cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The role of Pop III stars and early black holes in the 21cm signal from Cosmic Dawn
Creators: name: Ventura, Emanuele M.
name: Trinca, Alessandro
name: Schneider, Raffaella
name: Graziani, Luca
name: Valiante, Rosa
name: Wyithe, J. Stuart B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Modeling the 21cm global signal from the Cosmic Dawn is challenging due to the many poorly constrained physical processes that come into play. We address this problem using the semi-analytical code "Cosmic Archaeology Tool" (CAT). CAT follows the evolution of dark matter halos tracking their merger history and provides an ab initio description of their baryonic evolution, starting from the formation of the first (Pop III) stars and black holes (BHs) in mini-halos at z > 20. The model is anchored to observations of galaxies and AGN at z < 6 and predicts a reionization history consistent with constraints. In this work we compute the evolution of the mean global 21cm signal between $4\leq z \leq 40$ based on the rate of formation and emission properties of stars and accreting black holes. We obtain an absorption profile with a maximum depth $δ{\rm T_b} = -95$ mK at $z \sim 26.5$ (54 MHz). This feature is quickly suppressed turning into an emission signal at $z = 20$ due to the contribution of accreting BHs that efficiently heat the IGM at $z < 27$. The high-$z$ absorption feature is caused by the early coupling between the spin and kinetic temperature of the IGM induced by Pop III star formation episodes in mini-halos. Once we account for an additional radio background from early BHs, we are able to reproduce the timing and the depth of the EDGES signal only if we consider a smaller X-ray background from accreting BHs, but not the shape.
description: 16 pages, 10 figures, Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Higher spins in the symmetric orbifold of K3
Creators: name: Baggio, Marco
name: Gaberdiel, Matthias R.
name: Peng, Cheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The symmetric orbifold of K3 is believed to be the CFT dual of string theory on AdS3 x S3 x K3 at the tensionless point. For the case when the K3 is described by the orbifold T4/Z2, we identify a subsector of the symmetric orbifold theory that is dual to a higher spin theory on AdS3. We analyse how the BPS spectrum of string theory can be described from the higher spin perspective, and determine which single-particle BPS states are accounted for by the perturbative higher spin theory.
description: 21 pages
Elucidating dislocation core structures in titanium nitride through high-resolution imaging and atomistic simulations
Creators: name: Salamania, J.
name: Sangiovanni, D. G.
name: Kraych, A.
name: Kwick, K. M. Calamba
name: Schramm, I. C.
name: Johnson, L. J. S.
name: Boyd, R.
name: Bakhit, B.
name: Hsu, T. W.
name: Mrovec, M.
name: Rogström, L.
name: Tasnádi, F.
name: Abrikosov, I. A.
name: Odén, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Although titanium nitride (TiN) is among the most extensively studied and thoroughly characterized thin-film ceramic materials, detailed knowledge of relevant dislocation core structures is lacking. By high-resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) of epitaxial single crystal (001)-oriented TiN films, we identify different dislocation types and their core structures. These include, besides the expected primary full a/2{110}<1$\bar{1}$0> dislocation, Shockley partial dislocations a/6{111}<11$\bar{2}$> and sessile Lomer edge dislocations a/2{100}<011>. Density-functional theory and classical interatomic potential simulations complement STEM observations by recovering the atomic structure of the different dislocation types, estimating Peierls stresses, and providing insights on the chemical bonding nature at the core. The generated models of the dislocation cores suggest locally enhanced metal-metal bonding, weakened Ti-N bonds, and N vacancy-pinning that effectively reduces the mobilities of {110}<1$\bar{1}$0> and {111}<11$\bar{2}$> dislocations. Our findings underscore that the presence of different dislocation types and their effects on chemical bonding should be considered in the design and interpretations of nanoscale and macroscopic properties of TiN.
The Melanau Cultural Influence in the Melanau Tall Longhouse Space Planning of Sarawak Political Buildings as Symbol of Political Culture
Creators: name: Dyg Mustika Syaheeda Awg Musadat
Publisher: name: TUENGR Group
Year: 2017
Subjects: Architectural spatial layout
Vernacular architecture
Space planning
Qualitative observation method
Melanau ethnic.

description: International Transaction Journal of Engineering, Management, & Applied Sciences & Technologies, 8, 4, 275-282
A Review on the Impact of Building Geometry Factors of Glass Fa?ade High-rise Buildings
Creators: name: Roslan, Nurul Hidayah
Publisher: name: TUENGR Group
Year: 2017
Subjects: Energy Efficient
Thermal Comfort
Urban heat island
Building orientation
Building shape
Window opening
Aspect ratio
Shading devices.

description: International Transaction Journal of Engineering, Management, & Applied Sciences & Technologies, 8, 4, 283-293
Ultra-widefield fundus autofluorescence in age-related macular degeneration
Creators: name: Fleischman, David
name: Zeng, Donglin
name: Houghton, Odette M.
name: Baldwin, James B.
name: Say, Emil A.
name: Shin, Sunyoung
name: Guduru, Abhilash
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Establish accuracy and reproducibility of subjective grading in ultra-widefield fundus autofluorescence (FAF) imaging in patients with age-related macular degeneration (AMD), and determine if an association exists between peripheral FAF abnormalities and AMD.
Odd-odd neutron-rich rhodium isotopes studied with the double Penning trap JYFLTRAP
Creators: name: Hukkanen, M.
name: Ryssens, W.
name: Ascher, P.
name: Bender, M.
name: Eronen, T.
name: Grévy, S.
name: Kankainen, A.
name: Stryjczyk, M.
name: Ayoubi, L. Al
name: Ayet, S.
name: Beliuskina, O.
name: Delafosse, C.
name: Gins, W.
name: Gerbaux, M.
name: Husson, A.
name: Jokinen, A.
name: Nesterenko, D. A.
name: Pohjalainen, I.
name: Reponen, M.
name: Rinta-Antila, S.
name: de Roubin, A.
name: Weaver, A. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Precision mass measurements of neutron-rich rhodium isotopes have been performed at the JYFLTRAP Penning trap mass spectrometer at the Ion Guide Isotope Separator On-Line (IGISOL) facility. We report results on ground- and isomeric-state masses in $^{110,112,114,116,118}$Rh and the very first mass measurement of $^{120}$Rh. The isomeric states were separated and measured for the first time using the phase-imaging ion-cyclotron-resonance (PI-ICR) technique. For $^{112}$Rh, we also report new half-lives for both the ground state and the isomer. The results are compared to theoretical predictions using the BSkG1 mass model and discussed in terms of triaxial deformation.
description: Submitted to Phys. Rev. C, revised version
Wide-field magnetometry with nitrogen-vacancy centers in randomly oriented micro-diamonds
Creators: name: Sengottuvel, S.
name: Mrózek, M.
name: Sawczak, M.
name: Głowacki, M. J.
name: Ficek, M.
name: Gawlik, W.
name: Wojciechowski, A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetometry with nitrogen-vacancy color centers in diamond has gained significant interest among researchers in recent years. Absolute knowledge of the three-dimensional orientation of the magnetic field is necessary for many applications. Conventional magnetometry measurements are usually performed with NV ensembles in a bulk diamond with a thin NV layer or a scanning probe in the form of a diamond tip, which requires a smooth sample surface and proximity of the probing device, often limiting the sensing capabilities. Here, we present a method for determining the three-dimensional orientation of the magnetic field vector relative to the diamond crystal lattice. We demonstrate that NV centers in arbitrarily oriented submicrometer-sized diamond powder deposited on a planar surface can be used for sensing the magnetic field. Our work can be extended to irregular surfaces, which shows a promising path for nanodiamond-based photonic sensors.
description: 10 pages + 2 pages in supplementary. Article published in Scientific Reports
The structure of disks around intermediate-mass young stars from mid-infrared interferometry. Evidence for a population of group II disks with gaps
Creators: name: Menu, J.
name: van Boekel, R.
name: Henning, Th.
name: Leinert, Ch.
name: Waelkens, C.
name: Waters, L. B. F. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The disks around Herbig Ae/Be stars are commonly divided into group I and group II based on their far-infrared spectral energy distribution, and the common interpretation for that is flared and flat disks. Recent observations suggest that many flaring disks have gaps, whereas flat disks are thought to be gapless. The different groups of objects can be expected to have different structural signatures in high-angular-resolution data. Over the past 10 years, the MIDI instrument on the Very Large Telescope Interferometer has collected observations of several tens of protoplanetary disks. We model the large set of observations with simple geometric models. A population of radiative-transfer models is synthesized for interpreting the mid-infrared signatures. Objects with similar luminosities show very different disk sizes in the mid-infrared. Restricting to the young objects of intermediate mass, we confirm that most group I disks are in agreement with being transitional. We find that several group II objects have mid-infrared sizes and colors overlapping with sources classified as group I, transition disks. This suggests that these sources have gaps, which has been demonstrated for a subset of them. This may point to an intermediate population between gapless and transition disks. Flat disks with gaps are most likely descendants of flat disks without gaps. Gaps, potentially related to the formation of massive bodies, may therefore even develop in disks in a far stage of grain growth and settling. The evolutionary implications of this new population could be twofold. Either gapped flat disks form a separate population of evolved disks, or some of them may further evolve into flaring disks with large gaps. The latter transformation may be governed by the interaction with a massive planet, carving a large gap and dynamically exciting the grain population in the disk.
description: 24 pages, 11 figures, A&A in press
The impact of weak lensing on Type Ia supernovae luminosity distances
Creators: name: Shah, Paul
name: Lemos, Pablo
name: Lahav, Ofer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When Type Ia supernovae are used to infer cosmological parameters, their luminosities are compared to those from a homogeneous cosmology. In this note we propose a test to examine to what degree SN Ia have been observed on lines of sight where the average matter density is \textit{not} representative of the homogeneous background. We apply our test to the Pantheon SN Ia compilation, and find two redshift bins which indicate a moderate bias to over-density at $\sim 2σ$. We modify the Tripp estimator to explicitly de-lens SN Ia magnitudes, and show that this reduces scatter of Hubble diagram residuals. Using our revised Tripp estimator, the effect on cosmological parameters from Pantheon in $Λ$CDM is however small with a change in mean value from $Ω_{\rm m} = 0.317 \pm 0.027$ (baseline) to $Ω_{\rm m} = 0.312 \pm 0.025$ (de-lensed). For the Flat $w$CDM case it is $Ω_{\rm m} = 0.332 \pm 0.049$ and $w = -1.16 \pm 0.16$ (baseline) versus $Ω_{\rm m} = 0.316 \pm 0.048$ and $w = -1.12 \pm 0.15$ (de-lensed). We note that the effect of lensing on cosmological parameters may be larger for future high-z surveys.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures. Accepted by MNRAS
Identifying Feng Shui's Form School Influence in the Internal Layout of Peranakan Architecture
Creators: name: Teh Boon Soon
Publisher: name: TUENGR Group
Year: 2017
Subjects: Chinese traditional architecture
Feng Shui Criteria
Built environment
Cheong Fatt Tze Mansion
Architectural Element.

description: International Transaction Journal of Engineering, Management, & Applied Sciences & Technologies, 8, 4, 301-316
On the Personality Traits of StackOverflow Users
Creators: Bazelli, B.
Hindle, Abram
Stroulia, E.
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2013

In the last decade, developers have been increasingly sharing their questions with each other through Question and Answer (Q&A) websites. As a result, these websites have become valuable knowledge repositories, covering a wealth of topics related to particular programming languages. This knowledge is even more useful as the developer community evaluates both questions and answers through a voting mechanism. As votes accumulate, the developer community recognizes reputed members and further trusts their answers. In this paper, we analyze the community's questions and answers to determine the developers' personality traits, using the Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count (LIWC). We explore the personality traits of Stack Overflow authors by categorizing them into different categories based on their reputation. Through textual analysis of Stack Overflow posts, we found that the top reputed authors are more extroverted compared to medium and low reputed users. Moreover, authors of up-voted posts express significantly less negative emotions than authors of down-voted posts.
End-pulled polymer translocation through a many-body flexible pore
Creators: name: Fiasconaro, A.
name: Diez-Senorans, G.
name: Falo, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: This paper studies the features of a homopolymer translocating through a flexible pore. The channel is modeled as a monolayer tube composed by monomers with two elastic parameters: spring-like two body interaction and bending three body recall interaction. In order to guarantee the stability of the system, the membrane is compounded by a lipid bilayer structure having hydrophobic body (internal), while the pore is hydrophilic in both edges. The polymer is end-pulled from the cis-side to the trans-side by a cantilever, to which is connected through a spring able to measure the force acting on the polymer during the translocation. All the structure reacts to the impacts of the monomers of the polymer with vibrations generated by the movement of its constituent bodies. In these conditions, the work done by the cantilever shows a nonmonotonic behavior with the elastic constant, revealing a resonant-like behavior in a parameter region. Moreover, the force spectroscopy registered as a function of time, is able to record the main kinetics of the polymer progression inside the pore.
Starspot induced effects in microlensing events with rotating source star
Creators: name: Giordano, Mosè
name: Nucita, Achille A.
name: De Paolis, Francesco
name: Ingrosso, Gabriele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the effects induced by the presence of hot and cold spots on the source star in the light curves of simulated microlensing events due to either single or binary lenses taking into account the rotation of the source star and the orbital motion of the lens system. Our goal is to study the anomalies induced by these effects on simulated microlensing light curves.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Spectral-Efficiency of Cell-Free Massive MIMO with Multicarrier-Division Duplex
Creators: name: Li, Bohan
name: Yang, Lie-Liang
name: Maunder, Robert G.
name: Sun, Songlin
name: Xiao, Pei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: A multicarrier-division duplex (MDD)-based cell-free (CF) scheme, namely MDD-CF, is proposed, which enables downlink (DL) data and uplink (UL) data or pilots to be concurrently transmitted on mutually orthogonal subcarriers in distributed CF massive MIMO (mMIMO) systems. To demonstrate the advantages of MDD-CF, we firstly study the spectral-efficiency (SE) performance in terms of one coherence interval (CT) associated with access point (AP)-selection, power- and subcarrier-allocation. Since the formulated SE optimization is a mixed-integer non-convex problem that is NP-hard to solve, we leverage the inherent association between involved variables to transform it into a continuous-integer convex-concave problem. Then, a quadratic transform (QT)-assisted iterative algorithm is proposed to achieve SE maximization. Next, we extend our study to the case of one radio frame consisting of several CT intervals. In this regard, a novel two-phase CT interval (TPCT) scheme is designed to not only improve the SE in radio frame but also provide consistent data transmissions over fast time-varying channels. Correspondingly, to facilitate the optimization, we propose a two-step iterative algorithm by building the connections between two phases in TPCT through an iteration factor. Simulation results show that, MDD-CF can significantly outperform in-band full duplex (IBFD)-CF due to the efficient interference management. Furthermore, compared with time-division duplex (TDD)-CF, MDD-CF is more robust to high-mobility scenarios and achieves better SE performance.
Photometric studies of two W UMa type variables in the field of distant open cluster NGC6866
Creators: name: Joshi, Yogesh C.
name: J., Rukmini
name: Joshi, Santosh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present photometric analysis of the two W UMa type binaries identified in the field of distant open star cluster NGC6866. Although these systems, namely ID487 and ID494, were reported in the Joshi et al. (2012), but a detailed study of these stars has not been carried out earlier. The orbital periods of these stars are found to be 0.415110+/-0.000001 day and 0.366709+/-0.000004 day, respectively. Based on the photometric and infrared colours, we find their respective spectral types as K0 and K3. The photometric light variations of both the stars show O'Connell effect which could be explained by employing a dark spot on the secondary components. The V and I bands light curves are analyzed using the Wilson-Devinney (WD) code and relations given by Gazeas (2009) which yield radii and mass of the primary and secondary components of the star ID487 as R1 = 1.24+/-0.01 Rsun, R2 = 1.11+/-0.02 Rsun, and M1 = 1.24+/-0.02 Msun, M2 = 0.96+/-0.05 Msun, and for the star ID494 as R1 = 1.22+/-0.02 Rsun, R2 = 0.81+/-0.01 Rsun, and M1 = 1.20+/-0.06 Msun, M2 = 0.47+/-0.01 Msun.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures, 2016, RAA, 16, 11
Understanding linkage to care with HIV self-test approach in Lusaka, Zambia - A mixed method approach
Creators: name: Bosomprah, Samuel
name: Holmes, Charles B.
name: Sharma, Anjali
name: Chilengi, Roma
name: Zanolini, Arianna
name: Chipungu, Jenala
name: Thimurthy, Harsha
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: HIV self-testing (HIVST) is a novel approach designed to assist in achieving the goal of at least 90% of the population that learn their HIV status. A self-test user with a positive test is required to visit a clinic to link into HIV care, yet little is known about patient preferences for linkage strategies. We examined the intention to link to care amongst potential HIVST users and the suitability of three linkage to care strategies in Lusaka Province, Zambia.
The constraint of plasma power balance on runaway avoidance
Creators: name: McDevitt, Christopher J.
name: Tang, Xian-Zhu
name: Fontes, Christopher J.
name: Sharma, Prashant
name: Chung, Hyun-Kyung
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a post-thermal-quench plasma, mitigated or unmitigated, the plasma power balance is mostly between collisional or Ohmic heating and plasma radiative cooling. In a plasma of atomic mixture $\{n_α\}$ with $α$ labeling the atomic species, the power balance sets the plasma temperature, ion charge state distribution $\{n_α^i\}$ with $i$ the charge number, and through the electron temperature $T_e$ and ion charge state distribution $\{n_α^i\},$ the parallel electric field $E_\parallel.$ Since the threshold electric field for runaway avalanche growth $E_{av}$ is also set by the atomic mixture, ion charge state distribution and its derived quantity, the electron density $n_e,$ the plasma power balance between Ohmic heating and radiative cooling imposes a stringent constraint on the plasma regime for avoiding and minimizing runaways when a fusion-grade tokamak plasma is rapidly terminated.
Syntax Errors Just Aren't Natural: Improving Error Reporting with Language Models
Creators: Campbell, J.
Hindle, Abram
Amaral, J.N.
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2014

A frustrating aspect of software development is that compiler error messages often fail to locate the actual cause of a syntax error. An errant semicolon or brace can result in many errors reported throughout the file. We seek to find the actual source of these syntax errors by relying on the consistency of software: valid source code is usually repetitive and unsurprising. We exploit this consistency by constructing a simple N-gram language model of lexed source code tokens. We implemented an automatic Java syntax-error locator using the corpus of the project itself and evaluated its performance on mutated source code from several projects. Our tool, trained on the past versions of a project, can effectively augment the syntax error locations produced by the native compiler. Thus we provide a methodology and tool that exploits the naturalness of software source code to detect syntax errors alongside the parser.
Modeling Freight Mode Choice Using Machine Learning Classifiers: A Comparative Study Using the Commodity Flow Survey (CFS) Data
Creators: name: Uddin, Majbah
name: Anowar, Sabreena
name: Eluru, Naveen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This study explores the usefulness of machine learning classifiers for modeling freight mode choice. We investigate eight commonly used machine learning classifiers, namely Naive Bayes, Support Vector Machine, Artificial Neural Network, K-Nearest Neighbors, Classification and Regression Tree, Random Forest, Boosting and Bagging, along with the classical Multinomial Logit model. US 2012 Commodity Flow Survey data are used as the primary data source; we augment it with spatial attributes from secondary data sources. The performance of the classifiers is compared based on prediction accuracy results. The current research also examines the role of sample size and training-testing data split ratios on the predictive ability of the various approaches. In addition, the importance of variables is estimated to determine how the variables influence freight mode choice. The results show that the tree-based ensemble classifiers perform the best. Specifically, Random Forest produces the most accurate predictions, closely followed by Boosting and Bagging. With regard to variable importance, shipment characteristics, such as shipment distance, industry classification of the shipper and shipment size, are the most significant factors for freight mode choice decisions.
Phase-space distributions of Bose-Einstein condensates in an optical lattice: Optimal shaping and reconstruction
Creators: name: Dupont, N.
name: Arrouas, F.
name: Gabardos, L.
name: Ombredane, N.
name: Billy, J.
name: Peaudecerf, B.
name: Sugny, D.
name: Guéry-Odelin, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply quantum optimal control to shape the phase-space distribution of Bose-Einstein condensates in a one-dimensional optical lattice. By a time-dependent modulation of the lattice position, determined from optimal control theory, we prepare, in the phase space of each lattice site, translated and squeezed Gaussian states, and superpositions of Gaussian states. Complete reconstruction of these non-trivial states is performed through a maximum likelihood state tomography. As a practical application of our method to quantum simulations, we initialize the atomic wavefunction in an optimal Floquet-state superposition to enhance dynamical tunneling signals.
description: 10 pages, 9 figures
A Black Box Technique to Reduce Energy Consumption of Android Apps
Creators: Bangash, A.A.
Ali, K.
Hindle, Abram
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2022

Android byte-code transformations are used to optimize applications (apps) in terms of run-time performance and size. But do they affect the energy consumption during this process? If they do, can we employ them to reduce an app’s energy consumption? Given that most existing energy optimization techniques require developers to modify their code, a byte-code level modification technique will save developers’ time and effort. In this paper, we investigate if byte-code transformations combined with genetic search can reduce an app’s energy consumption. After applying our technique on four real-world apps, we find that some combinations of the byte-code transformations reduce the energy consumption by up to 11%
A review of machine learning concepts and methods for addressing challenges in probabilistic hydrological post-processing and forecasting
Creators: name: Papacharalampous, Georgia
name: Tyralis, Hristos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Probabilistic forecasting is receiving growing attention nowadays in a variety of applied fields, including hydrology. Several machine learning concepts and methods are notably relevant towards addressing the major challenges of formalizing and optimizing probabilistic forecasting implementations, as well as the equally important challenge of identifying the most useful ones among these implementations. Nonetheless, practically-oriented reviews focusing on such concepts and methods, and on how these can be effectively exploited in the above-outlined essential endeavour, are currently missing from the probabilistic hydrological forecasting literature. This absence holds despite the pronounced intensification in the research efforts for benefitting from machine learning in this same literature. It also holds despite the substantial relevant progress that has recently emerged, especially in the field of probabilistic hydrological post-processing, which traditionally provides the hydrologists with probabilistic hydrological forecasting implementations. Herein, we aim to fill this specific gap. In our review, we emphasize key ideas and information that can lead to effective popularizations, as such an emphasis can support successful future implementations and further scientific developments. In the same forward-looking direction, we identify open research questions and propose ideas to be explored in the future.
Extraction of $ω$n, $ω$p and $ϕ$N scattering lengths from $ω$ and $ϕ$ differential photoproduction cross sections on the deuterium target
Creators: name: Han, Chengdong
name: Kou, Wei
name: Wang, Rong
name: Chen, Xurong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this study, we try to extract $ωn$, $ωp$ and $ϕ$N scattering lengths from the differential cross-section data of near-threshold $ω$ and $ϕ$ photoproductions not only to the energy at threshold t$_{thr}$, but also in t to t = 0. The incoherent data of $ω$ and $ϕ$ photoproductions on deuterium target for scattering length extractions are provided by CBELSA/TAPS Collaboration and LEPS Collaboration respectively, where the deuteron is usually approximated as a weakly bound state of a quasi-free neutron plus a quasi-free proton. Under the Vector Meson Doninance model and the assumption of energy independence of the differential cross-section, we obtained the $|α_{ωn^{*}}|$ and $|α_{ωp^{*}}|$ of loosely bound neutron and proton in the deuteron to be 0.709 $\pm$ 0.078 fm and 0.621 $\pm$ 0.022 fm respectively at threshold t$_{thr}$ (1.258 $\pm$ 0.130 fm and 1.056 $\pm$ 0.032 fm respectively in t to t = 0) for the first time by fitting the near-threshold data of $γ$d $\rightarrow$ $ω$n(p) and $γ$d $\rightarrow$ $ω$p(n). For a comparison study, we also extracted the scattering length $|α_{ωp}|$ of the free proton from the $ω$ photoproduction on the hydrogen target by CBELSA/TAPS Collaboration. With the near-threshold and incoherent $ϕ$ photoproduction data of $γ$d $\rightarrow$ $ϕ$pn by LEPS Collaboration, we obtained scattering length $|α_{ϕN}|$ of the bound nucleon inside the deuteron to be 0.109 $\pm$ 0.008 fm at threshold t$_{thr}$ and 0.276 $\pm$ 0.010 fm in t to t = 0, respectively. The obtained $|α_{ωp}|$ and $|α_{ϕN}|$ are basically in agreement with the experimental indications and the theoretical predictions within the current uncertainties.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures
Using machine learning and surface reconstruction to accurately differentiate different trajectories of mood and energy dysregulation in youth
Creators: name: Sunshine, Jeffrey L.
name: Phillips, Mary L.
name: Youngstrom, Eric A.
name: Travis, Michael
name: Arnold, L. Eugene
name: Horwitz, Sarah M.
name: Fristad, Mary A.
name: Bebko, Genna
name: Perlman, Susan B.
name: Holland, Scott K.
name: Bertocci, Michele A.
name: Dwojak, Amanda
name: Schirda, Claudiu
name: Birmaher, Boris
name: Diwadkar, Vaibhav A.
name: Findling, Robert L.
name: Bonar, Lisa
name: Gill, Mary Kay
name: Axelson, David
name: Iyengar, Satish
name: Versace, Amelia
name: Frazier, Thomas W.
name: Sharma, Vinod
name: Kowatch, Robert A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Difficulty regulating positive mood and energy is a feature that cuts across different pediatric psychiatric disorders. Yet, little is known regarding the neural mechanisms underlying different developmental trajectories of positive mood and energy regulation in youth. Recent studies indicate that machine learning techniques can help elucidate the role of neuroimaging measures in classifying individual subjects by specific symptom trajectory. Cortical thickness measures were extracted in sixty-eight anatomical regions covering the entire brain in 115 participants from the Longitudinal Assessment of Manic Symptoms (LAMS) study and 31 healthy comparison youth (12.5 y/o;-Male/Female = 15/16;-IQ = 104;-Right/Left handedness = 24/5). Using a combination of trajectories analyses, surface reconstruction, and machine learning techniques, the present study aims to identify the extent to which measures of cortical thickness can accurately distinguish youth with higher (n = 18) from those with lower (n = 34) trajectories of manic-like behaviors in a large sample of LAMS youth (n = 115; 13.6 y/o; M/F = 68/47, IQ = 100.1, R/L = 108/7). Machine learning analyses revealed that widespread cortical thickening in portions of the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, right inferior and middle temporal gyrus, bilateral precuneus, and bilateral paracentral gyri and cortical thinning in portions of the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, left ventrolateral prefrontal cortex, and right parahippocampal gyrus accurately differentiate (Area Under Curve = 0.89;p = 0.03) youth with different (higher vs lower) trajectories of positive mood and energy dysregulation over a period up to 5years, as measured by the Parent General Behavior Inventory-10 Item Mania Scale. Our findings suggest that specific patterns of cortical thickness may reflect transdiagnostic neural mechanisms associated with different temporal trajectories of positive mood and energy dysregulation in youth. This approach has potential to identify patterns of neural markers of future clinical course.
Microstates of a $2d$ Black Hole in string theory
Creators: name: Betzios, Panos
name: Papadoulaki, Olga
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyse models of Matrix Quantum Mechanics in the double scaling limit that contain non-singlet states. The finite temperature partition function of such systems contains non-trivial winding modes (vortices) and is expressed in terms of a group theoretic sum over representations. We then focus in the case when the first winding mode is dominant (model of Kazakov-Kostov-Kutasov). In the limit of large representations (continuous Young diagrams), and depending on the values of the parameters of the model such as the compactification radius and the string coupling, the dual geometric background corresponds to that of a long string (winding mode) condensate or a $2d$ (non-supersymmetric) Black Hole. In the matrix model we can tune these parameters and explore various phases and regimes. Our construction allows us to identify the origin of the microstates of these backgrounds, arising from non trivial representations, and paves the way for computing various observables on them.
description: 42+36 pages, 8 figures, fixed typos, added references
Charge-to-spin conversion in twisted graphene/WSe$_2$ heterostructures
Creators: name: Lee, Seungjun
name: de Sousa, D. J. P.
name: Kwon, Young-Kyun
name: de Juan, Fernando
name: Chi, Zhendong
name: Casanova, Fèlix
name: Low, Tony
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the twist angle dependence of spin-orbit coupling (SOC) proximity effects and charge-to-spin conversion (CSC) in graphene/WSe$_2$ heterostructures from first principles. The CSC is shown to strongly depend on the twist angle, with both the spin Hall and standard Rashba-Edelstein efficiencies optimized at or near 30° twisting. Symmetry breaking due to twisting also gives rise to an unconventional Rashba-Edelstein effect, with electrically generated non-equilibrium spin densities possessing spins collinear to the applied electric field. We further discuss how the carrier doping concentration and band broadening control the crossover between the Fermi-sea and -surface spin response, which reconciles the seemingly disparate experimental observations of different CSC phenomena.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, Supplementary Information (13 pages, 7 figures)
Validity and reliability of Chinese version of Adult Carer Quality of Life questionnaire (AC-QoL) in family caregivers of stroke survivors
Creators: name: Lin, Beilei
name: Li, Yingshuang
name: Mei, Yongxia
name: Ding, Chunge
name: Zhang, Zhenxiang
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: The Adult Carer Quality of Life questionnaire (AC-QoL) is a reliable and valid instrument used to assess the quality of life (QoL) of adult family caregivers. We explored the psychometric properties and tested the reliability and validity of a Chinese version of the AC-QoL with reliability and validity testing in 409 Chinese stroke caregivers. We used item-total correlation and extreme group comparison to do item analysis. To evaluate its reliability, we used a test-retest reliability approach, intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), together with Cronbach’s alpha and model-based internal consistency index; to evaluate its validity, we used scale content validity, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and exploratory factor analysis (EFA) via principal component analysis with varimax rotation. We found that the CFA did not in fact confirm the original factor model and our EFA yielded a 31-item measure with a five-factor model. In conclusions, although some items performed differently in our analysis of the original English language version and our Chinese language version, our translated AC-QoL is a reliable and valid tool which can be used to assess the quality of life of stroke caregivers in mainland China. Chinese version AC-QoL is a comprehensive and good measurement to understand caregivers and has the potential to be a screening tool to assess QoL of caregiver.
$A^2RID$ -- Anonymous Direct Authentication and Remote Identification of Commercial Drones
Creators: name: Wisse, Eva
name: Tedeschi, Pietro
name: Sciancalepore, Savio
name: Di Pietro, Roberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The recent worldwide introduction of RemoteID (RID) regulations forces all Unmanned Aircrafts (UAs), a.k.a. drones, to broadcast in plaintext on the wireless channel their identity and real-time location, for accounting and monitoring purposes. Although improving drones' monitoring and situational awareness, the RID rule also generates significant privacy concerns for UAs' operators, threatened by the ease of tracking of UAs and related confidentiality and privacy concerns connected with the broadcasting of plaintext identity information. In this paper, we propose $A^2RID$, a protocol suite for anonymous direct authentication and remote identification of heterogeneous commercial UAs. $A^2RID$ integrates and adapts protocols for anonymous message signing to work in the UA domain, coping with the constraints of commercial drones and the tight real-time requirements imposed by the RID regulation. Overall, the protocols in the $A^2RID$ suite allow a UA manufacturer to pick the configuration that best suits the capabilities and constraints of the drone, i.e., either a processing-intensive but memory-lightweight solution (namely, $CS-A^2RID$) or a computationally-friendly but memory-hungry approach (namely, $DS-A^2RID$). Besides formally defining the protocols and formally proving their security in our setting, we also implement and test them on real heterogeneous hardware platforms, i.e., the Holybro X-500 and the ESPcopter, releasing open-source the produced code. For all the protocols, we demonstrated experimentally the capability of generating anonymous RemoteID messages well below the time bound of $1$ second required by RID, while at the same time having quite a limited impact on the energy budget of the drone.
Electronic transport across linear defects in graphene
Creators: name: Páez, C. J.
name: Rodrigues, J. N. B.
name: Pereira, A. L. C.
name: Peres, N. M. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the low-energy electronic transport across grain boundaries in graphene ribbons and infinite flakes. Using the recursive Green's function method, we calculate the electronic transmission across different types of grain boundaries in graphene ribbons. We show results for the charge density distribution and the current flow along the ribbon. We study linear defects at various angles with the ribbon direction, as well as overlaps of two monolayer ribbon domains forming a bilayer region. For a class of extended defect lines with periodicity 3, an analytic approach is developed to study transport in infinite flakes. This class of extended grain boundaries is particularly interesting, since the $K$ and $K'$ Dirac points are superposed.
description: 15 pages, 13 figures
Energy Consumption Estimation of API-usage in Smartphone Apps via Static Analysis
Creators: Bangash, A.A.
Eng, K.
Jamal, Q.
Ali, K.
Hindle, Abram
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2023

Smartphone application (app) developers measure the energy consumption of their apps to ensure that they do not consume excessive energy. However, existing techniques require developers to generate and execute test cases on expensive, sophisticated hardware. To address these challenges, we propose a static-analysis approach that estimates the energy consumption of API usage in an app, eliminating the need for test case execution. To instantiate our approach, we have profiled the energy consumption of the Swift SQLite API operations. Given a Swift app, we first scan it for uses of SQLite. We then combine that information with the measured energy profile to compute E-factor, an estimate of the energy consumption of the API usage in an app. To evaluate the usability of E-factor, we have calculated the E-factor of 56 real-world iOS apps. We have also compared the E-factor of 16 versions and 11 methods from 3 of those apps to their hardware-based energy measurements. Our findings show that E-factor positively correlates with the hardware-based energy measurements, indicating that E-factor is a practical estimate to compare the energy consumption difference in API usage across different versions of an app. Developers may also use E-factor to identify excessive energy-consuming methods in their apps and focus on optimizing them. Our approach is most useful in an Integrated Development Environment (IDE) or Continuous Integration (CI) pipeline, where developers receive energy consumption insights within milliseconds of making a code modification.
A Multi-grained based Attention Network for Semi-supervised Sound Event Detection
Creators: name: Hu, Ying
name: Zhu, Xiujuan
name: Li, Yunlong
name: Huang, Hao
name: He, Liang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Sound event detection (SED) is an interesting but challenging task due to the scarcity of data and diverse sound events in real life. This paper presents a multi-grained based attention network (MGA-Net) for semi-supervised sound event detection. To obtain the feature representations related to sound events, a residual hybrid convolution (RH-Conv) block is designed to boost the vanilla convolution's ability to extract the time-frequency features. Moreover, a multi-grained attention (MGA) module is designed to learn temporal resolution features from coarse-level to fine-level. With the MGA module,the network could capture the characteristics of target events with short- or long-duration, resulting in more accurately determining the onset and offset of sound events. Furthermore, to effectively boost the performance of the Mean Teacher (MT) method, a spatial shift (SS) module as a data perturbation mechanism is introduced to increase the diversity of data. Experimental results show that the MGA-Net outperforms the published state-of-the-art competitors, achieving 53.27% and 56.96% event-based macro F1 (EB-F1) score, 0.709 and 0.739 polyphonic sound detection score (PSDS) on the validation and public set respectively.
Theory of rotationally resolved two-dimensional infrared spectroscopy including polarization dependence and rotational coherence dynamics
Creators: name: Kowzan, Grzegorz
name: Allison, Thomas K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two-dimensional infrared (2DIR) spectroscopy is widely used to study molecular dynamics but it is typically restricted to solid and liquid phase samples and modest spectral resolution. Only recently, its potential to study gas-phase dynamics is beginning to be realized. Moreover, the recently proposed technique of cavity-enhanced 2D spectroscopy using frequency combs and developments in multi-comb spectroscopy are expected to dramatically advance capabilities for acquisition of rotationally-resolved 2DIR spectra. This demonstrates the need for rigorous and quantitative treatment of rotationally-resolved, polarization-dependent third-order response of gas-phase samples. In this article, we provide a rigorous and quantitative description of rotationally-resolved 2DIR spectroscopy using density-matrix, time-dependent perturbation theory and angular momentum algebra techniques. We describe the band and branch structure of 2D spectra, decompose the molecular response into polarization-dependence classes, use this decomposition to derive and explain special polarization conditions and relate the liquid-phase polarization conditions to gas-phase ones. Furthermore, we discuss the rotational coherence dynamics during waiting time.
description: accepted, pre-proof version; 19 pages + 8 supplementary, 10 figures + 4 supplementary
Why Pluto Really isn't a Planet.pdf
Creators: name: Van Der Vegte, S.Y.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: Planetary Science
Planetary Geology
Solar System, Solar Physics, Planets and Exoplanets
Stellar Astronomy

description: In this essay, I will be explaining why Pluto has been reclassified as a dwarf planet, the requirements it does and doesn’t meet and why people should accept and understand Pluto’s demotion.
A contextual approach towards more accurate duplicate bug report detection
Creators: Alipour, A.
Hindle, Abram
Stroulia, E
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2013

Bug-tracking and issue-tracking systems tend to be populated with bugs, issues, or tickets written by a wide variety of bug reporters, with different levels of training and knowledge about the system being discussed. Many bug reporters lack the skills, vocabulary, knowledge, or time to efficiently search the issue tracker for similar issues. As a result, issue trackers are often full of duplicate issues and bugs, and bug triaging is time consuming and error prone. Many researchers have approached the bug-deduplication problem using off-the-shelf information-retrieval tools, such as BM25F used by Sun et al. In our work, we extend the state of the art by investigating how contextual information, relying on our prior knowledge of software quality, software architecture, and system-development (LDA) topics, can be exploited to improve bug-deduplication. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our contextual bug-deduplication method on the bug repository of the Android ecosystem. Based on this experience, we conclude that researchers should not ignore the context of software engineering when using IR tools for deduplication