cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Taiwan und die asiatische Wirtschaftskrise
Creators: name: Nieh, Yu-Hsi
Publisher: name: China aktuell
Year: 2019

description: Die Finanzkrise, die turbulenzartig seit Mitte des vergangenen Jahres Südost- und Ostasien überflutet, hat die Insel Taiwan bislang nur wenig berührt. Die einheimische Währung New Taiwan Dollar (NTS) ist Ende März d.J. mit 32,86 NT$ zu 1 US$ gegenüber Ende Juni des vorigen Jahres, also dem Zeitpunkt vor dem Beginn der Asien-Finanzkrise, um 18,2% an Außenwert gefallen, verglichen mit der Abwertung des südkoreanischen Won um 55,2%. Der Aktienkurs kletterte beim selben Vergleich mit 9.091,16 Punkten noch etwas über das ursprüngliche Niveau hinaus.
description: China aktuell, China aktuell - März 1998
Zhu Rongji, der neue Ministerpräsident des Staatsrats der VR China
Creators: name: Liu, Jen-Kai
Publisher: name: China aktuell
Year: 2019

description: Zhu Rongji wurde auf der 5. Plenarsitzung der 1. Tagung des IX. NVI< am 17. März 1998 neuer Ministerpräsident des Staatsrats und damit Nachfolger von Li Peng. Die Teilnehmer der Sitzung bestätigten durch Abstimmung Zhus Nominierung als Kandidaten für das Amt des Ministerpräsidenten durch Staatspräsident Jiang Zemin. Die chinesische Verfassung sieht vor, daß der Staatspräsident einen Kandidaten für dieses Amt nominiert. Zhu Rongji erhielt 97,9% der Stimmen. Es gab nur 29 Gegenstimmen und 31 Enthaltungen.
description: China aktuell, China aktuell - März 1998
neue chinesische Regierung: Abschied vom sozialistischen Leviathan?
Creators: name: Heilmann, Sebastian
Publisher: name: China aktuell
Year: 2019

description: Vom 5. bis zum 19. März trat der IX. Nationale Volkskongreß (NVK) in Beijing zu seiner ersten Jahrestagung zusammen. Das Plenum des laut Verfassung „obersten Organes der Staatsmacht“ war von der Partei- und Staatsführung minutiös vorbereitet worden und stand unter strikter Kontrolle der im NVK installierten Parteiorgane.1 Die Rechenschaftsberichte der verschiedenen Staatsorgane, die Nominierungen der Parteiführung für die wichtigsten staatlichen Leitungspositionen und eine umfassende Reorganisation der Regierung wurden ohne Abstriche durch den NVK bestätigt.
description: China aktuell, China aktuell - März 1998
Macau
Creators: name: Nieh, Yu-Hsi
Publisher: name: China aktuell
Year: 2019

description: Eine Macauer Firma namens Agencia Turistica e Diversoes Chong Lot Limi- tada (ATDCLL) wird Pressemeldungen zufolge von der Ukraine den Flugzeugträger „Warjag“ für 20 Mio.USS erwerben, um ihn zur Hotel-, Geschäfts- und Vergnügungsanlage in den Gewässern der portugiesischen Enklave umzubauen. Macau ist wirtschaftlich auf den Tourismus angewiesen, aber die flachen Gewässer um das Territorium sind für große Schiffe zum Ankern kaum geeignet.
description: China aktuell, China aktuell - März 1998
CaloDREAM -- Detector Response Emulation via Attentive flow Matching
Creators: name: Favaro, Luigi
name: Ore, Ayodele
name: Schweitzer, Sofia Palacios
name: Plehn, Tilman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Detector simulations are an exciting application of modern generative networks. Their sparse high-dimensional data combined with the required precision poses a serious challenge. We show how combining Conditional Flow Matching with transformer elements allows us to simulate the detector phase space reliably. Namely, we use an autoregressive transformer to simulate the energy of each layer, and a vision transformer for the high-dimensional voxel distributions. We show how dimension reduction via latent diffusion allows us to train more efficiently and how diffusion networks can be evaluated faster with bespoke solvers. We showcase our framework, CaloDREAM, on datasets 2 and 3 of the CaloChallenge.
Build Bigger, Spend Smarter: The Proven Amazon FBA Growth System by SpectrumBPO
Creators: name: james, william
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 350303
subject: Business information systems

description:
Breaking through Amazon’s competitive jungle doesn’t mean breaking the bank. Whether you're launching your first product or trying to scale a six-figure store, SpectrumBPO gives you the tools, insights, and expert support to grow faster—without overspending.Expert Amazon FBA Support Designed for Smart SellersManaging an Amazon FBA business involves more than listing products and hoping for sales. From navigating algorithm updates to optimizing PPC campaigns and managing inventory, SpectrumBPO’s 400+ in-house experts handle the heavy lifting with precision. Their full-spectrum service covers everything you need to stay competitive—without wasting your time or budget.From Zero to Seller – Start Right and Grow FasterNew to Amazon? No problem. SpectrumBPO’s tailored Start an Amazon Store plan was created for aspiring sellers who want to build a solid foundation from day one. Get expert help with listing creation, keyword optimization, branding, and advertising strategy—all under one roof. It’s a smooth launchpad for long-term success.Multi-Channel Growth Without the OverheadWhy stop at Amazon? SpectrumBPO helps you scale across platforms like Walmart, eBay, and Shopify—giving your brand more visibility and more sales opportunities. As a leading eCommerce services agency, they integrate your operations and marketing across multiple channels while keeping costs low and efficiency high.Data-Driven Decisions, Real-Time ResultsWhat sets SpectrumBPO apart is their commitment to data-backed strategy. Every decision—from keyword targeting to inventory planning—is informed by analytics. That means less guesswork and more performance. You’ll know exactly what’s working, what needs improvement, and how to maximize ROI.Why Outsourcing Your FBA Operations Just Makes SenseWith rising storage fees, shipping delays, and complex ad strategies, outsourcing to a seasoned Amazon FBA team isn’t just smart—it’s essential. SpectrumBPO streamlines your operations, improves your margins, and eliminates unnecessary overhead. You focus on growth—they’ll take care of the grind.Try It, Risk-Free – The 7-Day Trial That Speaks for ItselfStill on the fence? Don’t be. SpectrumBPO offers a 7-day free trial so you can test their services with zero commitment. From personalized audits to hands-on strategy sessions, you’ll experience firsthand how they help sellers like you scale smarter.It’s Time to Level Up Your Amazon Business🔹 Affordable.
🔹 Scalable.
🔹 Proven.👉 Let SpectrumBPO help you simplify, streamline, and supercharge your store.
title: 03_0363
Creators: name: Wesley Baldwin, John
name: Baldwin, John W.
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: L'ensemble de ces notes ont été crée par John Baldwin lors d'une de ses premières périodes de résidence à Paris. Ces documents comprennent tous les magistri qu’il avait pu rencontrer dans ses sources. Aux XIIème et XIIIème siècles, les universités n'existant pas encore, le titre de magister s'il évoque certainement une compétence n'est pas rattaché de façon systématique au passage par les écoles. De surcroît, les magistris sont le plus souvent désignés par leur seul prénom. La lecture de ces données est donc difficile et suppose un long travail pour tenter d'identifier un individu auquel on pourrait rattacher plusieurs mentions. John Baldwin avait donc renoncé à utiliser ces données pour donner un prolongement à sa magnifique étude sur les gradués d'université et leur emploi par les Capétiens et les Plantagenêts. Néanmoins, il a conservé ces données et elles sont potentiellement très utile dans le cadre de Studium, comme le sont toutes les mentions dans les volumes des Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae de chanoines portant ce titre de magister sans autres précisions. L'ampleur des dépouillements rend ces données très utiles et nous devons une grande reconnaissance à John Baldwin pour avoir pris la peine de faire photocopier ses fiches et de nous les avoir transmises amicalement.
Les données ainsi que les images des fiches sont accessibles sur le site Internet à l'adresse suivante : http://studium-baldwin.lamop.fr/.
Les transcriptions des fiches ont été effectuées par des étudiants de Paris 1 Panthéon - Sorbonne mais elles n'ont pas été corrigées par la suite.
description: Relation: https://lamop.hypotheses.org/
Investigating KAN-Based Physics-Informed Neural Networks for EMI/EMC Simulations
Creators: name: Qian, Kun
name: Kheir, Mohamed
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The main objective of this paper is to investigate the feasibility of employing Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) techniques, in particular KolmogorovArnold Networks (KANs), for facilitating Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) simulations. It introduces some common EM problem formulations and how they can be solved using AI-driven solutions instead of lengthy and complex full-wave numerical simulations. This research may open new horizons for green EMI simulation workflows with less energy consumption and feasible computational capacity.
description: 8 pages
SVR Hongkong
Creators: name: Heilmann, Sebastian
name: Staiger, Brunhild
name: Schüller, Margot
Publisher: name: China aktuell
Year: 2019

description: Am 30. März trafen die Regierungen der SVR Hongkong und der benachbarten Provinz Guangdong der VR China zu einem ersten Treffen zusammen. Die von Tung Chee-hwa im letzten Herbst angekündigte engere grenzübergreifende Zusammenarbeit soll künftig durch zweimal jährlich stattfindende Treffen der jeweiligen Regierungschefs untermauert und verstetigt werden.
description: China aktuell, China aktuell - März 1998
Physics-informed Score-based Diffusion Model for Limited-angle Reconstruction of Cardiac Computed Tomography
Creators: name: Han, Shuo
name: Xu, Yongshun
name: Wang, Dayang
name: Morovati, Bahareh
name: Zhou, Li
name: Maltz, Jonathan S.
name: Wang, Ge
name: Yu, Hengyong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Cardiac computed tomography (CT) has emerged as a major imaging modality for the diagnosis and monitoring of cardiovascular diseases. High temporal resolution is essential to ensure diagnostic accuracy. Limited-angle data acquisition can reduce scan time and improve temporal resolution, but typically leads to severe image degradation and motivates for improved reconstruction techniques. In this paper, we propose a novel physics-informed score-based diffusion model (PSDM) for limited-angle reconstruction of cardiac CT. At the sampling time, we combine a data prior from a diffusion model and a model prior obtained via an iterative algorithm and Fourier fusion to further enhance the image quality. Specifically, our approach integrates the primal-dual hybrid gradient (PDHG) algorithm with score-based diffusion models, thereby enabling us to reconstruct high-quality cardiac CT images from limited-angle data. The numerical simulations and real data experiments confirm the effectiveness of our proposed approach.
description: 12 pages
Poetry, sound and the designing of 'phantom objectivity'
Creators: name: Hecq, Dominique
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: Gertrude Stein recognised what Benjamin called the now most unfashionable 'universal equality of things' at the level of the word. For Stein, the literary work was based on surface relations rather than psychological depth or subjection to a transcendental signified. Similarly, it is this surface relation which informs the audio-tactile model of the poem as performance piece. This paper explores the paradoxical nexus between surface relations and psychological depth with reference to a collaborative project between a poet and a sound artist curated by a visual artist at a series of venues from August 2008 to June 2009. As a model of interactions of aesthetic modes, the project uncovered a discursive struggle that highlighted the dominance of the scopic field over the aural field. This paper seeks to explain the reasons for this 'phantom objectivity'.
title: Neuroimaging of tuberous sclerosis: What the radiologist needs to know
Creators: name: Torres Velásquez, Yersin
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Neuroradiology
subject: Anatomy
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: MR
subject: Case Series

description: Clinical History: We present a series of cases involving three patients with a history of epilepsy who underwent brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI): 


	Case 1: A 23-year-old woman presented to the emergency department with uncontrolled epileptic seizures and decreased visual acuity.
	Case 2: A 31-year-old man with epileptic seizures that had been uncontrolled for the past three years.
	Case 3: A 14-year-old boy under follow-up for epilepsy.


description: 23 years, female; 31 years, male; 14 years, male
Hydrodynamics of a hard-core active lattice gas
Creators: name: Mukherjee, Ritwik
name: Saha, Soumyabrata
name: Sadhu, Tridib
name: Dhar, Abhishek
name: Sabhapandit, Sanjib
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a fluctuating hydrodynamic description of an active lattice gas model with excluded volume interactions that exhibits motility-induced phase separation under appropriate conditions. For quasi-one dimension and higher, stability analysis of the noiseless hydrodynamics gives quantitative bounds on the phase boundary of the motility-induced phase separation in terms of spinodal and binodal. Inclusion of the multiplicative noise in the fluctuating hydrodynamics describes the exponentially decaying two-point correlations in the stationary-state homogeneous phase. Our hydrodynamic description and theoretical predictions based on it are in excellent agreement with our Monte Carlo simulations and pseudospectral iteration of the hydrodynamics equations. Our construction of hydrodynamics for this model is not suitable in strictly one-dimension with single-file constraints, and we argue that this breakdown is associated with micro-phase separation.
description: 22 pages, 15 figures
Fermion-fermion interaction driven phase transitions in rhombohedral trilayer graphene
Creators: name: Zhang, Qiao-Chu
name: Wang, Jing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effects of short-range fermion-fermion interactions on the low-energy properties of rhombohedral trilayer graphene are comprehensively investigated using the momentum-shell renormalization group method. We take into account all one-loop corrections and establish the energy-dependent coupled evolutions of independent fermionic couplings that carry the physical information stemming from the interplay of various fermion-fermion interactions. With detailed numerical analysis, we observe that the ferocious competition among all fermion-fermion interactions can drive fermionic couplings to four distinct fixed points, dubbed $\textrm{FP}_{1}$, $\textrm{FP}_{2}$, $\textrm{FP}_{3}$, and $\textrm{FP}_{4}$, in the interaction-parameter space. These fixed points primarily dictate the fate of the system in the low-energy regime and are always associated with some instabilities characterized by specific symmetry breakings, leading to certain phase transitions. To determine the favorable states arising from the potential phase transitions, we introduce a number of fermion-bilinear source terms to characterize the underlying candidate states. By comparing their related susceptibilities, we find that the dominant states correspond to spin-singlet superconductivity, spin-triplet pair-density-waves, and spin-triplet superconductivity for fixed points $\textrm{FP}_{1,3}$, $\textrm{FP}_{2}$, and $\textrm{FP}_{4}$, respectively. These provide valuable insights into the low-energy properties of rhombohedral trilayer graphene and analogous materials.
description: 15 pages, 7 figures
Geometric interpretation of the vanishing Lie Bracket for two-dimensional rough vector fields
Creators: name: Rebucci, Annalaura
name: Zizza, Martina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35A24, 35D30, 35F35, 35Q49

description: In this paper, we prove that if $X,Y$ are continuous, Sobolev vector fields with bounded divergence on the real plane and $[X,Y]=0$, then their flows commute. In particular, we improve the previous result of Colombo-Tione (2021), where the authors require the additional assumption of the weak Lie differentiability on one of the two flows. We also discuss possible extensions to the $\text{BV}$ setting.
Diagnosing Altermagnetic Phases through Quantum Oscillations
Creators: name: Li, Zhi-Xia
name: Wan, Xiangang
name: Chen, Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recently delimited altermagnetic phase is characterized by zero net magnetization but momentum-dependent collinear spin-splitting. To explore the intriguing physical effects and potential applications of altermagnets, it is essential to analyze their Fermi surface properties, encompassing both configurations and spin textures. Here, we conduct a Fermiology study on metallic altermagnets and demonstrate that the collinear spin-split features of their Fermi surfaces can be clearly revealed through quantum oscillation measurements. By introducing a transverse Zeeman field to remove the spin-degenerate lines in the momentum space, the Fermi surface undergoes a Lifshitz transition, giving rise to spin-flipped cyclotron motion between orbits with opposite spins. Accordingly, the Lifshitz-Onsager quantization yields two sets of Landau levels, leading to frequency splitting of the Shubnikov-de Haas oscillations in conductivity. In the presence of spin-orbit coupling, the Zeeman field causes two separate cyclotron orbits to merge at the Lifshitz transition point before splitting again. This results in the two original frequencies discontinuously changing into a single frequency equal to their sum. Our work unveils a unique and universal signature of altermagnetic Fermi surfaces that can be probed through quantum oscillation measurements.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures, PRB accepted
VR China und ihre Nachbarn: 4. Rußland
Creators: name: Schucher, Günter
name: Block, Ulrike
Publisher: name: China aktuell
Year: 2019

description: Am 22. April 1997 traf der chinesische Staats- und Parteichef Jiang Zemin zum inzwischen fünften chinesisch-russischen Gipfeltreffen in Moskau ein, um gemeinsam mit seinem russischen Amtskollegen Boris Jelzin ein neues Kapitel in den Beziehungen beider Länder aufzuschlagen, die bis zur Einleitung der politischen und wirtschaftlichen Reformen in der ehemaligen Sowjetunion und in China jahrzehntelang vom ideologischen Haß geprägt waren und auch gegenwärtig aufgrund ungeklärter Territorialfragen nicht spannungsfrei sind. Mit dem Abschluß einer gemeinsamen Deklaration besiegelten Jiang und Jelzin am 23.4. ihre neue "strategische Partnerschaft". In ihr sprechen sie sich gegen die Vorherrschaft einer einzigen Weltmacht und für eine "multipolare Welt' aus. Beide Länder wollen zwar keine Bündnisbeziehung, aber eine enge Zusammenarbeit in internationalen Fragen. Darüber hinaus beschlossen die beiden Staatschefs am 24.4. gemeinsam mit ihren Kollegen aus Kasachstan, Kirgisien und Tadschikistan ein Abkommen zur weiteren Verringerung der Streitkräfte an der insgesamt 7000 km langen gemeinsamen Grenze. Die intensivierte Kooperation wurde von russischer Seite als Demonstration des Vertrauens der Osterweiterung der NATO, dem "Wachsen von gegenseitigem Mißtrauen", entgegengestellt. Zwar wurde die Bildung eines Gegenblocks explizit bestritten, aber doch klargelegt, daß sich die Gemeinsame Erklärung vor allem gegen die Vorherrschaftsbestrebungen der USA richte. Jelzin sprach von einer historischen Bedeutung des Besuches aus der VR China: "Denn wir bestimmen das Schicksal des 21. Jahrhunderts". Bei der vorliegenden Kurzbibliographie handelt es sich um den fünften Teil einer Serie, die in diesem Jahr in lockerer Reihenfolge erscheint. In diesem Teil wurde Literatur ab 1990 berücksichtigt. Titel, die sich mit der Sicherheitslage in Nordostasien, speziell auf der koreanischen Halbinsel, sowie mit der geplanten wirtschaftlichen Zusammenarbeit in der Tumenjiang Economic Development Zone befassen, werden im nächsten Teil der Serie "Korea" berücksichtigt.
description: China aktuell, China aktuell - April 1997
Average-exact mixed anomalies and compatible phases
Creators: name: Xu, Yichen
name: Jian, Chao-Ming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quantum anomaly of a global symmetry is known to strongly constrain the allowed low-energy physics in a clean and isolated quantum system. However, the effect of quantum anomalies in disordered systems is much less understood, especially when the global symmetry is only preserved on average by the disorder. In this work, we focus on disordered systems with both average and exact symmetries $A\times K$, where the exact symmetry $K$ is respected in every disorder configuration, and the average $A$ is only preserved on average by the disorder ensemble. When there is a mixed quantum anomaly between the average and exact symmetries, we argue that the mixed state representing the ensemble of disordered ground states cannot be featureless. While disordered mixed states smoothly connected to the anomaly-compatible phases in clean limit are certainly allowed, we also found disordered phases that have no clean-limit counterparts, including the glassy states with strong-to-weak symmetry breaking, and average topological orders for certain anomalies. We construct solvable lattice models to demonstrate each of these possibilities. We also provide a field-theoretic argument to provide a criterion for whether a given average-exact mixed anomaly admits a compatible average topological order.
description: 23 pages, 5 figures
Chinas Wirtschaftsentwicklung im Jahre 1996
Creators: name: Schüller, Margot
Publisher: name: China aktuell
Year: 2019

description: Die ökonomischen Eckdaten Ende 1996 weisen auf eine gelungene "weiche Landung" der chinesischen Wirtschaft hin. Aufgrund der nur geringfügigen Lockerung der restriktiven Kreditpolitik konnte der Investitionsanstieg auf 18% begrenzt werden, ohne das Wirtschaftswachstum wesentlich abzubremsen. Mit einer Zuwachsrate von 9,7% lag der Anstieg des Bruttoinlandsprodukts erstmals seit 1991 unter der 10%-Marke. Die Inflationsbekämpfung war mit einer Beschränkung der Preissteigerung auf 6,1% (1994: 22%, 1995: 15%) sehr erfolgreich. Allerdings spielte hierbei weiterhin eher die "sichtbare Hand des Staates" als der Markt die wichtigste Rolle. Einen positiven Einfluß auf die Preisentwicklung muß der ausgezeichneten Getreideernte zugeschrieben werden. In den vergangenen Jahren hatten Steigerungen der Getreidepreise die Inflation zu rd. einem Drittel angeheizt. Die außenwirtschaftliche Entwicklung kann ebenfalls als positiv beschrieben werden. China gelang es erneut, sehr hohe Auslandsinvestitionen zu absorbieren und nach einer anfänglich problematischen Außenhandelsentwicklung einen beachtlichen Exportüberschuß zu realisieren.
description: China aktuell, China aktuell - April 1997
Liouville results for semilinear integral equations with conical diffusion
Creators: name: Birindelli, Isabeau
name: Du, Lele
name: Galise, Giulio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Nonexistence results for positive supersolutions of the equation $$-Lu=u^p\quad\text{in $\mathbb R^N_+$}$$ are obtained, $-L$ being any symmetric and stable linear operator, positively homogeneous of degree $2s$, $s\in(0,1)$, whose spectral measure is absolutely continuous and positive only in a relative open set of the unit sphere of $\mathbb R^N$. The results are sharp: $u\equiv 0$ is the only nonnegative supersolution in the subcritical regime $1\leq p\leq\frac{N+s}{N-s}\,$, while nontrivial supersolutions exist, at least for some specific $-L$, as soon as $p>\frac{N+s}{N-s}$. \\ The arguments used rely on a rescaled test function's method, suitably adapted to such nonlocal setting with weak diffusion; they are quite general and also employed to obtain Liouville type results in the whole space.
description: 26 pages
Asien im Jahre 2050: Versuch einer virtuellen Umrißbestimmung
Creators: name: Weggel, Oskar
Publisher: name: China aktuell
Year: 2019

description: Im Eingangskapitel dieser Serie (C.a. 1997/3) wurden die Hauptergebnisse einer virtuellen Umrißbestimmung der Entwicklungen Asiens bis zum Jahre 2050 vorgestellt. In den folgenden Abschnitten sind nun die Begründungen für diesen Prognoseversuch nachzuliefern.
description: China aktuell, China aktuell - April 1997
Hongkong und die VR China: Vier Dimensionen der Integration
Creators: name: Heilmann, Sebastian
Publisher: name: China aktuell
Year: 2019

description: Ende November 1996 kam es im Hongkonger High Court zu einem Vorfall, der von manchen Hongkongern als böses Omen für die kommende Zeit unter chinesischer Herrschaft verstanden wurde. Im High Court herrschen strenge Sitten: Besucher müssen leise sprechen und dürfen nicht fotografieren. Diese Regeln galten als selbstverständlich - bis im November 1996 eine vierzigköpfige Touristengruppe aus der VR China (darunter chinesische Richter und Anwälte, die aus professionellem Interesse gekommen waren) das Gericht heimsuchte: Die chinesischen Besucher zogen lärmend und laut lachend durch das Gerichtsgebäude, überstiegen in einem gerade ungenutzten Gerichtssaal die Gerichtsschranken, machten es sich im Sessel des Vorsitzenden Richters bequem, durchforsteten dort vorbereitete Gerichtsdokumente und verließen trotz wiederholter Aufforderungen den Gerichtssaal nicht eher, bis alle ein Erinnerungsfoto aufgenommen hatten. Bedenklich an diesem Vorfall war aus der Sicht des Gerichtspersonals vor allem, daß die im Gebäude üblichen Verhaltensregeln zuvor detailliert erklärt worden waren, sich die Besucher aber über diese Vorschriften einfach hinwegsetzten.
description: China aktuell, China aktuell - April 1997
ModSec-Learn: Boosting ModSecurity with Machine Learning
Creators: name: Scano, Christian
name: Floris, Giuseppe
name: Montaruli, Biagio
name: Demetrio, Luca
name: Valenza, Andrea
name: Compagna, Luca
name: Ariu, Davide
name: Piras, Luca
name: Balzarotti, Davide
name: Biggio, Battista
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: ModSecurity is widely recognized as the standard open-source Web Application Firewall (WAF), maintained by the OWASP Foundation. It detects malicious requests by matching them against the Core Rule Set (CRS), identifying well-known attack patterns. Each rule is manually assigned a weight based on the severity of the corresponding attack, and a request is blocked if the sum of the weights of matched rules exceeds a given threshold. However, we argue that this strategy is largely ineffective against web attacks, as detection is only based on heuristics and not customized on the application to protect. In this work, we overcome this issue by proposing a machine-learning model that uses the CRS rules as input features. Through training, ModSec-Learn is able to tune the contribution of each CRS rule to predictions, thus adapting the severity level to the web applications to protect. Our experiments show that ModSec-Learn achieves a significantly better trade-off between detection and false positive rates. Finally, we analyze how sparse regularization can reduce the number of rules that are relevant at inference time, by discarding more than 30% of the CRS rules. We release our open-source code and the dataset at https://github.com/pralab/modsec-learn and https://github.com/pralab/http-traffic-dataset, respectively.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2308.04964
Empowering Tuberculosis Screening with Explainable Self-Supervised Deep Neural Networks
Creators: name: Patel, Neel
name: Wong, Alexander
name: Ebadi, Ashkan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Tuberculosis persists as a global health crisis, especially in resource-limited populations and remote regions, with more than 10 million individuals newly infected annually. It stands as a stark symbol of inequity in public health. Tuberculosis impacts roughly a quarter of the global populace, with the majority of cases concentrated in eight countries, accounting for two-thirds of all tuberculosis infections. Although a severe ailment, tuberculosis is both curable and manageable. However, early detection and screening of at-risk populations are imperative. Chest x-ray stands as the predominant imaging technique utilized in tuberculosis screening efforts. However, x-ray screening necessitates skilled radiologists, a resource often scarce, particularly in remote regions with limited resources. Consequently, there is a pressing need for artificial intelligence (AI)-powered systems to support clinicians and healthcare providers in swift screening. However, training a reliable AI model necessitates large-scale high-quality data, which can be difficult and costly to acquire. Inspired by these challenges, in this work, we introduce an explainable self-supervised self-train learning network tailored for tuberculosis case screening. The network achieves an outstanding overall accuracy of 98.14% and demonstrates high recall and precision rates of 95.72% and 99.44%, respectively, in identifying tuberculosis cases, effectively capturing clinically significant features.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures
Electric-field switchable chirality in rhombohedral graphene Chern insulators stabilized by tungsten diselenide
Creators: name: Ding, Jing
name: Xiang, Hanxiao
name: Hua, Jiannan
name: Zhou, Wenqiang
name: Liu, Naitian
name: Zhang, Le
name: Xin, Na
name: Wu, Bing
name: Watanabe, Kenji
name: Taniguchi, Takashi
name: Sofer, Zdenek
name: Zhu, Wei
name: Xu, Shuigang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Chern insulators host topologically protected chiral edge currents with quantized conductance characterized by their Chern number. Switching the chirality of a Chern insulator, namely, the direction of the edge current, is highly challenging due to topologically forbidden backscattering but is of considerable importance for the design of topological devices. Nevertheless, this can be achieved by reversing the sign of the Chern number through a topological phase transition. Here, we report electrically switchable chirality in rhombohedral multilayer graphene-based Chern insulators. By introducing moire superlattices in rhombohedral heptalayer graphene, we observed a cascade of topological phase transitions at quarter electron filling of a moire band with the Chern number tunable from -1, 1 to 2. Furthermore, integrating monolayer tungsten diselenide at the moireless interface of rhombohedral decalayer graphene/h-BN superlattices stabilizes the Chern insulators, enabling quantized anomalous Hall resistance of h/2e^2. Remarkably, the Chern number can be switched from -1 to 2 using displacement fields. Our work establishes rhombohedral multilayer graphene moire superlattices as a versatile platform for topological engineering, with switchable chirality offering significant promise for integrating chiral edge currents into topological electronic circuits.
description: Include the data from 10L graphene devices. To appear in Physical Review X
null Einfluss von Hydrogensulfid auf die Aktivität humaner Endothelzellen und die Neointimabildung im Mausmodell
Creators: name: Klee, Gina
Publisher: name: Universität Rostock
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences Medicine

description: Das Endothel besitzt wesentliche Funktionen in der Hämostase. Ziel der Studie ist es, den Einfluss des H2S Donors GYY auf die Aktivität humaner Endothelzellen mittels WST Assay, Durchflusszytometrie, ELISA, Biotin-Switch- und Migrationsassay sowie auf die Neointimabildung mit Hilfe des FeCl3-induzierten Gefäßschadens zu evaluieren. GYY führt zu einer signifikanten, dosisabhängigen und reversiblen Reduktion der Adhäsionsmoleküle, zur Reduktion der vWF Sekretion, steigert die S-Sulfhydrierung, schränkt die Migration ein und führt in vivo zu einer verminderten Neointimabildung.
The Geometry of Generalised Spin$^r$ Spinors on Projective Spaces
Creators: name: Artacho, Diego
name: Hofmann, Jordan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C27, 15A66, 57R15

description: In this paper, we adapt the characterisation of the spin representation via exterior forms to the generalised spin$^r$ context. We find new invariant spin$^r$ spinors on the projective spaces $\mathbb{CP}^n$, $\mathbb{HP}^n$, and the Cayley plane $\mathbb{OP}^2$ for all their homogeneous realisations. Specifically, for each of these realisations, we provide a complete description of the space of invariant spin$^r$ spinors for the minimum value of $r$ for which this space is non-zero. Additionally, we demonstrate some geometric implications of the existence of special spin$^r$ spinors on these spaces.
Chongqing: Entwicklungsmotor für Südwestchina?
Creators: name: Schüller, Margot
Publisher: name: China aktuell
Year: 2019

description: Zum 1.Juli 1997 wird die Stadt Chongqing, Provinz Sichuan, den Status einer regierungsunmittelbaren Stadt erhalten, die direkt der Zentralregierung unterstellt ist. Diese Entscheidung wurde von den Delegierten des Nationalen Volkskongresses Mitte März d.J. getroffen.
description: China aktuell, China aktuell - März 1997
Zur Zukunft Hongkongs
Creators: name: Nieh, Yu-Hsi
Publisher: name: China aktuell
Year: 2019

description: Nach über 150 Jahren britischer Kolonialherrschaft wird Hongkong am 1. Juli d.J. an China zurückkehren. Dies ist ein großes historisches Ereignis, nicht nur für die Chinesen, sondern - da das Territorium ein wichtiges internationales Verkehrs-, Handels- und Finanzzentrum ist - für die ganze Welt. Außerdem handelt es sich dabei um die Vereinigung zweier unterschiedlicher politischer und sozialer Systeme - eines kommunistischen und eines kapitalistischen. Angesichts der Tragödie Südvietnams nach dem Indochina-Krieg mit der Massenflucht der "Boatpeople" sowie der Integrationsschwierigkeiten der neuen Bundesländer nach der deutschen Wiedervereinigung fragt man sich, wie wird die Zukunft Hongkongs nach dem bevorstehenden Machtwechsel aussehen?
description: China aktuell, China aktuell - März 1997
Asien im Jahr 2050
Creators: name: Weggel, Oskar
Publisher: name: China aktuell
Year: 2019

description: Da der wissenschaftliche Prognosehorizont aus heutiger Sicht (1997) kaum über das Jahr 2010 hinausreicht, da gleichzeitig aber solide Planung ohne längerfristige Perspektiven nicht auskommen kann, drängt sich fast von selbst die Frage auf, wie es um die Zukunft des für Europa wohl wichtigsten Kontinents, nämlich Asiens, innerhalb der nächsten zwei Generationen, also bis etwa 2050 vermutlich bestellt ist. Jeder Einblick in künftige Entwicklungen hat außerdem, so begrenzt er auch immer ausfallen mag, doch den unbestreitbaren Vorteil, im besten Sinne aufklärerisch zu wirken - und Ängste abzubauen, auch wo viele Erwartungen durchaus Anlaß zur Beunruhigung geben mögen. Will man also nicht von vorneherein hilflos die Hände in den Schoß legen oder ironisch abwinken, bleibt als einziger Ausweg der zugegebenermaßen höchst vorwissenschaftliche Versuch, mit den Navigationsinstrumenten historischer Erfahrung durch eine unbekannte Zukunftslandschaft zu "surfen" und dabei auch prognostische Hypothesen zu wagen. Erfrischendes Nachdenken und gedankliche Experimente sind gefragt - und sollten deshalb auch gewagt werden.
description: China aktuell, China aktuell - März 1997
A Cyclical Fast Iterative Method for Simulating Reentries in Cardiac Electrophysiology Using an Eikonal-Based Model
Creators: name: Espinosa, C. Barrios
name: Sánchez, J.
name: Appel, S.
name: Becker, S.
name: Krauß, J.
name: Díaz, P. Martínez
name: Unger, L.
name: Houillon, Marie
name: Loewe, Axel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: I.6.5

description: Background: Computer models for simulating cardiac electrophysiology are valuable tools for research and clinical applications. Traditional reaction-diffusion (RD) models used for these purposes are computationally expensive. While eikonal models offer a faster alternative, they are not well-suited to study cardiac arrhythmias driven by reentrant activity. The present work extends the diffusion-reaction eikonal alternant model (DREAM), incorporating conduction velocity (CV) restitution for simulating complex cardiac arrhythmias.
 Methods: The DREAM modifies the fast iterative method to model cyclical behavior, dynamic boundary conditions, and frequency-dependent anisotropic CV. Additionally, the model alternates with an approximated RD model, using a detailed ionic model for the reaction term and a triple-Gaussian to approximate the diffusion term. The DREAM and monodomain models were compared, simulating reentries in 2D manifolds with different resolutions.
 Results: The DREAM produced similar results across all resolutions, while experiments with the monodomain model failed at lower resolutions. CV restitution curves obtained using the DREAM closely approximated those produced by the monodomain simulations. Reentry in 2D slabs yielded similar results in vulnerable window and mean reentry duration for low CV in both models. In the left atrium, most inducing points identified by the DREAM were also present in the high-resolution monodomain model. DREAM's reentry simulations on meshes with an average edge length of 1600$μ$m were 40x faster than monodomain simulations at 200$μ$m.
 Conclusion: This work establishes the mathematical foundation for using the accelerated DREAM simulation method for cardiac electrophysiology. Cardiac research applications are enabled by a publicly available implementation in the openCARP simulator.
description: 39 pages, 9 figures
AI Data Readiness Inspector (AIDRIN) for Quantitative Assessment of Data Readiness for AI
Creators: name: Hiniduma, Kaveen
name: Byna, Suren
name: Bez, Jean Luca
name: Madduri, Ravi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: "Garbage In Garbage Out" is a universally agreed quote by computer scientists from various domains, including Artificial Intelligence (AI). As data is the fuel for AI, models trained on low-quality, biased data are often ineffective. Computer scientists who use AI invest a considerable amount of time and effort in preparing the data for AI. However, there are no standard methods or frameworks for assessing the "readiness" of data for AI. To provide a quantifiable assessment of the readiness of data for AI processes, we define parameters of AI data readiness and introduce AIDRIN (AI Data Readiness Inspector). AIDRIN is a framework covering a broad range of readiness dimensions available in the literature that aid in evaluating the readiness of data quantitatively and qualitatively. AIDRIN uses metrics in traditional data quality assessment such as completeness, outliers, and duplicates for data evaluation. Furthermore, AIDRIN uses metrics specific to assess data for AI, such as feature importance, feature correlations, class imbalance, fairness, privacy, and FAIR (Findability, Accessibility, Interoperability, and Reusability) principle compliance. AIDRIN provides visualizations and reports to assist data scientists in further investigating the readiness of data. The AIDRIN framework enhances the efficiency of the machine learning pipeline to make informed decisions on data readiness for AI applications.
description: 12 pages, 9 figures, Accepted to SSDBM 2024
title: Transport and metabolism of polyamines in Trypanosoma cruzi.
Creators: name: Le Quesne, SA
Publisher: name: London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine
Year: 1995

description: The epimastigotes (insect stage) of Trypanosoma cruzi, are unable to synthesize de novo the diamines putrescine and its analogue cadaverine, from their amino acid precursors. Therefore the metabolic pathways to polyamines (aliphatic bases) in T.cruzi, clone XI0/6 epimastigotes, have been studied by in vitro radiolabelling using these diamine precursors. [3H]Putrescine was rapidly taken up from the medium and incorporated in to the polyamines spermidine, spermine and the glutathione-polyamine conjugate N1, N2-bis(glutathionyl)spermidine(trypanothione). Likewise [3H]cadaverine was rapidly taken up by T.cruzi and converted into the analogous polyamines aminopropylcadaverine and bis(aminopropyl) cadaverine and the glutathione-polyamine conjugates glutathionylaminopropylcadaverine and N1, N2-bis(glutathionyl)- aminopropylcadaverine (homotrypanothione). Detailed analysis has revealed that T.cruzi epimastigotes (clone X10/6) transport exogenous [3H]putrescine and [3H]cadaverine by a rapid, high affinity, temperature dependent, diamine transport system which exhibits saturable kinetics (putrescine Km, - 2.0 μM, Vmax- 3.3nmol min-1 (10(8) cells)-1; cadaverine Km= 13.4 μM, V ■ 3.9 nmol min-1 (10(8) cells)-1). Diamine transport requires the presence of a proton gradient and thiol groups, does not utilise an amino acid transporter and its activity is altered as die cells proceed through the growth cycle. This transporter shows high specificity for the diamines, putrescine and cadaverine, but low specificity for the polyamines, spermidine and spermine. Hence polyamine metabolism in T.cruzi epimastigotes differs from other trypanosomadids ('Trypanosoma brucei, Leishmania and Crithidia fascicuiata) in three ways. Firstly T.cruzi lacks the ability to synthesize diamines de novo. Secondly both putrescine and cadaverine are rapidly taken up and can be converted into significant amounts of spermine and bis(aminopropyl) cadaverine respectively. Thirdly T.cruzi is able to synthesize homotrypanothione in addition to trypanothione. If the pattern of polyamine metabolism in the mammalian stages of T.cruzi is similar to that observed with the epimastigotes, these findings will have important implications with respect to future developmental strategies for the chemotherapy of Chagas’ disease.
Dynamic thermalization on noisy quantum hardware
Creators: name: Perrin, H.
name: Scoquart, T.
name: Pavlov, A. I.
name: Gnezdilov, N. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Emulating thermal observables on a digital quantum computer is essential for quantum simulation of many-body physics. However, thermalization typically requires a large system size due to incorporating a thermal bath, whilst limited resources of near-term digital quantum processors allow for simulating relatively small systems. We show that thermal observables and fluctuations may be obtained for a small closed system without a thermal bath. Thermal observables occur upon classically averaging quantum mechanical observables over randomized variants of their time evolution that run independently on a digital quantum processor. Using an IBM quantum computer, we experimentally find thermal occupation probabilities with finite positive and negative temperatures defined by the initial state's energy. Averaging over random evolutions facilitates error mitigation, with the noise contributing to the temperature in the simulated observables. This result fosters probing the dynamical emergence of equilibrium properties of matter at finite temperatures on noisy intermediate-scale quantum hardware.
description: 15 pages, 7 figures
Smectic-like bundle formation of planktonic bacteria upon nutrient starvation
Creators: name: Shimaya, Takuro
name: Takeuchi, Kazumasa A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Cell Behavior (q-bio.CB)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Bacteria aggregate through various intercellular interactions to build biofilms, but the effect of environmental changes thereupon remains largely unexplored. Here, by using an experimental device that overcomes past difficulties, we observed the collective response of Escherichia coli aggregates against dynamic changes in the growth condition. We discovered that nutrient starvation caused bacterial cells to arrange themselves into bundle-shaped clusters, developing a structure akin to that of smectic liquid crystal. The degree of the smectic-like bundle order was evaluated by a deep learning approach. Our experiments suggest that both the depletion attraction by extracellular polymeric substances and the growth arrest are essential for the bundle formation. Since these effects of nutrient starvation at the single-cell level are common to many bacterial species, bundle formation might also be common collective behavior that bacterial cells may exhibit under harsh environments.
description: 12+6 pages, 5+6 figures, 2 tables
VR China und ihre Nachbarn: 3. Mongolei
Creators: name: Block, Ulrike
Publisher: name: China aktuell
Year: 2019

description: In diesem Teil der Serie wurde zu den internationalen Beziehungen Literatur ab 1990 berücksichtigt, in Kapitel 1 zu Politik und Wirtschaft der Mongolei allerdings nur Literatur ab 1994, da vor 1994 erschienene Titel in der Auswahlbibliographie von Uwe Kotzel: „Die Mongolische Volksrepublik: Politik, Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft“, Hamburg 1993, aufgelistet sind.
description: China aktuell, China aktuell - Februar 1997
Quantum rotor in a two-dimensional mesoscopic Bose gas
Creators: name: Suchorowski, Michał
name: Badamshina, Alina
name: Lemeshko, Mikhail
name: Tomza, Michał
name: Volosniev, Artem G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate a molecular quantum rotor in a two-dimensional Bose-Einstein condensate. The focus is on studying the angulon quasiparticle concept in the crossover from few- to many-body physics. To this end, we formulate the problem in real space and solve it with a mean-field approach in the frame co-rotating with the impurity. We show that the system starts to feature angulon characteristics when the size of the bosonic cloud is large enough to screen the rotor. More importantly, we demonstrate the departure from the angulon picture for large system sizes or large angular momenta where the properties of the system are determined by collective excitations of the Bose gas.
description: Version accepted for publication in SciPost Physics