cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Instability in a minimal bimetric gravity model
Creators: name: Könnig, Frank
name: Amendola, Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss in detail a particularly simple example of a bimetric massive gravity model which seems to offer an alternative to the standard cosmological model at background level. For small redshifts, its equation of state is $w(z)\approx-1.22_{-0.02}^{+0.02}-0.64_{-0.04}^{+0.05}z/(1+z)$. Just like $Λ$CDM, it depends on a single parameter, has an analytical background expansion law and fits the expansion cosmological data well. However, confirming previous results, we find that the model is unstable at early times at small scales and speculate over possible ways to cure the instability. In the regime in which the model is stable, we find that it fits the linear perturbation observations well and has a growth index of approximately $γ=0.47$.
description: paper substantially revised with a new section on instabilities; 12 pages, 4 figures
The MAPS foil
Creators: name: Beolé, S.
name: Carnesecchi, F.
name: Contin, G.
name: de Oliveira, R.
name: di Mauro, A.
name: Ferry, S.
name: Hillemanns, H.
name: Junique, A.
name: Kluge, A.
name: Lautner, L.
name: Mager, M.
name: Mehl, B.
name: Rebane, K.
name: Reidt, F.
name: Sanna, I.
name: Šuljić, M.
name: Yüncü, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a method of embedding a Monolithic Active Pixel Sensor (MAPS) into a flexible printed circuit board (FPC) and its interconnection by means of through-hole copper plating. The resulting assembly, baptised "MAPS foil", is a flexible, light, protected, and fully integrated detector module. By using widely available printed circuit board manufacturing techniques, the production of these devices can be scaled easily in size and volume, making it a compelling candidate for future large-scale applications. A first series of prototypes that embed the ALPIDE chip has been produced, functionally tested, and shown to be working.
YASMIN: Yet Another State MachINe library for ROS 2
Creators: name: González-Santamarta, Miguel Ángel
name: Rodríguez-Lera, Francisco Javier
name: Llamas, Camino Fernández
name: Rico, Francisco Martín
name: Olivera, Vicente Matellán
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: State machines are a common mechanism for defining behaviors in robots, defining them based on identifiable stages. There are several libraries available for easing the implementation of state machines in ROS 1, as SMACH or SMACC, but there are fewer alternatives for ROS 2. YASMIN is yet another library specifically designed for ROS 2 for easing the design of robotic behaviors using state machines. It is available in C++ and Python, provides some default states to speed up the development, and a web viewer for monitoring the execution of the system and helping in the debugging.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, ROSCon FR 2022
Coherent perfect absorption with and without lasing in complex potentials
Creators: name: Ahmed, Zafar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We prove that coherent perfect absorption (CPA) without lasing is {\bf not} possible in the PT-symmetric domain as the s-matrix is such that $|\det S(\pm k)|=1$. We study coherent scattering from three complex potentials, one solved analytically and the other two numerically. We conjecture that in the domain of unbroken symmetry (when the potential has real discrete spectrum) neither spectral singularity nor CPA can occur. We show that Scarf II potential is a special model that can analytically and explicitly exhibit these as well as other novel phenomena and their subtleties. \pacs{03.65-w, 03.65.Nk, 11.30.Er, 42.25.Bs, 42.79.Gn
description: 12 pages, Six figures (3 parts in each). arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1308.1270 (To appear in J. Phys. A: Theor. & Gen.)
UV graviton scattering and positivity bounds from IR dispersion relations
Creators: name: Herrero-Valea, M.
name: Koshelev, A. S.
name: Tokareva, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Scattering amplitudes mediated by graviton exchange display IR singularities in the forward limit. This obstructs standard application of positivity bounds based on twice subtracted dispersion relations. Such divergences can be cancelled only if the UV limit of the scattering amplitude behaves in a specific way, which implies a very non-trivial connection between the UV and IR behaviors of the amplitude. We show that this relation can be expressed in terms of an integral transform, obtaining analytic results when $t \log{s}\rightarrow 0$. Carefully applying this limit to dispersion relations, we find that infinite arc integrals, which are usually taken to vanish, can give a non-trivial contribution in the presence of gravity, unlike in the case of finite negative $t$. This implies that gravitational positivity bounds cannot be trusted unless the size of this contribution is estimated in some way, which implies assumptions on the UV completion of gravitational interactions. We discuss the relevance of these findings in the particular case of QED coupled to gravity.
description: 20 pages, 2 figures
Observing Properties of an Interacting Homogeneous Bose--Einstein Condensate: Heisenberg-Limited Momentum Spread, Interaction Energy and Free-Expansion Dynamics
Creators: name: Gotlibovych, Igor
name: Schmidutz, Tobias F.
name: Gaunt, Alexander L.
name: Navon, Nir
name: Smith, Robert P.
name: Hadzibabic, Zoran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the properties of an atomic Bose--Einstein condensate produced in an optical-box potential, using high-resolution Bragg spectroscopy. For a range of box sizes, up to $70~μ$m, we directly observe Heisenberg-limited momentum uncertainty of the condensed atoms. We measure the condensate interaction energy with a precision of $k_B \times 100$ pK and study, both experimentally and numerically, the dynamics of its free expansion upon release from the box potential. All our measurements are in good agreement with theoretical expectations for a perfectly homogeneous condensate of spatial extent equal to the size of the box, which also establishes the uniformity of our optical-box system on a sub-nK energy scale.
description: 4.4 pages, 5 figures
Development and test of a mini-Data Acquisition system for the High-Luminosity LHC upgrade of the ATLAS Monitored Drift Tube detector
Creators: name: Guo, Yuxiang
name: Hu, Xueye
name: Schwarz, Thomas
name: Zhou, Bing
name: Zhu, Junjie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: New front-end electronics including ASICs and FPGA boards are under development for the ATLAS Monitored Drift Tube (MDT) detector to handle the large data rates and harsh environment expected at high-luminosity LHC runs. A mobile Data Acquisition (miniDAQ) system is designed to perform integration tests of these front-end electronics. In addition, it will be used for surface commissioning of 96 small-radius MDT (sMDT) chambers and for integration and commissioning of new front-end electronics on the present ATLAS MDT chambers. Details of the miniDAQ hardware and firmware are described in this article. The miniDAQ system is also used to read out new front-end electronics on an sMDT prototype chamber using cosmic muons and results obtained are shown.
description: 10 pages, 12 figures
Multiple choice of gauge generators and consistency of interactions
Creators: name: Lyakhovich, S. L.
name: Sharapov, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is usually assumed that any consistent interaction either deforms or retains the gauge symmetries of the corresponding free theory. We propose a simple model where an obvious irreducible gauge symmetry does not survive an interaction, while the interaction is consistent as it preserves the number of physical degrees of freedom. The model turns out admitting a less obvious reducible set of gauge generators which is compatible with the interaction and smooth in coupling constant. Possible application to gravity models is discussed.
description: A reference added, minor corrections
Spectral distortions in the cosmic microwave background polarization
Creators: name: Renaux-Petel, Sebastien
name: Fidler, Christian
name: Pitrou, Cyril
name: Pettinari, Guido W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the spectral distortions of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) polarization induced by non-linear effects in the Compton interactions between CMB photons and cold intergalactic electrons. This signal is of the $y$-type and is dominated by contributions arising from the reionized era. We stress that it is not shadowed by the thermal SZ effect which has no equivalent for polarization. We decompose its angular dependence into $E$- and $B$-modes, and we calculate the corresponding power spectra, both exactly and using a suitable Limber approximation that allows a simpler numerical evaluation. We find that $B$-modes are of the same order of magnitude as $E$-modes. Both spectra are relatively flat, peaking around $\ell=280$, and their overall amplitude is directly related to the optical depth to reionization. Moreover, we find this effect to be one order of magnitude larger than the non-linear kinetic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect in galaxy clusters. Finally, we discuss how to improve the detectability of our signal by cross-correlating it with other quantities sourced by the flow of intergalactic electrons.
description: 24 pages, 6 figures. Discussion about the effects of an extended period of reionization added and further comparison with previous works. Matches version published in JCAP
Physical time-energy cost of a quantum process determines its information fidelity
Creators: name: Fung, Chi-Hang Fred
name: Chau, H. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A quantum system can be described and characterized by at least two different concepts, namely, its physical and informational properties. Here, we explicitly connect these two concepts, by equating the time-energy cost which is the product of the largest energy of a Hamiltonian of quantum dynamics and the evolution time, and the entanglement fidelity which is the informational difference between an input state and the corresponding output state produced by a quantum channel characterized by the Hamiltonian. Specifically, the worst-case entanglement fidelity between the input and output states is exactly the cosine of the channel's time-energy cost (except when the fidelity is zero). The exactness of our relation makes a strong statement about the intimate connection between information and physics. Our exact result may also be regarded as a time-energy uncertainty relation for the fastest state that achieves a certain fidelity.
description: 6 pages
Black Probes of Schrödinger Spacetimes
Creators: name: Armas, Jay
name: Blau, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider black probes of Anti-de Sitter and Schrödinger spacetimes embedded in string theory and M-theory and construct perturbatively new black hole geometries. We begin by reviewing black string configurations in Anti-de Sitter dual to finite temperature Wilson loops in the deconfined phase of the gauge theory and generalise the construction to the confined phase. We then consider black strings in thermal Schrödinger, obtained via a null Melvin twist of the extremal D3-brane, and construct three distinct types of black string configurations with spacelike as well as lightlike separated boundary endpoints. One of these configurations interpolates between the Wilson loop operators, with bulk duals defined in Anti-de Sitter and another class of Wilson loop operators, with bulk duals defined in Schrödinger. The case of black membranes with boundary endpoints on the M5-brane dual to Wilson surfaces in the gauge theory is analysed in detail. Four types of black membranes, ending on the null Melvin twist of the extremal M5-brane exhibiting the Schrödinger symmetry group, are then constructed. We highlight the differences between Anti-de Sitter and Schrödinger backgrounds and make some comments on the properties of the corresponding dual gauge theories.
description: v2: 45pp, 32figures, comments added, typos fixed, published in JHEP
Enhanced collisionless laser absorption in strongly magnetized plasmas
Creators: name: Manzo, Lili
name: Edwards, Matthew R.
name: Shi, Yuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Strongly magnetizing a plasma adds a range of waves that do not exist in unmagnetized plasmas and enlarges the laser-plasma interaction (LPI) landscape. In this paper, we use particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations to investigate strongly magnetized LPI in one dimension under conditions relevant for magneto-inertial fusion experiments, focusing on a regime where the electron-cyclotron frequency is greater than the plasma frequency and the magnetic field is at an oblique angle with respect to the wave vectors. We show that when electron-cyclotron-like hybrid wave frequency is about half the laser frequency, the laser light resonantly decays to magnetized plasma waves via primary and secondary instabilities with large growth rates. These distinct magnetic-field-controlled instabilities, which we collectively call two-magnon decays, are analogous to two-plasmon decays in unmagnetized plasmas. Since additional phase mixing mechanisms are introduced by the oblique magnetic field, collisionless damping of large-amplitude magnetized waves substantially broadens the electron distribution function, especially along the direction of the magnetic field. During this process, energy is transferred efficiently from the laser to plasma waves and then to electrons, leading to a large overall absorptivity when strong resonances are present. The enhanced laser energy absorption may explain hotter-than-expected temperatures observed in magnetized laser implosion experiments and may also be exploited to develop more efficient laser-driven x-ray sources.
description: 10 figures
Effects of center offset and noise on weak-lensing derived concentration-mass relation of dark matter halos
Creators: name: Du, Wei
name: Fan, Zuhui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With the halo catalog from the {\it Millennium Simulation}, we analyze the weak-lensing measured density profiles for clusters of galaxies, paying attention to the determination of the concentration-mass ($c$-$M$) relation which can be biased by the center offset, selection effect, and shape noise from intrinsic ellipticities of background galaxies. Several different methods of locating the center of a cluster from weak-lensing effects alone are explored. We find that, for intermediate redshift clusters, the highest peak from our newly proposed two-scale smoothing method applied to the reconstructed convergence field, first with a smoothing scale of $2^\prime$ and then $0\overset{\prime}{.}5$, corresponds best to the true center. Assuming the parameterized Navarro-Frenk-White profile, we fit the reduced tangential shear signals around different centers identified by different methods. It is shown that, for the ensemble median values, a center offset larger than one scale radius $r_s$ can bias the derived mass and concentration significantly lower than the true values, especially for low-mass halos. However, the existence of noise can compensate for the offset effect and reduce the systematic bias, although the scatter of mass and concentration becomes considerably larger. Statistically, the bias effect of center offset on the $c$-$M$ relation is insignificant if an appropriate center finding method is adopted. On the other hand, noise from intrinsic ellipticities can bias the $c$-$M$ relation derived from a sample of weak-lensing analyzed clusters if a simple $χ^2$ fitting method is used. To properly account for the scatter and covariance between $c$ and $M$, we apply a Bayesian method to improve the statistical analysis of the $c$-$M$ relation. It is shown that this new method allows us to derive the $c$-$M$ relation with significantly reduced biases.
description: Accepted for Publication in ApJ. 25 pages, 14 figures. Updated to match the published version
Mid-circuit cavity measurement in a neutral atom array
Creators: name: Deist, Emma
name: Lu, Yue-Hui
name: Ho, Jacquelyn
name: Pasha, Mary Kate
name: Zeiher, Johannes
name: Yan, Zhenjie
name: Stamper-Kurn, Dan M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Subsystem readout during a quantum process, or mid-circuit measurement, is crucial for error correction in quantum computation, simulation, and metrology. Ideal mid-circuit measurement should be faster than the decoherence of the system, high-fidelity, and nondestructive to the unmeasured qubits. Here, we use a strongly coupled optical cavity to read out the state of a single tweezer-trapped 87Rb atom within a small tweezer array. Measuring either atomic fluorescence or the transmission of light through the cavity, we detect both the presence and the state of an atom in the tweezer, within only tens of microseconds, with state preparation and measurement infidelities of roughly 0.5% and atom loss probabilities of around 1%. Using a two-tweezer system, we find measurement on one atom within the cavity causes no observable hyperfine-state decoherence on a second atom located tens of microns from the cavity volume. This high-fidelity mid-circuit readout method is a substantial step towards quantum error correction in neutral atom arrays.
description: E.D. and Y.-H.L. contributed equally to this manuscript. Accepted for publication in Physical Review Letters
Motility versus fluctuations in mixtures of self-propelled and passive agents
Creators: name: Hinz, Denis F.
name: Panchenko, Alexander
name: Kim, Tae-Yeon
name: Fried, Eliot
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many biological systems consist of self-motile and passive agents both of which contribute to overall functionality. However, there are very few studies of the properties of such mixtures. Here we formulate a model for mixtures of self-motile and passive agents and show that the model gives rise to three different dynamical phases: a disordered mesoturbulent phase, a polar flocking phase, and a vortical phase characterized by large-scale counterrotating vortices. We use numerical simulations to construct a phase diagram and compare the statistical properties of the different phases of the model with self-motile bacterial suspensions. Our findings afford specific insights regarding the interaction of microorganisms and passive particles and provide novel strategic guidance for efficient technological realizations of artificial active matter.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
NJ Private Well Testing Act Primary and Secondary Drinking Water Standards
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection
Year: 2003

description: This table includes the primary drinking water standards consisting of Maximum Contaminant Levels of volatile organic compounds, inorganic compounds, microbiological compounds, radiological compounds, as well as the secondary standards for pH, iron, and manganese. These are the drinking water standards as established by the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection (NJDEP) as of June 11, 2003.
Unearthing New Jersey Vol. 2, No. 1
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: New Jersey Geological Survey, NJDEP
Year: 2006

description: The New Jersey Geological Survey (NJGS) provides geoscience information to government agencies, consultants, industry, environmental groups and the public. The work of the Survey covers large regional issues of environmental concern and economic development, as well as smaller, educational studies. This issue includes a message from the State Geologist, Karl W. Muessig, a list of new NJGS publications, a geology crossword puzzle and the following  articles: Karst in the Delaware Water Gap National Recreation Area, New Research in Ground-Water Flow in Carbonate Fractured-Rock Aquifers, Hydrogeological Framework of the Brunswick Aquifer at the Heron Glen Golf Course Hunterdon County, Prehnite Primer, World Water Monitoring Day
New Jersey and National Registers of Historic Places, Middlesex County
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection (NJDEP), Historic Preservation Office
Year: 2004

description: This document by the New Jersey and National Registers of Historic Places lists properties and historic districts in Middlesex County, New Jersey for which a formal action was taken by the State Historic Preservation Officer or designee. The listings are current through the end of 2002, and itemize the buildings, structures, sites, objects, and districts listed on the New Jersey Register of Historic Places (SR) and the National Register of Historic Places (NR). They also include resources that have received Certifications of Eligibility (COE), opinions of eligibility from the State Historic Preservation Officer (SHPO Opinion), or Determinations of Eligibility (DOE) from the Keeper of the National Register.
Guidance on Preparing a Risk Assessment for Air Contaminant Emissions
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: Bureau of Air Quality Evaluation, Air Quality Permitting Program, New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection
Year: 1994

description: This document provides information on the requirements of the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection (NJDEP) Air Quality Permitting Program (AQPP) for carrying out a risk assessment in conjunction with applying for an air pollution control pre-construction permit. There are different requirements for risk assessment depending on the type of source applying for a permit. Specific requirements are described in this document and its appendices.
New Hyperon Equations of State for Supernovae and Neutron Stars in Density-dependent Hadron Field Theory
Creators: name: Banik, Sarmistha
name: Hempel, Matthias
name: Bandyopadhyay, Debades
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop new hyperon equation of state (EoS) tables for core-collapse supernova simulations and neutron stars. These EoS tables are based on a density-dependent relativistic hadron field theory where baryon-baryon interaction is mediated by mesons, using the parameter set DD2 from Typel et al. (2010) for nucleons. Furthermore, light and heavy nuclei along with the interacting nucleons are treated in the nuclear statistical equilibrium model of Hempel and Schaffner-Bielich which includes excluded volume effects. Of all possible hyperons, we consider only the contribution of $Λ$s. We have developed two variants of hyperonic EoS tables: in the np$Λϕ$ case the repulsive hyperon-hyperon interaction mediated by the strange $ϕ$ meson is taken into account, and in the np$Λ$ case it is not. The EoS tables for the two cases encompass wide range of density ($10^{-12}$ to $\sim$ 1 fm$^{-3}$), temperature (0.1 to 158.48 MeV), and proton fraction (0.01 to 0.60). The effects of $Λ$ hyperons on thermodynamic quantities such as free energy per baryon, pressure, or entropy per baryon are investigated and found to be significant at high densities. The cold, $β$-equilibrated EoS (with the crust included self-consistently) results in a 2.1 M$_{\odot}$ maximum mass neutron star for the np$Λϕ$ case, whereas that for the np$Λ$ case is 1.95 M$_{\odot}$. The np$Λϕ$ EoS represents the first supernova EoS table involving hyperons that is directly compatible with the recently measured 2 M$_{\odot}$ neutron stars.
description: 39 pages, 9 figures, 11 tables; matches published version, only minor additions and editorial changes
NJDEP Private Well Testing Act Rules, N.J.A.C. 7:9E
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection (NJDEP)
Year: 2002

description: This chapter governs activities conducted by laboratories certified under the NJDEP's Regulations Governing the Certification of Laboratories and Environmental Measurements at N.J.A.C. 7:18 for compliance with the Private Well Testing Act. Specifically, the chapter establishes water test parameters and requirements for the collection, analysis, and submittal of test results and establishes procedures and requirements for maintaining the confidentiality of any information submitted to the NJDEP or other government agencies pursuant to the Private WellTesting Act and this chapter.
New Index of Environmental Condition for Coastal Watersheds in the Great Lakes Basin
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Office of Research and Development, U.S. EPA ORD, National Center for Environmental Research (NCER)
Year: 2005

description: This document describes the environmental condition of coastal watersheds in the Great Lakes Basin. The Great Lakes is the largest system of surface freshwater on the earth. It contains about 20% of the earth's fresh waterand about 90% of the freshwater in the United States. The wealth of natural resources has made this area a center of economic activity for the United States. From mining, forestry, and agriculture to recreation and shipping, human activities have taken a toll on the natural environment. In response to the continued degradation of the Great Lakes, the United States and Canada signed the Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement in 1972. The goal of this agreement was 'restoring the chemical, physical and biological integrity of the waters of the Great Lakes Basin ecosystem' to achieve healthy populations of plants, fish, and wildlife and to protect human health. To monitor progress towards this goal, measurements of human-caused stress must be made over a period of time to evaluate changes in environmental condition.
Exact constraints and appropriate norms in machine learned exchange-correlation functionals
Creators: name: Pokharel, Kanun
name: Furness, James W.
name: Yao, Yi
name: Blum, Volker
name: Irons, Tom J. P.
name: Teale, Andrew M.
name: Sun, Jianwei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Machine learning techniques have received growing attention as an alternative strategy for developing general-purpose density functional approximations, augmenting the historically successful approach of human designed functionals derived to obey mathematical constraints known for the exact exchange-correlation functional. More recently efforts have been made to reconcile the two techniques, integrating machine learning and exact-constraint satisfaction. We continue this integrated approach, designing a deep neural network that exploits the exact constraint and appropriate norm philosophy to deorbitalize the strongly constrained and appropriately normed SCAN functional. The deep neural network is trained to replicate the SCAN functional from only electron density and local derivative information, avoiding use of the orbital dependent kinetic energy density. The performance and transferability of the machine learned functional are demonstrated for molecular and periodic systems.
Bayesian estimation of non-Gaussianity in pulsar timing analysis
Creators: name: Lentati, Lindley
name: Hobson, Michael P.
name: Alexander, Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a method for performing a robust Bayesian analysis of non-Gaussianity present in pulsar timing data, simultaneously with the pulsar timing model, and additional stochastic parameters such as those describing red spin noise and dispersion measure variations. The parameters used to define the presence of non-Gaussianity are zero for Gaussian processes, giving a simple method of defining the strength of non-Gaussian behaviour. We use simulations to show that assuming Gaussian statistics when the noise in the data is drawn from a non-Gaussian distribution can significantly increase the uncertainties associated with the pulsar timing model parameters. We then apply the method to the publicly available 15 year Parkes Pulsar Timing Array data release 1 dataset for the binary pulsar J0437$-$4715. In this analysis we present a significant detection of non-Gaussianity in the uncorrelated non-thermal noise, but we find that it does not yet impact the timing model or stochastic parameter estimates significantly compared to analysis performed assuming Gaussian statistics. The methods presented are, however, shown to be of immediate practical use for current European Pulsar Timing Array (EPTA) and International Pulsar Timing Array (IPTA) datasets.
description: 17 pages, 9 Figures
Isovector dipole-resonance structure within the effective surface approximation
Creators: name: Blocki, J. P.
name: Magner, A. G.
name: Ring, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nuclear isovector-dipole strength structure is analyzed in terms of the main and satellite (pygmy) peaks within the Fermi-liquid droplet model. Such a structure is sensitive to the value of the surface symmetry-energy constant obtained analytically for different Skyrme forces in the leptodermous effective surface approximation. Energies, sum rules and transition densities of the main and satellite peaks for specific Skyrme forces are qualitatively in agreement with the experimental data and other theoretical calculations.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures, 1 table
PSEG 2004 Annual Report
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: Public Service Enterprise Group (PSEG)
Year: 2005

description: This is the 2004 Annual Report by the Public Service Enterprise Group (PSEG), a publicly traded energy and energy services company headquartered in Newark, NJ. Its main subsidiaries are: Public Service Electric and Gas Company (PSEG), PSEG Power LLC, and PSEG Energy Holdings LLC. PSEG is a long-time industry leader in supporting responsible environmental policies, including uniform national emissions standards. They promote cleaner air through many initiatives and have worked to develop a corporate-wide greenhouse gas inventory. They also promote effective policies to conserve resources and minimize waste. Through PSEG's Estuary Enhancement Program, more than 20,000 acres of marsh and uplands have been preserved or restored in the Delaware Bay area since 1995. In 2004, PSEG won the Reliability One award for top electric-system reliability among Mid-Atlantic utilities. The report presents the 2004 Financial Highlights in a table.
Unearthing New Jersey Vol. 1 No. 2
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: New Jersey Geological Survey, NJDEP
Year: 2005

description: The New Jersey Geological Survey (NJGS) provides geoscience information to government agencies, consultants, industry, environmental groups and the public. The work of the Survey covers large regional issues of environmental concern and economic development, as well as smaller, educational studies. This issue includes a message from the State Geologist, Karl W. Muessig, a list of new NJGS publications, a geology crossword puzzle and the following  articles: The Geologic History of New Jersey's Landscape, New Jersey's Redesigned Ambient-Ground-Water-Quality Monitoring Network, Arsenic in the Piedmont Aquifers and What's on My Bloomin' Pyrite?
A model for the interaction of high-energy particles in straight and bent crystals implemented in Geant4
Creators: name: Bagli, E.
name: Asai, M.
name: Brandt, D.
name: Dotti, A.
name: Guidi, V.
name: Wright, D. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A model for the simulation of orientational effects in straight and bent periodic atomic structures is presented. The continuum potential approximation has been adopted.The model allows the manipulation of particle trajectories by means of straight and bent crystals and the scaling of the cross sections of hadronic and electromagnetic processes for channeled particles. Based on such a model, an extension of the Geant4 toolkit has been developed. The code has been validated against data from channeling experiments carried out at CERN.
Allegheny Woodrat, Neotoma magister
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection (NJDEP)
Year: 2006

description: This is a fact sheet given by the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection about the Allegheny Woodrat (Neotoma magister). It details the Allegheny Woodrat's identification, habitat, status and conservation. In this fact sheet, the Allegheny woodrat is compared to the Norway rat and is considered to be an endangered species on the state level and a candidate species on the federal level.
Superionicity and Polymorphism in Calcium Fluoride at High Pressure
Creators: name: Cazorla, Claudio
name: Errandonea, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a combined experimental and computational first-principles study of the superionic and structural properties of CaF2 at high P-T conditions. We observe an anomalous superionic behavior in the low-P fluorite phase that consists in a decrease of the normal-> superionic critical temperature with compression. This unexpected effect can be explained in terms of a P-induced softening of a zone-boundary $X$ phonon which involves exclusively fluorine displacements. Also we find that superionic conductivity is absent in the high-P cotunnite phase. Instead, superionicity develops in a new low-symmetry high-T phase that we identify as monoclinic (space group P2_1/c). We discuss the possibility of observing these intriguing phenomena in related isomorphic materials.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
One-loop quantum correction to the mass of the supersymmetric Kink in (1 + 1) dimensions using the exact spectra and the phase shifts
Creators: name: Charmchi, Farid
name: Gousheh, Siamak S.
name: Hosseini, Seyed Morteza
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the quantum correction to the mass of the kink at the one-loop level in (1+1) dimensions with minimal supersymmetry. In this paper we discuss this issue from the Casimir energy perspective using phase shifts along with the mode number cut-off regularization method. Exact solutions and in particular an exact expression for the phase shifts are already available for the bosonic sector. In this paper we derive analogous exact results for the fermionic sector. Most importantly, we derive a unique and exact expression for the fermionic phase shift, using the exact solutions for the continuum parts of the spectrum and a prescription we had introduced earlier. We use the strong and weak forms of the Levinson theorem merely for checking the consistency of our phase shifts and results, and not as an integral part of our procedure. Moreover, we find that the properties of the fermionic spectrum, including bound and continuum states, are independent of the magnitude of the Yukawa coupling constant $λ$, and that the dynamical mass generation occurs at the tree level. These are all due to SUSY and are in sharp contrast to analogous models without SUSY, such as the Jackiw-Rebbi model, where $λ$ is a free parameter. We use the renormalized perturbation theory and find the counterterm which is consistent with supersymmetry. We show that this procedure is sufficient to obtain the accepted value for the one-loop quantum correction to the mass of the SUSY kink which is $-\frac{m}{2π}$.
description: 15 pages, 3 figures, V2: Paper revised, references added, published version
Rethinking Bayesian Learning for Data Analysis: The Art of Prior and Inference in Sparsity-Aware Modeling
Creators: name: Cheng, Lei
name: Yin, Feng
name: Theodoridis, Sergios
name: Chatzis, Sotirios
name: Chang, Tsung-Hui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Sparse modeling for signal processing and machine learning has been at the focus of scientific research for over two decades. Among others, supervised sparsity-aware learning comprises two major paths paved by: a) discriminative methods and b) generative methods. The latter, more widely known as Bayesian methods, enable uncertainty evaluation w.r.t. the performed predictions. Furthermore, they can better exploit related prior information and naturally introduce robustness into the model, due to their unique capacity to marginalize out uncertainties related to the parameter estimates. Moreover, hyper-parameters associated with the adopted priors can be learnt via the training data. To implement sparsity-aware learning, the crucial point lies in the choice of the function regularizer for discriminative methods and the choice of the prior distribution for Bayesian learning. Over the last decade or so, due to the intense research on deep learning, emphasis has been put on discriminative techniques. However, a come back of Bayesian methods is taking place that sheds new light on the design of deep neural networks, which also establish firm links with Bayesian models and inspire new paths for unsupervised learning, such as Bayesian tensor decomposition. The goal of this article is two-fold. First, to review, in a unified way, some recent advances in incorporating sparsity-promoting priors into three highly popular data modeling tools, namely deep neural networks, Gaussian processes, and tensor decomposition. Second, to review their associated inference techniques from different aspects, including: evidence maximization via optimization and variational inference methods. Challenges such as small data dilemma, automatic model structure search, and natural prediction uncertainty evaluation are also discussed. Typical signal processing and machine learning tasks are demonstrated.
description: 64 pages, 16 figures, 6 tables, 98 references, submitted to IEEE Signal Processing Magazine
Predicted superconductivity and superionic state in the electride Li$_5$N under high pressure
Creators: name: Wan, Zhongyu
name: Zhang, Chao
name: Yang, Tianyi
name: Xu, Wenjun
name: Zhang, Ruiqin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, electrides have received increasing attention due to their multifunctional properties as superconducting, catalytic, insulating, and electrode materials, with potential to offer other performance and possess novel physical states. This work uncovers that Li$_5$N as an electride possess four novel physical states simultaneously: electride state, super-coordinated state, superconducting state, and superionic state. By obtaining high-pressure phase diagrams of the Li-N system at 150-350 GPa using a crystal structure search algorithm, we find that Li$_5$N can remain stable as P6/mmm structure and has a 14-fold super-coordination number, as verified by Bader charge and electron localization function analysis. Aditionally, we find that its superconducting transition temperature decreases continuously with increasing pressure, contrary to the behavior of most high-pressure superconducting materials. Its superconducting transition temperature reaches the highest among all known electride at 150 GPa (Tc = 48.97 K). Besides, Li$_5$N exhibits the superionic state at 3000 K, in which N atoms act like solid, while some Li atoms flow like liquid. The above results are further verified at a macroscopic level by using deep learning potential molecular dynamics simulations.
Comparative quantum and semi-classical analysis of Atom-Field Systems I: density of states and excited-state quantum phase transitions
Creators: name: Bastarrachea-Magnani, M. A.
name: Lerma-Hernandez, S.
name: Hirsch, J. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the non-integrable Dicke model, and its integrable approximation, the Tavis-Cummings model, as functions of both the coupling constant and the excitation energy. Excited-state quantum phase transitions (ESQPT) are found analyzing the density of states in the semi-classical limit and comparing it with numerical results for the quantum case in large Hilbert spaces, taking advantage of efficient methods recently developed. Two different ESQPTs are identified in both models, which are signaled as singularities in the semi-classical density of states, one {\em static} ESQPT occurs for any coupling, whereas a dynamic ESQPT is observed only in the superradiant phase. The role of the unstable fixed points of the Hamiltonian semi-classical flux in the occurrence of the ESQPTs is discussed and determined. Numerical evidence is provided that shows that the semi-classical result describes very well the tendency of the quantum energy spectrum for any coupling in both models. Therefore the semi-classical density of states can be used to study the statistical properties of the fluctuation in the spectra, a study that is presented in a companion paper.
Tier II Guidance Document for Non-Hazardous Waste Beneficial Use
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: Member States of the Six-State Memorandum of Understanding (MA, NJ, NY, PA, CA, IL) and VA
Year: 2000

description: This Tier II guidance document of the Technology Acceptance Reciprocity Partnership (TARP) provides vendors and the seven states with general guidance on testing and administrative procedures for obtaining comprehensive testing required in order to receive beneficial use determinations for a non-hazardous RCRA solid waste as a valuable material.
Analytic continuation of harmonic sums: dispersion representation
Creators: name: Velizhanin, V. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a simple representation for analytically continued nested harmonic sums for the arbitrary complex argument. This representation can be obtained for a wide range of nested harmonic sums from a precomputed database for the pole expressions of these sums near negative integers. We describe the procedure for the precise numerical evaluations of the corresponding results from the dispersion representation.
description: 12 pages, 3 ancillary files, typos corrected, links to GitHub added, references added
Multilingual Transformers for Product Matching -- Experiments and a New Benchmark in Polish
Creators: name: Możdżonek, Michał
name: Wróblewska, Anna
name: Tkachuk, Sergiy
name: Łukasik, Szymon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Product matching corresponds to the task of matching identical products across different data sources. It typically employs available product features which, apart from being multimodal, i.e., comprised of various data types, might be non-homogeneous and incomplete. The paper shows that pre-trained, multilingual Transformer models, after fine-tuning, are suitable for solving the product matching problem using textual features both in English and Polish languages. We tested multilingual mBERT and XLM-RoBERTa models in English on Web Data Commons - training dataset and gold standard for large-scale product matching. The obtained results show that these models perform similarly to the latest solutions tested on this set, and in some cases, the results were even better. Additionally, we prepared a new dataset entirely in Polish and based on offers in selected categories obtained from several online stores for the research purpose. It is the first open dataset for product matching tasks in Polish, which allows comparing the effectiveness of the pre-trained models. Thus, we also showed the baseline results obtained by the fine-tuned mBERT and XLM-RoBERTa models on the Polish datasets.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures
Water Resources Program, FY 2006-2012
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: The Delaware River Basin Commission (DRBC)
Year: 2005

description: The Delaware River Basin Commission (DRBC) 2006 Water Resources Program covers fiscal years (FY) 2006 through 2012 and is a strategic plan for the DRBC program direction over the next six years. The architecture is based on the Delaware River Basin Compact and the Key Result Areas of the Water Resources Plan for the Delaware River Basin (Basin Plan 2004), and includes references to relevant goals, objectives, and directives of those two documents.