cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Spitzer Observations of Massive Red Galaxies at High Redshift
Creators: name: Papovich, Casey
name: Moustakas, L. A.
name: Dickinson, M.
name: Floc'h, E. Le
name: Rieke, G. H.
name: Daddi, E.
name: Alexander, D. M.
name: Bauer, F.
name: Brandt, W. N.
name: Dahlen, T.
name: Egami, E.
name: Eisenhardt, P.
name: Elbaz, D.
name: Ferguson, H. C.
name: Giavalisco, M.
name: Lucas, R. A.
name: Mobasher, B.
name: Perez-Gonzalez, P. G.
name: Stutz, A.
name: Rieke, M. J.
name: Yan, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the properties of massive galaxies at z=1-3.5 using HST observations, ground-based near-IR imaging, and Spitzer Space Telescope observations at 3-24 micron. We identify 153 distant red galaxies (DRGs) with J-K > 2.3 mag (Vega) in the southern GOODS field. This sample is approximately complete in stellar mass for passively evolving galaxies above 10^11 solar masses and z < 3. The galaxies identified by this selection are roughly split between objects whose optical and near-IR rest-frame light is dominated by evolved stars combined with ongoing star formation, and galaxies whose light is dominated by heavily reddened starbursts. Very few of the galaxies (< 10%) have no indication of current star formation. Using SFR estimates that include the reradiated IR emission, the DRGs at z=1.5-3 with stellar masses > 10^11 solar masses have specific SFRs (SFRs per unit stellar mass) ranging from 0.2 to 10 Gyr^-1, with a mean value of ~2.4 Gyr^-1. The DRGs with stellar masses > 10^11 solar masses and 1.5 < z < 3 have integrated specific SFRs greater the global value over all galaxies. In contrast, we find that galaxies at z = 0.3-0.75 with these stellar masses have integrated specific SFRs less than the global value, and more than an order of magnitude lower than that for massive DRGs at z = 1.5-3. At z < 1, lower-mass galaxies dominate the overall cosmic mass assembly. This suggests that the bulk of star formation in massive galaxies occurs at early cosmic epochs and is largely complete by z~1.5. [Abridged]
description: Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal. 25 pages, 14 figures
The Branding Dilemma of AI: Steering Towards Efficient Regulation
Creators: name: Engin, Zeynep
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: AI
AI Regulation
AI Governance

description: Many experts in the AI field now realise that the term 'Artificial Intelligence,' originally chosen to define this rapidly evolving domain, unwittingly laid the groundwork for some of its most significant challenges. This early nomenclaturemisguided the conversation from the outset, setting questionable objectives for the AI community and shaping a public perception that strayed from reality. This foundational misstep has led to widespread misconceptions about AI’s capabilities, characteristics, potential impact, and the regulatory expectations surrounding the technology.

After participating in two high-level panels on AI regulation in December, held at TechUK’s Digital Ethics Summit in London and the United Nations UNCTAD eWeek in Geneva, I was inspired to further develop and clarify my thoughts on the subject through writing. Both sessions encompassed a range of governmental and multilateral initiatives, including the G7 Leaders’ Statement on the Hiroshima AI Process, the Biden Administration's Executive Order on AI, the UK AI Safety Summit’s Bletchley Declaration, and the EU’s AI Act. This piece aims to crystallise and elaborate upon the perspectives I shared during these discussions, offering a deeper exploration of the broader challenges in AI regulation and inviting feedback on the insights I provided.
Quantum anomaly and anomalous Josephson effect in inversion asymmetric Weyl semimetals
Creators: name: Sinha, Debabrata
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a Josephson junction involving an inversion-asymmetric Weyl semimetal in presence of time-reversal symmetric (TRS) or time-reversal symmetry broken tilt in the Weyl spectra. We reveal that both types of tilts in the Weyl nodes lead to a Josephson $0$-$π$ transition and a zero bias valley/chiral supercurrent. Strikingly, the TRS tilt gives rise to a pure valley Josephson current (VJC) and TRS broken tilt induces a pure chirality Josephson current (CJC) in this system. The VJC and CJC are the manifestation of valley symmetry broken and $\mathbb{Z}_2$ symmetry broken by the respective tilt. We obtain the reversal of a pure VJC and pure CJC even in the zero bias condition controllable by the junction length. Our analysis of controllability of valley and chirality dependent transport in an inversion asymmetric Weyl semimetal junction could allow applications in valleytronics and chiralitytronics, respectively. The tilt induced Josephson effect provides an alternative route for supercurrent $0$-$π$ transition, different from the conventional ferromagnetism Josephson junctions where the spin polarization is essential. In the long junction and zero temperature limit, VJC and CJC are associated with a quantum anomaly which is manifested through a discontinuous jump in the current in absence of TRS and TRS breaking tilts, respectively.
description: 10 pages, Appear in PRB
Optimization and Supervised Machine Learning Methods for Fitting Numerical Physics Models without Derivatives
Creators: name: Bollapragada, Raghu
name: Menickelly, Matt
name: Nazarewicz, Witold
name: O'Neal, Jared
name: Reinhard, Paul-Gerhard
name: Wild, Stefan M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We address the calibration of a computationally expensive nuclear physics model for which derivative information with respect to the fit parameters is not readily available. Of particular interest is the performance of optimization-based training algorithms when dozens, rather than millions or more, of training data are available and when the expense of the model places limitations on the number of concurrent model evaluations that can be performed. As a case study, we consider the Fayans energy density functional model, which has characteristics similar to many model fitting and calibration problems in nuclear physics. We analyze hyperparameter tuning considerations and variability associated with stochastic optimization algorithms and illustrate considerations for tuning in different computational settings.
description: 25-page article, 9-page supplement, 1-page notice
HMcode-2020: Improved modelling of non-linear cosmological power spectra with baryonic feedback
Creators: name: Mead, Alexander
name: Brieden, Samuel
name: Tröster, Tilman
name: Heymans, Catherine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an updated version of the HMcode augmented halo model that can be used to make accurate predictions of the non-linear matter power spectrum over a wide range of cosmologies. Major improvements include modelling of BAO damping in the power spectrum and an updated treatment of massive neutrinos. We fit our model to simulated power spectra and show that we can match the results with an RMS error of 2.5 per cent across a range of cosmologies, scales $k < 10\,h\mathrm{Mpc}^{-1}$, and redshifts $z<2$. The error rarely exceeds 5 per cent and never exceeds 16 per cent. The worst-case errors occur at $z\simeq2$, or for cosmologies with unusual dark-energy equations of state. This represents a significant improvement over previous versions of HMcode, and over other popular fitting functions, particularly for massive-neutrino cosmologies with high neutrino mass. We also present a simple halo model that can be used to model the impact of baryonic feedback on the power spectrum. This six-parameter physical model includes gas expulsion by AGN feedback and encapsulates star formation. By comparing this model to data from hydrodynamical simulations we demonstrate that the power spectrum response to feedback is matched at the $<1$ per cent level for $z<1$ and $k<20\,h\mathrm{Mpc}^{-1}$. We also present a single-parameter variant of this model, parametrized in terms of feedback strength, which is only slightly less accurate. We make code available for our non-linear and baryon models at https://github.com/alexander-mead/HMcode and it is also available within CAMB and soon within CLASS.
description: 17 pages, 5 figures, 4 appendices; v2 - matches accepted version, new appendix with comparisons between HMcode and 6 different emulators
Economics - Basic Data for Evaluating Floodwater Damages to Urban Properties
Creators: name: Buland, David
name: Buland, David
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1967
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy
Land Economics/Use

description: This technical note and its attachments are issued in response to the request made by the States at the last Watershed Planning Meetings held October 25-26 and December 19-20, 1966, for data related to urban flood damages. The following items are attached for use by the Economist: 3 1. A folder of generalized urban damage data for use in preparing preliminary investigation reports and watershed work plans, This supplements the urban damage data issued at the Northeast Watershed. Planning Party Economists Workshop held at Ocean City, Maryland, in July 17-21, 1961, and the Stanford Research Institute data recently issued with TSC Advisory 175-7 (UD) dated August 29, 1567. The use of generalized data requires a determination that the data are applicable, and therefore, does not eliminate the need for personal interviews of flood-plain occupiers.
FARM HOUSEHOLD LABOR ALLOCATION AND HIRED LABOR DEMANDS IN THE MIDWEST U.S.: THE IMPACT OF GOVERNMENT PAYMENTS
Creators: name: Roucan-Kane, Maud
name: Keeney, Roman
name: Roucan-Kane, Maud
name: Keeney, Roman
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Farm Management
subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: government subsidies
subject: government programs
subject: time allocation
subject: labor allocation
subject: off-farm labor
subject: farm labor
subject: hired labor

description: In addition to farm work, most farm households in developed countries have at least one person working off-farm. The purpose of this paper is to examine if, and how, government payments, personal characteristics and household characteristics affect labor allocation of farm operators and their spouses, and the decisions to hire labor. We estimate an 8-regime multinomial logit model and a three equation multivariate probit model to quantify these impacts. Results indicate that age of household members is consistent with the life-cycle hypothesis on increasing then decreasing labor market par, and is positively associated with demand for hired labor. Hired farm labor and off farm activities increase with the operator education levels. As household size increases, a household member is more likely to work off the farm. Increasing net worth is found to have a positive impact on probability of spouses working on the farm as well as hired labor being used. Both coupled and decoupled payments increase demand for hired labor which is consistent both with farm expansion and reduced family labor time on the farm.
CrypTag: Thwarting Physical and Logical Memory Vulnerabilities using Cryptographically Colored Memory
Creators: name: Nasahl, Pascal
name: Schilling, Robert
name: Werner, Mario
name: Hoogerbrugge, Jan
name: Medwed, Marcel
name: Mangard, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Memory vulnerabilities are a major threat to many computing systems. To effectively thwart spatial and temporal memory vulnerabilities, full logical memory safety is required. However, current mitigation techniques for memory safety are either too expensive or trade security against efficiency. One promising attempt to detect memory safety vulnerabilities in hardware is memory coloring, a security policy deployed on top of tagged memory architectures. However, due to the memory storage and bandwidth overhead of large tags, commodity tagged memory architectures usually only provide small tag sizes, thus limiting their use for security applications. Irrespective of logical memory safety, physical memory safety is a necessity in hostile environments prevalent for modern cloud computing and IoT devices. Architectures from Intel and AMD already implement transparent memory encryption to maintain confidentiality and integrity of all off-chip data. Surprisingly, the combination of both, logical and physical memory safety, has not yet been extensively studied in previous research, and a naive combination of both security strategies would accumulate both overheads. In this paper, we propose CrypTag, an efficient hardware/software co-design mitigating a large class of logical memory safety issues and providing full physical memory safety. At its core, CrypTag utilizes a transparent memory encryption engine not only for physical memory safety, but also for memory coloring at hardly any additional costs. The design avoids any overhead for tag storage by embedding memory colors in the upper bits of a pointer and using these bits as an additional input for the memory encryption. A custom compiler extension automatically leverages CrypTag to detect logical memory safety issues for commodity programs and is fully backward compatible.
Upper limits to the SN1006 multi-TeV gamma-ray flux from H.E.S.S. observations
Creators: name: Aharonian, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Observations of the shell-type supernova remnant SN1006 have been carried out with the H.E.S.S. system of Cherenkov telescopes during 2003 (18.2h with two operating telescopes) and 2004 (6.3h with all four telescopes). No evidence for TeV gamma-ray emission from any compact or extended region associated with the remnant is seen and resulting upper limits at the 99.9% confidence level are up to a factor 10 lower than previously-published fluxes from CANGAROO. For SN1006 at its current epoch of evolution we give limits for a number of important global parameters. Upper limits on the gamma-ray luminosity (for E=0.26 to 10 TeV, distance d=2 kpc) of L_gamma < 1.7x10^{33} erg s^{-1}, and the total energy in corresponding accelerated protons, W_p<1.6\times 10^{50} erg (for proton energies E_p \sim 1.5 to 60 TeV and assuming the lowest value n=0.05 cm^{-3} of the ambient target density discussed in literature) are estimated. Extending this estimate to cover the range of proton energies observed in the cosmic ray spectrum up to the knee (we take here E_p ~ 1 GeV to 3 PeV, assuming a differential particle index -2) gives W_p<6.3x10^{50} erg. A lower limit on the post-shock magnetic field of B>25microG results when considering the synchrotron/inverse-Compton framework for the observed X-ray flux and gamma-ray upper limits.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures. Accepted in Astronomy and Astrophysics
First optical detection from the supernova remnant G 15.1-1.6
Creators: name: Boumis, P.
name: Alikakos, J.
name: Christopoulou, P. E.
name: Mavromatakis, F.
name: Xilouris, E. M.
name: Goudis, C. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Deep optical CCD images of the supernova remnant G 15.1-1.6 were obtained and filamentary and diffuse emission has been discovered. The images, taken in the emission lines of Halpha+[N II], [S II] and [O III], reveal filamentary and diffuse structures all around the remnant. The radio emission at 4850 MHz in the same area is found to be well correlated with the brightest optical filaments. The IRAS 60 micron emission may also be correlated with the optical emission but to a lesser extent. The flux calibrated images suggest that the optical emission originates from shock-heated gas ([S II]/Halpha > 0.4), while there is a possible HII region ([S II]/Halpha ~0.3) contaminating the supernova remnant's emission to the east. Furthermore, deep long-slit spectra were taken at two bright filaments and also show that the emission originates from shock heated gas. An [O III] filamentary structure has also been detected further to the west but it lies outside the remnant's boundaries and possibly is not associated to it. The [O III] flux suggests shock velocities into the interstellar "clouds" ~100 km/s, while the [S II] 6716/6731 ratio indicates electron densities up to ~250 cm^{-3}. Finally, the Halpha emission has been measured to be between 2 to 7 x 10^{-16} erg/s/cm^2/arcsec^2, while the lower limit to the distance is estimated at 2.2 kpc.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures, 3 tables. Accepted for pubication in A&A
Molecular Structure, Quantum Coherence and Solvent Effects on the Ultrafast Electron Transport in BODIPY--C$_{60}$ Derivatives
Creators: name: Madrid-Úsuga, Duvalier
name: Reina, John H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Molecular systems containing donor-bridge-acceptor sites or molecular antennas constitute promising candidates for organic photovoltaic device implementation. Photo-induced electron transfer in multi-chromophore molecular systems is defined by a subtle interaction between the donor and the molecular bridge, and by the system-solvent coupling. Here, we address the computation of quantum properties such as population inversion and electron transfer in molecular photo-systems composed of fulleroisoxazoline, fulleropyrrolidine, BODIPY and Zn-porphyrin, as well as their system-solvent ultrafast dynamics. The molecular complexes are modelled as two- and three-site systems, and we use the density functional theory (DFT) for obtaining the site energies required in the construction of the open system diabatic Hamiltonians relevant to the computation of the electron transfer. The site energies and electronic couplings are calculated by using a continuous polarizable model that allow for the analysis of different solvent environments, and the site-to-site couplings are computed by means of the generalized Mulliken Hush method at the DFT level. We find that the stabilization energy of the charge transfer states exhibit a significant variation for a compound embedded in different polar environments, and thus the effect due to the solvent has been analyzed for the specific cases of Methanol, THF and Toluene. We show that the incorporation of a molecular bridge generates the creation of an intermediate state that plays a crucial role in the charge transfer process by defining $Λ$ or cascaded-type energy schemes; this affects the asymptotic value of the transfer rate and favors the cascaded-type configuration.
description: 14 pages, 12 figures
Infrared degrees of freedom of Yang-Mills theory in the Schroedinger representation
Creators: name: Forkel, Hilmar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We set up a new calculational framework for the Yang-Mills vacuum transition amplitude in the Schroedinger representation. After integrating out hard-mode contributions perturbatively, we perform a gauge invariant gradient expansion of the ensuing soft mode action which renders a subsequent saddle point expansion for the vacuum overlap manageable. The standard "squeezed" approximation for the vacuum wave functional then allows for an essentially analytical treatment of physical amplitudes. Moreover, it leads to the identification of dominant and gauge invariant classes of gauge field orbits which play the role of gluonic infrared (IR) degrees of freedom. Those emerge as a rich variety of (mostly solitonic) solutions to the saddle point equations which are characterized by a common relative gauge orientation of the underlying gluon fields. We discuss their scale stability, guaranteed by a virial theorem, and other general properties including topological quantum numbers and action bounds. We then find important saddle point solutions explicitly and examine their physical impact. Some of them are related to tunneling solutions of the classical Yang-Mills equation, i.e. to instantons and merons, while others appear to play unprecedented roles. A remarkable new class of IR degrees of freedom comprises vortex and knot solutions of Faddeev-Niemi type, potentially related to glueballs.
description: 24 pages, 5 figures
THE INDUSTRIALIZATION OF AGRICULTURE: IMPLICATIONS FOR FUTURE POLICY
Creators: name: Gray, Allan W.
name: Boehlje, Michael
name: Gray, Allan W.
name: Boehlje, Michael
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Farm Management
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Farm policy
subject: industrialization of agriculture
subject: structural change
subject: biological manufacturing

description: Farming is in the midst of a major transformation-not only in technology and production practices, but also in size of business, resource (land) control and operation, business model and linkages with buyers and suppliers. This paper describes the fundamental drivers of today's structural change in U.S. agriculture. The impact of the drivers are illustrated by describing some illustrations of the kinds of innovative farming operations that are developing in agriculture, not the typical farms but those who appear to be leading and shaping the new agriculture. Finally, farm policy implications of the transformation of farming to an industrial manufacturing model are discussed.
Proliferation of non-linear excitations in the piecewise-linear perceptron
Creators: name: Sclocchi, Antonio
name: Urbani, Pierfrancesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the properties of local minima of the energy landscape of a continuous non-convex optimization problem, the spherical perceptron with piecewise linear cost function and show that they are critical, marginally stable and displaying a set of pseudogaps, singularities and non-linear excitations whose properties appear to be in the same universality class of jammed packings of hard spheres. The piecewise linear perceptron problem appears as an evolution of the purely linear perceptron optimization problem that has been recently investigated in [1]. Its cost function contains two non-analytic points where the derivative has a jump. Correspondingly, in the non-convex/glassy phase, these two points give rise to four pseudogaps in the force distribution and this induces four power laws in the gap distribution as well. In addition one can define an extended notion of isostaticity and show that local minima appear again to be isostatic in this phase. We believe that our results generalize naturally to more complex cases with a proliferation of non-linear excitations as the number of non-analytic points in the cost function is increased.
description: 14 pages, 7 figures
title: Program kursu "Budowanie postaw przedsiębiorczych wśród studentów" opracowany przez Grupę Ekspercką działającą na Wydziale Filologicznym Uniwersytetu Wrocławskiego w ramach projektu finansowanego przez NCBiR (2014-2015)
Creators: name: Petryna, Sylwia
name: Kosicki, Janusz
name: Madej, Zenon
name: Czarnecka, Małgorzata
name: Drąg, Wojciech
name: Kuźnik, Anna
name: Kwieciński, Leszek
name: Wojciechowicz, Anna
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: zatrudnialność absolwentów kierunków neofilologicznych
subject: przedsiębiorczość absolwentów kierunków neofilologicznych
subject: kompetencje interpersonalne
subject: zakładanie własnej firmy
subject: współpraca uczelni z biznesem
subject: program kursu szkoleniowego
subject: employability of graduates of modern languages
subject: entrepreneurship of graduates of modern languages
subject: interpersonal competences
subject: starting one’s own business
subject: cooperation between universities and business
subject: training course programme

description: Projekt współfinansowany ze środków Unii Europejskiej w ramach Europejskiego Funduszu Społecznego; Program Operacyjny „Kapitał Ludzki”, Narodowe Centrum Badań i Rozwoju (ref. UDA-POKL.04.01.01-00-039/14-00; 01.10.2014-30.09.2015)
description: Projekt realizowany na Uniwersytecie Wrocławskim w latach 2014-2015
description: Efektem projektu są m.in. materiały dydaktyczne prezentowane w tym zbiorze w opracowaniu Grupy Eksperckiej działającej na Wydziale Filologicznym Uniwersytetu Wrocławskiego
description: Program kursu ‘Budowanie postaw przedsiębiorczych wśród studentów’ jest materiałem dydaktycznym opracowanym przez Grupę Ekspercką powołaną w celu stworzenia platformy współpracy między pracodawcami a Wydziałem Filologicznym UWr oraz intensyfikacji istniejącego partnerstwa uczelni z biznesem na rzecz rozwoju kompetencji studentów w trakcie realizacji projektu pt. „Program doskonalenia kompetencji studentów kierunków neofilologicznych Uniwersytetu Wrocławskiego skrojony na miarę rynku pracy” współfinansowanego ze środków Unii Europejskiej w ramach Europejskiego Funduszu Społecznego; Program Operacyjny „Kapitał Ludzki”, Narodowe Centrum Badań i Rozwoju (ref. UDA-POKL.04.01.01-00-039/14-00; 01.10.2014-30.09.2015
description: The programme of the course “Building Entrepreneurial Attitudes Among Students” is a teaching material developed by an Expert Group established to create a platform for cooperation between employers and the Faculty of Letters of the University of Wrocław and to intensify the existing partnership between the university and business for the development of students' competences during the implementation of the project entitled “Programme for Improving the Competences of Students of Modern Languages at the University of Wrocław, Tailored to the Labour Market,” co-financed by the European Union as part of the European Social Fund, Human Capital Operational Programme, National Center for Research and Development (UDA-POKL.04.01.01-00-039/14-00; 01.10.2014-30.09.2015).
Five dimensional 2-branes from special Lagrangian wrapped M5-branes
Creators: name: Emam, Moataz H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an ansatz for black 2-branes in five dimensional N=2 supergravity theory that carry magnetic charge with respect to general hypermultiplet scalars. We find explicit solutions in certain special cases and examine the constraints on the general case. These branes may be thought of as arising from M-branes by wrapping eleven dimensional supergravity over special Lagrangian calibrated cycles of a Calabi-Yau 3-fold.
description: 15 pages. Versions 2 and 3: Minor corrections in the language, revised introduction and updated references, otherwise unchanged
Use of Excess Power Method and Convolutional Neural Network in All-Sky Search for Continuous Gravitational Waves
Creators: name: Yamamoto, Takahiro S.
name: Tanaka, Takahiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The signal of continuous gravitational waves has a longer duration than the observation period. Even if the waveform in the source frame is monochromatic, we will observe the waveform with modulated frequencies due to the motion of the detector. If the source location is unknown, a lot of templates having different sky positions are required to demodulate the frequency, and the required huge computational cost restricts the applicable parameter region of coherent search. In this work, we propose and examine a new method to select candidates, which reduces the cost of coherent search by following-up only the selected candidates. As a first step, we consider an idealized situation in which only a single-detector having 100\% duty cycle is available and its detector noise is approximated by the stationary Gaussian noise. Also, we assume the signal has no spindown and the polarization angle, the inclination angle, and the initial phase are fixed to be $ψ=0$, $\cosι=1$, and $ϕ_0=0$, and they are treated as known parameters. We combine several methods: 1) the short-time Fourier transform with the re-sampled data such that the Earth motion for the source is canceled in some reference direction, 2) the excess power search in the Fourier transform of the time series obtained by picking up the amplitude in a particular frequency bin from the short-time Fourier transform data, and 3) the deep learning method to further constrain the source sky position. The computational cost and the detection probability are estimated. The injection test is carried out to check the validity of the detection probability. We find that our method is worthy of further study for analyzing $O(10^7)$sec strain data.
description: 14 pages, 7 figures
Localization and partial characterization of some extracellular matrix molecules which may be involved in gut morphogenesis of the starfish, Pisaster ochraceus
Creators: name: Leventis, Peter Alexander
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The extracellular matrix (ECM) is important in normal development by influencing cell adhesion, migration, and differentiation. If one includes the oocyte jelly coat as a part of the ECM, it is present from before fertilization. ECM is made up of a variety of molecules, many of which are uncharacterized in lower invertebrates. In this study, a polyclonal antibody (PJC-1) which recognizes several high molecular weight ECM molecules of the starfish Pisaster ochraceus was used in conjunction with a variety of techniques to study the ECM. Using immunofluorescence light microscopy and immunogold transmission electron microscopy, it was determined that PJC-1 recognizes molecules found in the acrosomal granule and in the external mucous ECM of sperm, and in the jelly coat, vitelline membrane, cortical granules, yolk granules, cell membrane and cytoplasm of mature oocytes. In embryo stages before, during, and after gastrulation, molecules recognized by PJC-1 are found in vesicles in ectodermal, mesenchymal, and endodermal cells. These molecules were more highly expressed in the hyaline layer, blastocoel ECM, and in particular the ECM of the gut lumen as development progressed. Immunoblots of extracts from different developmental stages showed that an increase of a 160 kDa (non-reduced) molecule correlated with the onset of gastrulation, while the upregulation of a second molecule of about 145 kDa (reduced) coincided with segmentation and differentiation of the larval gut. Embryos raised in sea water containing PJC-1 at 2.5%, 5%, and 10% exhibited perturbation of the formation of the distal gut, indicated by the development of a prolapsed anus. When viewed together, the perturbation, immunoblot, immunogold and immunofluorescence data suggest that PJC-1 recognizes at least one molecule which may be involved in the morphogenesis of the digestive tract.
MARKET SEGMENTATION PRACTICES OF RETAIL CROP INPUT FIRMS
Creators: name: Reimer, Aaron
name: Akridge, Jay T.
name: Boehlje, Michael
name: Gray, Allan W.
name: Reimer, Aaron
name: Akridge, Jay T.
name: Boehlje, Michael
name: Gray, Allan W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: market segmentation
subject: target marketing
subject: crop inputs
subject: distribution channel
subject: retailer

description: While market segmentation and the associated idea of target marketing are not new, there are questions about how the strategy of market segmentation and target marketing is being used in retail agribusiness firms. Previous research has demonstrated that distinct groups of farmers/customers exist (Alexander). However, retail crop input firms tend to be of modest size and are geographically bound. Both lack of resources and confinement to a specific geographic market present challenges for successful implementation of a market segmentation/target marketing strategy (Stolp). In this study, market segmentation/target marketing practices were explored in two types of crop input retailers: independently owned and operated firms (9 firms) and agricultural cooperatives (11 firms). A number of questions related to market segmentation/target marketing strategy were assessed via a web-based survey and telephone interviews. Referencing Best's seven-step framework, market segmentation is compared and contrasted by firm type; gaps in market segmentation strategy execution are identified; and challenges to implementing a market segmentation strategy are considered. Results show that market segmentation/target marketing was employed by 85% of the crop input retailers in the sample. Key gaps identified in market segmentation strategy execution include measuring market segment attractiveness; evaluating market segment profitability; developing a product-price positioning strategy for a tailored offering; expanding the positioning strategy to include promotional and sales elements of the marketing-mix; and evaluating the progress/success with each target market segment. Addressing these key gaps will aid industry professionals as they work to serve the needs of a continuously evolving farmer/customer base.
Economic Value of Groundwater Resources and Irrigated Agriculture in the Oklahoma Panhandle
Creators: name: Almas, Lal K.
name: Colette, W. Arden
name: Adusumilli, Naveen C.
name: Almas, Lal K.
name: Colette, W. Arden
name: Adusumilli, Naveen C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Ogallala Aquifer
subject: Irrigated Agriculture
subject: Groundwater Conservation
subject: Water Management Policy
subject: Oklahoma Panhandle

description: An economic optimization model was developed using available groundwater resources in the Oklahoma Panhandle to estimate value of water for irrigated agriculture in the area. The model will serve as policy tool to analyze alternative water management strategies and conservation programs to assess the economic impact of depleting Ogallala Aquifer.
Beyond the relativistic mean-field approximation: configuration mixing of angular momentum projected wave functions
Creators: name: Niksic, T.
name: Vretenar, D.
name: Ring, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the first study of restoration of rotational symmetry and fluctuations of the quadrupole deformation in the framework of relativistic mean-field models. A model is developed which uses the generator coordinate method to perform configuration mixing calculations of angular momentum projected wave functions, calculated in a relativistic point-coupling model. The geometry is restricted to axially symmetric shapes, and the intrinsic wave functions are generated from the solutions of the constrained relativistic mean-field + BCS equations in an axially deformed oscillator basis. A number of illustrative calculations are performed for the nuclei 194Hg and 32Mg, in comparison with results obtained in non-relativistic models based on Skyrme and Gogny effective interactions.
description: 32 pages, 14 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. C
Coherent perfect absorption of quantum light
Creators: name: Vetlugin, Anton N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Coherent perfect absorption (CPA) was introduced as a classical optics phenomenon of a standing-wave absorption by a subwavelength film. In this paper, we develop a theory of CPA of quantized standing waves taking account of a subwavelength thickness of the absorber. This approach allows us to merge all known quantum effects of CPA under a single theory and introduce other regimes of CPA including CPA of NOON states with arbitrary number of entangled photons, orthogonally squeezed vacuum states, continuous variable entangled states, and Schrödinger cat states. Detailed analysis of the quantum regime of CPA sheds light on fundamental aspects of quantum light dissipation and its practical implementation in quantum optics and quantum information.
description: 26 pages, 9 figures
Femtoscopy in Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions: Two Decades of Progress
Creators: name: Lisa, Mike
name: Pratt, Scott
name: Soltz, Ron
name: Wiedemann, Urs
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Analyses of two-particle correlations have provided the chief means for determining spatio-temporal characteristics of relativistic heavy ion collisions. We discuss the theoretical formalism behind these studies and the experimental methods used in carrying them out. Recent results from RHIC are put into context in a systematic review of correlation measurements performed over the past two decades. The current understanding of these results is discussed in terms of model comparisons and overall trends.
description: 49 pages, 16 figures; to appear in Annual Review of Nuclear and Particle Science; final version includes minor updates in text, a few references added, and two figures updated; Figures and numerical data tables available at http://www.physics.ohio-state.edu/~lisa/FemtoscopyReview2005/
Production and Price Effects of New Diseases and Other Challenges Confronting the Processed Orange Industry
Creators: name: Spreen, Thomas H.
name: Brown, Mark G.
name: Jauregui, Carlos E.
name: Spreen, Thomas H.
name: Brown, Mark G.
name: Jauregui, Carlos E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Demand and Price Analysis
Production Economics

description: Sao Paulo and Florida are the primary producers of orange juice. Both regions face production challenges. In this paper, a model of the world orange juice market is used to analyze the effect of citrus greening and high sugarcane prices on the production and price of orange juice.
Antisymmetric Cross-correlation between H I and CO Line Intensity Maps as a New Probe of Cosmic Reionization
Creators: name: Zhou, Meng
name: Tan, Jianrong
name: Mao, Yi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Intensity mapping of the H I 21 cm line and the CO 2.61 mm line from the epoch of reionization has emerged as powerful, complementary, probes of the high-redshift Universe. However, both maps and their cross-correlation are dominated by foregrounds. We propose a new analysis by which the signal is unbiased by foregrounds, i.e. it can be measured without foreground mitigation. We construct the antisymmetric part of two-point cross-correlation between intensity maps of the H I 21 cm line and the CO 2.61 mm line, arising because the statistical fluctuations of two fields have different evolution in time. We show that the sign of this new signal can distinguish model-independently whether inside-out reionization happens during some interval of time. More importantly, within the framework of the excursion set model of reionization, we demonstrate that the slope of the dipole of H I-CO cross-power spectrum at large scales is linear to the rate of change of global neutral fraction of hydrogen in a manner independent of reionization parameters, until the slope levels out near the end of reionization, but this trend might possibly depend on the framework of reionization modelling. The H I-CO dipole may be a smoking-gun probe for the speed of reionization, or "standard speedometer" for cosmic reionization. Observations of this new signal will unveil the global reionization history from the midpoint to near the completion of reionization.
description: Updated to match the accepted version for publication at the ApJ. 12 pages, 12 figures, 1 table. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2009.02765
SPATIOTEMPORAL MODELING OF AGRICULTURAL YIELD MONITOR DATA
Creators: name: Nistor, Adela P.
name: Florax, Raymond J.G.M.
name: Lowenberg-DeBoer, James
name: Brown, Jason P.
name: Nistor, Adela P.
name: Florax, Raymond J.G.M.
name: Lowenberg-DeBoer, James
name: Brown, Jason P.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: corn
subject: drainage
subject: precision agriculture
subject: spatial panel model

description: This paper shows that spatial panel data models can be successfully applied to an econometric analysis of farm-scale precision agriculture data. The application focuses on the estimation of the effect of controlled drainage water management equipment on corn yields. Using field-level precision agriculture data and spatial panel techniques, the yield response equation is estimated using the spatial autoregressive error random effects model with temporal heterogeneity, incorporating spatial dependence in the error term, while controlling for the topography, weather and the controlled drainage treatment. Controlling for random effects allows for the disentanglement of the effects of spatial dependence from spatial heterogeneity and omitted variables, and thus, to properly investigate the yield response. The results show that controlled drainage has a statistically significant effect on corn yields. The effect is generally positive but varies widely from year to year and field-to-field. For the two years of data controlled drainage was linked to a 2.2% increase in field average yield, but that varied from a -2.6% to a +6.5%. Evaluated at mean elevation and slope in the east part of the field, controlled drainage is associated with 10 bu/a increase and a 0.6 bu/a decrease in yields in 2005 and 2006, respectively. In the West part of the field, controlled drainage is associated with a 11 bu/a increase in 2006 and 2.81 bu/a decrease in 2005.
description: Replaced with revised version of paper 03/06/08.
Including of triple excitations in the relativistic coupled-cluster formalism and calculation of Na properties
Creators: name: Porsev, Sergey G.
name: Derevianko, Andrei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A practical high-accuracy relativistic method of atomic structure calculations for univalent atoms is presented. The method is rooted in the coupled-cluster formalism and includes non-perturbative treatment of single and double excitations from the core and single, double and triple excitations involving valence electron. Triple excitations of core electrons are included in the fourth-order of many-body perturbation theory. In addition, contributions from the disconnected excitations are incorporated. Evaluation of matrix elements includes all-order dressing of lines and vertices of the diagrams. The resulting formalism for matrix elements is complete through the fourth order and sums certain chains of diagrams to all orders. With the developed method we compute removal energies, magnetic-dipole hyperfine-structure constants A and electric-dipole amplitudes. We find that the removal energies are reproduced within 0.01-0.03% and the hyperfine constants of the 3s_1/2 and 3p_1/2 states with a better than 0.1% accuracy. The computed dipole amplitudes for the principal 3s_1/2 - 3p_1/2;3/2 transitions are in an agreement with 0.05%-accurate experimental data.
description: 14 pages, 5 figures (accepted for publication in Physical Review A)
Spatially covariant gravity with a dynamic lapse function
Creators: name: Lin, Jiong
name: Gong, Yungui
name: Lu, Yizhou
name: Zhang, Fengge
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the framework of spatially covariant gravity, it is natural to extend a gravitational theory by putting the lapse function $N$ and the spatial metric $h_{ij}$ on an equal footing. We find two sufficient and necessary conditions for ensuring two physical degrees of freedom (DoF) for the theory with the lapse function being dynamical by Hamiltonian analysis. A class of quadratic actions with only two DoF is constructed. In the case that the coupling functions depend on $N$ only, we find that the spatial curvature term cannot enter the Lagrangian and thus this theory possesses no wave solution and cannot recover general relativity (GR). In the case that the coupling functions depend on the spatial derivatives of $N$, we perform a spatially conformal transformation on a class of quadratic actions with nondynamical lapse function to obtain a class of quadratic actions with $\dot{N}$. We confirm this theory has two DoF by checking the two sufficient and necessary conditions. Besides, we find that a class of quadratic actions with two DoF can be transformed from GR by disformal transformation.
Policy Reform and Off-farm Labor Supply by Operators in the Delta Region: A
Creators: name: Mishra, Ashok K.
name: Paudel, Krishna P.
name: Mishra, Ashok K.
name: Paudel, Krishna P.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Off-farm labor supply
subject: Delta region
subject: Tobit
subject: semiparametric
subject: government farm program payments
subject: education

description: Off-farm employment has been an integral part of the emerging structure of production agriculture in the South. Government farm program payments, farm structure, and strong non-farm economy have important impact on labor allocation, farm and non-farm labor, decision of farm operators. The objective of this investigation was to evaluate the determinants of off-farm labor supply for farm operators in the Delta States. Results show that off-farm work, educational level, presence of teenager, and farm tenure positive and significant impact on ff-farm labor supply by farm operators. On the other hand, farm size, household wealth, decoupled and couple farm program payments, and degree of farm diversification have a negative and significant impact on off-farm labor supply by farm operators. the semiparametreic functional formulation of the farm size and household wealth variables were found to perform better than the linear functional form.
Logarithmic diffusion and porous media equations: a unified description
Creators: name: Pedron, I. T.
name: Mendes, R. S.
name: Buratta, T. J.
name: Malacarne, L. C.
name: Lenzi, E. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we present the logarithmic diffusion equation as a limit case when the index that characterizes a nonlinear Fokker-Planck equation, in its diffusive term, goes to zero. A linear drift and a source term are considered in this equation. Its solution has a lorentzian form, consequently this equation characterizes a super diffusion like a Lévy kind. In addition is obtained an equation that unifies the porous media and the logarithmic diffusion equations, including a generalized diffusion equation in fractal dimension. This unification is performed in the nonextensive thermostatistics context and increases the possibilities about the description of anomalous diffusive processes.
description: 5 pages. To appear in Phys. Rev. E