cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Calibration and Evaluation of Outlier Detection with Generated Data
Creators: name: Steinbuß, Georg
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2020

description: Outlier detection is an essential part of data science --- an area with increasing relevance in a plethora of domains. While there already exist numerous approaches for the detection of outliers, some significant challenges remain relevant. Two prominent such challenges are that outliers are rare and not precisely defined. They both have serious consequences, especially on the calibration and evaluation of detection methods. This thesis is concerned with a possible way of dealing with these challenges: the generation of outliers. It discusses existing techniques for generating outliers but specifically also their use in tackling the mentioned challenges. In the literature, the topic of outlier generation seems to have only little general structure so far --- despite that many techniques were already proposed. Thus, the first contribution of this thesis is a unified and crisp description of the state-of-the-art in outlier generation and their usages. Given the variety of characteristics of the generated outliers and the variety of methods designed for the detection of real outliers, it becomes apparent that a comparison of detection performance should be more distinctive than state-of-the-art comparisons are. Such a distinctive comparison is tackled in the second central contribution of this thesis: a general process for the distinctive evaluation of outlier detection methods with generated data. The process developed in this thesis uses entirely artificial data in which the inliers are realistic representations of some real-world data and the outliers deviations from these inliers with specific characteristics. The realness of the inliers allows the generalization of performance evaluations to many other data domains. The carefully designed generation techniques for outliers allow insights on the effect of the characteristics of outliers. So-called hidden outliers represent a special type of outliers: they also depend on a set of selections of data attributes, i.e., a set of subspaces. Hidden outliers are only detectable in a particular set of subspaces. In the subspaces they are hidden from, they are not detectable. For outlier detection methods that make use of subspaces, hidden outliers are a blind-spot: if they hide from the subspaces, searched for outliers. Thus, hidden outliers are exciting to study, for the evaluation of detection methods that use subspaces in particular. The third central contribution of this thesis is a technique for the generation of hidden outliers. An analysis of the characteristics of such instances is featured as well. First, the concept of hidden outliers is broached theoretical for this analysis. Then the developed technique is also used to validate the theoretical findings in more realistic contexts. For example, to show that hidden outliers could appear in many real-world data sets. All in all, this dissertation gives the field of outlier generation needed structure and shows their usefulness in tackling prominent challenges of the outlier detection problem.
Figure S4 from A new mechanistic model of weather-dependent Septoria tritici blotch disease risk.
Creators: name: Chaloner, Thomas M.
name: Fones, Helen N.
name: Varun Varma
name: Bebber, Daniel P.
name: Gurr, Sarah J.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: We present a new mechanistic model for predicting Septoria tritici blotch (STB) disease, parameterized with experimentally derived data for temperature- and wetness-dependent germination, growth and death of the causal agent, Zymoseptoria tritici. The output of this model (A) was compared with observed disease data for UK wheat over the period 2002–2016. In addition, we compared the output of a second model (B), in which experimentally derived parameters were replaced by a modified version of a published Z. tritici thermal performance equation, with the same observed disease data. Neither model predicted observed annual disease, but model A was able to differentiate UK regions with differing average disease risks over the entire period. The greatest limitations of both models are: broad spatial resolution of the climate data, and lack of host parameters. Model B is further limited by its lack of explicitly defined pathogen death, leading to a cumulative overestimation of disease over the course of the growing season. Comparison of models A and B demonstrates the importance of accounting for the temperature-dependency of pathogen processes important in the initiation and progression of disease. However, effective modelling of STB will probably require similar experimentally derived parameters for host and environmental factors, completing the disease triangle.This article is part of the theme issue ‘Detection, forecasting and control of infectious disease epidemics: modelling outbreaks in humans, animals and plants Part 1’.
Aleurodiscus cerussatus Höhn. & Litsch., Sitzungsberichte der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften Math.
Creators: name: Yang, Lu Wang Xin
name: Zhao, Changlin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Fungi
Basidiomycota
Agaricomycetes
Russulales
Stereaceae
Aleurodiscus
Aleurodiscus cerussatus

description: 3. Aleurodiscus cerussatus (Bres.) Höhn. & Litsch., Sitzungsberichte der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften Math. -naturw.
Klasse Abt. I 116: 760, 807 (1907). White rot in a broad-leaved forest. Ailaoshan National Nature Reserve, Jingdong County, Puer, Yunnan Province, China, on a trunk of angiosperm, 5 October 2017, CLZhao 4102.
description: Published as part of Yang, Lu Wang Xin & Zhao, Changlin, 2024, The wood-decaying fungal diversity unveiled by morphology and phylogeny in Ailaoshan Mountain, Yunnan, China, pp. 1-30 in Phytotaxa 661 (1) on page 8, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.661.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/13218270
(1359) Sarah Morley
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
(1360) John Wm Morley
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Figure S7 from A new mechanistic model of weather-dependent Septoria tritici blotch disease risk
Creators: name: Chaloner, Thomas M.
name: Fones, Helen N.
name: Varun Varma
name: Bebber, Daniel P.
name: Gurr, Sarah J.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: We present a new mechanistic model for predicting Septoria tritici blotch (STB) disease, parametrized with experimentally derived data for temperature- and wetness-dependent germination, growth and death of the causal agent, Zymoseptoria tritici. The output of this model (A) was compared to observed disease data for UK wheat over the period 2002–2016. In addition, we compared the output of a second model (B), in which experimentally derived parameters were replaced by a modified version of a published Z. tritici thermal performance equation, to the same observed disease data. Neither model predicted observed annual disease, but model A was able to differentiate UK regions with differing average disease risks over the entire period. The greatest limitations of both models are: broad spatial resolution of the climate data, and lack of host parameters. Model B is further limited by its lack of explicitly defined pathogen death, leading to a cumulative overestimation of disease over the course of the growing season. Comparison of models A and B demonstrates the importance of accounting for the temperature-dependency of pathogen processes important in the initiation and progression of disease. However, effective modelling of STB will probably require similar experimentally derived parameters for host and environmental factors, completing the disease triangle.This article is part of the theme issue ‘Detection, forecasting and control of infectious disease epidemics: modelling outbreaks in humans, animals and plants Part 1’.
Racial and Ethnic Diversification Will Likely Shape U.S. Food Demand and Diet Quality
Creators: name: Dong, Diansheng
name: Stewart, Hayden
name: Dong, Diansheng
name: Stewart, Hayden
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2022

description: U.S. demographic trends, including increased diversity brought about by immigration, may cause overall consumer demand for some types of goods to grow faster than demand for other types of goods. U.S. immigrants generally acculturate in their food choices, adopting eating patterns more like native-born people of their same ethnic or racial group. Non-Hispanic Asians may have slightly higher quality diets, on average, than other racial and ethnic groups.
Revisiting slow-roll inflation in nonminimal derivative coupling with potentials
Creators: name: Myung, Yun Soo
name: Moon, Taeyoon
name: Lee, Bum-Hoon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the slow-roll inflation in the nonminimal derivative coupling (NDC) model with exponential, quadric, and quartic potentials. It was known that this model provides an enhanced slow-roll inflation induced by gravitationally enhanced friction even for a steep exponential potential. In the phase portrait, the inflationary attractor is described by the slow-roll equation. Introducing the autonomous form, the inflation is regarded as an emergence from the saddle point and it leaves this fixed point along the slow-roll equation. We show explicitly that if one uses the NDC with potentials, the slow-roll inflation is easier to be implemented than the canonical coupling with the same potentials.
description: 1+16 pages, 7 figures, 2 tables, version accepted for publication in JCAP
Interaction of the Postsynaptic Density-95/Guanylate Kinase Domain-Associated Protein Complex with a Light Chain of Myosin-V and Dynein
Creators: name: Valtschanoff, Juli
name: Sala, Carlo
name: Allison, Daniel W.
name: Kim, Eunjoon
name: Weinberg, Richard J.
name: Craig, Ann Marie
name: Naisbitt, Scott
name: Sheng, Morgan
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2000

description: NMDA receptors interact directly with postsynaptic density-95 (PSD-95), a scaffold protein that organizes a cytoskeletal- signaling complex at the postsynaptic membrane. The molecular mechanism by which the PSD-95-based protein complex is trafficked to the postsynaptic site is unknown but presumably involves specific motor proteins. Here we demonstrate a direct interaction between the PSD-95-associated protein guanylate kinase domain-associated protein (GKAP) and dynein light chain (DLC), a light chain subunit shared by myosin-V (an actin-based motor) and cytoplasmic dynein (a microtubule-based motor). A yeast two-hybrid screen with GKAP isolated DLC2, a novel protein 93% identical to the previously cloned 8 kDa dynein light chain (DLC1). A complex containing PSD-95, GKAP, DLC, and myosin-V can be immunoprecipitated from rat brain extracts. DLC colocalizes with PSD-95 and F-actin in dendritic spines of cultured neurons and is enriched in biochemical purifications of PSD. Immunogold electron microscopy reveals a concentration of DLC in the postsynaptic compartment of asymmetric synapses of brain in which it is associated with the PSD and the spine apparatus. We discuss the possibility that the GKAP/DLC interaction may be involved in trafficking of the PSD-95 complex by motor proteins.
Figure S6 from A new mechanistic model of weather-dependent Septoria tritici blotch disease risk
Creators: name: Chaloner, Thomas M.
name: Fones, Helen N.
name: Varun Varma
name: Bebber, Daniel P.
name: Gurr, Sarah J.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: We present a new mechanistic model for predicting Septoria tritici blotch (STB) disease, parametrized with experimentally derived data for temperature- and wetness-dependent germination, growth and death of the causal agent, Zymoseptoria tritici. The output of this model (A) was compared to observed disease data for UK wheat over the period 2002–2016. In addition, we compared the output of a second model (B), in which experimentally derived parameters were replaced by a modified version of a published Z. tritici thermal performance equation, to the same observed disease data. Neither model predicted observed annual disease, but model A was able to differentiate UK regions with differing average disease risks over the entire period. The greatest limitations of both models are: broad spatial resolution of the climate data, and lack of host parameters. Model B is further limited by its lack of explicitly defined pathogen death, leading to a cumulative overestimation of disease over the course of the growing season. Comparison of models A and B demonstrates the importance of accounting for the temperature-dependency of pathogen processes important in the initiation and progression of disease. However, effective modelling of STB will probably require similar experimentally derived parameters for host and environmental factors, completing the disease triangle.This article is part of the theme issue ‘Detection, forecasting and control of infectious disease epidemics: modelling outbreaks in humans, animals and plants Part 1’.
Free-kick condition for entanglement entropy in higher curvature gravity
Creators: name: Hosseini, Seyed Morteza
name: Veliz-Osorio, Alvaro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In order to compute the entanglement entropy for a given region in a theory with an Einstein gravity dual, the Ryu-Takayanagi prescription tells us that we must compute the the area of an extremal surface anchored to the entangling region. However, if the dual gravity theory receives higher-curvature corrections we are compelled to extremize a quantity which is no longer given by the area but a higher-derivative functional. Hence, in order to find the extremal surface that yields the correct value of the entanglement entropy, we must include an additional boundary condition to the problem. We claim that the additional condition can be fixed by demanding that the relationship between the bulk depth and the size of the entangling region is the one induced by geodesics, we call this the free-kick condition. We implement this prescription in the computation of the entanglement entropy of the hairy black hole in new massive gravity, and find a perfect agreement with conformal field theory expectations.
description: 19 pages, 4 figures; v2: references added, minor revision; v3: minor revisions, published version
Figure S3 from A new mechanistic model of weather-dependent Septoria tritici blotch disease risk.
Creators: name: Chaloner, Thomas M.
name: Fones, Helen N.
name: Varun Varma
name: Bebber, Daniel P.
name: Gurr, Sarah J.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: We present a new mechanistic model for predicting Septoria tritici blotch (STB) disease, parameterized with experimentally derived data for temperature- and wetness-dependent germination, growth and death of the causal agent, Zymoseptoria tritici. The output of this model (A) was compared with observed disease data for UK wheat over the period 2002–2016. In addition, we compared the output of a second model (B), in which experimentally derived parameters were replaced by a modified version of a published Z. tritici thermal performance equation, with the same observed disease data. Neither model predicted observed annual disease, but model A was able to differentiate UK regions with differing average disease risks over the entire period. The greatest limitations of both models are: broad spatial resolution of the climate data, and lack of host parameters. Model B is further limited by its lack of explicitly defined pathogen death, leading to a cumulative overestimation of disease over the course of the growing season. Comparison of models A and B demonstrates the importance of accounting for the temperature-dependency of pathogen processes important in the initiation and progression of disease. However, effective modelling of STB will probably require similar experimentally derived parameters for host and environmental factors, completing the disease triangle.This article is part of the theme issue ‘Detection, forecasting and control of infectious disease epidemics: modelling outbreaks in humans, animals and plants Part 1’.
(1362) Elizabeth Hannah Morley
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Renormalised fermion vacuum expectation values on anti-de Sitter space-time
Creators: name: Ambrus, Victor E.
name: Winstanley, Elizabeth
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Schwinger-de Witt and Hadamard methods are used to obtain renormalised vacuum expectation values for the fermion condensate, charge current and stress-energy tensor of a quantum fermion field of arbitrary mass on four-dimensional anti-de Sitter space-time. The quantum field is in the global anti-de Sitter vacuum state. The results are compared with those obtained using the Pauli-Villars and zeta-function regularisation methods, respectively.
description: 7 pages, no figures, conclusions expanded, accepted for publication in Physics Letters B
Aleurodiscus isabellinus S. H. He & Y. C. Dai
Creators: name: Yang, Lu Wang Xin
name: Zhao, Changlin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Fungi
Basidiomycota
Agaricomycetes
Russulales
Stereaceae
Aleurodiscus
Aleurodiscus isabellinus

description: 4. Aleurodiscus isabellinus S.H. He & Y.C. Dai,
in Tian, Ghobad-Nejhad, He & Dai, MycoKeys 37: 100 (2018). White rot in a broad-leaved forest. Ailaoshan National Nature Reserve, Puer, Yunnan Province, China, on a fallen branch of angiosperm, 4 October 2017, CLZhao 3918; Tea horse ancient road scenic spot, Xinping County, Yuxi, Yunnan Province, China, on a fallen trunk of angiosperm, 13 January 2018, CLZhao 5176; CLZhao 5199; CLZhao 5405; Ailaoshan National Nature Reserve, Liangzi Village, Heping Town, Zhenyuan County, Puer, Yunnan Province, China, on a fallen trunk of angiosperm, 14 January 2018, CLZhao 5625.
description: Published as part of Yang, Lu Wang Xin & Zhao, Changlin, 2024, The wood-decaying fungal diversity unveiled by morphology and phylogeny in Ailaoshan Mountain, Yunnan, China, pp. 1-30 in Phytotaxa 661 (1) on page 12, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.661.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/13218270
Neuroactive Steroid 3α-Hydroxy-5α-Pregnan-20-One Modulates Electrophysiological and Behavioral Actions of Ethanol
Creators: name: Morrow, A. Leslie
name: Matthews, Douglas B.
name: VanDoren, Margaret J.
name: Janis, Gregory C.
name: Devaud, Leslie L.
name: Grobin, A. Chistina
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2000

description: Neuroactive steroids are synthesized
(1357) George Outhwaite
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Fokus Jugend 2023. Ein Überblick in Zahlen
Creators: name: Schipfer, Rudolf Karl
Publisher: name: University of Vienna. Project: Family Studies in Austria
Year: 2023
Subjects: Familienforschung
Jugendforschung
Sozialstatistik
Kinderforschung

description: Die Publikation „Fokus Jugend“ bietet für Personen, die an den Themenbereichen Jugendpolitik und Jugendarbeit interessiert sind, übersichtlich aufbereitete Zahlen, die die Situation junger Menschen im Alter von 0 bis 30 Jahren in Österreich darstellen und Trends sichtbar machen. Aus den Bereichen Bevölkerungsstatistik, Migration, Bildung und Ausbildung, Medien/Internetnutzung, Arbeitswelt sowie Gesundheit und Lebensbedingungen sind die wichtigsten jugendrelevanten Eckdaten in diesem Heft zusammengefasst.
Figure S5 from A new mechanistic model of weather-dependent Septoria tritici blotch disease risk
Creators: name: Chaloner, Thomas M.
name: Fones, Helen N.
name: Varun Varma
name: Bebber, Daniel P.
name: Gurr, Sarah J.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: We present a new mechanistic model for predicting Septoria tritici blotch (STB) disease, parametrized with experimentally derived data for temperature- and wetness-dependent germination, growth and death of the causal agent, Zymoseptoria tritici. The output of this model (A) was compared to observed disease data for UK wheat over the period 2002–2016. In addition, we compared the output of a second model (B), in which experimentally derived parameters were replaced by a modified version of a published Z. tritici thermal performance equation, to the same observed disease data. Neither model predicted observed annual disease, but model A was able to differentiate UK regions with differing average disease risks over the entire period. The greatest limitations of both models are: broad spatial resolution of the climate data, and lack of host parameters. Model B is further limited by its lack of explicitly defined pathogen death, leading to a cumulative overestimation of disease over the course of the growing season. Comparison of models A and B demonstrates the importance of accounting for the temperature-dependency of pathogen processes important in the initiation and progression of disease. However, effective modelling of STB will probably require similar experimentally derived parameters for host and environmental factors, completing the disease triangle.This article is part of the theme issue ‘Detection, forecasting and control of infectious disease epidemics: modelling outbreaks in humans, animals and plants Part 1’.
A AUTONOMIA DA MULHER DURANTE O TRABALHO DE PARTO
Creators: name: DARZE, OMAR ISMAIL SANTOS PEREIRA
name: Thaís Nathále Oliveira Vilela
name: Amorim, Caroline Caldas Lopes
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Autonomia, Humanização, Assistência ao parto, Boas práticas, Saúde da mulher

description: Estudo procurou avaliar a autonomia da mulher durante o trabalho de parto. Se realizou um estudo transversal descritivo com abordagem qualiquantitativa composto por 317 puérperas assistidas em uma maternidade pública buscando informações sobre o respeito a seus direitos durante o parto e sua participação nas decisões
Restricted Expression of G86R Cu/Zn Superoxide Dismutase in Astrocytes Results in Astrocytosis But Does Not Cause Motoneuron Degeneration
Creators: name: Snider, William D.
name: Andreeva, Albina
name: Gong, Yun H.
name: Parsadanian, Alexander S.
name: Elliott, Jeffrey L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2000

description: Evidence garnered from both human autopsy studies and genetic animal models has suggested a potential role for astrocytes in the pathogenesis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Currently, mutations in the gene encoding Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD1) represent the only known cause of motoneuron loss in the disease, producing 21q linked familial ALS (FALS). To determine whether astrocytic dysfunction has a primary role in familial ALS, we have generated multiple lines of transgenic mice expressing G86R mutant SOD1 restricted to astrocytes. In GFAP-m SOD1 mice, astrocytes exhibit significant hypertrophy and increased GFAP reactivity as the animals mature. However, GFAP-mutant SOD1 transgenic mice develop normally and do not experience spontaneous motor deficits with increasing age. Histological examination of spinal cord in aged GFAP-mSOD1 mice reveals normal motoneuron and microglial morphology. These results indicate that 21q linked FALS is not a primary disorder of astrocytes, and that expression of mutant SOD1 restricted to astrocytes is not sufficient to cause motoneuron degeneration
(1354) Elijah Outhwaite
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Isolelectronic apparatus to probe the thermal Casimir force
Creators: name: Bimonte, Giuseppe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Isoelectronic differential force measurements provide a unique opportunity to probe controversial features of the thermal Casimir effect, that are still much debated in the current literature. Isolectronic setups offer two major advantages over conventional Casimir setups. On one hand they are immune from electrostatic forces caused by potential patches on the plates surfaces, that plague present Casimir experiments especially for separations in the micron range. On the other hand they can strongly enhance the discrepancy between alternative theoretical models that have been proposed to estimate the thermal Casimir force for metallic and magnetic surfaces. Thanks to these two features, isoelectronic differential experiments should allow to establish conclusively which among these models correctly describes the thermal Casimir force.
description: 10 pages, 8 encapsulated figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1410.4476
(1355) Hannah Smith
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Supersymmetric quantum mechanics on the lattice: III. Simulations and algorithms
Creators: name: Baumgartner, David
name: Wenger, Urs
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the fermion loop formulation the contributions to the partition function naturally separate into topological equivalence classes with a definite sign. This separation forms the basis for an efficient fermion simulation algorithm using a fluctuating open fermion string. It guarantees sufficient tunnelling between the topological sectors, and hence provides a solution to the fermion sign problem affecting systems with broken supersymmetry. Moreover, the algorithm shows no critical slowing down even in the massless limit and can hence handle the massless Goldstino mode emerging in the supersymmetry broken phase. In this paper -- the third in a series of three -- we present the details of the simulation algorithm and demonstrate its efficiency by means of a few examples.
description: 21 pages, 10 figures; typos in text corrected
Aleurodiscus tropicus L. D. Dai & S. H. He
Creators: name: Yang, Lu Wang Xin
name: Zhao, Changlin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Fungi
Basidiomycota
Agaricomycetes
Russulales
Stereaceae
Aleurodiscus
Aleurodiscus tropicus

description: 5. Aleurodiscus tropicus L.D. Dai & S.H. He,
in Dai, Wu, Nakasone, Burdsall & He, Mycoscience 58(3): 215 (2017). White rot in a broad-leaved forest. Ailaoshan National Nature Reserve, Jingdong County, Puer, Yunnan Province, China, on a dead Bamboo, 4 October 2017, CLZhao 4039.
description: Published as part of Yang, Lu Wang Xin & Zhao, Changlin, 2024, The wood-decaying fungal diversity unveiled by morphology and phylogeny in Ailaoshan Mountain, Yunnan, China, pp. 1-30 in Phytotaxa 661 (1) on page 12, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.661.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/13218270
Excited state intramolecular proton transfer as a consequence of excited state aromaticity changes
Creators: name: Rai, Arzoo
name: Ghosh, Samudro
name: Kediya, Siddhi
name: Ghosh, Sayan
name: Manhas, Anu
name: Jha, Prakash C.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2025
Subjects: Biophysics
Biochemistry
Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Neuroscience
Biotechnology
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Cancer

description: In the present work, DFT/TD-DFT methods have been implemented to study the theoretical concept of how a change in aromaticity supports the presence of the ESIPT process. The representative molecule used was 2,2’-bipyridyl-3,3’-diol-5,5’-dicarboxylic acid ethyl ester (BP(OH)2DCEt), consisting of a double proton transfer via (N–H) intramolecular hydrogen bonding. The solvent effect on the ESIPT process was also investigated with the help of polar Water (H2O) and non-polar Cyclohexane (CYH) solvent. It was observed that intramolecular hydrogen bonding was strengthening in the S1 state, which was more prominent for polar solvents. MCI aromaticity index explained the decrease in stability of molecules upon excitation. Further charge redistribution, NICS(1)zz analysis and HOMA index of the molecule reinforced the occurrence of the ESIPT process supported by the aromatic behaviour of the molecule. Furthermore, the stability of the molecule in S0 and S1 states as enol and keto form respectively was confirmed by PES plots.
Retroviral Inhibition of cAMP-Dependent Protein Kinase Inhibits Myelination But Not Schwann Cell Mitosis Stimulated by Interaction with Neurons
Creators: name: Howe, Douglas G.
name: McCarthy, Ken D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2000

description: Schwann cells are the myelinating glia of the peripheral nervous system. Neuron-Schwann cell contact profoundly affects several aspects of Schwann cell phenotype, including stimulation of mitosis and myelin formation. Many reports suggest that neuronal contact exerts this influence on Schwann cells by elevating Schwann cell cAMP and activating cAMP-dependent protein kinase A (PKA). To elucidate the importance of Schwann cell PKA in neuronal stimulation of Schwann cell mitosis and myelination, the gene encoding the PKA inhibitory protein RIalphaAB or PKIEGFP was delivered to Schwann cells using retroviral vectors. PKA inhibitory retroviral vectors effectively blocked forskolin-stimulated Schwann cell mitosis and morphological change, demonstrating the ability of the vectors to inhibit PKA in infected Schwann cells. Treatment of dorsal root ganglia neuron-Schwann cell cocultures with H-89 (10 microm) or KT5720 (1-10 microm), chemical inhibitors selective for PKA, significantly inhibited neuronal stimulation of Schwann cell mitosis. In contrast, retrovirus-mediated inhibition of Schwann cell PKA had no effect on the ability of neurons to stimulate Schwann cell mitosis. However, markedly fewer myelin segments were formed by Schwann cells expressing PKA inhibitory proteins compared with controls. These results suggest that activation of Schwann cell PKA is required for myelin formation but not for Schwann cell mitosis stimulated by interaction with neurons.
(1356) Joseph Smith
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Real-time evolution of the buckled Stone-Wales defect in graphene
Creators: name: Openov, L. A.
name: Podlivaev, A. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dynamics of the buckled Stone-Wales defect in graphene is studied by means of computer simulation. Thermally activated switching between two degenerate sine-wave-like configurations of the defect is traced in real time. Transition trajectory is found to be rather complex and pass through a multitude of near-planar, wave-like, and irregular configurations. Surprisingly, the switching time fluctuates strongly and can be up to an order of magnitude longer or shorter than the value given by the Arrhenius formula. This is due to a peculiar shape of the potential relief in the neighborhood of sine-wave-like configurations and, as a result, the occurrence of two radically different characteristic times.
description: 17 pages, 5 figures
Figure S2 from A new mechanistic model of weather-dependent Septoria tritici blotch disease risk.
Creators: name: Chaloner, Thomas M.
name: Fones, Helen N.
name: Varun Varma
name: Bebber, Daniel P.
name: Gurr, Sarah J.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: We present a new mechanistic model for predicting Septoria tritici blotch (STB) disease, parameterized with experimentally derived data for temperature- and wetness-dependent germination, growth and death of the causal agent, Zymoseptoria tritici. The output of this model (A) was compared with observed disease data for UK wheat over the period 2002–2016. In addition, we compared the output of a second model (B), in which experimentally derived parameters were replaced by a modified version of a published Z. tritici thermal performance equation, with the same observed disease data. Neither model predicted observed annual disease, but model A was able to differentiate UK regions with differing average disease risks over the entire period. The greatest limitations of both models are: broad spatial resolution of the climate data, and lack of host parameters. Model B is further limited by its lack of explicitly defined pathogen death, leading to a cumulative overestimation of disease over the course of the growing season. Comparison of models A and B demonstrates the importance of accounting for the temperature-dependency of pathogen processes important in the initiation and progression of disease. However, effective modelling of STB will probably require similar experimentally derived parameters for host and environmental factors, completing the disease triangle.This article is part of the theme issue ‘Detection, forecasting and control of infectious disease epidemics: modelling outbreaks in humans, animals and plants Part 1’.
Figure S4 from A new mechanistic model of weather-dependent Septoria tritici blotch disease risk
Creators: name: Chaloner, Thomas M.
name: Fones, Helen N.
name: Varun Varma
name: Bebber, Daniel P.
name: Gurr, Sarah J.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: We present a new mechanistic model for predicting Septoria tritici blotch (STB) disease, parametrized with experimentally derived data for temperature- and wetness-dependent germination, growth and death of the causal agent, Zymoseptoria tritici. The output of this model (A) was compared to observed disease data for UK wheat over the period 2002–2016. In addition, we compared the output of a second model (B), in which experimentally derived parameters were replaced by a modified version of a published Z. tritici thermal performance equation, to the same observed disease data. Neither model predicted observed annual disease, but model A was able to differentiate UK regions with differing average disease risks over the entire period. The greatest limitations of both models are: broad spatial resolution of the climate data, and lack of host parameters. Model B is further limited by its lack of explicitly defined pathogen death, leading to a cumulative overestimation of disease over the course of the growing season. Comparison of models A and B demonstrates the importance of accounting for the temperature-dependency of pathogen processes important in the initiation and progression of disease. However, effective modelling of STB will probably require similar experimentally derived parameters for host and environmental factors, completing the disease triangle.This article is part of the theme issue ‘Detection, forecasting and control of infectious disease epidemics: modelling outbreaks in humans, animals and plants Part 1’.
Alloexidiopsis yunnanensis L. W. Zhou & S. L. Liu, Frontiers
Creators: name: Yang, Lu Wang Xin
name: Zhao, Changlin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Fungi
Basidiomycota
Agaricomycetes
Auriculariales
Auriculariaceae
Alloexidiopsis
Alloexidiopsis yunnanensis

description: 6. Alloexidiopsis yunnanensis (C.L. Zhao) L.W. Zhou & S.L. Liu, Frontiers
in Microbiology 13 (no. 894641): 9 (2022). White rot in a broad-leaved forest. Jinshan Forest Park, Xinping County, Yuxi, Yunnan Province, China, on a fallen trunk of angiosperm, 2 January 2019, CLZhao 9200; Ailaoshan National Nature Reserve, Jingdong County, Puer, Yunnan Province, China, on a fallen trunk of angiosperm, 4 October 2017, CLZhao 4023.
description: Published as part of Yang, Lu Wang Xin & Zhao, Changlin, 2024, The wood-decaying fungal diversity unveiled by morphology and phylogeny in Ailaoshan Mountain, Yunnan, China, pp. 1-30 in Phytotaxa 661 (1) on page 12, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.661.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/13218270
(1358) Rebecca [Outhwaite]
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
The Transmembrane Protein Semaphorin 6A Repels Embryonic Sympathetic Axons
Creators: name: Ng, Sheldon
name: Xu, Xiao Mei
name: White, Fletcher A.
name: Fisher, Daniel A.
name: Zhou, Lijuan
name: Snidpper, William D.
name: Luo, Yuling
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2000

description: Semaphorin 6A (Sema6A) (previously named Semaphorin VIa) is the originally described member of the vertebrate semaphorin class 6, a group of transmembrane semaphorins homologous to the insect semaphorin class 1. Although Sema-1a (previously named semaphorin I) has been implicated in axon guidance in insects, the function of Sema6A is currently unknown. We have expressed the extracellular domain of Sema6A in mammalian cells as either a monomeric or a dimeric fusion protein and tested for potential axon guidance effects on two populations of embryonic neurons in growth cone collapse and collagen matrix chemorepulsion assays. Sema6A was observed to induce growth cone collapse of sympathetic neurons with an EC50 of approximately 200 pM, although a 10-fold higher (EC50 of approximately 2 nM) concentration was necessary to induce growth cone collapse of dorsal root ganglion neurons. The activity of Sema6A is likely to depend on protein dimerization or oligomerization. Although Sema6A mRNA is expressed in complex patterns during embryonic development, it is strikingly absent from sympathetic ganglia. Sema6A is, however, expressed in areas avoided by sympathetic axons and in areas innervated by sympathetics, but before their arrival. Our results demonstrate that transmembrane semaphorins, like the secreted ones, can act as repulsive axon guidance cues. Our findings are consistent with a role for Sema6A in channeling sympathetic axons into the sympathetic chains and controlling the temporal sequence of sympathetic target innervation.
Figure S3 from A new mechanistic model of weather-dependent Septoria tritici blotch disease risk
Creators: name: Chaloner, Thomas M.
name: Fones, Helen N.
name: Varun Varma
name: Bebber, Daniel P.
name: Gurr, Sarah J.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: We present a new mechanistic model for predicting Septoria tritici blotch (STB) disease, parametrized with experimentally derived data for temperature- and wetness-dependent germination, growth and death of the causal agent, Zymoseptoria tritici. The output of this model (A) was compared to observed disease data for UK wheat over the period 2002–2016. In addition, we compared the output of a second model (B), in which experimentally derived parameters were replaced by a modified version of a published Z. tritici thermal performance equation, to the same observed disease data. Neither model predicted observed annual disease, but model A was able to differentiate UK regions with differing average disease risks over the entire period. The greatest limitations of both models are: broad spatial resolution of the climate data, and lack of host parameters. Model B is further limited by its lack of explicitly defined pathogen death, leading to a cumulative overestimation of disease over the course of the growing season. Comparison of models A and B demonstrates the importance of accounting for the temperature-dependency of pathogen processes important in the initiation and progression of disease. However, effective modelling of STB will probably require similar experimentally derived parameters for host and environmental factors, completing the disease triangle.This article is part of the theme issue ‘Detection, forecasting and control of infectious disease epidemics: modelling outbreaks in humans, animals and plants Part 1’.
Supplementary Materials & Methods from A new mechanistic model of weather-dependent Septoria tritici blotch disease risk.
Creators: name: Chaloner, Thomas M.
name: Fones, Helen N.
name: Varun Varma
name: Bebber, Daniel P.
name: Gurr, Sarah J.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: We present a new mechanistic model for predicting Septoria tritici blotch (STB) disease, parameterized with experimentally derived data for temperature- and wetness-dependent germination, growth and death of the causal agent, Zymoseptoria tritici. The output of this model (A) was compared with observed disease data for UK wheat over the period 2002–2016. In addition, we compared the output of a second model (B), in which experimentally derived parameters were replaced by a modified version of a published Z. tritici thermal performance equation, with the same observed disease data. Neither model predicted observed annual disease, but model A was able to differentiate UK regions with differing average disease risks over the entire period. The greatest limitations of both models are: broad spatial resolution of the climate data, and lack of host parameters. Model B is further limited by its lack of explicitly defined pathogen death, leading to a cumulative overestimation of disease over the course of the growing season. Comparison of models A and B demonstrates the importance of accounting for the temperature-dependency of pathogen processes important in the initiation and progression of disease. However, effective modelling of STB will probably require similar experimentally derived parameters for host and environmental factors, completing the disease triangle.This article is part of the theme issue ‘Detection, forecasting and control of infectious disease epidemics: modelling outbreaks in humans, animals and plants Part 1’.