cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Three dimensional vectorial imaging of surface phonons
Creators: name: Li, Xiaoyan
name: Haberfehlner, Georg
name: Hohenester, Ulrich
name: Stéphan, Odile
name: Kothleitner, Gerald
name: Kociak, Mathieu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: While phonons and their related properties have been studied comprehensively in bulk materials, a thorough understanding of surface phonons for nanoscale objects remains elusive. Infra-red imaging methods with photons or electrons exist, which can map these vibrational excitations down to the individual atom scale. However, no technique so far was able to directly reveal the complete three-dimensional vectorial picture of the phononic electromagnetic density of states from a nanostructured object. Using a highly monochromated electron beam in a scanning transmission electron microscope, we could visualize varying phonon signatures from nanoscale MgO cubes both as a function of the beam position, energy-loss and tilt angle. The vibrational responses were described in terms of well-defined eigenmodes and were used to tomographically reconstruct the phononic surface fields of the object, disclosing effects invisible by conventional mapping. Surface phonon applications rely critically on the way the electromagnetic field is spatially and vectorially shaped, strongly influencing the optical, thermal and electronic behavior of the materials. Such 3D information therefore promises novel insights in nanoscale physical phenomena and is invaluable to the design and optimization of nanostructures for fascinating new uses.
The Exile
Creators: name: Espinoza, Braulio
name: Mixco, Mauricio J.
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: klb

description: See Kiliwa Texts: “When I have Donned My Crest of Stars” (University of Utah Press, 1983), p. 209 for transcription, segmentation, glossing, and translation of this story.
Non-linear X-ray variability in X-ray binaries and active galaxies
Creators: name: Uttley, P.
name: McHardy, I. M.
name: Vaughan, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the rms-flux relation recently discovered in the X-ray light curves of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) and X-ray binaries (XRBs) implies that the light curves have a formally non-linear, exponential form, provided the rms-flux relation applies to variations on all time-scales (as it appears to). This phenomenological model implies that stationary data will have a lognormal flux distribution. We confirm this result using an observation of Cyg X-1, and further demonstrate that our model predicts the existence of the powerful millisecond flares observed in Cyg X-1 in the low/hard state, and explains the general shape and amplitude of the bicoherence spectrum in that source. Our model predicts that the most variable light curves will show the most extreme non-linearity. This result can naturally explain the apparent non-linear variability observed in some highly variable Narrow Line Seyfert 1 (NLS1) galaxies, as well as the low states observed on long time-scales in the NLS1 NGC 4051, as being nothing more than extreme manifestations of the same variability process that is observed in XRBs and less variable AGN. That variability process must be multiplicative (with variations coupled together on all time-scales) and cannot be additive (such as shot-noise), or related to self-organised criticality, or result from completely independent variations in many separate emitting regions. Successful models for variability must reproduce the observed rms-flux relation and non-linear behaviour, which are more fundamental characteristics of the variability process than the power spectrum or spectral-timing properties. Models where X-ray variability is driven by accretion rate variations produced at different radii remain the most promising.
description: 20 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
title: Cavin-1-mediated regulation of suppressor of cytokine signalling 3 (SOCS3) function
Creators: name: Alotaiq, Nasser Abdullah S.
Publisher: name: University of Glasgow
Year: 2019

description: A distinctive feature of many cell types, such as endothelial cells (ECs), is abundant population of small plasma membrane invaginations termed caveolae. These structures represent a distinct membrane microenvironment that are involved in regulating multiple signalling pathways. Several diseases in human, such as heart failure, degenerative muscular illness, and vascular diseases, might result due to the disruption of caveolar integrity. The main caveolar structural membrane protein is cavin-1 and it has been shown to play a major role in caveolae assembly as shown by caveolae destabilisation due to cavin-1 deletion. However, the exact cellular process that regulate the functionality of cavin-1 has not been fully elucidated. One of the signalling pathways that have been found localised and distributed within caveolae is the JAK/STAT signalling, which is downregulated via the suppressor of cytokine signalling-3 (SOCS3). Studies based on proteomic screening and biochemical analysis have revealed an interaction between cavin-1 and SOCS3. As such, we hypothesised that SOCS3/cavin-1 interaction is an important controlling element in caveolae stability and/or the pro-inflammatory signalling pathway mediated by IL-6 in the endothelial cells. In support of this hypothesis, cavin-1 protein levels were significantly reduced in SOCS3−/− murine embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) and human endothelial angiosarcoma (AS-M.5) cells compared with their WT counterparts in the absence of any changes in cavin-1 mRNA. This was associated with a reduced stability of the cavin-1 protein in SOCS3−/− AS-M.5 cells (t1/2=3 hr) versus WT AS-M.5 cells (t1/2>8 hr), significantly reduced levels of caveolin-1 and a parallel decrease in the number of caveolae detectable in SOCS3−/− MEFs and AS-M.5 cells by transmission electron microscopy. Confocal imaging experiments also revealed that cavin-1 was required for SOCS3 localisation to the plasma membrane and effective SOCS3-mediated inhibition of IL-6 signalling. Our data suggest a novel role for SOCS3 in regulating caveolae assembly while cavin-1, acting as a scaffold protein, might aid SOCS3-dependent regulation of JAK/STAT signalling. This is the first indication of a novel role for SOCS3 in caveola homeostasis and suggests that loss of caveolae represents a novel mechanism by which chronic activation of pro-inflammatory JAK/STAT signalling could be triggered in disease. Together, these data demonstrate an important interaction between cavin-1 and SOCS3 responsible for reciprocal regulation of their respective functions.
High-Amplitude gamma Doradus Variables
Creators: name: Paunzen, Ernst
name: Bernhard, Klaus
name: Huemmerich, Stefan
name: Hambsch, Franz-Josef
name: Lloyd, Christopher
name: Otero, Sebastian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: According to most literature sources, the amplitude of the pulsational variability observed in gamma Doradus stars does not exceed 0.1 mag in Johnson V. We have analyzed fifteen high-amplitude gamma Doradus stars with photometric peak-to-peak amplitudes well beyond this limit, with the aim of unraveling the mechanisms behind the observed high amplitudes and investigating whether these objects are in any way physically distinct from their low-amplitude counterparts. We have calculated astrophysical parameters and investigated the location of the high-amplitude gamma Doradus stars and a control sample of fifteen low-amplitude objects in the log Teff versus log L diagram. Employing survey data and our own observations, we analyzed the photometric variability of our target stars using discrete Fourier transform. Correlations between the observed primary frequencies, amplitudes and other parameters like effective temperature and luminosity were investigated. The unusually high amplitudes of the high-amplitude gamma Doradus stars can be explained by the superposition of several base frequencies in interaction with their combination and overtone frequencies. Although the maximum amplitude of the primary frequencies does not exceed an amplitude of 0.1 mag, total light variability amplitudes of over 0.3 mag (V) can be attained in this way. Low- and high-amplitude gamma Doradus stars do not appear to be physically distinct in any other respect than their total variability amplitudes but merely represent two ends of the same, uniform group of variables.
description: 19 pages, 11 figures, 19 tables, accepted for Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, corrected the format of Table 2
Time-Frequency Analysis of Gravitational Wave Data
Creators: name: Cornish, Neil J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Data from gravitational wave detectors are recorded as time series that include contributions from myriad noise sources in addition to any gravitational wave signals. When regularly sampled data are available, such as for ground based and future space based interferometers, analyses are typically performed in the frequency domain, where stationary (time invariant) noise processes can be modeled very efficiently. In reality, detector noise is not stationary due to a combination of short duration noise transients and longer duration drifts in the power spectrum. This non-stationarity produces correlations across samples at different frequencies, obviating the main advantage of a frequency domain analysis. Here an alternative time-frequency approach to gravitational wave data analysis is proposed that uses discrete, orthogonal wavelet wavepackets. The time domain data is mapped onto a uniform grid of time-frequency pixels. For locally stationary noise - that is, noise with an adiabatically varying spectrum - the time-frequency pixels are uncorrelated, which greatly simplifies the calculation of quantities such as the likelihood. Moreover, the gravitational wave signals from binary systems can be compactly represented as a collection of lines in time-frequency space, resulting in a computational cost for computing waveforms and likelihoods that scales as the square root of the number of time samples, as opposed to the linear scaling for time or frequency based analyses. Key to this approach is having fast methods for computing binary signals directly in the wavelet domain. Multiple fast transform methods are developed in detail.
description: 20 pages, 22 figures
EDITORS of SOCIAL SCIENCE ASIA : Official Journal of National Research Council of Thailand In conjunction with the College of Local Administration, Khon Kaen University, 2019
Creators: name: National Research Council Of Thailand
Publisher: name: National Research Council of Thailand
Year: 2019
Subjects: editor
editorial board

description: SOCIAL SCIENCE ASIA : Official Journal of National Research Council of Thailand in Conjunction with the College of Local Administration, Khon Kaen University, 5, 3, -
Вестник Российского нового университета серия «Человек и общество», Выпуск 32019
Creators: name: Автономная некоммерческая организация высшего образования «Российский новый университет»
Publisher: name: Вестник Российского нового университета серия «Человек и общество»
Year: 2019

description: , Выпуск 32019
Leßmann, Thomas: Rolle und Bedeutung des heiligen Geistes in der Theologie John Wesleys
Creators: name: Müller, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 38 Nr. 3 (1989): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 38, Heft 3
RENT - Repeated Elastic Net Technique for Feature Selection
Creators: name: Jenul, Anna
name: Schrunner, Stefan
name: Liland, Kristian Hovde
name: Indahl, Ulf Geir
name: Futsaether, Cecilia Marie
name: Tomic, Oliver
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Feature selection
Selection stability
Elastic net regularization
Generalized linear model
Exploratory analysis

description: RENT is a feature selection method for binary classification and regression problems. At its core, RENT trains an ensemble of unique models using regularized elastic net to select features. Each model in the ensemble is trained with a unique and randomly selected subset from the full training data. From these models one can acquire weight distributions for each feature that contain rich information on the stability of feature selection and from which several adjustable classification criteria may be defined. Moreover, we acquire distributions of class predictions for each sample across many models in the ensemble. Analysis of these distributions may provide useful insight into which samples are more difficult to classify correctly than others. Overall, results from the tested datasets show that RENT not only can compete on-par with the best performing feature selection methods in this study, but also provides valuable insights into the stability of feature selection and sample classification.
Implementations of user mobility support for UPC in JAVA/CORBA environment
Creators: name: Huynh, Thong Tri
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This thesis addresses the specification and implementation of the Universal Personal Computing (UPC) environment, developed at UBC for support of user mobility. In the UPC computing environment, each user has a unique global identification with which the user can access network services, computing resources, personal applications, data files, and environmental configuration through any terminal, stationary or mobile, wired or wireless networking, anywhere on the Internet. In this thesis, we produced the specification of the UPC' s Registration and Service Negotiation Protocol (RSNP) using the Specification and Description Language (SDL) and simulated the RSNP using a SDL supported tool. As an initial attempt to verify the concept, we implemented the UPC protocol and a graphical user interface using C and Tcl/Tk as the programming language. CORBA and Java offers an alternative approach in modelling the UPC concept that is flexible and portable to any computing platform. A UPC prototype is implemented using CORBA as the architecture framework and Java as the programming language.
Concept2vec: Metrics for Evaluating Quality of Embeddings for Ontological Concepts
Creators: name: Alshargi, Faisal
name: Shekarpour, Saeedeh
name: Soru, Tommaso
name: Sheth, Amit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.4; I.2.6

description: Although there is an emerging trend towards generating embeddings for primarily unstructured data and, recently, for structured data, no systematic suite for measuring the quality of embeddings has been proposed yet. This deficiency is further sensed with respect to embeddings generated for structured data because there are no concrete evaluation metrics measuring the quality of the encoded structure as well as semantic patterns in the embedding space. In this paper, we introduce a framework containing three distinct tasks concerned with the individual aspects of ontological concepts: (i) the categorization aspect, (ii) the hierarchical aspect, and (iii) the relational aspect. Then, in the scope of each task, a number of intrinsic metrics are proposed for evaluating the quality of the embeddings. Furthermore, w.r.t. this framework, multiple experimental studies were run to compare the quality of the available embedding models. Employing this framework in future research can reduce misjudgment and provide greater insight about quality comparisons of embeddings for ontological concepts. We positioned our sampled data and code at https://github.com/alshargi/Concept2vec under GNU General Public License v3.0.
description: Spring Symposium on Combining Machine Learning with Knowledge Engineering (AAAI-MAKE 2019)
Wightman function and vacuum fluctuations in higher dimensional brane models
Creators: name: Saharian, Aram A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Wightman function and vacuum expectation value of the field square are evaluated for a massive scalar field with general curvature coupling parameter subject to Robin boundary conditions on two codimension one parallel branes located on $(D+1)$-dimensional background spacetime $AdS_{D_1+1}\times Σ$ with a warped internal space $Σ$. The general case of different Robin coefficients on separate branes is considered. The application of the generalized Abel-Plana formula for the series over zeros of combinations of cylinder functions allows us to extract manifestly the part due to the bulk without boundaries. Unlike to the purely AdS bulk, the vacuum expectation value of the field square induced by a single brane, in addition to the distance from the brane, depends also on the position of the brane in the bulk. The brane induced part in this expectation value vanishes when the brane position tends to the AdS horizon or AdS boundary. The asymptotic behavior of the vacuum densities near the branes and at large distances is investigated. The contribution of Kaluza-Klein modes along $Σ$ is discussed in various limiting cases. As an example the case $Σ=S^1$ is considered, corresponding to the $AdS_{D+1}$ bulk with one compactified dimension. An application to the higher dimensional generalization of the Randall-Sundrum brane model with arbitrary mass terms on the branes is discussed.
description: 25 pages, 2 figures, discussion added, accepted for publication in Phys.Rev.D
Migration from the North (I)
Creators: name: Espinoza, Braulio
name: Mixco, Mauricio J.
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: klb

description: See Kiliwa Texts: "When I have Donned My Crest of Stars" (University of Utah Press, 1983), p. 51 for transcription, segmentation, glossing, and translation of this story.
Adversarial Learning for Debiasing Knowledge Graph Embeddings
Creators: name: Arduini, Mario
name: Noci, Lorenzo
name: Pirovano, Federico
name: Zhang, Ce
name: Shrestha, Yash Raj
name: Paudel, Bibek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Knowledge Graphs (KG) are gaining increasing attention in both academia and industry. Despite their diverse benefits, recent research have identified social and cultural biases embedded in the representations learned from KGs. Such biases can have detrimental consequences on different population and minority groups as applications of KG begin to intersect and interact with social spheres. This paper aims at identifying and mitigating such biases in Knowledge Graph (KG) embeddings. As a first step, we explore popularity bias -- the relationship between node popularity and link prediction accuracy. In case of node2vec graph embeddings, we find that prediction accuracy of the embedding is negatively correlated with the degree of the node. However, in case of knowledge-graph embeddings (KGE), we observe an opposite trend. As a second step, we explore gender bias in KGE, and a careful examination of popular KGE algorithms suggest that sensitive attribute like the gender of a person can be predicted from the embedding. This implies that such biases in popular KGs is captured by the structural properties of the embedding. As a preliminary solution to debiasing KGs, we introduce a novel framework to filter out the sensitive attribute information from the KG embeddings, which we call FAN (Filtering Adversarial Network). We also suggest the applicability of FAN for debiasing other network embeddings which could be explored in future work.
description: MLG 2020 at the ACM SIGKDD Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining (KDD) 2020
In situ mechanical testing of an Al matrix composite to investigate compressive plasticity and failure on multiple length scales
Creators: name: Lei, Tianjiao
name: Wardini, Jenna L.
name: Donaldson, Olivia K.
name: Rupert, Timothy J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: SiC particle-reinforced Al matrix composites exhibit high strength, high wear resistance, and excellent high-temperature performance, but can also have low plasticity and fracture toughness, which limits their use in structural applications. This study investigates the plasticity and failure of such a composite on multiple length scales, from strain localization through a complex microstructure to the debonding of individual microparticles from the matrix. Three microscale pillars containing microstructures with different complexities and sizes/volume fraction of SiC particles were used to study the effect of these features on deformation. For the matrix, nanoscale intermetallic precipitates within the Al grains contribute most to the strengthening effect, and the Al grain boundaries are shown to be effective obstacles for preventing strain localization by dominant shear bands and, therefore, catastrophic failure. When shear localization occurs, SiC particles can then debond from the matrix if the shear band and interface are aligned. To investigate whether the interface is a weak point during catastrophic failure, a number of SiC particles were separated from the matrix with direct debonding tests, which yield an interface strength that is much higher than the critical resolved shear stress for a pillar exhibiting both shear localization and interface debonding. Therefore, the matrix-particle interface is ruled out as a possible weak point, and instead shear localization is identified as the mechanism that can drive subsequent interface debonding.
Extending the application of the LCSR method to low momenta using QCD renormalization-group summation. Theory and phenomenology
Creators: name: Mikhailov, S. V.
name: Pimikov, A. V.
name: Stefanis, N. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that using renormalization-group summation to generate the QCD radiative corrections to the $π-γ$ transition form factor, calculated with lightcone sum rules (LCSR), renders the strong coupling free of Landau singularities while preserving the QCD form-factor asymptotics. This enables a reliable applicability of the LCSR method to momenta well below 1 GeV$^2$. This way, one can use the new preliminary BESIII data with unprecedented accuracy below 1.5 GeV$^2$ to fine tune the prefactor of the twist-six contribution. Using a combined fit to all available data below 3.1 GeV$^2$, we are able to determine all nonperturbative scale parameters and a few Gegenbauer coefficients entering the calculation of the form factor. Employing these ingredients, we determine a pion distribution amplitude with conformal coefficients $(b_2,b_4)$ that agree at the $1σ$ level with the data for $Q^2 \leqslant 3.1$ GeV$^2$ and fulfill at the same time the lattice constraints on $b_2$ at N$^3$LO together with the constraints from QCD sum rules with nonlocal condensates.The form-factor prediction calculated herewith reproduces the data below 1 GeV$^2$ significantly better than analogous predictions based on a fixed-order power-series expansion in the strong coupling constant.
description: 15 pages, 3 figures, 1 table, [v3] reformatted in two-column style, 15 pages; references added, typos corrected, [v4] minor corrections
The APOGEE Library of Infrared SSP Templates (A-LIST): High-Resolution Simple Stellar Population Spectral Models in the H-Band
Creators: name: Ashok, Aishwarya
name: Zasowski, Gail
name: Seth, Anil
name: Hasselquist, Sten
name: Bergsten, Galen
name: Cooper, Olivia
name: Boardman, Nicholas
name: Bizyaev, Dmitry
name: Goytia, Sofia Meneses
name: García-Hernández, D. A.
name: Roman-Lopes, Alexandre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Integrated light spectroscopy from galaxies can be used to study the stellar populations that cannot be resolved into individual stars. This analysis relies on stellar population synthesis (SPS) techniques to study the formation history and structure of galaxies. However, the spectral templates available for SPS are limited, especially in the near-infrared. We present A-LIST (APOGEE Library of Infrared SSP Templates), a new set of high-resolution, near-IR SSP spectral templates spanning a wide range of ages (2-12 Gyr), metallicities ($\rm -2.2 < [M/H] < +0.4$) and $α$ abundances ($\rm -0.2 < [α/M] < +0.4$). This set of SSP templates is the highest resolution ($R\sim22500$) available in the near infrared, and the first such based on an empirical stellar library. Our models are generated using spectra of $\sim$300,000 stars spread across the Milky Way, with a wide range of metallicities and abundances, from the APOGEE survey. We show that our model spectra provide accurate fits to M31 globular cluster spectra taken with APOGEE, with best-fit metallicities agreeing with those of previous estimates to within $\sim$0.1 dex. We also compare these model spectra to lower-resolution E-MILES models and demonstrate that we recover the ages of these models to within $\sim$1.5 Gyr. This library is available in https://github.com/aishashok/ALIST-library.
description: 21 pages, 15 figures, accepted for publication in The Astronomical Journal
Classification Beats Regression: Counting of Cells from Greyscale Microscopic Images based on Annotation-free Training Samples
Creators: name: Ding, Xin
name: Zhang, Qiong
name: Welch, William J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Modern methods often formulate the counting of cells from microscopic images as a regression problem and more or less rely on expensive, manually annotated training images (e.g., dot annotations indicating the centroids of cells or segmentation masks identifying the contours of cells). This work proposes a supervised learning framework based on classification-oriented convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to count cells from greyscale microscopic images without using annotated training images. In this framework, we formulate the cell counting task as an image classification problem, where the cell counts are taken as class labels. This formulation has its limitation when some cell counts in the test stage do not appear in the training data. Moreover, the ordinal relation among cell counts is not utilized. To deal with these limitations, we propose a simple but effective data augmentation (DA) method to synthesize images for the unseen cell counts. We also introduce an ensemble method, which can not only moderate the influence of unseen cell counts but also utilize the ordinal information to improve the prediction accuracy. This framework outperforms many modern cell counting methods and won the data analysis competition (Case Study 1: Counting Cells From Microscopic Images https://ssc.ca/en/case-study/case-study-1-counting-cells-microscopic-images) of the 47th Annual Meeting of the Statistical Society of Canada (SSC). Our code is available at https://github.com/anno2020/CellCount_TinyBBBC005.
Verifying nondeterministic probabilistic channel systems against $ω$-regular linear-time properties
Creators: name: Baier, Christel
name: Bertrand, Nathalie
name: Schnoebelen, Philippe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Lossy channel systems (LCSs) are systems of finite state automata that communicate via unreliable unbounded fifo channels. In order to circumvent the undecidability of model checking for nondeterministic LCSs, probabilistic models have been introduced, where it can be decided whether a linear-time property holds almost surely. However, such fully probabilistic systems are not a faithful model of nondeterministic protocols. We study a hybrid model for LCSs where losses of messages are seen as faults occurring with some given probability, and where the internal behavior of the system remains nondeterministic. Thus the semantics is in terms of infinite-state Markov decision processes. The purpose of this article is to discuss the decidability of linear-time properties formalized by formulas of linear temporal logic (LTL). Our focus is on the qualitative setting where one asks, e.g., whether a LTL-formula holds almost surely or with zero probability (in case the formula describes the bad behaviors). Surprisingly, it turns out that -- in contrast to finite-state Markov decision processes -- the satisfaction relation for LTL formulas depends on the chosen type of schedulers that resolve the nondeterminism. While all variants of the qualitative LTL model checking problem for the full class of history-dependent schedulers are undecidable, the same questions for finite-memory scheduler can be solved algorithmically. However, the restriction to reachability properties and special kinds of recurrent reachability properties yields decidable verification problems for the full class of schedulers, which -- for this restricted class of properties -- are as powerful as finite-memory schedulers, or even a subclass of them.
description: 39 pages
Tracking color objects in real time
Creators: name: Kravtchenko, Vladimir
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The goal of our research is efficient tracking of color objects from a sequence of live images for use in real-time applications including surveillance, video conferencing and robot navigation. In this work we outline the results of our research. First we propose a novel, compact, look-up table color representation of a dielectric object that models the behavior of a color cluster in color space and yields real time performance in segmenting out color object pixels. This representation accounts for non-white illumination, shadows, highlights, variable viewing and camera operating conditions. We then propose a clustering method that uses density and spatial cues to cluster object pixels into separate objects. We also describe a method of identifying objects from the neighboring frames and predicting their future movement. Finally we provide details of a practical implementation of a tracking system based on the proposed techniques.
Towards Heterogeneous Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning with Graph Neural Networks
Creators: name: Meneghetti, Douglas De Rizzo
name: Bianchi, Reinaldo Augusto da Costa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This work proposes a neural network architecture that learns policies for multiple agent classes in a heterogeneous multi-agent reinforcement setting. The proposed network uses directed labeled graph representations for states, encodes feature vectors of different sizes for different entity classes, uses relational graph convolution layers to model different communication channels between entity types and learns distinct policies for different agent classes, sharing parameters wherever possible. Results have shown that specializing the communication channels between entity classes is a promising step to achieve higher performance in environments composed of heterogeneous entities.
description: Published and presented at the XVI Encontro Nacional de Intelig\^encia Artificial e Computacional (ENIAC). Fixed notation
Quantum Darwinism: Entanglement, branches, and the emergent classicality of redundantly stored quantum information
Creators: name: Blume-Kohout, Robin
name: Zurek, W. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We lay a comprehensive foundation for the study of redundant information storage in decoherence processes. Redundancy has been proposed as a prerequisite for objectivity, the defining property of classical objects. We consider two ensembles of states for a model universe consisting of one system and many environments: the first consisting of arbitrary states, and the second consisting of ``singly-branching'' states consistent with a simple decoherence model. Typical states from the random ensemble do not store information about the system redundantly, but information stored in branching states has a redundancy proportional to the environment's size. We compute the specific redundancy for a wide range of model universes, and fit the results to a simple first-principles theory. Our results show that the presence of redundancy divides information about the system into three parts: classical (redundant); purely quantum; and the borderline, undifferentiated or ``nonredundant,'' information.
description: 22 pages, RevTeX4. Color figures. Revised in light of referee comments from PRA; improved presentation, no major content changes
Network clique cover approximation to analyze complex contagions through group interactions
Creators: name: Burgio, Giulio
name: Arenas, Alex
name: Gómez, Sergio
name: Matamalas, Joan T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Contagion processes have been proven to fundamentally depend on the structural properties of the interaction networks conveying them. Many real networked systems are characterized by clustered substructures representing either collections of all-to-all pair-wise interactions (cliques) and/or group interactions, involving many of their members at once. In this work, focusing on interaction structures represented as simplicial complexes, we present a discrete-time microscopic model of complex contagion for a susceptible-infected-susceptible dynamics. Introducing a particular edge clique cover and a heuristic to find it, the model accounts for the higher-order dynamical correlations among the members of the substructures (cliques/simplices). The analytical computation of the critical point reveals that higher-order correlations are responsible for its dependence on the higher-order couplings. While such dependence eludes any mean-field model, the possibility of a bi-stable region is extended to structured populations.
description: 26 pages, 10 figures
Mountain Sheep Constellation (I)
Creators: name: Espinoza, Braulio
name: Mixco, Mauricio J.
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: klb

description: See Kiliwa Texts: "When I have Donned My Crest of Stars" (University of Utah Press, 1983), p. 103 for transcription, segmentation, glossing, and translation of this story.
Active engines: Thermodynamics moves forward
Creators: name: Fodor, Étienne
name: Cates, Michael E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The study of thermal heat engines was pivotal to establishing the principles of equilibrium thermodynamics, with implications far wider than only engine optimization. For nonequilibrium systems, which by definition dissipate energy even at rest, how to best convert such dissipation into useful work is still largely an outstanding question, with similar potential to illuminate general physical principles. We review recent theoretical progress in studying the performances of engines operating with active matter, where particles are driven by individual self-propulsion. We distinguish two main classes, either autonomous engines exploiting a particle current, or cyclic engines applying periodic transformation to the system, and present the strategies put forward so far for optimization. We delineate the limitations of previous studies, and propose some futures perspectives, with a view to building a consistent thermodynamic framework far from equilibrium.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
Integrating Structure, Information Architecture and Control Design: Application to Tensegrity Systems
Creators: name: Goyal, Raman
name: Majji, Manoranjan
name: Skelton, Robert E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A novel unified approach to jointly optimize structural design parameters, actuator and sensor precision and controller parameters is presented in this paper. The joint optimization problem is posed as a covariance control problem, where feasibility is achieved by bounding the covariance of the output as well as that of the control signals. The formulation is used to design a tensegrity system, where the initial prestress parameters, sensor and actuator precisions, and the control law are jointly optimized. Tensegrity system dynamics models linearized about an equilibrium point are used for system design, where minimality is ensured by constraint projection. The feedback loop is assumed to have a full-order dynamic compensator with its characteristic matrices chosen as optimization variables. The suboptimal solution of this non-convex system design problem is found by iterating over an approximated convex problem through the use of a convexifying potential function that enables the convergence to a stationary point. It is shown that for a linear dynamical system, the approximated joint optimization problem can be formulated using Linear Matrix Inequalities (LMIs).
Ludwig Erhard-Stiftung: Die Ethik der sozialen Marktwirtschaft
Creators: name: Grohs, Gerhard
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 38 Nr. 3 (1989): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 38, Heft 3
Fluctuating annihilation cross sections and the generation of density perturbations
Creators: name: Bauer, Christian W.
name: Graesser, Michael L.
name: Salem, Michael P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fluctuations in the mass and decay rate of a heavy particle which for some period dominates the energy density of the universe are known to lead to adiabatic density perturbations. We show that generically the annihilation cross section of the same particle also receives fluctuations, which leads to entropy perturbations at freeze-out. If the particle comes to dominate the energy density of the universe and subsequently decays, this leads to an additional source of adiabatic density perturbations. On the other hand, non-adiabatic density perturbations result when the particle does not decay but contributes to the observed dark matter.
description: Discussion of Gaussian and non-Gaussian perturbations added; Conclusions strengthened
Surveying the X-ray Behavior of Novae as They Emit $γ$-rays
Creators: name: Gordon, Alexa C.
name: Aydi, Elias
name: Page, Kim L.
name: Li, Kwan-Lok
name: Chomiuk, Laura
name: Sokolovsky, Kirill V.
name: Mukai, Koji
name: Seitz, Joseph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The detection of GeV $γ$-ray emission from Galactic novae by $Fermi$-LAT has become routine since 2010, and is generally associated with shocks internal to the nova ejecta. These shocks are also expected to heat plasma to $\sim 10^7$ K, resulting in detectable X-ray emission. In this paper, we investigate 13 $γ$-ray emitting novae observed with the Neil Gehrels $Swift$ Observatory, searching for 1-10 keV X-ray emission concurrent with $γ$-ray detections. We also analyze $γ$-ray observations of novae V407 Lup (2016) and V357 Mus (2018). We find that most novae do eventually show X-ray evidence of hot shocked plasma, but not until the $γ$-rays have faded below detectability. We suggest that the delayed rise of the X-ray emission is due to large absorbing columns and/or X-ray suppression by corrugated shock fronts. The only nova in our sample with a concurrent X-ray/$γ$-ray detection is also the only embedded nova (V407 Cyg). This exception supports a scenario where novae with giant companions produce shocks with external circumbinary material and are characterized by lower density environments, in comparison with novae with dwarf companions where shocks occur internal to the dense ejecta.
description: 23 pages, 19 figures, submitted to ApJ
Automated Medical Coding on MIMIC-III and MIMIC-IV: A Critical Review and Replicability Study
Creators: name: Edin, Joakim
name: Junge, Alexander
name: Havtorn, Jakob D.
name: Borgholt, Lasse
name: Maistro, Maria
name: Ruotsalo, Tuukka
name: Maaløe, Lars
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: H.3.0

description: Medical coding is the task of assigning medical codes to clinical free-text documentation. Healthcare professionals manually assign such codes to track patient diagnoses and treatments. Automated medical coding can considerably alleviate this administrative burden. In this paper, we reproduce, compare, and analyze state-of-the-art automated medical coding machine learning models. We show that several models underperform due to weak configurations, poorly sampled train-test splits, and insufficient evaluation. In previous work, the macro F1 score has been calculated sub-optimally, and our correction doubles it. We contribute a revised model comparison using stratified sampling and identical experimental setups, including hyperparameters and decision boundary tuning. We analyze prediction errors to validate and falsify assumptions of previous works. The analysis confirms that all models struggle with rare codes, while long documents only have a negligible impact. Finally, we present the first comprehensive results on the newly released MIMIC-IV dataset using the reproduced models. We release our code, model parameters, and new MIMIC-III and MIMIC-IV training and evaluation pipelines to accommodate fair future comparisons.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures, to be published in Proceedings of the 46th International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval (SIGIR '23), July 23--27, 2023, Taipei, Taiwan
Top-quark pair production in association with a $W^\pm$ gauge boson in the POWHEG-BOX
Creators: name: Cordero, F. Febres
name: Kraus, M.
name: Reina, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new Monte Carlo event generator for the production of a top-quark pair in association with a $W^\pm$ boson at hadron colliders in the POWHEG-BOX framework. We consider the next-to-leading-order QCD corrections to the $pp\to t\bar{t} W^\pm$ cross section, corresponding to the $\mathcal{O}(α_s^3α)$ and $\mathcal{O}(α_sα^3)$ terms in the perturbative expansion of the parton-level cross section, and model the decays of $W$ and top quarks at leading order retaining spin correlations. The fixed-order QCD calculation is further interfaced with the Pythia8 parton-shower event generator via the POWHEG method as implemented in the POWHEG-BOX. The corresponding code is now part of the public repository of the POWHEG-BOX. We perform a comparison of different event generators for both the case of inclusive production and the case of the two same-sign leptons signature at the Large Hadron Collider operating at a center-of-mass energy of $13$ TeV. We investigate theoretical uncertainties in the modelling of the fiducial volume stemming from missing higher-order corrections, the different parton shower matching schemes, and the modelling of decays. We find that the subleading contribution at $\mathcal{O}(α_sα^3)$ is particularly sensitive to differences in the matching scheme and higher-order parton shower effects. We observe that in particular jet observables can differ quite visibly although these differences play only a subordinate role in the description of physical observables once all contributions are combined.
description: 52 pages and 36 beautiful plots, matches published version
The Burning of Santa Catarina (II)
Creators: name: Espinoza, Braulio
name: Mixco, Mauricio J.
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: klb

description: See Kiliwa Texts: “When I have Donned My Crest of Stars” (University of Utah Press, 1983), p. 230 for transcription, segmentation, glossing, and translation of this story.
Electronic conductivity and structural distortion at the interface between insulators SrTiO3 and LaAlO3
Creators: name: Maurice, J. -L.
name: Carretero, C.
name: Casanove, M. -J.
name: Bouzehouane, K.
name: Guyard, S.
name: Larquet, É.
name: Contour, J. -P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When insulator LaAlO3 is grown by epitaxy onto a TiO2-terminated {100} surface of insulator SrTiO3, the resulting system has a metallic character. This phenomenon has been associated with an electrostatic frustration at the interface, as {100} surfaces of SrTiO3 are neutral while those of LaAlO3 are polar, but its microscopic mechanism is not quite understood. Here, we present a structural characterisation of this interface by aberration-corrected transmission electron microscopy. The unit cells at the interface appear elongated: we discuss this distortion in terms of electrostatic charge and extra carriers at the interface.
War of Revenge (I)
Creators: name: Espinoza, Braulio
name: Mixco, Mauricio J.
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: klb

description: See Kiliwa Texts: "When I have Donned My Crest of Stars" (University of Utah Press, 1983), p. 55 for transcription, segmentation, glossing, and translation of this story.