cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
How to twirl a hula-hoop
Creators: name: Seyranian, Alexander P.
name: Belyakov, Anton O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 34D05, 34D20, 34D35, 34E05, 34E10

description: We consider twirling of a hula-hoop when the waist of a sportsman moves along an elliptic trajectory close to a circle. For the case of the circular trajectory, two families of exact solutions are obtained. Both of them correspond to twirling of the hula-hoop with a constant angular speed equal to the speed of the excitation. We show that one family of solutions is stable, while the other one is unstable. These exact solutions allow us to obtain approximate solutions for the case of an elliptic trajectory of the waist. We demonstrate that in order to twirl a hula-hoop one needs to rotate the waist with a phase difference lying between π/2 and π. An interesting effect of inverse twirling is described when the waist moves in opposite direction to the hula-hoop rotation. The approximate analytical solutions are compared with the results of numerical simulation
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
Holographic Roberge-Weiss Transitions
Creators: name: Aarts, Gert
name: Kumar, S. Prem
name: Rafferty, James
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate N=4 SYM coupled to fundamental flavours at nonzero imaginary quark chemical potential in the strong coupling and large N limit, using gauge/gravity duality applied to the D3-D7 system, treating flavours in the probe approximation. The interplay between Z(N) symmetry and the imaginary chemical potential yields a series of first-order Roberge-Weiss transitions. An additional thermal transition separates phases where quarks are bound/unbound into mesons. This results in a set of Roberge-Weiss endpoints: we establish that these are triple points, determine the Roberge-Weiss temperature, give the curvature of the phase boundaries and confirm that the theory is analytic in mu^2 when mu^2~0.
description: 37 pages, 13 figures; minor comments added, to appear in JHEP
Vigilancia del entorno efectivo para la productividad de la gestión pública: Caso Universidad Nacional Ucayali, año 2018
Creators: name: Rivas, Jorge Luis Hilario
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Observación
Análisis
Toma de decisión
Académico, administrativo
Gestión pública

description: La tesis doctoral titulada: “Vigilancia del entorno efectivo para la productividad de la gestión pública: Caso Universidad Nacional Ucayali, año 2018”, se ejecutó con la finalidad de explicar, como la selección y el análisis de la información del entorno, repercute en una efectiva toma de decisiones de una universidad. El enfoque que planteo la investigación es cuantitativo debido a que se recolecto datos, para validar la prueba de hipótesis, y realizar el análisis descriptivo de los resultados; el tipo de investigación es básica porque surge de lo desconocido, siendo necesario el descubrimiento constante a través del método científico como iniciativa de solución; el nivel de investigación es descriptivo – correlacional porque se realizó el análisis actual de la organización y sus áreas por medio de sus características, a través de una descripción precisa de los hechos, es decir, recoge información de las variables en estudio; el diseño de la investigación es no experimental – transversal, porque las variables no se manipularon deliberadamente, observándolas en su contexto natural, para luego analizarlas, sin intervención alguna y entregar resultados de aquello que sucede en un determinado tiempo. La técnica es la encuesta, dirigido a los 165 docentes de la universidad, y por ultimo tenemos el análisis documental que representa el contenido de la información, con el propósito de ser usado en el sustento de la investigación. Se concluye que existe una correlación positiva alta de 0.768 entre la variable independiente vigilancia del entorno efectivo y la variable dependiente productividad de la gestión pública, asimismo el análisis inferencial demuestra la validez de la hipótesis (0.05 > Sig. 0.00). Finalmente, se propone un modelo sistémico basado en el enfoque socrático, reivindicando el criterio platónico, donde se establece metas para luego conceptualizarlas, y mediante la observación del entorno materializándolas, comparando lo ejecutado con lo programado, estableciendo prioridades que conlleve a una adecuada toma de decisiones, sin dejar de lado, una mejora continua.
Mimicking Nanoribbon Behavior Using a Graphene Layer on SiC
Creators: name: Lima, Matheus P.
name: Rocha, A. R.
name: da Silva, Antônio J. R.
name: Fazzio, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a natural way to create quantum-confined regions in graphene in a system that allows large-scale device integration. We show, using first-principles calculations, that a single graphene layer on a trenched region of $[000\bar{1}]$ $SiC$ mimics i)the energy bands around the Fermi level and ii) the magnetic properties of free-standing graphene nanoribbons. Depending on the trench direction, either zigzag or armchair nanoribbons are mimicked. This behavior occurs because a single graphene layer over a $SiC$ surface loses the graphene-like properties, which are restored solely over the trenches, providing in this way a confined strip region.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Colloids electrophoresis for strong and weak ion diffusivity
Creators: name: Giupponi, Giovanni
name: Pagonabarraga, Ignacio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the electrophoretic flow of suspensions of charged colloids with a mesoscopic method that allows to model generic experimental conditions. We show that for highly charged colloids their electrophoretic mobility increases significantly and displays a mobility maximum on increasing the colloidal charge for all salt concentrations. The electrophoretic mobility of highly charged colloids is also enhanced significantly when ion advection is dominant, leading to a strong heterogeneity in the local electrophoretic response especially at low salt concentration, when ion diffuse layers overlap.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, Phys. Rev. Lett., in press
On the Application of Non-Gaussian Noise in Stochastic Langevin Simulations
Creators: name: Grønbech-Jensen, Niels
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In light of recent advances in time-step independent stochastic integrators for Langevin equations, we revisit the considerations for using non-Gaussian distributions for the thermal noise term in discrete-time thermostats. We find that the desirable time-step invariance of the modern methods is rooted in the Gaussian noise, and that deviations from this distribution will distort the Boltzmann statistics arising from the fluctuation-dissipation balance of the integrators. We use the GJ stochastic Verlet methods as the focus of our investigation since these methods are the ones that contain the most accurate thermodynamic measures of existing methods. Within this set of methods we find that any distribution of applied noise, which satisfies the two first moments given by the fluctuation-dissipation theorem, will result in correct, time-step independent results that are generated by the first two moments of the system coordinates. However, if non-Gaussian noise is applied, undesired deviations in higher moments of the system coordinates will appear to the detriment of several important thermodynamic measures that depend especially on the fourth moments. The deviations, induced by non-Gaussian noise, become significant with the one-time-step velocity attenuation, thereby inhibiting the benefits of the methods. Thus, we conclude that the application of Gaussian noise is necessary for reliable thermodynamic results when using modern stochastic thermostats with large time steps.
description: Key revision from v.1 is the inclusion of the GJ methods in splitting form (Eq. (11)) with explicit half-step velocity
Kinematic Evidence of an Embedded Protoplanet in HD 142666 Identified by Machine Learning
Creators: name: Terry, J. P.
name: Hall, C.
name: Abreau, S.
name: Gleyzer, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Observations of protoplanetary disks have shown that forming exoplanets leave characteristic imprints on the gas and dust of the disk. In the gas, these forming exoplanets cause deviations from Keplerian motion, which can be detected through molecular line observations. Our previous work has shown that machine learning can correctly determine if a planet is present in these disks. Using our machine learning models, we identify strong, localized non-Keplerian motion within the disk HD 142666. Subsequent hydrodynamics simulations of a system with a 5 Jupiter-mass planet at 75 au recreates the kinematic structure. By currently established standards in the field, we conclude that HD 142666 hosts a planet. This work represents a first step towards using machine learning to identify previously overlooked non-Keplerian features in protoplanetary disks.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures, 1 table. Accepted to ApJ
Динамика публикаций Республики Беларусь в Scopus. Компаративный анализ
Creators: name: Галынский, Владимир Михайлович
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: научные публикации
публикационная деятельность
индексы цитирования
Республика Беларусь
университетские библиотеки
Scopus

description: В докладе описывается динамика научных публикаций авторов Республики Беларусь в Scopus, дается сравнительный анализ по показателям, а также приводятся возможности университетских библиотек для поддержки исследовательской и публикационной деятельности.
The e-TidalGCs Project: Modeling the extra-tidal features generated by Galactic globular clusters
Creators: name: Ferrone, Salvatore
name: Di Matteo, Paola
name: Mastrobuono-Battisti, Alessandra
name: Haywood, Misha
name: Snaith, Owain N.
name: Montouri, Marco
name: Khoperskov, Sergey
name: Valls-Gabaud, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the e-TidalGCs Project which aims at modeling and predicting the extra-tidal features surrounding all Galactic globular clusters for which 6D phase space information, masses and sizes are available (currently 159 globular clusters). We focus the analysis and presentation of the results on the distribution of extra-tidal material on the sky, and on the different structures found at different heliocentric distances. We emphasize the wide variety of morphologies found: beyond the canonical tidal tails, our models reveal that the extra-tidal features generated by globular clusters take a wide variety of shapes, from thin and elongated shapes, to thick, and complex halo-like structures. We also compare some of the most well studied stellar streams found around Galactic globular clusters to our model predictions, namely those associated to the clusters NGC 3201, NGC 4590, NGC 5466 and Pal 5. Additionally, we investigate how the distribution and extension in the sky of the simulated streams vary with the Galactic potential by making use of three different models, containing or not a central spheroid, or a stellar bar. Overall, our models predict that the mass lost by the current globular cluster population in the field from the last 5 Gyrs is between $0.3-2.1\times10^{7}M_{\odot}$, an amount comparable between 7-55 % of current mass. Most of this lost mass is found in the inner Galaxy, with the half-mass radius of this population being between 4-6 kpc. The outputs of the simulations will be publicly available, at a time when the ESA Gaia mission and complementary spectroscopic surveys are delivering exquisite data to which these models can be compared.
description: 51 pages, 34 figures, Accepted for publication on A&A
Room-temperature steady-state optomechanics entanglement on a chip
Creators: name: Zou, Chang-Ling
name: Zou, Xu-Bo
name: Sun, Fang-Wen
name: Han, Zheng-Fu
name: Guo, Guang-Can
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A potential experimental system, based on the Silicon Nitride (SiN) material, is proposed to generate steady-state room-temperature optomechanical entanglement. In the proposed structure, the nanostring interacts dispersively and reactively with the microdisk cavity via the evanescent field. We study the role of both dispersive and reactive coupling in generating optomechanical entanglement, and show that the room-temperature entanglement can be effectively obtained through the dispersive couplings within the reasonable experimental parameters. In particular, we find, in the high Temperature ($T$) and high mechanical qualify factor ($Q_{m}$) limit, the logarithmic entanglement depends only on the ratio $T/Q_{m}$. This means that improvements in the material quantity and structure design may lead to more efficient generation of stationary high-temperature entanglement.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
title: ÐÑÐ¿Ð¾Ð»ÑÐ·Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ ÑÐµÑ Ð½Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸Ð¹ Ð±ÐµÐ½ÑÐ¼Ð°ÑÐºÐ¸Ð½Ð³Ð° Ð² ÑÐµÐºÐ»Ð°Ð¼Ðµ Ð¸ PR (Ð½Ð° Ð¿ÑÐ¸Ð¼ÐµÑÐµ ÐÐÐ "Ð¡ÑÐµÐ½Ð´.ÑÑ")
title: Ð²ÑÐ¿ÑÑÐºÐ½Ð°Ñ ÐºÐ²Ð°Ð»Ð¸ÑÐ¸ÐºÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ° Ð±Ð°ÐºÐ°Ð»Ð°Ð²ÑÐ°
titleType: Subtitle
title: The use of benchmarking technologies in advertising and PR (for example, LLC "StÐµnd.su")
Creators: name: ÐÐ»ÑÐ¸Ð½Ð°, Ð¢Ð°ÑÑÑÐ½Ð°
Publisher: name: Ð¡Ð°Ð½ÐºÑ-ÐÐµÑÐµÑÐ±ÑÑÐ³ÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ ÑÐ½Ð¸Ð²ÐµÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑ ÐÐµÑÑÐ° ÐÐµÐ»Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾
Year: 2019
Subjects: Ð±ÐµÐ½ÑÐ¼Ð°ÑÐºÐ¸Ð½Ð³
ÑÐµÑ Ð½Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸Ð¸ Ð±ÐµÐ½ÑÐ¼Ð°ÑÐºÐ¸Ð½Ð³Ð°
ÑÐµÐºÐ»Ð°Ð¼Ð°
Ð¼ÐµÑÐ¾Ð´Ñ Ð±ÐµÐ½ÑÐ¼Ð°ÑÐºÐ¸Ð½Ð³Ð°
Ð¸Ð½ÑÐµÑÐ½ÐµÑ-ÑÐµÑ Ð½Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸Ð¸
pr-ÑÐµÑ Ð½Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸Ð¸
ÑÐµÐºÐ»Ð°Ð¼Ð½Ð°Ñ Ð´ÐµÑÑÐµÐ»ÑÐ½Ð¾ÑÑÑ
benchmarking
technology benchmarking
advertising
benchmarking methods
internet technology
pr-technologies
advertising activities

description: Ð¦ÐµÐ»Ñ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÑ Ð·Ð°ÐºÐ»ÑÑÐ°ÐµÑÑÑ Ð² Ð¸ÑÑÐ»ÐµÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ð¸ ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸Ð¹ Ð±ÐµÐ½ÑÐ¼Ð°ÑÐºÐ¸Ð½Ð³Ð° Ñ ÑÐµÐ»ÑÑ Ð¿ÑÐ¸Ð¼ÐµÐ½ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð² ÑÐµÐºÐ»Ð°Ð¼Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ Ð´ÐµÑÑÐµÐ»ÑÐ½Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸ ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¿Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ð¸. ÐÐ½Ð°Ð»Ð¸Ð· Ð¸ ÑÐ¾Ð²ÐµÑÑÐµÐ½ÑÑÐ²Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ ÑÐµÐºÐ»Ð°Ð¼Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ Ð´ÐµÑÑÐµÐ»ÑÐ½Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸ Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð²ÐµÐ´ÐµÐ½Ð¾ Ð½Ð° Ð¿ÑÐ¸Ð¼ÐµÑÐµ ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¿Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ð¸ Â«Ð¡ÑÐµÐ½Ð´.ÑÑÂ». Ð ÑÐµÐ·ÑÐ»ÑÑÐ°ÑÐµ Ð°Ð½Ð°Ð»Ð¸Ð·Ð° Ð±ÑÐ» Ð²ÑÑÐ²Ð»ÐµÐ½ ÑÑÐ´ Ð½ÐµÐ´Ð¾ÑÑÐ°ÑÐºÐ¾Ð² Ð² ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐµÐ¼Ðµ Ð¼Ð°ÑÐºÐµÑÐ¸Ð½Ð³Ð¾Ð²ÑÑ ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¼ÑÐ½Ð¸ÐºÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¸ Ð¿ÑÐµÐ´Ð»Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÐ½ ÑÑÐ´ Ð¼ÐµÑÐ¾Ð¿ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐ¸Ð¹ Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑÐ¾Ð²ÐµÑÑÐµÐ½ÑÑÐ²Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ ÑÐµÐºÐ»Ð°Ð¼Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ Ð´ÐµÑÑÐµÐ»ÑÐ½Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸, Ð² ÐºÐ¾ÑÐ¾ÑÑÑ ÐÐ½ÑÐµÑÐ½ÐµÑ-ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸Ð¸ Ð¸Ð³ÑÐ°ÑÑ Ð³Ð»Ð°Ð²Ð½ÑÑ ÑÐ¾Ð»Ñ.
description: The aim of this work is to study the technology of benchmarking for use in advertising activities of the company. Analysis and improvement of advertising activity is carried out on the example of the company Â«Stend.suÂ».The analysis revealed a number of shortcomings in the system of marketing communications were identified and a number of measures were proposed to improve advertising activities, in which Internet technologies play a major role.
Effect of cerium addition on improvement of mechanical properties of B319 powertrain aluminum alloy
Creators: name: Aghaie, Ermia
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2019

description: Aluminum powertrain alloys, such as B319 has attracted a great deal of attention from automotive industries due to their excellent castability, desirable wear resistance, high strength-to-weight ratio, and high recyclability. The B319 Al alloy has distinct phases and intermetallics. However, at the elevated temperatures (250-300 °C), some phases in the alloy may coarsen and partially dissolve in the Al matrix and decrease the strength of the material. Addition of some elements such as Ce, Sr, and Eu to Al alloys has been reported to have a significant effect on improving the high-temperature mechanical properties of the Al alloys. In this thesis, various amounts of Ce (0.1, 0.3, 0.5, and 1.0 wt.%) were added to the B319 alloy though the casting process to improve the mechanical properties of the alloy at room-temperature and high temperatures (250-300 °C). The microstructure and phase analysis of the alloys were evaluated using SEM/EDS and XRD, respectively. The Thermo-Calc-2019 software was employed to estimate the formation temperature and volume fraction of the phases present in the alloys. Hardness of the specimens was measured using the Vickers micro-hardness tester. Tensile strength of the alloys was also assessed at room-temperature and 250 °C. In addition, to evaluate the long-term thermal stability, the alloys were kept at 250 °C and 300 °C each for 10 days, then the microstructure, microhardness, and high-temperature (250 °C) tensile strength of the specimens were assessed. The presence of the Al2Cu, Q-AlCuMgSi, Si, Al15(Fe,Mn)3Si2, and α-Al phases were detected in all alloys; however, by addition of Ce, the AlCeSi2 and Al3Ce4Si6 intermetallics were also formed in the material. Si had the highest volume fraction in the all specimens, and it was found that the addition of Ce suppressed the size of the Si particles. The results of the mechanical tests revealed that, addition of 0.1%Ce to the B319 alloy substantially improved the tensile strength at room temperature and 250 °C. However, further addition of Ce (0.3, 0.5, 1.0 Wt.%Ce) slightly suppressed the mechanical strength due to formation of the long-needle shape Ce phases and increasing the amount of porosity in the material.
title: Measurement Invariance Widely Holds for the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale
Creators: name: Schulze, Daniel
name: Reuter, Benedikt
name: Elsner, Björn
name: Kathmann, Norbert
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: measurement invariance
subject: factor analysis
subject: Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale
subject: MIMIC models
subject: item cluster approach
subject: 150 Psychologie

description: The clinician-rated Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS) is a widely used assessment tool for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). However, the measurement invariance (MI) properties of the Y-BOCS, a prerequisite for group or time point comparisons in clinical research, have received little attention in previous studies. In this study, we aim to comprehensively investigate the factor structure and MI of the Y-BOCS severity rating and its symptom checklist, utilizing a large sample of OCD patients ( N =  1,066). Our analysis considers various MI covariates, including time (pre- and post-therapy), severity, comorbidity, previous treatments, and demographics. Overall, the majority of tests conducted on the Y-BOCS severity rating and its symptom checklist revealed no substantial issues with MI, reinforcing the validity of the Y-BOCS for comparative clinical research. Specifically, we discuss a three-factor model for the severity rating, contrasting with a two-factor model for obsessions and compulsions when excluding the resistance items. Notably, our findings underscore the advantages and validity of employing latent factors rather than sum scores to model OCD severity and symptoms.
Stump Appendicitis With Appendicolith
Creators: name: MATHEW, RISHI
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: CT
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Inflammation

description: Clinical History Image Findings Discussion Find Diagnosis Differential Diagnosis
description: female, 39 years
description: Clinical History: A 39 year old female patient who underwent appendicectomy two months back presents with severe stabbing pain in right iliac fossa near the scar site since one week. She gives history of two episodes of vomiting. She denied history of fever. Her menstrual ... Final Diagnosis: Stump Appendicitis
Surface magnetic field of the A-type metallic-line star omicron Pegasi revisited
Creators: name: Takeda, Yoichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The bright A-type metallic-line star o Peg was reported in the early 1990s to have a surface magnetic field of ~2kG by analyzing the widths and strengths of spectral lines. In respect that those old studies were of rather empirical or approximate nature and the quality of observational data was not sufficient, this problem has been newly reinvestigated based on physically more rigorous simulations of line flux profiles, along with the observed equivalent widths (W) and full-widths at half-maximum (h) of 198 Fe I and 182 Fe II lines measured from the high-quality spectra. Given the Fe abundance derived from the conventional analysis, theoretical W and h values calculated for various sets of parameters were compared with the observed ones, which lead to the following conclusion regarding (mean field strength). (1) An analysis of W yielded ~1-1.5kG from Fe II lines with the microturbulence of vt~1.5km/s. (2) A comparison of h resulted in ~1.5-2kG as well as the projected rotational velocity of vsini~5km/s. (3) Accordingly, the existence of mean magnetic field on the order of ~1-2kG in o Peg was confirmed, which is almost consistent with the consequence of the previous work.
description: 17 pages including 10 figures and 4 tables (with supplementary materials); accepted for publication in Astronomishe Nachrichten
Code for the paper "Integrating fossil, niche modelling and genetic information to infer past refugia and range shifts in an Iberian endemic vole"
Creators: name: Mestre, Frederico
name: Barbosa, Soraia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 60302 Biogeography and Phylogeography
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: R code for the manuscript "Integrating fossil, niche modelling and genetic information to infer past refugia and range shifts in an Iberian endemic vole"
by:
Frederico Mestre, Soraia Barbosa, José A. Garrido-García, Ricardo Pita, António Mira, Paulo C. Alves, Joana Paupério, Jeremy B. Searle and Pedro Beja
ENM.r - R code for the Ecological Niche Modelling.
rangeExpansion.r - R code used for the range expansion analyses.

MC_coords_107samples_OG.csv - Coordinate file for 107 107 Microtus cabrerae and one Microtus agrestis sample, with lat/long, information regarding the four Evolutionarily Significant Units (ESUs) for M. cabrerae (region), population ID (pop) and if the sample was used as outgroup (outgroup).
MC_GBS_107samples_OG.csv - Genotyping-by-sequencing results for 107 Microtus cabrerae and one Microtus agrestis samples typed at 1,363 biallelic SNP in snapp format.
The "S" Curve Relationship between Export Diversity and Economic Size of Countries
Creators: name: Hu, Lunchao
name: Tian, Kailan
name: Wang, Xin
name: Zhang, Jiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Finance (q-fin.GN)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The highly detailed international trade data among all countries in the world during 1971-2000 shows that the kinds of export goods and the logarithmic GDP (gross domestic production) of a country has an S-shaped relationship. This indicates all countries can be divided into three stages accordingly. First, the poor countries always export very few kinds of products as we expect. Second, once the economic size (GDP) of a country is beyond a threshold, its export diversity may increase dramatically. However, this is not the case for rich countries because a ceiling on the export diversity is observed when their GDPs are higher than another threshold. This pattern is very stable for different years although the concrete parameters of the fitting sigmoid functions may change with time. In addition, we also discussed other relationships such as import diversity with respect to logarithmic GDP, diversity of exporters with respect to the number of export goods etc., all of these relationships show S-shaped or power law patterns. Although this paper does not explain the origin of the S-shaped curve, it may provide a basic empirical fact and insights for economic diversity.
description: 16 pages, 6 figures
Outburst Behaviour of the Dwarf Nova CG Draconis
Creators: name: Usatov, Maxim
name: Shears, Jeremy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: During the British Astronomical Association (BAA) 2022 campaign, 27436 photometric observations of the dwarf nova (DN) CG Draconis were made, with 106 eclipses recorded. This work summarizes the new data available and provides updated ephemeris and commentary on the observed eclipse profiles. The orbital period found is P_orb = 4h31m38s +/- 1s. Two types of quasi-periodic outbursts are identified: normal outbursts, of Delta V of approximately 1.25 mag amplitude, and bright, of Delta V of approximately 1.5 mag. The pattern resembles superoutbursts of SU UMa-type DNe, however, no presence of superhumps characterizing these DNe was found. Given CG Dra is located above the period gap, it may represent a new intermediary subtype between SS Cyg and SU UMa-type stars, or provide support to superoutburst models that do not rely on eccentric accretion disks.
description: Accepted for publication in Astronomische Nachrichten
On the convergence of complex Langevin dynamics: the three-dimensional XY model at finite chemical potential
Creators: name: Aarts, Gert
name: James, Frank A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The three-dimensional XY model is studied at finite chemical potential using complex Langevin dynamics. The validity of the approach is probed at small chemical potential using imaginary chemical potential and continuity arguments, and at larger chemical potential by comparison with the world line method. While complex Langevin works for larger beta, we find that it fails for smaller beta, in the region of the phase diagram corresponding to the disordered phase. Diagnostic tests are developed to identify symptoms correlated with incorrect convergence. We argue that the erroneous behaviour at smaller beta is not due to the sign problem, but rather resembles dynamics observed in complex Langevin simulations of simple models with complex noise.
description: 21 pages, several eps figures; clarification and one figure added, to appear in JHEP
State space dimensionality in short memory hidden variable theories
Creators: name: Montina, Alberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently we have presented a hidden variable model of measurements for a qubit where the hidden variable state space dimension is one-half the quantum state manifold dimension. The absence of a short memory (Markov) dynamics is the price paid for this dimensional reduction. The conflict between having the Markov property and achieving the dimensional reduction was proved in [A. Montina, Phys. Rev. A, 77, 022104 (2008)] using an additional hypothesis of trajectory relaxation. Here we analyze in more detail this hypothesis introducing the concept of invertible process and report a proof that makes clearer the role played by the topology of the hidden variable space. This is accomplished by requiring suitable properties of regularity of the conditional probability governing the dynamics. In the case of minimal dimension the set of continuous hidden variables is identified with an object living an N-dimensional Hilbert space, whose dynamics is described by the Schrödinger equation. A method for generating the economical non-Markovian model for the qubit is also presented.
description: Added a lemma on the dynamical properties of the set S that solves some bugs in the proof of the theorem in section IV
Shadow thermodynamics of the Hayward-AdS black hole
Creators: name: Luo, Zhi
name: Yu, Hao
name: Cao, Shuo
name: Li, Jin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, the phase structure of the Hayward-AdS black hole (BH) is studied using shadow formalism. It has been found that the shadow radius is a monotonic function of the horizon radius and can therefore play an equivalent role to the horizon radius in characterizing the thermodynamics of Hayward-AdS BH. The thermodynamic phase transition (PT) of the Hayward-AdS BH is investigated with the shadow radius. It is shown that as the magnetic charge increases, the shadow radius becomes larger, while the coexistence temperature becomes lower. The thermal profile of the Hayward-AdS BH is established by combining the temperature diagram and the shadow cast diagram, which shows that for a fixed magnetic charge, the temperature of the Hayward-AdS BH increases with the pressure while the region of the thermal profile decreases with the pressure. In particular, the temperature of the Hayward-AdS BH follows an N-type change trend when it is smaller than the critical temperature. This imply that the BH shadow may be used to investigate the thermodynamics of the Hayward-AdS BH.
description: 14 pages, 6 figures
Graviton plus vector boson production to NLO in QCD at the LHC
Creators: name: Kumar, M. C.
name: Mathews, Prakash
name: Ravindran, V.
name: Seth, Satyajit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the next-to-leading order QCD corrections to the associated production of the vector gauge boson ($Z/W^\pm$) and the graviton in the large extra dimension model at the LHC. We estimate the impact of the QCD corrections on the total cross sections as well as the differential distributions of the gauge bosons and find that they are significant. We also study the dependence of the cross sections on the arbitrary factorization scale and show the reduction in the scale uncertainties at NLO level. Further, we discuss the ultraviolet sensitivity of the theoretical predictions.
description: 51 pages and 27 figures
High-fidelity reproduction of central galaxy joint distributions with Neural Networks
Creators: name: Rodrigues, Natália V. N.
name: de Santi, Natalí S. M.
name: Montero-Dorta, Antonio D.
name: Abramo, L. Raul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The relationship between galaxies and haloes is central to the description of galaxy formation, and a fundamental step towards extracting precise cosmological information from galaxy maps. However, this connection involves several complex processes that are interconnected. Machine Learning methods are flexible tools that can learn complex correlations between a large number of features, but are traditionally designed as deterministic estimators. In this work, we use the IllustrisTNG300-1 simulation and apply neural networks in a binning classification scheme to predict probability distributions of central galaxy properties, namely stellar mass, colour, specific star formation rate, and radius, using as input features the halo mass, concentration, spin, age, and the overdensity on a scale of 3 $h^{-1}$ Mpc. The model captures the intrinsic scatter in the relation between halo and galaxy properties, and can thus be used to quantify the uncertainties related to the stochasticity of the galaxy properties with respect to the halo properties. In particular, with our proposed method, one can define and accurately reproduce the properties of the different galaxy populations in great detail. We demonstrate the power of this tool by directly comparing traditional single-point estimators and the predicted joint probability distributions, and also by computing the power spectrum of a large number of tracers defined on the basis of the predicted colour-stellar mass diagram. We show that the neural networks reproduce clustering statistics of the individual galaxy populations with excellent precision and accuracy.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures
Supplementary Materials from Fracture mechanics of rate-and-state faults and fluid injection induced slip
Creators: name: Garagash, Dmitry I.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Geophysics
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Mechanics
subject: 90799 Environmental Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Environmental engineering

description: Propagation of a slip transient on a fault with rate- and state-dependent friction resembles a fracture which near tip region is characterized by large departure of the slip velocity and fault strength from the steady-state sliding. We develop a near tip solution to describe this unsteady dynamics, and obtain the fracture energy GcvrGc(vr)TTVinjdVinj/dt$V_{\textrm {inj\comma total}}^{2}$.This article is part of the theme issue ‘Fracture dynamics of solid materials: from particles to the globe’.
Recovering Missing Slices of the Discrete Fourier Transform using Ghosts
Creators: name: Chandra, Shekhar
name: Svalbe, Imants
name: Guedon, Jeanpierre
name: Kingston, Andrew
name: Normand, Nicolas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) underpins the solution to many inverse problems commonly possessing missing or un-measured frequency information. This incomplete coverage of Fourier space always produces systematic artefacts called Ghosts. In this paper, a fast and exact method for de-convolving cyclic artefacts caused by missing slices of the DFT is presented. The slices discussed here originate from the exact partitioning of DFT space, under the projective Discrete Radon Transform, called the Discrete Fourier Slice Theorem. The method has a computational complexity of O(n log2 n) (where n = N^2) and is constructed from a new Finite Ghost theory. This theory is also shown to unify several aspects of work done on Ghosts over the past three decades. The paper concludes with a significant application to fast, exact, non-iterative image reconstruction from sets of discrete slices obtained for a limited range of projection angles.
description: 10 pages, 18 figures (submitted to IEEE Image Proc.)
Functional approach for pairing in finite systems: How to define restoration of broken symmetries in Energy Density Functional theory ?
Creators: name: Hupin, Guillaume
name: Lacroix, Denis
name: Bender, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Multi-Reference Energy Density Functional (MR-EDF) approach (also called configuration mixing or Generator Coordinate Method), that is commonly used to treat pairing in finite nuclei and project onto particle number, is re-analyzed. It is shown that, under certain conditions, the MR-EDF energy can be interpreted as a functional of the one-body density matrix of the projected state with good particle number. Based on this observation, we propose a new approach, called Symmetry-Conserving EDF (SC-EDF), where the breaking and restoration of symmetry are accounted for simultaneously. We show, that such an approach is free from pathologies recently observed in MR-EDF and can be used with a large flexibility on the density dependence of the functional.
description: proceeding of the conference "Many body correlations from dilute to dense Nuclear systems", Paris, February 2011
Scaling laws for single-file diffusion of adhesive particles
Creators: name: Schweers, Sören
name: Antonov, Alexander P.
name: Ryabov, Artem
name: Maass, Philipp
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Single-file diffusion refers to the Brownian motion in narrow channels where particles cannot pass each other. In such processes, the diffusion of a tagged particle is typically normal at short times and becomes subdiffusive at long times. For hard-sphere interparticle interaction, the time-dependent mean squared displacement of a tracer is well understood. Here we develop a scaling theory for adhesive particles. It provides a full description of the time-dependent diffusive behavior with a scaling function that depends on an effective strength of adhesive interaction. Particle clustering induced by the adhesive interaction slows down the diffusion at short times, while it enhances subdiffusion at long times. The enhancement effect can be quantified in measurements irrespective of how tagged particles are injected into the system. Combined effects of pore structure and particle adhesiveness should speed up translocation of molecules through narrow pores.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures plus 4 pages, 3 figures in SM
Supplementary Figures from Fracture mechanics of rate-and-state faults and fluid injection induced slip
Creators: name: Garagash, Dmitry I.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Geophysics
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Mechanics
subject: 90799 Environmental Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Environmental engineering

description: Propagation of a slip transient on a fault with rate- and state-dependent friction resembles a fracture which near tip region is characterized by large departure of the slip velocity and fault strength from the steady-state sliding. We develop a near tip solution to describe this unsteady dynamics, and obtain the fracture energy GcvrGc(vr)TTVinjdVinj/dt$V_{\textrm {inj\comma total}}^{2}$.This article is part of the theme issue ‘Fracture dynamics of solid materials: from particles to the globe’.
Quadratic forms and four partition functions modulo 3
Creators: name: Lovejoy, Jeremy
name: Osburn, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Recently, Andrews, Hirschhorn and Sellers have proven congruences modulo 3 for four types of partitions using elementary series manipulations. In this paper, we generalize their congruences using arithmetic properties of certain quadratic forms.
description: 5 pages, to appear in Integers
An assessment of phosphorus-enriched poplar biochar as a soil amendment for agriculture
Creators: name: Ische, Reilly
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2019

description: Globally, there is an increasing need to develop renewable sources of biomass to alleviate petroleum-derived commodity reliance. In order to do this sustainably and economically, biomass needs to be multi-purpose, and one such product stream is the generation of biochar while employing lignocellulosic biomass for biofuel production. Biochar can be used as a soil amendment to improve soil health, however, the inherent variability in feedstock quality, processing methods, and the variety of feedstocks, impacts biochar utility. Phosphorus is a non-renewable plant macronutrient that is often added in excess to agricultural crops to maximize yield, but is highly susceptible to leaching resulting in contamination of downstream ecosystems. This study examines the phosphorus storage capacity of Populus sp. for bioremediation of phosphorus-rich soils and production of biochar intended for agricultural amendments. Two greenhouse experiments were conducted to study phosphorus uptake and yield of Brassica napus L. using biochar as a growth-media amendment. The first involved the application of mixed-Salicaceae biochar alongside the phosphorus-solubilizing fungus, Penicillium bilaiae. The second experiment involved biochars produced from the poplar genotypes Walker, Tristis and MIN-13, grown in phosphorous-enriched media by slow-pyrolysis at 550°C. B. napus showed increased leaf phosphate content with biochar applications greater than 1.5% w/w with the P. bilaiae, however, its role is questionable, as it may have acted as a competitor for other plant nutrients resulting in decreased overall yield. In the second trial, Walker produced the greatest amount of feedstock, as well as the biochar with highest phosphate concentrations. Moreover, biochar generated from Walker grown on prairie phosphorus levels produced canola with the greatest number of seeds. However, overall, the MIN-13 biochar amendments resulted in greater yields. Nitrogen and micronutrient concentrations may be a better indicator of nutritional value of biochar amendments, compared to phosphorus. Biochar did not affect concentrations of oil or proteins. These results lead to recommendations for future biochar studies and identify important feedstock considerations that need to be addressed.
Exploring Parental Experiences of Continuing Pregnancy in the Presence of a Life-Limiting Fetal Condition: A Qualitative Meta-Synthesis
Creators: name: Ouellette, Jodi
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2021
Subjects: Life-Limiting Fetal Condition
Perinatal Palliative Care

description: Background: The field of perinatal palliative care aims to support the unique needs of parents who choose to continue pregnancy following the diagnosis of a life-limiting fetal condition (LLFC). As parents navigate this challenging trajectory, the support they receive from healthcare providers is crucial in shaping parental experiences. Objective: to critically reflect on existing literature and to reveal a deeper understanding of the experience of continuing pregnancy in the presence of a LLFC Design: Qualitative meta-synthesis Methods: The primary search strategy consisted of multiple searches within four electronic databases. The analysis was guided by thematic analysis. Results: This meta-synthesis included 29 qualitative studies. Three main themes were identified; time, uncertainty and relationships. These concepts exist concurrently within this trajectory and continuously influence each other as well as the overall experiences of parents. Conclusion: Nurses are encouraged to acknowledge the significance of the interconnectedness between these key concepts and to critically reflect on how their everyday interactions become part of parents’ lived experiences.
Constraining minimally extended varying speed of light by cosmological chronometers
Creators: name: Lee, Seokcheon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: At least one dimensionless physical constant (i.e., a physically observable) must change for the cosmic time to make the varying speed of light (VSL) models phenomenologically feasible. Various physical constants and quantities also should be functions of cosmic time to satisfy all known local laws of physics, including special relativity, thermodynamics, and electromagnetism. Adiabatic condition is another necessary condition to keep the homogeneity and isotropy of three-dimensional space. To be a self-consistent theory, one should consider cosmic evolutions of physical constants and quantities when one derives Einstein's field equations and their solutions. All these conditions are well satisfied in the so-called minimally extended varying speed of light (meVSL) model. Unlike other VSL models, we show that the redshift-drift formula of the meVSL model is the same as a standard model. Therefore, we cannot use this as an experimental tool to verify the meVSL. Instead, one can still use the cosmological chronometers (CC) as a model-independent test of the meVSL. The current CC data cannot distinguish meVSL from the standard model (SM) when we adopt the best-fit values (or Gaussian prior) of the present values of $H_0$ and of $Ω_{m0}$ from the Planck mission. However, the CC data prefer the meVSL when we choose Pantheon 22 data.
description: version 3 to match the version accepted by MNRAS. 8 pages, 2 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2011.09274
Re-assessing the radial-velocity evidence for planets around CoRoT-7
Creators: name: Pont, Frederic
name: Aigrain, Suzanne
name: Zucker, Shay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: CoRoT-7 is an 11th magnitude K-star whose light curve shows transits with depth of 0.3 mmag and a period of 0.854 d, superimposed on variability at the 1% level, due to the modulation of evolving active regions with the star's 23 d rotation period. In this paper, we revisit the published HARPS radial velocity measurements of the object, which were previously used to estimate the companion mass, but have been the subject of ongoing debate. We build a realistic model of the star's activity during the HARPS observations, by fitting simultaneously the line width and the line bisector, and use it to evaluate the contribution of activity to the RV variations. The data show clear evidence of errors above the level of the formal uncertainties, which are accounted for either by activity, nor by any plausible planet model, and which increase rapidly with decreasing signal-to-noise of the spectra. We cite evidence of similar systematics in mid-SNR spectra of other targets obtained with HARPS and other high-precision RV spectrographs, and discuss possible sources. Allowing for these, we re-evaluate the semi-amplitude of the CoRoT-7b signal, finding Kb=1.6 +-1.3 m/s, a tentative detection with a much reduced significance (1.2-sigma) compared to previous estimates. We also argue that the combined presence of activity and additional errors preclude a meaningful search for additional low-mass companions, despite previous claims to the contrary. Our analysis points to a lower density for CoRoT-7b, the 1-sigma mass range spanning 1-4 MEarth, allowing for a wide range of bulk compositions. In particular, an ice-rich composition is compatible with the RV constraints. This study highlights the importance of a realistic treatment of both activity and uncertainties, particularly in the medium signal-to-noise ratio regime, which applies to most small planet candidates from CoRoT and Kepler.
description: 11 pages, accepted for publication in MNRAS, revised version with minor modifications and one additional figure