Idiops fuscus Perty 1833
Creators: name: Fonseca-Ferreira, Rafael
name: Guadanucci, José Paulo Leite
name: Yamamoto, Flávio Uemori
name: Brescovit, Antonio Domingos
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Idiopidae
Idiops
Idiops fuscus

description: Idiops fuscus Perty, 1833
Figs 2A–B, 4C, 6A, 7–8
Idiops fusca Perty, 1833: 197, pl. 39 fig. 5 (♂).
Sphasus idiops – Walckenaer 1837: 379 (new name for Idiops aculeatus – lapsus). — Petrunkevitch 1911: 780.
Idiops aculeatus – Walckenaer 1837: 379 (lapsus). — Petrunkevitch 1911: 775.
Idiops fuscus – O. Pickard-Cambridge 1870: 103. — Simon 1892: 92, fig. 91.
Diagnosis
Males of I. fuscus (Figs 7A–I) differ from other Neotropical species of the genus, except I. clarus and I. pirassununguensis, by having palpal tibia with a prominent projection at the base of the retrolateral depression (Fig. 7C). Differs from I. clarus and I. pirassununguensis by the strong curvature of the median portion of the embolus in dorsal view (also present in I. nilopolensis). Differs from I. nilopolensis by the distal portion of the embolus having a pronounced embolar lamella with differentiated dorsal and ventral edges (also present in I. rastratus) (Figs 7D–F, 8E–F). The females differ from other Neotropical species by the aspect of the spermathecae, composed of two ducts slightly curved outward, with a soft and nonsclerotized basal portion and a median and apical portion strongly sclerotized and by the receptacula with a much larger diameter than the duct width (Fig. 7L).
Type material
Holotype BRAZIL – Piauí • MNHN. Should be in the MNHN, lost.
Neotype (here designated) BRAZIL – Piauí • ♂; Bom Jesus, Reserva Natural Serra do Teimoso; 8°52′52.6″ S, 44°58′12″ W; 12 Jul.– 2 Aug. 2000; F. Curcioi and M. Pixo leg.; IBSP 11887.
Remark: Despite an intensive search, the type specimen of Idiops fuscus was not found in the MNHN, being considered lost. In accordance with the criteria of the ICZN Code (ICZN 1999), a neotype is designated here, because the type is lost and the original description is inadequate to stabilize the species. This neotype was based on a specimen collected near the type locality, in the state of Piauí, Brazil.
Other material examined
BRAZIL – Maranhão • 1 ♂; Carolina, Campus Hotel Rilton; 7°19′58″ S, 47°28′8″ W; 10 Dec. 2005; UFMT. – Piauí • 1 ♀; São Raimundo Nonato; 9°0′54″ S, 42°41′56″ W; 6 Dec. 1994; R. Bertani and D. Pinz leg.; IBSP 9574 • 3 ♂♂ (SEM); União, Campus OMVAPI Ltda; 4°35′9″ S, 42°51′50″ W; 2006; J. Queiroz et al. leg.; CHNUFPI 0036 • 2 ♂♂; same collection data as for preceding; CHNUFPI 0030, CHNUFPI 0038 • 1 ♂; Guaribas, Parque Nacional da Serra das Confusões; 9°12′55.5″ S, 43°29′.1″ W; 14 Dec. 2010; F.S. Silva leg.; CHNUFPI 4033 • 1 ♂; Guaribas, Parque Nacional da Serra das Confusões; 9°13′12.3″ S, 43°29′26.7″ W; 9–15 Dec. 2010; L.S. Carvalho leg.; CHNUFPI 4034 • 1 ♂; Guaribas, Parque Nacional da Serra das Confusões; 9°13′32.4″ S, 43°27′46.9″ W; 10 Dec. 2010; F.S. Silva leg.; CHNUFPI 4032. – Ceará • 1 ♂; Crato, Parque Estadual Sítio do Fundão; 7°13′3″ S, 39°20′21″ W; May 2016; IBSP 218297. – Pernambuco • 2 ♂♂; Caruaru, Brejo; 8°16′58″ S, 35°58′33″ W; Nov. 2010; H. Amorin leg.; IBSP 243978, IBSP 243980 • 1 ♂; Serra Talhada; 7°59′9″ S, 38°17′45″ W; Nov. 2010; H. Amorin leg.; IBSP 243979. – Bahia • 1 ♀; Santa Inês, BR420; 13°15′48.7″ S, 39°47′2.8″ W; 18 Jun. 2018; P.H. Martins and E.A. Araújo leg.; UFMG 24028 • 1 ♀; Brumado, Magnesita; 14°10′51.5″ S, 41°42′0.7″ W; 24 Feb. 2017; P. Martins leg.; UFMG 24029. – Mato Grosso • 1 ♂; Chapada dos Guimarães; 15°27′39″ S, 55°45′0″ W; 23 Mar. 2001; C. Strussmann leg.; MCTP 12212. – Minas Gerais • 1 ♂; Itaobim; 16º31′58.6″ S, 41º30′37.5″ W; 25 Nov. 2011; I.L.F. Magalhães et al. leg.; UFMG 10098. – Mato Grosso do Sul • 4 ♂♂; Corumbá, Serra do Amolar; 17°94′32″ S, 57°55′47″ W; 8–12 May 2001; C. Strussmann leg.; MCTP 12193 • 1 ♀; Bonito; 21°7′15″ S, 56°28′55″ W; Oct. 2002; C.A. Rheims leg.; IBSP 225943 • 1 ♂; Bonito, Abismo Anhumas; 21°08′60″ S, 56°36′00″ W; Oct. 2002; C.A. Rheims leg.; IBSP 243976 • 2 ♂♂; same collection data as for preceding; IBSP 243974 • 3 ♂♂; same collection data as for preceding; IBSP 243975.
Description
Male (neotype IBSP 11887)
HABITUS. See Fig. 7A.
MEASUREMENTS. TBL 11.2, CL 5.3, CW 5, LL 0.7, LW 1, SL 3, SW 2.7.
COLOR. Brown carapace and legs, light brown sternum and coxae (Fig. 7A–B), grayish brown abdomen.
PROSOMA. Carapace and ocular arrangement as shown in Fig. 7A. Eye distance AME-ALE 0.6. Eye diameters: AME 0.3, ALE 0.3, PME 0.2, PLE 0.3. Thoracic fovea procurved (Fig. 7A). Labium and sternum without cuspules (Fig. 7B). Basal segment of chelicerae with a prolateral row of 10 large teeth and a retrolateral row of 10 small teeth, grouped in basal half, rastellum with 10–12 spines, distal ones longer (Fig. 8A–B).
LEGS. Tibia, metatarsus and tarsus I as shown in Fig. 7G. Leg I with double tibial apophysis composed of a short, thickened basal branch with a small tapered spine and an apical branch composed of a base twice the size of the basal branch, a thickened apical spine followed by two smaller spines (Figs 7H–I, 8C). Pseudoscopula: tarsus I with apical half with weak coverage (Fig. 7G); tarsus II, III and IV fully covered.
PALP. Tibia with conspicuous retrolateral depression and spines distributed along margin (Fig. 7C); embolus with torsion in apical portion, followed by a pronounced lamella, with upper and lower edges with different sizes (Figs 7D–F, 8E–F).
PALP AND LEG MEASUREMENTS. Palp = 8.8 (3, 1.4, 3, 1.4), I = 22.1 (6.6, 3, 4.7, 5, 2.8), II = 18.9 (5.7, 2.5, 3.9, 4.4, 2.4), III = 16.6 (4.5, 2.3, 2.8, 4.6, 2.4), IV = 22.7 (5.9, 2.7, 5.2, 6, 2.9).
SPINATION. Palp: Ti r20, Ta d0-0-8. Leg I: Pa v0-0-4, Mt v0-12, Ta p0-1-1, r1-1-1. Leg II: Ti v0-1-1-2, Mt v1-2-1-3, Ta p1-1-2, r1-1-3. Leg III: Fe d1-2-2, Pa p3-2-4, r0 -0-4, Ti d0-1-0, v1-2-2, p1-1-4, r1-1-2, Mt v2-2-1-3, p1-1-1, r3-1-0, Ta p1-2-3, r0-1-1. Leg IV: Fe d1-1-2, Ti v1-1-3, Mt v1-1-1-3, Ta p1-1-4, r0-0-2.
Female (IBSP 9574)
HABITUS. See Fig. 7J.
MEASUREMENTS. TBL 18.9, CL 8.2, CW 6.9, LL 1.2, LW 1.5, SL 4.7, SW 4.
COLOR. Brown carapace and legs, light brown sternum and coxae (Fig. 7J–K), grayish brown abdomen.
PROSOMA. Carapace and ocular arrangement as shown in Fig. 7J. Eye tubercle: 1.75 long, 1.83 wide. Distance AME-ALE 1. Eye diameters: AME 0.4, ALE 0.4, PME 0.3, PLE 0.5. Thoracic fovea procurved (Fig. 7J). Labium with 7 cuspules (Fig. 7K). Maxilla with 56 cuspules, distributed over anterior ventral half (Fig. 7K). Basal segment of chelicerae with a prolateral row of 10 large teeth and a retrolateral row of 10 small teeth, grouped in basal half. Robust rastellum, presenting 18–20 short and thick spines on a tubercle.
PALP AND LEG MEASUREMENTS. Palp = 12.3 (4.2, 2.7, 2.8, 2.6), I = 13.6 (4.6, 2.9, 2.9, 2.3, 0.9), II = 12.95 (4.3, 2.9, 2.5, 2.2, 1), III = 13.8 (3.7, 3.1, 2.3, 2.9, 1.85), IV = 19.4 (5.4, 3.8, 4.1, 4, 2.1).
SPINATION. Palp: Fe p0-0-2, Pa p0-0-1, Ti p3-6-7, r3-5-12, Ta v0-0-7, p7-7-7, r11-9-7. Leg I: Ti p3-4-8, r3-6-12, Mt p9-6-5, r8-7-5, Ta v0-0-5, p4-3-2, r4-2-2. Leg II: Ti p3-3-5, r1-1-1, Mt p9-7-7, r3-3-2, Ta v0-0-3, p4-5-2, r3-1-0. Leg III: Pa p3-5-10, r0-0-2, Ti v0-0-2, p1-3-3, r0-2-6, Mt v1r-1r-2, p7-1-1, r7-2-1, Ta v0-3-8. Leg IV: Pa p17-0-0, Ti v1-1-1, Mt v1-1-1-3, Ta v0-3-8.
SPERMATHECAE. Duct with apical half thicker than its basal half, oval receptacula (Fig. 7L).
Distribution
Brazil. Widely distributed, occurring in areas with phytophysiognomies in the Caatinga and Cerrado. Records for Central-West region (Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul), Northeast region (Bahia, Ceará, Maranhão, Paraíba, Pernambuco and Piauí) and the northern part of Minas Gerais (Fig. 4C).
description: Published as part of Fonseca-Ferreira, Rafael, Guadanucci, José Paulo Leite, Yamamoto, Flávio Uemori & Brescovit, Antonio Domingos, 2021, Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical spiders of the genus Idiops Perty, 1833 (Araneae, Idiopidae), with description of four new species, pp. 1-71 in European Journal of Taxonomy 780 (1) on pages 11-15, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2021.780.1581, http://zenodo.org/record/5761280