cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Dynamics of an elliptical ferromagnetic skyrmion driven by the spin-orbit torque
Creators: name: Xia, Jing
name: Zhang, Xichao
name: Ezawa, Motohiko
name: Shao, Qiming
name: Liu, Xiaoxi
name: Zhou, Yan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic skyrmion is a promising building block for developing information storage and computing devices. It can be stabilized in a ferromagnetic thin film with the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI). The moving ferromagnetic skyrmion may show the skyrmion Hall effect, that is, the skyrmion shows a transverse shift when it is driven by a spin current. Here, we numerically and theoretically study the current-driven dynamics of a ferromagnetic nanoscale skyrmion in the presence of the anisotropic DMI, where the skyrmion has an elliptical shape. The skyrmion Hall effect of the elliptical skyrmion is investigated. It is found that the skyrmion Hall angle can be controlled by tuning the profile of elliptical skyrmion. Our results reveal the relation between the skyrmion shape and the skyrmion Hall effect, which could be useful for building skyrmion-based spintronic devices with preferred skyrmion Hall angle. Also, our results provide a method for the minimization of skyrmion Hall angle for applications based on in-line motion of skyrmions.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
MOESM1 of Effectiveness of music therapy for alleviating pain during haemodialysis access cannulation for patients undergoing haemodialysis: a multi-facility, single-blind, randomised controlled trial
Creators: name: Masatsugu Kishida
name: Yamada, Yosuke
name: Inayama, Emi
name: Mineaki Kitamura
name: Nishino, Tomoya
name: Ota, Keiko
name: Shintani, Ayumi
name: Tatsuyoshi Ikenoue
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Standard Protocol items: Recommendations for Interventional Trials (SPIRIT) 2013 Checklist: recommended items to address in a clinical trial protocol and related documents.
Effects of Top-Quark Anomalous Decay Couplings at γγColliders
Creators: name: Ohkuma, Kazumasa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Most general tbW couplings were investigated in the process γγ-> ttbar -> l^{+-} X for unpolarized photon beams. The double angular and energy distribution of the lepton was calculated and an optimal-observable analysis on it was carried out for the SM ttbar production mechanism. It was also shown that the leptonic angular distribution is insensitive to non-standard tbW vertex. That means that observation of non-standard effects indicates existence of some new physics in the production part.
description: 3 pages, no figure, Latex, presented at the 5th KEK Topical Conference(KEKTC5), to be publised in the proceedings
Seesaw induced Higgs Mechanism
Creators: name: Calmet, X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss a two scalar doublets model which induces the Higgs mechanism by means of a seesaw mechanism. This model naturally predicts a light Higgs scalar whose mass is suppressed by the grand unification scale. The model predicts an intermediate scale between the electroweak symmetry breaking scale and the grand unification scale at $10^9$ GeV. Below this intermediate energy scale the usual standard model appears as an effective theory. A seesaw mechanism in the scalar sector of the model not only induces the standard Higgs mechanism, but also solves the hierarchy problem. An implementation of this mechanism in models where the Planck scale is in the TeV region is discussed.
description: 4 pages
Sources of Water and Solutes to the Salar de Atacama, Chile: A Coupled Hydrologic, Geochemical, and Groundwater Modeling Study
Creators: name: Corenthal, Lilly G
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2016

description: Focused groundwater discharge in endorheic basins provides opportunities to investigate mechanisms for closing hydrologic budgets in arid regions. The Salar de Atacama (SdA), a closed basin in northern Chile, has accumulated over 1800 km3 of halite and a lithium-rich brine since the late Miocene primarily through evapotranspiration of groundwater. The hydrologic balance of SdA and sources of water and solutes required to explain this deposit are not well constrained. An adapted chloride mass balance method drawing on a database of over 200 water sample sites is applied to a remotely-sensed precipitation dataset to estimate spatially-distributed modern groundwater recharge. Comparing groundwater recharge to evapotranspiration in a steady-state water budget constrains potential regional-scale watersheds on the Altiplano-Puna Plateau. The sodium mass balance of the deposit is used to predict long-term water discharge from the basin and place modern fluxes in a paleo-hydrologic context. A 2D groundwater model informed by published paleoclimate reconstructions evaluates whether draining groundwater storage contributes to the modern hydrologic system. Modern recharge from precipitation in the topographic watershed is extremely small compared to evapotranspiration. The missing water is sourced from precipitation in an area over 4 times larger than the topographic watershed, and groundwater recharged during wetter periods in the late Pleistocene is still actively draining and discharging from storage without a corresponding input into the system. These results have implications for lake-level based paleoclimate reconstructions, conceptualizations of watershed boundaries and water resource management.
MOESM1 of Intra-species recombination among strains of the ampelovirus Grapevine leafroll-associated virus 4
Creators: name: Jati Adiputra
name: Sridhar Jarugula
name: Rayapati Naidu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Primers used for genome sequencing of GLRaV-4 strains 4, 5, and 9 from Washington vineyards. Table S2. Nucleotide and amino acid (in parenthesis) sequence identities of the three isolates (WAMR-4, WASB-5 and WALA-9) of GLRaV-4 strains from Washington vineyards with GLRaV-4 strains from other grapevine-growing regions. Table S3. Sequence identities between putative recombinant sequences in strain 4 isolate LR106 and strain 6 isolate Estallat with corresponding sequences in isolates of other GLRaV-4 strains. The columns designated as event-1 and event-2 represent, respectively, nt 4105-5240 and nt 627-1551 in isolate LR106 of strain 4 (accession FJ467503.1). The columns designated as event-3 5’-half and event-3 3’-half represent, respectively, nt 1-6311 and nt 6312-13807 in the genome of isolate Estellat of strain 6 (accession FJ467504.1).
Tunable Giant Rashba-type Spin Splitting in PtSe$_2$/MoSe$_2$ Heterostructure
Creators: name: Xiang, Longjun
name: Ke, Youqi
name: Zhang, Qingyun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a giant Rashba-type spin splitting in two-dimensional heterostructure PtSe$_2$/MoSe$_2$ with first-principles calculations. We obtain a large value of spin splitting energy 110 meV at the momentum offset $k_0$=0.23 Å$^{-1}$ around $\mathrmΓ$ point, arising from the emerging strong interfacial spin-orbital coupling induced by the hybridization between PtSe$_2$ and MoSe$_2$. Moreover, we find that the band dispersion close to valence band maximum around $Γ$ point can be well approximated by the generalized Rashba Hamiltonian $H(k_{||})=-\frac{\hbar^2 k_{||}^2}{2m}+c k_{||}+α_R \vecσ\cdot(\vec{k}_{||} \times \vec{z})$. It is found that the generalized Rashba constant $η_R=c+α_R$ in PtSe$_2$/MoSe$_2$ is as large as 1.3 eV$\cdot\textÅ$, and importantly $η_R$ can be effectively tuned by biaxial strain and external out-of-plane electrical field, presenting a potential application for the spin field-effect transistor. In addition, with the spin-valley physics at $\mathrm{K}/\mathrm{K}'$ points in monolayer MoSe$_2$, we propose a promising model for spin field-effect transistor with opto-valleytronic spin injection based on PtSe$_2$/MoSe$_2$ heterostructure.
description: Major changes have been made to the manuscript, including proposing a generalized Rashba Hamiltonian, modifying Fig. 3, changing the discussion of proposed SFET device, adding results to the supplementary materials, and so on
Gender Inequality:  Nonbinary Transgender People in the Workplace
Creators: name: Davidson, Skylar
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2016

description: Most research on employment gender inequality focuses on differences between men and women, reinforcing a binary conception of gender. This study uses the National Transgender Discrimination Survey to evaluate the employment outcomes of nonbinary transgender people (those who identify as a gender other than man or woman). The results of this study suggest that being out as a nonbinary transgender person negatively affects nonbinary transgender people's employment outcomes. Though all transgender people have higher unemployment rates than the general population, outness has different effects on nonbinary transgender people based on sex assigned at birth, with those assigned male at birth tending to be discriminated against in hiring but those assigned female at birth more likely to experience differential treatment once hired. Race also contributes to differential treatment in the workplace. In an additional comparison between all transgender groups, I find that transgender women tend to have worse employment experiences than nonbinary transgender people and transgender men, the latter two tending to have similar outcomes.
Strategies for Reducing Supplier Risk: Inputs into the Supply Chain
Creators: name: Greene, Christopher A
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2016

description: There are many aspects to consider when managing an entire supply chain from procurement to fulfillment. Complex assemblies require hundreds of components, sourced from all corners of the globe, to come together in a synchronized fashion. Given the magnitude of the supply chain, high quality standards, and significantly increased outsourcing, there is a strong need to monitor supplier risk and quickly identify and mitigate potential problems. Moreover, the continuous pressure to reduce resources and pressure to cut costs, further increases the need for the development of procedures and tools that can quickly and efficiently address these potential supply chain risks. This thesis focuses on two unique problems brought to our attention by supply chain managers in the field. The first is the analysis of the robustness of advanced ordering strategies (AOS). AOS have been proposed in previous research to coordinate the delivery of components for complex assemblies with long and highly variable lead times. They have been shown to be highly successful to synchronize the supply chain under on-going conditions. It is not clear; however, their effect as the underlying performance of suppliers evolves over time. The second topic covers the methodological foundation and development of a tool to accurately classify suppliers based off risk, and provides a method to calculate final assembly risk, in addition to guiding the deployment of scarce supplier development teams and resources.
Experimental study of oil particle emission rate and size distribution during milling
Creators: name: Wang, Fei
name: Li, Zhenhai
name: Wang, Peng
name: Zhang, Ruiyan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Metalworking fluids (MWFs) used in milling generate oil particles through impaction, action of centrifugal forces and evaporation/condensation mechanisms. The oil particles suspended in the factory atmosphere can affect the health of the labor force. In order to study the emission properties of these oil particles, this work investigates the oil particle emission rate and size distribution during milling using an environmental chamber method. Two commonly used operating modes for MWFs were selected, the minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) mode (40 ml/h) and the cooling mode (1 m³/h). The cooling mode without cutting was studied separately for comparison with the cooling mode with cutting. The results show that the oil particle emission rate in milling ranges from 7.2 to 641 mg/h, and the size distribution ranges from 0.265 to 12.5 µm. Evaporation/condensation is the main mechanism in the MQL mode. The majority of oil particles formed by evaporation/condensation are in the range of 0.265 to 1.8 µm. As the tool rotation speed increases, the particle emission rate increases, while the mass mean diameter (MMD) and the sauter mean diameter (SMD) decrease. Oil particles are mainly generated by the action of centrifugal force in the cooling mode, and mainly distributed in the range of 1.8 to 12.5 µm. The particle emission rate increases with the tool rotation speed, and the particle MMD and SMD increase with the tool rotation speed only in the cooling mode without cutting. The particle emission rate ranging from 1.8 to 12.5 µm, as well as PM5 and PM10, are a polynomial function of the square of tool rotation speed during the cooling mode. The coefficient of determination (R2) is above 0.99. © 2018 American Association for Aerosol Research
Accelerated Iterative Algorithms with Asynchronous Accumulative Updates on a Heterogeneous Cluster
Creators: name: Gubbi Virupaksha, Sandesh
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2016

description: In recent years with the exponential growth in web-based applications the amount of data generated has increased tremendously. Quick and accurate analysis of this 'big data' is indispensable to make better business decisions and reduce operational cost. The challenges faced by modern day data centers to process big data are multi fold: to keep up the pace of processing with increased data volume and increased data velocity, deal with system scalability and reduce energy costs. Today's data centers employ a variety of distributed computing frameworks running on a cluster of commodity hardware which include general purpose processors to process big data. Though better performance in terms of big data processing speed has been achieved with existing distributed computing frameworks, there is still an opportunity to increase processing speed further. FPGAs, which are designed for computationally intensive tasks, are promising processing elements that can increase processing speed. In this thesis, we discuss how FPGAs can be integrated into a cluster of general purpose processors running iterative algorithms and obtain high performance.
In this thesis, we designed a heterogeneous cluster comprised of FPGAs and CPUs and ran various benchmarks such as PageRank, Katz and Connected Components to measure the performance of the cluster. Performance improvement in terms of execution time was evaluated against a homogeneous cluster of general purpose processors and a homogeneous cluster of FPGAs. We built multiple four-node heterogeneous clusters with different configurations by varying the number of CPUs and FPGAs.
We studied the effects of load balancing between CPUs and FPGAs. We obtained a speedup of 20X, 11.5X and 2X for PageRank, Katz and Connected Components benchmarks on a cluster cluster configuration of 2 CPU + 2 FPGA for an unbalancing ratio against a 4-node homogeneous CPU cluster. We studied the effect of input graph partitioning, and showed that when the input is a Multilevel-KL partitioned graph we obtain an improvement of 11%, 26% and 9% over randomly partitioned graph for Katz, PageRank and Connected Components benchmarks on a 2 CPU + 2 FPGA cluster.
Memory-based optical polarization conversion in a double-Λ atomic system with degenerate Zeeman states
Creators: name: Wei, Yan-Cheng
name: Lin, Sheng-Xiang
name: Tsai, Pin-Ju
name: Chen, Ying-Cheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Optical memory based on electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in a double-Λatomic system provides a convenient way to convert the frequency, bandwidth or polarization of optical pulses by storing in oneΛchannel and retrieving in another.This memory-based optical converter can be used to bridge quantum nodes of different physical properties in a quantum network. However, in real atoms, each energy level usually contains degenerate Zeeman states and this may lead to additional energy loss, as have been discussed in our recent theoretical paper (Phys. Rev. A 100, 063843). Here, we present an experimental study on the efficiency variation in the EIT-memory-based optical polarization conversion in cold cesium atomsunder the Zeeman-state optical pumping. The experimental results support the theoretical predictions. Our works provide quantitative knowledge and physical insight useful to the practical implementation of EIT-memory-based optical converter.
Workplace Conditions and Maternal Sensitivity in Low-Income Families
Creators: name: Herman, Rachel J
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2016

description: The present investigation examined the role of low-wage work in the lives of employed, low-income mothers across the transition to parenthood. Specifically, the current study analyzed the extent to which workplace conditions predicted the quality of mothers’ parenting at one-year postpartum, and the potential mediating role of mothers’ psychological distress. It was hypothesized that demanding work conditions would interfere with mothers’ ability to provide sensitive care for their infants via the process of increased depression and anxiety, and that supportive work conditions would mitigate the negative effects of demanding work conditions on mothers’ mental health and parenting. Partial support was found for these hypotheses. Mothers who found their post-childbirth work experiences to be more engaging and self-directed were less distressed and, in turn, more responsive when interacting with their babies. In contrast, workplace urgency—when predictive of anxiety and depression—had a deleterious effect on future parenting quality. Contrary to hypotheses, supervisor support did not moderate the negative effects of workplace demands on mothers’ distress. Results indicate that the conditions associated with low-wage employment are variable and have a meaningful effect on mothers’ mental health and capacity to engage in sensitive parenting during the transition to parenthood
Quantum trajectories in spin-exchange collisions reveal the nature of spin-noise correlations in multi-species alkali vapors
Creators: name: Mouloudakis, K.
name: Loulakis, M.
name: Kominis, I. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spin-exchange collisions in alkali vapors have been at the basis of several fundamental and applied investigations, like nuclear structure studies and tests of fundamental symmetries, ultra-sensitive atomic magnetometers, magnetic resonance and bio-magnetic imaging. Spin-exchange collisions cause loss of spin coherence, and concomittantly produce spin noise, both phenomena being central to quantum metrology. We here develop the quantum trajectory picture of spin-exchange collisions, consistent with their long-standing ensemble description using density matrices. We then use quantum trajectories to reveal the nature of spin-noise correlations that spontaneously build up in multi-species atomic vapors, frequently utilized in the most sensitive spin measurements.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures
MOESM6 of Clinical significance of stromal ER and PR expression in periampullary adenocarcinoma
Creators: name: Andersson, Gustav
name: Lundgren, Sebastian
name: Heby, Margareta
name: Nodin, Björn
name: Elebro, Jacob
name: Jirström, Karin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 6: Table S5. Associations of PR expression status (negative vs positive) with common mutations in the entire cohort, intestinal-type tumors and pancreatobiliary-type tumors, allover and stratified by sex.
The Boson Normal Ordering Problem and Generalized Bell Numbers
Creators: name: Blasiak, P.
name: Penson, K. A.
name: Solomon, A. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: For any function F(x) having a Taylor expansion we solve the boson normal ordering problem for F[(a*)^r a^s], with r,s positive integers,[a,a*]=1, i.e. we provide exact and explicit expressions for its normal form which has all a's to the right. The solution involves integer sequences of numbers which, for r,s >=1, are generalizations of the conventional Bell and Stirling numbers whose values they assume for r=s=1. A complete theory of such generalized combinatorial numbers is given including closed-form expressions (extended Dobinski - type formulas), recursion relations and generating functions. These last are special expectation values in boson coherent states.
description: 10 pages
Experimental Study of Oil Particle Emission Rate and Size Distribution during Milling
Creators: name: Wang, Fei
name: Li, Zhenhai
name: Wang, Peng
name: Zhang, Ruiyan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Metalworking fluids (MWFs) used in milling generate oil particles through impaction, action of centrifugal forces and evaporation/condensation mechanisms. The oil particles suspended in the factory atmosphere can affect the health of the labour force. In order to study the emission properties of these oil particles, this work investigates the oil particle emission rate and size distribution during milling using an environmental chamber method. Two commonly used operating modes for MWFs were selected, the minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) mode (40ml/h) and the cooling mode (1m³/h). The cooling mode without cutting was studied separately for comparison with the cooling mode with cutting. The results show that the oil particle emission rate in milling ranges from 7.2 to 641mg/h, and the size distribution ranges from 0.265 to 12.5µm. Evaporation/condensation is the main mechanism in the MQL mode. The majority of oil particles formed by evaporation/condensation are in the range of 0.265 to 1.8µm. As the tool rotation speed increases, the particle emission rate increases, while the mass mean diameter (MMD) and the sauter mean diameter (SMD) decrease. Oil particles are mainly generated by the action of centrifugal force in the cooling mode, and mainly distributed in the range of 1.8 to 12.5µm. The particle emission rate increases with the tool rotation speed, and the particle MMD and SMD increase with the tool rotation speed only in the cooling mode without cutting. The particle emission rate ranging from 1.8 to 12.5µm, as well as PM5 and PM10, are a polynomial function of the square of tool rotation speed during the cooling mode. The coefficient of determination (R2) is above 0.99.
Robust matching rules for real quasicrystals
Creators: name: Kalugin, Pavel
name: Katz, André
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the problem of extraction and validation of matching rules, directly from the phased diffraction data of a quasicrystal, and propose an algorithmic procedure to produce the rules of the shortest possible range. We have developed a geometric framework to express such rules together with a homological mechanism enforcing the long-range quasiperiodic order. This mechanism tolerates the presence of defects in a robust way.
description: Talk at ICQ14
Search for Leptoquark Pairs Decaying to nu-nu + jets in P Anti-P Collisions at s**1/2=1.8 TeV
Creators: name: Abazov, V. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the preliminary results of a search for leptoquark ($LQ$) pairs using (85.2 $\pm$ 3.7) pb$^{-1}$ of $p{\bar p}$ collider data collected by the DO experiment at the Fermilab Tevatron from 1994-1996. We observe no evidence for leptoquark production and set a limit on $σ(p{\bar p} \to LQ\bar{LQ} \to νν+ jets)$ as a function of the mass of the leptoquark ($M_{LQ}$), assuming BR($LQ \to νq$)=100%. At the 95% confidence level, we exclude scalar leptoquarks for $M_{LQ} < 99 GeV/c^2$, and vector leptoquarks for $M_{LQ} < 178 GeV/c^2$.
description: 11 pages, submitted to the International Europhysics Conference on High Energy Physics and to the XX International Symposium on Lepton and Photon Interactions at High Energies; added comments, fixed author, edited Fig. 1 caption
title: Influencer Marketing - Eine empirische Untersuchung des Einflusses des Influencer Marketings und von Influencern auf die Kaufabsicht
Creators: name: Ziewiecki, Sandra
Publisher: name: University of Bayreuth
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Influencer Marketing
subject: eWOM
subject: Social Media
subject: Opinion Leadership
subject: 330

description: Im Zuge der zunehmenden Interessenlosigkeit von Konsumenten gegenüber traditionellen Werbemaßnahmen, entstand in den letzten Jahren das Influencer Marketing, auf das Unternehmen heutzutage zurückgreifen, um unter Verbrauchern weiterhin Aufmerksamkeit für ihre Produkte und Marken zu erzeugen. Dabei bedient sich das Influencer Marketing reichweitenstarker Individuen, sog. Influencern, die über ihre Netzwerke auf Social Media u. a. Produkte vermarkten. Hier knüpft auch die Dissertation der Autorin an, die untersucht, inwiefern Konsumenten heutzutage durch Influencer und das Influencer Marketing in ihren Kaufabsichten beeinflusst werden. Die Studienergebnisse zeigen, dass sich die Glaubwürdigkeit eines Influencers, parasoziale Beziehungen sowie das Involvement in Influencer-Produktplatzierungen positiv auf die Kaufabsicht auswirken. Die theoretischen Erkenntnisse dieser Arbeit sowie die empirische Studie liefern weitreichende Implikationen für die Praxis. So ergänzt die Arbeit die Diskussion um eine immer stärker geforderte ökonomische Verbraucherbildung unter jungen Konsumenten, die eine wichtige Zielgruppe des Influencer Marketings darstellt. Zudem können auch für die Marketingpraxis sowie Unternehmen weitreichende Handlungsempfehlungen abgeleitet werden.
Raman spectra of MgB2 at high pressure and topological electronic transition
Creators: name: Meletov, K. P.
name: Arvanitidis, J.
name: Kulakov, M. P.
name: Kolesnikov, N. N.
name: Kourouklis, G. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Raman spectra of the MgB2 ceramic samples were measured as a function of pressure up to 32 GPa at room temperature. The spectrum at normal conditions contains a very broad peak at ~590 cm-1 related to the E2g phonon mode. The frequency of this mode exhibits a strong linear dependence in the pressure region from 5 to 18 GPa, whereas beyond this region the slope of the pressure-induced frequency shift is reduced by about a factor of two. The pressure dependence of the phonon mode up to ~ 5GPa exhibits a change in the slope as well as a "hysteresis" effect in the frequency vs. pressure behavior. These singularities in the E2g mode behavior under pressure support the suggestion that MgB2 may undergo a pressure-induced topological electronic transition.
description: 2 figures
Force and impulse from an Aharonov-Bohm flux line
Creators: name: Keating, J. P.
name: Robbins, J. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the force and impulse operators for a charged particle in the field of an Aharonov-Bohm flux line. The force operator is formally the Lorentz force, with the magnetic field operator modified to include quantum corrections due to anomolous commutation relations. Expectation values for stationary states are calculated. Nonstationary states are treated by integrating the force operator in time to obtain the impulse operator. Expectation values of the impulse are calculated for slow wavepackets (which spread faster than they move) and for fast wavepackets (which spread only negligibly before their closest approach to the flux line). We give two derivations of the force and impulse operators, the first a simple derivation based on formal arguments, and the second a rigorous calculation of wavepacket expectation values. We also show that the same expressions for the force and impulse are obtained if the flux line is enclosed in an impenetrable cylinder,or distributed uniformly over a flux cylinder, in the limit that the radius of the cylinder goes to zero.
description: 24 pages, 1 figure
Two-parton twist-3 factorization in perturbative QCD
Creators: name: Nagashima, Makiko
name: Li, Hsiang-nan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We prove collinear factorization theorem for the process $πγ^*\toπ$ at the twist-3 level in the covariant gauge by means of the Ward identity, concentrating on the two-parton case. It is shown that soft divergences cancel and collinear divergences are grouped into the pseudo-scalar and pseudo-tensor two-parton twist-3 pion distribution amplitudes. The delicate summation of a complete set of diagrams for achieving factorization in momentum, spin, and color spaces is emphasized. The proof is then extended to the exclusive semileptonic decay $B\toπl\barν$, assuming the hard scale to be of $O(\sqrt{\barΛM_B})$, where $\barΛ$ is a hadronic scale and $M_B$ the $B$ meson mass. We explain the distinction between the factorization of collinear divergences for a pion distribution amplitude and of soft divergences for a $B$ meson distribution amplitude. The gauge invariance and universality of the two-parton twist-3 pion distribution amplitudes are confirmed. The proof presented here can accommodate the leading twist-2 case. We then compare our proof with that performed in the framework of soft-collinear effective theory.
description: 43 pages, 7 figures, many parts rewritten and updated references
The Electromagnetic Form Factors of the Proton and Neutron: Fundamental Indicators of Nucleon Structure
Creators: name: Miller, Gerald A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a relativistic interpretation for why the proton's ratio of electric to magnetic form factor falls and for why the ratio of the Pauli to Dirac form factor varies as 1/Q. Reproducing the observed electric form factor of the neutron then mandates the inclusion of the effects of the pion cloud.
description: 10 pages 3 figures This is a written version of a talk given at the conference "Exclusive Processes at High Momentum Transfer", held at Jefferson Laboratory May 15-18, 2002
Capture of interstellar objects: a source of long-period comets
Creators: name: Hands, Tom
name: Dehnen, Walter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We simulate the passage through the Sun-Jupiter system of interstellar objects (ISOs) similar to 1I/`Oumuamua or 2I/Borisov. Capture of such objects is rare and overwhelmingly from low incoming speeds onto orbits akin to those of known long-period comets. This suggests that some of these comets could be of extra-solar origin, in particular inactive ones. Assuming ISOs follow the local stellar velocity distribution, we infer a volume capture rate of $0.051\,\mathrm{au}^3 \mathrm{yr}^{-1}$. Current estimates for orbital lifetimes and space densities then imply steady-state captured populations of $\sim10^2$ comets and $\sim10^5$ `Oumuamua-like rocks, of which 0.033% are within 6au at any time.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
DEVELOPMENT OF STUDENTS' CREATIVITY BASED ON AN INNOVATIVE APPROACH
Creators: name: Shakhzoda Isroilova
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: This article explores innovative approaches to developing students' creativity within educational settings. With the increasing demand for creative problem-solving and adaptability in the 21st-century workforce, fostering creativity has become a crucial educational goal. The article reviews contemporary strategies, including project-based learning, digital tools, and collaborative techniques, that encourage creative thinking and innovation. It also discusses the role of teachers in guiding students to explore new ideas and develop creative confidence. The study highlights case examples and research findings that demonstrate the effectiveness of these approaches in enhancing students' creative abilities.
Motivating Household Energy Conservation Using Feedback and Social Nudges: A Field Experiment
Creators: name: Hunter, Elizabeth
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2016

description: In the context of climate change and heightened concerns about our energy future, academics and policy makers have taken an interest in the different motivational factors influencing individuals’ energy-use behavior. One area of particular interest is the role of information and other non-financial motivators: When traditional financial incentives are not appropriate or inadequate, are there alternative means we can use to encourage energy conservation?
Our research looks at the effect of two different types of information programs used to promote household energy conservation: feedback and social nudges. To do this we conducted a field experiment at a family housing complex where the cost of electricity is included in the rent. Residents were presented with weekly Home Electricity Reports [HERs] with feedback on their electricity use. A portion of the residents additionally received HERs with information about how their electricity consumption compared to their neighbors (a social nudge). We then monitored households’ electricity-use to see if we could detect any changes.
Overall we estimated a 1.4 percent reduction in energy-use as a result of the feedback treatment. This figure increased to a 3.9 percent reduction when the sample was restricted to households that received low-user status during the pre-treatment period. Low-users also appeared to react to the social nudge, however, the reaction depended on whether the household had received an HER indicating that it consumed above- or below- average the week before. Time-of-day analysis suggested that the majority of the changes in electricity-use behavior occurred during evening and night hours.
An Analysis on the Disparity of the Private Investment on Human Capital between Urban and Rural Residents in Guangxi
Creators: name: Wu, Ding-Wei
name: Tan, Jian-Xin
name: Wu, Ding-Wei
name: Tan, Jian-Xin
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Private investment in human capital
subject: ELES Model
subject: Marginal investment tend
subject: Price elasticity
subject: China

description: The constant growth of human capital is the essential force of Economic growth. The deep research on private investment in urban and rural human capital in Guangxi is necessary for developing economy and narrowing urban-rural gap. Through the analysis on the historic statistics, it is found that there were disparities total quantity and investment structure of private investment in human capital of urban and rural residents. By using the ELES model, the marginal investment trend, investment demand, elastic income, own-price elasticity and mutual-price elasticity of private investment in human capital of urban and rural residents are analyzed. It is pointed out that income is the key factor that affects the private investment in human capital of urban and rural residents. In Guangxi, the private investment and marginal investment in human capital of urban and township residents are higher than that of rural residents ;the own-price elasticity and mutual price elasticity of rural residents' private investment in human capital are ail higher than that of urban residents'.
Lettre d'un membre de Li Cigaloun Arlaten (Groupe de tambourinaïres du Pays d'Arles) à M. Merle : Demande de locomotion Arles-Avignon
Creators: name: Lancelot, Francine
name: Arlaten, Li Cigaloun
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020

description: Source: http://www.calames.abes.fr/pub/ms/FileId-3413
Positivity Constraints on Interacting Pseudo-Linear Spin-2 Fields
Creators: name: Alberte, Lasma
name: de Rham, Claudia
name: Momeni, Arshia
name: Rumbutis, Justinas
name: Tolley, Andrew J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the effective field theory for single and multiple interacting pseudo-linear spin-2 fields. By applying forward limit positivity bounds, we show that among the parameters contributing to elastic tree level scattering amplitude, there is no region of compatibility of the leading interactions with a standard local UV completion. Our result generalizes to any number of interacting pseudo-linear spin-2 fields. These results have significant implications for the organization of the effective field theory expansion for pseudo-linear fields.
description: 18 pages
Measurement of the longitudinal and transverse cross-section in e^+e^- annihilation at sqrt(s)=35-44 GeV
Creators: name: Blumenstengel, M.
name: Biebel, O.
name: Fernandez, P. A. Movilla
name: Pfeifenschnedier, P.
name: Bethke, S.
name: Kluth, S.
name: Collaboration, the JADE
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An investigation of the polar angle distribution of charged hadrons is presented using data taken by the JADE experiment at the PETRA e^+e^- collider at centre-of-mass energies of 35 and 44 GeV. From fits to the polar angle distribution the longitudinal, sigma_L, and transverse, sigma_T, cross-section relative to the total hadronic are determined at an average energy scale of 36.6 GeV. The results are sigma_L/sigma_tot = 0.067 +/- 0.013, sigma_T/sigma_tot = 0.933 -/+ 0.013 where total errors are given and the results are exactly anti-correlated. Using the next-to-leading order QCD prediction for the longitudinal cross-section, the value alpha_S(36.6 GeV) = 0.150 +/- 0.025 of the strong coupling constant is obtained in agreement with the world average value of alpha_S evolved to an energy scale of 36.6 GeV.
description: 12 pages, LaTeX2e, 5 .eps-files included, pennames.sty included, submitted to Phys. Lett. B
MOESM5 of Clinical significance of stromal ER and PR expression in periampullary adenocarcinoma
Creators: name: Andersson, Gustav
name: Lundgren, Sebastian
name: Heby, Margareta
name: Nodin, Björn
name: Elebro, Jacob
name: Jirström, Karin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 5: Table S4. Associations of ER expression status (negative vs positive) with common mutations in the entire cohort, intestinal-type tumors and pancreatobiliary-type tumors, allover and stratified by sex.
Generalization of the effective mass method for semiconductor structures with atomically sharp heterojunctions
Creators: name: Takhtamirov, E. E.
name: Volkov, V. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Kohn-Luttinger envelope-function method is generalized to the case of heterostructures with atomically sharp heterojunctions based on lattice-matched layers of related semiconductors with zinc-blende symmetry. For electron states near the Γpoint in (001) heterostructures the single-band effective-mass equation is derived, taking into account both the spatial dependence of the effective mass and effects associated with the atomically sharp heterojunctions. A small parameter is identified, in powers of which it is possible to classify the various contributions to this equation. For hole states only the main contributions to the effective Hamiltonian, due to the sharpness of the heterojunctions, are taken into account. An expression is derived for the parameter governing mixing of states of heavy and light holes at the center of the 2D Brillouin zone.
description: 30 pages, 1 figure. Misprints removed, translation improved
Impacts of CGIAR Crop Improvement and Natural Resource Management Research: A Review of Evidence
Creators: name: Pal, Suresh
name: Pal, Suresh
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Crop improvement
subject: CGIAR research
subject: NRM research
subject: Poverty alleviation
subject: Environmental protection
subject: Agricultural growth

description: This paper has examined the trends in funding and impacts of CGIAR research with a focus on distribution of economic benefits and sustainability of natural resources. The evidence has clearly shown that the impacts in terms of agricultural growth, poverty reduction and environmental protection continue to be impressive. The success of varietal development programmes mainly stems from free exchange of plant genetic resources and partnerships with NARSs. However, the impact of natural resource and production system management research has been site-specific. Its spread has been restricted because of policy and institutional constraints on transfer of technology.
Long distance effects in inclusive rare $B$ decays and phenomenology of $\bar{B}\to X_d \ell^+\ell^-$
Creators: name: Huber, Tobias
name: Hurth, Tobias
name: Jenkins, Jack
name: Lunghi, Enrico
name: Qin, Qin
name: Vos, K. Keri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Rare inclusive $B$ decays such as $\bar{B}\to X_{s(d)} \ell^+\ell^-$ are interesting probes for physics beyond the Standard Model. Due to the complementarity to their exclusive counterparts, they might shed light on the anomalies currently seen in exclusive $b \to s$ transitions. Distinguishing new-physics effects from the Standard Model requires precise predictions and necessitates the control of long distance effects. In the present work we revisit and improve the description of various long distance effects in inclusive decays such as charmonium and light-quark resonances, nonfactorisable power corrections, and cascade decays. We then apply these results to a state-of-the-art phenomenological study of $\bar{B}\to X_d \ell^+\ell^-$, including also logarithmically enhanced QED corrections and the recently calculated five-body contributions. To fully exploit the new-physics potential of inclusive flavour-changing neutral current decays, the $\bar{B}\to X_d \ell^+\ell^-$ observables should be measured in a dedicated Belle II analysis.
description: 51 pages, 7 figures. Minor modifications. Matches published version
Massless DKP fields in Riemann-Cartan space-times
Creators: name: Casana, R.
name: Fainberg, V. Ya.
name: Pimentel, B. M.
name: Lunardi, J. T.
name: Teixeira, R. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study massless Duffin-Kemmer-Petiau (DKP) fields in the context of Einstein-Cartan gravitation theory, interacting via minimal coupling procedure. In the case of an identically vanishing torsion (Riemannian space-times) we show that there exists local gauge symmetries which reproduce the usual gauge symmetries for the massless scalar and electromagnetic fields. On the other hand, similarly to what happens with the Maxwell theory, a non-vanishing torsion, in general, breaks the usual U(1) local gauge symmetry of the electromagnetic field or, in a different point of view, impose conditions on the torsion.
description: 10 pages, no figure. Changes in the presentation, reduced size
Savings and technology choice for risk averse farmers
Creators: name: Brennan, Donna C.
name: Brennan, Donna C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Farm Management
Risk and Uncertainty

description: Farmers in developing countries have limited opportunities for borrowing to even out variability associated with risky farm income, but they can save. A dynamic programming model of savings is presented in the current paper which examines optimal savings strategies for farmers, using a case study of integrated rice-shrimp farms in Vietnam. It is shown that when savings are accounted for, the expected utility ranking of different risky farm choices may not differ that much between farmers with different levels of risk aversion.