cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Fracture toughness of calcium-silicate-hydrate grains from molecular dynamics simulations
Creators: name: Bauchy, M.
name: Laubie, H.
name: Qomi, M. J. Abdolhosseini
name: Hoover, C. G.
name: Ulm, F. -J.
name: Pellenq, R. J. -M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cement is the most widely used manufacturing material in the world and improving its toughness would allow for the design of slender infrastructure, requiring less material. To this end, we investigate by means of molecular dynamics simulations the fracture of calcium-silicate-hydrate (C-S-H), the binding phase of cement, responsible for its mechanical properties. For the first time, we report values of the fracture toughness, critical energy release rate, and surface energy of C-S-H grains. This allows us to discuss the brittleness of the material at the atomic scale. We show that, at this scale, C-S-H breaks in a ductile way, which prevents from using methods based on linear elastic fracture mechanics. Knowledge of the fracture properties of C-S-H at the nanoscale opens the way for an upscaling approach to the design of tougher cement.
Pleasure and political philosophy in Aristotle's Nicomachean Ethics
Creators: name: Jiang, Jonathan
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2022
Subjects: Aristotle
Political theory
Pleasure
Happiness

description: This thesis analyzes Aristotle’s treatment of pleasure in book seven of the Nicomachean Ethics. The thesis argues that Aristotle’s identification of contemplative activity with a certain kind of pleasure fulfills a key part of his project to articulate a vision of happiness that is unified and harmonious and, accordingly, that Aristotle’s reflections on pleasure help illuminate his claim that the philosopher is the architect of the end of human life. The thesis suggests further that Aristotle implicitly qualifies this vision of happiness by indicating the internal tensions of the philosophic life.
The effect of surfactants and their concentrations on the liquid-exfoliation of graphene
Creators: name: Wang, Shuai
name: Yi, Min
name: Liang, Shuaishuai
name: Shen, Zhigang
name: Zhang, Xiaojing
name: Ma, Shulin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigated the effect of surfactants and their concentration (Csur) on the final graphene concentration (CG) via the liquid-phase exfoliation method. Six typical surfactants including ionic and non-ionic ones were explored and the optimized Csur for each surfactant was suggested. For ionic surfactants, CG increases with Csur before reaching its maximum and then maintains the high level. The different mechanisms of ionic and non-ionic surfactants in stabilizing graphene dispersions are explained by the theory for colloidal stability. The as-prepared graphene sheets are verified to be highly exfoliated through transmission electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy studies, while the defect-free structure was evidenced by Raman spectra and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.
description: 22 pages, 8 figures
Au9+ swift heavy ion irradiation of Zn[CS(NH2)2]3SO4 crystal: Crystalline perfection and optical properties
Creators: name: Kushwaha, S. K.
name: Maurya, K. K.
name: Vijayan, N.
name: Gupta, A. K.
name: Haranath, D.
name: Kumar, B.
name: Kanjilal, D.
name: Bhagavannarayana, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The single crystal of tris(thiourea)zinc sulphate (Zn[CS(NH2)2]3SO4) was irradiated by 150 MeV Au9+ swift heavy ions and analyzed in comparison with pure crystal for crystalline perfection and optical properties. The Fourier transform infrared and x-ray powder diffraction inferred that swift ions lead the disordering and breaking of molecular bonds in lattice without formation of new structural phases. High resolution X-ray diffraction (HRXRD) revealed the abundance of point defects, and formation of mosaics and low angle grain boundaries in the irradiated region of crystal. The swift ion irradiation found to affect the lattice vibrational modes and functional groups significantly. The defects induced by heavy ions act as the color centers and resulted in enhance of photoluminescence emission intensity. The optical transparency and band gap found to be decreased.
description: 7 pages
Operator methods applied to special functions
Creators: name: Moya-Cessa, H.
name: Soto-Eguibar, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on operator algebras commonly used in quantum mechanics some properties of special functions such as Hermite and Laguerre polynomials and Bessel functions are derived.
description: The content overlaps with arXiv:0809.2259
Inverse problems in drill-string torsional vibration
Creators: name: Alrasheed, Abdulmalik
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2020
Subjects: Inverse drill-string vibration
Torsional
Adjoint
Vibration suppression

description: In this study, a method is developed to better model drill-string torsional vibration by using data to calibrate a Partial Differential Equation (PDE) based model. Drill-string vibration is a complex phenomenon that is widely studied with several approaches to model the complexities encountered in real life. Sensors are now more widely available that can acquire high frequency data needed for the approach described in this study. The goal of this study is to use synthetic data to calibrate a PDE torsional model by using an inverse problem approach as a proof of concept to implementation on real data. The outcome of this approach is a calibrated model that can be used in control systems which can be implemented in the field to mitigate severe torsional vibration. Torsional drill-string vibration was simulated using finite element method under different conditions of drill-string stiffness coefficients and damping coefficients varying along the entire length of the drill-string. Newmark beta method was used to perform the time stepping in the simulation giving us a more stable implicit formulation for time stepping which reduces the errors. Numerical methods were used to generate drill-string displacement data for the simulation time interval, which were then stored to act as input for subsequent processing to simulate input data from sensors. Adjoint based method was used to calculate the gradients of the optimization problem. Using gradient descent, we incrementally update the parameters to better approximate the synthetic data until the original parameters were recovered
Understanding multidimensional aspects of public trust in the water infrastructure within US shrinking cities
Creators: name: Butcher, Daniel Allen
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2020
Subjects: Trust
Water
Infrastructure
Shrinking city

description: Water contamination events, whether minor such as a boil water alert or major such as the Flint Water Crisis, are not unique or necessarily infrequent occurrences. Oftentimes, as these crises unfold, the topic of end users not trusting their water in spite of utilities ensuring the water is safe for consumption can occur due to the erosion of trust between the water provider and the end users for reasons such as breakdowns in communication or handling of the crisis. Consequentially, this can lead to end users seeking alternative—or substitute—products for tap water, such as using bottled water. This study analyzes trust as a triangular relationship between the water provider, the consumer, and the consequential action a consumer makes regarding the use of the provided tap water. We posit here that whether an individual trusts the water system and how the individual interacts with the system are interrelated. Enabling this study is a survey deployed to 21 shrinking cities in November 2019. Three questions of interest were modeled: (1) whether water provider’s decisions align with the best interests of the consumer, (2) whether the tap water provided is of adequate quality, and (3) whether the water provider informs the consumers of issues regarding the water system quickly. A Log-Likelihood Ratio Test (LRT) was used to test whether the difference in individuals’ action of consuming bottled water has an impact on different aspects of trust modeled. The LRT for all three models determined there is a greater than 99% confidence that trust should be modeled differently for someone that uses bottled water as their primary water source versus someone who does not. As such, these results verify that trust is relative to the consumer actions. Select independent variables were significant in influencing trust across multiple models, including the ability to pay water bills and the number of water contamination events an individual experienced. In shrinking cities, where underutilized infrastructure is already a challenge, utilities may invest in strategies or policies aimed at building trust with certain demographics revealed in the modeling to encourage use of water received at the tap.
Non-conforming multipatches for NURBS-based finite element analysis of higher-order phase-field models for brittle fracture
Creators: name: Nguyen, Khuong D.
name: Augarde, Charles E.
name: Coombs, William M.
name: Nguyen-Xuan, H.
name: Abdel-Wahab, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper proposes an effective computational tool for brittle crack propagation problems based on a combination of a higher-order phase-field model and a non-conforming mesh using a NURBS-based isogeometric approach. This combination, as demonstrated in this paper, is of great benefit in reducing the computational cost of using a local refinement mesh and a higher-order phase-field, which needs higher derivatives of basis functions. Compared with other approaches using a local refinement mesh, the Virtual Uncommon-Knot-Inserted Master-Slave (VUKIMS) method presented here is not only simple to implement but can also reduce the variable numbers. VUKIMS is an outstanding choice in order to establish a local refinement mesh, i.e. a non-conforming mesh, in a multi-patch problem. A phase-field model is an efficient approach for various complicated crack patterns, including those with or without an initial crack path, curved cracks, crack coalescence, and crack propagation through holes. The paper demonstrates that cubic NURBS elements are ideal for balancing the computational cost and the accuracy because they can produce accurate solutions by utilising a lower degree of freedom number than an extremely fine mesh of first-order B-spline elements.
description: 40 pages, 35 figures
One-loop corrections to neutralino-stop coannihilation revisited
Creators: name: Harz, J.
name: Herrmann, B.
name: Klasen, M.
name: Kovarik, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the ${\cal O}(α_s)$ supersymmetric QCD corrections to neutralino-stop coannihilation into a top quark and a gluon in the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM). This particular channel can be numerically important in wide ranges of the MSSM parameter space with rather light stops. We discuss technical details such as the renormalization scheme and the phase-space slicing method with two cutoffs. We also comment on improvements with respect to earlier works on the given process. Further, we study for the first time the phenomenologically very interesting interplay of neutralino-stop coannihilation with neutralino-pair annihilation into quark pairs taking the full next-to-leading order SUSY-QCD corrections into account. We demonstrate that the numerical impact of these corrections on the total (co)annihilation cross section and finally on the theoretically predicted neutralino relic density is significant.
description: 20 pages, 12 figures, 4 tables
ExoMol line lists VII: The rotation-vibration spectrum of phosphine up to 1500 K
Creators: name: Sousa-Silva, Clara
name: Al-Refaie, Ahmed F.
name: Tennyson, Jonathan
name: Yurchenko, Sergei N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A comprehensive hot line list is calculated for $^{31}$PH$_3$ in its ground electronic state. This line list, called SAlTY, contains almost 16.8 billion transitions between 7.5 million energy levels and it is suitable for simulating spectra up to temperatures of 1500~K. It covers wavelengths longer than 1~$μ$m and includes all transitions to upper states with energies below $hc \cdot 18\,000$~cm$^{-1}$ and rotational excitation up to $J=46$. The line list is computed by variational solution of the Schrödinger equation for the rotation-vibration motion employing the nuclear-motion program TROVE. A previously reported {\it ab initio} dipole moment surface is used as well as an updated `spectroscopic' potential energy surface (PES), obtained by refining an existing \textit{ab initio} surface through least-squares fitting to the experimentally derived energies. Detailed comparisons with other available sources of phosphine transitions confirms SAlTY's accuracy and illustrates the incompleteness of previous experimental and theoretical compilations for temperatures above 300 K. Atmospheric models are expected to severely underestimate the abundance of phosphine in disequilibrium environments, and it is predicted that phosphine will be detectable in the upper troposphere of many substellar objects. This list is suitable for modelling atmospheres of many astrophysical environments, namely carbon stars, Y dwarfs, T dwarfs, hot Jupiters and solar system gas giant planets. It is available in full as supplementary data to the article and at \url{www.exomol.com}.
description: MNRAS in press 19 pages, 10 figures, 4 tables
Geomorphology of megafans
Creators: name: Sounny-Slitine, Moulay Mohamed Anwar Adounia
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2020
Subjects: Megafans
DFS
Geomorphology

description: Megafans, and more broadly alluvial fans, are landforms developed at topographic fronts through fluvial and colluvial processes. Unlike other landforms that are part of the common lexicon (e.g., mountains, hills, deltas, etc.), megafans are one of the least known and understood landforms. In general, a megafan is a large fan-shaped landform with an extent of greater than 103 km2 built by a river as it exits a topographic front. Due to the limited understanding of megafans, they are popularly referred to as ‘inland deltas.’ In scholarship, megafans thought to behave like large alluvial fans. This work’s aim is to further the understanding of megafan geomorphology through the study of morphometrics and processes controlling their evolution. This study produces a novel global geodatabase of megafans populated with morphometrics of megafans and their contributing source basins. The study proposes a new definition of megafans that are based on metrics. This is achieved through a global survey of megafans and alluvial fans, which has an innovative approach to utilizing both satellite imagery and elevation models to map and analyze megafans in a system-wide integrative approach, including the source basin of the landform. Furthermore, I address a number of research questions about megafans, which include: What makes a megafan different than an alluvial fan? Is megafan formation driven by avulsion or distributive processes? What role does the source basins play in megafans sizes and shapes? And in what ways does climate influence how active the development of megafans are? Through this work, I demonstrate that megafans are a unique landform that can both be avulsive and distributive in nature, that the source basin has a large influence on how they form, and that globally larger megafans are mostly inactive and relic landforms of past climatic regimes. I also take a closer look at some major regions of the world influenced by megafans, including the Chaco Plain, The Sahel, Himalayan Forelands, Okavango Delta, and the Pantanal.
Ionic content dependence of viscoelasticity of lyotropic chromonic liquid crystal sunset yellow
Creators: name: Zhou, Shuang
name: Cervenka, Adam J.
name: Lavrentovich, Oleg D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A lyotropic chromonic liquid crystal (LCLC) is an orientationally ordered system made by self-assembled aggregates of charged organic molecules in water, bound by weak non-covalent attractive forces and stabilized by electrostatic repulsions. We determine how the ionic content of the LCLC, namely the presence of mono- and divalent salts and pH enhancing agent, alter the viscoelastic properties of the LCLC. Aqueous solutions of the dye Sunset Yellow with a uniaxial nematic order are used as an example. By applying a magnetic field to impose orientational deformations, we measure the splay $K_1$, twist $K_2$ and bend $K_3$ elastic constants and rotation viscosity $γ_1$ as a function of concentration of additives. The data indicate that the viscoelastic parameters are influenced by ionic content in dramatic and versatile ways. For example, the monovalent salt NaCl decreases $K_3$ and $K_2$ and increases $γ_1$, while an elevated pH decreases all the parameters. We attribute these features to the ion-induced changes in length and flexibility of building units of LCLC, the chromonic aggregates, a property not found in conventional thermotropic and lyotropic liquid crystals formed by covalently bound units of fixed length.
Real-time analysis of wide-field sub-diffuse images of normal and cancerous skin tissue using an artificial neural network
Creators: name: Stier, Andrew Clayton
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2021
Subjects: Light scattering
Optical properties
Tissue optics
Machine learning
Artificial neural network

description: Sub-diffuse optical properties have the potential to serve as cancer biomarkers. Sub-diffuse spatial frequency domain imaging (sd-SFDI) can reveal wide-field heatmaps of these properties and has advantages over other imaging modalities. However, rendering optical property heatmaps from these images is currently too slow for this technology to be considered for real-time applications, such as image guided surgery. Moreover, the research on sub-diffuse optical properties and their utility for identifying cancerous tissue is limited. This dissertation demonstrates the rendering of sub-diffuse optical property heatmaps from experimental sd-SFDI images in real time and examines how these properties differ across normal and cancerous skin tissue subtypes. To achieve these results, a Monte Carlo model was developed with a novel phase function sampling method which enabled simulation of sd-SFDI spectra over the wide range of sub-diffuse optical properties found in biological tissue and calibration phantoms. Datasets simulated with this model were used to train an artificial neural network (ANN) machine learning model to predict sub-diffuse optical properties from sd-SFDI reflection spectra. The speed and accuracy of the ANN was tested on sd-SFDI images of tissue simulating phantoms. The ANN was then applied to sd-SFDI images of tissue samples taken from skin cancer patients to render optical property heatmaps of the samples. The sub-diffuse optical properties of basal cell carcinoma (BCC), adipose, and dermis regions within these samples, guided by co-registered and marked histology slides, were analyzed. The ANN accurately processed the sd-SFDI images and rendered optical property heatmaps from experimental data in real time. Quantitative differences were seen between the optical properties of the different tissue subtypes. These results bring the overall process of sd-SFDI a fundamental step closer to real-time speeds, advance the knowledge of sub-diffuse optical properties of biological tissue, and set a foundation for future real-time medical applications of sd-SFDI.
Crack propagation in quasi-brittle materials by fourth-order phase-field cohesive zone model
Creators: name: Nguyen, Khuong D.
name: Thanh, Cuong-Le
name: Vogel, Frank
name: Nguyen-Xuan, H.
name: Abdel-Wahab, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A phase-field approach becomes a more popular candidate in modeling crack propagation. It uses a scalar auxiliary variable, namely a phase-field variable, to model a discontinuity zone in a continuity domain. Furthermore, the fourth-order phase-field approach produces a better convergence rate and more accurate solutions than the second-order one. However, it is available for modeling crack propagation in brittle material. This study addresses the fourth-order phase-field model combining the non-standard phase-field form with a cohesive zone model (CZM) to predict crack propagation in quasi-brittle material. A Cornelisson's softening law is used to capture the high precision of crack propagation prediction. The concrete material is considered as a quasi-brittle one. For computation efficiency using NURBS-based finite elements, Virtual Uncommon-Knot-Inserted Master-Slave (VUKIMS) technique is employed to derive a local refinement mesh. Numerical results are verified by the published ones from literature. It was found that the peak load and crack path are independent of the element size and insensitive to the length-scale number using the fourth-order phase-field CZM. Our proposed model shows the most significant advantage compared to the standard phase-field approach in terms of computational cost and solution accuracy.
description: 11 pages, 11 figures
The design and safety analysis of an accessible low-cost differential drive robot under LIDAR-Based obstacle avoidance
Creators: name: Salas-España, Natali V
name: 0000-0002-2159-8967
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2021
Subjects: Differential-drive robot
Obstacle avoidance
Safety
Low-cost robotics

description: A low-cost mobile robot, OpenDani, is re-designed and built to serve as a research platform capable of autonomous tasks. A self-contained, open-source design is supported by the single-board computer mounted atop the robot. Low-cost sensors are integrated into the robot communication network to achieve online obstacle avoidance (OA). The mobile system is compared to its previous, non-autonomous design to highlight an elevated level of autonomy. An experimental analysis is performed to define a relationship between components of the OpenDani design and the safe operation of the vehicle under an obstacle avoidance task.
title: Διαχείριση και ανάλυση του περιεχομένου των τάιμ άουτ κατά τη διάρκεια αγώνων πετοσφαίρισης
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Γιαζιτζή, Αικατερίνη
Publisher: name: University of Thessaly
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: ΠΕΤΟΣΦΑΙΡΙΣΗ
subject: ΠΡΟΠΟΝΗΤΕΣ (ΑΘΛΗΤΙΣΜΟΣ)

description: Σκοπός της παρούσας έρευνας ήταν η καταγραφή της διαχείρισης των τάιμ άουτ σε σχέση με το σκορ, η καταγραφή και αξιολόγηση των σχολίων και των οδηγιών των προπονητών κατά τη διάρκεια των τάιμ άουτ, καθώς και η σύγκριση των σχολίων και των οδηγιών των προπονητών των ομάδων που κατέλαβαν τις θέσεις 1-4, με εκείνες που κατέλαβαν τις θέσεις 5-8 και εκείνες που κατέλαβαν τις θέσεις 9-12. Επίσης, η σύγκριση του είδους των σχολίων μεταξύ των ομάδων που νίκησαν ή έχασαν στους αγώνες που παρατηρήθηκαν και καταγράφηκαν, καθώς επίσης και η σύγκριση αρνητικών και θετικών σχολίων μεταξύ των ομάδων. Το δείγμα αποτέλεσαν 238 τάιμ άουτ, των 12 ομάδων, που καταγράφηκαν σε 12 αγώνες της κανονικής περιόδου του πρωταθλήματος Πετοσφαίρισης της Α1 ανδρών. Η καταγραφή γινόταν με βιντεοσκόπηση και ηχογράφηση κατά τη διάρκεια των τάιμ άουτ και έπειτα ακολουθούσε ανάλυση και συμπλήρωση ειδικού πρωτοκόλλου. Για την ανάλυση των σχολίων των τάϊμ άουτ χρησιμοποιήθηκε το Εργαλείο Καταγραφής των Σχολίων και Οδηγιών των Προπονητών κατά τη διάρκεια των τάιμ άουτ (Hastie, 1999). Τα αποτελέσματα της περιγραφικής στατιστικής με ανάλυση συχνοτήτων, έδειξαν ότι οι προπονητές προτιμούν να παίρνουν τάιμ άουτ μετά το πρώτο τεχνικό τάιμ άουτ (9-16 πόντους- 36%) και κυρίως μετά το δεύτερο (17-21 πόντους 39,3%). Επίσης χρησιμοποιούν το τάιμ άουτ, κυρίως όταν η διαφορά πόντων με την άλλη ομάδα είναι 2, 3 και 4 πόντους, 22%, 18,7% και 18% αντίστοιχα. Όσον αφορά το είδος των σχολίων που έκαναν οι προπονητές κατά τη διάρκεια των τάιμ άουτ, βρέθηκε ότι τα περισσότερα σχόλια αφορούσαν την τακτική του παιχνιδιού (50,85%), έπειτα ακολουθούσαν οι ψυχολογικές αναφορές (26,70%), άλλες αναφορές (19,61%) και τέλος οι αναφορές στην τεχνική (2,84%). Η πολυμεταβλητή ανάλυση της διακύμανσης (MANOVA), με επίπεδο σημαντικότητας το ρ
Sea Ice Detection from GNSS-R Data Based on Residual Network
Creators: name: Hu, Yuan
name: Hua, Xifan
name: Liu, Wei
name: Wickert, Jens
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::550 Geowissenschaften, Geologie::550 Geowissenschaften
subject: delay-Doppler maps
subject: global navigation satellite system-reflectometry
subject: convolutional neural networks
subject: sea ice detection
subject: DDMs
subject: GNSS-R
subject: CNNs

description: Sea ice is an important component of the polar circle and influences atmospheric change. Global navigation satellite system reflectometry (GNSS-R) not only realizes time-continuous and wide-area sea ice detection, but also greatly reduces the cost of sea ice remote sensing research, which has been a hot topic in recent years. To tackle the challenges of noise interference and the reduced accuracy of sea ice detection during the melting period, this paper proposes a sea ice detection method based on a residual neural network (ResNet). ResNet addresses the issue of vanishing gradients in deep neural networks and introduces residual connections, which allows the network to reuse learned features from previous layers. Delay-Doppler maps (DDMs) collected from TechDemoSat-1 (TDS-1) are used as input, and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) surface-type data above 60°N are selected as the true values. Based on ResNet, the sea ice detection achieved an accuracy of 98.61%, demonstrating high robustness to noise and strong stability during the sea ice melting period (June to September). In comparison to other sea ice detection algorithms, it stands out with its advantages of high accuracy, stability, and insensitivity to noise.
Extending obstructions to noncommutative functorial spectra
Creators: name: Berg, Benno van den
name: Heunen, Chris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 16B50, 46L85

description: Any functor from the category of C*-algebras to the category of locales that assigns to each commutative C*-algebra its Gelfand spectrum must be trivial on algebras of nxn-matrices for n at least 3. This obstruction also applies to other spectra such as those named after Zariski, Stone, and Pierce. We extend these no-go results to functors with values in (ringed) topological spaces, (ringed) toposes, schemes, and quantales. The possibility of spectra in other categories is discussed.
Supplementary material from "Timing of reproduction modifies transgenerational effects of chronic exposure to stressors in an annual vertebrate"
Creators: name: Magierecka, Agnieszka
name: Aristeidou, Antreas
name: Papaevripidou, Maria
name: Gibson, John K.
name: Sloman, Katherine A.
name: Metcalfe, Neil B.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 60201 Behavioural Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60308 Life Histories
subject: Zoology

description: Stressful environmental conditions can shape both an individual’s phenotype and that of its offspring. However, little is known about transgenerational effects of chronic (as opposed to acute) stressors, nor whether these vary across the breeding lifespan of the parent. We exposed adult female (F0 generation) three-spined sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus) to chronic environmental stressors and compared their reproductive investment with that of non-exposed controls across early, middle and late clutches produced within the single breeding season of this annual population. There was a seasonal trend (but no treatment difference) in F0 reproductive investment, with increases in egg mass and fry size in late clutches. We then tested for transgenerational effects in the non-exposed F1 and F2 generations. F0 females exposed to stressors altered the phenotype of their offspring and grandoffspring that were produced late in their breeding lifespan: F1 offspring produced from the late-season clutches of stressor-exposed F0 females had higher early life survival, and subsequently produced heavier eggs and F2 fry that were larger at hatching. Changed maternal investment due to a combination of seasonal and environmental factors can thus have a transgenerational effect by influencing the reproductive investment of daughters, especially those born late in life.
Effects of self-consistency and plasmon-pole models on GW calculations for closed-shell molecules
Creators: name: Lischner, Johannes
name: Sharifzadeh, Sahar
name: Deslippe, Jack
name: Neaton, Jeffrey B.
name: Louie, Steven G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present theoretical calculations of quasiparticle energies in closed-shell molecules using the GW method. We compare three different approaches: a full-frequency $G_0W_0$ (FF-$G_0W_0$) method with density functional theory (DFT-PBE) used as a starting mean field; a full-frequency $GW_0$ (FF-$GW_0$) method where the interacting Green's function is approximated by replacing the DFT energies with self-consistent quasiparticle energies or Hartree-Fock energies; and a $G_0W_0$ method with a Hybertsen-Louie generalized plasmon-pole model (HL GPP-$G_0W_0$). While the latter two methods lead to good agreement with experimental ionization potentials and electron affinities for methane, ozone, and beryllium oxide molecules, FF-$G_0W_0$ results can differ by more than one electron volt from experiment. We trace this failure of the FF-$G_0W_0$ method to the occurrence of incorrect self-energy poles describing shake-up processes in the vicinity of the quasiparticle energies.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, accepted to Phys. Rev. B
Gradual time reversal in thermo- and photo- acoustic tomography within a resonant cavity
Creators: name: Holman, B.
name: Kunyansky, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 44A12, 92C55, 65R32

description: Thermo- and photo- acoustic tomography require reconstructing initial acoustic pressure in a body from time series of pressure measured on a surface surrounding the body. For the classical case of free space wave propagation, various reconstruction techniques are well known. However, some novel measurement schemes place the object of interest between reflecting walls that form a de facto resonant cavity. In this case, known methods (including the popular time reversal algorithm) cannot be used. The inverse problem involving reflecting walls can be solved by the $gradual$ $time$ $reversal$ method we propose here. It consists in solving back in time on the interval $[0,T]$ the initial/boundary value problem for the wave equation, with the Dirichlet boundary data multiplied by a smooth cut-off function. If $T$ is sufficiently large one obtains a good approximation to the initial pressure; in the limit of large $T$ such an approximation converges (under certain conditions) to the exact solution.
description: 24 pages, 3 figures
AsPOS: Assamese Part of Speech Tagger using Deep Learning Approach
Creators: name: Pathak, Dhrubajyoti
name: Nandi, Sukumar
name: Sarmah, Priyankoo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.7

description: Part of Speech (POS) tagging is crucial to Natural Language Processing (NLP). It is a well-studied topic in several resource-rich languages. However, the development of computational linguistic resources is still in its infancy despite the existence of numerous languages that are historically and literary rich. Assamese, an Indian scheduled language, spoken by more than 25 million people, falls under this category. In this paper, we present a Deep Learning (DL)-based POS tagger for Assamese. The development process is divided into two stages. In the first phase, several pre-trained word embeddings are employed to train several tagging models. This allows us to evaluate the performance of the word embeddings in the POS tagging task. The top-performing model from the first phase is employed to annotate another set of new sentences. In the second phase, the model is trained further using the fresh dataset. Finally, we attain a tagging accuracy of 86.52% in F1 score. The model may serve as a baseline for further study on DL-based Assamese POS tagging.
description: Accepted in AICCSA 2022
The photon PDF of the proton
Creators: name: Martin, A. D.
name: Ryskin, M. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show how the photon input parton distribution function (PDF) may be calculated with good accuracy, and used in an extended DGLAP global parton analysis in which the photon is treated as an additional point-like parton. The uncertainty of the input photon PDF is relatively small, since the major part of the distribution (which is produced by the coherent emission of the photon from a proton that remains intact) is well known. We present the expected photon PDFs, and compare the predictions with ZEUS data for isolated photon electroproduction at negative rapidities.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures, 3 tables
title: Αξιοπιστία της κλίμακας ισορροπίας Berg (Berg Balance Scale) σε Έλληνες της τρίτης ηλικίας
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Χατζηθεοδώρου, Εμμανουήλ Δ.
Publisher: name: University of Thessaly
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: ΙΣΟΡΡΟΠΙΑ (ΦΥΣΙΟΛΟΓΙΑ)
subject: ΗΛΙΚΙΩΜΕΝΟΙ

description: Σκοπός της παρούσης έρευνας είναι ο έλεγχος και προσδιορισμός της αξιοπιστίας της κλίμακας ισορροπίας Berg (BBS) σε άτομα της τρίτης ηλικίας από τον ελληνικό πληθυσμό. Στην έρευνα συμμετείχαν 60 άτομα (29 άνδρες και 31 γυναίκες) με μέση ηλικία 74.972±6.7 έτη, μέσο βάρος 76.2±14.6 kgr και μέσο ύψος 1.65±0.1m. Από αυτούς οι 34 είχαν υποστεί πτώση τα τελευταία 2 χρόνια, ενώ για τους υπόλοιπους 26 δεν είχε αναφερθεί κάποια πτώση στο ίδιο διάστημα. Αρχικά καταγράφηκε το ιστορικό των εξεταζόμενων και στη συνεχεία εφαρμόστηκε η BBS χωριστά για κάθε εξεταζόμενο. Η BBS εφαρμόστηκε για δεύτερη φορά σε κάθε εξεταζόμενο, 3 ημέρες μετά από την πρώτη εφαρμογή τους και με τις ίδιες συνθήκες. Από τα αποτελέσματα της παρούσας έρευνας διαπιστώθηκε ότι η εσωτερική συνοχή του BBS τεστ κυμάνθηκε σε υψηλά επίπεδα (Cronbach's α 0.995). Ο συντελεστής εσωτερικής συσχέτισης των επιδόσεων στις δύο μετρήσεις ήταν για το μέσο όρο των μετρήσεων ICC=0.995, ρ
Solar System evolution from compositional mapping of the asteroid belt
Creators: name: DeMeo, Francesca
name: Carry, Benoit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Advances in the discovery and characterization of asteroids over the past decade have revealed an unanticipated underlying structure that points to a dramatic early history of the inner Solar System. The asteroids in the main asteroid belt have been discovered to be more compositionally diverse with size and distance from the Sun than had previously been known. This implies substantial mixing through processes such as planetary migration and the subsequent dynamical processes.
Improving energy efficiency in MANET's for healthcare environments
Creators: name: Abid, Sohail
name: Shafi, Imran
name: Abid, Shahid
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Now a day ad hoc mobile networks (MANETs) have lots of routing protocols, but no one can meet maximum performance. Some are good in a small network; some are suitable in large networks, and some give better performance in location or global networks. Today modern and innovative applications for health care environments based on a wireless network are being developed in the commercial sectors. The emerging wireless networks are rapidly becoming a fundamental part of every single field of life. Our proposed DEERP framework gives a better performance as compared to other routing protocol.
description: 10 pages, 10 figures, International Journal of Mobile Network Communications & Telematics
Moving Bose mixtures with dipole-dipole interactions
Creators: name: Chérifi, Bakhta
name: Boudjemaa, Abdelaali
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the properties of moving uniform dipolar Bose-Bose mixtures using the full Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov theory. The analytical and numerical calculations emphasize that the competition between the relative motion of two fluids and the interspecies dipole-dipole interactions may affect the behavior of the condensed depletion, the anomalous density, the ground-state energy and second-order pair correlation. It is found that in the lower branch of the mixture, these quantities are unimportant and present an unconventional behavior.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
title: Μεταβολές φυσιολογικών παραμέτρων και της κρίσιμης ταχύτητας στη διάρκεια της περιόδου προετοιμασίας σε κολυμβητές υψηλού επιπέδου με κινητικές αναπηρίες
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Πολατίδου, Γεωργία
Publisher: name: University of Thessaly
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: ΚΟΛΥΜΒΗΣΗ -- ΑΤΟΜΑ ΜΕ ΕΙΔΙΚΕΣ ΑΝΑΓΚΕΣ
subject: ΑΙΜΑ -- ΓΑΛΑΚΤΙΚΟ ΟΞΥ

description: Σκοπός της εργασίας ήταν να μελετήσει την επίδραση των προγραμμάτων εξάσκησης κατά την περίοδο προετοιμασίας στην κρίσιμη ταχύτητα, στην καρδιακή συχνότητα και στο γαλακτικό των κολυμβητών υψηλού επιπέδου με κινητικές αναπηρίες. Στη μελέτη συμμετείχαν 6 κολυμβητές της Εθνικής Ομάδας, 2 γυναίκες και 4 άντρες, οι οποίοι ανήκουν στις κατηγορίες S2, S4, S6, S7. Οι μετρήσεις πραγματοποιήθηκαν κατά την 1η, 10η και 16η εβδομάδα. Στην αρχική μέτρηση πραγματοποιήθηκε καταγραφή του χρόνου επίδοσης στα 50, 100 και 200μ. ελεύθερης κολύμβησης μέγιστης έντασης. Από τη σχέση επίδοσης και απόστασης υπολογίστηκε η κρίσιμη ταχύτητα (ΚΤ). Στην απόσταση των 200m με ταχύτητα που αντιστοιχούσε στην ΚΤ, κατεγράφη η καρδιακή συχνότητα και προσδιορίστηκε η συγκέντρωση γαλακτικού στο τέλος της προσπάθειας. Στις άλλες μετρήσεις τηρήθηκε η ίδια διαδικασία με τη διαφορά ότι η καρδιακή συχνότητα κατεγράφη στη διάρκεια και η συγκέντρωση γαλακτικού προσδιορίστηκε στο τέλος της προσπάθειας των 200m όταν οι αθλητές κολύμπησαν με την ΚΤ και της πρώτης μέτρησης. Η ανάλυση των δεδομένων έδειξε σημαντική μείωση (ρ
Transition-metal catalyzed cyclization reactions
Creators: name: Horn, Pedro De Andrade
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2022
Subjects: Natural products and bioactive compounds
Organic chemical synthesis
Organic chemistry not elsewhere classified
Transition metal chemistry

description: A historically important reaction, the Ueno-Stork reaction promotes, through the use of toxic organotin species, the cyclization of a haloacetal onto an alkene generating bicyclic acetals. This reaction has been used over the years in several total syntheses of biologically relevant natural products, especially the prostaglandin class of natural products. Herein, will be described the development of a novel nickel-catalyzed Ueno-Stork cyclization reaction, which no toxic organotin and radical promoters are used, and instead a greener, operationally friendly, and non-toxic earth abundant nickel catalyst is applied. Optimization studies, substrate scope, scalability, relative stereochemistry of the bicyclic acetals, as well as derivatization of the products were studied. Furthermore, the newly developed reaction was applied on the total synthesis of tricyclic-PGDM Methyl ester, a prostaglandin D2 metabolite of important clinical relevance that currently suffers from material supply issues. Cyclopropanol ring opening reactions have different reactivity modes. Either a metal homoenolate species or a b-keto radical species can be formed after ring opening depending on the reaction conditions applied. More specifically, hydroxycyclopropanols have been studied to access several important motifs present in an array of natural products and medicinally important molecules. The Dai group has used this strategy to access several motifs through intramolecular trapping of the homoenolate species with and without the presence of carbon monoxide to generate oxaspirolactones, THF/THP-fused bicyclic lactones, and disubstituted THF/THP heterocycles. Herein, it will be discussed the application of similar concepts to access new classes of heterocycles 4-ketovalerolactones and 3-furanones. The optimization of two reaction conditions to selectively synthesize each product starting from the same starting material was studied. Furthermore, the substrate scope, scale-up, and derivatization studies of each motif will be disclosed.
Multigap RPC time resolution to 511 keV annihilation photons
Creators: name: Belli, G.
name: Gabusi, M.
name: Musitelli, G.
name: Nardò, R.
name: Ratti, S. P.
name: Tamborini, A.
name: Vitulo, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The time resolution of Multigap Resistive Plate Counters (MRPCs) to $511$ keV gamma rays has been investigated using a $^{22}$Na source and four detectors. The MRPCs time resolution has been derived from the Time-of-Flight information, measured from pairs of space correlated triggered events. A GEANT4 simulation has been performed to analyze possible setup contributions and to support experimental results. A time resolution (FWHM) of $376$ ps and $312$ ps has been measured for a single MRPC with four $250$ $μ$m gas gaps by considering respectively one and two independent pairs of detectors.
description: 25 pages, 14 figures
Concurrence triangle induced genuine multipartite entanglement measure
Creators: name: Jin, Zhi-Xiang
name: Tao, Yuan-Hong
name: Gui, Yao-Ting
name: Fei, Shao-Ming
name: Li-Jost, Xianqing
name: Qiao, Cong-Feng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the quantification of genuine multipartite entanglement (GME) for general multipartite states. A set of inequalities satisfied by the entanglement of $N$-partite pure states is derived by exploiting the restrictions on entanglement distributions, showing that the bipartite entanglement between each part and its remaining ones cannot exceed the sum of the other partners with their remaining ones. Then a series of triangles, named concurrence triangles, are established corresponding to these inequalities. Proper genuine multipartite entanglement measures are thus constructed by using the geometric mean area of these concurrence triangles, which are non-increasing under local operation and classical communication. The GME measures classify which parts are separable or entangled with the rest ones for non genuine entangled pure states. The GME measures for mixed states are given via the convex roof construction, and a witness to detect the GME of multipartite mixed states is presented by an approach based on state purifications. Detailed examples are given to illustrate the effectiveness of our GME measures.
“Sinnbildung über Zeiterfahrung” – eine Leerformel?
Creators: name: Sauer, Michael
Publisher: name: M. Sauer, “Sinnbildung über Zeiterfahrung” – eine Leerformel?, «Public history weekly», 2, 2014, n. 4
Year: 2014

description: “Auch in der Geschichtsdidaktik gibt es Formeln, die immer wiederholt werden – Topoi des didaktischen Denkens. Sie finden sich in Aufsätzen akademischer Didaktiker und in Lehrplänen der Bildungsverwaltungen ebenso wie in Arbeiten von Studierenden und in Unterrichtsentwürfen.” So beginnt ein Eintrag vom Oktober 2009 auf der Website von Andreas Körber.1 Zu den angesprochenen Formeln oder Topoi zählt gewiss Jörn Rüsens Wendung von der “Sinnbildung über Zeiterfahrung”. Sie wird – über die eigene Lektüre hinaus vermittelt Google davon einen schnellen Eindruck – an allen möglichen Orten und in allen möglichen Kontexten aufgegriffen, zumeist ohne Nachweis und ohne genauere argumentative Einbettung.
The Brazil-nut effect and its application to asteroids
Creators: name: Matsumura, Soko
name: Richardson, Derek C.
name: Michel, Patrick
name: Schwartz, Stephen R.
name: Ballouz, Ronald-Louis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Out of the handful of asteroids that have been imaged, some have distributions of blocks that are not easily explained. In this paper, we investigate the possibility that seismic shaking leads to the size sorting of particles in asteroids. In particular, we focus on the so-called Brazil Nut Effect (BNE) that separates large particles from small ones under vibrations. We study the BNE over a wide range of parameters by using the N-body code PKDGRAV, and find that the effect is largely insensitive to the coefficients of restitution, but sensitive to friction constants and oscillation speeds. Agreeing with the previous results, we find that convection drives the BNE, where the intruder rises to the top of the particle bed. For the wide-cylinder case, we also observe a "whale" effect, where the intruder follows the convective current and does not stay at the surface. We show that the non-dimensional critical conditions for the BNE agree well with previous studies. We also show that the BNE is scalable for low-gravity environments and that the rise speed of an intruder is proportional to the square root of the gravitational acceleration. Finally, we apply the critical conditions to observed asteroids, and find that the critical oscillation speeds are comparable to the seismic oscillation speeds that are expected from non-destructive impacts.
description: 15 pages, 1 table, 14 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
title: Transformationslücke schließen - Handeln unter Hochdruck : wie Deutschland seine Ziele beim Klima- und Ressourcenschutz noch erreichen kann
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften

description: Deutschland liegt bei Klimaschutz und der langfristigen Sicherung der Energie- und Rohstoffversorgung weit hinter seinen eigenen Zielen. Nur mit Tempo, Mut und Ehrlichkeit lässt sich der Rückstand jetzt aufholen. Dazu gehören ein beschleunigter Ausbau erneuerbarer Energien, ein sofortiger Aufbau eines umfassenden Netzes für grünen Wasserstoff, verbindliche Ziele für eine echte Kreislaufwirtschaft, klare Vorgaben für den Wohnungsbestand, eine ernsthafte Mobilitätswende und wirksame Anreize für eine nachhaltige Produktion. Bei all dem müssen sozial gerechte Lösungen gefunden werden, nur so lässt sich CO2-Vermeidung und Ressourcenschutz in der Breite durchsetzen. Das vorliegende Impulspapier des Wuppertals Instituts zeigt, wie sehr Deutschland auf dem Weg zur Nachhaltigkeit seinen eigenen Zielen hinterherhinkt.