cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Strong Exchange Couplings Drastically Slow Down Magnetization Relaxation in an Air‐Stable Cobalt(II)‐Radical Single‐Molecule Magnet (SMM)
Creators: name: Albold, Uta
name: Bamberger, Heiko
name: Hallmen, Philipp P.
name: Slageren, Joris Van
name: Sarkar, Biprajit
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: cobalt
subject: hysteresis
subject: molecular magnetism
subject: Raman process
subject: single-molecule magnet
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::546 Anorganische Chemie

description: The energy barrier leading to magnetic bistability in molecular clusters is determined by the magnetic anisotropy of the cluster constituents. By incorporating a highly anisotropic four‐coordinate cobalt(II) building block into a strongly coupled fully air‐ and moisture‐stable three‐spin system, it proved possible to suppress under‐barrier Raman processes leading to 350‐fold increase of magnetization relaxation time and pronounced hysteresis. Relaxation times of up to 9 hours at low temperatures were found.
Measurement of Filling-Factor-Dependent Magnetophonon Resonances in Graphene Using Raman Spectroscopy
Creators: name: Kim, Y.
name: Poumirol, J. M.
name: Lombardo, A.
name: Kalugin, N. G.
name: Georgiou, T.
name: Kim, Y. J.
name: Novoselov, K. S.
name: Ferrari, A. C.
name: Kono, J.
name: Kashuba, O.
name: Fal'ko, V. I.
name: Smirnov, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform polarization-resolved Raman spectroscopy on graphene in magnetic fields up to 45T. This reveals a filling-factor-dependent, multi-component anticrossing structure of the Raman G peak, resulting from magnetophonon resonances between magnetoexcitons and E$_{2g}$ phonons. This is explained with a model of Raman scattering taking into account the effects of spatially inhomogeneous carrier densities and strain. Random fluctuations of strain-induced pseudo-magnetic fields lead to increased scattering intensity inside the anti-crossing gap, consistent with the experiment.
Designed nanomolar small-molecule inhibitors of Ena/VASP EVH1 interaction impair invasion and extravasation of breast cancer cells
Creators: name: Barone, Matthias
name: Müller, Matthias
name: Chiha, Slim
name: Ren, Jiang
name: Albat, Dominik
name: Soicke, Arne
name: Dohmen, Stephan
name: Klein, Marco
name: Heinemann, Udo
name: Oschkinat, Hartmut
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: protein-protein interactions
subject: metastasis
subject: small molecules
subject: peptide mimetics
subject: proline-rich motif
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: Battling metastasis through inhibition of cell motility is considered a promising approach to support cancer therapies. In this context, Ena/VASP-depending signaling pathways, in particular interactions with their EVH1 domains, are promising targets for pharmaceutical intervention. However, protein-protein interactions involving proline-rich segments are notoriously difficult to address by small molecules. Hence, structure-based design efforts in combination with the chemical synthesis of additional molecular entities are required. Building on a previously developed nonpeptidic micromolar inhibitor, we determined 22 crystal structures of ENAH EVH1 in complex with inhibitors and rationally extended our library of conformationally defined prolinederived modules (ProMs) to succeed in developing a nanomolar inhibitor (K-d = 120 nM, MW = 734 Da). In contrast to the previous inhibitor, the optimized compounds reduced extravasation of invasive breast cancer cells in a zebrafish model. This study represents an example of successful, structure-guided development of low molecular weight inhibitors specifically and selectively addressing a proline-rich sequence-recognizing domain that is characterized by a shallow epitope lacking defined binding pockets. The evolved high-affinity inhibitor may now serve as a tool in validating the basic therapeutic concept, i.e., the sup pression of cancer metastasis by inhibiting a crucial protein- protein interaction involved in actin filament processing and cell migration.
Comment on "On quantum plasma: A plea for a common sense [Europhys. Lett., 99 25001(2012)]
Creators: name: Shukla, P. K.
name: Akbari-Moghanjoughi, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We point out flaws in the work of Vranjes et al. (EPL 99 25001, 20012), and present correct criteria for quantum plasmas.
A comparison of dominance rank metrics reveals multiple competitive landscapes in an animal society
Creators: name: Levy, Emily J.
name: Zipple, Matthew N.
name: McLean, Emily
name: Campos, Fernando A.
name: Dasari, Mauna
name: Fogel, Arielle S.
name: Franz, Mathias
name: Gesquiere, Laurence R.
name: Gordon, Jacob B.
name: Grieneisen, Laura
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: relative rank
subject: proportional rank
subject: standardized rank
subject: longitudinal studies
subject: social dominance
subject: baboons
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::590 Tiere (Zoologie)::590 Tiere (Zoologie)

description: Across group-living animals, linear dominance hierarchies lead to disparities in access to resources, health outcomes and reproductive performance. Studies of how dominance rank predicts these traits typically employ one of several dominance rank metrics without examining the assumptions each metric makes about its underlying competitive processes. Here, we compare the ability of two dominance rank metrics-simple ordinal rank and proportional or 'standardized' rank-to predict 20 traits in a wild baboon population in Amboseli, Kenya. We propose that simple ordinal rank best predicts traits when competition is density-dependent, whereas proportional rank best predicts traits when competition is density-independent. We found that for 75% of traits (15/20), one rank metric performed better than the other. Strikingly, all male traits were best predicted by simple ordinal rank, whereas female traits were evenly split between proportional and simple ordinal rank. Hence, male and female traits are shaped by different competitive processes: males are largely driven by density-dependent resource access (e.g. access to oestrous females), whereas females are shaped by both density-independent (e.g. distributed food resources) and density-dependent resource access. This method of comparing how different rank metrics predict traits can be used to distinguish between different competitive processes operating in animal societies.
On the cubic NLS on 3D compact domains
Creators: name: Planchon, Fabrice
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35Q55

description: We prove bilinear estimates for the Schrödinger equation on 3D domains, with Dirichlet boundary conditions. On non-trapping domains, they match the $\mathbb{R}^3$ case, while on bounded domains they match the generic boundary less manifold case. As an application, we obtain global well-posedness for the defocusing cubic NLS for data in $H^s_0(Ω)$, $1
description: 15 pages, updated references and corrected typos. To appear in Journal of the Institute of Mathematics of Jussieu
K. Doehring, B. J. Fehn, H. G. Hockerts, Jahrhundertschuld, Jahrhundertsühne. Reparationen, Wiedergutmachung, Entschädigung für nationalsozialistisches Kriegs- und Verfolgsungsunrecht, 2001
Creators: name: Barral, Pierre
Publisher: name: Francia
Year: 2019

description: Francia, Bd. 31 Nr. 3 (2004)
Resistance that stacks up: engineering rust and mildew disease control in the cereal crops wheat and barley
Creators: name: Dracatos, Peter
name: Lu, J
name: Sánchez-Martín, J
name: Wulff, BBH
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 3108
subject: Plant biology
classificationCode: 3001
subject: Agricultural biotechnology
subject: FOS: Agricultural biotechnology

description: Staying ahead of the arms race against rust and mildew diseases in cereal crops is essential to maintain and preserve food security. The methodological challenges associated with conventional resistance breeding are major bottlenecks for deploying resistance (R) genes in high-yielding crop varieties. Advancements in our knowledge of plant genomes, structural mechanisms, innovations in bioinformatics, and improved plant transformation techniques have alleviated this bottleneck by permitting rapid gene isolation, functional studies, directed engineering of synthetic resistance and precise genome manipulation in elite crop cultivars. Most cloned cereal R genes encode canonical immune receptors which, on their own, are prone to being overcome through selection for resistance-evading pathogenic strains. However, the increasingly large repertoire of cloned R genes permits multi-gene stacking that, in principle, should provide longer-lasting resistance. This review discusses how these genomics-enabled developments are leading to new breeding and biotechnological opportunities to achieve durable rust and powdery mildew control in cereals.
Untapped potential: How the G20 can strengthen global governance
Creators: name: Benson, Robert
name: Zürn, Michael
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: G20
subject: global governance
subject: meta-governance
subject: informality
subject: reform
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::320 Politikwissenschaft::320 Politikwissenschaft

description: The G20 has two distinctive features that make it a unique forum in global politics. First, it is one of the few existing global platforms where different international institutions and regional organisations can coordinate across a vast array of issue areas and emergent policy fields. Second, it is an institution that brings together heads of government which control roughly 80% of world GDP. Despite these features, the G20 lacks constitutive authority of its own, bound by a consensus principle which sharply delimits its scope of action. Notwithstanding its circumspect authority, no recent international body has garnered more attention from transnational civil society groups and advocacy networks than the G20. Most of this attention is critical and points to legitimacy problems. We argue that these legitimacy problems derive from a perception of untapped potential and undue privilege for great powers. Against this backdrop, we submit that a more active and institutionalised forum – with clear decision-making procedures for exercising authority – could help mitigate resistance and contribute to a more legitimate global governance system overall.
title: ICT-FACILITATED TEACHER CONTINUOUS PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT
titleType: Other
Creators: name: Lee, Jonathan
Publisher: name: University of Dundee
Year: 2023

description: This study investigated whether information and communication technology (ICT) brought increased capacity to teacher autonomy in Continuous Professional Development (CPD), an important practice expected of teachers in schools worldwide. It took place in Hong Kong when political protests and a global pandemic made schools stop face-to-face lessons and ICT potentially offered a means to facilitate CPD and sociocultural and contextual influences on their practices and beliefs. A three-phase mixed-method research design was employed, generating qualitative and quantitative data. NVivo and SPSS were used to analyse the qualitative and quantitative data in all three phases, except for the qualitative data in Phase 1 where manual coding was used. All English language primary school teachers working in aided or government primary schools were invited to participate in Phase 1 through the Advisory Teaching Team network. Online questionnaires with closed and open-ended questions were used, 123 volunteer teachers completed them and replies were subjected to descriptive and inferential statistical analysis. In Phase 2, 16 self-selected participants from the original sample were involved in semi-structured interviews, conducted using video conferencing software, investigating how teachers interacted with ICT during a global pandemic. From Phase 1 and Phase 2, a proposed CPD cycle was developed to structure professional development facilitated by ICT within a school - the Technology Integration CPD Cycle (TICPDC). An intervention then took place in one local primary school which volunteered to participate on a convenience sample basis. The researcher assumed the role of school innovator to support teachers in developing an English literature unit. In the final Phase 3, eight teachers involved in the intervention following the TICPDC framework completed an online questionnaire, analysed by descriptive and inferential statistics. This was followed by in-depth interviews with two senior management teachers who were part of the sample. The use of ICT was a universal practice of all the participants. The results showed that teachers saw value in using technology to create and sustain pedagogical innovations in the classroom and facilitate sharing, planning, and implementing learning and teaching. However, in all Phases, those who self-selected to participate in the study may have been more digitally competent, leading to bias in the findings. This study adds to the growing understanding of pedagogical practices in teacher CPD, especially within the Hong Kong context, but will have implications for teacher CPD in other countries.
Toepfer, Volker: Die Mammutfunde von Pfännerhall im Geiseltal
Creators: name: Jacob-Friesen, Karl Hermann
Publisher: name: Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte
Year: 2019

description: Rezension zu: Toepfer, Volker: Die Mammutfunde von Pfännerhall im Geiseltal. Heft 16 der Veröffentlichungen des Landesmuseums für Vorgeschichte in Halle. Halle a. Saale. (V. E. B. Max Niemeyer Verlag) 1957. 58 Seiten mit 11 Textabb. und XXIV Taf.
description: Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte, Bd. 28 (1959): Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte
Sur les rapprochements par conjugaison en dimension 1 et classe C^1
Creators: name: Navas, Andrés
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove that the space of actions of Z^d by C^1 (orientation-preserving) diffeomorphisms of either the interval or the circle is connected by arcs. This is proved by showing that all such actions can be C^0 conjugated via a 1-parameter family into diffeomorphisms that converge to either the trivial action or an action by Euclidean rotations. Extensions for nilpotent group actions are provided.
description: Final version, to appear in Compositio Mathematica, in French
The unbiased measurement of UV spectral slopes in low luminosity galaxies at z=7
Creators: name: Rogers, A. B.
name: McLure, R. J.
name: Dunlop, J. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Ultraviolet (UV) continuum slope beta, typically observed at z=7 in Hubble Space Telescope (HST) WFC3/IR bands via the J-H colour, is a useful indicator of the age, metallicity, and dust content of high-redshift stellar populations. Recent studies have shown that the redward evolution of beta with cosmic time from redshift 7 to 4 can be largely explained by a build up of dust. However, initial claims that faint z=7 galaxies in the Hubble Ultra Deep Field WFC3/IR imaging (HUDF09) were blue enough to require stellar populations of zero reddening, low metallicity and young ages, hitherto unseen in star-forming galaxies, have since been refuted and revised. Here we revisit the question of how best to measure the UV slope of z=7 galaxies through source recovery simulations, within the context of present and future ultra-deep imaging from HST. We consider how source detection, selection and colour measurement have each biased the measurement of beta in previous studies. After finding a robust method for measuring beta in the simulations (via a power law fit to all the available photometry), we remeasure the UV slopes of a sample of previously published low luminosity z=7 galaxy candidates. The mean UV slope of faint galaxies in this sample appears consistent with an intrinsic distribution of normal star-forming galaxies with beta=-2, although properly decoding the underlying distribution will require further imaging from the ongoing HUDF12 programme. We therefore go on to consider strategies for obtaining better constraints on the underlying distribution of UV slopes at z=7 from these new data, which will benefit particularly from the addition of imaging in a second J-band filter: F140W. We find that a precise and unbiased measurement of beta should then be possible.
description: 15 pages, 12 figures, accepted to MNRAS with some text and figure alterations in response to referee's report
Latent Lab: Large Language Models for Knowledge Exploration
Creators: name: Dunnell, Kevin
name: Painter, Trudy
name: Stoddard, Andrew
name: Lippman, Andy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper investigates the potential of AI models, particularly large language models (LLMs), to support knowledge exploration and augment human creativity during ideation. We present "Latent Lab" an interactive tool for discovering connections among MIT Media Lab research projects, emphasizing "exploration" over search. The work offers insights into collaborative AI systems by addressing the challenges of organizing, searching, and synthesizing content. In a user study, the tool's success was evaluated based on its ability to introduce users to an unfamiliar knowledge base, ultimately setting the groundwork for the ongoing advancement of human-AI knowledge exploration systems.
Quantum transport of atomic matterwaves in anisotropic 2D and 3D disorder
Creators: name: Piraud, Marie
name: Pezzé, Luca
name: Sanchez-Palencia, Laurent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The macroscopic transport properties in a disordered potential, namely diffusion and weak/strong localization, closely depend on the microscopic and statistical properties of the disorder itself. This dependence is rich of counter-intuitive consequences. It can be particularly exploited in matter wave experiments, where the disordered potential can be tailored and controlled, and anisotropies are naturally present. In this work, we apply a perturbative microscopic transport theory and the self-consistent theory of Anderson localization to study the transport properties of ultracold atoms in anisotropic 2D and 3D speckle potentials. In particular, we discuss the anisotropy of single-scattering, diffusion and localization. We also calculate a disorder-induced shift of the energy states and propose a method to include it, which amounts to renormalize energies in the standard on-shell approximation. We show that the renormalization of energies strongly affects the prediction for the 3D localization threshold (mobility edge). We illustrate the theoretical findings with examples which are revelant for current matter wave experiments, where the disorder is created with a laser speckle. This paper provides a guideline for future experiments aiming at the precise location of the 3D mobility edge and study of anisotropic diffusion and localization effects in 2D and 3D.
Microstructural defects, mechanical properties and bonding integrity of flash-butt welds in premium rail
Creators: name: Micheletto, Anthony Joseph
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 350907
subject: Rail transportation and freight services

description: The welding of heavy-haul train rails via the flash-butt welding process involves heating the rail ends to a suitable temperature with an electrical current, and then forging the rail ends together.
The process is well established, however adequate strength can be difficult to achieve when welding newer high alloy rails.
Experimental modelling of the forging process and the artificial reproduction of defects within test welds aided in developing theorems on how these defects form and welding procedure practices to avoid as a means of mitigating the presence of defects.
Entanglement, fractional magnetization and long-range interactions
Creators: name: Cadarso, Andrea
name: Sanz, Mikel
name: Wolf, Michael M.
name: Cirac, J. Ignacio
name: Perez-Garcia, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on the theory of Matrix Product States, we give precise statements and complete analytical proofs of the following claim: a large fractionalization in the magnetization or the need of long-range interactions imply large entanglement in the state of a quantum spin chain.
description: 11 pages, 1 figure
Ancient pigs reveal a near-complete genomic turnover following their introduction to Europe
Creators: name: Frantz, Laurent A. F.
name: Orschiedt, Jörg
name: Schier, Wolfram
name: Haile, James
name: Lin, Audrey T.
name: Scheu, Amelie
name: Geörg, Christina
name: Benecke, Norbert
name: Alexander, Michelle
name: Linderholm, Anna
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: domestication
subject: evolution
subject: gene flow
subject: Neolithic
subject: 900 Geschichte und Geografie::930 Geschichte des Altertums (bis ca. 499), Archäologie::930 Geschichte des Altertums bis ca. 499, Archäologie

description: Archaeological evidence indicates that pig domestication had begun by ∼10,500 y before the present (BP) in the Near East, and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) suggests that pigs arrived in Europe alongside farmers ∼8,500 y BP. A few thousand years after the introduction of Near Eastern pigs into Europe, however, their characteristic mtDNA signature disappeared and was replaced by haplotypes associated with European wild boars. This turnover could be accounted for by substantial gene flow from local European wild boars, although it is also possible that European wild boars were domesticated independently without any genetic contribution from the Near East. To test these hypotheses, we obtained mtDNA sequences from 2,099 modern and ancient pig samples and 63 nuclear ancient genomes from Near Eastern and European pigs. Our analyses revealed that European domestic pigs dating from 7,100 to 6,000 y BP possessed both Near Eastern and European nuclear ancestry, while later pigs possessed no more than 4% Near Eastern ancestry, indicating that gene flow from European wild boars resulted in a near-complete disappearance of Near East ancestry. In addition, we demonstrate that a variant at a locus encoding black coat color likely originated in the Near East and persisted in European pigs. Altogether, our results indicate that while pigs were not independently domesticated in Europe, the vast majority of human-mediated selection over the past 5,000 y focused on the genomic fraction derived from the European wild boars, and not on the fraction that was selected by early Neolithic farmers over the first 2,500 y of the domestication process.
Understanding Astrophysical Noise From Stellar Surface Magneto-Convection
Creators: name: Cegla, Heather
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014

description: Cool, low mass stars with a convective envelope have bubbles of hot, bright plasma rising to the surface where they eventually cool, darken and sink. The motions of these plasma bubbles induce stellar line asymmetries since the radial velocity (RV) shift induced from the uprising granules does not completely cancel the shift from the sinking intergranular lanes. Furthermore, these line asymmetries are constantly changing as the ratio of granular to intergranular lane material continues to change due to magnetic field interplay. The net result for Sun-like stars is shifts in the line profiles on the order of several tens of cm/s. Hence an understanding of magneto-convection and its effects is paramount in any high precision RV study. One particular area impacted is the RV confirmation of Earth-analogs; the astrophysical noise from the host star stellar surface magneto-convection completely swamps the 10 cm/s signal induced from the planet. We aim to understand the physical processes involved here so that we may disentangle the effects of magneto-convection from observed stellar lines. To do so, we start with a state-of-the-art 3D magnetohydrodynamic simulation of the solar surface. Motivated by computational constraints and a desire to breakdown the physics, we parameterize the granulation signal from these simulations. This parameterization is then used to construct model Sun-as-a-star observations with a RV precision far beyond current instrumentation. This parameterization across the stellar disc, for a variety of magnetic field strengths, is presented here, alongside the current results from the model star observations. We find several line characteristics to be correlated with the induced RV shifts. Particularly high correlations were found for the velocity asymmetry (comparing the spectral information content of the blue wing to the red wing) and brightness measurements (approximated by integrating under the model observation profiles), allowing significant granulation noise reduction. The results of this campaign can feed directly into future high precision RV studies, such as the search for habitable, rocky worlds, with the forthcoming ESPRESSO and HIRES spectrographs.
Unwinding and rewinding the nucleosome inner turn: Force dependence of the kinetic rate constants
Creators: name: Mochrie, S. G. J.
name: Mack, A. H.
name: Schlingman, D. J.
name: Collins, R.
name: Kamenetska, M.
name: Regan, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A simple model for the force-dependent unwinding and rewinding rates of the nucleosome inner turn is constructed and quantitatively compared to the results of recent measurements [A. H. Mack et al., J. Mol. Biol. 423, 687 (2012)]. First, a coarse-grained model for the histone-DNA free energy landscape that incorporates both an elastic free energy barrier and specific histone-DNA bonds is developed. Next, a theoretical expression for the rate of transitions across a piecewise linear free energy landscape with multiple minima and maxima is presented. Then, the model free energy landscape, approximated as a piecewise linear function, and the theoretical expression for the transition rates are combined to construct a model for the force-dependent unwinding and re-winding rates of the nucleosome inner turn. Least-mean-squares fitting of the model rates to the rates observed in recent experiments rates demonstrates that this model is able to well describe the force-dependent unwinding and rewinding rates of the nucleosome inner turn, observed in the recent experiments, except at the highest forces studied, where an additional ad hoc term is required to describe the data, which may be interpreted as an indication of an alternate high-force nucleosome disassembly pathway, that bypasses simple unwinding. The good agreement between the measurements and the model at lower forces demonstrates that both specific histone-DNA contacts and an elastic free energy barrier play essential roles for nucleosome winding and unwinding, and quantifies their relative contributions.
Towards Mobility Reports with User-Level Privacy
Creators: name: Kapp, Alexandra
name: Nuñez Von Voigt, Saskia
name: Mihaljević, Helena
name: Tschorsch, Florian
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 005 Computerprogrammierung, Programme, Daten
subject: human mobility data
subject: differential privacy
subject: user-level privacy
subject: exploratory data analysis
subject: mobility report

description: The importance of human mobility analyses is growing in both research and practice, especially as applications for urban planning and mobility rely on them. Aggregate statistics and visualizations play an essential role as building blocks of data explorations and summary reports, the latter being increasingly released to third parties such as municipal administrations or in the context of citizen participation. However, such explorations already pose a threat to privacy as they reveal potentially sensitive location information, and thus should not be shared without further privacy measures. There is a substantial gap between state-of-the-art research on privacy methods and their uti- lization in practice. We thus conceptualize a mobility report with differential privacy guarantees and implement it as open-source software to enable a privacy-preserving exploration of key aspects of mobility data in an easily accessible way. Moreover, we evaluate the benefits of limiting user contributions using three data sets relevant to research and practice. Our results show that even a strong limit on user contribution alters the original geospatial distribution only within a com- paratively small range, while significantly reducing the error introduced by adding noise to achieve privacy guarantees.
Novel macrocycles – and old ones doing new tricks
Creators: name: Jiang, Wei
name: Schalley, Christoph A.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: macrocycles
subject: supramolecular chemistry
subject: macrocyclic chemistry
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::547 Organische Chemie

description: Macrocycles [1] are the workhorses in supramolecular chemistry. Many basic supramolecular concepts have been developed through studying crown ethers, cryptands, podands and spherands in the 1970s and 1980s. For these contributions, Charles Pedersen, Donald J. Cram and Jean-Marie Lehn were awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1987. In the 80s and 90s, Jean-Pierre Sauvage and Sir Fraser Stoddart used macrocycles to realize machine-like molecular motion, and they shared the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 2016 with Ben Feringa. Clearly, macrocycles played a central role for the fundamental science that established supramolecular chemistry as an independent field of chemical research as well as for its applications in contemporary research on functional supramolecules and materials.
Crustal Structure of Sri Lanka Derived From Joint Inversion of Surface Wave Dispersion and Receiver Functions Using a Bayesian Approach
Creators: name: Dreiling, Jennifer
name: Tilmann, Frederik
name: Yuan, Xiaohui
name: Haberland, Christian
name: Seneviratne, S. W. Mahinda
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Moho depth
subject: Madagascar
subject: evolution
subject: basement
subject: complex
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::550 Geowissenschaften, Geologie::550 Geowissenschaften

description: We study the crustal structure of Sri Lanka by analyzing data from a temporary seismic network deployed in 2016-2017 to shed light on the amalgamation process from a geophysical perspective. Rayleigh wave phase dispersion curves from ambient noise cross correlation and receiver functions were jointly inverted using a transdimensional Bayesian approach. The Moho depths in Sri Lanka range between 30 and 40 km, with the thickest crust (38-40 km) beneath the central Highland Complex (HC). The thinnest crust (30-35 km) is found along the west coast, which experienced crustal thinning associated with the formation of the Mannar Basin. V-P/V-S ratios lie within a range of 1.60-1.82 and predominantly favor a felsic to intermediate bulk crustal composition with a significant silica content of the rocks. A major intracrustal (18-27 km), slightly westward dipping (similar to 4.3 degrees) interface with high V-S (similar to 4 km/s) underneath is prominent in the central HC, continuing into the western Vijayan Complex (VC). The discontinuity might have been part of the respective units prior to the collision and could be an indicator for the proposed tilting of the Wanni Complex/HC crustal sections. It might also be related to the deep crustal HC/VC thrust contact with the VC as an indenting promontory of high V-S. A low-velocity zone in the central HC could have been caused by fluid influx generated by the thrusting process.
Experimental and simulation results of the adsorption of Mo and V onto ferrihydrite
Creators: name: Brinza, Loredana
name: Vu, Hong Phuc
name: Neamtu, Mariana
name: Benning, Liane G.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: ferrihydrite
subject: simulation
subject: experiment
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::550 Geowissenschaften, Geologie::551 Geologie, Hydrologie, Meteorologie

description: This study aims to highlight discrepancies between experimental and simulation linked to the mechanisms of Mo and V adsorption onto ferrihydrite (FHY) nanoparticles. We have measured adsorption capacities and uptake efficiencies and then fitted and compared these with outputs from various geochemical and adsorption models that were run as a function of pH, surface area (SA) and ferrihydrite particles size distributions. Our results revealed that the experimental data for the Mo system could be fitted very well, but this was not the case for the V system, when a model default value for the SA of FHY of 600 m2 g−1 was used. The discrepancy in the results for the V system can be explained by the lack of specific V species and/or associated constants in databases and variation in software versions, which change the outputted chemical species. Our comparative results also confirm that any experimental variables used as modelling inputs need to be checked carefully prior to any modelling exercises.
Titelei
Creators: name: Redaktion, Die
Publisher: name: Funde und Ausgrabungen im Bezirk Trier
Year: 2019

description: -
description: Funde und Ausgrabungen im Bezirk Trier, Bd. 16 (1984): Funde und Ausgrabungen im Bezirk Trier : Aus der Arbeit des Rheinischen Landesmuseums Trier
Root enhancement in cytokinin-deficient oilseed rape causes leaf mineral enrichment, increases the chlorophyll concentration under nutrient limitation and enhances the phytoremediation capacity
Creators: name: Stolz, Andrea
name: Nehnevajova, Erika
name: Ramireddy, Eswarayya
name: Gerdemann-Knörck, Maria
name: Novák, Ondřej
name: Strnad, Miroslav
name: Schmülling, Thomas
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: brassica napus
subject: cytokinin
subject: cytokinin oxidase/dehydrogenase
subject: leaf mineral enrichment
subject: phytoremediation
subject: plant growth
subject: root enhancement
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::580 Pflanzen (Botanik)::580 Pflanzen (Botanik)

description: Background Cytokinin is a negative regulator of root growth, and a reduction of the cytokinin content or signalling causes the formation a larger root system in model plants, improves their growth under drought and nutrient limitation and causes increased accumulation of elements in the shoot. Roots are an important but understudied target of plant breeding. Here we have therefore explored whether root enhancement by lowering the cytokinin content can also be achieved in oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) plants. Results Transgenic plants overexpressing the CKX2 gene of Arabidopsis thaliana encoding a cytokinin-degrading cytokinin oxidase/dehydrogenase showed higher CKX activity and a strongly reduced cytokinin content. Cytokinin deficiency led to the formation of a larger root system under different growth conditions, which was mainly due to an increased number of lateral and adventitious roots. In contrast, shoot growth was comparable to wild type, which caused an enhanced root-to-shoot ratio. Transgenic plants accumulated in their leaves higher concentrations of macro- and microelements including P, Ca, Mg, S, Zn, Cu, Mo and Mn. They formed more chlorophyll under Mg- and S-deficiency and accumulated a larger amount of Cd and Zn from contaminated medium and soil. Conclusions These findings demonstrate the usefulness of ectopic CKX gene expression to achieve root enhancement in oilseed rape and underpin the functional relevance of a larger root system. Furthermore, the lack of major developmental consequences on shoot growth in cytokinin-deficient oilseed rape indicates species-specific differences of CKX gene and/or cytokinin action.
A novel formulation of point vortex dynamics on the sphere: geometrical and numerical aspects
Creators: name: Vankerschaver, Joris
name: Leok, Melvin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we present a novel Lagrangian formulation of the equations of motion for point vortices on the unit 2-sphere. We show first that no linear Lagrangian formulation exists directly on the 2-sphere but that a Lagrangian may be constructed by pulling back the dynamics to the 3-sphere by means of the Hopf fibration. We then use the isomorphism of the 3-sphere with the Lie group SU(2) to derive a variational Lie group integrator for point vortices which is symplectic, second-order, and preserves the unit-length constraint. At the end of the paper, we compare our integrator with classical fourth-order Runge--Kutta, the second-order midpoint method, and a standard Lie group Munthe-Kaas method.
description: 40 pages, 10 figures. v2: simplified numerical algorithm, discussion of conservation laws
Buchanzeigen
Creators: name: Redaktion, Die
Publisher: name: Kunstchronik. Monatsschrift für Kunstwissenschaft, Museumswesen und Denkmalpflege
Year: 2019

description: Kunstchronik. Monatsschrift für Kunstwissenschaft, Museumswesen und Denkmalpflege, Bd. 3 Nr. 12 (1950): Kunstchronik. Monatsschrift für Kunstwissenschaft, Museumswesen und Denkmalpflege
Роль Пам’Яті У Людських Відносинах: Етичний Вимір
Creators: name: Tatianina, Iuliana
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: history
memory
apology
rhetoric
trauma

description: Було розглянуто ставлення античних філософів до природи пам'яті, яка полягає у парадоксальній присутності відсутнього у нашій свідомості. Огляд мистецтва пам'яті і значення у ньому місць пам'яті. Проаналізовано роль пам'яті у питаннях примирення з історичним минулим.
Raddatz, Klaus: Der Thorsberger Moorfund. Gürtelteile und Körperschmuck
Creators: name: Jacob-Friesen, Karl Hermann
Publisher: name: Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte
Year: 2019

description: Rezension zu: Raddatz, Klaus: Der Thorsberger Moorfund. Gürtelteile und Körperschmuck. Offa-Bücher, Band 13. Neumünster (Karl Wach- holtz Verlag) 1957. 160 Seiten mit 20 Abb.-Tafeln und 15 Karten
description: Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte, Bd. 27 (1958): Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte
Sanders, Nancy K. : Bronze Age Cultures in France
Creators: name: Jacob-Friesen, Karl Hermann
Publisher: name: Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte
Year: 2019

description: Rezension zu: Sanders, Nancy K. : Bronze Age Cultures in France. Cambridge (University Press) 1957. XVII und 412 Seiten mit 97 Abbildungen im Text, 13 Karten und 12 Tafeln
description: Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte, Bd. 27 (1958): Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte
Emergence and equilibration of jets in beta-plane turbulence: applications of Stochastic Structural Stability Theory
Creators: name: Constantinou, Navid C.
name: Farrell, Brian F.
name: Ioannou, Petros J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Stochastic Structural Stability Theory (S3T) provides analytical methods for understanding the emergence and equilibration of jets from the turbulence in planetary atmospheres based on the dynamics of the statistical mean state of the turbulence closed at second order. Predictions for formation and equilibration of turbulent jets made using S3T are critically compared with results of simulations made using the associated quasi-linear and nonlinear models. S3T predicts the observed bifurcation behavior associated with the emergence of jets, their equilibration and their breakdown as a function of parameters. Quantitative differences in bifurcation parameter values between predictions of S3T and results of nonlinear simulations are traced to modification of the eddy spectrum which results from two processes: nonlinear eddy-eddy interactions and formation of discrete non-zonal structures. Remarkably, these non-zonal structures, which substantially modify the turbulence spectrum, are found to arise from S3T instability. Formation as linear instabilities and equilibration at finite amplitude of multiple equilibria for identical parameter values in the form of jets with distinct meridional wavenumbers is verified as is the existence at equilibrium of finite amplitude non-zonal structures in the form of nonlinearly modified Rossby waves. When zonal jets and nonlinearly modified Rossby waves coexist at finite amplitude the jet structure is generally found to dominate even if it is linearly less unstable. The physical reality of the manifold of S3T jets and non-zonal structures is underscored by the existence in nonlinear simulations of jet structure at subcritical S3T parameter values which are identified with stable S3T jet modes excited by turbulent fluctuations.
description: 18 pages, 18 figures, submitted to the Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences
Eine Stangenschleife der Ripdorfstufe im Kreise Nienburg/Weser
Creators: name: Dieck, Alfred
Publisher: name: Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte
Year: 2019

description: Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte, Bd. 28 (1959): Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte
Schleiermacher, Wilhelm: Der römische Limes in Deutschland
Creators: name: Jacob-Friesen, Karl Hermann
Publisher: name: Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte
Year: 2019

description: Rezension zu: Schleiermacher, Wilhelm: Der römische Limes in Deutschland. Berlin (Gebr. Mann) 1959. 242 Seiten mit 42 Abb. u. 1 Karte. Leinen
description: Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte, Bd. 28 (1959): Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte
Computable Geospatial Models
Creators: name: Kolar, Jan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013

description: 15 minutes talk on practical implementation of the Geospatial Manged Objects and the concepts described in the article "Bytecode Unification of Computable Geospatial Models". The time index of the presentation:

1m 43s Minimalistic GMO

4m 08s Functional GMO Definition

6m 07s Accessing GMOs from Shell using Scala scripts

9m 24s Viewing GMOs using Virtual Globe component

12m 03s GRIFIN implementation of GMO technology

12m 36s GMO software clients using GRIFIN

13m 58s GMO models
Combining rTMS with intensive language-action therapy in chronic aphasia: A randomized controlled trial
Creators: name: Heikkinen, Paula H.
name: Pulvermüller, Friedemann
name: Mäkelä, Jyrki P.
name: Ilmoniemi, Risto J.
name: Lioumis, Pantelis
name: Kujala, Teija
name: Manninen, Riitta-Leena
name: Ahvenainen, Antti
name: Klippi, Anu
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: chronic aphasia
subject: language rehabilitation
subject: efficacy
subject: ILAT
subject: rTMS
subject: randomized controlled trial (RCT)
subject: 400 Sprache::410 Linguistik::410 Linguistik
subject: 100 Philosophie und Psychologie::150 Psychologie::158 Angewandte Psychologie

description: Neuromodulation technologies, such as transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), are promising tools for neurorehabilitation, aphasia therapy included, but not yet in common clinical use. Combined with behavioral techniques, in particular treatment-efficient Intensive Language-Action Therapy (ILAT, previously CIAT or CILT), TMS could substantially amplify the beneficial effect of such behavioral therapy alone (Thiel et al., 2013; Martin et al., 2014; Mendoza et al., 2016; Kapoor, 2017). In this randomized study of 17 subjects with post-stroke aphasia in the chronic stage, we studied the combined effect of ILAT and 1-Hz placebo-controlled navigated repetitive TMS (rTMS) to the right-hemispheric inferior frontal cortex—that is, to the anterior part of the non-dominant hemisphere's homolog Broca's area (pars triangularis). Patients were randomized to groups A and B. Patients in group A received a 2-week period of rTMS during naming training where they named pictures displayed on the screen once every 10 s, followed by 2 weeks of rTMS and naming combined with ILAT. Patients in group B received the same behavioral therapy but TMS was replaced by sham stimulation. The primary outcome measures for changes in language performance were the Western Aphasia Battery's aphasia quotient AQ; the secondary outcome measures were the Boston naming test (BNT) and the Action naming test (Action BNT, ANT). All subjects completed the study. At baseline, no statistically significant group differences were discovered for age, post-stroke time or diagnosis. ILAT was associated with significant improvement across groups, as documented by both primary and secondary outcome measures. No significant effect of rTMS could be documented. Our results agree with previous results proving ILAT's ability to improve language in patients with chronic aphasia. In contrast with earlier claims, however, a beneficial effect of rTMS in chronic post-stroke aphasia rehabilitation was not detected in this study.
Averaging in a Class of Stochastic Hybrid Dynamical Systems with Time-Varying Flow Maps
Creators: name: Poveda, J. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We present stability and recurrence results for a class of stochastic hybrid dynamical systems with oscillating flow maps. These results are developed by introducing averaging tools that parallel those already existing for ordinary differential equations and deterministic hybrid dynamical systems. Such tools can be used to examine the stability properties of the original dynamics based on the properties of a simpler dynamical system constructed from the average of the original oscillating vector field. In this work, we focus on a class of systems for which global stability and recurrence results are achievable under suitable smoothness assumptions on the dynamics. By studying the average stochastic hybrid dynamics using Lyapunov-Foster functions, we derive similar stability and recurrence results for the original stochastic hybrid system.