Blepharoneura punctistigma Norrbom &amp; Condon 2010, new species
Creators: name: Norrbom, Allen L.
name: Condon, Marty
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Tephritidae
Blepharoneura
Blepharoneura punctistigma

description: <i>Blepharoneura punctistigma</i> Norrbom &amp; Condon, new species Figs. 53–54, 181 <b>Diagnosis.</b> This species, <i>B. splendida</i>, <i>sinepuncta</i>, and <i>aspiculosa</i> differ from other <i>Blepharoneura</i> species in having the thoracic pleuron largely brown, the apical fourth or more of the hind femur dark brown, and the distal part of the wing with oblique bands. <i>B. punctistigma</i> is very similar to <i>B. aspiculosa</i>. It differs by aculeus shape (apex slightly shorter, gaps between lobes deeper) and the presence of medial scales; the hyaline subapical band usually constricted along vein R4+5; and cell dm often with 2 separate hyaline areas in the basal 3/4 (occasionally connected as in <i>B. aspiculosa</i>). These two species differ from <i>B. splendida</i> and <i>sinepuncta</i> by their markings in cell dm (subapical spot [#25] isolated and distal to posteromedial spot aligned with r-m [#24]) and the pterostigma (always with a subapical spot, which is absent in <i>B. sinepuncta</i> and usually absent in <i>B. splendida</i>). The aculeus tip is similar to that of <i>B. splendida</i>, but the gap between the lateral and sublateral lobes is shallower and more elongate (1.50–1.78 vs. 0.98–1.29 in <i>B. splendida</i>). <b>Description.</b> Head: Dark brown area on ocellar tubercle extended more than half distance to postocellar seta. Medial vertical seta in yellow area. Medial occipital sclerite with pair of pale brown to dark brown submedial vittae on ventral half. Occipital suture narrowly dark brown, on lateral side bordered by variably shaped brown area extending as band or triangular mark towards postocular setae, occasionally reaching eye margin or including lateral vertical seta (4 of 14 specimens). Thorax: Scutum entirely microtrichose, with 2 pairs of dark brown vittae or rows of spots; submedial vitta narrowed or interrupted posterior to transverse suture and usually separated from mark on posterior margin (connected in 3 of 14 specimens); sublateral vitta interrupted at transverse suture and narrowly separated from mark on posterior margin; posterior margin with 1 broad brown mark narrowed medially. Notopleuron entirely brown or often with small pale area surrounding posterior seta. Small brown spot anterior to postsutural supra-alar seta often absent or faint, sometimes connected along transverse suture to lateral vitta. Brown vitta anterior to postalar seta present. Brown spot lateral to dorsolateral corner of scutellum present. Scutellum with single inverted U-shaped or inverted mushroom shaped medial brown mark extended to basal margin. Subscutellum and mediotergite with pair of dark brown vittae, on ventral half of mediotergite extended to lateral margin or with separate narrow brown mark on margin. Pleuron mostly dark brown, yellow only on propleuron, anterior margin of anepisternum and broadly bordering phragma, all or most of katepimeron, greater ampulla, and margins of anepimeron, and dorsal margin of anatergite. Basalare with brown spot or entirely brown. Dorsocentral seta aligned with or slightly anterior or posterior to postalar seta. Legs: Mostly yellow. Mid femur sometimes with anteroventral and posteroventral brown marks on apical 1/5– 1/4. Hind femur with entire apical 1/4–2/5 dark brown. Wing (Figs. 53–54): Length 5.05–6.35 mm, width 2.60–3.17 mm, ratio 1.92–2.05. Crossvein r-m at 0.54– 0.59 distance from bm-cu to dm-cu. Cell c with 2 rectangular hyaline spots, both reaching costa and subcosta; medial brown area as dark as to distinctly paler than area of cell r1 posterior to pterostigma, sometimes paler medially, as broad as to distinctly narrower than both hyaline spots. Pterostigma with large subapical hyaline to pale brown spot [#3] reaching R1. Cell r1 basally (proximal to apex of R1) with 1 pale brown to hyaline spot posterior to apex of vein Sc and occasionally with second more distal spot; cell r2+3 basally with 0–1 spots. Radial cells medially with broad tapering basal marginal hyaline mark [#5 fused with additional spot?] in cell r1 and aligned spots in r2+3 [#8] and r4+5 [#14] (latter occasionally absent) forming acute triangular mark, extended at most midway across r4+5; cell r4+5 with hyaline spot [#15] near anterior end of dm-cu usually (except in 3 specimens) extending to vein M. Distally cell r1 rarely (Costa Rican and Xalapa, Mexico specimens) with marginal hyaline spot [#6], or posteriorly (4 specimens) with small spot near apex of band in cell r2+3. Cell r2+3 usually without marginal hyaline marks (1 Costa Rican, 2 Mexican specimens with tiny hyaline spot at apex of vein R2+3). Cell r4+5 with hyaline band from posteroapical margin, extending parallel to costa to or almost to vein R2+3, not extended into r1, usually constricted along vein R4+5, slightly to strongly tapering anteriorly, as broad as to much broader than marginal brown area. Cells m and r4+5 with inverted Vshaped hyaline mark [fusion of at least #26A, #26, #27, #29], extending to or almost to vein R4+5, both arms reaching margin in cell m. Cell br with subbasal hyaline spot [#12]. Cell bm usually with broad hyaline area [fused #19, #20] or with only medial or subapical circular hyaline spot [#20], occasionally with circular subbasal and subapical hyaline spots [#19, #20]. Cell bcu usually with hyaline spot in lobe. Anal lobe hyaline except brown area from apical part of lobe of cell bcu and base of vein A1+Cu2 crossing apex of vein A2, rarely (Xalapa &amp;female;) with small brown submarginal spot medially proximal to A2. Posteromedial part of wing with 2 broad hyaline bands, connected medially in cell cu1 and sometimes in cell dm (brown area between bands in cu1 frequently faint or pale), often forming somewhat H-shaped hyaline mark; cell br with subapical hyaline spot [#13], but without more proximal spot [#44]; cell dm with proximal hyaline band [fused #21, #22, sometimes #52? when broad posteriorly] aligned and usually connected with subapical hyaline spot [#13] in br, also aligned and connected with proximal hyaline mark in cell cu1 [#32] and usually (10 of 13 specimens) connected with posterior mark across vein A1+Cu2 [#34, #39]; cell dm posteromedially with broad hyaline area [#23, #24], sometimes connected to proximal band, aligned and connected with band in cell cu1 [fusion of at least #33, #36] to form band extending to wing margin; cell cu1 occasionally (2 specimens) also with small anterior proximal hyaline spot [#31] aligned with proximal margin of hyaline band in dm (which is broad posteriorly in those specimens); subapical marginal hyaline spot [#37] large, reaching vein Cu1.Cell dm with anteromedial subapical hyaline spot [#25] isolated and distal to distal part of proximal mark, usually extended to vein M. Abdomen: Syntergite 1+2 with pair of irregular posterolateral brown marks formed from fused submedial and sublateral spots and posterolateral band. Tergites 3–5 occasionally with isolated pair of submedial brown spots or less commonly also with pair of isolated sublateral brown spots or anterolateral brown spots, but usually with these spots connected or fused to posterolateral brown band to form irregular, sometimes somewhat W-shaped mark, separated medially, occasionally very broad laterally (without or with small anterior sublateral yellow area). Female terminalia: Oviscape entirely dark brown, length 0.85–1.25 mm. Aculeus (Fig. 181) 0.60–0.66 mm long, 1.88–2.10 times as long as wide, with acute scales dorsally and ventrally on membrane medially; tip angular basolaterally, short triangular (lobed part 0.41–0.45 times as long as wide), with small, convex medial lobe and 3 pairs of step-like lobes separated by relatively shallow gaps; sublateral lobe larger than submedial lobe; lateral gap 1.50–1.78 times as long as wide. Spermathecae subspherical, with straight to slightly convoluted, slender sclerotized neck and large cylindrical basal apodeme. Male terminalia: Medial surstylus with prensisetae subequal, separated by several times width of medial prensiseta, medial prensiseta on moderately long lobe, lateral prensiseta on short lobe. <b>Distribution.</b> Tropical Mexico (Chiapas, Veracruz), Guatemala, Costa Rica. Specimens for which elevation data were provided by the collectors were taken at 480 to 2300 m elevation. <b>Type data.</b> Holotype &amp;female; (USNM USNMENT00048684), COSTA RICA: San José: Empalme, 2 km W of, 2300 m, Jan 1995, P. Hanson. Paratypes: GUATEMALA: Baja Verapaz: Salama, Pantín - Santa Rosa road, 1700 m, 6m Malaise trap, 10–15 Jun 2007, J. Monzón &amp; F. Camposeco, 1&amp;female; (USNM USNMENT00654010). Guatemala: Amatitlán, 6 Aug 1965, P. J. Spangler, 1&amp;male; (USNM USNMENT00213880); Santa Catarina Pinula, Puerta Parada, Schuster property, 14.5564°N 90.4635°W, 1860 m, Malaise trap, 22–29 Sep 2007, J. C. Schuster, 2&amp;male; (UVG USNMENT00212041–42), 2&amp;male; (FSCA USNMENT00212043–44), 1&amp;male; 1&amp;female; (USNM USNMENT00212045–46). Suchitepéquez: Santa Barbara, Finca Panama, 1100 m, Malaise trap, 1–8 Nov 2007, J. P. Pérez &amp; J. Monzón, 2&amp;male; 1&amp;female; (FSCA USNMENT00654003–05); same, 2–15 Jun 2007, J. P. Pérez, 1&amp;male; (FSCA USNMENT006540011). MEXICO: Chiapas: 49 km S of Jaltenango, [Parque Natural] El Triunfo, [15°40'N 92°48'W], 1300–2000 m, 13–15 May 1985, A. Freidberg, 1&amp;female; (USNM USNMENT00213913). Veracruz: Estación de Biología Los Tuxtlas, 15 Apr 1986, P. Sinaca, 1&amp;female; (IEXV USNMENT00213914); Estación de Biología Los Tuxtlas, El Viguia, 480 m, 15 Mar 1986, E. Ramírez, 1 &amp;male; (IEXV USNMENT00213875); Xalapa, 28 Sep - 3 Oct 1961, R. &amp; K. Dreisbach, 1&amp;female; (MSUL USNMENT00213915). <b>Etymology.</b> The name of this species is a noun referring to the hyaline spot on the pterostigma useful to differentiate this species from <i>B. splendida</i> and <i>B. sinepuncta</i>.
description: Published as part of <i>Norrbom, Allen L. &amp; Condon, Marty, 2010, Revision of the femoralis group of Blepharoneura Loew (Diptera: Tephritidae) 2374, pp. 1-139 in Zootaxa 2374 (1)</i> on pages 94-96, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2374.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5315903