cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Three-body radiation dynamics in systems with anisotropic nanoparticles
Creators: name: Nikbakht, Moladad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The time evolution of temperatures of anisotropic nanoparticles in two and three-body systems are simulated for various relative orientations. Nanoparticles are immersed in a thermal bath at constant temperature. It is shown that in two-body systems, the relative orientation of nanoparticles could drastically affect the dynamics of temperature evolution and thermalization time scale. Moreover, in some configurations, the temperature difference in initial state has a minor effect on the dynamics of temperatures. In three-body systems, the orientation of the third nanoparticle influences the temperature dynamics, which allows one to control the thermalization time scales between anisotropic nanoparticles. Also, in addition to previously known contribution of the smallest distance between isotropic nanoparticles on the thermalization time scales, it is shown that the nanoparticles' orientations are more important in some particular arrangements.
Quiver Hall-Littlewood functions and Kostka-Shoji polynomials
Creators: name: Orr, Daniel
name: Shimozono, Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: For any triple $(i,a,μ)$ consisting of a vertex $i$ in a quiver $Q$, a positive integer $a$, and a dominant $GL_a$-weight $μ$, we define a quiver current $H^{(i,a)}_μ$ acting on the tensor power $Λ^Q$ of symmetric functions over the vertices of $Q$. These provide a quiver generalization of parabolic Garsia-Jing creation operators in the theory of Hall-Littlewood symmetric functions. For a triple $(\mathbf{i},\mathbf{a},μ(\bullet))$ of sequences of such data, we define the quiver Hall-Littlewood function $H^{\mathbf{i},\mathbf{a}}_{μ(\bullet)}$ as the result of acting on $1\inΛ^Q$ by the corresponding sequence of quiver currents. The quiver Kostka-Shoji polynomials are the expansion coefficients of $H^{\mathbf{i},\mathbf{a}}_{μ(\bullet)}$ in the tensor Schur basis. These polynomials include the Kostka-Foulkes polynomials and parabolic Kostka polynomials (Jordan quiver) and the Kostka-Shoji polynomials (cyclic quiver) as special cases. We show that the quiver Kostka-Shoji polynomials are graded multiplicities in the equivariant Euler characteristic of a vector bundle on Lusztig's convolution diagram determined by the sequences $\mathbf{i},\mathbf{a}$. For certain compositions of currents we conjecture higher cohomology vanishing of the associated vector bundle on Lusztig's convolution diagram. For quivers with no branching we propose an explicit positive formula for the quiver Kostka-Shoji polynomials in terms of catabolizable multitableaux. We also relate our constructions to $K$-theoretic Hall algebras, by realizing the quiver Kostka-Shoji polynomials as natural structure constants and showing that the quiver currents provide a symmetric function lifting of the corresponding shuffle product. In the case of a cyclic quiver, we explain how the quiver currents arise in Saito's vertex representation of the quantum toroidal algebra of type $\mathfrak{sl}_r$.
Fluctuations and Shape of Cooperative Rearranging Regions in Glass-Forming Liquids
Creators: name: Biroli, Giulio
name: Cammarota, Chiara
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a theory of amorphous interfaces in glass-forming liquids. We show that the statistical properties of these surfaces, which separate regions characterized by different amorphous arrangements of particles, coincide with the ones of domain walls in the random field Ising model. A major consequence of our results is that super-cooled liquids are characterized by two different static lengths: the point-to-set $ξ_{PS}$ which is a measure of the spatial extent of cooperative rearranging regions and the wandering length $ξ_\perp$ which is related to the fluctuations of their shape. We find that $ξ_\perp$ grows when approaching the glass transition but slower than $ξ_{PS}$. The wandering length increases as $s_c^{-1/2}$, where $s_c$ is the configurational entropy. Our results strengthen the relationship with the random field Ising model found in recent works. They are in agreement with previous numerical studies of amorphous interfaces and provide a theoretical framework for explaining numerical and experimental findings on pinned particle systems and static lengths in glass-forming liquids.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures
Expansions of Iterated Stratonovich Stochastic Integrals of Multiplicities 1 to 4. Combained Approach Based on Generalized Multiple and Iterated Fourier series
Creators: name: Kuznetsov, Dmitriy F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The article is devoted to the expansions of iterated Stratonovich stochastic integrals of multiplicities 1 to 4 on the base of the combined approach of generalized multiple and iterated Fourier series. We consider two different parts of the expansion of iterated Stratonovich stochastic integrals. The mean-square convergence of the first part is proved on the base of generalized multiple Fourier series that are converge in the sense of norm in Hilbert space $L_2([t, T]^k),$ $k=1,2,3,4.$ The mean-square convergence of the second part is proved on the base of generalized iterated Fourier series that are converge pointwise. At that, we do not use the iterated Ito stochastic integrals as a tool of the proof and directly consider the iterated Stratonovich stochastic integrals. The cases of multiple Fourier-Legendre series and multiple trigonometric Fourier series are considered in detail. The considered expansions contain only one operation of the limit transition in contrast to its existing analogues. This property is very important for the mean-square approximation of iterated stochastic integrals. The results of the article can be applied to the numerical integration of Ito stochastic differential equations.
description: 46 pages. Minor changes. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1801.01564, text overlap with arXiv:1712.09746, arXiv:1801.00231, arXiv:1801.03195, arXiv:1712.09516, arXiv:1801.06501, arXiv:1712.08991
A Conceptual Model of Pathogen-Specific Hazards in Pit Latrines Over Time
Creators: name: Fleming, Lisa
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: A conceptual model of pathogen-specific hazards in pit latrines over time is presented. The development, limitations, and results of an illustrative application of the model are reviewed. Literature reviews were conducted to determine the required model inputs of each reference pathogen included in the illustrative application. Findings of the reviews are included. Results of the illustrative model application indicate hazard reaches a steady-state equilibrium and the majority of cumulative hazard for a two-year latrine use period is contributed in the most recent month. As a result of these behavioral trends, we found manipulating pit emptying frequency (or pit fill rates) and utilizing double pit technology could have large impacts on the relative hazard posed by a community’s pit latrine waste stream. Our model also provides evidence that unless sewerage with wastewater treatment is of relatively high quality, it may be no more effective than properly managed pit latrines at reducing pathogens.
Protecting People from Phishing: The Design and Evaluation of an Embedded Training Email System
Creators: name: Ponnurangam  Kumaraguru
name: Rhee, Yong
name: Acquisti, Alessandro
name: Cranor, Lorrie Faith
name: Hong, Jason
name: Nunge, Elizabeth
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 80399 Computer Software not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Phishing attacks, in which criminals lure Internet users to
websites that impersonate legitimate sites, are occurring with
increasing frequency and are causing considerable harm to
victims. In this paper we describe the design and evaluation
of an embedded training email system that teaches people
about phishing during their normal use of email. We
conducted lab experiments contrasting the effectiveness of
standard security notices about phishing with two embedded
training designs we developed. We found that embedded
training works better than the current practice of sending
security notices. We also derived sound design principles for
embedded training systems.
Global Oscillation Pattern in Succeeding Solar Flares
Creators: name: Gyenge, N.
name: Erdélyi, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The temporal recurrence of micro-flare events is studied in a time interval before and after of major solar flares. Our sample is based on the x-ray flare observations by the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES) and Reuven Ramaty High Energy Solar Spectroscopic Imager (RHESSI). The analysed data contains 1330/301 M- and X-class GOES/RHESSI energetic solar flares and 4062/4119 GOES/RHESSI micro-flares covering the period elapsed since 2002. The temporal analysis of recurrence, by Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), of the micro-flares shows multiple significant periods. Based on the GOES and RHESSI data, the temporal analysis also demonstrates that multiple periods manifest simultaneously in both statistical samples without any significant shift over time. In the GOES sample, the detected significant periods are: $11.33$, $5.61$, $3.75$, $2.80$ and $2.24$ minutes. The RHESSI data shows similar significant periods at $8.54$, $5.28$, $3.66$, $2.88$ and $2.19$ minutes. The periods are interpreted as signatures of standing oscillations, with the longest period ($P_{1}$) being the fundamental and others as higher harmonic modes. The period ratio of the fundamental and higher harmonics ($P_{1}/P_{N}$) is also analysed. The standing modes may be signatures of global oscillations of the entire solar atmosphere encompassing magnetised plasma from photosphere to corona in active regions.
Minimum Distance Approach to Inference with Many Instruments
Creators: name: Kolesár, Michal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: I analyze a linear instrumental variables model with a single endogenous regressor and many instruments. I use invariance arguments to construct a new minimum distance objective function. With respect to a particular weight matrix, the minimum distance estimator is equivalent to the random effects estimator of Chamberlain and Imbens (2004), and the estimator of the coefficient on the endogenous regressor coincides with the limited information maximum likelihood estimator. This weight matrix is inefficient unless the errors are normal, and I construct a new, more efficient estimator based on the optimal weight matrix. Finally, I show that when the minimum distance objective function does not impose a proportionality restriction on the reduced-form coefficients, the resulting estimator corresponds to a version of the bias-corrected two-stage least squares estimator. I use the objective function to construct confidence intervals that remain valid when the proportionality restriction is violated.
description: 43 pages plus 9 page supplement
Spin-orbit controlled quantum capacitance of a polar heterostructure
Creators: name: Steffen, Kevin
name: Loder, Florian
name: Kopp, Thilo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Oxide heterostructures with polar films display special electronic properties, such as the electronic reconstruction at their internal interfaces with the formation of two-dimensional metallic states. Moreover, the electrical field from the polar layers is inversion-symmetry breaking and generates a Rashba spin-orbit coupling (RSOC) in the interfacial electronic system. We investigate the quantum capacitance of a heterostructure in which a sizeable RSOC at a metallic interface is controlled by the electric field of a surface electrode. Such a structure is, for example, given by a LaAlO_3 film on a SrTiO_3 substrate which is gated by a top electrode. Such heterostructures can exhibit a strong enhancement of their capacitance [Li et al., Science 332, 825 (2011)]. The capacitance is related to the electronic compressibility of the heterostructure, but the two quantities are not equivalent. In fact, the transfer of charge to the interface controls the relation between capacitance and compressibility. We find that due to a strong RSOC, the quantum capacitance can be larger than the classical geometric value. However, in contrast to the results of recent investigations [Caprara et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 109, 196401 (2012); Bucheli et al., Phys. Rev. B 89, 195448 (2014); Seibold et al., Europhys. Lett. 109, 17006 (2015)] the compressibility does not become negative for realistic parameter values for LaAlO_3/SrTiO_3 and, therefore, we find that no phase-separated state is induced by the strong RSOC at these interfaces.
Additional file 1 of Associations between DNA methylation and gene regulation depend on chromatin accessibility during transgenerational plasticity
Creators: name: Bogan, Samuel N.
name: Strader, Marie E.
name: Hofmann, Gretchen E.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Tables S1–S2. Summaries of posterior probabilities for parameters from differential expression and differential exon use models. Figs. S1–S6. Plots of ATAC-seq quality checks and relationships among baseline or differential accessibility, DNA methylation, and gene expression. Fig. S7–S12. Figures plotting quality checks of differential expression model. Fig. S13–S18. Figures plotting quality checks of differential exon use model.
The Appeal Of Lemons: Appearance And Meaning In Mid Seventeenth-Century Dutch Paintings
Creators: name: Piepmeier, Mary
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: In the seventeenth century, Dutch artists produced over a quarter-million paintings that reflected a thriving global market and socio-cultural responses to prosperity. Although markets overflowed with new commodities depicted in paintings, the lemon held a prominent place. Despite increasing art historical interest in the specific elements of Dutch paintings, the lemon has received little scholarly attention. This thesis explores the prevalence of lemons in seventeenth-century still life and genre paintings and argues that their recurrent presence indicates the multivalent significance of lemons for both viewer and artist through three levels of meaning. The representations of lemons describe their numerous functions: they represent market and culinary practices, they are objects that convey interest in Greek mythology and Protestant moral values, and they reflect interest in vision and perception. “Reading” lemons in specific visual contexts through the lens of contemporary treatises offers viewers insight into how the Dutch saw and made meaning.
Predicting Concreteness and Imageability of Words Within and Across Languages via Word Embeddings
Creators: name: Ljubešić, Nikola
name: Fišer, Darja
name: Peti-Stantić, Anita
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The notions of concreteness and imageability, traditionally important in psycholinguistics, are gaining significance in semantic-oriented natural language processing tasks. In this paper we investigate the predictability of these two concepts via supervised learning, using word embeddings as explanatory variables. We perform predictions both within and across languages by exploiting collections of cross-lingual embeddings aligned to a single vector space. We show that the notions of concreteness and imageability are highly predictable both within and across languages, with a moderate loss of up to 20% in correlation when predicting across languages. We further show that the cross-lingual transfer via word embeddings is more efficient than the simple transfer via bilingual dictionaries.
A compact $G_2$-calibrated manifold with first Betti number $b_1=1$
Creators: name: Fernández, Marisa
name: Fino, Anna
name: Kovalev, Alexei
name: Muñoz, Vicente
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C38, 53C15, 17B30, 22E25

description: We construct a compact formal 7-manifold with a closed $G_2$-structure and with first Betti number $b_1=1$, which does not admit any torsion-free $G_2$-structure, that is, it does not admit any $G_2$-structure such that the holonomy group of the associated metric is a subgroup of $G_2$. We also construct associative calibrated (hence volume-minimizing) 3-tori with respect to this closed $G_2$-structure and, for each of those 3-tori, we show a 3-dimensional family of non-trivial associative deformations. We also construct a fibration of our 7-manifold over $S^2\times S^1$ with generic fiber a (non-calibrated) coassociative 4-torus and some singular fibers.
description: 32 pages, v2 new results on the associative 3-folds, new section on the coassociative 4-folds. v3 corrected a mistake in the proof of Thm.17. v4 corrected the proof of the formality of the resolution (Prop.24). v6: changes made after publication: corrected the calculation of the fixed point sets in eqn.(10) and on p.23, minor simplification before Prop.17, Remark 18 rewritten
Reconciling Mobile App Privacy and Usability on Smartphones: Could User Privacy Profiles Help? (CMU-CS-13-128, CMU-ISR-13-114)
Creators: name: Liu, Bin
name: Jialiu  Lin
name: Sadeh-Koniecpol, Norman
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 80399 Computer Software not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: As they compete for developers, mobile app ecosystems have been exposing a growing number of APIs through their software development kits. Many of these APIs involve accessing sensitive functionality and/or user data and require approval by users. Android for instance allows developers to select from over 130 possible permissions. Expecting users to review and possibly adjust settings related to these permissions has proven unrealistic.
In this paper, we report on the results of a study analyzing people’s privacy preferences when it comes to granting permissions to different mobile apps. Our results suggest that, while people’s mobile app privacy preferences are diverse, a relatively small number of profiles can be identified that offer the promise of significantly simplifying the decisions mobile users have to make.
Specifically, our results are based on the analysis of settings of 4.8 million smartphone users of a mobile security and privacy platform. The platform relies on a rooted version of Android where users are allowed to choose between “granting”, “denying” or “requesting to be dynamically prompted” when it comes to granting 12 different Android permissions to mobile apps they have downloaded.
A relativistically interacting exactly solvable multi-time model for two mass-less Dirac particles in 1+1 dimensions
Creators: name: Lienert, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The question how to Lorentz transform an N-particle wave function naturally leads to the concept of a so-called multi-time wave function, i.e. a map from (space-time)^N to a spin space. This concept was originally proposed by Dirac as the basis of relativistic quantum mechanics. In such a view, interaction potentials are mathematically inconsistent. This fact motivates the search for new mechanisms for relativistic interactions. In this paper, we explore the idea that relativistic interaction can be described by boundary conditions on the set of coincidence points of two particles in space-time. This extends ideas from zero-range physics to a relativistic setting. We illustrate the idea at the simplest model which still possesses essential physical properties like Lorentz invariance and a positive definite density: two-time equations for mass-less Dirac particles in 1+1 dimensions. In order to deal with a spatio-temporally non-trivial domain, a necessity in the multi-time picture, we develop a new method to prove existence and uniqueness of classical solutions: a generalized version of the method of characteristics. Both mathematical and physical considerations are combined to precisely formulate and answer the questions of probability conservation, Lorentz invariance, interaction and antisymmetry.
description: Submitted to J. Math. Phys.; 27 pages, 2 figures v2: small errors corrected
Research Opportunities in the Virtual Agora: Market Aspects of Open Resource Coalitions
Creators: name: Shaw, Mary
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 80399 Computer Software not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: For at least a decade, we have looked forward to an open market for software components and services. Recent advances in networking have created in the Internet a fertile environment for the creation and distribution of components, and we see a rich potential for value-added as well as primary goods. However, the economic infrastructure for an open market in software resources is still lacking, and support for automation of the marketplace is scant indeed. The prospect of automatically identifying, procuring, and integrating network-based resources intensifies the need to provide a robust economic infrastructure. We sketch the requirements for an electronic marketplace in software goods and services, explores some of the remaining shortfalls, and identify research opportunities.
The Ackland Sophia: contextualizing, interpreting, and "containing" wisdom
Creators: name: Deyneka, Alexandra
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: The portable Russian icon, Sophia, Holy Wisdom, located at the Ackland Art Museum, unveils several inter-dependent theological meanings, mediating between text and image and figure and pre-figuration. This paper focuses on the Ackland Sophia within the framework of its Novgorodian prototype, examining the influence of visual and textual sources on the interpretation of Wisdom iconography, and addressing the effects of the religious and intellectual climate in Novgorod and Moscow at the turn of the sixteenth century on its development. The intention of this analysis is to contribute to a growing body of research, enhancing the accessibility of the Ackland collection.
Guiding Deep Learning System Testing using Surprise Adequacy
Creators: name: Kim, Jinhan
name: Feldt, Robert
name: Yoo, Shin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Deep Learning (DL) systems are rapidly being adopted in safety and security critical domains, urgently calling for ways to test their correctness and robustness. Testing of DL systems has traditionally relied on manual collection and labelling of data. Recently, a number of coverage criteria based on neuron activation values have been proposed. These criteria essentially count the number of neurons whose activation during the execution of a DL system satisfied certain properties, such as being above predefined thresholds. However, existing coverage criteria are not sufficiently fine grained to capture subtle behaviours exhibited by DL systems. Moreover, evaluations have focused on showing correlation between adversarial examples and proposed criteria rather than evaluating and guiding their use for actual testing of DL systems. We propose a novel test adequacy criterion for testing of DL systems, called Surprise Adequacy for Deep Learning Systems (SADL), which is based on the behaviour of DL systems with respect to their training data. We measure the surprise of an input as the difference in DL system's behaviour between the input and the training data (i.e., what was learnt during training), and subsequently develop this as an adequacy criterion: a good test input should be sufficiently but not overtly surprising compared to training data. Empirical evaluation using a range of DL systems from simple image classifiers to autonomous driving car platforms shows that systematic sampling of inputs based on their surprise can improve classification accuracy of DL systems against adversarial examples by up to 77.5% via retraining.
Improved AlphaFold modeling with implicit experimental information.
Creators: name: Terwilliger, Thomas C
name: Poon, Billy K
name: Afonine, Pavel V
name: Schlicksup, Christopher J
name: Croll, Tristan I
name: Millán, Claudia
name: Richardson, Jane S
name: Read, Randy J
name: Adams, Paul D
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Article
/631/1647/2258
/631/1647/794
article

description: Funder: National Institutes of Health GM063210
description: Funder: Department of Energy National Nuclear Security Administration DE-AC52-06NA25396 Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory DE-AC02-05CH11231 The Phenix Industrial Consortium National Institutes of Health GM063210
description: Machine-learning prediction algorithms such as AlphaFold and RoseTTAFold can create remarkably accurate protein models, but these models usually have some regions that are predicted with low confidence or poor accuracy. We hypothesized that by implicitly including new experimental information such as a density map, a greater portion of a model could be predicted accurately, and that this might synergistically improve parts of the model that were not fully addressed by either machine learning or experiment alone. An iterative procedure was developed in which AlphaFold models are automatically rebuilt on the basis of experimental density maps and the rebuilt models are used as templates in new AlphaFold predictions. We show that including experimental information improves prediction beyond the improvement obtained with simple rebuilding guided by the experimental data. This procedure for AlphaFold modeling with density has been incorporated into an automated procedure for interpretation of crystallographic and electron cryo-microscopy maps.
Incompatible double posets and double order polytopes
Creators: name: Benjes, Aenne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 06A07, 52B05, 52B12, 52B20

description: In 1986 Stanley associated to a poset the order polytope. The close interplay between its combinatorial and geometric properties makes the order polytope an object of tremendous interest. Double posets were introduced in 2011 by Malvenuto and Reutenauer as a generalization of Stanleys labelled posets. A double poset is a finite set equipped with two partial orders. To a double poset Chappell, Friedl and Sanyal (2017) associated the double order polytope. They determined the combinatorial structure for the class of compatible double posets. In this paper we generalize their description to all double posets and we classify the 2-level double order polytopes.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures
Programmability and Heuristics in the User Interface
Creators: name: Myers, Brad
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 80399 Computer Software not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Computers have already saturated businesses, and an estimated 80% of all salaried workers will work at computers by the year 2000. Computers are also in 34% of all homes in the US, including 38% of all families with children under 18. Increasingly, these computers are used for recreation, education and information gathering, in addition to the more conventional business tasks of word processing, financial calculations and databases. Over eight in ten families planning a PC purchase in the next year cite ``children's educational use'' as the reason for the purchase. [from EDP Weekly, by Computer Age, Vol. 36, no. 41, Oct. 23, 1995. For these an many other statistics about computers, see http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~bam/numbers.html.]
RADIATION-INDUCED OSTEOPOROSIS: A LOOK INTO THE CHANGES IN TRABECULAR BONE AFTER EXPOSURE TO ACUTE AND FRACTIONATED IONIZING RADIATION USING MICE MODEL
Creators: name: Lai, Eric
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: Radiation therapy is an important tool in the treatment of women with gynecologic cancers. An increased incidence of spontaneous hip fractures is observed in women after receiving therapeutic irradiation.
        In this study, we explored the relationship between dosage and bone health by exposing sixteen-week-old C57BL6/J mice to both acute and fractionated dosages of ionizing radiation. The mice were divided into three groups – 18 Gy single acute dose, 3 x 6 Gy fractionated dose and non-irradiated controls. Bones were collected 14 days after irradiation. MicroCT and finite element analyses were used to characterize microarchitectural and structural changes in the proximal metaphysis of the tibia.
        Trabecular volume, connectivity density and bone mineral density all declined in the irradiated groups. The fractionated dose group did not demonstrate different bone loss than the single acute dose group in a statistically significant way. Further work is required to elucidate the complex relationship between single acute dose and its fractionated counterpart.
Additional file 1 of Multiple and diversified transposon lineages contribute to early and recent bivalve genome evolution
Creators: name: Martelossi, Jacopo
name: Nicolini, Filippo
name: Subacchi, Simone
name: Pasquale, Daniela
name: Ghiselli, Fabrizio
name: Luchetti, Andrea
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Source and information of the 39 analyzed assemblies.
Stability of restrictions of cotangent bundles of irreducible Hermitian symmetric spaces of compact type
Creators: name: Biswas, Indranil
name: Chaput, Pierre-Emmanuel
name: Mourougane, Christophe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 32M15, 32Q26 (primary) 14J60, 14F17, 14N25 (secondary)

description: It is known that the cotangent bundle $Ω_Y$ of an irreducible Hermitian symmetric space $Y$ of compact type is stable. Except for a few obvious exceptions, we show that if $X \subset Y$ is a complete intersection such that $Pic(Y) \to Pic(X)$ is surjective, then the restriction $Ω_{Y|X}$ is stable. We then address some cases where the Picard group increases by restriction.
description: Results and exposition improved
Protocolo de revisão de escopo rápida sobre necessidades de cuidados de pessoas com traqueostomia em serviços de saúde, na comunidade ou no domicílio
Creators: name: Uchimura, Liza Yurie Teruya
name: Figueiró, Mabel Fernandes
name: Yonekura, Tatiana
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Traqueostomia, Cuidados de Saúde, Revisão rápida

description: Objetivo: Identificar as necessidades de cuidados para pessoas com traqueostomia em serviços de saúde, na comunidade e/ou no domicílio. Metodologia: será realizada uma revisão de escopo rápida seguindo as recomendações do Instituto Joanna Briggs. A busca dos estudos será realizada nas seguintes fontes de informações: PubMed, Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), Epistemonikos e EMBASE. As etapas de triagem pelo título e resumo e leitura do texto integral dos estudos serão realizadas por um revisor e conferida por outro. No caso de divergências na seleção dos estudos, estas serão resolvidas por um terceiro revisor. A extração dos dados será realizada, a partir dos seguintes tópicos: autor, ano, tipo de revisão, países dos estudos incluídos, nível de atenção, tipo de cuidado, descrição do cuidado e do público-alvo; resultados e limitações. Os resultados desta revisão serão analisados e sintetizados de maneira descritiva de acordo com a identificação dos cuidados.
On nonparametric estimation of a mixing density via the predictive recursion algorithm
Creators: name: Martin, Ryan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Nonparametric estimation of a mixing density based on observations from the corresponding mixture is a challenging statistical problem. This paper surveys the literature on a fast, recursive estimator based on the predictive recursion algorithm. After introducing the algorithm and giving a few examples, I summarize the available asymptotic convergence theory, describe an important semiparametric extension, and highlight two interesting applications. I conclude with a discussion of several recent developments in this area and some open problems.
description: 22 pages, 5 figures. Comments welcome at https://www.researchers.one/article/2018-12-5
It's Still Not the Economy Stupid!: An Examination of Political Party Support for European Integration
Creators: name: Smith, William
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Graduate School
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Political science
subject: FOS: Political science

description: Since the early 1990s, there has undoubtedly been an increase in euroskepticism, both among national political parties and among the general public. The literature has identified two general causes---concerns over national identity and utilitarian cost/benefit analyses. Originally, utilitarian concerns were thought to be the primary motivator, but research post-Maastricht introduced the idea that citizens' national identity may also be a driver. Recent research has concluded that, indeed, both are strong predictors of euroskepticism. But which offers more insight into the motivations behind euroskepticism? And in a broader sense, how does the issue of "Europe" relate to the more well-established cleavages along with political parties compete? Drawing on data from the 2010 Chapel Hill Expert Survey and utilizing OLS regression, I attempt to answer these questions. Overall, I find that national identity concerns---rather than socioeconomic concerns---are the more potent predictor of euroskeptic tendencies. But more importantly, I demonstrate that competition over European integration has been largely integrated into the broader cultural and economic cleavages that define domestic political competition.
Real-Time Scheduling of Sensor-Based Control Systems
Creators: name: Stewart, David B.
name: Khosla, Pradeep
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 80399 Computer Software not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Many sensor-based control systems are dynamically changing, and thus require a flexible scheduler. The rate monotonic (RM) real-time scheduling algorithm does not support such dynamic systems very well. On the other hand, with earliest-deadline-first (EDF) and minimum-laxity-first (MLF) dynamic scheduling algorithms, a transient overload in the system may cause a critical task to fail, which is certainly undesirable. This paper proposes a new real-time scheduling algorithm, which we call maximum-urgency-first (MUF), which combines the advantages of the RM, EDF, and MLF algorithms. Like EDF and MLF, MUF has a schedulable bound of 100% for the critical set. And like RM, a critical set can be defined that is guaranteed to meet all its deadlines. The MUF algorithm also allows the scheduler to detect three forms of deadline failures, and call failure handler routines for tasks which fail to meet their deadlines. The MUF scheduler has been implemented as the default scheduler of CHIMERA II, a real-time operating system being used to control sensor-based control systems both at Carnegie Mellon University and elsewhere. There are still many issues to be addressed with regards to the MUF algorithm. This paper also presents those issues, with possible approaches that should be investigated further.
Ahead of Time Mutation Based Fault Localisation using Statistical Inference
Creators: name: Kim, Jinhan
name: An, Gabin
name: Feldt, Robert
name: Yoo, Shin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Mutation analysis can effectively capture the dependency between source code and test results. This has been exploited by Mutation Based Fault Localisation (MBFL) techniques. However, MBFL techniques suffer from the need to expend the high cost of mutation analysis after the observation of failures, which may present a challenge for its practical adoption. We introduce SIMFL (Statistical Inference for Mutation-based Fault Localisation), an MBFL technique that allows users to perform the mutation analysis in advance before a failure is observed, allowing the amortisation of the analysis cost. SIMFL uses mutants as artificial faults and aims to learn the failure patterns among test cases against different locations of mutations. Once a failure is observed, SIMFL requires either almost no or very small additional cost for analysis, depending on the used inference model. An empirical evaluation using Defects4J shows that SIMFL can successfully localise up to 113 out of 203 studied faults (55%) at the top, and 159 (78%) faults within the top five, significantly outperforming existing MBFL techniques while using the results of mutation analysis that has been undertaken before the test failure. The amortised cost of mutation analysis can be further reduced by mutation sampling: SIMFL retains 80% of its localisation accuracy at the top rank when using only 10% of generated mutants, compared to results obtained without sampling.
description: To be published at 32nd IEEE International Symposium on Software Reliability Engineering (ISSRE 2021)
Measurements of the Intensity and Polarization of the Anomalous Microwave Emission in the Perseus molecular complex with QUIJOTE
Creators: name: Génova-Santos, R.
name: Rubiño-Martín, J. A.
name: Rebolo, R.
name: Peláez-Santos, A.
name: López-Caraballo, C. H.
name: Harper, S.
name: Watson, R. A.
name: Ashdown, M.
name: Barreiro, R. B.
name: Casaponsa, B.
name: Dickinson, C.
name: Diego, J. M.
name: Fernández-Cobos, R.
name: Grainge, K. J. B.
name: Herranz, D.
name: Hoyland, R.
name: Lasenby, A.
name: López-Caniego, M.
name: Martínez-González, E.
name: McCulloch, M.
name: Melhuish, S.
name: Piccirillo, L.
name: Perrott, Y. C.
name: Poidevin, F.
name: Razavi-Ghods, N.
name: Scott, P. F.
name: Titterington, D.
name: Tramonte, D.
name: Vielva, P.
name: Vignaga, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Anomalous microwave emission (AME) has been observed in numerous sky regions, in the frequency range ~10-60 GHz. One of the most scrutinized regions is G159.6-18.5, located within the Perseus molecular complex. In this paper we present further observations of this region (194 hours in total over ~250 deg^2), both in intensity and in polarization. They span four frequency channels between 10 and 20 GHz, and were gathered with QUIJOTE, a new CMB experiment with the goal of measuring the polarization of the CMB and Galactic foregrounds. When combined with other publicly-available intensity data, we achieve the most precise spectrum of the AME measured to date, with 13 independent data points being dominated by this emission. The four QUIJOTE data points provide the first independent confirmation of the downturn of the AME spectrum at low frequencies, initially unveiled by the COSMOSOMAS experiment in this region. We accomplish an accurate fit of these data using models based on electric dipole emission from spinning dust grains, and also fit some of the parameters on which these models depend. We also present polarization maps with an angular resolution of ~1 deg and a sensitivity of ~25 muK/beam. From these maps, which are consistent with zero polarization, we obtain upper limits of Pi<6.3% and <2.8% (95% C.L.) respectively at 12 and 18 GHz, a frequency range where no AME polarization observations have been reported to date. These constraints are compatible with theoretical predictions of the polarization fraction from electric dipole emission originating from spinning dust grains. At the same time, they rule out several models based on magnetic dipole emission from dust grains ordered in a single magnetic domain, which predict higher polarization levels. Future QUIJOTE data in this region may allow more stringent constraints on the polarization level of the AME.
description: Submitted to MNRAS. 17 pages, 8 figures
On-shell interference effects in Higgs final states
Creators: name: Englert, Christoph
name: Low, Ian
name: Spannowsky, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Top quark loops in Higgs production via gluon fusion at large invariant final state masses can induce important interference effects in searches for additional Higgs bosons as predicted in, e.g., Higgs portal scenarios and the MSSM when the heavy scalar is broad or the final state resolution is poor. Currently, the limit setting as performed by both ATLAS and CMS is based on injecting a heavy Higgs-like signal neglecting interference effects. In this paper, we perform a study of such "on-shell" interference effects in $pp\to ZZ$ and find that they lead to a $\lesssim{\cal{O}}(30%)$ width scheme-dependent modification of the signal strength. Including the continuum contributions to obtain e.g. the full $pp\to ZZ \to 4\ell$ final state, this modification is reduced to the 10% level in the considered intermediate mass range.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
Even maps, the Colin de~Verdière number and representations of graphs
Creators: name: Kaluža, Vojtěch
name: Tancer, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Van der Holst and Pendavingh introduced a graph parameter $σ$, which coincides with the more famous Colin de Verdière graph parameter $μ$ for small values. However, the definition of $σ$ is much more geometric/topological directly reflecting embeddability properties of the graph. They proved $μ(G) \leq σ(G) + 2$ and conjectured $μ(G) \leq σ(G)$ for any graph $G$. We confirm this conjecture. As far as we know, this is the first topological upper bound on $μ(G)$ which is, in general, tight. Equality between $μ$ and $σ$ does not hold in general as van der Holst and Pendavingh showed that there is a graph $G$ with $μ(G) \leq 18$ and $σ(G)\geq 20$. We show that the gap appears on much smaller values, namely, we exhibit a graph $H$ for which $μ(H)\leq 7$ and $σ(H)\geq 8$. We also prove that, in general, the gap can be large: The incidence graphs $H_q$ of finite projective planes of order $q$ satisfy $μ(H_q) \in O(q^{3/2})$ and $σ(H_q) \geq q^2$.
description: 28 pages, 4 figures. In v2 we slightly changed one of the core definitions (previously "extended representation" now "semivalid representation"). We also use it to introduce a new graph parameter, denoted eta, which did not appear in v1. It allows us to establish an extended version of the main result showing that mu(G) is at most eta(G) which is at most sigma(G) for every graph G
Attenuation correction with Region Growing Method used in the Positron Emission Mammography System
Creators: name: Gu, Xiao-Yue
name: Li, Lin
name: Yin, Peng-Fei
name: Yun, Ming-Kai
name: Pei, Chai
name: Fan, Xin
name: Huang, Xian-Chao
name: Sun, Xiao-Li
name: Wei, Long
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Positron Emission Mammography imaging system (PEMi) is a nuclear medicine diagnosis method dedicated for breast imaging. It provides a better resolution in detection of millimeter-sized breast tumors than whole-body PET. To address the requirement of semi-quantitative analysis with the radiotracer concentration map of the breast, a new attenuation correction method based on three-dimensional seeded region growing image segmentation (3DSRG-AC) solution was developed. The method gives a 3D connected region as the segmentation result instead of image slices. The continuously segmentation property makes this new method free of activity variation of breast tissues. Threshold value chosen is the key point for the segmentation process. The first valley of the grey level histogram of the reconstruction image is set as the lower threshold, which works fine in clinical application. Results show that attenuation correction for PEMi improves the image quality and the quantitative accuracy of radioactivity distribution determination. Attenuation correction also improves the probabilities to detect small and early breast tumors.
Additional file 2 of Multiple and diversified transposon lineages contribute to early and recent bivalve genome evolution
Creators: name: Martelossi, Jacopo
name: Nicolini, Filippo
name: Subacchi, Simone
name: Pasquale, Daniela
name: Ghiselli, Fabrizio
name: Luchetti, Andrea
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology

description: Additional file 2: Fig. S1. Schematic representation of the workflow used to create automatically generated repeat libraries and mined LINEs and DDE/D related transposons with ORF evidence (see “Mining and annotation of interspersed repeats” and “ORF-based annotation of RT containing LINEs and Class II DDE/D elements” sections).
The deformed Hermitian Yang-Mills equation on three-folds
Creators: name: Pingali, Vamsi Pritham
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We prove an existence result for the deformed Hermitian Yang-Mills equation for the full admissible range of the phase parameter, i.e., $\hatθ \in (\fracπ{2},\frac{3π}{2})$, on compact complex three-folds conditioned on a necessary subsolution condition. Our proof hinges on a delicate analysis of a new continuity path obtained by rewriting the equation as a generalised Monge-Ampère equation with mixed sign coefficients.
description: Corrected a few minor errors