cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Comparison of results from a 2+1D relativistic viscous hydrodynamic model to elliptic and hexadecapole flow of charged hadrons measured in Au-Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm {NN}}}$ = 200 GeV
Creators: name: Roy, Victor
name: Chaudhuri, A. K.
name: Mohanty, Bedangadas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Simulated results from a 2+1D relativistic viscous hydrodynamic model have been compared to the experimental data on the centrality dependence of invariant yield, elliptic flow ($v_{2}$), and hexadecapole flow ($v_{4}$) as a function of transverse momentum ($p_{T}$) of charged hadrons in Au-Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm {NN}}}$ = 200 GeV. Results from two types of initial transverse energy density profile, one based on the Glauber model and other based on Color-Glass-Condensate (CGC) are presented. We observe no difference in the simulated results on the invariant yield of charged hadrons for the calculations with different initial conditions. The comparison to the experimental data on invariant yield of charged hadrons supports a shear viscosity to entropy density ratio ($η/s$) between 0 to 0.12 for the 0-10% to 40-50% collision centralities. The simulated $v_{2}(p_{T})$ is found to be higher for a fluid with CGC based initial condition compared to Glauber based initial condition for a given collision centrality. Consequently the Glauber based calculations when compared to the experimental data requires a lower value of $η/s$ relative to CGC based calculations. In addition, a centrality dependence of the estimated $η/s$ is observed from the $v_{2}(p_{T})$ study. The $v_{4}(p_{T})$ for the collision centralities 0-10% to 40-50% supports a $η/s$ value between 0 - 0.08 for a CGC based initial condition. While simulated results using the Glauber based initial condition for the ideal fluid evolution under estimates the $v_{4}(p_{T})$ for collision centralities 0-10% to 30-40%.
description: 11 pages, 11 figures, Accepted for publication in Physical Review C
Policymaking and Caseload Dynamics: Homeless Shelters
Creators: name: McAllister, William
name: Berlin, Gordon
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Political science
subject: FOS: Political science

description: Many social problems can be understood as "conceptual caseloads" (e.g. people in poverty), and actual programmatic caseloads are a major, specific concern for policymakers and public administrators. Thus, a crucial and fairly general concern is how caseloads—whether conceptual or programmatic—can be reduced. To address this concern, officials often fall back on politically or intuitively attractive ideas—preventing people from entering caseloads, for example. Failure to incorporate caseload dynamics, however, may mean prevention and other caseload reduction policies will deliver much less than promised, and may cause caseloads to grow. In this paper, the authors first show how caseload size depends only on the number of entrants to a caseload and the rate at which people leave a caseload. With this framework in mind, they then address two common, seemingly appropriate policy responses: preventing entrants and hastening leaving. However, they show how too little is now known about homeless prevention to pin high hopes on its utility and that some social welfare problems, like homelessness, may be too inhospitable for prevention's logic. The authors then explain how allocating resources to hasten leaving is not as straightforward as policymakers have assumed but rather must recognize caseload dynamics to avoid unintended growth. They conclude by explaining some limits and opportunities in using caseload dynamics for policymaking.
Quasi-Superactivation of Classical Capacity of Zero-Capacity Quantum Channels
Creators: name: Gyongyosi, Laszlo
name: Imre, Sandor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: One of the most surprising recent results in quantum Shannon theory is the superactivation of the quantum capacity of a quantum channel. This phenomenon has its roots in the extreme violation of additivity of the channel capacity and enables to reliably transmit quantum information over zero-capacity quantum channels. In this work we demonstrate a similar effect for the classical capacity of a quantum channel which previously was thought to be impossible. We show that a nonzero classical capacity can be achieved for all zero-capacity quantum channels and it only requires the assistance of an elementary photon-atom interaction process - the stimulated emission.
description: 52 pages, 6 figures, Journal-ref: Journal of Modern Optics, published version (minor typo fixed)
A behavioral risk management system
Creators: name: Goto, Shigeyuki
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2004
Subjects: Commerce

description: It is really vital for corporate management to determine the extent of uncertainty the entity is prepared to accept for increasing stakeholder's value. Board of directors would set up an entity's strategic objective, an entity's operational objectives, and its risk appetite. The management is expected to respond properly to the risk associated with complex environment, to guard against irrational decision-making, and over-commitment, and to introduce effective controls for securing efficient execution. Corporations should consider to critically examine their risk management system from a Humanistic viewpoint. I would like to clarify the mechanism which improves employees' risk sense, creates risk preventive knowledge and encourage proper risk communication. I refer to the risk management system properly equipped with such a as "Behavioral Risk Management System."
The Role of Stochastic Acceleration in the Prompt Emission of Gamma-Ray Bursts: Application to Hadronic Injection
Creators: name: Murase, Kohta
name: Asano, Katsuaki
name: Terasawa, Toshio
name: Meszaros, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study effects of particle re-acceleration (or heating) in the post-shock region via magnetohydrodynamic/plasma turbulence, in the context of a mixed hadronic-leptonic model for the prompt emission of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), using both analytical and numerical methods. We show that stochastically accelerated (or heated) leptons, which are injected via pp and pg reactions and subsequent pair cascades, are plausibly able to reproduce the Band function spectra with alpha~1 and beta~2-3 in the ~MeV range. An additional hard component coming from the proton-induced cascade emission is simultaneously expected, which is compatible with observed extra power-law spectra far above the MeV range. We also discuss the specific implications of hadronic models for ongoing high-energy neutrino observations.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ, discussions added, typos fixed. Results unchanged
Delirium after transcatheter aortic valve implantation : a retrospective chart review of associated risk factors and outcomes
Creators: name: Tse-Agha, Lurdes
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: A retrospective chart review was performed to determine the incidence and risk factors of delirium after transfemoral and transapical transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI), and open-heart aortic valve replacement (AVR) (n = 45 per group). A number of secondary outcomes were also compared between the surgeries, including 24-hour, 30-day, 1-year and 2-year mortality; time spent in intensive care; total length of hospitalization; need for emergency cardiopulmonary bypass during operation (for TAVI procedures only); and frequencies of postoperative complications. Delirium occurred significantly less frequently in transfemoral TAVI (16%) than in transapical TAVI (51%) or open-heart AVR (38%) (p < 0.01 for transfemoral vs. transapical; p < 0.05 for transfemoral vs. open-heart). There were no significant differences in the use of emergency cardiopulmonary bypass between the two TAVI procedures. Transapical TAVI patients required longer periods of intensive care compared to transfemoral or open-heart patients (84 ± 118.4 hours for transapical compared to 36 ± 36.9 hours for transfemoral and 41 ± 32.1 hours for open-heart; p = 0.014 for transapical vs. transfemoral; p = 0.025 for transapical vs. open-heart), and transfemoral patients had significantly shorter lengths of hospitalization (8 ± 6.0 days for transfemoral compared to 14 ± 9.5 days for transapical and 11 ± 7.2 days for open-heart; p = 0.001 for transfemoral vs. transapical; p = 0.047 for transfemoral vs. open-heart). The 2-year cumulative mortality rate was significantly lower for open-heart patients than for TAVI patients (2% of open-heart patients, compared to 20% of transapical patients and 18% of transfemoral patients; p = 0.007 for transapical vs. open-heart; p = 0.014 for transfemoral vs. open-heart). Transapical and open-heart patients suffered from more postoperative complications than transfemoral patients. A large number of risk factors for delirium were also identified within each surgical group. This study demonstrated that benefits are incurred with transfemoral TAVI compared to transapical TAVI and compared to open-heart AVR. The contribution of medications taken in the perioperative period on the outcome of postoperative delirium is discussed, and clinical considerations with regards to using TAVI for mitigating the incidence of delirium are mentioned.
Verpfiffen?!
Creators: name: Nasz, Jannik
Publisher: name: Journal für Sportkommunikation und Mediensport
Year: 2018

description: Nicht erst seit der Einführung des Videoassistenten in der 1. Fußball Bundesliga stehen Schiedsrichterentscheidungen im Fokus der Öffentlichkeit. Unzählige Fernsehkameras in Deutschlands Fußballstadien ermöglichen es Zuschauern schon seit Jahren, Spielszenen aus jedem denkbaren Blickwinkel in HD-Qualität und Super-Zeitlupe zu betrachten. Fehlentscheidungen lassen sich häufig in Sekundenschnelle identifizieren. Welche Auswirkungen hat dies auf die Berichterstattung über Schiedsrichterleistungen? Nach welchen Kriterien werden Schiedsrichter in unterschiedlichen Publikationsorganen bewertet? Und wie hat sich die Medienberichterstattung über Fußball-Schiedsrichter im Zeitverlauf verändert? Eine quantitative Inhaltsanalyse von 392 schriftlichen Bundesliga-Spielberichten der Onlinemedien Kicker online und Bild.de aus den Jahren 2006 bis 2013 zeigt, dass Schiedsrichter hauptsächlich negativ bewertet werden. Sie stehen meist dann im Fokus, wenn sie Fehlentscheidungen getroffen haben. In einigen Saisons nimmt die negative Tendenz der Berichterstattung recht deutlich und zunehmend Überhand – vor allem bei Bild.de. Große Unterschiede gibt es in den einzelnen Bewertungskategorien. Die Vollerhebung der Noten über 21 Jahre hinweg zeigt, dass die Bewertung von Schiedsrichtern seit der Jahrtausendwende tendenziell leicht besser wird. Refereeing decisions have always been in the focus of the public eye. Especially now more than ever since introducing video assistance to the Bundesliga in Germany. Due to countless TV cameras in soccer stadiums, spectators are enabled to watch every game scene from various angels, in highest quality and in slow motion. These are factors that allow wrong decision to be tracked down within seconds. What influence does this have on the media reports about the performance of the referees? According to which criteria are referees evaluated in different publications? And how has media coverage of soccer referees changed over time? A quantitative content analysis of 392 written Bundesliga game reports of the online media Kicker online and Bild.de from the years 2006 to 2013 shows that referees are mainly rated negative. They are usually in focus when they have made wrong decisions on the field. In some seasons, the negative trend of reporting increases massively - especially at Bild.de. There are big differences in the individual rating categories. The analysis of grades over 21 seasons shows that referee ratings have tended to improve slightly since the turn of the millennium.
description: Journal für Sportkommunikation und Mediensport, Bd. 3 Nr. 1 (2018)
Can GJ 876 host four planets in resonance?
Creators: name: Gerlach, Enrico
name: Haghighipour, Nader
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Prior to the detection of its outermost Uranus-mass object, it had been suggested that GJ 876 could host an Earth-sized planet in a 15-day orbit. Observation, however, did not support this idea, but instead revealed evidence for the existence of a larger body in a $\sim$125-day orbit, near a three-body resonance with the two giant planets of this system. In this paper, we present a detailed analysis of the dynamics of the four-planet system of GJ 876, and examine the possibility of the existence of other planetary objects interior to its outermost body. We have developed a numerical scheme that enables us to search the orbital parameter-space very effectively and, in a short time, identify regions where an object may be stable. We present details of this integration method and discuss its application to the GJ 876 four-planet system. The results of our initial analysis suggested possible stable orbits at regions exterior to the orbit of the outermost planet and also indicated that an island of stability may exist in and around the 15-day orbit. However, examining the long-term stability of an object in that region by direct integration revealed that the 15-day orbit becomes unstable and that the system of GJ 876 is most likely dynamically full. We present the results of our study and discuss their implications for the formation and final orbital architecture of this system.
description: 15 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in Cel. Mech. Dyn. Astron
Additional file 2 of Transcriptome analyses revealed the ultraviolet B irradiation and phytohormone gibberellins coordinately promoted the accumulation of artemisinin in Artemisia annua L.
Creators: name: Ma, Tingyu
name: Gao, Han
name: Zhang, Dong
name: Shi, Yuhua
name: Zhang, Tianyuan
name: Shen, Xiaofeng
name: Wu, Lan
name: Xiang, Li
name: Chen, Shilin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2: Figure S2. Detection of co-expressed modules based on weighted gene co-expression network analysis. (A) Clustering of the modules. (B) Analysis of network topology through different soft-threshold limits.
Research Portal for Secure Data Discovery, Access and Collaboration
Creators: name: Dharsee, Moyez
name: Behan, Brendan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: data discovery
subject: research data management
subject: health data
subject: https://dictionary.casrai.org/Research_data_management
subject: https://dictionary.casrai.org/Data_management

description: Presentation on a research portal for Brain-CODE, the extensible neuroinformatics platform. For the Research Data Management Workshop 2019.
Real Income Stagnation of Countries, 1960-2001
Creators: name: Reddy, Sanjay G.
name: Minoiu, Camelia
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2006
Subjects: Economics

description: This paper examines the phenomenon of real-income stagnation (in which real-income growth is uninterruptedly negligible or negative for a sizable sequence of years). The authors analyze data for four decades from a large cross-section of countries. Real income stagnation is a conceptually distinct phenomenon from low average growth and other features of the growth sequence that have been previously considered. The authors find that real income stagnation has affected a significant number of countries (103 out of 168), and resulted in substantial income loss. Countries that suffered spells of real income stagnation were more likely to be poor, in Latin America or sub-Saharan Africa, conflict ridden and dependent on primary commodity exports. Stagnation is also very likely to persist over time. Countries that were afflicted with stagnation in the 1960s had a likelihood of seventy-five percent of also being afflicted with stagnation in the 1990s.
Simulaciones Computacionales en la Interpretación de Experimentos a Gran Escala: el Caso de los Muones
Creators: name: Liborio, Leandro
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Muones, Simulaciones Computacionales

description: En esta charla presenté muy brevemente al Laboratorio Rutherford Appleton y a describí como se generan y se usan las partículas subatómicas denominadas muones. Los experimentos con muones se utilizan en áreas muy variadas, que van desde química orgánica hasta física de semiconductores. El foco de esta charla fue la presentación de una serie de métodos computacionales que hemos desarrollado para ayudar en la interpretación de los diferentes tipos de experimentos con muones. Estos métodos combinan cálculos de primeros principios con técnicas de aprendizaje automatizado (machine learning), y nos han permitido identificar parámetros que son cruciales para los experimentos con muones, tales como el sitio de implante del muon en estos experimentos.
Homeostasis in Chemical Reaction Pathways
Creators: name: Malyshev, V. A.
name: Manita, A. D.
name: Zamyatin, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider stochastic models of chemical reaction networks with time dependent input rates and several types of molecules. We prove that, in despite of strong time dependence of input rates, there is a kind of homeostasis phenomenon: far away from input nodes the mean numbers of molecules of each type become approximately constant (do not depend on time).
description: 10 pages
The irresponsible Japanese top management under the cross-shareholding arrangement
Creators: name: Sase, Takao
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2002
Subjects: Economics

description: "The principles of Japanese social structure can be seen clearly portrayed in the household structure, and the internal structure of the various groups in Japan is vertical. Kaisha (a company or a corporation) is not an exception. Key characteristics of corporate governance in Japan are the lifetime employment mores for larger corporations with the seniority system, company-wide labor organizations and the cross-shareholding arrangements among corporations that center around main-banks. The Japanese corporate governance promoted economic growth but lacks an effective brake, because of the cross-shareholding arrangements. This is the big defect of Japanese-style capitalism."
Neural correlates of conscious and unconscious perception of self-faces
Creators: name: Pannese, Alessia
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Priority of the “Self” is thought to be evolutionarily advantageous. However, evidence for this priority has been sparse. Capitalizing on a recently developed experimental tool (masked priming), able to reveal unconscious processes, I present new empirical data supporting, and further characterizing, the notion of self-specificity.
Ferovisenda Mamaev 1972
Creators: name: Jaschhof, Mathias
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Cecidomyiidae
Ferovisenda

description: Genus Ferovisenda Mamaev, 1972
Ferovisenda — Mamaev 1972: 114. Type species, pigrum Mamaev, by original designation.
In his description of Ferovisenda Mamaev (1972) referred to the similarity of this genus to Diallactes (valid name Diallactia), which is misleading. The notes I made on the male holotype of F. pigrum, examined in 2012, make clear that Ferovisenda is actually extremely similar to Gynapteromyia. The only reasons why I hesitate to synonymize the two names are the eye bridge, which in F. pigrum is 4–5 ommatidia long dorsally, thus slightly longer than usual in Gynapteromyia, and the tegmen, which has a subtriangular apex and substructures that I am unable to resolve. However, I would not rule out the possibility that a re-examination of the types of F. pigrum now, with a deeper understanding of Diallactiini characters, would arrive at the conclusion that this species is just a slightly aberrant Gynapteromyia.
description: Published as part of Jaschhof, Mathias, 2016, A review of world Diallactiini (Diptera, Cecidomyiidae, Winnertziinae), with the description of six new genera and seventeen new species, pp. 201-244 in Zootaxa 4127 (2) on page 209, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4127.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/267022
Bayesian Network Enhanced with Structural Reliability Methods: Application
Creators: name: Straub, Daniel
name: Der Kiureghian, Armen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The enhanced Bayesian network (eBN) methodology described in the companion paper facilitates the assessment of reliability and risk of engineering systems when information about the system evolves in time. We present the application of the eBN (a) to the assessment of the life-cycle reliability of a structural system, (b) to the optimization of a decision on performing measurements in that structural system, and (c) to the risk assessment of an infrastructure system subject to natural hazards and deterioration of constituent structures. In all applications, observations of system performances or the hazards are made at various points in time and the eBN efficiently includes these observations in the analysis to provide an updated probabilistic model of the system at all times.
Competition policy in communications industries: New antitrust approaches
Creators: name: Pitofsky, Robert
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1997
Subjects: Economics

description: "Recent developments in the communications industries show a steady movement from direct regulation to increased reliance on free market incentives. As a believer in the efficiency of market incentives, I regard elimination or substantial reduction of regulation, assuming competition is a feasible alternative, as a good result. Of course, deregulation should be accompanied by a greater role for fundamental antitrust analysis and enforcement, lest the old shackles be replaced by new ones of private manufacture."
Additional file 1 of Chromatin 3D structure reconstruction with consideration of adjacency relationship among genomic loci
Creators: name: Li, Fang-Zhen
name: Liu, Zhi-E
name: Li, Xiu-Yuan
name: Bu, Li-Mei
name: Bu, Hong-Xia
name: Liu, Hui
name: Zhang, Cai-Ming
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1.
One World, Two Worlds or Three? Reflections on the New International Economic Order
Creators: name: Patrick, Hugh T.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1992
Subjects: Commerce

description: Hugh Patrick is R.D. Calkins Professor of International Business and Director of the Center on Japanese Economy and Business at the Graduate School of Business, Columbia University. This paper originated as a lecture given at the Asia Society in Hong Kong, January 16,1992.
Section 301 and the U.S. Japan economic relationship: Reflections on Kuroda
Creators: name: Patrick, Hugh T.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1990
Subjects: Economics
Commerce

description: My purposes here are first, to comment on some of the specific issues raised by Makoto Kuroda, former MITI Vice-Minister for International Economic Relations, and, second, to expand on them by making several more general comments on the political economy of the U.S.- Japan economic relationship. I argue that while Kuroda makes a number of valid and important points, he is (perhaps self-servingly) optimistic, and ignores the broader political economy realities of the bilateral relationship which have shaped the passage and implementation of Super-301.
title: Studie zur Web-Server-Sicherheit von Unternehmen aus Hannover und Umgebung
Creators: name: Merz, Peter
Publisher: name: Hochschule Hannover
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 004 Informatik

description: Der vorliegende Artikel beschreibt die Ergebnisse einer Studie zur Sicherheit von Web-Servern niedersächsischer Unternehmen aus dem Raum Hannover. Untersucht wurden vier Unternehmensgruppen, die sich aus Mitgliedern von Unternehmensverbänden und berufsständischen Körperschaften zusammensetzen. Insgesamt werden mehr als 1800 Unternehmen betrachtet. Als Indikator für die IT-Sicherheit wurden vier Sicherheitslücken herangezogen, die leicht überprüft werden können, ohne die Web-Server in ihrem Betrieb zu beeinträchtigen.
Die Ergebnisse sind ernüchternd: Viele Unternehmen setzen keine Verschlüsselung ein oder die Web-Server-Software ist nicht auf dem neusten Stand. Bei ungefähr jedem dritten Unternehmen, welches Verschlüsselung einsetzt, enthält die Software seit mehr als einem Jahr bekannte Schwachstellen und sollte umgehend aktualisiert werden. Dies zeigt, dass das IT-Sicherheitsmanagement in vielen Unternehmen mangelhaft ist.
Parameters, limits and higher derivative type II string corrections
Creators: name: Gubay, Finn
name: West, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: String theory in d dimensions has n+1=11-d parameters that may be thought of as being inherited from the geometry of an n+1 torus which may be used to construct the theory using dimensional reduction from eleven dimensions. We give the precise relationship between these parameters and the expectation values of the scalar fields that parameterise the E_{n+1} coset of the d dimensional theory. This allows us to examine all possible limits of the automorphic forms which occur as the coefficient functions of the higher derivative corrections to the d dimensional type II string effective action.
description: 73 pages. Typos fixed and other minor corrections
title: Biopolymers - facts and statistics
Creators: name: IfBB-Institut Für Biokunststoffe Und Bioverbundwerkstoffe
Publisher: name: Hochschule Hannover
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 660 Technische Chemie

description: One of the main concerns of this publication is to furnish a more rational basis for discussing bioplastics and use fact-based arguments in the public discourse. Furthermore, “Biopolymers – facts and statistics” aims to provide specific, qualified answers easily and quickly for decision-makers in particular from public administration and the industrial sector. Therefore, this publication is made up like a set of rules and standards and largely foregoes textual detail. It offers extensive market-relevant and technical facts presented in graphs and charts, which means that the information is much easier to grasp. The reader can expect comparative market figures for various materials, regions, applications, process routes, agricultural land use, water use or resource consumption, production capacities, geographic distribution, etc.
description: Biopolymers - facts and statistics, 3
Ultrafast Spontaneous Motion of Nanodroplets
Creators: name: Lv, Cunjing
name: Chen, Chao
name: Chuang, Yin-Chuan
name: Tseng, Fan-Gang
name: Yin, Yajun
name: Grey, Francois
name: Zheng, Quanshui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 30F20, 76B45, 76E17

description: Making liquid droplets move spontaneously on solid surfaces is a key challenge in lab-on-chip and heat exchanger technologies. The best-known mechanism, a wettability gradient, does not generally move droplets rapidly enough and cannot drive droplets smaller than a critical size. Here we report how a curvature gradient is particularly effective at accelerating small droplets, and works for both hydrophilic and hydrophobic surfaces. Experiments for water droplets on tapered surfaces with curvature radii in the sub-millimeter range show a maximum speed of 0.28 m/s, two orders of magnitude higher than obtained by wettability gradient. We show that the force exerted on a droplet scales as the surface curvature gradient. Using molecular dynamics simulations, we observe nanoscale droplets moving spontaneously at over 100 m/s on tapered surfaces.
description: 18 pages, 6 figures. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1202.6582
Neuromuscular modelling of skeletal muscle contraction from experimental motoneuronal activity
Creators: name: Caillet, Arnault
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2023

description: To investigate human voluntary muscle contraction, computational neuromuscular models are commonly modelled with a single Hill-type muscle actuator receiving a unique experimental neural control from electromyography (EMG). Despite countless successful applications, this approach is limited as it cannot describe nor control the recruitment and neuromechanical dynamics of the individual motor units (MUs) constituting the muscle. As detailed in the first systematic review of the field reported in this thesis, current Hill-type modelling approaches are therefore limited to simulate and investigate neuromuscular control during human voluntary muscle contraction. The aim of this thesis was to develop a novel neuromuscular model described as a collection of Hill-type MU actuators and controlled by adequate experimental neural inputs to allow the forward simulation of the MU pool dynamics during human voluntary muscle contraction. A large portion of this thesis focused on the experimental and computational methods necessary to obtain reliable neural inputs to the modelled MUs. Motoneuron (MN) spike trains were experimentally identified from the decomposition of high-density EMG (HDEMG) signals. With refinements in the experimental and processing protocols, the number and quality of the identified spike trains were maximized. Despite that, only small portions of the active MU pool were identified, and the HDEMG spike trains did not provide an accurate approximation of the real neural command to muscle. To address this limitation, a novel computational pipeline was developed to infer from the HDEMG spike trains the discharge activity of the complete MN population. The pipeline used mathematical relationships between eight MN electrophysiological and anatomical properties, that were derived for the first time from the processing of an extensive set of mammal studies. The new extrapolated set of discharging MN proved to both accurately replicate the HDEMG data and accurately approximate the neural command to muscle. The reconstructed MN spike trains were input to a state-of-the-art neuromuscular model to control its collection of Hill-type MUs. In doing so, this MN-driven model intrinsically accounted for the dynamics of MU recruitment and forward simulations of human voluntary muscle contraction were performed. The model was scaled with subject-specific musculoskeletal quantities and the predicted muscle force, obtained with advanced models of the MU neuromechanical properties, was experimentally validated. By bridging the gap between recently available experimental data at the MN level and Hill-type neuromuscular modelling, this thesis provides a state-of-the-art tool for investigating neuromuscular control during human voluntary contractions, with possible important applications in neurorehabilitation and human-machine interfacing.
Spectroscopic Confirmation of Three z-Dropout Galaxies at z = 6.844 - 7.213: Demographics of Lyman-Alpha Emission in z ~ 7 Galaxies
Creators: name: Ono, Yoshiaki
name: Ouchi, Masami
name: Mobasher, Bahram
name: Dickinson, Mark
name: Penner, Kyle
name: Shimasaku, Kazuhiro
name: Weiner, Benjamin J.
name: Kartaltepe, Jeyhan S.
name: Nakajima, Kimihiko
name: Nayyeri, Hooshang
name: Stern, Daniel
name: Kashikawa, Nobunari
name: Spinrad, Hyron
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of our ultra-deep Keck/DEIMOS spectroscopy of z-dropout galaxies in the SDF and GOODS-N. For 3 out of 11 objects, we detect an emission line at ~ 1um with a signal-to-noise ratio of ~ 10. The lines show asymmetric profiles with high weighted skewness values, consistent with being Lya, yielding redshifts of z=7.213, 6.965, and 6.844. Specifically, we confirm the z=7.213 object in two independent DEIMOS runs with different spectroscopic configurations. The z=6.965 object is a known Lya emitter, IOK-1, for which our improved spectrum at a higher resolution yields a robust skewness measurement. The three z-dropouts have Lya fluxes of 3 x 10^-17 erg s^-1 cm^-2 and rest-frame equivalent widths EW_0^Lya = 33-43A. Based on the largest spectroscopic sample of 43 z-dropouts that is the combination of our and previous data, we find that the fraction of Lya-emitting galaxies (EW_0^Lya > 25A) is low at z ~ 7; 17 +- 10% and 24 +- 12% for bright (Muv ~= -21) and faint (Muv ~= -19.5) galaxies, respectively. The fractions of Lya-emitting galaxies drop from z ~ 6 to 7 and the amplitude of the drop is larger for faint galaxies than for bright galaxies. These two pieces of evidence would indicate that the neutral hydrogen fraction of the IGM increases from z ~ 6 to 7, and that the reionization proceeds from high- to low-density environments, as suggested by an inside-out reionization model.
description: 15 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Exploiting Local Logic Structures to Optimize Multi-Core SoC Floorplanning
Creators: name: Li, Cheng-Hong
name: Sonalka, Sampada
name: Carloni, Luca
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2009
Subjects: Computer science

description: We present a throughput-driven partitioning and a throughput-preserving merging algorithm for the high-level physical synthesis of latency-insensitive (LI) systems. These two algorithms are integrated along with a published floorplanner in a new iterative physical synthesis flow to optimize system throughput and reduce area occupation. The synthesis flow iterates a floorplanning-partitioning-floorplanning-merging sequence of operations to improve the system topology and the physical locations of cores. The partitioning algorithm performs bottom-up clustering of the internal logic of a given IP core to divide it into smaller ones, each of which has no combinational path from input to output and thus is legal for LI-interface encapsulation. Applying this algorithm to cores on critical feedback loops optimizes their length and in turn enables throughput optimization via the subsequent floorplanning. The merging algorithm reduces the number of cores on non-critical loops, lowering the overall area taken by LI interfaces without hurting the system throughput. Experimental results on a large system-on-chip design show a 16.7% speedup in system throughput and a 2.1% reduction in area occupation.
title: Studie zum Customer Recovery Management von Dienstleistern
title: Ergebnisbericht
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Seja, Christa
Publisher: name: Hochschule Hannover
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 330 Wirtschaft

description: Seit einiger Zeit lässt sich eine Neuorientierung im Marketing beobachten: Lag früher der Fokus auf den umsatz- und wachstumsorientierten Strategien der Neukunden-Akquisition, so bilden heute die Themen des Kundenbindungs- und des Relationship-Managements die Schwerpunkte einer kundenorientierten Unternehmensführung.
Verstärkten Bemühungen und steigenden Investitionen der Unternehmen im „Bindungswettbewerb“ stehen jedoch auf Seiten der Nachfrager immer öfter sinkende Loyalitätsraten gegenüber. Selbst ein hoher Grad an Kundenzufriedenheit vermag die Abwanderung von Kunden häufig nicht aufzuhalten.
In Theorie und Praxis blieb das Thema der Wiedergewinnung ehemaliger Kunden bisher weitgehend vernachlässigt und empirische Daten liegen nur vereinzelt vor. An der FH Hannover wurde deshalb 1999 eine nicht auftragsgebundene, von der Hochschule selbst initiierte, empirische Erhebung über die Rückgewinnung abgewanderter Kunden durchgeführt. Diese Studie zum Customer Recovery Management konzentriert sich auf die Dienstleistungsbranche und gliedert sich in drei Stufen: eine Vor-, eine Haupt- und eine Nebenstudie.
description: Arbeitspapier / Hochschule Hannover, Fakultät IV, 45
Semantics of Akan bi and nʊ
Creators: name: Arkoh, Ruby Becky
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: This thesis investigates two post-nominal morphemes, bi and nʊ, in Akan (a Kwa language spoken mainly in Ghana). I analyze bi as an indefinite marker and nʊ as a definite marker. Bi occurs in different environments; the main two environments are the pronominal environment and the determiner environment where it follows the noun within a DP. These environments correlate with certain tonal variations. I argue that in the pronominal use, bi is a specific indefinite pronoun and is toneless. Its specificity status is achieved through a weak anaphoric relationship it shares with a previously-mentioned noun in the discourse or a deictic element. In its determiner use, bi is a specific indefinite which is interpreted via a choice function. It bears a high tone. The Akan morpheme nʊ is used for different functions. It is used as a third person singular pronoun, as a definite article, as a distal demonstrative marker and as a clausal marker. These uses correlate with some tonal alternations. I argue that when the morpheme is used as a pronoun, it is toneless; however when it is used as a determiner or a clause marker it is marked with a high tone. I also argue that the morpheme in all its different functions encodes one semantic value which is familiarity. I take familiarity to entail both hearer old and discourse old along the lines of Prince (1988).
Predictable stock returns in the United States and Japan: A study of long-term capital market integration
Creators: name: Hamao, Yasushi
name: Campbell, John Y.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1991
Subjects: Economics
Commerce

description: This paper uses the predictability of monthly excess returns on U.S. and Japanese equity portfolios over the U.S. Treasury bill rate to study the integration of long-term capital markets in these two countries. During the period 1971-1990 similar variables, including the dividend-price ratio and interest rate variables, help to forecast excess returns in each country. In addition, in the 1980's U.S. variables help to forecast excess Japanese stock returns. There is some evidence of common movement in expected excess returns across the two countries, which is suggestive of integration of long-term capital markets.
Circular RNA ITCH suppresses metastasis of gastric cancer via regulating miR-199a-5p/Klotho axis
Creators: name: Wang, Yan
name: Wang, Huiting
name: Zheng, Ruiqi
name: Wu, Peipei
name: Sun, Zixuan
name: Chen, Jingyan
name: Zhang, Leilei
name: Zhang, Chenxiao
name: Qian, Hui
name: Jiang, Jiajia
name: Xu, Wenrong
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are considered as a new regulatory factor in growth, metastasis and therapeutic resistance of human cancers. But the clinical significance and underlying mechanism of circular RNA ITCH (circ-ITCH) in gastric cancer (GC) remain unknown. In the present study, we found that circ-ITCH was down-regulated in GC cell lines, GC tissues and their serum-derived exosomes. The level of circ-ITCH was related to invasion depth. Functional assays showed that circ-ITCH overexpression inhibited the proliferation, migration, invasion and epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) of GC cells, whereas circ-ITCH knockdown appeared an opposite effect. Bioinformatic analysis and luciferase reporter assay confirmed that circ-ITCH acted as miR-199a-5p sponge and increased the level of Klotho. The expression level of miR-199-5p was up-regulated in GC tissues and negatively correlated with that of circ-ITCH. MiR-199a-5p mimics reversed the effects on inhibiting metastasis induced by circ-ITCH overexpression and decreased the level of Klotho in GC cells. Our findings indicate that circ-ITCH suppresses metastasis of GC by acting as the sponge of miR-199a-5p and increasing Klotho expression, which serves as a potential biomarker and targets for the diagnosis and therapy of GC. Abbreviations: CircRNAs: circular RNAs; GC: gastric cancer; circ-ITCH: circular RNA Itchy E3 ubiquitin protein ligase; ceRNA: competitive endogenous RNA; EMT: Epithelial–mesenchymal transition; siRNA: Small interfering RNA; TEM: transmission electron microscope; NTA: nanoparticle tracking analysis.
Automatic System Testing of Programs without Test Oracles
Creators: name: Murphy, Christian
name: Shen, Kuang
name: Kaiser, Gail E.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2009
Subjects: Computer science

description: Metamorphic testing has been shown to be a simple yet effective technique in addressing the quality assurance of applications that do not have test oracles, i.e., for which it is difficult or impossible to know what the correct output should be for arbitrary input. In metamorphic testing, existing test case input is modified to produce new test cases in such a manner that, when given the new input, the application should produce an output that can be easily be computed based on the original output. That is, if input x produces output f (x), then we create input x' such that we can predict f (x') based on f(x); if the application does not produce the expected output, then a defect must exist, and either f (x) or f (x') (or both) is wrong. In practice, however, metamorphic testing can be a manually intensive technique for all but the simplest cases. The transformation of input data can be laborious for large data sets, or practically impossible for input that is not in human-readable format. Similarly, comparing the outputs can be error-prone for large result sets, especially when slight variations in the results are not actually indicative of errors (i.e., are false positives), for instance when there is non-determinism in the application and multiple outputs can be considered correct. In this paper, we present an approach called Automated Metamorphic System Testing. This involves the automation of metamorphic testing at the system level by checking that the metamorphic properties of the entire application hold after its execution. The tester is able to easily set up and conduct metamorphic tests with little manual intervention, and testing can continue in the field with minimal impact on the user. Additionally, we present an approach called Heuristic Metamorphic Testing which seeks to reduce false positives and address some cases of non-determinism. We also describe an implementation framework called Amsterdam, and present the results of empirical studies in which we demonstrate the effectiveness of the technique on real-world programs without test oracles.
In Search of Lost Memories: Domestic Spheres and Identities in Roman Amheida, Egypt
Creators: name: Boozer, Anna
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2005
Subjects: Ethnology

description: Memory and heritage are critical components for identity formation. Within the context of empire, the display of heritage represents and transforms connections between individuals and their relationship to society. This essay examines a Roman Period Egyptian house as emblematic of the complex post-conquest conditions that intertwined memory, identity, and empire. This paper explores the integrative phase of empire, a process that continues long after the dramatic acts of conquest and submission have ended. Boozer explore this process on a microscale in order to understand local negotiations, responses, and influences. Specifically, she focuses on domestic contexts from the Roman city of Amheida (ancient Trimithis) in the Dakhleh Oasis. Amheida has a long occupational history, but it was under Roman rule that it reached its greatest extent (1st C AD–4th C AD). This historical trajectory offers a detailed example of a locality that developed during a period of social, religious, economic, and political change.
Microscopic approach to the bcc phase of solid 4He
Creators: name: Rota, Riccardo
name: Boronat, Jordi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The coexistence between the hcp and bcc phases of solid 4He at fixed pressure, and at three different temperatures, is studied by means of the path integral Monte Carlo method. Microscopic results for the main energetic and structure properties of the two phases are reported. The differences between hcp and bcc 4He are shown to be small with the obvious exception of the static structure factor. When crossing the phase transition line, the most significant changes are observed in the kinetic energy per particle and in the Lindemann ratio, both pointing to a less correlated quantum solid in the bcc side. No off-diagonal long-range order is observed in the the hcp and bcc perfect lattices.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in "Molecular Physics"
title: ISO 20000: Mit Zertifikat beachtliche Verbesserungen umgesetzt
Creators: name: Disterer, Georg
Publisher: name: Hochschule Hannover
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 650 Management

description: Unternehmen, die ihre IT-Services nach ISO 20000 zertifiziert haben, berichten von signifikanten internen Verbesserungen. Eine Studie der Hochschule Hannover zeigt, dass auch Unternehmen in Österreich mehr als zufrieden sind.
description: Arbeitspapier / Hochschule Hannover, Fakultät IV, 09/2011
title: Ansätze zum Wissensmanagement bei Anwälten durch Klassifikation juristischen Wissens
Creators: name: Disterer, Georg
Publisher: name: Hochschule Hannover
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 020 Bibliotheks- und Informationswissenschaft

description: Wissensmanagement (knowledge management) ist ein aktuelles Thema in Theorie und Praxis vieler verschiedener Fachgebiete. Sowohl Wirtschaftsinformatik, Organisationslehre, Kommunikationswissenschaften als auch Soziologie und Erkenntnistheorie setzen sich mit Fragen auseinander, die sich mit dem Verständnis von Wissensprozessen und mit der Handhabung von Wissen beschäftigen. Viele Branchen und Wirtschaftsbereiche werden dabei aufgegriffen, so wird beispielsweise die Handhabung von Wissen in multinationalen, verteilten Unternehmen und Allianzen, die Kreation und Weitergabe von Wissen in Innovationsprozessen und nicht zuletzt die Handhabung von Wissen in Beratungsunternehmen wie Steuerkanzleien, Unternehmensberatungen und auch Anwaltsbüros diskutiert. Mit Wissen sollte in Unternehmen nicht beiläufig und zufällig umgegangen werden, sondern bewusst, zielgerichtet, systematisch und methodisch. Dies gilt besonders für Anwälte, deren Beruf und Berufsausübung durch mehrere aktuelle Entwicklungen geprägt sind. Der Umgang mit dem Wissen der Mitarbeiter und der Kanzlei gewinnt durch einige Entwicklungen unmittelbar Bedeutung.
description: Arbeitspapier / Hochschule Hannover, Fakultät IV, 71