cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Mixed-symmetry fields in AdS(5), conformal fields, and AdS/CFT
Creators: name: Metsaev, R. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Mixed-symmetry arbitrary spin massive, massless, and self-dual massive fields in AdS(5) are studied. Light-cone gauge actions for such fields leading to decoupled equations of motion are constructed. Light-cone gauge formulation of mixed-symmetry anomalous conformal currents and shadows in 4d flat space is also developed. AdS/CFT correspondence for normalizable and non-normalizable modes of mixed-symmetry AdS fields and the respective boundary mixed-symmetry anomalous conformal currents and shadows is studied. We demonstrate that the light-cone gauge action for massive mixed-symmetry AdS field evaluated on solution of the Dirichlet problem amounts to the light-cone gauge 2-point vertex of mixed-symmetry anomalous shadow. Also we show that UV divergence of the action for mixed-symmetry massive AdS field with some particular value of mass parameter evaluated on the Dirichlet problem amounts to the action of long mixed-symmetry conformal field, while UV divergence of the action for mixed-symmetry massless AdS field evaluated on the Dirichlet problem amounts to the action of short mixed-symmetry conformal field. We speculate on string theory interpretation of a model which involves short low-spin conformal fields and long higher-spin conformal fields.
description: LaTeX-2e, 29 pages
Descriptions of new species of hymenopterous insects collected by Mr. A. R. Wallace at Celebes. (Part Formicidae)
Creators: name: Smith, F.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1860
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: 2. Ponera læviceps, Smith, Proc. Linn. Soc. ii. p. 69. Hab. Celebes (Makassar); Borneo (Sarawak). The specimen from Celebes has a few indistinct traces of sculpture on the crown of the head and prothorax, but so closely agrees in all other respects, that I cannot see a good specific difference.
description: Published as part of Smith, F., 1860, Descriptions of new species of hymenopterous insects collected by Mr. A. R. Wallace at Celebes. (Part Formicidae), pp. 57-93 in Journal of the Proceedings of the Linnean Society of London, Zoology 5 on page 72
Comparison of Various Equations for Estimating GFR in Malawi: How to Determine Renal Function in Resource Limited Settings?
Creators: name: Neuhann, Florian
name: Deckert, Andreas
name: Rothenbacher, Dietrich
name: Phiri, Sam
name: Glaser, Nicola
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: BackgroundChronic kidney disease (CKD) is a probably underrated public health problem in Sub-Saharan-Africa, in particular in combination with HIV-infection. Knowledge about the CKD prevalence is scarce and in the available literature different methods to classify CKD are used impeding comparison and general prevalence estimates.MethodsThis study assessed different serum-creatinine based equations for glomerular filtration rates (eGFR) and compared them to a cystatin C based equation. The study was conducted in Lilongwe, Malawi enrolling a population of 363 adults of which 32% were HIV-positive.ResultsComparison of formulae based on Bland-Altman-plots and accuracy revealed best performance for the CKD-EPI equation without the correction factor for black Americans. Analyzing the differences between HIV-positive and –negative individuals CKD-EPI systematically overestimated eGFR in comparison to cystatin C and therefore lead to underestimation of CKD in HIV-positives.ConclusionsOur findings underline the importance for standardization of eGFR calculation in a Sub-Saharan African setting, to further investigate the differences with regard to HIV status and to develop potential correction factors as established for age and sex.
Growing Dynamical Facilitation on Approaching the Random Pinning Colloidal Glass Transition
Creators: name: Gokhale, Shreyas
name: Nagamanasa, K. Hima
name: Ganapathy, Rajesh
name: Sood, A. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Despite decades of research, it remains to be established whether the transformation of a liquid into a glass is fundamentally thermodynamic or dynamic in origin. While observations of growing length scales are consistent with thermodynamic perspectives like the Random First-Order Transition theory (RFOT), the purely dynamic approach of the Dynamical Facilitation (DF) theory lacks experimental validation. Further, for glass transitions induced by randomly freezing a subset of particles in the liquid phase, simulations support the predictions of RFOT, whereas the DF theory remains unexplored. Here, using video microscopy and holographic optical tweezers, we show that dynamical facilitation in a colloidal glass-forming liquid unambiguously grows with density as well as the fraction of pinned particles. In addition, we show that heterogeneous dynamics in the form of string-like cooperative motion, which is believed to be consistent with RFOT, emerges naturally within the framework of facilitation. Most importantly, our findings demonstrate that a purely dynamic origin of the glass transition cannot be ruled out.
description: 13 pages, 3 figures. Submitted to Nature Communications on the 17th of March, 2014
Control of Protein Activity and Cell Fate Specification via Light-Mediated Nuclear Translocation
Creators: name: Goldstein, Bob
name: Kuhlman, Brian
name: Dickinson, Daniel J.
name: Bear, James E.
name: Hahn, Klaus
name: Zimmerman, Seth P.
name: Yumerefendi, Hayretin
name: Wang, Hui
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Light-activatable proteins allow precise spatial and temporal control of biological processes in living cells and animals. Several approaches have been developed for controlling protein localization with light, including the conditional inhibition of a nuclear localization signal (NLS) with the Light Oxygen Voltage (AsLOV2) domain of phototropin 1 from Avena sativa. In the dark, the switch adopts a closed conformation that sterically blocks the NLS motif. Upon activation with blue light the C-terminus of the protein unfolds, freeing the NLS to direct the protein to the nucleus. A previous study showed that this approach can be used to control the localization and activity of proteins in mammalian tissue culture cells. Here, we extend this result by characterizing the binding properties of a LOV/NLS switch and demonstrating that it can be used to control gene transcription in yeast. Additionally, we show that the switch, referred to as LANS (light-activated nuclear shuttle), functions in the C. elegans embryo and allows for control of nuclear localization in individual cells. By inserting LANS into the C. elegans lin-1 locus using Cas9-triggered homologous recombination, we demonstrated control of cell fate via light-dependent manipulation of a native transcription factor. We conclude that LANS can be a valuable experimental method for spatial and temporal control of nuclear localization in vivo.
Universality of TMD correlators
Creators: name: Buffing, M. G. A.
name: Mukherjee, A.
name: Mulders, P. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a high-energy scattering process with hadrons in the initial state, color is involved. Transverse momentum dependent distribution functions (TMDs) describe the quark and gluon distributions in these hadrons in momentum space with the inclusion of transverse directions. Apart from the (anti)-quarks and gluons that are involved in the hard scattering process, additional gluon emissions by the hadrons have to be taken into account as well, giving rise to Wilson lines or gauge links. The TMDs involved are sensitive to the process under consideration and hence potentially nonuniversal due to these Wilson line interactions with the hard process; different hard processes give rise to different Wilson line structures. We will show that in practice only a finite number of universal TMDs have to be considered, which come in different linear combinations depending on the hard process under consideration, ensuring a generalized universality. For quarks this gives rise to three Pretzelocity functions, whereas for gluons a richer structure of functions arises.
description: 6 pages, presented by the first author at the 4th International Workshop on Transverse Polarization Phenomena in Hard Processes (Transversity 2014), June 9-13, 2014, Chia, Italy. To appear in EPJ Web of Conferences
Correction: Surface Vulnerability of Cerebral Cortex to Major Depressive Disorder
Creators: name: Fang, Yiru
name: Li, Gang
name: Qiu, Meihui
name: Liu, Jun
name: Shi, Feng
name: Peng, Daihui
name: Shen, Dinggang
name: Shen, Ting
name: Fralick, Drew
name: Jiang, Kaida
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is accompanied by atypical brain structure. This study first presents the alterations in the cortical surface of patients with MDD using multidimensional structural patterns that reflect different neurodevelopment. Sixteen first-episode, untreated patients with MDD and 16 matched healthy controls underwent a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan. The cortical maps of thickness, surface area, and gyrification were examined using the surface-based morphometry (SBM) approach. Increase of cortical thickness was observed in the right posterior cingulate region and the parietal cortex involving the bilateral inferior, left superior parietal and right paracentral regions, while decreased thickness was noted in the parietal cortex including bilateral pars opercularis and left precentral region, as well as the left rostral-middle frontal regions in patients with MDD. Likewise, increased or decreased surface area was found in five sub-regions of the cingulate gyrus, parietal and frontal cortices (e.g., bilateral inferior parietal and superior frontal regions). In addition, MDD patients exhibited a significant hypergyrification in the right precentral and supramarginal region. This integrated structural assessment of cortical surface suggests that MDD patients have cortical alterations of the frontal, parietal and cingulate regions, indicating a vulnerability to MDD during earlier neurodevelopmental process.
Additional file 1 of Transitions from pediatric to adult rheumatology care for juvenile idiopathic arthritis: a patient led qualitative study
Creators: name: Currie, Gillian R.
name: Harris, M.
name: McClinton, L.
name: Trehan, N.
name: Van Dusen, A.
name: Shariff, M.
name: Kuzmyn, T.
name: Marshall, D. A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Additional file 1: Focus group guides.
Correction: Unique Honey Bee (Apis mellifera) Hive Component-Based Communities as Detected by a Hybrid of Phospholipid Fatty-Acid and Fatty-Acid Methyl Ester Analyses
Creators: name: Scott, Jarrod J.
name: Grubbs, Kirk J.
name: Read, Harry
name: Balser, Teri C.
name: Currie, Cameron R.
name: Budsberg, Kevin J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Microbial communities (microbiomes) are associated with almost all metazoans, including the honey bee Apis mellifera. Honey bees are social insects, maintaining complex hive systems composed of a variety of integral components including bees, comb, propolis, honey, and stored pollen. Given that the different components within hives can be physically separated and are nutritionally variable, we hypothesize that unique microbial communities may occur within the different microenvironments of honey bee colonies. To explore this hypothesis and to provide further insights into the microbiome of honey bees, we use a hybrid of fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) and phospholipid-derived fatty acid (PLFA) analysis to produce broad, lipid-based microbial community profiles of stored pollen, adults, pupae, honey, empty comb, and propolis for 11 honey bee hives. Averaging component lipid profiles by hive, we show that, in decreasing order, lipid markers representing fungi, Gram-negative bacteria, and Gram-positive bacteria have the highest relative abundances within honey bee colonies. Our lipid profiles reveal the presence of viable microbial communities in each of the six hive components sampled, with overall microbial community richness varying from lowest to highest in honey, comb, pupae, pollen, adults and propolis, respectively. Finally, microbial community lipid profiles were more similar when compared by component than by hive, location, or sampling year. Specifically, we found that individual hive components typically exhibited several dominant lipids and that these dominant lipids differ between components. Principal component and two-way clustering analyses both support significant grouping of lipids by hive component. Our findings indicate that in addition to the microbial communities present in individual workers, honey bee hives have resident microbial communities associated with different colony components.
Feedbacks, Receptor Clustering, and Receptor Restriction to Single Cells yield large Turing Spaces for Ligand-receptor based Turing Models
Creators: name: Kurics, Tamás
name: Menshykau, Denis
name: Iber, Dagmar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: Tissues and Organs (q-bio.TO)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 35K55, 35K57, 35B36, 35Q92

description: Turing mechanisms can yield a large variety of patterns from noisy, homogenous initial conditions and have been proposed as patterning mechanism for many developmental processes. However, the molecular components that give rise to Turing patterns have remained elusive, and the small size of the parameter space that permits Turing patterns to emerge makes it difficult to explain how Turing patterns could evolve. We have recently shown that Turing patterns can be obtained with a single ligand if the ligand-receptor interaction is taken into account. Here we show that the general properties of ligand-receptor systems result in very large Turing spaces. Thus, the restriction of receptors to single cells, negative feedbacks, regulatory interactions between different ligand-receptor systems, and the clustering of receptors on the cell surface all greatly enlarge the Turing space. We further show that the feedbacks that occur in the FGF10/SHH network that controls lung branching morphogenesis are sufficient to result in large Turing spaces. We conclude that the cellular restriction of receptors provides a mechanism to sufficiently increase the size of the Turing space to make the evolution of Turing patterns likely. Additional feedbacks may then have further enlarged the Turing space. Given their robustness and flexibility, we propose that receptor-ligand based Turing mechanisms present a general mechanism for patterning in biology.
Costs and Cost Effectiveness of Three Approaches for Cervical Cancer Screening among HIV-Positive Women in Johannesburg, South Africa
Creators: name: Smith, Jennifer S.
name: Lince-Deroche, Naomi
name: Firnhaber, Cindy
name: Phiri, Jane
name: Michelow, Pam
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: BackgroundSouth Africa has high rates of HIV and HPV and high incidence and mortality from cervical cancer. However, cervical cancer is largely preventable when early screening and treatment are available. We estimate the costs and cost-effectiveness of conventional cytology (Pap), visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA) and HPV DNA testing for detecting cases of CIN2+ among HIV-infected women currently taking antiretroviral treatment at a public HIV clinic in Johannesburg, South Africa.MethodsMethod effectiveness was derived from a validation study completed at the clinic. Costs were estimated from the provider perspective using micro-costing between June 2013-April 2014. Capital costs were annualized using a discount rate of 3%. Two different service volume scenarios were considered. Threshold analysis was used to explore the potential for reducing the cost of HPV DNA testing.ResultsVIA was least costly in both scenarios. In the higher volume scenario, the average cost per procedure was US$ 3.67 for VIA, US$ 8.17 for Pap and US$ 54.34 for HPV DNA. Colposcopic biopsies cost on average US$ 67.71 per procedure. VIA was least sensitive but most cost-effective at US$ 17.05 per true CIN2+ case detected. The cost per case detected for Pap testing was US$ 130.63 using a conventional definition for positive results and US$ 187.52 using a more conservative definition. HPV DNA testing was US$ 320.09 per case detected. Colposcopic biopsy costs largely drove the total and per case costs. A 71% reduction in HPV DNA screening costs would make it competitive with the conservative Pap definition.ConclusionsWomen need access to services which meet their needs and address the burden of cervical dysplasia and cancer in this region. Although most cost-effective, VIA may require more frequent screening due to low sensitivity, an important consideration for an HIV-positive population with increased risk for disease progression.
Theory of Optical Rectification Effect in Metallic Thin Film with Periodic Modulation
Creators: name: Hiroyuki, Kurosawa
name: Seigo, Ohno
name: Kazuyuki, Nakayama
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We conducted theoretical and numerical investigations of the optical rectification (OR) effect in metallic structures with periodic modulation. A new formulation of the OR effect is presented, and the mechanism by which the OR effect is generated, which has been a controversial issue in previous studies, is clarified. We reveal that the OR effect is strongly enhanced by a combination of spatial variation of the metallic structure and local electric field enhancement. Our theory was numerically evaluated and agreed fairly well with experiment.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
Deep Learning Approaches to Assess Speech Intelligibility of Head and Neck Cancer
Creators: name: Quintas, Sebastião
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Speech intelligibility
deep learning
pathological speech
automatic speech processing
head and neck cancer

description: Loss of speech intelligibility is commonly found in the post-treatment of conditions that affect the vocal tract, such as head and neck cancer. Due to this, perceptual evaluations are still the most widely used method to clinically assess speech intelligibility. On the other hand, these evaluations are known to be highly subjective, biased and time-consuming since the evaluation can be conditioned by the practitioner, or patients previously assessed. In order to tackle these issues, an automatic assessment has been seen as a growing and viable alternative, that could provide more objective, faster and unbiased measures. In the present work, we explore distinct ways to predict speech intelligibility based on the different granularity levels of sentence, word and phoneme. The results from the proposed granular models suggest correlations with the perceptual intelligibility ranging from 0.80 to as high as 0.89 when applied to the French head and neck cancer speech corpus. The results also suggest a correlation up to 0.91 when merging all granular systems. Several conclusions are drawn from each granularity level, namely concerning specific types of words and phonemes that play different levels of relevance for the intelligibility of distinct speakers. Moreover, a study on the individual modelling of a set of perceptual judges is also presented. The study showcased that different judge profiles emerge from the perceptual and the automatic set of judges. Similarly to the granular systems, the results suggest that an automatic approach can indeed be seen as more uniform and objective. This leaves the possibility of these approaches being implemented in clinical environments to either serve as a second opinion or to free the practitioner to perform other relevant tasks.
Statistics of the Planck CMB signal in direction of gamma-ray bursts from the BATSE and BeppoSAX catalogs
Creators: name: Khabibullina, M. L.
name: Verkhodanov, O. V.
name: Sokolov, V. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Distribution of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) from catalogs of the BATSE and BeppoSAX space observatories relative to the cosmic microwave background (CMB) data by Planck space mission is studied. Three methods were applied for data analysis: 1) a histogram of CMB signal values in GRB directions, 2) mosaic correlation maps calculated for GRB locations and CMB distribution, 3) calculation of an average response in the area of "an average population GRB" on the CMB map. A correlation between GRB locations and CMB fluctuations was discovered which can be interpreted as systematic effects in the process of observations. Besides, in averaged areas of CMB maps a difference between distributions of average fluctuations for short and long GRBs was detected, which can be caused by different natures of these events.
description: 25 pages, 18 figures, 1 table, Astrophysical Bulletin, 2014, No 69, Vol.4
Additional file 1 of Association between niacin and mortality among patients with cancer in the NHANES retrospective cohort
Creators: name: Ying, Hongan
name: Gao, Lijie
name: Liao, Nansheng
name: Xu, Xijuan
name: Yu, Wenfeng
name: Hong, Weiwen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Fig. 1. Dose-Response Relationship Between Niacin Intake and Mortality. A for cancer-specific mortality, B for all-cause mortality. Adjusted for age, sex, race, bmi, education, smoking status, drinking, diabetes, aspirin use, physical activity, energy intake, protein intake, sugar, carbohydrate, total fat intake, Vit B1, VitB2, Cholesterol, fiber.
Criterion Validation Testing of Clinical Metrology Instruments for Measuring Degenerative Joint Disease Associated Mobility Impairment in Cats
Creators: name: Lascelles, B. Duncan X.
name: Griffith, Emily H.
name: Thomson, Andrea E.
name: Simpson, Wendy
name: Gruen, Margaret E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Degenerative joint disease and associated pain are common in cats, particularly in older cats. There is a need for treatment options, however evaluation of putative therapies is limited by a lack of suitable, validated outcome measures that can be used in the target population of client owned cats. The objectives of this study were to evaluate low-dose daily meloxicam for the treatment of pain associated with degenerative joint disease in cats, and further validate two clinical metrology instruments, the Feline Musculoskeletal Pain Index (FMPI) and the Client Specific Outcome Measures (CSOM).
ENERGY SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT AND SECURITY IN PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP
Creators: name: Krupnik, Dorota
Publisher: name: Wiedza Obronna
Year: 2023

description: The aim of the article is to identify and analyze how to manage the energy supply chain as part of public-private partnership and to try to answer the question in what direction should the Polish industry go to compete on global markets in the face of many challenges of decarbonisation?Maybe by using green energy produced close to its recipients and supplied bypassing the transmission grid?Maybe through the diversification of installations processing energy from various sources (RES), which would constitute an additional regulatory value for the power system?Could solutions, e.g. based on a direct line system, help in such a difficult technological and regulatory time for the energy market?As a research problem, an attempt was made to answer the question to what extent, for example, a systemic approach based on the model of direct lines can help strategic industry organizations in managing the energy supply chain, especially in situations of energy crisis?What actions can be taken to keep a secure energy supply chain management system operational or how to deal with threats affecting the functioning of the energy supply chain? The essence is to emphasize the role of the energy supply chain management system, based on specific requirements or innovative solutions, e.g. a sharing system or direct lines, in maintaining an appropriate level of energy supply security, especially during an energy crisis. To what extent can the requirements of reference documents focusing on operational control and process control ensure the security of the energy supply chain? With regard to the research problems defined in this way, the working hypothesis was formulated as follows: Searching for innovative solutions in the energy sector, and in particular the implementation of direct systems, can effectively counteract or at least reduce the effects of the recent electricity crisis and increase economic attractiveness for the industry. The article uses theoretical and empirical research methods adapted to the problems posed and the purpose of the article. These include: analysis of the literature, normative and legal documents and internal system documentation of sample organizations, the audit method using direct interview and observation of processes and activities.
description: Wiedza Obronna, Tom 283 Nr 2 (2023)
A ring system detected around the Centaur (10199) Chariklo
Creators: name: Braga-Ribas, F.
name: Sicardy, B.
name: Ortiz, J. L.
name: Snodgrass, C.
name: Roques, F.
name: Vieira-Martins, R.
name: Camargo, J. I. B.
name: Assafin, M.
name: Duffard, R.
name: Jehin, E.
name: Pollock, J.
name: Leiva, R.
name: Emilio, M.
name: Machado, D. I.
name: Colazo, C.
name: Lellouch, E.
name: Skottfelt, J.
name: Gillon, M.
name: Ligier, N.
name: Maquet, L.
name: Benedetti-Rossi, G.
name: Gomes, A. Ramos
name: Kervella, P.
name: Monteiro, H.
name: Sfair, R.
name: Moutamid, M. El
name: Tancredi, G.
name: Spagnotto, J.
name: Maury, A.
name: Morales, N.
name: Gil-Hutton, R.
name: Roland, S.
name: Ceretta, A.
name: Gu, S. -h.
name: Wang, X. -b.
name: Harpsøe, K.
name: Rabus, M.
name: Manfroid, J.
name: Opitom, C.
name: Vanzi, L.
name: Mehret, L.
name: Lorenzini, L.
name: Schneiter, E. M.
name: Melia, R.
name: Lecacheux, J.
name: Colas, F.
name: Vachier, F.
name: Widemann, T.
name: Almenares, L.
name: Sandness, R. G.
name: Char, F.
name: Perez, V.
name: Lemos, P.
name: Martinez, N.
name: Jørgensen, U. G.
name: Dominik, M.
name: Roig, F.
name: Reichart, D. E.
name: LaCluyze, A. P.
name: Haislip, J. B.
name: Ivarsen, K. M.
name: Moore, J. P.
name: Frank, N. R.
name: Lambas, D. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Until now, rings have been detected in the Solar System exclusively around the four giant planets. Here we report the discovery of the first minor-body ring system around the Centaur object (10199) Chariklo, a body with equivalent radius 124$\pm$9 km. A multi-chord stellar occultation revealed the presence of two dense rings around Chariklo, with widths of about 7 km and 3 km, optical depths 0.4 and 0.06, and orbital radii 391 and 405 km, respectively. The present orientation of the ring is consistent with an edge-on geometry in 2008, thus providing a simple explanation for the dimming of Chariklo's system between 1997 and 2008, and for the gradual disappearance of ice and other absorption features in its spectrum over the same period. This implies that the rings are partially composed of water ice. These rings may be the remnants of a debris disk, which were possibly confined by embedded kilometre-sized satellites.
Additional file 2 of Association between niacin and mortality among patients with cancer in the NHANES retrospective cohort
Creators: name: Ying, Hongan
name: Gao, Lijie
name: Liao, Nansheng
name: Xu, Xijuan
name: Yu, Wenfeng
name: Hong, Weiwen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2: Supplementary Fig. 2. Histogram for Niacin Intake in Supplement Group And no Supplement Group.
On the thermal sensitivity of binary formation in collapsing molecular clouds
Creators: name: Riaz, R.
name: Farooqui, S. Z.
name: Vanaverbeke, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the results of a numerical study on the initial formation stages of low-mass protostellar binary systems. We determine the separation of protostellar binaries formed as a function of the initial thermal state by varying the initial temperature in a slightly modified version of the Burkert and Bodenheimer collapse test. We find that the outcome is highly sensitive to both the initial temperature of the cloud and the initial amplitude of azimuthal density perturbation A. For A=10 %, variations of only 1 unit Kelvin below 10 K lead to changes of up to 100 AU ( i.e. of order 30 %) in the instantaneous separation, whereas for this small A the initial temperatures above 10 K yield, instead of a binary, a single low-mass fragment that never reaches protostellar densities. Protostellar binaries, however, do emerge when the perturbation amplitude is increased from 10 % to 25 %. We also investigate the impact of the critical density which governs the transition from isothermal to adiabatic thermodynamic behaviour of the collapsing gas. We find that the critical density not only affects the overall structural evolution of the gas envelope, but also the size of the rotating disk structures formed during collapse as well as the number of protostellar fragments resulting from the final fragmentation of the disks. This mechanism can give rise to young protostellar objects constituting bound multiple stellar systems.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Deductive Stability Proofs for Ordinary Differential Equations
Creators: name: Tan, Yong Kiam
name: Platzer, André
Publisher: name: Springer International Publishing
Year: 2021
Subjects: differential equations
stability
differential dynamic logic

description: Stability is required for real world controlled systems as it ensures that those systems can tolerate small, real world perturbations around their desired operating states. This paper shows how stability for continuous systems modeled by ordinary differential equations (ODEs) can be formally verified in differential dynamic logic (dL). The key insight is to specify ODE stability by suitably nesting the dynamic modalities of dL with first-order logic quantifiers. Elucidating the logical structure of stability properties in this way has three key benefits: i) it provides a flexible means of formally specifying various stability properties of interest, ii) it yields rigorous proofs of those stability properties from dL’s axioms with dL’s ODE safety and liveness proof principles, and iii) it enables formal analysis of the relationships between various stability properties which, in turn, inform proofs of those properties. These benefits are put into practice through an implementation of stability proofs for several examples in KeYmaera X, a hybrid systems theorem prover based on dL.
Cross-Sectional Associations between Body Size, Circulating Sex-Steroid Hormones and IGF Components among Healthy Chinese Women
Creators: name: McCullough, Lauren E.
name: Zhang, Jing
name: Li, Hui
name: Miller, Erline E.
name: Wang, Qiong
name: Li, Jia-yuan
name: Smith, Jennifer S.
name: Liu, Li
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: The incidence of breast cancer has increased in Asian countries and rates of hormone receptor (HR) negative breast cancer exceed those of Western countries. Epidemiologic data suggest that the association between body size and BC risk may vary by HR status, and could differ geographically. While body size may influence BC risk by moderating the synthesis and metabolism of circulating sex-steroid hormones, insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1 and related binding proteins, there is a dearth of literature among Asian women. We aimed to examine these specific associations in a sample of Chinese women. In Sichuan Province 143 women aged ≥40 years were recruited through outpatient services (2011–2012). Questionnaires, anthropometric measurements, and blood samples were utilized for data collection and linear regression was applied in data analyses. Among women <50 years we observed a non-monotonic positive association between body mass index (BMI) and 17β-estradiol, and a reversed J-shaped association between BMI and IGF-1 (p ≤0.05). We observed similar associations between waist-to-hip ratio and these markers. Our finding of augmented IGF-1 among women with low body mass may have implications for understanding breast tumor heterogeneity in diverse populations and should be evaluated in larger prospective studies with cancer outcomes.
Tunable Giant Spin Hall Conductivities in a Strong Spin-Orbit Semimetal: Bi$_{1-x}$Sb$_x$
Creators: name: Şahin, Cüneyt
name: Flatté, Michael E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Intrinsic spin Hall conductivities are calculated for strong spin-orbit Bi$_{1-x}$Sb$_x$ semimetals, from the Kubo formula and using Berry curvatures evaluated throughout the Brillouin zone from a tight-binding Hamiltonian. Nearly-crossing bands with strong spin-orbit interaction generate giant spin Hall conductivities in these materials, ranging from 474 ($\hbar$/e)($Ω$cm)$^{-1}$ for bismuth to 96 ($\hbar$/e)($Ω$cm)$^{-1}$ for antimony; the value for bismuth is more than twice that of platinum. The large spin Hall conductivities persist for alloy compositions corresponding to a three-dimensional topological insulator state, such as Bi$_{0.83}$Sb$_{0.17}$. The spin Hall conductivity could be changed by a factor of five for doped Bi, or for Bi$_{0.83}$Sb$_{0.17}$, by changing the chemical potential by 0.5 eV, suggesting the potential for doping or voltage tuned spin Hall current.
Cystamine Preparations Exhibit Anticoagulant Activity
Creators: name: Devette, Christa I.
name: Aleman, Maria M.
name: Wolberg, Alisa S.
name: Holle, Lori A.
name: Monroe, Dougald M.
name: Stember, Katherine G.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Transglutaminases are a superfamily of isoenzymes found in cells and plasma. These enzymes catalyze the formation of ε-N-(γ-glutamyl)-lysyl crosslinks between proteins. Cystamine blocks transglutaminase activity and is used in vitro in human samples and in vivo in mice and rats in studies of coagulation, immune dysfunction, and inflammatory disease. These studies have suggested cystamine blocks fibrin crosslinking and has anti-inflammatory effects, implicating transglutaminase activity in the pathogenesis of several diseases. We measured the effects of cystamine on fibrin crosslinking, tissue factor-triggered plasma clot formation and thrombin generation, and coagulation factor enzymatic activity. At concentrations that blocked fibrin crosslinking, cystamine also inhibited plasma clot formation and reduced thrombin generation. Cystamine inhibited the amidolytic activity of coagulation factor XI and thrombin towards chromogenic substrates. These findings demonstrate that cystamine exhibits anticoagulant activity during coagulation. Given the close relationship between coagulation and inflammation, these findings suggest prior studies that used cystamine to implicate transglutaminase activity in disease pathogenesis warrant re-examination.
title: Czechia Report. Sustainable Governance Indicators 2022
Creators: name: Guasti, Petra
name: Mansfeldová, Zdenka
name: Myant, Martin
name: Bönker, Frank
Publisher: name: Bertelsmann Stiftung
Year: 2022
Subjects: Governance
Democracy
Regierungshandeln
Demokratie

description: Between July 2018 and December 2021, Czechia was governed by a minority coalition, including Prime Minister Andrej Babiš’s Movement of Dissatisfied Citizens (ANO) and the Social Democrats (ČSSD), and backed by the Communist Party (KSČM) until April 2021.
Letter by Friedrich A. Sorge to Karl Marx, 10 July 1867
Creators: name: A. Sorge, Friedrich
Publisher: name: RSAJournal
Year: 2020

description: “An original work by Friedrich A. Sorge”
description: RSAJournal, V. 31 (2020): American Apocalypse(s): Nuclear Imaginaries and the Reinvention of Modern America
Delayed Contrast Enhancement Imaging of a Murine Model for Ischemia Reperfusion with Carbon Nanotube Micro-CT
Creators: name: Lu, Jianping
name: Wang, Ko-Han
name: Willis, Monte
name: Kang, Eunice
name: Zhou, Otto
name: Lee, Yueh Z.
name: Burk, Laurel M.
name: Wait, John Matthew
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: We aim to demonstrate the application of free-breathing prospectively gated carbon nanotube (CNT) micro-CT by evaluating a myocardial infarction model with a delayed contrast enhancement technique. Evaluation of murine cardiac models using micro-CT imaging has historically been limited by extreme imaging requirements. Newly-developed CNT-based x-ray sources offer precise temporal resolution, allowing elimination of physiological motion through prospective gating. Using free-breathing, cardiac-gated CNT micro-CT, a myocardial infarction model can be studied non-invasively and with high resolution. Myocardial infarction was induced in eight male C57BL/6 mice aged 8–12 weeks. The ischemia reperfusion model was achieved by surgically occluding the LAD artery for 30 minutes followed by 24 hours of reperfusion. Tail vein catheters were placed for contrast administration. Iohexol 300mgI/mL was administered followed by images obtained in diastole. Iodinated lipid blood pool contrast agent was then administered, followed with images at systole and diastole. Respiratory and cardiac signals were monitored externally and used to gate the scans of free-breathing subjects. Seven control animals were scanned using the same imaging protocol. After imaging, the heart was harvested, cut into 1mm slices and stained with TTC. Post-processing analysis was performed using ITK-Snap and MATLAB. All animals demonstrated obvious delayed contrast enhancement in the left ventricular wall following the Iohexol injection. The blood pool contrast agent revealed significant changes in cardiac function quantified by 3-D volume ejection fractions. All subjects demonstrated areas of myocardial infarct in the LAD distribution on both TTC staining and micro-CT imaging. The CNT micro-CT system aids straightforward, free-breathing, prospectively-gated 3-D murine cardiac imaging. Delayed contrast enhancement allows identification of infarcted myocardium after a myocardial ischemic event. We demonstrate the ability to consistently identify areas of myocardial infarct in mice and provide functional cardiac information using a delayed contrast enhancement technique.
Additional file 3 of Association between niacin and mortality among patients with cancer in the NHANES retrospective cohort
Creators: name: Ying, Hongan
name: Gao, Lijie
name: Liao, Nansheng
name: Xu, Xijuan
name: Yu, Wenfeng
name: Hong, Weiwen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 3: Supplementary Fig. 3. A Stratified Analysis of Niacin Intakes Below and Above the Recommended Levels. A for all-cause mortality, B for cancer mortality. Adjusted for age, sex, race, bmi, education, smoking status, drinking, diabetes, aspirin use, physical activity, energy intake, protein intake, sugar, carbohydrate, total fat intake, Vit B1, VitB2, Cholesterol, fiber.
Multilingualism and Transnationalism in the Study of Socialist Movements
Creators: name: Costaguta, Lorenzo
name: S. Lotze, Johannes
Publisher: name: RSAJournal
Year: 2020

description: Introduction to “A Letter from Friedrich A. Sorge to Karl Marx”
description: RSAJournal, V. 31 (2020): American Apocalypse(s): Nuclear Imaginaries and the Reinvention of Modern America
“Bartleby, the Scrivener”
Creators: name: Isoldo, Ludovico
Publisher: name: RSAJournal
Year: 2020

description: In “Bartleby the Scrivener,” from the very first pages of the lawyer’s narrative, his setting out the facts, one cannot fail to sense the presence of a sort of excusatio non petita. It is as if he were seeking, a priori, to justify his behavior toward his former employee. The attorney, who by the nature of his office had never plead a case, finds himself in the paradoxical position of taking on his own defense and he does so by appealing, to use Kant’s expression, to “the court of conscience.” Following this lead, the present essay seeks to read “Bartleby” in the light of Kantian ethics and its categories, which Melville was familiar with, convinced as we are that the tale is built around questions of moral judgment and on the observance of moral obligations. Basically the ethical dimension of the tale consists in a conflict between “jus and lex,” i.e., the juridical norm and moral law, which in fact is a salient part of Kantian ethics.
description: RSAJournal, V. 31 (2020): American Apocalypse(s): Nuclear Imaginaries and the Reinvention of Modern America
Detection of BRAF Mutation in Urine DNA as a Molecular Diagnostic for Canine Urothelial and Prostatic Carcinoma
Creators: name: Mochizuki, Hiroyuki
name: Shapiro, Susan G.
name: Breen, Matthew
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Urothelial carcinoma (UC) of the lower urinary tract and prostatic carcinoma (PC) are aggressive genitourinary cancers in dogs, characterized by invasion to surrounding tissues and high metastatic potential. Current diagnosis of canine UC and PC requires histopathological examination of a biopsy. Such specimens require specialized medical equipment and are invasive procedures, limiting the availability of diagnosis by histopathology for many canine patients. Access to a non-invasive means to confirm diagnosis is currently an unmet need. Recently, the canine BRAF V595E mutation was detected in ~80% of canine UCs and PCs. In this study, we developed a droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) assay for detection of the canine BRAF V595E mutation in canine urogenital tumors. The assay was evaluated in DNA samples prepared from biopsy specimens of UC (n = 48) and PC (n = 27), as well and non-neoplastic bladder epithelium (n = 38). In addition the assay was assessed for use with DNA isolated from free catch urine samples derived from canine patients with UC (n = 23), PC (n = 3), as well as from dogs with cystitis and healthy controls (n = 37). In all cases the sensitivity to detect the mutant allele was compared with conventional Sanger sequencing. ddPCR had superior sensitivity for detection of the V595E mutation: 75% of UC, 85% of PC, and 0% of control samples were mutation positive, respectively, and the V595E mutation was detected at a level as low as just 1 in 10,000 alleles (~0.01%). Furthermore, the ddPCR assay identified the mutation in free catch urine samples from 83% of canine UC and PC patients, demonstrating its utility as a non-invasive means of diagnosis. We have shown that ddPCR is a sensitive molecular technique with the potential to facilitate accurate and non-invasive means of canine UC and PC diagnosis.
Cosmological perturbations in massive gravity with doubly coupled matter
Creators: name: Gümrükçüoğlu, A. Emir
name: Heisenberg, Lavinia
name: Mukohyama, Shinji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the cosmological perturbations around FLRW solutions to non- linear massive gravity with a new effective coupling to matter proposed recently. Unlike the case with minimal matter coupling, all five degrees of freedom in the gravity sector propagate on generic self-accelerating FLRW backgrounds. We study the stability of the cosmological solutions and put constraints on the parameters of the theory by demanding the correct sign for the kinetic terms for scalar, vector and tensor perturbations.
description: 20 pages
“Pay For My Candy, [Non-White Person], or I’ll Kick Your Ass”
Creators: name: Hermann, Lee
Publisher: name: RSAJournal
Year: 2020

description: The election of Donald Trump has brought a widely-recognized emphasis on racializing discourse and policies, especially directed toward immigrants, and his support is commonly understood to derive from white racial and economic resentment. This paper compares discursive continuities between the President’s rhetoric and previous cultural representations that used race to define American identity through a white habitus, especially the Rocky series of films, the narratives of which distill linked racial and economic resentment into their titular hero’s struggle for victory. The roots of these representations are traced to Jacksonian blackface minstrelsy, where they fulfilled a similar function of defining audiences as white Americans through patriotic dramatizations of racial exclusion and class pride. Yet while Rocky symbolized the virtuous hard-working immigrant celebrated and canonized as the essence of the American, the Trump administration and those who voted for it employ that shared discursive tradition of racialized power and economic bootstrappery to exclude present-day immigrants from the American polity. This shift re-emphasizes the central role of whiteness in representational and subjective definitions of American identity.
description: RSAJournal, V. 31 (2020): American Apocalypse(s): Nuclear Imaginaries and the Reinvention of Modern America
Para-Phenylenediamine - Molecule of the Month October 2022 [Archived version]
Creators: name: May, Paul
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: This is the Molecule of the Month entry for October 2022 about para-Phenylenediamine. It is a pdf archive version of the HTML webpage.