cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The absorptiometric determination of sodium sulphide and the kinetics of its oxidation
Creators: name: Hong, Charles Chuan-Chi
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: A study of the Lauth's Violet absorptiometry method for the analysis of sodium sulphide was carried out. The order of adding the reactants in the development of the color, the use of three different methods of titration for standardizing the solutions used for determining the calibration factor, and the effects of varying the concentrations of the reagents were all investigated. In the formation of Lauth's Violet from sodium sulphide, addition of reactants in the order base electrolyte, sodium sulphide, and p-phenylenediamine was shown to be best. The arsenious oxide method of titration was selected for determining the concentration of sodium sulphide in standard solutions used for calibration. If the reagents: base electrolyte containing ferric chloride, and p-phenylenediamine, were used at the concentrations of 0.16% and 5% by weight, respectively, the calibration factor remained constant up to concentrations 16 grams per litre of sodium sulphide. The applicability of the Lambert-Beer law and the effect of sodium thiosulphate on the absorptiometry method also were studied in detail. The oxidation of sodium sulphide was studied under atmospheric pressure at various temperatures by use of two different apparatuses. From the measurements of the amounts of oxygen absorbed, the oxidation of sodium sulphide probably gives disulphide, thiosulphate, sulphite and sulphate. The stoichiometry corresponds to thiosulphate being the main product of this reaction. The rate of absorption of oxygen with simultaneous, oxidation of sodium sulphide was observed to decrease, with increasing temperature from 25° to 45°C Nevertheless, the maximum absorption rate was found at 55°C, and the absorption rate decreases again with temperature at least to 85°C. The reaction orders for the oxidation of sodium sulphide depend upon temperature, being second order at 25°C, order of 1.5 at 35° and 45°C., and first order from 55° to 85°C. The reaction order with respect to oxygen is first order, irrespective of temperature. The maximum rate of oxidation also occurs at 55°C.
title: Psychometric changes on item difficulty due to item review by examinees
Creators: name: Papanastasiou, Elena C.
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2015

description: If good measurement depends in part on the estimation of accurate item characteristics, it is essential that test developers become aware of discrepancies that may exist on the item parameters before and after item review. The purpose of this study was to examine the answer changing patterns of students while taking paper-and-pencil multiple choice exams, and to examine how these changes affect the estimation of item difficulty parameters. The results of this study have shown that item review by examinees does produce some changes to the examinee ability estimates and to the item difficulty parameters. In addition, these effects are more pronounced in shorter tests than in longer tests. In turn, these small changes produce larger effects when estimating the changes in the information values of each studentâ€™s test score. Accessed 4,021 times on https://pareonline.net from January 07, 2015 to December 31, 2019. For downloads from January 1, 2020 forward, please click on the PlumX Metrics link to the right.
title: Item Response Theory Using Hierarchical Generalized Linear Models
Creators: name: Ravand, Hamdollah
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2015

description: Multilevel models (MLMs) are flexible in that they can be employed to obtain item and person parameters, test for differential item functioning (DIF) and capture both local item and person dependence. Papers on the MLM analysis of item response data have focused mostly on theoretical issues where applications have been add-ons to simulation studies with a methodological focus. Although the methodological direction was necessary as a first step to show how MLMs can be utilized and extended to model item response data, the emphasis needs to be shifted towards providing evidence on how applications of MLMs in educational testing can provide the benefits that have been promised. The present study uses foreign language reading comprehension data to illustrate application of hierarchical generalized models to estimate person and item parameters, differential item functioning (DIF), and local person dependence in a three-level model. Accessed 7,424 times on https://pareonline.net from March 20, 2015 to December 31, 2019. For downloads from January 1, 2020 forward, please click on the PlumX Metrics link to the right.
Un Référentiel de compétences en didactique de l’intercompréhension
Creators: name: Andrade, Ana Isabel
name: Martins, Filomena
name: Pinho, Ana Sofia
Publisher: name: Fondazione Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Italia
Year: 2019

description:

This framework aims to contribute to the development of teacher educators in order to be able to integrate Intercomprehension in their educational activities in presence and online. This document is therefore an instrument for designing and putting into practice intercomprehension courses in contexts of teacher education and evaluation (including self-assessment) of professional competencies (knowledge, attitudes and skills) for the introduction of intercomprehension in situations of language contact and intercultural communication.

description: EL.LE
title: Practical Issues in Estimating Classification Accuracy and Consistency with R Package cacIRT
Creators: name: Lathrop, Quinn
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2015

description: There are two main lines of research in estimating classification accuracy (CA) and classification consistency (CC) under Item Response Theory (IRT). The R package cacIRT provides computer implementations of both approaches in an accessible and unified framework. Even with available implementations, there remains decisions a researcher faces when choosing and applying the best approach for the situation. This paper identifies and discusses the practical issues that researchers may face when estimating CA and CC. To exemplify the analytic decisions, both approaches are applied to a common dataset with discussion. In addition to generalizable guidance, the demonstration provides R code for the cacIRT package. Accessed 4,495 times on https://pareonline.net from August 28, 2015 to December 31, 2019. For downloads from January 1, 2020 forward, please click on the PlumX Metrics link to the right.
title: The Double-facing Foreign Relations Function of the Executive and Its Self-enforcing Obligation to Comply with International Law
Creators: name: McLachlan, Campbell
Publisher: name: Universität Potsdam
Year: 2019

description: How does the international Rule of Law apply to constrain the conduct of the Executive within a constitutional State that adopts a dualist approach to the reception of international law? This paper argues that, so far from being inconsistent with the concept of the Rule of Law, the Executive within a dualist constitution has a self-enforcing obligation to abide by the obligations of the State under international law. This is not dependent on Parliament’s incorporation of treaty obligations into domestic law. It is the correlative consequence of the allocation to the Executive of the power to conduct foreign relations. The paper develops this argument in response to recent debate in the United Kingdom on whether Ministers have an obligation to comply with international law–a reference that the Government removed from the Ministerial Code. It shows that such an obligation is consistent with both four centuries of the practice of the British State and with principle.
description: KFG Working Paper Series, 30
A Survivability Strategy in Route Optimization Mobile Network by Memetic Algorithm
Creators: name: Guatam, K. K.
name: Rai, Anurag
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The capability to provide network service even under a significant network system element disruption is the backbone for the survival of route optimize of mobile network Technology in today s world. Keeping this view in mind, the present paper highlights a new method based on memetic algorithm.
description: IEEE format, International Journal of Computer Science and Information Security, IJCSIS January 2010, ISSN 1947 5500, http://sites.google.com/site/ijcsis/
title: A novel natural insecticide molecule for grain protection
Creators: name: Rajashekar, Y.
name: Shivanandappa, T.
Publisher: name: Julius Kühn-Institut
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Decalepis hamiltonii
subject: decaleside- I
subject: insecticidal activity
subject: stored-product
subject: insect pests
subject: grain protection

description: Julius-Kühn-Archiv; 425; 910-915
Additional file 1 of Non-target screening of organic pollutants and target analysis of halogenated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the atmosphere around metallurgical plants by high-resolution GC/Q-TOF-MS
Creators: name: Yang, Lili
name: Wu, Jiajia
name: Zheng, Minghui
name: Cao, Zhe
name: Li, Cui
name: Shi, Miwei
name: Liu, Guorui
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Gas chromatography (GC) and mass spectrometry (MS) conditions. Table S2. Aliphatic hydrocarbons in air samples screened by GC/Q-TOF-MS. Table S3. Calculated toxicities of several typical pollutants by the non-target screening of GC/Q-TOF-MS.
Simple Real-Space Picture of Nodeless and Nodal s-wave Gap Functions in Iron Pnictide Superconductors
Creators: name: Kariyado, T.
name: Ogata, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a simple way to parameterize the gap function in iron pnictides. The key idea is to use orbital representation, not band representation, and to assume real-space short-range pairing. Our parameterization reproduces fairly well the structure of gap function obtained in microscopic calculation. At the same time the present parameterization is simple enough to obtain an intuitive picture and to develop a phenomenological theory. We also discuss simplification of the treatment of the superconducting state.
description: 4 pages
title: Defining and Measuring Academic Success
Creators: name: York, Travis T.
name: Gibson, Charles
name: Rankin, Susan
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2015

description: Despite, and perhaps because of its amorphous nature, the term â€˜academic successâ€™ is one of the most widely used constructs in educational research and assessment within higher education. This paper conducts an analytic literature review to examine the use and operationalization of the term in multiple academic fields. Dominant definitions of the term are conceptually evaluated using Astinâ€™s I-E-O model resulting in the proposition of a revised definition and new conceptual model of academic success. Measurements of academic success found throughout the literature are presented in accordance with the presented model of academic success. These measurements are provided with details in a user-friendly table (Appendix B). Results also indicate that grades and GPA are the most commonly used measure of academic success. Finally, recommendations are given for future research and practice to increase effective assessment of academic success. Accessed 112,251 times on https://pareonline.net from March 15, 2015 to December 31, 2019. For downloads from January 1, 2020 forward, please click on the PlumX Metrics link to the right.
A family of super Schrodinger invariant Chern-Simons matter systems
Creators: name: Nakayama, Yu
name: Ryu, Shinsei
name: Sakaguchi, Makoto
name: Yoshida, Kentaroh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate non-relativistic limits of the N=3 Chern-Simons matter system in 1+2 dimensions. The relativistic theory can generate several inequivalent super Schodinger invariant theories, depending on the degrees of freedom we choose to retain in the non-relativistic limit. The maximally supersymmetric Schrodinger invariant theory is obtained by keeping all particle degrees of freedom. The other descendants, where particles and anti-particles coexist, are also Schrodinger invariant but preserve less supersymmetries. Thus, we have a family of super Schrodinger invariant field theories produced from the parent relativistic theory.
description: 1+35 pages, references added and typos fixed
SUN'IY YO'LDOSH INTERNETI VA UNING KELAJAGI
Creators: name: Qodirov, Farrux
name: Ujayeva, Gulzebo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Ushbu maqolada sun'iy yo'ldosh interneti va uning kelajagi mavzusi keng qamrovli tahlil qilingan. Tadqiqotda sun'iy yo'ldoshlarning turli turlari – geostatsion (GEO), past yer orbitasidagi (LEO) va o‘rta yer orbitasidagi (MEO) yo'ldoshlar – ularning ishlash printsiplari, afzalliklari va kamchiliklari yoritilgan. Shu bilan birga, texnik infratuzilma, inter-satellite aloqa, optik bog‘lanish va kiberxavfsizlik kabi masalalar ham ko‘rib chiqilgan. Iqtisodiy tahlil qismida yirik investitsiyalar, global bozor tendensiyalari va innovatsion ilovalar, shuningdek, raqamli tenglik va ijtimoiy integratsiya nuqtai nazaridan sun'iy yo'ldosh internetining salmoqli roli ta'kidlangan. Ekologik masalalar, xususan, orbital chiqindilar va energiya samaradorligi masalalari, shuningdek, normativ-huquqiy regulyatsiya va xalqaro hamkorlik istiqbollari ham tahlil qilingan. Tadqiqot natijalari sun'iy yo'ldosh interneti texnologiyasining global telekommunikatsiya tizimlarini tubdan o'zgartirish, raqamli transformatsiya jarayonlarini tezlashtirish va iqtisodiy o'sishga ijobiy ta'sir ko'rsatish potensialini aks ettiradi.
title: RMP Evaluations, Course Easiness, and Grades: Are they Related?
Creators: name: Rizvi, Syed A.
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2015

description: This paper investigates the relationship between the student evaluations of the instructors at the RateMyProfessors.com (RMP) website and the average grades awarded by those instructors. As of Spring 2012, the RMP site included evaluations of 538 full-and part-time instructors at the College of Staten Island (CSI). We selected the evaluations of the 419 instructors who taught at CSI for at least two semesters from Fall 2009 to Spring 2011 and had at least ten evaluations. This research indicates that there is a strong correlation between RMPâ€™s overall evaluation and easiness scores. However, the perceived easiness of an instructor/course does not always result in higher grades for students. Furthermore, we found that the instructors who received high overall evaluation and easiness scores (4.0 to 5.0) at the RMP site do not necessarily award high grades. This is a very important finding as it disputes the argument that instructors receive high evaluations because they are easy or award high grades. On the other hand, instructors of the courses that are perceived to be difficult (RMP easiness score of 3.0 or less) are likely to be tough graders. However, instructors who received moderate overall evaluation and easiness scores (between 3.0 and 4.0) the RMP site had a high correlation between these scores and average grade awarded by those instructors. Finally, our research shows that the instructors in non-STEM disciplines award higher grades than the instructors in STEM disciplines. Non-STEM instructors also received higher overall evaluations than their STEM counterparts and non-STEM courses were perceived easier by the students than STEM courses. Accessed 3,007 times on https://pareonline.net from October 12, 2015 to December 31, 2019. For downloads from January 1, 2020 forward, please click on the PlumX Metrics link to the right.
Bayesian variable selection using cost-adjusted BIC, with application to cost-effective measurement of quality of health care
Creators: name: Fouskakis, D.
name: Ntzoufras, I.
name: Draper, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In the field of quality of health care measurement, one approach to assessing patient sickness at admission involves a logistic regression of mortality within 30 days of admission on a fairly large number of sickness indicators (on the order of 100) to construct a sickness scale, employing classical variable selection methods to find an ``optimal'' subset of 10--20 indicators. Such ``benefit-only'' methods ignore the considerable differences among the sickness indicators in cost of data collection, an issue that is crucial when admission sickness is used to drive programs (now implemented or under consideration in several countries, including the U.S. and U.K.) that attempt to identify substandard hospitals by comparing observed and expected mortality rates (given admission sickness). When both data-collection cost and accuracy of prediction of 30-day mortality are considered, a large variable-selection problem arises in which costly variables that do not predict well enough should be omitted from the final scale. In this paper (a) we develop a method for solving this problem based on posterior model odds, arising from a prior distribution that (1) accounts for the cost of each variable and (2) results in a set of posterior model probabilities that corresponds to a generalized cost-adjusted version of the Bayesian information criterion (BIC), and (b) we compare this method with a decision-theoretic cost-benefit approach based on maximizing expected utility. We use reversible-jump Markov chain Monte Carlo (RJMCMC) methods to search the model space, and we check the stability of our findings with two variants of the MCMC model composition ($\mathit{MC}^3$) algorithm.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/08-AOAS207 the Annals of Applied Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aoas/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
title: Human behaviour and application of residual insecticides to control storage and food industry pests
Creators: name: Stejskal, V.
name: Aulický, R.
Publisher: name: Julius Kühn-Institut
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: pesticides
subject: insecticides
subject: residual treatment
subject: dosage
subject: human behaviour

description: Julius-Kühn-Archiv; 425; 916-918
Analysis of Large Scale Propagation Models for Mobile Communications in Urban Area
Creators: name: Alim, M. A.
name: Rahman, M. M.
name: Hossain, M. M.
name: Nahid, A. Al
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Channel properties influence the development of wireless communication systems. Unlike wired channels that are stationary and predictable, radio channels are extremely random and dont offer easy analysis. A Radio Propagation Model (RPM), also known as the Radio Wave Propagation Model (RWPM), is an empirical mathematical formulation for the characterization of radio wave propagation as a function of frequency. In mobile radio systems, path loss models are necessary for proper planning, interference estimations, frequency assignments and cell parameters which are the basic for network planning process as well as Location Based Services (LBS) techniques. Propagation models that predict the mean signal strength for an arbitrary transmitter receiver (T R) separation distance which is useful in estimating the radio coverage area of a transmitter are called large scale propagation models, since they characterize signal strength over large TR separation distances. In this paper, the large scale propagation performance of Okumura, Hata, and Lee models has been compared varying Mobile Station (MS) antenna height, Transmitter Receiver (TR) distance and Base Station (BS) antenna height, considering the system to operate at 900 MHz. Through the MATLAB simulation it is turned out that the Okumura model shows the better performance than that of the other large scale propagation models.
description: IEEE format, International Journal of Computer Science and Information Security, IJCSIS January 2010, ISSN 1947 5500, http://sites.google.com/site/ijcsis/
title: Hot or Not: The Role of Instructor Quality and Gender on the Formation of Positive Illusions Among Students using RateMyProfessors.com
Creators: name: Theyson, Katherine C.
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2015

description: Existing literature indicates that physical attractiveness positively affects variables such as income, perceived employee quality and performance evaluations. Similarly, in the academic arena, studies indicate instructors who are better looking receive better teaching evaluations from their students. Previous analysis of the website RateMyProfessors.com confirms this, indicating that instructors who are viewed by students as "hot" receive higher "quality" ratings than those who are "not."  However, psychology literature indicates that perceptions of attractiveness are influenced by positive illusions, a property whereby individuals with higher quality relationships view each other more positively than objective observers. This paper uses data from Rate My Professors to investigate the existence of positive illusions in the instructor-student relationship. It finds that positive illusions exist, suggesting that existing literature overestimates the premium associated with physical attractiveness. Furthermore, the source of these illusions varies significantly between male and female instructors with important implications for the role of gender in workplace evaluations, hiring, promotion, and tenure.
title: Contribution de la paléogénétique à l’archéologie
Creators: name: Geigl, Eva-Maria
Publisher: name: Inrap
Year: 2021

description: La paléogénétique, c’est-à-dire l’analyse génétique de l’ADN préservé dans les vestiges biologiques du passé, principalement os et dents, a ouvert de nouvelles perspectives en archéologie. Cette alliée de poids apporte des informations qui ne sont pas accessibles par d’autres approches et contribue à une meilleure compréhension des sites archéologiques et des sociétés du passé, concernant entre autres migrations et métissages, domestication des animaux et des plantes, effets de l’action humaine sur les populations animales et végétales sauvages. Cet article présente une courte introduction à la génétique et aux spécificités de la paléogénétique, un protocole pour le prélèvement et le stockage des ossements destinés à être analysés et un aperçu des avancées de la discipline qui enrichissent les connaissances de l’archéologie, en particulier lorsqu’un dialogue intense et fertile est établi entre archéologues et généticiens.
description: Paleogenetics, i.e., the analysis of DNA preserved in ancient biological remains, mainly bones and teeth, has opened up new perspectives to archaeology and thus became a major ally. Providing information that is not accessible through other approaches it contributes to a better understanding of archaeological sites and past societies, concerning for instance migrations and admixture, animal and plant domestication and the effects of human action on populations of wild animal and plants. Here, I present a short introduction into genetics and the specificities of paleogenetics, as well as a protocol for sampling of bones geared towards a paleogenetic analysis. Then, I give an overview over the achievements of paleogenetics that enrich archaeological knowledge, in particular if the dialog between archaeologists and geneticists is rich and intense.
title: On the Integrity of Online Testing for Introductory Statistics Courses: A Latent Variable Approach
Creators: name: Fask, Alan
name: Englander, Fred
name: Wang, Zhaobo
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2015

description: There has been a remarkable growth in distance learning courses in higher education. Despite indications that distance learning courses are more vulnerable to cheating behavior than traditional courses, there has been little research studying whether online exams facilitate a relatively greater level of cheating. This article examines this issue by developing an approach using a latent variable to measure student cheating. This latent variable is linked to both known student mastery related variables and variables unrelated to student mastery. Grade scores from a proctored final exam and an unproctored final exam are used to test for increased cheating behavior in the unproctored exam Accessed 4,410 times on https://pareonline.net from April 11, 2015 to December 31, 2019. For downloads from January 1, 2020 forward, please click on the PlumX Metrics link to the right.
Perturbation Theory of High-Tc Superconductivity in Iron Pnictides
Creators: name: Nomura, Takuji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The high-transition-temperature (high-Tc) superconductivity discovered recently in iron pnictides is analyzed within a perturbation theory. Specifically, the probable pairing symmetry, the doping dependence of the transition temperature and the pairing mechanism are studied by solving the Eliashberg equation for multi-band (2- and 5-band) Hubbard models with realistic electronic structures. The effective pairing interaction is expanded perturbatively in the on-site Coulomb integrals up to third order. Our perturbative weak-coupling approach shows that sufficiently large eigenvalues of the Eliashberg equation are obtained to explain the actual high transition temperatures by taking realistic on-site Coulomb integrals in the 5-band model. Thus, unconventional (non-phonon-mediated) superconductivity is highly likely to be realized. The superconducting order parameter does not change its sign on the Fermi surfaces, but it does change between the electron and hole Fermi surfaces. Consequently, the probable pairing symmetry is always "a nodeless extended s-wave symmetry (more specifically, an s_{+-}-wave symmetry)" over the whole parameter region that we investigated. It is suggested that the 2-band model is insufficient to explain the high values of Tc.
description: 24 pages, 9 figures
title: Effect of Adjusting Pseudo-Guessing Parameter Estimates on Test Scaling When Item Parameter Drift Is Present
Creators: name: Han, Kyung T.
name: Wells, Craig S.
name: Hambleton, Ronald K.
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2015

description: In item response theory test scaling/equating with the three-parameter model, the scaling coefficients A and B have no impact on the c-parameter estimates of the test items since the c-parameter estimates are not adjusted in the scaling/equating procedure. The main research question in this study concerned how serious the consequences would be if c-parameter estimates are not adjusted in the test equating procedure when item-parameter drift (IPD) is present. This drift is commonly observed in equating studies and hence, has been the source of considerable research. The results from a series of Monte-Carlo simulation studies conducted under 32 different combinations of conditions showed that some calibration strategies in the study, where the c-parameters were adjusted to be identical across two test forms, resulted in more robust equating performance in the presence of IPD. This paper discusses the practical effectiveness and the theoretical importance of appropriately adjusting c-parameter estimates in equating. Accessed 3,754 times on https://pareonline.net from July 04, 2015 to December 31, 2019. For downloads from January 1, 2020 forward, please click on the PlumX Metrics link to the right.
Turbulence and Dynamo in Galaxy Cluster Medium: Implications on the Origin of Cluster Magnetic Fields
Creators: name: Xu, Hao
name: Li, Hui
name: Collins, David C.
name: Li, Shengtai
name: Norman, Michael L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present self-consistent cosmological magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations that simultaneously follow the formation of a galaxy cluster and the magnetic field ejection by an active galactic nucleus (AGN). We find that the magnetic fields ejected by the AGNs, though initially distributed in relatively small volumes, can be transported throughout the cluster and be further amplified by the intra-cluster medium (ICM) turbulence during the cluster formation process. The ICM turbulence is shown to be generated and sustained by the frequent mergers of smaller halos. Furthermore, a cluster-wide dynamo process is shown to exist in the ICM and amplify the magnetic field energy and flux. The total magnetic energy in the cluster can reach $\sim$ $10^{61}$ ergs while micro Gauss ($μ$G) fields can distribute over $\sim$ Mpc scales throughout the whole cluster. This finding shows that magnetic fields from AGNs, being further amplified by the ICM turbulence through small-scale dynamo processes, can be the origin of cluster-wide magnetic fields.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures. Accepted for publication in ApJL
Performance Evaluation of TCP over Mobile Ad hoc Networks
Creators: name: Ahmed, Foez
name: Pradhan, Sateesh Kumar
name: Islam, Nayeema
name: Debnath, Sumon Kumar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: With the proliferation of mobile computing devices, the demand for continuous network connectivity regardless of physical location has spurred interest in the use of mobile ad hoc networks. Since Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) is the standard network protocol for communication in the internet, any wireless network with Internet service need to be compatible with TCP. TCP is tuned to perform well in traditional wired networks, where packet losses occur mostly because of congestion. However, TCP connections in Ad-hoc mobile networks are plagued by problems such as high bit error rates, frequent route changes, multipath routing and temporary network partitions. The throughput of TCP over such connection is not satisfactory, because TCP misinterprets the packet loss or delay as congestion and invokes congestion control and avoidance algorithm. In this research, the performance of TCP in Adhoc mobile network with high Bit Error rate (BER) and mobility is studied and investigated. Simulation model is implemented and experiments are performed using the Network Simulatior 2 (NS2).
description: IEEE format, International Journal of Computer Science and Information Security, IJCSIS January 2010, ISSN 1947 5500, http://sites.google.com/site/ijcsis/
title: Cognitive Diagnostic Modeling Using R
Creators: name: Ravand, Hamdollah
name: Robitzsch, Alexander
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2015

description: Cognitive diagnostic models (CDM) have been around for more than a decade but their application is far from widespread for mainly two reasons: (1) CDMs are novel, as compared to traditional IRT models. Consequently, many researchers lack familiarity with them and their properties, and (2) Software programs doing CDMs have been expensive and not readily available. The present paper presents a reader-friendly introduction to the CDMs and uses the CDM package (Robitzsch, Kiefer, Cathrice George, & Uenlue, 2014) in R to demonstrate the application of the generalized deterministic-input, noisy-and-gate model (G-DINA; de la Torre, 2011) and interpret the output. R is a free open source tool which can be utilized to conduct a range of CDMs which otherwise would need separate software programs to run each.Accessed 12,469 times on https://pareonline.net from April 13, 2015 to December 31, 2019. For downloads from January 1, 2020 forward, please click on the PlumX Metrics link to the right.
Studies in the spouting of mixed particle size beds
Creators: name: Reddy, Kandula Venkata Subba
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: Correlations of minimum spouting velocity, with one or two exceptions, have been reported only for particles of uniform size. If spouting techniques are to be applied to fluid-solid contacting operations other than the drying of grains, the effect of particle size distribution must also be known. In this work, spouting characteristics of a variety of materials over wide and narrow particle size distributions have been studied in a 6-inch diameter column fitted with a 60° conical bottom. Air inlets used were of a special design which resulted in improved spoutability of materials and inlet orifice varied in size from 3/8-inch to 3/4-inch. Mean particle diameters were varied from 0.0134 to 0.10U inches, solids density from 65.8 to 246.3 lb.[subscript]m/ft.3 and static bed heights from 7.5 to 40 inches. The minimum spouting- velocity for all the runs has been correlated to within ± 10% by using the arithmetic mean Tyler screen size for individual fractions of particulate materials] by assuming a geometric mean particle diameter as the characteristic diameter for individual grains of granular material and the length mean diameter as the representative diameter for mixtures of all materials. Some qualitative measurements of solids attrition rates were also made.
RESONANT METHODS FOR BEAM SIZE CONTROL IN STORAGE RINGS
Creators: name: M.BASSETTI
Publisher: name: INFN Open Access Repository
Year: 1974

description: Three methods for varying the magnetic strutture of a storage ring at constant betatron number Q_x. in order to vary the natural beam dimensions, are discussed. It is also shown that beam-beam interaction in the thin lens approximation, and dipole or gradient errors can be interpreted as magnetic structure modifications of the kind discussed.
title: Unexpected Testing Practices Affecting English Language Learners and Students with Disabilities Under No Child Left Behind
Creators: name: Fetler, Mark
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2008

description: The testing and accountability requirements of the No Child Left Behind Act impose sanctions on schools for not making adequate yearly progress in student achievement. The sanctions may encourage inappropriate practices intended to raise scores of low performing student subgroups. This article considers evidence and consequences of misclassification of English language learners as students with disabilities.
Weak coupling approximations in non-Markovian Transport
Creators: name: Zedler, Philipp
name: Schaller, Gernot
name: Kießlich, Gerold
name: Emary, Clive
name: Brandes, Tobias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the transport properties of the Fano-Anderson model with a Lorentzian-shaped density of states in one of the electronic reservoirs. We explicitly show that the energy dependence of the density of states can cause non-Markovian effects and that the non-Markovian master equation may fail if these effects are strong. We evaluate the stationary current, the zero frequency current noise and the occupation dynamics of the resonant level by means of a quantum master equation approach within different approximation schemes and compare the results to the exact solution obtained by scattering theory and Green's functions.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures; due to suggestions of a referee we have added an appendix where our kernel is derived in detail; a few typos are corrected
Determination of the phase diagram of the electron doped superconductor Ba(Fe$_{1-x}$Co$_x$)$_2$As$_2$
Creators: name: Chu, Jiun-Haw
name: Analytis, James G.
name: Kucharczyk, Chris
name: Fisher, Ian R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Systematic measurements of the resistivity, heat capacity, susceptibility and Hall coefficient are presented for single crystal samples of the electron-doped superconductor Ba(Fe$_{1-x}$Co$_x$)$_2$As$_2$. These data delineate an $x-T$ phase diagram in which the single magnetic/structural phase transition that is observed for undoped BaFe$_2$As$_2$ at 134 K apparently splits into two distinct phase transitions, both of which are rapidly suppressed with increasing Co concentration. Superconductivity emerges for Co concentrations above $x \sim 0.025$, and appears to coexist with the broken symmetry state for an appreciable range of doping, up to $x \sim 0.06$. The optimal superconducting transition temperature appears to coincide with the Co concentration at which the magnetic/structural phase transitions are totally suppressed, at least within the resolution provided by the finite step size between crystals prepared with different doping levels. Superconductivity is observed for a further range of Co concentrations, before being completely suppressed for $x \sim 0.018$ and above. The form of this $x-T$ phase diagram is suggestive of an association between superconductivity and a quantum critical point arising from suppression of the magnetic and/or structural phase transitions.
title: Insecticidal action of the combined use of spinosad and deltamethrin against three storedproduct pests in two stored hard-wheat varieties.
Creators: name: Vayias, B. J.
name: Kavallieratos, N. G.
name: Athanassiou, C. G.
name: Tatsi, G.
Publisher: name: Julius Kühn-Institut
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: spinosad
subject: deltamethrin
subject: Tribolium
subject: Sitophilus
subject: wheat
subject: variety

description: Julius-Kühn-Archiv; 425; 919-922
title: Ein Vorbild für ganz Syrien? Das Friedenskonzept des Demokratischen Konföderalismus
Creators: name: Exo, Mechthild
Publisher: name: DuEPublico
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 5
subject: FOS: Social sciences

description: Eine gesellschaftliche Befreiung und Frieden sind nur möglich, wenn auch die patriarchale Geschlechterordnung und Mentalität überwunden werden – mit dieser Botschaft für den 8. März untermauerte Abdullah Öcalan seinen „Aufruf für Frieden und eine demokratische Gesellschaft“ vom 27. Februar 2025 zur Niederlegung der Waffen und zur Auflösung der PKK (Öcalan 2025a, 2025b). Abdullah Öcalan ist politischer Philosoph und als führender Repräsentant der kurdischen Freiheitsbewegung seit 1999 in der Türkei inhaftiert. In der Frauenbewegung sieht er eine leitende Rolle für die anstehenden demokratischen Transformationen in der Türkei. Frauenorganisationen in Syrien sehen ihrerseits positive Auswirkungen, die von Öcalans Aufruf ausgehen. Welche politischen Konzepte stehen hinter diesen Entwicklungen? Welche Möglichkeiten stecken darin für einen Friedensprozess in der Region?
title: A comparison of two different methods for setting performance standards for a test with constructed-response items
Creators: name: Näsström, Gunilla
name: Nyström, Peter
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2008

description: The trustworthiness of performance standards influences the credibility of criterion-referenced large-scale testing. In this paper, two standard-setting methods are evaluated and compared, when applied to a test with polytomously scored constructed-response items. A version of the Angoff method is chosen as representative of the class of test-centred standard-setting procedures and the borderline-group method represents the class of examinee-centred procedures. The evaluation is based on procedural, internal and external evidence. The results indicate that both methods provide reasonable and trustworthy approaches to standard setting, but also confirm some of the potential problems with these methods.Accessed 23,651 times on https://pareonline.net from September 15, 2008 to December 31, 2019. For downloads from January 1, 2020 forward, please click on the PlumX Metrics link to the right.
Dead paradigms and killer paradigms. (In Spanish)
Creators: name: Montanez, Sergio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I study, by some specific examples, how the development of a scientific research project is strongly influenced by the theoretical framework at which research is done. Special attention is paid to the deep changes that the physical concept of vacuum has undergone through history. I also include a pedagogical explanation (suitable for non-specialist readers) of the central role played by this concept in present-day theoretical physics.
description: 7 pages, 1 figure
Sampling of the phases within a liquid-liquid extraction spray column
Creators: name: Bergeron, Georges
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: A study has been made of sampling techniques in a liquid-liquid extraction spray column using first a bell-shaped and a hook-shaped probe for the dispersed phase and for the continuous phase respectively. Later a piston method was attempted for the dispersed phase. The main interest in this research was the point concentration inside the column. At first, the time to reach steady state was considered in the absence of sampling. Later on, the rate of purging and sampling was varied for the probes up to 14.2 cc./min. for the continuous phase and 28.2 cc./min. for the dispersed phase. These rates were not sufficient to disturb the steady state. The measured point concentration was studied as a function of rate of sampling. Coalescence at the dispersed phase (bell-shaped) probe entrance did not take place. Finally, a piston sampler was set up and used in conjunction with the continuous phase (hook-shaped) probe as a second way to obtain point concentrations of the dispersed phase to compare with the results obtained with the bell-shaped probe. From these experiments, it can be concluded that sampling rate, varied from zero to 34.0 cc./min. for the continuous phase and from zero to 28.0 cc./min. for the dispersed phase, does not influence the point concentrations measured for column flows of 54.8 ft³/hr.-ft² and 72.4 ft³/hr.-ft² for the water and ketone phases respectively. The point concentration of the dispersed phase measured with the piston do not check definitively the results obtained with the bell-shaped probe; they do indicate that such agreement is fairly probable.
title: Practical Aspects of Task Allocation in Design and Development of Digital Closed Questions in Higher Education
Creators: name: Hartog, Rob
name: Draaijer, Silvester
name: Rietveld, Luuk
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2008

description: For projects on design and development of digital closed questions in higher education the task structure is analyzed. Based on fifteen small to mid sized projects in four universities, a practical set of tasks is defined and practical aspects of task allocation are described and discussed. Ten design and development scenarios are presented. Based on time registrations in the projects and on a few experiments, estimates are given for the most important cost categories in the budgets for the scenarios. Accessed 12,578 times on https://pareonline.net from February 01, 2008 to December 31, 2019. For downloads from January 1, 2020 forward, please click on the PlumX Metrics link to the right.
Universality in Exact Quantum State Population Dynamics and Control
Creators: name: Wu, Lian-Ao
name: Segal, Dvira
name: Egusquiza, Inigo L.
name: Brumer, Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider an exact population transition, defined as the probability of finding a state at a final time being exactly equal to the probability of another state at the initial time. We prove that, given a Hamiltonian, there always exists a complete set of orthogonal states that can be employed as time-zero states for which this exact population transition occurs. The result is general: it holds for arbitrary systems, arbitrary pairs of initial and final states, and for any time interval. The proposition is illustrated with several analytic models. In particular we demonstrate that in some cases, by tuning the control parameters a \textit{complete} transition might occur, where a target state, vacant at $t=0$, is fully populated at time $τ$.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures
title: Comparing Vertical and Horizontal Scoring of Open-Ended Questionnaires
Creators: name: Allalouf, Avi
name: Klapfer, Galit
name: Fronton, Marina
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2008

description: Although horizontal scoring is generally considered more accurate than vertical scoring (due to the elimination of halo effects), no systematic comparison of the two methods had been carried out, prior to this study. Our extensive and structured study yields a comprehensive perspective on this issue. Our findings are that: (1) in general, there is not much difference between the methods; (2) horizontal scoring is somewhat better in terms of reliability and validity; (3) the raters' feedback pointed out the differences between the methods, with some in favor of one method, others in favor of the second method; and (4) the choice of scoring method makes a difference probably only with respect to a few specific questions. Accessed 13,985 times on https://pareonline.net from September 15, 2008 to December 31, 2019. For downloads from January 1, 2020 forward, please click on the PlumX Metrics link to the right.
The Ghirlanda-Guerra identities for mixed p-spin model
Creators: name: Panchenko, Dmitry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 60K35, 82B44

description: We show that, under the conditions known to imply the validity of the Parisi formula, if the generic Sherrington-Kirkpatrick Hamiltonian contains a $p$-spin term then the Ghirlanda-Guerra identities for the $p$th power of the overlap hold in a strong sense without averaging. This implies strong version of the extended Ghirlanda-Guerra identities for mixed $p$-spin models than contain terms for all even $p\geq 2$ and $p=1.$