cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The LPM effect in sequential bremsstrahlung: from large-N QCD to N=3 via the SU(N) analog of Wigner 6-j symbols
Creators: name: Arnold, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Consider a high-energy parton showering as it traverses a QCD medium such as a quark-gluon plasma. Interference effects between successive splittings in the shower are potentially very important but have so far been calculated (even in idealized theoretical situations) only in soft emission or large-$N_{\rm c}$ limits, where $N_{\rm c}$ is the number of quark colors. In this paper, we show how one may remove the assumption of large $N_{\rm c}$ and so begin investigation of $N_{\rm c}{=}3$ without soft-emission approximations. Treating finite $N_{\rm c}$ requires (i) classifying different ways that four gluons can form a color singlet and (ii) calculating medium-induced transitions between those singlets, for which we find application of results for the generalization of Wigner 6-$j$ symbols from angular momentum to SU($N_{\rm c}$). Throughout, we make use of the multiple scattering ($\hat q$) approximation for high-energy partons crossing quark-gluon plasmas, and we find that this approximation is self-consistent only if the transverse-momentum diffusion parameter $\hat q$ for different color representations satisfies Casimir scaling (even for strongly-coupled, and not just weakly-coupled, quark-gluon plasmas). We also find that results for $N_{\rm c}{=}3$ depend, mathematically, on being able to calculate the propagator for a coupled non-relativistic quantum harmonic oscillator problem in which the spring constants are operators acting on a 5-dimensional Hilbert space of internal color states. Those spring constants are represented by constant $5{\times}5$ matrices, which we explicitly construct. We are unaware of any closed form solution for this type of harmonic oscillator problem, and we discuss prospects for using numerical evaluation.
description: 27 pages, 6 figures. Difference from v2: An erroneous assertion in section IV, that the two-dimensional harmonic oscillator problem could be reduced to one-dimensional harmonic oscillator problems, has been fixed
How to trivialize uniqueness
Creators: name: Köpping, Jan
Publisher: name: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung
Year: 2020

description: A new unified account for anaphoric and non-anaphoric (attributively used) definite descriptions is proposed that avoids making use of lexical ambiguities and the notion of minimal situations.
description: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung, Vol 24 No 1 (2020): Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung 24
Optimality in Quantum Data Compression using Dynamical Entropy
Creators: name: Androulakis, George
name: Wright, Duncan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Primary: 81P45. Secondary: 81P70, 94A15, 37A3

description: In this article we study lossless compression of strings of pure quantum states of indeterminate-length quantum codes which were introduced by Schumacher and Westmoreland. Past work has assumed that the strings of quantum data are prepared to be encoded in an independent and identically distributed way. We introduce the notion of quantum stochastic ensembles, allowing us to consider strings of quantum states prepared in a more general way. For any identically distributed quantum stochastic ensemble we define an associated quantum Markov chain and prove that the optimal average codeword length via lossless coding is equal to the quantum dynamical entropy of the associated quantum Markov chain.
Putative quantum critical point in the itinerant magnet ZrFe$_4$Si$_2$ with a frustrated quasi-one-dimensional structure
Creators: name: Ajeesh, M. O.
name: Weber, K.
name: Geibel, C.
name: Nicklas, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Fe sublattice in the compound ZrFe$_4$Si$_2$ features geometrical frustration and quasi-one-dimensionality. We therefore investigated the magnetic behavior in ZrFe$_4$Si$_2$ and its evolution upon substituting Ge for Si and under the application of hydrostatic pressure using structural, magnetic, thermodynamic, and electrical-transport probes. Magnetic measurements reveal that ZrFe$_4$Si$_2$ holds paramagnetic Fe moments with an effective moment $μ_{\rm eff}= 2.18~μ_{B}$. At low temperatures the compound shows a weak short-range magnetic order below 6 K. Our studies demonstrate that substituting Ge for Si increases the unit-cell volume and stabilizes the short-range order into a long-range spin-density wave type magnetic order. On the other hand, hydrostatic pressure studies using electrical-resistivity measurements on ZrFe$_4$(Si$_{0.88}$Ge$_{0.12}$)$_2$ indicate a continuous suppression of the magnetic ordering upon increasing pressure. Therefore, our combined chemical substitution and hydrostatic pressure studies suggest the existence of a lattice-volume-controlled quantum critical point in ZrFe$_4$Si$_2$.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures, Published version with new title and extended discussion
Bound states for the Schrödinger equation with mixed-type nonlinearites
Creators: name: Bieganowski, Bartosz
name: Mederski, Jarosław
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35Q55, 35Q60, 35A15, 35J20, 58E05

description: We prove the existence results for the Schrödinger equation of the form $$ -Δu + V(x) u = g(x,u), \quad x \in \mathbb{R}^N, $$ where $g$ is superlinear and subcritical in some periodic set $K$ and linear in $\mathbb{R}^N \setminus K$ for sufficiently large $|u|$. The periodic potential $V$ is such that $0$ lies in a spectral gap of $-Δ+V$. We find a solution with the energy bounded by a certain min-max level, and infinitely many geometrically distinct solutions provided that $g$ is odd in $u$.
description: to appear in Indiana University Mathematics Journal
Hall effect of ferro/antiferromagnetic wallpaper fermions
Creators: name: Mizuno, Koki
name: Yamakage, Ai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nonsymmorphic crystals can host characteristic double surface Dirac cones with fourfold degeneracy on the Dirac points, called wallpaper fermion, protected by wallpaper group symmetry. We clarify the charge and spin Hall effect of wallpaper fermions in the presence of the (anti)ferromagnetism.Based on a four-sublattice model, we construct the effective Hamiltonian of wallpaper fermions coupled with the ferromagnetic or antiferromagnetic moment.Both ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic moments induce an energy gap for the wallpaper fermions, leading to quantized (spin) Hall conductivity. The ferromagnetic wallpaper fermion induces the Hall conductivity quantized into $e^2/h$, which is twice that for a single Dirac fermion on the surface of topological insulators. On the other hand, the spin Hall conductivity decays and reaches to be a finite value as the antiferromagnetic coupling increases. We also show that the results above are valid for a general model of wallpaper fermions from symmetry consideration.
description: 9 pages, 22 figures
Regular black holes with stable cores
Creators: name: Bonanno, Alfio
name: Khosravi, Amir-Pouyan
name: Saueressig, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Non-singular black hole geometries typically come with two spacetime horizons: an (outer) event horizon and an (inner) Cauchy horizon. This nurtures the speculation that they may be subject to a mass-inflation effect which renders the Cauchy horizon unstable. We analyze the dynamics associated with spherically symmetric, regular black holes taking the full backreaction between the infalling matter and geometry into account. On this basis, we identify the crucial features taming the growth of the mass function and diminishing the curvature singularity at the Cauchy horizon. It is demonstrated explicitly that the regular black hole solutions proposed by Hayward and obtained from Asymptotic Safety satisfy these properties.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures, agrees with published version
Auswirkungen von Journal-Flipping auf Publikationsvolumina und Zitationshäufigkeit
Creators: name: Momeni, Fakhri
name: Mayr, Philipp
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Journal-Flipping
Publikationsoutput
Zitationshäufigkeit
Open Access

description: Impulsvortrag im Workshop "Open-Access-Analysen für die Praxis" auf den Open-Access-Tagen am 19.9.2022 in Bern.
description: Diese Arbeit wurde im Rahmen des BMBF-Projekts OASE unter den Förderkennzeichen 16PU17005A und 16PU17005B gefördert. Weitere Informationen zu OASE finden Sie unter http://www.zbw.eu/de/forschung/web-science/oase/.
Mapping the Milky Way bulge at high resolution: the 3D dust extinction, CO, and X factor maps
Creators: name: Schultheis, M.
name: Chen, B. Q.
name: Jiang, B. W.
name: Gonzalez, O. A.
name: Enokiya, R.
name: Fukui, Y.
name: Torii, K.
name: Rejkuba, M.
name: Minniti, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Three dimensional interstellar extinction maps provide a powerful tool for stellar population analysis. We use data from the VISTA Variables in the Via Lactea survey together with the Besançon stellar population synthesis model of the Galaxy to determine interstellar extinction as a function of distance in the Galactic bulge covering $ -10 < l < 10$ and $-10 < b <5$. We adopted a recently developed method to calculate the colour excess. First we constructed the H-Ks vs. Ks and J-Ks vs. Ks colour-magnitude diagrams based on the VVV catalogues that matched 2MASS. Then, based on the temperature-colour relation for M giants and the distance-colour relations, we derived the extinction as a function of distance. The observed colours were shifted to match the intrinsic colours in the Besançon model as a function of distance iteratively. This created an extinction map with three dimensions: two spatial and one distance dimension along each line of sight towards the bulge. We present a 3D extinction map that covers the whole VVV area with a resolution of 6' x 6', using distance bins of 0.5 kpc. The high resolution and depth of the photometry allows us to derive extinction maps for a range of distances up to 10 kpc and up to 30 magnitudes of extinction in $A_{V}$. Integrated maps show the same dust features and consistent values as other 2D maps. We discuss the spatial distribution of dust features in the line of sight, which suggests that there is much material in front of the Galactic bar, specifically between 5-7 kpc. We compare our dust extinction map with high-resolution $\rm ^{12}CO$ maps towards the Galactic bulge, where we find a good correlation between $\rm ^{12}CO$ and $\rm A_{V}$. We determine the X factor by combining the CO map and our dust extinction map. Our derived average value is consistent with the canonical value of the Milky Way.
description: 11 pages, 18 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy&Astrophysics
Reproducibility and FAIR Principles: The Case of a Segment Polarity Network Model
Creators: name: Mendes, Pedro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The issue of reproducibility of computational models and the related FAIR principles (findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable) are examined in a specific test case. I analyze a computational model of the segment polarity network in Drosophila embryos published in 2000. Despite the high number of citations to this publication, 23 years later the model is barely accessible, and consequently not interoperable. Following the text of the original publication allowed successfully encoding the model for the open source software COPASI. Subsequently saving the model in the SBML format allowed it to be reused in other open source software packages. Submission of this SBML encoding of the model to the BioModels database enables its findability and accessibility. This demonstrates how the FAIR principles can be successfully enabled by using open source software, widely adopted standards, and public repositories, facilitating reproducibility and reuse of computational cell biology models that will outlive the specific software used.
Experimenting with subject alternatives for analysing generic sentences
Creators: name: Kochari, Arnold
name: Van Rooij, Robert
name: Schulz, Katrin
Publisher: name: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung
Year: 2020

description: In this paper we argue that for the (probabilistic) interpretation of generic sentences of the form ‘Gs are f ’ alternative groups, or kinds, of G play an important role. We describe the results of some experiments that empirically test this use of alternatives.
description: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung, Vol 24 No 1 (2020): Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung 24
The induced semigroup of Schwarz maps to the space of Hilbert-Schmidt operators
Creators: name: Androulakis, George
name: Wiedemann, Alexander
name: Ziemke, Matthew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 47D03, 47D07, 46L57, 47A20, 81Q80

description: We prove that for every semigroup of Schwarz maps on the von~Neumann algebra of all bounded linear operators on a Hilbert space which has a subinvariant faithful normal state there exists an associated semigroup of contractions on the space of Hilbert-Schmidt operators of the Hilbert space. Moreover, we show that if the original semigroup is weak$^*$ continuous then the associated semigroup is strongly continuous. We introduce the notion of the extended generator of a semigroup on the bounded operators of a Hilbert space with respect to an orthonormal basis of the Hilbert space. We describe the form of the generator of a quantum Markov semigroup on the von~Neumann algebra of all bounded linear operators on a Hilbert space which has an invariant faithful normal state under the assumption that the generator of the associated semigroup has compact resolvent.
Light Focusing and Two-Dimensional Imaging Through Scattering Media using the Photoacoustic Transmission-Matrix with an Ultrasound Array
Creators: name: Chaigne, Thomas
name: Gateau, Jerome
name: Katz, Ori
name: Bossy, Emmanuel
name: Gigan, Sylvain
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We implement the photoacoustic transmission-matrix approach on a two-dimensional photoacoustic imaging system, using a 15 MHz linear ultrasound array. Using a black leaf skeleton as a complex absorbing structure, we demonstrate that the photoacoustic transmission-matrix approach allows to reveal structural features that are invisible in conventional photoacoustic images, as well as to selectively control light focusing on absorbing targets, leading to a local enhancement of the photoacoustic signal.
Observation of the Kondo Screening Cloud of Micron Lengths
Creators: name: Borzenets, I. V.
name: Shim, J.
name: Chen, J.
name: Ludwig, A.
name: Wieck, A.
name: Tarucha, S.
name: Sim, H. -S.
name: Yamamoto, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When a magnetic impurity exists in a metal, conduction electrons form a spin cloud that screens the impurity spin. This basic phenomenon is called the Kondo effect. Contrary to electric charge screening, the spin screening cloud occurs quantum coherently, forming spin-singlet entanglement with the impurity. Although the spins interact locally around the impurity, the cloud can spread out over micrometers. The Kondo cloud has never been detected to date, and its existence, a fundamental aspect of the Kondo effect, remains as a long-standing controversial issue. Here we present experimental evidence of a Kondo cloud extending over a length of micrometers comparable to the theoretical length $ξ_\mathrm{K}$. In our device, a Kondo impurity is formed in a quantum dot (QD), one-sided coupling to a quasi-one dimensional channel~\cite{Theory_Proposal_HS} that houses a Fabry-Perot (FP) interferometer of various gate-defined lengths $L > 1 \, μ$m. When we sweep a voltage on the interferometer end gate separated from the QD by the length $L$ to induce FP oscillations in conductance, we observe oscillations in measured Kondo temperature $T_\mathrm{K}$, a sign of the cloud at distance $L$. For $L \lesssim ξ_\mathrm{K}$ the $T_\mathrm{K}$ oscillation amplitude becomes larger for the smaller $L$, obeying a scaling function of a single parameter $L/ ξ_\mathrm{K}$, while for $L>ξ_\mathrm{K}$ the oscillation is much weaker. The result reveals that $ξ_\mathrm{K}$ is the only length parameter associated with the Kondo effect, and that the cloud lies mostly inside the length $ξ_\mathrm{K}$ which reaches microns. Our experimental method of using electron interferometers offers a way of detecting the spatial distribution of exotic non-Fermi liquids formed by multiple magnetic impurities or multiple screening channels and solving long-standing issues of spin-correlated systems.
description: Main text: 13 pages, 3 figures. Supplementary text: 14 pages, 6 figures
Sensing Technologies for Crowd Management, Adaptation, and Information Dissemination in Public Transportation Systems: A Review
Creators: name: Darsena, Donatella
name: Gelli, Giacinto
name: Iudice, Ivan
name: Verde, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Management of crowd information in public transportation (PT) systems is crucial, both to foster sustainable mobility, by increasing the user's comfort and satisfaction during normal operation, as well as to cope with emergency situations, such as pandemic crises, as recently experienced with COVID-19 limitations. This paper presents a taxonomy and review of sensing technologies based on Internet of Things (IoT) for real-time crowd analysis, which can be adopted in the different segments of the PT system (buses/trams/trains, railway/metro stations, and bus/tram stops). To discuss such technologies in a clear systematic perspective, we introduce a reference architecture for crowd management, which employs modern information and communication technologies (ICT) in order to: (i) monitor and predict crowding events; (ii) implement crowd-aware policies for real-time and adaptive operation control in intelligent transportation systems (ITSs); (iii) inform in real-time the users of the crowding status of the PT system, by means of electronic displays installed inside vehicles or at bus/tram stops/stations, and/or by mobile transport applications. It is envisioned that the innovative crowd management functionalities enabled by ICT/IoT sensing technologies can be incrementally implemented as an add-on to state-of-the-art ITS platforms, which are already in use by major PT companies operating in urban areas. Moreover, it is argued that, in this new framework, additional services can be delivered to the passengers, such as, e.g., on-line ticketing, vehicle access control and reservation in severely crowded situations, and evolved crowd-aware route planning.
description: 24 pages, 3 figures, 5 tables, accepted for publication in IEEE Sensors Journal
Dipolar tidal effects in scalar-tensor theories
Creators: name: Bernard, Laura
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The inclusion of finite-size effects in the gravitational waveform templates allows not only to constrain the internal structure of compact objects, but to test deviations from general relativity. Here, we address the problem of tidal effects in massless scalar-tensor theories. We introduce a new class of scalar-type tidal Love numbers due to the presence of a time-varying scalar dipole moment. We compute the leading-order tidal contribution in the conservative dynamics and for the first time in the wave generation for quasi-circular orbits. Importantly, we show that in a system dominated by dipolar emission, such tidal effects may be detectable by LISA or third generation detectors.
description: 6 pages, v2: typos + errors in Eqs. (7), (8), (13)-(17) corrected
A note on the representation and learning of quantificational determiners
Creators: name: Katzir, Roni
name: Lan, Nur
name: Peled, Noa
Publisher: name: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung
Year: 2020

description: There is a tight, bidirectional connection between the formalism that defines how linguistic knowledge is stored and how this knowledge can be learned. In one direction, the formalism can be mapped onto an evaluation metric that allows the child to compare competing hypotheses given the input data. In the other direction, an evaluation metric can help the linguist to compare competing hypotheses about the formalism in which linguistic knowledge is written. In this preliminary note we explore this bidirectional connection in the domain of quantificational determiners (e.g., ‘every’ and ‘some’). We show how fixing an explicit format for representing the semantics of such elements – specifically, a variant of semantic automata – yields an evaluation metric, based on the principle of Minimum Description Length (MDL), that can serve as the basis for an unsupervised learner for such denotations. We then show how the MDL metric may provide a handle on the comparison of semantic automata with a competing representational format.
description: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung, Vol 24 No 1 (2020): Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung 24
Cytotoxicity in vitro of two non-commercial samples of chrysotile and fibrous erionite
Creators: name: Pugnaloni, Armanda
name: Di Valerio, Silvia
name: Armeni, Tatiana
name: Cianfruglia, Laura
name: Tiano, Luca
name: Marchegiani, Fabio
name: Stipa, Pierluigi
name: Laudadio, Emiliano
name: Sabbatini, Simona
name: Minnelli, Cristina
name: Vaiasicca, Salvatore
name: Ramini, Debora
name: Procopio, Antonio D.
name: Fazioli, Francesca
name: Gualtieri, Alessandro Francesco
Publisher: name: Periodico di Mineralogia
Year: 2023

description: Exposure to naturally occurring asbestos and fibrous erionite can have severe impacts for the human health and cause malignant mesothelioma. The disease burden associated with this exposure is difficult to quantify and is not properly investigated. A characterization of the crystal-chemical-physical properties and toxicity/carcinogenicity of naturally occurring fibres with attention to asbestos and erionite is therefore highly recommended. The present study deals with the in vitro biological effects in MeT5A and A549 human cell lines of two non-commercial asbestos fibres: Valmalenco chrysotile from Central Alps Italy and fibrous erionite from Jersey Nevada, USA, including the standards UICC Chrysotile and UICC crocidolite. Light and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observations showed morphological cell perturbation of treated cells. SEM-EDAX investigations revealed that the release of chemical components in the culture media affect cell viability. ROS levels increased in accordance with glutathione depletion, witnessing a remarkable cellular stress. Free radical release on pristine fibres was investigated by means of electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spin trapping technique and FTIR spectroscopy to characterize the molecular structures of fibres. Results reflect the cytotoxic effects and evidence the different toxicity pathways prompted by these fibre species due to their different crystal assemblages and physical properties.
description: Periodico di Mineralogia, Vol. 92 No. 2 (2023)
EVALUATION OF WETTING FRONT DETECTOR TO DETERMINE WATER DEMAND, WATER AND CROP PRODUCTIVITY OF SEECTED FODDER VARITIES UNDER SUPPLIMENTAL IRRIGATION (CASE STUDIES IN LEMO AND ANGEACHA AREAS OF SNNP REGION)
Creators: name: DESALEGN TEGEGNE MENGISTU
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015

description: Crop water estimation is relevant to address issues such as proper utilization of water, prediction of crop productivity to design irrigation systems, resources, farm irrigation scheduling and environmental assessment. An experiment was conducted during April to July in 2015 at Jawe and Kerekicho Kebeles in SNNP. The aim was to measure ETc, Kc of Desho grass, oats and vetch fodder crops; with objective of evaluating the WFD (scheduling tool) in terms of biomass yield and water productivity. The study was among two treatments with three replicated plots at each of the study areas and each plot size prepared was 10 m X 10 m. Data collected during the study were: plant height, soil moisture content of the soil, irrigation depth and biomass yield. To determine the ETc of the fodder crops, water balance method was used. Kc of desho grass and oats & vetch fodder crops were computed from measured ETc and ETo which was calculated from weather data.
Analysen zur Rolle von Preprints in der Verbreitung und Rezeption von Forschungsergebnissen
Creators: name: Biesenbender, Kristin
name: Peters, Isabella
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Preprints
Open Access
Research Impact
Zitationsverhalten
Altmetrics
Publikationsverhalten

description: Impulsvortrag im Workshop "Open-Access-Analysen für die Praxis" auf den Open-Access-Tagen am 19.9.2022 in Bern.
description: Diese Arbeit wurde im Rahmen des BMBF-Projekts OASE unter den Förderkennzeichen 16PU17005A und 16PU17005B gefördert. Weitere Informationen zu OASE finden Sie unter http://www.zbw.eu/de/forschung/web-science/oase/.
description: {"references": ["Fraser, N., Momeni, F., Mayr, P., & Peters, I. (2020). The relationship between bioRxiv preprints, citations and altmetrics. Quantitative Science Studies, 1(2), 618\u2013638. https://doi.org/10.1162/qss_a_00043", "Fraser, N., Mayr, P., & Peters, I. (2021). Motivations, demotivations and selection biases when posting preprints: A survey of bioRxiv authors. Preprint: https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.09.07.459259v1 (accepted PloS ONE)", "Biesenbender, K., & Peters, I. (2022). Researchers' Attitudes Towards Publishing and Citing Preprints \u2013 Side Paths to Open Access. Poster: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7043107"]}
Effective Stabilized Self-Training on Few-Labeled Graph Data
Creators: name: Zhou, Ziang
name: Shi, Jieming
name: Zhang, Shengzhong
name: Huang, Zengfeng
name: Li, Qing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Graph neural networks (GNNs) are designed for semi-supervised node classification on graphs where only a subset of nodes have class labels. However, under extreme cases when very few labels are available (e.g., 1 labeled node per class), GNNs suffer from severe performance degradation. Specifically, we observe that existing GNNs suffer from unstable training process on few-labeled graphs, resulting to inferior performance on node classification. Therefore, we propose an effective framework, Stabilized Self-Training (SST), which is applicable to existing GNNs to handle the scarcity of labeled data, and consequently, boost classification accuracy. We conduct thorough empirical and theoretical analysis to support our findings and motivate the algorithmic designs in SST. We apply SST to two popular GNN models GCN and DAGNN, to get SSTGCN and SSTDA methods respectively, and evaluate the two methods against 10 competitors over 5 benchmarking datasets. Extensive experiments show that the proposed SST framework is highly effective, especially when few labeled data are available. Our methods achieve superior performance under almost all settings over all datasets. For instance, on a Cora dataset with only 1 labeled node per class, the accuracy of SSTGCN is 62.5%, 17.9% higher than GCN, and the accuracy of SSTDA is 66.4%, which outperforms DAGNN by 6.6%.
description: 34 pages
On the asymptotic behaviour of semigroups for flows in infinite networks
Creators: name: Dobrick, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35B40, 47D06, 35R02, 35F46

description: We study transport processes on infinite networks. The solution of these processes can be modeled by an operator semigroup on a suitable Banach space. Classically, such semigroups are strongly continuous and therefore their asymptotic behaviour is quite well understood. However, recently new examples of transport processes emerged where the corresponding semigroup is not strongly continuous. Due to this lack of strong continuity, there are currently only few results on the long-term behaviour of these semigroups. In this paper, we discuss the asymptotic behaviour for a certain class of these transport processes. In particular, it is proved that the solution semigroups behave asymptotically periodic with respect to the operator norm as a consequence of a more general result on the long-term behaviour by positive semigroups containing a multiplication operator. Furthermore, we revisit known results on the asymptotic behaviour of transport processes on infinite networks and prove the asymptotic periodicity of their extensions to the space of bounded measures.
description: Correction of typos, rewritten introduction, some further simplifications of arguments, strengthened main result -- final version
Rhetorical imperatives: expressing anti-preferences
Creators: name: Ihara, Shun
name: Asano, Mana
Publisher: name: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung
Year: 2020

description: Almost all studies of rhetorical speech acts have exclusively focused on questions so far (Caponigro & Sprouse 2007, Biezma & Rawlins 2017, among others). This paper provides a detailed investigation of what we call Rhetorical Imperatives (RhIs). The hallmark of RhIs is that despite their imperative form without any negation, the speaker does not demand an action but rather conveys a flavor of a prohibition. In this paper, we propose that RhIs are imperatives that signal that content of a clause is already common-grounded in parallel to rhetorical questions, and that the speaker of a RhI has an anti-preference for the uttered content over alternatives.
description: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung, Vol 24 No 1 (2020): Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung 24
Constraint on the chemical potentials of hydrogen and proton in recombination
Creators: name: Sales, L. L.
name: Carvalho, F. C.
name: Souza, H. T. C. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we revisit the hydrogen recombination history from a novel perspective: the evolution of chemical potentials. We derive expressions for the chemical potentials, which depend on the thermal bath temperature and the ionization degree of the universe. Our main finding reveals a constraint between the chemical potentials of hydrogen and proton at $z\approx 1200$ when the free electron fraction is $X_e\approx 1/3$. Furthermore, we present important data on the chemical potentials during recombination, highlighting the differences between the predictions of the Peebles' and CosmoRec code solutions. Finally, we discuss a particular case related to the chemical potential of hydrogen.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Lower bounds on Anderson-localised eigenfunctions on a strip
Creators: name: Goldsheid, Ilya
name: Sodin, Sasha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: It is known that the eigenfunctions of a random Schrödinger operator on a strip decay exponentially, and that the rate of decay is not slower than prescribed by the slowest Lyapunov exponent. A variery of heuristic arguments suggest that no eigenfunction can decay faster than at this rate. We make a step towards this conjecture (in the case when the distribution of the potential is regular enough) by showing that, for each eigenfunction, the rate of exponential decay along any subsequence is strictly slower than the fastest Lyapunov exponent, and that there exists a subsequence along which it is equal to the slowest Lyapunov exponent.
description: 19 pages. v2: minor corrections
States with identical steady dissipation rate: Role of kinetic constants in enzyme catalysis
Creators: name: Banerjee, Kinshuk
name: Bhattacharyya, Kamal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A non-equilibrium steady state is characterized by a non-zero steady dissipation rate. Chemical reaction systems under suitable conditions may generate such states. We propose here a method that is able to distinguish states with identical values of the steady dissipation rate. This necessitates a study of the variation of the entropy production rate with the experimentally observable reaction rate in regions close to the steady states. As an exactly-solvable test case, we choose the problem of enzyme catalysis. Link of the total entropy production with the enzyme efficiency is also established, offering a desirable connection with the inherent irreversibility of the process. The chief outcomes are finally noted in a more general reaction network with numerical demonstrations.
description: 17 pages, 7 figures
A fast iterative algorithm for near-diagonal eigenvalue problems
Creators: name: Kenmoe, Maseim
name: Kriemann, Ronald
name: Smerlak, Matteo
name: Zadorin, Anton S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65F15

description: We introduce a novel eigenvalue algorithm for near-diagonal matrices inspired by Rayleigh-Schrödinger perturbation theory and termed Iterative Perturbative Theory (IPT). Contrary to standard eigenvalue algorithms, which are either 'direct' (to compute all eigenpairs) or 'iterative' (to compute just a few), IPT computes any number of eigenpairs with the same basic iterative procedure. Thanks to this perfect parallelism, IPT proves more efficient than classical methods (LAPACK or CUSOLVER for the full-spectrum problem, preconditioned Davidson solvers for extremal eigenvalues). We give sufficient conditions for linear convergence and demonstrate performance on dense and sparse test matrices, including one from quantum chemistry.
A vagueness based analysis of abstract nouns
Creators: name: Husić, Halima
Publisher: name: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung
Year: 2020

description: The count/mass distinction is a widely discussed topic across languages and linguistic theories have covered a great part of peculiarities which appear in relation to this phe- nomenon. Abstract nouns have often been left out of consideration, possibly due to the fact that their reference is abstract and the application of some relevant features of count or mass reference, such as cumulativity, divisiveness or atomicity, does not seem to be possible. This paper presents a thorough study of lexical features of a subset of abstract nouns and their distribution in COCA which suggests that countability in abstract nouns has to be determined relative to their semantic category. Focusing on eventuality denoting nominals which comprise a substantial part of abstract nouns, I argue that these nouns resemble concrete nouns in that the countability distinctions are expressed in surprising similarity. I find that the core feature underlying the distinction between abstract count and abstract mass nouns is the vagueness of the minimal components, an approach pursued by Chierchia (2010) for concrete nouns. The minimal components of the count eventualities appear to be stable in all precisifications, unlike those of mass eventualities which are not determined and vary.
description: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung, Vol 24 No 1 (2020): Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung 24
Long-range correlations in proton-nucleus collisions in MC model with string fusion
Creators: name: Kovalenko, Vladimir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The study of long-range correlations between observables in two rapidity windows was proposed as a signature of the string fusion and percolation phenomenon. In the present work we calculate the correlation functions and coefficients for p-Pb collisions in the framework of the Monte Carlo string-parton model, based on the picture of elementary collisions of color dipoles. It describes pA and AA scattering without referring to the Glauber picture of independent nucleons collisions and includes effects of string fusion. Different types of correlations are considered: n-n, pt-n, pt-pt, where n is the event multiplicity of charged particles in a given rapidity window and pt is their mean transverse momentum. The results, obtained in the present work for p-Pb collisions, are compared with available experimental results for pt-n correlations in one window and further predictions are made.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, to appear in proc. Esp-Rus2013
Non-loose negative torus knots
Creators: name: Matkovič, Irena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57K33, 57K18

description: We study Legendrian and transverse realizations of the negative torus knots $T_{(p,-q)}$ in all contact structures on the $3$-sphere. We give a complete classification of the strongly non-loose transverse realizations and the strongly non-loose Legendrian realizations with the Thurston-Bennequin invariant smaller than $-pq$. Additionally, we show that the strongly non-loose transverse realizations $T$ are classified by their non-zero invariants $\mathfrak T(T)$ in the minus version of the knot Floer homology. However, not all the elements of $HFK^-(T_{(p,q)})$ can be realized. Along the way, we relate our Legendrian realizations to the tight contact structures on the Legendrian surgeries along them. Specifically, we realize all tight structures on the lens spaces $L(pq+1,p^2)$ as a single Legendrian surgery on a Legendrian $T_{(p,-q)}$, and we relate transverse realizations in overtwisted structures to the non-fillable tight structures on the large negative surgeries along the underlying knots.
description: 17 pages, 3 figures. To appear in Quantum Topol
Restriction on evidence in evidentiality: the part-whole relation between situations
Creators: name: Hirayama, Yuto
Publisher: name: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung
Year: 2020

description: Evidentials are traditionally defined as linguistic expressions that designate the specific type of evidence that the speaker has for the utterance (Willett, 1988; Aikhenvald, 2004). This paper deals with three indirect evidentials, the English adverb apparently, raising verb seem, and the Japanese auxiliary yooda. These three evidentials are not always felicitous even if the speaker has indirect evidence. This means that some semantic restriction is at work, in- dependent of evidence-type specification. This paper raises empirical problems for previous studies on evidence encoded by evidentials (McCready and Ogata, 2007; McCready, 2014; Takubo, 2009; Krawczyk, 2012; Davis and Hara, 2014; Hirayama, to appear), and proposes an alternative account based on situation semantics (Kratzer, 2012; Elbourne, 2013).
description: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung, Vol 24 No 1 (2020): Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung 24
An ALMA Continuum Survey of Circumstellar Disks in the Upper Scorpius OB Association
Creators: name: Carpenter, John M.
name: Ricci, Luca
name: Isella, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present ALMA 880 micron continuum observations of 20 K and M-type stars in the Upper Scorpius OB association that are surrounded by protoplanetary disks. These data are used to measure the dust content in disks around low mass stars (0.1-1.6 Msun) at a stellar age of 5-11 Myr. Thirteen sources were detected in the 880 micron dust continuum at >3 sigma with inferred dust masses between 0.3 and 52 Mearth. The dust masses tend to be higher around the more massive stars, but the significance is marginal in that the probability of no correlation is p ~ 0.03. The evolution in the dust content in disks was assessed by comparing the Upper Sco observations with published continuum measurements of disks around ~ 1-2 Myr stars in the Class II stage in the Taurus molecular cloud. While the dust masses in the Upper Sco disks are on average lower than in Taurus, any difference in the dust mass distributions is significant at less than 3sigma. For stellar masses between 0.49 Msun and 1.6 Msun, the mean dust mass in disks is lower in Upper Sco relative to Taurus by Delta log Mdust = 0.44 +/-0.26.
description: Accepted by ApJ
Salem numbers, spectral radii and growth rates of hyperbolic Coxeter groups
Creators: name: Kellerhals, Ruth
name: Liechti, Livio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20F55, 11R06, 22E40, 11K16

description: We show that not every Salem number appears as the growth rate of a cocompact hyperbolic Coxeter group. We also give a new proof of the fact that the growth rates of planar hyperbolic Coxeter groups are spectral radii of Coxeter transformations, and show that this need not be the case for growth rates of hyperbolic tetrahedral Coxeter groups.
description: 24 pages, 3 figures
Association between population distribution and urban GDP scaling
Creators: name: Ribeiro, Haroldo V.
name: Oehlers, Milena
name: Moreno-Monroy, Ana I.
name: Kropp, Jurgen P.
name: Rybski, Diego
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Urban scaling and Zipf's law are two fundamental paradigms for the science of cities. These laws have mostly been investigated independently and are often perceived as disassociated matters. Here we present a large scale investigation about the connection between these two laws using population and GDP data from almost five thousand consistently-defined cities in 96 countries. We empirically demonstrate that both laws are tied to each other and derive an expression relating the urban scaling and Zipf exponents. This expression captures the average tendency of the empirical relation between both exponents, and simulations yield very similar results to the real data after accounting for random variations. We find that while the vast majority of countries exhibit increasing returns to scale of urban GDP, this effect is less pronounced in countries with fewer small cities and more metropolises (small Zipf exponent) than in countries with a more uneven number of small and large cities (large Zipf exponent). Our research puts forward the idea that urban scaling does not solely emerge from intra-city processes, as population distribution and scaling of urban GDP are correlated to each other.
description: 17 pages, 3 figures, supplementary information; accepted for publication in PLoS ONE
Cumulative readings of modified numerals: A plural projection approach
Creators: name: Haslinger, Nina
name: Schmitt, Viola
Publisher: name: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung
Year: 2020

description: This paper addresses cumulative readings of modified-numeral DPs (MNs) like exactly two boys. Based on new German data, we argue that MNs are interpreted in situ in cumulative sentences, while the maximality condition contributed by the numeral modifier can take wider scope. We present an analysis that combines the Plural Projection system (Schmitt, 2019 a.o.), a surface-compositional approach to cumulativity, with a two-dimensional semantics for the numeral modifiers (Krifka, 1999 a.o.) and derives widest scope for the maximality condition. We then discuss ‘non-maximal’ readings of MNs (Buccola and Spector, 2016). We show that the availability of such readings depends on the syntactic positions of the MNs, which supports the idea that they are interpreted in situ, and sketch a way of deriving this fact.
description: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung, Vol 24 No 1 (2020): Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung 24
Hydra I: An extensible multi-source-finder comparison and cataloguing tool
Creators: name: Boyce, M. M.
name: Hopkins, A. M.
name: Riggi, S.
name: Rudnick, L.
name: Ramsay, M.
name: Hale, C. L.
name: Marvil, J.
name: Whiting, M.
name: Venkataraman, P.
name: O'Dea, C. P.
name: Baum, S. A.
name: Gordon, Y. A.
name: Vantyghem, A. N.
name: Dionyssiou, M.
name: Andernach, H.
name: Collier, J. D.
name: English, J.
name: Koribalski, B. S.
name: Leahy, D.
name: Michałowski, M. J.
name: Safi-Harb, S.
name: Vaccari, M.
name: Alexander, E.
name: Cowley, M.
name: Kapinska, A. D.
name: Robotham, A. S. G.
name: Tang, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: D.2.4; D.2.6; D.2.8; D.2.10; D.2.11; D.2.13

description: The latest generation of radio surveys are now producing sky survey images containing many millions of radio sources. In this context it is highly desirable to understand the performance of radio image source finder (SF) software and to identify an approach that optimises source detection capabilities. We have created Hydra to be an extensible multi-SF and cataloguing tool that can be used to compare and evaluate different SFs. Hydra, which currently includes the SFs Aegean, Caesar, ProFound, PyBDSF, and Selavy, provides for the addition of new SFs through containerisation and configuration files. The SF input RMS noise and island parameters are optimised to a 90\% ''percentage real detections'' threshold (calculated from the difference between detections in the real and inverted images), to enable comparison between SFs. Hydra provides completeness and reliability diagnostics through observed-deep ($\mathcal{D}$) and generated-shallow ($\mathcal{S}$) images, as well as other statistics. In addition, it has a visual inspection tool for comparing residual images through various selection filters, such as S/N bins in completeness or reliability. The tool allows the user to easily compare and evaluate different SFs in order to choose their desired SF, or a combination thereof. This paper is part one of a two part series. In this paper we introduce the Hydra software suite and validate its $\mathcal{D/S}$ metrics using simulated data. The companion paper demonstrates the utility of Hydra by comparing the performance of SFs using both simulated and real images.
description: Paper accepted for publication in PASA