Megaodynerus bimaculus Bai, Chen & Li 2021, sp. n.
Creators: name: Bai, Yue
name: Chen, Bin
name: Li, Ting-Jing
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Vespidae
Megaodynerus
Megaodynerus bimaculus

description: Megaodynerus bimaculus Bai, Chen & Li, sp. n.
(Figs 77–84)
Material examined. Holotype, 1♀, China, Hunan Province, Hengshan Mountain, 27.289°N, 112.711°E, 1023 m, VII.1985, the collector is unspecified (CNU).
Diagnosis. This species is distinguished from the known species Megaodynerus maximus Gusenleitner, 2012 by the following character combination: clypeus slightly wider than long (about 1.1 times) with its basal half yellow (Fig. 78), punctures on basal part of T1 much coarser and obviously reticulate, and T2 apically with two lateral spots (Fig. 83).
Description. Female (Fig. 77). Body length 16.2 mm, forewing length 14.5 mm; forns with not very thick brown hair, about a length which corresponds to the diameter of an ocelli; mesosoma covered with strongly short and thick, uniform in length, brown setae except mesopleuron and propodeum lateral surfaces with longer and light setae, abdomen with microscopic pubescence; black, with the following parts yellow: basal half of clypeus, antenna ventrally except A4–A12, interantennal spot, small spots on gena, anterior spots on the pronotum medially, posterior apex of tegula, fore femur and tibia ventrally, a wide apical band of T1 widening inwards and medially with a narrow gap, and a wide apical band and two lateral spots of T2 (apical band of T2 brownish yellow); wings brown, purple reflective.
Head. In frontal view, head subcircular, about 1.1 times as wide as long (Fig. 78); vertex (Fig. 79) with two big connecting cephalic foveae, close to each other, bearing dense pubescence, area surrounding foveae obviously depressed; distance from posterior ocellus to occipital carina nearly twice the distance from posterior ocellus to inner eye margin; vertex with moderate punctures; gena with sparse punctures; frons with coarse punctures and interspaces slightly reticulate; occipital carina complete along gena and developed almost like a lamella laterally; clypeus (Fig. 78) moderately convex, with sparse and small punctures, interspaces microscopically streaked at apex, about 1.1 times as wide as long, apical margin slightly emarginated; clypeal width: apical width = 1.83: 0.66, apical width longer than interantennal distance; mandible with four prominent teeth.
Mesosoma. Mesosoma longer than wide in dorsal view (Fig. 81); pronotum with sparse punctures and sparser than vertex; pronotal carina strongly raised and complete; tegula with minute punctures; mesoscutum weakly convex, about 1.1 times as long as wide, posterior apex with two deep longitudinal furrows (Fig. 81), basally with dense punctures and apically with slightly sparser punctures; scutellum weakly convex, in lateral view at the same level of mesoscutum, medially with a shallow longitudinal furrow, basally with sparse punctures and apically with dense punctures; metanotum convex, slightly higher than scutellum, and sloping down to apical margin, medially with a wide longitudinal furrow, metanotum with coarser, denser punctures, basally strongly carinate and reticulate (Figs 81–82); mesopleuron dorsally with moderate punctures mixed with oblique striae, and ventrally with denser punctures, coarser and larger than pronotum; metapleuron with finely striae extending to whole lower side of lateral surface of propodeum(Fig. 80), upper side of lateral surface similar to its dorsal surface; propodeum (Figs 80–82) dorsally with large and coarse flat–bottomed punctures, strongly carinate and reticulate, medially excavated and the basal fovea about 0.3 times of the length of the median carina which runs from the fovea to apical margin; dorsal and posterior surfaces connected by reticulate car; posterior and lateral surfaces connected by bluntly angulate, posterior surface concave and coriaceous, densely with fine punctures and oblique striae, propodeal carina widened at apical margin.
Metasoma. T1 (Fig. 83) slightly wider than long (1.3 times); T2 (Fig. 83) about 1.1 times as wide as long; T1 with extremely large, dense and deep punctures, strongly carinate and reticulate, at the transition from the horizontal surface to the anterior vertical surface and on the sides, with longitudinal furrow on the horizontal surface medially; T2 with thin apical lamella, T2 with small and sparse punctures; S2 (Fig. 84) strongly concave at base, and with sparse and small punctures sparser and smaller than T2; T3 with barely apical lamella, T3–T6 punctures denser and coarser than T2; S1 basally with slight striae, the broad end part with a strong horizontal striae; S3–S4 surface coarse, punctures on S3–S4 denser than S2, S5–S6 surface coarse, with extremely small punctures.
Male. Unknown.
Distribution. China (Hunan).
Etymology. The specific name is derived from two Latin words: bi- (=two) and macula (= spot), referring to the two lateral spots on T2.
description: Published as part of Bai, Yue, Chen, Bin & Li, Ting-Jing, 2021, Two newly recorded genera Malayepipona Giordani Soika and Megaodynerus Gusenleitner, with eight new species from China (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Eumeninae), pp. 371-391 in Zootaxa 5060 (3) on pages 389-391, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5060.3.4, http://zenodo.org/record/5635877