cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A cluster-based framework for contrast preservation during color space transformations
Creators: name: Lau, Cheryl
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: Common tasks such as printing, displaying, and visualizing images may require a transformation of the input image from its source color space to a target color space. Such transformations include converting color images to grayscale for printing, mapping images to the gamuts of target display devices, preparing images for color deficient viewers, and fusing multispectral or multiprimary data into tristimulus images. Each of these transformations has a straightforward, standard mapping, but it often involves a loss of information due to dimensionality reduction or differing constraints for the source and target spaces. In the extreme case, contrast is completely lost when different colors in the source space map to the same color in the target space, an effect known as metamerism. We present a framework for mapping an image from a source color space to a target color space in a way that preserves as much of the local contrast from the source image as possible while staying as faithful as possible to the standard mapping. We adopt a cluster-based approach in which the clusters represent local areas in the image, and the differences between the clusters represent local contrasts between neighboring areas. Our optimization translates clusters optimally to enhance local contrast without making the result seem unnatural. We apply our method to color to gray conversion, gamut mapping, image optimization for color deficient viewers, and conversion of multispectral and multiprimary images to tristimulus images. In each application, our method produces realistic, detail-preserving output images within their target spaces.
title: Jäger Movement
title: Jäger Movement
Creators: name: Jalonen, Jussi
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Finnland
subject: Weltkrieg [1914-1918]
subject: World War, 1914-1918--Finland

description: The Finnish Jäger movement recruited approximately 2,000 men to the German Armed Forces during the First World War. After their service on the Eastern Front, the Jägers formed the cadres of the White Army in the Finnish Civil War of 1918.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
Generating Referring Expressions in Open Domains
Creators: name: Siddharthan, Advaith
name: Copestake, Ann
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2004
Subjects: Information technology
Computer science

description: We present an algorithm for generating referring expressions in open domains. Existing algorithms work at the semantic level and assume the availability of a classification for attributes, which is only feasible for restricted domains. Our alternative works at the realisation level, relies on Word-Net synonym and antonym sets, and gives equivalent results on the examples cited in the literature and improved results for examples that prior approaches cannot handle. We believe that ours is also the first algorithm that allows for the incremental incorporation of relations. We present a novel corpus-evaluation using referring expressions from the Penn Wall Street Journal Treebank.
Critical Langevin dynamics of the O(N)-Ginzburg-Landau model with correlated noise
Creators: name: Bonart, Julius
name: Cugliandolo, Leticia F.
name: Gambassi, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the perturbative renormalization group to study classical stochastic processes with memory. We focus on the generalized Langevin dynamics of the ϕ^4 Ginzburg-Landau model with additive noise, the correlations of which are local in space but decay as a power-law with exponent αin time. These correlations are assumed to be due to the coupling to an equilibrium thermal bath. We study both the equilibrium dynamics at the critical point and quenches towards it, deriving the corresponding scaling forms and the associated equilibrium and non-equilibrium critical exponents η, ν, z and θ. We show that, while the first two retain their equilibrium values independently of α, the non-Markovian character of the dynamics affects the dynamic exponents (z and θ) for α< α_c(D, N) where D is the spatial dimensionality, N the number of components of the order parameter, and α_c(x,y) a function which we determine at second order in 4-D. We analyze the dependence of the asymptotic fluctuation-dissipation ratio on various parameters, including α. We discuss the implications of our results for several physical situations.
title: Addams, Jane
title: Addams, Jane
Creators: name: Badertscher, Kathi Coon
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Addams, Jane
subject: Addams, Jane, 1860-1935

description: Jane Addams co-founded Hull House, the most famous of America’s 400 social settlements. Addams led the settlement movement and successfully championed many Progressive-era reforms. She received the Nobel Peace Prize for her advocacy work for international world peace during and after World War I.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
Using Jet Substructure at the LHC to Search for the Light Higgs Bosons of the CP-Violating MSSM
Creators: name: Bhattacherjee, Biplob
name: Chakraborty, Amit
name: Ghosh, Dilip Kumar
name: Raychaudhuri, Sreerup
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The CP-violating version of the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM) is an example of a model where experimental data do not preclude the presence of light Higgs bosons in the range around 10 -- 110 GeV. Such light Higgs bosons, decaying almost wholly to b-bbar pairs, may be copiously produced at the LHC, but would remain inaccessible to conventional Higgs searches because of intractable QCD backgrounds. We demonstrate that a significant number of these light Higgs bosons would be boosted strongly enough for the pair of daughter $b$-jet pairs to appear as a single `fat' jet with substructure. Tagging such jets could extend the discovery potential at the LHC into the hitherto-inaccessible region for light Higgs bosons.
description: LaTeX, 33 pages, 5 eps figures and 5 tables embedded. minor changes, to appear in Physical Review D
Von Hiroshima nach Fukushima : die nuklearen Opfer Japans
Creators: name: Terne, Nicole
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 300

description: Die vorliegende Arbeit vergleicht Diskriminierungserlebnisse der Überlebenden der Atombombenabwürfe auf Hiroshima und Nagasaki (1945) sowie der Betroffenen des Nuklearunglücks von Fukushima (2011) und geht dabei der Frage nach, ob deren subjektiv erlebte Ungleichbehandlung Parallelen zwischen den nuklearen Opfergruppen erkennen lässt. Die Durchführung narrativer Interviews als Erhebungsmethode in Kombination mit der Grounded-Theory-Methodologie als Auswertungsmethode ermöglicht die Herausarbeitung von vier Schlüsselkategorien der Diskriminierung, die Übereinstimmungen und Unterschiede zwischen den beiden Opfergruppen erkennen lassen. Politische Konstellationen, zentrale Akteure sowie öffentliche Debatten zum Thema der Atomkraft bilden den Rahmen der Arbeit, um auch Gründe und Folgen der andauernden Diskriminierung herauszuarbeiten. Anhand zehn Interviewaussagen werden Beispiele für subjektiv erlebte Diskriminierung exemplarisch vorgestellt, miteinander verglichen und diskutiert. Im Anhang der Arbeit befinden sich alle Interviews in voller Länge ins Deutsche übersetzt.
description: The present work compares the experienced discrimination of the survivors of the atomic bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki (1945) as well as of those affected by the Fukushima nuclear accident (2011) and examines whether this subjectively experienced unequal treatment reveals parallels between the nuclear victim groups. By conducting narrative interviews as a survey method in combination with the grounded theory methodology as an evaluation method, it is possible to identify four key categories of discrimination that reveal similarities and differences between the two victim groups. Political constellations, key players and public debates on the topic of nuclear power provide the framework for the research to also identify the causes and consequences of the ongoing discrimination. Using ten interviews, examples of subjectively experienced discrimination are presented, compared and discussed. All interviews can be found, fully translated into German, in the paper’s appendix.
Additional file 1 of Field evaluation of transgenic hybrid poplars with desirable wood properties and enhanced growth for biofuel production by bicistronic expression of PdGA20ox1 and PtrMYB3 in wood-forming tissue
Creators: name: Cho, Jin-Seong
name: Kim, Min-Ha
name: Bae, Eun-Kyung
name: Choi, Young-Im
name: Jeon, Hyung-Woo
name: Han, Kyung-Hwan
name: Ko, Jae-Heung
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Primers used in this study. Figure S1. Stem-specific expression of PdGA20ox1 transcripts in transgenic poplar plants. Gene expression in 60-day soil-grown poplar plants was analyzed. a Gene expression pattern of PdGA20ox1 by semi-quantitative RT-PCR using cDNA templates generated from either stem or leaf total RNA. b Quantification of PdGA20ox1 transcripts by qRT-PCR using cDNA templates generated from stem total RNA of the indicated hybrid poplars (i.e., WT, 35S::PdGA20ox1 #22, and DX15::PdGA20ox1-2A-PtrMYB003 #3). Error bars indicate S.E. (n = 3). Figure S2. Bud flushing status of transgenic hybrid poplars and WT poplars in spring. Shoot development from winter bud was faster in 35S::PdGA20ox1 and DX15::PdGA20ox1 transgenic poplars than in WT and DX15::PdGA20ox1-2A-PtrMYB3 poplars in spring. Figure S3. Planting design of WT and DX15::PdGA20ox1-2A-PtrMYB3 poplars in the LMO field. a Satellite photograph of the LMO field at the National Institute of Forest Science, Republic of Korea (latitude 37.2 N, longitude 126.9E). Hybrid poplars were planted in the yellow box. Bed numbers are indicated right. b Planting design of WT (green circles) and DX15::PdGA20ox1-2A-PtrMYB3 (red circles) poplars in each bed shown in (a). c Detailed planting map of each bed shown in (b). d Photograph taken two days after planting following the design. Figure S4. Secondary cell wall analysis of WT and DX15::PdGA20ox1-2A-PtrMYB3 transgenic poplars. a Histological analyses of secondary wall formation in DX15::PdGA20ox1-2A-PtrMYB3 and WT plants. The 20th internodes of stems from 60-day-old soil-grown poplar plants were used for cross-sectional analysis and stained with phloroglucinol-HCl. Scale bars indicate 25 mm. b Quantification of cell wall thickness. There was no difference in secondary cell wall thickness between transgenic poplar and WT plants. Error bars indicate the S.D. of the mean of three biological replicates (30 cells were measured per plant).
Die Flexibilität von TAL-Effektoren in der Natur und als molekulare Werkzeuge zur Genaktivierung und Genommodifikation
Creators: name: Richter, Annekatrin
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 572

description: TALEs sind Proteine phytopathogener Xanthomonas, die in Pflanzenzellen an DNAZielsequenzen binden und so Transkription aktivieren. Ihre DNA-Bindedomäne besteht aus 33-35 Aminosäuren (As) langen Sequenzwiederholungen (repeats), von denen jede ein Nukleotid der Zielsequenz spezifisch erkennt. In dieser Arbeit wurde gezeigt, dass TALEs mit einem aberranten repeat von 30, 39, 40 oder 42 As sowohl die optimale als auch eine um -1 Nukleotid verschobene Zielsequenz erkennen. Dies wurde für Aktivatoren genutzt, die verschiedene Promotorvarianten flexibel induzieren konnten. Weiterhin wurde gezeigt, dass artifizielle TALEs durch kooperatives Zusammenwirken mit endogenen Transkriptionsfaktoren effizient aktivieren. Außerdem wurden als Alternative zu paarigen TALE-Nukleasen (TALEN) einkettige Varianten erstellt, die effizient DNA schnitten, jedoch nicht zu Mutationen in Zellen führten. Darüber hinaus wurden hochspezifische TALEN erstellt, die zwei Sequenzen anhand nur einer Base unterscheiden.
description: TALEs are proteins of phytopathogenic Xanthomonas species. They bind to promoter sequences in the host plant cells and thereby induce genes. Their DNA-binding domain consists of 33 to 35 amino acid (aa) tandem repeats. Each repeat specifically recognizes one nucleotide in the target sequence. In this work, it was demonstrated that TALEs with an aberrant repeat of 30, 39, 40 or 42 aa recognize an optimal target sequence as well as one with a -1-nucleotide frameshift. This was used to generate TALEs that efficiently induced transcription at several promoter variants. Furthermore, it was shown that artificial TALEs are able to cooperatively induce transcription together with endogenous transcription factors. Additionally, single chain TALE nucleases (scTALEN) were constructed as an alternative to TALEN pairs. Although efficiently cleaving DNA in vitro, these scTALEN did not induce mutations in living cells. Finally, TALEN-pairs with a single nucleotide specificity were generated.
A COVID-19 panacea in digital technologies? Challenges for democracy and higher education
Creators: name: Burns, Ryan
Publisher: name: SAGE : Dialogues in Human Geography
Year: 2020
Subjects: COVID-19
Democracy
Digital technologies
Online education
Neoliberalism

description: Universities have transitioned to online education in order to slow the spread of COVID-19. This transition mobilizes the technological utopian imaginary that digital technologies can rescue populations from the disease. It also raises the risk of deepening neoliberal educational reforms and, by extension, poses a threat to democracy itself. This commentary explores this risk and suggests ways to resist the resulting neoliberalization of education that it could entail.
Remarks on the multi-species exclusion process with reflective boundaries
Creators: name: Arita, Chikashi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate one of the simplest multi-species generalizations of the one dimensional exclusion process with reflective boundaries. The Markov matrix governing the dynamics of the system splits into blocks (sectors) specified by the number of particles of each kind. We find matrices connecting the blocks in a matrix product form. The procedure (generalized matrix ansatz) to verify that a matrix intertwines blocks of the Markov matrix was introduced in the periodic boundary condition, which starts with a local relation [Arita et al, J. Phys. A 44, 335004 (2011)]. The solution to this relation for the reflective boundary condition is much simpler than that for the periodic boundary condition.
title: Rodó, José Enrique
title: Rodó, José Enrique
Creators: name: Monreal, Susana
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Rodó, José Enrique
subject: Rodó, José Enrique, 1871-1917

description: José Enrique Rodó was a Uruguayan writer. His main work ''Ariel'' was published in 1900. As a journalist, Rodó reflected his personal interpretation of the First World War.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
Failure analysis of coatings under thermo-mechanical loading
Creators: name: Nordmann, Joachim
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Technische Mechanik
subject: 620.105

description: This thesis analyse the failure behaviour of an iron aluminide-aluminium-compound in the temperature range of 250 C to 400 C. The whole theory of the derived model is presented. Further on, the model is extended with the damage gradient and a comparative study is performed to assess which model is computationally more efficient. Next to this, it is explained in detail how all required material parameters are identified from experiments or through numerical optimisation with a neural network.
description: Diese Arbeit analysiert das Versagensverhalten eines Eisenaluminium-Aluminium-Verbundes in einem Temperaturbereich von 250 C bis 400 C. Dafür wird zuerst die benötigte Theorie präsentiert und hergeleitet, und daraufhin die Identifizierung aller Materialparameter erklärt, welche entweder direkt aus experimentellen Daten oder durch numerische Optimierung mittels eines neuronalen Netzwerks bestimmt werden. Außerdem wird das, in dieser Arbeit benutzte Modell, mit dem Schädigungsgradienten erweitert und eine Effizienzstudie zwischen unterschiedlichen Berechnungsmethoden durchgeführt.
title: Daniels, Josephus
title: Daniels, Josephus
Creators: name: Worthington, Daniel E.
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Daniels, Josephus
subject: Daniels, Josephus, 1862-1948

description: Josephus Daniels was United States secretary of the Navy from 1913–1921. He democratized, expanded, and modernized the United States Navy, preparing it for service in the First World War. During the war Daniels championed the North Sea mining barrage and convoy system to defeat the German U-boat campaign in the Atlantic.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
Additional file 5 of Factors contributing to mitogenome size variation and a recurrent intracellular DNA transfer in Melastoma
Creators: name: Zhou, Shuaixi
name: Zhi, Xueke
name: Yu, Runxian
name: Liu, Ying
name: Zhou, Renchao
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 5: Table S5. Synonymous (Syn) and Non-Synonymous (Non) nucleotide substitutions in the mitochondrial genes between Melastoma candidum and M. sanguineum, and between M. candidum and M. dodecandrum.
A sparse conditional Gaussian graphical model for analysis of genetical genomics data
Creators: name: Yin, Jianxin
name: Li, Hongzhe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Genetical genomics experiments have now been routinely conducted to measure both the genetic markers and gene expression data on the same subjects. The gene expression levels are often treated as quantitative traits and are subject to standard genetic analysis in order to identify the gene expression quantitative loci (eQTL). However, the genetic architecture for many gene expressions may be complex, and poorly estimated genetic architecture may compromise the inferences of the dependency structures of the genes at the transcriptional level. In this paper we introduce a sparse conditional Gaussian graphical model for studying the conditional independent relationships among a set of gene expressions adjusting for possible genetic effects where the gene expressions are modeled with seemingly unrelated regressions. We present an efficient coordinate descent algorithm to obtain the penalized estimation of both the regression coefficients and the sparse concentration matrix. The corresponding graph can be used to determine the conditional independence among a group of genes while adjusting for shared genetic effects. Simulation experiments and asymptotic convergence rates and sparsistency are used to justify our proposed methods. By sparsistency, we mean the property that all parameters that are zero are actually estimated as zero with probability tending to one. We apply our methods to the analysis of a yeast eQTL data set and demonstrate that the conditional Gaussian graphical model leads to a more interpretable gene network than a standard Gaussian graphical model based on gene expression data alone.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/11-AOAS494 the Annals of Applied Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aoas/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Additional file 1 of Characterization and Evaluation of Transgenic Rice Pyramided with the Pi Genes Pib, Pi25 and Pi54
Creators: name: Peng, Meifang
name: Lin, Xiaomin
name: Xiang, Xiaoli
name: Ren, Huibo
name: Fan, Xiaoli
name: Chen, Kegui
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 1 Fig. S1, Vector for co-expression of three Pi genes Pib, Pi25 and Pi54. Fig. S2, qRT-PCR validation of the transcription levels of nine selected genes from DEGs detected by RNA–Seq. Fig. S3A: COG diagram of DEGs identified in Kasalath. Fig. S3B: COG diagram of DEGs identified in Zhenghan 10. Fig. S4A: KEGG classification of DEGs identified in Kasalath. Fig. S4B: KEGG classification of DEGs identified in Zhenghan 10. Fig. S5A: KEGG pathway enrichment bubble diagram of DEGs identified in Kasalath. Fig. S5B: KEGG pathway enrichment bubble diagram of DEGs identified in Zhenghan 10.
Robustness of Planar Fourier Capture Arrays to Colour Changes and Lost Pixels
Creators: name: Gill, Patrick R.
name: Lee, Changhyuk
name: Sivaramakrishnan, Sriram
name: Molnar, Alyosha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Planar Fourier capture arrays (PFCAs) are optical sensors built entirely in standard microchip manufacturing flows. PFCAs are composed of ensembles of angle sensitive pixels (ASPs) that each report a single coefficient of the Fourier transform of the far-away scene. Here we characterize the performance of PFCAs under the following three non-optimal conditions. First, we show that PFCAs can operate while sensing light of a wavelength other than the design point. Second, if only a randomly-selected subset of 10% of the ASPs are functional, we can nonetheless reconstruct the entire far-away scene using compressed sensing. Third, if the wavelength of the imaged light is unknown, it can be inferred by demanding self-consistency of the outputs.
description: 15 pages including cover page, 12 figures, associated with the 9th International Conference on Position Sensitive Detectors
title: Haller, Józef
Creators: name: Snopko, Jan
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2014

description: General Józef Haller was one of the best known Polish military commanders of the First World War period, a lieutenant of the Polish Legions, commander of the II Brigade of the Polish Legions, commander of the Polish Army in France, Inspector General of the Volunteer Army and commander of the North-Eastern Front in the Polish–Soviet War of 1920.
Diagnostic Accuracy of Conjunctival Rt-Pcr in Sars-Cov-2: A Systematic Review and Diagnostic Accuracy Meta-Analysis
Creators: name: Faubert, Aurélie
name: Bohsina, Rania
name: You, Eunice
name: Hébert, Mélanie
name: Griffith, May
name: Aubin, Marie-Josée
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: To study the positivity rate of conjunctival realtime polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) testing for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Systematic review and diagnostic accuracy meta-analysis. MEDLINE and EMBASE were queried using medical subject headings terms. Diagnostic accuracy meta-analyses and forest plots were obtained using the RevMan software. After deduplication, appraisal of abstract titles and full-text analysis of 1441 articles, 42 articles with 3351 COVID-19 patients were included in this review. Of these, 412 conjunctival swabs/Schirmer paper strips tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 by RT-PCR. The pooled sensitivity of the RT-PCR tests across the 24 studies with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 patients was 10.3%. Only 1 in 10 RT-PCR tests performed on conjunctival swabs were positive for SARS-CoV-2. Although this suggests that SARS-CoV-2 is likely present and detectable in the conjunctiva, this detection method has low diagnostic potential.
Enlarged Surface Meshes and Normalization Conditions for Columns and Rows of Matrices in the COSMO Method
Creators: name: Kupervasser, Oleg
name: Kikot', I. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Earlier, normalization conditions for the columns of the PCM (Polarized Continuum Model) were determined and a method of enlarged surface meshes was developed. We developed similar methods for the COSMO (COnductor like Screening MOdel). These methods make it possible to introduce larger surface meshes without loss of accuracy and perform fast calculations of the solvation energy and the Born radii in the SGB (Surface Generalized Born) method. In addition, the corrections proposed in this work provide a significant enhancement in the accuracy of numerical calculations.
description: 39 pages; Original Russian Text published in Khimicheskaya Fizika
Additional file 1 of The extract of black cumin, licorice, anise, and black tea alleviates OVA-induced allergic rhinitis in mouse via balancing activity of helper T cells in lung
Creators: name: Liao, Chengsong
name: Han, Yangyang
name: Chen, Zhijing
name: Baigude, Huricha
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Analysis of the aqueous extract of BLAB chemicals by UPLC-QTof-MS. Table S1. Compounds identified in the aqueous extract of BLAB by UPLC-QTof-MS.
Gravitons_and_Breaking_the_Speed_of_Light_Barrier_BaselAbdulMajid.pdf
Creators: name: AbdulMajid, Basel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Mathematical aspects of general relativity

description: According to Einstein's theory of relativity, nothing can travel faster than the speed of light. However, recent research suggests that gravitons, the hypothetical elementary particles that mediate the force of gravity, could potentially break this barrier. In this paper, we will explore the mathematical foundations of this idea and examine its implications.
title: Piłsudski, Józef
title: Piłsudski, Józef
Creators: name: Leśniewski, Michał
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Piłsudski, Józef
subject: Piłsudski, Józef, 1867-1935

description: Józef Klemens Piłsudski was a Polish statesman, socialist politician, freedom fighter, and soldier. He commanded the Polish Legions during the First World War, and served as the first chief of state (1918–1922), marshal (from 1920 onward), prime minister (1926–1928, 1930), and de facto leader of the Second Polish Republic (1926–1935).
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
Tax System Reform in India
Creators: name: Rao, M. Govinda
name: Rao, R. Kavita
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2009
Subjects: Finance
Economics

description: Many developing countries have embarked on tax reforms in recent years. Such reforms were motivated both by local factors as well as by rapid internationalization of economic activities. The need to correct fiscal imbalances and the transition from a centralized plan to a market economy were the important local factors hastening tax reforms. Difficulties in compressing expenditures necessitated that tax system reform take an important role in fiscal adjustment strategy. The transition from plan to market required the substitution of administered prices with market determined prices, the replacement of physical controls with financial controls, and the substitution of public enterprise profits with tax revenues. The Indian tax system too had to be reformed in response to changes in development strategy. In the initial years, tax policy was used as an instrument to achieve a variety of diverse goals which included increasing the level of saving and correcting for inequalities arising from an oligopolistic market structure created by a centralized planning regime, including a licensing system, exchange control, and administered prices (Bagchi and Nayak 1994). While the history of taxation in India is peppered with efforts for tax reform, especially in the form of various expert committees, the fiscal crisis of 1991 provided the first major window of opportunity for a serious rethink, followed by action. This paper analyzes both the structure and the operations of the Indian tax system. The first section discusses the evolution of the Indian tax system and tax collections and the impact of historical and institutional factors in shaping Indian tax policy. Next, we provide a critical analysis of some key features of the tax regime and its reform options. An analysis of the observed trends in tax revenue is presented in the following section, highlighting the possible efficiency and equity implications of the tax system. The final section pulls together the various suggestions for consolidation of tax reforms in India.
Dynamical control of matter wave splitting using time-dependent optical lattices
Creators: name: Park, Sung Jong
name: Andersen, Henrik Kjaer
name: Mai, Sune
name: Arlt, Jan
name: Sherson, Jacob F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on measurements of splitting Bose-Einstein condensates (BEC) by using a time-dependent optical lattice potential. First, we demonstrate the division of a BEC into a set of equally populated components by means of time dependent control of Landau-Zener tunneling in a vertical lattice potential. Next, we apply time dependent optical Bragg mirrors to a BEC oscillating in a harmonic trap. We demonstrate high-order Bragg reflection of the condensate due to multi-photon Raman transitions, where the depth of the optical lattice potential allows for a choice of the order of the transition. Finally, a combination of multiple Bragg reflections and Landau-Zener tunneling allows for the generation of macroscopic arrays of condensates with potential applications in atom optics and atom interferometry.
description: 7 pages, 8 figures
Limited Utility of Keratic Precipitate Morphology as an Indicator of Underlying Diagnosis in Ocular Inflammation
Creators: name: Terence, Katherine
name: Cundy, Olivia
name: Kellett, Salomey
name: Dick, Andrew D.
name: Rahi, Jugnoo
name: Solebo, Ameenat Lola
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: Medicine
Cell Biology
Pharmacology
Biotechnology
Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
Science Policy

description: We aimed to establish the degree of consensus among clinicians on descriptors of KP morphology. A web-based exercise in which respondents associated KP descriptors, as identified through a scoping review of the published literature, to images from different disorders. Inter-observer agreement was assessed using the Krippendorff kappa alpha metric. Of the 76 descriptive terms identified by the scoping review, the most used included “mutton-fat” (n = 93 articles, 36%), “fine/dust” (n = 76, 29%), “stellate” (n = 40, 15%), “large” (n = 33, 12%), and “medium” (n = 33, 12%). The survey of specialists (n = 26) identified inter-observer agreement for these descriptors to be poor (“stellate,” kappa: 0.15, 95% confidence interval 0.13–0.17), limited (“medium”: 0.27, 95% CI 0.25–0.29; “dust/fine”: 0.36, 95% CI 0.34–0.37), or moderate (“mutton fat”: 0.40, 95% CI 0.36–0.43; “large”: 0.43, 95% CI 0.39–0.46). The clinical utility of KP morphology as an indicator of disease classification is limited by low inter-observer agreement.
Sliding phase in randomly stacked 2D superfluids/superconductors
Creators: name: Laflorencie, Nicolas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using large scale quantum Monte Carlo simulations of lattice bosonic models, we precisely investigate the effect of weak Josephson tunneling between 2D superfluid or superconducting layers. In the clean case, the Kosterlitz-Thouless transition immediately turns into 3DXY, with phase coherence and superflow in all spatial directions, and a strong enhancement of the critical temperature. However, when disorder is present, rare regions fluctuations can lead to an intermediate finite temperature phase --- the so called sliding regime --- where only 2D superflow occurs within the layers without any transverse superfluid coherence, while a true 3D Bose-Einstein condensate exists. Critical properties of such an unconventional regime are carefully investigated.
description: 6 pages, 7 figures, final version (EPL)
title: Gabrys, Juozas
title: Gabrys, Juozas
Creators: name: Laurinavičius, Česlovas
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Gabrys-Paršaitis, Juozas
subject: Gabrys-Paršaitis, Juozas, 1880-1951

description: Juozas Gabrys was one of the major advocates of Lithuanian political aspirations in the international arena from 1911 to 1916. He contributed to the establishment of the Council of Lithuania in 1917. However, by acting mainly abroad, he gradually lost influence in Lithuania and later was marginalised on the political scene of the independent Republic.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
Polymorphismen im Gen der nicht-codierenden RNA ANRIL als parodontale und kardiovaskuläre Risikomarker : (longitudinale Kohortenstudie)
Creators: name: Seitter, Linda
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 610

description: Sowohl Parodontitis, als auch die koronare Herzerkrankung (KHK) sind entzündlich bedingte Erkrankungen, welche eine ausgeprägte Prävalenz und Inzidenz in der Bevölkerung der Industrienationen aufweisen. Ein Zusammenhang zwischen beiden Erkrankungen wird seit längerer Zeit diskutiert, wobei als Schnittstelle gemeinsame genetische Risikofaktoren vermutet werden. In der vorliegenden Studie sollten Polymorphismen im Kandidatengen ANRIL auf mögliche Assoziationen zur schweren Parodontitis, sowie als prognostische Marker für kardiovaskuläre Ereignisse untersucht und identifiziert werden. Zusammenfassend kann festgestellt werden, dass der rs3217992 als unabhängiger parodontaler Risikomarker bei Patienten mit Koronarstenose und als Prognosemarker für kardiovaskuläre Sekundärereignisse identifiziert wurde.
description: Both periodontitis and coronary heart disease (CHD) are inflammatory diseases with a pronounced prevalence and incidence in the industrialized population. For a long time, a connection between periodontal and cardiovascular diseases was suspected. As an interface of both diseases, common genetic risk factors were discussed. The aim of the study was to evaluate polymorphisms in the candidate gene ANRIL for possible associations with severe periodontitis and as prognostic markers for cardiovascular events. In conclusion, the SNP rs3217992 was confirmed in the ANRIL gene as an independent periodontal risk marker in patients with coronary stenosis. In addition, this polymorphism can also be used as a prognostic marker for future cardiovascular events
Thermalization from gauge/gravity duality: Evolution of singularities in unequal time correlators
Creators: name: Erdmenger, Johanna
name: Lin, Shu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a gauge/gravity dual model of thermalization which consists of a collapsing thin matter shell in asymptotically Anti-de Sitter space. A central aspect of our model is to consider a shell moving at finite velocity as determined by its equation of motion, rather than a quasi-static approximation as considered previously in the literature. By applying a divergence matching method, we obtain the evolution of singularities in the retarded unequal time correlator $G^R(t,t')$, which probes different stages of the thermalization. We find that the number of singularities decreases from a finite number to zero as the gauge theory thermalizes. This may be interpreted as a sign of decoherence. Moreover, in a second part of the paper, we show explicitly that the thermal correlator is characterized by the existence of singularities in the complex time plane. By studying a quasi-static state, we show the singularities at real times originate from contributions of normal modes. We also investigate the possibility of obtaining complex singularities from contributions of quasi-normal modes.
description: 35 pages, 4 figures
title: Stürgkh, Karl Graf
title: Stürgkh, Karl Graf
Creators: name: Moll, Martin
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Stürgkh, Karl
subject: Stürgkh, Karl, Graf von, 1859-1916

description: Karl Graf von Stürgkh was an Austrian member of the Imperial Council, Minister for Education, and Minister President of Cisleithania from 3 November 1911 until his assassination on 21 October 1916 by the Social Democrat Friedrich Adler. Stürgkh was one of a committee of five Austro-Hungarian ministers who made the decision to go to war in summer 1914.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
RADAR4Chem [Poster, english]
Creators: name: Bonatto-Minella, Christian
name: Soltau, Kerstin
name: Bach, Felix
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Research Data
subject: Research Data Management
subject: Publication
subject: Repository
subject: Persistent Identifier
subject: FAIR Data Principles
subject: Chemistry
subject: NFDI
subject: NFDI4Chem
subject: https://d-nb.info/gnd/1098579690
subject: https://d-nb.info/gnd/1064023886
subject: https://d-nb.info/gnd/1281663557

description: The poster presents the profile and services of the RADAR4Chem repository. RADAR4Chem is a low-threshold and easy-to-use service for sustainable publication and preservation of research data from all disciplines of chemistry. It offers free publication for any data type and format according to the FAIR principles and can be used by researchers in the field of chemistry at publicly funded research institutions and universities in Germany. RADAR4Chem is based on the well-established research data repository RADAR Cloud, which has been operated by FIZ Karlsruhe on a secure cloud platform since 2017. It serves as a catch-all repository, which complements the already existing portfolio of subject specific repositories for chemistry research data and is e.g. ideally suited for cross-disciplinary data or datasets with a multitude of different data formats.
description: NFDI4Chem is funded by the German Research Foundation (DFG) - 441958208.
description: {"references": ["re3data.org: RADAR4Chem; editing status 2022-11-25; re3data.org - Registry of Research Data Repositories. http://doi.org/10.17616/R31NJNAY last accessed: 2023-04-21"]}
Long-Term Visual Outcome of Patients with Blau Syndrome
Creators: name: Kreps, Elke O.
name: Al Julandani, Dalila
name: Guly, Catherine M.
name: Arostegui, Juan I.
name: Dick, Andrew D.
name: Ramanan, Athimalaipet V.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology

description: To document the long-term visual outcomes in patients with Blau syndrome. A retrospective institutional cohort study was conducted, and 13 patients with genetically confirmed Blau syndrome were included. Demographic and clinical data were collected from standardised medical charts. Baseline was defined as the first detected uveitis and data were recorded onwards at intervals of 1, 3, 5, 10, 15 and 20 years. Anterior uveitis was the most common classification at baseline (57.1%). Among patients with documented uveitis lasting 10 years or more, all of them developed panuveitis. Median logMAR visual acuity at baseline was 0 (range −0.5; 0.7), 0.19 (range 0; 1.5) at year 5, and 0.7 (range 0.1 – no perception of light) at year 20, as recorded in 13, 16, and 10 eyes, respectively. All patients received treatment with topical and oral steroids, and multiple systemic immunosuppressants including biologics. Disease control, defined as having cells <1+ in both eyes and using topical steroid eye drops less than twice daily, was achieved in 14.3% to 37.5% of patients at the different time points. Cataract surgery was performed in 12 eyes of 8 patients, 3 eyes of 3 patients necessitated glaucoma surgery, and 4 eyes of 4 patients required surgery for retinal detachment. Uveitis associated with Blau syndrome commonly leads to severe, chronic panuveitis, requiring long-term systemic immunosuppression. Early diagnosis and timely initiation of biologics may prevent significant visual impairment.
title: Päts, Konstantin
title: Päts, Konstantin
Creators: name: Pajur, Ago
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Päts, Konstantin
subject: Päts, Konstantin, 1874-1956

description: Konstantin Päts, a leading Estonian politician, was a key figure in the establishment of Estonian independence during and after World War I. In 1934, he and Johan Laidoner organized a putsch and Päts became an authoritarian ruler.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
Reggio Emilia (Northern Italy) Interdisciplinary Uveitis Clinic: What We Have Learned in the Last 20 Years
Creators: name: Gentile, P.
name: Aldigeri, R.
name: Mastrofilippo, V.
name: Bolletta, E.
name: De Simone, L.
name: Gozzi, F.
name: Ragusa, E.
name: Ponti, L.
name: Adani, C.
name: Zanelli, M.
name: Belloni, L.
name: Bonacini, M.
name: Croci, S.
name: Zerbini, A.
name: De Maria, M.
name: Neri, A.
name: Vecchi, M.
name: Cappella, M.
name: Fastiggi, M.
name: De Fanti, A.
name: Citriniti, G.
name: Crescentini, F.
name: Galli, E.
name: Muratore, F.
name: Montepietra, S.
name: Contardi, G.
name: Massari, M.
name: Paci, M.
name: Facciolongo, N.C.
name: Beltrami, M.
name: Cavallini, G.M.
name: Salvarani, C.
name: Cimino, L.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: Medicine
Cell Biology
Developmental Biology
Virology
Computational Biology

description: To analyze the referral patterns and the clinical and therapeutic features of patients diagnosed with uveitis in an Italian tertiary referral center to provide a comparison with previously published series from the same center. Retrospective retrieval of data on all new referrals to the Ocular Immunology Unit in Reggio Emilia (Italy) between November 2015 and April 2022 and comparison with previously published series from the same center. Among the 1557 patients, the male-to-female ratio was 1:1.27. Anterior uveitis was the most common diagnosis (53.7%), followed by posterior (21.6%), pan- (18.5%), and intermediate (6.2%) uveitis. The most identifiable specific diagnoses were anterior herpetic uveitis (18.4%), Fuchs uveitis (12.8%), and tuberculosis (6.1%). Infectious etiologies were the most frequent (34.1%) and were more diffuse among non-Caucasian patients (p < 0.001), followed by systemic disease-associated uveitis (26.5%), and ocular-specific conditions (20%). Idiopathic uveitis accounted for 19.4% of cases. Fuchs uveitis presented the longest median diagnostic delay (21 months). Immunosuppressants were administered to 25.2% of patients. Antimetabolites, calcineurin inhibitors, and biologicals were prescribed to 18.4%, 3%, and 11.4% of cases, respectively. Compared to our previous reports, we observed a significant increase in foreign-born patients and in infectious uveitis, a decrease in idiopathic conditions, and an increasing use of non-biological and biological steroid-sparing drugs. The patterns of uveitis in Italy have been changing over the last 20 years, very likely due to migration flows. Diagnostic improvements and a more widespread interdisciplinary approach could reduce the incidence of idiopathic uveitis as well as diagnostic delay.
Perturbed Kepler-problem in general relativity with quaternions
Creators: name: Nemes, F.
name: Mikóczi, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The motion of binary star systems is re-examined in the presence of perturbations from the theory of general relativity. The Kepler problem is regularized and linearized with quaternions. In this way first order perturbation results are derived.
description: 22 pages, 4 figures
Additional file 1 of SNPxE: SNP-environment interaction pattern identifier
Creators: name: Lin, Hui-Yi
name: Huang, Po-Yu
name: Tseng, Tung-Sung
name: Park, Jong Y.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Supplementary Table S1 and Figures S1–S2.