cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
HOW SIGNIFICANT ARE EXPORT SUBSIDIES TO AGRICULTURAL TRADE? TRADE AND WELFARE IMPLICATIONS OF GLOBAL REFORMS
Creators: name: Elbehri, Aziz
name: Leetmaa, Susan E.
name: Elbehri, Aziz
name: Leetmaa, Susan E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: International Relations/Trade

description: We analyze the impacts of removing export subsidies with or without reforms to domestic support and tariffs using a multi-country trade model. Model simulations are designed to assess both the magnitude and the direction of trade in the absence of export subsidies in connection with other domestic distortions and import barriers. Results show that the impacts of export subsidy removal, while significant for some countries and products, are comparatively smaller and are dominated by the much larger trade and welfare distortions imposed by import barriers. Hence, the removal of domestic subsidies, including export subsidies, by themselves may not be sufficient to improve global welfare and expand trade since the welfare gains by the net exporters are far outweighed by the losses of net importers. One implication from these simulations is that export subsidy reform must be combined with market access liberalization in order to benefit exporters and importers and to attract the widest support among WTO members.
Decomposition and embedding in the stochastic $GW$ self-energy
Creators: name: Romanova, Mariya
name: Vlček, Vojtěch
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present two new developments for computing excited state energies within the $GW$ approximation. First, calculations of the Green's function and the screened Coulomb interaction are decomposed into two parts: one is deterministic while the other relies on stochastic sampling. Second, this separation allows constructing a subspace self-energy, which contains dynamic correlation from only a particular (spatial or energetic) region of interest. The methodology is exemplified on large-scale simulations of nitrogen-vacancy states in a periodic hBN monolayer and hBN-graphene heterostructure. We demonstrate that the deterministic embedding of strongly localized states significantly reduces statistical errors, and the computational cost decreases by more than an order of magnitude. The computed subspace self-energy unveils how interfacial couplings affect electronic correlations and identifies contributions to excited-state lifetimes. While the embedding is necessary for the proper treatment of impurity states, the decomposition yields new physical insight into quantum phenomena in heterogeneous systems.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures
Spin Chains as Perfect Quantum State Mirrors
Creators: name: Karbach, Peter
name: Stolze, Joachim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum information transfer is an important part of quantum information processing. Several proposals for quantum information transfer along linear arrays of nearest-neighbor coupled qubits or spins were made recently. Perfect transfer was shown to exist in two models with specifically designed strongly inhomogeneous couplings. We show that perfect transfer occurs in an entire class of chains, including systems whose nearest-neighbor couplings vary only weakly along the chain. The key to these observations is the Jordan-Wigner mapping of spins to noninteracting lattice fermions which display perfectly periodic dynamics if the single-particle energy spectrum is appropriate. After a half-period of that dynamics any state is transformed into its mirror image with respect to the center of the chain. The absence of fermion interactions preserves these features at arbitrary temperature and allows for the transfer of nontrivially entangled states of several spins or qubits.
description: Abstract extended, introduction shortened, some clarifications in the text, one new reference. Accepted by Phys. Rev. A (Rapid Communications)
MEXICO'S EJIDO REFORMS: THEIR IMPACT ON THE FUNCTIONING OF FACTOR MARKETS AND LAND ACCESS
Creators: name: Deininger, Klaus W.
name: Bresciani, Fabrizio
name: Deininger, Klaus W.
name: Bresciani, Fabrizio
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: Land Economics/Use

description: The constitutional reforms undertaken in Mexico in 1992, as well as the systematic implementation of a program of land rights regularization (Procede), aimed to improve the security and transferability of property rights in order to create the pre-conditions for better functioning of factor markets in rural areas. The paper examines the extent to which this has materialized by exploring systematic differences over time between certified and non-certified ejidos as well as the private sector. We find that land rental markets function better in ejidos that underwent Procede, where there was also a marked increase in households' use of common pasture land. At the same time, neither the reforms nor Procede appear to have had much impact on land sales markets and ejidatarios' credit access. Implications for policy and program design are discussed.
Ανάλυση κλάδου έτοιμων φαγητών: μελέτη περίπτωσης Alfa Pastry Α.Ε.Β.Ε.
Creators: name: Πετρίδου, Μαρία
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Πειραιώς
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Υπόδειγμα στρατηγικού μάνατζμεντ
subject: Φυσικό περιβάλλον
subject: Έμμεσο περιβάλλον
subject: Άμεσο περιβάλλον
subject: Ανάλυση PEST
subject: Ανάλυση SWOT
subject: Μήτρα TOWS
subject: Κλάδος τυποποιημένων έτοιμων φαγητών
subject: Alfa Pastry Α.Ε.Β.Ε.

description: Οι σημερινοί γρήγοροι ρυθμοί ζωής και η τάση για «λιγότερο μαγείρεμα στο σπίτι» έχουν ευνοήσει την κατανάλωση έτοιμων τυποποιημένων γευμάτων. Παρά τις δυσμενείς επιδράσεις της οικονομικής κρίσης, παρατηρήθηκαν σημάδια ανάκαμψης στην αγορά των έτοιμων φαγητών, με την αξία της εγχώριας αγοράς να ακολουθεί ανοδική πορεία τα τελευταία έτη. Στην παρούσα διπλωματική εργασία υλοποιείται μια προσπάθεια ανάλυσης του περιβάλλοντος της εταιρείας alfa pastry. Η προσέγγιση σε επίπεδο ανάλυσης γίνεται με τη χρήση του μοντέλου του στρατηγικού μάνατζμεντ με στόχο την επιλογή της καταλληλότερης στρατηγικής για την εταιρεία. Στο πρώτο κεφάλαιο παρουσιάζεται αναλυτικά το θεωρητικό υπόβαθρο του μοντέλου του στρατηγικού μάνατζμεντ. Στο δεύτερο κεφάλαιο παρατίθεται το ιστορικό, το νομικό πλαίσιο και η παρούσα κατάσταση του κλάδου των έτοιμων φαγητών στην Ελλάδα. Στο τρίτο κεφάλαιο παρουσιάζεται η alfa pastry, μέσω της ιστορίας, της δομής, των προϊόντων, του οράματος, της αποστολής και των αξιών, της έρευνας και ανάπτυξης, του δικτύου διανομής και τέλος τις διακρίσεις Στο τέταρτο κεφάλαιο παρουσιάζεται το εξωτερικό περιβάλλον της επιχείρησης μέσα από την ανάλυση του φυσικού, γενικευμένου και άμεσου περιβάλλοντος. Ακολουθεί στο πέμπτο κεφάλαιο η αναφορά στο εσωτερικό περιβάλλον της επιχείρησης, προσδιορίζοντας τη δομή, τη κουλτούρα και τους πόρους της. Στο έκτο κεφάλαιο παρουσιάζεται η ανάλυση SWOT και στο έβδομο η ανάδειξη της παρούσας στρατηγικής της εταιρείας. Στο όγδοο και τελευταίο κεφάλαιο γίνεται η ανάλυση των εναλλακτικών στρατηγικών βασισμένες στην ανάλυση SWOT, με τη βοήθεια της μήτρας TOWS, και εξάγονται τα τελικά συμπεράσματα.
Krieg, Frieden und Religion(en) – Hans Jonas' Reflections on Religious Aspects of Warlessness
Creators: name: Döhn, Raphael
Publisher: name: [Leiden] : Brill
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::200 | Religion, Religionsphilosophie::230 | Theologie, Christentum

description: This paper focuses on a posthumously published speech by the Jewish philosopher Hans Jonas, named Reflections onReligious Aspects of Warlessness. Jonas talks about the topic of war and peace in the teachings and history of different religions; namely, Judaism, Christianity, Islam, and Manicheism. Furthermore, he discusses the relations between war, peace, and religion in general, highlights the dangers of the modern nuclear age, and speculates about the role that religion might play in the process of avoiding war in the future. The paper sums up the most important statements of Jonas!s speech and takes a look into other texts by Jonas that help us to understand his thoughts on war and peace; e. g., The Concept of God after Auschwitz, his reflections about the participation of Jews in the Second World War and his studies about Gnosticism. In addition, the paper also discusses Jonas's propositions in a questioning manner and takes its own standpoint on both Reflections on Religious Aspects of Warlessness and the relations between war, peace, and the different religions in the past and in the world of today.
Breakup of Shearless Meanders and "Outer" Tori in the Standard Nontwist Map
Creators: name: Fuchss, K.
name: Wurm, A.
name: Apte, A.
name: Morrison, P. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The breakup of shearless invariant tori with winding number $ω=[0,1,11,1,1,...]$ (in continued fraction representation) of the standard nontwist map is studied numerically using Greene's residue criterion. Tori of this winding number can assume the shape of meanders (folded-over invariant tori which are not graphs over the x-axis in $(x,y)$ phase space), whose breakup is the first point of focus here. Secondly, multiple shearless orbits of this winding number can exist, leading to a new type of breakup scenario. Results are discussed within the framework of the renormalization group for area-preserving maps. Regularity of the critical tori is also investigated.
description: submitted to Chaos
Microwave-assisted synthesis and antitumor evaluation of a new series of thiazolylcoumarin derivatives
Creators: name: Gabr, Moustafa T.
name: El-Gohary, Nadia S.
name: El-Bendary, Eman R.
name: El-Kerdawy, Mohamed M.
name: Ni, Nanting
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Thiazolylcoumarins
subject: Synthesis
subject: Antitumor activity
subject: Cytotoxic activity
subject: 3D pharmacophore elucidation
subject: In silico studies
subject: 610

description: A new series of thiazolylcoumarin derivatives was synthesized. The designed strategy embraced a molecular hybridization approach which involves the combination of the thiazole and coumarin pharmacophores together. The new hybrid compounds were tested for in vitro antitumor efficacy over cervical (Hela) and kidney fibroblast (COS-7) cancer cells. Compounds 5f, 5h, 5m and 5r displayed promising efficacy toward Hela cell line. In addition, 5h and 5r were found to be the most active candidates toward COS-7 cell line. The four active analogs, 5f, 5h, 5m and 5r were screened for in vivo antitumor activity over EAC cells in mice, as well as in vitro cytotoxicity toward W138 normal cells. Results illustrated that 5r has the highest in vivo activity, and that the four analogs are less cytotoxic than 5-FU toward W138 normal cells. In this study, 3D pharmacophore analysis was performed to investigate the matching pharmacophoric features of the synthesized compounds with trichostatin A. In silico studies showed that the investigated compounds meet the optimal needs for good oral absorption with no expected toxicity hazards.
description: EXCLI Journal;Vol. 16 2017
Water Masers Toward Ultracompact HII Regions
Creators: name: Kurtz, S.
name: Hofner, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a survey in the 6_{16}-5_{23} rotational water transition toward 33 galactic ultracompact HII regions. Maser emission is detected toward 18 of these sources; two are new detections. High quality spectra are provided for all 18 sources. We discuss the detection rate of this survey and the correlation of various maser properties with other physical parameters. In addition, we report wide-bandwidth (316 km/s), moderate-resolution (~ 3'') water maser observations of the HH80-81 region. We report the first detection of water maser emission at the approximate velocity of the molecular core. This emission is coincident with the extreme tip of the thermal jet, and well-removed from the much stronger and well-known maser emission at the position of VLA-3.
description: 21 pages, 5 figures. Accepted by Astronomical Journal
Gentamicin nephrotoxicity in animals: current knowledge and future perspectives
Creators: name: Randjelović, Pavle
name: Veljković, Slavimir
name: Stojiljković, Nenad
name: Sokolović, Dušan
name: Ilić, Ivan
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: gentamicin
subject: kidney
subject: nephrotoxicity
subject: aminoglycoside
subject: oxidative stress
subject: proliferation
subject: 610

description: Due to high relative blood flow the kidney is prone to drug-induced damage. Aminoglycoside type antibiotic gentamicin is one of the leading cause of drug-induced nephrotoxicity. In recent years gentamicin nephrotoxicity is significantly reduced by shifting to once daily dosage as well as by eliminating known risk factors. Application of gentamicin is still related to serious side effects which are reported more often compared to other antibiotics. Because gentamicin is still heavily used and is highly efficient in treating infections, it is important to find mechanisms to reduce its nephrotoxicity. This aim can only be achieved through better understanding of kidney metabolism of gentamicin. This problem has been extensively researched in the last 20 years. The experimental results have provided evidence for almost complete understanding of mechanisms responsible for gentamicin nephrotoxicity. We now have well described morphological, biochemical and functional changes in kidney due to gentamicin application. During the years, this model has become so popular that now it is used as an experimental model for nephrotoxicity per se. This situation can mislead an ordinary reader of scientific literature that we know everything about it and there is nothing new to discover here. But quite opposite is true. The precise and complete mechanism of gentamicin nephrotoxicity is still point of speculation and an unfinished story. With emerge of new and versatile technics in biomedicine we have an opportunity to reexamine old beliefs and discover new facts. This review focuses on current knowledge in this area and gives some future perspectives.
description: EXCLI Journal;Vol. 16 2017
The role of magnesium sulfate in the intensive care unit
Creators: name: Panahi, Yunes
name: Mojtahedzadeh, Mojtaba
name: Najafi, Atabak
name: Ghaini, Mohammad Reza
name: Abdollahi, Mohammad
name: Sharifzadeh, Mohammad
name: Ahmadi, Arezoo
name: Rajaee, Seyyed Mahdi
name: Sahebkar, Amirhossein
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: magnesium sulfate
subject: intensive care unit
subject: neuroprotection
subject: ICU
subject: 610

description: Magnesium (Mg) has been developed as a drug with various clinical uses. Mg is a key cation in physiological processes, and the homeostasis of this cation is crucial for the normal function of body organs. Magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) is a mineral pharmaceutical preparation of magnesium that is used as a neuroprotective agent. One rationale for the frequent use of MgSO4 in critical care is the high incidence of hypomagnesaemia in intensive care unit (ICU) patients. Correction of hypomagnesaemia along with the neuroprotective properties of MgSO4 has generated a wide application for MgSO4 in ICU.
description: EXCLI Journal;Vol. 16 2017
ON- AND OFF-FARM DIVERSIFICATION
Creators: name: McNamara, Kevin T.
name: Weiss, Christoph R.
name: McNamara, Kevin T.
name: Weiss, Christoph R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: Farm Management

description: The present paper brings together two strands of literature by analysing the interrelationship between on-farm and off-farm diversification econometrically. Estimation results from simultaneous bivariate probit models suggest that on-farm and off-farm diversification decisions are closely related. The degree of diversification is significantly lower for farms where the farm operator works off-the farm. On the other hand, the probability of entering into the off-farm labour market declines with the degree of diversification in farm production.
Anti-inflammatory effect and mechanism of action of Lindera erythrocarpa essential oil in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW264.7 cells
Creators: name: Ko, Yeong-Jong
name: Ahn, Ginnae
name: Ham, Young-Min
name: Song, Sang-Mock
name: Ko, Eun-Yi
name: Cho, Su-Hyeon
name: Yoon, Weon-Jong
name: Kim, Kil-Nam
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Lindera erythrocarpa
subject: Anti-inflammatory
subject: Essential oil
subject: NF- κ B
subject: MAPK
subject: 610

description: The aim of this study was to investigate the chemical constituents of Lindera erythrocarpa essential oil (LEO) by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and evaluate their inhibitory effect on the expression of pro-inflammatory mediators in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. Fifteen compounds, accounting for 63.7 % of the composition of LEO, were identified. The main compounds were nerolidol (18.73 %), caryophyllene (14.41 %), α-humulene (7.73 %), germacrene-D (4.82 %), and α-pinene (4.47 %). LEO significantly inhibited the expression of inducible nitric oxide (NO) synthase and cyclooxygenase-2, and subsequent production of NO and prostaglandin E2. In addition, it reduced the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines in LPS-activated RAW264.7 cells. The molecular mechanism underlying the effect of LEO was associated with inhibition of the phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). Furthermore, LEO inhibited LPS-induced phosphorylation and degradation of inhibitor of kappa B-α, which is required for the activation of the p50 and p65 nuclear factor (NF)-κB subunits in RAW264.7 cells. Taken together, these data suggest that LEO exerted its anti-inflammatory effect by downregulating LPS-induced production of pro-inflammatory mediators through the inhibition of NF-κB and MAPK signaling in RAW264.7 cells.
description: EXCLI Journal;Vol. 16 2017
New Treatment of Resonances with Bound State Approximation by Using Pseudo Potential
Creators: name: Funaki, Y.
name: Horiuchi, H.
name: Tohsaki, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a new approach to extract the wave functions of resonances by the bound state approximation which gives the mixed states of the resonance components and the continuum ones. In our approach, on the basis of the method of analytic continuation in the coupling constant (ACCC), we construct Padé rational function by adopting the positive energies as well as the negative ones. We report the result of the application of this new method to the second $2^+$ state of $^{12}$C which was studied with the ACCC method in our previous work. It is found that the resonance parameters obtained by the ACCC method are well reproduced by the new method. Some advantages over the ACCC method are also shown.
description: 10pages, 2figures, submitted to Prog. Theor. Phys, changed content, added references
title: Ακτινοθεραπευτική αντιμετώπιση κακοήθων όγκων του εγκεφάλου
title: Radiotherapy treatment of malignant brain tumors
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Γιαννακόπουλος, Νικόλαος
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Δυτικής Αττικής
Year: 2023
Subjects: Ακτινοθεραπεία
Εγκέφαλος
Σύγχρονες τεχνικές
Κακοήθεις όγκοι

description: Οι κακοήθης όγκοι του εγκεφάλου είναι από τους πιο θανατηφόρους καρκίνους ειδικά στις Ηνωμένες Πολιτείες Αμερικής. Η εμφάνιση τους είναι συχνότερη στους άνδρες σε ηλικία μεγαλύτερη των 40 ετών και σε περιοχές όπως η Νότια Ευρώπη, η Βόρεια Ευρώπη και ο Καναδάς. Οι πιο συνήθεις όγκοι του εγκεφάλου είναι οι εγκεφαλικές μεταστάσεις και τo γλοιοβλάστωμα. Σημαντικοί παράγοντες κινδύνου για την ανάπτυξη κακοήθων όγκων είναι οι ιοντίζουσες και οι ηλεκτρομαγνητικές ακτινοβολίες καθώς και ο τρόπος ζωής. Επίσης η ιστολογική ταξινόμηση των όγκων σύμφωνα με τον Παγκόσμιο Οργανισμό Υγείας κατέχει σημαντικό ρόλο για τον προσδιορισμό του σωστού θεραπευτικού πλάνου. Η θεραπεία των όγκων του εγκεφάλου εξαρτάται από πολλούς παράγοντες όπως είναι ο τύπος του όγκου, η θέση του, και η φυσική κατάσταση του ασθενή. Η Χειρουργική επέμβαση είναι η θεραπεία εκλογής εφόσον ο ασθενής πληρεί της προδιαγραφές εκτομής. Επιπρόσθετα και η Ακτινοθεραπεία έχει σημαντικό ρόλο στους κακοήθεις όγκους του εγκεφάλου και μπορεί να συμβάλλει τόσο στην ριζική αντιμετώπιση του όγκου όσο και στην ανακουφιστική αντιμετώπιση τους. Επίσης και ο συνδυασμός Ακτινοθεραπείας και Χημειοθεραπείας εμφανίζει πολύ καλά αποτελέσματα δίνοντας αύξηση της επιβίωσης σε ασθενείς με όγκους του εγκεφάλου. Υπάρχουν πολλές σύγχρονες τεχνικές ακτινοθεραπείας που συμβάλλουν ως κύριες θεραπείες αλλά και ως επικουρικές στην αντιμετώπιση των κακοήθων όγκων του εγκεφάλου. Δύο πολύ εξειδικευμένες τεχνικές θεραπείας είναι η Στερεοτακτική Ακτινοθεραπεία καθώς και η Στερεοτακτική Ακτινοχειρουργική θεραπεία. Αυτοί οι δύο μέθοδοι αποτελούν σύγχρονες τεχνικές Ακτινοθεραπείας και συμβάλλουν πάρα πολύ στην αντιμετώπιση κακοήθων όγκων του εγκεφάλου. Τα δύο αυτά συστήματα ως χαρακτηριστικό γνώρισμα έχουν την εναπόθεση πολύ υψηλών δόσεων σε πολύ μικρούς όγκους της τάξεως χιλιοστού. Τα συστήματα Ακτινοχειρουργικής θεραπείας όπως το Gamma Knife και το CyberKnife, επιτρέπουν την δημιουργία θεραπειών που μπορούν να διαρκέσουν από 1 έως 5 συνεδρίες με δόση που μπορεί να φτάσει από 20Gy έως 30Gy.
Extracting the Weinberg angle at intermediate energies
Creators: name: Praet, C.
name: Jachowicz, N.
name: Lava, P.
name: Ryckebusch, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A recent experiment by the NuTeV collaboration resulted in a surprisingly high value for the weak mixing angle $\sin^2 θ_W$. The Paschos-Wolfenstein relation, relating neutrino cross sections to the Weinberg angle, is of pivotal importance in the NuTeV analysis. In this work, we investigate the sensitivity of the Paschos-Wolfenstein relation to nuclear structure aspects at neutrino energies in the few GeV range. Neutrino-nucleus cross sections are calculated for $^{16}$O and $^{56}$Fe target nuclei within a relativistic quasi-elastic nucleon-knockout model.
description: To appear in the proceedings of International School of Nuclear Physics: 27th Course: "Neutrinos in Cosmology, in Astro, Particle and Nuclear Physics", Erice, Sicily, Italy, 16-24 Sep 2004
EXPORT PERFORMANCE OF FIRMS IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES AND FOOD QUALITY AND SAFETY STANDARDS IN DEVELOPED COUNTRIES
Creators: name: Alpay, Savas
name: Yalcin, Ismet
name: Dolekoglu, Turker
name: Alpay, Savas
name: Yalcin, Ismet
name: Dolekoglu, Turker
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
International Relations/Trade

description: Turkey changed her economic policy in 1980s towards more liberal economy and higher exports. During this transition, the structure of the exports also changed from agricultural products towards industrial ones. Export of food products, for which the European Union is the largest market, has an important share in total exports. Recently, EU has started to increase the stringency of her regulations related to food quality, safety and environmental standards. This development necessitates the analysis of how Turkish firms exporting into EU should respond to them, and that is what this paper will try to demonstrate. We believe that such analysis is very valuable not only for Turkey but also for other developing countries.
ESTIMATING POTENTIAL GAINS TO COOPERATION FOR LIMITED WATER RESOURCES ALONG THE RIO GRANDE
Creators: name: Wichelns, Dennis
name: Nakao, Megumi
name: Irarrazabal, Alfonso
name: Montgomery, John T.
name: Wichelns, Dennis
name: Nakao, Megumi
name: Irarrazabal, Alfonso
name: Montgomery, John T.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: We examine the potential gains from cooperation in the withdrawal of water from the Hueco Bolson aquifer that provides a substantial portion of municipal water supplies in El Paso, Texas and Ciudad Juarez, Mexico. The aquifer lies beneath the international border, and both cities operate independently regarding pumping rates and annual withdrawals. The natural the rate of recharge has been less than the sum of annual withdrawals since the early 1900s, and the resource likely will be depleted if current pumping rates are maintained. Optimal pumping rates and depths are described using a model that maximizes the sum of net benefits obtained from municipal water supplies in both cities. Those results are compared with pumping rates and depths obtained using a dynamic game-theory model of strategic behavior involving the two cities.
Quantum walks in polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
Creators: name: Chawla, Prateek
name: Chandrashekar, C. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aromaticity is a well-known phenomenon in both physics and chemistry, and is responsible for many unique chemical and physical properties of aromatic molecules. The primary feature contributing to the stability of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons is the delocalised $π$-electron clouds in the $2p_z$ orbitals of each of the $N$ carbon atoms. While it is known that electrons delocalize among the hybridized $sp^2$ orbitals, this paper proposes quantum walk as the mechanism by which the delocalization occurs, and also obtains how the functional chemical structures of these molecules arise naturally out of such a construction. We present results of computations performed for some benzoid polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in this regard, and show that the quantum walk-based approach does correctly predict the reactive sites and stability order of the molecules considered.
description: 15 Pages, 10 Figures
Ο θεσμός της χρηματοδότησης της διαιτητικής δίκης από τρίτο (Third Party Funding)
Creators: name: Τσάκωνα, Χριστίνα
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Πειραιώς
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Χρηματοδότηση από τρίτο
subject: Third Party Funding
subject: Νομικό πλαίσιο
subject: Σύγκρουση συμφερόντων
subject: Έξοδα της διαιτησίας - καταμερισμός
subject: Διεθνής διαιτησία

description: Τα τελευταία χρόνια η χρηματοδότηση της διαιτητικής δίκης από τρίτο, άλλως γνωστή ως «Third Party Funding» ή με το ακρωνύμιο «TPF», γίνεται ολοένα και πιο δημοφιλής στο πλαίσιο τόσο της διεθνούς εμπορικής όσο και της επενδυτικής διαιτησίας. Προς αυτήν την κατεύθυνση έχει συντελέσει το γεγονός ότι η ανάδειξη της διαιτησίας ως του πλέον κατάλληλου θεσμού για την εξωδικαστική επίλυση διαφορών λόγω της δυναμικότητας, της ταχύτητας, της ευελιξίας και της ελαστικότητας που τη διακρίνει, εγείρει παράλληλα και κάποιες ανησυχίες και προβληματισμούς αναφορικά με το κόστος και τη διάρκεια της διαιτητικής διαδικασίας. Παρά τη μακρόχρονη συζήτηση σχετικά με την έννοια της χρηματοδότησης από τρίτο, εξακολουθεί να είναι δύσκολος ο ακριβής προσδιορισμός της, λόγω της ύπαρξης ευρέος φάσματος μοντέλων χρηματοδότησης, της απουσίας νομικής ρύθμισης και της ύπαρξης διεθνούς πρακτικής με γνώμονα την προστασία της ιδιωτικής ζωής. Η ευρέως διαδεδομένη και συνάμα αμφιλεγόμενη παρουσία του θεσμού σε διεθνές επίπεδο σημαίνει ότι η συζήτηση έχει μετατοπισθεί από την εξέταση του αν η χρηματοδότηση από τρίτο είναι νόμιμη και σε ποιό βαθμό, στην αξιολόγηση ειδικότερων θεμάτων, όπως ο ενδεχόμενος κίνδυνος να ελέγχεται η διαφορά από τον χρηματοδότη και η αναγκαιότητα ρύθμισης της χρηματοδότησης ώστε να παρέχει ίσες ευκαιρίες πρόσβασης στη δικαιοσύνη και να αποτρέπει κερδοσκοπικές και αμοραλιστικές συμπεριφορές από τα εμπλεκόμενα στη χρηματοδότηση μέρη. H εμφάνιση μιας νέας αγοράς χρηματοδότησης και η αύξηση του αριθμού των χρηματοδοτών έχει ως αποτέλεσμα η χρηματοδότηση από τρίτο να γίνεται αντικείμενο αυστηρής κριτικής από την κοινή γνώμη καθώς εγείρονται ορισμένα ζητήματα νομιμότητας και ηθικής. Επί της ουσίας, η χρηματοδότηση από τρίτο χαρακτηρίζεται άλλοτε ως έργο αγγέλων, άλλοτε ως έργο του διαβόλου και αντίστοιχα εκθειάζεται ή καταδικάζεται. Στην παρούσα εργασία αναλύεται η δομή και η φύση του θεσμού της χρηματοδότησης από τρίτο στο πλαίσιο της διεθνούς διαιτησίας και εξετάζονται η λειτουργία και οι κυριότερες προκλήσεις καθώς και οι πρόσφατες αλλαγές και καινοτομίες της. Δεδομένης της αυξανόμενης σημασίας της διεθνούς διαιτησίας και του θεαματικού ενδιαφέροντος για την χρηματοδότηση από τρίτο, η μελέτη αυτών των στοιχείων κρίνεται απαραίτητη συνιστώσα για να διαπιστωθεί εάν οι προβληματισμοί για την ακμάζουσα αυτή πρακτική είναι μύθοι ή πραγματικότητα.
Asheim, Ivar, Gold, Victor R.: Kirchenpräsident oder Bischof?
Creators: name: Gaßmann, Günter
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 18 Nr. 2 (1969): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 18, Heft 2
Towards an Open Science definition as a political and legal framework: on the sharing and dissemination of research outputs
Creators: name: Gomez-Diaz, Teresa
name: Recio, Tomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: It is widely recognised nowadays that there is no single, accepted, unified definition of Open Science, which motivates our proposal of an Open Science definition as a political and legal framework where research outputs are shared and disseminated in order to be rendered visible, accessible, reusable is developed, standing over the concepts enhanced by the Budapest Open Science Initiative (BOAI), and by the Free/Open Source Software (FOSS) and Open data movements. We elaborate this proposal through a detailed analysis of some selected EC policies and laws as well as of the function of research evaluation practices. The legal aspects considered in our examination include, in particular, the study of the role of licenses in the context of the dissemination of research outputs.
description: This is the Version 3 of the publication: Towards an Open Science definition as a political and legal framework: on the sharing and dissemination of research outputs, POLIS N. 19, 2020, available at http://uet.edu.al/polis/images/Teresa_Gomez-Diaz.pdf This version is also available at Zenodo, https://zenodo.org/record/4577066
THE MARKET FOR E-COMMERCE SERVICES IN AGRICULTURE
Creators: name: Ehmke, Cole
name: Ernst, Stanley C.
name: Hopkins, Jeffrey W.
name: Tweeten, Luther G.
name: Ehmke, Cole
name: Ernst, Stanley C.
name: Hopkins, Jeffrey W.
name: Tweeten, Luther G.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: We report results of a survey of 608 Ohio agribusinesses in 1999 and show them to be divided in their attitudes and acceptance of e-commerce. Half of the respondents report that their business has a web site, although many had taken a negative stance toward such a move. Nearly all say that the internet will significantly change their sector, and the majority of managers report that e-commerce has significantly affected the way they view their business.
Refined Reliability Combining for Binary Message Passing Decoding of Product Codes
Creators: name: Sheikh, Alireza
name: Amat, Alexandre Graell i
name: Liva, Gianluigi
name: Alvarado, Alex
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose a novel soft-aided iterative decoding algorithm for product codes (PCs). The proposed algorithm, named iterative bounded distance decoding with combined reliability (iBDD-CR), enhances the conventional iterative bounded distance decoding (iBDD) of PCs by exploiting some level of soft information. In particular, iBDD-CR can be seen as a modification of iBDD where the hard decisions of the row and column decoders are made based on a reliability estimate of the BDD outputs. The reliability estimates are derived using extrinsic message passing for generalized low-density-parity check (GLDPC) ensembles, which encompass PCs. We perform a density evolution analysis of iBDD-CR for transmission over the additive white Gaussian noise channel for the GLDPC ensemble. We consider both binary transmission and bit-interleaved coded modulation with quadrature amplitude modulation.We show that iBDD-CR achieves performance gains up to $0.51$ dB compared to iBDD with the same internal decoder data flow. This makes the algorithm an attractive solution for very high-throughput applications such as fiber-optic communications.
High-order Harmonic Generation and Dynamic Localization in a driven two-level system, a non-perturbative solution using the Floquet-Green formalism
Creators: name: Martinez, D. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply the Floquet-Green operator formalism to the case of a harmonically-driven two-level system. We derive exact expressions for the quasi-energies and the components of the Floquet eigenstates with the use of continued fractions. We study the avoided crossings structure of the quasi-energies as a function of the strength of the driving field and give an interpretation in terms of resonant multi-photon processes. From the Floquet eigenstates we obtain the time-evolution operator. Using this operator we study Dynamic Localization and High-order Harmonic Generation in the non-perturbative regime.
title: Postmenopausal hormone and the risk of nephrolithiasis
title: a meta-analysis
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Yu, Juan
name: Yin, Binyan
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: postmenopause
subject: nephrolithiasis
subject: hormone
subject: women
subject: kidney stone
subject: 610

description: Menopause is reported to be associated with increased urinary calcium excretion, which may enhance the risk for the development of calcium kidney stones. However, it remains controversial about whether high level of postmenopausal hormone (PMH) is a risk factor for formation of nephrolithiasis. Several observational studies have shown that PMH is protective based on 24-hour urinary parameters. Recent clinical trials provided evidence to conclude that estrogen therapy increases the risk of nephrolithiasis in healthy postmenopausal women. Our study aimed to comprehensively assess clinical evidence on the relationship between postmenopausal hormone level and risk of nephrolithiasis. To conduct systematic review, we pooled total 98 potentially related articles in Cochrane library, Medline, and Embase. Three studies with a total of 71101 study participants that included two clinical trials, 4 stratified and potentially usable results by the status of menopause and type of PMH use derived from one prospective cohort study, and one case-control studies were selected to pool relative risk using random-effect model. How the difference in menopause status, whether naturally menopausal or surgically menopausal, influenced the pooled relative risk was included in the subgroup analysis. The study population aged from 45 to 70 years old. The follow-up year and adjusted confounders differed across different studies. The pooled relative risk for the 7 stratified studies was 0.91 (95 % confidence interval (CI): [0.72, 1.14]). In the menopausal status-specific analysis, the pooled relative risk for naturally menopausal women was 0.92 (95 % CI, [0.64, 1.27]; I2 = 82.74 %) whereas the pooled relative risk for surgically postmenopausal women is 0.90 (95 % CI, [0.63, 1.29]; I2 = 78.47 %). The above results suggested that there was no significant association between PMH and the risk of nephrolithiasis. The difference in menopausal status did not influence the relationship between PMH and the risk of kidney stone formation.
description: EXCLI Journal;Vol. 16 2017
Chandra Study of the Cepheus B Star Forming Region: Stellar Populations and the Initial Mass Function
Creators: name: Getman, Konstantin V.
name: Feigelson, Eric D.
name: Townsley, Leisa
name: Broos, Patrick
name: Garmire, Gordon
name: Tsujimoto, Masahiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cepheus B (Cep B) molecular cloud and a portion of the nearby Cep OB3b OB association, one of the most active regions of star formation within 1 kpc, has been observed with the ACIS detector on board the Chandra X-ray Observatory. We detect 431 X-ray sources, of which 89% are confidently identified as clustered pre-main sequence stars. Two main results are obtained. First, we provide the best census to date for the stellar population of the region. We identify many members of two rich stellar clusters: the lightly obscured Cep OB3b association, and the deeply embedded cluster in Cep B whose existence was previously traced only by a handful of radio sources and T Tauri stars. Second, we find a discrepancy between the X-ray Luminosity Functions of the Cep OB3b and the Orion Nebula Cluster. This may be due to different Initial Mass Functions of two regions (excess of ~0.3 solar mass stars), or different age distributions. Several other results are obtained. A diffuse X-ray component seen in the field is attributed to the integrated emission of unresolved low mass PMS stars. The X-ray emission from HD 217086 (O7n), the principle ionizing source of the region, follows the standard model involving many small shocks in an unmagnetized radiatively accelerated wind. The X-ray source #294 joins a number of similar superflare PMS stars where long magnetic structures may connect the protoplanetary disk to the stellar surface.
description: 72 pages, 31 figures, 8 tables. Accepted for publication in ApJ
A Software-Repair Robot based on Continual Learning
Creators: name: Baudry, Benoit
name: Chen, Zimin
name: Etemadi, Khashayar
name: Fu, Han
name: Ginelli, Davide
name: Kommrusch, Steve
name: Martinez, Matias
name: Monperrus, Martin
name: Ron, Javier
name: Ye, He
name: Yu, Zhongxing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Software bugs are common and correcting them accounts for a significant part of costs in the software development and maintenance process. This calls for automatic techniques to deal with them. One promising direction towards this goal is gaining repair knowledge from historical bug fixing examples. Retrieving insights from software development history is particularly appealing with the constant progress of machine learning paradigms and skyrocketing `big' bug fixing data generated through Continuous Integration (CI). In this paper, we present R-Hero, a novel software repair bot that applies continual learning to acquire bug fixing strategies from continuous streams of source code changes, implemented for the single development platform Github/Travis CI. We describe R-Hero, our novel system for learning how to fix bugs based on continual training, and we uncover initial successes as well as novel research challenges for the community.
The Physics of Flames in Type Ia Supernovae
Creators: name: Zingale, M.
name: Woosley, S. E.
name: Bell, J. B.
name: Day, M. S.
name: Rendleman, C. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extend a low Mach number hydrodynamics method developed for terrestrial combustion, to the study of thermonuclear flames in Type Ia supernovae. We discuss the differences between 2-D and 3-D Rayleigh-Taylor unstable flame simulations, and give detailed diagnostics on the turbulence, showing that the kinetic energy power spectrum obeys Bolgiano-Obukhov statistics in 2-D, but Kolmogorov statistics in 3-D. Preliminary results from 3-D reacting bubble calculations are shown, and their implications for ignition are discussed.
description: To appear in the Proceedings of the SciDAC 2005 meeting, IOP press (http://www.iop.org). Some figures degraded in quality to conserve space
Ökumenischer Rat der Kirchen: Konzile und die ökumenische Bewegung
Creators: name: Küppers, Werner
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 18 Nr. 2 (1969): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 18, Heft 2
ADJUSTMENTS OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY FOR NITROGEN EFFLUENT IN THE GREAT PLAINS
Creators: name: Rezek, Jon P.
name: Perrin, Richard K.
name: Rezek, Jon P.
name: Perrin, Richard K.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: Productivity Analysis

description: Traditional measures of agricultural productivity only incorporate those inputs and outputs that are recorded in market transactions. However, such measures do not account for externalities such as environmental damage. This study uses an output distance function framework to estimate a Malmqvist productivity index for a panel of Great Plains states then adjusts this index by incorporating nitrogen effluent into the analysis. We estimate that long-run environmentally-adjusted productivity growth was approximately 13 percent below the unadjusted rate during the sample period. However the environmentally sensitive productivity rate actually exceeded the unadjusted rate in recent years, reflecting reductions in the discharge of agricultural nitrogen into the environment.
A class of exact solutions of Einstein's field equations in higher dimensional spacetimes, d${\bm\geq 4}$: Majumdar-Papapetrou solutions
Creators: name: Lemos, Jose' P. S.
name: Zanchin, Vilson T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Newtonian theory of gravitation and electrostatics admit equilibrium configurations of charged fluids where the charge density can be equal to the mass density, in appropriate units. The general relativistic analog for charged dust stars was discovered by Majumdar and by Papapetrou. In the present work we consider Einstein-Maxwell solutions in d-dimensional spacetimes and show that there are Majumdar-Papapetrou type solutions for all ${\rm d} \geq 4$. It is verified that the equilibrium is independent of the shape of the distribution of the charged matter. It is also showed that for perfect fluid solutions satisfying the Majumdar-Papapetrou condition with a boundary where the pressure is zero, the pressure vanishes everywhere, and that the $({\rm d}-1)$-dimensional spatial section of the spacetime is conformal to a Ricci-flat space. The Weyl d-dimensional axisymmetric solutions are generalized to include electric field and charged matter.
description: 26 pages, no figures
R Code and run data for Rohling et al (2024 subm to Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology): Rohling et al_SUPPLEMENT_main run code-cleaned.
Creators: name: Rohling, Eelco
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 370904
subject: Palaeoclimatology

description: R code for submitted paper Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology. This code calculates ice volumes, associated GIA, and Rayleigh Distillation over the past 40 million years. It then compares implied deep-sea temperatures with those from clumped isotopes, and explores the discrepancies, testing hypotheses in a quantitative manner.
title: Association between polymorphisms in the promoter region of the apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene and Alzheimers disease
title: a meta-analysis
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Xiao, Hanyan
name: Gao, Yifeng
name: Liu, Lei
name: Li, Yan
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Alzheimer’s disease
subject: apolipoprotein E
subject: promoter region
subject: polymorphism
subject: 610

description: Several studies have evaluated the role of polymorphisms in the promoter region of APOE gene that encodes apolipoprotein E (APOE) and the susceptibility to Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The aim of this literature review and meta-analysis was to investigate the relationship between the APOE promoter region single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (rs449647, -491A/T; rs769446, -427T/C and rs405509 -219T/G) and the risk of developing AD. Eligible controlled studies published up to November 2016 were retrieved from main online scientific and medical databases. Odds ratio (OR) and 95 % confidence interval (CI) were used to calculate the strength of the relationship. A total of 23 publications (19 for rs449647, ten for rs769446 and ten for rs405509) were retrieved that included 5,703 patients with AD and 5,692 controls. The C allele of the rs769446 variant of the promoter region of APOE gene was significantly associated with an increase of risk of AD (OR = 1.271, 95 % CI = 1.114–1.449, P < 0.0001), while other genetic models of this variant were not related with susceptibility to AD. Rs449647 and rs405509 polymorphisms of APOE gene were not associated with an increase of risk of AD. The findings of this literature review and meta-analysis have shown that rs769446 polymorphism in the promoter region of APOE gene could be a risk factor for AD. Future large-scale studies on the role of polymorphisms in the promoter region of APOE gene in AD are still awaited.
description: EXCLI Journal;Vol. 16 2017
Non-self recognition in filamentous fungi : the het-c mediated vegetative incompatibility in neurospora crassa
Creators: name: Wu, Jennifer Donglan
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: In Neurospora crassa, at least eleven het loci including the mating-type locus have been identified that regulate non-self recognition during vegetative growth. One of the genetically and molecularly characterized loci, het-c, was shown to encode three alleles het-cOR, het-cPA and het-cGR. The three het-c alleles encode similar polypeptides with a 34 - 48 amino acid polymorphic region that controls allelic specificity. In an effort to understand the biological role of the het-c locus in filamentous fungi, the sequences of het-c specificity region from species within Neurospora and its related genera were analyzed. The het-c locus exhibited a trans-specific mode of evolution (an allele from one species is more closely related to an allele from another species or genus than to other alleles from the same species) based on a phylogenetic analysis of DNA sequences and an increased frequency and number of nonsynonymous nucleotide substitutions in the polymorphic domain. This study suggested that the het-c locus is under balancing selection for the function of mediating non-self recognition. The polymorphic region in the peptides encoded by the three het-c alleles was dissimilar by both amino acid sequences and the pattern of deletion or insertion. To differentiate whether the composition of amino acid sequences or the pattern of insertion/deletion is the critical determinant for het-c allelic specificity, chimeric constructs of naturally occurring and artificially generated het-c alleles were introduced into N. crassa strains with alternative het-c specificities. Incompatibility of the transformants was assayed by occurrence of dead hyphal compartments, growth rate and colony morphology. This study suggested that spatial characteristics as affected by the pattern and size of the deletion/insertion within the specificity domain were the primary determinant for het-c allelic specificity. Immunoprecipitation studies indicated that non-self recognition is mediated by HET-c heteromeric complex formation during vegetative incompatibility, and that differences in the specificity domain affect the capacity to make heterocomplexes versus homocomplexes.