cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Kink instability evidenced by analyzing the leg rotation of a filament
Creators: name: Yan, X. L.
name: Xue, Z. K.
name: Liu, J. H.
name: Ma, L.
name: Kong, D. F.
name: Qu, Z. Q.
name: Li, Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Kink instability is a possible mechanism for solar filament eruption. However, the twist of a solar filament is very difficult to directly measure from observation. In this paper, we carried out the measurement of the twist of a solar filament by analyzing its leg rotation. An inverse S-shaped filament in active region NOAA 11485 was observed by the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) of Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) on 2012 May 22. During its eruption, the leg of the filament exhibited a significant rotation motion. The 304 Å images were used to uncurl along the circles, whose centers are the axis of the filament's leg. The result shows that the leg of the filament rotated up to about 510 degrees (about 2.83$π$) around the axis of the filament within twenty-three minutes. The maximal rotation speed reached 100 degrees per minute (about 379.9 km/s at radius 18$^\prime$$^\prime$), which is the fastest rotation speed that has been reported. We also calculated the decay index along the polarity inversion line in this active region and found that the decline of the overlying field with height is not so fast enough to trigger the torus instability. According to the condition of kink instability, it is indicating that the kink instability is the trigger mechanism for the solar filament eruption.
description: 16 pages, 7 figures, Accepted for publication in ApJ
A search for quantum coin-flipping protocols using optimization techniques
Creators: name: Nayak, Ashwin
name: Sikora, Jamie
name: Tunçel, Levent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Coin-flipping is a cryptographic task in which two physically separated, mistrustful parties wish to generate a fair coin-flip by communicating with each other. Chailloux and Kerenidis (2009) designed quantum protocols that guarantee coin-flips with near optimal bias. The probability of any outcome in these protocols is provably at most $1/\sqrt{2} + δ$ for any given $δ> 0$. However, no explicit description of these protocols is known, and the number of rounds in the protocols tends to infinity as $δ$ goes to 0. In fact, the smallest bias achieved by known explicit protocols is $1/4$ (Ambainis, 2001). We take a computational optimization approach, based mostly on convex optimization, to the search for simple and explicit quantum strong coin-flipping protocols. We present a search algorithm to identify protocols with low bias within a natural class, protocols based on bit-commitment (Nayak and Shor, 2003) restricting to commitment states used by Mochon (2005). An analysis of the resulting protocols via semidefinite programs (SDPs) unveils a simple structure. For example, we show that the SDPs reduce to second-order cone programs. We devise novel cheating strategies in the protocol by restricting the semidefinite programs and use the strategies to prune the search. The techniques we develop enable a computational search for protocols given by a mesh over the parameter space. The protocols have up to six rounds of communication, with messages of varying dimension and include the best known explicit protocol (with bias 1/4). We conduct two kinds of search: one for protocols with bias below 0.2499, and one for protocols in the neighbourhood of protocols with bias 1/4. Neither of these searches yields better bias. Based on the mathematical ideas behind the search algorithm, we prove a lower bound on the bias of a class of four-round protocols.
description: 74 pages (plus 16 page appendix), 27 tables, 3 figures. Comments welcome
Two Candidates for Dual AGN in Dwarf-Dwarf Galaxy Mergers
Creators: name: Mićić, Marko
name: Holmes, Olivia J.
name: Wells, Brenna N.
name: Irwin, Jimmy A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dual AGN are important for understanding galaxy-merger-triggered fueling of black holes and hierarchical growth of structures. The least explored type of dual AGN are those associated with mergers of two dwarf galaxies. According to observations and cosmological simulations, dwarf galaxies are the most abundant type of galaxies in the early Universe and the galaxy merger rate is dominated by dwarfs. However, these mergers are generally too distant to be directly observed, and low-redshift dwarf-dwarf merger-related dual AGN are notoriously hard to find. In this paper, we present the first results of our large-scale search for this elusive type of object and the first two candidates for dual AGN in dwarf-dwarf mergers. Both objects exhibit tidal features (tails and bridges) characteristic of galaxy mergers/interactions. One object is apparently in a late-stage merger with an AGN separation of < 5kpc, while the second is in an early-stage merger with interacting galaxies having established a tidal bridge. Both objects have dual, luminous X-ray sources that are most likely due to actively accreting massive black holes. Also, both objects have infrared counterparts, with colors consistent with being AGN. Follow-up observations will provide us a glimpse into key processes that govern the earliest phases of growth of galaxies, their central black holes, and merger-induced star formation.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ. 14 pages, 7 figures, 3 tables
Fractional Conformal Descendants and Correlators in General 2D $S_N$ Orbifold CFTs at Large $N$
Creators: name: Burrington, Benjamin A.
name: Peet, A. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider correlation functions in symmetric product ($S_N$) orbifold CFTs at large $N$ with arbitrary seed CFT. Specifically, we consider correlators of descendant operators constructed using both the full Virasoro generators $L_{m}$ and fractional Virasoro generators $\ell_{m/n_i}$. Using covering space techniques, we show that correlators of descendants may be written entirely in terms of correlators of ancestors, and further that the appropriate set of ancestors are those operators that lift to conformal primaries on the cover. We argue that the covering space data should cancel out in such calculations. To back this claim, we provide some example calculations by considering a three-point function of the form (4-cycle)-(2-cycle)-(5-cycle) that lifts to a three-point function of arbitrary primaries on the cover, and descendants thereof. In these examples we show that while the covering space is used for the calculation, the final descent relations do not depend on covering space data, nor on the details of which seed CFT is used to construct the orbifold, making these results universal.
description: 30 pages
General properties of phase diagrams of heavy-fermion metals
Creators: name: Shaginyan, V. R.
name: Msezane, A. Z.
name: Popov, K. G.
name: Japaridze, G. S.
name: Khodel, V. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the temperature-magnetic field T-B phase diagrams of heavy fermion (HF) metals, and show that at sufficiently high temperatures outside the ordered phase the crossover temperature T*(B), regarded as the energy scale, follows a linear B-dependence, crossing the origin of the T-B phase diagram. This behavior of T*(B) constitutes the general property, and is formed by the presence of fermion condensation quantum phase transition hidden within the ordered phase. Our result is in good agreement with the experimental T-B phase diagram of the HF metals YbRh2Si2, Yb(Rh{0.93}Co{0.07})2Si2, and Yb(Rh{0.94}Ir{0.06})2Si2. To support our observations, we analyze the isothermal magnetization M, and demonstrate that dM/dT exhibits a universal temperature behavior over magnetic field scaling. The obtained results are in good agreement with the corresponding data collected on YbRh2Si2 as a function of magnetic field at different temperatures under hydrostatic pressure.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1311.0629
Electron-scale shear instabilities: magnetic field generation and particle acceleration in astrophysical jets
Creators: name: Alves, E. P.
name: Grismayer, T.
name: Fonseca, R. A.
name: Silva, L. O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Strong shear flow regions found in astrophysical jets are shown to be important dissipation regions, where the shear flow kinetic energy is converted into electric and magnetic field energy via shear instabilities. The emergence of these self-consistent fields make shear flows significant sites for radiation emission and particle acceleration. We focus on electron-scale instabilities, namely the collisionless, unmagnetized Kelvin-Helmholtz instability (KHI) and a large-scale dc magnetic field generation mechanism on the electron scales. We show that these processes are important candidates to generate magnetic fields in the presence of strong velocity shears, which may naturally originate in energetic matter outburst of active galactic nuclei and gamma-ray bursters. We show that the KHI is robust to density jumps between shearing flows, thus operating in various scenarios with different density contrasts. Multidimensional particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations of the KHI, performed with OSIRIS, reveal the emergence of a strong and large-scale dc magnetic field component, which is not captured by the standard linear fluid theory. This dc component arises from kinetic effects associated with the thermal expansion of electrons of one flow into the other across the shear layer, whilst ions remain unperturbed due to their inertia. The electron expansion forms dc current sheets, which induce a dc magnetic field. Our results indicate that most of the electromagnetic energy developed in the KHI is stored in the dc component, reaching values of equipartition on the order of $10^{-3}$ in the electron time-scale, and persists longer than the proton time-scale. Particle scattering/acceleration in the self generated fields of these shear flow instabilities is also analyzed.
Foreword
Creators: name: Sauerland, Uli
name: Solt, Stephanie
Publisher: name: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung
Year: 2019

description: In these volumes, we are very pleased to present a collection of papers based on talks and posters at Sinn und Bedeutung 22, which took place in Berlin and Potsdam on September 7-10, 2017, jointly organized by the Leibniz-Centre for General Linguistics (ZAS) and the University of Potsdam. SuB22 received 183 submitted abstracts. Out of these, the organizing committee selected 39 oral presentations in the main session, 4 oral presentations in the special session ‘Semantics and Natural Logic’, and 24 poster presentations. There were an additional 6 invited talks. In total, 58 of these contributions appear in paper form in the present volumes. We would like to take this opportunity to thank the many colleagues who helped to make SuB22 a success: our fellow organizers Guillermo Del Pinal, Mira Grubic, Manfred Krifka and Malte Zimmermann, without whom the conference would not have been possible; the nearly 200 reviewers from around the world; our invited speakers Márta Abrusán, Amy Rose Deal, Danny Fox, Hannes Leitgeb, Louise McNally and Philippe Schlenker; staff members Anja Gollrad, Ines Mauer and Azura Frömming, who dealt with countless practical details; our student assistants Carla Boos, János Litzinger, Norman Brackmann, Marius Küch and Henry Salfner, who ably supported us in the preparation phases and during the conference, as well as Meredith Alongi, Jordan Chark and Elizabeth Pankratz, who served as editorial assistants in the production of these proceedings; and of course the presenters, session chairs and audience members. We would also like to acknowledge financial support from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (grant KR 951/13-1), the Leibniz-Centre for General Linguistics, and the University of Potsdam, as well as surplus funds from SuB21 from the University of Edinburgh. We look forward to seeing everyone in September 2018 in Barcelona for SuB23! Berlin, July 2018 Uli Sauerland and Stephanie Solt
description: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung, Vol 22 No 1 (2018): Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung 22
Unterrichtsstörungen in der Grundschule im Kontext einer Ethik pädagogischer Beziehungen
Creators: name: Picard, Ruben
Publisher: name: Universität Kassel
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Unterrichtsstörungen
subject: Pädagogische Beziehungen
subject: Grundschule
subject: LehrerIn-SchülerIn-Beziehung
subject: Klassenmanagement
subject: Qualitative Inhaltsanalyse
subject: 370
subject: Unterrichtsstörung
subject: Grundschule
subject: Lehrer-Schüler-Beziehung
subject: Pädagogische Handlung
subject: Qualitative Inhaltsanalyse

description: Ausgezeichnet mit dem Ernst Ulrich von Weizsäcker-Preis des ZLB 2019
Electroweak multi-monopoles
Creators: name: Gervalle, Romain
name: Volkov, Mikhail S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct the multi-charge generalizations for the electroweak magnetic monopole solution of Cho and Maison within a wide range of values of the magnetic charge. We use the same ansatz for the axially symmetric fields as the one previously employed to construct the electroweak sphalerons and compare the internal structure of monopoles with that of sphalerons. The monopoles have zero dipole moment but a finite quadrupole momentum that rapidly increases with growing magnetic charge. For large charges, the monopole configurations are strongly squashed and show inside a bubble of symmetric phase filled with a U(1) hypercharge field produced by a pointlike magnetic charge at the origin, strong enough to suppress all other fields and restore the full gauge symmetry. The bubble is surrounded by a large belt of broken phase containing a magnetically charged ring filled with a nonlinear W-condensate, squeezed between two superconducting rings of opposite electric currents. In the far field region there remains only the magnetic field supported by the total magnetic charge contained at the origin and in the magnetic ring. The axially symmetric monopoles are probably just a special case of more general monopole solutions not possessing any continuous symmetries. The Cho-Maison monopole is stable but the stability of its multi-charge generalizations is not yet confirmed. All electroweak monopoles have infinite energy due to the pointlike U(1) charge at the origin, but the energy is expected to become finite after taking gravity into account, which should provide a cutoff via creating an event horizon to shield the U(1) charge.
description: 48 pages, many figures
Modular linear differential equations for four-point sphere conformal blocks
Creators: name: Mahanta, Ratul
name: Sengupta, Tanmoy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct modular linear differential equations (MLDEs) w.r.t. subgroups of the modular group whose solutions are Virasoro conformal blocks appearing in the expansion of a crossing symmetric 4-point correlator on the sphere. This uses a connection between crossing transformations and modular transformations. We focus specifically on second order MLDEs with the cases of all identical and pairwise identical operators in the correlator. The central charge, the dimensions of the above operators and those of the intermediate ones are expressed in terms of parameters that occur in such MLDEs. In doing so, the $q$-expansions of the solutions to the MLDEs are compared with those of Virasoro blocks; hence, Zamolodchikov's elliptic recursion formula provides an important input. Using the actions of respective subgroups, bootstrap equations involving the associated 3-point coefficients have been set up and solved as well in terms of the MLDE parameters. We present explicit examples of MLDEs corresponding to BPZ and novel non-BPZ equations, as well as unitary and non-unitary CFTs.
description: 31 pages + appendices, 1 table, 4 figures
Textkomplexität und Textadaptation in der Linguistik
Exemplarische Analysen spanischer Texte
Creators: name: Roether, Valentina
Publisher: name: Universität Kassel
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Textlinguistik
subject: Textadaption
subject: Fremdsprachendidaktik
subject: Spanischunterricht
subject: Spanische Sprache
subject: 370
subject: 400
subject: Textlinguistik
subject: Adaption
subject: Fremdsprachenunterricht
subject: Spanischunterricht
subject: Spanisch

description: Ausgezeichnet mit dem Ulrich-von-Weizsäcker-Preis 2019 des ZLB.
Lake Pátzcuaro P’urhepecha and the Semantic Typology of Degree Constructions
Creators: name: Zyman, Erik
Publisher: name: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung
Year: 2019

description: Degree constructions are an area of grammar characterized by considerable crosslinguistic variation (Beck et al. 2009, Bhatt and Takahashi 2011, a.o.). As part of the project of describing and understanding the variation and nonvariation in this domain, I investigate the degree system of the Lake P´atzcuaro variety of P’urhepecha, an indigenous language of Mexico which is an isolate. By applying to Lake P´atzcuaro P’urhepecha the diagnostics developed by Beck et al. (2009), I show that this language has positive settings for the Degree Semantics Parameter, the Degree Abstraction Parameter, and the Degree Phrase Parameter, just like English. This is captured by extending to Lake P´atzcuaro P’urhepecha the semantic analysis of some core English degree constructions developed in Heim (2001) and related work. A prediction of this analysis—namely, that some Degree Phrases should participate in scope ambiguities—is shown to be correct for Lake Pátzcuaro P’urhepecha. Comparison between Lake Pátzcuaro P’urhepecha and English shows that two languages can have extremely similar degree systems even if they differ considerably along a number of dimensions in other areas of grammar, suggesting that crosslinguistic variation in degree systems may be largely independent of variation in other grammatical domains.
description: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung, Vol 19 (2015): Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung 19
Generation of spin squeezing via a fully quantum degenerate parametric amplifier
Creators: name: Liu, Yang
name: Song, Jie
name: Qin, Wei
name: Chen, Ye-Hong
name: Xia, Yan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spin squeezing is one of the most attractive methods for realizing high-precision metrology. In this paper, we propose a protocol for generating spin squeezing in an atomic ensemble via a fully quantum degenerate parametric amplifier. We discuss the properties of generating spin squeezing with and without driving the pump cavity. Numerical simulation results show that the generated spin squeezing strength is sizable, and is able to be comparable to that obtained using a two-axis twisting (TAT) model. Moreover, we demonstrate that the protocol is experimentally feasible by introducing the corresponding experimental parameters. Therefore, the proposed protocol provides a promising approach to realize spin squeezing in photon-spin coupling systems.
Lösungswerkzeuge von Erstklässler*innen bei Additions- und Subtraktionsaufgaben
Creators: name: Shaka, Emine
Publisher: name: Universität Kassel
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Grundschule
subject: Rechnen
subject: Lösungswerkzeuge
subject: Lösungsprozesse
subject: Mathematikdidaktik
subject: 370
subject: Grundschule
subject: Rechnen
subject: Problemlösen
subject: Mathematikunterricht
subject: Schuljahr 1

description: Ausgezeichnet mit dem Ulrich-von-Weizsäcker-Preis 2021 des ZLB
Combinatorial Interpretation of the Scalar Products of State Vectors of Integrable Models
Creators: name: Bogoliubov, N. M.
name: Malyshev, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The representation of the Bethe wave functions of certain integrable models via the Schur functions allows to apply the well-developed theory of the symmetric functions to the calculation of the thermal correlation functions. The algebraic relations arising in the calculation of the scalar products and the correlation functions are based on the Binet-Cauchy formula for the Schur functions. We provide a combinatorial interpretation of the formula for the scalar products of the Bethe state-vectors in terms of nests of the self-avoiding lattice paths constituting the so-called watermelon configurations. The interpretation proposed is, in its turn, related to the enumeration of the boxed plane partitions.
description: 11 pages, LaTeX, 6 figures
Beam functions for $N$-jettiness at N$^3$LO in perturbative QCD
Creators: name: Baranowski, Daniel
name: Behring, Arnd
name: Melnikov, Kirill
name: Tancredi, Lorenzo
name: Wever, Christopher
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a calculation of all matching coefficients for $N$-jettiness beam functions at next-to-next-to-next-to-leading order (N$^3$LO) in perturbative quantum chromodynamics (QCD). Our computation is performed starting from the respective collinear splitting kernels, which we integrate using the axial gauge. We use reverse unitarity to map the relevant phase-space integrals to loop integrals, which allows us to employ multi-loop techniques including integration-by-parts identities and differential equations. We find a canonical basis and use an algorithm to establish non-trivial partial fraction relations among the resulting master integrals, which allows us to reduce their number substantially. By use of regularity conditions, we express all necessary boundary constants in terms of an independent set, which we compute by direct integration of the corresponding integrals in the soft limit. In this way, we provide an entirely independent calculation of the matching coefficients which were previously computed in arXiv:2006.03056.
description: 57 pages, 3 figures, 4 ancillary files
A Grammatical View of Exhaustification with Focus Movement: Evidence from NPI-Licensing
Creators: name: Xiang, Yimei
Publisher: name: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung
Year: 2019

description: This paper offers an explanation to the NPI-licensing effect of only by incorporating focus movement into the grammatical view of exhaustification. The core assumption is that focus movement is motivated if interpreting focus in-situ yields a G-triviality/contradiction.
description: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung, Vol 19 (2015): Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung 19
Hilbert Series, the Higgs Mechanism, and HEFT
Creators: name: Gráf, Lukáš
name: Henning, Brian
name: Lu, Xiaochuan
name: Melia, Tom
name: Murayama, Hitoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We expand Hilbert series technologies in effective field theory for the inclusion of massive particles, enabling, among other things, the enumeration of operator bases for non-linearly realized gauge theories. We find that the Higgs mechanism is manifest at the level of the Hilbert series, as expected for the partition function of an $S$-matrix that is subject to the Goldstone equivalence theorem. In addition to massive vectors, we detail how other massive, spinning particles can be studied with Hilbert series; in particular, we spell out the ingredients for massive gravity in general spacetime dimensions. Further methodology is introduced to enable Hilbert series to capture the effect of spurion fields acquiring vevs. We apply the techniques to the Higgs Effective Field Theory (HEFT), providing a systematic enumeration of its operator basis. This is achieved both from a direct and a custodial symmetry spurion-based approach; we compare and contrast the two approaches, and our results to those appearing in previous literature.
description: 33 pages + an appendix, 1 ancillary Mathematica file
External and internal same: A unified account motivated by attitude reports
Creators: name: Zhang, Linmin
Publisher: name: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung
Year: 2019

description: I use empirical evidence from attitude reports to motivate a new characterization of natural language identity relation. More specifically, when de dicto attitude reports express an identity relation (e.g., John thinks A is B, John thinks A and B are the same), felicitous de re reports corresponding to them are systematically absent. This finding means that the identity relation encoded in natural language cannot be analyzed as a simple co-reference relation. Instead, I propose that in a given context, the identity relation between A and B means that contextually salient properties of A hold in certain worlds (e.g., in the belief worlds of an attitude holder) for B and vice versa. Based on this, I propose a new unified account for internal and external uses of same. Essentially, same is anaphoric: its antecedent is a plurality of individuals (i.e., res) and same means the intersection of contextually salient properties of each atomic individual involved in an identity relation.
description: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung, Vol 20 (2016): Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung 20
Diffusion of magnetic elements in a supergranular cell
Creators: name: Giannattasio, F.
name: Stangalini, M.
name: Berrilli, F.
name: Del Moro, D.
name: Rubio, L. Bellot
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Small scale magnetic fields (magnetic elements) are ubiquitous in the solar photosphere. Their interaction can provide energy to the upper atmospheric layers, and contribute to heat the solar corona. In this work, the dynamic properties of magnetic elements in the quiet Sun are investigated. The high number of magnetic elements detected in a supegranular cell allowed us to compute their displacement spectrum $\langle(Δr)^2\rangle\proptoτ^γ$ (being $γ>0$, and $τ$ the time since the first detection), separating the contribution of the network (NW) and the internetwork (IN) regions. In particular, we found $γ=1.27\pm0.05$ and $γ=1.08\pm0.11$ in NW (at smaller and larger scales, respectively), and $γ=1.44\pm0.08$ in IN. These results are discussed in light of the literature on the topic, as well as the implications for the build up of the magnetic network.
Wegwerfprodukte der Konsumgesellschaft – ein Thema für den Religionsunterricht der Grundschule?
Creators: name: Kretzschmar, Weike
Publisher: name: Universität Kassel
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Religionsunterricht
subject: Nachhaltigkeit
subject: Konsum
subject: Umweltschutz
subject: Grundschule
subject: 370
subject: Religionsunterricht
subject: Nachhaltigkeit
subject: Verbrauch
subject: Umweltschutz
subject: Grundschule

description: Ausgezeichnet mit dem Ernst Ulrich von Weizsäcker-Preis des ZLB 2020
The Beginnings of Formal Semantics: The Historical Context of Arnim von Stechow’s Contributions
Creators: name: Partee, Barbara H.
Publisher: name: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung
Year: 2019

description: The paper surveys the development of formal semantics and its ties to analytic philosophy and generative grammar.
description: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung, Vol 20 (2016): Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung 20
An observational investigation of the identity of B11244 ($l$-C$_3$H$^+$/C$_3$H$^-$)
Creators: name: McGuire, Brett A.
name: Carroll, P. Brandon
name: Gratier, Pierre
name: Guzmán, Viviana
name: Pety, Jerome
name: Roueff, Evelyne
name: Gerin, Maryvonne
name: Blake, Geoffrey A.
name: Remijan, Anthony J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Pety et al. (2012) have reported the detection of eight transitions of a closed-shell, linear molecule (B11244) in observations toward the Horsehead PDR, which they attribute to the $l$-C$_3$H$^+$ cation. Recent high-level \textit{ab initio} calculations have called this assignment into question; the anionic C$_3$H$^-$ molecule has been suggested as a more likely candidate. Here, we examine observations of the Horsehead PDR, Sgr B2(N), TMC-1, and IRC+10216 in the context of both $l$-C$_3$H$^+$ and C$_3$H$^-$. We find no observational evidence of $K_a = 1$ lines which should be present were the carrier indeed C$_3$H$^-$. Additionally, we find a strong anti-correlation between the presence of known molecular anions and B11244 in these regions. Finally, we discuss the formation and destruction chemistry of C$_3$H$^-$ in the context of the physical conditions in the regions. Based on these results, we conclude there is little evidence to support the carrier is C$_3$H$^-$.
description: 17 pages, 3 figures, accepted in the Astrophysical Journal
Semantic consequences of syntactic subject licensing: Aspectual predicates and concealed modality
Creators: name: Grano, Thomas
Publisher: name: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung
Year: 2019

description: Across a typologically diverse range of languages, aspectual verbs like begin and continue uniformly accept controlled complements (e.g., Kim began to open the door) but reject overt-subject complements (e.g., *Kim began for Sandy to open the door). This paper explains this pattern by assigning more meaning to the complement clause than is typically assumed, couched in Kratzer’s (2006) decompositional approach to attitude predicates and drawing on a long tradition of work on the semantics of infinitives. In particular, I propose that the licensing of overt subjects in for-to complements (and their cross-linguistic kin such as Greek subjunctives) involves a covert modal whose flavor renders such complements semantically incompatible with aspectual verbs.
description: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung, Vol 20 (2016): Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung 20
Cancer-driven dynamics of immune cells in a microfluidic environment
Creators: name: Agliari, Elena
name: Biselli, Elena
name: De Ninno, Adele
name: Schiavoni, Giovanna
name: Gabriele, Lucia
name: Gerardino, Anna
name: Mattei, Fabrizio
name: Barra, Adriano
name: Businaro, Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cell Behavior (q-bio.CB)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Scope of the present work is to frame into a rigorous, quantitative scaffold - stemmed from stochastic process theory - two sets of experiments designed to infer the spontaneous organization of leukocytes against cancer cells, namely mice splenocytes vs. B16 mouse tumor cells, and embedded in an "ad hoc" microfluidic environment developed on a LabOnChip technology. In the former, splenocytes from knocked out (KO) mice engineered to silence the transcription factor IRF-8, crucial for the development and function of several immune populations, were used. In this case lymphocytes and cancer cells exhibited a poor reciprocal exchange, resulting in the inability of coordinating or mounting an effective immune response against melanoma. In the second class of tests, wild type (WT) splenocytes were able to interact with and to coordinate a response against the tumor cells through physical interaction. The environment where cells moved was built of by two different chambers, containing respectively melanoma cells and splenocytes, connected by capillary migration channels allowing leucocytes to migrate from their chamber toward the melanoma one. We collected and analyzed data on the motility of the cells and found that the first ensemble of IRF-8 KO cells performed pure uncorrelated random walks, while WT splenocytes were able to make singular drifted random walks, that, averaged over the ensemble of cells, collapsed on a straight ballistic motion for the system as a whole. At a finer level of investigation, we found that IRF-8 KO splenocytes moved rather uniformly since their step lengths were exponentially distributed, while WT counterpart displayed a qualitatively broader motion as their step lengths along the direction of the melanoma were log-normally distributed.
Three Dimensional Metallic and Two Dimensional Insulating Behavior in Tantalum Dichalcogenides
Creators: name: Darancet, Pierre
name: Millis, Andrew J.
name: Marianetti, Chris A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using density functional theory with added on-site interactions (DFT+U), we study the electronic structure of bulk, monolayer, and bilayer of the layered transition-metal dichalcogenide $1T-TaS_2$. We show that a two-dimensional spin--$\frac{1}{2}$ Mott-phase exists for the monolayer in the charge-density wave state (CDW) and that such a phase is systematically destroyed by packing of the distorted layers leading to a one dimensional metal for bulk, CDW-distorted TaS$_2$. The latter finding is in contrast with previous DMFT predictions --disagreement we explain by the weak effective interaction felt by the electrons in the CDW state. Experimental observations of insulating behavior may arise from disorder due to stacking faults.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Study of pressure-induced amorphization in sulfur using \textit{ab initio} molecular dynamics
Creators: name: Plašienka, Dušan
name: Martoňák, Roman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report results of ab initio constant-pressure molecular dynamics simulations of sulfur compression leading to structural transition and pressure-induced amorphization. Starting from the orthorhombic S-I phase composed of S$_8$ ring molecules we find at room temperature and pressure of 20 GPa a transformation to monoclinic phase where half of the molecules develop a different conformation. Upon further compression, the monoclinic phase undergoes pressure-induced amorphization into an amorphous phase, in agreement with experiments. We study the dynamics of the amorphization transition and investigate the evolution of intra and intermolecular distances in the monoclinic phase in order to provide a microscopic insight into the rings disintegration process leading to amorphization. In the amorphous form we examine the structural properties and discuss its relation to the experimentally found amorphous form and to underlying crystal phases as well. The amorphous form we find appears to correspond to the experimentally observed low density amorphous form.
description: 9 pages, 10 figures
Ambiguitätstoleranz
Wie kann Ambiguitätstoleranz durch interreligiöses Lernen im Religionsunterricht an beruflichen Schulen gefördert werden? Welche Chancen und Herausforderungen ergeben sich?
Creators: name: Krüger, Tim
Publisher: name: Universität Kassel
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Ambiguitätstoleranz
subject: Interreligiöses Lernen
subject: berufliche Schule
subject: Heterogenität oder Berufsschule
subject: Pluralitätsfähigkeit
subject: 200
subject: 370
subject: Ambiguitätstoleranz
subject: Interreligiöses Lernen
subject: Berufsbildende Schule
subject: Heterogenität
subject: Religionsunterricht

description: Zugleich: Masterarbeit, Universität Kassel
Partizipation im Rahmen der Wochenplanarbeit
Creators: name: Ruch, Hannah
Publisher: name: Universität Kassel
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Kinderrechtskonvention
subject: Grundschule
subject: Wochenplanarbeit
subject: Selbstbestimmung
subject: Mitbestimmung
subject: 300
subject: 370
subject: Kinder
subject: Grundschule
subject: Wochenplan
subject: Partizipation
subject: Mitbestimmung
subject: Selbstbestimmung

description: Ausgezeichnet mit dem Ernst Ulrich von Weizsäcker-Preis des ZLB 2020
A glimpse into pion gravitational form factor
Creators: name: Xing, Zanbin
name: Ding, Minghui
name: Chang, Lei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide a novel approach to calculate the gravitational form factor of pion under the ladder approximation of the Bethe-Salpeter equation, with contact interactions. Central to this approach is a symmetry-preserving treatment of the dressed $ππ$ amplitude, which shows explicitly the contributions from intrinsic quarks and bound states, the latter being necessary to produce the $D$-term of pion in the soft-pion limit. The approach we provide in this work can be applied to many processes of physical significance.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures
Theta-head binding in the German locative alternation
Creators: name: Geist, Ljudmila
name: Hole, Daniel
Publisher: name: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung
Year: 2019

description: In this paper, we analyze the locative alternation of the spray/load-type with be-prefixation in German on the basis of the analysis of free datives proposed in Hole (2008, 2012, 2014). We argue that both structures involve obligatory variable binding in a local domain, triggered by a functional theta head. The core of our analysis elaborates upon Kratzer’s (2009) proposal to implement reflexivity in an agent-severed system. According to this proposal, binder indices are tied to verbal functional heads (theta heads) instead of so-called antecedent DPs.
description: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung, Vol 20 (2016): Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung 20
Dyadic Cantor set and its kinetic and stochastic counterpart
Creators: name: Hassan, M. K.
name: Pavel, N. I.
name: Pandit, R. K.
name: Kurths, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Firstly, we propose and investigate a dyadic Cantor set (DCS) and its kinetic counterpart where a generator divides an interval into two equal parts and removes one with probability $(1-p)$. The generator is then applied at each step to all the existing intervals in the case of DCS and to only one interval, picked with probability according to interval size, in the case of kinetic DCS. Secondly, we propose a stochastic DCS in which, unlike the kinetic DCS, the generator divides an interval randomly instead of equally into two parts. Finally, the models are solved analytically; an exact expression for fractal dimension in each case is presented and the relationship between fractal dimension and the corresponding conserved quantity is pointed out. Besides, we show that the interval size distribution function in both variants of DCS exhibits dynamic scaling and we verify it numerically using the idea of data-collapse.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures, To appear in Chaos, Solitons & Fractals
Secured and annotated execution of workflows with WfExS-backend
Creators: name: Fernández, José M
name: Rodríguez-Navas, Laura
name: Capella-Gutiérrez, Salvador
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2022

description: WfExS-backend (https://github.com/inab/WfExS-backend) is a high-level workflow execution command line program, which fetches and materialize all the elements needed to run a workflow: the workflow itself, the engine, the needed software containers and the inputs. The program both creates and consumes RO-Crates, focusing on the interconnection of content-sensitive research infrastructures for handling sensitive human data analysis scenarios. WfExS-backend delegates workflow execution on existing workflow engines, e.g. Nextflow or cwltool, and it is designed to facilitate secure and reproducible workflow executions to promote analysis reproducibility and replicability using sensitive data. Secure executions are achieved using FUSE encrypted directories for non-disclosable inputs, intermediate workflow execution results and output files.

 RO-Crate representations of those executions are, indeed, an element of knowledge transfer between repeated workflow executions. WfExS-backend stores all the gathered execution details, output metadata and execution provenance in the output RO-Crate to achieve future reproducible executions. Final execution results can be encrypted with GA4GH crypt4gh standard using the public keys of the target researchers or destination so that the results can be safely moved outside the execution environments through unsecured networks and storage.

 Future developments are focused on ironing secure data export procedures and supporting other workflow engines, like SnakeMake or Galaxy.
Quantificational variability and the genesis of English headed wh-relatives
Creators: name: Robert, Truswell
name: Gisborne, Nikolas
Publisher: name: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung
Year: 2019

description: English headed wh-relatives developed from Old English free hw-relatives, but many descriptive grammars associate free hw-relatives primarily with generalizing interpretations quite unlike the standard semantics for headed relatives. We demonstrate that these generalizing interpretations are reducible to factors external to the free relative itself, and that these external factors are less common with clause-final free hw-relatives. Clause-final free hw-relatives are more likely to be interpreted as definite, which brings them closer to typical interpretation of headed relatives.
description: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung, Vol 19 (2015): Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung 19
Slovenian Imperatives: You Can’t Always Embed What You Want!
Creators: name: Stegovec, Adrian
name: Kaufmann, Magdalena
Publisher: name: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung
Year: 2019

description: Slovenian has been argued to embed imperatives more freely than other languages do. We argue that the phenomenon is subject to semantic and pragmatic constraints that have been overlooked in the previous literature and that shed light on the semantics of imperatives in general.
description: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung, Vol 19 (2015): Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung 19
B-RNS-GSS heterotic string in curved backgrounds
Creators: name: Berkovits, Nathan
name: Chandia, Osvaldo
name: Gomide, Joao
name: Martins, Lucas N. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recently established B-RNS-GSS formalism is extended for the description of the heterotic superstring in curved backgrounds. We propose a generalized action and BRST charge defined in the small Hilbert space with the standard form of an $\mathcal{N}=(1,0)$ worldsheet superconformal theory with superconformal generator $G$ and stress tensor $T$. We show that $\big\{G,G\big\}=-2T$ implies the D=10 N=1 supergravity and super-Yang-Mills equations of motion, as well as holomorphicity of the BRST charge.
description: 25 pages + appendices; reference arXiv number added
Romanistik an einer Reformuniversität
Entstehung und Entwicklung eines neuen Modells der Fremdsprachenlehrerausbildung in Zeiten der Bildungsreform
Creators: name: Kather, Alexander
Publisher: name: Universität Kassel
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 370
subject: 440
subject: Romanistik
subject: Sprachlehrer
subject: Lehrerbildung
subject: Bildungsreform
subject: Hochschulreform

description: Ausgezeichnet mit dem Ernst Ulrich von Weizsäcker-Preis des ZLB 2019
Presupposed Ignorance and Exhaustification
Creators: name: Spector, Benjamin
name: Sudo, Yasutada
Publisher: name: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung
Year: 2019

description: This paper investigates the interactions between presuppositions and scalar implicatures. We start our discussion with a previously undiscussed puzzle which we call presupposed ignorance and offer a preliminary account of it. We then claim that certain types of interactions between presuppositions and scalar implicatures, namely those involving Strawson-decreasing presupposition triggers and weak scalar items, can be understood as special cases of presupposed ignorance. But we also point out that this cannot be the whole story, as it runs into problem with examples involving Strawson-increasing presupposition triggers with weak scalar items. To counter this problem, we propose that the mechanism of scalar strengthening, namely the exhaustivity operator (EXH), interacts with the mechanism responsible for presupposed ignorance in an intricate manner, thereby giving rise to the complex empirical patterns we observe.
description: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung, Vol 19 (2015): Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung 19
Relativistic positioning: errors due to uncertainties in the satellite world lines
Creators: name: Puchades, Neus
name: Sáez, Diego
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Global navigation satellite systems use appropriate satellite constellations to get the coordinates of an user -close to Earth- in an almost inertial reference system. We have simulated both GPS and GALILEO constellations. Uncertainties in the satellite world lines lead to dominant positioning errors. In this paper, a detailed analysis of these errors is developed inside a great region surrounding Earth. This analysis is performed in the framework of the so-called relativistic positioning systems. Our study is based on the Jacobian, J, of the transformation giving the emission coordinates in terms of the inertial ones. Around points of vanishing J, positioning errors are too large. We show that, for any 4-tuple of satellites, the points with J=0 are located at distances, D, from the Earth centre greater than about 2R/3, where R is the radius of the satellite orbits which are assumed to be circumferences. Our results strongly suggest that, for D-distances greater than 2R/3 and smaller than 100000 km, a rather good positioning may be achieved by using appropriate satellite 4-tuples without J=0 points located in the user vicinity. The way to find these 4-tuples is discussed for arbitrary users with D<100000 km and, then, preliminary considerations about satellite navigation at D<100000 km are presented. Future work on the subject of space navigation -based on appropriate simulations- is in progress.
description: 20 pages, 9 figures, published online in Astrophys. Space, Sci