cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Major ampullate silk gland transcriptomes and fibre proteomes of the golden orb-weavers, Nephila plumipes and Nephila pilipes (Araneae: Nephilidae)
Creators: name: Whaite, Alessandra D.
name: Wang, Tianfang
name: Macdonald, Joanne
name: Cummins, Scott F.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Spider webs
Nucleotide sequence
Proteins
Biomimetic materials
Biomedical materials

description: Natural spider silk is one of the world’s toughest proteinaceous materials, yet a truly biomimetic spider silk is elusive even after several decades of intense focus. In this study, Next-Generation Sequencing was utilised to produce transcriptomes of the major ampullate gland of two Australian golden orb-weavers, Nephila plumipes and Nephila pilipes, in order to identify highly expressed predicted proteins that may co-factor in the construction of the final polymer. Furthermore, proteomics was performed by liquid chromatography tandem-mass spectroscopy to analyse the natural solid silk fibre of each species to confirm highly expressed predicted proteins within the silk gland are present in the final silk product. We assembled the silk gland transcriptomes of N. plumipes and N. pilipes into 69,812 and 70,123 contigs, respectively. Gene expression analysis revealed that silk gene sequences were among the most highly expressed and we were able to procure silk sequences from both species in excess of 1,300 amino acids. However, some of the genes with the highest expression values were not able to be identified from our proteomic analysis. Proteome analysis of “reeled” silk fibres of N. plumipes and N. pilipes revealed 29 and 18 proteins, respectively, most of which were identified as silk fibre proteins. This study is the first silk gland specific transcriptome and proteome analysis for these species and will assist in the future development of a biomimetic spider silk.
title: What are Imaginative Capabilities and How Do They Develop? A Grounded Theoretical Approach to Understanding Imaginative Leadership.
Creators: name: Syme, Paul David John
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Leadership development
subject: imaginative capabilities
subject: innovative behaviour
subject: grounded theory
subject: Education
subject: Education--Administration
subject: Business Administration--Management
subject: Education--Adult and Continuing

description: This thesis presents findings from a grounded theoretical investigation of imaginative educational leaders and the knowledge embedded in their lived-experience and practice to inform new theory on imaginative capabilities and their development in leadership. Through a grounded theory approach, interviews with 15 leaders of social change and innovation were analyzed for emergent themes using open, axial, and selective coding. 686 initial codes were theoretically coded through constant comparison until data saturation was achieved. Selective coding was then used to conceptualize themes into core categories and their related capabilities. Two core categories emerged that each represent an holistic behavioural pattern comprised of three interrelated and inseparable behaviours: 1) Sense–Think–Act and 2) Ponder–Enact–Play. From these behavioural patterns, six imaginative capabilities were identified as core to imaginative leadership. While the sample size and method are limited in terms of generalizability, rich findings offer potential transferability to a variety of leadership contexts where imaginative capabilities are desired or required. Practical implications and recommendations for educational systems, leadership education, and future research are discussed. This is a novel investigation of imagination that provides insights on behaviour and capabilities not yet captured by contemporary educational leadership theories. Findings are original and distinct and identify a critical connection between cognitive and embodied experience, as well as unstructured time and space, as central to the formation of imaginative practice. Moreover, to my knowledge, this is the first study of its kind to investigate imagination outside the head, particularly in relation to a leader’s environment and lived experience.
Hypotrachyna horrescens Krog & Swinscow
Creators: name: R, Jeanne dos
name: Silva, eis
name: Aptroot, André
name: E, Marcela
name: S, ugenia da
name: Cáceres, ilva
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Fungi
Ascomycota
Lecanoromycetes
Lecanorales
Parmeliaceae
Hypotrachyna
Hypotrachyna horrescens

description: Hypotrachyna horrescens (Taylor) Krog & Swinscow
PREVIOUS REPORT. — Marcelli (1993).
 NEW REPORT. — Chapada do Céu, Parque Nacional das Emas, on bark, leg. A. Aptroot s.n.
description: Published as part of R, Jeanne dos, Silva, eis, Aptroot, André, E, Marcela, S, ugenia da & Cáceres, ilva, 2023, Lichens from dry central Brazil: a checklist of lichenized fungi from Distríto Federal and Goiás, pp. 117-133 in Cryptogamie, Mycologie 20 (9) on page 128, DOI: 10.5252/cryptogamie-mycologie2023v44a9, http://zenodo.org/record/8434271
title: Illustrations of “Rapunzel” as Commentaries on Women’s Isolation
Creators: name: Schaad, Tamara
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Grimm Fairy Tales
subject: Fairy Tales
subject: Rapunzel
subject: Myth and Folklore
subject: Fairy Tale Illustration
subject: Illustrations
subject: Mieke Bal
subject: Narratology
subject: Focalization
subject: Narrative Perspective
subject: Point of View
subject: German Cultural History
subject: European History
subject: Adrienne Rich
subject: Gender
subject: Women
subject: Motherhood
subject: Literature--Germanic
subject: Folklore
subject: History--European
subject: Art History
subject: Gender Studies
subject: Women's Studies
subject: Animal Culture and Nutrition

description: The Covid-19 pandemic has brought social isolation to the forefront of public debate. Yet, social isolation is not a recent phenomenon and understanding its history can enrich the current debate. Contributing to our knowledge of the different ways social isolation has been evaluated in the past, my thesis analyzes the historical illustrations of what is, arguably, the most widely distributed German literary text on women’s social isolation, the Grimm fairy tale “Rapunzel.” My corpus includes roughly 250 illustrations from 68 German-language editions of the Grimm’s Kinder- und Hausmärchen or German-language editions based on this larger work, ranging from 1857 to 2021. While scholars have commented on the importance of isolation as a motif in “Rapunzel,” they have paid little attention to the history of illustrations of this fairy tale or to how this history reveals changing notions of women’s isolation. This gap is all the more striking as the importance of book illustrations, in general, is now widely recognized through major studies by Bill Katz, John Harthan, and others. In my thesis, I seek to establish, first, to what extent social isolation was made thematic in the illustrations, and second, how the portrayal of social isolation changed over time. I argue that recent illustrations portray Rapunzel’s isolation more prominently and recognize it as more problematic than older illustrations and that the depiction of Rapunzel’s isolation has thus changed significantly over time. These findings can shed light on the different understanding of women’s isolation and provide an important paradigm in our understanding of the social construction of women’s rights and of gender. Although the cultural history of women’s social isolation over the past 164 years cannot be studied completely through the reception history of any one text alone, the widely distributed tale of “Rapunzel” does provide one important case study of how the understanding of women’s isolation has developed.
title: Berufspraktische Lehrpersonenbildung als Tätigkeit in sozialen Netzwerken: Theoretischer Rahmen und methodische Konzeption für eine interdisziplinäre Analyse aus allgemein- und mathematikdidaktischer Perspektive
Creators: name: Kreis, Annelies
name: Brunner, Esther
Publisher: name: Publikationsserver der Pädagogischen Hochschule Thurgau
Year: 2022
Subjects: Gesprächsanalyse
Lehrpersonenbildung
Mathematikdidaktik
Praktikum
Soziales Netzwerk
Unterrichtsbesprechung

description: Die Bedeutsamkeit fachdidaktischer Ausbildungselemente in der Lehrpersonenbildung gilt auch für Lernprozesse während Praktika. Für die Analyse entsprechender Prozesse legt dies eine Perspektive über allgemeindidaktische Kompetenzen hinaus auf fachdidaktische Facetten nahe. Im Beitrag werden der theoretische Hintergrund und der Untersuchungsplan der interdisziplinären SNF-Studie „Lerngelegenheiten für Lehrstudierende im sozialen Netzwerk Praxisfeld aus allgemein- und mathematikdidaktischer Perspektive“ beschrieben. Lernprozesse werden als Tätigkeit in sozialen Netzwerken analysiert, Lerngegenstände und -erträge als Kompetenzen. Der Fokus liegt auf Lernangeboten, die sich Primarstudierenden im sozialen Netzwerk eines Praktikums sowie mit einem vertiefenden Blick in Gesprächen in vier Akteurskonstellationen bieten, die bezüglich Rolle und mathematikdidaktischer Kompetenzen der beteiligten Ausbildenden variieren. Es wird ein Framework zur interdisziplinären Analyse von Lernprozessen in Praktika mit mathematikdidaktischem Fokus aufgezeigt.
description: Schul- und Berufspraktische Studien und die Fachdidaktiken: Verhältnisbestimmungen – Methoden – Empirie, p. 179
title: A Tale of Two Responses: Assessing North American Responses to Far Right Extremism in a Post-9/11 World
Creators: name: Rodriguez Guervos, Leyde
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: terrorism
subject: far right extremism
subject: counterterrorism
subject: North America
subject: United States
subject: Canada
subject: Political Science
subject: FOS: Political science

description: Over the last decade, there has been a significant increase in far right extremism across Western countries. This trend calls into question if and how governments are addressing this growing threat. Particular attention should be given to the responses of the American and Canadian governments, as North America currently hosts one of the largest far right extremist environments known to researchers globally. This thesis aims to contribute to this body of literature by examining how the United States and Canada have, respectively, responded to the increase in far right extremism. Two longitudinal studies are conducted examining each government’s responses to far right extremism from 2001 to 2022, starting at 9/11 and ending with the January 6th attack on the U.S. Capitol and the Freedom Convoy protests in Ottawa, respectively. Through this methodology, this thesis contends that both the United States and Canada have failed to adequately anticipate and respond to far right extremism due to the limitations imposed by their post-9/11 counterterrorism frameworks. Specifically, in the American case, both the 9/11 attacks and the events of January 6 were the results of failures of cooperation and imagination within the American counterterrorism apparatus. Domestic agencies have struggled to shift focus from Muslim extremist terrorism in the aftermath of 9/11 to the current most prominent terrorist threat: far right extremism. In contrast, in the Canadian case, post-9/11 counterterrorism strategies have not concentrated on independently addressing terrorism but have been predominantly reactive to American policies and events, resulting in significant American influence. While the Canadian system has managed to pivot toward addressing the threat of far right extremism by drawing from American events, its own institutional constraints have hindered its ability to effectively manage this threat, as exemplified by events such as the Freedom Convoy. The findings of this thesis provide insight into the patterns of counterterrorism responses over time and space specific to far right extremism.
Coupling dependence of jet quenching in hot strongly-coupled gauge theories
Creators: name: Arnold, Peter
name: Szepietowski, Phillip
name: Vaman, Diana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Previous top-down studies of jet stopping in strongly-coupled QCD-like plasmas with gravity duals have been in the infinite 't Hooft coupling limit lambda -> infinity. They have found that, though a wide range of jet stopping distances are possible depending on initial conditions, the maximum jet stopping distance l_max scales with energy as E^(1/3) at large energy. But it has always been unclear whether the large-coupling and high-energy limits commute. In this paper, we use the string alpha' expansion in AdS-CFT to study the corrections to the lambda=infinity result in powers of 1/lambda. For the particular type of "jets" that we study, we find that (i) the naive expansion in 1/lambda breaks down for certain initial conditions but (ii) the relative corrections to the maximum stopping distance are small when 1/lambda is small. More specifically, we find that the expansion in 1/lambda is well behaved for jets whose stopping distance l_stop is in the range lambda^(-1/6) l_max << l_stop
description: 45 pages, 8 figures [difference from v1: minor wording changes and section IV.D + a few refs added]
title: Innate immune signaling is modulated by the kaposin locus from Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus
Creators: name: Katsademas, Thalia Agnes
Publisher: name: Cumming School of Medicine
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Virology
subject: Biology--Molecular

description: Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is the causative agent of the endothelial cell (EC) cancer Kaposi’s Sarcoma (KS). Pathogenesis is dependent on effective infection, establishment and maintenance of viral latency, and periodic lytic virus reactivation. All phases of this replicative cycle rely on effective modulation of host cell immune signaling. The viral gene kaposin and its’ associated protein, KapB, are expressed in all phases of infection. However, the roles of the kaposin transcript and KapB in immune signaling remains uninvestigated. My research uncovered a novel role for KapB in blocking activation of innate immune signaling. Innate immune signaling can be controlled through a variety of regulatory molecules including proteins and RNA. I found that the kaposin RNA was responsible for blocking innate immune promoter activation. Additionally, I demonstrated that both the RNA and protein products contribute to other known KapB phenotypes of stabilization of an AU-rich element-mRNA reporter and processing body disassembly. Collectively, these data suggest that KapB utilizes both the kaposin RNA and KapB protein products to fine-tune inflammatory signaling, contributing to a permissive microenvironment for viral infection.
Is there cultural variability in implicit self-esteem?
Creators: name: Falk, Carl Francis
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: Cultural psychology research has cast doubt upon the assumption that self-enhancement motivations are universal – the majority of empirical research finding that those from East Asian cultural backgrounds self-enhance less than those from Western cultural backgrounds. However, measures of implicit self-esteem (ISE) – automatic and unconscious global self evaluations – do not often yield cultural differences. By using a diverse range of approaches, this dissertation seeks to shed light on the question of whether variability exists in implicit self-esteem across individuals from East Asian and Western cultural backgrounds. In Study 1, two different ISE measures provided divergent results regarding possible cultural variability in implicit self-esteem. In search for a valid measure of ISE, Study 2 simultaneously tested the convergent and predictive validity and cultural variation of popular and new ISE and explicit self-esteem measures. Since no single ISE measure in Study 2 was found to have adequate validity, Study 3 attempted to boost the validity of ISE measures. This was done based on the argument that ISE is better defined as a context-dependent/domain specific construct rather than a global self-evaluation, yet did not yield evidence in favour of the validity of any ISE measure. Supplementary analyses for Study 2 and the final two studies took an alternative approach to the problem of this dissertation and found cultural variability in phenomena theoretically connected to implicit self-esteem. In particular, cultural variability was evident in the theoretical correlates of implicit self-esteem from Study 2. Study 4 found evidence that cultural variability in the tendency to value an object after one owns the object (i.e., the endowment effect) is likely due in part to cultural variability in feelings about the self. Study 5 provided evidence that cultural variability exists in the tendency to display in-group favouritism after being arbitrarily assigned to a group (i.e., the minimal group effect), and that this cultural variability is explained in part by self-esteem. Taken together, these studies provide converging evidence that 1) implicit self-esteem measures are currently not a viable option for assessment of cultural variability, and 2) cultural variability in implicit self-esteem is likely.
title: Addressing Skills Gap: A Systemic Reframe and Redesign of Capstone using Design-Based Research
Creators: name: Johnston, Sonja Lynne
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Design-Based Research
subject: Business Education
subject: Skills Gap
subject: Participatory Pedagogy
subject: Learner-Centered Design
subject: Work-Integrated Learning
subject: Learning Sciences
subject: Education
subject: Education--Business
subject: Education--Higher
subject: Education--Curriculum and Instruction
subject: Business Administration--Management

description: A growing number of reports identify the skills gap between graduate competencies and employer expectations, especially for business school graduates. The added impact of economics, the pandemic, and the advancement of generative artificial intelligence is resulting in a further shift of workplace-necessary skills and the future of jobs. Post-secondary education is under pressure to prepare graduates for changing futures. If the skills gap is viewed as a systems problem instead of a student problem, how can reframed designs and course-based interventions be used in a systems approach to improve student learning experiences and create stronger workplace readiness? This design-based research study, comprised of three research cycles, explores research for, on, and through intervention, and investigates reframing and redesign in the context of an undergraduate Business Capstone course in a western Canadian polytechnic institute. Situated at the end of a degree pathway, the Capstone is an opportunity to consider the most effective conditions for students and instructors to best prepare for workplace futures beyond the post-secondary credential. Through the analysis of previous course iterations and stakeholder perspectives, the reframing, design, and implementation of an intervention as course design is engaged with two instructor-participants. Theoretical and practice implications are offered for approaching skills gap differently that focuses on coaching pedagogy and student development. Through this study, an alternative conceptual model to the Triple Helix is offered, using the 4M Framework (based on Bronfenbrenner’s ecological systems theory) to orient interconnections and interrelations between stakeholders involved in Capstone, with student-centered reframing. A model is offered that proposes nine course-level considerations for design to support learner agency, autonomy, and development. Although the context of this research was business education in a post-secondary institution focused on applied learning, the insights gained are of interdisciplinary relevance and anchored in social constructivist learning theories that support transferability. As educators and students are faced with navigating ever-changing ecosystems, employers are seeking new perspectives and orientations to problem solving and innovation. This work explores the impact of reframing and redesign of conditions for learning, even within system bounded contexts, and directly effects surrounding businesses, communities, and society.
The rapid dispersal of low-mass virialised clusters
Creators: name: Moeckel, Nickolas
name: Holland, Christopher
name: Clarke, Cathie J.
name: Bonnell, Ian A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Infant mortality brought about by the expulsion of a star cluster's natal gas is widely invoked to explain cluster statistics at different ages. While a well studied problem, most recent studies of gas expulsion's effect on a cluster have focused on massive clusters, with stellar counts of order $10^4$. Here we argue that the evolutionary timescales associated with the compact low-mass clusters typical of the median cluster in the Solar neighborhood are short enough that significant dynamical evolution can take place over the ages usually associated with gas expulsion. To test this we perform {\it N}-body simulations of the dynamics of a very young star forming region, with initial conditions drawn from a large-scale hydrodynamic simulation of gravitational collapse and fragmentation. The subclusters we analyse, with populations of a few hundred stars, have high local star formation efficiencies and are roughly virialised even after the gas is removed. Over 10 Myr they expand to a similar degree as would be expected from gas expulsion if they were initially gas-rich, but the expansion is purely due to the internal stellar dynamics of the young clusters. The expansion is such that the stellar densities at 2 Myr match those of YSOs in the Solar neighborhood. We argue that at the low-mass end of the cluster mass spectrum, a deficit of clusters at 10s of Myr does not necessarily imply gas expulsion as a disruption mechanism.
description: 11 pages, accepted to MNRAS. Updated to match accepted version: title changed, one new subsection, some new figures
title: Solitary fibrous tumour of the parapharyngeal space
Creators: name: Pires, Verena Alves Almeida
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Head & neck imaging
subject: Head and neck
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: Cancer
subject: Clinical Case

description: Clinical History: We report a case of a 56-year-old male who presents with a progressive, dull, aching pain in the throat for 1 year’s duration and foreign body sensation on the left oropharyngeal region. On clinical examination he had a prominent left oropharyngeal submucosal bulge with no abnormalities of the overlying mucosa.

description: 56 years, male
title: Investigating Clozapine-Induced Myocarditis in Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes from Treatment-Resistant Schizophrenia Patients: A Pharmacoepigenomic Approach
Creators: name: Ferri Marques, Diogo
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Epigenetics
subject: Schizophrenia
subject: Histone modifications
subject: DNA methylation
subject: Myocarditis
subject: Clozapine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Clozapine, an antipsychotic with proven efficacy for treatment-resistant schizophrenia, is often underutilized due to the risk of severe side effects such as myocarditis (cardiac inflammation). This study explores whether epigenetic regulation may predispose individuals to clozapine-induced myocarditis, aiming to uncover biomarkers that can predict risk of this adverse effect and thus improve clinical outcomes. Utilizing a novel in vitro model, I used induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) derived from patients with treatment-resistant schizophrenia who either experienced clozapine-induced myocarditis (cases) or did not (controls). These iPSCs were differentiated into cardiomyocytes (iPSC-CMs) and exposed to clozapine. My work focused on the integration of chromatin immunoprecipitation of H3K4me3 and H3K27ac, gene expression profiles and DNA methylation patterns to identify potential predictive markers of myocarditis risk. Our findings revealed significant epigenetic alterations associated with myocarditis risk. In cases, there was a notable hypermethylation at the promoter regions of genes such as GSTM1 and ZNF559, which was correlated with decreased gene expression. Conversely, hypermethylation in the gene bodies of AKAP7 and HLA-DRB1 was associated with increased expression. In conclusion, my study highlights the critical role of epigenetic profiles in mediating the effects of clozapine and suggests potential biomarkers for predicting clozapine-induced myocarditis. These insights pave the way for further research into the epigenetic regulation of drug responses in psychiatric disorders, with the long-term goal of enhancing therapeutic efficacy and safety through tailored treatment strategies.
Platygramme caesiopruinosa Fée
Creators: name: R, Jeanne dos
name: Silva, eis
name: Aptroot, André
name: E, Marcela
name: S, ugenia da
name: Cáceres, ilva
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Fungi
Ascomycota
Lecanoromycetes
Ostropales
Graphidaceae
Platygramme
Platygramme caesiopruinosa

description: Platygramme caesiopruinosa (Fée) Fée
PREVIOUS REPORT. — Staiger (2002).
NEW REPORT. — Mineiros, Parque Nacional das Emas, on bark, leg. J.A.R. Silva, ISE 52906.
description: Published as part of R, Jeanne dos, Silva, eis, Aptroot, André, E, Marcela, S, ugenia da & Cáceres, ilva, 2023, Lichens from dry central Brazil: a checklist of lichenized fungi from Distríto Federal and Goiás, pp. 117-133 in Cryptogamie, Mycologie 20 (9) on page 130, DOI: 10.5252/cryptogamie-mycologie2023v44a9, http://zenodo.org/record/8434271
The Pseudomonas aeruginosa Complement of Lactate Dehydrogenases Enables Use of d- and l-Lactate and Metabolic Cross-Feeding
Creators: name: Lin, Yu-Cheng
name: Cornell, William-Cole
name: Jo, Jeanyoung
name: Price-Whelan, Alexa M.
name: Dietrich, Lars
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Pulmonary embolism--Diagnosis
Lactate dehydrogenase--Diagnostic use
Medical sciences
Cystic fibrosis
Biofilms
Pyruvates

description: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is the most common cause of chronic, biofilm-based lung infections in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). Sputum from patients with CF has been shown to contain oxic and hypoxic subzones as well as millimolar concentrations of lactate. Here, we describe the physiological roles and expression patterns of P. aeruginosa lactate dehydrogenases in the contexts of different growth regimes. P. aeruginosa produces four enzymes annotated as lactate dehydrogenases, three of which are known to contribute to anaerobic or aerobic metabolism in liquid cultures. These three are LdhA, which reduces pyruvate to d-lactate during anaerobic survival, and LldE and LldD, which oxidize d-lactate and l-lactate, respectively, during aerobic growth. We demonstrate that the fourth enzyme, LldA, performs redundant l-lactate oxidation during growth in aerobic cultures in both a defined MOPS (morpholinepropanesulfonic acid)-based medium and synthetic CF sputum media. However, LldA differs from LldD in that its expression is induced specifically by the l-enantiomer of lactate. We also show that the P. aeruginosa lactate dehydrogenases perform functions in colony biofilms that are similar to their functions in liquid cultures. Finally, we provide evidence that the enzymes LdhA and LldE have the potential to support metabolic cross-feeding in biofilms, where LdhA can catalyze the production of d-lactate in the anaerobic zone, which is then used as a substrate in the aerobic zone. Together, these observations further our understanding of the metabolic pathways that can contribute to P. aeruginosa growth and survival during CF lung infection.

IMPORTANCE Lactate is thought to serve as a carbon and energy source during chronic infections. Sites of bacterial colonization can contain two enantiomers of lactate: the l-form, generally produced by the host, and the d-form, which is usually produced by bacteria, including the pulmonary pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Here, we characterize P. aeruginosa’s set of four enzymes that it can use to interconvert pyruvate and lactate, the functions of which depend on the availability of oxygen and specific enantiomers of lactate. We also show that anaerobic pyruvate fermentation triggers production of the aerobic d-lactate dehydrogenase in both liquid cultures and biofilms, thereby enabling metabolic cross-feeding of lactate over time and space between subpopulations of cells. These metabolic pathways might contribute to P. aeruginosa growth and survival in the lung.
Hypercommutative operad as a homotopy quotient of BV
Creators: name: Khoroshkin, Anton
name: Markarian, Nikita
name: Shadrin, Sergey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 53D45, 14D21, 14D07

description: We give an explicit formula for a quasi-isomorphism between the operads Hycomm (the homology of the moduli space of stable genus 0 curves) and BV/$Δ$ (the homotopy quotient of Batalin-Vilkovisky operad by the BV-operator). In other words we derive an equivalence of Hycomm-algebras and BV-algebras enhanced with a homotopy that trivializes the BV-operator. These formulas are given in terms of the Givental graphs, and are proved in two different ways. One proof uses the Givental group action, and the other proof goes through a chain of explicit formulas on resolutions of Hycomm and BV. The second approach gives, in particular, a homological explanation of the Givental group action on Hycomm-algebras.
description: minor corrections added, to appear in Comm.Math.Phys
title: Μορφομετρική ανάλυση φύλλων μερικών βελτιωμένων και ξενικής προελεύσεως ποικιλιών της αμπέλου
title: Morphometric analysis of leaves of some improved and foreign origin varieties of grapevine
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Σαλβάρης, Χρήστος
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Δυτικής Αττικής
Year: 2023
Subjects: Μορφομετρική Ανάλυση Φύλλων
Γεωμετρική Μορφομετρική Ανάλυση
Landmarks
Generalized Procrustes Analysis
Vine varieties

description: Στοιχεία της μορφολογίας ενός φύλλου της αμπέλου, όπως είναι το σχήμα και το μέγεθος του, η μορφή των οδόντων, των κόλπων, και των λοβών, παρέχουν πλήθος πληροφοριών για την ποικιλία της αμπέλου στην οποία ανήκει ένα φυτό. Στην παρούσα εργασία, παρουσιάζεται μία μέθοδος ανάλυσης της μορφολογίας μεμονωμένων φύλλων, η οποία ονομάζεται Μορφομετρική Ανάλυση Φύλλων (ΜΑΦ) και η οποία χρησιμοποιήθηκε για την ταξινόμηση φύλλων επτά βελτιωμένων (Chardonnay Ελλάς, Ευκλείδης, Ευτυχία, Μακεδόνας, Χαρά Λεωνιδών, Αργοναυτικό, Γεωργάκης) και τριών ξενικής προέλευσης (Chenin Blanc, Petit Manseng, Ugni Blanc) ποικιλιών αμπέλου. Στόχος της μελέτης ήταν η αξιολόγηση της ΜΑΦ για την διάκριση ποικιλιών αμπέλου με βάση ορισμένα μορφολογικά γνωρίσματα μεμονωμένων φύλλων. Για την ΜΑΦ, και συγκεκριμένα την Γεωμετρική Μορφομετρική Ανάλυση (ΓΜΑ), χρησιμοποιήθηκαν ψηφιακά μέσα καθώς και εξειδικευμένα λογισμικά. Η διαδικασία περιλάμβανε τη συλλογή φύλλων, τη σάρωση και τη λήψη εικόνων, την διόρθωση τους (IED - Imaging Edge Desktop), τη λήψη σημείων αναφοράς (Landmarks) στα φύλλα, τη Γενικευμένη Προκρούστεια Ανάλυση (GPA), και, τέλος, την Γραμμική Ανάλυση Διάκρισης (LDA). Η ορθότητα της ταξινόμησης μεμονωμένων φύλλων στην ποικιλία που ανήκουν ήταν αρκετά ψηλή αλλά διέφερε από ποικιλία σε ποικιλία.
Magnetic Field Amplification by Small-Scale Dynamo Action: Dependence on Turbulence Models and Reynolds and Prandtl Numbers
Creators: name: Schober, Jennifer
name: Schleicher, Dominik
name: Federrath, Christoph
name: Klessen, Ralf
name: Banerjee, Robi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The small-scale dynamo is a process by which turbulent kinetic energy is converted into magnetic energy, and thus is expected to depend crucially on the nature of turbulence. In this work, we present a model for the small-scale dynamo that takes into account the slope of the turbulent velocity spectrum v(l) ~ l^theta, where l and v(l) are the size of a turbulent fluctuation and the typical velocity on that scale. The time evolution of the fluctuation component of the magnetic field, i.e., the small-scale field, is described by the Kazantsev equation. We solve this linear differential equation for its eigenvalues with the quantum-mechanical WKB-approximation. The validity of this method is estimated as a function of the magnetic Prandtl number Pm. We calculate the minimal magnetic Reynolds number for dynamo action, Rm_crit, using our model of the turbulent velocity correlation function. For Kolmogorov turbulence (theta=1/3), we find that the critical magnetic Reynolds number is approximately 110 and for Burgers turbulence (theta=1/2) approximately 2700. Furthermore, we derive that the growth rate of the small-scale magnetic field for a general type of turbulence is Gamma ~ Re^((1-theta)/(1+theta)) in the limit of infinite magnetic Prandtl numbers. For decreasing magnetic Prandtl number (down to Pm approximately larger than 10), the growth rate of the small-scale dynamo decreases. The details of this drop depend on the WKB-approximation, which becomes invalid for a magnetic Prandtl number of about unity.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures; published in Phys. Rev. E 2012
Policy with Integrity: Ethical Educational Policies in the Age of Generative AI
Creators: name: Eaton, Sarah Elaine
Publisher: name: Werklund School of Education
Year: 2024
Subjects: academic integrity
plagiarism
policy
academic misconduct
academic dishonesty
artificial intelligence
Gen AI
equity
diversity
inclusion
accessibility
human rights

description: A thought-provoking overview of the current state of academic integrity policy, including plagiarism, exam cheating, and more. The age of generative artificial intelligence (Gen AI) has brought many changes to higher education since ChatGPT was released in November 2022. As higher education institutions grapple with the impact of Gen AI for teaching, learning and assessment, there are practical implications for academic and research integrity. Professors, students, and administrators look to policies, procedures, and practices to help guide their decisions and their actions. Professor Eaton will highlight some of the major findings of the FAITH project related to policy, situating the results of this project within a broader global landscape of academic and research integrity. The importance of policy development and implementation for securing a just, ethical, and equitable future provide a conceptual foundation for this keynote address. The practical application of policy will bring the conceptual aspects to the foreground as we explore real-world implications of policy and practice. Recommended citation: Eaton, S. E. (2024, August 5). Policy with Integrity: Ethical Educational Policies in the Age of Generative AI Facing Academic Integrity Threats (FAITH) Conference, Çanakkale, Türkiye.
Spin-Orbit Coupled Quantum Gases
Creators: name: Zhai, Hui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this review we will discuss the experimental and theoretical progresses in studying spin-orbit coupled degenerate atomic gases during the last two years. We shall first review a series of pioneering experiments in generating synthetic gauge potentials and spin-orbit coupling in atomic gases by engineering atom-light interaction. Realization of spin-orbit coupled quantum gases opens a new avenue in cold atom physics, and also brings out a lot of new physical problems. In particular, the interplay between spin-orbit coupling and inter-atomic interaction leads to many intriguing phenomena. Here, by reviewing recent theoretical studies of both interacting bosons and fermions with isotropic Rashba spin-orbit coupling, the key message delivered here is that spin-orbit coupling can enhance the interaction effects, and make the interaction effects much more dramatic even in the weakly interacting regime.
description: A short review, 15 pages and 4 figures
BacCapSeq: a Platform for Diagnosis and Characterization of Bacterial Infections
Creators: name: Allicock, Orchid M.
name: Guo, Cheng
name: Uhlemann, Anne-Catrin
name: Whittier, Susan
name: Chauhan, Lokendra V.
name: Garcia, Joel A.
name: Price, Adam R.
name: Morse, Stephen S.
name: Mishra, Nischay
name: Briese, Thomas
name: Lipkin, W. Ian
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Immunity
Immunopathology
Communicable diseases--Prevention
Pathology, Cellular
Bacterial diseases--Diagnosis
Bacteria--Identification
Drug resistance

description: We report a platform that increases the sensitivity of high-throughput sequencing for detection and characterization of bacteria, virulence determinants, and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes. The system uses a probe set comprised of 4.2 million oligonucleotides based on the Pathosystems Resource Integration Center (PATRIC) database, the Comprehensive Antibiotic Resistance Database (CARD), and the Virulence Factor Database (VFDB), representing 307 bacterial species that include all known human-pathogenic species, known antimicrobial resistance genes, and known virulence factors, respectively. The use of bacterial capture sequencing (BacCapSeq) resulted in an up to 1,000-fold increase in bacterial reads from blood samples and lowered the limit of detection by 1 to 2 orders of magnitude compared to conventional unbiased high-throughput sequencing, down to a level comparable to that of agent-specific real-time PCR with as few as 5 million total reads generated per sample. It detected not only the presence of AMR genes but also biomarkers for AMR that included both constitutive and differentially expressed transcripts.

IMPORTANCE BacCapSeq is a method for differential diagnosis of bacterial infections and defining antimicrobial sensitivity profiles that has the potential to reduce morbidity and mortality, health care costs, and the inappropriate use of antibiotics that contributes to the development of antimicrobial resistance.
Pyxine berteriana Imsh.
Creators: name: R, Jeanne dos
name: Silva, eis
name: Aptroot, André
name: E, Marcela
name: S, ugenia da
name: Cáceres, ilva
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Fungi
Ascomycota
Lecanoromycetes
Caliciales
Caliciaceae
Pyxine
Pyxine berteriana

description: Pyxine berteriana (Fée) Imsh.
PREVIOUS REPORT. — Kalb (1987).
 NEW REPORT. — Chapada do Céu, Parque Nacional das Emas, on bark, leg. A. Aptroot s.n.
description: Published as part of R, Jeanne dos, Silva, eis, Aptroot, André, E, Marcela, S, ugenia da & Cáceres, ilva, 2023, Lichens from dry central Brazil: a checklist of lichenized fungi from Distríto Federal and Goiás, pp. 117-133 in Cryptogamie, Mycologie 20 (9) on page 131, DOI: 10.5252/cryptogamie-mycologie2023v44a9, http://zenodo.org/record/8434271
title: Turbulent Combustion Modeling of an Ejector Ramjet Propulsion System
Creators: name: Migadel, Tyson
Publisher: name: Schulich School of Engineering
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Ramjet
subject: Computational Fluid Dynamics
subject: Combustion
subject: Ejector Ramjet
subject: Mechanical engineering
subject: FOS: Mechanical engineering
subject: Aerospace
subject: Engineering--Mechanical
subject: Engineering--Aerospace

description: The Atlantis Intake System (AIS) is a novel design for a ramjet inlet intended to produce thrust through a wide range of flight Mach numbers, including at static conditions, by operating as an ejector-ramjet. A computational fluid dynamics study is performed to assess the change in performance of the AIS due to preheating the fuel jet using heat released from combustion. However, first the computation model is assessed for several combustion-related problems relevant to an ejector ramjet: a one-dimensional laminar flame, a three-dimensional bluff-body stabilized flame, and a ramjet with the AIS operating at static conditions. For an ejector ramjet, preheating the fuel jet is shown to increase the ratio of air to fuel entrained by the AIS and the specific impulse (ISP). Furthermore, if the global equivalence ratio is above unity, preheating the fuel jet while keeping the fuel jet stagnation pressure constant results in an increase in thrust. In contrast, the thrust is lowered as the stagnation temperature of the fuel jet is increased for cases with lean combustion if the stagnation pressure of the fuel is kept constant.
title: An Investigation of Cryptocurrency Owners: Examining the Role of Fallacious Gambling Beliefs and Conspiratorial Thinking
Creators: name: Tuico, Kyle Andrew
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: cryptocurrency
subject: trading
subject: investing
subject: gambling
subject: problem gambling
subject: Psychology--Cognitive
subject: Psychology--Behavioral

description: Introduction: Cryptocurrencies have become widely popular speculative assets in recent years, attracting traders and investors to the gambling-like cryptocurrency market. Previous literature indicates that cryptocurrencies may appeal to those who distrust authorities or perceive potential financial gains despite the notable risks. Therefore, the present study investigated whether fallacious gambling beliefs and conspiratorial thinking, along with gambling and behavioural factors, predict cryptocurrency ownership and identification as a trader. Methods: Participants (N = 574; n = 278 cryptocurrency owners; n = 278 non-owners) were recruited to participate in a cross-sectional online survey through Connect, an online crowdsourcing platform. Respondents completed measures assessing cryptocurrency engagement, gambling involvement, problem gambling severity, trait impulsivity, gambling fallacies, and conspiratorial thinking. Results: Hierarchical logistic regressions identified several predictors of cryptocurrency ownership, including male gender, younger age, higher household income, more severe problem gambling, higher sensation seeking, and lower negative urgency. Among cryptocurrency owners, predictors of trading versus investing included younger age, lower susceptibility to gambling fallacies, and higher engagement frequency. Conclusion: Although the observed predictors suggest some overlap between cryptocurrency engagement and gambling, the absence of other associations indicates distinct differences that warrant further exploration. Developing a greater understanding of cryptocurrency owners’ characteristics provides stakeholders with valuable insight, helping inform programs that prevent risky cryptocurrency engagement.
title: Double-Difference Seismic Event Relocation: A Study of the Applications and Limitations of the Relocation Problem
Creators: name: Biegel, Katherine M.
Publisher: name: Science
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: seismology
subject: earthquakes
subject: tectonics
subject: induced seismicity
subject: earthquake source studies
subject: earthquake location
subject: Geophysics
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Earthquake relocation provides refined earthquake catalogs based on additional considerations or data beyond the initial earthquake location estimates. Double-difference relocation, in particular, utilizes the assumption that ray paths in close proximity to one another will pass through a similar earth velocity structure. The method minimizes the residual difference for pairs of these travel time observations to refine event locations. This thesis focuses on the application of three double-difference methods based on differing geometries of data pairing: event-pair relocation, station-pair relocation, and double-pair relocation. In this thesis, I introduce a previously unavailable software, relocDD-py, that implements all three of these relocation methods along with a complete workflow, including data preparation, automated variable selection, and post-relocation uncertainty analysis. This software is developed in Python using many widely implemented Python packages to allow for integration into existing seismic workflows. In addition, I present studies that apply this software and methodology at various scales, including (1) a large-scale tectonic study of complex plate subduction and the resulting seismicity in Alaska and Yukon where we find direct evidence of the Totschunda-Fairweather Connector fault; (2) a regionally observed induced seismicity event with analysis of the entire earthquake sequence from Peace River, Alberta where we find activation of multiple sub-parallel faults; and finally (3) a densely monitored induced seismicity experiment which ruptured a complex network of pre-existing faults near Fox Creek, Alberta where we find limits on the depth of seismicity to the hydraulic fracturing depth. Double-difference relocation can improve existing catalogs even in sparsely monitored areas and can reduce relative location uncertainty to such a degree that detailed three-dimensional interpretation of fault structures is possible. In many cases, event-pair relocation, the most widely applied double-difference method, is sufficient to improve relative uncertainties and maintain absolute location uncertainties. However, in cases with complex velocity models and dense monitoring, the double-pair method can improve relative uncertainties beyond event-pair relocation, which may identify additional seismicity features. The double-pair method is more computationally expensive and, therefore, is not necessary in all cases. All three double-difference relocation methods have an important role to play in earthquake and other seismic event relocation and catalog refinement. My work provides a software tool and a standardized workflow for the implementation of double-difference relocation in seismic studies.
title: Phase Diagram of QDA Classifier for Two-Component Mixture with Diagonal Covariance Matrices
Creators: name: Shihab, Safwan
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Classification
subject: Rare and Weak Signal
subject: QDA
subject: Discriminant Analysis
subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Consider the two-component mixture model with sample size much smaller than the number of predictors. This thesis deals with the problem of classification with rare and weak signals which often occurs in this scenario (p >> n). In the two-class classification problem of normal covariates with zero mean and diagonal covariance matrices, Chen et al. (2023) provided a detection boundary for the quadratic discriminant analysis (QDA) classifier and proposed to use higher criticism thresholding (HCT), a feature selection procedure, to improve classification accuracy of the QDA classifier. This thesis is an extension of their work. They derived QDA successful and unsuccessful region assuming covariance matrices are known (i.e. at population level), and an impossibility subregion when covariance matrices are unknown (i.e. at sample level) which forms an QDA unsuccessful subregion. In this thesis, we first derive the phase transition of QDA at population level, which separates QDA successful region and unsuccessful region. At the sample level, we work out a sufficient condition for the QDA classifier to be successful, i.e. we found a QDA successful subregion. To demonstrate our theoretical results, we conduct extensive simulation studies to examine the performance of QDA classifier at both population level and sample level, and both within and outside succesful (sub)region. For sample level, we compare the performance of QDA classifier with HCT thresholding and without thresholding and find that HCT can improve QDA classification accuracy.