cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Model evaluation for glycolytic oscillations in yeast biotransformations of xenobiotics
Creators: name: Brusch, Lutz
name: Cuniberti, Gianaurelio
name: Bertau, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Anaerobic glycolysis in yeast perturbed by the reduction of xenobiotic ketones is studied numerically in two models which possess the same topology but different levels of complexity. By comparing both models' predictions for concentrations and fluxes as well as steady or oscillatory temporal behavior we answer the question what phenomena require what kind of minimum model abstraction. While mean concentrations and fluxes are predicted in agreement by both models we observe different domains of oscillatory behavior in parameter space. Generic properties of the glycolytic response to ketones are discussed.
Health effects of women’s empowerment in agriculture in Northern Ghana: different patterns by body mass index categories
Creators: name: Tsiboe, Francis
name: Zereyesus, Yacob A.
name: Popp, Jennie S.
name: Osei, Evelyn
name: Tsiboe, Francis
name: Zereyesus, Yacob A.
name: Popp, Jennie S.
name: Osei, Evelyn
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Public Economics
subject: agriculture
subject: empowerment
subject: women
subject: BMI
subject: health
subject: Ghana

description: The impact of women’s empowerment in agriculture on women\s health, indicated by their body mass index (BMI), is examined using an instrumental variable estimation approach on a sample of 4 267 women. This sample was drawn from both a 2012 and 2015 population-based survey conducted in Northern Ghana. Unlike previous studies, this study accounts for differences in health implications of the different BMI sub-samples (underweight, normal, overweight and obese). The results suggest that women with a high degree of empowerment, regardless of domain (Production, Resources, Income, Leadership and Time), have a significantly higher health status. However, in terms of policy sequencing, it is important to start with enhancing women’s empowerment in the Production domain. The lack of empowerment in this domain will not only lead to poor health for women, but also have a negative impact on empowerment in the Income, Resources and Leadership domains that feed back into affecting women’s health negatively.
Exact Solution of a Linear Wave Equation in Cosmological General Relativity
Creators: name: Oliveira, Firmin J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A linear second order wave equation is presented based on cosmological general relativity, which is a space-velocity theory of the expanding Universe. The wave equation is shown to be exactly solvable, based on the Gaussian hypergeometric function.
description: 6 pages
The AiiDA-KKR plugin and its application to high-throughput impurity embedding into a topological insulator
Creators: name: Rüßmann, Philipp
name: Bertoldo, Fabian
name: Blügel, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ever increasing availability of supercomputing resources led computer-based materials science into a new era of high-throughput calculations. Recently, Pizzi et al. [Comp. Mat. Sci. 111, 218 (2016)] introduced the AiiDA framework that provides a way to automate calculations while allowing to store the full provenance of complex workflows in a database. We present the development of the AiiDA-KKR plugin that allows to perform a large number of ab initio impurity embedding calculations based on the relativistic full-potential Korringa-Kohn-Rostoker Green function method. The capabilities of the AiiDA-KKR plugin are demonstrated with the calculation of several thousand impurities embedded into the prototypical topological insulator Sb2Te3. The results are collected in the JuDiT database which we use to investigate chemical trends as well as Fermi level and layer dependence of physical properties of impurities. This includes the study of spin moments, the impurity's tendency to form in-gap states or its effect on the charge doping of the host-crystal. These properties depend on the detailed electronic structure of the impurity embedded into the host crystal which highlights the need for ab initio calculations in order to get accurate predictions.
Does commercialisation drive technical efficiency improvements in Ethiopian subsistence agriculture?
Creators: name: Tirkaso, Wondmagegn
name: Hess, Sebastian
name: Tirkaso, Wondmagegn
name: Hess, Sebastian
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: technical efficiency
subject: commercialisation
subject: smallholders
subject: stochastic frontier
subject: Ethiopia

description: The conditions in which increased market participation leads to improved technical efficiency are still not adequately understood. This study therefore investigated farmers’ market participation rates and their predicted technical efficiency scores by performing a two-stage least squares (2SLS) regression analysis using household-level data obtained from the 2009 Ethiopian rural household survey. The predicted efficiency score from the stochastic frontier production function showed that the farmers had a mean technical efficiency score of 40.2%, implying that their output could be increased substantially if improvements were made to existing input mixes. The variables related to educational level and radio and mobile telephone access were positively linked to a farmer’s technical efficiency. The estimated results also indicated that farmers with a higher degree of commercialisation were technically more efficient compared to those with lower market participation. The overall results suggest the importance of increasing the market participation rate of smallholders in order to improve agricultural productivity in rural Ethiopia.
A Modified Spheromak Model Suitable for Coronal Mass Ejection Simulations
Creators: name: Singh, Talwinder
name: Yalim, Mehmet S.
name: Pogorelov, Nikolai V.
name: Gopalswamy, Nat
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs) are one of the primary drivers of extreme space weather. They are large eruptions of mass and magnetic field from the solar corona and can travel the distance between Sun and Earth in half a day to a few days. Predictions of CMEs at 1 Astronomical Unit (AU), in terms of both its arrival time and magnetic field configuration, are very important for predicting space weather. Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) modeling of CMEs, using flux-rope-based models is a promising tool for achieving this goal. In this study, we present one such model for CME simulations, based on spheromak magnetic field configuration. We have modified the spheromak solution to allow for independent input of poloidal and toroidal fluxes. The motivation for this is a possibility to estimate these fluxes from solar magnetograms and extreme ultraviolet (EUV) data from a number of different approaches. We estimate the poloidal flux of CME using post eruption arcades (PEAs) and toroidal flux from the coronal dimming. In this modified spheromak, we also have an option to control the helicity sign of flux ropes, which can be derived from the solar disk magnetograms using the magnetic tongue approach. We demonstate the applicability of this model by simulating the 12 July 2012 CME in the solar corona.
Design of a Linear Transconductance OTA using the Open Sky130 Process Design Kit
Creators: name: Souza, Carolina Vieira
name: Ribeiro, Edmar Philipe
name: Teixeira, Estêvão Coelho
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: OTA
linear transconductance
open PDKs
Sky130
open source tools

description: Abstract: This paper describes the design, layout and simulation of a linear transconductance Operational Transconductance Amplifier (OTA) using the SkyWater 130 nm open Process Design Kit (PDK). By using a known source degeneration technique, it is possible to either decrease and linearize the transconductance of the OTA for a wider range of input voltages, making it proper for use on Gm-C filters. Only open source tools, suited for the Sky130 PDK, were used in this design, showing the applicability to analog designs
Additional file 3 of Preference for initiation of end-of-life care discussion in Indonesia: a quantitative study
Creators: name: Eng, Venita
name: Hewitt, Victoria
name: Kekalih, Aria
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 3.
Climate change effects on crop productivity and welfare sensitivity analysis for smallholder farmers in Malawi
Creators: name: Kachulu, Mutisungilire
name: Kachulu, Mutisungilire
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: climate change adaptation
subject: crop technologies
subject: welfare sensitivity analysis
subject: Malawi

description: The effects of climate change on smallholder agriculture under different crop technologies, namely conservation agriculture, Falbedia albida, optimal fertilisation and intensive farming, were analysed against the conventional subsistence farming in Malawi. A biophysical economic modelling approach was used over a 60-year period to assess changes in crop productivity, total welfare and land-use options. The results indicate varying decreases in crop yield. For instance, when compared to the crop yield in 2010, maize yield decreased by -20% under subsistence farming and -0.1% under intensive farming in the seventh decade (2061 to 2070). Adaptation to climate change effects increased total welfare by 24% and producer revenues by 44% when compared to no adaptation. To optimise the welfare of smallholder farmers in Malawi, the study recommends increasing the adoption of intensive farming, conservation agriculture and Falbedia albida to at least 9.5%, 12% and 10% of total cultivated area in the 7th decade respectively. The study also reveals that farmers’ inability to optimise land use has a higher negative impact on welfare when compared to the effect from climate change. This means that the optimisation of crop and technology choices may play a more vital role in improving farmers’ welfare than mere adaptation to climate change.
Colorimetric and Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) Detection of Metal Ions in Aqueous Medium Using Sensitive, Robust and Novel Pectin Functionalized Silver Nanoparticles
Creators: name: Sharma, Sweta
name: Jaiswal, Aarti
name: K. N. Uttam
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 20199 Astronomical and Space Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: For maintaining water quality, planning remediation strategies and ecosystem restoration, the detection of metal ions in aquatic water bodies is very important. Colorimetry as well as plasmon-enhanced spectroscopy using plasmonic particles tailored and decorated by organic molecules provides promising simple, portable, robust and economically viable sensing systems for metal ions in field or in point of care settings. For this purpose, silver nanoparticles functionalized with pectin (P-AgNPs) have been synthesized by a microwave assisted method for the detection of metal ions [Cr(III), Cr(VI), Se(IV), Mn(II), Fe(II), As(V), and Hg(I)] in aqueous solution using colorimetry and SERS. The addition of P-AgNPs imparts a black and brown color to the water samples containing Fe(II) and Mn(II) ions while a reddish brown color is observed in water samples containing Cr(III) and As(V) ions. The Raman measurements of different concentrations of Cr(III), Cr(VI), Se(IV), Mn(II), As(V), and Hg(I) ions mixed with synthesized colloidal P-AgNPs solution have also been recorded. The addition of metal ions to the P-AgNPs solution induces alteration in the spectral features of the peaks of P-AgNPs. In addition, they also lead to formation of new characteristic bands. Significant enhancement in the intensity has been observed for these bands in the form of SERS signals. These peculiar characteristic peaks may be used for the detection of the metal ions in aqueous solution. This study demonstrates applicability of P-AgNPs as a colorimetric and plasmon enhancing spectroscopic agent for the simple, prompt, easily accessible and portable tool for the detection of metal ion pollution in aqueous medium.
Additional file 1 of Fasting before living-kidney donation: effect on donor well-being and postoperative recovery: study protocol of a multicenter randomized controlled trial
Creators: name: Oudmaijer, C. A. J.
name: Minnee, R. C.
name: Pol, R. A.
name: van den Boogaard, W. M. C.
name: Komninos, D. S. J.
name: van de Wetering, J.
name: van Heugten, M. H.
name: Hoorn, E. J.
name: Sanders, J. S. F.
name: Hoeijmakers, J. H. J.
name: Vermeij, W. P.
name: IJzermans, J. N. M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology

description: Additional file 1:. Figures and biological specimens.
Higher-order perturbation theory for highly-improved actions
Creators: name: Trottier, Howard D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I review techniques and applications of higher-order perturbation theory for highly-improved lattice actions.
description: Some added references, clarification of Figs. 4 and 5, and some minor textual changes
Simulating the cascading effects of an extreme agricultural production shock : global implications of a contemporary US dust bowl event
Creators: name: Heslin, Alison
name: Puma, Michael J.
name: Marchand, Philippe
name: Carr, Joel A.
name: Dell'Angelo, Jampel
name: D'Odorico, Paolo
name: Gephart, Jessica
name: Kummu, Matti
name: Porkka, Miina
name: Rulli, Maria Crtistina
name: Seekell, David A.
name: Suweis, Samir
name: Tavoni, Alessandro
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Higher temperatures expected by midcentury increase the risk of shocks to crop production, while the interconnected nature of the current global food system functions to spread the impact of localized production shocks throughout the world. In this study, we analyze the global potential impact of a present-day event of equivalent magnitude to the US Dust Bowl, modeling the ways in which a sudden decline in US wheat production could cascade through the global network of agricultural trade. We use observations of country-level production, reserves, and trade data in a Food Shock Cascade model to explore trade adjustments and country-level inventory changes in response to a major, multiyear production decline. We find that a 4-year decline in wheat production of the same proportional magnitude as occurred during the Dust Bowl greatly reduces both wheat supply and reserves in the United States and propagates through the global trade network. By year 4 of the event, US wheat exports fall from 90.5 trillion kcal before the drought to 48 trillion to 52 trillion kcal, and the United States exhausts 94% of its reserves. As a result of reduced US exports, other countries meet their needs by leveraging their own reserves, leading to a 31% decline in wheat reserves globally. These findings demonstrate that an extreme production decline would lead to substantial supply shortfalls in both the United States and in other countries, where impacts outside the United States strongly depend on a country's reserves and on its relative position in the global trade network.
Rice flows across regions in Madagascar
Creators: name: Ralandison, Tsilavo
name: Arimoto, Yutaka
name: Kono, Hisaki
name: Sakurai, Takeshi
name: Takahashi, Kazushi
name: Ralandison, Tsilavo
name: Arimoto, Yutaka
name: Kono, Hisaki
name: Sakurai, Takeshi
name: Takahashi, Kazushi
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: trade flow
subject: origin
subject: destination
subject: rice
subject: Madagascar

description: This paper examines rice trade flows within and across regions in Madagascar, based on data of unique rice sales collected in 22 major markets in Madagascar in 2012 and 2013. We find that intra-regional trade accounts for a large fraction of the overall rice trade. We then focus on factors that may affect inter-regional transactions, such as market status (i.e. deficit or surplus), geographical proximity and seasonality (harvest vs. non-harvest and rainy vs. dry). We find that rice flows mainly from surplus to deficit regions and within regions that are geographically proximate. Seasonal factors have a generally negligible impact on rice flow.
Non-Volatile Memory Array Based Quantization- and Noise-Resilient LSTM Neural Networks
Creators: name: Ma, Wen
name: Chiu, Pi-Feng
name: Choi, Won Ho
name: Qin, Minghai
name: Bedau, Daniel
name: Lueker-Boden, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Emerging Technologies (cs.ET)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In cloud and edge computing models, it is important that compute devices at the edge be as power efficient as possible. Long short-term memory (LSTM) neural networks have been widely used for natural language processing, time series prediction and many other sequential data tasks. Thus, for these applications there is increasing need for low-power accelerators for LSTM model inference at the edge. In order to reduce power dissipation due to data transfers within inference devices, there has been significant interest in accelerating vector-matrix multiplication (VMM) operations using non-volatile memory (NVM) weight arrays. In NVM array-based hardware, reduced bit-widths also significantly increases the power efficiency. In this paper, we focus on the application of quantization-aware training algorithm to LSTM models, and the benefits these models bring in terms of resilience against both quantization error and analog device noise. We have shown that only 4-bit NVM weights and 4-bit ADC/DACs are needed to produce equivalent LSTM network performance as floating-point baseline. Reasonable levels of ADC quantization noise and weight noise can be naturally tolerated within our NVMbased quantized LSTM network. Benchmark analysis of our proposed LSTM accelerator for inference has shown at least 2.4x better computing efficiency and 40x higher area efficiency than traditional digital approaches (GPU, FPGA, and ASIC). Some other novel approaches based on NVM promise to deliver higher computing efficiency (up to 4.7x) but require larger arrays with potential higher error rates.
description: Published in: 2019 IEEE International Conference on Rebooting Computing (ICRC)
The Ignatian Examen, Self-Transcendent Positive Emotions, Eudaimonic Motivation, and Interpersonal Processes
Creators: name: Curlee, Millicent S.
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Mindfulness has been the most robustly examined contemplative practice, with empirical studies on the topic exponentially increasing. Despite the popularity of mindfulness, other types of contemplation have remained unstudied. The current study examined a specific contemplative practice originating from the Catholic Jesuit tradition, the Ignatian examen, and its impact on self-transcendent positive emotions, eudaimonic motivation, and the moderating role of autonomous interpersonal style on these effects. It additionally examined a specific self-transcendent positive emotion, elevation, and its relation to interpersonal relationship goals. Prior to the current study, there have been no known empirical studies on the impact of practicing the Ignatian examen. The study found that daily elevation was associated with more compassionate interpersonal goals, in the context of completing the Ignatian examen. It also found mixed results for how practicing the examen influences how much people experience and value self-transcendent positive emotions. There were not significant results related to change in eudaimonic motivation or autonomy as a moderator, but there were interesting main effects of autonomy, indicating that those who valued autonomy more experienced STPE less often. This study highlights the utility of studying the Ignatian examen, and contemplative practices outside of mindfulness more generally, as they can influence domains of human experience. The exploratory analyses suggest that there are many directions for future research that may be fruitful, particularly related to autonomous interpersonal style.
Evaluation of radon adsorption efficiency values in xenon with activated carbon fibers
Creators: name: Nakano, Y.
name: Ichimura, K.
name: Ito, H.
name: Okada, T.
name: Sekiya, H.
name: Takeuchi, Y.
name: Tasaka, S.
name: Yamashita, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The radioactive noble gas radon-222 ($\mathrm{^{222}Rn}$, or Rn) produced in the uranium series is a crucial background source in many underground experiments. We have estimated the adsorption property of Rn with Activated Carbon Fibers (ACFs) in air (Air), argon (Ar), and xenon (Xe) gas. In this study, we evaluated six ACFs, named A-7, A-10, A-15, A-20, A-25, and S-25, provided from UNITIKA Ltd. We measured intrinsic radioactivity of these ACF samples, and found A-20's radioactivity of the uranium series is $<5.5$~$\mathrm{mBq/kg}$ with $90\%$ confidence level. In Air and Ar gas, we found ACF A-15 has the adsorption efficiency of $1/10000$ reduction at maximum before saturation of Rn adsorption, and more than $97\%$ adsorption efficiency after the saturation. In Xe gas, we found ACF A-20 has the best Rn adsorption ability among tested ACFs. We also found S-25, A-25, and A-15 have similar Rn adsorption performance.
description: 17 pages, 9 figures
AGREP Arkansas Global Rice Economics Program; International Rice Outlook; International Rice Baseline Projections, 2017-2027
Creators: name: Wailes, Eric J.
name: Chavez, Eddie C.
name: Durand-Morat, Alvaro
name: Wailes, Eric J.
name: Chavez, Eddie C.
name: Durand-Morat, Alvaro
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Production Economics
subject: International rice
subject: baseline
subject: policy
subject: deterministic
subject: stochastic
subject: Arkansas Global Rice Model

description: This outlook contains updated baseline rice projections for U.S. and international rice economies as of January 2018. The purpose of this document is to present the current state and the expected directions of the rice economies in the world by assessing their potential supply and demand paths over the next decade. This set of projections serves as a baseline for evaluating and comparing alternative macroeconomic, policy, weather, and technological scenarios. The estimates are intended for use by government agencies and officials, farmers, consumers, agribusinesses and other stakeholders who conduct medium- and long-term planning. The baseline projections are generated by the Arkansas Global Rice Economics Program (AGREP); and are grounded in a series of assumptions about the general economy, agricultural policies, weather, and technological change. It is assumed that current agricultural policies will be continued in the United States and other countries included in this study. Projections in this outlook are based on the information available as of January 2018. In light of the volatility of the global rice economy, a stochastic analysis is included in this report to provide a better understanding of the probable distribution of future outcomes. The stochastic estimates establish the likely upper and lower bounds for selected variables, which serve as indications of inherent risks associated with the global rice economy. The authors acknowledge and appreciate the collaboration with the team at FAPRI-MU based at the University of Missouri in Columbia; but take full responsibility for any remaining errors in this document.
Additional file 2 of Fasting before living-kidney donation: effect on donor well-being and postoperative recovery: study protocol of a multicenter randomized controlled trial
Creators: name: Oudmaijer, C. A. J.
name: Minnee, R. C.
name: Pol, R. A.
name: van den Boogaard, W. M. C.
name: Komninos, D. S. J.
name: van de Wetering, J.
name: van Heugten, M. H.
name: Hoorn, E. J.
name: Sanders, J. S. F.
name: Hoeijmakers, J. H. J.
name: Vermeij, W. P.
name: IJzermans, J. N. M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology

description: Additional file 2:. Informed consent forms.
Bi and Branching Strict Nash Networks in Two-way Flow Models: a Generalized Sufficient Condition
Creators: name: Charoensook, Banchongsan
name: Charoensook, Banchongsan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Network Formation
subject: Strict Nash Network
subject: Two-way Flow Network
subject: Branching Network

description: Bi and branching networks are two classes of minimal networks often found in the literatures of two-way flow Strict Nash networks. Why so? In this paper, we answer this question by establishing a generalized condition that holds together many models in the literature, and then show that this condition is sufficient to guarantee their common result: every non-empty component of minimal SNN is either a branching or Bi network. This paper, therefore, contributes to the literature by providing a generalization of several existing works in the literature of two-way flow Strict Nash networks.
Simulating the cascading effects of an extreme agricultural production shock : global implications of a contemporary US dust bowl event
Creators: name: Heslin, Alison
name: Puma, Michael J.
name: Marchand, Philippe
name: Carr, Joel A.
name: Dell'Angelo, Jampel
name: D'Odorico, Paolo
name: Gephart, Jessica
name: Kummu, Matti
name: Porkka, Miina
name: Rulli, Maria Crtistina
name: Seekell, David A.
name: Suweis, Samir
name: Tavoni, Alessandro
Publisher: name: Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 30
subject: Agricultural, veterinary and food sciences

description: Higher temperatures expected by midcentury increase the risk of shocks to crop production, while the interconnected nature of the current global food system functions to spread the impact of localized production shocks throughout the world. In this study, we analyze the global potential impact of a present-day event of equivalent magnitude to the US Dust Bowl, modeling the ways in which a sudden decline in US wheat production could cascade through the global network of agricultural trade. We use observations of country-level production, reserves, and trade data in a Food Shock Cascade model to explore trade adjustments and country-level inventory changes in response to a major, multiyear production decline. We find that a 4-year decline in wheat production of the same proportional magnitude as occurred during the Dust Bowl greatly reduces both wheat supply and reserves in the United States and propagates through the global trade network. By year 4 of the event, US wheat exports fall from 90.5 trillion kcal before the drought to 48 trillion to 52 trillion kcal, and the United States exhausts 94% of its reserves. As a result of reduced US exports, other countries meet their needs by leveraging their own reserves, leading to a 31% decline in wheat reserves globally. These findings demonstrate that an extreme production decline would lead to substantial supply shortfalls in both the United States and in other countries, where impacts outside the United States strongly depend on a country's reserves and on its relative position in the global trade network.
Two-photon driven magnon-pair resonance as a signature of spin-nematic order
Creators: name: Sato, Masahiro
name: Morisaku, Yoshitaka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically study the nonlinear magnetic resonance driven by intense laser or electromagnetic wave in a fully polarized frustrated magnet near a less-visible spin-nematic ordered phase. In general, both magnons and magnon pairs (two-magnon bound state) appear as the low-energy excitation in the saturated state of spin-nematic magnets. Their excitation energies are usually in terahertz (THz) or gigahertz range. Magnon pairs with angular momentum 2$\hbar$ can be excited by the simultaneous absorption of two photons, and such multi-photon processes occur if the applied THz laser is strong enough. We compute laser-driven magnetic dynamics of a frustrated four-spin system with both magnon ($\hbar$) and magnon-pair (2$\hbar$) like excitations which is analogous to a macroscopic frustrated magnet with a spin nematic phase. We estimate the required strength of magnetic field of laser for the realization of two photon absorption, taking into account dissipation effects with the Lindblad equation. We show that intense THz laser with ac magnetic field of 0.1-1.0 Tesla is enough to observe magnon-pair resonance.
description: 6+6 pages, 6+2 figures
The Swift/BAT High Latitude Survey: First Results
Creators: name: Markwardt, C. B.
name: Tueller, J.
name: Skinner, G. K.
name: Gehrels, N.
name: Barthelmy, S. D.
name: Mushotzky, R. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present preliminary results from the first 3 months of the Swift BAT high galactic latitude survey in the 14--195 keV band. The survey reaches a flux of \~10^{-11} erg/cm^2/s and has ~2.7' (90% confidence) positional uncertainties for the faintest sources. This represents the most sensitive survey to date in this energy band. These data confirm the conjectures that a high energy selected AGN sample would have very different properties from those selected in other bands and represent a `true' sample of the AGN population. We have identified 86% of the 66 high-latitude sources. 12 are galactic type sources and 44 can be identified with previously known AGN. All but 5 of the AGN have archival X-ray spectra, enabling the estimation of line of sight column densities and other spectral properties. Both of the z > 0.11 objects are Blazars. The median redshift of the others (excluding radio-loud objects) is 0.012. We find that the column density distribution of these AGN is bimodal with 64% of the non-blazar sources having column densities N_H >= 10^{22} cm$^{-2}$. None of the sources with log L_X > 43.5 show high column densities and very few of the lower L_X sources have low column densities. Based on these data, we expect the final BAT catalog to have >200 AGN and reach fluxes of less than ~10^{-11} erg/cm^2/s over the entire sky.
description: Final version submitted to ApJ Letters; on-line only Table 1 is included in-full in the article text
Horizontal and elevational patterns of masting across multiple species in a steep montane landscape from the perspective of forest mammal management
Creators: name: Masaki, Takashi
name: Abe, Shin
name: Naoe, Shoji
name: Koike, Shinsuke
name: Nakajima, Ami
name: Nemoto, Yui
name: Yamazaki, Koji
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology

description: Masting of trees affects the activity of large mammals that feed on their fruits, but the spatial patterns of masting at the scale of mammal home ranges across multiple tree species have rarely been investigated. Furthermore, the effects of elevation, which may affect site productivity and thereby alter temporal patterns of masting, have often been ignored. We investigated fruit production by 403 trees of six species that are preferred by Asian black bears over 10 years within a 30 × 30-km2 landscape at 700–1600 m elevations, as well as the horizontal and elevational structures of intraspecies and interspecies synchrony. Higher elevation was related to greater temporal variation in fruiting for Quercus crispula. Among heterospecific relationships, two Quercus species and Swida controversa showed fruiting synchrony, whereas Prunus grayana produced more fruit when Quercus and Swida produced less. Fagus crenata and Castanea crenata did not exhibit masting synchrony, neither positive nor negative, with other species. Spatially, most tested species showed positive autocorrelations with horizontal distance, particularly between close trees (4–10 km), whereas autocorrelations with elevational difference showed negligible spatial structure across elevational distance. Positive spatial correlations between different species were found only for the two Quercus species. These findings imply that variation in movement patterns among individual Asian black bears should be greater in Quercus mast years and that most bears will range more widely than average in non-mast years for Quercus.
Investment-Uncertainty Relationship in the Oil and Gas Industry
Creators: name: Ahmadi, Maryam
name: Manera, Matteo
name: Sadeghzadeh, Mehdi
name: Ahmadi, Maryam
name: Manera, Matteo
name: Sadeghzadeh, Mehdi
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Oil Market
subject: Investment
subject: Uncertainty
subject: SVAR-GARCH

description: Recent studies on oil market demonstrate endogeneity of oil price by modeling it as a function of consumption and precautionary demands and producers’ supply. However, studies analysing the effect of oil price uncertainty on investment, do not disentangle uncertainties raised by underlying components playing a role in oil market. Accordingly, this study investigates the relationship between investment and uncertainty for a panel of U.S. firms operating in oil and gas industry with a new approach. We decompose oil price volatility to be driven by structural shocks that are recognized in oil market literature, over and above other determinants, to study whether investment uncertainty relationship depends on the drivers of uncertainty. Our findings suggest that oil market uncertainty lowers investment only when it is caused by global consumption demand shocks. Stock market uncertainty is found to have a negative effect on investment with a year of delay. The results suggest no positive relation between irreversible investment and uncertainty, but interestingly, positive relation exists for reversible investment. This finding is in line with the option theory of investment and implies that irreversibility effect of increased uncertainty dominates the traditional convexity effect.
On the Stability of Thermonuclear Burning Fronts in Type Ia Supernovae
Creators: name: Roepke, F. K.
name: Hillebrandt, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The propagation of cellularly stabilized thermonuclear flames is investigated by means of numerical simulations. In Type Ia supernova explosions the corresponding burning regime establishes at scales below the Gibson length. The cellular flame stabilization - which is a result of an interplay between the Landau-Darrieus instability and a nonlinear stabilization mechanism - is studied for the case of propagation into quiescent fuel as well as interaction with vortical fuel flows. Our simulations indicate that in thermonuclear supernova explosions stable cellular flames develop around the Gibson scale and that deflagration-to-detonation transition is unlikely to be triggered from flame evolution effects here.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures, to appear in the proceedings of the IAU Colloquium 192, "Supernovae (10 years of SN1993J)", 22-26 April 2003, Valencia, Spain, Eds. J.M. Marcaide and K.W. Weiler, Springer Verlag
The Ignatian Examen, Self-Transcendent Positive Emotions, Eudaimonic Motivation, and Interpersonal Processes
Creators: name: Curlee, Millicent S.
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 52
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Mindfulness has been the most robustly examined contemplative practice, with empirical studies on the topic exponentially increasing. Despite the popularity of mindfulness, other types of contemplation have remained unstudied. The current study examined a specific contemplative practice originating from the Catholic Jesuit tradition, the Ignatian examen, and its impact on self-transcendent positive emotions, eudaimonic motivation, and the moderating role of autonomous interpersonal style on these effects. It additionally examined a specific self-transcendent positive emotion, elevation, and its relation to interpersonal relationship goals. Prior to the current study, there have been no known empirical studies on the impact of practicing the Ignatian examen. The study found that daily elevation was associated with more compassionate interpersonal goals, in the context of completing the Ignatian examen. It also found mixed results for how practicing the examen influences how much people experience and value self-transcendent positive emotions. There were not significant results related to change in eudaimonic motivation or autonomy as a moderator, but there were interesting main effects of autonomy, indicating that those who valued autonomy more experienced STPE less often. This study highlights the utility of studying the Ignatian examen, and contemplative practices outside of mindfulness more generally, as they can influence domains of human experience. The exploratory analyses suggest that there are many directions for future research that may be fruitful, particularly related to autonomous interpersonal style.
Кон’юнктура ринку м’яса птиці в Україні
Structure of the poultry meat market in Ukraine
Creators: name: Salkova, Iryna
name: Salkova, Iryna
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: conjuncture
subject: market
subject: price
subject: poultry meat
subject: production
subject: demand
subject: consumer

description: The purpose of this paper is to carry out a marketing research of the state and structure of the poultry meat market in Ukraine; to identify the factors that hold back and stimulate the development of the poultry market and potential opportunities for growth. The competitive advantages of producers are determined and the main trends in the poultry meat market are characterized. The balance of supply and demand for meat and meat products in Ukraine has been studied. The Herfindahl-Hirschman index was used to determine the level of competition in the chicken meat market, which showed the disadvantages of competition in the market. The market is monopolistic, which poses a threat to the development of competition. The constraining factors of poultry meat market development are determined. Based on the conducted research, potential opportunities for the development of the industry and the competitiveness of the Ukrainian poultry meat producer in the external and internal market are identified.
An investigation into alternative Media Wall solutions for the UBC Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences
Creators: name: Sayson, Michael
name: Lee, Sebastian
name: Liu, Sean
name: Fudimov, Andriy
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: The UBC Pharmaceutical Sciences Building contains an interactive exhibit called, The Story of Medicine. Part of that exhibit consists of the UBC Impact Media Wall. The wall however, has problems relating to the component lifespan, energy consumption, display and software. As such, this report seeks to nd an alternative Media Wall product to succeed the current MediaWall and by using a triple bottom line analysis, examining the environmental, economic and social impacts, to determine if the alternative product is a suitable replacement. Filtering through the various available Media Wall technologies using this criterion, three products: Christie MicroTiles; the Planar Clarity Matrix; and the NEC Ultra-Narrow Professional-Grade Large-Screen Display are suitable candidates for replacing the current Media Wall. In doing further research this report recommends that the Planar Clarity Matrix is to be implemented as the new Media Wall for The Story of Medicine exhibit at the UBC Pharmaceutical Sciences Building. Disclaimer: “UBC SEEDS provides students with the opportunity to share the findings of their studies, as well as their opinions, conclusions and recommendations with the UBC community. The reader should bear in mind that this is a student project/report and is not an official document of UBC. Furthermore readers should bear in mind that these reports may not reflect the current status of activities at UBC. We urge you to contact the research persons mentioned in a report or the SEEDS Coordinator about the current status of the subject matter of a project/report.”
Asthma and risk of infection, hospitalization, ICU admission and mortality from COVID-19: Systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Sunjaya, Anthony P.
name: Allida, Sabine M.
name: Di Tanna, Gian Luca
name: Jenkins, Christine
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases

description: As COVID-19 spreads across the world, there are concerns that people with asthma are at a higher risk of acquiring the disease, or of poorer outcomes. This systematic review aimed to summarize evidence on the risk of infection, severe illness and death from COVID-19 in people with asthma. A comprehensive search of electronic databases including preprint repositories and WHO COVID-19 database was conducted (until 26 May 2020). Studies reporting COVID-19 in people with asthma were included. For binary outcomes, we performed Sidik-Jonkman random effects meta-analysis. We explored quantitative heterogeneity by subgroup analyses, meta regression and evaluating the I2 statistic. Fifty-seven studies with an overall sample size of 587 280 were included. The prevalence of asthma among those infected with COVID-19 was 7.46% (95% CI = 6.25–8.67). Non-severe asthma was more common than severe asthma (9.61% vs. 4.13%). Pooled analysis showed a 14% risk ratio reduction in acquiring COVID-19 (95% CI = 0.80–0.94; p p = 0.03) for people with asthma compared with those without. There was no significant difference in the combined risk of requiring admission to ICU and/or receiving mechanical ventilation for people with asthma (RR = 0.87 95% CI = 0.94–1.37; p = 0.19) and risk of death from COVID-19 (RR = 0.87; 95% CI = 0.68–1.10; p = 0.25). The findings from this study suggest that the prevalence of people with asthma among COVID-19 patients is similar to the global prevalence of asthma. The overall findings suggest that people with asthma have a lower risk than those without asthma for acquiring COVID-19 and have similar clinical outcomes. angiotensin-converting-enzyme-2; United States Center for Disease Control and Prevention; chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; coronavirus disease 2019; intensive care unit; inhaled corticosteroids; Middle East Respiratory Syndrome; relative risk reduction; severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 1; severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Проблеми забезпечення агросировиною твердопаливного сектора біоенергетики в Україні
Problems of providing of agro raw materials for solid fuel sector of bioenergetics in Ukraine
Creators: name: Stepanova, Irina
name: Stepanova, Irina
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: solid biofuel of agricultural origin
subject: raw materials provision
subject: biomass stock exchange
subject: logistics, purveying scheme
subject: complex transport infrastructure
subject: bioenergetical clusters

description: The purpose of this paper is to investigate the problems and prospects of providing of solid fuel sector of bioenergetics with agro raw materials in Ukraine. The modern condition of domestic solid biofuel production from agricultural waste is researched in the article. This paper presents data regarding developments in the field of renewable energy sources based on agricultural raw material, in particular, straw and sunflower husks. It has come to light that the Ukrainian undeveloped market of biomass is characterized by specific problems as to logistics, accessibility of agro raw materials, difficulty of keeping agricultural waste, absence of biomass stock exchange, insufficiency of reliable biomass suppliers, absence of motivation among agrarians, intricacy of making long-term contracts, risk of biomass low quality. Modernized measures permitting to change the existing situation of providing the bioenergetics sector with agricultural waste are determined, among them: creation of biomass stock exchange, formation of complex transport infrastructure, introduction a purveying scheme into the production cycle, creation of bioenergetical clasters. The possibilities of the agrarian sector to be an equal supplier of raw materials for the needs of solid fuel bioenergetics are summarized.