cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Ð Ð°Ð·ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐºÐ° ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð°Ð²ÑÐ¾Ð¼Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð·Ð¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ ÑÐµÑÑÐ¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ ÐÐ, Ð¾Ð±ÐµÑÐ¿ÐµÑÐ¸Ð²Ð°ÑÑÐµÐ³Ð¾ Ð²Ð·Ð°Ð¸Ð¼Ð¾Ð´ÐµÐ¹ÑÑÐ²Ð¸Ðµ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´ÐºÐ»ÑÑÑÐ½Ð½ÑÑ Ð°Ð²ÑÐ¾Ð¼Ð¾Ð±Ð¸Ð»ÐµÐ¹, ÑÐµÐ°Ð»Ð¸Ð·ÑÑÑÐµÐ¹ ÑÐ¸Ð¼ÑÐ»ÑÑÐ¸Ñ ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð°ÑÐ¸ÐµÐ² Ð¿Ð¾Ð²ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð±ÐµÐ·Ð¾Ð¿Ð°ÑÐ½Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸ Ð¸ ÑÑÑÐµÐºÑÐ¸Ð²Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸ Ð´Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð¶Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð´Ð²Ð¸Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ
title: Ð²ÑÐ¿ÑÑÐºÐ½Ð°Ñ ÐºÐ²Ð°Ð»Ð¸ÑÐ¸ÐºÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ° Ð±Ð°ÐºÐ°Ð»Ð°Ð²ÑÐ°
titleType: Subtitle
title: Development of a system for automated testing of software that ensures the interaction of connected vehicles, implementing simulation scenarios to improve road safety and efficiency
Creators: name: Ð¡Ð°Ð²Ð¸Ð½ÐºÐ¾Ð², ÐÐ¸ÑÐ¸Ð»Ð»
Publisher: name: Ð¡Ð°Ð½ÐºÑ-ÐÐµÑÐµÑÐ±ÑÑÐ³ÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ ÑÐ½Ð¸Ð²ÐµÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑ ÐÐµÑÑÐ° ÐÐµÐ»Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾
Year: 2019
Subjects: Ð°Ð²ÑÐ¾Ð¼Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð·Ð¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð½Ð¾Ðµ ÑÐµÑÑÐ¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ
Ð°Ð²ÑÐ¾Ð¼Ð¾Ð±Ð¸Ð»Ð¸
Ð±ÐµÐ·Ð¾Ð¿Ð°ÑÐ½Ð¾ÑÑÑ Ð´Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð¶Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð´Ð²Ð¸Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ
automated testing
cars
road safety

description: ÐÐ±ÑÐµÐºÑÐ¾Ð¼ ÑÐ°Ð·ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐºÐ¸ ÑÐ²Ð»ÑÐµÑÑÑ ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐµÐ¼Ð° Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð°Ð²ÑÐ¾Ð¼Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð·Ð¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ ÑÐµÑÑÐ¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ ÐÐ, Ð¾Ð±ÐµÑÐ¿ÐµÑÐ¸Ð²Ð°ÑÑÐµÐ³Ð¾ Ð²Ð·Ð°Ð¸Ð¼Ð¾Ð´ÐµÐ¹ÑÑÐ²Ð¸Ðµ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´ÐºÐ»ÑÑÑÐ½Ð½ÑÑ Ð°Ð²ÑÐ¾Ð¼Ð¾Ð±Ð¸Ð»ÐµÐ¹. ÐÐ°Ð½Ð½ÑÐ¹ Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÐµÐºÑ ÑÐ¸Ð¼ÑÐ»Ð¸ÑÑÐµÑ ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð¸ Ð¿Ð¾Ð²ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð±ÐµÐ·Ð¾Ð¿Ð°ÑÐ½Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸ Ð¸ ÑÑÑÐµÐºÑÐ¸Ð²Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸ Ð´Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð¶Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð´Ð²Ð¸Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¸ Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð²ÐµÑÑÐµÑ ÑÐµÑÑÐ¸ÑÑÐµÐ¼ÑÐ¹ Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð³ÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ð½ÑÐ¹ Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð´ÑÐºÑ Ð½Ð° ÐºÐ¾ÑÑÐµÐºÑÐ½Ð¾ÑÑÑ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÑ. Ð ÐµÐ·ÑÐ»ÑÑÐ°ÑÐ¾Ð¼ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÑ ÑÐ²Ð»ÑÐµÑÑÑ ÑÐ°Ð·ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐºÐ° Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð³ÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ñ Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð³ÐµÐ½ÐµÑÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¸ Ð¼Ð°ÑÑÑÑÑÐ° Ð¿Ð¾Ð´ÐºÐ»ÑÑÑÐ½Ð½ÑÑ Ð°Ð²ÑÐ¾Ð¼Ð¾Ð±Ð¸Ð»ÐµÐ¹, Ð´Ð¾Ð±Ð°Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð·Ð°Ð¿Ð¸ÑÐµÐ¹ Ð¾ Ð´Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð¶Ð½ÑÑ ÑÐ¾Ð±ÑÑÐ¸ÑÑ Ð² Ð±Ð°Ð·Ñ Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð½ÑÑ ÑÐµÑÑÐ¸ÑÑÐµÐ¼Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¿ÑÐ¸Ð»Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ, Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð²ÐµÐ´ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð°Ð²ÑÐ¾Ð¼Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð·Ð¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ ÑÐµÑÑÐ¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð¸ ÑÐ¾Ð·Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð¾ÑÑÐµÑÐ¾Ð².
description: The object of the development is a system for automated testing of software that provides interaction of connected vehicles. This project stimulates the scenarios of improving the safety and efficiency of traffic and checks the tested software product for correctness of work. The result of the work is the development of a program to generate the route of connected cars, add records of road events from the database of the tested application, conduct automated testing and create reports.
Deception Technology and Honeypots – A threat analysis using AI and ML techniques
Creators: name: Orizio, Andrea Arian
Publisher: name: Scuola Universitaria della Svizzera Italiana (SUPSI)
Year: 2020

description: Questo progetto di diploma approfondisce la deception technology e l’utilizzo degli honeypots come tecniche per migliorare la sicurezza di sistemi. Durante lo sviluppo di questo progetto sono state studiate e approfondite le diverse tipologie di honeypots attraverso l’utilizzo di tecnologie esistenti, rendendole operative e studiandone il funzionamento. Nella pratica è stato reso operativo Portlurker, un honeypot a bassa interazione e T-pot che invece consiste in un sistema che avvia ed espone più honeypots per diversi servizi contemporaneamente. Dal punto di vista dello sviluppo è stato implementato un honeypot in grado di detattare e loggare tutti i tentativi di accesso sulle porte specificate nel file di configurazione. Il quale è stato sviluppato con la concezione di avere dei profili personalizzabili in funzione delle diverse esigenze. This project aims at studying and implementing deception technologies and the use of honeypots as techniques to improve the systems security. During this project different types of developed honeypots have been studied and deepened through the use of existing technologies, making them operational and studying how do they work. In practice various honeypot technologies were made operational, such as: Portlurker, a low interaction honeypot and T-pot that differently from Portlurker consists of a combination of honeypots that exposes multiple honeypots systems for different services simultaneously. As a result an honeypot able to detect and log all the access attempts on customizable ports and profiles has been developed. The developed honeypot runs on macOs and linux customizable ad-hoc through configuration file and implements the concept of profiles that can be customized according to different needs.
Dimension result and KPZ formula for two-dimensional multiplicative cascade processes
Creators: name: Jin, Xiong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We prove a Hausdorff dimension result for the image of two-dimensional multiplicative cascade processes, and we obtain from this result a KPZ-type formula which normally has one point of phase transition.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/10-AOP613 the Annals of Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aop/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Small covers and the equivariant bordism classification of 2-torus manifolds
Creators: name: Lü, Zhi
name: Tan, Qiangbo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Associated with the Davis-Januszkiewicz theory of small covers, this paper deals with the theory of 2-torus manifolds from the viewpoint of equivariant bordism. We define a differential operator on the "dual" algebra of the unoriented $G_n$-representation algebra introduced by Conner and Floyd, where $G_n=(\Z_2)^n$. With the help of $G_n$-colored graphs (or mod 2 GKM graphs), we may use this differential operator to give a very simple description of tom Dieck-Kosniowski-Stong localization theorem in the setting of 2-torus manifolds. We then apply this to study the $G_n$-equivariant unoriented bordism classification of $n$-dimensional 2-torus manifolds. We show that the $G_n$-equivariant unoriented bordism class of each $n$-dimensional 2-torus manifold contains an $n$-dimensional small cover as its representative, solving the conjecture posed in [19]. In addition, we also obtain that the graded noncommutative ring formed by the equivariant unoriented bordism classes of 2-torus manifolds of all possible dimensions is generated by the classes of all generalized real Bott manifolds (as special small covers over the products of simplices). This gives a strong connection between the computation of $G_n$-equivariant bordism groups or ring and the Davis-Januszkiewicz theory of small covers. As a computational application, with the help of computer, we completely determine the structure of the group formed by equivariant bordism classes of all 4-dimensional 2-torus manifolds. Finally, we give some essential relationships among 2-torus manifolds, coloring polynomials, colored simple convex polytopes, colored graphs.
description: 32 pages, updated version with the title of paper changed and a large expansion
Elimination of QCD Renormalization Scale and Scheme Ambiguities
Creators: name: Wang, Sheng-Quan
name: Brodsky, Stanley J.
name: Wu, Xing-Gang
name: Shen, Jian-Ming
name: Di Giustino, Leonardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The setting of the renormalization scale ($μ_r$) in the perturbative QCD (pQCD) is one of the crucial problems for achieving precise fixed-order pQCD predictions. The conventional prescription is to take its value as the typical momentum transfer $Q$ in a given process, and theoretical uncertainties are then evaluated by varying it over an arbitrary range. The conventional scale-setting procedure introduces arbitrary scheme-and-scale ambiguities in fixed-order pQCD predictions. The principle of maximum conformality (PMC) provides a systematic way to eliminate the renormalization scheme-and-scale ambiguities. The PMC method has rigorous theoretical foundations; it satisfies the renormalization group invariance (RGI) and all of the self-consistency conditions derived from the renormalization group. The PMC has now been successfully applied to many physical processes. In this paper, we summarize recent PMC applications, including event shape observables and heavy quark pair production near the threshold region in $e^+e^-$ annihilation and top-quark decay at hadronic colliders. In addition, estimating the contributions related to the uncalculated higher-order terms is also summarized. These results show that the major theoretical uncertainties caused by different choices of $μ_r$ are eliminated, and the improved pQCD predictions are thus obtained, demonstrating the generality and applicability of the PMC.
description: 14 pages, 9 figures, an invited review for the special issue "The Quantum Chromodynamics: 50th Anniversary of the Discovery" for Universe, published version
title: Ð­Ð»ÐµÐºÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ°Ñ ÑÐ°ÑÑÑ ÐÐ­Ð¡ Ð¼Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¾ÑÑÑÑ 6*300 ÐÐÐ¢
title: Ð²ÑÐ¿ÑÑÐºÐ½Ð°Ñ ÐºÐ²Ð°Ð»Ð¸ÑÐ¸ÐºÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ° Ð±Ð°ÐºÐ°Ð»Ð°Ð²ÑÐ°
titleType: Subtitle
title: Electrical annex of a 6x300 MW power plant
Creators: name: ÐÐ³Ð½Ð¾Ð², Ð¯ÑÐ¾ÑÐ»Ð°Ð²
Publisher: name: Ð¡Ð°Ð½ÐºÑ-ÐÐµÑÐµÑÐ±ÑÑÐ³ÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ ÑÐ½Ð¸Ð²ÐµÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑ ÐÐµÑÑÐ° ÐÐµÐ»Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾
Year: 2019
Subjects: ÐÐ­Ð¡
Ð²ÑÐ±Ð¾Ñ Ð¾Ð±Ð¾ÑÑÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ
ÑÐ°ÑÑÐµÑ ÑÐ¾ÐºÐ¾Ð² ÐºÐ¾ÑÐ¾ÑÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð·Ð°Ð¼ÑÐºÐ°Ð½Ð¸Ñ
Ð³Ð»Ð°Ð²Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑÑ ÐµÐ¼Ð° ÑÐ»ÐµÐºÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ðµ ÑÐ¾ÐµÐ´Ð¸Ð½ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ð¹
ÑÐ¾Ð±ÑÑÐ²ÐµÐ½Ð½ÑÐµ Ð½ÑÐ¶Ð´Ñ
power plant
power equipment
short-circuit fault and required parameters calcula-tions
schematic circuit plan
auxiliaries

description: Ð Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐµ Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð¸Ð·Ð²Ð¾Ð´Ð¸ÑÑÑ ÑÐ°ÑÑÐµÑ ÑÐ»ÐµÐºÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ð¹ ÑÐ°ÑÑÐ¸ ÐÐ­Ð¡. ÐÐ¾Ð´Ð±Ð¸ÑÐ°ÑÑÑÑ Ð³ÐµÐ½ÐµÑÐ°ÑÐ¾ÑÑ Ð¸ ÑÑÐ°Ð½ÑÑÐ¾ÑÐ¼Ð°ÑÐ¾ÑÑ ÑÐ¾Ð³Ð»Ð°ÑÐ½Ð¾ Ð·Ð°Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð½ÑÐ¼ ÑÑÐ»Ð¾Ð²Ð¸ÑÐ¼. Ð¡Ð¾ÑÑÐ°Ð²Ð»ÑÑÑÑÑ Ð´Ð²Ð° Ð²Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð°Ð½ÑÐ° ÑÑÑÑÐºÑÑÑÐ½ÑÑ ÑÑÐµÐ¼ Ð¸ Ð²ÑÐ±Ð¸ÑÐ°ÐµÑÑÑ Ð½Ð°Ð¸Ð±Ð¾Ð»ÐµÐµ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´ÑÐ¾Ð´ÑÑÐ¸Ð¹ Ð½Ð° Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð²Ðµ ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¸ÐºÐ¾-ÑÐºÐ¾Ð½Ð¾Ð¼Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð°Ð½Ð°Ð»Ð¸Ð·Ð°. Ð Ð°ÑÑÑÐ¸ÑÑÐ²Ð°ÑÑÑÑ ÑÐ¾ÐºÐ¸ ÐºÐ¾ÑÐ¾ÑÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð·Ð°Ð¼ÑÐºÐ°Ð½Ð¸Ñ, Ð¿Ð¾ ÐºÐ¾ÑÐ¾ÑÑÐ¼ Ð² Ð´Ð°Ð»ÑÐ½ÐµÐ¹ÑÐµÐ¼ Ð²ÑÐ±Ð¸ÑÐ°ÑÑÑÑ ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¼ÑÑÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½ÑÐµ Ð°Ð¿Ð¿Ð°ÑÐ°ÑÑ.
ÐÐ° Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð²Ðµ Ð²ÑÑÐµÐ¿ÐµÑÐµÑÐ¸ÑÐ»ÐµÐ½Ð½ÑÑ Ð´ÐµÐ¹ÑÑÐ²Ð¸Ð¹ ÑÐ¾ÑÑÐ°Ð²Ð»ÑÐµÑÑÑ Ð³Ð»Ð°Ð²Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑÑÐµÐ¼Ð° ÑÐ»ÐµÐºÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ñ ÑÐ¾ÐµÐ´Ð¸Ð½ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ð¹, Ð° ÑÐ°ÐºÐ¶Ðµ ÑÐ°Ð·ÑÐµÐ· Ð¾Ð´Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¸Ð· ÑÐ°ÑÐ¿ÑÐµÐ´ÐµÐ»Ð¸ÑÐµÐ»ÑÐ½ÑÑ ÑÑÑÑÐ¾Ð¹ÑÑÐ².
description: According to the calculations, which are totally connected with condensation power plant, the following steps should be performed:
- electrical generator and transformer units choosing;
- power plants structures comparison and the most economy efficient considering;
- short-circuit calculations;
- power plant units arrangement designing including switchgear equipment location.
[18F]-AV-1451 binding in the substantia nigra as a marker of neuromelanin in Lewy body diseases.
Creators: name: Mak, Elijah
name: Kouli, Antonina
name: Holland, Negin
name: Nicastro, Nicolas
name: Savulich, George
name: Surendranathan, Ajenthan
name: Malpetti, Maura
name: Manavaki, Roido
name: Hong, Young T
name: Fryer, Tim D
name: Aigbirhio, Franklin
name: Rowe, James B
name: O'Brien, John T
name: Williams-Gray, Caroline H
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Tau
Dementia
Parkinson's Disease
Lewy bodies
Neuromelanin

description: Funder: Cambridge Centre for Parkinson-Plus
description: Funder: National Health Service, the National Institute for Health Research or the Department of Health
description: Funder: Research Councils United Kingdom/United Kingdom Research and Innovation Fellowship
description: While [18F]-AV-1451 was developed as a PET radiotracer with high affinity for hyperphosphorylated tau, it has been proposed that loss of 'off-target' [18F]-AV-1451 binding to neuromelanin in the substantia nigra could be a surrogate marker of Lewy body diseases. [18F]-AV-1451 binding was measured in the substantia nigra of patients with Parkinson's disease (n = 35), dementia with Lewy bodies (n = 10) and separate control groups (n = 37; n = 14). Associations with motor symptoms, cognition and disease duration were evaluated using linear regression models. The dementia with Lewy bodies group had significantly reduced substantia nigra [18F]-AV-1451 binding compared to controls after adjusting for age (P < 0.05). However, there were no significant differences in substantia nigra [18F]-AV-1451 binding between Parkinson's disease and controls. Substantia nigra [18F]-AV-1451 binding was not associated with age, disease duration, Movement Disorders Society-Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale and cognitive scores in dementia with Lewy bodies and Parkinson's disease groups. Despite the reduction of substantia nigra [18F]-AV-1451 binding in dementia with Lewy bodies, these findings suggest that substantia nigra [18F]-AV-1451 binding has no value as a diagnostic marker in early Parkinson's disease. Further investigations in longitudinal cohorts are warranted.
Resonances in a dilute gas of magnons and metamagnetism of isotropic frustrated ferromagnetic spin chains
Creators: name: Arlego, M.
name: Heidrich-Meisner, F.
name: Honecker, A.
name: Rossini, G.
name: Vekua, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that spin-S chains with SU(2)-symmetric, ferromagnetic nearest-neighbor and frustrating antiferromagnetic next-nearest-neighbor exchange interactions exhibit metamagnetic behavior under the influence of an external magnetic field for small S, in the form of a first-order transition to the fully polarized state. The corresponding magnetization jump increases gradually starting from an S-dependent critical value of exchange couplings and takes a maximum in the vicinity of a ferromagnetic Lifshitz point. The metamagnetism results from resonances in the dilute magnon gas caused by an interplay between quantum fluctuations and frustration.
description: 12 pages RevTex4, 9 eps figures: Extended version, to appear in Phys. Rev. B
Semiparametric regression in testicular germ cell data
Creators: name: Voulgaraki, Anastasia
name: Kedem, Benjamin
name: Graubard, Barry I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: It is possible to approach regression analysis with random covariates from a semiparametric perspective where information is combined from multiple multivariate sources. The approach assumes a semiparametric density ratio model where multivariate distributions are "regressed" on a reference distribution. A kernel density estimator can be constructed from many data sources in conjunction with the semiparametric model. The estimator is shown to be more efficient than the traditional single-sample kernel density estimator, and its optimal bandwidth is discussed in some detail. Each multivariate distribution and the corresponding conditional expectation (regression) of interest are estimated from the combined data using all sources. Graphical and quantitative diagnostic tools are suggested to assess model validity. The method is applied in quantifying the effect of height and age on weight of germ cell testicular cancer patients. Comparisons are made with multiple regression, generalized additive models (GAM) and nonparametric kernel regression.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/12-AOAS552 the Annals of Applied Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aoas/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
The Dark Side of Using Dark Sirens to Constrain the Hubble-Lemaître Constant
Creators: name: Zhu, Liang-Gui
name: Chen, Xian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dark sirens, i.e., gravitational-wave (GW) sources without electromagnetic counterparts, are new probes of the expansion of the universe. The efficacy of this method relies on correctly localizing the host galaxies. However, recent theoretical studies have shown that astrophysical environments could mislead the spatial localization by distorting the GW signals. It is unclear whether and to what degree the incorrect spatial localizations of dark sirens would impair the accuracy of the measurement of the cosmological parameters. To address this issue, we consider the future observations of dark sirens using the Cosmic Explorer and the Einstein Telescope, and we design a Bayesian framework to access the precision of measuring the Hubble-Lemaître constant $H_0$. Interestingly, we find that the precision is not compromised when the number of well-localized dark sirens is significantly below $300$, even in the extreme scenario that all the dark sirens are localized incorrectly. As the number exceeds $300$, the incorrect spatial localizations start to produce statistically noticeable effects, such as a slow convergence of the posterior distribution of $H_0$. We propose several tests that can be used in future observations to verify the spatial localizations of dark sirens. Simulations of these tests suggest that incorrect spatial localizations will dominate a systematic error of $H_0$ if as much as $10\%$ of a sample of $300$ well-localized dark sirens are affected by their environments. Our results have important implications for the long-term goal of measuring $H_0$ to a precision of $<1\%$ using dark sirens.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures. published in ApJ
title: Commercialization of scientific misconduct: the challenge of paper mills
Creators: name: Abalkina, Anna
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: fraud
subject: plagiarism
subject: scientific misconduct
subject: community
classificationCode: 001
subject: Wissen

description: According to an estimate, there are at least 400,000 papers in the scientific literature originating from paper mills, which are for-profit companies that guarantee the publication of low-quality papers. There is evidence that such papers are accompanied by various forms of scientific misconduct, including plagiarism, image duplication, falsification, and fabrication of data. These papers are cited and included in systematic reviews and meta-analyses, which have negative consequences for science and related disciplines. The scientific community has fragmented knowledge on paper mills, and many paper mills go undetected. Current resources of stakeholders are not sufficient to detect and prevent journals from publishing fraudulent papers. The goal of this presentation is to raise awareness of the paper mills problem and to discuss general ‘red flags’ of such papers, as well as possible measures to prevent editors and journals from publishing them. These measures may include open peer review, editor training, research on paper mills, improvement of detection methods, and united actions by stakeholders.
Optimal receptor-cluster size determined by intrinsic and extrinsic noise
Creators: name: Aquino, Gerardo
name: Clausznitzer, Diana
name: Tollis, Sylvain
name: Endres, Robert G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Subcellular Processes (q-bio.SC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Biological cells sense external chemical stimuli in their environment using cell-surface receptors. To increase the sensitivity of sensing, receptors often cluster, most noticeably in bacterial chemotaxis, a paradigm for signaling and sensing in general. While amplification of weak stimuli is useful in absence of noise, its usefulness is less clear in presence of extrinsic input noise and intrinsic signaling noise. Here, exemplified on bacterial chemotaxis, we combine the allosteric Monod-Wyman- Changeux model for signal amplification by receptor complexes with calculations of noise to study their interconnectedness. Importantly, we calculate the signal-to-noise ratio, describing the balance of beneficial and detrimental effects of clustering for the cell. Interestingly, we find that there is no advantage for the cell to build receptor complexes for noisy input stimuli in absence of intrinsic signaling noise. However, with intrinsic noise, an optimal complex size arises in line with estimates of the sizes of chemoreceptor complexes in bacteria and protein aggregates in lipid rafts of eukaryotic cells.
description: 15 pages, 12 figures,accepted for publication on Physical Review E
(Non-)unitarity of strictly and partially massless fermions on de Sitter space
Creators: name: Letsios, Vasileios A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the dictionary between the one-particle Hilbert spaces of totally symmetric tensor-spinor fields of spin $s={3}/{2}, {5}/{2}$ with any mass parameter on $D$-dimensional ($D \geq 3$) de Sitter space ($dS_{D}$) and Unitary Irreducible Representations (UIR's) of the de Sitter algebra spin$(D,1)$. Our approach is based on expressing the eigenmodes on global $dS_{D}$ in terms of eigenmodes of the Dirac operator on the ${(D-1)}$-sphere, which provides a natural way to identify the corresponding representations with known UIR's under the decomposition spin$(D,1)$ $\supset$ spin$(D)$. Remarkably, we find that four-dimensional de Sitter space plays a distinguished role in the case of the gauge-invariant theories. In particular, the strictly massless spin-3/2 field, as well as the strictly and partially massless spin-5/2 fields on $dS_{D}$, are not unitary unless $D=4$.
description: 33 pages (including references), no figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2206.09851; matches published version
Holographic Non-Gaussianity
Creators: name: McFadden, Paul
name: Skenderis, Kostas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the non-Gaussianity of primordial cosmological perturbations within our recently proposed holographic description of inflationary universes. We derive a holographic formula that determines the bispectrum of cosmological curvature perturbations in terms of correlation functions of a holographically dual three-dimensional non-gravitational quantum field theory (QFT). This allows us to compute the primordial bispectrum for a universe which started in a non-geometric holographic phase, using perturbative QFT calculations. Strikingly, for a class of models specified by a three-dimensional super-renormalisable QFT, the primordial bispectrum is of exactly the factorisable equilateral form with f_nl^eq=5/36, irrespective of the details of the dual QFT. A by-product of this investigation is a holographic formula for the three-point function of the trace of the stress-energy tensor along general holographic RG flows, which should have applications outside the remit of this work.
description: 42 pages, 2 figs, published version
Progettiamo, giocando, il nostro benessere
Creators: name: Ferdani, Giulia
Publisher: name: Scuola Universitaria della Svizzera Italiana (SUPSI)
Year: 2016

description: Lo scopo della ricerca è capire se la messa in atto di un progetto di classe che vede come luogo di realizzazione la palestra, dove le tensioni e i malesseri che normalmente portano la classe a dividersi sono quasi completamente assenti, possa favorire la costruzione di relazioni più solidali. A tale proposito, è stata svolta una ricerca che fa riferimento a due diverse tipologie, la ricerca-azione e la ricerca intervento. I dati raccolti sono di tipo qualitativo e sono stati ottenuti attraverso l’osservazione degli allievi da parte della docente-ricercatrice e la lettura dei diari che gli allievi hanno tenuto durante il percorso. Il progetto di classe, sviluppato in una quinta elementare, consiste nella costruzione di un gioco con i grandi attrezzi che riproduce le difficoltà che si possono incontrare sul percorso casa-scuola. Per la realizzazione i bambini si sono ispirati al proprio percorso casa-scuola e a quello dei quattro protagonisti del film Vado a scuola, visionato in classe. Si è scelto la palestra, perché per il gruppo classe si è rivelata un luogo favorevole, in cui gli allievi hanno sempre dimostrato delle buone capacità di lavoro. Dall’interpretazione dei dati emerge che la realizzazione di un progetto comune ha migliorato le dinamiche relazionali del gruppo classe, favorendo la collaborazione, e che la scelta del luogo in cui metterlo in atto ha avuto un ruolo centrale. Parole chiave: progetto di classe, palestra, dinamiche relazionali, collaborazione, ascolto, rispetto. Relatrice: Marina Bernasconi
Scale Effects in Ridesplitting: A Case Study of the City of Chicago
Creators: name: Liu, Hao
name: Devunuri, Saipraneeth
name: Lehe, Lewis
name: Gayah, Vikash V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Ridesplitting -- a type of ride-hailing in which riders share vehicles with other riders -- has become a common travel mode in some major cities. This type of shared ride option is currently provided by transportation network companies (TNCs) such as Uber, Lyft, and Via and has attracted increasing numbers of users, particularly before the COVID-19 pandemic. Previous findings have suggested ridesplitting can lower travel costs and even lessen congestion by reducing the number of vehicles needed to move people. Recent studies have also posited that ridesplitting should experience positive feedback mechanisms in which the quality of the service would improve with the number of users. Specifically, these systems should benefit from economies of scale and increasing returns to scale. This paper demonstrates evidence of their existence using trip data reported by TNCs to the City of Chicago between January and September 2019. Specifically, it shows that increases in the number of riders requesting or authorizing shared trips during a given time period is associated with shorter trip detours, higher rates of riders being matched together, lower costs relative to non-shared trips, and higher willingness for riders to share trips.
description: This paper has been accepted for publication in Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice
Asymptotically-consistent analytical solutions for the non-Newtonian Sakiadis boundary layer
Creators: name: Naghshineh, Nastaran
name: Barlow, Nathaniel S.
name: Samaha, Mohamed A.
name: Weinstein, Steven J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Sakiadis boundary layer induced by a moving wall in a semi-infinite fluid domain is a fundamental laminar flow field relevant to high speed coating processes. This work provides an analytical solution to the boundary layer problem for Ostwald-de Waele power law fluids via a power series expansion, and extends the approach taken for Newtonian fluids [Naghshineh et al., "On the use of asymptotically motivated gauge functions to obtain convergent series solutions to nonlinear ODEs", IMA J. of Appl. Math., (2023)] in which variable substitutions (which naturally determine the gauge function in the power series) are chosen to be consistent with the large distance behavior away from the wall. Contrary to prior literature, the asymptotic behavior dictates that a solution only exists in the range of power law exponents, $α$, lying in the range $0.5 < α\leq 1$. An analytical solution is obtained in the range of approximately $0.74 \leq α< 1$, using a convergent power series with an asymptotically motivated gauge function. For power laws corresponding to $0.5 < α<0.74$, the gauge function becomes ill-defined over the full domain, and an approximate analytical solution is obtained using the method of asymptotic approximants [Barlow et al., "On the summation of divergent, truncated, and underspecified power series via asymptotic approximants", Q. J. Mech. Appl. Math., (2017)]. The approximant requires knowledge of two physical constants, which we compute a priori using a numerical shooting method on a finite domain. The utility of the power series solution is that it can be solved on the entire semi-infinite domain and--in contrast to a numerical solution--does not require a finite domain length approximation and subsequent domain length refinement.
Analysis of human erythropoietin and erythropoietin N-linked glycans using capillary electrophoresis and mass spectrometry
Creators: name: Risley, Jessica M.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2020

description: Glycoproteins are of interest as therapeutic agents. Characterization of the glycan component of glycoproteins is challenging due microheterogeneity, but necessary as glycans can cause negative immune system reactions. Erythropoietin is a glycoprotein hormone that stimulates the production of red blood cells and is used as a therapy for anemic patients. However, erythropoietin is also used as a doping agent in sports to boost performance by increasing the oxygen-carrying capacity of blood. Techniques for studying the glycans of erythropoietin and for differentiating between endogenous and exogenous erythropoietin are of interest in the scientific community. This thesis presents work on the development of techniques for the study of erythropoietin and its glycans for differentiation between endogenous and exogenous erythropoietin. Chapter 2 presents a capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry method that separates the terminal residue found on glycans, sialic acid. The presence of one type of sialic acid indicates an exogenous origin since humans cannot produce that sialic acid. By manipulating the post-column chemical conditions of the separation, the sensitivity of the method was increased. The most common sialic acid and the sialic acid that cannot be produced by humans were separated, and the feasibility of the method to detect low abundance levels of sialic acids from erythropoietin was shown. A key factor in lowering the LOD was the ability to inject reproducibly from a 1 µL sample volume. In chapter 3, different sialic acids from the producing conditions of erythropoietin (e.g. in the body or in cell culture) change the isoelectric point. A capillary isoelectric focusing method was developed with ultraviolet and laser induced fluorescence detection to analyze erythropoietin produced both endogenously and exogenously. The method was able to separate erythropoietins produced from different sources, and the isoelectric points of the various glycoforms of recombinant erythropoietin were determined. Chapter 4 focuses on simulations of an electro-fluid-dynamic microfluidic device for the feasibility of desalting glycoproteins with the device. Simulations concerning the ability of the device to selectively separate and purify analytes using a single power supply by manipulating the dimensions of the lengths and widths of the collection channels of the device.
Artificial Transcription Factors for Tuneable Gene Expression in Pichia pastoris
Creators: name: Naseri, Gita
name: Prause, Kevin
name: Hamdo, Housam Haj
name: Arenz, Christoph
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: artificial transcription factor
subject: metabolic engineering
subject: Pichia pastoris
subject: Saccharomyces cerevisiae
subject: synthetic biology
subject: 570 Biologie

description: The non-conventional yeast Pichia pastoris (syn. Komagataella phaffii) has become a powerful eukaryotic expression platform for biopharmaceutical and biotechnological applications on both laboratory and industrial scales. Despite the fundamental role that artificial transcription factors (ATFs) play in the orthogonal control of gene expression in synthetic biology, a limited number of ATFs are available for P. pastoris. To establish orthogonal regulators for use in P. pastoris, we characterized ATFs derived from Arabidopsis TFs. The plant-derived ATFs contain the binding domain of TFs from the plant Arabidopsis thaliana, in combination with the activation domains of yeast GAL4 and plant EDLL and a synthetic promoter harboring the cognate cis-regulatory motifs. Chromosomally integrated ATFs and their binding sites (ATF/BSs) resulted in a wide spectrum of inducible transcriptional outputs in P. pastoris, ranging from as low as 1- to as high as ∼63-fold induction with only small growth defects. We demonstrated the application of ATF/BSs by generating P. pastoris cells that produce β-carotene. Notably, the productivity of β-carotene in P. pastoris was ∼4.8-fold higher than that in S. cerevisiae, reaching ∼59% of the β-carotene productivity obtained in a S. cerevisiae strain optimized for the production of the β–carotene precursor, farnesyl diphosphate, by rewiring the endogenous metabolic pathways using plant-derived ATF/BSs. Our data suggest that plant-derived regulators have a high degree of transferability from S. cerevisiae to P. pastoris. The plant-derived ATFs, together with their cognate binding sites, powerfully increase the repertoire of transcriptional regulatory modules for the tuning of protein expression levels required in metabolic engineering or synthetic biology in P. pastoris.
L'importanza delle emozioni: l'influenza delle emozioni sui comportamenti
Creators: name: Lustenberger, Sonja
Publisher: name: Scuola Universitaria della Svizzera Italiana (SUPSI)
Year: 2022
Subjects: comprensione delle emozioni
gestione emotiva
comportamenti
empatia
sviluppo personale

description: Le emozioni hanno un ruolo importante nella vita di ciascun individuo e la capacità di comprensione e gestione delle stesse si ripercuote sui comportamenti che si adottano sin da bambini. È pertanto fondamentale svolgere delle attività che permettano di lavorare su tali capacità poiché qualsiasi emozione è accettabile, ma non qualsiasi reazione. Attraverso questa ricerca espongo un percorso focalizzato sulle emozioni, svolto con dei bambini di seconda elementare, pensato per accrescere e rafforzare le competenze di gestione emotiva degli alunni e delle alunne. Il lavoro si è svolto su quattro mesi, durante i quali sono state proposte diverse tipologie di attività sia individuali, sia a gruppi, sia collettive. La raccolta dei dati, sia quantitativi, sia qualitativi, ha permesso di individuare un miglioramento nella capacità di comprensione delle emozioni e la conseguente importanza di lavorare su tale tematica. Relatore: Nicola Rudelli.
title: The stratification potential of a novel epigenetic biomarker in rheumatoid arthritis
Creators: name: Duncan, Caitlin
Publisher: name: University of Glasgow
Year: 2021

description: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease of the joints, that affects 0.5-1% of the population globally. While primarily affecting the joints, systemic inflammation impacts other organs and the disease has a significant socioeconomic burden. While there are a wide range of medications to pharmacologically manage RA, it is a largely heterogeneous disease and the current treatment strategy does not consider the heterogeneity between patients. As such, precision medicine approaches to treatment are desired. A 5-loop chromosome conformation signature (CCS) was identified that had 90% specificity at predicting non-response to methotrexate (MTX) in early RA. These epigenetic biomarkers offer a novel strategy for improving patient care, and provide insight into disease pathogenesis. The aim of the work presented in this thesis was to further characterise this novel epigenetic biomarker. Investigation of this biomarker also offered the opportunity to hypothesise about underlying pathogenesis. A combination of molecular analysis of patient samples, and in-silico methodologies were applied to investigate these aims. In the first instance, the CCS was validated as a biomarker for identifying MTX responders using bioinformatic tools. Preliminary work was also carried out to identify the optimal method for detecting chromosome loops from the signature in the lab. Quantitative PCR was thoroughly explored, but excluded as a reliable and robust method of loop detection for our signature of interest. It was also found that the CCS was MTX specific, and alternative signatures would be required for prediction of response to other csDMARDs. Further validation of the signature, using an independent clinical cohort, revealed that specific loops from the CCS held stratification potential while others did not. In-silico investigations revealed different epigenetic landscapes exist between loops associated with responders and non-responders to MTX. Specifically, data suggests loops associated with responders exist in an environment which enhances gene transcription, while loops associated with non-responders have an environment indicating potential for gene repression. Differences in chromatin architecture, revealed through a discovery microarray, have indicated that 3D epigenetic endotypes exist within the early RA population. Further investigations suggested each endotype have different, unique pathways that are highly regulated. Furthermore, results revealed that there is a stable RA chromatin signature that exists, which highlights the importance of the 3D epigenome underpinning disease. In summation, this body of work has shown CCS to be promising biomarker for the stratification of the early RA population. Furthermore, thorough investigation of this signature highlighted novel pathways that may be involved in disease pathogenesis. This work has exciting potential to contribute to improved RA treatment in the future.
Plasmon Enhanced Quantum Properties of Single Photon Emitters with Hybrid Hexagonal Boron Nitride Silver Nanocube Systems
Creators: name: Dowran, Mohammadjavad
name: Butler, Andrew
name: Lamichhane, Suvechhya
name: Erickson, Adam
name: Kilic, Ufuk
name: Liou, Sy-Hwang
name: Argyropoulos, Christos
name: Laraoui, Abdelghani
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) has emerged as a promising ultrathin host of single photon emitters (SPEs) with favorable quantum properties at room temperature, making it a highly desirable element for integrated quantum photonic networks. One major challenge of using these SPEs in such applications is their low quantum efficiency. Recent studies have reported an improvement in quantum efficiency by up to two orders of magnitude when integrating an ensemble of emitters such as boron vacancy defects in multilayered hBN flakes embedded within metallic nanocavities. However, these experiments have not been extended to SPEs and are mainly focused on multiphoton effects. Here, we study the quantum single photon properties of hybrid nanophotonic structures composed of SPEs created in ultrathin hBN flakes coupled with plasmonic silver nanocubes. We demonstrate > 200% plasmonic enhancement of the SPE properties, manifested by a strong increase in the SPE fluorescence. Such enhancement is explained by rigorous numerical simulations where the hBN flake is in direct contact with the Ag nanocubes that cause the plasmonic effects. The presented strong and fast single photon emission obtained at room-temperature with a compact hybrid nanophotonic platform can be very useful to various emerging applications in quantum optical communications and computing.
Amovies Visione collettiva di contenuti multimediali a distanza
Creators: name: Goffi, Mattia
Publisher: name: Scuola Universitaria della Svizzera Italiana (SUPSI)
Year: 2020

description: Il mio progetto di tesi ha come tematiche principali la distanza e l’interazione tra utenti. L’obiettivo principale è quello di permettere la visione sincronizzata di un contenuto multimediale, cercando di ricreare l’atmosfera che si percepisce quando si guarda un film con le proprie persone care nello stesso luogo fisico. Scambi di opinioni, reazioni e esaltazione nei momenti salienti di un film racchiusi e resi possibili grazie alle interazioni che avvengono tramite un’applicazione. La condivisione di ciò che si prova o ciò che si pensa avviene in una modalità non intrusiva, per cercare di non interrompere la visione del contenuto audiovisivo. Per progettare questo tipo di applicazione, ho compiuto una ricerca approfondita di vari passaggi, dalla ricerca di cenni storici alla selezione e all’analisi di vari casi studio, che mi hanno permesso di estrapolare gli elementi determinanti per la realizzazione dell’app. Il risultato di questa ricerca e di questi studi è l’applicazione AMovies, un’app progettata rispettando la fruizione del contenuto multimediale. Attraverso vari tipi di interazioni gli utenti possono vivere un’esperienza paragonabile a quella della visione collettiva nello stesso luogo fisico.
Additional file 5 of SIRT1 regulates the phosphorylation and degradation of P27 by deacetylating CDK2 to promote T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia progression
Creators: name: Wang, Fangce
name: Li, Zheng
name: Zhou, Jie
name: Wang, Guangming
name: Zhang, Wenjun
name: Xu, Jun
name: Liang, Aibin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 5: Supplementary Fig. 5. SIRT1 decreases p27 protein levels. a-b SIRT1 and p27 protein levels were analyzed in MOLT-4 or CCRF-CEM cells from Fig. 3f.
Quadratic Semimartingale BSDEs under an Exponential Moments Condition
Creators: name: Mocha, Markus
name: Westray, Nicholas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60H10

description: In the present article we provide existence, uniqueness and stability results under an exponential moments condition for quadratic semimartingale backward stochastic differential equations (BSDEs) having convex generators. We show that the martingale part of the BSDE solution defines a true change of measure and provide an example which demonstrates that pointwise convergence of the drivers is not sufficient to guarantee a stability result within our framework.
description: 28 pages
Three-terminal thermoelectric transport through a molecule placed on an Aharonov-Bohm ring
Creators: name: Entin-Wohlman, O.
name: Aharony, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The thermoelectric transport through a ring threaded by an Aharonov-Bohm flux, with a molecular bridge on one of its arms, is analyzed. The transport electrons also interact with the vibrational excitations of that molecule. This nano-system is connected to three terminals: two are electronic reservoirs, which supply the transport electrons, and the third is the phonon bath which thermalizes the molecular vibrations. Expressions for the transport coefficients, relating all charge and heat currents to the temperature and chemical potential differences between the terminals, are derived to second order in the electron-vibration coupling. At linear response, all these coefficients obey the full Onsager-Casimir relations. When the phonon bath is held at a temperature different from those of the electronic reservoirs, a heat current exchanged between the molecular vibrations and the transport electrons can be converted into electric and/or heat electronic currents. The related transport coefficients, which exist only due to the electron-vibration coupling, change sign under the interchange between the electronic terminals and the sign change of the magnetic flux. It is also demonstrated that the Aharonov-Bohm flux can enhance this type of conversion.
description: Added clearer kists of the new results
First ALMA maps of cosmic ray ionisation rate in high-mass star-forming regions
Creators: name: Sabatini, Giovanni
name: Bovino, Stefano
name: Redaelli, Elena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Low-energy cosmic rays ($<1$ TeV) are a pivotal source of ionisation of the interstellar medium, where they play a central role in determining the gas chemical composition and drastically influence the formation of stars and planets. Over the last few decades, H$_3^+$ absorption lines observations in diffuse clouds have provided reliable estimates of the cosmic ray ionisation rate relative to H$_2$ ($ζ^{\rm ion}_{{\rm H}_2}$). However, in denser clouds, where stars and planets form, this method is often inefficient due to the lack of H$_3^+$ rotational transitions. The $ζ^{\rm ion}_{{\rm H}_2}$ estimates are, therefore, still provisional in this context and represent one of the least understood components when it comes to defining general models of star and planet formation. In this Letter, we present the first high-resolution maps of the $ζ^{\rm ion}_{{\rm H}_2}$ in two high-mass clumps obtained with a new analytical approach recently proposed to estimate the $ζ^{\rm ion}_{{\rm H}_2}$ in the densest regions of molecular clouds. We obtain $\langleζ^{\rm ion}_{{\rm H}_2}\rangle$ that span from $3\times10^{-17}$ to $10^{-16}\rm~s^{-1}$, depending on the different distribution of the main ion carriers, in excellent agreement with the most recent cosmic rays propagation models. The cores belonging to the same parental clump show comparable $ζ^{\rm ion}_{{\rm H}_2}$, suggesting that the ionisation properties of prestellar regions are determined by global rather than local effects. These results provide important information for the chemical and physical modelling of star-forming regions.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures, 2 tables. Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal Letters (ApJL)