cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The ALMA REBELS Survey: discovery of a massive, highly star-forming, and morphologically complex ULIRG at z = 7.31
Creators: name: Hygate, Alexander Philip Stuart
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: A key question in astrophysics is understanding the emergence of the first galaxies: the transition from the Cosmic "Dark Ages", through the Epoch of Reionization at 6 < z < 11. A recent analysis of the history of the infrared (IR) luminosity function by Zavala et al. (2021) suggests that obscured star formation is dominated by so-called ultra-luminous infrared galaxies (ULIRGs) at high redshift. Such sources have, however, proven difficult to find at the highest redshifts. I will present ALMA [CII] and 158 μm continuum observations of REBELS-25, a massive, morphologically complex ultra-luminous infrared galaxy at 𝑧 = 7.31, spectroscopically confirmed by the Reionization Era Bright Emission Line Survey (REBELS) ALMA Large Programme. I will present a characterisation of this galaxy derived from the ALMA observations in combination with complementary multi-wavelength observations. I will present the [CII] kinematics, which exhibits a velocity gradient consistent with disc rotation, but given the current resolution more complex velocity structure such as a merger cannot be ruled out. The spectrum exhibits excess [CII] emission at large positive velocities, which can be interpreted as either a merging companion or an outflow. In the outflow scenario, a lower limit of the mass outflow rate is derived that is consistent with expectations for a star formation-driven outflow. Given its large stellar mass, SFR and molecular gas reservoir at roughly 700 Myr after the Big Bang, I will explore the future evolution of REBELS-25. Considering a simple, conservative model assuming an exponentially declining star formation history, constant star formation efficiency, and no additional gas inflow, I will present the results of an investigation of whether REBELS-25 has the potential to evolve into a galaxy consistent with the properties of high-mass quiescent galaxies recently observed at 𝑧~4.
Beyond equilibrium : predicting human behaviour in normal form games
Creators: name: Wright, James Robert
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: It is standard in multiagent settings to assume that agents will adopt Nash equilibrium strategies. However, studies in experimental economics demonstrate that Nash equilibrium is a poor description of human players' actual behaviour. In this study, we consider a wide range of widely-studied models from behavioural game theory. For what we believe is the first time, we evaluate each of these models in a meta-analysis, taking as our data set large-scale and publicly-available experimental data from the literature. We then propose a modified model that we believe is more suitable for practical prediction of human behaviour.
Living up to Dewey: an examination of drama education in Calgary classrooms
Creators: name: Dyck, Darren K.
Publisher: name: Education
Year: 2004

description: Bibliography: p. 308-312
description: Pilot work on justified student risk-taking in drama classrooms provided a focus and determined the method of research used in this study. This study is an ethnographic examination of eight junior high school drama teachers, in their classrooms, who worked as co-researchers and co-learners. It is grounded in those drama education influences which could be discerned in Alberta. Each of these influences were critiqued by comparing them to the foundational work of John Dewey's philosophies and principles of procedure. The conceptual framework relies on two areas of Dewey's opus, namely, Art and Education and Experience and Education. Although the data from the ethnographic work initially was analyzed with reference to the foundation, it became apparent that more specific themes emerged from the data. The work found that constraints of teacher education and knowledge of program, and demands on administration, had a limiting effect on the quality of drama work. Most highly triangulated was the absence of attention to the drama as an art form; that is, to aesthetic education. Common vocabularies about teaching and learning and about drama were difficult to find and proved to be a divisive force:-between the teachers and between teachers and students, as teachers attempted to offer quality programs in very dedicated ways.
Data Compression and Covariance Matrix Inspection: Cosmic Shear
Creators: name: Ferreira, Tassia
name: Zhang, Tianqing
name: Chen, Nianyi
name: Dodelson, Scott
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Covariance matrices are among the most difficult pieces of end-to-end cosmological analyses. In principle, for two-point functions, each component involves a four-point function, and the resulting covariance often has hundreds of thousands of elements. We investigate various compression mechanisms capable of vastly reducing the size of the covariance matrix in the context of cosmic shear statistics. This helps identify which of its parts are most crucial to parameter estimation. We start with simple compression methods, by isolating and "removing" 200 modes associated with the lowest eigenvalues, then those with the lowest signal-to-noise ratio, before moving on to more sophisticated schemes like compression at the tomographic level and, finally, with the Massively Optimized Parameter Estimation and Data compression (MOPED). We find that, while most of these approaches prove useful for a few parameters of interest, like $Ω_m$, the simplest yield a loss of constraining power on the intrinsic alignment (IA) parameters as well as $S_8$. For the case considered -- cosmic shear from the first year of data from the Dark Energy Survey -- only MOPED was able to replicate the original constraints in the 16-parameter space. Finally, we apply a tolerance test to the elements of the compressed covariance matrix obtained with MOPED and confirm that the IA parameter $A_{\mathrm{IA}}$ is the most susceptible to inaccuracies in the covariance matrix.
description: 13 pages, 12 figures, 1 table. V2 reflects version accepted for publication in PRD
Stranger's images: net art and an"other" representation
Creators: name: Guglietti, Maria Victoria
Publisher: name: Arts
Year: 2004

description: Bibliography: p. 107-115
description: This thesis explores the way in which the Internet facilitates artists in constructing an-other knowledge, defined as the deconstruction of a Modem and Western regime of knowledge/representation organized around the axis subject/object. Based on Fairclough's three dimensional Critical Discourse Analysis I have analyzed nine on-line artworks and five months of on-line and face to face interviews with Canadian based on­line artists. The result was a reading of these works in terms of strategies of subversion. This means that Net Art, art produced, exhibited and distributed for and on the Internet, constitutes a field where it is possible to observe Computer Mediated Communication (CMC) technology's contribution to the deconstruction of binary oppositions such as self/other, body/mind, technology/nature. This thesis proposes a shift from traditional definitions of Otherness as the non-Self to a notion of Otherness as a locus for reflection, a third term, an "in-betweeness".
Costs of Producing Potatoes: 1980 and 1981 with Projections for 1982
Creators: name: Zepp, Glenn A.
name: Zepp, Glenn A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1982
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Production Economics
subject: Potatoes
subject: potato production
subject: potato costs

description: Costs of production for fresh potatoes will increase only slightly for 1982; substantially reduced seed costs should offset other operating cost increases. Processing potato costs should range from almost unchanged in the Red River Valley to a 4.2-percent increase in western Idaho. Central Wisconsin showed the lowest total cost for producing fresh potatoes, while Maine had a cost advantage over other producing areas for supplying fresh potatoes to northeastern U.S. markets. Eastern Idaho showed the highest cost per hundredweight for fresh potatoes. Washington's Columbia River Basin had the lowest cost for growing, harvesting, and storing processing potatoes, while the Minnesota/North Dakota Red River Valley had the highest. This study estimates costs for producing, storing, and packing potatoes in major U.S. production regions during 1980 and 1981 with projections for 1982.
Computerized adaptive retention training with grade nine science students
Creators: name: Guo, Xianpei
Publisher: name: Education
Year: 2004

description: Bibliography: p. 80-98
description: The purpose of the thesis is to evaluate the effectiveness of a computerized adaptive practice system-Profound Learning System (PLS) for knowledge retention in science education and its impact on students' learning and computer attitudes. The study used a crossover pre/ posttests experimental method. 49 grade nine middle school students participated in this study. The study has been administered over two science units: Unit Two-Fluids and Unit Three-Heat energy. Participants were randomly assigned into two groups: computer-study group and self-study group. At the beginning of the study, participants completed a pretest of the content they were going to learn and filled out a pre-questionnaire about their attitudes. Then, students began reviewing daily for five minutes at the beginning of each class using the Profound Learning System in the computer-study group or reviewing by themselves in self-study group. At the end of this unit, participants took posttests and answered post-questionnaires. After finishing Unit Two, the two groups switched over and started almost the same research schedule as they had in unit two except no pre-questionnaires in unit three. Results showed that the computer-mediated review group showed a consistent, although not significant, improvement over the self-study group in both units. Students' attitude towards PL system was significantly changed after using the system. However, their general attitude towards computers was not impacted. The computer group liked the five minutes review and tended to spend more time on computer instead of studying on their own. Both groups' confidence level was significantly improved after instruction.
Sicher unterwegs. Nachhaltige Auftausalz-Logistik dank Geoinformation. Logistik der Streusalzbereitstellung in der Schweiz
Creators: name: Bereuter, Pia
Publisher: name: SIGImedia
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Logistik
subject: GIS
subject: Schweizer Salinen
subject: 600 - Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften

description: Die Salzlagerhaltung für den Winterdienst ist in der Schweiz dezentral organisiert. Die unterschiedlichen Zuständigkeiten liegen bei den einzelnen Akteuren ASTRA, Kantone, Gemeinden und Privaten. Diese Akteure steuern weitgehend die Logistik und räumliche Verteilung der dezentralen Aussenlager unter Berücksichtigung der saisonal differenzierten Salzliefertarife. In Zusammenarbeit mit den Schweizer Salinen haben die Institute Geomatik und Ecopreneurship der Fachhochschule Nordwestschweiz FHNW Optimierungspotenzial einer nachhaltigen, zukünftigen Auftausalz-Logistik untersucht.
Elliot-Yafet mechanism in graphene
Creators: name: Ochoa, H.
name: Neto, A. H. Castro
name: Guinea, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The differences between spin relaxation in graphene and in other materials are discussed. For relaxation by scattering processes, the Elliot-Yafet mechanism, the relation between the spin and the momentum scattering times acquires a dependence on the carrier density, which is independent of the scattering mechanism and the relation between mobility and carrier concentration. This dependence puts severe restrictions on the origin of the spin relaxation in graphene. The density dependence of the spin relaxation allows us to distinguish between ordinary impurities and defects which modify locally the spin-orbit interaction.
description: 4 pages + \epsilon + SI
Blind online learners
Creators: name: Kinash, Shelley Ann
Publisher: name: Education
Year: 2004

description: Bibliography: p. 332-353
description: Interactive interviews were conducted with five adults who are totally blind and two adults who have low vision to inquire: (a) what it is like to be a blind online learner, (b) what comprise the best online learning design characteristics, and (c) what impact is yielded by blind adults studying online. Six of the respondents use JAWS screen reading software and one uses ZoomText screen enlarging software. Experiences ranged from graduating from a master's degree in which most of the courses were delivered online to withdrawing from an online cooking class due to the frustrating interface and the unsuitable match of content and delivery. Reflexive analysis involved interaction with the empirical material, interpretation, critical theoretical reflection, and discourse analysis. Five of the seven participants evaluated online learning positively. One of the two participants evaluating online learning negatively was the woman who withdrew from the cooking course. The other learner enrolled in a non-interactive course. The four main research findings are: (a) online learning is possible, convenient and prodigious for blind adults; (b) three essential characteristics of online learning are simplicity, interactivity and accessibility; (c) blind learners require access to and working knowledge of assistive technologies as well as either a high level of technological proficiency or regular access to human supports; and (d) course characteristics designed to benefit blind learners improve online learning for all students.
The gravitational capture of compact objects by massive black holes
Creators: name: Amaro-Seoane, Pau
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The gravitational capture of a stellar-mass compact object (CO) by a supermassive black hole is a unique probe of gravity in the strong field regime. Because of the large mass ratio, we call these sources extreme-mass ratio inspirals (EMRIs). In a similar manner, COs can be captured by intermediate-mass black holes in globular clusters or dwarf galaxies. The mass ratio in this case is lower, and hence we refer to the system as an intermediate-mass ratio inspiral (IMRI). Also, sub-stellar objects such as a brown dwarf, with masses much lighter than our Sun, can inspiral into supermassive black holes such as Sgr A* at our Galactic centre. In this case, the mass ratio is extremely large and, hence, we call this system ab extremely-large mass ratio inspirals (XMRIs). All of these sources of gravitational waves will provide us with a collection of snapshots of spacetime around a supermassive black hole that will allow us to do a direct mapping of warped spacetime around the supermassive black hole, a live cartography of gravity in this extreme gravity regime. E/I/XMRIs will be detected by the future space-borne observatories like LISA. There has not been any other probe conceived, planned or even thought of ever that can do the science that we can do with these inspirals. We will discuss them from a viewpoint of relativistic astrophysics.
description: Submitted, 83 pages. Invited chapter for the "Handbook of Gravitational Wave Astronomy" (Eds. C. Bambi, S. Katsanevas and K. Kokkotas; Springer Singapore, 2021)
Real-time High-Resolution Neural Network with Semantic Guidance for Crack Segmentation
Creators: name: Li, Yongshang
name: Ma, Ronggui
name: Liu, Han
name: Cheng, Gaoli
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Deep learning plays an important role in crack segmentation, but most work utilize off-the-shelf or improved models that have not been specifically developed for this task. High-resolution convolution neural networks that are sensitive to objects' location and detail help improve the performance of crack segmentation, yet conflict with real-time detection. This paper describes HrSegNet, a high-resolution network with semantic guidance specifically designed for crack segmentation, which guarantees real-time inference speed while preserving crack details. After evaluation on the composite dataset CrackSeg9k and the scenario-specific datasets Asphalt3k and Concrete3k, HrSegNet obtains state-of-the-art segmentation performance and efficiencies that far exceed those of the compared models. This approach demonstrates that there is a trade-off between high-resolution modeling and real-time detection, which fosters the use of edge devices to analyze cracks in real-world applications.
Corrections to the Cardy-Verlinde formula from the modified dispersion relation in extra dimensions
Creators: name: Sefiedgar, A. S.
name: Sepangi, H. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The modified dispersion relation as a common feature of all quantum gravity scenarios provides a perturbation framework upon which the black hole thermodynamics can be corrected. In this letter, we obtain the corrections to the $d$-dimensional Schwarzschild black hole thermodynamics by utilizing the extra dimensional form of the modified dispersion relation, leading to the modification of the Cardy-Verlinde formula. Furthermore, we show that the modified dispersion relation corrections to the Cardy-Verlinde formula can be taken into account by redefining the Virasoro operator and the central charge.
description: 9 pages, to appear in PLB
Toward an understanding of community in schools
Creators: name: Benwell, Scott F. O.
Publisher: name: Education
Year: 2005

description: Bibliography: p. 143-157
description: The purpose of this study was to approach an understanding of how the metaphor of community is perceived and experienced by students, faculty, and school administration in schools where students achieve consistently high academic standing on standardized government examinations. This study illuminated stakeholder perceptions of community in school in three schools that were recognized for academic achievement in western Canada. The study employed Grounded Theory methodology and collected data from focus group interviews to construct a new conceptual framework of community in schools. Data were gathered from two focus group interviews with students, staff, and administration in each of the three participant schools. The focus group interviews were designed to probe deeply into the sense of community held by the participant groups. Additionally, the second interview was intended to confirm the authenticity of transcripts and preliminary thoughts held by the researcher about the emerging conceptual framework. Discussion about the study findings suggests that effective schools have a focus on creating an environment of emotional safety and attachments between students and faculty as well as attending to faculty skill, relevance to student learning, and contribution to a creative energy in the school. The data analysis generated a clear view of the complexity and competing forces that characterize the lived experience of school administration. In response, this dissertation presents a theoretical model that conceptualizes the work of school administrators by merging study findings with existing literature that was relevant to the descriptions of their work given by participant school administrators. The findings presented here will challenge educators and educational leaders to move from complacency to active pursuit of skills, relevance, and a school climate that promotes rigor in teaching and learning. In so doing, educators can move from lesser to greater consciousness of what effecting teaching, learning, and leading looks and feels like. Increased awareness of skills base and ways of becoming relevant will benefit schools as they seek effectiveness and improvement.
Weighted slice rank and a minimax correspondence to Strassen's spectra
Creators: name: Christandl, Matthias
name: Lysikov, Vladimir
name: Zuiddam, Jeroen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 15A69, 15A72, 14L24, 49N15, 68Q17

description: Structural and computational understanding of tensors is the driving force behind faster matrix multiplication algorithms, the unraveling of quantum entanglement, and the breakthrough on the cap set problem. Strassen's asymptotic spectra program (FOCS 1986) characterizes optimal matrix multiplication algorithms through monotone functionals. Our work advances and makes novel connections among two recent developments in the study of tensors, namely - the slice rank of tensors, a notion of rank for tensors that emerged from the resolution of the cap set problem (Ann. of Math. 2017), - and the quantum functionals of tensors (STOC 2018), monotone functionals defined as optimizations over moment polytopes. More precisely, we introduce an extension of slice rank that we call weighted slice rank and we develop a minimax correspondence between the asymptotic weighted slice rank and the quantum functionals. Weighted slice rank encapsulates different notions of bipartiteness of quantum entanglement. The correspondence allows us to give a rank-type characterization of the quantum functionals. Moreover, whereas the original definition of the quantum functionals only works over the complex numbers, this new characterization can be extended to all fields. Thereby, in addition to gaining deeper understanding of Strassen's theory for the complex numbers, we obtain a proposal for quantum functionals over other fields. The finite field case is crucial for combinatorial and algorithmic problems where the field can be optimized over.
description: 29pp, final version
Evaluation of a school-to-work internship pilot program for high-school seniors with special needs
Creators: name: Goldstein, David S.
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2012

description: Students with disabilities face a variety of challenges that extend beyond the classroom, as they are often behind their peers in social and life skills. As they exit their secondary education programs they are often ill prepared to meet the multi-dimensional demands of the work place. According to the United States Department of Labor(2011), only 34% of adults with disabilities ages 18–64 years work full time, when compared with 82% of those without disabilities. The current study examined a specialized School-to-Work Internship Pilot Program designed for high school seniors with disabilities that was developed and implemented by a school district in central New Jersey. Twenty four students from the 2009-2010 and 2010-2011 graduating classes participated in this study. Of those 24 participants, 10 participated in the School-to-Work Internship Pilot Programand 14 participated as the matched control group in this quasi-experimental study. Participants reported on their post-high school experiences of employment and post-high school education enrollment. In addition, these participants self-appraised their job knowledge/skills, socialization/emotional coping skills, task flexibility, dependability, motivation, and job satisfactionon a questionnaire pertaining to their employment experiences. These participants also appraised theirlife satisfaction, feelings of competence,empowerment, and social belongingon a questionnaire pertaining to their quality of life. Results indicated that the School-to-Work and Case Control participant groups did not statistically differ with respect to securing or maintaining employment, or the measures of employment experiences or quality of life. However, participants in the School-to-Work group enrolled in post-secondary education at a statistically significant higher rate when compared to the Case Control group. The School-to-Work Internship Pilot Program may have empowered these student participants to gain the necessary insight that further training would be necessary to obtain a full time job that is both rewarding and providesfull time benefits. Furthermore, although there were no statistical group differences due to small sample size, the School-to-Work Internship Pilot Program appeared to have generally positive influences on quality of life for participants as indicated by consistently favorable outcomes.
Magnetic Imaging of the Outer Solar Atmosphere (MImOSA): Unlocking the driver of the dynamics in the upper solar atmosphere
Creators: name: Peter, H.
name: Ballester, E. Alsina
name: Andretta, V.
name: Auchere, F.
name: Belluzzi, L.
name: Bemporad, A.
name: Berghmans, D.
name: Buchlin, E.
name: Calcines, A.
name: Chitta, L. P.
name: Dalmasse, K.
name: Aleman, T. del Pino
name: Feller, A.
name: Froment, C.
name: Harrison, R.
name: Janvier, M.
name: Matthews, S.
name: Parenti, S.
name: Przybylski, D.
name: Solanki, S. K.
name: Stepan, J.
name: Teriaca, L.
name: Bueno, J. Trujillo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The magnetic activity of the Sun directly impacts the Earth and human life. Likewise, other stars will have an impact on the habitability of planets orbiting these host stars. The lack of information on the magnetic field in the higher atmospheric layers hampers our progress in understanding solar magnetic activity. Overcoming this limitation would allow us to address four paramount long-standing questions: (1) How does the magnetic field couple the different layers of the atmosphere, and how does it transport energy? (2) How does the magnetic field structure, drive and interact with the plasma in the chromosphere and upper atmosphere? (3) How does the magnetic field destabilise the outer solar atmosphere and thus affect the interplanetary environment? (4) How do magnetic processes accelerate particles to high energies? New ground-breaking observations are needed to address these science questions. We suggest a suite of three instruments that far exceed current capabilities in terms of spatial resolution, light-gathering power, and polarimetric performance: (a) A large-aperture UV-to-IR telescope of the 1-3 m class aimed mainly to measure the magnetic field in the chromosphere by combining high spatial resolution and high sensitivity. (b) An extreme-UV-to-IR coronagraph that is designed to measure the large-scale magnetic field in the corona with an aperture of about 40 cm. (c) An extreme-UV imaging polarimeter based on a 30 cm telescope that combines high throughput in the extreme UV with polarimetry to connect the magnetic measurements of the other two instruments. This mission to measure the magnetic field will unlock the driver of the dynamics in the outer solar atmosphere and thereby greatly advance our understanding of the Sun and the heliosphere.
description: Submitted to Experimental Astronomy (on 28. Jul. 2020). Based on a proposal submitted in response to a call for white papers in the Voyage 2050 long-term plan in the ESA science programme. 36 pages, 10 figures
title: Hierarchical microstructure growth in a precursor‐derived SiOC thin film prepared on silicon substrate
Creators: name: Ricohermoso, Emmanuel III
name: Heripre, Eva
name: Solano‐Arana, Susana
name: Riedel, Ralf
name: Ionescu, Emanuel
Publisher: name: Wiley-Blackwell
Year: 2023

description: Silicon oxycarbide film deposited on a silicon substrate has shown superior electrical conductivity relative to its monolithic counterpart. In this work, the evolution of different microstructures detected on the SiOC film reveals its hierarchical microstructure. The existence of sp²‐hybridized carbon domains has been unambiguously confirmed by means of Raman spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy corroborated with electron energy loss spectroscopy. The diffusion coefficient of carbon in silica and its dependence on temperature were studied by assessing energy‐dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy profiles taken from the cross‐sections of samples annealed at temperatures in the range from 1100°C to 1400°C. The activation energy for diffusion of carbon in silica was determined to be approximately 3.05 eV, which is significantly lower than the values related to the self‐diffusion of silicon and oxygen. The microstructural evolution of precursor to SiCnO₄-n and SiC serves as migration path of sp²‐hybridized carbon to the SiOₓ layer. With increasing temperature, the formation of microscale carbon‐rich segregation is promoted while the SiOC film becomes thinner.
Solitons and kinks in a general car-following model
Creators: name: Kurtze, Douglas A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a car-following model of traffic flow which assumes only that a car's acceleration depends on its own speed, the headway ahead of it, and the rate of change of headway, with only minimal assumptions about the functional form of that dependence. The velocity of uniform steady flow is found implicitly from the acceleration function, and its linear stability criterion can be expressed simply in terms of it. Crucially, unlike in previously analyzed car-following models, the threshold of absolute stability does not generally coincide with an inflection point in the steady velocity function. The Burgers and KdV equations can be derived under the usual assumptions, but the mKdV equation arises only when absolute stability does coincide with an inflection point. Otherwise, the KdV equation applies near absolute stability, while near the inflection point one obtains the mKdV equation plus an extra, quadratic term. Corrections to the KdV equation "select" a single member of the one-parameter set of soliton solutions. In previous models this has always marked the threshold of a finite- amplitude instability of steady flow, but here it can alternatively be a stable, small-amplitude jam. That is, there can be a forward bifurcation from steady flow. The new, augmented mKdV equation which holds near an inflection point admits a continuous family of kink solutions, like the mKdV equation, and we derive the selection criterion arising from the corrections to this equation.
description: 25 pages
Social Media, Content Moderation, and Technology
Creators: name: Liu, Yi
name: Yildirim, Pinar
name: Zhang, Z. John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Economics (econ.GN)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This paper develops a theoretical model to study the economic incentives for a social media platform to moderate user-generated content. We show that a self-interested platform can use content moderation as an effective marketing tool to expand its installed user base, to increase the utility of its users, and to achieve its positioning as a moderate or extreme content platform. The optimal content moderation strategy differs for platforms with different revenue models, advertising or subscription. We also show that a platform's content moderation strategy depends on its technical sophistication. Because of imperfect technology, a platform may optimally throw away the moderate content more than the extreme content. Therefore, one cannot judge how extreme a platform is by just looking at its content moderation strategy. Furthermore, we show that a platform under advertising does not necessarily benefit from a better technology for content moderation, but one under subscription does. This means that platforms under different revenue models can have different incentives to improve their content moderation technology. Finally, we draw managerial and policy implications from our insights.
Αρχική- πιλοτική εφαρμογή του συστήματος διαλογής και αρχικής αξιολόγησης «priority» σε ασθενείς με κρανιοεγκεφαλικές κακώσεις που προσέρχονται σε τμήμα επειγόντων περιστατικών τριτοβάθμιου νοσοκομείου.
Creators: name: Σύρμος, Νικόλαος Χρήστου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2023
Subjects: Συστήματα Υγείας
Διαλογή
Φροντίδα Υγείας
Κρανιοεγκεφαλικές κακώσεις
Nευροχειρουργική
Ιατρική Πληροφορική
Health Systems
Triage
Health care
Traumatic Brain Injuries
Neurosurgery
Medical Informatics

description: Τα συστήματα διαλογής αποτελούν τόσο χρήσιμο όσο και καίριο εργαλείο για την επαρκή λειτουργία των Υγειονομικών Συστημάτων, σε παγκόσμια κλίμακα. Σε περιπτώσεις ανάγκης και επείγουσας Ιατρικής φροντίδας, επιτελούν καθοριστικό ρόλο στην παροχή περίθαλψης σε πάσχοντες ασθενείς. Τα τελευταία χρόνια, έχουν προταθεί και ηλεκτρονικά ολοκληρωμένα, προγράμματα διαλογής. Στην εργασία αυτή παρουσιάζεται η περιγραφή του συστήματος "PRIORITY" και η αρχική-πιλοτική εφαρμογή του σε περιπτώσεις κρανιοεγκεφαλικών κακώσεων (Κ.Ε.Κ.) που προσήλθαν σε Τ.Ε.Π. Τριτοβάθμιου Γενικού Νοσοκομείου του Ελληνικού Εθνικού Συστήματος Υγείας (Ε.Σ.Y.).
description: Triage systems are a very useful and critical tool for the adequate function of Health Systems, globally. In cases of emergency Health situations, they play a decisive role in providing care to patients. In recent years, electronic integrated screening programs have also been proposed. Aim of this study is the description and the initial – pilot application of the "PRIORITY" system in cases with traumatic brain injuries, treated in a tertiary Hospital Emergency Department of the Ηellenic National Health System.
Effective $f(R)$ actions for modified Loop Quantum Cosmologies via order reduction
Creators: name: Ribeiro, Ana Rita
name: Vernieri, Daniele
name: Lobo, Francisco S. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: General Relativity is an extremely successful theory, at least for weak gravitational fields, however, it breaks down at very high energies, such as in correspondence of the initial singularity. Quantum Gravity is expected to provide more physical insights concerning this open question. Indeed, one alternative scenario to the Big Bang, that manages to completely avoid the singularity, is offered by Loop Quantum Cosmology (LQC), which predicts that the Universe undergoes a collapse to an expansion through a bounce. In this work, we use metric $f(R)$ gravity to reproduce the modified Friedmann equations which have been obtained in the context of modified loop quantum cosmologies. To achieve this, we apply an order reduction method to the $f(R)$ field equations, and obtain covariant effective actions that lead to a bounce, for specific models of modified LQC, considering matter as a scalar field.
description: 16 pages, 4 figures. V2: typo corrected in caption of Fig.4a); references added
Δικαιώματα διανοητικής ιδιοκτησίας και γενόσημα φάρμακα
Creators: name: Τάκα, Μαρία Μιλτιάδη
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2023
Subjects: Διανοητική ιδιοκτησία και γενόσημα φάρμακα
Δίπλωμα ευρεσιτεχνίας και γενόσημα φάρμακα
Η σχέση μεταξύ διπλώματος ευρεσιτεχνίας και γενοσήμων φαρμάκων
Intellectual Property and Generic Drugs
Generic Drugs and Patent
The connection between patent and generic drugs

description: Η φαρμακευτική αγορά παρουσιάζει ιδιαιτερότητες που μεταξύ άλλων σχετίζονται και με την ιδιάζουσα φύση του ίδιου του φαρμάκου, ως κοινωνικού αγαθού από τη μια και ως εμπορεύσιμου αγαθού με αξιώσεις ισότιμης μεταχείρισης με τα υπόλοιπα εμπορεύματα της αγοράς από την άλλη. Τα δικαιώματα διανοητικής ιδιοκτησίας και ιδίως το δίπλωμα ευρεσιτεχνίας ικανοποιούν τις εν λόγω αξιώσεις του φαρμάκου ως εμπορεύσιμου αγαθού προωθώντας την καινοτομία και συνιστώντας ταυτόχρονα τη βασική πηγή χρηματοδότησής του. Ωστόσο, για όσο διάστημα διαρκεί η προστασία του διπλώματος αποκλείεται η δυνατότητα σε άλλες εταιρείες να παρασκευάσουν γενόσημες εκδόσεις του υπό προστασία φαρμάκου, γεγονός που έχει ως αποτέλεσμα να καθίσταται αδύνατη η πρόσβαση των ασθενών σε φθηνά και προσιτά φάρμακα. Αντικείμενο της παρούσας αποτελεί αυτή η ιδιαίτερα στενή σχέση μεταξύ του διπλώματος ευρεσιτεχνίας και των γενοσήμων φαρμάκων, η διαθεσιμότητα των οποίων εξαρτάται συχνά από τη λήξη του διπλώματος που κατέχει η φαρμακευτική εταιρεία που παράγει την πρωτότυπη εκδοχή αυτών.
description: The pharmaceutical market presents peculiarities that are related, among other things, to the special nature of the drug itself, both as a social good and as a tradable commodity with claims of equal treatment compared to other market goods. Intellectual property rights, particularly patent, satisfy the aforementioned claims of the drug as a tradable commodity, promoting innovation and serving as the primary source of its funding. However, during the duration of patent protection, other companies are excluded from manufacturing generic versions of the protected drug, resulting in limited access for patients to affordable and accessible medication. The subject of this thesis is the close relationship between patent and generic drugs, whose availability often depends on the expiration of the patent held by the pharmaceutical company producing the original version of these drugs.
Bridging Proper Orthogonal Decomposition methods and augmented Newton-Krylov algorithms: an adaptive model order reduction for highly nonlinear mechanical problems
Creators: name: Kerfriden, Pierre
name: Gosselet, Pierre
name: Adhikari, Sondipon
name: Bordas, Stéphane
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This article describes a bridge between POD-based model order reduction techniques and the classical Newton/Krylov solvers. This bridge is used to derive an efficient algorithm to correct, "on-the-fly", the reduced order modelling of highly nonlinear problems undergoing strong topological changes. Damage initiation problems are addressed and tackle via a corrected hyperreduction method. It is shown that the relevancy of reduced order model can be significantly improved with reasonable additional costs when using this algorithm, even when strong topological changes are involved.
Learner conceptions of the limit concept
Creators: name: Brown, Allan
Publisher: name: Education
Year: 2004

description: Bibliography: p. 128-138
description: The intuitive idea of a limit involves getting as close as one wishes to some goal. The classical Greek mathematicians knew of this idea over two thousand years ago. Through the centuries scientists and engineers used the idea to solve problems by calculating quantities that were not otherwise accessible. This made the limit concept important in calculus and in learning calculus. However, the limit concept has been, and still remains, a troublesome concept for learners to grasp. Two factors stand out: the limit concept is complex, and it poses particular cognitive challenges. Calculus reform and other efforts to improve the teaching and learning of calculus have met with some success, but controversy still surrounds the causes for the difficulties and the efficacy of the various approaches. Much still needs to be discovered about how learners think about the limit in calculus. This study investigated how postsecondary students who have successfully completed an introductory calculus course conceptualised the limit concept. Conceptions are accessed by inference. From a qualitative, cognitive theoretical perspective, data collection was carried out through a combination of task-based interviews with four volunteers, and through a written questionnaire designed to explore particular aspects of limits that was completed by fourteen volunteers. The analysis considered themes of how each participant made sense of the limit concept, and the implications for teaching. The findings reveal that the participants' conceptualisations of limit varies by mathematical context and in relation to the participants' academic backgrounds. The study clearly established that limit is a difficult concept to learn and suggests follow-up investigation of what it means to learn a difficult mathematical concept in general. The study also raises the question of the necessity to include limit in introductory calculus courses and suggests follow-up studies to investigate the impact on learning calculus with and without limit. Finally, further investigation is suggested of the relationship between instruction and students' conceptions as a basis for improving learning of limit and other difficult mathematics concepts
Inflation, electroweak phase transition, and Higgs searches at the LHC in the two-Higgs-doublet model
Creators: name: Wang, Lei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Combining the electroweak phase transition and the Higgs searches at the LHC, we study the Higgs inflation in the type-I and type-II two-Higgs-doublet models with non-minimally couplings to gravity. Considering relevant theoretical and experimental constraints, we find that the Higgs inflation imposes stringent constraints on the mass splitting between $A$, $H^\pm$ and $H$, and they tend to be nearly degenerate in mass with increasing of their masses. The direct searches for Higgs at the LHC can exclude many points achieving Higgs inflation in the region of $m_H~(m_A)<$ 450 GeV in the type-I model, and impose a lower bound on $\tanβ$ for the type-II model. The Higgs inflation disfavors the wrong sign Yukawa coupling region of type-II model. In the parameter space achieving the Higgs inflation, the type-I and type-II models can produce a first order electroweak phase transition, but $v_c/T_c$ is much smaller than 1.0.
description: Some discussions are added. Matches version published in JHEP
Di-boson results at ATLAS
Creators: name: Giraud, Pierre-François
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Pairs of gauge boson produced in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy $\sqrt{s}$ of 7 TeV are reconstructed with the ATLAS detector in their leptonic final states. Based on samples of integrated luminosity $L=1.0 fb^{-1}$ (for WW, WZ and ZZ) and $35 pb^{-1}$ (for Wγand Zγ) of 2011 and 2010 LHC data, the total di-boson production cross sections are measured. They are found, together with the kinematic distributions of the selected di-boson systems to be compatible with the expectation from the Standard Model. The di-boson production also gives a handle on possible anomalous triple gauge boson couplings, for which 95% confidence limits are set.
description: Presented at the 2011 Hadron Collider Physics symposium (HCP-2011), Paris, France, November 14-18 2011, 4 pages, 7 figures
Tests of gravity at the solar system scale
Creators: name: Jaekel, Marc-Thierry
name: Reynaud, Serge
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As confirmed by tests performed in the solar system, General Relativity (GR) presently represents the best description of gravitation. It is however challenged by observations at very large length scales, and already at the solar system scale, tracking of the Pioneer 10/11 probes has failed to confirm their expected behavior according to GR. Metric extensions of GR, which are presented here, have the quality of preserving the fundamental properties of GR while introducing scale dependent modifications. We show that they moreover represent an appropriate family of gravitation theories to be compared with observations when analysing gravity tests. We also discuss different tests which could allow one to determine the metric extension of GR prevailing in the solar system.
description: 8 pages, Proceedings of 46th Rencontres de Moriond
Pinning down the leptophobic $Z^\prime$ in leptonic final states with Deep Learning
Creators: name: Mandal, Tanumoy
name: Masaye, Aniket
name: Mitra, Subhadip
name: Neeraj, Cyrin
name: Reule, Naveen
name: Shah, Kalp
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A leptophobic $Z^\prime$ that does not couple with the Standard Model leptons can evade the stringent bounds from the dilepton-resonance searches. In our earlier paper [T. Arun et al., Search for the $Z'$ boson decaying to a right-handed neutrino pair in leptophobic $U(1)$ models, Phys. Rev. D, 106 (2022) 095035; arXiv:2204.02949], we presented two gauge anomaly-free $U(1)$ models -- one based on the Green-Schwarz (GS) anomaly cancellation mechanism, and the other on a grand unified theory (GUT) framework with gauge kinetic mixing -- where a heavy leptophobic $Z'$ is present along with right-handed neutrinos ($N_R$). We pointed out the interesting possibility of a correlated search for $Z'$ and $N_R$ at the LHC through the $pp\to Z'\to N_R N_R$ channel. This channel can probe a part of the $Z'$ parameter space beyond the reach of the standard dijet resonance searches. In this follow-up paper, we analyse the challenging monolepton final state arising from the decays of the $N_R$ pair with Deep Learning. We present the high-luminosity LHC discovery reaches for six different GUT embeddings and a benchmark point in the GS setup. We also update our previous estimates in the dilepton channel with Deep Learning. We identify parameter regions that can be probed with the proposed channel but will remain inaccessible to dijet searches at the HL-LHC.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures, 5 tables. Matches the published version
title: Электроретинография при заболеваниях головного мозга
Creators: name: ELS IPR BOOKS
Publisher: name: Ай Пи Ар Медиа
Year: 2024

description: В данной книге, основанной на результатах собственного опыта автора и литературных данных, освещены вопросы субъективного и объективного обследования зрительного анализатора пациентов, включая биоэлектрический ответ сетчатки на световое раздражение, электроретинографию (ЭРГ). Издание разделено на клиническую и экспериментальную части. В клинической части представлены собственные результаты электроретинографических исследований пациентов с воспалительными и опухолевыми заболеваниями головного мозга. В экспериментальной части книги автором описаны ЭРГ кроликов с радиационно индуцированной опухолью головного мозга и воздействием локального излучения на ткани головного мозга животных. Книга иллюстрирована собственными электроретинограммами, картиной глазного дна пациентов и кроликов, литературными иллюстрациями с указанием их авторов. Предназначена для офтальмологов, клинических физиологов, онкологов, радиологов, нейрохирургов, биологов.