cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Nucleon Resonance Structure Studies Via Exclusive KY Electroproduction
Creators: name: Carman, Daniel S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Studying the structure of excited nucleon states employing the electroproduction of exclusive reactions is an important avenue for exploring the nature of the non-perturbative strong interaction. The electrocouplings of $N^*$ states in the mass range below 1.8~GeV have been determined from analyses of CLAS $πN$, $ηN$, and $ππN$ data. This work has made it clear that consistent results from independent analyses of several exclusive channels with different couplings and non-resonant backgrounds but the same $N^*$ electro-excitation amplitudes, is essential to have confidence in the extracted results. In terms of hadronic coupling, many high-lying $N^*$ states preferentially decay through the $ππN$ channel instead of $πN$. Data from the $KY$ channels will therefore be critical to provide an independent analysis to compare the extracted electrocouplings for the high-lying $N^*$ states against those determined from the $πN$ and $ππN$ channels. A program to study excited $N^*$ state structure in both non-strange and strange exclusive electroproduction channels using CLAS12 will measure differential cross sections and polarization observables to be used as input to extract the $γ_vNN^*$ electrocoupling amplitudes for the most prominent $N^*$ states in the range of invariant energy $W$ up 3~GeV in the virtually unexplored domain of momentum transfers $Q^2$ up to 12~GeV$^2$.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures. Proceedings from ECT* Workshop on Nucleon Resonances: From Photoproduction to High Photon Virtualities. Oct. 12-16, 2015. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1511.07219
Biometric Censoring Skin Conductance Response and Pupillary Response Using Touch Pad
Creators: name: Isiaka, Fatima
Publisher: name: International Journal of Artificial Intelligence and Cognitive Psychology
Year: 2024

description: In the actual sense, the skin tells us a lot about our emotions, our skin gives out a lot of information about what we feel and responds to stimuli when exposed to emotionally loaded stimuli inform of video content, images, events, and other kinds of stimuli. They give both positive and negative emotions depending on what we are involved in. During stress and nervous or fearful situations, we are automatically psyched up or surprised. The electrical conductivity of the skin subtly changes in reaction to such emotion. One of the most sensitive measures for emotional arousal is the skin conductance response (SCR) and pupil dilation (PD). This paper demonstrates the logical design behind their mechanism and how it can be used to measure the emotional response and physiological responses of a person by expurgating its response measure. The method adopted uses a novel method of design in a custom-based logic scheme that illustrates the logic and its mechanism. Custom intelligent analytics that is mobile inclined is used to visualise and analyse thephysiological readings by detecting tonic and phasic changes using Savistki Golay filter. The error in physiological response prediction is computed for each response rate and discussed in the result section.
Impact of Different Annealing Steps on the Interstitial Iron Concentration in Solar-Grade Czochralski Silicon
Creators: name: Lauer, K.
name: Laades, A.
name: Lawerenz, A.
name: Neckermann, K.
name: Sidelnicov, A.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Materials and Cells

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 2344-2347
description: We investigate the variation of the interstitial iron content in CZ silicon wafers, which exhibit
increased interstitial iron content, during different annealing steps. In particular, phosphorous diffusion gettering is
studied experimentally and by simulations. Applying a slow cooling ramp after phosphorous diffusion, an additional
reduction of the interstitial iron content by a factor of ten is found. With increasing phosphorous diffusion time
slightly increasing interstitial iron content is observed. The iron solubility integral in the phosphorous doped region
increases with increasing phosphorous diffusion temperature and is correlated to the reciprocal sheet resistance.
Supplementary document for Thin film structural color is widespread in slime molds (Myxomycetes, Amoebozoa) - 6793529.pdf
Creators: name: Bauernfeind, Viola
name: Ronikier, Anna
name: Ronikier, Michal
name: Kozlowski, Gregor
name: Steiner, Ullrich
name: Wilts, Bodo
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2024
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supplemental Document 1
Coherent emission of atomic soliton pairs by Feshbach-resonance tuning
Creators: name: Michinel, Humberto
name: Paredes, Ángel
name: Valado, María M.
name: Feijoo, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present two simple designs of matter-wave beam splitters in a trapped Bose-Einstein Condensate (BEC). In our scheme, identical pairs of atomic solitons are produced by an adequate control --- in time and/or space --- of the scattering length. Our analysis is performed by numerical integration of the Gross-Pitaevskii equation and supported by several analytic estimates. Our results show that these devices can be implemented in the frame of current BEC experiments. The system has potential applications for the construction of a soliton interferometer.
On good morphisms of exact triangles
Creators: name: Christensen, J. Daniel
name: Frankland, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 18G80 (Primary) 55U35 (Secondary)

description: In a triangulated category, cofibre fill-ins always exist. Neeman showed that there is always at least one "good" fill-in, i.e., one whose mapping cone is exact. Verdier constructed a fill-in of a particular form in his proof of the $4 \times 4$ lemma, which we call "Verdier good". We show that for several classes of morphisms of exact triangles, the notions of good and Verdier good agree. We prove a lifting criterion for commutative squares in terms of (Verdier) good fill-ins. Using our results on good fill-ins, we also prove a pasting lemma for homotopy cartesian squares.
description: v3: Minor changes. Accepted for publication in the Journal of Pure and Applied Algebra
A note on stability shifting for the Muskat problem II: Stable to Unstable and back to Stable
Creators: name: Córdoba, Diego
name: Gómez-Serrano, Javier
name: Zlatoš, Andrej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this note, we show that there exist solutions of the Muskat problem which shift stability regimes in the following sense: they start stable, then become unstable, and finally return back to the stable regime. This proves existence of double stability shifting in the direction opposite to the one shown in [Córdoba, Gómez-Serrano, Zlatoš, A note on stability shifting for the Muskat problem. Phil. Trans. Roy. Soc. A, 373 (20140278), 2015]
description: 9 pages, plus 3 appendices of 15 pages, approx. 10.000 lines of code
Properties of Silicon Carbide Nitride Layers Deposited with Organosilicon Precursor on Silicon Solar Cells
Creators: name: Cojocaru, A.
name: Quoizola, S.
name: Hernandez, E.
name: Massines, F.
name: Thomas, L.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Materials and Cells

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 2101-2106
description: In this work, silicon carbide nitride (SiCN:H) antireflection and passivating coatings realized by plasma
enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) of tetramethylsilane (TMS) / ammonia mixtures are discussed. The
PECVD process parameters (pressure, total flow, precursor ratio, power, plasma modulation and deposition temperature)
were varied in order to obtain homogeneous and thermally stable coatings with convenient optical index and enhanced
passivating properties. The optical index and the deposition velocity are given by ellipsometry measurements and a
discussion of the films chemical structure from infrared spectrometry is proposed. Lifetime measurements are made on
p+nn+ structures realised on 5 inches polycrystalline n-type wafers.
Deliverable 7.1: Pilots Monitoring & Evaluation Initial Progress
Creators: name: Fernando, Burgoa
name: Cristina, Parrado Nunez
name: Alicia, Aguado
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Linked to T7.1 Provides the Pilots Deployment and testing plan for the CircThread projects including as outcomes: a detailed deployment plan for each of the three pilots including which services will be used when and by whom for what purposes and at what time, the management structure of each of the pilots with responsibilities with risks and contingencies and mitigation steps, and a deployment plan in terms of the planning steps, procurement needs and communications for tests to be carried out, and an overview of the testing procedures and KPIs to be provided from each tests for benchmarking. Finally, it will include the performance monitoring & evaluation framework for monitoring, feedback, evaluation and adaptation of the plan, and a description of the helpdesk that is setup during the task for debugging.
One-Step Screen-Printing Metallization Forming High Aspect Ratio Grid Lines on Crystalline Solar Cells
Creators: name: Gao, X.
name: Prunchak, R.
name: Kleine Jäger, F.
name: Hermes, S.
name: Ebong, A.
name: Rohatgi, A.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Materials and Cells

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 2360-2363
description: Crystalline silicon solar cells need highly conductive current collectors on the front surface to decrease series
resistance, improve fill factor and efficiency. Screen-printing has been proven to be a cost-effective technology for such
purpose. However it has been challenging to produce narrow and tall grid lines without the aid of multiple-step-process, such
as screen-printing a seed layer followed by electroplating of silver. BASF has been able to further improve the rheological
properties of the CypoSolTM metallization paste materials and demonstrate tall and fine grid lines in one step screen-printing.
As a result, the enhanced fill factor and short circuit current have led to improved solar cell efficiency on high sheet
resistance emitters. The newly developed front side silver paste yields a high line aspect ratio of more than 0.5, which results
in an absolute gain in cell efficiency of more than 0.3%.
Simulation of Light In-Coupling at Oblique Angles in Thin-Film Silicon Solar Cells
Creators: name: Pflaum, C.
name: Haase, C.
name: Stiebig, H.
name: Jandl, C.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Thin Films Solar Cells
Amorphous and Microcrystalline Silicon Solar Cells

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 2310-2312
description: The conversion efficiency of thin-film silicon solar cells is significant affected by their nanostructure.
The established methods to simulate thin-film solar cells are usually for perpendicular incident waves, only.
However, real outdoor conditions often lead to oblique incident sunlight. Hence, the structure of the solar cell must
be optimized, to obtain a high efficiency for oblique incident angles. It is well-known that a periodic pyramidal
geometry of the interfaces leads to a high quantum efficiency. Therefore, we perform 3-dimensional simulations of
thin-film silicon solar cells with a pyramidal structure. To this end a simulation tool based on the finite difference
time domain (FDTD) method for solving Maxwell's equations is developed. Parallel computations on high
performance computers are needed to meet the large computational requirements.
Mesoscopic architecture enhances communication across the Macaque connectome revealing structure-function correspondence in the brain
Creators: name: Pathak, Anand
name: Menon, Shakti N.
name: Sinha, Sitabhra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Analyzing the brain in terms of organizational structures at intermediate scales provides an approach to negotiate the complexity arising from interactions between its large number of components. Focusing on a wiring diagram that spans the cortex, basal ganglia and thalamus of the Macaque brain, we provide a mesoscopic-level description of the topological architecture of one of the most well-studied mammalian connectomes. The robust modules we identify each comprise densely inter-connected cortical and sub-cortical areas that play complementary roles in executing specific cognitive functions. We find that physical proximity between areas is insufficient to explain the modular organization, as similar mesoscopic structures can be obtained even after factoring out the effect of distance constraints on the connectivity. We observe that the distribution profile of brain areas, classified in terms of their intra- and inter-modular connectivity, is conserved across the principal cortical subdivisions, as well as, sub-cortical structures. In particular provincial hubs, which have significantly higher number of connections with members of their module, but relatively less well-connected to other modules, are the only class that exhibits homophily, i.e., a discernible preference to connect to each other. By considering a process of diffusive propagation we demonstrate that this architecture, instead of localizing the activity, facilitates rapid communication across the connectome. By supplementing the topological information about the Macaque connectome with physical locations, volumes and functions of the constituent areas and analyzing this augmented dataset, we reveal a counter-intuitive role played by the modular architecture of the brain in promoting global interaction.
description: 13 pages, 3 figures + 27 pages Supplementary Information
Performance of Concentrix CPV Systems in Different Climates
Creators: name: Gombert, A.
name: Gerstmaier, T.
name: Röttger, M.
name: Schulz-Gericke, J.
name: Van Riesen, S.
name: Faiman, D.
name: Strobach, U.
name: Melnichak, V.
name: Kabalo, S.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics : New Concepts and Ultra-High Efficiency
Terrestrial Concentrator Systems

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 713-716
description: Concentrix modules are based on III-V triple-junction cells, a Fresnel lens array with a relatively small
single lens aperture of 5 square inches, and a cover and bottom plate made out of glass. The first power plants were
built in Europe in 2008, later installations followed in the US, in the Middle and Far East and in Africa. This paper
gives an overview of the performance of Soitec’s CPV systems with special focus on reliability and degradation, the
different climatic conditions and their impact on system performance and soiling effects in a desert environment.
Real-Time Analytics of Multimodal Physiological Measures Based on Cognitive Assessment
Creators: name: Isiaka, Fatima
name: Zainab, Adamu
Publisher: name: International Journal of Human Computer Interaction and Cognitive Modelling
Year: 2024

description: Cognitive models are computational programs that simulate human performance, using integrated metrics, an example of which are physiological metrics that measure user emotional response. They are most useful in Human-computer Interaction (HCI) for predicting task times and performance; the result is mostly assisting users and also acting as immediate surrogate users. Models would also be easier to operate and apply if cognitive models interact with the same interfaces that the users interact with. This paper develops a cognitive assessment model by encapsulating operating procedures as an interface management system, with an integrated multimodal physiological measure sensor (Skin conductance response, Skin temperature, and Pupil dilation), this is analogous and similar to a user interface management system (UIMS). We present an experimental setup where the model is used to analyse user physiological response to visual activities and demonstrates its correlates to user cognitive response on the cognitive assessment system by basic annotation of response point to task performance. The system has a multi-accessibility function for user and evaluator access. This will help to exploit the synergy in the discipline of cognitive assessment modeling and HCI.
A soft robot that adapts to environments through shape change
Creators: name: Shah, Dylan S.
name: Powers, Joshua P.
name: Tilton, Liana G.
name: Kriegman, Sam
name: Bongard, Josh
name: Kramer-Bottiglio, Rebecca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Many organisms, including various species of spiders and caterpillars, change their shape to switch gaits and adapt to different environments. Recent technological advances, ranging from stretchable circuits to highly deformable soft robots, have begun to make shape-changing robots a possibility. However, it is currently unclear how and when shape change should occur, and what capabilities could be gained, leading to a wide range of unsolved design and control problems. To begin addressing these questions, here we simulate, design, and build a soft robot that utilizes shape change to achieve locomotion over both a flat and inclined surface. Modeling this robot in simulation, we explore its capabilities in two environments and demonstrate the existence of environment-specific shapes and gaits that successfully transfer to the physical hardware. We found that the shape-changing robot traverses these environments better than an equivalent but non-morphing robot, in simulation and reality.
description: 25 Pages, 5 figures. Published at Nature Machine Intelligence, Vol. 2. (2020). For definitive version, see https://rdcu.be/cbuUW
Predicting Optimal Arousal of Affect State to Virtual Scene.
Creators: name: Isiaka, Fatima
Publisher: name: Advancement in Human Computer Interaction and Human Physiological Modelling
Year: 2024

description: Research in affective computing is now offering the design of closedloopsystems that offer real-time assessment and manipulation of theusers’ affective state and cognitive response by developing adaptive environmentsthat respond based on a rational and strategic scheme forreal-time changes in both affective and cognitive incentives. The mainaim is to lead the users to sub-optimal cognitive and affective statesbased on an optimal state that augments user performance. This paperexpurgates the optimal arousal and classification of users’ affectivestate through a virtual scene in time by creating a module that utilises atouch screen for reading the emotional response of the users based on themoisture content in reaction to virtual stimuli. A closed-loop analytictool was designed for analysis and reads the physiological response (Skinconductance response (SCR), Skin temperature (ST)) and its correlatesto user activity. The optimal and tonic phase of the Electro-dermal activity(EDA) (SCR) can be detected by activating the command buttonsholding the modules and input parameters. Error in EDA on optimalparameter predictions was computed and discussed in the result section.
Photonic Simulation of Entanglement Growth After a Spin Chain Quench
Creators: name: Pitsios, Ioannis
name: Banchi, Leonardo
name: Rab, Adil S.
name: Bentivegna, Marco
name: Caprara, Debora
name: Crespi, Andrea
name: Spagnolo, Nicolò
name: Bose, Sougato
name: Mataloni, Paolo
name: Osellame, Roberto
name: Sciarrino, Fabio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The time evolution of quantum many-body systems is one of the least understood frontiers of physics. The most curious feature of such dynamics is, generically, the growth of quantum entanglement with time to an amount proportional to the system size (volume law) even when the interactions are local. This phenomenon, unobserved to date, has great ramifications for fundamental issues such as thermalisation and black-hole formation, while its optimisation clearly has an impact on technology (e.g., for on-chip quantum networking). Here we use an integrated photonic chip to simulate the dynamics of a spin chain, a canonical many-body system. A digital approach is used to engineer the evolution so as to maximise the generation of entanglement. The resulting volume law growth of entanglement is certified by constructing a second chip, which simultaneously measures the entanglement between multiple distant pairs of simulated spins. This is the first experimental verification of the volume law and opens up the use of photonic circuits as a unique tool for the optimisation of quantum devices.
description: 8+14 pages, 4+9 figures
PECVD Cluster for Manufacturing Gen 5 Silicon Thin Film Tandem Solar Cells
Creators: name: Geisler, M.
name: Beckmann, R.
name: Grabosch, G.
name: Hegemann, T.
name: Merz, T.
name: Röder, M.
name: Rost, H.
name: Zeuner, A.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Thin Films Solar Cells
Amorphous and Microcrystalline Silicon Solar Cells

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 2324-2327
description: The purpose of the work reported was to obtain a vacuum technical system to industrially deposit the
amorphous top and the microcrystalline bottom cell of thin film silicon tandem cells over the area of 1.1 m by 1.4 m.
The design principle of the system is a substrate carrier free, linear cluster with vertically oriented substrates
characterized by a linearly extended handling tunnel for the handling shuttle. Along the handling tunnel load locks
and parallel process chambers are connected via high vacuum valves. By this design all relevant process features like
precise discharge gap, substrate temperature, zero cross contamination among process chambers, and cleanliness
support the manufacturing of very uniform amorphous and especially microcrystalline hydrogenated silicon layers.
Thanks to high redundancy and exchangeability of the process chambers a very high continuity of this linear cluster’s
operation can be achieved. Since the handling tunnel is comprised of modular sections the linear cluster can easily be
extended for adding more process chambers, this way keeping pace with future needs for additional layers within the
cell’s layer stack. Promising preliminary results regarding solar modules produced with the system are presented.
Analytical models for the asymmetric wake of vertical axis wind turbines
Creators: name: Ouro, Pablo
name: Lazennec, Maxime
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Arrays of Vertical Axis Wind Turbines (VAWTs) can achieve larger power generation per land area than horizontal axis turbines farms, due to the positive synergy between VATs in close proximity. Theoretical wake models enable the reliable design of the array layout that maximises the energy output, which need to depict the driving wake dynamics. VAWTs generate a highly complex wake that evolves according to two governing length-scales, namely the turbine rotor's diameter and height which define a rectangular shape of the wake cross-section, and feature distinct wake expansion rates. This paper presents analytical VAWT wake models that account for an asymmetric distribution of such wake expansion adopting a top-hat and Gaussian velocity deficit distribution. Our proposed analytical Gaussian model leads to an enhanced initial wake expansion prediction with the wake width ($\varepsilon$) behind the rotor equal to $(β/4 π)^{1/2}$ with $β$ being the ratio of initial wake area to the VAWT's frontal area, which addresses the limitations of previous models that under-predicted the wake onset area. Velocity deficit predictions are calculated in a series of numerical benchmarks consisting of a single and an array of four in-line vertical axis wind turbines. In comparisons with field data and large-eddy simulations, our models provide a good accuracy to represent the mean wake distribution, maximum velocity deficit, and momentum thickness, with the Gaussian model attaining the best predictions.These models will aid to drive the design of VAT arrays and accelerate this technology.
description: 22 pages, 8 figures
The Langevin equation for systems with a preferred spatial direction
Creators: name: Belousov, Roman
name: Cohen, E. G. D.
name: Rondoni, Lamberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we generalize the theory of Brownian motion and the Onsager-Machlup theory of fluctuations for spatially symmetric systems to equilibrium and nonequilibrium steady-state systems with a preferred spatial direction, due to an external force. To do this, we extend the Langevin equation to include a bias, which is introduced by the external force and alters the Gaussian structure of the system's fluctuations. By solving this extended equation, we demonstrate that the statistical properties of the fluctuations in these systems can be predicted from physical observables, such as the temperature and the hydrodynamic gradients.
description: 1 figure
Measuring and Scaling the Unpleasantness of PV-Inverter Sound Emissions Based on Psychoacoustic Metrics
Creators: name: Roos, M.
name: Henze, N.
name: Seeber, S.
name: Kurtze, L.
name: Ellermeier, W.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
Balance of System Components

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 3726-3729
description: PV inverters produce noise emissions which can generate complaints from people when installed in
buildings. At present, however, there is no adequate measure to estimate sound annoyance caused by PV inverters. To
assess the annoyance generated by inverter noise emissions, basic measurements and listening tests were performed
and a measure for the annoyance – unpleasantness - was scaled. Because the A-weighted sound pressure or sound
power level in dB(A) does not account for the subjective impact of noise characteristics, psychoacoustic metrics such
as loudness, sharpness and roughness were analysed and correlated with the scaled unpleasantness. The results show
that a linear combination of (binaural) loudness, roughness, and sharpness metrics account for more than 90% of the
variance in unpleasantness ratings, whereas A-weighted sound pressure level and other purely acoustical measures of
sound power or sound pressure performed poorly in this respect. Especially the influence of the cooling fans cannot
be represented by this measure. Thus, a reliable measure and test method may be developed to scale and predict the
unpleasantness of PV-inverter noise emissions, providing the designers with a measure to improve the sound
emissions of PV inverters during the development process. Customers and planers, on the other hand, would be able
to choose inverters suitable for different locations inside a building.
Using Performance Modeling and Field Data to Reduce Equipment and Energy Costs with Medium-CPV Systems
Creators: name: MacDonald, B.
name: Finot, M.
name: Karney, B.
name: Ignaut, B.
name: Wylie, C.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics : New Concepts and Ultra-High Efficiency
Terrestrial Concentrator Systems

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 694-698
description: The design of cost-efficient medium-concentration PV (MCPV) systems requires the analysis of
dozens of engineering, manufacturing and financial trade-offs. In 2007, Skyline Solar designed its first system,
the HGS1000, based on a 7x concentration factor and 0.5 m aperture width. At the then-current cost of
components, this was the optimum design. However, as the cost of silicon cells has fallen and the efficiency of
cells has improved, the least-cost point has moved. This paper explains how we used the combination of field
data and advanced performance modeling to re-optimize the design for lowest levelized cost of energy (LCOE)
and achieve 40% cost reduction.
Quantitative Determination of the Pairing Interactions for High Temperature Superconductivity in Cuprates
Creators: name: Bok, Jin Mo
name: Bae, Jong Ju
name: Choi, Han-Yong
name: Varma, Chandra M.
name: Zhang, Wentao
name: He, Junfeng
name: Zhang, Yuxiao
name: Yu, Li
name: Zhou, X. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A profound problem in modern condensed matter physics is discovering and understanding the nature of the fluctuations and their coupling to fermions in cuprates which lead to high temperature superconductivity and the invariably associated strange metal state. Here we report the quantitative determination of the normal and pairing self-energies, made possible by laser-based angle-resolved photoemission measurements with unprecedented accuracy and stability. Through a precise inversion procedure, both the effective interactions in the attractive d-wave symmetry and the repulsive part in the full symmetry are determined. The latter are nearly angle independent. Near Tc both interactions are nearly independent of frequency, and have almost the same magnitude, over the complete energy range of up to about 0.4 eV except for a low energy feature around 50 meV present only in the repulsive part which has less than 10% of the total spectral weight. Well below Tc, they both change similarly by superconductivity induced features at low energies. Besides finding the pairing self-energy and the attractive interactions for the first time, these results expose a central paradox of the high Tc problem: how the same frequency independent fluctuations can dominantly scatter at angles +-pi/2 in the attractive channel as well as lead to angle-independent repulsive scattering. The experimental results are compared with the available theoretical calculations based on antiferromagnetic fluctuations, Hubbard model and the quantum-critical fluctuations of loop-current order.
description: 41 Pages, 9 Figures, Including Supplementary Materials, Accepted in Science Advances
Influence of In-Plane Photocurrent Distribution on Output Power of Concentrator Photovoltaic Module Calculated by Total 3D Simulator
Creators: name: Ota, Y.
name: Nishioka, K.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics : New Concepts and Ultra-High Efficiency
Terrestrial Concentrator Systems

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 699-701
description: A 3-dimensional (3D) operating simulator for concentrator photovoltaic (CPV) module using triplejunction
solar cell was developed. By connecting 3D equivalent circuit simulation for triple-junction solar cell and
ray-trace simulation for optics model, the operating characteristics of CPV module were calculated. A typical flat
Fresnel lens and homogenizer were adapted to the optics model. The influence of angular misalignment on the
performance of CPV module was calculated. There was the correlation between the optical efficiency and Isc.
However, Pm was not correlated with these values, and was strongly dependent on photocurrent distribution. We can
use this total simulator for the evaluation and optimization considering from the light incidence to operating
characteristic of CPV modules.
Potential for Recoverable Power: Simulated Use of Distributed Power Converters at Various Levels in Partially Shaded Photovoltaic Arrays
Creators: name: MacAlpine, S.
name: Brandemuehl, M.
name: Erickson, R.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
Balance of System Components

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 3716-3720
description: The operating point of conventional grid-tied photovoltaic (PV) arrays is controlled at the central inverter
level, which leads to disproportionate power loss when an array is partially shaded. “Power optimizers,” electronic
devices which perform power conversion and maximum power point tracking (MPPT) at the sub-array level, have been
proposed to mitigate these losses. This work compares and analyzes the potential for recoverable power from these
devices if they are used at different levels in a partially shaded array, including at the string, module, substring (bypass
diode), or cell levels. Annual simulations are run varying climate, array size and configuration, and shade extent and
pattern. In addition, power recovery potential with power optimizers is compared to that if bypass diodes were
incorporated in the array at the cell level instead. Results show that potential for power recovery depends heavily on
array configuration and shade properties, though module and cell level optimizers provide substantially more added
benefit than those at the substring level. Cell-level bypass diodes also show good potential for increased energy capture.
Improved Photovoltaic Conversion Chain by Means of Adaptive Multi-Phase Converter
Creators: name: El Basri, Y.
name: Carrejo, C.
name: Alonso, C.
name: Estibals, B.
name: Vermeersch, M.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
Balance of System Components

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 3675-3679
description: In this paper, an Adaptive Multi-Phases Converter is used to improve the efficiency and reliability of a
photovoltaic power conversion chain. We present a control law which adapts the number of converter according to the power
production and guarantees also high conversion efficiency, even in the presence of a constantly changing operating point,
which is the principal characteristic of a photovoltaic system. The second control law consists in the rotation of phases of the
converter. This rotation guarantees a homogeneous work time, increasing the average life time of the converter.
Experimental test has shown the performance of this structure.
Physiological Metrics for Adult and Younger Users Based on a Cognitive Analytical Modeling
Creators: name: Isiaka, Fatima
name: Sophia, Al Sharji
Publisher: name: International Journal of Computer Science and Multidisciplinary Research
Year: 2024

description: Recent research has seen that cognitive load has been widely studied to help in understanding userperformance. Here we propose a framework for monitoring and detecting the cognitive load of usersby a non-invasive measure with a multimodal physiological sensor that records eyes-to-skin surface reaction.Fifty-five participants were recruited and engaged in a task that induced slightly different cognitive responsesranging from stress to relaxed mood. The result shows that the cognitive response was predicted based on control motor dynamics that can accurately detect user behavioural patterns with little error of 0.01%. Thisalso outperforms previous work and shows the reliability of the proposed model.
Existence of infinitely many solutions for a class of fractional Schrödinger equations in $\mathbb{R}^N$ with combined nonlinearities
Creators: name: Khoutir, Sofiane
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35R11, 35J20, 35J60

description: This paper is devoted to the following class of nonlinear fractional Schrödinger equations: \begin{equation*} (-Δ)^{s} u + V(x)u = f(x,u) + λg(x,u), \quad \text{in}\: \mathbb{R}^N, \end{equation*} where $s\in (0,1)$, $N>2s$, $(-Δ)^{s}$ stands for the fractional Laplacian, $λ\in \mathbb{R}$ is a parameter, $V\in C(\mathbb{R}^N,R)$, $f(x,u)$ is superlinear and $g(x,u)$ is sublinear with respect to $u$, respectively. We prove the existence of infinitely many high energy solutions of the aforementioned equation by means of the Fountain theorem. Some recent results are extended and sharply improved.
description: 15 pages, research paper
Finite Element Model for Thermal Analysis of a High-Concentration Modular CPV System
Creators: name: Gualdi, F.
name: Vincenzi, D.
name: Baricordi, S.
name: Pasquini, M.
name: Pozzetti, F.
name: Guidi, V.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics : New Concepts and Ultra-High Efficiency
Terrestrial Concentrator Systems

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 690-693
description: Aiming at assess and optimize the thermal budget during operative condition of an innovative modular point-focus
concentrating photovoltaic (CPV) system, a finite element thermal analysis have been carried out in this work. The CPV
system has been designed and developed at University of Ferrara, as a part of Europen APOLLON project. Each module is
comprised of a free-form 20 x 20 cm2 polycarbonate reflector and a secondary reflector in Cassegrain configuration. An
aluminum high reflection homogenizer is placed in front of the solar cell and provides a further concentration level. The
particular concentrating optic design offers unique possibility to tune the concentrating factor, ranging from 100x up to 400x,
while maintaining an outstanding evenness of the irradiance on the cells, only by selecting the aperture angle of the
aluminum homogeneizer. 3D simulations have been performed by means of a detailed finite element (FE) model in which
both structure and fluid element are included. Solar cell temperature has been simulated and optimized as a function of
thermal coupling technical solution with the heat sink. Heat transfer due to natural air convection induced by the thermal
buoyancy force inside the CPV enclosure has been also taken into account. Results predicts a quasi equilibrium temperature
of solar cell in operative conditions always under 80°C, even without any finned heat sink on the back of the module.
Effects of round-to-nearest and stochastic rounding in the numerical solution of the heat equation in low precision
Creators: name: Croci, Matteo
name: Giles, Michael B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Performance (cs.PF)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 65G50, 65G30, 65M06, 65M12, 65M15, 65M22, 65Y99, 65C20

description: Motivated by the advent of machine learning, the last few years have seen the return of hardware-supported low-precision computing. Computations with fewer digits are faster and more memory and energy efficient, but can be extremely susceptible to rounding errors. As shown by recent studies into reduced-precision climate simulations, an application that can largely benefit from the advantages of low-precision computing is the numerical solution of partial differential equations (PDEs). However, a careful implementation and rounding error analysis are required to ensure that sensible results can still be obtained. In this paper we study the accumulation of rounding errors in the solution of the heat equation, a proxy for parabolic PDEs, via Runge-Kutta finite difference methods using round-to-nearest (RtN) and stochastic rounding (SR). We demonstrate how to implement the scheme to reduce rounding errors and we derive \emph{a priori} estimates for local and global rounding errors. Let $u$ be the unit roundoff. While the worst-case local errors are $O(u)$ with respect to the discretization parameters (mesh size and timestep), the RtN and SR error behavior is substantially different. In fact, the RtN solution always stagnates for small enough $Δt$, and until stagnation the global error grows like $O(uΔt^{-1})$. In contrast, we show that the leading-order errors introduced by SR are zero-mean, independent in space and mean-independent in time, making SR resilient to stagnation and rounding error accumulation. In fact, we prove that for SR the global rounding errors are only $O(uΔt^{-1/4})$ in 1D and are essentially bounded (up to logarithmic factors) in higher dimensions.
description: 30 pages, 4 figures
Statistics of Farmers' Marketing and Purchasing Cooperatives, 1943-44 Marketing Season
Creators: name: Wanstall, Grace
name: Wanstall, Grace
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1945
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Farm Management
subject: Financial Economics
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Contents: Number of associations; Membership; Volume of dollar business; Significant trends; Cotton and cotton products; Dairy products; Fruits, vegetables, and nuts; Grain, dry beans, and rice; Livestock; Poultry and eggs; Wool and mohair; Miscellaneous; Farmers' purchasing associations; Basic statistics.
$\mathtt{ComEst}$: a Completeness Estimator of Source Extraction on Astronomical Imaging
Creators: name: Chiu, I-Non
name: Desai, Shantanu
name: Liu, Jiayi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The completeness of source detection is critical for analyzing the photometric and spatial properties of the population of interest observed by astronomical imaging. We present a software package $\mathtt{ComEst}$, which calculates the completeness of source detection on charge-coupled device (CCD) images of astronomical observations, especially for the optical and near-infrared (NIR) imaging of galaxies and point sources. The completeness estimator $\mathtt{ComEst}$ is designed for the source finder $\mathtt{SExtractor}$ used on the CCD images saved in the Flexible Image Transport System (FITS) format. Specifically, $\mathtt{ComEst}$ estimates the completeness of the source detection by deriving the detection rate of synthetic point sources and galaxies simulated on the observed CCD images. In order to capture any observational artifacts or noise properties while deriving the completeness, $\mathtt{ComEst}$ directly carries out the detection of simulated sources on the observed images. Given an observed CCD image saved in FITS format, $\mathtt{ComEst}$ derives the completeness of the source detection from end to end as a function of source flux (or magnitude) and CCD position. In addition, $\mathtt{ComEst}$ can also estimate the purity of the source detection by comparing the catalog of the detected sources to the input catalogs of the simulated sources. We run ComEst on the images from Blanco Cosmology Survey (BCS) and compare the derived completeness as a function of magnitude to the limiting magnitudes derived by using the Signal-to-Noise ratio (SNR) and number count histogram of the detected sources. $\mathtt{ComEst}$ is released as a Python package with an easy-to-use syntax and is publicly available at https://github.com/inonchiu/ComEst
description: This paper is dedicated to Chien-Ho Lin in Taiwan. Accepted for publication in Astronomy and Computing
Sub critical transition to turbulence in three-dimensional Kolmogorov flow
Creators: name: van Veen, Lennaert
name: Goto, Susumu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 76F20

description: We study Kolmogorov flow on a three dimensional, periodic domain with aspect ratios fixed to unity. Using an energy method, we give a concise proof of the linear stability of the laminar flow profile. Since turbulent motion is observed for high enough Reynolds numbers, we expect the domain of attraction of the laminar flow to be bounded by the stable manifolds of simple invariant solutions. We show one such edge state to be an equilibrium with a spatial structure reminiscent of that found in plane Couette flow, with stream wise rolls on the largest spatial scales. When tracking the edge state, we find an upper and a lower branch solution that join in a saddle node bifurcation at finite Reynolds number.
Performances of an Innovative HCPV System
Creators: name: Cancro, C.
name: Fucci, R.
name: Graditi, G.
name: Privato, C.
name: Boffa, V.
name: Garbelli, D.
name: Grassano, G.
name: Ricci, F.
name: Anguera, P.
name: Busquets, M.
name: Martinez, D.
name: Sugranes, A.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics : New Concepts and Ultra-High Efficiency
Terrestrial Concentrator Systems

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 702-706
description: In the framework of the cooperation between ENEA and Pirelli, an innovative HCPV - High
Concentration Photovoltaic System - prototype developed by Pirelli has been installed at ENEA-Portici, Italy. The
plant includes an aerodynamic profile solar tracker, resistant to strong wind, equipped with 40 HCPV modules, based
on the concentration technology developed by Pirelli. The whole system has been developed according to industrial
cost considerations; the modules have been designed for being assembled by means of automatic process and
components have been developed for being manufactured in the framework of automotive industries. The optical
system is a Fresnel-Kohler type developed in the framework of cooperation with LPI (Light Prescription Innovators)
a leading company in optical design for CPV system based in Madrid, Spain. It assures optimal performances in
terms of efficiency, optical flux homogeneity and acceptance angle. Moreover, it is robust in terms of assembly
tolerances. The optical system focuses radiation with a geometrical concentration factor of 576 on a 5.5mm-side III-V
solar cell supplied by Emcore. Each module comprises 48 single units, electrically connected in two separated series.
Based on optically active area, the efficiency of the module is as high as 28%, with typical efficiency values of
26.5%. Typical module acceptance angle of 1.2° is measured. Nominal module power @850W/m2, 25°C, is 167Wp.
Modules have been installed on Pirelli solar tracker, developed according to Eurocodes standards for civil structures;
they are connected in 4 electrical sections for assuring a high degree of versatility. Nominal system power is 6.7 kWp.
In real operations system DC efficiency as high as 25% has been reached. Moreover, system acceptance angle of
about 0.8° has been measured. In the present work, results of system field tests are presented and discussed, as well as
measurements of some significant performance of components.
Liouville theorem for a class semilinear elliptic problem on Heisenberg group
Creators: name: Ma, Xi-nan
name: Ou, Qianzhong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We obtain an entire Liouville type theorem to the classical semilinear subcritical elliptic equation on Heisenberg group. A pointwise estimate near the isolated singularity was also proved. The soul of the proofs is an a priori integral estimate, which deduced from a generalized formula of that found by Jerison and Lee.