cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: The Meanings of Chronic Pain: Chronic Pain as a 'Biographical Disruption'
Creators: name: Guy, Lynette M
Publisher: name: Griffith University
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Chronic pain patients
subject: disempowered patients
subject: empowered patients
subject: seeking revenge patients
subject: pain management

description: Understanding the meaning that the patient makes of their pain is critical to the effective management of chronic pain. Not only do individual patients with chronic pain have difficulty coping with changes to their bodies and to their way of living, in many cases they also face a future of uncertainty and increasing disability. Over time, having chronic unrelenting pain can bring about a loss of self-identity and self-esteem, with threats to future vocational or career prospects. This has the potential to disrupt previous biographical plans and aspirations, to create a 'biographical disruption', in sociological terms. Full appreciation of the biological, the psychological and social influences on the patient, the biopsychosocial perspective, is important, therefore, to the successful management of those with chronic pain. In current times, when an aging workforce and increasing numbers of disabled adults are placing increased burden on social structures and insurance schemes, successful management of chronic pain is becoming even more important. This study set out to investigate these factors amongst patients and professionals dealing with this condition. Analysis of data from in-depth interviews with treating practitioners and patients in relation to their perceptions of 'success' in pain management, and 'barriers to success' supported the emergence of three distinct patient groups. Patient outcomes were defined in the form of a patient typology, described as: 'Disempowered': those who were disempowered, depressed and remaining dependent upon social benefits and ongoing health care, with a 'disappearing biography'; 'Empowered': patients who were socially mobile, able to become empowered and 'reclaiming a biography'; and 'Seeking revenge': those seeking validation of their injury, remaining angry and intent on revenge, seeking to regain their 'stolen biography'. These interpretations were a product of interactions with others, which included treating practitioners, insurance company and rehabilitation personnel. The findings of this qualitative study provide original and significant application and elaboration of the concept of 'biographical disruption' to chronic pain management. Findings from this research suggest that social factors have previously been underestimated as determinants of successful outcomes in relation to pain management. Rather than biological and psychological factors, social factors were identified as playing a major role in the development and maintenance of disability, pain and dysfunction in this population.
Efficient distillation beyond qubits
Creators: name: Vollbrecht, K. G. H.
name: Wolf, M. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide generalizations of known two-qubit entanglement distillation protocols for arbitrary Hilbert space dimensions. The protocols, which are analogues of the hashing and breeding procedures, are adapted to bipartite quantum states which are diagonal in a basis of maximally entangled states. We show that the obtained rates are optimal, and thus equal to the distillable entanglement, for a (d-1) parameter family of rank deficient states. Methods to improve the rates for other states are discussed. In particular, for isotropic states it is shown that the rate can be improved such that it approaches the relative entropy of entanglement in the limit of large dimensions.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures, revtex4
Spatial Transformer for 3D Point Clouds
Creators: name: Wang, Jiayun
name: Chakraborty, Rudrasis
name: Yu, Stella X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Deep neural networks are widely used for understanding 3D point clouds. At each point convolution layer, features are computed from local neighborhoods of 3D points and combined for subsequent processing in order to extract semantic information. Existing methods adopt the same individual point neighborhoods throughout the network layers, defined by the same metric on the fixed input point coordinates. This common practice is easy to implement but not necessarily optimal. Ideally, local neighborhoods should be different at different layers, as more latent information is extracted at deeper layers. We propose a novel end-to-end approach to learn different non-rigid transformations of the input point cloud so that optimal local neighborhoods can be adopted at each layer. We propose both linear (affine) and non-linear (projective and deformable) spatial transformers for 3D point clouds. With spatial transformers on the ShapeNet part segmentation dataset, the network achieves higher accuracy for all categories, with 8\% gain on earphones and rockets in particular. Our method also outperforms the state-of-the-art on other point cloud tasks such as classification, detection, and semantic segmentation. Visualizations show that spatial transformers can learn features more efficiently by dynamically altering local neighborhoods according to the geometry and semantics of 3D shapes in spite of their within-category variations. Our code is publicly available at https://github.com/samaonline/spatial-transformer-for-3d-point-clouds.
description: To appear in IEEE Transactions on PAMI, 2021
Hubble cattura un’abbagliante collana cosmica
Creators: Maura Sandri
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2021

Il telescopio spaziale Hubble della Nasa ci ha regalato una nuova spettacolare immagine di una collana di proporzioni cosmiche, adornata di brillanti grumi di gas che sembrano diamanti. Si tratta di una nebulosa planetaria a 15mila anni luce dalla Terra, conosciuta come Nebulosa Collana e generata dall’interazione di due stelle condannate a scontrarsi
High optical magnetism of dodecahedral plasmonic meta-atoms
Creators: name: Many, Véronique
name: Dézert, Romain
name: Duguet, Etienne
name: Baron, Alexandre
name: Jangid, Vikas
name: Ponsinet, Virginie
name: Ravaine, Serge
name: Richetti, Philippe
name: Barois, Philippe
name: Tréguer-Delapierre, Mona
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The generation in artificial composites of a magnetic response to light comparable in magnitude with the natural electric response, may offer an invaluable control parameter for a fine steering of light at the nanoscale. In many experimental realizations however, the magnetic response of artificial meta-atoms is too weak so that there is a need for new designs with increased magnetic polarizability. Numerical simulations show that geometrical plasmonic nanostructures based on the ideal model of Platonic solids are excellent candidates for the production of strong optical magnetism in visible light. Inspired by this model, we developed a bottom-up approach to synthesize plasmonic nano-clusters made of twelve gold patched located at the center of the faces of a dodecahedron. The scattering of the electric and magnetic dipole induced by light are measured across the whole visible range. The ratio of the magnetic to electric response at resonance is found three times higher than its counterpart measured on disordered plasmonic clusters (plasmonic raspberries) of the same size. Numerical simulations confirm the experimental measurements of the magnetic response.
description: 14 pages, 8 figures
МЕВА ВА САБЗАВОТ МАҲСУЛОТЛАРНИ САҚЛАШ ТЕХНОЛОГИЯСИ
Creators: name: Khalikov Muhriddin Mardikulovych , Djuraev Khairullo Fayziyevich , Nasirova Shaira Narmuradovna
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Abstract

This article covers the information about the technology of storage of fruit and vegetable products. In the sustainable development of fruit and vegetable production, the use of advanced technologies of product cultivation, the introduction of modern methods of product processing and storage make it possible to prevent food shortages today.

Key words: fruit, vegetable, product, storage, technology, natural, method, artificial, substance.
Così cresce un pianeta gassoso
Creators: Valentina Guglielmo
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2021

Osservare direttamente un pianeta in formazione in ultravioletto, e stimare il tasso di accrescimento in massa dovuto alla caduta di gas e polveri su di esso, non era mai stato fatto prima. Grazie alle osservazioni di Hubble, questo è stato possibile per un pianeta di circa 5 milioni di anni a 370 anni luce dalla Terra. Si apre così un nuovo filone nella ricerca esoplanetaria
La costante di Hubble da collisioni catastrofiche
Creators: Maura Sandri
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2021

Secondo un nuovo studio della University College London, l’osservazione delle violente collisioni di buchi neri e stelle di neutroni potrebbe presto fornire una nuova misura indipendente della velocità di espansione dell'universo, aiutando a risolvere la controversia di lunga data sulla stima della costante di Hubble. Tutti i dettagli su Physical Review Letters
Dengue Fever, Trash, and the Politics of Responsibility in Favelas, Subúrbios, and Peri-Urban Areas of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Creators: Alley, Steven Christopher
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: Public health
Ethnology
Public policy (Law)

description: This study examines the politics of responsibility for dengue fever, the world’s fastest growing mosquito-transmitted viral disease, drawing on ethnographic research in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Inhabitants of favelas (squatter communities) and other low-income areas are blamed for dengue in Brazil, yet entrenched poverty and political abandonment of the poor drive dengue outbreaks in Brazilian cities: inadequate sanitation in areas where the poor live leaves trash to accumulate and collect standing water, creating ideal breeding grounds for dengue mosquitoes.
           The study examines three central questions: What forces influence relationships among the urban poor, more socioeconomically powerful groups in civil society, and state actors who occupy various positions of influence within public health, sanitation, environmental, and public safety sectors in the context dengue fever in everyday life? What are the cultural assumptions about the causes of dengue in Brazil, and where do they place responsibility for its prevention? How do interactions among inhabitants of favelas and well-to-do neighborhoods, waste pickers, health surveillance agents, and police officers affect processes of social inclusion and exclusion in overlapping contexts of dengue, trash, urban space, and security in the city Rio de Janeiro?
           Throughout the study’s analysis, I map social and physical spaces of Rio where people, trash, mosquitoes, and dengue viruses move in and out of view, in order to reveal how symbolic and material interactions in the past and present continually reshape political economies of responsibility. I argue that negotiations over social worth and collective health play out in Rio through historical, economic, and ecological entanglements, and that from these entanglements arise practices that securitize urban space and health yet, paradoxically, produce new forms of vulnerability.
Demolition by Neglect of New York City Individual and Historic District Landmarks
Creators: Swyers, Lisa Renz
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Historic buildings--Maintenance and repair
subject: Architecture
subject: FOS: Civil engineering
subject: Cultural property--Protection

description: When a building or district is designated by the Landmarks Preservation
Commission, it provides a steep measure of protection and regulation for the building, assuring the building or district will move forward in time utilizing
managed change to retain the special qualities and character that define it
as a landmark. When a New York City Landmark or District suffers from demolition by neglect, it is an affront to the entire premise of what the designation represents. Although not widespread, the rupture a demolition
by neglect building produces in a streetscape is jarring and cannot be ignored. In many instances, the harm caused by demolition by neglect extends beyond the loss of character. Physical deterioration and abandonment is often accompanied by squatting and associated problems with fire and a litany of illegal activities, imperiling not only the building in question, but the neighboring buildings as well. Yet, despite the seriousness of this condition both to urban heritage and the health, safety, and welfare of the city residents, there is an inadequacy of the Landmarks Preservation Commission or other city agencies to deal with demolition by neglect completely despite the regulatory mechanism provided by the landmark laws. My thesis will examine the conditions which precede demolition by neglect when it occurs among designated properties and within historic districts; assert that the Landmarks Preservation Commission has matured from an agency whose purpose was to identify historic resources to one which must now focus more on managing and protecting the resources it has previously singled out as illustrated through demolition by neglect; determine why the landmarks law and the Landmarks Preservation Commission has not been as effective in diminishing this problem through regulation and enforcement as one might hope; identify ways in which the efficacy of the New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission can be improved and identify tools that may be utilized in tandem with established
Commission avenues to produce a more dexterous approach to a complex problem.
Math Confidence in College Students
Creators: name: Trzesniewski, Kali
name: Robins, Alec
Publisher: name: OSF Registries
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Science and Mathematics Education
subject: Personality and Social Contexts
subject: Education
subject: Higher Education
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: This study will examine the general math confidence of college students and the accuracy of their math self confidence. This study will use the math SAT scores and Math Self-Concept of ability scores from UC Berkley students.
Demystifying Learner Success: Before, During, and After a Massive Open Online Course
Creators: Wang, Yuan
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cognitive psychology
subject: Education
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: MOOCs (Web-based instruction)
subject: Learning, Psychology of

description: Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) have gained great popularity during a relatively short time frame. Yet, measuring MOOC learner success has been fairly challenging. The development of technology and scale of online education considerably outpace efforts to evaluate and understand how well it is succeeding at improving outcomes. As a response and after reviewing current literature and relevant theories, in this dissertation, three research directions have been identified, as critical steps toward better understanding MOOC success: 1.How does a learner’s motivation influence their outcomes? 2. How does a learner’s motivation influence their performance and engagement within a MOOC? 3. How does a learner’s performance and engagement within the course influence their outcomes? Given these three research questions, three studies have been conducted to analyze both MOOC learner motivation and learning activities via taking into account learner data before, during, and after taking a MOOC. This research considers success at two stages: during the course itself (course completion), and the student’s post-course career development. The results of Study 1 showed that course completers tend to be more interested in the course content, whereas non-completers tend to be more interested in MOOCs as a type of learning experience. Learners who complete the course tend to have more self-efficacy for their ability to complete the course, from the beginning. Grit and goal orientation are associated with course completion, with grit predicting course completion independently from intention to complete, and with comparable strength. Study 2 investigated 5 behavioral thresholds in addition to just looking at course completion alone and looked into how each of the 5 types may link to the different motivational aspects included in the pre-course survey. The results indicated that emerging patterns unique to the MOOC environment could be related to various learning needs that require engagement with the course materials on varied levels. For example, skipping introductory videos might relate to learners intention of focusing on a sub-set of the course materials. Results of Study 3 showed that career advancers earn better scores and are more likely to complete the course. Career advancers also engaged more frequently with all key course components such as course pages, lecture videos, assignment submissions, and discussion forums. However, when further examining interaction behaviors within discussion forums, advancers tend to be forum lurkers who frequently read the forums but were less likely to post, comment, or vote. The results of these studies can increase our understanding of MOOC learner success and help inform a framework that evaluates a MOOC learner’s success in a comprehensive way.
Comparison of unitary transforms
Creators: name: Andersson, Erika
name: Jex, Igor
name: Barnett, Stephen M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the problem of comparing unitary transformations. The task is to decide, with minimal resources and maximal reliability, whether two given unitary transformations are identical or different. It is possible to make such comparisons without obtaining any information about the individual transformations. Different comparison strategies are presented and compared with respect to their efficiency. With an interferometric setup, it is possible to compare two unitary transforms using only one test particle. Another strategy makes use of a two-particle singlet state. This strategy is more efficient than using a non-entangled two-particle test state, thus demonstrating the benefit of entanglement. Generalisations to higher dimensional transforms and to more than two transformations are made.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures, revtex4, submitted to J. Phys. A
title: Wo stehen sie, wo wollen sie hin? – Skills Assessment in einem Programm zur Förderung der Allgemeinmedizin
Creators: name: Werner, Felix
name: Kalms, Stephanie
name: Kunisch, Raphael
name: Ott, Stefanie
name: Roos, Marco
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Hintergrund: Die zunehmenden Schwierigkeiten in der Sicherstellung der hausärztlichen Versorgung in den ländlichen Regionen werden immer offensichtlicher. 2018 wurde vor diesem Hintergrund vom Bayerischen Staatsministerium für Gesundheit und Pflege das Projekt „Beste Landpartie[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: 53. Kongress für Allgemeinmedizin und Familienmedizin
Density-Dependent Mu Opioid Receptor Function Revealed by  Single-Molecule Microscopy
Creators: Holsey, Michael David
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Cytology
subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Opioids--Receptors
subject: Arrestins
subject: Opioids
subject: Cell membranes

description: The Mu Opioid Receptor (MOR) is a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) important for pain regulation. Opioid agonists have long been the most effective treatment for most types of pain; however, this class of drugs is highly problematic due to the combination of several dangerous side effects like addiction, tolerance, and respiratory depression. Recently, a dramatic rise in opioid prescriptions has led to a nationwide opioid epidemic. Efforts to develop novel opioids with improved therapeutic profiles have led to work suggesting that MOR signaling through G proteins leads to analgesia while signaling through arrestin leads to respiratory depression and tolerance. However, more recent work has raised questions about which aspects of arrestin signaling and function contribute to these side effects. Additionally, the overall complexity of arrestin function especially with regard to trafficking at the cell membrane has recently come in to clearer view. Here, we use single-molecule tracking to describe membrane diffusion behavior of single MORs before and after agonist treatment in heterologous cells. By tracking individual MORs, we have revealed cell-context specific rules for MOR immobilization and endocytosis and shown that these processes depend on receptor density as well as the local availability of arrestin molecules.
Watching the Election Sausage Get Made: How Data Journalists Visualize the Vote Counting Process in U.S. Elections
Creators: name: Cai, Mandi
name: Kay, Matthew
Publisher: name: OSF Registries
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
subject: Computer Sciences
subject: United States elections
subject: dashboard visualization
subject: design space
subject: progressive visualization
subject: qualitative methods
subject: uncertainty visualization

description: Election results in the United States are visualized online in real time by news outlets as vote counting persists over days or weeks. They are a massive public-facing exercise in managing audience understanding of uncertainty in partial data, breaking news web traffic records as the public seeks information about winners. We categorize designs of real-time election results from 19 U.S. news outlets and election results providers for the 2020 and 2022 general elections to create a visual vocabulary of live results. We then use this vocabulary to guide interviews with data journalists who worked on these designs to understand their design goals and challenges. Tying these conversations back to our visual vocabulary, we map out how communication goals like balancing certainty and uncertainty in the journey towards finding out winners, alongside challenges like determining thresholds at which information is shown, manifest in the designs displayed.
title: Stresserleben und Gesundheitsverhalten im Medizinstudium – Ergebnisse einer Online-Befragung von Medizinstudierenden
Creators: name: Afshar, Kambiz
name: Bleidorn, Jutta
name: Jendretzky, Konstantin
name: Schneider, Nils
name: Engel, Bettina
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Hintergrund: Das Genfer Gelöbnis hebt seit 2017 die eigene Gesundheit von Ärzt*innen hervor: „Ich werde auf meine eigene Gesundheit, mein Wohlergehen und meine Fähigkeiten achten, um eine Behandlung auf höchstem Niveau leisten zu können.“ Auch deshalb ist [zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: 53. Kongress für Allgemeinmedizin und Familienmedizin
A Provably Accurate Randomized Sampling Algorithm for Logistic Regression
Creators: name: Chowdhury, Agniva
name: Ramuhalli, Pradeep
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In statistics and machine learning, logistic regression is a widely-used supervised learning technique primarily employed for binary classification tasks. When the number of observations greatly exceeds the number of predictor variables, we present a simple, randomized sampling-based algorithm for logistic regression problem that guarantees high-quality approximations to both the estimated probabilities and the overall discrepancy of the model. Our analysis builds upon two simple structural conditions that boil down to randomized matrix multiplication, a fundamental and well-understood primitive of randomized numerical linear algebra. We analyze the properties of estimated probabilities of logistic regression when leverage scores are used to sample observations, and prove that accurate approximations can be achieved with a sample whose size is much smaller than the total number of observations. To further validate our theoretical findings, we conduct comprehensive empirical evaluations. Overall, our work sheds light on the potential of using randomized sampling approaches to efficiently approximate the estimated probabilities in logistic regression, offering a practical and computationally efficient solution for large-scale datasets.
description: Published in the proceedings of AAAI 2024
Quality of life in persons with hearing loss: a study of patients referred to an audiological service
Creators: name: Nordvik, Øyvind
name: Heggdal, Peder O. Laugen
name: Brännström, Jonas
name: Hjermstad, Marianne Jensen
name: Aarstad, Anne Kari
name: Aarstad, Hans Jørgen
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Objective: To investigate the relationship between hearing loss (HL) and general quality of life (QoL) in adults seeking hearing aids (HAs). Design: The patients completed the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) Quality of Life Questionnaire’s general part and a questionnaire measuring self-assessed communication ability (Abbreviated Profile of hearing Aid Benefit—APHAB). These responses were compared with EORTC scores from a general population and patients with former head and neck cancer. Study sample: One-hundred and fifty-eight adults with HL were recruited prior to hearing aid (HA) fitting with one half seeking renewal of their HA. Results: General QoL scores among patients with HL were similar to those in the general population, but higher than in many chronic serious diseases. Patients with unilateral HL reported slightly worse social function and more fatigue than patients with bilateral HL. Self-assessed communication ability correlated with general QoL scores. Also, we found that best ear pure tone average (PTA), cognitive and physical QoL function predicted APHAB scores. Conclusion: In the investigated HL group, general QoL scores seem to be relatively close to those seen in the general population.
title: Mehr Hausärzte durch ein Blockpraktikum?
Creators: name: Wagner, Meike Caroline
name: von Braunmühl, Malte Florian
name: Mergeay, Anne
name: Freitag, Michael
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Hintergrund: Der Bedarf an Allgemeinmediziner*Innen, speziell in ländlichen Gebieten, wächst. Um das Fach Allgemeinmedizin zu fördern, integriert die Universität Oldenburg im Modellstudiengang Humanmedizin ein vierwöchiges Blockpraktikum in speziell geschulten Hausarztpraxen.[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: 53. Kongress für Allgemeinmedizin und Familienmedizin
Deportation Under Obama and Trump: A Contrasting Examination of Immigration Legislation and Their Real and Perceived Impact Under Different Administrations
Creators: Roe, Stephanie
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Human rights
Emigration and immigration--Government policy
Deportation
Emigration and immigration law

description: This thesis explores deportation in modern America.  With an initial examination of the immigration laws passed in the 1980 and 90s which resulted in the advent of mass deportation, this paper then explore regional responses to a lack of congressional immigration reform and the subsequent federal response.  Focusing on the Obama administration and the first year of the Trump Presidency this paper explores the actions and impact that these men have on some of the country’s most vulnerable residents.
title: Stereotype Bilder vom Leben und Arbeiten in ländlichen Regionen unter ÄiW Allgemeinmedizin in Hessen
Creators: name: Baum, Erika
name: Groth, Jana
name: Hierasimowicz, Konrad
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Hintergrund: Viele ländliche Regionen Deutschlands sind vom Hausärztemangel betroffen oder bedroht. Neben objektiver Faktoren (mangelhafte Infrastruktur, überwiegend Einzelpraxen, mehr Hausbesuche) scheinen dabei auch subjektive Vorstellungen vom ländlichen Raum eine zentrale Rolle[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: 53. Kongress für Allgemeinmedizin und Familienmedizin
Density Functional Theory: Development and Applications
Creators: Hall, Michelle Lynn
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Chemistry
Computer science

description: We describe the utility of Density Functional Theory (DFT) to explain phenomena of practical interest in Part I and embark upon further development of this powerful method in Part II. Specifically, we show that DFT can be used to predict enantioselectivities and regioselectivities (Chapters 3 and 5) and the effect of mutation on catalysis of enzymes (Chapter 4). We then extend upon a previously developed DFT functional, making it applicable to both the treatment of barrier heights and transition states (Chapter 7) and then proceed to make it continuous and capable of treating an entire reaction coordinate (Chapter 8).
title: Telemedizin und Hausärztebedarf aus kommunaler Perspektive – eine explorative Studie
Creators: name: Weißenfeld, Maja
name: Götz, Katja
name: Steinhäuser, Jost
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Hintergrund: Telemedizin wird vielfach als hilfreiche Unterstützung für die Versorgung von Patienten z.B. im ländlichen Raum gesehen. Allerdings ist die Akzeptanz von telemedizinischen Anwendungen (TA) nicht bekannt. Um TA anbieten zu können, sind mehrere Voraussetzungen nötig,[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: 53. Kongress für Allgemeinmedizin und Familienmedizin
Uniform Decoherence Effect on Localizable Entanglement in Random Multi-qubit Pure States
Creators: name: Banerjee, Ratul
name: Pal, Amit Kumar
name: De, Aditi Sen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the patterns in distributions of localizable entanglement over a pair of qubits for random multi-qubit pure states. We observe that the mean of localizable entanglement increases gradually with increasing the number of qubits of random pure states while the standard deviation of the distribution decreases. The effects on the distributions, when the random pure multi-qubit states are subjected to local as well as global noisy channels, are also investigated. Unlike the noiseless scenario, the average value of the localizable entanglement remains almost constant with the increase in the number of parties for a fixed value of noise parameter. We also find out that the maximum strength of noise under which entanglement survives can be independent of the localizable entanglement content of the initial random pure states.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures, 3 tables, Close to published version
Lettera a un amico mai incontrato
Creators: Caterina Boccato
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2021

È morto a Cagliari all’età di 58 anni Stefano Asili, uno tra i più brillanti designer e grafici d'arte contemporanei. Realizzò loghi per diverse istituzioni, fra i quali quelli dell’Istituto nazionale di astrofisica, dell’Osservatorio astronomico di Cagliari e del Sardinia Radio Telescope. Lo ricorda oggi su Media Inaf Caterina Boccato, responsabile della didattica e divulgazione dell’ente
title: Towards Closing Gaps in Public Health Interventions: A Theory-Based Analysis of Social Determinants in HIV Prevention in Queensland
Creators: name: May, Katya
Publisher: name: Griffith University
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: HIV prevention
subject: Public health
subject: Social Determinants of Health (SDH) approach

description: HIV is now a chronic and manageable disease in developed countries, treatment however is a substantial burden on people's health and countries' economic systems. In the industrialized world, an estimated 70 per cent of HIV transmission occurs through men who have sex with men (MSM); worldwide, the range is 5-10 per cent. Australian HIV infection rates have increased by more than 8 per cent in 2011 and by 50 per cent growth over the past 10 years. In Australia since 2001, HIV risk behaviour has declined in NSW, whereas it has increased iu Victoria and Queensland. Australian data from Gay Community Periodic Surveys 1998-2006 suggests that the increase in HIV infections rates can be attributed to the increase in HIV risk behaviour underpinned by social determinants (Zablotska et a!., 2008). The Social Determinants of Health (SDH) approach provides a framework for identifying and then addressing the many underpinning dynamics and factors that influence HIV risk behaviour. Based on decades of research UNAIDS developed guidelines to intensify HIV prevention, which recommend the SDH approach as a key component of HIV surveillance and policy. Recent SDH literature identified enacted stigma, intolerance and homelessness as key determinants. At-risk populations experience many of these factors, especially Gay males and men who have sex with men (MSM) populations. A preliminary review of Australia's HIV Policy evaluations identified a lack of measurement of the SDH in Australia and the subsequent lack of the required evidence base for implementation of the SDH approach for HIV prevention. Indeed current HIV policy continues to focus on individual determinants and behaviour change and does not adequately address the SDH.
Designmönster: Fortlöpande samarbete mellan lärare i samma kurs
Creators: name: Olsson, Ulf
name: Knutsson, Ola
Publisher: name: Stockholm University Design Patterns
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 130306 Educational Technology and Computing
subject: FOS: Educational sciences

description: Det här är ett designmönster som skapats i ett utvecklingsprojekt på Centrum för universitetslärarutbildning vid Stockholms universitet.Projektet syftar till att utveckla pedagogiska praktiker för universitetslärare som arbetar med lärplattformar för att planera och organisera sin undervisning. Designmönster är en etablerad metod för att kartlägga bl.a. pedagogiska problem och erbjuda förslag till lösningar.

Det här designmönstret handlar om när flera lärare är involverade i en kurs uppstår ofta behov att kommentera händelser, material som är relevant för pågående kurs eller som kom ihåg till nästa kursomgång.
This is a design pattern created in conjunction with a development project at the Center for the Advancement of University Teaching at Stockholm University. The project aims at developing educational practice for university teachers who work with learning management platforms enabling them to plan and organize their teaching. Design patterns are an established method of identifying and mapping educational problems in order to offer solutions.
Depression: Could It Really Be Useful?
Creators: Carr, Alexandra Noel
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Depression is an epidemic. It is the most common mental disorder and affects millions of people around the world, and you can be sure that if you were to ask any one of those people, they would tell you they want to get rid of it. However, recently the growing field of evolutionary psychology has started to examine depression through the lens of evolutionary adaptation. Evolutionary psychologists analyze traits with the theory that each trait is the product of natural and/or sexual selection, and endures because it is beneficial to posses it. Therefore, we all have the same evolved set of adaptations that solved problems that were present in our ancestral environment. Many psychopathologies are not addressed in evolutionary psychology research because they present themselves only in a very small percentage of the population, but because depression affects so many people, it is very likely that it is an evolutionary advantageous adaptation. Could it really be possible that depression—a condition that is in fact defined by having a negative impact on life—was once helpful to us?
Depression and Distress in Blacks and Whites in the US: Testing a Hypothesis to Explain a Double Paradox
Creators: Barnes, David Milller
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: Distress, (Psychology)
African Americans--Mental health
Depression, Mental
Epidemiology

description: This dissertation tested a methodological explanation for a double paradox in psychiatric epidemiology: a lower prevalence of major depression in Blacks than Whites in the US, coupled with equal and higher levels of psychological distress in Blacks. The first paradox is a lower prevalence of major depression in Blacks than Whites.  The second paradox is the discordant results from comparing Blacks and Whites on depression and distress.  These are paradoxes from the vantage points of, respectively, dominant theory and conceptual and empirical understandings of the relationship between disorder and distress.
      The idea that Blacks in the US express depression and distress more somatically than Whites has been in the literature for decades.  If true, it could explain the double paradox.   A formal diagnosis of major depression requires endorsing a screening symptom, either sad mood or anhedonia, which are both psychological rather than somatic symptoms.  To the extent Blacks express depression more somatically than Whites, depression could be disproportionately undercounted in Blacks due to a lower likelihood of Blacks endorsing a screening symptom, adjusting for underlying levels of depression.   Measures of distress share symptom content with the diagnostic criteria for depression but typically do not require endorsing screening symptoms.  Thus, if Blacks do somatize depression and distress more somatically than Whites, the depression algorithm may produce a greater undercount of depression in Blacks than Whites, whereas a similar undercount would not occur with distress measures.  Accordingly, both paradoxes could be explained.
      This dissertation has three main parts.  In part one, the double paradox is documented in a systematic literature review.  Using data from two nationally representative household samples, parts two and three test whether Blacks express depression and distress, respectively, more somatically than Whites, whether this accounts for a lower likelihood of Blacks endorsing a screening symptom, and if (part two only) this explains the Black White depression paradox.
      The systematic review provides robust evidence of the double paradox.  Parts two and three reveal slightly higher levels, respectively, of depression and distress somatization in Blacks than Whites.  However, the underlying structure of these small differences provides no evidence of a broad somatization hypothesis in Blacks. Moreover, no evidence is found that the somatization difference inhibits Blacks' endorsement of screening symptoms.  One unexpected finding points to subsequent steps to take towards resolving the double paradox.
Exactly solvable two-dimensional Schrodinger operators and Laplace transformations
Creators: name: Novikov, S. P.
name: Veselov, A. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Different cases of sequences of the Laplace Transformations for the 2D Schrodinger operator in the periodic magnetic field and electric potential are considered. They lead to the exactly solvable operators with nonstandard spectral properties including the double-periodic operators with algebraic Fermi surface known from the periodic soliton theory. Two appendices are added. In the Appendix I (the author - S. Novikov) two discretizations of the 2D operators and Laplace transformations are constructed. In the Appendix II (the authors - S. Novikov and I. Taimanov) some nonstandard 1D discrete operators are constructed with very interesting spectral properties.
description: AMSTeX, 25 pages
title: Determinanten der Implementierung von Versorgungsangeboten zur ausschließlichen Fernbehandlung
Creators: name: Solodkoff, Michail
name: Strumann, Christoph
name: Steinhäuser, Jost
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Hintergrund: In Baden-Württemberg (BW) wurde mit dem Titel „docdirect“ ein telemedizinisches Modellprojekt entwickelt, mit dem erstmalig für ein ganzes Bundesland das außer Kraft gesetzte Fernbehandlungsverbot in die Regelversorgung integriert wurde. Angesprochen werden [zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: 53. Kongress für Allgemeinmedizin und Familienmedizin
Comparison of the hepatic metabolism of triazolam in wild-type andCyp3a-knockout mice for understanding CYP3A-mediated metabolism inCYP3A-humanised mice in vivo
Creators: name: Minegishi, Genki
name: Kazuki, Yasuhiro
name: Yamasaki, Yuki
name: Fuka Okuya
name: Akita, Hidetaka
name: Oshimura, Mitsuo
name: Kobayashi, Kaoru
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: 1. To investigate cytochrome P450 3A (CYP3A)-mediated metabolism in vivo, plasma concentrations of triazolam (TRZ) are often monitored as a CYP3A marker in CYP3A-humanised mice. However, it has not been determined whether plasma concentrations of TRZ after intravenous administration can reflect hepatic CYP3A activity in CYP3A-humanised mice. 2. Firstly, we investigated the pharmacokinetics of TRZ in wild-type and Cyp3a-knockout (Cyp3a-KO) mice. Plasma concentration profiles of TRZ and α-hydroxy (OH) TRZ were very similar in wild-type and Cyp3a-KO mice. On the other hand, AUC of 4-OH TRZ in Cyp3a-KO mice was significantly lower than that in wild-type mice. Pregnenolone 16α-carbonitrile (PCN) decreased the areas under the plasma concentration-time curves (AUCs) of TRZ and α-OH TRZ in both groups. There was no significant effect of PCN on AUC of 4-OH TRZ in Cyp3a-KO mice. 3. Next, we verified that AUC of 4-OH TRZ in CYP3A-humanised mice was higher than that in Cyp3a-KO mice, although the difference was not significant. 4. In conclusion, plasma concentrations of 4-OH TRZ, but not those of TRZ and α-OH TRZ, might reflect hepatic CYP3A activity in mice in vivo. These results provide important insights for in vivo studies using a CYP3A-humanised model.
Moving from Diversity Ideologies to Diversity Practices as Predictors of School Belonging and Achievement
Creators: name: Agirdag, Orhan
name: De Leersnyder, Jozefien
name: Konings, Roy
Publisher: name: OSF Registries
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Educational Psychology
subject: Disability and Equity in Education
subject: School Psychology
subject: Race and Ethnicity
subject: Bilingual, Multilingual, and Multicultural Education
subject: Curriculum and Instruction
subject: Social Psychology
subject: Education
subject: Educational Sociology
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Inequality and Stratification
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Elementary Education

description: School diversity ideologies like pluralism, colorblindness and assimilationism are related to students’ academic outcomes. However, we don’t know which (perceived) concrete diversity practices in specific domains (e.g., languages, religions, curriculum, identities) relate to higher school belonging and achievement. We investigated this issue among 3073 10-12 year old’s across 59 primary schools in Belgium via multilevel SEM analyses. As expected, we found that all perceived assimilationist practices were negatively related to belonging and sometimes also to achievement, while most perceived colorblind practices were not, and most perceived pluralist practices -especially ‘antiracist curriculum’– were positively related to these outcomes. Importantly, there were some domain-specific exceptions to this, highlighting how studying perceptions of domain-specific practices instead of abstract diversity policies may enhance our understanding of how perceived diversity approaches are related to student outcomes.
Additional file 3 of Epigenetic DNA methylation of Zbtb7b regulates the population of double-positive CD4+CD8+ T cells in ulcerative colitis
Creators: name: Xu, Hao-ming
name: Xu, Jing
name: Yang, Mei-feng
name: Liang, Yu-jie
name: Peng, Quan-zhou
name: Zhang, Yuan
name: Tian, Cheng-mei
name: Nie, Yu-qiang
name: Wang, Li-sheng
name: Yao, Jun
name: Li, De-feng
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 3: Table S1. The demographic and clinical characteristics of 15 UC patients.
Carbon-based Photocathode Materials for Solar Hydrogen Production
Creators: name: Bellani, Sebastiano
name: Antognazza, Maria Rosa
name: Bonaccorso, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hydrogen is considered a promising environmentally friendly energy carrier for replacing traditional fossil fuels. In this context, photoelectrochemical (PEC) cells effectively convert solar energy directly to H2 fuel by water photoelectrolysis, thereby monolitically combining the functions of both light harvesting and electrolysis. In such devices, photocathodes and photoanodes carry out hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER), respectively. Here, we focus on photocathodes for HER, traditionally based on metal oxides, III-V group and II-VI group semiconductors, Si and copper-based chalcogenides as photoactive material. Recently, carbon-based materials have emerged as reliable alternatives to the aforementioned materials. Here, we provide a perspective on carbon-based photocathodes, critically analysing recent research progresses and outlining the major guidelines for the development of efficient and stable photocathode architectures. In particular, we discuss the functional role of charge-selective and protective layers, which enhance both the efficiency and the durability of the photocathodes. We afford an in-depth evaluation of the state-of-the-art fabrication of photocathodes through scalable, high-troughput, cost-effective methods. The most critical issues regarding the recently developed light-trapping nanostructured architectures are also addressed. Finally, we analyse the key challenges on future research directions in terms of the potential performance and manufacturability of photocathodes.