cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Dynamism in plankton species occurrence and diversity of an impacted aquatic ecosystem, Southeastern Nigeria
Creators: name: Ihejirika, Chinedu Emeka
name: Orji, Uwakwe Angelbert
name: Okeke, Peter Ndu
name: Imo, Ejeagba Okorie
name: Nwachukwu, Joseph Ikechukwu
Publisher: name: EQA - International Journal of Environmental Quality
Year: 2023

description: Anthropogenic activities in rivers have been a major ecological problem affecting river morphology, water hydraulics, aquatic bio-systems and processes, and general water quality. This study established the diversity of planktons and physicochemical properties of dredging site of Otammiri River, Imo State. Water samples were collected from upstream, dredging site and downstream, with the aid of clean water sampling bottles and immediately transported to the laboratory for analysis. Plankton net of 55µm mesh was used to collect plankton samples and immediately transferred to plastic containers for microscopic examination, enumeration and classification. Occurrences of phytoplankton and zooplankton species were determined while Index of Diversity was computed using Margalef’s model. Multivariate redundancy analysis and biplot were used to show association among the planktons and the proportion of their occurrences at the sampling points. Phytoplankton was classified into Bacillariophyceae (Diatoms) (51.19%), Cyanophyceae (26.62%), Chlorophyceae (14.68%), Euglenophyceae (2.05%), Chrysophyceae (3.07%), and Xanthophyceace (2.39%); while zooplanktons were classified into Protozoa (47.06%), Rotifera (35.29%) and Cladocera (17.65%). Index of Diversity for phytoplankton species were: upstream (4.82), dredging site (5.19) and downstream (5.82); while for zooplankton were (1.86), (0.91) and (1.37) respectively. Physicochemical parameters showed significant variation (P<0.05) at the different sampling points. Dredging and other anthropogenic activities might be responsible for alterations in physicochemical characteristics and diversity of planktons in Otammiri River with consequences of ecological imbalance in the aquatic ecosystem.
description: EQA - International Journal of Environmental Quality, Vol. 53 (2023)
BD-Zarr v0.1.0
Creators: name: Kyoda, Koji
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 310201
subject: Bioinformatic methods development

description: BD-ZarrBD-Zarr is a zarr-based format for storing tracking data and the features of segmented biological objects.Koji Kyoda (RIKEN BDR), Kenneth Ho (The Francis Crick Institute), and Will Moore (University of Dundee) wrote the codes.The latest version will be available at https://github.com/openssbd/bdz.
On replacement of outliers and missing values in time series
Creators: name: Appaia, Loganathan
name: Palraj, Sumithra
Publisher: name: EQA - International Journal of Environmental Quality
Year: 2023

description: Presence of missing values and occurrence of outliers in time series cause many hindrances in the analysis of data. Several methods are proposed for determining estimates to replace the missing values and outliers. Mean, median, the largest order statistic and time series model based forecast values are used as the estimates for replacing missing values and outliers. But, no recommendations have been made so far for selection of the estimation methods. This paper attempts to compare the performance of six such estimation methods. Among them, time series models are fitted applying the autoregressive moving average method, long short-term memory method and Facebook’s Prophet method. Models are validated using the test data. Time series of Air Quality Index is used for carrying out for comparative study.
description: EQA - International Journal of Environmental Quality, Vol. 53 (2023)
Boolean networks with veto functions
Creators: name: Ebadi, Haleh
name: Klemm, Konstantin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Boolean networks are discrete dynamical systems for modeling regulation and signaling in living cells. We investigate a particular class of Boolean functions with inhibiting inputs exerting a veto (forced zero) on the output. We give analytical expressions for the sensitivity of these functions and provide evidence for their role in natural systems. In an intracellular signal transduction network [Helikar et al., PNAS (2008)], the functions with veto are over-represented by a factor exceeding the over-representation of threshold functions and canalyzing functions in the same system. In Boolean networks for control of the yeast cell cycle [Fangting Li et al., PNAS (2004), Davidich et al., PLoS One (2009)], none or minimal changes to the wiring diagrams are necessary to formulate their dynamics in terms of the veto functions introduced here.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures, 3 tables, v2: minor revision
Estimating radioactivity flux in tropical soils: a strategy for plant survival policy, environmental balance and human – animal - ecosystem nexus wellbeing
Creators: name: Adiaha, Monday Sunday
Publisher: name: EQA - International Journal of Environmental Quality
Year: 2023

description: The experiment investigated the vertical distributions of natural radionuclides 232Th, 226Ra and 40K as well as anthropogenic radionuclide 137Cs in soil samples and analyze the correlation among the radioactivity of these radionuclides in relation to the geo-properties (elevation, longitude and latitude of the area). The radioactivity flux of the area indicated that there exist variation in the intensity of the radionuclides in the area with all sites of investigation having different variability status that falls in threat potential for human-animal-environmental sustainability. The Gamma ray energy (KeV) of the area varied between 192.21 KeV – 1100.29 KeV indicating a view that the area holds a concern status of been problematic to the sustainable development of human-animal- ecosystem wellbeing. Policy recommendations from field observation include that the area should be place under reserved forestry system as a green approach for the reclamation of the area, including reduction in the negative human attitude toward indiscriminate mineral exploitation including mining and quarrying.
description: EQA - International Journal of Environmental Quality, Vol. 53 (2023)
Evaluation of soil fertility potentials of Guyuk local government area of Adamawa State, Nigeria
Creators: name: Jackson, Atheme
name: Philip, Hegarty James
Publisher: name: EQA - International Journal of Environmental Quality
Year: 2023

description: This study was conducted to evaluate soil fertility potentials of Guyuk Local Government Area of Adamawa State, Nigeria. Stratified random sampling technique was used for soil sampling. Soil samples were collected from the seven districts (Boibini, Guyuk, Kurnyi, Banjiram, Chikila, Kola and Dumna districts) of the Local government based on variation in soil characteristics observed, Random samples were collected at surface (0 – 20 cm) and subsurface (20 – 50 cm). Ten profile pits were sunk at least one in each district and samples were collected from each horizon for laboratory analysis, Global Positioning System (GPS) was used for exact location and altitude of pedons. The soils were analysed to determine the morphological, physical and chemical properties. Results obtained revealed that soils of the study area averaged at 203m above sea level, soils are moderately deep and generally sandy loam to clay textured with weak to strong sub angular blocky structure. The soils are well drained to moderately drained with high chroma value of 7.5YR and 10YR. Bulk density and porosity of pedons and augered samples averaged at 1.40mg/kg and 47% respectively, chemical properties showed pH was near neutral, organic carbon, total nitrogen and exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP) were generally to be low, available phosphorus was generally moderate, total exchangeable bases (TEB), Base saturation, and effective cation exchange capacity (ECEC) were high in soils of all the district of the study area. The soils of Bobini and Guyuk districts area were classified as Alfisols while Kurnyi, Banjiram, Chikila, Kola and Dumna districts are all Vertisols, according to USDA Soil Taxonomy. Three fertility classes were identified which are “S dm”, “C div” and “C divb”. The soil fertility of the study area can be improved and managed through integrated nutrient management system (INM).
description: EQA - International Journal of Environmental Quality, Vol. 53 (2023)
Emergence of assortative mixing between clusters of cultured neurons
Creators: name: Teller, Sara
name: Granell, Clara
name: De Domenico, Manlio
name: Soriano, Jordi
name: Gomez, Sergio
name: Arenas, Alex
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The analysis of the activity of neuronal cultures is considered to be a good proxy of the functional connectivity of in vivo neuronal tissues. Thus, the functional complex network inferred from activity patterns is a promising way to unravel the interplay between structure and functionality of neuronal systems. Here, we monitor the spontaneous self-sustained dynamics in neuronal cultures formed by interconnected aggregates of neurons (clusters). Dynamics is characterized by the fast activation of groups of clusters in sequences termed bursts. The analysis of the time delays between clusters' activations within the bursts allows the reconstruction of the directed functional connectivity of the network. We propose a method to statistically infer this connectivity and analyze the resulting properties of the associated complex networks. Surprisingly enough, in contrast to what has been reported for many biological networks, the clustered neuronal cultures present assortative mixing connectivity values, as well as a rich--club core, meaning that there is a preference for clusters to link to other clusters that share similar functional connectivity, which shapes a `connectivity backbone' in the network. These results point out that the grouping of neurons and the assortative connectivity between clusters are intrinsic survival mechanisms of the culture.
description: 33 pages, 10 figures
Corporate governance and business performance of hotels in Western Australia: analysis of market orientation as a mediator
Creators: name: Alam, Md. Mahmudul
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Tourism management
Tourism policy

description: Purpose: This study examines whether corporate governance enhances the financial and social business performance of three- to five-star hotels in Western Australia through the three dimensions of market orientation (i.e., customer orientation, competitor orientation, and inter-function coordination) as mediators. Design/methodology/approach: Data were collected from managers of hotels in the WA capital city of Perth and its surrounding areas using a questionnaire. Partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) was used to analyse the data. Findings: The overall result shows interesting findings of market orientation's mediating role. It is found that corporate governance may lead to better financial business performance through competitor orientation, but not through customer orientation and inter-function coordination. Complementary, corporate governance may lead to better social business performance through customer orientation and inter-function coordination, but not through competitor orientation. Originality: This paper offers contributions to both literature and practice on what dimensions of market orientation are important to enhance the performance of hotels when corporate governance is applied.
Anisotropic plasma at finite $U(1)$ chemical potential
Creators: name: Cheng, Long
name: Ge, Xian-Hui
name: Sin, Sang-Jin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a type IIB supergravity solution dual to a spatially anisotropic $\mathcal{N}=4$ super Yang-Mills plasma at finite $U(1)$ chemical potential and finite temperature. The effective five-dimensional gravitational theory is a consistent Einstein-Maxwell-dilaton-Axion truncation of the gauged supergravity. We obtain the solutions both numerically and analytically. We study the phase structure and thermodynamic instabilities of the solution, and find new instabilities independent of the renormalization scheme.
description: 1+50 pages, 31 figures. typos corrected. published version. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1106.1637 by other authors
Grand Unification and Intermediate Scale Supersymmetry
Creators: name: Hall, Lawrence J.
name: Nomura, Yasunori
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With minimal field content and for an interesting range of the supersymmetric Higgs mixing parameter, 0.5 < tan^2 β< 2, the superpartner mass scale, \tilde{m}, is found to be at the intermediate scale, ~ 10^{10 \pm 1} GeV, near where the Standard Model Higgs quartic coupling passes through zero. For any 4d supersymmetric grand unified symmetry spontaneously broken by a vacuum expectation value , if superpotential interactions for Σare forbidden e.g. by R symmetries, the uneaten color octet, Σ_8, and weak triplet, Σ_3, have masses of order \tilde{m}. The combination of superpartner and Σ_{8,3} states leads to successful gauge coupling unification, removing the disastrously high proton decay rate of minimal Standard Model unification. Proton decay could be seen in future experiments if \tilde{m} ~ 10^{11} GeV, but not if it is lower. If the reheating temperature after inflation, T_R, is less than \tilde{m} dark matter may be axions. If T_R > \tilde{m}, thermal LSP dark matter may lead to the environmental selection of a TeV-scale LSP, either wino or Higgsino, which could comprise all or just one component of dark matter. In the Higgsino case, the dark matter is found to behave inelastically in direct detection experiments, and gauge coupling unification occurs accurately without the need of any threshold corrections.
description: 14 pages, 3 figures; version to appear in JHEP
Axion mass estimates from resonant Josephson junctions
Creators: name: Beck, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently it has been proposed that dark matter axions from the galactic halo can produce a small Shapiro step-like signal in Josephson junctions whose Josephson frequency resonates with the axion mass [C. Beck, PRL 111, 231801 (2013)]. Here we show that the axion field equations in a voltage-driven Josephson junction environment allow for a nontrivial solution where the axion-induced electric current manifests itself as an oscillating supercurrent. The linear change of phase associated with this nontrivial solution implies the formal existence of a large magnetic field in a tiny surface area of the weak link region of the junction which makes incoming axions decay into microwave photons. We derive a condition for the design of Josephson junction experiments so that they can act as optimum axion detectors. Four independent recent experiments are discussed in this context. The observed Shapiro step anomalies of all four experiments consistently point towards an axion mass of $(110 \pm 2)μ$eV. This mass value is compatible with the recent BICEP2 results and implies that Peccei-Quinn symmetry breaking was taking place after inflation.
description: Expanded version, now 7 pages, 1 figure. Added a section on the physical interpretation of the nontrivial solution. Conclusion and section on axion mass estimates extended. Several new references added
The JADE Experiment at the PETRA $e^+e^-$ collider - history, achievements and revival
Creators: name: Bethke, S.
name: Wagner, Albrecht
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2022
Subjects: JADE
DESY PETRA Stor
GeV
programming
annihilation
electron positron
history

description: The JADE experiment was one of five large detector systems taking data at the electron-positron collider PETRA, from 1979 to 1986, at $e^+e^-$ annihilation centre-of-mass energies from 12 to 46.7 GeV. The forming of the JADE collaboration, the construction of the apparatus, the most prominent physics highlights, and the post-mortem resurrection and preservation of JADE's data and software are reviewed.
Constraining thawing and freezing models with cluster number counts
Creators: name: Devi, N. Chandrachani
name: Gonzalez, J. E.
name: Alcaniz, J. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Measurements of the cluster abundance as a function of mass and redshift provide an important cosmological test that probe not only the expansion rate but also the growth of perturbations. In this paper we adopt a scalar field scenario which admits both thawing and freezing solutions from an appropriate choice of the model parameters and derived all relevant expressions to calculate the mass function and the cluster number density. We discuss the ability of cluster observations to distinguish between these scalar field behaviors and the standard $Λ$CDM scenario by considering the eROSITA and SPT cluster surveys.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures, LaTeX
QTBD5Viewer v1.0.0
Creators: name: Kyoda, Koji
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 310201
subject: Bioinformatic methods development

description: QTBD5ViewerA visualizer for BD5-format filesMiguel Miranda-Miranda wrote the codes.The latest version will be available at https://github.com/openssbd/QTBD5Viewer.
Revisiting $Vh(\to b\bar{b})$ at the LHC and FCC-hh
Creators: name: Bishara, Fady
name: Englert, Philipp
name: Grojean, Christophe
name: Panico, Giuliano
name: Rossia, Alejo N.
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2022
Subjects: CERN LHC Coll, upgrade
Higgs particle, boosted particle
scale, new physics
coupling, gauge
FCC-hh
category
lepton
sensitivity
rapidity
quark
TeV
correlation
effective field theory
hadron

description: We consider $Vh$ production, focusing on the $h \to b\bar b$ decay channel, whose sizeable cross section makes it accessible at the LHC.We perform an improved analysis combining the 0-, 1- and 2-lepton channels with a scale-invariant $b$-tagging algorithm that allows us to exploit events with either a boosted Higgs via mass-drop tagging or resolved $b$-jets.Combining the boosted and resolved categories leads to a 13% improvement on the most strongly bounded Wilson coefficient at the LHC Run 3 with respect to the boosted category alone (and an 8% improvement at FCC-hh).This strategy gives sensitivity to 4 dimension-6 SMEFT operators that modify the $W$ and $Z$ couplings to quarks and is competitive with the bounds obtained from global fits and other Higgs decay channels.The benefit of the $h\to b\bar b$ decay channel is that it is the only one accessible at the LHC and HL-LHC while at FCC-hh it is competitive with the effectively background free $h\to \gamma\gamma$ channel assuming $\lesssim 5\%$ systematic uncertainty.Furthermore, we show that, at the FCC, binning in the rapidity of the $Vh$ system can significantly reduce correlations between some EFT operators.The bounds we obtain transalte to a lower bound on the new physics scale or 5, 8, and 20 TeV at the LHC Run3, HL-LHC, and FCC-hh respectively assuming a Wilson coefficient of unity.Finally, we assess the impact of the $Vh$ production channel on anomalous triple gauge coupling measurements, comparing with the determination at lepton colliders.
The jet-disc connection in AGN
Creators: name: Sbarrato, T.
name: Padovani, P.
name: Ghisellini, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present our latest results on the connection between accretion rate and relativistic jet power in AGN, by using a large sample which includes mostly blazars, but contains also some radio--galaxies. The jet power can be traced by $γ$--ray luminosity in the case of blazars, and radio luminosity for both classes. The accretion disc luminosity is instead traced by the broad emission lines. Among blazars, we find a correlation between broad line emission and the $γ$--ray or radio luminosities, suggesting a direct tight connection between jet power and accretion rate. We confirm that the observational differences between blazar subclasses reflect differences in the accretion regime, but with blazars only we cannot properly access the low--accretion regime. By introducing radio--galaxies, we succeed in observing the fingerprint of the transition between radiatively efficient and inefficient accretion discs in the jetted AGN family. The transition occurs at the standard critical value $L_{\rm d}/L_{\rm Edd}\sim10^{-2}$ and it appears smooth. Below this value, the ionizing luminosity emitted by the accretion structure drops significantly.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Energiegewinnung durch Schallwellen
Creators: name: Szarmanski, Christoph
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Frequentic ist ein experimentelles Forschungsprojekt, das demonstriert, wie sich Schallwellen gezielt zur Erzeugung elektrischer Spannung nutzen lassen. Durch die Kombination aus einer freischwingenden, magnetisch reagierenden Metallplatte und einer Kupferspule entsteht bei gezielter akustischer Beschallung eine messbare Induktion. Dieses Prinzip eröffnet neue Möglichkeiten zur Energiegewinnung aus akustischen Quellen – einfach, effizient und innovativ.
E-CAM Software Platform IV
Creators: name: O'Cais, Alan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Training, Online learning, Portal, Version Control, Best Practices

description: Update to E-CAM Software Platform III  that highlights the services that are currently available to E-CAM users and outlines the purpose of each service. These services include:

• Online software repositories and associated services,

• A number of project management services to facilitate effective collaboration on software projects and to streamline the creation of associated publications,

• An online training platform populated with the training content delivered at the project’s Extended Software Development Workshops.

Over the lifetime of the project these online services will continue to mature and expand, particularly in the case of online learning as new content is added and the platform is increasingly leveraged by training events.
Mineral import demand and clean energy transitions in the top mineral-importing countries
Creators: name: Alam, Md. Mahmudul
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Environment and resource economics

description: The clean energy transitions require a large volume of minerals to handle its diverse technologies, such as solar photovoltaics (PV), wind turbines etc. Therefore, mineral importing countries concentrated on cleaner energy production confront an uprising trend in critical mineral prices due to thriving demands. We quest for the response of the top mineral importing countries' import demand for minerals to the clean energy transitions from 1996 to 2019 within the import-demand function analysis. Using the cross-sectional autoregressive distributed lag (CS-ARDL) method, our findings divulge a significantly positive response of mineral import demand to solar and wind energy productions in the long run. We also find that mineral price elasticity holds the Marshallian demand hypothesis in the mineral-laden solar energy generation while contradicting it in wind energy production. In addition, the oil price substitution effect does not sustain, whereas exchange rate depreciates mineral import demands in the long run. Therefore, our policy implications encompass optimizing the mineral resources for clean energy transitions to materialize the 21st century's global agenda of a decarbonized or net-zero emissions trajectory.
Multisymplectic effective General Boundary Field Theory
Creators: name: Arjang, Mona
name: Zapata, José A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The transfer matrix in lattice field theory connects the covariant and the initial data frameworks; in spin foam models, it can be written as a composition of elementary cellular amplitudes/propagators. We present a framework for discrete spacetime classical field theory in which solutions to the field equations over elementary spacetime cells may be amalgamated if they satisfy simple gluing conditions matching the composition rules of cellular amplitudes in spin foam models. Furthermore, the formalism is endowed with a multisymplectic structure responsible for local conservation laws. Some models within our framework are effective theories modeling a system at a given scale. Our framework allows us to study coarse graining and the continuum limit.
Clausius inequality and H-theorems for some models of random wealth exchange
Creators: name: Apenko, S. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss a possibility of deriving an H-theorem for nonlinear discrete time evolution equation that describes random wealth exchanges. In such kinetic models economical agents exchange wealth in pairwise collisions just as particles in a gas exchange their energy. It appears useful to reformulate the problem and represent the dynamics as a combination of two processes. The first is a linear transformation of a two-particle distribution function during the act of exchange while the second one corresponds to new random pairing of agents and plays a role of some kind of feedback control. This representation leads to a Clausius-type inequality which suggests a new interpretation of the exchange process as an irreversible relaxation due to a contact with a reservoir of a special type. Only in some special cases when equilibrium distribution is exactly a gamma distribution, this inequality results in the H-theorem with monotonically growing `entropy' functional which differs from the Boltzmann entropy by an additional term. But for arbitrary exchange rule the evolution has some features of relaxation to a non-equilibrium steady state and it is still unclear if any general H-theorem could exist.
description: 13 pages, final published version
Dynamic strain-mediated coupling of a single diamond spin to a mechanical resonator
Creators: name: Ovartchaiyapong, Preeti
name: Lee, Kenneth W.
name: Myers, Bryan A.
name: Jayich, Ania C. Bleszynski
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The development of hybrid quantum systems is central to the advancement of emerging quantum technologies, including quantum information science and quantum-assisted sensing. The recent demonstration of high quality single-crystal diamond resonators has led to significant interest in a hybrid system consisting of nitrogen-vacancy center spins that interact with the resonant phonon modes of a macroscopic mechanical resonator through crystal strain. However, the nitrogen-vacancy spin-strain interaction has not been well characterized. Here, we demonstrate dynamic, strain-mediated coupling of the mechanical motion of a diamond cantilever to the spin of an embedded nitrogen-vacancy center. Via quantum control of the spin, we quantitatively characterize the axial and transverse strain sensitivities of the nitrogen-vacancy ground state spin. The nitrogen-vacancy center is an atomic scale sensor and we demonstrate spin-based strain imaging with a strain sensitivity of 3 10^(-6) strain Hz^(-1/2). Finally, we show how this spin-resonator system could enable coherent spin-phonon interactions in the quantum regime.
description: 35 pages, 6 figures
Shear flow of angular grains: acoustic effects and non-monotonic rate dependence of volume
Creators: name: Lieou, Charles K. C.
name: Elbanna, Ahmed E.
name: Langer, J. S.
name: Carlson, J. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Naturally-occurring granular materials often consist of angular particles whose shape and frictional characteristics may have important implications on macroscopic flow rheology. In this paper, we provide a theoretical account for the peculiar phenomenon of auto-acoustic compaction -- non-monotonic variation of shear band volume with shear rate in angular particles -- recently observed in experiments. Our approach is based on the notion that the volume of a granular material is determined by an effective-disorder temperature known as the compactivity. Noise sources in a driven granular material couple its various degrees of freedom and the environment, causing the flow of entropy between them. The grain-scale dynamics is described by the shear-transformation-zone (STZ) theory of granular flow, which accounts for irreversible plastic deformation in terms of localized flow defects whose density is governed by the state of configurational disorder. To model the effects of grain shape and frictional characteristics, we propose an Ising-like internal variable to account for nearest-neighbor grain interlocking and geometric frustration, and interpret the effect of friction as an acoustic noise strength. We show quantitative agreement between experimental measurements and theoretical predictions, and propose additional experiments that provide stringent tests on the new theoretical elements.
description: 12 pages, 3 figures
Second harmonic generation in GaAs photonic crystal cavities in (111)B and (001) crystal orientations
Creators: name: Buckley, Sonia
name: Radulaski, Marina
name: Petykiewicz, Jan
name: Lagoudakis, Konstantinos G.
name: Kang, Ju-Hyung
name: Brongersma, Mark
name: Biermann, Klaus
name: Vuckovic, Jelena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate second harmonic generation in photonic crystal cavities in (001) and (111)B oriented GaAs. The fundamental resonance is at 1800 nm, leading to second harmonic below the GaAs bandgap. Below-bandgap operation minimizes absorption of the second harmonic and two photon absorption of the pump. Photonic crystal cavities were fabricated in both orientations at various in-plane rotations of the GaAs substrate. The rotation dependence and farfield patterns of the second harmonic match simulation. We observe similar maximum efficiencies of 1.2 %/W in (001) and (111)B oriented GaAs.
description: replaced with minor changes
Colloquium : Excitons in atomically thin transition metal dichalcogenides
Creators: name: Wang, Gang
name: Chernikov, Alexey
name: Glazov, Mikhail M.
name: Heinz, Tony F.
name: Marie, Xavier
name: Amand, Thierry
name: Urbaszek, Bernhard
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: Atomically thin materials such as graphene and monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) exhibit remarkable physical properties resulting from their reduced dimensionality and crystal symmetry. The family of semiconducting transition metal dichalcogenides is an especially promising platform for fundamental studies of two-dimensional (2D) systems, with potential applications in optoelectronics and valleytronics due to their direct band gap in the monolayer limit and highly efficient light-matter coupling. A crystal lattice with broken inversion symmetry combined with strong spin-orbit interactions leads to a unique combination of the spin and valley degrees of freedom. In addition, the 2D character of the monolayers and weak dielectric screening from the environment yield a significant enhancement of the Coulomb interaction. The resulting formation of bound electron-hole pairs, or excitons, dominates the optical and spin properties of the material. Here recent progress in understanding of the excitonic properties in monolayer TMDs is reviewed and future challenges are laid out. Discussed are the consequences of the strong direct and exchange Coulomb interaction, exciton light-matter coupling, and influence of finite carrier and electron-hole pair densities on the exciton properties in TMDs. Finally, the impact on valley polarization is described and the tuning of the energies and polarization observed in applied electric and magnetic fields is summarized.
Spatial variations in the spectral index of polarized synchrotron emission in the 9 yr WMAP sky maps
Creators: name: Fuskeland, U.
name: Wehus, I. K.
name: Eriksen, H. K.
name: Næss, S. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We estimate the spectral index, beta, of polarized synchrotron emission as observed in the 9 yr WMAP sky maps using two methods, linear regression ("T-T plot") and maximum likelihood. We partition the sky into 24 disjoint sky regions, and evaluate the spectral index for all polarization angles between 0 deg and 85 deg in steps of 5. Averaging over polarization angles, we derive a mean spectral index of beta_all-sky=-2.99+-0.01 in the frequency range of 23-33 GHz. We find that the synchrotron spectral index steepens by 0.14 from low to high Galactic latitudes, in agreement with previous studies, with mean spectral indices of beta_plane=-2.98+-0.01 and beta_high-lat=-3.12+-0.04. In addition, we find a significant longitudinal variation along the Galactic plane with a steeper spectral index toward the Galactic center and anticenter than toward the Galactic spiral arms. This can be well modeled by an offset sinusoidal, beta(l)=-2.85+0.17sin(2l-90). Finally, we study synchrotron emission in the BICEP2 field, in an attempt to understand whether the claimed detection of large-scale B-mode polarization could be explained in terms of synchrotron contamination. Adopting a spectral index of beta=-3.12, typical for high Galactic latitudes, we find that the most likely bias corresponds to about 2% of the reported signal (r=0.003). The flattest index allowed by the data in this region is beta=-2.5, and under the assumption of a straight power-law frequency spectrum, we find that synchrotron emission can account for at most 20% of the reported BICEP2 signal.
description: 11 pages, 9 figures, updated to match version published in ApJ
Gold nugget formation from earthquake-induced piezoelectricity in quartz
Creators: name: Voisey, Christopher R
name: Hunter, Nicholas
name: Tomkins, Andrew G
name: Brugger, Joël
name: Liu, Weihua
name: Liu, Yang
name: Luzin, Vladimir
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 3709
subject: Physical geography and environmental geoscience

description: No description supplied
Computations of Wakefields for Beam Position Monitors of PETRA III
Creators: name: Bandyopadhyay, A. K.
name: Joestingmeier, A.
name: Omar, A. S.
name: Wanzenberg, R.
name: DESY
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2006

description: M-Report (2006).
Birefringence Tomography for Axion Cloud
Creators: name: Chen, Yifan
name: Li, Chunlong
name: Mizuno, Yosuke
name: Shu, Jing
name: Xue, Xiao
name: Yuan, Qiang
name: Zhao, Yue
name: Zhou, Zihan
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2022
Subjects: birefringence, induced
plasma, velocity
axion, signature
black hole
flow
accretion
horizon
cloud
star
oscillation
sensitivity
magnetic field
superradiance
photon
spin

description: An axion cloud surrounding a supermassive black hole can be naturally produced through the superradiance process. Its existence can be examined by the axion induced birefringence effect. It predicts an oscillation of the electric vector position angle of linearly polarized radiations. Stringent constraints of the existence of the axion in a particular mass window has been obtained based on the recent Event Horizon Telescope measurement on M87$^\star$. The future Very-Long-Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) observations will be able to measure the vicinity of many supermassive black holes, thus it opens the possibility to search for the existence of axions in a wide mass regime. In this paper, we study how different black hole properties and accretion flows influence the signatures of the axion induced birefringence. We include the impacts of black hole inclination angles, spins, magnetic fields, plasma velocity distributions, the thickness of the accretion flows. We pay special attention to characterize the washout effects induced by the finite thickness of the accretion flows and the lensed photons. Based on this study, we give prospects on how to optimize the axion search using future VLBI observations, such as the next-generation Event Horizon Telescope, to further increase the sensitivity.
The Entropy Relations of Black Holes with Multihorizons in Higher Dimensions
Creators: name: Wang, Jia
name: Xu, Wei
name: Meng, Xin-he
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the entropy relations of multi-horizons black holes in higher dimensional (A)dS spacetime with maximal symmetries, including Einstein-Maxwell gravity and $f(R)$(-Maxwell) gravity. These additional equalities in thermodynamics are expected to be useful to understanding the origin of black hole entropy at the microscopic level. Revisiting the entropy product introduced by Cvetic etc, in our case, it has an unexpected behavior. It is shown that this electric charge $Q$ plays an important role in this entropy product. The entropy product of charged black holes only depends on the electric charge $Q$ and is mass independence. When $Q$ vanishes in the solution, it turns to mass dependence, even when including the effect of the un-physical ``virtual'' horizons. In this sense, the ``universal relation'' of this entropy product is destroyed. Then we introduce another kind of ``universal'' entropy relation, which only depends on the cosmological constant $Λ$ and the background topology $k$, and which does not depend on the conserved charges $Q$, nor even the mass $M$.
description: 9 pages, revtex4-1, Accepted for publication in Physical Review D
Investigation of the PETRA III Resistive Wall Impedance
Creators: name: Ivanyan, M.
name: Laziev, E.
name: Tsakanov, V.
name: Vardanyan, A.
name: Tsakanian, A.
name: Wanzenberg, R.
name: DESY
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2007

description: M-Report (2007).
Self-reported and performance-based measures of attentional control as predictors of psychotherapy treatment outcomes
Creators: name: Hsu, Kean J.
name: Thröstur Björgvinsson
name: Hudson, Chloe
name: Beard, Courtney
name: Forgeard, Marie
name: Traynor, Jenna
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences

description: The executive ability to selectively orient attention towards relevant information while simultaneous orienting attention away from distractions is referred to as attentional control (Shipstead et al., 2014). Deficits in attentional control is a transdiagnostic feature of mental illness (McTeague et al., 2016) that is associated with more severe symptomatology (Dibben et al., 2009; Shi et al., 2019; Snyder, 2013) and worse psychosocial functioning (e.g., Adler et al., 2006; Gupta et al., 2013; Kochanska & Knaack, 2003; Wang et al., 2004). Yet, the role of attentional control is psychotherapy treatment outcomes remains poorly understood. Such knowledge has the potential to improve both psychotherapy implementation efforts as well as treatment outcomes by identifying patients who may benefit from augmented treatments that targets attentional deficits (e.g., cognitive remediation therapy; Bowie, 2019) prior to traditional psychotherapy.
SSBD metadata v2.6.2
Creators: name: Kyoda, Koji
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 310299
subject: Bioinformatics and computational biology not elsewhere classified

description: SSBD metadataSSBD (https://ssbd.riken.jp) is a platform for sharing and reusing bioimaging data.The current released version of the SSBD metadata is v.2.6.2. This metadata model was developed by Hiroya Itoga and Koji Kyoda (RIKEN BDR).The latest version will be available at https://github.com/openssbd/ssbd-metadata.
Wakes and Impedance Computations for the PETRA III Longitudinal Feedback Cavity
Creators: name: Bandyopadhyay, A. K.
name: Joestingmeier, A.
name: Omar, A. S.
name: Wanzenberg, R.
name: DESY
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2007

description: M-Report (2007).
Representations of ignorance guiding the interpretation of requests for information
Creators: name: Reboul, Anne
name: Mascaro, Olivier
name: Brun, Mélanie
name: Aguirre, Marie
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023

description: This set of Studies tests the kind of representations of ignorance used to interpret requests for information. We focus more specifically on the interpretation of interrogative sentences that are used to request information.
'Annual State of the Union report - Part III: How can ESF+ be optimised for social innovation?'
Creators: name: Reynolds, Sophie
name: Gabriel, Madeleine
name: Whittall, Laura
name: Ningqian Yang
name: Rizzo, Francesca
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: European Social Fund
European policy
European employment policy
Social innovation policy
Social innovation
Community-led local development
Social Europe
European Pillar of Social Rights
Experimentation

description: The European Social Fund is arguably the EU’s most powerful policy tool for creating a more ‘social Europe’. Since 2008, Europe’s renewed Social Agenda has explored how the European social model can be made more modern, inclusive, innovative and sustainable.

The current ESF regulation explicitly encourages social innovation as a way to achieve these goals - as does the proposal for ESF+. However, many ESF stakeholders and beneficiaries report several challenges in attempting to use the fund for social innovation. These include a lack of capacity to effectively design, implement, evaluate and scale innovative actions, and a widespread misunderstanding of what social innovation is, and the rationale for supporting it. As EU policymakers debate the future of ESF, this report asks: how can it be optimised for social innovation as a way to achieve these goals?

The report brings together analysis of ESF expenditure on social innovation, previous reports on ESF and social innovation and responses to the ESF+ proposals, with primary data from stakeholder interviews and roundtable discussions. It makes clear recommendations about further amendments to the ESF+ proposal, and for its eventual implementation in the 2021-2027 programming period.
The Coolidge-Nagata conjecture, part I
Creators: name: Palka, Karol
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14H50 (Primary), 14J17, 14E07 (Secondary)

description: Let $E\subseteq \mathbb{P}^2$ be a complex rational cuspidal curve contained in the projective plane and let $(X,D)\to (\mathbb{P}^2,E)$ be the minimal log resolution of singularities. Applying the log minimal model program to $(X,\frac{1}{2}D)$ we prove that if $E$ has more than two singular points or if $D$, which is a tree of rational curves, has more than six maximal twigs or if $\mathbb{P}^2\setminus E$ is not of log general type then $E$ is Cremona equivalent to a line, i.e. the Coolidge-Nagata conjecture for $E$ holds. We show also that if $E$ is not Cremona equivalent to a line then the morphism onto the minimal model contracts at most one irreducible curve not contained in $D$.
description: 34 pages, 1 figure
Colorectal cancer survival, treatment and recurrence patterns among Hispanic patients in the United States of America, towards a unified consensus: Scoping Review Protocol
Creators: name: Stern, Mariana C.
name: Quino, Juanita Elizabeth
name: Xiong, Wei
name: Sanchez-Mendez, Joel
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Public Health
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Scoping Review
subject: Latinx
subject: Hispanics
subject: Colorectal Cancer
subject: Cancer Treatment
subject: Latina
subject: Cancer Survival
subject: Cancer Recurrence
subject: Latino

description: This document represents the registration of the scoping review protocol entitled "Colorectal cancer survival, treatment and recurrence patterns among Hispanic patients in the United States of America, towards a unified consensus: Scoping Review Protocol'.
L’organizzazione del processo civile in caso di pandemia: predisposizione di modelli virtuosi per la gestione dell’attività giudiziaria
Creators: name: Mancuso, Carolina
name: Ottobre, Giorgia
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2022
Subjects: IUS/15 Diritto processuale civile
SPS/04 Scienza politica

description: Il presente contributo costituisce un resoconto analitico delle attività di ricerca e dei risultati raggiunti con il progetto empirico MVGiust, finanziato dal MUR, finalizzato alla ricerca di buone prassi di gestione del processo civile ordinario nei periodi di crisi, a partire dall'esperienza maturata durante l'emergenza da Covid-19.
Lagrangian Perturbation Theory : Exact One-Loop Power Spectrum in General Dark Energy Models
Creators: name: Lee, Seokcheon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, we find that the correction for the EdS assumption on the one-loop matter power spectrum for general dark energy models using the standard perturbation theory is not negligible \cite{LPB}. Thus, we investigate the same problem by obtaining the exact displacement vector and kernels up to the third order for the general dark energy models in the Lagrangian perturbation theory (LPT). Using these exact solutions, we investigate the present one-loop matter power spectrum in the $Λ$CDM model with $Ω_{m0} = 0.25 (0.3)$ to obtain about 0.2 (0.18) \% error correction compared to that obtained from the EdS assumption for $k = 0.1 \rm{h\, Mpc}^{-1}$ mode. If we consider the total matter power spectrum, the correction is only 0.05 (0.03) \% for the same mode. It means that EdS assumption is a good approximation for $Λ$CDM model in LPT theory. However, one can use this method for general models where EdS assumption is improper.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures