Verbal Learning and Memory Deficits across Neurological and Neuropsychiatric Disorders: Insights from an ENIGMA Mega Analysis
Creators: name: Kennedy, Eamonn
name: Liebel, Spencer W.
name: Lindsey, Hannah M.
name: Vadlamani, Shashank
name: Lei, Pui-Wa
name: Adamson, Maheen M.
name: Alda, Martin
name: Alonso-Lana, Silvia
name: Anderson, Tim J.
name: Arango, Celso
name: Asarnow, Robert F.
name: Avram, Mihai
name: Ayesa-Arriola, Rosa
name: Babikian, Talin
name: Banaj, Nerisa
name: Bird, Laura J.
name: Borgwardt, Stefan
name: Brodtmann, Amy
name: Brosch, Katharina
name: Caeyenberghs, Karen
name: Calhoun, Vince D.
name: Chiaravalloti, Nancy D.
name: Cifu, David X.
name: Crespo-Facorro, Benedicto
name: Dalrymple-Alford, John C.
name: Dams-O’Connor, Kristen
name: Dannlowski, Udo
name: Darby, David
name: Davenport, Nicholas
name: DeLuca, John
name: Diaz-Caneja, Covadonga M.
name: Disner, Seth G.
name: Dobryakova, Ekaterina
name: Ehrlich, Stefan
name: Esopenko, Carrie
name: Ferrarelli, Fabio
name: Frank, Lea E.
name: Franz, Carol E.
name: Fuentes-Claramonte, Paola
name: Genova, Helen
name: Giza, Christopher C.
name: Goltermann, Janik
name: Grotegerd, Dominik
name: Gruber, Marius
name: Gutierrez-Zotes, Alfonso
name: Ha, Minji
name: Haavik, Jan
name: Hinkin, Charles
name: Hoskinson, Kristen R.
name: Hubl, Daniela
name: Irimia, Andrei
name: Jansen, Andreas
name: Kaess, Michael
name: Kang, Xiaojian
name: Kenney, Kimbra
name: Keřková, Barbora
name: Khlif, Mohamed Salah
name: Kim, Minah
name: Kindler, Jochen
name: Kircher, Tilo
name: Knížková, Karolina
name: Kolskår, Knut K.
name: Krch, Denise
name: Kremen, William S.
name: Kuhn, Taylor
name: Kumari, Veena
name: Kwon, Junsoo
name: Langella, Roberto
name: Laskowitz, Sarah
name: Lee, Jungha
name: Lengenfelder, Jean
name: Liou-Johnson, Victoria
name: Lippa, Sara M.
name: Løvstad, Marianne
name: Lundervold, Astri J.
name: Marotta, Cassandra
name: Marquardt, Craig A.
name: Mattos, Paulo
name: Mayeli, Ahmad
name: McDonald, Carrie R.
name: Meinert, Susanne
name: Melzer, Tracy R.
name: Merchán-Naranjo, Jessica
name: Michel, Chantal
name: Morey, Rajendra A.
name: Mwangi, Benson
name: Myall, Daniel J.
name: Nenadić, Igor
name: Newsome, Mary R.
name: Nunes, Abraham
name: O’Brien, Terence
name: Oertel, Viola
name: Ollinger, John
name: Olsen, Alexander
name: Ortiz García De La Foz, Victor
name: Ozmen, Mustafa
name: Pardoe, Heath
name: Parent, Marise
name: Piras, Fabrizio
name: Piras, Federica
name: Pomarol-Clotet, Edith
name: Repple, Jonathan
name: Richard, Geneviève
name: Rodriguez, Jonathan
name: Rodriguez, Mabel
name: Rootes-Murdy, Kelly
name: Rowland, Jared
name: Ryan, Nicholas P.
name: Salvador, Raymond
name: Sanders, Anne-Marthe
name: Schmidt, Andre
name: Soares, Jair C.
name: Spalleta, Gianfranco
name: Španiel, Filip
name: Sponheim, Scott R.
name: Stasenko, Alena
name: Stein, Frederike
name: Straube, Benjamin
name: Thames, April
name: Thomas-Odenthal, Florian
name: Thomopoulos, Sophia I.
name: Tone, Erin B.
name: Torres, Ivan
name: Troyanskaya, Maya
name: Turner, Jessica A.
name: Ulrichsen, Kristine M.
name: Umpierrez, Guillermo
name: Vecchio, Daniela
name: Vilella, Elisabet
name: Vivash, Lucy
name: Walker, William C.
name: Werden, Emilio
name: Westlye, Lars T.
name: Wild, Krista
name: Wroblewski, Adrian
name: Wu, Mon-Ju
name: Wylie, Glenn R.
name: Yatham, Lakshmi N.
name: Zunta-Soares, Giovana B.
name: Thompson, Paul M.
name: Pugh, Mary Jo
name: Tate, David F.
name: Hillary, Frank G.
name: Wilde, Elisabeth A.
name: Dennis, Emily L.
Publisher: name: Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Year: 2024

description: Deficits in memory performance have been linked to a wide range of neurological and neuropsychiatric conditions. While many studies have assessed the memory impacts of individual conditions, this study considers a broader perspective by evaluating how memory recall is differentially associated with nine common neuropsychiatric conditions using data drawn from 55 international studies, aggregating 15,883 unique participants aged 15–90. The effects of dementia, mild cognitive impairment, Parkinson’s disease, traumatic brain injury, stroke, depression, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), schizophrenia, and bipolar disorder on immediate, short-, and long-delay verbal learning and memory (VLM) scores were estimated relative to matched healthy individuals. Random forest models identified age, years of education, and site as important VLM covariates. A Bayesian harmonization approach was used to isolate and remove site effects. Regression estimated the adjusted association of each clinical group with VLM scores. Memory deficits were strongly associated with dementia and schizophrenia (p &lt; 0.001), while neither depression nor ADHD showed consistent associations with VLM scores (p &gt; 0.05). Differences associated with clinical conditions were larger for longer delayed recall duration items. By comparing VLM across clinical conditions, this study provides a foundation for enhanced diagnostic precision and offers new insights into disease management of comorbid disorders.