Size-segregated particulate matter and its association with respiratory deposition doses among outdoor exercisers in Dhanbad city, India
Creators: name: Gupta, Sunil Kumar
name: Elumalai, Suresh Pandian
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Regular exercise improves physiological processes and yields positive health outcomes. However, it is relatively less known that PM exposure during outdoor exercises may increase several respiratory health problems depending on PM levels. In this study, the respiratory deposition doses (RDDs) in head airway (HD), tracheobronchial (TB) and alveolar (AL) regions of various PM size fractions (PM<sub>10</sub>, PM<sub>2.5</sub> and PM<sub>1</sub>) were estimated in healthy males and females exercisers in urban outdoor and within house premise. The highest RDDs were found for PM during morning hour in winter compared to remaining periods. RDDs in AL region for males and female, respectively, were 34.7×10<sup>−2</sup> µgmin<sup>−1</sup> and 28.8×10<sup>−2</sup> µgmin<sup>−1</sup> for PM<sub>10</sub>, 65.7×10<sup>−2</sup> µgmin<sup>−1</sup> and 56.9×10<sup>−2</sup> µgmin<sup>−1</sup> for PM<sub>2.5</sub> and 76.5×10<sup>−2</sup> µgmin<sup>−1</sup> and 66.3×10<sup>−2</sup> µgmin<sup>−1</sup> for PM<sub>1.</sub> The value in parentheses is shown the female candidate. The RDDs value in AL region being significantly higher 27% in PM<sub>1</sub> compared with PM<sub>2.5</sub> (13%) and PM<sub>10</sub> (2%) during exercise in all periods. This result showed the morning rush hours in winter is more harmful to urban outdoor exercisers compared to other periods. This study also showed the AL region would have been the main affected zone through fine particle (PM<sub>1</sub>) to all the exercisers. ImplicationsSize-segregated particles concentration in urban outdoor and within house premises weremeasured. The highest respiratory deposition doses (RDDs) was found for PM during morninghour in winter compared to remaining periods. During light exercise, the RDDs value in alveolar (AL) region for PM10, PM2.5 and PM1 for males being significantly higher 20.4%, 15.5% and 15.4% compared with females exercisers during morning peak hours in winter, respectively. Implications Size-segregated particles concentration in urban outdoor and within house premises were measured. The highest respiratory deposition doses (RDDs) was found for PM during morning hour in winter compared to remaining periods. During light exercise, the RDDs value in alveolar (AL) region for PM10, PM2.5 and PM1 for males being significantly higher 20.4%, 15.5% and 15.4% compared with females exercisers during morning peak hours in winter, respectively.