cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Large scale geometry of commutator subgroups
Creators: name: Calegari, Danny
name: Zhuang, Dongping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20F65; 57M07

description: Let G be a finitely presented group, and G' its commutator subgroup. Let C be the Cayley graph of G' with all commutators in G as generators. Then C is large scale simply connected. Furthermore, if G is a torsion-free nonelementary word-hyperbolic group, C is one-ended. Hence (in this case), the asymptotic dimension of C is at least 2.
description: 12 pages, 2 figures; version 2 incorporates referee's comments
Additional file 1 of 5-AZA-dC induces epigenetic changes associated with modified glycosylation of secreted glycoproteins and increased EMT and migration in chemo-sensitive cancer cells
Creators: name: Greville, Gordon
name: Llop, Esther
name: Howard, Jane
name: Madden, Stephen F.
name: Perry, Antoinette S.
name: Peracaula, Rosa
name: Rudd, Pauline M.
name: McCann, Amanda
name: Saldova, Radka
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 1: Supporting data: Glycosylation gene promoter CpG island analysis
ICP-PECVD Production Tool for Industrial AlOx and Si-Based Passivation Layers
Creators: name: Roos, B.F.P.
name: Dippell, T.
name: Hohn, O.
name: Wohlfart, P.
name: Beier, B.
name: Veith-Wolf, B.
name: Siebert, M.
name: Dullweber, T.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1684-1687
description: SINGULAR is a multi chamber PECVD production tool, which allows depositing single and multi layers of
different materials on silicon solar wafers using inductively coupled plasma (ICP). One of the major features of the
ICP technology is the high plasma density at low kinetic ion energy. These plasma properties are ideal to deposit
high quality passivation layers at high deposition rate, suitable for industrial applications. We report about the study
of ICP deposited multi-layers of SiNx, SiOxNy and AlOx for the application as rear side passivation on silicon solar
cells. The industrial application of these films on the SINGULAR production tool platform is discussed. A special
focus will be placed on a-SiOxNy/SiNx and AlOx/SiNx layer stacks. Key parameters like deposition rate, effective
carrier life times and fire stability are presented.
Topological gyrogroups with Frechet-Urysohn property and omega^{omega}-base
Creators: name: Bao, Meng
name: Zhang, Xiaoyuan
name: Xu, Xiaoquan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Topology (math.GN)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 54A20, secondary 11B05, 26A03, 40A05, 40A30, 40A99

description: The concept of topological gyrogroups is a generalization of a topological group. In this work, ones prove that a topological gyrogroup G is metrizable iff G has an ωω-base and G is Frechet-Urysohn. Moreover, in topological gyrogroups, every (countably, sequentially) compact subset being strictly (strongly) Frechet-Urysohn and having an ωω-base are all weakly three-space properties with H a closed L-subgyrogroup
description: 10 pages
Plasmonic Photovoltaics: Self-Organized Metal Nanowires on the Solar Cell Surface/Interface
Creators: name: Dmitruk, N.L.
name: Korovin, A.V.
name: Borkovskaya, O.Y.
name: Dmytruk, A.M.
name: Mamontova, I.B.
name: Mamykin, S.V.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Material Studies, New Concepts and Ultra-High Efficiency
New Materials, Cells and Modules

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 408-411
description: Comprehensive investigation of the enhancement of Au/GaAs solar cell (SC) photocurrent and efficiency
due to improving collection of photocurrent carriers and light trapping via excitation of localized (surface) plasmons (SP)
and evanescent waves-surface-plasmon polaritons (SPP) in metal (Au) nanowires has been carried out. Model of SC have
been obtained by a self-organized anisotropic chemical etching and following gold deposition on the ridges of this quasigrating
(QG) surface microrelief. The greatest effect is achieved when the ridges of relief and Au nanowires on the top of
them, respectively, are disposed perpendicularly to the contact grid lines. Such ramified grid not only increases the
transmittance of light into semiconductor, and ensure also a decrease of the surface recombination velocity with respect
to the continuous semitransparent metal contact of Schottky diode type solar cell.
Large Amplitude Switchback Turbulence: Possible Magnetic Velocity Alignment Structures
Creators: name: Wu, Honghong
name: Tu, Chuanyi
name: Wang, Xin
name: Yang, Liping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Switchbacks are widely acknowledged phenomena observed by the Parker Solar Probe and appear to occur in patches. Previous studies focused on the fluctuations at the magnetic reversals. However, the nature of the fluctuations inside the switchbacks remains unknown. Here we utilize the magnetic field data and plasma data measured by the Parker Solar Probe in the first four encounters. We investigate the fluctuations in the switchback intervals of 100 s with BR>0 at every instant and compare them to the fluctuations in the nonswitchback intervals of 100 s with theta_RB>160o at every instant. We calculate normalized cross-helicity sigma_c, normalized residual energy sigma_r, correlation coefficient C_vb between dvA and dv, Alfven ratio rA, and the amplitude of magnetic and kinetic fluctuations. We find that the switchback intervals exhibit a distribution of sigma_c similar with the nonswitchback intervals. However, the rA of switchback intervals is around 0.35, while the nonswitchback intervals have rA around 0.65, indicating the fluctuations in the switchbacks are more magnetically dominated. We also find that the distribution pattern of pixel average amplitude of both dvA and dv of switchback intervals in the C_vb-sigma_r plane show a vertical stripe feature at C_vb>0.8, illustrating the possible magnetically dominant magnetic-velocity alignment structure. These results will help us to understand the nature and the formation of the switchback turbulence.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures
APPLICATION OF CYLINDRICAL GEARS IN RAILWAYS
Creators: name: Berdiqulova, Gavharshodbegim
name: Maxmudova, Shaxnoza
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Today, creating machines and aggregates that meet international standards is an urgent issue. Gears are mainly used in the machinery and equipment industry. Of the above-mentioned gears, straight-toothed cylindrical gears are used the most. In this article, the use of gears in Elektrovoz trolleys is studied.
Feasibility Study on Stability of Grid in Saudi Arabia by Adding Photovoltaic
Creators: name: Zhai, M.
name: Bagheri, B.
name: Mogi, G.
name: Bukhary, E.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: PV - a Major Electricity Source
PV in the Electricity Mix

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 4547-4552
description: This paper demonstrates how integrating photovoltaic generation and storage facilities to Saudi
Arabian electricity grid can help prevent foreseen outage and help sustain system stability by computing real-time
simulation on estimated dates in 2015. A model, which consists of baseload generation, operational reserves, PV
generation, battery storage and hypothetical load profile in Al-Riyadh administrative unit in 2015 is produced to
monitor power flow in the grid. A feedback method based on state of charging of battery is applied to avoid
overcharging/over-discharging. Simulation result proposes that by introducing 425MWp of PV generation as
equivalent substitution of traditional generation, the summer load peak can be met without violating total estimated
generation capacity for taking advantage of PV’s high capacity credit. Be generation scheduling well made without
significant error and battery storage introduced, the wasted energy due to over-generation for maintaining system
stability can be greatly reduced, so that energy efficiency is improved.
AN INVESTIGATION OF NEURAL MECHANISMS UNDERLYING VERB MORPHOLOGY DEFICITS IN APHASIA
Creators: name: Pifer, Madeline R
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Speech therapy
subject: Agrammatism
subject: Aphasia
subject: MEG
subject: Neuroimaging
subject: verb

description: Agrammatic aphasia is an acquired language disorder characterized by slow, non-fluent speech that include primarily content words. It is well-documented that people with agrammatism (PWA) have difficulty with production of verbs and verb morphology, but it is unknown whether these deficits occur at the single word-level, or are the result of a sentence-level impairment. The first aim of this paper is to determine the linguistic level that verb morphology impairments exist at by using magnetoencephalography (MEG) scanning to analyze neural response to two language tasks (one word-level, and one sentence-level). It has also been demonstrated that PWA benefit from a morphosemantic intervention for verb morphology deficits, but it is unknown if this therapy induces neuroplastic changes in the brain. The second aim of this paper is to determine whether or not neuroplastic changes occur after treatment, and explore the neural mechanisms by which this improvement occurs.
Over-Irradiance (Cloud Enhancement) Events at High Latitudes
Creators: name: Yordanov, G.H.
name: Midtgård, O.-M.
name: Sætre, T.O.
name: Nielsen, H.K.
name: Norum, L.E.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
Standardisation

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 3709-3713
description: Certain types of clouds can boost sunlight by over 1.5 times even at high latitudes. Bursts exceeding 1800 W/m2 have been observed in equatorial Africa and South America. Such numbers are striking since the extraterrestrial solar irradiance peaks at about 1400 W/m2 in January. This natural small concentration of sunlight is
attributed mainly to forward scattering of photons in optically thin clouds within a few degrees around the solar disk. The bursts can last from seconds to minutes depending on cloud speed. The strongest over-irradiances may affect PV systems and also various other areas of human life and nature. Measurements with sub-second resolution in a tilted plane have allowed for a detailed study of such events in Southern Norway (at latitude 58°21’N), almost at sea level. PV-based sensors have optimal response times for such studies, whereas thermopile pyranometers react with
significant delays. In May and June 2012, our fast sensor registered bursts reaching 1521 and 1528 W/m2,
respectively.
Observation of Topological and Parity-dependent Phase of $m=0$ Spin States
Creators: name: Usami, Koji
name: Kozuma, Mikio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A Ramsey interrogation scheme was used to measure the phase shift of laser-cooled $^{87}$Rb clock-transition pseudospins arising as a result of a reversal of a bias magnetic field, i.e., $\textbf{B} \to -\textbf{B}$, during the interrogation. While no phase shift occurred when the reversal was sudden, the Ramsey fringes were shifted by a factor of $π$ when the reversal was adiabatic. We thus verified the prediction that the spin states $|F,m=0 >$ acquire a purely topological and parity-dependent phase factor of $(-1)^{F}$ as a result of $\textbf{B} \to -\textbf{B}$.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Lindbladia E.M.Fries 1849
Creators: name: Yang, Xin-Ya
name: Wang, Sai-Yu
name: Dai, Dan
name: Zhao, Hui-Nan
name: Wang, Yang
name: Li, Xue-Fei
name: Zhang, Bo
name: Li, Yu
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Protozoa
Mycetozoa
Myxomycetes
Cribrariales
Cribrariaceae
Lindbladia

description: Key to 2 species of Lindbladia
 1. Sporocysts subcylindric, not forming a reticulation........................................................................................................... L. tubulina
 - Sporocysts subcylindric, forming a peridial reticulation at upper.............................................................................. L. cribrarioides
description: Published as part of Yang, Xin-Ya, Wang, Sai-Yu, Dai, Dan, Zhao, Hui-Nan, Wang, Yang, Li, Xue-Fei, Zhang, Bo & Li, Yu, 2023, A new species of Lycogala, and a new record of Lindbladia from China, pp. 143-153 in Phytotaxa 632 (2) on page 152, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.632.2.4, http://zenodo.org/record/10438479
Additional file 1 of The top 1%: quantifying the unequal distribution of malaria in Brazil
Creators: name: Lana, Raquel
name: Narimane Nekkab
name: Siqueira, Andre M.
name: Peterka, Cassio
name: Marchesini, Paola
name: Lacerda, Marcus
name: Mueller, Ivo
name: White, Michael
name: Villela, Daniel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Notified cases and incidence per 1000 population per year, malaria type, highest transmission state of the Amazon Basin. Figure S1. Monthly P. vivax and P. falciparum cases. Figure S2. P. vivax and P. falciparum 2018 cases stratified by municipality. Figure S3. States reporting cases imported from Venezuela. Figure S4. Proportion of P. vivax and P. falciparum cases by age group per year in each State stratified by gender. Figure S5. Proportion of cases in the top 1% of municipalities and health units. Figure S6. Gini coefficient and population size.
Light and Current Induced Degradation in p-Type Multi-Crystalline Cells and Development of an Inspection Method and a Stabilisation Method
Creators: name: Broek, K.M.
name: Bennett, I.J.
name: Jansen, M.J.
name: Van Der Borg, N.J.C.M.
name: Eerenstein, W.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
PV Modules

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 3167-3171
description: Stable solar cells are needed for durability testing of different combinations of module materials. In such a
test, significant power losses in full-size modules with multi-crystalline cells after thermal cycling have been observed.
This has been related to degradation of the solar cells used and it appeared that this was caused by current induced
degradation. This phenomenon is not limited to boron doped Cz-Si, but can also occur in p-type multi-crystalline
silicon. Work was done to develop an incoming inspection method for new batches of cells. Also, stabilisation procedures
for modules containing cells that are sensitive to degradation have been determined.
title: The Effect of Linguistic Labelling on Object Perception
Creators: name: Brown, Anna
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2024

description: Hearing language can strongly influence visual perception. Research has shown that hearing object labels can significantly impact visual processing by enhancing recognition, detection, and categorisation. It is not clear whether words only have these effects as a function of learning or whether words are biased to privilege object perception from initial encoding. 

This thesis delves into the intricate relationship between auditory language and visual perception, focusing on the effects of unfamiliar words on the early stages of object processing. Our central hypothesis was that novel words play a crucial role in shaping the encoding of object features, particularly emphasising shape and facilitating the construction of robust 3D object representations that aid recognition from different viewpoints.

To investigate this hypothesis, a series of experiments were designed, utilising a novel object recognition task to assess the immediate impact of auditory input on object perception. Novel objects were paired with either novel word labels or tone labels, and participants were tasked with recognising the object amongst distractors. Recognition performance was evaluated based on various factors, including recognition based on shape features and the ability to recognise objects from different perspectives.
Contrary to initial expectations, unfamiliar word labels presented alongside novel objects did not lead to any discernible advantage in recognition performance compared to tone labels. While some evidence of auditory-visual interaction was observed, its consistency across experiments was limited, and it did not coincide with enhancements in shape perception or recognition from alternate viewpoints. 

In summary, unfamiliar words did not activate the same recognition benefits as familiar words at the onset of label learning. Additionally, they did not lead to object representations that privileged shape, nor did they aid recognition from different viewpoints. Despite the theoretical underpinnings suggesting the possibility of a significant influence of novel words on object processing, the empirical evidence presented here did not support this. Furthermore, it underscores the importance of visual semantic representation in the effect of words on object perception and suggests avenues for future research on object encoding throughout the label learning process
Additional file 11 of Disentangling the mechanisms shaping the surface ocean microbiota
Creators: name: Logares, Ramiro
name: Deutschmann, Ina M.
name: Junger, Pedro C.
name: Giner, Caterina R.
name: Krabberød, Anders K.
name: Schmidt, Thomas S. B.
name: Rubinat-Ripoll, Laura
name: Mestre, Mireia
name: Salazar, Guillem
name: Ruiz-González, Clara
name: Sebastián, Marta
name: de Vargas, Colomban
name: Acinas, Silvia G.
name: Duarte, Carlos M.
name: Gasol, Josep M.
name: Massana, Ramon
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Oceanography
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 11: Table S4. Summary of significant OTUs-99% associations using MIC for the Malaspina dataset.
Chemical Analysis and Proposed Generating Mechanism for Snail Tracks Contamination of EVA Encapsulated Modules
Creators: name: Chou, Y.H.
name: Chou, W.Y.
name: Shiu, S.-M.
name: Chien, Y.C.
name: Huang, S.Y.
name: Chi, S.
name: Wang, E.
name: Struwe, R.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
PV Modules

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 3132-3136
description: Problems in PV systems installed for several months have been observed recently. A phenomenon
called Snail Tracks, small dark meandering lines becomes visible to the naked eye on affected modules. Snail Tracks
have neither been associated with a decrease in performance nor have they caused safety hazards. However, it was
observed that this phenomenon correlates with cell micro-cracks. The major object of this study was to determine the
chemical reactions that result in the formation of the dark lines by analyzing the chemical structure of affected and
non-affected areas. In the formation of snail tracks silver seems to be a key factor. Silver carbonate (Ag2CO3) is
detected in the affected snail track areas by XPS measurement. Under UV light a discoloration of the EVA could be
observed, which correlates with an organic compound, identified exclusively in the affected areas by Py-GC/MS
analysis. This organic compound, observed in the affected EVA areas may be a facilitator for the generation of snail
tracks. In the simulation test, we could identify a change in the UV luminescence behavior of the EVA above all
cracked wafers and cells, but snail track could not be observed in the wafers without silver. Neither an elevated
potential nor a current flow through the module are necessary for the formation of snail tracks.
Development of a Reliability Model for the Estimation of the Loss of Load Probability and O&M Cost for an Off-Grid PV System
Creators: name: Theristis, M.
name: Bakos, G.C.
name: Papazoglou, I.A.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: PV Systems
Off-grid Applications

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 4245-4248
description: A residential standalone photovoltaic system is evaluated in terms of its optimum configuration taking
into consideration cost and reliability aspects. Given a specific electricity demand, the optimum combination of PV
arrays and batteries is assessed using the Loss of Load Probability (LOLP) as a criterion. Both the sizing of the
system and the reliability of its components are also taken into consideration for assessing the LOLP. The supply
performance of the system is simulated based on hourly demand and meteorological data while the stochastic
behaviour of the system, with regards to its reliability, is simulated by a Markov model. Literature based failure data
are used to quantify the reliability model and, thus, estimate the mean operation and maintenance cost of the system.
Two types of dark solitons in a spin-orbit-coupled Fermi gas
Creators: name: Mateo, Antonio Muñoz
name: Yu, Xiaoquan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dark solitons in quantum fluids are well known nonlinear excitations that are usually characterized by a single length scale associated with the underlying background fluid. We show that in the presence of spin-orbit coupling and a linear Zeeman field, superfluid Fermi gases support two different types of nonlinear excitations featured by corresponding length scales related to the existence of two Fermi surfaces. Only one of these types, which occurs for finite spin-orbit coupling and a Zeeman field, survives to the topological phase transition, and is therefore capable to sustain Majorana zero modes. At the point of the emergence of this soliton for varying the Zeeman field, the associated Andreev bound states present a minigap that vanishes for practical purposes, in spite of lacking the reality condition of Majorana modes.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Control of Phosphorus Doping Profiles for Co-Diffusion Processes
Creators: name: Rothhardt, P.
name: Stoffels, T.
name: Keding, R.
name: Belledin, U.
name: Wolf, A.
name: Biro, D.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1917-1920
description: We present an innovative versatile POCl3 diffusion process. Two separate deposition stages allow for
independent manipulation of depth and surface concentration in one diffusion step. This manipulation is achieved
solely by variation of the N2-POCl3 gas flow during deposition. The thermal budget of the diffusion process is
suitable for simultaneous diffusion from borosilicateglass (BSG). This makes this process a promising candidate for
co-diffusion for a wide range of advanced solar cell concepts. The wide applicability is supported by measurements
of the contact resistance and dark saturation current density that prove tunability with respect to both parameters.
Additional file 1 of Development and validation of a questionnaire to determine medical orders non-adherence: a sequential exploratory mixed-method study
Creators: name: Yazdi-Feyzabadi, Vahid
name: Nouzar Nakhaee
name: Mehrolhassani, Mohammad Hossein
name: Naghavi, Soheila
name: Enayatollah Homaie Rad
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Final version of the developed questionnaire.
Fabrication, Characterization and Application of High Density Gas Targets for Intense Laser Interaction Experiments
Creators: name: Tay, Yuan Yan
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Plasma physics
subject: Capillary Nozzle
subject: Clusters
subject: Gas Targets
subject: High Energy Density Physics
subject: Laser Plasma
subject: Multijet Array

description: We report on the generation and characterization of submillimetric Argon gas jets with peak density higher than 10^21 atoms/cm3 from capillary nozzles of varying throat diameter in the range of 50-450 μm. The use of gas jet targets to generate a suitably dense, reliable, and reproducible interaction medium is particularly important in the broad field of laser-plasma interactions, in areas such as high energy density physics (HEDP), plasma waveguides, electron/ion acceleration and x-ray generation. Here, it is essential to place those targets in the laser focus with subwavelength accuracy and have control over the gas flow using a sonic or supersonic nozzle to provide the desired interaction density. The use of a sonic or supersonic gas flow provides a Gaussian like or plateau neutral density profile. By changing the gas pressure and temperature, one can change the initial neutral density and by using a combination of gases, one can obtain plasmas with multiple ions species, which is needed to localize electrons injection for innovative laser-plasma accelerator schemes. In this thesis, we present a study of the specific characteristics of gas jets produced by micron-sized nozzles in the context of laser-plasma physics. The study is based on experimental work on gas jets of varying sizes and parameters such as backing pressure and temperature. The thesis is organized as follows: Chapter 1 examines the motivation for generating such high density gas jets in the context of laser wakefield acceleration and the flow physics of supersonic gas jets. Chapter 2 presents the work in manufacturing the nozzles and characterizing the gas jets produced from the straight capillary nozzles using interferometry methods to measure the density profiles and Rayleigh Scattering to identify clusters in the target. Chapter 3 explores the possible applications of the gas jets in terms of generating gas targets in atmospheric conditions, producing icy filament targets by cooling and demonstrating multi-nozzle arrays.
Management of post-traumatic femoral defects with a monorail external fixator over an intramedullary nail.
Creators: name: Lu, Victor
name: Zhang, James
name: Zhou, Andrew
name: Krkovic, Matija
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021

description: PURPOSE: The management of limb-length discrepancy secondary to traumatic femoral bone loss poses a unique challenge for surgeons. The Ilizarov technique is popular, but is associated with long external fixator time and many complications. This retrospective study assessed outcomes of post-traumatic femoral defects managed by monorail external fixation over an intramedullary nail. METHODS: Eight patients were included from October 2015 to May 2019 with post-traumatic femoral defects that underwent treatment with monorail fixator-assisted intramedullary nailing. Primary outcome was time to bone union and bone results according to ASAMI classification. Secondary outcomes were lengthening index, consolidation time and index, external fixator index (EFI), time to partial weight bearing(PWB) and full weight bearing (FWB), and complications. Patient reported outcome measures including EQ-5D-5L, SF-36, Oxford knee scores (OKS), and Oxford hip scores (OHS) were recorded after recovery. RESULTS: Mean follow-up time was 227 weeks. Average bone defect size was 9.69 cm. Average consolidation time and index were 11.35 months and 1.24 months/cm, respectively. Mean lengthening and external fixator index were 20.2 days/cm and 23.88 days/cm, respectively. On average, patients achieved FWB and bone union 56.25 weeks and 68.83 weeks after bone transport initiation, respectively. Two patients had docking site non-union, five patients had pin site infections, and two patients had osteomyelitis. EQ-5D-5L and EQ-VAS scores were compared to UK population norms (p = 0.104, p = 0.238, respectively). Average OKS was 32.17 and OHS was 34.00. CONCLUSION: Monorail external fixation over an intramedullary nail is an effective option for post-traumatic femoral defects, reducing external fixator time and returning patients' quality of life to a level comparable with the normal population.
In-Line Deposition of ZnO:Al Thin Films at High Growth Rate (2-5 nm/s) for Photovoltaic Applications
Creators: name: Mary Joy, R.
name: Sharma, K.
name: Kniknie, B.
name: Melese, Y.G.
name: Creatore, M.
name: Bosch, R.C.M.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Thin Film Solar Cells
CdTe, CIS and Related Ternary and Quaternary Thin Film Solar Cells

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2273-2275
description: Aluminum doped Zinc Oxide (ZnO:Al) thin films have been deposited using the ETP-PECVD (Expanding
Thermal Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapour Deposition) technique in a Roth & Rau B.V. in-line industrial platform. The
electrical characterization of the layer reveals that the best deposited films show a low resistivity of ~ 3.5 * 10-4 ohm-cm
even at very low thickness range between 200- 300 nm. These thin films also exhibit excellent uniformity of ± 2 Ω/ in
sheet resistance and transparency > 85% in the visible range for a 15 × 15 cm2 glass substrate. In addition, the high
deposition rate in the current PECVD systems from Roth & Rau (DEPx and MAiA) enable production capacities in the
range of 100.000 to 500.000 m2/year for CIGS technology and 2400 to 4800 wafers/hour for HJT technology.
Expected Message Delivery Time for Small-world Networks in the Continuum Limit
Creators: name: Inaltekin, Hazer
name: Chiang, Mung
name: Poor, Harold Vincent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Small-world networks are networks in which the graphical diameter of the network is as small as the diameter of random graphs but whose nodes are highly clustered when compared with the ones in a random graph. Examples of small-world networks abound in sociology, biology, neuroscience and physics as well as in human-made networks. This paper analyzes the average delivery time of messages in dense small-world networks constructed on a plane. Iterative equations for the average message delivery time in these networks are provided for the situation in which nodes employ a simple greedy geographic routing algorithm. It is shown that two network nodes communicate with each other only through their short-range contacts, and that the average message delivery time rises linearly if the separation between them is small. On the other hand, if their separation increases, the average message delivery time rapidly saturates to a constant value and stays almost the same for all large values of their separation.
description: Proceedings of the 2008 IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory, Toronto, ON, Canada, July 6 - 11, 2008
Fingerprints of the quantum space-time in time-dependent quantum mechanics: An emergent geometric phase
Creators: name: Chakraborty, Anwesha
name: Nandi, Partha
name: Chakraborty, Biswajit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show the emergence of Berry phase in a forced harmonic oscillator system placed in the quantum space-time of Moyal type, where the time 't' is also an operator. An effective commutative description of the system gives a time dependent generalised harmonic oscillator system with perturbation linear in position and momentum. The system is then diagonalised to get a generalised harmonic oscillator and then its adiabatic evolution over time-period $\mathcal{T}$ is studied in Heisenberg picture to compute the expression of geometric phase-shift.
description: 21 pages, Version 2 contains some correction
Interpolating between multi-center microstate geometries
Creators: name: Shigemori, Masaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study interpolation between two multi-center microstate geometries in 4d/5d that represent Lunin-Mathur geometries with circular profiles. The interpolating solution is a Lunin-Mathur geometry with a helical profile, and is represented by a 2-center solution with a codimension-2 source. The interpolating 2-center solution exhibits interesting features such as some of the charges being delocalized, and some of the charges getting transferred from the codimension-2 center to the other, codimension-3 center as the interpolation proceeds. We also discuss the spectral flow of this entire process and speculate on the relevance of such solutions to understanding general microstates of 3-charge black holes.
description: 30 pages + appendices
Additional file 1 of Nanopore sequencing from liquid biopsy: analysis of copy number variations from cell-free DNA of lung cancer patients
Creators: name: Martignano, Filippo
name: Munagala, Uday
name: Crucitta, Stefania
name: Mingrino, Alessandra
name: Semeraro, Roberto
name: Re, Marzia Del
name: Petrini, Iacopo
name: Magi, Alberto
name: Conticello, Silvestro G.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Methods and supplementary results. Pdf file including more detailed information on methods and results.
The dynamics of vortex generation in superfluid 3He-B
Creators: name: de Graaf, R.
name: Hanninen, R.
name: Chagovets, T. V.
name: Eltsov, V. B.
name: Krusius, M.
name: Solntsev, R. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A profound change occurs in the stability of quantized vortices in externally applied flow of superfluid 3He-B at temperatures ~ 0.6 Tc, owing to the rapidly decreasing damping in vortex motion with decreasing temperature. At low damping an evolving vortex may become unstable and generate a new independent vortex loop. This single-vortex instability is the generic precursor to turbulence. We investigate the instability with non-invasive NMR measurements on a rotating cylindrical sample in the intermediate temperature regime (0.3 - 0.6) Tc. From comparisons with numerical calculations we interpret that the instability occurs at the container wall, when the vortex end moves along the wall in applied flow.
description: revised & extended version. Journal of Low Temperature Physics, accepted (2008)
Baryogenesis, magnetogenesis and the strength of anomalous interactions
Creators: name: Giovannini, Massimo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The production of the hypermagnetic gyrotropy is investigated under the assumption that the gauge coupling smoothly evolves during a quasi-de Sitter phase and then flattens out in the radiation epoch by always remaining perturbative. In the plane defined by the strength of the anomalous interactions and by the rate of evolution of the gauge coupling the actual weight of the pseudoscalar interactions turns out to be always rather modest if major deviations from the homogeneity are to be avoided during the inflationary phase. Even if the gauge power spectra are related by duality only in the absence of anomalous contributions, an approximate duality symmetry constrains the late-time form of the hypermagnetic power spectra. Since the hypermagnetic gyrotropy associated with the modes reentering prior to the phase transition must be released into fermions later on, the portions of the parameter space where the obtained baryon asymmetry is close to the observed value are the most relevant for the present ends. For the same range of parameters the magnetic power spectra associated with the modes reentering after symmetry breaking may even be of the order of a few hundredths of a nG over typical length scales comparable with the Mpc prior to the collapse of the protogalaxy.
description: 40 pages, 8 figures
Additional file 1 of Food safety knowledge, attitudes and practices of food handlers: A cross-sectional study in school kitchens in Espírito Santo, Brazil
Creators: name: Alyne Gomes Da Vitória
name: Jhenifer De Souza Couto Oliveira
name: Pereira, Louise Caroline De Almeida
name: Faria, Carolina Perim De
name: José, Jackline Freitas Brilhante De São
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Questionnaire: Evaluation of Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of Food Handlers.
Grey and white matter microstructure is associated with polygenic risk for schizophrenia.
Creators: name: Stauffer, Eva-Maria
name: Bethlehem, Richard
name: Warrier, Varun
name: Murray, Graham
name: Romero-Garcia, Rafael
name: Seidlitz, Jakob
name: Bullmore, Edward
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021

description: Recent discovery of approximately 270 common genetic variants associated with schizophrenia has enabled polygenic risk scores (PRS) to be measured in the population. We hypothesized that normal variation in PRS would be associated with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) phenotypes of brain morphometry and tissue composition. We used the largest extant genome-wide association dataset (N = 69,369 cases and N = 236,642 healthy controls) to measure PRS for schizophrenia in a large sample of adults from the UK Biobank (Nmax = 29,878) who had multiple micro- and macrostructural MRI metrics measured at each of 180 cortical areas, seven subcortical structures, and 15 major white matter tracts. Linear mixed-effect models were used to investigate associations between PRS and brain structure at global and regional scales, controlled for multiple comparisons. Polygenic risk was significantly associated with reduced neurite density index (NDI) at global brain scale, at 149 cortical regions, five subcortical structures, and 14 white matter tracts. Other microstructural parameters, e.g., fractional anisotropy, that were correlated with NDI were also significantly associated with PRS. Genetic effects on multiple MRI phenotypes were co-located in temporal, cingulate, and prefrontal cortical areas, insula, and hippocampus. Post-hoc bidirectional Mendelian randomization analyses provided preliminary evidence in support of a causal relationship between (reduced) thalamic NDI and (increased) risk of schizophrenia. Risk-related reduction in NDI is plausibly indicative of reduced density of myelinated axons and dendritic arborization in large-scale cortico-subcortical networks. Cortical, subcortical, and white matter microstructure may be linked to the genetic mechanisms of schizophrenia.
description: E.-M.S is supported by a PhD studentship awarded by the Friends of Peterhouse. This research was co-funded by the National Institute of Health Research (NIHR) Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre and a Marmaduke Sheild grant to R.A.I.B. and V.W.. E.T.B is an NIHR Senior Investigator. R.R.G was funded by a Guarantors of Brain Fellowship. R.A.I.B. is supported by a British Academy Post-Doctoral fellowship and the Autism Research Trust. We wish to thank Dr Petra Vertes and Dr Lisa Ronan for their advice on research design and Dr Simon R White for his statistical advice and support. The views expressed are those of the author(s) and not necessarily those of the NHS, the NIHR or the Department of Health and Social Care. This research was possible due to an application to the UK Biobank (project 20904).
EVALUATING THE EFFECT OF POTATO LEAFHOPPER (EMPOASCA FABAE) FEEDING ON BIOLOGICAL NITROGEN FIXATION IN ALFALFA (MEDICAGO SATIVA)
Creators: name: Thompson, Morgan
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Entomology
subject: Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Aboveground feeding by potato leafhopper (PLH), Empoasca fabae, (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) causes significant injury to alfalfa (Medicago sativa), including disrupting translocation of fixed carbon from leaves to roots. Basal transport of fixed carbon in alfalfa fuels a critical mutualism between roots and nitrogen-fixing bacteria (Sinorhizobium meliloti). Above- and belowground nutrient allocation in alfalfa determines perennial persistence across growing seasons, as well as forage quality. Whether leafhopper feeding alters nutrient allocation and subsequently affects nitrogen fixation, however, is not clear. To test this, my objectives were 1) to examine the effect of different management strategies on PLH injury and nitrogen fixation, and 2) to quantify the amount and location of fixed nitrogen in whole alfalfa plants when fed on by leafhoppers. Overall, my work contributes to an understanding of how aboveground pest pressure can disrupt belowground processes in plants and ultimately affect the economic viability of crops for growers.
Silica Raman scattering probe for absolute calibration of Thomson scattering spectrometers
Creators: name: Ghazaryan, Sofiya
name: Kaloyan, Marietta
name: Niemann, Christoph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have developed a solid state probe for an absolute irradiance calibration of the Thomson scattering system on the Large Plasma Device (LAPD), based on Raman scattering off silica. Measurements performed with a triple-grating spectrometer have investigated the intensities of a pulsed laser beam Raman scattered off crystalline and amorphous silica over a range of temperatures of relevance to the LAPD (299 - 498 K). The data were compared with Rayleigh and Raman scattering intensities in gaseous nitrogen. The measurements show that Raman scattering off quartz allows rapid and accurate alignment and calibration of Thomson scattering systems in plasma physics experiments that cannot be calibrated using conventional methods.
Low Cost Selective Emitter Process: Results in Full Scale Production
Creators: name: Vázquez, C.
name: Caballero, L.J.
name: Palomar, S.
name: Sierras, R.
name: Alonso, J.
name: Ochoa-Martínez, E.
name: Ramos-Barrado, J.R
name: Gutierrez, R.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2012
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Manufacturing Issues and Processing

description: 27th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1113-1116
description: A selective emitter structure is a well known way to improve the cell efficiency of industrial silicon
solar cells by reducing the recombination losses at the front surface. Selective emitters can be produced by numerous
processing sequences, resulting in an improvement in the efficiency, but in general with lower yields and higher
operating cost than homogenous emitter. In this work, a new Laser Selective Emitter Process is presented as a cost
effective approach to manufacture Selective Emitter solar cells. An additional step is done with a laser after the
POCl3 diffusion. Minor changes in the production equipment makes this process very attractive from the cost point
of view. Average efficiencies above 19,2% have been demonstrated by the implementation of this process in an
industrial production line.
Functionalized 3D DNA Crystals through Core-Shell and Layer-by-Layer Assembly
Creators: name: McNeil, Ronald
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Materials Science
subject: Nanoscience
subject: biomaterials
subject: DNA crystals
subject: DNA nanotechnology
subject: layer-by-layer assembly

description: A fundamental goal of DNA nanotechnology has been assembly of DNA crystals for use as molecular scaffolds to organize arrays of guest molecules. We use previously described 3D DNA crystals to demonstrate core-shell and layer-by-layer assembly of DNA crystals capable of accommodating tethered guest molecules within the crystals’ pervasive solvent channel network. We describe the first example of epitaxial biomacromolecular core-shell crystallization through assembly of the crystals in two or more discrete layers. The solvent channels also allow post-crystallization guest conjugation with layer-specific addressability. We present microfluidics techniques for core-shell crystal growth which unlock greater potential for finely tunable layer properties and assembling complex multifunctional crystals. We demonstrate assembly of these DNA crystals as nanoscale objects much smaller than previously observed. These techniques present new avenues for using DNA to create multifunctional micro- and nanoscale periodic biomaterials with tunable chemical and physical properties.