cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Morphological decomposition in Bantu: a masked priming study on Setswana prefixation
Creators: name: Ciaccio, Laura Anna
name: Naledi Kgolo
name: Clahsen, Harald
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: African languages have rarely been the subject of psycholinguistic experimentation. The current study employs a masked visual priming experiment to investigate morphological processing in a Bantu language, Setswana. Our study takes advantage of the rich system of prefixes in Bantu languages, which offers the opportunity of testing morphological priming effects from prefixed inflected words and directly comparing them to priming effects from prefixed derived words on the same targets. We found significant priming effects of similar magnitude for both prefixed inflected and derived word forms, which were clearly dissociable from prime-target relatedness in both meaning and (orthographic) form. These findings provide support for a (possibly universal) mechanism of morphological decomposition applied during early visual word recognition that segments both (prefixed) inflected and derived word forms into their morphological constituents.
Acinonyx jubatus
Creators: name: O'Regan, Hannah J.
name: Steininger, Christine
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Carnivora
Felidae
Acinonyx
Acinonyx jubatus

description: Acinonyx jubatus (Schreber, 1775)
 MATERIAL EXAMINED. — Craniodental. CD 3871, left P4 (Fig. 5H, I; Table 1); CD 9614 left I3.
DIAGNOSIS AND DISCUSSION
 CD 3871 is an almost complete P4, just lacking the mesial border of the protocone.Despite this it can be seen that the protocone was much reduced in comparison with the pantherines. The ectoparastyle is very large, in contrast to Megantereon where there is no ectoparastyle (Christiansen & Adolfssen 2007; KA 64 pers. obs.). Other than the protocone being slightly more anteriorly placed in CD 3871 it is a very good match for the modern cheetah. The isolated lower incisor CD 9614 has a clear accessory cusp on the buccal surface and is a robust tooth with a relatively short crown. Other than the slight difference in the protocone position on the P4, the Cooper’s D specimens match those of the modern cheetah, and are referred to this species.
description: Published as part of O'Regan, Hannah J. & Steininger, Christine, 2017, Felidae from Cooper's Cave, South Africa (Mammalia: Carnivora), pp. 315-332 in Geodiversitas 39 (2) on page 326, DOI: 10.5252/g2017n2a8, http://zenodo.org/record/5206125
A deep learning system for differential diagnosis of skin diseases
Creators: name: Liu, Yuan
name: Jain, Ayush
name: Eng, Clara
name: Way, David H.
name: Lee, Kang
name: Bui, Peggy
name: Kanada, Kimberly
name: Marinho, Guilherme de Oliveira
name: Gallegos, Jessica
name: Gabriele, Sara
name: Gupta, Vishakha
name: Singh, Nalini
name: Natarajan, Vivek
name: Hofmann-Wellenhof, Rainer
name: Corrado, Greg S.
name: Peng, Lily H.
name: Webster, Dale R.
name: Ai, Dennis
name: Huang, Susan
name: Liu, Yun
name: Dunn, R. Carter
name: Coz, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Skin conditions affect an estimated 1.9 billion people worldwide. A shortage of dermatologists causes long wait times and leads patients to seek dermatologic care from general practitioners. However, the diagnostic accuracy of general practitioners has been reported to be only 0.24-0.70 (compared to 0.77-0.96 for dermatologists), resulting in referral errors, delays in care, and errors in diagnosis and treatment. In this paper, we developed a deep learning system (DLS) to provide a differential diagnosis of skin conditions for clinical cases (skin photographs and associated medical histories). The DLS distinguishes between 26 skin conditions that represent roughly 80% of the volume of skin conditions seen in primary care. The DLS was developed and validated using de-identified cases from a teledermatology practice serving 17 clinical sites via a temporal split: the first 14,021 cases for development and the last 3,756 cases for validation. On the validation set, where a panel of three board-certified dermatologists defined the reference standard for every case, the DLS achieved 0.71 and 0.93 top-1 and top-3 accuracies respectively. For a random subset of the validation set (n=963 cases), 18 clinicians reviewed the cases for comparison. On this subset, the DLS achieved a 0.67 top-1 accuracy, non-inferior to board-certified dermatologists (0.63, p<0.001), and higher than primary care physicians (PCPs, 0.45) and nurse practitioners (NPs, 0.41). The top-3 accuracy showed a similar trend: 0.90 DLS, 0.75 dermatologists, 0.60 PCPs, and 0.55 NPs. These results highlight the potential of the DLS to augment general practitioners to accurately diagnose skin conditions by suggesting differential diagnoses that may not have been considered. Future work will be needed to prospectively assess the clinical impact of using this tool in actual clinical workflows.
Pulse Bifurcations and Instabilities in an Excitable Medium: Computations in Finite Ring Domains
Creators: name: Or-Guil, M.
name: Krishnan, J.
name: Kevrekidis, I. G.
name: Bar, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the instabilities and bifurcations of traveling pulses in a model excitable medium; in particular we discuss three different scenarios for the loss of stability resp. the disappearance of stable pulses. In numerical simulations beyond the instabilities we observe replication of pulses (backfiring) resulting in complex periodic or spatiotemporally chaotic dynamics as well as modulated traveling pulses. We approximate the linear stability of traveling pulses through computations in a finite albeit large domain with periodic boundary conditions. The critical eigenmodes at the onset of the instabilities are related to the resulting spatiotemporal dynamics and act upon the back of the pulses. The first scenario has been analyzed earlier for high excitability resp. low excitation threshold: it involves the collision of a stable pulse branch with an unstable pulse branch in a so called T-point.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures
Naked singularities in three-dimensions
Creators: name: Oliveira-Neto, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study an analytical solution to the Einstein's equations in 2+1-dimensions, representing the self-similar collapse of a circularly symmetric, minimally coupled, massless, scalar field. Depending on the value of certain parameters, this solution represents the formation of naked singularities. Since our solution is asymptotically flat, these naked singularities may be relevant for the weak cosmic censorship conjecture in 2+1-dimensions.
description: Revtex version, 11 pages and 1 eps figure
Hybride Identitäten – muslimische Migrantinnen und Migranten in Deutschland und Europa
Creators: name: Foroutan, Naika
name: Schäfer, Isabel
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Identität
subject: Migration
subject: Deutschland
subject: Europa
subject: Islam
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften

description: Im Prozess der Entfremdung zwischen der Mehrheitsgesellschaft und muslimischen Migranten können Menschen, die sich unterschiedlichen kulturellen Räumen zugehörig fühlen, stärker als Vermittler agieren.
VGOS CRF: using radio multiband data to create a CRF for geodesy
Creators: name: Krasna, Hana
name: Jacobs, Christopher S.
name: Schartner, Matthias
name: Charlot, Patrick
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2024

description: The next generation Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) Global Observing System (VGOS) for geodesy and astrometry simultaneously observes the active galactic nuclei in four radio bands, ranging from 3 to 11 GHz. The goal of VGOS is to improve the accuracy of geodetic and astrometric data products, such as the Earth orientation parameters or the terrestrial and celestial reference frames. We present the celestial reference frame (CRF) estimated from 1.39 million group delays coming from 145 VGOS Operational (VGOS-OPS) and 10 Research and Development (VGOS-R&D) 24-hour sessions until 2024.0.
LISA data analysis I: Doppler demodulation
Creators: name: Cornish, Neil
name: Larson, Shane
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The orbital motion of the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) produces amplitude, phase and frequency modulation of a gravitational wave signal. The modulations have the effect of spreading a monochromatic gravitational wave signal across a range of frequencies. The modulations encode useful information about the source location and orientation, but they also have the deleterious affect of spreading a signal across a wide bandwidth, thereby reducing the strength of the signal relative to the instrument noise. We describe a simple method for removing the dominant, Doppler, component of the signal modulation. The demodulation reassembles the power from a monochromatic source into a narrow spike, and provides a quick way to determine the sky locations and frequencies of the brightest gravitational wave sources.
description: 5 pages, 7 figures. References and new comments added
Additional file 4 of High leukocyte mitochondrial DNA copy number contributes to poor prognosis in breast cancer patients
Creators: name: Zhang, Wenzhe
name: Lin, Songping
name: Zeng, Bangwei
name: Chen, Xiaobin
name: Chen, Lili
name: Chen, Minyan
name: Guo, Wenhui
name: Lin, Yuxiang
name: Yu, Liuwen
name: Hou, Jialin
name: Li, Yan
name: Li, Shengmei
name: Jin, Xuan
name: Cai, Weifeng
name: Zhang, Kun
name: Nie, Qian
name: Chen, Hanxi
name: Li, Jing
name: He, Peng
name: Cai, Qindong
name: Qiu, Yibin
name: Wang, Chuan
name: Fu, Fangmeng
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 4
Sozial-ökologisch nachhaltige Innenentwicklung in urbanen Räumen
Creators: name: Kaufmann, David
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2024
Subjects: Densification
URBAN DEVELOPMENT (URBAN PLANNING)
urban sustainable development
urban transformation
URBAN PLANNING (BUILT ENVIRONMENT)
URBANIZATION (URBAN STUDIES)
URBANIZATION (SOCIOLOGY)
SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT (PHYSICAL PLANNING)

description: Die heutige Zeit ist geprägt von vielschichtigen Krisen wie dem Klimawandel, endliche Ressourcen und sozialer Ungleichheit. Diese Krisen zeigen sich insbesondere in urbanen Räumen. Transformative Massnahmen werden dringlich und die sollten gleichermassen sozial und ökologisch ausgerichtet sein. In diesem Kontext spielt die Stadtentwicklung und die Wohnbaupolitik eine entscheidende Rolle. Konkret geht es in der Schweiz, um eine nachhaltige Transformation des Gebäudebestands, um das Vermeidung von Ersatzneubauten und die Minimierung von sozial-räumlichen Ungleichheiten. Zudem zeigt die Forschung, dass soziale und ökologische Begleitmassnahmen auch die Akzeptanz von Wohnbautätigkeiten in der Bevölkerung erhöhen. Es ist an der Zeit, dass die sozial-ökologische urbane Transformation offenisv anzugehen.
An Examination of the Volatile Nature of Grass Production in Ireland
Creators: name: O'Connor, Declan
name: Hennessy, Deirdre
name: Shalloo, Laurence
name: Hurtado-Uria, Cristina
name: O'Connor, Declan
name: Hennessy, Deirdre
name: Shalloo, Laurence
name: Hurtado-Uria, Cristina
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: Grass Production
subject: Volatility
subject: Risk Management
subject: Risk Management Tools

description: Grass production provides Irish dairy farmers with a competitive advantage over many of their mainland European counterparts by providing a cheap feed source. The temperate climate in Ireland favours the production of grass, however production is highly seasonal with little growth over the winter period. This seasonal pattern of grass production in turn has resulted in predominantly spring calving dairy herds and has limited the development of the dairy product portfolio in Ireland which has created a reliance on dairy commodities. As Ireland exports approximately 80% of its dairy output, recent substantial increases in market price volatility has resulted in increased price volatility at farm level. The increased price volatility at market and farm level has been well documented; however the volatility of farm inputs has received little attention to date. In this paper the seasonal and volatile nature of grass production is presented and compared with other Irish crops. As Irish dairy and beef farmers expand production in the post quota environment the optimal use of grass as a feed source will be central to their competitive position. The volatile nature of this resource will require improved pasture management along with improved risk management tools. A number of possible tools are discussed in the latter part of this paper.
Thought experiments that shed light on the nature of optical linear and angular momenta
Creators: name: Mansuripur, Masud
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Invoking tools and techniques from elementary theories of classical electrodynamics and special relativity, we analyze some of the thought experiments that have contributed substantively to the conceptual development and understanding of the linear and angular momenta of light.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures, 34 equations, 13 references
Economies of Size in Public Schools: A Comparison of North Dakota and Indiana Data
Creators: name: Debertin, David L.
name: Huie, John M.
name: Debertin, David L.
name: Huie, John M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1976
Subjects: subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: educational economics
subject: rural schools
subject: educational finance

description: Data from two states are used for an analysis of the extent to which savings can be achieved through school consolidation. The relationship between per pupil expenditures and enrollment is examined. It is shown that per pupil expenditures for instruction are linked to teachers salaries and pupil/teacher ratios via a simple mathematical relationship. Differences in per pupil expenditures for instruction among school districts for both North Dakota and Indiana are due primarily to variation in pupil/teacher ratios. Teachers’ salaries in both North Dakota and Indiana increase as enrollments increase. For expenditures other than instruction, very little evidence was found for potential savings due to increases in enrollment.
Plasticity and transfer in the sound system: exposure to syllables in production or perception changes their subsequent production
Creators: name: Bürki, Audrey
name: Viebahn, Malte
name: Gafos, Adamantios
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: This study focuses on the ability of the adult sound system to reorganise as a result of experience. Participants were exposed to existing and novel syllables in either a listening task or a production task over the course of two days. On the third day, they named disyllabic pseudowords while their electroencephalogram was recorded. The first syllable of these pseudowords had either been trained in the auditory modality, trained in production or had not been trained. The EEG response differed between existing and novel syllables for untrained but not for trained syllables, indicating that training novel sound sequences modifies the processes involved in the production of these sequences to make them more similar to those underlying the production of existing sound sequences. Effects of training on the EEG response were observed both after production training and mere auditory exposure.
Mass Transfer between Double White Dwarfs
Creators: name: Marsh, T. R.
name: Nelemans, G.
name: Steeghs, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Three periodically variable stars have recently been discovered (V407 Vul, P=9.5 min; ES Cet, P=10.3 min; RX J0806.3+1527, P=5.3 min) with properties that suggest that their photometric periods are also their orbital periods, making them the most compact binary stars known. If true, this might indicate that close, detached, double white dwarfs are able to survive the onset of mass transfer caused by gravitational wave radiation and emerge as the semi-detached, hydrogen-deficient stars known as the AM CVn stars. The accreting white dwarfs in such systems are large compared to the orbital separations. This has two effects: first it makes it likely that the mass transfer stream can hit the accretor directly, and second it causes a loss of angular momentum from the orbit which can destabilise the mass transfer unless the angular momentum lost to the accretor can be transferred back to the orbit. The effect of the destabilisation is to reduce the number of systems which survive mass transfer by as much as one hundred-fold. In this paper we analyse this destabilisation and the stabilising effect of a dissipative torque between the accretor and the binary orbit. We obtain analytic criteria for the stability of both disc-fed and direct impact accretion, and carry out numerical integrations to assess the importance of secondary effects, the chief one being that otherwise stable systems can exceed the Eddington accretion rate. We show that to have any effect upon survival rates, the synchronising torque must act on a timescale of order 1000 years or less. If synchronisation torques are this strong, then they will play a significant role in the spin rates of white dwarfs in cataclysmic variable stars as well.
description: 17 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication by MNRAS
Hate Speech Detection on Vietnamese Social Media Text using the Bi-GRU-LSTM-CNN Model
Creators: name: Van Huynh, Tin
name: Nguyen, Vu Duc
name: Van Nguyen, Kiet
name: Nguyen, Ngan Luu-Thuy
name: Nguyen, Anh Gia-Tuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In recent years, Hate Speech Detection has become one of the interesting fields in natural language processing or computational linguistics. In this paper, we present the description of our system to solve this problem at the VLSP shared task 2019: Hate Speech Detection on Social Networks with the corpus which contains 20,345 human-labeled comments/posts for training and 5,086 for public-testing. We implement a deep learning method based on the Bi-GRU-LSTM-CNN classifier into this task. Our result in this task is 70.576% of F1-score, ranking the 5th of performance on public-test set.
description: Technical Report, VLSP Workshop 2019
Let the best sim win!: Benchmarking simulators for deformable object manipulation
Creators: name: Heckers, Sebastian
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2024

description: This thesis presents a comprehensive evaluation of physics-based simulation frameworks for deformable object manipulation in robotics. The study focuses on benchmarking the performance of the simulation frameworks MuJoCo and Isaac Gym across various metrics such as rendering capability, memory usage, speed, and compatibility with open-source software. Through extensive testing and analysis, it was found that MuJoCo offers highly optimized simulations on single CPU cores, albeit with stability limitations. On the other hand, Isaac Gym provides GPU-accelerated solvers that excel in handling large meshes with stability and robustness. The choice between the two frameworks depends on the specific requirements of the application. While MuJoCo is suitable for a wide range of tasks with efficient CPU simulations, Isaac Gym is preferable for scenarios involving large deformable objects and reinforcement learning training.
Additivity of Entanglement of Formation of Two Three-level-antisymmetric States
Creators: name: Shimono, Toshiyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum entanglement is the quantum information processing resource. Thus it is of importance to understand how much of entanglement particular quantum states have, and what kinds of laws entanglement and also transformation between entanglement states subject to. Therefore, it is essentialy important to use proper measures of entanglement which have nice properties. One of the major candidates of such measures is "entanglement of formation", and whether this measurement is additive or not is an important open problem. We aim at certain states so-called "antisymmetric states" for which the additivity are not solved as far as we know, and show the additivity for two of them. Keywords: quantum entanglement, entanglement of formation, additivity of entanglement measures, antisymmetric states.
description: 6 pages, 1 figures
Impacts of Socioeconomic Characteristics of a Region on the Availability of Resources for Public Education
Creators: name: Debertin, David L.
name: Huie, John M.
name: Debertin, David L.
name: Huie, John M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1976
Subjects: subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Public Economics
subject: educational economics
subject: public finance
subject: rural education

description: This study examines the impacts of socioeconomic characteristics of a region on the availability of resources for public elementary and secondary education. A public school administrator is assumed to be confronted with a problem analogous to that confronted by any other firm manager. An administrator allocates available tax dollars among alternative uses within the school system.
Atomic lines in infrared spectra for ultracool dwarfs
Creators: name: Lyubchik, Yu.
name: Jones, H. R. A.
name: Pavlenko, Ya. V.
name: Viti, S.
name: Pickering, J. C.
name: Blackwell-Whitehead, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide a set of atomic lines which are suitable for the description of ultracool dwarf spectra from 10000 to 25000 Å. This atomic linelist was made using both synthetic spectra calculations and existing atlases of infrared spectra of Arcturus and Sunspot umbra. We present plots, which show the comparison of synthetic spectra and observed Arcturus and Sunspot umbral spectra for all atomic lines likely to be observable in high resolution infrared spectra.
description: 21 pages, 2 tables, 129 figures, figures are available only at http://www.astro.livjm.ac.uk/~hraj/spectralatlas/index.html, accepted to A&A
20 years of developments in optical frequency comb technology and applications
Creators: name: Fortier, Tara
name: Baumann, Esther
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Optical frequency combs were developed nearly two decades ago to support the world's most precise atomic clocks. Acting as precision optical synthesizers, frequency combs enable the precise transfer of phase and frequency information from a high-stability reference to hundreds of thousands of tones in the optical domain. This versatility, coupled with near-continuous spectroscopic coverage from the terahertz to the extreme ultra-violet, has enabled precision measurement capabilities in both fundamental and applied contexts. This review takes a tutorial approach to illustrate how 20 years of source development and technology has facilitated the journey of optical frequency combs from the lab into the field.
The 2m <= r property of spherically symmetric static spacetimes
Creators: name: Mars, Marc
name: Martin-Prats, M. M.
name: Senovilla, Jose M. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We prove that all spherically symmetric static spacetimes which are both regular at r=0 and satisfying the single energy condition rho + p_r + p_t >= 0 cannot contain any black hole region (equivalently, they must satisfy 2m/r <= 1 everywhere). This result holds even when the spacetime is allowed to contain a finite number of matching hypersurfaces. This theorem generalizes a result by Baumgarte and Rendall when the matter contents of the space-time is a perfect fluid and also complements their results in the general non-isotropic case.
description: Latex, no figures
Consumer attitudes and willingness to pay for attributes of food, in particular from New Zealand
Creators: name: Saunders, Caroline
name: Guenther, Meike
name: Tait, Peter
name: Saunders, John
name: Saunders, Caroline
name: Guenther, Meike
name: Tait, Peter
name: Saunders, John
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Willingness to pay
subject: Choice experiment
subject: Food labelling
subject: Sustainability
subject: Cross-country comparison

description: For New Zealand, assessing consumer attitudes in global food markets, is important to maximizing the value of exports. This study aims to assess consumer attitudes and preferences towards a number of food attributes and origins. These attributes include factors such as quality and safety but also animal welfare, environmental quality and recyclability and the willingness to pay (WTP) for these. The overall impact of the WTP for these attributes was calculated using the Lincoln Trade and Environment model (LTEM). The study focuses on the United Kingdom (UK), China and India. Method: Surveys of consumers stratified by social class or income. The LTEM was used to calculate the impact on NZ from the various WTP’s. Results: This study found that consumers valued the attributes positively. In many cases India and China valued attributes more than in the UK especially for environmental quality, animal welfare and recyclable attributes. The LTEM showed the impact on NZ producer returns was significant.
Computational modelling of an auditory lexical decision experiment using jTRACE and TISK
Creators: name: Nenadić, Filip
name: Tucker, Benjamin V.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: We present a series of computational simulations of the auditory lexical decision task using the jTRACE and TISK models of spoken word recognition. Simulation 1 replicates high accuracy in word recognition and similar performance of these models using the small, default dictionary. Simulation 2 expands the set of words and phonemes, leading to issues in representing certain phonemes in jTRACE. Simulation 3 expands the lexicon of competitors and we find that TISK struggles to select the target word as the winner. Finally, Simulation 4 shows that the decision criteria employed leads to many false positives when pseudowords are presented to the model. None of the model estimates of the time cycle when the winner should be selected predicted participant response latency in the auditory lexical decision task. We discuss these findings and offer suggestions as to what a contemporary model of spoken word recognition should be able to do.
Microplana groga Jones, Webster, Littlewood and Mc Donald 2008
Creators: name: Vila-Farré, Miquel
name: Sluys, Ronald
name: Mateos, Eduardo
name: Jones, Hugh D.
name: Romero, Rafael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Platyhelminthes
Tricladida
Geoplanidae
Microplana
Microplana groga

description: Microplana groga Jones, Webster, Littlewood and Mc Donald, 2008
(Figures 1, 2, Table 1)
 Material examined
The slides used for the identification of these animals from the area of el Montseny, el Molar (Catalunya, Northeastern Spain, one specimen, 1 February 2004), unfortunately have been lost.
 Comparative discussion
 Jones et al. (2008) described this species on the basis of five individuals previously identified as M. terrestris by Mateos et al. (1998). The individual presented here is attributed to M. groga and belongs to a population approximately 50 km from the type locality. It presents characteristics similar to those of the animals described by Jones et al. (2008) but it is externally different (Figure 3A). Instead of being “reddish to black” it is cream with small darker spots covering the entire dorsal surface. However, the copulatory apparatus (Figure 3B) is similar to that of M. groga, albeit that in our specimen the circular muscle layer surrounding the ejaculatory duct is stronger. Although we have observed differences between the external morphology of this specimen and M. groga we believe that both populations belong to the same species because of the similarities in the structure of the copulatory apparatus. Only after collecting new material will we be able to discern whether these are separate species rather than one, variable species.
description: Published as part of Vila-Farré, Miquel, Sluys, Ronald, Mateos, Eduardo, Jones, Hugh D. & Romero, Rafael, 2011, Land planarians (Platyhelminthes: Tricladida: Geoplanidae) from the Iberian Peninsula: new records and description of two new species, with a discussion on ecology, pp. 869-891 in Journal of Natural History 45 (15 - 16) on page 872, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2010.536267, http://zenodo.org/record/5203496
Assessing consumer preferences and willingness to pay for NZ food attributes in China, India and the UK
Creators: name: Saunders, Caroline
name: Guenther, Meike
name: Tait, Peter
name: Saunders, John
name: Saunders, Caroline
name: Guenther, Meike
name: Tait, Peter
name: Saunders, John
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Willingness to pay
subject: Choice experiment
subject: Food labelling
subject: Sustainability
subject: Cross-country comparison

description: Understanding international consumer preferences and attitudes towards food is important in maximizing the value of food exports. This study aims at assessing these preferences and attitudes towards a number of food attributes, alongside consumer’s willingness to pay (WTP) for food certified for these attributes. These attributes include basic attributes such as price and quality, but also extend to environmental and social attributes such as recyclability and animal welfare. The study focuses on China, India and the UK, being three important export markets for New Zealand’s food exports, and the global impact of the WTP for each of these countries has been modelled using the Lincoln Trade and Environment Model (LTEM). Method: Surveys of consumers in each country, stratified by social class or income. Modelled trade and production from the various WTP’s from the LTEM. Results: This study found that consumers valued the attributes positively and were willing to pay up to 10 per cent extra for certified food products. In many cases India and China valued attributes more than in the UK especially environmental quality, animal welfare and recyclable attributes. The LTEM showed the impact on New Zealand and EU (European Union-27) producer returns was significant.
Canonical Scalar Field Inflation with a Woods-Saxon Potential
Creators: name: Oikonomou, V. K.
name: Chatzarakis, N. Th.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper focuses on the realization of an inflationary model from a canonical scalar field theory with a Woods-Saxon potential, in the slow-roll approximation. Our analysis indicates that the observable quantities derived theoretically from our model, namely the spectral index of the primordial scalar curvature perturbations and the tensor-to-scalar ratio, are compatible with the latest Planck collaboration data. We also discuss the qualitative features of the potential, and we show that the value of the scalar field for which the graceful exit occurs, coincides with the inflection point of the scalar potential. We also attempt to study the post-inflation reheating phase of the model, in order to further examine the viability of the Woods-Saxon scalar field model, and as we demonstrate the results indicate viability of the model for this era too, however the instantaneous reheating is not allowed for the model at hand.
Priming syntactic ambiguity resolution in children and adults
Creators: name: Havron, Naomi
name: Scaff, Camila
name: Carbajal, Maria Julia
name: Linzen, Tal
name: Barrault, Axel
name: Christophe, Anne
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Pharmacology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Adults use their recent experience to disambiguate ambiguous sentences: Structures that have recently been primed are favoured in the resolution of different types of ambiguity, an example of structural priming. Research on children's use of recent information for disambiguation is scarce. Using a forced-choice task with a tablet, we asked whether 5–6-year-old French-speaking children could also be primed in the resolution of attachment ambiguities, as well as whether listeners are affected by the proportion of primes of each structure, and whether priming is cumulative. We found that both children and adults can be primed, and are sensitive to the proportion of structures in the input, and that priming effects cumulate as the experiment progresses. This is the first study showing priming of ambiguous sentences at 5–6 years, suggesting that children, like adults, use recent experience as a source of disambiguating information.
Thermodynamics of black holes with an infinite effective area of a horizon
Creators: name: Zaslavskii, O. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In some kinds of classical dilaton theory there exist black holes with (i) infinite horizon area $A$ or infinite $F$ (the coefficient at curvature in Lagrangian) and (ii) zero Hawking temperature $T_{H}$. For a generic static black hole, without an assumption about spherical symmetry, we show that infinite $A$ is compatible with a regularity of geometry in the case $T_{H}=0$ only. We also point out that infinite $T_{H}$ is incompatible with the regularity of a horizon of a generic static black hole, both for finite or infinite $A$. Direct application of the standard Euclidean approach in the case of an infinite ''effective'' area of the horizon $A_{eff}=AF$ leads to inconsistencies in the variational principle and gives for a black hole entropy $S$ an indefinite expression, formally proportional to $T_{H}A_{eff}$. We show that treating a horizon as an additional boundary (that is, adding to the action some terms calculated on the horizon) may restore self-consistency of the variational procedure, if $F$ near the horizon grows not too rapidly. We apply this approach to Brans-Dicke black holes and obtain the same answer S=0 as for ''usual'' (for example, Reissner-Nordström) extreme classical black holes. We also consider the exact solution for a conformal coupling, when $A$ is finite but $F$ diverges and find that in the latter case both the standard and modified approach give rise to an infinite action. Thus, this solution represents a rare exception of a black hole without nontrivial thermal properties.
description: 24 pages. Accepted for publication in Class. Quant. Grav
Invariant-mass spectroscopy of $^{14}$O excited states
Creators: name: Charity, R. J.
name: Brown, K. W.
name: Okolowicz, J.
name: Ploszajczak, M.
name: Elson, J. E.
name: Reviol, W.
name: Sobotka, L. G.
name: Buhro, W. W.
name: Chajecki, Z.
name: Lynch, W. G.
name: Manfredi, J.
name: Shane, R.
name: Showalter, R. H.
name: Tsang, M. B.
name: Weisshaar, D.
name: Winkelbauer, J. R.
name: Bedoor, S.
name: Wuosmaa, A. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Excited states in $^{14}$O have been investigated both experimentally and theoretically. Experimentally, these states were produced via neutron-knockout reactions with a fast $^{15}$O beam and the invariant-mass technique was employed to isolate the 1$p$ and 2$p$ decay channels and determine their branching ratios. The spectrum of excited states was also calculated with the Shell Model Embedded in the Continuum that treats bound and scattering states in a unified model. By comparing energies, widths and decay branching patterns, spin and parity assignments for all experimentally observed levels below 8 MeV are made. This includes the location of the second 2$^{+}$ state that we find is in near degeneracy with the third 0$^{+}$ state. An interesting case of sequential 2$p$ decay through a pair of degenerate $^{13}$N excited states with opposite parities was found where the interference between the two sequential decay pathways produces an unusual relative-angle distribution between the emitted protons.
description: 19 pages, 20 figures
Complexity and Emergence of Warped $\text{AdS}_3$ Space-time from Chiral Liouville Action
Creators: name: Ghodrati, Mahdis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we explore the complexity path integral optimization process for the case of warped $\text{AdS}_3$/warped $\text{CFT}_2$ correspondence. We first present the specific renormalization flow equations and analyze the differences with the case of CFT. We discuss how the "chiral Liouville action" could replace the Liouville action as the suitable cost function for this case. Starting from the other side of the story, we also show how the deformed Liouville actions could be derived from the spacelike, timelike and null warped metrics and how the behaviors of boundary topological terms creating these metrics, versus the deformation parameter are consistent with our expectations. As the main results of this work, we develop many holographic tools for the case of warped $\text{AdS}_3$, which include the tensor network structure for the chiral warped CFTs, entangler function, surface/state correspondence, quantum circuits of Kac-Moody algebra and kinematic space of WAdS/WCFTs. In addition, we discuss how and why the path-integral complexity should be generalized and propose several other examples such as Polyakov, p-adic strings and Zabrodin actions as the more suitable cost functions to calculate the circuit complexity.
description: 62 pages, 9 figures, v2: references added
Socio-economic Features of the Agro-pastoralists in the Zarafshan Valley, NW Tajikistan
Creators: name: Avazov, Shakhzod
name: Avazov, Shakhzod
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: International Development
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Zarafshan valley
subject: agro-pastoral communities of Western part of Tajikistan
subject: local fodder management practices
subject: socio-economic features

description: This paper analyzes the livelihood of the agro-pastoral communities of Western part of Tajikistan, the Zarafshan valley. The data were amassed on current fodder management practices in eighteen villages through households as well as agro-pastoralists and visual observation on local pasture areas. The interviews and discussions yielded more information on the decision-making processes that dehkans (farmers) employ to determine the quantity and composition of feed offered to livestock at particular times of the year. Among the influences to decisions were constraints to grazing and knowledge of appropriate lopping regimes for different animal fodder species. Varying degrees of access to off-farm fodder sources and the numbers of livestock kept by different households were also seen to affect fodder management decisions. Development activities aimed at labour use to fodder collection and the exchange of local knowledge regarding local fodder management are most likely to result in improvements in the levels of fodder supply for the majority of households in the short term. The variations were discussed within site-specific dehkan groups and between group representatives at a series of workshops. According to the results, stable type, number of cattle, size of cultivated land, labor availability per household, existence of small ruminant flock in the village, and the number of small ruminants were found to be most important factors affecting household economic status. It was concluded that more robust and long-term studies should be conducted using a wider variation in grassland quality to confirm the study findings.
Cosmological billiards and oxidation
Creators: name: de Buyl, Sophie
name: Henneaux, Marc
name: Julia, Bernard
name: Paulot, Louis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show how the properties of the cosmological billiards provide useful information (spacetime dimension and $p$-form spectrum) on the oxidation endpoint of the oxidation sequence of gravitational theories. We compare this approach to the other available methods: $GL(n,R)$ subgroups and the superalgebras of dualities.
description: To appear in the Proceedings of the 27th Johns Hopkins Workshop and in the Proceedings of the 36th International Symposium Ahrenshoop; v2: minor error corrected
A Quantum Computer Architecture using Nonlocal Interactions
Creators: name: Brennen, Gavin K.
name: Song, Daegene
name: Williams, Carl J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Several authors have described the basic requirements essential to build a scalable quantum computer. Because many physical implementation schemes for quantum computing rely on nearest neighbor interactions, there is a hidden quantum communication overhead to connect distant nodes of the computer. In this paper we propose a physical solution to this problem which, together with the key building blocks, provides a pathway to a scalable quantum architecture using nonlocal interactions. Our solution involves the concept of a quantum bus that acts as a refreshable entanglement resource to connect distant memory nodes providing an architectural concept for quantum computers analogous to the von Neumann architecture for classical computers.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, Slight modifications to satisfy referee, 2 new references, modified acknowledgement. This draft to appear in PRA Rapid Communications
Meeting World Food Needs: Food Policy and Population Growth Among the Poorest of the Poor
Creators: name: Schutjer, Wayne A.
name: Stokes, C. Shannon
name: Schutjer, Wayne A.
name: Stokes, C. Shannon
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1982
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development
Food Security and Poverty

description: The current and future world food problem is centered in low income nations and among low income segments of populations world wide. The thesis of this paper is that increases in income and food production in the poorer nations and among low income segments of rural populations elsewhere are likely to aggravate that problem in the first instance. It is after some minimum level of economic well being has been attained that further increases in income will result in reduced family size.
Representation of “T3 sandhi” in mandarin: significance of context
Creators: name: Yaxuan Meng
name: Wynne, Hilary
name: Lahiri, Aditi
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: T3 sandhi in Mandarin is a phonological alternation where two adjacent T3-T3 tones are not allowed and become T[2]-T3. Although this phenomenon has been extensively studied in previous work, concerns about how T3 sandhi is represented in the mental lexicon remain controversial. We approached the issue of representation in a series of cross-modal priming experiments, including two semantic priming experiments with and without context. Our results indicated that T2 failed to prime a target beginning with T3 in a non-sandhi context. However, both T2 and T3 were able to induce semantic activation when appropriate contextual information was present. Conversely, when such information was absent, only T3 activated the lexical entry. Thus, our study suggests that T3 is specified, as expected for dissimilation, and T2 is resolved by a re-writing rule only under appropriate contextual information.
Meeting World Food Needs: Lessons of the Green Revolution
Creators: name: MacKenzie, D. R.
name: MacKenzie, D. R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1982
Subjects: Agribusiness
Environmental Economics and Policy

description: The GREEN REVOLUTION has been offered as an example of both what to do and what not to do as international agriculture development. An appraisal is made of the benefits and consequences of the GREEN REVOLUTION far both wheat and rice. The history of the GREEN REVOLUTION is traced to its origins in pre-war Japan far both its concept and as the source of genetic material. The successful "production technology" approach of the wheat research program in Mexico is compared to the "appropriate technology" of the less successful maize research program. Lessens are drawn from the experience of the GREEN REVOLUTION that may prove helpful when planning or evaluating international agricultural development projects.