cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
On the $q$-analogue of the Maurer-Cartan equation
Creators: name: Angel, Mauricio
name: Díaz, Rafael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider deformations of the differential of a $q$-differential graded algebra. We prove that it is controlled by a generalized Maurer-Cartan equation. We find explicit formulae for the coefficients $c_k$ involved in that equation.
Effects of Mergers and Core Structure on the Bulk Properties of Nearby Galaxy Clusters
Creators: name: O'Hara, Timothy B.
name: Mohr, Joseph J.
name: Bialek, John J.
name: Evrard, August E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use morphological measurements and the scatter of clusters about observed and simulated scaling relations to examine the impact of merging and core-related phenomena on the structure of galaxy clusters. All relations constructed from emission-weighted mean temperature and intracluster medium mass, X-ray luminosity, isophotal size, or near-IR luminosity show a separation between cool core (CC) and non-cool core (NCC) clusters. We attribute this partially to a temperature bias in CC clusters, and partially to other cool core-related structural changes. We attempt to minimize CC/NCC separation in scaling relations by applying a uniform scale factor to CC cluster temperatures and determining the scale factor for each relation that minimizes the separation between CC and NCC populations, and by introducing central surface brightness as a third parameter in relations. The latter approach reduces scatter in relations more than temperature scaling. We compare the scatter within subsamples split by CC/NCC and morphological merger indicators. CC clusters and clusters with less substructure generally exhibit higher scatter about relations. The larger structural variations in CC clusters exit well outside the core, suggesting that a process more global than core radiative instability is at work. Simulations without cooling mechanisms also show no correlation between substructure and larger scatter about relations, indicating that any merger-related scatter increases are subtle. The results indicate that cool core related phenomena, not merging processes, are the primary contributor to scatter in scaling relations. Our analysis does not appear to support the scenario in which clusters evolve cool cores over time unless they experience major mergers. (Abridged)
description: 18 pages, 17 figures; minor changes to text to match accepted version. To appear in ApJ
Droplet motion driven by surface freezing or melting: A mesoscopic hydrodynamic approach
Creators: name: Yochelis, Arik
name: Pismen, Len M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A fluid droplet may exhibit self-propelled motion by modifying the wetting properties of the substrate. We propose a novel model for droplet propagation upon a terraced landscape of ordered layers formed as a result of surface freezing driven by the contact angle dependence on the terrace thickness. Simultaneous melting or freezing of the terrace edge results in a joint droplet-terrace motion. The model is tested numerically and compared to experimental observations on long-chain alkane system in the vicinity of the surface melting point.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Additional file 1 of Impact of a ketogenic diet intervention during radiotherapy on body composition: III—final results of the KETOCOMP study for breast cancer patients
Creators: name: Klement, Rainer J.
name: Champ, Colin E.
name: Kämmerer, Ulrike
name: Koebrunner, Petra S.
name: Krage, Kelley
name: Schäfer, Gabriele
name: M. Weigel
name: Sweeney, Reinhart A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Cardiology

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Table 1. Second-order bias-corrected Akaike information criterion (AICc) values for the different models (Eq. 1-6) fitted to the body composition data.
Electric readout of magnetization dynamics in a ferromagnet-semiconductor system
Creators: name: Cywinski, L.
name: Dery, H.
name: Sham, L. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply an analysis of time-dependent spin-polarized current in a semiconductor channel at room temperature to establish how the magnetization configuration and dynamics of three ferromagnetic terminals, two of them biased and third connected to a capacitor, affect the currents and voltages. In a steady state, the voltage on the capacitor is related to spin accumulation in the channel. When the magnetization of one of the terminals is rotated, a transient current is triggered. This effect can be used for electrical detection of magnetization reversal dynamics of an electrode or for dynamical readout of the alignment of two magnetic contacts.
description: Revised version, 8 pages, 3 figures
First Results from the CHARA Array. I. An Interferometric and Spectroscopic Study of the Fast Rotator alpha Leonis (Regulus)
Creators: name: McAlister, H. A.
name: Brummelaar, T. A. ten
name: Gies, D. R.
name: Huang, W.
name: Bagnuolo,, W. G.
name: Shure, M. A.
name: Sturmann, J.
name: Sturmann, L.
name: Turner, N. H.
name: Taylor, S. F.
name: Berger, D. H.
name: Baines, E. K.
name: Grundstrom, E.
name: Ogden, C.
name: Ridgway, S. T.
name: van Belle, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on K-band interferometric observations of the bright, rapidly rotating star Regulus (type B7 V) made with the CHARA Array on Mount Wilson, California. Through a combination of interferometric and spectroscopic measurements, we have determined for Regulus the equatorial and polar diameters and temperatures, the rotational velocity and period, the inclination and position angle of the spin axis, and the gravity darkening coefficient. These first results from the CHARA Array provide the first interferometric measurement of gravity darkening in a rapidly rotating star and represent the first detection of gravity darkening in a star that is not a member of an eclipsing binary system.
description: Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal, 44 pages w/ 14 figures
Anisotropic Kondo screening induced by spin-orbit coupling in quantum wires
Creators: name: Vernek, E.
name: Martins, G. B.
name: Zitko, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the numerical renormalization group (NRG) method we study a magnetic impurity coupled to a quantum wire with Rashba and Dresselhaus spin-orbit coupling (SOC) in an external magnetic field. We consider the low-filling regime with the Fermi energy close to the bottom of the band and report the results for local static and dynamic properties in the Kondo regime. In the absence of the field, local impurity properties remain isotropic in spin space despite the SOC-induced magnetic anisotropy of the conduction band. In the presence of the field, clear fingerprints of anisotropy are revealed through the strong field-direction dependence of the impurity spin polarization and spectra, in particular of the Kondo peak height. The detailed behavior depends on the relative magnitudes of the impurity and band $g$-factors. For the case of impurity $g$-factor somewhat lower than the band $g$-factor, the maximal Kondo peak suppression is found for field oriented along the effective SOC field axis, while for a field perpendicular to this direction we observe a compensation effect (``revival of the Kondo peak''): the SOC counteracts the Kondo peak splitting effects of the local Zeeman field. We demonstrate that the SOC-induced anisotropy, measurable by tunneling spectroscopy techniques, can help to determine the ratio of Rashba and Dresselhaus SOC strengths in the wire.
description: 7 pages, 9 figures
Organic Farms in the EU: Status Quo, Development Strategies and Policy Impacts on Selected Arable and Dairy Farms
Creators: name: Haring, Anna Maria
name: Haring, Anna Maria
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: typical organic farms
subject: integrated modelling
subject: policy impact analysis
subject: strategic farm development

description: Organic farming is increasingly considered in the European Common Agricultural Policy. Sound evaluations of the effects of policy measures on organic farms in the EU are needed to face the challenges in future policy design. The effects of various policy scenarios on profitability and development strategies of typical organic arable and dairy farms are analysed for the EU countries Germany, Denmark, the United Kingdom and Italy. Based on an approach which integrates simulation modelling and focus groups, profitability of model farms is analysed ex-post for year the 1999 and their potential development simulated until 2008 under Agenda 2000 and three alternative policy scenarios. For each policy scenario potential farm adaptation strategies are analysed. Size, structure, productivity, achieved output prices and policy surrounding of typical organic farms differ widely between countries and farm types. Great differences in the contribution of payments to total farm profit and farm family labour remuneration are observed. Dairy model farms are expected to slightly benefit from Agenda 2000, while arable farms are more susceptible to price reductions realised in the Agenda 2000 package. In adaptation to Agenda 2000 organic dairy farms are expected to grow, while arable farms are more likely to diversify production or envisage valued adding strategies. The effects of alternative policy scenarios on profitability of typical farms are similar in all countries. The choice of adaptation strategy of farmers in the different countries, however, vary significantly, mainly due to the current market situation.
Roughness fluctuations, roughness exponents and the universality class of ballistic deposition
Creators: name: Reis, Fabio D. A. Aarao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In order to estimate roughness exponents of interface growth models, we propose the calculation of effective exponents from the roughness fluctuation (sigma) in the steady state. We compare the finite-size behavior of these exponents and the ones calculated from the average roughness for two models in the 2+1-dimensional Kardar-Parisi-Zhang (KPZ) class and for a model in the 1+1-dimensional Villain-Lai-Das Sarma (VLDS) class. The values obtained from sigma provide consistent asymptotic estimates, eventually with smaller finite-size corrections. For the VLDS (nonlinear molecular beam epitaxy) class, we obtain alpha=0.93+-0.01, improving previous estimates. We also apply this method to two versions of the ballistic deposition model in two-dimensional substrates, in order to clarify the controversy on its universality class raised by numerical results and a recent derivation of its continuous equation. Effective exponents calculated from sigma suggest that both versions are in the KPZ class. Additional support to this conclusion is obtained by a comparison of the full roughness distributions of those models and the distribution of other discrete KPZ models.
description: 12 pages (4 figures included); to be published in Physica A
Non-LTE Calculations of the Mg I 12.32 $μ$m Line in a Flaring Atmosphere
Creators: name: Hong, Jie
name: Bai, Xianyong
name: Li, Ying
name: Ding, M. D.
name: Deng, Yuanyong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The infrared Mg I lines near 12 microns are a pair of emission lines which are magnetically sensitive and have been used to measure solar magnetic fields. Here we calculate the response of the Mg I 12.32 $μ$m line during a flare and find that in our modeling this line has a complicated behavior. At the beginning of the flare heating, this line shows an intensity dimming at the line center. The intensity then increases when heating continues, with increasing contributions from the heated layers in the chromosphere. The line formation height and the line width also increase as a result. As for the polarized line profiles, we find that flare heating tends to decrease the Zeeman splitting width and attenuates the Stokes $V$ lobe intensity. The wider features in the Stokes $V$ profiles are more pronounced during flare heating, which should be considered when performing magnetic field inversions.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures, accepted by ApJ
On Vertices and Focal Curvatures of Space Curves
Creators: name: Uribe-Vargas, Ricardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 51L15, 53A04, 53D12

description: The {\em focal curve} of an immersed smooth curve $γ:s\mapsto γ(s)$, in Euclidean space $\R^{m+1}$, consists of the centres of its osculating hyperspheres. The focal curve may be parametrised in terms of the Frenet frame of $γ$ (${\bf t},{\bf n}_1, ...,{\bf n}_m$), as $C_γ(s)=(γ+c_1{\bf n}_1+c_2{\bf n}_2+...+c_m{\bf n}_m)(s)$, where the coefficients $c_1,...,c_{m-1}$ are smooth functions that we call the {\em focal curvatures} of $γ$. We discovered a remarkable formula relating the Euclidean curvatures $κ_i$, $i=1,...,m$, of $γ$ with its focal curvatures. We show that the focal curvatures satisfy a system of Frenet equations (not vectorial, but scalar!). We use the properties of the focal curvatures in order to give, for $k=1,...,m$, necessary and sufficient conditions for the radius of the osculating $k$-dimensional sphere to be critical. We also give necessary and sufficient conditions for a point of $γ$ to be a vertex. Finally, we show explicitly the relations of the Frenet frame and the Euclidean curvatures of $γ$ with the Frenet frame and the Euclidean curvatures of its focal curve $C_γ$.
description: 18 pages, article submited
Evaluating EU Agricultural Policy Reform Using the EU WTO Model
Creators: name: Stout, Jim
name: Leetmaa, Susan E.
name: Normile, Mary Anne
name: Stout, Jim
name: Leetmaa, Susan E.
name: Normile, Mary Anne
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: WTO
subject: agricultural trade
subject: domestic support
subject: export subsidy
subject: European Union

description: This paper provides an overview of the European Union component of the recently developed ERS/Penn State WTO Model. The model is a multi-region, multi-commodity partial equilibrium trade model which allows the user to simulate the effects of reducing or eliminating tariffs and TRQs, export subsidies, and domestic support policies. The paper describes how the model captures the important agricultural policies of the EU, and presents results from model simulations of domestic support liberalization, export subsidy elimination, and tariff removal.
Decoupled Payments and the Localization of Activities
Creators: name: Daniel, Karine
name: Kilkenny, Maureen
name: Daniel, Karine
name: Kilkenny, Maureen
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: location
subject: agriculture
subject: economic geography
subject: decoupling

description: This article considers the impacts of (de)coupled farm sector support on the locations of farming and agro-industrial activity. An economic geography model is developed which has two types of regions, one with extensive agricultural production (rural), the other with intensive farming that is more densely populated (urban). The farm and agro-industrial sectors are vertically linked. A service sector that is not directly linked to either basic industry is also explicit. We show that coupled and decoupled subsidies affect the spatial distribution of farming, industry, and service sector activity. Support that is provided to all farmers regardless of crop, thus semi-decoupled, increases spatial agglomeration. Support targeted to farmers of particular crops, especially rural comparative advantage crops, favors increased farming in rural areas but spatial agglomeration of non-farm activity still occurs. This latter targeting approach is used in the European Union.
Additional file 1 of Oxytocin reduces adipose tissue inflammation in obese mice
Creators: name: Szeto, Angela
name: Cecati, Monia
name: Ahmed, Raisa
name: McCabe, Philip M.
name: Mendez, Armando J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 1: Figure 1S. Fasting blood glucose and insulin tolerance testing in Control and Oxytocin treated db/db mice. Table 1S. Obesity modulates OXTR expression in epididymal fat in lean and obese mice.
Hidden and open heavy-flavor hadronic states
Creators: name: Garcilazo, H.
name: Valcarce, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the stability of hidden and open heavy-flavor hadronic states made of either two or three mesons. References are made in passing to studies regarding two and three-body systems containing baryons. We perform a comparative study analyzing the results in terms of quark and hadron degrees of freedom. Compact and molecular states are found to exist in very specific situations. We estimate the decay width for the different scenarios: weak decays for bound states by the strong interaction, and strong decays for hadronic resonances above a decay threshold. The experimental observation of narrow hadrons lying well above their lowest decay threshold is theoretically justified.
description: Paper commissioned to Prof. H. Garcilazo for the special issue "New Trends in Hadron Physics: a Few-Body Perspective" of Few Body Systems. 20 pages, 13 figures
Export Performance and Innovation Activities in the Agrifood Industry: A Recursive Estimation Approach
Creators: name: Ameur, Mehrez
name: Gracia, Azucena
name: Ameur, Mehrez
name: Gracia, Azucena
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Agribusiness

description: Agrifood firms operate in a more global, saturated and competitive market than other manufacturing firms, and they have smaller size. These firms certainly need to define appropriate strategies related to accessing the international market and to investing in innovative activities. This two decisions are related to firms size because as Krugman states international trade is not only explained by differences in technology between countries but also by firms' desire to extend their sales in foreign markets to take advantage of the economies of scales. Therefore, it seems to exist a simultaneous relation between firm size, exports and innovative activities. The aim of this paper is to analyse agrifood firms' decisions on these three strategies: export behaviour, innovative activities and firm's size in comparison to other manufacturing firms using some modification from the simultaneous model defined by Entorf and Pohlmeier. The study is focused on the Spanish manufactured firms taking special attention to the agri-food ones. Data come from a National Survey ("Encuesta de Estrategias Empresariales") carried out by the "Fundacion Empresa Publica") from 1990. Results indicate that agri-food manufacturing firms decision process related to their size, export share and innovative activities is not a simultaneous process. Moreover, some differences with the rest of manufactured firms have been detected, In particular, agri-food firms have lower export shares, lower size and lower innovation intensity than Spanish firms in other manufacturing sectors. Spanish firms decision process on strategic variables (size, export share and innovation) is characterized by a recursive decision process where firms firstly decide export intensity, secondly, they decide their size or total sales depending on the previous decision and, finally, they decide their innovative intensity depending on the last two.
Atomistic studies of thin film growth
Creators: name: Rahman, Talat S.
name: Ghosh, Chandana
name: Trushin, Oleg
name: Kara, Abdelkader
name: Karim, Altaf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present here a summary of some recent techniques used for atomistic studies of thin film growth and morphological evolution. Specific attention is given to a new kinetic Monte Carlo technique in which the usage of unique labeling schemes of the environment of the diffusing entity allows the development of a closed data base of 49 single atom diffusion processes for periphery motion. The activation energy barriers and diffusion paths are calculated using reliable manybody interatomic potentials. The application of the technique to the diffusion of 2-dimensional Cu clusters on Cu(111) shows interesting trends in the diffusion rate and in the frequencies of the microscopic mechanisms which are responsible for the motion of the clusters, as a function of cluster size and temperature. The results are compared with those obtained from yet another novel kinetic Monte Carlo technique in which an open data base of the energetics and diffusion paths of microscopic processes is continuously updated as needed. Comparisons are made with experimental data where available.
Intentions, Information, and Convenience: An Empirical Analysis of their Effect on the American Diet and Demand for Meat
Creators: name: Mancino, Lisa
name: Dietz, Brian
name: Mancino, Lisa
name: Dietz, Brian
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Meat Demand
subject: Behavioral Economics
subject: Information and Nutrition

description: The purpose of this paper will be to develop and present a new approach for examining the demand for meat by incorporating many of the advances in behavioral economics. By providing a closer approximation to how consumers actually behave, doing so should improve upon existing models. Incorporating findings from behavioral studies will also provide a richer theoretical basis to correct for the longstanding problem of endogeniety in cross-sectional studies. The theoretical model in this study begins with the Becker household production model, where individuals are assumed to maximize utility, subject to their production functions, budget constraint and time constraint. To develop a model that more accurately depicts how individual's make their food choices, this model additionally assumes that individuals 1) use household time to create food, health and relaxation; 2) make their food and nutrient consumption choices on a per-meal basis; 3) are affected by the prospect of immediate gratification, convenience and time delay, and 4) are more affected by these factors as their hunger increases.
Escape rate and conditional escape rate from a probabilistic point of view
Creators: name: Davis, Connor
name: Haydn, Nicolai
name: Yang, Fan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove that for a sequence of nested sets $\{U_n\}$ with $Λ= \cap_n U_n$ a measure zero set, the localized escape rate converges to the extremal index of $Λ$, provided that the dynamical system is $ϕ$-mixing at polynomial speed. We also establish the general equivalence between the local escape rate for entry times and the local escape rate for returns.
Additional file 5 of Cis and trans effects differentially contribute to the evolution of promoters and enhancers
Creators: name: Mattioli, Kaia
name: Oliveros, Winona
name: Gerhardinger, Chiara
name: Andergassen, Daniel
name: Maass, Philipp G.
name: Rinn, John L.
name: Melé, Marta
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 5. Review history.
Curvature from quantum deformations
Creators: name: Ballesteros, Angel
name: Herranz, Francisco J.
name: Ragnisco, Orlando
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A Poisson coalgebra analogue of a (non-standard) quantum deformation of sl(2) is shown to generate an integrable geodesic dynamics on certain 2D spaces of non-constant curvature. Such a curvature depends on the quantum deformation parameter z and the flat case is recovered in the limit z\to 0. A superintegrable geodesic dynamics can also be defined in the same framework, and the corresponding spaces turn out to be either Riemannian or relativistic spacetimes (AdS and dS) with constant curvature equal to z. The underlying coalgebra symmetry of this approach ensures the existence of its generalization to arbitrary dimension.
description: 10 pages, LaTeX
The Common Agricultural Policy and EU Enlargement: Implications for Agricultural Production in the Central and Eastern European Countries
Creators: name: Fernandez, Javier
name: Fernandez, Javier
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: CAP
subject: CEECs
subject: EU enlargement
subject: supply response
subject: structural constraints.

description: This paper focuses on the consequences that an extension of the Common Agricultural Policy could have on agricultural production in the Central and Eastern European Countries. It reviews the evidence presented by recent attempts to quantify the potential impacts of accession on production levels in the CEECs. It also takes into account results from previous studies in order to analyse the importance that structural constraints might have on the capacity of the CEECs' agricultural sectors to respond to supply incentives under accession to the EU, and to examine some research questions that are still unanswered in relation to the supply potential of the CEECs. Some conclusions and policy recommendations are drawn at the end.
Additional file 6 of Translation of evidence into kidney transplant clinical practice: managing drug-lab interactions by a context-aware clinical decision support system
Creators: name: Niazkhani, Zahra
name: Fereidoni, Mahsa
name: Khazaee, Parviz Rashidi
name: Shiva, Afshin
name: Makhdoomi, Khadijeh
name: Georgiou, Andrew
name: Pirnejad, Habibollah
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Information Systems

description: Additional file 6. Sample diagrams for individual drugs.
Peter Pan Discs: finding Neverland's parameters
Creators: name: Coleman, Gavin A. L.
name: Haworth, Thomas J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Peter Pan discs are a recently discovered class of long-lived discs around low-mass stars that survive for an order of magnitude longer than typical discs. In this paper we use disc evolutionary models to determine the required balance between initial conditions and the magnitude of dispersal processes for Peter Pan discs to be primordial. We find that we require low transport ($α\sim10^{-4}$), extremely low external photoevaporation ($\leq10^{-9}{\rm M_{\odot}/yr}$), and relatively high disc masses ($>0.25M_*$) to produce discs with ages and accretion rates consistent with Peter Pan discs. Higher transport ($α= 10^{-3}$) results in disc lifetimes that are too short and even lower transport ($α= 10^{-5}$) leads to accretion rates smaller than those observed. The required external photoevaporation rates are so low that primordial Peter Pan discs will have formed in rare environments on the periphery of low-mass star-forming regions, or deeply embedded, and as such have never subsequently been exposed to higher amounts of UV radiation. Given that such an external photoevaporation scenario is rare, the required disc parameters and accretion properties may reflect the initial conditions and accretion rates of a much larger fraction of the discs around low-mass stars.
description: Published in MNRAS, 6 pages, 4 figures
Higher spin vertex models with domain wall boundary conditions
Creators: name: Caradoc, A
name: Foda, O
name: Kitanine, N
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We derive determinant expressions for the partition functions of spin-k/2 vertex models on a finite square lattice with domain wall boundary conditions.
description: 14 pages, 12 figures. Minor corrections. Version to appear in JSTAT
Additional file 5 of Translation of evidence into kidney transplant clinical practice: managing drug-lab interactions by a context-aware clinical decision support system
Creators: name: Niazkhani, Zahra
name: Fereidoni, Mahsa
name: Khazaee, Parviz Rashidi
name: Shiva, Afshin
name: Makhdoomi, Khadijeh
name: Georgiou, Andrew
name: Pirnejad, Habibollah
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Information Systems

description: Additional file 5. Sample diagrams for individual drugs.
Welfare Analysis in a Multi-Market Framework: Implications of the Cap Cotton, Maize and Sugar Beet Regime in Greece
Creators: name: Katranidis, Stelios D.
name: Katranidis, Stelios D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: welfare analysis
subject: Common Agricultural Policy
subject: bootstrapping
subject: Greek cotton
subject: maize and sugar beet production.

description: This paper examines the welfare effects of the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) cotton, maize and sugar beet regimes practiced in Greece after its 1981 entry into the European Union. These markets are considered as horizontally related because there are usually the same farmers that use the same areas to produce various combinations of the relevant products. We use bootstrap techniques to conduct a statistical analysis of the estimated welfare measurements. The welfare analysis indicates that the income amounts transferred to farmers rose significantly in the period between 1981 and 1992. The 1992 CAP reform slowed down this trend, and transfers have remained at an almost statistically constant level since 1992.
Protostellar collapse: the conditions to form dust rich protoplanetary disks
Creators: name: Lebreuilly, Ugo
name: Commerçon, Benoît
name: Laibe, Guillaume
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dust plays a key role during star, disk and planet formation. Yet, its dynamics during the protostellar collapse remains a poorly investigated field. Recent studies seem to indicate that dust may decouple efficiently from the gas during these early stages. We aim to understand how much and in which regions dust grains concentrate during the early phases of the protostellar collapse, and see how it depends on the properties of the initial cloud and of the solid particles. We use the multiple species dust dynamics solver of the grid-based code RAMSES to perform various simulations of dusty collapses. We perform hydrodynamical and MHD simulations where we vary the maximum grain size, the thermal-to-gravitational energy ratio and the magnetic properties of the cloud. We simulate the simultaneous evolution of ten neutral dust grains species with grain sizes varying from a few nm to a few hundredth of microns. We obtain a significant decoupling between the gas and the dust for grains of typical sizes a few 10 microns. This decoupling strongly depends on the thermal-to-gravitational energy ratio, the grain sizes or the inclusion of a magnetic field. With a semi-analytic model calibrated on our results, we show that the dust ratio mostly varies exponentially with the initial Stokes number at a rate that depends on the local cloud properties. We find that larger grains tend to settle and drift efficiently in the first-core and in the newly formed disk. This can produce dust-to-gas ratios of several times the initial value. Dust concentrates in high density regions and is depleted in low density regions. The size at which grains decouple from the gas depends on the initial properties of the clouds. Since dust can not necessarily be used as a proxy for gas during the collapse, we emphasize on the necessity of including the treatment of its dynamics in collapse simulations.
description: Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Additional file 4 of Translation of evidence into kidney transplant clinical practice: managing drug-lab interactions by a context-aware clinical decision support system
Creators: name: Niazkhani, Zahra
name: Fereidoni, Mahsa
name: Khazaee, Parviz Rashidi
name: Shiva, Afshin
name: Makhdoomi, Khadijeh
name: Georgiou, Andrew
name: Pirnejad, Habibollah
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Information Systems

description: Additional file 4. Sample diagrams for individual drugs.
Multifunctional Agriculture: A Framework and Policy Design
Creators: name: Lankoski, Jussi E.
name: Ollikainen, Markku
name: Lankoski, Jussi E.
name: Ollikainen, Markku
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: biodiversity
subject: first-best instruments
subject: landscape mosaic
subject: multifunctional agriculture
subject: nutrient runoff
subject: Shannon diversity index
subject: species-area relationship

description: We study the multifunctional character of agriculture in a model of endogenous input use and land allocation augmented by biodiversity, landscape amenity, and nutrient runoff. While biodiversity and landscape amenities represent the public good aspects of agriculture, nutrient runoff represents its negative externalities. We show that the private use of fertilizer input is higher and the size of buffer strips lower than the socially optimal solution requires. Also the socially optimal land allocation differs from the private solution due to the valuation of landscape diversity and runoff damages. The optimal policy is to use a differentiated fertilizer tax and a differentiated buffer strip subsidy and to determine their levels by the equality between the net value of their marginal product in food production and their effects on the marginal valuation of diversity and runoff damage in each parcel. We characterize empirically socially optimal multifunctional agriculture and the optimal design of the policy instruments by using Finnish data.
One-loop f(R) gravity in de Sitter universe
Creators: name: Cognola, Guido
name: Elizalde, Emilio
name: Nojiri, Shin'ichi
name: Odintsov, Sergei D.
name: Zerbini, Sergio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by the dark energy issue, the one-loop quantization approach for a family of relativistic cosmological theories is discussed in some detail. Specifically, general $f(R)$ gravity at the one-loop level in a de Sitter universe is investigated, extending a similar program developed for the case of pure Einstein gravity. Using generalized zeta regularization, the one-loop effective action is explicitly obtained off-shell, what allows to study in detail the possibility of (de)stabilization of the de Sitter background by quantum effects. The one-loop effective action maybe useful also for the study of constant curvature black hole nucleation rate and it provides the plausible way of resolving the cosmological constant problem.
description: 25 pages, Latex file. Discussion enlarged, new references added. Version accepted in JCAP
TESTING SYMMETRY AND HOMOGENEITY IN THE AIDS WITH COINTEGRATED DATA USING FULLY-MODIFIED ESTIMATION AND THE BOOTSTRAP
Creators: name: Tiffin, J. Richard
name: Balcombe, Kelvin George
name: Tiffin, J. Richard
name: Balcombe, Kelvin George
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: AIDS
subject: cointegration
subject: fully modified estimation
subject: bootstrapping

description: Convential SUR estimation of the AIDS is shown to lead to small sample bias and distortions in the size of a Wald test for symmetry and homogeneity when the data are cointegrated. A fully-modified estimator is developed in an attempt to remedy these problems. It is shown that this estimator reduces the small sample bias but fails to eliminate the size distortion. Bootstrapping is shown to be ineffective as a method of removing small sample bias in both the conventional and fully modified estimators. Bootstrapping is effective however as a method of removing the size distortion and performs equally well in this respect with both estimators.
TECHNICAL CHANGE, MARKET INCENTIVES AND RURAL INCOMES: A CGE ANALYSIS OF UGANDA'S AGRICULTURE
Creators: name: Dorosh, Paul A.
name: El-Said, Moataz
name: Lofgren, Hans
name: Dorosh, Paul A.
name: El-Said, Moataz
name: Lofgren, Hans
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: International Development

description: In Uganda, as in much of sub-Saharan Africa, poverty is concentrated in rural areas. Because agriculture accounts for a large share of incomes for these households, policies and external shocks that affect agriculture, including shifts in world prices, changes in agricultural productivity, and reductions in marketing costs, may have significant effects on rural poverty. In this paper, we use a Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) model of the Ugandan economy, explicitly designed to capture regional variations in agricultural production and household incomes, to examine the implications of these policy changes and shocks. Simulation results suggest that a doubling of area planted to coffee (the government's target) would increase rural consumption by less than 2.0 percent, because of an estimated 10 percent decline in the world price of robusta coffee and an 11.3 percent real exchange rate appreciation of the Ugandan shilling. Smaller productivity increases in food crops may have greater potential to raise rural incomes, provided that markets perform well and producer incentives are maintained. A five percent increase in agricultural productivity raises consumption by 1.3 to 2.1 percent among rural households and lowers food prices by 3.4 to 3.8 percent relative to the CPI, thus benefiting households with high food consumption shares. Reducing agricultural marketing margins by 30 percent leads to increases of 2.3 to 4.1 percent in consumption of farm households, with the largest gains in regions where consumption out of own production is lower.
PRIME-AGE ADULT MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY IN RURAL RWANDA: WHICH HOUSEHOLDS ARE AFFECTED AND WHAT ARE THEIR STRATEGIES FOR ADJUSTMENT?
Creators: name: Donovan, Cynthia
name: Bailey, Linda
name: Mpyisi, Edson
name: Weber, Michael T.
name: Donovan, Cynthia
name: Bailey, Linda
name: Mpyisi, Edson
name: Weber, Michael T.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: adult morbidity
subject: adult mortality
subject: HIV/AIDS
subject: agricultural development
subject: Rwanda

description: In Rwanda for the past decade, rural households have lived with civil unrest and genocide, changing land laws, large population flows both into and out of the country, and climatic threats with droughts and floods. The illness and untimely death of prime age adults from a number of health problems (increasingly HIV/AIDS) adds to the stress of these households and has lasting effects on the ability of households to survive. In this research, the authors use household and member level survey data to increase understanding about what is happening in households with such shocks and how they may be different from other Rwandan rural households. This research finds that households affected by adult illness and death strive to maintain their agricultural production, and work to avoid selling assets, yet some households appear to be in a downward spiral, losing assets and income earning potential. They rely heavily on social networks for labor and skills, but clearly these networks will be stretched beyond their means in any continuing epidemics. Female-headed households in particular struggle to find labor with neighbors or work more themselves. If special programs are developed for the affected families, focusing on increasing land and labor productivity fits into their own strategies. Since households with prime age death and disease appear to be similar to other Rwandan households in the poorest two quintiles, such programs would be beneficial to rural households in general, and possibly strengthen social networks through generalized agricultural and income growth.
Tools for quantum simulation with ultracold atoms in optical lattices
Creators: name: Schäfer, Florian
name: Fukuhara, Takeshi
name: Sugawa, Seiji
name: Takasu, Yosuke
name: Takahashi, Yoshiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: After many years of development of the basic tools, quantum simulation with ultracold atoms has now reached the level of maturity where it can be used to investigate complex quantum processes. Planning of new experiments and upgrading existing set-ups depends crucially on a broad overview of the available techniques, their specific advantages and limitations. This Technical Review aims to provide a comprehensive compendium of the state of the art. We discuss the basic principles, the available techniques and their current range of applications. Focusing on the simulation of varied phenomena in solid-state physics using optical lattice experiments, we review their basics, the necessary techniques and the accessible physical parameters. We outline how to control and use interactions with external potentials and between the atoms, and how to design new synthetic gauge fields and spin-orbit coupling. We discuss the latest progress in site-resolved techniques using quantum gas microscopes, and describe the unique features of quantum simulation experiments with two-electron atomic species.
description: 28 pages, 7 figures, includes Supplementary Information
Additional file 3 of Translation of evidence into kidney transplant clinical practice: managing drug-lab interactions by a context-aware clinical decision support system
Creators: name: Niazkhani, Zahra
name: Fereidoni, Mahsa
name: Khazaee, Parviz Rashidi
name: Shiva, Afshin
name: Makhdoomi, Khadijeh
name: Georgiou, Andrew
name: Pirnejad, Habibollah
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Information Systems

description: Additional file 3. Sample diagrams for individual drugs.
Probing the properties of dense partonic matter at RHIC
Creators: name: Akiba, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The experimental highlights from PHENIX are summarized from the point of view of probing the properties of dense partonic matter produced at RHIC
description: 6 pages, 7 figures. Talk given at 18th International Conference on Ultra-Relativistic Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions (Quark Matter 2005), Budapest, Hungary,4-9 Aug. 2005
OPTIMAL ECONOMIC LENGTH OF LEYS: A DYNAMIC PROGRAMMING APPROACH
Creators: name: Hegrenes, Agnar
name: Kristensen, Anders Ringgaard
name: Lien, Gudbrand D.
name: Hegrenes, Agnar
name: Kristensen, Anders Ringgaard
name: Lien, Gudbrand D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: A model is presented to investigate the optimal economic life cycle of grass leys with winter damage problems in northern Norway and to determine the threshold of winter damage before it is profitable to re-seed. A two-level hierarchic Markov process has been constructed using the MLHMP software. The model takes uncertainty concerning yield potential, damage estimation and weather dependent random fluctuations into account. A Kalman filter technique is used for updating of knowledge on yield potential and damage level. The application of the model is demonstrated using data from two commercial Norwegian farms. Since parameter estimates vary considerably among farms, it is concluded that decision support concerning optimal economic life cycle of grass leys should be done at farm level. The results also show the importance of using a flexible dynamic replacement strategy. Use of the model for a specific farm situation is illustrated.
Remarkable band gap renormalization via dimensionality of the layered material C3B
Creators: name: Wu, Yabei
name: Xia, Weiyi
name: Zhang, Yubo
name: Zhu, Wenguang
name: Zhang, Wenqing
name: Zhang, Peihong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Layer-dependent electronic and structural properties of emerging graphitic carbon boron compound C3B are investigated using both density functional theory and the GW approximation. We discover that, in contrast to a moderate quasiparticle band gap of 2.55 eV for monolayer C3B, the calculated quasiparticle band gap of perfectly stacked bulk phase C3B is as small as 0.17 eV. Therefore, our results suggest that layered material C3B exhibits a remarkably large band gap renormalization of over 2.3 eV due to the interlayer coupling and screening effects, providing a single material with an extraordinary band gap tunability. The quasiparticle band gap of monolayer C3B is also over 1.0 eV larger than that of C3N, a closely related two-dimensional semiconductor. Detailed inspections of the near-edge electronic states reveal that the conduction and valence band edges of C3B are formed by out-of-plane and in-plane electronic states, respectively, suggesting an interesting possibility of tuning the band edges of such layered material separately by modulating the in-plane and out-of-plane interactions.
description: 16 pages, 10 figures