cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Conditional Control of Alternative Splicing through Light-Triggered Splice-Switching Oligonucleotides
Creators: name: Tsang, Michael
name: Juliano, Rudolph L.
name: Uprety, Rajendra
name: Samanta, Subhas
name: Hemphill, James
name: Liu, Qingyang
name: Deiters, Alexander
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: The spliceosome machinery is composed of several proteins and multiple small RNA molecules that are involved in gene regulation through the removal of introns from pre-mRNAs in order to assemble exon-based mRNA containing protein-coding sequences. Splice-switching oligonucleotides (SSOs) are genetic control elements that can be used to specifically control the expression of genes through correction of aberrant splicing pathways. A current limitation with SSO methodologies is the inability to achieve conditional control of their function paired with high spatial and temporal resolution. We addressed this limitation through site-specific installation of light-removable nucleobase-caging groups as well as photocleavable backbone linkers into synthetic SSOs. This enables optochemical OFF â ON and ON â OFF switching of their activity and thus precise control of alternative splicing. The use of light as a regulatory element allows for tight spatial and temporal control of splice switching in mammalian cells and animals.
Enantioconvergent Synthesis of Functionalized γ-Butyrolactones via (3 + 2)-Annulation
Creators: name: Johnson, Jeffrey S.
name: Goodman, C. Guy
name: Walker, Morgan M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: A dynamic kinetic resolution of β-halo α-keto esters in an asymmetric homoenolate reaction is described. A chiral N-hetereocyclic carbene catalyzes the a3 → d3-umpolung addition of α,β-enals to racemic α-keto esters, forming γ-butyrolactones with three contiguous stereocenters. The addition occurs with high regio-, diastereo-, and enantiocontrol. This methodology constitutes an intermolecular DKR process to set three stereocenters during the key bond forming event.
(400431) George McDonald
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Freeness versus maximal global Tjurina number for plane curves
Creators: name: Dimca, Alexandru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We give a characterization of nearly free plane curves in terms of their global Tjurina numbers, similar to the characterization of free curves as curves with a maximal Tjurina number, due to A. A. du Plessis and C.T.C. Wall. It is also shown that an irreducible plane curve having a 1-dimensional symmetry is nearly free. A new numerical characterization of free curves and a simple characterization of nearly free curves in terms of their syzygies conclude this note.
description: v3: Theorem 1.6 is strengthened and Corollary 1.7 giving a new characterization of nearly free curves is added
Hydrodecarboxylation of Carboxylic and Malonic Acid Derivatives via Organic Photoredox Catalysis: Substrate Scope and Mechanistic Insight
Creators: name: Nicewicz, David A.
name: Griffin, Jeremy D.
name: Zeller, Mary A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: A direct, catalytic hydrodecarboxylation of primary, secondary, and tertiary carboxylic acids is reported. The catalytic system consists of a Fukuzumi acridinium photooxidant with phenyldisulfide acting as a redox-active cocatalyst. Substoichiometric quantities of HuÌnigâs base are used to reveal the carboxylate. Use of trifluoroethanol as a solvent allowed for significant improvements in substrate compatibilities, as the method reported is not limited to carboxylic acids bearing Î± heteroatoms or phenyl substitution. This method has been applied to the direct double decarboxylation of malonic acid derivatives, which allows for the convenient use of dimethyl malonate as a methylene synthon. Kinetic analysis of the reaction is presented showing a lack of a kinetic isotope effect when generating deuterothiophenol in situ as a hydrogen atom donor. Further kinetic analysis demonstrated first-order kinetics with respect to the carboxylate, while the reaction is zero-order in acridinium catalyst, consistent with another finding suggesting the reaction is light limiting and carboxylate oxidation is likely turnover limiting. SternâVolmer analysis was carried out in order to determine the efficiency for the carboxylates to quench the acridinium excited state.
Measuring Residual Dipolar Couplings in Excited Conformational States of Nucleic Acids by CEST NMR Spectroscopy
Creators: name: Zhang, Qi
name: Zhao, Bo
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Nucleic acids undergo structural transitions to access sparsely populated and transiently lived conformational states—or excited conformational states—that play important roles in diverse biological processes. Despite ever-increasing detection of these functionally essential states, 3D structure determination of excited states (ESs) of RNA remains elusive. This is largely due to challenges in obtaining high-resolution structural constraints in these ESs by conventional structural biology approaches. Here, we present nucleic-acid-optimized chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) NMR spectroscopy for measuring residual dipolar couplings (RDCs), which provide unique long-range angular constraints in ESs of nucleic acids. We demonstrate these approaches on a fluoride riboswitch, where one-bond 13C-1H RDCs from both base and sugar moieties provide direct structural probes into an ES of the ligand-free riboswitch.
(400428) Malcolm McDonald
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Optical Control of CRISPR/Cas9 Gene Editing
Creators: name: Hemphill, James
name: Asokan, Aravind
name: Borchardt, Erin K.
name: Deiters, Alexander
name: Brown, Kalyn
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: The CRISPR/Cas9 system has emerged as an important tool in biomedical research for a wide range of applications, with significant potential for genome engineering and gene therapy. In order to achieve conditional control of the CRISPR/Cas9 system, a genetically encoded light-activated Cas9 was engineered through the site-specific installation of a caged lysine amino acid. Several potential lysine residues were identified as viable caging sites that can be modified to optically control Cas9 function, as demonstrated through optical activation and deactivation of both exogenous and endogenous gene function.
(400430) Christina McDonald
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Online Appendix of Paper: Corporate Dominance in Open Source Ecosystems: A Case Study of OpenStack
Creators: name: Zhang, Yuxia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Software
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 80306 Open Software

description: One can take the following steps to reproduce our study: 1. Create a SQL table by considering the columns listed in the file named 'OpenStack_commits' (stored in the data file path) 2. Run the 'calculate domination.py' (stored in the code file path) to get the dominators in the development of OpenStack 3. Run the scripts (RQ1_prevalent.py, RQ2_median_versions, and RQ3_data_preparation.py) to reproduce the results of RQ1-3, respectively.
Fusion of Model-free Reinforcement Learning with Microgrid Control: Review and Vision
Creators: name: She, Buxin
name: Li, Fangxing
name: Cui, Hantao
name: Zhang, Jingqiu
name: Bo, Rui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Challenges and opportunities coexist in microgrids as a result of emerging large-scale distributed energy resources (DERs) and advanced control techniques. In this paper, a comprehensive review of microgrid control is presented with its fusion of model-free reinforcement learning (MFRL). A high-level research map of microgrid control is developed from six distinct perspectives, followed by bottom-level modularized control blocks illustrating the configurations of grid-following (GFL) and grid-forming (GFM) inverters. Then, mainstream MFRL algorithms are introduced with an explanation of how MFRL can be integrated into the existing control framework. Next, the application guideline of MFRL is summarized with a discussion of three fusing approaches, i.e., model identification and parameter tuning, supplementary signal generation, and controller substitution, with the existing control framework. Finally, the fundamental challenges associated with adopting MFRL in microgrid control and corresponding insights for addressing these concerns are fully discussed.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures, published on IEEE Transaction on Smart Grid 2022 Nov 15. See: https://ieeexplore-ieee-org.utk.idm.oclc.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?arnumber=9951405
Supplementary Material from Parasites and politics: why cross-cultural studies must control for relatedness, proximity and covariation
Creators: name: Bromham, Lindell
name: Hua, Xia
name: Cardillo, Marcel
name: Schneemann, Hilde
name: Greenhill, Simon J.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Table S1: Data used in this study; Table S2 Languages chosen to place each state in a cultural similarity hierarchy.
Learning the policy for mixed electric platoon control of automated and human-driven vehicles at signalized intersection: a random search approach
Creators: name: Jiang, Xia
name: Zhang, Jian
name: Shi, Xiaoyu
name: Cheng, Jian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The upgrading and updating of vehicles have accelerated in the past decades. Out of the need for environmental friendliness and intelligence, electric vehicles (EVs) and connected and automated vehicles (CAVs) have become new components of transportation systems. This paper develops a reinforcement learning framework to implement adaptive control for an electric platoon composed of CAVs and human-driven vehicles (HDVs) at a signalized intersection. Firstly, a Markov Decision Process (MDP) model is proposed to describe the decision process of the mixed platoon. Novel state representation and reward function are designed for the model to consider the behavior of the whole platoon. Secondly, in order to deal with the delayed reward, an Augmented Random Search (ARS) algorithm is proposed. The control policy learned by the agent can guide the longitudinal motion of the CAV, which serves as the leader of the platoon. Finally, a series of simulations are carried out in simulation suite SUMO. Compared with several state-of-the-art (SOTA) reinforcement learning approaches, the proposed method can obtain a higher reward. Meanwhile, the simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the delay reward, which is designed to outperform distributed reward mechanism} Compared with normal car-following behavior, the sensitivity analysis reveals that the energy can be saved to different extends (39.27%-82.51%) by adjusting the relative importance of the optimization goal. On the premise that travel delay is not sacrificed, the proposed control method can save up to 53.64% electric energy.
Supplemental Table 1 from Genetics of a de novo origin of undifferentiated multicellularity.
Creators: name: Herron, Matthew D.
name: Ratcliff, William C.
name: Boswell, Jacob
name: Rosenzweig, Frank
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Illumina indices of RNA-Seq samples
Real-time nanoparticle characterization through opto-fluidic force induction
Creators: name: Šimić, Marko
name: Auer, Doris
name: Neuper, Christian
name: Šimić, Nikola
name: Prossliner, Gerhard
name: Prassl, Ruth
name: Hill, Christian
name: Hohenester, Ulrich
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose and demonstrate a novel scheme for optical nanoparticle characterization, optofluidic force induction (OF2i), which achieves real-time optical counting with single-particle sensitivity, high throughput, and for particle sizes ranging from tens of nanometers to several $μ$m. The particles to be analyzed flow through a microfluidic channel alongside a weakly focused laser vortex beam, which accomplishes 2D trapping of the particles in the transverse directions and size-dependent velocity changes due to the optical forces in the longitudinal direction. Upon monitoring the trajectories and velocity changes of each individually tracked particle, we obtain detailed information about the number based particle size distribution. A parameter-free model based on Maxwell's equations and Mie theory is shown to provide very good agreement with the experimental results for standardized particles of spherical shape. Our results prove that OF2i can provide a flexible work bench for numerous pharmaceutical and technological applications, as well as for medical diagnostics.
description: 17 pages, 7 figures
(400427) Grace Fenwick
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Activity Recognition Using A Combination of Category Components And Local Models for Video Surveillance
Creators: name: Lin, Weiyao
name: Sun, Ming-Ting
name: Poovendran, Radha
name: Zhang, Zhengyou
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper presents a novel approach for automatic recognition of human activities for video surveillance applications. We propose to represent an activity by a combination of category components, and demonstrate that this approach offers flexibility to add new activities to the system and an ability to deal with the problem of building models for activities lacking training data. For improving the recognition accuracy, a Confident-Frame- based Recognition algorithm is also proposed, where the video frames with high confidence for recognizing an activity are used as a specialized local model to help classify the remainder of the video frames. Experimental results show the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
description: This manuscript is the accepted version for TCSVT (IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology)
Palladium-Catalyzed, Ring-Forming Aromatic C–H Alkylations with Unactivated Alkyl Halides
Creators: name: Bohan, Patrick T.
name: Venning, Alexander R. O.
name: Alexanian, Erik J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: A catalytic C–H alkylation using unactivated alkyl halides and a variety of arenes and heteroarenes is described. This ring-forming process is successful with a variety of unactivated primary and secondary alkyl halides, including those with β-hydrogens. In contrast to standard polar or radical cyclizations of aromatic systems, electronic activation of the substrate is not required. The mild, catalytic reaction conditions are highly functional group tolerant and facilitate access to a diverse range of synthetically and medicinally important carbocyclic and heterocyclic systems.
In Search of an Adult Attachment Stress Provocation to Measure Effect on the Oxytocin System: A Pilot Validation Study
Creators: name: Seng, Julia S.
name: Carter, C. Sue
name: Munro, Michelle L.
name: Brown, Stephanie L.
name: Pournajafi-Nazarloo, Hossein
name: Lopez, William D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Oxytocin is a promising biomarker for psychiatric conditions arising from early relational trauma, childhood maltreatment, and attachment dysregulation, including posttraumatic stress and dissociative disorders.
Dimensionality, secondary flows and helicity in low-Rm MHD vortices
Creators: name: Baker, Nathaniel T.
name: Pothérat, Alban
name: Davoust, Laurent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we examine the dimensionality of a single electrically driven vortex bounded by two no-slip and perfectly insulating horizontal walls distant by $h$. The study was performed in the weakly inertial limit by means of an asymptotic expansion, which is valid for any Hartmann number. We show that the dimensionality of the leading order can be fully described using the single parameter $l_z^ν/ h$, where $l_z^ν$ represents the distance over which the Lorentz force is able to act before being balanced by viscous dissipation. The base flow happens to introduce inertial recirculations in the meridional plane at the first order, which are shown to follow two radically different mechanisms: inverse Ekman pumping driven by a vertical pressure gradient along the axis of the vortex, or direct Ekman pumping driven by a radial pressure gradient in the Hartman boundary layers. We demonstrate that when the base flow is quasi-2D, the relative importance of direct and inverse pumping is solely determined by the aspect ratio $η/ h$, where $η$ refers to the width of the vortex. Of both mechanisms, only inverse pumping appears to act as a significant source of helicity.
(400429) Margaret McDonald
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Open quantum systems with nonlinear environmental backactions: Extended dissipaton theory versus core-system hierarchy construction
Creators: name: Chen, Zi-Hao
name: Wang, Yao
name: Xu, Rui-Xue
name: Yan, YiJing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we present a comprehensive account of quantum dissipation theories with the quadratic environment couplings. The theoretical development includes the Brownian solvation mode embedded hierarchical quantum master equations, a core-system hierarchy construction that verifies the extended dissipaton equation of motion (DEOM) formalism [R. X. Xu et al., J. Chem. Phys. 148, 114103 (2018)]. Developed are also the quadratic imaginary-time DEOM for equilibrium and the λ (t)-DEOM for nonequilibrium thermodynamics problems. Both the celebrated Jarzynski equality and Crooks relation are accurately reproduced, which in turn confirms the rigorousness of the extended DEOM theories. While the extended DEOM is more numerically efficient, the core-system hierarchy quantum master equation is favorable for ''visualizing'' the correlated solvation dynamics.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures, typos corrected
(400424) Isabella Fenwick
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Supplemental Table 1 from Genetics of a de novo origin of undifferentiated multicellularity
Creators: name: Herron, Matthew D.
name: Ratcliff, William C.
name: Boswell, Jacob
name: Rosenzweig, Frank
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Illumina indices of RNA-Seq samples
Group Event Detection with a Varying Number of Group Members for Video Surveillance
Creators: name: Lin, Weiyao
name: Sun, Ming-Ting
name: Poovendran, Radha
name: Zhang, Zhengyou
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper presents a novel approach for automatic recognition of group activities for video surveillance applications. We propose to use a group representative to handle the recognition with a varying number of group members, and use an Asynchronous Hidden Markov Model (AHMM) to model the relationship between people. Furthermore, we propose a group activity detection algorithm which can handle both symmetric and asymmetric group activities, and demonstrate that this approach enables the detection of hierarchical interactions between people. Experimental results show the effectiveness of our approach.
description: This manuscript is the accepted version for TCSVT (IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology)
Estimating Individualized Treatment Rules Using Outcome Weighted Learning
Creators: name: Zhao, Yingqi
name: Kosorok, Michael R.
name: Rush, A. John
name: Zeng, Donglin
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: There is increasing interest in discovering individualized treatment rules for patients who have heterogeneous responses to treatment. In particular, one aims to find an optimal individualized treatment rule which is a deterministic function of patient specific characteristics maximizing expected clinical outcome. In this paper, we first show that estimating such an optimal treatment rule is equivalent to a classification problem where each subject is weighted proportional to his or her clinical outcome. We then propose an outcome weighted learning approach based on the support vector machine framework. We show that the resulting estimator of the treatment rule is consistent. We further obtain a finite sample bound for the difference between the expected outcome using the estimated individualized treatment rule and that of the optimal treatment rule. The performance of the proposed approach is demonstrated via simulation studies and an analysis of chronic depression data.
Supplemental Material from Origin of biomolecular games: deception and molecular evolution.
Creators: name: Massey, Steven E.
name: Mishra, Bud
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 10202 Biological Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Biological macromolecules encode information: some of it to endow the molecule with structural flexibility, some of it to enable molecular actions as a catalyst or a substrate, but a residual part can be used to communicate with other macromolecules. Thus, macromolecules do not need to possess information only to survive in an environment, but also to strategically interact with others by sending signals to a receiving macromolecule that can properly interpret the signal and act suitably. These sender–receiver signalling games are sustained by the information asymmetry that exists among the macromolecules. In both biochemistry and molecular evolution, the important role of information asymmetry remains largely unaddressed. Here, we provide a new unifying perspective on the impact of information symmetry between macromolecules on molecular evolutionary processes, while focusing on molecular deception. Biomolecular games arise from the ability of biological macromolecules to exert precise recognition, and their role as units of selection, meaning that they are subject to competition and cooperation with other macromolecules. Thus, signalling game theory can be used to better understand fundamental features of living systems such as molecular recognition, molecular mimicry, selfish elements and ‘junk’ DNA. We show how deceptive behaviour at the molecular level indicates a conflict of interest, and so provides evidence of genetic conflict. This model proposes that molecular deception is diagnostic of selfish behaviour, helping to explain the evasive behaviour of transposable elements in ‘junk’ DNA, for example. Additionally, in this broad review, a range of major evolutionary transitions are shown to be associated with the establishment of signalling conventions, many of which are susceptible to molecular deception. These perspectives allow us to assign rudimentary behaviour to macromolecules, and show how participation in signalling games differentiates biochemistry from abiotic chemistry.
(400426) Forbes Fenwick
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Fumigant and repellent potentialsof essential oil from carrot (Daucus carota L.) seeds against Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky
Creators: name: Ruchuon Wanna
Publisher: name: Asia-Pacific Journal of Science and Technology
Year: 2022
Subjects: Insecticide, Toxicity, Plant products, Daucus carota, Sitophilus zeamais, Essential oil

description: Asia-Pacific Journal of Science and Technology, 27, 5, 7
Tunable unconventional Kondo effect on topological insulator surfaces
Creators: name: Isaev, L.
name: Ortiz, G.
name: Vekhter, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study Kondo physics of a spin-$\frac{1}{2}$ impurity in electronic matter with strong spin-orbit interaction, which can be realized by depositing magnetic adatoms on the surface of a three-dimensional topological insulator. We show that magnetic properties of topological surface states and the very existence of Kondo screening strongly depend on details of the bulk material, and specifics of surface preparation encoded in time-reversal preserving boundary conditions for electronic wavefunctions. When this tunable Kondo effect occurs, the impurity spin is screened by purely orbital motion of surface electrons. This mechanism gives rise to a transverse magnetic response of the surface metal, and spin textures that can be used to experimentally probe signatures of a Kondo resonance. Our predictions are particularly relevant for STM measurements in ${\rm Pb Te}$-class crystalline topological insulators, but we also discuss implications for other classes of topological materials.
Semiparametric inference for data with a continuous outcome from a two-phase probability-dependent sampling scheme
Creators: name: Xu, Wangli
name: Cai, Jianwen
name: Zeng, Donglin
name: Zhou, Haibo
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Multi-phased designs and biased sampling designs are two of the well recognized approaches to enhance study efficiency. In this paper, we propose a new and cost-effective sampling design, the two-phase probability dependent sampling design (PDS), for studies with a continuous outcome. This design will enable investigators to make efficient use of resources by targeting more informative subjects for sampling. We develop a new semiparametric empirical likelihood inference method to take advantage of data obtained through a PDS design. Simulation study results indicate that the proposed sampling scheme, coupled with the proposed estimator, is more efficient and more powerful than the existing outcome dependent sampling design and the simple random sampling design with the same sample size. We illustrate the proposed method with a real data set from an environmental epidemiologic study.
Alchemical Grid Dock (AlGDock): Binding Free Energy Calculations between Flexible Ligands and Rigid Receptors
Creators: name: Minh, David D. L
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Alchemical Grid Dock (AlGDock) is open-source software designed to compute the binding potential of mean force (BPMF) - the binding free energy between a flexible ligand and a rigid receptor - for a small organic ligand and a biological macromolecule. Multiple BPMFs can be used to rigorously compute binding affinities between flexible partners. AlGDock uses replica exchange between thermodynamic states at different temperatures and receptor-ligand interaction strengths. Receptor-ligand interaction energies are represented by interpolating precomputed grids. Thermodynamic states are adaptively initialized and adjusted on-the-fly to maintain replica exchange rates. In demonstrative calculations, when the bound ligand is treated as fully solvated, AlGDock estimates BPMFs with a precision within 4 kT in 65% and within 8 kT for 91% of systems. It correctly identifies the native binding pose in 83% of simulations. Performance is sometimes limited by subtle differences in the important configuration space of sampled and targeted thermodynamic states.
description: 53 pages, 12 figures, 4 supplemental figures
Random walks on weighted, oriented percolation clusters
Creators: name: Miller, Katja
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60F05, 60K35, 60K37

description: We consider a weighted random walk on the backbone of an oriented percolation cluster. We determine necessary conditions on the weights for Brownian scaling limits under the annealed and the quenched law. This model is a random walk in dynamic random environment (RWDRE), where the environment is mixing, non-Markovian and not elliptic. We provide a generalization of results obtained previously by Birkner et al. (2013).
description: 26 pages, 2 figures
High-throughput property-driven generative design of functional organic molecules
Creators: name: Westermayr, Julia
name: Gilkes, Joe
name: Barrett, Rhyan
name: Maurer, Reinhard J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The design of molecules and materials with tailored properties is challenging, as candidate molecules must satisfy multiple competing requirements that are often difficult to measure or compute. While molecular structures, produced through generative deep learning, will satisfy those patterns, they often only possess specific target properties by chance and not by design, which makes molecular discovery via this route inefficient. In this work, we predict molecules with (pareto)-optimal properties by combining a generative deep learning model that predicts three dimensional conformations of molecules with a supervised deep learning model that takes these as inputs and predicts their electronic structure. Optimization of (multiple) molecular properties is achieved by screening newly generated molecules for desirable electronic properties and reusing hit molecules to retrain the generative model with a bias. The approach is demonstrated to find optimal molecules for organic electronics applications. Our method is generally applicable and eliminates the need for quantum chemical calculations during predictions, making it suitable for high-throughput screening in materials and catalyst design.
description: 26 pages, 15 figures
Marginally specified priors for non-parametric Bayesian estimation
Creators: name: Hoff, Peter D.
name: Kessler, David C.
name: Dunson, David B.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Prior specification for non-parametric Bayesian inference involves the difficult task of quantifying prior knowledge about a parameter of high, often infinite, dimension. A statistician is unlikely to have informed opinions about all aspects of such a parameter but will have real information about functionals of the parameter, such as the population mean or variance. The paper proposes a new framework for non-parametric Bayes inference in which the prior distribution for a possibly infinite dimensional parameter is decomposed into two parts: an informative prior on a finite set of functionals, and a non-parametric conditional prior for the parameter given the functionals. Such priors can be easily constructed from standard non-parametric prior distributions in common use and inherit the large support of the standard priors on which they are based. Additionally, posterior approximations under these informative priors can generally be made via minor adjustments to existing Markov chain approximation algorithms for standard non-parametric prior distributions. We illustrate the use of such priors in the context of multivariate density estimation using Dirichlet process mixture models, and in the modelling of high dimensional sparse contingency tables.
Management pitfalls and prevalence of lost to follow-up due to unpredicted death in systemic sclerosis
Creators: name: Chingching Foocharoen
Publisher: name: Asia-Pacific Journal of Science and Technology
Year: 2022
Subjects: Scleroderma, Systemic sclerosis, Loss follow-up, Mortality, Pitfalls

description: Asia-Pacific Journal of Science and Technology, 27, 5, 7
(400422) George Fenwick
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
A Computation Control Motion Estimation Method for Complexity-Scalable Video Coding
Creators: name: Lin, Weiyao
name: Panusopone, Krit
name: Baylon, David M.
name: Sun, Ming-Ting
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, a new Computation-Control Motion Estimation (CCME) method is proposed which can perform Motion Estimation (ME) adaptively under different computation or power budgets while keeping high coding performance. We first propose a new class-based method to measure the Macroblock (MB) importance where MBs are classified into different classes and their importance is measured by combining their class information as well as their initial matching cost information. Based on the new MB importance measure, a complete CCME framework is then proposed to allocate computation for ME. The proposed method performs ME in a one-pass flow. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method can allocate computation more accurately than previous methods and thus has better performance under the same computation budget.
description: This manuscript is the accepted version for TCSVT (IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology)
Supplemental Material from Origin of biomolecular games: deception and molecular evolution
Creators: name: Massey, Steven E.
name: Mishra, Bud
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 10202 Biological Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Biological macromolecules encode information: some of it to endow the molecule with structural flexibility, some of it to enable molecular actions as a catalyst or a substrate, but a residual part can be used to communicate with other macromolecules. Thus, macromolecules do not need to possess information only to survive in an environment, but also to strategically interact with others by sending signals to a receiving macromolecule that can properly interpret the signal and act suitably. These sender-receiver signalling games are sustained by the information asymmetry that exist among the macromolecules. In both biochemistry and molecular evolution, the important role of information asymmetry remains largely unaddressed. Here, we provide a new unifying perspective on the impact of information symmetry between macromolecules on molecular evolutionary processes, while focusing on molecular deception. Biomolecular games arise from the ability of biological macromolecules to exert precise recognition, and their role as units of selection, meaning that they are subject to competition and cooperation with other macromolecules. Thus, signalling game theory can be used to better understand fundamental features of living systems such as molecular recognition, molecular mimicry, selfish elements and ‘junk’ DNA. We show how deceptive behaviour at the molecular level indicates a conflict of interest, and so provides evidence of genetic conflict. This model proposes that molecular deception is diagnostic of selfish behaviour, helping to explain the evasive behaviour of transposable elements in ‘junk’ DNA, for example. Additionally, in this broad review, a range of major evolutionary transitions are shown to be associated with the establishment of signalling conventions, many of which are susceptible to molecular deception. These perspectives allow us to assign rudimentary behaviour to macromolecules, and show how participation in signalling games differentiates biochemistry from abiotic chemistry.
Quantum Decomposition Algorithm For Master Equations of Stochastic Processes: The Damped Spin Case
Creators: name: AlMasri, M. W.
name: Wahiddin, M. R. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a quantum decomposition algorithm (QDA) that decomposes the problem $\frac{\partial ρ}{\partial t}=\mathcal{L}ρ=λρ$ into a summation of eigenvalues times phase-space variables. One interesting feature of QDA stems from its ability to simulate damped spin systems by means of pure quantum harmonic oscillators adjusted with the eigenvalues of the original eigenvalue problem. We test the proposed algorithm in the case of undriven qubit with spontaneous emission and dephasing.
description: 9 pages
MPEC 2024-R219 : 2024 RV9
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2024 RV9

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Network Plasticity as Bayesian Inference
Creators: name: Kappel, David
name: Habenschuss, Stefan
name: Legenstein, Robert
name: Maass, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: General results from statistical learning theory suggest to understand not only brain computations, but also brain plasticity as probabilistic inference. But a model for that has been missing. We propose that inherently stochastic features of synaptic plasticity and spine motility enable cortical networks of neurons to carry out probabilistic inference by sampling from a posterior distribution of network configurations. This model provides a viable alternative to existing models that propose convergence of parameters to maximum likelihood values. It explains how priors on weight distributions and connection probabilities can be merged optimally with learned experience, how cortical networks can generalize learned information so well to novel experiences, and how they can compensate continuously for unforeseen disturbances of the network. The resulting new theory of network plasticity explains from a functional perspective a number of experimental data on stochastic aspects of synaptic plasticity that previously appeared to be quite puzzling.
description: 33 pages, 5 figures, the supplement is available on the author's web page http://www.igi.tugraz.at/kappel
(400423) Margaret Fenwick
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Regression analysis of sparse asynchronous longitudinal data
Creators: name: Cao, Hongyuan
name: Fine, Jason P.
name: Zeng, Donglin
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: We consider estimation of regression models for sparse asynchronous longitudinal observations, where time-dependent responses and covariates are observed intermittently within subjects. Unlike with synchronous data, where the response and covariates are observed at the same time point, with asynchronous data, the observation times are mismatched. Simple kernel-weighted estimating equations are proposed for generalized linear models with either time invariant or time-dependent coefficients under smoothness assumptions for the covariate processes which are similar to those for synchronous data. For models with either time invariant or time-dependent coefficients, the estimators are consistent and asymptotically normal but converge at slower rates than those achieved with synchronous data. Simulation studies evidence that the methods perform well with realistic sample sizes and may be superior to a naive application of methods for synchronous data based on an ad hoc last value carried forward approach. The practical utility of the methods is illustrated on data from a study on human immunodeficiency virus.
(400425) John Fenwick
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.