cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Screw Instability of Magnetic Field and Gamma-Ray Bursts in Type Ib/C Supernovae
Creators: name: Wang, Ding-Xiong
name: Lei, Wei-Hua
name: Ye, Yong-Chun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A toy model for gamma-ray burst supernovae (GRB-SNe) is discussed by considering the effects of screw instability of magnetic field in black hole (BH) magnetosphere. The screw instability in the Blandford-Znajek (BZ) process (henceforth SIBZ) can coexist with the screw instability in the magnetic coupling (MC) process (henceforth SIMC). It turns out that both SIBZ and SIMC occur inevitably, provided that the following parameters are greater than some critical values, i.e., (i) the BH spin, (ii) the power-law index describing the magnetic field at the disk, and (iii) the vertical height of the astrophysical load above the equatorial plane of the rotating BH. The features of several GRBs are well fitted. In our model the durations of the long GRBs depend on the evolve time of the half-opening angle. A small fraction of energy is extracted from the BH via the BZ process to power a GRB, while a large fraction of energy is extracted from the BH via the MC process to power an associated supernova. In addition, the variability time scales of tens of msec in the light curves of the GRBs are fitted by two successive flares due to SIBZ.
description: 22 pages,5 figures. Accepted for publication in ApJ
A TALE OF TWO PREMIUMS- EXAMINING BIDS FROM A MULTIPLE ROUND VICKREY AUCTION WITH DIFFERING INFORMATION SETS
Creators: name: Hurley, Sean P.
name: Kliebenstein, James B.
name: Hurley, Sean P.
name: Kliebenstein, James B.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Consumer/Household Economics

description: Two definitions of willingness-to-pay derived from a Vickrey auction with multi-product and multiple rounds with different information sets are examined. These definitions are examined in the context of valuing pork products with embedded environmental attributes and we show how information can have adverse effects on a base product of comparison.
Local Probes for Charge-Neutral Edge States in Two-Dimensional Quantum Magnets
Creators: name: Feldmeier, Johannes
name: Natori, Willian
name: Knap, Michael
name: Knolle, Johannes
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The bulk-boundary correspondence is a defining feature of topological states of matter. However, for quantum magnets such as spin liquids or topological magnon insulators a direct observation of topological surface states has proven challenging because of the charge-neutral character of the excitations. Here we propose spin-polarized scanning tunneling microscopy as a spin-sensitive local probe to provide direct information about charge neutral topological edge states. We show how their signatures, imprinted in the local structure factor, can be extracted by specifically employing the strengths of existing technologies. As our main example, we determine the dynamical spin correlations of the Kitaev honeycomb model with open boundaries. We show that by contrasting conductance measurements of bulk and edge locations, one can extract direct signatures of the existence of fractionalized excitations and non-trivial topology. The broad applicability of this approach is corroborated by a second example of a kagome topological magnon insulator.
description: 5+6 pages; 3+3 figures
Modeling of Isotropic Backward-Wave Materials Composed of Resonant Spheres
Creators: name: Jylha, L.
name: Kolmakov, I.
name: Maslovski, S.
name: Tretyakov, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A possibility to realize isotropic artificial backward-wave materials is theoretically analyzed. An improved mixing rule for the effective permittivity of a composite material consisting of two sets of resonant dielectric spheres in a homogeneous background is presented. The equations are validated using the Mie theory and numerical simulations. The effect of a statistical distribution of sphere sizes on the increasing of losses in the operating frequency band is discussed and some examples are shown.
description: 15 pages, 7 figures
On the stability phenomenon of the Navier-Stokes type Equations for Elliptic Complexes
Creators: name: Parfenov, Andrei
name: Shlapunov, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 76D05, 58J10, 58J35

description: Let ${\mathcal X}$ be a Riemannian $n$-dimensional smooth compact closed manifold, $n\geq 2$, $E^i$ be smooth vector bundles over $\mathcal X$ and $\{A^i,E^i\}$ be an elliptic differential complex of linear first order operators. We consider the operator equations, induced by the Navier-Stokes type equations associated with $\{A^i,E^i\}$ on the scale of anisotropic Hölder spaces over the layer ${\mathcal X} \times [0,T]$ with finite time $T > 0$. Using the properties of the differentials $A^i$ and parabolic operators over this scale of spaces, we reduce the equations to a nonlinear Fredholm operator equation of the form $(I+K) u = f$, where $K$ is a compact continuous operator. It appears that the Fréchet derivative $(I+K)'$ is continuously invertible at every point of each Banach space under the consideration and the map $(I+K)$ is open and injective in the space.
From Spinor Geometry to Complex General Relativity
Creators: name: Esposito, Giampiero
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An attempt is made of giving a self-contained (although incomplete) introduction to holomorphic ideas in general relativity, following work over the last thirty years by several authors. The main topics are complex manifolds, two-component spinor calculus, conformal gravity, alpha-planes in Minkowski space-time, alpha-surfaces and twistor geometry, anti-self-dual space-times and Penrose transform, spin-3/2 potentials, heaven spaces and heavenly equations.
description: With kind permission from Springer Science and Business Media to use material in the first 5 sections taken from the 1995 Kluwer book "Complex General Relativity" by G. Esposito. In the revised version, 11 References have been added
102. The heart of the Milky Way
Creators: name: Perryman, Michael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: Compared to recent advances in understanding the details of our Milky Way's halo, the inner Galaxy has proven more elusive, complicated by the large distances involved. Amongst several advances being made with the Gaia data is the identification of the most ancient `proto-Galactic' component of our Galaxy.
AGRICULTURAL COOPERATIVES AND COST-REDUCING R&D IN THE AGRI-FOOD SYSTEM
Creators: name: Giannakas, Konstantinos
name: Fulton, Murray E.
name: Giannakas, Konstantinos
name: Fulton, Murray E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Agribusiness
Agricultural and Food Policy

description: This paper develops a sequential game theoretic model of heterogeneous producers to examine the effect of cooperative involvement on process innovation activity in the agricultural input-supplying sector. Analytical results show that the involvement of an open-membership cooperative in process innovation activity can be welfare enhancing and, thus, socially desirable. The presence of the co-op can increase the arrival rate of process innovations and productivity growth while reducing the price of agricultural inputs. The effectiveness of the co-op in innovation activity is determined by its initial market share and the size of the innovation costs.
The Diversity and Variability of Star Formation Histories in Models of Galaxy Evolution
Creators: name: Iyer, Kartheik G.
name: Tacchella, Sandro
name: Genel, Shy
name: Hayward, Christopher C.
name: Hernquist, Lars
name: Brooks, Alyson M.
name: Caplar, Neven
name: Davé, Romeel
name: Diemer, Benedikt
name: Forbes, John C.
name: Gawiser, Eric
name: Somerville, Rachel S.
name: Starkenburg, Tjitske K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Understanding the variability of galaxy star formation histories (SFHs) across a range of timescales provides insight into the underlying physical processes that regulate star formation within galaxies. We compile the SFHs of galaxies at $z=0$ from an extensive set of models, ranging from cosmological hydrodynamical simulations (Illustris, IllustrisTNG, Mufasa, Simba, EAGLE), zoom simulations (FIRE-2, g14, and Marvel/Justice League), semi-analytic models (Santa Cruz SAM) and empirical models (UniverseMachine), and quantify the variability of these SFHs on different timescales using the power spectral density (PSD) formalism. We find that the PSDs are well described by broken power-laws, and variability on long timescales ($\gtrsim1$ Gyr) accounts for most of the power in galaxy SFHs. Most hydrodynamical models show increased variability on shorter timescales ($\lesssim300$ Myr) with decreasing stellar mass. Quenching can induce $\sim0.4-1$ dex of additional power on timescales $>1$ Gyr. The dark matter accretion histories of galaxies have remarkably self-similar PSDs and are coherent with the in-situ star formation on timescales $>3$ Gyr. There is considerable diversity among the different models in their (i) power due to SFR variability at a given timescale, (ii) amount of correlation with adjacent timescales (PSD slope), (iii) evolution of median PSDs with stellar mass, and (iv) presence and locations of breaks in the PSDs. The PSD framework is a useful space to study the SFHs of galaxies since model predictions vary widely. Observational constraints in this space will help constrain the relative strengths of the physical processes responsible for this variability.
description: 31 pages, 17 figures (+ appendix). Resubmitted to MNRAS after responding to referee's comments. Comments are welcome!
Loitering universe models in light of the CMB
Creators: name: Elgaroy, O.
name: Mota, D. F.
name: Multamaki, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spatially flat loitering universe models have recently been shown to arise in the context of brane world scenarios. Such models allow more time for structure formation to take place at high redshifts, easing, e.g., the tension between the observed and predicted evolution of the quasar population with redshift. While having the desirable effect of boosting the growth of structures, we show that in such models the position of the first peak in the power spectrum of the cosmic microwave background anisotropies severely constrains the amount of loitering at high redshifts.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures. Included discussion of the linear growth factor. Matches version accepted for publication in PRD
MISASSESSED RISK IN CONSUMER VALUATION OF FOOD SAFETY: AN EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH
Creators: name: Brown, Jennifer
name: Cranfield, John A.L.
name: Henson, Spencer J.
name: Brown, Jennifer
name: Cranfield, John A.L.
name: Henson, Spencer J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety

description: This study estimates Canadian consumers' willingness to pay for food safety improvements and identifies systematic misassessments of food-borne risks. Non-hypothetical experimental auctions were used to elicit consumer valuations of food safety improvement. Consistent with behavioural research, results suggest that subjects generally overestimate the likelihood of becoming ill due to food-borne disease relative to scientifically-estimated odds. Subjects were willing to pay a positive amount to reduce food-safety risk. Risk reductions' valuations increased with higher initial risk, supporting arguments of diminishing marginal value for risk reductions.
Infinitesimal deformation quantization of complex analytic spaces
Creators: name: Palamodov, Victor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53D55, 16E40, 13D10, 32G05, 32C81, 81T70

description: Global constructions of quantization deformation and obstructions are discussed for an arbitrary complex analytic space in terms of adapted (analytic) Hochschild cohomology. For K3-surfaces an explicit global construction of a Poisson bracket is given. It is shown that the analytic Hochschild (co)homology on a complex space has structure of coherent analytic sheaf in each degree.
Additional file 2 of The effects of recreational cannabis use on glycemic outcomes and self-management behaviours in people with type 1 and type 2 diabetes: a rapid review
Creators: name: Porr, Caroline J.
name: Rios, Patricia
name: Bajaj, Harpreet S.
name: Egan, Aoife M.
name: Celine Huot
name: Batten, Ryan
name: Bishop, Lisa
name: Devonne Ryan
name: Davis, Erin
name: Nazia Darvesh
name: Arifur Rahman
name: Shabnam Asghari
name: Acheampong, Lily
name: Tricco, Andrea C.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2: Table S1 Literature search strategy.
On a stochastic partial differential equation with non-local diffusion
Creators: name: Azerad, Pascal
name: Mellouk, Mohamed
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary: 60H15; Secondary: 35R60

description: In this paper, we prove existence, uniqueness and regularity for a class of stochastic partial differential equations with a fractional Laplacian driven by a space-time white noise in dimension one. The equation we consider may also include a reaction term.
Probing the interaction between huntingtin and NMDA receptors
Creators: name: Icton, Carolyn D.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Huntington's Disease (HD) is caused by an expansion (>35) of a polyglutamine (polyQ) tract, in the N-terminus of the protein, huntingtin (htt). Evidence suggests that the selective degeneration of striatal neurons seen in HD is, in part, caused by overactivation of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) type glutamate receptors (NMDARs). Previously, our lab has shown that co-expression of NMDARs and full-length htt (138Q), in HEK 293 cells, results in a significant increase in glutamate-evoked current amplitude for NR1/NR2B but not NRl/NR2A-type NMDARs. Since channel function and/or receptor distribution of NMDARs may be modulated by interactions with cytoskeletal proteins, we postulate that the polyQ expansion in mutant htt permits the indirect interaction of htt with NMDARs through cytoskeletal proteins, contributing to changes in NMDAR properties and resulting in overactivation of the receptors. We began by characterizing protein expression of htt, htt interacting proteins (i.e. HIP-1), PSD-95 family members and components of the actin cytoskeleton (actin and a-actinin) in HEK 293 cells and striatal, hippocampal and cortical tissue from wildtype and transgenic mice (18Q and 46Q). HEK 293 cells were shown to endogenously express HIP-1, a-actinin and actin. The wildtype and transgenic mice expressed all proteins of interest with relatively high expression of PSD-95 and SAP-102. In addition, NR2A vs. NR2B expression in the mouse striatal, hippocampal and cortical tissues was compared. Densitometric analysis revealed expression levels of NR2B in the striatum, relative to the cortex, is higher as compared to NR2A. The expression of a-actinin was further examined in both HEK cells and mouse tissues using antibodies specific for two isoforms of a-actinin, a-actinin-2 and a-actinin-4. Alpha-actinin-4 was present in HEK 293 cells and striatal, hippocampal and cortical tissue from both wildtype and transgenic mice. In contrast to a-actinin-4, no cc-actinin-2 was detected. Following completion of protein characterization we began to address our hypothesis by investigating a potential interaction between HIP-1 and a-actinin-4 in transfected HEK 293 cells. We have established that there is an interaction between HIP-1 and a-actinin-4. This interaction could prove to be a mechanism by which htt indirectly binds to NMDARs.
Additional file 1 of The effects of recreational cannabis use on glycemic outcomes and self-management behaviours in people with type 1 and type 2 diabetes: a rapid review
Creators: name: Porr, Caroline J.
name: Rios, Patricia
name: Bajaj, Harpreet S.
name: Egan, Aoife M.
name: Celine Huot
name: Batten, Ryan
name: Bishop, Lisa
name: Devonne Ryan
name: Davis, Erin
name: Nazia Darvesh
name: Arifur Rahman
name: Shabnam Asghari
name: Acheampong, Lily
name: Tricco, Andrea C.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1 PRISMA checklist of reporting items for a systematic review.
Beta-decay studies for applied and basic nuclear physics
Creators: name: Algora, A.
name: Tain, J. L.
name: Rubio, B.
name: Fallot, M.
name: Gelletly, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this review we will present the results of recent beta-decay studies using the total absorption technique that cover topics of interest for applications, nuclear structure and astrophysics. The decays studied were selected primarily because they have a large impact on the prediction of a) the decay heat in reactors, important for the safety of present and future reactors and b) the reactor electron antineutrino spectrum, of interest for particle/nuclear physics and reactor monitoring. For these studies the total absorption technique was chosen, since it is the only method that allows one to obtain beta decay probabilities free from a systematic error called the Pandemonium effect. The measurements presented and discussed here were performed mainly at the IGISOL facility of the University of Jyvaskyla (Finland) using isotopically pure beams provided by the JYFLTRAP Penning trap. Examples are presented to show that the results of our measurements on selected nuclei have had a large impact on predictions of both the decay heat and the anti-neutrino spectrum from reactors. Some of the cases involve beta delayed neutron emission thus one can study the competition between gamma- and neutron-emission from states above the neutron separation energy. The gamma-to-neutron emission ratios can be used to constrain neutron capture (n,gamma)cross sections for unstable nuclei of interest in astrophysics. The information obtained from the measurements can also be used to test nuclear model predictions of half-lives and Pn values for decays of interest in astrophysical network calculations. These comparisons also provide insights into aspects of nuclear structure in particular regions of the nuclear chart.
description: 26 pages, 24 figures
EVALUATING RISK MANAGEMENT ALTERNATIVES FOR INDIANA CROP PRODUCERS
Creators: name: Rios, Ana R.
name: Patrick, George F.
name: Rios, Ana R.
name: Patrick, George F.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Risk and Uncertainty

description: Impacts of the expansion of crop insurance alternatives, increases in premium subsidies, and the 2002 Farm Bill are included in an evaluation of risk management strategies. Levels and variability of net farm revenue are analyzed by several criteria. Results indicate that effective strategies differ among geographical areas of Indiana.
Additional file 1 of Effects of crowding on the three main proteolytic mechanisms of skeletal muscle in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)
Creators: name: Cristián A. Valenzuela
name: Ponce, Claudia
name: Zuloaga, Rodrigo
name: González, Pamela
name: Avendaño-Herrera, Ruben
name: Valdés, Juan A.
name: Molina, Alfredo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Graphical abstract of the experimental design. Figure S2. Original western blot images used for growth signaling densitometric analysis. Figure S3. Original western blot and gel images used for ubiquitination densitometric analysis. Figure S4. Original western blot films scanned for autophagy densitometric analysis.
Additional file 2 of Targeting the honey bee gut parasite Nosema ceranae with siRNA positively affects gut bacteria
Creators: name: Huang, Qiang
name: Evans, Jay D.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2 File S2 code used for the statistics.
Interplay between magnetic fields and differential rotation in a stably stratified stellar radiative zone
Creators: name: Jouve, L.
name: Lignières, F.
name: Gaurat, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The present study aims at studying the flow and field produced by a stellar radiative zone which is initially made to rotate differentially in the presence of a large-scale poloidal magnetic field threading the whole domain. We focus both on the axisymmetric configurations produced by the initial winding-up of the magnetic field lines and on the possible instabilities of those configurations. We aim in particular at assessing the role of the stratification at stabilising the system. We perform 2D and 3D global Boussinesq numerical simulations started from an initial radial or cylindrical differential rotation and a large-scale poloidal magnetic field. Under the conditions of a large rotation frequency compared to the Alfvén frequency, a magnetic configuration strongly dominated by its toroidal component is built. The parameters of the simulations are chosen to respect the ordering of time scales of a typical stellar radiative zone. In this framework, the axisymmetric evolution is studied by varying the relative effects of the thermal diffusion, the Brünt-Väisälä frequency, the rotation and the initial poloidal field strength. We find that the axisymmetric state only depends on $t_{es}/t_{Ap}$, the ratio between the Eddington-Sweet circulation time scale and the Alfvén time scale. A scale analysis of the Boussinesq equations allows us to recover this result. In the cylindrical case, a magneto-rotational instability develops when the thermal diffusivity is sufficiently high to enable the favored wavenumbers to be insensitive to the effects of the stable stratification. In the radial case, the magneto-rotational instability is driven by the latitudinal shear created by the back-reaction of the Lorentz force on the flow. Increasing the level of stratification then leaves the growth rate of the instability mainly unaffected while its horizontal length scale grows.
description: 20 pages, 13 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
Kathrin Wagner, Jessica David und Matej Klemenčič (Hrsg.); Artists and Migration 1400–1850. Britain, Europe and beyond
Creators: name: Lind, Sabrina
Publisher: name: Journal für Kunstgeschichte
Year: 2024

description: Rezension zu: Kathrin Wagner, Jessica David und Matej Klemenčič (Hrsg.); Artists and Migration 1400–1850. Britain, Europe and beyond; Newcastle upon Tyne: Cambridge Scholars Publishing 2017; 220 S., 53 s/w Abb.; ISBN 978-1-4438-9974-1
description: Journal für Kunstgeschichte, Bd. 24 Nr. 2 (2020): Journal für Kunstgeschichte
THE AMENITY AND DISAMENITY IMPACTS OF AGRICULTURE: ESTIMATES FROM A HEDONIC PRICING MODEL IN SOUTHEASTERN PENNSYLVANIA
Creators: name: Ready, Richard C.
name: Abdalla, Charles W.
name: Ready, Richard C.
name: Abdalla, Charles W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Land Economics/Use

description: A hedonic pricing analysis in Berks County, Pennsylvania showed that houses located near open space had higher prices, but that the type of open space matters. At the same time, proximity to potential disamenities, including landfills, large animal production facilities, mushroom production operations, and the county's airport, was found to depress house prices.
Additional file 2 of DiMSum: an error model and pipeline for analyzing deep mutational scanning data and diagnosing common experimental pathologies
Creators: name: Faure, Andre J.
name: Schmiedel, Jörn M.
name: Baeza-Centurion, Pablo
name: Lehner, Ben
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 2. Review history.
GRB 050315: A step in the proof of the uniqueness of the overall GRB structure
Creators: name: Ruffini, Remo
name: Bernardini, Maria Grazia
name: Bianco, Carlo Luciano
name: Chardonnet, Pascal
name: Fraschetti, Federico
name: Guida, Roberto
name: Xue, She-Sheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the Swift data of GRB 050315, we progress in proving the uniqueness of our theoretically predicted Gamma-Ray Burst (GRB) structure as composed by a proper-GRB, emitted at the transparency of an electron-positron plasma with suitable baryon loading, and an afterglow comprising the "prompt radiation" as due to external shocks. Detailed light curves for selected energy bands are theoretically fitted in the entire temporal region of the Swift observations ranging over 10^6 seconds.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, to appear in the Proceedings of the 16th Annual October Astrophysics Conference in Maryland "Gamma Ray Bursts in the Swift Era", November 29-December 2, 2005, edited by Stephen S. Holt, Neil Gehrels and John Nousek
Development of the detector simulation framework for the Wideband Hybrid X-ray Imager onboard FORCE
Creators: name: Suzuki, Hiromasa
name: Tamba, Tsubasa
name: Odaka, Hirokazu
name: Bamba, Aya
name: Hagino, Koichi
name: Takeda, Ayaki
name: Mori, Koji
name: Hida, Takahiro
name: Yukumoto, Masataka
name: Nishioka, Yusuke
name: Tsuru, Takeshi G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: FORCE is a Japan-US space-based astronomy mission for an X-ray imaging spectroscopy in an energy range of 1--80 keV. The Wideband Hybrid X-ray Imager (WHXI), which is the main focal plane detector, will use a hybrid semiconductor imager stack composed of silicon and cadmium telluride (CdTe). The silicon imager will be a certain type of the silicon-on-insulator (SOI) pixel sensor, named the X-ray pixel (XRPIX) series. Since the sensor has a small pixel size (30--36 $μ$m) and a thick sensitive region (300--500 $μ$m), understanding the detector response is not trivial and is important in order to optimize the camera design and to evaluate the scientific capabilities. We have developed a framework to simulate observations of celestial sources with semiconductor sensors. Our simulation framework was tested and validated by comparing our simulation results to laboratory measurements using the XRPIX 6H sensor. The simulator well reproduced the measurement results with reasonable physical parameters of the sensor including an electric field structure, a Coulomb repulsion effect on the carrier diffusion, and arrangement of the degraded regions. This framework is also applicable to future XRPIX updates including the one which will be part of the WHXI, as well as various types of semiconductor sensors.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures, proceedings of the "12th International "Hiroshima" Symposium on the Development and Application of Semiconductor Tracking Detectors (HSTD12)", accepted for publication in Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment
Generalized Parton Distributions and Deep Exclusive Reactions: Present Program at JLab
Creators: name: Garçon, Michel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review briefly the physical concept of generalized parton distributions and the experimental challenges associated with the corresponding measurements of deep exclusive reactions.The first data obtained at Jefferson Lab for exclusive photon (DVCS) and vector meson (DVMP) electroproduction above the resonance-excitation region are described . Two upcoming dedicated DVCS experiments are presented in some detail.
Star--forming galaxies at intermediate redshifts: morphology, ages and sizes
Creators: name: de Mello, Duilia. F.
name: Wadadekar, Y.
name: Dahlen, T.
name: Casertano, S.
name: Gardner, J. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the analysis of the deepest near-UV image obtained with HST using the WFPC2(F300W) as part of the parallel observations of the Ultra Deep Field campaign. The U-band 10sigma limiting magnitude measured over 0.2 arcsec square is m(AB)=27.5 which is 0.5 magnitudes deeper than that in the HDF-North. We matched the U-band catalog with those in the ACS images taken during the GOODS observations of the CDF-South and obtained photometric-z for 306 matched objects. We find that the UV-selected galaxies span all the major morphological types at 0.2
description: 22 pages, 15 figures. Astronomical Journal Accepted
Postfledging habitat use and movements of Brewer’s Sparrows (Spizella breweri breweri) in the South Okanagan region
Creators: name: Yu, Janet Ho Yan
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The postfledging period is one of the least understood portions of the avian life cycle, yet it may have critical ecological and conservation importance. In many species, independent fledglings are known to disperse from natal sites to form juvenile groups. However, relatively little is known about their movement patterns and the habitats they use, which may be vital pieces of information for habitat conservation. Brewer's Sparrow {Spizella b. brewer!), a sagebrush obligate, is red-listed in BC due to its limited range. I investigated the movement patterns and habitat use of Brewer's Sparrows during the postfledging period. This study was conducted at four sites in the South Okanagan Valley. In total, 272 nestlings were color-banded. Systematic surveys were conducted at each site from mid-June to mid-July to determine patterns of habitat use and movements of resighted birds. Non-nesting habitats such as young aspen gullies and areas with tall shrub were preferred by juveniles and adults during the postfledging period at two sites. At the other two sites, these habitats were poorly represented. By mid-July, few individuals remained in sites where sagebrush was the dominant vegetation, while activity remained high at sites where deciduous vegetation was present. Radio telemetry was conducted at one site in August. Fifteen radio-tagged birds (12 juveniles and 3 adults) also spent most of their time along aspen gullies. The extensive use of non-nesting habitats by postfledging juveniles and postbreeding adults suggests that protection of homogeneous sagebrush nesting habitats alone may not be adequate to protect Brewer's Sparrows in the summer breeding grounds.
OPEN SPACE ALLOCATION AND TRAVEL COSTS
Creators: name: Kovacs, Kent F.
name: Kovacs, Kent F.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: The gain from dividing parks into smaller pieces to reduce travel costs is weighed against the loss in services the parks provide since they are smaller. The optimal number of parks is dependent on whether travel costs are concentrated in parts of the town.
Effective conductivity of composites of graded spherical particles
Creators: name: Yu, K. W.
name: Gu, G. Q.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have employed the first-principles approach to compute the effective response of composites of graded spherical particles of arbitrary conductivity profiles. We solve the boundary-value problem for the polarizability of the graded particles and obtain the dipole moment as well as the multipole moments. We provide a rigorous proof of an {\em ad hoc} approximate method based on the differential effective multipole moment approximation (DEMMA) in which the differential effective dipole approximation (DEDA) is a special case. The method will be applied to an exactly solvable graded profile. We show that DEDA and DEMMA are indeed exact for graded spherical particles.
description: submitted for publications
Surface Electromagnetic Waves Thermally Excited: Radiative Heat Transfer, Coherence Properties and Casimir Forces Revisited in the Near Field
Creators: name: Joulain, Karl
name: Mulet, Jean-Philippe
name: Marquier, François
name: Carminati, Rémi
name: Greffet, Jean-Jacques
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review in this article the influence of surface waves on the thermally excited electromagnetic field. We study in particular the field emitted at subwalength distances of material surfaces. After reviewing the main properties of surface waves, we introduce the fluctuation-dissipation theorem that allows to model the fluctuating electromagnetic fields. We then analyse the contribution of these waves in a variety of phenomena. They give a leading contribution to the density of electromagnetic states, they produce both temporal coherence and spatial coherence in the near field of planar thermal sources. They can be used to modify radiative properties of surfaces and to design partially spatially coherent sources. Finally, we discuss the role of surface waves in the radiative heat transfer and the theory of dispersion forces at the subwavelength scale.
description: Redig\'{e} \`{a} la fin de l'ann\'{e}e 2004. Accept\'{e} dans Surface Science Reports
Unstable Attractors: Existence and Robustness in Networks of Oscillators With Delayed Pulse Coupling
Creators: name: Ashwin, Peter
name: Timme, Marc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We consider unstable attractors; Milnor attractors $A$ such that, for some neighbourhood $U$ of $A$, almost all initial conditions leave $U$. Previous research strongly suggests that unstable attractors exist and even occur robustly (i.e. for open sets of parameter values) in a system modelling biological phenomena, namely in globally coupled oscillators with delayed pulse interactions. In the first part of this paper we give a rigorous definition of unstable attractors for general dynamical systems. We classify unstable attractors into two types, depending on whether or not there is a neighbourhood of the attractor that intersects the basin in a set of positive measure. We give examples of both types of unstable attractor; these examples have non-invertible dynamics that collapse certain open sets onto stable manifolds of saddle orbits. In the second part we give the first rigorous demonstration of existence and robust occurrence of unstable attractors in a network of oscillators with delayed pulse coupling. Although such systems are technically hybrid systems of delay differential equations with discontinuous `firing' events, we show that their dynamics reduces to a finite dimensional hybrid system system after a finite time and hence we can discuss Milnor attractors for this reduced finite dimensional system. We prove that for an open set of phase resetting functions there are saddle periodic orbits that are unstable attractors.
description: 29 pages, 8 figures,submitted to Nonlinearity
Pneumonia: a disease that occurs in winter in young calves
Creators: name: Dr Garima Choudhary & 1 Dr Narender Kumar Poonia
Publisher: name: The Science world a Monthly e magazine
Year: 2024

description: Introduction

Many diseases that animals can suffer during the winter season of which pneumonia is the most common in young calves. Pneumonia is the second most common health problem in young calves, after diarrhoea.
Teleparallel Gravitational Energy in the Gamma Metric
Creators: name: Salti, Mustafa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper has been removed by arXiv administrators because it plagiarizes gr-qc/0303034 and gr-qc/0212018.
description: This submission has been withdrawn by arXiv administrators due to inappropriate text reuse from external sources
FINANCIAL CHARACTERISTICS OF NORTH DAKOTA FARMS 1992-1994
Creators: name: Swenson, Andrew L.
name: Gustafson, Cole R.
name: Swenson, Andrew L.
name: Gustafson, Cole R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1995
Subjects: Agricultural Finance

description: End-of-year financial data from 700 farms enrolled in North Dakota Farm Business Management Education Program for the years 1992 to 1994 are analyzed according to 16 financial standards. All median profitability measures, median term debt coverage, term debt and capital margin, and median net farm income as a percent of gross revenue are lower in 1994 than in 1993. The median for all 16 financial measures deteriorated for 1994 in the south central and west regions due to lower livestock profitability. Financial performance of the north central region improved each of the three years.
Evolution and global charge conservation for polarization singularities emerging from nonhermitian degeneracies
Creators: name: Chen, Weijin
name: Yang, Qingdong
name: Chen, Yuntian
name: Liu, Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Core concepts in singular optics, especially the polarization singularity, have rapidly penetrated the surging fields of topological and nonhermitian photonics. For open photonic structures with degeneracies in particular, the polarization singularity would inevitably encounter another sweeping concept of Berry phase. Several investigations have discussed, in an inexplicit way, the connections between both concepts, hinting at that nonzero topological charges for far-field polarizations on a loop is inextricably linked to its nontrivial Berry phase when degeneracies are enclosed. In this work, we reexamine the seminal photonic crystal slab that supports the fundamental two-level nonhermitian degeneracies. Regardless of the invariance of nontrivial Berry phase for different loops enclosing both exceptional points, we demonstrate that the associated polarization fields exhibit topologically inequivalent patterns that are characterized by variant topological charges, including even the trivial scenario of zero charge. It is further revealed that for both bands, the seemingly complex evolutions of polarizations are bounded by the global charge conservation, with extra points of circular polarizations playing indispensable roles. This indicates that tough not directly associated with any local charges, the invariant Berry phase is directly linked to the globally conserved charge, the physical principles underlying which have all been further clarified by a modified Berry-Dennis model. Our work can potentially trigger an avalanche of studies to explore subtle interplays between Berry phase and all sorts of optical singularities, shedding new light on subjects beyond photonics that are related to both Berry phase and singularities.
description: The modified Berry-Dennis model in the previous version (arXiv:2006.06517v1) has been further refined, getting rid of the artificial field discontinuity
Understanding the Equilibrium Structure of CDM Halos
Creators: name: Shapiro, Paul R.
name: Ahn, Kyungjin
name: Alvarez, Marcelo
name: Iliev, Ilian T.
name: Martel, Hugo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: N-body simulations find a universal structure for the halos which result from the nonlinear growth of Gaussian-random-noise density fluctuations in the CDM universe. This talk summarized our attempts to derive and explain this universal structure by analytical approximation and simplified models. As an example, we show here that a 1D spherical infall model involving a fluid approximation derived from the Boltzmann equation can explain not only the halo density profile but its phase-space density profile, as well.
description: To appear in the proceedings of 21st IAP colloquium, "Mass Profiles and Shapes of Comological Structures"
Economic Value of Wildlife in the Lower Sheyenne River Basin: Comparison of Four Measurement Techniques
Creators: name: Leitch, Jay A.
name: Nelson, William C.
name: Leitch, Jay A.
name: Nelson, William C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1976
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: Wildlife is continually being reduced in numbers due to man's activities which are competitive with wildlife for the use of land. The authors hope that this report will assist individuals and groups in making decisions affecting the future population of wildlife.
Flip-flop phenomenon: observations and theory
Creators: name: Elstner, D.
name: Korhonen, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In many active stars the spots concentrate on two permanent active longitudes which are 180 degrees apart. In some of these stars the dominant part of the spot activity changes the longitude every few years. This so-called flip-flop phenomenon has up to now been reported in 11 stars, both single and binary alike, and including also the Sun. To explain this phenomenon, a non-axisymmetric dynamo mode, giving rise to two permanent active longitudes at opposite stellar hemispheres, is needed together with an oscillating axisymmetric magnetic field. Here we discuss the observed characteristics of the flip-flop phenomenon and present a dynamo solution to explain them.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures, contribution to the conference "Dynamos of the Sun, Stars and Planets", to be published in AN Volume 326
Interface instability in shear banding flow
Creators: name: Lerouge, S.
name: Argentina, M.
name: Decruppe, J. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the spatio-temporal dynamics of the interface in shear-banding flow of a wormlike micellar system (cetyltrimethylammonium bromide and sodium nitrate in water) during a start-up experiment. Using the scattering properties of the induced structures, we demonstrate the existence of an instability of the interface between bands along the vorticity direction. Different regimes of spatio-temporal dynamics of the interface are indentified along the stress plateau. We build a model based on the flow symetry which qualitatively describes the observed patterns.
Additional file 1 of DiMSum: an error model and pipeline for analyzing deep mutational scanning data and diagnosing common experimental pathologies
Creators: name: Faure, Andre J.
name: Schmiedel, Jörn M.
name: Baeza-Centurion, Pablo
name: Lehner, Ben
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1. Supplementary Figures S1 to S10.
[Brev til DKNVS]
Creators: name: Den Polytekniske Forenings Direksjon
name: Det Kongelige Norske Videnskabers Selskab (DKNVS)
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1862

description: VS har gitt pengestøtte til utgivelsen av Polyteknisk tidsskrift. Direksjonen redegjør for den økonomiske situasjonen
Enhancing Global SLS-Resolution with Loop Cutting and Tabling Mechanisms
Creators: name: Shen, Yi-Dong
name: You, Jia-Huai
name: Yuan, Li-Yan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Global SLS-resolution is a well-known procedural semantics for top-down computation of queries under the well-founded model. It inherits from SLDNF-resolution the {\em linearity} property of derivations, which makes it easy and efficient to implement using a simple stack-based memory structure. However, like SLDNF-resolution it suffers from the problem of infinite loops and redundant computations. To resolve this problem, in this paper we develop a new procedural semantics, called {\em SLTNF-resolution}, by enhancing Global SLS-resolution with loop cutting and tabling mechanisms. SLTNF-resolution is sound and complete w.r.t. the well-founded semantics for logic programs with the bounded-term-size property, and is superior to existing linear tabling procedural semantics such as SLT-resolution.
ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF HERBICIDE CONTROL OF LEAFY SPURGE (EUPHORBIA ESULA L.) IN RANGELAND
Creators: name: Bangsund, Dean A.
name: Leitch, Jay A.
name: Leistritz, F. Larry
name: Bangsund, Dean A.
name: Leitch, Jay A.
name: Leistritz, F. Larry
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: leafy spurge
subject: herbicides
subject: control
subject: economics

description: Leafy spurge (Euphorbia esula L.), a widely established exotic, noxious, perennial weed, is a major threat to the viability of commercial grazing and beneficial outputs of wildlands in the Upper Great Plains. Herbicide treatments are often recommended based upon measures of physical control rather than on economic criteria. Considering the wide geographic variation of leafy spurge infestations, the range of herbicide control alternatives, and the long-term consequences this weed creates, a need exists to assess the economics of herbicide control. A deterministic, bioeconomic model was developed to evaluate the economic viability of current herbicide control strategies for leafy spurge. Only under liberal assumptions and optimistic projections does broadcast herbicide treatment result in positive net returns for most grazing situations in the Upper Great Plains. However, herbicides usually result in less loss over the long-run than does no control.
Aktuelle Probleme der Unionsgespräche, vornehmlich bei den Missionskirchen
Creators: name: Meyer, Heinrich
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 4 Nr. 1 (1955): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 4, Heft 1