cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Observational Anatomy of Externally Photoevaporating Planet-Forming Discs I: Atomic Carbon
Creators: name: Haworth, Thomas J.
name: Owen, James E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate the utility of CI as a tracer of photoevaporative winds that are being driven from discs by their ambient UV environment. Commonly observed CO lines only trace these winds in relatively weak UV environments and are otherwise dissociated in the wind at the intermediate to high UV fields that most young stars experience. However, CI traces unsubtle kinematic signatures of a wind in intermediate UV environments ($\sim1000$G$_0$) and can be used to place constraints on the kinematics and temperature of the wind. In CI position-velocity diagrams external photoevaporation results in velocities that are faster than those from Keplerian rotation alone, as well as emission from quadrants of position-velocity space in which there would be no Keplerian emission. This is independent of viewing angle because the wind has components that are perpendicular to the azimuthal rotation of the disc. At intermediate viewing angles ($\sim 30-60^\circ$) moment 1 maps also exhibit a twisted morphology over large scales (unlike other processes that result in twists, which are typically towards the inner disc). CI is readily observable with ALMA, which means that it is now possible to identify and characterise the effect of external photoevaporation on planet-forming discs in intermediate UV environments.
description: 12 pages, accepted for publication in MNRAS
The directed-loop algorithm
Creators: name: Sandvik, Anders W.
name: Syljuasen, Olav F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The directed-loop scheme is a framework for generalized loop-type updates in quantum Monte Carlo, applicable both to world-line and stochastic series expansion methods. Here, the directed-loop equations, the solution of which gives the probabilities of the various loop-building steps, are discussed in the context of the anisotropic $S=1/2$ Heisenberg model in a uniform magnetic field. This example shows how the directed-loop concept emerges as a natural generalization of the conventional loop algorithm, where the loops are selfavoiding, to cases where selfintersection must be allowed in order to satisfy detailed balance.
description: 10 pages, for the proceedings of "The Monte Carlo Method in the Physical Sciences: Celebrating the 50th Anniversary of the Metropolis Algorithm", Los Alamos, June 9-11, 2003
COMMUNICATIVE COMPETENCE IN TEACHING A FOREIGN LANGUAGE THROUGH CROSS-CULTURAL PERSPECTIVE
Creators: name: Durdona Mukhtorovna Khamidova
Publisher: name: Academic research in educational sciences
Year: 2021
Subjects: Learning a second language
cultural connotations
effective communication
interpreting text
communicative competence

description: In recent years, a great deal of scientific and practical research has been conducted on the problems arisen at the crossroads of cultures in teaching foreign languages, namely English. This article describes as much as possible difficulties encountered in learning English, the factors of their occurrence and ways to overcome them, the particular situations and their differences in learning a foreign language, the place and role of communicative competence. The ideas put forward have been enriched with examples. This small study concludes that the appropriate use of communicative competence in teaching a foreign language is an important factor.
title: Distinguishing The Geochemical Effects Of Sedimentary Processes And Source Region Characteristics In Gale Crater, Mars.
Creators: name: Bedford, Candice
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2019

description: The NASA Curiosity rover has investigated a diverse stratigraphic record at Gale crater, Mars, ranging from poorly-sorted conglomerates to cross-bedded sandstones and thinly-laminated mudstones. This stratigraphic record is indicative of deposition in multiple paleoenvironments (fluvial, lacustrine and aeolian), within which variable degrees of mineral sorting, chemical weathering and post-depositional aqueous alteration occurred. This study delineates the geochemical effects of these different sedimentary processes using major element data from the Chemistry and Camera (ChemCam) instrument suite and mineralogical data provided by the Chemistry and Mineralogy (CheMin) instrument suite to identify source region characteristics, mineral sorting regimes, variations in chemical weathering, and the impact of diagenesis on the geochemistry of the host rock. Delineating the different geochemical effects of these sedimentary processes on the lithified units will better constrain our understanding of the geological record and paleoenvironmental conditions in Gale crater, along with the extent of geochemical variation in the surrounding Martian crust.

 Here, I show that four previously identified compositional endmembers (subalkaline basalt, trachybasalt, trachyte and rhyolite), and one new endmember (silica-rich basalt) contributed to Gale crater’s stratigraphic groups. The previously identified endmembers’ influence extends throughout Gale crater’s stratigraphic record beyond where they were initially identified. The silica-rich basalt source region is the main contributor to the lower Mt Sharp Group, including the Vera Rubin Ridge, whose hardness likely results from a later diagenetic event precipitating additional hematite in sedimentary pore spaces. This thesis further supports that Martian fluviolacustrine deposits are more enriched in felsic material relative to mafic material with distance from the sediment source. Meanwhile, aeolian deposits become preferentially enriched in mafic materials. Geochemically identifying the ancient aeolian mineral sorting trend has also constrained the prevailing wind direction at the time of deposition as SW-NE, which is the reverse of the current prevailing wind direction within Gale crater today.
EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES BASED ON VIRTUAL REALITY
Creators: name: Munojat Mustafoyeva
name: Akhror Abduganiyev
Publisher: name: Academic research in educational sciences
Year: 2021
Subjects: virtual reality
virtual image
virtual object
virtual being
virtual education
Oculus Rift
VR-NERDS
VRAGMENTS
WDR
ARTE
virtual temperature.

description: The current situation in the world raises new and pressing issues and the need to address them effectively. In particular, with the widespread development of information and communication technologies related to the Internet, on the other hand, there is a need to prepare society and the education system to take full advantage of these processes
title: The Sublime Machine: Conceptions of Masculine Beauty 1750-1850
Creators: name: McGowan, Anthony J
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 1996

description: This thesis undertakes an investigation into the concept of personal beauty, insofar as it was applied to men, in the period 1750-1850. As a necessary first step the concept is defined. Two contemporary theories of beauty are rejected. The sociobiological attempt to incorporate an objectivist account of personal beauty into an all-encompassing evolutionary theory of human nature is shown to be incoherent, contradictory and implausible. The opposed, ultra-relativist, ‘feminist’ view, which represents beauty as nothing more than a device for the exploitation and subjugation of women, although given more credence, is also rejected. In place of these, it is argued that beauty is a ‘mythology’, a system of interlinked narratives, of persistent archetypes and enduring themes, into which new ideas are periodically introduced and new conformations established. Despite these new elements the ‘meaning’ and the coherence of the concept are not lost - it remains possible to use the term in comprehensible way. The main body of the thesis examines, through the work of a wide variety of authors, the meanings associated with male beauty in the specified period. Chapters are devoted to: the novels of Samuel Richardson; the art-historical writings of Winckelmann; the works of the anthropologists Blumenbach and Camper; the heroes and villains of Gothic fiction from Mrs Radcliffe to Charlotte Bronte; the doomed protagonists of Byron’s longer poems and dramatic works; and to the Leatherstocking novels of James Fenimore Cooper. In each case the texts discussed are investigated to reveal two things: the extent to which they illustrate ideas of beauty current in society; and the influence they were to exert on the way in which beauty would be understood in the future. A number of common themes are identified running through the works discussed, in particular, the concept of the sublime, the influence of classical thought and artistic practice, and the relationship between beauty and race.
Additional file 2 of Child witchcraft confessions as an idiom of distress in Sierra Leone; results of a rapid qualitative inquiry and recommendations for mental health interventions
Creators: name: Yoder, Hélène N. C.
name: De Jong, Joop T. V. M.
name: Tol, Wietse A.
name: Duncan, Joshua A.
name: Amjata Bayoh
name: Reis, Ria
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Science Policy
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2. Topic list interview child
Petrorossia Bezzi 1908
Creators: name: Greathead, David J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2006
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Bombyliidae
Petrorossia

description: Petrorossia Bezzi
 Petrorossia Bezzi, 1908: 35.
description: Published as part of Greathead, David J., 2006, New records of Namibian Bombyliidae (Diptera), with notes on some genera and descriptions of new species, pp. 1-88 in Zootaxa 1149 (1) on page 86, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1149.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5058081
THE USE OF MODERN INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGY IN TEACHING PROCESS
Creators: name: Laylo Sherpulatova
Publisher: name: Academic research in educational sciences
Year: 2021
Subjects: Modern
technology
innovation
method
ways
meanings
contents
activity
communication
Information
usage
development
human
life style
etc.

description: The article deals with the terminologies and their contents, meanings and usages, in real life. Modern technology, innovative technologies, their meanings and contents have been described
Best Practices in Wildfire Mass Evacuation Planning
Creators: name: Vespaziani, Leni
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2019

description: The climate is changing, and projections suggest that the Province of British Columbia (B.C.) will be at risk of longer and more severe wildfire seasons in the future. Unprecedented wildfire seasons in recent years have forced the evacuation of many B.C. communities. In addition to preventative actions taken by government, local and regional emergency managers are undergoing evacuation plan updates for the changing hazard landscape. This report identifies best practices that have emerged in mass evacuation planning based on recent literature, media sources, and findings from local and regional emergency managers that have either experienced or are planning for wildfire events. In an effort to support emergency planning on the North Shore, this report presents a set of recommendations for North Shore Emergency Management to integrate into their evacuation plan update.
Optimal Stopping Time, Consumption, Labour, and Portfolio Decision for a Pension Scheme
Creators: name: Menoncin, Francesco
name: Vergalli, Sergio
name: Menoncin, Francesco
name: Vergalli, Sergio
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Optimal Stopping Time
subject: Retirement Choice
subject: Labour Supply
subject: Asset Allocation
subject: Mortality Risk

description: In this work we solve in a closed form the problem of an agent who wants to optimise the inter-temporal utility of both his consumption and leisure by choosing: (i) the optimal inter-temporal consumption, (ii) the optimal inter-temporal labour supply, (iii) the optimal share of wealth to invest in a risky asset, and (iv) the optimal retirement age. The wage of the agent is assumed to be stochastic and correlated with the risky asset on the financial market. The problem is split into two sub-problems: the optimal consumption, labour, and portfolio problem is solved first, and then the optimal stopping time is approached. The martingale method is used for the first problem, and it allows to solve it for any value of the stopping time which is just considered as a stochastic variable. The problem of the agent is solved by assuming that after retirement he received a utility that is proportional to the remaining human capital. Finally, a numerical simulation is presented for showing the behaviour over time of the optimal solution.
Stellar Physics Across the HR Diagram with Gaia
Creators: name: Creevey, Orlagh L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gaia Data Release 3 (GDR3) contains a wealth of information to advance our knowledge of stellar physics. In these lecture notes we introduce the data products from GDR3 that can be exploited by the stellar physics community. Then we visit different regions of the HR diagram, discuss the open scientific questions, and describe how GDR3 can help advance this particular topic. Specific regions include hot OB and A type stars, FGK main sequence, giants, and variable sources, low mass stars, and ultra-cool dwarfs. Examples of scientific exploitation are also provided. These lecture notes are accompanied by a 3-hour lecture presentation and a 3-hour practical session that are publicly available on the website of the Ecole Evry Schatzman 2023: Stellar physics with Gaia, https://ees2023.sciencesconf.org/, see Lectures and Hands-on Work.
description: Introduction to Gaia and the astrophysical parameters from GDR3. Lecture notes from the Ecole Evry Schatzman 2023, https://ees2023.sciencesconf.org/ doi: 2024ees..conf....1C
Additional file 1 of Child witchcraft confessions as an idiom of distress in Sierra Leone; results of a rapid qualitative inquiry and recommendations for mental health interventions
Creators: name: Yoder, Hélène N. C.
name: De Jong, Joop T. V. M.
name: Tol, Wietse A.
name: Duncan, Joshua A.
name: Amjata Bayoh
name: Reis, Ria
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Science Policy
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Overview FGD participants
Transverse momentum fluctuations and percolation of strings
Creators: name: Ferreiro, E. G.
name: del Moral, F.
name: Pajares, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The behaviour of the transverse momentum fluctuations with the centrality of the collision shown by the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider data is naturally explained by the clustering of color sources. In this framework, elementary color sources --strings-- overlap forming clusters, so the number of effective sources is modified. These clusters decay into particles with mean transverse momentum that depends on the number of elementary sources that conform each cluster, and the area occupied by the cluster. The transverse momentum fluctuations in this approach correspond to the fluctuations of the transverse momentum of these clusters, and they behave essentially as the number of effective sources.
description: 16 pages, RevTex, 4 postscript figures. Enhanced version. New figures
USIA Poll # 1985-I85004: Arms Control
Creators: name: USIA
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2022

description: Government performance (1); opinion of certain leaders (4); party preference (2); vote in 1983 General Election (2); confidence in United States (1); confidence in the Soviet Union (1); American policies (1); Soviet policies (1); American effort to reduce arms (1); Soviet effort to reduce arms (1); Shultz/Gromyko talks (1); American/Soviet arms negotiations (4); America protecting British interests (1); verification of arms control agreements (3); Star Wars defense system (7); nuclear missiles in NATO countries (1); nuclear missiles in Britain (1); NATO handling nuclear missiles (1); Belgium postponing nuclear deployment (4).
MЕТОДИКА РАСЧЁТНО-ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНОГО ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ ПОКАЗАТЕЛЕЙ ЭКОНОМИЧНОСТИ ДВИГАТЕЛЯ С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ УНИВЕРСАЛЬНЫХ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИК
Creators: name: К. Масодиков
name: А.Абдурахимов
name: А. Хусанджонов
Publisher: name: Academic research in educational sciences
Year: 2021
Subjects: эксперимент
метод
двигатель
исследование

description: Достоверные результаты об эффективности метода регулирования двигателя изменением его рабочего объѐма дают, конечно, экспериментальные исследования. Статья посвящена именно этим вопросам
IFAD IMPACT ASSESSMENT - Irrigated rice production enhancement project (IRPEP): Philippines
Creators: name: Aslihan, Arslan
name: Daniel, Higgins
name: Paul, Winters
name: Fabrizio, Bresciani
name: Aslihan, Arslan
name: Daniel, Higgins
name: Paul, Winters
name: Fabrizio, Bresciani
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Impact assessment
subject: Food security
subject: Rural development
subject: Community development
subject: Economic growth

description: Smallholder rice farming is central to poverty reduction, food security, and rural development in the Philippines. Currently, rice affordability is threatened by the country's protectionist approach to rice imports and low production efficiency. One key issue is that around 41 percent of the country's irrigable land is not irrigated. Moreover, many irrigation systems are suggested to be poorly managed with unequal water distribution. The Irrigated Rice Production Enhancement Project (IRPEP) was implemented in three regions (VI, VII and X) of the Philippines between 2010-2015. It was designed to improve rice productivity and smallholder livelihoods by strengthening canal irrigation infrastructure of Communal Irrigation Systems (CIS), improving the capacity of the Irrigators' Associations (IAs) that manage the CIS, and offering complementary marketing support, Farmer Field Schools, and emergency seed buffer stocks. As the government provides FFS and buffer stocks to farmers across the country, we focus the assessment on the irrigation and marketing activities only. We define the impact indicators based on IRPEP's theory of change, which maps the inputs and activities of the project to outcomes and impacts through various channels. The analysis is based on quantitative data from 2,104 households and 113 IAs covering beneficiary and non-beneficiary groups, along with qualitative data from project and IA staff. We estimate IRPEP's impact by comparing beneficiary and non-beneficiary households and IAs using statistical matching techniques to ensure a clean and unbaised comparison. We then use the qualitative data to try to identify the underlying factors that shaped the results. We particularly focus our analysis on regional heterogeneities in impacts because of the considerable differences between the three project regions. The main difference between regions stems from their varying levels of exposure to extreme weather events (e.g. super typhoons), as Region VIII, and to a lesser extent Region VI, experienced significant extreme weather damage during the project's implementation.
Additional file 3 of Child witchcraft confessions as an idiom of distress in Sierra Leone; results of a rapid qualitative inquiry and recommendations for mental health interventions
Creators: name: Yoder, Hélène N. C.
name: De Jong, Joop T. V. M.
name: Tol, Wietse A.
name: Duncan, Joshua A.
name: Amjata Bayoh
name: Reis, Ria
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Science Policy
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 3. Vignette
On the non-Abelian Stokes theorem for SU(2) gauge fields
Creators: name: Gubarev, F. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive a version of non-Abelian Stokes theorem for SU(2) gauge fields in which neither additional integration nor surface ordering are required. The path ordering is eliminated by introducing the instantaneous color orientation of the flux. We also derive the non-Abelian Stokes theorem on the lattice and discuss various terms contributing to the trace of the Wilson loop.
description: Latex2e, 0+14 pages, 3 figures
Assessing the Techno-economic Effects of the Delayed Deployment of CCS Power Plants
Creators: name: Carrara, Samuel
name: Carrara, Samuel
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Carbon Capture and Storage
subject: CCS
subject: Power Generation
subject: Climate Change Mitigation
subject: Integrated Assessment Models

description: Meeting the targets of climate change mitigation set by the Paris Agreement entails a huge transformation of the energy sector, as low- or no-carbon technologies must gradually substitute traditional, fossil-based technologies. In this perspective, the vast majority of energy analyses and scenarios project a fundamental role of Carbon Capture & Storage (CCS). However, uncertainty remains on the actual techno-economic feasibility of this technology: despite the considerable investment over the recent past, commercial maturity is yet to come. The main aim of this work is to evaluate the impacts of a progressively delayed deployment of CCS plants from a climate, energy, and economic perspective, focusing in particular on the power sector. This is carried out with the Integrated Assessment Model WITCH, exploring a wide set of long-term scenarios over mitigation targets ranging from 1.5°C to 4°C in terms of global temperature increase in 2100 with respect to the pre-industrial levels. The analysis shows that CCS will be a key mitigation option at a global level for carbon mitigation, achieving about 30% of the electricity mix in 2100 (with a homogeneous distribution across coal, gas, and biomass) if its deployment is unconstrained. If CCS deployment is delayed or forbidden, penetration cannot reach the optimal unconstrained level, resulting in a mix rearrangement, with a strong increase in renewables and, to a lesser extent, nuclear. The mitigation targets can be met, but policy costs without the implementation of CCS are from 35% to 72% higher than in the corresponding unconstrained scenarios.
Spinning and color properties of the active asteroid (6478) Gault
Creators: name: Carbognani, Albino
name: Buzzoni, Alberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on accurate $BVR_{c}$ observations of (6478) Gault, a 5-6 km diameter inner main-belt asteroid in the Phocaea family, notable for its sporadic, comet-like ejection of dust. This curious behavior has been mainly interpreted as reconfigurations after YORP spin-up, although merging of a contact binary system cannot be fully excluded. We collected optical observations along the 2019 March-April period, at orbital phase angles between $12^{\circ}-21^{\circ}$, to search for direct evidence of asteroid quick spinning rotation. A prevailing period value of $3.34 \pm 0.02$ hours is supported by our and other photometric observations. In the YORP spin-up hypothesis, this period points to a bulk density $ρ\approx 1$ $\textrm{g}/\textrm{cm}^3$. The mean colors are $B-V = +0.82_{\pm 0.3}$, $V-R_{c} = +0.28_{\pm 0.06}$ and $B-R_{c} = +1.11_{\pm 0.4}$, but we have observed a strong bluer color during the April session, with about $Δ(B-V) \sim 0.35 \pm 0.09$~mag. This color change can be due to asteroid rotation and support the hypothesis that there is a bluer surface under the Gault's dust, as indicated by spectroscopic observations made on 2019 March 31 and April 8 by Marsset et al. (2019).
description: 8 pages, 12 figures, submitted to Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc
IFAD IMPACT ASSESSMENT - Project for rural income through exports (PRICE): Rwanda
Creators: name: Athur, Mabiso
name: Mohamed, Abouaziza
name: Benjamin, D. K. Wood
name: Tim, Balint
name: Athur, Mabiso
name: Mohamed, Abouaziza
name: Benjamin, D. K. Wood
name: Tim, Balint
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Impact assessment
subject: Rural development
subject: Cash crops
subject: Rural communities
subject: Price policies

description: This report presents results of an ex-post impact assessment (IA) of select components of the PRICE project relating to coffee, horticulture and financial services. The IA was conducted between May 2017 and July 2018 and used both qualitative and quantitative research methods. The current report mainly focuses on the quantitative results, while drawing on some of the insights from the qualitative survey. The quantitative results are based on secondary panel data of 85 coffee cooperatives observed over six years between 2012 and 2017 (510 observations) and two cross-sectional primary datasets collected using household surveys in 2018: (i) a sample of 2894 coffee farmers who are members of the coffee cooperatives observed over six years and (ii) 1584 horticulture farmers for the horticulture-finance component. We used a variety of quasi experimental and non-experimental design methods to estimate our results, namely difference-in-difference estimations for the cooperative-level panel data, inverse probability weight matching and entropy balancing approaches for the coffee household data, and regression discontinuity design for the horticulture-finance data.
IFAD IMPACT ASSESSMENT - Agricultural sector development programme –livestock (ASDP-L) and the agriculture service support programme (ASSP): Tanzania
Creators: name: Alessandra, Garbero
name: Bezawit, Beyene Chichaibelu
name: Alessandra, Garbero
name: Bezawit, Beyene Chichaibelu
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Impact assessment
subject: Livestock farms
subject: Food security
subject: Rural development
subject: Smallholder

description: Decades of agricultural research have led to the development of technological innovations and improved farming practices that hold a huge potential for increasing agricultural production and achieving global food security. However, the level of dissemination and adoption of this knowledge is still inadequate, especially among smallholder farmers in developing countries. In an effort to enhance the adoption of such technical innovations and improved practices, agricultural extension approaches like Farmer Field Schools (FFS) have been widely advocated. FFS are usually participatory and informal methods of training and assisting farmers in their own locality, to adopt and adapt new technologies that can improve their farming practices. The ASDP-L and ASSP projects were implemented in Zanzibar between 2007 to 2017, with an aim to contribute towards the Government initiatives to increase agricultural productivity and profitability, generate employment in rural areas and ensure national and household food security. The purpose of the projects was to empower crop and livestock farmers through capacity building and training activities offered in the form of FFS, so as to improve their agricultural production systems. The impact assessment on the ASDP-L and ASSP projects is based on a quantitative household data collected in 2018 from about 2082 FFS participants and non-participants. Information obtained via a qualitative study by the project implementation team was used to support the quantitative survey design and interpretation of results from the quantitative data analysis for this impact assessment. Statistical matching techniques were used in the sampling and data analysis to identify and select a proper comparison group for the FFS participants.
Unambiguous discrimination between quantum mixed states
Creators: name: Feng, Yuan
name: Duan, Runyao
name: Ying, Mingsheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We prove that the states secretly chosen from a mixed state set can be perfectly discriminated if and only if these states are orthogonal. The sufficient and necessary condition when nonorthogonal quantum mixed states can be unambiguously discriminated is also presented. Furthermore, we derive a series of lower bounds on the inconclusive probability of unambiguous discrimination of states from a mixed state set with \textit{a prior} probabilities.
description: 4 pages, journal version
An Analytical Approach to Neuronal Connectivity
Creators: name: Costa, Luciano da F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Quantitative Biology (q-bio)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: This paper describes how realistic neuromorphic networks can have their connectivity properties fully characterized in analytical fashion. By assuming that all neurons have the same shape and are regularly distributed along the two-dimensional orthogonal lattice with parameter $Δ$, it is possible to obtain the accurate number of connections and cycles of any length from the autoconvolution function as well as from the respective spectral density derived from the adjacency matrix. It is shown that neuronal shape plays an important role in defining the spatial spread of network connections. In addition, most such networks are characterized by the interesting phenomenon where the connections are progressively shifted along the spatial domain where the network is embedded. It is also shown that the number of cycles follows a power law with their respective length. Morphological measurements for characterization of the spatial distribution of connections, including the adjacency matrix spectral density and the lacunarity of the connections, are suggested. The potential of the proposed approach is illustrated with respect to digital images of real neuronal cells.
description: 4 pages, 6 figures
IFAD IMPACT ASSESSMENT - Plan VIDA-PEEP to eradicate extreme poverty – Phase I: Bolivia
Creators: name: Adriana, Paolantonio
name: Romina, Cavatassi
name: Kristen, McCollum
name: Adriana, Paolantonio
name: Romina, Cavatassi
name: Kristen, McCollum
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Impact assessment
subject: Agricultural production
subject: Crop productions
subject: Rural poverty
subject: Economic development

description: Over half of the rural population in Bolivia today live below the national poverty line. As agriculture represents the main source of livelihood for more than 75 per cent of this rural population, supporting the livelihoods of rural farming households is key to tackling extreme poverty in the country. In August 2011, implementation began on the project Plan VIDA-PEEP (PPV), an initiative financed jointly between IFAD and the Bolivian Government as part of the country's National Development Plan. It aimed to improve the livelihoods of households residing in vulnerable municipalities in the departments of Potosi and Cochabamba through capacity building, financing of rural development projects, and supporting citizenship and social inclusion. The project lasted five years in total and was completed in December, 2016. Plan VIDA was implemented in 8 municipalities in the southern part of Cochabamba department, and in 14 municipalities in the northern area of the Potosí department. The current impact assessment examines the effectiveness of one component of the Plan VIDA project. Under this component, the project provided financial resources to communities for the implementation of rural development projects and to municipalities for the realization of production infrastructure projects. In particular, the evaluation focuses on a specific category of projects – Community Based Productive Investments (Proyectos Inter Comunales - PICs) – which account for more than 90 per cent of total beneficiary households reached by Plan VIDA The interventions financed are chosen among a set of community-developed proposals and are therefore of a participatory and collective nature. Nonetheless, about 80 per cent of interventions provided involved distribution of new locally adapted (criollo) or improved livestock breeds to individual households. Thus, the project offers a unique research opportunity to assess both its community-based development approach and the effectiveness of its livestock inputs. This impact assessment investigates whether the Plan VIDA project contributes to well-being of beneficiaries measured through key outcome indicators of economic mobility, resilience and nutrition to respond to IFAD's strategic objectives and goals and to Bolivia's National Development Plan. To answer these questions, this ex-post evaluation applies a mixed-methods approach that combines non-experimental statistical methods and qualitative analysis to compare a sample of project beneficiaries to non-participants.
The 7% Rule: A Maximum Entropy Prediction on New Decays of the Higgs Boson
Creators: name: Alves, Alexandre
name: Dias, Alex Gomes
name: da Silva, Roberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The entropy of the Higgs boson decay probabilities distribution in the Standard Model (SM) is maximized for a Higgs mass value that is less than one standard deviation away from the current experimental measurement. This successful estimate of the Higgs mass encourages us to propose tests of the Maximum Entropy Principle (MEP) as a tool for theoretical inferences in other instances of Higgs physics. In this letter, we show that, irrespective of the extension of the SM predicting a new Higgs boson decay channel, its branching ratio can be inferred to be around 7% in such a way that the new entropy of decays still exhibits a maximum at the experimental Higgs mass. This 7% rule can be tested whenever a new Higgs decay channel is found. In order to illustrate the MEP predictions, we apply the MEP inference to Higgs portal models, Higgs-axion interactions, lepton flavour violating decays of the Higgs boson, and a dark gauge boson model.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures. Version published in Nuclear Physics B
Lamellidens Simpson 1900
Creators: name: Bolotov, Ivan N.
name: Sonowal, Jyotish
name: Kardong, Devid
name: Pasupuleti, Rajeev
name: Subba Rao, Nalluri V.
name: Unnikrishnan, Suresh Kumar
name: Gofarov, Mikhail Y.
name: Kondakov, Alexander V.
name: Konopleva, Ekaterina S.
name: Lyubas, Artem A.
name: Vikhrev, Ilya V.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Bivalvia
Unionida
Unionidae
Lamellidens

description: Genus Lamellidens Simpson, 1900
(type species: Unio marginalis Lamarck, 1819; by original designation) (Simpson 1900).
(Figs 4B–G, 5A–G)
Comments: This genus contains 13 recent species (Bolotov et al. 2022a, b). Two widespread and one putative local species were recorded from Assam (Table 1).
description: Published as part of Bolotov, Ivan N., Sonowal, Jyotish, Kardong, Devid, Pasupuleti, Rajeev, Subba Rao, Nalluri V., Unnikrishnan, Suresh Kumar, Gofarov, Mikhail Y., Kondakov, Alexander V., Konopleva, Ekaterina S., Lyubas, Artem A. & Vikhrev, Ilya V., 2024, Discovery of an endemism hotspot of freshwater mussels (Bivalvia: Unionidae) in Assam, with a description of two new genera, pp. 1-19 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 202 (4) on page 13, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae052, http://zenodo.org/record/14805013
Spiral modes in the diffusion of a granular particle on a vibrating surface
Creators: name: Klages, R.
name: Barna, I. F.
name: Matyas, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a particle that is subject to a constant force and scatters inelastically on a vibrating periodically corrugated floor. At small friction and small radius of the circular scatterers the dynamics is dominated by resonances forming spiral structures in phase space. These spiral modes lead to pronounced maxima and minima in the diffusion coefficient as a function of the vibration frequency, as is shown in computer simulations. Our theoretical predictions may be verified experimentally by studying transport of granular matter on vibratory conveyors.
description: 10 pages, 3 eps-figures
Proper-Motion Measurements with the VLA. II. Observations of Twenty-eight Pulsars
Creators: name: Brisken, W. F.
name: Fruchter, A. S.
name: Goss, W. M.
name: Herrnstein, R. S.
name: Thorsett, S. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the Very Large Array, we have measured the proper motions of twenty-eight radio pulsars. On average, the pulsars studied are fainter and more distant than those studied in earlier work, reducing the selection biases inherent in surveys restricted to the Solar neighborhood. The typical measurement precision achieved is a few milliarcseconds per year, corresponding to a few tens of kilometers per second for a pulsar a kiloparsec away. While our results compare well with higher-precision measurements done using very-long baseline interferometry, we find that several earlier proper motion surveys appear to have reported overly optimistic measurement uncertainties, most likely because of a failure to fully account for ionospheric effects. We discuss difficulties inherent in estimating pulsar velocities from proper motions given poorly constrained pulsar distances. Our observations favor a distribution with 20% of pulsars in a low velocity component (sigma_1D = 99 km/s) and 80% in a high velocity component (sigma_1D = 294 km/s). Furthermore, our sample is consistent with a scale height of pulsar birthplaces comparable to the scale height of the massive stars that are their presumed progenitors. No evidence is found in our data for a significant population of young pulsars born far from the plane. We find that estimates of pulsar ages based on kinematics agree well with the canonical spin-down age estimate, but agreement is improved if braking indexes are drawn from a Gaussian distribution centered at n=3 with width 0.8.
description: 20 pages. Accepted for publication in the Astronomical Journal
Direct Experimental Test of Forward and Reverse Uncertainty Relations
Creators: name: Xiao, Lei
name: Fan, Bowen
name: Wang, Kunkun
name: Pati, Arun Kumar
name: Xue, Peng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The canonical Robertson-Schrödinger uncertainty relation provides a loose bound for the product of variances of two non-commuting observables. Recently, several tight forward and reverse uncertainty relations have been proved which go beyond the traditional uncertainty relations. Here we experimentally test multifold of state-dependent uncertainty relations for the product as well as the sum of variances of two incompatible observables for photonic qutrits. These uncertainty relations are independent of any optimization and still tighter than the Robertson-Schrödinger uncertainty relation and other ones found in current literatures. For the first time, we also test the state-dependent reverse uncertainty relations for the sum of variances of two incompatible observables, which implies another unique feature of preparation uncertainty in quantum mechanics. Our experimental results not only foster insight into a fundamental limitation on preparation uncertainty but also may contribute to the study of upper limit of precession measurements for incompatible observables.
description: Latex file, 5 pages, 4 Figs
Hard gluon damping in hot QCD
Creators: name: Peshier, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The gluon collisional width in hot QCD plasmas is discussed with emphasis on temperatures near $T_c$, where the coupling is large. Considering its effect on the entropy, which is known from lattice calculations, it is argued that the width, which in the perturbative limit is given by $γ\sim g^2 \ln(1/g) T$, should be sizeable at intermediate temperatures but has to be small close to $T_c$. Implications of these results for several phenomenologically relevant quantities, such as the energy loss of hard jets, are pointed out.
description: uses RevTex and graphicx
On the linear stability of anisotropic pressure equilibria with field-aligned incompressible flow
Creators: name: Evangelias, A.
name: Throumoulopoulos, G. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive a sufficient condition for the linear stability of plasma equilibria with incompressible flow parallel to the magnetic field, $\bf B$, constant mass density and anisotropic pressure such that the quantity $σ_d= μ_0(P_\parallel -P_\perp)/B^2$, where $P_\parallel$ ($P_\perp$) is the pressure tensor element parallel (perpendicular) to $\bf B$, remains constant. This condition is applicable to any steady state without geometrical restriction. The condition, generalising the respective condition for MHD equilibria with isotropic pressure and constant density derived in Throumoulopoulos & Tasso (2007), involves physically interpretable terms related to the magnetic shear, the flow shear and the variation of total pressure perpendicular to the magnetic surfaces. On the basis of this condition we prove that if a given equilibrium is linearly stable, then the ones resulting from the application of Bogoyavlenskij symmetry transformations are linearly stable too, provided that a parameter involved in those transformations is positive. In addition, we examine the impact of pressure anisotropy, flow, and torsion of a helical magnetic axis, for a specific class of analytic equilibria. In this case we find that the pressure anisotropy and the flow may have either stabilising or destabilising effects. Also, helical configurations with small torsion and large pitch seem to have more favorable stability properties.
Neutrino Tomography of Gamma Ray Bursts and Massive Stellar Collapses
Creators: name: Razzaque, Soebur
name: Meszaros, Peter
name: Waxman, Eli
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Neutrinos at energies above TeV can serve as probes of the stellar progenitor and jet dynamics of gamma ray bursts arising from stellar core collapses. They can also probe collapses which do not lead to gamma-rays, which may be much more numerous. We calculate detailed neutrino spectra from shock accelerated protons in jets just below the outer stellar envelope, before their emergence. We present neutrino flux estimates from such pre-burst jets for two different massive stellar progenitor models. These should be distinguishable by IceCube, and we discuss the implications.
description: 7 pages, 1 figure, published version
Are the Tonks regimes in the continuum and on the lattice truly equivalent?
Creators: name: Cazalilla, M. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by recent experiments, we compare the Tonks (i.e. hard-core boson gas) regime achieved in an optical lattice with the Tonks regime of a one-dimensional Bose gas in the continuum. For the lattice gas, we compute the local (i.e. on-site) two-body correlations as a function of temperature and the filling of the lattice. It is found that this function saturates to a constant value with increasing temperature. Furthermore, the parameter that characterizes the long-distance correlations in the lattice Tonks regime is also obtained, showing that on the lattice the long-distance correlations enter the Tonks regime more rapidly than in the continuum.
description: 4 pages + 1 EPS figure; v2: presentation improved (results and conclusions unchanged), references added, corrected typo
Additional file 1 of Characteristics of adrenal insufficiency in hemodialysis patients
Creators: name: Naro Ohashi
name: Sakao, Yukitoshi
name: Sato, Taichi
name: Ishigaki, Sayaka
name: Isobe, Shinsuke
name: Fujikura, Tomoyuki
name: Kato, Akihiko
name: Yasuda, Hideo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Hematology
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 1:. Supplementary Table 1: Characteristics of the patients suspected to have adrenal insufficiency.