cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Constraints on vacuum energy from structure formation and Nucleosynthesis
Creators: name: Adams, Fred C.
name: Mersini-Houghton, Laura
name: Grohs, Evan
name: Alexander, Stephon
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: This paper derives an upper limit on the density ρΛ of dark energy based on the requirement that cosmological structure forms before being frozen out by the eventual acceleration of the universe. By allowing for variations in both the cosmological parameters and the strength of gravity, the resulting constraint is a generalization of previous limits. The specific parameters under consideration include the amplitude Q of the primordial density fluctuations, the Planck mass Mpl, the baryon-to-photon ratio η, and the density ratio ΩM/Ωb. In addition to structure formation, we use considerations from stellar structure and Big Bang Nucleosynthesis (BBN) to constrain these quantities. The resulting upper limit on the dimensionless density of dark energy becomes ρΛ/Mpl4 < 10−90, which is ~30 orders of magnitude larger than the value in our universe ρΛ/Mpl4 ~ 10−120. This new limit is much less restrictive than previous constraints because additional parameters are allowed to vary. With these generalizations, a much wider range of universes can develop cosmic structure and support observers. To constrain the constituent parameters, new BBN calculations are carried out in the regime where η and G = Mpl−2 are much larger than in our universe. If the BBN epoch were to process all of the protons into heavier elements, no hydrogen would be left behind to make water, and the universe would not be viable. However, our results show that some hydrogen is always left over, even under conditions of extremely large η and G, so that a wide range of alternate universes are potentially habitable.
Request for the retraction of the manuscript “Public health in Kosovo after five difficult years of independence” (Review article). SEEJPH 2013 by authors Jerliu N, Ramadani N, Mone I, Brand H.
Creators: name: Jankovic, Slavenka
Publisher: name: South Eastern European Journal of Public Health (SEEJPH)
Year: 2015

description: South Eastern European Journal of Public Health (SEEJPH), Volume I, 2014
The Value of Chess Squares
Creators: name: Gupta, Aditya
name: Maharaj, Shiva
name: Polson, Nicholas
name: Sokolov, Vadim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose a neural network-based approach to calculate the value of a chess square-piece combination. Our model takes a triplet (Color, Piece, Square) as an input and calculates a value that measures the advantage/disadvantage of having this piece on this square. Our methods build on recent advances in chess AI, and can accurately assess the worth of positions in a game of chess. The conventional approach assigns fixed values to pieces $(\symking=\infty, \symqueen=9, \symrook=5, \symbishop=3, \symknight=3, \sympawn=1)$. We enhance this analysis by introducing marginal valuations. We use deep Q-learning to estimate the parameters of our model. We demonstrate our method by examining the positioning of Knights and Bishops, and also provide valuable insights into the valuation of pawns. Finally, we conclude by suggesting potential avenues for future research.
Magnetic field inference from the spectral region around the Mg I $b_2$ line using the weak-field approximation
Creators: name: Vukadinović, Dušan
name: Milić, Ivan
name: Atanacković, Olga
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigated the applicability of the weak-field approximation (WFA) for retrieving the depth-dependent line-of-sight (LOS) magnetic field from the spectral region containing the Mg I $b_2$ spectral line and two photospheric Ti I and Fe I lines. We constructed and used a 12-level model for Mg I atom that realistically reproduces the $b_2$ line profile of the mean quiet Sun. We tested the applicability of the WFA to the spectra computed from the FAL C atmospheric model with ad hoc added different magnetic and velocity fields. Then, we extended the analysis to the spectra computed from two 3D magneto-hydrodynamic (MHD) MURaM simulations of the solar atmosphere. The first MHD cube is used to estimate the Stokes V formation heights of each spectral line. These heights correspond to optical depths at which the standard deviation of the difference between the WFA-inferred magnetic field and the magnetic field in the MHD cube is minimal. The estimated formation heights are verified using the second MHD cube. The LOS magnetic field retrieved by the WFA is reliable for the magnetic field strength up to 1.4 kG even when moderate velocity gradients are present. The exception is the Fe I line, for which we found a strong discrepancy in the inferred magnetic fields because of the line blend. We estimated the Stokes $V$ formation heights of each spectral line to be: $\logτ_\mathrm{Fe}=-2.6$, $\logτ_\mathrm{Mg}=-3.3$, and $\logτ_\mathrm{Ti}=-1.8$. We were able to estimate the LOS magnetic field from the MURaM cube at these heights with the uncertainty of 150 G for the Fe I and Ti I lines and only 40 G for the Mg I $b_2$ line. Using the WFA we can quickly get a reliable estimate of the structure of the LOS magnetic field in the observed region. The Mg I $b_2$ line profile calculated from the quiet Sun MURaM simulation agrees very well with the observed mean spectrum of the quiet Sun.
description: abstract modified to fit arXiv requirements; 10 pages, 12 figures; accepted for publishing in A&A
Was Doctor Andreas Carolstadt, Unndt M. Simon Grynaeus by den Herren Predicanten zu Strasburg gehandelt, und geschrifftlich mit sich bracht haben die Artickl so zu Witenberg von wegen gemeiner Concordi gestelt
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1525

description: Öffentliche Bibliothek der Universität Basel
description: Lateinisch
description: Verzeichnung=Description=Inventaire Jan. 2010 Titel, Jahr und Signatur nach: Binz, unpublizierte Beschreibung (1945)
description: Verzeichnung=Description=Inventaire März 2015 HAN-Katalogisierungsregeln Minimalaufnahme nach: Binz, unpublizierte Beschreibung (1945)
description: Erschliessungsniveau Minimalniveau
description: Digitalisierung=Digitization=Numérisation April 2023 TIFF
Testing predictions of the quantum landscape multiverse 1: the Starobinsky inflationary potential
Creators: name: Valentino, Eleonora Di
name: Mersini-Houghton, Laura
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: The 2015 Planck data release has placed tight constraints on the allowed class of inflationary models. The current data favors concave downwards inflationary potentials while offering interesting hints on possible deviations from the standard picture of CMB perturbations. We here test the predictions of the theory of the origin of the universe from the landscape multiverse, against the most recent Planck data, for the case of concave downwards inflationary potentials, such as the Starobinsky model of inflation. By considering the quantum entanglement correction of the multiverse, we can place a lower limit on the local `SUSY breaking' scale b > 1.2 × 10(7) GeV at 95% c.l. from Planck TT+lowTEB. We find that this limit is consistent with the range for b that allows the landscape multiverse to explain a serie of anomalies present in the current data.
Adapting an ASR Foundation Model for Spoken Language Assessment
Creators: name: Ma, Rao
name: Qian, Mengjie
name: Gales, Mark J. F.
name: Knill, Kate M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: A crucial part of an accurate and reliable spoken language assessment system is the underlying ASR model. Recently, large-scale pre-trained ASR foundation models such as Whisper have been made available. As the output of these models is designed to be human readable, punctuation is added, numbers are presented in Arabic numeric form and abbreviations are included. Additionally, these models have a tendency to skip disfluencies and hesitations in the output. Though useful for readability, these attributes are not helpful for assessing the ability of a candidate and providing feedback. Here a precise transcription of what a candidate said is needed. In this paper, we give a detailed analysis of Whisper outputs and propose two solutions: fine-tuning and soft prompt tuning. Experiments are conducted on both public speech corpora and an English learner dataset. Results show that we can effectively alter the decoding behaviour of Whisper to generate the exact words spoken in the response.
description: Proceedings of SLaTE
Partially disordered antiferromagnetism and multiferroic behavior in a frustrated Ising system, CoCl$_{2}$-2SC(NH$_{2}$)$_{2}$
Creators: name: Mun, Eundeok
name: Weickert, Dagmar Franziska
name: Kim, Jaewook
name: Scott, Brian L.
name: Miclea, Corneliu
name: Movshovich, Roman
name: Wilcox, Jason
name: Manson, Jamie
name: Zapf, Vivien S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate partially disordered antiferromagnetism in CoCl$_2$-2SC(NH$_2$)$_2$, in which a-b plane hexagonal layers are staggered along the c-axis, rather than stacked. A robust 1/3 state forms in applied magnetic fields which the spins are locked, varying neither as a function of temperature nor field. By contrast, in zero field, partial antiferromagnetic order occurs, in which free spins are available to create a Curie-like magnetic susceptibility. We report measurements of the crystallographic structure, and the specific heat, magnetization, and electric polarization down to $T$ = 50 mK and up to $μ_{0}H$ = 60 T. The Co$^{2+}$ $S = 3/2$ spins are Ising-like and form distorted hexagonal layers. The Ising energy scale is well separated from the magnetic exchange, and both energy scales are accessible to the measurements allowing us to cleanly parameterize them. In transverse fields, a quantum Ising phase transition can be observed at 2 T. Finally we find that magnetic exchange striction induces changes in the electric polarization up to 3 $μ$C/m$^2$ and single-ion magnetic anisotropy effects induce a much a larger electric polarization change of 300 $μ$C/m$^2$.
Testing predictions of the quantum landscape multiverse 2: the exponential inflationary potential
Creators: name: Mersini-Houghton, Laura
name: Valentino, Eleonora Di
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: The 2015 Planck data release tightened the region of the allowed inflationary models. Inflationary models with convex potentials have now been ruled out since they produce a large tensor to scalar ratio. Meanwhile the same data offers interesting hints on possible deviations from the standard picture of CMB perturbations. Here we revisit the predictions of the theory of the origin of the universe from the landscape multiverse for the case of exponential inflation, for two reasons: firstly to check the status of the anomalies associated with this theory, in the light of the recent Planck data, secondly, to search for a counterexample whereby new physics modifications may bring convex inflationary potentials, thought to have been ruled out, back into the region of potentials allowed by data. Using the exponential inflation as an example of convex potentials, we find that the answer to both tests is positive: modifications to the perturbation spectrum and to the Newtonian potential of the universe originating from the quantum entanglement, bring the exponential potential, back within the allowed region of current data, and, the series of anomalies previously predicted in this theory, is still in good agreement with current data. Hence our finding for this convex potential comes at the price of allowing for additional thermal relic particles, equivalently dark radiation, in the early universe.
Letter to Editors: Misunderstanding should be avoided by precise formulation: Comment on Jerliu et al. “Public Health in Kosovo after five difficult years of independence”
Creators: name: Bjegovic-Mikanovic, Vesna
name: Marinkovic-Eric, Jelena
Publisher: name: South Eastern European Journal of Public Health (SEEJPH)
Year: 2015

description: South Eastern European Journal of Public Health (SEEJPH), Volume I, 2014
The impact of stellar evolution on rotating star clusters: the gravothermal-gravogyro catastrophe and the formation of a bar of black holes
Creators: name: Kamlah, A. W. H.
name: Spurzem, R.
name: Berczik, P.
name: Sedda, M. Arca
name: Dotti, F. Flammini
name: Neumayer, N.
name: Pang, X.
name: Shu, Q.
name: Tanikawa, A.
name: Giersz, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results from a suite of eight direct N-body simulations, performed with \textsc{Nbody6++GPU}, representing realistic models of rotating star clusters with up to $1.1\times 10^5$ stars. Our models feature primordial (hard) binaries, a continuous mass spectrum, differential rotation, and tidal mass loss induced by the overall gravitational field of the host galaxy. We explore the impact of rotation and stellar evolution on the star cluster dynamics. In all runs for rotating star clusters we detect a previously predicted mechanism: an initial phase of violent relaxation followed by the so-called gravogyro catastrophe. We find that the gravogyro catastrophe reaches a finite amplitude, which depends in strength on the level of the bulk rotation, and then levels off. After this phase the angular momentum is transferred from high-mass to low-mass particles in the cluster (both stars and compact objects). Simultaneously, the system becomes gravothermally unstable and collapses, thus undergoing the so-called gravothermal-gravogyro catastrophe. Comparing models with and without stellar evolution, we find an interesting difference. When stellar evolution is not taken into account, the whole process proceeds at a faster pace. The population of heavy objects tend to form a triaxial structure that rotates in the cluster centre. When stellar evolution is taken into account, we find that such a {\it rotating bar} is populated by stellar black holes and their progenitors. The triaxial structure becomes axisymmetric over time, but we also find that the models without stellar evolution suffer repeated gravogyro catastrophes as sufficient angular momentum and mass are removed by the tidal field.
description: 19 pages, 9 figures, 2 tables, Accepted by MNRAS
Image-guided Percutaneous Drainage for Treatment of Post-Surgical Anastomotic Leak in Patients with Crohn’s Disease
Creators: name: Stephens, Ryan
name: Byrne, James
name: Yu, Hyeon
name: Isaacson, Ari
name: Burke, Charles
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Anastomotic leaks with abscess formation are a common complication after bowel surgery in Crohn's disease patients. Image-guided percutaneous drainage is an attractive alternative to reoperation because of decreased morbidity and length of hospital stay. Because data for this specific population are scarce, the purpose of this study is to determine the safety and efficacy of image-guided percutaneous drainage in the management of post-surgical anastomotic leak in patients with Crohn's disease.

METHODS: A total of 41 patients who underwent percutaneous drain placement for the treatment of fluid collections due to anastomotic leak from September 2004 to November 2013 were retrospectively identified from the electronic medical record and picture archiving and communication system. Data recorded included number, size, and location of anastomotic leaks, number of drains placed, number of follow-up visits, post-drainage complications, abscess resolution, and subsequent surgeries.

RESULTS: In all, 41 patients with 76 fluid collections were identified as having received percutaneous drains. The mean number of targeted fluid collections per patient was 1.5, and the mean duration between surgery and percutaneous drain placement was 18.5 days. The mean number of drains placed was 1.6, and the median drain size was 10 French [range 8-16 French]. One of 41 [2.4%] patients experienced a minor complication from drain placement [injury to a superficial abdominal artery] and no major complications occurred. Two of 41 [4.9%] patients required repeat surgeries.

CONCLUSIONS: Image-guided percutaneous drainage for the treatment of post-surgical anastomotic leaks in Crohn's patients is effective and safe, with low rates of complications and reoperations.
Inverse design and demonstration of a compact and broadband on-chip wavelength demultiplexer
Creators: name: Piggott, Alexander Y.
name: Lu, Jesse
name: Lagoudakis, Konstantinos G.
name: Petykiewicz, Jan
name: Babinec, Thomas M.
name: Vučković, Jelena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Integrated photonic devices are poised to play a key role in a wide variety of applications, ranging from optical interconnects and sensors to quantum computing. However, only a small library of semi-analytically designed devices are currently known. In this paper, we demonstrate the use of an inverse design method that explores the full design space of fabricable devices and allows us to design devices with previously unattainable functionality, higher performance and robustness, and smaller footprints compared to conventional devices. We designed a silicon wavelength demultiplexer that splits $1300~\mathrm{nm}$ and $1550~\mathrm{nm}$ light from an input waveguide into two output waveguides, and fabricated and characterized several devices. The devices display low insertion loss $\left(2 - 4~\mathrm{dB}\right)$, high contrast $\left(12 - 17~\mathrm{dB}\right)$, and wide bandwidths $\left(\sim 100~\mathrm{nm} \right)$. The device footprint is $2.8 \times 2.8 ~\mathrm{μm}$, making this the smallest dielectric wavelength splitter to date.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures, 1 supplementary information figure
Cross sections of $α$-induced reactions for targets with masses $A \approx 20-50$ at low energies
Creators: name: Mohr, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A simple reduction scheme using so-called reduced energies $E_{\rm{red}}$ and reduced cross sections $σ_{\rm{red}}$ allows the comparison of heavy-ion induced reaction cross sections for a broad range of masses of projectile and target and over a wide energy range. A global behavior has been found for strongly bound projectiles whereas much larger reduced cross sections have been observed for weakly bound and halo projectiles. It has been shown that this simple reduction scheme works also well for $α$-particle induced reactions on heavy target nuclei, but very recently significant deviations have been seen for $α$+$^{33}$S and $α$+$^{23}$Na. Motivated by these unexpected discrepancies, the present study analyses $α$-induced reaction cross sections for targets with masses $A \approx 20-50$. The study shows that the experimental data for $α$-induced reactions on nuclei with $A \approx 20-50$ deviate slightly from the global behavior of reduced cross sections. However, in general the deviations evolve smoothly towards lower masses. The only significant outliers are the recent data for $^{33}$S and $^{23}$Na which are far above the general systematics, and some very old data may indicate that $^{36}$Ar and $^{40}$Ar are below the general trend. As expected, also the doubly-magic $^{40}$Ca nucleus lies slightly below the results for its neighboring nuclei. Overall, the experimental data are nicely reproduced by a statistical model calculation utilizing the simple $α$-nucleus potential by McFadden and Satchler. Simultaneously with the deviation of reduced cross sections $σ_{\rm{red}}$ from the general behavior, the outliers $^{23}$Na, $^{33}$S, $^{36}$Ar, and $^{40}$Ar also show significant disagreement between experiment and statistical model calculation.
description: 41 pages, 66 figures, EPJA invited review, in press
Search for a new heavy scalar particle decaying into a Higgs boson and a new scalar singlet in final states with one or two light leptons and a pair of $τ$-leptons with the ATLAS detector
Creators: name: ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A search for a new heavy scalar particle $X$ decaying into a Standard Model (SM) Higgs boson and a new singlet scalar particle $S$ is presented. The search uses a proton-proton ($pp$) collision data sample with an integrated luminosity of 140 fb$^{-1}$ recorded at a centre-of-mass energy of $\sqrt{s} = 13$ TeV with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. The most sensitive mass parameter space is explored in $X$ mass ranging from 500 to 1500 GeV, with the corresponding $S$ mass in the range 200-500 GeV. The search selects events with two hadronically decaying $τ$-lepton candidates from $H\to τ^+τ^-$ decays and one or two light leptons ($\ell=e,\,μ$) from $S\to VV$ ($V = W,\,Z$) decays while the remaining $V$ boson decays hadronically or to neutrinos. A multivariate discriminant based on event kinematics is used to separate the signal from the background. No excess is observed beyond the expected SM background and 95% confidence level upper limits between 72 fb and 542 fb are derived on the cross-section $σ(pp\to X\to SH)$ assuming the same SM-Higgs boson-like decay branching ratios for the $S\to VV$ decay. Upper limits on the visible cross-sections $σ(pp\to X\to SH \to WWττ)$ and $σ(pp\to X\to SH \to ZZττ)$ are also set in the ranges 3-26 fb and 6-33 fb, respectively.
description: 46 pages in total, author list starting page 28, 5 figures, 5 tables, published in JHEP. All figures including auxiliary figures are available at https://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/HDBS-2022-44
High-resolution 25 μm imaging of the disks around Herbig Ae/Be stars
Creators: name: Honda, M.
name: Maaskant, K.
name: Okamoto, Y. K.
name: Kataza, H.
name: Yamashita, T.
name: Miyata, T.
name: Sako, S.
name: Fujiyoshi, T.
name: Sakon, I.
name: Fujiwara, H.
name: Kamizuka, T.
name: Mulders, G. D.
name: Lopez-Rodriguez, E.
name: Packham, C.
name: Onaka, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We imaged circumstellar disks around 22 Herbig Ae/Be stars at 25 μm using Subaru/COMICS and Gemini/T-ReCS. Our sample consists of equal numbers of objects belonging to the two categories defined by Meeus et al. (2001); 11 group I (flaring disk) and II (at disk) sources. We find that group I sources tend to show more extended emission than group II sources. Previous studies have shown that the continuous disk is hard to be resolved with 8 meter class telescopes in Q-band due to the strong emission from the unresolved innermost region of the disk. It indicates that the resolved Q-band sources require a hole or gap in the disk material distribution to suppress the contribution from the innermost region of the disk. As many group I sources are resolved at 25 μm, we suggest that many, not all, group I Herbig Ae/Be disks have a hole or gap and are (pre-)transitional disks. On the other hand, the unresolved nature of many group II sources at 25 μm supports that group II disks have continuous at disk geometry. It has been inferred that group I disks may evolve into group II through settling of dust grains to the mid-plane of the proto-planetary disk. However, considering growing evidence for the presence of a hole or gaps in the disk of group I sources, such an evolutionary scenario is unlikely. The difference between groups I and II may reflect different evolutionary pathways of protoplanetary disks.
description: 7 figures, Accepted by ApJ
Identical and Fraternal Twins: Fine-Grained Semantic Contrastive Learning of Sentence Representations
Creators: name: Xiao, Qingfa
name: Li, Shuangyin
name: Chen, Lei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The enhancement of unsupervised learning of sentence representations has been significantly achieved by the utility of contrastive learning. This approach clusters the augmented positive instance with the anchor instance to create a desired embedding space. However, relying solely on the contrastive objective can result in sub-optimal outcomes due to its inability to differentiate subtle semantic variations between positive pairs. Specifically, common data augmentation techniques frequently introduce semantic distortion, leading to a semantic margin between the positive pair. While the InfoNCE loss function overlooks the semantic margin and prioritizes similarity maximization between positive pairs during training, leading to the insensitive semantic comprehension ability of the trained model. In this paper, we introduce a novel Identical and Fraternal Twins of Contrastive Learning (named IFTCL) framework, capable of simultaneously adapting to various positive pairs generated by different augmentation techniques. We propose a \textit{Twins Loss} to preserve the innate margin during training and promote the potential of data enhancement in order to overcome the sub-optimal issue. We also present proof-of-concept experiments combined with the contrastive objective to prove the validity of the proposed Twins Loss. Furthermore, we propose a hippocampus queue mechanism to restore and reuse the negative instances without additional calculation, which further enhances the efficiency and performance of the IFCL. We verify the IFCL framework on nine semantic textual similarity tasks with both English and Chinese datasets, and the experimental results show that IFCL outperforms state-of-the-art methods.
description: This article has been accepted for publication in European Conference on Artificial Intelligence (ECAI2023). 9 pages, 4 figures
Hybrid Composition of Microservices: A Metrics-based Analysis
Creators: name: Hasan, Razibul
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2023
Subjects: microservice
composition
choreography
orchestration
hybrid
coupling
cohesion
scalability

description: "Microservices" is an architectural and organizational style in software design and development in which there is a composition mechanism for independent microservices to call, communicate, and message each other within an application. The microservices composition approach makes design easier to scale, faster to develop, and can accelerate the introduction of new features into applications. To satisfy business requirements, selecting the proper composition style is important for software development; otherwise, application development may fail. The objective of this research is to investigate the hybrid method for composing microservices and compare it with other composition approaches (choreography and orchestration), using quality metrics from the software engineering and business process modeling literature. More precisely, we make use of coupling, cohesion, and scalability metrics to analyze BPMN models representing e-commerce scenarios modeled as microservice compositions. This thesis follows the five steps: research problem identification and objectives, requirement analysis and system design, model design and development, model testing and deployment, and evaluate our BPMN models representing microservice compositions. We develop multiple BPMN workflows as artifacts to analyze choreography, orchestration, and hybrid styles for the microservices composition of e-commerce scenarios. We propose several hybrid models by integrating orchestrations and choreographies in the same workflow. We created a series of small, mid-sized, and end-to-end workflows of e-commerce scenarios. At the tool level, we use the Camunda Modeler, Camunda Platform 8 (as the automation process engine), and Amazon Web Services (AWS) to design, develop, and deploy our models. Finally, we use our calculations of the coupling, cohesion, and scalability measures to reveal an understanding of modeling microservices choreography, orchestration, and hybrid approaches, and we discuss when to use a specific approach for microservices composition. We have found from the evaluation that our proposed models are less tightly coupled compared to those modeled using orchestration and choreography. However, we also discovered that the orchestration style offers better scalability and a lower ratio of coupling and cohesion compared to choreography and hybrid approaches.
Modal compression of the redshift-space galaxy bispectrum
Creators: name: Byun, Joyce
name: Krause, Elisabeth
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extend the modal decomposition method, previously applied to compress the information in the real-space bispectrum, to the anisotropic redshift-space galaxy bispectrum. In the modal method approach, the bispectrum is expanded on a basis of smooth functions of triangles and their orientations, such that a set of modal expansion coefficients can capture the information in the bispectrum. We assume a reference survey and compute Fisher forecasts for the compressed modal bispectrum and two other basis decompositions of the redshift-space bispectrum in the literature, one based on (single) spherical harmonics and another based on tripolar spherical harmonics. In each case, we compare the forecasted constraints from the compressed statistic with forecasted constraints from the full, uncompressed bispectrum which includes all triangles and orientations. Our main result is that all three compression methods achieve good recovery of the full information content of the bispectrum, but the modal decomposition approach achieves this the most efficiently: only 14 (42) modal expansion coefficients are necessary to obtain constraints that are within 10% (2%) of the full bispectrum result. The next most efficient decomposition is the one based on tripolar spherical harmonics, while the spherical harmonic multipoles are the least efficient.
description: 17 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables. To be submitted to MNRAS. Comments welcome
Advance care planning in cystic fibrosis: Current practices, challenges, and opportunities
Creators: name: Dellon, Elisabeth P.
name: Homa, Karen
name: Sabadosa, Kathryn A.
name: Chen, Elaine
name: Goggin, Jessica
name: Cohen, Rubin I.
name: Marshall, Bruce C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: AbstractBackgroundStudies in cystic fibrosis (CF) report late attention to advance care planning (ACP). The purpose of this study was to examine ACP with patients receiving care at US adult CF care programs.MethodsChart abstraction was used to examine ACP with adults with CF dying from respiratory failure between 2011 and 2013.ResultsWe reviewed 210 deaths among 67 CF care programs. Median age at death was 29years (range 18–73). Median FEV1 in the year preceding death was 33% predicted (range 13–100%); 68% had severe lung disease with FEV1p=pp=0.55). The frequency of ACP varied significantly among the 29 programs contributing data from four or more deaths.ConclusionsACP in CF often occurs late in the disease course. Important decisions default to surrogates when opportunities for ACP are missed. Provision of ACP varies significantly among adult CF care programs. Careful evaluation of opportunities to enhance ACP and implementation of recommended approaches may lead to better practices in this important aspect of CF care.
Testing gravity with the cosmic microwave background: constraints on modified gravity with two tensorial degrees of freedom
Creators: name: Hiramatsu, Takashi
name: Kobayashi, Tsutomu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide a cosmological test of modified gravity with two tensorial degrees of freedom and no extra propagating scalar mode. The theory of gravity we consider admits a cosmological model that is indistinguishable from the $Λ$CDM model at the level of the background evolution. The model has a single modified-gravity parameter $β$, the effect of which can be seen in linear perturbations, though no extra scalar mode is propagating. Using the Boltzmann code modified to incorporate the present model, we derive the constraints $-0.047 < β< -0.028$ at 68$\%$ confidence from Planck CMB data. Since our modified gravity model can hardly be constrained by the Solar System tests and gravitational-wave propagation, our result offers the first observational test on the model.
description: 11 pages. v2: typos corrected
Sexual health knowledge, attitude and risk perception among in-school and out-of-school female adolescents in Onitsha, Anambra State, Nigeria
Creators: name: Adogu, Prosper
name: Udigwe, Ifeoma
name: Nwabueze, Achunam
name: Adinma, Echendu
name: Udigwe, Gerald
name: Onwasigwe, Chika
Publisher: name: South Eastern European Journal of Public Health (SEEJPH)
Year: 2015

description: Aim: Young people need protective information and skills in order to reduce the risk associated with unsafe sex. This study assessed and compared the sexual health knowledge, attitude and risk perception of in-school and out-of-school female unmarried adolescents in Onitsha North Local Government Area, Anambra State, Nigeria. Methods: A comparative cross-sectional design was used in which 391 in-school female adolescents (mean age: 15.9±1.4 years ) were selected from 25 private and 17 public schools in Onitsha North Local Government Area, Anambra State, Nigeria using multistage sampling method. A comparison group of 392 out-of school female adolescents (mean age: 15.5±2.5 years) was also selected from a major market in the same Local Government Area using cluster sampling technique. Data was collected from the respondents with pre-tested, interviewer-administered questionnaires on reproductive and sexual health knowledge, risk perception and attitude, sexual behaviour, contraceptive knowledge and sources of sexual health information. Results: In-school girls demonstrated better knowledge of sexual and reproductive health compared to their out-of-school counterparts. The awareness of fertile period, contraception methods, STI and HIV transmission and prevention were all significantly better among the in-school adolescents compared to their out-of-school counterparts (P<0.05). They also had markedly higher risk perception of getting pregnant (P<0.05) or acquiring HIV infection (P<0.05) compared to their out-of-school counterparts. Conclusion: About 21% of adolescents in this study area were involved in risky sexual behaviour and this was higher among the out-of-school adolescents than their in-school counterparts. All stakeholders in the state and the Local Government Area should come together and develop interventions that would improve the sexual health knowledge and sexual risk perception of the adolescents.
description: South Eastern European Journal of Public Health (SEEJPH), Volume II, 2014
Self-perceived level of competencies of family physicians in transitional Kosovo
Creators: name: Skeraj, Fitim
name: Czabanowska, Katarzyna
name: Bojaj, Gazmend
name: Burazeri, Genc
Publisher: name: South Eastern European Journal of Public Health (SEEJPH)
Year: 2015

description: Aim: Family physicians and general practitioners are currently facing increasing demands to meet patients’ expectations and rapid technological and scientific developments. The aim of this study was to determine the self-perceived level of competencies of primary health care physicians in Kosovo, a post-war country in the Western Balkans. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Kosovo in 2013 including a representative sample of 597 primary health care physicians (295 men and 302 women; mean age: 46.0±9.4 years; response rate: 90%). A structured self-administered questionnaire was used in order to determine physicians’ competencies regarding different domains of the quality of health care. The questionnaire included 37 items organized into six subscales/domains. Answers for each item of the tool ranged from 1 (“novice” physicians) to 5 (“expert” physicians). An overall summary score (range: 37-185) and a subscale summary score for each domain were calculated for each participant. General linear model was used to assess the association of physicians’ self-perceived level of competencies with covariates. Results: The internal consistency of the whole scale (37 items) was Cronbach’s alpha=0.98. Mean summary score of the 37-item instrument and subscale summary scores were all higher in men than in women. In multivariable-adjusted models, mean level of self-perceived competencies was higher among older physicians, in men, those with >10 years of working experience, physicians serving >2500 people, specialized physicians and those involved in training activities. Conclusion: Our study provides useful evidence on the self-assessed level of competencies of primary health care physicians in post-war Kosovo. Future studies in Kosovo and other transitional settings should identify the main determinants of possible gaps in self-perceived levels of physicians’ competencies vis-à-vis the level of physicians’ competencies from patients’ perspective.
description: South Eastern European Journal of Public Health (SEEJPH), Volume II, 2014
Road to zero-field antiferromagnetic skyrmions in a frustrated AFM/FM heterostructure
Creators: name: Mohylna, M.
name: Tkachenko, V.
name: Žukovič, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate a mechanism of significant reduction, including complete elimination, of the external magnetic field required for the stabilization of a skyrmion lattice (SkX) phase in a frustrated triangular Heisenberg antiferromagnet (AFM) with the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction. It is achieved by coupling of such a AFM plane to a reference ferromagnetic (FM) layer, which generates an effective field cooperating with the external magnetic field. If the FM layer shows some axial single-ion anisotropy then the effective field can also be generated in zero external field due to a spontaneous FM long-range ordering. Then a sufficiently large interlayer coupling can fully substitute the external magnetic field and the SkX phase in the AFM layer can be stabilized even in zero external field.
description: 11 pages, 2 figures
Exact ground states and topological order in interacting Kitaev/Majorana chains
Creators: name: Katsura, Hosho
name: Schuricht, Dirk
name: Takahashi, Masahiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a system of interacting spinless fermions in one dimension which, in the absence of interactions, reduces to the Kitaev chain [A. Yu Kitaev, Phys.-Usp. \textbf{44}, 131 (2001)]. In the non-interacting case, a signal of topological order appears as zero-energy modes localized near the edges. We show that the exact ground states can be obtained analytically even in the presence of nearest-neighbor repulsive interactions when the on-site (chemical) potential is tuned to a particular function of the other parameters. As with the non-interacting case, the obtained ground states are two-fold degenerate and differ in fermionic parity. We prove the uniqueness of the obtained ground states and show that they can be continuously deformed to the ground states of the non-interacting Kitaev chain without gap closing. We also demonstrate explicitly that there exists a set of operators each of which maps one of the ground states to the other with opposite fermionic parity. These operators can be thought of as an interacting generalization of Majorana edge zero modes.
description: 13 pages, 1 figure; v2: a new appendix and references added
Biomarkers for cystic fibrosis drug development
Creators: name: Pilewski, Joseph
name: Sagel, Scott D.
name: Joseloff, Elizabeth
name: Accurso, Frank
name: Muhlebach, Marianne S.
name: Mayer-Hamblett, Nicole
name: Ziady, Assem
name: Heltshe, Sonya L.
name: Clancy,
name: Kelley, Tom
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: To provide a review of the status of biomarkers in cystic fibrosis drug development, including regulatory definitions and considerations, a summary of biomarkers in current use with supportive data, current gaps, and future needs.
Health-related behaviour among managers of Slovenian hospitals and institutes of public health
Creators: name: Farkas, Jerneja
name: Lainscak, Mitja
name: Kukec, Andreja
name: Kosnik, Mitja
Publisher: name: South Eastern European Journal of Public Health (SEEJPH)
Year: 2015

description: Aim: Behavioural risk factors have a significant impact on health. We aimed to assess health-related behaviour, health status, and use of healthcare services among managers of Slovenian hospitals and institutes of public health. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study which included management (directors, scientific directors, directors’ deputies) of Slovenian hospitals and institutes of public health (63 respondents; 57% women; overall mean age: 51±7 years; response rate: 74%). Data were obtained using an anonymous self-administered questionnaire. Results: About 35% of respondents were directors. More than half of the respondents were overweight or obese (52%), the majority were not sufficiently physically active (59%) and overloaded with stress (87%). Hypercholesterolemia (36%), spinal disease (17%), and arterial hypertension (16%) were most common chronic diseases. Whilst only few participants visited their general practitioner due their health complaints, blood pressure (76%), cholesterol (51%), and glucose (54%) were measured within last year in most of the respondents. Conclusion: Our findings point to a high prevalence of overweight and obesity as well as workplace-related stress among Slovenian public health managers. Therefore, effective preventive strategies should be focused on stress management along with promotion of healthy behavioural patterns.
description: South Eastern European Journal of Public Health (SEEJPH), Volume II, 2014
Non-thermal photons and a Fermi-Dirac spectral distribution
Creators: name: Ievlev, Evgenii
name: Good, Michael R. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Although non-intuitive, an accelerated electron along a particular trajectory can be shown to emit classical electromagnetic radiation in the form of a Fermi-Dirac spectral distribution when observed in a particular angular regime. We investigate the relationship between the distribution, spectrum, and particle count. The result for the moving point charge is classical, as it accelerates along an exactly known trajectory. We map to the semi-classical regime of the moving mirror model with a quantized spin-0 field. The scalars also possess a $β$ Bogoliubov coefficient distribution with Fermi-Dirac form in the respective frequency regime.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Sex-differences in socioeconomic status and health-seeking behaviour among tuberculosis patients in transitional Albania in 2012-2013
Creators: name: Kurti, Vera
name: Hafizi, Hasan
name: Kurt, Bardhyl
name: Kurti, Vera
name: Hafizi, Hasan
name: Kurti, Bardhyl
Publisher: name: South Eastern European Journal of Public Health (SEEJPH)
Year: 2015

description: Aim: There is little scientific evidence about the main determinants of sex discrepancies in tuberculosis rates in Albania. The aim of this study was to assess the sex-differences in socioeconomic characteristics, knowledge and attitudes about tuberculosis and access to health care among tuberculosis patients in Albania, a transitional country in the Western Balkans. Methods: Our analysis involved all the new cases of pulmonary tuberculosis diagnosed in Albania during the period June 2012 – June 2013 (N=197; 69% males; overall mean age: 44±19 years). The recording and reporting system of tuberculosis cases was performed according to the WHO and EuroTB Surveillance guidelines. Information on socioeconomic characteristics of the patients, knowledge and attitudes about tuberculosis and access to health care was also collected. Logistic regression was used to assess the correlates of sex-differences among tuberculosis patients. Results: In multivariable-adjusted models, female sex was positively related to unemployment (OR=3.7, 95%CI=1.8-7.7), bad living conditions (OR=3.0, 95%CI=1.4-6.5), a longer distance to health care facility (OR=3.0, 95%CI=1.4-6.3), a lower level of knowledge about tuberculosis (OR=3.1, 95%CI=1.3-7.1) and a higher level of stigma against tuberculosis (OR=3.6, 95%CI=1.6-7.9). Conclusion: Our study informs about selected correlates of sex-differences in tuberculosis rates in post-communist Albania. Future studies should more vigorously explore determinants of sex-differences in tuberculosis rates in countries of the Western Balkans.
description: South Eastern European Journal of Public Health (SEEJPH), Volume II, 2014