Tylopus hongkhraiensis Likhitrakarn & Golovatch & Panha 2016, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Likhitrakarn, Natdanai
name: Golovatch, Sergei I.
name: Panha, Somsak
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Diplopoda
Polydesmida
Paradoxosomatidae
Tylopus
Tylopus hongkhraiensis

description: Tylopus hongkhraiensis sp. nov.
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: E217CF1E-83D8-4EFD-875B-7C3845D01580
Figs 4–6, 26
Diagnosis
Differs from all known congeners in the almost missing paraterga, coupled with the gonopod being especially similar to that of T. magicus Golovatch, 1984, but differs in process h being strong and
pointed, while process z long, slender and pointed.
Etymology
The species is named to emphasize the type locality; adjective.
Material examined
Holotype
THAILAND: ♂, Huai Hong Khrai Royal Development Study Centre, Doi Saket, Chiang Mai, 18°52'45" N, 99°12'40" E, ca 420 m a.s.l., 29 Jul. 2015, leg. N. Likhitrakarn (CUMZ).
Paratypes
THAILAND: 4 ♂♂, 4 ♀♀ (CUMZ); 1 ♂, 1 ♀ (ZMUM ρ3060); 1 ♂, 1 ♀ (ZMUC); 1 ♂, 1 ♀ (NHMW), all same data as for holotype.
Description
MEASUREMENTS AND COLOUR. Length 11.2–12.8 (♂) or 11.5–12.6 mm (♀), width of midbody pro- and metazonae 0.85–0.96 and 1.04–1.2 mm (♂) or 0.85–1.05 and 1.05–1.32 mm (♀), respectively. Coloration of live animals dark brown (Fig. 4A); legs light brown, venter and a few basal podomeres light brown to yellow-brown. Coloration in alcohol after three months of preservation faded to light brown; antennae and epiproct light brown to pallid, venter and a few basal podomeres light brown to pallid (Fig. 4 B–J).
HEAD. Clypeolabral region and vertex sparsely setose, epicranial suture distinct. Antennae rather short (Fig. 4A), surpassing body segment 2 (♂, ♀) when stretched dorsally. In width, segment 3 <2 <collum <segment 4 <5 <6 <7 <head <8–17 (♂) or segment 2 <3 <collum <segment 4 <5 = 6 <7 <head <8–17 (♀); thereafter body gently and gradually tapering. Collum with three transverse rows of setae: 3+3 anterior, 2+2 intermediate and 3+3 posterior; caudal corner very narrowly rounded, not surpassing rear tergal margin (Fig. 4B – C).
BODY. Tegument smooth and shining, prozonae very finely shagreened, metaterga nearly smooth, faintly rugulose and leathery (Fig. 4 B–F, H). Postcollum metaterga with two transverse rows of setae: 2+2 anterior and 2+2 posterior, traceable at least as insertion points when setae broken off. Tergal setae simple, slender, rather short, about 1/5 of metatergal length. Axial line visible, traceable only on metazonae. Postcollum paraterga virtually missing, in pore-bearing segments lateral bulges with ozopores set at about half of midbody height. Ozopores (Op) evident (Fig. 4E), lateral, located at about 1/3 of metatergal length in front of posterior edge of metaterga. Transverse sulcus complete on segments 6–16, incomplete on segments 7 and 18 (♂, ♀), very narrow, shallow, not reaching bases of paraterga (Fig. 4 B–F, H). Stricture between pro- and metazonae wide, deep, evidently ribbed at bottom down to base of paraterga (Fig. 4 B–F, H). Pleurosternal carinae complete crests with a very sharp median tooth on segment 2, increasingly reduced to a rounded caudal crest bulged on segments 2 and 3 (♂, ♀), retained only as an evident, sharp, caudal tooth on segments 5 and 6, thereafter increasingly reduced in size until segment 17, remaining as a small caudal tooth on segment 18 (♂) (Fig. 4C, E, H), or increasingly reduced to caudally roughly granulated bulges on segments 5 and 6, thereafter missing (♀). Epiproct (Fig. 4 F–H) conical, flattened dorsoventrally, with two small, but evident, rounded apical papillae; tip subtruncate; lateral pre-apical papillae very small, lying close to tip. Hypoproct roundly subtrapeziform, setigerous knobs at caudal edge small and well-separated (Fig. 4G).
STERNA. Sparsely setose, without modifications; a small, rounded, densely setose sternal cone between ♂ coxae 4 (Fig. 4I, J). A paramedian pair of small tubercles in front of gonopod aperture. Legs rather rather short, slightly incrassate in ♂, midbody ones ca 1.1–1.3 (♂) or 0.8–0.9 times (♀) as long as body height, prefemora without modifications, ♂ tarsal brushes absent.
GONOPOD. Simple (Figs 5, 6); fermorite faintly curved, stout, slightly expanded distad, showing a strong mesal groove; process h prominent, slightly curved, pointed; process z long and rather slender, evident, likewise curved and pointed; solenophore (sph) expanded distally and flattened, typically coiled, clearly bifid, with a pair of small spines.
Remarks
The millipedes were found mating on bamboo logs on the soil surface during rain. The male was observed walking along the female’s back and stimulating her with rhythmic pulses of his legs. The tips of the solenophore and solenomere in Fig. 6 are broken off.
description: Published as part of Likhitrakarn, Natdanai, Golovatch, Sergei I. & Panha, Somsak, 2016, The millipede genus Tylopus Jeekel, 1968 (Diplopoda, Polydesmida, Paradoxosomatidae), with a key and descriptions of eight new species from Indochina, pp. 1-47 in European Journal of Taxonomy 195 on pages 7-10, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2016.195, http://zenodo.org/record/3837846