cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
$Z_c(3900)$: Confronting theory and lattice simulations
Creators: name: Albaladejo, M.
name: Nieves, J.
name: Fernandez-Soler, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a recent $T$-matrix analysis by Albaladejo {\it et al.}, [Phys.\ Lett.\ B {\bf 755}, 337 (2016)] which accounts for the $J/ψπ$ and $D^\ast\bar{D}$ coupled--channels dynamics, and that successfully describes the experimental information concerning the recently discovered $Z_c(3900)^\pm$. Within such scheme, the data can be similarly well described in two different scenarios, where the $Z_c(3900)$ is either a resonance or a virtual state. To shed light into the nature of this state, we apply this formalism in a finite box with the aim of comparing with recent Lattice QCD (LQCD) simulations. We see that the energy levels obtained for both scenarios agree well with those obtained in the single-volume LQCD simulation reported in Prelovsek {\it et al.} [Phys.\ Rev.\ D {\bf 91}, 014504 (2015)], making thus difficult to disentangle between both possibilities. We also study the volume dependence of the energy levels obtained with our formalism, and suggest that LQCD simulations performed at several volumes could help in discerning the actual nature of the intriguing $Z_c(3900)$ state.
Flyer and program of the 3rd CyclonHit summer school organized in Bologna
Creators: name: I, Manet
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: 7FP ITN, CyclonHit, Summer School, Photochemistry, Nanomedicine

description: The documents contain information about the 3rd CyclonHit summer school organized in Bologna by Dr. I. Manet and Prof. S. Sortino.
Bayesian isochrone fitting and stellar ages
Creators: name: Valls-Gabaud, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Stellar evolution theory has been extraordinarily successful at explaining the different phases under which stars form, evolve and die. While the strongest constraints have traditionally come from binary stars, the advent of asteroseismology is bringing unique measures in well-characterised stars. For stellar populations in general, however, only photometric measures are usually available, and the comparison with the predictions of stellar evolution theory have mostly been qualitative. For instance, the geometrical shapes of isochrones have been used to infer ages of coeval populations, but without any proper statistical basis. In this chapter we provide a pedagogical review on a Bayesian formalism to make quantitative inferences on the properties of single, binary and small ensembles of stars, including unresolved populations. As an example, we show how stellar evolution theory can be used in a rigorous way as a prior information to measure the ages of stars between the ZAMS and the Helium flash, and their uncertainties, using photometric data only.
description: 43 pages, Proceedings of the Evry Schatzman School of Stellar Astrophysics "The ages of stars", EAS Publications Series, Volume 65
Strain-tuned quantum criticality in electronic Potts-nematic systems
Creators: name: Chakraborty, Anzumaan R.
name: Fernandes, Rafael M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by recent observations of threefold rotational symmetry breaking in twisted moiré systems, cold-atom optical lattices, quantum Hall systems, and triangular antiferromagnets, we phenomenologically investigate the strain-temperature phase diagram of the electronic 3-state Potts-nematic order. While in the absence of strain the quantum Potts-nematic transition is first-order, quantum critical points (QCP) emerge when uniaxial strain is applied, whose nature depends on whether the strain is compressive or tensile. In one case, the nematic amplitude jumps between two non-zero values while the nematic director remains pinned, leading to a symmetry-preserving meta-nematic transition that terminates at a quantum critical end-point. For the other type of strain, the nematic director unlocks from the strain direction and spontaneously breaks an in-plane twofold rotational symmetry, which in twisted moiré superlattices triggers an electric polarization. Such a piezoelectric transition changes from first to second-order upon increasing strain, resulting in a quantum tricritical point. Using a Hertz-Millis approach, we show that these QCPs share interesting similarities with the widely studied Ising-nematic QCP. The existence of three minima in the nematic action also leaves fingerprints in the strain-nematic hysteresis curves, which display multiple loops. At non-zero temperatures, because the upper critical dimension of the 3-state Potts model is smaller than three, the Potts-nematic transition is expected to remain first-order in 3D, but to change to second-order in 2D. As a result, the 2D strain-temperature phase diagram displays two first-order transition wings bounded by lines of critical end-points or tricritical points, reminiscent of the phase diagram of metallic ferromagnets. We discuss how our results can be used to unambiguously identify spontaneous Potts-nematic order.
description: 17 pages, 7 figures
On the Value of the Reconnection Rate
Creators: name: Comisso, Luca
name: Bhattacharjee, Amitava
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Numerical simulations have consistently shown that the reconnection rate in certain collisionless regimes can be fast, on the order of $0.1 v_A B_u$, where $v_A$ and $B_u$ are the Alfvén speed and the reconnecting magnetic field upstream of the ion diffusion region. This particular value has been reported in myriad numerical simulations under disparate conditions. However, despite decades of research, the reasons underpinning this specific value remain mysterious. Here, we present an overview of this problem and discuss the conditions under which the "0.1 value" is attained. Furthermore, we explain why this problem should be interpreted in terms of the ion diffusion region length.
description: Manuscript submitted for the JPP Special Issue "Solved and Unsolved Problems in Plasma Physics"
Non-Gaussian entanglement swapping
Creators: name: Dell'Anno, F.
name: Buono, D.
name: Nocerino, G.
name: De Siena, S.
name: Illuminati, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the continuous-variable entanglement swapping protocol in a non-Gaussian setting, with non- Gaussian states employed either as entangled inputs and/or as swapping resources. The quality of the swapping protocol is assessed in terms of the teleportation fidelity achievable when using the swapped states as shared entangled resources in a teleportation protocol. We thus introduce a two-step cascaded quantum communication scheme that includes a swapping protocol followed by a teleportation protocol. The swapping protocol is fed by a general class of tunable non-Gaussian states, the squeezed Bell states, which, by means of controllable free parameters, allows for a continuous morphing from Gaussian twin beams up to maximally non-Gaussian squeezed number states. In the realistic instance, taking into account the effects of losses and imperfections, we show that as the input two-mode squeezing increases, optimized non-Gaussian swapping resources allow for a monotonically increasing enhancement of the fidelity compared to the corresponding Gaussian setting. This result implies that the use of non-Gaussian resources is necessary to guarantee the success of continuous-variable entanglement swapping in the presence of decoherence.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures
Absolute frequency measurements with a robust, transportable ^{40}Ca^{+} optical clock
Creators: name: Zhang, Huaqing
name: Huang, Yao
name: Zhang, Baolin
name: Hao, Yanmei
name: Zeng, Mengyan
name: Chen, Qunfeng
name: Wang, Yuzhuo
name: Cao, Shiying
name: Lin, Yige
name: Fang, Zhanjun
name: Guan, Hua
name: Gao, Kelin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We constructed a transportable 40Ca+ optical clock (with an estimated minimum systematic shift uncertainty of 1.3*10^(-17) and a stability of 5*10^(-15)/sqrt{tau} ) that can operate outside the laboratory. We transported it from the Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan to the National Institute of Metrology, Beijing. The absolute frequency of the 729 nm clock transition was measured for up to 35 days by tracing its frequency to the second of International System of Units. Some improvements were implemented in the measurement process, such as the increased effective up-time of 91.3 % of the 40Ca+ optical clock over a 35-day-period, the reduced statistical uncertainty of the comparison between the optical clock and hydrogen maser, and the use of longer measurement times to reduce the uncertainty of the frequency traceability link. The absolute frequency measurement of the 40Ca+ optical clock yielded a value of 411042129776400.26 (13) Hz with an uncertainty of 3.2*10^(-16), which is reduced by a factor of 1.7 compared with our previous results. As a result of the increase in the operating rate of the optical clock, the accuracy of 35 days of absolute frequency measurement can be comparable to the best results of different institutions in the world based on different optical frequency measurements.
description: 15 pages, 5 figures
Surface Flux Transport on the Sun
Creators: name: Yeates, Anthony R.
name: Cheung, Mark C. M.
name: Jiang, Jie
name: Petrovay, Kristof
name: Wang, Yi-Ming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review the surface flux transport model for the evolution of magnetic flux patterns on the Sun's surface. Our underlying motivation is to understand the model's prediction of the polar field (or axial dipole) strength at the end of the solar cycle. The main focus is on the "classical" model: namely, steady axisymmetric profiles for differential rotation and meridional flow, and uniform supergranular diffusion. Nevertheless, the review concentrates on recent advances, notably in understanding the roles of transport parameters and - in particular - the source term. We also discuss the physical justification for the surface flux transport model, along with efforts to incorporate radial diffusion, and conclude by summarizing the main directions where researchers have moved beyond the classical model.
description: 35 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication in Space Science Reviews
Rates, Flux Densities, and Spectral Indices of Meteor Radio Afterglows
Creators: name: Obenberger, K. S.
name: Dowell, J. D.
name: Hancock, P. J.
name: Holmes, J. M.
name: Pedersen, T. R.
name: Schinzel, F. K.
name: Taylor, G. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the narrowband all-sky imager mode of the LWA1 we have now detected 30 transients at 25.6 MHz, 1 at 34 MHz, and 93 at 38.0 MHz. While we have only optically confirmed that 37 of these events are radio afterglows from meteors, evidence suggests that most, if not all, are. Using the beam-forming mode of the LWA1 we have also captured the broadband spectra between 22.0 and 55.0 MHz of four events. We compare the smooth, spectral components of these four events and fit the frequency dependent flux density to a power law, and find that the spectral index is time variable, with the spectrum steepening over time for each meteor afterglow. Using these spectral indices along with the narrow band flux density measurements of the 123 events at 25.6 and 38 MHz, we predict the expected flux densities and rates for meteor afterglows potentially observable by other low frequency radio telescopes.
description: 28 Pages and 7 Figures
Anisotropy of the infrared-active phonon modes in the mono-domain state of tetragonal SrTiO3 (110)
Creators: name: Yazdi-Rizi, M.
name: Marsik, P.
name: Mallett, B. P. P.
name: Bernhard, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With infrared and terahertz ellipsometry we investigated the anisotropy of the infrared active phonon modes in SrTiO3 (110) single crystals in the tetragonal state below the so-called antiferrodistortive transition at T* = 105 K. In particular, we show that the anisotropy of the oscillator strength of the so-called R-mode, which becomes weakly infrared active below T*, is a valuable indicator for the orientation of the structural domains. Our results reveal that a mono-domain state with the tetragonal axis (c-axis) parallel to the [001] direction can be created by applying a moderate uniaxial stress of about 2.3 MPa along the [1-10] direction (with a mechanical clamp). The resulting, intrinsic splitting of the infrared-active phonon modes is reported.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures
Visualization of Au Nanoparticles Buried in a Polymer Matrix by Scanning Thermal Noise Microscopy
Creators: name: Yao, Atsushi
name: Kobayashi, Kei
name: Kimura, Kuniko
name: Nosaka, Shunta
name: Yamada, Hirofumi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrated visualization of Au nanoparticles buried 300 nm into a polymer matrix by measurement of the thermal noise spectrum of a microcantilever with a tip in contact to the polymer surface. The subsurface Au nanoparticles were detected as the variation in the contact stiffness and damping reflecting the viscoelastic properties of the polymer surface. The variation in the contact stiffness well agreed with the effective stiffness of a simple one-dimensional model, which is consistent with the fact that the maximum depth range of the technique is far beyond the extent of the contact stress field.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures in main text; 7 pages, 5 figures in supplementary information
Biosphere reserves as models for science-society interaction to spur sustainability transformations in mountainous areas and beyond
Creators: name: Alexander Mitrofanenko, Katharina Gugerell
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biosphere reserve, science-society interactions, transdisciplinarity, nountainous areas, transformation, knowledge co-production, sustainable development

description: Understanding the impact of science-society interactions is crucial for shaping effective strategies for sustainable development. By investigating the extent to which transdisciplinary research collaborations create "knowledge-in-practice" and facilitate sustainability transformations, the BIOSS project aims to provide insights into the potential of such interactions in mountainous BR. The outcomes of this research will provide valuable insights for policymakers, researchers, and practitioners working towards sustainable development in mountainous regions and beyond.
OV or TOV ?
Creators: name: Semiz, İbrahim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The well-known equation for hydrostatic equilibrium in a static spherically symmetric spacetime supported by an isotropic perfect fluid is referred to as the Oppenheimer-Volkoff (OV) equation or the Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff (TOV) equation in various General Relativity textbooks or research papers. We scrutinize the relevant original publications to argue that the former is the more appropriate terminology.
description: Accepted for publication in Studies in History and Philosophy of Modern Physics
On a classification of fat bundles over compact homogeneous spaces
Creators: name: Bochenski, Maciej
name: Szczepkowska, Anna
name: Tralle, Aleksy
name: Woike, Artur
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C

description: This article deals with fat bundles. Berard-Bergery classified all homogeneous bundles of that type. We ask a question of a possibility to generalize his description in the case of arbitrary G-structures over homogeneous spaces. We obtain necessary conditions for the existence of such bundles. These conditions yield a kind of classification of fat bundles associated with G-structures over compact homogeneous spaces provided that the connection in a G-structure is canonical.
Fine- and hyperfine-structure effects in molecular photoionization: II. Resonance-enhanced multiphoton ionization and hyperfine-selective generation of molecular cations
Creators: name: Germann, Matthias
name: Willitsch, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Resonance-enhanced multiphoton ionization (REMPI) is a widely used technique for studying molecular photoionization and producing molecular cations for spectroscopy and dynamics studies. Here, we present a model for describing hyperfine-structure effects in the REMPI process and for predicting hyperfine populations in molecular ions produced by this method. This model is a generalization of our model for fine- and hyperfine- structure effects in one-photon ionization of molecules presented in the preceding companion article. This generalization is achieved by covering two main aspects: (1) treatment of the neutral bound-bound transition including hyperfine structure that makes up the first step of the REMPI process and (2) modification of our ionization model to account for anisotropic populations resulting from this first excitation step. Our findings may be used for analyzing results from experiments with molecular ions produced by REMPI and may serve as a theoretical background for hyperfine-selective ionization experiments.
Emertonella taczanowskii
Creators: name: Gao, Cai-Xia
name: Li, Shu-Qiang
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Theridiidae
Emertonella
Emertonella taczanowskii

description: Emertonella taczanowskii (Keyserling, 1886) Euryopis taczanowskii Keyserling, 1886: 47, pl. 12, fig. 160; Zhu, 1998: 37, figs 17A–D; Song et al., 1999: 123, figs 63C–D, G. Emertonella taczanowskii Yoshida, 2002: 17, figs 31-34 (transfered from Euryopis). Material examined. China, Yunnan, 1♂, Xishuangbanna, Menglun Nature Reserve, secondary tropical montane evergreen broad-leaved forest (21º54.813'N, 101º12.634'E), 5 August 2007, Guo Zheng leg. Distribution. China (Yunnan); Sri Lanka, USA to Argentina.
description: Published as part of Gao, Cai-Xia & Li, Shu-Qiang, 2014, Comb-footed spiders (Araneae: Theridiidae) in the tropical rainforest of Xishuangbanna, Southwest China, pp. 1-135 in Zoological Systematics 39 (1) on page 50, DOI: 10.11865/zs20140101, http://zenodo.org/record/7475365
description: {"references": ["Keyserling, E. 1886. Die Spinnen Amerikas. Theridiidae. Nurnberg, 2: 1 - 295."]}
title: Analysis of unpolarised π +π − photoproduction with the GlueX Experiment
Creators: name: Fitches, James
Publisher: name: University of Glasgow
Year: 2023

description: This thesis presents measurements of spin-density matrix elements in unpolarised π+π − photoproduction on a proton target. The dominant resonance contribution to the dipion system is the ρ(770) meson. Due to the large production cross section for this resonance, a valid comparison can be made between the obtained final results and ρ(770) spin-density matrix elements measured previously with other experiments. The measurement was performed over the 3.0 – 11.6 GeV beam energy regime, which is a more extensive energy range than has ever been studied previously for the ρ(770). Results were obtained by analysing data from the GlueX experiment based at Jefferson Lab. Extended maximum likelihood fits were applied to extract three spin-density matrix elements using Markov chain Monte Carlo based parameter estimations. This was performed using various binning configurations to probe the energy, mass, and four-momentum transfer dependence of the determined physics observables. Spin-density matrix elements are shown to be consistent with the model of s-channel helicity conservation at low −t. The effects of pomeron and f2 exchanges are clearly visible in the energy dependence of the measured observables. These observations provide valuable insights into the relative strengths of both processes as a function of the photon energy, and may enable theorists to disentangle the f2/P coupling ratio. Spin-density matrix elements are seen to be highly dependent on the reconstructed resonance mass. This observation is likely to be a result of non-resonant S-wave background processes, and emphasises the need for a more detailed model of the π +π − angular distribution that considers all of the competing angular momentum components that contribute to the measured final state. The statistical precision of measurements performed for this thesis surpass what was achievable in previous studies of the ρ(770) by several orders of magnitude. Studies of the energy and four-momentum transfer dependence, and insights into the effects of non ρ(770) background contributions provide valuable input for production models. This will help inform the choice of wave-sets used for partial wave analyses, supporting GlueX in its search for exotic hybrid meson states.
Orbital character of the spin-reorientation transition in TbMn$_6$Sn$_6$
Creators: name: Riberolles, S. X. M.
name: Slade, Tyler J.
name: Dally, R. L.
name: Sarte, P. M.
name: Li, Bing
name: Han, Tianxiong
name: Lane, H.
name: Stock, C.
name: Bhandari, H.
name: Ghimire, N. J.
name: Abernathy, D. L.
name: Canfield, P. C.
name: Lynn, J. W.
name: Ueland, B. G.
name: McQueeney, R. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ferromagnetic (FM) order in a two-dimensional kagome layer is predicted to generate a topological Chern insulator without an applied magnetic field. The Chern gap is largest when spin moments point perpendicular to the kagome layer, enabling the capability to switch topological transport properties, such as the quantum anomalous Hall effect, by controlling the spin orientation. In TbMn$_{6}$Sn$_{6}$, the uniaxial magnetic anisotropy of the Tb$^{3+}$ ion is effective at generating the Chern state within the FM Mn kagome layers while a spin-reorientation (SR) transition to easy-plane order above $T_{SR}=310$ K provides a mechanism for switching. Here, we use inelastic neutron scattering to provide key insights into the fundamental nature of the SR transition. The observation of two Tb excitations, which are split by the magnetic anisotropy energy, indicates an effective two-state orbital character for the Tb ion, with a uniaxial ground state and an isotropic excited state. The simultaneous observation of both modes below $T_{SR}$ confirms that orbital fluctuations are slow on magnetic and electronic time scales $<$ ps and act as a spatially-random orbital alloy. A thermally-driven critical concentration of isotropic Tb ions triggers the SR transition.
description: 21 pages
Evolution of Cataclysmic Variables and Related Binaries Containing a White-Dwarf
Creators: name: Kalomeni, B.
name: Nelson, L.
name: Rappaport, S.
name: Molnar, M.
name: Quintin, J.
name: Yakut, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a binary evolution study of cataclysmic variables (CVs) and related systems with white dwarf accretors, including for example, AM CVn systems, classical novae, supersoft X-ray sources, and systems with giant donor stars. Our approach intentionally avoids the complications associated with population synthesis algorithms thereby allowing us to present the first truly comprehensive exploration of all of the subsequent binary evolution pathways that ZACVs might follow (assuming fully non-conservative, Roche-lobe overflow onto an accreting WD) using the sophisticated binary stellar evolution code MESA. The grid consists of 56,000 initial models, including 14 white dwarf accretor masses, 43 donor-star masses ($0.1-4.7$ $M_{\odot}$), and 100 orbital periods. We explore evolution tracks in the orbital period and donor-mass ($P_{\rm orb}-M_{\rm don}$) plane in terms of evolution dwell times, masses of the white dwarf accretor, accretion rate, and chemical composition of the center and surface of the donor star. We report on the differences among the standard CV tracks, those with giant donor stars, and ultrashort period systems. We show where in parameter space one can expect to find supersoft X-ray sources, present a diagnostic to distinguish among different evolutionary paths to forming AM CVn binaries, quantify how the minimum orbital period in CVs depends on the chemical composition of the donor star, and update the $P_{\rm orb}(M_{\rm wd})$ relation for binaries containing white dwarfs whose progenitors lost their envelopes via stable Roche-lobe overflow. Finally, we indicate where in the $P_{\rm orb}-M_{\rm don}$ the accretion disks will tend to be stable against the thermal-viscous instability, and where gravitational radiation signatures may be found with LISA.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ, 18 pages, 20 figures, 3 tables
Mario Biagioli, Peter Jaszi and Martha Woodmansee (eds.), Making and Unmaking Intellectual Property. Creative Production in Legal and Cultural Perspective, The University of Chicago Press, 2011
Creators: name: Teli, Maurizio
Publisher: name: Tecnoscienza – Italian Journal of Science & Technology Studies
Year: 2011

description: Tecnoscienza – Italian Journal of Science & Technology Studies, Vol. 2 No. 2 (2011): Tecnoscienza Nr. 4
On the survival of zombie vortices in protoplanetary discs
Creators: name: Lesur, Geoffroy
name: Latter, Henrik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently it has been proposed that the zombie vortex instability (ZVI) could precipitate hydrodynamical activity and angular momentum transport in unmagnetised regions of protoplanetary discs, also known as "dead zones". In this letter we scrutinise, with high resolution 3D spectral simulations, the onset and survival of this instability in the presence of viscous and thermal physics. First, we find that the ZVI is strongly dependent on the nature of the viscous operator. Although the ZVI is easily obtained with hyper-diffusion, it is difficult to sustain with physical (second order) diffusion operators up to Reynolds numbers as high as 10^7. This sensitivity is probably due to the ZVI's reliance on critical layers, whose characteristic lengthscale, structure, and dynamics are controlled by viscous diffusion. Second, we observe that the ZVI is sensitive to radiative processes, and indeed only operates when the Peclet number is greater than a critical value ~10^4, or when the cooling time is longer than ~10 Omega^{-1}. As a consequence, the ZVI struggles to appear at R>0.3 AU in standard 0.01 M_sun T Tauri disc models, though younger more massive disks provide a more hospitable environment. Together these results question the prevalence of the ZVI in protoplanetary discs.
description: 6 pages, 8 figures, 1 table. Submitted to MNRAS Letters
Autofluorescence Bronchoscopy Video Analysis for Lesion Frame Detection
Creators: name: Chang, Qi
name: Bascom, Rebecca
name: Toth, Jennifer
name: Ahmad, Danish
name: Higgins, William E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Because of the significance of bronchial lesions as indicators of early lung cancer and squamous cell carcinoma, a critical need exists for early detection of bronchial lesions. Autofluorescence bronchoscopy (AFB) is a primary modality used for bronchial lesion detection, as it shows high sensitivity to suspicious lesions. The physician, however, must interactively browse a long video stream to locate lesions, making the search exceedingly tedious and error prone. Unfortunately, limited research has explored the use of automated AFB video analysis for efficient lesion detection. We propose a robust automatic AFB analysis approach that distinguishes informative and uninformative AFB video frames in a video. In addition, for the informative frames, we determine the frames containing potential lesions and delineate candidate lesion regions. Our approach draws upon a combination of computer-based image analysis, machine learning, and deep learning. Thus, the analysis of an AFB video stream becomes more tractable. Tests with patient AFB video indicate that $\ge$97\% of frames were correctly labeled as informative or uninformative. In addition, $\ge$97\% of lesion frames were correctly identified, with false positive and false negative rates $\le$3\%.
Emertonella trachypa Gao & Li 2014, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Gao, Cai-Xia
name: Li, Shu-Qiang
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Theridiidae
Emertonella
Emertonella trachypa

description: Emertonella trachypa sp. nov. (Figs 40–43) Holotype ♂, China, Yunnan, Xishuangbanna, Mengla County, Menglun Town, bamboo plantation (21º54.386'N, 101º16.803'E), 22 November 2009, Guo Tang and Zhi-Yuan Yao leg. Paratypes 2♀, same data as holotype. Etymology. The specific name derives from the Latin adjective trachypus and means stipitiform, in reference to the embolus resemble long handle. Diagnosis. The new species can be distinguished from other species of the genus by the triangular tegular apophysis and the long, handle-shaped embolus. Male (measurements of holotype). Total length 1.40. Prosoma 0.50 long, 0.49 wide, high, columned, brown, with black striae. Sternum 0.31 long, 0.31 wide, brown. Opisthosoma 0.96 long, 0.82 wide, grey, with many dents, with 2 setae instead of colulus. Eye measurements: AME 0.08, ALE 0.07, PME 0.07, PLE 0.06, AME-AME 0.06, AME-ALE 0.02, PME-PME 0.03, PME-PLE 0.03. Clypeus height about 3.75 times AME diameter, grey. Chelicerae: pale yellow, with dark spots, without tooth; fangs long and slender. Endites: 0.05 long, 0.13 wide, yellow with dark spots, brown pro-edges. Labium fused with sternum, 0.08 long, 0.01 wide, with 4 setae, yellow. Leg measurements: I absent; II 1.19 (0.38, 0.16, 0.25, 0.21, 0.19); III 1.21 (0.41, 0.19, 0.25, 0.19, 0.17); IV 1.27 (0.39, 0.16, 0.34, 0.22, 0.16). Leg II yellow, except femur grey; patella with 1 spine; tibia with 3 spines, 1–2 trichobothria. Leg III–IV similar to leg II. Pedipalpus (Figs 40A–B, 41A–B, 43A–D): tibia with 2 trichobothria; cymbium yellow, without spot; paracymbium hooded; subtegulum embeded in tibia; tegulum narrow; median apophysis smooth, without protrusion; embolus long, handle-shaped; conductor membranous; tegular apophysis triangular, short, strong. Female (measurements of paratypes). Total length 2.05–2.60. Prosoma 0.70–0.80 long, 0.73–0.75 wide, high, columned, brown, with black stripes. Sternum 0.57–0.63 long, 0.43–0.44 wide, brown. Opisthosoma 1.40–2.03 long, 1.15–1.68 wide, grey, with pale spots, many dents. Legs brown, similar to male, femur Ⅰ–IV dark brown. Epigynum (Figs 40C–D, 42A–B) flat; two pairs of spermathecae; anterior pair spermathecae connected by duct; copulatory ducts long, curved, originating from posterior spermathecae, opening to anterior margin of atrium; fertilization ducts short, originating (fix throughout) from upper pair spermathecae. Distribution. Only known from type locality (Yunnan).
description: Published as part of Gao, Cai-Xia & Li, Shu-Qiang, 2014, Comb-footed spiders (Araneae: Theridiidae) in the tropical rainforest of Xishuangbanna, Southwest China, pp. 1-135 in Zoological Systematics 39 (1) on page 50, DOI: 10.11865/zs20140101, http://zenodo.org/record/7475365
Comparing metrics for mixed quantum states: Sjoqvist and Bures
Creators: name: Alsing, Paul M.
name: Cafaro, Carlo
name: Luongo, Orlando
name: Lupo, Cosmo
name: Mancini, Stefano
name: Quevedo, Hernando
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is known that there are infinitely many distinguishability metrics for mixed quantum states. This freedom, in turn, leads to metric-dependent interpretations of physically meaningful geometric quantities such as complexity and volume of quantum states. In this paper, we first present an explicit and unabridged mathematical discussion on the relation between the Sjoqvist metric and the Bures metric for arbitrary nondegenerate mixed quantum states, using the notion of decompositions of density operators by means of ensembles of pure quantum states. Then, to enhance our comprehension of the difference between these two metrics from a physics standpoint, we compare the formal expressions of these two metrics for arbitrary thermal quantum states specifying quantum systems in equilibrium with a reservoir at non-zero temperature. For illustrative purposes, we show the difference between these two metrics in the case of a simple physical system characterized by a spin-qubit in an arbitrarily oriented uniform and stationary external magnetic field in thermal equilibrium with a finite-temperature bath. Finally, we compare the Bures and Sjoqvist metrics in terms of their monotonicity property.
description: 18 pages
The gamma-ray source AGL J2241+4454 as the possible counterpart of MWC 656
Creators: name: Munar-Adrover, P.
name: Sabatini, S.
name: Piano, G.
name: Tavani, M.
name: Nguyen, L. H.
name: Lucarelli, F.
name: Verrecchia, F.
name: Pittori, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The AGILE satellite discovered the transient source AGL J2241+4454 in 2010 which triggered the study of the associated field allowing for the discovery of the first Be/black hole binary system: MWC 656. This binary was suggested to be the counterpart of AGL J2241+4454, but this is still not a firm association. In this work we explore the archival AGILE and Fermi/LAT data in order to find more transient events originating in the field of AGL J2241+4454 and address the possibility to link them to the accretion/ejection processes of MWC 656. We found a total of 9 other transient events with AGILE compatible with the position of AGL J2241+4454, besides the one from 2010. We folded this events with the period of the binary system and we did not find significant results that allow us to associate the gamma-ray activity to any particular orbital phase. By stacking the 10 transient events we obtained a spectrum that extends between 100 MeV and 1 GeV, and we fitted it with a power law with photon index Γ = 2.3 +/- 0.2. We searched into the Fermi /LAT data in order to complement the gamma-ray information provided by AGILE but no significant results arose. In order to investigate this apparent contradiction between the two gamma-ray telescopes, we studied the exposure of the field of AGL J2241+4454 in both instruments finding significant differences. In particular, AGILE exposed for longer time and at lower off-axis angle distance the field of AGL J2241+4454. This fact, together with the energy dependent sensitivity of both instruments, and the soft spectrum found in the stacking analysis, might explain why AGILE observed the transient events not seen by Fermi/LAT.
description: 10 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ on 2016-07-11
The muon g-2: retrospective and future
Creators: name: Dorokhov, A. E.
name: Radzhabov, A. E.
name: Zhevlakov, A. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Soon, new experiments at FNAL and J-PARC will measure the muon anomalous magnetic moments with better accuracy than before. From theoretical side, the uncertainty of the standard model prediction is dominated by the hadronic contributions. Current status of the experimental data and theoretical calculations are briefly discussed.
description: 9 pages. Contribution to QUARKS-2016, 19th International Seminar on High Energy Physics, Pushkin, Russia, 29 May - 4 June, 2016
Impacts of fragmented accretion streams onto Classical T Tauri Stars: UV and X-ray emission lines
Creators: name: Colombo, Salvatore
name: Orlando, Salvatore
name: Peres, Giovanni
name: Argiroffi, Costanza
name: Reale, Fabio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. The accretion process in Classical T Tauri Stars (CTTSs) can be studied through the analysis of some UV and X-ray emission lines which trace hot gas flows and act as diagnostics of the post-shock downfalling plasma. In the UV band, where higher spectral resolution is available, these lines are characterized by rather complex profiles whose origin is still not clear. Aims. We investigate the origin of UV and X-ray emission at impact regions of density structured (fragmented) accretion streams.We study if and how the stream fragmentation and the resulting structure of the post-shock region determine the observed profiles of UV and X-ray emission lines. Methods. We model the impact of an accretion stream consisting of a series of dense blobs onto the chromosphere of a CTTS through 2D MHD simulations. We explore different levels of stream fragmentation and accretion rates. From the model results, we synthesize C IV (1550 Å) and OVIII (18.97 Å) line profiles. Results. The impacts of accreting blobs onto the stellar chromosphere produce reverse shocks propagating through the blobs and shocked upflows. These upflows, in turn, hit and shock the subsequent downfalling fragments. As a result, several plasma components differing for the downfalling velocity, density, and temperature are present altoghether. The profiles of C IV doublet are characterized by two main components: one narrow and redshifted to speed $\approx$ 50 km s$^{-1}$ and the other broader and consisting of subcomponents with redshift to speed in the range 200 $\approx$ 400 km s$^{-1}$. The profiles of OVIII lines appear more symmetric than C IV and are redshifted to speed $\approx$ 150 km s$^{-1}$. Conclusions. Our model predicts profiles of C IV line remarkably similar to those observed and explains their origin in a natural way as due to stream fragmentation.
description: 11 pages, 10 figures
Solid-state neutron detectors based on thickness scalable hexagonal boron nitride
Creators: name: Ahmed, Kawser
name: Dahal, Rajendra
name: Weltz, Adam
name: Lu, James J. -Q.
name: Danon, Yaron
name: Bhat, Ishwara B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper reports on the device processing and characterization of hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) based solid-state thermal neutron detectors, where hBN thickness varied from 2.5 to 15 microns. These natural hBN epilayers (with 19.9% B-10) were grown by a low pressure chemical vapor deposition process. Complete dry processing was adopted for the fabrication of these metal-semiconductor-metal (MSM) configuration detectors. These detectors showed intrinsic thermal neutron detection efficiency values of 0.86%, 2.4%, 3.15%, and 4.71% for natural hBN thickness values of 2.5, 7.5, 10, and 15 microns, respectively. Measured efficiencies are very close (more than 92%) to the theoretical maximum efficiencies for corresponding hBN thickness values for these detectors. This clearly shows the hBN thickness scalability of these detectors. A 15-micron thick hBN based MSM detector is expected to yield an efficiency of 21.4%, if enriched hBN (with ~100% B-10) is used instead of natural hBN. These results demonstrate that the fabrication of hBN thickness scalable highly efficient thermal neutron detectors is possible.
A3a CHO Citation Elements. Repository Case Studies. Template
Creators: name: Bettella, Cristiana
name: Apostolico, Mauro
name: Cappellato, Linda
name: Carrer, Yuri
name: Felicetti, Achille
name: Turetta, Giulio
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Research Data Alliance
EOSC Future
Data citation
Data model
Digital repositories
CHO citation model
Persistent identifier
PID
Semantic artefacts
Data quality
Metadata
Citation model

description: One of the activities of the project A FAIR-enabling citation model for Cultural Heritage Objects involved the in-depth analysis of citation practices of selected data repositories as case studies. To this end, a case study template was developed. The template comprises several descriptors intended to identify the data repository and the repository data citation practices, along with one or more samples of citation records of objects, hosted by the repository, as use cases. Part of A FAIR-enabling citation model for Cultural Heritage Objects project activities.
description: This project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 101017536 and is supported by the EOSC Future (https://eoscfuture.eu/) through the RDA (https://www.rd-alliance.org/) Open Call mechanism (https://eoscfuture-grants.eu/provider/research-data-alliance), based on evaluations of external, independent experts.
Electron-positron pair creation in the superposition of two oscillating electric field pulses with largely different frequency, duration and relative positioning
Creators: name: Folkerts, N.
name: Putzer, J.
name: Villalba-Chávez, S.
name: Müller, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Production of electron-positron pairs in two oscillating strong electric field pulses with largely different frequencies and durations is considered. In a first scenario, the influence of a low-frequency background field on pair production by a short main pulse of high frequency is analyzed. The background field is shown to cause characteristic modifications of the momentum spectra of created particles which, in turn, may be used for imaging of the background pulse. In a second scenario, an ultrashort, relatively weak assisting pulse is superimposed onto a strong main pulse. By studying the dependence of the pair production on the field parameters it is shown that duration and relative position of the ultrashort pulse modify the momentum spectra of produced particles in a distinctive way. Both scenarios enable, moreover, to extract partial information about the time periods when pairs with certain momenta are produced predominantly.
description: 10 pages, 9 figures
Adele E. Clarke, Laura Mamo, Jennifer Ruth Fosket, Jennifer R. Fishman and Janet K. Shim (eds.), Biomedicalization. Technoscience, Health, and Illness in the U.S, Duke University Press, 2010
Creators: name: Crabu, Stefano
Publisher: name: Tecnoscienza – Italian Journal of Science & Technology Studies
Year: 2011

description: Tecnoscienza – Italian Journal of Science & Technology Studies, Vol. 2 No. 2 (2011): Tecnoscienza Nr. 4
Boris Castel and Sergio Sismondo, The Art of Science, University of Toronto Press, 2008
Creators: name: Ambrosio, Chiara
Publisher: name: Tecnoscienza – Italian Journal of Science & Technology Studies
Year: 2011

description: Tecnoscienza – Italian Journal of Science & Technology Studies, Vol. 2 No. 2 (2011): Tecnoscienza Nr. 4
Tuning the Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST) Observing Strategy for Solar System Science
Creators: name: Schwamb, Megan E.
name: Jones, R. Lynne
name: Yoachim, Peter
name: Volk, Kathryn
name: Dorsey, Rosemary C.
name: Opitom, Cyrielle
name: Greenstreet, Sarah
name: Lister, Tim
name: Snodgrass, Colin
name: Bolin, Bryce T.
name: Inno, Laura
name: Bannister, Michele T.
name: Eggl, Siegfried
name: Solontoi, Michael
name: Kelley, Michael S. P.
name: Jurić, Mario
name: Lin, Hsing Wen
name: Ragozzine, Darin
name: Bernardinelli, Pedro H.
name: Chesley, Steven R.
name: Daylan, Tansu
name: Ďurech, Josef
name: Fraser, Wesley C.
name: Granvik, Mikael
name: Knight, Matthew M.
name: Lisse, Carey M.
name: Malhotra, Renu
name: Oldroyd, William J.
name: Thirouin, Audrey
name: Ye, Quanzhi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Vera C. Rubin Observatory is expected to start the Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST) in early to mid-2025. This multi-band wide-field synoptic survey will transform our view of the solar system, with the discovery and monitoring of over 5 million small bodies.The final survey strategy chosen for LSST has direct implications on the discoverability and characterization of solar system minor planets and passing interstellar objects. Creating an inventory of the solar system is one of the four main LSST science drivers. The LSST observing cadence is a complex optimization problem that must balance the priorities and needs of all the key LSST science areas. To design the best LSST survey strategy, a series of operation simulations using the Rubin Observatory scheduler have been generated to explore the various options for tuning observing parameters and prioritizations. We explore the impact of the various simulated LSST observing strategies on studying the solar system's small body reservoirs. We examine what are the best observing scenarios and review what are the important considerations for maximizing LSST solar system science. In general, most of the LSST cadence simulations produce +/-5% or less variations in our chosen key metrics, but a subset of the simulations significantly hinder science returns with much larger losses in the discovery and light curve metrics.
description: Accepted to ApJS, 103 pages (including references), 43 figures, 9 Tables. Videos will be available in the online journal formatted and published version of the paper [v2.0 submission corrects the author list metadata from the arxiv initial submission and updates the abstract]