cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-1 Transmission Among Persons With Acute HIV-1 Infection in Malawi: Demographic, Behavioral, and Phylogenetic Relationships
Creators: name: Hosseinipour, M.C.
name: Kamanga, G.
name: Miller, W.C.
name: Dennis, A.M.
name: Powers, K.A.
name: Massa, C.
name: Rutstein, S.E.
name: Phiri, S.
name: Nsona, D.
name: Hoffman, I.F.
name: Pasquale, D.K.
name: Pettifor, A.E.
name: Rucinski, K.B.
name: Cohen, M.S.
Publisher: name: Oxford University Press
Year: 2019

description: Background: Understanding sexual networks involving acute human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 infections (AHI) may lead to prevention opportunities to mitigate high rates of onward transmission. We evaluated HIV-1 phylogenetic and behavioral characteristics among persons with AHI and their referred partners. Methods: Between 2012 and 2014, 46 persons with AHI in Malawi participated in a combined behavioral and biomedical intervention. Participants referred sexual partners by passive referral. Demographics and sexual behaviors were collected through interviews and HIV-1 genetic relationships were assessed with phylogenetics. Results: Among 45 AHI participants with HIV-1 sequences, none was phylogenetically-linked with another AHI index. There were 19 (42%) AHI participants who referred a single partner that returned for testing. Most partners (n = 17) were HIV-infected, with 15 (88%) presenting with an established infection. There were 14 index-partner pairs that had sequences available; 13 (93%) pairs were phylogenetically-linked dyads. The AHI index was female in 7/13 (54%) dyads. Age-disparate relationships among dyads were common (≥5-year age difference in 67% of dyads), including 3/6 dyads involving a male index and a younger woman. Index participants with a referred partner were more likely to report no casual partners and to be living with their current partner than participants not in dyads. Conclusions: Passive-partner referral successfully identified partners with genetically-similar HIV infections - the likely source of infection - but only 40% of index cases referred partners who presented for HIV-1 testing. Future work evaluating assisted partner notification may help reach susceptible partners or more people with untreated HIV-1 infections connected to acute transmission. Clinical Trials Registration: NCT01450189.
Simulation on Buildup of Electron Cloud in Proton Circular Accelerator
Creators: name: Liu, Yu-Dong
name: Li, Kai-Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electron cloud interaction with high energy positive beam are believed responsible for various undesirable effects such as vacuum degradation, collective beam instability and even beam loss in high power proton circular accelerator. An important uncertainty in predicting electron cloud instability lies in the detail processes on the generation and accumulation of the electron cloud. The simulation on the build-up of electron cloud is necessary to further studies on beam instability caused by electron cloud. China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS) is the largest scientific project in building, whose accelerator complex includes two main parts: an H- linac and a rapid cycling synchrotron (RCS). The RCS accumulates the 80Mev proton beam and accelerates it to 1.6GeV with a repetition rate 25Hz. During the beam injection with lower energy, the emerging electron cloud may cause a serious instability and beam loss on the vacuum pipe. A simulation code has been developed to simulate the build-up, distribution and density of electron cloud in CSNS/RCS.
Non-Hermitian Stark Many-Body Localization
Creators: name: Li, Han-Ze
name: Yu, Xue-Jia
name: Zhong, Jian-Xin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Utilizing exact diagonalization (ED) techniques, we investigate a one-dimensional, non-reciprocal, interacting hard-core boson model under a Stark potential with tail curvature. By employing the non-zero imaginary eigenenergies ratio, half-chain entanglement entropy, and eigenstate instability, we numerically confirm that the critical points of spectral real-complex (RC) transition and many-body localization (MBL) phase transition are not identical, and an examination of the phase diagrams reveals that the spectral RC transition arises before the MBL phase transition, which suggests the existence of a novel non-MBL-driven spectral RC transition. These findings are quite unexpected, and they are entirely different from observations in disorder-driven interacting non-Hermitian systems. This work provides a useful reference for further research on phase transitions in disorder-free interacting non-Hermitian systems.
description: This version has been accepted by Phys. Rev. A
Successful treatment of HIV eliminates sexual transmission
Creators: name: Cohen, M.S.
Publisher: name: Lancet Publishing Group
Year: 2019

description: In December, 2011, Science recognised the findings of the HPTN 052 study as the scientific breakthrough of the year. This study showed a 96% reduction in sexual transmission of HIV in serodifferent couples (one partner HIV positive, the other HIV negative) when the HIV-positive partner was successfully treated with antiretroviral therapy (ART). However, the HPTN 052 study included only a small number of men who have sex with men (MSM), for whom HIV acquisition often includes anal exposure, an efficient route of HIV transmission. Furthermore, the couples in the HPTN 052 study were counselled to use condoms, so the observed benefits of ART also reflected the contribution of safer sexual behaviours. Accordingly, other investigators have subsequently studied HIV transmission in couples who specifically chose not to use condoms.
title: Практикум по микропроцессорным системам управления
Creators: name: ELS IPR BOOKS
Publisher: name: Саратовский государственный технический университет имени Ю.А. Гагарина, ЭБС АСВ
Year: 2023

description: Рассматриваются методы и примеры проектирования логических, а на их основе – принципиальных схем микропроцессорных систем управления. Представлены различные аппаратные средства и программное обеспечение для проектирования, моделирования и реализации схем современных микропроцессорных систем управления. Практикум поможет овладеть методами и техникой проектирования не только отдельных схем, но и больших функционально законченных систем управления оборудованием машиностроительного производства. Излагаются общие принципы построения микропроцессорных систем управления (МПСУ). Рассматриваются их особенности, а также способы микропроцессорной реализации алгоритмов управления. В пособии рассмотрены структуры управляющих устройств на базе микроконтроллеров, применяемых в управляющих микропроцессорных устройствах. Приведены сведения о программировании промышленных микроконтроллеров. Пособие предназначено для студентов направлений 15.03.04, 15.04.04 изучающих дисциплины «Схемотехника систем управления», «Схемотехника микропроцессорных структур», «Системы автоматизации и управления», «Проектирование систем автоматизации и управления», «Микропроцессорные системы управления».
Probing topological charge of discrete vortices
Creators: name: Dev, Vasu
name: Pal, Vishwa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Discrete vortex, formed by a one-dimensional (1D) ring array of lasers, contains high output power as compared to a conventional continuous vortex, therefore, has attracted considerable interest due to widespread applications in various fields. We present a method for probing the magnitude and sign of the topological charge (TC) of an unknown discrete vortex, by analyzing the interference pattern of a 1D ring array of lasers. The interference pattern of an unknown discrete vortex with TC$\neq 0$ is averaged with the interference pattern of TC= 0, which gives rise to a variation in the fringe visibility as a function of laser number (j) in a 1D ring array. The number of dips observed in the fringe visibility curve is found to be proportional to the magnitude of TC of a discrete vortex. The sign of TC is determined by averaging the interference patterns of unknown discrete vortex (TC$\neq 0$) with known TC= +1. The number of dips in the fringe visibility curve decreases by one for a positive TC, and increases by one for a negative TC. Further, we have verified our method against the phase disorder, and it is found that the phase disorder does not influence an accurate determination of TC of a discrete vortex. The working principle as well as numerical and experimental results are presented for the discrete vortices with TC from small to large values. An excellent agreement between the experimental results and numerical simulations is found. Our method can be useful in the applications of discrete vortices.
description: 17 pages, 12 figures
The RADON Verification Tool: Proofs of Correctness
Creators: name: Law, Mark
name: Russo, Alessandra
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: The RADON Constraint Definition Language (CDL) can be used to encode both functional and non-functional requirements on Function as a Service (FaaS) architecture. The primary use of its associated Verification Tool is to check whether a given architecture conforms to a given CDL specification. In addition, it can also suggest corrections to a RADON model that does not conform to a CDL specification and learn requirements (expressed as CDL constraints) from examples of valid and invalid RADON models. This document presents the formal semantics for the CDL and the proofs of correctness of the Verification Tool.
Hanbury Brown and Twiss Interferometry with Twisted Light
Creators: name: Magana-Loaiza, Omar S.
name: Mirhosseini, Mohammad
name: Cross, Robert M.
name: Rafsanjani, Seyed Mohammad Hashemi
name: Boyd, Robert W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The rich physics exhibited by random optical wave fields permitted Hanbury Brown and Twiss to unveil fundamental aspects of light. Furthermore, it has been recognized that optical vortices are ubiquitous in random light and that the phase distribution around these optical singularities inprints a spectrum of orbital angular momentum onto a light field. We demonstrate that random fluctuations of light give rise to the formation of correlations in the orbital angular momentum components and angular positions of pseudothermal light. The presence of these correlations is manisfested through distinct interference structures in the orbital angular momentum-mode distribution of random light. These novel forms of interference correspond to the azimuthal analog of the Hanbury Brown and Twiss effect. This family of effects can be of fundamental importance in applications where entanglement is not required and where correlations in angular position and orbital angular momentum suffice. We also suggest that the azimuthal Hanbury Brown and Twiss effect can be useful in the exploration of novel phenomena in other branches of physics and astrophysics.
description: Science Advances
title: Практикум по экономической безопасности
Creators: name: ELS IPR BOOKS
Publisher: name: Саратовский государственный технический университет имени Ю.А. Гагарина, ЭБС АСВ
Year: 2023

description: Учебно-методическое пособие содержит задачи, кейсы и деловые игры с целью более детального усвоения материала студентами, а также формирования и закрепления навыков решения практических задач в области обеспечения экономической безопасности и развития креативного мышления у обучающихся. Для преподавателей и студентов экономических специальностей вузов.
Population Modeling Highlights Drug Disposition Differences Between Tenofovir Alafenamide and Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate in the Blood and Semen
Creators: name: Gay, C.L.
name: Prince, H.M.A.
name: Greene, S.A.
name: Schauer, A.P.
name: Nelson, J.A.E.
name: Blake, K.
name: Sykes, C.
name: Dumond, J.B.
name: Cohen, M.S.
name: Chen, J.
Publisher: name: Nature Publishing Group
Year: 2019

description: Understanding antiretroviral disposition in the male genital tract, a distinct viral compartment, can provide insight for the eradication of HIV. Population pharmacokinetic modeling was conducted to investigate the disposition of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF), tenofovir alafenamide (TAF), and emtricitabine and their metabolites in blood and semen. Blood plasma and seminal plasma (SP) concentrations of tenofovir and emtricitabine were measured, as were tenofovir-diphosphate and emtricitabine-triphosphate concentrations in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and seminal mononuclear cells. Sequential compartmental modeling described drug disposition in blood and semen. Our modeling suggests slower elimination of apparent tenofovir-diphosphate PBMC and faster elimination of tenofovir SP after administration of TAF compared with TDF, likely reflecting flip-flop kinetics. Additionally, TAF metabolism to tenofovir appeared slower in semen compared with blood; however, SP elimination of TAF-derived tenofovir appeared faster than its blood plasma elimination. These findings provide valuable insight for further mechanistic study of cellular entry and drug metabolism in the male genital tract.
The 79 AD Vesuvius eruption revisited: the pyroclastic density currents
Creators: name: Scarpati, Claudio
name: Santangelo, Ileana
name: Chiominto, Giulia
name: Perrotta, Annamaria
name: Branney, Michael J.
name: Fedele, Lorenzo
Publisher: name: Geological Society of London
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 3705
subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Appendices A, Stratigraphic correlation table and simplified stratigraphic scheme; B, Methods; C, Description of the lithofacies; D, Representative field photographs; E, Areal distributions; F, Sedimentological parameters; G, PDCs main features.
Treatment for HIV prevention, one couple at a time
Creators: name: Cohen, M.S.
Publisher: name: Elsevier Ltd
Year: 2018

description: The belief that treatment of HIV infection will reduce the spread of the virus was inspired by a series of observational studies of HIV serodiscordant heterosexual couples, in which HIV transmission was reduced or eliminated if the sexual partner with HIV was given antiretroviral therapy (ART), and by the results of the HPTN 052 multinational randomised controlled trial. However, these studies included few homosexual couples; therefore, the risk of HIV transmission from condomless anal intercourse could not be addressed.
Reward Learning with Intractable Normalizing Functions
Creators: name: Hoegerman, Joshua
name: Losey, Dylan P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Robots can learn to imitate humans by inferring what the human is optimizing for. One common framework for this is Bayesian reward learning, where the robot treats the human's demonstrations and corrections as observations of their underlying reward function. Unfortunately, this inference is doubly-intractable: the robot must reason over all the trajectories the person could have provided and all the rewards the person could have in mind. Prior work uses existing robotic tools to approximate this normalizer. In this paper, we group previous approaches into three fundamental classes and analyze the theoretical pros and cons of their approach. We then leverage recent research from the statistics community to introduce Double MH reward learning, a Monte Carlo method for asymptotically learning the human's reward in continuous spaces. We extend Double MH to conditionally independent settings (where each human correction is viewed as completely separate) and conditionally dependent environments (where the human's current correction may build on previous inputs). Across simulations and user studies, our proposed approach infers the human's reward parameters more accurately than the alternate approximations when learning from either demonstrations or corrections. See videos here: https://youtu.be/EkmT3o5K5ko
Automated generation and symbolic manipulation of tensor product finite elements
Creators: name: McRae, Andrew T. T.
name: Bercea, Gheorghe-Teodor
name: Mitchell, Lawrence
name: Ham, David A.
name: Cotter, Colin J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Mathematical Software (cs.MS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: G.1.8; G.4

description: We describe and implement a symbolic algebra for scalar and vector-valued finite elements, enabling the computer generation of elements with tensor product structure on quadrilateral, hexahedral and triangular prismatic cells. The algebra is implemented as an extension to the domain-specific language UFL, the Unified Form Language. This allows users to construct many finite element spaces beyond those supported by existing software packages. We have made corresponding extensions to FIAT, the FInite element Automatic Tabulator, to enable numerical tabulation of such spaces. This tabulation is consequently used during the automatic generation of low-level code that carries out local assembly operations, within the wider context of solving finite element problems posed over such function spaces. We have done this work within the code-generation pipeline of the software package Firedrake; we make use of the full Firedrake package to present numerical examples.
description: Submitted to SISC special issue on CSE Software. Updated version, following reviewer comments
Ethical considerations in global HIV phylogenetic research
Creators: name: Cohen, M.S.
name: Harling, G.
name: Tucker, J.D.
name: Simwinga, M.
name: Coltart, C.E.M.
name: Geller, G.
name: Fraser, C.
name: Godfrey-Faussett, P.
name: Hoppe, A.
name: Henderson, G.
name: Amon, J.J.
name: Parker, M.
name: Laeyendecker, O.
name: Dawson, L.
name: Seeley, J.
name: Grabowski, M.K.
name: Ethics in HIV Phylogenetics Working Group
name: Vandamme, A.-M.
name: Novitsky, V.
name: Pillay, D.
name: Dallabetta, G.
name: Eba, P.
Publisher: name: Elsevier Ltd
Year: 2018

description: Phylogenetic analysis of pathogens is an increasingly powerful way to reduce the spread of epidemics, including HIV. As a result, phylogenetic approaches are becoming embedded in public health and research programmes, as well as outbreak responses, presenting unique ethical, legal, and social issues that are not adequately addressed by existing bioethics literature. We formed a multidisciplinary working group to explore the ethical issues arising from the design of, conduct in, and use of results from HIV phylogenetic studies, and to propose recommendations to minimise the associated risks to both individuals and groups. We identified eight key ethical domains, within which we highlighted factors that make HIV phylogenetic research unique. In this Review, we endeavoured to provide a framework to assist researchers, public health practitioners, and funding institutions to ensure that HIV phylogenetic studies are designed, done, and disseminated in an ethical manner. Our conclusions also have broader relevance for pathogen phylogenetics.
Characterization of Molecular Breakup by Very Intense Femtosecond XUV Laser Pulses
Creators: name: Yue, Lun
name: Madsen, Lars Bojer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the breakup of $\text{H}_2^+$ exposed to super-intense, femtosecond laser pulses with frequencies greater than that corresponding to the ionization potential. By solving the time-dependent Schrödinger equation in an extensive field parameter range, it is revealed that highly nonresonant dissociation channels can dominate over ionization. By considering field-dressed Born-Oppenheimer potential energy curves in the reference frame following a free electron in the field, we propose a simple physical model that characterizes this dissociation mechanism. The model is used to predict control of vibrational excitation, magnitude of the dissociation yields, and nuclear kinetic energy release spectra. Finally, the joint energy spectrum for the ionization process illustrates the energy sharing between the electron and the nuclei and the correlation between ionization and dissociation processes.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
Tracking HIV-1 recombination to resolve its contribution to HIV-1 evolution in natural infection
Creators: name: Wang, S.
name: Jiang, C.
name: Korber, B.
name: Ganusov, V.V.
name: Yoon, H.
name: Giorgi, E.E.
name: Salazar, M.G.
name: Gao, F.
name: Hahn, B.H.
name: Li, H.
name: Romero-Severson, E.
name: Goonetilleke, N.
name: Shaw, G.M.
name: Montefiori, D.C.
name: Bhattacharya, T.
name: Athreya, G.
name: Hora, B.
name: Keele, B.F.
name: Hraber, P.
name: Li, X.
name: Haynes, B.F.
name: Cai, F.
name: McMichael, A.J.
name: Carja, O.
name: Song, H.
name: Salazar-Gonzalez, J.F.
name: Cohen, M.S.
Publisher: name: Nature Publishing Group
Year: 2018

description: Recombination in HIV-1 is well documented, but its importance in the low-diversity setting of within-host diversification is less understood. Here we develop a novel computational tool (RAPR (Recombination Analysis PRogram)) to enable a detailed view of in vivo viral recombination during early infection, and we apply it to near-full-length HIV-1 genome sequences from longitudinal samples. Recombinant genomes rapidly replace transmitted/founder (T/F) lineages, with a median half-time of 27 days, increasing the genetic complexity of the viral population. We identify recombination hot and cold spots that differ from those observed in inter-subtype recombinants. Furthermore, RAPR analysis of longitudinal samples from an individual with well-characterized neutralizing antibody responses shows that recombination helps carry forward resistance-conferring mutations in the diversifying quasispecies. These findings provide insight into molecular mechanisms by which viral recombination contributes to HIV-1 persistence and immunopathogenesis and have implications for studies of HIV transmission and evolution in vivo.
Truncated versions of Dwork's lemma for exponentials of power series and $p$-divisibility of arithmetic functiens
Creators: name: Krattenthaler, Christian
name: Müller, Thomas W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 20K01, Secondary 05A15 05E99 11A07 20E06 20E07 20E08

description: (Dieudonné and) Dwork's lemma gives a necessary and sufficient condition for an exponential of a formal power series $S(z)$ with coefficients in $Q_p$ to have coefficients in $Z_p$. We establish theorems on the $p$-adic valuation of the coefficients of the exponential of $S(z)$, assuming weaker conditions on the coefficients of $S(z)$ than in Dwork's lemma. As applications, we provide several results concerning lower bounds on the $p$-adic valuation of the number of permutation representations of finitely generated groups. In particular, we give fairly tight lower bounds in the case of an arbitrary finite Abelian $p$-group, thus generalising numerous results in special cases that had appeared earlier in the literature. Further applications include sufficient conditions for ultimate periodicity of subgroup numbers modulo $p$ for free products of finite Abelian $p$-groups, results on $p$-divisibility of permutation numbers with restrictions on their cycle structure, and a curious "supercongruence" for a certain binomial sum.
description: AmS-LaTeX; 34 pages; several typos corrected; final version, to appear in Adv. Math
HIV Linkage to Care and Retention in Care Rate Among MSM in Guangzhou, China
Creators: name: Mao, J.
name: Tucker, J.D.
name: Tang, W.
name: Xu, H.
name: Cohen, M.S.
name: Cheng, W.
name: Wong, N.S.
Publisher: name: Springer New York LLC
Year: 2018

description: Quantifying HIV service provision along the HIV care continuum is increasingly important for monitoring and evaluating HIV interventions. We examined factors associated with linkage and retention in care longitudinally among MSM (n = 1974, 4933 person-years) diagnosed and living in Guangzhou, China, in 2008–2014. We measured longitudinal change of retention in care (≥2 CD4 tests per year) from linkage and antiretroviral therapy initiation (ART). We examined factors associated with linkage using logistic regression and with retention using generalized estimating equations. The rate of linkage to care was 89% in 2014. ART retention rate dropped from 71% (year 1) to 46% (year 2), suggesting that first-year retention measures likely overestimate retention over longer periods. Lower CD4 levels and older age predicted retention in ART care. These data can inform interventions to improve retention about some subgroups.
title: Практикум по экономической безопасности фирмы
Creators: name: ELS IPR BOOKS
Publisher: name: Саратовский государственный технический университет имени Ю.А. Гагарина, ЭБС АСВ
Year: 2023

description: Учебно-методическое пособие содержит задачи, тесты, кейсы и деловые игры с целью более детального усвоения материала студентами, а также формирования и закрепления навыков решения практических задач в области обеспечения экономической безопасности фирмы и развития креативного мышления у обучающихся. Для преподавателей и студентов экономических специальностей вузов.
title: General Physics laboratory experiments
title: Εργαστηριακές Ασκήσεις Γενικής Φυσικής
Creators: name: Berillis, Panagiotis
Publisher: name: Kallipos, Open Academic Editions
Year: 2022
Subjects: Ηλεκτρικό ρεύμα
Επιφανειακή τάση
Θερμοζεύγος
Θερμοχωρητικότητα
Οπτικοί φακοί
Ρευστομηχανική
Φάσματα
Ακτινοβολία
Θεωρία σφαλμάτων
Electricity
Electric current
Τhermocouple
Thermal capacity
Optic lences
Fluid mechanics
Spectrum
Radiation
Measurement Error Theory
Thermodynamics
Θερμοδυναμική

description: This book is addressed to university students where the Physics course is introductory and the laboratory part is not covered by the taught textbook. It covers the laboratory experiments of the course and contributes to the understanding of physics concepts. Through this is achieved the better understanding by the students of basic concepts, such as the concept of experiment, the concept of error in measurements, the correct drawing of graphs, etc. Its first pages are covering the necessary introduction to error theory, the correct results presentation and the correct way to draw graphs. The understanding of these concepts is crucial as the students will encounter them constantly throughout their studies. Seventeen physics experiments are described in detail, including the theory, giving in this way a complete picture from both laboratory and theoretical point of view.
description: Το παρών σύγγραμμα απευθύνεται σε φοιτητές σχολών όπου το μάθημα της Φυσικής είναι εισαγωγικό και το εργαστηριακό κομμάτι δεν καλύπτεται από το διανεμόμενο σύγγραμμα. Εξυπηρετεί τις εργαστηριακές ασκήσεις του μαθήματος και συμβάλει στην κατανόηση εννοιών της φυσικής μέσα από στοχευμένα πειράματα. Μέσα από αυτό επιτυγχάνεται η καλύτερη κατανόηση βασικών εννοιών από τους φοιτητές, όπως η έννοια του πειράματος, η έννοια του σφάλματος στις μετρήσεις, η σωστή χάραξη γραφικών παραστάσεων κτλ. Άλλωστε οι πρώτες σελίδες του αποτελούν την απαραίτητη εισαγωγή στην θεωρία σφαλμάτων, στην παρουσίαση των αποτελεσμάτων και στην σωστή χάραξη διαγραμμάτων. Η κατανόηση των εννοιών αυτών είναι κρίσιμης σημασίας μιας και είναι σίγουρο ότι κατά τη διάρκεια των σπουδών τους οι φοιτητές θα τις συναντούν συνεχώς. Περιγράφονται διεξοδικά δεκαεπτά πειράματα φυσικής τα οποία συμπεριλαμβάνουν και τη θεωρία των αντίστοιχων φυσικών φαινομένων, δίνοντας έτσι τη δυνατότητα μιας πλήρους εικόνας των πειραμάτων, τόσο από εργαστηριακή, όσο και από θεωρητική άποψη.
MPEC 2024-R282 : 2024 RK13
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2024 RK13

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
title: Sociology of modernity
title: A macro-sociological view
titleType: AlternativeTitle
title: Κοινωνιολογία της νεωτερικότητας
title: Μία μακροκοινωνιολογική έποψη
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Marangudakis, Manussos
Publisher: name: Kallipos, Open Academic Editions
Year: 2022
Subjects: Νεωτερικότητα
Κινήματα διαμαρτυρίας
Ελίτ
Επαναστάσεις
Νεωτερικοί πολιτισμοί
Κοινωνική αλλαγή
Κοινωνική διάταξη
Modernity
Protest movements
Elites
Revolutions
Civilizations of modernity
Social change
Social order

description: The book in hand is a sociological examination of modernity, and more specifically a macro-sociological look at modern civilization of modernity as proposed by Max Weber and half a century later was refined and developed by the most important follower of his work, Shmuel Eisenstadt. This development, which communicates to both the renewed neo-structuralism and the Marxist school, is rather unknown in Greece, both among scholars and students of modernity - especially with regard to modernity in civilizations beyond the West.
description: Το βιβλίο ανά χείρας αποτελεί μια κοινωνιολογική εξέταση της νεωτερικότητας, και πιο συγκεκριμένα μια μακροκοινωνιολογική ματιά στον σύγχρονο πολιτισμό της νεωτερικότητας όπως αυτή προτάθηκε από τον Max Weber και μισό αιώνα αργότερα εκλεπτύνθηκε και αναπτύχθηκε από τον πιο σημαντικό συνεχιστή του έργου του, τον Shmuel Eisenstadt. Η εκλέπτυνση αυτή που συνομιλεί τόσο με τον ανανεωμένο νέο-δομολειτουργισμό όσο και τη μαρξιστική σχολή, είναι μάλλον άγνωστη στην Ελλάδα, τόσο ανάμεσα στους μελετητές, όσο και στους σπουδαστές της νεωτερικότητας – ιδιαίτερα όσον αφορά τη νεωτερικότητα σε πολιτισμούς πέραν του δυτικού.
Weighing the Evidence of Efficacy of Oral PrEP for HIV Prevention in Women in Southern Africa
Creators: name: Janes, H.
name: Gray, G.E.
name: Lombard, C.
name: Carpp, L.N.
name: Ramjee, G.
name: Gilbert, P.B.
name: Corey, L.
name: Cohen, M.S.
Publisher: name: Mary Ann Liebert Inc.
Year: 2018

description: As oral tenofovir-based regimens for preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) are adopted as standard of care for HIV prevention, their utilization in clinical trials among women in southern Africa will require an accurate estimate of oral PrEP efficacy in this population. This information is critical for women in choosing this prevention strategy, and in public health policy making. Estimates of the efficacy of oral PrEP regimens containing tenofovir have varied widely across trials that enrolled women, with some studies reporting high efficacy and others reporting no efficacy. Although poor adherence is strongly associated with lack of efficacy, other factors, such as mode of transmission (sexual vs. parenteral), predominant HIV subtype (C vs. non-C), intensity of exposure, and percentage of stable serodiscordant couples, may also contribute to the variation in efficacy estimates. In this article, we evaluate the evidence for PrEP efficacy in women and propose potential explanations for the observed differences in efficacy among studies. Our review emphasizes the need to continue to refine estimates of efficacy and effectiveness of tenofovir-based oral PrEP so as to best develop the next generation of HIV prevention tools, and to inform public policies directed toward HIV prevention.
A method for molecular dynamics on curved surfaces
Creators: name: Paquay, Stefan
name: Kusters, Remy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dynamics simulations of constrained particles can greatly aid in understanding the temporal and spatial evolution of biological processes such as lateral transport along membranes and self-assembly of viruses. Most theoretical efforts in the field of diffusive transport have focussed on solving the diffusion equation on curved surfaces, for which it is not tractable to incorporate particle interactions even though these play a crucial role in crowded systems. We show here that it is possible to combine standard constraint algorithms with the classical velocity Verlet scheme to perform molecular dynamics simulations of particles constrained to an arbitrarily curved surface, in which such interactions can be taken into account. Furthermore, unlike Brownian dynamics schemes in local coordinates, our method is based on Cartesian coordinates allowing for the reuse of many other standard tools without modifications, including parallelisation through domain decomposition. We show that by applying the schemes to the Langevin equation for various surfaces, confined Brownian motion is obtained, which has direct applications to many biological and physical problems. Finally we present two practical examples that highlight the applicability of the method: (i) the influence of crowding and shape on the lateral diffusion of proteins in curved membranes and (ii) the self-assembly of a coarse-grained virus capsid protein model.
description: 30 pages, 5 figures
title: Теория и практика рекламных коммуникаций
Creators: name: ELS IPR BOOKS
Publisher: name: Саратовский государственный технический университет имени Ю.А. Гагарина, ЭБС АСВ
Year: 2023

description: Учебное пособие направлено на формирование у бакалавров, обучающихся по направлению «Реклама и связи с общественностью», представления об институте рекламы как особом канале коммуникации. Для этого подробно охарактеризованы теории глобальных, социальных и маркетинговых коммуникаций. Отдельные главы посвящены основным характеристикам, концептуальным основам и теориям информационного общества, а также теоретико-методологическим аспектам глобальной коммуникации. Учебное пособие предназначено для бакалавров направления 42.03.01 «Реклама и связи с общественностью» и других смежных медиакоммуникационных направлений (философов, социологов, журналистов, психологов и др.).
Asymmetric condensed dark matter
Creators: name: Aguirre, Anthony
name: Diez-Tejedor, Alberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the viability of a boson dark matter candidate with an asymmetry between the number densities of particles and antiparticles. A simple thermal field theory analysis confirms that, under certain general conditions, this component would develop a Bose-Einstein condensate in the early universe that, for appropriate model parameters, could survive the ensuing cosmological evolution until now. The condensation of a dark matter component in equilibrium with the thermal plasma is a relativistic process, hence the amount of matter dictated by the charge asymmetry is complemented by a hot relic density frozen out at the time of decoupling. Contrary to the case of ordinary WIMPs, dark matter particles in a condensate must be lighter than a few tens of eV so that the density from thermal relics is not too large. Big-Bang nucleosynthesis constrains the temperature of decoupling to the scale of the QCD phase transition or above. This requires large dark matter-to-photon ratios and very weak interactions with standard model particles.
description: 30 pages, 1 figure. Some improvements with respect to the previous version. To appear in JCAP
RAB11FIP5 Expression and Altered Natural Killer Cell Function Are Associated with Induction of HIV Broadly Neutralizing Antibody Responses
Creators: name: Moody, M.A.
name: Tomaras, G.D.
name: Venkat, V.
name: Peppa, D.
name: Hora, B.
name: Haynes, B.F.
name: Pedroza-Pacheco, I.
name: Henao, R.
name: Overman, R.G.
name: Bradley, T.
name: Connors, M.
name: Vandergrift, N.A.
name: Borrow, P.
name: Ginsburg, G.S.
name: Woods, C.W.
name: Cohen, M.S.
name: Edwards, R.W.
name: Cain, D.W.
name: Li, D.
name: Chen, Y.
name: Ferrari, G.
Publisher: name: Cell Press
Year: 2018

description: HIV-1 broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) are difficult to induce with vaccines but are generated in ∼50% of HIV-1-infected individuals. Understanding the molecular mechanisms of host control of bnAb induction is critical to vaccine design. Here, we performed a transcriptome analysis of blood mononuclear cells from 47 HIV-1-infected individuals who made bnAbs and 46 HIV-1-infected individuals who did not and identified in bnAb individuals upregulation of RAB11FIP5, encoding a Rab effector protein associated with recycling endosomes. Natural killer (NK) cells had the highest differential expression of RAB11FIP5, which was associated with greater dysregulation of NK cell subsets in bnAb subjects. NK cells from bnAb individuals had a more adaptive/dysfunctional phenotype and exhibited impaired degranulation and cytokine production that correlated with RAB11FIP5 transcript levels. Moreover, RAB11FIP5 overexpression modulated the function of NK cells. These data suggest that NK cells and Rab11 recycling endosomal transport are involved in regulation of HIV-1 bnAb development. Generation of broadly neutralizing antibodies against HIV-1 in humans is linked to the expression of a specific recycling endosome-associated effector in natural killer cells.
Traces of Integrability in Relaxation of One-Dimensional Two-Mass Mixtures
Creators: name: Hwang, Zaijong
name: Cao, Frank
name: Olshanii, Maxim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study relaxation in a one-dimensional two-mass mixture of hard-core particles. A heavy-light-heavy triplet of three neighboring particles can form a little known unequal mass generalization of Newton's cradle at particular light-to-heavy mass ratios. An anomalous slow-down in the relaxation of the whole system is expected due to the presence of these triplets, and we provide numerical evidence to support this prediction. The expected experimental realization of our model involves mixtures of two internal states in optical lattices, where the ratio between effective masses can be controlled at will.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures. Fixed various typos and added DOI
Quantum Description of Free Electron Laser Radiation and Nonlinear Amplitude Equations
Creators: name: Tzenov, Stephan I.
name: Chen, Zhichu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A relativistic quantum mechanical model to describe the quantum FEL dynamics has been developed. Neglecting the spin of electrons in the impacting beam, this model is based on the Klein-Gordon equation coupled to the Poisson equation for the space-charge potential and the wave equation for the transverse components of the radiation field. Furthermore, a system of coupled nonlinear envelope equations for the slowly varying amplitudes of the electron beam distribution and the radiation field has been derived. The fundamental system of basic equations have been cast into a suitable hydrodynamic formulation. In the framework of the hydrodynamic representation, a new dispersion relation has been derived and analyzed in both the quantum and the quasi-classical regimes, where the space-charge oscillations of the electron beam are taken into account.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures
A Combined Wetting and Scattering Study of the Near Surface Ordering in Sugar Surfactant Based Bicontinuous Microemulsions at Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic Surfaces
Creators: name: Wellert, Stefan
name: Stehle, Ralf
name: Micciulla, Samantha
name: Dahl, Margarethe
name: Steitz, Roland
name: Hellweg, Thomas
name: Holderer, Olaf
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften
subject: microemulsion
subject: bending elasticity
subject: neutron scattering
subject: neutron spin echo
subject: neutron reflectomery

description: The commercial availability of natural surfactants, e.g., alkyl-oligoglucosides and the solubilization of plant and food grade oils extends the field of applications for microemulsions. To study potential effects of the confinement on the structure and dynamics inside a microemulsion, neutron reflectometry and neutron spin echo spectroscopy under grazing incidence have been used. Measurements of the contact between a bicontinuous microemulsion and a hydrophilic and hydrophobic surface are compared and show a similar wetting behavior and near surface structuring.
LES of transient premixed flames using a dynamic flame surface density model
Creators: name: Ruipengyu Li
Publisher: name: Loughborough University
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 91399 Mechanical Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mechanical engineering

description: Transient premixed flames are significant in areas such as spark-ignition engines and gas explosions. However, physical understanding and accurate prediction remain challenging due to the fact that the flame typically transits from early quasi-laminar to fully turbulent, and the interactions with the surrounding solid structures often lead to the continuous stretching of the flame front. This study has considered the large eddy simulation (LES) techniques for the simulations of transient turbulent premixed flames. The LES technique has evolved as a powerful computational tool for the prediction of unsteady flame propagation. The difficulty of applying LES for turbulent premixed combustion is to account for the thin flame front using appropriate methods. This thesis considers a dynamic flame surface density (DFSD) model to close the filtered reaction rate. It automatically computes the model parameter based on the characteristics of the resolved flame front. The model is first validated in a one-dimensional laminar case to ensure the correct behaviours including the filtered flame thickness and laminar burning velocity with the absence of sub-grid turbulence. [Continues.]
Tocilizumab administration in cytokine release syndrome is associated with hypofibrinogenemia after chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy for hematologic malignancies
Creators: name: Perl, Markus
name: Herfeld, Konstantin
name: Harrer, Dennis C.
name: Höpting, Matthias
name: Schweiger, Marina
name: Sterz, Ulrich
name: Knödler, Leonard
name: Heimerl, Susanne
name: Hansmann, Leo
name: Herr, Wolfgang
name: Poeck, Hendrik
name: Wolff, Daniel
name: Edinger, Matthias
name: Hart, Christina
name: Fante, Matthias Alexander
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin

description: Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy causes serious side effects including cytokine release syndrome (CRS).
CRS-related coagulopathy is associated with hypofibrinogenemia that has up to now been considered the result of disseminated
intravascular coagulation (DIC) and liver dysfunction. We investigated the incidence and risk factors for hypofibrinogenemia
in 41 consecutive adult patients with hematologic malignancies (median age 69 years, range 38-83 years)
receiving CAR T-cell therapy between January 2020 and May 2023 at the University Medical Center Regensburg. CRS occurred
in 93% of patients and was accompanied by hypofibrinogenemia already from CRS grade 1. Yet DIC and liver dysfunction
mainly occurred in severe CRS (≥ grade 3). After an initial increase during CRS, fibrinogen levels dropped after administration
of tocilizumab in a dose-dependent manner (r = -0.44, P=0.004). In contrast, patients who did not receive tocilizumab
had increased fibrinogen levels. Logistic regression analysis identified tocilizumab as an independent risk factor for hypofibrinogenemia
(odds ratio = 486, P<0.001). We thus hypothesize that fibrinogen synthesis in CRS is up-regulated in an
interleukin-6-dependent acute phase reaction compensating for CRS-induced consumption of coagulation factors. Tocilizumab
inhibits fibrinogen upregulation resulting in prolonged hypofibrinogenemia. These observations provide novel insights
into the pathophysiology of hypofibrinogenemia following CAR T-cell therapy, and emphasize the need for close fibrinogen
monitoring after tocilizumab treatment of CRS.
Pressure-induced superconductivity in the three-dimensional Dirac semimetal Cd3As2
Creators: name: He, L. P.
name: Jia, Y. T.
name: Zhang, S. J.
name: Hong, X. C.
name: Jin, C. Q.
name: Li, S. Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recently discovered Dirac and Weyl semimetals are new members of topological materials. Starting from them, topological superconductivity may be achieved, e.g. by carrier doping or applying pressure. Here we report high-pressure resistance and X-ray diffraction study of the three-dimensional topological Dirac semimetal Cd3As2. Superconductivity with Tc ~ 2.0 K is observed at 8.5 GPa. The Tc keeps increasing to about 4.0 K at 21.3 GPa, then shows a nearly constant pressure dependence up to the highest pressure 50.9 GPa. The X-ray diffraction measurements reveal a structure phase transition around 3.5 GPa. Our observation of superconductivity in pressurized topological Dirac semimetal Cd3As2 provides a new candidate for topological superconductor, as argued in a recent point contact study and a theoretical work.
description: 20 pages, 5 figures
Platymamersopsis adhika Cook 1967
Creators: name: Pešić, Vladimir
name: Chatterjee, Tapas
name: Bordoloi, Sabitry
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Trombidiformes
Anisitsiellidae
Platymamersopsis
Platymamersopsis adhika

description: Platymamersopsis adhika Cook, 1967
Records from the study area: Karnataka—Cook (1967); Prasad (1974).
Habitat: Mountain streams.
Distribution: India
description: Published as part of Pešić, Vladimir, Chatterjee, Tapas & Bordoloi, Sabitry, 2010, A checklist of the water mites (Acari: Hydrachnidia) of India, with new records and description of one new species, pp. 1-54 in Zootaxa 2617 (1) on page 10, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2617.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/197964
PSSOH radionica instalacije Linuksa
Creators: name: Todorović, Nikola
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Linux
Installation
OS
Linuks
instalacija
operativni sistem
Serbian

description: Prezentacija održana tokom post-konferencijske PSSOH radionice na temu instaliranja Linuksa koja je održana 31. oktobra 2020. godine na Univerzitetu u Beogradu - Elektrotehničkom fakultetu u sali 69. Zvanični naziv radionice na srpskom jeziku je "Radionica instaliranja Linuksa".