cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Stochastic Mean-Field Theory for the Disordered Bose-Hubbard Model
Creators: name: Bissbort, U.
name: Hofstetter, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the effect of diagonal disorder on bosons in an optical lattice described by an Anderson-Hubbard model at zero temperature. It is known that within Gutzwiller mean-field theory spatially resolved calculations suffer particularly from finite system sizes in the disordered case, while arithmetic averaging of the order parameter cannot describe the Bose glass phase for finite hopping $J>0$. Here we present and apply a new \emph{stochastic} mean-field theory which captures localization due to disorder, includes non-trivial dimensional effects beyond the mean-field scaling level and is applicable in the thermodynamic limit. In contrast to fermionic systems, we find the existence of a critical hopping strength, above which the system remains superfluid for arbitrarily strong disorder.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures
Perspective on traveling wave microwave parametric amplifiers
Creators: name: Esposito, Martina
name: Ranadive, Arpit
name: Planat, Luca
name: Roch, Nicolas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum-limited microwave parametric amplifiers are genuine key pillars for rising quantum technologies and in general for applications that rely on the successful readout of weak microwave signals by adding only the minimum amount of noise allowed by quantum mechanics. In this perspective, after providing a brief overview on the different families of parametric microwave amplifiers, we focus on traveling wave parametric amplifiers (TWPAs), underlining the key achievements of the last years and the present open challenges. We discuss also possible new research directions beyond amplification such as exploring these devices as a platform for multi-mode entanglement generation and for the development of single photon detectors.
description: version accepted for publication
alerio Casadio,  L'arciere nell'antichità greca e romana. Mito, letteratura e storia.  Teramo. Evoé edizioni. 2010. pp. 163.
Creators: name: Spina, Luigi
Publisher: name: Annali Online  Lettere - Ferrara
Year: 2012

description: Annali Online  Lettere - Ferrara, V 2 (2010)
Utopien der Nation: Landes- und Nationalausstellungen in Ostmitteleuropa vor und nach dem Ersten Weltkrieg
Creators: name: Hofmann, Andreas R.
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung
Year: 2009

description: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung, Bd. 58 Nr. 1-2 (2009): Bilder vieler Ausstellungen. Großexpositionen in Ostmitteleuropa als nationale, mediale und soziale Ereignisse
Feshbach resonances in ultracold 85Rb-87Rb and 6Li-87Rb mixtures
Creators: name: Li, Z.
name: Singh, S.
name: Tscherbul, T. V.
name: Madison, K. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an analysis of experimentally accessible magnetic Feshbach resonances in ultra-cold hetero-nuclear 85Rb-87Rb and 6Li-87Rb mixtures. Using recent experimental measurements of the triplet scattering lengths for 6Li-87Rb and 7Li-87Rb mixtures and Feshbach resonances for one combination of atomic states, we create model potential curves and fine tune them to reproduce the measured resonances and to predict the location of several experimentally relevant resonances in Li-Rb collisions. To model 85Rb-87Rb collisions, we use accurate Rb_2 potentials obtained previously from the analysis of experiments on 87Rb-87Rb collisions. We find resonances that occur at very low magnetic fields, below 10 G, which may be useful for entanglement generation in optical lattices or atom chip magnetic traps.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
Singularity categories, Schur Functors and Triangular Matrix Rings
Creators: name: Chen, Xiao-Wu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study certain Schur functors which preserve singularity categories of rings and we apply them to study the singularity category of triangular matrix rings. In particular, combining these results with Buchweitz-Happel's theorem, we can describe singularity categories of certain non-Gorenstein rings via the stable category of maximal Cohen-Macaulay modules. Three concrete examples of finite-dimensional algebras with the same singularity category are discussed.
description: Comments are welcome!
Barbara Skinner, The Western Front of the Eastern Church. Uniate and Orthodox Conflict in 18th-Century Poland, Ukraine, Belarus, and Russia
Creators: name: Rohdewald, Stefan
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung
Year: 2011

description: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung, Bd. 60 Nr. 1 (2011)
Vorwort
Creators: name: Wendland, Anna Veronika
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung
Year: 2009

description: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung, Bd. 58 Nr. 1-2 (2009): Bilder vieler Ausstellungen. Großexpositionen in Ostmitteleuropa als nationale, mediale und soziale Ereignisse
Counterfactual Explanations for Medical Image Classification and Regression using Diffusion Autoencoder
Creators: name: Atad, Matan
name: Schinz, David
name: Moeller, Hendrik
name: Graf, Robert
name: Wiestler, Benedikt
name: Rueckert, Daniel
name: Navab, Nassir
name: Kirschke, Jan S.
name: Keicher, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Counterfactual explanations (CEs) aim to enhance the interpretability of machine learning models by illustrating how alterations in input features would affect the resulting predictions. Common CE approaches require an additional model and are typically constrained to binary counterfactuals. In contrast, we propose a novel method that operates directly on the latent space of a generative model, specifically a Diffusion Autoencoder (DAE). This approach offers inherent interpretability by enabling the generation of CEs and the continuous visualization of the model's internal representation across decision boundaries.
 Our method leverages the DAE's ability to encode images into a semantically rich latent space in an unsupervised manner, eliminating the need for labeled data or separate feature extraction models. We show that these latent representations are helpful for medical condition classification and the ordinal regression of severity pathologies, such as vertebral compression fractures (VCF) and diabetic retinopathy (DR). Beyond binary CEs, our method supports the visualization of ordinal CEs using a linear model, providing deeper insights into the model's decision-making process and enhancing interpretability.
 Experiments across various medical imaging datasets demonstrate the method's advantages in interpretability and versatility. The linear manifold of the DAE's latent space allows for meaningful interpolation and manipulation, making it a powerful tool for exploring medical image properties. Our code is available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13859266.
description: Accepted for publication at the Journal of Machine Learning for Biomedical Imaging (MELBA) https://melba-journal.org/2024:024. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2303.12031
Tour intermediaries and the regional tourism economy : the case of Japanese tour distribution in British Columbia
Creators: name: Stubbs, Thomas E.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The spatial pattern of tourist travel is of concern to regions attempting to plan for a tourist industry. Planning of the industry has generally focused on allocating elements of supply such as location of hotels and entertainment facilities to create a tourism space economy. Yet, planning for the tourism industry must also examine elements influencing demand such as promotion, marketing and the role of tour intermediation (travel agencies, tour wholesaling and tour operation) in order to develop a more informed tourism policy. The role of intermediary corporations is particularly important to regional tourism economies due to their organizational control over the flow of tourists and their impacts. Intermediaries serve to negotiate and direct the flow of tourists from market regions into and within host regions. Intermediary ability to influence the spatial flow of tourists necessitates their involvement in the planning process. This thesis examines the extent and significance of intermediary control over the spatial pattern of tourist travel. Because international tourism is sold through a multinational network of intermediary firms in market and host regions, an understanding of market structure is necesary to analyze tour distribution patterns. Techniques elicited from the Industrial Organization Model provides methods to outline organizational and structural characteristics of an industry. This model has been used to apply concepts of relevant market, industry size, seller concentration, scale economies and product differentation to the Japanese organized tour market to British Columbia. It was found, using this analysis, that Japanese based intermediary corporations have significant sales control over the tour distribution process for Japanese organized tourists to British Columbia. In 1983, over 53 per cent of these tourists are controlled by six firms which sell, organize, distribute and guide or contract to guide. Of the remaining 47 per cent, Japanese corporations take a central role in deciding tour programmes. Japanese intermediary corporations play a dominant role in the distribution of tourists throughout the B.C. economy. The influence of intermediary corporations point to a number of policy implications. Tourism planning cannot stop at the allocation and promotion- of tourist facilities. Intermediaries have the ability to selectively direct large groups of -tourists to and within regions. On a regional and local level, strategies should be developed with intermediary involvement in the planning process. Without this involvement, planning strategies would be less precise in their attempts to develop policies to influence the spatial flow of tourists.
Mezira kiritshenkoi Hoberlandt 1963
Creators: name: Heiss, Ernst
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Aradidae
Mezira
Mezira kiritshenkoi

description: Mezira kiritshenkoi Hoberlandt, 1963
Mezira kiritshenkoi Hoberlandt, 1963: 160: HT 3: Madagascar (Ambatofitirahana, Mananjary Distr.); ISMT Distr.: Madagascar
Ref.: Hoberlandt, 1963 (key,fig.)¸ Kormilev & Froeschner, 1987:152 (cat.)
description: Published as part of Heiss, Ernst, 2012, Annotated catalogue of the flat bug family Aradidae Brullé, 1836 of Madagascar and adjacent islands (Hemiptera: Heteroptera), pp. 45-63 in Zootaxa 3426 (1) on page 55, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3426.1.3, http://zenodo.org/record/214110
Gamma-rays from young radio galaxies and quasars
Creators: name: Principe, Giacomo
name: Di Venere, Leonardo
name: Orienti, Monica
name: Migliori, Giulia
name: D'Ammando, Filippo
name: Mazziotta, Mario Nicola
name: Giroletti, Marcello
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: According to radiative models, radio galaxies and quasars are predicted to produce gamma rays from the earliest stages of their evolution. Exploring their high-energy emission is crucial for providing information on the most energetic processes, the origin and the structure of the newly born radio jets. Taking advantage of more than 11 years of \textit{Fermi}-LAT data, we investigate the gamma-ray emission of 162 young radio sources (103 galaxies and 59 quasars), the largest sample of young radio sources used so far for such a gamma-ray study. We separately analyze each source and perform the first stacking analysis of this class of sources to investigate the gamma-ray emission of the undetected sources. We detect significant gamma-ray emission from 11 young radio sources, four galaxies and seven quasars, including the discovery of significant gamma-ray emission from the compact radio galaxy PKS 1007+142 (z=0.213). The cumulative signal of below-threshold young radio sources is not significantly detected. However, it is about one order of magnitude below than those derived from the individual sources, providing stringent upper limits on the gamma-ray emission from young radio galaxies ($F_γ< 4.6 \times 10^{-11}$ ph cm$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$) and quasars ($F_γ< 10.1 \times 10^{-11}$ ph cm$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$), and enabling a comparison with the models proposed. With this analysis of more than a decade of \textit{Fermi}-LAT observations, we can conclude that while individual young radio sources can be bright gamma-ray emitters, the collective gamma-ray emission of this class of sources is not bright enough to be detected by \textit{Fermi}-LAT.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS, 20 pages, 20 figures
A Collection of Definitions of Intelligence
Creators: name: Legg, Shane
name: Hutter, Marcus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper is a survey of a large number of informal definitions of ``intelligence'' that the authors have collected over the years. Naturally, compiling a complete list would be impossible as many definitions of intelligence are buried deep inside articles and books. Nevertheless, the 70-odd definitions presented here are, to the authors' knowledge, the largest and most well referenced collection there is.
description: 12 LaTeX pages
Ihor Ševčenko, Ukraine between East and West. Essays on Cultural History to the Early Eighteenth Century
Creators: name: Mark, Rudolf A.
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung
Year: 2011

description: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung, Bd. 60 Nr. 1 (2011)
Transportation and Handling of Seed by Regional Cooperatives in the Southeast
Creators: name: Robbins, Charlie B.
name: Robbins, Charlie B.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1962
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Excerpts from the report: This report is based on a study of the practices employed in purchasing and distributing seed by 7 regional farmer cooperatives that have a substantial wholesale and retail seed business in 13 Southeastern States. These were the principal regional associations operating in the area that included Maryland and West Virginia on the North and Arkansas and Mississippi on the West. All associations operated one or more processing plants and, in total, distributed seed to about 1300 outlets. The objective of the study was to provide basic information that could be used by cooperatives and other firms purchasing and marketing seeds for patrons in the Southeast to improve their transportation, handling, and warehousing methods so as to reduce costs and provide more effective services for farmers. The study endeavored to determine: (1) Volume and origin of seeds purchased and distributed; (2) extent of truck and rail shipments, distances moved, and ways inbound and outbound transportation costs might be reduced; (3) handling and warehousing methods used, especially for receiving seed in bulk and possibilities for improvement; and (4) possibilities for coordination among cooperatives and other firms in the Southeast in procuring seed from surplus producing areas, such as the West.
Charge Transfer from Photoexcited Semiconducting Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes to Wide-Bandgap Wrapping Polymer
Creators: name: Kuang, Zhuoran
name: Berger, Felix J.
name: Lustres, Jose Luis Pérez
name: Wollscheid, Nikolaus
name: Li, Han
name: Lüttgens, Jan
name: Leinen, Merve Balcı
name: Flavel, Benjamin S.
name: Zaumseil, Jana
name: Buckup, Tiago
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As narrow optical bandgap materials, semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) are rarely regarded as charge donors in photoinduced charge-transfer (PCT) reactions. However, the unique band structure and unusual exciton dynamics of SWCNTs add more possibilities to the classical PCT mechanism.In this work, we demonstrate PCT from photoexcited semiconducting (6,5) SWCNTs to a wide-bandgap wrapping poly-[(9,9-dioctylfluorenyl-2,7-diyl)-alt-(6,6')-(2,2'-bipyridine)] (PFO-BPy) via femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy. By monitoring the spectral dynamics of the SWCNT polaron, we show that charge transfer from photoexcited SWCNTs to PFO-BPy can be driven not only by the energetically favorable E33 transition but also by the energetically unfavorable E22 excitation under high pump fluence. This unusual PCT from narrow-bandgap SWCNTs toward a wide-bandgap polymer originates from the up-converted high-energy excitonic state (E33 or higher) that is promoted by the Auger recombination of excitons and charge carriers in SWCNTs. These insights provide new pathways for charge separation in SWCNT-based photodetectors and photovoltaic cells.
All timelike supersymmetric solutions of N=2, D=4 gauged supergravity coupled to abelian vector multiplets
Creators: name: Cacciatori, Sergio L.
name: Klemm, Dietmar
name: Mansi, Diego S.
name: Zorzan, Emanuele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The timelike supersymmetric solutions of N=2, D=4 gauged supergravity coupled to an arbitrary number of abelian vector multiplets are classified using spinorial geometry techniques. We show that the generalized holonomy group for vacua preserving N supersymmetries is GL((8-N)/2,C) $\ltimes$ N/2 C^((8-N)/2) $\subseteq$ GL(8,R), where N=0,2,4,6,8. The spacetime turns out to be a fibration over a three-dimensional base manifold with U(1) holonomy and nontrivial torsion. Our results can be used to construct new supersymmetric AdS black holes with nontrivial scalar fields turned on.
description: 35 pages, uses JHEP3.cls
Bythotrephes longimanus subsp. longimanus Leydig 1860
Creators: name: Korovchinsky, Nikolai M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Branchiopoda
Diplostraca
Cercopagidae
Bythotrephes
Bythotrephes longimanus
Bythotrephes longimanus longimanus leydig, 1860

description: Bythotrephes longimanus longimanus Leydig, 1860
The detailed redescription of the taxon with the designation of a neotype has been done by Korovchinsky (2015).
The specimens of nominotypical subspecies have generally larger body size (up to 3.06 mm) but their most pronounced diagnostic difference is the presence of large, directed more or less down, claws of postabdomen (6.6– 14.0% of body length) and caudal process (6.0–15% of body length) (Table 2).
Geographical distribution. Deep subalpine lakes of Switzerland, Southern Germany, and Northern Italy. The occurrence of the taxon in Great Britain requires further confirmation.
description: Published as part of Korovchinsky, Nikolai M., 2023, Unexpected high species richness of Bythotrephes Leydig, 1860 (Branchiopoda: Cladocera: Cercopagididae) in subalpine Austrian lakes, with the description of new taxa, pp. 77-93 in Zootaxa 5264 (1) on page 84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5264.1.5, http://zenodo.org/record/7836203
Flavor Symmetries in the Yukawa Sector of Non-Supersymmetric SO(10): Numerical Fits Using Renormalization Group Running
Creators: name: Ohlsson, Tommy
name: Pernow, Marcus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a class of $\text{SO}(10)$ models with flavor symmetries in the Yukawa sector and investigate their viability by performing numerical fits to the fermion masses and mixing parameters. The fitting procedure involves a top-down approach in which we solve the renormalization group equations from the scale of grand unification down to the electroweak scale. This allows the intermediate scale right-handed neutrinos and scalar triplet, involved in the type I and II seesaw mechanisms, to be integrated out at their corresponding mass scales, leading to a correct renormalization group running. The result is that, of the 14 models considered, only two are able to fit the known data well. Both these two models correspond to $\mathbb{Z}_2$ symmetries. In addition to being able to fit the fermion masses and mixing parameters, they provide predictions for the sum of light neutrino masses and the effective neutrinoless double beta decay mass parameter, which are both within current observational bounds.
description: 19 pages, 4 tables. Final version published in JHEP
Editorial
Creators: name: N., N.
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung
Year: 2009

description: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung, Bd. 58 Nr. 1-2 (2009): Bilder vieler Ausstellungen. Großexpositionen in Ostmitteleuropa als nationale, mediale und soziale Ereignisse
X(2370) glueball-like particle productions in $e^+e^-$ collisions at the BESIII energy and in pp collisions at the LHC energy with PACIAE model
Creators: name: Cao, Jian
name: She, Zhi-Lei
name: Zhang, Jin-Peng
name: Shi, Jia-Hao
name: Qin, Zhi-Ying
name: Zhang, Wen-Chao
name: Zheng, Hua
name: Lei, An-Ke
name: Zhou, Dai-Mei
name: Yan, Yu-Liang
name: Sa, Ben-Hao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Inspired by the BESIII newest observation of X(2370) glueball-like particle, we search its productions in both $e^+e^-$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=$ 4.95 GeV and proton-proton (pp) collisions at $\sqrt{s}=$ 13 TeV with a parton and hadron cascade model PACIAE. In this model, the final partonic state (FPS) and the final hadronic state (FHS) are consecutively simulated and recorded. The X(2370) glueball- or tetraquark-state is then, respectively, recombined by two gluons or four quarks $ss\bar{s}\bar{s}$ in the FPS using the quantum statistical mechanics inspired dynamically constrained phase-space coalescence (DCPC) model. The X(2370) molecular-state is recombined by the baryon-antibaryon of $Λ$-$\barΛ$ or $Σ$-$\barΣ$, or by three mesons of $π^+π^{-}η'$, $K^+K^-η'$, or $K_S^0K_S^0η'$ in the FHS using DCPC model. In both $e^+e^-$ and pp collisions, significant discrepancies in the yields, the transverse momentum spectra and the rapidity distributions among the X(2370) glueball-, tetraquark-, and molecular-state are observed. These discrepancies are proposed as valuable criteria identifying the X(2370) different states from each other. Our results not only support the BESIII observation of glueball-like particle $\rm X(2370)$ production in $e^+e^-$ collisions, but also serve as a prediction for the $\rm X(2370)$ production in pp collisions. We strongly suggest the experimental measurement of the X(2370) glueball-like particle production in pp collisions at the LHC energies.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
The perceptions of elderly residents toward the physical environment and planning
Creators: name: Tufts, Stuart Earl
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: As the Canadian population ages the implications for urban planning are becoming an important concern. This concern, thus far, has focussed largely upon single issues such as "housing and the elderly" or upon the "institutionalized" elderly. Relatively few investigations have explored the larger issue of the role of urban planning in Canadian communities with a substantial proportion of elderly residents. This study examines the environmental factors that influence the elderly person's "quality of life" in White Rock, British Columbia. More specifically, the objectives are: (1) to describe specific problem areas and identify where, when and how they occur. (2) to identify factors in the physical environment of White Rock that influence an elderly person's ability to maintain personal independence. (3) to review proposed alternative methods of intervention that might offer an improvement in accommodating the environmental requirements of White Rock's elderly residents. The approach taken in this study consists of three steps. The first step summarizes the existing literature on past planning practices in Canada and the United States regarding the elderly together with the environmental requirements of the elderly. The second research task involves the collection of information at the municipal level to establish a profile of White Rock. The third step includes focussed group interviews with three groups of four elderly residents (and one pre-test group) to gain their views on the community's physical environment. As well, focussed interviews are conducted with the local mayor and planner to obtain their responses to the group interview findings. The major conclusions are: (1) there is a need for further study in Canada of the non-institutionalized elderly that strikes a balance between those studies that examine single environmental issues facing the elderly and those that pursue a more holistic approach. (2) maintaining maximum independence in daily living is vitally important to the elderly. (3) there is a heightened effect of the physical environment upon the elderly. (4) there is a need for changes in the practice of community planning regarding the elderly.
Psicobiologia del desiderio
Creators: name: Puglisi Allegra, Stefano
Publisher: name: Lebenswelt. Aesthetics and philosophy of experience.
Year: 2014

description: Desire is a product of evolution, and the emotional/motivational processes on which it is based are an essential adaptive resource for humans and animals. The development of the nervous system, the appearance of emotion and of the complex cognitive functions that accompany it are based on neurobehavioral endowments responsible for the preparation of behavioral plans guided by "attribution of value", that is motivation. And motivation, when associated to rewarding or negative experiences, implies the possibility to attribute incentive value to the object that is not linked, originally, to the satisfaction of needs.
description: Lebenswelt. Aesthetics and philosophy of experience., No 4 (2014)
Optical Shock-Enhanced Self-Photon Acceleration
Creators: name: Franke, Philip
name: Ramsey, Dillon
name: Simpson, Tanner T.
name: Froula, Dustin H.
name: Palastro, John P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Photon accelerators can spectrally broaden laser pulses with high efficiency in moving electron density gradients. When driven by a conventional laser pulse, the group velocity walk-off experienced by the accelerated photons and deterioration of the gradient from diffraction and refraction limit the extent of spectral broadening. Here we show that a laser pulse with a shaped space-time and transverse intensity profile overcomes these limitations by creating a guiding density profile at a tunable velocity. Self-photon acceleration in this profile leads to dramatic spectral broadening and intensity steepening, forming an optical shock that further enhances the rate of spectral broadening. In this new regime, multi-octave spectra extending from $400 nm - 60 nm$ wavelengths, which support near-transform limited $< 400 as$ pulses, are generated over $<100 μ$m of interaction length.
Robert Traba, Ostpreußen - die Konstruktion einer deutschen Provinz. Eine Studie zur regionalen und nationalen Identität 1914-1933
Creators: name: Kossert, Andreas
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung
Year: 2011

description: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung, Bd. 60 Nr. 1 (2011)
Observation of Fermi-surface-dependent nodeless superconducting gaps in Ba0.6K0.4Fe2As2
Creators: name: Ding, H.
name: Richard, P.
name: Nakayama, K.
name: Sugawara, T.
name: Arakane, T.
name: Sekiba, Y.
name: Takayama, A.
name: Souma, S.
name: Sato, T.
name: Takahashi, T.
name: Wang, Z.
name: Dai, X.
name: Fang, Z.
name: Chen, G. F.
name: Luo, J. L.
name: Wang, N. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recent discovery of superconductivity in iron-arsenic compounds below a transition temperature (Tc) as high as 55K ended the monopoly of copper oxides (cuprates) in the family of high-Tc superconductors. A critical issue in understanding this new superconductor, as in the case of cuprates, is the nature, in particular the symmetry and orbital dependence, of the superconducting gap. There are conflicting experimental results, mostly from indirect measurements of the low energy excitation gap, ranging from one gap to two gaps, from line nodes to nodeless gap function in momentum space. Here we report a direct observation of the superconducting gap, including its momentum, temperature, and Fermi surface (FS) dependence in Ba0.6K0.4Fe2As2 (Tc = 37 K) using angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy. We find two superconducting gaps with different values: a large gap (~ 12 meV) on the two small hole-like and electron-like FS sheets, and a small gap (~ 6 meV) on the large hole-like FS. Both gaps, closing simultaneously at the bulk Tc, are nodeless and nearly isotropic around their respective FS sheets. The isotropic pairing interactions are strongly orbital dependent, as the ratio 2Delta/kBTc switches from weak to strong coupling on different bands. The same and surprisingly large superconducting gap due to strong pairing on the two small FS, which are connected by the (pi, 0) spin-density-wave vector in the parent compound, strongly suggests that the pairing mechanism originates from the inter-band interactions between these two nested FS sheets.
description: 4 figures
The challenge of detecting remote spectroscopic signatures from radionuclides
Creators: name: Haqq-Misra, Jacob
name: Kofman, Vincent
name: Kopparapu, Ravi K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The characterization of exoplanetary atmospheres through transit spectra is becoming increasingly feasible, and technology for direct detection remains ongoing. The possibility of detecting spectral features could enable quantitative constraints on atmospheric composition or even serve as a potential biosignature, with the sensitivity of the instrument and observation time as key limiting factors. This paper discusses the possibility that future remote observations could detect the presence of radioactive elements in the atmospheres of exoplanets. Such radionuclides could arise from cosmogenic or geologic sources, as well as from industrial sources, all of which occur on Earth. The detection of radionuclides in an exoplanetary atmosphere could reveal important properties about the planet's geology or space environment, and potentially could serve as a technosignature. However, many radionuclides, including those from industrial sources, attach to aerosol or other particles that cannot be remotely characterized. Limited experimental and theoretical spectral data exist for long-lived radionuclides, but the sensitivity required to detect the spectral features of some known radionuclides would be at least several orders of magnitude greater than required to detect the spectral features of molecular oxygen. Present-day remote spectroscopic observing mission concepts at ultraviolet to mid-infrared wavelengths are not sensitive to discern the presence of radionuclides in exoplanetary atmospheres. Interplanetary fly-by or probe missions may be more likely to provide such data in the future.
description: Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
A comparison of the effects of different methodologies on the statistics learning profiles of prospective primary education teachers from a gender perspective
Creators: name: Anasagasti, J.
name: Berciano, A.
name: Izagirre, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Over the last decades,it has been shown that teaching and learning statistics is complex, regardless of the teaching methodology. This research presents the different learning profiles identified in a group of future Primary Education (PE) teachers during the study of the Statistics blockdepending on the methodology used and gender, where the sample consists of 132 students in the third year of the PE undergraduate degree in theUniversity of the Basque Country(Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea, UPV/EHU). To determine the profiles, a cluster analysis technique has been used, where the main variables to determine them are, on the one hand, their statistical competence development and, on the other hand, the evolutionof their attitude towards statistics. In order to better understand the nature of the profiles obtained, the type of teaching methodology used to work on the Statistics block has been taken into account. This comparison is based on the fact that the sample is divided into two groups: one has worked with a Project Based Learning (PBL) methodology,while the other has worked with a methodology in which theoretical explanations and typically decontextualized exercises predominate. Among the results obtained,three differentiated profiles areobserved, highlighting the proportion of students with an advantageous profile in the group where PBL is included.With regard to gender, the results show that women's attitudes towardstatistics evolvedmore positively than men's after the sessions devoted to statistics in the PBL group.
description: 16 pages; 5 figures
Trends and random fluctuations in athletics
Creators: name: Suter, Dieter
name: Gembris, Daniel
name: Taylor, John G.
Publisher: name: Nature Publishing Group
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: 530

description: Improvements in the results of athletic competitions are often considered to stem from better training and equipment, but elements of chance are always present in athletics and these also contribute. Here we distinguish between these two effects by estimating the range into which athletic records would have fallen in the absence of systematic progress and then comparing this with actual performance results. We find that only 4 out of 22 disciplines have shown a systematic improvement, and that annual best results worldwide1 show saturation in some disciplines.
Scattering due to non-magnetic disorder in 2D anisotropic d-wave high Tc superconductors
Creators: name: Contreras, P.
name: Osorio, Dianela
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: cond-mat.supr-con

description: Inspired by the studies on the influence of transition metal impurities in high Tc superconductors and what is already known about nonmagnetic suppression of Tc in unconventional superconductors, we set out to investigate the behavior of the nonmagnetic disordered elastic scattering for a realistic 2D anisotropic high Tc superconductor with line nodes and a Fermi surface in the tight-binding approximation. For this purpose, we performed a detailed self-consistent 2D numerical study of the disordered averaged scattering matrix with nonmagnetic impurities and a singlet line nodes order parameter, varying the concentration and the strength of the impurities potential in the Born, intermediate and unitary limits. In a high Tc anisotropic superconductor with a tight binding dispersion law averaging over the Fermi surface, including hopping parameters and an order parameter in agreement with experimental data, the tight-binding approximation reflects the anisotropic effects. In this study, we also included a detailed visualization of the behavior of the scattering matrix with different sets of physical parameters involved in the nonmagnetic disorder, which allowed us to model the dressed scattering behavior in different regimes for very low and high energies. With this study, we demonstrate that the scattering elastic matrix is affected by the non-magnetic disorder, as well as the importance of an order parameter and a Fermi surface in agreement with experiments when studying this effect in unconventional superconductors.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures, 1 typo
Can Protostellar Jets Drive Supersonic Turbulence in Molecular Clouds?
Creators: name: Banerjee, Robi
name: Klessen, Ralf S.
name: Fendt, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Jets and outflows from young stellar objects are proposed candidates to drive supersonic turbulence in molecular clouds. Here, we present the results from multi-dimensional jet simulations where we investigate in detail the energy and momentum deposition from jets into their surrounding environment and quantify the character of the excited turbulence with velocity probability density functions. Our study include jet--clump interaction, transient jets, and magnetised jets. We find that collimated supersonic jets do not excite supersonic motions far from the vicinity of the jet. Supersonic fluctuations are damped quickly and do not spread into the parent cloud. Instead subsonic, non-compressional modes occupy most of the excited volume. This is a generic feature which can not be fully circumvented by overdense jets or magnetic fields. Nevertheless, jets are able to leave strong imprints in their cloud structure and can disrupt dense clumps. Our results question the ability of collimated jets to sustain supersonic turbulence in molecular clouds.
description: 33 pages, 18 figures, accepted by ApJ, version with high resolution figures at: http://www.ita.uni-heidelberg.de/~banerjee/publications/jet_paper.pdf
Ni$_{80}$Fe$_{20}$ Nanotubes with Optimized Spintronic Functionalities Prepared by Atomic Layer Deposition
Creators: name: Giordano, Maria Carmen
name: Steinvall, Simon Escobar
name: Watanabe, Sho
name: Morral, Anna Fontcuberta i
name: Grundler, Dirk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Permalloy Ni$_{80}$Fe$_{20}$ is one of the key magnetic materials in the field of magnonics. Its potential would be further unveiled if it could be deposited in three dimensional (3D) architectures of sizes down to the nanometer. Atomic Layer Deposition, ALD, is the technique of choice for covering arbitrary shapes with homogeneous thin films. Early successes with ferromagnetic materials include nickel and cobalt. Still, challenges in depositing ferromagnetic alloys reside in the synthesis via decomposing the consituent elements at the same temperature and homogeneously. We report plasma-enhanced ALD to prepare permalloy Ni$_{80}$Fe$_{20}$ thin films and nanotubes using nickelocene and iron(III) tert-butoxide as metal precursors, water as the oxidant agent and an in-cycle plasma enhanced reduction step with hydrogen. We have optimized the ALD cycle in terms of Ni:Fe atomic ratio and functional properties. We obtained a Gilbert damping of 0.013, a resistivity of 28 $μΩ$cm and an anisotropic magnetoresistance effect of 5.6 $\%$ in the planar thin film geometry. We demonstrate that the process also works for covering GaAs nanowires, resulting in permalloy nanotubes with high aspect ratios and diameters of about 150 nm. Individual nanotubes were investigated in terms of crystal phase, composition and spin-dynamic response by microfocused Brillouin Light Scattering. Our results enable NiFe-based 3D spintronics and magnonic devices in curved and complex topology operated in the GHz frequency regime.
description: 19 pages, 14 figures (including supplementary information)
"I Guess I Just Realized How Tired I Had Become": In Defense of Insurgent Pedagogy
Creators: name: Gibbs, Brian
Publisher: name: Critical Education
Year: 2018

description: This manuscript details how four self-described justice-oriented teachers, teaching social studies in urban schools maintained, defended, and expanded their teaching in unsupported environments. All four teachers are veteran educators who teach intentionally chose their school sites deliberately and can all be labeled activist educators, though one uncomfortably. Taken from a larger 5 year study, this article seeks to describe the actions taken by four teachers during the first two years of the study who teach in similar socio-economic, geographic and school spaces and who all attended the same justice oriented teacher education program. These four teachers prove that it is possible to teach for social justice in unsupportive schools but also indicate that are costs. These costs raise serious questions about the sustainability of their efforts over time.
description: Critical Education, Vol 10 No 10 (2019)
Composing Graph Theory and Deep Neural Networks to Evaluate SEU Type Soft Error Effects
Creators: name: Balakrishnan, Aneesh
name: Lange, Thomas
name: Glorieux, Maximilien
name: Alexandrescu, Dan
name: Jenihhin, Maksim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Hardware Architecture (cs.AR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Rapidly shrinking technology node and voltage scaling increase the susceptibility of Soft Errors in digital circuits. Soft Errors are radiation-induced effects while the radiation particles such as Alpha, Neutrons or Heavy Ions, interact with sensitive regions of microelectronic devices/circuits. The particle hit could be a glancing blow or a penetrating strike. A well apprehended and characterized way of analyzing soft error effects is the fault-injection campaign, but that typically acknowledged as time and resource-consuming simulation strategy. As an alternative to traditional fault injection-based methodologies and to explore the applicability of modern graph based neural network algorithms in the field of reliability modeling, this paper proposes a systematic framework that explores gate-level abstractions to extract and exploit relevant feature representations at low-dimensional vector space. The framework allows the extensive prediction analysis of SEU type soft error effects in a given circuit. A scalable and inductive type representation learning algorithm on graphs called GraphSAGE has been utilized for efficiently extracting structural features of the gate-level netlist, providing a valuable database to exercise a downstream machine learning or deep learning algorithm aiming at predicting fault propagation metrics. Functional Failure Rate (FFR): the predicted fault propagating metric of SEU type fault within the gate-level circuit abstraction of the 10-Gigabit Ethernet MAC (IEEE 802.3) standard circuit.
description: 5 pages for conference, Number of figures: 3, Conference: 2020 9th Mediterranean Conference on Embedded Computing (MECO)
Experimental study on Gaussian-modulated coherent states quantum key distribution over standard telecom fiber
Creators: name: Qi, Bing
name: Huang, Lei-Lei
name: Qian, Li
name: Lo, Hoi-Kwong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we present a fully fiber-based one-way Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) system implementing the Gaussian-Modulated Coherent States (GMCS) protocol. The system employs a double Mach-Zehnder Interferometer (MZI) configuration in which the weak quantum signal and the strong Local Oscillator (LO) go through the same fiber between Alice and Bob, and are separated into two paths inside Bob's terminal. To suppress the LO leakage into the signal path, which is an important contribution to the excess noise, we implemented a novel scheme combining polarization and frequency multiplexing, achieving an extinction ratio of 70dB. To further minimize the system excess noise due to phase drift of the double MZI, we propose that, instead of employing phase feedback control, one simply let Alice remap her data by performing a rotation operation. We further present noise analysis both theoretically and experimentally. Our calculation shows that the combined polarization and frequency multiplexing scheme can achieve better stability in practice than the time-multiplexing scheme, because it allows one to use matched fiber lengths for the signal and the LO paths on both sides of the double MZI, greatly reducing the phase instability caused by unmatched fiber lengths. Our experimental noise analysis quantifies the three main contributions to the excess noise, which will be instructive to future studies of the GMCS QKD systems. Finally, we demonstrate, under the "realistic model" in which Eve cannot control the system within Bob's terminal, a secure key rate of 0.3bit/pulse over a 5km fiber link. This key rate is about two orders of magnitude higher than that of a practical BB84 QKD system.
description: 21 pages, 9 figures
BMFT: Achieving Fairness via Bias-based Weight Masking Fine-tuning
Creators: name: Xue, Yuyang
name: Yan, Junyu
name: Dutt, Raman
name: Haider, Fasih
name: Liu, Jingshuai
name: McDonagh, Steven
name: Tsaftaris, Sotirios A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Developing models with robust group fairness properties is paramount, particularly in ethically sensitive domains such as medical diagnosis. Recent approaches to achieving fairness in machine learning require a substantial amount of training data and depend on model retraining, which may not be practical in real-world scenarios. To mitigate these challenges, we propose Bias-based Weight Masking Fine-Tuning (BMFT), a novel post-processing method that enhances the fairness of a trained model in significantly fewer epochs without requiring access to the original training data. BMFT produces a mask over model parameters, which efficiently identifies the weights contributing the most towards biased predictions. Furthermore, we propose a two-step debiasing strategy, wherein the feature extractor undergoes initial fine-tuning on the identified bias-influenced weights, succeeded by a fine-tuning phase on a reinitialised classification layer to uphold discriminative performance. Extensive experiments across four dermatological datasets and two sensitive attributes demonstrate that BMFT outperforms existing state-of-the-art (SOTA) techniques in both diagnostic accuracy and fairness metrics. Our findings underscore the efficacy and robustness of BMFT in advancing fairness across various out-of-distribution (OOD) settings. Our code is available at: https://github.com/vios-s/BMFT
description: Accepted by MICCAI 2024 FAIMI Workshop Oral
Jörg Meier (Hrsg.), Deutschsprachige Handschriften in slowakischen Archiven. Vom Mittelalter bis zur Frühen Neuzeit. Bd. 1: Westslowakei. Bd. 2: Mittelslowakei. Bd. 3: Ostslowakei
Creators: name: Irgang, Winfried
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung
Year: 2011

description: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung, Bd. 60 Nr. 1 (2011)