cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Discovery of a Nearly Edge-On Disk Around HD 32297
Creators: name: Schneider, Glenn
name: Silverstone, Murray D.
name: Hines, Dean C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the discovery of a nearly edge-on disk about the A0 star HD 32297 seen in light scattered by the disk grains revealed in NICMOS PSF-subtracted coronagraphic images. The disk extends to a distance of at least 400 AU (3.3") along its major axis with a 1.1 micron flux density of 4.81 +/-0.57 mJy beyond a radius of 0.3" from the coronagraphically occulted star. The fraction of 1.1 micron starlight scattered by the disk, 0.0033 +/- 0.0004, is comparable to its fractional excess emission at 25 + 60 micron of ~ 0.0027 as measured from IRAS data. The disk appears to be inclined 10.5 degrees +/- 2.5 degrees from an edge-on viewing geometry, with its major axis oriented 236.5 degrees +/- 1 degree eastward of north. The disk exhibits unequal brightness in opposing sides and a break in the surface brightness profile along NE-side disk major axis. Such asymmetries might implicate the existence of one or more (unseen) planetary mass companions.
description: 12 pages, 2 figures, accepted for publication in ApJL
Genetic analysis of snowshoe hare population structure
Creators: name: Burton, Cole
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Snowshoe hares are distributed throughout the boreal forests of North America and play a key role in the functioning of these ecosystems. Very little is known about the social and genetic structure of snowshoe hare populations. In this thesis, I used seven microsatellite DNA markers to investigate three levels of hare population structure: mating structure, social structure and geographic structure. I sampled 382 hares at 12 sites in southwestern Yukon (separated by 3-140 km) from April to August 1999, during a peak phase of the 10-year hare cycle. I also obtained samples from interior Alaska (n = 27) and western Montana (n = 19) for comparison. Genetic diversity was high, with 5 to 37 alleles per locus (mean = 13.4) and an overall expected heterozygosity of 0.67. At the level of mating structure, the genotypes of 65 newborn hares from 17 litters indicated that multiple paternity occurred at a low to moderate frequency (-25-30%), and that reproductive success was fairly widespread among male hares. In terms of social structure, the comparison of genetic relatedness with spacing behaviour among 68 hares on two 7.3 ha grids revealed that average group relatedness was low, and that related hares were not more likely to associate with each other than non-related hares. At a larger geographic scale I found significant genetic heterogeneity. The degree of genetic differentiation was low among Yukon sites (FST = 0.015) and between Yukon and Alaska (FST = 0.012); however the Montana site was highly differentiated (FST = 0.20). Geographic distance and landscape barriers explained some of the genetic differentiation between sites, but in general were poor predictors of geographic genetic structure. The indication of considerable long-distance gene flow implies that previous field observations may have underestimated dispersal, but confirms that hare dispersal is widespread, successful and equal between the sexes. The results of all three levels of investigation suggest that snowshoe hares have little population structure in southwestern Yukon during a cyclic peak phase. Hares do not form stable breeding groups, do not live in kin clusters, and do not experience significant social or physical barriers to gene flow across large areas. Future studies focusing on different phases of the hare cycle, and different regions, will be critical for understanding the mechanisms that shape the genetic structure of snowshoe hare populations.
title: Exploring Memory Access Patterns for Graph Processing Accelerators
Creators: name: Dann, Jonas
name: Ritter, Daniel
name: Fröning, Holger
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik, Bonn
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: DRAM
subject: FPGA
subject: Graph processing
subject: Irregular memory access patterns
subject: Simulation

description: Recent trends in business and technology (e.g., machine learning, social network analysis) benefit from storing and processing growing amounts of graph-structured data in databases and data science platforms. FPGAs as accelerators for graph processing with a customizable memory hierarchy promise solving performance problems caused by inherent irregular memory access patterns on traditional hardware (e.g., CPU). However, developing such hardware accelerators is yet time-consuming and difficult and benchmarking is non-standardized, hindering comprehension of the impact of memory access pattern changes and systematic engineering of graph processing accelerators. In this work, we propose a simulation environment for the analysis of graph processing accelerators based on simulating their memory access patterns. Further, we evaluate our approach on two state-of-the-art FPGA graph processing accelerators and show reproducibility, comparablity, as well as the shortened development process by an example. Not implementing the cycle-accurate internal data flow on accelerator hardware like FPGAs significantly reduces the implementation time, increases the benchmark parameter transparency, and allows comparison of graph processing approaches.
Field-driven solid-on-solid interfaces moving under a stochastic Arrhenius dynamic: effects of the barrier height
Creators: name: Buendia, G. M.
name: Rikvold, P. A.
name: Kolesik, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present analytical results and kinetic Monte Carlo simulations for the mobility and microscopic structure of solid-on-solid (SOS) interfaces driven far from equilibrium by an external force, such as an applied field or (electro)chemical potential difference. The interfaces evolve under a specific stochastic dynamic with a local energy barrier (an Arrhenius dynamic), known as the transition dynamics approximation (TDA). We calculate the average height of steps on the interface, the average interface velocity, and the skewness of the interface as functions of the driving force and the height of the energy barrier. We find that the microscopic interface structure depends quite strongly on the barrier height. As the barrier becomes higher, the local interface width decreases and the skewness increases, suggesting increasing short-range correlations between the step heights.
description: 6 pages, 5 figs. RevTex
Assessing Farmers’ Perceptions and Satisfaction with Agricultural Produce Market Committees (APMCs) in Northern Telangana
Creators: name: Tumma, Shyam Sunder
name: Miryala, Ramesh Kumar
name: M, Rameshwar Rao
name: Gade, Jayaprakashnarayana
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 300205
subject: Agricultural production systems simulation
classificationCode: 300204
subject: Agricultural management of nutrients
classificationCode: 300203
subject: Agricultural land planning
classificationCode: 300202
subject: Agricultural land management

description: This study examines the perceptions and satisfaction of farmers in Northern Telangana have regarding the services provided by Agricultural Produce Market Committees (APMCs). APMC services are meant to help farmers get fair prices, proper storage, and smooth transportation of their crops. However, farmers often need help with issues like inadequate storage, poor transportation, and unfair practices by intermediaries. The study involved surveying 752 farmers from six APMCs: Dharmaram, Gollapalli, Bhainsa, Khanapur, Sarangapur, and Choppadandi. It aimed to understand farmers' opinions on APMC services and their satisfaction with pricing, storage, conflict resolution, and market access. The study reveals significant dissatisfaction with storage and transportation facilities and felt the need to improve them. Further, it was found that there is a need for transparent auction practices and reduced influence of intermediaries to improve farmers' satisfaction.
On the Origin of Metal-poor Stars in the Solar Neighborhood
Creators: name: Sahin, Timur
name: Bilir, Selcuk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We determined the ages, the kinematic parameters and Galactic orbital parameters of six metal-poor (-2.4
description: 50 pages, including 13 figures and 16 tables, accepted for publication in ApJ
Multiple phases in a generalized Gross-Witten-Wadia matrix model
Creators: name: Russo, Jorge G.
name: Tierz, Miguel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a unitary matrix model of the Gross-Witten-Wadia type, extended with the addition of characteristic polynomial insertions. The model interpolates between solvable unitary matrix models and is the unitary counterpart of a deformed Cauchy ensemble. Exact formulas for the partition function and Wilson loops are given in terms of Toeplitz determinants and minors and large $N$ results are obtained by using Szegö theorem with a Fisher-Hartwig singularity. In the large $N$ (planar) limit with two scaled couplings, the theory exhibits a surprisingly intricate phase structure in the two-dimensional parameter space.
description: 22 pages
A Strategic Approach to the Implementation of Precision Agriculture Principles in Cash Crop Farming
Creators: name: Maine, Ntsikane
name: Nell, Wilhelm T.
name: Maine, Ntsikane
name: Nell, Wilhelm T.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Precision agriculture
subject: Strategic approach
subject: Farming
subject: Farming success

description: Precision agriculture is one of the important agricultural technologies that can assist farmers and managers in promoting long-term success. Precision agriculture can help farm managers increase their management capacity, which is of utmost importance in the highly competitive modern agriculture. Increased yields and/or efficient input use can also be achieved with precision agriculture. Precision agriculture also involve a large capital outlay and requires skills in interpreting the masses of generated data. Modern farmers have to engage in pro-active thinking with regard to suitable agricultural systems that can enhance sustainable success of their farming businesses. Farm managers who are contemplating on getting involved in precision agriculture need to undergo a paradigm shift or a mind shift. This paper proposes a set of guidelines on how the process of implementing precision agriculture can be strategically approached in a holistic way.
Additional file 4 of Examining the implementation of the Icelandic model for primary prevention of substance use in a rural Canadian community: a study protocol
Creators: name: Halsall, Tanya
name: Lachance, Lisa
name: Alfgeir L. Kristjansson
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 4. Youth Advisory interview guide. Semi-structured interview guide questions to be used with the Youth Advisory.
The association of Game Content on Life Satisfaction and Self-Esteem: a cross sectional study
Creators: name: Buljan, Ivan
name: Miletić, Dea
Publisher: name: OSF Registries
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: gaming
subject: life satisfaction
subject: self esteem

description: The primary goal of this research is to explore the relationship between different categories of online game content, including those characterized as violent, cooperative, and educational, and their impact on the well-being and self-esteem of players. By understanding how these distinct game elements influence players' psychological states, we aim to contribute valuable insights to the fields of gaming, mental health, and human-computer interaction. The study seeks to provide a nuanced understanding of the potential effects of specific game content on players' overall well-being and self-perception, fostering a more comprehensive understanding of the role of online gaming in individuals' lives.
title: Data Management in Multi-Agent Simulation Systems
Creators: name: Glake, Daniel
name: Panse, Fabian
name: Ritter, Norbert
name: Clemen, Thomas
name: Lenfers, Ulfia
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik, Bonn
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Multi-agent simulations
subject: Spatio-temporal data
subject: Polyglot data management

description: Multi-agent simulations are an upcoming trend to deal with the urgent need to predict complex situations as they arise in many real-life areas, such as disaster or traffic management. Such simulations require large amounts of heterogeneous data ranging from spatio-temporal to standard object properties. This and the increasing demand for large scale and real-time simulations pose many challenges for data management. In this paper, we present the architecture of a typical agent-based simulation system, describe several data management challenges that arise in such a data ecosystem, and discuss their current solutions within our multi-agent simulation system MARS.
Chemical Abundances in the Secondary Star of the Neutron Star Binary Centaurus X-4
Creators: name: Hernández, Jonay I. González
name: Rebolo, Rafael
name: Israelian, Garik
name: Casares, Jorge
name: Maeda, Keiichi
name: Bonifacio, Piercarlo
name: Molaro, Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using a high resolution spectrum of the secondary star in the neutron star binary {Cen X-4}, we have derived the stellar parameters and veiling caused by the accretion disk in a consistent way. We have used a $χ^{2}$ minimization procedure to explore a grid of 1 500 000 LTE synthetic spectra computed for a plausible range of both stellar and veiling parameters. Adopting the best model parameters found, we have determined atmospheric abundances of Fe, Ca, Ti, Ni and Al. These element abundances are super solar ($\mathrm{[Fe/H]}=0.23 \pm 0.10$), but only the abundance of Ti and Ni appear to be moderately enhanced ($\ge1σ$) as compared with the average values of stars of similar iron content. These element abundances can be explained if the secondary star captured a significant amount of matter ejected from a spherically symmetric supernova explosion of a 4 {$M_\odot$} He core progenitor and assuming solar abundances as primordial abundances in the secondary star. The kinematic properties of the system indicate that the neutron star received a natal kick velocity through an aspherical SN and/or an asymmetric neutrino emission. The former scenario might be ruled out since our model computations cannot produce acceptable fits to the observed abundances. We have also examined whether this system could have formed in the Galactic halo, and our simulations show that this possibility seems unlikely. We also report a new determination of the Li abundance consistent with previous studies that is unusually high and close to the cosmic Li abundance in the Galactic disk.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ
Wavefront errors in a two-beam interferometer
Creators: name: Mana, G
name: Massa, E
name: Sasso, C P
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The paper deals with the impact of wavefront errors, due to the optical aberrations of a two-beam interferometer, on the period of the travelling fringe observed by integrating the interference pattern. A Monte Carlo simulation of the interferometer operation showed that the fringe-period estimate is unbiased if evaluated on the basis of the angular spectrum of the beam entering the interferometer, but the wavefront errors increase the uncertainty.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures
Additional file 3 of Examining the implementation of the Icelandic model for primary prevention of substance use in a rural Canadian community: a study protocol
Creators: name: Halsall, Tanya
name: Lachance, Lisa
name: Alfgeir L. Kristjansson
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 3. Community Coalition interview guide. Semi-structured interview guide questions to be used with the Community Coalition Committee.
Resolution of Gauge Ambiguities in Molecular Cavity Quantum Electrodynamics
Creators: name: Taylor, Michael A. D.
name: Mandal, Arkajit
name: Zhou, Wanghuai
name: Huo, Pengfei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This work provides the fundamental theoretical framework for the molecular cavity Quantum Electrodynamics by resolving the gauge ambiguities between the Coulomb gauge and the dipole gauge Hamiltonian under the electronic state truncation. Our conjecture for the arising of such gauge ambiguity is that not all operators are properly constrained in the truncated electronic subspace. Based upon this conjecture, we construct a unitary transformation that properly constrains all operators in the subspace, and derive an equivalent and yet convenient expression for the Coulomb gauge Hamiltonian under the truncated subspace. We finally provide the analytical and numerical results of a model molecular system coupled to the cavity to demonstrate the validity of our theory.
Hidden AGN in dwarf galaxies revealed by MaNGA: light echoes, off-nuclear wanderers, and a new broad-line AGN
Creators: name: Mezcua, M.
name: Sánchez, H. Domínguez
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Active galactic nuclei (AGN) in dwarf galaxies could possibly host the relics of those early Universe seed black holes that did not grow into supermassive black holes. Using MaNGA integral field unit (IFU) spectroscopy we have found a sample of 37 dwarf galaxies that show AGN ionisation signatures in spatially-resolved emission line diagnostic diagrams. The AGN signatures are largely missed by integrated emission line diagnostics for 23 of them. The bolometric luminosity of these 23 new AGN candidates is $\lesssim 10^{40}$ erg s$^{-1}$, fainter than that of single-fiber SDSS AGN, X-ray AGN, and radio AGN in dwarf galaxies, which stands IFU spectroscopy as a powerful tool for identifying hidden and faint AGN in dwarf galaxies. The AGN emission is in most cases offset from the optical center of the dwarf galaxy and shows a symmetric morphology, which indicates that either the AGN are off-nuclear, that the central emission of the galaxy is dominated by star formation, or that the AGN are turned-off and we are observing a past ionisation burst. One of the new AGN shows a broad H$α$ emission line component, from which we derive a black hole mass in the realm of intermediate-mass black holes. This constitutes the first hidden type 1 AGN discovered in a dwarf galaxy based on IFU spectroscopy. The finding of this sample of hidden and faint AGN has important implications for population studies of AGN in dwarf galaxies and for seed black hole formation models.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ Letters
Additional file 1 of Examining the implementation of the Icelandic model for primary prevention of substance use in a rural Canadian community: a study protocol
Creators: name: Halsall, Tanya
name: Lachance, Lisa
name: Alfgeir L. Kristjansson
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1. Steering Committee interview guide – Spring 2020. Semi-structured interview guide questions to be used with the Steering Committee after the completion of first four core steps of the Icelandic Prevention Model
title: Graph Sampling with Distributed In-Memory Dataflow Systems
Creators: name: Gomez, Kevin
name: Täschner, Matthias
name: Rostami, M. Ali
name: Rost, Christopher
name: Rahm, Erhard
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik, Bonn
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Graph Analytics
subject: Distributed Computing
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Graph Sampling
subject: Data Integration

description: Given a large graph, graph sampling determines a subgraph with similar characteristics for certain metrics of the original graph. The samples are much smaller thereby accelerating and simplifying the analysis and visualization of large graphs. We focus on the implementation of distributed graph sampling for Big Data frameworks and in-memory dataflow systems such as Apache Spark or Apache Flink and evaluate the scalability of the new implementations. The presented methods will be open source and be integrated into Gradoop, a system for distributed graph analytics.
Additional file 2 of Examining the implementation of the Icelandic model for primary prevention of substance use in a rural Canadian community: a study protocol
Creators: name: Halsall, Tanya
name: Lachance, Lisa
name: Alfgeir L. Kristjansson
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 2. Steering Committee interview guide – Spring 2021. Semi-structured interview guide questions to be used with the Steering Committee after the completion of second four core steps of the Icelandic Prevention Model.
Charge ordering in the spinels AlV$_2$O$_4$ and LiV$_2$O$_4$
Creators: name: Zhang, Y. Z.
name: Fulde, P.
name: Thalmeier, P.
name: Yaresko, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a microscopic theory for the charge ordering (CO) transitions in the spinels AlV$_2$O$_4$ and LiV$_2$O$_4$ (under pressure). The high degeneracy of CO states is lifted by a coupling to the rhombohedral lattice deformations which favors transition to a CO state with inequivalent V(1) and V(2) sites forming Kagomé and trigonal planes respectively. We construct an extended Hubbard type model including a deformation potential which is treated in unrestricted Hartree Fock approximation and describes correctly the observed first-order CO transition. We also discuss the influence of associated orbital order. Furthermore we suggest that due to different band fillings AlV$_2$O$_4$ should remain metallic while LiV$_2$O$_4$ under pressure should become a semiconductor when charge disproportionation sets in.
FIREBall-2: The Faint Intergalactic Medium Redshifted Emission Balloon Telescope
Creators: name: Hamden, Erika
name: Martin, D. Christopher
name: Milliard, Bruno
name: Schiminovich, David
name: Nikzad, Shouleh
name: Evrard, Jean
name: Kyne, Gillian
name: Grange, Robert
name: Montel, Johan
name: Pirot, Etienne
name: Hoadley, Keri
name: O'Sullivan, Donal
name: Melso, Nicole
name: Picouet, Vincent
name: Vibert, Didier
name: Balard, Philippe
name: Blanchard, Patrick
name: Crabill, Marty
name: Pascal, Sandrine
name: Mirc, Frederi
name: Bray, Nicolas
name: Jewell, April
name: Bird, Julia Blue
name: Zorilla, Jose
name: Ong, Hwei Ru
name: Matuszewski, Mateusz
name: Lingner, Nicole
name: Augustin, Ramona
name: Limon, Michele
name: Gomes, Albert
name: Tapie, Pierre
name: Soors, Xavier
name: Zenone, Isabelle
name: Saccoccio, Muriel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Faint Intergalactic Medium Redshifted Emission Balloon (FIREBall) is a mission designed to observe faint emission from the circumgalactic medium of moderate redshift (z~0.7) galaxies for the first time. FIREBall observes a component of galaxies that plays a key role in how galaxies form and evolve, likely contains a significant amount of baryons, and has only recently been observed at higher redshifts in the visible. Here we report on the 2018 flight of the FIREBall-2 Balloon telescope, which occurred on September 22nd, 2018 from Fort Sumner, New Mexico. The flight was the culmination of a complete redesign of the spectrograph from the original FIREBall fiber-fed IFU to a wide-field multi-object spectrograph. The flight was terminated early due to a hole in the balloon, and our original science objectives were not achieved. The overall sensitivity of the instrument and telescope was 90,000 LU, due primarily to increased noise from stray light. We discuss the design of the FIREBall-2 spectrograph, modifications from the original FIREBall payload, and provide an overview of the performance of all systems. We were able to successfully flight test a new pointing control system, a UV-optimized, delta-doped and coated EMCCD, and an aspheric grating. The FIREBall-2 team is rebuilding the payload for another flight attempt in the Fall of 2021, delayed from 2020 due to COVID-19.
description: 23 Pages, 14 Figures, Accepted for Publication in ApJ
Fluctuations, strangeness and quasi-quarks in heavy-ion collisions from lattice QCD
Creators: name: Gavai, R. V.
name: Gupta, Sourendu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report measurements of diagonal susceptibilities for the baryon number, chi_B, electrical charge, chi_Q, third component of isospin, chi_I, strangeness, chi_S, and hypercharge, chi_Y, as well as the off-diagonal chi_BQ, chi_BY, chi_BS, etc. We show that the ratios of susceptibilities in the high temperature phase are robust variables, independent of lattice spacing, and therefore give predictions for experiments. We also investigate strangeness production and flavour symmetry breaking matrix elements at finite temperature. Finally, we present evidence that in the high temperature phase of QCD the different flavour quantum numbers are excited in linkages which are exactly the same as one expects from quarks. We present some investigations of these quark-like quasi particles.
title: Towards Resilient Data Management for the Internet of Moving Things
Creators: name: Paz, Elena Beatriz Ouro
name: Zacharatou, Eleni Tzirita
name: Markl, Volker
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik, Bonn
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mobile Stream Processing
subject: Internet-of-Things
subject: Fault Tolerance
subject: Buffering

description: Mobile devices have become ubiquitous; smartphones, tablets and wearables are essential commodities for many people. The ubiquity of mobile devices combined with their ever increasing capabilities, open new possibilities for Internet-of-Things (IoT) applications where mobile devices act as both data generators as well as processing nodes. However, deploying a stream processing system (SPS) over mobile devices is particularly challenging as mobile devices change their position within the network very frequently and are notoriously prone to transient disconnections. To deal with faults arising from disconnections and mobility, existing fault tolerance strategies in SPS are either checkpointing-based or replication-based. Checkpointing-based strategies are too heavyweight for mobile devices, as they save and broadcast state periodically, even when there are no failures. On the other hand, replication-based strategies cannot provide fault tolerance at the level of the data source, as the data source itself cannot be always replicated. Finally, existing systems exclude mobile devices from data processing upon a disconnection even when the duration of the disconnection is very short, thus failing to exploit the computing capabilities of the offline devices. This paper proposes a buffering-based reactive fault tolerance strategy to handle transient disconnections of mobile devices that both generate and process data, even in cases where the devices move through the network during the disconnection. The main components of our strategy are: (a) a circular buffer that stores the data which are generated and processed locally during a device disconnection, (b) a query-aware buffer replacement policy, and (c) a query restart process that ensures the correct forwarding of the buffered data upon re-connection, taking into account the new network topology. We integrate our fault tolerance strategy with NebulaStream, a novel stream processing system specifically designed for the IoT. We evaluate our strategy using a custom benchmark based on real data, exhibiting reduction in data loss and query runtime compared to the baseline NebulaStream.
title: Precise, Compact, and Fast Data Access Counters for Automated Physical Database Design
Creators: name: Brendle, Michael
name: Weber, Nick
name: Valiyev, Mahammad
name: May, Norman
name: Schulze, Robert
name: Böhm, Alexander
name: Moerkotte, Guido
name: Grossniklaus, Michael
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik, Bonn
Year: 2021

description: Today's database management systems offer numerous tuning knobs that allow an adaptation of the database behavior to specific customer needs
Additional file 2 of Mental health, smoking, harm reduction and quit attempts – a population survey in England
Creators: name: Brose, Leonie S.
name: Brown, Jamie
name: Robson, Debbie
name: McNeill, Ann
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2. Supplementary file 2: Table S2. Weighted prevalence of individual diagnosis and past-year treatment for each diagnosis.
title: Cluster Flow - an Advanced Concept for Ensemble-Enabling, Interactive Clustering
Creators: name: Obermeier, Sandra
name: Beer, Anna
name: Wahl, Florian
name: Seidl, Thomas
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik, Bonn
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Clustering
subject: Interactive
subject: kNN
subject: Ensemble
subject: Explainability

description: Even though most clustering algorithms serve knowledge discovery in fields other than computer science, most of them still require users to be familiar with programming or data mining to some extent. As that often prevents efficient research, we developed an easy to use, highly explainable clustering method accompanied by an interactive tool for clustering. It is based on intuitively understandable kNN graphs and the subsequent application of adaptable filters, which can be combined ensemble-like and iteratively and prune unnecessary or misleading edges. For a first overview of the data, fully automatic predefined filter cascades deliver robust results. A selection of simple filters and combination methods that can be chosen interactively yield very good results on benchmark datasets compared to various algorithms.
title: Fast CSV Loading Using GPUs and RDMA for In-Memory Data Processing
Creators: name: Kumaigorodski, Alexander
name: Lutz, Clemens
name: Markl, Volker
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik, Bonn
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: CSV
subject: Parsing
subject: GPU
subject: CUDA
subject: RDMA
subject: InfiniBand

description: Comma-separated values (CSV) is a widely-used format for data exchange. Due to the format's prevalence, virtually all industrial-strength database systems and stream processing frameworks support importing CSV input. However, loading CSV input close to the speed of I/O hardware is challenging. Modern I/O devices such as InfiniBand NICs and NVMe SSDs are capable of sustaining high transfer rates of 100 Gbit/s and higher. At the same time
title: The Data Lake Architecture Framework
Creators: name: Giebler, Corinna
name: Gröger, Christoph
name: Hoos, Eva
name: Eichler, Rebecca
name: Schwarz, Holger
name: Mitschang, Bernhard
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik, Bonn
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Data Lake
subject: Data Lake Architecture
subject: Framework

description: During recent years, data lakes emerged as a way to manage large amounts of heterogeneous data for modern data analytics. Although various work on individual aspects of data lakes exists, there is no comprehensive data lake architecture yet. Concepts that describe themselves as a “data lake architecture” are only partial. In this work, we introduce the data lake architecture framework. It supports the definition of data lake architectures by defining nine architectural aspects, i.e., perspectives on a data lake, such as data storage or data modeling, and by exploring the interdependencies between these aspects. The included methodology helps to choose appropriate concepts to instantiate each aspect. To evaluate the framework, we use it to configure an exemplary data lake architecture for a real-world data lake implementation. This final assessment shows that our framework provides comprehensive guidance in the configuration of a data lake architecture.
Strategies for Successfully Settling Farmers in South Africa
Creators: name: Mokhatla, P.Z.
name: Nell, Wilhelm T.
name: Mokhatla, P.Z.
name: Nell, Wilhelm T.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: International Development
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: land reform
subject: strategic approach
subject: emerging farmers

description: The South African government initiated the land reform program in 1994, which is facilitated by the Department of Land Affairs. The land reform programme has three divisions, namely redistribution, restitution and land tenure. The main objectives of land reform since its inception are poverty alleviation, justice, food security, rural transformation, economic growth and to readdress the landless, the poor, women, the disposed and the previously disadvantaged to acquire land. The question can be asked: Has land reform achieved its goals in the past 10 years since its inception? This paper outlines the concept of a strategic approach as described by Nell and. Napier (2005) to help successfully establish farmers in South Africa and also other strategies that the government can adopt to settle farmers successfully.
Additional file 1 of Mental health, smoking, harm reduction and quit attempts – a population survey in England
Creators: name: Brose, Leonie S.
name: Brown, Jamie
name: Robson, Debbie
name: McNeill, Ann
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Supplementary file 1: Table S1. Comparison of past-year smokers who completed the mental health information and those who terminated the survey prior to the section or responded don’t know or prefer not to say.
Search for Lambda_b -> p pi and Lambda_b -> p K decays in p-pbar collisions at sqrt(s) = 1.96 TeV
Creators: name: CDF Collaboration
name: Acosta, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on a search for Lambda_b -> p pi- and Lambda_b -> p K- (and charge conjugate) decays in p-pbar collisions at sqrt(s) = 1.96 TeV using 193 pb-1 of data collected by CDFII experiment at the Fermilab Tevatron Collider. Data were collected using a track trigger that has been optimized to select tracks belonging to a secondary vertex that is typical of two body charmless decays of b-flavored hadrons, including Lambda_b baryons. As no Lambda_b signal was observed, we set the upper limits on the branching fractions BR(Lambda_b -> p h-) where h is K or pi, of 2.3x10-5 at 90% C.L. and 2.9x10-5 at 95% C.L.
description: 7 pages, 1 figure. Submitted to PRD RC
Can the Kappa-distributed electron energies account for the intensity ratios of O II lines in photoionized gaseous nebulae?
Creators: name: Lin, Bao-Zhi
name: Zhang, Yong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A vexing puzzle in the study of planetary nebulae and \ion{H}{2} regions is that the plasma diagnostic results based on collisionally excited lines systematically differ from those based on recombination lines. A fairly speculative interpretation is the presence of nonthermal electrons with the so-called $κ$ energy distributions, yet there is little observational evidence to verify or disprove this hypothesis. In this paper, we examine the influence of $κ$-distributed electrons on the emissivities of \ion{O}{2} recombination lines using an approximate method, where the rate coefficients for a $κ$ distribution are computed by summing Maxwellian-Boltzmann rate coefficients with appropriate weights. The results show that if invoking $κ$-distributed electrons, the temperatures derived from the [\ion{O}{3}] $(\lambda4959+\lambda5007)/\lambda4363$ ratios could coincide with those estimated from the \ion{O}{2} $\lambda4649/\lambda4089$ ratios. However, the estimated temperatures and $κ$ values are not in agreement with those obtained through comparing the [\ion{O}{3}] $(\lambda4959+\lambda5007)/\lambda4363$ ratios and the hydrogen recombination spectra, suggesting that the electron energy is unlikely to follow the $κ$-distributions over a global scale of the nebular regions. Nevertheless, based on this observation alone, we cannot definitely rule out the presence of $κ$-distributed electrons in some microstructures within nebulae.
description: 18 pages, 8 figures, Accepted for publication in ApJ
title: FactStack
title: Interoperable Data Management and Preservation for the Web and Industry 4.0
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Gleim, Lars
name: Tirpitz, Liam
name: Decker, Stefan
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik, Bonn
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Web Technologies
subject: Data Management
subject: Memento
subject: Persistence
subject: PID
subject: Industry 4.0

description: The management and preservation of the diverse and constantly evolving data of Industry 4.0 remains an open challenge to date. Interoganizational and interoperable solutions are needed to power the digital manufacturing supply chain of the future. Principles from research data management recently address this problem through the use of global, persistent identifiers in combination with resource versioning and data provenance. We present FactStack, a data management and preservation solution based on open Web technologies and the FactDAG data interoperability model. We outline the system’s implementation, evaluate its performance and illustrate its applicability to industry using a real-world use case in textile engineering. Considering risks and opportunities of practical industry adoption and remaining open challenges, we conclude that FactStack simplifies the on-demand integration of persistence and provenance into existing resource-oriented architectures, facilitating data management and preservation for the agile and interorganizational manufacturing processes of Industry 4.0.
title: Towards Learned Metadata Extraction for Data Lakes
Creators: name: Langenecker, Sven
name: Sturm, Christoph
name: Schalles, Christian
name: Binnig, Carsten
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik, Bonn
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: data lakes
subject: dataset discovery and search
subject: semantic type detection

description: An important task for enabling the efficient exploration of available data in a data lake is to annotate semantic type information to the available data sources. In order to reduce the manual overhead of annotation, learned approaches for automatic metadata extraction on structured data sources have been proposed recently. While initial results of these learned approaches seem promising, it is still not clear how well these approaches can generalize to new unseen data in real-world data lakes. In this paper, we aim to tackle this question and as a first contribution show the result of a study when applying Sato -a recent approach based on deep learning -to a real-world data set. In our study we show that Sato is only able to extract semantic data types for about 10% of the columns of the real-world data set. These results show the general limitation of deep learning approaches which often provide near-perfect performance on available training and testing data but fail in real settings since training data and real data often strongly vary. Hence, as a second contribution we propose a new direction of using weak supervision and present results of an initial prototype we built to generate labeled training data with low manual efforts to improve the performance of learned semantic type extraction approaches on new unseen data sets.
Leadership Values and Sustainable Trading Management for Food Security, Biodiversity and Equity
Creators: name: Wibberley, John
name: Wibberley, John
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy

description: There is general agreement that sustainable management is needed to regulate social behaviour for civil society and environmental management for such global issues as climate change and the oceans. Uniquely, markets are assumed by current World Trade Organisation philosophy and policy - 'non-discrimination against imports' - to be virtually exempted from human responsibility to manage them, as if they alone are capable of sustainable self-determination. The argument of this Paper is that Agrarian Advocacy is needed internationally to link farmer conservation within sustainable farm livelihoods, natural resource conservation management, national food security and land heritage connections in each place. Currently unmanaged trading threatens these vital connections. Creatively co-ordinated management making connections is advocated, including an international Highway Code for trading.
Investigating the detection of dark matter subhalos as extended sources with Fermi-LAT
Creators: name: Di Mauro, Mattia
name: Stref, Martin
name: Calore, Francesca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cold dark matter (DM) models for structure formation predict that DM subhalos are present in the Galaxy. In the standard paradigm of DM as weakly interacting massive particle, subhalos are expected to shine in gamma rays and to provide a signal detectable with current instruments, notably with the Large Area Telescope (LAT) aboard the Fermi~satellite. This is the main motivation behind searches for DM signals towards dwarf spheroidal galaxies and unidentified Fermi-LAT sources. A significant angular extension detected from unassociated sources located at relatively high latitudes is considered a "smoking gun" signature for identifying DM subhalos. In the present work, we systematically explore, by means of state-of-the-art models of cold DM halos in the Galaxy, the detectability of extended subhalos with Fermi-LAT. We simulate a DM signal exploring different assumptions of subhalos distribution in the Galaxy and DM profile, and reconstruct its flux through a realistic Fermi-LAT analysis pipeline. In the most optimistic case, we show that a detection of extended DM subhalos can be made for annihilation cross sections higher than $3 \times 10^{-26}$ cm$^3$/s (for a 100 GeV DM mass), still compatible with existing gamma-ray constraints, and that, in this case, the preference for extension of the source (vs point-like hypothesis) is significant. For fainter signals, instead, halos not only do not show significant extension, but they are not even detectable significantly as point-like sources.
description: 12 pages, 11 figures. Comments as welcome!
Cognitive mechanisms of response initiation in schizophrenia
Creators: name: Caissie, Stephanie Leanne
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Psychomotor poverty is one syndrome of the three-syndrome model of schizophrenia, and refers to a subset of symptoms which includes flat affect, underactivity, and poverty of speech. The hallmark of psychomotor poverty is diminished mental and physical activity. It has been proposed that deficits in initiation are the core problem in psychomotor poverty (Liddle, 1994; Frith, 1987), although little is understood about the cognitive mechanisms mediating initiation impairments. The current study sought to investigate the role of cognitive set in response initiation using a basic choice reaction time task. The non-designated stimulus reaction time (NDSRT) task involves two conditions. In one condition, subjects are explicitly given a stimulusresponse mapping, thus they have a strong set. In the other, the stimulus-response mapping is implicit and the set is weak. Pilot data indicates that both healthy controls and schizophrenia patients are slower to respond when the set is weak. It addition to replicating this result, it was hypothesized that patients would show more slowing on this condition than controls, and that this slowing would be correlated with psychomotor poverty. This would suggest that responding with a weak, incomplete set is related to symptoms of psychomotor poverty. The results support the above hypotheses. Both patients and controls were significantly slower at responding with a weak set than with a strong set, and this difference was greater in patients. The magnitude of the difference correlated significantly with psychomotor poverty score. These results support the hypothesis that responding with an incompletely mapped set may underlie the initiation deficits of the psychomotor poverty syndrome. These findings have implications for the rehabilitation of individuals with schizophrenia.