cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Computational drug target screening through protein interaction profiles
Creators: name: Vilar, Santiago
name: Quezada, Elias
name: Uriarte, Eugenio
name: Costanzi, Stefano
name: Borges, Fernando
name: Vina, Dolores
name: Hripcsak, George
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: The development of computational methods to discover novel drug-target interactions on a large scale is of great interest. We propose a new method for virtual screening based on protein interaction profile similarity to discover new targets for molecules, including existing drugs. We calculated Target Interaction Profile Fingerprints (TIPFs) based on ChEMBL database to evaluate drug similarity and generated new putative compound-target candidates from the non-intersecting targets in each pair of compounds. A set of drugs was further studied in monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) and cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) enzyme through molecular docking and experimental assays. The drug ethoxzolamide and the natural compound piperlongumine, present in Piper longum L, showed hMAO-B activity with IC50 values of 25 and 65 μM respectively. Five candidates, including lapatinib, SB-202190, RO-316233, GW786460X and indirubin-3′-monoxime were tested against human COX-1. Compounds SB-202190 and RO-316233 showed a IC50 in hCOX-1 of 24 and 25 μM respectively (similar range as potent inhibitors such as diclofenac and indomethacin in the same experimental conditions). Lapatinib and indirubin- 3′-monoxime showed moderate hCOX-1 activity (19.5% and 28% of enzyme inhibition at 25 μM respectively). Our modeling constitutes a multi-target predictor for large scale virtual screening with potential in lead discovery, repositioning and drug safety.
Predicting the speed of epidemics spreading on networks
Creators: name: Moore, Sam
name: Rogers, Tim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Global transport and communication networks enable information, ideas and infectious diseases now to spread at speeds far beyond what has historically been possible. To effectively monitor, design, or intervene in such epidemic-like processes, there is a need to predict the speed of a particular contagion in a particular network, and to distinguish between nodes that are more likely to become infected sooner or later during an outbreak. Here, we study these quantities using a message-passing approach to derive simple and effective predictions which are validated against epidemic simulations on a variety of real-world networks with good agreement. In addition to individualized predictions for different nodes, we find an overall sudden transition from low density to almost full network saturation as the contagion develops in time. Our theory is developed and explained in the setting of simple contagions on tree-like networks, but we are also able to show how the method extends remarkably well to complex contagions and highly clustered networks.
Target Mass Effects in Polarized Virtual Photon Structure Functions
Creators: name: Baba, Hideshi
name: Sasaki, Ken
name: Uematsu, Tsuneo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study target mass effects in the polarized virtual photon structure functions $g_1^γ(x,Q^2,P^2)$, $g_2^γ(x,Q^2,P^2)$ in the kinematic region $Λ^2\ll P^2 \ll Q^2$, where $-Q^2 (-P^2)$ is the mass squared of the probe (target) photon. We obtain the expressions for $g_1^γ(x,Q^2,P^2)$ and $g_2^γ(x,Q^2,P^2)$ in closed form by inverting the Nachtmann moments for the twist-2 and twist-3 operators. Numerical analysis shows that target mass effects appear at large $x$ and become sizable near $x_{\rm max}(=1/(1+\frac{P^2}{Q^2}))$, the maximal value of $x$, as the ratio $P^2/Q^2$ increases. Target mass effects for the sum rules of $g_1^γ$ and $g_2^γ$ are also discussed.
description: 24 pages, LaTeX, 9 eps figures
title: 01_1664
Creators: name: Wesley Baldwin, John
name: Baldwin, John W.
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: L'ensemble de ces notes ont été crée par John Baldwin lors d'une de ses premières périodes de résidence à Paris. Ces documents comprennent tous les magistri qu’il avait pu rencontrer dans ses sources. Aux XIIème et XIIIème siècles, les universités n'existant pas encore, le titre de magister s'il évoque certainement une compétence n'est pas rattaché de façon systématique au passage par les écoles. De surcroît, les magistris sont le plus souvent désignés par leur seul prénom. La lecture de ces données est donc difficile et suppose un long travail pour tenter d'identifier un individu auquel on pourrait rattacher plusieurs mentions. John Baldwin avait donc renoncé à utiliser ces données pour donner un prolongement à sa magnifique étude sur les gradués d'université et leur emploi par les Capétiens et les Plantagenêts. Néanmoins, il a conservé ces données et elles sont potentiellement très utile dans le cadre de Studium, comme le sont toutes les mentions dans les volumes des Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae de chanoines portant ce titre de magister sans autres précisions. L'ampleur des dépouillements rend ces données très utiles et nous devons une grande reconnaissance à John Baldwin pour avoir pris la peine de faire photocopier ses fiches et de nous les avoir transmises amicalement.
Les données ainsi que les images des fiches sont accessibles sur le site Internet à l'adresse suivante : http://studium-baldwin.lamop.fr/.
Les transcriptions des fiches ont été effectuées par des étudiants de Paris 1 Panthéon - Sorbonne mais elles n'ont pas été corrigées par la suite.
description: Relation: https://lamop.hypotheses.org/
Computational drug target screening through protein interaction profiles
Creators: name: Vilar, Santiago
name: Quezada, Elias
name: Uriarte, Eugenio
name: Costanzi, Stefano
name: Borges, Fernando
name: Vina, Dolores
name: Hripcsak, George
Publisher: name: Nature
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 32
subject: Biomedical and clinical sciences
classificationCode: 34
subject: Chemical sciences
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: The development of computational methods to discover novel drug-target interactions on a large scale is of great interest. We propose a new method for virtual screening based on protein interaction profile similarity to discover new targets for molecules, including existing drugs. We calculated Target Interaction Profile Fingerprints (TIPFs) based on ChEMBL database to evaluate drug similarity and generated new putative compound-target candidates from the non-intersecting targets in each pair of compounds. A set of drugs was further studied in monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) and cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) enzyme through molecular docking and experimental assays. The drug ethoxzolamide and the natural compound piperlongumine, present in Piper longum L, showed hMAO-B activity with IC50 values of 25 and 65 μM respectively. Five candidates, including lapatinib, SB-202190, RO-316233, GW786460X and indirubin-3′-monoxime were tested against human COX-1. Compounds SB-202190 and RO-316233 showed a IC50 in hCOX-1 of 24 and 25 μM respectively (similar range as potent inhibitors such as diclofenac and indomethacin in the same experimental conditions). Lapatinib and indirubin- 3′-monoxime showed moderate hCOX-1 activity (19.5% and 28% of enzyme inhibition at 25 μM respectively). Our modeling constitutes a multi-target predictor for large scale virtual screening with potential in lead discovery, repositioning and drug safety.
Vit, M. and Kemeny, G. 2020. Push backs and diminishing standards of EU law within Frontex. Heinrich Böll Stiftung
Creators: name: Kemeny, Gabor
name: Michael, Vít
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 160303 Migration
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Recent events from EU border, namely Greek – Turkish border show significant limits in protecting EU external border five years after emerging of migration crisis of 2015 and 2016. As discussed by many experts, such as Sergio Carrera, divergence between rule of law set by EU and Council of Europe enforced by EU institutions and agencies, and security measures introduced and implemented by EU member states.
title: Environmental impacts of renewable energy
Creators: name: Clarke, Alexander David
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2012

description: This PhD study addresses the question of whether the environmental impact of renewable energy sources is related to the power flux density. The object was to examine whether there are some general rules concerning the environmental impact from renewable energy sources, and whether a common factor could be the power flux density, of unit kW/m2 as an underlying principle. The background and nature of the study are described with definitions of key concepts. The role of energy in the environment, powering the natural world and having a set of functions, are explained. The need for a general theory and the rationale is considered for eight primary renewable energy sources. The literature on environmental impact from these sources is reviewed. The theory and the hypothesis are explained with questions raised. A test devised to explore the relevant interactions (sediment transport and land use) is outlined, using data from a selection of well known hydro electric power developments. The 'Stream Power' concept and a variety of parameters were used for identifying losses of energy and power to a river's natural processes, resulting from impoundment dams. The test was carried out on the reservoir reach and the river downstream. It is concluded from applying the hypothesis to hydro electric power, that the environmental impact may indeed be related to the power flux density, for the two main impact parameters investigated, land use and sediment transport, though this is not conclusively statistically confirmed due to the small sample size. The hypothesis is extended in the Appendix to the other water based renewable energy sources, tidal barrage, marine current, and wave power, and to the lower energy flux density sources such as wind, solar and biomass. It is concluded tentatively that there is a qualitative argument that the environmental impact of all renewable energy sources may be related to power flux density, in terms of both land use and some functions in nature of the energy flow.
Quantum logic gates using Stark shifted Raman transitions in a cavity
Creators: name: Biswas, Asoka
name: Agarwal, G. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a scheme to realise the basic two-quibit logic gates such as quantum phase gate and controlle-NOT gate using a detuned optical cavity interacting with a three-level Raman system. We discuss the role of Stark shifts which are as important as the terms leading to two-photon transition. The operation of the proposed logic gates involves metastable states of the atom and hence is not affected by spontaneous emission. These ideas can be extended to produce multiparticle entanglement.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure, RevTeX4, Text is modified
The sustainability of the UBC Food System : Collaborative Project II
Creators: name: Forbes, Chad
name: Smith, Kerry
name: Wong, Tony
name: Jones, Lara
name: Quan, Vincent
name: Lu, Leslie
name: Cant, Meghann
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: With regards to sustainability, the UBC Food System is suspected by some as being in a state of crisis. In response, the Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, UBC Campus Sustainability Office, UBC SEEDS program, AMS Food and Beverage Department, and UBC Food Services are collaborating to bring about change. However, before any changes can be suggested and implemented, some indication must be given of the severity of this crisis. To this end, we have been assigned the task of developing a model to assess the sustainability of the System. We begin by providing a definition of the problem and outlining how our value assumptions influence this definition. We also define sustainability. Then we conceptualize what is meant by a sustainable and an unsustainable System and describe the continuum between the two. We provide a map of the System that identifies its boundaries, components, interactions, goals, and linkages to local, regional, national, and global food systems. We then propose three significant indicators to measure the sustainability of the System and describe them in detail. For an ecological indicator, we recommend the food mileage of produce at UBC. We suggest awareness of nutritious foods among students, staff, faculty, and residents at UBC as a social indicator. The cost of nutritious food on campus is presented as an economic indicator. Finally, using all of this information, we create and explain a “Sustainability Master Metre” on which the sustainability of the UBC Food System can be measured and the severity of the crisis evaluated. Disclaimer: “UBC SEEDS provides students with the opportunity to share the findings of their studies, as well as their opinions, conclusions and recommendations with the UBC community. The reader should bear in mind that this is a student project/report and is not an official document of UBC. Furthermore readers should bear in mind that these reports may not reflect the current status of activities at UBC. We urge you to contact the research persons mentioned in a report or the SEEDS Coordinator about the current status of the subject matter of a project/report.”
Active Galactic Nuclei in polarized light
Creators: name: Shablovinskaya, Elena
name: Afanasiev, Viktor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Due to the compactness active galactic nuclei (AGNs) are still unresolved with optical observations. However, structure and physical conditions of the matter in their central parts are especially important to study the processes of the matter accretion to supermassive black holes and eventually these investigations are essential to understand the galaxy evolution. Polarization contains information about the interaction of electromagnetic waves with the environment and provides information about the physical processes in the central regions of the AGNs that could not be found with the help of other optical observations. In this paper, the importance of applying polarimetry methods to the study of geometry, kinematics, and physical processes in active galactic nuclei (AGN) in polarized light is discussed. An overview of the mechanisms of polarization formation, their connection with different structures and scales are provided. Also, we overview the polarimetric investigations based on different assumptions that are done using the observations conducted in Special Astrophysical Observatory of the Russian Academy of Sciences.
description: Proceeding to the XII SCSLSA; published in Open Astronomy
Inferring genetic interactions from comparative fitness data
Creators: name: Crona, Kristina
name: Gavryushkin, Alex
name: Greene, Devin
name: Beerenwinkel, Niko
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Darwinian fitness is a central concept in evolutionary biology. In practice, however, it is hardly possible to measure fitness for all genotypes in a natural population. Here, we present quantitative tools to make inferences about epistatic gene interactions when the fitness landscape is only incompletely determined due to imprecise measurements or missing observations. We demonstrate that genetic interactions can often be inferred from fitness rank orders, where all genotypes are ordered according to fitness, and even from partial fitness orders. We provide a complete characterization of rank orders that imply higher order epistasis. Our theory applies to all common types of gene interactions and facilitates comprehensive investigations of diverse genetic interactions. We analyzed various genetic systems comprising HIV-1, the malaria-causing parasite Plasmodium vivax, the fungus Aspergillus niger, and the TEM-family of b-lactamase associated with antibiotic resistance. For all systems, our approach revealed higher order interactions among mutations.
Social entrepreneurship as an instrument of development of small and medium entrepreneurship in Ukraine
Creators: name: Britchenko, Igor
name: Lysiuk Oleksandra
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: 220102 Business Ethics
subject: 130203 Economics, Business and Management Curriculum and Pedagogy
subject: FOS: Educational sciences

description: The article describes the features of social entrepreneur development as a way of government regulation of labor market. Different ways of definition “social enterprise” are analyzed. During the research, the models of improvement and development about regulation of this activity in other countries were analyzed. Analyzing the modern models of social entrepreneurship in other countries demonstrates how it is popular and deals with the problems of unemployment and social safety. In the current situation in Ukraine this model of entrepreneurship is not so popular. For the changing situation we described and proposed the mechanism of development of social entrepreneurship. For the more active development of this entrepreneurship model we have proposed: to create, pass and apply the law about social entrepreneurship, which can measure the criteria for this type of activities and the law mechanism to support social entrepreneurship; to spread information about this type of activity through the informational channels; to develop and establish programs about professional education for people, who would like to work at the social entrepreneurship area. The characteristics of social entrepreneurship were compared, charitable organizations and traditional business. Features and criteria, which characterize the social entrepreneurship are described. Experience of developing social entrepreneurship in other countries and the benefits of involving labor force in Ukraine are compared. The methods used for research are comparing and analyzing. The main goal of social entrepreneurship is producing goods and services for solving social problems and searching the ways of improving the economic situation in Ukraine.
The impact of pregnancy on the pharmacokinetics of antidepressants: a systematic critical review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Schoretsanitis, Georgios
name: Spigset, Olav
name: Stingl, Julia C.
name: Deligiannidis, Kristina M.
name: Paulzen, Michael
name: Westin, Andreas A.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Introduction: Pregnancy-related physiological changes exert a crucial impact on the pharmacokinetics of antidepressants; however, the current evidence presents inconsistencies. A clearer understanding of pregnancy-related effects on antidepressant disposition may facilitate the development of guidelines for appropriate dose adjustments during the course of pregnancy based on therapeutic drug monitoring. Areas covered: We systematically reviewed studies comparing antidepressant levels in the same individuals during pregnant and non-pregnant states. Using dose-adjusted plasma concentration measurements, we estimated alteration ratios between the 3rd trimester and baseline (before or after pregnancy). Additionally, we performed a meta-analysis for changes in dose-adjusted concentrations to estimate mean differences. Expert opinion: Data for several antidepressants display clear alteration patterns during pregnancy. On the basis of the alteration ratios trimipramine, fluvoxamine, and nortriptyline show a prominent decrease in dose-adjusted levels, especially in the 3rd trimester. Clomipramine, imipramine, citalopram, and paroxetine show smaller decreases in dose-adjusted concentrations in the third trimester. For escitalopram, venlafaxine and fluoxetine, changes are considered negligible. For sertraline, there was a tendency toward increased dose-adjusted concentrations in pregnancy. Available evidence suffers from major limitations and factors affecting pharmacokinetics have been insufficiently addressed. Further research is required to promote knowledge on pregnancy effects on antidepressant pharmacokinetics.
Inferring genetic interactions from comparative fitness data
Creators: name: Crona, Kristina
name: Gavryushkin, Alex
name: Greene, Devin
name: Beerenwinkel, Niko
Publisher: name: American University (Washington, D.C.)
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 31
subject: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
classificationCode: 49
subject: Mathematical sciences

description: Darwinian fitness is a central concept in evolutionary biology. In practice, however, it is hardly possible to measure fitness for all genotypes in a natural population. Here, we present quantitative tools to make inferences about epistatic gene interactions when the fitness landscape is only incompletely determined due to imprecise measurements or missing observations. We demonstrate that genetic interactions can often be inferred from fitness rank orders, where all genotypes are ordered according to fitness, and even from partial fitness orders. We provide a complete characterization of rank orders that imply higher order epistasis. Our theory applies to all common types of gene interactions and facilitates comprehensive investigations of diverse genetic interactions. We analyzed various genetic systems comprising HIV-1, the malaria-causing parasite Plasmodium vivax, the fungus Aspergillus niger, and the TEM-family of b-lactamase associated with antibiotic resistance. For all systems, our approach revealed higher order interactions among mutations.
Renormalization of the EWCL and its Application to LEP2
Creators: name: Yan, Qi-Shu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform a systematic one-loop renormalization on the electroweak chiral Lagrangian (EWCL) up to $O(p^4)$ operators and construct the renormalization group equations (RGE) for the anomalous couplings. We examine the impact of the triple gauge coupling (TGC) measurement from LEP2 to the uncertainty of the $S-T$ parameter at the $Λ=1 TeV$, and find that the uncertainty in the TGC measurements can shift $S(Λ)$ at least $3.3 σ$.
description: 4 pages, 1 eps figure, uses ws-ijmpa.cls. Paralell talk given at "International Conference on QCD and hadronic Physics", Beijing, China, 16-20 June, 2005
Use of plants as dyes: A case study of the use of pre-mordanting method to dye cotton fabric with extracts from Allium burdickii
Creators: name: Karen, Desta Agulei
name: Josphat, Igadwa Mwasiagi
name: John, Thuo Githaiga
name: Charles, Nzila
name: Karen, Desta Agulei
name: Josphat, Igadwa Mwasiagi
name: John, Thuo Githaiga
name: Charles, Nzila
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Allium burdickii
subject: dyeing conditions
subject: mango bark
subject: pre-mordant

description: Some of the synthetic dyes and mordants are harmful to the environment. The aim of this research was to study the dyeing of cotton fabric using extracts from wild leek (Allium burdickii). The bark of mango tree was used as a mordant. The pre-mordanting method was used and four treatments were investigated with respect to exhaustion of the dye. These were: temperature, time, pH and concentration of mordant. Dye exhaustion for 27 experiments was investigated by comparing the relationship between the independent and dependent variables. The regression model obtained from the interactions was significant with an R2 value of 0.611. The effect of pH was insignificant while all the other three variables significantly influenced exhaustion of dye. The optimised conditions for temperature, time and concentration of mordant were: 600C, 90 minutes and 28.18% owf, respectively. The fabrics showed acceptable fastness properties ranging from 2/3-4/5 (fair to very good), 1.2-4 (slightly considerable to noticeable) and 4-5 (very good to excellent) for wash, perspiration and rubbing fastness, respectively.
Ecological Status of Teluk Cenderawasih National Park- 2016 Technical Report
Creators: name: Groff, Dulcinea V.
name: Ihsan, Evi Nural
name: Amkieltiela Amkieltiela
name: Harris, Jill
name: Gabby N. Ahmadia
name: Estradivari Estradivari
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 50206 Environmental Monitoring
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 50211 Wildlife and Habitat Management

description: Teluk Cenderawasih National Park (TCNP) is Indonesia’s second largest marine protected area (MPA), covering 1.4 million hectares (14,000 square kilometers) in the Bird’s Head Seascape. The purpose of this report is to support the zoning system review by providing information on the ecological condition of TCNP’s coral reefs in each zone. In 2011, WWF-Indonesia and partners conducted the first ecological monitoring of 28 sites across TCNP. The same 28 sites were monitored again in April 2016 by a collaborative, multi-agency team from WWF-Indonesia, BBTNTC, UNIPA, TNC, and CI. he team of experts collected data on benthic communities, fish abundance and fish size using mixed methods, including point intercept transect, undewater visual census and long swims.
An odd $[1,b]$-factor in regular graphs from eigenvalues
Creators: name: Kim, Sungeun
name: O, Suil
name: Park, Jihwan
name: Ree, Hyo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C50, 05C70

description: An odd $[1,b]$-factor of a graph $G$ is a spanning subgraph $H$ such that for each vertex $v \in V(G)$, $d_H(v)$ is odd and $1\le d_H(v) \le b$. Let $λ_3(G)$ be the third largest eigenvalue of the adjacency matrix of $G$. For positive integers $r \ge 3$ and even $n$, Lu, Wu, and Yang [10] proved a lower bound for $λ_3(G)$ in an $n$-vertex $r$-regular graph $G$ to gurantee the existence of an odd $[1,b]$-factor in $G$. In this paper, we improve the bound; it is sharp for every $r$.
description: 6 pages
Development of emission recovery multipurpose household backyard kiln for charcoal production
Creators: name: Ongora, Solomon
name: Mwanjalolo, Jackson Gilbert Majaliwa
name: Bagabo, Samuel Michael
name: Ongora, Solomon
name: Mwanjalolo, Jackson Gilbert Majaliwa
name: Bagabo, Samuel Michael
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Charcoal kiln
subject: energy saving technology
subject: emission reduction
subject: Uganda

description: An Emission Recovery Multipurpose Backyard Charcoal making kiln was designed and constructed at Kyambogo University in Uganda. The design has modifications made on the Traditional Earth kiln commonly used in Uganda and included four compartments namely a) the water circulating system for water heating and temperature regulation, b) the drier for reducing the moisture content of the Sun-dry wood, c) the condenser and the filter to remove the smoke volatiles, aerosols and tar, and d) the kiln chamber for charcoal making. The emission recovery kiln was tested for efficiency, energy distributions and liquid smoke yield. The experiment was conducted three times using eucalyptus tree wood biomass stacked in lots of 25, 30 and 35 kg in the carbonization chamber. The parameters measured and recorded at an hourly interval of time for the entire experiment runs were: temperature variations in the kiln carbonization, drier, chimney chambers and 100 L circulating water, and the corresponding charcoal weights and volumes of liquid smoke yields. Results showed that the efficiency of the emission recovery kiln reduced gradually with the wood biomass load. Also, the relative charcoal yield, energy distributions in various kiln parts, the experiment run time, water temperature, liquid smoke yield, carbonization, drier and chimney chamber temperature variations increased with the load. The kiln was operated at household backyard with an average temperature range of 300 - 500°C, and total efficiency range of 25.5 - 28.5 %. The emission recovery charcoal making kiln therefore, is appropriate for use as a research tool for production of charcoal with reduced air pollution.
Abschätzung des Schadpotentials von Hochwasser- und Extremwetterereignissen für landwirtschaft-liche Kulturen Claudia
Creators: name: Heidecke, Claudia
name: Offermann, Frank
name: Hauschild, Marlen
name: Heidecke, Claudia
name: Offermann, Frank
name: Hauschild, Marlen
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: Extreme Wetterereignisse
subject: Landwirtschaft
subject: Hochwasser
subject: Frost
subject: Dürre
subject: Trockenheit
subject: Hitze
subject: Ertragsverluste
subject: Deutschland

description: Kurzfassung Der folgende Bericht untersucht die ökonomischen Auswirkungen von Hochwasser auf die Landwirtschaft in Deutschland anhand von Hochwasserrisikogebieten sowie die Auswirkungen von extremen Dürre und Frostereignissen auf landwirtschaftliche Erträge von Weizen, Roggen, Gerste, Raps, Kartoffeln, Mais und Zuckerrüben. Damit baut der Bericht auf das Projekt „Agrarrelevante Extremwetterlagen und Möglichkeiten von Risikomanagementsystemen“ auf, welches vom Bundesministerium für Ernährung und Landwirtschaft (BMEL) beauftragt und gefördert wurde und 2015 abgeschlossen wurde (Gömann et al. 2015). Der Literaturüberblick über die zukünftige Entwicklung von Hochwasserereignissen zeigt überwiegend eine steigende Tendenz von Hochwasserereignissen in der Zukunft, wobei das Ausmaß des Anstiegs regional und zwischen den Studien unterschiedlich ist. Insgesamt konnte in den Analysen ein maximaler Erlösverlust von 394 Mio. € beim Ackerland (davon 189 Mio. € auf Getreideflächen) ermittelt werden, wenn im Jahr 2010 100 Prozent der HQ100-Fläche in Deutschland betroffen gewesen wären. Für die Abschätzung der monetären Schäden von weiteren Extremwetterereignissen wurde der in Gömann et al. (2015) verwendete Schätzansatz geringfügig weiterentwickelt. Bei Winterweizen stellen die Verluste aufgrund von Kahlfrostextremereignissen mit ca. 30 Mio. €/Jahr den wichtigsten der untersuchten Schäden dar. Auch Trockenheit/Dürre zu unterschiedlichen Zeiten des Vegetationsverlaufes sowie extreme Hitze in der Blütezeit führen zu deutlichen Schäden auf sektoraler Ebene. In der Summe lagen die berechneten Schäden aufgrund von Trockenheit/Dürre/Hitze bei ca. 40 Mio. €/Jahr. Alle untersuchten Extremereignisse zusammen summieren sich auf 78 Mio. €/Jahr auf. Die Situation bei Wintergerste stellt sich insgesamt recht ähnlich dar und die Kosten summieren sich zusammen auf 36 Mio. €/Jahr auf. Für Winterraps summieren sich alle untersuchten Extremereignisse auf 47 Mio. €/Jahr, für Körnermais auf ca. 12 Mio. €/Jahr auf. Bei Kartoffeln haben Schäden aufgrund von extremer Sommertrockenheit die größte Bedeutung für Betriebe ohne Bewässerung, gefolgt von Ertragsverlusten aufgrund von Spätfrösten und Staunässe. Für Zuckerrüben konnten Schäden nur das Ereignis ‚Extreme Sommertrockenheit‘ bestimmt werden. Diese belaufen sich auf ca. 7 Mio. €/Jahr.
Excited Baryon Decay Widths in Large N_c QCD
Creators: name: Cohen, Thomas D.
name: Dakin, Daniel C.
name: Lebed, Richard F.
name: Nellore, Abhinav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study excited baryon decay widths in large N_c QCD. It was suggested previously that some spin-flavor mixed-symmetric baryon states have strong couplings of O(N_c^{-1/2}) to nucleons [implying narrow widths of O(1/N_c)], as opposed to the generic expectation based on Witten's counting rules of an O(N_c^0) coupling. The calculation obtaining these narrow widths was performed in the context of a simple quark-shell model. This paper addresses the question of whether the existence of such narrow states is a general property of large N_c QCD. We show that a general large N_c QCD analysis does not predict such narrow states; rather they are a consequence of the extreme simplicity of the quark model.
description: 9 pages
Joint cosmological parameters forecast from CFHTLS-cosmic shear and CMB data
Creators: name: Tereno, I.
name: Doré, O.
name: van Waerbeke, L.
name: Mellier, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a prospective analysis of a combined cosmic shear and cosmic microwave background data set, focusing on a Canada France Hawaii Telescope Legacy Survey (CFHTLS) type lensing survey and the current WMAP-1 year and CBI data. We investigate the parameter degeneracies and error estimates of a seven parameters model, for the lensing alone as well as for the combined experiments. The analysis is performed using a Monte Carlo Markov Chain calculation, allowing for a more realistic estimate of errors and degeneracies than a Fisher matrix approach. After a detailed discussion of the relevant statistical techniques, the set of the most relevant 2 and 3-dimensional lensing contours are given. It is shown that the combined cosmic shear and CMB is particularly efficient to break some parameter degeneracies. The principal components directions are computed and it is found that the most orthogonal contours between the two experiments are for the parameter pairs (Omega_m,sigma_8), (h,ns) and (ns,nrun), where ns and nrun are the slope of the primordial mass power spectrum and the running spectral index respectively. It is shown that an improvement of a factor 2 is expected on the running spectral index from the combined data sets. Forecasts for error improvements from a wide field space telescope lensing survey are also given.
description: 16 pages, 11 figures. Submitted to Astronomy & Astrophysics
The UBC Food system : assessing sustainability
Creators: name: Sham, Josephine
name: Wijono, Theresia
name: Brocklesby, Chris
name: Lawseth, Andrea
name: Dunkley, Carla
name: Ngan, Amy
name: Hung, Shiu-Kay
name: J-Cactas Consulting
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: Our objective is to develop a research proposal for the assessment of UBC's food system sustainability. We designed a model of the UBC food system sustainability continuum, ranking inputs, wastes and the UBC farm from unsustainable to sustainable. In order to measure UBC's current food system, we adapted and created indicators for three focus areas of study. The focus was placed on ecological, economical and social sustainability. The implementation of these indicators will allow researchers to assess UBC's food system quantitatively and qualitatively in order to identify the progress to sustainability. Disclaimer: “UBC SEEDS provides students with the opportunity to share the findings of their studies, as well as their opinions, conclusions and recommendations with the UBC community. The reader should bear in mind that this is a student project/report and is not an official document of UBC. Furthermore readers should bear in mind that these reports may not reflect the current status of activities at UBC. We urge you to contact the research persons mentioned in a report or the SEEDS Coordinator about the current status of the subject matter of a project/report.”
Random walk and Pair-Annihilation Processes on Scale-Free Networks
Creators: name: Noh, Jae Dong
name: Kim, Sang-Woo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the dynamic scaling properties of stochastic particle systems on a non-deterministic scale-free network. It has been known that the dynamic scaling behavior depends on the degree distribution exponent of the underlying scale-free network. Our study shows that it also depends on the global structure of the underlying network. In random walks on the tree structure scale-free network, we find that the relaxation time follows a power-law scaling $τ\sim N$ with the network size $N$. And the random walker return probability decays algebraically with the decay exponent which varies from node to node. On the other hand, in random walks on the looped scale-free network, they do not show the power-law scaling. We also study a pair-annihilation process on the scale-free network with the tree and the looped structure, respectively. We find that the particle density decays algebraically in time both cases, but with the different exponent.
description: 6 pages
title: Exploring environmental innovation journeys: An ethnographic study in a firm from the UK food and farming sector
Creators: name: Langendahl, Per-Anders Axel
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2013

description: Environmental Innovation is seen as vital for sustainable futures. Knowledge about environmental innovation is sought in various contexts and recent thinking recognizes this as a process that unfolds in time and space. Environmental innovation journeys are therefore the subject of a growing literature. However, little is known about how environmental innovation journeys actually proceed in various contexts, how we might make sense of these and intervene to attain more sustainable futures. This thesis begins to address this gap in knowledge. It reports ethnographic research undertaken to explore an environmental innovation journey situated in a firm from the UK food and farming sector. Data were collected from multiple sources via multiple methods including participant observation and semi-structured interviews. This thesis shows that the environmental innovation journey is non-linear, involving temporary fixes and is reversible. This insight accords with recent constructivist accounts of environrnental innovation. Inspired by the work of John Law, these were drawn upon to make sense of the environmental innovation journey without compromising reality. Seen in this way, environmental innovation journeys involve developing, maintaining and deleting situated practices. This involves processes that are shaped by competing environmental discourses, which manifest in the firm as storylines and images of performances required of practices. Thus, the contribution of this thesis is to offer an approach to making sense of environmental innovation journeys, which may be used in other contexts and which can be adapted as appropriate by actors involved.
Recent results on charm from E831-FOCUS
Creators: name: Pedrini, Daniele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: E831-FOCUS is a photoproduction experiment which collected data during the 1996/1997 fixed target run at Fermilab. More than 1 million charm particles have been reconstructed. Using this sample we measure the lifetimes of all the weakly decaying singly charmed particles, establishing the charm lifetime hierachy. Then we present recent results on semileptonic decays of charm mesons, including the new s-wave inteference phenomena in D+ to K-pi+mu+nu, and high statistics branching ratio and form factor measurements.
description: Invited talk at the Workshop on the CKM Unitarity Triangle, IPPP Durham, April 2003 (eConf C0304052). 4 pages LaTeX, 2 eps figures
Simulation of Transport and Gain in Quantum Cascade Lasers
Creators: name: Wacker, A.
name: Lee, S. -C.
name: Pereira, M. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum cascade lasers can be modeled within a hierarchy of different approaches: Standard rate equations for the electron densities in the levels, semiclassical Boltzmann equation for the microscopic distribution functions, and quantum kinetics including the coherent evolution between the states. Here we present a quantum transport approach based on nonequilibrium Green functions. This allows for quantitative simulations of the transport and optical gain of the device. The division of the current density in two terms shows that semiclassical transitions are likely to dominate the transport for the prototype device of Sirtori et al. but not for a recent THz-laser with only a few layers per period. The many particle effects are extremely dependent on the design of the heterostructure, and for the case considered here, inclusion of electron-electron interaction at the Hartree Fock level, provides a sizable change in absorption but imparts only a minor shift of the gain peak.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures included, to appear in in "Advances in Solid State Physics", ed. by B. Kramer (Springer 2003)
Appropriate intellectual property protection and economic growth in countries at different levels of development
Creators: name: Kim, Kyoung Yee
name: Lee, Keun
name: Park, Walter
Publisher: name: American University (Washington, D.C.)
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 38
subject: Economics

description: This paper provides an empirical analysis of the extent to which stronger intellectual property rights (IPRs) influence economic growth, controlling for other factors. Patent protection is found to have differential effects on developed countries and developing countries. Patent rights have a positive influence on the incentive to innovate in developed countries but a statistically insignificant one in developing countries. However, a secondtier form of IPR – namely utility model patents (or petty patents) – does have a positive influence on developing country innovation and growth. Thus the results indicate that patent protection enhances innovation, and ultimately economic growth, in countries where the capacity to conduct innovative R&D exists. Where this capacity is weaker, a system of IPRs that protects minor, incremental inventions is more conducive to innovation, technological diffusion, and economic growth. The significance of this paper is to help shift the focus of the debate away from the strength of IPRs to the appropriate types of IPR for economic development.
Fingerprinting quantum emitters in hexagonal boron nitride using strain
Creators: name: Dev, Pratibha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two dimensional van der Waals crystals and their heterostructures provide an exciting alternative to bulk wide bandgap semiconductors as hosts of single photon emitters. Amongst different layered materials, bright and robust defect-based single photon emitters have been observed within hexagonal boron nitride, a layered wide-bandgap semiconductor. Despite research efforts to date, the identities of the deep defects responsible for quantum emissions in hexagonal boron nitride remain unknown. In this theoretical work, I demonstrate that the strain-induced changes in emission frequencies depend on: (i) the detailed nature of the defect states involved in the optical excitations, and (ii) the rich boron chemistry that results in complex interactions between boron atoms. As each defect shows a distinct response to the strain, it can be used not only to tune emission frequencies, but also to identify the quantum emitters in hexagonal boron nitride.
Non-Static Spherically Symmetric Perfect Fluid Solutions
Creators: name: Sharif, M.
name: Iqbal, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate solutions of Einstein field equations for the non-static spherically symmetric perfect fluid case using different equations of state. The properties of an exact spherically symmetric perfect fluid solutions are obtained which contain shear. We obtain three different solutions out of these one turns out to be an incoherent dust solution and the other two are stiff matter solutions.
Good's History and Trust in Electronic Commerce.pdf
Creators: name: Abbasi, Parvin
name: Bigham, Bahram Sadeghi
name: Sarencheh, Saeed
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Applied Computer Science
subject: 80299 Computation Theory and Mathematics not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Nowadays, number of products that are sold or bought through Internet by e-commerce websites such as eBay and Amazon are increasing rapidly. In other words, people prefer to buy or sell their requirements from Internet. The factors such trust, security and availability play important roles in these transactions. So, companies try to improve quality of factors to cause better feeling for customers. Researchers suggest different frameworks which can cover some of them and make people eager to use their websites for daily transactions. In this article a new factor is introduced that has an important role in online purchasing as abovefactors. It is history of goods. The ability of customers in pursuit the history of goods cause increases the trust and helps to decrease the resistance of buyer from sellers. This can implement as a canonical license and sellers can give this service for their own first hand and second hand goods. In this condition, customer can track the transactions have been happened on goods and make decision to buy it or not. In this article also, methods for those goods that are trades in tradition and digital ways are shown in the framework.
X-ray Preionisation Powered by Accretion on the First Black Holes. II: Cosmological Simulations and Observational Signatures
Creators: name: Ricotti, Massimo
name: Ostriker, Jeremiah P.
name: Gnedin, Nickolay Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use cosmological simulations to study the X-ray ionisation and heating of the intergalactic medium by an early population of accreting black holes. By considering observational constraints from the X-ray background, we find an upper limit for the optical depth to Thompson scattering tau_e~0.17. The redshifted soft X-ray background from these early sources produces:(i) fully ionised atomic hydrogen in the low density intergalactic medium before redshift z~7 (consequently stellar reionisation is characterised by an instantaneous overlap phase of HII regions),(ii) a second HeII reionisation at z~3 and (iii) heats the intergalactic medium to near 10000 K at low redshifts. The typical luminosity in the soft X-ray band of the galaxies hosting the black holes is about one order of magnitude below the sensitivity limit of the Chandra deep field. About a thousand of these sources may be present per square arcmin of the sky, producing detectable fluctuations. Few rarer objects could be luminous enough to be visible in the Chandra deep field. XEUS and Con-X satellites will be able to detect more of these sources that, if radio loud, could be used to study the 21cm forest in absorption.A signature of an early X-ray preionisation is the production of secondary CMB anisotropies on small angular scales. We find that in these models the power spectrum of temperature fluctuations increases with decreasing angular scale (dT~16 muK at 1arcsec scales), while for stellar reionisation scenarios the power decreases on smaller scales. We also show that the redshifted 21 cm radiation from neutral hydrogen can be marginally detected in emission at redshifts 7
description: 14 pages including 14 figures and 2 tables. Accepted for publication in MNRAS