cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Survey of U.S. cow-calf producer access to and use of technology for cattle health and production record-keeping purposes
Creators: name: Jumper, W. Isaac
name: Huston, Carla L.
name: Willis, Robert W.
name: Smith, David R.
Publisher: name: The Bovine Practitioner
Year: 2022
Subjects: cow-calf
precision
technology
smartphone
beef

description: The objective of this study was to describe U.S. cow-calf producer access to and use of technology for managing cattle health and production records (CHPR). We anonymously surveyed 14,294 U.S. cow-calf producers. Multivariable logistic regression by manual forward variable selection was used to test demographic factors for association with CHPR-keeping technology outcomes. Smartphones, computers, and internet were available to 85.2%, 92.9%, and 88.7% of respondents, respectively. Factors associated with interest in a smartphone-based CHPR-keeping system included: smartphone use (OR = 7.7; compared to not using a smartphone), respondent age (≤ 54 years: OR = 4.8; 55-64 years: OR = 2.6; 65-74 years: OR = 1.5; compared to ≥75 years), electronic survey response (OR = 2.2; compared to paper), respondent keeps any form of CHPR (OR = 2.0; compared to no CHPR use), respondent education level (some college up to completed Bachelor’s degree: OR = 1.4; post-graduate or professional degree: OR = 1.5; compared to high-school diploma or less), cow-calf operation is not primary income source (OR = 1.3; compared to cow-calf operation being primary income source), region of the U.S. (midwest: OR = 1.1; mountain: OR = 0.8; northeast: OR = 1.4; northern plains: OR = 0.9; southeast: OR = 1.4; southern plains: OR = 1.0; compared to west) and respondent herd size (50-199 head: OR = 1.2; ≥ 200 head: OR = 1.4; compared to ≤ 49 head). Technology needed for electronic CHPR-keeping is common among U.S. cow-calf producers, however, individual demographic characteristics modified interest in electronic CHPR-keeping.
description: The Bovine Practitioner, Vol. 56 No. 2 (2022)
Additional file 1: of Psychometric evaluation of the Diabetes Injection Device Experience Questionnaire (DID-EQ) and Diabetes Injection Device Preference Questionnaire (DID-PQ)
Creators: name: Matza, Louis
name: Stewart, Katie
name: Rosirene Paczkowski
name: Coyne, Karin
name: Currie, Brooke
name: Boye, Kristina
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Space Science
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Diabetes Injection Device Experience Questionnaire (DID-EQ). (DOCX 21 kb)
Spectroscopy of the white-dwarf companions of PSR~0655+64 and 0820+02
Creators: name: van Kerkwijk, M. H.
name: Kulkarni, S. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present spectra of the white-dwarf companions of the radio pulsars 0655+64 and 0820+02. For the latter, we find a spectrum showing strong lines of hydrogen, i.e., that of a DA star. From modelling these lines, the mass of a white dwarf can, in principle, be determined accurately, thus leading to constraints on the evolution of the binary and the mass of the neutron star. Our present spectrum is not of sufficient quality to set a strong limit, but it does indicate that the white dwarf most likely has a low mass. This is consistent with the star being a helium white dwarf, as would be expected from considerations of the mass function and the preceding evolution. From similar considerations, the companion of PSR 0655+64 is expected to be a more massive, carbon-oxygen white dwarf. This is confirmed by our spectra, which show the Swan bands of molecular carbon, making it a DQ star. Unlike what is observed in other DQ stars, the strength of the Swan C2 bands changes drastically, by a factor two in about two hours. We suggests this reflects large-scale surface inhomogeneities which are rotated in and out of the observed hemisphere. If so, this would imply that the white dwarf rotates supersynchronously.
description: 6 pages of LaTeX text and 1 figure of uuencoded postscript. Needs aaspptwo, epsf and rotate style files. For postscript file of full article, or in case of problems, contact mhvk@astro.caltech.edu
Survey of U.S. cow-calf producer methods and opinions of cattle health and production record-keeping
Creators: name: Jumper, W. Isaac
name: Huston, Carla L.
name: Willis, Robert W.
name: Smith, David R.
Publisher: name: The Bovine Practitioner
Year: 2022
Subjects: beef
demographics
data
survey
records

description: The objective of this study was to describe U.S. cow-calf pro­ducer characteristics associated with the use of cattle health and production records (CHPR). We anonymously surveyed 14,294 cow-calf producer members of the National Cattle­men’s Beef Association (NCBA). Multivariable logistic regres­sion by manual forward variable selection was used to test demographic factors for association with CHPR-keeping out­comes. In total, 3,741 (26.2%) responses were received, with 3,641 (97.3%) respondents actively involved in cow-calf pro­duction. Of 3,624 respondents who said whether or not they maintained CHPR, 3,169 (87%) used some form of CHPR. Of 3,133 respondents who described their CHPR-keeping meth­ods, 1,966 (62.8%) used handwritten, and 1,167 (37.2%) used electronic CHPR. Annual cow inventory (96%), breeding dates (89.3%) and calving dates (88.1%) were the most commonly recorded CHPR. Among all respondents, understanding commercially available CHPR software (57.2%) was the most commonly identified CHPR-keeping challenge. Factors associated with using any form of CHPR were seed­stock production (OR = 5.1; compared to non-seedstock production), respondent age (≤ 54 years: OR = 2.5; 55-64 years: OR = 1.7; 65-74 years: OR = 1.3; compared to age ≥ 75 years), female respondents (OR = 1.7; compared to male), respondent’s primary income source is cow-calf op­eration (OR = 1.5; compared to not being pri­mary income source), and respondent having a post-graduate or professional degree (OR = 1.7; compared to high-school diploma or less). This study concluded that demo­graphic factors such as producer age, gender, education level and operational goals impact CHPR-keeping on U.S. cow-calf operations.
description: The Bovine Practitioner, Vol. 56 No. 2 (2022)
Leading-color fully differential two-loop soft corrections to QCD dipole showers
Creators: name: Dulat, Falko
name: Höche, Stefan
name: Prestel, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the next-to-leading order corrections to soft-gluon radiation differentially in the one-emission phase space. We show that their contribution to the evolution of color dipoles can be obtained in a modified subtraction scheme, such that both one- and two-emission terms are amenable to Monte-Carlo integration. The two-loop cusp anomalous dimension is recovered naturally upon integration over the full phase space. We present two independent implementations of the new algorithm in the two event generators Pythia and Sherpa, and we compare the resulting fully differential simulation to the CMW scheme.
description: 22 pages, 8 figures
Wavelet Analysis of One-Dimensional Cosmological Density Fluctuations
Creators: name: Fujiwara, Yoshi
name: Soda, Jiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Wavelet analysis is proposed as a new tool for studying the large-scale structure formation of the universe. To reveal its usefulness, the wavelet decomposition of one-dimensional cosmological density fluctuations is performed. In contrast with the Fourier analysis, the wavelet analysis has advantage of its ability to keep the information for location of local density peaks in addition to that for their scales. The wavelet decomposition of evolving density fluctuations with various initial conditions is examined. By comparing the wavelet analysis with the usual Fourier analysis, we conclude that the wavelet analysis is promising as the data analysis method for the Sloan Digital Sky Survey and COBE.
description: 13 pages, Latex, figures available upon request (27 postscript files), minor Latex error corrected
The subtitling of sexual taboo from English to Chinese
Creators: name: Yuan, Long
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2015

description: This research project sets out to analyse the subtitling of sexual taboo from English to Chinese with particular reference to the TV series Sex and the City, created by Darren Star and broadcast between 1998 and 2004. It commences with an introduction in which the theoretical and methodological scaffolding of the whole project is outlined, with a discussion taking place in the second chapter concerning one of the key concepts in this research, namely sexually taboo words and expressions. After approaching this concept as a subcategory within the wider subject of taboo and taboo language, a taxonomy of various sexually charged taboo categories is then put forward and used later on in the analysis of the case study of this research. The third chapter focuses on previous literature written on the translation of this kind of language and highlights two important cultural dimensions of sexually taboo language: its (im)polite nature and its potential to contribute to the formation of gender identity. Special emphasis is also paid to the intersection between translation and gender, to the potential interference of self-censorship in the translation of sexual references and to the specific case of translating sex-related language in China. The theoretical backbone of this project is refined in chapter four by focusing on the main challenges involved in the actual subtitling of sexual taboo. After a brief incursion into the technical particularities of subtitling, the attention is then shifted to the potential role played by ideology in linguistic transfer. Chapter five explores the various strategies that can be activated by translators when dealing with the subtitling into Chinese of sexually taboo language. This taxonomy is then exploited in chapter six, where an in-depth analysis of the data extracted from season one of Sex and the City is carried out. To finish with, chapter seven contains a summary of the most important findings yielded by this research with suggestions of avenues for further study related to the subtitling of taboo language.
Additional file 3: of Do elevated symptoms of depression predict adherence and outcomes in the UPBEAT randomised controlled trial of a lifestyle intervention for obese pregnant women?
Creators: name: Molyneaux, Emma
name: Shahina Begum
name: Briley, Annette
name: Seed, Paul
name: Howard, Louise
name: Poston, Lucilla
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Multiple imputation by chained equations. This section provides detailed information on the methods of the multiple imputation, and presents data comparing the characteristics of observed and imputed data. (PDF 151 kb)
Time-inhomogeneous random Markov chains
Creators: name: Innocentini, G. C. P.
name: Novaes, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider Markov chains with random transition probabilities which, moreover, fluctuate randomly with time. We describe such a system by a product of stochastic matrices, $U(t)=M_t\cdots M_1$, with the factors $M_i$ drawn independently from an ensemble of random Markov matrices, whose columns are independent Dirichlet random variables. The statistical properties of the columns of $U(t)$, its largest eigenvalue and its spectrum are obtained exactly for $N=2$ and numerically investigated for general $N$. For large $t$, the columns are Dirichlet-distributed, however the distribution is different from the initial one. As for the spectrum, we find that the eigenvalues converge to zero exponentially fast and investigate the statistics of the largest Lyapunov exponent, which is well approximated the a Gamma distribution. We also observe a concentration of the spectrum on the real line for large $t$.
Additional file 2: of Do elevated symptoms of depression predict adherence and outcomes in the UPBEAT randomised controlled trial of a lifestyle intervention for obese pregnant women?
Creators: name: Molyneaux, Emma
name: Shahina Begum
name: Briley, Annette
name: Seed, Paul
name: Howard, Louise
name: Poston, Lucilla
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Mechanisms of missing data. The data in this section describe the patterns of missing data and examine the association of participant characteristics with missing data. (PDF 97 kb)
Additional file 1: of Do elevated symptoms of depression predict adherence and outcomes in the UPBEAT randomised controlled trial of a lifestyle intervention for obese pregnant women?
Creators: name: Molyneaux, Emma
name: Shahina Begum
name: Briley, Annette
name: Seed, Paul
name: Howard, Louise
name: Poston, Lucilla
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Missing data for participants included in these analyses (nâ =â 1526). The data in this section describe the proportion of missing data for each analysis variable. (PDF 68 kb)
The Multiple Phases of Interstellar and Halo Gas in a Possible Group of Galaxies at z~1
Creators: name: Churchill, Christopher W.
name: Charlton, Jane C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We used HIRES/Keck profiles (R=6 km/s) of MgII and FeII in combination with FOS/HST spectra (R=230 km/s) to place constraints on the physical conditions (metallicities, ionization conditions, and multi-phase distribution) of absorbing gas in three galaxies at z=0.9254, 0.9276, and 0.9343 along the line of sight to PG 1206+459. The chemical and ionization species covered in the FOS/HST spectra are HI, SiII, CII, NII, FeIII, SiIII, SiIV, NIII, CIII, CIV, SVI, NV, and OVI, with ionization potentials ranging from 13.6 to 138 eV. The multiple MgII clouds exhibit complex kinematics and the CIV, NV and OVI are exceptionally strong in absorption. We assumed that the MgII clouds are photoionized by the extra-galactic background and determined the allowed ranges of their physical properties as constrained by the absorption strengths in the FOS spectra. A main result of this paper is that the low resolution spectra can provide meaningful constraints on the physical conditions of the MgII clouds, including allowed ranges of cloud to cloud variations within a system. We find that the MgII clouds, which have a typical size of ~100 pc, give rise to the SiIV, the majority of which arises in a single, very large (~5 kpc), higher ionization cloud. However, the MgII clouds cannot account for the strong CIV, NV, and OVI absorption. We conclude that the MgII clouds are embedded in extended (10-20 kpc), highly ionized gas that gives rise to CIV, NV, OVI; these are multi-phase absorption systems. The high ionization phases have near-solar metallicity and are consistent with Galactic-like coronae surrounding the individual galaxies, as opposed to a very extended common "halo" encompassing all three galaxies.
description: Accepted for publication in the Astronomical Journal
Automated Test Selection for Android Apps Based on APK and Activity Classification.
Creators: name: Ardito, Luca
name: Coppola, Riccardo
name: Leonardi, Simone
name: Morisio, Maurizio
name: Buy, Ugo
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2021
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Several techniques exist for mobile test automation, from script-based techniques to automated test generation based on GUI models. Most techniques fall short in being adopted extensively by practitioners because of the very costly definition (and maintenance) of test cases. We present a novel testing framework for Android apps that allows a developer to write effective test scripts without having to know the implementation details and the user interface of the app under test. The main goal of the framework is to generate adaptive tests that can be executed on a significant number of apps, or different releases of the same app, without manual editing of the tests. The frameworks consists of: (1) a Test Scripting Language, that allows the tester to write generic test scripts tailored to activity and app categories; (2) a State Graph Modeler, that creates a model of the app's GUI, identifying activities (i.e., screens) and widgets; (3) an app classifier that determines the type of application under test; (4) an activity classifier that determines the purpose of each screen; (5) a test adapter that executes test scripts that are compatible with the specific app and activity, automatically tailoring the test scripts to the classes of the app and the activities under test. We evaluated empirically the components of our testing framework. The classifiers were able to outperform available approaches in the literature. The developed testing framework was able to correctly adapt high-level test cases to 28 out of 32 applications, and to reduce the LOCs of the test scripts of around 90%. We conclude that machine learning can be fruitfully applied to the creation of high-level, adaptive test cases for Android apps. Our framework is modular in nature and allows expansions through the addition of new commands to be executed on the classified apps and activities.
Pion condensation and phase diagram in the Polyakov-loop quark-meson model
Creators: name: Adhikari, Prabal
name: Andersen, Jens O.
name: Kneschke, Patrick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the Polyakov-loop extended two-flavor quark-meson model as a low-energy effective model for QCD to study the phase diagram in the $μ_I$--$T$ plane where $μ_I$ is the isospin chemical potential. In particular, we focus on the Bose condensation of charged pions. At $T=0$, the onset of pion condensation is at $μ_I={1\over2}m_π$ in accordance with exact results. The phase transition to a Bose-condensed phase is of second order for all values of $μ_I$ and in the $O(2)$ universality class. The chiral critical line joins the critical line for pion condensation at a point whose position depends on the Polyakov-loop potential and the sigma mass. For larger values of $μ_I$ these curves are on top of each other. The deconfinement line enters smoothly the phase with the broken $O(2)$ symmetry. We compare our results with recent lattice simulations and find overall good agreement.
description: 11 pages and 6 figs. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1802.01832
Constraining Large Scale Structure Theories with the Cosmic Background Radiation
Creators: name: Bond, J. Richard
name: Jaffe, Andrew H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review the relevant 10+ parameters associated with inflation and matter content; the relation between LSS and primary and secondary CMB anisotropy probes; COBE constraints on energy injection; current anisotropy band-powers which strongly support the gravitational instability theory and suggest the universe could not have reionized too early. We use Bayesian analysis methods to determine what current CMB and CMB+LSS data imply for inflation-based Gaussian fluctuations in tilted $Λ$CDM, $Λ$hCDM and oCDM model sequences with age 11-15 Gyr, consisting of mixtures of baryons, cold (and possibly hot) dark matter, vacuum energy, and curvature energy in open cosmologies. For example, we find the slope of the initial spectrum is within about 5% of the (preferred) scale invariant form when just the CMB data is used, and for $Λ$CDM when LSS data is combined with CMB; with both, a nonzero value of $Ω_Λ$ is strongly preferred ($\approx 2/3$ for a 13 Gyr sequence, similar to the value from SNIa). The $o$CDM sequence prefers $Ω_{tot}<1 $, but is overall much less likely than the flat $Ω_Λ\ne 0$ sequence with CMB+LSS. We also review the rosy forecasts of angular power spectra and parameter estimates from future balloon and satellite experiments when foreground and systematic effects are ignored.
description: 20 pages, LaTeX, 5 figures, 2 tables, uses rspublic.sty To appear in Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London A, 1998. "Discussion Meeting on Large Scale Structure in the Universe," Royal Society, London, March 1998. Text and colour figures also available at ftp://ftp.cita.utoronto.ca/bond/roysoc98
Impact of cosmological and astrophysical constraints on dark matter simplified models
Creators: name: Arina, Chiara
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Studies of dark matter models lie at the interface of astrophysics, cosmology, nuclear physics and collider physics. Constraining such models entails the capability to compare their predictions to a wide range of observations. In this review, we present the impact of global constraints to a specific class of models, called dark matter simplified models. These models have been adopted in the context of collider studies to classify the possible signatures due to dark matter production, with a reduced number of free parameters. We classify the models that have been analysed so far and for each of them we review in detail the complementarity of relic density, direct and indirect searches with respect to the LHC searches. We also discuss the capabilities of each type of search to identify regions where individual approaches to dark matter detection are the most relevant to constrain the model parameter space. Finally we provide a critical overview on the validity of the dark matter simplified models and discuss the caveats for the interpretation of the experimental results extracted for these models.
description: 48 pages, 12 figures, 2 tables. Invited review for the Research Topic 'From the Fermi scale to Cosmology' in Frontiers. Minor revisions to match the published version
Water security: the need for physical and economic assessment
Creators: name: Lee, Young Suk
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2015

description: Globally, availability of water of acceptable quality is under stress and only less than half of the predicted demand is likely to be addressed by improvements in water productivity and new water supply systems. In addition, climate change is having a significant impact on water resources and could cause catastrophic water related disasters. Water security is thus becoming a major pressing issue within the emerging global resource crisis. However, significant inconsistencies with the definition of water security have halted its use in practice, impeding the formation of a consensus on many water related issues. Water Security as a concept needs to contain and highlight several features including economic and other related risks. This thesis investigated the dual (economic–physical) nature of water security and introduced Economic Water Availability (EWA) as a term to complement its definition. Findings indicated that EWA dominates water withdrawal under conditions of severe physical water scarcity. They also demonstrated that there is a range where strong relationships between water related disasters and two selected economic factors, GNI per capita and GINI index, exist. These selected indices, which have been commonly accepted and well established, are advantageous in achieving social consensus on water security issues as well as providing adaptation solutions. Several desirable features of water security indices were also proposed including consideration of catastrophic events which are aggravated by climate change, simplicity ensuring effective communication, physical and economic variability, economic considerations and inequality. A simplified framework for water security assessment has been developed by adopting all those desirable features. The proposed framework is practical, simple and as it is based on research trend and requirements for interpreting current issues, it aims to allow policy makers to communicate these effectively to the general public. The findings of this study will also help many countries uncover critical areas in terms of water security and change their political priority.
title: ADCO, Cartulaire général de Cîteaux, dit de Jean de Cirey, (XVe siècle), tome I, Cart. 185 (11 H 70), f. 0221r
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CG21/F.PETOT/2012
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: cartulaire
subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris
subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge

description: Cartulaire général de Cîteaux, dit de Jean de Cirey, (XVe siècle), tome I, Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 185 (11 H 70), f. 0221r, Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Cartulaire général de Cîteaux, dit de Jean de Cirey, (XVe siècle), tome I, Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 185 (11 H 70), f. 0221r, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https:// manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: abbaye de Cîteaux
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843261
description: Provenance: https://www.geonames.org/3024876
description: Provenance: http://www.idref.fr/030974844/id
description: Provenance: https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12228351v
Novel applications for paper sludge ash
Creators: name: Spathi, Charikleia
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2015

description: The disposal of paper sludge ash (PSA) generated by the UK paper industry has caused environmental concerns and there is a need to provide more sustainable management options as an alternative to landfill. This study investigated and developed viable technologies for the production of waste-derived lightweight filler (LWF) particles with high strength-to-density ratios and hydrophobic materials. Two types of PSA, supplied by Aylesford Newsprint and UPM-Shotton recycled paper mills, were processed into LWFs and hydrophobic powders. They were both composed of gehlenite (Ca2Al2SiO7), calcite (CaCO3), calcium silicate (a’– Ca2SiO4), lime (CaO) and quartz (SiO2). Given that PSA exhibited low sintering reactivity at temperatures up to 1200 °C, recycled soda-lime glass was used to promote sintering while minimising the energy intensity of the proposed thermal treatment. Wet-milling of glass with PSA addition up to 20 wt. % produced foamed lightweight materials (~1 g˙cm-3) after rapid sintering at 800 °C. This was shown to be because of extensive growth of pores caused by gas evolution from the decomposition of, primarily, calcium carbonate present in PSA. Thermodynamic considerations for the 80/20 glass/PSA system also showed that the amount of gas evolved and entrapped within the sintered body determined the extent of closed-cell porosity for mixes of given viscosity and particle size characteristics. This was found to be a time-sensitive mechanism on a minutes scale. Incorporation of such low water permeability LWFs in cement mortars corroborated their use as structural, thermal-insulating materials. Dry milling of PSA particles with stearic acid led to unexpected surface functionalization inducing super-hydrophobicity. Both PSA samples exhibited water contact angles in the region of 150° when treated with 4 wt. % of stearic acid under optimised process conditions. This was due to the formation of calcium stearate self-assembling layers physically and chemically adsorbed on fracture PSA surfaces. PSA particles exhibited higher hydrophobicity when treated with stearic acid compared to other inorganic substrates and organic acids investigated. Research findings indicate that manufacturing of glass/PSA LWFs and PSA-based hydrophobic materials was technically feasible at laboratory scale. Economic and environmental benefits could drive commercial exploitation of research outputs.
Resurgence and Lefschetz thimble in 3d N=2 supersymmetric Chern-Simons matter theories
Creators: name: Fujimori, Toshiaki
name: Honda, Masazumi
name: Kamata, Syo
name: Misumi, Tatsuhiro
name: Sakai, Norisuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a certain class of supersymmetric (SUSY) observables in 3d $\mathcal{N}=2$ SUSY Chern-Simons (CS) matter theories and investigate how their exact results are related to the perturbative series with respect to coupling constants given by inverse CS levels. We show that the observables have nontrivial resurgent structures by expressing the exact results as a full transseries consisting of perturbative and non-perturbative parts. As real mass parameters are varied, we encounter Stokes phenomena at an infinite number of points, where the perturbative series becomes non-Borel-summable due to singularities on the positive real axis of the Borel plane. We also investigate the Stokes phenomena when the phase of the coupling constant is varied. For these cases, we find that the Borel ambiguities in the perturbative sector are canceled by those in nonperturbative sectors and end up with an unambiguous result which agrees with the exact result even on the Stokes lines. We also decompose the Coulomb branch localization formula, which is an integral representation for the exact results, into Lefschetz thimble contributions and study how they are related to the resurgent transseries. We interpret the non-perturbative effects appearing in the transseries as contributions of complexified SUSY solutions which formally satisfy the SUSY conditions but are not on the original path integral contour.
description: 46+14 pages, 13 figures; v3: accepted version to PTEP, some explanations improved, some comments on large-N expansion added
Let’s Figure It Out: Participatory Methods for Reflecting on Educational Media in a Postdigital World
Creators: name: Weich, Andreas
name: Schiering, Ina
name: Friedewald, Michael
name: Deny, Philipp
name: Priedigkeit, Marvin
name: :Unav
Publisher: name: Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft
Year: 2022

description: The "postdigital condition" is characterized by an entanglement of digital and analogue media technologies and practices, with two of today’s primary societal challenges being a loss of privacy in data-driven media practices and the implicit power relations within media constellations that determine who is able to participate how. Education plays a crucial role in this context, being both the sphere in which reflection on these challenges can take place and also being itself based on digital media constellations that must in turn be reflected upon. This chapter considers two workshop concepts that facilitate such reflection: one based on Data Protection Impact Assessments (DPIA), based on risk management and the tradition of technology impact assessments, and an original approach for reflection on media constellations that has its roots in media and practice theory.
Lanius carnifex Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Passeriformes
Laniidae
Lanius
Lanius carnifex

description: Lanius carnifex [spec. nov.]
L. corpore rubro, fascia oculari remigum rectricumque apicibus nigris.
Garrulus ruber surinamensis. Edv. av. 39. t. 39.
Habitat Surinami.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 94, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
The Lyman-alpha Forest in the Cold Dark Matter Model
Creators: name: Hernquist, Lars
name: Katz, Neal
name: Weinberg, David H.
name: Miralda-Escude, Jordi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cosmological simulations with gas provide a detailed description of the intergalactic medium, making possible predictions of neutral hydrogen absorption in the spectra of background QSOs. We present results from a high-resolution calculation of an $Ω=1$ cold dark matter model. Our simulation reproduces many of the observed properties of the \lya forest surprisingly well. The distribution of HI column densities agrees with existing data to within a factor of $\sim$ two over most of the range from $10^{14}\cm^{-2}$ to $10^{22}\cm^{-2}$; i.e., from unsaturated \lya forest lines to damped \lya systems. The equivalent width distribution matches the observed exponential form with a characteristic width $W_* \approx 0.3$ angstroms. The distribution of b-parameters appears consistent with that derived from QSO spectra. Most of the low column density absorption arises in large, flattened structures of moderate or even relatively low overdensity, so there is no sharp distinction between the \lya forest and the ``Gunn-Peterson'' absorption produced by the smooth intergalactic medium. Our results demonstrate that a \lya forest like that observed develops naturally in a hierarchical clustering scenario with a photoionizing background. Comparison between simulations and high-resolution QSO spectra should open a new regime for testing theories of cosmic structure formation.
description: compressed postscript, 11 pages including 4 embedded figures. Submitted to ApJ Letters
Disentangling interacting symmetry protected phases of fermions in two dimensions
Creators: name: Ellison, Tyler D.
name: Fidkowski, Lukasz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct fixed point lattice models for group supercohomology symmetry protected topological (SPT) phases of fermions in 2+1D. A key feature of our approach is to construct finite depth circuits of local unitaries that explicitly build the ground states from a tensor product state. We then recover the classification of fermionic SPT phases, including the group structure under stacking, from the algebraic composition rules of these circuits. Furthermore, we show that the circuits are symmetric, implying that the group supercohomology phases can be many body localized. Our strategy involves first building an auxiliary bosonic model, and then fermionizing it using the duality of Chen, Kapustin, and Radicevic. One benefit of this approach is that it clearly disentangles the role of the algebraic group supercohomology data, which is used to build the auxiliary bosonic model, from that of the spin structure, which is combinatorially encoded in the lattice and enters only in the fermionization step. In particular this allows us to study our models on 2d spatial manifolds of any topology and to define a lattice-level procedure for ungauging fermion parity.
description: 17 + 13 pages, 16 figures, v3 published version
title: A leader and a lady?: a computational approach to detection of political gender stereotypes in Facebook user comments
Creators: name: Andrich, Aliya
name: Domahidi, Emese
Publisher: name: TU Ilmenau
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: gender stereotypes
subject: politicians
subject: Social Media
subject: Facebook
subject: computational methods
subject: word embeddings
subject: 300

description: Voters tend to perceive female and male politicians differently, viewing women in politics through the prism of existing gender stereotypes. Although social media have become one of the key platforms for political communication, little is known about stereotypes that social media users communicate about political candidates. This study investigates how gender influences citizens’ evaluations of more than 500 U.S. politicians on social media. Drawing on a large sample of Facebook user comments (n = 13,866,507), we find that female politicians are discussed using traits describing women’s personality and appearance. We also show that users associate female politicians with leadership, competence, and empathy. However, the results are different for highly prominent politicians. Specifically, our findings support the idea of leadership roles being more strongly linked to the masculine stereotype, as we observe that Donald Trump is more strongly associated with masculinity and traits relevant for a political career than Hillary Clinton.
description: International journal of communication: IJoC, vol. 17, 2023, p. 236
SBF Distances to Dwarf Elliptical Galaxies in the Sculptor Group
Creators: name: Jerjen, Helmut
name: Freeman, Ken C.
name: Binggeli, Bruno
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As part of an ongoing search for dwarf elliptical galaxies (dE) in the vicinity of the Local Group, we acquired deep B and R-band images for five dE candidates identified in the Sculptor (Scl) group region. We carried out a surface brightness fluctuation (SBF) analysis on the R-band images to measure the apparent fluctuation magnitude \bar{m}_R for each dE. Using predictions from stellar population synthesis models the galaxy distances were determined. All of these dE candidates turned out to be satellites of Scl group major members. A redshift measurement of the dE candidate ESO294-010 yielded an independent confirmation of its group membership: the [OIII] and H$_α$ emission lines from a small HII region gave a heliocentric velocity of 117(\pm 5) km s-1, in close agreement with the velocity of its parent galaxy NGC 55 (v_\odot=125 km s-1). The precision of the SBF distances (5 to 10%) contributes to delineating the cigar-like distribution of the Scl group members, which extend over distances from 1.7 to 4.4 Mpc and are concentrated in three, possibly four subclumps. The Hubble diagram for nine Scl galaxies, including two of our dEs, exhibits a tight linear velocity--distance relation with a steep slope of 119 km s-1 Mpc-1. The results indicate that gravitational interaction among the Scl group members plays only a minor role in the dynamics of the group. However, the Hubble flow of the entire system appears strongly disturbed by the large masses of our Galaxy and M31 leading to the observed shearing motion. From the distances and velocities of 49 galaxies located in the Local Group and towards the Scl group, we illustrate the continuity of the galaxy distribution which strongly supports the view that the two groups form a single supergalactic structure.
description: To appear in The Astronomical Journal, December 1998; 28 pages with 22 figures
AN INTEGRATED CONSTITUTIVE MODELING APPROACH TO PREDICTING DEFORMATION RESPONSE OF DRY FABRICS AND PREPREGS UNDER PROCESSING CONDITIONS
Creators: name: Wei, Qingxuan
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 400101
subject: Aerospace materials

description: Defects in composite manufacturing often lead to compromised structural integrity and reduced performance of the final product. A robust constitutive modeling framework is needed to efficiently and accurately predict the deformation responses of dry fabrics and pre-impregnated fibers, paving the way for defect simulation. This thesis presents a comprehensive study on the development and application of a novel constitutive model of fabric preforms and pre-impregnated fibers during composite manufacturing processes.This work proposes an integrated constitutive study for textile fabrics in the aspects of mesoscale tow and macroscale fabric behavior. First, a textile architecture-based discrete modeling approach was developed to predict and visualize fiber tow and fabric deformation. The fabrics consist of interlacing virtual fiber tows which are represented by Timoshenko beams joined by translational and rotational springs and rotary dashpots, which are used to capture the energy dissipation during in-plane shear deformation. Second, an anisotropic hyper-viscoelastic model was developed using the strain energy density function of a homogenized unit cell to predict the fabric deformation as a continuous field. A Maxwell model consisting of one Maxwell element and an additional spring is used to consider the nonequilibrium stresses generated during in-plane shear, transverse shear, and through-thickness compaction deformations. Both approaches were experimentally characterized and applied to a hemisphere draping model in the commercial Finite Element Analysis (FEA) software, Abaqus, to demonstrate the predictive capabilities.Then, the robust hyper-viscoelastic model is extended to predict prepreg compaction and bending behavior. In the compaction aspect, a coupling term of energy that captures the effect of squeezing flow and a highly nonlinear transverse compression energy are proposed to predict the compaction response of prepreg with liquid and rubbery resin. The viscoelastic parameters were characterized by a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) model for liquid resin and a discrete micromechanics model for rubbery resin. The method was applied to stepwise compaction simulation at different temperatures in Abaqus and compared to experiments for validation. In the bending aspect, the effective shear modulus is expressed as a function of the second-order gradient of deformation. Modeling parameters were characterized by an analytical model that captures the underlying fiber and matrix deformation mechanism. Parametric study was conducted to illustrate the influence of each parameter and the capability to enhance the accuracy of bending prediction.
Damped Lyman-alpha and Lyman Limit Absorbers in the Cold Dark Matter Model
Creators: name: Katz, Neal
name: Weinberg, David H.
name: Hernquist, Lars
name: Miralda-Escude, Jordi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the formation of damped \lya and Lyman limit absorbers in a hierarchical clustering scenario using a gas dynamical simulation of an $Ω= 1$, cold dark matter universe. In the simulation, these high column density systems are associated with forming galaxies. Damped \lya absorption, $N_{HI} \simgt 10^{20.2}\cm^{-2}$, arises along lines of sight that pass near the centers of relatively massive, dense protogalaxies. Lyman limit absorption, $10^{17}\cm^{-2} \simlt N_{HI} \simlt 10^{20.2}\cm^{-2}$, develops on lines of sight that pass through the outer parts of such objects or near the centers of smaller protogalaxies. The number of Lyman limit systems is less than observed, while the number of damped \lya systems is quite close to the observed abundance. Damped absorbers are typically $\sim 10$ kpc in radius, but the population has a large total cross section because the systems are much more numerous than present day $L_*$ galaxies. Our results demonstrate that high column density systems like those observed arise naturally in a hierarchical theory of galaxy formation and that it is now possible to study these absorbers directly from numerical simulations.
description: compressed postscript, 12 pages including 2 embedded figures. A version that also includes embedded Figure 1, a 6 Mbyte color postscript image (which prints reasonable grey scale on a b/w printer) is available from ftp://bessel.mps.ohio-state.edu/pub/dhw/Preprints Submitted to ApJ Letters
Age Dating of a High-Redshift QSO B1422+231 at Z=3.62 and its Cosmological Implications
Creators: name: Yoshii, Yuzuru
name: Tsujimoto, Takuji
name: Kawara, Kimiaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The observed Fe II(UV+optical)/Mg II lambda lambda 2796,2804 flux ratio from a gravitationally lensed quasar B1422+231 at z=3.62 is interpreted in terms of detailed modeling of photoionization and chemical enrichment in the broad-line region (BLR) of the host galaxy. The delayed iron enrichment by Type Ia supernovae is used as a cosmic clock. Our standard model, which matches the Fe II/Mg II ratio, requires the age of 1.5 Gyr for B1422+231 with a lower bound of 1.3 Gyr, which exceeds the expansion age of the Einstein-de Sitter Omega_0=1 universe at a redshift of 3.62 for any value of the Hubble constant in the currently accepted range, H_0=60-80 km,s^{-1},Mpc^{-1}. This problem of an age discrepancy at z=3.62 can be unraveled in a low-density Omega_0<0.2 universe, either with or without a cosmological constant, depending on the allowable redshift range of galaxy formation. However, whether the cosmological constant is a required option in modern cosmology awaits a thorough understanding of line transfer processes in the BLRs.
description: 7 pages including 3 figures, to appear in ApJ Letters
Similarity Join and Similarity Self-Join Size Estimation in a Streaming Environment
Creators: name: Rafiei, Davood
name: Deng, Fan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We study the problem of similarity self-join and similarity join size estimation in a streaming setting where the goal is to estimate, in one scan of the input and with sublinear space in the input size, the number of record pairs that have a similarity within a given threshold. The problem has many applications in data cleaning and query plan generation, where the cost of a similarity join may be estimated before actually doing the join. On unary input where two records either match or don't match, the problem becomes join and self-join size estimation for which one-pass algorithms are readily available. Our work addresses the problem for d-ary input, for d >= 1, where the degree of similarity can vary from 1 to d. We show that our proposed algorithm gives an accurate estimate and scales well with the input size. We provide error bounds and time and space costs, and conduct an extensive experimental evaluation of our algorithm, comparing its estimation accuracy to a few competitors, including some multi-pass algorithms. Our results show that given the same space, the proposed algorithm has an order of magnitude less error for a large range of similarity thresholds.
description: IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering (to appear)