cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Genetic variations in peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor   expression affect blood pressure
Creators: name: Smithies, O.
name: Tsai, Y.-S.
name: Maeda, N.
name: Xu, L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Metabolic syndrome, a clustering of conditions including obesity, insulin resistance, and hypertension, is a risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Because peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) regulates adipocyte differentiation and lipid metabolism and is the molecular target of a class of insulin sensitizers, genetic variants that alter Pparg gene expression are potential contributors to the metabolic syndrome. To test this possibility, we generated mice having 182% of the normal steady-state level of PPARγ mRNA by replacing the 3′-UTR of the natural Pparg gene with that of the β-globin gene, thereby stabilizing the Pparg transcripts. This increase in PPARγ mRNA level had no apparent consequences in various physiological parameters, except that the mice repeatedly showed a trend toward lower blood pressures (by about 3 mm Hg) than their WT littermates. In contrast, the opposite trend, toward increased blood pressure, was observed in mice with genetically reduced levels of PPARγ mRNA as a consequence of insertion of an allele with an mRNA-destabilizing sequence into the endogenous 3′-UTR of the Pparg gene. By combining 12 sets of blood pressure measurements in more than 350 mutant mice having PPARγ expression levels varying from 28% to 182% and more than 280 WT littermates, we show that a 2-fold genetic increase (or decrease) in PPARγ expression levels decreases (or increases) blood pressure by about 2.8 mm Hg. Thus, our experiments demonstrate that quantitative variants causing decreased Pparg expression are a potential causative risk factor for essential hypertension.
Tuning Structural and Optical Properties of Porphyrin‐based Hydrogen‐Bonded Organic Frameworks by Metal Insertion
Creators: name: Tholen, Patrik
name: Peeples, Craig A.
name: Ayhan, Mehmet M.
name: Wagner, Lukas
name: Thomas, Heidi
name: Imbrasas, Paulius
name: Zorlu, Yunus
name: Baretzky, Clemens
name: Reineke, Sebastian
name: Hanna, Gabriel
name: Yücesan, Gündoğ
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften
subject: density functional theory calculations
subject: hydrogen‐bonded organic frameworks
subject: photoluminescence

description: Herein, a simple way of tuning the optical and structural properties of porphyrin‐based hydrogen‐bonded organic frameworks (HOFs) is reported. By inserting transition metal ions into the porphyrin cores of GTUB‐5 (p‐H8‐TPPA (5,10,15,20‐Tetrakis[p‐phenylphosphonic acid] HOF), the authors show that it is possible to generate HOFs with different band gaps, photoluminescence (PL) life times, and textural properties. The band gaps of the resulting HOFs (viz., Cu‐, Ni‐, Pd‐, and Zn‐GTUB‐5) are measured by diffuse reflectance and PL spectroscopy, as well as calculated via DFT, and the PL lifetimes are measured. Across the series, the band gaps vary over a narrow range from 1.37 to 1.62 eV, while the PL lifetimes vary over a wide range from 2.3 to 83 ns. These differences ultimately arise from metal‐induced structural changes, viz., changes in the metal‐to‐nitrogen distances, number of hydrogen bonds, and pore volumes. DFT reveals that the band gaps of Cu‐, Zn‐, and Pd‐ GTUB‐5 are governed by highest occupied/lowest unoccupied crystal orbitals (HOCO/LUCO) composed of π‐ orbitals on the porphyrin linkers, while that of Ni‐GTUB‐5 is governed by a HOCO and LUCO composed of Ni dorbitals. Overall, our findings show that metal‐insertion can be used to optimize HOFs for optoelectronics and small‐molecule capture applications.
Properties of Stellar Populations in Isolated Lenticular Galaxies
Creators: name: Katkov, Ivan
name: Sil'chenko, Olga
name: Afanasiev, Victor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we present the results of long-slit spectral observations for a sample of isolated lenticular galaxies, made with the SCORPIO and SCORPIO-2 spectrographs of the 6-meter BTA telescope of the SAO RAS. By applying full spectral fitting technique using the stellar population evolutionary synthesis models, we have measured the radial profiles of the stellar line-of-sight velocity as well as the velocity dispersion, SSP-equivalent age and SSP-equivalent metallicity of stars along the radius in 12 targets. The resulting averaged ages of the stellar population in bulges and discs cover an entire range of possible values from 1.5 to 15 Gyr which indicates the absence of a certain formation epoch for the structural components in the isolated lenticular galaxies, unlike in the members of clusters and rich groups: they could have been formed at a redshift of $z>2$ as well as only a few billion years ago. Unlike S0 galaxies in more dense environments, the isolated galaxies typically have the same age of stars in the bulges and discs. The disc-embedded lenses and rings of increased stellar brightness, identified from the photometry in 7 of 11 galaxies, do not differ strongly from the stellar discs as concerning the properties of stellar populations and stellar velocity dispersion. We conclude that the final shaping of the morphological type of a lenticular galaxy in complete isolation is critically dependent on the possible regimes of cold-gas accretion from outside.
description: 19 pages, 4 figures, revised version of paper Katkov et al. Astrophysical Bulletin 69, 121 (2014) (http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2014AstBu..69..121K)
Instruments used to assess distress in people living with diabetes: A scoping review
Creators: name: Kirk, Deborah
name: Kemp, Vivien
name: Jenkins, Mark
name: Towell-Barnard, Amanda
name: Whitehead, Lisa
name: Cole, Amanda
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences

description: "A scoping review to map instruments used to assess distress in T2 diabetes." Screening for distress in people living with diabetes could potentially identify which stressors could be ameliorated by interventions, using valid and reliable measures is important. This review will map and identify the available validated measures of distress used in the field of type 2 diabetes. Using a validated instrument to assess distress is one strategy healthcare providers can use to identify distress in the clinical setting and develop structured plans to address specific needs.
GLP-1 receptor stimulation preserves primary cortical and dopaminergic neurons in cellular and rodent models of stroke and Parkinsonism
Creators: name: Harvey, B. K.
name: Shen, H.
name: Sambamurti, K.
name: Brossi, A.
name: Mattson, M. P.
name: Egan, J. M.
name: Perry, T.
name: Li, Y.
name: Tweedie, D.
name: Wang, Y.
name: Lahiri, D. K.
name: Hoffer, B. J.
name: Powers, K.
name: Greig, N. H.
name: Holloway, H. W.
name: Kindy, M. S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is an endogenous insulinotropic peptide secreted from the gastrointestinal tract in response to food intake. It enhances pancreatic islet β-cell proliferation and glucose-dependent insulin secretion, and lowers blood glucose and food intake in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). A long-acting GLP-1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonist, exendin-4 (Ex-4), is the first of this new class of antihyperglycemia drugs approved to treat T2DM. GLP-1Rs are coupled to the cAMP second messenger pathway and, along with pancreatic cells, are expressed within the nervous system of rodents and humans, where receptor activation elicits neurotrophic actions. We detected GLP-1R mRNA expression in both cultured embryonic primary cerebral cortical and ventral mesencephalic (dopaminergic) neurons. These cells are vulnerable to hypoxia- and 6-hydroxydopamine–induced cell death, respectively. We found that GLP-1 and Ex-4 conferred protection in these cells, but not in cells from Glp1r knockout (-/-) mice. Administration of Ex-4 reduced brain damage and improved functional outcome in a transient middle cerebral artery occlusion stroke model. Ex-4 treatment also protected dopaminergic neurons against degeneration, preserved dopamine levels, and improved motor function in the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) mouse model of Parkinson's disease (PD). Our findings demonstrate that Ex-4 can protect neurons against metabolic and oxidative insults, and they provide preclinical support for the therapeutic potential for Ex-4 in the treatment of stroke and PD.
High Amylose Corn Starch Gels—Investigation of the Supermolecular Structure
Creators: name: Ulbrich, Marco
name: Scholz, Fanni
name: Braun, Burga
name: Bussert, Robert
name: Flöter, Eckhard
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::660 Chemische Verfahrenstechnik::660 Chemische Verfahrenstechnik
subject: CLSM
subject: HACS
subject: scanning electron microscopy
subject: superstructural features
subject: X‐ray diffraction

description: Aqueous gels based on two high amylose corn starch (HACS) genotypes with different amylose (AM) contents (HYLON V [HACS‐50] and HYLON VII [HACS‐70]) are prepared by gradation of the polymer concentration (6 and 9% w/w) and storage duration (1 and 14 days). The supermolecular structure of the wet gels is investigated by means of confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), and the dried starch gel material examines crystallographically using X‐ray diffraction (XRD) and morphologically using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In particular CLSM reveals that the gel structure shows changes with the storage time. XRD experiments reveal the existence of the B‐type crystalline structure as well as a remarkable portion of the V‐type, and higher crystallinity (Xc) is found after long‐term storage. Observation of the dried gel material's surface facilitates the assumption of a fractal‐based arrangement (structure of retrograded starch) within the starch gel network. The results are discussed closely with obtained data related to the molecular level of the gel matrix involved starch polymers, which are reported in previous publications.
Collisional effects on the formation of the second solar spectrum of the Sr {\sc ii} $λ$4078 line
Creators: name: Deb, C.
name: Derouich, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This work aims to provide key elements to gain better understanding of the formation of the second solar spectrum of the Sr II $λ$4078 line. We show that in a certain range of hydrogen density, the effect of isotropic collisions between Sr II ions with hydrogen atoms is important in determining the polarization of the Sr II $λ$4078 line. The use of an atomic model that neglects the metastable level 4d of Sr II can induce errors of up to 25 \% in the value of the scattering polarization of the solar Sr II $λ$4078 line.
description: Accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics
Vegetation complexity and nesting resource availability predict bee diversity and functional traits in community gardens
Creators: name: Felderhoff, Julia
name: Gathof, Anika K.
name: Buchholz, Sascha
name: Egerer, Monika
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::577 Ökologie
subject: conservation
subject: habitat management; Berlin
subject: pollinators
subject: urban ecosystems
subject: urbanization

description: Urban gardens can support diverse bee communities through resource provision in resource poor environments. Yet the effects of local habitat and landscape factors on wild bee communities in cities is still insufficiently understood, nor is how this information could be applied to urban wildlife conservation. Here we investigate how taxonomic and functional diversity of wild bees and their traits in urban community gardens are related to garden factors and surrounding landscape factors (e.g., plant diversity, amount of bare ground, amount of nesting resources, amount of landscape imperviousness). Using active and passive methods in 18 community gardens in Berlin, Germany, we documented 26 genera and 102 species of bees. We found that higher plant species richness and plant diversity as well as higher amounts of deadwood in gardens leads to higher numbers of wild bee species and bee (functional) diversity. Furthermore, higher landscape imperviousness surrounding gardens correlates with more cavity nesting bees, whereas a higher amount of bare ground correlates with more ground‐nesting bees. Pollen specialization was positively associated with plant diversity, but no factors strongly predicted the proportion of endangered bees. Our results suggest that, aside from foraging resources, nesting resources should be implemented in management for more pollinator‐friendly gardens. If designed and managed using such evidence‐based strategies, urban gardens can create valuable foraging and nesting habitats for taxonomically and functionally diverse bee communities in cities.
Hidden dynamic allostery in a PDZ domain
Creators: name: Sapienza, P. J.
name: Lee, A. L.
name: Fuentes, E. J.
name: Petit, C. M.
name: Zhang, J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Structure–function relationships in proteins are predicated on the spatial proximity of noncovalently interacting groups of atoms. Thus, structural elements located away from a protein's active site are typically presumed to serve a stabilizing or scaffolding role for the larger structure. Here we report a functional role for a distal structural element in a PDZ domain, even though it is not required to maintain PDZ structure. The third PDZ domain from PSD-95/SAP90 (PDZ3) has an unusual additional third alpha helix (α3) that packs in contiguous fashion against the globular domain. Although α3 lies outside the active site and does not make direct contact with C-terminal peptide ligand, removal of α3 reduces ligand affinity by 21-fold. Further investigation revealed that the difference in binding free energies between the full-length and truncated constructs is predominantly entropic in nature and that without α3, picosecond-nanosecond side-chain dynamics are enhanced throughout the domain, as determined by 2H methyl NMR relaxation. Thus, the distal modulation of binding function appears to occur via a delocalized conformational entropy mechanism. Without removal of α3 and characterization of side-chain dynamics, this dynamic allostery would have gone unnoticed. Moreover, what appeared at first to be an artificial modification of PDZ3 has been corroborated by experimentally verified phosphorylation of α3, revealing a tangible biological mechanism for this novel regulatory scheme. This hidden dynamic allostery raises the possibility of as-yet unidentified or untapped allosteric regulation in this PDZ domain and is a very clear example of function arising from dynamics rather than from structure.
Power Profiling of Machine Learning Accelerators using MLPerf
Creators: name: Alge, Nikolas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: power analysis, machine learning, embedded systems,

description: There exists a vast amount of possibilities of hardware platforms and models when implementing a machine learning
 problem. In order to be able to choose the best approach, an estimator of important parameters like latency, power
 consumption and accuracy would be beneficial. To build such a tool, it is necessary to characterize hardware and models
 first. This is done in this work by reproducing the results of a study that examines the Google Coral USB Accelerator
 and the Intel Neural Compute Stick 2. Especially, the power consumption is looked at in more detail by using a sampling
 rate of 100kS/s. The findings include power profiles of the mentioned hardware accelerators executing MobileNetV1
 and Inception V1 by means of the MLPerf Inference benchmark. Additionally, the accuracy and latency are examined
 and the results are compared to the related study. Moreover, a measurement setup, including a USB dongle for simple
 and reliable data acquisition, is presented. A sampling rate of 500kS/s allows it to evaluate each individual layer of a
 model regarding power and latency during inference. The presented work serves as a basis for further investigations in
 the field of parameter estimation.
Decoupling mixed modes: Stretched frequency recovers pure p modes
Creators: name: Li, Yaguang
name: Ong, Joel
name: Huber, Daniel
name: van Saders, Jennifer
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Non-radial oscillations in red giants exhibit mixed character due to the coupling of p and g modes. This results in uneven spacings in both periods and frequencies for these mixed modes, complicating the analysis of p- or g-mode cavities. An existing technique — the stretched period — aims to transform mixed-mode frequencies into the underlying true g-mode frequencies. This enables direct analysis of g-mode period spacings, buoyancy glitches, as well as rotational and magnetic splittings. In this work, we introduce a complementary approach — the stretched frequency — that reconstructs the true p-mode frequencies from mixed modes. We demonstrate its important applications, including (1) the mode identification of dipolar mixed modes, (2) the identification of acoustic glitches using non-radial modes, and (3) the accurate correction of surface effects for mixed modes, without order shifting as encountered in standard methods that rely solely on mode inertia. The newly introduced stretched frequency method, along with the stretched period, forms a new array of methods that fully decouple the information from mixed modes for the first time, providing insights into the oscillation properties of red giants and better tools for stellar modeling.
Identification of a consensus motif in substrates bound by a Type I Hsp40
Creators: name: Ren, H.-Y.
name: Kota, P.
name: Dokholyan, N. V.
name: Cyr, D. M.
name: Summers, D. W.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Protein aggregation is a hallmark of a large and diverse number of conformational diseases. Molecular chaperones of the Hsp40 family (Escherichia coli DnaJ homologs) recognize misfolded disease proteins and suppress the accumulation of toxic protein species. Type I Hsp40s are very potent at suppressing protein aggregation and facilitating the refolding of damaged proteins. Yet, the molecular mechanism for the recognition of nonnative polypeptides by Type I Hsp40s such as yeast Ydj1 is not clear. Here we computationally identify a unique motif that is selectively recognized by Ydj1p. The motif is characterized by the consensus sequence GX[LMQ]{P}X{P}{CIMPVW}, where [XY] denotes either X or Y and {XY} denotes neither X nor Y. We further verify the validity of the motif by site-directed mutagenesis and show that substrate binding by Ydj1 requires recognition of this motif. A yeast proteome screen revealed that many proteins contain more than one stretch of residues that contain the motif and are separated by varying numbers of amino acids. In light of our results, we propose a 2-site peptide-binding model and a plausible mechanism of peptide presentation by Ydj1p to the chaperones of the Hsp70 family. Based on our results, and given that Ydj1p and its human ortholog Hdj2 are functionally interchangeable, we hypothesize that our results can be extended to understanding human diseases.
Independent saturation of three TrpRS subsites generates a partially assembled state similar to those observed in molecular simulations
Creators: name: Delarue, Marc
name: Koehl, Patrice
name: Carter, Charles W.
name: Vonrhein, Clemens
name: Kapustina, Maryna
name: Laowanapiban, Poramaet
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Two new crystal structures of Bacillus stearothermophilus tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase (TrpRS) afford evidence that a closed interdomain hinge angle requires a covalent bond between AMP and an occupant of either pyrophosphate or tryptophan subsite. They also are within experimental error of a cluster of structures observed in a nonequilibrium molecular dynamics simulation showing partial active-site assembly. Further, the highest energy structure in a minimum action pathway computed by using elastic network models for Open and Pretransition state (PreTS) conformations for the fully liganded TrpRS monomer is intermediate between that simulated structure and a partially disassembled structure from a nonequilibrium molecular dynamics trajectory for the unliganded PreTS. These mutual consistencies provide unexpected validation of inferences drawn from molecular simulations.
Kinematics of a globular cluster with an extended profile: NGC5694
Creators: name: Bellazzini, M.
name: Mucciarelli, A.
name: Sollima, A.
name: Catelan, M.
name: Dalessandro, E.
name: Correnti, M.
name: D'Orazi, V.
name: Cortes, C.
name: Amigo, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a study of the kinematics of the remote globular cluster NGC5694 based on GIRAFFE@VLT medium resolution spectra. A sample of 165 individual stars selected to lie on the Red Giant Branch in the cluster Color Magnitude Diagram was considered. Using radial velocity and metallicity from Calcium triplet, we were able to select 83 bona-fide cluster members. The addition of six previously known members leads to a total sample of 89 cluster giants with typical uncertainties <1.0 km/s in their radial velocity estimates. The sample covers a wide range of projected distances from the cluster center, from ~0.2 arcmin to 6.5 arcmin = 23 half-light radii (r_h). We find only very weak rotation, as typical of metal-poor globular clusters. The velocity dispersion gently declines from a central value of sigma=6.1 km/s to sigma = 2.5 km/s at ~2 arcmin = 7.1= r_h, then it remainins flat out to the next (and last) measured point of the dispersion profile, at ~4 arcmin = 14.0 r_h, at odds with the predictions of isotropic King models. We show that both isotropic single-mass non-collisional models and multi-mass anisotropic models can reproduce the observed surface brightness and velocity dispersion profiles.
description: Accepted for publication by MNRAS. Pdflatex, 10 pages, 10 figures
A Minimal Light‐Driven System to Study the Enzymatic CO2 Reduction of Formate Dehydrogenase
Creators: name: Laun, Konstantin
name: Duffus, Benjamin R.
name: Kumar, Hemant
name: Oudsen, Jean‐Pierre H.
name: Karafoulidi‐Retsou, Chara
name: Tadjoung Waffo, Armel
name: Hildebrandt, Peter
name: Hoang Ly, Khoa
name: Leimkühler, Silke
name: Katz, Sagie
name: Zebger, Ingo
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften
subject: CO2 reduction
subject: EDTA
subject: IR spectroscopy
subject: molybdoenzyme
subject: photosensitizer

description: A minimal light‐driven approach was established for studying enzymatic CO2 conversion spectroscopically. The system consists of a photosensitizer Eosin Y, EDTA as a sacrificial electron donor and substrate source, and formate dehydrogenase from Rhodobacter capsulatus (RcFDH) as a biocatalyst. This simplified three‐component system provides a photo‐triggered control for in situ characterization of the entire catalytic reaction. Direct reduction of RcFDH by the photosensitizer without additional electron carriers was confirmed via UV‐Vis spectroscopy, while GC‐MS and IR spectroscopy were used to follow photoinduced CO2 generation from EDTA and its subsequent enzymatic reduction, yielding the product formate. Photo‐driven and in vitro, dye‐based CO2 reduction was inhibited by azide under a mixed (competitive‐non‐competitive) inhibition mode. IR spectroscopy reveals displacement of the competitively‐bound azide by CO2, reflecting an interaction of both with the active site cofactor. This work comprises a proof‐of‐concept for a new approach to employ light for regulating the reaction of formate dehydrogenases and other CO2 reductases.
Statistical diagnostics to identify Galactic foregrounds in B-mode maps
Creators: name: Kamionkowski, Marc
name: Kovetz, Ely D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent developments in the search for inflationary gravitational waves in the cosmic microwave background (CMB) polarization motivate the search for new diagnostics to distinguish the Galactic foreground contribution to B modes from the cosmic signal. We show that B modes from these foregrounds should exhibit a local hexadecapolar departure in power from statistical isotropy (SI). We present a simple algorithm to search for a uniform SI violation of this sort, as may arise in a sufficiently small patch of sky. We then show how to search for these effects if the orientation of the SI violation varies across the survey region, as is more likely to occur in surveys with more sky coverage. If detected, these departures from Gaussianity would indicate some level of Galactic foreground contamination in the B-mode maps. Given uncertainties about foreground properties, though, caution should be exercised in attributing a null detection to an absence of foregrounds.
description: 5 pages; version accepted to PRL
Stokes $IQUV$ magnetic Doppler imaging of Ap stars - III. Next generation chemical abundance mapping of Alpha 2 CVn
Creators: name: Silvester, James
name: Kochukhov, Oleg
name: Wade, Gregg A
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a previous paper we presented an updated magnetic field map for the chemically peculiar star Alpha 2 CVn using ESPaDOnS and Narval time-resolved high-resolution Stokes $IQUV$ spectra. In this paper we focus on mapping various chemical element distributions on the surface of Alpha 2 CVn. With the new magnetic field map and new chemical abundance distributions we can investigate the interplay between the chemical abundance structures and the magnetic field topology on the surface of Alpha 2 CVn. Previous attempts at chemical abundance mapping of Alpha 2 CVn relied on lower resolution data. With our high resolution (R=65,000) dataset we present nine chemical abundance maps for the elements O, Si, Cl, Ti, Cr, Fe, Pr, Nd and Eu. We also derive an updated magnetic field map from Fe and Cr lines in Stokes $IQUV$ and O and Cl in Stokes $IV$. These new maps are inferred from line profiles in Stokes $IV$ using the magnetic Doppler imaging code Invers10. We examine these new chemical maps and investigate correlations with the magnetic topology of Alpha 2 CVn. We show that chemical abundance distributions vary between elements, with two distinct groups of elements; one accumulates close to the negative part of the radial field, whilst the other group shows higher abundances located where the radial magnetic field is on the order of 2 kG regardless of the polarity of the radial field component. We compare our results with previous works which have mapped chemical abundance structures of Ap stars. With the exception of Cr and Fe, we find no clear trend between what we reconstruct and other mapping results. We also find a lack of agreement with theoretical predictions. This suggests that there is a gap in our theoretical understanding of the formation of horizontal chemical abundance structures and the connection to the magnetic field in Ap stars.
description: 14 Pages, 8 Figures, Accepted in MNRAS
Talbot self-imaging in $\mathcal{PT}$-symmetric complex crystals
Creators: name: Longhi, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Talbot effect, i.e. the self-imaging property of a periodic wave in near-field diffraction, is a remarkable interference phenomenon in paraxial systems with continuous translational invariance. In crystals, i.e. systems with discrete translational invariance, self-imaging has been regarded so far as a seldom effect, restricted to special sets of initial field distributions. Here it is shown that in a class of gapless $\mathcal{PT}$-symmetric complex crystals at the symmetry breaking threshold Talbot revivals can arise for almost any initial periodic wave distribution which is commensurate with the lattice period. A possible experimental realization of commensurate Talbot self-imaging for light pulses in complex 'temporal' crystals, realized in an optical dispersive fiber loop with amplitude and phase modulators, is briefly discussed.
description: 11 pages, 5 figure
On the equivalence of state transformer semantics and predicate transformer semantics
Creators: name: Keimel, Klaus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: G. Plotkin and the author have worked out the equivalence between state transformer semantics and predicate transformer semantics in a domain theoretical setting for programs combining nondeterminism and probability. Works of C. Morgan and co-authors, Keimel, Rosenbusch and Streicher, already go in the same direction using only discrete state spaces. It is the aim of this paper to exhibit a general framework in which one can hope that state transformer semantics and predicate transformer semantics are equivalent. We use a notion of entropicity borrowed from universal algebra and a relaxed setting adapted to the domain theoretical situation.
title: Ανάπτυξη συστήματος ελέγχου για την αναισθησία ασθενών
Creators: name: Κοφινα Νικολετα-Υπαπαντη
Publisher: name: Technical University of Crete
Year: 2022

description: Η σύγχρονη ιατρική έχει πραγματοποιήσει μεγάλα βήματα προς την καλύτερη και γρηγορότερη περίθαλψη των ασθενών. Σημαντικό ρόλο σε αυτή την εξέλιξη έχουν διαδραματίσει οι καινοτόμες τεχνολογίες οι οποίες βασίζονται στην αυτοματοποίηση. Στόχος της εισαγωγής της αυτοματοποίησης στον κλάδο της ιατρικής είναι η μείωση του ανθρώπινου σφάλματος καθώς και η βελτίωση των συνθηκών εργασίας των γιατρών (ειδικά σε ημέρες προγραμματισμένων χειρουργικών επεμβάσεων). Βεβάιως, είναι πολύ σημαντικό να τονισθεί  ότι η αυτοματοποίηση δεν πρέπει αλλά ούτε και δύναται να αντικαταστήσει πλήρως το εξειδικευμένο ιατρικό προσωπικό. Εντούτοις, ένα δυναμικό σύστημα, όπως είναι αυτό μιας χειρουργικής επέμβασης, χρήζει γρήγορων αποφάσεων, οι οποίες βασίζονται πολλές φορές σε εμπειρικά κριτήρια που είναι δύσκολο να κωδικοποιηθούν. Στα πλαίσια αυτά, το θέμα της συγκεκριμένης μελέτης, αποτελεί η μοντελοποίηση και η ανάπτυξη ενός κατάλληλου συστήματος ελέγχου για την ολική αναισθησία. Πιο συγκεκριμένα, μελετάται εις βάθος η περίπτωση ενός συστήματος ελέγχου ανάδρασης στην διαδικασία της νευρομυϊκής απόκλισης κατά την διάρκεια μιας χειρουργικής επέμβασης. Η δημιουργία ενός τέτοιου συστήματος ελέγχου απαιτεί κατανόηση τόσο της διαδικασίας της αναισθησίας όσο και της λειτουργίας του ανθρώπινου οργανισμού όταν βρίσκεται υπό την επήρεια αναισθητικών φαρμάκων και χειρουργείται. Η ολοκληρωμένη ανάλυση της διαδικασίας της αναισθησίας και των λειτουργιών του ανθρώπινου οργανισμού, ανοίγει το δρόμο για την μαθηματικοποίηση του συστήματος, βάσει της οποίας δημιουργείται το σύστημα ελέγχου στο πρώτο μέρος της διπλωματικής το οποίο και εκτιμάται με χρήση των μεθόδων «Ziegler – Nichols» και «Συνθεσης Ελεγκτών με βάση το μαθηματικό πρότυπο». Η κωδικοποίηση πραγματοποιείται στο λογισμικό  Matlab και μέσω οπτικοποίησης των αποτελεσμάτων αναλύεται και επιλέγεται το κατάλληλο σύστημα ελέγχου για την νευρομυϊκή απόκλιση ενός ασθενή κατά την διάρκεια μιας τυπικής χειρουργικής επέμβασης. Για την εξακρίβωση των αποτελεσμάτων αξιοποιήθηκαν τα δεδομένα της βιβλιογραφίας από 12 ασθενείς. Με βάση την παρούσα μελέτη, μπορεί να αποδειχθεί ότι η ανάρρωση του ασθενούς γίνεται ταχύτερα και ο φόρτος εργασίας του αναισθησιολόγου μειώνεται.
Initial formation of an indigenous crop complex in eastern North America at 3800 B.P
Creators: name: Yarnell, R. A.
name: Smith, B. D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Although geneticists and archaeologists continue to make progress world-wide in documenting the time and place of the initial domestication of a growing number of plants and animals, far less is known regarding the critically important context of coalescence of various species into distinctive sets or complexes of domesticates in each of the world's 10 or more independent centers of agricultural origin. In this article, the initial emergence of a crop complex is described for one of the best-documented of these independent centers, eastern North America (ENA). Before 4000 B.P. there is no indication of a crop complex in ENA, only isolated evidence for single indigenous domesticate species. By 3800 B.P., however, at least 5 domesticated seed-bearing plants formed a coherent complex in the river valley corridors of ENA. Accelerator mass spectrometer radiocarbon dates and reanalysis of archaeobotanical assemblages from a short occupation of the Riverton Site in Illinois documents the contemporary cultivation at 3800 B.P. of domesticated bottle gourd (Lagenaria siceraria), marshelder (Iva annua var. macrocarpa), sunflower (Helianthus annuus var. macrocarpus), and 2 cultivated varieties of chenopod (Chenopodium berlandieri), as well as the possible cultivation of Cucurbita pepo squash and little barley (Hordeum pusillum). Rather than marking either an abrupt developmental break or a necessary response to population-packing or compressed resource catchments, the coalescence of an initial crop complex in ENA appears to reflect an integrated expansion and enhancement of preexisting hunting and gathering economies that took place within a context of stable long-term adaptation to resource-rich river valley settings.
Spectral, photometric, and dynamic analysis of eight Draconid meteors
Creators: name: Borovička, Jiří
name: Koten, Pavel
name: Shrbený, Lukáš
name: Štork, Rostislav
name: Hornoch, Kamil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyzed spectra, trajectories, orbits, light curves, and decelerations of eight Draconid meteors observed from Northern Italy on October 8, 2011. Meteor morphologies of two of the meteors are also presented, one of them obtained with a high resolution camera. Meteor radiants agree with theoretical predictions, with a hint that some meteors may belong to the pre-1900 meteoroid trails. The spectra confirm that Draconids have normal chondritic composition of main elements (Mg, Fe, Na). There are, nevertheless, differences in the temporal evolution of Na line emission. The differences are correlated with the shapes of the light curves and the deceleration rates. Our data confirm that Draconids are porous conglomerates of grains, nevertheless, significant differences in the atmospheric fragmentation of cm-sized Draconids were found. Various textures with various resistance to fragmentation exist among Draconid meteoroids and even within single meteoroids.
description: Accepted in Earth, Moon, and Planets; 17 pages, 11 figures
Ecological Land Units (ELUs)
Creators: name: Sayre, Roger
Publisher: name: GEO Knowledge Hub
Year: 2022
Subjects: global ecosystems
terrestrial ecosystems
mapping ecosystems
conservation

description: The Ecological Land Units (ELUs) resource, produced by the U.S. Geological Survey and Esri, is a 250 m global raster characterization of distinct terrestrial ecological settings. The ELUs are a combination of four inputs: climate region, landform, lithology, and land cover class. These inputs represent the primary abiotic and biotic elements of terrestrial ecosystems, and geospatial combination of these four inputs follows an ecosystem structure-based mapping approach. After combining and grouping similar combinations, almost 4000 distinct ELUs were delineated. The ELU resource allows for the query of any 250 m land pixel on the planet for its climate attributes, landform type, lithological character, and the vegetation that is found there in response to the environmental characteristics. In addition to the data, the Ecological Land Units GEO Knowledge Hub also contains other knowledge products (publications, online explorer tools, etc.) related to the ELU resource.
title: Computational Analysis of Gene Expression and Connectivity Patterns in the Convoluted Structures of Mouse Cerebellum
Creators: name: Zeng, Tao
Publisher: name: Old Dominion University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: One significant difference between evolved mammalian brains and other species is that mammalian brains exhibit increasingly convoluted structures in the cerebral cortex. Groove and ridge shaped structures named gyri and sulci expand surface area of cerebral cortex, making more functions possible. Prior studies using neuroimaging techniques such as dMRI and DTI have revealed that neural fibers are heavily connected to gyri comparing to those connected to sulci, such macro-scale experiments indicates that gyri are involved in large scale information processing while sulci process information locally. However, molecular and cellar level evidences, namely, gene expression pattern and its resulting neuronal connectivity pertaining to such findings are still lacking. The Allen Mouse Brain Connectivity Atlas provides a comprehensive mouse brain neuronal connectivity map, which is build from brain-wide injection sites via anterograde tracers coupled with serial two-photon tomography. In addition, the Allen Mouse Brain Atlas offers a genome-wide gene expression database built upon a series of in situ hybridization images covering whole mouse brain. These concurrent and co-registered datasets provide an unparalleled opportunity for systematically analyzing and characterizing spatial neuronal connectivity and gene expression patterns. Inspired by recent macro-scale neuroimaging results showing that there are significantly different structural and functional connectivity patterns on the gyri and sulci of cerebral cortex in primate brains, this thesis research systematically examines the axonal connectivity and gene expression patterns on gyri and sulci of the cerebellum. the results demonstrate that the cerebellum gyri and sulci of rodent brains are significantly different in both axonal connectivity and gene expression patterns. This discovery enriches and extends prior findings in macro-scale neuroimaging studies in primates. Additionally, this work offers novel insights on the molecular and structural architectures of the cerebellum in particular and the brain in general.
MPEC 2024-S03 : 2017 BG241
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
LKB1 regulates polarity remodeling and adherens junction formation in the Drosophila eye
Creators: name: Martin, S.
name: Brenman, J.
name: Amin, N.
name: McNeill, H.
name: St. Johnston, D.
name: Tomlinson, I.
name: Khan, A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: The serine–threonine kinase LKB1 regulates cell polarity from Caenorhabditis elegans to man. Loss of lkb1 leads to a cancer predisposition, known as Peutz–Jeghers Syndrome. Biochemical analysis indicates that LKB1 can phosphorylate and activate a family of AMPK- like kinases, however, the precise contribution of these kinases to the establishment and maintenance of cell polarity is still unclear. Recent studies propose that LKB1 acts primarily through the AMP kinase to establish and/or maintain cell polarity. To determine whether this simple model of how LKB1 regulates cell polarity has relevance to complex tissues, we examined lkb1 mutants in the Drosophila eye. We show that adherens junctions expand and apical, junctional, and basolateral domains mix in lkb1 mutants. Surprisingly, we find LKB1 does not act primarily through AMPK to regulate cell polarity in the retina. Unlike lkb1 mutants, ampk retinas do not show elongated rhabdomeres or expansion of apical and junctional markers into the basolateral domain. In addition, nutrient deprivation does not reveal a more dramatic polarity phenotype in lkb1 photoreceptors. These data suggest that AMPK is not the primary target of LKB1 during eye development. Instead, we find that a number of other AMPK-like kinase, such as SIK, NUAK, Par-1, KP78a, and KP78b show phenotypes similar to weak lkb1 loss of function in the eye. These data suggest that in complex tissues, LKB1 acts on an array of targets to regulate cell polarity.
Loss of cryptochrome reduces cancer risk in p53 mutant mice
Creators: name: Ozturk, Nuri
name: Lee, Jin Hyup
name: Sancar, Aziz
name: Gaddameedhi, Shobhan
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: It is commonly thought that disruption of the circadian clock increases the cancer incidence in humans and mice. However, it was found that disruption of the clock by the Cryptochrome (Cry) mutation in mice did not increase cancer rate in the mutant mice even after exposing the animals to ionizing radiation. Therefore, in this study we tested the effect of the Cry mutation on carcinogenesis in a mouse strain prone to cancer because of a p53 mutation, with the expectation that clock disruption in this sensitized background would further increase cancer risk. Paradoxically, we find that the Cry mutation protects p53 mutant mice from the early onset of cancer and extends their median lifespan ≈50%, in part by sensitizing p53 mutant cells to apoptosis in response to genotoxic stress. These results suggest alternative therapeutic approaches in management of cancers associated with a p53 mutation.
Heuristic rule for binary superlattice coassembly: Mixed plastic mesophases of hard polyhedral nanoparticles
Creators: name: Khadilkar, Mihir R.
name: Escobedo, Fernando A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Sought-after ordered structures of mixtures of hard anisotropic nanoparticles can often be thermodynamically unfavorable due to the components' geometric incompatibility to densely pack into regular lattices. A simple compatibilization rule is identified wherein the particle sizes are chosen such that the order-disorder transition pressures of the pure components match (and the entropies of the ordered phases are similar). Using this rule with representative polyhedra from the truncated-cube family that form pure-component plastic-crystals, Monte Carlo simulations show the formation of plastic-solid solutions for all compositions and for a wide range of volume fractions.
Terms of Use and License for the Research Data Repository (RDR) of Universität Hamburg (UHH)
Creators: name: Wörner, Kai
Publisher: name: Universität Hamburg
Year: 2022
Subjects: terms, tos

description: Terms of Use and License for the Research Data Repository (RDR) of Universität Hamburg (UHH) A German version is available at https://doi.org/10.25592/uhhfdm.1 Revision history: 6.0: curation exemplified, switched from html to markdown as input format. 5.1: typo-corrected version, HTML added.
 5.0: first archived version. Older versions only exist as part of the repository source code.
We know a lot about little and little about a lot: a contextualized scoping review on injury prevention in alpine ski racing
Creators: name: Verhagen, Evert
name: Spörri, Jörg
name: Gouttebarge, Vincent
name: Monsonís, Oriol Bonell
name: Bolling, Caroline
Publisher: name: OSF Registries
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Sports Medicine
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Medical Specialties
subject: alpine ski racing
subject: alpine skiing
subject: competitive
subject: contextual factors
subject: epidemiology
subject: implementation
subject: injury
subject: injury aetiology
subject: injury prevention strategies
subject: injury risk profile
subject: knowledge gaps
subject: prevention

description: OBJECTIVES AND APPROACH Goal of the review: The primary aim is to summarize and contextualize the available literature on alpine ski racing injury epidemiology, injury etiology, injury prevention measures, injury prevention context and implementation issues. Aims of the study: (1) To describe the context, design, methods and study timeline of the available literature on injuries, their risk factors and mechanism, and prevention in elite alpine skiing; (2) To identify the injury risk factors, inciting events, and injury mechanisms as described in current literature; (3) To identify and describe evidence-based intervention strategies for injury prevention in elite alpine skiing; (4) To contextualise the available evidence on injury prevention in elite alpine skiing literature; and (5) To provide direction for future research based on the current evidence shortcomings. How will we do this? • To categorise injury risk factors and intervention strategies using The Translating Research into Injury Prevention Practice (TRIPP) framework for research leading to real-world sports injury prevention and a modified and adapted version of the Haddon matrix as a conceptual framework for injury causation and prevention.
Terms of Use and License for the Research Data Repository (RDR) of Universität Hamburg (UHH)
Creators: name: Wörner, Kai
Publisher: name: Universität Hamburg
Year: 2022
Subjects: terms

description: Terms of Use and License for the Research Data Repository (RDR) of Universität Hamburg (UHH) A German version is available at https://doi.org/10.25592/uhhfdm.1