Pronematus rykei Meyer & Rodrigues 1966
Creators: name: Ahmad-Hosseini, Mohammad
name: Khanjani, Mohammad
name: Karamian, Roya
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Prostigmata
Tydeidae
Pronematus
Pronematus rykei

description: Pronematus rykei Meyer & Rodrigues, 1966
Diagnosis. Tarsus I longer than tibia I; ventral setae (pt, mtα and mtβ) longer than one third distance between their bases, seta e1 reach bases of f1, setae c1 and d1 approximately equal in length.
Female (Figs. 13–25) — Body oval. Body length (without gnathosoma) 240–253, width 128–133 at level of seta c2.
Dorsum (Fig. 13) — Dorsum with13 pairs of setae and completely striated. Striation on prodorsum longitudinal and sparse, between c1 and d1 longitudinal, but transverse between e1 and between f1 and after f1 up to posterior margin, body striate form an inverted “V”–pattern. All dorsal body setae spindle–like, serrated and relatively long. Lengths of dorsal setae as follows: bo 30–31, ro 21–22, la 15–16, ex 25–26, c 1 21–22, c 2 21–22, d 1 21–23, e 1 24–26, f 1 25–27, f2 34–35, h 1 25–27, h 2 25–27, ps 1 15–16. Setae f2 longer than other dorsal setae. Distances between dorsal setae: bo–bo 36–38, ro–ro 22–25, la–la 44–46, c1–c1 37–40, c2–c2 105–110, d1–d1 39–41, e1–e1 38–41, f1–f 1 20–23, f2–f2 50–52, h1–h 1 18–20, ps1–ps 1 18–20, c1–d1 54–57, d1 –e 1 28–29, e1–f 1 20–22, f1–f 2 17–18, e1–f2 34–33, f1–h 1 27– 28, f1–h2 34–35, h1– ps 1 10–11. Ratios: c1 / c1–c1 0.57, d1 / d1–d1 0.57, d1 / d1–e1 0.76; length of idiosoma/ c 1 11.36, ratio idiosoma/ ro 11.9, ex / ro 1.23, ex / la 1.73. Setae d1 not reaching to bases of e1. Seta e1 reach bases of f1 but not reaching to bases of f2. Hysterosoma with three pairs of lyrifissures (ia, im and ip), Lyrifissure ia located between setae c1 and d1, slightly laterally to line connecting bases of these setae. Lyrifissure im situated anterolaterally, close to e1. Lyrifissure ip located anterolaterally, close to f2 (Fig. 13).
Venter (Fig. 16) — Ventral cuticle and coxisternal shields striated. Ventral setae similar in shape to dorsal setae, but thinner and less serrate. Lyrifissure ih located posteroventrally. Genital opening in shape of inverted “T”, without genital setae. Epimeral formula: 3–1–4–2. Four pairs of aggenital setae (ag1–4). Pseudanal valves with one pair of setae (ps3). Lengths of ventral setae: 1b 20–22, 1c 19–20, 2a 20–21, 3b 23–25, 3c 19–20, 3d 23–25, 4b 19– 20, pt 14–15, mtα 13–14, mtβ 12, ag 1 11–12, ag 2 10–11, ag3 7–8, ag 4 13–14, ps 3 14–15. Distances between ventral setae: pt –pt 17–18, pt –mtα 34–36, mtα –mtα 28–29, mtα –mtβ 31–34, mtβ –mtβ 23–25, mtβ – ag1 33–34. Ratios pt –pt / pt and mtα –mtβ / mtα less than 3 times.
Gnathosoma (Figs. 14–15, 17–18) — Visible from above. Subcapitulum with oblique striae, sc1 7, sc 2 12–13 (Fig. 14). Palpal femuro–genu: length 26, width 8. Palps distally with a straight eupathidium (pζ), 8 long. Palp chaetotaxy (5+ω–1–2) (Fig. 15). Cheliceral stiletto 16–17 longer than palp tarsus 12 (Fig. 18).
Legs (Figs. 19–25) — Leg measurements from trochanter to tarsus (excluding pretarsus): leg I 127–131; leg II 115–118; leg III 12 3 –126, leg IV 132–137; Leg I without apotele and claws (Fig. 19). Other legs (II–IV) each with two claws and ciliate empodium. Femur IV not divided (Fig. 20–22). Leg setae (tarsus to trochanter): I (8+ω– 3+k+φ–3–3–0), II (6+ω–2–3–3–0), III (5–2–2–2–1), IV (5–2–1–2–0). Tarsus I with three pairs of long setae (fastigials, tectals and prorals), one solenidion (ωI) situated medially and one pair of extremely small, unguinal setae (u) closely associated with bases of prorals, u" bifurcate (Fig. 23). Setae u’ on ventral and u” on dorsal side of tarsus I (Fig. 23). Measurements: tarsus I length/width 27/10, tibia I length/width 21/11, tarsus II length/width 39/9, tibia II length/width 19/12, ft’ζ 20–21, ft”ζ 34–36, tc’ζ 34–36, tc”ζ 36–38, p’ζ 17–18, p”ζ 25–27, u’ 2, u” 3, ωI 5– 9 is varying in size between specimens also on left and right legs in one specimen (Figs. 24–25), famulus k 2 (“Y”– shaped), solenidion φ 3. Tarsus II with club–like solenidion ωII 3 long.
Male (Figs. 26–38) — Body oval. Body length (without gnathosoma) 170–178, width 95–98 at level of seta c2. Opisthosoma posteriorly with a small lobe, probably due to pressure applied during slide-mounting.
Dorsum (Fig. 26) — completely striated and similar to female. All dorsal body setae serrated but shorter than in female. Lengths of dorsal setae as follows: bo 25–27, ro 16–17, la 13–14, ex 21–22, c 1 12–13, c 2 12–13, d 1 10–11, e 1 11–12, f 1 10–11, f 2 17–18, h1 8, h 2 11–12, ps1 6. Distances between dorsal setae: bo–bo 26–27, ro–ro 17–18, la–la 32–34, c1–c 1 30–32, c2–c2 82–85, d1–d 1 23–25, e1–e 1 24–26, f1–f 1 18–20, f2–f2 33–36, h1–h 1 18–19, ps1–ps 1 15–14, c1– d1 45–47, d1–e 1 21–22, e1–f 1 14–16, f1–f 2 11–11, e1–f 2 22–23, f1–h 1 19–20, f1–h 2 20–21, h1– ps1 6–7. Ratios: c1 / c1–c1 0.37, d1 / d1–d1 0.43, d1 / d1–e1 0.43, length of idiosoma/ c 1 14.58, ratio idiosoma/ ro 10.93, ex / ro 1.37, ex / la 1.57. Hysterosoma with three pairs of lyrifissure (ia, im and ip). Opisthosoma dorsally with one pair of discs situated posterolaterally, close to d1; discs round, diameter 8(Fig. 26).
Venter (Fig. 29) — Ventral cuticle striated, whit three pairs of aggenital setae (ag1–3). Epimeral formula: 3–1–4– 2. Lengths of ventral setae: 1b 15–16, 1c 14–15, 2a 17–18, 3b 17–18, 3c 15–16, 3d 17–18, 4b 15, pt 11, mtα 10, mtβ 9, ag1 8, ag2 8, ag3 7, ps 3 10–11. Lyrifissure ih located postero-ventrally.
Gnathosoma (Fig. 27–28, 30–31) — Visible from above. Subcapitulum with oblique striae, sc1 4, sc2 9 (Fig. 27). Palpal femuro–genu: length 21, width 8. Palps distally with straight eupathidium (pζ), 6 long. Palp chaetotaxy (5+ ω –1–2) (Fig. 28). Cheliceral stiletto 14 longer than palpal tarsus 9 (Fig. 31).
Legs (Figs. 32–38) — Leg measurements from trochanter to tarsus (excluding pretarsus): leg I 98 –101; leg II 90 –91; leg III 93 –94, leg IV 97 –99; leg I without apotele and claws (Fig. 32). Other legs (II–IV) each with two claws and ciliate empodium 9 (Figs. 33–35). Femur IV distally with strong bent spur 7 long (Figs. 37–38). Distal setae on tarsus I not serrate along entire length. Legs setae (tarsus to trochanter): I (8+ω–3+k+φ–3–3–0), II (6+ω– 2–3–3–0), III (5–2–2–2 –1), IV (5–2–1–2–0). Measurements: tarsus I length/width 21/8, tibia I length/width 17/10, tarsus II length/width 33/8, tibia II length/width 15/10, ft’ζ 18–19, ft”ζ 28–29, tc’ζ 31–33, tc”ζ 30–31, p’ζ 16, p”ζ 21–22, u’ 3, u” 2; solenidion ωI long and bent 20–23 (subequal in length with tarsus I), famulus k 2 (“Y”-shaped), solenidion φ 3. Tarsus II with club–like solenidion ωII 3 long.
Remarks. The Iranian specimens of Pronematus rykei resembles the original description of Meyer & Rodrigues (1966), from South Africa, in most respects but differs as follows: in Iranian specimens the bo setae are much longer than la; the distance between c1–d1 is two and half times as long as c1; none of the setae on the palp tarsus are forked; and the setae on the palp tibia are longer than those on the palp tarsus, opposed to: bo setae slightly longer than la; distance between c1–d1 twice as long as c1; one of the dorsal setae on the palp tarsus is forked; and the setae on the palp tibia are shorter than those of the palp tarsus.
Material examined. The specimens were collected from leaves of walnut trees, Juglans regia L. (Juglandaceae), infested by leaf gall mite, Aceria tristriatus Nalepa, Eriophyidae. 2 females and 3 males were collected from Heydareh village (34°48’N, 48°27’E), 6 July 2015, Hamadan province; 5 females from Abshineh village (34°45’N, 48°36’E), 16 August 2015 and 12 September 2016, Hamadan county, Hamadan province, Iran; 6 females and 3 males were collected from Kahman canyon (33°59’N, 48°21’E), 30 Jul. 2015, Aleshtar county, Lorestan province, Iran. The specimens are deposited in the mite collection of the Acarology Laboratory of the Bu- Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran.
description: Published as part of Ahmad-Hosseini, Mohammad, Khanjani, Mohammad & Karamian, Roya, 2017, A new species of Neopronematus and a re-description of Pronematus rykei Meyer & Rodrigues (Acari: Iolinidae) from Iran, pp. 493-508 in Zootaxa 4337 (4) on pages 499-507, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4337.4.2, http://zenodo.org/record/1034232