cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Anisotropic solid dark energy
Creators: name: Motoa-Manzano, J.
name: Orjuela-Quintana, J. Bayron
name: Pereira, Thiago S.
name: Valenzuela-Toledo, César A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we study a triad of inhomogeneous scalar fields, known as "solid", as a source of homogeneous but anisotropic dark energy. By using a dynamical system approach, we find that anisotropic accelerated solutions can be realized as attractor points for suitable choices of the parameters of the model. We complement the dynamical analysis with a numerical solution whose initial conditions are set in the deep radiation epoch. The model can give an account of a non-negligible spatial shear within the observational bounds nowadays, even when the later is set to zero at early times. However, we find that there is a particular region in the parameter space of the model in which the Universe isotropizes. The anisotropic attractors, the particular isotropic region, and a nearly constant equation of state of dark energy very close to $- 1$ are key features of this scenario. Following a similar approach, we also analyzed the full isotropic version of the model. We find that the solid can be characterized by a constant equation of state and thus being able to simulate the behavior of a cosmological constant.
description: LaTeX file in RevTeX 4.1 style, 14 pages, 6 figures. V2: typos corrected, a few clarifying comments added and references added. Matches the published version
Data-driven Nonlinear Model Reduction using Koopman Theory: Integrated Control Form and NMPC Case Study
Creators: name: Schulze, Jan C.
name: Mitsos, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We use Koopman theory for data-driven model reduction of nonlinear dynamical systems with controls. We propose generic model structures combining delay-coordinate encoding of measurements and full-state decoding to integrate reduced Koopman modeling and state estimation. We present a deep-learning approach to train the proposed models. A case study demonstrates that our approach provides accurate control models and enables real-time capable nonlinear model predictive control of a high-purity cryogenic distillation column.
Probing Heliospheric Asymmetries with an MHD-kinetic Model
Creators: name: Pogorelov, Nikolai V.
name: Heerikhuisen, Jacob
name: Zank, Gary P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: New solar wind data from the Voyager 1 and Voyager 2 spacecraft, together with the SOHO SWAN measurements of the direction that neutral hydrogen enters into the inner heliosheath and neutral helium measurements provided by multiple observations are expected to provide more reliable constraints on the ionization ratio of the local interstellar medium (LISM) and the direction and magnitude of the interstellar magnetic field (ISMF). In this paper we use currently the most sophisticated numerical model of the heliospheric interface, which is based on an MHD treatment of the ion flow and kinetic modeling of neutral particles, to analyze an ISMF-induced asymmetry of the heliosphere in the presence of the interplanetary magnetic field and neutral particles. It is shown that secondary hydrogen atoms modify the LISM properties leading to its shock-free deceleration at the heliopause. We determine the deflection of hydrogen atoms from their original trajectory in the unperturbed LISM and show that it occurs not only in the plane defined by the ISMF and LISM velocity vectors, but also, to a lesser extent, perpendicular to this plane. We also consider the possibility of using 2-3 kHz radio emission data to further constrain the ISMF direction.
description: Paper accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal Letters
Simulating Effective QED on Quantum Computers
Creators: name: Stetina, Torin F.
name: Ciavarella, Anthony
name: Li, Xiaosong
name: Wiebe, Nathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In recent years simulations of chemistry and condensed materials has emerged as one of the preeminent applications of quantum computing, offering an exponential speedup for the solution of the electronic structure for certain strongly correlated electronic systems. To date, most treatments have ignored the question of whether relativistic effects, which are described most generally by quantum electrodynamics (QED), can also be simulated on a quantum computer in polynomial time. Here we show that effective QED, which is equivalent to QED to second order in perturbation theory, can be simulated in polynomial time under reasonable assumptions while properly treating all four components of the wavefunction of the fermionic field. In particular, we provide a detailed analysis of such simulations in position and momentum basis using Trotter-Suzuki formulas. We find that the number of $T$-gates needed to perform such simulations on a $3D$ lattice of $n_s$ sites scales at worst as $O(n_s^3/ε)^{1+o(1)}$ in the thermodynamic limit for position basis simulations and $O(n_s^{4+2/3}/ε)^{1+o(1)}$ in momentum basis. We also find that qubitization scales slightly better with a worst case scaling of $\widetilde{O}(n_s^{2+2/3}/ε)$ for lattice eQED and complications in the prepare circuit leads to a slightly worse scaling in momentum basis of $\widetilde{O}(n_s^{5+2/3}/ε)$. We further provide concrete gate counts for simulating a relativistic version of the uniform electron gas that show challenging problems can be simulated using fewer than $10^{13}$ non-Clifford operations and also provide a detailed discussion of how to prepare multi-reference configuration interaction states in effective QED which can provide a reasonable initial guess for the ground state. Finally, we estimate the planewave cutoffs needed to accurately simulate heavy elements such as gold.
description: 44 pages, 11 figures; Adds more citations and additional clarification throughout the manuscript, format changes for Quantum journal, typos fixed and equations reformatted
Relationship Quality and Innovation Capacity of Chains: The Case of the Traditional Food Sector in the EU
Creators: name: Gellynck, Xavier
name: Kühne, Bianka
name: Weaver, Robert D.
Publisher: name: CentMA
Year: 2011
Subjects: innovation capacity; chain relationship quality; traditional food products; SMEs; different chain relationship directions

description: The purpose of the paper is to explore how the perceived relationship quality is related to the innovation capacity in chains of the traditional food sector. Based on suggestions from theory and previous studies, empirical evidence is drawn from a survey of 90 traditional food chains including 270 chain partners from three European countries in four traditional food product categories. Heterogeneity across these chains is first examined based on cluster analysis that identifies three distinct clusters interpreted as reflecting three levels of intensity in innovation capacity: high, medium, and low. Next, we define measures of the chain relationship quality through characteristics such as trust, conflict and reputation. Results suggest that various aspects of chain relationship quality and relationship directions are differently important for the innovation capacity levels in traditional food chains. In particular the perception of the relationship quality between the food manufacturer and its supplier (and vice versa) is explored to be important. The better this relationship is perceived by one chain partner, the higher is the innovation capacity of the whole chain. Thus, our results strengthen the emerging conclusion that firms benefit from participating in networks but depend on its partner’s choices and perceptions. In future research, it should be explored how different national and cultural environments facilitate or hamper the innovation capacity in traditional food chains. It is also suggested to extend the complexity of the investigated system and to apply our novel approach to other food sectors, than the traditional food sector, in order to improve its generalizability.
description: International Journal on Food System Dynamics, Vol 2, No 1 (2011)
ВЕСЕННИЙ СТОК ТАЛЫХ ВОД НА ЮГЕ НЕЧЕРНОЗЕМЬЯ
Creators: name: ВЫПОВА А.В.
name: БАРАБАНОВ А.Т.
name: ПЕТЕЛЬКО А.И.
Publisher: name: Земледелие
Year: 2021
Subjects: ПОЧВА
ЭРОЗИЯ
СНЕГОТАЯНИЕ
ПРОМЕРЗАНИЕ
ОСАДКИ
СТОК ТАЛЫХ ВОД
КОЭФФИЦИЕНТ СТОКА
ВОДНЫЙ БАЛАНС
SOIL
EROSION
SNOW MELTING
FREEZING
PRECIPITATION
MELTWATER RUNOFF
RUNOFF COEFFICIENT
WATER BALANCE

description: Эксперименты выполняли с целью выявления причин и закономерностей формирования поверхностного стока талых вод на различных агрофонах, а также их влияния на эрозионно-гидрологические процессы на склоновых землях. Теоретические основы и практические рекомендации по повышению эффективности адаптивно-ландшафтного земледелия в Орловской области Нечерноземной зоны разрабатывали в 1991-2016 гг. Исследования проводили водно-балансовым методом на стоковых площадках на делянках с зяблевой вспашкой поперек склона и с уплотненной пашней (многолетние травы, озимые). Снегоотложение на разных агрофонах, промерзание и влажность почвы, сток талых вод во время весеннего снеготаяния учитывали ежегодно. Ведущими природными факторами весеннего стока оказались глубина промерзания, влажность почвы и запасы воды в снеге. За 26 лет наблюдений (1991-2016 гг.) слой стока на зяблевой вспашке в среднем составил 4,0 мм, на уплотнённой пашне - в 2 раза больше (8,3 мм). Очевидно более значительное влияние зяблевой вспашки на гидрологический режим, по сравнению с уплотнённой пашней. В годы с высоким поверхностным стоком (1991, 1994-1997, 2000, 2003) на фоне зяблевой вспашки он был несколько меньше и варьировал от 0,3 до 37,0 мм. Величина этого показателя на уплотненной пашне в указанные годы находилась в пределах 1,9...50,0 мм. За весь период наблюдений интенсивный сток отмечен только в 1994 г., когда на зяби он составил 37мм, что на 13 мм меньше, чем на фоне с уплотненной пашней.
Polarized quark distributions in nuclear matter
Creators: name: Smith, Jason R.
name: Miller, Gerald A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the polarized quark distribution function of a bound nucleon. The Chiral Quark-Soliton model provides the quark and antiquark substructure of the nucleon embedded in nuclear matter. Nuclear effects cause significant modifications to the polarized distributions including an enhancement of the axial coupling constant.
description: 5 Pages, 2 Postscript figures, Version to be published in Phys. Rev. C
High-accuracy estimation of magnetic field strength in the interstellar medium from dust polarization
Creators: name: Skalidis, Raphael
name: Tassis, Konstantinos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dust polarization is a powerful tool for studying the magnetic field properties in the interstellar medium (ISM). However, it does not provide a direct measurement of its strength. Different methods havebeen developed which employ both polarization and spectroscopic data in order to infer the field strength. The most widely applied methods have been developed by Davis (1951), Chandrasekhar & Fermi (1953) (DCF), Hildebrand et al. (2009) and Houde et al.(2009) (HH09). They rely on the assumption that isotropic turbulent motions initiate the propagation of Alvfén waves. Observations,however, indicate that turbulence in the ISM is anisotropic and non-Alfvénic (compressible) modes may be important. Our goal is to develop a new method for estimating the field strength in the ISM, which includes the compressible modes and does not contradict the anisotropic properties of turbulence. We use simple energetics arguments that take into account the compressible modes to estimate the strength of the magnetic field. We derive the following equation: $B_{0}=\sqrt{2 πρ} δv /\sqrt{δθ}$, where $ρ$ is the gas density, $δv$ is the rms velocity as derived from the spread of emission lines, and $δθ$ is the dispersion of polarization angles. We produce synthetic observations from 3D MHD simulationsand we assess the accuracy of our method by comparing the true field strength with the estimates derived from our equation. We find a mean relative deviation of $17 \%$. The accuracy of our method does not depend on the turbulence properties of the simulated model. In contrast DCF and HH09 systematically overestimate the field strength. HH09 produces accurate results only for simulations with high sonic Mach numbers.
description: Accepted for publication to Astronomy & Astrophysics
Multicanonical Simulations of the Tails of the Order-Parameter Distribution of the Two-Dimensional Ising Model
Creators: name: Hilfer, Rudolf
name: Biswal, Bibhu
name: Mattutis, Hans-Georg
name: Janke, Wolfhard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report multicanonical Monte Carlo simulations of the tails of the order-parameter distribution of the two-dimensional Ising model for fixed boundary conditions. Clear numerical evidence for "fat" stretched exponential tails is found below the critical temperature, indicating the possible presence of fat tails at the critical temperature.
description: 4 pages, elsart3.cls (included), 5 postscript figures, author information under http://www.physik.uni-leipzig.de/index.php?id=22
Networking in Meat Production Systems: The Influence of Cooperative Structures on Farmers’ Participation
Creators: name: Deimel, Mark
name: Theuvsen, Ludwig
Publisher: name: CentMA
Year: 2011
Subjects: cooperatives; information exchange; meat production; network relationships; relationship quality

description: Against the background of increasing competitive pressures and growing requirements with regard to food quality and safety, the significance of network-wide collaboration in food production has been pointed out in recent years. With this in mind, it is the objective of this paper to analyse pig farmers’ network participation in general and to explore whether cooperative structures in food supply chains influence the type as well as the quality of farmers’ network relations. Our results show that cooperative structures influence pig fattening farmers’ network participation concerning relationship quality with slaughterhouses as well as farmers’ choice of network partners for information exchange and consultancy. Furthermore, the results show that farmers delivering to cooperatively owned processors evaluate the relationship with their slaughterhouses significantly better than farmers dealing with private slaughterhouses. The results provide cooperatives with starting points for developing attractive services for farmers and improving their relationships with their suppliers.
description: International Journal on Food System Dynamics, Vol 2, No 1 (2011)
Willingness to Pay for Beef Quality Attributes: Combining Mixed Logit and Latent Segmentation Approach
Creators: name: Chung, Chanjin
name: Briggeman, Brian C.
name: Han, Sungill
name: Chung, Chanjin
name: Briggeman, Brian C.
name: Han, Sungill
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: Farm Management

description: This study develops an alternative way of identifying the heterogeneity of WTP estimates for product attributes. The alternative approach combines mixed logit models with a latent segmentation method (MLS). First, the combined MLS approach estimates a mixed logit model and retrieve individual specific parameter estimates based on individual specific posterior distribution derived from the individual sequence of observed choices in the conjoint experiments. Second, WTPs of each choice variables are computed for each individual using the marginal rate of substitution between economic and choice variables. Finally, latent segmentation is conducted based on WTPs, individual perceptions on quality attributes, and demographic characteristics, and WTPs are compared among segments. The MLS approach is applied for estimating willingness to pay for beef quality attributes and country-of-origin in the Korea market. The MLS approach allows us to identify various clusters based on people’s preferences and demographics, and provide estimates of willingness to pay for beef quality attributes and country-of-origin for these clusters.
Stability of Dusty Rings in Protoplanetary Discs
Creators: name: Chan, Kevin
name: Paardekooper, Sijme-Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dust rings in protoplanetary discs are often observed in thermal dust emission and could be favourable environments for planet formation. While dust rings readily form in gas pressure maxima, their long-term stability is key to both their observability and potential to assist in planet formation. We investigate the stability of the dust ring generated by interactions of a protoplanetary disc with a Neptune sized planet and consider its possible long term evolution using the FARGO3D Multifluid code. We look at the onset of the Rossby Wave Instability (RWI) and compare how the addition of dust in a disc can alter the stability of the gas phase. We find that with the addition of dust, the rings generated by planet disc interactions are more prone to RWI and can cause the gas phase to become unstable. The instability is shown to occur more easily for higher Stokes number dust, as it accumulates into a more narrow ring which triggers the RWI, while the initial dust fraction plays a more minor role in the stability properties. We show that the dusty RWI generates vortices that collect dust in their cores, which could be sites for further planetesimal formation. We conclude that the addition of dust can cause a ring in a protoplanetary disc to become more prone to instability leading to a different long term evolution compared to gas only simulations of the RWI.
description: 20 pages, 28 figures
Deeply Virtual Compton Scattering with CLAS12
Creators: name: Elouadrhiri, Latifa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An overview is given about the capabilities provided by the JLab 12 GeV Upgrade to measure deeply virtual exclusive processes with high statistics and covering a large kinematics range in the parameters that are needed to allow reconstruction of a spatial image of the nucleon's quark structure. The measurements planned with CLAS12 will cross section asymmetries with polarized beams and with longitudinally and transversely polarized proton targets in the constrained kinematics $x = \pm ξ$. In addition, unpolarized DVCS cross sections, and doubly polarized beam target asymmetries will be measured as well. In this talk only the beam and target asymmetries will be discussed.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, talk presented at the Workshop on Deeply Exclusive Processes, Jefferson Lab, 2007
Municipal Land Use and the Financial Viability of Schools
Creators: name: Adelaja, Adesoji O.
name: Gibson, Melissa
name: Adelaja, Adesoji O.
name: Gibson, Melissa
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Public Economics
subject: Optimal lot size
subject: zoning
subject: school finances
subject: district revenues and costs

description: Local schools are primarily funded through local property tax revenues, which are tied to property values and the distribution of value ranges within a community. Values, in turn, depend on the mix of lot sizes and building attributes (improvement characteristics), which are affected by zoning. Since lot size restrictions limit the size characteristics of homes (bedrooms, garages, building square footage, etc), it should constrain the number of school age kids emanating from a given homestead and that a school district services. Each home, depending on lot size, should exhibit differential impacts on school district revenues. Similarly, if lot size and the magnitude of other housing characteristics impact on the number of kids emanating from a home, then each home would generate differential costs on the school district. This paper argues that the number of school age kids from a given home is endogenous to lot size. It therefore posits that an optimal lot size exists within a community that would maximize school district revenues, minimize school district costs or optimize the combination of both. A theoretical framework is developed to guide the specification of net revenue functions for school districts. By applying data from a school district in Michigan, net revenue functions are estimated as functions of lot size and other exogenous factors. The result suggests that net revenue is only feasibly optimal at lot sizes below approximately 0.18 acres. One implication is that school districts, which typically do not engage themselves in the process of local land use decision making, might consider the promotion of density and compact development as being in their best interest.
The Sustainability of Intensive Livestock Areas (ILAS): Network System and Conflict Potential from the Perspective of Animal Farmers
Creators: name: Otten, Dennis
name: Van Den Weghe, Herman F.A.
Publisher: name: CentMA
Year: 2011

description: The present study has determined the perceived consequences of an ILA on the production conditions of livestock farming systems based on the advantages of an agglomerated agri-food industry and the disadvantages of an increasing livestock concentration. It became obvious that the benefits of such ILAs can be understood according to their human and social capital. These elements, however, are both associated with a low geographic responsiveness to any increase in problems and so cause land use conflicts to increase. Their perception of the effects of being located within an ILA caused the livestock farmers in this survey to consider their production conditions more when formulating their demands with respect to policies concerning regional development and land use planning. Understanding this type of perception may help to counter current problems and to enhance the success of structural policies in ILAs.
description: International Journal on Food System Dynamics, Vol 2, No 1 (2011)
ОЦЕНКА ЭЛЕМЕНТНОГО ХИМИЧЕСКОГО СОСТАВА ЛЕКАРСТВЕННОГО СЫРЬЯ ACHILLEA MILLEFOLIUM L. И ECHINACEA PURPUREA L. ПРИ ВНЕСЕНИИ В ПОЧВУ ЦИНКА И МЕДИ
Creators: name: ЕРМОХИН Ю.И.
name: СУХОЦКАЯ В.В.
name: ЖАРКОВА Н.Н.
Publisher: name: Земледелие
Year: 2021
Subjects: ТЫСЯЧЕЛИСТНИК ОБЫКНОВЕННЫЙ (ACHILLEA MILLEFOLIUM L.)
ЭХИНАЦЕЯ ПУРПУРНАЯ (ECHINACEA PURPUREA L.)
ХИМИЧЕСКИЙ СОСТАВ
ЛЕКАРСТВЕННОЕ РАСТИТЕЛЬНОЕ СЫРЬЕ
МИКРОЭЛЕМЕНТЫ
ЦИНК
МЕДЬ
YARROW (ACHILLEA MILLEFOLIUM L.)
PURPLE CONEFLOWER (ECHINACEA PURPUREA L.)
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION
MEDICINAL PLANT MATERIALS
TRACE ELEMENTS
ZINC
COPPER

description: Исследования проводили в 2012-2018 гг. на лугово-чернозёмной почве в Омской области. Цель работы - определить содержание и особенности накопления цинка и меди в лекарственных растениях при внесении в почву микроудобрений (цинковых и медных) для установления оптимальных уровней и соотношений микроэлементов. Объектами исследований служили тысячелистник обыкновенный (Achillea millefolium L.) сорта White Beauty и эхинацея пурпурная (Echinacea purpurea L.) сорта Знахарь. Предшественник - чистый пар. Полевые опыты с тысячелистником обыкновенным проводили в 2012-2015 гг., с эхинацеей пурпурной - в 2016-2018 гг. Схема опыта включала следующие варианты: под тысячелистник цинк вносили в дозах 20; 40; 60; 80 кг д.в./ га, медь - 2,4; 4,9; 7,2; 9,7 кг д.в./га на фоне Nt35P4iK45; под эхинацею цинк - 10,7; 21,4; 32,4; -42,8 кг д.в./га; медь - 2,3; 4,7; 7,0; 9,4 кг д.в./га на фоне N125, контроль -без удобрений. Использование цинковых и медных удобрений в основное внесение под изучаемые лекарственные культуры способствовало повышению накопления в их продукции подвижных форм цинка и меди. В среднем за годы исследований в опытах с тысячелистником обыкновенным и эхинацеей пурпурной 1 кг Zn удобрений повышал содержание этого элемента в растениях на 0,30 и 0,38 мг/кг соответственно, Cu - на 0,07 и 0,03 мг/кг; а 1 кг Cu удобрений увеличивал концентрацию Cu - на 0,47 и 0,23 мг/кг, Zn - на 1,40 и I,26 мг/кг соответственно. В целом между изучаемыми микроэлементами отмечали синергические отношения.
Mixed methods and lower eigenvalue bounds
Creators: name: Gallistl, Dietmar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65N25

description: It is shown how mixed finite element methods for symmetric positive definite eigenvalue problems related to partial differential operators can provide guaranteed lower eigenvalue bounds. The method is based on a classical compatibility condition (inclusion of kernels) of the mixed scheme and on local constants related to compact embeddings, which are often known explicitly. Applications include scalar second-order elliptic operators, linear elasticity, and the Steklov eigenvalue problem.
Sustainable Relations in International Development Cooperation Projects: The Role of Organizational Climate
Creators: name: Rota, Cosimo
name: Zanasi, Cesare
Publisher: name: CentMA
Year: 2011
Subjects: relations sustainability; organizational climate; organizational effectiveness; project management; project success

description: The importance of the human side of project management to assess the success of international development project has not been fully considered yet. An analysis of the literature on the project success definition, focused on the success criteria and success factors, was carried out. The organization’s effectiveness, in terms of Relations Sustainability, emerged as a criteria integrating the "time, cost, performance" approach to define a project success. Based on previous research contributions on the factors influencing the organization’s effectiveness, the paper expands the analysis of the influence of Organizational Climate on the Relation Sustainability between project manager and project team involved in international cooperation for development. The statistical methods used include confirmatory factors analysis and structural equation modeling. The results carry implications for project management identifying five dimensions of Organizational Climate (trust, innovation, social cohesion, communication and job challenge) influencing Relations Sustainability. This finding suggests that Organizational Climate contributes to project success by creating trust, stimulating commitment and generating satisfaction to overcome conflicts between project manager and project team.
description: International Journal on Food System Dynamics, Vol 2, No 1 (2011)
Predicted gene expression in ancestrally diverse populations leads to discovery of susceptibility loci for lifestyle and cardiometabolic traits
Creators: name: Wojcik, G.L.
name: Hindorff, L.A.
name: Haessler, J.
name: Boerwinkle, E.
name: Graff, M.
name: Avery, C.L.
name: Peters, U.
name: Huckins, L.M.
name: Tao, R.
name: North, K.E.
name: Fornage, M.
name: Haiman, C.A.
name: Li, Y.
name: Stram, D.O.
name: Le Marchand, L.
name: Carlson, C.S.
name: Stahl, E.A.
name: Kenny, E.E.
name: Bien, S.A.
name: Cheng, I.
name: Baldassari, A.R.
name: Buyske, S.
name: Lin, D.
name: Kooperberg, C.
name: Gignoux, C.R.
name: Matise, T.C.
name: Young, K.L.
name: Highland, H.M.
name: Hodonsky, C.J.
name: Nishimura, K.K.
name: Loos, R.J.
name: Lin, B.M.
name: Ambite, J.L.
name: Justice, A.E.
name: Hu, Y.
name: Cote, A.C.
Publisher: name: Cell Press
Year: 2022

description: One mechanism by which genetic factors influence complex traits and diseases is altering gene expression. Direct measurement of gene expression in relevant tissues is rarely tenable; however, genetically regulated gene expression (GReX) can be estimated using prediction models derived from large multi-omic datasets. These approaches have led to the discovery of many gene-trait associations, but whether models derived from predominantly European ancestry (EA) reference panels can map novel associations in ancestrally diverse populations remains unclear. We applied PrediXcan to impute GReX in 51,520 ancestrally diverse Population Architecture using Genomics and Epidemiology (PAGE) participants (35% African American, 45% Hispanic/Latino, 10% Asian, and 7% Hawaiian) across 25 key cardiometabolic traits and relevant tissues to identify 102 novel associations. We then compared associations in PAGE to those in a random subset of 50,000 White British participants from UK Biobank (UKBB50k) for height and body mass index (BMI). We identified 517 associations across 47 tissues in PAGE but not UKBB50k, demonstrating the importance of diverse samples in identifying trait-associated GReX. We observed that variants used in PrediXcan models were either more or less differentiated across continental-level populations than matched-control variants depending on the specific population reflecting sampling bias. Additionally, variants from identified genes specific to either PAGE or UKBB50k analyses were more ancestrally differentiated than those in genes detected in both analyses, underlining the value of population-specific discoveries. This suggests that while EA-derived transcriptome imputation models can identify new associations in non-EA populations, models derived from closely matched reference panels may yield further insights. Our findings call for more diversity in reference datasets of tissue-specific gene expression.
ОЦЕНКА ВЛИЯНИЯ ВОДОРЕГУЛИРУЮЩЕЙ ЛЕСНОЙ ПОЛОСЫ НА ВПИТЫВАЮЩУЮ СПОСОБНОСТЬ ПОЧВЫ
Creators: name: ТИТОВ А.Г.
name: ВЫТОВТОВ В.А.
name: ПРУЩИК А.В.
name: СУХАНОВСКИЙ Ю.П.
Publisher: name: Земледелие
Year: 2021
Subjects: ЧЕРНОЗЁМ ТИПИЧНЫЙ
ВПИТЫВАЮЩАЯ СПОСОБНОСТЬ ПОЧВЫ
МЕТОД ДОЖДЕВАНИЯ
ДОЖДЕВАЛЬНАЯ УСТАНОВКА
ВОДОРЕГУЛИРУЮЩИЕ ЛЕСНЫЕ ПОЛОСЫ
МНОГОЛЕТНИЙ ПОЛЕВОЙ ОПЫТ
КУРСКАЯ ОБЛАСТЬ
TYPICAL CHERNOZEM
SOIL ABSORPTION CAPACITY
SPRINKLING METHOD
SPRINKLER
WATER-REGULATING FOREST BELT
LONG-TERM FIELD EXPERIMENT
KURSK REGION

description: Исследования с целью изучения влияния водорегулирующей лесной полосы на впитывающую способность почвы проводили на склоне западной экспозиции в полевом опыте по контурно-мелиоративному земледелию, заложенном на площади 146 га в 1982 г. в Курской области. Почва опытного участка - чернозём типичный среднемощный тяжелосуглинистый. Впитывающую способность определяли методом дождевания с использованием портативной дождевальной установки. Монолиты для дождевания отбирали в конце второй декады апреля с использованием металлических цилиндров высотой 0,203±0,002м и площадью 0,049±0,001 м2 на удалении 10,50 и 108 м выше и ниже по склону от лесной полосы, имевшей протяженность 194 м. Дождевание проводили в лабораторных условиях. Определяли плотность и влажность почвы, интенсивность дождя и количество воды, стекающей с поверхности. Результаты статистического анализа данных для всех расстояний удаленности от лесной полосы свидетельствуют о том, что величины плотности почвы (1,20±0,05 г/см3) и её влажности (24,4±0,9 %) варьируют в пределах погрешности 4 %, впитывающая способность почвы (0,71±0,13 мм/мин) в пределах погрешности 18 %. Лесная полоса не оказывает влияния на эти факторы. Для установления количественных зависимостей величин этих показателей от расстояния до лесной полосы необходимы более точные методы измерений. В качестве примера применения результатов исследований для естественных дождей проведен расчёт слоя поверхностного стока при выпадении на почву экстремального дождя.
Light-induced Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interactions in antiferromagnetic metals
Creators: name: Hanslin, Sander Ø.
name: Qaiumzadeh, Alireza
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya (DM) interaction plays an essential role in novel topological spintronics, and the ability to control this chiral interaction is of key importance. Developing a general microscopic framework to compute nonequilibrium DM interactions, we theoretically show that the ac electric field component of a laser pulse induces nonequilibrium static DM interactions in an antiferromagnetic (AFM) system in the presence of relativistic spin-orbit coupling. These nonequilibrium DM interactions might even be anisotropic depending on the direction of magnetic moments and the laser pulse polarization. We further show that intense polarized laser pulses can in principle generate both classes of DM interactions, i.e., bulk-type and interfacial-type, in a magnetic system even though the crystal symmetry prohibits one of them in equilibrium. Our results reveal another aspect of rich behavior of periodically driven spin systems and the far-from-equilibrium magnetic systems.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
PROSPECTS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF A DIAGNOSTIC ALGORITHM FOR THE MAIN CLINICAL SIGNS OF MUCOPOLYSACCHARIDOSIS
Creators: name: Sharofutdinov, K.Q.
name: Aripov, A.N.
name: Aripov, O.A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Mycopolysaccharidoses are a group of rare lysosomal accumulation diseases that exhibit numerous organic and severe symptoms. Although they are relatively rare, mucopolysaccharidoses are found all over the world in various forms. The manifestation of this serious disease in childhood or the appearance in children indicates a more serious problem Early diagnosis of mucopolysaccharidosis at an asymptomatic stage can be effective for preserving organic functions and improving results. However, delayed diagnosis is common due to the latent onset of the disease and limitations of sensitive laboratory parameters [1,2,3]. As a result, it is extremely important to study new diagnostic methods based on molecular mechanisms and pathological changes caused by mucopolysaccharidoses. In this regard, the presented manuscript examines the main clinical signs specific to each type, which are most often found in the diagnosis of mucopolysaccharidosis [4,5, 6].
Hanbury Brown Twiss effect for ultracold quantum gases
Creators: name: Schellekens, M.
name: Hoppeler, R.
name: Perrin, A.
name: Gomes, J. Viana
name: Boiron, D.
name: Aspect, A.
name: Westbrook, C. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have studied 2-body correlations of atoms in an expanding cloud above and below the Bose-Einstein condensation threshold. The observed correlation function for a thermal cloud shows a bunching behavior, while the correlation is flat for a coherent sample. These quantum correlations are the atomic analogue of the Hanbury Brown Twiss effect. We observe the effect in three dimensions and study its dependence on cloud size.
description: Figure 1 available
What Drives Agricultural Profitability in the U.S.: Application of the DuPont Expansion Model
Creators: name: Mishra, Ashok K.
name: Harris, James Michael
name: Erickson, Kenneth W.
name: Hallahan, Charles B.
name: Mishra, Ashok K.
name: Harris, James Michael
name: Erickson, Kenneth W.
name: Hallahan, Charles B.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: Farm Management

description: This study uses a financial approach based on the DuPont expansion to examine the significance of specialization and vertical integration on domestic agriculture. The traditional DuPont Expansion decomposes the rate of return to equity into asset efficiency, gross margins, and solvency. We hypothesize that agricultural specialization directly affects the asset efficiency and gross margin of the farm. Specifically, specialization would tend to decrease asset efficiency while increasing the gross margin. On the other hand, vertical integration may affect the gross margin and solvency directly. The effect on solvency would result from the integrator’s use of credit as an incentive. However, the general type of agricultural enterprise integrated may also have implications for asset efficiency. Specifically, livestock operations may tend to have greater asset efficiency than crops. We estimate a system of equations in log space using annual farm-level data from the USDA’s ARMS data, 1996-2006. We include all production regions in the contiguous 48 states, and all farms. We find that specialization and vertical integration are among the key factors driving farm profitability in the U.S.
Effect of receptor clustering on chemotactic performance of Escherichia coli: sensing versus adaptation
Creators: name: Mandal, Shobhan Dev
name: Chatterjee, Sakuntala
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cell Behavior (q-bio.CB)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show how the competition between sensing and adaptation can result in a performance peak in E.coli chemotaxis using extensive numerical simulations in a detailed theoretical model. Receptor clustering amplifies the input signal coming from ligand binding which enhances chemotactic efficiency. But large clusters also induce large fluctuations in total activity since the number of clusters go down. The activity and hence the run-tumble motility now gets controlled by methylation levels which are part of adaptation module, rather than ligand binding. This reduces chemotactic efficiency.
Unusual Pulsed X-ray Emission from the Young, High Magnetic Field Pulsar PSR J1119-6127
Creators: name: Gonzalez, M. E.
name: Kaspi, V. M.
name: Camilo, F.
name: Gaensler, B. M.
name: Pivovaroff, M. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present XMM-Newton observations of the radio pulsar PSR J1119-6127, which has an inferred age of 1,700 yr and surface dipole magnetic field strength of 4.1x10^13 G. We report the first detection of pulsed X-ray emission from PSR J1119-6127. In the 0.5--2.0 keV range, the pulse profile shows a narrow peak with a very high pulsed fraction of (74 +/- 14)%. In the 2.0--10.0 keV range, the upper limit for the pulsed fraction is 28% (99% confidence). The pulsed emission is well described by a thermal blackbody model with a temperature of T^{\infty} = 2.4^{+0.3}_{-0.2}x10^6 K and emitting radius of 3.4^{+1.8}_{-0.3} km (at a distance of 8.4 kpc). Atmospheric models result in problematic estimates for the distance/emitting area. PSR J1119-6127 is now the radio pulsar with smallest characteristic age from which thermal X-ray emission has been detected. The combined temporal and spectral characteristics of this emission are unlike those of other radio pulsars detected at X-ray energies and challenge current models of thermal emission from neutron stars.
description: 7 pages and 2 figures. Accepted by ApJ
Concerns for Fairness and Preferences for Organic Food
Creators: name: Chang, Jae Bong
name: Lusk, Jayson L.
name: Chang, Jae Bong
name: Lusk, Jayson L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety

description: Recent findings from behavioral economics suggest people are concerned about the fairness and inequality in simple distribution experiments. This study sought to determine whether such considerations also carry over to food choice. A conjoint-type experiment was developed and administered to a random sample of the U.S. population via mail survey to determine whether consumers, when purchasing food products, are concerned about the distribution of benefits across the participants in the agricultural supply chain (small farmers, large farmers, agribusiness, supermarkets, and the consumer) and to determine the extent to which the fairness models proposed in the general economics literature (and variants on these models) explain food choice. Results indicate that, aside from themselves, people prefer small farmers to receive the largest benefit from food purchase. The inequality aversion models proposed in the general economics literature do not exhibit much explanatory power, unless modified in non-trivial ways to fit the context of food. Finally, we find that preferences for distribution of benefits, along with measured beliefs about the relative distribution of benefits accruing to producers of organic and conventional foods, is a significant factor explaining consumer willingness-to-pay a premium for organic food.
An N-body population synthesis framework for the formation of moons around Jupiter-like planets
Creators: name: Cilibrasi, Marco
name: Szulágyi, Judit
name: Grimm, Simon L.
name: Mayer, Lucio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The moons of giant planets are believed to form in situ in Circumplanetary Discs (CPDs). Here we present an N-body population synthesis framework for satellite formation around a Jupiter-like planet, in which the dust-to-gas ratio, the accretion rate of solids from the Protoplanetary Disc, the number, and the initial positions of protosatellites were randomly chosen from realistic distributions. The disc properties were from 3D radiative simulations sampled in 1D and 2D grids and evolved semi-analytically with time. The N-body satellitesimals accreted mass from the dust component of the disc, interacted gravitationally with each other, experienced close-encounters, both scattering and colliding. With this improved modeling, we found that about $15\%$ of the resulting population is more massive than the Galilean one, and only $8.5\%$ were in resonances. The moons reach Europa's mass most frequently in $10^5$ years. In $10\%$ of the cases, moons are engulfed by the planet, and $1\%$ of the satellite-systems lose at least 1 Earth-mass into the planet, contributing to the giant planet's envelope's heavy element content. In $1\%$ of cases, we found eccentricities and inclinations of moons above 0.1. We examined the differences in outcome between the 1D and 2D disc models and used machine learning (Randomized Dependence Coefficient together with t-SNE) to compare our population with the Galilean system. Detecting our population around known transiting Jupiter-like planets via transits and TTVs would be challenging, but $14\%$ of the moons could be with an instrumental transit sensitivity of $10^{-5}$.
An Update on the Consequences of EU Sugar Reform
Creators: name: Moyo, Sibusiso
name: Spreen, Thomas H.
Publisher: name: CentMA
Year: 2011
Subjects: Impact of EU sugar policy; ACP countries; Sugar trade

description: Since its formation the European Union (EU) has employed a rather complicated policy to ensure high prices to domestic sugar growers and trade preferences to certain sugar exporting countries, e.g. the African Caribbean and Pacific (ACP) group. One result of this policy is that the EU has been both the second largest importer and second largest exporter in the world market. Under pressure from the World Trade Organization (WTO), the EU agreed to reform its policies toward sugar in 2001, with the full effect of the reforms being fully implemented in 2006. In this paper, the impact of the sugar reform on EU production, consumption, imports, and exports is examined especially with regard to how it all affects the ACP countries who receive preferential treatment regarding access to EU sugar markets. Preliminary analysis indicates that lowering domestic EU prices, while quotas requirements for ACP countries remain intact might have negative revenue implications for poor sugar producers.
description: International Journal on Food System Dynamics, Vol 2, No 1 (2011)
ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТЬ ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ БИОПРЕПАРАТОВ В ПОСЕВЕ ОЗИМОЙ ПШЕНИЦЫ НА СВЕТЛО-СЕРОЙ ЛЕСНОЙ ПОЧВЕ
Creators: name: НАКАРЯКОВ А. М.
name: ЗАВАЛИН А.А.
Publisher: name: Земледелие
Year: 2021
Subjects: ОЗИМАЯ ПШЕНИЦА (TRITICUM AESTIVUM L.)
БИОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ПРЕПАРАТЫ
УРОЖАЙНОСТЬ
КАЧЕСТВО ЗЕРНА
WINTER WHEAT (TRITICUM AESTIVUM L.)
BIOLOGICAL PREPARATIONS
GRAIN YIELD
GRAIN QUALITY

description: Исследования проводили с целью агрономической оценки применения различных биологических препаратов (Альбит, Бисол-бисан, Экстрасол и V 417) для обоснования приемов их использования в органических агротехнологиях возделывания озимой пшеницы. Работу осуществляли в2017-2019гг. в Калужской области на светло-серой лесной почве. Посевы озимой пшеницы Московская 39 обрабатывали биопрепаратами в начале трубкования (контроль - без обработки). При размещении культуры по пласту многолетних бобово-злаковых трав сбор зерна по годам исследований варьировал от 2,1 до 2,6 т/га и в среднем за три сезона составил 2,34 т/ га. При использовании препаратов урожайность возросладо 2,80.3,15 т/га, превысив контроль в 1,2...1,3 раза. Самая высокая прибавка (0,81 т/га) отмечена при использовании Бисолбисана, который по эффективности превосходил Экстрасол, Альбит и V 417 на 0,28. 0,35 т/га. Препараты не влияли на долю зерна в общебиологическом урожае, оцениваемому по хозяйственному коэффициенту, который был равен0,43.0,45. Масса 1000зерен в среднем за годы исследований изменялась от 44,6 до 46,5 г, с наименьшей величиной этого показателя (44,6.45,0 г) в варианте с Экстрасолом и V 417, наибольшей (46,5 г) - с Альбитом. Использование биопрепаратов значительно повышало содержание белка в зерне, по сравнению с контролем, на 0,7.1,2 %. Одновременно накопление азота, фосфора и калия в урожае увеличилось в 1,25.1,46 раз, более высокие их концентрации зафиксированы при использовании Бисолбисана. В этом варианте отмечена максимальная в опыте прибавка урожая зерна на 1 кг потребленных растениями NPK. Вынос азота 1 т зерна с соответствующим количеством соломы при использовании препаратов, по сравнению с нормативами, не изменился, Р2О5 увеличился в 1,5 раза, К2О - снизился в 1,3 раза.
Brandenburg, Albert, Urban, Hans-Jörg: Petrus und Papst, Evangelium, Einheit der Kirche, Papstdienst, Bd. II: Neue Beiträge
Creators: name: Kantzenbach, Friedrich Wilhelm
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 28 Nr. 3 (1979): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 28, Heft 3
Molecular dipoles in designer honeycomb lattices
Creators: name: Boudjada, Nazim
name: Buessen, Finn Lasse
name: Paramekanti, Arun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent advances in ultracold atoms in optical lattices and developments in surface science have allowed for the creation of artificial lattices as well as the control of many-body interactions. Such systems provide new settings to investigate interaction-driven instabilities and non-trivial topology. In this paper, we explore the interplay between molecular electric dipoles on a two-dimensional triangular lattice with fermions hopping on the dual decorated honeycomb lattice which hosts Dirac and flat band states. We show that short-range dipole-dipole interaction can lead to ordering into various stripe and vortex crystal ground states. We study these ordered states and their thermal transitions as a function of the interaction range using simulated annealing and Monte Carlo methods. For the special case of zero wave vector ferrodipolar order, incorporating dipole-electron interactions and integrating out the electrons leads to a six-state clock model for the dipole ordering. Finally, we discuss the impact of the various dipole orders on the electronic band structure and the local tunneling density of states. Our work may be relevant to studies of "molecular graphene" -- CO molecules arranged on the Cu(111) surface -- which have been explored using scanning tunneling spectroscopy, as well as ultracold molecule-fermion mixtures in optical lattices.
description: 13 pages including appendices, 9 figures