Phtheochroa frigidana Zlatkov & Huemer 2017, stat. rev.
Creators: name: Zlatkov, Boyan
name: Huemer, Peter
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Tortricidae
Phtheochroa
Phtheochroa frigidana

description: Phtheochroa frigidana (Guenée, 1845) stat. rev.
Figs 1H, 2E, 3E, 4H, 7 A–B, 9, 10; Table 1
Eupoecilia frigidana Guenée, 1845a: 298.
Cochylis flavidana Guenée, 1845b: 66.
Aphelia sulphurana Guenée, 1845b: 67.
Conchylis andorrana Millière, 1865: 167, pl. 69, figs 4–5.
Hysterosia frigidana – Razowski 1970: 73, pl. 29, fig. 3, pl. 112, fig. 3.
Phtheochroa frigidana – Razowski 1991a: 103.
non Aphelia sulphurosana – Razowski 1970: 73.
Diagnosis
Externally, this species is practically indistinguishable from P. cantabriana sp. nov. The characters of the phallus and vesica easily separate this species from all other members of the group: the phallic process is straight, in contrast to the other species with a curved process; the vesica has a single long dorsal diverticulum, the other species have two diverticula. The paler fore- and hindwing upperside colour distinguishes P. frigidana from P. schawerdae and P. apenninana sp. nov., both with deep yellow forewings and dark grey hindwings.
Material examined
Neotype
ANDORRA: ♂, pinned, with partially spread wings, slightly worn, four labels: // ANDORRA Port de Cabús, 2290 m 1°25′13′′ E, 42°32′45′′ N 16.vii.2012 leg. Huemer TLMF 2012 -011 // BC TLMF Lep 08349” [green label] // Gen. prep. ♂ 1/ 16.7.2012 [genitalia slide number] // NEOTYPE Eupoecilia frigidana Guenée, 1845 Zlatkov & Huemer, 2017 des. [red label] // (TLMF).
Other material
FRANCE: 1 ♂, Ariège, Teilhet, D119 riv. Hers, 26 Jul. 2002, J. Nel leg. (TLMF) (slide 14258 JN); 1 ♂, Pyrénées Orientales, Formiguères, le Galbe, 1700 m a.s.l., 3 Aug. 1993, J. Nel leg. (TLMF) (slide 01646 JN); 1 ♂, Pyrénées Orientales, Col de Puymorens, 1950 m a.s.l., 30 Jun. 2003, J. Junnilainen leg. (JJ).
Redescription
Male (Fig. 1H)
HEAD. Most scales from frons and vertex missing, remaining white. Labial palps long, pointed anterad, with white scales dorsally and ochreous laterally. Antennae filiform, with creamy scales.
THORAX. Dorsally covered with white scales, ventrally with whitish scales. Tegula whitish, laterally with ochreous scales. Forewing length 8.8–10.2 mm (x =9.6, n=4). Forewing long, narrow, with pointed apex, upperside ground colour creamy, more intense yellowish at base and along proximal half of costa; no pattern recognizable in studied specimens, but a specimen figured in Millière (1865) has rust dorsal blotch and subterminal fascia. Underside dark grey, with scattered white scales, especially in apical area. Cilia whitish, with darker basal line. Hindwing upperside pale grey, underside white, with scattered grey scales. Cilia white.
ABDOMEN. Grey.
GENITALIA (Fig. 2E). Curvature of valva prominent. Rest of valva, uncus and socii resembles those of P. schawerdae. Transtilla of neotype (Fig. 3E) short and wide at base, narrow and round apically, but in other specimens with angular apical part. Phallus (Fig. 7 A–B) almost straight, with very large, straight, slender, blunt medioventral process (Fig. 4H). Vesica with ovoid part protruded to the right bearing anteroventrally directed cornutus. Long, slender, bent at basal third, anterodorsally directed diverticulum with cornutus emerges from the left dorsal part of vesica. Gonopore located dorsally, at base of diverticulum, with sclerotized plate and collar-like fold expanding laterally. Cornuti unequal, ventral one shorter, thicker and curved, dorsal one long, slender, sharp-tipped and only slightly curved. Acanthae present in small area on dorsal part, near gonopore, and scarcely around attachment areas of cornuti.
Female
A drawing by Razowski (1970: pl. 112, fig. 3) may represent the female genitalia of a specimen of this species from the Pyrenees.
Molecular data(Table 1, Fig. 9)
BIN URI: BOLD:ACA9598. The intraspecific divergence of the barcode region is unknown (n =1). The minimum distance to the nearest neighbour, P. cantabriana sp. nov. is 3.69%.
Ecology
Preimaginal stages and larval host plant are unknown. According to the label data, the moths fly from the middle of July to the beginning of August. Guenée (1846) reported May and June. The habitat of the neotype was alpine meadows above the tree-line, but based on supplementary material this species also occurs at lower altitudes.
Distribution(Fig. 10)
Pyrenees. All previous records from other mountains need revision.
Remarks
The erroneous type locality of “ Dalecarlia ” in the original description of P. frigidana is a major hindrance in the interpretation of this taxon. Therefore, in order to maintain the stability of the nomenclature, we have designated a neotype for Eupoecilia frigidana in accordance with past usage of this name for populations from the Pyrenees (Razowski 1970), with Cochylis flavidana and C. andorrana as junior synonyms (Razowski 2002).
description: Published as part of Zlatkov, Boyan & Huemer, Peter, 2017, Allopatric cryptic diversity in the alpine species complex Phtheochroa frigidana s. lat. (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), pp. 1-25 in European Journal of Taxonomy 368 (368) on pages 14-18, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2017.368, http://zenodo.org/record/3838412