cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Water in Comet 2/2003 K4 (LINEAR) with Spitzer
Creators: name: Woodward, Charles E.
name: Kelley, Michael S.
name: Bockelee-Morvan, Dominique
name: Gehrz, R. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present sensitive 5.5 to 7.6 micron spectra of comet C/2003 K4 (LINEAR) obtained on 16 July 2004 (r_{h} = 1.760 AU, Delta_{Spitzer} = 1.409 AU, phase angle 35.4 degrees) with the Spitzer Space Telescope. The nu_{2} vibrational band of water is detected with a high signal-to-noise ratio (> 50). Model fitting to the best spectrum yields a water ortho-to-para ratio of 2.47 +/- 0.27, which corresponds to a spin temperature of 28.5^{+6.5}_{-3.5} K. Spectra acquired at different offset positions show that the rotational temperature decreases with increasing distance from the nucleus, which is consistent with evolution from thermal to fluorescence equilibrium. The inferred water production rate is (2.43 +/- 0.25) \times 10^{29} molec. s^{-1}. The spectra do not show any evidence for emission from PAHs and carbonate minerals, in contrast to results reported for comets 9P/Tempel 1 and C/1995 O1 (Hale-Bopp). However, residual emission is observed near 7.3 micron the origin of which remains unidentified.
description: 33 pages, including 11 figures, 2 tables, ApJ 2007 accepted
Additional file 1 of Immunotheranostic target modules for imaging and navigation of UniCAR T-cells to strike FAP-expressing cells and the tumor microenvironment
Creators: name: Loureiro, Liliana R.
name: Hoffmann, Lydia
name: Neuber, Christin
name: Rupp, Luise
name: Arndt, Claudia
name: Kegler, Alexandra
name: Kubeil, Manja
name: Hagemeyer, Christoph E.
name: Stephan, Holger
name: Schmitz, Marc
name: Feldmann, Anja
name: Bachmann, Michael
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 1: Supp. Fig. 1. – Binding and killing assessment of aFAP TMs to FAP-negative cells. As a control for specific binding and killing, flow cytometry (a) and luciferase-based killing assays (b) using HT1080 cells (FAP-negative cells) in the presence of 50nM aFAP TMs were performed, respectively. One representative measurement or donor is shown. Supp. Fig. 2. – Profile of pro-inflammatory cytokines released by UniCAR T-cells in the presence of aFAP TMs and absence of target cells. UniCAR T-cells alone or in the presence of 50nM aFAP-scFv (square) or–IgG4 (triangle) TMs were incubated for 24h followed by cytokine release assessment. Scatter bar plots represent the cytokine concentrations ± SD for four individual T-cell donors, Supp. Fig. 3. – MALDI TOF MS, Radio-SDS-PAGE, and Radio-HPLC of radiolabeled aFAP TMs. a, TMs were conjugated with the Cu-chelator NODAGA and degree of conjugation was determined by MALDI-TOF MS. b and c, radiolabeled aFAP TMs were analyzed using SDS-PAGE followed by Radioluminography (b) and Coomassie Brilliant Blue staining (c). d. radiochemical purity was analyzed using Radio-HPLC. Supp. Fig. 4. – Immunoblotting of tumor lysates from mouse models. Cell lysates obtained from tumors extracted from the mice were stained for FAP expression using immunoblotting. GAPDH expression was used as control.
Hospitalized and released schizophrenic and nonpsychiatric subjects’ performance on measures of thought disorder
Creators: name: Klinka, Jan
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: An attempt was made to separate the effects of length of illness from the effects of length of hospitalization on the vocabulary and concept formation performance of chronic schizophrenic and chronic nonpsychiatric patients. Groups of these patients approximately matched for length of illness, but which differed in terms of total time spent in institutions (several years vs. a few months) were compared on the Rattan and Chapman vocabulary test that includes associative distractors and on several concept formation measures derived by Harrow et al. from the Object Sorting Test. The schizophrenic inpatients and outpatients (all under antipsychotic medication) were further subdivided into paranoid and nonparanoid subgroups and equated on severity of current disturbance. A total of 90 patients served as subjects. The results indicated that nonparanoid schizophrenics show the most deficits on the measures used in the study (particularly associative intrusions and idiosyncratic thinking), while paranoid schizophrenics performed at levels that were comparable to the performance of the chronic nonpsychiatric patients. It was also found that associative intrusions and idiosyncratic thinking were the measures that provided the best discrimination between patients with prolonged as opposed to short institutionalization. It was concluded that neither length of illness nor length of institutionalization by itself accounts for the cognitive deficits found in this study. Rather, such effects depend on the particular subtypes of schizophrenic patients, the particular indices of thought deficits, and the particular measuring instruments.
Measuring 10-1000 GeV Cosmic Ray Electrons with GLAST/LAT
Creators: name: Moiseev, Alexander A.
name: Ormes, Jonathan F.
name: Moskalenko, Igor V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present here the capabilities of the GLAST Large Area Telescope to detect cosmic ray high-energy (HE) electrons in the energy range from 10 GeV to 1 TeV. We also discuss the science topics that can be investigated with HE electron data and quantify the results with LAT instrument simulations. The science topics include CR propagation, calibration of the IC gamma-ray model, testing hypotheses regarding the origin of HE energy cosmic-ray electrons, searching for any signature of Kaluza Klein Dark Matter annihilation, and measuring the HE electron anisotropy. We expect to detect ~ 107 electrons above 20 GeV per year of LAT operation.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures, 1 table
AstroSat detection of a mHz QPO and cyclotron line in IGR J19294+1816 during the 2019 outburst
Creators: name: Raman, Gayathri
name: Varun
name: Paul, Biswajit
name: Bhattacharya, Dipankar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results from timing and spectral analysis of the HMXB X-ray pulsar IGR J19294+1816 observed using \asr during its recent Type-I outburst in October, 2019. AstroSat observations sampled the outburst at the decline phase right after the outburst peak. We carried out timing analysis on the light curves obtained using the Large Area X-ray Proportional Counter (LAXPC) instrument on board AstroSat and measured a spin period of 12.485065$\pm$0.000015 s. The peak in the power density spectrum (PDS) corresponding to the spin period of 12.48 s also shows a broadened base. We also detected a Quasi Periodic Oscillation (QPO) feature at 0.032$\pm$0.002 Hz with an RMS fractional amplitude of $\sim$18% in the PDS. We further carried out a joint spectral analysis using both the Soft X-ray Telescope (SXT) and the LAXPC instruments and detected a Cyclotron Resonant Scattering Feature (CRSF) at 42.7$\pm$0.9 keV and an Fe emission line at 6.4$\pm$0.1 keV. IGR J19294+1816, being an intermediate spin pulsar, has exhibited a plethora of spectral and timing features during its most recent 2019 outburst, adding it to the list of transients that exhibit both a QPO as well as a CRSF.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
High-output CPP-GMR sensor with synthetic-ferrimagnet free layer and enhanced spin-torque critical currents
Creators: name: Carey, M. J.
name: Smith, Neil
name: Maat, S.
name: Childress, J. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that the maximum stable output of a CPP-GMR sensor is increased significantly by using a synthetic ferrimagnet free layer, provided the electron current flows from free layer to reference layer. This free layer allows a larger magnetoresistance ratio for a given free layer magnetic moment, and in addition results in a greater than three-fold increase in the critical current above which spin-torque instability of the free layer occurs. In read heads with net free layer moments equivalent to only 4.5nm of Ni80Fe20, this effect is shown to result in sustainable sense current densities above 2e8 A/cm2.
description: 9 pages (manuscript form), wih 4 embedded figures. Submitted for publication
Spontaneous breaking of discrete symmetries in QCD on a small volume
Creators: name: Lucini, Biagio
name: Patella, Agostino
name: Pica, Claudio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a compact space with non-trivial cycles, for sufficiently small values of the compact dimensions, charge conjugation (C), spatial reflection (P) and time reversal (T) are spontaneously broken in QCD. The order parameter for the symmetry breaking is the trace of the Wilson line wrapping around the compact dimension, which acquires an imaginary part in the broken phase. We show that a physical signature for the symmetry breaking is a persistent baryonic current wrapping in the compact directions. The existence of such a current is derived analytically at first order in perturbation theory and confirmed in the non-perturbative regime by lattice simulations.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, based on the poster presented by B. Lucini at Pascos 07
Using Traceless Genetic Programming for Solving Multiobjective Optimization Problems
Creators: name: Oltean, Mihai
name: Grosan, Crina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Traceless Genetic Programming (TGP) is a Genetic Programming (GP) variant that is used in cases where the focus is rather the output of the program than the program itself. The main difference between TGP and other GP techniques is that TGP does not explicitly store the evolved computer programs. Two genetic operators are used in conjunction with TGP: crossover and insertion. In this paper, we shall focus on how to apply TGP for solving multi-objective optimization problems which are quite unusual for GP. Each TGP individual stores the output of a computer program (tree) representing a point in the search space. Numerical experiments show that TGP is able to solve very fast and very well the considered test problems.
description: 9 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2110.02014
Theory of high-power excitation spectra of rf-SQUID
Creators: name: Dmytruk, Olesia
name: Rodriguez, R. H.
name: Girit, Ç. Ö.
name: Schiró, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the theory of linear and non-linear spectroscopy of an rf-SQUID coupled to a Josephson spectrometer. Recent experimental measurements on this system have shown a strongly non-linear absorption lineshape, whose current peak maximum undergoes a forward-backward bending transition depending on the value of the rf-SQUID phase. We show that this transition can be qualitatively understood by mapping the dynamics of the driven rf-SQUID onto a generalized Duffing oscillator, with tunable drive and non-linearity, undergoing a bifurcation. Finally we show that in order to quantitatively reproduce the experimental data reported in arXiv:2106.02632, it is crucial to include the feedback from the load-line, leading to an additional source of non-linearity.
description: 13 pages, 7 figures
A Coding of Real Null Four-Momenta into World-Sheet Co-ordinates
Creators: name: Fairlie, David B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The results of minimizing the action for string-like systems on a simply-connected world sheet are shown to encode the Cartesian components of real null momentum four-vectors into co-ordinates on the world sheet. This identification arises consistently from different approaches to the problem.
description: 9 pages, Latex2e
Controlled Nucleation and Growth of Carbon Nitride Films on CNT Fiber Fabric for Photoelectrochemical Applications
Creators: name: Karjule, Neeta
name: Rana, Moumita
name: Shalom, Menny
name: Barrio, Jesús
name: Vilatela, Juan Jos'{e}
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The controlled growth of carbon nitride (CN) films with tailored electronic properties and surface area is quite challenging due to the solid-state reaction and the lack of efficient interaction between C-N monomers and substrates. Herein, controlled growth of CN films over robust carbon nanotubes (CNT) fiber fabric is reported, which is obtained by either direct calcination of melamine on their surface, that yields a bulk material, or by its chemical vapor deposition resulting in hybrid films. These materials are effective electrodes consisting of high surface-area CN containing CNT fiber fabrics acting as a scaffold and a highly conducting built-in current collector. The results confirm that CNTs act as nucleation centers for the formation of CN films, forming close contact at the CN/CNT interphase, and resulting in efficient charge transfer upon illumination and enhanced electrochemical surface area.
On the robustness of model-based algorithms for photoacoustic tomography: comparison between time and frequency domains
Creators: name: Hirsch, L.
name: Gonzalez, M. G.
name: Vega, L. Rey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: For photoacoustic image reconstruction, certain parameters such as sensor positions and speed of sound have a major impact in the reconstruction process and must be carefully determined before data acquisition. Uncertainties in these parameters can lead to errors produced by a modeling mismatch, hindering the reconstruction process and severely affecting the resulting image quality. Therefore, in this work we study how modeling errors arising from uncertainty in sensor locations affect the images obtained by matrix model-based reconstruction algorithms based on time domain and frequency domain models of the photoacoustic problem. The effects on the reconstruction performance with respect to the uncertainty in the knowledge of the sensors location is compared and analyzed both in a qualitative and quantitative fashion for both time and frequency models. Ultimately, our study shows that the frequency domain approach is more sensitive to this kind of modeling errors. These conclusions are supported by numerical experiments and a theoretical sensitivity analysis of the mathematical operator for the direct problem.
description: This work has been submitted to the Review Scientific Instruments for publication
title: Methods to estimate when to stop a treatment and treatment duration using observational data: A methodological review
Creators: name: HAO, Peiyu
name: Porcher, Raphaël
Publisher: name: OSF Registries
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Biomedical
subject: Biostatistics
subject: Methodology

description: This review systematically mapping how observational data are used to determine when to discontinue treatment or estimate optimal treatment duration, and summarizes guidance on which methodological and precise statistical methods are preferable or when they must be preferred.
Micro economic approaches to technical change in the Canadian beef cattle industry: two studies of crossbreeding as an innovation
Creators: name: Kerr, William Alexander
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This dissertation investigates the process of genetic-based technical change in the Canadian beef cattle industry. Specifically, I analyze the effect of market forces on three processes necessary for genetic-based technological change: expansion of the genetic pool, inbreeding of divergent genetic strains to increase the probability of desired heritable properties in a pure breeding strain, and crossing of pure breeding strains to take advantage of hybrid vigour. This is accomplished through two studies. The first study, examines the expansion of the genetic pool through the establishment of purebred breeders of cattle breeds imported since 1965. A model is developed to explain the location of breeders within a time framework. The model was tested across breeds and over time. The process of breeder location appears consistent for the various breeds and can help explain the dates of availability of new breeds of cattle in different areas of the country. The second study examines the ongoing process of genetic technical change through the improvement and sale of breeding stock. A model is developed explicitly using the "characteristics" approach to production with the phenotypic characteristics of breeding bulls as arguments in a production function. Prices of individual bulls and values for the characteristics were collected at bull sales and shadow values for the characteristics estimated. These shadow values were used to predict characteristics which should be emphasized in herd improvement, and the prediction was compared to observed practices. The use of the characteristic: approach led to the identification of a different production function for the traditional straightbred technology and the new crossbred technology. Market forces seem to regulate the process of technological change and promote breed improvement. The major constraint to availability appears to be the limitation on imports and the biological limits to increasing the stock of purebred females.
title: Quelles sont les stratégies de coping mobilisées par les jeunes adultes vivant avec un trouble bipolaire dans le cadre de l’autogestion de leur maladie au quotidien ?
title: Quelles sont les stratégies de coping mobilisées par les jeunes adultes vivant avec un trouble bipolaire dans le cadre de l’autogestion de leur maladie au quotidien ?
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Dias, Barbara
name: Meyer, Cleonice
name: Oliveira, Sílvia (Oliveira Da Silva Ferreira, Sílvia Cristina)
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 0
Subjects: subject: Trouble bipolaire
subject: Autogestion
subject: Stratégies de coping
subject: Défis
subject: Forces
subject: Ressources
subject: Comportements de santé
subject: Partenariat
subject: hesav TB SI

description: Introduction : L’accompagnement des personnes vivant avec un trouble bipolaire représente un réel défi pour les professionnels de la santé. Maladie de tous les extrêmes, l’engagement de la personne dans la gestion de son trouble peut avoir un impact important dans la réduction des rechutes et des hospitalisations tout comme dans la manière dont la crise est vécue et surmontée. Objectif : Répondre à la question de recherche « Quelles sont les stratégies de coping mobilisées par les jeunes adultes vivant avec un trouble bipolaire dans le cadre de l’autogestion de leur maladie au quotidien ? » Méthode : Il s’agit d’une revue de littérature. La. recherche des articles scientifiques a été faite sur les bases de données PubMed et CINHAL ainsi que sur Google Scholar. La théorie de Moyra Allen a été choisie comme cadre de référence. Résultats : Les stratégies mises en avant dans nos articles ont été regroupées en 5 grands thèmes : maintenir une hygiène de vie ; entretenir des liens sociaux ; jouer un rôle actif dans la gestion du trouble ; s’inspirer des paires et garder un lien avec le réseau de soin. Discussion : Le partenariat est sans doute un des piliers lors de l’accompagnement des personnes vivant avec un trouble bipolaire. De ce fait, il est primordial de sensibiliser les professionnels de la santé au concept de l’autogestion pour que l’accompagnement soit optimal. Conclusion : Promouvoir le partenariat collaboratif ainsi que la sensibilisation à l’autogestion permettra de garantir une meilleure qualité des soins prodigués.
Footing
Creators: name: Gill, Virginia Teas
Publisher: name: OSF
Year: 2022
Subjects: Conversation Analysis
Encyclopedia
Ethnomethodology
Interactional Linguistics

description: Footing (Goffman 1974: 496-559, 1979, 1981: 124-159) refers to the alignments people take up in respect to vocal and embodied actions during social encounters. Goffman recognized that the categories Speaker and Hearer are too general to capture the range of ways people manage their participation as producers and recipients. The concept of footing reflects Goffman’s effort to “decompose” these participation statuses into more precise elements (1979: 16, 1981: 144).
Atomic-Scale Visualization of the Cuprate Pair Density Wave State
Creators: name: Du, Zengyi
name: Li, Hui
name: Fujita, Kazuhiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A recent discovery of the pair density wave (PDW) order creates a stir in understanding an underlying physics in the pseudogap states of the cuprate high temperature superconductors. We have performed a Spectroscopic Imaging Scanning Tunneling Microscopy (SI-STM) measurements on Bi$_2$Sr$_2$CaCu$_2$O$_8$+$δ$ and identified that spatially uniform d-wave superconductivity (DSC), d-symmetry charge density wave (CDW), and the PDW play important roles in an intertwined fashion. In this review, we show how these different electronic degrees of freedom emerges in electronic structures of the cuprate and discuss how they are related to each other.
description: Submitted version of the invited review on special topics in JPSJ
Ruskin's Decay: Architecture, Geology, and Wisdom
Creators: name: Espersen-Peters, Kurt
Publisher: name: Lancaster University
Year: 2024

description: John Ruskin had a life-long love of architecture, especially old
 buildings. He valued them for their age and longevity in the face of
 decay. As much as he loved old buildings, he loved mountains even more.
 Mountains were the closest thing Ruskin had to tangible evidence of God’s
 intention. But mountains were also falling apart before his eyes,
 prompting him to ask if we were witnesses to the “earth’s prime” or the
 “wreck of Paradise.” In a world Ruskin saw as being divinely ordained, the
 question was not about how mountains eroded but why they were permitted to
 do so. His dilemma was reconciling the splendour and beauty of mountain
 and architectural form with the material and symbolic process of erasure
 and degradation. The question emerged: how was decay to be understood?

 This thesis identifies the material and spirito-theological connections
 between architecture, mountain form, and wisdom through the concept of
 decay in the works of John Ruskin. It establishes a running cross-dialogue
 with existing aesthetic, architectural, and wisdom scholarship by
 Rosenberg, Landow, Hewison, Fitch, Birch, Wheeler, and

 O’Gorman, and argues a contiguous perspective on decay that is often
 overlooked. The thesis traces Ruskin’s awareness of decay across his long
 creative life of observing aging buildings, unsculptured mountain peaks,
 and personified natural forces, demonstrating a predilection towards
 organic decay that is creative and beautiful. Ruskin’s aesthetic and
 geological investigations reveal how divine wisdom governs decay and
 emerges as a common link in shaping architectural and mountain forms.
 Wisdom unites the ruling intention of the creative act, a physical force
 impacting the degradation of material form, and prudential guidance in the
 activities of humanity. Ruskin visualizes decay not as a destructive act
 but a creative one—a becoming ordained by the divine mind, affirming that
 mountains, like buildings, are designed to decay.
title: Hochzeiten und Heiraten als „rite de confirmation“: performative Herstellung geschlechtlicher Eindeutigkeiten in Zeiten des Wandels
Creators: name: Bührmann, Andrea D.
name: Thiele-Manjali, Ulrike
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Geschlechterdifferenz
subject: Geschlechterstereotyp
subject: hegemoniales Paar
subject: Heirat
subject: Hochzeit
subject: Lebenspartnerschaft
subject: Retraditionalisierung
subject: Verpartnerung
subject: ddc:300

description: Die konstatierte Pluralisierung der Lebensweisen und die damit eng verknüpfte Erosion der Arbeitsteilung zwischen den Geschlechtern provozieren die Frage nach deren Auswirkung(en) auf die Kategorie Geschlecht. Am Beispiel sich wandelnder Praxen des Hochzeitens und Heiratens (in Göttingen) soll dieser Frage nachgegangen werden. Denn während die einen von einer De-Thematisierung von Geschlecht und die anderen von nur rhetorischer Modernisierung sprechen, gehen wir davon aus, dass die hier angesprochenen (Darstellungs-)Praktiken da zu dienen, zumindest auf einer symbolischen Ebene ein hierarchisches Geschlechterverhältnis zu inszenieren, das gerade auf der Ebene der empirisch-praktischen Lebensführung von Paaren zu erodieren scheint. Das hier beobachtete Paradox verweist darauf, dass sich die Praktiken der Reproduktion gegenwärtiger Geschlechterverhältnisse verschoben haben könnten.
Mental health in South African adolescents living with HIV
Creators: name: Hanrahan, Colleen
name: Bassett, Jean
name: Nel, Jeremy
name: Mudavanhu, Mutsa
name: France, Holly
name: Schwartz, Sheree
name: Van Rie, Annelies
name: West, Nora
name: Bernhardt, Shelley
name: Mutunga, Lillian
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018

description:
We examined the prevalence of mental health conditions, social support, and associated factors among adolescents living with HIV. We conducted a cross-sectional analysis with adolescents (ages 9-19) attending a primary care clinic in Johannesburg, South Africa. We analyzed the results of four self-report tools: Children's Depression Inventory-Short, Revised Manifest Anxiety Scale, Child Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) Checklist, and a modified version of the Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Scale. We used robust Poisson regression to quantify the association between social support and mental health. Among 278 adolescents, the majority were perinatally infected with HIV (92%), and had at least one deceased parent (59%). Depression symptom threshold scores were found among 8% of adolescents, and 7% screened positive for symptoms of anxiety. Few (1%) met the criteria for PTSD. Overall, 12% of adolescents screened positive for symptoms of depression, anxiety or PTSD. Older adolescents reported less social support than younger adolescents. Adolescents were less likely to have mental health symptoms if they had higher measures of social support (adjusted Prevalence Ratio 0.38, 95% CI 0.20-0.73). Attention should be paid to social support for adolescents living with HIV as this may play an important role in their mental health.
A study of directed change in Chinese literature and art
Creators: name: Judd, Ellen Ruth
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This thesis explores some issues related to directed change in Chinese literature and art from 1930 to 1955. The focus is on the performing arts. The main issues of concern are changes in the social organisation of literary and artistic activity, and changes in the conscious model of literature and art held by those leading these social changes. Fieldwork was done in China during the period 1974 to 1977. Since the main concern of the thesis is with an earlier period, extensive library research was done in China, the United States, and Canada. The formative period of the modern transformation of Chinese literature and art was examined by research into the changes of the Kiangsi Soviet, Yenan, and National Consolidation periods. Theoretical concepts derived from the works of Clifford Geertz on ideology, Eric Wolf on peasant political movements, Antonio Gramsci on intellectuals and hegemony, and Raymond Williams on the arts in society were synthesised to form an approach which could illuminate these problems. In this work literature and art were consistently analysed as modes of social activity rather than as purely aesthetic phenomena. The development within leading circles in China of an approach to literature and art based upon recognition of its social and political aspects and a concern with effecting change in these areas is examined, beginning with the rudimentary formulation of ideas:-on this subject in the early 1930's. The effort to transform literature and art by way of carrying out planned and organised alterations in the social practice of literary and artistic activities on the part of both professionals and amateurs is examined in detail. These efforts were found to be theoretically provocative and to have shown some signs of success, particularly in the middle and late 1940's. A partial revision of these policies is noted in the early 1950's, and some possible reasons for that are suggested.
Shoddy work: the inter-employee communication audit of a small woollen textile reclamation business
Creators: name: Smith, Nicholas G.
Publisher: name: Loughborough University
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Shoddy work: the inter-employee communication audit of a small woollen textile reclamation business
Posterior consistency of Dirichlet mixtures of beta densities in estimating positive false discovery rates
Creators: name: Ghosal, Subhashis
name: Roy, Anindya
name: Tang, Yongqiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 62G05, 62G20 (Primary) 62G10 (Secondary)

description: In recent years, multiple hypothesis testing has come to the forefront of statistical research, ostensibly in relation to applications in genomics and some other emerging fields. The false discovery rate (FDR) and its variants provide very important notions of errors in this context comparable to the role of error probabilities in classical testing problems. Accurate estimation of positive FDR (pFDR), a variant of the FDR, is essential in assessing and controlling this measure. In a recent paper, the authors proposed a model-based nonparametric Bayesian method of estimation of the pFDR function. In particular, the density of p-values was modeled as a mixture of decreasing beta densities and an appropriate Dirichlet process was considered as a prior on the mixing measure. The resulting procedure was shown to work well in simulations. In this paper, we provide some theoretical results in support of the beta mixture model for the density of p-values, and show that, under appropriate conditions, the resulting posterior is consistent as the number of hypotheses grows to infinity.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/193940307000000077 the IMS Collections (http://www.imstat.org/publications/imscollections.htm) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
A Yangian Double for the AdS/CFT Classical r-matrix
Creators: name: Moriyama, Sanefumi
name: Torrielli, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We express the classical r-matrix of AdS/CFT in terms of tensor products involving an infinite family of generators, which takes a form suggestive of the universal expression obtained from a Yangian double. This should provide an insight into the structure of the infinite dimensional symmetry algebra underlying the integrability of the model, and give a clue to the construction of its universal R-matrix. We derive the commutation relations under which the algebra of these new generators close.
description: 18 pages, no figures, LaTeX. v2: references added and minor changes
Visualizing the Energy-gap Modulations of the Cuprate Pair Density Wave State
Creators: name: Du, Zengyi
name: Li, Hui
name: Joo, Sanghyun
name: Donoway, Elizabeth P.
name: Lee, Jinho
name: Davis, J. C.
name: Gu, Genda
name: Johnson, Peter D.
name: Fujita, Kazuhiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When Cooper pairs are formed with finite center-of-mass momentum, the defining characteristic is a spatially modulating superconducting energy gap $Δ(r)$. Recently, this concept has been generalized to the pair density wave (PDW) state predicted to exist in a variety of strongly correlated electronic materials such as the cuprates. Although the signature of a cuprate PDW has been detected in Cooper-pair tunnelling, the distinctive signature in single-electron tunneling of a periodic $Δ(r)$ modulation has never been observed. Here, using a new approach, we discover strong $Δ(r)$ modulations in Bi$_2$Sr$_2$CaCu$_2$O$_8$+$δ$ that have eight-unit-cell periodicity or wavevectors $Q=2π/a_0(1/8,0)$; $2π/a_0(0,1/8)$. This constitutes the first energy-resolved spectroscopic evidence for the cuprate PDW state. An analysis of spatial arrangements of $Δ(r)$ modulations then reveals that this PDW is predominantly unidirectional, but with an arrangement of nanoscale domains indicative of a vestigial PDW. Simultaneous imaging of the local-density-of-states $N(r,E)$ reveals electronic modulations with wavevectors $Q$ and $2Q$, as anticipated when the PDW coexists with superconductivity. Finally, by visualizing the topological defects in these $N(r,E)$ density waves at $2Q$, we discover them to be concentrated in areas where the PDW spatial phase changes by $π$, as predicted by the theory of half-vortices in a PDW state. Overall, this is a compelling demonstration, from multiple single-electron signatures, of a PDW state coexisting with superconductivity at zero magnetic field, in the canonical cuprate Bi$_2$Sr$_2$CaCu$_2$O$_8$+$δ$.
description: Final submitted version. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2109.14031
Fractal dimension of optical cirrus in Stripe82
Creators: name: Marchuk, Alexander A.
name: Smirnov, Anton A.
name: Mosenkov, Aleksandr V.
name: Ilín, Vladimir B.
name: Gontcharov, George A.
name: Savchenko, Sergey S.
name: Román, Javier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The geometric characteristics of dust clouds provide important information on the physical processes that structure such clouds. One of such characteristics is the $2D$ fractal dimension $D$ of a cloud projected onto the sky plane. In previous studies, which were mostly based on infrared (IR) data, the fractal dimension of individual clouds was found to be in a range from 1.1 to 1.7 with a preferred value of 1.2--1.4. In the present work, we use data from Stripe82 of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey to measure the fractal dimension of the cirrus clouds. This is done here for the first time for optical data with significantly better resolution as compared to IR data. To determine the fractal dimension, the perimeter-area method is employed. We also consider IR (IRAS and Herschel) counterparts of the corresponding optical fields to compare the results between the optical and IR. We find that the averaged fractal dimension across all clouds in the optical is $\langle D \rangle =1.69^{+0.05}_{-0.05}$ which is significantly larger then the fractal dimension of its IR counterparts $\langle D\rangle=1.38^{+0.07}_{-0.06}$. We examine several reasons for this discrepancy (choice of masking and minimal contour level, image and angular resolution, etc.) and find that for approximately half of our fields the different angular resolution (point spread function) of the optical and IR data can explain the difference between the corresponding fractal dimensions. For the other half of the fields, the fractal dimensions of the IR and visual data remain inconsistent, which can be associated with physical properties of the clouds, but further physical simulations are required to prove it.
Lossless Quantum Prefix Compression for Communication Channels that are Always Open
Creators: name: Mueller, Markus
name: Rogers, Caroline
name: Nagarajan, Rajagopal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe a method for lossless quantum compression if the output of the information source is not known. We compute the best possible compression rate, minimizing the expected base length of the output quantum bit string (the base length of a quantum string is the maximal length in the superposition). This complements work by Schumacher and Westmoreland who calculated the corresponding rate for minimizing the output's average length. Our compressed code words are prefix-free indeterminate-length quantum bit strings which can be concatenated in the case of multiple sources. Therefore, we generalize the known theory of prefix-free quantum codes to the case of strings with indeterminate length. Moreover, we describe a communication model which allows the lossless transmission of the compressed code words. The benefit of compression is then the reduction of transmission errors in the presence of noise.
description: 13 pages, 1 figure; published version
Vaccine skepticism detection by network embedding
Creators: name: Béres, Ferenc
name: Csoma, Rita
name: Michaletzky, Tamás Vilmos
name: Benczúr, András A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We demonstrate the applicability of network embedding to vaccine skepticism, a controversial topic of long-past history. With the Covid-19 pandemic outbreak at the end of 2019, the topic is more important than ever. Only a year after the first international cases were registered, multiple vaccines were developed and passed clinical testing. Besides the challenges of development, testing, and logistics, another factor that might play a significant role in the fight against the pandemic are people who are hesitant to get vaccinated, or even state that they will refuse any vaccine offered to them. Two groups of people commonly referred to as a) pro-vaxxer, those who support vaccinating people b) vax-skeptic, those who question vaccine efficacy or the need for general vaccination against Covid-19. It is very difficult to tell exactly how many people share each of these views. It is even more difficult to understand all the reasoning why vax-skeptic opinions are getting more popular. In this work, our intention was to develop techniques that are able to efficiently differentiate between pro-vaxxer and vax-skeptic content. After multiple data preprocessing steps, we analyzed the tweet text as well as the structure of user interactions on Twitter. We deployed several node embedding and community detection models that scale well for graphs with millions of edges.
description: The data and the source code are available on GitHub: https://github.com/ferencberes/covid-vaccine-network
title: Wandering becomings : free movement, farm labouring and desires of becoming amongst Romanian migrants in the Danish countryside
Creators: name: Lovelady, Astrid Stampe
Publisher: name: University of St Andrews
Year: 2020

description: This thesis explores the everyday implications of labour migration within the European Union. Every year many people from Romania travel to work in Danish agriculture to gain a better livelihood. Due to issues of corruption and the risk of poverty, it has become increasingly difficult to make a living in Romania. In Danish agriculture, Romanians now constitute the largest group of migrant farm labourers. This thesis therefore takes up contemporary debates on European transformations and the implications of persisting socio-economic inequalities between EU countries. To understand the social and individual implications of this migration, this thesis explores how Romanian farm labourers, along with their friends and families, experience and make sense of their lives and work in the Danish countryside. The analyses are based on 15 months of ethnographic fieldwork, which took place across a range of contexts that the farm labourers were part of in Denmark. By analysing processes of becoming, the thesis analyses the different identities that the farm labourers construct for themselves across these contexts to make sense of their migratory movements. Through these different identities, the thesis argues, the farm labourers were continuously reassessing their social and individual lives within the European political economy and alongside their migratory experiences in the Danish countryside. As such, the thesis shows how the farm labourers’ situational becomings shape their experiences of working and living in Denmark, and how the farm labourers act according to their shifting interpretations of their past, present and future lives. On the basis of these analyses, this thesis questions whether and in what ways the Romanian farm labourers' becomings are distinct as a result of their migratory experiences. The thesis argues that migrants’ ways of perceiving their becomings as part of their life transitions are influenced by the restraints and opportunities they encounter as migrants. In such a way, analysing migrants’ becomings allows for an exploration of the intersection between their particular ways of becoming and universal ways of becoming as human beings amidst contemporary European transformations.
Validity of the Adiabatic Approximation
Creators: name: MacKenzie, R.
name: Morin-Duchesne, A.
name: Paquette, H.
name: Pinel, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the validity of the adiabatic approximation, and in particular the reliability of what has been called the "standard criterion" for validity of this approximation. Recently, this criterion has been found to be insufficient. We will argue that the criterion is sufficient only when it agrees with the intuitive notion of slowness of evolution of the Hamiltonian. However, it can be insufficient in cases where the Hamiltonian varies rapidly but only by a small amount. We also emphasize the distinction between the adiabatic {\em theorem} and the adiabatic {\em approximation}, two quite different although closely related ideas.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure
Spitzer observations of the Orion OB1 association: disk census in the low mass stars
Creators: name: Hernandez, Jesus
name: Calvet, Nuria
name: Briceno, C.
name: Hartmann, L.
name: Vivas, A. K.
name: Muzerolle, J.
name: Downes, J.
name: Allen, L.
name: Gutermuth, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present new Spitzer Space Telescope observations of two fields in the Orion OB1 association. We report here IRAC/MIPS observations for 115 confirmed members and 41 photometric candidates of the ~10 Myr 25 Orionis aggregate in the OB1a subassociation, and 106 confirmed members and 65 photometric candidates of the 5 Myr region located in the OB1b subassociation. The 25 Orionis aggregate shows a disk frequency of 6% while the field in the OB1b subassociation shows a disk frequency of 13%. Combining IRAC, MIPS and 2MASS photometry we place stars bearing disks in several classes: stars with optically thick disks (class II systems), stars with an inner transitional disks (transitional disk candidates) and stars with "evolved disks"; the last exhibit smaller IRAC/MIPS excesses than class II systems. In all, we identify 1 transitional disk candidate in the 25 Orionis aggregate and 3 in the OB1b field; this represents ~10% of the disk bearing stars, indicating that the transitional disk phase can be relatively fast. We find that the frequency of disks is a function of the stellar mass, suggesting a maximum around stars with spectral type M0. Comparing the infrared excess in the IRAC bands among several stellar groups we find that inner disk emission decays with stellar age, showing a correlation with the respective disk frequencies. The disk emission at the IRAC and MIPS bands in several stellar groups indicates that disk dissipation takes place faster in the inner region of the disks. Comparison with models of irradiated accretion disks, computed with several degrees of settling, suggests that the decrease in the overall accretion rate observed in young stellar groups is not sufficient to explain the weak disk emission observed in the IRAC bands for disk bearing stars with ages 5 Myr or older.
description: Accepted in the Astrophysical Journal
An external and cranial mophometric study of altitudinal variation in Microtus arvalis in Switzerland
Creators: name: Prescott-Allen, Christine
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Cranial and external measurements in 422 museum specimens of the common vole, Microtus arvalis, from Switzerland were examined to determine whether they varied with altitude in accordance with either (1) Bergmann's Rule, or (2) subspeciation. Correlation coefficients between altitude and size were calculated on 32 dimensions, each of which had been divided into sex segregated age groups. In not one of the 108 tests was correlation significant. The lack of adherence to Bergmann's Rule was investigated by (1) reviewing the basic concepts of the Rule, as applied to homeotherms; (2) identifying the major abiotic and biotic selection pressures that might affect growth in Microtus arvalis, including climate and competition with sympatric congenerics; and (3) indicating deficiencies in data derived from museum specimens which might have influenced the computations. There were several references in the literature to the occurrence of two subspecies of Microtus arvalis in Switzerland - the nominate subspecies M. a. arvalis (Pallas, 1779) and a montane subspecies called either M. a. incertus (Selys-Longchamps, 1841) or M. a. rufescentefuscus (Schinz, 1845). The lack of evidence in this study for the existence of two phenotypically and distributionally distinct subspecies was considered by (1) examining the general appropriateness of discussing variation in Microtus arvalis in terms of subspeciation; and (2) reviewing the literature on the diagnostic characters and distribution attributed to the montane morph. Two major conclusions were drawn. The first was that Bergmann's Rule should not be considered a "rule" until firm definitions are established on at least two of its founding precepts - the groups of animals to which it applies and the taxonomic level at which it applies - and until it is found to apply to a majority of the cases for which it is intended. The second conclusion was that for species like Microtus arvalis, in which growth is highly variable and distribution is by and large continuous, the usefulness of formal recognition of in-fraspecific populations is questionable until an overview of the geographic variability of the species as a whole is well documented.