cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Topos Semantics for a Higher-Order Temporal Logic of Actions
Creators: name: Johnson-Freyd, Philip
name: Aytac, Jon
name: Hulette, Geoffrey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: TLA is a popular temporal logic for writing stuttering-invariant specifications of digital systems. However, TLA lacks higher-order features useful for specifying modern software written in higher-order programming languages. We use categorical techniques to recast a real-time semantics for TLA in terms of the actions of a group of time dilations, or "stutters," and an extension by a monoid incorporating delays, or "falters." Via the geometric morphism of the associated presheaf topoi induced by the inclusion of stutters into falters, we construct the first model of a higher-order TLA.
description: In Proceedings ACT 2019, arXiv:2009.06334
Cation-like Doppler shifts from a neutral molecule in an electrical discharge
Creators: name: Herbin, Hervé
name: Farrenq, Robert
name: Guelachvili, Guy
name: Picqué, Nathalie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Velocity-modulation Fourier transform emission spectra from a N_2O/He discharge plasma recorded between 1 and 5.5 $μ$m are described. Surprisingly, they show Doppler-shifted lines for the E ^2 Σ^+ - D ^2 Σ^+, C ^2 Π- A ^2 Σ^+, and D ^2 Σ^+ - A ^2 Σ^+ Rydberg-Rydberg rovibronic transitions of the nitric oxide neutral molecule. These polarity-dependent Doppler-shifts are those of positively charged particles. Vibration-rotation lines of NO and transitions from other neutral molecules like N_2 are also present in the spectra with comparable intensities and remain unshifted. Experimental investigations and possible explanations are discussed.
How reciprocity impacts ordering and phase separation in active nematics?
Creators: name: Sinha, Arpan
name: Chaudhuri, Debasish
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Active nematics undergo spontaneous symmetry breaking and show phase separation instability. Within the prevailing notion that macroscopic properties depend only on symmetries and conservation laws, different microscopic models are used out of convenience. Here, we test this notion carefully by analyzing three different microscopic models of apolar active nematics. They share the same symmetry but differ in implementing reciprocal or non-reciprocal interactions, including a Vicsek-like implementation. We show how such subtle differences in microscopic realization determine if the ordering transition is continuous or first order. Despite the difference in the type of phase transition, all three models exhibit fluctuation-dominated phase separation and quasi-long-range order in the nematic phase.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures; version accepted for publication in Soft Matter
Internal lenses as functors and cofunctors
Creators: name: Clarke, Bryce
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Lenses may be characterised as objects in the category of algebras over a monad, however they are often understood instead as morphisms, which propagate updates between systems. Working internally to a category with pullbacks, we define lenses as simultaneously functors and cofunctors between categories. We show that lenses may be canonically represented as a particular commuting triangle of functors, and unify the classical state-based lenses with both c-lenses and d-lenses in this framework. This new treatment of lenses leads to considerable simplifications that are important in applications, including a clear interpretation of lens composition.
description: In Proceedings ACT 2019, arXiv:2009.06334
Characterizing the companion AGBs using surface chemical composition of barium stars
Creators: name: Shejeelammal, J.
name: Goswami, Aruna
name: Goswami, Partha Pratim
name: Rathour, Rajeev Singh
name: Masseron, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Barium stars are one of the important probes to understand the origin and evolution of slow neutron-capture process elements in the Galaxy. These are extrinsic stars, where the observed s-process element abundances are believed to have an origin in the now invisible companions that produced these elements at their Asymptotic Giant Branch phase of evolution. We have attempted to understand the s-process nucleosynthesis, as well as the physical properties of the companion stars through a detailed comparison of observed elemental abundances of 10 barium stars with the predictions from AGB nucleosynthesis models, FRUITY. For these stars, we have presented estimates of abundances of several elements, C, N, O, Na, Al, $α$-elements, Fe-peak elements and neutron-capture elements Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Ba, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm and Eu. The abundance estimates are based on high resolution spectral analysis. Observations of Rb in four of these stars have allowed us to put a limit to the mass of the companion AGB stars. Our analysis clearly shows that the former companions responsible for the surface abundance peculiarities of these stars are low-mass AGB stars. Kinematic analysis have shown the stars to be members of Galactic disk population.
String Diagrams for Regular Logic (Extended Abstract)
Creators: name: Fong, Brendan
name: Spivak, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Regular logic can be regarded as the internal language of regular categories, but the logic itself is generally not given a categorical treatment. In this paper, we understand the syntax and proof rules of regular logic in terms of the free regular category FRg(T) on a set T. From this point of view, regular theories are certain monoidal 2-functors from a suitable 2-category of contexts -- the 2-category of relations in FRg(T) -- to that of posets. Such functors assign to each context the set of formulas in that context, ordered by entailment. We refer to such a 2-functor as a regular calculus because it naturally gives rise to a graphical string diagram calculus in the spirit of Joyal and Street. We shall show that every natural category has an associated regular calculus, and conversely from every regular calculus one can construct a regular category.
description: In Proceedings ACT 2019, arXiv:2009.06334. Condensed version of arXiv:1812.05765
CST-YOLO: A Novel Method for Blood Cell Detection Based on Improved YOLOv7 and CNN-Swin Transformer
Creators: name: Kang, Ming
name: Ting, Chee-Ming
name: Ting, Fung Fung
name: Phan, Raphaël
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: I.4.6; I.5.1; J.3
subject: 68T07, 68T10, 68U10, 62P10

description: Blood cell detection is a typical small-scale object detection problem in computer vision. In this paper, we propose a CST-YOLO model for blood cell detection based on YOLOv7 architecture and enhance it with the CNN-Swin Transformer (CST), which is a new attempt at CNN-Transformer fusion. We also introduce three other useful modules: Weighted Efficient Layer Aggregation Networks (W-ELAN), Multiscale Channel Split (MCS), and Concatenate Convolutional Layers (CatConv) in our CST-YOLO to improve small-scale object detection precision. Experimental results show that the proposed CST-YOLO achieves 92.7%, 95.6%, and 91.1% mAP@0.5, respectively, on three blood cell datasets, outperforming state-of-the-art object detectors, e.g., RT-DETR, YOLOv5, and YOLOv7. Our code is available at https://github.com/mkang315/CST-YOLO.
A phylogenetic analysis of galaxies in the Coma Cluster and the field: a new approach to galaxy evolution
Creators: name: Martínez-Marín, M.
name: Demarco, R.
name: Cabrera-Vives, G.
name: Cerulo, P.
name: Leigh, N. W. C.
name: Herrera-Camus, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a phylogenetic approach (PA) as a novel and robust tool to detect galaxy populations (GPs) based on their chemical composition. The branches of the tree are interpreted as different GPs and the length between nodes as the internal chemical variation along a branch. We apply the PA using 30 abundance indices from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey to 475 galaxies in the Coma Cluster and 438 galaxies in the field. We find that a dense environment, such as Coma, shows several GPs, which indicates that the environment is promoting galaxy evolution. Each population shares common properties that can be identified in colour magnitude space, in addition to minor structures inside the red sequence. The field is more homogeneous, presenting one main GP. We also apply a principal component analysis (PCA) to both samples, and find that the PCA does not have the same power in identifying GPs.
Computational investigation on the effect of Oleuropein aglycone on the α-synuclein aggregation
Creators: name: Borah, Priyanka
name: Airy Sanjeev
name: Venkata Satish Kumar Mattaparthi
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Computational Biology

description: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is considered to be the second most common progressive neurodegenerative brain disorder after Alzheimer’s disease, which is caused by misfolding and aggregation of Alpha-synuclein (α-synuclein). It is characterized by distinct aggregated fibrillary form of α-synuclein known as the Lewy bodies and Lewy neurites. The most promising approach to combat PD is to prevent the misfolding and subsequent aggregation of α-synuclein. Recently, Oleuropein aglycone (OleA) has been reported to stabilize the monomeric structure of α-synuclein, subsequently favoring the growth of nontoxic aggregates. Therefore, understanding the conformational dynamics of α-synuclein monomer in the presence of OleA is significant. Here, we have investigated the effect of OleA on the conformational dynamics and the aggregation propensity of α-synuclein using molecular dynamics simulation. From molecular dynamics trajectory analysis, we noticed that when OleA is bound to α-synuclein, the intramolecular distance between non-amyloid-β component domain and C-terminal domain of α-synuclein was increased, whereas long-range hydrophobic interactions between the two region were reduced. Oleuropein aglycone was found to interact with the N-terminal domain of α-synuclein, making this region unavailable for interaction with membranes and lipids for the formation of cellular toxic aggregates. From the binding-free energy analysis, we found binding affinity between α-synuclein and OleA to be indeed high (ΔGbind = –12.56 kcal mol−1 from MM-PBSA and ΔGbind = –27.41 kcal mol−1from MM-GBSA). Our findings in this study thus substantiate the effect of OleA on the structure and stabilization of α-synuclein monomer that subsequently favors the growth of stable and nontoxic aggregates. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma
The Upper Limit of Magnetic Field Strength in Dense Stellar Hadronic Matter
Creators: name: Chakrabarty, Somenath
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that in strongly magnetized neutron stars, there exist upper limits of magnetic field strength, beyond which the self energies for both neutron and proton components of neutron star matter become complex in nature. As a consequence they decay within the strong interaction time scale. However, in the ultra-strong magnetic field case, when the zeroth Landau level is only occupied by protons, the system again becomes stable against strong decay.
description: 6 pages Revtex, 2 .eps figures, fig.(1) is not included
Learning Functors using Gradient Descent
Creators: name: Gavranović, Bruno
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Neural networks are a general framework for differentiable optimization which includes many other machine learning approaches as special cases. In this paper we build a category-theoretic formalism around a neural network system called CycleGAN. CycleGAN is a general approach to unpaired image-to-image translation that has been getting attention in the recent years. Inspired by categorical database systems, we show that CycleGAN is a "schema", i.e. a specific category presented by generators and relations, whose specific parameter instantiations are just set-valued functors on this schema. We show that enforcing cycle-consistencies amounts to enforcing composition invariants in this category. We generalize the learning procedure to arbitrary such categories and show a special class of functors, rather than functions, can be learned using gradient descent. Using this framework we design a novel neural network system capable of learning to insert and delete objects from images without paired data. We qualitatively evaluate the system on the CelebA dataset and obtain promising results.
description: In Proceedings ACT 2019, arXiv:2009.06334. This paper is a condensed version of the master thesis of the author (arXiv:1907.08292)
A new critical study of photon production in hadronic collisions
Creators: name: Aurenche, Patrick
name: Fontannaz, Michel
name: Guillet, Jean-Philippe
name: Pilon, Eric
name: Werlen, Monique
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the light of the new prompt photon data collected by PHENIX at RHIC and by D0 at the run II of the Tevatron, we revisit the world prompt photon data, both inclusive and isolated, in hadronic collisions, and compare them with the NLO QCD calculations implemented in the Monte Carlo programme JETPHOX.
description: 19 pages; 12 figures
Bulk Reconstruction from Generalized Free Fields
Creators: name: Nebabu, Tamra
name: Qi, Xiao-Liang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a generalized protocol for constructing a dual free bulk theory from any boundary model of generalized free fields (GFFs). To construct the bulk operators, we employ a linear ansatz similar to the Hamilton-Kabat-Liftschytz and Lowe (HKLL) construction. However, unlike the HKLL construction, our protocol relies only on boundary data with no presupposed form for the bulk equations of motion, so our reconstructed bulk is fully emergent. For a (1+1)d bulk, imposing the bulk operator algebra as well as a causal structure is sufficient to determine the bulk operators and dynamics uniquely up to an unimportant local basis choice. We study the bulk construction for several two-sided SYK models with and without coupling between the two sides, and find good agreement with known results in the low-temperature conformal limit. In particular, we find bulk features consistent with the presence of a black hole horizon for the TFD state, and characterize the infalling fermion modes. We are also able to extract bulk quantities such as the curvature and bulk state correlators in terms of boundary quantities. In the presence of coupling between the two SYK models, we are able to observe evidence of the shockwave geometry and the traversable wormhole geometry using the two-sided mutual information between the reconstructed bulk operators. Our results show evidence that features of the geometric bulk can survive away from the low temperature conformal limit. Furthermore, the generality of the protocol allows it to be applied to other boundary theories with no canonical holographic bulk.
FlakyFix: Using Large Language Models for Predicting Flaky Test Fix Categories and Test Code Repair
Creators: name: Fatima, Sakina
name: Hemmati, Hadi
name: Briand, Lionel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Flaky tests are problematic because they non-deterministically pass or fail for the same software version under test, causing confusion and wasting development effort. While machine learning models have been used to predict flakiness and its root causes, there is much less work on providing support to fix the problem. To address this gap, in this paper, we focus on predicting the type of fix that is required to remove flakiness and then repair the test code on that basis. We do this for a subset of flaky tests where the root cause of flakiness is in the test itself and not in the production code. One key idea is to guide the repair process with additional knowledge about the test's flakiness in the form of its predicted fix category. Thus, we first propose a framework that automatically generates labeled datasets for 13 fix categories and trains models to predict the fix category of a flaky test by analyzing the test code only. Our experimental results using code models and few-shot learning show that we can correctly predict most of the fix categories. To show the usefulness of such fix category labels for automatically repairing flakiness, we augment the prompts of GPT-3.5 Turbo, a Large Language Model (LLM), with such extra knowledge to request repair suggestions. The results show that our suggested fix category labels, complemented with in-context learning, significantly enhance the capability of GPT-3.5 Turbo in generating fixes for flaky tests. Based on the execution and analysis of a sample of GPT-repaired flaky tests, we estimate that a large percentage of such repairs (roughly between 51% and 83%) can be expected to pass. For the failing repaired tests, on average, 16% of the test code needs to be further changed for them to pass.
description: 26 pages, 20 Figures
On quasi-contractivity of $C_0$-semigroups on Banach spaces
Creators: name: Matolcsi, Mate
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 47D06, 47A05

description: A basic result in semigroup theory states that every $C_0$-semigroup is quasi-contractive with respect to some appropriately chosen equivalent norm. This paper contains a counterpart of this well-known fact. Namely, by examining the convergence of the Trotter-type formula $(e^{\frac{t}{n}A}P)^n$ (where $P$ denotes a bounded projection), we prove that whenever the generator $A$ is unbounded it is possible to introduce an equivalent norm on the space with respect to which the semigroup is {\it{not}} quasi-contractive.
description: 4 pages
Lexical elicitation: voice quality; Mann 1-118
Creators: name: Jankhotekaew, Samong
name: Tonprathum, Sompong
name: Lau-Preechathammarach, Raksit Tyler
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: thm

description: Elicitation of words differing only in voice quality (modal, breathy, creaky) and words from Mann's MSEA Swadesh list 1-118. Other voices included. Recorded using Praat on a Macbook Pro from early 2011. Consultant Samong Jankhotekaew is a 59-year-old male and is the main consultant in this recording.
The ritual context of morality books : a case-study of a Taiwanese spirit-writing cult
Creators: name: Clart, Philip Arthur
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The present study focusses on the description and analysis of the religious beliefs and practices of a central Taiwanese spirit-writing cult or "phoenix hall" (luantang). A phoenix hall is a voluntary religious association of congregational character centring upon communication with the gods by means of the divinatory technique of "spirit-writing" (fuluan). While spirit-writing can be and is used as an oracle for the solving of believers' personal problems, its more high-profile application is for the writing of so-called "morality books" (shanshu), i.e., books of religious instruction and moral exhortation. Spirit-writing cults are nowadays the most important sources of such works. Much attention has been given to morality books as mirrors of the social concerns of their times, but comparatively little work has been done on the groups that produce them and the meaning these works have for them. An adequate understanding of the meanings and functions of morality books, however, is impossible without some knowledge of the religious groups that produce them and the role played by morality books in their beliefs and practices. It is the objective of this thesis to provide a detailed description and analysis of one such group, the "Temple of the Martial Sage, Hall of Enlightened Orthodoxy" (Wumiao Mingzheng Tang), a phoenix hall in the city of Taizhong that was founded in 1976 and has played a significant role in the modern development of the shanshu genre through the active and varied publications programme of its publishing arm, the Phoenix Friend Magazine Society. The study utilizes data extracted from the Hall's published writings as well as interview, observation, and questionnaire data collected during an eight month period of field research in Taizhong. Part I provides a macrohistorical overview of the development of spirit-writing cults on the Chinese mainland (chapter 1) and on Taiwan (chapter 2) since the nineteenth century, leading up to the case-example's microhistory (chapter 3). Part II is devoted to an account of the beliefs and practices of the Wumiao Mingzheng Tang, including descriptions and analyses of its organization, deities, ritual activities, concepts of moral cultivation, and of the body of morality book literature it has produced over the years. The appendix contains samples of the cult's morality book and scriptural literature, as well as of various liturgical texts.
3D-to-2D Transition of Anion Mobility in CsPbBr$_{3}$ under Pressure
Creators: name: Smolders, Thijs J. A. M.
name: Walker, Alison B.
name: Wolf, Matthew J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effects of hydrostatic pressure in the range 0.0--2.0 GPa on anion mobility in the orthorhombic $Pnma$ phase of CsPbBr$_{3}$. Using density functional theory and the climbing nudged elastic band method, we calculate the transition states and activation energies for anions to migrate both within and between neighbouring PbBr$_{3}$ octahedra. The results of those calculations are used as input to a kinetic model for anion migration, which we solve in the steady state to determine the anion mobility tensor as a function of applied pressure. We find that the response of the mobility tensor to increasing pressure is highly anisotropic, being strongly enhanced in the $(010)$ lattice plane and strongly reduced in the direction normal to it at elevated pressure. These results demonstrate the potentially significant influence of pressure and strain on the magnitude and direction of anion migration in lead--halide perovskites.
description: 25 pages, 3 figures
A GPU-Accelerated Fast Summation Method Based on Barycentric Lagrange Interpolation and Dual Tree Traversal
Creators: name: Wilson, Leighton
name: Vaughn, Nathan
name: Krasny, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present the barycentric Lagrange dual tree traversal (BLDTT) fast summation method for particle interactions. The scheme replaces well-separated particle-particle interactions by adaptively chosen particle-cluster, cluster-particle, and cluster-cluster approximations given by barycentric Lagrange interpolation at proxy particles on a Chebyshev grid in each cluster. The BLDTT is kernel-independent and the approximations can be efficiently mapped onto GPUs, where target particles provide an outer level of parallelism and source particles provide an inner level of parallelism. We present an OpenACC GPU implementation of the BLDTT with MPI remote memory access for distributed memory parallelization. The performance of the GPU-accelerated BLDTT is demonstrated for calculations with different problem sizes, particle distributions, geometric domains, and interaction kernels, as well as for unequal target and source particles. Comparison with our earlier particle-cluster barycentric Lagrange treecode (BLTC) demonstrates the superior performance of the BLDTT. In particular, on a single GPU for problem sizes ranging from $N$=1E5 to 1E8, the BLTC has $O(N\log N)$ scaling, while the BLDTT has $O(N)$ scaling. In addition, MPI strong scaling results are presented for the BLTC and BLDTT using $N$=64E6 particles on up to 32 GPUs.
description: 31 pages, 36 figures
Automated Project Completion Forecasting
Creators: name: Tetarenko, Alexandra J.
name: Parsons, Harriet
name: Graves, Sarah
name: Dempsey, Jessica
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the age of Large Programs and Big Data a key component in project planning for ground-based astronomical observatories is understanding how to balance users demands and telescope capabilities. In particular, future planning for operations requires us to asses the impact of a complex set of parameters, such as right ascension, instrument, and sky condition pressures over coming semesters. Increased understanding of these parameters can provide: improved scientific output, better management of user expectations, more accurate advertised/allocated time under a Call for Proposals, and improved scheduling for instrumental commissioning and engineering work. We present ongoing efforts by staff at the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope (JCMT) to build a tool to provide automated completion forecasting of Large Programs undertaken at this telescope, which make up 50% of the observing time available at the JCMT.
description: 12 pages, 9 figures, SPIE Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation 2020, Paper Number: 11449-51
Sparse learned kernels for interpretable and efficient medical time series processing
Creators: name: Chen, Sully F.
name: Guo, Zhicheng
name: Ding, Cheng
name: Hu, Xiao
name: Rudin, Cynthia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Rapid, reliable, and accurate interpretation of medical time-series signals is crucial for high-stakes clinical decision-making. Deep learning methods offered unprecedented performance in medical signal processing but at a cost: they were compute-intensive and lacked interpretability. We propose Sparse Mixture of Learned Kernels (SMoLK), an interpretable architecture for medical time series processing. SMoLK learns a set of lightweight flexible kernels that form a single-layer sparse neural network, providing not only interpretability, but also efficiency, robustness, and generalization to unseen data distributions. We introduce a parameter reduction techniques to reduce the size of SMoLK's networks while maintaining performance. We test SMoLK on two important tasks common to many consumer wearables: photoplethysmography (PPG) artifact detection and atrial fibrillation detection from single-lead electrocardiograms (ECGs). We find that SMoLK matches the performance of models orders of magnitude larger. It is particularly suited for real-time applications using low-power devices, and its interpretability benefits high-stakes situations.
description: Published as an article in Nature Machine Intelligence (https://doi.org/10.1038/s42256-024-00898-4). 23 pages, 9 figures
Atranorin, an antimicrobial metabolite from lichen Parmotrema rampoddense exhibited in vitro anti-breast cancer activity through interaction with Akt activity
Creators: name: Adhikesavan Harikrishnan
name: V. Veena
name: B. Lakshmi
name: R. Shanmugavalli
name: Theres, Sonia
name: C. N. Prashantha
name: Shah, Tanya
name: K. Oshin
name: Ringu Togam
name: Sisir Nandi
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: Atranorin (ATR), lichenized secondary metabolite and depside molecule with several biological potentials such as antimicrobial, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive, wound healing and photoprotective activities. Cytotoxic reports of ATR are documented in several cancer cells and in vivo models but its molecular interaction studies are poorly understood. Therefore, in this present investigation, we have used the in silico studies with biological validation of the molecular targets for the anti-breast cancer mechanism of ATR. The molecular docking studies with the breast cancer oncoproteins such as Bcl-2, Bax, Akt, Bcl-w and Bcl-xL revealed the highest interaction was observed with the Akt followed by Bax, Bcl-xL and Bcl-2 & least with the Bcl-w proteins. The cytotoxicity studies showed ATR selectively inhibited MDA MB-231 and MCF-7 breast cancer cells in differential and dose-dependent manner with the IC50 concentration of 5.36 ± 0.85 μM and 7.55 ± 1.2 μM respectively. Further mechanistic investigations revealed that ATR significantly inhibited ROS production and significantly down-regulated the anti apoptotic Akt than Bcl-2, Bcl-xL and Bcl-w proteins with a significant increase in the Bax level and caspases-3 activity in the breast cancer cells when comparison with Akt inhibitor, ipatasertib. In vitro biological activities well correlated with the molecular interaction data suggesting that atranorin had higher interaction with Akt than Bax and Bcl-2 but weak interaction with Bcl-w and Bcl-xL. In this present study, the first time we report the interactions of atranorin with molecular targets for anti-breast cancer potential. Hence, ATR represents the nature-inspired molecule for pharmacophore moiety for design in targeted therapy. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma
Regularity of Monge-Ampere type equations arising in optimal transportation
Creators: name: Li, Qirui
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Monge-Amp{u00E8}re equations
subject: Transportation problems (Programming)
subject: Mathematical optimization

description: In this thesis we study the regularity problem in optimal transportation, by establishing the a priori estimates for a class of Monge-Ampere type equations. This thesis consists of four chapters. Chapter 1 is an introduction. In Chapter 2 we study Monge's mass transfer problem. Chapter 3 concerns the regularity of optimal transportation on manifolds. In the last Chapter we deal with the homogeneous Monge-Ampere equations. The regularity is a main issue in optimal transportation, and has received intensive investigations in the last two decades. The regularity was obtained if the cost function satisfies certain conditions. However the cost function, proposed by Monge in 1781, does not satisfy these conditions. Our strategy is to use an approximation, and establish uniform estimates in this approximation. By tedious computation we are able to prove that the eigenvalues of the Jacobian matrix of the approximation map are locally uniformly bounded. On the other hand by constructing an example we also show that the monotone optimal mapping corresponding to Monge's cost is not Lipschitz continuous in general. This implies the Jacobian matrix of the approximation map itself may fail to be uniformly bounded, even though all needed conditions are satisfied. These are the main results in Chapter 2. In Chapter 3 we study the regularity of optimal transportation on manifolds with the quadratic cost function. For this research it is crucial to verify the MTW condition. This problem has been studied by many researchers in recent years but progress has been very slow. The MTW condition has been verified for manifolds such as spheres, quotients or submersions of spheres and smooth perturbations of spheres. In this thesis we consider the case of Riemannian surfaces. We give an explicit condition on Gauss curvature such that the MTW condition is satisfied. Motivated by Monge's problem, in Chapter 4 we study the homogeneous Monge-Ampere equations. We first prove the existence and uniqueness of generalized solutions to the Dirichlet problem in strip regions under sharp conditions. Then we show that, if boundary functions are locally uniformly convex and are in the class which consists of functions having continuous derivatives up to order k+2 and such that the (k+2)-th partial derivatives are Holder continuous with exponent a, then the convex solution is in the same class. By an example we show that the solution is not twice continuously differentiable in the interior if boundary functions are merely strictly convex and the dimension is no less than three. Similar regularity results have also been obtained for the Dirichlet problem in bounded, strictly convex domains.
Sviluppo della metodologia HTA per la valutazione multidimensionale e multidisciplinare sulla corretta applicazione delle linee guida nazionali e regionali per l'appropriato ricorso al parto cesareo nell'AOU Federico II: analisi economica gestionale e confronto con la regione Veneto.
Creators: name: De Pascale, Teresa
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2015

description: La valutazione tramite HTA sulla corretta applicazione delle linee guida nazionali e regionali per l'appropriato ricorso al parto cesareo, nella regione Campania ha permesso di monitorare l'appropriatezza nel ricorso al parto cesareo ed effettuare un'analisi delle implicazioni medico-cliniche, sociali, organizzative, economiche, etiche e legali del taglio cesareo relativamente ai Dipartimenti Ostetrico Ginecologici dell'AOU Federico II. Dal 2012 ad oggi sono stati effettuati una serie di controlli da parte del gruppo di valutazione aziendale sia in maniera autonoma che in affiancamento e collaborazione attiva con la commissione dell'ASL NA2 Nord per l'ottemperanza al Decreto n.6/2011 della regione Campania. Tali controlli hanno alla base la ricerca delle cause dell'eccessivo incremento del taglio cesareo (TC) e se questo risponda a reali necessità cliniche o sia legato a fattori extra sanitari. Nell'ambito del DAI di Ginecologia ed Ostetricia dell'AOU Federico II, la spiccata volontà di miglioramento e la fattiva collaborazione dimostrata dal personale sanitario, hanno permesso di individuare sia le difficoltà organizzative tecniche e gestionali presenti che la serie di azioni da realizzare per ridurre in maniera significativa il numero dei tagli cesarei di elezione.
In tale ottica l'HTA si è presentato come una modalità di ricerca multidisciplinare di valido aiuto ai manager e ai professionisti sanitari per l'inquadramento della problematica sotto i suoi molteplici aspetti, permettendo una valutazione oggettiva del fenomeno e una presa di coscienza dei danni che questo comporta.
Iso-entangled bases and joint measurements
Creators: name: Del Santo, Flavio
name: Czartowski, Jakub
name: Życzkowski, Karol
name: Gisin, Nicolas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: While entanglement between distant parties has been extensively studied, entangled measurements have received relatively little attention despite their significance in understanding non-locality and their central role in quantum computation and networks. We present a systematic study of entangled measurements, providing a complete classification of all equivalence classes of iso-entangled bases for projective joint measurements on 2 qubits. The application of this classification to the triangular network reveals that the Elegant Joint Measurement, along with white noise, is the only measurement resulting in output permutation invariant probability distributions when the nodes are connected by Werner states. The paper concludes with a discussion of partial results in higher dimensions.
description: 5 pages + appendices
Universal and phase covariant superbroadcasting for mixed qubit states
Creators: name: Buscemi, Francesco
name: D'Ariano, Giacomo Mauro
name: Macchiavello, Chiara
name: Perinotti, Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe a general framework to study covariant symmetric broadcasting maps for mixed qubit states. We explicitly derive the optimal N to M superbroadcasting maps, achieving optimal purification of the single-site output copy, in both the universal and the phase covariant cases. We also study the bipartite entanglement properties of the superbroadcast states.
description: 19 pages, 8 figures, strictly related to quant-ph/0506251 and quant-ph/0510155
Synthesis and characterization of copper–based anticancer compound; in vitro interaction studies with DNA/HSA, SOD mimetic, cytotoxic activity and molecular docking investigation
Creators: name: Waddhaah M. Al–Asbahy
name: Shamsi, Manal
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer

description: A new copper(II) complex derived from the ligand ethylene [O,O′–bis{5–{(1E)–(2 hydroxyphenyl)methylene]amino} − 2–hydroxybenzoic acid] was designed, synthesized and characterized by spectroscopic (IR, UV–Vis, ESI–MS, X–ray diffraction, EPR and elemental analytical methods. In vitro interaction studies were carried out with CT DNA, HSA and SOD targets by employing various biophysical methods viz., UV–Vis, fluorescence, FTIR (in case of HSA only), circular dichroism and gel electrophoresis. Notably, the copper(II) complex exhibited a high propensity for DNA binding via electrostatic mode; The results of fluorescence titration revealed that the copper(II) complex strongly quench the intrinsic fluorescence of HSA through a static quenching procedure. Copper(II) complex cleaves pBR322 DNA via hydrolytic mechanism and strongly binds to the DNA minor groove. Furthermore, Copper(II) complex cleaves pBR322 DNA via hydrolytic pathway. Our results showed that copper(II) complex is capable of inhibiting the growth of MCF7, A2780 and K562 tumor cell lines revealed remarkable cytotoxicity of Cu(II) complex with GI50 values <10 μg mL−1 for most of the cell lines tested, which accompanied by systemic toxicity as was evident from the slightly significant histopathologic alterations in liver of mice. In addition, Cu(II) complex exhibit excellent superoxide dismutase (SOD) mimetic activity with an IC50 of 0.109 μM. Molecular docking studies of the Cu(II) complex were carried out with DNA, HSA and SOD targets to ascertain the specific binding mode thereby substantiated the spectroscopic results. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma
A possibility of Klein Paradox in quaternionic (3+1) frame
Creators: name: Pathak, Geetanjali
name: Chanyal, B. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 11R52, 81Q05, 20Gxx

description: In light of the significance of non-commutative quaternionic algebra in modern physics, the current study proposes the existence of the Klein paradox in the quaternionic (3+1)-dimensional space-time structure. By introducing the quaternionic wave function, we rewrite the Klein-Gordon equation in an extended quaternionic form that includes scalar and vector fields. Because quaternionic fields are non-commutative, the quaternionic Klein-Gordon equation provides three separate sets of the probability density and probability current density of relativistic particles. We explore the significance of these probability densities by determining the reflection and transmission coefficients for the quaternionic relativistic step potential. Furthermore, we also discuss the quaternionic version of the oscillatory, tunnelling, and Klein zones for the quaternionic step potential. The Klein paradox occurs only in the Klein zone when the impacted particle's kinetic energy is less than \mathbb{V}_{0}-m_{0}c^{2}. Therefore, it is emphasized that for the quaternionic Klein paradox, the quaternionic reflection coefficient becomes exclusively higher than value one while the quaternionic transmission coefficient becomes lower than zero.
description: 16 pages, 1 figure
Methodologies for automated synthesis of memory and interconnect subsystems in parallel architectures
Creators: name: Gallo, Luca
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2015

description: As frequency scaling for single-core computers has today reached practical limits, the only effective source for improving computing performance is parallelism. Consequently, automated design approaches leveraging on parallel programming paradigms, such as OpenMP, appear a viable strategy for designing on-chip systems. At the same time, emerging architectures, such as reconfigurable hardware platforms, can provide unparalleled performance and scalability; in fact they allow to customize memory and communication subsystems based on the application needs. However, current high level synthesis tools often lack enough intelligence to capture those opportunities consequently leaving room for research.

As a first contribution of this thesis, a novel technique based on integer lattices is proposed for tailoring the memory architecture to the application accesses pattern. Data are automatically partitioned across the available memory banks reducing conflicts so as to improve performance. Compared to existing techniques, the rigorous spatial regularity of lattices yields more compact circuits. As a second aspect, in order to sustain the execution parallelism stemming from the presence of multiple memory banks, an efficient interconnection subsystem must be designed. To this aim, the thesis proposes a methodology capable of targeting the interconnect to the traffic profile imposed by the distributed memory. In conclusion, all the proposed techniques are merged together in a comprehensive OpenMP-based design flow, resulting in an automated framework that well fits in the electronic design automation panorama.
Lattice Boltzmann solver for multi-phase flows: Application to high Weber and Reynolds numbers
Creators: name: Hosseini, S. A.
name: Safari, H.
name: Thévenin, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The lattice Boltzmann method, now widely used for a variety of applications, has also been extended to model multi-phase flows through different formulations. While already applied to many different configurations in the low Weber and Reynolds number regimes, applications to higher Weber/Reynolds numbers or larger density/viscosity ratios are still the topic of active research. In this study, through a combination of the decoupled phase-field formulation -- conservative Allen-Cahn equation -- and a cumulants-based collision operator for a low-Mach pressure-based flow solver, we present an algorithm that can be used for higher Reynolds/Weber numbers. The algorithm is validated through a variety of test-cases, starting with the Rayleigh-Taylor instability both in 2-D and 3-D, followed by the impact of a droplet on a liquid sheet. In all simulations, the solver is shown to correctly capture the dynamics of the flow and match reference results very well. As the final test-case, the solver is used to model droplet splashing on a thin liquid sheet in 3-D with a density ratio of 1000 and kinematic viscosity ratio of 15 -- matching the water/air system -- at We=8000 and Re=1000. The results show that the solver correctly captures the fingering instabilities at the crown rim and their subsequent breakup, in agreement with experimental and numerical observations reported in the literature.
Rotationally invariant multipartite states
Creators: name: Chruscinski, Dariusz
name: Kossakowski, Andrzej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct a class of multipartite states possessing rotational SO(3) symmetry -- these are states of K spin-j_A particles and K spin-j_B particles. The construction of symmetric states follows our two recent papers devoted to unitary and orthogonal multipartite symmetry. We study basic properties of multipartite SO(3) symmetric states: separability criteria and multi-PPT conditions.
description: 18 pages; new references