cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Régi intézmények, új kihívások – a mezőgazdasági tudásrendszer (MTR) Magyarországon
Creators: name: Nemes, Gusztáv
name: Varga, Ágnes
name: Nemes, Gusztáv
name: Varga, Ágnes
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession
subject: fenntartható mezőgazdaság
subject: LINSA
subject: vidékfejlesztés
subject: diszfunkciók
subject: társadalmi innováció
subject: társadalmi tanulás
subject: sustainable agriculture
subject: disfunction
subject: rural development
subject: social learning
subject: social innovation

description: Jelen tanulmány célja a mezőgazdasági és vidékfejlesztési tudásteremtés és tudásátadás, azaz a Mezőgazdasági Tudásrendszer (MTR) magyarországi intézmé¬nyeinek elemzése. Az elmúlt néhány évtizedben a szektorban szükséges tudás szer¬kezete és tartalma is megváltozott. Ezek a változások, különösen a mezőgazdaság fenntarthatóságával összefüggésben, jelentős kihívást jelentenek a hagyományos MTR-intézmények számára, amelyek fejlődése több területen elmaradt az új igé¬nyektől. Cikkünkben áttekintjük a magyar MTR intézményeit, elemezzük a köztük lévő viszonyrendszert, kommunikációt, valamint a mezőgazdaság fenntartható fej¬lődéséhez szükséges tudás létrehozásával és továbbításával kapcsolatos problémákat. Röviden kitérünk a LINSA (tanuló és innovációs hálózatok a fenntart¬ható mezőgazdaságért) elnevezésű, alulról építkező (bottom-up), a formális MTR-t kiegészítő tudáshálózatokra, melyek megfelelő támogatást kapva jelentős fejlődést hozhatnának a vidékfejlesztés számára.-------------- This paper explores and analyses the Hungarian institutional system for the creation and the transfer of knowledge in the field of agriculture and rural development. We consider the constitution and operation of the Agricultural Knowledge System (AKS) in Hungary, focusing on formal institutions, and suggest that both the structure and content of the knowledge needed in the sector have significantly changed in recent decades. These changes, especially in relation to the sustainability of agriculture, pose significant challenges to traditional AKS institutions, which often have failed to change in line with the new requirements. We offer an analysis of Hungarian AKS institutions, their co-ordination, co-operation and communication with each other and with Hungarian rurality, and of the emerging issues and problems concerning the creation and the flow of knowledge needed for sustainable agriculture. We also briefly explore some characteristics of newly-emerging bottom-up structures, called LINSAS (learning and innovation networks for sustainable agriculture), that, if properly considered and supported, could bring significant improvement for Hungarian rural development.
Study of membrane fouling in a membrane enhanced biological phosphorus removal process
Creators: name: Geng, Zuohong
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Membrane fouling is an inherent problem that has been associated with membrane processes since the emergence of membrane technologies. In the present research, membrane fouling in a membrane enhanced biological phosphorus removal (MEBPR) process was, for the first time, investigated systematically with respect to membrane fouling mechanisms, roles of sludge constituents in membrane filtration, characteristics of membrane foulants, and the relation of sludge properties to fouling. It was revealed that membrane fouling in the pilot scale MEBPR process was hydraulically irreversible and was mainly due to the adsorption of dissolved organic matter in activated sludge mixed liquor, particularly extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) such as carbohydrates and humic or humic-like substances. Large sludge floes were found to likely exert dual effects on membrane filtration. At low flux, they tended to induce hydraulic resistance via sludge deposition. At high flux, large sludge floes seemed to be able to mitigate fouling by sterically hindering the transport of soluble and colloidal sludge components to membrane surfaces. Unlike in other wastewater treatment membrane bioreactors, biofouling in the form of microbial growth was not significant in the studied MEBPR process due to the vigorous aeration and frequent backflushing applied. Inorganic fouling (i.e. precipitation of struvite) was also not observed. The accumulation of foulants (i.e. carbohydrates and humic or humic-like substances) on membrane surfaces resulted in an increase of surface hydrophobicity, which in turn might have accelerated the fouling process. The physical and biochemical properties of sludge, including floe size distribution, zeta potential, relative hydrophobicity, bound and unbound (soluble) EPS content, were also examined in the present research. Compared to a conventional sludge, the higher content of soluble EPS in activated sludge mixed liquor and the smaller floe size distribution were very likely responsible for the higher fouling propensity of the MEBPR sludge. Thus, the content of soluble EPS in mixed liquor was suggested to be a key property to evaluate the fouling potential of activated sludge mixed liquor. Contrary to the literature, the content of EPS bound in the sludge matrix was found not to be a direct influencing factor to membrane fouling.
Two-dimensional Bloch oscillations: A Lie-algebraic approach
Creators: name: Mossmann, S.
name: Schulze, A.
name: Witthaut, D.
name: Korsch, H. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A Lie-algebraic approach successfully used to describe one-dimensional Bloch oscillations in a tight-binding approximation is extended to two dimensions. This extension has the same algebraic structure as the one-dimensional case while the dynamics shows a much richer behaviour. The Bloch oscillations are discussed using analytical expressions for expectation values and widths of the operators of the algebra. It is shown under which conditions the oscillations survive in two dimensions and the centre of mass of a wave packet shows a Lissajous like motion. In contrast to the one-dimensional case, a wavepacket shows systematic dispersion that depends on the direction of the field and the dispersion relation of the field free system.
description: 2 figures are included
Friendly-rivalry solution to the iterated $n$-person public-goods game
Creators: name: Murase, Yohsuke
name: Baek, Seung Ki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Repeated interaction promotes cooperation among rational individuals under the shadow of future, but it is hard to maintain cooperation when a large number of error-prone individuals are involved. One way to construct a cooperative Nash equilibrium is to find a `friendly-rivalry' strategy, which aims at full cooperation but never allows the co-players to be better off. Recently it has been shown that for the iterated Prisoner's Dilemma in the presence of error, a friendly rival can be designed with the following five rules: Cooperate if everyone did, accept punishment for your own mistake, punish defection, recover cooperation if you find a chance, and defect in all the other circumstances. In this work, we construct such a friendly-rivalry strategy for the iterated $n$-person public-goods game by generalizing those five rules. The resulting strategy makes a decision with referring to the previous $m=2n-1$ rounds. A friendly-rivalry strategy for $n=2$ inherently has evolutionary robustness in the sense that no mutant strategy has higher fixation probability in this population than that of a neutral mutant. Our evolutionary simulation indeed shows excellent performance of the proposed strategy in a broad range of environmental conditions when $n= 2$ and $3$.
description: 19 pages, 6 figures
Gender Gap in Natural Language Processing Research: Disparities in Authorship and Citations
Creators: name: Mohammad, Saif M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Disparities in authorship and citations across gender can have substantial adverse consequences not just on the disadvantaged genders, but also on the field of study as a whole. Measuring gender gaps is a crucial step towards addressing them. In this work, we examine female first author percentages and the citations to their papers in Natural Language Processing (1965 to 2019). We determine aggregate-level statistics using an existing manually curated author--gender list as well as first names strongly associated with a gender. We find that only about 29% of first authors are female and only about 25% of last authors are female. Notably, this percentage has not improved since the mid 2000s. We also show that, on average, female first authors are cited less than male first authors, even when controlling for experience and area of research. Finally, we discuss the ethical considerations involved in automatic demographic analysis.
Additional file 1 of A study protocol for a cluster randomised controlled trial on mindfulness-based stress reduction: studying effects of mindfulness-based stress reduction and an additional organisational health intervention on mental health and work-related perceptions of teachers in Dutch secondary vocational schools
Creators: name: Janssen, Math
name: Heerkens, Yvonne
name: Heijden, Beatrice Van Der
name: Korzilius, Hubert
name: Peters, Pascale
name: Engels, Josephine
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. SPIRIT 2013 Checklist: Recommended items to address in a clinical trial protocol and related documents.
Replica exchange molecular dynamics simulations of amyloid peptide aggregation
Creators: name: Cecchini, M.
name: Rao, F.
name: Seeber, M.
name: Caflisch, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The replica exchange molecular dynamics (REMD) approach is applied to four oligomeric peptide systems. At physiologically relevant temperature values REMD samples conformation space and aggregation transitions more efficiently than constant temperature molecular dynamics (CTMD). During the aggregation process the energetic and structural properties are essentially the same in REMD and CTMD. A condensation stage toward disordered aggregates precedes the $β$-sheet formation. Two order parameters, borrowed from anisotropic fluid analysis, are used to monitor the aggregation process. The order parameters do not depend on the peptide sequence and length and therefore allow to compare the amyloidogenic propensity of different peptides.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures, Revtex4
Will climate change benefit or hurt Russian grain production? A statistical evidence from a panel approach
Creators: name: Belyaeva, Maria
name: Bokusheva, Raushan
name: Belyaeva, Maria
name: Bokusheva, Raushan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Russia
subject: grain production
subject: climate change
subject: Russland
subject: Getreideproduktion
subject: Klimawandel

description: We conduct an examination of the climate effect to analyze the historical dependence of grain production on temperatures and precipitation levels, and project this dependence to estimate the productivity of different grain types in the mid- and long-terms, given four greenhouse gas concentration pathways. We find that altering temperatures have an equivocal effect on agriculture. The most productive zones of the southern black soil belt is projected to face considerable declines in yields, due to insufficient precipitation levels and high probability of heat waves during the summer vegetation period. The northern part, on the contrary, can experience increases in productivity as a result of milder and drier winters and warmer springs.
ZnWO_4 crystals as detectors for double beta decay and dark matter experiments
Creators: name: Danevich, F. A.
name: Kobychev, V. V.
name: Nagorny, S. S.
name: Poda, D. V.
name: Tretyak, V. I.
name: Yurchenko, S. S.
name: Zdesenko, Yu. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Energy resolution, alpha/beta ratio, and the pulse shape discrimination ability of the ZnWO_4 crystal scintillators were studied. The radioactive contamination of a ZnWO_4 crystal was investigated in the Solotvina Underground Laboratory. Possibilities to apply ZnWO_4 crystals for the dark matter and double beta decay searches are discussed. New improved half-life limits on double beta decay in zinc isotopes were established, in particular, for ECβ^+ decay of 64-Zn as: T_1/2^2nu > 8.9 10^18 yr and T_1/2^0nu > 3.6 10^18 yr, both at 68% CL.
description: 16 pages, 6 figures
title: Interactive class-diagram generation and abstraction
Creators: name: Hernàdi, Gàbor Miklos
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: software visualization
subject: class diagram generation

description: Developing software systems depend on a good overview. Creating such an overview manually is a lengthy task and the resulting overview generated by tools often contains too much information, causing more confusion than clarity. In order to gain a more suitable view on the system, unnecessary information could be hidden using abstraction techniques. However, a static decision on which data the user desires to be visible or not is not trivial for a machine as it depends on the user-s current focus. In this thesis, we will discuss techniques of calculating a layout which takes the relation of classes into account, namely the force directed layout. The proposed prototype modifies the positioning algorithm in order to prevent node-overlapping. Furthermore, this thesis introduces structured elements, which are recursive, visual and logical containers for the basic class nodes. The prototype is interactive and has capabilities to increase visual clarity. These capabilities include collapsing, expanding, highlighting and temporarily removing a set of nodes in or from the current graph. On any structural change the positioning algorithm relayouts the graph, providing a layout as similar as possible to the old one.
title: A coherent framework for full, fast and parametric detector simulation for the FCC project
Creators: name: Hrdinka, Julia Stefanie
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Detector
subject: Simulation
subject: High Energy Physics

description: The outstanding success of the physics program of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), including the discovery of the Higgs boson, shifted the focus of part of the high energy physics community onto the planning phase for future collider projects. The FCC (Future Circular Collider) is a five year international design study to explore post-LHC possibilities. Hadron and electron-positron based collider technologies are considered as potential LHC successor project branches. Common to both branches is the need of a coherent software framework, in order to carry out simulation studies to establish the potential physics reach or to test different technology approaches. Detector simulation is a particularly necessary tool needed for both, design studies for different detector concepts and the establishment of relevant performance parameters. In addition, it allows to generate data as input for the development of reconstruction algorithms needed to cope with the expected future environments.A coherent framework will be presented, that combines full, fast and parametric detector simulation embedded in the Gaudi framework and based on the FCC Event Data Model. Detector description is based on DD4hep and the dierent simulation approaches are centrally steered through the Geant4 simulation. A geometry for reconstruction was integrated into the framework. This geometry will also be used for fast simulation. The DD4hep geometry is automatically translated into the different geometries needed by the different simulations. A prototype example of a simple tracking detector is demonstrated for the different simulation approaches and the detector geometries together with the materials are compared. Furthermore, a potential work how to use full simulation based on Geant4 and fast simulation techniques alongside is presented and the results are compared.
Two-level modeling of quarantine
Creators: name: Khain, Evgeniy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Continuum models of epidemics do not take into account the underlying microscopic network structure of social connections. This drawback becomes extreme during quarantine when most people dramatically decrease their number of social interactions, while others (like cashiers in grocery stores) continue maintaining hundreds of contacts per day. We formulate a two-level model of quarantine. On a microscopic level, we model a single neighborhood assuming a star-network structure. On a mesoscopic level, the neighborhoods are placed on a two-dimensional lattice with nearest neighbors interactions. The modeling results are compared with the COVID-19 data for several counties in Michigan (USA) and the phase diagram of parameters is identified.
description: 5 pages, 6 figures (figure 3 has two panels)
AQUARIUS Infrastructures' Catalogue
Creators: name: Armstrong, Frank
name: Ni Chonghaile, Bernadette
name: Fitzgerald, Aodhán
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: The aim of the AQUARIUS project is to provide access to a highly comprehensive suite ofintegrated research infrastructures designed to address significant challenges for the longtermsustainability of our unique oceans, seas, and freshwater ecosystems. An impressiverange of 57 research infrastructure services will be made available through TransnationalAccess (TA) Calls, including research vessels, mobile marine observation platforms, fixedmarine facilities, experimental research facilities, river & basin supersites, aircraft, drones,satellite services, and sophisticated data infrastructures.A bespoke catalogue has been created to showcase these research infrastructures (RI), allowingcall applicants to view the RI on offer in the project and make informed proposals fortransnational access (TA). This document outlines the process and steps taken to createthe Infrastructures Catalogue. The catalogue was officially launched on the 29th of August2024 and is available at https://aquarius-ri.eu/ri-catalogue/.
Perturbation theory for the effective diffusion constant in a medium of random scatterer
Creators: name: Dean, D. S.
name: Drummond, I. T.
name: Horgan, R. R.
name: Lefevre, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop perturbation theory and physically motivated resummations of the perturbation theory for the problem of a tracer particle diffusing in a random media. The random media contains point scatterers of density $ρ$ uniformly distributed through out the material. The tracer is a Langevin particle subjected to the quenched random force generated by the scatterers. Via our perturbative analysis we determine when the random potential can be approximated by a Gaussian random potential. We also develop a self-similar renormalisation group approach based on thinning out the scatterers, this scheme is similar to that used with success for diffusion in Gaussian random potentials and agrees with known exact results. To assess the accuracy of this approximation scheme its predictions are confronted with results obtained by numerical simulation.
description: 22 pages, 6 figures, IOP (J. Phys. A. style)
Thermoelectric detection of Andreev states in unconventional superconductors
Creators: name: Savander, Tony
name: Tamura, Shun
name: Flindt, Christian
name: Tanaka, Yukio
name: Burset, Pablo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically describe a thermoelectric effect that is entirely due to Andreev processes involving the formation of Cooper pairs through the coupling of electrons and holes. The Andreev thermoelectric effect can occur in ballistic ferromagnet-superconductor junctions with a dominant superconducting proximity effect on the ferromagnet, and it is very sensitive to surface states emerging in unconventional superconductors. We consider hybrid junctions in two and three dimensions to demonstrate that the thermoelectric current is always reversed in the presence of low-energy Andreev bound states at the superconductor surface. A microscopic analysis of the proximity-induced pairing reveals that the thermoelectric effect only arises if even and odd-frequency Cooper pairs coexist in mixed singlet and triplet states. Our results are an example of the richness of emergent phenomena in systems that combine magnetism and superconductivity, and they open a pathway for exploring exotic surface states in unconventional superconductors.
description: 18 pages, 7 figures. Updated references, typos corrected
New mean field theories for the liquid-vapor transition of charged hard spheres
Creators: name: Caillol, J. -M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The phase behavior of the primitive model of electrolytes is studied in the framework of various mean field approximations obtained recently by means of methods pertaining to statistical field theory (CAILLOL, J.-M., 2004, \textit{J. Stat. Phys.}, \textbf{115}, 1461). The role of the regularization of the Coulomb potential at short distances is discussed in details and the link with more traditional approximations of the theory of liquids is discussed. The values computed for the critical temperatures, chemical potentials, and densities are compared with available Monte Carlo data and other theoretical predictions.
description: 17 pages, 4 figures, 3 tables
High Precision, Quantum-Enhanced Gravimetry with a Bose-Einstein Condensate
Creators: name: Szigeti, Stuart S.
name: Nolan, Samuel P.
name: Close, John D.
name: Haine, Simon A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the inherently large interatomic interactions of a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) can enhance the sensitivity of a high precision cold-atom gravimeter beyond the shot-noise limit (SNL). Through detailed numerical simulation, we demonstrate that our scheme produces spin-squeezed states with variances up to 14 dB below the SNL, and that absolute gravimetry measurement sensitivities between 2 and 5 times below the SNL are achievable with BECs between $10^4$ and $10^6$ in atom number. Our scheme is robust to phase diffusion, imperfect atom counting, and shot-to-shot variations in atom number and laser intensity. Our proposal is immediately achievable in current laboratories, since it needs only a small modification to existing state-of-the-art experiments and does not require additional guiding potentials or optical cavities.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures + supplemental material. Close to published version
Topological interpretation of color exchange invariants: hexagonal lattice on a torus
Creators: name: Cépas, O.
name: Akhmetiev, P. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explain a correspondence between some invariants in the dynamics of color exchange in a 2d coloring problem, which are polynomials of winding numbers, and linking numbers in 3d. One invariant is visualized as linking of lines on a special surface with Arf-Kervaire invariant one, and is interpreted as resulting from an obstruction to transform the surface into its chiral image with special continuous deformations. We also consider additional constraints on the dynamics and see how the surface is modified.
description: 21 pages, 8 figures, Submission to SciPost
Tiny HI Clouds in the Local ISM
Creators: name: Braun, Robert
name: Kanekar, Nissim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Very sensitive HI absorption spectra (tau RMS about 10^-4 over 1 km/s) toward high latitude QSOs have revealed a population of tiny discrete features in the diffuse ISM with peak tau of 0.1 - 2% and core line-widths corresponding to temperatures as low as 20 K. Imaging detections confirm linear dimensions of a few 1000 AU. We suggest these structures may be formed by the stellar winds of intermediate mass stars. A more speculative origin might involve molecular "dark matter".
description: 6 pages, 8 figures, to appear in "The IMF at 50", eds. E. Corbelli, F. Palla, and H. Zinnecker, ASSL (Kluwer)
No-scale supergravity from higher dimensions
Creators: name: D'Auria, Riccardo
name: Ferrara, Sergio
name: Trigiante, Mario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss recent results on the interpretation of flux compactifications on certain Type IIB orientifolds in terms of gauged N-extended supergravities of no--scale type.
description: 15 pages, LaTeX, typos corrected
title: Benefits and Losses: Non-Traditional Adult Learners Returning To Education
Creators: name: Harrington, Stephen Anthony
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2017

description: This study investigates the experience of seven non-traditional adults returning to education. All had won individual or group ‘adult student of the year’ awards. The main research question concerned the benefits and losses they experienced from returning to learning. Sub-questions investigated the benefits they gained by amassing and investing three forms of capital (identity, human and social), as well as their losses. A further sub-question investigated the contribution the research could make to educational practice. This was a qualitative, interpretivist research, drawing on the auto/biographical narrative approach to ascertain the influence of the researcher’s educational experiences on the way in which the students’ accounts were organised and understood. Using theme analysis, a model of the benefits and losses of learning was developed using data from interviews with the learners. Subsequently, a three dimensional, model was developed, identifying the outcomes of applying the forms of capital to three types of barrier to adult learning (dispositional, situational, institutional). The main research method was analysis of the data in the light of the relevant literature. The findings were: that individual award winners’ experiences were predominantly positive, even when they did not lead to secure, well-paid employment; that group award winners were satisfied they had improved their culinary skills and knowledge of healthy eating; that social capital, acquired mainly through establishing new social networks, was the most valuable form of capital for securing better employment: that dispositional barriers were the most problematic and most likely to bring enduring losses for participants. Further research was recommended in three areas: analysis of the content, form and delivery of basic literacy and numeracy courses; research into the employment situation of learners five years after completing their level one and two Access courses; investigation of why so few men enrol on basic skills courses.
The width, density and outflow of solar coronal streamers
Creators: name: Morgan, Huw
name: Cook, Anthony C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Characterising the large-scale structure and plasma properties of the inner corona is crucial to understand the source and subsequent expansion of the solar wind and related space weather effects. Here we apply a new coronal rotational tomography method, along with a method to narrow streamers and refine the density estimate, to COR2A/STEREO observations from a period near solar minimum and maximum, gaining density maps for heights between 4 and 8\Rs. The coronal structure is highly radial at these heights, and the streamers are very narrow, in some regions only a few degrees in width. The mean densities of streamers is almost identical between solar minimum and maximum. However, streamers at solar maximum contain around 50\%\ more total mass due to their larger area. By assuming a constant mass flux, and constraints on proton flux measured by Parker Solar Probe (PSP), we estimate an outflow speed within solar minimum streamers of 50-120\kms\ at 4\Rs, increasing to 90-250\kms\ at 8\Rs. Accelerations of around 6\mss\ are found for streamers at a height of 4\Rs, decreasing with height. The solar maximum slow wind shows a higher acceleration to extended distances compared to solar minimum. To satisfy the solar wind speeds measured by PSP, there must be a mean residual acceleration of around 1-2\mss\ between 8 and 40\Rs. Several aspects of this study strongly suggest that the coronal streamer belt density is highly variable on small scales, and that the tomography can only reveal a local spatial and temporal average.
Solitary waves on finite-size antiferromagnetic quantum Heisenberg spin rings
Creators: name: Schnack, J.
name: Shchelokovskyy, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by the successful synthesis of several molecular quantum spin rings we are investigating whether such systems can host magnetic solitary waves. The small size of these spin systems forbids the application of a classical or continuum limit. We therefore investigate whether the time-dependent Schroedinger equation itself permits solitary waves. Example solutions are obtained via complete diagonalization of the underlying Heisenberg Hamiltonian.
description: 6 pages, 7 figures, to appear in J. Magn. Magn. Mater
Additional file 1 of How do older adults understand and manage distress? A qualitative study
Creators: name: Moult, Alice
name: Kingstone, Tom
name: Chew-Graham, Carolyn A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1:. *Topic guide, *A description of the questions and areas of questioning used within the interviews
Identification of Major Pests and a Sampling Plan for Lepidoptera Larvae in Amaranthus Viridis (Callaloo) in Jamaica
Creators: name: Clarke-Harris, D. O.
name: Fleischer, S. J.
name: Clarke-Harris, D. O.
name: Fleischer, S. J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: Food Security and Poverty
Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: Major species in the pest complex on callaloo are moth caterpillars (Lepidoptera) Spodoptera frugiperda. S. exlgua; Herpetogramma bipunctalis, Spoladea recurvalis, beetles (Coleoptera) Disonycha spp. Diabrotica baleteata., leafhoppers (Homoptera) Empoasca spp. and mites (Acarina) Tetranychus sp. Baseline surveys on 15 callaloo farms in the major callaloo producing area of Bushy Park, St Catherine indicated that of these pest species, the lepidoptera complex ranked highest in importance. Adult and larval populations ofthe five lepidoptera species on callaloo, were monitored over three cropping seasons between April 1997 and March 1998 at Bodies Experimental Station, St Catherine. There was significant correlation between moth flights and larval populations which suggests a potential for using adults as an early warning to intensify in-field scouting, The frequency distribution of the larval populations was determined and a sequential sampling plan developed for use by fanners in scouting. Comparison between a sequential sampling plan and a sampling plan based on a fixed sample size of 25 plants per fann showed the fanner to be 46% more efficient (mean 13.5 sample plants per farm) while giving the same pest management decision as the latter on 87.5% of the farms, Of the remaining 12.5% of farms in the validation exercise the sequential sampling plan recommended additional samples on 9.4% of them and only gave inaccurate decisions at 3.1% of the sites. This work will allow greater efficiency and structure for implementing scouting programmes in callaloo production systems.
Distribution and Incidence of a New Pest (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) in Western Parishes of Jamaica
Creators: name: Martin, Raymond
name: Lawrence, Janet
name: McDonald, Frank
name: Martin, Raymond
name: Lawrence, Janet
name: McDonald, Frank
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
International Relations/Trade

description: Most recently, a gall midge (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae) was detected in shipments of hot pepper to the T'nited States. This was the first record of the pest in hot peppers in Jamaica. Its discovery and quarantine significance prompted the formation of a national task force which had the mandate of identifying and implementing a strategy to reduce infestation levels. Under the directive of the task force. the Caribbean Agricultural Research and Development Institute conducted a survey to determine the distribution and incidence of the midge in the Western parishes ofthe island where, based on interceptions, the incidence appeared to be highest. A relationship between infestation levels and fruit maturity was observed; mature fruits had the highest levels of infestation The gall midge was present in all parishes visited WIththe highest level of infested mature fruit being found on farms in Hanover (100%). Based on the production systems and the levels of the' pest observed, possible strategies, which may assist in reducing the levels of infestation. are identified and discussed.
Worm-algorithm-type Simulation of Quantum Transverse-Field Ising Model
Creators: name: Huang, Chun-Jiong
name: Liu, Longxiang
name: Jiang, Yi
name: Deng, Youjin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply a worm algorithm to simulate the quantum transverse-field Ising model in a path-integral representation of which the expansion basis is taken as the spin component along the external-field direction. In such a representation, a configuration can be regarded as a set of non-intersecting loops constructed by "kinks" for pairwise interactions and spin-down (or -up) imaginary-time segments. The wrapping probability for spin-down loops, a dimensionless quantity characterizing the loop topology on a torus, is observed to exhibit small finite-size corrections and yields a high-precision critical point in two dimensions (2D) as $h_c \! =\! 3.044\, 330(6)$, significantly improving over the existing results and nearly excluding the best one $h_c \! =\! 3.044\, 38 (2)$. At criticality, the fractal dimensions of the loops are estimated as $d_{\ell \downarrow} (1{\rm D}) \! = \! 1.37(1) \! \approx \! 11/8 $ and $d_{\ell \downarrow} (2{\rm D}) \! = \! 1.75 (3)$, consistent with those for the classical 2D and 3D O(1) loop model, respectively. An interesting feature is that in one dimension (1D), both the spin-down and -up loops display the critical behavior in the whole disordered phase ($ 0 \! \leq \! h \! < \! h_c$), having a fractal dimension $d_{\ell} \! = \! 1.750 (7)$ that is consistent with the hull dimension $d_{\rm H} \! = \! 7/4$ for critical 2D percolation clusters. The current worm algorithm can be applied to simulate other quantum systems like hard-core boson models with pairing interactions.
description: 11 pages, 11 figures
Workshop Wegwijzer Certificering
Creators: name: Stein, Ilona Von
name: Steinmeier, Daniël
name: Komen, Niels
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: wegwijzer
repository certification
betrouwbare digitale archieven
CoreTrustSeal

description: De Wegwijzer Certificering is ontwikkeld binnen het Netwerk Digitaal Erfgoed (NDE) en nu klaar voor gebruik door erfgoedinstellingen. Met een online lancering op 25 maart 2021 heeft Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) het beheer van de wegwijzer onder zijn hoede genomen. Deze workshop Wegwijzer Certificering neemt je aan de hand van praktijkcases mee in de gloednieuwe wegwijzer. We leggen uit wat certificering is, wat het betekent voor de betrouwbaarheid van je digitale archief en laten zien wat er nodig is bij het opzetten en uitvoeren van een CoreTrustSeal certificeringstraject. Ook laten we zien hoe je de hulpmiddelen uit de wegwijzer voor je eigen instelling kunt gebruiken.
Development of a standardized quantitative real time PCR panel for respiratory viral diagnosis
Creators: name: Utokaparch, Soraya
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Traditional viral diagnostics such as viral culture and various serological techniques tend to be slow, insensitive and labour-intensive. A large proportion of viral pathogens still go undetected using these techniques. This thesis concerns the development of a rapid and sensitive technique - standardized real-time quantitative PCR. Individual qPCR assays and synthetic plasmid controls were developed for 12 common respiratory viruses including influenza types A and B, parainfluenza (PIV)-l, -2 and -3, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) A and B, metapneumovirus (MPV), human coronavirus (HCoV) 229E and OC43, human rhinovirus (HRV) and adenovirus. A reference gene assay using hypoxanthine phosphoribosyl transferase (HPRT) was also developed. A retrospective analysis on nasopharyngeal aspirates from patients previously diagnosed was conducted. The results demonstrated that the respiratory viral qPCR panel was sensitive, efficient, and had a large dynamic range of detection. Some cross-reactivity was noted for HRV with an enterovirus (coxsackievirus B3). HPRT proved to be a stable reference gene with the additional benefit that qPCR viral loads could be interpreted based on copy number per unit volume of specimen. One hundred culture negative specimens were examined and viral nucleic acid was amplified in 43 of them. There was a statistically significant relationship between viral load and whether or not the same specimen was positive by culture for influenza A , PIV-3, RSV A and B, HRV and adenovirus. Mean viral load was highest in patients with lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) compared to those with fever or upper respiratory tract infections (URTI) and 95% confidence interval (CI) between these patients did not overlap. These results suggest that patients with more severe clinical disease had higher viral loads. This study highlights the developmental phase of a technique that has the potential to increase the detection rate of viral pathogens involved in respiratory illnesses.
Evolving traversable wormholes satisfying the energy conditions in the presence of pole dark energy
Creators: name: Zangeneh, Mahdi Kord
name: Lobo, Francisco S. N.
name: Moradpour, Hooman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the evolution of traversable wormhole geometries in the inflationary, radiation -- and matter -- dominated eras, and dynamic wormholes with a traceless energy-momentum tensor (EMT), within the recently proposed {\it pole dark energy} model. We show that the evolving radiation -- and matter -- dominated wormhole spacetimes satisfy the null energy condition (NEC), but possess negative energy densities at late times, thus violating the weak energy condition (WEC) in this specific domain. However, we demonstrate with a specific example that the traceless EMT evolving wormholes, supported by conformally invariant massless fields, in principle, could satisfy the WEC, and consequently the NEC, at all times and for all values of the radial coordinate. Thus, one may imagine a scenario in which these geometries originate in the Planckian era through quantum gravitational processes. Inflation could then provide a natural mechanism for the enlargement of these Planckian wormholes, where their FLRW background evolution is governed by pole dark energy. For the first time in the literature, specific dynamical $4$-dimensional solutions are presented that satisfy the NEC and WEC everywhere and everywhen.
description: 5 pages, 12 figures. V2: 7 pages, discussion and references added. V3: 8 pages, further discussion and references added. Version accepted for publication in Physics of the Dark Universe
Additional file 2 of Efficacy and safety of pulsed radiofrequency as a method of dorsal root ganglia stimulation for treatment of non-neuropathic pain: a systematic review
Creators: name: Vuka, Ivana
name: Došenović, Svjetlana
name: Marciuš, Tihana
name: Hamzić, Lejla Ferhatović
name: Vučić, Katarina
name: Sapunar, Damir
name: Puljak, Livia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2: Supplementary Table 2. Characteristics of excluded studies.
Integrated Pest Management of the Sweetpotato Weevil: A Pilot Study in South Central Jamaica
Creators: name: Lawrence, J.
name: Bohac, J.
name: Fleischer, S.
name: Lawrence, J.
name: Bohac, J.
name: Fleischer, S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Food Security and Poverty

description: The sweetpotato Weevil, Cylas formicarius (Coleoptera: Apinoidae) is one of the most yield limiting pests affecting sweetpotato, Ipomoea batatas (Family; Convolulaccae) production in Jamaica. Losses as high as 50 percent of total yield have been reported. Effective low resource biologically based technologies which are readily adaptable including the: use ofselected cultural practices and masstrapping with high doses ofsweetpotato weevil sex pheromones, have been successfully used in Asia to manage the weevil. Under the CARDIICRSP IPM research programme, six fanners in three districts in South Central Jamaica were selected to demonstrate the effectiveness ofthis sweetpotato weevil IPM technology under local growing conditions. An initial baseline survey was conducted to determine the fanner's perception of the pest and the production practices being utilised. A modified farmer field sehool approach was used to disseminate the IPM technology to the pilot fanners. At harvest, weevil populations were estimated traps baited with low doses (10 ug) of weevil sex pheromones and crop loss assessments executed on IPM pilot farms and neighbouring farms within the target districts. Depending on the socio-economic factors, pilot farmers utilised the IPM technology to varying degrees. In comparison to neighbouring farms, IPM pilot farmers had significantly less weevil infestations and root damage (P<0.050). Marketable yields were also higher on the majority ofIPM farms but, overall this was not significant (p>0.05). With special considerations to the socio-economic factors identified, refinement of the IPM practices currently being recommended are discussed. Also, the observations on the irpprovements in the knowledge base and competence of the pilot farmers in IPM are examined in relation to the principle based approach used to transfer the technology.
Approaches to Managing Citrus Tristeza Virus (CTV) Disease in Jamaica
Creators: name: Edman, Fabian
name: Young, Florence A.
name: Edman, Fabian
name: Young, Florence A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Crop Production/Industries
Environmental Economics and Policy

description: Although the citrus tristeza disease hls·been reported in Jamaica from 1959, severe strains of the virus was only confirmed in 1992 when a survey was conducted. Mild strains were widespread while severe ones were present in the two major citrus growing parishes, Manchester and St. Catherine. The discovery of the Brown Citrus Aphid (BrCA) in Jamaica and Cuba in 1993 resulted from a northward movement ofthe pest from Venezuela in 1976 into the Caribbean region in 1989. Over 90% ofJamaica's citrusorchards are established on sour orange rootstock, a cultivar which is highly susceptible to CTV, The presence ofall three factors- severe strains of the virus; BrCA an efficient vector of the virus, and highly susceptible cultivars as rootstock, makes an effective disease management system urgent and critieal, This paper discuss the programmes being considered.
Weighted Encoding Based Image Interpolation With Nonlocal Linear Regression Model
Creators: name: Zhang, Junchao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Image interpolation is a special case of image super-resolution, where the low-resolution image is directly down-sampled from its high-resolution counterpart without blurring and noise. Therefore, assumptions adopted in super-resolution models are not valid for image interpolation. To address this problem, we propose a novel image interpolation model based on sparse representation. Two widely used priors including sparsity and nonlocal self-similarity are used as the regularization terms to enhance the stability of interpolation model. Meanwhile, we incorporate the nonlocal linear regression into this model since nonlocal similar patches could provide a better approximation to a given patch. Moreover, we propose a new approach to learn adaptive sub-dictionary online instead of clustering. For each patch, similar patches are grouped to learn adaptive sub-dictionary, generating a more sparse and accurate representation. Finally, the weighted encoding is introduced to suppress tailing of fitting residuals in data fidelity. Abundant experimental results demonstrate that our proposed method outperforms several state-of-the-art methods in terms of quantitative measures and visual quality.