cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Quantum neural compressive sensing for ghost imaging
Creators: name: Zhai, Xinliang
name: Xiao, Tailong
name: Huang, Jingzheng
name: Fan, Jianping
name: Zeng, Guihua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Demonstrating the utility of quantum algorithms is a long-standing challenge, where quantum machine learning becomes one of the most promising candidate that can be resorted to. In this study, we investigate a quantum neural compressive sensing algorithm for ghost imaging to showcase its utility. The algorithm utilizes the variational quantum circuits to reparameterize the inverse problem of ghost imaging and uses the inductive bias of the physical forward model to perform optimization. To validate the algorithm's effectiveness, we conduct optical ghost imaging experiments, capturing signals from objects at different physical sampling rates and detection signal-to-noise ratios. The experimental results show that our proposed algorithm surpasses conventional methods in both visual appearance and quantitative metrics, achieving state-of-the-art performance. Importantly, we observe that the quantum neural network, guided by prior knowledge of physics, effectively overcomes the challenge of barren plateau in the optimization process. The proposed algorithm demonstrates robustness against various quantum noise levels, making it suitable for near-term quantum devices. Our study leverages physical inductive bias guided variational quantum algorithm, underscoring the potential of quantum computation in tackling a broad range of optimization and inverse problems.
Signalling initiation by blood dendritic cell antigen 2, a novel immunoglobulin receptor on plasmacytoid dendritic cells
Creators: name: Kim, Jong-Won
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2018

description: The focus of this project is a human-specific C-type lectin with potential roles in cell signalling: blood dendritic cell antigen 2 (BDCA-2). BDCA-2, a plasmacytoid dendritic cell-specific molecular marker, has been evaluated as a therapeutic target against auto-immune disorders, because antibodies to BDCA-2 inhibit the production of type I interferon. Accordingly, key goals of the project were to identify endogenous ligands for BDCA-2, to characterise the mechanism of ligand binding and ultimately to determine how ligands stimulate signalling pathways. A combination of BDCA-2 affinity chromatography column and mass spectrometry revealed that α2 macroglobulin and immunoglobulins, IgA, IgM and IgG are potential endogenous ligands in human serum. Competition binding studies conducted to characterise the binding affinity for each glycoprotein demonstrated that IgA has the highest affinity. Strategies for biochemical development of defined glycoforms of IgG Fc domain were established. The Chinese hamster ovary cell system for expression of Fc domain and the activity of enzymes necessary for chemoenzymatic glycoengineering have been tested. BDCA2 organisation in the cell membrane was studied by development of a transfected cell system which was analysed by affinity purification of BDCA-2 followed by analysis of protein-protein interactions. The results demonstrate that it is likely that BDCA-2 assembles with Fc receptor γ-chain in a 2:2 complex.
title: Stapled sheets including notes about the "political vaccum" of the army
title: Feuillets agrafés comportant des notes sur le "vide politique" de l'armée
title: أوراق مدبسة تتضمّن مذكرات عن "الفراغ السياسي" للجيش السوري
Creators: name: Seurat, Michel
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2019

description: Source: http://www.calames.abes.fr/pub/ms/FileId-2994
description: created: sine data
EUVE J0425.6-5714: A Newly Discovered AM Herculis Star
Creators: name: Halpern, J. P.
name: Leighly, K. M.
name: Marshall, H. L.
name: Eracleous, M.
name: Storchi-Bergmann, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We detected a new AM Her star serendipitously in a 25 day observation with the EUVE satellite. A coherent period of 85.82 min is present in the EUVE Deep Survey imager light curve of this source. A spectroscopic identification is made with a 19th magnitude blue star that has H and He emission lines, and broad cyclotron humps typical of a magnetic cataclysmic variable. A lower limit to the polar magnetic field of 46 MG is estimated from the spacing of the cyclotron harmonics. EUVE J0425.6-5714 is also detected in archival ROSAT HRI observations spanning two months, and its stable and highly structured light curve permits us to fit a coherent ephemeris linking the ROSAT and EUVE data over a 1.3 yr gap. The derived period is 85.82107 +/- 0.00020 min, and the ephemeris should be accurate to 0.1 cycles until the year 2005. A narrow but partial X-ray eclipse suggests that this object belongs to the group of Am Her stars whose viewing geometry is such that the accretion stream periodically occults the soft X-ray emitting accretion spot on the surface of the white dwarf. A non-detection of hard X-rays from ASCA observations that are contemporaneous with the ROSAT HRI shows that the soft X-rays must dominate by at least an order of magnitude, which is consistent with a known trend among AM Her stars with large magnetic field. This object should not be confused with the Seyfert galaxy 1H 0419-577 (= LB 1727), another X-ray/EUV source which lies only 4' away, and was the principal target of these monitoring observations.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures, to appear in PASP, Dec. 1998 issue
Corvus monedula Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Passeriformes
Corvidae
Corvus
Corvus monedula

description: Corvus monedula [spec. nov.]
C. fusca, occipite incano, fronte alis caudaque nigris. Fn. svec. 72.
Monedula s. Lupus. Aldr. orn. l. 12. c. 9. Will. ornith. 85. t. 19. Raj. av. 40. Alb. av. 1. p. 14. t. 14. Frisch. av. t. 67.
Habitat in Europae agris; gregarla.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 106, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Dissection of the molecular determinants and pathways involved in Hepatitis B virus (HBV) entry into hepatocytes
Creators: name: Evripioti, Antonia Alexandra
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2017

description: HBV entry into cells is mediated through a precisely orchestrated interaction of the pre-S1 glycoprotein domain of the virus principally with the sodium taurocholate cotransporting polypeptide (NTCP) receptor on the surface of hepatocytes. However, in vitro this typically relies on high multiplicities of infections, and even in this case a very small majority of the hepatocytes become infected with the virus. Here we describe a mechanism by which DMSO facilitates overexpression of human NTCP, resulting in the bulk trafficking of the receptor to the cell surface and hence enhancing susceptibility of these cells to HBV infection. This mechanism is an intricate network of intracellular interactions, with the main one being the inhibition of particular phosphodiesterases (PDEs), including PDE4, by DMSO. This outcome can hopefully now open the door for the study of new small molecule inhibitors to prevent HBV entry into hepatocytes by specifically targeting the levels of NTCP on the cells’ surface. It is highly likely, however, that HBV entry into hepatocytes additionally relies on other, yet not fully characterised, cell surface receptors or host factors. Such an example may be the asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGPR), which our data suggests may possibly be important and play a role during HBV entry. In particular, we found that the simultaneous presence of NTCP and ASGPR enhanced entry of HBV-mimicking particles into hepatocytes, more so than when only the NTCP receptor was overexpressed on those cells. This is the first study to have established positive HBV infection of a mouse hepatic cell line overexpressing a chimeric form of the NTCP receptor. This outcome should hopefully now open the road towards further research and understanding of the HBV interspecies transmission barrier, as well as identification of those host factors vital for productive HBV infection in vitro and in vivo.
The Nonlinear Redshift Space Power Spectrum: Omega from Redshift Surveys
Creators: name: Fisher, K. B.
name: Nusser, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the anisotropies in the power spectrum by the mapping of real to redshift space. Using the Zel'dovich approximation, we obtain an analytic expression for the nonlinear redshift space power spectrum in the distant observer limit. For a given unbiased galaxy distribution in redshift space, the anisotropies in the power spectrum depend on the parameter $f(Ω)\approx Ω^{0.6}$, where $Ω$ is the density parameter. We quantify these anisotropies by the ratio, $R$, of the quadrupole to monopole angular moments of the power spectrum. In contrast to linear theory, the Zel'dovich approximation predicts a decline in $R$ with decreasing scale. This departure from linear theory is due to nonlinear dynamics and not a result of incoherent random velocities. The rate of decline depends strongly on $Ω$ and the initial power spectrum. However, we find a {\it universal} relation between the quantity $R/R_{lin}$ (where $R_{lin}$ the linear theory value of $R$) and the dimensionless variable $k/k_{nl}$, where $k_{nl}$ is a wavenumber determined by the scale of nonlinear structures. The universal relation is in good agreement with a large N-body simulation. This universal relation greatly extends the scales over which redshift distortions can be used as a probe of $Ω$. A preliminary application to the 1.2 Jy IRAS yields $Ω\sim 0.4$ if IRAS galaxies are unbiased.
description: uuencoded compressed postscript. The preprint is also available at http://www.ast.cam.ac.uk/preprint/PrePrint.html
Self-torque and angular momentum balance for a spinning charged sphere
Creators: name: Bonga, Beatrice
name: Poisson, Eric
name: Yang, Huan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Angular momentum balance is examined in the context of the electrodynamics of a spinning charged sphere, which is allowed to possess any variable angular velocity. We calculate the electric and magnetic fields of the (hollow) sphere, and express them as expansions in powers of $τ/t_c \ll 1$, the ratio of the light-travel time $τ$ across the sphere and the characteristic time scale $t_c$ of variation of the angular velocity. From the fields we compute the self-torque exerted by the fields on the sphere, and argue that only a piece of this self-torque can be associated with radiation reaction. Then we obtain the rate at which angular momentum is radiated away by the shell, and the total angular momentum contained in the electromagnetic field. With these results we demonstrate explicitly that the field angular momentum is lost in part to radiation and in part to the self-torque; angular momentum balance is thereby established. Finally, we examine the angular motion of the sphere under the combined action of the self-torque and an additional torque supplied by an external agent.
description: 13 pages, matches version published in American Journal of Physics
Pseudopithomyces Maydicus and Phialophora Chinensis Rare Fungal Keratitis: Case Series, DNA Sequencing, Antifungal Susceptibility Patterns
Creators: name: Mitra, Sanchita
name: Kambar, Swati
name: Shanbhag, Swapna S.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: We report two cases of fungal keratitis due to rare melanized fungal pathogens in ocular infection, one is the first case report of keratitis due to Pseudopithomyces maydicus and the second is keratitis due to rare fungal pathogen in ocular infections Phialophora chinensis. Conventional mycology during routine diagnostics helped in identifying these rare fungal isolates, following which we proceeded for the confirmation of identification by DNA sequencing and did in-vitro antifungal susceptibility test to understand their susceptibility pattern. The clinical information for these two patients were collected from hospital electronic medical records. We discuss the clinical presentation, treatment given, and clinical outcome in these patients and correlate these with the conventional microbiology and sequencing techniques, which helped in identifying the pathogen and the in-vitro antifungal susceptibility of these rare isolates. We also do a brief literature review for these two rare fungal pathogens. Pseudopithomyces maydicus and Phialophora chinensis are rare causes of fungal keratitis due to melanized fungi. Both of this fungal keratitis respond well to medical therapy alone if diagnosed and treated early.
The blast pelvis
Creators: name: Webster, Claire Elizabeth
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2017

description: Decreasing the human cost of war is a vital role within the Ministry of Defence, and the Defence Medical Services. With the considerable improvements in care, from point of wounding to rehabilitation, it is possible that we have reached the ceiling of optimal management with available, deployed resources. Injury prevention or mitigation may therefore have a more important role than ever in improving survival rates. The current character of conflict, and certainly the recent conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan have seen the Improvised Explosive Device used to devastating effect to personnel. These devices cause multisystem injuries, and have a high fatality. The lower extremity was most often affected in these recent conflicts, and many fatalities occurred. A greater understanding of lower extremity trauma biomechanics is likely to be key to preventing future fatalities due to injuries in this body region. This thesis focusses on lower extremity blast injury, performs a review of current understanding, and undertakes a casualty data analysis to further understand injury patterns and the cause of fatal wounding. This analysis finds that haemorrhage secondary to pelvic fracture is the key factor in fatal lower extremity injuries, and therefore an area of considerable research interest. Pelvic injury patterns were therefore analysed using measurement techniques to qualify injury patterns and understand the link between injury patterns and the presence of vascular injury. Subsequent physical and computational testing provided a platform to apply different loading conditions to the pelvis to replicate a blast injury, and understand the behaviour of the bony structures under high rate axial loading. This thesis concludes that the anterior pelvic ring at the pubic symphysis is key to pelvic integrity at high rates of loading. Disruption of the anterior pelvis can lead to subsequent posterior ligamentous rupture which, due to the proximity to major vessels, can lead to major haemorrhage and death. Preventing lateral disruption may be the key to maintaining pelvic integrity at these high loading rates, and preventing vascular compromise and fatality from lower extremity blast injuries.
Non-thermal Origin of the EUV and Soft X-rays from the Coma Cluster - Cosmic Rays in Equipartition with the Thermal Medium
Creators: name: Lieu, R.
name: Ip, W. -H.
name: Axford, W. I.
name: Bonamente, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The role of cosmic rays (CR) in the formation and evolution of clusters of galaxies has been much debated. It may well be related to other fundamental questions, such as the mechanism which heats and virializes the intracluster medium (ICM), and the frequency at which the ICM is shocked. There is now compelling evidence both from the cluster soft excess (CSE) and the `hard-tail' emissions at energies above 10 keV, that many clusters are luminous sources of inverse-Compton (IC) emission. This is the first direct measurement of cluster CR: the technique is free from our uncertainties in the ICM magnetic field, and is not limited to the small subset of clusters which exhibit radio halos. The CSE emitting electrons fall within a crucial decade of energy where they have the least spectral evolution, and where most of the CR pressure resides. However their survival times do not date them back to the relic CR population. By using the CSE data of the Coma cluster, we demonstrate that the CR are energetically as important as the thermal ICM: the two components are in pressure equiparition. Thus, contrary to previous expectations, CR are a dominant component of the ICM, and their origin and effects should be explored. The best-fit CR spectral index is in agreement with the Galactic value.
description: ApJ accepted; 10 pages LaTeX; 2 figures and 1 table in PostScript
The Missing Satellites of the Magellanic Clouds? Gaia Proper Motions of the Recently Discovered Ultra-Faint Galaxies
Creators: name: Kallivayalil, Nitya
name: Sales, Laura
name: Zivick, Paul
name: Fritz, Tobias K.
name: Del Pino, Andrés
name: Sohn, Sangmo Tony
name: Besla, Gurtina
name: van der Marel, Roeland P.
name: Navarro, Julio F.
name: Sacchi, Elena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: According to LCDM theory, hierarchical evolution occurs on all mass scales, implying that satellites of the Milky Way should also have companions. The recent discovery of ultra-faint dwarf galaxy candidates in close proximity to the Magellanic Clouds provides an opportunity to test this theory. We present proper motion (PM) measurements for 13 of the 32 new dwarf galaxy candidates using Gaia data release 2. All 13 also have radial velocity measurements. We compare the measured 3D velocities of these dwarfs to those expected at the corresponding distance and location for the debris of an LMC analog in a cosmological numerical simulation. We conclude that 4 of these galaxies (Hor1, Car2, Car3 and Hyi1) have come in with the Magellanic Clouds, constituting the first confirmation of the type of satellite infall predicted by LCDM. Ret2, Tuc2 and Gru1 have velocity components that are not consistent within 3 sigma of our predictions and are therefore less favorable. Hya2 and Dra2 could be associated with the LMC and merit further attention. We rule out Tuc3, Cra2, Tri2 and Aqu2 as potential members. Of the dwarfs without measured PMs, 5 of them are deemed unlikely on the basis of their positions and distances alone as being too far from the orbital plane expected for LMC debris (Eri2, Ind2, Cet2, Cet3 and Vir1). For the remaining sample, we use the simulation to predict PMs and radial velocities, finding that Phx2 has an overdensity of stars in DR2 consistent with this PM prediction.
description: 14 pages, 7 figures, 3 tables. Accepted to ApJ
Promotion of 14-3-3ζ/Heme Oxygenase-1 Axis on Endotoxin-Induced Uveitis and Microglia Ferroptosis in Mice
Creators: name: Li, Mohan
name: Gao, Sijia
name: Wen, Yu
name: Yong, Liang
name: Tao, Liming
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Uveitis is a common, sight-threatening inflammatory ocular disease and is the main cause of blindness, which is caused by autoimmune response, infection, and injury. The contribution of 14-3-3ζ in uveitis remains obscure. This study aims to investigate the role of 14-3-3ζ in regulating ferroptosis in retinal inflammation and its contribution to uveitis. A lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced uveitis mouse model and BV-2 cell line were used to examine the effect of LPS stimulation on the expression of 14-3-3ζ and ferroptosis in microglia. The expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) was also analyzed to understand its role in promoting microglial ferroptosis. We found that LPS stimulation increased the expression of 14-3-3ζ and promoted ferroptosis in microglia. Additionally, 14-3-3ζ was found to promote microglial ferroptosis by stabilizing the expression of HO-1. These findings suggest that the 14-3-3ζ/HO-1 axis plays a crucial role in promoting microglial ferroptosis in retinal inflammation. The study provides valuable insights into the mechanisms underlying uveitis and highlights the potential of the 14-3-3ζ/HO-1 axis as a therapeutic target for the disease. Further research in this area could lead to the development of preventive and therapeutic strategies for uveitis.
Molecular simulations of heat transport in water and aqueous solutions
Creators: name: Iriarte Carretero, Irene
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2016

description: This Thesis explores heat transfer mechanisms and non-equilibrium effects in ice and aqueous solutions using computational techniques. In the first chapter, a study of the thermal conductivity of ice phases Ih, VI and VII was performed for the TIP4P/Ice water model using both equilibrium and non-equilibrium molecular dynamics. Significant differences were found between experiment and simulation for phases Ih and VII, while better agreement was displayed by phase VI. Heat flux autocorrelation functions and their spectra were decomposed into acoustic and optic contributions, which were different for each of the phases studied. The thermal conductivity and spectra of a plastic phase appearing at high pressures and temperatures in several water models was studied and compared with phase VII. Results show a similar value of thermal conductivity despite having a different structure. In chapter two, the thermophoretic response of different nanosolutes was studied in infinitely dilute aqueous solutions using the single particle thermophoretic algorithm. A linear increase in the thermophoretic force was observed with increasing temperature and an inversion in the sign of the thermophoretic response was observed in the 250-400K temperature range. The free energy of solvation of the nanosolutes was studied and decomposed into its enthalpic and entropic contributions. A reasonable estimate of the Soret coefficient was obtained using these values. Finally, the thermopolarisation of TIP4P/2005 water was studied for a wide range of thermodynamic states. The effect features a significant enhancement near the critical point and a reversal in the sign of the thermopolarisation coefficient was observed at higher densities and lower temperatures. The thermopolarisation coefficient shows a strong correlation with the thermal expansion coefficient. The thermopolarisation response of the ice plastic phase was compared to ice VII, with the latter showing a stronger response despite the rotational freedom of the plastic phase.
Lensing by Distant Clusters: HST Observations of Weak Shear in the Field of 3C324
Creators: name: Smail, Ian
name: Dickinson, Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the detection of weak gravitational lensing in the field of the radio galaxy 3C324 (z=1.206) using deep HST imaging. ~From an analysis of the shapes of faint R=24.5-27.5 galaxies in the field we measure a weak, coherent distortion centered close to the radio source. This shear field most likely arises from gravitational lensing of distant field galaxies by a foreground mass concentration. In the light of previous observations of this region, which indicate the presence of a rich cluster around the radio source, we suggest that the most likely candidate for the lens is the cluster associated with the radio galaxy at z=1.2. If so, this is the most distant cluster to have been detected by weak shear observations. Such a statement has two important consequences. Firstly, it shows that massive, collapsed structures exist in the high redshift Universe, and secondly that a significant fraction of the R=24.5-27.5 field galaxy population lies beyond z=1.2.
description: 6 pages, uuencoded, compressed Postscript (no Figure 1), accepted for publication in ApJL. Postscript version including additional plate (329 Kb) available at ftp://ociw.edu/pub/irs/pub/3c324.ps.Z
Incident Ocular Inflammation After COVID-19 Infection in a US Veteran Population
Creators: name: Roston, Sydney
name: Minkus, Caroline L.
name: Armbrust, Karen R.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: To investigate whether COVID-19 infection is a risk factor for incident ocular inflammatory disease. Retrospective case-crossover study. The US Veterans Health Administration Corporate Data Warehouse was used to identify patients with positive COVID-19 testing and incident ocular inflammatory disease between March 2020 and May 2022. The timing of incident ocular inflammation and COVID-19 testing was assessed for each participant to determine whether positive COVID-19 testing occurred 0–60 days prior to incident ocular inflammation diagnosis (risk period) or 15–75 days after incident ocular inflammation diagnosis (control period). The main outcome measure was the odds of positive COVID-19 testing in the risk period versus control period. Of the 1006 patients with incident ocular inflammation and a positive COVID-19 test in the study period, the age mean ± standard deviation was 62.6 ± 9.8 years and 840 (83%) were male. The odds of COVID-19 exposure was higher in the risk than control period (odds ratio [OR], 1.56; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.04–2.36; P = 0.03). Ocular inflammation was more likely to be bilateral in the risk period (OR, 3.97; 95% CI, 1.01–23.01; P = 0.03). Other ocular features and demographic characteristics were similar in the risk and control periods. Most cases of ocular inflammation were quiescent at the most recent eye examination. Incident ocular inflammation is associated with COVID-19 infection, but the increased risk is small, and the ocular inflammation is typically acute.
Uveitis and Scleritis as a Risk Factor for Mortality
Creators: name: Lim, Joevy Z.
name: Samalia, Priya D.
name: Sims, Joanne L.
name: Niederer, Rachael L.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Uveitis and scleritis may be caused by local or systemic infection, or associated with noninfectious systemic inflammatory autoimmune disease. This study explored the all-cause mortality following an individual’s first presentation with uveitis/scleritis. A cross-sectional study was conducted on all uveitis/scleritis patients diagnosed by uveitis specialists and treated in a single tertiary referral center in New Zealand between 2006 and 2020(15y). Masquerade syndromes including intraocular lymphoma were excluded. Outcome measures: demographics, etiology of uveitis/scleritis, anatomical location and all-cause mortality. 2723 subjects were identified. Median age of onset of uveitis/scleritis was 44.9 years (Range:1.5–99.5 years). 49.6% were female. Median follow-up from diagnosis of uveitis/scleritis was 8.0 years (IQR 4.1–11.6 years) with a total follow-up of 24 443.3 subject-years. The most frequent diagnosis was idiopathic disease (30.9%), HLA-B27-positive uveitis (20.0%), and sarcoidosis (4.7%). Infectious etiologies (24.1%) were most commonly from herpes zoster virus (9.3%) and toxoplasmosis (4.3%). The age-adjusted mortality rate was higher in subjects with idiopathic disease, sarcoidosis, Fuchs’ uveitis syndrome, granulomatosis with polyangiitis/ANCA-associated vasculitis, toxoplasmosis, and herpes zoster virus, when compared to HLA-B27-positive uveitis. Hazard of mortality peaked in the first seven years following diagnosis, then subsequently declined. Patients with uveitis/scleritis had a significantly higher rate of mortality compared to the general New Zealand population (IRR 1.656 p = 0.017). Infectious etiologies of uveitis/scleritis in this cohort were high when compared to other developed nations, attributable to data from a tertiary referral center treating inpatients. Potential shared inflammatory mechanisms in the eye and other organs can lead to concurrent non-ocular disease requiring systemic treatment, impacting an individual’s longevity.
Acceptance and commitment therapy for psychosis: Current status, lingering questions and future directions
Creators: name: Morris, Eric
name: Johns, LC
name: Gaudiano, BA
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 5205
subject: Social and personality psychology
classificationCode: 420313
subject: Mental health services
classificationCode: 5202
subject: Biological psychology
classificationCode: 5203
subject: Clinical and health psychology

description: Purpose: Acceptance and Commitment Therapy for psychosis (ACTp) is a contextual behavioural intervention that promotes psychological flexibility by fostering active acceptance, cognitive defusion, values construction and committed action to enhance well-being and recovery. Multiple studies have shown that ACTp is acceptable and efficacious, but questions remain as to its distinction from similar approaches and the conditions under which it would be implemented most effectively. Methods: We present the current evidence for processes and outcomes of ACTp and summarise the qualitative findings of experiences of service users in ACT programmes. We compare ACTp with other cognitive behavioural therapies and mindfulness-informed interventions for psychosis. Results: Acceptance and commitment therapy for psychosis is promising as a pragmatic, process-driven intervention model. Further efforts are needed to investigate psychological flexibility in the context of psychosis with observational, experimental and intervention studies that will inform model scope and treatment refinement. Additionally, implementation research is the necessary next step, including how support persons can be trained in ACTp. Lower intensity and technology-assisted approaches have the potential to reduce barriers to accessing ACTp and extend impact. Conclusions: Over the last 20 years, ACTp has demonstrated meaningful effects in individual and group formats in a range of settings, targeting outcomes such as rehospitalisation, depression, psychotic symptom distress and impact. Future work should focus on how best to integrate ACTp with other current evidence-based interventions for psychosis.
A galling failure model: Development of predictive framework for iron based hardfacings based on crystal plasticity finite element
Creators: name: Barzdajn, Bartosz
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2018

description: An investigation of rough metal to metal contacting surfaces under normal load and undergoing sliding has been carried out with explicit representation of measured surface profiles within a crystal plasticity finite element formulation in which grain size, texture and slip properties are incorporated. A new metric called plastic reach has been introduced for contacting surfaces which reflects both the magnitude of the local surface asperity plasticity and its spatial reach. This quantity has been shown to obey a power law relationship with the applied normal load for sliding contact which in turn has been related to a hazard function. In this way, a new methodology to predict the galling frequency that follows a Weibull distribution has been established. Additionally, a quantitative definition of galling for the class of metal on metal contacting surfaces is considered. The predicted galling frequency distribution for a 316 stainless steel has been compared with independently experimentally measured galling frequencies showing good agreement. An assessment of confidence limits has also been provided for the modelling methodology, followed by sensitivity studies. The latter resulted in first recommendations for our industrial partner, on how to improve galling resistance of hardfacing alloys.
Ages for Globular Clusters in the Outer Galactic Halo: The Second Parameter Clusters Palomar~3, Palomar~4 and Eridanus
Creators: name: Stetson, Peter B.
name: Bolte, Michael
name: Harris, William E.
name: Hesser, James E.
name: Bergh, Sidney van den
name: VandenBerg, Don A.
name: Bell, Roger A.
name: Johnson, Jennifer A.
name: Bond, Howard E.
name: Fullton, Laura K.
name: Fahlman, Gregory G.
name: Richer, Harvey B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have used the WFPC2 camera on the Hubble Space Telescope to obtain photometry of the outer-halo globular clusters Palomar 3, Palomar 4, and Eridanus. These three are classic examples of the "second parameter" anomaly because of their red horizontal-branch morphologies in combination with their low-to-intermediate metallicities. Our color-magnitude diagrams in (V, V-I) reach $V_{lim} \simeq 27.0$, clearly delineating the subgiant and turnoff regions and about three magnitudes of the unevolved main sequences. The slopes and dereddened colors of the giant branches are consistent with published [Fe/H] estimates that rank the clusters (Pal 3, Eridanus, Pal 4) in order of increasing metallicity, with all three falling near or between the abundance values of the classic nearby halo clusters M3 and M5. Differential fits of their color-magnitude diagrams are made to each other and to M3 and M5 for relative age determinations. We find that the three outer-halo cluster CMDs differ from the nearby clusters in a way that is consistent with their being younger by $\sim 1.5 - 2 $Gyr, if we have correctly estimated the clusters' chemical-abundance ratios. Conversely, the inferred age difference could be smaller ($\ltsim 1 $Gyr) if either [Fe/H] or [$α$/Fe] for the outer-halo clusters is significantly lower than we have assumed. Possible age spreads of order 1$ $Gyr among both the nearby and outer-halo clusters may also be present.
description: 20 figures, 6 tables, 59 postscript pages
Enhancing the degrees of freedom in array signal processing
Creators: name: Sridhar, Vidhya
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2017

description: Future antenna array systems are expected to deliver extremely high data rates whilst combating challenges of exponential increase in user density, high interference levels and multipath dispersion effects. Towards this end, this thesis presents novel algorithms to enhance the degrees of freedom (DoF) of a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna array system. Furthermore, arrays that possess time-varying array geometry, termed as flexible arrays, are investigated for the purpose of defence and internet of things (IoT) applications, such as unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) clusters and multi-platform arrays.The parametric channel model, which provides a tractable mathematical model for wireless channels, lays the foundation for all the algorithms in this thesis. Based on this model, three systems are proposed, that extend the DoF progressively. Firstly, the spatial-only system is explored, in terms of the relationships between the array geometry and various array performance criteria, such as the thresholds of detection and resolution and the capacity loss. Secondly, the spatial-only system is extended to a spatiotemporal array system, to extend the DoF beyond the spatial domain, by employing a novel transmitter, a multi-parameter channel estimator and a spatiotemporal beamformer that suppresses interference in space and time jointly. Thirdly, the spatiotemporal system is extended to a spatiotemporal-virtual system, by extracting and exploiting the Tx array geometry. Finally, the concept of flexible array signal processing is introduced for sensor arrays with time-varying sensor positions, such as UAV clusters and towed arrays. Based on three underpinning models, namely, a parametric channel model, a physical mobility model of the flexible array and a mobility model of the targets, an arrayed-state space model is constructed that is utilised in conjunction with an extended Kalman fillter, to continually track the sensor positions and target parameters. All the algorithms presented in this thesis are evaluated using computer simulation studies.
The early development of COPD
Creators: name: Allinson, James Peter
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2018

description: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a common, progressive disease responsible for substantial morbidity and mortality worldwide. However, current concepts of COPD are based upon studies of older individuals with already established disease leaving early stage COPD development relatively unstudied. This thesis explores potential early stage COPD development by analysing data collected across the life course of individuals within the National Survey of Health and Development. This thesis examines how the relationship between chronic mucus hypersecretion (CMH) and smoking develops with ageing and how CMH relates to both FEV1 decline during adulthood and airflow limitation in the seventh decade. This thesis also investigates how the impact of smoking upon adult lung function trajectory may be modified by early life exposures. This thesis demonstrates that CMH followed a dynamic course across life, strongly reflecting concurrent smoking behaviour, and that CMH duration reflected FEV1 loss. The relationship between smoking and CMH also evolved with ageing. CMH prevalence escalated among smokers between ages 36 and 43 years, consistent with increasing susceptibility to the effects of smoking, and at these ages CMH symptoms identified smokers more likely to have developed airflow limitation by age 60-64 years. This suggests that CMH is a biomarker of airway disease activity and that, during mid-life, CMH among smokers indicates an early phase of COPD development. This thesis also demonstrates that smoking interacts synergistically with infant exposures such that infant respiratory infection and infant poverty only impacted adult lung function among smokers. This is consistent with adolescent growth facilitating recovery from infant insults if catch-up growth is not impeded by smoking. This thesis provides new insights into how and when COPD may begin to develop. Further research investigating the pathophysiology accompanying CMH development during mid-life may reveal novel therapeutic targets to prevent the development of irreversible airway damage.
Semi-group structure of all endomorphisms of a projective variety admitting a polarized endomorphism
Creators: name: Meng, Sheng
name: Zhang, De-Qi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14E30, 32H50, 08A35

description: Let $X$ be a projective variety admitting a polarized (or more generally, int-amplified) endomorphism. We show: there are only finitely many contractible extremal rays; and when $X$ is $\mathbb{Q}$-factorial normal, every minimal model program is equivariant relative to the monoid $SEnd(X)$ of all surjective endomorphisms, up to finite index. Further, when $X$ is rationally connected and smooth, we show: there is a finite-index submonoid $G$ of $SEnd(X)$ such that $G$ acts via pullback as diagonal (and hence commutative) matrices on the Neron-Severi group; the full automorphisms group $Aut(X)$ has finitely many connected components; and every amplified endomorphism is int-amplified.
description: Mathematical Research Letters (to appear); minor changes
Automated Machine Learning versus Expert-Designed Models in Ocular Toxoplasmosis: Detection and Lesion Localization Using Fundus Images
Creators: name: Milad, Daniel
name: Antaki, Fares
name: Bernstein, Allison
name: Touma, Samir
name: Duval, Renaud
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: Medicine
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Information Systems not elsewhere classified
Science Policy

description: Automated machine learning (AutoML) allows clinicians without coding experience to build their own deep learning (DL) models. This study assesses the performance of AutoML in detecting and localizing ocular toxoplasmosis (OT) lesions in fundus images and compares it to expert-designed models. Ophthalmology trainees without coding experience designed AutoML models using 304 labelled fundus images. We designed a binary model to differentiate OT from normal and an object detection model to visually identify OT lesions. The AutoML model had an area under the precision-recall curve (AuPRC) of 0.945, sensitivity of 100%, specificity of 83% and accuracy of 93.5% (vs. 94%, 86% and 91% for the bespoke models). The AutoML object detection model had an AuPRC of 0.600 with a precision of 93.3% and recall of 56%. Using a diversified external validation dataset, our model correctly labeled 15 normal fundus images (100%) and 15 OT fundus images (100%), with a mean confidence score of 0.965 and 0.963, respectively. AutoML models created by ophthalmologists without coding experience were comparable or better than expert-designed bespoke models trained on the same dataset. By creatively using AutoML to identify OT lesions on fundus images, our approach brings the whole spectrum of DL model design into the hands of clinicians.
Pembacaan BGA (Blood Gas Analysis)
Creators: name: Baharuddin, Baharuddin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Pengantar Pembacaan Blood Gas AnalysisBaharuddin Baharuddin

Head of Medical Biochemistry Laboratory, University of Surabaya, Indonesia

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7079-5748

Pengantar

Analisis Gas Darah Arteri merupakan prosedur pengujian yang dilakukan untuk mengukur konsentrasi oksigen, karbon dioksida, dan pH darah arteri, yang memberikan informasi penting tentang fungsi pernapasan, ventilasi, dan keseimbangan asam-basa pasien. Komponen utama yang dianalisis dalam BGA mencakup pH darah, yang mengindikasikan tingkat keasaman atau kebasaan; PaCO2, yang merupakan partial pressure of carbon dioxide dan menggambarkan efisiensi ventilasi; PaO2, yang adalah partial pressure of oxygen dan menunjukkan seberapa efektif oksigen difusikan ke dalam darah; HCO3- (bicarbonate), yang merupakan komponen penyangga yang membantu menjaga pH darah tetap stabil; serta saturasi oksigen, yang menunjukkan fraksi hemoglobin yang terikat oksigen.
Phylotranscriptomic investigation into the evolution of endothermy in fish
Creators: name: Ciezarek, Adam Guy
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2018

description: Regional endothermy, where metabolically-derived heat is used to maintain elevated temperatures in parts of the body, has independently evolved in several lineages of pelagic, predatory fish, including billfish, tuna, lamnid sharks and the opah. The lamnid sharks and tunas demonstrate a striking phenotypic convergence, despite 450 million years of independent evolution. This is characterised by a distinctive muscle morphology, which has enabled them to utilise a unique stiff-bodied swimming style and maintain elevated muscular temperatures and metabolic capacities. This has facilitated expansions in thermal niche and increases in swimming speed and exercise recovery rate. We find selection has acted on one gene independently in both groups, glycogenin-1, which is associated with post-exercise glycogen replenishment. Different metabolic pathways have been targeted by selection in either group. Amongst the endothermic fish, there is considerable variability between species in endothermic capacity and cold-tolerance. By investigating diversification among the eight Thunnus tuna species, we find that the three highly cold-tolerant and endothermic bluefin tuna species are paraphyletic. We infer that parallel selection on ancestral genetic variation is likely to have enabled their evolution. This includes selection for variants in genes associated with metabolism and thermogenesis in other animals. Adaptations in the cardiac system of bluefin tuna are crucial to their ability to tolerate cold-water, as their heart operates at ambient temperature yet must supply oxygen for metabolically demanding warm muscle. We show that this elevated cardiac capacity is associated with increased expression of a key sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium-cycling gene, SERCA2b, in the atrium. Tuna muscle has a thermal gradient, with temperatures highest in the centre of the body. We found no upregulation of metabolic or thermogenesis genes in regions of warm muscle, indicating that intrinsic muscular contraction is sufficient for heat production. Our results provide insight into the genomic basis of endothermy in fish.
Вестник Кольского научного центра РАН, Выпуск 22019
Creators: name: Кольский научный центр Российской академии наук
Publisher: name: Вестник Кольского научного центра РАН
Year: 2019

description: , Выпуск 22019
description: Журнал посвящен решению проблем, связанных с фундаментальными и прикладными аспектами переработки комплексного минерального сырья, металлургическими и гидрометаллургическими процессами получения новых функциональных материалов различного назначения, методами исследования и применения материалов, утилизации отходов переработки минерального сырья, экономики и экологии новых технологических процессов, аналитического обеспечения исследований. Журнал адресован специалистам в данных областях.
title: ADCO, Cartulaire de l'abbaye de Cîteaux dit Cartulare Antiquum t.1 (début XIIIe siècle), Cart. 166 (11 H 64), 136 folios, f. 0127v
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CG21/F.PETOT/2012
name: Petot, Frédéric
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: cartulaire
subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge
subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: Cartulaire de l'abbaye de Cîteaux dit Cartulare Antiquum t.1 (début XIIIe siècle), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 166 (11 H 64), 136 folios, f. 0127v, Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Cartulaire de l'abbaye de Cîteaux dit Cartulare Antiquum t.1 (début XIIIe siècle), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 166 (11 H 64), 136 folios, f. 0127v, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https:// manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: abbaye de Cîteaux
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843261
description: Provenance: https://www.geonames.org/3024876
description: Provenance: http://www.idref.fr/030974844/id
description: Provenance: https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12228351v