Flavoperla furcomaculata Liu &amp; Yan &amp; Li 2019, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Liu, Hao
name: Yan, Yanhua
name: Li, Weihai
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Plecoptera
Perlidae
Flavoperla
Flavoperla furcomaculata

description: <i>Flavoperla furcomaculata</i> sp. nov. (Figs. 1–9) <b>Adult habitus.</b> Male adult color yellowish brown (Fig. 1). Head pale with a large, subquadrate medial dark brown patch between ocelli, anterolaterally extending along obscure M-line, lightly pigmented and bearing a smaller brown area forward of M-line; compound eyes black, ocelli with dark rings; antennae brownish, scape darker but distal flagella becoming paler (Figs. 1–2). Pronotum brown and sub-rectangular except laterally paler, with scattered brown markings and two dark brown lines along anterior and posterior margins (Fig. 2). Wings hyaline, veins dark; legs pale brown with dark claws. <b>Male.</b> Body length 8.5–8.7 mm; forewing length 10.0– 10.2 mm; hindwing length 8.6–8.9 mm. Hammer brown basally with Y-shaped anterolateral extensions; apical half mostly unpigmented, tapering to a nipple-like brown apex with many spinules; the apex slightly swollen and curved upward in lateral view (Figs. 4–5). Sternum 9 slightly sclerotized with a broadly rounded apex. Epiproct sclerite brown and triangular, was divided by a narrow, longitudinal and membranous band; anterior margin located between bases of paired triangular spines (Fig. 3). Paraprocts slender, curved forward and hooked at tips (Fig. 3). Dorsum of everted aedeagus bearing two vertical sclerites medially (Fig. 7), sub-rectangular in ventral view, about 2X longer than wide, with a pair of flat basolateral processes; mesolateral portion swollen (Fig. 6), dorsally with a downward “mouth-shaped mark” in caudal view (Fig. 9). Female. Unknown. Larva. Unknown. <b>Type material.</b> Holotype male (HIST), CHINA: Shaanxi, Qinling Mountain, Huoditang of Pinglianghe Forestry Station at Ningshan County, 18.7070 N, 108.8247 E, 2012. VII.12, light trap, Weihai Li. Paratypes: 5 males, same data as holotype. <b>Etymology.</b> The specific name refers to the furcated large brown dorsal patch on the head. Latin “Furca” means fork and “macula” means a spot. <b>Distribution</b>. China (Shaanxi). The light trap attracted six males of the new species and the types of <i>Haploperla choui</i> Li &amp; Yao, 2013 (in: Li <i>et al</i>., 2013), <i>Neowuia qinlinga</i> (Li &amp; Murányi, 2015) and <i>F. triangulata</i> <b>sp. nov.</b> <b>Remarks</b>. <i>Flavoperla furcomaculata</i> <b>sp. nov.</b> is related to <i>F</i>. <i>triangulata</i> <b>sp. nov.</b> sharing a similar hammer and epiproct. However, the distinct head patterns and the shapes of the everted aedeagi of both species are distinctive. Among species that can be compared, <i>F</i>. <i>furcomaculata</i> and <i>F</i>. <i>triangulata</i> <b>sp. nov.</b> appears most similar to <i>F. hmong</i> Stark &amp; Sivec, 2008 by having a comparable nipple-like and upturned hammer, but epiprocts are different. In <i>F. hmong</i>, the epiproct is quadrangular (fig. 7 in Stark &amp; Sivec 2008), the epiprocts of the two new species described herein are triangular and subtriangular, respectively. <i>Flavoperla furcomaculata</i> and <i>F</i>. <i>triangulata</i> <b>sp. nov.</b> have also apically hooked paraprocts similar to <i>F. dao</i> Stark &amp; Sivec, 2008 and <i>F. pallida</i> Stark &amp; Sivec, 2008. However, in the latter two species, the unpigmented hammer differs from the two new species, and dorsal head markings of the Vietnamese species are reduced and pale (figs. 1 &amp; 11 in Stark &amp; Sivec 2008).
description: Published as part of <i>Liu, Hao, Yan, Yanhua &amp; Li, Weihai, 2019, Two new species of Flavoperla (Plecoptera: Perlidae) from Shaanxi Province of China, pp. 395-400 in Zootaxa 4614 (2)</i> on pages 395-396, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4614.2.8, http://zenodo.org/record/3242496
description: {"references": ["Li, W. H., Yao, G. &amp; Qin, X. F. (2013) Haploperla choui (Plecoptera: Chloroperlidae), a remarkable new stonefly from Qinling Mountains of China. Zootaxa, 3640 (4), 550 - 556. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3640.4.3", "Li, W. H. &amp; Muranyi, D. (2015) A remarkable new genus of Perlodinae (Plecoptera: Perlodidae) from China, with remarks on the Asian distribution of Perlodinae and questions about its tribal concept. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 259, 41 - 53. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. jcz. 2015.10.003", "Stark, B. P. &amp; Sivec, I. (2008) New Vietnamese species of the genus Flavoperla Chu (Plecoptera: Perlidae). Illiesia, 4 (5), 59 - 65."]}