cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Highly structured inner planetary system debris around the intermediate age Sun-like star TYC 8830 410 1
Creators: name: Melis, Carl
name: Olofsson, Johan
name: Song, Inseok
name: Sarkis, Paula
name: Weinberger, Alycia J.
name: Kennedy, Grant
name: Krumpe, Mirko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present detailed characterization of the extremely dusty main sequence star TYC 8830 410 1. This system hosts inner planetary system dust (Tdust~300 K) with a fractional infrared luminosity of ~1%. Mid-infrared spectroscopy reveals a strong, mildy-crystalline solid-state emission feature. TYC 8830 410 1 (spectral type G9V) has a 49.5" separation M4-type companion co-moving and co-distant with it, and we estimate a system age of ~600 Myr. TYC 8830 410 1 also experiences "dipper"-like dimming events as detected by ASAS-SN, TESS, and characterized in more detail with the LCOGT. These recurring eclipses suggest at least one roughly star-sized cloud of dust orbits the star in addition to assorted smaller dust structures. The extreme properties of the material orbiting TYC 8830 410 1 point to dramatic dust-production mechanisms that likely included something similar to the giant-impact event thought to have formed the Earth-Moon system, although hundreds of millions of years after such processes are thought to have concluded in the solar system. TYC 8830 410 1 holds promise to deliver significant advances in our understanding of the origin, structure, and evolution of extremely dusty inner planetary systems.
description: ApJ in press. 40 pages, 7 figures, 3 main text tables, 1 appendix table
Salamandra común – Salamandra salamandra (Linnaeus, 1758)
Creators: name: Velo-Antón, Guillermo
name: Buckley, David
Publisher: name: Salvador Milla, Alfredo
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Description
subject: Size
subject: Variation
subject: Distribution
subject: Habitat
subject: Abundance
subject: Status
subject: Threats
subject: Diet
subject: Reproduction
subject: FOS: Medical biotechnology
subject: Demography
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Interactions
subject: Predators
subject: Parasites
subject: Pathogens
subject: Activity
subject: Home range
subject: Bibliography

description: Anfibios - Orden Caudata - Familia Salamandridae en la Enciclopedia Virtual de Vertebrados Españoles, http://www.vertebradosibericos.org/.
description: A comprehensive review of the natural history of the Fire Salamander in Spain.
Compact Binaries as Sources of Gravitational Radiation
Creators: name: Miller, M. Coleman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With current terrestrial gravitational wave detectors working at initial design sensitivities, and upgrades and space missions planned, it is likely that in the next five to ten years gravitational radiation will be detected directly from a variety of classes of objects. The most confidently expected of these classes is compact binaries, involving neutron stars or black holes. Detection of their coalescence, or their long-term orbits, has the potential to inform us about the evolutionary history of compact binaries and possibly even star formation over the past several billion years. We review what is currently known about compact binaries as sources of gravitational radiation, as well as the current uncertainties and what we expect to learn from future detections of gravitational waves from these systems.
description: To appear in the proceedings of the meeting "The Multicoloured Landscape of Compact Objects and their Explosive Origins", Cefalu, Italy, June 2006, to be published by AIP, Eds. L. Burderi et al
Late-time behaviour of the tilted Bianchi type VIh models
Creators: name: Hervik, S
name: Hoogen, R J van den
name: Lim, W C
name: Coley, A A
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study tilted perfect fluid cosmological models with a constant equation of state parameter in spatially homogeneous models of Bianchi type VI_h using dynamical systems methods and numerical experimentation, with an emphasis on their future asymptotic evolution. We determine all of the equilibrium points of the type VI_h state space (which correspond to exact self-similar solutions of the Einstein equations, some of which are new), and their stability is investigated. We find that there are vacuum plane-wave solutions that act as future attractors. In the parameter space, a `loophole' is shown to exist in which there are no stable equilibrium points. We then show that a Hopf-bifurcation can occur resulting in a stable closed orbit (which we refer to as the Mussel attractor) corresponding to points both inside the loophole and points just outside the loophole; in the former case the closed curves act as late-time attractors while in the latter case these attracting curves will co-exist with attracting equilibrium points. In the special Bianchi type III case, centre manifold theory is required to determine the future attractors. Comprehensive numerical experiments are carried out to complement and confirm the analytical results presented. We note that the Bianchi type VI_h case is of particular interest in that it contains many different subcases which exhibit many of the different possible future asymptotic behaviours of Bianchi cosmological models.
description: 35 pages, 14 figures; v2:added more comments and refs, typos corrected
ESPRESSO Mass determination of TOI-263b: An extreme inhabitant of the brown dwarf desert
Creators: name: Palle, E.
name: Luque, R.
name: Osorio, M. R. Zapatero
name: Parviainen, H.
name: Ikoma, M.
name: Tabernero, H. M.
name: Zechmeister, M.
name: Mustill, A. J.
name: Bejar, V. S. J.
name: Narita, N.
name: Murgas, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The TESS mission has reported a wealth of new planetary systems around bright and nearby stars amenable for detailed characterization of the planet properties and their atmospheres. However, not all interesting TESS planets orbit around bright host stars. TOI-263b is a validated ultra-short period substellar object in a 0.56-day orbit around a faint (V=18.97) M3.5 dwarf star. The substellar nature of TOI-263b was explored using multi-color photometry, which determined a true radius of 0.87+-0.21 Rj, establishing TOI-263b's nature ranging from an inflated Neptune to a brown dwarf. The orbital period-radius parameter space occupied by TOI-263b is quite unique, which prompted a further characterization of its true nature. Here, we report radial velocity measurements of TOI-263 obtained with 3 VLT units and the ESPRESSO spectrograph to retrieve the mass of TOI-263b. We find that TOI-263b is a brown dwarf with a mass of 61.6+-4.0 Mj. Additionally, the orbital period of the brown dwarf is found to be synchronized with the rotation period of the host star, and the system is found to be relatively active, possibly revealing a star--brown dwarf interaction. All these findings suggest that the system's formation history might be explained via disc fragmentation and later migration to close-in orbits. If the system is found to be unstable, TOI-263 is an excellent target to test the migration mechanisms before the brown dwarf becomes engulfed by its parent star.
description: Accepted for Publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics
Survey of Community Detection Algorithms to Identify the Best Community in Real-Time Networks
Creators: name: Sudhakaran, Dhanya
name: Renjith, Shini
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 80704 Information Retrieval and Web Search
subject: FOS: Media and communications
subject: 80607 Information Engineering and Theory
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 80611 Information Systems Theory

description: Community detection is a common problem in graph data analytics. It consists of finding groups of densely connected nodes with few connections to nodes outside of the group. In particular, identifying communities in large-scale networks is an important task in many scientific domains. Community detection algorithms are used to study the structural properties of real-world networks. In this review, we evaluated some of the traditional algorithms for overlapping and disjoint community detection on large-scale real-world networks to identify the best community in real- time networks.
Generalized Flux Vacua
Creators: name: Shelton, Jessie
name: Taylor, Washington
name: Wecht, Brian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider type II string theory compactified on a symmetric T^6/Z_2 orientifold. We study a general class of discrete deformations of the resulting four-dimensional supergravity theory, including gaugings arising from geometric and "nongeometric'' fluxes, as well as the usual R-R and NS-NS fluxes. Solving the equations of motion associated with the resulting N = 1 superpotential, we find parametrically controllable infinite families of supersymmetric vacua with all moduli stabilized. We also describe some aspects of the distribution of generic solutions to the SUSY equations of motion for this model, and note in particular the existence of an apparently infinite number of solutions in a finite range of the parameter space of the four-dimensional effective theory.
description: 30 pages, 4 .eps figures; v2, reference added
Supplementary Data on Streptococcus Isolates
Creators: name: Isawumi, Abiola
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 320701
subject: Medical bacteriology
classificationCode: 320211
subject: Infectious diseases
classificationCode: 310701
subject: Bacteriology
classificationCode: 310702
subject: Infectious agents

description: Multidrug Resistance and Virulence Profiling of Fomite-Resident Streptococcus species
The minimality of the map x/|x| for weighted energy
Creators: name: Bourgoin, Jean-Christophe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 58E20 53C43

description: In this paper, we investigate the minimality of the map $\frac{x}{\|x\|}$ from the euclidean unit ball $\mathbf{B}^n$ to its boundary $\mathbb{S}^{n-1}$ for weighted energy functionals of the type $E\_{p,f}= \int\_{\mathbf{B}^n}f(r)\|\nabla u\|^p dx$, where $f$ is a non-negative function. We prove that in each of the two following cases: i) $p=1$ and $f$ is non-decreasing, i)) $p$ is an integer, $p \leq n-1$ and $f= r^α$ with $α\geq 0$, the map $\frac{x}{\|x\|}$ minimizes $E\_{p,f}$ among the maps in $W^{1,p}(\mathbf{B}^n, \mathbb{S}^{n-1})$ which coincide with $\frac{x}{\|x\|}$ on $\partial \mathbf{B}^n$. We also study the case where $ f(r)= r^α$ with $-n+2 < α< 0$ and prove that $\frac{x}{\|x\|}$ does not minimize $E\_{p,f}$ for $α$ close to $-n+2$ and when $n \geq 6$, for $α$ close to $4-n$.
Loína – Parachondrostoma arrigonis (Steindachner, 1866)
Creators: name: Salvador Milla, Alfredo
Publisher: name: Salvador Milla, Alfredo
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Description
subject: Size
subject: Variation
subject: Distribution
subject: Habitat
subject: Abundance
subject: Status
subject: Threats
subject: Diet
subject: Reproduction
subject: FOS: Medical biotechnology
subject: Demography
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Interactions
subject: Predators
subject: Parasites
subject: Pathogens
subject: Activity
subject: Home range
subject: Bibliography

description: Peces - Orden Cypriniformes - Familia Cyprinidae en la Enciclopedia Virtual de Vertebrados Españoles, http://www.vertebradosibericos.org/. Versiones anteriores: 18-12-2015
description: A comprehensive review of the natural history of the Júcar Nase (Parachondrostoma arrigonis) in Spain.
Verification of the Effectiveness of VSOP-2 Phase Referencing with a Newly Developed Simulation Tool, ARIS
Creators: name: Asaki, Yoshiharu
name: Sudou, Hiroshi
name: Kono, Yusuke
name: Doi, Akihiro
name: Dodson, Richard
name: Pradel, Nicolas
name: Murata, Yasuhiro
name: Mochizuki, Nanako
name: Edwards, Philip G.
name: Sasao, Tetsuo
name: Fomalont, Edward B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The next-generation space VLBI mission, VSOP-2, is expected to provide unprecedented spatial resolutions at 8.4, 22, and 43GHz. In this report, phase referencing with VSOP-2 is examined in detail based on a simulation tool called ARIS. The criterion for successful phase referencing was to keep the phase errors below one radian. Simulations with ARIS reveal that phase referencing achieves good performance at 8.4GHz, even under poor tropospheric conditions. At 22 and 43GHz, it is recommended to conduct phase referencing observations under good or typical tropospheric conditions. The satellite is required to have an attitude-switching capability with a one-minute or shorter cycle, and an orbit determination accuracy higher than about 10cm at apogee; the phase referencing calibrators are required to have a signal-to-noise ratio larger than four for a single scan. The probability to find a suitable phase referencing calibrator was estimated by using VLBI surveys. From the viewpoint of calibrator availability, VSOP-2 phase referencing at 8.4GHz is promising. However, the change of finding suitable calibrators at 22 and 43GHz is significantly reduced; it is important to conduct specific investigations for each target at those frequencies.
description: about 30 pages, 18 figures
title: A unified and memory efficient framework for simulating mechanical behavior of carbon nanotubes
Creators: name: Burger, Michael
name: Bischof, Christian
name: Schröppel, Christian
name: Wackerfuß, Jens
Publisher: name: Universität Kassel
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: parallelization
subject: vectorization
subject: simulation
subject: software engineering
subject: carbon nanotubes
subject: matrix-free solver
subject: 004
subject: Konjugierte-Gradienten-Methode
subject: Gemeinsamer Speicher
subject: Kohlenstoff-Nanoröhre
subject: Simulation

description: The work of M. Burger is supported by the ’Excellence Initiative’ of the German Federal and State Governments and the Graduate School of Computational Engineering at Technische Universität Darmstadt. The work of C. Schröppel and J. Wackerfuß is financially supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) via the Emmy Noether Program under Grant No. Wa 2514/3-1.
RADICALZ Public Summary of Deliverable D2.2
Creators: name: Hidalgo, Aurelio
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Exploring the potential of enzymes for degrading plastic microfibers from clothing is crucial for tackling the growing problem of microplastic pollution. Synthetic fibers made of polyester, commonly used in textiles, release tiny plastic particles into the environment during washing. These microplastics can end up in water systems, where they accumulate and cause harm to ecosystems and potentially human health. Current plastic waste management methods, such as recycling, incineration, and landfilling, are often inefficient or environmentally harmful, making the search for more sustainable solutions critical.

A type of enzymes called polyesterases offer a promising, eco-friendly solution to this issue. These specialized enzymes have the potential to break down synthetic polymers into simpler, non-toxic components, reducing the environmental impact of plastic waste. However, identifying and optimizing enzymes with the right properties for this task is a very complex and time-consuming process.

To accelerate this discovery, we have developed a high-throughput microfluidic assay that enables the screening and isolation of polyesterase enzymes at a much faster rate than traditional methods. This innovative technique uses tiny water-in-oil droplets in which individual enzyme mutants are tested for their ability to degrade a molecule chemically close to polyester terephthalate. We can rapidly process thousands to millions of enzymes, allowing us to rapidly identify the most efficient ones. This approach not only saves time and resources but also opens the door to finding more efficient, stable, and robust enzymes that can operate in conditions found in wastewaters.
Parameter estimation for space-based gravitational wave detectors with ringdown signals
Creators: name: Zhang, Chunyu
name: Gong, Yungui
name: Zhang, Chao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Unlike ground-based gravitational wave detectors, space-based gravitational wave detectors can detect the ringdown signals from massive black hole mergers with large signal-to-noise ratios, help to localize sources and extract their parameters. To reduce the computation time in the Fisher information matrix analysis, we derive the analytical formulas of frequency-domain ringdown signals for both heliocentric and geocentric detectors by considering the effects of the harmonic phases, the rotation period of the geocentric detector, and the detector's arm length. We explore median errors of the parameter estimation and source localization with ringdown signals from binaries with different masses and different redshifts. Using a binary source with the total mass $M=10^7\ M_\odot$ at the redshift $z=1$, we analyze the dependence of these errors on the sky position. We find that the network of space-based gravitational wave detectors can significantly improve the source localization at the ringdown stage. The results of the Fisher matrix approximation are also checked by Bayesian inference method.
description: 22 pages, 18 figures
Contact homology of left-handed stabilizations and plumbing of open books
Creators: name: Bourgeois, Frederic
name: van Koert, Otto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53D35, 57R17

description: We show that on any closed contact manifold of dimension greater than 1 a contact structure with vanishing contact homology can be constructed. The basic idea for the construction comes from Giroux. We use a special open book decomposition for spheres. The page is the cotangent bundle of a sphere and the monodromy is given by a left-handed Dehn twist. In the resulting contact manifold we exhibit a closed Reeb orbit that bounds a single finite energy plane. As a result, the unit element of the contact homology algebra is exact and so the contact homology vanishes. This result can be extended to other contact manifolds by using connected sums. The latter is related to the plumbing- or 2-Murasugi sum of the contact open books. We shall give a possible description of this construction and some conjectures about the plumbing operation.
description: 29 pages, 4 figures
Effective Resource-Competition Model for Species Coexistence
Creators: name: Gupta, Deepak
name: Garlaschi, Stefano
name: Suweis, Samir
name: Azaele, Sandro
name: Maritan, Amos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Local coexistence of species in large ecosystems is traditionally explained within the broad framework of niche theory. However, its rationale hardly justifies rich biodiversity observed in nearly homogeneous environments. Here we consider a consumer-resource model in which a coarse-graining procedure accounts for a variety of ecological mechanisms and leads to effective spatial effects which favour species coexistence. Herein, we provide conditions for several species to live in an environment with very few resources. In fact, the model displays two different phases depending on whether the number of surviving species is larger or smaller than the number of resources. We obtain conditions whereby a species can successfully colonize a pool of coexisting species. Finally, we analytically compute the distribution of the population sizes of coexisting species. Numerical simulations as well as empirical distributions of population sizes support our analytical findings.
description: 5 pages + 4 figures, Major revision
Regulating a miracle substance : the politics of asbestos in Canada and the United States
Creators: name: Hein, Gregory Allan
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: While asbestos has been called a 'miracle substance' because of its unique properties, asbestos has also caused cancer in those exposed to its indestructible fibres. This mix of benefits and costs has made the regulation of asbestos particularly difficult for policymakers; in both countries, regulation has been characterized by exceptional measures. In Canada, regulating asbestos has led to innumerable government studies, including the Ontario Royal Commission on Matters of Health and Safety Arising from the Use of Asbestos (1984). The Commission's Report was unique in its extensive scope and detail. Its three volume report included a detailed treatment of asbestos-related diseases, quantitative risk estimates, and assessments of current regulations. The regulatory history of asbestos in the US was also somewhat exceptional. It involved a protracted battle between the Environmental Protection Agency and the Office of Management and Budget. Out of this battle came a House Subcommittee investigation into OMB interference in EPA rulemaking (1985). The comprehensiveness of the Royal Commission's Report is highly significant given that detailed scientific explanations of policy, and the criteria used to balance costs and benefits are usually not explicitly revealed by Canadian regulators. In this sense, the somewhat anomalous nature of the Commission's Report offers an especially detailed view of regulating hazardous substances in Canada. Like the Royal Commission Report, the House investigation provides an extraordinarily detailed look at the politics of regulating a hazardous substance. Out of these involved deliberations, though, emerge very different policies on asbestos. While the US has implemented a three-stage ban, Canadian regulators view asbestos primarily as an occupational problem. The workplace standards of the US, Ontario and Quebec differ, with the US being more stringent. The contributions of this paper stem from its balanced consideration of scientific and political determinants and its comparative nature. This balanced consideration illustrates the double impact of science. While science can set the boundaries of a policy debate, uncertain areas of scientific evidence are usually politicized by competing interests. Thus, the less science is certain, the more politics matters. Within the boundaries set by science, various political forces have an impact on the policy process. Policies are shown to emerge from very different interrelationships between state structures and societal actors, influenced by varying degrees of economic dependence on asbestos. Group theory alone fails to explain the divergent policy outcomes; so do neo-Marxist and institutionalist approaches. Thus, this study demonstrates the superiority of integrative approaches, as opposed to those which emphasize one causal variable at the expense of others.
Curruca mirlona – Sylvia hortensis (Gmelin, 1789)
Creators: name: Aparicio, Rafael J.
Publisher: name: Salvador Milla, Alfredo
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Description
subject: Size
subject: Variation
subject: Distribution
subject: Habitat
subject: Abundance
subject: Status
subject: Threats
subject: Diet
subject: Reproduction
subject: FOS: Medical biotechnology
subject: Demography
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Interactions
subject: Predators
subject: Parasites
subject: Pathogens
subject: Activity
subject: Home range
subject: Bibliography

description: Aves - Orden Passeriformes - Familia Sylviidae en la Enciclopedia Virtual de Vertebrados Españoles, http://www.vertebradosibericos.org/.
description: A comprehensive review of the natural history of the Orphean Warbler Sylvia hortensis in Spain.
Requirements for fault-tolerant quantum computation with cavity-QED-based atom-atom gates mediated by a photon with a finite pulse length
Creators: name: Asaoka, Rui
name: Tokunaga, Yuuki
name: Kanamoto, Rina
name: Goto, Hayato
name: Aoki, Takao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the requirements for fault-tolerant quantum computation with atom-atom gates based on cavity quantum electrodynamics (cQED) mediated by a photon with a finite pulse length. For short photon pulses, the distorted shape of the reflected pulses from the cQED system is a serious error source. We optimize the cQED system parameters to minimize the infidelity due to the shape distortion and the photon losses in a well-balanced manner for the fault-tolerant scheme using probabilistic gates [H. Goto and K. Ichimura, Phys. Rev. A 80, 040303(R) (2009)]. Our optimization greatly relaxes the requirements for fault-tolerant quantum computation in some parameter regions, compared with the conventional optimization method where only the photon loss is minimized without considering the shape distortion [H. Goto and K. Ichimura, Phys. Rev. A 82, 032311 (2010)]. Finally, we show that reducing the cavity length is an effective way to reduce the errors of this type of gate in the case of short photon pulses.
description: 10 pages, 10 figures, 2 tables
Structured Codes Improve the Bennett-Brassard-84 Quantum Key Rate
Creators: name: Smith, Graeme
name: Renes, Joseph M.
name: Smolin, John A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A central goal in information theory and cryptography is finding simple characterizations of optimal communication rates subject to various restrictions and security requirements. Ideally, the optimal key rate for a quantum key distribution (QKD) protocol would be given by {\em single-letter formula} involving a simple optimization over a single use of an effective channel. We explore the possibility of such a formula for one of the simplest and most widely used QKD protocols--Bennett-Brassard-84 (BB84) with one way classical post-processing. We show that a conjectured single-letter key-rate formula is false, uncovering a deep ignorance about asymptotically good private codes and pointing towards unfortunate complications in the theory of QKD. These complications are not without benefit--with added complexity comes better key rates than previously thought possible. We improve the threshold for secure key generation from a bit error rate of 0.124 to 0.129.
description: Final version. Title changed
Bayesian Point Estimation and Predictive Density Estimation for the Binomial Distribution with a Restricted Probability Parameter
Creators: name: Hamura, Yasuyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we consider Bayesian point estimation and predictive density estimation in the binomial case. After presenting preliminary results on these problems, we compare the risk functions of the Bayes estimators based on the truncated and untruncated beta priors and obtain dominance conditions when the probability parameter is less than or equal to a known constant. The case where there are both a lower bound restriction and an upper bound restriction is also treated. Then our problems are shown to be related to similar problems in the Poisson case. Finally, numerical studies are presented.
description: 29 pages, 4 figures; Theorem 3.3 and Sections 4 and 6 have been added
Pardela cenicienta atlántica – Calonectris borealis (Cory, 1881)
Creators: name: Reyes, José Manuel De Los
name: González-Solís, Jacob
name: Salvador Milla, Alfredo
Publisher: name: Salvador Milla, Alfredo
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Description
subject: Variation
subject: Size
subject: Distribution
subject: Habitat
subject: Abundance
subject: Status
subject: Threats
subject: Diet
subject: Reproduction
subject: FOS: Medical biotechnology
subject: Demography
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Interactions
subject: Predators
subject: Parasites
subject: Pathogens
subject: Activity
subject: Home range
subject: Bibliography

description: Aves - Orden Procellariiformes - Familia Procellariidae en la Enciclopedia Virtual de Vertebrados Españoles, http://www.vertebradosibericos.org/.
description: A comprehensive review of the natural history of the Cory's Shearwater Calonectris borealis in Spain.
Pilot-wave theory and quantum fields
Creators: name: Struyve, Ward
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Pilot-wave theories provide possible solutions to the measurement problem. In such theories, quantum systems are not only described by the state vector, but also by some additional variables. These additional variables, also called beables, can be particle positions, field configurations, strings, etc. In this paper we focus our attention on pilot-wave theories in which the additional variables are field configurations. The first such theory was proposed by Bohm for the free electromagnetic field. Since Bohm, similar pilot-wave theories have been proposed for other quantum fields. The purpose of this paper is to present an overview and further development of these proposals. We discuss various bosonic quantum field theories such as the Schroedinger field, the free electromagnetic field, scalar quantum electrodynamics and the Abelian Higgs model. In particular, we compare the pilot-wave theories proposed by Bohm and by Valentini for the electromagnetic field, finding that they are equivalent. We further discuss the proposals for fermionic fields by Holland and Valentini. In the case of Holland's model we indicate that further work is required in order to show that the model is capable of reproducing the standard quantum predictions. We also consider a similar model, which does not seem to reproduce the standard quantum predictions. In the case of Valentini's model we point out a problem that seems hard to overcome.
description: 65 pages, no figures, LaTex; v2 minor changes, some extensions; v3 minor improvements; v4 some typos corrected
Winter wheat nitrogen management in south coastal British Columbia
Creators: name: Yu, Shaobing
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Nitrogen is essential to obtain high yields of winter wheat in south coastal British Columbia, which includes Vancouver Island and the lower Fraser Valley. An accurate recommendation for N application is required to keep input costs down for most economical returns and to limit environmental problems related to leaching of excess N. The questions are how much, when and which form of N should be applied to winter wheat. The general objective of this study is to improve our understanding of winter wheat growth and N uptake. This study monitors the soil N supply and characterizes the plant development, dry matter accumulation, and N uptake of winter wheat in South Coastal B.C.. Also, it compares the effectiveness of conventional and intensive crop N management and urea and ammonium nitrate sources of fertilizer N under intensive crop management. A series of field experiments was conducted in 1986-87 and 1987-88 with winter wheat to evaluate conventional and intensive N management in the area. Additionally, a N source study was carried out in the latter year to compare ammonium nitrate and urea. Soil N supply for winter wheat ranged from 52 to 151 kg N/ha through the two years of field experiments at five sites. Available N in the 0-50 cm soil depth varied from 10 to 100 kg N/ha through the growing season in the different treatments. An accurate estimate of N behavior involves N accumulation in the crop. During the early spring until harvest, the crop dry matter yield and N uptake patterns were plotted. The grain yields ranged from 4 to 9 t/ha for the conventional management (75 kg N/ha), and from 4 to 11 t/ha for the intensive crop management (I.CM. 225 kg N/ha) system. Between the conventional and I.CM., there was no significant difference in grain yield but there was in quality, specifically grain protein. Grain protein ranged from 8.2 to 9.7% for the conventional and from 10 to 13.7% for the I.CM. treatment. Also, there was no difference in grain yield or quality between ammonium nitrate and urea fertilized plots at final harvest. However, in the early stage at GS31, crop took up more N from ammonium nitrate (97 kg N/ha) than from urea (75 kg N/ha) and soil mineral N levels with urea were higher than with ammonium nitrate.
Numerical convergence of the branching time of negative streamers
Creators: name: Montijn, Carolynne
name: Ebert, Ute
name: Hundsdorfer, Willem
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In sufficiently large gaps and electric fields, discharge streamers do branch. In [Arrayas et al., PRL 88, 174502 (2002)], we observed streamer branching numerically within a deterministic particle density model and explained it as a Laplacian instability of a thin space charge layer. Our numerical results were criticized in [Kulikovsky, PRL 89, 229401 (2002)]. We here present an adaptive grid refinement method for streamer simulations, and we carry out the first conclusive investigation on the effect of the numerical grid on streamer branching in different fields. On stepwise finer grids the branching time converges, hence streamer branching is for the first time predicted quantitatively.
description: 4 pages, 7 figures, submitted to Phys Rev E, Rapid Comm
The theory of pulsar winds and nebulae
Creators: name: Kirk, J. G.
name: Lyubarsky, Y.
name: Petri, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review current theoretical ideas on pulsar winds and their surrounding nebulae. Relativistic MHD models of the wind of the aligned rotator, and of the striped wind, together with models of magnetic dissipation are discussed. It is shown that the observational signature of this dissipation is likely to be point-like, rather than extended, and that pulsed emission may be produced. The possible pulse shapes and polarisation properties are described. Particle acceleration at the termination shock of the wind is discussed, and it is argued that two distinct mechanisms must be operating, with the first-order Fermi mechanism producing the high-energy electrons (above 1 TeV) and either magnetic annihilation or resonant absorption of ion cyclotron waves responsible for the 100 MeV to 1 TeV electrons. Finally, MHD models of the morphology of the nebula are discussed and compared with observation.
description: 33 pages, to appear in Springer Lecture Notes on "Neutron stars and pulsars, 40 years after the discovery", ed W.Becker
New physics explanations of $a_μ$ in light of the FNAL muon $g-2$ measurement
Creators: name: Athron, Peter
name: Balázs, Csaba
name: Jacob, Douglas HJ
name: Kotlarski, Wojciech
name: Stöckinger, Dominik
name: Stöckinger-Kim, Hyejung
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Fermilab Muon $g-2$ experiment recently reported its first measurement of the anomalous magnetic moment $a_μ^{\textrm{FNAL}}$, which is in full agreement with the previous BNL measurement and pushes the world average deviation $Δa_μ^{2021}$ from the Standard Model to a significance of $4.2σ$. Here we provide an extensive survey of its impact on beyond the Standard Model physics. We use state-of-the-art calculations and a sophisticated set of tools to make predictions for $a_μ$, dark matter and LHC searches in a wide range of simple models with up to three new fields, that represent some of the few ways that large $Δa_μ$ can be explained. In addition for the particularly well motivated Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model, we exhaustively cover the scenarios where large $Δa_μ$ can be explained while simultaneously satisfying all relevant data from other experiments. Generally, the $Δa_μ$ result can only be explained by rather small masses and/or large couplings and enhanced chirality flips, which can lead to conflicts with limits from LHC and dark matter experiments. Our results show that the new measurement excludes a large number of models and provides crucial constraints on others. Two-Higgs doublet and leptoquark models provide viable explanations of $a_μ$ only in specific versions and in specific parameter ranges. Among all models with up to three fields, only models with chirality enhancements can accommodate $a_μ$ and dark matter simultaneously. The MSSM can simultaneously explain $a_μ$ and dark matter for Bino-like LSP in several coannihilation regions. Allowing under abundance of the dark matter relic density, the Higgsino- and particularly Wino-like LSP scenarios become promising explanations of the $a_μ$ result.
description: 106 pages, 20 figures, 5 tables; v2 added references, minor corrections to table 2 and improvements to Figs 2,3 and 4; v3 as published in JHEP
Dissipation-managed soliton in a quasi-one-dimensional Bose-Einstein condensate
Creators: name: Adhikari, Sadhan K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the time-dependent mean-field Gross-Pitaevskii equation to study the formation of a dynamically-stabilized dissipation-managed bright soliton in a quasi-one-dimensional Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC). Because of three-body recombination of bosonic atoms to molecules, atoms are lost (dissipated) from a BEC. Such dissipation leads to the decay of a BEC soliton. We demonstrate by a perturbation procedure that an alimentation of atoms from an external source to the BEC may compensate for the dissipation loss and lead to a dynamically-stabilized soliton. The result of the analytical perturbation method is in excellent agreement with mean-field numerics. It seems possible to obtain such a dynamically-stabilized BEC soliton without dissipation in laboratory.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Ising phases of Heisenberg ladders in a magnetic field
Creators: name: Penc, Karlo
name: Fouet, Jean-Baptiste
name: Miyahara, Shin
name: Tchernyshyov, Oleg
name: Mila, Frederic
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the influence of weak anisotropic interactions on the T=0 phase diagram of the frustrated two-leg Heisenberg ladder, a well-studied spin model exhibiting integer and fractional magnetization plateaux separated by gapless incommensurate states. We find that the Dzyaloshinskii--Moriya coupling may substantially modify the phase diagram so that the half-integer plateau and the surrounding gapless phases merge into a single Ising-ordered phase breaking the translational symmetry of the lattice. A different Ising order is found for a weakly frustrated ladder. Implications for experimental ladder and dimer systems are discussed.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
Regularity of shape optimizers for some spectral fractional problems
Creators: name: Tortone, Giorgio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 49Q10, 35R11, 47A75, 49R05, 35R35

description: This paper is dedicated to the spectral optimization problem $$ \mathrm{min}\left\{λ_1^s(Ω)+\cdots+λ_m^s(Ω) + Λ\mathcal{L}_n(Ω)\colon Ω\subset D \mbox{ s-quasi-open}\right\} $$ where $Λ>0, D\subset \mathbb{R}^n$ is a bounded open set and $λ_i^s(Ω)$ is the $i$-th eigenvalues of the fractional Laplacian on $Ω$ with Dirichlet boundary condition on $\mathbb{R}^n\setminus Ω$. We first prove that the first $m$ eigenfunctions on an optimal set are locally Hölder continuous in the class $C^{0,s}$ and, as a consequence, that the optimal sets are open sets. Then, via a blow-up analysis based on a Weiss type monotonicity formula, we prove that the topological boundary of a minimizer $Ω$ is composed of a relatively open regular part and a closed singular part of Hausdorff dimension at most $n-n^*$, for some $n^*\geq 3$. Finally we use a viscosity approach to prove $C^{1,α}$-regularity of the regular part of the boundary.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2010.05782
Letteratura e altri mondi. Generi, politica, società
Creators: name: Imposti, Gabriella Elina
name: Ascari, Maurizio
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2021
Subjects: L-FIL-LET/10 Letteratura italiana
L-FIL-LET/14 Critica letteraria e letterature comparate
L-FIL-LET/15 Filologia germanica
L-LIN/03 Letteratura francese
L-LIN/10 Letteratura inglese
L-LIN/11 Lingue e letterature anglo-americane
L-LIN/13 Letteratura tedesca
L-LIN/21 Slavistica
M-FIL/01 Filosofia teoretica

description: Obiettivo di questo volume è riflettere sul rapporto tra letterature e società partendo da una visione dei generi narrativi come luogo di elaborazione complessa del reale e di resistenza politica, come spazio di trasformazione e progettualità, di critica dell’immaginario, in breve di circolazione di idee e di partecipazione ai dibattiti della sfera pubblica. L’evoluzione dei generi nel corso dei secoli è segnata da una costante messa in discussione delle loro stesse premesse anche attraverso continue negoziazioni con altri codici espressivi e con i mutamenti mediatici e socio-politici. Tale processo appare intensificato e accentuato nel nostro presente, in cui assistiamo a una crescente ibridazione e rifunzionalizzazione dei generi letterari, anche di massa, le cui convenzioni e tecniche vengono piegate a veicolare contenuti sempre nuovi, talvolta percepiti come stranianti, aprendosi a un prisma di rapporti potenzialmente illimitati tra categorie narrative e socio-politiche. Muovendo da queste riflessioni, il volume accoglie un ampio ventaglio di interventi, sottoposti a peer review, a firma di giovani studiosi dell’Ateneo bolognese e di altri Atenei. Il volume si articola in quattro sezioni: “Memoria e trauma”, “Rivisitare il passato”, “Ibridismo culturale e linguistico”, “Gender & Queer”.
An Algebra of Quantum Processes
Creators: name: Ying, Mingsheng
name: Feng, Yuan
name: Duan, Runyao
name: Ji, Zhengfeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce an algebra qCCS of pure quantum processes in which no classical data is involved, communications by moving quantum states physically are allowed, and computations is modeled by super-operators. An operational semantics of qCCS is presented in terms of (non-probabilistic) labeled transition systems. Strong bisimulation between processes modeled in qCCS is defined, and its fundamental algebraic properties are established, including uniqueness of the solutions of recursive equations. To model sequential computation in qCCS, a reduction relation between processes is defined. By combining reduction relation and strong bisimulation we introduce the notion of strong reduction-bisimulation, which is a device for observing interaction of computation and communication in quantum systems. Finally, a notion of strong approximate bisimulation (equivalently, strong bisimulation distance) and its reduction counterpart are introduced. It is proved that both approximate bisimilarity and approximate reduction-bisimilarity are preserved by various constructors of quantum processes. This provides us with a formal tool for observing robustness of quantum processes against inaccuracy in the implementation of its elementary gates.
Spherically symmetric perturbations of a Schwarzschild black hole in torsion bigravity
Creators: name: Nikiforova, Vasilisa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Time-dependent spherically-symmetric perturbations of Schwarzschild black holes are studied within torsion bigravity, i.e., within generalized Einstein-Cartan theories where the dynamical torsion carries massive spin-2 excitation. We reduce linearized perturbations to a Zerilli-like equation. The structure of the potential entering the latter Zerilli-like equation has two important consequences. First, in order to avoid the presence of singularities in generic perturbations, one must restrict the range (or inverse mass) of the spin-2 excitation to be (essentially) smaller than the radius of the considered black hole. Second, we then show that the Schwarzschild black hole is linearly stable against spherically-symmetric perturbations.
description: 15 pages, 2 figures, 1 Mathematica notebook as ancillary file
Variance of Newtonian constant from local gravitational acceleration measurements
Creators: name: Dai, De-Chang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use IGETS absolute gravitational acceleration measurement data to study the gravitational acceleration variance. The relative variance of $δg /g$ in 22 years is less than $4\times 10^{-8}$. Since $δG /G\lessapproxδg /g $, this implies the relative variance of Newtonian constant is less than $3\times 10^{-9}$ based on an sine-like oscillation hypothesis. This limit is at least 4 orders of magnitude better than the existing $G$ measurements. The scattered values of reported $G$ measurements coming from different experiments are most probably coming from systematic errors associated with these experiments and not due to intrinsic time variation of $G$. We also find that $\dot{ G} /G<5.61\times 10^{-10} \text{yr}^{-1}$ based on a linear hypothesis. This is the best terrestrial result so far.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures, accepted by PRD
Ensino superior no Brasil: surgimento das universidades e expansão da oferta
Creators: name: Mota Júnior, Antônio de Macêdo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 130103 Higher Education
subject: FOS: Educational sciences

description: O presente trabalho aborda o tema do ensino superior no Brasil, no que diz respeito ao surgimento das universidades e a expansão da oferta no país. Este estudo exploratório, bibliográfico e documental objetiva caracterizar o surgimento das universidades, contextualizando a origem dessas instituições na Europa, nas Américas e no Brasil, bem como a expansão da oferta de ensino superior no país. Os resultados evidenciam uma inserção extremamente tardia das universidades, apesar do histórico no ensino superior que data da época do Brasil Colônia, como também um cenário de resistências à criação dessas instituições. Demonstram que, nos últimos anos, houve significativa evolução na expansão da oferta, acarretada, principalmente, pela liberalização e incentivo à iniciativa privada, bem como por ações do governo federal, como o Programa REUNI.