cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
From public to private benefit: The shifting rationales for setting student contributions
Creators: name: Norton, Andrew
Publisher: name: University of Melbourne
Year: 2022
Subjects: Higher education

description: This paper summarises the evolution of student contributions in Australia since 1989, exploring system redesigns that commenced in 1997, 2005 and 2021. Public and private benefits are recurring themes in setting student contributions, both as high-level justifications for government policy and in pricing specific disciplines. Professor Andrew Norton evaluates five different rationales used by successive Australian governments to satisfy competing policy and political considerations: course costs, private benefits, public benefits, increasing resources per student place, and incentivising course choices.
 Professor Norton argues that despite using student contributions to guide course choices being central to current funding policy it is never likely to be effective. Student contributions do, however, have practical consequences that seem to be given little consideration by the government. These include how long it takes to repay student debt, how much of that debt the government will eventually write off, and university incentives to enrol students. As the new government reviews the Job-ready Graduates policy, the paper provides a useful basis for discussion, offering lessons from history in what works and what does not, and guiding policymakers towards student contribution systems that minimise problems for students, government and universities.
A Mixed-Methods Approach to Understanding User Trust after Voice Assistant Failures
Creators: name: Baughan, Amanda
name: Mercurio, Allison
name: Liu, Ariel
name: Wang, Xuezhi
name: Chen, Jilin
name: Ma, Xiao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Despite huge gains in performance in natural language understanding via large language models in recent years, voice assistants still often fail to meet user expectations. In this study, we conducted a mixed-methods analysis of how voice assistant failures affect users' trust in their voice assistants. To illustrate how users have experienced these failures, we contribute a crowdsourced dataset of 199 voice assistant failures, categorized across 12 failure sources. Relying on interview and survey data, we find that certain failures, such as those due to overcapturing users' input, derail user trust more than others. We additionally examine how failures impact users' willingness to rely on voice assistants for future tasks. Users often stop using their voice assistants for specific tasks that result in failures for a short period of time before resuming similar usage. We demonstrate the importance of low stakes tasks, such as playing music, towards building trust after failures.
description: 16 pages, 3 figures. To appear in ACM CHI '23. for associated dataset file, see https://www.kaggle.com/datasets/googleai/voice-assistant-failures. Replacing the prior version with clean latex files, content remains unchanged
RICOSTRUZIONE A POSTERIORI DI UN INCONTRO RAVVICINATO
Creators: name: MORELLI ROCCO, PAOLO ALLIEVI
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: BU2023, Caduta Asteroidi , NEO, Near Eath Objects

description: RICOSTRUZIONE A POSTERIORI DI UN INCONTRO RAVVICINATO

Un innocuo passaggio, più vicino che mai, dell'Asteroide BU2023 del 26 Gennaio 2023
description: Si noti che l'introduzione nel discorso dell'angolo alfa è indefinito e costituisce strumento per approfondimento.
Nel punto di impatto sulla superficie terrestre la tangente alla traiettoria dell'asteroide è perpendicolare al piano tangente alla superficie terrestre.
Mathematical Models and Numerical Methods for Bose-Einstein Condensation
Creators: name: Bao, Weizhu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 35Q55, 70F10

description: The achievement of Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) in ultracold vapors of alkali atoms has given enormous impulse to the theoretical and experimental study of dilute atomic gases in condensed quantum states inside magnetic traps and optical lattices. This article offers a short survey on mathematical models and theories as well as numerical methods for BEC based on the mean field theory. We start with the Gross-Pitaevskii equation (GPE) in three dimensions (3D) for modeling one-component BEC of the weakly interacting bosons, scale it to obtain a three-parameter model and show how to reduce it to two dimensions (2D) and one dimension (1D) GPEs in certain limiting regimes. Mathematical theories and numerical methods for ground states and dynamics of BEC are provided. Extensions to GPE with an angular momentum rotation term for a rotating BEC, to GPE with long-range anisotropic dipole-dipole interaction for a dipolar BEC and to coupled GPEs for spin-orbit coupled BECs are discussed. Finally, some conclusions are drawn and future research perspectives are discussed.
description: 26 pages, 0 figure
The SETI Project: A Search for Extraterrestrial Interplanetary Communications
Creators: name: Caballero, Alberto
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: SETI
Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence
Interstellar radio message

description: The SETI Project is a new kind of approach in the search for extraterrestrial intelligence. Instead of looking for intentional signals that could be sent in the hydrogen line (1,420 MHz) or similar frequencies, the aim of the project is to find unintentional radio signals that may arise from the communication between extraterrestrial airports and their spacecrafts.
Measurement of the Aharonov-Casher geometric phase with a separated-arm atom interferometer
Creators: name: Gillot, Jonathan
name: Lepoutre, Steven
name: Gauguet, Alexandre
name: Vigué, Jacques
name: Büchner, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this letter, we report a measurement of the Aharonov-Casher (AC) geometric phase with our lithium atom interferometer. The AC phase appears when a particle carrying a magnetic dipole propagates in a transverse electric field. The first measurement of the AC phase was done with a neutron interferometer in 1989 by A. Cimmino \textit{et al.} (Phys. Rev. Lett. \textbf{63}, 380, 1989) and all the following experiments were done with Ramsey or Ramsey-Bordé interferometers with molecules or atoms. In our experiment, we use lithium atoms pumped in a single hyperfine-Zeeman sublevel and we measure the AC-phase by applying opposite electric fields on the two interferometer arms. Our measurements are in good agreement with the expected theoretical values and they prove that this phase is independent of the atom velocity.
description: 6 pages
Interview with Monroe E. Price, October 18, 2017 (Session One)
Creators: name: Price, Monroe E.
name: Pooley, Jefferson
Publisher: name: Annenberg School for Communication Library Archives
Year: 2024
Subjects: history of media studies
history of communication research
history of social science

description: The session focuses on Price’s family background in Austria and Eastern Europe, his family’s escape to the United States in 1938, his childhood years in Cincinnati, and his journalism at Yale. The session lingers on Price’s experience in high school in suburban Cincinnati, including reporting for the school newspaper, his experience in a series of part-time jobs, and his relationship to the local Jewish community. Price’s visits to, and connections with, family members on both his father’s and mother’s side are discussed in the session. Price’s years at Yale are covered too, with a focus on his overseas reporting, in the UK, Moscow, and Cuba. Price discusses Yale faculty who influenced him, including Harry J. Benda and Charles Lindblom. The session concludes with a brief account of Price’s stint at American Heritage magazine.
Completeness and Performance Of The APO Algorithm
Creators: name: Grinshpoun, Tal
name: Meisels, Amnon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Asynchronous Partial Overlay (APO) is a search algorithm that uses cooperative mediation to solve Distributed Constraint Satisfaction Problems (DisCSPs). The algorithm partitions the search into different subproblems of the DisCSP. The original proof of completeness of the APO algorithm is based on the growth of the size of the subproblems. The present paper demonstrates that this expected growth of subproblems does not occur in some situations, leading to a termination problem of the algorithm. The problematic parts in the APO algorithm that interfere with its completeness are identified and necessary modifications to the algorithm that fix these problematic parts are given. The resulting version of the algorithm, Complete Asynchronous Partial Overlay (CompAPO), ensures its completeness. Formal proofs for the soundness and completeness of CompAPO are given. A detailed performance evaluation of CompAPO comparing it to other DisCSP algorithms is presented, along with an extensive experimental evaluation of the algorithm's unique behavior. Additionally, an optimization version of the algorithm, CompOptAPO, is presented, discussed, and evaluated.
description: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1109.6052 by other authors
Pandemic Preparedness: Navigating Emerging Infectious Diseases for A Safer World
Creators: name: Ayushi Vaidhya*1, Dhaval J Kamothi2,  Subhashree Parida3, Anshuk Sharma4 and Thakur Uttam Singh5
Publisher: name: The Science world a Monthly e magazine
Year: 2023

description: The present era has seen a series of significant infectious diseases outbreaks, including the devastating impact of the global pandemic like COVID-19. Additionally, there were outbreaks in the past such as the SARS coronavirus in 2003, the swine flu pandemic in 2009, the MERS coronavirus outbreak in 2012, the Ebola virus disease epidemic in West Africa from 2013 to 2016, and the Zika virus disease epidemic in 2015. These events led to substantial illness and death and crossed international borders, thus affecting the lives and livelihoods of many people across the globe. Simultaneously, recent decades have marked an extraordinary period characterized by remarkable advancements in technology, shifts in demographics, and evolving climate conditions. The ongoing developments in our current era are rendering humanity susceptible to future pandemics, anticipated to result from the melting of glaciers and polar ice caps. This thawing process could potentially unleash previously preserved viruses and bacteria from glacial ice and permafrost. Additionally, the warming climate is creating conditions where the habitats of these ancient viral pathogens increasingly overlap with those of humans, posing a significant threat to human well-being and safety. Thus, pandemic preparedness is not optional but rather an imperative in our interconnected global landscape.
De Novo Domestication: An Accelerated Plant Breeding Approach Towards New Crop For Food Security
Creators: name: Ambika1*
Publisher: name: The Science world a Monthly e magazine
Year: 2023

description: De novo domestication is a novel approach to crop breeding that involves introducing domestication genes into semi-domesticated and non-domesticated plants. This method preserves the intrinsic favourable phenotypes of crop wild relatives or semi-wild plants, such as their resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses, while enabling them to gain desirable domestication features. While the conventional approach to domesticating wild plants remains a viable means of producing new crops, the latest advancements in CRISPR-Cas technology allow for the quick de novo domestication of wild plants. The de novo domestication strategy, its prerequisites, and its impact on the development of orphan crops, perennials, and polyploids are covered in this section.
Cathodoluminescence of stacking fault bound excitons for local probing of the exciton diffusion length in single GaN nanowires
Creators: name: Nogues, Gilles
name: Auzelle, Thomas
name: Hertog, Martien Den
name: Gayral, Bruno
name: Daudin, Bruno
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform correlated studies of individual GaN nanowires in scanning electron microscopy combined to low temperature cathodoluminescence, microphotoluminescence, and scanning transmission electron microscopy. We show that some nanowires exhibit well localized regions emitting light at the energy of a stacking fault bound exciton (3.42 eV) and are able to observe the presence of a single stacking fault in these regions. Precise measurements of the cathodoluminescence signal in the vicinity of the stacking fault give access to the exciton diffusion length near this location.
ASSESSMENT OF HYDROLOGIC IMPACTS OF LAND-USE CHANGE IN KULFO RIVER WATERSHED USING SWAT
Creators: name: Tilahun Wankie
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015

description: Land use and land cover changes in Kulfo River watershed experiences a lot of human disturbances due to agricultural expansion, and increasing urban demand for charcoal, fuel wood and timber; resulting in forest and land degradation. This in turn altered the hydrologic responses of the catchment. This study was conducted to assess the hydrological response of land use/cover change on Kulfo River flows. In this study SWAT model was selected as it applies distributed hydrologic model where various spatial parameters could be used and runoff is simulated at required scale. Spatial data (land use, DEM and soil) and meteorological data were obtained from USGS Satellite image, Ministries of Water Resources, Irrigation and Energy, National Meteorology agency respectively. SWAT model was used to simulate stream-flow for land use/land cover for the year 1985, 1995 and 2005 to determine the impact of land use/cover change on Kulfo stream flow. Land use maps of 1985, 1995 and 2005 were derived from satellite images processed using ERDAS Imagine 9.1 software. The model is calibrated and validated using historical flow data. Land cover change analysis has shown an increment in the proportional of the Agricultural land from 11.9% to 14.39%, Bare land from 25.8% to 14.14%, Forest from 16% to 12.43%. Water body, remain stable, however, Shrub land increased from 29.28% to 36.82% in between 1985 to 2005.
Type Ib SN 1999dn as an example of the thoroughly mixed ejecta of Ib supernovae
Creators: name: Cano, Zach
name: Maeda, Keiichi
name: Schulze, Steve
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of modelling archival observations of type Ib SN 1999dn. In the spectra, two He I absorption features are seen: a slower component with larger opacity, and a more rapid He I component with smaller opacity. Complementary results are obtained from modelling the bolometric light curve of SN 1999dn, where a two-zone model (dense inner region, and less dense outer region) provides a much better fit than a one-zone model. A key result we find is that roughly equal amounts of radioactive material are found in both regions. The two-zone analytical model provides a more realistic representation of the structure of the ejecta, including mixing and asymmetries, which offers a physical explanation for how the radioactive material is propelled to, and mixed within, the outer regions. Our result supports the theoretical expectation that the radioactive content in the outflow of a type Ib supernova (SN) is thoroughly mixed. We fit our model to six additional SNe Ibc, of which the majority of the SNe Ib are best described by the two-zone model, and the majority of the SNe Ic by the one-zone model. Of the SNe Ic, only SN 2007gr was best fit by the two-zone model, indicating that the lack of helium spectral features for this event cannot be attributed to poor mixing.
description: 16 pages, 6 figures, 2 tables. Accepted for publication at MNRAS (11-December-2013)
Mechanisms for Making Crowds Truthful
Creators: name: Jurca, Radu
name: Faltings, Boi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We consider schemes for obtaining truthful reports on a common but hidden signal from large groups of rational, self-interested agents. One example are online feedback mechanisms, where users provide observations about the quality of a product or service so that other users can have an accurate idea of what quality they can expect. However, (i) providing such feedback is costly, and (ii) there are many motivations for providing incorrect feedback. Both problems can be addressed by reward schemes which (i) cover the cost of obtaining and reporting feedback, and (ii) maximize the expected reward of a rational agent who reports truthfully. We address the design of such incentive-compatible rewards for feedback generated in environments with pure adverse selection. Here, the correlation between the true knowledge of an agent and her beliefs regarding the likelihoods of reports of other agents can be exploited to make honest reporting a Nash equilibrium. In this paper we extend existing methods for designing incentive-compatible rewards by also considering collusion. We analyze different scenarios, where, for example, some or all of the agents collude. For each scenario we investigate whether a collusion-resistant, incentive-compatible reward scheme exists, and use automated mechanism design to specify an algorithm for deriving an efficient reward mechanism.
The random phase approximation applied to ice
Creators: name: Macher, Markus
name: Klimeš, Jiří
name: Franchini, Cesare
name: Kresse, Georg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Standard density functionals without van der Waals interactions yield an unsatisfactory description of ice phases, specifically, high density phases occurring under pressure are too unstable compared to the common low density phase I$_h$ observed at ambient conditions. Although the description is improved by using functionals that include van der Waals interactions, the errors in relative volumes remain sizable. Here we assess the random phase approximation (RPA) for the correlation energy and compare our results to experimental data as well as diffusion Monte Carlo data for ice. The RPA yields a very balanced description for all considered phases, approaching the accuracy of diffusion Monte Carlo in relative energies and volumes. This opens a route towards a concise description of molecular water phases on surfaces and in cavities.
Role of Cortactin in Cigarette Smoke-Induced Lung Endothelial Dysfunction
Creators: name: Bandela, Mounica
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2023

description: Abstract: Cigarette smoking (CS) is the primary cause of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), and a key pathophysiological event in COPD development is dysfunction of the vascular endothelium. However, the mechanisms underlying COPD-associated endothelial dysfunction remain incompletely defined. Lung vascular endothelial cell (EC) responses to injurious stimuli such as CS (or e-cigarettes) are mediated by cellular cytoskeleton changes. CS exposure directly modulates EC barrier permeability, necrosis, and apoptosis through multiple signaling pathways involving cytoskeletal rearrangements. Cortactin (CTTN) is a central regulator of the actin cytoskeleton and an important modulator of lung EC function. Therefore, we hypothesized that characterizing the functional role of CTTN in lung EC responses to CS as a model of COPD pathogenesis will provide us with a better understanding of the molecular basis of COPD development, as well as potentially lead to the designing of novel therapeutic strategies. The current study explored the role of CTTN in lung EC signaling by using biochemical, biomechanical and biostructural approaches. The first innovative aspect of this project is that it establishes CTTN as a novel mediator of CS-induced lung dysfunction and addresses a previously undescribed role of CTTN in regulating lung EC apoptosis. The second innovative aspect is the use of the sophisticated imaging technique, Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), to characterize the rheological properties of CTTN and its genetic variant in CS-induced lung dysfunction. The third innovative aspect of this study is the use of high end in silico methods to develop the previously unknown 3D structures of CTTN, identify its active sites, and provide further insights into key protein-protein interactions to better elucidate the CTTN structure-function relationship. Overall, this thesis work suggests that CTTN dysfunction may mediate CS/E-cigarette-induced lung EC apoptosis and provides new insights into the molecular basis of COPD development.
Systemic Losses Due to Counter Party Risk in a Stylized Banking System
Creators: name: Birch, Annika
name: Aste, Tomaso
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Finance (q-fin.GN)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: We report a study of a stylized banking cascade model investigating systemic risk caused by counter party failure using liabilities and assets to define banks' balance sheet. In our stylized system, banks can be in two states: normally operating or distressed and the state of a bank changes from normally operating to distressed whenever its liabilities are larger than the banks' assets. The banks are connected through an interbank lending network and, whenever a bank is distressed, its creditor cannot expect the loan from the distressed bank to be repaid, potentially becoming distressed themselves. We solve the problem analytically for a homogeneous system and test the robustness and generality of the results with simulations of more complex systems. We investigate the parameter space and the corresponding distribution of operating banks mapping the conditions under which the whole system is stable or unstable. This allows us to determine how financial stability of a banking system is influenced by regulatory decisions, such as leverage; we discuss the effect of central bank actions, such as quantitative easing and we determine the cost of rescuing a distressed banking system using re-capitalisation. Finally, we estimate the stability of the UK and US banking systems in the years 2007 and 2012 showing that both banking systems were more unstable in 2007 and connectedness on the interbank market partly caused the banking crisis.
description: 31 pages 13 figures
تحقيق الأداء التسويقي من خلال جودة الخدمة البنكية على ضوء التحولات المالية: المساهمة والانعكاسات -دراسة حالة البنك الوطني الجزائري-
Creators: name: Khaled, Gachi
name: Nouari Kheira
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 150504 Marketing Measurement
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: إن ما يميز بيئة الأعمال الحالية لأغلب البنوك التجارية مبدأ ثابت ووحيد وهو التغيير والتطوير، وإنه لمن الصعب عليها تحقيق أهم أهدافها وهو البقاء والاستمرار دون التميز والتطور في مجال خدماتها، ففي ظل بيئة الأعمال الحديثة ومع ما يشهده العالم من تطورات سريعة خاصة في القطاع المالي والمصرفي، فإنه وجب على البنوك التجارية مسايرة هذه التطورات من خلال الاهتمام بجودة خدماتها وبالتالي الرفع من أدائها التسويقي. حيث نهدف من خلال هذه الدراسة إلى التعرف على تحليل انعكاسات وأثر جودة الخدمة بأبعادها في تحسين الأداء التسويقي في البنوك التجارية في ضوء التحولات المالية، ولتحقيق أهداف الدراسة سيتم استخدام استبانة لغرض جمع البيانات، ومن ثم القيام بالتحليل الاحصائي بالاعتماد على مقاييس الإحصاء الوصفي.
Librarians as Partners in Citizen Science: Drivers and Barriers
Creators: name: Kaseorg, Svea
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: academic libraries
libocs
citizen science
libraries
open science
baltics

description: Slides from Multiplier Event "Strengthening the Role of Libraries for Rising Citizen Science: LibOCS shares knowledge and experience", took place at Kaunas University of Technology Campus Library (Studentų St. 48, Kaunas, Lithuania). 

 

Project Number: 2021-1-EE01-KA220-HED-000031125

Project Acronym: LibOCS

Project Title: University libraries strengthening the academia-society connection through Citizen Science in the Baltics

This project is funded under the Erasmus+ KA2 Strategic Partnerships program.
Phonons and Thermodynamics of LiMPO4 (M=Mn, Fe)
Creators: name: Goel, Prabhatasree
name: Gupta, M. K.
name: Mittal, R.
name: Rols, S.
name: Patwe, S. J.
name: Achary, S. N.
name: Tyagi, A. K.
name: Chaplot, S. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Lithium transition metal phospho-olivines are useful electrode materials, owing to their stability, high safety, low cost and cyclability. We report phonon studies using neutron inelastic scattering experiments, ab-initio density functional theory calculations and potential model calculations on LiMPO4 (M=Mn, Fe) at ambient and high temperature to understand the microscopic picture of Li sub-lattice. The experiments are in good agreement with calculations. The lattice dynamics calculations indicate instability of a zone-centre as well as zone-boundary modes along (100) at volume corresponding to high temperature. The unstable phonon modes show mainly large vibration of Li atoms in the x-z plane of the orthorhombic structure (space group Pbnm). Molecular dynamics simulations with increasing temperature indicate large mean square displacement of Li as compared to other constituent atoms. The computed pair-correlations between various atom pairs show that there is local disorder occurring in the lithium sub-lattice with increasing temperature, while other pairs show minimal changes. The results find the two compounds to be thermally stable up to high temperatures, which is a desirable trait for its battery applications.
description: 19 Pages, 12 Figures
Supplementary Materials: Identification of Device Dependencies Using Link Prediction
Creators: name: Sadlek, Lukáš
name: Husák, Martin
name: Čeleda, Pavel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: device dependency
link prediction
dependency embedding
network traffic analysis
graph-based analysis
random walk

description: This repository contains supplementary materials for the following conference paper:

Lukáš Sadlek, Martin Husák, and Pavel Čeleda. Identification of Device Dependencies Using Link Prediction. NOMS 2024 - 2024 IEEE Network Operations and Management Symposium, Seoul, Republic of Korea, 2024, pp. 1-10, doi: 10.1109/NOMS59830.2024.10575713.

Content

These supplementary materials contain a proof-of-concept implementation from IEEE/IFIP NOMS 2024 conference paper. They also contain results for evaluation using the cyber defense exercise dataset published at Zenodo. Other results contain comparison with local similarity indices and NSDMiner.

Additional details can be found in the attached README.md file.

How to Cite

If you use these supplementary materials, please use the following BibTeX entry to cite the original research paper:

@inproceedings{Sadlek2024identification,
  author={Sadlek, Luk\'{a}\v{s} and Hus\'{a}k, Martin and \v{C}eleda, Pavel},
  booktitle={NOMS 2024-2024 IEEE Network Operations and Management Symposium},
  title={{Identification of Device Dependencies Using Link Prediction}},
  year={2024},  pages={1-10},  doi={10.1109/NOMS59830.2024.10575713}}

Acknowledgement

This research was supported by project "MSCAfellow5_MUNI'' (No. CZ.02.01.01/00/22_010/0003229).
A New Concept of Transonic Galactic Outflows in a Cold Dark Matter Halo with a Central Super-Massive Black Hole
Creators: name: Igarashi, Asuka
name: Mori, Masao
name: Nitta, Shin-ya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study fundamental properties of isothermal, steady and spherically symmetric galactic outflow in the gravitational potential of a cold dark matter halo and a central super-massive black hole. We find that there are two transonic solutions having different properties: each solution is mainly produced by the dark matter halo and the super-massive black hole, respectively. Furthermore, we apply our model to the Sombrero galaxy. In this galaxy, Chandra X-ray observatory detected the diffuse hot gas as the trace of galactic outflows while the star-formation rate is low and the observed gas density distribution presumably indicates the hydrostatic equilibrium. To solve this discrepancy, we propose a solution that this galaxy has a transonic outflow, however, the transonic point forms in a very distant region from the galactic center (?$\sim$ 127 kpc). In this slowly accelerated transonic outflow, the outflow velocity is less than the sound velocity for most of the galactic halo. Since the gas density distribution in this subsonic region is similar to the hydrostatic one, it is difficult to distinguish the wide subsonic region from hydrostatic state. Such galactic outflows are dfferent from the conventional supersonic outflows observed in star-forming galaxies.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in JPS Conference Proceedings. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1405.3453
Foldy-Wouthuysen Transformation, Scalar Potentials and Gravity
Creators: name: Jentschura, U. D.
name: Noble, J. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that care is required in formulating the nonrelativistic limit of generalized Dirac Hamiltonians which describe particles and antiparticles interacting with static electric and/or gravitational fields. The Dirac-Coulomb and the Dirac-Schwarzschild Hamiltonians, and the corrections to the Dirac equation in a non-inertial frame, according to general relativity, are used as example cases in order to investigate the unitarity of the standard and "chiral" approaches to the Foldy-Wouthuysen transformation, and spurious parity-breaking terms. Indeed, we find that parity-violating terms can be generated by unitary pseudo-scalar transformations ("chiral" Foldy-Wouthuysen transformations). Despite their interesting algebraic properties, we find that "chiral" Foldy-Wouthuysen transformations change fundamental symmetry properties of the Hamiltonian and do not conserve the physical interpretation of the operators. Supplementing the discussion, we calculate the leading terms in the Foldy-Wouthuysen transformation of the Dirac Hamiltonian with a scalar potential (of the (1/r)-form and of the confining radially symmetric linear form), and obtain compact expressions for the leading higher-order corrections to the Dirac Hamiltonian in a non-inertial rotating reference frame "Mashhoon term").
description: 11 pages; RevTeX
GIS-BASED SURFACE IRRIGATION POTENTIAL ASSESSMENT OF DIRMA WATERSHED, DEMBYA WOREDA, NORTH GONDER ZONE, ETHIOPIA
Creators: name: ASFAW BIRHANU
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017

description: This study was under taken to evaluate suitability of Dirma watershed for surface irrigation potential. The methodology included evaluation of slope, major soil physical properties and surface water resources availability of the watershed. Suitability of the area with respect to slope, soil and surface water resources availability were evaluated using Arc GIS 10.1. In the weighted overlay analysis, high weight was given to slope, since it is the determinant factor for surface irrigation development. Potentially suitable sites for surface irrigation development were evaluated for selected vegetable crops, Potato and Tomato. The reference evapotranspiration and net effective rainfall for each of the climatic station (Gorgora and Gonder) and net and gross irrigation requirement for each of the crop for each of the climatic station was estimated using CROPWAT software. The minimum water requirement of Tomato was found to be equal to 0.07 m3/s/ha in April during the development stage at Gonder meteorological station and 0.07 m3/s/ha in January at initial stage at Gorgora station. The maximum water equal to 0.15 m3/s/ha for tomato crop was required in March at Gonder and 0.15 m3/s/ha in May at Gorgora station. In case of Potato crop, minimum water equal to 0.19 m3/s/ha was required in January at Gorgora and 0.157 m3/s/ha at Gonder at initial stage.
Study of three 2013 novae: V1830 Aql, V556 Ser and V809 Cep
Creators: name: Munari, U.
name: Ochner, P.
name: Dallaporta, S.
name: Valisa, P.
name: Graziani, M.
name: Righetti, G. L.
name: Cherini, G.
name: Castellani, F.
name: Cetrulo, G.
name: Englaro, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: BVRI photometry and low-, medium- and high-resolution Echelle fluxed spectroscopy is presented and discussed for three faint, heavily reddened novae of the FeII-type which erupted in 2013. V1830 Aql reached a peak V=15.2 mag on 2013 Oct 30.3 UT and suffered from a huge E(B-V)~2.6 mag reddening. After a rapid decline, when the nova was Delta(V)=1.7 mag below maximum, it entered a flat plateau where it remained for a month until Solar conjunction prevented further observations. Similar values were observed for V556 Ser, that peaked near Rc=12.3 around 2013 Nov 25 and soon went lost in the glare of sunset sky. V809 Cep peaked at V=11.18 on 2013 Feb 3.6. The reddening is E(B-V)~1.7 and the nova is located within or immediately behind the spiral Outer Arm, at a distance of ~6.5 kpc as constrained by the velocity of interstellar atomic lines and the rate of decline from maximum. While passing at t_3, the nova begun to form a thick dust layer that caused a peak extinction of Delta(V)>5 mag, and took 125 days to completely dissolve. The dust extinction turned from neutral to selective around 6000 Ang. Monitoring the time evolution of the integrated flux of emission lines allowed to constrain the region of dust formation in the ejecta to be above the region of formation of OI 7774 Ang and below that of CaII triplet. Along the decline from maximum and before the dust obscuration, the emission line profiles of Nova Cep 2013 developed a narrow component (FWHM=210 km/sec) superimposed onto the much larger normal profile, making it a member of the so far exclusive but growing club of novae displaying this peculiar feature. Constrains based on the optical thickness of the innermost part of the ejecta and on the radiated flux, place the origin of the narrow feature within highly structured internal ejecta and well away from the central binary.
description: in press in MNRAS
Extended [CII] Emission in Local Luminous Infrared Galaxies
Creators: name: Diaz-Santos, T.
name: Armus, L.
name: Charmandaris, V.
name: Stacey, G.
name: Murphy, E. J.
name: Haan, S.
name: Stierwalt, S.
name: Malhotra, S.
name: Appleton, P.
name: Inami, H.
name: Magdis, G. E.
name: Elbaz, D.
name: Evans, A. S.
name: Mazzarella, J. M.
name: Surace, J. A.
name: van der Werf, P. P.
name: Xu, C. K.
name: Lu, N.
name: Meijerink, R.
name: Howell, J. H.
name: Petric, A. O.
name: Veilleux, S.
name: Sanders, D. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present Herschel/PACS observations of extended [CII]157.7μm line emission detected on ~ 1 - 10 kpc scales in 60 local luminous infrared galaxies (LIRGs) from the Great Observatories All-sky LIRG Survey (GOALS). We find that most of the extra-nuclear emission show [CII]/FIR ratios >~ 4 x 10^-3, larger than the mean ratio seen in the nuclei, and similar to those found in the extended disks of normal star-forming galaxies and the diffuse inter-stellar medium (ISM) of our Galaxy. The [CII] "deficits" found in the most luminous local LIRGs are therefore restricted to their nuclei. There is a trend for LIRGs with warmer nuclei to show larger differences between their nuclear and extra-nuclear [CII]/FIR ratios. We find an anti-correlation between [CII]/FIR and the luminosity surface density, Σ_IR, for the extended emission in the spatially-resolved galaxies. However, there is an offset between this trend and that found for the LIRG nuclei. We use this offset to derive a beam filling-factor for the star-forming regions within the LIRG disks of ~ 6 % relative to their nuclei. We confront the observed trend to photo-dissociation region (PDR) models and find that the slope of the correlation is much shallower than the model predictions. Finally, we compare the correlation found between [CII]/FIR and Σ_IR with measurements of high-redshift starbursting IR-luminous galaxies.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ Letters. 5 pages, 2 figures
The Computational Complexity of Dominance and Consistency in CP-Nets
Creators: name: Goldsmith, Judy
name: Lang, Jerome
name: Truszczyski, Miroslaw
name: Wilson, Nic
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We investigate the computational complexity of testing dominance and consistency in CP-nets. Previously, the complexity of dominance has been determined for restricted classes in which the dependency graph of the CP-net is acyclic. However, there are preferences of interest that define cyclic dependency graphs; these are modeled with general CP-nets. In our main results, we show here that both dominance and consistency for general CP-nets are PSPACE-complete. We then consider the concept of strong dominance, dominance equivalence and dominance incomparability, and several notions of optimality, and identify the complexity of the corresponding decision problems. The reductions used in the proofs are from STRIPS planning, and thus reinforce the earlier established connections between both areas.
Multiwavelength Probes of the Environs of Relativistic Shocks in Blazar Jets
Creators: name: Baring, Matthew G.
name: Boettcher, Markus
name: Summerlin, Errol J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Diffusive shock acceleration (DSA) at relativistic shocks is likely to be an important acceleration mechanism in various astrophysical jet sources, including radio-loud AGN. An important recent development for blazar science is the ability of Fermi-LAT data to pin down the power-law index of the high energy portion of emission in these sources, and therefore also the index of the underlying non-thermal particle population. This diagnostic potential was not possible prior to Fermi launch, when gamma-ray information was dominated by the highly-absorbed TeV band. This paper highlights how multiwavelength spectra including X-ray band and Fermi data can be used to probe diffusive acceleration in relativistic, oblique, MHD shocks in blazar jets. The spectral index of the non-thermal particle distributions resulting from Monte Carlo simulations of DSA, and the fraction of thermal particles accelerated to non-thermal energies, depend sensitively on the particles' mean free path scale, and also on the magnetic field obliquity to the shock normal. We investigate self-consistently the radiative synchrotron/Compton signatures of the resulting thermal and non-thermal particle distributions. Important constraints on the frequency of particle scattering and the level of field turbulence are identified for the blazar AO 0235+164. The possible interpretation that turbulence levels decline with remoteness from jet shocks, and a significant role for non-gyroresonant diffusion, are discussed.
description: 14 pages, 2 figures, to appear in Proceedings of the Fourth Meeting on High Energy Phenomena in Relativistic Outflows, eds. F. M. Rieger et al. [International Journal of Modern Physics: Conference Series]
Differences in the Quality of Housing Occupied By Black and White Households in Rural Areas of South-Central Tennessee, 1968
Creators: name: Walden, W. Charles
name: Walden, W. Charles
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1972
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Rural housing
subject: homeownership
subject: home rental
subject: Negro
subject: Family income
subject: employment
subject: Tennessee

description: A sample of rural residents in a 10-county area of Tennessee which did not have a history of plantation-type agriculture showed that homes occupied by black families were as large, had about the same number of persons per dwelling, were built about the same time, were constructed of similar materials, and had about as good a supply of water as homes occupied by white families. However, where measures of complete plumbing were used, homes occupied by blacks showed significantly lower quality. Black families made repairs and improvements to their homes just as frequently as did the white families and the black families had plans to make just as many improvements and repairs as white families.
Transfers of metabelian p-groups
Creators: name: Mayer, Daniel C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20F12, 20F14, 11R29, 11R11

description: Explicit expressions for the transfers \(V_i\) from a metabelian p-group G of coclass cc(G)=1 to its maximal normal subgroups \(M_i\) \((1\le i\le p+1)\) are derived by means of relations for generators. The expressions for the exceptional case p=2 differ significantly from the standard case of odd primes \(p\ge 3\). In both cases the transfer kernels \(Ker(V_i)\) are calculated and the principalisation type of the metabelian p-group is determined, if G is realised as the Galois group \(Gal(F_p^2(K) | K)\) of the second Hilbert p-class field \(F_p^2(K)\) of an algebraic number field K. For certain metabelian 3-groups G with abelianisation \(G/G^{\prime}\) of type (3,3) and of coclass \(cc(G)=r\ge 3\), it is shown that the principalisation type determines the position of G on the coclass graph G(3,r) in the sense of Eick and Leedham-Green.
description: 22 pages, 7 tables
"Harnessing Ancient Wisdom: Ethnoveterinary Practices for Immunity Enhancement in Livestock to Beat the Heat"
Creators: name: Dr Pravasini Das
Publisher: name: The Science world a Monthly e magazine
Year: 2023

description: As global temperatures continue to rise, heat stress poses a significant threat to livestock health and productivity. Traditional and indigenous knowledge of ethnoveterinary practices offers valuable insights into mitigating the adverse effects of heat stress while enhancing the overall immunity of livestock. Ethnoveterinary practices encompass a wide range of traditional and culturally rooted methods employed by livestock keepers. These practices, often passed down through generations, are cost-effective and environmentally sustainable alternatives to conventional veterinary treatments. In the context of climate change and increased heat stress events, their significance is growing. The practices covered in this abstract include dietary interventions, herbal remedies, and management strategies. Local herbs and plant extracts are often administered to livestock to improve their resilience to high temperatures and to strengthen their immune systems. Dietary adjustments that focus on providing the right nutrients can also play a crucial role in preventing heat stress-related issues. Furthermore, the management of livestock housing and access to shade and water are vital considerations in combating heat stress. Understanding these ethnoveterinary practices and integrating them into livestock management not only enhances the animals' immunity but also supports sustainable agriculture by reducing the reliance on synthetic drugs and energy-intensive cooling systems.
CORPORATE EFFICIENCY: THE ROLE OF SOUND FINANCIAL PRACTICES
Creators: name: Chinedu U., Nwankwo
name: Amarachi, T. Okorie
Publisher: name: AYDEN JOURNAL
Year: 2024
Subjects: Investment Decision, Financing Decisions, Dividend Decisions, Corporate Performance, Business Entities

description: Appropriate execution of financial management practices (FMPs) is very important for companies to secure capital and take financial decisions necessary for growth, profitability and performance in general. As a result, this study critically evaluates financial management practices impact on corporate performance in business entities using investment, financing, and dividend decisions as dimensions of financial management practices. The research design chosen is the survey design. The population is considered infinite, hence the use of convenience sampling to select 170 respondents from the oil and gas, financial, manufacturing sectors, and MSMEs. Four-point Likert scale questionnaire was used. The PPMC and the multiple regression analysis served as tools for inferential analysis. The p-value of 0.000 across board showed that investment decisions, financing decisions, and dividend decisions have significant impact on corporate performance of business entities.   The Pearson Correlation (r) values of 0.721, 0.785, and 0.857 indicate that business entity performance is strongly influenced by investment, financing, and dividend decisions. The combined predictor variables (investment decision, financing decision, and dividend decision) showed R Square (R²) to be 0.768 and the P-value as 0.000.and the ANOVA results confirm the positive strong impact. The recommendations made are that business entities should enhance their investment decision framework by incorporating comprehensive financial analysis and strategic alignment; optimize their financing strategy by carefully evaluating the cost and benefits of different financing options; and also implement a balanced dividend policy that aligns with both shareholder expectations and the company’s financial stability. The conclusion of the study is that financial management practices have strong positive significant impact on corporate performance
Revisiting the universality of (multiple) star formation in present-day star formation regions
Creators: name: Marks, Michael
name: Leigh, Nathan
name: Giersz, Mirek
name: Pfalzner, Susanne
name: Pflamm-Altenburg, Jan
name: Oh, Seungkyung
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Populations of multiple stars inside clustered regions are known to change through dynamical interactions. The efficiency of binary disruption is thought to be determined by stellar density. King and collaborators recently investigated the multiplicity properties in young star forming regions and in the Galactic field. They concluded that stellar density-dependent modification of a universal initial binary population (the standard or null hypothesis model) cannot explain the observations. We re-visit their results, analyzing the data within the framework of different model assumptions, namely non-universality without dynamical modification and universality with dynamics. We illustrate that the standard model does account for all known populations if regions were significantly denser in the past. Some of the effects of using present-day cluster properties as proxies for their past values are emphasized and that the degeneracy between age and density of a star forming region can not be omitted when interpreting multiplicity data. A new analysis of the Corona Australis region is performed within the standard model. It is found that this region is likely as unevolved as Taurus and an initial density of $\approx190M_{\odot}\;pc^{-3}$ is required to produce the presently observed binary population, which is close to its present-day density.
description: accepted for publication in MNRAS; 12 pages; 4 figures; 3 tables