cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Class Formation and Localism in an Emerging Bureaucracy: British Bank Workers, 1880-1960
Creators: name: Savage, Michael
name: Stovel, Katherine
name: Bearman, Peter Shawn
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Social status
subject: Bureaucracy
subject: Residential mobility
subject: Occupational mobility

description: This article uses a case study of the spatial and career mobility of bank workers from Lloyds, a leading British bank, to explore the relationship between class formation and spatial mobility. The article argues against the idea that the large‐scale concentration and bureaucratization of the British banking industry in the early years of the twentieth century saw the emergence of a mobile middle‐class spiralist or cosmopolitan. We use archival data from Lloyds Bank to argue that the emergence of Lloyds as a large‐scale national bank involved a compromise with localized interests rather than a detachment of the bank from local concerns. We use data on the career histories of a representative sample of male bank employees to argue that spatial mobility was organized largely within regions and helped to consolidate the prospects of rural bank workers. We argue that London emerged as a distinctive ‘hub’ for banking careers, with significant amounts of movement to and from London from all regions. We therefore demonstrate how localized and rural cultures were sedimented within a large, national bureaucracy, and that a genuine ‘spiralist’ structure did not emerge.
Stochastic perturbations to dynamical systems: a response theory approach
Creators: name: Lucarini, Valerio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the impact of stochastic perturbations to deterministic dynamical systems using the formalism of the Ruelle response theory and explore how stochastic noise can be used to explore the properties of the underlying deterministic dynamics of a system. We find the expression for the change in the expectation value of a general observable when a white noise forcing is introduced in the system, both in the case of additive and multiplicative noise. We also show that the difference between the expectation value of the power spectrum of an observable in the stochastically perturbed case and of the same observable in the unperturbed case is equal to the variance of the noise times the square of the modulus of the susceptibility describing the frequency-dependent response of the system to perturbations with the same spatial patterns as the considered stochastic forcing. Using Kramers-Kronig theory, it is then possible to derive the susceptibility and thus deduce the Green function of the system for any desired observable. We then extend our results to rather general patterns of random forcing, from the case of several white noise forcings, to noise terms with memory, up to the case of a space-time random field. Explicit formulas are provided for each relevant case. As a general result, we find, using an argument of positive-definiteness, that the power spectrum of the stochastically perturbed system is larger at all frequencies than the power spectrum of the unperturbed system. We provide a example of application of our results by considering the Lorenz 96 model. These results clarify the property of stochastic stability of SRB measures in Axiom A flows, provide tools for analysing stochastic parameterisations and related closure ansatz to be implemented in modelling studies, and introduce new ways to study the response of a system to external perturbations.
description: 18 pages, 2 figures [updated version]
Risk as Social Context: Immigration Policy and Autism in California
Creators: name: Fountain, Christine
name: Bearman, Peter Shawn
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Autism in children--Diagnosis
subject: Emigration and immigration--Government policy
subject: Children--Health risk assessment
subject: Hispanic American children

description: Motivated by the dramatic increase in autism diagnoses in recent years, research into risk factors has uncovered substantial variation in autism prevalence by race/ethnicity, SES, and geography. Less studied is the connection between autism diagnosis rates and the social and political context. In this article, we link the temporal pattern of autism diagnosis for Hispanic children in California to state and federal anti‐immigrant policy, particularly ballot initiative Proposition 187, limiting access to public services for undocumented immigrants and their families. Using a population‐level data set of 1992–2003 California births linked to 1992–2006 autism case records, we show that the effects of state and federal policies toward immigrants are visible in the rise and fall of autism risk over time. The common epidemiological practice of estimating risk on pooled samples is thereby shown to obscure patterns and mis‐estimate effect sizes. Finally, we illustrate how spatial variation in Hispanic autism rates reflects differential vulnerability to these policies. This study reveals not only the spillover effects of immigration policy on children’s health, but also the hazards of treating individual attributes like ethnicity as risk factors without regard to the social and political environments that give them salience.
Quantum spin fluctuations in the spin liquid state of Tb2Ti2O7
Creators: name: Takatsu, Hiroshi
name: Kadowaki, Hiroaki
name: Sato, Taku J.
name: Lynn, Jeffrey W.
name: Tabata, Yoshikazu
name: Yamazaki, Teruo
name: Matsuhira, Kazuyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Neutron scattering experiments on a polycrystalline sample of the frustrated pyrochlore magnet Tb2Ti2O7, which does not show any magnetic order down to 50 mK, have revealed that it shows condensation behavior below 0.4 K from a thermally fluctuating paramagnetic state to a spin-liquid ground-state with quantum spin fluctuations. Energy spectra change from quasielastic scattering to a continuum with a double-peak structure at energies of 0 and 0.8 K in the spin-liquid state. Specific heat shows an anomaly at the crossover temperature.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Two are better than one: Fundamental parameters of frame coherence
Creators: name: Bajwa, Waheed U.
name: Calderbank, Robert
name: Mixon, Dustin G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper investigates two parameters that measure the coherence of a frame: worst-case and average coherence. We first use worst-case and average coherence to derive near-optimal probabilistic guarantees on both sparse signal detection and reconstruction in the presence of noise. Next, we provide a catalog of nearly tight frames with small worst-case and average coherence. Later, we find a new lower bound on worst-case coherence; we compare it to the Welch bound and use it to interpret recently reported signal reconstruction results. Finally, we give an algorithm that transforms frames in a way that decreases average coherence without changing the spectral norm or worst-case coherence.
Structure of a Ty1 restriction factor reveals the molecular basis of transposition copy number control
Creators: name: Cottee, Matthew A
name: Beckwith, Sean L
name: Letham, Suzanne C
name: Kim, Sarah J
name: Young, George R
name: Stoye, Jonathan P
name: Garfinkel, David J
name: Taylor, Ian A
Publisher: name: The Francis Crick Institute
Year: 2021
Subjects: Model organisms
Tumour Biology
Genetics & Genomics
Genome Integrity & Repair
Structural Biology & Biophysics
Chemical Biology & High Throughput
Infectious Disease
Ecology,Evolution & Ethology
Computational & Systems Biology

description: Excessive replication of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Ty1 retrotransposons is regulated by Copy Number Control, a process requiring the p22/p18 protein produced from a sub-genomic transcript initiated within Ty1 GAG. In retrotransposition, Gag performs the capsid functions required for replication and re-integration. To minimize genomic damage, p22/p18 interrupts virus-like particle function by interaction with Gag. Here, we present structural, biophysical and genetic analyses of p18m, a minimal fragment of Gag that restricts transposition. The 2.8 Å crystal structure of p18m reveals an all α-helical protein related to mammalian and insect ARC proteins. p18m retains the capacity to dimerise in solution and the crystal structures reveal two exclusive dimer interfaces. We probe our findings through biophysical analysis of interface mutants as well as Ty1 transposition and p18m restriction in vivo. Our data provide insight into Ty1 Gag structure and suggest how p22/p18 might function in restriction through a blocking-of-assembly mechanism.
Dynamics of a tunable superfluid junction
Creators: name: LeBlanc, L. J.
name: Bardon, A. B.
name: McKeever, J.
name: Extavour, M. H. T.
name: Jervis, D.
name: Thywissen, J. H.
name: Piazza, F.
name: Smerzi, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the population dynamics of a Bose-Einstein condensate in a double-well potential throughout the crossover from Josephson dynamics to hydrodynamics. At barriers higher than the chemical potential, we observe slow oscillations well described by a Josephson model. In the limit of low barriers, the fundamental frequency agrees with a simple hydrodynamic model, but we also observe a second, higher frequency. A full numerical simulation of the Gross-Pitaevskii equation giving the frequencies and amplitudes of the observed modes between these two limits is compared to the data and is used to understand the origin of the higher mode. Implications for trapped matter-wave interferometers are discussed.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures; v3: Journal reference added, minor changes to text
The Structure of Social Protest, 1961-1983
Creators: name: Bearman, Peter Shawn
name: Everett, Kevin D.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Social structure
subject: Social movements
subject: Protest movements
subject: Social networks

description: The inherent duality of protests — the fact that groups protest on issues — is exploited to model the social structure of group to group relations for all groups which protested in Washington DC over five periods, 1961–63, 1967–68, 1971–73, 1976–78 and 1981–83. The structural positions of groups are identified over time and we show that a group's position influences the protest repertoire employed. Central groups in all periods define which repertoires are most dominant and more peripheral groups appear as innovators. Using the structural positions of groups as a test of their salience, some of the predictions of the new social movement theory — that identity has replaced interest as the determinant of social protest, and that organized labor's role has declined — are tested. We find support for the first claim, and falsify the second. While new social movement groups have become more central in the world of social protest, the role of labor has not changed relative to its position in the early 1960s. Finally we develop some of the implications of the modeling strategy employed. Basic is the recognition that movement scholars be more sensitive to the context in which protests occur. This context is the structure of social protest.
Orthogonality Relations for Multivariate Krawtchouk Polynomials
Creators: name: Mizukawa, Hiroshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The orthogonality relations of multivariate Krawtchouk polynomials are discussed. In case of two variables, the necessary and sufficient conditions of orthogonality is given by Grünbaum and Rahman in [SIGMA 6 (2010), 090, 12 pages, arXiv:1007.4327]. In this study, a simple proof of the necessary and sufficient condition of orthogonality is given for a general case.
The human proof and algorithm for Four-Color Theorem
Creators: name: teo, john
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 490301
subject: Experimental mathematics
classificationCode: 490412
subject: Topology

description: This paper presents a simple human proof of the Narrow Four-Color Theorem “Given any separation of a plane into contiguous regions, producing a figure called a map, no more than four colors are required to color the regions of the map so that no two adjacent regions have the same color, and all the outermost countries use no more than three colors. (Please refer to “Concept” for the meaning of “outermost countries”)”. And in this proof also shows the algorithm for Four-Color Maps. This paper is from a new way, from first principle (the basic and simple facts) to the final result.
Diagnostic Change and Increased Prevalence of Autism
Creators: name: King, Marissa
name: Bearman, Peter Shawn
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Public health
subject: Autism in children--Diagnosis
subject: Epidemiology
subject: Diagnosis

description: A wide spectrum of studies conducted in numerous locales suggest that the measured prevalence of autism, a condition characterized by impairments in social interaction and communication, has increased markedly over the past 40 years. Consistent with previous studies, data from the California Department of Developmental Services (DDS) show that between 1987 and 2003 the number of autism cases handled by the California DDS increased by 634%. The general consensus is that these increases are striking. Equally striking is the absence of consensus regarding the degree to which changes in diagnostic standards, practice and procedures, and/or diagnostic substitution have contributed to increased prevalence rates.
3D actin
Creators: name: Leterrier, Christophe
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: shareloc.xyz
shareloc.xyz:dataset
3d
actin
smlm
storm
cos7
phalloidin-647

description: Open in Shareloc.XYZ

description: COS cells labeled for actin images by 3D STORM (Uploaded via https://shareloc.xyz)
Robin Williams and the Long Twentieth Century of American Sociology … or Back to the Future.
Creators: name: Bearman, Peter Shawn
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Social interaction
subject: Social change
subject: Social history

description: In this essay, I reflect on the ways elements of Robin M. Williams Jr.’s research agenda might be carried forth in a meaningful way to sociological studies of twenty-first-century phenomena—in particular identifying the ways in which the facts of human interaction, of human expectation, and of human influence shapes outcomes of significance for our present, our future, and, therefore, our past.
Boosted objects: a probe of beyond the Standard Model physics
Creators: name: Abdesselam, A.
name: Kuutmann, E. Bergeaas
name: Bitenc, U.
name: Brooijmans, G.
name: Butterworth, J.
name: de Renstrom, P. Bruckman
name: Franzosi, D. Buarque
name: Buckingham, R.
name: Chapleau, B.
name: Dasgupta, M.
name: Davison, A.
name: Dolen, J.
name: Ellis, S.
name: Fassi, F.
name: Frandsen, J. Ferrando M. T.
name: Frost, J.
name: Gadfort, T.
name: Glover, N.
name: Haas, A.
name: Halkiadakis, E.
name: Hamilton, K.
name: Hays, C.
name: Hill, C.
name: Jackson, J.
name: Issever, C.
name: Karagoz, M.
name: Katz, A.
name: Kreczko, L.
name: Krohn, D.
name: Lewis, A.
name: Livermore, S.
name: Loch, P.
name: Maksimovic, P.
name: March-Russell, J.
name: Martin, A.
name: McCubbin, N.
name: Newbold, D.
name: Ott, J.
name: Perez, G.
name: Policchio, A.
name: Rappoccio, S.
name: Raklev, A. R.
name: Richardson, P.
name: Salam, G. P.
name: Sannino, F.
name: Santiago, J.
name: Schwartzman, A.
name: Shepherd-Themistocleous, C.
name: Sinervo, P.
name: Sjoelin, J.
name: Son, M.
name: Spannowsky, M.
name: Strauss, E.
name: Takeuchi, M.
name: Tseng, J.
name: Tweedie, B.
name: Vermilion, C.
name: Voigt, J.
name: Vos, M.
name: Wacker, J.
name: Wagner-Kuhr, J.
name: Wilson, M. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the report of the hadronic working group of the BOOST2010 workshop held at the University of Oxford in June 2010. The first part contains a review of the potential of hadronic decays of highly boosted particles as an aid for discovery at the LHC and a discussion of the status of tools developed to meet the challenge of reconstructing and isolating these topologies. In the second part, we present new results comparing the performance of jet grooming techniques and top tagging algorithms on a common set of benchmark channels. We also study the sensitivity of jet substructure observables to the uncertainties in Monte Carlo predictions.
description: Report of the hadronic working group of the BOOST2010 workshop, University of Oxford, 22-25 June, 2010. Editors: M. Karagoz, G. Salam, M. Spannowsky and M. Vos. v2 published in EPJ C. 19 pages, double column, uses EPJ C style for latex
After the Promise: The STD Consequences of Adolescent Virginity Pledges
Creators: name: Brückner, Hannah
name: Bearman, Peter Shawn
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Teenagers--Sexual behavior
subject: Sexually transmitted diseases--Social aspects
subject: Sexual abstinence
subject: Sexually transmitted diseases--Prevention

description: Understanding the determinants of sexually transmitted disease (STD) acquisition among adolescents and young adults is critical to assess interventions designed to limit the spread of STDs [1, 2, 3]. One set of interventions—adopted by numerous organizations and directly supported by federal policy—are programs that encourage abstinence by encouraging adolescents to make pledges to remain virgins until marriage. This article considers the relationship between adolescent virginity pledges and the sexual behavior of young adults, focusing on STD acquisition.
Self-repelling fractional Brownian motion - a generalized Edwards model for chain polymers
Creators: name: Bornales, Jinky
name: Oliveira, Maria João
name: Streit, Ludwig
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 28C20, 60G15, 82D60

description: We present an extension of the Edwards model for conformations of individual chain molecules in solvents in terms of fractional Brownian motion, and discuss the excluded volume effect on the end-to-end length of such trajectories or molecules.
description: 14 pages
Suicide and Friendships among American Adolescents
Creators: name: Bearman, Peter Shawn
name: Moody, James
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Public health
subject: Teenagers--Suicidal behavior
subject: Teenagers--Mental health
subject: Friendship in adolescence

description: Although suicide rates for most subpopulations tend to be stable over time, the suicide rate among adolescents has risen dramatically in recent years. Suicide is now the third leading cause of death among adolescents and young adults aged 15 to 24 years. Although only 1 in 200 suicide attempts results in death, more than one third of all suicide attempts result in injuries serious enough to require professional treatment. Four percent of American adolescents reported at least 1 attempted suicide in the past year, and 13% of adolescents had seriously considered suicide at least once in the past year. The broader impact of suicide on adolescents is substantial. Twenty percent of adolescents reported knowing a friend who had attempted suicide in the past year, and 60% reported knowing a teenager who had ever attempted suicide. Because of this prevalence, it is critical that we understand the determinants of adolescent suicidality for effective identification of adolescents at risk.
Cloning Headless Frogs and other Important Matters: Conversation Topics and Network Structure
Creators: name: Bearman, Peter Shawn
name: Parigi, Paulo
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Conversation
subject: Social networks
subject: Cross-cultural studies

description: This article considers which people talk about important matters, what people talk about when they discuss “important matters,” and the implications of conversation topic for the interpretation of results arising from the General Social Survey (GSS) network instrument based on the “important matters” name generator. We show that half the people who report not talking about anything have nothing to talk about, whereas the others have no one to talk to. Secondly, we show that people tend to talk about things that many would regard as unimportant, for example, cloning of headless frogs, eating less red meat, and so on. Given this, the connection between characteristics of discussion networks and achievement of instrumental ends — for example, getting a job or enhancing social support — is tenuous. Finally, we show that there is substantial topic-alter dependency. This dependency suggests that many substantive findings reported about, for example, gender differences in network composition might be an artifact of the data-collection instrument. Micro-level topic-alter dependencies reflect macro-level associations between attributes, topics, and roles. Consequently, cross-cultural comparison of GSS network questions is problematic. Solutions for escaping these methodological dilemmas are proposed.
Are pinholes the cause of excess current in superconducting tunnel junctions? A study of Andreev current in highly resistive junctions
Creators: name: Greibe, Tine
name: Stenberg, Markku P. V.
name: Wilson, C. M.
name: Bauch, Thilo
name: Shumeiko, Vitaly S.
name: Delsing, Per
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In highly resistive superconducting tunnel junctions, excess subgap current is usually observed and is often attributed to microscopic "pinholes" in the tunnel barrier. We have studied the subgap current in superconductor-insulator-superconductor (SIS) and superconductor-insulator-normal-metal (SIN) junctions. In Al/AlOx/Al junctions, we observed a decrease of 2 orders of magnitude in the current upon the transition from the SIS to the SIN regime, where it then matched theory. In Al/AlOx/Cu junctions, we also observed generic features of coherent diffusive Andreev transport in a junction with a homogenous barrier. We use the quasiclassical Keldysh-Green function theory to quantify single- and two-particle tunneling and find good agreement over 2 orders of magnitude in transparency. We argue that our observations rule out pinholes as the origin of the excess current.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Transport properties in antiferromagnetic quantum Griffiths phases
Creators: name: Nozadze, David
name: Vojta, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the electrical resistivity in the quantum Griffiths phase associated with the antiferromagnetic quantum phase transition in a metal. The resistivity is calculated by means of the semi-classical Boltzmann equation. We show that the scattering of electrons by locally ordered rare regions leads to a singular temperature dependence. The rare-region contribution to the resistivity varies as $T^λ$ with temperature $T,$ where the $λ$ is the usual Griffiths exponent which takes the value zero at the critical point and increases with distance from criticality. We find similar singular contributions to other transport properties such as thermal resistivity, thermopower and the Peltier coefficient. We also compare our results with existing experimental data and suggest new experiments.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure
Probing Hot Gas in Galaxy Groups through the Sunyaev-Zeldovich Effect
Creators: name: Li, Ran
name: Mo, H. J.
name: Fan, Zuhui
name: Bosch, Frank C. van den
name: Yang, Xiaohu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the potential of exploiting the Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect (SZE) to study the properties of hot gas in galaxy groups. It is shown that, with upcoming SZE surveys, one can stack SZE maps around galaxy groups of similar halo masses selected from large galaxy redshift surveys to study the hot gas in halos represented by galaxy groups. We use various models for the hot halo gas to study how the expected SZE signals are affected by gas fraction, equation of state, halo concentration, and cosmology. Comparing the model predictions with the sensitivities expected from the SPT, ACT and Planck surveys shows that a SPT-like survey can provide stringent constraints on the hot gas properties for halos with masses M ~> 10^{13} h^{-1}Msun. We also explore the idea of using the cross correlation between hot gas and galaxies of different luminosity to probe the hot gas in dark matter halos without identifying galaxy groups to represent dark halos. Our results show that, with a galaxy survey as large as the Sloan Digital Sky Survey and with the help of the conditional luminosity function (CLF) model, one can obtain stringent constraints on the hot gas properties in halos with masses down to 10^{13} h^{-1}Msun. Thus, the upcoming SZE surveys should provide a very promising avenue to probe the hot gas in relatively low-mass halos where the majority of L*-galaxies reside.
description: 22 pages, 16 figures, accepted for publication on MNRAS
3D microtubules part 1
Creators: name: Leterrier, Christophe
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: shareloc.xyz
shareloc.xyz:dataset
microtubules
3d
smlm
storm
alexa-647

description: Open in Shareloc.XYZ

description: COS cells labeled for microtubules images by 3D STORM (Uploaded via https://shareloc.xyz)
Flat bands in topological media
Creators: name: Heikkila, T. T.
name: Kopnin, N. B.
name: Volovik, G. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Topological media are systems whose properties are protected by topology and thus are robust to deformations of the system. In topological insulators and superconductors the bulk-surface and bulk-vortex correspondence gives rise to the gapless Weyl, Dirac or Majorana fermions on the surface of the system and inside vortex cores. Here we show that in gapless topological media, the bulk-surface and bulk-vortex correspondence is more effective: it produces topologically protected gapless fermions without dispersion -- the flat band. Fermion zero modes forming the flat band are localized on the surface of topological media with protected nodal lines and in the vortex core in systems with topologically protected Fermi points (Weyl points). Flat band has an extremely singular density of states, and we show that this property may give rise in particular to surface superconductivity which could exist even at room temperature.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures, version to appear in JETP Letters
Age of Diagnosis for Autism: Individual and Community Factors across 10 Birth Cohorts
Creators: name: Fountain, Christine
name: King, Marissa
name: Bearman, Peter Shawn
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Autism in children--Diagnosis
subject: Public health
subject: Epidemiology

description: The incidence of autism rose dramatically between 1992 and 2001, while the age at which children were first diagnosed declined. During this period the size and composition of the autism caseload has changed, but little is known about whether the factors associated with the timing of diagnosis may also have shifted. Using a multilevel analysis strategy, the individual and community-level factors associated with age of diagnosis were modelled across 10 birth cohorts of California children.
The VIMOS VLT Deep Survey: the contribution of minor mergers to the growth of L_B >= L*_B galaxies since z ~ 1 from spectroscopically identified pairs
Creators: name: López-Sanjuan, C.
name: Fèvre, O. Le
name: de Ravel, L.
name: Cucciati, O.
name: Ilbert, O.
name: Tresse, L.
name: Bardelli, S.
name: Bolzonella, M.
name: Contini, T.
name: Garilli, B.
name: Guzzo, L.
name: Maccagni, D.
name: McCraken, H. J.
name: Mellier, Y.
name: Pollo, A.
name: Vergani, D.
name: Zucca, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we measure the merger fraction, f_m, of L_B >= L*_B galaxies in the VVDS-Deep spectroscopic Survey. We define kinematical close pairs as those galaxies with a separation in the sky plane 5h^-1 kpc < r_p <= r_p^max and a relative velocity Delta v <= 500 km s^-1 in redshift space. We vary r_p^max from 30h^-1 kpc to 100h^-1 kpc. We study f_m in two redshift intervals and for several values of mu, the B-band luminosity ratio of the galaxies in the pair, from 1/2 to 1/10. We take mu >= 1/4 and 1/10 <= mu < 1/4 as major and minor mergers. The merger fraction increases with z and its dependence on mu is described well as f_m (>= mu) proportional to mu^s. The value of s evolves from s = -0.60 +- 0.08 at z = 0.8 to s = -1.02 +- 0.13 at z = 0.5. The fraction of minor mergers for bright galaxies evolves with redshift as a power-law (1+z)^m with index m = -0.4 +- 0.7 for the merger fraction and m = -0.5 +- 0.7 for the merger rate. We split our principal galaxies in red and blue by their rest-frame NUV-r colour, finding that i) f_m is higher for red galaxies, ii) f_m^red does not evolve with z, and iii) f_m^blue evolves dramatically. Our results show that the mass of normal L_B >= L*_B galaxies has grown ~25% since z ~ 1 because of minor and major mergers. The relative contribution of the mass growth by merging is ~25% due to minor mergers and ~75% due to major ones. The relative effect of merging is more important for red than for blue galaxies, with red galaxies subject to 0.5 minor and 0.7 major mergers since z~1, which leads to a mass growth of ~40% and a size increase by a factor of 2. Our results also suggest that, for blue galaxies, minor mergers likely lead to early-type spirals rather than elliptical galaxies. These results show that minor merging is a significant but not dominant mechanism driving the mass growth of galaxies in the last ~8 Gyr (Abriged).
description: Accepted by Astronomy and Astrophysics. 17 pages, 11 figures, 9 tables. Improved data analysis. Main results and conclusions remain unchanged
Baby Boomers, Gen X, Millennials, and Gen Z Teachers: A Comparison of Generational Preferences for Leadership Practices
Creators: name: Day, Jodi
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2023
Subjects: Educational administration, management and leadership

description: The current educational workforce is made up of baby boomers, Generation Xers, millennials, and Generation Zers. Research on generational theory reflects variations in characteristics, work preferences and values among generations, yet there is little known whether teachers from these various generations need differing leadership practices to perform their best. This quantitative study utilized a cross sectional survey design collecting data from 502 Indiana teachers to identify the need teachers place on principals’ leadership behaviors and determine if any significant differences exist based on their generation, gender, the type of community they grew up in or the type of community where they currently teach. Utilizing Kouzes and Posner’s (1985) Leadership Practices Inventory, participants rated their need for 30 leadership behaviors on a 10-point Likert scale. Overall, teachers from all groups rated they needed principals to exhibit leadership practice enabling others to act the highest with an overall mean score of 8.75 (SD=1.20) followed by modeling the way (M=8.40, SD=1.29), encouraging others (M=8.28, 1.46), challenging the process (M=7.63, SD=1.46), and lastly inspiring a shared vision (M=7.50, SD=1.57). Conducting an independent t-test to compare the means of gender groups and a one-way ANOVA to compare generations, community types and building types resulted in no significant differences in teachers’ need for leadership practices. The results of this study reinforce Kouzes and Posner’s five practices of exemplary leaders as relevant across generations yet leaves open questions for future study on how principals can capitalize on the strengths various generations bring to the school family.
Estimated Autism Risk and Older Reproductive Age
Creators: name: King, Marissa
name: Fountain, Christine
name: Dakhlallah, Diana
name: Bearman, Peter Shawn
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Autism
subject: Maternal age
subject: Public health

description: The prevalence of autism, a developmental disorder characterized by serious impairments in social interaction and language development as well as stereotyped and repetitive behaviors, has increased dramatically over the past 2 decades from approximately 4 to 40 cases per 10 000. The cause of the increase is unknown, as is the etiology of autism. Evidence from twin studies suggests that autism is likely a genetic disorder. However, genetic causes for the vast majority of autism cases have not yet been identified through molecular genetic research. In addition, dozens of previous studies have identified a wide range of perinatal and parental risk factors. Despite these studies, our understanding of even the most basic of these factors, parental age, is muddled.
2D microtubules stained with Alexa647 part 5
Creators: name: Leterrier, Christophe
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: shareloc.xyz
shareloc.xyz:dataset
storm
microtubules
alexa-647
2d
smlm
cos7

description: Open in Shareloc.XYZ

description: COS cells labeled for microtubules images by 2D STORM (Uploaded via https://shareloc.xyz)
Dynamical properties of a particle in a wave packet: scaling invariance and boundary crisis
Creators: name: Oliveira, Diego F. M.
name: Robnik, Marko
name: Leonel, Edson D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Some dynamical properties present in a problem concerning the acceleration of particles in a wave packet are studied. The dynamics of the model is described in terms of a two-dimensional area preserving map. We show that the phase space is mixed in the sense that there are regular and chaotic regions coexisting. We use a connection with the standard map in order to find the position of the first invariant spanning curve which borders the chaotic sea. We find that the position of the first invariant spanning curve increases as a power of the control parameter with the exponent 2/3. The standard deviation of the kinetic energy of an ensemble of initial conditions obeys a power law as a function of time, and saturates after some crossover. Scaling formalism is used in order to characterize the chaotic region close to the transition from integrability to nonintegrability and a relationship between the power law exponents is derived. The formalism can be applied in many different systems with mixed phase space. Then, dissipation is introduced into the model and therefore the property of area preservation is broken, and consequently attractors are observed. We show that after a small change of the dissipation, the chaotic attractor as well as its basin of attraction are destroyed, thus leading the system to experience a boundary crisis. The transient after the crisis follows a power law with exponent -2.
description: Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, 2011
3D microtubules part 1
Creators: name: Leterrier, Christophe
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: shareloc.xyz
shareloc.xyz:dataset
microtubules
3d
smlm
storm
alexa-647
cos7

description: Open in Shareloc.XYZ

description: COS cells labeled for microtubules images by 3D STORM (Uploaded via https://shareloc.xyz)
Bistability and nonequilibrium transitions in the optically polarized system of cavity polaritons under nanosecond-long resonant excitation
Creators: name: Gavrilov, S. S.
name: Brichkin, A. S.
name: Demenev, A. A.
name: Dorodnyy, A. A.
name: Novikov, S. I.
name: Tikhodeev, S. G.
name: Gippius, N. A.
name: Kulakovskii, V. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The polarization dependence of nonequilibrium transitions in a multistable cavity-polariton system is studied under a nanosecond long resonant optical excitation at the normal and magic angle incidences with various polarizations of the pump beam. The temporal correlations between the frequency, intensity, and optical polarization of the intra-cavity field, which all undergo sharp threshold-like changes due to the spin dependent interaction of cavity polaritons, are visualized. The observed dynamics cannot be reproduced within the conventional semi-classical model based on the Gross-Pitaevskii equations. To explain the observed phenomena, it is necessary to take into account the unpolarized exciton reservoir which brings on additional blueshift of bright excitons, equal in the $σ^+$ and $σ^-$ polarization components. This model explains the effect of polarization instability under both pulsed and continuous wave resonant excitation conditions, consistently with the spin ring pattern formation that has recently been observed under Gaussian shaped excitation.
description: 13 pages, 13 figures
On the Lipschitz Constant of the RSK Correspondence
Creators: name: Bhatnagar, Nayantara
name: Linial, Nathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We view the RSK correspondence as associating to each permutation $π\in S_n$ a Young diagram $λ=λ(π)$, i.e. a partition of $n$. Suppose now that $π$ is left-multiplied by $t$ transpositions, what is the largest number of cells in $λ$ that can change as a result? It is natural refer to this question as the search for the Lipschitz constant of the RSK correspondence. We show upper bounds on this Lipschitz constant as a function of $t$. For $t=1$, we give a construction of permutations that achieve this bound exactly. For larger $t$ we construct permutations which come close to matching the upper bound that we prove.
description: Updated presentation based on comments made by reviewers. Accepted for publication to JCTA
2D microtubules stained with Alexa647 part 4
Creators: name: Leterrier, Christophe
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: shareloc.xyz
shareloc.xyz:dataset
storm
microtubules
alexa-647
2d
smlm
cos7

description: Open in Shareloc.XYZ

description: COS cells labeled for microtubules images by 2D STORM (Uploaded via https://shareloc.xyz)
The Spatial Structure of Autism in California, 1993-2001
Creators: name: Mazumdar, Soumya
name: King, Marissa
name: Liu, Kayuet
name: Zerubavel, Noam
name: Bearman, Peter Shawn
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Spatial analysis (Statistics)
subject: Autism
subject: Environmental health
subject: Geographic information systems

description: This article identifies significant high-risk clusters of autism based on residence at birth in California for children born from 1993 to 2001. These clusters are geographically stable. Children born in a primary cluster are at four times greater risk for autism than children living in other parts of the state. This is comparable to the difference between males and females and twice the risk estimated for maternal age over 40. In every year roughly 3% of the new caseload of autism in California arises from the primary cluster we identify-a small zone 20 km by 50 km. We identify a set of secondary clusters that support the existence of the primary clusters. The identification of robust spatial clusters indicates that autism does not arise from a global treatment and indicates that important drivers of increased autism prevalence are located at the local level.
Social Demographic Change and Autism
Creators: name: Liu, Kayuet
name: Zerubavel, Noam
name: Bearman, Peter Shawn
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Demography--Social aspects
subject: Maternal age
subject: Autism

description: Parental age at child’s birth—which has increased for U.S. children in the 1992–2000 birth cohorts—is strongly associated with an increased risk of autism. By turning a social demographic lens on the historical patterning of concordance among twin pairs, we identify a central mechanism for this association: de novo mutations, which are deletions, insertions, and duplications of DNA in the germ cells that are not present in the parents’ DNA. Along the way, we show that a demographic eye on the rising prevalence of autism leads to three major discoveries. First, the estimated heritability of autism has been dramatically overstated. Second, heritability estimates can change over remarkably short periods of time because of increases in germ cell mutations. Third, social demographic change can yield genetic changes that, at the population level, combine to contribute to the increased prevalence of autism.
Recent updates on antidiabetic and antiobesity potential of carnosic acid
Creators: name: Nair, Diya S.
name: Niharika, Digumarthy
name: Madhavan, Aishwariya
name: Sharma, Shweta
name: Joshi, Apurva Kumar Ramesh
Publisher: name: IfADo - Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Dortmund
Year: 2021
Subjects: antidiabetic
antiobesity
carnosic acid

description: EXCLI Journal; 20:Doc1476; ISSN 1611-2156
2D microtubules stained with Alexa647 part 3
Creators: name: Leterrier, Christophe
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: shareloc.xyz
shareloc.xyz:dataset
storm
microtubules
alexa-647
2d
smlm
cos7

description: Open in Shareloc.XYZ

description: COS cells labeled for microtubules images by 2D STORM (Uploaded via https://shareloc.xyz)
Just-so Stories: Vaccines, Autism, and the Single-bullet Disorder
Creators: name: Bearman, Peter Shawn
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Social psychology
subject: Vaccines
subject: Autism
subject: Common sense

description: When should we believe in science, especially in scientific explanations of the causes of health, ill or otherwise? One line of argumentation is that scientific evidence based in robust ecological data, supported by previously tested animal or biological models or double- blinded randomized control trials trumps intuition or just plain ‘‘common sense.’’ Another line of argumentation suggests that common sense is a powerful heuristic. For example, we pretty much know that parachutes work to cushion jumps from highflying planes even though there has not yet been a randomized control (RC) double blind study to support this intuition (however, see Smith and Pell [2003] for a counter opinion). Likewise, thousands of people think that Kipling’s (1912) explanation of why camels have humps makes a lot of sense. Recall that Kipling argues that the camel’s summary refusal to be a beast of burden—his ‘‘hmmphh’’— led God to give him (and all other camels) a hump. Yet the weight of scientific opinion suggests otherwise perhaps because the ‘‘hmmphh’’ hypothesis lacks a plausible animal model or biological mechanism (not to mention support from a RC double-blind study). Who needs such models when the phenomenological reality of camels is precisely centered on their orneriness? How far should we trust just-so, common sense accounts of complex phenomena? Why are scientists and ordinary people so driven to embrace single-bullet explanations? What does all this say about trust in science? These are the questions considered in this essay, focusing on the purported relationship between autism and vaccines.
The prospects of sympathetic cooling of NH molecules with Li atoms
Creators: name: Wallis, Alisdair O. G.
name: Longdon, Edward J. J.
name: Żuchowski, Piotr S.
name: Hutson, Jeremy M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the quartet potential energy surface for Li+NH and use it to calculate elastic and spin-relaxation cross sections for collisions in magnetically trappable spin-stretched states. The potential is strongly anisotropic but spin-relaxation collisions are still suppressed by centrifugal barriers when both species are in spin-stretched states. In the ultracold regime, both the elastic and inelastic cross sections fluctuate dramatically as the potential is varied because of Feshbach resonances. The potential-dependence is considerably reduced at higher energies. The major effect of using an unconverged basis set in the scattering calculations is to shift the resonances without changing their general behaviour. We have calculated the ratio of elastic and spin-relaxation cross sections, as a function of collision energy and magnetic field, for a variety of potential energy surfaces. Most of the surfaces produce ratios that are favorable for sympathetic cooling, at temperatures below about 20 mK.
description: Version as accepted by Eur. J. Phys. D for publication in Special Issue on Cold Quantum Matter, 2011
Snub 24-Cell Derived from the Coxeter-Weyl Group W(D4)
Creators: name: Koca, Mehmet
name: Koca, Nazife Ozdes
name: Al-Barwani, Muataz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 08, 14, 20, 31, 52

description: Snub 24-cell is the unique uniform chiral polytope in four dimensions consisting of 24 icosahedral and 120 tetrahedral cells. The vertices of the 4-dimensional semi-regular polytope snub 24-cell and its symmetry group ${(W(D_{4})\mathord{/{\vphantom {(W(D_{4}) C_{2}}}. \kern-\nulldelimiterspace} C_{2}}):S_{3} $ of order 576 are obtained from the quaternionic representation of the Coxeter-Weyl group \textbf{$W(D_{4}).$}The symmetry group is an extension of the proper subgroup of the Coxeter-Weyl group \textbf{$W(D_{4})$}by the permutation symmetry of the Coxeter-Dynkin diagram \textbf{$D_{4} .$} The 96 vertices of the snub 24-cell are obtained as the orbit of the group when it acts on the vector \textbf{$Λ=(τ, 1, τ, τ)$}or\textbf{}on the vector\textbf{$Λ=(σ, 1, σ, σ)$}in the Dynkin basis with\textbf{$τ=\frac{1+\sqrt{5}}{2} {\rm and}σ=\frac{1-\sqrt{5}}{2} {\rm .}$} The two different sets represent the mirror images of the snub 24-cell. When two mirror images are combined it leads to a quasi regular 4D polytope invariant under the Coxeter-Weyl group \textbf{$W(F_{4}).$}Each vertex of the new polytope is shared by one cube and three truncated octahedra. Dual of the snub 24 cell is also constructed. Relevance of these structures to the Coxeter groups \textbf{$W(H_{4}){\rm and}W(E_{8})$}has been pointed out.
description: 15 pages, 8 figures