cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Killing tensors and a new geometric duality
Creators: name: Rietdijk, R. H.
name: van Holten, J. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a theorem describing a dual relation between the local geometry of a space admitting a symmetric second-rank Killing tensor, and the local geometry of a space with a metric specified by this Killing tensor. The relation can be generalized to spinning spaces, but only at the expense of introducing torsion. This introduces new supersymmetries in their geometry. Interesting examples in four dimensions include the Kerr-Newman metric of spinning black-holes and self-dual Taub-NUT.
description: 20 pages (a4), standard LaTeX, no figures
Quantum Dot Dynamics in a Bose-Einstein Condensate
Creators: name: West, Tristan
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2013

description: This thesis investigates the dynamics of an atomic quantum dot (AQD) coupled to a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) via particle exchange and interactions. This is motivated by the possibility of using such a system as a non-destructive probe of the BEC. A review of the physics of a BEC and relevant impurity models is presented. The collisional blockade regime of the AQD is considered, and the AQD is modelled as a spin-1/2 pseudospin. Having expressed the BEC in terms of number and phase, the semi-classical ground state of the system is determined. The fluctuations in number and phase around this ground state are assumed to be small. Using Fermi's golden rule, the decay rates of the system are calculated. The system dynamics are found to be highly dependent on dimensionality and the coupling between AQD and BEC. Having derived the action for this system, it is found that the small phase fluctuation assumption fails in two dimensions and for certain limits in three dimensions. We attempt to circumvent this difficulty using a canonical transformation. The resulting system is related to a biased spin-boson model. Expressing the pseudospin in terms of Schwinger bosons, the self energy for this system is determined. Green's functions for the system are derived by solving Dyson's equation, and a decay rate is extracted. Determining the spin-spin temporal correlation functions by solving the Bethe-Salpeter equation is found to be intractable due to the Schwinger boson number constraint. The possibility of avoiding this problem using the Holstein-Primakoff representation in a large-S generalisation of the AQD states is explored. We find that the pseudospin precession can be controlled by tuning the coupling parameters and the interactions in the BEC. In particular, we found two unexpected regimes where the pseudospin precession can be slowed down to arbitrarily small frequencies.
Microscopic theory of two-step yielding in attractive colloids
Creators: name: Altieri, Ada
name: Urbani, Pierfrancesco
name: Zamponi, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Attractive colloids display two distinct amorphous solid phases: the attractive glass, due to particle bonding, and the repulsive glass, due to the hard core repulsion. By means of a microscopic mean field approach, we analyze their response to a quasi-static shear strain. We find that the presence of two distinct interaction length scales may result in a sharp two-step yielding process, which can be associated with a hysteretic stress response, or with a reversible but non-monotonic stress-strain curve. We derive a generic phase diagram characterized by two distinct yielding lines, an inverse yielding, and a critical point separating the hysteretic and reversible regimes. Our results should be applicable to a large class of glassy materials characterized by two distinct interaction length scales.
description: Updated version with references added. 6 pages, 3 figures
Growth, grain yield, water and nitrogen use efficiency of rainfed maize in response to straw mulching and urea blended with slow-release nitrogen fertilizer: A two-year field study
Creators: name: Guo, Jinjin
name: Fan, Junliang
name: Zhang, Fucang
name: Yan, Shicheng
name: Wu, You
name: Zheng, Jing
name: Xiang, Youzhen
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Plant Biology

description: The integrated management of water and fertilizer has been widely applied for effectively utilizing limited rainwater resources in rainfed farming systems. However, the combined effect of straw mulching and urea blended with slow-release nitrogen fertilizer (SU) on rainfed maize has seldom been studied. A two-year field experiment (2016–2017) was conducted to evaluate the effects of various agronomic practices, i.e. wheat straw mulching over the entire soil surface (QSU), wheat straw mulching over the partial soil surface (DSU), and water-retaining agent (BSU) under two N application rates (N1: 120 kg ha−1 and N2: 180 kg ha−1) on rainfed maize in northwest China. The results showed that DSUN2 delayed leaf senescence, increased chlorophyll content and photosynthesis, promoted N uptake, and increased grain yield (GY) (by 19.34%-39.91% in 2016 and 11.00%-52.57% in 2017), water use efficiency (WUE) (by 14.35%-56.21% in 2016 and 8.87%-57.44% in 2017) and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) (by 12.03%-31.82% in 2016 and 0.49%-9.34% in 2017). More soil water was retained by QSU, which significantly promoted maize growth, but decreased GY compared with DSU. In conclusion, DSUN2 was the most effective agricultural management practice for improving GY, WUE and NUE of rained maize in northwest China.
Image Deconvolution of the Radio Ring PKS 1830-211
Creators: name: Courbin, F.
name: Lidman, C.
name: Frye, B.
name: Magain, P.
name: Broadhurst, T. J.
name: Pahre, M. A.
name: Djorgovski, S. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: New high quality Keck and ESO images of PKS 1830-211 are presented. Applying a powerful new deconvolution algorithm to these optical and infrared data, both images of the flat spectrum core of the radio source have been identified. An extended source is also detected in the optical images, consistent with the expected location of the lensing galaxy. The source counterparts are very red at I-K~7, suggesting strong Galactic absorption with additional absorption by the lensing galaxy at z=0.885, and consistent with the detection of high redshift molecules in the lens.
description: 11 pages, LaTex file + postscript figures, Accepted for publication in ApJ Letters
title: Atypical intraventricular meningioma in an adult female
Creators: name: Girish, L
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Neuroradiology
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: MR
subject: Neoplasia
subject: Clinical Cases

description: Clinical History: A 50-year-old woman presented with history of acute exacerbation of chronic headache and gradually progressive weakness of left upper and lower limbs of 2 weeks duration. Neurologic evaluation reveals reduced power (3/5) in left upper limb and left lower limb, exaggerated left sided deep tendon reflexes and papilledema.

description: 50 years, female
Four new caffeoylgluconic acid positional isomers from the fruits of Evodia rutaecarpa
Creators: name: Wang, Liang
name: Wang, Dai-Jie
name: Guo, Wei
name: Sun, Kai-Bin
name: Huang, Na-Na
name: Sun, Rong
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Four new compounds, 4-O-trans-caffeoylgluconic acid (1), 2-O-trans-caffeoylgluconic acid (2), 3-O-trans-caffeoylgluconic acid (3), 5-O-trans-caffeoylgluconic acid (4), together with three known ones including 6-O-trans-caffeoylgluconic acid (5), neochlorogenic acid (6), chlorogenic acid (7) were obtained from the fruits of Evodia rutaecarpa. Their structure elucidation was achieved by the methods of spectroscopic analyses, including HR-ESI-MS, NMR, and by comparison with literatures. The hepatotoxicity of compounds 1–3 was evaluated by CCK-8 method.
title: ADCO, Neuvième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (1661 - 1684), Cart. 32 (G 136), 745 folios, f. 0815
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CG21/F.PETOT/2012
name: Petot, Frédéric
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge
subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris
subject: cartulaire

description: Neuvième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (1661 - 1684), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 32 (G 136), 745 folios, f. 0815, Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Neuvième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (1661 - 1684), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 32 (G 136), 745 folios, f. 0815, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https:// manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: abbaye Saint-Étienne de Dijon
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q15945019
Adrenaline Hunters: Past, Present and Future at 1900
Creators: name: Tetsumori Yamashima
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Jokichi Takamine
Keizo Uenaka
Parke
Davis & Co
Adrenaline
Epinephrin
Vulpian reaction
Adrenal medulla
Adrenalin Memorandum

description: Adrenal gland was first described by the Italian anatomist Eustachio in 1564, but its physiologic role remained unknown for three centuries. Even after the report of Addison’s disease in 1855, nobody knew its function. Oliver and Schäfer first discovered the blood pressure-raising property of adrenal extracts in 1894. Accordingly, in the late 1890’s, highly motivated scientists had directed their attention to isolate active principle for the therapeutic utilization, but all failed. For instance, Abel’s preparation ‘epinephrine’ was an inactive benzoylated derivative. In August 5, 1900 the Japanese industrial chemist Takamine and his young associate Uenaka settled in New York, succeeded to crystallize the adrenal extract by a procedure different from any yet employed. The active principle was isolated in the vacuum pan, crystallized with ammonia, and confirmed by the Vulpian reaction. ‘Uenaka’s Experimental Memorandum’ describes that the novel crystal was coined ‘adrenalin’ (no “e”) on November 7, 1900. Simultaneously, Takamine applied the US patent which was approved on June 2, 1903, and Parke, Davis & Company trademarked the name ‘Adrenalin’ to market worldwide. As a hemostatic during surgery and for treating heart failure, adrenaline has saved numerous lives. There are historical, etymological and practical justifications for using the term ‘adrenaline’.
Oral history interview with Michael Gifford, 1986
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2021
Subjects: High-rise apartment buildings--New York (State)

description: Education: Carnegie Mellon University, majored in theater. Established own public relations firm in 1968 with husband. Lobbied for and promoted Manhattan Plaza. Opposition from Seymour Durst and Broadway Association. New York City Board of Estimate. Section 8 housing subsidies for performing arts. Theater, Broadway
MOESM1 of Global Hypoxia-Ischemia Induced Inflammation and Structural Changes in the Preterm Ovine Gut Which Were Not Ameliorated by Mesenchymal Stem Cell Treatment
Creators: name: Nikiforou, Maria
name: Willburger, Carolin
name: Jong, Anja
name: Kloosterboer, Nico
name: Jellema, Reint
name: Ophelders, Daan
name: Steinbusch, Harry
name: Kramer, Boris
name: Wolfs, Tim
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer

description: Global Hypoxia-Ischemia Induced Inflammation and Structural Changes in the Preterm Ovine Gut Which Were Not Ameliorated by Mesenchymal Stem Cell Treatment
Microfluidic-assisted silk nanoparticle tuning
Creators: name: Wongpinyochit, Thidarat
name: Totten, John D.
name: Johnston, Blair F.
name: Seib, F. Philipp
Publisher: name: Cambridge : Royal Society of Chemistry
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: silk
subject: silk nanoparticle
subject: nanotechnology
subject: 540

description: Silk is now making inroads into advanced pharmaceutical and biomedical applications. Both bottom-up and top-down approaches can be applied to silk and the resulting aqueous silk solution can be processed into a range of material formats, including nanoparticles. Here, we demonstrate the potential of microfluidics for the continuous production of silk nanoparticles with tuned particle characteristics. Our microfluidic-based design ensured efficient mixing of different solvent phases at the nanoliter scale, in addition to controlling the solvent ratio and flow rates. The total flow rate and aqueous : solvent ratios were important parameters affecting yield (1 mL min−1 > 12 mL min−1). The ratios also affected size and stability; a solvent : aqueous total flow ratio of 5 : 1 efficiently generated spherical nanoparticles 110 and 215 nm in size that were stable in water and had a high beta-sheet content. These 110 and 215 nm silk nanoparticles were not cytotoxic (IC50 > 100 μg mL−1) but showed size-dependent cellular trafficking. Overall, microfluidic-assisted silk nanoparticle manufacture is a promising platform that allows control of the silk nanoparticle properties by manipulation of the processing variables.
Supergravity description of field theories on curved manifolds and a no go theorem
Creators: name: Maldacena, Juan
name: Nunez, Carlos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the first part of this paper we find supergravity solutions corresponding to branes on worldvolumes of the form $R^d \times Σ$ where $Σ$ is a Riemann surface. These theories arise when we wrap branes on holomorphic Riemann surfaces inside $K3$ or CY manifolds. In some cases the theory at low energies is a conformal field theory with two less dimensions. We find some non-singular supersymmetric compactifications of M-theory down to $AdS_5$. We also propose a criterion for permissible singularities in supergravity solutions. In the second part of this paper, which can be read independently of the first, we show that there are no non-singular Randall-Sundrum or de-Sitter compactifications for large class of gravity theories.
description: latex, 37 pages. v2: References added
Photon Coupling Effects and Advanced Characterisations of Multiple-Quantum-Well Multi-Junction Solar Cells
Creators: name: Lee, Kan-Hua
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2014

description: Achieving optimal band-gap combinations of multi-junction solar cells at production level is the most difficult challenge in concentrator photovoltaics. To improve the state-of-the-art InGaP/InGaAs/Ge triple-junction cells, it requires that the band gaps of the top and middle junction to be lower or an additional 1 eV junction. This involves lattice-mismatch growth or introducing dilute nitrides materials, which makes it difficult to scale up to production at low cost. Strain-balanced multiple quantum wells (MQWs) in the middle junction has been very well-studied as a means to adjust the absorption edges of the middle junction in multi-junction solar cells. To fully optimise the efficiency of solar cells with MQW GaAs subcell, an InGaP top cell with MQWs also has to be introduced to achieve current-matching. The aim of this thesis is to address the issues of production multi-junction cell with MQWs. We studied the material properties of MQW InGaP subcells and demonstrated its strong photon coupling effects in multi-junction devices. Several characterisation techniques were developed to acquire deeper understanding of the material qualities and sheet resistance of MQW solar cells.
Quantum effects of stringy and membranic nature for the swimming of micro-organisms in a fluid
Creators: name: Elizalde, E.
name: Kawamura, M.
name: Nojiri, S.
name: Odintsov, S. D.
name: Sugamoto, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The static potential is investigated in string and membrane theories coupled to $U(1)$ gauge fields (specifically, external magnetic fields) and with antisymmetric tensor fields. The explicit dependence of the potential on the shape of the extended objects is obtained, including a careful calculation of the quantum effects. Noting the features which are common to the dynamics of strings and membranes moving in background fields and to the swimming of micro-organisms in a fluid, the latter problem is studied. The Casimir energy of a micro-organism is estimated, taking into account the quantum effects and the backreaction from the outside fluid. The static potential is investigated in string and membrane theories coupled to $U(1)$ gauge fields (specifically, external magnetic fields) and with antisymmetric tensor fields. The explicit dependence of the potential on the shape of the extended objects is obtained, including a careful calculation of the quantum effects. Noting the features which are common to the dynamics of strings and membranes moving in background fields and to the swimming of micro-organisms in a fluid, the latter problem is studied. The Casimir energy of a micro-organism is estimated, taking into account the quantum effects and the backreaction from the outside fluid.
description: Latex file, 16pp
Non-Linear Electrodynamics in Curved Backgrounds
Creators: name: Gibbons, Gary W.
name: Hashimoto, Koji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study non-linear electrodynamics in curved space from the viewpoint of dualities. After establishing the existence of a topological bound for self-dual configurations of Born-Infeld field in curved space, we check that the energy-momentum tensor vanishes. These properties are shown to hold for general duality-invariant non-linear electrodynamics. We give the dimensional reduction of Born-Infeld action to three dimensions in a general curved background admitting a Killing vector. The SO(2) duality symmetry becomes manifest but other symmetries present in flat space are broken, as is U-duality when one couples to gravity. We generalize our arguments on duality to the case of n U(1) gauge fields, and present a new Lagrangian possessing SO(n) X SO(2)_elemag duality symmetry. Other properties of this model such as Legendre duality and enhancement of the symmetry by adding dilaton and axion, are studied. We extend our arguments to include a background b-field in the curved space, and give new examples including almost Kaehler manifolds and Schwarzshild black holes with a $b$-field.
description: 35 pages, LaTeX, Comments and references added, a part of Sec. 5.1 deleted, published version
title: Пульмонология. Редкие заболевания и синдромы (клинические разборы)
title: Учебное пособие
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Морозов Ю.М.
name:  Оболенская Т.И.
name:  Турчина М.С.
Publisher: name: Ай Пи Ар Медиа
Year: 2020

description: В учебном пособии приведены основные сведения о редких видах патологии легких, встречающихся в медицинской практике. Материал изложен в форме разборов отдельных клинических случаев заболеваний, что позволяет легко воспринимать и запоминать информацию. Значительная часть информации представлена авторами на основании собственных наблюдений. Подготовлено с учетом требований Федерального государственного образовательного стандарта высшего образования. Учебное пособие предназначено, прежде всего, для студентов медицинских вузов всех специальностей, изучающих дисциплину «Пульмонология», но может быть полезным для врачей всех профилей.
title: ADCO, Cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (XIVe siècle), Cart. 24 (G 137), 31 folios, f. 0053
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CG21/F.PETOT/2011
name: Petot, Frédéric
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris
subject: cartulaire
subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge

description: Cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (XIVe siècle), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 24 (G 137), 31 folios, f. 0053, Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (XIVe siècle), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 24 (G 137), 31 folios, f. 0053, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https://manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: abbaye Saint-Étienne de Dijon
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q15945019
Enhanced Gauge Symmetries and Calabi-Yau Threefolds
Creators: name: Aspinwall, Paul S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the general case of a type IIA string compactified on a Calabi-Yau manifold which has a heterotic dual description. It is shown that the nonabelian gauge symmetries which can appear nonperturbatively in the type II string but which are understood perturbatively in the heterotic string are purely a result of string-string duality in six dimensions. We illustrate this with some examples.
description: 11 pages, LaTeX
Charged domain walls in improper ferroelectric hexagonal manganites and gallates
Creators: name: Småbråten, Didrik R.
name: Meier, Quintin N.
name: Skjærvø, Sandra H.
name: Inzani, Katherine
name: Meier, Dennis
name: Selbach, Sverre M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ferroelectric domain walls are attracting broad attention as atomic-scale switches, diodes and mobile wires for next-generation nanoelectronics. Charged domain walls in improper ferroelectrics are particularly interesting as they offer multifunctional properties and an inherent stability not found in proper ferroelectrics. Here we study the energetics and structure of charged walls in improper ferroelectric YMnO$_3$, InMnO$_3$ and YGaO$_3$ by first principles calculations and phenomenological modeling. Positively and negatively charged walls are asymmetric in terms of local structure and width, reflecting that polarization is not the driving force for domain formation. The wall width scales with the amplitude of the primary structural order parameter and the coupling strength to the polarization. We introduce general rules for how to engineer $n$- and $p$-type domain wall conductivity based on the domain size, polarization and electronic band gap. This opens the possibility of fine-tuning the local transport properties and design $p$-$n$-junctions for domain wall-based nano-circuitry.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures, Supp. Info. available on request
Phalaena atriplicis Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Noctuidae
Phalaena
Phalaena atriplicis

description: Phalaena atriplicis [spec. nov.]
P. Noctua spirilinguis cristata: alis deflexis nebulosis litura fulva. �
Roes. ins. 1. phal. 2. t. 31.
Wilk. pap. 3. t. 1. a. 2.
Habitat in Atriplice, Rumice.
Larva laevis, nuda, rufescens punctis albis.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 517, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Additional file 2: of The associations between staffing hours and quality of care indicators in long-term care
Creators: name: Boscart, Veronique
name: Sidani, Souraya
name: Poss, Jeffrey
name: Davey, Meaghan
name: DâAvernas, Josie
name: Brown, Paul
name: Heckman, George
name: Ploeg, Jenny
name: Costa, Andrew
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Table S1. Correlation Matrix Check for Multicollinearity. Correlation matrix. (PDF 60 kb)
Measurement of branching fractions, isospin asymmetries and angular observables in exclusive electroweak penguin decays
Creators: name: Owen, Patrick
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2014

description: This thesis describes measurements of rare electroweak penguin decays performed with data collected by the Large Hadron Collider beauty experiment corresponding to 3 fb^{−1} of integrated luminosity. The purpose of these measurements is to search for physics beyond the theoretical framework known as the Standard Model (SM). Electroweak penguin decays are sensitive to virtual particles in extensions to the SM whose influence on the decay amplitude can be of similar strength to the SM contribution. The particular measurements that are described in this thesis are the differential branching fractions and isospin asymmetries of B -> K(*) μ^+ μ^− decays as well as the angular observables in B -> K μ^+ μ^− decays. Although results are consistent with the SM, all the branching fractions of B -> K(*) μ^+ μ^− decays tend to favour a lower value than theoretical predictions.
N=2 Quantum String Scattering
Creators: name: Chalmers, Gordon
name: Lechtenfeld, Olaf
name: Niemeyer, Bernd
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the genus-one three- and four-point amplitudes in the 2+2 dimensional closed N=(2,2) worldsheet supersymmetric string within the RNS formulation. Vertex operators are redefined with the incorporation of spinor helicity techniques, and the quantum scattering is shown to be manifestly gauge and Lorentz invariant after normalizing the string states. The continuous spin structure summation over the monodromies of the worldsheet fermions is carried out explicitly, and the field-theory limit is extracted. The amplitude in this limit is shown to be the maximally helicity violating amplitude in pure gravity evaluated in a two-dimensional setting, which vanishes, unlike the four-dimensional result. The vanishing of the genus-one N=2 closed string amplitude is related to the absence of one-loop divergences in dimensionally regulated IIB supergravity. Comparisons and contrasts between self-dual field theory and the N=2 string theory are made at the quantum level; they have different S-matrices. Finally, we point to further relations with self-dual field theory and two-dimensional models.
description: 42 pages, 4 eps figures. v2: minor corrections, 2 refs. added, version to appear in Nucl. Phys. B
Baryon number probability distribution at finite temperature
Creators: name: Sun, Ke-xin
name: Wen, Rui
name: Fu, Wei-jie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The probability distribution of the net baryon number is investigated within the functional renormalization group approach. We find that the Roberge-Weiss periodicity related to the Z(3) symmetry of the gluon fields results directly in that, states of the net baryon number $N_B=N\pm 1/3$ with $N\in\mathbb{Z}$ are prohibited, and only those of $N_B=N$ are possible. By employing the probability distribution of the net baryon number, we also compute the cumulants of the baryon number distribution, which are found to be well consistent with those obtained from the generalized susceptibilities. A question about the relation between the color confinement and the probability distribution of net baryon number is put forward.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures, 1 table
System memory protection and vulnerability assessment in presence of software attacks
Creators: name: Zhang, Mingbo
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2021

description: Software vulnerabilities widely exist among various software from operating system kernel to web browser, from PC to embedded device. The arms race is continuing between new vulnerability exploit techniques and new mitigations. The essential part of protecting software from compromising relies on system memory protection in specific ways. Addressing protection of system critical variables, heap layout, and user variables that are referenced freely from the kernel are the state-of-art challenges. This dissertation aims at protecting the above-mentioned vulnerabilities that exist in the wild and presents systematic mitigation solutions. For each specific vulnerability, our mitigation either leverages a new CPU features such as Intel SGX or an existing CPU feature in a novel way to achieve adequate protection with a modest performance overhead. Additionally, we utilize a software-only method to solve the use-after-free vulnerability in the web browsers — a trade-off between the deterministic heap layout and memory usage. Furthermore, we develop a new software attack that is parasitic on an extra piece of hardware circuit to assess conventional software mitigations’ effectiveness. We evaluated each system with real-world vulnerabilities and their exploits that are publicly available. The results show that these mitigations can effectively protect the system with an acceptable performance overhead. Our parasitic-hardware-based attack reveals the possibility of being deployed in the field devices such critical controllers (e.g., programmable logic controllers PLCs) in cyber-physical platforms such as the power grid infrastructures. This type of attack completely evades conventional software mitigation techniques.
Ageing@Work Ethics Manual
Creators: name: Patrick, Serafin
name: Wissemann Ann Kathrin
name: Schäfer Andreas
name: Hansjürgen, Gebhardt
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: This document presents the Ethics Manual for the Ageing@Work project. It provides information on identified challenges and summarises fundamental requirements to deal with ethical, privacy, data protection and other related issues in the project. Ageing@Work has received funding from the EU Horizon 2020 Framework Programme for Research and Innovation under Grant Agreement No 826299
Studying the effect of hyperoside on recovery from cyclophosphamide induced oligoasthenozoospermia
Creators: name: Fan, Qigang
name: He, Ruifen
name: Li, Yi
name: Gao, Pu
name: Huang, Runchun
name: Li, Rong
name: Zhang, Jiayu
name: Li, Hongli
name: Liang, Xiaolei
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Oligoasthenozoospermia is becoming a serious problem, but effective prevention or treatment is lacking. Hyperoside, one of the main active ingredients in traditional Chinese medicine, may be effective in the treatment of oligoasthenozoospermia. In this study, we used cyclophosphamide (CTX: 50 mg/kg) to establish a mouse model of Oligoasthenozoospermia to investigate the therapeutic effect of hyperoside (30 mg/kg) on CTX-induced oligoasthenozoospermia. All mice were divided into four groups: blank control group (Control), treatment control group (Hyp), disease group (CTX) and treatment group (CTX + H). Mice body weight, testicular weight, sperm parameters and testicular histology were used to assess the reproductive capacity of mice and to explore the underlying mechanism of hyperoside in the treatment of oligoasthenozoospermia by assessing hormone levels, protein levels of molecules related to hormone synthesis and transcript levels of important genes related to spermatogenesis. Treatment with hyperoside significantly improved sperm density, sperm viability and testicular function compared to untreated oligoasthenozoospermia mice. In mechanism, treatment with hyperoside resulted in significant improvement in pathological changes in spermatogenic tubules, with an increase in testosterone production, and upregulations of Protein Kinase CAMP-Activated Catalytic Subunit Beta (PRKACB), Steroidogenic Acute Regulatory Protein (STAR), and Cytochrome P450 Family 17 Subfamily A Member 1 (CYP17A1) for testosterone production. Hyperoside also promoted the cell cycle of germ cells and up-regulated meiosis and spermatogenesis-related genes, including DNA Meiotic Recombinase 1 (Dmc1), Ataxia telangiectasia mutated (Atm) and RAD21 Cohesin Complex Component (Rad21). In conclusion, hyperoside exerted protective effects on oligoasthenozoospermia mice by regulating testosterone production, meiosis and sperm maturation of germ cells.
Spatial evolution of fractal-generated turbulent flow structure
Creators: name: Gomes Fernandes, Rafael
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2014

description: This thesis presents a study on turbulence generated by space-filling fractal square grids using Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) as the experimental technique in a water tunnel. The main focus of the present work is on the turbulent structure of the velocity gradient tensor. The need for such a study arises due to the discovery of a new scaling for the turbulent energy dissipation related, though not exclusively, to flows generated by such grids. At the centreline, turbulence generated by space-filling fractal square grids is composed by a production region, where turbulence intensity increases, followed by a decay one. Therefore, one of the main novelties presented here is the spatial evolution of turbulence structures as opposed to the vast majority of work done in a fixed spatial location. The locations in the production and decay regions were chosen carefully to have similar Reynolds numbers based on the Taylor microscale, turbulence intensity and strain level. Nevertheless, it is shown that the distribution of vortex stretching/compressing, eigenvalues of the strain rate tensor and the alignments of vorticity with eigenvectors of the strain rate tensor are different between these two locations. In addition it is found that the Kolmogorov's -5/3 exponent for the turbulent energy spectrum or its physical space counterpart 2/3 scaling for the second order structure function are already seen in the production region where one would not expect that Kolmogorov's assumptions would hold. The production region is studied in more detail by estimating the terms in the non-homogeneous Kármán-Howarth-Monin equation. Scale-by-scale energy transfers show the presence of an inverse cascade along an attractive axis, which is at a small angle with the streamwise direction and a forward cascade in the transverse direction.
Additional file 1: of PRC2 targeting is a therapeutic strategy for EZ score defined high-risk multiple myeloma patients and overcome resistance to IMiDs
Creators: name: Herviou, Laurie
name: Alboukadel Kassambara
name: Boireau, Stéphanie
name: Robert, Nicolas
name: Requirand, Guilhem
name: Müller-Tidow, Carsten
name: Vincent, Laure
name: Seckinger, Anja
name: Goldschmidt, Hartmut
name: Cartron, Guillaume
name: Hose, Dirk
name: Cavalli, Giacomo
name: Moreaux, Jerome
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Figure S1. EZH2 expression is correlated with EED and SUZ12 expression. Figure S2 PRC1 members are significantly downregulated in primary MM cells compared with normal bone marrow plasma cells. Figure S3 EZH2 is associated with a poor prognosis in MM. Figure S4 Association between EZH2 expression and patients’ genetic abnormalities. Figure S5 EPZ-6438 leads to H3K27me3 loss in HMCLs. Figure S6 EPZ-6438 leads to H3K27me3 loss in HMCLs. Figure S7 EPZ-6438-induced apoptosis is partially rescued by QVD pan caspase inhibitor. Figure S8 EZH2 inhibition induces mortality of primary MM cells from patients. Figure S9 Correlation between EZH2 expression/H3K27m3 staining and drug response to EZH2 inhibitor in HMCLs and patients. Figure S10 IKZF1 protein level decreases after HMCLs were treated with EPZ-6438 and lenalidomide combination. Figure S11 Lenalidomide targets protein levels after treatment. Figure S12 B cell transcription factors mRNA expression after treatment. Figure S13 PAX5 is a bivalent gene in XG7 HMCL. (PDF 21322 kb)
Toda lattice realization of integrable hierarchies
Creators: name: Bonora, L.
name: Constantinidis, C. P.
name: Vinteler, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new realization of scalar integrable hierarchies in terms of the Toda lattice hierarchy. In other words, we show on a large number of examples that an integrable hierarchy, defined by a pseudodifferential Lax operator, can be embedded in the Toda lattice hierarchy. Such a realization in terms the Toda lattice hierarchy seems to be as general as the Drinfeld--Sokolov realization.
description: 11 pages, Latex (minor changes, to appear in Lett.Math.Phys.)
Commentary on Maternal and Perinatal Mortality in Nigeria: Establishment of Obstetric Waiting Units and Targeting Uterine Rupture
Creators: name: S. F. Eli
name: D. S. Abam
name: D. G. B. Kalio
name: J. Ikimalo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Mortality
uterus
Nigeria
spectrum analysis
public health

description: Transportation is a challenge to women especially in rural settings where there are little or no means of transportation or access to health facilities where basic obstetric care could be given; hence, patients with ruptured uterus may end up losing both their babies and their lives. Government, non-governmental organizations, religious groups, community heads, multinationals, international organizations must support the crusade in averting maternal and perinatal mortality by reducing risk factors of ruptured uterus.
Mechanistic studies of enantioselective alkene bromolactonisation reactions
Creators: name: Jones, Alexander
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2014

description: Asymmetric alkene halofunctionalisation is a vibrant and rapidly expanding field. Several promising organocatalysts have emerged based on privileged binaphthyl phosphoric acid and cinchona alkaloid scaffolds. However, there is still significant potential for improvement. Many catalyst systems are limited in substrate scope and mechanistic understanding. In this thesis we describe the development of asymmetric bromolactonisation reactions catalysed by bis-cinchona alkaloid, (DHQD)2PHAL, as modified by added carboxylic acids. This combination delivers bromolactones with enantioselectivity at a comparable level to bespoke organocatalysts previously optimised for particular substrate classes. The utility of our system is based on the commercial availability of all reagents and the ability to tune the performance of (DHQD)2PHAL with reaction additives. The mode of substrate activation and the role of the carboxylic acid additive are investigated. Asymmetric induction is strongly influenced by the concentration and the stereoelectronic properties of the additive, and enantioselectivity deteriorates with reaction conversion in its absence. Interactions between carboxylic acids and (DHQD)2PHAL are characterised by crystallographic and equilibrium 1H NMR analysis. 2D-NOESY experiments indicate that acids significantly restrict the rotational flexibility of (DHQD)2PHAL in solution. We propose that catalyst rigidity is essential for maximisation of enantioselectivity. This hypothesis leads to the development of conformationally constrained catalyst derivatives which catalyse bromolactonisation with greater enantioselectivity than (DHQD)2PHAL. The relative stereoselectivities of successive alkene bromination and cyclisation steps, and the configurational stability of intermediate bromonium ions are elucidated. An unusual scenario is encountered whereby product e.r. is also determined by the regioselectivity of lactonisation. Finally, a unifying model for asymmetric induction is proposed which accounts for the absolute product configurations observed.
Phalaena triplasia Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Noctuidae
Phalaena
Phalaena triplasia

description: Phalaena triplasia [spec. nov.]
P. Noctua spirilinguis, alis deflexis: superioribus arcu duplici contrario maculisque tribus glaucis intermediis.
Mer. eur. t. 97.
De Geer ins. 1. t. 6. f. 20, 21.
Roes. ins. 1. phal. 2. t. 34.
Habitat in Soncho, Humulo.
Larva nuda, viridis gibberibus 2 dorsi & 1 ani fuscis.
Crista thoracis reflexa, alta, pallida. Alae superiores griseo-cinereae arcu ferrugineo in ala antica & postica. Maculae tres interjectae glaucae, quarum duae versus marginem lateralem.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 517, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
COHERENT analysis of neutrino generalized interactions
Creators: name: Sierra, D. Aristizabal
name: De Romeri, Valentina
name: Rojas, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Effective neutrino-quark generalized interactions are entirely determined by Lorentz invariance, so they include all possible four-fermion non derivative Lorentz structures. They contain neutrino-quark non-standard interactions as a subset, but span over a larger set that involves effective scalar, pseudoscalar, axial and tensor operators. Using recent COHERENT data, we derive constraints on the corresponding couplings by considering scalar, vector and tensor quark currents and assuming no lepton flavor dependence. We allow for mixed neutrino-quark Lorentz couplings and consider two types of scenarios in which: (i) one interaction at the nuclear level is present at a time, (ii) two interactions are simultaneously present. For scenarios (i) our findings show that scalar interactions are the most severely constrained, in particular for pseudoscalar-scalar neutrino-quark couplings. In contrast, tensor and non-standard vector interactions still enable for sizable effective parameters. We find as well that an extra vector interaction improves the data fit when compared with the result derived assuming only the standard model contribution. In scenarios (ii) the presence of two interactions relaxes the bounds and opens regions in parameter space that are otherwise closed, with the effect being more pronounced in the scalar-vector and scalar-tensor cases. We point out that barring the vector case, our results represent the most stringent bounds on effective neutrino-quark generalized interactions for mediator masses of order $\sim 1\,$GeV. They hold as well for larger mediator masses, case in which they should be compared with limits from neutrino deep-inelastic scattering data.
description: 24 pages, 8 figures, 2 tables. V2: Few references added
Synthesis and characterisation of low band gap polymers for organic photovoltaics and transistors
Creators: name: James, David
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2014

description: The replacement of silicon as a semiconductor within photovoltaics and transistors is key to producing cheaper and easier to produce devices, which can go some way towards tackling global issues such as global warming. Organic electronics have many advantages over silicon due to the fact that they can be solution processed, are cheap and can be deposited on flexible substrates. However, current efficiencies of organics photovoltaics (OPVs) and transistors (OFETs) are lagging behind those based on inorganic materials and thus the development of new materials will be the focus of this thesis. The first part of this thesis is devoted to the synthesis of a novel fused hexacyclic thiophene donor molecule, 4T with the primary aim of producing a novel copolymer for OPVs and OFETs. A variety of synthetic routes are explored to produce the desired 4T monomer with the final outcome being the production and characterisation of the novel copolymer P4T-BT. The next section incorporates the development of more environmentally friendly novel phenyl isoindigo copolymers which show high efficiencies in OPVs and OFETS. Further modification of the isoindigo core produced a novel thiophene isoindigo monomer, which improved the planarity of the copolymers subsequently synthesised. These copolymers had substantially lower band gaps than the analogous Phenyl isoindigo copolymers that were synthesised for comparison. Random terpolymers of the thiophene and phenyl isoindigo monomers were subsequently synthesised to incorporate the properties of the two monomers into one polymer, in order to broaden the spectral absorption of the polymers. Further attempts to produce thiazole isoindigo and furan isoindigo are also outlined in this section. The third part of this work explores the development of polymers based on Pechmann dyes for application in OFET devices.