cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Scalar Field Green Functions on Causal Sets
Creators: name: X, Nomaan
name: Dowker, Fay
name: Surya, Sumati
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the validity and scope of Johnston's models for scalar field retarded Green functions on causal sets in 2 and 4 dimensions. As in the continuum, the massive Green function can be obtained from the massless one, and hence the key task in causal set theory is to first identify the massless Green function. We propose that the 2-d model provides a Green function for the massive scalar field on causal sets approximated by any topologically trivial 2 dimensional spacetime. We explicitly demonstrate that this is indeed the case in a Riemann normal neighbourhood. In 4-d the model can again be used to provide a Green function for the massive scalar field in a Riemann normal neighbourhood which we compare to Bunch and Parker's continuum Green function. We find that the same prescription can also be used for deSitter spacetime and the conformally flat patch of anti deSitter spacetime. Our analysis then allows us to suggest a generalisation of Johnston's model for the Green function for a causal set approximated by 3 dimensional flat spacetime.
description: 23 pages, 5 figures
Dynamical heredity from f(R)-bulk to braneworld: curvature dynamical constraint and f(R)-unimodular gravity
Creators: name: Kuerten, André Martorano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 83E15

description: Recently, Borzou et al. (BSSY) generalized the Shiromizu-Maeda-Sasaki (SMS) formulation to f(R)-bulks. BSSY brane projected equation carries an additional stress tensor, besides SMS correction for Einstein's theory on the brane. If we change this perspective, by requiring BSSY tensor in the geometrical side acting as f(R)-brane generator, it is possible to relate f(R)-brane/bulk theories, by using curvature dynamical constraint (CDC), a concept that we developed. Since that brane and bulk are f(R), 5/4D scalar curvatures also play a dynamical role and, thus, a dynamical version to Gauss equation trace, or CDC, must be offered. We will work yet in a specific case to obtain f(R)-unimodular gravity, formally identical with obtained by Nojiri et al. (NOO). Therefore, two applications which consider cosmological scenarios in f(R)-unimodular gravity with dark radiation correction will be offered.
description: 20 pages
title: Comparison of the Accuracy of a Mounting Fixture for Dental Implants for Implant Position Transfer and Open-Tray Implant Level Impression—An In Vitro Study
Creators: name: Becker, Alexander
name: Dirksen, Dieter
name: Runte, Christoph Josef
Publisher: name: University of Muenster, Institutional Repository MIAMI
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: 610 Medicine and health

description: The accuracy for the implant position transfer of a mounting fixture and a standardized open-tray implant level impression was compared. Ten aluminum master models with four implant analogs placed in different angulations were fabricated. By performing an open-tray implant level impression stone casts were produced. The master models and stone casts were scanned (comparison group one) using a laboratory scanner. Deviations in the scan body surface were determined in the form of mean (absolute) point distances and (signed) surface distances. The same procedure was performed with a screwed transfer and by fixing the posts of the mounting fixture (comparison group two). The mounting device was applied to each master model and scanned in a fixed and detached state (comparison group three). In a point comparison, the open-tray implant level impression showed mean deviations of 43.6 µm and a mounting fixture of 44.6 µm with no significant differences (p < 0.05). There were significant differences between groups two and three. The angulation of the implants had no effect on the accuracy. In a surface comparison, the open-tray implant level impression showed mean deviations of 36.0 µm and a mounting fixture of 2.0 µm (p > 0.05). Within the limits of this study, the mounting fixture transferred the implant position with the same accuracy as the open-tray implant level impression with respect to point deviations.
description: Finanziert durch den Open-Access-Publikationsfonds der Universität Münster.
Klein-Gordon equations with homogeneous time-dependent electric fields
Creators: name: Kawamoto, Masaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a system associated to Klein-Gordon equations with homogeneous time-dependent electric fields. The upper and lower boundaries of a time-evolution propagator for this system were proven by Veselić in 1991 for electric fields that are independent of time. We extend this result to time-dependent electric fields.
Efficient direct seawater electrolysers using selective alkaline NiFe-LDH as OER catalyst in asymmetric electrolyte feeds
Creators: name: Dresp, Sören
name: Thanh, Trung Ngo
name: Klingenhof, Malte
name: Brückner, Sven
name: Hauke, Philipp
name: Strasser, Peter
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften
subject: direct seawater electrolysis
subject: oxygen evolution reaction
subject: catalysts

description: Direct seawater electrolysis faces fundamental catalytic and process engineering challenges. Here we demonstrate a promising seawater electrolyser configuration using asymmetric electrolyte feeds. We further investigated the faradaic O2 efficiency of NiFe-LDH in alkalinized Cl−-containing electrolytes in comparison to commercial IrOx-based catalysts. Other than IrOx, NiFe-LDH prevents the oxidation of Cl− and appears highly selective for the oxygen evolution reaction in alkalinized seawater even at cell potentials beyond 3.0 Vcell.
The Unseen Hand: AI-Based Prescribing Decision Support Tools and the Evaluation of Drug Safety and Effectiveness
Creators: name: Hunt, Philip
name: Teltsch, Dana Y.
name: Ochi, Taichi
name: Dickinson, Harriet
name: Feifel, Jan
name: Hincapie-Castillo, Juan M.
name: Virkud, Arti V.
name: Muylle, Katoo M.
name: Strauss, Victoria Y.
name: Vallejo-Yagüe, Enriqueta
name: Donneyong, Macarius
name: Zabinski, Joseph
Publisher: name: Springer Nature
Year: 2023

description:
The use of artificial intelligence (AI)-based tools to guide prescribing decisions is full of promise and may enhance patient outcomes. These tools can perform actions such as choosing the ‘safest’ medication, choosing between competing medications, promoting de-prescribing or even predicting non-adherence. These tools can exist in a variety of formats; for example, they may be directly integrated into electronic medical records or they may exist in a stand-alone website accessible by a web browser. One potential impact of these tools is that they could manipulate our understanding of the benefit-risk of medicines in the real world. Currently, the benefit risk of approved medications is assessed according to carefully planned agreements covering spontaneous reporting systems and planned surveillance studies. But AI-based tools may limit or even block prescription to high-risk patients or prevent off-label use. The uptake and temporal availability of these tools may be uneven across healthcare systems and geographies, creating artefacts in data that are difficult to account for. It is also hard to estimate the ‘true impact’ that a tool had on a prescribing decision. International borders may also be highly porous to these tools, especially in cases where tools are available over the web. These tools already exist, and their use is likely to increase in the coming years. How they can be accounted for in benefit-risk decisions is yet to be seen.
Higher order multipoles in metamaterial homogenization
Creators: name: Dirdal, Christopher A.
name: Hågenvik, Hans Olaf
name: Haave, Haakon Aamot
name: Skaar, Johannes
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The higher order multipoles above the electric quadrupole are commonly neglected in metamaterial homogenization. We show that they nevertheless can be significant when second order spatial dispersive effects, such as the magnetic response, are considered. In this respect, they can be equally important as the magnetization and quadrupole terms, and should not automatically be neglected.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
title: Whole‐genome comparison between the type strain of Halobacterium salinarum (DSM 3754T) and the laboratory strains R1 and NRC‐1
Creators: name: Pfeiffer, Friedhelm
name: Losensky, Gerald
name: Marchfelder, Anita
name: Habermann, Bianca
name: Dyall‐Smith, Mike
Publisher: name: John Wiley & Sons
Year: 2024

description: Halobacterium salinarum is an extremely halophilic archaeon that is widely distributed in hypersaline environments and was originally isolated as a spoilage organism of salted fish and hides. The type strain 91‐R6 (DSM 3754T) has seldom been studied and its genome sequence has only recently been determined by our group. The exact relationship between the type strain and two widely used model strains, NRC‐1 and R1, has not been described before. The genome of Hbt. salinarum strain 91‐R6 consists of a chromosome (2.17 Mb) and two large plasmids (148 and 102 kb, with 39,230 bp being duplicated). Cytosine residues are methylated (m4C) within CTAG motifs. The genomes of type and laboratory strains are closely related, their chromosomes sharing average nucleotide identity (ANIb) values of 98% and in silico DNA–DNA hybridization (DDH) values of 95%. The chromosomes are completely colinear, do not show genome rearrangement, and matching segments show <1% sequence difference. Among the strain‐specific sequences are three large chromosomal replacement regions (>10 kb). The well‐studied AT‐rich island (61 kb) of the laboratory strains is replaced by a distinct AT‐rich sequence (47 kb) in 91‐R6. Another large replacement (91‐R6: 78 kb, R1: 44 kb) codes for distinct homologs of proteins involved in motility and N‐glycosylation. Most (107 kb) of plasmid pHSAL1 (91‐R6) is very closely related to part of plasmid pHS3 (R1) and codes for essential genes (e.g. arginine‐tRNA ligase and the pyrimidine biosynthesis enzyme aspartate carbamoyltransferase). Part of pHS3 (42.5 kb total) is closely related to the largest strain‐specific sequence (164 kb) in the type strain chromosome. Genome sequencing unraveled the close relationship between the Hbt. salinarum type strain and two well‐studied laboratory strains at the DNA and protein levels. Although an independent isolate, the type strain shows a remarkably low evolutionary difference to the laboratory strains.
Non-minimal derivative coupling in Palatini cosmology: acceleration in chaotic inflation potential
Creators: name: Saichaemchan, Somphoach
name: Gumjudpai, Burin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: NMDC-Palatini cosmology in slow-roll regime is of our interests. We present flat FLRW cosmological NMDC-Palatini field equations and acceleration condition. Late time trajectory is approximated. Chaotic inflation potential is considered here as it is viable in a range of positive coupling constant as constrained by CMB results. Phase portraits show that the NMDC-Palatini gives new saddle-point solutions. In $V \propto ϕ^2$ potential, the NMDC-Palatini effect enlarges the acceleration-allowed region from that of GR case.
description: 7 pages, 1 figure, extended content of the version to appear in Journal of Physics Conference Series (Proceedings of the 12th Siam Physics Congress (2017))
New X-ray bound on density of primordial black holes
Creators: name: Inoue, Yoshiyuki
name: Kusenko, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We set a new upper limit on the abundance of primordial black holes (PBH) based on existing X-ray data. PBH interactions with interstellar medium should result in significant fluxes of X-ray photons, which would contribute to the observed number density of compact X-ray objects in galaxies. The data constrain PBH number density in the mass range from a few $M_\odot$ to $2\times 10^7 M_\odot$. PBH density needed to account for the origin of black holes detected by LIGO is marginally allowed.
description: 12 pages, 2 figures, accepted for publication in JCAP
Adults and Family as Supportive of Adolescent Sexual Development in the Age of Smartphones? Exploring Cybersexual Violence Victimization, Pornography Use, and Risky Sexual Behaviors
Creators: name: Espelage, Dorothy L.
name: Lawrence, Timothy I.
name: Rivas-Koehl, Matthew
name: Valido, Alberto
Publisher: name: Springer Nature
Year: 2023

description:
Among adolescents, engagement in risky sexual behavior is an important public health concern. Research has begun to explore the impact of adolescents’ online experiences with their social and behavioral health as approximately 95% of adolescents have access to a smartphone connected to the internet. However, little research has specifically examined how online experiences impact sexual risk behaviors among adolescence. To fill gaps in the existing research, the current study sought to investigate the association between two potential risk factors and three sexual risk behavior outcomes. We examined how experiencing cybersexual violence victimization (CVV) and using pornography during early adolescence was associated with condom use, birth control use, and use of alcohol and drugs before sex among U.S. high school students (n = 974). Additionally, we explored multiple forms of adult support as potential protective factors of sexual risk behaviors. Our findings suggest that CVV and porn use may be associated with risky sexual behaviors for some adolescents. In addition, parental monitoring and support from adults at school may be two ways to support healthy adolescent sexual development.
Atmospheric Trident Production for Probing New Physics
Creators: name: Ge, Shao-Feng
name: Lindner, Manfred
name: Rodejohann, Werner
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose to use atmospheric neutrinos as a powerful probe of new physics beyond the Standard Model via neutrino trident production. The final state with double muon tracks simultaneously produced from the same vertex is a distinctive signal at large Cherenkov detectors. We calculate the expected event numbers of trident production in the Standard Model. To illustrate the potential of this process to probe new physics we obtain the sensitivity on new vector/scalar bosons with coupling to muon and tau neutrinos.
description: 5 pages, 7 figures. Correct a typo and share the original simulation scripts to https://gitlab.com/gesf/NuTrident_CompHEP
Modeling and Analysis of V-12 Engine
Creators: name: Harshilkumar Kamleshkumar Suthar
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: The main objective of the project is how to develop the prototype of V 12 engine assembly usingCAD tool CATIA V5. These Engine assembly consists major components they are Piston, Connecting RodAssembly, Crank Shaft, Cylinder head, Cam Shaft, Valves, crank case, oil tank and spark plug withrequired dimensions. The components which are developed in CATIA V5 are also analysed in it usingsimulation tool. The structural analysis and thermal analysis of piston is performed for different values ofstatic and thermal loading and the results of stress distribution and temperature distribution of thecomponents are shown. Finally, the structural analysis and thermal analysis results of the differentcomponents are compared and the best suited material is selected.
Artifact for "NetStack: A Game Approach to Synthesizing Consistent Network Updates"
Creators: name: Schmid, Stefan
name: Schrenk, Bernhard Clemens
name: Torralba, Álvaro
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: Artifact for the paper "NetStack: A Game Approach to Synthesizing Consistent Network Updates" accepted at IFIP Networking 2022. This artifact contains a reproducibility package with the tool NetStack and experiments to reproduce the results reported in the paper. The package is only available for Linux and it contains all sources and data to reproduce the results. The intermediate and final results are contained in the package and can be regenerated with the included scripts. Please see the README.md file for further information.
Multi-locus data distinguishes between population growth and multiple merger coalescents
Creators: name: Koskela, Jere
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 92D15 (Primary), 62M02, 62M05 (Secondary)

description: We introduce a low dimensional function of the site frequency spectrum that is tailor-made for distinguishing coalescent models with multiple mergers from Kingman coalescent models with population growth, and use this function to construct a hypothesis test between these model classes. The null and alternative sampling distributions of the statistic are intractable, but its low dimensionality renders them amenable to Monte Carlo estimation. We construct kernel density estimates of the sampling distributions based on simulated data, and show that the resulting hypothesis test dramatically improves on the statistical power of a current state-of-the-art method. A key reason for this improvement is the use of multi-locus data, in particular averaging observed site frequency spectra across unlinked loci to reduce sampling variance. We also demonstrate the robustness of our method to nuisance and tuning parameters. Finally we show that the same kernel density estimates can be used to conduct parameter estimation, and argue that our method is readily generalisable for applications in model selection, parameter inference and experimental design.
description: 24 pages, 13 figures
Hierarchy of correlations for the Ising model in the Majorana representation
Creators: name: Gómez-León, Álvaro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the quantum Ising model in D dimensions with the equation of motion technique, in combination with the Majorana representation for spins. The decoupling scheme used for the Green's functions is based on the hierarchy of correlations in position space. To lowest order this method reproduces the well known mean field phase diagram and critical exponents. When correlations between spins are included, we show how the appearance of thermal fluctuations and magnons strongly affect the physical properties. We demonstrate that in 1D and for B=0, thermal fluctuations completely destroy the ordered phase, and that near the quantum critical point, the quantum model displays different behavior than its classical counterpart. We discuss the connection with the Dyson's equation formalism and the explicit form of the self-energies.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures
Pallaver (Hg.) (2013): Umstrittene Denkmäler
Creators: name: Gärtner, Reinhold
Publisher: name: Österreichische Zeitschrift für Politikwissenschaft
Year: 2014

description: Österreichische Zeitschrift für Politikwissenschaft, Bd. 43 Nr. 4 (2014): Politik und Verwaltung
Quantum dilogarithm identities for the square product of A-type Dynkin quivers
Creators: name: Allman, Justin
name: Rimányi, Richárd
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 16G20, 05E10

description: The famous pentagon identity for quantum dilogarithms has a generalization for every Dynkin quiver, due to Reineke. A more advanced generalization is associated with a pair of alternating Dynkin quivers, due to Keller. The description and proof of Keller's identities involves cluster algebras and cluster categories, and the statement of the identity is implicit. In this paper we describe Keller's identities explicitly, and prove them by a dimension counting argument. Namely, we consider quiver representations $\boldsymbol{\mathrm{Rep}}_γ$ together with a superpotential function $W_γ$, and calculate the Betti numbers of the equivariant $W_γ$ rapid decay cohomology algebra of $\boldsymbol{\mathrm{Rep}}_γ$ in two different ways corresponding to two natural stratifications of $\boldsymbol{\mathrm{Rep}}_γ$. This approach is suggested by Kontsevich and Soibelman in relation with the Cohomological Hall Algebra of quivers, and the associated Donaldson-Thomas invariants.
description: 33 pages, corrected typos, updated acknowledgements
The importance of preventive feedback: inference from observations of the stellar masses and metallicities of Milky Way dwarf galaxies
Creators: name: Lu, Yu
name: Benson, Andrew
name: Wetzel, Andrew
name: Mao, Yao-Yuan
name: Tonnesen, Stephanie
name: Peter, Annika H. G.
name: Boylan-Kolchin, Michael
name: Wechsler, Risa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dwarf galaxies are known to have remarkably low star formation efficiency due to strong feedback. Adopting the dwarf galaxies of the Milky Way as a laboratory, we explore a flexible semi-analytic galaxy formation model to understand how the feedback processes shape the satellite galaxies of the Milky Way. Using Markov-Chain Monte-Carlo, we exhaustively search a large parameter space of the model and rigorously show that the general wisdom of strong outflows as the primary feedback mechanism cannot simultaneously explain the stellar mass function and the mass--metallicity relation of the Milky Way satellites. An extended model that assumes that a fraction of baryons is prevented from collapsing into low-mass halos in the first place can be accurately constrained to simultaneously reproduce those observations. The inference suggests that two different physical mechanisms are needed to explain the two different data sets. In particular, moderate outflows with weak halo mass dependence are needed to explain the mass--metallicity relation, and prevention of baryons falling into shallow gravitational potentials of low-mass halos (e.g. "pre-heating") is needed to explain the low stellar mass fraction for a given subhalo mass.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Drude Weight for the Lieb-Liniger Bose Gas
Creators: name: Doyon, Benjamin
name: Spohn, Herbert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on the method of hydrodynamic projections we derive a concise formula for the Drude weight of the repulsive Lieb-Liniger $δ$-Bose gas. Our formula contains only quantities which are obtainable from the thermodynamic Bethe ansatz. The Drude weight is an infinite-dimensional matrix, or bilinear functional: it is bilinear in the currents, and each current may refer to a general linear combination of the conserved charges of the model. As a by-product we obtain the dynamical two-point correlation functions involving charge and current densities at small wavelengths and long times, and in addition the scaled covariance matrix of charge transfer. We expect that our formulas extend to other integrable quantum models.
description: 23 pages. v2: improved discussion, typos corrected, references added. v3: 26 pages, further improved discussion, references added
$Δ$-filtrations and projective resolutions for the Auslander-Dlab-Ringel algebra
Creators: name: Conde, Teresa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The ADR algebra $R_A$ of an Artin algebra $A$ is a right ultra strongly quasihereditary algebra (RUSQ algebra). In this paper we study the $Δ$-filtrations of modules over RUSQ algebras and determine the projective covers of a certain class of $R_A$-modules. As an application, we give a counterexample to a claim by Auslander-Platzeck-Todorov, concerning projective resolutions over the ADR algebra.
description: 20 pages. Some small changes were done and typos were corrected. Accepted for publication in Algebras and Representation Theory
Use of Large Language Models and Artificial Intelligence Tools in Works Submitted to Journal of Clinical Oncology
Creators: name: Burstein, Hal
name: Gunn, Emilie
name: Frankel, Paul
name: Miller, Kathy
name: Wheeler, Stephanie
name: Friedberg, Jonathan W.
name: Cochran, Angela
Publisher: name: American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)
Year: 2023

description:
The Journal of Clinical Oncology shares knowledge and expertise, fosters a robust interchange, and perpetuates valuable learning, all in service of improving outcomes of patients with cancer. To that end, JCO is more than just a collection of articles. The journal provides a forum for the exchange of ideas in which individual voices contribute their unique perspective and experience, providing the human context to the knowledge generated. That conversation between the author and the reader, albeit distant in time and space, is central to our purpose.
q-Gaussians and SERS Bands of L-Cysteine
Creators: name: Sparavigna, Amelia Carolina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Tsallis q-Gaussian distribution
Gaussian distribution
Cauchy distribution
Lorentzian distribution
Raman spectroscopy
SERS
L-cysteine.
Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering

description: Here we start considering the q-Gaussian Tsallis functions, previously studied in fitting Raman bands, for being applied to SERS bands. The case study here proposed is that of L-Cysteine.
Epidemic dynamics in open quantum spin systems
Creators: name: Pérez-Espigares, Carlos
name: Marcuzzi, Matteo
name: Gutiérrez, Ricardo
name: Lesanovsky, Igor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the non-equilibrium evolution and stationary states of an open many-body system which displays epidemic spreading dynamics in a classical and a quantum regime. Our study is motivated by recent experiments conducted in strongly interacting gases of highly excited Rydberg atoms where the facilitated excitation of Rydberg states competes with radiative decay. These systems approximately implement open quantum versions of models for population dynamics or disease spreading where species can be in a healthy, infected or immune state. We show that in a two-dimensional lattice, depending on the dominance of either classical or quantum effects, the system may display a different kind of non-equilibrium phase transition. We moreover discuss the observability of our findings in laser driven Rydberg gases with particular focus on the role of long-range interactions.
description: 20 pages, 8 figures
Ataç/Rosenberger (Hg.) (2013): Politik der Inklusion und Exklusion
Creators: name: Campbell, David
Publisher: name: Österreichische Zeitschrift für Politikwissenschaft
Year: 2014

description: Österreichische Zeitschrift für Politikwissenschaft, Bd. 43 Nr. 4 (2014): Politik und Verwaltung
Bettel/Permoser/Rosenberger (Hg.) (2013): Living Rooms
Creators: name: Haderer, Margaret
Publisher: name: Österreichische Zeitschrift für Politikwissenschaft
Year: 2014

description: Österreichische Zeitschrift für Politikwissenschaft, Bd. 43 Nr. 4 (2014): Politik und Verwaltung
Correcting boundary over-exploration deficiencies in Bayesian optimization with virtual derivative sign observations
Creators: name: Siivola, Eero
name: Vehtari, Aki
name: Vanhatalo, Jarno
name: González, Javier
name: Andersen, Michael Riis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Bayesian optimization (BO) is a global optimization strategy designed to find the minimum of an expensive black-box function, typically defined on a compact subset of $\mathcal{R}^d$, by using a Gaussian process (GP) as a surrogate model for the objective. Although currently available acquisition functions address this goal with different degree of success, an over-exploration effect of the contour of the search space is typically observed. However, in problems like the configuration of machine learning algorithms, the function domain is conservatively large and with a high probability the global minimum does not sit on the boundary of the domain. We propose a method to incorporate this knowledge into the search process by adding virtual derivative observations in the \gp at the boundary of the search space. We use the properties of GPs to impose conditions on the partial derivatives of the objective. The method is applicable with any acquisition function, it is easy to use and consistently reduces the number of evaluations required to optimize the objective irrespective of the acquisition used. We illustrate the benefits of our approach in an extensive experimental comparison.
description: 6 pages, 7 figures
DMFT study on the electron-hole asymmetry of the electron correlation strength in the high Tc cuprates
Creators: name: Mizuno, Ryota
name: Ochi, Masayuki
name: Kuroki, Kazuhiko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent experiments revealed a striking asymmetry in the phase diagram of the high temperature cuprate superconductors. The correlation effect seems strong in the hole-doped systems and weak in the electron-doped systems. On the other hand, a recent theoretical study shows that the interaction strengths (the Hubbard U) are comparable in these systems. Therefore, it is difficult to explain this asymmetry by their interaction strengths. Given this background, we analyze the one-particle spectrum of a single band model of a cuprate superconductor near the Fermi level using the dynamical mean field theory. We find the difference in the "visibility" of the strong correlation effect between the hole- and electron-doped systems. This can explain the electron-hole asymmetry of the correlation strength without introducing the difference in the interaction strength.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
Collapsing in the Einstein flow
Creators: name: Lott, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider expanding vacuum spacetimes with a CMC foliation by compact spacelike hypersurfaces. Under scale invariant a priori geometric bounds (type-III), we show that there are arbitrarily large future time intervals that are modelled by a flat spacetime or a Kasner spacetime. We give related results for a class of expanding vacuum spacetimes that do not satisfy the a priori bounds (type-II).
description: final version, typos corrected
Proper temperature of Schwarzschild AdS black hole revisited
Creators: name: Eune, Myungseok
name: Kim, Wontae
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Unruh temperature calculated from the global embedding of the Schwarzschild AdS spacetime into Minkowski spacetime was identified with the local temperature measured by a free-fall observer; however, it would be imaginary in a certain region outside the event horizon. So, the temperature was assumed to be zero of no thermal radiation for that region. In this paper, we revisit this issue in the exactly soluble two-dimensional Schwarzschild AdS black hole and present an alternative resolution to this problem by using the Tolman's procedure. However, the process is not straightforward in the sense that one should extend the original procedure to rest upon the traceless energy-momentum tensor in such a way that it could encompass the case of the non-vanishing trace of energy-momentum tensor in the presence of the trace anomaly. Consequently, we show that the free-fall temperature turns out to be real everywhere outside the event horizon without any imaginary value, in particular, it vanishes both at the horizon and at the asymptotic infinity.
description: 12 pages, 1 figure, version published in PLB
A stochastic template bank for gravitational wave searches for precessing neutron-star--black-hole coalescence events
Creators: name: Indik, Nathaniel
name: Haris, K
name: Canton, Tito Dal
name: Fehrmann, Henning
name: Krishnan, Badri
name: Lundgren, Andrew
name: Nielsen, Alex B.
name: Pai, Archana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gravitational wave searches to date have largely focused on non-precessing systems. Including precession effects greatly increases the number of templates to be searched over. This leads to a corresponding increase in the computational cost and can increase the false alarm rate of a realistic search. On the other hand, there might be astrophysical systems that are entirely missed by non-precessing searches. In this paper we consider the problem of constructing a template bank using stochastic methods for neutron-star--black-hole binaries allowing for precession, but with the restrictions that the orientation of the total angular momentum of the binary is pointing towards the detector and that the neutron-star spin is negligible relative to that of the black-hole. We quantify the number of templates required for the search, and we explicitly construct the template bank. We show that despite the large number of templates, stochastic methods can be adapted to solve the problem. We quantify the parameter space region over which the non-precessing search might miss signals.
description: 11 pages, 16 figures
Integrable Deformations of Sine-Liouville Conformal Field Theory and Duality
Creators: name: Fateev, Vladimir A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study integrable deformations of sine-Liouville conformal field theory. Every integrable perturbation of this model is related to the series of quantum integrals of motion (hierarchy). We construct the factorized scattering matrices for different integrable perturbed conformal field theories. The perturbation theory, Bethe ansatz technique, renormalization group and methods of perturbed conformal field theory are applied to show that all integrable deformations of sine-Liouville model possess non-trivial duality properties.
Higher Weight on GL(3), II - The cusp forms
Creators: name: Buttcane, Jack
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The purpose of this paper is to collect and make explicit the results of Gel'fand, Graev and Piatetski-Shapiro and Miyazaki for the $GL(3)$ cusp forms which are non-trivial on $SO(3,\mathbb{R})$. We give new descriptions of the spaces of cusp forms of minimal $K$-type and from the Fourier-Whittaker expansions of such forms give a complete and completely explicit spectral expansion for $L^2(SL(3,\mathbb{Z})\backslash PSL(3,\mathbb{R}))$, accounting for multiplicities, in the style of Duke, Friedlander and Iwaniec's paper on Artin $L$-functions. We directly compute the Jacquet integral for the Whittaker functions at the minimal $K$-type, improving Miyazaki's computation. The primary tool will be the study of the differential operators coming from the Lie algebra on vector-valued cusp forms.
description: 37 pages
title: Influence of carbon diffusion on microstructure and wear behaviour of duplex stainless steel surface layers on lamellar grey cast iron
Creators: name: Heider, B.
name: Oechsner, M.
name: Engler, T.
name: Ellermeier, J.
name: Reisgen, U.
name: Sharma, R.
name: Zokoll, E.
name: Gonzalez, E.
Publisher: name: Wiley-VCH
Year: 2024

description: Surface welding with duplex stainless steel was performed to enhance the wear and corrosion properties of grey cast iron, which is used as material for applications as pump components in maritime and chemical environments. The method used for surface welding and the corresponding process parameters determine the chemical composition and microstructure, which both determine the corrosion and wear properties of the surface layer. High heat input leads to high chemical dilution and thus, reduced corrosion resistance. Slow cooling rates, which are recommended for welding of grey cast iron components, facilitate the formation of carbides in the fusion zone of the chromium‐rich duplex stainless steel surface layer. On the one hand, carbides lead to increased hardness and thus, improved wear resistance of the surface layers. On the other hand, carbides and high chemical dilution rates reduce the corrosion resistance and therefore should be avoided. Under high cooling rates, the risk of cracking in the heat affected zone of the grey cast iron increases due to martensitic phase transformations. The paper describes the correlation of process parameters, microstructure and chemical composition with a focus on carbon diffusion and carbide formation, ever considering the effect on the wear behaviour in an oscillation tribometer and under erosion‐corrosion conditions.
A method for characterizing after-pulsing and dark noise of PMTs and SiPMs
Creators: name: Butcher, A.
name: Doria, L.
name: Monroe, J.
name: Retiere, F.
name: Smith, B.
name: Walding, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Photo-multiplier tubes (PMTs) and silicon photo-multipliers (SiPMs) are detectors sensitive to single photons that are widely used for the detection of scintillation and Cerenkov light in subatomic physics and medical imaging. This paper presents a method for characterizing two of the main noise sources that PMTs and SiPMs share: dark noise and correlated noise (after-pulsing). The proposed method allows for a model-independent measurement of the after-pulsing timing distribution and dark noise rate.
description: Accepted by Nucl. Instr. Meth. A. 11 pages, 8 figures. Added application of method to SiPM data in new version
Theory-guided Data Science: A New Paradigm for Scientific Discovery from Data
Creators: name: Karpatne, Anuj
name: Atluri, Gowtham
name: Faghmous, James
name: Steinbach, Michael
name: Banerjee, Arindam
name: Ganguly, Auroop
name: Shekhar, Shashi
name: Samatova, Nagiza
name: Kumar, Vipin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Data science models, although successful in a number of commercial domains, have had limited applicability in scientific problems involving complex physical phenomena. Theory-guided data science (TGDS) is an emerging paradigm that aims to leverage the wealth of scientific knowledge for improving the effectiveness of data science models in enabling scientific discovery. The overarching vision of TGDS is to introduce scientific consistency as an essential component for learning generalizable models. Further, by producing scientifically interpretable models, TGDS aims to advance our scientific understanding by discovering novel domain insights. Indeed, the paradigm of TGDS has started to gain prominence in a number of scientific disciplines such as turbulence modeling, material discovery, quantum chemistry, bio-medical science, bio-marker discovery, climate science, and hydrology. In this paper, we formally conceptualize the paradigm of TGDS and present a taxonomy of research themes in TGDS. We describe several approaches for integrating domain knowledge in different research themes using illustrative examples from different disciplines. We also highlight some of the promising avenues of novel research for realizing the full potential of theory-guided data science.
Analysis of the association between subjective sleep quality and the duration of viral shedding in patients with COVID-19: A cohort study
Creators: name: Qin, Shan
name: Wang, Xiaoqiu
name: Liu, Chengyong
name: Wang, Qian
name: Jiang, Hua
name: Wu, Wenzhong
name: Chen, Hao
name: Wan, Qingyun
name: Lin, Liyu
name: Wang, Ting
name: Wang, Yuhan
Publisher: name: Elsevier
Year: 2023

description:
Background Shanghai reported more than 600,000 Omicron COVID-19 cases between March 1, 2022, and June 30, 2022. Omicron-infected patients with no, mild, or moderate symptoms were transferred to the nearest Fangcang hospital, buildings constructed exclusively for the isolation and treatment of COVID-19 patients, according to the protocol for COVID‐19 diagnosis in China during that period. Methods This was a cohort study with data collected via online questionnaires and electronic medical records (EMR) from April 15, 2022, to May 7, 2022, from a block in a Shanghai Fangcang hospital. The Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) were used. Survival analysis techniques, including Kaplan–Meier (KM) curves and univariate and multivariate Cox regression models with time-varying coefficients, were used to analyze the association between sleep quality during SARS-CoV-2 infection and the duration of viral shedding (DVS). Results Data from 688 participants were used in the data analysis. KM curves showed that COVID-19 patients with insomnia generally had a longer DVS than those without insomnia. Cox proportional hazards regression models suggested that the insomnia group was significantly less likely to recover from SARS-CoV-2 infection within 7 days after diagnosis than the noninsomnia group. A higher probability of rapid recovery from COVID-19 was also associated with younger age, higher HADS-A scores (i.e., increased anxiety), and lower HADS-D scores (i.e., lower depression). Conclusions For COVID-19 patients, sleep status, anxiety and depression symptoms, and age merit greater attention. Future studies should investigate whether lifestyle interventions can reduce the risk of developing postinfection syndromes or mitigating such symptoms.
Gaps between avalanches in 1D Random Field Ising Models
Creators: name: Nampoothiri, Jishnu N.
name: Ramola, Kabir
name: Sabhapandit, Sanjib
name: Chakraborty, Bulbul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the statistics of gaps ($ΔH$) between successive avalanches in one dimensional random field Ising models (RFIMs) in an external field $H$ at zero temperature. In the first part of the paper we study the nearest-neighbour ferromagnetic RFIM. We map the sequence of avalanches in this system to a non-homogeneous Poisson process with an $H$-dependent rate $ρ(H)$. We use this to analytically compute the distribution of gaps $P(ΔH)$ between avalanches as the field is increased monotonically from $-\infty$ to $+\infty$. We show that $P(ΔH)$ tends to a constant $\mathcal{C}(R)$ as $ΔH \to 0^+$, which displays a non-trivial behaviour with the strength of disorder $R$. We verify our predictions with numerical simulations. In the second part of the paper, motivated by avalanche gap distributions in driven disordered amorphous solids, we study a long-range antiferromagnetic RFIM. This model displays a gapped behaviour $P(ΔH) = 0$ up to a system size dependent offset value $ΔH_{\text{off}}$, and $P(ΔH) \sim (ΔH - ΔH_{\text{off}})^θ$ as $ΔH \to H_{\text{off}}^+$. We perform numerical simulations on this model and determine $θ\approx 0.95(5)$. We also discuss mechanisms which would lead to a non-zero exponent $θ$ for general spin models with quenched random fields.
description: 16 pages, 16 figures
An improved bound for disjoint directed cycles
Creators: name: Bucić, Matija
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We show that every directed graph with minimum out-degree at least $18k$ contains at least $k$ vertex disjoint cycles. This is an improvement over the result of Alon who showed this result for digraphs of minimum out-degree at least $64k$. The main benefit of the argument is that getting better results for small values of $k$ allows for further improvements to the constant.
Exact Affine Counter Automata
Creators: name: Nakanishi, Masaki
name: Khadiev, Kamil
name: Prūsis, Krišjānis
name: Vihrovs, Jevgēnijs
name: Yakaryılmaz, Abuzer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Formal Languages and Automata Theory (cs.FL)
subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce an affine generalization of counter automata, and analyze their ability as well as affine finite automata. Our contributions are as follows. We show that there is a language that can be recognized by exact realtime affine counter automata but by neither 1-way deterministic pushdown automata nor realtime deterministic k-counter automata. We also show that a certain promise problem, which is conjectured not to be solved by two-way quantum finite automata in polynomial time, can be solved by Las Vegas affine finite automata. Lastly, we show that how a counter helps for affine finite automata by showing that the language MANYTWINS, which is conjectured not to be recognized by affine, quantum or classical finite state models in polynomial time, can be recognized by affine counter automata with one-sided bounded-error in realtime.
description: In Proceedings AFL 2017, arXiv:1708.06226
Controlling Coherent Quantum Dot Interactions
Creators: name: Martin, Eric W.
name: Cundiff, Steven T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We measure many-body interactions in isolated quantum dot states using double-quantum multidimensional coherent spectroscopy. Few states are probed in a diffraction limited spot, which is enabled by a novel collinear scheme in which radiated four-wave-mixing signals are measured with phase resolution. Many-body interactions are enhanced by an additional prepulse tuned to the delocalized quasi-continuum states. We propose this effect as a method for controlling coupling between quantum states.