of Thumri: Hindi poetry in a musical genre.
Creators: name: du Perron, Lara
Publisher: name: SOAS University of London
Year: 2000

description: Thumri is a vocal genre in North Indian (Hindustani) art music. It was traditionally used in songstress-courtesan performance, in the early nineteenth century as an accompaniment to interpretive dance, and later as a lyrical and emotive song form. Thumri is now one of the most popular genres in contemporary art music. The lyrics of thumri have not been the subject of extensive academic enquiry. This dissertation examines thumri texts from two perspectives: linguistic and contextual. It is primarily based on song texts collected during field work in North India in 1996-97, as well as on material transcribed from commercial recordings and printed sources. The detailed linguistic analysis carried out in chapter two provides an overview of the idiosyncrasies of the language of thumri texts, and explores their stylistic consequences. Chapter three examines the formal structure of the texts. Chapter four discusses the main themes that occur in thumri, and their literary antecedents. Thumri's contextual element is salient: in the process of negotiating the gradual move from courtesan's salon to modem concert stage, awareness of the relevance of thumri's historical role has been eroded to such an extent that we can speak of a 'reinvented' tradition. Chapter five locates thumri within the milieu of North Indian music culture, and examines how changes in the genre's context have affected its lyrics. Chapter six addresses issues of authenticity, as the ramifications of how genres respond to changing performance environments are considered. The conclusion is followed by three appendices. Appendix one contains the main corpus, the 108 texts upon which the dissertation is based. The texts are given with their variant versions where known, resulting in a total of 180 texts. These are translated, and problematic points of grammar and translation are briefly discussed. Appendix two consists of five charts which overview the use of rhyme and other poetic devices in thumri. Appendix three comprises a glossary of technical terms used in the thesis.
Precursor molecules for 1,2-diamidobenzene containing cobalt(ii), nickel(ii) and zinc(ii) complexes – synthesis and magnetic properties
Creators: name: Hunger, David
name: Suhr, Simon
name: Bayer, Valentin
name: Albold, Uta
name: Frey, Wolfgang
name: Sarkar, Biprajit
name: Slageren, Joris Van
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: precursor molecules
subject: 1,2-diamidobenzene
subject: synthesis
subject: magnetic properties
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften

description: Molecular magnetic materials based on 1,2-diamidobenzenes are well known and have been intensively studied both experimentally and computationally. They possess interesting magnetic properties as well as redox activity. In this work, we present the synthesis and investigation of potent synthons for constructing discrete metal–organic architectures featuring 1,2-diamidobenzene-coordinated metal centres. The synthons feature weakly bound dimethoxyethane (dme) ligands in addition to the 1,2-diamidobenzene. We characterize these complexes and investigate their magnetic properties by means of static and dynamic magnetometry and high-field electron paramagnetic resonance (HFEPR). Interestingly, the magnetic and magnetic resonance data strongly suggest a dimeric formulation of these complexes, viz. [MII(bmsab)(dme)]2 (bmsab = 1,2-bis(methanesulfonamido)benzene; dme = dimethoxyethane) with M = Co, Ni, Zn. A large negative D-value of −60 cm−1 was found for the Co(ii) synthon and an equally large negative D of −50 cm−1 for the Ni(ii) synthon. For Co(ii), the sign of the D-value is the same as that found for the known bis-diamidobenzene complexes of this ion. In contrast, the negative D-value for the Ni(ii) complex is unexpected, which we explain in terms of a change in coordination number. The heteroleptic Co(ii) complex presented here does not feature slow relaxation of the magnetization, in contrast to the homoleptic Co(ii) 1,2-diamidobenzene complex.
title: From storytelling to poetry: The oral background of the Persian epics.
Creators: name: Yamamoto, Kumiko
Publisher: name: SOAS University of London
Year: 2000

description: The present work examines the role played by oral tradition in the evolution of the Persian (written) epic tradition, which virtually began with the Shadhname of Ferdowsi (ShNF). The text is also the culmination of a long development that stretches back into ancient times. In the process of transmission of narratives, both writing and oral tradition are assumed to have played a role. While Ferdowsi's written sources have been studied, the influence of oral tradition on his work remains largely unexplored. In order to explore oral influence on the ShNF, the thesis suggests a new approach. Based on formal characteristics of naqqali (the Persian storytelling tradition as it is known from later times), a set of criteria is proposed to demonstrate the extent to which a written text shows structures which could be explained as deriving from oral composition, here called "Oral Performance Model" (OPM). The OPM consists of formal and thematic criteria. The former consider whether a text can be divided into a sequence of instalments, and the latter examine how instalment divisions affect the thematic organisation of the story. By applying the OPM to the ShNF, it becomes clear that Ferdowsi used techniques associated with oral storytelling. Such findings on the ShNF throw new light on the later epics, which are not only influenced by the ShNF as a model but are also influenced by oral performance. To demonstrate this, the OPM is applied to the Garshaspname of Asadi (GN). While oral performance continues to influence the structure of the text, it is also clear that literary elements play a greater role in the GN than in the ShNF. Despite his literary ambitions, Asadi displays his implicit dependence on oral performance, which seems to have fundamentally shaped his perception and appreciabon of heroic stories.