cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Improved Calibration and Data Processing Procedures of OPUS Optical Sensor for High-Resolution in situ Monitoring of Nitrate in Seawater.
Creators: name: Nehir, Münevver
name: Esposito, Mario
name: Begler, Christian
name: Frank, Carsten
name: Zielinski, Oliver
name: Achterberg, Eric P.
Publisher: name: UNESCO/IOC
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Nitrate
subject: Optial sensor
subject: In situ spectrophotometer
subject: Ultraviolet spectrophotometer
subject: Autonomous monitoring
subject: Nutrients
subject: nutrient analysers
subject: Data acquisition
subject: Data processing

description: Nitrate, an essential nutrient for primary production in natural waters, is optically detectable in the ultraviolet spectral region of 217–240 nm, with no chemical reagents required. Optical nitrate sensors allow monitoring at high temporal and spatial resolutions that are difficult to achieve with traditional approaches involving collection of discrete water samples followed by wet-chemical laboratory analysis. The optical nitrate measurements are however subject to matrix interferences in seawater, including bromide, at the spectral range of interest. Significant progress has been made over the last 10 years in improving data quality for seawater nitrate analysis using the ISUS and SUNA (Seabird Scientific, United States) optical sensors. Standardization of sensor calibration and data processing procedures are important for ensuring comparability of marine nitrate data reported in different studies. Here, we improved the calibration and data processing of the OPUS sensor (TriOS GmbH, Germany), and tested five OPUS sensors simultaneously deployed under identical conditions in the laboratory in terms of inter-sensor similarities and differences. We also improved the sampling interval of the OPUS to 3 s in a continuous mode by a custom-built controller, which facilitates the integration of the sensor into autonomous profiling systems. Real-time, high-resolution, in situ measurements were conducted through (1) underway surface measurements in the southeastern North Sea and (2) depth profiles on a conductivity– temperature–depth frame in the tropical Atlantic Ocean. The nitrate data computed from the optical measurements of the sensor agreed with data from discrete water samples analyzed via conventional wet-chemical methods. This work demonstrates that the OPUS sensor, with improved calibration and data processing procedures, allows in situ quantification of nitrate concentrations in dynamic coastal waters and the open ocean, with an accuracy better than 2 mM and short-term precision of 0.4 mM NO3-. The OPUS has a unique depth rating of 6,000 m and is a good and cost-effective nitrate sensor for the research community.
Coulomb Interaction and the Fermi Liquid State: Solution by Bosonization
Creators: name: Houghton, A.
name: Kwon, H. -J.
name: Marston, J. B.
name: Shankar, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the effects of the Coulomb two-body interaction on Fermi liquids via bosonization. The Coulomb interaction is singular in the limit of low momentum transfer, and recent interest in the possibility that some singular interactions might destroy the Fermi liquid state motivate us to reexamine it. We calculate the exact boson correlation function to show that the Fermi liquid state is retained in the case of Coulomb interactions. Spin and charge degrees of freedom propagate together at the same velocity and collective charge excitations (plasmons) exhibit the expected energy gap in three dimensions. Non-Fermi liquid behavior occurs, however, for a super long range interaction studied recently by Bares and Wen.
description: 6 pages; RevTex 3.0; BUP-JBM-4
RETURN To an humble Address presented to His Honour the Lieutenant-Governor, praying that he will cause to be transmitted to this House a copy of the Order in Council of April 17th, 1907, embodying a Resolution of this House of the 16th April, 1907, in respect to freight and passenger rates charged on railways in British Columbia.
Creators: name: British Columbia. Legislative Assembly
Publisher: name: Victoria, BC : Government Printer
Year: 2014

Abstract
Tangos: the agile numerical galaxy organization system
Creators: name: Pontzen, Andrew
name: Tremmel, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present Tangos, a Python framework and web interface for database-driven analysis of numerical structure formation simulations. To understand the role that such a tool can play, consider constructing a history for the absolute magnitude of each galaxy within a simulation. The magnitudes must first be calculated for all halos at all timesteps and then linked using a merger tree; folding the required information into a final analysis can entail significant effort. Tangos is a generic solution to this information organization problem, aiming to free users from the details of data management. At the querying stage, our example of gathering properties over history is reduced to a few clicks or a simple, single-line Python command. The framework is highly extensible; in particular, users are expected to define their own properties which tangos will write into the database. A variety of parallelization options are available and the raw simulation data can be read using existing libraries such as pynbody or yt. Finally, tangos-based databases and analysis pipelines can easily be shared with collaborators or the broader community to ensure reproducibility. User documentation is provided separately.
description: Clarified various points and further improved code performance; accepted for publication in ApJS. Tutorials (including video) at http://tiny.cc/tangos
Computational Homogenization of Polycrystals
Creators: name: Segurado, J.
name: Lebensohn, R. A.
name: LLorca, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper reviews the current state-of-the-art in the simulation of the mechanical behavior of polycrystalline materials by means of computational homogenization. The key ingredients of this modelling strategy are presented in detail starting with the parameters needed to describe polycrystalline microstructures and the digital representation of such microstructures in a suitable format to perform computational homogenization. The different crystal plasticity frameworks that can describe the physical mechanisms of deformation in single crystals (dislocation slip and twinning) at the microscopic level are presented next. This is followed by the description of computational homogenization methods based on mean-field approximations by means of the viscoplastic self-consistent approach, or on the full-field simulation of the mechanical response of a representative polycrystalline volume element by means of the finite element method or the fast Fourier transform-based method. Multiscale frameworks based on the combination of mean-field homogenization and the finite element method are presented next to model the plastic deformation of polycrystalline specimens of arbitrary geometry under complex mechanical loading. Examples of application to predict the strength, fatigue life, damage, and texture evolution under different conditions are presented to illustrate the capabilities of the different models. Finally, current challenges and future research directions in this field are summarized.
Fitting the Quark and Lepton Masses in String Theories
Creators: name: Casas, J. A.
name: Gómez, F.
name: Muñoz, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1992
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The capability of string theories to reproduce at low energy the observed pattern of quark and lepton masses and mixing angles is examined, focusing the attention on orbifold constructions, where the magnitude of Yukawa couplings depends on the values of the deformation parameters which describe the size and shape of the compactified space. A systematic exploration shows that for $Z_3$, $Z_4$, $Z_6$--I and possibly $Z_7$ orbifolds a correct fit of the physical fermion masses is feasible. In this way the experimental masses, which are low--energy quantities, select a particular size and shape of the compactified space, which turns out to be very reasonable (in particular the modulus $T$ defining the former is $T=O(1)$). The rest of the $Z_N$ orbifolds are rather hopeless and should be discarded on the assumption of a minimal $SU(3)\times SU(2)\times U(1)_Y$ scenario. On the other hand, due to stringy selection rules, there is no possibility of fitting the Kobayashi--Maskawa parameters at the renormalizable level, although it is remarked that this job might well be done by non--renormalizable couplings.
description: 19 pages
Random Graphs and Algorithms
Creators: name: Johansson, Tony
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This thesis is concerned with the study of random graphs and random algorithms. There are three overarching themes. One theme is sparse random graphs, i.e. random graphs in which the average degree is bounded with high probability. A second theme is that of finding spanning subsets such as spanning trees, perfect matchings and Hamilton cycles. A third theme is solving optimization problems on graphs with random edge costs.
The clinical impact of contact lens wear on neural structure and function of the cornea
Creators: name: Chiang, Jeremy Chung Bo
name: Tajbakhsh, Zahra
name: Wolffsohn, James S
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Contact lens (CL) use is growing rapidly, with a current estimate of over 100 million wearers worldwide. Vast improvements in materials and designs have occurred over the past decades with advancements in the understanding of ocular surface health with CL wear. However, the potential impact of CL on neural structures and function of the ocular surface, particularly in relation to the richly innervated cornea, remain poorly understood. Problems with sensation such as CL discomfort and conditions that may be associated with lens wear including dry eye disease also remain pervasive. This narrative review discusses the findings from studies involving soft or rigid CL wearers, assessed with c linical techniques designed for examining the neural integrity of the cornea, namely in vivo confocal microscopy and esthesiometry. While the collective findings remain equivocal in terms of the changes in corneal nerve morphology and function with conventional CL wear, more specialised CLs, namely orthokeratology lenses, which mechanically manipulates the structure of the cornea seem to produce more prominent changes in nerve distribution and sensitivity reduction. Given the intricate relationship between neural and immune mechanisms in maintaining balanced ocular surface health, the potential links between these structural and functional findings with parainflammation and neuroinflammation, as well as clinical issues including CL discomfort and dry eye disease, are also explored.
PRISMA-P-checklist.docx
Creators: name: Caulfield, Alexandra
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 420301
subject: Aged health care

description: PRISMA-P checklist for paper: In what context and by which mechanisms can creative arts interventions improve wellbeing in older people? A realist review protocol Alexandra Caulfield, Anne Ferrey, Nia Roberts, Jeremy Leslie-Spinks, Helle Mölsted Alvesson, Geoff Wong, Trish Greenhalgh
Discovery and state transitions of the new Galactic black hole candidate MAXI J1535-571
Creators: name: Nakahira, Satoshi
name: Shidatsu, Megumi
name: Makishima, Kazuo
name: Ueda, Yoshihiro
name: Yamaoka, Kazutaka
name: Mihara, Tatehiro
name: Negoro, Hitoshi
name: Kawase, Tomofumi
name: Kawai, Nobuyuki
name: Morita, Kotaro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the detection and subsequent X-ray monitoring of the new Galactic black hole candidate MAXI J1535-571 with the MAXI/GSC. Afterthe discovery on 2017 September 2 made independently with MAXI and the Swift/BAT, the source brightened gradually, and in a few weeks, reached the peak intensity of ~5 Crab, or ~1.6 x 10^{-7} erg cm^{-2} s^{-1} in terms of the 2--20 keV flux. On the initial outburst rise, the X-ray spectrum was described by a power-law model with a photon index of ~2, while after a hard-to-soft transition which occurred on September 18, the spectrum required a disk blackbody component in addition. At around the flux peak, the 2-8 keV and 15-50 keV light curves showed quasi-periodic and anti-correlated fluctuations with an amplitude of 10--20%, on a time scale of ~1-day. Based on these X-ray properties obtained with the MAXI/GSC, we discuss the evolution of the spectral state of this source, and give constraints on its system parameters.
description: Submitted to Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan on Apri 3 2018, Accepted by PASJ on July 21 2018
Block4Forensic: An Integrated Lightweight Blockchain Framework for Forensics Applications of Connected Vehicles
Creators: name: Cebe, Mumin
name: Erdin, Enes
name: Akkaya, Kemal
name: Aksu, Hidayet
name: Uluagac, Selcuk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Today's vehicles are becoming cyber-physical systems that do not only communicate with other vehicles but also gather various information from hundreds of sensors within them. These developments help create smart and connected (e.g., self-driving) vehicles that will introduce significant information to drivers, manufacturers, insurance companies and maintenance service providers for various applications. One such application that is becoming crucial with the introduction of self-driving cars is the forensic analysis for traffic accidents. The utilization of vehicle-related data can be instrumental in post-accident scenarios to find out the faulty party, particularly for self-driving vehicles. With the opportunity of being able to access various information on the cars, we propose a permissioned blockchain framework among the various elements involved to manage the collected vehicle-related data. Specifically, we first integrate Vehicular Public Key Management (VPKI) to the proposed blockchain to provide membership establishment and privacy. Next, we design a fragmented ledger that will store detailed data related to vehicle such as maintenance information/history, car diagnosis reports, etc. The proposed forensic framework enables trustless, traceable and privacy-aware post-accident analysis with minimal storage and processing overhead.
Seismicity at the Castor gas reservoir driven by  pore pressure diffusion and asperities loading
Creators: name: Cesca, Simone
name: Stich, Daniel Roman
name: Grigoli, Francesco
name: Vuan, Alessandro
name: Lopez Comino, Jose Angel
name: Niemz, Peter
name: Blanch, Estefania
name: Dahm, Thorsten
name: Ellswoth, Wiliam
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description:  The 2013 seismic sequence at the Castor injection platform offshore Spain, including three earthquakes of magnitude 4.1, occurred during the initial filling of a planned Underground Gas Storage facility. The Castor sequence is one of the most important cases of induced seismicity in Europe and a rare example of seismicity induced by gas injection into a depleted oil field. Here we use advanced seismological techniques applied to an enhanced waveform dataset, to resolve the geometry of the faults, develop a greatly enlarged seismicity catalog and record details of the rupture kinematics. The sequence occurred by progressive fault failure and unlocking, with seismicity initially migrating away from the injection points, triggered by pore pressure diffusion, and then back again, breaking larger asperities loaded to higher stress and producing the largest earthquakes. Seismicity occurred almost exclusively on a secondary fault, located below the reservoir, dipping opposite from the reservoir bounding fault.
Surveying structural complexity in quantum many-body systems
Creators: name: Suen, Whei Yeap
name: Elliott, Thomas J.
name: Thompson, Jayne
name: Garner, Andrew J. P.
name: Mahoney, John R.
name: Vedral, Vlatko
name: Gu, Mile
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Quantum many-body systems exhibit a rich and diverse range of exotic behaviours, owing to their underlying non-classical structure. These systems present a deep structure beyond those that can be captured by measures of correlation and entanglement alone. Using tools from complexity science, we characterise such structure. We investigate the structural complexities that can be found within the patterns that manifest from the observational data of these systems. In particular, using two prototypical quantum many-body systems as test cases - the one-dimensional quantum Ising and Bose-Hubbard models - we explore how different information-theoretic measures of complexity are able to identify different features of such patterns. This work furthers the understanding of fully-quantum notions of structure and complexity in quantum systems and dynamics.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures
Covariant Galilean versus Carrollian hydrodynamics from relativistic fluids
Creators: name: Ciambelli, Luca
name: Marteau, Charles
name: Petkou, Anastasios C.
name: Petropoulos, P. Marios
name: Siampos, Konstantinos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide the set of equations for non-relativistic fluid dynamics on arbitrary, possibly time-dependent spaces, in general coordinates. These equations are fully covariant under either local Galilean or local Carrollian transformations, and are obtained from standard relativistic hydrodynamics in the limit of infinite or vanishing velocity of light. All dissipative phenomena such as friction and heat conduction are included in our description. Part of our work consists in designing the appropriate coordinate frames for relativistic spacetimes, invariant under Galilean or Carrollian diffeomorphisms. The guide for the former is the dynamics of relativistic point particles, and leads to the Zermelo frame. For the latter, the relevant objects are relativistic instantonic space-filling branes in Randers-Papapetrou backgrounds. We apply our results for obtaining the general first-derivative-order Galilean fluid equations, in particular for incompressible fluids (Navier-Stokes equations) and further illustrate our findings with two applications: Galilean fluids in rotating frames or inflating surfaces and Carrollian conformal fluids on two-dimensional time-dependent geometries. The first is useful in atmospheric physics, while the dynamics emerging in the second is governed by the Robinson-Trautman equation, describing a Calabi flow on the surface, and known to appear when solving Einstein's equations for algebraically special Ricci-flat or Einstein spacetimes.
description: v1: 1+51 pages, Latex, v2: few minor changes, references added, v3: CQG version
A characterization of nef and good divisors by asymptotic multiplier ideals
Creators: name: Russo, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A characterization of nef and good divisors is given: a divisor D on a smooth complex projective variety is nef and good if and only if the asymptotic multiplier ideals of sufficiently high multiples of e(D) D$ are trivial, where e(D) denotes the exponent of the divisor D. Some results of the same kind are proved in the analytic setting.
description: 8 pages; accepted for publication in the Proceedings of the Ghent Conference "Linear Systems and Subschemes" to be published in the Bulletin Belgian Math. Soc.--Simon Stevin
Closed String Field Theory: Quantum Action and the BV Master Equation
Creators: name: Zwiebach, Barton
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1992
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The complete quantum theory of covariant closed strings is constructed in detail. The action is defined by elementary vertices satisfying recursion relations that give rise to Jacobi-like identities for an infinite chain of string field products. The genus zero string field algebra is the homotopy Lie algebra $L_\infty$, and the higher genus algebraic structure implies the Batalin-Vilkovisky (BV) master equation. From these structures on the off-shell state space, we show how to derive the $L_\infty$ algebra, and the BV equation on physical states, recently constructed in d=2 string theory. The string diagrams are surfaces with minimal area metrics, foliated by closed geodesics of length $2π$. These metrics generalize quadratic differentials in that foliation bands can cross. The string vertices are succinctly characterized; they include the surfaces whose foliation bands are all of height smaller than $2π$. --While this is not a review paper, an effort was made to give a fairly complete and accessible account of the quantum closed string field theory.--
description: 115 pages, 5 figures (not included). IASSNS-HEP-92/41
Quantum phases and transitions of excitons, metastable excitonic supersolid and its internal photon detection in electron-hole bilayer systems
Creators: name: Ye, Jinwu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct a quantum Ginsburg-Landau theory to study the quantum phases and transitions in electron hole bilayer system. We propose that in the dilute limit as distance is increased, there is a first order transition from the excitonic superfluid (ESF) to the excitonic supersolid (ESS) driven by the collapsing of a roton minimum, then a 2nd order transition from the ESS to excitonic normal solid. We show the latter transition is in the same universality class of superfluid to Mott transition in a rigid lattice. We then study novel elementary low energy excitations inside the ESS. We find that there are two "supersolidon" longitudinal modes (one upper branch and one lower branch) inside the ESS, while the transverse mode in the ESS stays the same as that inside a ENS. We also work out various experimental signatures of these novel elementary excitations by evaluating the Debye-Waller factor, density-density correlation, specific heat and vortex -vertex interactions. For the meta-stable supersolid generated by photon pumping, we show that the angle resolved spectrum is dominated by the macroscopic super-radiance from its superfluid component, even it is just a very small percentage of the the whole system. This fact can be used to detect the metastable ESS state generated by photon pumping by a power spectrum experiment easily and without any ambiguity.
description: 9+ pages, 4 figures, REVTEX4
Topological properties of magnetically ordered heavy-fermion systems in the presence of mirror symmetry
Creators: name: Kimura, Kazuhiro
name: Yoshida, Tsuneya
name: Kawakami, Norio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore topological states with magnetic order in heavy-fermion systems by taking account of a mirror symmetry.Although without spatial symmetry, there is no topological phase in the two-dimensional (2D) antiferromagnetic phases at half filling, we demonstrate that a topological phase emerges in the presence of mirror symmetry.This is explicitly shown for a two-dimensional periodic Anderson model.Furthermore, our analysis around quarter filling shows that a half-metallic state emerges in the ferromagnetic phase, where a spin-selective gap opens, resulting in nontrivial properties characterized by a Chern number.In contrast to the previously proposed models, our scenario can apply even for spin nonconserving systems in the presence of spin-orbit coupling.
description: 10 pages, 11 figures
Management of traditional rural biotopes in Finland (PA) - Perinnebiotooppien hoito Suomessa
Creators: name: Den Herder
name: M. & Rois
name: M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: grazing
biodiversity
wooded pastures
laiduntaminen
biologinen monimuotoisuus
puiset laidunmaat
metsälaidun

description: Maalaismaisemaan kuuluvat perinnebiotoopit ovat lajistoltaan Pohjois-Euroopan rikkaimpia. Niihin kuuluvat metsälaitumet, lehdesniityt, vanhat kaskiviljelmät, tuoreet niityt ja kedot, rantaniityt, tulvaniityt, suoniityt ja nummet. Perinnebiotooppien hoidon suunnitellussa on tärkeää huomioida kohteen biologiset ja kulttuurihistorialliset arvot, koska perinnebiotooppityypit eroavat toistaan, ei niiden hoidossakaan voida soveltaa yhtä ja samaa menetelmää.Kun laiduntaminen on keskitasolla, sillä on yleensä positiivinen vaikutus luonnon monimuotoisuuteen. Myös laidunelämien valinnalla on vaikutuksensa monimuotoisuuteen, koska eri eläimet syövät eri kasvilajeja. Samasta syystä myös laiduntamisella ja niittämisellä on erilaiset vaikutukset monimuotoisuuteen Biologisten ja kulttuuriarvojensa lisäksi, perinnebiotoopit tarjoavat lisäansiomahdollisuuksia, kuten ekoturismi, hyvinvointipalvelut, luonnonmarjojen ja sienien kasvatus, hunajantuotanto, bioenergiatuotanto tai laidunnetun lihan suoramyynti.Jos metsämaata ei ole pitkään aikaan laidunnettu,voi olla tarpeen raivata tiheikköjä ennen laiduneläinten tuomista. Raivattu puuaines voidaan myydä esimerkiksi polttopuuksi tai hakkeeksi.Aktiiviviljelijät voivat hakea korvausta perinnebiotooppien hoitoon, mukaan lukien raivaaminen ja aitaaminen. Korvaus on 450-600 euroa vuodessa viiden vuoden ajalla. - The 'Practice Abstract' explains how an intermediate grazing pressure contributes to the preservation of traditional rural biotopes.
Quenched Stresses And Linear Elastic Response Of Random Packings Of Frictionless Particles Near Jamming
Creators: name: Karimi, Kamran
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: 90799 Environmental Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Environmental engineering
subject: 90599 Civil Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Civil engineering

description: We study stress correlations and elastic response in large-scale computer simulations of particle packings near jamming. We show that there are characteristic lengths in both the stresses and elastic response that diverge in similar ways as the confining pressure approaches zero from above. For the case of the stress field, we show that the power spectrum of the hydrostatic pressure and shear stress agrees with a field-theoretic framework proposed by Henkes and Chakraborty [15] at short to intermediate wavelengths (where the power is flat in Fourier space), but contains significant excess power at wavelengths larger than about 50 to 100 particle diameters, with the specific crossover point going to larger wavelength at decreasing pressure, consistent with a divergence at p=0.These stress correlations were missed in previous studies by other groups due to limited system size. For the case of the elastic response, we probe the system in three ways: i) point forcing, ii) constrained homogeneous deformation where the system is driven with no-slip boundary conditions, and iii) free periodic homogeneous deformation. For the point force, we see distinct characteristic lengths for longitudinal and transverse modes each of which diverges in a different way with decreasing pressure with ET⇠p-1/4 and EL⇠p -0.4 respectively. For the constrained homogeneous deformation we see a scaling of the local shear modulus with the size of the probing region consistent with E⇠p-1/2 similar to the EL⇠p-0.4 observed in the longitudinal component of the point response and in perfect agreement with the rigidity length discussed in recently proposed scenarios for jamming. Finally, we show that the transverse and longitudinal contributions to the strain field in response to unconstrained deformation (either volumetric or shear) have markedly different behavior. The transverse contribution is surprisingly invariant with respect to p with localized shear transformations dominating the response down to surprisingly small pressures. The longitudinal contribution develops a feature at small wavelength that intensifies with decreasing p but does not show any appreciable change in length. We interpret this pressure-invariant length as the characteristic shear zone size.
Testing dark decays of baryons in neutron stars
Creators: name: Baym, Gordon
name: Beck, D. H.
name: Geltenbort, Peter
name: Shelton, Jessie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate that the observation of neutron stars with masses greater than one solar mass places severe demands on any exotic neutron decay mode that could explain the discrepancy between beam and bottle measurements of the neutron lifetime. If the neutron can decay to a stable, feebly-interacting dark fermion, the maximum possible mass of a neutron star is 0.7 solar masses, while all well-measured neutron star masses exceed one solar mass. The survival of $2 M_\odot$ neutron stars therefore indicates that any explanation beyond the Standard Model for the neutron lifetime puzzle requires dark matter to be part of a multi-particle dark sector with highly constrained interactions.
description: 4 pages, 7 figures. v2: relativistic corrections added, results shown for wider range of dark fermion masses, conclusions unchanged
Localization of the Standard Model via Higgs mechanism and a finite electroweak monopole from non-compact five dimensions
Creators: name: Arai, Masato
name: Blaschke, Filip
name: Eto, Minoru
name: Sakai, Norisuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a minimal and self-contained model in non-compact flat five dimensions which localizes the Standard Model (SM) on a domain wall. Localization of gauge fields is achieved by the condensation of Higgs field via a Higgs dependent gauge kinetic term in five-dimensional Lagrangian. The domain wall connecting vacua with unbroken gauge symmetry drives the Higgs condensation which provides both electroweak symmetry breaking and gauge field localization at the same time. Our model predicts higher-dimensional interactions $|H|^{2n}(F_{μν})^2$ in the low-energy effective theory. This leads to two expectations: The one is a new tree-level contribution to $H \to γγ$ ($H \to gg$) decay whose signature is testable in future LHC experiment. The other is a finite electroweak monopole which may be accessible to the MoEDAL experiment. Interactions of translational Nambu-Goldstone boson is shown to satisfy a low-energy theorem.
description: 32 pages, 2 figure, v2: references added, typos corrected. v3: Almost final version to be published by PTEP. Evaluation of lower bound of KK quark masses is added. Appendix C is added
Video animations in PhD thesis: Investigation of finite volume methods for free surface flows with focus on the numerical description of the air-water interface
Creators: name: Qwist, Jesper Roland Kjærgaard
Publisher: name: Technical University of Denmark
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 401503
subject: Ocean engineering

description: The data consists of a series of annimations from the PhD thesis "Investigation of finite volume methods for free surface flows with focus on the numerical description of the air-water interface" by Jesper Roland Kjærgaard Qwist. ISBN: 978-87-7475-701-6. 
Each video is identified by its link to youtube. This link is given as reference in the list below.
The links are also used in the thesis text, where the videos are included. 

Movie 1
Filename:     2D standing wave tetrahedral mesh
Reference:   https://youtu.be/Rerk-sfoaMM
Description:
Illustration of a 2D simulation of a standing wave on a mesh with triangular cells.

Movie 2
Filename:     Solitary shoaling wav, dsdrkFoam, case4 
Reference:   https://youtu.be/CnC55arOKpo
Description:
2D simulation of a solitary wave, which propagates up a slope to reach the breaking point with the dsdrkFoam solver.

Movie 3
Filename:     Solitary shoaling wave, dsdFoam, case4 
Reference:   https://youtu.be/-8J3LW2aN1M
Description:
2D simulation of a solitary wave, which propagates up a slope to reach the breaking point with the dsdFoam solver.

Movie 4
Filename:     SBW mov 004
Reference:   https://youtu.be/hpZzoGfFONo
Description:
2D simulation of a breaking wave created with a single piston stroke using the dsdrkFoam solver.

Movie 5
Filename:     3D focusedWave 0003dsc F 0 62 RK2 1100x64
Reference:   https://youtu.be/nm4wHAjrwdU
Description:
3D simulation of a phase focused breaking wave, which impacts a vertical cylinder. The dsdrkFoam solver has been used for the simulation.
Zero resonances for localised potentials
Creators: name: Georgiev, Vladimir
name: Wirth, Jens
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper considers Hamiltonians with localised potentials and gives a variational characterisation of resonant coupling parameters, which allow to provide estimates for the first resonant parameter and in turn also to provide bounds for resonant free regions. As application we provide a constructive approach to calculate the first resonant parameter for Yukawa type potentials in $\mathbb R^3$.
description: 16 pages
The Shocking Power Sources of LINERs
Creators: name: Molina, M.
name: Eracleous, M.
name: Barth, A. J.
name: Maoz, D.
name: Runnoe, J. C.
name: Ho, L. C.
name: Shields, J. C.
name: Walsh, J. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The majority of low-ionization nuclear emission-line regions (LINERs) harbor supermassive black holes with very low accretion rates. However, the accretion flows do not produce enough ionizing photons to power the emission lines emitted on scales of ~100 pc, and therefore additional sources of power are required. We present and analyze Hubble Space Telescope spectra of three nearby luminous LINERs that are spatially resolved on scales of < 9 pc. The targets have multiple indicators of an accreting black hole, as well as a deficient ionizing photon budget. We measure diagnostic emission line ratios as a function of distance from the nucleus and compare them to models for different excitation mechanisms: shocks, photoionization by the accreting black hole, and photoionization by young or old hot stars. We also consider the kinematics of the line-emitting gas, as revealed by the widths and shifts of the emission lines. We conclude that, in LINERs with low-luminosity active nuclei, shocks by jets or other outflows are crucial in exciting the gas in and around the nucleus, as suggested by other authors. The physical model that best describes our targets comprises a low-luminosity, accretion-powered active nucleus that photoionizes the gas within ~20 pc of the galaxy center, and shock excitation of the gas at larger distances.
description: Accepted to ApJ on 23 July 2018
Cascade impaction data and the devil in the detail
Creators: name: Paul, Graham
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2019

description: Formal guidelines for the testing of chemicals in rodents have been in place since the early 1980s. These stipulate a requirement to characterise aerosols for the particle size distribution, specifically the mass median aerodynamic diameter (MMAD) and geometric standard deviation (GSD). These parameters are commonly determined by linear regression analysis of the cumulative mass of test article collected by cascade impaction plotted against the log-transformed cut-point, assuming linearity of the data.

Samples (n=45) of dry powder and aqueous nebulised formulations of drugs collected using a Marple 296 cascade impactor illustrated that log‑transformed data are often non-linear (device-specific calibrated cut points used for calculation). Whilst interpolation of two data points provides a pragmatic means of estimating the MMAD, this does not adequately describe the variability of the dataset and hence the particle size distribution. Mathematical methods of modelling a curved line to fit the non-linear data provide a means for determining MMAD. Although the Smoothed Spline method provided a means of determining the MMAD for study-specific samples, such mathematical methods are more complex and thus present challenges for the routine processing of data in preclinical studies.

In silico lung models can be used to predict lung deposition in various species. The drug deposition in rats was estimated using the MPPD model with reference to measured rat lung function (breath frequency and minute volume) and cascade impaction data (MMAD = 1.8µm; GSD = 2.0). The MPPD model predicted total lung deposition of 2.5% of the aerosol in rats, which was lower than the value published by Snipes in 1989 (7% for 2µm particles) and the proportion of the estimated inhaled dose of a drug measured in lung tissue by HPLC‑MS/MS (11-13%). The results indicate refinement of in silico models and a good understanding of lung deposition through high resolution image analysis techniques are key to a holistic approach for understanding particle size distribution and implications for pulmonary exposure.
Nematic superconductivity in the topological semimetal CaSn$_{3}$
Creators: name: Siddiquee, H.
name: Munir, R.
name: Dissanayake, C.
name: Vaidya, P.
name: Nickle, C.
name: Del Barco, E.
name: Lamura, G.
name: Baines, C.
name: Cahen, S.
name: Hérold, C.
name: Gentile, P.
name: Shiroka, T.
name: Nakajima, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The superconducting behavior of the topological semimetal CaSn$_{3}$ was investigated by means of magnetotransport and muon spectroscopy $μ$SR measurements, both providing strong evidence of nematic behavior. Magnetotransport detects an anisotropic upper critical field, characterized by a twofold symmetry about $C_{4}$ axis, thus breaking the rotational symmetry of the underlying cubic lattice. Transverse-field $μ$SR data support such picture, with the muon depolarization rate depending strongly on the magnetic field direction, here applied along the [110] or [001] crystal directions. In the former case, the absence of any additional muon depolarization suggests an unconventional vortex lattice. In the latter case, a vortex lattice encompassing a sample volume of at least 52% indicates the bulk nature of CaSn$_{3}$ superconductivity. The resulting superfluid density in the (001) planes shows a gapped low-temperature behavior, with a superconducting gap value $Δ(0)\simeq 0.61(7)$ meV. Additional zero-field $μ$SR results indicate that the superconducting state is time-reversal-invariant. This fact and the breaking of rotational symmetry in a fully-gapped superconductor are consistent with an unconventional pairing state in a multi-dimensional representation, thus making CaSn$_{3}$ an important example of nematic superconductor.
description: 12 pages, 11 figures, 1 table
Perturbative determination of $c_{SW}$ with Symanzik improved gauge action and stout smearing
Creators: name: Horsley, R.
name: Perlt, H.
name: Rakow, P. E. L.
name: Schierholz, G.
name: Schiller, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We determine the improvement factor $c_{SW}$ in one-loop lattice perturbation theory for the plaquette and Symanzik improved gauge actions. The fermionic action is ${\mathcal{O}(a)}$ clover improved with one-time stout smearing. $c_{SW}$ is derived from the one-loop correction to the quark-quark-gluon vertex in the off-shell regime. We give a first numerical value for the one-loop contribution to the non gauge-invariant improvement coefficient $c_{NGI}$ for the quark field using the plaquette action. A discussion of mean field improvement is included.
description: 7 pages, 1 figure, contribution to Lattice 2007
Lorentz-boost eigenmodes
Creators: name: Bliokh, Konstantin Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Plane waves and cylindrical or spherical vortex modes are important sets of solutions of quantum and classical wave equations. These are eigenmodes of the energy-momentum and angular-momentum operators, i.e., generators of spacetime translations and spatial rotations, respectively. Here we describe another set of wave modes: eigenmodes of the "boost momentum" operator, i.e., a generator of Lorentz boosts (spatio-temporal rotations). Akin to the angular momentum, only one (say, z) component of the boost momentum can have a well-defined quantum number. The boost eigenmodes exhibit invariance with respect to the Lorentz transformations along the z-axis, leading to scale-invariant wave forms and step-like singularities moving with the speed of light. We describe basic properties of the Lorentz-boost eigenmodes and argue that these can serve as a convenient basis for problems involving causal propagation of signals.
description: 16 pages, 4 figures, to appear in Phys. Rev. A
title: Transcriptions du Y//3 - Livre rouge , page #054
Creators: name: Brochard, Pierre
name: Claustre, Julie
name: Regazzi, Hugo
name: Claustre, Julie
name: Brochard, Pierre
name: Regazzi, Hugo
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Laboratoire de médiévistique occidentale de Paris
subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris
subject: Châtelet de Paris
subject: http://www.idref.fr/032506511/id

description: Transcriptions de certaines pages du Y//3 - Livre Rouge, Châtelet de Paris, Y//1-Y//6/6. Livres de couleur (1223-1604)
Les images liées sont indiquées par le champ Source.

Les transcriptions sont dans deux formats : Txt et PageXml.

Liste des abréviations

App(b)eillees = appareillées
Bouch'r = boucher
Com'e = comme
Laut' = l'autre
Daut' = d'autre
Par' = Paris
Com'andem's = commandemens
Cestass' = c'est assavoir
Envir' = environ
App(b)tient = appartient
Ass' = assavoir
Ch'un = chascun
Oucas = ou cas
Enioint = enjoint
T'spas = trespas
Entiere = entière
Aleurs = à leurs

Les apostrophes représentent les tildes et '(b)' signifie que le jambage de la lettre précédente est barré.
description: Source: https://www.siv.archives-nationales.culture.gouv.fr/siv/media/FRAN_IR_056373/c-2xp1c58jd-1w19uv1g8sus6/FRAN_0053_01054_L
description: Source: https://www.nakala.fr/10.34847/nkl.a80248zy
description: Relation: https://lamop.hypotheses.org/
description: Bibliographic citation: Hugo Regazzi, Pierre Brochard, Julie Claustre - Transcriptions du Y//3 - Livre Rouge du Châtelet de Paris, page #01054
description: Transcriptions du Y//3 - Livre Rouge page #054 - Format Text
description: Transcriptions du Y//3 - Livre Rouge page #054 - Format PageXML
Testing the X-ray reverberation model KYNREFREV in a sample of Seyfert 1 Active Galactic Nuclei
Creators: name: Caballero-Garcia, M. D.
name: Papadakis, I. E.
name: Dovciak, M.
name: Bursa, M.
name: Epitropakis, A.
name: Karas, V.
name: Svoboda, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first results obtained by the application of the KYNREFREV-reverberation model, which is ready for its use in XSPEC. This model computes the time dependent reflection spectra of the disc as a response to a flash of primary power-law radiation from a point source corona located on the axis of the black hole accretion disc (lamp-post geometry). Full relativistic effects are taken into account. The ionisation of the disc is set for each radius according to the amount of the incident primary flux and the density of the accretion disc. We tested the model by fitting model predictions to the observed time-lag spectra of three Narrow-Line Seyfert 1 galaxies (ARK 564, MCG-6-30-15 and 1H 0707-495), assuming either a rapidly or zero spinning black hole (BH). The time-lags strongly suggest a compact X-ray source, located close to the BH, at a height of approx. 4 gravitational radii. This result does not depend either on the BH spin or the disc ionization. There is no significant statistical difference between the quality of the best-fits in the rapidly and zero spinning BH scenarios in Ark 564 and MCG-6-30-15. But there is an indication that the hypothesis of a non-rotating BH in 1H 0707-495 is not consistent with its time-lag spectrum. Finally, the best-fits to the Ark 564 and 1H 0707-495 data are of rather low quality. We detect wavy-residuals around the best-fit reverberation model time-lags at high frequencies. This result suggests that the simple lamp-post geometry does not fully explain the X-ray source/disc configuration in Active Galactic Nuclei.
description: Accepted in MNRAS after minor revision (23/Jul./2018). 10 pages