cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Spinal Cord Lesions - MRI features In Correlation with Clinical and Lab Findings
Creators: name: Sajid, Sadia
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: CNS
subject: Head and neck
subject: Neuroradiology spine
subject: MR
subject: PACS
subject: RIS
subject: Education
subject: History
subject: Imaging sequences
subject: Education and training
subject: Epidemiology
subject: Pathology

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: 1- To demonstrate various intramedullry spinal cord lesions based on causes and pathophysiology. 2- To understand MRI features of intramedullary spinal cord lesions and correlation with the clinical history. 3. To high light specific differentiating...
Need for an External Proficiency Testing Program for Cytokines, Chemokines, and Plasma Markers of Immune Activation
Creators: name: Schmitz, John L.
name: Reuben, James
name: Fahey, John L.
name: Nokta, Mustafa
name: Wara, Diane W.
name: Seigel, Joan
name: Schooley, Robert
name: Plaeger, Susan
name: Akridge, Robert
name: Asthana, Deshratn
name: Shearer, William T.
name: Cutili, Joie
name: Spritzler, John
name: Douglas, Steven D.
name: Nishanian, Parunag
name: Lathey, Janet L.
name: Mizrachi, Yaffa
name: Waxdal, Myron
name: Polland, Richard
name: Aziz, Najib
name: Kilarui, Rakhi
name: White, Carmen
name: Landay, Alan L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2000

description: An external evaluation program for measuring the performance of laboratories testing for cytokines and immune activation markers in biological fluids was developed. Cytokines, chemokines, soluble cytokine receptors, and other soluble markers of immune activation (CSM) were measured in plasma from a healthy human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-seronegative reference population and from HIV-seropositive individuals as well as in supernatant fluids from in vitro-stimulated human immune cells. The 14 components measured were tumor necrosis factor (TNF) alpha, gamma interferon, interleukin-1 (IL-1), IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, Rantes, MIP-Ia, MIP-Iβ, soluble TNF receptor II, soluble IL-2 receptor alpha, β2-microglobulin, and neopterin. Twelve laboratories associated with the Adult and Pediatric AIDS Clinical Trial Groups participated in the study. The performance features that were evaluated included intralaboratory variability, interlaboratory variability, comparison of reagent sources, and ability to detect CSM in the plasma of normal subjects as well as the changes occurring in disease. The principal findings were as follows: (i) on initial testing, i.e., before participating in the program, laboratories frequently differed markedly in their analytic results; (ii) the quality of testing of a CSM in individual participating laboratories could be assessed; (iii) most commercial kits allowed distinction between normal and abnormal plasma CSM levels and between supernatants of stimulated and unstimulated cells; (iv) different sources of reagents and reference standards frequently provided different absolute values; (v) inexperienced laboratories can benefit from participating in the program; (vi) laboratory performance improved during active participation in the program; and (vii) comparability between analyses conducted at different sites can be ensured by an external proficiency testing program.
title: The many faces and places of leiomyosarcoma
Creators: name: Prieto García, Blanca
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: Arteries / Aorta
subject: Genital / Reproductive system female
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: Neoplasia

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: Describe imaging findings this entity, review the main locations where it can be found and help the radiologist in order to establish an appropriate differential...
title: Radiology in the prosthetic treatment of the hip after osteosynthesis failures
Creators: name: barra, angelo
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Musculoskeletal bone
subject: Musculoskeletal joint
subject: CT
subject: Digital radiography
subject: Image manipulation / Reconstruction
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Efficacy studies
subject: Outcomes analysis
subject: Osteoporosis
subject: Outcomes
subject: Trauma

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: The purpose of this study is to compare the two radiographic imaging techniques (ct and radiographs) for the planning with pre-operative planning (including post processing measurement on the images ) in cases of failure of synthesis of trochanteric...
Spectral theorems for random walks on mapping class groups and $\text{Out}(F_N)$
Creators: name: Dahmani, François
name: Horbez, Camille
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We establish spectral theorems for random walks on mapping class groups of connected, closed, oriented, hyperbolic surfaces, and on $\text{Out}(F_N)$. In both cases, we relate the asymptotics of the stretching factor of the diffeomorphism/automorphism obtained at time $n$ of the random walk to the Lyapunov exponent of the walk, which gives the typical growth rate of the length of a curve -- or of a conjugacy class in $F_N$ -- under a random product of diffeomorphisms/automorphisms. In the mapping class group case, we first observe that the drift of the random walk in the curve complex is also equal to the linear growth rate of the translation lengths in this complex. By using a contraction property of typical Teichmüller geodesics, we then lift the above fact to the realization of the random walk on the Teichmüller space. For the case of $\text{Out}(F_N)$, we follow the same procedure with the free factor complex in place of the curve complex, and the outer space in place of the Teichmüller space. A general criterion is given for making the lifting argument possible.
description: 45 pages, 3 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1506.07244
(401286) Emily Annie Sykes
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
title: Common and Uncommon Pediatric Posterior Fossa Tumors: A Guide to Remember
Creators: name: Sanjaya, Irfan
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: CNS
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: Paediatric
subject: MR
subject: MR-Spectroscopy
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: Cancer

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: To review common and uncommon pediatric posterior fossa tumors as a practical approach to achieve a correct...
Strong anharmonicity induces quantum melting of charge density wave in 2H-NbSe$\_2$ under pressure
Creators: name: Leroux, Maxime
name: Errea, Ion
name: Tacon, Mathieu Le
name: Souliou, Sofia-Michaela
name: Garbarino, Gaston
name: Cario, Laurent
name: Bosak, Alexey
name: Mauri, Francesco
name: Calandra, Matteo
name: Rodière, Pierre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The interplay between charge density wave (CDW) order and superconductivity has attracted much attention. This is the central issue of along standing debate in simple transition metal dichalcogenides without strong electronic correlations, such as 2H-NbSe$\_2$, in which twosuch phases coexist. The importance of anisotropic electron-phonon interaction has been recently highlighted from both theoretical and experimental point of view, and explains some of the key features of the formation of the CDW in this system. On the other hand, other aspects, such as the effects of anharmonicity, remain poorly understood despite their manifest importance in such soft-phonon driven phase transition. At the theoretical level in particular, their prohibitive computational price usually prevents their investigation within conventional perturbative approaches.Here, we address this issue using a combination of high resolution inelastic X-ray scattering measurements of the phonon dispersion, as afunction of temperature and pressure, with state of the art ab initio calculations. By explicitly taking into account anharmonic effects, we obtain an accurate, quantitative, description of the (P,T) dependence of the phonon spectrum, accounting for the rapid destruction of the CDW under pressure by zero mode vibrations - or quantum fluctuations - of the lattice. The low-energy longitudinal acoustic mode that drives the CDW transition barely contributes to superconductivity, explaining the insensitivity of the superconducting critical temperature to the CDW transition.
METHODOLOGY TO CHARACTERIZE THERMO-OPTICS
Creators: name: Feugnet, Gilles
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: thermo-optics
photonics

description: This document aims at summarizing the characterization method that was developed in ELENA project. In this project, different partners characterize the same building blocks and they had to define common characterization and analysis methods.

 

The information, documentation and figures in this document are written by the ELENA consortium under EC grant agreement no. 101016138 and do not necessarily reflect the views of the European Commission. The European Commission is not liable for any use that may be made of the information contained herein.
Propagating Disturbances along fan-like coronal loops in an active region
Creators: name: Mandal, S.
name: Samanta, T.
name: Banerjee, D.
name: Prasad, S. Krishna
name: Teriaca, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Propagating disturbances are often observed in active region fan-like coronal loops. They were thought to be due to slow mode MHD waves based on some of the observed properties. But the recent studies involving spectroscopy indicate that they could be due to high speed quasi-periodic upflows which are difficult to distinguish from upward propagating slow waves. In this context, we have studied a fan loop structure in the active region AR 11465 using simultaneous spectroscopic and imaging observations from Extreme-ultraviolet Imaging Spectrometer (EIS) on board Hinode and Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) on board SDO. Analysis of the data shows significant oscillations at different locations. We explore the variations in different line parameters to determine whether the waves or flows could cause these oscillations to improve the current understanding on the nature of these disturbances.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures. Accepted for publication in RAA
title: Synthesizing T2-weighted breast MRI using T1-weighted breast MRI by pixel to pixel generative adversarial networks to overcome the challenge of obtaining multi-sequence MRI
Creators: name: Zhang, Tianyu
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Breast
subject: MR physics
subject: Ultrasound physics
subject: Mammography
subject: MR
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Biopsy
subject: CAD
subject: Physics
subject: Calcifications / Calculi
subject: Cancer
subject: Pathology

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: Breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a highly sensitive imaging modality for breast cancer detection, characterization and diagnosis. Different sequences of MRI can capture the specific features of breast lesions. Repeated T1-weighted imaging...
Monitoring Proteinase 3 Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibodies for Detection of Relapses in Small Vessel Vasculitis
Creators: name: Falk, Ronald J.
name: Phillips, Brian D.
name: Segelmark, Mårten
name: Hogan, Susan L.
name: Jennette, J. Charles
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2003

description: The clinical usefulness of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCAs) in the monitoring of patients treated for small vessel vasculitis is debated. A capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) based on anti-proteinase 3 (anti-PR3) monoclonal antibody 4A3 has previously been proven to be superior to indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) and standard ELISA for the diagnosis of vasculitis. The present study compared the effectiveness of the capture ELISA for the detection of disease relapse. Samples from patients with relapses and remissions (relapse and remission samples, respectively) were identified through the database of the Glomerular Disease Collaborate Network. Twenty-one relapse samples and 49 remission samples were analyzed by the capture PR3-ANCA ELISA from Wieslab AB, the standard PR3-ANCA ELISA from Inova, and IIF. A Medline search was performed to identify published data on ANCA status at relapse. The capture ELISA was positive for 21 instances of relapses in 14 patients, while the standard ELISA and IIF each failed to detect 2 relapses (P was not significant). By using a higher cutoff value, the capture ELISA correctly categorized 84% of the remission samples and 81% of the relapse samples. Similar degrees of discrimination could be achieved by IIF but not by the standard ELISA. In previously published series, the median proportions of patients positive at relapse were 100% by IIF (range, 75 to 100%) and 86% by standard ELISA (range, 38 to 100%). The corresponding values for a rise that accompanied or preceded a relapse were 75% (range, 20 to 100%) for IIF and 50% (range, 25 to 81%) for ELISA. The capture PR3-ANCA ELISA is a sensitive tool for the detection of relapses. Larger studies are needed to detect differences between methods. Negative results by tests for ANCAs are rare during relapses.
Space-based Aperture Array For Ultra-Long Wavelength Radio Astronomy
Creators: name: Rajan, Raj Thilak
name: Boonstra, Albert-Jan
name: Bentum, Mark
name: Klein-Wolt, Marc
name: Belien, Frederik
name: Arts, Michel
name: Saks, Noah
name: van der Veen, Alle-Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The past decade has seen the rise of various radio astronomy arrays, particularly for low-frequency observations below 100MHz. These developments have been primarily driven by interesting and fundamental scientific questions, such as studying the dark ages and epoch of re-ionization, by detecting the highly red-shifted 21cm line emission. However, Earth-based radio astronomy below frequencies of 30MHz is severely restricted due to man-made interference, ionospheric distortion and almost complete non-transparency of the ionosphere below 10MHz. Therefore, this narrow spectral band remains possibly the last unexplored frequency range in radio astronomy. A straightforward solution to study the universe at these frequencies is to deploy a space-based antenna array far away from Earths' ionosphere. Various studies in the past were principally limited by technology and computing resources, however current processing and communication trends indicate otherwise. We briefly present the achievable science cases, and discuss the system design for selected scenarios, such as extra-galactic surveys. An extensive discussion is presented on various sub-systems of the potential satellite array, such as radio astronomical antenna design, the on-board signal processing, communication architectures and joint space-time estimation of the satellite network. In light of a scalable array and to avert single point of failure, we propose both centralized and distributed solutions for the ULW space-based array. We highlight the benefits of various deployment locations and summarize the technological challenges for future space-based radio arrays.
description: Submitted
(401287) Thomas Henry Farrar
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
High-intracavity-power thin-disk laser for the alignment of molecules
Creators: name: Deppe, Bastian
name: Huber, Günter
name: Kränkel, Christian
name: Küpper, Jochen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a novel approach for strong alignment of gas-phase molecules for experiments at arbitrary repetition rates. A high-intracavity-power continuous-wave laser will provide the necessary ac electric field of $\!10^{10}$- $10^{11}~\text{W}/\text{cm}^2$. We demonstrate thin-disk lasers based on Yb:YAG and Yb:Lu$_2$O$_3$ in a linear high-finesse resonator providing intracavity power levels in excess of 100~kW at pump power levels on the order of 50~W. The multi-longitudinal-mode operation of this laser avoids spatial-hole burning even in a linear standing-wave resonator. The system will be scaled up as in-vacuum system to allow for the generation of fields of $10^{11}~\text{W}/\text{cm}^2$. This system will be directly applicable for experiments at modern X-ray light sources, such as synchrotrons or free-electron lasers, which operate at various very high repetition rates. This would allow to record molecular movies through temporally resolved diffractive imaging of fixed-in-space molecules, as well as the spectroscopic investigation of combined X-ray-NIR strong-field effects of atomic and molecular systems.
Diagnosis of Norwalk Virus Infection by Indirect Enzyme Immunoassay Detection of Salivary Antibodies to Recombinant Norwalk Virus Antigen
Creators: name: Moe, Christine L.
name: Sair, Arnie
name: Estes, Mary K.
name: Jaykus, Lee Ann
name: Lindesmith, Lisa
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2004

description: Simple diagnostic tests are needed for the detection of norovirus (NoV) outbreaks. Salivary antibody assays provide an attractive alternative to collecting and testing serum or stool samples. Antibodies to Norwalk virus (NV) in oral fluid samples were compared with NV antibodies in serum collected from 38 volunteers challenged with NV inoculum. Pre- and postchallenge (day 4, 8, 14, and 21) saliva and serum samples were examined by enzyme immunoassay (EIA) using recombinant NV antigen. Of 18 infected subjects (those who shed NV in stool or who demonstrated immunoglobulin G [IgG] seroconversion), 15 (83%) had ≥4-fold increases in NV-specific salivary IgA and 15 (83%) had ≥4-fold increases in NV-specific salivary IgG when prechallenge and postchallenge saliva samples were compared. When the results of the IgA and IgG assays were combined, all 18 infected subjects showed ≥4-fold increases in NV-specific salivary IgG or IgA postchallenge titers compared to their prechallenge titers. One of 19 uninfected subjects had a ≥4-fold increase in NV-specific salivary IgG. The sensitivity of the combined assay results was 100%, and the specificity was 95%. NV-specific salivary IgA titers peaked around 14 days postchallenge. NV-specific salivary IgG and serum IgG titers continued to rise through 21 days postchallenge. The application of this EIA to an elementary school outbreak indicated that 67% of the subjects with confirmed infections had >4-fold rises in anti-NoV IgA when an antigen in the same genetic cluster as the outbreak virus was used. This is the first documented mucosal antibody response to NoV in children. This EIA provides a useful approach for diagnosing NoV outbreaks.
title: Reporting targets, significant injury and incidental findings in whole-body trauma imaging: A single non-trauma centre quality improvement project
Creators: name: Mashar, Meghavi
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Emergency
subject: CT
subject: Audit and standards
subject: Trauma

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: Many studies have demonstrated that early imaging and management at a trauma centre can significantly improve outcomes. Whole body CT has been recommended as the gold standard in trauma imaging 1 (Royal College of Radiologists 2 , National Institute...
(401284) James Oldfield
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Newtonian-noise cancellation in full-tensor gravitational-wave detectors
Creators: name: Harms, Jan
name: Paik, Ho Jung
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Terrestrial gravity noise, also known as Newtonian noise, produced by ambient seismic and infrasound fields will pose one of the main sensitivity limitations in low-frequency, ground-based, gravitational-wave (GW) detectors. It was estimated that this noise foreground needs to be suppressed by about 3 -- 5 orders of magnitude in the frequency band 10\,mHz to 1\,Hz, which will be extremely challenging. In this article, we present a new approach that greatly facilitates cancellation of gravity noise in full-tensor GW detectors. The method uses optimal combinations of tensor channels and environmental sensors such as seismometers and microphones to reduce gravity noise. It makes explicit use of the direction of propagation of a GW, and can therefore either be implemented in directional searches for GWs or in observations of known sources. We show that suppression of the Newtonian-noise foreground is greatly facilitated using the extra strain channels in full-tensor GW detectors. Only a modest number of auxiliary, high-sensitivity environmental sensors are required to achieve noise suppression by a few orders of magnitude.
description: 23 pages, 9 figures, submitted to PRD
Placement Of Energy Aware Wireless Mesh Nodes For E-Learning In Green Campuses
Creators: name: Sheeba, G. Merlin
name: Nachiappan, Alamelu
name: Kumar, P. H. Pavan
name: Prateek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Energy efficiency solutions are more vital for Green Mesh Network (GMN) campuses. Today students are benefited using these e-learning methodologies. Renewable energies such as solar, wind, hydro has tremendous applications on energy efficient wireless networks for sustaining the ever growing traffic demands. One of the major issues in designing a GMN is minimizing the number of deployed mesh routers and gateways and satisfying the sustainable QOS based energy constraints. During low traffic periods the mesh routers are switched to power save or sleep mode. In this paper we have mathematically formulated a single objective function with multi constraints to optimize the energy. The objective is to place minimum number of Mesh routers and gateways in a set of candidate location. The mesh nodes are powered using the solar energy to meet the traffic demands. Two global optimisation algorithms are compared in this paper to optimize the energy sustainability, to guarantee seamless connectivity.
description: 10 pages,4 figures
title: The Power of CT Perfusion: From Pitfalls To Stroke Mimics
Creators: name: Castanedo Vázquez, David
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: CNS
subject: CT
subject: Acceptance testing
subject: Acute

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: - To review the fundamentals of CT brain perfusion studies. - To describe perfusion patterns associated with "stroke mimics". - To identify the main pitfalls when analyzing these...
Gamma Interferon Production in Response to Mycobacterium bovis BCG and Mycobacterium tuberculosis Antigens in Infants Born to Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Mothers
Creators: name: Van Rie, Annelies
name: Anthony, Fiona
name: Violari, Avy
name: Madhi, Shabir A.
name: Meddows-Taylor, Stephen
name: Tiemessen, Caroline T.
name: Wendelboe, Aaron M.
name: Heera, Jayvant R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2006

description: In utero sensitization to infectious pathogens can establish immunological memory and may influence the immune response to unrelated antigens. Little is known about the influence of intrauterine human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) exposure on the cellular immune response to mycobacterial antigens. Whole-blood culture gamma interferon (IFN-γ) production in response to mycobacterial antigens was measured at birth and 6 weeks of age to determine the characteristics of the IFN-γ response in HIV-exposed infants to Mycobacterium bovis BCG and mycobacterial antigens. At birth, we observed an increased immune activation in response to phytohemagglutinin among HIV-exposed, uninfected infants. In a proportion of these infants, we also observed an increased immune activation in response to purified protein derivative, BCG, and early secreted antigen target 6. Increases in the IFN-γ response to the four antigens between birth and 6 weeks of age, observed in all HIV-unexposed infants, was absent in a substantial proportion of HIV-exposed, uninfected infants. The immunological differences persisted at 6 weeks of age, suggesting a sustained impact of in utero immune priming by HIV. Intrauterine exposure to HIV affects the infants' cellular immune response to mycobacterial antigens, either specifically or as a consequence of nonspecific, broadly reactive immune activation. Further studies will be important to help determine optimal vaccination and disease prevention strategies for this vulnerable population group.
title: Features of 3-D conformal radiation therapy
Creators: name: Sukhodolska, Olena
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Radiation physics
subject: Radioprotection / Radiation dose
subject: CT
subject: Image manipulation / Reconstruction
subject: Radiation therapy / Oncology
subject: Stereotactic radiotherapy
subject: Radiation oncology in Developing Nations

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: On the complexity of radiation planning and radiotherapy can be divided into 4 degrees: A degree of 0 represents a change of therapy if jubilation is carried out in the fields prominence without using molding outbuildings; degree 1 - irradiation...
title: Abdominal echinococcosis: from simple to complicated
Creators: name: DAMAK, Mariem
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: CT
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Education
subject: Abscess
subject: Cysts
subject: Parasites

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: Describe and illustrate hepatic hydatidosis and its complications.Discuss the diagnosis of hydatid cyst in unusual abdominal...
(401285) Donald Ramsey Edgar
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
title: DSC-MRI Perfusion Signal Recovery Curves: Pearls and Pitfalls
Creators: name: Canha Vedor Ferreira, Ana
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Lymphoma
subject: Metastases
subject: Neoplasia

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: To understand the concept of Percentage Signal Recovery (PSR) obtained from dynamic susceptibility weighted (DSC) perfusion measurements. To learn how to obtain a PSR curve, using dedicated postprocessing software, highlighting technical pearls and...
CP Violation in Predictive Neutrino Mass Structures
Creators: name: Geng, Chao-Qiang
name: Huang, Da
name: Tsai, Lu-Hsing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the CP violation effects from two types of neutrino mass matrices with (i) $(M_ν)_{ee}=0$, and (ii) $(M_ν)_{ee}=(M_ν)_{eμ}=0$, which can be realized by the high dimensional lepton number violating operators $\bar \ell_R^cγ^μL_L (D_μΦ)Φ^2$ and $\bar \ell_R^c l_R (D_μΦ)^2Φ^2$, respectively. In (i), the neutrino mass spectrum is in the normal ordering with the lightest neutrino mass within the range $0.002\,{\rm eV}\lesssim m_0\lesssim 0.007\,{\rm eV}$. Furthermore, for a given value of $m_0$, there are two solutions for the two Majorana phases $α_{21}$ and $α_{31}$, whereas the Dirac phase $δ$ is arbitrary. For (ii), the parameters of $m_0$, $δ$, $α_{21}$, and $α_{31}$ can be completely determined. We calculate the CP violating asymmetries in neutrino-antineutrino oscillations for both mass textures of (i) and (ii), which are closely related to the CP violating Majorana phases.
description: 17 pages, 4 figures, revised version accepted by EPJC
Transcriptional Activation of Interferon-Stimulated Genes but Not of Cytokine Genes after Primary Infection of Rhesus Macaques with Dengue Virus Type 1
Creators: name: White, Laura J.
name: Rosado, Lymarie C.
name: Muñoz-Jordan, Jorge L.
name: Giavedoni, Luis
name: Abel, Kristina
name: Sariol, Carlos A.
name: Rodriguez, Idia Vanessa
name: Arana, Teresa
name: Kraiselburd, Edmundo N.
name: Martínez, Melween
name: Pantoja, Petraleigh
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: Macaques are the only animal model used to test dengue virus (DENV) vaccine candidates. Nevertheless, the pathogenesis of DENV in macaques is not well understood. In this work, by using Affymetrix oligonucleotide microarrays, we studied the broad transcriptional modifications and cytokine expression profile after infecting rhesus macaques with DENV serotype 1. Five days after infection, these animals produced a potent, innate antiviral immune response by inducing the transcription of signature genes from the interferon (IFN) pathway with demonstrated antiviral activity, such as myxoprotein, 2′,5′-oligoadenylate synthetase, phospholipid scramblase 1, and viperin. Also, IFN regulatory element 7, IFN-stimulated gene 15, and protein ligases linked to the ISGylation process were up-regulated. Unexpectedly, no up-regulation of IFN-α, -β, or -γ genes was detected. Transcription of the genes of interleukin-10 (IL-10), IL-8, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor alpha was neither up-regulated nor down-regulated. Results were confirmed by real-time PCR and by multiplex cytokine detection in serum samples.
title: CT assessment of Acute pancreatitis: correlations to morbidity.
Creators: name: Belhadj, Mohamed
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: CT
subject: Screening
subject: Acute

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: To study the performance of the most commonly used radiologic classifications in predicting the severity of acute pancreatitis (AP) through comparing CT scan aspects to the disease...
Impact of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection in Pregnant Women on Variant-Specific Immunity to Malaria
Creators: name: Rogerson, Stephen J.
name: Meshnick, Steven R.
name: Dembo, Edson G.
name: Montgomery, Jacqui
name: Mwapasa, Victor
name: Craig, Alister G.
name: Porter, Kimberly A.
name: Molyneux, Malcolm E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) increases susceptibility to Plasmodium falciparum infection, and this has most clearly been demonstrated in pregnant women. Variant surface antigens on the surfaces of erythrocytes infected with P. falciparum are major targets of protective immunity. We studied the impact of HIV infection on pregnant women's humoral immunity to variant surface antigens expressed by placental and pediatric isolates of P. falciparum. By flow cytometry, sera from HIV-infected women more frequently lacked antibodies to these antigens than sera from HIV-uninfected women. This difference was similar in magnitude for pediatric isolates (unadjusted odds ratio [OR] = 6.36; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.14, 35.32; P < 0.05) and placental isolates (unadjusted OR = 6.47; 95% CI = 0.75, 55.64; P < 0.10). We divided women into high and low responders on the basis of their antibody levels. After adjustment for CD4 count, maternal age, and gravidity, we found that HIV-infected women more frequently had low responses to both pediatric isolates (OR = 5.34; 95% CI = 1.23, 23.16; P = 0.025) and placental isolates (OR = 4.14; 95% CI = 1.71, 10.02; P = 0.002). The relative quantity of antibodies to both pediatric isolates (P = 0.035) and placental isolates (P = 0.005) was lower in HIV-infected women than in HIV-uninfected women. HIV infection has a broad impact on variant-specific immunity, which may explain the susceptibility of infected individuals to clinical malaria episodes.
title: Chronic rhino sinus disease: From symptoms to imaging to diagnosis.
Creators: name: Ben Mrad, Neji
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Head and neck
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Acute
subject: Inflammation
subject: Pathology

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: Understanding the different etiology of sinus pathologies and sinus-paranasal drainage pathways allows us to understand the systematization of rhino-sinus diseases. When and how to use the imaging modalities. Confirming the diagnosis, assess the...
Relationship between Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Coinfection, Anemia, and Levels and Function of Antibodies to Variant Surface Antigens in Pregnancy-Associated Malaria
Creators: name: Fernandes, Liselle A.
name: Mwapasa, Victor
name: Feng, Gaoqian
name: Molyneux, Malcolm E.
name: Meshnick, Steven R.
name: Lewis, Jenny
name: Jaworowski, Anthony
name: Yosaatmadja, Francisca
name: Rogerson, Stephen J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) coinfection decreases antibodies to variant surface antigens implicated in pregnancy-associated malaria (VSA-PAM) caused by Plasmodium falciparum. The effect of HIV-1 on antibody functions that may protect mothers from pregnancy-associated malaria is unknown. Sera from multigravid pregnant women with malaria and HIV-1 coinfection (n = 58) or malaria alone (n = 29) and from HIV-1-infected (n = 102) or -uninfected (n = 54) multigravidae without malaria were analyzed for anti-VSA-PAM antibodies by flow cytometry, the ability to inhibit adhesion to chondroitin sulfate A, or to opsonize CS2-infected erythrocytes for phagocytosis by THP-1 cells. In women with malaria, anti-VSA-PAM levels correlated better with opsonic activity (r = 0.60) than with adhesion-blocking activity (r = 0.33). In univariate analysis, HIV-1 coinfection was associated with lower opsonic activity but not adhesion-blocking activity or anti-VSA-PAM levels. Malaria-infected women with anemia (hemoglobin levels of <11.0 g/dl) had lower opsonic activity than nonanemic women (P = 0.007) independent of HIV-1 status. By multivariate analysis, in malaria-infected women, anemia (but not HIV status) was associated with opsonic activity. In women without malaria, opsonic activity was not associated with either anemia or HIV-1 status. In multigravid pregnant women with malaria, impaired serum opsonic activity may contribute to anemia and possibly to the decreased immunity to pregnancy-associated malaria associated with HIV-1.
title: COVID-19, beyond lung involvement: a pictorial review of systemic manifestations of the disease
Creators: name: Mendoza Ferradas, Francisco
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: Cardiovascular system
subject: Head and neck
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Education
subject: Education and training
subject: Embolism / Thrombosis
subject: Infection

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: * To define the role of imaging modalities in the diagnosis of the different manifestations of COVID-19 and the detection of acute and chronic complications. * To describe the radiologic features of multisystemic involvement in COVID-19....
A Recombinant Attenuated Mycobacterium tuberculosis Vaccine Strain Is Safe in Immunosuppressed Simian Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Infant Macaques
Creators: name: Jacobs Jr., William R.
name: Fennelly, Glenn
name: Ranganathan, Uma Devi K.
name: Abel, Kristina
name: Luciw, Paul A.
name: Ravindran, Resmi
name: Van Rompay, Koen K.A.
name: Khan, Imran
name: Larsen, Michelle H.
name: Canfield, Don R.
name: Jensen, Kara
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: ABSTRACT Many resource-poor countries are faced with concurrent epidemics of AIDS and tuberculosis (TB) caused by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and Mycobacterium tuberculosis , respectively. Dual infections with HIV and M. tuberculosis are especially severe in infants. There is, however, no effective HIV vaccine, and the only licensed TB vaccine, the Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine, can cause disseminated mycobacterial disease in HIV-infected children. Thus, a pediatric vaccine to prevent HIV and M. tuberculosis infections is urgently needed. We hypothesized that a highly attenuated M. tuberculosis strain containing HIV antigens could be safely administered at birth and induce mucosal and systemic immune responses to protect against HIV and TB infections, and we rationalized that vaccine safety could be most rigorously assessed in immunocompromised hosts. Of three vaccine candidates tested, the recombinant attenuated M. tuberculosis strain mc 2 6435 carrying a simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) Gag expression plasmid and harboring attenuations of genes critical for replication ( panCD and leuCD ) and immune evasion ( secA2 ), was found to be safe for oral or intradermal administration to non-SIV-infected and SIV-infected infant macaques. Safety was defined as the absence of clinical symptoms, a lack of histopathological changes indicative of M. tuberculosis infection, and a lack of mycobacterial dissemination. These data represent an important step in the development of novel TB vaccines and suggest that a combination recombinant attenuated M. tuberculosis -HIV vaccine could be a safe alternative to BCG for the pediatric population as a whole and, more importantly, for the extreme at-risk group of HIV-infected infants.
Simultaneous $p$-orderings and minimising volumes in number fields
Creators: name: Byszewski, Jakub
name: Frączyk, Mikołaj
name: Szumowicz, Anna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 13F20 (Primary), 13B25 (Secondary)

description: In the paper "On the interpolation of integer-valued polynomials" (Journal of Number Theory 133 (2013), pp. 4224--4232.) V. Volkov and F. Petrov consider the problem of existence of the so-called $n$-universal sets (related to simultaneous $p$-orderings of Bhargava) in the ring of Gaussian integers. We extend their results to arbitrary imaginary quadratic number fields and prove an existence theorem that provides a strong counterexample to a conjecture of Volkov-Petrov on minimal cardinality of $n$-universal sets. Along the way, we discover a link with Euler-Kronecker constants and prove a lower bound on Euler-Kronecker constants which is of the same order of magnitude as the one obtained by Ihara.
description: new version, substantial corrections in section 6, will appear in Journal of Number Theory
Biobanks containing clinical specimens: Defining characteristics, policies, and practices
Creators: name: Henderson, Gail E.
name: Evans, James P.
name: Edwards, Teresa
name: Cadigan, R. Jean
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Biobanks – collections of human biological specimens stored for future research use – are crucial for biomedical advancement. One of the most common ways that biobanks acquire specimens is to obtain residual or “leftover” samples originally collected for clinical care from hospitals, clinical laboratories and pathology departments. Little is known about the characteristics of biobanks that store specimens from clinical sources, or their policies and practices.In this paper, we present data from the subset of 261 biobanks in our 2012 national survey that stores specimens from clinical sources, focusing on a number of ethical issues that have been raised in the literature.Most biobanks are part of larger organizations, mainly academic medical centers, and most report standardized systems for managing acquisition, storage, and release to researchers. Yet, there is considerable diversity in policies and practices regarding informed consent, return of research results, ownership of specimens and technology developed, utilization, and disposition of remaining specimens after researchers have acquired, them. We document tremendous heterogeneity in the composition of these collections, the number and type of specimens stored, and number of requests for specimens per year.Responding to this variation presents significant challenges for those who manage the collections, demanding careful consideration and planning to maintain high quality practices in acquisition, storage, and release of specimens all the while striving to protect the rights of subjects.
The Lifshitz-Matsubara sum formula for the Casimir pressure between magnetic metallic mirrors
Creators: name: Guerout, R.
name: Lambrecht, A.
name: Milton, K. A.
name: Reynaud, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the conditions of validity for the Lifshitz-Matsubara sum formula for the Casimir pressure between magnetic metallic plane mirrors. As in the previously studied case of non-magnetic materials (Guerout et al, Phys. Rev. E 90 042125), we recover the usual expression for the lossy model of optical response, but not for the lossless plasma model. We also show that the modes associated with the Foucault currents play a crucial role in the limit of vanishing losses, in contrast to expectations.
title: Pulmonary Alveolar Proteinosis - A Pictorial Review
Creators: name: Ismail, Habib
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Thorax
subject: CT
subject: CT-High Resolution
subject: Plain radiographic studies
subject: Education
subject: Acute
subject: Education and training

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: The aims of this pictorial review are to identify clinical features of pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) and to review the characteristic radiological features of PAP based on patients diagnosed at our...