cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Dynamic Associations among Somatic Complaints, Human Energy, and Discretionary Behaviors: Experiences with Pain Fluctuations at Work
Creators: name: Christian, Michael S.
Publisher: name: Sage
Year: 2015
Subjects: Work environment
pain

description: Using data from two experience-sampling studies, this paper investigates the dynamic relationships between discretionary behaviors at work—voluntary tasks that employees perform—and internal somatic complaints, focusing specifically on a person’s pain fluctuations. Integrating theories of human energy with evidence from the organizational, psychological, and medical sciences, we argue that pain both depletes and redirects the allocation of employees’ energy. We hypothesize that somatic pain is associated with depleted resources and lowered work engagement, which in turn are related to ebbs and flows in discretionary behaviors, but that people will habituate to the negative effects of pain over time. Data from the two studies largely support our hypotheses. Study 1 explores the daily experiences of a sample of office workers with chronic pain, while Study 2 extends the findings to a larger non-clinical population and examines the effect of momentary pain during the workday. Our results suggest that pain fluctuations, through their effects on two forms of human energy, potential and in-use energy, are associated with increased withdrawal and a decrease in proactive extra-role behaviors at work. The results also suggest that employees who have experienced chronic pain for a longer time are less affected by the normally depleting effects of pain.
Deterministic generation of remote entanglement with active quantum feedback
Creators: name: Martin, Leigh
name: Motzoi, Felix
name: Li, Hanhan
name: Sarovar, Mohan
name: Whaley, Birgitta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the task of deterministically entangling two remote qubits using joint measurement and feedback, but no directly entangling Hamiltonian. In order to formulate the most effective experimentally feasible protocol, we introduce the notion of average sense locally optimal (ASLO) feedback protocols, which do not require real-time quantum state estimation, a difficult component of real-time quantum feedback control. We use this notion of optimality to construct two protocols which can deterministically create maximal entanglement: a semiclassical feedback protocol for low efficiency measurements and a quantum feedback protocol for high efficiency measurements. The latter reduces to direct feedback in the continuous-time limit, whose dynamics can be modeled by a Wiseman-Milburn feedback master equation which yields an analytic solution in the limit of unit measurement efficiency. Our formalism can smoothly interpolate between continuous-time and discrete-time descriptions of feedback dynamics, and we exploit this feature to then derive a superior hybrid protocol for arbitrary non-unit measurement efficiency that switches between quantum and semiclassical protocols. Finally, we show using simulations incorporating experimental imperfections that deterministic entanglement of remote superconducting qubits may be achieved with current technology using the continuous-time feedback protocol alone.
Socio-ecological influences on the dual dimensions of political ideology
Creators: name: Claessens, Scott
name: Sibley, Chris
name: Atkinson, Quentin
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Personality and Social Contexts
subject: Social Psychology
subject: Biological Psychology
subject: Political Science
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Political ideology
subject: Right Wing Authoritarianism
subject: Social Dominance Orientation
subject: Socio-ecological influences

description: This pre-registration describes our analysis plan for the project "Socio-ecological influences on the dual dimensions of political ideology".
Question-Asking Patterns during Problem-Based Learning Tutorials: Formal Functional Roles
Creators: name: Valtanen, Juri
Publisher: name: Journal of Problem Based Learning in Higher Education
Year: 2014

description: Question-asking is essential for being, knowing and learning. However, classroom research has confirmed that students do not ask questions spontaneously and teachers ask the most questions, mainly low-level ones. The purpose of this qualitative case-study is to investigate question-asking during problem-based learning (PBL) tutorials, a subject rarely studied. By filling this gap, this study, based on video-recorded data from 20 small-group tutorial sessions, provides fresh perspective and contributes to the field by focusing on formal functional roles. The analysis reveals that despite the high incidence of questions, they are imbalanced regarding their type and who asks them. The study confirms that students do acquire the skill of question-asking during PBL tutorials. However, to maximize the benefits of question-asking for epistemological and ontological development, more innovative learning activities must be designed and realised in tutorials.
description: Journal of Problem Based Learning in Higher Education, Vol 2 No 1 (2014)
Lattice Boltzmann Model for Electronic Structure Simulations
Creators: name: Mendoza, M.
name: Herrmann, H. J.
name: Succi, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, a new connection between density functional theory and kinetic theory has been proposed. In particular, it was shown that the Kohn-Sham (KS) equations can be reformulated as a macroscopic limit of the steady-state solution of a suitable single-particle kinetic equation. By using a discrete version of this new formalism, the exchange and correlation energies of simple atoms and the geometrical configuration of the methane molecule were calculated accurately. Here, we discuss the main ideas behind the lattice kinetic approach to electronic structure computations, offer some considerations for prospective extensions, and also show additional numerical results, namely the geometrical configuration of the water molecule.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures
A Systematic Review of Transcriptional Dysregulation in Huntington`s Disease Studied by RNA sequencing
Creators: name: Chasapopoulou, Zoi
name: Guo, Xuanzong
name: Yildirim, Ferah
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Life Sciences
subject: Huntingtin
subject: Huntington's Disease
subject: Neurodegeneration
subject: Neurodegenerative Disorder
subject: RNA-seq
subject: RNA sequencing
subject: Systematic Review
subject: Transcriptional Dysregulation
subject: Transcriptome Analysis

description: Summarizing all RNA-seq based gene expression studies in HD and performing a synthesis of all available datasets of differential expression
Corporate social responsibility as a tool to enhance the fight against HIV/AIDS
Creators: name: Jongh, Maggie : De
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2010
Subjects: AIDS
corporate responsibility
right to health

description: Second semester University: Université de Montpellier.
description: The question as to what extent Corporate Social Responsibility can contribute to the fight against HIV/AIDS touches upon many interesting questions. The rights of HIV positive people find their basis in the right to health. When assessing the difficulties for States to realise the right to health, issues such as the impact of patents on access to medicine are important. This matter simultaneously demonstrates a first link between the fight against HIV/AIDS and the private sector. The adverse social and economic consequences of HIV/AIDS provides the reader with an idea of the impact it has on the lives of persons living with HIV/AIDS, their loved ones, the community but also on national economy and the functioning of the private sector. The question arises whether corporations have a moral or legal duty to contribute to the fight against HIV/AIDS and the realisation of human rights in general. This dissertation underscores the fact that corporations share a responsibility towards society.The social contribution required from corporations, provided it remains economically viable, should in the future be embedded in a legally binding framework on Corporate Responsibility and human rights.
Beating the loneliness during COVID19 lockdown in nursing homes
Creators: name: Dezutter, Jessie
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: COVID19 Nursing Homes Loneliness Depression

description: see pdf at the project site 'Loneliness, meaninglessness and depression of older adults during COVID 19 lockdown part 1: beating the loneliness during COVID19 lockdown in nursing homes
From cases to projects in problem-based medical education
Creators: name: Stentoft, Diana
name: Duroux, Meg
name: Fink, Trine
name: Emmersen, Jeppe
Publisher: name: Journal of Problem Based Learning in Higher Education
Year: 2014

description: Problem-based learning (PBL) based on patient cases has become a well-established worldwide educational approach in medical education. Recent studies indicate that case-based PBL when used throughout an entire curriculum may develop into a counter-productive routine for students as well as teachers. Consequently, there is a need to develop PBL approaches further allowing students to work with more ill-defined problems and alternative learning structures. In this paper, we argue that this can be realised by introducing project-PBL into the medical curriculum, as in the medical education at Aalborg University, Denmark. We outline organisations of case- and project- PBL in the medical curriculum and present an explorative study of 116 first and second year students’ experiences working in the two settings of PBL. Results reveal that students generally rate their PBL experiences positively however, project-PBL is rated more positively than case-PBL on all parameters studied. These results invite further consideration of the differences in working with cases and projects. Two central differences are discussed; the nature of the problem as the trigger of learning and students' possibilities for directing their own learning processes. The study demonstrates that introducing project-PBL may contribute significantly in problem-based medical education. However, the need for extensive research into advantages and limitations of the combined use of case- and project-PBL is also emphasised.
description: Journal of Problem Based Learning in Higher Education, Vol 2 No 1 (2014)
PBL and Creative Processes
Creators: name: Armitage, Andrew
name: Pihl, Ole
name: Ryberg, Thomas
Publisher: name: Journal of Problem Based Learning in Higher Education
Year: 2015

description: Problem Based Learning (PBL) is a pedagogical approach that encourages those who take part in its processes to act both as supportive change agents working in collaboration with colleagues, and also as individuals to use their creativity in finding solutions to practical problems. The process of questioning the issues and finding novel solutions using the creative spirit are also challenging for those who teach and deliver PBL based curriculum, and poses some fundamental questions.
description: Journal of Problem Based Learning in Higher Education, Vol 3 No 1 (2015): Special Issue: PBL and Creative Processes
Sociosexual orientation and mate retention behaviors
Creators: name: Holden, Christopher
name: Davis, Kaleb
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Personality and Social Contexts
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: dyadic data
subject: evolutionary psychology
subject: mate retention
subject: sociosexual orientation

description: This project is an extension of previous work registered here: https://osf.io/4tzjw/ We are registering this as a separate project because we are conducting analyses not fully specified in the previous registration.
Community Engagement in Archaeology (Encyclopedia of Global Archaeology)
Creators: name: Agbe-Davies, Anna S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Pre-production proof of:

    Agbe-Davies A.S. (2014) Community Engagement in Archaeology. In: Smith C. (eds) Encyclopedia of Global Archaeology. Springer, New York, NY.

Online ISBN 978-1-4419-0465-2
Analog of the Peter-Weyl Expansion for Lorentz Group
Creators: name: Perlov, Leonid
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The expansion of a square integrable function on $SL(2,C)$ into the sum of the principal series matrix coefficients with the specially selected representation parameters was recently used in the Loop Quantum Gravity $\cite{RovelliBook2}$, $\cite{Rovelli2010}$. In this paper we prove that the sum $\sum\limits_{j=1}^{\infty}\sum\limits_{|m| \le j}\sum\limits_{|n| \le j} \frac{D^{(j, τj)}_{jm, jn}(g)}{j^k}$, where $ j, m, n \in Z, τ\in C$ is convergent to a square integrable function on $SL(2,C)$. We also prove that for each fixed m: $\sum\limits_{j=1}^{\infty}\frac{D^{(j, τj)}_{jm, jm}(g)}{j^k}$ is convergent and that the limit is a square integrable function on $SL(2,C)$. We then prove convergence of the sums $\sum\limits_{j=|p|}^{\infty}\sum\limits_{|m| \le j}\sum\limits_{|n| \le j} d^{\frac{j}{2}}_{pm} D^{(j, τj)}_{jm, jn}(g)$, where $d^{\frac{j}{2}}_{|p|m} = (j+1)^{\frac{1}{2}}\int\limits_{SU(2)}ϕ(u)\overline{ D^{\frac{j}{2}}_{|p|m}(u)} \; du \; $ is $ϕ(u)$'s Fourier transform and $ p, j, m, n \in Z, τ\in C, u \in SU(2), g \in SL(2,C)$, thus establishing the map between the square integrable functions on $SU(2)$ and the space of the functions on $SL(2,C)$. Such maps were first used in $\cite{RovelliBook2}$.
The behaviour change strategies, barriers and facilitators that influence exercise among university students
Creators: name: Brown, Catherine
name: Pizzirani, Bengianni
name: Richardson, Karyn
name: Segrave, Rebecca
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Barriers
subject: Behavior change
subject: COM-B
subject: Facilitators
subject: Implementation
subject: Intervention
subject: Physical activity
subject: Physical exercise
subject: Tertiary students
subject: University students

description: This registration contains the protocol for this scoping review.
Comparative therapeutic efficacy of remdesivir and combination lopinavir, ritonavir, and interferon beta against MERS-CoV
Creators: name: Baric, Ralph S.
name: Feng, Joy Y.
name: Leist, Sarah R.
name: Jordan, Robert
name: Porter, Danielle
name: Cihlar, Tomas
name: Denison, Mark R.
name: Montgomery, Stephanie A.
name: Schäfer, Alexandra
name: Won, John
name: Spahn, Jamie E.
name: Brown, Ariane J.
name: Sheahan, Timothy P.
name: Sellers, Scott
name: Babusis, Darius
name: Hogg, Alison
name: Sims, Amy C.
name: Clarke, Michael O.
name: Bauer, Laura
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2020

description: Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) is the causative agent of a
severe respiratory disease associated with more than 2468 human infections and over 851
deaths in 27 countries since 2012. There are no approved treatments for MERS-CoV infection
although a combination of lopinavir, ritonavir and interferon beta (LPV/RTV-IFNb) is currently
being evaluated in humans in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Here, we show that
remdesivir (RDV) and IFNb have superior antiviral activity to LPV and RTV in vitro. In mice,
both prophylactic and therapeutic RDV improve pulmonary function and reduce lung viral
loads and severe lung pathology. In contrast, prophylactic LPV/RTV-IFNb slightly reduces
viral loads without impacting other disease parameters. Therapeutic LPV/RTV-IFNb
improves pulmonary function but does not reduce virus replication or severe lung pathology.
Thus, we provide in vivo evidence of the potential for RDV to treat MERS-CoV infections.
Problem Based Learning as a Shared Musical Journey – Group Dynamics, Communication and Creativity
Creators: name: Lindvang, Charlotte
name: Beck, Bolette
Publisher: name: Journal of Problem Based Learning in Higher Education
Year: 2015

description: The focus of this paper is how we can facilitate problem based learning (PBL) more creatively. We take a closer look upon the connection between creative processes and social communication in the PBL group including how difficulties in the social interplay may hinder creativity. The paper draws on group dynamic theory, and points out the importance of building a reflexive milieu in the group. Musical concepts are used to illustrate the communicative and creative aspects of PBL and the paper uses the analogy between improvising together and do a project work together. We also discuss the role of the supervisor in a PBL group process. Further we argue that creativity is rooted deep in our consciousness and connected to our ability to work with a flexible mind. In order to enhance the cohesion as well as the creativity of the group a model of music listening as a concrete intervention tool in PBL processes is proposed.
description: Journal of Problem Based Learning in Higher Education, Vol 3 No 1 (2015): Special Issue: PBL and Creative Processes
Nearly deterministic Bell measurement with multiphoton entanglement for efficient quantum information processing
Creators: name: Lee, Seung-Woo
name: Park, Kimin
name: Ralph, Timothy C.
name: Jeong, Hyunseok
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a detailed analysis of the Bell measurement scheme proposed in [Phys. Rev. Lett. 114, 113603 (2015)] based on a logical qubit using Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) entanglement of photons. The success probability of the proposed Bell measurement can be made arbitrarily high using only linear optics as the number of photons in a logical qubit increases. We compare our scheme with all the other proposals, using single-photon qubits, coherent-state qubits or hybrid qubits, suggested to enhance the efficiency of the Bell measurement. As a remarkable advantage, our scheme requires only photon on-off measurements, while photon number resolving detectors are necessary for all the other proposals. We find that the scheme based on coherent-state qubits shows the best performance with respect to the attained success probability in terms of the average number of photons used in the process, while our scheme outperforms the schemes using single-photon qubits. We finally show that efficient quantum communication and fault-tolerant quantum computation can be realized using our approach.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures, additional revision made to the comparison of our scheme with others. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1502.07437
Trypsin Treatment Unlocks Barrier for Zoonotic Bat Coronavirus Infection
Creators: name: McAnarney, Eileen T.
name: Baric, Ralph S.
name: Lipkin, W. Ian
name: Graham, Barney
name: Dinnon III, Kenneth H.
name: Wang, Lingshu
name: Scobey, Trevor
name: Randell, Scott H.
name: Menachery, Vineet D.
name: Gralinski, Lisa E.
name: Yount, Jr., Boyd L.
name: Hale, Andrew
name: Graham, Barney
name: Anthony, Simon J.
name: Graham, Rachel L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2020

description: Traditionally, the emergence of coronaviruses (CoVs) has been attributed
to a gain in receptor binding in a new host. Our previous work with severe
acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-like viruses argued that bats already harbor CoVs
with the ability to infect humans without adaptation. These results suggested that
additional barriers limit the emergence of zoonotic CoV. In this work, we describe
overcoming host restriction of two Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS)-like bat
CoVs using exogenous protease treatment. We found that the spike protein of
PDF2180-CoV, a MERS-like virus found in a Ugandan bat, could mediate infection of
Vero and human cells in the presence of exogenous trypsin. We subsequently show
that the bat virus spike can mediate the infection of human gut cells but is unable
to infect human lung cells. Using receptor-blocking antibodies, we show that infection
with the PDF2180 spike does not require MERS-CoV receptor DPP4 and antibodies
developed against the MERS spike receptor-binding domain and S2 portion are ineffective
in neutralizing the PDF2180 chimera. Finally, we found that the addition of exogenous
trypsin also rescues HKU5-CoV, a second bat group 2c CoV. Together, these results
indicate that proteolytic cleavage of the spike, not receptor binding, is the primary infection
barrier for these two group 2c CoVs. Coupled with receptor binding, proteolytic activation
offers a new parameter to evaluate the emergence potential of bat CoVs and offers
a means to recover previously unrecoverable zoonotic CoV strains.
IMPORTANCE Overall, our studies demonstrate that proteolytic cleavage is the primary
barrier to infection for a subset of zoonotic coronaviruses. Moving forward, the
results argue that both receptor binding and proteolytic cleavage of the spike are
critical factors that must be considered for evaluating the emergence potential and
risk posed by zoonotic coronaviruses. In addition, the findings also offer a novel
means to recover previously uncultivable zoonotic coronavirus strains and argue
that other tissues, including the digestive tract, could be a site for future coronavirus
emergence events in humans.
The Branchings of the Main s-process: Their Sensitivity to alpha-induced Reactions on 13C and 22Ne and to the Uncertainties of the Nuclear Network
Creators: name: Bisterzo, Sara
name: Gallino, Roberto
name: Kaeppeler, Franz
name: Wiescher, Michael
name: Imbriani, Gianluca
name: Straniero, Oscar
name: Cristallo, Sergio
name: Goerres, Joachim
name: deBoer, Richard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper provides a detailed analysis of the main component of the slow neutron capture process (the s-process), which accounts for the solar abundances of half of the nuclei with 90
description: 43 pages, 17 Figures, 4 Tables, Supporting Information
Thinking in Possibilities: Unleashing Cognitive Creativity Through Assessment in a Problem-Based Learning Environment
Creators: name: Servant, Virginie F.C.
name: Noordzij, Gera
name: Spierenburg, Emely J.
name: Frens, Maarten A.
Publisher: name: Journal of Problem Based Learning in Higher Education
Year: 2015

description: This paper addresses the way in which students’ cognitive creativity and the construction of meaning could be fostered by means of assessment in a Problem-based learning programme. We propose that a dual assessment structure within such a programme through examinations and coursework assignments could ensure the acquisition of a foundational knowledge base while allowing the development of the cognitive creative process. Using a Dutch University as a case study, including its assessment philosophy and practice, we describe and tentatively support by means of some preliminary results how assessment can foster construction of meaning. The paper closes on suggestions for practice in fostering cognitive creativity through assessment in Problem-based learning programmes.
description: Journal of Problem Based Learning in Higher Education, Vol 3 No 1 (2015): Special Issue: PBL and Creative Processes
Play as mediator for knowledge-creation in Problem Based Learning
Creators: name: Thorsted, Ann Charlotte
name: Bing, Rie Grønbeck
name: Kristensen, Michael
Publisher: name: Journal of Problem Based Learning in Higher Education
Year: 2015

description: This article recounts reflections by a small group of students and their supervisor on play utilized at their meetings as part of a Problem Based Learning (PBL) process. The students experienced how a less traditional professor-student relationship arose, which transformed their interaction and relationship into a more holistic, trustful, sensitive, open, creative and collaborative form that gave rise to the following questions: what can a more playful approach bring into a PBL learning-space? What influence can play have on learning, and on student-to-student and student-supervisor relationships and collaboration? Why did the students find that this experience enhanced a learning that differed from their earlier experiences? What was it play had mediated? The article, which is also a theoretical discussion of future pedagogics in Higher Education, introduces a new model including three different knowledge forms. These take their departure from a PBL approach - regarded as a ‘problem-solving’ approach to learning, and PpBL (Play and Problem Based Learning), a ‘playful’, experimenting and intuitive approach.
description: Journal of Problem Based Learning in Higher Education, Vol 3 No 1 (2015): Special Issue: PBL and Creative Processes
Finitely based sets of 2-limited block-2-simple words
Creators: name: Sapir, Olga
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $\mathfrak A$ be an alphabet and $W$ be a set of words in the free monoid ${\mathfrak A}^*$. Let $S(W)$ denote the Rees quotient over the ideal of ${\mathfrak A}^*$ consisting of all words that are not subwords of words in $W$. A set of words $W$ is called {\em finitely based} if the monoid $S(W)$ is finitely based. A word $\bf u$ is called 2-limited if each variable occurs in $\bf u$ at most twice. A {\em block} of a word $\bf u$ is a maximal subword of $\bf u$ that does not contain any linear variables. We say that a word $\bf u$ is {\em block-2-simple} if each block of $\bf u$ involves at most two distinct variables. We provide an algorithm that recognizes finitely based sets of words among sets of 2-limited block-2-simple words. We also present new sufficient conditions under which a set of words is non-finitely based.
description: Published version. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1403.6430
Broad spectrum antiviral remdesivir inhibits human endemic and zoonotic deltacoronaviruses with a highly divergent RNA dependent RNA polymerase
Creators: name: Dinnon III, Kenneth H.
name: Baric, Ralph S.
name: Graham, Rachel L.
name: Sheahan, Timothy P.
name: Won, John J.
name: Denison, Mark R.
name: Feng, Joy Y.
name: Sims, Amy C.
name: Cihlar, Tomas
name: Brown, Ariane J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2019

description: The genetically diverse Orthocoronavirinae (CoV) family is prone to cross species transmission and disease emergence in both humans and livestock. Viruses similar to known epidemic strains circulating in wild and domestic animals further increase the probability of emergence in the future. Currently, there are no approved therapeutics for any human CoV presenting a clear unmet medical need. Remdesivir (RDV, GS-5734) is a monophosphoramidate prodrug of an adenosine analog with potent activity against an array of RNA virus families including Filoviridae, Paramyxoviridae, Pneumoviridae, and Orthocoronavirinae, through the targeting of the viral RNA dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp). We developed multiple assays to further define the breadth of RDV antiviral activity against the CoV family. Here, we show potent antiviral activity of RDV against endemic human CoVs OC43 (HCoV-OC43) and 229E (HCoV-229E) with submicromolar EC50 values. Of known CoVs, the members of the deltacoronavirus genus have the most divergent RdRp as compared to SARS- and MERS-CoV and both avian and porcine members harbor a native residue in the RdRp that confers resistance in beta-CoVs. Nevertheless, RDV is highly efficacious against porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV). These data further extend the known breadth and antiviral activity of RDV to include both contemporary human and highly divergent zoonotic CoV and potentially enhance our ability to fight future emerging CoV.
Outcomes-Based Authentic Learning, Portfolio Assessment, and a Systems Approach to ‘Complex Problem-Solving’: Related Pillars for Enhancing the Innovative Role of PBL in Future Higher Education
Creators: name: Richards, Cameron
Publisher: name: Journal of Problem Based Learning in Higher Education
Year: 2015

description: The challenge of better reconciling individual and collective aspects of innovative problem-solving can be productively addressed to enhance the role of PBL as a key focus of the creative process in future higher education. This should involve ‘active learning’ approaches supported by related processes of teaching, assessment and curriculum. As Biggs & Tan (2011) have suggested, an integrated or systemic approach is needed for the most effective practice of outcomes-based education also especially relevant for addressing relatively simple as well as more complex problems. Such a model will be discussed in relation to the practical example of a Masters subject conceived with interdisciplinary implications, applications, and transferability: ‘sustainable policy studies in science, technology and innovation’. Different modes of PBL might be encouraged in terms of the authentic kinds of ‘complex problem-solving’ issues and challenges which increasingly confront an interdependent and changing world. PBL can be further optimized when projects or cases also involve contexts and examples of research and inquiry. However, perhaps the most crucial pillar is a model of portfolio assessment for linking and encouraging as well as distinguishing individual contributions to collaborative projects and activities.
description: Journal of Problem Based Learning in Higher Education, Vol 3 No 1 (2015): Special Issue: PBL and Creative Processes
Background suppression in massive TeO$_2$ bolometers with Neganov-Luke amplified light detectors
Creators: name: Casali, N.
name: Dumoulin, L.
name: Giuliani, A.
name: Mancuso, M.
name: de Marcillac, P.
name: Marnieros, S.
name: Nagorny, S. S.
name: Nones, C.
name: Olivieri, E.
name: Pagnanini, L.
name: Pattavina, L.
name: Pirro, S.
name: Poda, D.
name: Rusconi, C.
name: Schäeffner, K.
name: Tenconi, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bolometric detectors are excellent devices for the investigation of neutrinoless double-beta decay (0$νββ$). The observation of such decay would demonstrate the violation of lepton number, and at the same time it would necessarily imply that neutrinos have a Majorana character. The sensitivity of cryogenic detectors based on TeO$_2$ is strongly limited by the alpha background in the region of interest for the 0$νββ$ of $^{130}$Te. It has been demonstrated that particle discrimination in TeO$_2$ bolometers is possible measuring the Cherenkov light produced by particle interactions. However an event-by-event discrimination with NTD-based light detectors has to be demonstrated. We will discuss the performance of a highly-sensitive light detector exploiting the Neganov-Luke effect for signal amplification. The detector, being operated with NTD-thermistor and coupled to a 750 g TeO$_2$ crystal, shows the ability for an event-by-event identification of electron/gamma and alpha particles. The extremely low detector baseline noise, RMS 19 eV, demonstrates the possibility to enhance the sensitivity of TeO$_2$-based 0$νββ$ experiment to an unprecedented level.
Targeted Fused Ridge Estimation of Inverse Covariance Matrices from Multiple High-Dimensional Data Classes
Creators: name: Bilgrau, Anders Ellern
name: Peeters, Carel F. W.
name: Eriksen, Poul Svante
name: Bøgsted, Martin
name: van Wieringen, Wessel N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We consider the problem of jointly estimating multiple inverse covariance matrices from high-dimensional data consisting of distinct classes. An $\ell_2$-penalized maximum likelihood approach is employed. The suggested approach is flexible and generic, incorporating several other $\ell_2$-penalized estimators as special cases. In addition, the approach allows specification of target matrices through which prior knowledge may be incorporated and which can stabilize the estimation procedure in high-dimensional settings. The result is a targeted fused ridge estimator that is of use when the precision matrices of the constituent classes are believed to chiefly share the same structure while potentially differing in a number of locations of interest. It has many applications in (multi)factorial study designs. We focus on the graphical interpretation of precision matrices with the proposed estimator then serving as a basis for integrative or meta-analytic Gaussian graphical modeling. Situations are considered in which the classes are defined by data sets and subtypes of diseases. The performance of the proposed estimator in the graphical modeling setting is assessed through extensive simulation experiments. Its practical usability is illustrated by the differential network modeling of 12 large-scale gene expression data sets of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma subtypes. The estimator and its related procedures are incorporated into the R-package rags2ridges.
description: 52 pages, 11 figures
Problem Solution Processes of Musicians and Engineers: What do Their Approaches Look Like
Creators: name: Nissilä, Säde-Pirkko
name: Virkkula, Esa
Publisher: name: Journal of Problem Based Learning in Higher Education
Year: 2015

description: PBL is learning through becoming conscious of practical and abstract problems and finding ways how to solve them. It can be a pattern which doesn’t follow traditional divisions of disciplines. In this article the material was collected from two, in the first sight, very different groups. One was music students (N = 62) who had to learn to solve various practical and theoretical problems in preparing a program for a series of concerts as collective and individual action. The method used was the 7-step method which divides learning into seven phases proceeding from creating the social frame of reference and mental models (steps 1–4) through actual work (steps 5–6) to the evaluation of the outcomes (step 7). Another group consisted of international, multicultural business leaders in engineering (N = 6). In using earlier the 7-step method, the approaches resembled those of the music students: deepening their professional competences. To engage their ability to use imagination and connect reality with brainstorming and mental flexibility, the creative PBL method 635 was used. Three practical problems were solved so that the solutions included new viewpoints which would be applied to meet the real needs in the near future. The results show that not only were the learning targets of both groups reached but, with reflection included, the processes widened the professional competences of the participants.
description: Journal of Problem Based Learning in Higher Education, Vol 3 No 1 (2015): Special Issue: PBL and Creative Processes
Longitudinal analysis of acute and convalescent B cell responses in a human primary dengue serotype 2 infection model
Creators: name: de Silva, Aravinda
name: Baric, Ralph S.
name: Diehl, Sean A.
name: Patel, Bhumi
name: Kirkpatrick, Beth D.
name: Tu, Huy A.
name: Nivarthi, Usha K.
name: Emerling, Daniel
name: Swanstrom, Jesica
name: Whitehead, Stephen S.
name: Nguyen, Ngan
name: Durbin, Anna P.
name: Pierce, Kristen K.
name: Delacruz, Matthew J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2019

description: Background: Acute viral infections induce a rapid and transient increase in antibody-secreting plasmablasts. At
convalescence, memory B cells (MBC) and long-lived plasma cells (LLPC) are responsible for long-term humoral
immunity. Following an acute viral infection, the specific properties and relationships between antibodies
produced by these B cell compartments are poorly understood.
Methods:Weutilized a controlled human challenge model of primary dengue virus serotype 2 (DENV2) infection
to study acute and convalescent B-cell responses.
Findings: The level of DENV2 replication was correlated with the magnitude of the plasmablast response. Functional
analysis of plasmablast-derived monoclonal antibodies showed that the DENV2-specific response was
dominated by cells producing DENV2 serotype-specific antibodies. DENV2-neutralizing antibodies targeted quaternary
structure epitopes centered on domain III of the viral envelope protein (EDIII). Functional analysis ofMBC
and serum antibodies from the same subjects six months post-challenge revealed maintenance of the serotypespecific
response in both compartments. The serumresponse mainly targeted DENV2 serotype-specific epitopes
on EDIII.
Interpretation: Our data suggest overall functional alignment of DENV2-specific responses from the plasmablast,
through the MBC and LLPC compartments following primary DENV2 inflection. These results provide enhanced
resolution of the temporal and specificity of the B cell compartment in viral infection and serve as framework for
evaluation of B cell responses in challenge models.
Stereotypicality, Perceived Responsibility and Hepatitis C Recommendation
Creators: name: Freitas, Gonçalo
name: Madeira, Filipa
name: Lopes, Rui
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: The aim of this study is two-fold: (a) to conduct a normative study of several ways of contagion of Hepatitis C regarding their White-stereotypicality, Black-stereotypicality, perceived responsibility, and recommendation for Hepatitis C treatment, thereby creating norms for eight ways of infection that can be useful for future research; and (b) to investigate the role of patient race and perceived responsibility on the relationship between contagion stereotypicality and recommendation for Hepatitis C treatment.
Spectral Variations of the Sky: Constraints on Alternate Universes
Creators: name: Chary, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The fine tuning of parameters required to reproduce our present day Universe suggests that our Universe may simply be a region within an eternally inflating super-region. Many other regions beyond our observable Universe would exist with each such region governed by a different set of physical parameters. Collision between these regions, if they occur, should leave signatures of anisotropy in the cosmic microwave background (CMB) but have not been seen. We analyze the spectral properties of masked, foreground-cleaned maps between 100 and 545 GHz constructed from the Planck dataset. Four distinct $\sim2-4\arcdeg$ regions associated with CMB cold spots show anomalously strong 143 GHz emission but no correspondingly strong emission at either 100 or 217 GHz. The signal to noise of this 143 GHz residual emission is at the $\gtrsim$6$σ$ level which reduces to $3.2-5.4σ$ after subtraction of remaining synchrotron/free-free foregrounds. We assess different mechanisms for this residual emission and conclude that although there is a 30\% probability that noise fluctuations may cause foregrounds to fall within 3$σ$ of the excess, there is less than a 0.5\% probability that foregrounds can explain all the excess. A plausible explanation is that the collision of our Universe with an alternate Universe whose baryon to photon ratio is a factor of $\sim$4500 larger than ours, could produce enhanced Hydrogen Paschen-series emission at the epoch of recombination. Future spectral mapping and deeper observations at 100 and 217 GHz are needed to mitigate systematics arising from unknown Galactic foregrounds and to confirm this unusual hypothesis.
description: 27 pages, 9 figures (6 color, 3 B&W), ApJ, in press
Discovery of low-metallicity stars in the central parsec of the Milky Way
Creators: name: Do, Tuan
name: Kerzendorf, Wolfgang
name: Winsor, Nathan
name: Støstad, Morten
name: Morris, Mark R.
name: Lu, Jessica R.
name: Ghez, Andrea M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a metallicity analysis of 83 late-type giants within the central 1 pc of the Milky Way. K-band spectroscopy of these stars were obtained with the medium-spectral resolution integral-field spectrograph NIFS on Gemini North using laser-guide star adaptive optics. Using spectral template fitting with the MARCS synthetic spectral grid, we find that there is large variation in metallicity, with stars ranging from [M/H] $$ 0, where there are stellar lines not represented in the model. However, the conclusion that there are low metallicity stars, as well as large variations in metallicity is robust. The metallicity may be an indicator of the origin of these stars. The low-metallicity population is consistent with that of globular clusters in the Milky Way, but their small fraction likely means that globular cluster infall is not the dominant mechanism for forming the Milky Way nuclear star cluster. The majority of stars are at or above solar metallicity, which suggests they were formed closer to the Galactic center or from the disk. In addition, our results indicate that it will be important for star formation history analyses using red giants at the Galactic center to consider the effect of varying metallicity.
description: 11 pages, 10 figures, ApJ Accepted
Fourth Issue of the Journal of Problem Based Learning in Higher Education
Creators: name: Davidsen, Jacob
name: Ryberg, Thomas
Publisher: name: Journal of Problem Based Learning in Higher Education
Year: 2016

description: We are pleased to introduce the fourth issue of the Journal of Problem Based Learning in Higher Education. Current issue is composed of five research papers and two PBL cases. These address different aspects of PBL in higher education as and represent an international experiences and knowledge with contributions from Brazil, Denmark, Germany and Morocco. The first three papers and the two cases touch upon the role of the teacher in facilitating problem based learning processes. These papers address the complex questions of how teachers can actually implement and teach PBL to students. The fourth paper reports on students‟ attitudes towards different types of exams (e.g. individual exams and group exams) in two engineering programs at Aalborg University. The fifth paper compares three different learning designs in an introductory computer science course on programming. The current issue explores a diverse set of aspects related to research in Problem Based Learning: teachers and supervisors roles, implementation of PBL curricular, assessment formats supporting PBL and new advances in combining technology and PBL.
description: Journal of Problem Based Learning in Higher Education, Vol 3 No 2 (2015)
The External Field Dominated Solution In QUMOND & AQUAL: Application To Tidal Streams
Creators: name: Banik, Indranil
name: Zhao, Hongsheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The standard $Λ$CDM paradigm seems to describe cosmology and large scale structure formation very well. However, a number of puzzling observations remain on galactic scales. An example is the anisotropic distribution of satellite galaxies in the Local Group. This has led to suggestions that a modified gravity theory might provide a better explanation than Newtonian gravity supplemented by dark matter. One of the leading modified gravity theories is Modified Newtonian Dynamics (MOND). For an isolated point mass, it boosts gravity by an acceleration-dependent factor of $ν$. Recently, a much more computer-friendly quasi-linear formulation of MOND (QUMOND) has become available. We investigate analytically the solution for a point mass embedded in a constant external field of $\mathbf{g}_{ext}$. We find that the potential is $Φ= - ~ \frac{GM ν_{ext}}{r}\left(1 + \frac{K_0}{2} \sin^2 θ\right)$, where $r$ is distance from the mass $M$ which is in an external field that `saturates' the $ν$ function at the value $ν_{ext}$, leading to a fixed value of $K_0 \equiv \frac{\partial Ln ~ ν}{\partial Ln ~ g_{ext}}$. In a very weak gravitational field $\left(\left| \mathbf{g}_{ext} \right| \ll a_0 \right)$, $K_0 = -\frac{1}{2}$. The angle $θ$ is that between the external field direction and the direction towards the mass. Our results are quite close to the more traditional aquadratic Lagrangian (AQUAL) formulation of MOND. We apply both theories to a simple model of the Sagittarius tidal stream. We find that they give very similar results, with the tidal stream seeming to spread slightly further in AQUAL.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, 1 table. References updated, typos fixed
Natural Relaxation
Creators: name: Marzola, Luca
name: Raidal, Martti
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by natural inflation, we propose a relaxation mechanism consistent with inflationary cosmology that explains the hierarchy between the electroweak scale and Planck scale. This scenario is based on a selection mechanism that identifies the low scale dynamics as the one that is screened from UV physics. The scenario also predicts the near-criticality and metastability of the standard model vacuum state, explaining the Higgs boson mass observed at the LHC. Once Majorana right-handed neutrinos are introduced to provide a viable reheating channel, our framework yields a corresponding mass scale that allows for the seesaw mechanism as well as for standard thermal leptogenesis. We argue that considering singlet scalar dark matter extensions of the proposed scenario could solve the vacuum stability problem and discuss how the cosmological constant problem is possibly addressed.
description: Added a discussion on selection principle and expanded references
MT i psykiatrien. Et universitetsperspektiv.
Creators: name: Stigel, Jørgen
Publisher: name: Musikterapi i Psykiatrien Online
Year: 2015

description: Tale ved musikterapiklinikken 20 års jubilæum
description: Musikterapi i Psykiatrien Online, Årg. 9 Nr. 2 (2014): Musikterapi i psykiatrien online 9(2)