cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A Bayesian approach to the g-formula
Creators: name: Edwards, J.K.
name: Daza, E.J.
name: Engel, S.M.
name: Buckley, J.P.
name: Keil, A.P.
Publisher: name: SAGE Publications Ltd
Year: 2018

description: Epidemiologists often wish to estimate quantities that are easy to communicate and correspond to the results of realistic public health interventions. Methods from causal inference can answer these questions. We adopt the language of potential outcomes under Rubin’s original Bayesian framework and show that the parametric g-formula is easily amenable to a Bayesian approach. We show that the frequentist properties of the Bayesian g-formula suggest it improves the accuracy of estimates of causal effects in small samples or when data are sparse. We demonstrate an approach to estimate the effect of environmental tobacco smoke on body mass index among children aged 4–9 years who were enrolled in a longitudinal birth cohort in New York, USA. We provide an algorithm and supply SAS and Stan code that can be adopted to implement this computational approach more generally.
Spherical Symmetric Gravitational Collapse in Chern-Simon Modified Gravity
Creators: name: Amir, Muhammad Jamil
name: Ali, Sarfraz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper is devoted to investigate the gravitational perfect fluid collapse in the framework of Chern-Simon modified gravity. For this purpose, we assume the spherically symmetric metric as an interior region and the Schwarzchild spacetime is considered as an exterior region of the star. The Israel junction conditions are used to match the interior and exterior spacetimes. For the sake of simplicity, we take the external field $Θ$ as a function of time parameter $t$ and obtain the solution of the field equations of Chern-Simon modified gravity. Junction conditions have been used to calculate the gravitational mass. We discuss the apparent horizons and their physical consequences. It is mentioning here that our results will reduce to those of general relativity, available in literature, if the external field is taken to be constant.
description: 17 page
تأثیر شرایط اقلیمی بر تغییرات مکانی-زمانی و ویژگی های بیوفیزیکی شهری با استفاده از تصاویر ماهواره ای (مطالعه موردی شهرهای کاشان،شیرگاه، بندرانزلی)
Publisher: name: دانشگاه کردستان
Year: 2022

description: گسترش فیزیکی شهری بر تغییرات مکانی و زمانی در خواص بیوفیزیکی سطح، از جمله ال.اس.تی.تاثیرگذار بوده و منجر به افزایش دمای سطح طی سال های پایش شده است. به طوری که نتایج حاصله در هر سه شهر مورد مطالعه طی سال های پایش، روند افزایشی دمای سطح زمین را نشان می دهد. بررسی ها در شهرها نشان داد که رشد شهری با توجه به محیط جغرافیایی و شرایط طبیعی هر منطقه از الگوهای متفاوتی پیروی می کند. براین اساس، تغییرات مکانی و زمانی در خواص بیوفیزیکی سطح در میان شهرهای انتخاب شده متفاوت بود. این تفاوت ناشی از شرایط اقلیمی، محیطی و پوشش زمین بود. با توجه به شرایط اقلیمی، میانگین سرسبزی در مناطق با هوای مرطوب (بندر انزلی و شیرگاه) با مناطق با هوای گرم و خشک (کاشان) متفاوت بود. با کاهش پوشش گیاهی سطح، میزان تبخیر و تعرق سطحی کاهش یافته و در نتیجه گرما و خشکی سطح افزایش می یابد. میزان سبزینگی در هر سه شهر مورد مطالعه طی سال های پایش روند کاهشی داشته است که می تواند به دلیل پدیده گسترش شهری باشد. نتایج حاصل از شاخص درخشندگی نشان داد در شهرهای مرطوب یعنی بندرانزلی و شیرگاه میزان درخشندگی که ناشی از عوارض شهری می باشد روند افزایشی داشته است. نتایج حاصل از شاخص آب و رطوبت نیز طی سال های پایش در شهرهای شیرگاه و بندر انزلی(شهرهای مرطوب) روند افزایشی داشته است. به طور کلی با کاهش سبزینگی، درخشندگی، رطوبت و دمای سطح زمین در شهرهای کاشان و شیرگاه افزایش یافته ولی به نظر می رسد تاثیر اقلیم محلی و دریا منجر به تعدیل دما در بندر انزلی شده است. نزدیکی به دریا و بالابودن رطوبت (ویتنیسز) باعث شده پوشش گیاهی در طی سال های پایش کاهش چشمگیری نداشته باشد و در نتیجه منجر به تعدیل دمای سطح شده و از سال ۱۹۹۱ تا ۲۰۲۱ نتایج مربوط به تنها یک درجه افزایش دما را نشان می دهد. درنتیجه افزایش پوشش گیاهی می تواند منجر به افزایش  رطوبت آب (ویتنیسز) و در نتیجه کاهش دمای سطح شود
Probing for quantum speedup in spin glass problems with planted solutions
Creators: name: Hen, Itay
name: Job, Joshua
name: Albash, Tameem
name: Rønnow, Troels F.
name: Troyer, Matthias
name: Lidar, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The availability of quantum annealing devices with hundreds of qubits has made the experimental demonstration of a quantum speedup for optimization problems a coveted, albeit elusive goal. Going beyond earlier studies of random Ising problems, here we introduce a method to construct a set of frustrated Ising-model optimization problems with tunable hardness. We study the performance of a D-Wave Two device (DW2) with up to 503 qubits on these problems and compare it to a suite of classical algorithms, including a highly optimized algorithm designed to compete directly with the DW2. The problems are generated around predetermined ground-state configurations, called planted solutions, which makes them particularly suitable for benchmarking purposes. The problem set exhibits properties familiar from constraint satisfaction (SAT) problems, such as a peak in the typical hardness of the problems, determined by a tunable clause density parameter. We bound the hardness regime where the DW2 device either does not or might exhibit a quantum speedup for our problem set. While we do not find evidence for a speedup for the hardest and most frustrated problems in our problem set, we cannot rule out that a speedup might exist for some of the easier, less frustrated problems. Our empirical findings pertain to the specific D-Wave processor and problem set we studied and leave open the possibility that future processors might exhibit a quantum speedup on the same problem set.
description: 24 pages, 25 figures. v2: new version replaces erroneously posted incomplete version. v3: updated to published version
ضرباهنگ کاوی قرارگاه های رفتاری در بوستان های شهری ( مطالعه موردی: بوستان بهارستان و ابن سینای زنجان)
Publisher: name: دانشگاه کردستان
Year: 2022

description: در پژوهش های شهری بررسی اثر ریتمیک مصرف فضاهای عمومی شهر با نام ضرباهنگ کاوی مطرح است. قرارگاه رفتاری نوعی از تولید و مصرف فضا توسط گروههای اجتماعی مختلف است که در فضاهای عمومی مانند بوستان های شهری بیشتر نمود می یابد. شیوه مصرف و تخصیص فضا در فضاهای عمومی و بررسی توالی زمانی آن برای گروههای مختلف هدف اصلی پژوهش حاضر است. این پژوهش با روش تحقیق کیفی، توصیفی- تحلیلی و با ماهیت اکتشافی به بررسی ضرباهنگ قرارگاههای رفتاری در بوستان های شهری با نمونه بوستان بهارستان و ابن سینای شهری زنجان پرداخته است. جمع آوری داده های مورد نیاز بصورت برداشت میدانی و با استفاده از روش نمونه گیری غیراحتمالی مبتنی بر نمونه دسترس و بدون سوگیری و روش مشاهده مستمر در طول 6 ماه و مصاحبه مستمر در طول یک ماه انجام گرفته است. با توجه به طبقه بندی شاخص ها به سه مولفه اصلی ساختاری، پویایی و محیط اجتماعی، داده های جمع آوری شده طبقه بندی شده و در 14 متغیر اصلی تقسیم بندی انجام پذیرفت. سپس با روش مبتنی بر جداول کیفی، ماتریس ارتباط و ریتم ضرباهنگ تحلیل داده ها صورت پذیرفت. نتایج پژوهش نشان می دهد قرارگاههای رفتاری مبتنی بر عملکرد ایستا و گروهی، ضرباهنگ مصرف فضای فصلی تابستانه و روزانه بعد از ظهری داشته و قرارگاههای مبتنی بر عملکرد های فردی پویا مانند ورزش عمدتا مصرف فضای چهار فصل و روزانه صبح و عصر دارند. از طرفی موقعیت و مبلمان مکانی قرارگاه در شکل گیری نوع ضرباهنگ اثر گذار و ارتباط مولفه های ضرباهنگی عمدتا دارای انسجام و همبستگی عملکردی است
You are smarter than you think: (super) machine learning in context
Creators: name: Edwards, J.K.
name: Keil, A.P.
Publisher: name: Springer Netherlands
Year: 2018

description: We discuss an article on super learning by Naimi and Balzer in the current issue of this journal in the context of machine learning. We give a brief example that emphasizes the need for human intelligence in the rapidly evolving field of machine learning.
title: Educational App ontology
Creators: name: Notari, Michele
name: Hielscher, Michael
Publisher: name: Springer
Year: 2015

description: This chapter provides an overview of educational mobile apps as well as different models of classification. It also sheds light on the complex mobile app ecosystem from four perspectives: the learner, the teacher, the developer and the distributor. It highlights the contradictions that arise from the different goals and expectations from each perspective. The chapter concludes with a brief discussion of the motivational aspects of games and their current role for educational mobile apps as well as the future development of apps.
The Creation of Isan Folk Music Learning Media for Sustainable Communities
Creators: name: โยธิน พลเขต
Publisher: name: บัณฑิตศึกษา สถาบันบัณฑิตพัฒนศิลป์ กระทรวงวัฒนธรรม
Year: 2023
Subjects: the creation, learning media, Isan folk music

description: วิพิธพัฒนศิลป์, 3, 2, 1-15
Renormalized Area for Minimal Hypersurfaces of 5D Poincaré-Einstein Spaces
Creators: name: Tyrrell, Aaron J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 53C40, 81T35, 53C18

description: In this paper we derive a Gauss-Bonnet formula for the renormalized area of Graham-Witten minimal hypersurfaces of 5-dimensional Poincaré-Einstein spaces. The formula we derive expresses the renormalized area in terms of integrals of pointwise scalar Riemannian invariants. We also prove a result which gives a characterization of minimal hypersurfaces with $L^2$ second fundamental form in terms of conformal geometry at infinity.
description: Typos have been fixed and the second main result has been re-phrased in order to emphasize the fact that it gives a characterization of minimal hypersurfaces with $L^2$ second fundamental form
Dependent Optics
Creators: name: Vertechi, Pietro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A wide variety of bidirectional data accessors, ranging from mixed optics to functor lenses, can be formalized within a unique framework-dependent optics. Starting from two indexed categories, which encode what maps are allowed in the forward and backward directions, we define the category of dependent optics and establish under what assumptions it has coproducts. Different choices of indexed categories correspond to different families of optics: we discuss dependent lenses and prisms, as well as closed dependent optics. We introduce the notion of Tambara representation and use it to classify contravariant functors from the category of optics, thus generalizing the profunctor encoding of optics to the dependent case.
description: In Proceedings ACT 2022, arXiv:2307.15519
COATINGS, CARBONATES, AND CLOSED-BASIN LAKES: A MARTIAN AQUEOUS STORY
Creators: name: Garczynski, Bradley
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 370507
subject: Planetary geology

description: This dissertation explores the history of water on Mars through the lens of the Mars 2020 Perseverance rover mission at Jezero crater. In particular, I use in-situ rover observations to characterize evidence of past surface alteration at Jezero crater. I also present investigations of a modern lake analog on Earth to contextualize potential past depositional processes within the Jezero paleolake system.
Emergent collective dynamics of pusher and puller squirmer rods: swarming, clustering, and turbulence
Creators: name: Zantop, Arne W.
name: Stark, Holger
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik
subject: squirmer rods
subject: clustering
subject: hydrodynamics
subject: microswimmers
subject: Hele-Shaw cell

description: We study the interplay of steric and hydrodynamic interactions in suspensions of elongated microswimmers by simulating the full hydrodynamics of squirmer rods in the quasi two-dimensional geometry of a Hele-Shaw cell. To create pusher or puller-type squirmer rods, we concentrate the surface slip-velocity field more to the back or to the front of the rod and thereby are able to tune the rod's force-dipole strength. We study a wide range of aspect ratios and area fractions and provide corresponding state diagrams. The flow field of pusher-type squirmer rods destabilizes ordered structures and favors the disordered state at small area fractions and aspect ratios. Only when steric interactions become relevant, we observe a turbulent and dynamic cluster state, while for large aspect ratios a single swarm and jammed cluster occurs. The power spectrum of the turbulent state shows two distinct energy cascades at small and large wave numbers with power-law scaling and non-universal exponents. Pullers show a strong tendency to form swarms instead of the disordered state found for neutral and pusher rods. At large area fractions a dynamic cluster is observed and at larger aspect ratio a single swarm or jammed cluster occurs.
Measurement Error and Environmental Epidemiology: a Policy Perspective
Creators: name: Edwards, J.K.
name: Keil, A.P.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Measurement error threatens public health by producing bias in estimates of the population impact of environmental exposures. Quantitative methods to account for measurement bias can improve public health decision making.RECENT FINDINGS: We summarize traditional and emerging methods to improve inference under a standard perspective, in which the investigator estimates an exposure-response function, and a policy perspective, in which the investigator directly estimates population impact of a proposed intervention. Under a policy perspective, the analyst must be sensitive to errors in measurement of factors that modify the effect of exposure on outcome, must consider whether policies operate on the true or measured exposures, and may increasingly need to account for potentially dependent measurement error of two or more exposures affected by the same policy or intervention. Incorporating approaches to account for measurement error into such a policy perspective will increase the impact of environmental epidemiology.
GWCloud: a searchable repository for the creation and curation of gravitational-wave inference results
Creators: name: Baker, A. Makai
name: Lasky, Paul D.
name: Thrane, Eric
name: Ashton, Gregory
name: Cantos, Jesmigel
name: Lakerink, Lewis
name: Leslie, Asher
name: Poole, Gregory B.
name: Reichardt, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There are at present ${\cal O}(100)$ gravitational-wave candidates from compact binary mergers reported in the astronomical literature. As detector sensitivities are improved, the catalog will swell in size: first to ${\cal O}(1000)$ events in the A+ era and then to ${\cal O}(10^6)$ events in the era of third-generation observatories like Cosmic Explorer and the Einstein Telescope. Each event is analyzed using Bayesian inference to determine properties of the source including component masses, spins, tidal parameters, and the distance to the source. These inference products are the fodder for some of the most exciting gravitational-wave science, enabling us to measure the expansion of the Universe with standard sirens, to characterise the neutron star equation of state, and to unveil how and where gravitational-wave sources are assembled. In order to maximize the science from the coming deluge of detections, we introduce GWCloud, a searchable repository for the creation and curation of gravitational-wave inference products. It is designed with five pillars in mind: uniformity of results, reproducibility of results, stability of results, access to the astronomical community, and efficient use of computing resources. We describe how to use GWCloud with examples, which readers can replicate using the companion code to this paper. We describe our long-term vision for GWCloud.
description: 14 pages, 9 figures
Unified Description of Classical and Quantum Behaviours in a Variational Principle
Creators: name: Koide, Tomoi
name: Kodama, Takeshi
name: Tsushima, Kazuo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We give a pedagogical introduction of the stochastic variational method and show that this generalized variational principle describes classical and quantum mechanics in a unified way.
description: 10 pages, no figure, proceedings of DICE 2014, references and discussions were added, errors were corrected
Invited Commentary: Causal Inference Across Space and Time - Quixotic Quest, Worthy Goal, or Both?
Creators: name: Keil, A.P.
name: Lesko, C.R.
name: Edwards, J.K.
Publisher: name: Oxford University Press
Year: 2017

description: The g-formula and agent-based models (ABMs) are 2 approaches used to estimate causal effects. In the current issue of the Journal, Murray et al. (Am J Epidemiol. 2017;186(2):131-142) compare the performance of the g-formula and ABMs to estimate causal effects in 3 target populations. In their thoughtful paper, the authors outline several reasons that a causal effect estimated using an ABM may be biased when parameterized from at least 1 source external to the target population. The authors have addressed an important issue in epidemiology: Often causal effect estimates are needed to inform public health decisions in settings without complete data. Because public health decisions are urgent, epidemiologists are frequently called upon to estimate a causal effect from existing data in a separate population rather than perform new data collection activities. The assumptions needed to transport causal effects to a specific target population must be carefully stated and assessed, just as one would explicitly state and analyze the assumptions required to draw internally valid causal inference in a specific study sample. Considering external validity in important target populations increases the impact of epidemiologic studies.
Origin of the spectral red-shift and polarization patterns of self-assembled InGaN nanostructures on GaN nanowires
Creators: name: Ries, Maximilian
name: Nippert, Felix
name: März, Benjamin
name: Alonso-Orts, Manuel
name: Grieb, Tim
name: Hötzel, Rudolfo
name: Hille, Pascal
name: Emtenani, Pouria
name: Akinoglu, Eser Metin
name: Speiser, Eugen
name: Plaickner, Julian
name: Schörmann, Jörg
name: Auf Der Maur, Matthias
name: Müller-Caspary, Knut
name: Rosenauer, Andreas
name: Esser, Norbert
name: Eickhoff, Martin
name: Wagner, Markus R.
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::530 Physik
subject: InGaN nanostructures
subject: GaN nanowires
subject: polarization patterns
subject: luminescence
subject: emission

description: The luminescence of InxGa1−xN nanowires (NWs) is frequently reported with large red-shifts as compared to the theoretical value expected from the average In content. Both compositional fluctuations and radial built-in fields were considered accountable for this effect, depending on the size, structure, composition, and surrounding medium of the NWs. In the present work, the emission properties of InGaN/GaN NWs grown by plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy are investigated in a comprehensive study combining ultraviolet-Raman and photoluminescence spectroscopy (PL) on vertical arrays, polarization-dependent PL on bundles of a few NWs, scanning transmission electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and calculations of the band profiles. The roles of inhomogeneous In distribution and radial fields in the context of optical emission properties are addressed. The radial built-in fields are found to be modest, with a maximum surface band bending below 350 meV. On the other hand, variations in the local In content have been observed that give rise to potential fluctuations whose impact on the emission properties is shown to prevail over band-bending effects. Two luminescence bands with large positive and moderate negative polarization ratios of ≈+80% and ≤−60%, respectively, were observed. The red-shift in the luminescence is associated with In-rich inclusions in the NWs due to thermodynamic decomposition during growth. The negative polarization anisotropy is suggested to result from spontaneously formed superlattices in the In-rich regions of the NWs. The NWs show a preferred orthogonal absorption due to the dielectric boundary conditions and highlight the extreme sensitivity of these structures towards light polarization.
Two-particle azimuthal correlations in $γ$p interactions using pPb collisions at $\sqrt{s_\mathrm{NN}}$ = 8.16 TeV
Creators: name: CMS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The first measurements of the Fourier coefficients ($V_{nΔ}$) of the azimuthal distributions of charged hadrons emitted from photon-proton ($γ$p) interactions at the LHC are presented. The data are extracted from 68.8 nb$^{-1}$ of ultra-peripheral proton-lead (pPb) collisions at $\sqrt{s_\mathrm{NN}}$ = 8.16 TeV using the CMS detector. The high energy lead ions produce a flux of photons that can interact with the oncoming proton. This $γ$p system provides a set of unique initial conditions with multiplicity lower than in photon-lead collisions but comparable to recent electron-positron and electron-proton data. The $V_{nΔ}$ coefficients are presented in ranges of event multiplicity and transverse momentum ($p_\mathrm{T}$) and are compared to corresponding hadronic minimum bias pPb results. For a given multiplicity range, the mean $p_\mathrm{T}$ of charged particles is smaller in $γ$p than in pPb collisions. For both the $γ$p and pPb samples, $V_{1Δ}$ is negative, $V_{2Δ}$ is positive, and $V_{3Δ}$ consistent with 0. For each multiplicity and $p_\mathrm{T}$ range, $V_{2Δ}$ is larger for $γ$p events. The $γ$p data are consistent with model predictions that have no collective effects.
description: Replaced with the published version. Added the journal reference and the DOI. All the figures and tables can be found at http://cms-results.web.cern.ch/cms-results/public-results/publications/HIN-18-008 (CMS Public Pages)
title: Safe electrophysiologic profile of dexmedetomidine in different experimental arrhythmia models
Creators: name: Ellermann, Christian
name: Brandt, Jonas
name: Wolfes, Julian
name: Willy, Kevin Kurt
name: Wegner, Felix K.
name: Leitz, Patrick R.
name: Lange, Philipp Sebastian
name: Reinke, Florian Johann
name: Eckardt, Lars
name: Frommeyer, Gerrit
Publisher: name: University of Muenster, Institutional Repository MIAMI
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 610 Medicine and health

description: Previous studies suggest an impact of dexmedetomidine on cardiac electrophysiology. However, experimental data is sparse. Therefore, purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of dexmedetomidine on different experimental models of proarrhythmia. 50 rabbit hearts were explanted and retrogradely perfused. The first group (n = 12) was treated with dexmedetomidine in ascending concentrations (3, 5 and 10 µM). Dexmedetomidine did not substantially alter action potential duration (APD) but reduced spatial dispersion of repolarization (SDR) and rendered the action potentials rectangular, resulting in no proarrhythmia. In further 12 hearts, erythromycin (300 µM) was administered to simulate long-QT-syndrome-2 (LQT2). Additional treatment with dexmedetomidine reduced SDR, thereby suppressing torsade de pointes. In the third group (n = 14), 0.5 µM veratridine was added to reduce the repolarization reserve. Further administration of dexmedetomidine did not influence APD, SDR or the occurrence of arrhythmias. In the last group (n = 12), a combination of acetylcholine (1 µM) and isoproterenol (1 µM) was used to facilitate atrial fibrillation. Additional treatment with dexmedetomidine prolonged the atrial APD but did not reduce AF episodes. In this study, dexmedetomidine did not significantly alter cardiac repolarization duration and was not proarrhythmic in different models of ventricular and atrial arrhythmias. Of note, dexmedetomidine might be antiarrhythmic in acquired LQT2 by reducing SDR.
description: Finanziert über die DEAL-Vereinbarung mit Wiley 2019-2022.
Effect of an Antiracism Intervention on Racial Disparities in Time to Lung Cancer Surgery
Creators: name: Charlot, M.
name: Cykert, S.
name: Stein, J.N.
name: Samuel-Ryals, C.
name: Forster, M.
name: Baker, S.
name: Damone, E.
name: Deal, A.
name: Eng, E.
name: Manning, M.
name: Yongue, C.
name: Wood, I.
name: Emerson, M.
Publisher: name: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins
Year: 2022

description: PURPOSE Timely lung cancer surgery is a metric of high-quality cancer care and improves survival for early-stage non-small-cell lung cancer. Historically, Black patients experience longer delays to surgery than White patients and have lower survival rates. Antiracism interventions have shown benefits in reducing racial disparities in lung cancer treatment.METHODSWe conducted a secondary analysis of Accountability for Cancer Care through Undoing Racism and Equity, an antiracism prospective pragmatic trial, at five cancer centers to assess the impact on overall timeliness of lung cancer surgery and racial disparities in timely surgery. The intervention consisted of (1) a real-time warning system to identify unmet care milestones, (2) race-specific feedback on lung cancer treatment rates, and (3) patient navigation. The primary outcome was surgery within 8 weeks of diagnosis. Risk ratios (RRs) and 95% CIs were estimated using log-binomial regression and adjusted for clinical and demographic factors.RESULTSA total of 2,363 patients with stage I and II non-small-cell lung cancer were included in the analyses: intervention (n = 263), retrospective control (n = 1,798), and concurrent control (n = 302). 87.1% of Black patients and 85.4% of White patients in the intervention group (P =.13) received surgery within 8 weeks of diagnosis compared with 58.7% of Black patients and 75.0% of White patients in the retrospective group (P <.01) and 64.9% of Black patients and 73.2% of White patients (P =.29) in the concurrent group. Black patients in the intervention group were more likely to receive timely surgery than Black patients in the retrospective group (RR 1.43; 95% CI, 1.26 to 1.64). White patients in the intervention group also had timelier surgery than White patients in the retrospective group (RR 1.10; 95% CI, 1.02 to 1.18). CONCLUSION Accountability for Cancer Care through Undoing Racism and Equity is associated with timelier lung cancer surgery and reduction of the racial gap in timely surgery.
Cornering Optics
Creators: name: Boisseau, Guillaume
name: Nester, Chad
name: Román, Mario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We show that the category of optics in a monoidal category arises naturally from the free cornering of that category. Further, we show that the free cornering of a monoidal category is a natural setting in which to work with comb diagrams over that category. The free cornering admits an intuitive graphical calculus, which in light of our work may be used to reason about optics and comb diagrams.
description: In Proceedings ACT 2022, arXiv:2307.15519
Gene editing using CRISPR/Cas9 to induce new mutations in the SYP121 gene in Arabidopsis and barley
Creators: name: Sayed, Haitham
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: CRISPR/Cas9, Barley, Arabidopsis, Off-target, SYP121 gene.

description: We used the SYP121 gene as a target for CRISPR/Cas 9 based genome editing in both Arabidopsis and barley. We identified the barley SNARE with the FxRF motif in the first 15 residues of the protein in the target genotype Golden Promise. We then designed constructs that were expected to knock-out this part of the gene in Arabidopsis and in barley.
Dynamic Operads, Dynamic Categories: From Deep Learning to Prediction Markets
Creators: name: Shapiro, Brandon T.
name: Spivak, David I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Natural organized systems adapt to internal and external pressures and this happens at all levels of the abstraction hierarchy. Wanting to think clearly about this idea motivates our paper, and so the idea is elaborated extensively in the introduction, which should be broadly accessible to a philosophically-interested audience. In the remaining sections, we turn to more compressed category theory. We define the monoidal double category Org of dynamic organizations, we provide definitions of Org-enriched, or dynamic, categorical structures -- e.g. dynamic categories, operads, and monoidal categories -- and we show how they instantiate the motivating philosophical ideas. We give two examples of dynamic categorical structures: prediction markets as a dynamic operad and deep learning as a dynamic monoidal category.
description: In Proceedings ACT 2022, arXiv:2307.15519
Floquet systems coupled to particle reservoirs
Creators: name: Iadecola, Thomas
name: Chamon, Claudio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Open quantum systems, when driven by a periodic field, can relax to effective statistical ensembles that resemble their equilibrium counterparts. We consider a class of problems in which a periodically- driven quantum system is allowed to exchange both energy and particles with a thermal reservoir. We demonstrate that, even for noninteracting systems, effective equilibration to the grand canonical ensemble requires both fine tuning the system-bath coupling and selecting a sufficiently simple driving protocol. We study a tractable subclass of these problems in which the long-time steady state of the system can be determined analytically, and demonstrate that the system effectively thermalizes with fine tuning, but does not thermalize for general values of the system-bath couplings. When the driven system does not thermalize, it supports a tunable persistent current in the steady state without external bias. We compute this current analytically for two examples of interest: 1) a driven double quantum dot, where the current is interpreted as a DC electrical current, and 2) driven Dirac fermions in graphene, where it is interpreted as a valley current.
description: 15 pages, 6 figures; Revised version includes small changes. Note title change (in response to referees' comments)
Demonstration of operation with high efficiency and nominal power of the first GaN amplifier
Creators: name: I.FAST WP13 Members
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: A new solid-state power amplifier in Gallium Nitride (GaN) semiconductor technology was developed in the I.FAST project and is reported here to deliver 205 W with 82% power added efficiency at 750 MHz. This is the first demonstration of operation with high efficiency and nominal power of the first GaN power amplifier at this power level and frequency. In next steps of the project, six of such amplifiers will be combined together, developing a high efficiency combiner into a kilowatt level amplifier demonstrator.
description: {"references": ["I.FAST MS63"]}
Public Notice (No.3 Announcement) Issued by the People's Government of the City of Lhasa, Forbidding Foreign Tourists from Witnessing and Photographing the Demonstrations, 1987
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Visitors, Foreign
Human rights
Tibetans

description: Photograph of a public notice issued by the People's Government of the City of Lhasa, instructing foreign tourists to refrain from watching or photographing the demonstrations for independence.
Relativistic persistent currents in ideal Aharonov-Bohm rings
Creators: name: Cotaescu, Ion I.
name: Baltateanu, Doru-Marcel
name: Cotaescu, Ion
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The exact solutions of the complete Dirac equation for fermions moving in ideal Aharonov-Bohm rings are used for deriving the exact expressions of the relativistic partial currents. It is show that as in the non-relativistic case these currents can be related to the derivative of the fermion energy with respect to the flux parameter. A specific relativistic effect is the saturation of the partial currents for high values of the total angular momentum. Based on this property, the total relativistic persistent current at $T=0$ is evaluated giving its analytical expression and showing how this depend on the ring parameters.
description: 13 pages, one figure
Extreme mass ratio inspirals into black holes surrounded by matter
Creators: name: Polcar, Lukáš
name: Lukes-Gerakopoulos, Georgios
name: Witzany, Vojtěch
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Inspirals of stellar-mass compact objects into massive black holes, known as extreme mass ratio inspirals (EMRIs), are one of the key targets for upcoming space-based gravitational-wave detectors. In this paper we take the first steps needed to systematically incorporate the effect of external gravitating matter on EMRIs. We model the inspiral as taking place in the field of a Schwarzschild black hole perturbed by the gravitational field of a far axisymmetric distribution of mass enclosing the system. We take into account the redshift, frame-dragging, and quadrupolar tide caused by the enclosing matter, thus incorporating all effects to inverse third order of the characteristic distance of the enclosing mass. Then, we use canonical perturbation theory to obtain the action-angle coordinates and Hamiltonian for mildly eccentric precessing test-particle orbits in this background. Finally, we use this to efficiently compute mildly eccentric inspirals in this field and document their properties. This work shows the advantages of canonical perturbation theory for the modeling EMRIs, especially in the cases when the background deviates from the standard black hole fields.
title: Shellfish Activities (NWS-2020-90 and NWS-2021-54, Hama Hama Company)
titleType: AlternativeTitle
title: Endangered Species Act Section 7(a)(2) Biological Opinion and Magnuson-Stevens
Fishery Conservation and Management Act Essential Fish Habitat Response for the
Hama Hama Company – Skunk Island Aquaculture, Port Townsend Bay, Washington,
171100191200
Creators: name: United States. National Marine Fisheries Service. West Coast Region
Publisher: name: United States. National Marine Fisheries Service. West Coast Region
Year: 2023

description: WCRO-2022-00978
Compositional Modeling with Stock and Flow Diagrams
Creators: name: Baez, John
name: Li, Xiaoyan
name: Libkind, Sophie
name: Osgood, Nathaniel D.
name: Patterson, Evan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Mathematical Software (cs.MS)
subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Stock and flow diagrams are widely used in epidemiology to model the dynamics of populations. Although tools already exist for building these diagrams and simulating the systems they describe, we have created a new package called StockFlow, part of the AlgebraicJulia ecosystem, which uses ideas from category theory to overcome notable limitations of existing software. Compositionality is provided by the theory of decorated cospans: stock and flow diagrams can be composed to form larger ones in an intuitive way formalized by the operad of undirected wiring diagrams. Our approach also cleanly separates the syntax of stock and flow diagrams from the semantics they can be assigned. We consider semantics in ordinary differential equations, although others are possible. As an example, we explain code in StockFlow that implements a simplified version of a COVID-19 model used in Canada.
description: In Proceedings ACT 2022, arXiv:2307.15519
Holographic thermalization in Gauss-Bonnet gravity with de Sitter boundary
Creators: name: Zhang, Shao-Jun
name: Wang, Bin
name: Abdalla, Elcio
name: Papantonopoulos, Eleftherios
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce higher-derivative Gauss-Bonnet correction terms in the gravity sector and we relate the modified gravity theory in the bulk to the strongly coupled quantum field theory on a de Sitter boundary. We study the process of holographic thermalization by examining three nonlocal observables, the two-point function, the Wilson loop and the holographic entanglement entropy. We study the time evolution of these three observables and we find that as the strength of the Gauss-Bonnet coupling is increased, the saturation time of the thermalization process to reach thermal equilibrium becomes shorter with the dominant effect given by the holographic entanglement entropy.
description: 27 pages, 13 figures, minor modifications
title: Exploring for the Future - Fluid Inclusion Petrology and Microthermometry on selected samples from NDI Carrara 1
Creators: name: C., Carson
name: S., Cowan
name: D., Hall
name: W., Phiukhao
name: J., Chao
name: C., Carson
name: C., Boreham
Publisher: name: Commonwealth of Australia (Geoscience Australia)
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: GEOLOGY
subject: EARTH SCIENCES
subject: EFTF - Exploring for the Future
subject: Barkly-Isa-Georgetown
subject: microthermometry
subject: NDI Carrara 1
subject: fluid inclusions
subject: calcite veins
subject: Barkly Tablelands
subject: South Nicholson
subject: Published_External

description: Geoscience Australia’s Exploring for the Future (EFTF) program provides precompetitive information to inform decision-making by government, community and industry on the sustainable development of Australia's mineral, energy and groundwater resources. By gathering, analysing and interpreting new and existing precompetitive geoscience data and knowledge, we are building a national picture of Australia’s geology and resource potential. This leads to a strong economy, resilient society and sustainable environment for the benefit of all Australians. This includes supporting Australia’s transition to a low emissions economy, strong resources and agriculture sectors, and economic opportunities and social benefits for Australia’s regional and remote communities. The Exploring for the Future program, which commenced in 2016, is an eight year, $225m investment by the Australian Government. The deep stratigraphic drill hole, NDI Carrara 1 (~1751 m), was completed in December 2020 as part of the MinEx CRC National Drilling Initiative (NDI) in collaboration with Geoscience Australia and the Northern Territory Geological Survey. It is the first test of the Carrara Sub-basin, a depocentre newly discovered in the South Nicholson region based on interpretation from seismic surveys (L210 in 2017 and L212 in 2019) recently acquired as part of the Exploring for the Future program. The drill hole intersected approximately 1100 m of Proterozoic sedimentary rocks uncomformably overlain by 630 m of Cambrian Georgina Basin carbonates. This contractor report (FIT - Schlumberger) presents hydrocarbon and aqueous fluid inclusion petrology and data (micro-thermometry, salinities etc.) on four hydrocarbon-bearing calcite veins sampled from NDI Carrara 1 between 762.56-763.60 m depth, (under contract to, and fully funded by, Geoscience Australia as part of the Exploring for the Future program).
Monoidal Width: Capturing Rank Width
Creators: name: Di Lavore, Elena
name: Sobociński, Paweł
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Monoidal width was recently introduced by the authors as a measure of the complexity of decomposing morphisms in monoidal categories. We have shown that in a monoidal category of cospans of graphs, monoidal width and its variants can be used to capture tree width, path width and branch width. In this paper we study monoidal width in a category of matrices, and in an extension to a different monoidal category of open graphs, where the connectivity information is handled with matrix algebra and graphs are composed along edges instead of vertices. We show that here monoidal width captures rank width: a measure of graph complexity that has received much attention in recent years.
description: In Proceedings ACT 2022, arXiv:2307.15519
Initiation and adherence to adjuvant endocrine therapy among urban, insured American Indian/Alaska Native breast cancer survivors
Creators: name: Benefield, H.C.
name: Emerson, M.A.
name: Habel, L.A.
name: Troester, M.A.
name: Achacoso, N.S.
Publisher: name: John Wiley and Sons Inc
Year: 2021

description: Background: It has been shown that racial/ethnic disparities exist with regard to initiation of and adherence to adjuvant endocrine therapy (AET). However, the relationship among American Indian/Alaska Native (AIAN) individuals is poorly understood, particularly among those who reside in urban areas. We evaluated whether AET initiation and adherence were lower among AIAN individuals than those of other races/ethnicities who were enrolled in the Kaiser Permanente of Northern California (KPNC) health system. Methods: We identified 23,680 patients from the period 1997 to 2014 who were eligible for AET (first primary, stage I-III, hormone receptor–positive breast cancer) and used KPNC pharmacy records to identify AET prescriptions and refill dates. We assessed AET initiation (≥1 filled prescription within 1 year of diagnosis) and AET adherence (proportion of days covered ≥80%) every year up to 5 years after AET initiation. Results: At the end of the 5-year follow-up period, 83% of patients were AET initiators, and 58% were AET adherent. Compared with other races/ethnicities, AIAN women had the second-lowest rate of AET initiation (non-Hispanic Black [NHB], 78.0%; AIAN, 78.6%; Hispanic, 83.0%; non-Hispanic White [NHW], 82.5%; Asian/Pacific Islander [API], 84.7%), the lowest rate of AET adherence after 1 year and 5 years of follow-up (70.3% and 50.8%, respectively), and the greatest annual decline in AET adherence during the 4- to 5-year period of follow-up (a 13.8% decrease in AET adherence [from 64.6% to 50.8%]) after initiation of AET. In adjusted multivariable models, AIAN, Hispanic, and NHB women were less likely than NHW women to be AET adherent. At the end of the 5-year period, total underutilization (combining initiation and adherence) in AET-eligible patients was greatest among AIAN (70.6%) patients, followed by NHB (69.6%), Hispanic (63.2%), NHW (58.7%), and API (52.3%) patients, underscoring the AET treatment gap. Conclusion: Our results suggest that AET initiation and adherence are particularly low for insured AIAN women.
Multi-resolution community detection based on generalized self-loop rescaling strategy
Creators: name: Xiang, Ju
name: Tang, Yan-Ni
name: Gao, Yuan-Yuan
name: Zhang, Yan
name: Deng, Ke
name: Xu, Xiao-Ke
name: Hu, Ke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Community detection is of considerable importance for analyzing the structure and function of complex networks. Many real-world networks may possess community structures at multiple scales, and recently, various multi-resolution methods were proposed to identify the community structures at different scales. In this paper, we present a type of multi-resolution methods by using the generalized self-loop rescaling strategy. The self-loop rescaling strategy provides one uniform ansatz for the design of multi-resolution community detection methods. Many quality functions for community detection can be unified in the framework of the self-loop rescaling. The resulting multi-resolution quality functions can be optimized directly using the existing modularity-optimization algorithms. Several derived multi-resolution methods are applied to the analysis of community structures in several synthetic and real-world networks. The results show that these methods can find the pre-defined substructures in synthetic networks and real splits observed in real-world networks. Finally, we give a discussion on the methods themselves and their relationship. We hope that the study in the paper can be helpful for the understanding of the multi-resolution methods and provide useful insight into designing new community detection methods.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures
Fluorescence Imaging In Vivo at Wavelengths beyond 1500 nm
Creators: name: Diao, Shuo
name: Blackburn, Jeffrey L.
name: Hong, Guosong
name: Antaris, Alexander L.
name: Chang, Junlei
name: Wu, Justin Z.
name: Zhang, Bo
name: Cheng, Kai
name: Kuo, Calvin J.
name: Dai, Hongjie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Compared to imaging in the visible and near-infrared regions below 900 nm, imaging in the second near-infrared window (NIR-II, 1000-1700 nm) is a promising method for deep-tissue high-resolution optical imaging in vivo mainly due to the reduced scattering of photons traversing through biological tissues. Herein, semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes with large diameters were used for in vivo fluorescence imaging in the long-wavelength NIR region (1500-1700 nm, NIR-IIb). With this imaging agent, 3-4 um wide capillary blood vessels at a depth of about 3 mm could be resolved. Meanwhile, the blood-flow speeds in multiple individual vessels could be mapped simultaneously. Furthermore, NIR-IIb tumor imaging of a live mouse was explored. NIR-IIb imaging can be generalized to a wide range of fluorophores emitting at up to 1700 nm for high-performance in vivo optical imaging.
description: 29 pages, 5 main figures and 11 supplementary figures