cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Exogonia Melichar 1926
Creators: name: Mauro-Barr, T. T.
name: Carvalho, R. A.
name: Felix, M.
name: Mejdalani, G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Cicadellidae
Exogonia

description: Genus Exogonia Melichar, 1926
(Figs 1–80)
 Type-species: Tettigonia assimilis Signoret, by subsequent designation of China (1938: 183).
 Diagnosis. Leafhoppers with anterior margin of crown varying from rounded to narrowly rounded (Figs 2, 59), crown with epicranial, temporal, and frontogenal sutures usually visible. Pronotum generally with width approximately equal to transocular width; lateral margins convergent anteriorly (Fig. 2); dorsopleural carinae complete and oblique; posterior pronotal margin concave medially. Male pygofer strongly produced posteriorly, apical margin convex, usually with pair of ventral processes on apical portion bearing numerous setae (Figs 3, 11); subgenital plates triangular (Fig. 4); stalk of connective with median keel (Fig. 72); aedeagus expanded apically (Fig. 6); paraphyses with two pairs of rami (Fig. 8), one directed anteriorly and other posteriorly (except in E. leucampix, with single pair of rami). Second valvulae of ovipositor (Fig. 19) with dorsal margin interrupted abruptly on basal portion.
description: Published as part of Mauro-Barr, T. T., Carvalho, R. A., Felix, M. & Mejdalani, G., 2009, Taxonomy of the Neotropical leafhopper genus Exogonia with description of seven new Brazilian species (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Cicadellini), pp. 43-68 in Zootaxa 2046 (1) on page 44, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2046.1.3, http://zenodo.org/record/5321354
Complex Langevin Simulations of Zero-dimensional Supersymmetric Quantum Field Theories
Creators: name: Joseph, Anosh
name: Kumar, Arpith
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the possibility of spontaneous supersymmetry breaking in a class of zero-dimensional ${\cal N} = 2$ supersymmetric quantum field theories, with complex actions, using complex Langevin dynamics and stochastic quantization. Our simulations successfully capture the presence or absence of supersymmetry breaking in these models. The expectation value of the auxiliary field under twisted boundary conditions was used as an order parameter to capture spontaneous supersymmetry breaking in these models.
description: v2: 25 pages, 22 figures. Published version
Financial Services and Divisible Technology Dis-adoption among Farm Households: Theory and Empirical Application Using Data from Ethiopia
Creators: name: Guizar-Mateos, Isai
name: Dadzie, Nicholas
name: Guizar-Mateos, Isai
name: Dadzie, Nicholas
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: International Development
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: financial services
subject: credit
subject: abandonment
subject: rural Ethiopia

description: The adoption of improved varieties and technologies by rural agricultural households remains a major goal in development efforts. This is because researchers and development practitioners recognize it as a potential source of income growth for the poor. However, while studies on adoption of improved technologies abound, little evidence exist on the continued use of improved technologies. This study addresses this gap by focusing on divisible technologies which do not require significantly high investments or capital. A dynamic stochastic model is formulated which analyzes the mechanics of adoption and abandonment of improved technology among poor households. The model is solved using numerical approximation methods for different regimes of financial intermediation. The results show that increasing credit limits helps in sustained adoption and prevents abandonment of high-income crop. Using discrete choice panel data models, we test the implications of our theoretical results with data from rural Ethiopia. The estimation results confirm that for households already engaged in high income crops like maize, access to credit prevents abandonment of the maize crop.
Anderson-Mott Transition Driven by Spin Disorder: Spin Glass Transition and Magnetotransport in Amorphous GdSi
Creators: name: Majumdar, Pinaki
name: Kumar, Sanjeev
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A zero temperature Anderson-Mott transition driven by spin disorder can be `tuned' by an applied magnetic field to achieve colossal magnetoconductance. Usually this is not possible since spin disorder by itself cannot localise a high density electron system. However, the presence of strong structural disorder can realise this situation, self consistently generating a disordered magnetic ground state. We explore such a model, constructed to understand amorphous GdSi, and highlight the emergence of a spin glass phase, Anderson-Mott signatures in transport and tunneling spectra, and unusual magneto-optical conductivity. We solve a disordered strong coupling fermion-spin-lattice problem essentially exactly on finite systems, and account for all the qualitative features observed in magnetism, transport, and the optical spectra in this system.
description: Final version of cond-mat/0209579, to appear in Phys. Rev. Lett
A policy response to a downside of the integration of economies: An impossibility theorem
Creators: name: Stark, Oded
name: Stark, Oded
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Merger of populations
subject: Revision of social space
subject: Aggregate relative deprivation
subject: Societal stress
subject: Policy response

description: Recent research shows that the merger of economies increases aggregate stress. This paper shows that there is no income distribution policy which will ensure that the wellbeing of the individuals belonging to merging economies does not fall below their pre-merger level.
title: 03_0588
Creators: name: Wesley Baldwin, John
name: Baldwin, John W.
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: L'ensemble de ces notes ont été crée par John Baldwin lors d'une de ses premières périodes de résidence à Paris. Ces documents comprennent tous les magistri qu’il avait pu rencontrer dans ses sources. Aux XIIème et XIIIème siècles, les universités n'existant pas encore, le titre de magister s'il évoque certainement une compétence n'est pas rattaché de façon systématique au passage par les écoles. De surcroît, les magistris sont le plus souvent désignés par leur seul prénom. La lecture de ces données est donc difficile et suppose un long travail pour tenter d'identifier un individu auquel on pourrait rattacher plusieurs mentions. John Baldwin avait donc renoncé à utiliser ces données pour donner un prolongement à sa magnifique étude sur les gradués d'université et leur emploi par les Capétiens et les Plantagenêts. Néanmoins, il a conservé ces données et elles sont potentiellement très utile dans le cadre de Studium, comme le sont toutes les mentions dans les volumes des Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae de chanoines portant ce titre de magister sans autres précisions. L'ampleur des dépouillements rend ces données très utiles et nous devons une grande reconnaissance à John Baldwin pour avoir pris la peine de faire photocopier ses fiches et de nous les avoir transmises amicalement.
Les données ainsi que les images des fiches sont accessibles sur le site Internet à l'adresse suivante : http://studium-baldwin.lamop.fr/.
Les transcriptions des fiches ont été effectuées par des étudiants de Paris 1 Panthéon - Sorbonne mais elles n'ont pas été corrigées par la suite.
description: Relation: https://lamop.hypotheses.org/
Methods from Transgenerational plasticity and the capacity to adapt to low salinity in the eastern oyster, Crassostrea virginica
Creators: name: Griffiths, Joanna S.
name: Johnson, Kevin M.
name: Sirovy, Kyle A.
name: Yeats, Mark S.
name: Pan, Francis T. C.
name: La Peyre, Jerome F.
name: Kelly, Morgan W.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Ecology

description: This file contains the oyster IDs used in each experimental breeding block. Unsuccessful fertilizations are indicated with a red X over the larval treatment. This file also contains the methods for biochemical measurements for egg quality assessment and estimating our selection differential using the Breeder's equation.
One-loop vertex integrals in heavy-particle effective theories
Creators: name: Bouzas, Antonio O.
name: Flores-Mendieta, Ruben
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We give a complete analytical computation of three-point one-loop integrals with one heavy propagator, up to the third tensor rank, for arbitrary values of external momenta and masses.
description: 10 pages, Latex, to appear in J. Phys. G
Listen and Fill in the Missing Letters: Non-Autoregressive Transformer for Speech Recognition
Creators: name: Chen, Nanxin
name: Watanabe, Shinji
name: Villalba, Jesús
name: Dehak, Najim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recently very deep transformers have outperformed conventional bi-directional long short-term memory networks by a large margin in speech recognition. However, to put it into production usage, inference computation cost is still a serious concern in real scenarios. In this paper, we study two different non-autoregressive transformer structure for automatic speech recognition (ASR): A-CMLM and A-FMLM. During training, for both frameworks, input tokens fed to the decoder are randomly replaced by special mask tokens. The network is required to predict the tokens corresponding to those mask tokens by taking both unmasked context and input speech into consideration. During inference, we start from all mask tokens and the network iteratively predicts missing tokens based on partial results. We show that this framework can support different decoding strategies, including traditional left-to-right. A new decoding strategy is proposed as an example, which starts from the easiest predictions to the most difficult ones. Results on Mandarin (Aishell) and Japanese (CSJ) ASR benchmarks show the possibility to train such a non-autoregressive network for ASR. Especially in Aishell, the proposed method outperformed the Kaldi ASR system and it matches the performance of the state-of-the-art autoregressive transformer with 7x speedup. Pretrained models and code will be made available after publication.
MOESM2 of The long-term efficacy of one-shot neoadjuvant intra-arterial chemotherapy combined with radical cystectomy versus radical cystectomy alone for bladder cancer: a propensity-score matching study
Creators: name: Wasilijiang Wahafu
name: Liu, Sai
name: Wenbin Xu
name: Mengtong Wang
name: Qingbao He
name: Liming Song
name: Mingshuai Wang
name: Feiya Yang
name: Hua, Lin
name: Yinong Niu
name: Nianzeng Xing
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 2: Figure S1. Propensity-score matching analysis based on follow-up duration (Box plot), (A), Distribution of different groups of patients by follow-up time before the match (B), Distribution of different groups of patients by follow-up time after 1:3 matching, Figure S2. Tumor staging changes in the NIAC group after matching (see Table S1), Figure S3. Tumor staging changes in the IAC group (see Table S2), Figure S4. Overall survival and cancer-specific survival from Cox proportional hazards regression analysis (see Table S3-S6), (A), Diabetes was associated with only OS (p = 0.004) in the IAC group. (B). BMI was only associated with OS (p = 0.014), and PLN was associated with both OS (p<0.001 = and CSS (p = 0.017) in the NIAC group, Figure S5. Flow diagram of the article selection process
Xrn1-resistant RNA structures are well-conserved within the genus flavivirus
Creators: name: Dilweg, Ivar W.
name: Bouabda, Assia
name: Dalebout, Tim
name: Gultyaev, Alexander P.
name: Bredenbeek, Peter J.
name: R. C. L. Olsthoorn
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: Plant Biology
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Subgenomic RNAs are produced by several RNA viruses through incomplete degradation of their genomic RNA by the exoribonuclease Xrn1, and have been shown to be essential for viral growth and pathogenicity. Within the flavivirus genus of the Flaviviridae family, two distinct classes of Xrn1-resistant RNA motifs have been proposed; one for mosquito-borne and insect-specific flaviviruses, and one for tick-borne flaviviruses and no-known-vector flaviviruses. We investigated tick-borne and no-known-vector flavivirus Xrn1-resistant RNA motifs through systematic in vitro mutational analysis and showed that both classes actually possess very similar structural configurations, including a double pseudoknot and a base-triple at identical, conserved locations. For the no-known-vector flavivirus Modoc virus, we show that in vivo generation of subgenomic flaviviral RNA was affected by mutations targeted at nucleotides involved in the structural features of flaviviral Xrn1-resistant RNA motifs that were defined in this work. Our results suggest that throughout the genus flavivirus Xrn1-resistant RNA motifs adopt the same topologically conserved structure.
Breakdown of Raman Selection Rules By Fröhlich Interaction in Few-Layer WS$_2$
Creators: name: Tan, Qing-Hai
name: Xu, Kai-Xuan
name: Sun, Yu-Jia
name: Liu, Xue-Lu
name: Gao, Yuan-Fei
name: Ren, Shu-Liang
name: Tan, Ping-Heng
name: Zhang, Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Raman selection rules arise from the crystal symmetry and then determine the Raman activity and polarization of scattered phonon modes. However, these selection rules can be broken in resonant process due to the strong electron-phonon coupling effect. Here we reported the observation of breakdown of Raman selection rules in few-layer WS$_2$ by using resonant Raman scattering with dark A exciton. In this case, not only the infrared active modes and backscattering forbidden modes are observed, but the intensities of all observed phonon modes become strongest under paralleled-polarization and independent on the Raman tensors of phonons. We attributed this phenomenon to the interaction between dark A exciton and the scatted phonon, the so-called intraband Fröhlich interaction, where the Raman scattering possibility is totally determined by the symmetry of exciton rather than the phonons due to strong electron-phonon coupling. Our results not only can be used to easily detect the optical forbidden excitonic and phononic states but also provide a possible way to manipulate optical transitions between electronic levels.
description: 3 Figures
CBP80/20-dependent translation initiation factor (CTIF) inhibits HIV-1 Gag synthesis by targeting the function of the viral protein Rev
Creators: name: García-De-Gracia, Francisco
name: Aracelly Gaete-Argel
name: Riquelme-Barrios, Sebastián
name: Pereira-Montecinos, Camila
name: Rojas-Araya, Bárbara
name: Aguilera, Paulina
name: Oyarzún-Arrau, Aarón
name: Rojas-Fuentes, Cecilia
name: Acevedo, Mónica L.
name: Jonás Chnaiderman
name: Valiente-Echeverría, Fernando
name: Toro-Ascuy, Daniela
name: Soto-Rifo, Ricardo
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Translation initiation of the human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) full-length RNA has been shown to occur through cap-dependent and IRES-driven mechanisms. Previous studies suggested that the nuclear cap-binding complex (CBC) rather than eIF4E drives cap-dependent translation of the full-length RNA and we have recently reported that the CBC subunit CBP80 supports the function of the viral protein Rev during nuclear export and translation of this viral transcript. Ribosome recruitment during CBC-dependent translation of cellular mRNAs relies on the activity CBP80/20 translation initiation factor (CTIF), which bridges CBP80 and the 40S ribosomal subunit through interactions with eIF3g. Here, we report that CTIF inhibits HIV-1 and HIV-2 Gag synthesis from the full-length RNA. Our results indicate that CTIF associates with HIV-1 Rev through its N-terminal domain and is recruited onto the full-length RNA ribonucleoprotein complex in order to interfere with Gag synthesis. We also demonstrate that CTIF induces the cytoplasmic accumulation of Rev impeding the association of the viral protein with CBP80. We finally show that Rev interferes with the association of CTIF with CBP80 indicating that CTIF and Rev compete for the CBC subunit.
Molecular determinants and heterogeneity underlying host response to EV-A71 infection at single-cell resolution
Creators: name: Rei-Lin Kuo
name: Yi-Tung Chen
name: Huai-An Li
name: Chih-Ching Wu
name: Hsiao-Chu Chiang
name: Jhao-Yin Lin
name: Hsing-I Huang
name: Shin-Ru Shih
name: Tan, Bertrand Chin-Ming
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: The pathogenic human enterovirus EV-A71 has raised serious public health concerns. A hallmark of EV-A71 infection is the distortion of host transcriptomes in favour of viral replication. While high-throughput approaches have been exploited to dissect these gene dysregulations, they do not fully capture molecular perturbations at the single-cell level and in a physiologically relevant context. In this study, we applied a single-cell RNA sequencing approach on infected differentiated enterocyte cells (C2BBe1), which model the gastrointestinal epithelium targeted initially by EV-A71. Our single-cell analysis of EV-A71-infected culture provided several lines of illuminating observations: 1) This systems approach demonstrated extensive cell-to-cell variation in a single culture upon viral infection and delineated transcriptomic differences between the EV-A71-infected and bystander cells. 2) By analysing expression profiles of known EV-A71 receptors and entry facilitation factors, we found that ANXA2 was closely correlated in expression with the viral RNA in the infected population, supporting its role in EV-A71 entry in the enteric cells. 3) We further catalogued dysregulated lncRNAs elicited by EV-A71 infection and demonstrated the functional implication of lncRNA CYTOR in promoting EV-A71 replication. Viewed together, our single-cell transcriptomic analysis illustrated at the single-cell resolution the heterogeneity of host susceptibility to EV-A71 and revealed the involvement of lncRNAs in host antiviral response.
The Bundles of Algebraic and Dirac-Hestenes Spinor Fields
Creators: name: Mosna, Ricardo A.
name: Rodrigues, Waldyr A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81Q05,81R25, 15A66

description: The main objective of this paper is to clarify the ontology of Dirac-Hestenes spinor fields (DHSF) and its relationship with sum of even multivector fields, on a general Riemann-Cartan spacetime admitting a spin structure and to give a mathematically rigorous derivation of the so called Dirac-Hestenes equation (DHE) when spacetime is a Lorentzian. To this aim we introduce the Clifford bundle of multivector fields (Cl(M,g)) and the left (Cl_{Spin_{1,3}^{e}}^{l}(M)) and right (Cl_{Spin_{1,3}^{e}}^{r}(M)) spin-Clifford bundles on the spin manifold (M,g) The relation between left ideal algebraic spinor fields (LIASF) and Dirac-Hestenes spinor fields (both fields are sections of Cl_{Spin_{1,3}^{e}}^{l}(M)) is clarified. We study in details the theory of the covariant derivatives of Clifford and left and right spin-Clifford fields. Moreover, we find a consistent Dirac equation for a DHSF (denoted DECl^{l}) on a Lorentzian spacetime. We succeeded also in obtaining a representation of the DECl^{l} in the Clifford bundle Cl(M,g). It is such equation that we call the DHE and it is satisfied by even multivector fields (EMFS). Of course, such a EMFS is not a spinor field. We provide moreover a consistent theory for the covariant derivatives of Clifford and spinor fields of all kinds. We emphasize that the DECl^{l} and the DHE, although related, are equations of different mathematical natures. We study also the local Lorentz invariance and the electromagnetic gauge invariance and show that only for the DHE such transformations are of the same mathematical nature, thus suggesting a possible link between them.
description: Some typos and some misprints have been corrected. Version as published in JMP
Dengue virus strain 2 capsid protein switches the annealing pathway and reduces intrinsic dynamics of the conserved 5’ untranslated region
Creators: name: Yong, Xin Ee
name: Palur Venkata Raghuvamsi
name: Anand, Ganesh S.
name: Wohland, Thorsten
name: Sharma, Kamal K.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: The capsid protein of dengue virus strain 2 (DENV2C) promotes nucleic acid structural rearrangements using chaperone activity. However, the role of DENV2C during the interaction of RNA elements in the conserved 5’ untranslated region (5’UTR) to the 3’ untranslated region (3’UTR) is still unclear. Thus, we investigated the effect of DENV2C on the annealing mechanism of two RNA hairpin elements from the 5’UTR to their complementary sequences during (+)/(-) ds-RNAformation and (+) RNA circularization. DENV2C was found to switch the annealing pathway for RNA elements involved in (+)/(-) ds-RNA formation, but not for RNA elements related to (+) RNA circularization. In addition, we also determined that DENV2C modulates intrinsic dynamics and reduces kinetically trapped unfavourable conformations of the 5’UTR sequence. Thus, our results provide mechanistic insights by which DENV2C chaperones the interactions between RNA elements at the 5’ and 3’ ends during genome recombination, a prerequisite for DENV replication.
Visualizing biomolecular electrostatics in virtual reality with UnityMol-APBS
Creators: name: Laureanti, Joseph
name: Brandi, Juan
name: Offor, Elvis
name: Engel, David
name: Rallo, Robert
name: Ginovska, Bojana
name: Martinez, Xavier
name: Baaden, Marc
name: Baker, Nathan A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Virtual reality is a powerful tool with the ability to immerse a user within a completely external environment. This immersion is particularly useful when visualizing and analyzing interactions between small organic molecules, molecular inorganic complexes, and biomolecular systems such as redox proteins and enzymes. A common tool used in the biomedical community to analyze such interactions is the APBS software, which was developed to solve the equations of continuum electrostatics for large biomolecular assemblages. Numerous applications exist for using APBS in the biomedical community including analysis of protein ligand interactions and APBS has enjoyed widespread adoption throughout the biomedical community. Currently, typical use of the full APBS toolset is completed via the command line followed by visualization using a variety of two-dimensional external molecular visualization software. This process has inherent limitations: visualization of three-dimensional objects using a two-dimensional interface masks important information within the depth component. Herein, we have developed a single application, UnityMol-APBS, that provides a dual experience where users can utilize the full range of the APBS toolset, without the use of a command line interface, by use of a simple \ac{GUI} for either a standard desktop or immersive virtual reality experience.
Multicritical phenomena in O(n_1)+O(n_2)-symmetric theories
Creators: name: Calabrese, Pasquale
name: Pelissetto, Andrea
name: Vicari, Ettore
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the multicritical behavior arising from the competition of two distinct types of ordering characterized by O(n) symmetries. For this purpose, we consider the renormalization-group flow for the most general $O(n_1)\oplus O(n_2)$-symmetric Landau-Ginzburg-Wilson Hamiltonian involving two fields $ϕ_1$ and $ϕ_2$ with $n_1$ and $n_2$ components respectively. In particular, we determine in which cases, approaching the multicritical point, one may observe the asymptotic enlargement of the symmetry to O(N) with N=n_1+n_2. By performing a five-loop $ε$-expansion computation we determine the fixed points and their stability. It turns out that for N=n_1+n_2\ge 3 the O(N)-symmetric fixed point is unstable. For N=3, the multicritical behavior is described by the biconal fixed point with critical exponents that are very close to the Heisenberg ones. For N\ge 4 and any n_1,n_2 the critical behavior is controlled by the tetracritical decoupled fixed point. We discuss the relevance of these results for some physically interesting systems, in particular for anisotropic antiferromagnets in the presence of a magnetic field and for high-T_c superconductors. Concerning the SO(5) theory of superconductivity, we show that the bicritical O(5) fixed point is unstable with a significant crossover exponent, $ϕ_{4,4}\approx 0.15$; this implies that the O(5) symmetry is not effectively realized at the point where the antiferromagnetic and superconducting transition lines meet. The multicritical behavior is either governed by the tetracritical decoupled fixed point or is of first-order type if the system is outside its attraction domain.
description: 20 pages
Determination of the 3D Magnetic Field Vector Orientation with NV Centers in Diamond
Creators: name: Weggler, Timo
name: Ganslmayer, Christian
name: Frank, Florian
name: Eilert, Tobias
name: Jelezko, Fedor
name: Michaelis, Jens
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Absolute knowledge about the magnetic field orientation plays a crucial role in single spin-based quantum magnetometry and the application toward spin-based quantum computation. In this paper, we reconstruct the 3D orientation of an arbitrary static magnetic field with individual nitrogen vacancy (NV) centers in diamond. We determine the polar and the azimuthal angle of the magnetic field orientation relative to the diamond lattice. Therefore, we use information from the photoluminescence anisotropy of the NV, together with a simple pulsed Optically Detected Magnetic Resonance (ODMR) experiment. Our nanoscopic magnetic field determination is generally applicable and does not rely on special prerequisites such as strongly coupled nuclear spins or particular controllable fields. Hence, our presented results open up new paths for precise NMR reconstructions and the modulation of the electron-electron spin interaction in EPR measurements by specifically tailored magnetic fields.
description: Main text : 15 pages, 7 figures Supporting information : 4 pages, 2 figure
Modern Dyson-Schwinger Equation Studies
Creators: name: Hecht, M. B.
name: Roberts, C. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dichotomy of the pion as QCD's Goldstone mode and a bound state of massive constituents is easily understood using the Dyson-Schwinger equations. That provides the foundation for an efficacious phenomenology, which correlates the pion's charge radius and electromagnetic form factor with its valence quark distribution function; and simultaneously provides a Poincare' covariant description of the nucleon, its form factors and, more recently, meson photoproduction processes. This well-constrained framework can also be used to eliminate candidates for an extension of the Standard Model by providing the relation between current-quark electric dipole moments and that of the neutron
description: 9 pages, LaTeX2e, Contribution to the Proceedings of the 9th International Symposium on Meson-Nucleon Physics and the Structure of the Nucleon, Washington DC, July 2001, "MENU2001"
A model-independent determination of the Hubble constant from lensed quasars and supernovae using Gaussian process regression
Creators: name: Liao, Kai
name: Shafieloo, Arman
name: Keeley, Ryan E.
name: Linder, Eric V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Strongly lensed quasar systems with time delay measurements provide "time delay distances", which are a combination of three angular diameter distances and serve as powerful tools to determine the Hubble constant $H_0$. However, current results often rely on the assumption of the $Λ$CDM model. Here we use a model-independent method based on Gaussian process to directly constrain the value of $H_0$. By using Gaussian process regression, we can generate posterior samples of unanchored supernova distances independent of any cosmological model and anchor them with strong lens systems. The combination of a supernova sample with large statistics but no sensitivity to $H_0$ with a strong lens sample with small statistics but $H_0$ sensitivity gives a precise $H_0$ measurement without the assumption of any cosmological model. We use four well-analyzed lensing systems from the state-of-art lensing program H0LiCOW and the Pantheon supernova compilation in our analysis. Assuming the Universe is flat, we derive the constraint $H_0=72.2 \pm 2.1\,$km/s/Mpc, a precision of $2.9\%$. Allowing for cosmic curvature with a prior of $Ω_{k}=[-0.2,0.2]$, the constraint becomes $H_0=73.0_{-3.0}^{+2.8}\,$km/s/Mpc.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures. Accepted for publication in ApJ Letters
QCD Calculations of Pion Electromagnetic and Transition Form Factors
Creators: name: Radyushkin, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A short review is given of calculations of the pion electromagnetic and transition form factors within the framework of quantum chromodynamics. It is argued that both the perturbative and nonperturbative aspects of the Q^2 dependence of these form factors are rather well understood in QCD. However, new experimental data at higher Q^2 would be extremely helpful for detailed tests of the transition to the regime where the pQCD hard contribution plays the dominant role.
description: To appear in the proceedings of 3rd Workshop on Chiral Dynamics - Chiral Dynamics 2000: Theory and Experiment, Newport News, Virginia, 17-22 Jul 2000
Controlling the nonadiabatic electron-transfer reaction rate through molecular-vibration polaritons in the ultrastrong coupling regime
Creators: name: Phuc, Nguyen Thanh
name: Trung, Pham Quang
name: Ishizaki, Akihito
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent experiments showed that the chemical reaction rate is modified, either increased or decreased, by strongly coupling a nuclear vibration mode to the single mode of an optical cavity. Herein we investigate how the rate of an electron-transfer reaction depends on the molecule-cavity coupling in the ultrastrong coupling regime, where the coupling strength is comparable in magnitude with both the vibrational and the cavity frequencies. We found two main factors that determine the modification of the reaction rate: the relative shifts of the energy levels induced by the coupling and the mixing of the ground and excited states of molecular vibration in the ground state of the hybrid molecule-plus-cavity system through which the Franck-Condon factor between the initial and final states of the transition is altered. The former is the dominant factor if the molecule-cavity coupling strengths for the reactant and product states differ significantly from each other and gives rise to an increase in the reaction rate over a wide range of system's parameters. The latter dominates if the coupling strengths and energy levels of the reactant and product states are close to each other and it leads to a decrease in the reaction rate. The effect of the mixing of molecular vibrational states on the reaction rate is, however, suppressed in a system containing a large number of molecules due to the collective nature of the resulting polariton, and thus should be observed in a system containing a small number of molecules. In contrast, the effect of the relative shifts of the energy levels should be essentially independent of the number of molecules coupled to the cavity.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
The Chiral Phase Transition in Dissipative Dynamics
Creators: name: Holzwarth, G.
name: Klomfass, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Numerical simulations of the chiral phase transition in the (3+1)dimensional O(4)-model are presented. The evolutions of the chiral field follow purely dissipative dynamics, starting from random chirally symmetric initial configurations down to the true vacuum with spontaneously broken symmetry. The model stabilizes topological textures which are formed together with domains of disoriented chiral condensate (DCC) during the roll-down phase. The classically evolving field acts as source for the emission of pions and $σ$ mesons. The exponents of power laws for the growth of angular correlations and for emission rates are extracted. Fluctuations in the abundance ratios for neutral and charged pions are compared with those for uncorrelated sources as potential signature for the chiral phase transition after heavy-ion collisions. It is found that the presence of stabilizing textures (baryons and antibaryons) prevents sufficiently rapid growth of DCC-domain size, so observability of anomalous tails in the abundance ratios is unlikely. However, the transient formation of growing DCC domains causes sizable broadening of the distributions as compared to the statistical widths of generic sources.
description: 28 pages, 8 figures
Momentum Ray Transforms, II: Range Characterization In the Schwartz space
Creators: name: Krishnan, Venkateswaran P.
name: Manna, Ramesh
name: Sahoo, Suman Kumar
name: Sharafutdinov, Vladimir A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 44A12, 65R32

description: The momentum ray transform $I^k$ integrates a rank $m$ symmetric tensor field $f$ over lines of ${\R}^n$ with the weight $t^k$: $ (I^k\!f)(x,ξ)=\int_{-\infty}^\infty t^kłf(x+tξ),ξ^m\r\,dt. $ We give the range characterization for the operator $f\mapsto(I^0\!f,I^1\!f,\dots, I^m\!f)$ on the Schwartz space of rank $m$ smooth fast decaying tensor fields. In dimensions $n\ge3$, the range is characterized by certain differential equations of order $2(m+1)$ which generalize the classical John equations. In the two-dimensional case, the range is characterized by certain integral conditions which generalize the classical Gelfand -- Helgason -- Ludwig conditions.
Reexamining nonstandard interaction effects on supernova neutrino flavor oscillations
Creators: name: Fogli, G. L.
name: Lisi, E.
name: Mirizzi, A.
name: Montanino, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Several extensions of the standard electroweak model allow new four-fermion interactions (nu_a nu_b * ff) with strength eps_ab*G_F, where (a,b) are flavor indices. We revisit their effects on flavor oscillations of massive (anti)neutrinos in supernovae, in order to achieve, in the region above the protoneutron star, an analytical treatment valid for generic values of the neutrino mixing angles (omega,phi,psi)=(theta_12,theta_13,theta_23). Assuming that eps_ab<<1, we find that the leading effects on the flavor transitions occurring at high (H) and low (L) density along the supernova matter profile can be simply embedded through the replacements phi-->phi+eps_H and omega-->omega+eps_L, respectively, where eps_H and eps_L are specific linear combinations of the eps_ab's. Similar replacements hold for eventual oscillations in the Earth matter. From a phenomenological point of view, the most relevant consequence is a possible uncontrolled bias (phi-->phi+eps_H) in the value of the mixing angle phi inferred by inversion of supernova neutrino data. Such a drawback, however, does not preclude the discrimination of the neutrino mass spectrum hierarchy (direct or inverse) through supernova neutrino oscillations.
description: Text clarified, one figure added. To appear in PRD
MOESM1 of The long-term efficacy of one-shot neoadjuvant intra-arterial chemotherapy combined with radical cystectomy versus radical cystectomy alone for bladder cancer: a propensity-score matching study
Creators: name: Wasilijiang Wahafu
name: Liu, Sai
name: Wenbin Xu
name: Mengtong Wang
name: Qingbao He
name: Liming Song
name: Mingshuai Wang
name: Feiya Yang
name: Hua, Lin
name: Yinong Niu
name: Nianzeng Xing
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Pathological staging before and after surgery in the NIAC group after matching (see Fig. S2), Table S2. Pathological staging before and after surgery in the IAC group (see Fig. S3), Table S3. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard model to estimate survival outcomes in IAC and NIAC groups, Table S4. Description of OS of diabetes groupings in the IAC group (see Fig. S4A), Table S5. Description of OS of BMI groupings in the NIAC group (see Fig. S4B), Table S6. Description of OS of PLN groupings in the NIAC group (see Fig. S4B), Table S7. Description of CSS of PLN groupings in the NIAC group (see Fig. S4B)
Information Loss in Coarse Graining of Polymer Configurations via Contact Matrices
Creators: name: Ferrari, Patrik L.
name: Lebowitz, Joel L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 82D60; 82B41; 94A17

description: Contact matrices provide a coarse grained description of the configuration omega of a linear chain (polymer or random walk) on Z^n: C_{ij}(omega)=1 when the distance between the position of the i-th and j-th step are less than or equal to some distance "a" and C_{ij}(omega)=0 otherwise. We consider models in which polymers of length N have weights corresponding to simple and self-avoiding random walks, SRW and SAW, with "a" the minimal permissible distance. We prove that to leading order in N, the number of matrices equals the number of walks for SRW, but not for SAW. The coarse grained Shannon entropies for SRW agree with the fine grained ones for n <= 2, but differs for n >= 3.
description: 18 pages, 2 figures, latex2e Main change: the introduction is rewritten in a less formal way with the main results explained in simple terms
Improving the discovery potential of charged Higgs bosons at Tevatron Run 2
Creators: name: Guchait, Monoranjan
name: Moretti, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By exploiting the full process $p\bar p\to t\bar b H^-$, in place of the standard Monte Carlo procedure of factorising production and decay, $p\bar p\to t\bar t$ followed by $\bar t\to\bar b H^-$, we show how to improve the discovery reach of the Tevatron (Run 2) in charged Higgs boson searches, in the large $\tanβ$ region. This is achieved in conjunction with dedicated cuts on a `transverse mass' distribution sensitive to the Higgs boson mass and to `polarisation' effects in the $H^-\toτ^-\barν_τ$ decay channel.
description: 12 pages, LaTeX, 5 figures (one figure added, discussion slightly changed: version to appear in JHEP)
Figures and Tables from Transgenerational plasticity and the capacity to adapt to low salinity in the eastern oyster, Crassostrea virginica
Creators: name: Griffiths, Joanna S.
name: Johnson, Kevin M.
name: Sirovy, Kyle A.
name: Yeats, Mark S.
name: Pan, Francis T. C.
name: La Peyre, Jerome F.
name: Kelly, Morgan W.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Ecology

description: Supplemental figures and tables referenced in manuscript.
Insulator-metal transition and topological superconductivity in UTe2 from a first-principles calculation
Creators: name: Ishizuka, Jun
name: Sumita, Shuntaro
name: Daido, Akito
name: Yanase, Youichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically study superconductivity in UTe$_2$, which is a recently-discovered strong candidate for an odd-parity spin-triplet superconductor. Theoretical studies for this compound faced difficulty because first-principles calculations predict an insulating electronic state, incompatible with superconducting instability. To overcome this problem, we take into account electron correlation effects by a GGA$+U$ method and show the insulator-metal transition by Coulomb interaction. Using Fermi surfaces obtained as a function of $U$, we clarify topological properties of possible superconducting states. Fermi surface formulas for the three-dimensional winding number and three two-dimensional $\mathbb{Z}_2$ numbers indicate topological superconductivity at an intermediate $U$ for all the odd-parity pairing symmetry in the $Immm$ space group. Symmetry and topology of superconducting gap node are analyzed and the gap structure of UTe$_2$ is predicted. Topologically protected low-energy excitations are highlighted, and experiments by bulk and surface probes are proposed to link Fermi surfaces and pairing symmetry. Based on the results, we also discuss multiple superconducting phases under magnetic fields, which were implied by recent experiments.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures (Supplemental Material: 5 pages, 2 figures)
Interference of Spin Splittings in Magneto-Oscillation Phenomena in Two-Dimensional Systems
Creators: name: Tarasenko, S. A.
name: Averkiev, N. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spin splitting caused by the terms linear in wavevector in the effective Hamiltonian containing can give rise to the new magneto-oscillation phenomena in two-dimensional systems. It is shown that the joint action of the spin-dependent contributions due to the heterostructure asymmetry and to the lack of inversion center in the bulk material suppresses beats that arise in the magneto-oscillation phenomena in the presence of the terms of only one of these types.
description: pdf file, 4 pages, 2 figures
Deriving the $\text{AdS}_{3}/\text{CFT}_{2}$ Correspondence
Creators: name: Eberhardt, Lorenz
name: Gaberdiel, Matthias R.
name: Gopakumar, Rajesh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It was recently argued that string theory on ${\rm AdS}_3\times {\rm S}^3\times \mathbb{T}^4$ with one unit ($k=1$) of NS-NS flux is exactly dual to the symmetric orbifold CFT ${\rm Sym}^N(\mathbb{T}^4)$. In this paper we show how to directly relate the $n$-point correlators of the two sides to one another. In particular, we argue that the correlators of the world-sheet theory are delta-function-localised in string moduli space to those configurations that allow for a holomorphic covering map of the $\text{S}^2$-boundary of $\text{AdS}_3$ by the world-sheet. This striking feature can be seen both from a careful Ward identity analysis, as well as from semi-classically exact AdS$_3$ solutions that are pinned to the boundary. The world-sheet correlators therefore have exactly the same structure as in the Lunin-Mathur construction of symmetric orbifold CFT correlators in terms of a covering surface -- which now gets identified with the world-sheet. Together with the results of arXiv:1803.04423 and arXiv:1812.01007 this essentially demonstrates how the $k=1$ $\text{AdS}_3$ string theory becomes equivalent to the spacetime orbifold CFT in the genus expansion.
description: 55 pages; v2: matches JHEP version
From QCD lattice calculations to the equation of state of quark matter
Creators: name: Peshier, A.
name: Kampfer, B.
name: Soff, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe two-flavor QCD lattice data for the pressure at finite temperature and zero chemical potential within a quasiparticle model. Relying only on thermodynamic selfconsistency, the model is extended to nonzero chemical potential. The results agree with lattice calculations in the region of small chemical potential.
description: 5 eps figures