cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The impact of conservation agriculture adoption on farmer welfare: a comparative assessment of Kenya and Tanzani
Creators: name: Mpande, Brian
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: conservation agriculture
subject: propensity score matching
subject: welfare
subject: Kenya
subject: Tanzania

description: This paper used propensity score matching (PSM) technique and pooled cross-sectional data from 407 observations with 256 conservation agriculture (CA) adopters and 151 non-adopters from Kenya and Tanzania, to test whether CA causally improves smallholder farmer’s welfare. We find mixed results showing that CA has a statistically significant and positive impact on climate change adaptation, drought resilience, total maize production, food security, number of meals per day, household income, accumulation of productive assets, reduction of gender inequalities, improving social cohesion, reduced forest area cleared and soil health improvement. CA has a negative and statistically significant impact on total agricultural yield, agricultural production costs, and number of food insecure months, CA has no impact on addressing agricultural calendar bottlenecks. Since the cross-country analysis showed higher CA adoption rates in Tanzania relative to Kenya, policy could increase adoption rates in the latter by focussing on the less educated farmers, increasing access to input markets, demonstrating benefits from CA projects, and improving farmer mastery of CA technologies. The findings shed light on the role of sustainable agricultural practices and highlight cross-country experiences of CA technologies in improving the welfare of smallholder farmers.
Generation of gravitational waves during early structure formation between cosmic inflation and reheating
Creators: name: Jedamzik, Karsten
name: Lemoine, Martin
name: Martin, Jerome
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the pre-reheating era, following cosmic inflation and preceding radiation domination, the energy density may be dominated by an oscillating massive scalar condensate, such as is the case for quadratic chaotic inflation. We have found in a previous paper that during this period, a wide range of sub-Hubble scale perturbations are subject to a preheating instability, leading to the growth of density perturbations ultimately collapsing to form non-linear structures. We compute here the gravitational wave signal due to these structures in the linear limit and present estimates for emission in the non-linear limit due to various effects: the collapse of halos, the tidal interactions, the evaporation during the conversion of the inflaton condensate into radiation and finally the ensuing turbulent cascades. The gravitational wave signal could be rather large and potentially testable by future detectors.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures
Additional file 1 of The joint association of diabetes status and NT-ProBNP with adverse cardiac outcomes in patients with non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome: a prospective cohort study
Creators: name: Wang, Man
name: Su, Wen
name: Chen, Hui
name: Li, Hongwei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Kaplan-Meier curves for MACCEs, all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, non-fatal MI, non-fatal stroke, and revascularization according to NT-proBNP categories. Table S1. P-value of the interaction of glycemic and NT-proBNP categories in the prediction of incident MACCEs and all-cause mortality. Table S2. Adjusted HRs of incident MACCE across the spectrum of diabetes status and NT-proBNP categories for different subgroups. Table S3. Adjusted HR of cardiovascular outcomes across the spectrum of glycemic control and NT-proBNP categories.
Adsorption mechanism of sodium oleate on titanium dioxide coated sensor surface using quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation
Creators: name: Fan, Guixia
name: Liu, Jiongtian
name: Cao, Yijun
name: Feng, Li
name: Xu, Hongxiang
Publisher: name: Faculty of Geoengineering, Mining and Geology, Wrocław University of Technology, Wrocław
Year: 2016
Subjects: QCM-D
TiO2 coated sensor surface
sodium oleate
adsorption mechanism

description: Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing; ISSN 2083-3989
Magnetism in Nb(1-y)Fe(2+y) - composition and magnetic field dependence
Creators: name: Moroni-Klementowicz, D.
name: Brando, M.
name: Albrecht, C.
name: Duncan, W. J.
name: Grosche, F. M.
name: Gruener, D.
name: Kreiner, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a systematic study of transport and thermodynamic properties of the Laves phase system Nb$_{1-y}$Fe$_{2+y}$. Our measurements confirm that Fe-rich samples, as well as those rich in Nb (for $\mid y\mid\geq 0.02$), show bulk ferromagnetism at low temperature. For stoichiometric NbFe$_2$, on the other hand, magnetization, magnetic susceptibility and magnetoresistance results point towards spin-density wave (SDW) order, possibly helical, with a small ordering wavevector $Q \sim 0.05$ Å$^{-1}$. Our results suggest that on approaching the stoichiometric composition from the iron-rich side, ferromagnetism changes into long-wavelength SDW order. In this scenario, $Q$ changes continuously from 0 to small, finite values at a Lifshitz point in the phase diagram, which is located near $y=+0.02$. Further reducing the Fe content suppresses the SDW transition temperature, which extrapolates to zero at $y\approx -0.015$. Around this Fe content magnetic fluctuations dominate the temperature dependence of the resistivity and of the heat capacity which deviate from their conventional Fermi liquid forms, inferring the presence of a quantum critical point. Because the critical point is located between the SDW phase associated with stoichiometric NbFe$_2$ and the ferromagnetic order which reemerges for very Nb-rich NbFe$_2$, the observed temperature dependences could be attributed both to proximity to SDW order or to ferromagnetism.
description: 13 pages, 20 figures
Hitting probability for anomalous diffusion processes
Creators: name: Majumdar, Satya N.
name: Rosso, Alberto
name: Zoia, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the universal features of the hitting probability $Q(x,L)$, the probability that a generic stochastic process starting at $x$ and evolving in a box $[0,L]$ hits the upper boundary $L$ before hitting the lower boundary at 0. For a generic self-affine process (describing, for instance, the polymer translocation through a nanopore) we show that $Q(x,L)=Q(x/L)$ and the scaling function $Q(z)\sim z^ϕ$ as $z\to 0$ with $ϕ=θ/H$ where $H$ and $θ$ are respectively the Hurst exponent and the persistence exponent of the process. This result is verified in several exact calculations including when the process represents the position of a particle diffusing in a disordered potential. We also provide numerical supports for our analytical results.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Additional file 2 of Potential interactions between the TBX4-FGF10 and SHH-FOXF1 signaling during human lung development revealed using ChIP-seq
Creators: name: Karolak, Justyna A.
name: Gambin, Tomasz
name: Przemyslaw Szafranski
name: Paweł Stankiewicz
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2: Gene biotype distribution of genes with at least one TBX2 or TBX4 binding site in their surrounding areas. Pie charts showing the distribution of the annotated genes for TBX2 (left panel) and TBX4 (right panel) binding sites, according to their ENCODE biotype.
On the gravitational content of molecular clouds and their cores
Creators: name: Ballesteros-Paredes, Javier
name: Gómez, Gilberto C.
name: Pichardo, Bárbara
name: Vázquez-Semadeni, Enrique
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: (Abridged) The gravitational term for clouds and cores entering in the virial theorem is usually assumed to be equal to the gravitational energy, since the contribution to the gravitational force from the mass distribution outside the volume of integration is assumed to be negligible. Such approximation may not be valid in the presence of an important external net potential. In the present work we analyze the effect of an external gravitational field on the gravitational budget of a density structure. Our cases under analysis are (a) a giant molecular cloud (GMC) with different aspect ratios embedded within a galactic net potential, and (b) a molecular cloud core embedded within the gravitational potential of its parent molecular cloud. We find that for roundish GMCs, the tidal tearing due to the shear in the plane of the galaxy is compensated by the tidal compression in the z direction. The influence of the external effective potential on the total gravitational budget of these clouds is relatively small, although not necessarily negligible. However, for more filamentary GMCs, the external effective potential can be dominant and can even overwhelm self-gravity, regardless of whether its main effect on the cloud is to disrupt it or compress it. This may explain the presence of some GMCs with few or no signs of massive star formation, such as the Taurus or the Maddalena's clouds. In the case of dense cores embedded in their parent molecular cloud, we found that the gravitational content due to the external field may be more important than the gravitational energy of the cores themselves. This effect works in the same direction as the gravitational energy, i.e., favoring the collapse of cores. We speculate on the implications of these results for star formation models.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Catalan Solids Derived From 3D-Root Systems and Quaternions
Creators: name: Koca, Mehmet
name: Koca, Nazife Ozdes
name: Koc, Ramazan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Catalan Solids are the duals of the Archimedean solids, vertices of which can be obtained from the Coxeter-Dynkin diagrams A3, B3 and H3 whose simple roots can be represented by quaternions. The respective Weyl groups W(A3), W(B3) and W(H3) acting on the highest weights generate the orbits corresponding to the solids possessing these symmetries. Vertices of the Platonic and Archimedean solids result as the orbits derived from fundamental weights. The Platonic solids are dual to each others however duals of the Archimedean solids are the Catalan solids whose vertices can be written as the union of the orbits, up to some scale factors, obtained by applying the above Weyl groups on the fundamental highest weights (100), (010), (001) for each diagram. The faces are represented by the orbits derived from the weights (010), (110), (101), (011) and (111) which correspond to the vertices of the Archimedean solids. Representations of the Weyl groups W(A3), W(B3) and W(H3) by the quaternions simplify the calculations with no reference to the computer calculations.
description: 20 pages, 11 Figures
The impact of public agriculture expenditure on food security and nutrition in the Southern African Development Community (SADC)
Creators: name: Kasililika-Mlagha, Emmillian Chifundo
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: public agriculture expenditure
subject: food security and nutrition
subject: Malabo Declaration
subject: fixed effects
subject: Comprehensive Africa Agriculture Development Programme
subject: Southern African Development Community

description: Food insecurity and malnutrition have worsened despite numerous commitments by African governments and their leaders to end hunger and all forms of malnutrition as captured in the Sustainable Development Goals and Africa's Agenda 2063. Africa's 2014 Malabo Declaration on Accelerated Agricultural Growth and Transformation for Shared Prosperity and Improved Livelihoods set out the need to increase agricultural expenditure to reduce food insecurity and malnutrition. However, analyses of the impact of public expenditure on agriculture in Africa have focused on poverty reduction and economic growth, with very little analysis of the impact on food security and nutrition. This study sought to fill this gap with respect to countries in the Southern African Development Community (SADC). A panel data analysis for the years 2000 to 2016 was employed using a fixed-effect generalised least squares estimation. Four food security indicators were used, namely, the average dietary energy supply adequacy; the prevalence of undernourishment; the prevalence of stunting; and per capita food production variability. The share of public agriculture expenditure in total public expenditure was used as a proxy for government expenditure on agriculture. The results showed that public expenditure on agriculture was associated with a significant positive impact on the average dietary energy supply adequacy and per capita food production variability. In the study, increased government expenditure on agriculture was associated with a decline in the prevalence of undernourishment over this period. There was no sufficient evidence to show that government agriculture expenditure on agriculture was associated with changes in the prevalence of stunting. The nine SADC countries included in the analysis need to put more effort into acting on their commitments, strengthening strategies to address the issue of food insecurity and malnutrition. The nine SADC countries need to promote nutrition-sensitive agriculture and the diversification of agricultural production to improve nutrition. They also need to increase the development and use of biofortified food crops. As food security is essentially a public good, public resources are needed to stimulate research and development, the adoption of technologies and practices and sharing the knowledge of the benefits of these practices among communities.
Wild Pfister forms over Henselian fields, K-theory, and conic division algebras
Creators: name: Garibaldi, Skip
name: Petersson, Holger P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 17A75, secondary 11E04, 16W60, 17A45, 19D45, 19F15

description: The epicenter of this paper concerns Pfister quadratic forms over a field $F$ with a Henselian discrete valuation. All characteristics are considered but we focus on the most complicated case where the residue field has characteristic 2 but $F$ does not. We also prove results about round quadratic forms, composition algebras, generalizations of composition algebras we call conic algebras, and central simple associative symbol algebras. Finally we give relationships between these objects and Kato's filtration on the Milnor $K$-groups of $F$.
The influence of cyanide salts and ferrous sulphate on pyrite flotation
Creators: name: Kostovic, Milena
name: Vucinic, Dusica
Publisher: name: Faculty of Geoengineering, Mining and Geology, Wrocław University of Technology, Wrocław
Year: 2016
Subjects: pyrite
flotation
ferrous sulphate
cyanide salts
depression

description: Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing; ISSN 2083-3989
Qualitative identification of copper bearing minerals using near infrared sensors
Creators: name: Oluwaseye, Folorunso Ismail
name: Iyakwari, Shekwonyadu
name: Idzi, Ambo Amos
name: Kehinde, Okoro Hussein
name: Osu, Usman Halima
Publisher: name: Faculty of Geoengineering, Mining and Geology, Wrocław University of Technology, Wrocław
Year: 2016
Subjects: near infrared
exploration
extraction
copper
Akiri

description: Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing; ISSN 2083-3989
Skin Effect Problem With The Displacement Current In Maxwell Plasma By The Source Method
Creators: name: Alabina, Y. F.
name: Latyshev, A. V.
name: Yushkanov, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 82D10

description: We found the analytical solution to the problem of the skin effect for Maxwell plasma with the use of the kinetic equation, where the frequency of electron collisions is constant. We use the specular reflection of electrons from the surface as a boundary condition. The behavior of an impedance near to a plasma resonance is considered. We consider limiting cases of skin effect.
description: 5 figures
Signatures of an Emergent Gravity from Black Hole Entropy
Creators: name: Vaz, Cenalo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The existence of a thermodynamic description of horizons indicates that spacetime has a microstructure. While the "fundamental" degrees of freedom remain elusive, quantizing Einstein's gravity provides some clues about their properties. A quantum AdS black hole possesses an equispaced mass spectrum, independent of Newton's constant, $G$, when its horizon radius is large compared to the AdS length. Moreover, the black hole's thermodynamics in this limit is inextricably connected with its thermodynamics in the opposite (Schwarzschild) limit by a duality of the Bose partition function. $G$, absent in the mass spectrum, reemerges in the thermodynamic description through the Schwarzschild limit, which should be viewed as a natural "ground state". It seems that the Hawking-Page phase transition separates fundamental, "particle-like" degrees of freedom from effective, "geometric" ones.
description: Fifth prize at the 2009 Gravity Research Foundation Awards for Essays on Gravitation. 5 pages, no figures
Education for loyalty in prewar and postwar Japan
Creators: name: Redekop, William Bernard
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The study consisted of an analysis and comparison of Japanese moral education before and after World War Two in terms of its teachings in loyalty. The samples on which the study was based were two elementary school morals courses dated 1940 19&2; they are referred to in Japanese as Shushin and Dotoku respectively. The problem was to determine whether the postwar version of the morals course—introduced twelve years after World War Two ended—reintroduces the attitudes toward loyalty for which Shushin had been famous and which were allegedly repudiated after the War. The hypothesis was that the course does, in fact, represent a return to the old values. For analytical purposes the term loyalty was defined in the narrow sense as an attitude of obedience, respect, reverence, and allegiance toward the Emperor. In the broader sense the definition included the same attitude with reference to the nation, government, law, teachers, and parents. Qualitative distinctions in the teaching of loyalty, such as its sanctions, its purposes, its functions or demands, its origin or formation, its focus, and its emotional tone provided the basis for further analysis of the attitudes implied in loyalty as taught in the two courses. Shushin was analyzed first; two courses, dated 1925 and 1940, were used for the purpose. By our definition of loyalty one of the textbooks in the Shushin course was more than four-fifths devoted to the subject of loyalty; the others also contained a strikingly high proportion of lessons on it. These were analyzed further as to the qualitative distinctions they revealed with regard to loyalty. Initially the same criteria of analysis were also applied to the lessons in the postwar Dotoku course. It was found, however, that the quantity of material on loyalty as originally defined was almost nil. Hence the tern: was redefined to include any reference at all to the nation, government, law, teachers, and parents. In addition, a survey was made to determine what had been included in Dotoku to replace the lessons on loyalty. Some of this data was included in the report. [ ... ]
Infrared singularities in QCD amplitudes
Creators: name: Gardi, Einan
name: Magnea, Lorenzo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review recent progress in determining the infrared singularity structure of on-shell scattering amplitudes in massless gauge theories. We present a simple ansatz where soft singularities of any scattering amplitude of massless partons, to any loop order, are written as a sum over colour dipoles, governed by the cusp anomalous dimension. We explain how this formula was obtained, as the simplest solution to a newly-derived set of equations constraining the singularity structure to all orders. We emphasize the physical ideas underlying this derivation: the factorization of soft and collinear modes, the special properties of soft gluon interactions, and the notion of the cusp anomaly. Finally, we briefly discuss potential multi-loop contributions going beyond the sum-over-dipoles formula, which cannot be excluded at present.
description: 20 pages, 3 figures. To be published in the proceedings of 23rd Les Rencontres de Physique de la Vallee d'Aoste, La Thuile, Aosta Valley, Italy, 1 - 7 March 2009
A study of the influence of nonverbal communication in the selection interview
Creators: name: Posthuma, Allan Bartell
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The selection interview is frequently regarded as a situation in which communication between the two participants is effected solely through the medium of spoken and heard words. Closer examination reveals it to be a complex interaction involving subtle contents mediated through several channels of communication - visual, olfactory, tactile, kinesthetic (all "non-verbal") as well as the verbal channel. This study examines the effect of information mediated by non-verbal channels of communication upon the selection judgments made by the interviewer. Interviews under normal face-to-face conditions (where non-verbal communication channels are open) were compared with interviews by another interviewer of the same candidates over a telephone (where non-verbal communication is eliminated). Three interviewers participated, and they, and the order of conditions, were randomized to control order and interviewer effects. The forty-three pairs of interviews were conducted by regular Naval Recruiting Officers upon applicants for officer training in the R.C.N. Results of the interviews were actually used for selection. The principal hypothesis, that assessment ratings by the interviewer are influenced by information communicated through non-verbal channels, was supported: the assessments of 10 of the 22 separate attributes rated showed significant differences between telephone and face-to-face condition. The single overall rating of each candidate which represents the interviewers recommendation to higher authority, did not, however, show a statistically significant difference as made under the two conditions. A secondary hypothesis, that overall assessments made in the face-to-face condition will correlate highly with assessments of appearance and bearing, while overall assessments based on the telephone interview will not, was supported. This suggests that at least one kind of information communicated through non-verbal channels, namely, the appearance and bearing of the candidate, does in fact, influence the final evaluation of his suitability. However, appearance and bearing were found to have no significant relationship to the more detailed assessments of "social interests", "motivation", "range of knowledge" and "personal characteristics". Comparisons of the times expended in the two types of interview showed face-to-face interviews to be substantially larger overall than those on the telephone. The interviewer talked relatively more, and the candidate relatively less in the face-to-face as compared with the telephone situation. The proportion of silent time was substantially the same for both types of interview. Implications for further research and application to interviewing practices are discussed.
The Role of Starburst-AGN composites in Luminous Infrared Galaxy Mergers: Insights from the New Optical Classification Scheme
Creators: name: Yuan, T. -T.
name: Kewley, L. J.
name: Sanders, D. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the fraction of starbursts, starburst-AGN composites, Seyferts, and LINERs as a function of infrared luminosity (L_IR) and merger progress for ~500 infrared-selected galaxies. Using the new optical classifications afforded by the extremely large data set of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, we find that the fraction of LINERs in IR-selected samples is rare (< 5%) compared with other spectral types. The lack of strong infrared emission in LINERs is consistent with recent optical studies suggesting that LINERs contain AGN with lower accretion rates than in Seyfert galaxies. Most previously classified infrared-luminous LINERs are classified as starburst-AGN composite galaxies in the new scheme. Starburst-AGN composites appear to "bridge" the spectral evolution from starburst to AGN in ULIRGs. The relative strength of the AGN versus starburst activity shows a significant increase at high infrared luminosity. In ULIRGs (L_IR >10^12 L_odot), starburst-AGN composite galaxies dominate at early--intermediate stages of the merger, and AGN galaxies dominate during the final merger stages. Our results are consistent with models for IR-luminous galaxies where mergers of gas-rich spirals fuel both starburst and AGN, and where the AGN becomes increasingly dominant during the final merger stages of the most luminous infrared objects.
description: 30 pages, 19 figures, 10 tables, ApJ accepted
Additional file 3 of Effects of a multi-level intervention on hookah smoking frequency and duration among Iranian adolescents and adults: an application of socio-ecological model
Creators: name: Aghdam, Fatemeh Bakhtari
name: Alizadeh, Nader
name: Nadrian, Haidar
name: Augner, Christoph
name: Mohammadpoorasl, Asghar
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 3. Environmental cheklist for coffe shop. To investigate the factors at the physical environmental level, environmental cheklist for coffe shop was developed and applied in the present study.
Electron-nuclear interaction in 13C nanotube double quantum dots
Creators: name: Churchill, H. O. H.
name: Bestwick, A. J.
name: Harlow, J. W.
name: Kuemmeth, F.
name: Marcos, D.
name: Stwertka, C. H.
name: Watson, S. K.
name: Marcus, C. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For coherent electron spins, hyperfine coupling to nuclei in the host material can either be a dominant source of unwanted spin decoherence or, if controlled effectively, a resource allowing storage and retrieval of quantum information. To investigate the effect of a controllable nuclear environment on the evolution of confined electron spins, we have fabricated and measured gate-defined double quantum dots with integrated charge sensors made from single-walled carbon nanotubes with a variable concentration of 13C (nuclear spin I=1/2) among the majority zero-nuclear-spin 12C atoms. Spin-sensitive transport in double-dot devices grown using methane with the natural abundance (~ 1%) of 13C is compared with similar devices grown using an enhanced (~99%) concentration of 13C. We observe strong isotope effects in spin-blockaded transport, and from the dependence on external magnetic field, estimate the hyperfine coupling in 13C nanotubes to be on the order of 100 micro-eV, two orders of magnitude larger than anticipated theoretically. 13C-enhanced nanotubes are an interesting new system for spin-based quantum information processing and memory, with nuclei that are strongly coupled to gate-controlled electrons, differ from nuclei in the substrate, are naturally confined to one dimension, lack quadrupolar coupling, and have a readily controllable concentration from less than one to 10^5 per electron.
description: supplementary discussion at http://marcuslab.harvard.edu/13CSupp.pdf
Evaluation of the prospects of hedging Botswana's maize prices against the Johannesburg Stock Exchange Commodity Market Derivative
Creators: name: Ofentse, Goetswamang Phankie
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Maize is an important source of food consumed in Botswana and it helps the country to achieve food security status. Food security refers to everyone always having access to healthy, dependable, and adequate food to meet their dietary requirements and live a healthy life. Botswana imports maize primarily from South Africa and is a net importer. The study evaluated how maize prices in Botswana are linked with maize prices in South Africa. To explain hedging opportunities in minimising price risk in Botswana, cointegration and vector error correction models were used in this study. Secondary data on monthly white and yellow maize prices from 2008 to 2019 were used in this study. The empirical data show that maize prices in South Africa and Botswana have a long-run equilibrium relationship. In the short run, results indicate that the previous years’ maize prices in the Botswana market positively impact all Botswana maize prices at a 1% significance level on average ceteris paribus. South Africa’s maize market does not respond to any market changes in Botswana for white maize prices lagged for one and two periods. The Botswana maize market, on the other hand, reacts to price fluctuations in the South African market for both white and yellow maize. The adjustment speed in the Botswana maize market ranged from 17% to 29% while the adjustment speed in the South African market ranged from 13% to 17%. Overall, the empirical data show that the two markets have a positive long-run equilibrium relationship and a shortrun asymmetric relationship. The empirical findings prompted the Botswana maize value chain assessment to understand how it operates as well as the existence of relationships among the actors. The study ascertained that Botswana’s maize value chain faces an array of challenges that limit the country’s food sufficient. The assessment of the Botswana maize value chain was vital to promote policy formations that will promote the development of the Botswana maize sector. The study focused on the interaction between smallholder farmers and the intermediaries focusing on the challenges and opportunities therein. The Agency and Social Network theories were used to assess the economic behaviour of the two farmers and middlemen. The investigative methods used included a thorough assessment of the literature and key informant interview. The challenges identified from the investigation included poor coordination, lack of trust, information asymmetry, lack of cooperatives, and inadequate access to finance. The study thus recommended contract farming, prioritisation of training programmes for farmers and extension workers, third-party enforcement of regulations, and revival of cooperatives to III improve the quality of the relationship between the middlemen and the smallholder farmers, and thus improve the overall performance of the chain.
Additional file 1 of Effects of a multi-level intervention on hookah smoking frequency and duration among Iranian adolescents and adults: an application of socio-ecological model
Creators: name: Aghdam, Fatemeh Bakhtari
name: Alizadeh, Nader
name: Nadrian, Haidar
name: Augner, Christoph
name: Mohammadpoorasl, Asghar
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Hookah Use Questionnaire. The validity and reliability of this researcher-made questionnaire have approved in this study.
Stability of Lovelock Black Holes under Tensor Perturbations
Creators: name: Takahashi, Tomohiro
name: Soda, Jiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the stability of static black holes in the third order Lovelock theory. We derive a master equation for tensor perturbations. Using the master equation, we analyze the stability of Lovelock black holes mainly in seven and eight dimensions. We find there are cases where the linear analysis breaks down. If we restrict ourselves to the regime where the linear analysis is legitimate, black holes are always stable in seven dimensions. However, in eight dimensions, there exists a critical mass below which black holes are unstable. Combining our result in the third order Lovelock theory with the previous one in Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet theory, we conjecture that small black holes are unstable in any dimensions. The instability found in this paper will be important for the analysis of black holes at the LHC.
description: 22 pages, 7 figures;v3:references added
Supplementary document for Strong, anisotropic, layer-independent second harmonic generation in multilayer SnS Film - 6299113.pdf
Creators: name: Xie, Ying
name: Yu, Hao
name: Wei, Jiahui
name: he, qianming
name: Yu, Haohai
name: Zhang, Huaijin
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supplement 1
Scope effects in contingent valuation: an application to the valuation of irrigation water quality improvements in Infulene Valley, Mozambique
Creators: name: Graça, Manjate
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: recycled wastewater reuse
subject: irrigation
subject: willingness to pay
subject: scope effects in contingent valuation
subject: double-bound dichotomous choice bid elicitation format
subject: Mozambique

description: This study uses the double-bounded bid elicitation format to test whether the willingness to pay (WTP) of 244 randomly selected residents of Maputo and Matola cities for wastewater quality improvements in the Infulene Valley is sensitive to internal and external scope. The Infulene Valley was selected because its wastewater is used as an input in vegetable irrigation. WTP was elicited and compared when the level of wastewater treatment was 100 % and when it was 50 %. The results show that the majority of those interviewed display high levels of knowledge regarding the risks associated with poor quality irrigation water, and that they have attitudes and perceptions receptive to a policy that aims to improve irrigation water quality. The WTP responses passed the bottom up (t= 15.28, p=0.000) and top down (t=14.07, p=0.000) internal and external (t=13.43, p=0.000) scope tests, suggesting that the level of wastewater treatment significantly influences households’ WTP. The following variables were statistically significant in the WTP model: income, age, education level, household size, gender, whether the household considers water scarcity as a priority issue, knowledge of the unsuitability of Infulene Valley water for vegetable irrigation, and whether the household is aware that the Infulene Valley is an important supplier of fresh vegetables to Maputo and Matola residents. The study concluded that the level of water treatment (high quality of treated wastewater) is a vi significant factor of preference over the alternative policy in wastewater treatment. The following recommendations derive from the study: policy makers should consider wastewater treatment planning and they should develop an irrigation water pricing system, as well as conservation practices to manage pollution problems at Infulene Valley. While this study provides an estimate of household values for irrigation water quality improvements in the Infulene Valley, is ultimately up to policy makers at the city and country levels to implement any changes.
LIBSENSE Regional Open Science Policy Development Workshop
Creators: name: LIBSENSE
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: LIBSENSE
Open Science
Open Access
Policy
Kenya
Nigeria
Uganda
Malawi
South Africa
Ethiopia
Research Data Management
Open Data
Research Evaluation

description: A Compendium of Open Access/Open Science Policy Case Studies from African Higher Education Institutions for the first LIBSENSE Open Science policy development workshop convened as part of its AfricaConnect3 programme.
 The case studies in this compendium have been solicited with the help of the LIBSENSE policy working group. They represent a broad range of open access/open science policy development initiatives from the perspectives of those involved in developing and implementing them. The representative universities cover a range of public and private institutions where research activity is taking place.
Additional file 2 of Effects of a multi-level intervention on hookah smoking frequency and duration among Iranian adolescents and adults: an application of socio-ecological model
Creators: name: Aghdam, Fatemeh Bakhtari
name: Alizadeh, Nader
name: Nadrian, Haidar
name: Augner, Christoph
name: Mohammadpoorasl, Asghar
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2. Social support for hookah smoking Questionnaire. This instrument was the researcher-made questionnaire that developed in this study. In the present study to investigate the factors at the social level were used two questionnaires including perceived reward of tobacco use that has been validated in a previous study (24) and the social support for hookah smoking questionnaire that was developed in this study.
Topologically induced local P and CP violation in QCD x QED
Creators: name: Kharzeev, Dmitri E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The existence of topological solutions and axial anomaly open a possibility of P and CP violation in QCD. For a reason that has not yet been established conclusively, this possibility is not realized in strong interactions - the experimental data indicate that a global P and CP violation in QCD is absent. Nevertheless, the fluctuations of topological charge in QCD vacuum, although not observable directly, are expected to play an important role in the breaking of $U_A(1)$ symmetry and in the mass spectrum and other properties of hadrons. Moreover, in the presence of very intense external electromagnetic fields topological solutions of QCD can induce local P- and CP-odd effects in the $SU_c(3)\times U_{em}(1)$ gauge theory that can be observed in experiment directly. Here I show how these local parity-violating phenomena can be described by using the Maxwell-Chern-Simons, or axion, electrodynamics as an effective theory. Local P- and CP- violation in hot QCD matter can be observed in experiment through the "chiral magnetic effect" - the separation of electric charge along the axis of magnetic field. Very recently, STAR Collaboration presented an observation of the electric charge asymmetry with respect to reaction plane in relativistic heavy ion collisions at RHIC.
description: 24 pages, 6 figures; prepared for the special issue of Annals of Physics
Matlab and Python scripts for "Rapid imaging of pulsed terahertz radiation with spatial light modulators and neural networks"
Creators: name: Stantchev, Rayko
name: Pickwell-MacPherson, Emma
name: Li, Kaidi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 20501 Classical and Physical Optics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Matlab and Python scripts needed to process the raw data to replicate the result of
"Rapid imaging of pulsed terahertz radiation with spatial light modulators and neural networks" by Rayko I. Stantchev, Kaidi Li, Emma Pickwell-MacPherson.

manuscript not yet accepted... 18/Mar/2021
Files will be available after publication (current date unknown)
Estimating the value of natural characteristics of a National Park: the case of Mokala National Park in South Africa
Creators: name: Kriek, Carel Johannes
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: choice experiment
subject: rewilding
subject: Mokala National Park
subject: reintroduce
subject: non-native species
subject: willingness to pay
subject: latent class model

description: Due to the extreme decimation of species worldwide, there is a need to conserve and protect more natural areas and biodiversity. A way to ensure species' survival across areas, is to rewild a protected area or nature reserve by reintroducing regionally extinct fauna and flora, or removing invasive species. In developing countries, these protected areas are generally underfunded and underdeveloped, and therefore may have limited capacity to conserve the wildlife, and/or rewild the park to its previous natural state. This study utilised a discrete choice experiment to determine the preferences and ‘appreciative value’ tourists place on different natural characteristics of the park, in the context of rewilding. This study analysed the responses of 288 tourists from Mokala National Park in the Northern Cape, South Africa, using online questionnaires. The respondent's preferences were drawn from the completed questionnaires by the tourists who have visited the park since its inception in 2007. The natural characteristics ranged from (1) reintroducing carnivores such as lions or cheetahs back into the park, (2) removing non-native species, whether threatened or non-threatened, and (3) boosting endangered species populations such as roan antelope, black rhino and tsessebe. A latent class model was created to identify heterogeneity in the preferences amongst the sampled population. It was determined that there is heterogeneity and that the sampled tourists had varying preferences to rewild the national park to its previous biological state. Respondents of the four classes, strongly preferred reintroducing cheetahs back into the park above a pride of lions. All classes had significant preference for boosting the numbers of endangered black rhinos compared to the status quo. Only 11.20% of the respondents wanted to completely rewild the park by removing the non-native species and reintroducing all the other species identified. Thus, 88.20% of respondents did not support removing the non-native species regardless of their status, either threatened (sable antelope) or non-threatened (impala, nyala and waterbuck). The results provide a basis that rewilding improvements could be initiated, and better park management policies could be implemented, to attract tourists and more successfully rewild the park . Yet, tourists had an affinity for more species diversity in the park above protecting the natural ecosystem. Further research can be done to expand on whether there is a preference for species based on their status, such as being endangered, iconic, carnivore, or megafauna.
Rethinking our Approach to Teacher Education
Creators: name: Morrison-Love, David
name: Patrick, Fiona
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: Education

description: University of Glasgow Educational Assessment Network
What began as a small scholarship project to help student teachers integrate theory with practice has led us to rethink our approach to teacher education. In this first of two blogposts, we ask some provocative questions that came out of our research. In the second, we explain our new approach to help student teachers use evidence and experience to inform their classroom practice.
Measurement of heavy-flavour production in ALICE
Creators: name: Dainese, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ALICE experiment, currently in the commissioning phase, will study nucleus-nucleus and proton-proton collisions at the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC). We review the ALICE heavy-flavour physics program and present a selection of results on the expected performance for the case of proton-proton collisions.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, prepared for the proceedings of the "5th Italian Workshop on p-p Physics at LHC", Perugia, January 2008
Additional file 2 of Development and feasibility of a mobile phone application designed to support physically inactive employees to increase walking
Creators: name: Nicholas, Joanna Catherine
name: Ntoumanis, Nikos
name: Smith, Brendan John
name: Quested, Eleanor
name: Stamatakis, Emmanuel
name: Thøgersen-Ntoumani, Cecilie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2. Virtual walk categories, post-trial interview guides, and full thematic analysis.
Magnetic field induced semimetal-to-canted-antiferromagnet transition on the honeycomb lattice
Creators: name: Bercx, M.
name: Lang, T. C.
name: Assaad, F. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that the semimetallic state of the two-dimensional honeycomb lattice with a point-like Fermi surface is unstable towards a canted antiferromagnetic insulator upon application of an in-plane magnetic field. This instability is already present at the mean-field level; the magnetic field shifts the up- and the down-spin cones in opposite directions thereby generating a finite density of states at the Fermi surface and a perfect nesting between the up- and the down-spin Fermi sheets. This perfect nesting triggers a canted antiferromagnetic insulating state. Our conclusions, based on mean-field arguments, are confirmed by auxiliary field projective quantum Monte Carlo methods on lattices up to $12 \times 12$ unit cells.
description: 7 pages, 8 figures