cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Are Tidal Effects Responsible for Exoplanetary Spin-Orbit Alignment?
Creators: name: Li, Gongjie
name: Winn, Joshua N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The obliquities of planet-hosting stars are clues about the formation of planetary systems. Previous observations led to the hypothesis that for close-in giant planets, spin-orbit alignment is enforced by tidal interactions. Here, we examine two problems with this hypothesis. First, Mazeh and coworkers recently used a new technique -- based on the amplitude of starspot-induced photometric variability -- to conclude that spin-orbit alignment is common even for relatively long-period planets, which would not be expected if tides were responsible. We re-examine the data and find a statistically significant correlation between photometric variability and planetary orbital period that is qualitatively consistent with tidal interactions. However it is still difficult to explain quantitatively, as it would require tides to be effective for periods as long as tens of days. Second, Rogers and Lin argued against a particular theory for tidal re-alignment by showing that initially retrograde systems would fail to be re-aligned, in contradiction with the observed prevalence of prograde systems. We investigate a simple model that overcomes this problem by taking into account the dissipation of inertial waves and the equilibrium tide, as well as magnetic braking. We identify a region of parameter space where re-alignment can be achieved, but it only works for close-in giant planets, and requires some fine tuning. Thus, while we find both problems to be more nuanced than they first appeared, the tidal model still has serious shortcomings.
description: 12 pages, 9 figures. Accepted for publication in ApJ
The Secondary Impacts of Rural Water System Installation
Creators: name: McKinnon, Janet E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1979

description: Rural water systems have been welcomed by many North Carolina citizens seeking a dependable source of high quality water. There is a growing concern, however, that the installation of rural water systems may induce sprawl development with negative social, environmental, and fiscal repercussions for rural areas. This report examines the relationships between public investments and rural growth, and then analyses the potential impacts induced by that growth. It assumes that explicit consideration of secondary impacts during preproject evaluation will help avoid undesired and unplanned outcomes of rural capital improvements.
Quantum annealing via environment-mediated quantum diffusion
Creators: name: Smelyanskiy, Vadim N.
name: Venturelli, Davide
name: Perdomo-Ortiz, Alejandro
name: Knysh, Sergey
name: Dykman, Mark I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that quantum diffusion near the quantum critical point can provide a highly very efficient mechanism of open-system quantum annealing. It is based on the diffusion-mediated recombination of excitations. For an Ising spin chain coupled to a bosonic bath, excitation diffusion in a transverse field sharply slows down as the system moves away from the quantum critical region. This leads to spatial correlations and effective freezing of the excitation density. We find that obtaining an approximate solution via the diffusion-mediated quantum annealing can be faster than via closed-system quantum annealing or Glauber dynamics.
description: 4.5 pages of main text, 3.5 pages of Supplementary Material, 1 Figure, replacement contains minor corrections
Individual vs. Measure Variance in Overprecision (IMO)
Creators: name: Hale, Randall
name: Moore, Don
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Personality and Social Contexts
subject: Cognitive Psychology
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: We will examine how several measures of precision (confidence) in judgement correlate with each other and with individual difference measures of humility and narcissism.
Graph coverings and twisted operators
Creators: name: Cimasoni, David
name: Kassel, Adrien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 05C30, 05C50, 82B20

description: Given a graph and a representation of its fundamental group, there is a naturally associated twisted adjacency operator. The main result of this article is the fact that these operators behave in a controlled way under graph covering maps. When such an operator can be used to enumerate objects, or compute a partition function, this has concrete implications on the corresponding enumeration problem, or statistical mechanics model. For example, we show that if $\widetildeΓ$ is a finite connected covering graph of a graph $Γ$ endowed with edge-weights $x=\{x_e\}_e$, then the spanning tree partition function of $Γ$ divides the one of $\widetildeΓ$ in the ring $\mathbb{Z}[x]$. Several other consequences are obtained, some known, others new.
description: several changes in v2, including a shorter proof of the main result; to appear in ALCO; v2 also contains an addendum not included in the version in press
Low Wages and Industrial Development: North Carolina's Economic Predicament
Creators: name: Vass, Tom
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1979

description: In a recent book on the role that economic theory plays in the development of public policy, John Kenneth Galbraith (1973:7) suggested that the prevailing economic thought in America tends to serve the instrumental purposes of the most powerful economic organizations in society. Galbraith explained that there did not seem to be either formal collusion or covert alliances between powerful economic interests and proponents of the current economic dogma, rather he said that it just so happens "that the image of an earlier society serves admirably the instrumental purposes of a later one. ...What seems like a decent intellectual conservatism became powerful support to economic interests" (Galbraith, 1973:8). During the twentieth century, governors of North Carolina have used a variant of contemporary economic theory to justify a public policy of recruiting outside capital, in the form of manufacturing plants, to the State in an effort to alleviate the social problems of unemployment and poverty. While expressing optimism in the ultimate success of this public policy, the governors of North Carolina have also expressed considerable concern over the State's continuing low per capita income and low hourly industrial wage ranking relative to other states.
A partial converse ghost lemma for the derived category of a commutative noetherian ring
Creators: name: Liu, Jian
name: Pollitz, Josh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 18E30 (primary), 13B30, 16E45 (secondary)

description: In this article a condition is given to detect the containment among thick subcategories of the bounded derived category of a commutative noetherian ring. More precisely, for a commutative noetherian ring $R$ and complexes of $R$-modules with finitely generated homology $M$ and $N$, we show $N$ is in the thick subcategory generated by $M$ if and only if the ghost index of $N_\mathfrak{p}$ with respect to $M_\mathfrak{p}$ is finite for each prime $\mathfrak{p}$ of $R$. To do so, we establish a "converse coghost lemma" for the bounded derived category of a non-negatively graded DG algebra with noetherian homology.
description: 10 pages, comments welcome
Stability of Rankin-Selberg gamma factors for $\textrm{Sp}(2n)$, $\widetilde{ \textrm{Sp}}(2n)$ and $\textrm{U}(n,n)$
Creators: name: Zhang, Qing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11F70, 22E50

description: Let $F$ be a $p$-adic field and $E/F$ be a quadratic extension. In this paper, we prove the stability of Rankin-Selberg gamma factors for $\textrm{Sp}_{2n}(F)$, $\widetilde {\textrm{Sp}}_{2n}(F)$ and $\textrm{U}_{E/F}(n,n)$ when the characteristic of the residue field of $F$ is not $2$.
description: version 2, fixed an error in the proof of Proposition 3.6; added the metaplectic case
A Review on Deep Learning in UAV Remote Sensing
Creators: name: Osco, Lucas Prado
name: Junior, José Marcato
name: Ramos, Ana Paula Marques
name: Jorge, Lúcio André de Castro
name: Fatholahi, Sarah Narges
name: Silva, Jonathan de Andrade
name: Matsubara, Edson Takashi
name: Pistori, Hemerson
name: Gonçalves, Wesley Nunes
name: Li, Jonathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) learn representation from data with an impressive capability, and brought important breakthroughs for processing images, time-series, natural language, audio, video, and many others. In the remote sensing field, surveys and literature revisions specifically involving DNNs algorithms' applications have been conducted in an attempt to summarize the amount of information produced in its subfields. Recently, Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) based applications have dominated aerial sensing research. However, a literature revision that combines both "deep learning" and "UAV remote sensing" thematics has not yet been conducted. The motivation for our work was to present a comprehensive review of the fundamentals of Deep Learning (DL) applied in UAV-based imagery. We focused mainly on describing classification and regression techniques used in recent applications with UAV-acquired data. For that, a total of 232 papers published in international scientific journal databases was examined. We gathered the published material and evaluated their characteristics regarding application, sensor, and technique used. We relate how DL presents promising results and has the potential for processing tasks associated with UAV-based image data. Lastly, we project future perspectives, commentating on prominent DL paths to be explored in the UAV remote sensing field. Our revision consists of a friendly-approach to introduce, commentate, and summarize the state-of-the-art in UAV-based image applications with DNNs algorithms in diverse subfields of remote sensing, grouping it in the environmental, urban, and agricultural contexts.
description: 27 pages, 10 figures
Inferring Planet Mass from Spiral Structures in Protoplanetary Disks
Creators: name: Fung, Jeffrey
name: Dong, Ruobing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent observations of protoplanetary disk have reported spiral structures that are potential signatures of embedded planets, and modeling efforts have shown that a single planet can excite multiple spiral arms, in contrast to conventional disk-planet interaction theory. Using two and three-dimensional hydrodynamics simulations to perform a systematic parameter survey, we confirm the existence of multiple spiral arms in disks with a single planet, and discover a scaling relation between the azimuthal separation of the primary and secondary arm, $ϕ_{\rm sep}$, and the planet-to-star mass ratio $q$: $ϕ_{\rm sep} = 102^{\circ} (q/0.001)^{0.2}$ for companions between Neptune mass and 16 Jupiter masses around a 1 solar mass star, and $ϕ_{\rm sep} = 180^{\circ}$ for brown dwarf mass companions. This relation is independent of the disk's temperature, and can be used to infer a planet's mass to within an accuracy of about 30% given only the morphology of a face-on disk. Combining hydrodynamics and Monte-Carlo radiative transfer calculations, we verify that our numerical measurements of $ϕ_{\rm sep}$ are accurate representations of what would be measured in near-infrared scattered light images, such as those expected to be taken by Gemini/GPI, VLT/SPHERE, or Subaru/SCExAO in the future. Finally, we are able to infer, using our scaling relation, that the planet responsible for the spiral structure in SAO 206462 has a mass of about 6 Jupiter masses.
description: Accepted to ApJ Letter
Where do Local Governments Fit into an Energy Conservation Strategy?
Creators: name: Harrington, Winston
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1977

description: It has been nearly three years since the Arab Oil Embargo awakened the nation to a crisis in energy. Still, a consistent national energy policy has not emerged. No doubt, this has been due in part to a relaxation of the short-term crisis atmosphere; but primarily it can be attributed to the enormous complexity of the energy issue. There is so much we yet do not know, that the evolution of policy may take many more years. There are three broad areas where local government intervention can affect energy conservation. These include: (1) emergency allocation of fuels; (2) information and exhortation; and (3) policies which may influence individual energy consumption.
The Development Innovation of Local towards the Smart City for Improving the People’s Quality of Life in the Municipal Service Area, Lower Northeastern Region
Creators: name: Pimlada Theeramonpraneet
Publisher: name: DR.KEN Institute of Academic Development and Promotion
Year: 2023
Subjects: Innovation
Smart city
Quality of life
Municipality

description: Interdisciplinary Academic and Research Journal, 3, 2, 163-182
MWK Model for Administration, Mathayom Wat Klang Kosum School under TFE (Teams For Education) Project, Mahasarakham Province
Creators: name: Nilrat Kota
Publisher: name: DR.KEN Institute of Academic Development and Promotion
Year: 2023
Subjects: Administration
MWK Model for Administration
TFE (Teams For Education) Project

description: Interdisciplinary Academic and Research Journal, 3, 1, 183-202
The chromatic profile of locally colourable graphs
Creators: name: Illingworth, Freddie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C15, 05C35

description: The classical Andrásfai-Erdős-Sós theorem considers the chromatic number of $K_{r + 1}$-free graphs with large minimum degree, and in the case $r = 2$ says that any $n$-vertex triangle-free graph with minimum degree greater than $2/5 \cdot n$ is bipartite. This began the study of the chromatic profile of triangle-free graphs: for each $k$, what minimum degree guarantees that a triangle-free graph is $k$-colourable? The profile has been extensively studied and was finally determined by Brandt and Thomassé. Triangle-free graphs are exactly those in which each neighbourhood is one-colourable. As a natural variant, Łuczak and Thomassé introduced the notion of a locally bipartite graph in which each neighbourhood is 2-colourable. Here we study the chromatic profile of the family of graphs in which every neighbourhood is $b$-colourable (locally $b$-partite graphs) as well as the family where the common neighbourhood of every $a$-clique is $b$-colourable. Our results include the chromatic thresholds of these families as well as showing that every $n$-vertex locally $b$-partite graph with minimum degree greater than $(1 - 1/(b + 1/7)) \cdot n$ is $(b + 1)$-colourable. Understanding these locally colourable graphs is crucial for extending the Andrásfai-Erdős-Sós theorem to non-complete graphs, which we develop elsewhere.
description: 34 pages, 18 figures. Final version. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2012.10409
Book Reviews: Sales Taxation: State and Local Structure and Administration; the American Planner: Biographies and Recollections
Creators: name: Bollens, Scott
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1983

description: Book review of the following: SALES TAXATION: STATE AND LOCAL STRUCTURE AND ADMINISTRATION: During the 1983 Legislative session, the North Carolina General Assembly passed an additional one-half cent local sales tax for all the counties in the state. The majority of the expected revenue from the sales tax is earmarked for the capital costs of education and water facilities. The General Assembly's authorization of this new tax highlights the increasing importance of sales tax revenue in state and local government budgets. Since the sales tax revenue is becoming more necessary to local governments, planners and government officials need to be better informed about the effect and uses of sales taxes. John F. Due and John L. Mikesell's new book. Sales Taxation: State and Local Structure and Administration , is an excellent source of information because it is a detailed survey and analysis of the structure and operation of state and local sales taxes. THE AMERICAN PLANNER: BIOGRAPHIES AND RECOLLECTIONS: In his introduction to this historical compilation, Kreuckeberg states that his book is not a sentimental regret about a lost world, but rather an opportunity for planners to review their commitments, and extend their sense of company. The old adage about "learning from the past" is resurrected, as often is the case in planning history books. The view here is that within current decreased planning activity there is a search for new direction, and that this search for how and why planners proceed is more important than where they go from here. Today's planners, so often lost in day-to-day responsibilities, can benefit by turning to history because it reminds them that the past was often very different from today: not routine. Although Kreuckeberg is guilty of glorifying the achievements of the past and downgrading the current ability of planners to affect contemporary society, this descriptive journey through the lives of famous planners is a valuable contribution to a profession which has searched endlessly for its identity.
Relationship Between the Time Taken for Online Test and Test Scores of MER 2003 Introduction to Statistics and Research in Education
Creators: name: Roongporn Klyprayong
Publisher: name: DR.KEN Institute of Academic Development and Promotion.
Year: 2023
Subjects: Time Taken for Online Test
Test Scores

description: Interdisciplinary Academic and Research Journal, 3, 1, 203-210
The Impact of Urban Boundaries on Mass Transit: A Lesson for Atlanta?
Creators: name: Frankel, Allison
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2000

description: Ideas for increasing the effectiveness of mass transit arc constantly emerging. Arc there circumstances favoring transit programs in one city compared to another urban area? Indeed, the factors behind the failure of some transit programs and the success of others are not easily generalized. However, constraints on urban expansion and increased densities observed in areas with these constraints are at least two factors that favor transit. This paper uses four case studies to examine the effectiveness of mass transit in cities or urban areas where expansion is limited by growth boundaries, either politically or geographically imposed. The lessons learned from these examples then will be examined in relation to the Atlanta region, which has no physical constraints on urban expansion as well as lower rates of transit ridership.
Book Reviews: Municipal Government in North Carolina; from Currituck to Calabash: Living with North Carolina's Barrier Islands; Megatrends: Ten New Directions Transforming Our Lives
Creators: name: McLelland, Joseph W.
name: Shaw, Carol
name: Bishop, Chris
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1983

description: Book reviews of: MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENT IN NORTH CAROLINA: What is the most prevalent form of municipal government in North Carolina? Which North Carolina statute allows cities to budget and expend revenues? Must municipal budgets be balanced? Can cities levy property taxes for mass transit or public housing? The answers to these and other questions can be easily found in Municipal Government in North Carolina. The book is edited by David M. Lawrence and Warren J. Wicker, professors of Public Law and Government at the Institute of Government, and it is intended to be a reference guide to North Carolina city government. In addition, it offers a framework for administrative organization of cities and towns. FROM CURRITUCK TO CALABASH: LIVING WITH NORTH CAROLINA'S BARRIER ISLANDS: In recent years, the North Carolina coastline has undergone massive development. Higher incomes, more leisure, and the absence of major hurricanes have led to widespead, often dangerous construction. The authors of From Currituck to Calabash seek to provide a guide for "proper, limited development" of the North Carolina barrier islands. This volume is the first of a series entitled Living with the Shore, which will eventually provide guidance to development of the shorelines of all states bordering the oceans and Great Lakes. MEGATRENDS: TEN NEW DIRECTIONS TRANSFORMING OUR LIVES: City planners constantly search for new information which will help them anticipate and influence the future. Megatrends , written by John Naisbitt, features ten national social trends that are changing American life.
Orbits of $Z \circ (2.O_8^+(2).2)$ in Dimension 8
Creators: name: Lübeck, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Groups of structure $2.O_8^+(2)$ have an irreducible representation of degree $8$ which can be realized over $\mathbb{Z}$ and any prime field $\mathbb{F}_p$. This representation extends to a group of structure $2.O_8^+(2).2$. Any subgroup $Z \leq \mathbb{F}_p^{\times}$ acts by scalar multiplication on this module over $\mathbb{F}_p$. In this short note we determine for which primes $p > 7$ and which $Z$ the central products $Z \circ (2.O_8^+(2)$ and $Z \circ (2.O_8^+(2).2)$ have a regular orbit on the $8$-dimensional $\mathbb{F}_p$-module. This work was triggered by an omission in the paper by Köhler and Pahlings with title 'Regular Orbits and the $k(GV)$-Problem', a paper which is used in various places in work on the $k(GV)$-problem.
Ageism towards younger workers: a scoping review
Creators: name: Schmitz, Susana
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Business
subject: Industrial and Organizational Psychology
subject: Human Resources Management
subject: Social Psychology
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Ageism
subject: Scoping Review
subject: Workplace
subject: Younger workers

description: Authors Susana Schmitz (1), David Patient (2), Miriam Rosa (3), Christin-Melanie Vauclair (4), Carla Sofia Esteves (5). (1) Instituto Universitário de Lisboa (ISCTE-IUL), CIS-IUL/Católica-Lisbon School of Business and Economics, Lisboa, Portugal, susana_schmitz@iscte-iul.pt (2) Vlerick Business School, Brussels, Belgium, david.patient@vlerick.com (3) Instituto Universitário de Lisboa (ISCTE-IUL), CIS-IUL, Lisboa, Portugal, miriam.rosa@iscte-iul.pt (4) Instituto Universitário de Lisboa (ISCTE-IUL), CIS-IUL, Lisboa, Portugal, melanie.vauclair@iscte-iul.pt (5) Católica-Lisbon School of Business and Economics, Lisboa, Portugal, csesteves@ucp.pt Abstract Objective: The objective of this scoping review is to examine the literature about ageism directed towards younger workers. We intend to gain insight on the antecedents and consequences of ageism towards younger workers, as well as the manifestation of work-related ageism and the main theories used to approach/investigate ageism towards this population. Introduction: Previous research and literature reviews on ageism focus predominantly on prejudice, stereotyping and discrimination against older workers, despite studies indicating that younger workers are also discriminated against. Age-based discrimination can have detrimental effects for younger workers in terms of wellbeing and career outcomes, which reinforces the importance of comprehensively reviewing and summarizing the research in this domain. Inclusion criteria: This review focuses on younger workers, from all sectors of activity or professional backgrounds. Empirical studies, reviews and theoretical papers in English published after 1969, examining ageism against younger workers in peer-reviewed articles will be eligible for inclusion. Methods: The scoping review methodology will follow the framework outlined by Arksey and O’Malley (2005), which includes the following key phases: (1) identifying the research question(s), (2) identifying relevant studies, (3) study selection, (4) charting the data, and (5) collating, summarizing, and reporting the results. Electronic resources in Education and Psychology, Social Sciences and in Business and Economics will be searched in the databases Web of science, Scopus and EBSCO host. Information will be summarized and reported in accordance with PRISMA-ScR reporting standards (Tricco et al., 2018).
Polarization Evolution of Early Optical Afterglows of Gamma-Ray Bursts
Creators: name: Lan, Mi-Xiang
name: Wu, Xue-Feng
name: Dai, Zi-Gao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The central engine and jet composition of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) remain mysterious. Here we suggest that observations on polarization evolution of early optical afterglows may shed light on these questions. We first study the dynamics of a reverse shock and a forward shock that are generated during the interaction of a relativistic jet and its ambient medium. The jet is likely magnetized with a globally large-scale magnetic field from the central engine. The existence of the reverse shock requires that the magnetization degree of the jet should not be high ($σ\leq 1$), so that the jet is mainly composed of baryons and leptons. We then calculate the light curve and polarization evolution of an early optical afterglow, and find that when the polarization position angle changes by $90^\circ$ during the early afterglow, the polarization degree is zero for a toroidal magnetic field but is very likely to be non-zero for an aligned magnetic field. This result would be expected to provide a probe for the central engine of GRBs, because an aligned field configuration could originate from a magnetar central engine and a toroidal field configuration could be produced from a black hole via the Blandford-Znajek mechanism. Finally, for such two kinds of magnetic field configurations, we fit the observed data of the early optical afterglow of GRB 120308A equally well.
description: 10 pages, 12 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Book Review: Edible Estates: Attack on the Front Lawn
Creators: name: Wooley, Megan
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: In light of Americans’ increasing awareness of environmental issues, many have started to take a critical look at the way in which natural resources are used. One staple of American life which has recently come under attack is the front lawn. In Edible Estates, architect and designer Fritz Haeg proclaims the front lawn to be a harmful element of the American landscape. In his view, lawns are unproductive consumers of water and other resources, requiring harmful practices such as the spreading of chemical fertilizers and the use of fuel-powered lawnmowers and weed-eaters. As an alternative, Haeg suggests ripping out lawns and planting productive vegetable gardens in their place.
DISC: Deep Image Saliency Computing via Progressive Representation Learning
Creators: name: Chen, Tianshui
name: Lin, Liang
name: Liu, Lingbo
name: Luo, Xiaonan
name: Li, Xuelong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Salient object detection increasingly receives attention as an important component or step in several pattern recognition and image processing tasks. Although a variety of powerful saliency models have been intensively proposed, they usually involve heavy feature (or model) engineering based on priors (or assumptions) about the properties of objects and backgrounds. Inspired by the effectiveness of recently developed feature learning, we provide a novel Deep Image Saliency Computing (DISC) framework for fine-grained image saliency computing. In particular, we model the image saliency from both the coarse- and fine-level observations, and utilize the deep convolutional neural network (CNN) to learn the saliency representation in a progressive manner. Specifically, our saliency model is built upon two stacked CNNs. The first CNN generates a coarse-level saliency map by taking the overall image as the input, roughly identifying saliency regions in the global context. Furthermore, we integrate superpixel-based local context information in the first CNN to refine the coarse-level saliency map. Guided by the coarse saliency map, the second CNN focuses on the local context to produce fine-grained and accurate saliency map while preserving object details. For a testing image, the two CNNs collaboratively conduct the saliency computing in one shot. Our DISC framework is capable of uniformly highlighting the objects-of-interest from complex background while preserving well object details. Extensive experiments on several standard benchmarks suggest that DISC outperforms other state-of-the-art methods and it also generalizes well across datasets without additional training. The executable version of DISC is available online: http://vision.sysu.edu.cn/projects/DISC.
description: This manuscript is the accepted version for IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems (T-NNLS), 2015
From Proper Scoring Rules to Max-Min Optimal Forecast Aggregation
Creators: name: Neyman, Eric
name: Roughgarden, Tim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper forges a strong connection between two seemingly unrelated forecasting problems: incentive-compatible forecast elicitation and forecast aggregation. Proper scoring rules are the well-known solution to the former problem. To each such rule $s$ we associate a corresponding method of aggregation, mapping expert forecasts and expert weights to a "consensus forecast," which we call *quasi-arithmetic (QA) pooling* with respect to $s$. We justify this correspondence in several ways: - QA pooling with respect to the two most well-studied scoring rules (quadratic and logarithmic) corresponds to the two most well-studied forecast aggregation methods (linear and logarithmic). - Given a scoring rule $s$ used for payment, a forecaster agent who sub-contracts several experts, paying them in proportion to their weights, is best off aggregating the experts' reports using QA pooling with respect to $s$, meaning this strategy maximizes its worst-case profit (over the possible outcomes). - The score of an aggregator who uses QA pooling is concave in the experts' weights. As a consequence, online gradient descent can be used to learn appropriate expert weights from repeated experiments with low regret. - The class of all QA pooling methods is characterized by a natural set of axioms (generalizing classical work by Kolmogorov on quasi-arithmetic means).
description: 41 pages, 2 figures
Minimum degree stability of $H$-free graphs
Creators: name: Illingworth, Freddie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C15, 05C35

description: Given an $(r + 1)$-chromatic graph $H$, the fundamental edge stability result of Erdős and Simonovits says that all $n$-vertex $H$-free graphs have at most $(1 - 1/r + o(1)) \binom{n}{2}$ edges, and any $H$-free graph with that many edges can be made $r$-partite by deleting $o(n^{2})$ edges. Here we consider a natural variant of this -- the minimum degree stability of $H$-free graphs. In particular, what is the least $c$ such that any $n$-vertex $H$-free graph with minimum degree greater than $cn$ can be made $r$-partite by deleting $o(n^{2})$ edges? We determine this least value for all 3-chromatic $H$ and for very many non-3-colourable $H$ (all those in which one is commonly interested) as well as bounding it for the remainder. This extends the Andrásfai-Erdős-Sós theorem and work of Alon and Sudakov.
description: 16 pages, 2 figures. Final version, concluding remarks and open question added
Accelerating Adaptive IDW Interpolation Algorithm on a Single GPU
Creators: name: Mei, Gang
name: Xu, Liangliang
name: Xu, Nengxiong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper focuses on the design and implementing of GPU-accelerated Adaptive Inverse Distance Weighting (AIDW) interpolation algorithm. The AIDW is an improved version of the standard IDW, which can adaptively determine the power parameter according to the spatial points distribution pattern and achieve more accurate predictions than those by IDW. In this paper, we first present two versions of the GPU accelerated AIDW, the naive version without profiting from shared memory and the tiled version taking advantage of shared memory. We also implement the naive version and the tiled version using the data layouts, Structure of Arrays (AoS) and Array of aligned Structures (AoaS), on single and double precision. We then evaluate the performance of the GPU-accelerated AIDW by comparing it with its original CPU version. Experimental results show that: on single precision the naive version and the tiled version can achieve the speedups of approximately 270 and 400, respectively. In addition, on single precision the implementations using the layout SoA are always slightly faster than those using layout AoaS. However, on double precision, the speedup is only about 8; and we have also observed that: (1) there are no performance gains obtained from the tiled version against the naive version; and (2) the use of SoA and AoaS does not lead to significant differences in computational efficiency.
description: Preprint version for submitting to a journal. 15 pages, 7 figures, 1 table
A comparison of Ashtekar's and Friedrich's formalisms of spatial infinity
Creators: name: Mohamed, Mariem M. Ali
name: Kroon, Juan A. Valiente
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Penrose's idea of asymptotic flatness provides a framework for understanding the asymptotic structure of gravitational fields of isolated systems at null infinity. However, the studies of the asymptotic behaviour of fields near spatial infinity are more challenging due to the singular nature of spatial infinity in a regular point compactification for spacetimes with non-vanishing ADM mass. Two different frameworks that address this challenge are Friedrich's cylinder at spatial infinity and Ashtekar's definition of asymptotically Minkowskian spacetimes at spatial infinity that give rise to the 3-dimensional asymptote at spatial infinity $\mathcal{H}$. Both frameworks address the singularity at spatial infinity although the link between the two approaches had not been investigated in the literature. This article aims to show the relation between Friedrich's cylinder and the asymptote as spatial infinity. To do so, we initially consider this relation for Minkowski spacetime. It can be shown that the solution to the conformal geodesic equations provides a conformal factor that links the cylinder and the asymptote. For general spacetimes satisfying Ashtekar's definition, the conformal factor cannot be determined explicitly. However, proof of the existence of this conformal factor is provided in this article. Additionally, the conditions satisfied by physical fields on the asymptote $\mathcal{H}$ are derived systematically using the conformal constraint equations. Finally, it is shown that a solution to the conformal geodesic equations on the asymptote can be extended to a small neighbourhood of spatial infinity by making use of the stability theorem for ordinary differential equations. This solution can be used to construct a conformal Gaussian system in a neighbourhood of $\mathcal{H}$.
description: 33 pages, 4 figures
Book Review: Producing Prosperity: Why America Needs a Manufacturing Renaissance
Creators: name: Cvelich, Peter
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: In Producing Prosperity, Pisano and Shih elaborate on the basic argument from their awardwinning 2009 article “Restoring American Competitiveness,” namely that the prosperity of U.S. businesses and workers is contingent on a resurrection of U.S. manufacturing, and inject a new concept for discussion: the “industrial commons.”
Evanescent gravitons in Warped Anti-de Sitter space
Creators: name: Giribet, Gaston
name: Vasquez, Yerko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Besides black holes, the phase space of three-dimensional massive gravity about Warped-Anti de Sitter (WAdS) space contains solutions that decay exponentially in time. They describe evanescent graviton configurations that, while governed by a wave equation with non-vanishing effective mass, do not carry net gravitational energy. Explicit examples of such solutions have been found in the case of Topologically Massive Gravity; here, we generalize them to a much more general ghost-free massive deformation, with the difference being that the decay rate gets corrected due to the presence of higher-order terms.
description: 10 pages
Leading-order hadronic contribution to the electron and muon g-2
Creators: name: Jegerlehner, Fred
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I present a new data driven update of the hadronic vacuum polarization effects for the muon and the electron $g-2$. For the leading order contributions I find $a_μ^{\mathrm{had}(1)}=(686.99\pm 4.21)[687.19\pm 3.48]\times 10^{-10}$ based on $e^+e^-$data [incl. $τ$ data], $a_μ^{\mathrm{had}(2)}= (-9.934\pm 0.091) \times 10^{-10}$ (NLO) and $a_μ^{\mathrm{had}(3)}= (1.226\pm 0.012) \times 10^{-10}$ (NNLO) for the muon, and $a_e^{\mathrm{had}(1)}=(184.64\pm 1.21)\times 10^{-14}$ (LO), $a_e^{\mathrm{had}(2)}=(-22.10\pm 0.14)\times 10^{-14}$ (NLO) and $a_e^{\mathrm{had}(3)}=(2.79\pm 0.02)\times 10^{-14}$ (NNLO) for the electron. A problem with vacuum polarization undressing of cross-sections (time-like region) is addressed. I also add a comment on properly including axial mesons in the hadronic light-by-light scattering contribution. My estimate here reads $a_μ[a_1,f_1',f_1] \sim ({ 7.51 \pm 2.71}) \times 10^{-11}\,.$ With these updates $a_μ^{\rm exp}-a_μ^{\rm the}=(32.73\pm 8.15)\times 10^{-10}$ a 4.0 $σ$ deviation, while $a_e^{\rm exp}-a_e^{\rm the}=(-1.10\pm 0.82)\times 10^{-12}$ shows no significant deviation.
description: 10 pages, 21 figures, including updated BESIII results arXiv:1507.08188v3, results slightly go down
Holographic Renormalization of 3D Minimal Massive Gravity
Creators: name: Alishahiha, Mohsen
name: Qaemmaqami, Mohammad M.
name: Naseh, Ali
name: Shirzad, Ahmad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study holographic renormalization of 3D minimal massive gravity using the Chern-Simons-like formulation of the model. We explicitly present Gibbons- Hawking term as well as all counterterms needed to make the action finite in terms of dreibein and spin-connection. This can be used to find correlation functions of stress tensor of holographic dual field theory.
description: 26 pages, no figures, typos fixed, Ref. added
Nonlinear BSDEs in general filtration with drivers depending on the martingale part of a solution
Creators: name: Klimsiak, Tomasz
name: Rzymowski, Maurycy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In the present paper, we consider multidimensional nonlinear backward stochastic differential equations (BSDEs) with a driver depending on the martingale part $M$ of a solution. We assume that the nonlinear term is merely monotone continuous with respect to the state variable. As to the regularity of the driver with respect to the martingale variable, we consider a very general condition which permits path-dependence on "the future" of the process $M$ as well as a dependence of its law (McKean-Vlasov-type equations). For such driver, we prove the existence and uniqueness of a global solution (i.e. for any maturity $T>0$) to BSDE with data satisfying natural integrability conditions.
Exploring the Higgs sector of the MRSSM with a light scalar
Creators: name: Diessner, Philip
name: Kalinowski, Jan
name: Kotlarski, Wojciech
name: Stöckinger, Dominik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a recent paper we showed that the Minimal R-symmetric Supersymmetric Standard Model (MRSSM) can accommodate the observed 125 GeV Higgs boson as the lightest scalar of the model in agreement with electroweak precision observables, in particular with the W boson mass and $T$ parameter. Here we explore a scenario with the light singlet (and bino-singlino) state in which the second-lightest scalar takes the role of the SM-like boson with mass close to 125 GeV. In such a case the second-lightest Higgs state gets pushed up via mixing already at tree-level and thereby reducing the required loop correction. Unlike in the NMSSM, the light singlet is necessarily connected with a light neutralino which naturally appears as a promising dark matter candidate. We show that dark matter and LHC searches place further bounds on this scenario and point out parameter regions, which are viable and of interest for LHC Run II and upcoming dark matter experiments.
description: 31 pages, updated for submission
Using Land Treatment for Municipal Wastewater Disposal
Creators: name: Harrington, Winston
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1975

description: The term "land treatment" refers to a family of wastewater disposal technologies in which the effluent is deposited onto the land rather than discharged into the surface waters. In such a system, the land itself assumes some of the treatment function, with the soil and its vegetative mat acting as a giant filter, capturing or decomposing pollutants while the water itself evaporates or percolates to groundwater. Although land disposal methods were at one time fairly common in the United States, they fell into disuse around the turn of the century and were replaced by the treatment technology still most common today: primary treatment (screening and settling), often followed by secondary (biological) treatment, with the effluent ultimately discharged into surface waters. At this time, the use of land treatment is largely confined to the Southwest (425 or 493 land application sites in the United States). It has been recognized for some time that conventional secondary treatment may not meet the increasingly stringent limitations on the effluent discharged into receiving waters. Until recently, the usual response has been to plan for even more extensive chemical and biological ("tertiary") treatment before discharge. However, the enormous expense involved in these treatment alternatives has prompted a re-examination of land application methods, and it has been found that land treatment often enjoys a clear economic advantage over "conventional" advanced waste treatment systems. At the same time, though, other implications of land treatment methods are not so clear. This essay is a brief comparison of land treatment and conventional advanced waste treatment; it invites planners to consider the possible effects of land application on community land use.
The local-orbifold correspondence for simple normal crossings pairs
Creators: name: Battistella, Luca
name: Nabijou, Navid
name: Tseng, Hsian-Hua
name: You, Fenglong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14N35, 14H10

description: For $X$ a smooth projective variety and $D=D_1+\ldots+D_n$ a simple normal crossings divisor, we establish a precise cycle-level correspondence between the genus zero local Gromov-Witten theory of the bundle $\oplus_{i=1}^n \mathcal{O}_X(-D_i)$ and the maximal contact Gromov-Witten theory of the multi-root stack $X_{D,\vec{r}}$. The proof is an implementation of the rank reduction strategy. We use this point of view to clarify the relationship between logarithmic and orbifold invariants.
description: 14 pages. Comments welcome! Final version to appear in Journal of the Institute of Mathematics of Jussieu
Unmet sexual ideals, people’s lay beliefs about sex and their sexual responsiveness in couples’ weekly lives during the COVID-19 pandemic
Creators: name: Lab, SHaRe
name: Muise, Amy
name: Raposo, Stephanie
name: Balzarini, Rhonda
name: uppot, akshita
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Personality and Social Contexts
subject: Social Psychology
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: couples
subject: COVID-19
subject: implicit sexual beliefs
subject: relationships
subject: responsiveness
subject: sexual communal strength
subject: sexual destiny beliefs
subject: sexual growth beliefs

description: The current research aims to explore whether people’s sexual responsiveness differs by their beliefs about how sexual satisfaction in relationships is maintained. People who are higher (vs. lower) in sexual destiny beliefs view satisfying sex lives as the result of finding the right partner. In contrast, people who are higher (vs. lower) in sexual growth beliefs view satisfying sexual relationships as requiring hard work and effort to maintain.
Search for nucleon-nucleon correlations in neutrino-argon scattering
Creators: name: Niewczas, Kajetan
name: Sobczyk, Jan T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A sample of two proton and no pion events selected in the ArgoNeuT neutrino scattering experiment on liquid argon target [Phys. Rev. D90 (2014) 012008] is analyzed with NuWro Monte Carlo event generator. An attempt is made to estimate how likely it is to obtain observed numbers of laboratory frame and reconstructed back-to-back nucleon pairs. For laboratory frame back-to-back events a clear data/MC discrepancy is seen. For the reconstructed nucleon pairs a good agreement is reported. We provide a simple kinematical argument why this accordance is expected.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures; added discussion about muon acceptance, no impact on results and conclusions