cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Farmer involvement in short food supply chains: a systematic literature review
Creators: name: Chiaverina, Pierre
name: Drogué, Sophie
name: Jacquet, Florence
name: Lev, Larry
name: King, Robert P.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Literature review
subject: Farmers
subject: Short Food Supply Chains
subject: Motivations
subject: Barriers
subject: Characteristics, Income

description: Many researchers, policy makers and food activists view Short Food Supply Chains (SFSC) as levers for improving farm income and the sustainability of farming systems. We conduct a systematic review of the motivations and factors favoring and barriers constraining farmer participation in SFSC as well as the impact on their income. We examined articles published in English and French from January 2000 to September 2021. The analysis includes a total of 146 papers among 2226 scientific articles returned by the literature search from Web of Science (WoS) and Scopus databases. The largest number of publications on these topics have been conducted on the United States (US) and have dramatically increased since 2014. The findings indicate that both economic and non-economic motivations encourage farmers to produce for SFSC with mixed evidence on which is the primary motivation. A set of characteristics of the farmers, farms and the area where the farms are located drive SFSC involvement. However, many constraints hinder the development of SFSC. In addition, even though the majority of studies report that SFSC participation has a positive impact on farmer income, some studies find the opposite result. Based on our results, research gaps are identified and policy suggestions drawn.
title: Uncovered Return Parity: Equity Returns and Currency Returns
Creators: name: Djeutem, Edouard
name: Dunbar, Geoffrey
Publisher: name: Bank of Canada
Year: 2018

description: We propose an uncovered expected returns parity (URP) condition for the bilateral spot exchange rate. URP implies that unilateral exchange rate equations are misspecified and that equity returns also affect exchange rates. Fama regressions provide evidence that URP is statistically preferred to uncovered interest rate parity (UIP) for nominal bilateral exchange rates between the US dollar and six countries (Australia, Canada, Japan, Norway, Switzerland and the UK) at the monthly frequency. An implication of URP is that commodity price changes that affect equity returns thus affect bilateral exchange rates through the equity channel. We find evidence that the Australian, Canadian, Norwegian (post 2001) and UK (post 1992) expected exchange rates increase via the oil-equity channel as oil prices rise, whereas the Japanese and Swiss expected exchange rates decrease.
description: Nous proposons une condition de parité des rendements sans couverture anticipés pour les taux de change bilatéraux au comptant. Cette condition implique que les équations de taux de change unilatéral sont mal spécifiées et que les rendements des actions influent également sur les taux de change. Les régressions de Fama tendent à montrer que l’hypothèse de la parité des rendements sans couverture est statistiquement préférable à celle de la parité des taux d’intérêt sans couverture pour expliquer les taux de change bilatéraux nominaux mensuels entre le dollar américain et les monnaies de six pays (Australie, Canada, Japon, Norvège, Suisse et Royaume-Uni). Il découle de cette première hypothèse que les variations des prix des produits de base ayant un effet sur les rendements des actions devraient entraîner des fluctuations des taux de change bilatéraux par le canal des actions. Nous constatons que les taux de change anticipés pour l’Australie, le Canada, la Norvège (après 2001) et le Royaume-Uni (après 1992) augmentent en phase avec les cours du pétrole par le canal des actions du secteur pétrolier, alors qu’ils diminuent pour le Japon et la Suisse.
Flavour Singlet ${\cal O}(α_s^2 m_b^2/m_t^2)$ Corrections to the Partial Decay Rate $Γ(Z\rightarrow b\bar{b})$
Creators: name: Chetyrkin, K. G.
name: Kwiatkowski, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analytically compute the flavour singlet ${\cal O}(α_s^2 m_b^2/m_t^2)$ radiative corrections to the partial decay rate $Γ(Z\rightarrow b\bar{b})$. These corrections arise from anomalous ``double traingle'' diagrams containing a single $γ_5$ matrix inside each of two closed fermion loops. They represent the next-to-leading term of the asymptotic expansion in the inverse large top mass. As a byproduct of the calculcation we confirm the results of B.Kniehl and J.H.Kühn for the flavour singlet massless corrections \cite{KniKue90} as well as our previous ${\cal O}(α_s^2 m_b^2/M_Z^2)$ result \cite{CheKwi93}.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures (eps-files will be ftp'ed on request)
Approximating the Single-Sink Link-Installation Problem in Network Design
Creators: name: F. S. Salman
name: J.  Cheriyan
name: Ramamoorthi Ravi
name: S.  Subramanian
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: 150399 Business and Management not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: We initiate the algorithmic study of an important but NP-hard problem that arises commonly in network design. The input consists of the following: An undirected graph with one sink node and multiple source nodes, a specified length for each edge, and a specified demand, demv, for each source node v. A small set of cable types, where each cable type is specified by its capacity and its cost per unit length. The cost per unit capacity per unit length of a high-capacity cable may be significantly less than that of a low-capacity cable, reflecting an economy of scale; i.e., the payoff for buying at bulk may be very high. The goal is to design a minimum-cost network that can (simultaneously) route all the demands at the sources to the sink by installing zero or more copies of each cable type on each edge of the graph. An additional restriction is that the demand of each source must follow a single path. The problem is to find a route from each source node to the sink and to assign capacity to each edge of the network such that the total costs of cables installed are minimized. We call this problem the single-sink link-installation problem. For the general problem, we introduce a new "moat-type" lower bound on the optimal value and we prove a useful structural property of near-optimal solutions: For every instance of our problem, there is a near-optimal solution whose graph is acyclic (with a cost no more than twice the optimal cost). We present efficient approximation algorithms for key special cases of the problem that arise in practice. For points in the Euclidean plane, we give an approximation algorithm with performance guarantee O(log (D/u1)), where D is the total demand and u1 is the smallest cable capacity. When the metric is arbitrary, we consider the case where the network to be designed is restricted to be two level; i.e., every source-sink path has at most two edges. For this problem, we present an algorithm with performance guarantee O(log n), where n is the number of nodes in the input graph, and also show that this performance guarantee is nearly best possible.
A two-stage estimation procedure for non-linear structural equation models
Creators: name: Holst, Klaus Kähler
name: Budtz-Jørgensen, Esben
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Applications of structural equation models (SEMs) are often restricted to linear associations between variables. Maximum likelihood (ML) estimation in non-linear models may be complex and require numerical integration. Furthermore, ML inference is sensitive to distributional assumptions. In this paper, we introduce a simple two-stage estimation technique for estimation of non-linear associations between latent variables. Here both steps are based on fitting linear SEMs: first a linear model is fitted to data on the latent predictor and terms describing the non-linear effect are predicted by their conditional means. In the second step, the predictions are included in a linear model for the latent outcome variable. We show that this procedure is consistent and identifies its asymptotic distribution. We also illustrate how this framework easily allows the association between latent variables to be modelled using restricted cubic splines and we develop a modified estimator which is robust to non-normality of the latent predictor. In a simulation study, we compare the proposed method to MLE and alternative two-stage estimation techniques.
POV: Prompt-Oriented View-Agnostic Learning for Egocentric Hand-Object Interaction in the Multi-View World
Creators: name: Xu, Boshen
name: Zheng, Sipeng
name: Jin, Qin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We humans are good at translating third-person observations of hand-object interactions (HOI) into an egocentric view. However, current methods struggle to replicate this ability of view adaptation from third-person to first-person. Although some approaches attempt to learn view-agnostic representation from large-scale video datasets, they ignore the relationships among multiple third-person views. To this end, we propose a Prompt-Oriented View-agnostic learning (POV) framework in this paper, which enables this view adaptation with few egocentric videos. Specifically, We introduce interactive masking prompts at the frame level to capture fine-grained action information, and view-aware prompts at the token level to learn view-agnostic representation. To verify our method, we establish two benchmarks for transferring from multiple third-person views to the egocentric view. Our extensive experiments on these benchmarks demonstrate the efficiency and effectiveness of our POV framework and prompt tuning techniques in terms of view adaptation and view generalization. Our code is available at \url{https://github.com/xuboshen/pov_acmmm2023}.
description: Accepted by ACM MM 2023. Project page: https://xuboshen.github.io/
On constructive extractability of measurable selectors of set-valued maps
Creators: name: Osinenko, Pavel
name: Streif, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper investigates the possibility of constructive extraction of measurable selector from set-valued maps which may commonly arise in viability theory, optimal control, discontinuous systems etc. For instance, existence of solutions to certain differential inclusions, often requires iterative extraction of measurable selectors. Next, optimal controls are in general non-unique which naturally leads to an optimal set-valued function. Finally, a viable control law can be seen, in general, as a selector. It is known that selector theorems are non-constructive and so selectors cannot always be extracted. In this work, we analyze under which particular conditions selectors are constructively extractable. An algorithm is derived from the theorem and applied in a computational study with a three-wheel robot model.
description: Published in IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control
title: Analysis of Asymmetric GARCH Volatility Models with Applications to Margin Measurement
Creators: name: Goldman, Elena
name: Shen, Xiangjin
Publisher: name: Bank of Canada
Year: 2018

description: We explore properties of asymmetric generalized autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity (GARCH) models in the threshold GARCH (GTARCH) family and propose a more general Spline-GTARCH model, which captures high-frequency return volatility, low-frequency macroeconomic volatility as well as an asymmetric response to past negative news in both autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity (ARCH) and GARCH terms. Based on maximum likelihood estimation of S&P 500 returns, S&P/TSX
returns and Monte Carlo numerical example, we find that the proposed more general asymmetric volatility model has better fit, higher persistence of negative news, higher
degree of risk aversion and significant effects of macroeconomic variables on the lowfrequency volatility component. We then apply a variety of volatility models in setting
initial margin requirements for a central clearing counterparty (CCP). Finally, we show how to mitigate procyclicality of initial margins using a three-regime threshold autoregressive model.
description:  Nous étudions les propriétés de modèles asymétriques d’hétéroscédasticité conditionnelle autorégressive généralisée (GARCH) de la famille des modèles GARCH à seuil
(TGARCH) et proposons un modèle TGARCH à fonction spline plus général où les termes de l’hétéroscédasticité conditionnelle autorégressive (ARCH) et généralisée rendent compte de la volatilité des rendements de variables à forte fréquence, de la volatilité des variables macroéconomiques à faible fréquence et de la réaction asymétrique aux nouvelles défavorables passées. Une estimation des rendements des indices S&P 500 et S&P/TSX par la méthode du maximum de vraisemblance ainsi qu’une simulation numérique de Monte-Carlo permettent d’arriver à plusieurs constats : le modèle de volatilité asymétrique plus général que nous proposons est mieux adapté, les effets des nouvelles défavorables persistent plus longtemps, le degré d’aversion au risque est plus élevé et les variables macroéconomiques ont une incidence significative sur la composante à faible fréquence de la volatilité. Nous recourons ensuite à divers modèles de volatilité pour établir les marges initiales exigées par une contrepartie centrale. Enfin, nous montrons comment atténuer la procyclicité des marges initiales en faisant appel à un modèle autorégressif à seuil à trois régimes.
On the fast quenching of young low-mass galaxies up to z $\sim$ 0.6: new spotlight on the lead role of environment
Creators: name: Moutard, Thibaud
name: Sawicki, Marcin
name: Arnouts, Stéphane
name: Golob, Anneya
name: Malavasi, Nicola
name: Adami, Christophe
name: Coupon, Jean
name: Ilbert, Olivier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the connection between environment and the different quenching channels that galaxies are prone to follow in the rest-frame NUVrK colour diagram, as identified by Moutard et al. (2016b). Namely, the fast quenching channel followed by $young$ low-mass galaxies and the slow quenching channel followed by $old$ high-mass ones. We make use of the >22 deg$^2$ covered the VIPERS Multi-Lambda Survey (VIPERS-MLS) to select a galaxy sample complete down to stellar masses of $M_* > 10^{9.4} M_\odot$ at $z < 0.65$ ($M_* > 10^{8.8} M_\odot$ at $z < 0.5$) and including 33,500 (43,000) quiescent galaxies properly selected at $0.2 < z < 0.65$, while being characterized by reliable photometric redshifts ($σ_{δz/(1+z)} \leq 0.04$) that we use to measure galaxy local densities. We find that (1) the quiescence of low-mass [$M_* \leq 10^{9.7} M_\odot$] galaxies requires a strong increase of the local density, which confirms the lead role played by environment in their fast quenching and, therefore, confirms that the low-mass upturn observed in the stellar mass function of quiescent galaxies is due to $environmental$ $quenching$. We also observe that (2) the reservoir of low-mass star-forming galaxies located in very dense regions (prone to environmental quenching) has grown between $z \sim 0.6$ and $ z \sim 0.4$ whilst the share of low-mass quiescent galaxies (expected to being environmentally quenched) may have simultaneously increased, which would plead for a rising importance of $environmental$ $quenching$ with cosmic time, compared to $mass$ $quenching$. We finally discuss the composite picture of such environmental quenching of low-mass galaxies and, in particular, how this picture may be consistent with a $delayed$-$then$-$rapid$ quenching scenario.
description: 14 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS; published version
Generalizing the Kawaguchi-Kyan bound to stochastic parallel machine scheduling
Creators: name: Jäger, Sven
name: Skutella, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: G.2.1

description: Minimizing the sum of weighted completion times on $m$ identical parallel machines is one of the most important and classical scheduling problems. For the stochastic variant where processing times of jobs are random variables, Möhring, Schulz, and Uetz (1999) presented the first and still best known approximation result achieving, for arbitrarily many machines, performance ratio $1+\frac12(1+Δ)$, where $Δ$ is an upper bound on the squared coefficient of variation of the processing times. We prove performance ratio $1+\frac12(\sqrt{2}-1)(1+Δ)$ for the same underlying algorithm---the Weighted Shortest Expected Processing Time (WSEPT) rule. For the special case of deterministic scheduling (i.e., $Δ=0$), our bound matches the tight performance ratio $\frac12(1+\sqrt{2})$ of this algorithm (WSPT rule), derived by Kawaguchi and Kyan in a 1986 landmark paper. We present several further improvements for WSEPT's performance ratio, one of them relying on a carefully refined analysis of WSPT yielding, for every fixed number of machines $m$, WSPT's exact performance ratio of order $\frac12(1+\sqrt{2})-O(1/m^2)$.
title: ADCO, Sixième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (1662), Cart. 30 (G 133), 441 folios, f. 385
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Petot, Frédéric
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CG21/F.PETOT/2012
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge
subject: cartulaire
subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: Sixième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (1662), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 30 (G 133), 441 folios, f. 385, Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Sixième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (1662), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 30 (G 133), 441 folios, f. 385, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https://manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: abbaye Saint-Étienne de Dijon
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q15945019
Superconducting Cavity-Based Sensing of Band Gaps in 2D Materials
Creators: name: Maji, Krishnendu
name: Sarkar, Joydip
name: Mandal, Supriya
name: H., Sriram
name: Hingankar, Mahesh
name: Mukherjee, Ayshi
name: Samal, Soumyajit
name: Bhattacharjee, Anirban
name: Patankar, Meghan P.
name: Watanabe, Kenji
name: Taniguchi, Takashi
name: Deshmukh, Mandar M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The superconducting coplanar waveguide (SCPW) cavity plays an essential role in various areas like superconducting qubits, parametric amplifiers, radiation detectors, and studying magnon-photon and photon-phonon coupling. Despite its wide-ranging applications, the use of SCPW cavities to study various van der Waals 2D materials is relatively unexplored. The resonant modes of the SCPW cavity exquisitely sense the dielectric environment. In this work, we measure the charge compressibility of bilayer graphene coupled to a half-wavelength SCPW cavity. Our approach provides a means to detect subtle changes in the capacitance of the bilayer graphene heterostructure, which depends on the compressibility of bilayer graphene, manifesting as shifts in the resonant frequency of the cavity. This method holds promise for exploring a wide class of van der Waals 2D materials, including transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) and their moiré where DC transport measurement is challenging.
A self-contained algorithm for determination of solid-liquid equilibria in an alloy system
Creators: name: Yang, Lin
name: Sun, Yang
name: Ye, Zhuo
name: Zhang, Feng
name: Mendelev, Mikhail I.
name: Wang, Cai-Zhuang
name: Ho, Kai-Ming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe a self-contained procedure to evaluate the free energy of liquid and solid phases of an alloy system. The free energy of a single-element solid phase is calculated with thermodynamic integration using the Einstein crystal as the reference system. Then, free energy difference between the solid and liquid phases is calculated by Gibbs-Duhem integration. The central part of our method is the construction of a reversible alchemical path connecting a pure liquid and a liquid alloy to calculate the mixing enthalpy and entropy. We have applied the method to calculate the free energy of solid and liquid phases in the Al-Sm system. The driving force for fcc-Al nucleation in Al-Sm liquid and the melting curve for fcc-Al and Al3Sm are also calculated.
description: 15 pages, 7 figures, submitting to a journal
title: Cambodia: A Guide to Educational and Instructional Resources
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 1989
Subjects: subject: Camboida
subject: Southeast Asian refugees
subject: Social and Cultural Anthropology

description: Prepared by the Asian Studies Program, University of Massachusetts Amherst
description: The Southeast Asian refugee population in western Massachusetts has grown significantly in the past decade. By mid 1988 the Massachusetts Office of Refugees and Immigrants estimated this population in Berkshire, Franklin, Hampden, and Hampshire counties to be over 2,100 people. The Cambodian population in western Massachusetts was estimated to be 1,147 people as of December 31, 1988, of which as many as 45% were school-age children in grades K-12. Considering their refugee experience it is not surprising that many of these children lack basic educational skills and content knowledge in their own culture. Despite some remedial education provided in various refugee camps in Southeast Asia, these students are often not well prepared to perform effectively in U. S. schools. This additional burden has further complicated the adjustment and learning process for them as they have entered public schools. The educational community has also been confronted with a serious lack of instructional materials, bilingual educators, and background knowledge to assist them in working with these students or in developing curriculum units on Southeast Asia. This Guide to Educational and Instructional Resources on Cambodia has been prepared to meet some of these needs for materials and background information. It is our hope that this document will be of primary benefit to educators working with the Cambodian student population. Though designed primarily for educators in western Massachusetts, it should be of use to all educators and volunteers working with a Cambodian population. A large portion of the materials cited here are concerned with instructional and bilingual education . Many have been developed specifically for use with refugees, especially Cambodian students. We have also included a selected list of background materials on Cambodian history, culture, values , social organization, literature and arts . These references should be of interest to educators, refugee service workers, and community organizations assisting thispopulation with basic life skills, problems of adapting to American society, and striving to become more self-reliant. Adult educators and ESL instructors will also find a selection of materials related to enhancing refugee bilingual learning, methods for improving basic language skills, and strategies for developing more effective study programs for adult students. Finally, this guide should also be of interest to Asian Studies students who are interested in improving their understanding of the richness and diversity of Cambodian culture and society.
Unpaired Weyl nodes from Long-Ranged Interactions: Fate of Quantum Anomalies
Creators: name: Meng, Tobias
name: Budich, Jan Carl
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effect of long-ranged interactions on Weyl semimetals. Such interactions can give rise to unpaired Weyl nodes, which we demonstrate by explicitly constructing a system with just a single node - a situation that is fundamentally forbidden by fermion doubling in non-interacting band structures. Adding a magnetic field, we investigate the fate of the chiral anomaly. Remarkably, as long as a system exhibits a single Weyl node in the absence of magnetic fields, arbitrarily weak fields qualitatively restore the lowest Landau level structure of a non-interacting Weyl semimetal. This underlines the universality of the chiral anomaly in the context of Weyl semimetals. We furthermore demonstrate how the topologically protected Fermi-arc surface states are modified by long-ranged interactions.
description: Supplemental Material available as an ancillary file
title: Historical DNA Library Preparation (Santa Cruz Reaction)
Creators: name: Paul, Alyssa
name: Gustave, Carla
name: Powell, Owain
name: Price, Ben
Publisher: name: WorkflowHub
Year: 2025

description: This workflow uses a slightly modified version of the Santa Cruz Reaction (SCR) protocol by Kapp et al. 2021 for library building of museum specimens. The reaction volumes can be halved to reduce reagent costs, lower volumes have not been tested yet. Please cite the original publication if using this method: https://doi.org/10.1093/jhered/esab012
Channel Estimation for Stacked Intelligent Metasurface-Assisted Wireless Networks
Creators: name: Yao, Xianghao
name: An, Jiancheng
name: Gan, Lu
name: Di Renzo, Marco
name: Yuen, Chau
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Emerging technologies, such as holographic multiple-input multiple-output (HMIMO) and stacked intelligent metasurface (SIM), are driving the development of wireless communication systems. Specifically, the SIM is physically constructed by stacking multiple layers of metasurfaces and has an architecture similar to an artificial neural network (ANN), which can flexibly manipulate the electromagnetic waves that propagate through it at the speed of light. This architecture enables the SIM to achieve HMIMO precoding and combining in the wave domain, thus significantly reducing the hardware cost and energy consumption. In this letter, we investigate the channel estimation problem in SIM-assisted multi-user HMIMO communication systems. Since the number of antennas at the base station (BS) is much smaller than the number of meta-atoms per layer of the SIM, it is challenging to acquire the channel state information (CSI) in SIM-assisted multi-user systems. To address this issue, we collect multiple copies of the uplink pilot signals that propagate through the SIM. Furthermore, we leverage the array geometry to identify the subspace that spans arbitrary spatial correlation matrices. Based on partial CSI about the channel statistics, a pair of subspace-based channel estimators are proposed. Additionally, we compute the mean square error (MSE) of the proposed channel estimators and optimize the phase shifts of the SIM to minimize the MSE. Numerical results are illustrated to analyze the effectiveness of the proposed channel estimation schemes.
description: 13 pages, 3 figures, accepted by IEEE WCL
title: The (Un)Demand for Money in Canada
Creators: name: Dunbar, Geoffrey
name: Jones, Casey
Publisher: name: Bank of Canada
Year: 2018

description: A novel dataset from the Bank of Canada is used to estimate the deposit functions for banknotes in Canada for three denominations: $1,000, $100 and $50. The broad flavour of the empirical findings is that denominations are different monies, and the structural estimates identify the underlying sources of the non-neutrality. There is evidence of large and significant deposit costs for the highest-value denomination, the $1,000 banknote, but insignificant costs for the $100 and $50 denominations. The results imply that the interest rate elasticity of deposit is positive for the $1,000 but negative for the $100 and the $50. Third, 5 percent of the $1,000, 30 percent of the $100 and 22 percent of the $50 banknotes ever issued by the Bank of Canada do not circulate through financial institutions (in Canada). Finally, we find evidence that the Lehman Brothers crisis increased the deposit probability by a factor of 2–3 for the $1,000 banknote for a majority of the population in Canada.
description: Nous utilisons un nouvel ensemble de données de la Banque du Canada pour estimer la probabilité que les billets de 1 000 $, de 100 $ et de 50 $ soient déposés auprès d’une institution financière au Canada. Il ressort des résultats empiriques que les diverses coupures sont utilisées comme des instruments différents, et des estimations structurelles permettent d’établir les facteurs sous-jacents qui expliquent cette absence de neutralité. Des éléments donnent à penser que les coûts liés au dépôt de la plus grosse coupure, le billet de 1 000 $, sont importants, mais qu’ils sont négligeables pour les coupures de 100 $ et de 50 $. Les résultats indiquent que l’élasticité des dépôts par rapport au taux d’intérêt est positive pour la coupure de 1 000 $ mais négative pour la coupure de 100 $ et de 50 $. Par ailleurs, 5 % des billets de 1 000 $, 30 % des billets de 100 $ et 22 % des billets de 50 $ émis par la Banque du Canada ne circulent pas par l’entremise des institutions financières (au Canada). Enfin, nous constatons que, depuis la faillite de Lehman Brothers, la probabilité de dépôt des billets de 1 000 $ est devenue de deux à
trois fois plus élevée pour la majorité de la population canadienne.
Vector field controlled vortex lattice symmetry in LiFeAs
Creators: name: Zhang, Songtian S.
name: Yin, Jia-Xin
name: Dai, Guangyang
name: Zheng, Hao
name: Chang, Guoqing
name: Belopolski, Ilya
name: Wang, Xiancheng
name: Lin, Hsin
name: Wang, Ziqiang
name: Jin, Changqing
name: Hasan, M. Zahid
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We utilize a combination of vector magnetic field and scanning tunneling microscopy to elucidate the 3D field-based electronic phase diagram of a correlated iron-based superconductor, LiFeAs. We observe, under a zero-field-cooled method, an ordered hexagonal vortex lattice ground-state in contrast to the disordered lattice observed under a field-cooled method. It transforms into a four-fold-symmetric state by increasing c-axis field and distorts elliptically upon tilting the field in-plane. The vortex lattice transformations correlate with the field dependent superconducting gap that characterizes the Cooper pairing strength. The anisotropy of the vortex lattice agrees with the field enhanced Bogoliubov quasiparticle scattering channel that is determined by the pairing symmetry with respect to its Fermi surface structure. Our systematic tuning of the vortex lattice symmetry and study of its correlation with Cooper pairing demonstrates the many-body interplay between the superconducting order parameter and emergent vortex matter.
On endomorphism algebras of separable monoidal functors
Creators: name: Day, Brian
name: Pastro, Craig
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We show that the (co)endomorphism algebra of a sufficiently separable "fibre" functor into Vect_k, for k a field of characteristic 0, has the structure of what we call a "unital" von Neumann core in Vect_k. For Vect_k, this particular notion of algebra is weaker than that of a Hopf algebra, although the corresponding concept in Set is again that of a group.
description: 17 pages
title: The Political Impact of Immigration: Evidence from the United States
Creators: name: ayda, Anna Maria M
name: Peri, Giovanni
name: Steingress, Walter
Publisher: name: Bank of Canada
Year: 2018

description: In this paper we study the impact of immigration to the United States on the vote for the Republican Party by analyzing county-level data on election outcomes between 1990 and 2010. Our main contribution is to separate the effect of high-skilled and low-skilled immigrants, by exploiting the different geography and timing of the inflows of these two groups of immigrants. We find that an increase in the first type of immigrants decreases the share of the Republican vote, while an inflow of the second type increases it. These effects are mainly due to the local impact of immigrants on votes of U.S. citizens and they seem independent of the country of origin of immigrants. We also find that the pro-Republican impact of low-skilled immigrants is stronger in low-skilled and non-urban counties. This is consistent with citizens' political preferences shifting towards the Republican Party in places where low-skilled immigrants are more likely to be perceived as competition in the labor market and for public resources.
description: Nous étudions l’incidence de l’immigration aux États-Unis sur les votes en faveur du Parti républicain. Pour ce faire, nous analysons des données par comté sur les résultats des élections pour la période de 1990 à 2010. Notre principal apport consiste à isoler l’effet des immigrants peu qualifiés et des immigrants hautement qualifiés sur l’orientation du vote, en nous appuyant sur la répartition géographique de ces deux groupes et le moment de leur arrivée. Nous constatons qu’une hausse de l’afflux migratoire de travailleurs hautement qualifiés abaisse la proportion d’électeurs qui votent pour les républicains, tandis qu’une hausse de l’afflux migratoire de travailleurs peu qualifiés l’augmente. Ces effets semblent indépendants du pays d’origine des immigrants et s’expliquent surtout par l’incidence locale de ces derniers sur les votes des citoyens américains. Par ailleurs, nous constatons que l’incidence pro-républicaine de l’afflux d’immigrants peu qualifiés est plus forte dans les comtés non urbains ainsi que dans les comtés où la population locale est peu qualifiée. Ce résultat sous-entend que les préférences politiques des citoyens se réorientent vers le Parti républicain dans les comtés où les citoyens perçoivent les immigrants peu qualifiés comme une source de concurrence sur le marché du travail et pour l’accès aux biens publics.
Approximating Maximum Leaf Spanning Trees in Almost Linear Time
Creators: name: Hsueh-I  Lu
name: Ramamoorthi Ravi
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 1974
Subjects: subject: 150399 Business and Management not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Given an undirected graph, finding a spanning tree of the graph with the maximum number of leaves is MAX SNP-complete. In this paper we give a new greedy 3-approximation algorithm for maximum leaf spanning trees. The running time O((m + n)α(m, n)) required by our algorithm, where m is the number of edges and n is the number of nodes, is almost linear in the size of the graph. We also demonstrate that our analysis of the performance of the greedy algorithm is tight via an example.
"ECONOMIC MECHANISM FOR IMPLEMENTING MODERN AGROTECHNOLOGY IN COTTON FARMING AND ENSURING ECOLOGICAL BALANCE"
Creators: name: Ishniyazov, Zokhid
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: In the cotton industry, increasing the volume of production and improving its quality are largely dependent on the characteristics of cotton varieties. Quality agronomic practices carried out in cotton fields and the yield indicators determined by the genetic potential of cotton varieties manifest themselves through these measures. Any newly created variety, which has relatively high agricultural and economic indicators, will only fully realize its potential when proper agronomic practices and effective agrotechnologies are implemented.
Generalized thermodynamics of Motility-Induced Phase Separation: Phase equilibria, Laplace pressure, and change of ensembles
Creators: name: Solon, Alexandre P.
name: Stenhammar, Joakim
name: Cates, Michael E.
name: Kafri, Yariv
name: Tailleur, Julien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motility-induced phase separation (MIPS) leads to cohesive active matter in the absence of cohesive forces. We present, extend and illustrate a recent generalized thermodynamic formalism which accounts for its binodal curve. Using this formalism, we identify both a generalized surface tension, that controls finite-size corrections to coexisting densities, and generalized forces, that can be used to construct new thermodynamic ensembles. Our framework is based on a nonequilibrium generalization of the Cahn-Hilliard equation and we discuss its application to active particles interacting either via quorum-sensing interactions or directly through pairwise forces.
description: 33 pages, 14 figures
Coplanar k-unduloids are nondegenerate
Creators: name: Grosse-Brauckmann, Karsten
name: Korevaar, Nicholas J.
name: Kusner, Robert B.
name: Ratzkin, Jesse
name: Sullivan, John M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53A10 (Primary) 58D10, 53C42 (Secondary)

description: We prove each embedded, constant mean curvature (CMC) surface in Euclidean space with genus zero and finitely many coplanar ends is nondegenerate: there is no nontrivial square-integrable solution to the Jacobi equation, the linearization of the CMC condition. This implies that the moduli space of such coplanar surfaces is a real-analytic manifold and that a neighborhood of these in the full CMC moduli space is itself a manifold. Nondegeneracy further implies (infinitesimal and local) rigidity in the sense that the asymptotes map is an analytic immersion on these spaces, and also that the coplanar classifying map is an analytic diffeomorphism.
description: 19 pages, no figures; improvements to exposition
title: Housing Price Network Effects from Public Transit Investment: Evidence from Vancouver
Creators: name: Chernoff, Alex
name: Craig, Andrea
Publisher: name: Bank of Canada
Year: 2018

description: In this paper, we estimate the effect on housing prices of the expansion of the Vancouver SkyTrain rapid transit network during the period 2001–11. We extend the canonical residential sorting equilibrium framework to include commuting time in the household utility function. We estimate household preferences in the sorting model using confidential micro data and geographic information systems (GIS) data on the SkyTrain network. Using these preference estimates and observed data for 2001, we simulate the equilibrium effects of expanding the SkyTrain. In our counterfactual analysis, the SkyTrain expansion increases housing prices not only in neighborhoods where the expansion occurred, but also in those with access to pre-existing segments of the network. We show how these network housing price effects depend on household commuting patterns, and discuss the implications of our results for targeted taxation policies designed to capture the housing price appreciation stemming from a public transit investment.
description: Dans cette étude, nous analysons l’incidence qu’a eue sur les prix des logements l’extension de SkyTrain (le réseau de transport en commun rapide de Vancouver), qui a eu lieu entre 2001 et 2011. À cet effet, nous enrichissons le modèle standard d’analyse de la répartition résidentielle de façon à intégrer le temps de trajet dans la fonction d’utilité des ménages. Nous estimons ensuite les préférences des ménages dans le modèle de répartition à l’aide de microdonnées confidentielles et de données de systèmes d’information géographique sur le réseau SkyTrain. À partir de ces estimations et de données observées remontant à 2001, nous simulons enfin les effets d’équilibre produits par l’extension du réseau SkyTrain. Notre analyse contrefactuelle indique que l’extension de SkyTrain a engendré un renchérissement des logements non seulement dans les quartiers touchés par ce prolongement, mais également dans ceux desservis par des lignes préexistantes du réseau. Nous montrons que les effets de réseau générés sur les prix des logements dépendent des habitudes de déplacement des ménages et nous abordons les implications de nos résultats pour des politiques fiscales ciblées qui viseraient à tirer profit de l’appréciation du prix des logements découlant d’investissements dans les transports en commun.
A Performance Analysis of Basin Hopping Compared to Established Metaheuristics for Global Optimization
Creators: name: Baioletti, Marco
name: Santucci, Valentino
name: Tomassini, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Performance (cs.PF)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: G.4

description: During the last decades many metaheuristics for global numerical optimization have been proposed. Among them, Basin Hopping is very simple and straightforward to implement, although rarely used outside its original Physical Chemistry community. In this work, our aim is to compare Basin Hopping, and two population variants of it, with readily available implementations of the well known metaheuristics Differential Evolution, Particle Swarm Optimization, and Covariance Matrix Adaptation Evolution Strategy. We perform numerical experiments using the IOH profiler environment with the BBOB test function set and two difficult real-world problems. The experiments were carried out in two different but complementary ways: by measuring the performance under a fixed budget of function evaluations and by considering a fixed target value. The general conclusion is that Basin Hopping and its newly introduced population variant are almost as good as Covariance Matrix Adaptation on the synthetic benchmark functions and better than it on the two hard cluster energy minimization problems. Thus, the proposed analyses show that Basin Hopping can be considered a good candidate for global numerical optimization problems along with the more established metaheuristics, especially if one wants to obtain quick and reliable results on an unknown problem.
description: 32 pages, 7 figures
Magnetoplasmons excitations in graphene for filling factors $ν\leq 6$
Creators: name: Bychkov, Yu. A.
name: Martinez, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the frame of the Hartree-Fock approximation, the dispersion of magnetoplasmons in Graphene is derived for all types of transitions for filling factors $ν\leq 6$. The optical conductivity components of the magnetoplasmon curves are calculated. It is shown that the electron-electron interactions lead to a strong re-normalization of the apparent Fermi velocity of Graphene which is different for different types of transitions.
description: 15 pages, 7 figures
The Sicilian shorelines as a model of the spread of two alien portunid crabs, Callinectes sapidus (Rathbun, 1896) and Portunus segnis (Forskål, 1775), in the three biogeographical sectors of the Mediterranean Sea
Creators: name: Gaglioti, Martina
name: Stancanelli, Bessy
name: Martino, Vincenzo Di
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 50103 Invasive Species Ecology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: In the present study, using as a study model the spread of the two alien crabs Callinectes sapidus and Portunus segnisalong the Sicily coasts, we provide an overview of their colonization in the marine and transitional environments of the different biogeographical regions of the Mediterranean basin.In addition, this manuscript contains information, updated to the date of publication, on the distribution of these two species of alien crabs along the coasts of Sicily and its islands. The data reported derives in the main part from citizen scientists’ contributions (underwater fishermen and amateur bathers mainly) and partly have been obtained from literature data and personal observations of the authors. The use of a participative approach allowed use to enlarge our dataset giving us the opportunity to have an insight on a larger spatial scale. Indeed, considering the entire Sicily coastline, for an overall area of around 1000 km including the main island and the surrounding islets and archipelagos, we can attempt some considerations and comparison based also on some biogeographic characteristics distinguishing the different sectors of the investigated area. Furthermore, where applicable, we provide some quantitative data on the populations of the two examined species.
Degree distributions of bipartite networks and their projections
Creators: name: Filho, Demival Vasques
name: O'Neale, Dion R. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Bipartite (two-mode) networks are important in the analysis of social and economic systems as they explicitly show conceptual links between different types of entities. However, applications of such networks often work with a projected (one-mode) version of the original bipartite network. The topology of the projected network, and the dynamics that take place on it, are highly dependent on the degree distributions of the two different node types from the original bipartite structure. To date, the interaction between the degree distributions of bipartite networks and their one-mode projections is well understood for only a few cases, or for networks that satisfy a restrictive set of assumptions. Here we show a broader analysis in order to fill the gap left by previous studies. We use the formalism of generating functions to prove that the degree distributions of both node types in the original bipartite network affect the degree distribution in the projected version. To support our analysis, we simulate several types of synthetic bipartite networks using a configuration model where node degrees are assigned from specific probability distributions, ranging from peaked to heavy-tailed distributions. Our findings show that when projecting a bipartite network onto a particular set of nodes, the degree distribution for the resulting one-mode network follows the distribution of the nodes being projected on to, but only so long as the degree distribution for the opposite set of nodes does not have a heavier tail. Furthermore, we show that bipartite degree distributions are not the only feature driving topology formation of projected networks, in contrast to what is commonly described in the literature.
description: 14 pages, 5 figures, 3 tables