cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Therapeutic and Mechanistic Perspectives of Protein Complexes in Breast Cancer
Creators: name: Waterhouse, Mark P.
name: Ugur, Rosie
name: Khaled, Walid T.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: Cell and Developmental Biology
transcription factor
breast cancer
TNBC
protein-protein interaction
protein complexes
cancer therapy
PROTAC
post-translational modification

description: Breast cancer affects one in eight women making it the most common cancer in the United Kingdom, accounting for 15% of all new cancer cases. One of the main challenges in treating breast cancer is the heterogeneous nature of the disease. At present, targeted therapies are available for hormone receptor- and HER2-positive tumors. However, no targeted therapies are currently available for patients with triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). This likely contributes to the poor prognostic outcome for TNBC patients. Consequently, there is a clear clinical need for the development of novel drugs that efficiently target TNBC. Extensive genomic and transcriptomic characterization of TNBC has in recent years identified a plethora of putative oncogenes. However, these driver oncogenes are often critical in other cell types and/or transcription factors making them very difficult to target directly. Therefore, other approaches may be required for developing novel therapeutics that fully exploit the specific functions of TNBC oncogenes in tumor cells. Here, we will argue that more research is needed to identify the protein-protein interactions of TNBC oncogenes as a means for (a) mechanistically understanding the biological function of these oncogenes in TNBC and (b) providing novel therapeutic targets that can be exploited for selectively inhibiting the oncogenic roles of TNBC oncogenes in cancer cells, whilst sparing normal healthy cells.
Quantum Dicke battery supercharging in the "bound luminocity" state
Creators: name: Seidov, S. S.
name: Mukhin, S. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum batteries, which are quantum systems to be used for storage and transformation of energy, are attracting research interest recently. A promising candidate for their investigation is the Dicke model, which describes an ensemble of two--level systems interacting with a single--mode electromagnetic wave in a resonator cavity. In order to charge the battery, a coupling between the ensemble of two--level systems and resonator cavity should be turned off at a certain moment of time. This moment of time is chosen in such a way, that the energy gets fully stored in the ensemble of two--level systems. In our previous works we have investigated a ``bound luminosity'' superradiant state of the extended Dicke model and found analytical expressions for dynamics of coherent energy transfer between superradiant condensate and the ensemble of the two--level systems. Here, using our previous results, we have derived analytically the superlinear law for the quantum battery charging power $P\sim N^{3/2}$ as function of the number $N$ of the two--level systems in the battery, and also $N$-dependence for the charging time $t_c\sim N^{-1/2}$. The $N$--exponent $3/2$ of the charging power is in quantitative correspondence with the recent result ${1.541}$ obtained numerically by other authors. The physics of the Dicke quantum battery charging is considered in detail.
Sustainable freight transportation: a review of strategies
Creators: name: Ruamsook, Kusumal
name: Thomchick, Evelyn A.
name: Ruamsook, Kusumal
name: Thomchick, Evelyn A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: Productivity Analysis
Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: With a growing sense of urgency for sustainability actions among consumers and most governments around the world, businesses operating in today’s global supply chain are under pressure to operate in sustainable manners. Among a wide array of supply chains and logistics activities, the most visible and environmentally damaging element is extensive freight transportation. Two issues pertinent to freight transport activities that are at the center of attention in both public and private sectors are greenhouse gas emissions created by such activities and their dependence on finite petroleum resources. Freight transport-related sustainability issues notwithstanding, transportation roles in national economic welfare and competitiveness in the global market are at stake in addressing the issues. The future of freight transportation will involve a balancing act that, on the one hand, it promotes global competitiveness and economic welfare by ensuring that freight is moved efficiently and reliably within today’s global supply chain context. On the other hand, it must ensure that its impacts on the environment are maintained at an appropriate level. As strategies to enhance the sustainability performance of freight transportation continue to be excogitated, the evolving nature necessitates an understanding of the developments. Based on a constant comparison analysis of relevant literature, this paper proffers a conceptualization of strategies currently employed and ideas proposed to promote joint economic-environmental sustainability of freight transportation. It is intended to render a framework for further research and dialogue among public agencies, the industry and academicians as to how the issue of sustainability in the freight transportation context should be addressed to assure long-term succes
Is the Decision to Code-share a Route Different for Virtual versus Traditional Code-Share Arrangements?
Creators: name: Du, Yan
name: McMullen, Starr
name: Du, Yan
name: McMullen, Starr
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession

description: This paper analyzes factors that determine whether individual routes remain in or leave a code-share agreement in different scenarios: pooled, purely traditionally code-shared routes, purely virtual code-shared routes and routes both traditionally and purely codeshare. The code-share alliance between Continental and America West Airlines is used as the case study for this analysis. Empirical results show that factors affecting alliance firms’ code sharing decision significantly differ for virtual versus traditional code share agreements.
Real-time, noise and drift resilient formaldehyde sensing at room temperature with aerogel filaments
Creators: name: Chen, Zhuo
name: Zhou, Binghan
name: Xiao, Mingfei
name: Bhowmick, Tynee
name: Kannan, Padmanathan Karthick
name: Occhipinti, Luigi G.
name: Gardner, Julian William
name: Hasan, Tawfique
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Formaldehyde, a known human carcinogen, is a common indoor air pollutant. However, its real-time and selective recognition from interfering gases remains challenging, especially for low-power sensors suffering from noise and baseline drift. We report a fully 3D-printed quantum dot/graphene-based aerogel sensor for highly sensitive and real-time recognition of formaldehyde at room temperature. By optimising the morphology and doping of the printed structures, we achieve a record-high response of 15.23 percent for 1 parts-per-million formaldehyde and an ultralow detection limit of 8.02 parts-per-billion consuming only 130 uW power. Based on measured dynamic response snapshots, we also develop an intelligent computational algorithm for robust and accurate detection in real time despite simulated substantial noise and baseline drift, hitherto unachievable for room-temperature sensors. Our framework in combining materials engineering, structural design and computational algorithm to capture dynamic response offers unprecedented real-time identification capabilities of formaldehyde and other volatile organic compounds at room temperature.
description: Main manuscript: 21 pages, 5 figure. Supplementary: 21 pages. 13 Figures, 2 table
Role of the electron-phonon coupling in tuning the thermal boundary conductance at metal-dielectric interfaces by inserting ultrathin metal interlayers
Creators: name: Oommen, S. M.
name: Pisana, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Varying the thermal boundary conductance at metal-dielectric interfaces is of great importance for highly integrated electronic structures such as electronic, thermoelectric and plasmonic devices where heat dissipation is dominated by interfacial effects. In this paper we study the modification of the thermal boundary conductance at metal-dielectric interfaces by inserting metal interlayers of varying thickness below 10 nm. We show that the insertion of a tantalum interlayer at the Al/Si and Al/sapphire interfaces strongly hinders the phonon transmission across these boundaries, with a sharp transition and plateau within ~1 nm. We show that the electron-phonon coupling has a major influence on the sharpness of the transition as the interlayer thickness is varied, and if the coupling is strong, the variation in thermal boundary conductance typically saturates within 2 nm. In contrast, the addition of a nickel interlayer at the Al/Si and the Al/sapphire interfaces produces a local minimum as the interlayer thickness increases, due to the similar phonon dispersion in Ni and Al. The weaker electron-phonon coupling in Ni causes the boundary conductance to saturate more slowly. Thermal property measurements were performed using time domain thermo-reflectance and are in good agreement with a formulation of the diffuse mismatch model based on real phonon dispersions that accounts for inelastic phonon scattering and phonon confinement within the interlayer. The analysis of the different assumptions included in the model reveals when inelastic processes should be considered. A hybrid model that introduces inelastic scattering only when the materials are more acoustically matched is found to better predict the thickness dependence of the thermal boundary conductance without any fitting parameters.
description: 37 pages, 8 figures
Additional file 1: of Ex vivo evolution of human antibodies by CRISPR-X: from a naive B cell repertoire to affinity matured antibodies
Creators: name: Marie-Claire Devilder
name: Moyon, Melinda
name: Gautreau-Rolland, Laetitia
name: Navet, Benjamin
name: Perroteau, Jeanne
name: Delbos, Florent
name: Marie-Claude Gesnel
name: Breathnach, Richard
name: Saulquin, Xavier
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Table S1. Isolation of human anti-HLA-A2 B lymphocytes from the PBMC of grafted patients.This table indicates the number of HLA-A2-specific B cells isolated from each donors.Table S2. Full nucleotide sequences.This table indicates the nucleotide sequences of the variable segments of the heavy and light chains of A2Ab and of the heavy chain of the various R1+ or R2+ mutants.Table S3. gRNA sequences binding to the Ig gene sense (s) or antisense (as) strands.This table indicates the nucleotide sequence of the gRNAs which are numbered according to their position from the ATG (A corresponding to nucleotide number 1) of the A2Ab variable heavy chain sequence (see Additional file 1: Table S2). (DOCX 51 kb)
Initial-Final and Initial-Initial antenna functions for real radiation at next-to-leading order
Creators: name: Fox, Elliot
name: Glover, Nigel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The antenna subtraction method has achieved remarkable success in various processes relevant to the Large Hadron Collider. In Reference [1], an algorithm was proposed for constructing real-radiation antenna functions for electron-positron annihilation, directly from specified unresolved limits, accommodating any number of real emissions. Here, we extend this algorithm to build antennae involving partons in the initial state, specifically the initial-final and initial-initial antennae. Using this extended algorithm, we explicitly construct all NLO QCD antenna functions and compare them with previously extracted antenna functions derived from matrix elements. Additionally, we rigorously match the integration of the antenna functions over the initial-final and initial-initial unresolved phase space with the previous approach, providing an independent validation of our results. The improved antenna functions are more compact and reduced in number, making them more readily applicable for higher-order calculations.
description: 33 pages, updated to match JHEP submission
Hard X-ray Excess from the Magnificent Seven Neutron Stars
Creators: name: Dessert, Christopher
name: Foster, Joshua W.
name: Safdi, Benjamin R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report significant hard X-ray excesses in the energy range 2-8 keV for two nearby isolated neutron stars RX J1856.6-3754 and RX J0420.0-5022. These neutron stars have previously been observed in soft X-rays to have nearly thermal spectra at temperatures ~100 eV, which are thought to arise from the warm neutron star surfaces. We find nontrivial hard X-ray spectra well above the thermal surface predictions with archival data from the XMM-Newton and Chandra X-ray telescopes. We analyze possible systematic effects that could generate such spurious signals, such as nearby X-ray point sources and pileup of soft X-rays, but we find that the hard X-ray excesses are robust to these systematics. We also investigate possible sources of hard X-ray emission from the neutron stars and find no satisfactory explanation with known mechanisms, suggesting that a novel source of X-ray emission is at play. We do not find high-significance hard X-ray excesses from the other five Magnificent Seven isolated neutron stars.
description: 42 pages, 34 figures. v2: updated version to be published in ApJ
Evaluation of Resource Allocation Strategies in Incident Management Systems
Creators: name: Xiao, Weihua
name: Xiao, Weihua
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: Considering an incident management system (IMS), this paper focuses on how to use existed resources efficiently to reduce the average incident duration. Traffic Management Centers (TMC) have two ways to manage incidents, namely, waiting until an incident is detected and then dispatching a traffic flow restoration unit (TFRU) from the depot to clear them, or having TFRUs out running along specific routes and clear the incidents they run into. We examine the effects of these two options using computer simulation technology. Based on simulation results, response surfaces are constructed demonstrate the impacts of these two alternatives on the incident duration, and an equilibrium point between them is determined.
Fermion-Boson Interactions and Quantum Algebras
Creators: name: Ballesteros, A.
name: Civitarese, O.
name: Herranz, F. J.
name: Reboiro, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum Algebras (q-algebras) are used to describe interactions between fermions and bosons. Particularly, the concept of a su_q(2) dynamical symmetry is invoked in order to reproduce the ground state properties of systems of fermions and bosons interacting via schematic forces. The structure of the proposed su_q(2) Hamiltonians, and the meaning of the corresponding deformation parameters, are discussed.
description: 20 pages, 10 figures. Physical Review C (in press)
Free Flap Selection and Outcomes of Soft Tissue Reconstruction Following Resection of Intra-oral Malignancy
Creators: name: Young, Adam M. H.
name: Bache, Sarah
name: Segaren, Nicolas
name: Murphy, Suzane
name: Maraka, Jane
name: Durrani, Amer J.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: Surgery
intra-oral
free-flap
outcomes
malignancy
RFFF
ALTFF

description: Introduction: Surgery to resect intra-oral malignancy is a well-established mode of primary treatment. The tissue requirement in this area is for a thin, pliable flap with minimal bulk and this has historically been provided by free tissue transfer with a radial forearm free flap (RFFF). More recently, a role for the anterolateral thigh free flap (ALTFF) has been described, although in populations with a westernized diet, body habitus may preclude use of an ALTFF due to flap thickness, relative to a radial forearm free flap. Methods: An analysis of data was performed retrospectively for 90 consecutive patients with intra-oral malignancy, requiring immediate soft tissue reconstruction by the senior author, at Addenbrooke's Hospital between July 2008 and April 2016. Cases requiring bony reconstruction were excluded. Data on patient age, sex, indication for surgery, tumor location and defect type, complications, success rates, and length of stay were recorded. Results: The majority of patients received an ALTFF (n = 56) with 38% receiving a RFFF (n = 34). Surgical resection took place in the floor of the mouth most frequently. These were closed with ALTFF and RFFF in 41 and 28 occasions, respectively. A success rate of 97% was observed in the RFFF group; 1 flap developed partial necrosis and required complete revision. In the ALTFF group, there was a 100% flap success rate. ALTFF usage resulted in a reduction in the number of intraoperative (p = 0.021) in addition a reduction in the number of days in ITU (p = 0.01) and post-operative clinic visits (p = 0.025). Conclusion: We present a series that used predominately the ALTFF to reconstruct intra-oral defects following resection of squamous cell carcinoma in a Western population. The results demonstrate that this treatment can produce at least as comparable results as to the use of a RFFF repair in this population, whilst avoiding the donor site morbidity and aesthetic compromise of a RFFF.
title: At the borders of comprehension: articulating the aberrant body in poetic practice
Creators: name: Lehane, Dorothy
Publisher: name: University of Kent
Year: 2021

description: This research began as an investigation into the poetry found within the linguistic patterns and nonsensical constructions of neurological speech conditions. As I started to unravel the ethical implications of writing about vulnerable subjects, my focus shifted, leading me to examine my own position as a chronically sick person and to recognize the shape my autoimmune illness plays in my life. This project responds to that shift in direction whilst mapping the decisions, processes and approaches taken when writing my unspecified chronic autoimmune illness as poetic practice. My own praxis is intrinsically and inextricably linked to the critical component of this thesis which focuses on poetic works that perform the illness experience by adopting a range of innovative strategies, approaches that reject common literary tropes found in mainstream illness writing. The writers in this study: Denise Leto, Amber DiPietra, David Wolach, Anne Boyer, and Eleni Stecopoulos complicate traditional modes of confessional writing by introducing work to the field that is challenging, multi-layered and multi-interpretational, reflecting the discord that permeates their sense of living with illness. I pay particular attention to the modifying outcomes involved in the act of poetic appropriation: strategies that allow the poet to unsettle hierarchical power structures, produce subjective knowledge and participate in the healing languages of holistic and conventional medical encounters. Across this thesis, I challenge the binary assumptions that posit coherence as the superior mode of articulation in poetic practice, and suggest that alternative embodiments can prove revelatory and productive. Towards conclusion, I stress the importance of fostering an inclusive field that encompasses a range of insightful and embodied expressions, and rethinks questions surrounding access and privilege.
Additional file 2: Table S2. of Genotyping-by-sequencing provides the discriminating power to investigate the subspecies of Daucus carota (Apiaceae)
Creators: name: Arbizu, Carlos
name: Ellison, Shelby
name: Senalik, Douglas
name: Simon, Philipp
name: Spooner, David
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Summary of processing GBS data of Daucus. (PDF 98 kb)
Residential neighbourhood greenspace is associated with reduced risk of cardiovascular disease: A prospective cohort study
Creators: name: Dalton, Alice M.
name: Jones, Andrew P.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Research Article
Medicine and health sciences
Research and analysis methods
People and places

description: Background: Living in a greener neighbourhood may reduce the risk of developing incident cardiovascular disease, but evidence is limited by reliance on cross-sectional comparisons. We use data from a longitudinal study with a time-independent measure of risk to explore the association between exposure to greenspace and cardiovascular disease. Methods: Data was from the European Prospective Investigation of Cancer Norfolk UK cohort, baseline 1993–1997 (n = 24,420). Neighbourhoods were defined as 800m radius zones around participants’ home, according to their home postcode (zip code) in the year 2000. Greenspace exposure was identified using classified satellite imagery. Adjusted Cox proportional hazards regression examined associations between greenspace and incident cardiovascular disease. Mediation analysis assessed if physical activity mediated associations, whilst modification by rurality, socio-economic status and age was explored. Results: The mean age of participants was 59.2 years at baseline, 54.7% were female, and mean follow-up time was 14.5 years. Individuals living in the greenest neighbourhood quartile had a 7% lower relative hazard of developing cardiovascular disease than other neighbourhoods (HR 0.93; 95% CI 0.88, 0.97; p = 0.003) after adjusting for age, sex, BMI, prevalent diabetes and socio-economic status (SES). Physical activity did not mediate the relationship (greenest compared to the least green quartile HR 0.99; 95% CI 0.97, 1.01; p = 0.416). Models predicted incidence of cardiovascular disease in the least green neighbourhoods (19.4% greenspace on average) would fall by 4.8% (95% CI 1.6%, 8.2% p = 0.003) if they were as green as the average neighbourhood (59.0% greenspace). Occupation moderated the relationship, whereby exposure to greenspace was not associated with incident CVD for participants engaged in manual occupations. Conclusions: Greener home neighbourhoods may protect against risk of cardiovascular disease even after accounting for SES, whilst the mechanism does not appear to be strongly associated with physical activity. Putative causal mechanisms require investigation.
Toward Robust Image Classification
Creators: name: Alshemali, Basemah
name: Graham, Alta
name: Kalita, Jugal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Neural networks are frequently used for image classification, but can be vulnerable to misclassification caused by adversarial images. Attempts to make neural network image classification more robust have included variations on preprocessing (cropping, applying noise, blurring), adversarial training, and dropout randomization. In this paper, we implemented a model for adversarial detection based on a combination of two of these techniques: dropout randomization with preprocessing applied to images within a given Bayesian uncertainty. We evaluated our model on the MNIST dataset, using adversarial images generated using Fast Gradient Sign Method (FGSM), Jacobian-based Saliency Map Attack (JSMA) and Basic Iterative Method (BIM) attacks. Our model achieved an average adversarial image detection accuracy of 97%, with an average image classification accuracy, after discarding images flagged as adversarial, of 99%. Our average detection accuracy exceeded that of recent papers using similar techniques.
description: 2019 Intelligent Systems Conference, pp 483-489
title: The synthesis, and structural studies of advanced functional materials
Creators: name: Liang, Yanshun
Publisher: name: University of Kent
Year: 2021

description: This research project is divided into two sections. The first section is an investigation into the stability of photovoltaic hybrid perovskites under various annealing conditions. Synthesis of MAPbI3 and related systems has been performed using a solution precipitation method. The compounds have then been divided in many smaller batches and thermally treated at different temperatures under air, vacuum and in the presence of the gettering agent, Zn. The temperatures and conditions were chosen to coincide with those typically implemented in the manufacture of photovoltaic devices, with the aim of understanding how these annealing conditions affect the structure. Firstly, we show that annealing in air increases both the tetragonal a and c lattice parameters, but reduces the c/a ratio, as a result in improved packing and establishing more hydrogen bonding. Secondly, annealing in a vacuum at 90 oC for up to 73 hours showed an increase in both the tetragonal a and c lattice parameters up to 5 hours but then there is a reduction to form a plateau around 40 hours, demonstrating that the annealing period is critical to tuning the MA packing and disorder in the structure. Finally, we show that annealing in a vacuum in the presence of Zn metal significantly reduces the lattice parameters, in contrast to the air and vacuum only environment, demonstrating that Zn can be used as a gettering agent to tune the composition during annealing. This work sheds some light on the wide variation in photovoltaic properties of MAPbI3 that are reported in the literature, and the importance in determining the correlation of photovoltaic properties with annealing procedures on these very flexible hybrid perovskites. The second section is on the synthesis and characterisation of magnetically frustrated mixed metal fluoride pyrochlores. RbFe2F6 is a charged ordered defect pyrochlore, that is better described by the formula, RbFe2+Fe3+F6. We have demonstrated that the average antiferromagnetic structure remains the same down to 1.5 K, despite recent inelastic neutron scattering studies showing a change in the dynamics. We have synthesised a number of related systems with the general formula AFeMF6, where M = Cr, Zn and A = Rb and Cs. We have isolated a previously unreported phase, RbFe1.3Cr0.7F6, that possesses the same charge ordered orthorhombic structure as RbFe2F6 with the space group Pnma. SQUID magnetometry shows RbFe1.3Cr0.7F6 has a magnetic transition at ~10 K with divergence between zero field cooled and field cooled magnetic susceptibility. Neutron scattering confirms the system is a spin glass, and no long ranged magnetic order is observed. The magnetically dilute pyrochlore, RbFeZnF6 was synthesised and showed Curie-Weiss behaviour down to 2 K.
Non trivial idempotents of the matrix rings over polynomial ring Z_{pqr}[x]
Creators: name: Mittal, Gaurav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 16S50, 13F20

description: In this paper, we study the non trivial idempotents of the $2 \times 2$ matrix ring over the polynomial ring $\mathbb{Z}_{pqr}[x]$ for distinct primes $p, q $ and $r$ greater than $3$. We have classified all the idempotents of this matrix ring into several classes such that any idempotent must belong to one of these classes. This work is extension of the work done in $[1]$.
title: Is Face Recognition Biased by Unintentional Recognition of Distracting Information?
Creators: name: Gupta, Sapna K.
Publisher: name: University of Kent
Year: 2021

description: Research highlights that we are not as skilful in controlling our memory as we may believe. Instead, our everyday intentional recognition judgments are often biased by what we unintentionally recognise in the same context. So far, it has been demonstrated that the unintentional recognition of image distractors can bias the intentional recognition of word targets, in the form of a familiarity (old/new) congruency bias. This bias reflects improved recognition performance for targets when the distractor/context upon which it is present at test is of the same memory status (also old or new). However, this effect has not yet been explored using face stimuli, despite faces varying in pre-existing familiarity and often being encountered in different familiar or unfamiliar contexts in everyday life. Furthermore, the distractor stimuli used in past literature have often been limited to simple drawings. Past designs have also typically relied on the use of working memory load or divided-attention tasks, or healthy aging to magnify distractibility, which is arguably not ecological valid nor generalisable. Consequently, this research investigated whether distractor-induced congruency biases found for words also apply to faces, using a new database of up-to-date face stimuli and without secondary manipulations of distractibility. I also attempted to replicate these results in an alternative sample and compared effects between target types (words vs faces). Results show novel evidence for the idea that faces are also biased by distracting stimuli in the same manner that has been found in relation to words. In turn, providing evidence for specific cognitive theories (e.g. Perceptual load theory) while questioning others (face processing modularity). Lastly, the study also provides future direction for neurocognitive research to answer questions regarding the underlying mechanisms of distractor bias, based on past research findings of dissociating event-related potentials (ERPs) in relation to unintentional and intentional recognition.
Number of days required to estimate physical activity constructs objectively measured in different age groups: Findings from three Brazilian (Pelotas) population-based birth cohorts
Creators: name: Ricardo, Luiza Isnardi Cardoso
name: Wendt, Andrea
name: Galliano, Leony Morgana
name: De Andrade Muller, Werner
name: Niño Cruz, Gloria Izabel
name: Wehrmeister, Fernando
name: Brage, Soren
name: Ekelund, Ulf
name: Crochemore M. Silva, Inácio
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Research Article
subject: Engineering and technology
subject: FOS: Engineering and technology
subject: Medicine and health sciences
subject: Research and analysis methods
subject: Biology and life sciences
subject: People and places

description: Purpose: The present study aims to estimate the minimum number of accelerometer measurement days needed to estimate habitual physical activity (PA) among 6- (2010), 18- (2011) and 30- (2012) year-old participants, belonging to three population-based Brazilian birth cohorts. Method: PA was assessed by triaxial wrist-worn GENEActiv accelerometers and the present analysis is restricted to participants with at least 6 consecutive days of measurement. Accelerometer raw data were analyzed with R-package GGIR. Description of PA measures (overall PA, moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA), light PA (LPA)) on weekdays and weekend days were conducted, and statistical differences were tested with chi-squared and Kruskal-Wallis tests. Spearman Brown Formulae was applied to test reliability of different number of days of accelerometer use. Results: Differences between week and weekend days regarding LPA, MVPA and overall PA, were only observed among 30-year-olds. Higher levels of MVPA (p = 0.006) and overall PA (p<0.001) were identified on weekdays. For overall PA, to achieve a reliability coefficient >0.70, two and three days of measurement were needed in adults and children, respectively. For LPA, a reliability coefficient >0.70 was achieved with five days in 6-year-old children, three days in 18-year-old young adults, and four days in 30-year-old adults. Considering MVPA, four days would be necessary to represent a week of measurement among all cohort groups. Conclusion: Our results show that four and five measurement days are needed to estimate all habitual PA constructs, for children and adults, respectively. Also, among 30-year-old adults, it is important to make efforts towards weekend days measurement.
title: Groin and Hip Complexities: Is Prevention viable?
Creators: name: Millson, Helen
name: , Nil
Publisher: name: University of Kent
Year: 2021

description: Groin and Hip pain is a well-recognised complaint among active young and middle-aged active adults. The groin, an anatomical region where diagnosis and symptoms are often confusing, may also represent a "Bermuda Triangle" for clinicians to disappear in vortices of suppositions and assumptions. Traditionally, there has been little International consensus regarding terminology, definitions and classification of groin pain in athletes. Consequently, there is minimal understanding of diagnosis, pathophysiology, investigation or management, although during the past decade the field has evolved and an evidence-based understanding is now emerging. As the diagnosis is multifactorial, one of the key points is to understand the entire anatomy and most importantly, the functional anatomy. Groin and hip physical testing of impairments, function, and performance have been documented. However, many of the studies are of poor quality and the results of research difficult to interpret and implement into practice. The prevalence of Radiographic groin and hip abnormalities is considerable and requires identification of the relationship between these radiographic abnormalities and the clinically symptomatic pathologies. There is no consensus regarding the optimum conservative management or for the ideal operating technique. Further research is required in relation to nonsur¬gical and surgical management-and the timing of these management approaches. The methods used in this thesis consists of drawing upon personal professional experience, attending National and International conferences, interactions at these conferences and evaluating various evidence sources. Translating and applying this ongoing knowledge into meaningful prevention and rehabilitation protocols has been practically undertaken and subsequently presented in the thesis. In spite of minimal evidence-based medicine and general lack of consensus, it seems the most pertinent point is that many of the groin/hip pathologies may be averted by an understanding of all the complexities involved. By exploring all the knowledge (scientific and practical) of hip and groin pathologies, a prevention strategy in the first place seems plausible, with specific pre-habilitation, bearing in mind the entire kinetic chain and taking into account the neuro - motor control thereof. Thus this thesis establishes a lack of consensus and a need for a robust hip/groin injury and pain prevention strategy.
A reconstruction of the initial conditions of the Universe by optimal mass transportation
Creators: name: Frisch, Uriel
name: Matarrese, Sabino
name: Mohayaee, Roya
name: Sobolevski, Andrei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Reconstructing the density fluctuations in the early Universe that evolved into the distribution of galaxies we see today is a challenge of modern cosmology [ref.]. An accurate reconstruction would allow us to test cosmological models by simulating the evolution starting from the reconstructed state and comparing it to the observations. Several reconstruction techniques have been proposed [8 refs.], but they all suffer from lack of uniqueness because the velocities of galaxies are usually not known. Here we show that reconstruction can be reduced to a well-determined problem of optimisation, and present a specific algorithm that provides excellent agreement when tested against data from N-body simulations. By applying our algorithm to the new redshift surveys now under way [ref.], we will be able to recover reliably the properties of the primeval fluctuation field of the local Universe and to determine accurately the peculiar velocities (deviations from the Hubble expansion) and the true positions of many more galaxies than is feasible by any other method. A version of the paper with higher-quality figures is available at http://www.obs-nice.fr/etc7/nature.pdf
description: Latex, 4 pages, 3 figures
Natural orbitals and their occupation numbers for free anyons in the magnetic gauge
Creators: name: Cioslowski, Jerzy
name: Brown, Oliver M.
name: Maciazek, Tomasz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the properties of natural orbitals and their occupation numbers of the ground state of two non-interacting anyons characterised by the fractional statistics parameter $α$ and confined in a harmonic trap. We work in the boson magnetic gauge where the anyons are modelled as composite bosons with magnetic flux quanta attached to their positions. We derive an asymptotic form of the weakly occupied natural orbitals, and show that their corresponding (ordered descendingly) occupation numbers decay according to the power law $n^{-(4+2α)}$, where $n$ is the index of the natural orbital. We find remarkable numerical agreement of the theory with the natural orbitals and their occupation numbers computed from the spectral decomposition of the system's wavefunction. We explain that the same results apply to the fermion magnetic gauge.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures
Anaceratagallia cuspidata Dlabola
Creators: name: C. A. Viraktamath
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Cicadellidae
Anaceratagallia
Anaceratagallia cuspidata

description: Anaceratagallia cuspidata Dlabola
Figs 100–105.
 Anaceratagallia cuspidata Dlabola 1957: 298–299, figs 106–110. HOLOTYPE ♂, AFGHANISTAN, [Not examined].
 Agallia pseudorobusta Kameswara Rao and Ramakrishnan 1978a: 236–237, fig. 1 a–l. HOLOTYPE ♂, INDIA: Delhi [NPC, Examined] syn. nov.
 Color. Coloration and structure as in Anaceratagallia robusta (see below).
 Male genitalia. Pygofer with short, ventrally directed spine-like projection. Subgenital plates with a few short setae on ventral margin. Styles with inner arm gradually boradened distally, with truncate apex, longer than inner arm. Aedeagal shaft gradullay narrowed distally, with pair of denticles at distal 0.33. Anal collar with caudal lobe tridentate.
 Measurements. Male 3.3 mm long, 1.3 mm wide across eyes.
 Material examined. HOLOTYPE ♂ of Agallia pseudorobusta Kameswara Rao and Ramakrishnan, INDIA: Delhi, Berseem, 2.iv.1974, P.K. R (NPC). PARATYPES, 3 ♂, Delhi, light dome and Berseem, ii.1974, P.K. R (NPC).
 Remarks. This species externally resembles A. robusta (see below). However, it can be easily distinguished by the tridentate anal collar process and the tooth-like paired projections on the aedeagal shaft. This species may not be a true member of Anaceratagallia as it has the inner arm of the style broad as in Nandigallia gen. nov. (see below), but has the male pygofer more typical of Anaceratagallia.
description: Published as part of C. A. Viraktamath, 2011, Revision of the Oriental and Australian Agalliini (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Megophthalminae) 2844, pp. 1-118 in Zootaxa 2844 on pages 16-17
Utilizing Dependencies to Obtain Subsets of Reachable Sets
Creators: name: Kochdumper, Niklas
name: Schürmann, Bastian
name: Althoff, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Reachability analysis, in general, is a fundamental method that supports formally-correct synthesis, robust model predictive control, set-based observers, fault detection, invariant computation, and conformance checking, to name but a few. In many of these applications, one requires to compute a reachable set starting within a previously computed reachable set. While it was previously required to re-compute the entire reachable set, we demonstrate that one can leverage the dependencies of states within the previously computed set. As a result, we almost instantly obtain an over-approximative subset of a previously computed reachable set by evaluating analytical maps. The advantages of our novel method are demonstrated for falsification of systems, optimization over reachable sets, and synthesizing safe maneuver automata. In all of these applications, the computation time is reduced significantly.
A Mobile Phone App for the Generation and Characterization of Motor Habits
Creators: name: Banca, Paula
name: McNamee, Daniel
name: Piercy, Thomas
name: Luo, Qiang
name: Robbins, Trevor W.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: habit
subject: skill
subject: automaticity
subject: motor sequence learning
subject: extinction
subject: sequence completion times
subject: preparation time
subject: routine

description: Habits are a powerful route to efficiency; the ability to constantly shift between goal-directed and habitual strategies, as well as integrate them into behavioral output, is key to optimal performance in everyday life. When such ability is impaired, it may lead to loss of control and to compulsive behavior. Habits have successfully been induced and investigated in rats using methods such as overtraining stimulus-response associations and outcome devaluation, respectively. However, such methods have ineffectively measured habits in humans because (1) human habits usually involve more complex sequences of actions than in rats and (2) of pragmatic impediments posed by the extensive time (weeks or even months), it may take for routine habits to develop. We present here a novel behavioral paradigm—a mobile-phone app methodology—for inducing and measuring habits in humans during their everyday schedule and environment. It assumes that practice is key to achieve automaticity and proficiency and that the use of a hierarchical sequence of actions is the best strategy for capturing the cognitive mechanisms involved in habit formation (including “chunking”) and consolidation. The task is a gamified self-instructed and self-paced app on a mobile phone that enables subjects to learn and practice two sequences of finger movements, composed of chords and single presses. It involves a step-wise learning procedure in which subjects begin responding to a visual and auditory cued sequence by generating responses on the screen using four fingers. Such cues progressively disappear throughout 1 month of training, enabling the subject ultimately to master the motor skill involved. We present preliminary data for the acquisition of motor sequence learning in 29 healthy individuals, each trained over a month period. We demonstrate an asymptotic improvement in performance, as well as its automatic nature. We also report how people integrate the task into their daily routine, the development of motor precision throughout training, and the effect of intermittent reinforcement and reward extinction in habit preservation. The findings help to validate this “real world” app for measuring human habits.
Josephson plasma resonance and phonon anomalies in trilayer Bi_2Sr_2Ca_2Cu_3O_10 superconductor
Creators: name: Boris, A. V
name: Munzar, D.
name: Kovaleva, N. N.
name: Liang, B.
name: Lin, C. T.
name: Dubroka, A.
name: Pimenov, A. V.
name: Holden, T.
name: Keimer, B.
name: Mathis, Y. -L.
name: Bernhard, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The far-infrared (FIR) c axis conductivity of a Bi2223 crystal has been measured by ellipsometry. Below T$_c$ a strong absorption band develops near 500 cm $^{-1}$, corresponding to a transverse Josephson-plasmon. The related increase in FIR spectral weight leads to a giant violation of the Ferrell-Glover-Tinkham sum-rule. The gain in c axis kinetic energy accounts for a sizeable part of the condensation energy. We also observe phonon anomalies which suggest that the Josephson-currents lead to a drastic variation of the local electric field within the block of closely spaced CuO$_2$ planes.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures
Serum amyloid P component promotes formation of distinct aggregated lysozyme morphologies and reduces toxicity in Drosophila flies expressing F57I lysozyme
Creators: name: Bergkvist, Liza
name: Richards, Daniel R.
name: Bernardo-Gancedo, Ana
name: Kumita, Janet R.
name: Nilsson, Peter R.
name: Brorsson, Ann-Christin
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Research Article
subject: Biology and life sciences
subject: Research and analysis methods
subject: Medicine and health sciences
subject: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Funder: Stiftelsen Apotekare Hedbergs Fond för Medicinsk Forskning; funder-id: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100009791
description: Funder: Sthones stiftelse
description: Many conflicting reports about the involvement of serum amyloid P component (SAP) in amyloid diseases have been presented over the years; SAP is known to be a universal component of amyloid aggregates but it has been suggested that it can both induce and suppress amyloid formation. By using our Drosophila model of systemic lysozyme amyloidosis, SAP has previously been shown to reduce the toxicity induced by the expression of the disease-associated lysozyme variant, F57I, in the Drosophila central nervous system. This study further investigates the involvement of SAP in modulating lysozyme toxicity using histochemistry and spectral analyses on the double transgenic WT and F57I lysozyme flies to probe; i) formation of aggregates, ii) morphological differences of the aggregated lysozyme species formed in the presence or absence of SAP, iii) location of lysozyme and iv) co-localisation of lysozyme and SAP in the fly brain. We found that SAP can counteract the toxicity (measured by the reduction in the median survival time) induced by F57I lysozyme by converting toxic F57I species into less toxic amyloid-like structures, as reflected by the spectral changes that p-FTAA undergoes when bound to lysozyme deposits in F57I-F57I-SAP flies as compared to F57I-F57I flies. Indeed, when SAP was introduced to in vitro lysozyme fibril formation, the endpoint fibrils had enhanced ThT fluorescence intensity as compared to lysozyme fibrils alone. This suggests that a general mechanism for SAP's role in amyloid diseases may be to promote the formation of stable, amyloid-like fibrils, thus decreasing the impact of toxic species formed along the aggregation pathway.