cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The health effects of air pollution: A reanalysis
Creators: name: Chappie, Mike
name: Lave, Lester B.
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 150399 Business and Management not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Using a newly assembled data base, we explore the relationship between mortality and measures of sulfates and suspended particulates in 96 cities, counties, and metropolitan areas (SMSAs) of the United States. The data fit the previously estimated Lave-Seskin model and we cannot reject the null hypothesis of identical air-pollution coefficients in 1960, 1969, and 1974 cross sections. A strong, consistent, and statistically significant association between sulfates and mortality persists. The association is changed little by adding variables for smoking and alcohol consumption, by using a generalized least-squares estimator instead of OLS, by using city or county instead of SMSA data, or by adding medical care and nutrition variables and using a simultaneous equation framework. These results can be used to support stringent abatement of sulfur-oxides air pollution.
Characterization of the Novel Fluoride Resistant Gene flr-3 in C. elegans
Creators: name: Honey, Kendra
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans is a simple model organism used to better understand the mechanistic basis of human health and disease, as most cellular, molecular, and genetic pathways are conserved to humans. We have identified DRL-1 as a Mitogen Activated Protein (MAP) kinase responsible for proper growth and lipid homeostasis in C. elegans. The flr- 3 mutation, which was identified in a forward genetic screen, has been previously shown to confer fluoride resistance, however the molecular identity of flr-3 remains unknown. To investigate the function of flr-3, we examined its role in development and lipid reallocation, as well as compared flr-3 mutant phenotypes to the drl-1 mutant. Our results indicated that flr-3 genocopies drl-1, displaying defects in growth and lipid reallocation, indicating that it may function within the same pathway. Additionally, a complementation cross revealed that flp-2, a known mutation in the flr-3 mutant strain, does not the cause the flr-3 mutant phenotypes, leaving the genetic identity of flr-3 unknown.
Additional file 1 of Patient-centered empirical research on ethically relevant psychosocial and cultural aspects of cochlear, glaucoma and cardiovascular implants – a scoping review
Creators: name: Schulz, Sabine
name: Harzheim, Laura
name: Hübner, Constanze
name: Lorke, Mariya
name: Jünger, Saskia
name: Woopen, Christiane
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1:“Implant-related ethical aspect_scoping review_Schulz et al._supplementary material.doc” includes Supplementary material A. Search strategy, Supplementary material B. List of extracted variables, Supplementary table 1. Number of articles per country and continent overall as well as in each implant area (data relating to Fig. 2), Supplementary table 2. Thematic sorting (Overview of addressed topics in selected body of literature, thematically organized alongside the fundamental ethical values), Supplementary table 3. Narrative Synthesis Findings (Overview of main results of the narrative synthesis of this review).
Previous R&D of vibrating wire alignment technique for HEPS
Creators: name: Wu, Lei
name: Wang, Xiaolong
name: Li, Chunhua
name: Qu, Huamin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The alignment tolerance of multipoles on a girder is better than 30um in the storage ring of High Energy Photon Source HEPS which will be the next project at IHEP Institute of High Energy Physics. This is difficult to meet the precision only using the traditional optical survey method. In order to achieve this goal, vibrating wire alignment technique with high precision and sensitivity is considered to be used in this project. This paper presents some previous research works about theory, scheme design and achievements.
description: 5pages,9 figures,3 tables
The Intergenerational Conflict Over the Provisions of Public Education
Creators: name: Epple, Dennis
name: Romano, Richard
name: Sieg, Holger
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 150399 Business and Management not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: We study the inter-generational conflict over the provision of public education. This conflict arises because older households without children have weaker incentives to support the provision of high quality educational services in a community than younger households with school-age children. We develop an overlapping generations model for households in a system of multiple jurisdictions. This model captures the differences in preferred policies over the life-cycle. We show that the observed inequality in educational policies across communities is not only the outcome of stratification by income, but is also determined by the stratification by age and a political process that is dominated by older voters in many urban communities with low quality of educational services. The mobility of older households creates a positive fiscal externality since it creates a larger tax base per student. This positive tax externality can dominate the negative effects that arise because older households tend to vote for lower educational expenditures. As a consequence sorting by age can reduce the inequality in educational outcomes that is driven by income sorting.
The orbital kinematics of eta Carinae over three periastra with a possible detection of the elusive secondary's motion
Creators: name: Strawn, Emily
name: Richardson, Noel D.
name: Moffat, Anthony F. J.
name: Ibrahim, Nour
name: Lane, Alexis
name: Pickett, Connor
name: Chené, André-Nicolas
name: Corcoran, Michael F.
name: Damineli, Augusto
name: Gull, Theodore R.
name: Hillier, D. John
name: Morris, Patrick
name: Pablo, Herbert
name: Thomas, Joshua D.
name: Stevens, Ian R.
name: Teodoro, Mairan
name: Weigelt, Gerd
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The binary eta Carinae is the closest example of a very massive star, which may have formed through a merger during its Great Eruption in the mid-nineteenth century. We aimed to confirm and improve the kinematics using a spectroscopic data set taken with the CTIO 1.5 m telescope over the time period of 2008-2020, covering three periastron passages of the highly eccentric orbit. We measure line variability of H-alpha and H-beta, where the radial velocity and orbital kinematics of the primary star were measured from the H-beta emission line using a bisector method. At phases away from periastron, we observed the He II 4686 emission moving opposite the primary star, consistent with a possible Wolf-Rayet companion, although with a seemingly narrow emission line. This could represent the first detection of emission from the companion.
description: 11 pages, accepted to MNRAS
Switchback Deflections Beyond the Early Parker Solar Probe Encounters
Creators: name: Laker, R.
name: Horbury, T. S.
name: Matteini, L.
name: Bale, S. D.
name: Stawarz, J. E.
name: Woodham, L. D.
name: Woolley, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Switchbacks are Aflvénic fluctuations in the solar wind, which exhibit large rotations in the magnetic field direction. Observations from Parker Solar Probe's (PSP's) first two solar encounters have formed the basis for many of the described switchback properties and generation mechanisms. However, this early data may not be representative of the typical near-Sun solar wind, biasing our current understanding of these phenomena. One defining switchback property is the magnetic deflection direction. During the first solar encounter, this was primarily in the tangential direction for the longest switchbacks, which has since been discussed as evidence, and a testable prediction, of several switchback generation methods. In this study, we re-examine the deflection direction of switchbacks during the first eight PSP encounters to confirm the existence of a systematic deflection direction. We first identify switchbacks exceeding a threshold deflection in the magnetic field and confirm a previous finding that they are arc-polarized. In agreement with earlier results from PSP's first encounter, we find that groups of longer switchbacks tend to deflect in the same direction for several hours. However, in contrast to earlier studies, we find that there is no unique direction for these deflections, although several solar encounters showed a non-uniform distribution in deflection direction with a slight preference for the tangential direction. This result suggests a systematic magnetic configuration for switchback generation, which is consistent with interchange reconnection as a source mechanism, although this new evidence does not rule out other mechanisms, such as the expansion of wave modes.
Unitarity bounds for all symmetry-constrained 3HDMs
Creators: name: Bento, Miguel P.
name: Romão, Jorge C.
name: Silva, João P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Models with three Higgs doublets (3HDM) are the source of much recent activity, for they are key components of many solutions to the problems of the Standard Model; from extra sources of CP violation to Dark Matter candidates. We compute explicitly the theoretical bounds for all symmetry-constrained 3HDM arising from the perturbative unitarity of two-to-two scattering amplitudes. In addition, we propose a method based on principal minors that foregoes diagonalization and which is preferable in all models (not only 3HDM) dealing with large scattering matrices.
Volume Five: The Introduction of Pseudology and the Establishment of the Pseudologist
Creators: name: Lehti, Andrew
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 390409
subject: Learning sciences
classificationCode: 500312
subject: Philosophy of cognition
classificationCode: 500317
subject: Philosophy of science (excl. history and philosophy of specific fields)
classificationCode: 500208
subject: History of philosophy
classificationCode: 440710
subject: Research, science and technology policy
classificationCode: 441006
subject: Sociological methodology and research methods

description: The distinction between astronomy and astrology offers a historical precedent for understanding how fields can diverge into rigorous science and more speculative or creative approaches. Similarly, the split between pseudoscience and pseudology mirrors this divergence. While pseudoscience attempts to imitate scientific methods without adherence to its rigorous standards, pseudology represents an alternative approach that intentionally departs from conventional practices in pursuit of innovation and new insights.Pseudology, defined as the creative and experimental study of established fields through unconventional, speculative methods, encourages exploration beyond the rigid boundaries of traditional disciplines. Unlike pseudoscience, which may mislead or distort scientific understanding, pseudology is driven by intellectual curiosity and is not intended to replace scientific rigor but to expand it through imaginative thinking.The term "pseudo" in pharmacology, as seen in compounds like pseudoephedrine, similarly denotes a subtle variation or analog of a more familiar substance—one that mimics certain effects but is distinct in structure or function. This nuanced use of "pseudo" reflects how pseudology operates: it draws from established knowledge but purposefully veers off course to explore new perspectives, much like a pseudologist creatively reimagines the boundaries of knowledge in fields such as science, technology, and the arts. By embracing experimental frameworks, pseudology challenges existing paradigms and opens new pathways for intellectual and creative inquiry, offering fertile ground for future scientific and artistic exploration.Just as astronomy solidified itself as a science distinct from astrology, pseudology aims not to undermine established knowledge but to complement it with innovative, alternative perspectives.
Random number generation with a chaotic electromechanical resonator
Creators: name: Madiot, Guilhem
name: Correia, Franck
name: Barbay, Sylvain
name: Braive, Rémy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Chaos enables the emergence of randomness in deterministic physical systems. Therefore it can be exploited for the conception of true random number generators (RNG) mandatory in classical cryptography applications. Meanwhile, nanomechanical oscillators, at the core of many on-board functionalities such as sensing, reveal as excellent candidates to behave chaotically. This is made possible thanks to intrinsic mechanical nonlinearities emerging at the nanoscale. Here we present a platform gathering a nanomechanical oscillator and its integrated capacitive actuation. Using a modulation of the resonant force induced by the electrodes, we demonstrate chaotic dynamics and study how it depends on the dissipation of the system. The randomness of a binary sequence generated from a chaotic time trace is evaluated and discussed such that the generic parameters enabling successful random number generation can be established. This demonstration makes use of concepts which are sufficiently general to be applied to the next generation of nano-electro-optomechanical systems.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
Gauged R-symmetry and its anomalies in 4D N=1 supergravity and phenomenological implications
Creators: name: Antoniadis, I.
name: Ghilencea, D. M.
name: Knoops, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a class of models with gauged U(1)_R symmetry in 4D N=1 supergravity that have, at the classical level, a metastable ground state, an infinitesimally small (tunable) positive cosmological constant and a TeV gravitino mass. We analyse if these properties are maintained under the addition of visible sector (MSSM-like) and hidden sector state(s), where the latter may be needed for quantum consistency. We then discuss the anomaly cancellation conditions in supergravity as derived by Freedman, Elvang and Körs and apply their results to the special case of a U(1)_R symmetry, in the presence of the Fayet-Iliopoulos term ($ξ$) and Green-Schwarz mechanism(s). We investigate the relation of these anomaly cancellation conditions to the "naive" field theory approach in global SUSY, in which case U(1)_R cannot even be gauged. We show the two approaches give similar conditions. Their induced constraints at the phenomenological level, on the above models, remain strong even if one lifted the GUT-like conditions for the MSSM gauge couplings. In an anomaly-free model, a tunable, TeV-scale gravitino mass may remain possible provided that the U(1)_R charges of additional hidden sector fermions (constrained by the cubic anomaly alone) do not conflict with the related values of U(1)_R charges of their scalar superpartners, constrained by existence of a stable ground state. This issue may be bypassed by tuning instead the coefficients of the Kahler connection anomalies (b_K, b_{CK}).
description: 24 pages
RIS-aided Joint Localization and Synchronization with a Single-Antenna Receiver: Beamforming Design and Low-Complexity Estimation
Creators: name: Fascista, Alessio
name: Keskin, Musa Furkan
name: Coluccia, Angelo
name: Wymeersch, Henk
name: Seco-Granados, Gonzalo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) have attracted enormous interest thanks to their ability to overcome line-of-sight blockages in mmWave systems, enabling in turn accurate localization with minimal infrastructure. Less investigated are however the benefits of exploiting RIS with suitably designed beamforming strategies for optimized localization and synchronization performance. In this paper, a novel low-complexity method for joint localization and synchronization based on an optimized design of the base station (BS) active precoding and RIS passive phase profiles is proposed, for the challenging case of a single-antenna receiver. The theoretical position error bound is first derived and used as metric to jointly optimize the BS-RIS beamforming, assuming a priori knowledge of the user position. By exploiting the low-dimensional structure of the solution, a novel codebook-based robust design strategy with optimized beam power allocation is then proposed, which provides low-complexity while taking into account the uncertainty on the user position. Finally, a reduced-complexity maximum-likelihood based estimation procedure is devised to jointly recover the user position and the synchronization offset. Extensive numerical analysis shows that the proposed joint BS-RIS beamforming scheme provides enhanced localization and synchronization performance compared to existing solutions, with the proposed estimator attaining the theoretical bounds even at low signal-to-noise-ratio and in the presence of additional uncontrollable multipath propagation.
The International Debt Problem
Creators: name: Meltzer, Allan
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 150399 Business and Management not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: The U.S. Treasury's policy toward the international debt of developing countries has some of the main features of the failed approach toward the thrift industry. Since 1982 the administration approached both problems with optimistic public assessments of the prospects for improvement, while it permitted inaccurate accounting and delayed the search for a lasting solution. The thrift crisis ended with a massive shift of liabilities to the taxpayers. The risk is that the international debt problem win end the same way. -
Banks have been encouraged to carry their International debt at face value and to report Interest as paid even 1f the Interest parent was obtained by making additional loans to the debtor countries. At Seoul 1n 1985 Secretary Baker offered additional loans to countries that reformed their economies so as to promote efficiency and growth. Fifteen countries, known as the Baker 15. were given special attention. Since 1985, the Interest rates on new commitments received by private creditors have been lowered and, in many cases, now differ little from the rates charged by International agencies despite the subordinate position of private debt. A few countries Implemented reforms but most did not. and the growth of GNP for the group remained low.
Overcoming efficiency constraints on blind quantum computation
Creators: name: Pérez-Delgado, Carlos A.
name: Fitzsimons, Joseph F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Blind quantum computation allows a user to delegate a computation to an untrusted server while keeping the computation hidden. A number of recent works have sought to establish bounds on the communication requirements necessary to implement blind computation, and a bound based on the no-programming theorem of Nielsen and Chuang has emerged as a natural limiting factor. Here we show that this constraints only hold in limited scenarios and show how to overcome it using a method based on iterated gate-teleportations. We present our results as a family of protocols, with varying degrees of computational-ability requirements on the client. Certain protocols in this family exponentially outperform previously known schemes in terms of total communication. The approach presented here can be adapted to other distributed computing protocols to reduce communication requirements.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures
CONSIP: Consistency Protocol for Hopping Function Exchange and Black listing in TSCH
Creators: name: Scanzio, Stefano
name: Bitondo, Federico
name: Cena, Gianluca
name: Valenzano, Adriano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The use of white and black listing techniques in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN), and in particular those which are based on the Time Slotted Channel Hopping (TSCH) operating mode of IEEE 802.15.4, permits to improve reliability and latency by performing transmissions on the best channels. Techniques that operate on a per-link basis are deemed quite effective, but proper operation requires that the two end points involved in the communication agree on the channels to be used for transmission. On the contrary, communication in the network can be prevented, eventually leading, in the worst cases, to the disconnection of part of the nodes. This paper presents CONSIP, a technique aimed to ensure strict consistency in the information exchanged between the nodes and used to drive communication, by preventing a prior the aforementioned problem from occurring. Results show a slight increase in energy consumption, due to the use of a backup cell, whereas communication latency does not worsen. The effectiveness of CONSIP was assessed by means of an experimental campaign, and the only drawback we found is that the backup cell, which is required to be reserved per link, may limit the number of nodes in dense networks.
description: preprint, 8 pages
Ultraviolet freeze-in baryogenesis
Creators: name: Goudelis, Andreas
name: Karamitros, Dimitrios
name: Papachristou, Pantelis
name: Spanos, Vassilis C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a mechanism through which the cosmic dark matter density can be explained simultaneously with the observed baryon asymmetry of the Universe. At the core of our proposal lie the out-of-equilibrium scattering processes of bath particles which are responsible for the production of feebly-interacting dark matter. The same processes violate $CP$, which further leads to an asymmetry between matter and antimatter being generated in the visible sector. We focus on the possibility that these interactions are described through non-renormalizable operators, which leads to both dark matter and the baryon asymmetry being produced at high temperatures. The mechanism is exemplified by studying two concrete scenarios, one involving scalar and one involving fermion dark matter. We find that in both cases it is, indeed, possible to achieve a common explanation for the dark matter content and the matter-antimatter asymmetry of the Universe, provided that dark matter is in the keV mass range.
description: 26 pages, 8 figures, v2: Matches the published version
Bott-Kitaev Periodic Table and the Diagonal Map
Creators: name: Kennedy, R.
name: Zirnbauer, M. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Building on the 10-way symmetry classification of disordered fermions, the authors have recently given a homotopy-theoretic proof of Kitaev's "Periodic Table" for topological insulators and superconductors. The present paper offers an introduction to the physical setting and the mathematical model used. Basic to the proof is the so-called Diagonal Map, a natural transformation akin to the Bott map of algebraic topology, which increases by one unit both the momentum-space dimension and the symmetry index of translation-invariant ground states of gapped free-fermion systems. This mapping is illustrated here with a few examples of interest.
description: Based on a talk delivered by the senior author at the Nobel Symposium on "New Forms of Matter: Topological Insulators and Superconductors" (Stockholm, June 13-15, 2014)
Predicting magnetic edge behaviour in graphene using neural networks
Creators: name: Kucukbas, Meriç E.
name: McCann, Seán
name: Power, Stephen R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic moments near zigzag edges in graphene allow complex nanostructures with customised spin properties to be realised. However, computational costs restrict theoretical investigations to small or perfectly periodic structures. Here we demonstrate that a machine-learning approach, using only geometric input, can accurately estimate magnetic moment profiles, allowing arbitrarily large and disordered systems to be quickly simulated. Excellent agreement is found with mean-field Hubbard calculations, and important electronic, magnetic and transport properties are reproduced using the estimated profiles. This approach allows the magnetic moments of experimental-scale systems to be quickly and accurately predicted, and will speed-up the identification of promising geometries for spintronic applications. While machine-learning approaches to many-body interactions have largely been limited to exact solutions of complex models at very small scales, this work establishes that they can be successfully applied at very large scales at mean-field levels of accuracy.
description: submitted
LeaFTL: A Learning-Based Flash Translation Layer for Solid-State Drives
Creators: name: Sun, Jinghan
name: Li, Shaobo
name: Sun, Yunxin
name: Sun, Chao
name: Vucinic, Dejan
name: Huang, Jian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Operating Systems (cs.OS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In modern solid-state drives (SSDs), the indexing of flash pages is a critical component in their storage controllers. It not only affects the data access performance, but also determines the efficiency of the precious in-device DRAM resource. A variety of address mapping schemes and optimization techniques have been proposed. However, most of them were developed with human-driven heuristics. They cannot automatically capture diverse data access patterns at runtime in SSD controllers, which leaves a large room for improvement. In this paper, we present a learning-based flash translation layer (FTL), named LeaFTL, which learns the address mapping to tolerate dynamic data access patterns via linear regression at runtime. By grouping a large set of mapping entries into a learned segment, it significantly reduces the memory footprint of the address mapping table, which further benefits the data caching in SSD controllers. LeaFTL also employs various optimization techniques, including out-of-band metadata verification to tolerate mispredictions, optimized flash allocation, and dynamic compaction of learned index segments. We implement LeaFTL with an SSD simulator and evaluate it with various storage workloads. LeaFTL saves the memory consumption of the mapping table by 2.9x on average and improves the storage performance by 1.4x on average, in comparison with state-of-the-art FTL schemes.
description: This paper is accepted at the 28th Conference on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems (ASPLOS 2023)
Two-Stage Subspace Constrained Precoding in Massive MIMO Cellular Systems
Creators: name: Liu, An
name: Lau, Vincent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose a subspace constrained precoding scheme that exploits the spatial channel correlation structure in massive MIMO cellular systems to fully unleash the tremendous gain provided by massive antenna array with reduced channel state information (CSI) signaling overhead. The MIMO precoder at each base station (BS) is partitioned into an inner precoder and a Transmit (Tx) subspace control matrix. The inner precoder is adaptive to the local CSI at each BS for spatial multiplexing gain. The Tx subspace control is adaptive to the channel statistics for inter-cell interference mitigation and Quality of Service (QoS) optimization. Specifically, the Tx subspace control is formulated as a QoS optimization problem which involves an SINR chance constraint where the probability of each user's SINR not satisfying a service requirement must not exceed a given outage probability. Such chance constraint cannot be handled by the existing methods due to the two stage precoding structure. To tackle this, we propose a bi-convex approximation approach, which consists of three key ingredients: random matrix theory, chance constrained optimization and semidefinite relaxation. Then we propose an efficient algorithm to find the optimal solution of the resulting bi-convex approximation problem. Simulations show that the proposed design has significant gain over various baselines.
description: 13 pages, accepted by IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications
Polycrystalline graphene and other two-dimensional materials
Creators: name: Yazyev, Oleg V.
name: Chen, Yong P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Graphene, a single atomic layer of graphitic carbon, has attracted intense attention due to its extraordinary properties that make it a suitable material for a wide range of technological applications. Large-area graphene films, which are necessary for industrial applications, are typically polycrystalline, that is, composed of single-crystalline grains of varying orientation joined by grain boundaries. Here, we present a review of the large body of research reported in the past few years on polycrystalline graphene. We discuss its growth and formation, the microscopic structure of grain boundaries and their relations to other types of topological defects such as dislocations. The review further covers electronic transport, optical and mechanical properties pertaining to the characterizations of grain boundaries, and applications of polycrystalline graphene. We also discuss research, still in its infancy, performed on other 2D materials such as transition metal dichalcogenides, and offer perspectives for future directions of research.
description: review article; part of focus issue "Graphene applications"
title: Sprachliche und kulturreflexive Herausforderungen für indische Pflegekräfte bei der Arbeit in amtlich deutschsprachigen Ländern
Creators: name: Kaiser, Sandra
Year: 2023

description: Die zentrale Frage dieser Masterarbeit widmet sich den sprachlichen und kulturreflexiven Herausforderungen für indische Pflegekräfte bei der Arbeit in amtlich deutschsprachigen Ländern sowie deren mögliche Reflexion seitens der Lehrkräfte. Für dieses Ziel werden Leitfadeninterviews mit einer Fachlehrkraft und vier indischen Pflegekräften durchgeführt, die in Österreich arbeiten. Eine weitere Interviewteilnehmerin ist die Expertin, mit der ein leitfadengestütztes Expert*innen stattfindet. Die Transkription und induktive und deduktive Kategorisierung nach der inhaltlich strukturierenden Inhaltsanalyse erfolgt mit der Software MAXQDA. Die sprachlichen und kulturreflexiven Herausforderungen können sich je nach den Erfahrungen und Meinungen der verschiedenen Interviewpartner*innen unterscheiden. Dadurch entsteht eine Liste diverser Faktoren von den sprachlichen Fertigkeiten über die sprachlichen Register bis hin zu den Emotionen und der Körpersprache sowie den Unterschieden zwischen dem österreichischen und indischen Gesundheitssystem. Mit einem Rückgriff auf die Fachliteratur können die gesammelten Herausforderungen reflektiert und Ideen für einen Fachsprachenunterricht in der Pflege gesammelt werden.
Differential misclassification of overdose safety in a prominent comparative effectiveness RCT comparing buprenorphine and naltrexone for opioid dependence 
Creators: name: Schwartz, Todd
name: Ajazi, Elizabeth
name: Marshall, Stephen
name: Dasgupta, Nabarun
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: Podium/Oral presentation at ISPE's 38th International Conference on Pharmacoepidemiology and Therapeutic Risk Management (ICPE 2022), scheduled for August 24-28 at the Bella Center, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Multi-field cold and warm inflation and the de Sitter swampland conjectures
Creators: name: Bertolami, Orfeu
name: Sá, Paulo M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss under which conditions multi-field cold and warm inflationary models with canonical kinetic energy terms are compatible with the swampland conjectures about the emergence of de Sitter solutions in string theory. We find that under quite general conditions the slow-roll conditions for multi-field cold inflation are at odds with the swampland conjectures for an arbitrary number of scalar fields driving inflation. However, slow-roll conditions can be reconciled with the swampland conjectures in the strong dissipative regime of warm inflation.
description: 15 pages, extended discussion and references included
The other optimal Stokes drag profile
Creators: name: Montenegro-Johnson, Thomas D.
name: Lauga, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 76Mxx

description: The lowest drag shape of fixed volume in Stokes flow has been known for some 40 years. It is front-back symmetric and similar to an American football with ends tangent to a cone of 60 degrees. The analogous convex axisymmetric shape of fixed surface area, which may be of interest for particle design in chemistry and colloidal science, is characterized in this paper. This "other" optimal shape has a surface vorticity proportional to the mean surface curvature, which is used with a local analysis of the flow near the tip to show that the front and rear ends are tangent to a cone of angle 30.8 degrees. Using the boundary element method, we numerically represent the shape by expanding its tangent angle in terms decaying odd Legendre modes, and show that it has 11.3% lower drag than a sphere of equal surface area, significantly more pronounced than for the fixed-volume optimal.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures
Meal patterning and the onset of spontaneous labor
Creators: name: Siega-Riz, A.M.
name: Nulty, A.K.
name: Bovbjerg, M.L.
name: Herring, A.H.
name: Evenson, K.R.
name: Thorp, J.M., Jr.
Publisher: name: John Wiley and Sons Inc
Year: 2021

description: Background: There is a lack of consensus in the literature about the association between meal patterning during pregnancy and birth outcomes. This study examined whether maternal meal patterning in the week before birth was associated with an increased likelihood of imminent spontaneous labor. Methods: Data came from 607 participants in the third phase of the Pregnancy, Infection, and Nutrition Study (PIN3). Data were collected through an interviewer-administered questionnaire after birth, before hospital discharge. Questions included the typical number of meals and snacks consumed daily, during both the week before labor onset and the 24-hour period before labor onset. A self-matched, case-crossover study design examined the association between skipping one or more meals and the likelihood of spontaneous labor onset within the subsequent 24 hours. Results: Among women who experienced spontaneous labor, 87.0% reported routinely eating three daily meals (breakfast, lunch, and dinner) during the week before their labor began, but only 71.2% reported eating three meals during the 24-hour period before their labor began. Compared with the week before their labor, the odds of imminent spontaneous labor were 5.43 times as high (95% CI: 3.41-8.65) within 24 hours of skipping 1 or more meals. The association between skipping 1 or more meals and the onset of spontaneous labor remained elevated for both pregnant individuals who birthed early (37-<39 weeks) and full-term (≥39 weeks). Conclusions: Skipping meals later in pregnancy was associated with an increased likelihood of imminent spontaneous labor, though we are unable to rule out reverse causality.
The Paradox of Insider Information and Performance Pay
Creators: name: George-Levi  Gayle
name: Miller, Robert
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 150399 Business and Management not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Empirically, managers benefi…t from their …firm's good fortune through their compensation package, and by trading their firm's securities. This practice could easily be
eliminated by the board of directors. Theoretically, managers should not pro…t from
changes in the …firm's value if there is only private information in the model. Moral
hazard explains the paradox of insider information and performance pay. Shareholders permit managers to exploit hidden information in order to incentivize their work
activities. The estimated benefi…ts from designing contracts that depend on abnormal
returns far outweigh projected savings in lower compensation from paying managers
…fixed wages.
Additional file 1 of Non-canonical two-step biosynthesis of anti-oomycete indole alkaloids in Kickxellales
Creators: name: Rassbach, Johannes
name: Hilsberg, Nathalie
name: Haensch, Veit G.
name: Dörner, Sebastian
name: Gressler, Julia
name: Sonnabend, Robin
name: Semm, Caroline
name: Voigt, Kerstin
name: Hertweck, Christian
name: Gressler, Markus
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Organic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Microbial strains.
Daily Lives of Samburu Pastoralist Children in Northern Kenya: Working, Herding and Food Consumption
Creators: name: Jackson Plemmons
name: Charles Hilton
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: While the daily activities, including school, household economic activities, and food consumption patterns of East African pastoralist kids are generally known, few quantitative studies examining the impact of these activities have been conducted. The current study sought to provide greater documentation of time allocation and food consumption patterns seen in Samburu pastoralist kids (ages 6-14 years) of northern Kenya in order to assess their daily levels of energetic intake and energetic expenditure [via heart rate & movement patterns].
Charmed baryonic resonances in medium
Creators: name: Tolos, Laura
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the behavior of dynamically-generated charmed baryonic resonances in matter within a unitarized coupled-channel model consistent with heavy-quark spin symmetry. We analyze the implications for the formation of $D$-meson bound states in nuclei and the propagation of $D$ mesons in heavy-ion collisions from RHIC to FAIR energies.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures, invited talk at Resonance Workshop at Catania (RS@CT), 3-7 November 2014, Catania (Italy)
Fast-Track data delivery on ice dynamic fluxes (Milestone MS5)
Creators: name: Millan, Romain
name: Barré, Jean Baptiste
name: Durand, Gael
name: Jourdain, Nicolas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Milestone 5: The data resulting from this work have been distributed to WP2 for the evaluation of the format for ocean modellers. The data have been shared with the partners in the consortium through an FTP server made available by partner ETT. Looking ahead, the dataset will undergo testing by ocean modellers, to be performed by WP2 staff. Depending on the direct feedbacks of ocean modellers, this product will be further improved with the adjustment of the dataset's format, temporal resolution, and grid spacing to meet specific requirements (e.g., model domain, geometry, projections). This adaptability is essential to cater to the diverse needs of different modelling approaches. In that sense, a routine for dataset regridding will be developed in collaboration with ocean modellers. This routine will automate the process of regridding the dataset based on user-defined model setups, streamlining the workflow, and facilitating its integration into various modelling frameworks. Finally, the collection and calculation of new basal melting maps from additional satellite sensors coming from photogrammetry (Worldview, ASTER), and other satellite altimeters (e.g., Cryosat-2) will be explored for improving the spatial resolution (<500 m), in the case of local modelling applications in targeted regions of Antarctica (e.g. Amundsen sea). Ultimately, this work will feed into the deliverable D3.1 Contributions of ice sheet processes to freshwater fluxes due in April 2024, the D3.1 deliverable is public and thus all the data will be made available in open access, in full compliance with the OCEAN:ICE data management plan.
The Physician's Assistant
Creators: name: Lave, Judith R.
name: Lave, Lester B.
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 150399 Business and Management not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: THE SHORTAGE, maldistribution, and inefficient use of physicians, particularly primary physicians, recently has received much attention, Suggested solutions focus either on increasing the number of physicians or on improving the efficiency with which primary medical care services are produced. The number of physicians can be increased by enlarging the class size in medical schools, by establishing more medical schools, or by shortening the training period. These solutions involve an expansion of the current system without basic changes. Solutions that require basic changes in the delivery of medical care include increasing the physician's efficiency through ,,·the use of assistants, analyzing and . reorganizing the physician's tasks, and changing his role as the primary person who interacts with' the patient.
Wealth Redistribution and Mutual Aid: Comparison using Equivalent/Nonequivalent Exchange Models of Econophysics
Creators: name: Kato, Takeshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Theoretical Economics (econ.TH)
subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 91B43, 91B70, 62P20

description: Given the wealth inequality worldwide, there is an urgent need to identify the mode of wealth exchange through which it arises. To address the research gap regarding models that combine equivalent exchange and redistribution, this study compares an equivalent market exchange with redistribution based on power centers and a nonequivalent exchange with mutual aid using the Polanyi, Graeber, and Karatani modes of exchange. Two new exchange models based on multi-agent interactions are reconstructed following an econophysics approach for evaluating the Gini index (inequality) and total exchange (economic flow). Exchange simulations indicate that the evaluation parameter of the total exchange divided by the Gini index can be expressed by the same saturated curvilinear approximate equation using the wealth transfer rate and time period of redistribution and the surplus contribution rate of the wealthy and the saving rate. However, considering the coercion of taxes and its associated costs and independence based on the morality of mutual aid, a nonequivalent exchange without return obligation is preferred. This is oriented toward Graeber's baseline communism and Karatani's mode of exchange D, with implications for alternatives to the capitalist economy.
description: 17 pages, 1 table, 7 figures
Additional file 2 of Non-canonical two-step biosynthesis of anti-oomycete indole alkaloids in Kickxellales
Creators: name: Rassbach, Johannes
name: Hilsberg, Nathalie
name: Haensch, Veit G.
name: Dörner, Sebastian
name: Gressler, Julia
name: Sonnabend, Robin
name: Semm, Caroline
name: Voigt, Kerstin
name: Hertweck, Christian
name: Gressler, Markus
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Organic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Additional file 2: Figure S1. Atom numbering and selected COSY (bold lines) and HMBC (red arrows) in 4.
The Risks of Licensing Persons with Diabetes to Drive Trucks
Creators: name: Songer, Thomas J.
name: Lave, Lester B
name: LaPorte, Ronald E.
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 150399 Business and Management not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: The 1990 Americans with Disabilities Act forbids employers to bar disabled persons from jobs unless employers can show the disabled person cannot perform the tasks. The Federal Highway Administration will not license persons with diabetes mellitus to drive commercial motor vehicles in interstate commerce. These individuals may experience severe hypoglycemia, greatly increasing their risk of losing control of the truck. This prohibition is currently being reexamined. We describe the disease process leading to severe hypoglycemia and its physical manifestations. To quantify the risks of licensing persons with diabetes to use insulin, we first estimate the number of potential insulin-using drivers. We estimate that 1420 insulin-using persons would seek licenses in the United States if they were permitted to do so (920 noninuslin dependent and 500 insulin dependent). Next, we estimate the annual incidence of mild and severe hypoglycemia in these populations. The third step is to estimate the number of hypoglycemic episodes while driving. Estimating the likelihood of a crash due to a mild or severe hypoglycemic episode is the fourth step. We estimate that an additional 42 crashes each year would occur if insulin using persons were licensed to drive commercial motor vehicles in interstate commerce (20 from insulin dependent and 22 from non-insulin dependent drivers).
Light Yield of New Quantum Dot-Doped Liquid Scintillators
Creators: name: Vickers, Sarah
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: Collaborations all around the world are working to prove the Majorana nature of the neutrino by detecting a process called neutrinoless double beta decay. This decay process is only possible for a handful of atomic isotopes, all with extremely long double beta decay half-lives of up to 10^26 years. Consequently, these experiments need huge amounts of decay material to have a chance at seeing a neutrinoless double beta decay event. One way to increase isotope quantity would be to replace the traditional liquid scintillators currently being used with quantum dot-doped liquid scintillators loaded with one of the decay isotopes. This project is a light yield test of new quantum dot-doped scintillators to determine whether they generate light well enough to replace traditional scintillator in upcoming kiloton-scale experiments.