cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Short-Term Outcomes and Patient Perceptions after Paramedic Non-Transport during the COVID-19 Pandemic
Creators: name: Bosson, Nichole
name: Toy, Jake
name: Chang, Allen
name: Haase, David
name: Kipust, Adam
name: Korotzer, Liana
name: Warren, Jonathan
name: Kim, Yun Son
name: Kazan, Clayton
name: Gausche-Hill, Marianne
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: Mental Health

description: EMS frequently encounter patients who decline transport, yet there are little data to inform the safety of patient and/or paramedic-initiated assess, treat, and refer (ATR) protocols. We determined patient decision-making and short-term outcomes after non-transport by EMS during the COVID-19 pandemic. This was a prospective, observational study of a random sample of patients evaluated and not transported by EMS from August 2020 to March 2021. From the EMS database, we randomly selected a daily sample of adult patients with disposition of ATR. We excluded patients dispositioned against medical advice (AMA) and those in police custody. Investigators contacted patients by phone to administer a standardized survey regarding decision-making, symptom progression, follow-up care, and satisfaction with non-transport decision. We also determined the proportion of patients who re-contacted 9-1-1 within 72 h, and unexpected deaths within 72 h using coroner data. Descriptive statistics were calculated. Of 4613 non-transported patients, 3330 (72%) patients for whom the disposition was ATR were included. Patients were 46% male with a median age of 49 (inter-quartile range (IQR) 31–67). Median vital signs measurements fell within the normal range. Investigators successfully contacted 584/3330 patients (18%). The most common reason for failure was lack of accurate phone number. The most common reasons patients reported for not going to the ED on initial encounter were: felt reassured after the paramedic assessment (151/584, 26%), medical complaint resolved (113/584, 19%), paramedic suggested transport was not required (73/584, 13%), concern for COVID-19 exposure (57/584, 10%), and initial concern was not medical (46/584, 8%). Ninety-five percent (552/584) were satisfied with the non-transport decision and 49% (284/584) had sought follow-up care. The majority (501/584, 86%) reported equal, improved, or resolved symptoms, while 80 patients (13%) reported worse symptoms, of whom (64/80, 80%) remained satisfied with the non-transport decision. Overall, there were 154 of 3330 (4.6%) 9-1-1 recontacts within 72 h. Based on coroner data, three unexpected deaths (0.09%) occurred within 72 h of the initial EMS calls. Paramedic disposition by ATR protocols resulted in a low rate of 9-1-1 recontact. Unexpected deaths were extremely rare. Patient satisfaction with the non-transport decision was high.
Simulating cosmic ray physics on a moving mesh
Creators: name: Pfrommer, C.
name: Pakmor, R.
name: Schaal, K.
name: Simpson, C. M.
name: Springel, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss new methods to integrate the cosmic ray (CR) evolution equations coupled to magneto-hydrodynamics (MHD) on an unstructured moving mesh, as realised in the massively parallel AREPO code for cosmological simulations. We account for diffusive shock acceleration of CRs at resolved shocks and at supernova remnants in the interstellar medium (ISM), and follow the advective CR transport within the magnetised plasma, as well as anisotropic diffusive transport of CRs along the local magnetic field. CR losses are included in terms of Coulomb and hadronic interactions with the thermal plasma. We demonstrate the accuracy of our formalism for CR acceleration at shocks through simulations of plane-parallel shock tubes that are compared to newly derived exact solutions of the Riemann shock tube problem with CR acceleration. We find that the increased compressibility of the post-shock plasma due to the produced CRs decreases the shock speed. However, CR acceleration at spherically expanding blast waves does not significantly break the self-similarity of the Sedov-Taylor solution; the resulting modifications can be approximated by a suitably adjusted, but constant adiabatic index. In first applications of the new CR formalism to simulations of isolated galaxies and cosmic structure formation, we find that CRs add an important pressure component to the ISM that increases the vertical scale height of disk galaxies, and thus reduces the star formation rate. Strong external structure formation shocks inject CRs into the gas, but the relative pressure of this component decreases towards halo centres as adiabatic compression favours the thermal over the CR pressure.
description: Accepted by MNRAS, 31 pages, 10 figures
A coarse stratification of the monster tower
Creators: name: Castro, Alex
name: Colley, Susan Jane
name: Kennedy, Gary
name: Shanbrom, Corey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14H99, 58A30

description: The monster tower is a tower of spaces over a specified base; each space in the tower is a parameter space for curvilinear data up to a specified order. We describe and analyze a natural stratification of these spaces.
description: 13 pages, minor revisions, version to appear in Michigan Mathematical Journal
Chiral terahertz lasing with Berry curvature dipoles
Creators: name: Hakimi, Amin
name: Rouhi, Kasra
name: Rappoport, Tatiana G.
name: Silveirinha, Mario G.
name: Capolino, Filippo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Materials with Berry curvature dipoles (BDs) support a non-Hermitian electro-optic (EO) effect that is investigated here for lasing at terahertz (THz) frequencies. Such a system is here conceived as a stack of low-symmetry 2D materials. We show that a cavity made of such a material supports a nonreciprocal growing mode with elliptical polarization that generates an unstable resonance leading to self-sustained oscillations. Notably, we demonstrate that the chiral nature of the gain derived from the Berry dipole allows for the manipulation of the laser light's handedness by a simple reversal of the electric field bias.
title: Spaghetti Junction: Know your way around mediastinal vascular anomalies
Creators: name: Abdullah, Sharif
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Congenital
subject: Normal variants
subject: Conventional radiography
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: Veins / Vena cava
subject: Cardiovascular system
subject: Arteries / Aorta

description: Learning objectives Background Imaging findings OR Procedure details Conclusion Personal Information References
description: Learning objectives: Todescribe the appearances and embryological origins of normal and normal variant mediastinal vascular anatomy on plain chest radiograph (CXR) with multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) correlation. Characterising the embryological origins of...
Graphical Structures for Design and Verification of Quantum Error Correction
Creators: name: Chancellor, Nicholas
name: Kissinger, Aleks
name: Roffe, Joschka
name: Zohren, Stefan
name: Horsman, Dominic
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a high-level graphical framework for designing and analysing quantum error correcting codes, centred on what we term the coherent parity check (CPC). The graphical formulation is based on the diagrammatic tools of the zx-calculus of quantum observables. The resulting framework leads to a construction for stabilizer codes that allows us to design and verify a broad range of quantum codes based on classical ones, and that gives a means of discovering large classes of codes using both analytical and numerical methods. We focus in particular on the smaller codes that will be the first used by near-term devices. We show how CSS codes form a subset of CPC codes and, more generally, how to compute stabilizers for a CPC code. As an explicit example of this framework, we give a method for turning almost any pair of classical [n,k,3] codes into a [[2n - k + 2, k, 3]] CPC code. Further, we give a simple technique for machine search which yields thousands of potential codes, and demonstrate its operation for distance 3 and 5 codes. Finally, we use the graphical tools to demonstrate how Clifford computation can be performed within CPC codes. As our framework gives a new tool for constructing small- to medium-sized codes with relatively high code rates, it provides a new source for codes that could be suitable for emerging devices, while its zx-calculus foundations enable natural integration of error correction with graphical compiler toolchains. It also provides a powerful framework for reasoning about all stabilizer quantum error correction codes of any size.
description: Computer code associated with this paper may be found at https://doi.org/10.15128/r1bn999672k
Ocular manifestations in a 2 year-old patient with a DYNC1H1 mutation
Creators: name: Kenney, Ryan
name: Borkhetaria, Rucha
name: Soni, Ajay
name: Aliu, Ermal
name: Ely, Amanda
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Mutations in the DYNC1H1 gene have been linked to multiple neurologic syndromes with a multitude of clinical manifestations, both ocular and non-ocular. Previous case reports have outlined various ocular phenotypes, including cataracts of congenital onset, infantile onset, and adult onset with lack of further ophthalmologic detail. Our case report outlines, in more detail, a 24-month-old male with a heterozygous mutation in the DYNC1H1 gene who developed a white, intumescent cataract in his left eye and a posterior subcapsular cataract in his right eye with evidence of progressive axial myopia.
Based on the findings outlined in our case we suggest eye exams at regular intervals during early childhood in patients with DYNC1H1 mutations to screen for amblyogenic ocular pathology and potential rapidly developing cataracts.
Z-boson production in association with a jet at next-to-next-to-leading order in perturbative QCD
Creators: name: Boughezal, Radja
name: Campbell, John M.
name: Ellis, R. Keith
name: Focke, Christfried
name: Giele, Walter T.
name: Liu, Xiaohui
name: Petriello, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first complete calculation of Z-boson production in association with a jet in hadronic collisions through next-to-next-to-leading order in perturbative QCD. Our computation uses the recently-proposed N-jettiness subtraction scheme to regulate the infrared divergences that appear in the real-emission contributions. We present phenomenological results for 13 TeV proton-proton collisions with fully realistic fiducial cuts on the final-state particles. The remaining theoretical uncertainties after the inclusion of our calculations are at the percent-level, making the Z+jet channel ready for precision studies at the LHC Run II.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures; small numerical update using MCFM v8.0
$(D+1)$-Colored Graphs - a Review of Sundry Properties
Creators: name: Ryan, James P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review the combinatorial, topological, algebraic and metric properties supported by $(D+1)$-colored graphs, with a focus on those that are pertinent to the study of tensor model theories. We show how to extract a limiting continuum metric space from this set of graphs and detail properties of this limit through the calculation of exponents at criticality.
Two classes of nonlocal Evolution Equations related by a shared Traveling Wave Problem
Creators: name: Achleitner, Franz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35A01, 35A09, 35B51, 35R09, 47G20

description: We consider reaction-diffusion equations and Korteweg-de Vries-Burgers (KdVB) equations, i.e. scalar conservation laws with diffusive-dispersive regularization. We review the existence of traveling wave solutions for these two classes of evolution equations. For classical equations the traveling wave problem (TWP) for a local KdVB equation can be identified with the TWP for a reaction-diffusion equation. In this article we study this relationship for these two classes of evolution equations with nonlocal diffusion/dispersion. This connection is especially useful, if the TW equation is not studied directly, but the existence of a TWS is proven using one of the evolution equations instead. Finally, we present three models from fluid dynamics and discuss the TWP via its link to associated reaction-diffusion equations.
title: Computed tomography for the detection of thumb base osteoarthritis, comparison with digital radiography.
Creators: name: Saltzherr, Michael
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Comparative studies
subject: Digital radiography
subject: CT
subject: Bones
subject: Musculoskeletal joint
subject: Arthritides

description: Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Purpose: Osteoarthritis of the thumb base Osteoarthritis (OA) of the thumb base or first carpometacarpal (CMC1) joint is a common condition, particularly in elderly women.[1] Typically, patients have activity-related pain localised at the base of the thumb...
Bifurcations of phase portraits of pendulum with vibrating suspension point
Creators: name: Neishtadt, Anatoly
name: Sheng, Kaicheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider a simple pendulum whose suspension point undergoes fast vibrations in the plane of motion of the pendulum. The averaged over the fast vibrations system is a Hamiltonian system with one degree of freedom depending on two parameters. We give complete description of bifurcations of phase portraits of this averaged system.
Numerical Methods and Closed Orbits in the Kepler-Heisenberg Problem
Creators: name: Dods, Victor
name: Shanbrom, Corey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 65P10, 70H12, 70F05, 53C17

description: The Kepler-Heisenberg problem is that of determining the motion of a planet around a sun in the sub-Riemannian Heisenberg group. The sub-Riemannian Hamiltonian provides the kinetic energy, and the gravitational potential is given by the fundamental solution to the sub-Laplacian. This system is known to admit closed orbits, which all lie within a fundamental integrable subsystem. Here, we develop a computer program which finds these closed orbits using Monte Carlo optimization with a shooting method, and applying a recently developed symplectic integrator for nonseparable Hamiltonians. Our main result is the discovery of a family of flower-like periodic orbits with previously unknown symmetry types. We encode these symmetry types as rational numbers and provide evidence that these periodic orbits densely populate a one-dimensional set of initial conditions parametrized by the orbit's angular momentum. We provide links to all code developed.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures, completed in residence at MSRI; updated all images and some text
The genetic counselor workforce in inherited retinal disease clinics: a descriptive assessment
Creators: name: Alabek, Michelle
name: Andersen, Katherine
name: Everett, Lesley
name: Marra, Molly
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Genetic counselors (GCs) have practiced in Inherited Retinal Disease (IRD) clinics for several decades. In this small subspecialty of genetic counseling, GCs are critical for patient understanding of genetic information, which can have prognostic, systemic, family planning and therapeutic implications. Recently, both access to genetic testing for IRDs and the number of genes associated with IRDs (>350) has increased dramatically. However, the practice models and roles of IRD GCs have not been previously described. GCs working in academic IRD clinics were surveyed to assess their experience, clinical practices, and roles performed. The collected data was compared to the broader genetic counseling profession and to other specialties using publicly available data on GC professional practices. While roles of IRD GCs were overlapping with those of the overall genetic counseling profession, all survey respondents reported diverse roles that included both clinical and non-clinical duties, spending up to half their time on research and educational responsibilities. Most respondents (89%) felt that their clinic’s MD to GC ratio was too high, while clinical load varied. IRD GCs report varying degrees of prior genetic counseling and ophthalmology-specific experience but unanimously desire additional subspecialty-specific training. This descriptive assessment of a small subspecialty suggests a need for growth in the number of GCs practicing in IRD clinics and could help to inform development of new GC positions in IRD centers. It also highlights the desire for additional GC-specific education and may be relevant to curriculum development within GC programs.
title: Cone-beam computed tomography (CB-CT) in the assessment of paranasal sinuses diseases: comparison to multidetector computed tomography (MD-CT)
Creators: name: Ferrero, Giulio
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Head and neck
subject: CT

description: Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Purpose: Cone-beam Computed Tomography (CB-CT) is a relatively recent imaging technique used to study dental arcades using a very low amount of ionizing radiations ( Fig. 1 , Fig. 2 ). CB-CT scanners are based on volumetric tomography, using a 2D extended...
Short Gamma-Ray Bursts from the Merger of Two Black Holes
Creators: name: Perna, Rosalba
name: Lazzati, Davide
name: Giacomazzo, Bruno
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Short Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) are explosions of cosmic origin believed to be associated with the merger of two compact objects, either two neutron stars, or a neutron star and a black hole. The presence of at least one neutron star has long been thought to be an essential element of the model: its tidal disruption provides the needed baryonic material whose rapid accretion onto the post-merger black hole powers the burst. The recent tentative detection by the Fermi satellite of a short GRB in association with the gravitational wave signal GW150914 produced by the merger of two black holes has challenged this standard paradigm. Here we show that the evolution of two high-mass, low-metallicity stars with main sequence rotational speeds a few tens of percent of the critical speed eventually undergoing a weak supernova explosion {\em can} produce a short gamma-ray burst. The outer layers of the envelope of the last exploding star remain bound and circularize at large radii. With time, the disk cools and becomes neutral, suppressing the magneto-rotational instability, and hence the viscosity. The disk remains 'long-lived dead' until tidal torques and shocks during the pre-merger phase heat it up and re-ignite accretion, rapidly consuming the disk and powering the short gamma-ray burst.
description: Matches version accepted to ApJL
Synchronization in Kuramoto-Sakaguchi ensembles with competing influence of common noise and global coupling
Creators: name: Goldobin, D. S.
name: Dolmatova, A. V.
name: Rosenblum, M.
name: Pikovsky, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effects of synchronization and desynchronization in ensembles of phase oscillators with the global Kuramoto-Sakaguchi coupling under common noise driving. Since the mechanisms of synchronization by coupling and by common noise are essentially different, their interplay is of interest. In the thermodynamic limit of large number of oscillators, employing the Ott-Antonsen approach, we derive stochastic equations for the order parameters and consider their dynamics for two cases: (i) identical oscillators and (ii) small natural frequency mismatch. For identical oscillators, the stability of the perfect synchrony state is studied; a strong enough common noise is revealed to prevail over a moderate negative (repelling) coupling and to synchronize the ensemble. An inequality between the states of maximal asynchrony (zero-value of the order parameter) and perfect synchrony; the former can be only weakly stable, while the latter can become adsorbing (the transition to the synchrony becomes unidirectional). The dependence of the temporal dynamics of the transition on the system parameters is investigated. For nonidentical oscillators the perfect synchrony state becomes impossible and an absorbing state disappears; on its place, only a weakly stable state of imperfect synchrony remains. A nontrivial effect of the divergence of individual frequencies of oscillators with different natural frequencies is revealed and studied for moderate repelling coupling; meanwhile, the order parameter remains non-small for this case. In Appendix we provide an introduction to the theories of Ott-Antonsen and Watanabe-Strogatz.
description: 31 pages, 5 figures, in Russian
title: Metatarsalgia. A practical approach
Creators: name: Conejero Olesti, Ariadna
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Inflammation
subject: Athletic injuries
subject: Education
subject: Ultrasound
subject: MR
subject: Musculoskeletal system
subject: Musculoskeletal soft tissue
subject: Extremities

description: Learning objectives Background Imaging findings OR Procedure details Conclusion Personal Information References
description: Learning objectives: To review the normal anatomy of the metatarsal region with Ultrasound (US) and Magnetic Resonance (MR) images. To highlight the role of different imaging methods in the radiological work-up of patients with forefoot pain. To discuss the radiological...
The discovery of lensed radio and X-ray sources behind the Frontier Fields cluster MACS J0717.5+3745 with the JVLA and Chandra
Creators: name: van Weeren, R. J.
name: Ogrean, G. A.
name: Jones, C.
name: Forman, W. R.
name: Andrade-Santos, F.
name: Bonafede, A.
name: Brüggen, M.
name: Bulbul, E.
name: Clarke, T. E.
name: Churazov, E.
name: David, L.
name: Dawson, W. A.
name: Donahue, M.
name: Goulding, A.
name: Kraft, R. P.
name: Mason, B.
name: Merten, J.
name: Mroczkowski, T.
name: Murray, S. S.
name: Nulsen, P. E. J.
name: Rosati, P.
name: Roediger, E.
name: Randall, S. W.
name: Sayers, J.
name: Umetsu, K.
name: Vikhlinin, A.
name: Zitrin, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on high-resolution JVLA and Chandra observations of the HST Frontier Cluster MACS J0717.5+3745. MACS J0717.5+3745 offers the largest contiguous magnified area of any known cluster, making it a promising target to search for lensed radio and X-ray sources. With the high-resolution 1.0-6.5 GHz JVLA imaging in A and B configuration, we detect a total of 51 compact radio sources within the area covered by the HST imaging. Within this sample we find 7 lensed sources with amplification factors larger than $2$. None of these sources are identified as multiply-lensed. Based on the radio luminosities, the majority of these sources are likely star forming galaxies with star formation rates of 10-50 M$_\odot$ yr$^{-1}$ located at $1 \lesssim z \lesssim 2$. Two of the lensed radio sources are also detected in the Chandra image of the cluster. These two sources are likely AGN, given their $2-10$ keV X-ray luminosities of $\sim 10^{43-44}$ erg s$^{-1}$. From the derived radio luminosity function, we find evidence for an increase in the number density of radio sources at $0.6
description: 14 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
title: Management of patients admitted to a dedicated centre for MR-guided breast biopsy: revised indications after review of MR images and on-site targeted ultrasound
Creators: name: Panizza, Pietro
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Breast
subject: MR
subject: Vacuum assisted biopsy
subject: Tissue characterisation

description: Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Purpose: Despite several improvements, specificity of Breast MRI is still a problem. Frequent false positive findings require follow-up examinations and invasive procedures to rule out malignancy, with high costs and discomfort for the patient. Small...
Outreach at LHCb
Creators: name: Nicolini, Janina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: Since March 2020, the landscape of science communication has radically changed to adapt to a situation of limited mobility and exploding internet usage. Following this trend, the LHCb collaboration has increased its online presence through a wide communication around its latest results, and has built experience in organising virtual visits of the experiment, while pursuing its efforts to strengthen its previous outreach activities. This talk will include an overview of the coverage of recent LHCb results in social and internet-based media. We will also discuss our experience and future plans for virtual tours of the detector, and cover updates of the LHCb Masterclass aimed at improving the students experience. In parallel with this, the collaboration is preparing for the future. As part of this process, we are designing and preparing a brand new physical exhibit at the LHCb site at CERN. We will present the current status and plans for this exhibit.
Universal Control in Bosonic Systems with Weak Kerr Nonlinearities
Creators: name: Yuan, Ming
name: Seif, Alireza
name: Lingenfelter, Andrew
name: Schuster, David I.
name: Clerk, Aashish A.
name: Jiang, Liang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Resonators with weak single-photon self-Kerr nonlinearities can theoretically be used to prepare Fock states in the presence of a loss much larger than their nonlinearities. Two necessary ingredients are large displacements and a two-photon (parametric) drive. Here, we find that these systems can be controlled to achieve any desired gate operation in a finite dimensional subspace (whose dimensionality can be chosen at will). Moreover, we show that the two-photon driving requirement can be relaxed and that full controllability is achievable with only 1-photon (linear) drives. We make use of both Trotter-Suzuki decompositions and gradient-based optimization to find control pulses for a desired gate, which reduces the computational overhead by using a small blockaded subspace. We also discuss the infidelity arising from input power limitations in realistic settings, as well as from corrections to the rotating-wave approximation. Our universal control protocol opens the possibility for quantum information processing using a wide range of lossy systems with weak nonlinearities.
description: 7 pages of main text with 3 figures. 15 pages of supplemental material with 4 figures
title: MDCT Spectrum Of Post Operative Complications In Orthotopic Living Donor Liver Transplantation - A Pictorial Essay
Creators: name: Doda Khera, Ruhani
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Transplantation
subject: Embolism / Thrombosis
subject: Aneurysms
subject: Complications
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: CT
subject: Biliary Tract / Gallbladder
subject: Abdomen
subject: Liver

description: Learning objectives Background Imaging findings OR Procedure details Conclusion Personal Information References
description: Learning objectives: To illustrate the MDCT spectrum of complications in patients who have undergone living donor orthotopic liver...
Systems that become $\cal{PT}$ symmetric through interaction
Creators: name: Karthiga, S.
name: Chandrasekar, V. K.
name: Senthilvelan, M.
name: Lakshmanan, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article, we consider an interesting class of optical and other systems in which the interaction or coupling makes the systems to be $\cal{PT}$-symmetric. We aim to compare their dynamical behaviors with that of the usual $\cal{PT}$ symmetric systems with intrinsic loss-gain terms. In particular, we focus on the interesting non-reciprocal nature of the $\cal{PT}$ symmetric systems which has a promising application in optical diodes and optical isolators. We check whether the non-reciprocal nature is common to all $\cal{PT}$ symmetric systems and, if not, what are the situations under which it can be observed. Due to the recent interest in studying spontaneous symmetry breaking in coupled waveguide systems, we here present such symmetry breaking bifurcations in certain reciprocal and non-reciprocal $\cal{PT}$ symmetric systems.
description: Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. A
On multi-dimensional hypocoercive BGK models
Creators: name: Achleitner, Franz
name: Arnold, Anton
name: Carlen, Eric A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 82C40, 35B40, 35F25

description: We study hypocoercivity for a class of linearized BGK models for continuous phase spaces. We develop methods for constructing entropy functionals that enable us to prove exponential relaxation to equilibrium with explicit and physically meaningful rates. In fact, we not only estimate the exponential rate, but also the second time scale governing the time one must wait before one begins to see the exponential relaxation in the L1 distance. This waiting time phenomenon, with a long plateau before the exponential decay "kicks in" when starting from initial data that is well-concentrated in phase space, is familiar from work of Aldous and Diaconis on Markov chains, but is new in our continuous phase space setting. Our strategies are based on the entropy and spectral methods, and we introduce a new "index of hypocoercivity" that is relevant to models of our type involving jump processes and not only diffusion. At the heart of our method is a decomposition technique that allows us to adapt Lyapunov's direct method to our continuous phase space setting in order to construct our entropy functionals. These are used to obtain precise information on linearized BGK models. Finally, we also prove local asymptotic stability of a nonlinear BGK model.
description: 55 pages, 2 figures
THE MAIN PECULARITIES OF THE NOVEL "THE THIRD LIFE OF GRANGE COPELAND" BY ALICE WALKER
Creators: name: Narimanova, Jamola
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Alice Walker's novels are popular for their expressions of the Black woman's life. One of them is the novel of The Third Life of Grange Copeland that She focuses on vividly the sexism, racism, and poverty that often make that life a struggle. But she also portrays, as part of that life, the strengths of family, community, self-worth, and spirituality. Many of her novels depict women in other periods of history than our own.
Goertz, H.-J., Religiöse Bewegungen in der frühen Neuzeit
Creators: name: Orde, K. Vom
Publisher: name: Jahrbuch für evangelikale Theologie
Year: 2025

description: 182113799X
description: Jahrbuch für evangelikale Theologie, V. 9 (1995): Jahrbuch für evangelikale Theologie, Band 9
Reimagining Digital Well-Being in an Age of Digital Twins
Creators: name: Burr, Christopher
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: philosophy
digital twins
AI ethics

description: This presentation was first given at the Future of Digital Well-Being Workshop and Conference 2024, organised by Dr Matthew Dennis and held in Amsterdam, NL.

Abstract

This talk proposes using the emerging paradigm of digital twins to envision a future landscape for digital well-being. A digital twin is a virtual representation of a physical system, called the physical twin, which evolves over time and is constructed from digitised information such as recorded data and the output of computational models. Although the use of digital twins in health and healthcare is still in an early phase, there is much to be gained by trying to unravel and critically evaluate how the integration of digital twins impacts our well-being, challenging and reshaping our understanding of salient concepts, such as self-determination.

We will explore both the transformative potential and the latent risks of digital twin technology, while trying to separate marketing hype from scientific reality. Central to this conversation is the concept of self-determination in the digital sphere, as we contemplate a future where digital counterparts, such as those powered by foundational models, can predict, modify, and enhance life choices.
Asymptotic stability of traveling wave solutions for nonlocal viscous conservation laws with explicit decay rates
Creators: name: Achleitner, Franz
name: Ueda, Yoshihiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 47J35, 26A33, 35C07

description: We consider scalar conservation laws with nonlocal diffusion of Riesz-Feller type such as the fractal Burgers equation. The existence of traveling wave solutions with monotone decreasing profile has been established recently (in special cases). We show the local asymptotic stability of these traveling wave solutions in a Sobolev space setting by constructing a Lyapunov functional. Most importantly, we derive the algebraic-in-time decay of the norm of such perturbations with explicit algebraic-in-time decay rates.
II. Apples to apples $A^2$: cluster selection functions for next-generation surveys
Creators: name: Ascaso, Begoña
name: Mei, Simona
name: Bartlett, Jim G.
name: Benítez, Txitxo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the cluster selection function for three of the largest next-generation stage-IV surveys in the optical and infrared: Euclid-Optimistic, Euclid-Pessimistic and the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST). To simulate these surveys, we use the realistic mock catalogues introduced in the first paper of this series. We detected galaxy clusters using the Bayesian Cluster Finder (BCF) in the mock catalogues. We then modeled and calibrated the total cluster stellar mass observable-theoretical mass ($M^*_{\rm CL}-M_{\rm h}$) relation using a power law model, including a possible redshift evolution term. We find a moderate scatter of $σ_{M^*_{\rm CL} | M_{\rm h}}$ of 0.124, 0.135 and 0.136 $\rm dex$ for Euclid-Optimistic, Euclid-Pessimistic and LSST, respectively, comparable to other work over more limited ranges of redshift. Moreover, the three datasets are consistent with negligible evolution with redshift, in agreement with observational and simulation results in the literature. We find that Euclid-Optimistic will be able to detect clusters with $>80\%$ completeness and purity down to $8\times10^{13} h^{-1} M_{\odot}$ up to $z<1$. At higher redshifts, the same completeness and purity are obtained with the larger mass threshold of $2\times10^{14} h^{-1} M_{\odot}$ up to $z=2$. The Euclid-Pessimistic selection function has a similar shape with $\sim10\%$ higher mass limit. LSST shows $\sim 5\%$ higher mass limit than Euclid-Optimistic up to $z<0.7$ and increases afterwards, reaching values of $2\times10^{14} h^{-1} M_{\odot}$ at $z=1.4$. Similar selection functions with only $80\%$ completeness threshold have been also computed. The complementarity of these results with selection functions for surveys in other bands is discussed.
description: 13 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
title: Carotid MR angiography with traditional bolus timing: Clinical observations and Fourier-based modelling of contrast kinetics
Creators: name: Menke, Jan
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Arteries / Aorta
subject: Head and neck
subject: Contrast agents
subject: MR-Angiography
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Arteriosclerosis
subject: Haemodynamics / Flow dynamics

description: Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Purpose: In carotid artery disease contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) is a non-invasive imaging alternative to catheter angiography that is the diagnostic gold standard. In contrast-enhanced carotid MRA the three major methods for timing...
Mode coupling of interaction quenched ultracold few-boson ensembles in periodically driven lattices
Creators: name: Mistakidis, S. I.
name: Schmelcher, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The out-of-equilibrium dynamics of interaction quenched finite ultracold bosonic ensembles in periodically driven one-dimensional optical lattices is investigated. It is shown that periodic driving enforces the bosons in the outer wells of the finite lattice to exhibit out-of-phase dipole-like modes, while in the central well the atomic cloud experiences a local breathing mode. The dynamical behavior is investigated with varying driving frequency, revealing a resonant-like behavior of the intra-well dynamics. An interaction quench in the periodically driven lattice gives rise to admixtures of different excitations in the outer wells, an enhanced breathing in the center and an amplification of the tunneling dynamics. We observe then multiple resonances between the inter- and intra-well dynamics at different quench amplitudes, with the position of the resonances being tunable via the driving frequency. Our results pave the way for future investigations on the use of combined driving protocols in order to excite different inter- and intra-well modes and to subsequently control them.
description: 18 pages, 12 figures
On Variable Ordination of Modified Cholesky Decomposition for Sparse Covariance Matrix Estimation
Creators: name: Kang, Xiaoning
name: Deng, Xinwei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Estimation of large sparse covariance matrices is of great importance for statistical analysis, especially in the high-dimensional settings. The traditional approach such as the sample covariance matrix performs poorly due to the high dimensionality. The modified Cholesky decomposition (MCD) is a commonly used method for sparse covariance matrix estimation. However, the MCD method relies on the order of variables, which is often not available or cannot be pre-determined in practice. In this work, we solve this order issue by obtaining a set of covariance matrix estimates under different orders of variables used in the MCD. Then we consider an ensemble estimator as the "center" of such a set of covariance matrix estimates with respect to the Frobenius norm. The proposed method not only ensures the estimator to be positive definite, but also can capture the underlying sparse structure of the covariance matrix. Under some weak regularity conditions, we establish both algorithmic convergence and asymptotical convergence of the proposed method. The merits of the proposed method are illustrated through simulation studies and one real data example.
750 GeV Diphoton Resonance, 125 GeV Higgs and Muon g-2 Anomaly in Deflected Anomaly Mediation SUSY Breaking Scenario
Creators: name: Wang, Fei
name: Wu, Lei
name: Yang, Jin Min
name: Zhang, Mengchao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose to interpret the 750 GeV diphoton excess in deflected anomaly mediation supersymmetry breaking scenarios, which can naturally predict couplings between a singlet field and vector-like messengers. The CP-even scalar component (S) of the singlet field can serve as the 750 GeV resonance. The messenger scale, which is of order the gravitino scale, can be as light as F_ϕ\sim {\cal O}(10) TeV when the messenger species N_F and the deflection parameter d are moderately large. Such messengers can induce the large loop decay process S \to γγ. Our results show that such a scenario can successfully accommodate the 125 GeV Higgs boson, the 750 GeV diphoton excess and the muon g-2 without conflicting with the LHC constraints. We also comment on the possible explanations in the gauge mediation supersymmetry breaking scenario.
description: Published version in PLB; 15 pages,2 figures
Generalized Valon Model for Double Parton Distributions
Creators: name: Broniowski, Wojciech
name: Arriola, Enrique Ruiz
name: Golec-Biernat, Krzysztof
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show how the double parton distributions may be obtained consistently from the many-body light-cone wave functions. We illustrate the method on the example of the pion with two Fock components. The procedure, by construction, satisfies the Gaunt-Stirling sum rules. The resulting single parton distributions of valence quarks and gluons are consistent with a phenomenological parametrization at a low scale.
description: 6 pages, talk presented by WB at the Light Cone 2015 Conference, Frascati, Italy, 21-25 September 2015, updated reference list
Study of GEM detectors and their applications to Imaging
Creators: name: Asar Ahmed
name: Kumar, Ashok
name: Mohit Gola
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: The Gas Electron Multiplier (GEM) Detector is being used extensively to handle a fairly large flux environment in high energy and other related experiments. Due to the ease of operation with environment friendly gases, this detector can be deployed to wider range of experiments as well as in applications to developing the instruments for humanitarian aid purposes. In this talk, we will present results from one such effort. We collaborated with the industry to produce the GEM foils of various specifications and then made an effort to use GEMs as an imaging detector for medical as well as security purposes. The key component of a GEM detector is the GEM foil which has very dense go-through holes on a 50μm highly insulating foil (Kapton/Apical) coated on both sides with 5μm layers of copper. Before these GEM foils can be used for assembling the GEM detector the foils electrical and optical properties have to be tested to find defects and correct it. We report on the development of techniques used to study the GEM foils electrically and optically. The polarisation and charging up effects of these foils will also be discussed along with the ways to better handle these effects . A feasibility study to utilize GEM detectors for imaging objects with varying densities with x-rays were carried out. The reconstructed images shows a good distinction between materials of different densities, which opens the possibility to further explore the applications of GEM detectors to medical imaging or cargo imaging.
Goodness-of-fit tests for Laplace, Gaussian and exponential power distributions based on $λ$-th power skewness and kurtosis
Creators: name: Desgagné, Alain
name: de Micheaux, Pierre Lafaye
name: Ouimet, Frédéric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 62F03, 62E20, 62F12, 60F05

description: Temperature data, like many other measurements in quantitative fields, are usually modeled using a normal distribution. However, some distributions can offer a better fit while avoiding underestimation of tail event probabilities. To this point, we extend Pearson's notions of skewness and kurtosis to build a powerful family of goodness-of-fit tests based on Rao's score for the exponential power distribution $\mathrm{EPD}_λ(μ,σ)$, including tests for normality and Laplacity when $λ$ is set to 1 or 2. We find the asymptotic distribution of our test statistic, which is the sum of the squares of two $Z$-scores, under the null and under local alternatives. We also develop an innovative regression strategy to obtain $Z$-scores that are nearly independent and distributed as standard Gaussians, resulting in a $χ_2^2$ distribution valid for any sample size (up to very high precision for $n\geq 20$). The case $λ=1$ leads to a powerful test of fit for the Laplace($μ,σ$) distribution, whose empirical power is superior to all $39$ competitors in the literature, over a wide range of $400$ alternatives. Theoretical proofs in this case are particularly challenging and substantial. We applied our tests to three temperature datasets. The new tests are implemented in the R package PoweR.
description: v1: Version that appeared in the PhD thesis of F. Ouimet. v2: Completely revamped and significantly expanded with an introduction, new tests, new theorems, 3 practical examples, Monte Carlo simulations, R codes, etc. v3: final version accepted in Statistics (Taylor & Francis)
Quantum critical points in tunneling junction of topological superconductor and topological insulator
Creators: name: Zuo, Zheng-Wei
name: Kang, Da-wei
name: Wang, Zhao-Wu
name: Li, Liben
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The tunneling junction between one-dimensional topological superconductor and integer (fractional) topological insulator (TI), realized via point contact, is investigated theoretically with bosonization technology and renormalization group methods. For the integer TI case, in a finite range of edge interaction parameter, there is a non-trivial stable fixed point which corresponds to the physical picture that the edge of TI breaks up into two sections at the junction, with one side coupling strongly to the Majorana fermion and exhibiting perfect Andreev reflection, while the other side decouples, exhibiting perfect normal reflection at low energies. This fixed point can be used as a signature of the Majorana fermion and tested by nowadays experiment techniques. For the fractional TI case, the universal low-energy transport properties are described by perfect normal reflection, perfect Andreev reflection, or perfect insulating fixed points dependent on the filling fraction and edge interaction parameter of fractional TI.
description: 16 pages (one column), 2 figure, comments are welcome