Onthophagus (Palaeonthophagus) vacca Linnaeus 1767
Creators: name: Rössner, Eckehard
name: Schönfeld, Joachim
name: Ahrens, Dirk
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Scarabaeidae
Onthophagus
Onthophagus vacca

description: Onthophagus (Palaeonthophagus) vacca (Linnaeus, 1767)
Scarabaeus vacca Linnaeus, 1767: 547 (Type locality: "Habitat in Galia australi.").
Copris conspurcatus Fourcroy, 1785: 14 (Type locality: environment of Paris).
Pilularius aeruginosus Schrank, 1798 (Type locality: "Baiern" [= Germany, Bavaria]). Onthophagus vacca var. difficilis Mulsant, 1842: 133 (Type locality: France).
Onthophagus vacca var. similis Mulsant, 1842: 134 (Type locality: France).
Onthophagus tricornis Fischer von Waldheim, 1844: 43 (Type locality: " Rossia meridionali"). Onthophagus antilope Motschulsky, 1845: 57 (Type locality: "an der Grenze zu Persien "). Onthophagus vacca Var. lusitanicus Seabra, 1907: 133 (Type locality: Bussaco [Portugal, Buçaco]).
* Exception: in populations from Corsica and Sardinia, spots are often linked to dark stripes (Fig. 2H); these individuals co-occur with weakly spotted specimens.
Type material examined: Lectotype (Scarabaeus vacca, designated by Krell (1996)) [Figs. 2F, 2T, 2Z]: " vitulus [black handwritten on white paper], vacca [with pencil handwritten on white paper] | vacca [black handwritten] 25 [black printed on white paper] | Lectotype Scarabaeus vacca Linné des. D. Ahrens 2008 [black hand written on red paper]" (Ψ, coll. CARL LINNAEUS [LSL INS 3356], LSL). Paralectotype (Scarabaeus vacca) [Figs. 2A, 2U, 2AB]: " Paralectotype Scarabaeus vacca Linné des. D. Ahrens 2008 [black handwritten on red paper]" (Ψ, coll. CARL LINNAEUS [LSL INS 3357], LSL). [An additional female specimen labelled "Angl. Jones" was located with the two type specimens under No. LSL INS 3358 in the collection LINNAEUS belongs to another Onthophagus species].
Belgium: " Belgium " (1 ɗ, 1 Ψ, coll. Fry, NHML). France: "Environs de Paris, de Vauloger" (1 ɗ, 3 ΨΨ, coll. Nevinson, NHML).- " Frankreich, Bordeaux 4.[19]43, F. Ermisch lgt." (3 ΨΨ, ZMHB).- "Perpignan, Pyr. or., Waegner" (3 ɗɗ, ZMHB).- "Perpignan Schwarzer" (1 Ψ, SMTD).- "21.7.[19]75 Argeles b. Perpignan (F.), Pferdekot, Fery leg." (6 ɗɗ, 6 ΨΨ, CHF).- " France, Var. Bauduen, 16.8.1988, leg. Schaffrath" (1ɗ, ZMHB).- "F / Var, Bauduen, in Menschenkot, 800 NN, 17.8.1988, leg. Schaffrath" (1 ɗ, 1 Ψ, CUS).- "F./ Var: Comps sur Artuby, Schafkot, ca. 950 NN, 10.5.1990, leg. Schafrath" (1 Ψ, CUS).- "F. Süd, Perpignan, Fluß Tet, Millas RN116, 3.4.[19] 83 F. Köhler" (1 ɗ, ZMHB).- "F. Süd, Perpignan, Umg. Strand bei Eine DB1, 2.4.[19] 85 F. Köhler" (1 ɗ, 1 Ψ, ZMHB).- "Perpignan Eselsmist 3.4.[19]55 D" (1 Ψ, SMNS).- "F. Süd, Pyrenäen, Arles s. Tech D115, 3.4.[19] 85 F. Köhler" (1 Ψ, ZMHB).- "Col du Ares (1500 m) Pyrenäen, 19/ 1991 leg: D. Ahrens" (1 Ψ, CDA).- " Frankreich, Labenne bei Bayonne (Chaloss), 27.VII.1994 leg. O. Hillert" (1 Ψ, COH).- "F - Alp. Maritimes, 1150 m, Plateau de Chaussols, Av. Charogne 14.5.2006 H. Kostenbader leg." (2 ΨΨ, CHKo).- "28.7.[19]75 Arles, Camargue (F.), Pferdekot, Fery leg." (1 ɗ, CHF).- "16.7 [19]75 Lac St. André (F.) b. Chambery, Eselskot, Fery leg." (1 Ψ, CHF).- "12.8.[19]80 Toulon, Pferdekot, Fery leg." (1 ɗ, 4 ΨΨ, CHF).- "6.4.[19]81 Toulon, Le Revest, Fery leg." (4 ɗɗ, 3 ΨΨ, CHF).- "Gall. mer., Pouzi hac, N-ö Nimes | 2.5.1980 leg. E. Ulbrich" (1 ɗ, SMNS).- "Gall. mer. (Herault) Agde 4.-15.4.[19]82 Rieger" (2 ɗɗ, 2 ΨΨ, SMNS).- " Gallia, Dep. Loire, Atlantique | St. Herblain V.1985 " (1 ɗ, 2 ΨΨ, SMNS).- "Etang sur Arroux 26.6.[19]40 Folwaczny" (1 Ψ, SMNS).- " France, Rhonetal 25.7.1973 leg. Lau" (1 ɗ, SMNS).- " Gallia / Ardeche, Vernoux/ Valence, A.6.[19]74, Messulat" (1 ɗ, coll. J. Schönfeld"- dto., nur "M.8.88" (1 Ψ, CJS).- dto., nur "E.7.85" (1 Ψ, CJS).- "F.: Dept. Ardéche: SW Coudon, 12 km S Lablachére. 9.4.[19]90, J. Scheuern leg." (2 ɗɗ, 1 Ψ, CJS).- "Unt. Elsass, Zabern [= Saverne]. Giebeler | Kollektion Giebeler" (1 Ψ, NSMW).- "Marseille. Hmghy." (1 ɗ, coll. Heyden, DEI).- "S. France: (Var), La Sainte Baume. 16–28.V.1921. K. G. Blair" (1 ɗ, NHML).- " Gallia " (3 ɗɗ, NHML).- "Beg-Meil, Finistere 8.03" (2 ɗɗ, coll. Odier, NHML).- "Moulins" (2 ɗɗ, 1 Ψ, coll. Nevinson, NHML).- "Erquy, Cotes du Nord, France, H. D. Preston. 1916-173" (4 ɗɗ, 1 Ψ, NHML).- " France " (1 ɗ, coll. Nevinson, NHML).- "Environs de Bordeau, de Vauloger" (1 ɗ, coll. Nevinson, NHML).- "Perpignan" (1 ɗ, 1 Ψ, coll. Pascoe, NHML).- "Levant, 4385" (1 ɗ, 1 Ψ, NHML).- "Environs de Rouen, de Vauloger" (1 Ψ, coll. Nevinson, NHML).- "Gall. m." (1 Ψ, coll. Nevinson, NHML).- "Bordeaux" (1 Ψ, coll. Pascoe, NHML).- "Environs de Caen, de Vauloger" (1 Ψ, coll.Nevinson, NHML).- "Indre-et-Loire: Pernay, 2.v.1964, J. Rabaça legit" (5 ɗɗ, 2 ΨΨ, CTB).- "Sarthe: La Ferté-Bernard, Pasquier legit" (2 ɗɗ, 2 ΨΨ, CTB).- "Sarthe: Lamnay, bouses, 19.ix.1959, Pasquier legit" (1 ɗ, 1 Ψ, CTB).- Rennes, L. Bleuse, R. Oberthür, Eing. Nr. 4, 1956" (1 ɗ, ZMFK).- "Beziers, Sig. R. Oberthür, Eing. Nr. 4, 1956" (2 ɗɗ, ZMFK).- "Toulouse, Sig. R. Oberthür, Eing. Nr. 4, 1956" (2 ɗɗ, ZMFK).- "Limoges, L. Bleuse, R. Oberthür, Eing. Nr. 4, 1956" (1 Ψ, ZMFK).- "Montpelliere, Onth. vacca, R. Oberthür, Eing. Nr. 4, 1956. requ de R. Dize" (2 ΨΨ, ZMFK).- "Grasse, A.M., Sig. R. Oberthür (Coll Tondu), Eing. Nr. 4, 1956" (1 Ψ, ZMFK).- "Pyren. or., Dr. Balthasar" (1 ɗ, 1 Ψ, NMP).- "Dpt. Vaucluse, Anfang Juni 1898 | Riedel." (3 ɗɗ, 1 Ψ, NMP).- "Le Lavandou, Var, Gall. a. m., ex P. Obenb." (2 ɗɗ, NMP).- "Ga. mer., Esterel, 7.[19]30, Dr. Balthasar" (1 ɗ, NMP).- "Dpt. d’Or, Ende Mai 1898 | Riedel" (2 ΨΨ, NMP). Corsica (France): " Corsica, 1635, Sammlung F. Rüschkamp, Eing. Nr. 1, 1964." (1 Ψ, ZMFK).- "Ajaccio, Corse [leg.] Schneider" (2 ɗɗ, 1 Ψ, ZMHB).- " Corse, Ghisoni, 600 m NN, 10.5.1988, leg. U. Schaffrath" (1 ɗ, ZMHB).- "Tattone, Corsica, 3.VI. [19]12, E. Christeller, Berlin" (2 ɗɗ, 1 Ψ, ZMHB).- "Vizzavona, Corsica, 26.V.19 [12], E. Christeller, Berlin" (1 ɗ, 1 Ψ, ZMHB).- "Boca di Larone/ Korsika, 18.6.1990, leg. Hengmith" (4 ɗɗ, 1 Ψ, ZMHB).- " Korsika, Corte, 13.4.1990, P. Wunderle" (1 ɗ, ZMHB).- "Bonifacio / Corse, in Schafdung, 80 NN, 13.5.1988, leg. Schaffrath" (2 ɗɗ, 1 Ψ, CUS).- "Ghisoni / Corse, in Kuhdung, 600 NN, 10.5.1988, leg. Schaffrath" (1 ɗ, 1 Ψ, CUS).- "1.8.[19]74 Vico (Corse), ca. 800 m, Rinderkot, Fery leg." (2 ɗɗ, 4 ΨΨ, CHF).- "20.7.[19]74 Sierra b. Porto (Corse), Eselskot, Fery leg." (1 ɗ, 2 ΨΨ).- dto., nur " 28.7.74, Rinderkot" (1 ɗ, 1 Ψ, CHF); dto., nur " 8.8.74, Rinderkot" (2 ΨΨ, CHF)- dto., nur " 9.4.79, Rinderkot" (1 Ψ, CHF).- " 8.4.19 [79 Korsika, Francardo, Schafskot, Fery leg." (5 ɗɗ, 6 ΨΨ, CHF).- "13.4.[19]81 Corse, Aleria, Schafskot, Fery leg." (1 ɗ, CHF).- "1.8.[19]74 Evisa (Corse), Rinderkot, Fery leg." (1 ɗ, CHF).- "13.4.[19]79 Korsika, Tuarelli, Rinderkot, Fery leg." (3 ɗɗ, CHF).- "13.7.[19]88 Corse, Rinderkot, Asco, 1000 m, Fery leg." (5 ɗɗ, 3 ΨΨ, CHF).- " Corse: 28.7.1980 Asco. 5 km SW. Scheuern leg." (1 Ψ, SMNS).- " Corse: 28.8.1980 16 km SE Helgodére. Scheuern leg." (2 ɗɗ, 1 Ψ, SMNS).- " Frankreich – Korsika, Chiova d’Asinu, 15.07.1999 leg. Dirk Rohwedder" (1 Ψ, CJS).- " Frankreich – Korsika, Arggiavara, 18.07.1999 leg. Dirk Rohwedder" (1 Ψ, CJS).- " Frankreich – Korsika, Zonza, 18.07.1999 leg. Dirk Rohwedder" (1 Ψ, CJS).- " Corse: SE Belgodére: Col de Colombano, 690 m. Scheuern leg. 28.7.1980 " (1 Ψ, CJS).- " Gallia / Korsika, L’Ospedale A.7.[19]78, Messulat" (1 Ψ, CJS).- " Corse: 5 km sw Asco: 950 m. 29.VIII.1980, Scheuern leg." (2 ΨΨ, CJS).- " Corse: 28.8.1980, 16 km SE Belgodére, Scheuern leg." (1 ɗ, 1 Ψ, CJS).- " Corse: Quenza: 15 km E Aulléne. 3.8.1980, Scheuern leg." (1 Ψ, CJS).- " Gallia / Korsika, Porto Vecchio, A.7.[19]78, Messulat" (1 ɗ, 1 Ψ, CJS).- " Corse: 6.8.1980, 11 km ENE Asco. Scheuern leg." (1 ɗ, 1 Ψ, CJS).- " Corse: 3.VIII.1980, 11 km N Aulléne: Col de la Vacchia, 1200 m, Scheuern leg." (1 ɗ, 1 Ψ, CJS).- " Corsica. Valentiner. Ajaico 20/3[18]79" (8 ɗɗ, 1 Ψ, NSMW).- " Corsica. Valentiner. Bonifa. 9/4[18]79" (2 ΨΨ, NSMW).- " Corsica 12768" 1 Ψ, SMTD).- " Frankreich, Corsica, Umg. Corté, ca. 600 m, 20.05.1994, leg. Ringel" (1 ɗ, 1 Ψ, CHR).- " Frankreich, Corsica, Berg d’Alzo und Gorges de la Restonica, ca. 1300 m, 22.05.1994, leg. Ringel" (2 ɗɗ, 1 Ψ, CHR).- " Corsica, Vissavona Juli [18]99, W.Liebmann" (1 Ψ, DEI).- " Corsica 1905, Aleria, Coll. O. Leonhard" (1 ɗ, DEI).- " Corsica 1905, Bastia, Coll. O. Leonhard" (1 Ψ, DEI).- " Corsica V/75, Col de Bavella, Hüdepohl" (1 Ψ, ZSM).- " Corsica V/75 Foret de Zonza, Hüdepohl" (1 ɗ, ZSM).- " Korsika, Corte, [leg.] P. Wunderle, 13.4.1990 " (1 Ψ, CLS).- " France / Korsika, U. Corte, Val de la Restonica, 13.IV. 1990, 700 m, l. V. Assing" (1 ɗ, CLS).- " Corsica: Asco. Sept. & Oct. 1907. Dr. Forsyth Major. B. M. 1927-6" (1 ɗ, NHML).- "Corte, Corsica. G. C. C." (1 Ψ, coll. G. C. Champion, NHML).- "Vizzavona, Corsica. G. C. C. 2500–4000 ft." (3 ɗɗ, 3 ΨΨ, NHML).- " Corsica. Whitehead." (3 ΨΨ, NHML).- " Corse, Corse-du-Sud, Chiova-d'Asino, 15.07.1999, leg. Dirk Rohwedder" (4 ɗɗ, 3 ΨΨ, CDR).- " Corse, Corse-du-Sud, Zonza, 18.07.1999, leg. Dirk Rohwedder" (2 ɗɗ, 3 ΨΨ, CDR).- " Corse, Corse-du-Sud, Argiavara, 18.07.1999, leg. Dirk Rohwedder" (2 ΨΨ, CDR).- " Korsika, Dr. Frank" (1 ɗ, NMP).- " Corse: forêt de Vizzavona, 900–1100 m, V-1955, [leg.] G. Fagel" (1 Ψ, NMP).- " Corsica occ., Porto env., leg. K. Hûrka, 26.– 30.6.1999 " (1 Ψ, NMP).- " Korsika, 12 km SSE St. Florent: Col de San Stefano, 27.07.1980, leg. J. Scheuern” (3 ɗɗ, 3 ΨΨ, CJS).- " Korsika, SE Belgodère: Col de Colombano, 690 m, 28.07.1980, leg. J. Scheuern” (4 ɗɗ, 2 ΨΨ, CJS).- " Korsika, 34 km ENE Porto: Col de Vergia, 1450 m, 30.07.1980, leg. J. Scheuern" (1 ɗ, CJS).- " Korsika, 16 km SE Belgodère: Navaccia-Tal; 2 km SE Abzweigung nach Novella, 28.07.1980, leg. J. Scheuern" (3 ɗɗ, 7 ΨΨ, CJS).- " Korsika, 13 km W Ajaccio: Abzweigung nach Appettio, 31.07.1980, leg. J. Scheuern" (1 Ψ, 1 Ψ, CJS).- " Korsika, Asco, 28.07.1980, leg. J. Scheuern” (2 ɗɗ, CJS).- " Korsika, 11 km N Aullène: Col de La Vaccio, 1200 m, 0 3.08.1980, leg. J. Scheuern" (4 ΨΨ, CJS). Spain: " Spanien, Prov. Teruel, Mas de las Matas (13 km sö Alcorisa), 500 m, 17.– 21.VI.1992, leg. E. Rößner" (1 ɗ, CER).- "E.-Teruel, San Just, Palomar de Arroyos, 21.4.2004, K. Hadulla leg." (2 ΨΨ, CKHa).- " Spain, Cadiz, Jimena de la Frontera, 5.–6.VI.1991, Wrase" (1 ɗ, CER).- " Spain, Cadiz, San Roque, 28.V.–4.VI.1991, Wrase" (1 Ψ, CER).- " Spain, Caceres, Charca del Carrizo (S Brozas) 350 m, 20.VI.1991, Wrase" (2 ɗɗ, CER).- " Spanien, Morella, Prov. Castellon de la Plana, 1000 m, 19./ 20.VI.1992, leg. A. Schröder" (4 ɗɗ, 2 ΨΨ, CER).- dto., nur "leg. H. Kalz" (8 ɗɗ, 12 ΨΨ, CHKa).- "Algeciras, Andalusien, Prof. G.Strobl" (1 Ψ, ZMHB).- "Andalusia" (2 ɗɗ, ZMHB).- "Südspanien, Prof. G. Strobl" (1 ɗ, ZMHB).- "Lusit." (1ɗ, ZMHB).- "P. Andalucia/ Esp., Granada, 6.4.[19]74, W. Ziegler leg." (1 Ψ, CEH).- "E, Prov. Alicante, Sierra de Aitana, 17.3.19 [74], Meybohm lg." (1Ψ, CEH).- " Spanien / Andalusien, Sierra Morena ca. 500 m, S. Ollala, 12.– 13.03.1985, leg. Hendrich/Herzig" (8 ɗɗ, 6 ΨΨ, COH).- " Espana, Catalonia, Ripoll, 30.VI.1994, leg. Hornburg" (1 ɗ, COH).- " Spanien (Andalicia), Tarifa bei Algeciras, 0 4.03.1998, Pferdekot, leg. Hillert" (13 ɗɗ, 8 ΨΨ, COH).- " Spanien (Andalucia), Conil de la Frontera (Vejer- Cadiz), Pferdekot, 0 7.03.1998, leg. Hillert" (4 ɗɗ, 4 ΨΨ, COH).- " Spanien (Andalucia), Rota bei Cadiz, Pferdekot, 0 8.03.1998, leg. Hillert" (2 ɗɗ, 3 ΨΨ, COH).- " Spanien (Andalucia), Medina Sidona (Cadiz), Rinderkot, 0 8.03.1998, leg. Hillert" (4 ɗɗ, 2 ΨΨ, COH).- "Cadiz Spanien, San Roqũe 18.3.[19]84" (1 ɗ, 1 Ψ, CRP).- " Spanien (Andalucia), Sierra de Fates, bei Tarifa, Rinderkot, 0 5.03.1998, leg. Hillert" (1ɗ, 1 Ψ, COH).- " Spanien, Andalusien, Prov. Cadiz, Tarifa, leg. Bellmann 30.03.1998 " (1 Ψ, CAB).- " Spanien (Andalucia), Grazalema bei Ronda, Sierra Margarita, Rinderkot, 10.03.1998, leg. Hillert" (1 ɗ, 2 ΨΨ, COH).- " Spanien Anadalusien, Prov. Malaga, Ronda, leg. Bellmann 27.03.1998 " (5 ɗɗ, 2 ΨΨ, CAB).- "18.3.[19]86 Espagna, Pr. Malaga, Ronda, Benaojan, Schafskot, Fery leg." (1 ɗ, 2 ΨΨ, CHF).- " Spanien (Andalucia), Zahara de los Atunes (Vejer-Tarifa), Ziegenkot, 0 6.03.1998, leg. Hillert" (1 Ψ, COH).- "4.8.[19]85 Espagna, Sierra Nevada, Laujar südl. Puerto d. l. Ragua, Rinderkot, ca. 1800 m, Fery leg." (1 ɗ, CHF).- "30.3.[19]86 Espagna westl. Zaragoza, Schafskot, Fery leg." (1 ɗ, CHF).- "1.1.[19]84 Cadiz, Rinderkot, Fery leg." (1 ɗ, CHF).- "8.8.[19]84 Espagna, Prov. Cadiz (Andalus.), Barbate, Rinderkot, Fery leg." (1 Ψ, CHF).- "22.5.[19]90 Espana, Prov. Burgos, Arlanzon, Rinderkot, Fery leg." (2 ɗɗ, 1 Ψ, CHF).- "27.8.[19]89 Espana, Prov. Burgos, Arlanzon, Pineda de la Sierra, Eselskot, Fery leg." (4 ɗɗ, 2 ΨΨ, CHF).- "15.6.[19]90 Espana, Prov. Teruel, S. d. Albarricin, Orihuela de Tremedal, Schafskot, ca. 1500 m, Fery leg." (3 ɗɗ, 1 Ψ, CHF).- " 31.3.1972 Spanien, Playa (Costa Brava) leg. D. Harde" (1 ɗ, 7 ΨΨ, SMNS).- "Hisp. Costa Brava, Playa de Aro 13.–31.V.1973 R. Köstlin leg." (2 ɗɗ, SMNS).- " Spanien 19.5.1971 Pto de Contreras, M.A.Ertel leg." (1ɗ, SMNS).- " Spanien, Costa Brava, Estartit 14.5.1980 H. u. K. W. Harde leg." (3 ΨΨ, SMNS).- "E-Prov. Castellon, W Morella 800 m, 19.4.1984 W. Schawaller leg." (1 Ψ, SMNS).- "SP.: 25.4.1987 Sierra Nevada: 800 m, Orgivs-Capileira, Scheuern leg." (2 ΨΨ, SMNS).- "Estella 10.4.[19]55 D" (1 ɗ, SMNS).- " Spanien, Prov. Cadiz, La Linea 10 m, 15.5.[19]83" (1 ɗ, 1 Ψ, CHB).- "Andalusien, Sierra Bermeja, April 1965 leg. E. Gersdorf" (1 ɗ, 1 Ψ, CJS).- "Andalusien, Guediaro, April 1965, leg. E. Gersdorf" (1 Ψ, CJS).- "SP.: 19.4.1984, Prov. Castellon: W Morella, 800 m, Rio Bergantes. Scheuern leg." (2 ΨΨ, CJS).- "SP.: 25.4.1987, Sierra Nevada: 800 m, Orgivs-Capileira. Scheuern leg." (2 ΨΨ, CJS).- "Katalonien, Blanes 4.[19]60 leg. Gersdorf" (2 ΨΨ, CJS).- "S[an]. Ildefonso Hispania " (1 Ψ, SMTD).- "Andalusien Std., Coll. Kraatz" (2 ɗɗ, DEI).- "Algeciras 7.7.[18]98, Coll. Kraatz" (1 ɗ, 1 Ψ, DEI).- "Ponferrada, Paganetti, Coll. O. Leonhard" (1 ɗ, DEI).- "Andalus. Wltl" (1 ɗ, 1 Ψ, coll. Heyden, DEI).- "Lusitan. Dyrll." (1 Ψ, coll. Heyden, DEI).- "Lanjaron 30.5.[18]95" (1 Ψ, ZSM).- dto., nur " 26.6.95 " (1 ɗ, ZSM).- " Spanien / Granada, U. Capileira, Alpujarra, 2100 m, 0 5.08.1991, leg. B. Rauhut" (1 ɗ, CLS).- " Spain, U. Barcelona, E Loret de Mar, Macchie/ Pferdekot, 30.03.1986, leg. P. Sprick" (1 Ψ, CLS).- " Spanien, Prov.Caceres, Extremadura, Coria, 270 m, 0 4.04.2007, leg. Dirk Frenzel" (1ɗ, CDF).- " Spanien, Prov. Caceres, Extremadura, NE von Zarza la Mayor 39° 55’ 48’’ N, 6° 48’ 27’’ W, 370 m, 31.III.2007 leg. J. Weipert" (1 ɗ, CJW).- " Spain: Sierra de Guadarrama. viii.1927. B. Uvarov." (1 ɗ, 2 ΨΨ, NHML).- "Avila. Spain. G. C. C." (1 ɗ, coll. G. C. Champion, NHML).- "Canales, Pr. Logrono, Spain. G. C. C." (2 ΨΨ, coll. G. C. Champion, NHML).- "La Granja, Spain, G. C. C." (2 ΨΨ, coll. C. C. Champion, NHML).- "Algeciras, Dr. Cameron " (1 ɗ, 1 Ψ, NHML).- " Spain: Granada, Granada-Mulhacen Rd., Mt. Mulhacen, 2250 m. 21.V.1967 " (2 ɗɗ, coll. M. E. Bacchus & B. Levey, NHML).- "Lusitan" (1 Ψ, coll. Fry, NHML).- "E/ nö Tarifa, Embalse de Almodovar, 13.4.2007, W. Ziegler" (2 ΨΨ, CWZ).- "E/ Costa de la Luz, El Palmar, sü. Conil, 15.4.2007, W. Ziegler" (2 ɗɗ, 2 ΨΨ, CWZ).- "E/ Rio Guadalquivir, Trebujena nö Sanlúcar, 9.4.2007, W. Ziegler" (1 Ψ, CWZ).- " Spain, Higuera de la Sierra 490 m (295732892, 4177527) 09.06.2008 " (3 ɗɗ, ex coll. A. Pizzo, NHML).- " Spain, Guadix 1000 m (305472647, 4R5726) 14., 15., 18.vi.2008 " (3 ɗɗ, ex coll. A. Pizzo, NHML).- " Gibraltar ", 94-58" (1 ɗ, NHML).- " Gibraltar " (5 ɗɗ, 4 ΨΨ, coll. G. C. Champion, NHML).- " Espagne: Castille, Puerto de Bejar, 800–1400 m, V.–VI. 1957, [leg.] G. Fagel" (1 ɗ, 1 Ψ, NMP).- "Hispanie Algeciras" (1 Ψ, NMP).- "S. Spanien, Sierra Morena | ex coll. Dr. Kallert Hamburg" (1 Ψ, NMP).- "Hispanie Cordoba" (1 ɗ, 1 Ψ, NMP). Portugal: "P., A. Alenteo, UG Gavião: Lomenda, ca. 200 NN, 10.5.1991, leg. Schaffrath" (1 ɗ, CUS).- "PAL-Europa-Portugal, Algarve, Westküste 10 km N Odeceixe 25.6.2001 R. Peschel" (1 ɗ, 2 ΨΨ, CRP).- "P: Algarve, Sagres IV.1987 leg. G. Sama" (1 ɗ, 1 Ψ, SMNS).- " Portugal, Cercal S. Sant[iago] do Cacem, 21.VI.1982, J. Hemmen leg." (4 ɗɗ, 2 ΨΨ, NSMW).- "Aljezur: Aljezur, 13.vi.2001, T. Branco legit" (2 ΨΨ, CTB).- "Aljezur: Bordeira, 14.vi.2002, T. Branco legit" (1 ɗ, CTB).- "Monchique: Foia, 13.vi.2001, T. Branco legit" (1 Ψ, CTB).- dto., nur " 13.vi.2002 " (2 ɗɗ, 3 ΨΨ, CTB).- "Portimão: Portimão, 27.vi.1979, M.L.Correia legit" (2 ɗɗ, CTB).- "Silves: Armação de Pera, 28.v.2002, T. Branco legit" (1 ɗ, 1 Ψ, CTB).- "Vila do Bispo: Vila do Bispo, 10.vi.2002, T. Branco legit" (2 ɗɗ, 1 Ψ, CTB).- "Alter do Chão: Alter Pedroso, 13.iii.2006, T. Branco legit" (1 ɗ, 3 ΨΨ, CTB).- dto., nur " 15.iii.2006 " (2 ΨΨ, CTB).- "Avis: Ervedal, 12.iii.2006, T. Branco legit" (1 Ψ, CTB).- "Borba: Borba, 9.iv.1977, T. Branco & A. Zuzarte legit" (4 ɗɗ, 3 ΨΨ, CTB).- "Estremoz: Veiros, Vale das Quintas, 16.iv.1976, A. Zuzarte legit" (1 ɗ, CTB).- "Estremoz: Veiros, Vale das Quintas, 2.iv.1977, A. Zuzarte legit" (1 ɗ, CTB).- "Estremoz: Venda da Porca, 11.iii.2006, T. Branco legit" (1 Ψ, CTB).- "Fronteira: Herdade Grande, 7.iv.1977, T. Branco & A. Zuzarte legit" (1 ɗ, 1 Ψ, CTB).- "Marvão: Porto de Espada, 12.v.1999, A. Zuzarte legit" (3 ΨΨ, CTB).- dto., nur "pitfall, 12–26.v.1999 " (1 Ψ, CTB).- dto., nur " 26.v.1999 " (1 Ψ, CTB).- "Marvão: Vale de Rodão, pitfall, 12–26.v.1999, A. Zuzarte legit" (1 Ψ, CTB).- "Monforte: Herdade das Lagens, 16.iii.2007, A. Zuzarte legit" (1 ɗ, 6 ΨΨ, CTB).- dto., nur " 29.iii.2007 " (1 ɗ, 3 ΨΨ, CTB).- "Monforte: Herdade da Palmeira, 27.x.1998, A. Zuzarte legit" (1 Ψ, CTB).- "Mora: Montinho das Ferrarias, 9.iii.1979, A. Zuzarte legit" (1 ɗ, CTB).- "Mourão: Granja, 12.iv.1987, T. Branco legit" (5 ɗɗ, 6 ΨΨ, CTB).- dto, nur " 14.iv.1987 " (1 ɗ, CTB).- "Mourão: Luz, 14.iv.1987, T. Branco legit" (3 ɗɗ, CTB).- "Mourão: Mourão, 15.iv.1987, T. Branco legit" (1 Ψ, CTB).- "Portalegre: Cruz do Cume, pitfall, 28.iv–12.v.1999, A. Zuzarte legit" (1 ɗ, 1 Ψ, CTB).- "Portalegre: Frei Álvaro, 7.iii.2000, A. Zuzarte legit" (1 Ψ, CTB).- dto., nur "pitfall, 29.iii–12.iv.2000 " (1 ɗ, 1 Ψ, CTB).- "Sousel: Santo Amaro, 8.iv.1977, T. Branco & A. Zuzarte legit" (2 ɗɗ, 7 ΨΨ, CTB).- dto., nur " 25.v.2001 " (1 Ψ, CTB).- dto., nur " 9.iv.2007 " (1 ɗ, 2 ΨΨ, CTB).- "Sousel: Sousel, 13.iii.2006, T. Branco legit" (3 ΨΨ, CTB).- "Almodôvar: Santa Clara-a-Nova, Pegos de Horta, 16.ii.2003, T. Branco legit" (1 ɗ, CTB).- "Ferreira do Alentejo: Aldeia de Ruins, 19.ii.2006, T. Branco legit" (1 Ψ, CTB).- "Grândola: Azinheira dos Barros, 22.ii.2006, T. Branco legit" (2 ΨΨ, CTB).- "Mértola: Espírito Santo, 30.iii.2007, T. Branco legit" (1 Ψ, CTB).- "Odemira: Odemira, 16.iv.1982, T. Branco legit" (1 ɗ, CTB).- "Serpa: Guadalupe, 6.x.1999, T. Branco legit" (1 ɗ, CTB).- "Manteigas: Nave de S to. António (Serra da Estrela), 1540 m, 5.vii.2002, T. Branco legit" (10 ɗɗ, 9 ΨΨ, CTB).- dto., nur " 6.vii.2002 " (2 ɗɗ, 2 ΨΨ, CTB).- "Seia: Sabugueiro (Serra da Estrela), 10–11.v.1986, T. Branco legit" (2 ɗɗ, 3 ΨΨ, CTB).- "Belmonte: Inguias, iii.1962, J. Matos legit" (1 ɗ, CTB).- "Castelo Branco: Malpica do Tejo, 18.iii.2003, T. Branco legit" (1 Ψ, CTB).- dto., nur" 21.iii.2003 " (3 ɗɗ, 2 ΨΨ, CTB).- "Idanha-a-Nova: Idanha-a-Velha, 17.iii.2003, T. Branco legit" (2 ΨΨ, CTB).- dto., nur " 20.iii.2003 " (3 ɗɗ, 4 ΨΨ, CTB).- "Póvoa do Varzim: Aguçadoura, 27.iv.1975, F. Figueiredo legit" (1 ɗ, CTB).- "Resende: S. Cipriano, 22–24.v.1977, J. Ramalho legit" (1 ɗ, 1 Ψ, CTB).- "Santo Tirso: Monte Córdova, 24.vi.1973, F. Figueiredo legit" (1 Ψ, CTB).- "Vila do Conde: Azurara, 2.iii.1980, T. Branco legit" (1 Ψ, CTB).- "Vila do Conde: Vila do Conde, 10.viii.1977, T. Branco legit" (1 ɗ, 8 ΨΨ, CTB).- "Cascais: S. João do Estoril, 22.iii.1969, T. Branco legit" (4 ɗɗ, 1 Ψ, CTB).- dto., nur " 4.v.1969 " (2 ɗɗ, CTB).- "Oeiras: Cruz-Quebrada, iii.1963, T. Branco legit " (1 ɗ, 1 Ψ, CTB).- dto., nur " iv.1963 " (2 ΨΨ, CTB).- dto., nur " 5.v.1963 " (2 ɗɗ, 1 Ψ, CTB).- dto., nur " 19.iv.1964 " (1 Ψ, CTB).- dto., nur " 24.X.1964 " (1 Ψ, CTB).- "Sintra: Rio de Mouro, 12.iii.1961, L. Ambar legit" (1 ɗ, CTB).- dto., nur " 28.v.1967 " (1 ɗ, CTB).- "Arcos de Valdevez: Serra do Soajo, 10.iv.1973, F. Figueiredo legit" (1 ɗ, CTB).- dto. nur " 11.vii.1976 " (1 ɗ, CTB).- "Arcos de Valdevez: Mezio (Serra do Soajo), 18.viii.1974, T. Branco legit" (1 Ψ, CTB).- "Póvoa de Lanhoso: Serra de S.Mamede de Penafiel, F. Figueiredo legit" (1 ɗ, CTB).- "Terras de Bouro: Serra do Gerês, 1.vi.1972, F. Figueiredo legit" (5 ɗɗ, 1 Ψ, CTB).- dto., nur " 2.vii.1972 " (1 Ψ, CTB).- dto., nur " 8.vii.1972 " (3 ɗɗ, CTB).- "Viana do Castelo: Bretial (Serra de Arga), 19.iv.1979, T. Branco legit" (2 ɗɗ, CTB).- "Vieira do Minho: Serra da Cabreira, 1.iv.1973, T. Branco legit" (1 Ψ, CTB).- dto., nur " 9.vi.1973 " (1 Ψ, CTB).- dto, nur " 15.viii.1975 " (2 ɗɗ, CTB).- dto., nur " 20.vii.1975 " (7 ɗɗ, 5 ΨΨ, CTB).- dto., nur " 4.vii.1976 " (2ɗɗ, CTB).- "Coruche: Coruche, 20.iii.1975, T. Branco legit" (1 ɗ, 1 Ψ, CTB).- "Coruche: Monte da Barca, 25.ii.1979, A. Zuzarte legit" (2 ɗɗ, 1 Ψ, CTB).- dto., nur " 11.iv.1987 " (1 ɗ, CTB).- "Coruche: Santana do Mato, 20.iv.1979, A. Zuzarte legit" (1 ɗ, CTB).- "Salvaterra de Magos: Muge, 18.iii.1967, T. Branco legit" (1 ɗ, CTB).- dto., nur " 25.iii.1967 " (2 ɗɗ, 2 ΨΨ, CTB).- dto., nur " 9.iv.1967 " (1 Ψ, CTB).- dto., nur " 13.iv.1973 " (1 Ψ, CTB).- dto., nur " 13.iv.1974 " (1 Ψ, CTBH).- dto., nur " 15.iii.1975 " (1 Ψ, CTB).- dto., nur " 23.iii.1975 " (2 ɗɗ, 7 ΨΨ, CTB).- dto., nur " 29.iii.1986 " (1 Ψ, CTB).- "Vila Franca de Xira: Vila Franca de Xira, 9.iv.1986, T. Branco legit" (7 ɗɗ, 8 ΨΨ, CTB).- "Bragança: Martim (Serra de Nogueira), 11.viii.1984, T. Branco legit" (4 ɗɗ, 2 ΨΨ, CTB).- "Bragança: Meixedo, 23.v.2007, T. Branco legit" (1 ɗ, 2 ΨΨ, CTB).- "Bragança: Rabal, 22.v.2007, T. Branco legit" (1 ɗ, CTB).- "Miranda do Douro: Fonte d’Aldeia, 3.vii.2001, T. Branco legit" (5 ɗɗ, 9 ΨΨ, CTB).- "Miranda do Douro: Vila Chã de Braciosa, 3.vii.2001, T. Branco legit" (2 ΨΨ, CTB).- "Vila Pouca de Aguiar: Serra da Padrela, 28.iv.1984, T. Branco legit" (1 Ψ, CTB).- "Vinhais: Quadra, 21.v.2007, T. Branco legit" (1 Ψ, CTB). Italy: " Italien, I. Capri, 14.03.[19]03" (1 ɗ, ZMHB).- "Dr. Feige, Roma, Monte Cavo" (1 ɗ, ZMHB).- "Calabria, Corare, 7.IV. [18]83" (1 ɗ, 1 Ψ, ZMHB).- "17.6.[19]83 Calabria, Cosenza, Rinderkot, Fery leg." (1 ɗ, CHF).- "Lucania, Policoro (MT) 17-VI-1976 leg. Angelini F. | sotto sterco bovino" (2 ΨΨ, SMNS).- "Calabria Antonimina g. Paganetti" (1 ɗ, SMNS).- "Calabria Cimina, Paganetti" (1 ɗ, SMNS).- "It. Apul., Corato 22.IV. [19]78 Köstlin leg." (1 Ψ, SMNS).- "Umbrien Italia " (2 ΨΨ, SMTD).- "Neapel, coll. Stierlin" (1 ɗ, 1 Ψ, DEI).- "Umgbg. v. Rom 1902, Castel Gandolfo 13.10" (1 ɗ, 1 Ψ, NMP).- "Salerno-Paestum, Italia - 1.7.1972, lgt. Dr. Z. Pádr" (1 Ψ, NMP).- "Calabria, Cimina, lg. Paganetti" (1 Ψ, DEI).- "Brindisi" (1 ɗ, coll. Nevinson, NHML).- "Amalfi, Italy. T. A. C." (1 ɗ, coll. G. C. Champion, NHML).- " Italy, St. Antioco, Dunes arround Tonnara (1 km S Calasetta), 10 m, 39°04’54,0’’ N, 08°21’34,6’’ E, 12.vi.2008, Ahrens & Fabrizi" (3 ɗɗ, NHML).- " Italy, Pantano della Zottola, Iserina (E 424539, N 4619338), 13.06.2007 " (1 Ψ, NHML).- "Sicil., [leg.] Grohm[ann]." (1 ɗ, ZMHB).- "Sicilien, Palermo, ex coll. Dr. Studt G." (1 Ψ, ZMHB).- " Italia, NO-Sizilien Randazzo, 25.5.2006, W. Ziegler" (1 ɗ, 2 ΨΨ, CWZ).- "26.3.[19]83 Sicilia, Castelbuono, 600 m, Pferdekot, Fery leg." (1 ɗ, 2 ΨΨ, CHF).- "22.3.[19]83 Sicilia, Campofelica, Menschenkot, Fery leg." (1 Ψ, CHF).- "Sicilien Messina. 2.5.[19]43" (2 ɗɗ, 2 ΨΨ, SMNS).- "Sicilien. Valentiner. Palermo 14/4[18]80" (1 ɗ, NSMW).- "Catania Sicil., S. G. Strand" (1 ɗ, NSMW).- " Italien / Sizilien-Nord, Parco delle Madonie, Gratteri, 16.V. [20]06 leg. H. Sparmberg" (1 Ψ, CHS).- "Sicilia, Randazzo, 3.5.[19]33, W. Liebmann" (1 ɗ, DEI).- "Sicil. | Kiesenwetter" (1 Ψ, ZSM).- "Palermo" (1 ɗ, coll. G. C. Champion, NHML).- "Sardegna, Cagliari, Pula, 18.05.1987, leg. Karl Hadulla" (4 ɗɗ, 3 ΨΨ, CDR).- "Sardinien, San Teodoro, 05.V.1992, leg. A. Kleeberg" (1 ɗ, CER).- "Sardagne, Cabras, 23.V. [18]90" (1 ɗ, 1 Ψ, ZMHB).- " Italy Sardegna, Nuoro, 7 km NE of Desulo 1300 m. 28- IV-1982, P. Kanaar" (1 ɗ, CRP).- " Italy Sardegna, Cagliari, 10 km NNW Teulada, 2-V-1982 leg. P. Kanaar" (1 ɗ, CRP).- "Taccu, Nur. Sanu, 815, 8.4.[19]74" (1 ɗ, CAB).- "Ulassai, Terralba, 170, 9.4.[19]74" (1 Ψ, CAB).- "Sardinien, SE, Foresta di Monturba, 15 km nördl. von Lanusei, ca. 800 m, 18.VI.2006, leg. W. Apfel" (8 ɗɗ, 12 ΨΨ, CWA).- "12.7.[19]81 Fertilia, Sardinien, Rinderkot, Fery leg." (1 ɗ, 3 ΨΨ, CHF).- "Sardinien, Bristr... IV 14 Grist... | Coll. Piesbergen" (2ɗɗ, 1 Ψ, SMNS).- "Sardinien: NU Pso. Arcueri 980 m, 20.IV.1992 leg. Schawaller" (4 ɗɗ, 4 ΨΨ, SMNS).- "Sardinia, Pula, 5.–12.6.[19] 23 W. Liebmann" (1 Ψ, SMNS).- "Sardinia Oristano, Frkl. Müller" (5 ɗɗ, 4 ΨΨ, SMTD).- "Sardinia. Aritzo. Mte. Genargentu, Geo. C. Krüger" (3 ɗɗ, 2 ΨΨ, DEI).- "Sardin. Asuni, Krausse 5.1909" (1 Ψ, DEI).- "Sardinia" (3 ΨΨ, SMTD).- "Sardin. Hndsch." (3 ɗɗ, 3 ΨΨ, coll. Heyden, DEI).- "Sardinien, N Bolotana, 18.04.2007, leg. H. Kalz" (1 Ψ, CHKa).- "Sardinien, Umgebung Nuoro, 14.04.2007, leg. H. Kalz" (2 ΨΨ, CHKa).- "Ostküste Sardinien, Umg. S.-Lucia, 18.04.2007, leg. H. Kalz" (1 Ψ, CHKa).- "Sardegna, Olbia IV.73 Hüdepohl" (7 ɗɗ, 5 ΨΨ, ZSM).- Sardegna, Umg. Nuoro, Hüdepohl 6/76" (1 ɗ, ZSM).- "Oristano 3.6.[19]08" (1 ɗ, ZSM).- dto., nur " 24.5.08 " (1 Ψ, ZSM).- " Italia, Sardinia, Cat. d. Marghine, Mt. Palai 1000 m, Laub, 12.X. [19]89, [leg.] Wunderle" (1 ɗ, CLS).- "Sardinien, Villanova Stusali, 25.VIII.1980, leg. Wunderle" (1 Ψ, CLS).- "Sard., 3 km NW v. Lago alto di Flamend., 25.08.1980, leg. Wunderle" (1 ɗ, CLS).- "Nuoro: Dorgali, v.1970, Castellini legit" (1 ɗ, 1 Ψ, CTB).- " Italy, Sardinia (W coast): Rio Antas valley, Fluminimaggiore-Tempio di Antas, 222 m, 39°24’15,5’’ N, 08°28’20,8’’ E 10.vi.2008, Ahrens & Fabrizi" (1 ɗ, 2 ΨΨ, NHML).- " Italy, Cala Gonone, Sardinia, 12.vi.2007, C. Gillet" (1 ɗ, NHML).- " Italia, Sardegna (Nuoro), Cala Gonone, 12.vi.2007, Quercus forest, leg. C.P.D.T. Gillet" (1 ɗ, NHML). "Sardinien, Santa Margherita Pula, Cagliari, 15.05.– 04.06.1987, leg. K. Hadulla” (11 ɗɗ, 10 ΨΨ, CKHa).- "Sardinien, Sant’ Antioco, 23.05.1987, leg. K. Hadulla" (1 ɗ, CKHa).- "Sardinien, Sinas: N San Salvatore, 14.04.1992, leg. J. Scheuern” (1 ɗ, CJS).- "Sardinien, CA: Porto Teulada, 16.04.1992, leg. J. Scheuern” (2 ɗɗ, CJS).- "Sardinien, NU: Bau e Mela, 850 m, 21.04.1992, leg. J. Scheuern" (2 ɗɗ, 3 ΨΨ, CJS). Germany: " German. St." (1 ɗ, 1 Ψ, coll. Heyden, DEI).- "Germ." (1 Ψ, ZSM).- "Monachium [= München]" (1 ɗ, ZSM).- "Hartmannshf. [= Hartmannshof] 19.06.[19]06 | München H. Kulzer" (1 Ψ, ZSM).- "Schleissheim 4.6.[19]04 | München H. Kulzer" (1 ɗ, ZSM).- dto., nur " 27.6.07 " (1 ɗ, ZSM).- "Bavaria Steinhal | Museum antiquum." (1 ɗ, SMTD). Austria: "St. Michel, Styria [Sankt Michael in Obersteiermarkt]" (1 Ψ, ZMHB).- " Hungaria, Leitha-Geb., 13.5.[19]07" (1 ɗ, ZMHB).- "Burgenland, Neusiedl" (1 Ψ, ZMHB).- "3.4.[19]74 Nähe Apetlon, Austria, Neusiedler See, Pferdekot, Fery leg." (1 ɗ, CHF).- " 3.VI.1928. Umgebung Apetlon am Neusiedler See" (1 Ψ, SMTD).- " Austria, Baden bei Wien 1866 e coll A. Fiedler" (2 ɗɗ, 1 Ψ, SMNS).- "Illmitz Nsdlsee 5.[19]65 Folwaczny" (1 Ψ, SMNS).- "Neusiedler See, leg. R. Zimmermann, Juli [19]46, Schmidt" (1 Ψ, SMTD).- "Aust." (5 ɗɗ, 1 Ψ, ZMHB).- "Burgenland, Hölle, 25.05.2001, leg. Dirk Rohwedder" (1 Ψ, CDR).- "Neusiedl. See u. Ug., Austria, Dr. Lechner" (1 ɗ, ZMFK).- "Lainz-Wien, April 1954, Dr. H. Lechner" (1 ɗ, ZMFK).- " Österreich Wien | ex coll. Dr. Kallert Hamburg" (1 ɗ, NMP).- " Austria inf. | Mus. Pragense, Col. Kambersky” (1 Ψ, NMP). Czech Republic: "Strakonice" (1 ɗ NMP).- " ČSR. Moravia, Pozdřany, V/29. [leg.] A. Hofer" (1 Ψ, NMP).- "Dĕvin. Nová Ves, [leg.] Roland" (1 Ψ, NMP).- "Benešov 7.1949, [leg.] Pradáč” (1 ɗ, NMP).- "Mus. Pragense, Boh." (2 ɗɗ, NMP).- "Moravia" (2 ɗɗ, 1 Ψ, NMP).- "Schlesien | W. Koltze Hamburg" (1 ɗ, NMP). Slovakia: "Košice V. 1937 " (1 Ψ, SMNS).- "Košice leg. Olexa 5-[19]49" (1 Ψ, SMNS).- " Slovaquie, Košice V.[19]37 coll. Pospišil" (1 Ψ, SMTD).- " Slovakia mer., Opat. N. Ves 18.5.1993, A. Trmal lgt." (1 ɗ, CHB).- "Bolesó Hung: Com: Trencsen [= Trenčin]" (1 Ψ, SMTD).- " Slovakia 1935. Gbely, 12.V., [leg.] O. Kodym" (1 Ψ, NMP).- "Bratislava, [leg.] Roland” (1 Ψ, NMP).- "Bratislava, [leg.] O. Kavan” (1 Ψ, NMP).- "Vyhorlat, Slovakia or., Europa centr., lgt. Privora - 23.IV. [19]52” (2 ΨΨ, NMP).- "Dobšiná Slov. 25.7.1948 ” (1 Ψ, NMP).- "Trnava Tchécosl.” (1 Ψ, NMP).- "Slovakei” (1 ɗ, NMP).- " Slovakia, Senica 1935. 7.V. [leg.] O. Kodym" (1 ɗ, NMP).- "Slov. merid., Štúrovo, Ing. Kouřil" (1 Ψ, NMP). Hungary: "Ujpest, Hungaria " (1 ɗ, ZMHB).- "Ujpest Ungarn " (1 ɗ, 2 ΨΨ, SMTD).- "HU Batorliget, Zab.-Szat.-Ber. 22.06.2005, leg. H. Müller" (1 Ψ, CHM).- " Hungary: Papa. E. Horvath." (1 ɗ, 1 Ψ, NHML).- "Hung." (2 ɗɗ, 1 Ψ, ZMHB).- " Ungarn " (1 ɗ, SMNS).- " Ungarn | Kollektion Dr. Fuchs" (1 ɗ, CHJ).- " Ungarn | Kollektion Dr. Fuchs" (1 Ψ, NSMW).- "Hung." (1 Ψ, ZSM).- " Ungarn " (3 ΨΨ, ZSM).- " Hungary " (1 ɗ, NHML).- Budapest, Hungaria, Miex Coll. Missionshaus SVD Steyl, Eing. Nr. 3/ 59" (1 Ψ, ZMFK).- " Ungarn | W. Koltze Hamburg” (1 ɗ, 1 Ψ, NMP).- "Vagsellyger Umg., Pressb. Comit. Béla Drexler" (1 Ψ, ZMHB).- Ukraine: "V[elikiye]. Komyaty, Podk[arpatská]. Rus, Danihelka lgt." (1 ɗ, 2 ΨΨ, NMP).- "Kuzy S. WI., Podk[arpatská]. Rus, Dr. Kli…" (3 ɗɗ, 2 ΨΨ, NMP).- "Čonok- Podk[arpatská]. Rus, [leg.] Eisenschimmel" (1 ɗ, 1 Ψ, NMP).- "SU: Charkow, Wereschakowka, 18.IV.1939, leg. M. Pamjanit" (1 Ψ, ZMHB).- "Umgeb. Kiew, Dorf Bylitschi 9.5.1919, leg. Dragomirow" (1 Ψ, ZMHB).- "Kiew, Umgb. Pustscha Wodiza, 26.5.1919, leg. Schpett" (1 ɗ, ZMHB).- "Tschernin, 1922, Tarastsch. ujesd. Gebiet Kiew, leg. Dobrshanskij" (1 Ψ, ZMHB).- "Ukr. s. Sinjawa ehem. Zerk. okr., leg. Jenni 1924" (1 Ψ, ZMHB).- "St. Tschertkowo, Woroschilowgr. obl. [= Lugansk], Milowsk. rajon 19.8.1939 " (1 ɗ, 1 Ψ, ZMHB).- " Ukraine, Kamienka, 35 m s. v. Rowenki [= Rovenki], VI.1918, A. Spaney" (4 ɗɗ, ZMHB).- " Ch. taur. [Cherssoness- Taurus = Jaila-Gebirge]" (2 ɗɗ, ZMHB).- "Rußland: Rjetschilza a. Dnjepr, Bez. Goni..., 18.5.19 [42 Raissi" (1 ɗ, SMNS). Russia: "s. Drjasgi, Pawlowsk.gub. [wahrscheinlich: Pavlovsk bei Voronež] 16.8.1931, leg. Sawtschenko" (1 ɗ, ZMHB).- "Souv., Saratov, Nikolajevsk, 22.V.1928 " (1 Ψ, ZMHB).- "Kisha Kuban-Geb., Coll. Prager 1.–9.VI.1913 ” (1 ɗ, ZSM).- "UdSSR, NW-Kaukasus, Teberda (Stadt), 1200 m, 18.V.1986, leg. E. Rößner" (3 ɗɗ, 2 ΨΨ, CER).- "UdSSR, Kaukasus, 2 km n von Werchni Baksan, ca. 1600 m, 15.VI.1987, leg. A. Schröder" (2 ɗɗ, 2 ΨΨ, CER).- "Kaukasus, Karbadino-Balkaria, Baksan-Tal bei Tyrnyanz 1250–1550 m. 27.VI.1991 Martens/ Schawaller et al." (1 Ψ, SMNS).- "Ca. boreal. Wladikawkas, Rost colleg." (1 ɗ, 1 Ψ, DEI).- "Caucasus 15–16" (1 ɗ, ZSM).- "Caucasus, Alexandrofska, Ryssel S.V. / 18.4.[19]01" (3 ɗɗ, 6 ΨΨ, ZMHB).- " Gruzie, Dombaj 3.8.1976, J. Pradáč leg." (1 ɗ, NMP).- "Kaukasus Derbent. | H. Rolle Berlin. | ex coll. Hopffgarten Berlin." (1 Ψ, NMP). Croatia: "Dalmatien, Hoar 3.IV. [19]29 Citadelle, P. Schulze S.G." (1 Ψ, ZMHB).- "Ins. Brazza [= Brač], Ad. Hoffmann" (1 Ψ, ZMHB).- "Dinarische Alpen, Coll. O. Leonhard" (2 ɗɗ, DEI).- "Dalmatien" (1 ɗ, SMTD).- "Meusel, Croatia, Coll. Schenkling" (1 ɗ, 1 Ψ, DEI).- "Dalma" (1 ɗɗ, 2 ΨΨ, NHML).- " Jugoslavia, Korčula, Dr. J. Fleischer" (1 ɗ, NMP).- "Dalmatien" (2 ɗɗ, 1 Ψ, NMP).- "Dalmatia" (1 Ψ, NMP). Serbia: " Serbia or., Pirot, [leg.] Boř. Rambousek" (1ɗ, NMP).- "Banat, Steppe Deliblat 1911 | Coll. Piesbergen" (1 Ψ, SMNS).- "Dalmatien, Lesina [= Hvar], Reitter, Sammlung F. Rüschkamp, Eing. Nr. 1, 1964" (1 ɗ, ZMFK).- "F. Belgrad, Dr. Martin, Sig. R. Oberthür (Coll C. Martin), Eing. Nr. 4, 1956" (1 ɗ, ZMFK). Bosnia-Herzegovina: "Sarajevo. Bosn. 5 [19]07" (1 Ψ, NMP).- "Bosn. or. Foča, VII.[19]21, Dr. Balthasar” (1 Ψ, NMP).- "Brčko. Bosnia ” (1 Ψ, NMP). Montenegro: "No 451 Montenegro, Vojnik-Gebirge, Brezovi-do 1000 m, 27.6.[19]11 Schumacher S.V." (1 ɗ, ZMHB).- "Castelnuovo [= Herceg-Novi], [leg.] Hummler" (1 ɗ, ZMHB).- "Budua [= Budva], [leg.] Hummler" (1 ɗ, ZMHB).- " Jugoslawien, Montenegro, Sutomore (N Bar, Adriak.) 19.–23.-VI.1991, leg. E. Rößner" (1 Ψ, CER).- "10.4.[19]84 Jugoslaw., Hercegnovi, Rinderkot, Fery leg." (2 ɗɗ, 1 Ψ, CHF).- "Dalmacia 1936, Hercegnovi, [leg.] A. Matĕjka - IV." (5 ɗɗ, 4 ΨΨ, NMP). Macedonia: " Mazedonien, Üsküb [= Skopje], 1.- 5.4.[19] 17 P. Schulze S.G." (1 ɗ, 1 Ψ, ZMHB).- "7.4.[19]85 Yugoslav. nord-westl. Skopje, Rinderkot, Fery leg." (1 Ψ, CHF).- "Blatec, 0 8.08.1986, leg. K. Hadulla" (1 ɗ, 1 Ψ, CKHa).- dto., nur " 13.08.1986 ” (3 ɗɗ, 1 Ψ, CKHa).- dto., nur " 15.08.1986 ” (1 ɗ, CKHa).- "Crnik, 12.08.1986, leg. K. Hadulla” (8 ɗɗ, 10 ΨΨ, CKHa).- "Losnov, 10.08.1986, leg. K. Hadulla” (1 ɗ, CKHa).- "Laki, 14.08.1986, leg. K. Hadulla” (1 Ψ, CKHa).- "Pestovi, 20.08.1986, leg. K. Hadulla” (1 Ψ, CKHa). Romania: "Brassó [= Braşov] Tr." (1 ɗ, NMP).- "Siebenbürgen, Roseln [= Ruja, Ruiseln], 7.-8.[19]31 Böhme leg." (3 ɗɗ, 1 Ψ, ZMHB).- " Rumänien, Candesti 9.5.[19] 17 W. Liebmann" (2ɗɗ, 1 Ψ, DEI).- " Roumanie, Comana Vlasca, A.L. Montandon" (1 ɗ, 2 ΨΨ, DEI).- "Dobroudja, Mangalia, A.L. Montandon" (1 ɗ, DEI).- "Transsylvania, Rodnaer Gebirge 1891 Leonhard" (1 Ψ, DEI).- "Carpathes, Sinaia Valachie, A.L. Montandon" (1 Ψ, DEI).- " Romania, Mamaia, 1.– 14.7.[19]88 Richter" (2ɗɗ, 2 ΨΨ, CWR).- " Rumänien " (2 ΨΨ, SMTD).- "Dobroudja. Macin. A. L. Montandon" (1 Ψ, coll. Nevinson, NHML). Bulgaria: "Ljulin Sof. 4.6.[19]19 | Bulgaria, Ing. Hanuš" (1 ɗ, 2 ΨΨ, NMP).- "Orechovice 2 6.[19]19 | Bulgaria, Ing. Hanuš" (1 ɗ, NMP).- "Bulg. Rumel., Kajbelare, 15.IV.19 [09]. Rambousek" (1 ɗ, NMP).- “ 5.5.1933, Mandra Bulgarien, leg. Fuss" (1 ɗ, 1 Ψ, NMP).- "Bulg. mer.-occ., Sandanski, 16.–24.6.[19]71, Jelinek lgt" (1 ɗ, NMP).- "Rumelia" (2 ɗɗ, ZSM).- "BG, Sveti Vlas, 16.V.2005, leg. H. Müller" (5 ɗɗ, 5 ΨΨ, CHM).- " Bulgaria, Sveti Vlas, 8.5.–19.5.[20]05, leg. W. Richter" (6 ɗɗ, 7 ΨΨ, CWR).- "VRB, Bez. Burgas, Umg. Vlas, 2.–13.VII.1988, Schröder" (5 ɗɗ, 10 ΨΨ, CER).- "SO- Bulgarien, Schwarzmeerküste, Reservat Arkutino, 03.VIII.1985, A. Kallies" (1 ɗ, CER).- "VRB, Mičurin [= Zarewo], 01.IX.1984, leg. Schnitter" (1 Ψ, IZH).- "SO-Bulgarien, Zarewo, 13.V.2002, leg. E. Rößner" (1 ɗ, CER).- " Bulgarien, Schwarzmeerküste, Umgeb. Kamtschija, 2.–9.VII.1981, leg. U. Heinig" (3 ɗɗ, 1 Ψ, COH).- " Bulgaria, Achtopol, 15.– 21.7.1984 leg. U. Arnold" (1ɗ, CDA).- "SO-Bulgarien, Sakar-Gebirge: Ustrem (15 km sö Topolevgrad), 15.V.2002, leg. E. Rößner" (1 ɗ, CER).- "SO-Bulgarien, Strandža-Gebirge: Gramatikovo, 10.V.2006, leg. W. Malchau" (1 Ψ, CWM).- "SO-Bulgarien, Topolovgrad, 07.V.2005, leg. W.
Malchau" (1 ɗ, CWM).- "Sofia, IV.[19]03" (1 Ψ, ZMHB).- "Bulg. Stara plan., Wasil Lewski pr. Karlowo, 2./ 5.V.1985, leg. Wrase" (1 ɗ, 2 ΨΨ, ZMHB; 1 Ψ, CHKa).- "Bulg., St. Planina, Umg. Sahrane, Stausee b. Dimitri, 18.V.1984, B. Jaeger" (1 Ψ, CER; 1 Ψ, CHKa).- " Bulgarien, Goze Delschew, Pirin, in Eselkot, 23.VII.1989, leg. F. Burger" (1 ɗ, NME).- "SW-Bulgarien, Umg. Sandanski, 13.–24.VII.1985, leg. M. Schülke" (1 ɗ, CER).- "SW-Bulgarien, Umg. Sandanski, 20.IV.1985, leg. B. Jaeger" (1 ɗ, CHKa).- "SW- Bulgarien, Umgebung von Sandanski, ca. 300 m, 12.–24.VII.1984, leg. A. Schröder" (2 ΨΨ, CER).- dto., nur "A. VII.1989 " (1 ɗ, CER).- " Bulgarien, Macedonien, Sandanski, 10.V.1984, leg. Croy" (1 Ψ, COH).- " Bulgaria mer. occ., Sandanski env., 1996-06-28, Libor Klima lgt." (1 Ψ, CHB).- " Bulgaria, Umg. Sandanski, 27.4.-9.5.[20]03, leg. W. Richter" (3 ɗɗ, 2 ΨΨ, CWR).- "SW-Bulgarien, Umg. Melnik, 12.–20.V.1981, leg. H. Wendt" (4 ɗɗ, 7 ΨΨ, ZMHB).- "SW-Bulgarien, Umg. Roshen, 17.–20.V.1981, leg. H. Wendt" (1 ɗ, 1 Ψ, ZMHB).- " Bulgarien, Umg. Kresna-Pass, 16. Mai 1981, leg. H. Wendt" (1 Ψ, ZMHB).- "VRB, Rhodopen, Nähe Marziganitza, 1200–1400 m, Schröder" (1 ɗ, 3 ΨΨ, CER).- " Bulgarien, Sitnjakovo 1730 m, Tschetér Tepé VII.[19] 16 v. Boetticher S.G." (1 Ψ, ZMHB).- " Bulgaria, Velingrad 25.V. [19]72" (1 ɗ, 1 Ψ, SMTD).- "Bulg. Tschamkorija M. Hilf 1911, Coll. O. Leonhard" (1 Ψ, DEI).- "BG Borovets, 1900 m, 19.06.1994 leg. H. Müller" (1 Ψ, CHM).- " Bulgaria, 42 km S Burgas, 12 km S Krusevec, 17.V.2002, leg. L. Schmidt" (2 ɗɗ, 1 Ψ, CLS).- " Bulgaria, 100 km SW Burgas, Elhovo, Viehweide, 15.V.2002, l. L. Schmidt" (2 ΨΨ, CLS).- " Bulgaria, 70 km S Burgas, Zwezdec, 14.V.2002, leg. L. Schmidt" (1 Ψ, CLS).- "Mandra; Bulgarien, 18.5.1933, leg. Fuss" (1 ɗ, 1 Ψ, ZMFK). Albania: " Albania mer., Liqeni i Butrintit, [leg.] Smetana 1958” (1 ɗ, 1 Ψ, NMP). Greece: " Graecia, L. Salvator." (1 ɗ, NMP).- "GR: Larissa, 7.7.2001 O. Oros: Marmarini 39°42'54" N 22°35'16" E Pferdedung" (2 ɗɗ, CJS).- " Griechenland, Oiti-Gebirge, 1500m, 18.- 25.5.1956, Fr. Borchmann leg, Eing. Nr. 8, 1956" (1 ɗ, 4 ΨΨ, ZMFK).- " Griechenland, Langhadas-Saloniki, 3.- 8.4.1956, Fr. Borchmann leg, Eing. Nr. 8, 1956" (1 Ψ, ZMFK).- "Athenae" (1 ɗ, ZSM).- "Saloniki" (2 ɗɗ, ZSM).- "Attika | Kiesenwetter" (1 ɗ, ZSM).- "Griech. Mazedonien, Langaza, 5.V.1942, leg. Kühlhorn" (4 ΨΨ, ZSM).- "12.8.[19]78 Korfu, Ag. Matheos, Eselskot, Fery leg." (2 ɗɗ, 1 Ψ, CHF).- dto., nur " 15.4.84 " (6 ɗɗ, 2 ΨΨ, CHF).- "Balkan, Corfu, Paganetti [19]03" (1 Ψ, DEI).- "7.7.[19]76 Thassos b. Aliki, N.-Gr., Eselskot, Fery leg." (1 ɗ, 3 ΨΨ, CHF).- "11.4.[19] 84 N. Apollonia östl. Saloniki, Schafskot, Fery leg." (1 ɗ, CHF).- " 6.4.19 [85] Graecia, Stavrupolis, Xanthi, Schafskot, Fery leg." (1 ɗ, CHF).- "17.7.[19]76 Toroni, Chalkidiki, Gr., Rinderkot, Fery leg." (1 ɗ, CHF).- "18.7.[19]76 Sikia, Chalkidiki (Gr.), Rinderkot, Fery leg." (2 ɗɗ, 4 ΨΨ, CHF).- "13.4.[19]84 Marmaras, Chalkidiki, Schafskot, Fery leg." (1 ɗ, 1 Ψ, CHF).- "11.4.[19] 84 N. Griech., Kavalia, Rinderkot, Fery leg." (6 ɗɗ, 2 ΨΨ, CHF).- " Greece – Epirus, 4 km E of Vrisela, 12 km NE Igoumenitsa 29-V-1983 P. Kanaar" (1 Ψ, CRP).- "GR – Epirus, Ugb. Metsovo, 10.7.2006 Heise leg." (7 ɗɗ, 2 ΨΨ, CEH).- "GR/ Prov. Epirus 1700 m, Metsovo (Pindos Geb.) 10.7.2006, W. Ziegler" (3 ɗɗ, CWZ).- " Greece (Macedonia), Mts. Vrondous 1500 m, Serres env. N 41°16’17,2’’/E 023°35’52,5’’, 20.IV.2005, leg. O. Hillert" (3 ɗɗ, 2 ΨΨ, COH).- "Métsovo Pass, GR, Reg. Epeiros 10.07.2006, leg. Hengmith" (1 ɗ, 1 Ψ, CKH).- " Griechenland, Kalambaka bei Trikala (Pindos-Gebirge), 0 9.06.1996, leg. O. Hillert" (1 ɗ, 1 Ψ, COH).- " Griechenland (Thessaly), 10 km east of Larissa, 12.IV.2003 leg. O. Hillert" (1 Ψ, COH).- " Griechenland (Thessaly), Mt. Ossa, N 39°44’28,8’’/E 022°34’09,3’’, 13.IV.2003 leg. O. Hillert" (1 Ψ, COH).- "Athos (Macedonien), A. Schatzmayr" (1 ɗ, ZMHB).- "GR, Stomio [Stómion], 13.VII.2002, leg. M. Eifler" (1 ɗ, 1 Ψ, CME).- "GR, Ossa-Gebirge, Stomio, 5.-18.7.[20]02, E. Heise" (1 ɗ, CEH).- "GR – Thessalia, Stomio, 5.7.2006 Heise leg." (1 ɗ, CEH).- "GR, Mt. Olympos, Kokkinopilos, 5.-18.7.[20]02, E Heise" (2 ɗɗ, 2 ΨΨ, CEH).- "GR, Olympias, 14.07.2002, leg. M. Eifler" (1 ɗ, 2 ΨΨ, CME).- " Greece, Olympia, Miraka, 400 m, 24.3.1992, leg. J. Frisch, Fulda" (1 Ψ, ZMHB).- "Langadas-Kolchikos b. Saloniki IV.[19]42 Madel S.G." (1 ɗ, 1 Ψ, ZMHB).- "Parnass" (1 ɗ, ZMHB).- "Olymp, 21.4.[18]70" (2 ɗɗ, ZMHB).- "Anno Viannos, 27.III.1988, leg. Link" (2 ΨΨ, CAL).- " Graecia Mesolongion 6.[19]75 Folwaczny" (1 ɗ, SMNS).- "GR, Makedonien, Nomós Kastoriá, Kastoriá-See, Nordufer, 700 m, 3.V.1994, leg. Schawaller" (1ɗ, SMNS).- " Greece, 04.V.1977, Böotien; Limni Iliki; nördl. Theben; Westufer | 1. Orient-Exkursion; Inst. f. Zool., Mainz; Prof. R. Kinzelbach, leg. Scheuern" (1 ɗ, 1 Ψ, CJS).- " Graecia / Maked., Smolikas 2000 m, 5.- 11.8.1980, leg. Mühle" (2 ΨΨ, CJS).- " Greece: 30.6.2000, Sithonia: 1 km S Sarti, 40°04’26’’N, 23°59’09’’E. Scheuern leg." (1 ɗ, CJS).- " Greece, Umg. Kalampaka, 7.-11.05.[19]93 leg. Ringel" (1 ɗ, 1 Ψ, CHR).- "Kephallenia 1905, O. Leonhard" (1 ɗ, DEI).- "Kephalonia 1908, Charakti legit. M. Hilf, Coll. O. Leonhard" (1 ɗ, DEI).- "Kephalonia 1908, Argostoli legit. M. Hilf, Coll. O. Leonhard" (1 Ψ, DEI).- " Macedonia, Vardarebene, A. Schatzmayr, Coll. O. Leonhard" (2 ɗɗ, 2 ΨΨ, DEI).- "Vardarebene, Salonich, A. Schatzmayr" (1 ɗ, 1 Ψ, DEI).- "Morea, Hagios Wlassis, Brenske" (1 Ψ, DEI).- "Parnass 9.5.[18]65, Coll. Kraatz" (1 ɗ, DEI).- "Attica 8.6.[18]69, Coll. Kraatz" (2 ɗɗ, 2 ΨΨ, DEI).- " Hellas / Chalkid., Kassandra, Polychronon, 20.03.1989 " (1 Ψ, CLS).- " Griechenland, Pilion, III.1981, leg. Wunderle" (1 Ψ, CLS).- " Greece: Mt. Parnassus nr. Arakhova. 11.viii.1939. c.l., 500 m. " (1 ɗ, 1 Ψ, coll. Grebenchikoff, NHML).- " Greece: Mycenea. vii.1938. Grebenchikoff, B. M. 1958-569." (1 Ψ, NHML).- "Corfu" (1 ɗ, coll. Nevinson, NHML).- " Greece, Merlin Coll. 96-275" (1 Ψ, NHML).- "Cephalonia" (1 Ψ, coll. G. C. Champion, NHML).- "Marathon" (1 Ψ, coll. G. C. Champion, NHML).- "Salonica." (1 ɗ, 2 ΨΨ, coll. G. C. Champion, NHML).- "Piraeus" (1 Ψ, coll. G. C. Champion, NHML).- "GR, Peloponnes, Pirgos, Prov. Messinia, 29.06.2005, leg. W. Ziegler" (7 Ex., CWZ; 5 Ex., CME; 5 ɗɗ, 3 ΨΨ, CEH).- "GR, nö-Peloponnes, Kalavrita, Prov. Achaia, 12.5.2005, leg. W. Ziegler" (6 Ex., CWZ).- "Pelop., Exochori, 0 2.07.2005, leg. M. Eifler" (1 ɗ, CME).- "Pelop., Stoupa, 29.06.2005, leg. M. Eifler" (2 Ex., CME; 2 ɗɗ, 2 ΨΨ, CEH).- "Gr. Pelpones, Galatás, 7.- 28.6.[19]76 Köstlin leg." (1 ɗ, 2 ΨΨ, SMNS).- "Gr. Peloponnes, Kalamata 12.- 30.4.1982 Köstlin leg." (3 ΨΨ, SMNS).- "Gr. Peloponnes, Andvitsena 20.4.1982 Köstlin leg." (1 Ψ, SMNS).- Graecia, Taygetos [19]79, V. Melich" (1 Ψ, CHB).- " Hellas, Olympia, leg. Gersdorf 4.[19]58" (1 ɗ, CJS).- " Greece: 7.IV.1977, Peloponnes, Yithion, Wassilipotamus 10,5 km nordöstlich | 1. Orient-Exkursion; Inst. f. Zool., Mainz; Prof. R. Kinzelbach, leg. Scheuern" (1 ɗ, CJS).- "GR/ Messina/ Peloponnes/ Umgebung Gialova 1.- 5.5.1989, Persohn leg." (1 ɗ, CJS).- "Tayg." (1 ɗ, ZSM).- " Hellas / Achaia, 30 km südwestl. Patras, Kalogria, 30.III.1988, leg. L. Schmidt" (2 ɗɗ, 4 ΨΨ, CLS).- " Hellas / Achaia, U. Patras, Kalavrita, 720 m, 12.05.1989 " (1 Ψ, CLS).- " Hellas / Ilea, 40 km SW Patras, Manolada, 29.III.1986, leg. L. Schmidt" (1 ɗ, CLS).- " Hellas / Ilea, U. Olympia, Panopoulos, 700 m, 16.V.1989, leg. L. Schmidt" (1 ɗ, CLS).- " Hellas / Ilea, U. Pirgos, Alfiosufer, 16.V.1989, leg. L. Schmidt" (1 Ψ, CLS).- " Hellas / Argolis, U. Nafplion, 03.IV.1986, leg. L. Schmidt" (1 Ψ, CLS).- " Hellas / Messina, Taygetos b. Artemisia, 800 m, 02.VIII.1990, leg. L. Schmidt" (1 Ψ, CLS).- " Hellas / Messina, Taygetos-Paß, Angada b. Ag. Petros, 13.08.1990, 1450 m, leg. L. Schmidt" (2 ΨΨ, CLS).- "Kreta Paganetti | Coll. Piesbergen" (4 ɗɗ, 2 ΨΨ, SMNS).- "GR: West-Kreta, N-Küste: Georgioupoli, 17.IV.1992, leg. E. Rößner" (3 ɗɗ, 2 ΨΨ, CER).- "GR-Kreta 1998 Georgioupoli Strand 20.04. leg.: R. Peschel" (1 Ψ, CRP).- "Westkreta, Askifos (800 m), 16.IV.1992, leg. E. Rößner" (1 ɗ, 6 ΨΨ, CER).- "Crete-E, Ierapetra E, 0–20 m NN, 17.– 23.04.2000, leg. A. Kopetz" (4 ɗɗ, NME).- "Kreta, Paganetti / 112983 " (2 ɗɗ, ZMHB).- "Kreta, Paganetti" (1 ɗ, NMP).- "Kreta, Limni Kournas, 04.IV.1989, leg. Link" (1 Ψ, CAL).- "Kreta, Omalos-Ebene, 11.-16.6.[19]42, 1000 m, Kl. Zimmermann leg." (1 ɗ, 1Ψ, ZMHB).- "Kreta, Kap Korikos, 19.4.[19]42, Kl. Zimmermann leg." (1 Ψ, ZMHB).- "Kreta-West 2001, Nida-Hochebene 15 km südlich von Anogia, 1150 m, 4.V., leg. W. Apfel" (3 ΨΨ, NME).- "Crete, Chania, 30 km SE, Askifon, Goni, S, 700–1050 mNN, 26.04.2000, leg. A. Kopetz" (1 ɗ, NME).- "West-Kreta, Chaniá (Canéa) 3.4.1925, A. Schulz S.G." (2 ɗɗ, ZMHB).- " Insel Kreta, Ajos Joánnis, Ep. Ajos Wássilis, 21.3.[19]25, A. Schulz S.G." (1 ɗ, 2 ΨΨ, ZMHB).- " O. Kreta, Ajos Joánnis unterhalb Phaestos, 16.5.[19]25, A. Schulz S.G." (2 ɗɗ, 4 ΨΨ, ZMHB).- " Insel Kreta nahe Nordküste, Kurná a. See, 25.3.[19]25, A. Schulz S.G." (3 ɗɗ, 1 Ψ, ZMHB).- " O. Kreta, Miräss, Epar. Känúrgion, 16.5.[19]25, A. Schulz S.G." (1 ɗ, 2 ΨΨ, ZMHB).- "West-Kreta, Kolibári, Ep. Kissames, 21.4.[19]25, A. Schulz S.G." (1 ɗ, 1 Ψ, ZMHB).- " O. Kreta, Iráklion (Cándia) 29.4.[19]25, Schulz S.G." (2 ɗɗ, ZMHB).- "W. Kreta, Südküste, Skáloti, 19.3.[19]25, A. Schulz S.G." (2 ɗɗ, ZMHB).- " Insel Kreta, Armóru südl. v. Rhéthimnon, 22.3.19 [25], A. Schulz S.G." (1 ɗ, ZMHB).- "West-Kreta, Kloster Aja Triás a Akrotiri, 2.3.[19]25, A. Schulz S.G." (1 ɗ, ZMHB).- " Insel Kreta, Nordküste, zwischen Drhámia u. Kalami, 25.- 26.3.[19]25, A. Schulz S.G." (2 ΨΨ, ZMHB).- "Kreta, Malia-Strand, 29.3.[19]73, Dr. Fülschner & Meybohm" (1 ɗ, CEH).- "Kreta, Nomus (Iraklion), Moni Vrondisiov bei Zaros, 0 5.05.1998, leg. Hornburg" (2 ΨΨ, COH).- "Kreta-West, Nida-Hochebene, 15 km südlich von Anogia, 1150 m, 4.V.2001, leg. W. Apfel" (1 ɗ, CWA).- "29.3.[19]85 Graecia, Kreta, Chora, Sphakion, Schafskot, 500 m, Fery leg." (1 ɗ, 1 Ψ, CHF).- "30.3.[19]85 Graecia, Kreta, Komitades, Chora, Sphakion, 100 m, Fery leg." (1 Ψ, CHF).- "III.[19]84 Kreta, Umg. Tymbakion, Schafskot, Fery leg." (1 Ψ, CHF).- "GR: Kreta, 12.4.1993, Frangocastelo, leg. Winkelmann-Klöck" (1 ɗ, CHF).- "GR: Kreta, Plakias, 2.- 16.4.1993, leg. Winkelmann" (1 ɗ, CHF).- "28.3.[19]85 Graecia, Kreta, Kyparissos, Iraklion, Eselskot, Fery leg." (3 ΨΨ, CHF).- "29.3.[19]85 Graecia, Kreta, westl. Rethymnon, Schafskot, Fery leg." (5 ɗɗ, 1 Ψ, CHF).- "Kreta, Réthymnon 8.-29.V.1979 R. Köstlin leg." (3 ɗɗ, 1 Ψ, SMNS).- "Kreta 28.IV.-19.V. [19]74 R. Köstlin leg." (1 ɗ, 2 ΨΨ, SMNS).- "Kreta, Ierapetra 16.–30.IV.1975 R. Köstlin leg." (1 ɗ, SMNS).- "GR-Kreta, Umg. Heraklion, Linopermata, 15.5.[19]87, Scherm leg." (6 ɗɗ, 5 ΨΨ, SMNS).- "Kreta, Paganetti" (2 ɗɗ, DEI).- "Kreta, Paganetti, Onth. vacca " (1 ɗ, 1 Ψ, ZMFK).- "Crete: Omalos. vii.1939. Grebenchikoff. B. M. 1958-569." (1 ɗ, NHML).- "Crete, Rethymno, Opsigias (459 m), 31.05.2008, leg. Dirk Rohwedder" (2 ɗɗ, 2 ΨΨ, CDR).- "Crete, Rethymno, 3 km östlich von Prinos, 0 1.06.2008, leg. Dirk Rohwedder" (13 ɗɗ, 13 ΨΨ, CDR).- " Hellas, Chalkis, leg. Gersdorf 4.[10]58" (1 Ψ, CJS).- " Insel Tinos [= Tenos], Berg Skionia, v. Oertzen. / 84400" (1 ɗ, ZMHB).- "Paros. Sig. R. Oberthür (Coll C. Martin), Eing. Nr. 4, 1956" (6 ɗɗ, ZMFK).- "Rhodes (Turquie de Asie), L. Bleuse, R. Oberthür, Eing. Nr. 4, 1956, variero" (1 Ψ, ZMFK).- "Nördl. Sporad, Skopelos, [leg.] Emge. / 84401" (1 ɗ, ZMHB).- "Südl. Sporaden, Kos, v. Oertzen. / 84402" (1 ɗ, ZMHB).- "Süd-Euboea, Karystos, v. Oertzen / 84398" (1 ɗ, 1 Ψ, ZMHB).- "Cykladen, Keos, v. Oertzen / 84399" (1 Ψ, ZMHB).- "Kos/ Griechenl. 28.5.-11.6.[19]88, leg. Hengmith" (1 ɗ, ZMHB).- "GR-Naxos Östl. Koronis, Kot 5.4.[19]90 leg. Mauser" (1 Ψ, CRP).- "Naxos, Coll. O. Leonhard" (2 ΨΨ, DEI).- "GR. Insel Santorin 15.- 27.4.1985 leg. H. Schmalfuss" (1 ɗ, SMNS).- "Rhodes, Em. Reitter" (3 ɗɗ, 1 Ψ, NMP).- "Rhodes (Turquie d’Asie), [leg.] L. Bleuse, 2.1895." (1 ɗ, NMP).- "GR: Insel Rhodos, Kamiros 10.4.1980, W. Schawaller leg." (1 Ψ, SMNS).- "GR: Santorin, Pirgos u. Emborio, 12.- 17.5.1992 leg. Fichtner/Leidenroth" (2 ɗɗ, SMNS).- "GR: Ins. Kefallonia, 3 km NW Poros 200- 29.IV.1996 500 m, Erhard & Schmalfuss" (1 Ψ, SMNS).- "Rhodos, Lindos 16.–30.IV.1981 Köstlin leg." (1 Ψ, SMNS).- " Greece: Rhodos: Lardos. 4.4.1980, Schawaller leg." (1 Ψ, CJS).- "Rhodos, Lindos, leg. Gersdorf 4.[19]58" (2 ɗɗ, CJS).- "GR – Naxos östl., Koronis, Kot, 5.4.[19]90, leg. Mauser" (1 Ψ, CJS).- "GR-Kykladen, Paros, IV/Falle: 6-19, 19.04.- 01.05.1994, leg. Glück/Steinmetz" (1 Ψ, NSMW).- " Insel Rhodus" (2 ɗɗ, 1 Ψ, SMTD).- "Rhodus, coll. Plasin" (2 ɗɗ, 3 ΨΨ, DEI). Turkey: "v. Bodemeyer, Anatolia, Asia minor " (3 ɗɗ, 4 ΨΨ, NMP).- " Asia minor, Ak-Chehir, v. Bodemeyer" (1 Ψ, NMP).- "Konstantinopel" (1 Ψ, NMP).- " Türkei, Gallipoli [= Gelibolu] 4.-6.1918 v. Platen S.G." (1 ɗ, ZMHB).- "Byzantum" (1 ɗ, ZSM).- "Adampol., Constantinopel 1900. Korb" (1 Ψ, ZMHB).- "Constantinopel V.1898, W. Gottwald S.V." (2 ɗɗ, 2 ΨΨ, ZMHB).- "Constant. | 26958" (3 ɗɗ, 2 ΨΨ, ZMHB).- " Türkei, V.[18]98, Umgegend von Constantinopel, G. Gottwald S.V." (2 ɗɗ, 3 ΨΨ, ZMHB).- "Constpl. Fr. Jean" (1 ɗ, 1 Ψ, coll. Heyden, DEI).- "Stambul" (1 Ψ, DEI).- "Alexandr." (1ɗ, 1 Ψ, ZSM).- "W. Kleinasien, Brussa [= Bursa], 20.- 30.6.1934, leg. Frl. Neuhauser" (1ɗ, ZMHB).- "3.4.[19]85 Türkei, Marmaris, Rinderkot, Fery leg." (2 ɗɗ, CHF).- "Anatolien, Ilkaz-See, Ende 5.[19]33, Dr. Kummerlöwe, Dr. Niethammer" (1 ɗ, CER).- " Asia minor, Biledjek, v. Bodemeyer" (1ɗ, 1 Ψ, ZMHB).- " Asia minor, Sabandja, v. Bodemeyer" (1ɗ, ZMHB).- "Smyrn. [Smyrna = Izmir]" (1 ɗ, 1 Ψ, ZMHB).- "Smyrna" (1 ɗ, SMTD).- " Türkei, Rivera, Incekum (ca. 15 km W v. Alanya), 17.-28.VI.1998, leg. A. Schröder" (1 ɗ, 1 Ψ, CER).- " Türkei, Rivera, Manavgat, 26.IV.–5.V.1995, leg. A. Schröder" (1 Ψ, CER).- " Türkei /Prov. Antalya, Alanya/Dim, 140 m NN, leg. Bellmann 17.03.2000 " (6 ɗɗ, 2 ΨΨ, CAB).- "S-Türkei, Antalya, Akseki, 1300 m NN, leg. Bellmann 21.03.2002 " (1 ɗ, CAB).- " Turkey (Kütahya), Beyce, Simav env., Simav Daglari Mts., 22.IV.2004 leg. O. Hillert" (1 Ψ, COH).- " Türkei, Peri, 17.06.1996, leg. D. Rohwedder" (1 ɗ, CJS).- " TR – Antalya, Beldibi- Kemer, Hadulla, 13.6.[19]92" (1 ɗ, CJS).- "Antalya, Manavgat, 13.06.1996, leg. Dirk Rohwedder" (2 ΨΨ, CDR).- "Antalya, Peri, 17.06.1996, leg. Dirk Rohwedder" (1 ɗ, CDR).- "Antalya, Taskesigi, 28.06.1998, leg. Dirk Rohwedder" (1 ɗ, CDR).- "Antalya, Side-Colaki, 29.10.2005, leg. Knechtel" (1 Ψ, CDR).- "Polonez, Alem Dag, Turcia, 25.IV.1967, Krätschmer leg." (2 ɗɗ, 2 ΨΨ, CJS).- " TR, 09.IV.1992, Bafa gölü, leg. G. Müller" (1 ɗ, NSMW).- " TR, 06.IV.1992, Yapldak, Canakkale, leg. G. Müller" (2 ɗɗ, 6 ΨΨ, NSMW).- " Turcia Abr." (4 ɗɗ, 8 ΨΨ, coll. Heyden, DEI).- "Birdursee E.6.1963 | Türkei K. Wellschmied" (1 ɗ, 2 ΨΨ, ZSM).- "Anatolie, Ielski" (1 ɗ, coll. E. Y. Western, NHML).- "Beikos. -02. M C." (1 Ψ, coll. M. Cameron, NHML).- "Besika Bay" (1 ɗ, 2 ΨΨ, coll. G. C. Champion, NHML).- "Port Baklar" (1 Ψ, coll. G. C. Champion, NHML). Georgia: "Svanetia, Caucasus, Dr. Veselý" (1 ɗ, NMP).- "Cauc. occ., Abchasia, Avadchara 2000– 2700 m, 26.–31.VII.1985, leg. Wrase" (1 ɗ, CER). Azerbaijan: "Schuscha Karabagh" (1 ɗ, SMTD).- [Kyrillisch:] "Nucha [= Sheki]" (1 Ψ, ZSM).- "Suchoj Fontan 1910 Kulzer" (1 Ψ, ZSM).- "Lenkoran, Sig. R. Oberthür (Coll C. Martin), Eing. Nr. 4, 1956" (3 ɗɗ, ZMFK). Iran: " Persia Astrabad [= Gorgan]" (1 Ψ, SMTD).- "Elbrus Geb., Persien, Rttr." (1 ɗ, 1 Ψ, NMP).- " Persien, Luristan, v. Bodemeyer" (1 Ψ, NMP).
Morocco: " Tanger [= Tanjah], Marokko " (3 ɗɗ, 2 ΨΨ, ZMHB).- " Tanger, Rolph" (2 ɗɗ, 2 ΨΨ, DEI).- " Marokko, Mogador [= As Sawirah], Quedenfeldt S." (1 ɗ, ZMHB).- " Marokko, Marakesch, Quedenfeldt S." (2 ɗɗ, ZMHB).- " Marokko, Settat, Quedenfeldt S." (1 Ψ, ZMHB).- " Marocco centr., Khenifra env. 1.5.[19]95 Lackner lgt." (3 ɗɗ, 2 ΨΨ, NME).- "Aquelmane Sidi Ali (2000 m) Mittl. Atlas, Maroc, M9/1991 leg: Ahrens" (1 Ψ, SMTD).- " Marokko, Umgeb. Azrou, Mittl. Atlas 1600 m E III/1992 leg. D. Ahrens" (7 ɗɗ, 10 ΨΨ, SMTD).- " Marokko, Ain Denali E III/1992 leg. D. Ahrens" (3 ɗɗ, 5 ΨΨ, SMTD).- "S. Marokko, Touline M III/1992 leg. D. Ahrens" (1 ɗ, SMTD).- " Marokko M. IX/1991 Col du Zad 2000 m Mitt. Atlas, leg. D. Ahrens" (8 ɗɗ, 12 ΨΨ, SMTD).- "29.3.[19]88 Maroc, Moy. Atlas, Khenifra, Col. Tonout, Fery leg." (1 ɗ, 2 ΨΨ, CHF).- "29.3.[19]88 Maroc, Maamar, b. Khenifra, div. Kot, Fery leg." (2 ɗɗ, 2 ΨΨ, CHF).- "26.3.[19]88 Maroc, Umg. Tanger, Cap Spartel, div. Kot, Fery leg." (2 ɗɗ, 2 ΨΨ, CHF).- "26.3.[19]88 Maroc, südl. Larache, Rinderkot, Fery leg." (2 ɗɗ, CHF).- "10.8.[19]85 Maroc, Moy. Atlas, Azrou südl. Ajabo, 1300 m, Fery leg." (3 ɗɗ, CHF).- "Südmarokko 5 km N El Ksiba [= Al-Q’sibah] - Mittlerer Atlas 750 m, 29.03.1996 leg.: R. Peschel" (1ɗ, CRP).- "Südmarokko 950 m NN Oasis de la Soure, Bleue de Meski 31.03.1996, R. Peschel" (2 ΨΨ, CRP).- " Marocco: - V.1965, 6 km S Casa Blanca, on/ beside beach. R. O.S. Clarke" (1ɗ, CJS).- " Marocco: 22.V.1965, Tangiers, stones/ dung nr. baech. R. O.S. Clarke" (1 Ψ, CJS).- " Marokko, M. Atlas b. Azrou 2000 m, Wohlb. 5.[19]31" (1ɗ, 1 Ψ, SMTD).- " Marokko, Meknes, Wohlb. 5.[19]31" (1 ɗ, SMTD).- " Marocco " (1 Ψ, ZSM).- " Tangier " (2 ɗɗ, coll. Nevinson, NHML).- " Tangier, Marocco, 1915-38 " (1 Ψ, NHML).- " Tangier. J. J. Walker" (2 ɗɗ, 3 ΨΨ, coll. G. C. Champion, NHML).- " Maroc, Tanger, coll. de Vauloger" (1 Ψ, coll. Nevinson, NHML).- "Plain of Buzaghal. Tetuan, J. J. Walker" (1 ɗ, coll. G. C. Champion, NHML).- " Marocco, Meknes, 12–15.vii.1973, M. I. Russell" (1 ɗ, NHML).- " Marocco, Middle Atlas Mts., Azrou, 4,400 ft. 19.vi.1936 " (1 Ψ, coll. K. H. Chapmann & G. A. Bisset, NHML).- "Moyen Atlas: Ifrane, 31.vii.1984, J.Baraud legit" (1 ɗ, 1 Ψ, CTB).- "Ma.-Marrakech, Jimil, 9.6.1994, Hadulla leg." (1 ɗ, CKHa).- "Rabat" (2 ΨΨ, NMP). Algeria: " Algir, [leg.?] Parz." (1 ɗ, ZMHB).- " Algeró 08" (1 Ψ, ZSM).
Not localised: "La Ferués, 6.[19]60" (1 Ψ, ZMHB).- [Kyrillisch:] "Bum" (1 Ψ, ZSM).- "Balkan” (1 ɗ, 3 ΨΨ, NMP).- "Balkan, Bellova. | H. Rolle Berlin. | ex coll. v. Hopffgarten Mülverstedt" (1 ɗ, NMP).- "Hustó 4.V.25 Pradáč" (1 ɗ, NMP).- "Lušcnec 20.7.25 " (1 Ψ, NMP).- "Kovalevka, Januš Gub., Podolská" (5 ɗɗ, 5 ΨΨ, NMP).- "Tornok, Roland" (1 Ψ, NMP).- "Leivist 12.5.08 " (1 ɗ, NMP).
Erroneous records: "58.119. Ruthe. Germany, 845" (2 ɗɗ, NHML).- "Magdebg.? Kirsch" (1 ɗ, SMTD).- "Düben Kirsch" (1 ɗ, SMTD).- " Nubia. Geist" (1 ɗ, 1 Ψ, coll. Heyden, DEI).
Redescription. Body length: 7–13 mm, body oval, weakly convex, dull; head and pronotum metallic green, rarely cupreous; elytra yellow with asymmetric dark spots; ventral face, pygidium and legs black with weak metallic sheen; dorsal pilosity short and light.
Head. Antenna brown, clavus black; anterior edge of clypeus reflexed, with transverse wrinkles, head coarsely punctate to granulate between frontal carina and vertex.
Pronotum. Lateral margins behind anterior angles straight or convex, anterior angles weakly rounded, posterior angles sinuate, basis with distinct marginal line often narrower or entirely interrupted close to posterior angles (Fig. 2AI); punctation coarse, dense, very dense and granulate beside anterior angles, with narrow smooth impunctate sections on midline and beside posterior angles.
Elytra. Yellow, base and suture narrowly dark with green sheen, epipleura completely light; spots small, black with green sheen, asymmetric, base always without spots, yellow ground colour always prevailing as spots are slightly confluent or not confluent (Figs. 2B–G), spots rarely condensed (Fig. 2H, so far only from populations of Corsica and Sardinia) or spots completely absent (Fig. 2A); intervals chagreened, punctation even, granulate; striae shallow, weakly punctate, 7th stria weakly curved.
Pygidium. Base with marginal line, dull, punctation fine, moderately dense and simple, superficial.
Aedeagus. Figs. 3C–3P; endophallus: 3AC–AF, 3AL– AO (see Table 1).
Male, major form. Reflexed portion of anterior edge of clypeus weakly sinuate (Fig. 2R); frontal carina absent, inpunctate on this spot; carina of vertex with large lamella with 1st sides basally parallel, apically with a sharply pointed horn being almost rectangular erect and straight (lateral view) (Fig. 2AH); Pronotum on anterior declivity smooth, medially with a deep impression, marginal line of basis narrower or interrupted beside posterior angles (Fig. 2AI).
FIGURE 2. Morphological variation of O. vacca (A–H, R, S–W, Z, AA, AB, AD, AH, AI) and O. medius (I–Q, S, X, Y, AC, AE–AG, AJ) in colour of elytra (A– O), morphology of head (major form: Q, R, V, X, AA, AC; minor form: S, W, Y, AD, AE; male: P–S; female, dorsal view: T– Y; female, anterior view: Z-AE; male, lateral view: AF–AH) and basal portion of pronotum (AI, AJ). A, U, AB: Paralectotype (O. vacca); B: Russia: Alexandrofska, male; C: Bulgaria: Sveti Vlas, female; D: Bulgaria: Sveti Vlas, male; E: Russia: Teberda, male; F, T, Z: Lectotype (O. vacca); G: Greece: Olympias, male; H: France: Corsica, Ajaccio, male; I: Croatia, Istrien, Rabac, female; J: Ukraine: Falzfeinowo, male; K: Germany: Mecklenburg, Klein Schmölen, female; L, P, AF, AJ: Neotype (Copris media); M: Mecklenburg, Klein Schmölen, male; N: Germany: Sachsen-Anhalt, Wormsleben, male; O: Germany: Sachsen-Anhalt, Wormsleben, female.
FIGURE 3. Varation of genital morphology of O. vacca (C–P, AC–AF, AL– AO) and O. medius (A, B, Q–AB, AG– AK, AP–AT) showing: parameres both (A, C) and right (E–AB) in dorsal view; aedeagus (lateral view: B, D), lamella copulatrix (AC–AK, dorsal view, AL–AT, ventral view). A, B, AG, AP: Neotype (Copris media); C, D: Hungary, Ujpest; E: Morocco: Tanger; F: Spain: Morella, Castellón de la Plana; G: France: Dep. Loire, Atlantique; H: Italy: Calabria, Cimina; I: Italy: Sardinia, Foresta di Monturba; J: Italy: Sicily, Messina; K: Romania: Candesti; L: Bulgaria: Sinemorec; M: Greece: Macedonia, Nomós Kastoriá; N: Russia: Rjetschilza a. Dnepr; O: Georgia: Abchasia, Avadchara; P: Russia: NW-Caucasus, Teberda; Q: France: Provice, S-et Mer; R: Switzerland: Martigny; S: Germany: Mecklenburg, Klein Schmölen; T: Slowakia: Zadiel; U: Hungary: Tihany, Plattensee; V: Italy: Apulia, Mte. Gargano; W: Italy: Abruzzo, Piane; X: Italy: Sicily, Messina; Y: Croatia: Istria, Rovin; Z: Bosnia-Herzegovina: Koriċna; AA: Greece: Ossa Oros, Stomia; AB: Russia: Caucasus; AC, AL: Greece: Peloponnesos, Stoupa; AD, AJ, AM, AS: Bulgaria: Sveti Vlas; AE, AN: Russia: Teberda; AF, AO: Greece: Peloponnesos, Kalavrita; AH, AQ: Germany: Steckweiler; AI, AR: France: St. Remy les Chevreuses; AK, AT: Turkey: Angora.
Male, minor form. Anterior edge of clypeus weakly sinuate (see Fig. 2S); frontal carina weakly indicated to slightly elevate, curved; carina of vertex with a small lamella slightly elevated at middle; pronotum anteriorly with rugose punctures, medially with a pair of small, smooth convexities, marginal line of base beside posterior angles complete.
Name Type locality Synonymy Evidence of taxonomic placement
Female, major form. Anterior edge of clypeus weakly or distinctly sinuate; frontal carina distinct, elevate, weakly curved; carina of vertex low and as wide as interior interocular width, each end elevated and with a pointed horn (Fig. 2V, 2AA); pronotum at anterior marginal declivity widely smooth and only sparsely punctate, medially with a slightly anteriorly produced and medially slightly incised convexity, beside it on each side with a weak convexity, marginal line of base narrower or interrupted beside posterior angles (Fig. 2AI).
Female, minor form. Anterior edge of clypeus sinuate; frontal carina short and weakly elevate; carina of vertex low and narrow, ends without teeth (Fig. 2W, 2AD); pronotum anteriorly with rugose punctures, medially with a slightly transeverse smooth convexity, basal marginal line complete.
Remarks. Interestingly, Krell (1996) did not report a second type specimen. The lectotype had no labels from Krell. According to Krell (personal communication, 2010) labels might have been lost recently during the digitisation project of the Linnean collection. Therefore we placed new lectotype and paralectotype labels on the type specimens. Both the Linnaean lectotype and paralectotype were conspecific with the form more common in southern France, which is consistent with the first named citations of southern France. Since O. vacca does not occur in 'Prussia' (= "Borussia" in Linnaeus, 1767; Borussia was the name of a region somewhere in what was later known as Prussia, and that in late 18th century Prussia occupied what is now northern Germany and northern Poland), we can definitely assume here the type locality to be southern France, although type specimen labels had no locality information.
description: Published as part of Rössner, Eckehard, Schönfeld, Joachim & Ahrens, Dirk, 2010, Onthophagus (Palaeonthophagus) medius (Kugelann, 1792) — a good western palaearctic species in the Onthophagus vacca complex (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae: Onthophagini), pp. 1-28 in Zootaxa 2629 on pages 3-19, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.198282