cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Economic Insecurity: Implications of Federal Budget Proposals for Low-Income Working Families
Creators: name: Cauthen, Nancy K.
name: Dinan, Kinsey Alden
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2005
Subjects: Working poor
Working poor--Government policy
Poor families
Economic assistance, Domestic--U.S. states

description: What happens when a family loses one or more vital work supports? This brief uses the Family Resource Simulator, developed by the National Center for Children in Poverty, to illustrate the impact of the loss of benefits on working families. The Simulator is a web-based tool that calculates a family’s resources and basic expenses in the context of federal and state policies as family earnings increase. Calculations are based on hypothetical families, created by selecting family characteristics and making choices about which public benefits the family receives when eligible.
"Exploring the value and role of creative practices in research co-production"
Creators: name: Langley, Joe
name: Craig, Claire
name: Snellgrove-Clarke, Erna
name: Smith, Sarah
name: Kayes, Nicola
name: gwilt, ian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 369999
subject: Other creative arts and writing not elsewhere classified

description: Langley, J., Kayes, N., Gwilt, I., Snelgrove-Clarke, E., Smith, S., & Craig, C. (2022). Exploring the value and role of creative practices in research co-production. Evidence & Policy, 18(2), 193-205. Retrieved Feb 7, 2025, from https://doi.org/10.1332/174426421X16478821515272Introduction and setting the sceneOver the past two years, COVID has illustrated how research benefit can be accelerated when need, resources and opportunity coincide. It has also demonstrated the challenges of implementing even relatively simple evidence-based interventions, such as mask wearing and vaccines. The global pandemic response has repeatedly shown that evidence use is a complex social process determined by multiple financial, political, ethical, technological, ecological, temporal, and social factors – often in tension with each other. It has underlined the myriad influences on, and gaps between, evidence, knowledge, and action and reminds us of the need for diverse views to inform policy and practice.Co-production is a method that can help weave social factors into the creation and shaping of policy and practice that is easily adopted. Its use has consequently proliferated, and the term has become ubiquitous within research and policy development. Despite this, questions remain regarding what constitutes co-production, what it involves and how to do it well (Green and Johns, 2019), particularly concerning the authenticity of its application and tokenistic use.A previous special issue of this journal (Metz et al, 2019) explored this topic looking at ‘Co-creative approaches to knowledge production’. The editors suggested ‘… a greater focus on the topic of creativity…’ and its application in this space would add to the debate and develop it further. This special issue now picks up that thread by setting out to explore:How is creativity applied within co-production?How does such creativity influence the incorporation of evidence into policy or practice?What impact(s) or effect(s) does creativity have in these applications?What are the implications of this, and for whom?
Effect of mixed Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains on Chardonnay wine composition
Creators: name: Saberi, Sara
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Chardonnay is the global standard for white wine. Traditional Chardonnay wine is fermented using natural microbial flora, while current Chardonnay wines are fermented using an individual Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain. Wine makers are looking for possibility of producing wines with enhanced complexity that has disappeared from current wines due to the use of commercially available yeast starter cultures across the world (Howell et al., 2006). Conducting controlled fermentation using multiple species or strains of yeasts can be one of the available capacities to provide superior Chardonnay wines. Selected yeasts should have certain technological characteristic as requirements for industrial wine production. In this study, two novel individual Burgundian S. cerevisiae strains (C2 and C6) and mixtures of these strains (M1, M2, M3 and M4) were used to produce wine. First, the genetic fingerprinting and killer phenotype of the Burgundian yeasts were discovered. Secondly, the enological characteristics of the Burgundian yeasts were examined. Finally, Chardonnay must was fermented at 16 °C and 20 °C with the S. cerevisiae strains. The volatile compounds of the resulting wines were identified and quantified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and compared. The odour active values (OAVs) were calculated for each volatile compound to estimate their sensory contribution of volatile compounds to the overall aroma of the wine samples. The Burgundian strains C2 and C6 had unique genetic fingerprints and showed a positive killer phenotype. The enological characterization of the Burgundian strains showed that they are enologically equivalent to the available commercial strains. No significant (p ≥ 0.05) difference existed in the production of 18 volatile compounds by wine yeast strains across the two fermentation temperatures. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) of the volatile compounds and estimated sensory profiles of Chardonnay wines indicated that the individual and mixed Burgundian strains were more similar to one another than the industrial strains. The Burgundian strains collectively produced pleasant aromas with OAVs above the sensory threshold. In conclusion, the potential exists to support the hypothesis that Chardonnay wines, when fermented with mixed Burgundian strains, produce a unique complex aromatic profile which is different from those obtained from commercially available yeast strains.
Diffractive Dissociation into π- π- π+ Final States at COMPASS
Creators: name: Haas, Florian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Diffractive dissociation reactions studied at the COMPASS experiment at CERN provide access to the light-meson spectrum. During a pilot run in 2004, using a pion beam and a lead target, 420k π- π- π+ final-state events with masses below 2.5 GeV/c2 were recorded, yielding a significant spin-exotic signal for the controversial π1(1600) resonance. After a significant upgrade of the spectrometer in 2007, the following two years were dedicated to meson spectroscopy. Using again a pion beam, but now with a liquid hydrogen target, an unique statistics of ~60M events of the same final state was gathered in 2008. During a short campaign in 2009, the H2 target was exchanged by several solid state targets in order to compare final states produced on targets with different atomic numbers. A partial-wave Analysis (PWA) was performed on all these data sets and results are presented.
Untapped Potential: State Earned Income Credits and Child Poverty Reduction
Creators: name: Bennett, Neil G.
name: Lu, Hsien-Hen
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2001
Subjects: Earned Income Tax Credit
Poor families
Poor children
Economic assistance, Domestic--U.S. states

description: NCCP is publishing this research brief at a time when a large and growing share of children in poverty have working parents. A strong national economy and welfare reform have contributed to a significant increase in the proportion of poor families with at least one parent in the workforce over the past several years. In this context, a key challenge for policymakers and others who are concerned about the well-being of children and families is how to develop and improve policies that reward work and help low-income working families to increase their earnings. One of the most promising policies in this regard is the earned income credit (EIC). (Note: The EIC is also commonly referred to as the EITC or earned income tax credit.) Research by NCCP has documented the powerful anti-poverty effects of the federal EIC, which benefits nearly 20 million working families each year. The federal EIC increases the after-tax income of these families by an average of about $1,500 per family at a total cost of just over $30 billion. This research brief examines the current and potential impact of state EICs as a means of building on the positive effects of the federal EIC at the state level. This is the third research brief in a series published by the National Center for Children in Poverty focusing on poverty dynamics in the 50 states and the District of Columbia.
Exploring Literacy and Perceptions of Genomics Among Undergraduate Nursing Students and Faculty: A Mixed Methods Study
Creators: name: Dewell, Sarah Lynne
Publisher: name: Nursing
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Education--Curriculum and Instruction
subject: Education--Health
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Nursing
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: As the single largest health care profession in Canada, nurses have a remarkable opportunity to shape the implementation of genomic health care, and will need a solid foundation in genetic and genomic knowledge to do so (Calzone et al., 2010; Canadian Institute for Health Information, 2016). In the early 2000s, a dedicated group of nurse leaders provided recommendations for genetic nursing in Canada (Bottorff et al., 2004). Since that time, the literature and guidelines from Canadian nursing organizations suggest that there has been little progress in the implementation of these recommendations. A mixed-methods explanatory sequential design combining a cross-sectional administration of a survey and thematic analysis of focus group discussion was used to answer the following research questions: Quantitative - How do nursing undergraduate students and faculty perform on the Genomic Nursing Concept Inventory (GNCI)? What individual socio-demographic characteristics and previous experiences with genetics are associated with performance on the GNCI? Qualitative - What barriers and facilitators to the addition of genetic and genomic content into undergraduate nursing curricula are identified by nursing undergraduate students and faculty? Mixed Methods - How do the barriers and facilitators associated with the addition of genetic and genomic knowledge into undergraduate nursing curriculum broaden understanding and provide context for the scores on the GNCI? The average percent correct on the GNCI for the 220 participants was 45%, which is comparable to results of sample US students and faculty. Characteristics associated with higher performance on the GNCI included older age, attending site A, not being female, having taken a genetics course, a previous degree, and having a positive attitude towards nurses learning about genetics. A list of barriers and facilitators was developed, along with eight themes (gaps in understanding; complexity; gaps in curriculum; lack of role models; scope; role; application; and relevance) describing the general sense of becoming “stuck” when discussing integration of genetics into the nursing curriculum. Clear implications emerged from the integration of the quantitative results and qualitative findings, which can be used to focus future research and efforts to advance the inclusion of genetic and genomic knowledge in undergraduate nursing curricula in Canada.
Welfare Research Perspectives: Past, Present, and Future, 2002 Edition
Creators: name: Blum, Barbara B.
name: Francis, Jennifer Farnsworth
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2002
Subjects: Economic assistance, Domestic--Evaluation
Public welfare--Evaluation

description: This is the fourth in a series of working papers designed to examine what has been learned since the enactment of the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act (PRWORA) of 1996.
title: Greenhouse gas emission during composting of different mixing combinations of natural resource by-products
Creators: name: Rathnayake, Jayamini
Publisher: name: Memorial University of Newfoundland
Year: 2023

description: Utilizing locally available natural resource by-products from forestry (wood shavings ⎯ WS, wood ash ⎯ WA, biochar ⎯ BC, and paper sludge ⎯ PS) and animal husbandry sectors (poultry manure ⎯ PM) to produce compost, may be an alternative for heavily using synthetic fertilizer and may help to improve soil physicochemical and biological characteristics. During composting, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions are unavoidable due to microbial activities. The objectives of this research study were to: i) determine the best mixing ratio of PS with WS, and PM to reduce GHG (nitrous oxide ⎯ N₂O, carbon dioxide ⎯ CO₂, methane ⎯ CH₄) emissions during the composting process, ii) detect the impact of BC on GHG emission during composting of PS, WS, and PM, and iii) find out the effect of BC on quality of final compost product. There were four treatments with two mixing ratios; T1 ⎯ PS: WS: PM – 6:2:1 and T3 ⎯ PS: WS: PM – 1:2:1. In addition, T2 and T4 had 4% biochar added to T1 and T3, respectively. The high sludge mixing ratio showed higher GHG emissions than the low sludge mixing ratio for CO₂ and CH₄, but not for N₂O. The addition of 4% biochar did not show any significant difference among treatments for GHG emissions or the quality of the final compost although biochar showed some effects in reducing CH₄ and N₂O emissions. According to the final C/N, the compost did not reach its maturity within the 90 day period. However, all treatments reached a Germination Index of over 80%, indicating a reduction in phytotoxicity. Except for zinc and magnesium, all other micronutrients in all the treatments were within maximum acceptable limits for land application. Further studies are required to monitor GHG and NH₃ emissions in large-scale outdoor experiments using these treatments. Additionally, field trials are required to test the effect of compost on plant growth, which may help to further improve the final compost product.
Method for determining the air change effectiveness of the auxiliary forcing ventilation system in underground mines using CFD software
Creators: name: Adjiski, Vancho
name: Mirakovski, Dejan
name: Despodov, Zoran
name: Mijalkovski, Stojance
Publisher: name: Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Geoengineering, Mining and Geology
Year: 2018
Subjects: underground mines, auxiliary ventilation, development heading, air change effectiveness, mean age of air

description: Mining Science
Lessons from the Australian Johne's disesase control policies and programs
Creators: name: Burden, Paul Douglas
Publisher: name: Veterinary Medicine
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Johne's disease, control programs, vaccination policy
subject: Literature--Australia, New Zealand, and Oceania
subject: Economics
subject: Epidemiology
subject: Psychology--Behavioral

description: Bovine Johnes disease (BJD) impacts dairy industries globally. Australia and Canada have low cow-level prevalence with varying herd-level prevalence and recently reviewed control activities. Control strategies using vaccination are lacking, suggesting opportunities for improved efficiencies of regulatory oversight. Aims of this study include identifying characteristics of producers participating in BJD control programs and vaccination, financial benefits of participation, and comparison of control activities in Australia and Canada to inform current and future control policy. An online questionnaire captured knowledge, attitudes, and practices plus demographics from 71 Australian dairy farms. Ordinal choice variable analysis identified several influences on participation, including economic factors. Simulation modelling suggests increased profitability through participation in BJD control programs and vaccination. Financial benefits of BJD control in different countries indicates high likelihood of positive returns for long-term programs, but short-term challenges to adoption and sustainability. Canada’s BJD regulatory policies may benefit from Australian experience with BJD control.
Non-destructive characterisation of mortars reinforced with various fibres exposed to high temperature
Creators: name: Ezziane, Mohammed
name: Molez, Laurent
name: Messaoudene, Ibrahim
Publisher: name: Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Geoengineering, Mining and Geology
Year: 2018
Subjects: mortars, temperature, steel fiber, polypropylene fiber, non-destructive test

description: Mining Science
Optimizing splice geometry in multiply conveyor belts with respect to stress in adhesive bonds
Creators: name: Bajda, Mirosław
name: Błażej, Ryszard
name: Hardygóra, Monika
Publisher: name: Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Geoengineering, Mining and Geology
Year: 2018
Subjects: conveyor belt, belt conveyor, textile belt splices, splice testing

description: Mining Science
Map and Track: State Initiatives for Young Children and Families, 2000 Edition
Creators: name: Cauthen, Nancy K.
name: Knitzer, Jane
name: Ripple, Carol H.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2000
Subjects: Family services
Children--Services for
Children--Services for--U.S. states
Family services--U.S. states

description: This new edition updates and expands the information in the 1998 Map and Track on the level of commitment to young children and families across the states. It continues to map state initiatives for young children and families (child development and family support programs, and early childhood systems development efforts) and track them over time. The new edition profiles state efforts to promote family economic security, specifically through refundable tax credits, state minimum wage laws, child care subsidies, health insurance, and food and nutrition benefits. Overall, significant growth has occurred in state child development and family support efforts since Map and Track 1998. But gains have been uneven and efforts to promote family economic security also vary widely. No single state made significant efforts across all the family economic security indicators in addition to making substantial investments in child development and family support. Nonetheless, a small number of states are making strong efforts across both of these areas.
Universality and a numerical ε-expansion of the Abelian Manna model below upper critical dimension
Creators: name: Huynh, Hoai Nguyen
name: Pruessner, Gunnar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Abelian Manna model of self-organized criticality is studied on various three-dimensional and fractal lattices. The exponents for avalanche size, duration and area distribution of the model are obtained by using a high-accuracy moment analysis. Together with earlier results on lower-dimensional lattices, the present results reinforce the notion of universality below the upper critical dimension and allow us to determine the the coefficients of an ε-expansion. Rescaling the critical exponents by the lattice dimension and incorporating the random walker dimension, a remarkable relation is observed, satisfied by both regular and fractal lattices.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, 6 tables, submitted to PRE
Effort-based decision making is sensitive to the effects of acute stress
Creators: name: Shafiei, Naghmeh
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Acute stress can either exert beneficial or detrimental effects on different forms of cognition, and these effects may be mediated in part by enhanced glucocorticoid and dopaminergic activity. Recent studies in humans have shown that acute stress disrupts certain aspects of cost/benefit decision making. In the following series of experiments, we assessed the effects of acute restraint stress on different forms of cost/benefit decision making, and some of the hormonal and neurochemical mechanisms that may underlie these effects. Effort-based decision making was assessed with a discounting task where rats chose between a low effort/reward lever (1 press=2 pellets), or a high effort/reward lever that delivered 4 pellets, with the effort requirement increasing over 4 blocks of discrete trials (2, 5, 10, and 20 presses). A single exposure to 1 hour stress decreased preference for the high effort/reward and increased response latencies. Control experiments revealed that these effects did not appear to be mediated by general decreases in motivation or reduced preference for larger rewards. A separate group of rats were trained on delay discounting task where they chose between a small/immediate reward (1 pellet) or a larger, 4 pellet reward delivered after a delay (0, 15, 30, 45 sec). In contrast to effort discounting, acute stress did not affect choice of larger, delayed rewards. The role of glucocorticoids in regulating effort-based decision making was assessed via the systemic administration of exogenous corticosterone (1 or 3 mg/kg). These treatments failed to mimic the effects of stress on effort discounting. In a final experiment, dopamine receptor blockade with flupenthixol (0.25 mg/kg) prior to restraint to did not attenuate the stress-induced effects on effort-related choice. However, this treatment abolished the stress-induced increase in response latencies. These data suggest that acute stress interferes somewhat selectively with cost/benefit evaluations concerning rewards of different magnitudes and the relative effort costs associated with obtaining them. These effects do not appear to be mediated by enhanced glucocorticoid activity, whereas dopaminergic activation may contribute to increased latencies induced by stress. These findings may provide insight on impairments in decision making and anergia associated with stress-related disorders such as depression.
Kith and Kin—Informal Child Care: Highlights from Recent Research
Creators: name: Brown-Lyons, Melanie
name: Robertson, Anne
name: Layzer, Jean
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2001
Subjects: Child care
Child care--Research

description: The purpose of this document is to summarize what the available research tells us about informal child care, and to identify significant gaps in knowledge.
The Celibate Athlete: Athletic Metaphors, Medical Thought, and Sexual Abstinence in the Second and Third Centuries CE
Creators: name: Secord, Jared
Publisher: name: University of California Press
Year: 2018
Subjects: Patristics
Asceticism
Early Christianity
Galen
Late Antiquity
Metaphor
Ancient Sports/Athletics
St. Paul
Ancient Medicine
Origen

description: In this article, I propose a new way of interpreting athletic metaphors in early Christian literature. I argue that the metaphorical figure of the athlete would have evoked for ancient readers not simply the ideas of competitive struggle, but also the idea of sexual abstinence , a lifestyle choice closely associated with athletes in the Greco-Roman world. The article collects and discusses evidence for the practice of athletic celibacy, drawing together a disparate collection of medical and philosophical literature, with Christian sources, from the second and third centuries CE. It demonstrates that athletic celibacy was a familiar concept in this period , and that many observers were interested in the methods that athletes used to control their sexual urges, including applying lead plates to their loin muscles. The treatment of this evidence suggests that there was greater interest in sexual abstinence among non-Christians than has previously been understood, and that athletes were implicated in controversies about whether or not total abstention from sex was a healthy lifestyle choice. As such, I argue that it is plausible to regard the athletic imagery of early Christians not only as a metaphorical comparison between two kinds of strident individuals, but also as advocacy for the celibate life as the most healthful lifestyle.
Looking Forward, Looking Back: Reflections on the 10th Anniversary of Welfare Reform
Creators: name: Cauthen, Nancy K.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2006
Subjects: Economic assistance, Domestic--U.S. states
Public welfare
Public welfare--Evaluation

description: As we approach the 10-year anniversary of the signing of the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act (PRWORA), commonly referred to as "welfare reform," pundits are rushing to declare the effort either an unqualified success or an utter disaster. Despite the hype, most of us know that the truth lies somewhere in between. There have been undeniable successes, yet significant policy challenges remain. Welfare reform is not over.
Child Poverty in the States: Levels and Trends from 1979 to 1998
Creators: name: Bennett, Neil G.
name: Lu, Hsien-Hen
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2000
Subjects: Poverty--U.S. states
Poverty--Research--U.S. states
Poor children

description: This research brief from the National Center for Children in Poverty (NCCP) uses the official measure of poverty and the most recent data available from the U.S. Census Bureau to document the levels of child poverty in all fifty states and the District of Columbia. (In 1998, the official poverty threshold for a family of four was $16,660.) It also examines long-term trends in child poverty between 1979 and 1998 in each state. Further, it looks at the components of those trends, specifically during two distinct periods (1979—1993 and 1993—1998) that are defined by the national business cycle and by major changes in policies affecting low-income families, particularly the overhaul of state and federal welfare laws. After years of economic growth, the U.S. child poverty rate recovered from its 1993 peak of 22.5 percent to fall to 18.7 percent in 1998, still significantly higher than its 1979 level of 16.2 percent. The number of children in poverty in the U.S. increased from 10.3 million in 1979 to 13.3 million in 1998. The U.S. child poverty rate continues to be unusually high from an international perspective. After increasing by almost 40 percent from 1979 to 1993, the child poverty rate fell by one-sixth (17 percent) from 1993 to 1998. While the improvement in the poverty rate since 1993 is encouraging and important, it continues to lag well behind the decreases in the unemployment rate and the national welfare caseload. There is also wide variation among the states in their current child poverty rates and trends in those rates over the past two decades. In contrast to the first research brief in this series, which focused on children under age six, this research brief includes poverty rates among all children under age 18. By casting the net wider to include all children, NCCP is able to get reliable state poverty estimates for a single year in time. (Please note that poverty rates among children under age 18 are somewhat lower than those for children below age six.)
Unipolar transport in bilayer graphene controlled by multiple p-n interfaces
Creators: name: Miyazaki, Hisao
name: Li, Song-Lin
name: Nakaharai, Shu
name: Tsukagoshi, Kazuhito
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Unipolar transport is demonstrated in a bilayer graphene with a series of p-n junctions and is controlled by electrostatic biasing by a comb-shaped top gate. The OFF state is induced by multiple barriers in the p-n junctions, where the band gap is generated by applying a perpendicular electric field to the bilayer graphene, and the ON state is induced by the p-p or n-n configurations of the junctions. As the number of the junction increases, current suppression in the OFF state is pronounced. The multiple p-n junctions also realize the saturation of the drain current under relatively high source-drain voltages.
description: 18 pages, 4 figures, Applied Physics Letters, in printing
Analyticity and sum rules for photon GPDs
Creators: name: Gabdrakhmanov, I. R.
name: Teryaev, O. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The photon is explored as an object to test the applications of QCD to the perturbatively calculable collinear parton distributions. We investigate analytic properties of DVCS amplitudes and related sum rules of generalized parton distributions of the photon using as an input their earlier calculations in the leading order. The relation of these GPDs to the quintessential functions in the framework of the dual parametrization approach is also found.
description: Version to appear in Physics Letters B
title: Криминология
Creators: name: ELS IPR BOOKS
Publisher: name: Северо-Кавказский федеральный университет
Year: 2023

description: Практикум составлен в соответствии с требованиями образовательного стандарта высшего образования и представляет учебно-методические разработки тем для практических занятий. Предназначен для студентов направления подготовки 40.03.01 Юриспруденция, профилей: «Государственно-правовой», «Гражданско-правовой», «Уголовно-правовой», «Международно-правовой», «Правозащитная деятельность», «Финансово-правовой», «Правовая жизнь и юридическая деятельность», «Экологическое и природоресурсное право», «Технологическая юриспруденция».
Energy transport in weakly nonlinear wave systems with narrow frequency band excitation
Creators: name: Kartashova, Elena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A novel discrete model (D-model) is presented describing nonlinear wave interactions in systems with small and moderate nonlinearity under narrow frequency band excitation. It integrates in a single theoretical frame two mechanisms of energy transport between modes, namely intermittency and energy cascade and gives conditions when which regime will take place. Conditions for the formation of a cascade, cascade direction, conditions for cascade termination, etc. are given and depend strongly on the choice of excitation parameters. The energy spectra of a cascade may be computed yielding discrete and continuous energy spectra. The model does not need statistical assumptions as all effects are derived from the interaction of distinct modes. In the example given -- surface water waves with dispersion function $ø^2=g\,k$ and small nonlinearity -- D-model predicts asymmetrical growth of side-bands for Benjamin-Feir instability while transition from discrete to continuous energy spectrum excitation parameters properly chosen yields the saturated Phillips' power spectrum $\sim g^2ø^{-5}$. D-model can be applied to the experimental and theoretical study of numerous wave systems appearing in hydrodynamics, nonlinear optics, electrodynamics, plasma, convection theory, etc.
description: shortened version, to appear in Phys. Rev. E
Changing Children's Trajectories of Development: Two-Year Evidence for the Effectiveness of a School-Based Approach to Violence Prevention
Creators: name: Aber, John Lawrence
name: Pedersen, Sara
name: Brown, Joshua L.
name: Jones, Stephanie M.
name: Gershoff, Elizabeth T.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2003
Subjects: Violence in adolescence
School violence--Prevention
School violence--Prevention--Study and teaching

description: Awareness of youth violence has increased in recent years, resulting in more interest in programs that can prevent violent and aggressive behavior. Although overall rates of violence among young people have declined since the mid-1990s, rates of some forms of youth aggression, violence, and crime remain high. National data reveal that, each year, about 15 percent of high school students are involved in a physical fight at school and 8 percent are threatened or injured with a weapon. Urban youth are at particular risk for exposure to violence and victimization. This report describes one of the largest and longest running school-based violence prevention programs in the country—the Resolving Conflict Creatively Program (RCCP)—and discusses the results of a rigorous evaluation conducted by the National Center for Children in Poverty (NCCP) at Columbia University's Mailman School of Public Health. The evaluation provides concrete evidence that early, school-based prevention initiatives such as the RCCP can work and should be included in communities' efforts to prevent violence among children and youth.
Membrane Paradigm and Horizon Thermodynamics in Lanczos-Lovelock gravity
Creators: name: Kolekar, Sanved
name: Kothawala, Dawood
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the membrane paradigm for horizons in Lanczos-Lovelock models of gravity in arbitrary D dimensions and find compact expressions for the pressure p and viscosity coefficients ηand ζof the membrane fluid. We show that the membrane pressure is intimately connected with the Noether charge entropy S_Wald of the horizon when we consider a specific m-th order Lanczos-Lovelock model, through the relation pA/T=(D-2m)/(D-2)S_Wald, where T is the temperature and A is the area of the horizon. Similarly, the viscosity coefficients are expressible in terms of entropy and quasi-local energy associated with the horizons. The bulk and shear viscosity coefficients are found to obey the relation ζ=-2(D-3)/(D-2)η.
description: v1: 13 pages, no figure. (v2): refs added, typos corrected, new subsection added on the ratio \eta/s. (v3): some clarification added, typos corrected, to appear in JHEP
Enzymatic synthesis of natural and artificial polyprenols
Creators: name: Schöne, Pia
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 540

description: Magnesiumabhängige cis-Prenyltransferasen (CPTs) katalysieren die konsekutive Addition von homoallylischem Isopentenyldiphosphat an allylisches Farnesyldiphosphat, um ciskonfigurierte lineare Polyprenyldiphosphate zu bilden. Diese nativen Produkte, sowie synthetische Derivate, stellen eine interessante Quelle für die industrielle Produktion von Polymeren, wie z.B. Neopren, dar. In dieser Arbeit wurden eine thermophile mittelketten CPT sowie eine langketten CPT untersucht, wobei der Fokus auf dem Umsatz natürlicher und artifizieller Substrate lag. Durch die Verwendung eines fluoreszierenden Startersubstrates konnten die entsprechenden Produktalkohole mittels fluoreszenz-basierter HPLC detektiert werden. Die Kettenlänge der Produkte konnte mittels hochauflösender Massenspektrometrie ermittelt werden. Die Wahl der Assaybedingungen sowie der Einsatz von Enzymvarianten können die Produktverteilung beeinflussen. Somit kann die Anreicherung von spezifischen Produkten erreicht werden.
description: Magnesium‐dependent cis-prenyltransferases (CPTs) catalyze the consecutive addition of homoallylic isopentenyl diphosphate onto allylic farnesyl diphosphate to form cis-configured linear polyprenyl diphosphates. These native products as well as synthetic derivatives are an interesting resource for the industrial production of polymers, e.g. neoprene. In this study, a thermophilic medium-chain CPT as well as a long-chain CPT were analyzed, focusing on the conversion of natural and artificial substrates. By using a fluorescent starter substrate the corresponding product alcohols could be detected using a fluorescence-based HPLC method. The chain length of the resulting polyprenols was determined by high resolution mass spectrometry. The choice of the assay conditions and the generation of enzyme variants change the chain length distribution of the products significantly. Thus, the accumulation of specific products can be achieved by medium or genetic engineering.
FearTalk 3: Luke Barnesmoore & R. Michael Fisher
Creators: name: Fisher, R. M.
Publisher: name: In Search of Fearlessness Research Institute
Year: 2018
Subjects: Dominant worldview
Artificial worldview

description: This is the second part of an ongoing conversation between two scholars in collaboration to design a better society (see FearTalk 2). With many topics covered on exploring the understanding of fear, courage and fearlessness, this casual but intense philosophical conversation includes psychological practices they bring to establishing an intimate relationship with what Luke calls Nothing-Infinite-Eternal. For a transformation of today's Dominant/Artificial worldview and consciousness itself, they agree that we have to teach the most basic distinctions between a coping culture (and its limits, if not pathologies) and a healing culture. We need a psychology of eternity to complement and correct our current (Western) obsession with psychologies of the ego.
Resistance to Fear Understanding
Creators: name: Fisher, R. M.
Publisher: name: In Search of Fearlessness Research Institute
Year: 2018
Subjects: death fear
Terror Management Theory
fearology
fear

description: Dr. R. Michael Fisher, founder and Director of The Fearology Institute takes on the topic of "Why so much resistance to better understanding fear (and fearology)?" He introduces Terror Management Theory (TMT ; see Wikipedia) as providing an existentialist explanation for resistance to fear (and death fear). He reads quotes from Bonaro Overstreet on fear from the 1950s as one of the best books available on the topic and from TMT in Sedikides et al. (2004) chapter "Nostalgia: Conceptual Issues and Existential Functions" in J. Greenberg et al. (Eds.), "Handbook of Experimental Existential Psychology."
Fisher's Big Discovery on Fear & Motivation
Creators: name: Fisher, R. M.
Publisher: name: In Search of Fearlessness Research Institute
Year: 2019
Subjects: meta-motivation theory
fear

description: As founder of the In Search of Fearlessness Research Institute, Dr. Fisher outlines why theory (and meta-theory) is important in fear studies. He lists several of what he considers his most important discoveries in this field in 30 years. He then focuses on discussing the Meta-Motivation Theory he has created in the last 5 years where Fear is located in relationship to Love and Freedom and Fearlessness as an evolutionary and developmental trajectory that has universal applications to explaining human existence. He concludes by applying his meta-motivation theory to a paper discussion on India and the three-layered fears of girls.
Einfluss veränderter Brennbedingungen auf die Klinkerzwischenphase und die daraus resultierende Beeinflussung der Hydratation
Creators: name: Neumann, Thomas
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 620

description: Gegenüber fossilen Brennstoffen enthalten sekundäre Brennstoffe oft höhere Aschekonzentrationen. Beim Brennen von Zementklinkern können hohe Einträge dieser calciumarmen Brennstoffaschen zu einer lokalen Calciumverarmung in der Klinkerschmelze führen. Besonders kleine Klinkergranalien und die Ränder großer Klinkergranalien unterliegen dem Einfluss der Brennstoffaschen. Wird der calciumarme Zustand der Schmelze z. B. durch eine schnelle Kühlung eingefroren, verschiebt sich das Aluminat/Ferrit-Verhältnis (C3A/C4AxF2-x) in Richtung Ferrit. Im Vergleich zum Aluminat weist Ferrit trotz eines gestiegenen Al/Fe-Verhältnisses eine deutlich geringere Reaktivität auf. Der verringerte Aluminatgehalt bewirkt eine geringere Wasserbindung und Hydratationswärmeentwicklung während der ersten Stunden der Zementhydratation. Dadurch bedingt verringert sich auch die frühe Festigkeit entsprechender Zemente. Neben Brennstoffaschen können auch hohe Brenntemperaturen eine Calciumverarmung der Schmelzphase der Klinker verursachen.
description: Secondary fuels often contain higher concentrations of ashes compared to fossil fuels. During burning of Portland cement clinker high intakes of low calcium ashes can contribute to local depletion of calcium within the clinker melt. Especially fine clinker granules and the rims of bigger granules are influenced by ashes. If the low calcium melt crystallizes (e. g. because of fast clinker cooling) the ratio aluminate/ferrite (C3A/C4AxF2-x) shifts in the direction of ferrite. In spite of a higher Al/Fe-ratio within the ferrite, this phase is less reactive compared to the aluminate phase. The lower aluminate content causes less binding of water and a lower heat development during the first hours of hydration. The early strength of appropriate cements is therefore decreased. Beside the influence of ashes, high burning temperatures can also contribute to a depletion of Calcium within the clinker melt.
Limits on dust emission from z~5 LBGs and their local environments
Creators: name: Davies, L. J. M.
name: Bremer, M. N.
name: Stanway, E. R.
name: Mannering, E.
name: Lehnert, M. D.
name: Omont, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present 1.2mm MAMBO-2 observations of a field which is over-dense in Lyman Break Galaxies (LBGs) at z~5. The field includes seven spectroscopically-confirmed LBGs contained within a narrow (z=4.95+/-0.08) redshift range and an eighth at z=5.2. We do not detect any individual source to a limit of 1.6 mJy/beam (2*rms). When stacking the flux from the positions of all eight galaxies, we obtain a limit to the average 1.2 mm flux of these sources of 0.6mJy/beam. This limit is consistent with FIR imaging in other fields which are over-dense in UV-bright galaxies at z~5. Independently and combined, these limits constrain the FIR luminosity (8-1000 micron) to a typical z~5 LBG of LFIR
description: 10 pages, 6 figures, MNRAS Accepted
How Belief in a Just World Influences Views of Public Policy
Creators: name: Appelbaum, Lauren D.
name: Lennon, Mary Clare
name: Aber, John Lawrence
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2003
Subjects: Poverty--Public opinion
Economic assistance, Domestic--Public opinion
Low-income mothers

description: In the policy debates about how best to assist low-income families, societal attitudes toward these families are important. Policies that are viewed favorably by the public are more likely to be implemented whether or not they are the most effective. This report examines some of the ways that public opinion is shaped. The Belief in a Just World—the psychological concept used to describe the belief that people get what they deserve and deserve what they get—influences opinions about how much assistance should be provided to women who have difficulty making ends meet. The National Center for Children in Poverty's innovative Vignette Study tested public opinion toward government assistance by creating a female subject whose description randomly varied 11 characteristics, including whether she works or receives welfare, whether she attends school, whether she is looking for a job, and whether she sometimes skips a meal so that her family can eat. In all cases, this subject was described as the mother of two children. Respondents with a strong Belief in a Just World find women less deserving the more they act responsibly or make efforts to improve their situation. Respondents with a weak Belief in a Just World find women more deserving the more they make an effort to improve their situation. The results suggest that the belief system is challenged for people with a strong Belief in a Just World when they are presented with women who make efforts to improve their situation but still can't get ahead. In order to protect their belief system, people with a strong Belief in a Just World will devalue and blame the victim. In our sample, respondents had a range of beliefs about a just world, from strong to weak. For organizations such as the National Center for Children in Poverty, whose mission is to promote strategies to prevent child poverty and improve the lives of low-income children and their families, the need to appeal to both belief systems is crucial. Common descriptions of low-income families would increase support for aid from both groups if the threat to the general Belief in a Just World is reduced. Perhaps the best way to do this would be to highlight the systemic problems that lead to persistent economic struggles, rather than to portray the plight of individuals. For more information about how the public responds to specific characteristics of women who face economic struggles mediated by a strong or weak belief in a just world and research citations, please refer to the full text of the report, available to the right.
A CoGeNT Modulation Analysis
Creators: name: Fox, Patrick J.
name: Kopp, Joachim
name: Lisanti, Mariangela
name: Weiner, Neal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the recently released CoGeNT data with a focus on their time-dependent properties. Using various statistical techniques, we confirm the presence of modulation in the data, and find a significant component at high (E_{ee} > 1.5$ keVee) energies. We find that standard elastic WIMPs in a Maxwellian halo do not provide a good description of the modulation. We consider the possibility of non-standard halos, using halo independent techniques, and find a good agreement with the DAMA modulation for Q_{Na} \approx 0.3, but disfavoring interpretations with Q_{Na} = 0.5. The same techniques indicate that CDMS-Ge should see an O(1) modulation, and XENON100 should have seen 10-30 events (based upon the modulation in the 1.5-3.1 keVee range), unless L_{eff} is smaller than recent measurements. Models such as inelastic dark matter provide a good fit to the modulation, but not the spectrum. We note that tensions with XENON could be alleviated in such models if the peak is dominantly in April, when XENON data are not available due to noise.
description: 28 pages, 14 figures, 3 tables; revised version has minor corrections to figure captions
Welfare Research Perspectives: Past, Present, and Future, 2000 Edition
Creators: name: Blum, Barbara B.
name: Francis, Jennifer Farnsworth
name: Lennon, Mary Clare
name: Winn, Ellen
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2000
Subjects: Economic assistance, Domestic--Evaluation
Public welfare--Evaluation

description: This is the second in a series of three working papers designed to examine what has been learned since the enactment of the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act (PRWORA) of 1996.
Biometric Authorization System using Gait Biometry
Creators: name: Sudha, L. R
name: Bhavani, Dr. R
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Human gait, which is a new biometric aimed to recognize individuals by the way they walk have come to play an increasingly important role in visual surveillance applications. In this paper a novel hybrid holistic approach is proposed to show how behavioural walking characteristics can be used to recognize unauthorized and suspicious persons when they enter a surveillance area. Initially background is modelled from the input video captured from cameras deployed for security and the foreground moving object in the individual frames are segmented using the background subtraction algorithm. Then gait representing spatial, temporal and wavelet components are extracted and fused for training and testing multi class support vector machine models (SVM). The proposed system is evaluated using side view videos of NLPR database. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed system achieves a pleasing recognition rate and also the results indicate that the classification ability of SVM with Radial Basis Function (RBF) is better than with other kernel functions.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures, 6 tables; International Journal of Computer Science, Engineering and Applications (IJCSEA) Vol.1, No.4, August 2011