cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Cu$_2$O Microcrystals Grown on Silicon as Platform for Quantum-Degenerate Excitons and Rydberg States
Creators: name: Steinhauer, Stephan
name: Versteegh, Marijn A. M.
name: Mysyrowicz, André
name: Kunert, Birgit
name: Zwiller, Val
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cuprous oxide (Cu$_2$O) is a semiconductor with large exciton binding energy and significant technological importance in applications such as photovoltaics and solar water splitting. It is also a superior material system for quantum optics that enabled the observation of two intriguing phenomena, i.e. Rydberg excitons as solid-state analogue to highly-excited atomic states and dense exciton gases showing quantum degeneracy when approaching the phase transition to Bose-Einstein condensation. Previous experiments focused on natural bulk crystals due to major difficulties in growing high-quality synthetic samples. Here, we present Cu$_2$O microcrystals with excellent optical material quality capable of hosting both quantum-degenerate excitons and excited Rydberg states. Growth of Cu$_2$O with exceedingly low point defect levels was achieved on silicon by a scalable thermal oxidation process compatible with lithographic patterning. Using the latter, we demonstrate Rydberg excitons in site-controlled Cu$_2$O microstructures, paving the way for a plethora of applications in integrated quantum photonics.
Impact of choice of feeding tubes on long-term swallow function following chemoradiotherapy for oropharyngeal carcinoma
Creators: name: Prestwich, Robin J. D.
name: Murray, Louise J.
name: Williams, Gillian F.
name: Tease, Emma
name: Taylor, Lucy
name: George, Cathryn
name: Cardale, Kate
name: Dyker, Karen E.
name: Murray, Patrick
name: Sen, Mehmet
name: Satiavani Ramasamy
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Background: Prior reports have raised concerns that a prophylactic gastrostomy may be detrimental to long-term swallow function. This study evaluates patient-reported swallow function following chemoradiotherapy for oropharyngeal carcinoma in relation to the use of a prophylactic gastrostomy or nasogastric (NG) tube as required. Material and methods: The MD Anderson Dysphagia Inventory (MDADI) was posted to 204 disease-free patients at least 2 years following chemoradiotherapy for oropharyngeal carcinoma between 2010 and 2014. Results: Overall, 181/204 (89%) patients returned questionnaire at a median of 34 months post-treatment. 97/181 (54%) and 84/181 (46%) were managed with an approach of a prophylactic gastrostomy or NG tube as required, respectively. A prophylactic gastrostomy was associated with higher rates of enteral feeding (92% vs. 58%, p p p Conclusions: Despite concern regarding the use of a prophylactic gastrostomy in prior studies, the approaches of using a prophylactic gastrostomy or an NG tube as required to support patients during/after chemoradiotherapy for oropharyngeal carcinoma were associated with similar long-term swallow outcomes.
Structure of Quantum Chaotic Wavefunctions: Ergodicity, Localization, and Transport
Creators: name: Kaplan, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss recent developments in the study of quantum wavefunctions and transport in classically ergodic systems. Surprisingly, short-time classical dynamics leaves permanent imprints on long-time and stationary quantum behavior, which are absent from the long-time classical motion. These imprints can lead to quantum behavior on single-wavelength or single-channel scales which are very different from random matrix theory expectations. Robust and quantitative predictions are obtained using semiclassical methods. Applications to wavefunction intensity statistics and to resonances in open systems are discussed.
description: 8 pages, including 2 figures; talk given at `Dynamics of Complex Systems' workshop in Dresden, 1999 and submitted for conference proceedings to appear in Physica E
Localization and fluctuations of local spectral density on tree-like structures with large connectivity: Application to the quasiparticle line shape in quantum dots
Creators: name: Mirlin, Alexander D.
name: Fyodorov, Yan V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study fluctuations of the local density of states (LDOS) on a tree-like lattice with large branching number $m$. The average form of the local spectral function (at given value of the random potential in the observation point) shows a crossover from the Lorentzian to semicircular form at $α\sim 1/m$, where $α= (V/W)^2$, $V$ is the typical value of the hopping matrix element, and $W$ is the width of the distribution of random site energies. For $α>1/m^2$ the LDOS fluctuations (with respect to this average form) are weak. In the opposite case, $α<1/m^2$, the fluctuations get strong and the average LDOS ceases to be representative, which is related to the existence of the Anderson transition at $α_c\sim 1/(m^2\log^2m)$. On the localized side of the transition the spectrum is discrete, and LDOS is given by a set of $δ$-like peaks. The effective number of components in this regime is given by $1/P$, with $P$ being the inverse participation ratio. It is shown that $P$ has in the transition point a limiting value $P_c$ close to unity, $1-P_c\sim 1/\log m$, so that the system undergoes a transition directly from the deeply localized to extended phase. On the side of delocalized states, the peaks in LDOS get broadened, with a width $\sim\exp\{-{const}\log m[(α-α_c)/α_c]^{-1/2}\}$ being exponentially small near the transition point. We discuss application of our results to the problem of the quasiparticle line shape in a finite Fermi system, as suggested recently by Altshuler, Gefen, Kamenev, and Levitov.
description: 12 pages, 1 figure. Misprints in eqs.(21) and (28) corrected, section VII added. Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. B
Text Mining Customer Reviews For Aspect-based Restaurant Rating
Creators: name: Cuizon, Jovelyn C.
name: Lopez, Jesserine
name: Jones, Danica Rose
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This study applies text mining to analyze customer reviews and automatically assign a collective restaurant star rating based on five predetermined aspects: ambiance, cost, food, hygiene, and service. The application provides a web and mobile crowd sourcing platform where users share dining experiences and get insights about the strengths and weaknesses of a restaurant through user contributed feedback. Text reviews are tokenized into sentences. Noun-adjective pairs are extracted from each sentence using Stanford Core NLP library and are associated to aspects based on the bag of associated words fed into the system. The sentiment weight of the adjectives is determined through AFINN library. An overall restaurant star rating is computed based on the individual aspect rating. Further, a word cloud is generated to provide visual display of the most frequently occurring terms in the reviews. The more feedbacks are added the more reflective the sentiment score to the restaurants' performance.
Symmetric hyperbolic systems for Bianchi equations
Creators: name: Bonilla, Miguel Á. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We obtain a family of first-order symmetric hyperbolic systems for the Bianchi equations. They have only physical characteristics: the light cone and timelike hypersurfaces. In the proof of the hyperbolicity, new positivity properties of the Bel tensor are used.
description: latex, 7 pages, accepted for publication in Class. Quantum Grav
title: Pharmazeutische Zentralhalle für Deutschland 51. Jahrgang 1910
Creators: name: :None
Publisher: name: Schneider
Year: 1910
Subjects: subject: 615

description: Pharmazeutische Zentralhalle für Deutschland: Zeitschrift für wissenschaftliche, praktische und geschäftliche Interessen der Pharmazie, vol. 51. 1910
Hemimyzon Regan 1911
Creators: name: Chen, I-Shiung
name: Harefa, Tonisman
name: Chang, Yung-Ching
name: Han, Chiao-Chuan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Actinopterygii
Cypriniformes
Balitoridae
Hemimyzon

description: An artificial key to 4 endemic species Hemimyzon in Taiwan:
 1a Dorsal fin rays 3+7........................................................................ H. formosanus
1b Dorsal fin rays 3+8................................................................................... 2
 2a Pelvic fin rays 17......................................................................... H. taitungensis
2b Pelvic fin rays usually14............................................................................... 3
 3a Pectoral fin rays 24; lateral-line scales 78-80; the distance of pelvic rear tip to anus about 3 times to that of anus to anal fins.............................................................................................. H. sheni
 3b Pectoral fin rays modally 22; lateral-line scales 69-72; the distance of pelvic rear tip to anus about 1.2-1.8 times to that of anus to anal fins......................................................................... H. yushanensis n. sp.
description: Published as part of Chen, I-Shiung, Harefa, Tonisman, Chang, Yung-Ching & Han, Chiao-Chuan, 2022, Hemimyzon yushanensis, a new species of balitorid fish (Teleostei: Baltiordae) from southern Taiwan, pp. 6-12 in Zootaxa 5189 (1) on page 11, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5189.1.3, http://zenodo.org/record/7119624
Gestion de la circulation routière et revenu du transport en commun dans la ville de Goma
Creators: name: SALEH MSc, EMMANUEL GLOIRE
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Gestion de la circulation ; revenu du transport en commun ; analyse factorielle exploratoire ; dimension de gestion de la circulation ; échelle de mesure.

description: Jusqu’à présent, la gestion de la circulation routière n’a fait l’objet que de très peu de recherche. La présente réflexion se propose de fournir une échelle de mesure de ce concept tout en saisissant son impact sur le revenu du transport en commun dans la ville de Goma. L’article essaie à l’aide d’une approche claire et intelligible de montre que la gestion de la circulation routière est un construit multidimensionnel. La première dimension est le besoin de mobilité, la deuxième est le besoin de sécurité routière et enfin la troisième c’est la protection de l’environnement. L’amélioration de la gestion des trafics routiers peut réduire la fréquence de pannes sur les engins de transport, réduire le cout d’entretien et de réparation des véhicules et par ricochet augmenter le revenu du transport en commun. Cependant, la gestion de la circulation routière n’a pas expliqué statistiquement le revenu du transport en commun dans la ville de Goma.
A simple and sensitive portable system for a rapid evaluation of bisphenol A contamination in potable and environmental waters using a mesoporous silica-modified carbon paste electrode
Creators: name: Morante-Zarcero, Sonia
name: Pérez-Quintanilla, Damián
name: Gañán, Judith
name: Alonso, Isabel Sierra
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry

description: In this work, two ordered mesoporous silicas (HMS and SBA-15) were prepared and incorporated into carbon paste electrodes (CPEs) to obtain mesostructured sensors for a rapid determination of bisphenol A (BPA) in waters by voltammetric techniques. The materials were characterised by nitrogen adsorption-desorption measurements, transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The electrochemical properties of the modified carbon paste electrodes were studied by differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) and cyclic voltammetry (CV). Results showed that the sensor modified with HMS (HMS-CPE) exhibited strong adsorption activity toward the oxidation of BPA, with a well-defined voltammetric peak at +0.6 V. Moreover, the HMS-CPE exhibited a wider linearity range, from 0.44 to 3.5 μM BPA, with a detection limit of 61 nM (S/N = 3) and good reproducibility by DPV. The enhanced performance of the HMS-CPE could be attributed to its high surface area, with a 3 D wormhole-like channel structure that favoured an excellent accessibility, high adsorption capacity and faster adsorption rate of BPA. This novel sensor was coupled to a portable system and successfully applied for a rapid determination of BPA in tap, mineral, well and river water samples with good recovery, ranging from 98 ± 12 to 103 ± 7%.
A novel lightweight hardware-assisted static instrumentation approach for ARM SoC using debug components
Creators: name: Wahab, Muhammad Abdul
name: Cotret, Pascal
name: Allah, Mounir Nasr
name: Hiet, Guillaume
name: Biswas, Arnab Kumar
name: Lapôtre, Vianney
name: Gogniat, Guy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Most of hardware-assisted solutions for software security, program monitoring, and event-checking approaches require instrumentation of the target software, an operation which can be performed using an SBI (Static Binary Instrumentation) or a DBI (Dynamic Binary Instrumentation) framework. Hardware-assisted instrumentation can use one of these two solutions to instrument data to a memory-mapped register. Both these approaches require an in-depth knowledge of frameworks and an important amount of software modifications in order to instrument a whole application. This work proposes a novel way to instrument an application with minor modifications, at the source code level, taking advantage of underlying hardware debug components such as CS (CoreSight) components available on Xilinx Zynq SoCs. As an example, the instrumentation approach proposed in this work is used to detect a double free security attack. Furthermore, it is evaluated in terms of runtime and area overhead. Results show that the proposed solution takes 30 $μ$s on average to instrument an instruction while the optimized version only takes 0.014 us which is ten times better than usual memory-mapped register solutions used in existing works.
Quantum limit of the laser linewidth in chaotic cavities and statistics of residues of scattering matrix poles
Creators: name: Schomerus, H.
name: Frahm, K. M.
name: Patra, M.
name: Beenakker, C. W. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quantum-limited linewidth of a laser cavity is enhanced above the Schawlow-Townes value by the Petermann factor K, due to the non-orthogonality of the cavity modes. We derive the relation between the Petermann factor and the residues of poles of the scattering matrix and investigate the statistical properties of the Petermann factor for cavities in which the radiation is scattered chaotically. For a single scattering channel we determine the complete probability distribution of K and find that the average Petermann factor $$ depends non-analytically on the area of the opening, and greatly exceeds the most probable value. For an arbitrary number N of scattering channels we calculate $$ as a function of the decay rate $Γ$ of the lasing mode. We find for $N\gg 1$ that for typical values of $Γ$ the average Petermann factor $\propto \sqrt{N}\gg 1$ is parametrically larger than unity.
description: 15 pages, 9 figures
Vertical, electrolyte-gated organic transistors: continuous operation in the MA/cm$^2$ regime and use as low-power artificial synapses
Creators: name: Lenz, Jakob
name: del Giudice, Fabio
name: Geisenhof, Fabian R.
name: Winterer, Felix
name: Weitz, R. Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Organic semiconductors are usually not thought to show outstanding performance in highly-integrated, sub 100 nm transistors. Consequently, single-crystalline materials such as SWCNTs, MoS2 or inorganic semiconductors are the material of choice at these nanoscopic dimensions. Here, we show that using a novel vertical field-effect transistor design with a channel length of only 40 nm and a footprint of 2 x 80 x 80 nm$^2$, high electrical performance with organic polymers can be realized when using electrolyte gating. Our organic transistors combine high on-state current densities of above 3 MA/cm$^2$, on/off current modulation ratios of up to 108 and large transconductances of up to 5000 S/m. Given the high on-state currents at yet large on/off ratios, our novel structures also show promise for use in artificial neural networks, where they could operate as memristive devices with sub 100 fJ energy usage.
Observation of the novel type of ordering: Spontaneous ferriquadrupolar order
Creators: name: Zvyagin, A. A.
name: Kutko, K.
name: Kamenskyi, D.
name: Peschanskii, A. V.
name: Poperezhai, S.
name: Nesterenko, N. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using Raman and infrared spectroscopies the spontaneous ferriquadrupolar ordering has been observed in the rare-earth-based system KDy(MoO$_4$)$_2$. Ordered quadrupoles in the electron subsystem attend non-equivalent distortions of rare-earth ions in the ordered phase. The mean field theory explaining the onset of such a type of ordering has been constructed.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Acute effects of dietary plant nutrients on transcriptome profiles: evidence from human studies
Creators: name: Jamshidi, Negar
name: Nitin Mantri
name: Cohen, Marc M.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The health benefits of long-term dietary plant ingestion are well-established. However, literature on acute nutritional challenges is very limited. This study aimed to identify available evidence on transcriptomics responses to acute ingestion of plants or plant extracts and identify signature gene profiles that may serve as biomarkers of health status. We systematically searched electronic databases and extracted information based-on inclusion criteria such as human clinical studies, single plant-based nutrients and outcomes reported on acute transcriptome responses. A total of 11 studies reported on acute intake of plant dietary interventions. Four studies investigating natural oil extracts with three reporting on whole plants and two studies on natural plant-derived extracts. Gene expression was found to be associated with immune response (7 studies), inflammation (9 studies), metabolism (8 studies), cellular processes and cancer. The finding of this systematic review suggests that acute ingestion may significantly impact diverse physiological and pathological pathways including inflammatory, immune, cancer and oxidative stress pathways. Transcriptomics approach is proven to be an effective strategy in discovery of these anticipated mechanisms. Further studies are now required to validate and continue exploring the short-term health impact of dietary plants and their bioactive phytochemicals on gene expression and function.
Possible Experimental Realization of a Basic Z2 Topological Semimetal
Creators: name: Haubold, Erik
name: Fedorov, Alexander
name: Rusinov, Igor P.
name: Menshchikova, Tatiana V.
name: Duppel, Viola
name: Friedrich, Daniel
name: Pielnhofer, Florian
name: Weihrich, Richard
name: Pfitzner, Arno
name: Zeugner, Alexander
name: Isaeva, Anna
name: Thirupathaiah, Setti
name: Kushnirenko, Yevhen
name: Rienks, Emile
name: Kim, Timur
name: Chulkov, Evgueni V.
name: Büchner, Bernd
name: Borisenko, Sergey V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report experimental and theoretical evidence that GaGeTe is a basic $Z_2$ topological semimetal with three types of charge carriers: bulk-originated electrons and holes as well as surface state electrons. This electronic situation is qualitatively similar to the primer 3D topological insulator Bi2Se3, but important differences account for an unprecedented transport scenario in GaGeTe. High-resolution angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy combined with advanced band structure calculations show a small indirect energy gap caused by a peculiar band inversion in the \textit{T}-point of the Brillouin zone in GaGeTe. An energy overlap of the valence and conduction bands brings both electron- and hole-like carriers to the Fermi level, while the momentum gap between the corresponding dispersions remains finite. We argue that peculiarities of the electronic spectrum of GaGeTe have a fundamental importance for the physics of topological matter and may boost the material's application potential.
Multiply Unstable Black Hole Critical Solutions
Creators: name: Liebling, Steven L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The gravitational collapse of a complex scalar field in the harmonic map is modeled in spherical symmetry. Previous work has shown that a change of stability of the attracting critical solution occurs in parameter space from the discretely self-similarity critical (DSS) solution originally found by Choptuik to the continuously self-similar (CSS) solution found by Hirschmann and Eardley. In the region of parameter space in which the DSS is the attractor, a family of initial data is found which finds the CSS as its critical solution despite the fact that it has more than one unstable mode. An explanation of this is proposed in analogy to families that find the DSS in the region where the CSS is the attractor.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures
Application of Tikhonov Regularization in Generalized Inverse of Adjacency Matrix of Undirected Graph
Creators: name: Longhas, Paul Ryan
name: Abdul, Alsafat
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C50

description: In this paper, we found the Moore-Penrose generalized inverse of adjacency matrix of an undirected graph, explicitly. We proved that the matrix $R_λ= [r_{ij}]$ is nonsingular where $r_{ii}=\frac{1}λ+ °v_i$ and $r_{ij}=\mid N_G(V_i)\cap N_G(V_j)\mid$ for $i\neq j$, and we proved that $A^{\dagger}_G=[s_{ij}]_{1\leq i, j \leq n}$ where $\displaystyle{s_{ij}=s_{ji}=\lim_{λ\rightarrow +\infty} \langle R^{-1}_λe_j, f_i \rangle }$. The proof of the main result was based on the Tikhonov regularization.
description: 6, articles
Detection of perfusion ROI as a quality control in perfusion analysis
Creators: name: Alkhimova, Svitlana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In perfusion analysis automated approaches for image processing is preferable due to reduce time-consuming tasks for radiologists. Assessment of perfusion results quality is important step in development of algorithms for automated processing. One of them is an assessment of perfusion maps quality based on detection of perfusion ROI.
Extracting gamma-ray information from images with convolutional neural network methods on simulated Cherenkov Telescope Array data
Creators: name: Mangano, S.
name: Delgado, C.
name: Bernardos, M.
name: Lallena, M.
name: Vázquez, J. J. Rodríguez
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) will be the world's leading ground-based gamma-ray observatory allowing us to study very high energy phenomena in the Universe. CTA will produce huge data sets, of the order of petabytes, and the challenge is to find better alternative data analysis methods to the already existing ones. Machine learning algorithms, like deep learning techniques, give encouraging results in this direction. In particular, convolutional neural network methods on images have proven to be effective in pattern recognition and produce data representations which can achieve satisfactory predictions. We test the use of convolutional neural networks to discriminate signal from background images with high rejections factors and to provide reconstruction parameters from gamma-ray events. The networks are trained and evaluated on artificial data sets of images. The results show that neural networks trained with simulated data can be useful to extract gamma-ray information. Such networks would help us to make the best use of large quantities of real data coming in the next decades.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures, ANNPR 2018 conference, 8th IAPR TC3 Workshop on Artificial Neural Networks in Pattern Recognition
The Upper Asymptotic Giant Branch of the Elliptical Galaxy Maffei 1, and Comparisons with M32 and NGC 5128
Creators: name: Davidge, T. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Deep near-infrared images obtained with adaptive optics systems on the Gemini North and Canada-France-Hawaii telescopes are used to investigate the bright stellar content and central regions of the nearby elliptical galaxy Maffei 1. Stars evolving on the upper asymptotic giant branch (AGB) are resolved in a field 3 arcmin from the center of the galaxy. The locus of bright giants on the (K, H-K) color-magnitude diagram is consistent with a population of stars like those in Baade's Window reddened by E(H-K) = 0.28 +/- 0.05 mag. This corresponds to A_V = 4.5 +/- 0.8 mag, and is consistent with previous estimates of the line of sight extinction computed from the integrated properties of Maffei 1. The AGB-tip occurs at K = 20.0, which correponds to M_K = -8.7; hence, the AGB-tip brightness in Maffei 1 is comparable to that in M32, NGC 5128, and the bulges of M31 and the Milky-Way. The near-infrared luminosity functions (LFs) of bright AGB stars in Maffei 1, M32, and NGC 5128 are also in excellent agreement, both in terms of overall shape and the relative density of infrared-bright stars with respect to the fainter stars that dominate the light at visible and red wavelengths. It is concluded that the brightest AGB stars in Maffei 1, NGC 5128, M32, and the bulge of M31 trace an old, metal-rich population, rather than an intermediate age population. It is also demonstrated that Maffei 1 contains a distinct red nucleus, and this is likely the optical signature of low-level nuclear activity and/or a distinct central stellar population. Finally, there is an absence of globular clusters brighter than the peak of the globular cluster LF in the central 700 x 700 parsecs of Maffei 1.
description: 22 pages of text and 9 postscript figures; to appear in the Astronomical Journal
The passive polymer problem
Creators: name: Wiese, Kay Joerg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article, we introduce a generalization of the diffusive motion of point-particles in a turbulent convective flow with given correlations to a polymer or membrane. In analogy to the passive scalar problem we call this the passive polymer or membrane problem. We shall focus on the expansion about the marginal limit of velocity-velocity correlations which are uncorrelated in time and grow with the distance x as |x|^epsilon, and epsilon small. This relation gets modified for polymers and membranes (the marginal advecting flow has correlations which are shorter ranged.) The construction is done in three steps: First, we reconsider the treatment of the passive scalar problem using the most convenient treatment via field theory and renormalization group. We explicitly show why IR-divergences and thus the system-size appear in physical observables. In a second step, we reformulate the problem in terms of a Langevin equation. This is not only interesting in its own, but also gives an efficient algorithm to determine S^{2n} numerically. In a third and final step, we generalize the Langevin treatment of a particle to polymers and membranes, or more generally to an elastic object of inner dimension D with 0 <= D <= 2. These objects can intersect each other. We also analyze what happens when self-intersections are no longer allowed.
description: 37 pages, Latex2e, third corrected version
Effect of Sinusoidal Surface Roughness and Energy on the Orientation of Cylinder-Forming Block Copolymer Thin Films
Creators: name: Zhu, Yanyan
name: Aissou, Karim
name: Andelman, David
name: Man, Xingkun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the relative stability of three possible orientations of cylinder-forming di-block copolymer on a sinusoidally corrugated substrate. The cylinders can be aligned either parallel to the substrate, with their long axis being oriented along or orthogonal to the corrugation trenches, or perpendicular to the substrate. Using self-consistent field theory, we investigate the influence of substrate roughness and surface preference on the phase transition between the three orientations. When the substrate preference, $u$, towards one of components is small, increasing the substrate roughness induces a phase transition from parallel to perpendicular cylindrical phase. However, when $u$ is large, the parallel orientation is more stable than the perpendicular one. Within this parallel phase, increasing the substrate roughness leads to a transition of cylinder orientation changing from being orthogonal to parallel to the trench long axis. Increasing the substrate preference leads to an opposite transition from parallel to orthogonal to the trenches. Furthermore, we predict that the perpendicular cylinder phase is easier to be obtained when the unidirectional corrugation is along the longer unit vector of the hexagonal packing than when it is along the shorter unit vector. Our results qualitatively agree with previous experiments, and contribute towards applications of the cylinder-forming block copolymer in nanotechnology.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures
Mechanisms for improving the economic efficiency of livestock development in the Republic of Kazakhstan
Creators: name: Yegemberdiyev, Ruslan
name: Yessirkepova, Altyn
name: Baineyeva, Parida
name: Kamalov, Akhmet
name: Orazova, Bibigul
Publisher: name: International Journal on Food System Dynamics
Year: 2024
Subjects: Agricultural activity; management mechanisms; output volumes; dairy cattle breeding; poultry farming

description: The purpose of this study is to determine the optimal ways to increase the economic efficiency of animal husbandry, considering the problems of development and efficiency of the livestock industry in Kazakhstan. The results are based on the systematisation of the information studied, which highlights the trends in the development of the livestock industry of the Republic of Kazakhstan from 2018 to 2022, considering the foreign experience in the development of the industry, which determined the optimal mechanisms for improving the economic efficiency of the livestock industry in Kazakhstan. The balance of Kazakhstan's foreign trade was calculated.
description: International Journal on Food System Dynamics, Vol 15, No 3 (2024): Country Issue: Kazakhstan
Scalar-Tensor Cosmologies and their Late Time Evolution
Creators: name: Santiago, David I.
name: Kalligas, Dimitri
name: Wagoner, Robert V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the asymptotic behavior at late times of Friedmann-Robertson-Walker (uniform density) cosmological models within scalar-tensor theories of gravity. Particularly, we analyze the late time behavior in the present (matter dominated) epoch of the universe. The result of Damour and Nordtvedt that for a massless scalar in a flat cosmology the Universe evolves towards a state indistinguishable from general relativity is generalized. We first study a massless scalar field in an open universe. It is found that, while the universe tends to approach a state with less scalar contribution to gravity, the attractor mechanism is not effective enough to drive the theory towards a final state indistinguishable from general relativity. For the self-interacting case it is found that the scalar field potential dominates the late time behavior. In most cases this makes the attractor mechanism effective, thus resulting in a theory of gravity with vanishingly small scalar contribution even for the open Universe.
description: 23 pages, no figures. Submitted for publicatiom in Phys. Rev, D15
Verifying an Effect-Handler-Based Define-By-Run Reverse-Mode AD Library
Creators: name: de Vilhena, Paulo Emílio
name: Pottier, François
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We apply program verification technology to the problem of specifying and verifying automatic differentiation (AD) algorithms. We focus on define-by-run, a style of AD where the program that must be differentiated is executed and monitored by the automatic differentiation algorithm. We begin by asking, "what is an implementation of AD?" and "what does it mean for an implementation of AD to be correct?" We answer these questions both at an informal level, in precise English prose, and at a formal level, using types and logical assertions. After answering these broad questions, we focus on a specific implementation of AD, which involves a number of subtle programming-language features, including dynamically allocated mutable state, first-class functions, and effect handlers. We present a machine-checked proof, expressed in a modern variant of Separation Logic, of its correctness. We view this result as an advanced exercise in program verification, with potential future applications to the verification of more realistic automatic differentiation systems and of other software components that exploit delimited-control effects.
Inferring Symbolic Automata
Creators: name: Fisman, Dana
name: Frenkel, Hadar
name: Zilles, Sandra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Formal Languages and Automata Theory (cs.FL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We study the learnability of symbolic finite state automata (SFA), a model shown useful in many applications in software verification. The state-of-the-art literature on this topic follows the query learning paradigm, and so far all obtained results are positive. We provide a necessary condition for efficient learnability of SFAs in this paradigm, from which we obtain the first negative result. The main focus of our work lies in the learnability of SFAs under the paradigm of identification in the limit using polynomial time and data, and its strengthening efficient identifiability, which are concerned with the existence of a systematic set of characteristic samples from which a learner can correctly infer the target language. We provide a necessary condition for identification of SFAs in the limit using polynomial time and data, and a sufficient condition for efficient learnability of SFAs. From these conditions we derive a positive and a negative result. The performance of a learning algorithm is typically bounded as a function of the size of the representation of the target language. Since SFAs, in general, do not have a canonical form, and there are trade-offs between the complexity of the predicates on the transitions and the number of transitions, we start by defining size measures for SFAs. We revisit the complexity of procedures on SFAs and analyze them according to these measures, paying attention to the special forms of SFAs: normalized SFAs and neat SFAs, as well as to SFAs over a monotonic effective Boolean algebra. This is an extended version of the paper with the same title published in CSL'22.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2011.05389
Interface between the long-term propagation and the destructive re-entry phases exploiting the overshoot boundary
Creators: name: Fusaro, Christian
name: Trisolini, Mirko
name: Colombo, Camilla
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In recent years, due to the constant increase of the density of satellites in the space environment, several studies have been focused on the development of active and passive strategies to remove and mitigate space debris. This work investigates the feasibility of developing a reliable and fast approach to analyze the re-entry of a satellite. The numerical model interfaces the long-term orbit propagation obtained through semi-analytical methods with the atmospheric destructive re-entry phase exploiting the concept of overshoot boundary, highlighting the effect that an early break-off of the solar panels can have on the re-entry prediction. The re-entry of ESA's INTEGRAL mission is chosen as a test case to demonstrate the efficiency of the model in producing a complete simulation of the re-entry. The simulation of the destructive re-entry phase is produced using an object-oriented approach, paying attention to the demisability process of the most critical components of the space system.
description: 10 pages, 9 figures, pre-proof of accepted article in Journal of Space Safety Engineering
Structural Liveness of Immediate Observation Petri Nets
Creators: name: Jancar, Petr
name: Valusek, Jiri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We look in detail at the structural liveness problem (SLP) for subclasses of Petri nets, namely immediate observation nets (IO nets) and their generalized variant called branching immediate multi-observation nets (BIMO nets), that were recently introduced by Esparza, Raskin, and Weil-Kennedy. We show that SLP is PSPACE-hard for IO nets and in PSPACE for BIMO nets. In particular, we discuss the (small) bounds on the token numbers in net places that are decisive for a marking to be (non)live.
description: Final version
Robustness against Read Committed for Transaction Templates with Functional Constraints
Creators: name: Vandevoort, Brecht
name: Ketsman, Bas
name: Koch, Christoph
name: Neven, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The popular isolation level Multiversion Read Committed (RC) trades some of the strong guarantees of serializability for increased transaction throughput. Sometimes, transaction workloads can be safely executed under RC obtaining serializability at the lower cost of RC. Such workloads are said to be robust against RC. Previous work has yielded a tractable procedure for deciding robustness against RC for workloads generated by transaction programs modeled as transaction templates. An important insight of that work is that, by more accurately modeling transaction programs, we are able to recognize larger sets of workloads as robust. In this work, we increase the modeling power of transaction templates by extending them with functional constraints, which are useful for capturing data dependencies like foreign keys. We show that the incorporation of functional constraints can identify more workloads as robust that otherwise would not be. Even though we establish that the robustness problem becomes undecidable in its most general form, we show that various restrictions on functional constraints lead to decidable and even tractable fragments that can be used to model and test for robustness against RC for realistic scenarios.
Rewriting with Acyclic Queries: Mind Your Head
Creators: name: Geck, Gaetano
name: Keppeler, Jens
name: Schwentick, Thomas
name: Spinrath, Christopher
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The paper studies the rewriting problem, that is, the decision problem whether, for a given conjunctive query $Q$ and a set $\mathcal{V}$ of views, there is a conjunctive query $Q'$ over $\mathcal{V}$ that is equivalent to $Q$, for cases where the query, the views, and/or the desired rewriting are acyclic or even more restricted. It shows that, if $Q$ itself is acyclic, an acyclic rewriting exists if there is any rewriting. An analogous statement also holds for free-connex acyclic, hierarchical, and q-hierarchical queries. Regarding the complexity of the rewriting problem, the paper identifies a border between tractable and (presumably) intractable variants of the rewriting problem: for schemas of bounded arity, the acyclic rewriting problem is NP-hard, even if both $Q$ and the views in $\mathcal{V}$ are acyclic or hierarchical. However, it becomes tractable if the views are free-connex acyclic (i.e., in a nutshell, their body is (i) acyclic and (ii) remains acyclic if their head is added as an additional atom).
Half-Periodic Josephson Effect in an s-Wave Superconductor - Normal Metal -d-Wave Superconductor Junction
Creators: name: Zagoskin, Alexandre M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We predict that the Josephson current in a clean s-wave superconductor-normal metal-d-wave superconductor junction is periodic in superconducting phase difference $ϕ$ with period $π$ instead of $2π$. The frequency of non-stationary Josephson effect is correspondingly $2ω_J = 4eV.$ The effect is due to coexistence in the normal layer of current carrying Andreev levels with phase differences $ϕ$ and $ϕ+π.$
description: 4 pages, REVTeX, 3 figures
Bounding conjugacy depth functions for wreath products of finitely generated abelian groups
Creators: name: Ferov, Michal
name: Pengitore, Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this article, we study the asymptotic behaviour of conjugacy separability for wreath products of abelian groups. We fully characterise the asymptotic class in the case of lamplighter groups and give exponential upper and lower bounds for generalised lamplighter groups. In the case where the base group is infinite, we give superexponential lower and upper bounds. We apply our results to obtain lower bounds for conjugacy depth functions of various wreath products of groups where the acting group is not abelian.
description: 33 pages. Published in journal of Groups, Complexity, Cryptology. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2111.14722
$^{180}$Ta production in the classical s-process
Creators: name: Loewe, Markus
name: Alexa, Petr
name: de Boer, Jorrit
name: Wuerkner, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The production and survival of the quasistable isomer $^{180}$Ta during the stellar nucleosynthesis has remained a matter of discussion for years. A careful analysis of the available experimental data and theoretical calculations enabled us to reproduce the observed solar abundance of $^{180}$Ta in the classical s-process ($kT=28$ keV -- 33 keV).
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Deep and narrow CO absorption revealing molecular clouds in the Hydra-A brightest cluster galaxy
Creators: name: Rose, Tom
name: Edge, A. C.
name: Combes, F.
name: Gaspari, M.
name: Hamer, S.
name: Nesvadba, N.
name: Russell, H.
name: Tremblay, G. R.
name: Baum, S. A.
name: O'Dea, C.
name: Peck, A. B.
name: Sarazin, C.
name: Vantyghem, A.
name: Bremer, M.
name: Donahue, M.
name: Fabian, A. C.
name: Ferland, G.
name: McNamara, B. R.
name: Mittal, R.
name: Oonk, J. B. R.
name: Salomé, P.
name: Swinbank, A. M.
name: Voit, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Active galactic nuclei play a crucial role in the accretion and ejection of gas in galaxies. Although their outflows are well studied, finding direct evidence of accretion has proved very difficult and has so far been done for very few sources. A promising way to study the significance of cold accretion is by observing the absorption of an active galactic nucleus's extremely bright radio emission by the cold gas lying along the line-of-sight. As such, we present ALMA CO(1-0) and CO(2-1) observations of the Hydra-A brightest cluster galaxy (z=0.054) which reveal the existence of cold, molecular gas clouds along the line-of-sight to the galaxy's extremely bright and compact mm-continuum source. They have apparent motions relative to the central supermassive black hole of between -43 and -4 km s$^{-1}$ and are most likely moving along stable, low ellipticity orbits. The identified clouds form part of a $\sim$$10^{9}$ $\text{M}_{\odot}$, approximately edge-on disc of cold molecular gas. With peak CO(2-1) optical depths of $τ$=0.88 $^{+0.06}_{-0.06}$, they include the narrowest and by far the deepest absorption of this type which has been observed to date in a brightest cluster galaxy. By comparing the relative strengths of the lines for the most strongly absorbing region, we are able to estimate a gas temperature of $42^{+25}_{-11}$ K and line-of-sight column densities of $N_{CO}=2^{+3}_{-1}\times 10 ^{17} cm^{-2}$ and $N_{ H_{2} }=7^{+10}_{-4}\times 10 ^{20} cm^{-2}$.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures, accepted to MNRAS
Two-Particle Dispersion in Model Velocity Fields
Creators: name: Sokolov, I. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider two-particle dispersion in a velocity field, where the relative two-point velocity scales according to $v^{2}(r)\propto r^α$ and the corresponding correlation time scales as $τ(r)\propto r^β$, and fix $α=2/3$, as typical for turbulent flows. We show that two generic types of dispersion behavior arize: For $α/2+β< 1$ the correlations in relative velocities decouple and the diffusion approximation holds. In the opposite case, $α/2+β>1$, the relative motion is strongly correlated. The case of Kolmogorov flows corresponds to a marginal, nongeneric situation.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, Latex