cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
THE IMPACT OF THE 1990s ECONOMIC BOOM ON LESS-EDUCATED WORKERS IN RURAL AMERICA
Creators: name: Davis, Elizabeth E.
name: Bosley, Stacie A.
name: Davis, Elizabeth E.
name: Bosley, Stacie A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: employment
subject: local labor markets
subject: NLSY79
subject: rural
subject: unemployment
subject: wages
subject: wage curve

description: This article uses National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (NLSY79) data to investigate the impact of local labor market conditions on the employment and earnings of rural non-college-educated workers. The results suggest that local economic conditions in the late 1990s did have a positive impact on wages, and the effect is larger for workers with no more than a high school degree compared to their college-educated counterparts. Further, there is evidence of a difference between rural and urban labor markets, suggesting that the 1990s boom helped urban less-educated workers but not those in rural areas. The rural/urban difference is most apparent for male workers.
On the correctness of orbital solutions obtained from a small set of points. Orbit of HIP 53731
Creators: name: Mitrofanova, A.
name: Dyachenko, V.
name: Beskakotov, A.
name: Balega, Yu.
name: Maksimov, A.
name: Rastegaev, D.
name: Komarinsky, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: HIP 53731 is a binary consisting of stars of the spectral types K0 and K9. Orbit of this object was constructed previously by Cvetkovi'c et al. (2016) and improved by Tokovinin (2019). It should be noted that there is an 180 degree ambiguity in the position angles of some published measurements. Speckle interferometric observations were obtained in 2007-2020 (21 measurements) at the 6-m telescope of the SAO RAS (BTA) by the authors of this article. The analysis of new data together with previously published ones made it possible to construct the accurate orbit of HIP 53731 and to halve the already known values of the orbital period of the system. As a result of the study, the mass sum, the masses of each component and their spectral types were determined by two independent methods. According to the qualitative classification of orbits, the orbital solution has grade 2 - "good" (observations cover more than half of the orbital period and correspond to different phases).
description: accepted to Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics (RAA)
Nuclear Pairing: Surface or Bulk ?
Creators: name: Sandulescu, N.
name: Schuck, P.
name: Vinas, X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyse how the spatial localisation properties of pairing correlations are changing in a major neutron shell of heavy nuclei. It is shown that the radial distribution of the pairing density depends strongly on whether the chemical potential is close to a low or a high angular momentum level and has very little sensitivity to whether the pairing force acts in the surface or in the bulk. The averaged pairing density over one major shell is however rather flat, practically independent of the pairing force. Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov calculations for the isotopic chain $^{100-132}$Sn are presented for demonstration purposes.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures
THE CUMULATIVE EFFECT OF RURAL AND REGIONAL RESIDENCE UPON THE HEALTH OF OLDER ADULTS
Creators: name: Ziembroski, Jessica S.
name: Hauck, Erica L.
name: Ziembroski, Jessica S.
name: Hauck, Erica L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Health Economics and Policy
subject: rural
subject: region
subject: health
subject: later adulthood

description: This article examines the independent and interactive effects of rural status and region of residence on health. Individual level factors related to poverty are also tested, in conjunction with rural and regional residence. Negative health effects of rurality were found only in the South, while positive health effects of rurality were found, but only in the Midwest. The results indicate a cumulative risk of rural and Southern residence for older men and women. Living in a rural place in the Midwestern United States may provide unique sources of health benefit as individuals age, which buffer previously observed rural risks to health overall. The findings are discussed in terms of health policy and interventions.
Nonlinear dynamics determines the thermodynamic instability of condensed matter in vacuo
Creators: name: Cartwright, Julyan H. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Condensed matter is thermodynamically unstable in a vacuum. That is what thermodynamics tells us through the relation showing that condensed matter at temperatures above absolute zero always has non-zero vapour pressure. This instability implies that at low temperatures energy must not be distributed equally among atoms in the crystal lattice but must be concentrated. In dynamical systems such concentrations of energy in localized excitations are well known in the form of discrete breathers, solitons, and related nonlinear phenomena. It follows that to satisfy thermodynamics such localized excitations must exist in systems of condensed matter at arbitrarily low temperature and as such the nonlinear dynamics of condensed matter is crucial for its thermodynamics.
description: Part of a Philosophical Transactions theme issue 'Stokes at 200'
Localized excitations at the Mott Insulator-Superfluid interfaces for confined Bose-Einstein condensates
Creators: name: Mariani, Eros
name: Stern, Ady
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we derive the dispersion relation of the surface waves at the interfaces between Mott insulating and Superfluid phases for confined Bose-Einstein Condensates. We then calculate their contribution to the heat capacity of the system and show how its low temperature scaling allows an experimental test of the existence and properties of Mott Insulator-Superfluid domains.
description: 4 pages, no figures
Multi-scale Cloud Detection in Remote Sensing Images using a Dual Convolutional Neural Network
Creators: name: Luotamo, Markku
name: Metsämäki, Sari
name: Klami, Arto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.6; I.4.6

description: Semantic segmentation by convolutional neural networks (CNN) has advanced the state of the art in pixel-level classification of remote sensing images. However, processing large images typically requires analyzing the image in small patches, and hence features that have large spatial extent still cause challenges in tasks such as cloud masking. To support a wider scale of spatial features while simultaneously reducing computational requirements for large satellite images, we propose an architecture of two cascaded CNN model components successively processing undersampled and full resolution images. The first component distinguishes between patches in the inner cloud area from patches at the cloud's boundary region. For the cloud-ambiguous edge patches requiring further segmentation, the framework then delegates computation to a fine-grained model component. We apply the architecture to a cloud detection dataset of complete Sentinel-2 multispectral images, approximately annotated for minimal false negatives in a land use application. On this specific task and data, we achieve a 16\% relative improvement in pixel accuracy over a CNN baseline based on patching.
Additional file 1 of Factors influencing the implementation and uptake of a discharge care bundle for patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a qualitative focus group study
Creators: name: Michas, Marta
name: Deuchar, Lesly
name: Leigh, Richard
name: Mohit Bhutani
name: Rowe, Brian H.
name: Stickland, Michael K.
name: Ospina, Maria B.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Semi-structured focus group guide on Identification of care gaps, barriers and facilitators for the implementation COPD care bundle in hospital and ED settings in Alberta.
Hole crystallization in the spin ladder of Sr14Cu24O41
Creators: name: Abbamonte, P.
name: Blumberg, G.
name: Rusydi, A.
name: Gozar, A.
name: Evans, P. G.
name: Siegrist, T.
name: Venema, L.
name: Eisaki, H.
name: Isaacs, E. D.
name: Sawatzky, G. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of the deepest questions in condensed matter physics concerns what other phases compete with superconductivity in high-transition-temperature (high-Tc) superconductors. One candidate is the "stripe" phase, in which the carriers (holes) condense into rivers of charge separating regions of antiferromagnetism. A related but lesser known system is the "spin ladder", which consists of two coupled chains of magnetic ions forming an array of rungs. A doped ladder can be thought of as a high-Tc material with lower dimensionality, and has been predicted to exhibit both superconductivity and an insulating "hole crystal" phase in which the carriers are localised through many-body interactions. The competition between the two resembles that between static stripes and superconductivity in high-Tc materials. Here we report evidence, from resonant x-ray scattering, for the existence of a hole crystal in the doped spin ladder of Sr14Cu24O41. This phase exists without a detectable distortion in the structural lattice, indicating it arises from many-body effects. Our measurements confirm theoretical predictions and support the picture that proximity to charge ordered states is a general property of superconductivity in copper-oxides.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures
Additional file 2 of Factors influencing the implementation and uptake of a discharge care bundle for patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a qualitative focus group study
Creators: name: Michas, Marta
name: Deuchar, Lesly
name: Leigh, Richard
name: Mohit Bhutani
name: Rowe, Brian H.
name: Stickland, Michael K.
name: Ospina, Maria B.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2. Consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative studies (COREQ): 32-item checklist.
Stability of Yang-Mills-Higgs field system in the homogeneous self-dual vacuum field
Creators: name: Kuvshinov, V. I.
name: Piatrou, V. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Classical dynamics of SU(2) model gauge field system with Higgs field is considered in the homogeneous nonperturbative self-dual vacuum field. The regions of instability in parametric space are detected and described analytically.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures
The impact of human activity on deltaic sedimentation, marshes of the Fraser River Delta, British Columbia
Creators: name: Hales, Wendy J.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: To determine the impact of human activity on marsh sedimentation rates and growth patterns, the recent history of marsh development at the mouth of the Fraser River delta has been constructed. Lateral marsh growth is assessed through aerial photographs, while vertical sedimentation rates are resolved using sediment cores. Changes in marsh sedimentation rates and patterns were compared with historical information about natural events and human activity in the study area, to show that marsh sedimentary sequences record the impact of human activity. A total of 35 cores were collected, of which the seven longest (3.03 to 2.75 m in ground penetration length) with the best lamination sequences were analysed for 1 3 7Cs, heavy metal concentration, organic content, and sediment density and texture. The combination of these analyses enabled the cores to be dated to 1894, prior to large scale human interference in the deltaic system. To enable correlation between the cores, they were analysed for environmental magnetism. Aerial photographic mosaics were created for the years 1930, 1954, 1974 and 1994 in order to determine the rate of lateral marsh growth. Historical maps were also examined, but due to irresolvable map error, it was not possible to determine marsh areas accurately prior to the advent of aerial photography. The sedimentary record indicates that the marshes experienced rapid aggradation, an average of 2.10 g/cm /a, between 1910 and 1954, the period during which major river training structures were constructed in the study area. Laterally, the marshes also grew rapidly during this period: between 1930 and 1954 they experienced a 16 % increase in area (93 x 103 m2/a), including losses due to land reclamation. After this period, marsh aggradation slowed, as did lateral growth in most areas. The decline in vertical growth is attributed to the marshes attaining a balance with the new environmental conditions created by river management. This research shows that sedimentary sequences from undisturbed estuarine marshes provide historical information about the impact of human activity on sedimentation rates and patterns. In addition, earlier portions of the marsh sequences can be used to establish information about natural environmental conditions for comparison purposes in areas where such background data are otherwise unavailable.
The evolution of binary neutron star post-merger remnants: a review
Creators: name: Sarin, Nikhil
name: Lasky, Paul D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two neutron stars merge somewhere in the Universe approximately every 10 seconds, creating violent explosions observable in gravitational waves and across the electromagnetic spectrum. The transformative coincident gravitational-wave and electromagnetic observations of the binary neutron star merger GW170817 gave invaluable insights into these cataclysmic collisions, probing bulk nuclear matter at supranuclear densities, the jet structure of gamma-ray bursts, the speed of gravity, and the cosmological evolution of the local Universe, among other things. Despite the wealth of information, it is still unclear when the remnant of GW170817 collapsed to form a black hole. Evidence from other short gamma-ray bursts indicates a large fraction of mergers may form long-lived neutron stars. We review what is known observationally and theoretically about binary neutron star post-merger remnants. From a theoretical perspective, we review our understanding of the evolution of short- and long-lived merger remnants, including fluid, magnetic-field, and temperature evolution. These considerations impact prospects of detection of gravitational waves from either short- or long-lived neutron star remnants which potentially allows for new probes into the hot nuclear equation of state in conditions inaccessible in terrestrial experiments. We also review prospects for determining post-merger physics from current and future electromagnetic observations, including kilonovae and late-time x-ray and radio afterglow observations.
description: Invited review for the Topical Collection on Binary Neutron Star mergers of the journal General Relativity and Gravitation. 53 Pages, 7 Figures. Updated to match published version
Surfaces in the complex projective plane and their mapping class groups
Creators: name: Hirose, Susumu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57Q45, 57N05, 20F38

description: An orientation preserving diffeomorphism over a surface embedded in a 4-manifold is called extendable, if this diffeomorphism is a restriction of an orientation preserving diffeomorphism on this 4-manifold. In this paper, we investigate conditions for extendability of diffeomorphisms over surfaces in the complex projective plane.
description: Published by Algebraic and Geometric Topology at http://www.maths.warwick.ac.uk/agt/AGTVol5/agt-5-25.abs.html
Medical idioms for clinical Bayesian network development
Creators: name: Kyrimi, Evangelia
name: Neves, Mariana Raniere
name: McLachlan, Scott
name: Neil, Martin
name: Marsh, William
name: Fenton, Norman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Bayesian Networks (BNs) are graphical probabilistic models that have proven popular in medical applications. While numerous medical BNs have been published, most are presented fait accompli without explanation of how the network structure was developed or justification of why it represents the correct structure for the given medical application. This means that the process of building medical BNs from experts is typically ad hoc and offers little opportunity for methodological improvement. This paper proposes generally applicable and reusable medical reasoning patterns to aid those developing medical BNs. The proposed method complements and extends the idiom-based approach introduced by Neil, Fenton, and Nielsen in 2000. We propose instances of their generic idioms that are specific to medical BNs. We refer to the proposed medical reasoning patterns as medical idioms. In addition, we extend the use of idioms to represent interventional and counterfactual reasoning. We believe that the proposed medical idioms are logical reasoning patterns that can be combined, reused and applied generically to help develop medical BNs. All proposed medical idioms have been illustrated using medical examples on coronary artery disease. The method has also been applied to other ongoing BNs being developed with medical experts. Finally, we show that applying the proposed medical idioms to published BN models results in models with a clearer structure.
Gravitational collapse of homogeneous scalar fields
Creators: name: Giambó, Roberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Conditions under which gravity coupled to self interacting scalar field determines singularity formation are found and discussed. It is shown that, under a suitable matching with an external space, the boundary, if collapses completely, may give rise to a naked singularity. Issues related to the strength of the singularity are discussed.
description: LaTeX2e; revised version
Additional file 1 of Genetic deletion of microRNA-22 blunts the inflammatory transcriptional response to status epilepticus and exacerbates epilepsy in mice
Creators: name: Luiz F. Almeida Silva
name: Reschke, Cristina R.
name: Nguyen, Ngoc T.
name: Langa, Elena
name: Sanz-Rodriguez, Amaya
name: Gerbatin, Rogerio R.
name: Temp, Fernanda R.
name: Mayara L. De Freitas
name: Conroy, Ronan M.
name: Brennan, Gary P.
name: Engel, Tobias
name: Henshall, David C.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1.
Magnetized Tolman-Bondi Collapse
Creators: name: Germani, Cristiano
name: Tsagas, Christos G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the gravitational implosion of magnetized matter by studying the inhomogeneous collapse of a weakly magnetized Tolman-Bondi spacetime. The role of the field is analyzed by looking at the convergence of neighboring particle worldlines. In particular, we identify the magnetically related stresses in the Raychaudhuri equation and use the Tolman-Bondi metric to evaluate their impact on the collapsing dust. We find that, despite the low energy level of the field, the Lorentz force dominates the advanced stages of the collapse, leading to a strongly anisotropic contraction. In addition, of all the magnetic stresses, those that resist the collapse are found to grow faster.
description: 6 pages, RevTex; v2: physical interpretation of the results slightly changed, references added, version accepted in Phys. Rev. D (2006)
ОПТИМИЗАЦИЯ РЕЖИМА ИММУНОТЕРАПИИ И ПОДДЕРЖКА ПАЦИЕНТОВ С ДИССЕМИНИРОВАННЫМ РАКОМ МОЛОЧНОЙ ЖЕЛЕЗЫ, ПОЛУЧАЮЩИХ СИСТЕМНУЮ ХИМИОТЕРАПИЮ
Creators: name: Халикова, Фируза
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Экологическая и социально-экономическая ситуация в мире привела к интенсивному росту заболеваемости злокачественными новообразованиями практически во всех странах. В соответствии с целью и задачами предпринятого научного поиска было проведено обследование 172 пациенток с диссеминированным раком молочной железы (РМЖ), которые получали паллиативное медикаментозное противоопухолевое лечение в отделении химиотерапии Республиканского научного медицинского центра специализированной онкологии и радиологии Бухарского филиала в период с 2021 по 2023 год..
Comparison of Update and Genetic Training Algorithms in a Memristor Crossbar Perceptron
Creators: name: Edwards, Kyle N.
name: Shen, Xiao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Memristor-based computer architectures are becoming more attractive as a possible choice of hardware for the implementation of neural networks. However, at present, memristor technologies are susceptible to a variety of failure modes, a serious concern in any application where regular access to the hardware may not be expected or even possible. In this study, we investigate whether certain training algorithms may be more resilient to particular hardware failure modes, and therefore more suitable for use in those applications. We implement two training algorithms -- a local update scheme and a genetic algorithm -- in a simulated memristor crossbar, and compare their ability to train for a simple image classification task as an increasing number of memristors fail to adjust their conductance. We demonstrate that there is a clear distinction between the two algorithms in several measures of the rate of failure to train.
IMPACT OF EXPORTS ON THE U.S. BEEF INDUSTRY
Creators: name: Van Eenoo, Edward
name: Peterson, Everett B.
name: Purcell, Wayne D.
name: Van Eenoo, Edward
name: Peterson, Everett B.
name: Purcell, Wayne D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: International Relations/Trade
Livestock Production/Industries

description: Policy and programmatic decisions dealing with beef exports require good information as to the impact of exports on the domestic beef industry. This paper utilizes a partial equilibrium model of the world beef market to assess the impacts on the U.S. beef sector of increases in real income in major beef importing countries, the impacts of changes in the prices of pork and poultry products, and the impacts of changes in the price of feedgrains. A one percent increase in real GDP in Canada, Japan, Mexico, and South Korea yielded a 1.6 percent increase in U.S. exports of high-quality beef. This increase in exports leads to approximately a 29.2 million pound increase U.S. beef production on a retail weight basis. The increase in export demand also yields an increase in beef prices of approximately $0.275 per cwt. on a $120 box of beef and $0.18 per cwt on a $70 fed steer. One percent increases in the prices of pork and poultry products yield a smaller 0.8 percent increase in U.S. beef exports, but also lead to a 1.5 percent increase in U.S. imports of low-quality beef. This is due to U.S. consumers viewing low-quality beef as a substitute for pork and poultry. Finally, a one percent increase in the price of feedgrains reduces U.S. beef exports by 0.4 percent. This is due to a reduction in U.S. beef production from the increased feeding costs.
About estimations of difference for the partial integro-differential equation with small parameter at the leading derivative
Creators: name: Kopshaev, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 34D08

description: This paper is devoted to the study of the singularly perturbed second order partial integro-differential equations. The estimation of the solutions of Cauchy problem is obtained.
description: 3 pages
AN ANALYSIS OF FACTORS AFFECTING THE REGIONAL COTTON BASIS
Creators: name: Seamon, V. Frederick
name: Kahl, Kandice H.
name: Seamon, V. Frederick
name: Kahl, Kandice H.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: cotton basis
subject: futures markets

description: Few empirical basis studies have examined the basis in multiple regions and few have concentrated on cotton. This paper addresses this topic, examining consumption market factors that affect the cotton basis in five U.S. cotton production regions. The seemingly unrelated regression results indicate that the following factors are significant in explaining the basis: total U.S. cotton stocks and the ratio of foreign cotton stocks to foreign mill use in the Southeast and North Delta regions; regional stocks, the opportunity cost of storage and the foreign stocks to use ratio in the West Texas region; and regional stocks, total U.S. stocks, the opportunity cost of storage, and the foreign stocks to use ratio in the Desert Southwest and San Joaquin Valley regions. All significant coefficients have the hypothesized signs except the coefficient for the opportunity cost of storage and the coefficient for the ratio of foreign stocks to foreign mill use in two regions. The results indicate that the cotton basis in different regions is typically affected by different factors.
DERIVED CARBON CREDIT VALUES FOR CARBON SEQUESTRATION: DO CO2 EMISSIONS FROM PRODUCTION INPUTS MATTER ?
Creators: name: Williams, Jeffery R.
name: Nelson, Richard G.
name: Aller, Taryn D.
name: Claassen, Mark M.
name: Rice, Charles W.
name: Williams, Jeffery R.
name: Nelson, Richard G.
name: Aller, Taryn D.
name: Claassen, Mark M.
name: Rice, Charles W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy

description: An economic analysis was conducted involving wheat and grain sorghum production systems that affect carbon dioxide emissions and sequester soil carbon. Parameters examined were expected net returns, changes in net carbon sequestered and the value of carbon credits necessary to equate net returns from systems that sequester more carbon to those that sequester less with and without adjustments for CO2 emissions from production inputs. Evaluations were based on experiment station cropping practices, yield, and soil carbon data for continuously cropped and rotated wheat and grain sorghum produced with conventional and no-tillage. No-till had lower net returns because of lower yields and higher overall costs. Both crops produced under no-till had higher annual soil C gains than under conventional tillage. However, no-till systems had higher total atmospheric emissions of C from production inputs. The differences were relatively small. The C values estimated in this study that would equate net returns of no-tillage to conventional tillage range from $7.82 to $58.69/ton/yr when C emissions from production inputs were subtracted from soil carbon sequestered and $7.79 to $54.99/ton/yr when atmospheric emissions were not considered.
Normal form of equivariant maps in infinite dimensions
Creators: name: Diez, Tobias
name: Rudolph, Gerd
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 58K70, 58D27, 58D19, 58G05, 22E65, 70S15

description: Local normal form theorems for smooth equivariant maps between infinite-dimensional manifolds are established. These normal form results are new even in finite dimensions. The proof is inspired by the Lyapunov-Schmidt reduction for dynamical systems and by the Kuranishi method for moduli spaces. It uses a Slice Theorem for Fréchet manifolds as the main technical tool. As a consequence, the abstract moduli space obtained by factorizing a level set of the equivariant map with respect to the group action carries the structure of a Kuranishi space, i.e., such moduli spaces are locally modeled on the quotient by a compact group of the zero set of a smooth map. The general results are applied to the moduli space of anti-self-dual instantons, the Seiberg-Witten moduli space and the moduli space of pseudoholomorphic curves.
description: Published version
MEASURING MARKET POWER WITH VARIABLES OTHER THAN PRICE
Creators: name: Hunnicutt, Lynn
name: Bailey, DeeVon
name: Crook, Michelle
name: Hunnicutt, Lynn
name: Bailey, DeeVon
name: Crook, Michelle
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Beef packing has become an extremely concentrated industry, yet studies have found that little, if any market power exists. We propose and test alternative measures of behavior that may better describe how packers control purchases from feedlots, using confidential data collected by the USDA Grain Inspection, Packers and Stockyards Administration.
MULTIPLE COMPARISONS WITH THE BEST: BAYESIAN PRECISION MEASURES OF EFFICIENCY RANKINGS
Creators: name: Dorfman, Jeffrey H.
name: Atkinson, Scott E.
name: Dorfman, Jeffrey H.
name: Atkinson, Scott E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: A large literature exists on measuring the allocative and technical efficiency of a set of firms. A segment of this literature uses data envelopment analysis (DEA), creating relative efficiency rankings that are nonstochastic and thus cannot be evaluated according to the precision of the rankings. A parallel literature uses econometric techniques to estimate stochastic production frontiers or distance functions, providing at least the possibility of computing the precision of the resulting efficiency rankings. Recently, Horrace and Schmidt (2000) have applied sampling theoretic statistical techniques known as multiple comparisons with control (MCC) and multiple comparisons with the best (MCB) to the issue of measuring the precision of efficiency rankings. This paper offers a Bayesian multiple comparison alternative that we argue is simpler to implement, gives the researcher increased exibility over the type of comparison made, and provides greater, and more in-tuitive, information content. We demonstrate this method on technical efficiency rankings of a set of U.S. electric generating firms derived within a distance function framework.
Strong normalisation for applied lambda calculi
Creators: name: Berger, Ulrich
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: D.1.1; F.3.2; F.3.3; F.4.1

description: We consider the untyped lambda calculus with constructors and recursively defined constants. We construct a domain-theoretic model such that any term not denoting bottom is strongly normalising provided all its `stratified approximations' are. From this we derive a general normalisation theorem for applied typed lambda-calculi: If all constants have a total value, then all typeable terms are strongly normalising. We apply this result to extensions of Gödel's system T and system F extended by various forms of bar recursion for which strong normalisation was hitherto unknown.
description: 14 pages, paper acceptet at electronic journal LMCS
The Dynamics of Multiword Sequence Extraction
Creators: name: Rey, Arnaud
name: Arata, Leonardo Pinto
name: Magro, Laura Ordonez
Publisher: name: OSF Registries
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Experimental Analysis of Behavior
subject: Cognitive Psychology
subject: Cognition and Perception
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Being able to process multiword sequences is central for both language comprehension and production. Numerous studies support this claim, but less is known about the way multiword sequences are acquired, and more specifically how associations between their constituents are established over time. Here we adapted Rey et al.’s (2020) Hebb naming task into a Hebb lexical decision task to study the dynamics of multiword sequence extraction. Participants had to read letter strings presented on a computer screen and were required to classify them as words or pseudowords. Unknown to the participants, a triplet of words or pseudowords systematically appeared in the same order and random words or pseudowords were inserted between two repetitions of the triplet. We found that RTs for the unpredictable first position in the triplet decreased over repetitions (i.e., indicating the presence of a repetition effect) but more slowly and with a different dynamic compared to items appearing at the predictable second and third positions in the repeated triplet (i.e., showing a slightly different predictability effect). Implicit and explicit learning also varied as a function of the nature of the triplet (i.e., unrelated words, pseudowords, semantically related words, or idioms). Overall, these results provide new empirical evidence about the dynamics of multiword sequence extraction, and more generally about the role of statistical learning in language acquisition.
Dynamics of Air-Fluidized Granular System Measured by the Modulated Gradient Spin-echo
Creators: name: Stepisnik, Janez
name: Lasic, Samo
name: Sersa, Igor
name: Mohoric, Ales
name: Planinsic, Gorazd
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The power spectrum of displacement fluctuation of beads in the air-fluidized granular system is measured by a novel NMR technique of modulated gradient spin-echo. The results of measurement together with the related spectrum of the velocity fluctuation autocorrelation function fit well to an empiric formula based on to the model of bead caging between nearest neighbours; the cage breaks up after a few collisions \cite{Menon1}. The fit yields the characteristic collision time, the size of bead caging and the diffusion-like constant for different degrees of system fluidization. The resulting mean squared displacement increases proportionally to the second power of time in the short-time ballistic regime and increases linearly with time in the long-time diffusion regime as already confirmed by other experiments and simulations.
description: 4 figures. Submited to Physical Review Letters, April 2005
THE ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF EPA'S CAFO RULE ON DAIRY FARMS IN CORNBELT, UPPER-MIDWEST, AND NORTHEAST REGIONS
Creators: name: Huang, Wen-Yuan
name: Short, Sara D.
name: Huang, Wen-Yuan
name: Short, Sara D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy
Livestock Production/Industries

description: EPA has proposed a rule that would bring more dairy farms under regulation and restrict manure application more closely to a crop's need of phosphorous. This paper uses whole farm modeling applied to survey data to assess the impact of proposed regulations on dairy farms in the Cornbelt, upper-Midwest, and Northeast regions. Results show that the proposed rule affects 2.7 percent of surveyed dairy farms (over 200 milk cows) in these regions and causes income losses for 40 percent of farms spreading slurry manure on crops.
A MODEL OF DEVELOPMENT OF AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATIONS: PATENT POLICY ANALYSIS
Creators: name: Nadolnyak, Denis A.
name: Sheldon, Ian M.
name: Nadolnyak, Denis A.
name: Sheldon, Ian M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: In this paper, peculiarities of the process of development of agricultural biotechnological innovations are considered, in particular the distinction between R&D races for gene discoveries and subsequent competition for developing their marketable applications in the form of genetically modified (GM) crops, the results of which determine the payoffs of discovering a gene. A formal two-stage model is specified and analyzed with regard to how different patent protection regimes and other government policies affect firm's R&D strategies and the welfare realized from an innovation. We find that different policy measures affect the outcomes of the two stages of biotechnological innovation differently, which leaves some ambiguity as to which patent protection regimes might be strictly preferable. However, general direction of policy improvement is identified.
Fermi surface nesting and charge-density wave formation in rare-earth tritellurides
Creators: name: Laverock, J.
name: Dugdale, S. B.
name: Major, Zs.
name: Alam, M. A.
name: Ru, N.
name: Fisher, I. R.
name: Santi, G.
name: Bruno, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Fermi surface of rare-earth tri-tellurides ({\it R}Te$_{3}$) is investigated in terms of the nesting driven charge-density wave formation using positron annihilation and first-principles LMTO calculations. Fermi surface nesting is revealed as a strong candidate for driving charge-density wave formation in these compounds. The nesting vector obtained from positron annihilation experiments on GdTe$_{3}$ is determined to be ${\mathbf q} = (0.28\pm0.02,0,0) {\mathbf a}^{*}$, (${\mathbf a}^{*}=2π/{\mathbf a}$), in excellent agreement with previous experimental and theoretical studies.
description: To appear in Phys. Rev. B
Laplacians on Metric Graphs: Eigenvalues, Resolvents and Semigroups
Creators: name: Kostrykin, Vadim
name: Schrader, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 34B45; 34L15; 47D03

description: The main objective of the present work is to study the negative spectrum of (differential) Laplace operators on metric graphs as well as their resolvents and associated heat semigroups. We prove an upper bound on the number of negative eigenvalues and a lower bound on the spectrum of Laplace operators. Also we provide a sufficient condition for the associated heat semigroup to be positivity preserving.
description: To be published in the Proceedings of the Conference on Quantum Graphs and Their Applications held in Snowbird, Utah, June 18 -- June 24, 2005
INTERACTION EFFECTS OF PROMOTION, RESEARCH, AND PRICE SUPPORT PROGRAMS FOR U.S. COTTON
Creators: name: Beach, Robert H.
name: Murray, Brian C.
name: Piggott, Nicholas E.
name: Wohlgenant, Michael K.
name: Beach, Robert H.
name: Murray, Brian C.
name: Piggott, Nicholas E.
name: Wohlgenant, Michael K.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Crop Production/Industries

description: Many agricultural commodities have industry-funded generic promotion and/or research ("checkoff") programs designed to improve the economic performance of producers. To determine the effectiveness of these programs, the net benefits to producers attributable to activities funded by the checkoff must be separated from those due to other factors influencing commodity markets. One such factor that is very important in many agricultural commodity markets is the effect of government programs. However, studies evaluating the returns to checkoff programs often do not explicitly discuss the impact of pre-existing distortions caused by federal farm programs. Because the distortions caused by farm programs can be quite large, this omission can lead to seriously biased estimates of the returns to the checkoff programs. In this study, we develop a model that captures the influence of two Federal programs (loan deficiency payments to farmers and subsidies to consuming mills) on the estimated returns to the Cotton Research and Promotion Program. Using an econometrically estimated model of the U.S. cotton market, we find that the program interaction effects have a large impact on checkoff program returns.
The Main Injector Particle Production Experiment (MIPP) at Fermilab
Creators: name: Raja, Rajendran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe the physics capabilites and status of the MIPP experiment which is scheduled to enter its physics data taking period during December 2004-July 2005. We show some of the results obtained from the engineering run that concluded in August 2004 and point out the unique features that make it an ideal apparatus to study non-perturbative QCD properties.
description: 6 pages 5 figures. To appear in the proceedings of the APS Topical Group on Hadron Physics conference, Fermilab Oct 2004
CHINESE REGIONAL AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTIVITY IN THE 1990'S
Creators: name: Tong, Haizhi
name: Tong, Haizhi
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Productivity Analysis

description: A nonparametric Malmquist index and a stochastic frontier translog production function are employed to measure the regional agricultural productivity growth in China during the 1990's. Both models show high average productivity growth in 1994 & 1995 and average productivity decrease during 1996 to 1999, although the regional rates are different from two models.
Does bilingual exposure affect infants’ use of phonetic detail in a word learning task?
Creators: name: Fennell, Christopher Terrence
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Fourteen-month-old infants raised in a monolingual English environment confuse phonetically similar words in a word-object association task (Stager & Werker, 1997); however, older infants, who are more proficient at word learning, do not (Werker, Corcoran, Fennell, & Stager, 2000). This temporary confusion of phonetic detail occurs despite the fact that 14- month-old infants still have the ability to discriminate native language phonemes in speech perception tasks not involving word learning. Therefore, it has been hypothesized that 14- month-olds fail because linking words to objects is difficult at the beginning stages of word learning, leaving infants with insufficient attentional resources to listen closely to the words. Extending this hypothesis to infants raised in a bilingual environment generates two possibilities. (1) Bilingual infants will not show the temporary deficit at 14 months. As a function of growing up with two languages, they will have already developed a greater awareness of the sounds of words because more detail is needed to discriminate words in two languages. (2) Bilingual infants will perform at least as poorly as infants being raised with only English because of the cognitive load of learning two languages. Bilingual infants of 14 months were tested in the word-object association task using the phonetically similar labels 'bih' and 'dih' paired with two distinct and colourful moving objects. Following habituation, infants were tested on their ability to detect a 'switch' in the word-object pairing. Bilingual language exposure was assessed with a structured parental interview. The 16 infants included in the sample had been exposed to two languages from birth and had at least 30% exposure to one language and no more than 70% to the other. The results showed that, like the monolingual-learning infants of the same age, the 14-month-old bilingual-learning infants confused similar sounding words. These data are consistent with the cognitive load hypothesis, and argue against the proposition that early bilingual exposure facilitates metalinguistic awareness. Future research with slightly older bilingual word learners who have reached the age at which monolingual infants can successfully learn phonetically similar words will help to clarify if these bilingual infants maintain, or diverge from, a monolingual pattern of development.
Additional file 1 of Treatment plan quality during online adaptive re-planning
Creators: name: Timmeren, Janita E. Van
name: Madalyne Chamberlain
name: Krayenbuehl, Jérôme
name: Wilke, Lotte
name: Ehrbar, Stefanie
name: Bogowicz, Marta
name: Hartley, Callum
name: Zamburlini, Mariangela
name: Andratschke, Nicolaus
name: Schüler, Helena Garcia
name: Matea Pavic
name: Balermpas, Panagiotis
name: Chaehee Ryu
name: Guckenberger, Matthias
name: Tanadini-Lang, Stephanie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1.
Anomalous dimensions and reggeized gluon states
Creators: name: Kotanski, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Solving the BKP equation and comparing with the structure function of hadron for deep inelastic scattering processes we are able to find a relation between reggeized N-gluon states and anomalous dimensions of QCD. To this end we perform analytical continuation of the Reggeon energy and compare exponents of two different twist-series expansions for the hadron structure function. This makes possible to calculate the anomalous dimensions and determine the twist related to them.
description: Presented at the Cracow School of Theoretical Physics, Zakopane, 2005
Additional file 1 of Genome-wide identification and characterization of gibberellin metabolic and signal transduction (GA MST) pathway mediating seed and berry development (SBD) in grape (Vitis vinifera L.)
Creators: name: Wenran Wang
name: Yunhe Bai
name: Padmalatha Koilkonda
name: Guan, Le
name: Yaxian Zhuge
name: Xicheng Wang
name: Zhongjie Liu
name: Haifeng Jia
name: Wang, Chen
name: Jinggui Fang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. The gene expression patterns of GA MST pathway genes in four stages of grape SBD.