Salina maculiflora Oliveira & Cipola, 2016, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Oliveira, Fábio Gonçalves de Lima
name: Cipola, Nikolas Gioia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Collembola
Entomobryomorpha
Paronellidae
Salina
Salina maculiflora

description: Salina maculiflora sp. nov.    
See Figs. 1–27.  
 Diagnosis. Distinguished by flower-shaped blue spots on Th. III to Abd. IV; dorsal head with chaeta A5; Ant. I dorsally with 4 mac.; basomedian field with two ciliated chaetae (M2 and E); Th. II to Abd. II respectively with 1 (p2), 4 (p1-3, p5), 2 (m3-4) and 3 (m3, m3e, m5) central mac. per side; Abd. IV without A4 mac.; collophore anterior side with 8 + 8 chaetae and posterior side with 3 + 3 chaetae (Figs. 1, 3, 5, 12, 14–17, 19, 24, 25).   
 Description. Total length of the holotype 1. 7 mm. Habitus typical of paronellids of Cremastocephalini tribe (sensu Mitra, 1993) (Fig. 1). Specimens predominantly pale to light yellow aspect, with blue pigment covering the distal region of Ant. II-III, Ant. I base, anterior and lateral sides of head; lateral of Th. II to Abd. V; Th. III with 3 + 3 rosette-like blue spots, Abd. I, II and IV with 2 + 2, 4 + 4 and 6 + 6 flower-shaped spots, respectively; Abd. III and. IV with blue spots posteriorly. Femur I-III with one and tibiotarsi I-III with two light blue spots distally; eyepatch area black (Fig. 1).   
 Head. Eyepatches oval, with largest ocelli A and B and smallest G and H, with three interocular ciliated chaetae (Fig. 3). Head dorsal chaetotaxy as in Fig. 3; antennal series ‘An’ with 6 + 6 chaetae, An1a, An1, An2, An3a and An3 as mac., An2a as spine-like mic.; anterior series ‘A’ with A5 mes.; medio-ocellar series ‘M’ with 3 + 3 chaetae, M4 as mac., M0 and M2 as mes.; sutural series ‘S’ with 3 + 3 chaetae, S2 and S3 as mac., S7 as mes.; interocular series with 3 + 3 chaetae, r as mac., p and t as mic.; postoccipital anterior series ‘Pa’ with 3 + 3 chaetae, Pa5 and one typical chaeta (P5a) as mac., Pa6 as bothriotricum; postoccipital median series ‘Pm’ with 2 + 2 mac. (Pm1 and Pm3); postoccipital posterior series ‘Pp’ with 1 + 1 mac. (Pp1); postoccipital external series ‘Pe’ with mac. Pe3 present. Ant. IV with a simple apical bulb and smooth and ciliated chaetae. Ant. I with 4 + 4 dorsal mac.; dorsal base with 5 + 5 to 6 + 6 sensillae-like smooth mic. and ventral base with 12 + 12 (Figs. 5 and 6). Four prelabral ciliated chaetae and 14 labral smooth chaetae (4/5/5), four anterior (a1-2), a1 spine-like; five median (m0-2), and five posterior (p0-2) (Figs. 7 and 8). Labial palp with five smooth proximal chaetae and six papillae (A-E and H), A and C simple, H with two smooth guard appendages (h1-2), B with five (a1, b1-4), D with three (d1-2 and d4), and E with lateral process (l.p.) smaller than the papilla and two smooth guard appendages (e1-2) (Fig.9). Maxillary outer lobe with apical appendage (a.a.) and basal chaeta (b.c.) of same length, both smooth, sublobal plate with three internal smooth appendages (Fig. 10). Right mandible (ventral view) with four incisive teeth, left mandible with five teeth; both mandibles with six stronger molar teeth (Fig. 11). Basolateral and basomedian field with chaetae A1-5 smooth (A5 thickest), M2, E, L1 and L2 ciliated, r and M1 absent (Fig. 12). Cephalic groove (CG) with 8 + 8 chaetae, 5 + 5 ciliated (CG1-3, CG5 and CG7), 1 + 1 smooth (CG8), and 2 + 2 as spine-like mic. (CG4 and CG6); medial postlabial (PLM) with 1 + 1 ciliated chaetae (PLM1); external postlabial (PLE) with 4 + 4 ciliated chaetae (PLE1-4). Head ventral chaetotaxy as in Fig. 13.   
 Thorax dorsal chaetotaxy. Th. II as in Fig. 14; anterior series ‘a’ with 10 + 10 unnamed mac. of anterior collar, one S-microchaeta (ms), and one anterolateral sens. (al); medial series ‘m’ with 3 + 3 chaetae, m7 as mac., m1 and m2 as mes. present or absent, plus 1 + 1 unnamed mac. laterally; posterior series ‘p’ with 2 + 2 chaetae, p2 as mac., p1 as mes. present or absent. Th. III dorsal chaetotaxy as in Fig. 15; series ‘p’ with 6 + 6 mac. (p1-3, p5 and 2 + 2 unnamed chaetae), and one anterolateral sens. (al).   
 Abdomen dorsal chaetotaxy. Abd. I as in Fig. 16; series ‘m’ with 3 + 3 chaetae, m3 and m4 as mac., m5 as mes., and one S-microchaeta (ms). Abd. II as Fig. 17; series ‘a’ with a5 as bothriotricum; series ‘m’ with 4 + 4 chaetae, m3, m3e and m5 as mac., m2 as bothriotricum; series ‘p’ with 2 + 2 chaetae, p6 as mac. present or absent, p7 as mes. plus el mac. Abd. III as in Fig. 18; series ‘a’ with 3 + 3 chaetae, a5 as bothriotricum, a7 and am6 as mes.; series ‘m’ with 2 + 2 bothriotricha (m2 and m5); series ‘p’ with 3 + 3 chaetae, p6 and pm6 as mac., p7i as mes. One anterosubmedial sens. (as) present. Abd. IV as in Fig. 19; series ‘A’ with 3 + 3 chaetae, A1 and A6 as mac., A3 as mes.; series ‘Ae’ with Ae1 as mac.; series ‘B’ with 4 + 4 chaetae, B3-5 as mac., B6 as bothriotricum; series ‘Be’ with Be1 as mac.; series ‘C’ with C1 as mac.; series ‘T’ with 2 + 2 bothriotricha (T2 and T4), and one S-microchaeta (ms); series ‘E’ with 2 + 2 mac. (E1-2); series ‘F’ with 4 + 4 mac. (F1-3p); series ‘Fe’ with 5 + 5 chaetae, Fe1-3 as mac., Fe4-5 as bothriotricha; posterior margin with 5 + 5 unnamed ciliated mes., and three sens. presents (ps and two unnamed). Abd. V as in Fig. 20; series ‘a’ with 3 + 3 chaetae, a5 as mac., a3 and a6 as mes.; series ‘m’ with 4 + 4 or 5 + 5 mac. (m2- 5e), m5a present or absent; series ‘p’ with 5 + 5 or 6 + 6 chaetae, p1, p3-5 and ap6 (present or absent) as mac., pp6 as mes.; one anterosubmedial sens. (as) and two accessory sens. (acc.p4 and acc.p5) present.   
 Tergal S-chaetae formula 1, 0| 1, 0, 0, 1, 0 (ms) and 1, 1| 0, 0, 1, 3, 3 (sens) of Th. II to Abd. V (Fig. 14–20).   
Legs. Trochanteral organ with 14 spine-like chaetae (Fig. 21). Unguis I-II (same morphology) with three unpaired inner teeth, a basal, a median and one at the apex (Fig. 22). Unguis III with one unpaired inner tooth near the apex (Fig. 23). Unguiculi trilamelate, lamellae inner truncate, lamellae external acuminate, both smooth edges. Tenent hairs capitate, weakly ciliated, present on pretarsus. All tibiotarsi with one socket monocondyle at the apex (Figs. 22 and 23). Tibiotarsus III with a smooth distal chaeta, near unguiculus base (Fig. 23).  
Collophore. Anterior side with 3 + 3 long ciliated mac. and 5 + 5 smooth mic.; posterior side with 2 + 2 smooth mic. and 1 + 1 ciliated; lateral side with 14 + 14 smooth mic. (Figs. 24 and 25).  
 Furcula. Dens with rows of ciliated chaetae and mucro with two main teeth (d1 and v1) and one reduced accessory teeth present or absent (ap) (1 out of 14 specimens) (Figs. 26 and 27).   
 Type material. Holotype female, on slide N ◦ COLLE 040 / INPA: Brazil, Amazonas, Rio Preto da Eva municipality, “Aprisco Pásargada” farm (02 ◦ 42 l 26.6 ll S; 59 ◦ 42 l 53.2 ll W), Amazon forest, 13.ix. 2013, 45 m, Malaise trap, BG Oliveira coll. Paratypes on slide N ◦ COLLE 040 A-G/ INPA: 3 males, 7 females in slides, and 4 specimens in ethanol, same data as holotype. 3 paratypes in ethanol, same data as holotype, except date: 13.xii.2013.   
 Other examined material. 1 immature on slide, Brazil, Amazonas, Presidente Figueiredo municipality, AM-270, Km 18 (02 ◦ 02 l 48 ll S; 59 ◦ 52 l 01 ll W), 30.viii. 2014, 146 m, dish trap, NG Cipola and FGL Oliveira coll. 2 females on same slide, Manaus municipality, “Raifran” farm, entrance to “Brasileirinho” Km 7 (03 ◦ 02 l 08 ll S; 59 ◦ 52 l 16 ll W), 29.viii. 2013, 38 m, BG-Malaria trap, LB Leal coll. 1 female on slide, Novo Airão municipality, “ Mato Grosso ” stream (02 ◦ 49 l 00 ll S; 60 ◦ 55 l 08 ll W), 28-31.iii.2013, dish trap, JT Câmara and AC Maldaner coll. All deposited in INPA.   
 Etymology. Refers to its distinct color pattern resembling flowers (from Latin: macula = spot and flos = flower) (Fig. 1).   
 Distribution and habitat. This species was found only in the Amazon forest, Amazonas State, Brazil and in Good’s biogeographic zone 26 of Neotropical region, Highlands of Eastern Brazil: North Brazilian (Good, 1974). The climate of the area is equatorial monsoonal (Am) (Kottek et al., 2006). This is the first species of Salina with rectangular mucro described from South America, and the first species of Salina described from Brazil.
description: Published as part of Oliveira, Fábio Gonçalves de Lima & Cipola, Nikolas Gioia, 2016, Two new species of Salina MacGillivray (Collembola, Paronellidae) with rectangular mucro from South America, pp. 128-136 in Revista Brasileira de Entomologia 60 (2) on pages 129-130, DOI: 10.1016/j.rbe.2016.01.002, http://zenodo.org/record/13195103