cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
On A New Formulation of Micro-phenomena: Basic Principles, Stationary Fields And Beyond
Creators: name: Shafiee, Afshin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a series of essays, beginning with this article, we are going to develop a new formulation of micro-phenomena based on the principles of reality and causality. The new theory provides with us a new depiction of micro-phenomena assuming an unified concept of information, matter and energy. So, we suppose that in a definite micro-physical context (including other interacting particles), each particle is enfolded by a probability field whose existence is contingent upon the existence of the particle, but it can locally affect the physical status of the particle in a context-dependent manner. The dynamics of the whole particle-field system obeys deterministic equations in a manner that when the particle is subjected to a conservative force, the field also experiences a conservative complex force which its form is determined by the dynamics of particle. So, the field is endowed with a given amount of energy, but its value is contingent upon the physical conditions the particle is subjected to. Based on the energy balance of the particle and its associated field, we argue why the field has a probabilistic objective nature. In such a way, the basic elements of this new formulation, its application for some stationary states and its nonlinear generalization for conservative systems are discussed here.
description: 35 pages, 5 figures, 3 appendices
A solar source of Alfvénic magnetic field switchbacks: {\em in situ} remnants of magnetic funnels on supergranulation scales
Creators: name: Bale, S. D.
name: Horbury, T. S.
name: Velli, M.
name: Desai, M. I.
name: Halekas, J. S.
name: McManus, M. D.
name: Panasenco, O.
name: Badman, S. T.
name: Bowen, T. A.
name: Chandran, B. D. G.
name: Drake, J. F.
name: Kasper, J. C.
name: Laker, R.
name: Mallet, A.
name: Matteini, L
name: Phan, T. D.
name: Raouafi, N. E.
name: Squire, J.
name: Woodham, L. D.
name: Wooley, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of the striking observations from the Parker Solar Probe (PSP) spacecraft is the prevalence in the inner heliosphere of large amplitude, Alfvénic magnetic field reversals termed 'switchbacks'. These $δB_R/B \sim \mathcal{O}(1$) fluctuations occur on a range of timescales and in {\em patches} separated by intervals of quiet, radial magnetic field. We use measurements from PSP to demonstrate that patches of switchbacks are localized within the extensions of plasma structures originating at the base of the corona. These structures are characterized by an increase in alpha particle abundance, Mach number, plasma $β$ and pressure, and by depletions in the magnetic field magnitude and electron temperature. These intervals are in pressure-balance, implying stationary spatial structure, and the field depressions are consistent with overexpanded flux tubes. The structures are asymmetric in Carrington longitude with a steeper leading edge and a small ($\sim$1$^\circ$) edge of hotter plasma and enhanced magnetic field fluctuations. Some structures contain suprathermal ions to $\sim$85 keV that we argue are the energetic tail of the solar wind alpha population. The structures are separated in longitude by angular scales associated with supergranulation. This suggests that these switchbacks originate near the leading edge of the diverging magnetic field funnels associated with the network magnetic field - the primary wind sources. We propose an origin of the magnetic field switchbacks, hot plasma and suprathermals, alpha particles in interchange reconnection events just above the solar transition region and our measurements represent the extended regions of a turbulent outflow exhaust.
description: 18 pages, 9 figures, submitted to Astrophys. J
Weak Mott insulators on the triangular lattice: possibility of a gapless nematic quantum spin liquid
Creators: name: Grover, Tarun
name: Trivedi, N.
name: Senthil, T.
name: Lee, Patrick A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the energetics of Gutzwiller projected BCS states of various symmetries for the triangular lattice antiferromagnet with a four particle ring exchange using variational Monte Carlo methods. In a range of parameters the energetically favored state is found to be a projected $d_{x^2-y^2}$ paired state which breaks lattice rotational symmetry. We show that the properties of this nematic or orientationally ordered paired spin liquid state as a function of temperature and pressure can account for many of the experiments on organic materials. We also study the ring-exchange model with ferromagnetic Heisenberg exchange and find that amongst the studied ansätze, a projected $f-$wave state is the most favorable.
description: Longer version, 7+ pages, 5 figures
On the Makar-Limanov, Derksen invariants, and finite automorphism groups of algebraic varieties
Creators: name: Popov, Vladimir L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14A10

description: A simple method of constructing a big stock of algebraic varieties with trivial Makar-Limanov invariant is described, the Derksen invariant of some varieties is computed, the generalizations of the Makar-Limanov and Derksen invariants are introduced and discussed, and some results on the Jordan property of automorphism groups of algebraic varieties are obtained.
description: 23 pages. Theorem 2.32 is added. It classifies irreducible curves and surfaces X for which the group of birational automorphisms of X is Jordan
Laser scattering with frequency doubled neodymium light
Creators: name: Butler, J. Patrick
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: A series of Q-spoiled neodymium glass oscillators has been constructed to produce radiation which, when frequency doubled to 5300 A, can be used in a optical scattering experiment on a plasma. Though unexpectedly the required light power was never obtained, an exhaustive theoretical analysis has revealed that this failure was due to superfluorescence depopulation of the inversion. When the problem is corrected by means of a samarium doped glass cladding for the neodymium glass rods, the power necessary to observe the electron satellite feature can easily be obtained.
Abstract commensurators of profinite groups
Creators: name: Barnea, Yiftach
name: Ershov, Mikhail
name: Weigel, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20E18 (Primary), 22D05, 22D45 (Secondary)

description: In this paper we initiate a systematic study of the abstract commensurators of profinite groups. The abstract commensurator of a profinite group $G$ is a group $Comm(G)$ which depends only on the commensurability class of $G$. We study various properties of $Comm(G)$; in particular, we find two natural ways to turn it into a topological group. We also use $Comm(G)$ to study topological groups which contain $G$ as an open subgroup (all such groups are totally disconnected and locally compact). For instance, we construct a topologically simple group which contains the pro-2 completion of the Grigorchuk group as an open subgroup. On the other hand, we show that some profinite groups cannot be embedded as open subgroups of compactly generated topologically simple groups. Several celebrated rigidity theorems, like Pink's analogue of Mostow's strong rigidity theorem for simple algebraic groups defined over local fields and the Neukirch-Uchida theorem, can be reformulated as structure theorems for the commensurators of certain profinite groups.
description: 37 pages, final version
Postcard from Kathleen Raine to Robin Skelton, [between 1950 and 1959]
Creators: name: Raine, Kathleen, 1908-2003
Publisher: name: University of Victoria Libraries
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Periodicals--Publishing
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1058100
subject: Skelton, Robin
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/51853
subject: Poets, English
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1067870
subject: Critics
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/883769
subject: Periodical editors
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1058064
subject: Wiccans
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1765210
subject: Novelists, English
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1039718
subject: Neoplatonism
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1035884
subject: Editors
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/902475
subject: Poets
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1067778
subject: Authors
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/821688
subject: Philosophy
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1060777
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: Novelists
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1039684
subject: Scholars
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1106878
subject: Authors, English
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/821945
subject: Raine, Kathleen, 1908-2003
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/52672
subject: English poetry--Manuscripts
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/912320
subject: Book industries and trade
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/836171
subject: Literature, Modern
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1000172
subject: Platonists
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1066881

description: Part of a collection of correspondence from Kathleen Raine to Robin Skelton. Skelton was a British poet, academic, anthologist, and practicing Wiccan. He taught at Manchester University before emigrating to Canada in 1963, where he taught creative writing at the University of Victoria and started the literary magazine The Malahat Review. Also included are some letters to Skelton’s wife Sylvia, and his daughters. Spanning close to forty-five years, the correspondence discusses poetry, writing, and philosophy; particularly Platonism and Neoplatonism. Raine often refers to the writings of William Blake and W. B. Yeats. Many letters also mention contemporary literary figures at the time including: Herbert Read, Peter Russell, Liam Miller, and Thurairajah Tambimuttu. In this postcard, Raine thanks Skelton for a volume of poetry.
Direct Higgs-top CP-phase measurement with $t\bar{t}h$ at the 14 TeV LHC and 100 TeV FCC
Creators: name: Gonçalves, Dorival
name: Kim, Jeong Han
name: Kong, Kyoungchul
name: Wu, Yongcheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The study of the Higgs boson's properties is a cornerstone of the LHC and future collider programs. In this paper, we examine the potential to directly probe the Higgs-top interaction strength and CP-structure in the $t\bar t h$ channel with the Higgs boson decaying to bottom-quark pairs and top-quarks in the di-leptonic mode. We adopt the BDRS algorithm to tag the boosted Higgs and exploit the $M_2$-assisted reconstruction to compute observables sensitive to the CP-phase at the $t\bar{t}$ rest frame, where the new physics sensitivity can be enhanced. Performing a side-band analysis at the LHC to control the continuum $t\bar{t}b\bar{b}$ background, we find that the Higgs-top strength and CP-phase can be probed up to $δκ_t\lesssim 20\%$ and $| α| \lesssim 36^\circ$ at 95% CL, respectively. We also derive that a similar analysis at a 100 TeV future collider could further improve the precision to $δκ_t\lesssim 1\%$ and $| α| \lesssim 1.5^\circ$, where the CP-odd observables play a crucial role, boosting the sensitivity on the CP-phase.
description: 17 pages, 10 figures, comments are welcome
Heterogeneity-stabilized homogeneous states in driven media
Creators: name: Nicolaou, Zachary G.
name: Case, Daniel J.
name: van der Wee, Ernest B.
name: Driscoll, Michelle M.
name: Motter, Adilson E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Understanding the relationship between symmetry breaking, system properties, and instabilities has been a problem of longstanding scientific interest. Symmetry-breaking instabilities underlie the formation of important patterns in driven systems, but there are many instances in which such instabilities are undesirable. Using parametric resonance as a model process, here we show that a range of states that would be destabilized by symmetry-breaking instabilities can be preserved and stabilized by the introduction of suitable system asymmetry. Because symmetric states are spatially homogeneous and asymmetric systems are spatially heterogeneous, we refer to this effect as heterogeneity-stabilized homogeneity. We illustrate this effect theoretically using driven pendulum array models and demonstrate it experimentally using Faraday wave instabilities. Our results have potential implications for the mitigation of instabilities in engineered systems and the emergence of homogeneous states in natural systems with inherent heterogeneities.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures, plus Supplementary Information
Standard stellar luminosities; what are typical and limiting accuracies in the era after Gaia?
Creators: name: Eker, Z.
name: Soydugan, F.
name: Bilir, S.
name: Bakis, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Methods of obtaining stellar luminosities (L) have been revised and a new concept, standard stellar luminosity, has been defined. Among the three methods (direct method from radii and effective temperatures, method using a mass-luminosity relation (MLR), and method requiring a bolometric correction), the third method, which uses the unique bolometric correction (BC) of a star extracted from a flux ratio ($f_{\rm V}/f_{\rm Bol}$) obtained from the observed spectrum with sufficient spectral coverage and resolution, is estimated to provide an uncertainty ($ΔL/L$) typically at a low percentage, which could be as accurate as 1% perhaps more. The typical and limiting uncertainties of the predicted L of the three methods were compared. The secondary methods requiring either a pre-determined non-unique BC or MLR were found to provide less accurate luminosities than the direct method, which could provide stellar luminosities with a typical accuracy of 8.2% - 12.2% while its estimated limiting accuracy is 2.5%.
description: 10 pages, including 1 figure and 2 tables, accepted for publication in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Isolating Taiwan and Approaching China contributed to European and American Failures of Countering Covid19 and Vaccine Mandate Humanitarian Crises
Creators: name: Yuan, Ji
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: CDC
China
Taiwan
covid
vaccine

description: Isolating Taiwan and Approaching China contributed to European and American Vaccine Mandate Humanitarian Crises and Failures of Countering Covid19. 
Heteronuclear transfers from labile protons in biomolecular NMR: Cross Polarization, revisited
Creators: name: Novakovic, Mihajlo
name: Jayanthi, Sundaresan
name: Lupulescu, Adonis
name: Concilio, Maria Grazia
name: Kim, Jihyun
name: Columbus, David
name: Kuprov, Ilya
name: Frydman, Lucio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: INEPT- and HMQC-based pulse sequences are widely used to transfer polarization between heteronuclei, particularly in biomolecular spectroscopy: they are easy to setup and involve low power deposition. Still, these short-pulse polarization transfers schemes are challenged by fast solvent chemical exchange. An alternative to improve these heteronuclear transfers is J-driven cross polarization (J-CP), which transfers polarization by spin-locking the coupled spins under Hartmann-Hahn conditions. J-CP provides certain immunity against chemical exchange and other T2-like relaxation effects, a behavior that is here examined in depth by both Liouville-space numerical and analytical derivations describing the transfer efficiency. While superior to INEPT-based transfers, fast exchange may also slow down these J-CP transfers, hurting their efficiency. This study therefore explores the potential of repeated projective operations to improve 1H->15N and 1H->15N->13C J-CP transfers in the presence of fast solvent chemical exchanges. It is found that while repeating J-CP provides little 1H->15N transfer advantages over a prolonged CP, multiple contacts that keep both the water and the labile protons effectively spin-locked can improve 1H->15N->13C transfers in the presence of chemical exchange. The ensuing Looped, Concatenated Cross Polarization (L-CCP) compensates for single J-CP losses by relying on the 13C longer lifetimes, leading to a kind of algorithmic cooling that can provide high polarization for the 15N as well as carbonyl and alpha 13Cs. This can facilitate certain experiments, as demonstrated with triple resonance experiments on intrinsically disordered proteins involving labile, chemically exchanging protons.
How to Think Like a Comedian (And Not Be One)
Creators: name: Raju, Sindhu
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2020
Subjects: Comedy
Humor
Laughter

description: This paper is a tribute to a fascination with comedy. It focuses specifically on humor analysis pulling apart the pieces that explain why something is funny. The three legs of this paper are how to analyze humor, what is truth in comedy, and techniques for creating humorous content. The paper does not concern itself with psychological or evolutionary explanations for humor, but rather on the preexisting elements of the content itself. The expected conclusion is a loose formula for comedy, estimated to be some combination of truth and incongruity: a reconciliation of paradox. The methodology is rooted in the three years I spent studying comedy – stand-up, improv, short stories, sketch, satire – with a fervor that is achieved only before the dream is deferred. As I plan to leave college with subdued comedic aspirations, I take this thesis as a last chance to lay it all down –to tell others and remind myself of all that I’ve learned, and the impact of internalizing the comic’s worldview.
Letter from Kathleen Raine to Robin Skelton, February 03, [1950 and 1959]
Creators: name: Raine, Kathleen, 1908-2003
Publisher: name: University of Victoria Libraries
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Poets
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1067778
subject: Philosophy
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1060777
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: Book industries and trade
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/836171
subject: Authors
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/821688
subject: Scholars
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1106878
subject: Wiccans
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1765210
subject: Critics
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/883769
subject: Novelists
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1039684
subject: Skelton, Robin
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/51853
subject: Raine, Kathleen, 1908-2003
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/52672
subject: Authors, English
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/821945
subject: Platonists
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1066881
subject: Neoplatonism
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1035884
subject: Periodical editors
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1058064
subject: Literature, Modern
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1000172
subject: Editors
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/902475
subject: Periodicals--Publishing
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1058100
subject: Poets, English
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1067870
subject: Novelists, English
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1039718
subject: English poetry--Manuscripts
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/912320

description: Part of a collection of correspondence from Kathleen Raine to Robin Skelton. Skelton was a British poet, academic, anthologist, and practicing Wiccan. He taught at Manchester University before emigrating to Canada in 1963, where he taught creative writing at the University of Victoria and started the literary magazine The Malahat Review. Also included are some letters to Skelton’s wife Sylvia, and his daughters. Spanning close to forty-five years, the correspondence discusses poetry, writing, and philosophy; particularly Platonism and Neoplatonism. Raine often refers to the writings of William Blake and W. B. Yeats. Many letters also mention contemporary literary figures at the time including: Herbert Read, Peter Russell, Liam Miller, and Thurairajah Tambimuttu. In this letter, Raine compares herself to another poet.
War and Women: An Analysis of Athena’s Martial Role in Greek Mythology
Creators: name: Ramachandran, Anjali
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2020
Subjects: Greek mythology
Athena
war goddesses

description: This thesis explores the mythical and sociocultural justification for the worship of war goddesses by patriarchal societies, using the Greek goddess of war, Athena, as the main point of analysis. The analysis will consist of a broad overview of Athena’s association with warfare, as seen in ancient Greek poetry, prose, and histories. Athena’s major function in myth is to strengthen and support the Greek state and its institutions. This idea is reflected heavily in how she chooses to use her warlike character to ultimately protect Greek society and its traditions. For contextualization, this thesis also includes chapters on mortal women in Greek myth who participate in warfare and the actual historical roles for Greek women during the Archaic and Classical Ages. The chapter on mortal warlike women opens a discussion on mortal and immortal femininity, and how immortality allows goddesses more freedom to transgress into male-dominated realms of activity. The chapter on historical Greek women provides sociocultural information that is used to draw connections between female roles in society and Athena’s role in myth. To further broaden the scope of this work, a final chapter on war goddesses in other mythologies is included. This overview contextualizes Athena’s characterization with that of war goddesses in other mythologies, including Freyja and the Valkyries in Norse myth, Sekhmet and Bastet in Egyptian myth, and Durga in Hindu myth. These goddesses were included to find overarching similarities and differences between depictions of war and women in myth across different cultures.
Local Earthquake Tomography by trans-dimensional Monte Carlo Sampling
Creators: name: Giacomuzzi, Genny <1984>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2013
Subjects: GEO/10 Geofisica della terra solida

description: In this study a new, fully non-linear, approach to Local Earthquake Tomography is presented. Local Earthquakes Tomography (LET) is a non-linear inversion problem that allows the joint determination of earthquakes parameters and velocity structure from arrival times of waves generated by local sources.
Since the early developments of seismic tomography several inversion methods have been developed to solve this problem in a linearized way. 
In the framework of Monte Carlo sampling, we developed a new code based on the Reversible Jump Markov Chain Monte Carlo sampling method (Rj-McMc). It is a trans-dimensional approach in which the number of unknowns, and thus the model parameterization, is treated as one of the unknowns. I show that our new code allows overcoming major limitations of linearized tomography, opening a new perspective in seismic imaging.
Synthetic tests demonstrate that our algorithm is able to produce a robust and reliable tomography without the need to make subjective a-priori assumptions about starting models and parameterization. Moreover it provides a more accurate estimate of uncertainties about the model parameters. Therefore, it is very suitable for investigating the velocity structure in regions that lack of accurate a-priori information. Synthetic tests also reveal that the lack of any regularization constraints allows extracting more information from the observed data and that the velocity structure can be detected also in regions where the density of rays is low and standard linearized codes fails.
I also present high-resolution Vp and Vp/Vs models in two widespread investigated regions: the Parkfield segment of the San Andreas Fault (California, USA) and the area around the Alto Tiberina fault (Umbria-Marche, Italy). In both the cases, the models obtained with our code show a substantial improvement in the data fit, if compared with the models obtained from the same data set with the linearized inversion codes.
From Models to SMEFT and Back?
Creators: name: Brivio, Ilaria
name: Bruggisser, Sebastian
name: Geoffray, Emma
name: Kilian, Wolfgang
name: Krämer, Michael
name: Luchmann, Michel
name: Plehn, Tilman
name: Summ, Benjamin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a global analysis of the Higgs and electroweak sector, in the SMEFT framework and matched to a UV-completion. As the UV-model we use the triplet extension of the electroweak gauge sector. The matching is performed at one loop, employing functional methods. In the SFitter analysis, we pay particular attention to theory uncertainties arising from the matching. Our results highlight the complementarity between SMEFT and model-specific analyses.
description: 36 pages, 13 figures
Enhanced microscopic dynamics in mucus gels under a mechanical load in the linear viscoelastic regime
Creators: name: Larobina, Domenico
name: Pommella, Angelo
name: Philippe, Adrian-Marie
name: Nagazi, Med Yassine
name: Cipelletti, Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Mucus is a biological gel covering the surface of several tissues and insuring key biological functions, including as a protective barrier against dehydration, pathogens penetration, or gastric acids. Mucus biological functioning requires a finely tuned balance between solid-like and fluid-like mechanical response, insured by reversible bonds between mucins, the glycoproteins that form the gel. In living organisms, mucus is subject to various kinds of mechanical stresses, e.g. due to osmosis, bacterial penetration, coughing and gastric peristalsis. However, our knowledge of the effects of stress on mucus is still rudimentary and mostly limited to macroscopic rheological measurements, with no insight into the relevant microscopic mechanisms. Here, we run mechanical tests simultaneously to measurements of the microscopic dynamics of pig gastric mucus. Strikingly, we find that a modest shear stress, within the macroscopic rheological linear regime, dramatically enhances mucus reorganization at the microscopic level, as signalled by a transient acceleration of the microscopic dynamics, by up to two orders of magnitude. We rationalize these findings by proposing a simple yet general model for the dynamics of physical gels under strain and validate its assumptions through numerical simulations of spring networks. These results shed new light on the rearrangement dynamics of mucus at the microscopic scale, with potential implications in phenomena ranging from mucus clearance to bacterial and drug penetration.
description: To appear in PNAS
Developing the Desert: A Case Study of Israeli Infrastructure Privatization
Creators: name: Rajesh, Ananya
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2020
Subjects: Israel
Privatization
Infrastructure

description: In the face of mounting hyperinflation in the 1970s and 1980s, Israel underwent a stabilization program focused on reducing the size of its public sector. The principles of the program, influenced heavily by neoliberal thinking, were a radical shift away from the collectivist ethos Israel had been built on. This paper focuses on the impact of the ensuing privatization of infrastructure-related state assets. Given the primacy of these assets to the public’s standard of living, infrastructure is of particular interest to any government. As Israel moved away from state ownership, it involved the private sector to various degrees. In telecommunications, the privatization of government company Bezeq was imperfectly executed, resulting in economic concentration that mirrors wealth inequality found in other parts of Israeli society. In water, Israel utilized more limited forms of privatization to greater success. The national water carrier, Mekorot, operates as a government company, but may sell a minority stake. Doing so would provide liquidity while maintaining the state’s decision-making authority over a scarce resource. Similarly, the use of public-private partnerships in major desalination plants has balanced the risk between the public and private sectors, tapping into private sector expertise while guaranteeing sustainable water output. The three cases studied demonstrate different approaches to economic liberalization in essential assets. For the most part, Israel’s modes of privatization, at least in infrastructure, have reduced the state’s burden while maintaining the public interest.
Guiding the Automation and AI Revolution: What the Rise in Automation Means for Shifting Standards of Human Value and Our Societal Structure
Creators: name: Purandare, Neha
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2020
Subjects: Automation
Economy

description: The automation revolution is inevitable; however, this technology does not have to be our destiny. Traditionally, the idea of automation has been associated with replacing human jobs; however, through deliberate implementation it can be used to empower human beings. The impact of the rise in automation depends on how the technology is adopted by individuals, a human-centric approach from employers, and policy responses to inherent shifts in societal structures and economic systems.
The Kerr-de Sitter spacetime in Bondi coordinates
Creators: name: Hoque, Sk Jahanur
name: Virmani, Amitabh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use zero angular momentum null geodesics in the Kerr-de Sitter spacetime to transform the metric in a generalised Bondi coordinate system. We write the metric components explicitly. Next, we choose the radial coordinate to be the areal coordinate and write the asymptotic metric in the Bondi-Sachs gauge.
description: 24 pages, 3 figures, 5 ancillary files; comments welcome
Stochastic reverse isoperimetric inequalities in the plane
Creators: name: Bueno, Jesus Rebollo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In recent years, it has been shown that some classical inequalities follow from a local stochastic dominance for naturally associated random polytopes. We strengthen planar isoperimetric inequalities by attaching a stochastic model to some classical inequalities, such as Mahler's Theorem, and a reverse Lutwak-Zhang inequality, the polar for $L_p$ centroid bodies. In particular, we obtain the dual counterpart to a result of Bisztriczky-Böröczky.
The Tits--Kantor--Koecher construction for Jordan dialgebras
Creators: name: Gubarev, V. Yu.
name: Kolesnikov, P. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 17A32, 17C99, 17B69

description: We study a noncommutative generalization of Jordan algebras called Jordan dialgebras. These are algebras that satisfy the identities $[x_1 x_2]x_3= 0$, $(x_1^2,x_2,x_3)=2(x_1,x_2,x_1x_3)$, $x_1(x_1^2 x_2)=x_1^2(x_1 x_2)$; they are related with Jordan algebras in the same way as Leibniz algebras are related to Lie algebras. We present an analogue of the Tits---Kantor---Koecher construction for Jordan dialgebras that provides an embedding of such an algebra into Leibniz algebra.
description: 22 pages; v2: Example 4 corrected; v3: final version, to appear in Comm. Algebra
Solution space heterogeneity of the random K-satisfiability problem: Theory and simulations
Creators: name: Zhou, Haijun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The random K-satisfiability (K-SAT) problem is an important problem for studying typical-case complexity of NP-complete combinatorial satisfaction; it is also a representative model of finite-connectivity spin-glasses. In this paper we review our recent efforts on the solution space fine structures of the random K-SAT problem. A heterogeneity transition is predicted to occur in the solution space as the constraint density alpha reaches a critical value alpha_cm. This transition marks the emergency of exponentially many solution communities in the solution space. After the heterogeneity transition the solution space is still ergodic until alpha reaches a larger threshold value alpha_d, at which the solution communities disconnect from each other to become different solution clusters (ergodicity-breaking). The existence of solution communities in the solution space is confirmed by numerical simulations of solution space random walking, and the effect of solution space heterogeneity on a stochastic local search algorithm SEQSAT, which performs a random walk of single-spin flips, is investigated. The relevance of this work to glassy dynamics studies is briefly mentioned.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures. Final version as will appear in Journal of Physics: Conference Series (Proceedings of the International Workshop on Statistical-Mechanical Informatics, March 7-10, 2010, Kyoto, Japan)
Comparing hypervelocity star populations from the Large Magellanic Cloud and the Milky Way
Creators: name: Evans, Fraser A.
name: Marchetti, Tommaso
name: Rossi, Elena Maria
name: Baggen, Josephine F. W.
name: Bloot, Sanne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We predict and compare the distributions and properties of hyper-velocity stars (HVSs) ejected from the centres of the Milky Way (MW) and the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC). In our model, HVSs are ejected at a constant rate -- equal in both galaxies -- via the Hills mechanism and are propagated in a combined potential, where the LMC orbits the MW on its first infall. By selecting $m>2\, \mathrm{M_\odot}$ HVSs well-separated from the Magellanic Clouds and Galactic midplane, we identify mock HVSs which would stand out from ordinary stars in the stellar halo in future data releases from the Gaia satellite and the Vera C. Rubin Observatory's Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST). We find that in these deep surveys, LMC HVSs will outnumber MW ones by a factor $\sim 2.5$, as HVSs can more easily escape from the shallower potential of the LMC. At an assumed HVS ejection rate of $10^{-4} \, \mathrm{yr^{-1}}$, HVSs detectable in the final Gaia data release and LSST from the LMC (MW) will number $125_{-12}^{+11}$ ($50_{-8}^{+7}$) and $140_{-11}^{+10}$ ($42_{-7}^{+6}$), respectively. The MW and LMC HVS populations show different kinematics and spatial distributions. While LMC HVSs have more modest total velocities and larger Galactocentric distances clustered around those of the LMC itself, HVSs from the MW show broader distributions, including a prominent high-velocity tail above $500 \, \mathrm{km \ s^{-1}}$ that contains at least half of the stars. These predictions are robust against reasonable variation of the Galactic potential and of the LMC central black hole mass.
description: 18 pages, 10 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Differences at low l in Planck's first light sky map of the cosmic microwave background from WMAP's and COBE's
Creators: name: Cover, Keith S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recent release of the first light sky map of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) from the Planck satellite provides an initial opportunity for comparison with the WMAP and COBE sky maps and their reconstruction algorithms. The precision of the match between Planck's and WMAP's anisotropies below several degrees in size, which corresponds to spherical harmonics with high l, provides confidence that the differences between the anisotropies at low l are substantial. If the Planck first light sky map is taken as the gold standard, the results seem to suggest the low l components of the WMAP map and a considerable part of the COBE sky map have a similar reconstruction artefact. As the Planck first light sky map covers only about 10% of the sky, any conclusions drawn from this comparison are speculative but deserving of further investigation.
description: 10 pages and 3 figures in manuscript - added some references and improved the discussion
Cascade of instabilities in the classical limit of the BMN matrix model
Creators: name: Axenides, Minos
name: Floratos, Emmanuel
name: Katsinis, Dimitrios
name: Linardopoulos, Georgios
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the leading (LO) and the next-to-leading order (NLO) stability of multipole perturbations for a static dielectric M2-brane with spherical topology in the 11-dimensional maximally supersymmetric plane-wave background. We observe a cascade of instabilities that originates from the dipole (j=1) and quadrupole (j=2) sectors (the only unstable sectors of the LO) and propagates towards all the multipoles of the NLO.
description: 10 pages, 1 figure
Design of a Cyclic Multiverse
Creators: name: Piao, Yun-Song
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, it has been noticed that the amplification of the amplitude of curvature perturbation cycle by cycle can lead to a cyclic multiverse scenario, in which the number of universes increases cycle by cycle. However, this amplification will also inevitably induce either the ultimate end of corresponding cycle, or the resulting spectrum of perturbations inside corresponding universe is not scale invariant, which baffles the existence of observable universes. In this paper, we propose a design of a cyclic multiverse, in which the observable universe can emerges naturally. The significance of a long period of dark energy before the turnaround of each cycle for this implementing is shown.
description: 6 pages, 3 eps figures, v2: 1 eps figure added and some arguments added, to published in PLB
TaylUR 3, a multivariate arbitrary-order automatic differentiation package for Fortran 95
Creators: name: von Hippel, G. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This new version of TaylUR is based on a completely new core, which now is able to compute the numerical values of all of a complex-valued function's partial derivatives up to an arbitrary order, including mixed partial derivatives.
description: 4 pages, uses elsart.cls; program code to be available at http://cpc.cs.qub.ac.uk/summaries/ADXR_v3_0.html
Electron transport and Goos-Hanchen shift in graphene with electric and magnetic barriers: optical analogy and band structure
Creators: name: Sharma, Manish
name: Ghosh, Sankalpa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Transport of massless Dirac fermions in graphene monolayers is analyzed in the presence of a combination of singular magnetic barriers and applied electrostatic potential. Extending a recently proposed (J Phys. Cond. Matt. Vol 21, 292204 (2009)) analogy between the transmission of light through a medium with modulated refractive index and electron transmission in graphene through singular magnetic barriers to the present case, we find the addition of a scalar potential profoundly changes the transmission. We calculate the quantum version of the Goos-Hänchen shift that the electron wave suffers upon being totally reflected by such barriers. The combined electric and magnetic barriers substantially modify the band structure near the Dirac point. This affects transport near the Dirac point significantly and has important consequences for graphene-based electronics.
description: 13 figures, Accepted version in J. Phys. Cond. Matt
An Indoor Crowd Movement Trajectory Benchmark Dataset
Creators: name: Zhao, Ying
name: Zhao, Xin
name: Chen, Siming
name: Zhang, Zhuo
name: Huang, Xin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Other Computer Science (cs.OH)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In recent years, technologies of indoor crowd positioning and movement data analysis have received widespread attention in the fields of reliability management, indoor navigation, and crowd behavior monitoring. However, only a few indoor crowd movement trajectory datasets are available to the public, thus restricting the development of related research and application. This paper contributes a new benchmark dataset of indoor crowd movement trajectories. This dataset records the movements of over 5000 participants at a three day large academic conference in a two story indoor venue. The conference comprises varied activities, such as academic seminars, business exhibitions, a hacking contest, interviews, tea breaks, and a banquet. The participants are divided into seven types according to participation permission to the activities. Some of them are involved in anomalous events, such as loss of items, unauthorized accesses, and equipment failures, forming a variety of spatial temporal movement patterns. In this paper, we first introduce the scenario design, entity and behavior modeling, and data generator of the dataset. Then, a detailed ground truth of the dataset is presented. Finally, we describe the process and experience of applying the dataset to the contest of ChinaVis Data Challenge 2019. Evaluation results of the 75 contest entries and the feedback from 359 contestants demonstrate that the dataset has satisfactory completeness, and usability, and can effectively identify the performance of methods, technologies, and systems for indoor trajectory analysis.
A search for candidate strongly-lensed dusty galaxies in the Planck satellite catalogues
Creators: name: Trombetti, Tiziana
name: Burigana, Carlo
name: Bonato, Matteo
name: Herranz, Diego
name: De Zotti, Gianfranco
name: Negrello, Mattia
name: Galluzzi, Vincenzo
name: Massardi, Marcella
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Planck sub-mm surveys detected the brightest strongly gravitationally lensed dusty galaxies in the sky. The combination of their extreme gravitational flux boosting and image stretching offers the unique possibility of measuring in detail, via high-resolution imaging and spectroscopic follow-up, the galaxy structure and kinematics in early evolutionary phases, thus gaining otherwise unaccessible direct information on physical processes in action. The extraction of candidate strongly lensed galaxies (SLGs) from Planck catalogues is hindered by the fact that they are generally detected with poor S/N, except for the few brightest ones, their photometric properties are strongly blurred and they are difficult to single out. We devised a method to increase by a factor of 3 to 4 the number of identified Planck-detected SLGs, although with an unavoidably limited efficiency. Our approach uses the fact that SLGs have sub-mm colours colder than nearby dusty galaxies (the large majority of Planck extragalactic sources). The sub-mm colours of the 47 confirmed or very likely Planck-detected SLGs are used to estimate the colour range of these objects. Moreover, most nearby galaxies and radio sources can be picked up by cross-matching with IRAS and PCNT catalogues, respectively. We present samples of 177, 97, 104 lensed candidates at 545, 857, 353 GHz, respectively. The efficiency of our approach, tested on the SPT survey covering 2,500 sq. deg., is estimated to be of 30%-40%. We also discuss stricter selection criteria increasing efficiency to 50% but with a somewhat lower completeness. Our analysis of SPT data has identified a dozen of galaxies that can be reliably considered previously unrecognized Planck-detected SLGs. Extrapolating the number of Planck-detected confirmed or very likely SLGs found within the SPT and H-ATLAS areas, we expect from 150 to 190 such sources over the|b|>20deg sky.
description: 18 pages, 6 figures, 5 tables, 1 Appendix. Accepted for publication on Astronomy & Astrophysics
Student-FRIEndly extension to the TCP/IP protocol Suite
Creators: name: Kuladinithi, Koojana
name: Udugama, Asanga
Publisher: name: TUHH Universitätsbibliothek
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: April Fools Day
subject: 793: Spiel

description: Protocols of the TCP/IP protocol suite were designed solely to adapt to the technical changes in networks and devices, leaving out users' feelings. COVID-19 pandemic has shown us the necessity of including mechanisms in TCP/IP to support the context-sensitive human thought process, especially to serve pupils and students. This memo describes the student-FRIEndly TCP/IP protocol Suite (FRIES) that caters to the quick adaptation of TCP/IP to serve students in a virtual context. This mode of operation should not be used in physically present meetings (e.g., lectures or oral examinations), as the protocol behavior does not match with the actual activities or expressions. FRIES is a highly deployable protocol extension, maintaining backward compatibility with the current TCP/IP stack.