cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Fast Response Oxygen Micro-Optodes Based on Novel Soluble Ormosil Glasses
Creators: name: Klimant, Ingo
name: Ruckruh, Falk
name: Liebsch, Gregor
name: Stangelmayer, Achim
name: Wolfbeis, Otto S.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: micro-optode; ormosil; luminescence decay time; oxygen sensing
subject: 540 Chemie

description: A new type of phenyl substituted ormosils as a matrix for oxygen-sensitive micro-optodes is described. The new ormosils combine features of classical polymers such as solubility in organic solvents and those of sol–gel glasses such as mechanical stability and a porous structure. They make possible a simple and fast fabrication of microsensors with reproducible properties. The influence of the conditions during the polymerisation process (precursor composition and thermal treatment) on the sensing properties has been studied in detail. Oxygen-sensitive films with ruthenium(II)–tris-(4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline) and platinum(II)–octaethylporphyrin as indicators were characterised with respect to their mechanical and photophysical properties. Photostability, oxygen sensitivity, response behaviour and signal intensities of the sensing films and the micro-optodes were examined. Micro-optodes based on the new sensing materials are fast responding, photostable and can be produced with a sufficient batch to batch reproducibility. Compared to previously described oxygen micro-optodes, where polystyrene was used as immobilisation matrix, the new sensors can be autoclaved and show favourable properties such as a faster response and a higher sensitivity. They possess many potential applications in medical and biological research.
The Relationship Between Mindfulness, Depression, Anxiety, and Quality of Life in Individuals With Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders
Creators: name: Bergmann, Niklas
name: Hahn, Eric
name: Hahne, Inge
name: Zierhut, Marco
name: Ta, Thi Minh Tam
name: Bajbouj, Malek
name: Pijnenborg, Geradina Henrika Maria
name: Böge, Kerem
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: mindfulness
subject: psychosis
subject: schizophrenia spectrum disorders
subject: depression
subject: anxiety
subject: quality of life
subject: mediation
subject: transdiagnostic
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Background: Schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD) are frequently accompanied by comorbid depressive and anxiety symptoms, as well as impaired quality of life (QoL). A growing body of evidence has demonstrated the relevance of mindfulness for SSD in recent years. The study examined the association between mindfulness, depression, anxiety, and QoL. Materials and Methods: A total of 83 participants with SSD were recruited at the in- and outpatient psychiatric hospital care. Participants completed the Southampton Mindfulness Questionnaire, Comprehensive Inventory for Mindful Experiences, and Freiburger Mindfulness Inventory, the Depression, Anxiety, Stress Scale to assess depression and anxiety, and the WHO-QoL Questionnaire. Multiple regression analyses examined the relationship between mindfulness and QoL and the mediating role of depression and anxiety. Results: Mindfulness had a significant statistical positive effect on QoL domains physical health, psychological, and environmental QoL in patients with SSD. Depression was identified as a significant mediator of this relationship. Conclusion: This study provides novel insight into mindfulness' mechanisms and paves the way for a process-oriented approach to treat SSD. The results provide first evidence for the process-based value of mindfulness for SSD; future studies can focus on the role of mindfulness for central therapeutic processes of change by employing longitudinal designs.
Influence of Gender on Occurrence of Aseptic Loosening and Recurrent PJI after Revision Total Knee Arthroplasty
Creators: name: Kienzle, Arne
name: Walter, Sandy
name: Palmowski, Yannick
name: Kirschbaum, Stephanie
name: Biedermann, Lara
name: Roth, Philipp Von
name: Perka, Carsten
name: Müller, Michael
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: aseptic loosening
subject: periprosthetic joint infection
subject: knee arthroplasty
subject: revision arthroplasty
subject: sex differences
subject: gender differences
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Background: Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) is a common yet severe complication after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Surgical intervention and antibiotic therapy are obligatory to achieve successful, infection-free outcome. Compared to the outcomes after primary TKA, prosthesis failure rates are drastically increased after PJI-dependent revision surgery. Recurrent PJI and aseptic loosening are the most common reasons for prosthesis failure after revision TKA. An open question is the influence of the patients’ gender on long-term prosthesis survival after revision surgery. Additionally, it is unknown whether gender-related parameters and risk factors or differences in treatment are responsible for potential differences in outcome after revision arthroplasty. Patients and Methods: In this report, 109 patients that received TKA revision surgery due to PJI were retrospectively analyzed. We used clinical, paraclinical and radiological examinations to study the influence of gender on the long-term complications aseptic loosening and recurrent PJI after PJI-dependent revision arthroplasty. Results: While overall prosthesis failure rates and risk of recurrent PJI did not differ between genders, the long-term risk of aseptic loosening was significantly elevated in female patients. Postoperative coronal alignment was significantly more varus for women later diagnosed with aseptic loosening. Besides coronal alignment, no gender-dependent differences in clinical presentation or treatment were observed. Conclusions: Female patients displayed a significantly increased risk for aseptic loosening after PJI-dependent revision TKA. The observed gender-dependent differences in long-term outcome in our study support theories surrounding the role of bone metabolism in the development of aseptic loosening. Our data suggest that further research on a female design for PJI-dependent revision prostheses is warranted.
Clinical and Patient-Related Outcome After Stabilization of Dorsal Pelvic Ring Fractures: A Retrospective Study Comparing Transiliac Fixator (TIFI) and Spinopelvic Fixation (SPF)
Creators: name: Seemann, Ricarda Johanna
name: Hempel, Erik
name: Rußow, Gabriele
name: Tsitsilonis, Serafeim
name: Stöckle, Ulrich
name: Märdian, Sven
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: dorsal pelvic ring fractures
subject: transiliac fixator
subject: spinopelvic fixation
subject: outcome
subject: PROMS
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Purpose: Aim of this retrospective cohort study was the comparison of the transiliac fixator (TIFI) and spinopelvic fixation (SPF) for fixation of dorsal pelvic ring fractures in terms of clinical outcome, complications, and quality of life. Methods: Thirty-eight patients (23 men, 15 women; mean age 47 ± 19 years) with dorsal pelvic ring fractures (type-C-injuries after AO/OTA) that have been stabilized by either TIFI (group TIFI, n = 22) or SPF (group SPF, n = 16) between May 2015 and December 2018 were retrospectively reviewed. Outcome measurements included demographic data, perioperative parameters, and complications and were obtained from the medical information system. Quality of life was assessed using the German version of the short form 36 (SF-36) and short muskuloskeletal function assessment (SMFA-D). Clinical results were assessed using Merle d'Aubigne-Score, Iowa Pelvic Score, and Majeed Pelvic Score. Results: Both groups show relatively good post-operative results, which has previously been reported. Quality of life was comparable in both groups. Group TIFI was slightly superior regarding complication rates, cutting/suture time, and fluoroscopy time. Group SPF seemed to be superior regarding pain and pelvic scores. Conclusion: None of the methods could demonstrate significant superiority over the other. Management of pelvic injuries remains a highly individual challenge adapted to the individual patients' condition. Nevertheless, if fractures allow for stabilization with TIFI, the use of this method should be taken into consideration as a less invasive and more tissue-conserving approach.
Acceleration of primary and secondary particles in galaxy clusters by compressible MHD turbulence: from radio halos to gamma rays
Creators: name: Brunetti, G.
name: Lazarian, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Radio observations discovered large scale non thermal sources in the central Mpc regions of dynamically disturbed galaxy clusters (radio halos). The morphological and spectral properties of these sources suggest that the emitting electrons are accelerated by spatially distributed and gentle mechanisms, providing some indirect evidence for turbulent acceleration in the inter-galactic-medium (IGM). Only deep upper limits to the energy associated with relativistic protons in the IGM have been recently obtained through gamma and radio observations. Yet these protons should be (theoretically) the main non-thermal particle component in the IGM implying the unavoidable production, at some level, of secondary particles that may have a deep impact on the gamma ray and radio properties of galaxy clysters. Following Brunetti and Lazarian (2007), in this paper we consider the advances in the theory of MHD turbulence to develop a comprehensive picture of turbulence in the IGM and extend our previous calculations of particle acceleration by compressible MHD turbulence by considering self-consistently the reacceleration of both primary and secondary particles. Under these conditions we expect that radio to gamma ray emission is generated from galaxy clusters with a complex spectrum that depends on the dynamics of the thermal gas and Dark Matter. The non-thermal emission results in very good agreement with radio observations and with present constraints from hard X-ray and gamma ray observations. In our model giant radio halos are generated in merging (turbulent) clusters only. However, in case secondaries dominate the electron component in the IGM, we expect that the level of the Mpc-scale synchrotron emission in more relaxed clusters is already close to that of the radio upper limits derived by present observations of clusters without radio halos.
description: 18 pages, 7 figures, MNRAS in press
Improved Spectroscopy of Minimal Walking Technicolor
Creators: name: Kerrane, Eoin
name: Del Debbio, Luigi
name: Pica, Claudio
name: Rago, Antonio
name: Patella, Agostino
name: Lucini, Biagio
name: Bursa, Francis
name: Pickup, Thomas
name: Henty, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an improved study of spectroscopic observables in the $SU(2)$ Yang-Mills theory with two adjoint fermions. We make an improvement on the precision of previous results which clarify the scale of finite volume effects present. This analysis adds to the evidence for near-conformal dynamics of this theory, while indicating a preference for a low anomalous mass dimension of the massless theory.
description: The XXVIII International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory, Lattice2010, June 14-19, 2010, Villasimius, Italy
The BI'LF4 trans-activator of Epstein-Barr virus is modulated by type and differentiation of the host cell
Creators: name: Marschall, M.
name: Schwarzmann, F.
name: Leser, U.
name: Oker, B.
name: Alliger, P.
name: Mairhofer, H.
name: Wolf, Hans J.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1991
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin
subject: Animals
subject: Blotting, Western
subject: Cell Differentiation
subject: Cell Line
subject: Cell Nucleus/metabolism
subject: Chloramphenicol O-Acetyltransferase/genetics
subject: Cloning, Molecular
subject: Fluorescent Antibody Technique
subject: Gene Expression Regulation, Viral
subject: Genes, Viral
subject: Hela Cells/cytology
subject: Hepatitis B Surface Antigens/genetics
subject: Herpesvirus 4, Human/genetics
subject: Humans
subject: Mice
subject: Reading Frames
subject: Recombinant Fusion Proteins/metabolism
subject: Restriction Mapping
subject: Teratoma
subject: Trans-Activators/genetics

description: We have analyzed the activity and regulated expression of a new Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) trans-activator (I'ta) encoded by left reading frame 4 (BI'LF4) of the BamHI I'fragment. The gene was detected in all genomes of established EBV strains and individual isolates, with the exception of B95-8, where the type-specific deletion of this open reading frame is tolerated in vitro. Specific trans-activation of two EBV promoters (early MS and I'ta promoter) could be shown in cotransfection assays. The I'ta product affected autoactivation but had no influence on heterologous target promoters. The I'ta promoter segment was shown to be costimulated in the process of host cell differentiation in the absence of other EBV gene products. Expression of the reading frame in bacteria identified a 48-kDa protein as a stable gene product. I'ta-specific antibodies were detected in sera from EBV-positive persons (nasopharyngeal carcinoma). When expressed with suitable eucaryotic vectors, a nuclear protein could be immunostained in transfected cells. Our experiments suggest a cell type-specific requirement for I'ta in the lytic cycle of EBV at a determined differentiation stage of the host cell.
Une brève introduction à la matière molle
Creators: name: Cousin, Fabrice
name: Grillo, Isabelle
name: Jestin, Jacques
name: Oberdisse, Julian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A short introduction to soft condensed matter (polymers, colloids, surfactants) is presented, with particular emphasis to recent progres and applications of small angle scattering. The text is in French.
Demonstration of Epstein-Barr virus DNA in a previously healthy boy with fulminant hepatic failure
Creators: name: Deutsch, J.
name: Wolf, Hans J.
name: Becker, H.
name: Fuchs, B.
name: Goriup, U.
name: Grubbauer, H. M.
name: Muntean, W.
name: Popow-Kraupp, T.
name: Stünzner, D.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1986
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin
subject: Child
subject: DNA, Viral/analysis
subject: Herpesvirus 4, Human/isolation & purification
subject: Humans
subject: Infectious Mononucleosis/complications
subject: Liver/pathology
subject: Liver Diseases/pathology
subject: Male

description: A previously healthy 9-year-old boy died from acute liver failure during an acute Epstein-Barr virus infection. Epstein-Barr virus DNA could be demonstrated in the liver by Southern blot--and by in situ hybridization techniques. The identification of the virus in the liver suggests a causal relation between the Epstein-Barr virus and the acute massive liver cell necrosis.
Latitude of Ephemeral Regions as Indicator of Strength of Solar Cycles
Creators: name: Tlatov, Andrey G.
name: Pevtsov, Alexei A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Digitized images of full disk CaK spectroheliograms from two solar observatories were used to study cycle variation of ephemeral regions (ERs) over ten solar cycles 14-23. We calculate monthly averaged unsigned latitude of ERs and compare it with annual sunspot number. We find that average latitude of ERs can be used as a predictor for strength of solar cycle. For a short-term prediction (dT about 1-2 years), maximum latitude of ephemeral regions (in current cycle) defines the amplitude of that cycle (higher is the latitude of ERs, larger are the amplitudes of sunspot cycle). For a long-term prediction (dT about 1.5 solar cycles), latitude of ERs at declining phase of n-th cycle determines the amplitude of (n+2)-th sunspot cycle (lower is the latitude of ERs, stronger is the cycle). Using this latter dependency, we forecast the amplitude of sunspot cycle 24 at W=92 +/- 13 (in units of annual sunspot number).
description: Memorie della Societ\`a Astronomica Italiana, in press
Quantitative and qualitative assessment of aortic structure and function, and elastic fiber ultrastructure in the mouse model of Marfan syndrome
Creators: name: Cui, Zhe (Jason)
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Marfan syndrome (MFS) is a connective tissue disorder caused by mutations in the fibrillin-1 gene, with aortic aneurysm considered as the most life-threatening complication. Previous studies have shown that doxycycline, a general inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), can improve aortic contractility and elastin structure in the mouse model of MFS. However, the longitudinal effects of MMPs inhibition on the gradual progression of aneurysm and aortic wall biophysical properties in a live animal have not yet been investigated. Therefore, we assessed the hypothesis that a long-term treatment with doxycycline would delay the progression of aortic aneurysm, improve aortic wall elasticity, and protect the ultrastructure of elastin in MFS mice. In this study, non-invasive and label-free multiphoton microscopy imaging was used to quantify fiber morphology and volumetric density of aortic and cutaneous elastin and collagen in MFS mice. We also utilized non-invasive high-resolution echocardiography to conduct a longitudinal in vivo study of the structural, functional, and biophysical properties of the aortic wall in control and MFS mice in the absence and presence of doxycycline treatment. The ultrastructure of aortic elastic fibers was also assessed by electron microscopy. Multiphoton imaging revealed significant elastin fragmentation and disorganization within the aortic wall of MFS mice, which was also associated with reduction in cutaneous volumetric density of elastin and collagen. Ultrasound imaging showed that aortic pulse wave velocity (PWV) was significantly elevated in MFS mice starting at the age of 6-month-old, which was associated with a distinct increase in aortic root dimeter in the regions of aortic annulus and sinus of Valsalva. Long-term treatment with doxycycline resulted in a significant improvement in elastin organization, reduction of aortic root growth and aortic PWV in MFS mice. These findings underscore the key role of MMPs in the pathogenesis, and provide new insights into the potential therapeutic value of doxycycline in blocking MFS-associated aneurysm. Furthermore, the use of multiphoton imaging to detect the signs of elastin degradation in the skin dermis may be considered as the first step towards the potential development of a non-invasive approach for monitoring the aneurysm progression in MFS patients.
Mental Health and Integration: A Qualitative Study on the Struggles of Recently Arrived Refugees in Germany
Creators: name: Walther, Lena
name: Rayes, Diana
name: Amann, Julia
name: Flick, Uwe
name: Ta, Thi Minh Tam
name: Hahn, Eric
name: Bajbouj, Malek
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: refugees
subject: asylum seekers
subject: migration
subject: mental health
subject: well-being
subject: integration
subject: qualitative study
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Introduction: Forcibly displaced people are at particular risk of mental health problems and also face specific integration challenges upon resettlement. Existing literature suggests that there may be a bidirectional relationship between mental health and integration. The present study seeks to understand the relationship between integration processes and mental health problems or significant negative emotional experiences among adult refugees in Germany. Method: Applying a qualitative approach, we conducted 54 semi-structured interviews with refugees and asylum seekers who arrived in Germany between 2013 and 2018 currently residing in Berlin, Leipzig, or the Duisburg area in North Rhine-Westphalia. Data was collected between December 2018 and September 2019. We analyzed transcripts inductively using thematic analysis. Results: Five themes covering the various links between integration and mental health problems or significant negative emotional experiences were identified. First, we found that the mental health consequences of past adverse experiences, as well as ongoing worries about those left behind in the homeland, can seriously impede refugees' ability to pursue activities key to integration. Second, the process of applying for and securing asylum can result in uncertainty and fear, which, in turn, burden the individual and may impact motivation for integration. Third, many of our participants described mental health ramifications related to feeling stuck and thwarted in the pursuit of building a life, especially in securing employment. Fourth, some participants described feeling so overwhelmed by fundamental tasks throughout the integration process, namely, language learning and bureaucratic processes, that these take a psychological toll. Fifth, we identified several forms of social disconnection between refugees and members of the host community due to xenophobia, social and cultural differences, physical and emotional isolation in refugee camps, as well as with co-nationals and fellow refugees. Negative emotions, mistrust, and socio-cultural differences that emerge throughout the integration processes seem to erode social cohesion among refugee communities, potentially further threatening mental health. Conclusion: Mental health problems and integration processes appear to be closely related across different areas of integration. Innovative solutions to challenges identified by members of the refugee community in Germany stand to benefit mental health and integration outcomes simultaneously.
Community Engagement - The Harms of Drug Prohibition: Ongoing Resistance in Vancouver’s Downtown Eastside
Creators: name: Boyd, Susan
name: MacPherson, Donald
name: Network Of Drug Users, Vancouver Area
Publisher: name: BC Studies: The British Columbian Quarterly
Year: 2019

description: Community Engagement - The Harms of Drug Prohibition: Ongoing Resistance in Vancouver’s Downtown Eastside
description: BC Studies: The British Columbian Quarterly, No 200: Winter 2018/19
Effects of 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine on Barrier Properties of Rat Large Intestine and IPEC-J2 Cells
Creators: name: Bekusova, Viktoria
name: Droessler, Linda
name: Amasheh, Salah
name: Markov, Alexander G.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: colorectal cancer
subject: 1,2-dimethylhydrazine
subject: transepithelial electrical resistance
subject: barrier properties
subject: tight junction proteins
subject: IPEC-J2
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::616 Krankheiten

description: Colon cancer is accompanied by a decrease of epithelial barrier properties, which are determined by tight junction (TJ) proteins between adjacent epithelial cells. The aim of the current study was to analyze the expression of TJ proteins in a rat model of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH)-induced colorectal cancer, as well as the barrier properties and TJ protein expression of IPEC-J2 cell monolayers after incubation with DMH. Transepithelial electrical resistance and paracellular permeability for sodium fluorescein of IPEC-J2 were examined by an epithelial volt/ohm meter and spectrophotometry. The expression and localization of TJ proteins were analyzed by immunoblotting and immunohistochemistry. In the colonic tumors of rats with DMH-induced carcinogenesis, the expression of claudin-3 and -4 was significantly increased compared to controls. The transepithelial electrical resistance of IPEC-J2 cells increased, while paracellular permeability for sodium fluorescein decreased, accompanied by an increased expression of claudin-4. The increase of claudin-4 in rat colon after chronic DMH exposure was consistent with the acute effect of DMH on IPEC-J2 cells, which may indicate an essential role of this protein in colorectal cancer development.
Excerpt - The Killing Fields, 1997: 1,000 Crosses*
Creators: name: Boyd, Susan
name: MacPherson, Donald
name: Osborn, Bud
Publisher: name: BC Studies: The British Columbian Quarterly
Year: 2019

description: Excerpt The Killing Fields, 1997: 1,000 Crosses*
description: BC Studies: The British Columbian Quarterly, No 200: Winter 2018/19
Haemorrhagic ulcerative duodenitis in a patient with COVID-19 infection: clinical improvement following treatment with budesonide
Creators: name: Awwad, Ibrahim
name: Greuel, Selina
name: Tacke, Frank
name: Fischer, Christian
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: bleeding
subject: COVID-19
subject: duodenal mucosa
subject: duodenal ulcer
subject: intestinal tract
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: We present a case of a male patient in his mid-30s with COVID-19-induced lung failure requiring extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, who needed an emergency oesophagogastroduodenoscopy due to major upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Endoscopy exposed severe ulcerative duodenitis with diffuse mucosal bleeding. While CT angiography did not show any signs of ischaemia, histopathology revealed duodenitis with substantial inflammatory cell infiltrates consisting of neutrophils and CD3(+) T lymphocytes with equal CD4(+)/CD8(+) distribution. Since the composition of cell infiltrates coincides with changes in inflammatory patterns of the respiratory mucosa from patients with COVID-19 and in COVID-19-associated enterocolitis, and systemic dexamethasone treatment became standard of care in ventilated intensive care unit patients with COVID-19 infection, we initiated an individualised therapeutic attempt to treat the duodenitis with topical enteral budesonide. Follow-up oesophagogastroduodenoscopies within 4 weeks of enteral budesonide administration revealed a full clinical and histological healing of the duodenal mucosa with marked reduction of neutrophilic and lymphocytic infiltrates. To our knowledge, the current report is the first description of enteral budesonide treatment of duodenitis in a patient with COVID-19 infection and warrants further investigation, whether budesonide might constitute a novel therapeutic strategy for the management of COVID-19-related intestinal mucosal damage.
Electrical Control of Alkanethiols Self-Assembly on a Gold Surface as an Approach for Preparation of Microelectrode Arrays
Creators: name: Riepl, Michael
name: Mirsky, Vladimir M.
name: Wolfbeis, Otto S.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: self-assembly; electrical control; electrode capacitance; addressable immobilization - (bio)sensor array
subject: 540 Chemie

description: It is shown by capacitive monitoring that the self-assembly of alkanethiols on gold electrodes and desorption of these self-assembled monolayers from the electrodes are controlled by the electrode potential. At neutral pH, chemical adsorption of alkanethiols was observed at an electrode potential of +300 mV vs SCE, but only physical adsorption was detected when the electrode potential was −1400 mV vs SCE. At electrode potentials between these values (−300 mV, −600 mV), chemical adsorption of alkanethiols occurred, but the alkanethiol monolayers were not stable in the absence of the alkanethiol in the bulk solution and were desorbed from the gold electrode. The desorption rate was higher at more negative electrode potentials. These results can be used in designing methods for electrically addressable immobilization of different receptors on (micro)electrode arrays. This has been demonstrated by deposition of two different types of alkanethiols onto a two-electrode array.
Angulin-1 (LSR) Affects Paracellular Water Transport, However Only in Tight Epithelial Cells
Creators: name: Ayala-Torres, Carlos
name: Krug, Susanne M.
name: Rosenthal, Rita
name: Fromm, Michael
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: angulin-1
subject: LSR
subject: tricellulin
subject: tricellular tight junction
subject: paracellular water transport
subject: tight epithelium
subject: MDCK C7 cells
subject: intermediate-tight epithelium
subject: HT-29/B6 cells
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Water transport in epithelia occurs transcellularly (aquaporins) and paracellularly (claudin-2, claudin-15). Recently, we showed that downregulated tricellulin, a protein of the tricellular tight junction (tTJ, the site where three epithelial cells meet), increased transepithelial water flux. We now check the hypothesis that another tTJ-associated protein, angulin-1 (alias lipolysis-stimulated lipoprotein receptor, LSR) is a direct negative actuator of tTJ water permeability depending on the tightness of the epithelium. For this, a tight and an intermediate-tight epithelial cell line, MDCK C7 and HT-29/B6, were stably transfected with CRISPR/Cas9 and single-guide RNA targeting angulin-1 and morphologically and functionally characterized. Water flux induced by an osmotic gradient using 4-kDa dextran caused water flux to increase in angulin-1 KO clones in MDCK C7 cells, but not in HT-29/B6 cells. In addition, we found that water permeability in HT-29/B6 cells was not modified after either angulin-1 knockout or tricellulin knockdown, which may be related to the presence of other pathways, which reduce the impact of the tTJ pathway. In conclusion, modulation of the tTJ by knockout or knockdown of tTJ proteins affects ion and macromolecule permeability in tight and intermediate-tight epithelial cell lines, while the transepithelial water permeability was affected only in tight cell lines.
Fiber Optic Ion-Microsensors Based on Luminescence Lifetime
Creators: name: Werner, Tobias
name: Klimant, Ingo
name: Huber, Christian
name: Krause, Christian
name: Wolfbeis, Otto S.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: microsensor; energy transfer; luminescence decay time; ion sensor
subject: 540 Chemie

description: Fiber optic ion-microsensors based on luminescence decay time have been developed for chloride and potassium. The fiber tip coatings consist of the respective ion-selective lipophilic ion carrier, plasticized PVC, and the ruthenium(II) tris-4,4′-diphenyl-2,2′-bipyridyl ion-pair with Bromothymol Blue [Ru(dibipy)3(BTB)2] as a proton donor. The efficacy of radiationless fluorescence energy transfer from the donor (the ruthenium complex) to the acceptor (BTB) is mediated by the ion concentration within the samples. The chloride response is based on the co-extraction of chloride along with protons from the aqueous sample into a plastiziced PVC membrane, whereas in the presence of potassium ions in the sample, the neutral BTB becomes deprotonated on extraction of potassium ions, with the release of protons. Both processes result in a change in BTB absorbance. The absorption band of deprotonated BTB overlaps significantly with the emission band of the ruthenium complex, allowing radiationless energy transfer to take place.
Differences Between Omnivores and Vegetarians in Personality Profiles, Values, and Empathy: A Systematic Review
Creators: name: Holler, Sophie
name: Cramer, Holger
name: Liebscher, Daniela
name: Jeitler, Michael
name: Schumann, Dania
name: Murthy, Vijayendra
name: Michalsen, Andreas
name: Kessler, Christian S.
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: vegetarian
subject: plant-based
subject: omnivore
subject: diet
subject: personality
subject: values
subject: empathy
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Numerous medical studies have documented vegetarian diets as having various health benefits. Studies have also compared vegetarians with other dietary groups from a socio-psychological perspective. The objective of this review is to investigate the differences between vegetarians and omnivores in terms of their personality profiles, values, and empathy skills. A search was conducted across three electronic databases. Non-randomized, observational, cross-sectional, and cohort studies were eligible. Outcomes provided information about the differences between the above-mentioned dietary groups regarding their personality profiles, values, and empathy skills. A shortened version of the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used to assess the risk of bias for the included studies. Of the 2,513 different studies found, 25 (total number of participants n = 23,589) were ultimately included. These studies indicate that vegetarians significantly differ from omnivores in their personalities, values, and ability to be empathetic. Omnivorism is associated with an increased orientation toward social dominance, greater right-wing authoritarianism, and, in line with this, a stronger tendency to be prejudiced. Vegetarianism is associated with greater openness and empathy. The values of vegetarians are based more on universalism, hedonism, stimulation, and self-direction, whereas the values of omnivores are based more on the idea of power. To answer a narrowly defined and clear question, issues such as animal ethics, animal rights, and environmental protection are not considered in this review. The findings of this review, showing marked differences in personality correlating to the choice of diet and the increasing influence of plant-based diets on a global level, indicate that further studies about vegetarianism are warranted.
Epstein-Barr Virus Infektionen. Neue Aspekte zur Pathogenese und Klinik ( = Epstein-Barr virus infections. New pathogenic and clinical aspects)
Creators: name: Wilmes, E.
name: Wolf, Hans J.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1989
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin
subject: Burkitt Lymphoma/microbiology
subject: Herpesvirus 4, Human/physiology
subject: Humans
subject: Infectious Mononucleosis/microbiology
subject: Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms/microbiology
subject: Tumor Virus Infections/microbiology
subject: Virus Replication

description: The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is among the most widespread of human viruses. It causes several different diseases, such as acute infectious mononucleosis (IM), chronic active EBV-infection (cEBV), the x-linked lymphoproliferative syndrome (XLP), polyclonal and oligoclonal lymphomae in connection with immunologic disorders, as well as African Burkitt's lymphoma and nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Pathogenesis, clinical features and diagnosis are discussed. In this connection, special tests on the latency and multiplication of the Epstein-Barr virus are presented. --The Epstein-Barr virus persists in the parotid gland of healthy individuals and is secreted via saliva. It is transmitted by direct contact and responsible for infectious mononucleosis. For the first time we succeeded in proving the multiplication of the virus in the palatine tonsil during acute phase of infectious mononucleosis.
The COP9 Signalosome Variant CSNCSN7A Stabilizes the Deubiquitylating Enzyme CYLD Impeding Hepatic Steatosis
Creators: name: Huang, Xiaohua
name: Dubiel, Dawadschargal
name: Dubiel, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: hepatic steatosis
subject: COP9 signalosome
subject: CSN7A
subject: CSN7B
subject: CYLD
subject: siRNA
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Hepatic steatosis is a consequence of distorted lipid storage and plays a vital role in the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This study aimed to explore the role of the COP9 signalosome (CSN) in the development of hepatic steatosis and its interplay with the deubiquitylating enzyme (DUB) cylindromatosis (CYLD). CSN occurs as CSNCSN7A and CSNCSN7B variants regulating the ubiquitin proteasome system. It is a deneddylating complex and associates with other DUBs. CYLD cleaves Lys63-ubiquitin chains, regulating a signal cascade that mitigates hepatic steatosis. CSN subunits CSN1 and CSN7B, as well as CYLD, were downregulated with specific siRNA in HepG2 cells and human primary hepatocytes. The same cells were transfected with Flag-CSN7A or Flag-CSN7B for pulldowns. Hepatic steatosis in cell culture was induced by palmitic acid (PA). Downregulation of CSN subunits led to reduced PPAR-γ expression. Flag-pulldowns in both LiSa-2 and HepG2 cells and human primary hepatocytes revealed binding of CYLD preferentially to CSNCSN7A. This was influenced by PA treatment. Silencing of CSNCSN7B blocked lipid droplet formation caused a compensatory increase of CSNCSN7A stabilizing CYLD. Our results demonstrate that CSNCSN7A-mediated CYLD stabilization impedes hepatic steatosis. Therefore, stabilizing CSNCSN7A-CYLD interaction might be a strategy to retard hepatic steatosis.
The Algol triple system spatially resolved at optical wavelengths
Creators: name: Zavala, R. T.
name: Hummel, C. A.
name: Boboltz, D. A.
name: Ojha, R.
name: Shaffer, D. B.
name: Tycner, C.
name: Richards, M. T.
name: Hutter, D. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Interacting binaries typically have separations in the milli-arcsecond regime and hence it has been challenging to resolve them at any wavelength. However, recent advances in optical interferometry have improved our ability to discern the components in these systems and have now enabled the direct determination of physical parameters. We used the Navy Prototype Optical Interferometer to produce for the first time images resolving all three components in the well-known Algol triple system. Specifically, we have separated the tertiary component from the binary and simultaneously resolved the eclipsing binary pair, which represents the nearest and brightest eclipsing binary in the sky. We present revised orbital elements for the triple system, and we have rectified the 180-degree ambiguity in the position angle of Algol C. Our directly determined magnitude differences and masses for this triple star system are consistent with earlier light curve modeling results.
description: Accepted to Astrophysical Journal Letters, 15 pages, 2 eps figures.
Costs for Statutorily Insured Dental Services in Older Germans 2012–2017
Creators: name: Krasowski, Aleksander
name: Krois, Joachim
name: Paris, Sebastian
name: Kuhlmey, Adelheid
name: Meyer-Lueckel, Hendrik
name: Schwendicke, Falk
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: access
subject: costs
subject: geriatrics
subject: gerodontology
subject: health services research
subject: health economics
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Objectives: We assessed the costs of dental services in statutorily insured, very old (geriatric) Germans. Methods: A comprehensive sample of very old (≥75 years) people insured at a large Northeastern statutory insurer was followed over 6 years (2012–2017). We assessed dental services costs for: (1) examination, assessments and advice, (2) operative, (3) surgical, (4) prosthetic, (5) periodontal, (6) preventive and (7) outreach services. Association of utilization with: (1) sex, (2) age, (3) region, (4) social hardship status, (5) International Disease Classification (ICD-10) diagnoses and (6) Diagnoses Related Groups (DRGs) was explored. Results: 404,610 individuals with a mean (standard deviation, SD) age 81.9 (5.4 years) were followed, 173,733 did not survive follow-up. Total mean costs were 129.61 (310.97) euro per capita; the highest costs were for prosthetic (54.40, SD 242.89 euro) and operative services (28.40, SD 68.38 euro), examination/advice (21.15, SD 28.77 euro), prevention (13.31, SD 49.79 euro), surgery (5.91, SD 23.91 euro), outreach (4.81, SD 28.56 euro) and periodontal services (1.64, SD 7.39 euro). The introduction of new fee items for outreach and preventive services between 2012 and 2017 was reflected in costs. Total costs decreased with increasing age, and this was also found for all service blocks except outreach and preventive services. Costs were higher in those with social hardship status, and in Berlin than Brandenburg and Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. Certain general health conditions were associated with increased or decreased costs. Conclusions: Costs were associated with sex, social hardship status, place of living and general health conditions. Clinical significance: Dental services costs for the elderly in Germany are unequally distributed and, up to a certain age or health status, generated by invasive interventions mainly. Policy makers should incentivize preventive services earlier on and aim to distribute expenses more equally.
Improving the precision of classification trees
Creators: name: Loh, Wei-Yin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Besides serving as prediction models, classification trees are useful for finding important predictor variables and identifying interesting subgroups in the data. These functions can be compromised by weak split selection algorithms that have variable selection biases or that fail to search beyond local main effects at each node of the tree. The resulting models may include many irrelevant variables or select too few of the important ones. Either eventuality can lead to erroneous conclusions. Four techniques to improve the precision of the models are proposed and their effectiveness compared with that of other algorithms, including tree ensembles, on real and simulated data sets.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/09-AOAS260 the Annals of Applied Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aoas/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Anticancer Activity and Mechanisms of Action of New Chimeric EGFR/HDAC-Inhibitors
Creators: name: Goehringer, Nils
name: Biersack, Bernhard
name: Peng, Yayi
name: Schobert, Rainer
name: Herling, Marco
name: Ma, Andi
name: Nitzsche, Bianca
name: Höpfner, Michael
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: chimeric inhibitor
subject: anticancer drugs
subject: solid cancer
subject: epidermal growth factor (EGFR)
subject: histone deacetylase (HDAC)
subject: anti-angiogenesis
subject: prostate cancer
subject: hepatoma
subject: leukemia
subject: lymphoma
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: New chimeric inhibitors targeting the epidermal growth factor (EGFR) and histone deacetylases (HDACs) were synthesized and tested for antineoplastic efficiency in solid cancer (prostate and hepatocellular carcinoma) and leukemia/lymphoma cell models. The most promising compounds, 3BrQuin-SAHA and 3ClQuin-SAHA, showed strong inhibition of tumor cell growth at one-digit micromolar concentrations with IC50 values similar to or lower than those of clinically established reference compounds SAHA and gefitinib. Target-specific EGFR and HDAC inhibition was demonstrated in cell-free kinase assays and Western blot analyses, while unspecific cytotoxic effects could not be observed in LDH release measurements. Proapoptotic formation of reactive oxygen species and caspase-3 activity induction in PCa and HCC cell lines DU145 and Hep-G2 seem to be further aspects of the modes of action. Antiangiogenic potency was recognized after applying the chimeric inhibitors on strongly vascularized chorioallantoic membranes of fertilized chicken eggs (CAM assay). The novel combination of two drug pharmacophores against the EGFR and HDACs in one single molecule was shown to have pronounced antineoplastic effects on tumor growth in both solid and leukemia/lymphoma cell models. The promising results merit further investigations to further decipher the underlying modes of action of the novel chimeric inhibitors and their suitability for new clinical approaches in tumor treatment.
Radiomics for Everyone: A New Tool Simplifies Creating Parametric Maps for the Visualization and Quantification of Radiomics Features
Creators: name: Kim, Damon
name: Jensen, Laura J.
name: Elgeti, Thomas
name: Steffen, Ingo G.
name: Hamm, Bernd
name: Nagel, Sebastian N.
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: image enhancement
subject: diagnostic techniques and procedures
subject: image processing
subject: computer-assisted
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Aim was to develop a user-friendly method for creating parametric maps that would provide a comprehensible visualization and allow immediate quantification of radiomics features. For this, a self-explanatory graphical user interface was designed, and for the proof of concept, maps were created for CT and MR images and features were compared to those from conventional extractions. Especially first-order features were concordant between maps and conventional extractions, some even across all examples. Potential clinical applications were tested on CT and MR images for the differentiation of pulmonary lesions. In these sample applications, maps of Skewness enhanced the differentiation of non-malignant lesions and non-small lung carcinoma manifestations on CT images and maps of Variance enhanced the differentiation of pulmonary lymphoma manifestations and fungal infiltrates on MR images. This new and simple method for creating parametric maps makes radiomics features visually perceivable, allows direct feature quantification by placing a region of interest, can improve the assessment of radiological images and, furthermore, can increase the use of radiomics in clinical routine.