cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Reusing Verification Assertions as Security Checkers for Hardware Trojan Detection
Creators: name: Eslami, Mohammad
name: Ghasempouri, Tara
name: Pagliarini, Samuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Hardware Architecture (cs.AR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Globalization in the semiconductor industry enables fabless design houses to reduce their costs, save time, and make use of newer technologies. However, the offshoring of Integrated Circuit (IC) fabrication has negative sides, including threats such as Hardware Trojans (HTs) - a type of malicious logic that is not trivial to detect. One aspect of IC design that is not affected by globalization is the need for thorough verification. Verification engineers devise complex assets to make sure designs are bug-free, including assertions. This knowledge is typically not reused once verification is over. The premise of this paper is that verification assets that already exist can be turned into effective security checkers for HT detection. For this purpose, we show how assertions can be used as online monitors. To this end, we propose a security metric and an assertion selection flow that leverages Cadence JasperGold Security Path Verification (SPV). The experimental results show that our approach scales for industry-size circuits by analyzing more than 100 assertions for different Intellectual Properties (IPs) of the OpenTitan System-on-Chip (SoC). Moreover, our detection solution is pragmatic since it does not rely on the HT activation mechanism.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures
Size-resolved aerosol composition at an urban and a rural site in the Po Valley in summertime: implications for secondary aerosol formation
Creators: name: Zanca, Nicola
name: Van Pinxteren, Dominik
name: Rinaldi, Matteo
name: Cristina Facchini, Maria
name: Herrmann, Hartmut
name: Poulain, Laurent
name: Decesari, Stefano
name: Sandrini, Silvia
name: Giulianelli, Lara
name: Gilardoni, Stefania
name: Turpin, Barbara J.
name: Paglione, Marco
name: Pollini, Francesca
name: Bucci, Silvia
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: The aerosol size-segregated chemical composition was analyzed at an urban (Bologna) and a rural (San Pietro Capofiume) site in the Po Valley, Italy, during June and July 2012, by ion-chromatography (major water-soluble ions and organic acids) and evolved gas analysis (total and water-soluble carbon), to investigate sources and mechanisms of secondary aerosol formation during the summer. A significant enhancement of secondary organic and inorganic aerosol mass was observed under anticyclonic conditions with recirculation of planetary boundary layer air but with substantial differences between the urban and the rural site. The data analysis, including a principal component analysis (PCA) on the size-resolved dataset of chemical concentrations, indicated that the photochemical oxidation of inorganic and organic gaseous precursors was an important mechanism of secondary aerosol formation at both sites. In addition, at the rural site a second formation process, explaining the largest fraction (22 %) of the total variance, was active at nighttime, especially under stagnant conditions. Nocturnal chemistry in the rural Po Valley was associated with the formation of ammonium nitrate in large accumulation-mode (0.42–1.2 µm) aerosols favored by local thermodynamic conditions (higher relative humidity and lower temperature compared to the urban site). Nocturnal concentrations of fine nitrate were, in fact, on average 5 times higher at the rural site than in Bologna. The water uptake by this highly hygroscopic compound under high RH conditions provided the medium for increased nocturnal aerosol uptake of water-soluble organic gases and possibly also for aqueous chemistry, as revealed by the shifting of peak concentrations of secondary compounds (water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC) and sulfate) toward the large accumulation mode (0.42–1.2 µm). Contrarily, the diurnal production of WSOC (proxy for secondary organic aerosol) by photochemistry was similar at the two sites but mostly affected the small accumulation mode of particles (0.14–0.42 µm) in Bologna, while a shift to larger accumulation mode was observed at the rural site. A significant increment in carbonaceous aerosol concentration (for both WSOC and water-insoluble carbon) at the urban site was recorded mainly in the quasi-ultrafine fraction (size range 0.05–0.14 µm), indicating a direct influence of traffic emissions on the mass concentrations of this range of particles.
title: Assessment of primary pulmonary malignancy: Comparison of CT and MR Imaging with radial 3D T1-weighted gradient echo and radial 3D ultrashort TE sequences at 3.0 Tesla using a high-density coil.
Creators: name: Lee, Hyunji
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Lung
subject: MR
subject: Imaging sequences
subject: Cancer

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: For evaluation of primary lung cancer, CT works fast and has good resolution as initial role, but it has side effect of contrast material, lack of tissue contrast, and radiation hazard. Therefore, as a novel modality, MR has a crucial role of...
A Schauder-type theorem for discontinuous operators with applications to second-order BVPs
Creators: name: Figueroa, Rubén
name: Infante, Gennaro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 47H10, secondary 34A36, 34B15

description: We prove a new fixed point theorem of Schauder-type which applies to discontinuous operators in non-compact domains. In order to do so, we present a modification of a recent Schauder-type theorem due to Pouso. We apply our result to second-order boundary value problems with discontinuous nonlinearities. We include an example to illustrate our theory.
description: 10 pages
title: Utilisation of F-18 FDG PET/CT in pyrexia of unknown origin.
Creators: name: McNamee, Anitia
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Infection
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: PET-CT
subject: Nuclear medicine

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Pyrexia of unknown origin is not an uncommon medical dilemma faced by treating Physicians. Often patients will undergo multiple investigations which are deemed inconclusive. This distinct group of patients following a long list of both non-invasive...
title: A combined treatment (Magnetic Resonance guided Focused Ultrasound Surgery, MRgFUS, and CT-guided radiofrequency thermal ablation, RFA) for recurrent Giant cell tumour (GCT) of the tibia: clinical and imaging results after two years follow-up
Creators: name: Arrigoni, Francesco
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Interventional non-vascular
subject: Bones
subject: Oncology
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: Ablation procedures
subject: Neoplasia

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Giant cell tumor (GCT) is generally a benign tumor, characterized histologically by multinucleated giant cells, that appear similar to osteoclasts and exhibit osteoclastic activity, with a background of mononuclear stromal cells (1). GCT accounts...
Many-body Hilbert space scarring on a superconducting processor
Creators: name: Zhang, Pengfei
name: Dong, Hang
name: Gao, Yu
name: Zhao, Liangtian
name: Hao, Jie
name: Guo, Qiujiang
name: Chen, Jiachen
name: Deng, Jinfeng
name: Liu, Bobo
name: Ren, Wenhui
name: Yao, Yunyan
name: Zhang, Xu
name: Xu, Shibo
name: Wang, Ke
name: Jin, Feitong
name: Zhu, Xuhao
name: Li, Hekang
name: Song, Chao
name: Wang, Zhen
name: Liu, Fangli
name: Papić, Zlatko
name: Ying, Lei
name: Wang, H.
name: Lai, Ying-Cheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum many-body scarring (QMBS) -- a recently discovered form of weak ergodicity breaking in strongly-interacting quantum systems -- presents opportunities for mitigating thermalization-induced decoherence in quantum information processsing. However, the existing experimental realizations of QMBS are based on kinetically-constrained systems where an emergent dynamical symmetry "shields" such states from the thermalizing bulk of the spectrum. Here, we experimentally realize a distinct kind of QMBS phenomena by approximately decoupling a part of the many-body Hilbert space in the computational basis. Utilizing a programmable superconducting processor with 30 qubits and tunable couplings, we realize Hilbert space scarring in a non-constrained model in different geometries, including a linear chain as well as a quasi-one-dimensional comb geometry. By performing full quantum state tomography on 4-qubit subsystems, we provide strong evidence for QMBS states by measuring qubit population dynamics, quantum fidelity and entanglement entropy following a quench from initial product states. Our experimental findings broaden the realm of QMBS mechanisms and pave the way to exploiting correlations in QMBS states for applications in quantum information technology.
Pilot test 2. Communication in Illicit Networks
Creators: name: Neequaye, David
name: Granhag, Pär
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences

description: This documentation is to preregister a follow-up pilot test to—Pilot 1.Networks—in the project captioned Communication in Illicit Networks (https://osf.io/x9qsv?mode=&view_only=).
Searching for hidden sector in multiparticle production at the LHC
Creators: name: Sanchis-Lozano, Miguel-Angel
name: Sarkisyan-Grinbaum, Edward K.
name: Moreno-Picot, Salvador
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the impact of a hidden sector beyond the Standard Model, e.g. a Hidden Valley model, on factorial moments and cumulants of multiplicity distributions in multiparticle production with a special emphasis on the prospects for LHC results.
description: 13 pages, 7 figures
title: Prospective comparison of the additional use of an endorectal coil for 3 T prostate MRI on image quality and cancer detection rate
Creators: name: Otto, Josephin
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Tissue characterisation
subject: Pathology
subject: Structured reporting
subject: Staging
subject: Imaging sequences
subject: MR-Functional imaging
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: MR
subject: Pelvis
subject: Genital / Reproductive system male

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: To prospectively compare the impact of an additional endorectal coil (ERC) on the quality of prostate MR images within the same patients and to determine the corresponding rates for the detection of prostate cancer...
Color-blind index in graphs of very low degree
Creators: name: Diemunsch, Jennifer
name: Graber, Nathan
name: Kramer, Lucas
name: Larsen, Victor
name: Nelsen, Lauren M.
name: Nelsen, Luke L.
name: Sigler, Devon
name: Stolee, Derrick
name: Suer, Charlie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C15

description: Let $c:E(G)\to [k]$ be an edge-coloring of a graph $G$, not necessarily proper. For each vertex $v$, let $\bar{c}(v)=(a_1,\ldots,a_k)$, where $a_i$ is the number of edges incident to $v$ with color $i$. Reorder $\bar{c}(v)$ for every $v$ in $G$ in nonincreasing order to obtain $c^*(v)$, the color-blind partition of $v$. When $c^*$ induces a proper vertex coloring, that is, $c^*(u)\neq c^*(v)$ for every edge $uv$ in $G$, we say that $c$ is color-blind distinguishing. The minimum $k$ for which there exists a color-blind distinguishing edge coloring $c:E(G)\to [k]$ is the color-blind index of $G$, denoted $\operatorname{dal}(G)$. We demonstrate that determining the color-blind index is more subtle than previously thought. In particular, determining if $\operatorname{dal}(G) \leq 2$ is NP-complete. We also connect the color-blind index of a regular bipartite graph to 2-colorable regular hypergraphs and characterize when $\operatorname{dal}(G)$ is finite for a class of 3-regular graphs.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures, and a 4 page appendix
A Combinatorial Proof of the Existence of Dense subsets in R without the "Steinhaus" like Property
Creators: name: Sadhukhan, Arpan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 28A05, 05C15

description: This paper proves the existence of nonmeasurable dense sets with additional properties using combinatorial techniques.
description: Accepted in American Mathematical Monthly
title: MRI in the pre operative evaluation of peri-anal fistuala: initial analysis
Creators: name: Rahman, Daoud
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Fistula
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: MR
subject: Pelvis
subject: Gastrointestinal tract

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: OBJECTIVES: To assess the diagnostic accuracy of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) in the pre-operative evaluation of perianal fistula. Pre-operative MRI to determine the relationship of fistulous tract to the sphincter complex. To correlate the MRI...
The Public as Judges: Examining How Defendants and Their Crimes Shape Sentencing Preferences Among the Mass Public
Creators: name: Doherty, David
name: Dowling, Conor
name: Miller, Michael
name: Tuma, Michelle
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: American Politics
subject: Criminology and Criminal Justice
subject: Race and Ethnicity
subject: Criminology
subject: FOS: Law
subject: Legal Studies
subject: Political Science
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Social Control, Law, Crime, and Deviance
subject: Crime
subject: Punishment
subject: Race
subject: Sentencing

description: The goal of this study is to better understand how the attributes of defendants and details of their crimes affect public views of appropriate sentencing. An experiment is embedded in a nationally representative survey. The design presents participants with a series of six descriptions of hypothetical individuals (``defendants'') convicted of crimes, presented in a table with six rows. The table rows contain random attributes of the defendant and their crime. Each table will contain information for one defendant. Respondents will be asked their opinion on how long the defendant should be incarcerated, if at all (see below). Thus, the table will describe a randomly selected defendant convicted of a crime with randomly variant facts and conditions, while the outcome allows us to measure the effects of any particular attribute. Full details are provided in the attached pre-analysis plan.
Deciphering potential chemical compounds of gaseous oxidized mercury in Florida, USA
Creators: name: Edgerton, Eric
name: Huang, Jiaoyan
name: Miller, Matthieu B.
name: Gustin, Mae Sexauer
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: The highest mercury (Hg) wet deposition in the United States of America (USA) occurs along the Gulf of Mexico, and in the southern and central Mississippi River Valley. Gaseous oxidized Hg (GOM) is thought to be a major contributor due to high water solubility and reactivity. Therefore, it is critical to understand concentrations, potential for wet and dry deposition, and GOM compounds present in the air. Concentrations and dry-deposition fluxes of GOM were measured and calculated for Naval Air Station Pensacola Outlying Landing Field (OLF) in Florida using data collected by a Tekran® 2537/1130/1135, the University of Nevada Reno Reactive Mercury Active System (UNRRMAS) with cation exchange and nylon membranes, and the Aerohead samplers that use cation-exchange membranes to determine dry deposition. Relationships with Tekran®-derived data must be interpreted with caution, since the GOM concentrations measured are biased low depending on the chemical compounds in air and interferences with water vapor and ozone.

Criteria air pollutants were concurrently measured. This allowed for comparison and better understanding of GOM.

In addition to other methods previously applied at OLF, use of the UNRRMAS provided a platform for determination of the chemical compounds of GOM in the air. Results from nylon membranes with thermal desorption analyses indicated seven GOM compounds in this area, including HgBr2, HgCl2, HgO, Hg–nitrogen and sulfur compounds, and two unknown compounds. This indicates that the site is influenced by different gaseous phase reactions and sources. Using back-trajectory analysis during a high-GOM event related to high CO, but average SO2, indicated air parcels moved from the free troposphere and across Arkansas, Mississippi, and Alabama at low elevation (< 300 m). This event was initially characterized by HgBr2, followed by a mixture of GOM compounds. Overall, GOM chemistry indicates oxidation reactions with local mobile source pollutants and long-range transport.

In order to develop methods to measure GOM concentrations and chemistry, and model dry-deposition processes, the actual GOM compounds need to be known, as well as their corresponding physicochemical properties, such as Henry's Law constants.
title: Feasibility of low-concentration iodinated contrast medium with lower-tube-voltage dual-source CT aortography using iterative reconstruction: comparison with automatic exposure control CT aortography
Creators: name: Choo, Dong Min
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Education and training
subject: Angioplasty
subject: Elastography
subject: Cardiac

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Introduction Computed tomography aortography (CTA) is a well-known minimally invasive methodused to reveal aortic vascular anatomy and to detect pathologic conditions. CTA isfrequently used to diagnose and follow-up various aortic diseases including...
Pilot test 1. Communication in Illicit Networks
Creators: name: Neequaye, David
name: Granhag, Pär
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences

description: This documentation is to preregister a pilot test that will explore the projected effects of the materials and procedures to be used in a subsequent primary study. That study will examine how perceived risk and goals under pursuit influence communication in illicit networks when planning their activities. This pilot test is to get a sense of the stimulus and assessment materials’ comprehensibility and whether they conform to their intended purposes.
A Key-Driven Framework for Identity-Preserving Face Anonymization
Creators: name: Wang, Miaomiao
name: Hua, Guang
name: Li, Sheng
name: Feng, Guorui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Virtual faces are crucial content in the metaverse. Recently, attempts have been made to generate virtual faces for privacy protection. Nevertheless, these virtual faces either permanently remove the identifiable information or map the original identity into a virtual one, which loses the original identity forever. In this study, we first attempt to address the conflict between privacy and identifiability in virtual faces, where a key-driven face anonymization and authentication recognition (KFAAR) framework is proposed. Concretely, the KFAAR framework consists of a head posture-preserving virtual face generation (HPVFG) module and a key-controllable virtual face authentication (KVFA) module. The HPVFG module uses a user key to project the latent vector of the original face into a virtual one. Then it maps the virtual vectors to obtain an extended encoding, based on which the virtual face is generated. By simultaneously adding a head posture and facial expression correction module, the virtual face has the same head posture and facial expression as the original face. During the authentication, we propose a KVFA module to directly recognize the virtual faces using the correct user key, which can obtain the original identity without exposing the original face image. We also propose a multi-task learning objective to train HPVFG and KVFA. Extensive experiments demonstrate the advantages of the proposed HPVFG and KVFA modules, which effectively achieve both facial anonymity and identifiability.
description: Accepted by NDSS Symposium 2025. Please cite this paper as "Miaomiao Wang, Guang Hua, Sheng Li, and Guorui Feng. A Key-Driven Framework for Identity-Preserving Face Anonymization. In the 32nd Annual Network and Distributed System Security Symposium (NDSS 2025)."
Molecular composition and volatility of isoprene photochemical oxidation secondary organic aerosol under low- and high-NOx conditions
Creators: name: Surratt, Jason D.
name: Gold, Avram
name: Gaston, Cassandra J.
name: Liu, Jiumeng
name: Lee, Ben H.
name: D'Ambro, Emma L.
name: Keutsch, Frank N.
name: Lutz, Anna
name: Zaveri, Rahul A.
name: Schobesberger, Siegfried
name: Shilling, John E.
name: Zhang, Zhenfa
name: Mohr, Claudia
name: Thornton, Joel A.
name: Rivera-Rios, Jean C.
name: Lopez-Hilfiker, Felipe D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Here, we present measurements of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation from isoprene photochemical oxidation in an environmental simulation chamber at a variety of oxidant conditions and using dry neutral seed particles to suppress acid-catalyzed multiphase chemistry. A high-resolution time-of-flight chemical ionization mass spectrometer (HR-ToF-CIMS) utilizing iodide-adduct ionization coupled to the Filter Inlet for Gases and Aerosols (FIGAERO) allowed for simultaneous online sampling of the gas and particle composition. Under high-HO 2 and low-NO conditions, highly oxygenated (O : C ≥ 1) C 5 compounds were major components (~50%) of SOA. The SOA composition and effective volatility evolved both as a function of time and as a function of input NO concentrations. Organic nitrates increased in both the gas and particle phases as input NO increased, but the dominant non-nitrate particle-phase components monotonically decreased. We use comparisons of measured and predicted gas-particle partitioning of individual components to assess the validity of literature-based group-contribution methods for estimating saturation vapor concentrations. While there is evidence for equilibrium partitioning being achieved on the chamber residence timescale (5.2 h) for some individual components, significant errors in group-contribution methods are revealed. In addition, >30% of the SOA mass, detected as low-molecular-weight semivolatile compounds, cannot be reconciled withmore » equilibrium partitioning. These compounds desorb from the FIGAERO at unexpectedly high temperatures given their molecular composition, which is indicative of thermal decomposition of effectively lower-volatility components such as larger molecular weight oligomers.« less
HD 80606: Searching the chemical signature of planet formation
Creators: name: Saffe, C.
name: Flores, M.
name: Buccino, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: (Abridged) Binary systems with similar components are ideal laboratories which allow several physical processes to be tested, such as the possible chemical pattern imprinted by the planet formation process. Aims. We explore the probable chemical signature of planet formation in the remarkable binary system HD 80606 - HD 80607. The star HD 80606 hosts a giant planet with 4 MJup detected by both transit and radial velocity techniques, being one of the most eccentric planets detected to date. We study condensation temperature Tc trends of volatile and refractory element abundances to determine whether there is a depletion of refractories that could be related to the terrestrial planet formation. Methods. We carried out a high-precision abundance determination in both components of the binary system, using a line-by-line strictly differential approach, using the Sun as a reference and then using HD 80606 as reference. We used an updated version of the program FUNDPAR, together with ATLAS9 model atmospheres and the MOOG code. Conclusions. From the study of Tc trends, we concluded that the stars HD 80606 and HD 80607 do not seem to be depleted in refractory elements, which is different for the case of the Sun. Then, the terrestrial planet formation would have been less efficient in the components of this binary system than in the Sun. The lack of a trend for refractory elements with Tc between both stars implies that the presence of a giant planet do not neccesarily imprint a chemical signature in their host stars, similar to the recent result of Liu et al. (2014). This is also in agreement with Melendez et al. (2009), who suggest that the presence of close-in giant planets might prevent the formation of terrestrial planets. Finally, we speculate about a possible planet around the star HD 80607.
description: 19 pages, 9 figures, A&A accepted
title: Evaluation of the radiation-induced brain injury : MRI follow-up study.
Creators: name: Savintseva, Zhanna
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Neoplasia
subject: Radiation therapy / Oncology
subject: Radiation effects
subject: Comparative studies
subject: PET-CT
subject: MR
subject: Oncology
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: CNS

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Differentiation of tumor recurrence from radiation-induced brain changes is the main challenge of neuroimaging in patients with treated cerebral tumor.While spontaneous resolution of small white matter lesions has been reported...
On the implications of aerosol liquid water and phase separation for organic aerosol mass
Creators: name: Carlton, Annmarie G.
name: Goldstein, Allen H.
name: Hu, Weiwei
name: Murphy, Benjamin N.
name: Pye, Havala O. T.
name: Wyat Appel,
name: Misztal, Pawel K.
name: Surratt, Jason D.
name: Guo, Hongyu
name: Xu, Lu
name: Vasilakos, Petros
name: Weber, Rodney
name: Jimenez, Jose L.
name: Isaacman-Vanwertz, Gabriel
name: Hapsari Budisulistiorini, Sri
name: Nenes, Athanasios
name: Ng, Nga L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Organic compounds and liquid water are major aerosol constituents in the southeast United States (SE US). Water associated with inorganic constituents (inorganic water) can contribute to the partitioning medium for organic aerosol when relative humidities or organic matter to organic carbon (OM ∕ OC) ratios are high such that separation relative humidities (SRH) are below the ambient relative humidity (RH). As OM ∕ OC ratios in the SE US are often between 1.8 and 2.2, organic aerosol experiences both mixing with inorganic water and separation from it. Regional chemical transport model simulations including inorganic water (but excluding water uptake by organic compounds) in the partitioning medium for secondary organic aerosol (SOA) when RH  >  SRH led to increased SOA concentrations, particularly at night. Water uptake to the organic phase resulted in even greater SOA concentrations as a result of a positive feedback in which water uptake increased SOA, which further increased aerosol water and organic aerosol. Aerosol properties, such as the OM ∕ OC and hygroscopicity parameter (κorg), were captured well by the model compared with measurements during the Southern Oxidant and Aerosol Study (SOAS) 2013. Organic nitrates from monoterpene oxidation were predicted to be the least water-soluble semivolatile species in the model, but most biogenically derived semivolatile species in the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model were highly water soluble and expected to contribute to water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC). Organic aerosol and SOA precursors were abundant at night, but additional improvements in daytime organic aerosol are needed to close the model–measurement gap. When taking into account deviations from ideality, including both inorganic (when RH  >  SRH) and organic water in the organic partitioning medium reduced the mean bias in SOA for routine monitoring networks and improved model performance compared to observations from SOAS. Property updates from this work will be released in CMAQ v5.2.
Negative shocks predict change in cognitive function and preferences: Assessing the negative affect and stress hypothesis in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic and the lockdown mitigation strategy
Creators: name: Bogliacino, Francesco
name: Villanueva, Francisco
name: codagnone, cristiano
name: Charris, Rafael
name: Gómez, Camilo
name: Folkvord, F.
name: Montealegre, Felipe
name: Veltri, Giuseppe
name: Liva, Giovanni
name: reith, gerda
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Economics
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Other Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: cognitive function
subject: COVID19
subject: evidence based policy
subject: lockdown
subject: longitudinal
subject: negative economic shocks
subject: negative shocks
subject: preferences
subject: random forest
subject: trust

description: In the context of the current COVID-19 pandemic, households throughout the world have to cope with negative shocks, either because of the disease or the various mitigation strategies that have caused massive unemployment and financial insecurity. Previous research has shown that negative shocks impair cognitive function and change risk, time and social preferences. In this study, we analyze the results of a longitudinal multi-country survey conducted in Italy (N=1,652), Spain (N=1,660) and the United Kingdom (N=1,578). We measure cognitive function using the Cognitive Reflection Test and preferences traits using an experimentally validated set of questions to assess the differences between people exposed to a shock compared to the rest of the sample. We measure four possible types of shocks: labor market shock, health shock, occurrence of stressful events, and mental health shock. Additionally, we randomly assign participants to groups with either a recall of negative events (more specifically, a mild reinforcement of stress or of fear/anxiety), or to a control group (to recall neutral or joyful memories), in order to assess whether or not stress and negative emotions drive a change in preferences. Results show that people affected by shocks performed worse in terms of cognitive functioning, are more risk loving, and are more prone to punish others (negative reciprocity). Data do not support the hypotheses that the result is driven by stress or by negative emotions.
Elastic instability in a straight channel of viscoelastic flow without prearranged perturbations
Creators: name: Li, Yuke
name: Steinberg, Victor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report experimental results on elastic instability in a viscoelastic channel shear flow due to only a natural non-smoothed inlet and small holes along the channel for pressure measurements. We show that non-normal mode instability results in elastic waves and chaotic flow self-organized into periodically cycled stream-wise streaks synchronized by elastic wave frequency. The chaotic flow persists above the transition with increasing $Wi$ further into elastic turbulence and drag reduction regimes. Thus, we resolve the recent puzzle whether strong prearranged perturbations are necessary to get an elastic instability in parallel shear viscoelastic flow. Moreover, flow resistance, velocity spectra decay, and elastic wave speed reveal the same scaling with Wi as obtained in the case of strong disturbances. The remarkable result is that all scaling behavior and streaks are found in the entire channel with small attenuation, in sharp contrast to the flow with strong prearranged perturbations.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
Models of CT dose profiles in Banach space; with applications to CT Dosimetry
Creators: name: Weir, Victor J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper consists of two parts.In the first part, the scatter components of computed tomograpahy dose profiles are modeled using various functions including the solution to Riccati's differential equation. These scatter functions are combined with primary components such as a trapezoidal function and a constructed function that uses the analytic continuation of Heaviside step function. A mathematical theory is developed in Banach space. The modeled function is used to accurately fit data from the O-arm cone beam imaging system. In a second part of the paper, an approach to dosimtery is developed that shows that the results obtained from the use of a pencil shaped ion chamber is equivalent to that from a farmer chamber. This result is verified by presenting some preliminary experimental data measured in a 64 slice Siemens Sensation scanner.
In Vitro Exposure to Isoprene-Derived Secondary Organic Aerosol by Direct Deposition and its Effects on COX-2 and IL-8 Gene Expression
Creators: name: Surratt, Jason D.
name: Arashiro, Maiko
name: Sexton, Kenneth G.
name: Jaspers, Ilona
name: Gold, Avram
name: Vizuete, William G.
name: Lin, Ying-Hsuan
name: Zhang, Zhenfa
name: Fry, Rebecca C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Atmospheric oxidation of isoprene, the most abundant non-methane hydrocarbon emitted into Earth's atmosphere primarily from terrestrial vegetation, is now recognized as a major contributor to the global secondary organic aerosol (SOA) burden. Anthropogenic pollutants significantly enhance isoprene SOA formation through acid-catalyzed heterogeneous chemistry of epoxide products. Since isoprene SOA formation as a source of fine aerosol is a relatively recent discovery, research is lacking on evaluating its potential adverse effects on human health. The objective of this study was to examine the effect of isoprene-derived SOA on inflammation-associated gene expression in human lung cells using a direct deposition exposure method. We assessed altered expression of inflammation-related genes in human bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-2B) exposed to isoprene-derived SOA generated in an outdoor chamber facility. Measurements of gene expression of known inflammatory biomarkers interleukin 8 (IL-8) and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) in exposed cells, together with complementary chemical measurements, showed that a dose of 0.067 µg cm−2 of SOA from isoprene photooxidation leads to statistically significant increases in IL-8 and COX-2 mRNA levels. Resuspension exposures using aerosol filter extracts corroborated these findings, supporting the conclusion that isoprene-derived SOA constituents induce the observed changes in mRNA levels. The present study is an attempt to examine the early biological responses of isoprene SOA exposure in human lung cells.
Light-curve analysis and shape models of NEAs 7335, 7822, 154244 and 159402
Creators: name: Rodríguez, Javier Rodríguez
name: Alonso, Enrique Díez
name: Álvarez, Santiago Iglesias
name: Fernández, Saúl Pérez
name: Roca, Alejandro Buendia
name: Díaz, Julia Fernández
name: Licandro, Javier
name: Alarcon, Miguel R.
name: Serra-Ricart, Miquel
name: Pinilla-Alonso, Noemi
name: Juez, Francisco Javier de Cos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In an attempt to further characterise the near-Earth asteroid (NEA) population we present 38 new light-curves acquired between September 2020 and November 2023 for NEAs (7335) 1989 JA, (7822) 1991 CS, (154244) 2002 KL6 and (159402) 1999 AP10, obtained from observations taken at the Teide Observatory (Tenerife, Spain). With these new observations along with archival data, we computed their first shape models and spin solutions by applying the light curve inversion method. The obtained rotation periods are in good agreement with those reported in previous works, with improved uncertainties. Additionally, besides the constant period models for (7335) 1989 JA, (7822) 1991 CS and (159402) 1999 AP10, our results for (154244) 2002 KL6 suggest that it could be affected by a Yarkovsky-O'Keefe-Radzievskii-Paddack acceleration with a value of $\upsilon \simeq -7 \times 10^{-9}$ rad d$^{-2}$. This would be one of the first detections of this effect slowing down an asteroid.
Data and code for "Identifiability of environmental transmission parameters: quantifying dispersion and decay of infectious material using spatiotemporal transmission data""
Creators: name: Gamża, Anna M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: Mathematica notebooks and data files package prepared as a supplement for publication “Identifiability of environmental transmission parameters: quantifying dispersion and decay of infectious material using spatiotemporal transmission data” Table of contents: Code S1_Engine_for_Identifiability of environmental transmission parameters.nb - all functions of the constraint maximization algorithm Code S2_Input_experimental_data_for_Identifiability of environmental transmission parameters.nb - input data for analysis of the combinations of the experimental data Code S3_Calibration_experimental_data_for_Identifiability of environmental transmission parameters.nb - calibration with the combinations of the experimental data Code S4_Input_and_Calibration_simulated_data_for_Identifiability of environmental transmission parameters.nb - generation of the input simulated data and calibration with the combinations of simulated data Code S5_Structural_identifibility_analysis_for_Identifiability of environmental transmission parameters.nb - code for structural identifiability analysis Data_package_identifiability.zip - data package with the outputs of the identifiability analysis; including profile likelihoods and simulated data
Inhomogeneous quenches in a fermionic chain: exact results
Creators: name: Viti, Jacopo
name: Stéphan, Jean-Marie
name: Dubail, Jérôme
name: Haque, Masudul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the non-equilibrium physics induced by joining together two tight binding fermionic chains to form a single chain. Before being joined, each chain is in a many-fermion ground state. The fillings (densities) in the two chains might be the same or different. We present a number of exact results for the correlation functions in the non-interacting case. We present a short-time expansion, which can sometimes be fully resummed, and which reproduces the so-called `light cone' effect or wavefront behavior of the correlators. For large times, we show how all interesting physical regimes may be obtained by stationary phase approximation techniques. In particular, we derive semiclassical formulas in the case when both time and positions are large, and show that these are exact in the thermodynamic limit. We present subleading corrections to the large-time behavior, including the corrections near the edges of the wavefront. We also provide results for the return probability or Loschmidt echo. In the maximally inhomogeneous limit, we prove that it is exactly gaussian at all times. The effects of interactions on the Loschmidt echo are also discussed.
description: 5 pages+14 pages supplementary material+9 figures
title: The role of MRI in the diagnosis of leptomeningeal metastasis
Creators: name: Barsan, Bianca Alexandra
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Metastases
subject: Education and training
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: MR
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: CNS

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: The purpose of this paper was to demonstrate the role of MRI in the diagnosis of LM. Leptomeningeal metastases (LM) are diagnosed in approximately 5 percent of patients with metastatic cancer [1-3], but undiagnosed or asymptomatic involvement is...
title: Hematopoietic malignancies of the breast : Revisiting a rare disease
Creators: name: Jagmohan, Pooja
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Breast
subject: Mammography
subject: Ultrasound
subject: PET-CT
subject: Biopsy
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Haematologic diseases
subject: Neoplasia

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: The purpose of this exhibit is to review the spectrum of hematopoietic malignancies affecting the breast and discuss the clinicopathologic features and multimodality imaging...
Chain sequences and Zeros of a perturbed $R_{II}$ type recurrence relation
Creators: name: Shukla, Vinay
name: Swaminathan, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 42C05, 30C15, 15A24

description: In this manuscript, new algebraic and analytic aspects of the orthogonal polynomials satisfying $R_{II}$ type recurrence relation given by \begin{align*} \mathcal{P}_{n+1}(x) = (x-c_n)\mathcal{P}_n(x)-λ_n (x-a_n)(x-b_n)\mathcal{P}_{n-1}(x), \quad n \geq 0, \end{align*} where $λ_n$ is a positive chain sequence and $a_n$, $b_n$, $c_n$ are sequences of real or complex numbers with $\mathcal{P}_{-1}(x) = 0$ and $\mathcal{P}_0(x) = 1$ are investigated when the recurrence coefficients are perturbed. Specifically, representation of new perturbed polynomials (co-polynomials of $R_{II}$ type) in terms of original ones with the interlacing and monotonicity properties of zeros are given. For finite perturbations, a transfer matrix approach is used to obtain new structural relations. Effect of co-dilation in the corresponding chain sequences and their consequences onto the unit circle are analysed. A particular perturbation in the corresponding chain sequence called complementary chain sequences and its effect on the corresponding Verblunsky coefficients is also studied.
description: 23 pages. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2201.05422
Basic inequalities for weighted entropies
Creators: name: Suhov, Yuri
name: Stuhl, Izabella
name: Sekeh, Salimeh Yasaei
name: Kelbert, Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The concept of weighted entropy takes into account values of different outcomes, i.e., makes entropy context-dependent, through the weight function. In this paper, we establish a number of simple inequalities for the weighted entropies (general as well as specific), mirroring similar bounds on standard (Shannon) entropies and related quantities. The required assumptions are written in terms of various expectations of the weight functions. Examples are weighted Ky Fan and weighted Hadamard inequalities involving determinants of positive-definite matrices, and weighted Cramér-Rao inequalities involving the weighted Fisher information matrix.
description: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1409.4102
From Unidisciplinary to Multidisciplinary Rebound Research: Lessons Learned for Comprehensive Climate and Energy Policies
Creators: name: Santarius, Tilman
name: Walnum, Hans Jakob
name: Aall, Carlo
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 333.7 Natürliche Ressourcen, Energie und Umwelt
subject: sustainable production and consumption
subject: energy economics
subject: energy efficiency
subject: climate policy
subject: rebound proof policy
subject: green growth
subject: post growth
subject: degrowth

description: This article presents how the rebound phenomenon has evolved from only being considered from a neoclassical economic perspective to include several other disciplines such as psychology, sociology, and industrial ecology. The intention is to show how different theoretical perspectives contribute to the scientific discourse about rebound effects. We summarize key findings from the various disciplinary strains of research and highlight new research questions and needs that arise. We discuss strengths and limitations of the expansion toward multidisciplinary rebound research and suggest that a further expansion toward transdisciplinary research could be valuable. We identify the “micro-macro discrepancy” and the “cause-effect relativity” as two general challenges that have to be taken into account when rebound research becomes increasingly multi- and transdisciplinary. In the final section of the article, we present lessons learned from multidisciplinary rebound research for policies and measures that aim to mitigate rebound effects. The main finding of this article is that if policymakers aim to make climate and energy policies as “rebound-proof” as possible, findings from both energy economics and multidisciplinary rebound research have to be taken into account.
title: Association of MRI signs in diagnosis of placenta accreta. Our experience.
Creators: name: Ninivaggi, Valeria
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Obstetrics
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: MR
subject: Genital / Reproductive system female
subject: Abdomen

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Placenta accreta is a pathologic condition where placental tissue invades the deciduas basalis, the myometrium or the nearest anatomical structures Our purpose is to evaluate whether combination of specific signs improves magnetic resonance imaging...
title: Imaging of ALPPS procedure: what the Radiologist should know
Creators: name: Zerial, Michele
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Liver
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: Surgery
subject: Neoplasia

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: 1) To review the indicationsand technique for Associating Liver Partition and Portal vein ligation for Staged hepatectomy (ALPPS) procedure; 2) to illustrate the role for imaging in the pre- and postoperative periods, with special emphasis on...