cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Additional file 4 of Temporal expression patterns of fruit-specific α- EXPANSINS during cell expansion in bell pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)
Creators: name: Mayorga-Gómez, Andrés
name: Savithri U. Nambeesan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 4: Figure 3. Phylogenetic analyses of EXPANSINS in bell pepper, tomato, Arabidopsis and rice. Phylogenetic tree performed using the neighbor joining method in MEGA 7.0 with 1000 bootstraps with p-distance model. Tomato sequences were obtained from [12], Arabidopsis from TAIR (https://www.arabidopsis.org/browse/genefamily/expansin.jsp) [14]; and rice (http://personal.psu.edu/fsl/ExpCentral/other_species.htm#rice sequences) [18].
A simple proof of the Jamiolkowski criterion for complete positivity of linear maps of algebras of Hilbert-Schmidt operators
Creators: name: Salgado, D.
name: Sanchez-Gomez, J. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We generalize a preceding simple proof of the Jamiolkowski criterion to check whether a given linear map between algebras of operators is completely positive or not. The generalization is performed to embrace all algebras of Hilbert-Schmidt class operators, thus possibly infinite-dimensional.
description: 9 pages, no figures. Latex class svmult.cls required
Entropic gradient descent algorithms and wide flat minima
Creators: name: Pittorino, Fabrizio
name: Lucibello, Carlo
name: Feinauer, Christoph
name: Perugini, Gabriele
name: Baldassi, Carlo
name: Demyanenko, Elizaveta
name: Zecchina, Riccardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The properties of flat minima in the empirical risk landscape of neural networks have been debated for some time. Increasing evidence suggests they possess better generalization capabilities with respect to sharp ones. First, we discuss Gaussian mixture classification models and show analytically that there exist Bayes optimal pointwise estimators which correspond to minimizers belonging to wide flat regions. These estimators can be found by applying maximum flatness algorithms either directly on the classifier (which is norm independent) or on the differentiable loss function used in learning. Next, we extend the analysis to the deep learning scenario by extensive numerical validations. Using two algorithms, Entropy-SGD and Replicated-SGD, that explicitly include in the optimization objective a non-local flatness measure known as local entropy, we consistently improve the generalization error for common architectures (e.g. ResNet, EfficientNet). An easy to compute flatness measure shows a clear correlation with test accuracy.
description: ICLR 2021 camera-ready
Do Direct Payments Influence Farmers' Hail Insurance Decisions?
Creators: name: Finger, Robert
name: Lehmann, Niklaus
name: Finger, Robert
name: Lehmann, Niklaus
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: Risk and Uncertainty

description: We analyze determinants of hail insurance use of Swiss farmers, covering the period 1990-2009 using FADN panel data. Mixed effect logistic regression models are estimated to identify the most important farm and farmer characteristics that determine insurance use. In addition, information on local hail risk is taken into account in these models. It shows that larger farms, with specialization on crop production, and with larger local hail risks are more likely to adopt the hail insurance. Moreover, insurance users are usually older and better educated. Since the early 1990s, Swiss agricultural policy has reduced price support and introduced general and ecological direct payments. This has led to a much higher importance of direct payments for farmers’ incomes. We find that this development has contributed to decreasing hail adoption rates in Switzerland in the considered period, due to the insurance and wealth effects of direct payments. Our results indicate that the larger the share of direct payments for total farm revenue, the more subsidies would be required to induce hail insurance adoption. Thus, agricultural policy should explicitly consider this interdependency.
The distributed burning regime in Type Ia supernova models
Creators: name: Roepke, F. K.
name: Hillebrandt, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The deflagration mode of flame propagation in Type Ia supernova (SN Ia) models requires a correct description of the interaction of the flame with turbulent motions. It is well-known that turbulent combustion proceeds in different regimes. For most parts of the deflagration in SNe Ia the flamelet regime applies. This has been modeled in previous multi-dimensional simulations. However, at late stages of the explosion, the flame will propagate in the so-called distributed regime. We investigate the effects of this regime on SN Ia models in a first and simplified approach and show that the trend of effects seems capable of curing some problems of current pure deflagration models.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, Fig. 2 reduced in resolution to meet astro-ph file size restriction, accepted for publication by A&A Lett
A (re)discovery of Beverley Rosen Simons : Preparing for production
Creators: name: Lockitch, Amanda Ruth
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The plays of Beverley Rosen Simons, written over the past thirty years, have had a contentious and underprivileged relationship with Canada's professional theatre companies. Her most famous work, Crabdance, was, however, included in a 2001 anthology of British Columbian plays, bringing Simons' text into the contemporary landscape of Canadian drama. Although the anthology printed her most well-known play, it was written in 1969. Today, she has many scripts that are ready, and have been ready, to be brought to the stage, but they remain unproduced. In 1994, the late Urjo Kareda, Artistic Director of the Tarragon Theatre, cited a specific reason as to why he was unable to support a production of Simons' latest play, now you see it.... The charge levied against the text is that Simons' "technique of simultaneous scenes... exists only in her own imagination ... placing iron clamps around the creativity of both the actors and the director," and thus this play is virtually impossible to produce. The purpose of this thesis is to offer a rediscovery of Simons' work, placing her in the context of Canadian theatre history and providing a brief background on some of her earlier texts. I then provide a comprehensive dramaturgical analysis of her newest unproduced and unpublished play, now you see it.... Since I am preparing this play for production, I will specifically examine the charge laid by Kareda. He was a champion of new Canadian work and a major theatrical force in Canada before his years at Tarragon and beyond. This analysis is specifically geared towards the question of whether or not Simons' challenging dramaturgy, in terms of content and form, is truly too difficult to produce. Through a detailed dramaturgical analysis of the text including characters, setting and synopsis, an examination of thematic devices that Simons employs, and a discussion of the staging issues that arose in a pre-production workshop of the text, I hope to illuminate some of the complexities surrounding the production of this play.
Threebrane Absorption and Emission from a Brane-Antibrane System
Creators: name: Garcia, J. Antonio
name: Guijosa, Alberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that a previously proposed model based on a D3-brane--anti-D3-brane system at finite temperature can reproduce the low-frequency absorption and emission probabilities of the black threebrane of Type IIB supergravity arbitrarily far from extremality, for arbitrary partial waves of a minimal scalar field. Our calculations cover in particular the case of the neutral threebrane, which corresponds to the Schwarzschild black hole in seven dimensions. Our results provide not only significant evidence in favor of the brane-antibrane model, but also a rationale for the condition that the energies of the two component gases agree with one another. In the course of our analysis we correct previous results on the absorption probabilities of the near-extremal threebrane, and extend them to the far-from-extremal regime.
description: LaTeX 2e, 22 pages
Additional file 2 of Temporal expression patterns of fruit-specific α- EXPANSINS during cell expansion in bell pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)
Creators: name: Mayorga-Gómez, Andrés
name: Savithri U. Nambeesan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2: Figure 1. Alignment of all EXP protein sequences from C. annuum and representative sequences from Arabidopsis for each family, EXPA, EXPB, EXPLA, and EXPLB. All conserved amino acids are shown above the alignments for each family based on [21].
Additional file 1 of Alpha-1 antitrypsin reduces inflammation and vasculopathy in mice with oxygen-induced retinopathy
Creators: name: Suphapimol, Varaporn
name: Liu, Yu-Han
name: Prato, Sandro
name: Karnowski, Alexander
name: Hardy, Charles
name: Morelli, Adriana Baz
name: Jayasimhan, Abhirup
name: Deliyanti, Devy
name: Wilkinson-Berka, Jennifer L.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Supplementary Material 1
Landau Levels as a Probe for Band Topology in Graphene Moiré Superlattices
Creators: name: Wu, QuanSheng
name: Liu, Jianpeng
name: Yazyev, Oleg V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose Landau levels as a probe for the topological character of electronic bands in two-dimensional moiré superlattices. We consider two configurations of twisted double bilayer graphene (TDBG) that have very similar band structures, but show different valley Chern numbers of the flat bands. These differences between the AB-AB and AB-BA configurations of TDBG clearly manifest as different Landau level sequences in the Hofstadter butterfly spectra calculated using the tight-binding model. The Landau level sequences are explained from the point of view of the distribution of orbital magnetization in momentum space that is governed by the rotational $C_2$ and time-reversal $\mathcal{T}$ symmetries. Our results can be readily extended to other twisted graphene multilayers and $h$-BN/graphene heterostructures thus establishing the Hofstadter butterfly spectra as a powerful tool for detecting the non-trivial valley band topology.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Universal Critical Behavior of the Synchronization Transition in Delayed Chaotic Systems
Creators: name: Szendro, Ivan G.
name: López, Juan M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We numerically investigate the critical behavior of the synchronization transition of two unidirectionally coupled delayed chaotic systems. We map the problem to a spatially extended system to show that the synchronization transition in delayed systems exhibits universal critical properties. We find that the synchronization transition is absorbing and generically belongs to the universality class of the bounded Kardar-Parisi-Zhang equation, as occurs in the case of extended systems. We also argue that directed percolation critical behavior may emerge for systems with strong nonlinearities
description: To appear in Phys. Rev. E (Rapid Communication), 4 pages RevTeX style, 5 eps figures
Particle detectors as witnesses for quantum gravity
Creators: name: Faure, Rémi
name: Perche, T. Rick
name: Torres, Bruno de S. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a model for the coupling of non-relativistic quantum systems with a linearized gravitational field from a Lagrangian formulation. The coupling strongly resembles the light-matter interaction models that are known to be well approximated by the Unruh-DeWitt detector model for interactions with quantum fields. We then apply our model to linearized quantum gravity, which allows us to propose a detector based setup that can in principle probe the quantum nature of the gravitational field.
description: 8 pages, 1 figure
Ground state and constrained domain walls in Gd/Fe multilayers
Creators: name: Van Aken, Bas B.
name: Prieto, Jose L.
name: Mathur, Neil D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The magnetic ground state of antiferromagnetically coupled Gd/Fe multilayers and the evolution of in-plane domain walls is modelled with micromagnetics. The twisted state is characterised by a rapid decrease of the interface angle with increasing magnetic field. We found that for certain ratios M(Fe):M(Gd), the twisted state is already present at low fields. However, the magnetic ground state is not only determined by the ratio M(Fe):M(Gd) but also by the thicknesses of the layers, that is the total moments of the layer. The dependence of the magnetic ground state is explained by the amount of overlap of the domain walls at the interface. Thicker layers suppress the Fe aligned and the Gd aligned state in favour of the twisted state. Whereas ultrathin layers exclude the twisted state, since wider domain walls can not form in these ultrathin layers.
Disentangling the Demand-enhancing Effect and Trade-cost Effect of Technical Measures in Agricultural Trade among OECD countries
Creators: name: Xiong, Bo
name: Beghin, John C.
name: Xiong, Bo
name: Beghin, John C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: sanitary and phytosanitary
subject: SPS
subject: technical measures
subject: NTM
subject: TBT
subject: standards
subject: gravity equation
subject: protectionism
subject: OECD

description: Domestic technical measures such as SPS and TBTs can enhance import demand via information disclosure and quality improvement, or hamper foreign export supply via imposing sizeable compliance costs, or both. The traditional gravity equation model estimates the net effect of these measures on international trade with a loss of useful inference on separate effects. We stipulate a generalized gravity equation model to disentangle the two effects. We apply the augmented approach to agricultural trade among OECD countries in 2004. We find that technical measures in agriculture often jointly enhance import demand and hinder export supply with the net effect of promoting the propensity to trade. Further disaggregated data analysis reveals heterogeneity across sectors in terms of net effects of technical measures, despite common demand-enhancing and supply-hindering effects. These measures in the net decrease the probability of intra-OECD trade in dairy products, whereas they increase that of intra-OECD trade in cereal preparations.
A Context Aware Framework for IoT Based Healthcare Monitoring Systems
Creators: name: Abuseta, Yousef
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper introduces an investigation of the healthcare monitoring systems and their provisioning in the IoT platform. The different roles that exist in healthcare systems are specified and modeled here. This paper also attempts to introduce and propose a generic framework for the design and development of context aware healthcare monitoring systems in the IoT platform. In such a framework, the fundamental components of the healthcare monitoring systems are identified and modelled as well as the relationship between these components. The paper also stresses on the crucial role played by the AI field in addressing resilient context aware healthcare monitoring systems. Architecturally, this framework is based on a distributed layered architecture where the different components are deployed over the physical layer, fog platform and the cloud platform.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures
Compact scalar field solutions in EiBI gravity
Creators: name: Afonso, Victor I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss exact scalar field solutions describing gravitating compact objects in the Eddington-inspired Born-Infeld gravity (EiBI), a member of the class of (metric-affine formulated) Ricci-based gravity theories (RBGs). We include a detailed account of the RBGs/GR correspondence exploited to analytically solve the field equations. The single parameter $\e$ of the EiBI model defines two branches for the solution. The $\e>0$ branch may be described as a `shell with no interior', and constitutes an ill-defined, geodesically incomplete spacetime. The more interesting $\e<0$ branch admits the interpretation of a `wormhole membrane', an exotic horizonless compact object with the ability to transfer particles and light from any point on its surface (located slightly below the would-be Schwarzschild radius) to its antipodal point, in a vanishing fraction of proper time. This is a single example illustrating how the structural modifications introduced by the metric-affine formulation may lead to significant departures from GR even at astrophysically relevant scales, giving rise to physically plausible objects radically different from those we are used to think of in the metric approach, and that could act as a black hole mimickers whose shadows might present distinguishable signals.
description: 27 onecolumn pages, 4 figures, Contribution to Selected Papers of the Fifth Amazonian Symposium on Physics, Accepted in IJMPD
Energy Access Scenarios to 2030 for the Power Sector in Sub-Saharan Africa
Creators: name: Bazilian, Morgan
name: Nussbaumer, Patrick
name: Rogner, Hans-Holger
name: Brew-Hammond, Abeeku
name: Foster, Vivien
name: Kammen, Daniel M.
name: Pachauri, Shonali
name: Eric, Williams
name: Howells, Mark
name: Niyongabo, Philippe
name: Musaba, Lawrence
name: O Gallachoir, Brian
name: Radka, Mark
name: Bazilian, Morgan
name: Nussbaumer, Patrick
name: Rogner, Hans-Holger
name: Brew-Hammond, Abeeku
name: Foster, Vivien
name: Kammen, Daniel M.
name: Pachauri, Shonali
name: Eric, Williams
name: Howells, Mark
name: Niyongabo, Philippe
name: Musaba, Lawrence
name: O Gallachoir, Brian
name: Radka, Mark
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Energy Access
subject: Power System Planning
subject: Sub-Saharan Africa

description: In order to reach a goal of universal access to modern energy services in Africa by 2030, consideration of various electricity sector pathways is required to help inform policy-makers and investors, and help guide power system design. To that end, and building on existing tools and analysis, we present several ‘high-level’, transparent, and economy-wide scenarios for the sub-Saharan African power sector to 2030. We construct these simple scenarios against the backdrop of historical trends and various interpretations of universal access. They are designed to provide the international community with an indication of the overall scale of the effort required. We find that most existing projections, using typical long-term forecasting methods for power planning, show roughly a threefold increase in installed generation capacity occurring by 2030, but more than a tenfold increase would likely be required to provide for full access – even at relatively modest levels of electricity consumption. This equates to approximately a 13% average annual growth rate, compared to a historical one (in the last two decades) of 1.7%.
Additional file 1 of Early to mid-pregnancy HbA1c levels and its association with adverse pregnancy outcomes in three low middle-income countries in Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa
Creators: name: Nisar, Muhammad Imran
name: das, Sayan
name: Khanam, Rasheda
name: Khalid, Javairia
name: Chetia, Swagata
name: Hasan, Tarik
name: Shahid, Shahira
name: Marijani, Msafiri Ladislaus
name: Ahmed, Salahuddin
name: Khalid, Farah
name: Ali, Said Mohammed
name: Chowdhury, Nabidul Haque
name: Mehmood, Usma
name: Dutta, Arup
name: Rahman, Sayedur
name: Qazi, Muhammad Farrukh
name: Deb, Saikat
name: Mitra, Dipak Kumar
name: Usmani, Asra Abeer
name: Dhingra, Usha
name: Raqib, Rubhana
name: Manu, Alexander
name: Yoshida, Sachiyo
name: Minckas, Nicole
name: Bahl, Rajiv
name: Baqui, Abdullah H.
name: Sazawal, Sunil
name: Jehan, Fyezah
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Mean Hba1c levels site-wise. Figure S2. HbA1c Levels by (a) Maternal Age, (b) BMI and (c) MUAC.
Lie algebras in vortex dynamics and celestial mechanics - IV
Creators: name: Bolsinov, A. V.
name: Borisov, A. V.
name: Mamaev, I. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The work of A.V. Borisov, A.E. Pavlov, Dynamics and Statics of Vortices on a Plane and a Sphere - I (Reg. & Ch. Dynamics, 1998, Vol. 3, No 1, p.28-39) introduces a naive description of dynamics of point vortices on a plane in terms of variables of distances and areas which generate Lie-Poisson structure. Using this approach a qualitative description of dynamics of point vortices on a plane and a sphere is obtained in the works Dynamics of Three Vortices on a Plane and a Sphere - II. General compact case by A.V. Borisov, V.G. Lebedev (Reg. & Ch. Dynamics, 1998, Vol. 3, No 2, p.99-114), Dynamics of three vortices on a plane and a sphere - III. Noncompact case. Problem of collaps and scattering by A.V. Borisov, V.G. Lebedev (Reg. & Ch. Dynamics, 1998, Vol. 3, No 4, p.76-90). In this paper we consider more formal constructions of the general problem of n vortices on a plane and a sphere. The developed methods of algebraization are also applied to the classical problem of the reduction in the three-body problem.
description: 41 pages, 17 figures
Contribution of Non-Timber Forest Products to Rural Household Income in Zambia
Creators: name: Mulenga, Brian P.
name: Richardson, Robert B.
name: Mapemba, Lawrence D.
name: Tembo, Gelson
name: Mulenga, Brian P.
name: Richardson, Robert B.
name: Mapemba, Lawrence D.
name: Tembo, Gelson
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: NON-TIMBER FOREST
subject: ZAMBIA

description: Non-timber forest products (NTFPs) play an important role in supporting rural livelihoods and food security in Zambia. NTFP-dependent households are poorer, have younger household heads with lower levels of education, and are located closer to district towns than other rural households are. NTFPs are a particularly important source of income in Luapula, Northwestern and Western provinces. • Income from woodfuel represented the greatest share of income for households that participated in NTFPs, and it was the most commonly reported business activity, with 68% of NTFP households reporting income from charcoal and firewood. NTFPs contribute an average of 32% to total household income among participants, with the poorest being more dependent on these sources. • Given the widespread demand for woodfuel and other forest products, it is likely that rural households will continue to engage in the extraction and trade of NTFPs as a business activity. However, charcoal production, if left unchecked, could compromise the integrity of forests and adversely affect the availability of other NTFPs. In order to reduce households’ reliance on charcoal/firewood as an income source, outreach efforts could promote other NTFPs such as wild honey, ants, and mushrooms as business activities. Mushrooms, ants, and caterpillars may particularly be important activities for female-headed households, as more female-headed households derived income from these sources.
Investigation of trial wavefunction approach to bilayer Quantum Hall systems
Creators: name: Jeon, Gun Sang
name: Ye, Jinwu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study properties of some known trial wavefunctions in bilayer quantum Hall systems at the total filling factor $ ν_{T}=1 $. In particular, we find that the properties of a meron wavefunction and a natural "quasi-hole" wave function are dramatically different due to the broken symmetry and the associated Goldstone mode in the bulk. Although the (smallest) meron has localized charge $ 1/2 $ and logarithmically divergent energy, the charge of the quasi-hole excitation extends over the whole system and its energy diverges linearly with the area of the system. This indicates that the natural quasi-hole wavefunction is not a good trial wavefunction for excitations. It also shows that the energy of the naive candidate for a pair of meron wavefunction written down previously increases quadratically instead of logarithmically as their separation increases. Our results indicate that qualitatively good trial wave functions for the ground state and the excitations of the interlayer coherent bilayer quantum Hall system at finite $ d $ are still not available and searching for them remains an important open problem.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures.V2. Two added references. Final version to appear in Phys. Rev. B
Adaptation Can Help Mitigation: An Integrated Approach to Post-2012 Climate Policy
Creators: name: Bosello, Francesco
name: Carraro, Carlo
name: De Cian, Enrica
name: Bosello, Francesco
name: Carraro, Carlo
name: De Cian, Enrica
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Climate Change Impacts
subject: Mitigation
subject: Adaptation
subject: Integrated Assessment Model

description: The latest round of international negotiations in Copenhagen led to a set of commitments on emission reductions which are unlikely to stabilise global warming below or around 2°C. As a consequence, in the absence of additional ambitious policy measures, adaptation will be needed to address climate-related damages. What is the role of adaptation in this setting? How is it optimally allocated across regions and time? To address these questions, this paper analyses the optimal mix of adaptation and mitigation expenditures in a cost-effective setting in which countries cooperate to achieve a long-term stabilisation target (550 CO2-eq). It uses an Integrated Assessment Model (AD-WITCH) that describes the relationships between different adaptation modes (reactive and anticipatory), mitigation, and capacity-building to analyse the optimal portfolio of adaptation measures. Results show the optimal intertemporal distribution of climate policy measures is characterised by early investments in mitigation followed by large adaptation expenditures a few decades later. Hence, the possibility to adapt does not justify postponing mitigation, although it reduces its costs. Mitigation and adaptation are thus shown to be complements rather than substitutes.
Exact variations for stochastic heat equations driven by space--time white noise
Creators: name: Pospisil, Jan
name: Tribe, Roger
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60G15, 60H15, 60H30

description: This paper calculates the exact quadratic variation in space and quartic variation in time for the solutions to a one dimensional stochastic heat equation driven by a multiplicative space-time white noise.
description: Submitted to the Stochastic Processes and their Applications
Electron-phonon scattering and thermoelectric transport in $p$-type PbTe from first principles
Creators: name: D'Souza, Ransell
name: Cao, Jiang
name: Querales-Flores, José D.
name: Fahy, Stephen
name: Savić, Ivana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a first principles based model of electron-phonon scattering mechanisms and thermoelectric transport at the L and $Σ$ valleys in <200b>$p$-type PbTe, accounting for their thermally induced shifts. Our calculated values of all thermoelectric transport parameters at room temperature are in very good agreement with experiments for a wide range of doping concentrations. Scattering due to longitudinal optical phonons is the main scattering mechanism in $p$-type PbTe, while scattering due to transverse optical modes is the weakest. The L valleys contribute most to thermoelectric transport at 300 K due to the sizeable energy difference between the L and $Σ$ valleys. We show that both scattering between the L and $Σ$ valleys and additional transport channels of the $Σ$ valleys are beneficial for the overall thermoelectric performance of $p$-type PbTe at 300 K. Our findings thus support the idea that materials with high valley degeneracy may be good thermoelectrics.
description: 16 pages, 6 figures
Eyes Wide Open - Optimising Cosmological Surveys in a Crowded Market
Creators: name: Bassett, Bruce A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Optimising the major next-generation cosmological surveys (such as {\em SNAP, KAOS etc...}) is a key problem given our ignorance of the physics underlying cosmic acceleration and the plethora of surveys planned. We propose a Bayesian design framework which (1) maximises the discrimination power of a survey without assuming any underlying dark energy model, (2) finds the best niche survey geometry given current data and future competing experiments, (3) maximises the cross-section for serendipitous discoveries and (4) can be adapted to answer specific questions (such as `is dark energy dynamical?'). Integrated Parameter Space Optimisation (IPSO) is a design framework that integrates projected parameter errors over an entire dark energy parameter space and then extremises a figure of merit (such as Shannon entropy gain which we show is stable to off-diagonal covariance matrix perturbations) as a function of survey parameters using analytical, grid or MCMC techniques. We discuss examples where the optimisation can be performed analytically. IPSO is thus a general, model-independent and scalable framework that allows us to appropriately use prior information to design the best possible surveys.
description: 15 pages, 6 colour figures. Significantly more discussion and illustrative examples
Additional file 1 of Life after medicalised conception: an interpretative phenomenological analysis study exploring the experiences of pregnancy and transition to parenthood
Creators: name: Foyston, Z.
name: Higgins, L. E.
name: Smith, D. M.
name: Wittkowski, A
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: Medicine
Cell Biology
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Science Policy
Mental Health

description: Supplementary Material 1
Trends in Maize Grain, Roller and Breakfast Meal Prices In Zambia
Creators: name: Kuteya, Auckland N.
name: Jayne, Thomas S.
name: Kuteya, Auckland N.
name: Jayne, Thomas S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Zambia
subject: maize
subject: grain prices

description: 1. Compared to the general price of goods and services as measured by the consumer price index, the prices of retail roller and breakfast maize meal have declined by between 34 and 51% in the major urban markets of Zambia between 1994 and 2010. 2. Inflation-adjusted wholesale maize grain prices have also declined over this period but by a smaller amount. 3. Inflation-adjusted marketing margins between the wholesale price of maize grain and the retail prices of roller and breakfast meal have declined from 41% to 64% since the early 1990s when the market liberalization process began. Since the early 1990s, there has been substantial new investment in commercial maize milling as well as by the informal hammer milling industry. Enhanced competition at this stage in the maize value chain appears to have conferred important food security benefits to urban consumers.
Dissecting starburst galaxies with infrared observations
Creators: name: van der Werf, Paul P.
name: Snijders, Leonie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The infrared regime contains a number of unique diagnostic features for probing the astrophysics of starburst galaxies. After a brief summary of the most important tracers, we focus in detail on the use of emission lines to probe the upper part of the main sequence in a young superstarcluster in the Antennae, and the compact, dusty starburst in the nucleus of the nearby ultraluminous infrared galaxy Arp220
description: invited talk, to appear in Starburst - from 30 Doradus to Lyman break galaxies, eds. R. de Grijs and R.M. Gonzalez-Delgado; 6 pages with 4 figures
The Tully-Fisher relation of distant cluster galaxies
Creators: name: Bamford, S. P.
name: Milvang-Jensen, B.
name: Aragon-Salamanca, A.
name: Simard, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have measured maximum rotation velocities (Vrot) for a sample of 111 emission-line galaxies with 0.1 < z < 1, observed in the fields of 6 clusters. From these data we construct 'matched' samples of 58 field and 22 cluster galaxies, covering similar ranges in redshift (0.25 < z < 1.0) and luminosity (M_B < -19.5 mag), and selected in a homogeneous manner. We find the distributions of M_B, Vrot, and scalelength, to be very similar for the two samples. However, using the Tully-Fisher relation (TFR) we find that cluster galaxies are systematically offset with respect to the field sample by -0.7+-0.2 mag. This offset is significant at 3 sigma and persists when we account for an evolution of the field TFR with redshift. Extensive tests are performed to investigate potential differences between the measured emission lines and derived rotation curves of the cluster and field samples. However, no such differences which could affect the derived Vrot values and account for the offset are found. The most likely explanation for the TFR offset is that giant spiral galaxies in distant clusters are on average brighter, for a given rotation velocity, than those in the field. We discuss the potential mechanisms responsible for this, and consider alternative explanations.
description: 19 pages, 13 figures, accepted by MNRAS
The Missing Luminous Blue Variables and the Bistability Jump
Creators: name: Smith, Nathan
name: Vink, Jorick S.
name: de Koter, Alex
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss an interesting feature of the distribution of luminous blue variables on the H-R diagram, and we propose a connection with the bistability jump in the winds of early-type supergiants. There appears to be a deficiency of quiescent LBVs on the S Dor instability strip at luminosities between log L/Lsun = 5.6 and 5.8. The upper boundary, is also where the temperature-dependent S Dor instability strip intersects the bistability jump at about 21,000 K. Due to increased opacity, winds of early-type supergiants are slower and denser on the cool side of the bistability jump, and we postulate that this may trigger optically-thick winds that inhibit quiescent LBVs from residing there. We conduct numerical simulations of radiation-driven winds for a range of temperatures, masses, and velocity laws at log L/Lsun=5.7 to see what effect the bistability jump should have. We find that for relatively low stellar masses the increase in wind density at the bistability jump leads to the formation of a modest to strong pseudo photosphere -- enough to make an early B-type star appear as a yellow hypergiant. Thus, the proposed mechanism will be most relevant for LBVs that are post-red supergiants. Yellow hypergiants like IRC+10420 and rho Cas occupy the same luminosity range as the ``missing'' LBVs, and show apparent temperature variations at constant luminosity. If these yellow hypergiants do eventually become Wolf-Rayet stars, we speculate that they may skip the normal LBV phase, at least as far as their apparent positions on the HR diagram are concerned.
description: 20 pages, 4 figs, accepted by ApJ
The Grand Experiment of Communism: Discovering the Trade-off between Equality and Efficiency (Previously titled: Cultural Transmission and the Pendulum of Economic Systems: The Case of Communism)
Creators: name: Farvaque, Etienne
name: Mihailov, Alexander
name: Naghavi, Alireza
name: Farvaque, Etienne
name: Mihailov, Alexander
name: Naghavi, Alireza
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Capitalism
subject: Communism
subject: Inequality
subject: Inefficiency
subject: Ideological Transmission
subject: Economic Transitions

description: This paper aims to explain the rise and fall of communism by exploring the interplay between economic incentives and social preferences transmitted by ideology. We introduce inequality-averse and inefficiency-averse agents and analyze their conflict through the interaction between leaders with economic power and followers with ideological determination. The socioeconomic dynamics of our model generate a pendulum-like switch from markets to a centrally-planned economy abolishing private ownership, and back to restoring market incentives. The grand experiment of communism is thus characterized to have led to the discovery of a trade-o¤ between equality and efficiency at the scale of alternative economic systems. While our focus is on the long-run transitions from capitalism to communism and back observed in the course of the 20-th century, the model also derives conditions under which each of the systems can remain stable.
description: Current version uploaded April 2013.
Evaluation of angiotensin I-converting enzyme inhibitory activity after in vitro digestion of soy protein isolate
Creators: name: Lo, Wendy Man Lee
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The generation of angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity in soy protein isolate (SPI) was determined after sequential digestion with pepsin and pancreatin using batch or dynamic model digestion systems. During batch digestion, higher ACE inhibitory activity was measured after the first 40 and 60 minutes of pepsin digestion (E:S = 1:25, pH 2, 37°C) than after subsequent digestion with pancreatin (E:S = 1:25, pH 7.5, 37°C, 120 min). At the end of 180 minutes of batch digestion, IC5 0 values of 0.28 + 0.04, 0.30 + 0.02, and 0.36 ± 0.01 mg/mL were determined for unheated SPI, blanched (100°C, 10 min)-pasteurized (75°C, 15 s) SPI, and blanched (100°C, 10 min)-sterilized (121°C, 20 min) SPI, respectively. In general, similar trends were observed during dynamic model digestion. However, both the degree of hydrolysis and the ACE inhibitory activity were influenced in the dynamic system by controlling pH and transit time between stomach and duodenum reactors to simulate conditions in the upper gastrointestinal tract. During the first 30 minutes of dynamic model digestion, significantly (p<0.05) higher ACE inhibitory activity was generated from unheated SPI after sequential digestion in both reactors compared to after peptic digestion - only in the stomach reactor. However, after 90 minutes, subsequent digestion by pancreatin of unheated SPI and blanched-sterilized SPI in the duodenum reactor resulted in significantly (p<0.05) lower ACE inhibitory activity compared to the corresponding peptic digests. At that time, IC50 values for unheated SPI, blanched-pasteurized SPI, and blanched-sterilized SPI were 0.38 + 0.01, 0.37 + 0.02, and 0.44 + 0.02 mg/mL, respectively. For both batch and dynamic digestion, heat processing of SPI by blanching and sterilizing decreased the ACE inhibitory activity of resulting soy digests. Chromatographic fractionation of unheated SPI digest resulted in IC50 values of active fractions ranging from 0.13 + 0.03 to 0.93 + 0.08 mg/mL. Although many of the fractions showed ACE inhibition, peptides with lower molecular weights and higher hydrophobicity were most active. This study suggests the potential generation of peptides with ACE inhibitory activity upon physiological digestion of soy protein, including products that have been subjected to heat processing.
Additional file 1 of HarmonizR: blocking and singular feature data adjustment improve runtime efficiency and data preservation
Creators: name: Schlumbohm, Simon
name: Neumann, Julia E.
name: Neumann, Philipp
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: Biochemistry
Biotechnology
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Information Systems not elsewhere classified
Cancer

description: Supplementary file 1.
Area response in wheat production: The Australian wheat-sheep zone: Comment
Creators: name: Parton, Kevin A.
name: Parton, Kevin A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: lagged dependent variables
subject: trending
subject: small-sample bias

description: This paper points out some difficulties in the econometric estimation of the original paper and suggests procedures for overcoming these.
Additional file 1 of Temporal expression patterns of fruit-specific α- EXPANSINS during cell expansion in bell pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)
Creators: name: Mayorga-Gómez, Andrés
name: Savithri U. Nambeesan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table 1. Primers for CaEXPAs and reference genes.
Area response in wheat production: The Australian wheat-sheep zone: Reply
Creators: name: Culas, Richard J.
name: Culas, Richard J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: Agribusiness
Productivity Analysis
Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: This paper is my reply to the comment (Parton, 2012) on my original paper (Culas, 2011). The issues pointed out in the comment are the circumstances under which the econometric method that I employed is applicable. My reply suggests the econometric techniques that could be more appropriate in various circumstances.
Charmonia enhancement in quark-gluon plasma with improved description of c-quarks phase-distribution
Creators: name: Gossiaux, Pol Bernard
name: Guiho, Vincent
name: Aichelin, Joerg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a dynamical model of heavy quark evolution in the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) based on the Fokker-Planck equation. We then apply this model to the case of central ultra-relativistic nucleus-nucleus collisions performed at RHIC and estimate the component of $J/ψ$ production (integrated and differential) stemming from c-$\bar{c}$ pairs that are initially uncorrelated.
description: contribution presented at SQM04
Modelli comportamentali dei consumatori e strategie di pricing della Grande Distribuzione Organizzata: implicazioni per le filiere agroalimentari
Creators: name: Russo, Carlo
name: Russo, Carlo
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Keywords: basket shoppers
subject: category management
subject: agricultural and food prices

description: The paper discusses the implications of the emerging consumers’ behavioral model for agri-food price distribution. The motivation of the study is the increasing relevance of the so-called basket-shoppers, which are consumers willing to buy multiple categories of products (including food) in a single occurrence. Their purchasing decisions are based on the maximization of utility from the whole basket, regardless of individual products. This social change prompted adaptations in the retail 2 industry and the emergence of strategies based on one-stop-shops and category management. Such strategies focus on the joint profit maximization from the entire consumers’ basket, without considering the margin on individual products. The paper develops a simple theoretical model to describe the implication of such adaptation on agri-food price trends. In particular, the paper shows that if the retail industry is composed of firms adopting category management techniques, food prices are less elastic and less correlated with the prices of agricultural products than they would be in the absence of such practices. Also, the model shows that agricultural price volatility increases and the margin on goods with inelastic demand (such as food) increases.
Atomic subgraphs and the statistical mechanics of networks
Creators: name: Wegner, Anatol E.
name: Olhede, Sofia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 05C80, 05C82, 05C65, 05C70

description: We develop random graph models where graphs are generated by connecting not only pairs of vertices by edges but also larger subsets of vertices by copies of small atomic subgraphs of arbitrary topology. This allows the for the generation of graphs with extensive numbers of triangles and other network motifs commonly observed in many real world networks. More specifically we focus on maximum entropy ensembles under constraints placed on the counts and distributions of atomic subgraphs and derive general expressions for the entropy of such models. We also present a procedure for combining distributions of multiple atomic subgraphs that enables the construction of models with fewer parameters. Expanding the model to include atoms with edge and vertex labels we obtain a general class of models that can be parametrized in terms of basic building blocks and their distributions that includes many widely used models as special cases. These models include random graphs with arbitrary distributions of subgraphs, random hypergraphs, bipartite models, stochastic block models, models of multilayer networks and their degree corrected and directed versions. We show that the entropy for all these models can be derived from a single expression that is characterized by the symmetry groups of atomic subgraphs.
description: 15 pages, 2 figures