cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Generalized Parton Distributions from Lattice QCD with Asymmetric Momentum Transfer: Unpolarized Quarks
Creators: name: Bhattacharya, Shohini
name: Cichy, Krzysztof
name: Constantinou, Martha
name: Dodson, Jack
name: Gao, Xiang
name: Metz, Andreas
name: Mukherjee, Swagato
name: Scapellato, Aurora
name: Steffens, Fernanda
name: Zhao, Yong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Traditionally, lattice QCD computations of generalized parton distributions (GPDs) have been carried out in a symmetric frame, where the transferred momentum is symmetrically distributed between the incoming and outgoing hadrons. However, such frames are inconvenient since they require a separate calculation for each value of the momentum transfer, increasing significantly the computational cost. In this work, by focusing on the quasi-distribution approach, we lay the foundation for faster and more effective lattice QCD calculations of GPDs exploiting asymmetric frames, with freedom in the transferred momentum distribution. An important ingredient of our approach is the Lorentz covariant parameterization of the matrix elements in terms of Lorentz-invariant amplitudes, which allows one to relate matrix elements in different frames. We also use this amplitude approach to propose a new definition of quasi-GPDs that is frame-independent and, more importantly, may lead to smaller power corrections in the matching relations to the light-cone GPDs. We demonstrate the efficacy of the formalism through numerical calculations using one ensemble of $N_f$=2+1+1 twisted mass fermions with a clover improvement. The value of the light-quark masses lead to a pion mass of about 260 MeV. Concentrating on the proton, and limiting ourselves to a vanishing longitudinal momentum transfer to the target, we extract the invariant amplitudes from matrix element calculations in both the symmetric and asymmetric frame, and obtain results for the twist-2 light-cone GPDs for unpolarized quarks, that is, $H$ and $E$.
description: 39 pages, 19 figures, matches with published version
High Lifetime on n-Type Silicon Wafers Obtained after Boron Diffusion
Creators: name: Edler, A.
name: Jourdan, J.
name: Mihailetchi, V.D.
name: Kopecek, R.
name: Harney, R.
name: Stichtenoth, D.
name: Aichele, T.
name: Grochocki, A.
name: Lossen, J.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Materials and Cells

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 1905-1907
description: For the formation of emitters or back surface fields by means of diffusion the influence of a high
temperature processes on the bulk lifetime of Cz-Si wafers has to be understood. Here we present experiments of
such heat treatments over a temperature range from 850°C to 960°C employing lifetime samples of neighboring
n-type and p-type Cz wafers. In a second experiment we investigated the influence of the wafer origin within the
ingot and compared 2 Cz-ingots from different feedstock material side by side. The results were measured using
the QSSPC technique and μW-PCD lifetime mapping.
Generalized entanglement constraints in multi-qubit systems in terms of Tsallis entropy
Creators: name: Kim, Jeong San
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide generalized entanglement constraints in multi-qubit systems in terms of Tsallis entropy. Using quantum Tsallis entropy of order $q$, we first provide a generalized monogamy inequality of multi-qubit entanglement for $q=2$ or $3$. This generalization encapsulates multi-qubit CKW-type inequality as a special case. We further provide a generalized polygamy inequality of multi-qubit entanglement in terms of Tsallis-$q$ entropy for $1 \leq q \leq2$ or $3 \leq q \leq 4$, which also contains the multi-qubit polygamy inequality as a special case.
description: 6 pages, no figure
Gas Loss by Ram Pressure Stripping and Internal Feedback From Low Mass Milky Way Satellites
Creators: name: Emerick, Andrew
name: Mac Low, Mordecai-Mark
name: Grcevich, Jana
name: Gatto, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The evolution of dwarf satellites of the Milky Way is affected by the combination of ram pressure and tidal stripping, and internal feedback from massive stars. We investigate gas loss processes in the smallest satellites of the Milky Way using three-dimensional, high resolution, idealized wind tunnel simulations, accounting for gas loss through both ram pressure stripping and expulsion by supernova feedback. Using initial conditions appropriate for a dwarf galaxy like Leo T, we investigate whether or not environmental gas stripping and internal feedback can quench these low mass galaxies on the expected timescales, shorter than 2 Gyr. We find that supernova feedback contributes negligibly to the stripping rate for these low star formation rate galaxies. However, we also find that ram pressure stripping is less efficient than expected in the stripping scenarios we consider. Our work suggests that, although ram pressure stripping can eventually completely strip these galaxies, other physics is likely at play to reconcile our computed stripping times with the rapid quenching timescales deduced from observations of low mass Milky Way dwarf galaxies. We discuss the roles additional physics may play in this scenario, including host-satellite tidal interactions, cored vs. cuspy dark matter profiles, reionization, and satellite pre-processing. We conclude that a proper accounting of these physics together is necessary to understand the quenching of low mass Milky Way satellites.
description: 16 pages, 7 figures. Accepted for publication in ApJ
Performance Analysis of PV Systems on the Water
Creators: name: Ueda, Y.
name: Sakurai, T.
name: Tatebe, S.
name: Itoh, A.
name: Kurokawa, K.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
Engineering and System Integration

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 2670-2673
description: Floating PV systems are developed and installed on the water surface of the “Aichi ike” balancing
reservoir in Aichi, Japan. Floating systems are fixed by anchors and DC cables are connected to the inverter which is
mounted on the ground. Systems are grid connected and those outputs are monitored every minute. PV module
cooling system with intermittent watering is installed in one of the floating systems and performance is compared
with the other systems. As a result, loss ratio due to the module temperature rise is reduced from 17.0 [%] to 7.4 [%]
in August 2007. The cooling effect becomes smaller in winter but still has approximately 3 [%] improvements. This
paper describes the overview and analysis result of the PV systems on the water.
Suppression of entanglement in two-mode Gaussian open systems
Creators: name: Mihaescu, Tatiana
name: Isar, Aurelian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the evolution of the entanglement of two independent bosonic modes embedded in a thermal environment, in the framework of the theory of open quantum systems. As a measure of entanglement we use the logarithmic negativity. For a non-zero temperature of the thermal reservoir the entangled initial Gaussian states become always separable in a finite time. For initial squeezed thermal states we calculate the survival time of entanglement and analyze its dependence on temperature, squeezing parameter and mean thermal photon numbers. For a zero temperature of the thermal bath an entangled initial state remains entangled for all finite times, but in the limit of asymptotically large times it becomes separable.
description: 5 pages; 2 figures
On the local genus distribution of graph embeddings
Creators: name: Chen, Ricky X. F.
name: Reidys, Christian M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C30, 05C10, 97K30

description: The $2$-cell embeddings of graphs on closed surfaces have been widely studied. It is well known that ($2$-cell) embedding a given graph $G$ on a closed orientable surface is equivalent to cyclically ordering the edges incident to each vertex of $G$. In this paper, we study the following problem: given a genus $g$ embedding $ε$ of the graph $G$ and a vertex of $G$, how many different ways of reembedding the vertex such that the resulting embedding $ε'$ is of genus $g+Δg$? We give formulas to compute this quantity and the local minimal genus achieved by reembedding. In the process we obtain miscellaneous results. In particular, if there exists a one-face embedding of $G$, then the probability of a random embedding of $G$ to be one-face is at least $\prod_{ν\in V(G)}\frac{2}{deg(ν)+2}$, where $deg(ν)$ denotes the vertex degree of $ν$. Furthermore we obtain an easy-to-check necessary condition for a given embedding of $G$ to be an embedding of minimum genus.
description: 15 pages, significantly modified from arXiv:1503.01499
Suppression of spin-exciton state in hole overdoped iron-based superconductors
Creators: name: Lee, C. H.
name: Kihou, K.
name: Park, J. T.
name: Horigane, K.
name: Fujita, K.
name: Waßer, F.
name: Qureshi, N.
name: Sidis, Y.
name: Akimitsu, J.
name: Braden, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The mechanism of Cooper pair formation in iron-based superconductors remains a controversial topic. The main question is whether spin or orbital fluctuations are responsible for the pairing mechanism. To solve this problem, a crucial clue can be obtained by examining the remarkable enhancement of magnetic neutron scattering signals appearing in a superconducting phase. The enhancement is called spin resonance for a spin fluctuation model, in which their energy is restricted below twice the superconducting gap value (2Ds), whereas larger energies are possible in other models such as an orbital fluctuation model. Here we report the doping dependence of low-energy magnetic excitation spectra in Ba1-xKxFe2As2 for 0.5
description: 20 pages, 8 figures
Highly variable AGN from the XMM-Newton Slew Survey
Creators: name: Strotjohann, N. L.
name: Saxton, R. D.
name: Starling, R. L. C.
name: Esquej, P.
name: Read, A. M.
name: Evans, P. A.
name: Miniutti, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the properties of a variability-selected complete sample of AGN in order to identify the mechanisms which cause large amplitude X-ray variability on time scales of years. A complete sample of 24 sources was constructed, from AGN which changed their soft X-ray luminosity by more than one order of magnitude over 5--20 years between ROSAT observations and the XMM Slew Survey. Follow-up observations were obtained with the Swift satellite. After removal of two probable spurious sources, we find that the sample has global properties which differ little from a non-varying control sample drawn from the wider XMM-Slew/ROSAT/Veron sample of all secure AGN detections. A wide range of AGN types are represented in the varying sample. The black hole mass distributions for the varying and non-varying sample are not significantly different. This suggests that long timescale variability is not strongly affected by black hole mass. There is marginal evidence that the variable sources have a lower redshift (2$σ$) and X-ray luminosity (1.7$σ$). Apart from two radio-loud sources, the sample have normal optical-X-ray ratios ($α_{\rm OX}$) when at their peak but are X-ray weak during their lowest flux measurements. Drawing on our results and other studies, we are able to identify a variety of variability mechanisms at play: tidal disruption events, jet activity, changes in absorption, thermal emission from the inner accretion disc, and variable accretion disc reflection. Little evidence for strong absorption is seen in the majority of the sample and single-component absorption can be excluded as the mechanism for most sources.
description: 23 pages, accepted for publication by A&A
Orthogonality of Bethe Ansatz eigenfunctions for the Laplacian on a hyperoctahedral Weyl alcove
Creators: name: van Diejen, J. F.
name: Emsiz, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 33D52, 82B23, 81R12, 81R50, 81T25

description: We prove the orthogonality of the Bethe Ansatz eigenfunctions for the Laplacian on a hyperoctahedral Weyl alcove with repulsive homogeneous Robin boundary conditions at the walls. To this end these eigenfunctions are retrieved as the continuum limit of an orthogonal basis of algebraic Bethe Ansatz eigenfunctions for a finite $q$-boson system endowed with diagonal open-end boundary interactions.
description: 48 pages, LaTeX
Localized magnetic fields enhance the field-sensitivity of the gyrotropic resonance frequency of a magnetic vortex
Creators: name: Fried, Jasper
name: Metaxas, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have carried out micromagnetic simulations of the gyrotropic resonance mode of a magnetic vortex in the presence of spatially localized and spatially uniform out-of-plane magnetic fields. We show that the field-induced change in the gyrotropic mode frequency is significantly larger when the field is centrally localized over lengths which are comparable to or a few times larger than the vortex core radius. When aligned with the core magnetization, such fields generate an additional confinement of the core. This confinement increases the vortex stiffness in the small displacement limit, leading to a resonance shift which is greater than that expected for a uniform out-of-plane field of the same amplitude. Fields generated by uniformly magnetized spherical particles having a fixed separation from the disk are found to generate analogous effects except that there is a maximum in the shift at intermediate particle sizes where field localization and stray field magnitude combine optimally to generate a maximum confinement.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures
Energy Storage Technologies for Grids With High Penetration of Renewable Energies and for Grid Connected PV Systems
Creators: name: Sauer, D.U.
name: Blank, T.
name: Kowal, J.
name: Magnor, D.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
Balance of System Components

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 2674-2687
description: Fluctuating power generation from renewable energies such as wind and photovoltaic are a technical
challenge for the grid stability. Storage systems are an option to stabilise the grid and to maximise the utilisation
factors of renewable power generators. This paper analyses the state of the art of storage technologies including a
detailed life cycle cost comparison. Beside this, benefits of using storage systems in electric vehicles or privateowned
PV systems are analysed and quantified. A comprehensive overview on storage technologies as well as
possible applications and business cases for storage systems is presented.
Manufacturing and Preliminary Qualification Results of CTJ30% InGaP/InGaAs/Ge Triple Junction Solar Cells for the Future Russian Missions
Creators: name: Campesato, R.
name: Casale, M.
name: Gabetta, G.
name: Gori, G.
name: Kagan, M.
name: Ivanov, V.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics : New Concepts and Ultra-High Efficiency
Solar Cells, Modules and PV Systems for Space Applications

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 205-209
description: InGaP/InGaAs/Ge triple junction solar cells with a size of 26.5 cm2, thickness of 120+/- 20 μm and AM0 efficiency class 30% (CTJ30%), have been manufactured and are currently being qualified following the ESA ECSS E ST20- 08 standard. These solar cells have been developed on a large MOCVD epitaxial reactor, VEECO E450G, suitable to simultaneously
process up to thirteen 4-inch wafers per run. The improvement in conversion efficiency was obtained by introducing Quantum Structures, mainly Bragg Reflectors, inside the solar cell stack. By this approach it is possible to increase the optical depth of the middle sub cell while keeping its physical thickness as low as possible. Moreover a fine tuning of the electrical field inside the solar cell active regions (patent pending design) leads to an
improved hardness to electron irradiation with 1 MeV electrons in comparison to the previous CTJ28% solar cells. This paper presents some results of the qualification tests campaign performed at bare cell level and provides details on the future application of improved solar cells in the solar array manufacturing for the next generation of the Russian spacecraft.
Random Lasing and Reversible Photodegradation in Disperse Orange 11 Dye-Doped PMMA with Dispersed ZrO$_2$ Nanoparticles
Creators: name: Anderson, Benjamin R.
name: Gunawidjaja, Ray
name: Eilers, Hergen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the observation of intensity feedback random lasing at 645 nm in Disperse Orange 11 dye-doped PMMA (DO11/PMMA) with dispersed ZrO$_2$ nanoparticles (NPs). The lasing threshold is found to increase with concentration, with the lasing threshold for 0.1 wt\% being $75.8 \pm 9.4$ MW/cm$^2$ and the lasing threshold for 0.5 wt\% being $121.1 \pm 2.1$ MW/cm$^2$, with the linewidth for both concentrations found to be $\approx 10$ nm. We also consider the material's photostability and find that it displays fully reversible photodegradation with the photostability and recovery rate being greater than previously observed for DO11/PMMA without NPs. This enhancement in photostability and recovery rate is found to be explicable by the modified correlated chromophore domain model, with the NPs resulting in the domain free energy advantage increasing from 0.29 eV to 0.41 eV. Additionally, the molecular decay and recovery rates are found to be in agreement with previous measurements of DO11/PMMA [Polymer Chemistry \textbf{4}, 4948 (2013)]. These results present new avenues for the development of robust photodegradation-resistant organic dye-based optical devices.
description: 11 pages, 9 figures
Solution-Processed Vanadium Oxide as a Hole Collection Layer for High-Efficiency Polymer Solar Cells with an Inverted Architecture
Creators: name: Chang, Y.-M.
name: Ding, J.-M.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics : New Concepts and Ultra-High Efficiency
Organic-based PV

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 221-223
description: Polymer solar cells with an inverted architecture, where the positions of the cathode and anode are
reversed compared to normal devices, have been demonstrated to improve stability. In this work,we develops a highly
efficient inverted polymer solar cell characterized with a low bandgap polymer (OPV3 polymer, provided by Polyera
Corporation) and (6,6)-phenyl C61 butyric acid methyl ester (PC60BM) blend as the bulk-heterojunction layer, and a
solution-based sol-gel derived vanadium oxide (VOx) as the hole-collection interlayer (ITO/ZnO/OPV3:PC60BM/
VOx/Ag). The thus-prepared inverted cells showed a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 6.11% with an opencircuit
voltage (VOC) of 0.71 V, a short-circuit current density (JSC) of 11.9 mA/cm2, and a fill factor (FF) of 72.3%.
Specifically, the performance of the inverted cells were comparable to that of the normal ITO/poly(3,4-
ethylenedioxythiophene:poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS)/OPV3:PC60BM/Ca/Al cells in this study, suggesting
the feasibility of this new alternative approach for developing an ease route for fabricating high-efficiency inverted
polymer solar cells at low temperature processing in ambient atmosphere.
Squeezing $f_{\rm NL}$ out of the matter bispectrum with consistency relations
Creators: name: Goldstein, Samuel
name: Esposito, Angelo
name: Philcox, Oliver H. E.
name: Hui, Lam
name: Hill, J. Colin
name: Scoccimarro, Roman
name: Abitbol, Maximilian H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show how consistency relations can be used to robustly extract the amplitude of local primordial non-Gaussianity ($f_{\rm NL}$) from the squeezed limit of the matter bispectrum, well into the non-linear regime. First, we derive a non-perturbative relation between primordial non-Gaussianity and the leading term in the squeezed bispectrum, revising some results present in the literature. This relation is then used to successfully measure $f_{\rm NL}$ from $N$-body simulations. We discuss the dependence of our results on different scale cuts and redshifts. Specifically, the analysis is strongly dependent on the choice of the smallest soft momentum, $q_{\rm min}$, which is the most sensitive to primordial bispectrum contributions, but is largely independent of the choice of the largest hard momentum, $k_{\rm max}$, due to the non-Gaussian nature of the covariance. We also show how the constraints on $f_{\rm NL}$ improve at higher redshift, due to a reduced off-diagonal covariance. In particular, for a simulation with $f_{\rm NL} = 100$ and a volume of $(2.4 \text{ Gpc}/h)^3$, we measure $f_{\rm NL} = 98 \pm 12$ at redshift $z=0$ and $f_{\rm NL} = 97 \pm 8$ at $z=0.97$. Finally, we compare our results with a Fisher forecast, showing that the current version of the analysis is satisfactorily close to the Fisher error. We regard this as a first step towards the realistic application of consistency relations to constrain primordial non-Gaussianity using observations.
description: 17 pages, 8 figures. Minor changes. Matches version published in PRD
On New Vacua of non-Supersymmetric Strings
Creators: name: Raucci, Salvatore
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe two new types of vacua for ten-dimensional string models without supersymmetry, in which dilaton potentials are compensated by constant electric or magnetic fields. These arise from $α'$ corrections to the equations of motion, and we comment on the reliability of this expansion. We identify explicitly unstable singlet scalar perturbations in the orientifold vacua, and we argue that in both cases additional instabilities are induced by non-abelian couplings.
description: 6 pages
Superfluid $^4$He as a rigorous test bench for different damping models in nanoelectromechanical resonators
Creators: name: Kamppinen, Timo
name: Mäkinen, Jere T.
name: Eltsov, Vladimir B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have used nanoelectromechanical resonators to probe superfluid $^4$He at different temperature regimes, spanning over four orders of magnitude in damping. These regimes are characterized by the mechanisms which provide the dominant contributions to damping and the shift of the resonance frequency: tunneling two level systems at the lowest temperatures, ballistic phonons and rotons at few hundred mK, and laminar drag in the two-fluid regime below the superfluid transition temperature as well as in the normal fluid. Immersing the nanoelectromechanical resonators in fluid increases their effective mass substantially, decreasing their resonance frequency. Dissipationless superflow gives rise to a unique possibility to dramatically change the mechanical resonance frequency in situ, allowing rigorous tests on different damping models in mechanical resonators. We apply this method to characterize tunneling two-level system losses and magnetomotive damping in the devices.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures
Widening Disparity and its Suppression in a Stochastic Replicator Model
Creators: name: Sakaguchi, Hidetsugu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Winner-take-all phenomena are observed in various competitive systems. We find similar phenomena in replicator models with randomly fluctuating growth rates. The disparity between winners and losers increases indefinitely, even if all elements are statistically equivalent. A lognormal distribution describes well the nonstationary time evolution. If a nonlinear load corresponding to progressive taxation is introduced, a stationary distribution is obtained and disparity widening is suppressed.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures, Journal of the Physical Society of Japan to be published
Nanoscale imaging of antiferromagnetic domains in epitaxial films of Cr2O3 via scanning diamond magnetic probe microscopy
Creators: name: Erickson, Adam
name: Shah, Syed Qamar Abbas
name: Mahmood, Ather
name: Fescenko, Ilja
name: Timalsina, Rupak
name: Binek, Christian
name: Laraoui, Abdelghani
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report direct imaging of boundary magnetization associated with antiferromagnetic domains in magnetoelectric epitaxial Cr2O3 thin films using diamond nitrogen vacancy microscopy. We found a correlation between magnetic domain size and structural grain size which we associate with the domain formation process. We performed field cooling, i.e., cooling from above to below the Néel temperature in the presence of magnetic field, which resulted in the selection of one of the two otherwise degenerate 180 degree domains. Lifting of such a degeneracy is achievable with a magnetic field alone due to the Zeeman energy of a weak parasitic magnetic moment in Cr2O3 films that originates from defects and the imbalance of the boundary magnetization of opposing interfaces. This boundary magnetization couples to the antiferromagnetic order parameter enabling selection of its orientation. Nanostructuring the Cr2O3 film with mesa structures revealed reversible edge magnetic states with the direction of magnetic field during field cooling.
Characterization of Multilayer Luminescent Solar Concentrators
Creators: name: Bozzola, A.
name: Flores Daorta, S.
name: Galli, M.
name: Patrini, M.
name: Andreani, L.C.
name: Alessi, A.
name: Fusco, R.
name: Proto, A.
name: Scudo, P.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics : New Concepts and Ultra-High Efficiency
Fundamental Studies

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 259-263
description: We present an experimental study of multilayer luminescent solar concentrators (LSCs) based on
spectroscopic characterization and external quantum efficiency measurement, which is assumed as figure of merit
for this work. We focus on two types of LSCs: polymeric and liquid-based. Our aim is to study the photovoltaic
conversion of solar energy by means of solar spectrum splitting by the LSC, to evaluate the effects of dyes’
concentrations on absorption of sunlight and on self-absorption of emitted fluorescence, and finally to evaluate
the effects of LSCs’ sizes on their performance. Single-layer and bi-layer LSCs are considered, based on one or
more types of fluorescent dyes.
Leveraging cross-correlations and linear covariance-based filtering for line-intensity map reconstructions at linear scales
Creators: name: Chung, Dongwoo T
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the possible application of linear covariance-based (LCB) filtering to line-intensity mapping (LIM) signal reconstructions. Originally introduced for reconstruction of the integrated Sachs-Wolfe effect in the cosmic microwave background, the LCB filter is an optimal map estimator that extends the simple Wiener filter by leveraging external correlated data. Given a detectable strong LIM-galaxy or LIM-LIM cross power spectrum, we show recovery of high-redshift, large-scale line-intensity fluctuations -- even in the presence of bright interloper emission -- in simulations of a futuristic [C II] LIM survey as well as simulated future iterations of the CO Mapping Array Project (COMAP). With sufficient galaxy abundances or low LIM survey noise, normalised cross-correlation between the LCB reconstruction and the true signal reaches 70-90% on large, linear comoving scales corresponding to $k\sim0.1$ Mpc$^{-1}$. This suggests the possible use of such signal reconstructions in astrophysical or cosmological contexts that require identifying the locations of line emissivity peaks and voids, although clear shortcomings exist on smaller scales. The successful application of the LCB filter in simulated LIM contexts highlights the importance of cross-correlations to studies of the reionising and reionised high-redshift universe with LIM and other large-scale structure surveys.
description: 20 pages + appendix and bibliography (27 pages total); 11 figures, 2 tables; v2 matches the version accepted for publication in PRD
Distributed Control for Charging Multiple Electric Vehicles with Overload Limitation
Creators: name: Yang, Bo
name: Li, Jingwei
name: Han, Qiaoni
name: He, Tian
name: Chen, Cailian
name: Guan, Xinping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Severe pollution induced by traditional fossil fuels arouses great attention on the usage of plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) and renewable energy. However, large-scale penetration of PEVs combined with other kinds of appliances tends to cause excessive or even disastrous burden on the power grid, especially during peak hours. This paper focuses on the scheduling of PEVs charging process among different charging stations and each station can be supplied by both renewable energy generators and a distribution network. The distribution network also powers some uncontrollable loads. In order to minimize the on-grid energy cost with local renewable energy and non-ideal storage while avoiding the overload risk of the distribution network, an online algorithm consisting of scheduling the charging of PEVs and energy management of charging stations is developed based on Lyapunov optimization and Lagrange dual decomposition techniques. The algorithm can satisfy the random charging requests from PEVs with provable performance. Simulation results with real data demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can decrease the time-average cost of stations while avoiding overload in the distribution network in the presence of random uncontrollable loads.
description: 30 pages, 13 figures
A dual-control effect preserving formulation for nonlinear output-feedback stochastic model predictive control with constraints
Creators: name: Messerer, Florian
name: Baumgärtner, Katrin
name: Diehl, Moritz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We propose a formulation for approximate constrained nonlinear output-feedback stochastic model predictive control. Starting from the ideal but intractable stochastic optimal control problem (OCP), which involves the optimization over output-dependent policies, we use linearization with respect to the uncertainty to derive a tractable approximation which includes knowledge of the output model. This allows us to compute the expected value for the outer functions of the OCP exactly. Crucially, the dual control effect is preserved by this approximation. In consequence, the resulting controller is aware of how the choice of inputs affects the information available in the future which in turn influences subsequent controls.
description: Final version
Characterization of Microstructure and Interfaces in Cadmium Telluride Thin Film Solar Cells
Creators: name: Zywitzki, O.
name: Modes, T.
name: Morgner, H.
name: Siepchen, B.
name: Späth, B.
name: Grimm, M.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Thin Film Solar Cells
CdTe Solar Cells

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 3016-3020
description: The efficiency of cadmium telluride thin film solar cells is drastically influenced by the microstructure
and interfaces of the whole layer stack consisting of transparent conductive oxide (TCO), n-type cadmium sulfide
layer, p-type cadmium telluride absorber layer and metallic back contact.
In the frame of the present work CdS and CdTe layers are deposited by close-space sublimation (CSS) on a
commercial available SnO2:F (FTO) coated float glass. The layer thickness of cadmium sulfide was varied in the
range between 70 and 150 nm, whereas the subsequent CdCl2 activation procedure was carried out at temperatures
between 390 and 430 °C with a constant treatment time of 20 min. As back contact a gold layer was sputtered after
nitric and phosphoric acid etching of the CdTe layer surface.
Especially for detailed characterization and imaging of interfaces between the layers a high quality cross section
preparation of the solar cells is necessary. For this purpose an ion beam preparation technique is applied. This
preparation technique enables the subsequent investigation of the cross sections by high-resolution field emission
scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). For imaging mainly backscattered electrons are used. The observed
contrast of the backscattered electrons is influenced by crystal orientation (channelling contrast) and by atomic
number (material contrast), whereas topography contrast is suppressed by the ion polishing of the cross sections.
Additionally, surface and interface roughness are characterized by high resolution FE-SEM and atomic force
microscopy (AFM).
As a result an optimized CdS layer thickness could be deduced for the used FTO coated float glass. Further the effect
of CdCl2 activation temperature on CdS grain growth, agglomeration effects and void formation could be elucidated.
The microstructure results are discussed in relationship to the IV characteristics of the solar cells.
Field effect two-dimensional electron gases in modulation-doped InSb surface quantum wells
Creators: name: Bergeron, E. Annelise
name: Sfigakis, F.
name: Shi, Y.
name: Nichols, George
name: Klipstein, P. C.
name: Elbaroudy, A.
name: Walker, Sean M.
name: Wasilewski, Z. R.
name: Baugh, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on transport characteristics of field effect two-dimensional electron gases (2DEG) in surface indium antimonide quantum wells. The topmost 5 nm of the 30 nm wide quantum well is doped and shown to promote the formation of reliable, low resistance Ohmic contacts to surface InSb 2DEGs. High quality single-subband magnetotransport with clear quantized integer quantum Hall plateaus are observed to filling factor $ν=1$ in magnetic fields of up to $B=18$ T. We show that the electron density is gate-tunable, reproducible, and stable from pinch-off to 4$\times 10^{11}$ cm$^{-2}$, and peak mobilities exceed 24,000 cm$^2$/Vs. Large Rashba spin-orbit coefficients up to 110 meV$\cdot$Å are obtained through weak anti-localization measurements. An effective mass of 0.019$m_e$ is determined from temperature-dependent magnetoresistance measurements, and a g-factor of 41 at a density of 3.6$\times 10^{11}$ cm$^{-2}$ is obtained from coincidence measurements in tilted magnetic fields. By comparing two heterostructures with and without a delta-doped layer beneath the quantum well, we find that the carrier density is stable with time when doping in the ternary Al$_{0.1}$In$_{0.9}$Sb barrier is not present. Finally, the effect of modulation doping on structural asymmetry between the two heterostructures is characterized.
description: Main text 7 pages 4 figures; Supplemental 17 pages 7 figures; added bandstructure simulations and MBE growth details, otherwise minor modifications to previous version
Superfunctional materials by ultra-severe plastic deformation
Creators: name: Edalati, Kaveh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Superfunctional materials are defined as materials with specific properties being superior to the functions of engineering materials. Numerous studies introduced severe plastic deformation (SPD) as an effective process to improve the functional and mechanical properties of various metallic and non-metallic materials. Moreover, the concept of ultra-SPD - introducing shear strains over 1000 to reduce the thickness of sheared phases to levels comparable to atomic distances - was recently utilized to synthesize novel superfunctional materials. In this article, the application of ultra-SPD for controlling atomic diffusion and phase transformation and synthesizing new materials with superfunctional properties is discussed. The main properties achieved by ultra-SPD include: (i) high-temperature thermal stability in new immiscible age-hardenable aluminum alloys; (ii) room-temperature superplasticity for the first time in magnesium and aluminum alloys; (iii) high strength and high plasticity in nanograined intermetallics; (iv) low elastic modulus and high hardness in biocompatible binary and high-entropy alloys; (v) superconductivity and high strength in the Nb-Ti alloys; (vi) room-temperature hydrogen storage for the first time in magnesium alloys; and (vii) superior photocatalytic hydrogen production, oxygen production, and carbon dioxide conversion on high-entropy oxides and oxynitrides as a new family of photocatalysts.
NM Early Career Leadership Workshop Facilitation Guide
Creators: name: Balas, Heather
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: A guide for the Facilitation session at the NM EPSCoR Early Career Workshop that was held at Sevilleta Field Station, NM on January 10, 2022. Contains three facilitation techniques: Storyboarding/Workshop/Vision Method, 2. Nominal Group Technique, 3. Pyramid Conversations.
description: The project was funded by the National Science Foundation award #OIA-1757207. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation.
Dilution of the magnetic lattice in the Kitaev candidate $α$-RuCl$_3$ by Rh$^{3+}$ doping
Creators: name: Bastien, G.
name: Vinokurova, E.
name: Lange, M.
name: Bestha, K. K.
name: Corredor, L. T.
name: Kreutzer, G.
name: Lubk, A.
name: Doert, Th.
name: Buchner, B.
name: Isaeva, A.
name: Wolter, A. U. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic dilution of a well-established Kitaev candidate system is realized in the substitutional Ru$_{1-x}$Rh$_x$Cl$_3$ series ($x = 0.02-0.6$). Optimized syntheses protocols yield uniformly-doped single crystals and polycrystalline powders that are isostructural to the parental $α$-RuCl$_3$ as per X-ray diffraction. The Rh content $x$ is accurately determined by the quantitative energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy technique with standards. We determine the magnetic phase diagram of Ru$_{1-x}$Rh$_x$Cl$_3$ for in-plane magnetic fields from magnetization and specific-heat measurements as a function of $x$ and stacking periodicity, and identify the suppression of the magnetic order at $x \approx 0.2$ towards a disordered phase, which does not show any clear signature of freezing into a spin glass. Comparing with previous studies on the substitution series Ru$_{1-x}$Ir$_x$Cl$_3$, we propose that chemical pressure would contribute to the suppression of magnetic order especially in Ru$_{1-x}$Ir$_x$Cl$_3$ and that the zigzag magnetic ground state appears to be relatively robust with respect to the dilution of the Kitaev--$Γ$--Heisenberg magnetic lattice. We also discovered a slight dependence of the magnetic properties on thermal cycling, which would be due to an incomplete structural transition.
Pulsed Plasma Deposition for CdTe Solar Cells and Its Up-Scaling for Large Area Applications
Creators: name: Nozar, P.
name: Taliani, C.
name: Zuccon, S.
name: Prescimone, F.
name: Baldini, T.
name: Tedeschi, G.
name: Mittica, G.
name: Skocdopole, V.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Thin Film Solar Cells
CdTe Solar Cells

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 3026-3029
description: This work is aimed to demonstrate the advantages of using Pulsed Plasma Deposition (PPD) for the
industrial production of CdTe based photovoltaic cells on large area substrates. The research consists, on one
side, in optimizing the process of deposition and fabrication of (CdTe/CdS) solar cells with the aim to improve
the efficiency, and on the other side much attention and work have been paid for demonstrating the scalability of
the process towards industrialization. In this paper we demonstrate that the PPD, which shows several advantages
for the production of thin films for applications in the photovoltaic field, is suitable for large area fabrication. In
fact the PPD combines large deposition rates, and excellent film quality with the simplicity and versatility of the
process. Moreover the relatively low cost of the equipments required for the production make of it a promising
resource for the photovoltaic industry.
PPD offers several advantages concerning its industrialization. Experimental tests show that using more than one
source, the plasma plumes generate a uniform film on a wide area.
The possibility to reach an high deposition rate, which is much larger than traditional sputtering and CVD
techniques, permits to reduce the deposition time, so to obtain a higher productivity. At the same time, since the
process temperature is lower compared to conventional techniques, the thermal budget is reduced with a
consequent reduction of the related energy costs.
We have fabricated ZnO/CdS/CdTe cells whose efficiency resulted in the 10% range showing the high potential
of the technology.
Specifying and Exploiting Non-Monotonic Domain-Specific Declarative Heuristics in Answer Set Programming
Creators: name: Comploi-Taupe, Richard
name: Friedrich, Gerhard
name: Schekotihin, Konstantin
name: Weinzierl, Antonius
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Domain-specific heuristics are an essential technique for solving combinatorial problems efficiently. Current approaches to integrate domain-specific heuristics with Answer Set Programming (ASP) are unsatisfactory when dealing with heuristics that are specified non-monotonically on the basis of partial assignments. Such heuristics frequently occur in practice, for example, when picking an item that has not yet been placed in bin packing. Therefore, we present novel syntax and semantics for declarative specifications of domain-specific heuristics in ASP. Our approach supports heuristic statements that depend on the partial assignment maintained during solving, which has not been possible before. We provide an implementation in ALPHA that makes ALPHA the first lazy-grounding ASP system to support declaratively specified domain-specific heuristics. Two practical example domains are used to demonstrate the benefits of our proposal. Additionally, we use our approach to implement informed} search with A*, which is tackled within ASP for the first time. A* is applied to two further search problems. The experiments confirm that combining lazy-grounding ASP solving and our novel heuristics can be vital for solving industrial-size problems.
The low-mass end of the baryonic Tully-Fisher relation
Creators: name: Sales, Laura V.
name: Navarro, Julio F.
name: Oman, Kyle
name: Fattahi, Azadeh
name: Ferrero, Ismael
name: Abadi, Mario G.
name: Bower, Richard
name: Crain, Robert A.
name: Frenk, Carlos S.
name: Sawala, Till
name: Schaller, Matthieu
name: Schaye, Joop
name: Theuns, Tom
name: White, Simon D. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The scaling of disk galaxy rotation velocity with baryonic mass (the "Baryonic Tully-Fisher" relation, BTF) has long confounded galaxy formation models. It is steeper than the M ~ V^3 scaling relating halo virial masses and circular velocities and its zero point implies that galaxies comprise a very small fraction of available baryons. Such low galaxy formation efficiencies may in principle be explained by winds driven by evolving stars, but the tightness of the BTF relation argues against the substantial scatter expected from such vigorous feedback mechanism. We use the APOSTLE/EAGLE simulations to show that the BTF relation is well reproduced in LCDM simulations that match the size and number of galaxies as a function of stellar mass. In such models, galaxy rotation velocities are proportional to halo virial velocity and the steep velocity-mass dependence results from the decline in galaxy formation efficiency with decreasing halo mass needed to reconcile the CDM halo mass function with the galaxy luminosity function. Despite the strong feedback, the scatter in the simulated BTF is smaller than observed, even when considering all simulated galaxies and not just rotationally-supported ones. The simulations predict that the BTF should become increasingly steep at the faint end, although the velocity scatter at fixed mass should remain small. Observed galaxies with rotation speeds below ~40 km/s seem to deviate from this prediction. We discuss observational biases and modeling uncertainties that may help to explain this disagreement in the context of LCDM models of dwarf galaxy formation.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures, submitted to MNRAS