cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Additional file 4 of Prevention of acquired sensorineural hearing loss in mice by in vivo Htra2 gene editing
Creators: name: Gu, Xi
name: Wang, Daqi
name: Xu, Zhijiao
name: Wang, Jinghan
name: Guo, Luo
name: Chai, Renjie
name: Li, Genglin
name: Shu, Yilai
name: Li, Huawei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Mental Health

description: Additional file 4. Source data of blots and gels.
Freedom in Nature
Creators: name: Hajicek, Petr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The paper starts with the proposal that the cause of the apparent insolubility of the free-will problem are several popular but strongly metaphysical notions and hypotheses. To reduce the metaphysics, some ideas are borrowed from physics. A concept of event causality is discussed. The importance of Hume's Principle of Causality is stressed and his Principle of Causation is weakened. The key concept of the paper, the so-called relative freedom, is also suggested by physics. It is a kind of freedom that can be observed everywhere in nature. Turning to biology, incomplete knowledge is defined for all organisms. They cope with the problem by Popper's trial and error processes. One source of their success is the relative freedom of choice from the basic option ranges: mutations, motions and neural connections. Finally, the conjecture is adopted that communicability can be used as a criterion of consciousness and free will is defined as a conscious version of relative freedom. The resulting notion is logically self-consistent and it describes an observable phenomenon that agrees with our experience.
description: Changes: Improved formulation, three references added; 22 pages, no figure. Comments are welcome
From black hole to white hole via the intermediate static state
Creators: name: Volovik, G. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the macroscopic quantum tunneling from the black hole to the white hole of the same mass. Previous calculations in Ref.[1] demonstrated that the probability of the tunneling is $p \propto \exp(-2S_\text{BH})$, where $S_\text{BH}$ is the entropy of the Schwarzschild black hole. This in particular suggests that the entropy of the white hole is with minus sign the entropy of the black hole, $S_\text{WH}(M)=- S_\text{BH}(M)= - A/(4G)$. Here we use a different way of calculations. We consider three different types of the hole objects: black hole, white hole and the fully static intermediate state. The probability of tunneling transitions between these three states is found using singularities in the coordinate transformations between these objects. The black and white holes are described by the Painleve-Gullstrand coordinates with opposite shift vectors, while the intermediate state is described by the static Schwarzschild coordinates. The singularities in the coordinate transformations lead to the imaginary part in the action, which determines the tunneling exponent. For the white hole the negative entropy is obtained, while the intermediate state -- the fully static hole -- has zero entropy. This procedure is extended to the Reissner-Nordström black hole and to its white and static partners, and also to the entropy and temperature of the de Sitter Universe.
description: 6 pages, no figures
Supplementary material: COVID-19 and the scientific publishing system: Growth, open access and scientific fields
Creators: name: Nane, Gabriela F.
name: Robinson-Garcia, Nicolas
name: Van Schalkwyk, François
name: Torres-Salinas, Daniel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: Supplementary material to study: COVID-19 and the scientific publishing system: Growth, open access and scientific fields
G-algebroids: a unified framework for exceptional and generalised geometry, and Poisson-Lie duality
Creators: name: Bugden, Mark
name: Hulik, Ondrej
name: Valach, Fridrich
name: Waldram, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce the notion of G-algebroid, generalising both Lie and Courant algebroids, as well as the algebroids used in $E_{n(n)}\times\mathbb{R}^+$ exceptional generalised geometry for $n\in\{3,\dots,6\}$. Focusing on the exceptional case, we prove a classification of "exact" algebroids and translate the related classification of Leibniz parallelisable spaces into a tractable algebraic problem. After discussing the general notion of Poisson-Lie duality, we show that the Poisson-Lie U-duality is compatible with the equations of motion of supergravity.
description: 17 pages, updated references
General study of superscaling in quasielastic $(e,e')$ and $(ν,μ)$ reactions using the relativistic impulse approximation
Creators: name: Caballero, J. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The phenomenon of superscaling for quasielastic lepton induced reactions at energies of a few GeV is investigated within the framework of the relativistic impulse approximation. A global analysis of quasielastic inclusive electron and charged-current neutrino scattering reactions on nuclei is presented. Scaling and superscaling properties are shown to emerge from both types of processes. The crucial role played by final state interactions is evaluated by using different approaches. The asymmetric shape presented by the experimental scaling function, with a long tail in the region of positive values of the scaling variable, is reproduced when the interaction in the final state between the knockout nucleon and the residual nucleus is described within the relativistic mean field approach. The impact of gauge ambiguities and off-shell effects in the scaling function is also analyzed.
description: 34 pages, 14 figures, accepted in Phys. Rev. C. Section II has been shortened
The structures and thermoelectric properties of the infinitely adaptive series (Bi2)m(Bi2Te3)n
Creators: name: Bos, J. W. G.
name: Zandbergen, H. W.
name: Lee, M. -H.
name: Ong, N. P.
name: Cava, R. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The structures and thermoelectric properties of the (Bi2)m(Bi2Te3)n homologous series, derived from stacking hexagonal Bi2 and Bi2Te3 blocks, are reported. The end-members of this series are metallic Bi and semiconducting Bi2Te3; nine members of the series have been studied. The structures form an infinitely adaptive series and a unified structural description based on a modulated structure approach is presented. The as-synthesized samples have thermopowers (S) that vary from n-type for Bi2Te3 to p-type for phases rich in Bi2 blocks but with some Bi2Te3 blocks present, to n-type again for Bi metal. The thermoelectric power factor (S2/rho) is highest for Bi metal (43 muW/K2 cm at 130 K), followed by Bi2Te3 (20 muW/K2 cm at 270 K), while Bi2Te (m:n = 5:2) and Bi7Te3 (m:n = 15:6) have 9 muW/K2 cm (at 240 K) and 11 muW/K2 (at 270 K), respectively. The results of doping studies with Sb and Se into Bi2Te are reported.
description: accepted for publication in PRB
Interplay of New Physics Effects in $(g-2)_\ell$ and $h\to\ell^+\ell^-$ -- Lessons from SMEFT
Creators: name: Fajfer, Svjetlana
name: Kamenik, Jernej F.
name: Tammaro, Michele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the interplay of New Physics (NP) effects in $(g-2)_\ell$ and $h \to \ell^+ \ell^-$ within the Standard Model Effective Field Theory (SMEFT) framework, including one-loop Renormalization Group (RG) evolution of the Wilson coefficients as well as matching to the observables below the electroweak symmetry breaking scale. We include both the leading dimension six chirality flipping operators including a Higgs and $SU(2)_L$ gauge bosons as well as four-fermion scalar and tensor operators, forming a closed operator set under the SMEFT RG equations. We compare present and future experimental sensitivity to different representative benchmark scenarios. We also consider two simple UV completions, a Two Higgs Doublet Model and a single scalar LeptoQuark extension of the SM, and show how tree level matching to SMEFT followed by the one-loop RG evolution down to the electroweak scale can reproduce with high accuracy the $(g-2)_\ell$ and $h \to \ell^+ \ell^-$ contributions obtained by the complete one- and even two-loop calculations in the full models.
description: 24 pages, 9 figures; v2: corrected typos, added Rb result for electron anomalous moment
Knowledge distillation from multi-modal to mono-modal segmentation networks
Creators: name: Hu, Minhao
name: Maillard, Matthis
name: Zhang, Ya
name: Ciceri, Tommaso
name: La Barbera, Giammarco
name: Bloch, Isabelle
name: Gori, Pietro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The joint use of multiple imaging modalities for medical image segmentation has been widely studied in recent years. The fusion of information from different modalities has demonstrated to improve the segmentation accuracy, with respect to mono-modal segmentations, in several applications. However, acquiring multiple modalities is usually not possible in a clinical setting due to a limited number of physicians and scanners, and to limit costs and scan time. Most of the time, only one modality is acquired. In this paper, we propose KD-Net, a framework to transfer knowledge from a trained multi-modal network (teacher) to a mono-modal one (student). The proposed method is an adaptation of the generalized distillation framework where the student network is trained on a subset (1 modality) of the teacher's inputs (n modalities). We illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed framework in brain tumor segmentation with the BraTS 2018 dataset. Using different architectures, we show that the student network effectively learns from the teacher and always outperforms the baseline mono-modal network in terms of segmentation accuracy.
description: MICCAI 2020
Leptonic CP and Flavor Violations in SUSY GUT with Right-handed Neutrinos
Creators: name: Hirao, Kaigo
name: Moroi, Takeo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study leptonic CP and flavor violations in supersymmetric (SUSY) grand unified theory (GUT) with right handed neutrinos, paying attention to the renormalization group effects on the slepton mass matrices due to the neutrino and GUT Yukawa interactions. In particular, we study in detail the impacts of the so-called Casas- Ibarra parameters on CP and flavor violating observables. The renormalization group effects induce CP and flavor violating elements of the SUSY breaking scalar mass squared matrices, which may result in sizable leptonic CP and flavor violating signals. Assuming seesaw formula for the active neutrino masses, the renormalization group effects have been often thought to be negligible as the right-handed neutrino masses become small. With the most general form of the neutrino Yukawa matrix, i.e., taking into account the Casas-Ibarra parameters, however, this is not the case. We found that the maximal possible sizes of signals of leptonic CP and flavor violating processes are found to be insensitive to the mass scale of the right-handed neutrinos and that they are as large as (or larger than) the present experimental bounds irrespective of the right-handed neutrino masses.
description: 23 pages, 8 figures
TEACHING THE ENGLISH FIRST ADDITIONAL LANGUAGE AS A LINGUA FRANCA TO CULTURALLY DIVERSE LEARNERS IN A SOUTH AFRICAN SCHOOL
Creators: name: Kepe, Mzukisi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Art
subject: 130204 English and Literacy Curriculum and Pedagogy (excl. LOTE, ESL and TESOL)
subject: FOS: Educational sciences
subject: 200405 Language in Culture and Society (Sociolinguistics)
subject: FOS: Languages and literature
subject: 200401 Applied Linguistics and Educational Linguistics

description: Pressured into learning by rote, learners appear to fail to benefit on the joys and delights of literacy, such as initiating discussions with the teacher in class, developing critical or analytical attitudes to items around them and discovering the inter-connectedness of texts that might have been gained through reading. Since several teachers appeared to be uncertain about making their learners’ needs a focus of instruction, poetry in this study, proved to be an answer. This study focussed on how the English First Additional Language can be taught as a Lingua Franca to culturally diverse learners through a literacy process view at Devos Malan’s high school learners in King Williams Town, in the Province of the Eastern Cape in South Africa. The study employed Atwell’s Reading Workshop to collect data. The study is qualitative and interpretive. This study proposed to concentrate on three remedies of the reading workshop: Reading a book of choice with time to read in class in a chosen school; intrinsic motivation; a literacy process view and environment/ecology and; reading and sharing poetry. Foucault’s Critical Discourse Analysis as a theoretical framework, informed this study. The study revealed a need to weigh each text-making against what the social relations with an audience are, what resources there are for making the text, what devices are going to be used, and how these fit with what is to be taught, taking into account the characteristics of the audience.
Perceptions of learners and teachers on the alternatives to the corporal punishment: a case study of two high schools in King William’s town education district in the Eastern Cape
Creators: name: Kepe, Mzukisi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 160506 Education Policy
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: Art
subject: 130205 Humanities and Social Sciences Curriculum and Pedagogy (excl. Economics, Business and Management)
subject: FOS: Educational sciences

description: The ground gaining concern on the increasing cases of learner’s indiscipline in schools currently and during the past number of years has become a cause of disagreement in schools. Researchers agree that indiscipline has led to concerns about academic performance, safety and security apprehensions in schools. This phenomenon includes reported incidents of casualties and fatalities within school premises in some schools in South Africa. We, therefore, premised the study within the interpretivist paradigm because it views reality as multi-layered and complex in which a single phenomenon could have multiple interpretations. Because of this, the main objective was to capture both learners and educators’ views on the effectiveness of Alternatives to Corporal Punishment (ATCP) used in schools espoused by the South African Government. The study sought to suggest disciplinary approaches that can lead to the development of self-discipline and responsible behaviour in learners contrary to ATCP, which are somewhat punitive, themselves. The study was eager to bring back discipline through striving for alternatives to the ATCP since they are not working.
Gesundheitsrelevantes Verhalten im Kontext. Eine international vergleichende Analyse des Einflusses von Umgebungsbedingungen auf das Gesundheitsverhalten von Kindern und Jugendlichen
Creators: name: Czerwinski, Fabian
Publisher: name: Universität Bielefeld
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 610

description: **Zusammenfassung**

 *Hintergrund:* Viele Weichen für die Gesundheit im Verlauf des Lebens werden in der Kindheit und Jugend gestellt. Dem gesundheitsrelevanten Verhalten in dieser Altersgruppe wird in der Forschung demnach eine große Aufmerksamkeit gewidmet. Die meisten Ansätze zur Erklärung dieses Verhaltensspektrums konzentrieren sich auf Merkmale des Individuums, wohingegen Merkmale der Lebenswelten junger Menschen häufig vernach-lässigt oder ignoriert werden. Hier setzt die vorliegende Arbeit an und analysiert Zusammenhänge zwischen drei Formen gesundheitsrelevanten Verhaltens (körperliche Aktivität, Tabak- und übermäßiger Alkoholkonsum) und Aspekten der familiären, schulischen und gesamtgesellschaftlichen Umwelt. Den theoretischen Rahmen bilden sozial-ökologische Modelle, die mit Elementen anderer theoretischer Ansätze angereichert werden.

 *Methodik:* Die Primärdaten dieser Arbeit stammen aus der „Health Behaviour in School-aged Children“ (HBSC)-Studie, die im Jahr 2009/2010 in insgesamt 43 Ländern in Europa und Nordamerika durchgeführt worden ist. Ergänzend zu den Angaben der befragten Schülerinnen und Schüler im Alter von 11-15 Jahren sind Informationen zu politischen und ökonomischen Merkmalen auf der nationalen Ebene aus diversen Datenquellen genutzt worden, um mithilfe von linearen und logistischen Mehrebenenmodellen Stärke und Richtung der Assoziationen zu bestimmen.

 *Ergebnisse:* Die Analysen zeigen, dass der größte Teil der Varianz aller drei Verhaltensweisen auf der individuellen Ebene liegt. Die beiden untersuchten Formen des Substanzkonsums sind stärker kontextabhängig als das Bewegungsverhalten und zeigen einen Varianzanteil von bis zu 26 % auf schulischer und nationaler Ebene. Darüber hinaus hängen einige der strukturellen Merkmale mit dem gesundheitsrelevanten Verhalten der Kinder und Jugendlichen zusammen. Besonders die Prävalenzen des entsprechenden Verhaltens unter den Mitschüler*innen und in der Gesamtbevölkerung zeigen sich konsistent als Korrelate. Die Modelle zeigen überdies viele geschlechtsspezifische Assoziationsmuster, bspw. hängt schulischer Stress nur bei Jungen mit einem erhöhten Risiko für Tabakkonsum zusammen, während Mädchen bei berichtetem Stress häufiger übermäßigen Alkoholkonsum angaben.

 *Diskussion:* Die erzielten Ergebnisse können einige neue Erkenntnisse zum Verständnis der drei Formen gesundheitsrelevanten Verhaltens von 11-15-Jährigen beisteuern. Sie könnten zudem unterstützend bei der Konzeptionierung und Evaluation geschlechtersensibler Interventionen genutzt werden, die neben Determinanten des individuellen Verhaltens auch strukturelle Merkmale auf verschiedenen Ebenen der Lebenswelt (Familie, Schule, Freunde, Gesellschaft) adressieren.
An Investigation into the Disciplinary Measures used in South African Schools: How Effective are they to the Learners?
Creators: name: Kepe, Mzukisi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 200401 Applied Linguistics and Educational Linguistics
subject: FOS: Languages and literature
subject: 160506 Education Policy
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: Education
subject: 130313 Teacher Education and Professional Development of Educators
subject: FOS: Educational sciences

description: The ground gaining concern on the increasing cases of learner’s indiscipline in schools currently and during the past number of years has become a cause of disagreement in schools. Researchers agree that indiscipline has led to concerns about academic performance, safety and security apprehensions in schools. This phenomenon includes reported incidents of casualties and fatalities within school premises in some schools in South Africa. We, therefore, premised the study within the interpretivist paradigm because it views reality as multi-layered and complex in which a single phenomenon could have multiple interpretations. Because of this, the main objective was to capture both learners and educators’ views on the effectiveness of Alternatives to Corporal Punishment (ATCP) used in schools espoused by the South African Government. The study sought to suggest disciplinary approaches that can lead to the development of self-discipline and responsible behaviour in learners contrary to ATCP, which are somewhat punitive, themselves. The study is a slice based on Dr Kepe’s published M Ed thesis in the Faculty of Education, University of Fort Hare, with the former supervisor, as co-author. Against this backdrop, the study was eager to bring back discipline through striving for alternatives to the ATCP since they are not working.
L’età dell’indulgenza digitale. Lo smart working alla sfida della digital sobriety
Creators: name: Pompa, Leonardo
Publisher: name: Department of Economics and Business Studies, University of Genoa
Year: 2021
Subjects: Organization

description: L’emergenza legata alla diffusione del Covid-19 ha stimolato massicciamente il ricorso allo smart working. Questo, nella retorica che va prendendo forma, è pressoché unanimemente descritto come il lavoro del futuro, grazie al quale si potrà realizzare un armonico equilibrio tra le esigenze di riassetto occupazionale e le istanze proprie di una crescita sostenibile. In questo quadro, se da un lato i benefici derivanti della digitalizzazione dei processi di lavoro sono opportunamente enfatizzati, dall’altra parte i pesanti impatti che le soluzioni ICT generano sull’ambiente non vengono presi minimamente in considerazione. Questa omissione rende l’emergente retorica sullo smart working non solo incompleta, ma anche potenzialmente fuorviante. Il presente contributo intende riportare l’attenzione sul tema della “sobrietà digitale”, la quale, se opportunamente considerata, potrà fornire indicazioni utili a orientare la flessibilità lavorativa verso una sostenibilità finalmente autentica.
(Re)thinking work in SMEs
Creators: name: Sardi, Alberto
name: Sinicropi, Silvia
name: Garengo, Patrizia
Publisher: name: Department of Economics and Business Studies, University of Genoa
Year: 2021
Subjects: Organization

description: Purpose. The improvement in the management of knowledge and technology is leading to (re)thinking an innovative organizational model based on flexible work, namely “smart working.” This paper presents the main benefits of smart working, the Italian legislation, and some case studies in Veneto small and medium enterprises (SMEs), one of the most prosperous and important economic areas in Europe. Design / methodology / approach. An exploratory approach was adopted to describe smart working and to investigate certain Italian SMEs to evaluate the real implementation of smart working according to the key variables of smart working implementation and the critical success factors of the smart working design. Findings. The research highlights a poor implementation of smart working in SMEs; however, there are already initiatives related to flexible work based on informal activities. Practical implications. By showing evidence on smart working in an economically advanced European region, it sheds light on how flexible work plays out in a real context.
Dim Isolated Neutron Stars, Cooling and Energy Dissipation
Creators: name: Alpar, M. Ali
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The cooling and reheating histories of dim isolated neutron stars(DINs) are discussed. Energy dissipation due to dipole spindown with ordinary and magnetar fields, and due to torques from a fallback disk are considered as alternative sources of reheating which would set the temperature of the neutron star after the initial cooling era. Cooling or thermal ages are related to the numbers and formation rates of the DINs and therefore to their relations with other isolated neutron star populations. Interaction with a fallback disk, higher multipole fields and activity of the neutron star are briefly discussed.
description: To appear in Astrophysics and Space Science, in the proceedings of the conference "Isolated Neutron Stars: from the Interior to the Surface", London, April 2006; eds. D. Page, R. Turolla and S. Zane. Revised version: with minor change and typos corrected
Implications of Nominal Constructions for the Definition of Word in Mixtec
Creators: name: Macri, Martha J.
name: Hinton, Leanne
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2020
Subjects: Chalcatongo de Hidalgo Mixtec language

description: Class paper, photocopy of typed original, with instructor's handwritten comments. Handwriting faded in photocopy; reverse side of first page (see "OVER") not included in photocopy.
Learning Curve Theory
Creators: name: Hutter, Marcus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recently a number of empirical "universal" scaling law papers have been published, most notably by OpenAI. `Scaling laws' refers to power-law decreases of training or test error w.r.t. more data, larger neural networks, and/or more compute. In this work we focus on scaling w.r.t. data size $n$. Theoretical understanding of this phenomenon is largely lacking, except in finite-dimensional models for which error typically decreases with $n^{-1/2}$ or $n^{-1}$, where $n$ is the sample size. We develop and theoretically analyse the simplest possible (toy) model that can exhibit $n^{-β}$ learning curves for arbitrary power $β>0$, and determine whether power laws are universal or depend on the data distribution.
description: 26 pages, 6 Figures
Towards overcoming poor readership and building reading culture of in schools
Creators: name: Kepe, Mzukisi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 200401 Applied Linguistics and Educational Linguistics
subject: FOS: Languages and literature
subject: Linguistics
subject: 200302 English Language
subject: 200303 English as a Second Language

description: The cornerstone of academic achievement and the foundation for success across the curriculum is learning to read and write proficiently. In view of this, the purpose of this paper is to find strategies that can overcome poor readership in schools. Teaching reading to EFAL from different backgrounds can be a challenging task in the world in general and South Africa in particular. In confirmation of the above, very little research has been carried out in the teaching of reading from a constructivist perspective, the rationale for this study. The main aim of this paper therefore is to come up with different approaches that may entice learners into the act of reading.The paper is based on a longitudinal project which set out to build a culture of reading among high school learners in De Vos Malan in King William’s Town District in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa. The qualitative method through a case study design was applied. The study is interpretive in nature. The study revealed that learners can be enticed to read through helping them to enjoy reading by providing appropriate text and approaches to reading. It concluded that learning to read can result easily to reading to learn. It is recommended that reading should be thought as a social practice to curb fear and anxiety
Translanguaging in the Culturally Diverse Classrooms of a South African School: Towards Improving Academic Success and Literacy Competencies, a Paradigm Shift to Translingualism?
Creators: name: Kepe, Mzukisi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Art
subject: Linguistics
subject: FOS: Languages and literature
subject: 200401 Applied Linguistics and Educational Linguistics
subject: 200302 English Language
subject: 200405 Language in Culture and Society (Sociolinguistics)

description: In this study, I have argued that language structure should be adapted and shaped by the task of producing talk and meaning for others in human interaction in ways that give shape to a particular social world. This premise was seen in the context for this study - the multi-racial school of De Vos Malan High School in King Williams Town, in the Province of the Eastern Cape in South Africa. The total number of learners who took part in the study was 18 (9 females and 9 males). Their ages ranged from 13 to 17 with a mean age of 15.8. They were selected according to their academic performance in English First Additional Language (EFAL) and English Home Language. The study was informed by Gutiérrez’s (1995) Third Space as a theoretical framework. The central question asked how EFAL learners could be taught through translanguaging pedagogy in the culturally diverse classrooms of a South African school. The methodology for the study was interpretive and qualitative in nature. The context underpinned the conclusions of the study which were drawn from key findings from journaling, observation and Gibbon’s curriculum cycle. Results revealed a need to attend to contradictions and rethink a strict temporal analysis of classrooms - that is, a diachronic view of talk and interaction in classroom activity - to a view of classrooms as having multiple, layered, and conflicting activity systems with various interconnections. Based on these findings, I have proposed an unorthodox approach to pre-writing structure and language use, and a cognizance of the importance of affording students agency.
The Seiberg-Witten equations and the Weinstein conjecture
Creators: name: Taubes, Clifford Henry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57R17; 57R57

description: Let M denote a compact, oriented 3-manifold and let a denote a contact 1-form on M. This article proves that the vector field that generates the kernel of the 2-form da has at least one closed, integral curve.
description: This new version has some minor corrections
Chandra Observations of the Planck ESZ Sample: A Re-Examination of Masses and Mass Proxies
Creators: name: Andrade-Santos, Felipe
name: Pratt, Gabriel W.
name: Melin, Jean-Baptiste
name: Arnaud, Monique
name: Jones, Christine
name: Forman, William R.
name: Pointecouteau, Etienne
name: Bartalucci, Iacopo
name: Vikhlinin, Alexey
name: Murray, Stephen S.
name: Mazzotta, Pasquale
name: Borgani, Stefano
name: Lovisari, Lorenzo
name: van Weeren, Reinout J.
name: Kraft, Ralph P.
name: David, Laurence P.
name: Giacintucci, Simona
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using Chandra observations, we derive the $Y_{\rm X}$ proxy and associated total mass measurement, $M_{500}^{\rm Y_X}$, for 147 clusters with $z \leq 0.35$ from the Planck Early Sunyaev-Zel'dovich catalog, and for 80 clusters with $z \leq 0.30$ from an X-ray flux-limited sample. We re-extract the Planck $Y_{\rm SZ}$ measurements and obtain the corresponding mass proxy, $M_{500}^{\rm SZ}$, from the full Planck mission maps, minimizing the Malmquist bias due to observational scatter. The masses re-extracted using the more precise X-ray position and characteristic size agree with the published PSZ2 values, but yield a significant reduction in the scatter (by a factor of two) in the $M_{500}^{\rm SZ}$-$M_{500}^{\rm X}$ relation. The slope is $0.93\pm0.03$, and the median ratio, $M_{500}^{\rm SZ}/M_{500}^{\rm X}= 0.91\pm0.01$, is within the expectations from known X-ray calibration systematics. The $Y_{\rm SZ}/Y_{\rm X}$ ratio is $0.88\pm0.02$, in good agreement with predictions from cluster structure, and implying a low level of clumpiness. In agreement with the findings of the Planck Collaboration, the slope of the $Y_{\rm SZ}$-$D_{\rm A}^{-2} Y_{X}$ flux relation is significantly less than unity ($0.89\pm0.01$). Using extensive simulations, we show that this result is not due to selection effects, intrinsic scatter, or covariance between quantities. We demonstrate analytically that changing the $Y_{\rm SZ}$-$Y_{X}$ relation from apparent flux to intrinsic properties results in a best-fit slope that is closer to unity and increases the dispersion about the relation. The redistribution resulting from this transformation implies that the best fit parameters of the $M_{500}^{\rm SZ}$-$M_{500}^{\rm X}$ relation will be sample-dependent.
description: 28 pages, 15 figures, and 6 tables. Accepted for publication in ApJ
Testing the Disk-Locking Paradigm: An Association Between U-V Excess and Rotation in NGC 2264
Creators: name: Fallscheer, Cassandra
name: Herbst, William
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present some results from a UVI photometric study of a field in the young open cluster NGC 2264 aimed, in part, at testing whether accretion in pre-main sequence stars is linked to rotation. We confirm that U-V excess is well correlated with H-alpha equivalent width for the stars in our sample. We show that for the more massive stars in the cluster sample (roughly 0.4-1.2 M_sun) there is also a significant association between U-V excess and rotation, in the sense that slow rotators are more likely to show excess U-band emission and variability. This constitutes significant new evidence in support of the disk-locking paradigm.
description: Accepted by ApJ Letters
Un framework concettuale per la valutazione delle startup innovative
Creators: name: Querci, Francesca
name: Ricci, Stefano
Publisher: name: Department of Economics and Business Studies, University of Genoa
Year: 2021
Subjects: Banking

description: Innovative startup evaluation represents a topic of great interest and relevance both for scholars and practitioners. Traditional corporate evaluation models cannot be applied to startups given their peculiarities. Many solutions have been developed in theory, but our review of the empirical research highlights the need for a unitary conceptual framework for startup evaluation. Our paper is particularly addressed to prospective entrepreneurs and start uppers, who need to understand the potential investors’ view to bring to light the features of their projects that can attract financial resources.
First-Order Logic Foundation of Relativity Theories
Creators: name: Madarasz, Judit X.
name: Nemeti, Istvan
name: Szekely, Gergely
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Motivation and perspective for an exciting new research direction interconnecting logic, spacetime theory, relativity--including such revolutionary areas as black hole physics, relativistic computers, new cosmology--are presented in this paper. We would like to invite the logician reader to take part in this grand enterprise of the new century. Besides general perspective and motivation, we present initial results in this direction.
description: 25 pages, 4 figures
Beliefs of Students About Their Translanguaging Practices in a South African University Item
Creators: name: Kepe, Mzukisi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Art
subject: 130205 Humanities and Social Sciences Curriculum and Pedagogy (excl. Economics, Business and Management)
subject: FOS: Educational sciences
subject: Linguistics
subject: FOS: Languages and literature
subject: 200401 Applied Linguistics and Educational Linguistics

description: With the demise of apartheid following the advent of democracy in 1994, English language domination continues unabated in South African mainstream schools and institutions of higher learning. Consequently, the English language hegemony became a deficit to most students from less-affluent backgrounds who were required to learn the English language as the first additional. This situation follows as researchers agree that students learning English as First Additional Language (EFAL) battle with conceptualisation and struggle to classify added information at universities in South Africa. To help maximise the learners’ and the teachers’ linguistic resources in problem-solving and knowledge construction, this study explores the beliefs of students about their translanguaging practices during pre-writing at the University of Fort Hare, South Africa. The central question was: What are the students’ beliefs about their translanguaging practices in a South African university? This case study focused on five third?year students from the Bachelor of Education Undergraduate Class. The participants range in age 18 to 35. The researcher is an insider, presenting English Methodology to these students. The study was conducted through the students’ pre-writing process with the Gibbons Curriculum Cycle aid to collect data. Translatability theory as a theoretical framework informed the study. The study revealed that when translanguaging is adopted, it accommodates cultural and linguistic practices negotiation. It is informed by plurality to reflect a broad diversity of global settings, whilst accommodating successful communication, including in our language classrooms.
Dynamic mode decomposition of magnetohydrodynamic bubble chain flow in a rectangular vessel
Creators: name: Klevs, Martins
name: Birjukovs, Mihails
name: Zvejnieks, Peteris
name: Jakovics, Andris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We showcase the dynamic mode decomposition (DMD) code developed for applications in two-phase flow analysis. Vertical bubble chain flow in a rectangular vessel filled with liquid gallium is studied without and with applied static horizontal magnetic field (MF) and DMD is applied to the velocity fields computed via volume of fluid simulations. Flow patterns are investigated in the vessel and bubble reference frames. We demonstrate the effect of applied MF and gas flow rate on bubble wake flow and larger scale flow structures within the liquid metal vessel by examining velocity field mode statistics over trajectory time and total flow time, as well as the computed mode velocity fields.
An evaluation of adaptive noise cancellation as a technique for enhancing the intelligibility of noise-corrupted speech for the hearing impaired
Creators: name: Neufeld, Leona Arlene
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The speech-to-noise ratio required under noisy conditions so that intelligibility is comparable to that in quiet is significantly higher for a hearing-impaired individual than a normal-hearing person. In this research a simple, efficient, real-time implementation of a single-input speechenhancement scheme, designed to increase the intelligibility of speech corrupted by additive noise using adaptive noise cancellation (ANC) techniques was evaluated with speech-discrimination tests using hearing-impaired subjects. Although many single-input speech-enhancement schemes have been shown to provide insignificant gains for the normal-hearing person, this work found that a hearing-impaired person’s ability to understand the speech processed using ANC can improve noticeably, as compared to results obtained with unprocessed speech. The algorithm takes advantage of a novel speech-detection algorithm recently developed at the University of British Columbia to classify individual signal segments as silence or speech; the coefficients of an adaptive filter are updated during signal periods classified as ‘silence’. Two variants of the least-mean square (LMS) algorithm, the leaky- and normalized-LMS, are integrated in the weight-update process to produce a noise-reduction scheme which adapts itself to the power of the input signal and also corrects for ill-conditioned inputs. The resulting speech-enhancement scheme is most effective with narrowband, quasi-stationary noises and robust under changing noise conditions. Although often used individually, to our knowledge the incorporation of both LMS variants into a single algorithm is unique to this research. Speech Perception in Noise (SPIN) tests were used on eight hearing-impaired subjects to evaluate the algorithm’s performance. Two types of noise background were used. Of the four subjects who heard motor noise, raw scores increased by 20 percent for the enhanced speech. These results were shown to be statistically significant using a two-way analysis of variance with repeated measures. However for those who heard babble or ‘cafeteria’ noise, the speech-enhancement process evidenced little improvement over scores from unprocessed speech. Further clinical evaluation is necessary, with a larger sample base, since the limited size of the study sample precluded assessing the algorithm with respect to specific subject factors such as degree or type of hearing loss.
Stellar feedback impact on the ionized gas kinematics in the dwarf galaxy Sextans A
Creators: name: Gerasimov, Ivan S.
name: Egorov, Oleg V.
name: Lozinskaya, Tatiana A.
name: Moiseev, Alexei V.
name: Oparin, Dmitry V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Feedback from massive stars shapes the ISM and affects the evolution of galaxies, but its mechanisms acting at the small scales ($\sim 10$ pc) are still not well constrained observationally, especially in the low-metallicity environments. We present the analysis of the ionized gas (focusing on its kinematics, which were never studied before), and its connection to the massive stars in the nearby ($D \sim 1.4$ Mpc) star-forming very metal-poor ($Z\sim 0.07 Z_\odot$) galaxy Sextans A. The analysis is based on the observations with a scanning Fabry-Perot interferometer, long-slit spectroscopy and imaging in emission lines with narrow-band tunable filters. We found 10 expanding superbubbles of ionized gas with ages of 1-3 Myr. We argue that 3 of them are probable supernovae remnants, while the pre-supernovae feedback is an important source of energy for blowing-out the remaining superbubbles. The two brightest sites of star formation exhibit signs of outflowing ionized gas, which is traced by its ionized and atomic gas kinematics and (in one case) by its emission line flux ratios. Overall, the ionized gas kinematics in Sextans A is highly affected by the feedback from several generations of massive stars and inconsistent with the mere solid-body rotation observed in atomic hydrogen.
description: 19 pages, 12 figures, 5 tables. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Screening correlators with chiral Fermions
Creators: name: Gavai, R. V.
name: Gupta, Sourendu
name: Lacaze, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study screening correlators of quark-antiquark composites at T=2T_c, where T_c is the QCD phase transition temperature, using overlap quarks in the quenched approximation of lattice QCD. As the lattice spacing is changed from 1/4T to a=1/6T and 1/8T, we find that screening correlators change little, in contrast with the situation for other types of lattice fermions. All correlators are close to the ideal gas prediction at small separations. The long distance falloff is clearly exponential, showing that a parametrization by a single screening length is possible at distances z > 1/T. The correlator corresponding to the thermal vector is close to the ideal gas value at all distances, whereas that for the thermal scalar deviates at large distances. This is examined through the screening lengths and momentum space correlators. There is strong evidence that the screening transfer matrix does not have reflection positivity.
description: 10 pages, 9 figs
The automatic recognition of intermodulation, hum and snow noise in cable television systems
Creators: name: Gresseth, Reidar
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2008

description: A system which automatically monitors the cable television signal is proposed. The monitoring devices, located at key areas in the television network, would alert the cable company to the presence of several important types of television impairments. In this thesis, the automatic detection of three kinds of impairments is discussed; intermodulation carrier beats, hum modulation and snow noise. The detection algorithms we develop are non-intrusive and do not require the use of test signals. A mathematical model which describes an intermodulation carrier beat is developed and the corresponding 2-dimensional Fourier transform is shown to exhibit properties which are advantageous for automatic recognition. In particular, it is shown that four peaks will appear in the Fourier transform of the image if a beat is present. These peaks possess distinguishing characteristics which allow the automatic detection of the beat. Another television impairment, hum modulation, causes either single or double bands on the television screen depending upon the impairment's frequency. By using the theory of orthogonal functions developed by Sturm and Liouville, a general algorithm is developed which recognizes hum modulation or any impairment of a fixed and known shape. The algorithm is applied to the case of a sinusoidal hum function. Finally, snow noise, which is a random white Gaussian noise, is addressed. An algorithm is developed which detects these random variations by comparing each pixel in the image with neighbouring points. Experimental verification done with several images is shown to produce good results even if the level of noise is small (up to carrier to noise ratio of 35 dB).
Inversion of the Diffraction Pattern from an Inhomogeneously Strained Crystal using an Iterative Algorithm
Creators: name: Minkevich, A. A.
name: Gailhanou, M.
name: Micha, J. -S.
name: Charlet, B.
name: Chamard, V.
name: Thomas, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The displacement field in highly non uniformly strained crystals is obtained by addition of constraints to an iterative phase retrieval algorithm. These constraints include direct space density uniformity and also constraints to the sign and derivatives of the different components of the displacement field. This algorithm is applied to an experimental reciprocal space map measured using high resolution X-ray diffraction from an array of silicon lines and the obtained component of the displacement field is in very good agreement with the one calculated using a finite element model.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Multiple-magnon excitations shape the spin spectrum of cuprate parent compounds
Creators: name: Betto, Davide
name: Fumagalli, Roberto
name: Martinelli, Leonardo
name: Rossi, Matteo
name: Piombo, Riccardo
name: Yoshimi, Kazuyoshi
name: Di Castro, Daniele
name: Di Gennaro, Emiliano
name: Sambri, Alessia
name: Bonn, Doug
name: Sawatzky, George A.
name: Braicovich, Lucio
name: Brookes, Nicholas B.
name: Lorenzana, Jose
name: Ghiringhelli, Giacomo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Thanks to high resolution and polarization analysis, resonant inelastic x-ray scattering (RIXS) magnetic spectra of La2CuO4, Sr2CuO2Cl2 and CaCuO2 reveal a rich set of properties of the spin 1/2 antiferromagnetic square lattice of cuprates. The leading single-magnon peak energy dispersion is in excellent agreement with the corresponding inelastic neutron scattering measurements. However, the RIXS data unveil an asymmetric lineshape possibly due to odd higher order terms. Moreover, a sharp bimagnon feature emerges from the continuum at (1/2,0), coincident in energy with the bimagnon peak detected in optical spectroscopy. These findings show that the inherently complex spin spectra of cuprates, an exquisite manifestation of quantum magnetism, can be effectively explored by exploiting the richness of RIXS cross sections.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures