cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Surgical expertise and its application to gastric and oesophageal cancer surgery
Creators: name: Harris, Alexander
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2017

description: Aim To investigate surgical expertise and examine its application to gastric and oesophageal cancer surgery. Rationale Popular and scientific publications have used expertise to address the wider themes of service provision and professional development. However, the nature and characteristics of surgical expertise remain subject to debate, and there is currently no clear framework for combining elements of surgical expertise with surgical practice (e.g. training/ assessment). Method A mixed methods approach was applied in the collection, analysis, and interpretation of quantitative and qualitative data in order to capture and analyse the subtleties and complexities of surgical expertise. Key stakeholders in the UK and abroad were involved throughout, with research techniques including: literature review; questionnaires; semi-structured interviews; direct structured observations; and a Delphi consensus process. Results and Discussion Results demonstrated that: (a) there is no consensus definition for surgical expertise; (b) directly relevant, high impact, original research to guide the design and application of interventions is lacking; (c) stakeholders place operative skill at the heart of surgical expertise; (d) although simulation holds potential for exploring surgical expertise, current modalities are inadequate for supporting its nuances; (e) surgical expertise comprises a complex interplay of individual and organisation-specific factors; (f) consensus agreement on procedure-specific performance standards was reached amongst experts in gastric and oesophageal cancer surgery; (g) consultant-level surgical assessment tools have been developed with potential for use in (inter)national randomised controlled trials. Conclusion This PhD thesis systematically identifies and maps the fundamental concepts of surgical expertise, developing methods for its investigation, and incorporating findings into practical interventions within the chosen domain of gastric and oesophageal cancer surgery, where expertise is critical (as surgery is only performed at tertiary centres). Original contributions to the field include: an evidence-based framework for defining surgical expertise; exploratory research into surgical simulation performed at the specialist level; and the development of evidence-based consultant-level surgical assessment tools specific to the technical performance and oncological quality of gastrectomy and oesophagectomy.
Additional file 1: of Evidence-based practice profiles among bachelor students in four health disciplines: a cross-sectional study
Creators: name: Snibsøer, Anne
name: Graverholt, Birgitte
name: Nortvedt, Monica
name: Riise, Trond
name: Espehaug, Birgitte
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Cronbach’s Alpha for the EBP2-N domains. The table provides Cronbach’s Alpha results as a measure of the reliability for the five EBP2-N domains. (PDF 398 kb)
Split property for free massless finite helicity fields
Creators: name: Longo, Roberto
name: Morinelli, Vincenzo
name: Preta, Francesco
name: Rehren, Karl-Henning
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove the split property for any finite helicity free quantum fields. Finite helicity Poincaré representations extend to the conformal group and the conformal covariance plays an essential role in the argument. The split property is ensured by the trace class condition: Tr (exp(-s L_0)) is finite for all s>0 where L_0 is the conformal Hamiltonian of the Möbius covariant restriction of the net on the time axis. We extend the argument for the scalar case presented in [7]. We provide the direct sum decomposition into irreducible representations of the conformal extension of any helicity-h representation to the subgroup of transformations fixing the time axis. Our analysis provides new relations among finite helicity representations and suggests a new construction for representations and free quantum fields with non-zero helicity.
description: v2: Minor corrections, comments and references added, as to appear in Ann. H. Poinc
Tetrao orientalis Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Galliformes
Phasianidae
Tetrao
Tetrao orientalis

description: Tetrao orientalis [spec. nov.]
T. pedibus antice pilosis: abdomine gulaque atra, collari ferrugineo, cauda cuneiformi.
Tetrao orientalis. Hasselq. it. 278. n. 43.
Perdix damascena. Will. orn. 128
Francolin. Tournef. it. 1. p. 158. t. 158.
Habitat in Oriente.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 161, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
COMPTEL skymapping: a new approach using parallel computing
Creators: name: Strong, A. W.
name: Bloemen, H.
name: Diehl, R.
name: Hermsen, W.
name: Schoenfelder, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Large-scale skymapping with COMPTEL using the full survey database presents challenging problems on account of the complex response and time-variable background. A new approach which attempts to address some of these problems is described, in which the information about each observation is preserved throughout the analysis. In this method, a maximum-entropy algorithm is used to determine image and background simultaneously. Because of the extreme computing requirements, the method has been implemented on a parallel computer, which brings large gains since the response computation is fully parallelizable. The zero level is left undetermined in this method. Results using data from 7 years of COMPTEL data are presented.
description: 4 pages including 12 figures (9 in color), latex2e, uses epsfig.sty. A paper presented at the 3rd INTEGRAL Workshop "The Extreme Universe" (14-18 Sep. 1998, Taormina, Italy), paper #15, in press
Monte Carlo approach to the excluded-volume hadron resonance gas in grand canonical and canonical ensembles
Creators: name: Vovchenko, Volodymyr
name: Gorenstein, Mark I.
name: Stoecker, Horst
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Monte Carlo (MC) procedure for sampling the hadron yields within hadron resonance gas (HRG) model is presented. The effects of excluded-volume due to the finite hadron eigenvolumes and of exact charge conservation within the canonical ensemble (CE) formulation are simultaneously taken into account with the help of the importance sampling technique combined with the rejection sampling. The MC procedure allows one to calculate arbitrary moments of the event-by-event hadron yields. Note that the CE formulation for the excluded-volume HRG has not been considered before. The MC simulations coincide with the known analytic results in the thermodynamic limit for the excluded-volume HRG in the grand canonical ensemble and for the CE of non-interacting particles. The MC procedure is applied to study the simultaneous excluded-volume and CE effects. These effects are considered within the full HRG to calculate the particle number fluctuations and to estimate the finite size effects.
description: 29 pages, 5 figures. To be published in Physical Review C
Detection of Iron Emission Line from the Galaxy Cluster Including the Distant Radio Galaxy 3C220.1
Creators: name: Ota, Naomi
name: Mitsuda, Kazuhisa
name: Hattori, Makoto
name: Mihara, Tatehiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We detected an emission line feature at 4 keV in the X-ray spectrum of a sky region including the distant radio galaxy 3C220.1(z=0.62) obtained with ASCA. The line energy is 6.1 - 7.0 keV (90% confidence) in the rest frame of 3C220.1. Within the present statistics, the observed spectra are consistent with two different models; a non-thermal model consisting of a power-law continuum plus a 6.4 keV iron emission line, and a Raymond-Smith thin-thermal emission model of kT ~6 keV with a metal abundance of ~0.5 solar. However, the large (~500 eV) equivalent width of the line indicates that a significant fraction of the X-ray emission is likel y to arise from the hot intracluster gas which associates the galaxy cluster including 3C220.1. The spectral parameters of the thermal emission is consistent with the luminosity-temperature relation of nearby clusters and the mass estimates from the giant luminous arc.
description: 4 pages, 2 ps figures, submitted to Advances in Space Research
Additional file 1: of Sexual and reproductive healthcare for women asylum seekers in Switzerland: a multi-method evaluation
Creators: name: Cignacco, Eva
name: Sayn-Wittgenstein, Friederike Zu
name: SĂŠnac, Coline
name: Hurni, Anja
name: WyssmĂźller, Doris
name: Grand-Guillaume-Perrenoud, Jean
name: Berger, Anke
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer

description: Interview Guide. Translated interview guide for qualitative interviews with asylum centre staff. (DOCX 45 kb)
The Stellar Populations of Low Surface Brightness Galaxies
Creators: name: Bell, E. F.
name: Bower, R. G.
name: de Jong, R. S.
name: Hereld, M.
name: Rauscher, B. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Near-infrared (NIR) K' images of a sample of five low surface brightness disc galaxies (LSBGs) were combined with optical data, with the aim of constraining their star formation histories. Both red and blue LSBGs were imaged to enable comparison of their stellar populations. For both types of galaxy strong colour gradients were found, consistent with mean stellar age gradients. Very low stellar metallicities were ruled out on the basis of metallicity-sensitive optical-NIR colours. These five galaxies suggest that red and blue LSBGs have very different star formation histories and represent two independent routes to low B band surface brightness. Blue LSBGs are well described by models with low, roughly constant star formation rates, whereas red LSBGs are better described by a `faded disc' scenario.
description: 5 pages LaTeX; 2 embedded figures; MNRAS Letters, Accepted
A Timing RPC with low resistive ceramic electrodes
Creators: name: Sultanov, R.
name: Akindinov, A.
name: Beyer, R.
name: Dreyer, J.
name: Fan, X.
name: Greifenhagen, R.
name: Kämpfer, B.
name: Kotte, R.
name: Garcia, A. Laso
name: Malkevich, D.
name: Naumann, L.
name: Plotnikov, V.
name: Prokudin, M.
name: Shirinkin, S.
name: Stach, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For precise start time determination a Beam Fragmentation T$_0$ Counter (BFTC) is under development for the Time-of-Flight Wall of the Compressed Baryonic Matter Spectrometer (CBM) at the Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research (FAIR) at Darmstadt/Germany. This detector will be located around the beam pipe, covering the front area of the Projectile Spectator Detector. The fluxes at this region are expected to exceed 10$^5$cm$^{-2}$s$^{-1}$. Resistive plate chambers (RPC) with ceramic composite electrodes could be use because of their high rate capabilities and radiation hardness of material. Efficiency $\ge$ 97\%, time resolution $\le$ 90 ps and rate capability $\ge$ 10$^5$cm$^{-2}$s$^{-1}$ were confirmed during many tests with high beam fluxes of relativistic electrons. We confirm the stability of these characteristics with low resistive Si$_3$N$_4$/SiC floating electrodes for a prototype of eight small RPCs, where each of them contains six gas gaps. The active RPC size amounts 20$\times$20 mm$^2$ produced on basis of Al$_3$O$_2$ and Si$_3$N$_4$/SiC ceramics. Recent test results obtained with relativistic electrons at the linear accelerator ELBE of the Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf with new PADI-10 Front-end electronic will be presented.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures, minor revisions according to the editor report, RPC2018 workshop proceedings
การพัฒนาชุดทดลองการผลิตไฟฟ้าจากกังหันน้ำ สำหรับนักศึกษาหลักสูตรวิศวกรรมศาสตรบัณฑิต มหาวิทยาลัยรังสิต
Creators: name: พงษ์ศิลป แก้วรัตนศรีโพธิ์
Publisher: name: ศูนย์สนับสนุนและพัฒนาการเรียนการสอน มหาวิทยาลัยรังสิต
Year: 2567
Subjects: ชุดทดลองการผลิตไฟฟ้าจากกังหันน้ำ
การพัฒนาอุปกรณ์การสอนปฏิบัติการวิศวกรรมเครื่องกล

description: วารสารพัฒนาการเรียนการสอน, 18, 1, 191-202
Additional file 5: of Severely malnourished children with a low weight-for-height have a higher mortality than those with a low mid-upper-arm-circumference: I. Empirical data demonstrates Simpsonâ s paradox
Creators: name: Grellety, Emmanuel
name: Golden, Michael
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Table S5. Sensitivity statistics for meta-analysis of WHZ-only vs MUAC-only, by oedema, Region and treatment facility/program. (DOCX 14 kb)
Gamma Radiation from PSR B1055-52
Creators: name: Thompson, D. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The telescopes on the Compton Gamma Ray Observatory (CGRO) have observed PSR B1055-52 a number of times between 1991 and 1998. From these data, a more detailed picture of the gamma radiation from this source has been developed, showing several characteristics which distinguish this pulsar: the light curve is complex; there is no detectable unpulsed emission; the energy spectrum is flat, with no evidence of a sharp high-energy cutoff up to >4 GeV. Comparisons of the gamma-ray data with observations at longer wavelengths show that no two of the known gamma-ray pulsars have quite the same characteristics; this diversity make s interpretation in terms of theoretical models difficult.
description: 31 pages, 5 figures and 1 separate table, accepted for publication in ApJ
Disturbance Ratio for Optimal Multi-Event Classification in Power Distribution Networks
Creators: name: Borrás, M. D.
name: Bravo, J. C.
name: Montaño, J. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This paper presents an effective approach to identify power quality events based on IEEE Std 1159-2009 caused by intermittent power sources like those of renewable energy. An efficient characterization of these disturbances is granted by the use of two useful wavelet based indices. For this purpose, a wavelet-based Global Disturbance Ratio index (GDR), defined through its instantaneous precursor (Instantaneous Transient Disturbance index ITD(t)), is used in power distribution networks (PDN) under steady-state and/or transient conditions. An intelligent disturbance classification is done using a Support Vector Machine (SVM) with a minimum input vector based on the GDR index. The effectiveness of the proposed technique is validated using a real-time experimental system with single events and multi-events signals.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures
title: ADCO, Cart. 186 (11 H 71), f. 0095r
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CBMA/CG21/F.PETOT/2012
name: Petot, Frédéric
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris
subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge
subject: cartulaire

description: Cartulaire général de Cîteaux, dit de Jean de Cirey, t. II (XVe siècle), tome II, Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, C
art. 186 (11 H 71). Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Cartulaire général de Cîteaux, dit de Jean de Cirey, t. II (XVe siècle), tome II, Archives départementales de la
 Côte-d'Or, Cart. 186 (11 H 71), f. 0095r, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https://manuscrits.cbma-
project.eu/
description: Provenance: https://www.geonames.org/3024876
description: Provenance: http://www.idref.fr/030974844/id
description: Provenance: https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12228351v
description: Provenance: abbaye de Cîteaux
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843261
Tetrao coturnix Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Galliformes
Phasianidae
Tetrao
Tetrao coturnix

description: Tetrao coturnix [spec. nov.]
T. pedibus nudis, corpore griseo-maculato, supercil%:ns albis, rectricibus margine lunulaque ferruginea. Fn. svec. 173.
Coturnix. Gesn. av. 353. Aldr. orn. l. 13. c. 22. Jonst. av. 69. t. 28. Raj. av. 58. Alb. av. 1. p. 28. t. 30.
Tetrao israelitarum. Hasselq. it. 279. n. 44.
Habitat in Europa, Asia, Africa.
Pennae corporis ferrugineae linea longitudinali albida.
Chinenses vivum portando manus calefaciunt. Osb. itin. 190.
Alchata s. Filacotona Aldr. orn. l. 15. c. 8. Charl. onom. 77. t. 77.
Habit. in Arabia, Monspelii; mihi non visa.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 161, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
An experimental study of the vortex-induced vibration of a slender box-girder bridge deck section
Creators: name: Al-Zubaidi, Jumana
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2017

description: This thesis examines the vortex-induced vibration (VIV) of a very slender box-girder bridge deck section. In particular, the dependance of the response and excitation mechanism on the geometry of the bottom knuckles is investigated. This study extends previous research into VIV of bridge decks by considering a very slender box-girder with chord to depth ratio of 11.2. To the best of the author's knowledge, this study is the first to investigate experimentally the VIV of such a slender section. The behaviour of a slender box-girder in VIV was investigated experimentally, using small-scale physical modelling techniques in a wind tunnel. The excitation mechanisms are studied using pressure taps around a cross-section and several spanwise locations. Accelerometers measure the response. The findings demonstrate that the excitation mechanisms for heave and pitch responses are different (for values of wind speed, divided by frequency and chord, ≤ 1.6). The heave is excited by trailing edge vortices and shows a significant sensitivity to the geometry at the bottom knuckle. For shallow angles ≲ 20 degrees, between the base panel and the lower inclined panels, the trailing edge shedding is sufficiently weakened such that no response is observed. In contrast, the pitch response is excited by a combination of trailing edge vortices and motion-generated impinging vortices, where the frequency of shedding is double, triple and quadruple the oscillation frequency. The mode of the leading edge vortices is sensitive to the bottom knuckle angle and higher modes produce larger vibrations. A critical angle of 20 degrees results in minimum response for the bare deck (only beating angular displacement is observed) and no lock-in. The difference in excitation mechanisms for the degrees-of-freedom results in different reactions to geometrical and structural modifications, including the bottom knuckle geometry, road furniture and structural damping.
Fundamental noisy multiparameter quantum bounds
Creators: name: Roy, Shibdas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Quantum multiparameter estimation involves estimating multiple parameters simultaneously and can be more precise than estimating them individually. Our interest here is to determine fundamental quantum limits to the achievable multiparameter estimation precision in the presence of noise. We present a lower bound to the estimation error covariance for a noisy initial probe state evolving via a noiseless quantum channel. We then present a lower bound to the estimation error covariance in the most general form for a noisy initial probe state evolving via a noisy quantum channel. We show conditions and accordingly measurements to attain these estimation precision limits for noisy systems. We see that the Heisenberg precision scaling of $1/N$ can be achieved with a probe comprising $N$ particles even in the presence of noise. In fact, some noise in the initial probe state or the quantum channel can serve as a feature rather than a bug, since the estimation precision scaling achievable in the presence of noise in the initial state or the channel in some situations is impossible in the absence of noise in the initial state or the channel. However, a lot of noise harms the quantum advantage achievable with $N$ parallel resources, and allows for a best precision scaling of $1/\sqrt{N}$. Moreover, the Heisenberg precision limit can be beaten with noise in the channel, and we present a super-Heisenberg precision limit with scaling of $1/N^2$ for optimal amount of noise in the channel, characterized by one-particle evolution operators. Further, using $γ$-particle evolution operators for the noisy channel, where $γ>1$, the best precision scaling attainable is $1/N^{2γ}$, which is otherwise known to be only possible using $2γ$-particle evolution operators for a noiseless channel.
description: 29 pages, some corrections, Section IX moved to a separate paper
title: 01_0616
Creators: name: Wesley Baldwin, John
name: Baldwin, John W.
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: L'ensemble de ces notes ont été crée par John Baldwin lors d'une de ses premières périodes de résidence à Paris. Ces documents comprennent tous les magistri qu’il avait pu rencontrer dans ses sources. Aux XIIème et XIIIème siècles, les universités n'existant pas encore, le titre de magister s'il évoque certainement une compétence n'est pas rattaché de façon systématique au passage par les écoles. De surcroît, les magistris sont le plus souvent désignés par leur seul prénom. La lecture de ces données est donc difficile et suppose un long travail pour tenter d'identifier un individu auquel on pourrait rattacher plusieurs mentions. John Baldwin avait donc renoncé à utiliser ces données pour donner un prolongement à sa magnifique étude sur les gradués d'université et leur emploi par les Capétiens et les Plantagenêts. Néanmoins, il a conservé ces données et elles sont potentiellement très utile dans le cadre de Studium, comme le sont toutes les mentions dans les volumes des Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae de chanoines portant ce titre de magister sans autres précisions. L'ampleur des dépouillements rend ces données très utiles et nous devons une grande reconnaissance à John Baldwin pour avoir pris la peine de faire photocopier ses fiches et de nous les avoir transmises amicalement.
Les données ainsi que les images des fiches sont accessibles sur le site Internet à l'adresse suivante : http://studium-baldwin.lamop.fr/.
Les transcriptions des fiches ont été effectuées par des étudiants de Paris 1 Panthéon - Sorbonne mais elles n'ont pas été corrigées par la suite.
description: Relation: https://lamop.hypotheses.org/
Two-Loop Scattering Amplitudes from Ambitwistor Strings: from Genus Two to the Nodal Riemann Sphere
Creators: name: Geyer, Yvonne
name: Monteiro, Ricardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive from ambitwistor strings new formulae for two-loop scattering amplitudes in supergravity and super-Yang-Mills theory, with any number of particles. We start by constructing a formula for the type II ambitwistor string amplitudes on a genus-two Riemann surface, and then study the localisation of the moduli space integration on a degenerate limit, where the genus-two surface turns into a Riemann sphere with two nodes. This leads to scattering amplitudes in supergravity, expressed in the formalism of the two-loop scattering equations. For super-Yang-Mills theory, we import `half' of the supergravity result, and determine the colour dependence by considering a current algebra on the nodal Riemann sphere, thereby completely specifying the two-loop analogue of the Parke-Taylor factor, including non-planar contributions. We also present in appendices explicit expressions for the Szego kernels and the partition functions for even spin structures, up to the relevant orders in the degeneration parameters, which may be useful for related investigations in conventional superstring theory.
description: 66 pages plus appendices, 14 figures. v2: small changes, published version. v3: typos fixed in appendix D
Puzzles of Galactic continuum gamma rays
Creators: name: Moskalenko, I. V.
name: Strong, A. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Inverse Compton scattering appears to play a more important role in the diffuse Galactic continuum emission than previously thought, from MeV to GeV energies. We compare models having a large inverse Compton component with EGRET data, and find good agreement in the longitude and latitude distributions at low and high energies. We test an alternative explanation for the >1 GeV gamma-ray excess, the hard nucleon spectrum, using secondary antiprotons and positrons. At lower energies to fit the COMPTEL and OSSE data as diffuse emission requires either a steep upturn in the electron spectrum below 200 MeV or a population of discrete sources.
description: 4 pages including 9 figures (2 in colors), latex2e, uses epsfig.sty. A paper presented at the 3rd INTEGRAL Workshop "The Extreme Universe" (14-18 Sep. 1998, Taormina, Italy), #36, in press
Modelling the evolution of galaxy clustering
Creators: name: Baugh, C. M.
name: Benson, A. J.
name: Cole, S.
name: Frenk, C. S.
name: Lacey, C. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Measurements of galaxy clustering are now becoming possible over a range of redshifts out to z=3. We use a semi-analytic model of galaxy formation to compute the expected evolution of the galaxy correlation function with redshift. We illustrate how the degree of clustering evolution is sensitive to the details of the sample selection. For a fixed apparent magnitude limit, galaxies selected at higher redshifts are located in progressively rarer dark matter haloes, compared with the general population of galaxies in place at each redshift. As a result these galaxies are highly biased tracers of the underlying dark matter distribution and exhibit stronger clustering than the dark matter. In general, the correlation length measured in comoving units, decreases at first with increasing redshift, before increasing again at higher redshift. We show that the epsilon-model often used to interpret the angular correlation function of faint galaxies gives an inadequate description of the evolution of clustering, and offers no physical insight into the clustering process. We compare our predictions with those of a simple, popular model in which a one-to-one correspondence between galaxies and dark halos is assumed. Qualitatively, this model reproduces the correct evolutionary behaviour at high redshift, but the quantitative results can be significantly in error. Our theoretical expectations are in good agreement with the high redshift clustering data of Carlberg etal and Postman etal but are higher than the measurements of Le Fevre etal.
description: Minor revision to match published version
Transmission and amplification of disturbances by massive halos
Creators: name: Murali, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study how massive halos respond to perturbations. Through numerical solution of the coupled linearized Boltzmann-Poisson equations, we find that halos transmit and amplify disturbances over large distances within galaxies. In particular, as Weinberg has noted, the halo provides an excellent medium for transmitting disturbances from the outer regions of galaxies to the inner regions. The dipolar response typically dominates and, in some cases, is very weakly damped. The monopole and quadrupole response can also make significant contributions. Overall, the results support the notion that disk structure can be excited by transmission of noise from the distant halo. The strong dipolar response suggests that halos play a role in producing lopsided disks. These results also suggest that, during formation from initial collapse, halos do not settle rapidly into static equilibrium: instead, they may continue to ring and interact with other embryonic components of the proto-galaxy
description: 22 pages, submitted to ApJ
Challenging the Black Box: A Comprehensive Evaluation of Attribution Maps of CNN Applications in Agriculture and Forestry
Creators: name: Nieradzik, Lars
name: Stephani, Henrike
name: Sieburg-Rockel, Jördis
name: Helmling, Stephanie
name: Olbrich, Andrea
name: Keuper, Janis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this study, we explore the explainability of neural networks in agriculture and forestry, specifically in fertilizer treatment classification and wood identification. The opaque nature of these models, often considered 'black boxes', is addressed through an extensive evaluation of state-of-the-art Attribution Maps (AMs), also known as class activation maps (CAMs) or saliency maps. Our comprehensive qualitative and quantitative analysis of these AMs uncovers critical practical limitations. Findings reveal that AMs frequently fail to consistently highlight crucial features and often misalign with the features considered important by domain experts. These discrepancies raise substantial questions about the utility of AMs in understanding the decision-making process of neural networks. Our study provides critical insights into the trustworthiness and practicality of AMs within the agriculture and forestry sectors, thus facilitating a better understanding of neural networks in these application areas.
Theory of phonon-mediated superconductivity in twisted bilayer graphene
Creators: name: Wu, Fengcheng
name: MacDonald, A. H.
name: Martin, Ivar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a theory of phonon-mediated superconductivity in near magic angle twisted bilayer graphene. Using a microscopic model for phonon coupling to moiré band electrons, we find that phonons generate attractive interactions in both $s$ and $d$ wave pairing channels and that the attraction is strong enough to explain the experimental superconducting transition temperatures. Before including Coulomb repulsion, the $s$-wave channel is more favorable; however, on-site Coulomb repulsion can suppress $s$-wave pairing relative to $d$-wave. The pair amplitude varies spatially with the moiré period, and is identical in the two layers in the $s$-wave channel but phase shifted by $π$ in the $d$-wave channel. We discuss experiments that can distinguish the two pairing states.
description: 5+3 pages, 4+1 figures
Acute lower gastrointestinal bleeding in the United Kingdom
Creators: name: Oakland, Kathryn
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2017

description: Introduction Lower gastrointestinal bleeding (LGIB) is a common medical emergency. Despite this, there are few data on presentations, interventions and patient outcomes. The aim of this research is to describe the epidemiology of LGIB in the United Kingdom, appraise clinical interventions and develop a risk score to optimise patient triage. Methods A systematic review (SR) of common interventions for LGIB was undertaken. A prospective national observational study of LGIB presentations to UK hospitals during two months in 2015 was conducted, collecting data on demographics and outcomes (re-bleeding, death, re-admission). Frequency of intervention was compared to that identified in the SR. Multivariable logistic regression was used to develop a risk score to predict need for hospitalisation, and independently validated using cases collected by two additional acute hospitals using C-statistics. Results The SR identified that colonoscopy within 24 hours of presentation was associated with a higher diagnostic yield and a reduced length of hospitalisation. In total 143/174 (82.2%) acute hospitals in the UK participated in the observational study, providing data on 2528 cases of LGIB. Most patients were elderly (median age 74 years) with major co-morbidities, including 29.4% taking antiplatelets drugs. Only 52% patients underwent inpatient investigation, 3.9% receiving colonoscopy. Median length of stay was 3 days and 85/2528 (3.4%) died during admission. Data from 2336 acute admissions were used to develop the risk score, identifying that >60% patients could avoid hospital admission. Age, gender, previous LGIB admission, blood on rectal examination, heart rate, systolic blood pressure and haemoglobin strongly discriminated safe discharge (c-statistic 0·84, 95% confidence interval 0·82 to 0·86). Conclusion Few patients admitted with LGIB require treatment for bleeding, or come to harm. Many could safely be managed as an outpatient. We developed and validated a clinical risk score with good discriminative performance to identify these patients.
Seismic drift demands in steel moment resisting frames
Creators: name: Bravo Haro, Miguel
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2018

description: This thesis focuses on assessing the seismic performance of steel moment resisting frames (MRFs), with particular emphasis on inelastic drift demands. The development of reliable predictive models for engineering demand parameters (EDPs), which represent structural and non-structural damage, is pivotal to improving the performance-based design procedures of modern structural systems for any given seismic hazard scenario. Extensive literature is available in relation to the key structural characteristics that control the inelastic response of buildings when subjected to seismic loads. However, most of this research has been limited to single-degree-of freedom (SDOF) representations. Also, when dealing with multi-degree-of-freedom systems (MDOF) several simplifications are typically made, including on the strength and stiffness distribution in order to simplify the behaviour. Similarly, the influence of important earthquake characteristics such as the frequency content and duration has not been adequately considered or even totally disregarded in previous research as well as in seismic design guidelines. Moreover, the vast majority of available studies have not considered the effects of stiffness and strength degradation produced under cyclic loading which occur primarily due to local buckling and lateral instability. The main objectives of this thesis is to provide detailed insights and predictive models for inelastic drift demands in steel moment frames, with due account for the influence of the structural configuration as well as realistic earthquake characteristics. To represent a wide range of structural characteristics, a set of 54 multi-storey frames designed to comply with Eurocode 8 provisions is considered throughout the thesis, in which the number of stories, steel profiles, seismic hazard and compliance criteria are varied. Detailed incremental dynamic analyses are performed on the full set of frames using a suite of 56 far-field ground motion records, which are scaled appropriately to achieve different levels of inelastic demand or equivalent behaviour factors. The seismic performance is evaluated in terms of maximum roof drift, maximum inter-storey drift, beam chord rotations and maximum residual drift demands. Statistical assessments are carried out to propose predictive relationships for each EDP investigated. In a subsequent study, a second set of 144 spectrally equivalent ground motion records is collated and employed in order to examine the effect of earthquake duration, whilst isolating this from the influence of spectral shape and amplitude. Finally, the implications of the findings of the research presented in this thesis on current seismic design provisions are discussed, and proposals for modifications and improvements are outlined. The main conclusions and observations from the thesis are also summarised alongside suggestions for future research.
Combinational creativity and computational creativity
Creators: name: Han, Ji
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2018

description: Creativity is a significant element of design. However, it can be challenging to produce creative ideas that will be of value to society and worthy of design effort. This thesis explores combinational creativity, which involves unfamiliar combinations of familiar ideas, and implements combinational creativity in computational tools to support design. Two computational tools, the Combinator and the Retriever, have been developed to support designers in creative idea generations during the early stages of design. The Combinator has been developed by imitating aspects of human cognition in achieving combinational creativity. This tool produces combinational prompts in text and image forms. The Retriever has been developed based on ontology by embracing aspects of cognitions of analogical reasoning. This tool constructs ontologies with sufficient richness and coverage to support reasoning over real-world datasets, and produces text-form outputs with correlated image mood boards. Case studies indicate that the Combinator and the Retriever are useful and effective in terms of supporting creative ideation. The case studies show that both of the tools can increase the fluency of idea generation and improve the flexibility, usefulness and originality of the ideas produced, for the datasets studied. In addition to computational creativity tools, this thesis has proposed three driven approaches to produce combinational creative ideas, which are problem-, similarity-, and inspiration-driven. A study indicates that these three approaches are used commonly in practical designs, of which the problem-driven approach is the dominant approach. In addition, the three approaches could be used individually as well as in groups. The conceptual distances between ideas in combinational creativity are also explored in this thesis. A study reveals that far-related ideas, which are used more commonly, could lead to more creative outcomes compared with closely-related ideas. The findings and outcomes of this thesis lead to a further understanding of creativity in the design context. The novel approaches used for developing the Combinator and the Retriever, as well as the outcomes of the theoretical studies could be adapted to develop new computational design support tools.
Passeres Linnaeus, 1758, ord. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Passeres

description: Passeres [ord. nov.]
VI. PASSERES.
Rostrum conicum, acuminatum.
Nares ovatae, patulae, nudae.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 162, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Computational analysis and modelling of graph-structured neuroimaging data
Creators: name: Ktena, Ira
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2018

description: Graph representations are often used to model structured data at an individual or population level and have numerous applications in pattern recognition problems. This thesis is focusing on the analysis of neuroimaging data that can be intuitively modelled as graphs. In the field of neuroscience, where such representations are commonly used to model structural or functional connectivity between a set of brain regions, graphs have proven to be of great importance. They have contributed to gaining novel insights into the brain's organisation and the mechanisms underlying brain development and disease, which were previously unknown. At an individual level, the underlying parcellation used to construct the connectome, the comprehensive map of neural connections in the brain, and its resolution impact traditional network measures and network-based tasks. This thesis explores how these factors affect topological measures of brain networks and uses the latter to inform predictive models of patient outcome in diseased populations. Additionally, a graph theoretical approach is proposed to establish correspondences between graph elements, when subject-level data-driven parcellation methods are adopted, which is an essential step to perform any further population-level analysis. The present work also employs concepts from the field of signal processing on graphs and geometric deep learning to address significant problems in disease prediction. More specifically, graph convolutions are adopted for the evaluation of similarity between brain connectivity networks in a manner that accounts for the graph structure and is tailored for classification tasks. At the same time, exploiting the wealth of imaging and non-imaging information for disease prediction tasks requires models capable of simultaneously representing individual features and data associations between subjects from potentially large populations. The latter can be particularly beneficial in large-scale studies and graphs provide a natural framework for such tasks. This work uses geometric deep learning to perform convolutions on a population graph incorporating both imaging and non-imaging information and demonstrates their importance for semi-supervised classification tasks. The proposed framework allows to infer subject-specific properties from their imaging features and interactions within a population.
Polar codes and polar lattices for multi-terminal communication systems
Creators: name: Shi, Jinwen
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2018

description: In the last few years, there have been considerable interests in multi-terminal com- munication systems as they have been applied in various commercial and military applications. In this thesis, we aim to tackle some important problems in information theory subject to multi-terminal systems, such as source coding and channel coding with side information, multiterminal source coding, and network coding, etc. The key idea of our solution is based on polar codes and lattice codes. The invention of polar codes is considered to be one of the major breakthroughs in coding theory for the past ten years, since they are able to provide explicit and practical code constructions. Lattice codes with good performance have played an important role in communication and source compression over the past 60 years. Polar lattices, as a new method to construct lattices by using polar codes, have been developed in recent years. By employing polar codes and polar lattices, we develop explicit code constructions achieve the rate-distortion function of the Heegard-Berger problem which can be regarded an extension to the classical Wyner-Ziv problem with side information may or may not presented at the decoder. With the use of these two codes, we show practical solutions to extract the Wyner’s common information among two or more random variables for both binary or Gaussian scenarios. Finally, we apply lattice codes as the channel code of the users in the cloud radio access network (C-RAN), where the packets are sent to the cloud for distributed decoding through an AWGN channel. We evaluate the tradeoff between the frame error rate and the decoding latency by giving a calculation of the optimal computation rate to guarantee a reliable transmission.
Code and data for : Stem-cell states converge in multi-stage cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma development
Creators: name: Taylor, Mark
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: This repository includes code and processed data required to reproduce all analyses and figures from The study by Taylor & Kandyba et al "Stem-cell states converge in multi-stage cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma development."  This repository includes:

pp2ai_taxol_analysis_Rscript.R  provides R code to process and analyze bulk expression data from 2 mouse tumor cell lines treated with a PP2A inhibitor and paclitaxel.

integrated_corrected_cds_v3.RDS is an R object in the cell dataset format for single-cell RNA sequencing expression of the original experimental samples.

pp2ai_taxol_mapping_script.sh provides bash script to map bulk expression reads.

Aim2-4.zip provides bulk expression data for normal skin and carcinoma samples used to generate Spearman rank correlation networks and metagenes.

Combined data set from Genome Biol 2011.zip provides bulk expression data for independent normal skin, papillom, and carcinoma samples used to generate Spearman rank correlation networks and metagenes.

scRNAseq_analysis_code.R provides R code to generate all analyses and figures found in the study.

chemotherapy_additional_samples.RDS is an R object in the cell dataset format for single-cell RNA sequencing expression information from the cisplatin experiment (4 control carcinomas + 4 cisplatin-treated carcinomas) and independent papillomas (7 additional papillomas).