cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Geodia ataxastra var. angustana Von Lendenfeld 1910
Creators: name: Van Soest, Rob W. M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Porifera
Demospongiae
Tetractinellida
Geodiidae
Geodia
Geodia ataxastra
Geodia ataxastra var. angustana von lendenfeld, 1910

description: Geodia ataxastra var. angustana Von Lendenfeld, 1910
(Fig. 5K)
Geodia ataxastra var. angustana Von Lendenfeld, 1910: 79, pl. 43 figs. 9–25, 28–38, pl. 44 figs. 1–12, 14–49.
The variety was described from Perico Island, off the Pacific coast of Panama, Albatross Exped. Stat. 4626, 8.9167°N 79.525°W, shore collecting (wet syntype USNM 8363 and slide). No typical variety has been selected, but of the 8 specimens available under G. ataxastra, 7 were of the var. angustana, which was also first mentioned. Only a single specimen was assigned to the second variety, G. ataxastra var. latana (cf. below). I choose here the present variety as the nominotypical variety to be named G. ataxastra var. ataxastra. Both varieties were from the same locality (Perico Island, Panama). The var. latana differs from ataxastra by having broader cladi of the anatriaenes and small differences in habitus (disc shaped fragment vs. globular shapes) and colour (grey vs. white). Although Von Lendenfeld reported extensively on the two varieties, the differences appear small and in view of the sympatric occurrence I propose to merge the varieties and recognize a single species Geodia ataxastra Von Lendenfeld, 1910.
description: Published as part of Van Soest, Rob W. M., 2024, Correcting sponge names: nomenclatural update of lower taxa level Porifera, pp. 1-122 in Zootaxa 5398 (1) on page 54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5398.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10494167
Enhancement in the antibacterial activity of Rifaximin by delivery through gelatin nanoparticles
Creators: name: Iqbal, Nida
name: Bano, Amber
name: Raja, Daim Asif
name: Raza, Ali
name: Ilyas, Rabia
name: Akhlaq, Rafia
name: Saleem, Imran
name: Ahmed, Ayaz
name: Musharraf, Syed Ghulam
name: Malik, Muhammad Imran
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Bacterial infections are a noteworthy global health concern that necessitates the development of new strategies to enhance the potency and efficacy of antibiotics. Rifaximin (RFX), a broad-spectrum antibiotic, exhibits promising antibacterial activity against several bacterial strains. However, its insolubility and impermeability impede the exploitation of its full potential. The objective of the current study is to overcome the inherent caveats of RFX to exploit its maximum potential. The exploitation of the full potential of antibiotics is necessary for reduction in their dosage and to minimize antibiotic pollution. This is a preliminary study aiming for maximum utilization of RFX at the target site and reduction in its release in unmetabolized form. Gelatin is a biopolymer that has gained significant attention for biomedical applications owing to its inherent biocompatibility and biodegradability. In this study, bovine gelatin nanoparticles (BGNPs) were fabricated by the self-assembly method for their application as a carrier of RFX to enhance its antibacterial activity. The study employs a comprehensive range of experimental techniques to characterize the fabricated BGNPs such as DLS, Zeta Potential, FT-IR, AFM, SEM-EDX, and UV-Vis spectrophotometry. The average size of the fabricated BGNPs was 100 nm with a zeta potential value of −15.3 mV. The loading of RFX on BGNPs rendered an increase in its size to 136 nm with a zeta potential value of −16 mV. In-vitro assays and microscopic analyses were conducted to compare the antibacterial efficacy of RFX and RFX@BGNPs. An excellent loading capacity followed by sustained release of RFX from RFX@BGNPs rendered a significant enhancement in its pharmaceutical efficacy. The release of RFX from RFX@BGNPs followed the Higuchi and Korsmeyer-Peppas models. The antibacterial efficacy of RFX against Staphylococcus aureus has doubled by delivery through RFX@BGNPs, assessed by inhibitory and biofilm inhibitory assays. The enhancement in the antibacterial efficiency was further endorsed by SEM and microscopic imaging of the control and treated bacterial colonies. The study demonstrates an enhancement in the antimicrobial efficacy of RFX by its delivery in the form of RFX@BGNPs to exploit its full potential for practical applications.
Mathematical optimization methods for clustering and classification with biological and medical applications
Creators: name: Chou, Chun-An
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2011

description: The focus of the dissertation is on the development of effective combinatorial optimization  approaches for both large-scale clustering and classification problems in data mining  with high computational complexity by massive biological and medical data.  In the first part, we study an important clustering problem in computational and  population biology, namely sibling reconstruction problem. The problem is mathematically  considered a special case of capacitated clustering problem. A mathematical optimization  model is proposed to establish the sibling relationships (i.e., groups of siblings)  based on the biological concept of combinatorial constraints and similarity likelihood of  genetic data. Both exact and heuristic solution approaches are developed, which enable  the problem to be solved comparably and outperform other existing combinatorial and  statistical approaches significantly.  In the second part, we develop new combinatorial and pattern-based optimization  approaches in the framework of Logical Analysis of Data (LAD) for binary classification.  In the framework, while patterns are the building blocks for the LAD classification  model, a new mathematical optimization model is proposed for generating decisive and  high-quality patterns. Moreover, a column generation framework, where the proposed pattern generation approach is employed, is developed to build an “optimal” LAD classifier  such that the classification accuracy and computational efficiency are improved.  In the third part, we investigate feature selection that has two-fold advantages in  classification problems with massive data: data reduction and noise reduction. First, we  formulate a quadratic program by using statistical information (relevancy and redundancy)  of features as inputs to select critical features that are favorable for classifiers.  Second, we propose a new pattern-based optimization approach using a decomposed  nearest neighbor rule for direct classification. The preliminary results show the potential  for the improvement in data reduction and classification accuracy.
FysikLAB besøg af Hillerød HTX Gymnasium
Creators: name: Hinse, Tobias Cornelius
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: 29 engagerede elever fra 1.d og 2. d fra Hillerød HTX var på besøg på SDU / FKF's FysikLAB og lyttede til exoplaneter.
Cryptocheilus rubellus
Creators: name: Enayatnia, Masoumeh
name: Rakhshani, Ehsan
name: Kroupa, Alexander S.
name: Schmid-Egger, Christian
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Pompilidae
Cryptocheilus
Cryptocheilus rubellus

description: Cryptocheilus rubellus (Eversmann, 1846)
Pompilus rubellus Eversmann, 1846:442.—“Caucaso, in campis australibus provinciae Orenburgensis et in Songoria”.
Distribution in Iran: BUSHEHR (GUSSAKOVSKIJ 1932; WOLF 1970A; EBRAHIMI et al. 2008; WOLF et al. 2009), GOLESTAN (HAUPT 1929A; GUSSAKOVSKIJ 1932; WOLF 1970A; EBRAHIMI et al. 2008; WOLF et al. 2009), HORMOZgAN (WOLF et al. 2009), ISFAHAN (GUSSAKOVSKIJ 1932; WOLF 1970A; EBRAHIMI et al. 2008; WOLF et al. 2009), KHORASAN-E RAZAVI (WOLF et al. 2009), KHORASAN, LORESTAN (GUSSAKOVSKIJ 1932; WOLF 1970A; EBRAHIMI et al. 2008), MAZANDARAN (HAUPT 1929A), NORTH KHORASAN (WOLF 1970A; WOLF et al. 2009); NO LOCALITy CITED (ESMAILI & RASTEgAR 1974; MODARRES AWAL 1997).
description: Published as part of Enayatnia, Masoumeh, Rakhshani, Ehsan, Kroupa, Alexander S. & Schmid-Egger, Christian, 2018, Updated catalogue of Pompilidae (Hymenoptera) in Iran, pp. 451-489 in Zootaxa 4394 (4) on page 475, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4394.4.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1199890
Enhancement in the Antibacterial Activity of Rifaximin by Delivery through Gelatin Nanoparticles
Creators: name: Iqbal, Nida
name: Bano, Amber
name: Raja, Daim Asif
name: Raza, Ali
name: Ilyas, Rabia
name: Akhlaq, Rafia
name: Saleem, Imran
name: Ahmed, Ayaz
name: Musharraf, Syed Ghulam
name: Malik, Muhammad Imran
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Bacterial infections are a noteworthy global health concern that necessitates the development of new strategies to enhance the potency and efficacy of antibiotics. Rifaximin (RFX), a broad-spectrum antibiotic, exhibits promising antibacterial activity against several bacterial strains. However, its insolubility and impermeability impede the exploitation of its full potential. The objective of the current study is to overcome the inherent caveats of RFX in order to exploit its maximum potential. The exploitation of the full potential of antibiotics is necessary for reduction in their dosage and to minimize antibiotic pollution. This is a preliminary study aiming for maximum utilization of RFX at the target site and reduction in its release in unmetabolized form. Gelatin is a biopolymer that has gained significant attention for biomedical applications owing to its inherent biocompatibility and biodegradability. In this study, bovine gelatin nanoparticles (BGNPs) were fabricated by the self-assembly method for their application as a carrier of RFX to enhance its antibacterial activity. The study employs a comprehensive range of experimental techniques to characterize the fabricated BGNPs such as DLS, Zeta Potential, FT-IR, AFM, SEM-EDX, and UV-Vis spectrophotometry. The average size of the fabricated BGNPs was 100 nm with a zeta potential value of -15.3 mV. The loading of RFX on BGNPs rendered an increase in its size to 136 nm with a zeta potential value of -16 mV. In-vitro assays and microscopic analyses were conducted to compare the antibacterial efficacy of RFX and RFX@BGNPs. An excellent loading capacity followed by sustained release of RFX from RFX@BGNPs rendered a significant enhancement in its pharmaceutical efficacy. The release of RFX from RFX@BGNPs followed the Higuchi and Korsmeyer-Peppasmodels. The antibacterial efficacy of RFX against Staphylococcus aureus has doubled by delivery through RFX@BGNPs, assessed by inhibitory and biofilm inhibitory assays. The enhancement in the antibacterial efficiency was further endorsed by SEM and microscopic imaging of the control and treated bacterial colonies. The study demonstrates an enhancement in the antimicrobial efficacy of RFX by its delivery in the form of RFX@BGNPs to exploit its full potential for practical applications.
Geodia ataxastra var. latana Von Lendenfeld 1910
Creators: name: Van Soest, Rob W. M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Porifera
Demospongiae
Tetractinellida
Geodiidae
Geodia
Geodia ataxastra
Geodia ataxastra var. latana von lendenfeld, 1910

description: Geodia ataxastra var. latana Von Lendenfeld, 1910
Geodia ataxastra var. latana Von Lendenfeld, 1910: 79, pl. 43 figs. 26–27, pl. 44 fig. 13.
The variety was described from Perico Island, off the Pacific coast of Panama,Albatross Exped. Stat. 4626, 8.9167°N 79.525°W, shore collecting (dry syntype, but only a single specimen is registered as USNM 8364). As indicated above, the varieties resemble each other sufficiently to consider them the same taxon. The present variety is a junior synonym of Geodia ataxastra Von Lendenfeld, 1910.
description: Published as part of Van Soest, Rob W. M., 2024, Correcting sponge names: nomenclatural update of lower taxa level Porifera, pp. 1-122 in Zootaxa 5398 (1) on page 54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5398.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10494167
Market dynamics in India: analysing interconnections among oil, stocks, gold and forex markets
Creators: name: Arora, Bhuvan
name: Daniel, Joseph
name: Aditya, Anwesha
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: This paper examines the relationship between India’s Stock Market, Forex Market, Oil Market, and Gold Market to capture interdependencies addressing both direct and indirect market linkages. The study provides new insights into the interdependencies of key markets within India, an emerging economic powerhouse and significant oil consumer. For the same, our analysis is divided into two parts. Part 1 is based on daily data, where we explore the long-run relationships from 1st January 2000 to 15th December 2023 among the markets (oil, stock, gold, and forex) using the Vector Error Correction Model. Further, monthly data from January 2000 to December 2023 (Part-2) has been employed to analyse market mechanisms through intermediary variables. We use data from 10 macroeconomic variables: Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE) Prices, INR/USD Exchange Rate, Consumer Price Index, Bank Interest Rate, 91-day Risk-free Government Bond Yield, Global WTI Oil Prices, WTI Futures, National Gold Prices, and India’s and China’s Imports and utilised Simultaneous Equation Models. As a major oil refiner, Indias deepening integration into global economy highligjts its markets' role in shaping international strategies and promoting insights into resilience and interdependencies amid uncertainty. Oil prices (WTI) are positively associated to WTI futures, reflecting the forward-looking nature, while gold shows a weak negative, though statistically insiginificant correlation with WTI, indicating minimal direct impact. This research provides a comprehensive analysis of the interdependencies among India's stock, forex, oil, and gold markets, shedding light on their dynamic relationships and resilience in the context of a rapidly globalizing economy. The findings not only enhance our understanding of market interconnections in one of the world's largest oil consumers but also offer critical insights for policymakers, investors, and global economic strategists navigating uncertainty and volatility in interconnected markets.
Concurrent segmentation of the prostate on MRI and CTvia linked statistical shape models for radiotherapyplanning
Creators: name: Chowdhury, A.K. Najeebullah
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2011

description: Prostate gland segmentation is a critical step in prostate radiotherapy planning, where  dose plans are typically formulated on CT. Pre-treatment MRI is now beginning to be  acquired at several medical centers. Delineation of the prostate on MRI is acknowledged  as being significantly simpler to do compared to CT. In this work, we present  a novel framework for building a linked statistical shape model (LSSM), a statistical  shape model (SSM) that links the shape variation of a structure of interest (SOI)  across multiple imaging modalities. We apply the LSSM in the context of multi-modal  prostate segmentation for radiotherapy planning, where the prostate is concurrently  segmented on MRI and CT. First, we utilize multi-modal registration of MRI and CT  to map 2D boundary delineations of the prostate from MRI onto corresponding CT,  for a set of training studies. Hence, our scheme obviates the need for expert prostate  delineations on CT for explicitly constructing a SSM for prostate CT segmentation  on CT. The delineations of the prostate gland on MRI and CT allows for 3D reconstruction  of the prostate shape which facilitates the building of the LSSM. In order to  perform concurrent prostate MRI and CT segmentation using the LSSM, we employ  a region-based level-set approach where we deform the evolving prostate boundary to  simultaneously fit to MRI and CT images in which voxels are classified to be either  part of the prostate or outside the prostate. The classification is facilitated by using  a combination of MRI-CT probabilistic spatial atlases and a random forest classifier,  driven by gradient and Haar features. We acquire a total of 20 MRI-CT patient studies  and use the leave-one-out strategy to train and evaluate four different LSSMs. Firstly,  a fusion-based LSSM (fLSSM) is built using expert ground truth delineations of the  prostate on MRI alone, where the ground truth for the gland on CT is obtained via coregistration  of the corresponding MRI and CT slices. We compare the fLSSM against  another idealized LSSM (xLSSM), where expert delineations of the gland on both MRI  and CT are employed in the model building. We also compare the fLSSM against a  CT-based SSM (ctSSM), built from expert delineations of the gland on CT alone. In  addition, 2 LSSMs trained using trainee delineations (tLSSM) on CT are compared  with the fLSSM. Our results indicate that the xLSSM, tLSSMs and the fLSSM perform  equivalently, all of them out-performing the ctSSM. The fLSSM provides an accurate  alternative to SSMs that require careful expert delineations of the SOI that may be difficult  or laborious to obtain. Additionally the fLSSM has the added benefit of providing  concurrent segmentations of the SOI on multiple imaging modalities.
Ferric ions crosslinked hyaluronic acid beads: potentials for drug delivery use
Creators: name: Mashaqbeh, Hadeia
name: Obaidat, Rana
name: Rezigue, Meriem
name: Omari, Derar
name: Shakhatreh, Ghyda’a
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biophysics
Biochemistry
Space Science
Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Molecular Biology
Pharmacology
Biotechnology
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Despite the attractive properties of hyaluronic acid (HA), The preparation of HA beads is still challenging. This article reports the preparation of pH-sensitive gel HA beads. The ionic gelation method was used to prepare the HA gel beads using ferric ions. This cross-linking type is based on forming coordination bonds, which enhance the mechanical properties of the prepared beads. The developed beads were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) examined the bead’s morphology. Furthermore, the potential of HA gel beads as an oral drug delivery system was investigated using metformin as a hydrophilic model drug. The entrapment efficiency and in vitro, release, and release kinetics were evaluated. The crosslinking density and HA concentration effect on drug release and bead swelling capacity under pH 1.2 and 7.4 were also investigated. The entrapment efficiency of metformin in HA beads was found to be 79.56 ± 3.89%. FTIR analysis indicated the ionic interaction between ferric ions and the carboxylic groups on the HA molecule. At the same time, there was no substantial interaction between metformin and the polymeric bead. Morphological evaluation and DSC analysis suggested the successful incorporation of metformin within the beads. The in vitro drug release evaluation showed pH-dependent extended release where the release kinetics followed the first-order mathematical model. This study provides a value-added formulation with the potential for drug delivery use, which can be further investigated for biomedical applications.
Geodia hilgendorfi var. granosa Thiele 1898
Creators: name: Van Soest, Rob W. M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Porifera
Demospongiae
Tetractinellida
Geodiidae
Geodia
Geodia hilgendorfi
Geodia hilgendorfi var. granosa thiele, 1898

description: Geodia hilgendorfi var. granosa Thiele, 1898
(Fig. 5L)
Geodia hilgendorfi var. granosa Thiele, 1898: 9, pl. 6 figs. 4i–k.
The variety was described by Thiele from Enoshima, Japan, approximate coordinates 35.28°N 139.48°E, no depth data reported. Two (wet) specimens were collected by Hilgendorf, the third specimen was borrowed from the D̂derlein collection from the Strassbourg Museum. The Museum f̧r Naturkunde in Berlin holds three specimens of Geodia hilgendorfi lacking varietal names, ZMB 952, 2179, and 6664. The name Geodia hilgendorfi is not found among the type specimens listed in the Strassbourg Museum catalogue. It remains to be established which of the extant specimens represents the var. granosa. In Thiele’s description of G. hilgendorfi, the varietal name granosa is cursorily mentioned in the last line (p. 9), and the name appears in the legend of plate 6 as fig. 4i–k (the other spicules drawn in Fig. 4a–h are from the typical variety). The difference with the typical variety is primarily the shape of the oxyasters, thick-centered spheraster-like in the typical variety, longer-rayed, less spheraster-like in the var. granosa. The difference seems small (Thiele himself noted that also) and because the two varieties occurred sympatrically I propose to merge them into a single species Geodia hilgendorfi Thiele, 1898.
description: Published as part of Van Soest, Rob W. M., 2024, Correcting sponge names: nomenclatural update of lower taxa level Porifera, pp. 1-122 in Zootaxa 5398 (1) on page 55, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5398.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10494167
Cryptocheilus variabilis
Creators: name: Enayatnia, Masoumeh
name: Rakhshani, Ehsan
name: Kroupa, Alexander S.
name: Schmid-Egger, Christian
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Pompilidae
Cryptocheilus
Cryptocheilus variabilis

description: Cryptocheilus variabilis (Rossi, 1790)
Sphex variabilis Rossi, 1790:64.
Distribution in Iran: GOLESTAN (EBRAHIMI et al. 2008; WOLF et al. 2009— AS Cryptocheilus variabilis variabilis), MAZANDARAN (HAUPT 1929A—AS Cryptocheilus decemguttatus JURINE, 1807; HAUPT 1929A—AS Psammochares consobrinus (DAHLBOM, 1843); WOLF 1977 — AS Psammochares consobrinus; WOLF et al. 2009— AS Cryptocheilus variabilis variabilis; AMIRESMAILI et al. 2011; AMIRESMAILI & BARARI 2012), NORTH KHORASAN (WOLF et al. 2009— AS Cryptocheilus variabilis variabilis); NO LOCALITy CITED (RADOSZKOWSKI 1888A—AS Salius costae RADOSZKOWSKI, 1888A; WOLF 1971 — AS Cryptocheilus decemguttatus (JURINE, 1807)).
description: Published as part of Enayatnia, Masoumeh, Rakhshani, Ehsan, Kroupa, Alexander S. & Schmid-Egger, Christian, 2018, Updated catalogue of Pompilidae (Hymenoptera) in Iran, pp. 451-489 in Zootaxa 4394 (4) on page 476, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4394.4.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1199890
Understanding financial networks through minority game
Creators: name: D'Souza, Savio Jude
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2011

description: The recent financial crisis has highlighted the fact that financial systems are complex in nature and understanding financial systems is not a trivial task. One of the major factors that contribute to the complexity of financial systems is the presence of  human traders in these systems. Also, the interaction between these human traders leads to traders getting influenced by other trader’ decisions and thus adding another layer of complexity. It has been observed that, social interactions among traders form a social network that influences economic decisions made by these traders. This has lead to a study of a new branch of economics namely “social economics” which takes into consideration the fact that traders are influenced by their social circle. “Social economics” is gaining popularity because the study of psychological aspects of human behavior is able to enhance the modeling of economic models especially the allocation of resources. W.B. Arthur introduced the El Farol Bar Problem in 1994, which shows how agents with bounded rationality and no interaction can show emergent behavior. The Minority game is a variant of the El Farol Bar Problem and it basically shows  how agents  collectively behave in an ideal situation while competing, by means of adaptation, for a scarce resource even without interacting with each other. In order to extract more characteristics of financial markets from the Minority Game, we modify it by introducing communication among the agents, thereby letting them get influenced by each other’s decisions. We aim to observer herding phenomena as agents are likely to take actions similar to that of their neighbors. Financial markets are quite dynamic in nature and the interacting traders form a network whose topology dynamically evolves. We study the effect on the network topology due to dynamic updates of  the link weights of a financial network. We start with two initial network topologies namely a torus network and a random network. We also observe herding phenomenon among the agents. The degree distribution of the nodes of this financial network is fat-tailed, which is characteristic of a network that is robust against random fluctuations.
Allene cycloisomerization, epoxidation, and applications in total synthesis
Creators: name: Cusick, Joseph Ryan
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2011

description: Disclosed are studies on the structure and reactivity of allenes and spirodiepoxides (SDEs) and their application to synthesis.  A novel ruthenium promoted cycloisomerization of γ-enallenes to cyclopentenes was discovered.  The effects of solvent, oxidant, and substrate structure on the stereoselectivity of SDE formation from 1,3-disubstituted and trisubstituted allenes were evaluated.  A computational model was advanced for the rationalization of observed selectivity in such formations.  The known acid instability of SDEs was exploited to effect a designed rearrangement of β-silyl SDE to an α-hydroxy enone.  Silyl-substituted SDEs were utilized to give carbinol substituted heterocycles with excellent ee, α-hydroxy enones, as well as α,β-dihydroxy olefins.  A silyl-SDE approach was used to accomplish a short and efficient total synthesis of the natural product, epi-citreodiol.  A de novo synthesis of the anticancer natural product jaspine B was also achieved using a SDE-based approach.
Microfluidic device for dissociation of human tumor tissue and detection of cancer stem cells
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: Microfluidics; Tumor dissociation; Single cell analysis; Aldehyde dehydrogenase-1; Cancer stem cells; Endothelial progenitors
Ferric Ions Crosslinked Hyaluronic Acid Beads: Potentials for Drug Delivery Use
Creators: name: Mashaqbeh, Hadeia
name: Obaidat, Rana
name: Rezigue, Meriem
name: Omari, Derar
name: Shakhatreh, Ghyda’a
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biophysics
Biochemistry
Space Science
Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Molecular Biology
Pharmacology
Biotechnology
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Introduction and purpose: Despite the attractive properties of hyaluronic acid (HA), The preparation of HA beads is still challenging. This article reports the preparation of pH-sensitive gel HA beads. The ionic gelation method was used to prepare the HA gel beads using ferric ions. This cross-linking type is based on forming coordination bonds, which enhance the mechanical properties of the prepared beads. Methods: The developed beads were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) examined the bead's morphology. Furthermore, the potential of HA gel beads as an oral drug delivery system was investigated using metformin as a hydrophilic model drug. The entrapment efficiency and in vitro, release, and release kinetics were evaluated. The crosslinking density and HA concentration effect on drug release and bead swelling capacity under pH 1.2 and 7.4 were also investigated. Results: The entrapment efficiency of metformin in HA beads was found to be 79.56 ± 3.89%. FTIR analysis indicated the ionic interaction between ferric ions and the carboxylic groups on the HA molecule. At the same time, there was no substantial interaction between metformin and the polymeric bead. Morphological evaluation and DSC analysis suggested the successful incorporation of metformin within the beads. The in vitro drug release evaluation showed pH-dependent extended release where the release kinetics followed the first-order mathematical model. Conclusions: This study provides a value-added formulation with the potential for drug delivery use, which can be further investigated for biomedical applications.
Geodia hilgendorfi var. typica Von Lendenfeld 1910
Creators: name: Van Soest, Rob W. M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Porifera
Demospongiae
Tetractinellida
Geodiidae
Geodia
Geodia hilgendorfi
Geodia hilgendorfi var. typica von lendenfeld, 1910

description: Geodia hilgendorfi var. typica Von Lendenfeld, 1910
Geodia hilgendorfi var. typica Von Lendenfeld, 1910: 237.
The variety was erected by Von Lendenfeld for Thiele’s nominotypical variety of Geodia hilgendorfi Thiele (1898: 8, pl. 1 fig. 4, pl. 6 figs. 4a–h). As Thiele described the var. granosa of G. hilgendorfi he automatically created the nominotypical variety without formally naming it. The nominotypical variety has to be named identical to the species name (ICZN art. 47.1), in the present case G. hilgendorfi var. hilgendorfi. Von Lendenfeld named it var. typica, but this becomes a junior synonym of the species Geodia hilgendorfi Thiele, 1898.
description: Published as part of Van Soest, Rob W. M., 2024, Correcting sponge names: nomenclatural update of lower taxa level Porifera, pp. 1-122 in Zootaxa 5398 (1) on page 55, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5398.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10494167
Aging Resilient Digital IC Design
Creators: name: University Of California Office Of The President
Publisher: name: University of California Office of the President
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/00dmfq477
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: The semiconductor industry is at a critical crossroads--due to the "aging" problems related to the miniaturization (or scaling) of the transistors. As transistors continue to be scaled, they become increasingly susceptible to aging, which causes steady degradation of their electrical characteristics resulting in functional failures. At present, there is no cost-effective technique in the literature that can sense such aging and then provide ways to lower their impact on digital circuits that are widely used in most electronic products including microprocessors. In this project, a novel cost-effective design technique for early detection of aging as well as for alleviating their impact on digital circuits will be developed.
Power and surveillance in YouTube's digital neighborhood
Creators: name: Crick, Matthew Ryan
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2011

description: Power and Surveillance in YouTube’s Digital Neighborhood:  A Case Study of College Students in the Bronx explores classic issues of power, surveillance and media use in the social-networking site YouTube. As articulated in its Empirical Model, this exploratory study utilizes a Cultural Studies approach and a Uses and Gratifications framework. These perspectives form the theoretical foundation for the research plan and mixed-method qualitative and quantitative research strategies structure the research protocol. Focus groups and a widely distributed survey were used to gather and analyze the raw data. In the Bronx YouTube study, the researcher posed the following research questions: ―What does posting on YouTube mean to users, ―Why or why don’t users post on YouTube, ―Do systems of power and surveillance operate within the YouTube digital neighborhood and if so, how do they operate and are users aware of them, and finally ―How does YouTube differ from other social networking sites? The study results indicate some potential areas for further research in terms of attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors.  For instance, study participants were concerned about the privacy of their email address and financial information yet did not participate much in uploading videos themselves, nor were they concerned about gender, race, or education when correlated with YouTube DV’s.  Study participants did, however, actively comment on other people’s videos and communicated with people they knew in real life (IRL) through YouTube’s SNS features. Study participants also expressed high-levels of concern about the collection and selling of their financial and email information by YouTube and its affiliates. Of particular note, the research results indicate that the Bronx YouTube study participants were aware of many online surveillance techniques utilized by YouTube, LLC and Google, actively protected themselves while in YouTube from that surveillance and even sought out specific ways to circumvent surveillance and seek opportunities to further their own personal or professional goals.
Geodia (Isops) ovifractus var. cyathioides Burton 1926
Creators: name: Van Soest, Rob W. M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Porifera
Demospongiae
Tetractinellida
Geodiidae
Geodia
Geodia ovifractus
Geodia (isops) ovifractus var. cyathioides burton, 1926

description: Geodia (Isops) ovifractus var. cyathioides Burton, 1926
Geodia (Isops) ovifractus var. cyathioides Burton, 1926: 18 (no illustration).
This variety was described by Burton from the coast of Natal, South Africa (no further data). The dried holotype specimen BMNH 1924.5.1.74 (with slide 1924.5.1.106), differs from the typical variety G. (I.) ovifractus Burton (1926: 17, also from South Africa, off the Natal coast, collected by South African Marine Survey Stat. 109, 29.7367°S 31.3458°E, depth 91 m, dried syntypes BMNH 1924.5.1.45–46) only in shape: the typical variety (a photo is provided in Burton 1926: pl. 3 fig. 1) is pear-shaped with its thinnest part near the substratum. The oscules are located on the broadest upper part and are slightly raised. The var. cyathioides (not illustrated) is stated to be cup-shaped, with oscules on the inner wall of the cup, flush with the surface. Spicule complement of both varieties is stated to be the same, including peculiar centrotylote flexible microxeas (only those of the typical variety are drawn in Burton 1926: pl. 4 fig. 2).This latter feature, the fact that shapes of the two varieties are not dramatically different (a stalked ‘pear’ can be easily transformed to a shallow cup, depending on environmental circumstances), and that both are from nearby localities make it likely that the varieties are not specifically distinct. Accordingly, I propose to merge the var. cyathioides with the typical variety and consider them a single species Geodia ovifractus Burton, 1926.
description: Published as part of Van Soest, Rob W. M., 2024, Correcting sponge names: nomenclatural update of lower taxa level Porifera, pp. 1-122 in Zootaxa 5398 (1) on page 55, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5398.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10494167
Cryptocheilus versicolor
Creators: name: Enayatnia, Masoumeh
name: Rakhshani, Ehsan
name: Kroupa, Alexander S.
name: Schmid-Egger, Christian
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Pompilidae
Cryptocheilus
Cryptocheilus versicolor

description: Cryptocheilus versicolor (Scopoli, 1763)
Sphex versicolor Scopoli, 1763:295.
Distribution in Iran: ARDABIL, GOLESTAN (EBRAHIMI et al. 2008), MAZANDARAN (HAUPT 1929A; EBRAHIMI et al. 2008; WOLF et al. 2009— AS Cryptocheilus versicolor atripes HAUPT, 1934; AMIRESMAILI et al. 2010A, B, 2011; AMIRESMAILI & BARARI 2012).
description: Published as part of Enayatnia, Masoumeh, Rakhshani, Ehsan, Kroupa, Alexander S. & Schmid-Egger, Christian, 2018, Updated catalogue of Pompilidae (Hymenoptera) in Iran, pp. 451-489 in Zootaxa 4394 (4) on page 476, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4394.4.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1199890
Geodia japonica var. spherulifera Wilson 1925
Creators: name: Van Soest, Rob W. M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Porifera
Demospongiae
Tetractinellida
Geodiidae
Geodia
Geodia japonica
Geodia japonica var. spherulifera wilson, 1925

description: Geodia japonica var. spherulifera Wilson, 1925
(Fig. 5M)
Geodia japonica var. spherulifera Wilson, 1925: 317, pl. 38 fig. 1.
The variety was described by Wilson from Palawan Island, North Balabac Strait, Bugsuk Island, Albatross Exped. 5355, 8.1361°N 117.321°E, depth 80 m (wet holotype USNM 21266). The main difference of the variety with the typical variety from Japan described by Sollas (1888: 256 as Cydonium japonicum, dried holotype BMNH 1894.7.6.5, probably from Sagami Bay, but no further locality data) is the habitus, which is a large cup in Sollas’ specimen whereas the var. spherulifera is small and globular with a central depression. Other authors reporting specimens of G. japonica described various shapes, including small and globular (e.g. Alaskan specimens of Lehnert & Stone 2016: Fig. 2a). There are discrepancies in the spiculation between the varieties, e.g. Sollas does not mention mesotriaene spicules in his type description, found in modest quantities in Wilson’s material (called ‘promesotriaenes’ by Wilson, but likely to be orthomesotriaenes). Other authors describing G. japonica, Thiele (1898: 7), Von Lendenfeld (1903: 111), and Sim (1982: 2) likewise did not mention mesotriaenes, but Von Lendenfeld (1910: 235) and Lehnert & Stone (2016: 366) do report them. Sphere-like cortical ‘pycnasters’ in Japanese specimens of G. japonica appear comparable to the small cortical strongylasters reported for Wilson’s variety. Lehnert & Stone (2016: Table 2) compared the various G. japonica descriptions but omitted to include the var. spherulifera.
The conclusion is that Sollas’ description is likely incomplete making the distinction with the present variety and identifications of subsequent authors uncertain. I propose to merge for the time being the varieties into a single wide-spread species Geodia japonica (Sollas, 1888) (Alaska, Korea, Japan, Philippines).
description: Published as part of Van Soest, Rob W. M., 2024, Correcting sponge names: nomenclatural update of lower taxa level Porifera, pp. 1-122 in Zootaxa 5398 (1) on pages 55-56, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5398.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10494167
The reanimation of the Pirandellian protagonist
Creators: name: Costanzo, Samantha Mary
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2011

description: My analysis demonstrates Luigi Pirandello’s application of spiritual modes of thought ranging from Eastern mysticism to the modern Western movements of Theosophy, Spiritualism and Parapsychology. Using Antonio Illiano’s seminal work, Metapsichica e letteratura in Pirandello (Metapsychics and Literature in Pirandello) as a point of departure, my research incorporates the various philosophical, scientific and spiritual frameworks Pirandello utilized to describe the psychological and spiritual crisis pervading man’s experience in the modern world. One of the most interesting facets of my research on Pirandello’s spiritual approach is the unequivocal parallel with Hinduism and Buddhism.     Very few Pirandello scholars address the spiritual essence that encompasses Pirandello’s entire collection. This is surprising considering the author’s ingenuous admission of the fundamental role of the spirit in the genesis of his artistic creation as well as the explicit presence of spiritual elements that pervade his aesthetic theories and fictional stories. This dissertation contributes to the limited scholarship of this nature and aims to stimulate further discussion regarding the connection between Pirandello’s work and Buddhism.     The historical research and close analysis of the selected texts in this dissertation provide ample evidence that beyond being an index of Pirandello’s fluency with current, cultural, scientific, and spiritual trends, these systems of thought provide the very scaffolding on which Pirandello’s works are constructed. This discourse allows the reader a deeper understanding of the spiritual evolution of the Pirandellian protagonist and offers insight to the author’s artistic process as guided by the spirited imagination, substantiating my claim that Pirandello’s oeuvre must be read through a spiritual lens.
Design of a biologically-mediated manganese removal system with ultrafiltration membranes
Creators: name: Correa, Carlos Andres
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2011

description: The purpose of this thesis is to propose an innovative system to integrate biologicallycatalyzed  oxidation of manganese with ultrafiltration membranes for drinking water  treatment. The published literature dealing specifically with biological processes in  membrane filtration systems is very limited. The literature review is divided into two  related subthemes. The first part of the literature review concentrates on recent  advances in biologically-mediated oxidation of manganese, while the second addresses  the necessary conditions to operate a membrane filtration system including how  biofouling can affect performance.  Manganese in drinking water causes taste and odor problems as well as other nuisance  problems such as discoloration of laundry and staining of fixtures. Manganese can also  cause severe corrosion problems. Biological manganese oxidation is currently being  explored and evaluated by different researchers and institutions such as the American  Water Works Association (AWWA) and the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).  iii  Chlorine oxidation of manganese has become increasingly problematic due to the EPA  rule on disinfectant byproducts (DBP), making it necessary to find alternative processes.  Biologically-catalyzed oxidation of manganese is still not fully understood and a  standardized process that can be deployed to treat waters with high concentrations of  manganese has yet to be developed. It is thus necessary to build a pilot system that can  later be scaled up for field application.  Based on findings from studies by other researchers, a full-scale system was designed  based on a 2 million gallon per day (MGD) flow rate in order to understand the footprint  such a system would have compared to a traditional water treatment plant. A pilot-scale  system was designed based on the full-scale system in order to provide a basis for  possible further research and laboratory testing of the system. The pilot-scale design  shows that it is possible to build a biologically-catalyzed manganese removal treatment  system integrated with ultrafiltration membranes with a relatively small footprint.  However, the design presented here is based on many presumptions that remain to be  confirmed once the pilot-scale system is built. With the data from the pilot-scale systems,  adjustments can be made to the system for eventual field implementation.
Cryptocheilus freygessneri
Creators: name: Enayatnia, Masoumeh
name: Rakhshani, Ehsan
name: Kroupa, Alexander S.
name: Schmid-Egger, Christian
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Pompilidae
Cryptocheilus
Cryptocheilus freygessneri

description: Cryptocheilus freygessneri (Kohl, 1883)
Priocnemis freygessneri Kohl, 1883:183, ♀.
Distribution in Iran: WEST AZERBAIJAN (GHAHARI et al. 2016), MAZANDARAN (HAUPT 1929A—AS Cryptochilus crenulatus HAUPT, 1929A).
description: Published as part of Enayatnia, Masoumeh, Rakhshani, Ehsan, Kroupa, Alexander S. & Schmid-Egger, Christian, 2018, Updated catalogue of Pompilidae (Hymenoptera) in Iran, pp. 451-489 in Zootaxa 4394 (4) on page 476, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4394.4.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1199890
Ophiurinidae Gregory 1897
Creators: name: Stöhr, Sabine
name: Hugall, Andrew F.
name: Thuy, Ben
name: Martynov, Alexander
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Echinodermata
Ophiuroidea
Ophiurida

description: Suborder Ophiodermatina Ljungman, 1867
Diagnosis
Abradial edge of radial shield excavated. Abradial genital plate with a longitudinal groove and a large perforation. Arm spines commonly with minute scale-like tubercles. Dorsal arm plates with spur on the proximal edge.
description: Published as part of Stöhr, Sabine, Hugall, Andrew F., Thuy, Ben & Martynov, Alexander, 2018, Morphological diagnoses of higher taxa in Ophiuroidea (Echinodermata) in support of a new classification, pp. 1-35 in European Journal of Taxonomy 416 on page 14, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2018.416, http://zenodo.org/record/3806109
title: Espino Amarillo :
title: Directrices para la ejecución del examen de la distinción, la homogeneidad y la estabilidad.
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: International Union For The Protection Of New Varieties Of Plants,
Publisher: name: International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants,
Year: 0
Subjects: Plants
New Varieties of Plants
Common Sea Buckthorn

description: La finalidad de estas directrices (“directrices de examen”) es elaborar los principios que figuran en la Introducción General (documento TG/1/3) y sus documentos TGP conexos, con objeto de que sirvan de orientación práctica y detallada para el examen armonizado de la distinción, homogeneidad y estabilidad (DHE) y en particular, para identificar los caracteres apropiados para el examen DHE y producir descripciones armonizadas de variedades.
Earthly encounters
Creators: name: Clare, Stephanie Deborah
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2011

description: This dissertation draws out a point of resonance between Frantz Fanon’s and Luce Irigaray’ philosophies: Fanon and Irigaray demonstrate how the philosophy of difference– be it racial and/or sexual difference – and the philosophy of power relations – be it the analysis of patriarchy and/or colonialism – not only bring attention to racialized and gendered others, they also bring attention to land and the earth. In both authors’ works, abstract, homogenous empty space comes to the foreground, filled with the matter thatconstitutes it: earth, air, and land. The dissertation draws on Fanon’s and Irigaray’s treatment of space to reconsider central concepts that circulate in poststructuralist feminist thought: power, discourse, interiority, subjectivity, and sexuality. I read theseconcepts within the context of Canadian settler colonialism to foreground the politics of space. Most centrally, I argue that alongside the forms of power Michel Foucault analyzed at length exists another form of power, geopower, the force relations that transform the earth. I describe geopower through an analysis of the construction of the Canadian Pacific Railroad. Ultimately, “Earthly Encounters” contributes to feminist, antiracist thought by bringing attention not simply to sexual or racial difference but also to the material differences that make up our world: animal, plant, and mineral.