cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
COMIC: An Unsupervised Change Detection Method for Heterogeneous Remote Sensing Images Based on Copula Mixtures and Cycle-Consistent Adversarial Networks
Creators: name: Li, Chengxi
name: Li, Gang
name: Wang, Zhuoyue
name: Wang, Xueqian
name: Varshney, Pramod K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: In this paper, we consider the problem of change detection (CD) with two heterogeneous remote sensing (RS) images. For this problem, an unsupervised change detection method has been proposed recently based on the image translation technique of Cycle-Consistent Adversarial Networks (CycleGANs), where one image is translated from its original modality to the modality of the other image so that the difference map can be obtained by performing arithmetical subtraction. However, the difference map derived from subtraction is susceptible to image translation errors, in which case the changed area and the unchanged area are less distinguishable. To overcome the above shortcoming, we propose a new unsupervised copula mixture and CycleGAN-based CD method (COMIC), which combines the advantages of copula mixtures on statistical modeling and the advantages of CycleGANs on data mining. In COMIC, the pre-event image is first translated from its original modality to the post-event image modality. After that, by constructing a copula mixture, the joint distribution of the features from the heterogeneous images can be learnt according to quantitive analysis of the dependence structure based on the translated image and the original pre-event image, which are of the same modality and contain totally the same objects. Then, we model the CD problem as a binary hypothesis testing problem and derive its test statistics based on the constructed copula mixture. Finally, the difference map can be obtained from the test statistics and the binary change map (BCM) is generated by K-means clustering. We perform experiments on real RS datasets, which demonstrate the superiority of COMIC over the state-of-the-art methods.
Anmerkungen zum Aufsatz von Helga Venzlaff „Zur Verwendung von Vögeln in der Volksmedizin Marokkos“ aus „Curare“ 1979
Creators: name: Haller, Dieter
Publisher: name: Curare. Zeitschrift für Medizinethnologie
Year: 2024

description: Curare. Zeitschrift für Medizinethnologie, Bd. 40 Nr. 1-2 (2017): AGEM und 60 Jahre „Interdisziplinäres Arbeitsfeld Ethnologie und Medizin“, Teil IV
The Origins and Onset of the 2006 Crisis in Timor-Leste
Creators: name: Nuttall, Ruth Elizabeth
Publisher: name: Canberra, ACT : The Australian National University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Timor-Leste
2006 crisis
Xanana Gusmao
Mari Alkatiri
Fretilin
UDT
F-FDTL
PNTL
Timor-Leste history
Timor-Leste politics
East Timor
Portuguese Timor
Timor Timur

description: In the space of four weeks in April and May 2006, the newly independent country of Timor-Leste plunged from 'UN success story' into catastrophe. As hostilities grew, most of the inhabitants of the capital city fled their homes, and on 24 May, amidst armed conflict among police, army and irregular groups, Timor-Leste's leadership called in an international military intervention to restore the peace. Despite its gravity the crisis remains poorly understood both inside and outside the country, and many of its critical details have been lost to sight in the wake of subsequent events. The political nature of the crisis and the violence accompanying it exposed unresolved issues and deep divisions rooted in Timor's history. A returned Fretilin exile group under the leadership of Mari Alkatiri outmanoeuvred resistance hero Xanana Gusmão in the UN-managed political and constitutional processes leading to independence in 2002. After independence Prime Minister Mari Alkatiri pursued an autocratic style of government, favouring friends and excluding and persecuting opponents, built up paramilitary police forces and declared that Fretilin would rule for fifty years. By early 2006 Timor-Leste's first significant petroleum revenues had come on stream, its first parliamentary elections were due in 2007, and the UN mission (UNOTIL) was preparing to leave. Prime Minister Mari Alkatiri's appetite for power and authority, resisted by President Xanana Gusmão, made a confrontation of some kind inevitable. In early 2006 the political contest between Mari Alkatiri and Xanana Gusmão surfaced, over complaints of discrimination in the army. Over the following months, as tensions grew, the army fractured and the police force disintegrated. In May 2006 armed conflict among army, police, and irregular armed groups brought the country to the brink of civil war, halted only by the rapid deployment of Australian-led international forces on 25 May. Subsequent judicial investigations and prosecutions were pursued in dilatory fashion and left the impression that an understanding had been reached among the leadership to avoid mutual recrimination. The failure of the country's leadership to resolve pressing issues before the crisis, and their failure afterwards to account publicly for and to atone for what happened in 2006, sacrificed democratic and legal principle in the interest of political deal-making, and embedded undesirable precedents in Timor-Leste's political and judicial practice.
Software Assessment Methodology
Creators: name: Kovács, József
name: Farkas, Attila
name: Sciacca, Eva
name: Bordiu, Cristobal
name: Pisa, Claudio
name: Papanikos, Georgios
name: Kakaletris, Konstantinos
name: Konstantopoulos, Michalis
name: Manetta, Carmela
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: EOSC
Security
Underwater Research
Atmospheric Research
Planetary Science
Software Assessment
Service Management

description: The NEANIAS project aims at delivering TRL8 (i.e. system complete and qualified) innovative services in the Underwater, Atmospheric and Space research sectors to contribute to the European Open Science Cloud (EOSC).
 This document is deliverable D7.3 Software Assessment Methodology of the NEANIAS project. It contains an overview of various methodologies for assessing software and service components from various aspects.
Epitope mapping by a Wnt-blocking antibody: evidence of the Wnt binding domain in heparan sulfate
Creators: name: Liu, Jian
name: Gao, Wei
name: Xu, Yongmei
name: Ho, Mitchell
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Heparan sulfate (HS) is a polysaccharide known to modulate many important biological processes, including Wnt signaling. However, the biochemical interaction between HS and Wnt molecules is not well characterized largely due to the lack of suitable methods. To determine the Wnt binding domain in HS, we used a Wnt signaling-inhibitory antibody (HS20) and a panel of synthetic HS oligosaccharides with distinct lengths and sulfation modifications. We found that the binding of HS20 to heparan sulfate required sulfation at both the C2 position (2-O-sulfation) and C6 position (6-O-sulfation). The oligosaccharides with the greatest competitive effect for HS20 binding were between six and eight saccharide residues in length. Additionally, a four residue-long oligosaccharide could also be recognized by HS20 if an additional 3-O-sulfation modification was present. Furthermore, similar oligosaccharides with 2-O, 6-O and 3-O-sulfations showed inhibition for Wnt activation. These results have revealed that HS20 and Wnt recognize a HS structure containing IdoA2S and GlcNS6S, and that the 3-O-sulfation in GlcNS6S3S significantly enhances the binding of both HS20 and Wnt. This study provides the evidence for identifying the Wnt binding domain in HS and suggests a therapeutic approach to target the interaction of Wnt and HS in cancer and other diseases.
Completion of the muon veto for the Dortmund Low Background Facility and proton activation measurements on irradiated metals from proton beam therapy
Creators: name: Nitsch, Christian
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Dortmund Low Background Facility
subject: DLB
subject: Radioactivity
subject: Low background
subject: Gamma spectrometry
subject: Material screening
subject: Activity determination
subject: Radiopurity
subject: High purity germanium detector
subject: HPGe
subject: 530
subject: Radioaktivität
subject: Gammaspektroskopie
subject: Germaniumdetektor

description: The Dortmund Low Background Facility is a highly sensitive gamma ray spectrometry system, operated in a low-background environment, which enables the measurement of traces of radioactivity with high precision. A HPGe detector is set up within an artificial overburden, equivalent to 10 meters of water. This outer shielding reduces the contribution from cosmic muons during the measurement. Signals induced by cosmic muons that penetrate this shielding are suppressed by an active cosmic muon veto detector. Environmental radioactivity is effectively shielded from the germanium detector with an multi-layered inner shielding, which is featuring a neutron absorber inside a massive lead shielding. During this work, the muon veto detector is completed with newly installed plastic scintillator detectors. The upgraded veto detector in combination with passive shielding techniques results in a remarkably low residual background count rate of 1.855 counts/(kg min) between 40 keV and 2700 keV. Subsequently, detection limits below 1 mBq/kg are achieved. A detailed analysis of the remaining background spectrum is presented within this work, including MC simulations, that are used to estimate the origins of different background contributions. The irradiation of brass apertures wich high energetic protons during clinical proton beam therapy can create a radiation protection risk for personnel and patients. In cooperation with the WPE several metal samples are irradiated. Due to the high sensitivity of the Dortmund Low Background, relatively short-lived radionuclides are identified and analysed within two irradiated brass aperture samples. The results, presented in this work, are also compared with FLUKA simulations and used for the estimation of the ambient dose rate caused by the activated samples.
Learning quantitative sequence-function relationships from massively parallel experiments
Creators: name: Atwal, Gurinder S.
name: Kinney, Justin B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A fundamental aspect of biological information processing is the ubiquity of sequence-function relationships -- functions that map the sequence of DNA, RNA, or protein to a biochemically relevant activity. Most sequence-function relationships in biology are quantitative, but only recently have experimental techniques for effectively measuring these relationships been developed. The advent of such "massively parallel" experiments presents an exciting opportunity for the concepts and methods of statistical physics to inform the study of biological systems. After reviewing these recent experimental advances, we focus on the problem of how to infer parametric models of sequence-function relationships from the data produced by these experiments. Specifically, we retrace and extend recent theoretical work showing that inference based on mutual information, not the standard likelihood-based approach, is often necessary for accurately learning the parameters of these models. Closely connected with this result is the emergence of "diffeomorphic modes" -- directions in parameter space that are far less constrained by data than likelihood-based inference would suggest. Analogous to Goldstone modes in physics, diffeomorphic modes arise from an arbitrarily broken symmetry of the inference problem. An analytically tractable model of a massively parallel experiment is then described, providing an explicit demonstration of these fundamental aspects of statistical inference. This paper concludes with an outlook on the theoretical and computational challenges currently facing studies of quantitative sequence-function relationships.
description: 35 pages, 8 figures. Revised manuscript currently under review for publication
title: Examining nature connectedness, wellbeing and motivation for sustainable behaviour in the context of citizen science
Creators: name: Harnett, Michelle
Publisher: name: Electronic version published by Vancouver Island University
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Nature and civilization

description: Increasing environmental degradation has intensified the need for developing effective means of influencing sustainable behaviour. Literature indicates the presence of a strong, positive relationship between nature connectedness, wellbeing and sustainable behaviour. Intervention models that promote these constructs as outcomes may more effectively influence long-term sustainable behaviour than traditional models of knowledge dissemination. This study examines the relationships between nature connectedness, wellbeing and motivation for sustainable behaviour within the context of citizen science. Citizen science engages volunteers with professional scientists in the design, data collection and interpretation of scientific studies. Using non-probability sampling techniques and a mixed methods research design, online surveys were administered via program coordinators and social media outlets to adult citizen science participants in projects around the globe. The findings suggest that citizen science exposure does positively impact upon participants’ perceived levels of nature connectedness, wellbeing, and motivation for sustainable behaviour, and that deep, consistent participation in citizen science activities is key to bringing about these outcomes. Based on qualitative data, a model for the process of personal transformation that takes place within the citizen science context, including increased nature connectedness, wellbeing and motivation for sustainable behaviour, is presented. This research contributes to the broad body of literature focused on feelings of nature connectedness, wellbeing and sustainable behaviour by expanding it into the context of citizen science. It also provides a foundational study upon which to expand the knowledge base on how to effectively promote sustainable behaviour through citizen science projects and other conservation interventions, using the nature connectedness –wellbeing – sustainable behaviour framework.
Anmerkung zu Hans Stirnimanns Text „Abschirmen einer Siedlung gegen hexerische und zauberische Einüsse bei den Panga in S-Tansania“ (Reprint 1977)
Creators: name: Grauer, Harald
Publisher: name: Curare. Zeitschrift für Medizinethnologie
Year: 2024

description: Curare. Zeitschrift für Medizinethnologie, Bd. 40 Nr. 1-2 (2017): AGEM und 60 Jahre „Interdisziplinäres Arbeitsfeld Ethnologie und Medizin“, Teil IV
title: The space it fills: leisure gardening during COVID-19: an evaluation of leisure gardening, basic psychological needs, and resilience in a time of stress
Creators: name: Lawrence, Anna
Publisher: name: Electronic version published by Vancouver Island University
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Gardening

description: The purpose of this study was to explore the connection between leisure, basic psychological needs, and resilience during times of uncertainty. The context of this research was conducted within leisure gardeners on Vancouver Island, Canada, during the COVID-19 pandemic. This thesis acknowledges a call to develop leisure frameworks that incorporate basic psychological needs (Gui et al., 2019a; Leithwood, 2020), and to the author’s knowledge, is the first study to investigate that in tandem with resilience and times of uncertainty. Data collection occurred over the summer months of 2020 and utilized photovoice and semi-structured interviews to document psychological implications of the pursuit. The data was thematically analyzed and indicated that all participants reported a heightened sense of resilience because of their decision to garden as a leisure pursuit. The data also indicated that leisure gardening has a positive effect on participants’ basic psychological needs, while the COVID-19 pandemic had a negative effect. A proposed framework was developed linking times of uncertainty, leisure pursuits catering towards basic psychological need criteria, and resilience, to be tested in future studies. Implications of an effective framework could inform psychological sustainability initiatives, including personal wellness strategies and disaster preparedness plans.
title: Exploring bear attractant management strategies in Vancouver Island campgrounds
Creators: name: Greene, Michele
Publisher: name: Electronic version published by Vancouver Island University
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Bear deterrents and repellents

description: Human-wildlife conflict is a global problem. As the human population increases, we further encroach on wildlife habitat. British Columbia has experienced high levels of human-wildlife conflict involving black bears. These can occur in nature tourism contexts such as campgrounds. Campgrounds are often constructed in or near bear habitat because of the beautiful natural appearing terrain. Not only do visitors enjoy natural settings, they also seek to experience wildlife in their own habitat. On Vancouver Island, campgrounds constructed in semi-urban or rural environments are not exempt from human-bear conflict. While bears adapt to the presence of humans, humans do not always adapt their behaviour when they are in wildlife habitat. Consequently, bears can become habituated to people and food-conditioned when they take advantage of unsecured human food and garbage sources. This puts bears at risk of destruction if they are seen as a danger to visitors. Campgrounds have a major role to play in mitigating human-bear conflict through proper management of bear attractants. This research explores black bear attractant management (BBAM) strategies in campgrounds on Vancouver Island, using a mixed methods research design. The findings indicated that all campgrounds employ BBAM strategies to some degree, but there were no consistent approaches found across the campgrounds. Most campgrounds in the study had highly attractive campsites.
Bose-Einstein condensation in a frustrated triangular optical lattice
Creators: name: Janzen, Peter
name: Huang, Wen-Min
name: Mathey, Ludwig
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recent experimental condensation of ultracold atoms in a triangular optical lattice with negative effective tunneling energies paves the way to study frustrated systems in a controlled environment. Here, we explore the critical behavior of the chiral phase transition in such a frustrated lattice in three dimensions. We represent the low-energy action of the lattice system as a two-component Bose gas corresponding to the two minima of the dispersion. The contact repulsion between the bosons separates into intra- and inter-component interactions, referred to as $V_{0}$ and $V_{12}$, respectively. We first employ a Huang-Yang-Luttinger approximation of the free energy. For $V_{12}/V_{0} = 2$, which corresponds to the bare interaction, this approach suggests a first order phase transition, at which both the U$(1)$ symmetry of condensation and the $\mathbb{Z}_2$ symmetry of the emergent chiral order are broken simultaneously. Furthermore, we perform a renormalization group calculation at one-loop order. We demonstrate that the coupling regime $01$ we show that $V_{0}$ flows to a negative value, while $V_{12}$ increases and remains positive. This results in a breakdown of the effective quartic field theory due to a cubic anisotropy, and again suggests a discontinuous phase transition.
description: 13 pages, 10 figures
title: Using Internet review sites to create restaurant brands
Creators: name: Tamhankar, Shrideep
Publisher: name: Electronic version published by Vancouver Island University
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Branding (Marketing)

description: This study focused on analyzing the role of internet review sites in the process of restaurant branding. A brand is regarded as a set of mental associations amongst the consumers, which help businesses create a unique identity in the market. As such, consumers define the pathway for success or failure of any restaurant organization. The ever-increasing use of internet enables restaurant review sites to act as a vital source of information enabling the consumers to develop mental associations. Review sites are thus regarded as an influential platform for brand promotion and economic success. However, the role of review sites in creating a brand is not clear. Hence, this research study focused on how restaurant operators can use this avenue to create a brand. This exploratory study adopted a quantitative approach, using face-to-face survey research method to analyze data. The study was conducted in Nanaimo, Vancouver Island. The research findings helped to establish that the brand name of the restaurant was of high importance to the customers and that, customer satisfaction, quality and uniqueness were regarded as the top three factors responsible to create a brand. It was found that the respondents would majorly trust and get highly influenced by the customer reviews posted on review sites. The study also highlighted that the customers required only less than seven reviews to establish strong mental associations about any dining location. The findings of this research study were congruent with the key perspectives of branding which include: customer’s perceptions and the company’s financial returns. This study will be significant to the restaurant operators who wish to capitalize on the ‘free’ avenue; which is, the internet review sites, to create a restaurant brand. Established brands tend to initiate customer loyalty and retention thereby contributing to the economic sustainability of the restaurant industry.
Fortilin potentiates the peroxidase activity of Peroxiredoxin-1 and protects against alcohol-induced liver damage in mice
Creators: name: Chattopadhyay, Abhijnan
name: Fujise, Ken
name: Doan, Hung Q.
name: Pinkaew, Decha
name: McDougal, Owen M.
name: Jacob, Reed B.
name: Peterson, Alan C.
name: Verma, Sunil K.
name: Friedman, Hana
name: Kuyumcu-Martinez, Muge N.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Fortilin, a pro-survival molecule, inhibits p53-induced apoptosis by binding to the sequence-specific DNA-binding domain of the tumor suppressor protein and preventing it from transcriptionally activating Bax. Intriguingly, fortilin protects cells against ROS-induced cell death, independent of p53. The signaling pathway through which fortilin protects cells against ROS-induced cell death, however, is unknown. Here we report that fortilin physically interacts with the antioxidant enzyme peroxiredoxin-1 (PRX1), protects it from proteasome-mediated degradation, and keeps it enzymatically active by blocking its deactivating phosphorylation by Mst1, a serine/threonine kinase. At the whole animal level, the liver-specific overexpression of fortilin reduced PRX1 phosphorylation in the liver, enhanced PRX1 activity, and protected the transgenic animals against alcohol-induced, ROS-mediated, liver damage. These data suggest the presence of a novel oxidative-stress-handling pathway where the anti-p53 molecule fortilin augments the peroxidase PRX1 by protecting it against degradation and inactivation of the enzyme. Fortilin-PRX1 interaction in the liver could be clinically exploited further to prevent acute alcohol-induced liver damage in humans.
Marktzugang und Evaluation von digitalen Gesundheitstechnologien
Creators: name: Gensorowsky, Daniel
Publisher: name: Universität Bielefeld
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 330

description: Der akute Digitalisierungsrückstand im deutschen Gesundheitswesen steht in direktem Kontrast zu dem hohen gesundheitspolitischen Stellenwert der Digitalisierung und den weitreichenden Potenzialen, welche mit der Implementierung digitaler Gesundheitstechnologien in administrative und medizinische Leistungsprozesse verbunden werden. Wenngleich der solidarisch finanzierten Gesetzlichen Krankenversicherung (GKV) eine herausgehobene Funktion bei der umfassenden Realisierung der Digitalisierungspotenziale zukommt, kommen digitale Gesundheitstechnologien vor allem im ersten Gesundheitsmarkt bislang nur sehr eingeschränkt zum Einsatz. Vor diesem Hintergrund thematisiert die vorliegende kumulative Dissertation die Rahmenbedingungen des Zugangs von digitalen Gesundheitstechnologien in die Versorgungs- und Erstattungsstrukturen der GKV. Basierend auf sieben begutachteten Fachpublikationen mit unterschiedlichen qualitativen und quantitativen methodischen Schwerpunkten untersucht die Arbeit die (sozialrechtlichen) Rahmenbedingungen des Marktzugangs, methodische und praktische Ansätze der Evaluation digitaler Gesundheitstechnologien sowie Fragen der Vergütung und Marktdurchdringung. Auf diese Weise werden einerseits empirisch fundierte Ansatzpunkte für die zielgerichtete Weiterentwicklung der Marktzugangs- und der praktischen Nutzungsbedingungen von digitalen Gesundheitstechnologien identifiziert. Andererseits leistet die Arbeit einen direkten Beitrag zur Diskussion über angemessene Anforderungen an eine evidenzbasierte digitale Versorgung. Die Ergebnisse der Dissertation verdeutlichen, dass trotz der jüngeren gesetzgeberischen Reformmaßnahmen weiterhin Problemfelder und Hemmnisse im GKV-Zugang digitaler Gesundheitstechnologien existieren. Insbesondere fehlt es bislang an einer systematischen Auseinandersetzung mit dem akzeptablen Maß an Unsicherheit bei GKV-Erstattungsentscheidungen im Kontext digitaler Gesundheitstechnologien. Diese stellt jedoch eine wichtige Voraussetzung für die vielfach geforderte Entwicklung risikoadaptierter Marktzugangspfade dar. Zwar wurde mit dem Fast-Track-Verfahren für digitale Gesundheitsanwendungen zumindest für Medizinprodukte niedriger Risikoklassen ein funktionierender Marktzugangsweg geschaffen. Gleichwohl stellt die Aufnahme in den Leistungskatalog der GKV aber auch nur eine notwendige Bedingung für die nachhaltige Etablierung digitaler Angebote in der Gesundheitsversorgung dar. Eine kontinuierliche Begleitforschung zur Digitalisierung des Gesundheitswesens sollte daher Fragen des Nutzens und der Wirtschaftlichkeit digitaler Gesundheitstechnologien wie auch der Akzeptanz und der Kompetenzen der potenziellen Nutzer adressieren. Die vorliegende Dissertation liefert hierfür zahlreiche Impulse.
Der Wert der Katechismen und Hirtenbriefe französischer Bischöfe für die Feststellung der Existenz eines "consensus fidei"
Creators: name: Dhôtel, Jean-Claude
Publisher: name: Concilium
Year: 1970

description: Concilium, Bd. 8 Nr. 1 (1972): Concilium: Internationale Zeitschrift für Theologie, Band 8, Heft 1
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Electrical and Optogenetic Deep Brain Stimulation at the Rat Nucleus Accumbens
Creators: name: Stuber, Garret D.
name: Shih, Yen-Yu Ian
name: Salzwedel, Andrew
name: Gao, Wei
name: Van Den Berge, Nathalie
name: Albaugh, Daniel L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Deep brain stimulation of the nucleus accumbens (NAc-DBS) is an emerging therapy for diverse, refractory neuropsychiatric diseases. Although DBS therapy is broadly hypothesized to work through large-scale neural modulation, little is known regarding the neural circuits and networks affected by NAc-DBS. Using a healthy, sedated rat model of NAc-DBS, we employed both evoked- and functional connectivity (fc) MRI to examine the functional circuit and network changes achieved by electrical NAc stimulation. Optogenetic-fMRI experiments were also undertaken to evaluate the circuit modulation profile achieved by selective stimulation of NAc neurons. NAc-DBS directly modulated neural activity within prefrontal cortex and a large number of subcortical limbic areas (e.g., amygdala, lateral hypothalamus), and influenced functional connectivity among sensorimotor, executive, and limbic networks. The pattern and extent of circuit modulation measured by evoked-fMRI was relatively insensitive to DBS frequency. Optogenetic stimulation of NAc cell bodies induced a positive fMRI signal in the NAc, but no other detectable downstream responses, indicating that therapeutic NAc-DBS might exert its effect through antidromic stimulation. Our study provides a comprehensive mapping of circuit and network-level neuromodulation by NAc-DBS, which should facilitate our developing understanding of its therapeutic mechanisms of action.
Der Wert von Katechismen aus dem deutschen Sprachgebiet für die Findung und Feststellung eines Glaubenskonsensus
Creators: name: Kötter, Franz-Josef
Publisher: name: Concilium
Year: 1970

description: Concilium, Bd. 8 Nr. 1 (1972): Concilium: Internationale Zeitschrift für Theologie, Band 8, Heft 1
Constraints on the basic parameters of dark matter using the Planck data
Creators: name: Yang, Yupeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dark Matter annihilation or decay can affect the anisotropy of the cosmic microwave background (CMB). Therefore, the CMB data can be used to constrain the properties of a dark matter particle. In this work, we use the new CMB data obtained by the Planck satellite to investigate the limits on the basic parameters of a dark matter particle. The parameters are the dark matter mass ($m_χ$) and the thermally averaged cross section ($\langleσv\rangle$) for dark matter annihilation and the decay rate ($Γ$) (or lifetime $τ= 1/Γ$) for dark matter decay. For dark matter annihilation we also consider the impact of the structure formation process which is neglected by the recent work. We find that for DM annihilation, the constraints on the parameters are $f_{ann}=\langle σv\rangle /m_χ< 0.16 \times 10^{-26} \mathrm{cm^{3}s^{-1}GeV^{-1}}$(or $f_{ann}<0.89 \times 10^{-6} \mathrm{m^{3}s^{-1}kg^{-1}}$, $95\%$ C.L.). For DM decay, the constraints on the decay rate are $Γ< 0.28 \times 10^{-25} \mathrm{s^{-1}}$($95\%$ C.L.).
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, 2 tables. Accepted for publication in Physical Review D. Comments Welcome!
title: The roles and responsibilities of tour guides in Tanzania
Creators: name: Mbilinyi, Brighton
Publisher: name: Electronic version published by Vancouver Island University
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Safari guides--Tanzania

description: The growth of sustainable tourism in the least economic developed countries (LEDCs) has been identified as a vehicle for sustainable development. In achieving the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDG), safari tour guides have been identified as playing an important role in fostering sustainable tourism. This study explored the roles and responsibilities of safari guides in the Northern Tourism Circuit which acts as backbone of tourism in Tanzania. The study employed a qualitative description design and structured interviews to collect data from 23 participants including: (a) tour guides, (b) protected areas’ staff, (c) training institutions, and (d) a tour guide association. Using Cohen’s (1985) model of tour guiding, abductive analysis was used to explore roles and responsibilities of the tour guide; and an inductive analysis approach was used to explore the factors hindering guides from acting in sustainable ways. The findings showed four roles identified in Cohens (1985) model fit into the Tanzanian context; however, the interactional role was extended to include environmental, social, and economic interactions. The factors that hindered guides from acting in sustainable ways included: (a) park rules and regulations, (b) leakage of revenues away from Tanzania, (c) lack of standardized tour guide training, (d) low salary structure and extra expenses downloaded to guides, (f) poor infrastructure, (g) pressure from visitors, and (h) inflexible itineraries. This research resulted in the development of a new model of safari guiding that highlights the responsibilities of guides, identifies the external factors that influence guides’ behaviours, and the potential outcomes for sustainable tourism. This model extends the work of Cohen (1985) as well as that of Weiler and Black (2019) and Randall and Rollins (2009).
Autonomous vehicles and their impact on parking search
Creators: name: Bischoff, Joschka
name: Maciejewski, Michał
name: Schlenther, Tilmann
name: Nagel, Kai
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 380 Handel, Kommunikation, Verkehr
subject: parking search
subject: autonomous vehicles
subject: transport
subject: simulation
subject: MATSim

description: Parking is a major constraint for car users and therefore an important factor in mode choice decisions. In this paper we introduce a model to simulate parking search behavior for cars within a multi-agent transport simulation, including full simulation of all steps of parking search, such as walking to and from the vehicle. This is combined with the capabilities of privately owned autonomous vehicles (AVs), which may park automatically, often in other locations than conventional cars, once they are not in use. Three different strategies for AVs to park are developed: (1) Conventional parking search, (2) parking at a designated AV lot, and (3) empty cruising, where vehicles do not use any parking space, but keep on driving. We apply the simulation model to a residential neighborhood in central Berlin, where parking pressure is generally high and apply different shares of AV usage to the synthetic population used. This allows a detailed evaluation of effects for both AV and conventional vehicle owners. Results suggest that the usage of designated parking lots may be the most beneficial solution for most users, with both vehicle wait times and parking search durations being the lowest.
Mind the Gap – Passenger Arrival Patterns in Multi-agent Simulations
Creators: name: Neumann, Andreas
name: Kaddoura, Ihab
name: Nagel, Kai
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 380 Handel, Kommunikation, Verkehr
subject: multi agent simulation
subject: passenger arrival pattern
subject: time adaptation
subject: service reliability
subject: headway
subject: multinomial logit
subject: evolutionary algorithm
subject: KISS principle
subject: public transport
subject: MATSim

description: In most studies mathematical models are developed finding the expected waiting time to be a function of the headway. These models have in common that the proportion of passengers that arrive randomly at a public transport stop is less as headway in-creases. Since there are several factors of influence, such as social demographic or regional aspects, the reliability of public transport service and the level of passenger information, the threshold headway for the transition from random to coordinated passenger arrivals vary from study to study. This study's objective is to investigate if an agent-based model exhibits realistic passenger arrival behavior at transit stops. This objective is approached by exploring the sensitivity of the agents' arrival behavior towards (1) the degree of learning, (2) the reliability of the experienced transit service, and (3) the service headway. The simulation experiments for a simple transit corridor indicate that the applied model is capable of representing the complex passenger arrival behavior observed in reality. (1) For higher degrees of learning, the agents tend to over-optimize, i.e. they try to obtain the latest possible departure time exact to the second. An approach is presented which increases the diversity in the agents' travel alternatives and results in a more realistic behavior. (2) For a less reliable service the agents' time adaptation changes in that a buffer time is added between their arrival at the stop and the actual departure of the vehicle. (3) For the modification of the headway the simulation outcome is consistent with the literature on arrival patterns. Smaller headways yield a more equally distributed arrival pattern whereas larger headways result in more coordinated arrival patterns.
Magnetic Jam in the Corona of the Sun
Creators: name: Chen, F.
name: Peter, H.
name: Bingert, S.
name: Cheung, M. C. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The outer solar atmosphere, the corona, contains plasma at temperatures of more than a million K, more than 100 times hotter that solar surface. How this gas is heated is a fundamental question tightly interwoven with the structure of the magnetic field in the upper atmosphere. Conducting numerical experiments based on magnetohydrodynamics we account for both the evolving three-dimensional structure of the atmosphere and the complex interaction of magnetic field and plasma. Together this defines the formation and evolution of coronal loops, the basic building block prominently seen in X-rays and extreme ultraviolet (EUV) images. The structures seen as coronal loops in the EUV can evolve quite differently from the magnetic field. While the magnetic field continuously expands as new magnetic flux emerges through the solar surface, the plasma gets heated on successively emerging fieldlines creating an EUV loop that remains roughly at the same place. For each snapshot the EUV images outline the magnetic field, but in contrast to the traditional view, the temporal evolution of the magnetic field and the EUV loops can be different. Through this we show that the thermal and the magnetic evolution in the outer atmosphere of a cool star has to be treated together, and cannot be simply separated as done mostly so far.
description: Final version published online on 27 April 2015, Nature Physics 12 pages and 8 figures
Preliminary Results of a Multiagent Traffic Simulation for Berlin
Creators: name: Beuck, Ulrike
name: Nagel, Kai
name: Rieser, Marcel
name: Strippgen, David
name: Balmer, Michael
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: 380 Handel, Kommunikation, Verkehr
subject: traffic simulation
subject: multiagent simulation
subject: large-scale real-world scenario

description: This paper provides an introduction to multi-agent traffic simulation. Metropolitan regions can consist of several million inhabitants, implying the simulation of several million travelers, which represents a considerable computational challenge. We reports on our recent case study of a real-world Berlin scenario. The paper explains computational techniques necessary to achieve results. It turns out that the difficulties there, because of data availability and because of the special situation of Berlin after the re-unification, are considerably larger than in previous scenarios that we have treated.
Network breakdown “at the edge of chaos” in multi-agent traffic simulations
Creators: name: Rieser, Marcel
name: Nagel, Kai
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: 380 Handel, Kommunikation, Verkehr
subject: traffic network
subject: traffic jam
subject: traffic simulation
subject: transportation
subject: multi-agent

description: Traffic is highly influenced by network structure and human behaviour. Small changes in the human behaviour can lead to huge changes in the load of a traffic network. Current transportation models do not, and most of them cannot, research such random behaviour but always calculate a steady state. In our multi-agent transport simulation, we frequently observe seemingly random "network breakdowns", huge traffic jams that spread over a big part of the network, making a normal traffic flow impossible. This paper describes the investigations that were performed on the results of our large-scale multi-agent transport simulations in an attempt to contribute to the better understanding of the dynamic processes in such simulations and, hopefully, better understanding and modelling of the real-world.
title: An evaluation of women's satisfaction with midwife managed care: A randomised controlled trial of 1299 women
Creators: name: Shields, Noreen Rush
Publisher: name: University of Glasgow
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Health care management, maternity.

description: Government policy documents in the United Kingdom in the last five years indicate that major changes are necessary to ensure a more client-centered maternity service. Programmes of care with an enhanced role for the midwife are advocated. In 1992, Glasgow Royal Maternity Hospital was successful in attracting funding from the Scottish Office Home and Health Department for the setting up and evaluation of a Midwifery Development Unit. A randomised controlled trial of 1299 women evaluated the efficacy of this unit. The trial hypothesis was that compared with traditional shared care, midwife managed care offers women the similar clinical outcomes, the same complication rates, similar (or reduced) rates of intervention, enhanced satisfaction with care and enhanced continuity of care. This study reports women's satisfaction with midwife managed care when compared with shared care. The study compares women's satisfaction over different periods: antenatal, intrapartum, hospital-based and home-based postnatal care. The dimensions of satisfaction examined are: choices and decisions, interpersonal relationships with staff, information transfer, social support and general satisfaction. In addition, dimensions pertinent to specific time periods were examined (e.g. accessibility of antenatal care). Further analyses examined factors that may affect satisfaction with care (e.g. level of continuity of care and carer). The main method of data collection was three self-report questionnaires sent to women's homes although a case-record review was employed to examine continuity of care. The first questionnaire administered at 34-35 weeks of pregnancy asked about satisfaction with antenatal care. The second questionnaire administered at 7 weeks postnatal reviewed satisfaction with intrapartum care and hospital-based, and home-based postnatal care. A third questionnaire administered at 7 months postnatal reviewed satisfaction with intrapartum care. This questionnaire was sent to a reduced sample of women (n=362 midwife managed care, n=345 shared care) due to trial time constraints. Women receiving midwife managed care were significantly more satisfied with their maternity care throughout all time periods than women receiving shared care. The largest differences between the two groups appeared between antenatal and hospital-based postnatal care. The analysis of additional factors illustrated the importance of continuity in enhancing satisfaction. These results have implications for policy makers and providers indicating that schemes with the potential to improve continuity in antenatal and postnatal periods should be advocated.
Genome-wide association studies in East Asians identify new loci for waist-hip ratio and waist circumference
Creators: name: Kang, Daehee
name: Huang, Tao
name: Zhang, Xiaomin
name: Yang, Xiaobo
name: Chen, Yuan-Tsong
name: Kim, Young Jin
name: Wen, Wanqing
name: Lin, Xu
name: Nakatochi, Masahiro
name: Ohnaka, Keizo
name: Li, Huaixing
name: Cho, Yoon Shin
name: Shungin, Dmitry
name: Cai, Qiuyin
name: Kim, Soriul
name: Tai, E. Shyong
name: Shi, Jiajun
name: Wang, Yiqin
name: Jung, Keum Ji
name: Hwang, Joo-Yeon
name: Long, Jirong
name: Wu, Jer-Yuarn
name: Gu, Dongfeng
name: Hu, Yanling
name: Gao, Yutang
name: Moon, Sanghoon
name: Hixson, James E.
name: Guo, Xiuqing
name: Lin, Dongxin
name: Zheng, Wei
name: Liang, Jun
name: Guo, Xingyi
name: Chang, Li-Ching
name: Isono, Masato
name: Rotter, Jerome I.
name: Wu, Ying
name: Lee, Jeannette
name: Rao, Dabeeru
name: Mo, Zengnan
name: Tabara, Yasuharu
name: Han, Bok-Ghee
name: Kita, Yoshikuni
name: Lee, Nanette R.
name: Mohlke, Karen L.
name: Adair, Linda S.
name: Lee, Juyoung
name: Ueshima, Hirotsugu
name: Allison, Matthew
name: He, Meian
name: Takeuchi, Fumihiko
name: Akiyama, Koichi
name: Wu, Tangchun
name: Chen, Chien-Hsiun
name: Dorajoo, Rajkumar
name: Tsai, Fuu-Jen
name: Zheng, Yan
name: Xiang, Yong-Bing
name: Kim, Bong-Jo
name: Liu, Jian-Jun
name: Yamamoto, Ken
name: Kato, Norihiro
name: Jee, Sun Ha
name: Go, Min Jin
name: Miki, Tetsuro
name: Yokota, Mitsuhiro
name: Choi, Bo Youl
name: He, Jiang
name: Yao, Jie
name: Qi, Lu
name: Shu, Xiao-Ou
name: Li, Shengxu
name: Sull, Jae Woong
name: Tan, Aihua
name: Nakamura, Yasuyuki
name: Wu, Chen
name: Ye, Xingwang
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Sixty genetic loci associated with abdominal obesity, measured by waist circumference (WC) and waist-hip ratio (WHR), have been previously identified, primarily from studies conducted in European-ancestry populations. We conducted a meta-analysis of associations of abdominal obesity with approximately 2.5 million single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) among 53,052 (for WC) and 48,312 (for WHR) individuals of Asian descent, and replicated 33 selected SNPs among 3,762 to 17,110 additional individuals. We identified four novel loci near the EFEMP1, ADAMTSL3 , CNPY2, and GNAS genes that were associated with WC after adjustment for body mass index (BMI); two loci near the NID2 and HLA-DRB5 genes associated with WHR after adjustment for BMI, and three loci near the CEP120, TSC22D2, and SLC22A2 genes associated with WC without adjustment for BMI. Functional enrichment analyses revealed enrichment of corticotropin-releasing hormone signaling, GNRH signaling, and/or CDK5 signaling pathways for those newly-identified loci. Our study provides additional insight on genetic contribution to abdominal obesity.