cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Decompositions of suspensions of spaces involving polyhedral products
Creators: name: Iriye, Kouyemon
name: Kishimoto, Daisuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Two homotopy decompositions of supensions of spaces involving polyhedral products are given. The first decomposition is motivated by the decomposition of suspensions of polyhedral products by Bahri, Bendersky, Cohen, and Gitler, and is a generalization of the retractile argument of James. The second decomposition is on the union of an arrangement of subspaces called diagonal subspaces, and generalizes the result of Labbasi.
description: The result of arXiv:1403.7864 is included. Examples in section 3 are added. accepted by AGT
Rethinking Referral Systems in Rural Chiapas: A Mixed-Methods Study
Creators: name: Pavlis, William
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Health Services Research
subject: Public Health
subject: Surgery
subject: International Public Health
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Medical Specialties

description: The purpose of this mixed methods study was to determine the effectiveness of the surgical referral system and evaluate what barriers exist for surgery patients in the referral system at hospitals operated by the Ministry of Health in Chiapas, Mexico.
(1747) Joseph Williams
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
(1748) Anne Rhodes Williams Brown
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Regulation of the Epithelial Sodium Channel by Serine Proteases in Human Airways
Creators: name: Boucher, Richard C.
name: Holloway, Ginger
name: Gabriel, Sherif E.
name: Hirsh, Andrew
name: Chao, Julie
name: Li, Dong Chen
name: Donaldson, Scott H.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2002

description: The epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) constitutes the rate-limiting step for sodium absorption across airway epithelia, which in turn regulates airway surface liquid (ASL) volume and the efficiency of mucociliary clearance. This role in ASL volume regulation suggests that ENaC activity is influenced by local factors rather than systemic signals indicative of total body volume homeostasis. Based on reports that ENaC may be regulated by extracellular serine protease activity in Xenopus and mouse renal epithelia, we sought to identify proteases that serve similar functions in human airway epithelia. Homology screening of a human airway epithelial cDNA library identified two trypsin-like serine proteases (prostasin and TMPRSS2) that, as revealed by in situ hybridization, are expressed in airway epithelia. Functional studies in the Xenopus oocyte expression system demonstrated that prostasin increased ENaC currents 60--80%, whereas TMPRSS2 markedly decreased ENaC currents and protein levels. Studies of primary nasal epithelial cultures in Ussing chambers revealed that inhibition of endogenous serine protease activity with aprotinin markedly decreased ENaC-mediated currents and sensitized the epithelia to subsequent channel activation by exogenous trypsin. These data, therefore, suggest that protease-mediated regulation of sodium absorption is a function of human airway epithelia, and prostasin is a likely candidate for this activity.
Parity-violating CMB correlators with non-decaying statistical anisotropy
Creators: name: Bartolo, Nicola
name: Matarrese, Sabino
name: Peloso, Marco
name: Shiraishi, Maresuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the cosmological correlators induced by the simultaneous breaking of parity and of statistical isotropy, e.g., in presence of the coupling ${\cal L} = f(ϕ) ( - \frac{1}{4} F^2 + \fracγ{4} F \tilde{F} )$ between the inflaton $ϕ$ and a vector field with vacuum expectation value ${\bf A}$. For a suitably chosen function $f$, the energy in the vector field $ρ_{\rm A}$ does not decay during inflation. This results in nearly scale-invariant signatures of broken statistical isotropy and parity. Specifically, we find that the scalar-scalar correlator of primordial curvature perturbations includes a quadrupolar anisotropy, $P_ζ( {\bf k}) = P(k)[ 1 + g_* ( \hat{\bf k} \cdot \hat{\bf A})^2]$, and a (angle-averaged) scalar bispectrum that is a linear combination of the first $3$ Legendre polynomials, $B_ζ(k_1, k_2, k_3) = \sum_L c_L P_L (\hat{\bf k}_1 \cdot \hat{\bf k}_2) P(k_1) P(k_2) + 2~{\rm perms} $, with $c_0 : c_1 : c_2 = 2 : -3 : 1$ ($c_1 \neq 0$ is a consequence of parity violation, corresponding to the constant $γ\neq 0$). The latter is one of the main results of this paper, which provides for the first time a clear example of an inflationary model where a non-negligible $c_1$ contribution to the bispectrum is generated. The scalar-tensor and tensor-tensor correlators induce characteristic signatures in the Cosmic Microwave Background temperature anisotropies (T) and polarization (E/B modes); namely, non-diagonal contributions to $\langle a_{\ell_1 m_1} a_{\ell_2 m_2}^* \rangle$, with $|\ell_1 - \ell_2| = 1$ in TT, TE, EE and BB, and $|\ell_1 - \ell_2| = 2$ in TB and EB. The latest CMB bounds on the scalar observables ($g_*$, $c_0$, $c_1$ and $c_2$), translate into the upper limit $ρ_{\rm A} / ρ_ϕ\lesssim 10^{-9}$ at $γ=0$. We find that the upper limit on the vector energy density becomes much more stringent as $γ$ grows.
description: 23 pages, 2 figures. Abstract abridged. Accepted for publication in JCAP
Regulation of Vasodilator-stimulated Phosphoprotein Phosphorylation and Interaction with Abl by Protein Kinase A and Cell Adhesion
Creators: name: Howe, Alan K.
name: Juliano, R. L.
name: Hogan, Brian P.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2002

description: Members of the vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP) family are important regulators of actin cytoskeletal dynamics whose functions and protein-protein interactions are regulated by phosphorylation by the cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA). Herein, we show that phosphorylation of VASP is dynamically regulated by cellular adhesion to extracellular matrix. Detachment of cells stimulated PKA activity and induced PKA-dependent phosphorylation of VASP and the related murine-Enabled (Mena) protein. VASP and Mena were rapidly dephosphorylated immediately following reattachment but showed an intermediate level of phosphorylation during active cell spreading. This pattern correlated closely with adhesion-dependent changes in PKA activity. The in vivo interaction of VASP with the Abl tyrosine kinase, shown here for the first time, was readily apparent in adherent cells, lost following cellular detachment, and induced upon reattachment to matrix. Importantly, inhibition of PKA activity prevented phosphorylation of VASP and dissociation of VASP-Abl complexes after cellular detachment, whereas activation of PKA completely eliminated the co-immunoprecipitation of Abl activity with VASP. These data establish a new biochemical link between cell adhesion and regulation of VASP proteins and provide the first demonstration of a regulated interaction between VASP and Abl in mammalian cells.
(1749) James Scarlett
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Relationships between Rap1b, Affinity Modulation of Integrin α IIb β 3 , and the Actin Cytoskeleton
Creators: name: White, Gilbert C.
name: Shattil, Sanford J.
name: Tadokoro, Seiji
name: Bertoni, Alessandra
name: Eto, Koji
name: Pampori, Nisar
name: Parise, Leslie V.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2002

description: The affinity of integrin alpha(IIb)beta(3) for fibrinogen is controlled by inside-out signals that are triggered by agonists like thrombin. Agonist treatment of platelets also activates Rap1b, a small GTPase known to promote integrin-dependent adhesion of other cells. Therefore, we investigated the role of Rap1b in alpha(IIb)beta(3) function by viral transduction of GFP-Rap1 chimeras into murine megakaryocytes, which exhibit inside-out signaling similar to platelets. Expression of constitutively active GFP-Rap1b (V12) had no effect on unstimulated megakaryocytes, but it greatly augmented fibrinogen binding to alpha(IIb)beta(3) induced by a PAR4 thrombin receptor agonist (p < 0.01). The Rap1b effect was cell-autonomous and was prevented by pre-treating cells with cytochalasin D or latrunculin A to inhibit actin polymerization. Rap1b-dependent fibrinogen binding to megakaryocytes was blocked by POW-2, a novel monovalent antibody Fab fragment specific for high affinity murine alpha(IIb)beta(3). In contrast to GFP-Rap1b (V12), expression of GFP-Rap1GAP, which deactivates endogenous Rap1, inhibited agonist-induced fibrinogen binding (p < 0.01), as did dominant-negative GFP-Rap1b (N17) (p < 0.05). None of these treatments affected surface expression of alpha(IIb)beta(3). These studies establish that Rap1b can augment agonist-induced ligand binding to alpha(IIb)beta(3) through effects on integrin affinity, possibly by modulating alpha(IIb)beta(3) interactions with the actin cytoskeleton.
Vansynghel_Ocampo_etal_Proceedings_rev_ESM.docx from Quantifying services and disservices provided by insects and vertebrates in cacao agroforestry landscapes
Creators: name: Vansynghel, Justine
name: Ocampo-Ariza, Carolina
name: Maas, Bea
name: Martin, Emily A.
name: Thomas, Evert
name: Hanf-Dressler, Tara
name: Schumacher, Nils-Christian
name: Ulloque-Samatelo, Carlos
name: Yovera, Fredy F.
name: Tscharntke, Teja
name: Steffan-Dewenter, Ingolf
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Animals provide services such as pollination and pest control in cacao agroforestry systems, but also disservices. Yet, their combined contributions to crop yield and fruit loss are mostly unclear. In a full-factorial field experiment in northwestern Peru, we excluded flying insects, ants, birds and bats from cacao trees and assessed several productivity indicators. We quantified the contribution of each group to fruit set, fruit loss and marketable yield and evaluated how forest distance and canopy closure affected productivity. Fruit set dropped (from 1.7% to 0.3%) when flying insects were excluded and tripled at intermediate (40%) compared to high (greater than 80%) canopy cover in the non-exclusion treatment. Fruit set also dropped with bird and bat exclusion, potentially due to increased abundances of arthropods preying on pollinators or flower herbivores. Overall, cacao yields more than doubled when birds and bats had access to trees. Ants were generally associated with fruit loss, but also with yield increases in agroforests close to forest. We also evidenced disservices generated by squirrels, leading to significant fruit losses. Our findings show that several functional groups contribute to high cacao yield, while trade-offs between services and disservices need to be integrated in local and landscape-scale sustainable management of cacao agroforestry.
Worked example and supplementary figures from Quantitative characterization of iridescent colours in biological studies: a novel method using optical theory
Creators: name: Gruson, Hugo
name: Andraud, Christine
name: WillyDaney DeMarcillac
name: Berthier, Serge
name: Elias, Marianne
name: Gomez, Doris
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Environmental Science
subject: 90301 Biomaterials
subject: FOS: Medical engineering

description: Detailed walkthrough of the method presented in the article on a worked example and multiple supplementary figures that show the variation ranges and correlations of the variables, as well as some numerical illustration of the approximations used in the article.
RhoG Signals in Parallel with Rac1 and Cdc42
Creators: name: Karnoub, Antoine E.
name: Der, Channing J.
name: Ellerbroek, Shawn M.
name: Burridge, Keith
name: Liu, Rong Yu
name: Wennerberg, Krister
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2002

description: RhoG is a member of the Rho family of small GTPases and shares high sequence identity with Rac1 and Cdc42. Previous studies suggested that RhoG mediates its effects through activation of Rac1 and Cdc42. To further understand the mechanism of RhoG signaling, we studied its potential activation pathways, downstream signaling properties, and functional relationship to Rac1 and Cdc42 in vivo. First, we determined that RhoG was regulated by guanine nucleotide exchange factors that also activate Rac and/or Cdc42. Vav2 (which activates RhoA, Rac1, and Cdc42) and to a lesser degree Dbs (which activates RhoA and Cdc42) activated RhoG in vitro. Thus, RhoG may be activated concurrently with Rac1 and Cdc42. Second, some effectors of Rac/Cdc42 (IQGAP2, MLK-3, PLD1), but not others (e.g. PAKs, POSH, WASP, Par-6, IRSp53), interacted with RhoG in a GTP-dependent manner. Third, consistent with this differential interaction with effectors, activated RhoG stimulated some (JNK and Akt) but not other (SRF and NF-kappaB) downstream signaling targets of activated Rac1 and Cdc42. Finally, transient transduction of a tat-tagged Rac1(17N) dominant-negative fusion protein inhibited the induction of lamellipodia by the Rac-specific activator, Tiam1, but not by activated RhoG. Together, these data argue that RhoG function is mediated by signals independent of Rac1 and Cdc42 activation and instead by direct utilization of a subset of common effectors.
Methods and Figures from Contrasting evolutionary history, anthropogenic declines and genetic contact in the northern and southern white rhinoceros (Ceratotherium simum)
Creators: name: Yoshan Moodley
name: Isa-Rita M. Russo
name: Robovský, Jan
name: Desiré L. Dalton
name: Kotzé, Antoinette
name: Smith, Steve
name: Stejskal, Jan
name: Ryder, Oliver A.
name: Hermes, Robert
name: Walzer, Chris
name: Bruford, Michael W.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology

description: MS Word file of supplementary methods and figures.
Influence from cosmological uncertainties on galaxy number count at faint limit
Creators: name: Shen, K. J.
name: Zhang, Q.
name: Meng, Xin-he
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Counting galaxy number density with wide range sky surveys has been well adopted in researches focusing on revealing evolution pattern of different types of galaxies. As understood intuitively the astrophysics environment physics is intimated affected by cosmology priors with theoretical estimation or vise versa, or simply stating that the astrophysics effect couples the corresponding cosmology observations or the way backwards. In this article we try to quantify the influence on galaxy number density prediction at faint luminosity limit from the uncertainties in cosmology, and how much the uncertainties blur the detection of galaxy evolution, with the hope that this trying may indeed help for precise and physical cosmology study in near future or vise versa
description: 4 pages, 2 figures
(1744) James Williams Scarlett
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Role of AP-1 in the Coordinate Induction of Rat Glutamate-cysteine Ligase and Glutathione Synthetase by tert -Butylhydroquinone
Creators: name: Zeng, Ying
name: Rippe, Richard
name: Yang, Heping
name: Haque, Masudul
name: Ou, Xiaopeng
name: Lee, Taunia D.
name: Yang,
name: Lu, Shelly C.
name: Chen, Lixin
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2002

description: GSH synthesis occurs via two enzymatic steps catalyzed by glutamate-cysteine ligase (GCL, made up of two subunits) and GSH synthetase (GS). Recently, we described coordinate induction of GCL subunits and GS. To study GS transcriptional regulation, we have cloned and characterized a 2.2-kb 5'-flanking region of the rat GS (GenBank accession number AF333982). One transcriptional start site is located at 51 nucleotides upstream of the translational start site. The rat GS promoter drove efficiently luciferase expression in H4IIE cells. Sequential deletion analysis revealed DNA regions that are involved in positive and negative regulation. One repressor identified was NF1. tert-Butylhydroquinone (TBH) exerted a dose- and time-dependent increase in the mRNA level and promoter activity of both GCL subunits and GS. TBH increased protein binding to several regions of the GS promoter, c-jun expression, and activator protein 1 (AP-1) binding activity to several of the putative AP-1-binding sites of the GS promoter. Blocking AP-1 binding with dominant-negative c-jun led to decreased basal expression and significantly blocked the TBH-induced increase in promoter activity and mRNA level of all three genes. In conclusion, AP-1 is required for basal expression of GCL and GS; while NF1 serves as a repressor of GS, increased AP-1 transactivation is the predominant mechanism for coordinate induction of GCL and GS expression by TBH.
Characterizing driving behavior using automatic visual analysis
Creators: name: Haloi, Mrinal
name: Jayagopi, Dinesh Babu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: H.4.3

description: In this work, we present the problem of rash driving detection algorithm using a single wide angle camera sensor, particularly useful in the Indian context. To our knowledge this rash driving problem has not been addressed using Image processing techniques (existing works use other sensors such as accelerometer). Car Image processing literature, though rich and mature, does not address the rash driving problem. In this work-in-progress paper, we present the need to address this problem, our approach and our future plans to build a rash driving detector.
description: 4 pages,7 figures, IBM-ICARE2014
Quantum hydrodynamics for plasmas -- a Thomas-Fermi theory perspective
Creators: name: Michta, D.
name: Graziani, F.
name: Bonitz, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The idea to describe quantum systems within a hydrodynamic framework (quantum hydrodynamics, QHD) goes back to Madelung and Bohm. While such a description is formally exact for a single particle, more recently the concept has been applied to many-particle systems by Manfredi and Haas [Phys. Rev. B {\bf 64}, 075316 (2001)] and received high popularity in parts of the quantum plasma community. Thereby, often the applicability limits of these equations are ignored, giving rise to unphysical predictions. Here we demonstrate that modified QHD equations for plasmas can be derived from Thomas-Fermi theory including gradient corrections. This puts QHD on firm grounds. At the same time this derivation yields a different prefactor, $γ=(D-2/3D)$, in front of the quantum (Bohm) potential which depends on the system dimensionality $D$. Our approach allows one to identify the limitations of QHD and to outline systematic improvements.
Figures S1 and S2 from Elements of time and place: manganese and barium in shark vertebrae reflect age and upwelling histories.
Creators: name: Mohan, John A.
name: Miller, Nathan R.
name: Herzka, Sharon Z.
name: Sosa-Nishizaki, Oscar
name: Kohin, Suzanne
name: Dewar, Heidi
name: Kinney, Michael
name: Owyn Snodgrass
name: R. J. David Wells
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: As upper-level predators, sharks are important for maintaining marine food web structure, but populations are threatened by fishery exploitation. Sustainable management of shark populations requires improved understanding of migration patterns and population demographics, which has traditionally been sought through physical and/or electronic tagging studies. The application of natural tags such as elemental variations in mineralized band pairs of elasmobranch vertebrae cartilage could also reveal endogenous and exogenous processes experienced by sharks throughout their life histories. Here, elemental profiles were characterized in vertebrae encompassing complete life histories (birth-to-death) of shortfin mako (Isurus oxyrinchus), common thresher (Alopias vulpinus) and blue shark (Prionace glauca) of known tag and recapture locations in the eastern North Pacific Ocean. All sharks were injected with oxytetracycline at initial capture, released and subsequently recaptured, with individual liberty times ranging from 215 days to 6 years. Vertebral band pairs forming over the liberty intervals were verified by counting the number of band pairs deposited since the oxytetracycline band. Regular oscillations in vertebrae manganese (Mn) content corresponded well with the number of validated band pairs, suggesting that Mn variation could be used to age sharks. Increases in vertebrae barium concentration were correlated with times when individuals occupied areas with high coastal upwelling indices, the timing and spatial intensity of which varied from year to year. Interspecific relationships were probably influenced by behavioural differences in horizontal and vertical habitat use, feeding habits and thermoregulatory physiology. These results indicate that vertebral sclerochronology has the potential to advance our knowledge of elasmobranch life history including age and growth estimation and environmental reconstruction.
EOSC-Pillar D5.5 - Service architecture providing fast access to the concepts held within semantic artifacts
Creators: name: Domínguez, José Manuel
name: Huschle, Tobias
name: Toulemonde, Baptiste
name: Claude, Alexandre
name: Sarramia, David
name: Todor, Alexandru
name: Lombardo, Francesco
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: This document provides a summary of the outputs of and the activities carried out in EOSC-Pillar’s Task 5.5. The service architecture implemented in the task features a search engine that provides fast access to the concepts held within the semantic artifacts that are deemed valuable by the EOSC-Pillar use cases, thus improving their FAIRness. Furthermore, it was integrated within the F2DS, developed in Task 5.1, to support a workflow enabling the annotation of datasets published by the community with concepts from said semantic artifacts.
Closed tachyon solitons in type II string theory
Creators: name: García-Etxebarria, Iñaki
name: Montero, Miguel
name: Uranga, Angel M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Type II theories can be described as the endpoint of closed string tachyon condensation in certain orbifolds of supercritical type 0 theories. In this paper, we study solitons of this closed string tachyon and analyze the nature of the resulting defects in critical type II theories. The solitons are classified by the real K-theory groups KO of bundles associated to pairs of supercritical dimensions. For real codimension 4 and 8, corresponding to $KO({\bf S}^4)={\bf Z}$ and $KO({\bf S}^8)={\bf Z}$, the defects correspond to a gravitational instanton and a fundamental string, respectively. We apply these ideas to reinterpret the worldsheet GLSM, regarded as a supercritical theory on the ambient toric space with closed tachyon condensation onto the CY hypersurface, and use it to describe charged solitons under discrete isometries. We also suggest the possible applications of supercritical strings to the physical interpretation of the matrix factorization description of F-theory on singular spaces.
description: 35 pages+appendices v2: Corrected misprints & updated references; details added to appendix B
Role of MAP Kinases in the 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D 3 -induced Transactivation of the Rat Cytochrome P450C24 (CYP24) Promoter: SPECIFIC FUNCTIONS FOR ERK1/ERK2 AND ERK5
Creators: name: Ferrante, Antonio
name: Dwivedi, Prem P.
name: Der, Channing J.
name: Tan, Joseph
name: May, Brian K.
name: Omdahl, John L.
name: Morris, Howard A.
name: Hii, Charles S.T.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2002

description: The current study investigated the action of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) (1,25D) at the genomic and signal transduction levels to induce rat cytochrome P450C24 (CYP24) gene expression. A rat CYP24 promoter containing two vitamin D response elements and an Ets-1 binding site was used to characterize the mechanism of actions for the 1,25D secosteroid hormone. The Ets-1 binding site was determined to function cooperatively with the most proximal vitamin D response element in a hormone-dependent fashion. Evidence was obtained for distinct roles of ERK1/ERK2 and ERK5 in the 1,25D-inductive actions. Specifically, 1,25D stimulated the activities of ERK1/ERK2 and ERK5 in a Ras-dependent manner. Promoter induction was inhibited by mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase inhibitors (PD98059 and U0126) and a dominant-negative Ras mutant (Ras17N). Induction of CYP24 by 1,25D was also inhibited by overexpression of dominant-negative mutants of ERK1 and MEK5 (ERK1K71R and MEK5(A)). The p38 and JNK MAP kinases were not required for the action of 1,25D. 9-cis retinoid X receptor alpha (RXR alpha) interacted with ERK2 but not ERK5 in intact cells, whereas Ets-1 interacted preferentially with ERK5. Increased phosphorylation of RXR alpha and Ets-1 was detected in response to 1,25D. Activated ERK2 and ERK5 specifically phosphorylated RXR alpha and Ets-1, respectively. Mutagenesis of Ets-1 (T38A) reduced CYP24 promoter activity to levels observed with the dominant-negative MEK5(A) and inhibited ERK5-directed phosphorylation. Mutated RXR alpha (S260A) inhibited 1,25D-induced CYP24 promoter activity and abolished phosphorylation by activated ERK2. The 1,25D-inductive action through ERK5 involved Ets-1 phosphorylation at threonine 38, whereas hormone stimulation of ERK1/ERK2 required RXR alpha phosphorylation on serine 260. The ERK1/ERK2 and ERK5 modules provide a novel mechanism for linking the rapid signal transduction and slower transcription actions of 1,25D to induce CYP24 gene expression.
Figures S1 and S2 from Elements of time and place: manganese and barium in shark vertebrae reflect age and upwelling histories
Creators: name: Mohan, John A.
name: Miller, Nathan R.
name: Herzka, Sharon Z.
name: Sosa-Nishizaki, Oscar
name: Kohin, Suzanne
name: Dewar, Heidi
name: Kinney, Michael
name: Owyn Snodgrass
name: R. J. David Wells
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: As upper-level predators, sharks are important for maintaining marine food web structure, but populations are threatened by fishery exploitation. Sustainable management of shark populations requires improved understanding of migration patterns and population demographics, which has traditionally been sought through physical and/or electronic tagging studies. The application of natural tags such as elemental variations in mineralized band pairs of elasmobranch vertebrae cartilage could also reveal endogenous and exogenous processes experienced by sharks throughout their life histories. Here, elemental profiles were characterized in vertebrae encompassing complete life histories (birth-to-death) of shortfin mako (Isurus oxyrinchus), common thresher (Alopias vulpinus) and blue shark (Prionace glauca) of known tag and recapture locations in the eastern North Pacific Ocean. All sharks were injected with oxytetracycline at initial capture, released and subsequently recaptured, with individual liberty times ranging from 215 days to 6 years. Vertebral band pairs forming over the liberty intervals were verified by counting the number of band pairs deposited since the oxytetracycline band. Regular oscillations in vertebrae manganese (Mn) content corresponded well with the number of validated band pairs, suggesting that Mn variation could be used to age sharks. Increases in vertebrae barium concentration were correlated with times when individuals occupied areas with high coastal upwelling indices, the timing and spatial intensity of which varied from year to year. Interspecific relationships were likely influenced by behavioural differences in horizontal and vertical habitat use, feeding habits and thermoregulatory physiology. These results indicate that vertebral sclerochronology has the potential to advance our knowledge of elasmobranch life history including age and growth estimation and environmental reconstruction.
(1742) William Shaw (the younger)
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Theory of the Antibubble Collapse
Creators: name: Sob'yanin, Denis Nikolaevich
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A theory of the collapse of a punctured antibubble is developed. The motion of the rim of air formed at the edge of the collapsing air film cannot be described by a potential flow and is characterized by high Reynolds numbers. The rim velocity is not constant but gradually decreases with time and is determined by the balance between the surface tension and hydrodynamic drag forces. A collapse equation is derived and solved. The agreement between the theory and existing experiments is shown.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Src-dependent Phosphorylation of the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor on Tyrosine 845 Is Required for Zinc-induced Ras Activation
Creators: name: Wu, Weidong
name: Graves, Lee M.
name: Parsons, Sarah J.
name: Gill, Gordon N.
name: Samet, James M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2002

description: Previous studies have shown that exposure of cells to Zn2+ ions induces Ras and MAPK activation through the EGF receptor (EGFR). To further determine the role of EGFR in Zn2+-induced signaling, mouse B82L fibroblasts expressing no detectable EGFR protein (B82L-par), wild type EGFR (B82L-wt), kinase-deficient EGFR (B82L-K721M), or COOH-truncated EGFR (B82L-c'958) were tested. Exposure to Zn2+ induced Ras activity in B82L-wt, B82L-K721M, and B82L-c'958 but not in B82L-par cells, indicating that the tyrosine kinase domain and the auto-phosphorylation sites of the EGFR were not required for Zn2+-induced Ras activation. Zn2+ induced Src activation in all B82L cell lines, including B82L-par, indicating that Src activation is independent of the presence of the EGFR. A Src kinase inhibitor blocked Zn2+-induced Ras activation in all the B82L cell lines capable of this response, suggesting the involvement of Src kinase in Zn2+-induced Ras activation via the EGFR. Zn2+ induced the association of the EGFR with Src and specifically increased the phosphorylation of EGFR at tyrosine 845 (Tyr-845), a known Src phosphorylation site. Stably transfected B82L cells with a point mutation of the EGFR at Tyr-845 (B82L-Y845F) exhibited only basal Ras activity following exposure to Zn2+. These data demonstrate that Src-dependent phosphorylation of the EGFR at Tyr-845 is required for EGFR transactivation and Zn2+-induced Ras activation.
title: Systemtheorie und Optimale Regelung - Teil 2: Steuerbarkeit
Creators: name: Beyki, Mohammad
name: Kutzner, Rüdiger
name: Lindemann, Ulrich
Publisher: name: Hochschule Hannover
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 621.3 Elektrotechnik, Elektronik

description: Es werden drei Methoden zur Steuerbarkeit gezeigt - Kalman, Hautus, Gilbert. Zusätzlich dienen Beispiele zur Verdeutlichung.
The role of sterols in mediating the effects of dietary restriction in D. melanogaster females
Creators: name: ZANCO, BROOKE
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary biology not elsewhere classified
subject: Animal diet and nutrition
subject: Reproduction
subject: FOS: Medical biotechnology
subject: Life histories

description: This thesis examines the effects of an essential micronutrient – a fat-like molecule called cholesterol – in mediating the beneficial effects of a low protein diet on fruit fly lifespan. It shows that low protein diets extend lifespan by inhibiting reproductive output, this rescues flies from committing limited cholesterol reserves towards reproduction. In turn, if high protein diets are supplemented with cholesterol, both lifespan and reproduction can be maximised simultaneously. These findings help us to better understand how changes in diet influence lifespan.
(1743) James Edward Willans
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
An algebraic approach to temporal network analysis based on temporal quantities
Creators: name: Batagelj, Vladimir
name: Praprotnik, Selena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 91D30, 16Y60, 90B10, 68R10, 93C55

description: In a temporal network, the presence and activity of nodes and links can change through time. To describe temporal networks we introduce the notion of temporal quantities. We define the addition and multiplication of temporal quantities in a way that can be used for the definition of addition and multiplication of temporal networks. The corresponding algebraic structures are semirings. The usual approach to (data) analysis of temporal networks is to transform it into a sequence of time slices -- static networks corresponding to selected time intervals and analyze each of them using standard methods to produce a sequence of results. The approach proposed in this paper enables us to compute these results directly. We developed fast algorithms for the proposed operations. They are available as an open source Python library TQ (Temporal Quantities) and a program Ianus. The proposed approach enables us to treat as temporal quantities also other network characteristics such as degrees, connectivity components, centrality measures, Pathfinder skeleton, etc. To illustrate the developed tools we present some results from the analysis of Franzosi's violence network and Corman's Reuters terror news network.
description: The paper is based on our talks presented at the 1st European Conference on Social Networks, Barcelona (UAB), July 1-4, 2014
Staring, a Novel E3 Ubiquitin-Protein Ligase That Targets Syntaxin 1 for Degradation
Creators: name: Chin, Lih Shen
name: Vavalle, John P.
name: Li, An
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2002

description: Syntaxin 1 is an essential component of the neurotransmitter release machinery, and regulation of syntaxin 1 expression levels is thought to contribute to the mechanism underlying learning and memory. However, the molecular events that control the degradation of syntaxin 1 remain undefined. Here we report the identification and characterization of a novel RING finger protein, Staring, that interacts with syntaxin 1. Staring is expressed throughout the brain, where it exists in both cytosolic and membrane-associated pools. Staring binds and recruits the brain-enriched E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme UbcH8 to syntaxin 1 and facilitates the ubiquitination and proteasome-dependent degradation of syntaxin 1. These findings suggest that Staring is a novel E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that targets syntaxin 1 for degradation by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway.
(1745) William Anglin Scarlett
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Hypotheses on the energetic cost of a weapon from The hidden cost of sexually selected traits: the metabolic expense of maintaining a sexually selected weapon.
Creators: name: Ummat Somjee
name: H. Arthur Woods
name: Duell, Meghan
name: Miller, Christine W.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: Figure S3: We suggest 4 hypotheses on the metabolic cost of a weapon as size increases. 1) Isometry - metabolic cost of weapon scales in direct proportion to mass (slope =1) 2) Typical allometry - that the metabolic cost of the weapon decreases consistent with the general scaling of metabolic rate and body size (slope =0.75). 3) Cost minimization – the cost of weapons decrease (more than typically) for larger weapons. 4) Expensive weapons – that the metabolic cost of weapons increases with the size of a weapon.
Influence of the Fermi Surface Morphology on the Magnetic Field-Driven Vortex Lattice Structure Transitions in YBa$_{2}$Cu$_{3}$O$_{7-δ}:δ=$0, 0.15
Creators: name: Leos, Nikola Galvan
name: White, Jonathan S.
name: Lim, Joshua A.
name: Gavilano, Jorge L.
name: Delley, Bernard
name: Lemberger, Louis
name: Holmes, Alexander T.
name: Medarde, Marisa
name: Loew, Toshinao
name: Hinkov, Vladimir
name: Lin, Chengtian
name: Laver, Mark
name: Dewhurst, Charles D.
name: Forgan, Edward M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report small-angle neutron scattering measurements of the vortex lattice (VL) structure in single crystals of the lightly underdoped cuprate superconductor YBa2Cu3O6.85. At 2 K, and for fields of up to 16 T applied parallel to the crystal c-axis, we observe a sequence of field-driven and first-order transitions between different VL structures. By rotating the field away from the c-axis, we observe each structure transition to shift to either higher or lower field dependent on whether the field is rotated towards the [100] or [010] direction. We use this latter observation to argue that the Fermi surface morphology must play a key role in the mechanisms that drive the VL structure transitions. Furthermore, we show this interpretation is compatible with analogous results obtained previously on lightly overdoped YBa2Cu3O7. In that material, it has long-been suggested that the high field VL structure transition is driven by the nodal gap anisotropy. In contrast, the results and discussion presented here bring into question the role, if any, of a nodal gap anisotropy on the VL structure transitions in both YBa2Cu3O6.85 and YBa2Cu3O7.
Sticky DNA, a Long GAA·GAA·TTC Triplex That Is Formed Intramolecularly, in the Sequence of Intron 1 of the Frataxin Gene
Creators: name: Napierala, Marek
name: Vetcher, Alexandre A.
name: Iyer, Ravi R.
name: Griffith, Jack D.
name: Chastain, Paul D.
name: Wells, Robert D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2002

description: Friedreich's ataxia is caused by the massive expansion of GAA.TTC repeats in intron 1 of the frataxin (X25) gene. Our prior investigations showed that long GAA.TTC repeats formed very stable triplex structures which caused two repeat tracts to adhere to each other (sticky DNA). This process was dependent on negative supercoiling and the presence of divalent metal ions. Herein, we have investigated the formation of sticky DNA from plasmid monomers and dimers; sticky DNA is formed only when two tracts of sufficiently long (GAA.TTC)(n) (n = 59-270) are present in a single plasmid DNA and are in the direct repeat orientation. If the inserts are in the indirect (inverted) repeat orientation, no sticky DNA was observed. Furthermore, kinetic studies support the intramolecular nature of sticky DNA formation. Electron microscopy investigations also provide strong data for sticky DNA as a single long triplex. Hence, these results give new insights into our understanding of the capacity of sticky DNA to inhibit transcription and thereby reduce the level of frataxin protein as related to the etiology of Friedreich's ataxia.
(1739) Thomas Alexander Robinson
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Lithium-ion battery explosion aerosols: Morphology and elemental composition
Creators: name: Barone, Teresa L.
name: Dubaniewicz, Thomas H.
name: Friend, Sherri A.
name: Zlochower, Isaac A.
name: Bugarski, Aleksandar D.
name: Rayyan, Naseem S.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 20199 Astronomical and Space Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Aerosols emitted by the explosion of lithium-ion batteries were characterized to assess potential exposures. The explosions were initiated by activating thermal runaway in three commercial batteries: (1) lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxide (NMC), (2) lithium iron phosphate (LFP), and (3) lithium titanate oxide (LTO). Post-explosion aerosols were collected on anodisc filters and analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The SEM and EDS analyses showed that aerosol morphologies and compositions were comparable to individual grains within the original battery materials for the NMC cell, which points to the fracture and ejection of the original battery components during the explosion. In contrast, the LFP cell emitted carbonaceous cenospheres, which suggests aerosol formation by the decomposition of organics within molten microspheres. LTO explosion aerosols showed characteristics of both types of emissions. The abundance of elements from the anode, cathode, and separator in respirable aerosols underscored the need for the selection of low-toxicity battery materials due to potential exposures in the event of battery thermal runaway.