cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Does social capital help communities to cope with long-distance commuting?
Creators: name: Nicholas, Christopher
name: Welters, Riccardo
name: Murphy, Laurie
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Long-distance commuting (LDC) is a common occurrence in rural/remote regions. The literature shows that the impacts of LDC on residents in host regions can be diverse. To understand this diversity, this paper explores the potential mediating role of social capital between LDC impacts in a host region and the well-being of its residents. Using detailed information on residents’ social capital in a remote region, this paper confirms the negative relationship between LDC impacts and resident well-being, but it finds no evidence of social capital’s mediating role. It is hypothesized that lack of access to appropriate linking social capital may explain the findings.
ATCA and Spitzer Observations of the Binary Protostellar Systems CG30 and BHR71
Creators: name: Chen, Xuepeng
name: Launhardt, Ralf
name: Bourke, Tyler L.
name: Henning, Thomas
name: Barnes, Peter J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present interferometric observations with resolution of ~3 arcsecs of the isolated, low-mass protostellar double cores CG30 and BHR71 in the N2$H+(1-0) line and at 3mm dust continuum, using the Australian Telescope Compact Array (ATCA). The results are complemented by infrared data from the Spitzer Space Telescope. In CG30, the 3mm dust continuum images resolve two compact sources with a separation of ~21.7 arcsecs (~8700 AU). In BHR71, strong dust continuum emission is detected at the position of the mid-infrared source IRS1, while only weak emission is detected from the secondary mid-infrared source IRS2. Assuming optically thin 3mm dust continuum emission, we derive hydrogen gas masses of 0.05--2.1 $M_\odot$ for the four sub-cores. N2H+(1-0) line emission is detected in both CG30 and BHR71, and is spatially associated with the thermal dust continuum emission. We derive the velocity fields and find symmetric velocity gradients in both sources. Assuming that these gradients are due to core rotation, we estimate the specific angular momenta and ratios of rotational energy to gravitational energy for all cores. We also find that the N2H+ emission is strongly affected by the outflows, both in terms of entrainment and molecule destruction. $Spitzer$ images show the mid-infrared emission from all four sub-cores. All four sources appear to drive their own outflows. Based on the ATCA and $Spitzer$ observations, we construct spectral energy distributions (SEDs) and derive temperatures and luminosities for all cores. Based on the morphology and velocity structure, we suggest that the sub-cores in CG30 were formed by initial fragmentation of a filamentary prestellar core, while those in BHR71 could originate from rotational fragmentation of a single collapsing protostellar core.
description: 31 pages, 10 figures, to be published by ApJ in Sep. 2008
Spatially Resolved X-ray Study of Supernova Remnant G306.3$-$0.9 with Unusually High Calcium Abundance
Creators: name: Weng, Jianbin
name: Zhou, Ping
name: Chen, Yang
name: Leung, Shing-Chi
name: Toonen, Silvia
name: Perets, Hagai B.
name: Nomoto, Ken'ichi
name: Zenati, Yossef
name: Vink, Jacco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: G306.3$-$0.9 is an asymmetric Galactic supernova remnant (SNR), whose progenitor has been thought to be a Type Ia supernova (SN), but its high Ca abundance appears inconsistent with the Type Ia origin. Hoping to uncover the reason for its asymmetry and the origin of this SNR, we performed a spatially resolved X-ray spectroscopic analysis of XMM-Newton and Chandra observation data. We divided the SNR into 13 regions and analyzed the spectra using two-temperature models (0.2 keV + 1 keV). Compared to the southwestern regions, the northeastern regions have higher metal abundances and a lower gas density. This suggests that the asymmetric morphology results from the non-uniform ambient environment. We found that neither Type Ia nor core-collapse SN models can account for the abnormally high abundance ratios of Ar/Si, Ca/Si, or the shape of the abundance curve. A comparison with the Ca-rich transient models shows that G306.3$-$0.9 is likely to be the first identified Galactic "Ca-rich transient" remnant, although the theoretical production of element S is lower. We also note that the conclusion for the SNR's origin relies on the measured abundance ratios and existing nucleosynthesis models. Between two groups of Ca-rich transient explosion models, we prefer the He shell detonation for an accreting WD, rather than the merger of a white dwarf and a neutron star.
description: 21 pages, 10 figures. Accepted to ApJ
Local council members’ view on intermunicipal cooperation: does office-related self-interest matter?
Creators: name: Bergholz, Christian
name: Bischoff, Ivo
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: This paper analyzes data from a survey among local council members in 59 German municipalities. It asks them whether or not their home municipality should cooperate with neighbouring municipalities in the provision of public services such as childcare or road maintenance. Their answers are clearly driven by office-related self-interest. Delegates who have more political power and thus have more to lose if their home municipality cooperates are more likely to oppose intermunicipal cooperation. This interpretation receives further backing by the fact that delegates’ support for intermunicipal cooperation increases with the population size of their home municipality but decreases with the size of its neighbours.
Constraints on General Relativity Geodesics by a Covariant Geometric Uncertainty Principle
Creators: name: Escors, David
name: Kochan, Grazyna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The classical uncertainty principle inequalities were imposed over the general relativity geodesic equation as a mathematical constraint. In this way, the uncertainty principle was reformulated in terms of proper space-time length element, Planck length and a geodesic-derived scalar, leading to a geometric expression for the uncertainty principle (GeUP). This reformulation confirmed the need for a minimum length of space-time line element in the geodesic, which depended on a Lorentz-covariant geodesic-derived scalar. In agreement with quantum gravity theories, GeUP imposed a perturbation over the background Minkowski metric unrelated to classical gravity. When applied to the Schwarzschild metric, a geodesic exclusion zone was found around the singularity where uncertainty in space-time diverged to infinity.
description: The link to the published paper is: https://www.mdpi.com/2624-8174/3/3/49/htm
Measurements of jet quenching with semi-inclusive hadron+jet distributions in Au+Au collisions at sNN =200 GeV
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Quark gluon plasma
Jet physics
Heavy Ions

description: © 2017 American Physical Society. The STAR Collaboration reports the measurement of semi-inclusive distributions of charged-particle jets recoiling from a high transverse momentum hadron trigger, in central and peripheral Au+Au collisions at sNN=200 GeV. Charged jets are reconstructed with the anti-kT algorithm for jet radii R between 0.2 and 0.5 and with low infrared cutoff of track constituents (pT>0.2 GeV/c). A novel mixed-event technique is used to correct the large uncorrelated background present in heavy ion collisions. Corrected recoil jet distributions are reported at midrapidity, for charged-jet transverse momentum pT,jetch<30 GeV/c. Comparison is made to similar measurements for Pb+Pb collisions at s=2.76 TeV, to calculations for p+p collisions at s=200 GeV based on the pythia Monte Carlo generator and on a next-to-leading order perturbative QCD approach, and to theoretical calculations incorporating jet quenching. The recoil jet yield is suppressed in central relative to peripheral collisions, with the magnitude of the suppression corresponding to medium-induced charged energy transport out of the jet cone of 2.8±0.2(stat)±1.5(sys) GeV/c, for 10
Output Stream of Binding Neuron with Feedback
Creators: name: Vidybida, Alexander K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: Other Quantitative Biology (q-bio.OT)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The binding neuron model is inspired by numerical simulation of Hodgkin-Huxley-type point neuron, as well as by the leaky integrate-and-fire model. In the binding neuron, the trace of an input is remembered for a fixed period of time after which it disappears completely. This is in the contrast with the above two models, where the postsynaptic potentials decay exponentially and can be forgotten only after triggering. The finiteness of memory in the binding neuron allows one to construct fast recurrent networks for computer modeling. Recently, the finiteness is utilized for exact mathematical description of the output stochastic process if the binding neuron is driven with the Poissonian input stream. In this paper, the simplest networking is considered for binding neuron. Namely, it is expected that every output spike of single neuron is immediately fed into its input. For this construction, externally fed with Poissonian stream, the output stream is characterized in terms of interspike interval probability density distribution if the binding neuron has threshold 2. For higher thresholds, the distribution is calculated numerically. The distributions are compared with those found for binding neuron without feedback, and for leaky integrator. Sample distributions for leaky integrator with feedback are calculated numerically as well. It is oncluded that even the simplest networking can radically alter spikng statistics. Information condensation at the level of single neuron is discussed.
description: Version #1: 4 pages, 5 figures, manuscript submitted to Biological Cybernetics. Version #2 (this version): added 3 pages of new text with additional analytical and numerical calculations, 2 more figures, 11 more references, added Discussion section
Misalignment of productivity and wages across regions: evidence from Belgium
Creators: name: Kampelmann, Stephan
name: Rycx, François
name: Saks, Yves
name: Tojerow, Ilan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: This paper is one of the first to estimate how regions affect the productivity, wage cost and cost competitiveness (i.e., the productivity–wage gap) of firms. Detailed linked employer–employee panel data for Belgium and the Hellerstein–Neumark framework are used to estimate dynamic models at the establishment level. The findings show that interregional differences in productivity and wages are significant, but to a large extent due to drivers at the individual and/or firm level. The research provides evidence that the specificity of the Brussels region can be linked to its higher density compared with the rest of Belgium. Robustness tests suggest that the relatively better ceteris paribus performance of firms in Brussels is limited to the service sector.
Fermi surface topology and hot spot distribution in the Kondo lattice system CeB 6
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2015
Subjects: cond-mat.str-el

description: © 2015 American Physical Society. Rare-earth hexaborides have attracted considerable attention recently in connection to a variety of correlated phenomena including heavy fermions, superconductivity, and low-temperature magnetic phases. Here, we present high-resolution angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy studies of trivalent CeB6 and divalent BaB6 rare-earth hexaborides. We find that the Fermi surface electronic structure of CeB6 consists of large oval-shaped pockets around the X points of the Brillouin zone, whereas the states around the zone center Γ point are strongly renormalized. Our first-principles calculations agree with our experimental results around the X points but not around the Γ point, indicating areas of strong renormalization located near Γ. The Ce quasiparticle states participate in the formation of hot spots at the Fermi surface, whereas the incoherent f states hybridize and lead to the emergence of dispersive features absent in the non-f counterpart BaB6. Our results provide an understanding of the electronic structure in rare-earth hexaborides, which will be useful in elucidating the nature of the exotic low-temperature phases in these materials.
On the Casimir energy for a massive quantum scalar field and the Cosmological constant
Creators: name: Gazzola, G.
name: Nemes, M. C.
name: Wreszinski, W. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a rigorous, regularization independent local quantum field theoretic treatment of the Casimir effect for a quantum scalar field of mass $μ\ne0$ which yields closed form expressions for the energy density and pressure. As an application we show that there exist special states of the quantum field at fixed cosmic time, in which the expectation value of the renormalized energy-momentum tensor is independent of the space coordinate and is of the perfect fluid form $g_{μ,ν}ρ_{vac}$ with $ρ_{vac}>0$, thus providing a quantum field theoretic foundation of the Cosmological constant. Using some values of $μ$ suggested in the literature for the hypothetical axion particle, there results a model for dark energy which is consistent with past and future evolution and is also in good agreement with experimental data.
description: 15 pages, 2 figures, conceptually improved version, to appear in Ann. Phys
Spin-precession vortex and spin-precession supercurrent stability in $^3$He-B
Creators: name: Sonin, E. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Letter analyzes stability of spin precession currents in superfluid $^3$He-B when the precession angle is very close to 104$^\circ$. In this limit a spin-precession vortex has a very large core, and a barrier blocking motion of these large-core vortices across the current streamlines (phase slip) disappears at precession-phase gradients much smaller than critical gradients estimated from the Landau criterion. Nevertheless, spin precession currents remain stable up to the Landau critical gradients, since in this case there is a barrier, which blocks the phase slip at very early stage of vortex-core nucleation. The Letter also predicts a second-order phase transition between a parity-symmetric and parity-nonsymmetric spin-precession vortex cores at the precession angle 126.5$^\circ$.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure, the version accepted for publication in JETP Lett
The effects of commuter rail establishment on commuting and deconcentration
Creators: name: Ganning, Joanna
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Historians and others have chronicled the role of highway construction in population deconcentration in the United States, but little is known about whether commuter rail produces similar outcomes. This paper studies the role of commuter rail stations in population deconcentration, modelled through the relationship between in-migration and out-commuting from census tracts. It finds that increased migration in station areas suppresses population deconcentration, seemingly enabling node-based development. However, this effect does not hold across all stations. Preliminary evidence suggests that commercial development in station areas facilitates migrants working locally, decreasing deconcentration – and possibly helping regions work toward sustainability goals.
Four-pomeron vertex
Creators: name: Braun, M. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The four-pomeron vertex is studied in the perturbative QCD. Its dominating terms of the leading (zeroth and first) orders in the coupling constant and subdominant in the number of colors are constructed. The vertex consists of two terms, one with a derivative in rapidity $\pd_y$ and the other with the BFKL interaction between pomerons. The corresponding part of the action and equations of motion are found. The iterative solution of the latter is possible only for rapidities smaller than 2 and quite large coupling constant $α_s$, of the order or greater than unity, when the quadruple pomeron interaction is relatively small. Also iteration of the part with $\pd_y$ is unstable in the infrared region and compels to introduce an infrared cut. The variational approach with simple trying functions allows to find the minimum of the action at $α_s$ of the order 0.2 and rapidities up to 25. Numerical estimates for O-O collisions show that actually the influence of the quadruple pomeron interaction turns out to be rather small.
description: 27 pages, 10 figures
Investment and the banking system: a Kaleckian approach for regions in Brazil
Creators: name: Cavalcante, Anderson
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: This paper analyzes the effects of the regional distribution of the banking system on investment rates in Brazil. The investigation relies on a perspective whereby the role of external funds in inducing firms’ investment is determined by the disparate regional distribution of the banking system. Empirical results from a panel-data multilevel model indicate that the regional concentration and centralization of the banking system are relevant for firms’ investment choices. More importantly, the fitness of the multilevel model indicates the need to consider that investment rates vary according to a regional hierarchical banking structure (centre versus periphery).
New Measurement of Antineutrino Oscillation with the Full Detector Configuration at Daya Bay
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2015
Subjects: Daya Bay Collaboration

description: © 2015 American Physical Society. We report a new measurement of electron antineutrino disappearance using the fully constructed Daya Bay Reactor Neutrino Experiment. The final two of eight antineutrino detectors were installed in the summer of 2012. Including the 404 days of data collected from October 2012 to November 2013 resulted in a total exposure of 6.9×105 GWthtondays, a 3.6 times increase over our previous results. Improvements in energy calibration limited variations between detectors to 0.2%. Removal of six Am241-C13 radioactive calibration sources reduced the background by a factor of 2 for the detectors in the experimental hall furthest from the reactors. Direct prediction of the antineutrino signal in the far detectors based on the measurements in the near detectors explicitly minimized the dependence of the measurement on models of reactor antineutrino emission. The uncertainties in our estimates of sin22θ13 and |Δmee2| were halved as a result of these improvements. An analysis of the relative antineutrino rates and energy spectra between detectors gave sin22θ13=0.084±0.005 and |Δmee2|=(2.42±0.11)×10-3eV2 in the three-neutrino framework.
Study of radial motion phase advance during motion excitations in a Penning trap and accuracy of JYFLTRAP mass spectrometer
Creators: name: Nesterenko, D. A.
name: Eronen, T.
name: Ge, Z.
name: Kankainen, A.
name: Vilen, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Phase-imaging ion-cyclotron-resonance technique has been implemented at the Penning-trap mass spectrometer JYFLTRAP and is routinely employed for mass measurements of stable and short-lived nuclides produced at IGISOL facility. Systematic uncertainties that impose limitations on the accuracy of measurements are discussed. It was found out that the phase evolution of the radial motion of ions in a Penning trap during the application of radio-frequency fields leads to a systematic cyclotron frequency shift when more than one ion species is present in the trap during the cyclotron frequency measurement. An analytic expression was derived to correctly account for the shift. Cross-reference mass measurements with carbon-cluster ions have been performed providing the mass-dependent and residual uncertainties.
description: 18 pages, 14 figures
Precision Measurement of the Longitudinal Double-Spin Asymmetry for Inclusive Jet Production in Polarized Proton Collisions at s =200GeV
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2015
Subjects: STAR Collaboration

description: © 2015 American Physical Society. © 2015 American Physical Society. We report a new measurement of the midrapidity inclusive jet longitudinal double-spin asymmetry, ALL, in polarized pp collisions at center-of-mass energy s=200GeV. The STAR data place stringent constraints on polarized parton distribution functions extracted at next-to-leading order from global analyses of inclusive deep-inelastic scattering (DIS), semi-inclusive DIS, and RHIC pp data. The measured asymmetries provide evidence at the 3σ level for positive gluon polarization in the Bjorken-x region x>0.05.
Measurements of dielectron production in Au + Au collisions at sNN =200 GeV from the STAR experiment
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2015
Subjects: hep-ex
nucl-ex

description: © 2015 American Physical Society. ©2015 American Physical Society. We report on measurements of dielectron (e+e-) production in Au+Au collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 200 GeV per nucleon-nucleon pair using the STAR detector at BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. Systematic measurements of the dielectron yield as a function of transverse momentum (pT) and collision centrality show an enhancement compared to a cocktail simulation of hadronic sources in the low invariant-mass region (Mee<1GeV/c2). This enhancement cannot be reproduced by the ρ-meson vacuum spectral function. In minimum-bias collisions, in the invariant-mass range of 0.30-0.76GeV/c2, integrated over the full pT acceptance, the enhancement factor is 1.76±0.06(stat.)±0.26(sys.)±0.29(cocktail). The enhancement factor exhibits weak centrality and pT dependence in STAR's accessible kinematic regions, while the excess yield in this invariant-mass region as a function of the number of participating nucleons follows a power-law shape with a power of 1.44±0.10. Models that assume an in-medium broadening of the ρ-meson spectral function consistently describe the observed excess in these measurements. Additionally, we report on measurements of ω- and φ-meson production through their e+e- decay channel. These measurements show good agreement with Tsallis blast-wave model predictions, as well as, in the case of the φ meson, results through its K+K- decay channel. In the intermediate invariant-mass region (1.1
Cavity solitons in bidirectional lasers
Creators: name: Perez-Arjona, Isabel
name: Sanchez-Morcillo, Victor J.
name: Roldan, Eugenio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show theoretically that a broad area bidirectional laser with slightly different cavity losses for the two counterpropagating fields sustains cavity solitons (CSs). These structures are complementary, i.e., there is a bright (dark) CS in the field with more (less) losses. Interestingly, the CSs can be written/erased by injecting suitable pulses in any of the two counterpropagating fields.
description: 4 figures
Danaë, Perseus and Spina’s Etruscans
Creators: name: Cesarano, Mario
Publisher: name: La Rivista di Engramma
Year: 2020
Subjects: Danae
Spina
Attic pottery
Athens gymnasium

description: Between the fifth and fourth centuries BC the Etruscan city of Spina, founded at the mouth of the Po on the Adriatic, weaves such a close relationship with the Greek people that it established a thesauros in Delphi and became a privileged partner of Athens. Ancient literary sources remember it as polis hellenis. Its cemeteries have been officially excavated since 1922. Several thousand burials have been discovered. In many of them there are vases with Attic red-figured pottery. The present work aims to understand if the Etruscans of Spina are able to understand the iconographic lexicon used by Athenian potters and if they assign it the same semantic value. In particular, the work focuses on an Attic red-figured kylyx from tomb 503 in Valle Trebbra, depicting the mythical episode of Danaë abandoned with her son Perseus in a chest on the sea by the will of her father Acrisio, king of Argon. The study of the other vases with the same scene shows that the myth of Danaë and Perseus was widespread in the Italian peninsula where it could be a reference to the idea that no man can escape his fate.
Incomplete protection of the surface Weyl cones of the Kondo insulator SmB6: Spin exciton scattering
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2015
Subjects: cond-mat.str-el

description: © 2015 American Physical Society. The compound SmB6 is a Kondo insulator, where the lowest-energy bulk electronic excitations are spin-excitons. It also has surface states that are subjected to strong spin-orbit coupling. It has been suggested that SmB6 is also a topological insulator. Here we show that, despite the absence of time-reversal symmetry breaking and the presence of strong spin-orbit coupling, the chiral spin texture of the Weyl cone is not completely protected. In particular, we show that the spin-exciton-mediated scattering produces features in the surface electronic spectrum at energies separated from the surface Fermi energy by the spin-exciton energy. Despite the features being far removed from the surface Fermi energy, they are extremely temperature dependent. The temperature variation occurs over a characteristic scale determined by the dispersion of the spin-exciton. The structures may be observed by electron spectroscopy at low temperatures.
Scaling Instability in Buckling of Axially Compressed Cylindrical Shells
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Buckling
Cylindrical shell
Instability
Second variation
Critical load imperfection sensitivity
Scaling exponents

description: © 2015, Springer Science+Business Media New York. In this paper, we continue the development of mathematically rigorous theory of “near-flip” buckling of slender bodies of arbitrary geometry, based on hyperelasticity. In order to showcase the capabilities of this theory, we apply it to buckling of axially compressed circular cylindrical shells. The theory confirms the classical formula for the buckling load, whereby the perfect structure buckles at the stress that scales as the first power of shell’s thickness. However, in the case of imperfections of load, the theory predicts scaling instability of the buckling stress. Depending on the type of load imperfections, buckling may occur at stresses that scale as thickness to the power 1.5 or 1.25, corresponding to the lower and upper ends, respectively, of the historically accumulated experimental data.
Interface solitons in two-dimensional photonic lattices
Creators: name: Molina, Mario I.
name: Kivshar, Yuri S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze localization of light at the interface separating square and hexagonal photonic lattices, as recently realized experimentally in two-dimensional laser-written waveguide arrays in silica glass with self-focusing nonlinearity [A. Szameit {\em et al.}, Opt. Lett. {\bf 33}, 663 (2008)]. We reveal the conditions for the existence of {\em linear} and {\em nonlinear} surface states substantially influenced by the lattice topology, and study the effect of the different symmetries and couplings on the stability of two-dimensional interface solitons.
description: 3 pages, 4 figures, submitted to Opt. Lett
The contributions of human capital, R&D spending and convergence to total factor productivity growth
Creators: name: Männasoo, Kadri
name: Hein, Heili
name: Ruubel, Raul
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: The study investigates the drivers of total factor productivity (TFP) growth, covering 99 European regions from 31 countries over the period 2000–13. It shows that human capital endowment had a positive effect upon TFP growth, particularly in advanced regions, but the effect from regions’ own research and development (R&D) expenditures was largely absent. The effects of human capital and R&D on TFP growth varied with the productivity gap. Further, there was a threshold effect in convergence, where stronger TFP growth was associated with both a larger productivity gap and a higher initial level of productivity. Spatial spillover effects had a positive impact upon TFP growth.
The role of complex ionized absorber in the soft X-ray spectra of Intermediate Polars
Creators: name: Islam, Nazma
name: Mukai, Koji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In magnetic Cataclysmic Variables (mCVs), X-ray radiation originates from the shock heated multi-temperature plasma in the post-shock region near the white dwarf surface. These X-rays are modified by a complex distribution of absorbers in the pre-shock region. The presence of photo-ionized lines and warm absorber features in the soft X-ray spectra of these mCVs suggests that these absorbers are ionized. We developed the ionized complex absorber model zxipab, which is represented by a power-law distribution of ionized absorbers in the pre-shock flow. Using the ionized absorber model zxipab along with a cooling flow model and a reflection component, we model the broadband Chandra/HETG and NuSTAR spectra of two IPs: NY Lup and V1223 Sgr. We find that this model describes well many of the H and He like emission lines from medium Z elements, which arises from the collisionally excited plasma. However the model fails to account for some of the He like triplets from medium Z elements, which points towards its photo-ionization origin. We do not find a compelling evidence for a blackbody component to model the soft excess seen in the residuals of the Chandra/HETG spectra, which could be due to the uncertainties in estimation of the interstellar absorption of these sources using Chandra/HETG data and/or excess fluxes seen in some photo-ionized emission lines which are not accounted by the cooling flow model. We describe the implications of this model with respect to the geometry of the pre-shock region in these two IPs.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures, 4 tables. Accepted for publication in ApJ
Renormalization of the chromomagnetic operator on the lattice
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2015
Subjects: hep-lat

description: © 2015 American Physical Society. We present our study of the renormalization of the chromomagnetic operator, OCM, which appears in the effective Hamiltonian describing ΔS=1 transitions in and beyond the Standard Model. We have computed, perturbatively to one loop, the relevant Green's functions with two (quark-quark) and three (quark-quark-gluon) external fields, at nonzero quark masses, using both the lattice and dimensional regularizations. The perturbative computation on the lattice is carried out using the maximally twisted-mass action for the fermions, while for the gluons we employed the Symanzik improved gauge action for different sets of values of the Symanzik coefficients. We have identified all the operators which can possibly mix with OCM, including lower-dimensional and nongauge invariant operators, and we have calculated those elements of the mixing matrix which are relevant for the renormalization of OCM. We have also performed numerical lattice calculations to determine nonperturbatively the mixings of the chromomagnetic operator with lower-dimensional operators, through proper renormalization conditions. For the first time, the 1/a2-divergent mixing of the chromomagnetic operator with the scalar density has been determined nonperturbatively with high precision. Moreover, the 1/a-divergent mixing with the pseudoscalar density, due to the breaking of parity within the twisted-mass regularization of QCD, has been calculated nonperturbatively and found to be smaller than its one-loop perturbative estimate. The QCD simulations have been carried out using the gauge configurations produced by the European Twisted Mass Collaboration with Nf=2+1+1 dynamical quarks, which include in the sea, besides two light mass degenerate quarks, also the strange and charm quarks with masses close to their physical values.
Letter from Kathleen Raine to Robin Skelton, Sunday, [July 09, 1955]
Creators: name: Raine, Kathleen, 1908-2003
Publisher: name: University of Victoria Libraries
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Novelists
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1039684
subject: Neoplatonism
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1035884
subject: Novelists, English
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1039718
subject: Wiccans
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1765210
subject: Periodicals--Publishing
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1058100
subject: Poets, English
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1067870
subject: Editors
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/902475
subject: English poetry--Manuscripts
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/912320
subject: Authors
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/821688
subject: Raine, Kathleen, 1908-2003
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/52672
subject: Authors, English
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/821945
subject: Book industries and trade
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/836171
subject: Skelton, Robin
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/51853
subject: Philosophy
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1060777
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: Poets
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1067778
subject: Periodical editors
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1058064
subject: Literature, Modern
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1000172
subject: Scholars
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1106878
subject: Platonists
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1066881
subject: Critics
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/883769

description: Part of a collection of correspondence from Kathleen Raine to Robin Skelton. Skelton was a British poet, academic, anthologist, and practicing Wiccan. He taught at Manchester University before emigrating to Canada in 1963, where he taught creative writing at the University of Victoria and started the literary magazine The Malahat Review. Also included are some letters to Skelton’s wife Sylvia, and his daughters. Spanning close to forty-five years, the correspondence discusses poetry, writing, and philosophy; particularly Platonism and Neoplatonism. Raine often refers to the writings of William Blake and W. B. Yeats. Many letters also mention contemporary literary figures at the time including: Herbert Read, Peter Russell, Liam Miller, and Thurairajah Tambimuttu. In this letter, Raine thanks Skelton for his comments on a chapter of her work and discusses the relationship between neoplatonism and Christianity. At the end of the letter she includes a long quote about Creation, the Spirit, and the Light of God.
Three regularization models of the Navier-Stokes equations
Creators: name: Graham, J. Pietarila
name: Holm, Darryl
name: Mininni, Pablo
name: Pouquet, Annick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We determine how the differences in the treatment of the subfilter-scale physics affect the properties of the flow for three closely related regularizations of Navier-Stokes. The consequences on the applicability of the regularizations as SGS models are also shown by examining their effects on superfilter-scale properties. Numerical solutions of the Clark-alpha model are compared to two previously employed regularizations, LANS-alpha and Leray-alpha (at Re ~ 3300, Taylor Re ~ 790) and to a DNS. We derive the Karman-Howarth equation for both the Clark-alpha and Leray-alpha models. We confirm one of two possible scalings resulting from this equation for Clark as well as its associated k^(-1) energy spectrum. At sub-filter scales, Clark-alpha possesses similar total dissipation and characteristic time to reach a statistical turbulent steady-state as Navier-Stokes, but exhibits greater intermittency. As a SGS model, Clark reproduces the energy spectrum and intermittency properties of the DNS. For the Leray model, increasing the filter width decreases the nonlinearity and the effective Re is substantially decreased. Even for the smallest value of alpha studied, Leray-alpha was inadequate as a SGS model. The LANS energy spectrum k^1, consistent with its so-called "rigid bodies," precludes a reproduction of the large-scale energy spectrum of the DNS at high Re while achieving a large reduction in resolution. However, that this same feature reduces its intermittency compared to Clark-alpha (which shares a similar Karman-Howarth equation). Clark is found to be the best approximation for reproducing the total dissipation rate and the energy spectrum at scales larger than alpha, whereas high-order intermittency properties for larger values of alpha are best reproduced by LANS-alpha.
description: 21 pages, 8 figures
Energy dependence of Kπ, pπ, and Kp fluctuations in Au + Au collisions from sNN =7.7 to 200 GeV ENERGY DEPENDENCE of Kπ, pπ, and Kp ... L. ADAMCZYK et al.
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2015
Subjects: nucl-ex

description: © 2015 American Physical Society. ©2015 American Physical Society. A search for the quantum chromodynamics (QCD) critical point was performed by the STAR experiment at the BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider, using dynamical fluctuations of unlike particle pairs. Heavy ion collisions were studied over a large range of collision energies with homogeneous acceptance and excellent particle identification, covering a significant range in the QCD phase diagram where a critical point may be located. Dynamical Kπ, pπ, and Kp fluctuations as measured by the STAR experiment in central 0-5% Au + Au collisions from center-of-mass collision energies sNN=7.7 to 200 GeV are presented. The observable νdyn was used to quantify the magnitude of the dynamical fluctuations in event-by-event measurements of the Kπ, pπ, and Kp pairs. The energy dependences of these fluctuations from central 0-5% Au + Au collisions all demonstrate a smooth evolution with collision energy.
Improved radiative corrections for (e,e'p) experiments - A novel approach to multi-photon bremsstrahlung
Creators: name: Weissbach, Florian
name: Hencken, Kai
name: Kiselev, Daniela
name: Trautmann, Dirk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Radiative processes lead to important corrections to (e,e'p) experiments. While radiative corrections can be calculated exactly in QED and to a good accuracy also including hadronic corrections, these corrections cannot be included into data analyses to arbitrary orders exactly. Nevertheless consideration of multi-photon bremsstrahlung above the low-energy cut-off is important for many (e,e'p) experiments. To date, higher-order bremsstrahlung effects concerning electron scattering experiments have been implemented approximately by employing the soft-photon approximation (SPA). In this paper we propose a novel approach to multi-photon emission which partially removes the SPA from (e,e'p) experiments. In this combined approach one hard photon is treated exactly; and additional softer bremsstrahlung photons are taken into account resorting to the soft-photon approximation. This partial removal of the soft-photon approximation is shown to be relevant for the missing-energy distribution for several kinematic settings at MAMI and TJNAF energies.
description: 10 pages, 21 figures
Chemical and biological studies of the radiosensitizer misonidazole
Creators: name: Josephy, P. David
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Misonidazole (Ro 07-0582) is a nitroheterocyclic drug which sensitizes hypoxic (oxygen-deficient) cells to the lethal action of ionising radiation. Tumours contain radioresistant hypoxic cells which may limit the usefulness of radiotherapy as a modality of cancer treatment. The use of misonidazole as an adjunct to radiotherapy may improve the local control of such tumours, and clinical trials are in progress. Misonidazole is selectively toxic to hypoxic cells, even in the absence of radiation. This effect may be related to the clinical toxicity of the drug, which limits the dose of misonidazole which may be delivered safely, and, thus, limits the effectiveness of the radiosensitizer. The selective toxicity of misonidazole is believed to be related to its metabolism in hypoxic cells. Reduction of nitroaromatic compounds, such as nitrobenzene, is inhibited by oxygen; thus, reductive activation of misonidazole to a toxic species may explain the selective action of the drug against hypoxic cells. We have studied the reductive chemistry of misonidazole, and its metabolism, using a variety of chemical and in vitro biological techniques. Ascorbic acid (vitamin C) enhances the toxicity of misonidazole to hypoxic Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. This marked enhancement appears to be caused by accelerated drug metabolism in the presence of ascorbate. Chemical reduction of misonidazole by zinc dust yields a mixture of azo-misonidazole and azoxy-misonidazole. These compounds were separated by preparative reversed-phase liquid chromatography, char- acterized chemically, and tested for in vitro biological activity. Azo-misonidazole is almost non-toxic, but azoxy-misonidazole is more toxic than misonidazole itself. Misonidazole was reduced by the xanthine/xanthine oxidase (XO) system, under hypoxia. This enzymatic reduction yielded a single major product, which appears to be hydroxylamino-misonidazole. The same enzyme system also reduces azo- and azoxy-misonidazole. The metabolic transformation of ¹⁴C-misonidazole was studied, using dense suspensions of CHO cells in hypoxia. Misonidazole is converted into several polar products, and binding to acid-insoluble material (presumably macromolecules) was observed. The organic-soluble metabolite fraction contains a compound with identical chromatographic properties to the xanthine/XO product, believed to be hydroxylamino-misonidazole. The significance of these results is discussed in the context of the clinical potential of misonidazole and related drugs as radiosensitizers. The possibility of exploiting hypoxic cytotoxicity as a selective chemotherapy for hypoxic tumour cells is considered.
(An)isotropy of the Hubble diagram: comparing hemispheres
Creators: name: Schwarz, Dominik J.
name: Weinhorst, Bastian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We test the isotropy of the Hubble diagram. At small redshifts, this is possible without assumptions on the cosmic inventory and provides a fundamental test of the cosmological principle. At higher redshift we check for the self-consistency of the LambdaCDM model. At small redshifts, we use public supernovae (SNe) Ia data to determine the deceleration parameter q_0 and the SN calibration on opposite hemispheres. For the complete data sets we fit Omega_M and the SN calibration on opposite hemispheres. A statistically significant anisotropy of the Hubble diagram at redshifts z < 0.2 is discovered (> 95% C.L.). While data from the North Galactic hemisphere favour the accelerated expansion of the Universe, data from the South Galactic hemisphere are not conclusive. The hemispheric asymmetry is maximal toward a direction close to the equatorial poles. The discrepancy between the equatorial North and South hemispheres shows up in the SN calibration. For the LambdaCDM model fitted to all available SNe, we find the same asymmetry. The alignment of discrepancies between hemispheric Hubble diagrams with the equatorial frame seems to point toward a systematic error in the SN search, observation, analysis or data reduction. We also find that our model independent test cannot exclude the case of the deceleration of the expansion at a statistically significant level.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures; several corrections - conclusions unchanged; matches published version