cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Bridging the Gap Between Consciousness and Matter: Recurrent Out-of-Body Projection of Visual Awareness Revealed by the Law of Non-Identity
Creators: name: Meng, Jinsong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Consciousness is an explicit outcome of brain activity. However, the link between consciousness and the material world remains to be explored. We applied a new logic tool, the non-identity law, to the analysis of the visual dynamics related to the naturalistic observation of a night-shot still life. We show that visual awareness possesses a postponed, recurrent out-of-body projection pathway and that the out-of-body projection is superimposed onto the original, which is reciprocally verified by vision and touch. This suggests that the visual system instinctually not only represents the subjective image (brain-generated imagery) but also projects the image back onto the original or to a specific place according to the cues of the manipulated afferent messenger light signaling pathway. This finding provides a foundation for understanding the subjectivity and intentionality of consciousness from the perspective of visual awareness and the isomorphic relations between an unknowable original, private experience, and shareable expression. The result paves the way for scientific research on consciousness and facilitates the integration of humanities and natural science.
description: 20 pages, 9 figures, and 1 table. Comments: 21 pages, 9 figures, and 1 table: typos corrected, references added, a figure moved from the supplementary part to the main text, typesetting changed from double columns to one column. Comments: 28 pages, 10 figures, and 1 table: style changed to APA, title changed, typos corrected, references added, a figure added
Thermodynamic formalism for contracting Lorenz flows
Creators: name: Pacifico, Maria Jose
name: Todd, Mike
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37D35, 37D45, 37D30, 37C10, 37C45

description: We study the expansion properties of the contracting Lorenz flow introduced by Rovella via thermodynamic formalism. Specifically, we prove the existence of an equilibrium state for the natural potential $\hatϕ_t(x,y, z):=-t\log J_{(x, y, z)}^{cu}$ for the contracting Lorenz flow and for $t$ in an interval containing $[0,1]$. We also analyse the Lyapunov spectrum of the flow in terms of the pressure.
Mitigating baryon feedback bias in cosmic shear through a theoretical error covariance in the matter power spectrum
Creators: name: Maraio, Alessandro
name: Hall, Alex
name: Taylor, Andy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Forthcoming cosmic shear surveys will make precise measurements of the matter density field down to very small scales, scales which are dominated by baryon feedback. The modelling of baryon feedback is crucial to ensure unbiased cosmological parameter constraints; the most efficient approach is to use analytic models, but these are limited by how well they can capture the physics of baryon feedback. We investigate the fitting and residual errors of various baryon feedback models to a suite of hydrodynamic simulations, and propagate these to cosmological parameter constraints for cosmic shear. We present an alternative formalism to binary scale-cuts through the use of a theoretical error covariance, which is a well-motivated alternative using errors in the power spectrum modelling itself. We depart from previous works by modelling baryonic feedback errors directly in the matter power spectrum, which is the natural basis to do so and thus preserves information in the lensing kernels. When including angular multipoles up to $\ell_{\mathrm{max}} = 5000$, and assuming Euclid-like survey properties, we find that even multi-parameter models of baryon feedback can introduce significant levels of bias. In contrast, our theoretical error reduces the bias in $Ω_{\mathrm{m}}$ and $S_{8}$ to acceptable levels, with only a modest increase in parameter variances. The theoretical error approach bypasses the need to directly determine the per-bin $\ell_{\mathrm{max}}$ values, as it naturally suppresses the biassing small-scale information. We also present a detailed study of how flexible HMCode-2020, a widely-used non-linear and baryonic feedback model, is at fitting a range of hydrodynamical simulations.
description: 15 pages, 16 figures, submitted to MNRAS
Effect of immersion in semi synthetics (30% petroleum oil) on compression strength of rubber composite
Creators: name: I.Al-Mosawi, Ali
name: Abdulsada, Shaymaa Abbas
name: Hadi, Ali Amer A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Additive Manufacturing
subject: 91202 Composite and Hybrid Materials
subject: FOS: Materials engineering

description: This research investigates the immersion styrene-butadiene rubber reinforced by polyvinyl chloride (PVC) in cutting fluids. SBR was supported by (0-25pphr) PVC and immersion in semi synthetics (30% petroleum oil) on the SBR-PVC rubber composite's compression strength for four weeks. The results obtained showed lower compression strength after immersion in the solution than the original material before immersion. This decrease in strength will increase, increasing the duration of exposure to petroleum oil. And the results demonstrated that the compression strength of SBR would enhance by adding PVC.
A Model of Fascism in European Agrarian Peripheries: the Romanian case
Creators: name: Sandu, Traian
Publisher: name: Rural History Yearbook
Year: 2022

description: Der Artikel behandelt Wege und Grenzen der Ausbreitung des rumänischen Faschismus in einer Gesellschaft, die auch in den 1930er Jahren noch immer ländlich geprägt war und deren Wählerschaft in traditionellen Sozialstrukturen, vor allem der Kirche und der Monarchie, verhaftet blieb. Die These dieses Artikels lautet, dass die Herausforderung, traditionelle Bindungen in eine moderne Massenbewegung zu überführen von der rumänischen Eisernen Garde nicht vollständig bewältigt wurde. Die Erschütterungen der dörflichen Lebenswelten durch den Ersten Weltkrieg und die Weltwirtschaftskrise konnten mittels ei- ner traditionalistischen Ideologie sowie mythischen Geschichtsbildern in nur begrenztem Ausmaß aufgefangen werden. Als Erbe zweier Entwicklungen, des romantischen Traditionalismus und des Populismus, stützte sich Corneliu Zelea Codreanu vor allem auf eine junge Generation städtischer und halbstädtischer Intellektueller, zu denen sozialhistorisch auch er selbst gerechnet werden muss. Diese Schwäche, die ländlichen Schichten politisch für die Eiserne Garde zu mobilisieren, kann letztlich als eine der Ursachen des erfolgreichen Staatsstreichs Carols II. 1938 sowie der Errichtung einer Königsdiktatur eingeschätzt werden.
description: Rural History Yearbook, Bd. 7 (2010): Transforming Rural Societies. Agrarian Property and Agrarianism in East Central Europe in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries
Neural Correlates of Augmented Reality Safety Warnings: EEG Analysis of Situational Awareness and Cognitive Performance in Roadway Work Zones
Creators: name: Ardecani, Fatemeh Banani
name: Kumar, Amit
name: Sabeti, Sepehr
name: Shoghli, Omidreza
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Emerging Technologies (cs.ET)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Despite the research and implementation efforts involving various safety strategies, protocols, and technologies, work zone crashes and fatalities continue to occur at an alarming rate each year. This study investigates the neurophysiological responses to Augmented Reality safety warnings in roadway work zones under varying workload conditions. Using electroencephalogram (EEG) technology, we objectively assessed situational awareness, attention, and cognitive load in simulated low-intensity (LA) and moderate-intensity (MA) work activities. The research analyzed key EEG indicators including beta, gamma, alpha, and theta waves, as well as various combined wave ratios. Results revealed that AR warnings effectively triggered neurological responses associated with increased situational awareness and attention across both workload conditions. However, significant differences were observed in the timing and intensity of these responses. In the LA condition, peak responses occurred earlier (within 125 ms post-warning) and were more pronounced, suggesting a more robust cognitive response when physical demands were lower. Conversely, the MA condition showed delayed peak responses (125-250 ms post-warning) and more gradual changes, indicating a potential impact of increased physical activity on cognitive processing speed. These findings underscore the importance of considering physical workload when designing AR-based safety systems for roadway work zones. The research contributes to the understanding of how AR can enhance worker safety and provides insights for developing more effective, context-aware safety interventions in high-risk work environments.
On cubulated relatively hyperbolic groups
Creators: name: Oregón-Reyes, Eduardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We show that properly and cocompactly cubulated relatively hyperbolic groups are virtually special, provided the peripheral subgroups are virtually special in a way that is compatible with the cubulation. This extends Agol's result for cubulated hyperbolic groups, and applies to a wide range of peripheral subgroups. In particular, we deduce virtual specialness for properly and cocompactly cubulated groups that are hyperbolic relative to virtually abelian groups. As another consequence, by using a theorem of Martin and Steenbock we obtain virtual specialness for groups obtained as a quotient of a free product of finitely many virtually compact special groups by a finite set of relators satisfying the classical $C'(1/6)$-small cancellation condition.
description: Final version, to appear in Geometry & Topology
Sequentially localizable functionals.
Creators: name: Booth, Raymond Sydney
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: A standard way of finding the unique zero on (0, 1) of a continuous decreasing functions with f(0) f(1)< 0, is to test the sign of f(1/2), then the sign of f(1/4) (if f(1/2)< 0) or the sign of f(3/4) (if f(1/2) >0), etc. In this way, the zero of f is localized in n steps to an interval of length 2⁻ⁿ. The unique maximum of a unimodal function on [0,1] can be similarly localized, but the unique maximum of a unimodal function on the unit square cannot. We start by generalizing these problems: let A be a compact subset of Eⁿ, let F be a set of real-valued functions on A, and for each f in F let S(f) be a point in the Cartesian product Aᵏ; S(f) is called a functional on F. Examples of such functionals are zeros, extrema, inflexion points, saddle points, etc., as well as sets of these. A test function T is a function of m real variables, which takes up only a finite number (≥2) of distinct values. An abscissa set Xᵢ is an ordered m-tuple (xlᵢ,...xmᵢ) ,, with each Xji in A. A sequential strategy is a way of selecting abscissa sets X₁, X₂,...,where the knowledge of T(f (xlᵢ, . ., f (xmᵢ)) is used to determine Xi+i. The N-th set of indeterminacy for S(f) is the largest subset of in which S(f) can lies consistent with the results of the first N-1 tests. A functional S(f) is sequentially localizable if a test function T and a sequential strategy exist, such that for every f in F the sets of indeterminacy shrink to a point (which must then be S(f) itself). First, several conditions are given to ensure the sequential localizability of a functional, these are presented in terms of certain topologies induced on Aᵏ and in terms of contraction maps. It is then shown that if a functional is localizable, there exists an optimal strategy under which the sets of indeterminacy converge fastest; further, the speed of localization is always exponential. Next, the concept of a random strategy and of random localizability is introduced, and it is shown that in many cases random localizability and sequential localizability are equivalent. Also, the speed of the former is not too much worse than the speed of the latter. Finally, optimal and near-optimal strategies are worked out for some functionals of interest.
Assessment of the Effects of Active Immunisation against Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) using Decision-Analytic Models: A Systematic Review with a Focus on Vaccination Strategies, Modelling Methods and Input Data
Creators: name: Treskova, Marina
name: Pozo‑Martin, Francisco
name: Scholz, Stefan
name: Schönfeld, Viktoria
name: Wichmann, Ole
Publisher: name: Robert Koch-Institut
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Background: Several vaccine and antibody candidates are currently in development for the prevention of lower respiratory tract infections caused by the respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). Methods: We searched MEDLINE, Embase, and SCOPUS and included model-based evaluations of RSV vaccinations. Two reviewers performed the selection, data extraction, and quality evaluation with EVIDEM. Cost-effectiveness (CE) estimates were converted to $US purchasing power parity (PPP), year 2018 values. Potential economic and epidemiological outcomes were summarised for maternal, infant, children, and elderly vaccinations. The PROSPERO identifier is CRD42019122570. Results: In total, 22 model-based studies were reviewed. On average, a potential 27% reduction in RSV hospitalisations in infants was projected for maternal vaccination and 50% for direct infant immunisation. The CE of maternal vaccination was $US1766–5857 PPP 2018/disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunisation (Gavi)-eligible countries. For England, the maximum cost-effective price of maternal vaccination was estimated at $US81.5 PPP 2018. Infant vaccination was associated with higher CE ratios in low- and high-income settings. Vaccination of neonates born before the RSV season was the most cost effective in high-income settings. Higher values for vaccine effectiveness, duration of protection, and vaccine uptake increased the benefits. Due to indirect effects, the vaccination of school-age children and a cocooning strategy were effective alternatives to protect infants, and the vaccination of children aged < 5 years had a beneficial impact on the elderly. Conclusion: RSV vaccines with anticipated characteristics may reduce a sizeable proportion of the RSV burden. The results are subject to uncertainty because of the limited epidemiological and clinical data. Data on RSV incidence and hospitalisation risk for granular age strata should be prioritised to facilitate the evaluation of RSV interventions and decision making.
On the Moyal deformation of Nahm Equations in seven dimensions
Creators: name: Garcia-Compean, Hugo
name: Martinez-Merino, Aldo A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show how the reduced (anti-)self-dual Yang-Mills equations in seven dimensions described by the Nahm equations can be carried over to the Weyl-Wigner-Moyal formalism. In the process some new solutions for the cases of gauge groups SU(2) and SL(2,R) are explicitly obtained.
description: 16+1 pages, LaTeX, no figures
Additional file 9: of Downregulation of RdDM during strawberry fruit ripening
Creators: name: Cheng, Jingfei
name: Niu, Qingfeng
name: Zhang, Bo
name: Chen, Kunsong
name: Yang, Ruihua
name: Zhu, Jian-Kang
name: Zhang, Yijing
name: Lang, Zhaobo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Review history. (DOCX 57 kb)
Anosov groups: local mixing, counting, and equidistribution
Creators: name: Edwards, Sam
name: Lee, Minju
name: Oh, Hee
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $G$ be a connected semisimple real algebraic group, and $Γ
description: 52 pages, to appear in Geometry & Topology
USE OF AUGMENTED REALLITY (AR) TECHNOLOGY TO HELP THE LEARNING PROCESS AT SD 03 BILAH BARAT
Creators: name: Marnis Nasution, Angga Putra Juledi, Deci Irmayani, Fitri Aini Nasution, Syaiful Zuhri Harahap
Publisher: name: PT. Jasa Niaga Digital Indonesia
Year: 2025
Subjects: Augmented Reality, Interactive Learning, Educational Technology, Elementary School

description: The use of Augmented Reality (AR) in education can enhance students' understanding of concepts and increase their learning motivation. This study aims to implement AR in learning at SD 03 Bilah Barat through socialization and workshops. The results show that AR makes learning more interactive, helps students grasp abstract concepts more easily, and boosts motivation. However, challenges such as limited technology and teacher readiness remain obstacles. Based on the success indicators, this activity achieved its set targets. AR has great potential to improve learning quality, but further support is needed for its sustainability.
Traversable Thin-shell Wormhole in the 4D Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet Theory
Creators: name: Liu, Peng
name: Niu, Chao
name: Qian, Wei-Liang
name: Wang, Xiaobao
name: Zhang, Cheng-Yong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This work investigates the spherically symmetric thin-shell wormhole solutions in four-dimensional Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet theory and explores their stabilities under radial, linear perturbations. These solutions are typically traversable and characterized by a thin-shell throat in accordance with Israel's junction conditions. In asymptotically flat and AdS spacetimes with a negative Gauss-Bonnet coupling constant, stable neutral wormholes are encountered when the magnitude of the coupling constant becomes significant. The throats of such wormholes are sustained by ordinary matter and possess finite radii. In asymptotically dS spacetimes, no stable neutral wormhole featuring ordinary matter is observed. On the other hand, for positive Gauss-Bonnet coupling constant, stable thin-shell wormhole solutions can be established when the throats are exclusively supported by exotic matter. Moreover, stable charged wormholes comprised of ordinary matter are found universally in the asymptotically flat, AdS, and dS spacetimes. Unlike their neutral counterparts, the throat radii of such charged wormholes can be arbitrarily small. However, as the charge becomes more significant, such solutions only remain stable when supported by exotic matter.
description: 22 pages, 7 figures, published version
Photoionisation loading of large Sr+ ion clouds with ultrafast pulses
Creators: name: Removille, Sébastien
name: Dubessy, Romain
name: Glorieux, Quentin
name: Guibal, Samuel
name: Coudreau, Thomas
name: Guidoni, Luca
name: Likforman, Jean-Pierre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper reports on photoionisation loading based on ultrafast pulses of singly-ionised strontium ions in a linear Paul trap. We take advantage of an autoionising resonance of Sr neutral atoms to form Sr+ by two-photon absorption of femtosecond pulses at a wavelength of 431nm. We compare this technique to electron-bombardment ionisation and observe several advantages of photoionisation. It actually allows the loading of a pure Sr+ ion cloud in a low radio-frequency voltage amplitude regime. In these conditions up to 4x10^4 laser-cooled Sr+ ions were trapped.
Parameter estimation in some multivariate compound distributions
Creators: name: Smith, George E. J.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: During the past three decades or so there has been much work done concerning contagious probability distributions in an attempt to explain the behavior of certain types of biological populations. The distributions most widely discussed have been the Poisson-binomial, the Poisson Pascal or Poisson-negative binomial, and the Poisson-Poisson or Neyman Type A. Many generalizations of the above distributions have also been discussed. The purpose of this work is to discuss the multivariate analogues of the above three distributions, i.e. the Poisson-multinomial, Poisson-negative multinomial, and Poisson-multivariate Poisson, respectively. In chapter one the first of these distributions is discussed. Initially a biological model is suggested which leads us to a probability generating function. From this a recursion formula for the probabilities is found. Parameter estimation by the methods of moments and maximum likelihood is discussed in some detail and an approximation for the asymptotic efficiency of the former method is found. The latter method is asymptotically efficient. Finally sample zero and unit sample frequency estimators are briefly discussed. In chapter two, exactly the same procedure is followed for the Poisson-negative multinomial distribution. Many close similarities are obvious between the two distributions. The last chapter is devoted to a particular common limiting case of the first two distributions. This is the Poisson-multivariate Poisson. In this case the desired results are obtained by carefully considering appropriate limits in either of the previous two cases.
Magnetic-Field Tunable Intertwined Checkerboard Charge Order and Nematicity in the Surface Layer of Sr$_2$RuO$_4$
Creators: name: Marques, Carolina A.
name: Rhodes, Luke C.
name: Fittipaldi, Rosalba
name: Granata, Veronica
name: Yim, Chi Ming
name: Buzio, Renato
name: Gerbi, Andrea
name: Vecchione, Antonio
name: Rost, Andreas W.
name: Wahl, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In strongly correlated electron materials, the electronic, spin, and charge degrees of freedom are closely intertwined. This often leads to the stabilization of emergent orders that are highly sensitive to external physical stimuli promising opportunities for technological applications. In perovskite ruthenates, this sensitivity manifests in dramatic changes of the physical properties with subtle structural details of the RuO$_6$ octahedra, stabilizing enigmatic correlated ground states, from a hotly debated superconducting state via electronic nematicity and metamagnetic quantum criticality to ferromagnetism. Here, it is demonstrated that the rotation of the RuO$_6$ octahedra in the surface layer of Sr$_2$RuO$_4$ generates new emergent orders not observed in the bulk material. Through atomic-scale spectroscopic characterization of the low-energy electronic states, four van Hove singularities are identified in the vicinity of the Fermi energy. The singularities can be directly linked to intertwined nematic and checkerboard charge order. Tuning of one of these van Hove singularities by magnetic field is demonstrated, suggesting that the surface layer undergoes a Lifshitz transition at a magnetic field of ~32T. The results establish the surface layer of Sr$_2$RuO$_4$ as an exciting 2D correlated electron system and highlight the opportunities for engineering the low-energy electronic states in these systems.
description: 26 pages including supplementary material, replaced with published version
Negative conductances of Josephson junctions: Voltage fluctuations and energetics
Creators: name: Machura, L.
name: Kostur, M.
name: Talkner, P.
name: Hanggi, P.
name: Luczka, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a resistively and capacitively shunted Josephson junction, which is driven by a combination of time-periodic and constant currents. Our investigations concern three main problems: (A) The voltage fluctuations across the junction; (B) The quality of transport expressed in terms of the Péclet number; (C) The efficiency of energy transduction from external currents. These issues are discussed in different parameter regimes that lead to: (i) absolute negative conductance; (ii) negative differential conductance, and (iii) normal, Ohmic-like conductance. Conditions for optimal operation of the system are studied.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures, Presented at the "Frontiers of Quantum and Mesoscopic Thermodynamics", 28 July - 2 August 2008, Prague, Czech Republic
title: Kelp-urchin dynamics: stability and thresholds for phase shifts in Newfoundland and the Gulf of St. Lawrence
Creators: name: Provencher St-Pierre, Anne
Publisher: name: Memorial University of Newfoundland
Year: 2020

description: In eastern Canada, studies of kelp-urchin systems have been generally restricted to small spatial (few 100s m²) and temporal (<5 years) extents by the traditional scuba-based monitoring techniques employed. Investigation of the drivers of kelp distribution over multiple spatiotemporal scales (including broad spatial [<km²] and temporal [years] extents) and in regions poorly studied is key to assessing the stability of these systems and understanding regional specificities of kelp dynamics across eastern Canada. This thesis investigates the factors controlling kelp distribution and the stability of kelp-urchin systems in southeastern Newfoundland (SEN) and the northern Gulf of St. Lawrence (nGSL) over multiple spatiotemporal scales by applying traditional and novel techniques. In a scuba-based manipulative field experiment in SEN, no significant effect of urchin density was observed on the rate of kelp bed destruction from urchin grazing, suggesting that the minimal urchin density required to maintain destructive feeding on kelp beds may be equal to the lowest density tested (88 urchins·m⁻²) or lower. The suitability of remote sensing and geographic information system (GIS) approaches for mapping kelp in the nGSL was assessed by comparing three image classification methods applied to aerial and satellite imagery. Supervised classification of satellite imagery (89% accuracy) and visual classification of aerial imagery (90% accuracy) were the best methods. Visually classified imagery from the nGSL was used to compute spatial pattern metrics quantifying kelp distribution patterns. These metrics showed that kelp distribution is not uniform, as kelp patches exhibited considerable variation in size and geometric complexity. Kelp presence was negatively correlated with depth, urchin density, and exposure to waves. Investigation of kelp distribution patterns from imagery acquired in six years between 1983 and 2016 in the nGSL revealed an increase in kelp cover since 1999. Harsh oceanographic conditions in late winter and spring were correlated with decreased kelp cover and smaller, more numerous kelp patches. Kelp patches persisting through time were more frequent in shallow areas. Overall, this thesis increases knowledge of scale dependency in the drivers of kelp distribution in eastern Canada. It speaks to the importance of exploring multiple scales to understand, predict, and mitigate changes in in kelp-urchin systems.
Theoretical highlights of neutrino-nucleus interactions
Creators: name: Alvarez-Ruso, Luis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recent theoretical developments in the field of neutrino-nucleus interactions in the few-GeV region are reviewed based on the presentations made at the NuInt09 Workshop. The topics of electron scattering and its connections with neutrino interactions, neutrino induced quasielastic scattering and pion production (coherent and incoherent) are covered, with special emphasis on the challenges that arise in the comparison with new experimental data.
description: Plenary talk at NuFact09, Chicago, July 20-25, 2009
Hinge solitons in three-dimensional second-order topological insulators
Creators: name: Tao, Yu-Liang
name: Dai, Ning
name: Yang, Yan-Bin
name: Zeng, Qi-Bo
name: Xu, Yong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A second-order topological insulator in three dimensions refers to a topological insulator with gapless states localized on the hinges, which is a generalization of a traditional topological insulator with gapless states localized on the surfaces. Here we theoretically demonstrate the existence of stable solitons localized on the hinges of a second-order topological insulator in three dimensions when nonlinearity is involved. By means of systematic numerical study, we find that the soliton has strong localization in real space and propagates along the hinge unidirectionally without changing its shape. We further construct an electric network to simulate the second-order topological insulator. When a nonlinear inductor is appropriately involved, we find that the system can support a bright soliton for the voltage distribution demonstrated by stable time evolution of a voltage pulse.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures
Stochastic Activity Networks Templates: Supporting Variability in Performability Models
Creators: name: Montecchi, Leonardo
name: Lollini, Paolo
name: Bondavalli, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Formal Languages and Automata Theory (cs.FL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Model-based evaluation is extensively used to estimate performance and reliability of dependable systems. Traditionally, those systems were small and self-contained, and the main challenge for model-based evaluation has been the efficiency of the solution process. Recently, the problem of specifying and maintaining complex models has increasingly gained attention, as modern systems are characterized by many components and complex interactions. Components share similarities, but also exhibit variations in their behavior due to different configurations or roles in the system. From the modeling perspective, variations lead to replicating and altering a small set of base models multiple times. Variability is taken into account only informally, by defining a sample model and explaining its possible variations. In this paper we address the problem of including variability in performability models, focusing on Stochastic Activity Networks (SANs). We introduce the formal definition of Stochastic Activity Networks Templates (SAN-T), a formalism based on SANs with the addition of variability aspects. Differently from other approaches, parameters can also affect the structure of the model, like the number of cases of activities. We apply the SAN-T formalism to the modeling of the backbone network of an environmental monitoring infrastructure. In particular, we show how existing SAN models from the literature can be generalized using the newly introduced formalism.
Kinematic Analysis of Lunge Characteristics for Young, Healthy Subjects
Creators: name: Hinnekens, Simon
Publisher: name: University of Notre Dame
Year: 2023

description: Thanks to improvements in biomedical research, biomechanics now combines physiotherapy with models and simulations using motion capture systems. Among possible movements, the lunge motion is often studied as it is a common exercise for muscular training and rehabilitation in which the hip extensors are the dominant muscles. Long and deep lunges are of particular interest because they require greater hip motion in both front and rear legs. In this thesis, markerless motion capture data from 1200 young, healthy subjects are analyzed to investigate the kinematics of long and deep forward lunges. A 2-way ANOVA showed that body mass index (BMI), gender and/or the interaction of both parameters affect several variables. Long and deep lunges were analyzed for both legs with no significant difference between them for a same variable. Gender was a main factor for peak hip flexion angle, for peak contralateral hip extension angle and for peak knee valgus, with males having a higher peak hip flexion. This gender-related difference may be explained by the higher external femoral and internal pelvic rotations in females, due in part to the greater width of the female pelvis. The interaction of BMI and gender was significant for peak knee flexion angle as well as for peak hip flexion angle. Flexion in the lunge was greater for higher BMI, and the increase for males with increasing BMI was greater than for females. In addition to these variables commonly studied in lunges motion, gender differences were also highlighted in peak mid and lower torso flexion and trunk rotation angles.
Electronic spectroscopy of medium-sized polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: Implications for the carriers of the 2175 Å UV bump
Creators: name: Steglich, M.
name: Jäger, C.
name: Rouillé, G.
name: Huisken, F.
name: Mutschke, H.
name: Henning, Th.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Mixtures of polycylic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) have been produced by means of laser pyrolysis. The main fraction of the extracted PAHs were primarily medium-sized, up to a maximum size of 38 carbon atoms per molecule. The use of different extraction solvents and subsequent chromatographic fractionation provided mixtures of different size distributions. UV-VIS absorption spectra have been measured at low temperature by matrix isolation spectroscopy and at room temperature with PAHs as film-like deposits on transparent substrates. In accordance with semi-empirical calculations, our findings suggest that large PAHs with sizes around 50 to 60 carbon atoms per molecule could be responsible for the interstellar UV bump at 217.5 nm.
description: 6 pages, 4 Postscript figures, published in Astrophys. J. Lett. (2010)
Tautological classes of definite 4-manifolds
Creators: name: Baraglia, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C07, 57R22, 57K41

description: We prove a diagonalisation theorem for the tautological, or generalised Miller-Morita-Mumford classes of compact, smooth, simply-connected definite $4$-manifolds. Our result can be thought of as a families version of Donaldson's diagonalisation theorem. We prove our result using a families version of the Bauer-Furuta cohomotopy refinement of Seiberg-Witten theory. We use our main result to deduce various results concerning the tautological classes of such $4$-manifolds. In particular, we completely determine the tautological rings of $\mathbb{CP}^2$ and $\mathbb{CP}^2 \# \mathbb{CP}^2$. We also derive a series of linear relations in the tautological ring which are universal in the sense that they hold for all compact, smooth, simply-connected definite $4$-manifolds.
description: 46 pages, to appear in Geometry & Topology
Collective excitations in active solids featuring alignment interactions
Creators: name: Kinoshita, Yutaka
name: Uchida, Nariya
name: Menzel, Andreas M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With increasing emphasis on the study of active solids, the features of these classes of nonequilibrium systems and materials beyond their mere existence shift into focus. One concept of active solids addresses them as active, self-propelled units that are elastically linked to each other. The emergence of orientationally ordered, collectively moving states in such systems has been demonstrated. We here analyze the excitability of such collectively moving elastic states. To this end, we determine corresponding fluctuation spectra. They indicate that collectively excitable modes exist in the migrating solid. Differences arise when compared to those of corresponding passive solids. We provide evidence that the modes of excitation associated with the intrinsic fluctuations are related to corresponding modes of entropy production. Overall, we hope to stimulate by our investigation future experimental studies that focus on excitations in active solids.
Prime-localized Weinstein subdomains
Creators: name: Lazarev, Oleg
name: Sylvan, Zachary
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: For any high-dimensional Weinstein domain and finite collection of primes, we construct a Weinstein subdomain whose wrapped Fukaya category is a localization of the original wrapped Fukaya category away from the given primes. When the original domain is a cotangent bundle, these subdomains form a decreasing lattice whose order cannot be reversed. Furthermore, we classify the possible wrapped Fukaya categories of Weinstein subdomains of a cotangent bundle of a simply connected, spin manifold, showing that they all coincide with one of these prime localizations. In the process, we describe which twisted complexes in the wrapped Fukaya category of a cotangent bundle of a sphere are isomorphic to genuine Lagrangians.
description: 29 pages, comments welcome!
Embedded surfaces with infinite cyclic knot group
Creators: name: Conway, Anthony
name: Powell, Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57K40, 57K10, 57N35,

description: We study locally flat, compact, oriented surfaces in $4$-manifolds whose exteriors have infinite cyclic fundamental group. We give algebraic topological criteria for two such surfaces, with the same genus $g$, to be related by an ambient homeomorphism, and further criteria that imply they are ambiently isotopic. Along the way, we prove that certain pairs of topological $4$-manifolds with infinite cyclic fundamental group, homeomorphic boundaries, and equivalent equivariant intersection forms, are homeomorphic.
description: 57 pages, 5 figures. v2 fixes an error in the proof of Theorem 1.3. The issue in the proof Theorem 5.10 (now Theorem 5.11) has been corrected. v3 improves the introduction. v4 reorganises the later sections of the paper; new figures and applications have been added. v5: Added report number. v6: Fixed the definition of a trivial 1-handle stabilisation. To appear in Geometry & Topology
Stakeholder Influence on Sustainable Supply Chain Management: A Case Study of a German Apparel Frontrunner
Creators: name: Menke, Clara
name: Hüsemann, Malte
name: Siems, Erik
Publisher: name: Universität Kassel
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: sustainable supply chain management (SSCM)
subject: stakeholder roles
subject: collaboration
subject: stakeholder engagement
subject: sustainability practices
subject: apparel industry
subject: case study
subject: 330
subject: Nachhaltigkeit
subject: Supply Chain Management
subject: Stakeholder
subject: Kooperation
subject: Engagement
subject: Bekleidungsindustrie
subject: Otto Group
subject: Fallstudie

description: Gefördert durch den Publikationsfonds der Universität Kassel
Test of Lorentz invariance with spin precession of ultracold neutrons
Creators: name: Altarev, I.
name: Baker, C. A.
name: Ban, G.
name: Bison, G.
name: Bodek, K.
name: Daum, M.
name: Fierlinger, P.
name: Geltenbort, P.
name: Green, K.
name: van der Grinten, M. G. D.
name: Gutsmiedl, E.
name: Harris, P. G.
name: Heil, W.
name: Henneck, R.
name: Horras, M.
name: Iaydjiev, P.
name: Ivanov, S. N.
name: Khomutov, N.
name: Kirch, K.
name: Kistryn, S.
name: Knecht, A.
name: Knowles, P.
name: Kozela, A.
name: Kuchler, F.
name: Kuźniak, M.
name: Lauer, T.
name: Lauss, B.
name: Lefort, T.
name: Mtchedlishvili, A.
name: Naviliat-Cuncic, O.
name: Pazgalev, A.
name: Pendlebury, J. M.
name: Petzoldt, G.
name: Pierre, E.
name: Pignol, G.
name: Quéméner, G.
name: Rebetez, M.
name: Rebreyend, D.
name: Roccia, S.
name: Rogel, G.
name: Severijns, N.
name: Shiers, D.
name: Sobolev, Yu.
name: Weis, A.
name: Zejma, J.
name: Zsigmond, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A clock comparison experiment, analyzing the ratio of spin precession frequencies of stored ultracold neutrons and $^{199}$Hg atoms is reported. %57 No daily variation of this ratio could be found, from which is set an upper limit on the Lorentz invariance violating cosmic anisotropy field $b_{\bot} < 2 \times 10^{-20} {\rm eV}$ (95% C.L.). This is the first limit for the free neutron. This result is also interpreted as a direct limit on the gravitational dipole moment of the neutron $|g_n| < 0.3 $eV/$c^2$ m from a spin-dependent interaction with the Sun. Analyzing the gravitational interaction with the Earth, based on previous data, yields a more stringent limit $|g_n| < 3 \times 10^{-4} $eV/$c^2 $m.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. Lett
A rule of thumb for riffle shuffling
Creators: name: Assaf, Sami
name: Diaconis, Persi
name: Soundararajan, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60B15, 60C05

description: We study how many riffle shuffles are required to mix n cards if only certain features of the deck are of interest, e.g. suits disregarded or only the colors of interest. For these features, the number of shuffles drops from 3/2 log_2(n) to log_2(n). We derive closed formulae and an asymptotic `rule of thumb' formula which is remarkably accurate.
description: 27 pages, 5 tables
Radicals in near-rings
Creators: name: Thompson, Charles Jeffrey James
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: An algebraic system which satisfies all the ring axioms with the possible exceptions of commutativity of addition and the right distributive law is called a near-ring. This thesis is intended as a survey of radicals in near-rings, and an organization of the theory which has been developed to date. Because of the absence of the right distributive law, the zero element of a near-ring need not annihilate the near-ring from the left. If we impose the condition that 0 • p = 0 for all elements p of a near-ring P, then we call P a C-ring. This condition is ensured if we demand that the near-ring P be generated, as an additive group, by a set S of elements of P such that (P₁+ P₂)s = P₁s + P₂S for all P₁, P₂ in P, and s in S. In this case, P is said to be distributively generated by S. The work is divided into three main sections; the first deals with general near-rings, the second with C-rings, and the third with distributively generated near-rings. Appendix I gives a proof of a vital result for distributively generated near-rings, due to Laxton [11]; appendix II introduces a little used radical due to Deskins [6]; appendix III is included as a concrete example of a near-ring and its theory, due to Berman and Silverman [2].
Orange peel waste as a reinforcing material for plasticised PVC
Creators: name: I.Al-Mosawi, Ali
name: Abdulsada, Shaymaa Abbas
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 91202 Composite and Hybrid Materials
subject: FOS: Materials engineering

description: Orange peel waste has been added to plasticized PVC with different quantities and measured these additives' effect on the tensile strength of PVC. The FTIR analysis showed many effective groups in the structure orange peel microparticles that provide the best combination of the PVC and these particles. And according to the active groups found in orange peel, the tensile test results showed an improved tensile strength of plasticized PVC with 1 and 2 wt.% orange peel microparticles. Still, they decreased when the addition increased to 3 wt.%.
Pairwise Compatibility for 2-Simple Minded Collections II: Preprojective Algebras and Semibrick Pairs of Full Rank
Creators: name: Barnard, Emily
name: Hanson, Eric J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 16G20, 05E15

description: Let $Λ$ be a finite-dimensional associative algebra over a field. A semibrick pair is a finite set of $Λ$-modules for which certain Hom- and Ext-sets vanish. A semibrick pair is completable if it can be enlarged so that a generating condition is satisfied. We prove that if $Λ$ is $τ$-tilting finite with at most 3 simple modules, then the completability of a semibrick pair can be characterized using conditions on pairs of modules. We then use the weak order to construct a combinatorial model for the semibrick pairs of preprojective algebras of type $A_n$. From this model, we deduce that any semibrick pair of size $n$ satisfies the generating condition, and that the dimension vectors of any semibrick pair form a subset of the column vectors of some $c$-matrix. Finally, we show that no "pairwise" criteria for completability exists for preprojective algebras of Dynkin diagrams with more than 3 vertices.
description: v3: final version. v2: Added motivation section with applications of the pairwise 2-simple minded completability property, expanded Sections 6-7 (formerly Section 5) to emphasize the relationship with the weak order and establish a bijection between 2-colored noncrossing arc diagrams and semibrick pairs, 40 pages, 11 figures
On the notion of coexistence in quantum mechanics
Creators: name: Busch, P.
name: Kiukas, J.
name: Lahti, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The notion coexistence of quantum observables was introduced to describe the possibility of measuring two or more observables together. Here we survey the various different formalisations of this notion and their connections. We review examples illustrating the necessary degrees of unsharpness for two noncommuting observables to be jointly measurable (in one sense of the phrase). We demonstrate the possibility of measuring together (in another sense of the phrase) noncoexistent observables. This leads us to a reconsideration of the connection between joint measurability and noncommutativity of observables and of the statistical and individual aspects of quantum measurements.