cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Eigenvalues and Eigenfunctions of the Scalar Laplace Operator on Calabi-Yau Manifolds
Creators: name: Braun, Volker
name: Brelidze, Tamaz
name: Douglas, Michael R.
name: Ovrut, Burt A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A numerical algorithm for explicitly computing the spectrum of the Laplace-Beltrami operator on Calabi-Yau threefolds is presented. The requisite Ricci-flat metrics are calculated using a method introduced in previous papers. To illustrate our algorithm, the eigenvalues and eigenfunctions of the Laplacian are computed numerically on two different quintic hypersurfaces, some Z_5 x Z_5 quotients of quintics, and the Calabi-Yau threefold with Z_3 x Z_3 fundamental group of the heterotic standard model. The multiplicities of the eigenvalues are explained in detail in terms of the irreducible representations of the finite isometry groups of the threefolds.
description: 67 pages, 16 figures, 9 tables. v2: References added
Limit behaviour of Eringen's two-phase elastic beams
Creators: name: Vaccaro, Marzia Sara
name: Pinnola, Francesco Paolo
name: de Sciarra, Francesco Marotti
name: Barretta, Raffaele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, the bending behaviour of small-scale Bernoulli-Euler beams is investigated by Eringen's two-phase local/nonlocal theory of elasticity. Bending moments are expressed in terms of elastic curvatures by a convex combination of local and nonlocal contributions, that is a combination with non-negative scalar coefficients summing to unity. The nonlocal contribution is the convolution integral of the elastic curvature field with a suitable averaging kernel characterized by a scale parameter. The relevant structural problem, well-posed for non-vanishing local phases, is preliminarily formulated and exact elastic solutions of some simple beam problems are recalled. Limit behaviours of the obtained elastic solutions, analytically evaluated, studied and diagrammed, do not fulfill equilibrium requirements and kinematic boundary conditions. Accordingly, unlike alleged claims in literature, such asymptotic fields cannot be assumed as solutions of the purely nonlocal theory of beam elasticity. This conclusion agrees with the known result which the elastic equilibrium problem of beams of engineering interest formulated by Eringen's purely nonlocal theory admits no solution.
The X-ray luminosity of solar-mass stars in the intermediate age open cluster NGC 752
Creators: name: Giardino, G.
name: Pillitteri, I.
name: Favata, F.
name: Micela, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: AIMS. While observational evidence shows that most of the decline in a star's X-ray activity occurs between the age of the Hyades (~8 x 10^8 yrs) and that of the Sun, very little is known about the evolution of stellar activity between these ages. To gain information on the typical level of coronal activity at a star's intermediate age, we studied the X-ray emission from stars in the 1.9 Gyr old open cluster NGC 752. METHODS. We analysed a ~140 ks Chandra observation of NGC 752 and a ~50 ks XMM-Newton observation of the same cluster. We detected 262 X-ray sources in the Chandra data and 145 sources in the XMM-Newton observation. Around 90% of the catalogued cluster members within Chandra's field-of-view are detected in the X-ray. The X-ray luminosity of all observed cluster members (28 stars) and of 11 cluster member candidates was derived. RESULTS. Our data indicate that, at an age of 1.9 Gyr, the typical X-ray luminosity of the cluster members with M=0.8-1.2 Msun is Lx = 1.3 x 10^28 erg s^-1, so approximately a factor of 6 less intense than that observed in the younger Hyades. Given that Lx is proportional to the square of a star's rotational rate, the median Lx of NGC 752 is consistent, for t > 1 Gyr, to a decaying rate in rotational velocities v_rot ~ t^-alpha with alpha ~ 0.75, steeper than the Skumanich relation (alpha ~ 0.5) and significantly steeper than observed between the Pleiades and the Hyades (where alpha < 0.3), suggesting that a change in the rotational regimes of the stellar interiors is taking place at t ~ 1 Gyr.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A (13 pages, 8 figures)
Moniligaster deshayesi Perrier 1872
Creators: name: Blakemore, Robert
name: Kupriyanova, Elena
name: Grygier, Mark
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Annelida
Clitellata
Haplotaxida
Moniligastridae
Moniligaster
Moniligaster deshayesi

description: Type-species: Moniligaster deshayesi Perrier, 1872 from Sri Lanka. Family diagnosis: (from Michaelsen 1900: 109; Stephenson 1923: 116; Gates 1962: 299, 1972: 238; Blakemore 2008a): Setae lumbricine. Prostomium prolobous. Male pores one or two pairs (on 10 or in 10/11 or 11/12 and 12/13) behind spermathecal pores (in 7/8 and/or 8/9) and in front of female pores (in 11/12 or near 12/13 or 13/14). Testis and male funnels intraseptal in sacs. Gizzards multiple (e.g. 2–12 in region of segments 11–34) behind ovarian segment. Nephridia holoic. Clitellum unilayered (one cell thick). Ova macrolecithal (i.e., with large yolk-particles). Spermathecae with long tubular ducts. Last hearts in segment 9. Distribution: Southeastern and eastern Asia, from Sri Lanka to eastern Siberia, also Korea, Japan, the Philippines, Borneo and Sumatra. Several species of Drawida have been reported outside the generic range, some of these later synonymized, but most moniligastrids are probably confined to their areas of origin in the Indo-Asian region (Gates 1972).
description: Published as part of Blakemore, Robert, Kupriyanova, Elena & Grygier, Mark, 2010, Neotypification of Drawida hattamimizu Hatai, 1930 (Annelida, Oligochaeta, Megadrili, Moniligastridae) as a model linking mtDNA (COI) sequences to an earthworm type, with a response to the ' Can of Worms' theory of cryptic species, pp. 1-29 in ZooKeys 41 (4) on page 5, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.41.374, http://zenodo.org/record/576648
description: {"references": ["Michaelsen W (1900) Das Tierreich Vol. 10: Vermes, Oligochaeta. Friedlander & Sohn, Berlin, XXIX + 575 pp.", "Stephenson J (1923) Th e fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Oligochaeta. Taylor & Francis, London, 518 pp.", "Gates GE (1962) On some Burmese earthworms of the moniligastrid genus Drawida. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard 127: 297 - 373.", "Gates GE (1972) Burmese Earthworms, an introduction to the systematics and biology of Megadrile oligochaetes with special reference to South-East Asia. Transactions of the American Philosophical Society 62 (7): 1 - 326.", "Blakemore RJ (2008 a) Cosmopolitan earthworms - an Eco-Taxonomic Guide to the Species (3 rd Edition). VermEcology, Yokohama, Japan, 757 pp."]}
Narrow bandwidth interference filter-stabilized diode laser systems for the manipulation of neutral atoms
Creators: name: Gilowski, M.
name: Schubert, Ch.
name: Zaiser, M.
name: Herr, W.
name: Wübbena, T.
name: Wendrich, T.
name: Müller, T.
name: Rasel, E. M.
name: Ertmer, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present and investigate different external cavity diode laser (ECDL) configurations for the manipulation of neutrals atoms, wavelength-stabilized by a narrow-band high transmission interference filter. A novel diode laser, providing high output power of more than 1 W, with a linewidth of less than 200 kHz, based on a self-seeded tapered amplifier chip has been developed. Additionally, we compare the optical and spectral properties of two laser systems based on common laser diodes, differing in their coating, as well as one, based on a distributed-feedback (DFB) diode. The linear cavity setup in all these systems combines a robust and compact design with a high wavelength tunability and an improved stability of the optical feedback compared to diode laser setups using diffraction gratings for wavelength discrimination.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures, 1 table
Evolutionary Catastrophes and the Goldilocks Problem
Creators: name: Cirkovic, Milan M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: One of the mainstays of the controversial "rare Earth" hypothesis is the "Goldilocks problem" regarding various parameters describing a habitable planet, partially involving the role of mass extinctions and other catastrophic processes in biological evolution. Usually, this is construed as support for the uniqueness of the Earth's biosphere and intelligent human life. Here I argue that this is a misconstrual and that, on the contrary, observation-selection effects, when applied to catastrophic processes, make it very difficult for us to discern whether the terrestrial biosphere and evolutionary processes which created it are exceptional in the Milky Way or not. In particular, an anthropic overconfidence bias related to the temporal asymmetry of evolutionary processes appears when we try to straightforwardly estimate catastrophic risks from the past records on Earth. This agnosticism, in turn, supports the validity and significance of practical astrobiological and SETI research.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures, International Journal of Astrobiology, accepted for publication
Landouria davini Dharma 2015
Creators: name: Nurinsiyah, Ayu Savitri
name: Neiber, Marco T.
name: Hausdorf, Bernhard
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Gastropoda
Stylommatophora
Camaenidae
Landouria
Landouria davini

description: Landouria davini Dharma, 2015
Figs 55, 87; Tables 3–4
Landouria davini Dharma, 2015: 9, figs 5–7 (“Pancuran Tujuh, Baturraden, Mt. Slamet, Central Jawa, 720 m alt.”).
Diagnosis
Landouria davini is characterized by a depressed conical, whitish shell with one brown band above and one below the angular periphery.
Material examined
Holotype
INDONESIA • holotype; Central Java, Baturraden, Pancuran Tujuh, Gunung Slamet; 7°18′36″ S, 109°13′05″ E; 720 m a.s.l.; MZB 17063.
Paratypes
INDONESIA – Central Java • 1 spec.; Pondok Pakis, Bojong Tegal, Gunung Slamet; 7°11′56″ S, 109°11′56″ E; 2200 m a.s.l.; BDJ • 1 spec.; Pondok Buncis, Bojong Tegal, Gunung Slamet; 7°13′04″ S, 109°12′00″ E; 1600 m a.s.l.; MZB 17066 • 3 spec.; same data as for holotype; MZB 17064 • 3 spec.; same data as for holotype; SMF 341605 • 3 spec.; same data as for holotype; RMNH 329337 • 3 spec.; same data as for holotype; BDJ • 1 spec.; Baturraden, Perhutani, Gunung Slamet; 7°18′ S, 109°14′ E; 800 m a.s.l.; MZB 17065.
Other material
INDONESIA • 1 spec.; Central Java, Gunung Slamet; MZB 15425.
Description
SHELL (Fig. 87; Tables 3–4). Depressed conical, with 5–5.5 slightly convex whorls; protoconch almost smooth; teleoconch with fine, irregular wrinkles; apical side with indistinct incised spiral lines, umbilical side with more distinct spiral lines; scaly processes not observed; tuberculate around umbilicus; whitish- corneous with one reddish-brown band or a broader brownish zone above and one below periphery; body whorl angular; aperture oval; upper insertion of peristome slightly descending; peristome expanded, reflexed and slightly thickened; umbilicus slightly eccentric, moderately wide, comprising 29% of shell diameter, hardly obscured by columellar edge.
GENITALIA. Unknown.
Distribution
Landouria davini is endemic to Gunung Slamet (800–2200 m a.s.l.) in Central Java (Fig. 55).
description: Published as part of Nurinsiyah, Ayu Savitri, Neiber, Marco T. & Hausdorf, Bernhard, 2019, Revision of the land snail genus Landouria Godwin-Austen, 1918 (Gastropoda, Camaenidae) from Java, pp. 1-73 in European Journal of Taxonomy 526 on pages 65-66, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2019.526, http://zenodo.org/record/3152217
Codes on hypergraphs
Creators: name: Barg, Alexander
name: Mazumdar, Arya
name: Zémor, Gilles
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Codes on hypergraphs are an extension of the well-studied family of codes on bipartite graphs. Bilu and Hoory (2004) constructed an explicit family of codes on regular t-partite hypergraphs whose minimum distance improves earlier estimates of the distance of bipartite-graph codes. They also suggested a decoding algorithm for such codes and estimated its error-correcting capability. In this paper we study two aspects of hypergraph codes. First, we compute the weight enumerators of several ensembles of such codes, establishing conditions under which they attain the Gilbert-Varshamov bound and deriving estimates of their distance. In particular, we show that this bound is attained by codes constructed on a fixed bipartite graph with a large spectral gap. We also suggest a new decoding algorithm of hypergraph codes that corrects a constant fraction of errors, improving upon the algorithm of Bilu and Hoory.
description: 16 pages
Local systems with quasi-unipotent monodromy at infinity are dense
Creators: name: Esnault, Hélène
name: Kerz, Moritz
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: complex local systems
subject: quasi-unipotent monodromy at infinity
subject: Zariski dense
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::510 Mathematik::510 Mathematik

description: We show that complex local systems with quasi-unipotent monodromy at infinity over a normal complex variety are Zariski dense in their moduli.
Kinetics of nucleation and growth in a eutectoid plain carbon steel
Creators: name: Kuban, Mehmet Baha
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: An accurate prediction of the continuous cooling transformation (CCT) history of steels, obtained using isothermal transformation data has been of considerable academic and industrial importance for many years. The Additivity Principle, which is required to permit this calculation, has been defined but in general not completely satisfied. In this thesis the kinetics of nucleation and growth of the austenite-to-pearlite transformation in eutectoid, plain-carbon steels have been measured with the aim of clarifying the limits of applicability of this additivity principle. As a result, a new satisfactory condition, termed "effective site saturation", is proposed. The pearlite nucleation and growth rates were obtained for a range of austenite grain sizes and transformation temperatures. This data has also been used to develop a grain size parameter which could be included in the empirical transformation equation. The significance of the measured grain size exponent, 'm', in terms of the operational pearlite nucleation sites has been examined. The relationship between the thermal history of the austenite phase and the resulting austenite grain size has also been examined. The applicability of an available empirical expression for predicting the austenite grain size as a function of peak temperature and time at temperature has been confirmed.
Modelling the SEDs of spiral galaxies
Creators: name: Popescu, Cristina C.
name: Tuffs, Richard J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Modelling the UV/optical - infrared/submm SEDs of spiral galaxies observed with Herschel will be an essential tool to quantitatively interpret these observations in terms of the present and past star-formation activity of these systems. In this lecture we describe the SED modelling technique we have developed, its applications and tests of its predictions. We show that both the panchromatic SED modelling of individual galaxies and the B-band attenuation-inclination relation of large statistical samples suggest that spiral galaxies in the nearby Universe behave as optically thick systems in their global properties and large-scale distribution of light (central face-on B-band opacity of approx. 4). However disk galaxies are very inhomogeneous systems, having both optically thick components (e.g. spiral arms), and optically thin components (e.g. the interarm regions), the latter making galaxies transparent to background galaxies.
description: invited lecture; to appear in Proceedings of the lectures given at the Les Houche Winter School "Astronomy in the submillimeter and far infrared domains with the Herschel Space Observatory"
Der Einfluss superparamagnetischer Nanopartikel auf die neuronale Regeneration
Creators: name: Glumm, Jana
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Regeneration
subject: Nanoparticles
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Das zentrale Nervensystem (ZNS) ist ein stark spezialisiertes Organ mit hochgradig differenziertem neuronalem Gewebe aus schlecht regenerationsfähigen, postmitotischen Zellen. Die Anzahl vorhandener Stammzellen ist gering und auf den Gyrus dentatus sowie die subventrikuläre Zone zur Regeneration von olfaktorischen Neuronen beschränkt (Bjorklund & Lindvall, 2000). Die traumatische Rückenmarkläsion ist, wie andere Läsionen im ZNS, gekennzeichnet durch einen primären, sofortigen, irreversiblen Verlust von Zellen und Nervenfasern im Bereich der Läsionszone. Stunden später kommt es zu einem sekundär auftretenden Zelltod umliegender Areale, welcher den primären Zelltod bei weitem übertrifft und für den zu erwartenden Funktionsverlust viel schwerwiegender ist (Bechmann et al., 2005). Wir wissen, dass neuronales Wachstum und Regeneration ein komplexes Zusammenspiel von intra- und extrazellulären Molekülen wie Wachstumsfaktoren, Neurotransmittern und extrazellulärer Matrix (ECM) Proteine benötigt (O ́Donnell et al., 2009). Obwohl unser Wissen bezüglich der zugrunde liegenden Mechanismen ständig zunimmt, gibt es immer noch keine effektive Therapie nach einer Querschnittslähmung (Filli & Schwab, 2012), weder um durchtrennte Bahnen wieder herzustellen, die entstehende Narbe zu hemmen oder den sekundär auftretenden Schaden zu minimieren, welcher prinzipiell reversibel sein sollte (Peng et al., 2009). Ein durchtrennter kortikospinaler Trakt im Rückenmark (RM) resultiert in der Querschnittlähmung des Patienten mit all seinen psychologischen, ökonomischen und lebensverändernden Folgen.
Qubit State Discrimination using Post-measurement Information
Creators: name: Ha, Donghoon
name: Kim, Jeong San
name: Kwon, Younghun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the optimal discrimination of nonorthogonal qubit states with post-measurement information and provide an analytic structure of the optimal measurements. We also show that there is always a null optimal measurement when post-measurement information is given. Further, in discriminating four states using post-measurement information, we analytically provide the optimal probability of correct guessing and show that the uniqueness of optimal measurement is equivalent to the non-existence of non-null optimal measurement with post-measurement information.
description: 18 pages, 2 figures, published version
Non-linear elasticity effects and stratification in brushes of branched polyelectrolytes
Creators: name: Lebedeva, Inna O.
name: Shavykin, Oleg V.
name: Neelov, Igor M.
name: Zhulina, Ekaterina B.
name: Leermakers, Frans A. M.
name: Borisov, Oleg V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Brushes formed by arm-tethered starlike polyelectrolytes may exhibit internal segregation into weakly and strongly extended populations (stratified two-layer structure) when strong ionic intermolecular repulsions induce stretching of the tethers up to the limit of their extensibility. We propose an approximate Poisson-Boltzmann theory for analysis of the structure of the stratified brush and compare it with results of numerical self-consistent field modelling. Both analytical and numerical models point to formation of a narrow cloud of counterions (internal double electrical layer) localized inside stratified brush at the boundary between the layers.
description: 21 pages, 9 figures, published in The Journal of Chemical Physics
MOST photometry and DDO spectroscopy of the eclipsing (white dwarf + red dwarf) binary V471 Tau
Creators: name: Kaminski, Krzysztof Z.
name: Rucinski, Slavek M.
name: Matthews, Jaymie M.
name: Kuschnig, Rainer
name: Rowe, Jason F.
name: Guenther, David B.
name: Moffat, Anthony F. J.
name: Sasselov, Dimitar
name: Walker, Gordon A. H.
name: Weiss, Werner W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Hyades K2V+WD system 471 Tau is a prototype post-common envelope system and a likely cataclysmic binary progenitor. We present 10 days of nearly continuous optical photometry by the MOST (Microvariability & Oscillations of STars) satellite and partly simultaneous optical spectroscopy from DDO (David Dunlap Observatory) of the binary. The photometric data indicate that the spot coverage of the K dwarf component was less than observed in the past, suggesting that we monitored the star close to a minimum in its activity cycle. Despite the low spot activity, we still detected seven flare-like events whose estimated energies are among the highest ever observed in V471 Tau and whose times of occurrence do not correlate with the binary orbital phase. A detailed O-C analysis of the times of eclipse over the last ~35 years reveals timing variations which could be explained in several ways, including perturbations by an as-yet-undetected third body in the system or by a small orbital eccentricity inducing slow apsidal motion. The DDO spectra result in improved determinations of the K dwarf projected rotation velocity, V_K sin i = 92 km s^-1, and the orbital amplitude, K_K=150.5 km s^-1. The spectra also allow us to measure changes in H_alpha emission strength and radial velocity (RV) variations. We measure a larger H_alpha velocity amplitude than found previously suggesting that the source of the emission in V471 Tau was less concentrated around the sub-white-dwarf point on the K star than had been observed in previous studies.
description: accepted for publication in AJ
Two-Loop Electroweak NLL Corrections: from Massless to Massive Fermions
Creators: name: Jantzen, Bernd
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently the two-loop next-to-leading logarithmic (NLL) virtual corrections to arbitrary processes with massless external fermions have been calculated. Within the spontaneously broken electroweak theory the one- and two-loop mass singularities have been derived to NLL accuracy and expressed as universal correction factors depending only on the quantum numbers of the external particles. This talk summarizes the results for massless fermionic processes and presents new aspects arising in the extension of the corresponding loop calculations to massive external fermions. As a preliminary result, the Abelian form factor for massive fermions is given.
description: 6 pages, proceedings for the LCWS/ILC 2007 workshop at DESY, Hamburg, Germany
Stress-driven two-phase integral elasticity for Timoshenko curved beams
Creators: name: Vaccaro, Marzia Sara
name: Pinnola, Francesco Paolo
name: de Sciarra, Francesco Marotti
name: Canadija, Marko
name: Barretta, Raffaele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this research, the size-dependent static behaviour of elastic curved stubby beams is investigated by Timoshenko kinematics. Stress-driven two-phase integral elasticity is adopted to model size effects which soften or stiffen classical local responses. The corresponding governing equations of nonlocal elasticity are established and discussed, non-classical boundary conditions are detected and an effective coordinate-free solution procedure is proposed. The presented mixture approach is elucidated by solving simple curved small-scale beams of current interest in Nanotechnology. The contributed results could be useful for design and optimization of modern sensors and actuators.
Gender Differences In Language Use: An Analysis Of Simin Daneshvar’s Savashun
Creators: name: Amel Zendedel, Akram
name: Ebrahimi, Shima
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 470405
subject: Discourse and pragmatics

description: Language is an inherently social phenomenon which provides insights into how men and women‟s language use can affect their social worlds. Their meaningful words reflect differences in the way they think about the world. Men‟s and women‟s language use are considerably different in some languages, for example different pronunciations of certain speech sounds or grammar structures. The inquiry into the relationship between gender and language and the existing differences in the way men and women use language have been a major focus of interest since long ago. In this research, gender differences of language use in Persian society were examined in an Iranian social novel named Savushun by Simin Daneshvar. The study was conducted on the basis of eight differences put forward by Robert Lawrence Trask which were proposed in his Language the Basics in 1995. Examining Simin daneshvar‟s Savushun demonstrates that men‟s and women‟s language use differ from each other in accordance with most of the differences mentioned by Lawrence. In addition, some of the novel gender differences such as promising, praying and cursing are transparently evident in this novel which have roots in Iranian culture and religion and can be regarded as a new category.
Spacetime Entanglement Entropy of de Sitter and Black Hole Horizons
Creators: name: Mathur, Abhishek
name: Surya, Sumati
name: X, Nomaan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate Sorkin's manifestly covariant entanglement entropy $\mathcal{S}$ for a massive and massless minimally coupled free Gaussian scalar field for the de Sitter horizon and Schwarzschild de Sitter horizons respectively in $d > 2$. In de Sitter spacetime we restrict the Bunch-Davies vacuum in the conformal patch to the static patch to obtain a mixed state. The finiteness of the spatial $\mathcal{L}^2$ norm in the static patch implies that $\mathcal{S}$ is well defined for each mode. We find that $\mathcal{S}$ for this mixed state is independent of the effective mass of the scalar field, and matches that of Higuchi and Yamamoto, where, a spatial density matrix was used to calculate the horizon entanglement entropy. Using a cut-off in the angular modes we show that $\mathcal{S} \propto A_{c}$, where $A_c$ is the area of the de Sitter cosmological horizon. Our analysis can be carried over to the black hole and cosmological horizon in Schwarzschild de Sitter spacetime, which also has finite spatial $\mathcal{L}^2$ norm in the static regions. Although the explicit form of the modes is not known in this case, we use appropriate boundary conditions for a massless minimally coupled scalar field to find the mode-wise $\mathcal{S}_{b,c}$, where $b,c$ denote the black hole and de Sitter cosmological horizons, respectively. As in the de Sitter calculation we see that $\mathcal{S}_{b,c} \propto A_{b,c}$ after taking a cut-off in the angular modes.
description: 17 pages, 3 figures
title: Learned Lossy Image Compression for Volumetric Medical Data
Creators: name: Kotera, Jan
name: Wödlinger, Matthias Gerold
name: Keglevic, Manuel
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2023
Subjects: Learned Image Compression
Medical Image Data
Deep Learning

description: This work addresses the problem of lossy compression of volumetric images consisting of individual slices such as those produced by CT scans and MRI machines in medical imaging. We propose an extension of a single-image lossy compression method with an autoregressive context module to a sequential encoding of the volumetric slices. In particular, we remove the intra-slice autoregressive relation and instead condition the entropy model of the latent on the previous slice in the sequence. This modification alleviates the typical disadvantages of autoregressive contexts and leads to a significant increase in performance compared to encoding each slice independently. We test the proposed method on a dataset of diverse CT scan images in a setting with an emphasis on high-fidelity reconstruction required in medical imaging and show that it compares favorably against several established state-of-the-art codecs in both performance and runtime.
Efficient analysis and design of low-loss whispering-gallery-mode coupled resonator optical waveguide bends
Creators: name: Pishko, Svetlana V.
name: Sewell, Phillip
name: Benson, Trevor M.
name: Boriskina, Svetlana V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Waveguides composed of electromagnetically-coupled optical microcavities (coupled resonator optical waveguides or CROWs) can be used for light guiding, slowing and storage. In this paper, we present a two-dimensional analysis of finite-size straight and curved CROW sections based on a rigorous Muller boundary integral equations method. We study mechanisms of the coupling of whispering gallery (WG) modes and guiding light around bends in CROWs composed of both identical and size-mismatched microdisk resonators. Our accurate analysis reveals differences in WG modes coupling in the vicinity of bends in CROWs composed of optically-large and wavelength-scale microcavities. We propose and discuss possible ways to design low-loss CROW bends and to reduce bend losses. These include selecting specific bend angles depending on the azimuthal order of the WG mode and tuning the radius of the microdisk positioned at the CROW bend.
description: 8 pages with 10 figures (to appear in IEEE/OSA J. Lightwave Technology, 2007)
Influence of zonal flows on unstable drift modes in ETG turbulence
Creators: name: Lashkin, V. M.
name: Zaliznyak, Yu. A.
name: Yakimenko, A. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The linear instability of the electron temperature gradient (ETG) driven modes in the presence of zonal flows is investigated. Random and deterministic $cos$ - like profiles of the zonal flow are considered. It is shown that the presence of shearing by zonal flows can stabilize the linear instability of ETG drift modes.
Origin of the electrocatalytic activity in carbon nanotube fiber counter-electrodes for solar-energy conversion
Creators: name: Martínez-Muíño, Alba
name: Rana, Moumita
name: Vilatela, Juan J.
name: Costa, Rubén D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: However, their electrocatalytic activity is still poorly understood. This work deciphers the origin of the catalytic activity of counter-electrodes (CEs)/current collectors made of self-standing carbon nanotubes fibers (CNTfs) using Co$^(+2)$/Co$^(+3)$ redox couple electrolytes. This is based on comprehensive electrochemical and spectroscopic characterizations of fresh and used electrodes applied to symmetric electrochemical cells using platinum-based CEs as a reference. As the most relevant findings, two straight relationships were established: i) the limiting current and stability increase rapidly with surface concentration of oxygen-containing functional groups, and ii) the catalytic potential is inversily related to the amount of residual metallic Fe catalyst nanoparticles interspersed in the CNTf network. Finally, the fine tune of the metallic nanoparticle content and the degree of functionalization enabled fabrication of efficient and stable dye-sensitized solar cells with cobalt electrolytes and CNTf-CE outperforming those with reference Pt-CEs.
Inclusion morphology and fracture : toughness of pipeline steels
Creators: name: Maiti, Ranen
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The effect of increasing hot deformation on inclusion parameters such as area fraction (AF), the average inclusion length (Co), the inter-inclusion distance (D), the aspect ratio (FF) and the density of distributions (N);bas been quantitatively analysed by use of Quantimet 720, an image analysing computer and direct microstructural measurements. Two types of X-70 pipeline steel, one a semi-killed conventional (CON) steel, the other a fully killed and calcium treated for inclusion shape control (CAT) steel were examined in this research. Four stages of hot reduction of the CON steel viz. S2 (38% reduced), S3 (70% reduced), S4 (88% reduced) and S6 (97% reduced) and two stages of the CAT steel viz. CI (63% reduced) and C2 (95% reduced) were used in the investigation. The effect of inclusion parameters on the yield strength, total ductility and elastic and elastic-plastic fracture toughness of these materials were investigated to establish the role of inclusions in the ductile, ductile-brittle transition and brittle fracture processes. The elastic and elastic-plastic fracture toughness of the specimens were measured by KJC testing as per ASTM standard E-399-78a method and unloading compliance J-integral technique as per ASTM standard respectively. It was observed that the semi-killed CON steel containing elongated inclusions shows anisotropy in elastic-plastic fracture toughness; whereas the CAT steels with globular inclusions exhibited isotropic elastic-plastic fracture toughness. The inclusion parameters shape, size and distribution do not affect the yield strength of the X-70 steel. The inclusion parameters markedly affect the elastic-plastic fracture toughness properties of the X-70 CON steel, particularly in the ductile and transition temperature region where failure occurs by the mechanism of microvoid coalescence. The effect of inclusions on the elastic fracture toughness in the brittle temperature region, where fracture occurs by cleavage mechanism, is insignificant. The most significent inclusion parameters which affect the elastic-plastic fracture toughness in the ductile fracture regime are the area fraction AF and the inter-inclusion spacing (D). The elastic-plastic fracture toughness of the CON and CAT X-70 pipeline steel at RT has been correlated (i) with AF by the following relation: [figure 1]. (ii) with D by the following relation: [figure 2].
Thermal noise reduction in soliton microcombs via laser self-cooling
Creators: name: Lei, Fuchuan
name: Ye, Zhichao
name: Torres-Company, Victor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Thermal noise usually dominates the low-frequency region of the optical phase noise of soliton microcombs, leading to decoherence and limiting many aspects of applications. In this work, we demonstrate a simple and reliable way to mitigate this noise by laser cooling with the pump laser. The key is rendering the pump laser to simultaneously excite two neighboring cavity modes from different families that are respectively red and blue detuned, one for soliton generation and the other one for laser cooling.
Asymptotic estimation of some multiple integrals and the electromagnetic deuteron form factors at high momentum transfer
Creators: name: Krutov, A. F.
name: Troitsky, V. E.
name: Tsirova, N. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A theorem about asymptotic estimation of multiple integral of a special type is proved for the case when the integrand peaks at the integration domain bound, but not at a point of extremum. Using this theorem the asymptotic expansion of the electromagnetic deuteron form factors at high momentum transfers is obtained in the framework of two-nucleon model in both nonrelativistic and relativistic impulse approximations. It is found that relativistic effects slow down the decrease of deuteron form factors and result in agreement between the relativistic asymptotics and experimental data at high momentum transfers.
description: 16 pages, 1 figure
A Study of the Soft X-ray Emission Lines in NGC 4151 I. Kinematic Properties of the Plasma Wind
Creators: name: Grafton-Waters, S.
name: Ahmed, M.
name: Henson, S.
name: Hinds-Williams, F.
name: Ivanova, B
name: Marshall, E.
name: Udueni, H.
name: Theodorakis, D.
name: Dunn, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present our analysis of the narrow emission lines produced in the plasma regions within the bright active galactic nucleus of NGC 4151, from an ORBYTS research-with-schools public engagement project. Our goal was to test whether the properties of these plasma regions changed between XMM- Newton observations spanning 15 years from 2000 to 2015, by measuring the outflow velocities and distances. From this study, we found that NGC 4151 has at least two to three plasma regions. There is no evidence of the outflowing wind properties changing as the velocities and distances are consistent throughout the observations.
description: 1 Figure
Longitudinal impedance and wake from XFEL undulators. Impact on current-enhanced SASE schemes
Creators: name: Geloni, Gianluca
name: Saldin, Evgeni
name: Schneidmiller, Evgeni
name: Yurkov, Mikhail
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article we derive longitudinal impedance and wake function for an undulator setup with arbitrary undulator parameter, taking into account a finite transverse size of the electron bunch. Earlier studies considered a line density-distribution of electrons instead. We focus our attention on the long-wavelength asymptote (compared with resonance wavelength), at large distance of the electron bunch from the undulator entrance compared to the overtaking length, and for large vacuum-chamber size compared to the typical transverse size of the field. These restrictions define a parameter region of interest for practical applications. We calculate a closed expression for impedance and wake function that may be evaluated numerically in the most general case. Such expression allows us to derive an analytical solution for a Gaussian transverse and longitudinal bunch shape. Finally, we study the feasibility of current-enhanced SASE schemes (ESASE) recently proposed for LCLS, that fall well-within our approximations. Numerical estimations presented in this paper indicate that impedance-induced energy spread is sufficient to seriously degrade the FEL performance. Our conclusion is in contrast with results in literature, where wake calculations for the LCLS case are given in free-space, as if the presence of the undulator were negligible.
description: 44 pages, 2 figures
null Einfluss einer Enzyminduktion auf die Ammoniakentgiftung im Kolon nach Gabe von resistenter Stärke, gemessen anhand der Exkretion der Abbauprodukte von Lactose-[15N2]ureid
Creators: name: Tröndle, Anne-Sophie
Publisher: name: Universität Rostock
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences Medicine

description: Resistente Stärke (RS) wurde gesunden Erwachsenen verabreicht, um die entgiftungsfördernde Wirkung des Präbiotikums auf den Kolonmetabolismus zu beurteilen. Gemessen wurde anhand der Exkretion der Abbauprodukte der Tracersubstanz Lactose-[15N2]ureid (15N-LU). In 75 Tagen nahmen 25 Probanden zweimal 15 Tage lang RS mit den Hauptmahlzeiten zu sich. Am 13.,33.,53.,73. Tag wurde 15N-LU mit dem Frühstück verabreicht. Blutproben wurden genommen, Urin und Stuhl über einen definierten Zeitraum gesammelt.Zusätzlich wurde geprüft, inwieweit der Induktion mit unmarkiertem LU eine Bedeutung zukommt.
Phase diagram, extended domain walls, and soft collective modes in a three component fermionic superfluid
Creators: name: Catelani, G.
name: Yuzbashyan, E. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the phase diagram of a three-component Fermi gas with weak attractive interactions, which shows three superfluid and one normal phases. At weak symmetry breaking between the components the existence of domain walls interpolating between two superfluids introduces a new length scale much larger than the coherence length of each superfluid. This, in particular, limits the applicability of the local density approximation in the trapped case, which we also discuss. In the same regime the system hosts soft collective modes with a mass much smaller than the energy gaps of individual superfluids. We derive their dispersion relations at zero and finite temperatures and demonstrate that their presence leads to a significant enhancement of fluctuations near the superfluid-normal transitions.
description: 16+ pages, 6 figures. Published version
Protected Solid-State Qubits
Creators: name: Danon, Jeroen
name: Chatterjee, Anasua
name: Gyenis, András
name: Kuemmeth, Ferdinand
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The implementation of large-scale fault-tolerant quantum computers calls for the integration of millions of physical qubits, with error rates of physical qubits significantly below 1%. This outstanding engineering challenge may benefit from emerging qubits that are protected from dominating noise sources in the qubits' environment. In addition to different noise reduction techniques, protective approaches typically encode qubits in global or local decoherence-free subspaces, or in dynamical sweet spots of driven systems. We exemplify such protective qubits by reviewing the state-of-art in protected solid-state qubits based on semiconductors, superconductors, and hybrid devices.
Influence of the mean flow on zonal flow generation
Creators: name: Lashkin, V. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Excitation of zonal flow by the modulational instability in the presence of mean shear flow is considered. It is shown that the small amplitude mean flow favours the modulational instability, increasing the growth rate, whereas sufficiently strong mean shear significantly reduces the instability growth rate.
Bank transactions embeddings help to uncover current macroeconomics
Creators: name: Begicheva, Maria
name: Zaytsev, Alexey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Finance (q-fin.ST)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Macroeconomic indexes are of high importance for banks: many risk-control decisions utilize these indexes. A typical workflow of these indexes evaluation is costly and protracted, with a lag between the actual date and available index being a couple of months. Banks predict such indexes now using autoregressive models to make decisions in a rapidly changing environment. However, autoregressive models fail in complex scenarios related to appearances of crises. We propose to use clients' financial transactions data from a large Russian bank to get such indexes. Financial transactions are long, and a number of clients is huge, so we develop an efficient approach that allows fast and accurate estimation of macroeconomic indexes based on a stream of transactions consisting of millions of transactions. The approach uses a neural networks paradigm and a smart sampling scheme. The results show that our neural network approach outperforms the baseline method on hand-crafted features based on transactions. Calculated embeddings show the correlation between the client's transaction activity and bank macroeconomic indexes over time.
IGR J17098-3628: an X-ray Nova discovered by INTEGRAL
Creators: name: Grebenev, S. A.
name: Molkov, S. V.
name: Revnivtsev, M. G.
name: Sunyaev, R. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the discovery with INTEGRAL on March 24, 2005, and follow-up observations of the distant Galactic X-ray nova IGR J17098-3628.
description: 4 pages, Proceedings of the 6th INTEGRAL Workshop "The Obscured Universe" (July 2-8, 2006, Moscow), ESA SP-622
Computation of microcanonical entropy at fixed magnetization without direct counting
Creators: name: Campa, Alessandro
name: Gori, Giacomo
name: Hovhannisyan, Vahan
name: Ruffo, Stefano
name: Trombettoni, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss a method to compute the microcanonical entropy at fixed magnetization without direct counting. Our approach is based on the evaluation of a saddle-point leading to an optimization problem. The method is applied to a benchmark Ising model with simultaneous presence of mean-field and nearest-neighbour interactions for which direct counting is indeed possible, thus allowing a comparison. Moreover, we apply the method to an Ising model with mean-field, nearest-neighbour and next-nearest-neighbour interactions, for which direct counting is not straightforward. For this model, we compare the solution obtained by our method with the one obtained from the formula for the entropy in terms of all correlation functions. This example shows that for general couplings our method is much more convenient than direct counting methods to compute the microcanonical entropy at fixed magnetization.
description: 41 pages, 9 figures, in press in Journal of Statistical Physics