cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A novel subset of memory B cells is enriched in autoreactivity and correlates with adverse outcomes in SLE
Creators: name: Looney, John
name: Clarke, Stephen H.
name: Sanz, Ingnacio
name: Nicholas, Matilda W.
name: Dooley, Mary Anne
name: Hogan, Susan L.
name: Anolik, Jennifer
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: We previously reported that some systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients have a population of circulating memory B cells with >2-fold higher levels of CD19. We show here that the presence of CD19hi B cells correlates with long-term adverse outcomes. These B cells do not appear anergic, as they exhibit high basal levels of phosphorylated Syk and ERK1/2, signal transduce in response to BCR crosslinking, and can become plasma cells (PCs) in vitro. Autoreactive anti-Smith (Sm) B cells are enriched in this population and the degree of enrichment correlates with the log of the serum anti-Sm titer, arguing that they undergo clonal expansion before PC differentiation. PC differentiation may occur at sites of inflammation, as CD19hi B cells have elevated CXCR3 levels and chemotax in response to its ligand CXCL9. Thus, CD19hi B cells are precursors to anti-self PCs, and identify an SLE patient subset likely to experience poor clinical outcomes.
title: Abdominal aneurysms- the good, the bad and the life –threatening
Creators: name: Groudeva, Violeta
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Arteries / Aorta
subject: Cardiovascular system
subject: Vascular
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: Computer Applications-Detection, diagnosis
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: Acute
subject: Aneurysms
subject: Haemorrhage

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: To present typical findings in abdominal aortic, visceral and iliac aneurysms suggestive of benign, complicated or life-threatening nature of the aneurysm. To illustrate their imaging characteristics using contrast-enhanced...
title: Segmental arterial mediolysis: differential diagnosis of an uncommon vascular disease
Creators: name: Lizarraga Oroz, Nahia
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: Arteries / Aorta
subject: Vascular
subject: CT
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: Image manipulation / Reconstruction
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Aneurysms
subject: Dissection
subject: Haemorrhage

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: Review the main radiological findings of the segmental arterial mediolysis (SAM) and establish a proper differential...
title: Interstitial lung disease in systemic sclerosis: Computed tomography, clinical and functional data correlation
Creators: name: Affes, Meriem
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Thorax
subject: CT
subject: Computer Applications-General
subject: Pathology

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: - To look for a correlation between CT abnormalities and clinical and functional respiratory data - To assess the severity of the interstitial lung disease using the score of...
Gene gun-mediated DNA vaccination enhances antigen-specific immunotherapy at a late preclinical stage of type 1 diabetes in nonobese diabetic mice
Creators: name: Goudy, Kevin S.
name: Tisch, Roland
name: Wang, Bo
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is characterized by the T cell mediated destruction of the insulin producing β cells. Antigen-specific immunotherapies are used to selectively tolerize β cell-specific pathogenic T cells either directly, or indirectly through the induction of immunoregulatory T cells. A key concern of antigen-specific immunotherapy is exacerbating autoimmunity. We compared the T cell reactivity and efficacy induced by plasmid DNA (pDNA) encoding glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GAD65) administered via intramuscular versus gene gun vaccination in NOD mice at a late preclinical stage of T1D. Whereas intramuscular injection of pGAD65 promoted a predominant type 1 CD4+ T cell response and failed to suppress ongoing β cell autoimmunity, gene gun vaccination preferentially induced IL-4 secreting CD4+ T cells and significantly delayed the onset of diabetes. These findings demonstrate that gene gun delivery of autoantigen-encoding pDNA preferentially elicits immunoregulatory T cells and offers a safe, effective mode of pDNA vaccination for the treatment of T1D and other autoimmune diseases.
(400980) Edith Isabel Paul
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
title: Solitary fibrous tumours: radiologic features of thoracic, extrathoracic and malignant disease.
Creators: name: Cavero Barreras, Laura
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: Musculoskeletal soft tissue
subject: Thorax
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Neoplasia

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: To review the main imaging features of thoracic, extrathoracic and malignant Solitary fibrous tumours (SFTs). To establish a differential diagnosis through cases studied in our...
Locally Cartesian Closed Quasicategories from Type Theory
Creators: name: Kapulkin, Chris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary: 18G55, Secondary: 03B70, 55U35

description: We prove that the quasicategories arising from models of Martin-Löf type theory via simplicial localization are locally cartesian closed.
description: 21 pages; to appear in J. Topology
title: CXR for NGT, position, safety assessment and documentation.
Creators: name: Khater, Engy
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Lung
subject: Plain radiographic studies
subject: Safety
subject: Education and training

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: Nasogastric tube (NGT) feeding is common practice and thousands of tubes are inserted daily without incident. The NPSA issued a Patient Safety Alert with through guidelines for NG tube insertion and the target was to achieve 100% compliance to...
Granulocyte chemotaxis and disease expression are differentially regulated by GRK subtype in an acute inflammatory arthritis model (K/BxN)
Creators: name: Tarrant, Teresa K.
name: Rampersad, Rishi R.
name: Liu, Peng
name: Patel, Dhavalkumar D.
name: Rothlein, Lisa R.
name: Lefkowitz, Robert J.
name: Lee, David M.
name: Esserman, Denise
name: Premont, Richard T.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Chemokine receptors are G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) phosphorylated by G-protein receptor kinases (GRKs) after ligand-mediated activation. We hypothesized that GRK subtypes differentially regulate granulocyte chemotaxis and clinical disease expression in the K/BxN model.
Using Behavior Objects to Manage Complexity in Virtual Worlds
Creators: name: Černý, Martin
name: Plch, Tomáš
name: Marko, Matěj
name: Gemrot, Jakub
name: Ondráček, Petr
name: Brom, Cyril
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The quality of high-level AI of non-player characters (NPCs) in commercial open-world games (OWGs) has been increasing during the past years. However, due to constraints specific to the game industry, this increase has been slow and it has been driven by larger budgets rather than adoption of new complex AI techniques. Most of the contemporary AI is still expressed as hard-coded scripts. The complexity and manageability of the script codebase is one of the key limiting factors for further AI improvements. In this paper we address this issue. We present behavior objects - a general approach to development of NPC behaviors for large OWGs. Behavior objects are inspired by object-oriented programming and extend the concept of smart objects. Our approach promotes encapsulation of data and code for multiple related behaviors in one place, hiding internal details and embedding intelligence in the environment. Behavior objects are a natural abstraction of five different techniques that we have implemented to manage AI complexity in an upcoming AAA OWG. We report the details of the implementations in the context of behavior trees and the lessons learned during development. Our work should serve as inspiration for AI architecture designers from both the academia and the industry.
description: Currently under review in IEEE Transactions on Computational Intelligence and AI in Games
Prozorov_Electron holography of biological specimen in liquid Supplementary Info_Final_17_September_2017 from Off-axis electron holography of bacterial cells and magnetic nanoparticles in liquid.
Creators: name: Prozorov, Tanya
name: Almeida, Trevor P.
name: Kovács, András
name: Dunin-Borkowski, Rafal E.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 100799 Nanotechnology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Nanotechnology

description: Supplementary material
Cohering and de-cohering power of quantum channels
Creators: name: Mani, Azam
name: Karimipour, Vahid
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce the concepts of cohering and de-cohering power of quantum channels. Using the axiomatic definition of coherence measure, we show that the optimizations required for calculations of these measures can be restricted to pure input states and hence greatly simplified. We then use two examples of this measure, one based on the skew information and the other based on $l-1$ norm, we find the cohering and de-cohering measures of a number of one, two and n-qubit channels. Contrary to a view at first sight, it is seen that quantum channels can have cohering power. It is also shown that a specific property of a qubit unitary map, is that it has equal cohering and de-cohering power in any basis. Finally we derive simple relations between cohering and de-cohering powers of unitary qubit gates and their tensor products, results which have physically interesting implications.
description: Minor typos corrected
title: Cardiac MRI contribution in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Creators: name: Dhieb, Imen
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cardiac
subject: Cardiovascular system
subject: Management
subject: MR
subject: Education
subject: Genetic defects

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: Describe cardiac MRI techniques applied to hypertrophic myocardiopathy. Identify the features and classify the phenotypes of hypertrophic myocardiopathy. Explain the interaction between phenotypic expression, functional and hemodynamic consequences...
Live Attenuated Influenza Virus (LAIV) induces different mucosal T cell function in nonsmokers and smokers
Creators: name: Herbst, Margaret
name: Brighton, Luisa E.
name: Jaspers, Ilona
name: Horvath, Katherine M.
name: Noah, Terry L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Smokers are more susceptible to respiratory infections, including influenza. To explore the effect of smoking on influenza-induced responses within the nasal mucosa, we have developed a protocol using inoculation with live attenuated influenza virus (LAIV) vaccine followed by sampling of the nasal mucosa. Mucosal cell populations were harvested through superficial biopsy of the nasal inferior turbinate pre and post LAIV inoculation and analyzed using flow cytometry. The majority of nasal biopsy CD45+ immune cells at baseline were CD3+ T lymphocytes. Following LAIV, these lymphocytes increased in nonsmokers but not in smokers. A subset of individuals was negative for helper T cell marker CD4 and cytotoxic T cell marker CD8 but positive for the γδ T cell receptor (TCR). Increases in γδ TCR+ cells were greater in nonsmokers, than in smokers. Thus, LAIV-induced changes in CD3 T as well as γδ T lymphocyte percentages are suppressed in smokers compared to nonsmokers.
Analysis of Rolling Contact Fatigue Damage and Fatigue Life Comparison of Rail Due to Cyclic Axle Load
Creators: name: Gebremichael, Ayana
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014

description: This paper presents the analysis of rolling contact fatigue damage due to cyclic axle load between wheel/rail and fatigue life comparison between experimental and ANSYS results. The purpose is to see the fatigue life of the rail and to protect it from failure. .For this analysis a three-dimensional finite element model of the wheel/rail interaction is used to investigate the effect of the applied contact loading force at the straight area of the wheel tread and railhead surface. For the experimental part, fatigue test is conducted by taking specimens from the rail material and the specimens are modeled by CATIA V5 and analysis the effect with ANSYS 12.0 by applying different loads for the comparison of the fatigue life. Throughout the whole analysis, the Hertz contact theory assumptions are basically considered. Form the wheel/rail fatigue life analysis the result found is see the maximum life found by the applied load. The specimen numerical and experimental result shows that the experimental analysis is more preferable and precise. The application of this study is to identify and protect the rail from failure and to insure safety of the passengers and minimize maintenance cost.
title: Contribution of nuclear medicine imaging in the management of vascular disease: update of new available diagnostic tools
Creators: name: Lizarraga Oroz, Nahia
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Arteries / Aorta
subject: Nuclear medicine
subject: Vascular
subject: Nuclear medicine conventional
subject: PET-CT
subject: SPECT-CT
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Infection
subject: Inflammation
subject: Prostheses

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: To become familiar with the applications of 18F-FDG PET/CT and labeled white blood cells scintigraphy (WBCS) SPECT/CT in the management of different vascular...
title: All about retinal detachment: contribution of ultrasound
Creators: name: boulhane, sarah
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Eyes
subject: Head and neck
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Education
subject: Education and training
subject: Pathology

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: The eyeball's fluid content and its superficial position make it ideally suited for examination with ultrasonography (USG). USG is the only practical method for obtaining images of the posterior segment of the eye particularry the retina when the...
Development and Applications of Porous Tantalum Trabecular Metal-Enhanced Titanium Dental Implants: Porous Tantalum Trabecular Metal Dental Implants
Creators: name: Bencharit, Sompop
name: Offenbacher, Steven
name: Byrd, Warren C.
name: Hosseini, Bashir
name: Leong, Austin
name: Altarawneh, Sandra
name: Morelli, Thiago
name: Reside, Glenn
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Porous tantalum trabecular metal has recently been incorporated in titanium dental implants as a new form of implant surface enhancement. However, there is little information on the applications of this material in implant dentistry.
Landau Quantization and Fermi Velocity Renormalization in Twisted Graphene Bilayers
Creators: name: Yin, Long-Jing
name: Qiao, Jia-Bin
name: Zuo, Wei-Jie
name: Yan, Wei
name: Xu, Rui
name: Dou, Rui-Fen
name: Nie, Jia-Cai
name: He, Lin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Currently there is a lively discussion concerning Fermi velocity renormalization in twisted bilayers and several contradicted experimental results are reported. Here we study electronic structures of the twisted bilayers by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and spectroscopy (STS). The interlayer coupling strengths between the adjacent bilayers are measured according to energy separations of two pronounced low-energy van Hove singularities (VHSs) in the STS spectra. We demonstrate that there is a large range of values for the interlayer interaction in different twisted bilayers. Below the VHSs, the observed Landau quantization in the twisted bilayers is identical to that of massless Dirac fermions in graphene monolayer, which allows us to measure the Fermi velocity directly. Our result indicates that the Fermi velocity of the twisted bilayers depends remarkably on both the twisted angles and the interlayer coupling strengths. This removes the discrepancy about the Fermi velocity renormalization in the twisted bilayers and provides a consistent interpretation of all current data.
description: 4 Figures in main text
Genotype Prevalence and Risk Factors for Severe Clinical Adenovirus Infection, United States 2004-2006
Creators: name: Erdman, Dean D.
name: Russell, Kevin L.
name: Leland, Diane S.
name: Lebeck, Mark G.
name: Kehl, Sue C.
name: Zerr, Danielle M.
name: Chappell, James D.
name: Storch, Gregory A.
name: Capuano, Ana W.
name: Setterquist, Sharon F.
name: Chorazy, Margaret L.
name: Halstead, Diane C.
name: Saubolle, Michael A.
name: Kiska, Deanna L.
name: Selvarangan, Rangaraj
name: Ginocchio, Christine C.
name: Landry, Marie L.
name: Gray, Gregory C.
name: McCarthy, Troy
name: Miller, Melissa B.
name: Robinson, Christine C.
name: Dawson, Jeffrey D.
name: Schnurr, David P.
name: Kajon, Adriana E.
name: Demmler, Gail J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: Recently, epidemiological and clinical data have revealed important changes with regard to clinical adenovirus infection, including alterations in antigenic presentation, geographical distribution, and virulence of the virus.
(400977) Florence Annie Paul
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Detection of Nonnucleoside Reverse‐Transcriptase Inhibitor–Resistant HIV‐1 after Discontinuation of Virologically Suppressive Antiretroviral Therapy
Creators: name: Coffin, John
name: Margolis, David M.
name: Palmer, Sarah
name: Krambrink, Amy
name: Havlir, Diane V.
name: Skiest, Daniel
name: Su, Zhaohui
name: Barnas, Douglas
name: Aweeka, Francesca
name: Frenkel, Lisa
name: Boltz, Valerie
name: Coombs, Robert W.
name: Morse, Gene D.
name: Patel, Sheran S.
name: Haas, David W.
name: Hare, C. Bradley
name: Mellors, John
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Using standard and ultrasensitive techniques, we detected nonnucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitor–associated resistance mutations in 11 (20%) of 54 subjects who discontinued virologically suppressive nonnucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitor–containing antiretroviral therapy. Resistance was detected in 45% and 14% of subjects with a baseline human immunodeficiency virus type 1 RNA level of 51–400 copies/mL and ≤50 copies/mL, respectively. Mutations remained detectable for at least 48 weeks in some subjects.
HIV Subtype D Is Associated with Dementia, Compared with Subtype A, in Immunosuppressed Individuals at Risk of Cognitive Impairment in Kampala, Uganda
Creators: name: Ronald, Allan
name: Quinn, Thomas C.
name: Clifford, David B.
name: Robertson, Kevin
name: Katabira, Elly
name: Rezapour, Mona
name: Musisi, Seggane
name: Laeyendecker, Oliver
name: Nakasujja, Noeline
name: Sacktor, Ned
name: Skolasky, Richard L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: In the United States, clade B is the predominant human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) subtype, whereas in sub-Saharan Africa, clades A, C, and D are the predominant subtypes. HIV subtype may have an impact on HIV disease progression. The effect of HIV subtype on the risk of dementia has, to our knowledge, not been examined. The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between HIV subtype and the severity of HIV-associated cognitive impairment among individuals initiating antiretroviral therapy in Uganda.
Molecular and Clinical Assessment in the Treatment of AIDS Kaposi Sarcoma with Valproic Acid
Creators: name: Ambinder, Richard F.
name: Krown, Susan E.
name: Said, Jonathan
name: Ratner, Lee
name: Aboulafia, David
name: Lechowicz, Maryjo
name: Wachsman, William
name: Lee, Jeannette Y.
name: Dittmer, Dirk P.
name: Dezube, Bruce J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: The AIDS Malignancy Consortium (AMC) undertook a pilot trial of valproic acid (VA) in patients with AIDS-associated Kaposi’s sarcoma (KS). Treatment was associated with low toxicity, but the KS clinical response and KS herpesvirus lytic induction rates were not sufficiently high to meet pre-defined criteria for efficacy.
On Hilbert $2$-class fields and $2$-towers of imaginary quadratic number fields
Creators: name: Wang, Victor Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11R37, 11R29, 11R32, 11R11, 11R27

description: Inspired by the Odlyzko root discriminant and Golod--Shafarevich $p$-group bounds, Martinet (1978) asked whether an imaginary quadratic number field $K/\mathbb{Q}$ must always have an infinite Hilbert $2$-class field tower when the class group of $K$ has $2$-rank $4$, or equivalently when the discriminant of $K$ has $5$ prime factors. No negative results are known. Benjamin (2001, 2002) and Sueyoshi (2004, 2009, 2010) systematically established infinite $2$-towers for many $K$ in question, by casework on the associated Rédei matrices. Others, notably Mouhib (2010), have also made progress, but still many cases remain open, especially when the the class group of $K$ has small $4$-rank. Recently, Benjamin (2015) made partial progress on several of these open matrices when the class group of $K$ has $4$-rank $1$ or $2$. In this paper, we partially address many open cases when the $4$-rank is $0$ or $2$, affirmatively answering some questions of Benjamin. We then investigate barriers to our methods and ask an extension question (of independent interest) in this direction. Finally, we suggest places where speculative refinements of Golod--Shafarevich or group classification methods might overcome the `near miss' inadequacies in current methods.
description: v3: incorporated final referee suggestions and corrections; still 24 pages. Shorter version with 19 pages still available at https://www.overleaf.com/read/rcfjpsqrxvgt, with fewer details and SAGE code examples
Prozorov_Electron holography of biological specimen in liquid Supplementary Info_Final_17_September_2017 from Off-axis electron holography of bacterial cells and magnetic nanoparticles in liquid
Creators: name: Prozorov, Tanya
name: Almeida, Trevor P.
name: Kovács, András
name: Dunin-Borkowski, Rafal E.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 100799 Nanotechnology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Nanotechnology

description: Supplementary material
title: A Scoping Review of Larger Body Habitus in the Medical Radiation Sciences Literature
Creators: name: Brydon, Megan
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Professional issues
subject: Conventional radiography
subject: Digital radiography
subject: Image manipulation / Reconstruction
subject: Socio-economic issues
subject: Patterns of Care

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: Purpose The purpose of this scoping review is to explore how attitudes and practice considerations of large body habitus relating to medical imaging and radiation therapy are reflected in the medical radiation sciences...
(400978) Lilian Helena Paul
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Treatment Responses in Antiretroviral Treatment (ART) Naïve Pre- and Post-menopausal HIV-infected Women: An Analysis from ACTG Studies
Creators: name: Eron, Joseph J.
name: Uyanik, Jennifer
name: Hughes, Michael
name: Patterson, Kristine B.
name: Smurzynski, Marlene
name: Cohn, Susan E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Menopause may affect antiretroviral treatment (ART) response. Immunologic and virologic responses to ART were compared in 220 pre- and 47 post-menopausal women enrolled in two ART-naive studies. Changes in CD4 counts or HIV-1 RNA were similar at 24, 48, or 96 weeks. Treatment-naïve women should respond to ART regardless of menopausal status.
A violation of universality in anomalous Fourier's law
Creators: name: Hurtado, Pablo I.
name: Garrido, Pedro L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Since the discovery of long-time tails, it has been clear that Fourier's law in low dimensions is typically anomalous, with a size-dependent heat conductivity, though the nature of the anomaly remains puzzling. The conventional wisdom, supported by renormalization-group arguments and mode-coupling approximations within fluctuating hydrodynamics, is that the anomaly is universal in 1d momentum-conserving systems and belongs in the Levy/Kardar-Parisi-Zhang universality class. Here we challenge this picture by using a novel scaling method to show unambiguously that universality breaks down in the paradigmatic 1d diatomic hard-point fluid. Hydrodynamic profiles for a broad set of gradients, densities and sizes all collapse onto an universal master curve, showing that (anomalous) Fourier's law holds even deep into the nonlinear regime. This allows to solve the macroscopic transport problem for this model, a solution which compares flawlessly with data and, interestingly, implies the existence of a bound on the heat current in terms of pressure. These results question the renormalization-group and mode-coupling universality predictions for anomalous Fourier's law in 1d, offering a new perspective on transport in low dimensions.
description: 10 pages + 6 figs + Supplementary Material (7 pages + 6 figs)
Materials/Methods/Figures/Tables from Punctuated invasion of water, ice, snow and terrestrial ecozones by segmented worms (Oligochaeta: Enchytraeidae: Mesenchytraeus).
Creators: name: Lang, Shirley A.
name: Saglam, Naim
name: Kawash, Joseph
name: Shain, Daniel H.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Science
subject: 60408 Genomics

description: Segmented worms (Annelida) are among the most successful animal inhabitants of extreme environments worldwide. An unusual group of enchytraeid oligochaetes of genus Mesenchytraeus are abundant in the Pacific northwestern region of North America and occupy geographically proximal ecozones ranging from low elevation rainforests and waterways to high altitude glaciers. Along this altitudinal transect, Mesenchytraeus representatives from disparate habitat types were collected and subjected to deep mitochondrial and nuclear phylogenetic analyses. Our data identify significant topological discordance among gene trees, and near equivalent interspecific divergence levels indicative of a rapid radiation event. Collectively, our results identify a Mesenchytraeus ‘explosion’ coincident with mountain building in the Pacific Northwestern region that gave rise to closely related aquatic, ice, snow and terrestrial worms.
Il re è nudo
Creators: name: Masiero, Roberto
Publisher: name: La Rivista di Engramma
Year: 2023
Subjects: Andersen s The Emperor s New Clothes
Ron Mueck
Pinocchio
The essence of truth

description: Starting from Andersen’s The Emperor’s New Clothes, the author reflects on the essence of truth and deceit. The exclamation in the tale “but he hasn’t got anything on” should be reminded by us every day.
RADIATED SEMIOTICS OF BREAST PATHOLOGIES IN WOMEN DEPENDING ON THE THYROID STATUS
Creators: name: Mubinjonov, Aziz
name: Safarov, Diyor
name: Raxmanov, Ma'mur
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Analyzed the results of an X-ray diffraction study of 200 women with pathologies of the mammary glands with an assessment of thyroid status. In the examined women, thyroid hypofunction was noted in a slightly prevailing percentage of observations, confirmed by radiometry and laboratory data. With hypothyroidism, an increase in the number of observations of fibroadenomas and diffuse fibrotic mastopathies, characterized by pronounced processes of fibrosis and a violation of the regression of the glandular tissue, is determined. The opposite situation is observed in the incidence of breast cysts and variants of the normal structure of tissues, the number of such observations in patients with hypothyroidism was significantly less than in patients without hypothyroidism. In women with hypothyroidism and without hypothyroidism, almost the same number of cases of breast cancer was diagnosed.
Trends in Multidrug Treatment Failure and Subsequent Mortality among Antiretroviral Therapy–Experienced Patients with HIV Infection in North America
Creators: name: Moore, Richard D.
name: Saag, Michael S.
name: Brooks, John T.
name: Kirk, Gregory D.
name: Martin, Jeffrey N.
name: Kitahata, Mari M.
name: Sterling., Timothy R.
name: Napravnik, Sonia
name: Horberg, Michael A.
name: Silverberg, Michael J.
name: Bosch, Ronald J.
name: Rourke, Sean B.
name: Justice, Amy C.
name: Deeks, Steven G.
name: Rachlis, Anita R.
name: Calzavara, Liviana M.
name: Hogg, Robert S.
name: Kushel, Margot B.
name: Collier, Ann C.
name: McKaig, Rosemary G.
name: Gebo, Kelly A.
name: Rodriguez, Benigno
name: Gill, M. John
name: Jacobson, Lisa P.
name: Gange, Stephen J.
name: Eron, Joseph J.
name: Klein, Marina B.
name: Benson, Constance A.
name: Goedert, James J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Although combination antiretroviral therapy continues to evolve, with potentially more effective options emerging each year, the ability of therapy to prevent multiple regimen failure and mortality in clinical practice remains poorly defined.
(400979) Agnes Livingstone Paul
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Materials/Methods/Figures/Tables from Punctuated invasion of water, ice, snow and terrestrial ecozones by segmented worms (Oligochaeta: Enchytraeidae: Mesenchytraeus)
Creators: name: Lang, Shirley A.
name: Saglam, Naim
name: Kawash, Joseph
name: Shain, Daniel H.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Science
subject: 60408 Genomics

description: Segmented worms (Annelida) are among the most successful animal inhabitants of extreme environments worldwide. An unusual group of enchytraeid oligochaetes of genus Mesenchytraeus are abundant in the Pacific northwestern region of North America and occupy geographically proximal ecozones ranging from low elevation rainforests and waterways to high altitude glaciers. Along this altitudinal transect, Mesenchytraeus representatives from disparate habitat types were collected and subjected to deep mitochondrial and nuclear phylogenetic analyses. Our data identify significant topological discordance among gene trees, and near equivalent interspecific divergence levels indicative of a rapid radiation event. Collectively, our results identify a Mesenchytraeus ‘explosion’ coincident with mountain building in the Pacific Northwestern region that gave rise to closely related aquatic, ice, snow and terrestrial worms.
The Extended Bloch Representation of Quantum Mechanics. Explaining Superposition, Interference and Entanglement
Creators: name: Aerts, Diederik
name: de Bianchi, Massimiliano Sassoli
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The extended Bloch representation of quantum mechanics was recently derived to offer a (hidden-measurement) solution to the measurement problem. In this article we use it to investigate the geometry of superposition and entangled states, explaining the interference effects, and the entanglement correlations, in terms of the different orientations that a state-vector can take within the generalized Bloch sphere. We also introduce a tensorial determination of the generators of SU(N), particularly suitable to describe multipartite systems, from the viewpoint of the sub-entities. We then use it to show that non-product states admit a general description in which the sub-entities can always remain in well-defined states, even when they are entangled. Therefore, the completed version of quantum mechanics provided by the extended Bloch representation, in which the density operators are also representative of pure states, allows to solve not only the well-known measurement problem, but also the lesser-known entanglement problem. This because we no longer need to give up the general physical principle saying that a composite entity exists, and therefore is in a pure state, if and only if its components also exist, and therefore are in well-defined pure states.
description: 40 pages, 9 figures
From Attachments to SEO: Click Here to Learn More about Clickbait PDFs!
Creators: name: Stivala, Giada Martina
name: Abdelnabi, Sahar
name: Mengascini, Andrea
name: Graziano, Mariano
name: Fritz, Mario
name: Pellegrino, Giancarlo
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2024

description: Clickbait PDFs are PDF documents that do not embed malware but trick victims into visiting malicious web pages leading to attacks like password theft or drive-by download. While recent reports indicate a surge of clickbait PDFs, prior works have largely neglected this new threat, considering PDFs only as accessories of email phishing campaigns.

This paper investigates the landscape of clickbait PDFs and presents the first systematic and comprehensive study of this phenomenon. Starting from a real-world dataset, we identify 44 clickbait PDF clusters via clustering and characterize them by looking at their volumetric, temporal, and visual features. Among these, we identify three large clusters covering 89% of the dataset, exhibiting significantly different volumetric and temporal properties compared to classical email phishing, and relying on web UI elements as visual baits.
Finally, we look at the distribution vectors and show that clickbait PDFs are not only distributed via attachments but also via Search Engine Optimization attacks, placing clickbait PDFs outside the email distribution ecosystem.

Clickbait PDFs seem to be a lurking threat, not subjected to any form of content-based filtering or detection: AV scoring systems, like VirusTotal, rank them considerably low, creating a blind spot for organizations. While URL blocklists can help to prevent victims from visiting the attack web pages, we observe that they have a limited coverage.
From Attachments to SEO: Click Here to Learn More about Clickbait PDFs!
Creators: name: Stivala, Giada
name: Abdelnabi, Sahar
name: Mengascini, Andrea
name: Graziano, Mariano
name: Fritz, Mario
name: Pellegrino, Giancarlo
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2024

description: Clickbait PDFs are PDF documents that do not embed malware but trick victims into visiting malicious web pages leading to attacks like password theft or drive-by download. While recent reports indicate a surge of clickbait PDFs, prior works have largely neglected this new threat, considering PDFs only as accessories of email phishing campaigns.

This paper investigates the landscape of clickbait PDFs and presents the first systematic and comprehensive study of this phenomenon. Starting from a real-world dataset, we identify 44 clickbait PDF clusters via clustering and characterize them by looking at their volumetric, temporal, and visual features. Among these, we identify three large clusters covering 89% of the dataset, exhibiting significantly different volumetric and temporal properties compared to classical email phishing, and relying on web UI elements as visual baits.
Finally, we look at the distribution vectors and show that clickbait PDFs are not only distributed via attachments but also via Search Engine Optimization attacks, placing clickbait PDFs outside the email distribution ecosystem.

Clickbait PDFs seem to be a lurking threat, not subjected to any form of content-based filtering or detection: AV scoring systems, like VirusTotal, rank them considerably low, creating a blind spot for organizations. While URL blocklists can help to prevent victims from visiting the attack web pages, we observe that they have a limited coverage.
title: Bowel Obstruction in the Adult: A pictorial review of radiological diagnosis and etiology
Creators: name: Vinha, Diana
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: CT
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Complications
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Education
subject: Acute
subject: Cancer
subject: Foreign bodies

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: To demonstrate the leading causes of intestinal obstruction To recognize imaging features of the different causes of intestinal obstruction Highlight CT findings in complicated intestinal...
Tuberculosis Treatment and Risk of Stavudine Substitution in First‐Line Antiretroviral Therapy
Creators: name: Majuba, Pappie
name: Van Rie, Annelies
name: Funk, Michele Jonsson
name: Sanne, Ian
name: Malope-Kgokong, Babatyi
name: Kaufman, Jay S.
name: MacPhail, Patrick
name: Conradie, Francesca
name: Westreich, Daniel J.
name: Maskew, Mhairi
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Treatment for tuberculosis (TB) is common among individuals receiving stavudine-containing highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), but the effect of TB treatment on stavudine toxicity has received little attention. We estimated the effect of TB treatment on risk of stavudine substitution among individuals receiving first-line HAART.
title: Auditing the prevalence of follow-up recommendations from primary care ultrasound examinations in Ireland
Creators: name: Dowley, Anna
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Radioprotection / Radiation dose
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Education
subject: Education and training

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: Radiology reports often contain follow-up recommendations for further imaging modalities and/or further specialised assessment. The literature reports varied rates of follow-up recommendations from diagnostic imaging studies, ranging from 8-37%,...
(400974) James Hugh Paul
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
When Dark Matter interacts with Cosmic Rays or Interstellar Matter: A Morphological Study
Creators: name: Carlson, Eric
name: Profumo, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Excess emission over expected diffuse astrophysical backgrounds in the direction of the Galactic center region has been claimed at various wavelengths, from radio to gamma rays. Among particle models advocated to explain such observations, several invoke interactions between dark matter particles and ordinary matter, such as cosmic rays, interstellar gas or free electrons. Depending on the specific interstellar matter particles' species and energy, such models predict distinct morphological features. In this study we make detailed predictions for the morphology of models where the relevant electromagnetic emission is proportional to the product of the dark matter density profile and the density of interstellar matter or cosmic rays. We compare the predicted latitudinal and longitudinal distributions with observations, and provide the associated set of relevant spatial templates.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures, submitted; Supplementary code and emission skymaps available at http://planck.ucsc.edu/dmcr-morphology
(400976) Ernest George Paul
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
title: Carotid Doppler Ultrasonography: Normal Aspect Step by Step
Creators: name: dahmani, bouchra
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cardiovascular system
subject: Vascular
subject: Veins / Vena cava
subject: Ultrasound-Colour Doppler
subject: Ultrasound-Power Doppler
subject: Ultrasound-Spectral Doppler
subject: Angioplasty
subject: Stents
subject: Surgery
subject: Arteriosclerosis
subject: Embolism / Thrombosis
subject: Ischaemia / Infarction

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: To know the parameters of Doppler ultrasonography to optimize studiesTo analyze and describe the normal morphological and hemodynamic characteristics of carotid arteries in order to interpret the usual flow parameters and...