cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Invariant operator due to F. Klein quantizes H. Poincare's dodecahedral 3-manifold
Creators: name: Kramer, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The eigenmodes of the Poincaré dodecahedral 3-manifold $M$ are constructed as eigenstates of a novel invariant operator. The topology of $M$ is characterized by the homotopy group $π_1(M)$, given by loop composition on $M$, and by the isomorphic group of deck transformations $deck(\tilde{M})$, acting on the universal cover $\tilde{M}$. ($π_1(M)$, $\tilde{M}$) are known to be the binary icosahedral group ${\cal H}_3$ and the sphere $S^3$ respectively. Taking $S^3$ as the group manifold $SU(2,C)$ it is shown that $deck(\tilde{M}) \sim {\cal H}^r_3$ acts on $SU(2,C)$ by right multiplication. A semidirect product group is constructed from ${\cal H}^r_3$ as normal subgroup and from a second group ${\cal H}^c_3$ which provides the icosahedral symmetries of $M$. Based on F. Klein's fundamental icosahedral ${\cal H}_3$-invariant, we construct a novel hermitian ${\cal H}_3$-invariant polynomial (generalized Casimir) operator ${\cal K}$. Its eigenstates with eigenvalues $κ$ quantize a complete orthogonal basis on Poincaré's dodecahedral 3-manifold. The eigenstates of lowest degree $λ=12$ are 12 partners of Klein's invariant polynomial. The analysis has applications in cosmic topology \cite{LA},\cite{LE}. If the Poincaré 3-manifold $M$ is assumed to model the space part of a cosmos, the observed temperature fluctuations of the cosmic microwave background must admit an expansion in eigenstates of ${\cal K}$.
description: 31 pages, 1 figure, revised version
MORPHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF THE LYMPHOID APPARATUS OF THE SPLEEN IN POSTNATAL DEVELOPMENT
Creators: name: Khairiyeva, Dilshoda
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: In postnatal development, the lymphoid apparatus of the spleen very effectively undergoes a full cycle of age-related restructuring, which indicates obvious immune changes in the body at this age. Thus, the spleen of animals of the age corresponding to the thoracic period looks morphologically quite unprepared: with foci of myelopoiesis in the red pulp, with a relatively small volume of white pulp, presented mainly by periarterial lymphoid sheaths (PALS), predominantly small and average, as well as newly formed lymphoid nodules, enveloped in a halo of the marginal zone with unconvincing and unclear outlines.
title: Non Traditional Sex Role Socialisation: Parents' Perceptions Of Non-Sexist Childrearing
Creators: name: Statham, June A.
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 1984

description: Despite a growth of research documenting attempts to counteract sex role stereotypes in the school and work environments and in the media, little is known about non-traditional sex role-socialisation within the home. This study explored the aims, philosophy and reported practice of thirty white, middle-class parents committed to non-sexist childrearing, who between them had eighteen daughters and twelve sons aged six months to eleven years. Data was collected through semi-structured interviewing, mostly carried out in 1979 and 1980, and four case-study' families were visited over a three-year period. The main finding was that the conception of non-sexist child-rearing held by these parents was more complex than the social learning position originally stressed by the Women's Liberation Movement, with its emphasis on controlling the child's environment in terms of toys, clothes, books, parental models and reinforcement patterns. The parents in this study also took account of the child's active participation in the socialisation process, of psychological factors within themselves and the dynamics of their relationship with their children, and of the role of economic and structural factors in limiting the possibilities for sex role change. They adopted an androgynous conception of sex roles and saw themselves as opening up more options for their children rather than as trying to reverse traditional sex roles or to make both sexes more masculine or more feminine. Non-sexist childrearing was perceived to be more difficult with sons than daughters, and most parents expressed greater ambivalence about raising sons in a less sex-stereotyped way. The emphasis in non-sexist childrearing was on altering the socialisation of daughters, and the impetus for sex role change came from women
Discovery of magnetic single- and triple-Q states in Mn/Re(0001)
Creators: name: Spethmann, Jonas
name: Meyer, Sebastian
name: von Bergmann, Kirsten
name: Wiesendanger, Roland
name: Heinze, Stefan
name: Kubetzka, André
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We experimentally verify the existence of two model-type magnetic ground states which were previously predicted but so far unobserved. We find them in Mn monolayers on the Re(0001) surface using spin-polarized scanning tunneling microscopy. For fcc stacking of Mn the collinear row-wise antiferromagnetic state occurs, whereas for hcp Mn a three-dimensional spin structure appears, which is a superposition of three row-wise antiferromagnetic states and is known as triple-Q state. Density functional theory calculations elucidate the subtle interplay of different magnetic interactions to form these spin structures and provide insight into the role played by relativistic effects.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Energy landscape and rigidity
Creators: name: Naumis, Gerardo G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effects of floppy modes in the thermodynamical properties of a system are studied. From thermodynamical arguments, we deduce that floppy modes are not at zero frequency and thus a modified Debye model is used to take into account this effect. The model predicts a deviation from the Debye law at low temperatures. Then, the connection between the topography of the energy landscape, the topology of the phase space and the rigidity of a glass is explored. As a result, we relate the number of constraints and floppy modes with the statistics of the landscape. We apply these ideas to a simple model for which we provide an approximate expression for the number of energy basins as a function of the rigidity. This allows to understand certains features of the glass transition, like the jump in the specific heat or the reversible window observed in chalcogenide glasses.
description: 1 text+3 eps figures
Unified description of the $Qs \bar q \bar q$ molecular bound states, molecular resonances and compact tetraquark states in the quark potential model
Creators: name: Chen, Yan-Ke
name: Wu, Wei-Lin
name: Meng, Lu
name: Zhu, Shi-Lin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the mass spectrum of the $Qs\bar q \bar q$ $(Q=c, b)$ tetraquark states with $J^P=(0,1,2)^+$ using the AL1 quark potential model, which successfully describes the conventional hadron spectrum. We employ the Gaussian expansion method to solve the four-body Schrödinger equation, and use the complex scaling method to identify the resonances. With the notation $T_{Q s, I(J)}^{\text {Theo. }}(M)$, we find several near-threshold bound states and resonances, including $T_{cs,0(0)}^{\mathrm{Theo.}}(2350)$, $T_{cs,0(0)}^{\mathrm{Theo.}}(2906)$, $T_{bs,0(0)}^{\mathrm{Theo.}}(5781)$, $T_{bs,0(1)}^{\mathrm{Theo.}}(5840)$, and $T_{bs,0(0)}^{\mathrm{Theo.}}(6240)$ which are close to the $D\bar{K}$, $D^*\bar{K}^*$, $\bar{B}\bar{K}$, $\bar{B}^*\bar{K}$ and $\bar{B}^*\bar{K}^*$ thresholds, respectively. Furthermore, their spatial structures clearly support their molecular natures. The resonance $T_{cs,0(0)}^{\mathrm{Theo.}}(2906)$ has a mass of $2906$ MeV, a width of $20$ MeV, and quantum numbers $I(J^P)=0(0^+)$, which may serve as a good candidate for the experimental $T_{cs0}(2900)$ state. We strongly urge the experimental search of the predicted states.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures, 3 tables. Version accepted by PRD
title: Angels in America. The Transition and Polish Political Theatre
Creators: name: Sosnowska, Dorota
Publisher: name: Instytut Im. Jerzego Grotowskiego We Wrocławiu (Wydawca); Wydział Polonistyki UJ (Współwydawca)
Year: 2021

description: The text is an analysis of the Polish premiere of Tony Kushner's drama Angels in America. The drama, staged in 1995 as Angels of America at the Wybrzeże Theatre in Gdańsk, directed by Wojciech Nowak, has not made it into the history of Polish political theatre. However, the testimonies of its reception today allow for a complex analysis of the entanglement of political theatre in the so-called political transition. With the help of the category of “normality”, I am trying to expose the meandering paths of emancipation in the Polish theatre of the 1990s - the time of transition.

Keywords: Angels in America; normality; transition; political theater
Metallicity measurements using atomic lines in M and K dwarf stars
Creators: name: Woolf, Vincent M.
name: Wallerstein, George
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the first survey of chemical abundances in M and K dwarf stars using atomic absorption lines in high resolution spectra. We have measured Fe and Ti abundances in 35 M and K dwarf stars using equivalent widths measured from (lambda / Delta lambda) = 33,000 spectra. Our analysis takes advantage of recent improvements in model atmospheres of low-temperature dwarf stars. The stars have temperatures between 3300 and 4700 K, with most cooler than 4100 K. They cover an iron abundance range of -2.44 < [Fe/H] < +0.16. Our measurements show [Ti/Fe] decreasing with increasing [Fe/H], a trend similar to that measured for warmer stars where abundance analysis techniques have been tested more thoroughly. This study is a step toward the observational calibration of procedures to estimate the metallicity of low-mass dwarf stars using photometric and low-resolution spectral indices.
description: 6 pages, LaTeX. To appear in MNRAS. Full version of Table 2 available at http://www.astro.washington.edu/vmw/mnras/table2.pdf
Additional file 1 of Cancer incidence attributable to tuberculosis in 2015: global, regional, and national estimates
Creators: name: Leung, Chi Yan
name: Hsi-Lan Huang
name: Md. Mizanur Rahman
name: Nomura, Shuhei
name: Abe, Sarah Krull
name: Saito, Eiko
name: Shibuya, Kenji
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: Medicine
Biotechnology
Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. PRISMA 2009 Checklist
title: Proposed approach to implement Industry 4.0 for Custom production in engineering
Creators: name: Sluk, Radomir
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Industry 4.0
subject: OEE
subject: CNC machine
subject: Productivity

description: One of the key indicators of the future for enterprise productivity growth is Industry 4.0 and the implementation of its elements. To achieve this goal, custom manufacturing is specific as one of the types of production. The proposed solutions of the master thesis deal with the issue of methods for increasing productivity in the custom manufacturing of the engineering company, which are applicable also in the companies, where production is realized according to the customer requirements. The theoretical part focuses on the Industry 4.0 concept, the description of the digital enterprise of the future, the comprehensively estimated savings after the introduction of Industry 4.0 elements and the basic management tools. In the practical part, data flows in the production process are designed and identified with the aim to optimize and distribute these data for the feedback in the production process. Standardization and harmonization of programs on CNC machines is another important topic of my master thesis. For evaluating the performance and quality of CNC machine production process, methods and statistical reports by introducing OEE and by visualization in the production facilities of the company have been used. Monitoring the capacity utilization and performance of CNC machines is one of the indicators to increase productivity in production. In the work, innovative changes in custom manufacturing are defined and implemented as a creation of basis for the use of Industry 4.0 elements. The aim of the master thesis was to realize to increase the efficiency and to improve the KPI indicators of the custom production types by implementation of used methods.
Decoherence and the quantum-classical limit in the presence of chaos
Creators: name: Toscano, F.
name: Filho, R. L. de Matos
name: Davidovich, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate how decoherence affects the short-time separation between quantum and classical dynamics for classically chaotic systems, within the framework of a specific model. For a wide range of parameters, the distance between the corresponding phase-space distributions depends on a single parameter $χ$ that relates an effective Planck constant $\hbar_{\rm eff}$, the Lyapunov coeffficient, and the diffusion constant. This distance peaks at a time that depends logarithmically on $\hbar_{\rm eff}$, in agreement with previous estimations of the separation time for Hamiltonian systems. However, for $χ\lesssim 1$, the separation remains small, going down with $\hbar_{\rm eff}^2$, so the concept of separation time loses its meaning.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures (in 6 postscript files) two of them are color figures
Factorial growth at low orders in perturbative QCD: Control over truncation uncertainties
Creators: name: Kronfeld, Andreas S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A method, known as ``minimal renormalon subtraction'' [Phys. Rev. D 97 (2018) 034503, JHEP 2017 (2017) 62], relates the factorial growth of a perturbative series (in QCD) to the power~$p$ of a power correction $Λ^p/Q^p$. ($Λ$ is the QCD scale, $Q$ some hard scale.) Here, the derivation is simplified and generalized to any~$p$, more than one such correction, and cases with anomalous dimensions. Strikingly, the well-known factorial growth is seen to emerge already at low or medium orders, as a consequence of constraints on the $Q$ dependence from the renormalization group. The effectiveness of the method is studied with the gluonic energy between a static quark and static antiquark (the ``static energy''). Truncation uncertainties are found to be under control after next-to-leading order, despite the small exponent of the power correction ($p=1$) and associated rapid growth seen in the first four coefficients of the perturbative series.
description: 25 pp + title page, 8 figures; v2 corrects spelling and grammar typos & conforms with published version
Trace and diffeomorphism anomalies of the classical Liouville theory, Virasoro algebras, Weyl-gauging and all that
Creators: name: Haman, Pavel
name: Iorio, Alfredo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To fully clarify the invariance of the classical Liouville field theory under the Virasoro algebra, we first elucidate in detail the concept of classical anomaly, discuss the occurrence of two symmetry algebras associated to this problem, and provide some new formulae to compute the classical center in a general fashion. We apply this to the study of the symmetries of the free boson in two dimensions. Moving to Liouville, we see how this gives rise to an energy-momentum tensor with non-tensorial conformal transformations, in flat space, and a non-vanishing trace, in curved space. We provide a variety of improvements of the (local) theory, that restore Weyl invariance. With explicit computations, we show that the covariant conservation of the Weyl-invariance-improved energy-momentum tensor is lost, in general, and relate the chosen improvement with the corresponding subset of preserved diffeomorphisms. The non-tensorial transformation rule of the Weyl-invariance-improved energy-momentum tensor in curved space is explicitly back-traced to the Virasoro center.
description: 46 pages, 1 figure
Two Efficient Measurement Device Independent Quantum Dialogue Protocols
Creators: name: Das, Nayana
name: Paul, Goutam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Quantum dialogue is a process of two way secure and simultaneous communication using a single channel. Recently, a Measurement Device Independent Quantum Dialogue (MDI-QD) protocol has been proposed (Quantum Information Processing 16.12 (2017): 305). To make the protocol secure against information leakage, the authors have discarded almost half of the qubits remaining after the error estimation phase. In this paper, we propose two modified versions of the MDI-QD protocol such that the number of discarded qubits is reduced to almost one-fourth of the remaining qubits after the error estimation phase. We use almost half of their discarded qubits along with their used qubits to make our protocol more efficient in qubits count. We show that both of our protocols are secure under the same adversarial model given in MDI-QD protocol.
title: The Role Of Story Telling In A Police Probationer Training Classroom
Creators: name: Smith, Kevin Grant
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 1999

description: This thesis is about the role played by story telling in a Metropolitan Police Probationer Classroom in South London in the early 1990s. The method used is one of discourse analysis of the type advocated by Potter and Wetherall, 1987):The form and function of themes, role-plays, case studies, anecdotes and hypothetical accounts are considered in this setting. The central argument here is that all these types of story are used to introduce an element of work place practice into the classroom context. This serves to motivate the students to learn by emphasising the relevance of the lesson material. Such motivation gives rise to student involvement in the classroom activity. In this way, the pedagogical goals of experiential learning and student involvement are achieved and a broader cultural value favouring practice over theory is realised. As with all stories, themes, role-plays, case studies and hypothetical accounts are subject to the constraint of verisimilitude. This thesis suggests that the way in which verisimilitude is defined and applied in any given setting is highly context dependent. In this setting, verisimilitude focuses on the cognitive and task oriented elements of experiences that the students are thought to be likely to encounter in their work place. Stories that deviate from this focus might result in the students becoming bored or distracted; this may result in a situation in which the objectives of the curriculum are not met. For these reasons, trainers endeavour to control the use of stories by influencing every aspect of their telling. The rigour with which this definition of verisimilitude is applied in this setting varies according to the type of the story to be told and the lesson material in which it is to be used. Judgements of verisimilitude are more rigorous when stories that are likely to exert high attentional or emotional demands on the students are used.
Property Decoupling across the Nucleus-Melt Interface during Polymer Crystal Nucleation
Creators: name: Hall, Kyle Wm.
name: Percec, Simona
name: Shinoda, Wataru
name: Klein, Michael L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spatial distributions are presented that quantitatively capture how polymer properties (e.g., segment alignment, density, and potential energy) vary with distance from nascent polymer crystals (nuclei) in prototypical polyethylene melts. It is revealed that the spatial extent of nuclei and their interfaces is metric-dependent as is the extent to which nucleus interiors are solid-like. As distance from a nucleus increases, some properties, such as density, decay to melt-like behavior more rapidly than polymer segment alignment, indicating that a polymer nucleus resides in a nematic-like droplet. This nematic-like droplet region coincides with enhanced formation of ordered polymer segments that are not part of the nucleus. It is more favourable to find non-constituent ordered polymer segments near a nucleus than in the surrounding metastable melt, pointing to the possibility of one nucleus inducing the formation of other nuclei. These findings provide a conceptual bridge between polymer crystal nucleation under non-flow and flow conditions, and are used to rationalize previous results.
description: 36 pages with 8 figures
M31's Heavy Element Distribution and Outer Disk
Creators: name: Worthey, Guy
name: Espana, Aubrey
name: MacArthur, Lauren A.
name: Courteau, Stephane
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hubble Space Telescope imaging of 11 fields in M31 were reduced to color-magnitude diagrams. The fields were chosen to sample all galactocentric radii to 50 kpc. Assuming that the bulk of the sampled stellar populations are older than a few Gyr, the colors of the red giants map to an abundance distribution with errors of order 0.1 dex in abundance. The radially sampled abundance distributions are all about the same width, but show a mild abundance gradient that flattens outside ~20 kpc. The various distributions were weighted and summed with the aid of new surface brightness profile fits to obtain an abundance distribution representative of the entirety of M31. M31 is a system near chemical maturity. This ``observed closed box'' is compared to analytical closed box models. M31 suffers from a lack of metal-poor stars and metal-rich stars relative to the simplest closed-box model in the same way as the solar neighborhood.Comparing to several simple chemical evolution models, neither complete mixing of gas at all times nor zero mixing, inhomogeneous models give the most convincing match to the data. As noted elsewhere, the outer disk of M31 is a factor of ten more metal-rich than the Milky Way halo, ten times more metal-rich than the dwarf spheroidals cospatial with it, and more metal-rich than most of the globular clusters at the same galactocentric radius. Difficulties of interpretation are greatly eased if we posit that the M31 disk dominates over the halo at all radii out to 50 kpc. In fact, scaling from current density models of the Milky Way, one should not expect to see halo stars dominating over disk stars until beyond our 50 kpc limit. A corollary conclusion is that most published studies of the M31 "halo" are actually studies of its disk.
description: 28 pages, 11 black-and-white figures, in press, Astrophysical Journal
Detecting matter effects in long baseline experiments
Creators: name: Choudhury, Debajyoti
name: Datta, Anindya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Experiments strongly suggest that the flavour mixing responsible for the atmospheric neutrino anomaly is very close to being maximal. Thus, it is of great theoretical as well as experimental importance to measure any possible deviation from maximality. In this context, we reexamine the effects of matter interactions in long baseline neutrino oscillation experiments. Contrary to popular belief, the muon neutrino survival probability is shown to be quite sensitive to matter effects. Moreover, for moderately long baselines, the difference between the survival probilities for $ν_μ$ and $\barν_μ$ is shown to be large and sensitive to the deviation of $|U_{μ3}|$ from maximality. Performing a realistic analysis, we demonstrate that a muon-storage ring $ν$-source alongwith an iron calorimeter detector can measure such deviations. (Contrary to recent claims, this is not so for the NuMI--{\sc minos} experiment.) We also discuss the possible correlation in measuring $U_{μ3}$ and $U_{e3}$ in such experiment.
description: 18 pages, LaTex
The monopole and quadrupole moments of the Epoch of Reionization (EoR) 21-cm bispectrum
Creators: name: Gill, Sukhdeep Singh
name: Pramanick, Suman
name: Bharadwaj, Somnath
name: Shaw, Abinash Kumar
name: Majumdar, Suman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the monopole ($\bar{B}^0_0$) and quadrupole ($\bar{B}^0_2$) moments of the 21-cm bispectrum (BS) from EoR simulations and present results for squeezed and stretched triangles. Both $\bar{B}^0_0$ and $\bar{B}^0_2$ are positive at the early stage of EoR where the mean neutral hydrogen (HI) density fraction $\bar{x}_{\rm HI} \approx 0.99$. The subsequent evolution of $\bar{B}^0_0$ and $\bar{B}^0_2$ at large and intermediate scales $(k=0.29$ and $0.56 \, {\rm Mpc}^{-1}$ respectively) is punctuated by two sign changes which mark transitions in the HI distribution. The first sign flip where $\bar{B}^0_0$ becomes negative occurs in the intermediate stages of EoR $(\bar{x}_{\rm HI} > 0.5)$, at large scale first followed by the intermediate scale. This marks the emergence of distinct ionized bubbles in the neutral background. $\bar{B}^0_2$ is relatively less affected by this transition, and it mostly remains positive even when $\bar{B}^0_0$ becomes negative. The second sign flip, which affects both $\bar{B}^0_0$ and $\bar{B}^0_2$, occurs at the late stage of EoR $(\bar{x}_{\rm HI} < 0.5)$. This marks a transition in the topology of the HI distribution, after which we have distinct HI islands in an ionized background. This causes $\bar{B}^0_0$ to become positive. The negative $\bar{B}^0_2$ is a definite indication that the HI islands survive only in under-dense regions.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
title: Ordering For Care And Caring For Order: Medical Power In English Prisons
Creators: name: Sim, Joe
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 1989

description: This thesis is concerned with developing a sociological analysis of the history and consolidation of the medical service in English prisons. It covers the period 1774-1988 and explores a number of dimensions in relation to the Prison Medical Service (PWS) during this period. It challenges the notion of historical progression and benevolence which is often linked to an evolutionary view of medical development. An alternative theoretical perspective is proposed based on a critical reading of the work of Michel Foucault. This critical reading allows for the exploration of the relationship between medical discourse, discipline and regulation; the differential impact of medical power on women. prisoners; the relationship between "less-eligibility" and the medical care of the confined; the resistance of prisoners to medical power; the inter-relationship between professional power and the English state. From this dialectical analysis, it is proposed that wider concerns around the regulation of the body and the normalisation of the mind were crucial determining factors in the consolidation of medical and psychiatric power in English prisons.
High performance Wannier interpolation of Berry curvature and related quantities: WannierBerri code
Creators: name: Tsirkin, Stepan S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Wannier interpolation is a powerful tool for performing Brillouin zone integrals over dense grids of $\mathbf{k}$ points, which are essential to evaluate such quantities as the intrinsic anomalous Hall conductivity or Boltzmann transport coefficients. However, new physical problems and new materials create new numerical challenges, and computations with the existing codes become very expensive, which often prevents reaching the desired accuracy. In this article, I present a series of methods that boost the speed of Wannier interpolation by several orders of magnitude. They include a combination of fast and slow Fourier transforms, explicit use of symmetries and recursive adaptive grid refinement among others. The proposed methodology has been implemented in the new python code WannierBerri, which also aims to serve as a convenient platform for the future development of interpolation schemes for novel phenomena.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures, Latex, added references, fixed typos, clarified explanations, added fig 5
Towards high precision mass measurements of short-lived exotic isotopes using highly charged ions at the TITAN Penning trap system
Creators: name: Brodeur, Maxime
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The TRIUMF's Ion Trap for Atomic and Nuclear science (TITAN) experiment will use Penning trap (PT) for precise mass determinations on short-lived isotopes at ISAC. An Electron Beam Ion Trap (EBIT) is used to charge breed ions to a charge state q. The PT mass resolution is directly proportional to q, resulting in a significant increase in the achieved precision. This PT system will allow very accurate mass determination, via time-of-flight (TOF) measurements, on the order of δm/m ≈ 10⁻⁸ on isotopes with a half-lives of about 50 ms using highly charged ions (HCI). This thesis presents work on TITAN's PT design, as well as studies carried out at other PT experiments. Since after the EBIT a beam of HCIs needs to be efficiently transferred into and out of the PT, additional complications arise, therefore, ion flight simulations of the injection and the extraction of ions from the PT were performed. Simulations have determined the optimal ion optics to minimize the diameter of the ion bunch entering the PT. Simulations of TITAN's Lorentz steerer, the first one for HCIs, have shown it is possible to inject the sample, such that additional preparation in the PT become obsolete. This reduces the required time and presents an important improvement for operation with short-lived species. TOF simulations to optimize the extraction geometry for HCI and singly charged ions were carried out. The resulting geometry for injection, PT structure, and extraction has been designed and is under construction. In addition, two complementary projects were made on existing PT experiments. First, a magnetic field stability study of ISOLTRAP's PT has found a magnetic field-temperature correlation and a day-night temperature variation inside the magnet bore. This presents an important determination of a source of systematic uncertainty similar to what TITAN will have. Finally, a reference laser ablation ion source for the Canadian Penning trap experiment has been designed and is presented.
Using close stars as probes of hot accretion flow in Sgr A*
Creators: name: Nayakshin, Sergei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The extremely hot and tenuous accretion flow in the immediate vicinity of Sgr A* is believed to be invisible (too dim) in the X-ray band, except for short X-ray flares. Here we point out that during pericenter passages, close brightest stars irradiate the inner region of the accretion flow, providing a plenty of optical/UV photons. These seed photons are Compton up-scattered by the hot electrons of the accretion flow to higher frequencies, some into the X-ray band, potentially making the innermost accretion flow much brighter in X-rays than usual. We propose to use coordinated near infra-red and X-ray observations of close star passages to put constraints onto Sgr A* accretion theories. The absence of a noticeable change in the steady emission of Sgr A* as observed by Chandra in the year 2002, when the star named S2 passed through a pericenter of its orbit, already rules out the hotter of the ``standard'' Advection-Dominated Accretion Flows. The less dense accretion flows, in particular the model of Yuan et al. (2003), passes the test and is constrained to accretion rates no larger than $\sim 10^{-7}$ Solar masses per year.
description: submitted to A&A Letters. 4 pages and 2 figures
Was GW170817 a canonical neutron star merger? Bayesian analysis with a third family of compact stars
Creators: name: Blaschke, David
name: Ayriyan, Alexander
name: Alvarez-Castillo, David
name: Grigorian, Hovik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the possibility that GW170817 has not been the merger of two conventional neutron stars (NS) but involved at least one if not two hybrid stars with a quark matter core which might even belong to a third family of compact stars. To this end, we develop a Bayesian analysis method for selecting the most probable equation of state (EoS) under a set of constraints from compact star physics, which now also include the tidal deformability from GW170817 and the first result for the mass and radius determination for PSR J0030+0451 by NICER. We apply this method for the first time to a two-parameter family of hybrid EoS based on the DD2 model with nucleonic excluded volume for hadronic matter and the color superconducting generalized nlNJL model for quark matter. The model has a variable onset of deconfinement and can mimic the effects of pasta phases with the possibility of a third family of hybrid stars in the mass-radius ($M-R$) diagram. The main findings of this study are that: 1) the presence of multiple configurations for a given mass (twins) corresponds to a set of disconnected lines in the diagram of tidal deformabilities for binary mergers, so that merger events from the same mass range may result in a probability landscape with different peak positions; 2) the Bayesian analysis with the above observational constraints favors an early onset of the deconfinement transition, at masses of $M_{\rm onset}\le 0.8~M_\odot$ with a $M-R$ relationship that in the range of observed neutron star masses is almost indistinguishable from that of a soft hadronic APR EoS; 3) a few yet fictitious measurements of the NICER experiment with a $1σ$ range that is half of the present value and different mass and radius would change the posterior likelihood so that hybrid EoS with a phase transition onset in the range $M_{\rm onset} = 1.1 - 1.6~M_\odot $ would be favored.
description: 22 pages, 11 figures
Effective Field Theory for Quasicrystals and Phasons Dynamics
Creators: name: Baggioli, Matteo
name: Landry, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We build an effective field theory (EFT) for quasicrystals -- aperiodic incommensurate lattice structures -- at finite temperature, entirely based on symmetry arguments and a well-define action principle. By means of Schwinger-Keldysh techniques, we derive the full dissipative dynamics of the system and we recover the experimentally observed diffusion-to-propagation crossover of the phason mode. From a symmetry point of view, the diffusive nature of the phason at long wavelengths is due to the fact that the internal translations, or phason shifts, are symmetries of the system with no associated Noether currents. The latter feature is compatible with the EFT description only because of the presence of dissipation (finite temperature) and the lack of periodic order. Finally, we comment on the similarities with certain homogeneous holographic models and we formally derive the universal relation between the pinning frequency of the phonons and the damping and diffusion constant of the phason.
description: v2: improved presentation, references added, typos fixed
title: Home As A Place Of Work
Creators: name: Randall, Jennifer M.
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 1996

description: The focus of this dissertation is essentially theoretical, and to do with concepts, assumptions and dualisms relating to 'home'- and 'work'. These are seen as socially constructed concepts in a dialectical relationship with one another; to understand one it is necessary to understand the other. It is argued that the meaning of 'home', in particular, has been largely taken for granted and unquestioned. A method of interpretation, combining hermeneutics with a critical edge, was roughly followed; incorporated within this were the principles of grounded theory that would permit concepts to be developed from data. A theoretical sample that clearly crossed the boundary between home and work - self-employed independents who worked from home - was targeted, resulting in twenty in-depth interviews. The contrasts between (a) an apparent sense of autonomy but lack of legitimacy, and (b) a relatively good work situation but poor market situation were related to the distinction between being in one's own house -and being self-employed - but being seen as 'at home'. There was found to be a contradiction between what were believed to be the generally accepted meanings of 'home' and 'work' and those of the group; whereas the former were not compatible with using home as a place of work, being a contradiction of one another, the latter were. In this situation, strategies such as avoidance of the term 'at home' and a tendency to use 'professional' were evident. A postal survey provided verification and some clarification of these findings. The theoretical analysis draws on the way in which the separation of 'home' from 'work' resulted from a restricted and simplified model of the Industrial Revolution and the Enlightenment emphasis on rationality. Whereas work was associated with rational liberal economic and scientific values which expressed the legitimate Modern paradigm, home remained associated with conservative values and nature - the non-rational.
MoS$_2$-on-paper optoelectronics: drawing photodetectors with van der Waals semiconductors beyond graphite
Creators: name: Mazaheri, Ali
name: Lee, Martin
name: van der Zant, Herre S. J.
name: Frisenda, Riccardo
name: Castellanos-Gomez, Andres
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We fabricate paper-supported semiconducting devices by rubbing a layered molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) crystal onto a piece of paper, similarly to the action of drawing/writing with a pencil on paper. We show that the abrasion between the MoS2 crystal and the paper substrate efficiently exfoliates the crystals, breaking the weak van der Waals interlayer bonds and leading to the deposition of a film of interconnected MoS2 platelets. Employing this simple method, that can be easily extended to other 2D materials, we fabricate MoS2-on-paper broadband photodectectors with spectral sensitivity from the ultraviolet (UV) to the near-infrared (NIR). We also used these paper-based photodetectors to acquire pictures of objects by mounting the photodetectors in a homebuilt single-pixel camera setup.
description: 6 main text figures + 4 Supp Info figures
Additional file 2 of The development of a questionnaire to assess leisure time screen-based media use and its proximal correlates in children (SCREENS-Q)
Creators: name: Klakk, Heidi
name: Wester, Christian Tolstrup
name: Olesen, Line Grønholt
name: Rasmussen, Martin Gillies
name: Kristensen, Peter Lund
name: Pedersen, Jesper
name: Grøntved, Anders
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2. Translated version of the SCREENS-Q in English
Internal structure of hairy rotating black holes in three dimensions
Creators: name: Gao, Ling-Long
name: Liu, Yan
name: Lyu, Hong-Da
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct hairy rotating black hole solutions in three dimensional Einstein gravity coupled to a complex scalar field. When we turn on a real and uniform source on the dual CFT, the black hole is stationary with two Killing vectors and we show that there is no inner horizon for the black hole and the system evolves smoothly into a Kasner universe. When we turn on a complex and periodic driving source on the dual CFT with a phase velocity equal to the angular velocity of the black hole, we have a time-dependent black hole with only one Killing vector. We show that inside the black hole, after a rapid collapse of the Einstein-Rosen bridge, oscillations of the scalar field follow. Then the system evolves into the Kasner epoch with possible Kasner inversion, which occurs in most of the parameter regimes. In both cases, one of the metric fields obeys a simple relation between its value at the horizon and in the Kasner epoch.
description: 35 pages, 14 figures
Additional file 1 of An investigation of genetic polymorphisms in heparan sulfate proteoglycan core proteins and key modification enzymes in an Australian Caucasian multiple sclerosis population
Creators: name: Okolicsanyi, Rachel K.
name: Bluhm, Julia
name: Miller, Cassandra
name: Griffiths, Lyn R.
name: Haupt, Larisa M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Male results by disease state for GPC6, rs17267815.
Local Chern Marker for Periodic Systems
Creators: name: Baù, Nicolas
name: Marrazzo, Antimo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Topological invariants are global properties of the ground-state wave function, typically defined as winding numbers in reciprocal space. Over the years, a number of topological markers in real space have been introduced, allowing to map topological order in heterogeneous crystalline and disordered systems. Notably, even if these formulations can be expressed in terms of lattice-periodic quantities, they can actually be deployed in open boundary conditions only, as in practice they require computing the position operator $\mathbf{r}$ in a form that is ill-defined in periodic boundary conditions. Here we derive a local Chern marker for infinite two-dimensional systems with periodic boundary conditions in the large supercell limit, where the electronic structure is sampled with one single point in reciprocal space. We validate our approach with tight-binding numerical simulations on the Haldane model, including trivial/topological superlattices made of pristine and disordered Chern insulators. The strategy introduced here is very general and could be applied to other topological invariants and quantum-geometrical quantities in any dimension.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures + supplementary material (3 pages)
Induced tunneling in QFT: soliton creation in collisions of highly energetic particles
Creators: name: Levkov, D. G.
name: Sibiryakov, S. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider tunneling transitions between states separated by an energy barrier in a simple field theoretical model. We analyse the case of soliton creation induced by collisions of a few highly energetic particles. We present semiclassical, but otherwise first principle, study of this process at all energies of colliding particles. We find that direct tunneling to the final state occurs at energies below the critical value E_c, which is slightly higher than the barrier height. Tunneling probability grows with energy in this regime. Above the critical energy, the tunneling mechanism is different. The transition proceeds through creation of a state close to the top of the potential barrier (sphaleron) and its subsequent decay. At certain limiting energy E_l tunneling probability ceases to grow. At higher energies the dominant mechanism of transition becomes the release of energy excess E-E_l by the emission of a few particles and then tunneling at effectively lower energy E=E_l via the limiting semiclassical configuration. The latter belongs to a class of ``real--time instantons'', semiclassical solutions saturating the inclusive probability of tunneling from initial states with given number of particles. We conclude that the process of collision--induced tunneling is exponentially suppressed at all energies.
description: 45 pages, 9 figures; references added
Eigenvalues, K-theory and Minimal Flows
Creators: name: Itzá-Ortiz, Benjamín
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary, 37B05, 46L55; Secondary 54H20, 37A55

description: Let $(Y,T)$ be a minimal suspension flow built over a dynamical system $(X,S)$ and with (strictly positive, continuous) ceiling function $f\colon X\to\R$. We show that the eigenvalues of $(Y,T)$ are contained in the range of a trace on the $K_0$-group of $(X,S)$. Moreover, a trace gives an order isomorphism of a subgroup of $K_0(C(X)\rtimes_S\mathbb{Z})$ with the group of eigenvalues of $(Y,S)$. Using this result, we relate the values of $t$ for which the time-$t$ map on minimal suspension flow is minimal, with the $K$-theory of the base of this suspension.
description: 19 pages
Additional file 1 of The development of a questionnaire to assess leisure time screen-based media use and its proximal correlates in children (SCREENS-Q)
Creators: name: Klakk, Heidi
name: Wester, Christian Tolstrup
name: Olesen, Line Grønholt
name: Rasmussen, Martin Gillies
name: Kristensen, Peter Lund
name: Pedersen, Jesper
name: Grøntved, Anders
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. The final version of the SCREENS-Q in Danish (original)