cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Characterization of Transition Edge Sensors for the Simons Observatory
Creators: name: Stevens, Jason R.
name: Cothard, Nicholas F.
name: Vavagiakis, Eve M.
name: Ali, Aamir
name: Arnold, Kam
name: Austermann, Jason E.
name: Choi, Steve K.
name: Dober, Bradley J.
name: Duell, Cody
name: Duff, Shannon M.
name: Hilton, Gene C.
name: Ho, Shuay-Pwu Patty
name: Hoang, Thuong D.
name: Hubmayr, Johannes
name: Lee, Adrian T.
name: Mangu, Aashrita
name: Nati, Federico
name: Niemack, Michael D.
name: Raum, Christopher
name: Renzullo, Mario
name: Salatino, Maria
name: Sasse, Trevor
name: Simon, Sara M.
name: Staggs, Suzanne
name: Suzuki, Aritoki
name: Truitt, Patrick
name: Ullom, Joel
name: Vivalda, John
name: Vissers, Michael R.
name: Walker, Samantha
name: Westbrook, Benjamin
name: Wollack, Edward J.
name: Xu, Zhilei
name: Yohannes, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Simons Observatory is building both large (6 m) and small (0.5 m) aperture telescopes in the Atacama desert in Chile to observe the cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation with unprecedented sensitivity. Simons Observatory telescopes in total will use over 60,000 transition edge sensor (TES) detectors spanning center frequencies between 27 and 285 GHz and operating near 100 mK. TES devices have been fabricated for the Simons Observatory by NIST, Berkeley, and HYPRES/SeeQC corporation. Iterations of these devices have been tested cryogenically in order to inform the fabrication of further devices, which will culminate in the final TES designs to be deployed in the field. The detailed design specifications have been independently iterated at each fabrication facility for particular detector frequencies. We present test results for prototype devices, with emphasis on NIST high frequency detectors. A dilution refrigerator was used to achieve the required temperatures. Measurements were made both with 4-lead resistance measurements and with a time domain Superconducting Quantum Interference Device (SQUID) multiplexer system. The SQUID readout measurements include analysis of current vs voltage (IV) curves at various temperatures, square wave bias step measurements, and detector noise measurements. Normal resistance, superconducting critical temperature, saturation power, thermal and natural time constants, and thermal properties of the devices are extracted from these measurements.
description: 9 Pages, 5 figures, Low Temperature Detectors 19
Generalization of Sweeping Nets to Higher-Dimensional Singularities
Creators: name: Emmerson, Parker
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Mathematical Analysis
Differential Topology
Spectral Theorem
Error Estimation
Uniform Convergence
Local Coordinate Charts
Hessian Matrix
Spherical Harmonics
Spherical Coordinates
Currents
Rectifiable Sets
Taylor Expansion
Convergence Analysis
Manifold Embeddings
Hypersurfaces
Geometric Measure Theory
Differential Geometry
Singularities
Higher-Dimensional Manifolds
Sweeping Net Method

description: The sweeping net method has been an effective tool for approximatingsingularities in two-dimensional manifolds. In this paper, we propose aconjecture that extends the sweeping net method to higher-dimensionalmanifolds with isolated singularities. We present a detailed formulation ofthe conjecture, discuss the key challenges in proving it, and explore poten-tial approaches using local coordinate analysis, geometric measure theory,and multi-dimensional generalizations of trigonometric functions. Thiswork aims to open new avenues in the study of singularities on manifoldsand stimulate further research in this area.
Quantum Chaos of a particle in a square well : Competing Length Scales and Dynamical Localization
Creators: name: Sankaranarayanan, R.
name: Lakshminarayan, A.
name: Sheorey, V. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The classical and quantum dynamics of a particle trapped in a one-dimensional infinite square well with a time periodic pulsed field is investigated. This is a two-parameter non-KAM generalization of the kicked rotor, which can be seen as the standard map of particles subjected to both smooth and hard potentials. The virtue of the generalization lies in the introduction of an extra parameter R which is the ratio of two length scales, namely the well width and the field wavelength. If R is a non-integer the dynamics is discontinuous and non-KAM. We have explored the role of R in controlling the localization properties of the eigenstates. In particular the connection between classical diffusion and localization is found to generalize reasonably well. In unbounded chaotic systems such as these, while the nearest neighbour spacing distribution of the eigenvalues is less sensitive to the nature of the classical dynamics, the distribution of participation ratios of the eigenstates proves to be a sensitive measure; in the chaotic regimes the latter being lognormal. We find that the tails of the well converged localized states are exponentially localized despite the discontinuous dynamics while the bulk part shows fluctuations that tend to be closer to Random Matrix Theory predictions. Time evolving states show considerable R dependence and tuning R to enhance classical diffusion can lead to significantly larger quantum diffusion for the same field strengths, an effect that is potentially observable in present day experiments.
description: 29 pages (including 14 figures). Better quality of Figs. 1,3 & 9 can be obtained from authors
MOESM1 of A de novo molecular generation method using latent vector based generative adversarial network
Creators: name: Prykhodko, Oleksii
name: Johansson, Simon
name: Panagiotis-Christos Kotsias
name: ArÃºs-Pous, Josep
name: Bjerrum, Esben
name: Engkvist, Ola
name: Hongming Chen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Supplementary figures and table.
The Incidence of Soda Taxes with Imperfect Information and Strategic Firm Behavior
Creators: name: Zheng, Hualu
name: Huang, Lu
name: Zheng, Hualu
name: Huang, Lu
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Industrial Organization
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Public Economics
subject: Carbonated Soft Drinks
subject: Sales Tax
subject: Excise Tax
subject: Pass Through
subject: Obesity

description: Using a random coefficient discrete choice model, this paper distinguishes between sales and excise taxes and compares their effectiveness on reducing carbonated soft drink (CSD) consumption. Estimation results show that the magnitude of tax elasticity of demand is much smaller than own price elasticity. Therefore by generalizing the tax nature of sales and excise tax policies and employing price elasticity of demand to assess tax effects, previous studies overestimate the ability of such policies to reduce CSD consumption. Moreover, sales taxes are less effective than excise taxes for controlling soft drink consumption because they are not salient to consumers. Implications of this paper help policy makers focus their efforts to adopt the most appropriate policy instrument and to address obesity issues.
Highlights from the VERITAS AGN Observation Program
Creators: name: Benbow, Wystan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: VERITAS is one of the world's most sensitive detectors of astrophysical VHE (E $>$ 100 GeV) gamma rays. This array of four 12-m imaging atmospheric-Cherenkov telescopes has operated for 12 years, and $>$6,000 hours of observations have been targeted on active galactic nuclei (AGN). Approximately 300 AGN have been observed with VERITAS, and 39 are detected. Most of these detections are accompanied by contemporaneous, broadband observations, which enable detailed studies of the underlying jet-powered processes. Recent highlights from the VERITAS AGN observation program and scientific results are presented.
description: 8 pages, 1 figure; Contribution to the Proceedings of the 36th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC 2019), Madison, Wisconsin, USA
Homotopy Lie algebras, lower central series and the Koszul property
Creators: name: Papadima, Stefan
name: Suciu, Alexander I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 16S37, 20F14, 55Q15, 20F40, 52C35, 55P62, 57M25, 57Q45

description: Let X and Y be finite-type CW-complexes (X connected, Y simply connected), such that the rational cohomology ring of Y is a k-rescaling of the rational cohomology ring of X. Assume H^*(X,Q) is a Koszul algebra. Then, the homotopy Lie algebra pi_*(Omega Y) tensor Q equals, up to k-rescaling, the graded rational Lie algebra associated to the lower central series of pi_1(X). If Y is a formal space, this equality is actually equivalent to the Koszulness of H^*(X,Q). If X is formal (and only then), the equality lifts to a filtered isomorphism between the Malcev completion of pi_1(X) and the completion of [Omega S^{2k+1}, Omega Y]. Among spaces that admit naturally defined homological rescalings are complements of complex hyperplane arrangements, and complements of classical links. The Rescaling Formula holds for supersolvable arrangements, as well as for links with connected linking graph.
description: Published by Geometry and Topology at http://www.maths.warwick.ac.uk/gt/GTVol8/paper30.abs.html
Practical demonstration of quantitative magnetic force microscopy
Creators: name: Corte-León, Héctor
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: MFM
calibration
Gwyddion
magnetism
stray field
atomic force microscopy
Around the globe around the clock

description: Step by step guide of how calibrate magnetic force microscopy images. From how to setup the instrument and the scan parameters, to how to use Gwyddion for data analysis, and how to fit the probe's stray field using Matlab scripts.
Consumer Preferences for Second-Generation Bioethanol
Creators: name: Li, Tongzhe
name: McCluskey, Jill J.
name: Li, Tongzhe
name: McCluskey, Jill J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Consumer Preferences
subject: Second-generation Bioethanol
subject: Contingent Valuation

description: In this study, we investigate the consumer response toward fuel from second-generation, nature-inspired lignocellulose processing systems. We conduct consumer surveys with two different information treatments. We utilize a dichotomous-choice contingent valuation methodology to estimate willingness to pay for this product and analyze factors that affect consumer choice. The results suggest that the average respondent is willing to purchase second-generation bioethanol with a 4% discount compared to conventional fuel. Some demographic variables and driving behavior are found to have significant effects on consumer willingness to pay. The effect of information regarding the second-generation, nature-inspired lignocellulose process is found to be insignificant.
Cacopsylla midoriae Inoue 2004
Creators: name: Inoue, Hiromitsu
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Psyllidae
Cacopsylla
Cacopsylla midoriae

description: Cacopsylla midoriae (Miyatake)
 Psylla midoriae Miyatake 1963, p 339; Klimaszewski 1973, p 215. Type locality: Japan (Shikoku).
 Cacopsylla midoriae (Miyatake) Inoue 2004b, p 400.
See the notes for the next species.
 Distribution. Japan (Shikoku, Kyushu).
 Host plant. Sorbus japonica (Decne.) Hedlund (Rosaceae) (Inoue 2004b).
description: Published as part of Inoue, Hiromitsu, 2010, The generic affiliation of Japanese species of the subfamily Psyllinae (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) with a revised checklist, pp. 333-360 in Journal of Natural History 44 (5 - 6) on page 350, DOI: 10.1080/00222930903437325, http://zenodo.org/record/5207220
The Optimal Control of Biological Invasions with Heterogeneous Intensity
Creators: name: Goodenberger, James S.
name: Klaiber, H. Allen
name: Gopalakrishnan, Sathya
name: Goodenberger, James S.
name: Klaiber, H. Allen
name: Gopalakrishnan, Sathya
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Invasive Species
subject: Optimal Control

description: This paper investigates the impact of heterogeneous intensity in the optimal control of invasive species. By simulating a spatial dynamic optimal control model with eradication and suppression decision variables we find that the intensity of an invasion, as well as the carrying capacity of the landscape, are both important factors that should be taken into account when control decisions are being made.
DeepRICH: Learning Deeply Cherenkov Detectors
Creators: name: Fanelli, Cristiano
name: Pomponi, Jary
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Imaging Cherenkov detectors are largely used for particle identification (PID) in nuclear and particle physics experiments, where developing fast reconstruction algorithms is becoming of paramount importance to allow for near real time calibration and data quality control, as well as to speed up offline analysis of large amount of data. In this paper we present DeepRICH, a novel deep learning algorithm for fast reconstruction which can be applied to different imaging Cherenkov detectors. The core of our architecture is a generative model which leverages on a custom Variational Auto-encoder (VAE) combined to Maximum Mean Discrepancy (MMD), with a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) extracting features from the space of the latent variables for classification. A thorough comparison with the simulation/reconstruction package FastDIRC is discussed in the text. DeepRICH has the advantage to bypass low-level details needed to build a likelihood, allowing for a sensitive improvement in computation time at potentially the same reconstruction performance of other established reconstruction algorithms. In the conclusions, we address the implications and potentialities of this work, discussing possible future extensions and generalization.
description: 14 pages, 9 figures, preprint
Principal-agent Problems in the Purchase of Durables: Evidence from Motorcycles in Nepal
Creators: name: Filippini, Massimo
name: Raut, Nirmal Kumar
name: Srinivasan, Suchita
name: Sureka, Keshav
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2024
Subjects: Principal-agent problems
Intra-household decision-making
Durable adoption
Motorcycle
Nepal

description: Economics Working Paper Series, 24/394
Safety and effectiveness of left atrial appendage closure in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation and prior major bleeding
Creators: name: Zhao, Mingzhong
name: Hou, Cody R.
name: Xiong, Xiaolin
name: Post, Felix
name: Herold, Nora
name: Yu, Jiangtao
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: To investigate safety and effectiveness of left atrial appendage closure (LAAC) in atrial fibrillation patients with prior major bleeding. A total of 377 consecutive patients scheduled for LAAC with Watchman device were divided into bleeding group (n = 137) and non-bleeding group (n = 240). Data were compared between groups. The bleeding group had more patients ≥75 years old (P = 0.044), higher CHA2DS2-VASc (P = 0.029) and HAS-BLED scores (P = 0.001) than the non-bleeding group. During the long-term follow-up, except for thromboembolism event (P = 0.031), the incidences of major bleeding , all-cause death , co-primary efficacy events , and the cumulative survival ratio after adjustment of confounding factors were comparable. The observed thromboembolism rate was reduced by 86.3% (P = 0.0002) and 55.1% (P = 0.0293) and the observed major bleeding rate was decreased by 61.9% (P = 0.0393) and 35.7% (P = 0.2426) compared with expected risks in bleeding and non-bleeding groups, respectively. The risk reduction in thromboembolism and major bleeding were significantly greater in bleeding group versus non-bleeding group (all P Among patients with prior bleeding, LAAC is a safe and effective alternative to anticoagulation therapy and seems to emerge as a higher efficacy in risk reduction of thromboembolism and major bleeding compared to those without prior bleeding.
Event Study of Energy Price Volatility: An Application of Distributional Event Response Model
Creators: name: Ye, Shiyu
name: Karali, Berna
name: Ramirez, Octavio A.
name: Ye, Shiyu
name: Karali, Berna
name: Ramirez, Octavio A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: crude oil
subject: distributional event response model (DERM)
subject: event study
subject: returns
subject: volatility

description: We apply the Distributional Event Response Model (DERM), which is appropriate in studying relatively slowly-evolving information events, to nineteen years of daily crude oil futures returns and volatility to analyze the pattern of market responses to selected events. The results show that all the events considered have statistically significant effects on crude oil futures price volatility. The U.S. invasion of Iraq in 2003 and the bankruptcy filing of Lehman Brothers in 2008 are found to have the largest impacts on both daily returns and volatility. In addition, the location and duration of event windows vary across different event. Generally, the largest volatility response to an event is observed after several months following the event, suggesting that simply using an event-day dummy variable would hinder discovering the actual market responses to slowly-evolving events.
On topological classification of normed spaces endowed with the weak topology or the topology of compact convergence
Creators: name: Banakh, Taras
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: General Topology (math.GN)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57N17, 57N20, 46A20, 46A19

description: In this paper the weak topology on a normed space is studied from the viewpoint of infinite-dimensional topology. Besides the weak topology on a normed space $X$ (coinciding with the topology of uniform convergence on finite subsets of the dual space $X^*$), we consider the topology $c$ of uniform convergence on compact subsets of $X^*$. It is known that this topology coincides with the weak topology on bounded subsets of $X$, but unlike to the latter has much better topological properties (e.g., is stratifiable). We prove that for normed spaces $X,Y$ with separable duals the spaces $(X,weak)$, $(Y,weak)$ are sequentially homeomorphic if and only if $\mathcal W(X)=\mathcal W(Y)$, where $\mathcal W(X)$ is the class of topological spaces homeomorphic to closed bounded subsets of $(X,weak)$. Moreover, if $X,Y$ are Banach spaces which are isomorphic to their hyperplanes and have separale duals, then the spaces $(X,weak)$ and $(Y,weak)$ are sequentially homeomorphic if and only of the spaces $(X,c)$ and $(Y,c)$ are homeomorphic. To prove this result, we show that for a normed space $X$ which is isomorphic to its hyperpane and has separable dual, the space $(X,c)$ (resp. $(X,weak)$) is (sequentially) homeomorphic to the product $B\times\mathbb R^\infty$ of the weak unit ball $B$ of $X$ and the linear space $\mathbb R^\infty$ with countable Hamel basis and the strongest linear topology.
description: 7 pages
Cacopsylla moiwasana Inoue 2010, comb. nov.
Creators: name: Inoue, Hiromitsu
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Psyllidae
Cacopsylla
Cacopsylla moiwasana

description: Cacopsylla moiwasana (Kuwayama) comb. nov.
 Psylla moiwasana Kuwayama 1908, p 175; Oshanin 1912, p 128; Aulmann 1913, p 20; Sasaki 1954, p 35; Miyatake 1964a, p 18; Klimaszewski 1973, p 215. Type locality: Japan (Hokkaido).
 Although nymphs of this species are unknown, adult morphological features fit well in the genus Cacopsylla. Cacopsylla jezoensis, C. midoriae and C. moiwasana, all of which are endemic to Japan and allopatrically distributed, are very similar to each other. Perhaps all or some of them will be synonymous.
 Distribution. Japan (Hokkaido).
 Host plant. Unknown.
description: Published as part of Inoue, Hiromitsu, 2010, The generic affiliation of Japanese species of the subfamily Psyllinae (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) with a revised checklist, pp. 333-360 in Journal of Natural History 44 (5 - 6) on page 350, DOI: 10.1080/00222930903437325, http://zenodo.org/record/5207220
Limiter Control of a Chaotic RF Transistor Oscillator
Creators: name: Corron, Ned J.
name: Hopper, Buckley A.
name: Pethel, Shawn D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report experimental control of chaos in an electronic circuit at 43.9 MHz, which is the fastest chaos control reported in the literature to date. Limiter control is used to stabilize a periodic orbit in a tuned collector transistor oscillator modified to exhibit simply folded band chaos. The limiter is implemented using a transistor to enable monitoring the relative magnitude of the control perturbation. A plot of the relative control magnitude vs. limiter level shows a local minimum at period-1 control, thereby providing strong evidence that the controlled state is an unstable periodic orbit (UPO) of the uncontrolled system.
MOESM4 of The amyloid-β degradation intermediate Aβ34 is pericyte-associated and reduced in brain capillaries of patients with Alzheimer’s disease
Creators: name: Kirabali, Tunahan
name: Rigotti, Serena
name: Siccoli, Alessandro
name: Liebsch, Filip
name: Adeola Shobo
name: Hock, Christoph
name: Nitsch, Roger
name: Multhaup, Gerhard
name: Kulic, Luka
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 4. Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy (CAA) quantification.
Dynamical Mass Constraints on Low-Mass Pre-Main-Sequence Stellar Evolutionary Tracks: An Eclipsing Binary in Orion with a 1.0 Msun Primary and an 0.7 Msun Secondary
Creators: name: Stassun, Keivan G.
name: Mathieu, Robert D.
name: Vaz, Luiz Paulo R.
name: Stroud, Nicholas
name: Vrba, Frederick J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the discovery of a double-lined, spectroscopic, eclipsing binary in the Orion star-forming region. We analyze the system spectroscopically and photometrically to empirically determine precise, distance-independent masses, radii, effective temperatures, and luminosities for both components. The measured masses for the primary and secondary, accurate to ~1%, are 1.01 Msun and 0.73 Msun, respectively; thus the primary is a definitive pre-main-sequence solar analog, and the secondary is the lowest-mass star yet discovered among pre-main-sequence eclipsing binary systems. We use these fundamental measurements to test the predictions of pre-main-sequence stellar evolutionary tracks. None of the models we examined correctly predict the masses of the two components simultaneously, and we implicate differences between the theoretical and empirical effective temperature scales for this failing. All of the models predict the observed slope of the mass-radius relationship reasonably well, though the observations tend to favor models with low convection efficiencies. Indeed, considering our newly determined mass measurements together with other dynamical mass measurements of pre-main-sequence stars in the literature, as well as measurements of Li abundances in these stars, we show that the data strongly favor evolutionary models with inefficient convection in the stellar interior, even though such models cannot reproduce the properties of the present-day Sun.
description: Accepted by ApJ
Application of Ce for scavenging Cu impurities in A356 Al alloys
Creators: name: Sims, Zachary C.
name: Henderson, Hunter B.
name: Thompson, Michael J.
name: Chaudhary, Rakesh P.
name: Hammons, Joshua A.
name: Ilavsky, Jan
name: Weiss, David
name: Anderson, Kevin
name: Ott, Ryan
name: Rios, Orlando
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Secondary (recycled) Al is increasingly used in castings due to its lower cost and carbon footprint relative to primary Al. However, the presence of certain impurity elements in secondary Al degrades its properties, often requiring dilution or downgrading. Scavenging impurities with reactive alloying additions can limit impurity impact and broaden the use of secondary Al. This report will detail the initial results of using Ce to microstructurally tie up Cu impurities present in a model secondary Al alloy (A356) with high Cu impurity. The results show that targeted Ce additions to A356 can be used to scavenge Cu impurities by forming complex intermetallics and inhibit intergranular corrosion susceptibility associated with Cu impurities. Supplemental data for this article is available online at
Collective optimization for variational quantum eigensolvers
Creators: name: Zhang, Dan-Bo
name: Yin, Tao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) optimizes parameterized eigenstates of a Hamiltonian on a quantum processor by updating parameters with a classical computer. Such a hybrid quantum-classical optimization serves as a practical way to leverage up classical algorithms to exploit the power of near-term quantum computing. Here, we develop a hybrid algorithm for VQE, emphasizing the classical side, that can solve a group of related Hamiltonians simultaneously. The algorithm incorporates a snake algorithm into many VQE tasks to collectively optimize variational parameters of different Hamiltonians. Such so-called collective VQEs~(cVQEs) is applied for solving molecules with varied bond length, which is a standard problem in quantum chemistry. Numeral simulations show that cVQE is not only more efficient in convergence, but also trends to avoid single VQE task to be trapped in local minimums. The collective optimization utilizes intrinsic relations between related tasks and may inspire advanced hybrid quantum-classical algorithms for solving practical problems.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures. Comments are welcome
Short gamma-ray bursts within 200 Mpc
Creators: name: Dichiara, S.
name: Troja, E.
name: O'Connor, B.
name: Marshall, F. E.
name: Beniamini, P.
name: Cannizzo, J. K.
name: Lien, A. Y.
name: Sakamoto, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a systematic search for short-duration gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) in the local Universe based on 14 years of observations with the Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory. We cross-correlate the GRB positions with the GLADE catalogue of nearby galaxies, and find no event at a distance $\lesssim$100 Mpc and four plausible candidates in the range 100 Mpc$\lesssim$$D$$\lesssim$200 Mpc. Although affected by low statistics, this number is higher than the one expected for chance alignments to random galaxies, and possibly suggests a physical association between these bursts and nearby galaxies. By assuming a local origin, we use these events to constrain the range of properties for X-ray counterparts of neutron star mergers. Optical upper limits place tight constraints on the onset of a blue kilonova, and imply either low masses ($\lesssim10^{-3}\,M_{\odot}$) of lanthanide-poor ejecta or unfavorable orientations ($θ_{obs}\gtrsim$30 deg). Finally, we derive that the all-sky rate of detectable short GRBs within 200 Mpc is $1.3^{+1.7}_{-0.8}$ yr$^{-1}$ (68\% confidence interval), and discuss the implications for the GRB outflow structure. If these candidates are instead of cosmological origin, we set a upper limit of $\lesssim$2.0 yr$^{-1}$ (90\% confidence interval) to the rate of nearby events detectable with operating gamma-ray observatories, such as Swift and Fermi.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures, 1 table, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Cacopsylla peregrina
Creators: name: Inoue, Hiromitsu
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Psyllidae
Cacopsylla
Cacopsylla peregrina

description: Cacopsylla peregrina (Foerster)
 Psylla peregrina Foerster 1848, p 74; Kuwayama 1908, p 166; Oshanin 1912, p 127; Aulmann 1913, p 22; Sasaki 1954, p 35; Miyatake 1964a, p 21; Konovalova 1988, p 532. Type locality: Germany (Aachen).
 Cacopsylla peregrina: Ossiannilsson 1992, p 132; Lauterer 1999, p 133.
 Distribution. The whole Palaearctic from Europe to Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu), Russian Far East; USA (introduced).
 Host plants. Unknown in Japan. Crataegus spp. (Rosaceae) in Europe and USA (Ossiannilsson 1992; Wheeler and Stoops 2001).
description: Published as part of Inoue, Hiromitsu, 2010, The generic affiliation of Japanese species of the subfamily Psyllinae (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) with a revised checklist, pp. 333-360 in Journal of Natural History 44 (5 - 6) on page 351, DOI: 10.1080/00222930903437325, http://zenodo.org/record/5207220
Non-radial oscillation modes as a probe of density discontinuities in neutron stars
Creators: name: Miniutti, G.
name: Pons, J. A.
name: Berti, E.
name: Gualtieri, L.
name: Ferrari, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A phase transition occurring in the inner core of a neutron star could be associated to a density discontinuity that would affect the frequency spectrum of the non-radial oscillation modes in two ways. Firstly, it would produce a softening of the equation of state, leading to more compact equilibrium configurations and changing the frequency of the fundamental and pressure modes of the neutron star. Secondly, a new non-zero frequency g-- mode would appear, associated to each discontinuity. These discontinuity g--modes have typical frequencies larger than those of g--modes previously studied in the literature (thermal, core g-- modes, or g--modes due to chemical inhomogeneities in the outer layers), and smaller than that of the fundamental mode; therefore they should be distinguishable from the other modes of non radial oscillation. In this paper we investigate how high density discontinuities change the frequency spectrum of the non-radial oscillations, in the framework of the general relativistic theory of stellar perturbations. Our purpose is to understand whether a gravitational signal, emitted at the frequencies of the quasi normal modes, may give some clear information on the equation of state of the neutron star and, in particular, on the parameters that characterize the density discontinuity. We discuss some astrophysical processes that may be associated to the excitation of these modes, and estimate how much gravitational energy should the modes convey to produce a signal detectable by high frequency gravitational detectors.
description: submitted to MNRAS
Automatic Text Summarization of Legal Cases: A Hybrid Approach
Creators: name: Pandya, Varun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 68T50

description: Manual Summarization of large bodies of text involves a lot of human effort and time, especially in the legal domain. Lawyers spend a lot of time preparing legal briefs of their clients' case files. Automatic Text summarization is a constantly evolving field of Natural Language Processing(NLP), which is a subdiscipline of the Artificial Intelligence Field. In this paper a hybrid method for automatic text summarization of legal cases using k-means clustering technique and tf-idf(term frequency-inverse document frequency) word vectorizer is proposed. The summary generated by the proposed method is compared using ROGUE evaluation parameters with the case summary as prepared by the lawyer for appeal in court. Further, suggestions for improving the proposed method are also presented.
description: Part of 5th International Conference on Natural Language Processing (NATP 2019) Proceedings
Cacopsylla pulchra
Creators: name: Inoue, Hiromitsu
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Psyllidae
Cacopsylla
Cacopsylla pulchra

description: Cacopsylla pulchra (Zetterstedt)
 Chermes pulchra Zetterstedt 1840, p 309. Type locality: Sweden (Lapponia).
 Psylla pulchra: Miyatake 1964a, p 7; Baba and Miyatake 1971, p 10; Klimaszewski 1973, p 220; Miyatake 1979, p 220; Konovalova 1988, p 529.
 Cacopsylla pulchra: Klimaszewski 1975, p 193; Ossiannilsson 1992, p 189; Lauterer 1999, p 89.
 Psylla sapporensis Kuwayama 1908, p 166. Synonymized by Miyatake 1964a, p 7.
 Distribution. Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu, Sado Island), Russian Far East, Europe.
 Host plants. Salix integra Thunb. (Salicaceae) in Japan (Miyatake 1964a); various Salix species in Europe (Ossiannillson 1992).
description: Published as part of Inoue, Hiromitsu, 2010, The generic affiliation of Japanese species of the subfamily Psyllinae (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) with a revised checklist, pp. 333-360 in Journal of Natural History 44 (5 - 6) on page 351, DOI: 10.1080/00222930903437325, http://zenodo.org/record/5207220
Development of a Low-Cost Incinerator in Cape Maclear, Malawi
Creators: name: Peduzzi, Mosè
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2024
Subjects: Waste management
Waste Incineration

description: While waste collection and disposal are well-controlled in economically developed countries, the situation differs in low-income countries like Malawi, where open dumping and open burning of waste are prevalent practices. This thesis, along with others, aims to introduce a waste collection, recycling, and disposal system for the village of Cape Maclear. Specifically, it evaluates the feasibility and effectiveness of constructing low-cost incinerators for waste disposal in both the community and nearby clinic. The findings demonstrate the potential for safer waste management, reducing environmental and health risks, with a construction cost of approximately 700 USD and a construction time of one week. Additionally, the integration of a cyclone separator within a De Montfort incinerator mark 8A is proposed to reduce particulate matter emissions, albeit with a 12% increase in construction expenses. However, significant challenges persist, particularly regarding ash storage, primarily due to community reluctance and lack of regulatory supervision. To address this issue, the importance of training is emphasized, aimed at reducing risks associated with waste management overall. Ultimately, this research underscores the need for sustainable waste management solutions tailored to local contexts. While the incinerator presents a viable option for the clinic, its implementation in the community requires careful consideration of logistical, environmental, and social factors. Overcoming these challenges will be essential in ensuring safe and efficient waste disposal practices while minimizing environmental impact and public health risks.
MOESM1 of Comparative knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding anthrax, brucellosis, and rabies in three districts of northern Tanzania
Creators: name: Kiffner, Christian
name: Latzer, Michelle
name: Vise, Ruby
name: Benson, Hayley
name: Hammon, Elizabeth
name: Kioko, John
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Questionnaire used to assess knowledge, attitudes and perceptions regarding anthrax, brucellosis, and rabies among residents of three districts in northern Tanzania. The questionnaire is provided in English and Swahili (SW).
Backtracking activation impacts the criticality of excitable networks
Creators: name: Zhang, Renquan
name: Quan, Guoyi
name: Wang, Jiannan
name: Pei, Sen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Networks of excitable elements are widely used to model real-world biological and social systems. The dynamic range of an excitable network quantifies the range of stimulus intensities that can be robustly distinguished by the network response, and is maximized at the critical state. In this study, we examine the impacts of backtracking activation on system criticality in excitable networks consisting of both excitatory and inhibitory units. We find that, for dynamics with refractory states that prohibit backtracking activation, the critical state occurs when the largest eigenvalue of the weighted non-backtracking (WNB) matrix for excitatory units, $λ^E_{NB}$, is close to one, regardless of the strength of inhibition. In contrast, for dynamics without refractory state in which backtracking activation is allowed, the strength of inhibition affects the critical condition through suppression of backtracking activation. As inhibitory strength increases, backtracking activation is gradually suppressed. Accordingly, the system shifts continuously along a continuum between two extreme regimes -- from one where the criticality is determined by the largest eigenvalue of the weighted adjacency matrix for excitatory units, $λ^E_W$, to the other where the critical state is reached when $λ_{NB}^E$ is close to one. For systems in between, we find that $λ^E_{NB}<1$ and $λ^E_W>1$ at the critical state. These findings, confirmed by numerical simulations using both random and synthetic neural networks, indicate that backtracking activation impacts the criticality of excitable networks.
description: 26 pages, 9 figures
Fluctuation and Dissipation in Liquid Crystal Electroconvection
Creators: name: Goldburg, Walter I.
name: Goldschmidt, Yadin Y.
name: Kellay, Hamid
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this experiment a steady state current is maintained through a liquid crystal thin film. When the applied voltage is increased through a threshold, a phase transition is observed into a convective state characterized by the chaotic motion of rolls. Above the threshold, an increase in power consumption is observed that is manifested by an increase in the mean conductivity. A sharp increase in the ratio of the power fluctuations to the mean power dissipated is observed above the transition. This ratio is compared to the predictions of the fluctuation theorem of Gallavotti and Cohen using an effective temperature associated with the rolls' chaotic motion.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, revtex format
Are Out-of-Distribution Detection Methods Effective on Large-Scale Datasets?
Creators: name: Roady, Ryne
name: Hayes, Tyler L.
name: Kemker, Ronald
name: Gonzales, Ayesha
name: Kanan, Christopher
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Supervised classification methods often assume the train and test data distributions are the same and that all classes in the test set are present in the training set. However, deployed classifiers often require the ability to recognize inputs from outside the training set as unknowns. This problem has been studied under multiple paradigms including out-of-distribution detection and open set recognition. For convolutional neural networks, there have been two major approaches: 1) inference methods to separate knowns from unknowns and 2) feature space regularization strategies to improve model robustness to outlier inputs. There has been little effort to explore the relationship between the two approaches and directly compare performance on anything other than small-scale datasets that have at most 100 categories. Using ImageNet-1K and Places-434, we identify novel combinations of regularization and specialized inference methods that perform best across multiple outlier detection problems of increasing difficulty level. We found that input perturbation and temperature scaling yield the best performance on large scale datasets regardless of the feature space regularization strategy. Improving the feature space by regularizing against a background class can be helpful if an appropriate background class can be found, but this is impractical for large scale image classification datasets.
Cacopsylla pyricola
Creators: name: Inoue, Hiromitsu
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Psyllidae
Cacopsylla
Cacopsylla pyricola

description: Cacopsylla pyricola (Foerster)
 Psylla pyricola Foerster 1848, p 77; Kuwayama 1908, p 163; Aulmann 1913, p 24; Sasaki 1954, p 35; Klimaszewski 1973, p 221; Kwon 1983, p 67; Hodkinson 1988, p 1192; Konovalova 1988, p 521. Type locality: Germany (Aachen, Frankfurt).
 Cacopsylla pyricola: Burckhardt and Hodkinson 1986, p 127; Ossiannilsson 1992, p 159.
 Distribution. The whole Palaearctic, from Europe to Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu), Russian Far East (Khabarovsk, Primorsky); introduced into North America (USA, Canada) and South America (Argentina).
 Host plants. Pyrus ussuriensis Maxim. (= Pyrus simonii) (Rosaceae) in Japan (Sasaki 1954); Pyrus communis L. and Pyrus pyraster Burgsd. in the other area (Burckhardt and Hodkinson 1986; Ossiannilsson 1992).
description: Published as part of Inoue, Hiromitsu, 2010, The generic affiliation of Japanese species of the subfamily Psyllinae (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) with a revised checklist, pp. 333-360 in Journal of Natural History 44 (5 - 6) on pages 351-352, DOI: 10.1080/00222930903437325, http://zenodo.org/record/5207220
Superradiant instability of charged scalar fields in higher-dimensional Reissner-Nordström-de Sitter black holes
Creators: name: Destounis, Kyriakos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Black holes possess trapping regions which lead to intriguing dynamical effects. By properly scattering test fields off a black hole, one can extract energy from it, leading to the growth of the amplitude of the test field in expense of the black hole's energy. Such a dynamical phenomenon is called superradiance. Here, we study charged-scalar-field instabilities of Reissner-Nordström black holes immersed in a $d-$dimensional de Sitter Universe. By performing a thorough frequency-domain analysis we compute the unstable quasinormal resonances and link their presence with a novel family of quasinormal modes associated with the existence and timescale of the cosmological horizon of pure de Sitter spacetime. Our results indicate that such an instability is caused by superradiance, while the increment of dimensions amplifies the growth rate and enlarges the region of the parameter space where, both massless and massive, test fields are unstable.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures, PRD in press, references added, typos fixed
Development of effective water management institutions in Thailand
Creators: name: Biltonen, Eric
name: Biltonen, Eric
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Financial Economics
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Water management
subject: River basins
subject: Social aspects
subject: Economic analysis
subject: Irrigation programs
subject: Thailand
subject: Mae Klong River Basin

description: In IWMI South East Asia, KU – IWMI Seminar on Scientific Cooperation, Kamphol Adulavidhaya Conference Room, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, Thailand, 26 March 2003.
Integrated water-resources governance in a river basin context: A synthesis paper
Creators: name: Bruns, Bryan
name: Bandaragoda, Don Jayatissa
name: Bruns, Bryan
name: Bandaragoda, Don Jayatissa
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: River basins
subject: Water resource management
subject: Governance
subject: Models
subject: Water users
subject: Asia

description: In Bruns, B.; Bandaragoda, D. J. (Eds.), Governance for integrated water resources management in a river-basin context: Proceedings of a regional seminar, Bangkok, May, 2002. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI).
Quasiparticle effective mass divergence in two dimensional electron systems
Creators: name: Zhang, Ying
name: Sarma, S. Das
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Within the infinite series of ring (or bubble) diagram approximation for the electronic self-energy as appropriate for the long-range Coulomb interaction, we calculate the density-dependent T=0 Fermi liquid quasiparticle effective mass renormalization in two dimensional (2D) electron systems in the random-phase-approximation (RPA). We find that the quasiparticle effective mass increases very strongly with increasing $r_s$, exhibiting an unexpected divergence at a critical $r_s$ value ($\sim 16$ in the ideal 2D system). We discuss the possibility for and the consequences of such an interaction induced effective mass divergence as the electron density decreases, and critically comment on the likely theoretical scenarios which could lead to such a low density effective mass divergence in electron liquids.
description: Figure 6 updated. Accepted version for publishing