cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Making confining strings out of mesons
Creators: name: Kitano, Ryuichiro
name: Nakamura, Mitsutoshi
name: Yokoi, Naoto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The light mesons such as pi, rho, omega, f0, and a0 are possible candidates of magnetic degrees of freedom, if a magnetic dual picture of QCD exists. We construct a linear sigma model to describe spontaneous breaking of the magnetic gauge group, in which there is a stable vortex configuration of vector and scalar mesons. We numerically examine whether such a string can be interpreted as the confining string. By using meson masses and couplings as inputs, we calculate the tension of the string as well as the strength of the Coulomb force between static quarks. They are found to be consistent with those inferred from the quarkonium spectrum and the Regge trajectories of hadrons. By using the same Lagrangian, the critical temperature of the QCD phase transition is estimated, and a non-trivial flavor dependence is predicted. We also discuss a possible connection between the Seiberg duality and the magnetic model we studied.
description: 22 pages, 2 figures, 3 tables, typos corrected, references added
Responses of grazing households to different levels of payments for ecosystem services
Creators: name: Shen, Weiwei
name: Zhou, Ting
name: Chang, Hong
name: Qiu, Xiao
name: Liu, Yahong
name: Sun, Hailian
name: Zhai, Xiu
name: Yang, Hongbo
name: Liu, Guihuan
name: Yang, Wu
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Payments for Ecosystem Services (PES) programs have been implemented globally to protect ecosystems while securing the well-being of affected people. Reasonable payment standards are key to successful PES programs. Although some approaches are available for determining payment standards, few studies have applied them for grassland conservation with location indicators and socioeconomic contexts properly considered. Using China’s first pilot Grassland Ecological Compensation Policy (GECP) as an example, we analyzed the effects of payment levels, other natural and socioeconomic factors on herders’ willingness to participate in the GECP in Damao County in Inner Mongolia where grassland degradation is happening at an alarming rate due to overgrazing and cropland expansion. Our results show that households with lower herding income, older age, higher education, larger grassland areas, and worse social relationships are more inclined to participate in the GECP. Conservation payment level, as well as natural and socioeconomic contextual factors, significantly affect the response of herdsmen, and a reasonable grassland payment standard with a 95% policy compliance rate should be 8.8 yuan mu−1. Our findings can inform governments to develop effective PES programs to balance the need of human well-being improvement and grassland conservation in China and beyond.
Tehetségkereső és -fejlesztő programok a Magyarországi Református Egyház nevelési és oktatási intézményeiben
Creators: name: Ábrám, Tibor
name: Sarka, Ferenc
Publisher: name: Debreceni Egyetem
Year: 2016

description: Különleges Bánásmód, vol. 2. issue 2. ISSN 2498-5368
Axiverse and Black Hole
Creators: name: Kodama, Hideo
name: Yoshino, Hirotaka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: String theory/M-theory generally predicts that axionic fields with a broad mass spectrum extending below 10^{-10}eV are produced after compactification to four dimensions. These axions/fields provoke a rich variety of cosmophysical phenomena on different scales depending on their masses and provide us new windows to probe the ultimate theory. In this article, after overviewing this axiverse idea, I take up the black hole instability as the most fascinating one among such axionic phenomena and explain its physical mechanism and astrophysical predictions.
description: References added; 32 pages, 24 figures. Based on the lecture at the 2011 Shanghai Asia-Pacific School and Workshop on Gravitation
New early Permian paleopoles from Sardinia confirm intra-Pangea mobility
Creators: name: Bachtadse, V.
name: Aubele, K.
name: Muttoni, Giovanni
name: Ronchi, Ausonio
name: Kirscher, Uwe
name: Kent, Dennis V.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Paleomagnetism
Paleogeography
Geodynamics
Plate tectonics

description: We present new paleomagnetic results for the early and middle Permian (18 sites and 167 samples) from se- dimentary and volcanic rocks from northern and central-southern Sardinia (Italy). Characteristic directions magnetization have been retrieved using stepwise thermal demagnetization techniques. The bedding corrected site mean directions for the northern and central-southern Sardinian basins show similar inclinations but differ significantly in declination indicating rotations of up to 55° between the two regions. No indication for in- clination shallowing was observed. When corrected for the opening of the Ligurian Sea in the Cenozoic and the Bay of Biscay in the Cretaceous, the resulting paleopoles for northern Sardinia (Latitude 46.6°S, Longitude 46.7°W) and southern Sardinia (Latitude 42.8°S, Longitude 35.0°E), transferred into European coordinates are displaced from the coeval reference poles for stable Europe by ∼30° clockwise and ∼45° counterclockwise, respectively, with a rotation pole located close to the sampling region. Statistical parameters for the inclination- only mean for the 18 sites improve after applying the appropriate tilt corrections, suggesting that the magne- tization was acquired before tectonic tilt and therefore allows to date the observed rotations to predate a mid Permian(?) folding event. These new results are in agreement with paleomagnetic data from the Sardinian dyke provinces and support earlier interpretations that the differences in general strike observed there are a secondary feature. Combining the data presented here with published data for the Corso-Sardinian block and the greater Mediterranean realm, we argue that the differential block rotations identified in Permian sediments and volcanic rocks reflect post-Variscan intra-Pangea mobility localized along a wide zone of deformation.
Shift work, stress and heart disease among paramedics
Creators: name: Wong, Imelda S.Y.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: Shift work and work-related stress is a rising concern among the workforce population because of the potential link to cardiovascular disease (CVD). While these exposures are common in emergency services, there are few studies examining if these factors increase CVD risk among paramedics. The aim of this dissertation is to address this research gap. The first study examined neuroendocrine activity related to shift work and job strain. Shift workers (n=14) reported higher job strain than daytime workers (n=7) and exhibited neuroendocrine dysregulation through salivary biomarkers (alpha-amylase and cortisol) and subclinical CVD indicators (heart rate variability and endothelial functioning). The sampling protocol developed in this study can be used for future, large-scale field studies. The second and third studies used records of emergency runs attended by British Columbia (BC) paramedics between 1990/1 and 2002 to derive exposures, and administrative records from the BC Linked Health Database to ascertain CVD cases. The second study used a nested case-control design with 11 years follow-up (n = 183 – 742). Three controls were matched per case by age, sex and first year of employment. Results of conditional logistic regression did not support hypotheses that shift work was associated with hypertension, chronic coronary syndrome nor acute coronary syndrome; nor that time away from shift work may reduce the risk of CVD. However, development of novel shift work metrics which incorporated periods of neuroendocrine dysregulation and recovery should be considered in future studies. The third study used a case-crossover design to compare exposures during 4 days prior to onset of acute coronary events to exposures in 4 randomly chosen days in the month prior for each acute coronary case (n=65). Results suggest non-significant increased risks of acute coronary syndrome were associated with busy work days, high-stress emergencies and discrepancies between dispatched information and diagnosis at the scene. A delay in onset of acute coronary events was also observed. Results suggest current psychological debriefing sessions may not be effective and that considerations should be made to improve mental health programs to reduce psychological strain.
Allocating resources fairly among group members: The medium of exchange matters
Creators: name: DeVoe, Sanford E.
name: Iyengar, Sheena Sethi
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: Business
Distributive justice
Money
Barter
Social norms

description: All organized groups face the fundamental problem of how to allocate resources fairly. Managers often confront this challenge when deciding whether to reward individual or team performance. Building upon recent research that demonstrates the unique norms invoked by the resource of money, we propose that what individuals' judge to be a fair allocation principle among group members systematically varies as a function of whether the resource being distributed is money versus other resources that are allocated within organizations. We review prior research examining contextual variables influencing allocation preferences and attempt to identify the different characteristics of money as a resource that might influence conceptions of fairness. In light of the existing research, we argue that an egalitarian allocation principle will be understood to be less fair when the norms of the market are invoked by the distribution of a resource that is a medium of exchange (e.g., money) rather than an in-kind good (e.g. food). We conclude by discussing the implications of identifying the unique properties of money for a wide set of literatures. This novel perspective on the role the allocation medium plays in how groups allocate resources fairly will be of interest to scholars of justice.
title: Reduction of by-catch in a small meshed trawl fishery through gear developments
Creators: name: Eigaard, Ole Ritzau
name: Nielsen, J. Rasmus
Publisher: name: ASC 2009 - Theme session M
Year: 2024
Subjects: Fisheries and aquaculture
Technologies and data

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.A light weight sorting grid was developed in order to improve sustainability in the small meshed Norway pout trawl fishery in the North Sea having extensive by-catch problems. The aim was to identify potential technical management measures, which can reduce unintended by-catch through improved gear selectivity. The grid was tested in various configurations, with the objective to optimize grid handling and selectivity. Experimental fishery conducted at Fladen Ground demonstrated the possibility of conducting a very clean fishery for Norway pout with only a minimum of un-intended by-catch. Fishery with two different grid orientations, backwards leaned and forwards leaned, resulted in Norway Pout catches of 96.4% and 96.3% of total catch weight in cod end, respectively, with only limited loss of target species (7.3% and 11.5% of potential catch). Both grid orientations were also highly efficient at sorting out other gadoids (haddock, whiting, cod, hake and saithe), releasing app. 90% in weight of those entering the trawl. Observed catch differences between orientations are probably associated with different species/size availability of the three trials. After several modifications, a final design of an enforced down-scaled and forward leaned grid solved all handling problems encountered. However, the grid durability was still not entirely satisfactory and further development has to secure long time grid performance under commercial fishing conditions.
Decomposition of entanglement entropy in lattice gauge theory
Creators: name: Donnelly, William
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider entanglement entropy between regions of space in lattice gauge theory. The Hilbert space corresponding to a region of space includes edge states that transform nontrivially under gauge transformations. By decomposing the edge states in irreducible representations of the gauge group, the entropy of an arbitrary state is expressed as the sum of three positive terms: a term associated with the classical Shannon entropy of the distribution of boundary representations, a term that appears only for non-Abelian gauge theories and depends on the dimension of the boundary representations, and a term representing nonlocal correlations. The first two terms are the entropy of the edge states, and depend only on observables measurable at the boundary. These results are applied to several examples of lattice gauge theory states, including the ground state in the strong coupling expansion of Kogut and Susskind. In all these examples we find that the entropy of the edge states is the dominant contribution to the entanglement entropy.
description: 8 pages. v2: added references, expanded derivation, matches PRD version
On Teaching the History of Nineteenth-Century Music
Creators: name: Frisch, Walter M.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Musicology
Romanticism in music
Music--Instruction and study
Nineteenth century

description: This essay is adapted from the author’s “Reflections on Teaching Nineteenth-Century Music,” in The Norton Guide to Teaching Music History, ed. C. Matthew Balensuela (New York: W. W Norton, 2019).
Random Forest Variable Selection for Mapping Changes from Grasslands to Arable Lands with help of Sentinel 2 data
Creators: name: Sandera, Jiri
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 50205 Environmental Management
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Supplementary Material for Scientific Article ,,Mapping Changes from Grasslands to Arable Lands based on Random Forest Variable Importance Metrics"
Pölich. Zu dem Wasserbecken aus der römischen Villa
Creators: name: Krüger, Emil
Publisher: name: Trierer Zeitschrift - Archäologie und Kunst des Trierer Landes und seiner Nachbargebiete
Year: 2025

description: Trierer Zeitschrift - Archäologie und Kunst des Trierer Landes und seiner Nachbargebiete, Bd. 7 (1932): Trierer Zeitschrift : Vierteljahreshefte für Geschichte und Kunst des Trierer Landes und seiner Nachbargebiete
Singularity-free model of electric charge in physical vacuum: Non-zero spatial extent and mass generation
Creators: name: Dzhunushaliev, Vladimir
name: Zloshchastiev, Konstantin G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a model of a spinless electrical charge as a self-consistent field configuration of the electromagnetic (EM) field interacting with a physical vacuum effectively described by the logarithmic quantum Bose liquid. We show that, in contrast to the EM field propagating in a trivial vacuum, a regular solution does exist, and both its mass and spatial extent emerge naturally from dynamics. It is demonstrated that the charge and energy density distribution acquire Gaussian-like form. The solution in the logarithmic model is stable and energetically favourable, unlike that obtained in a model with a quartic (Higgs-like) potential.
description: 10 pages, 9 figures, final/published version
Ocean circulation, ice shelf, and sea ice interactions explain Dansgaard–Oeschger cycles
Creators: name: Boers, Niklas
name: Ghil, Michael
name: Rousseau, Denis-Didier
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Ocean circulation
Ice shelves
Paleoclimatology
Oxygen--Isotopes
Sea ice
Climatic changes--Mathematical models

description: The last glacial interval experienced abrupt climatic changes called Dansgaard–Oeschger (DO) events. These events manifest themselves as rapid increases followed by slow decreases of oxygen isotope ratios in Greenland ice core records. Despite promising advances, a comprehensive theory of the DO cycles, with their repeated ups and downs of isotope ratios, is still lacking. Here, based on earlier hypotheses, we introduce a dynamical model that explains the DO variability by rapid retreat and slow regrowth of thick ice shelves and thin sea ice in conjunction with changing subsurface water temperatures due to insulation by the ice cover. Our model successfully reproduces observed features of the records, such as the sawtooth shape of the DO cycles, waiting times between DO events across the last glacial, and the shifted antiphase relationship between Greenland and Antarctic ice cores. Our results show that these features can be obtained via internal feedbacks alone. Warming subsurface waters could have also contributed to the triggering of Heinrich events. Our model thus offers a unified framework for explaining major features of multimillennial climate variability during glacial intervals.
Non-Equilibrium Thermo Field Dynamics for Relativistic Complex Scalar and Dirac Fields
Creators: name: Mizutani, Yuichi
name: Inagaki, Tomohiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Relativistic quantum field theories for complex scalar and Dirac fields are investigated in non-equilibrium thermo field dynamics. The thermal vacuum is defined by the Bogoliubov transformed creation and annihilation operators. Two independent Bogoliubov parameters are introduced for a charged field. Its difference naturally induces the chemical potential. Time-dependent thermal Bogoliubov transformation generates the thermal counter terms. We fix the terms by the self-consistency renormalization condition. Evaluating the thermal self-energy under the self-consistency renormalization condition, we derive the quantum Boltzmann equations for the relativistic fields.
description: 41 pages,2 figures
Competitive Comparison of Optimal Designs of Experiments for Sampling-based Sensitivity Analysis
Creators: name: Janouchova, Eliska
name: Kucerova, Anna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Nowadays, the numerical models of real-world structures are more precise, more complex and, of course, more time-consuming. Despite the growth of a computational effort, the exploration of model behaviour remains a complex task. The sensitivity analysis is a basic tool for investigating the sensitivity of the model to its inputs. One widely used strategy to assess the sensitivity is based on a finite set of simulations for a given sets of input parameters, i.e. points in the design space. An estimate of the sensitivity can be then obtained by computing correlations between the input parameters and the chosen response of the model. The accuracy of the sensitivity prediction depends on the choice of design points called the design of experiments. The aim of the presented paper is to review and compare available criteria determining the quality of the design of experiments suitable for sampling-based sensitivity analysis.
description: 18 pages, 15 figures, 4 tables, CSC2011 special issue, corrected and extended after the first review
ALMA observations of high redshift radio galaxies
Creators: name: De Breuck, Carlos
name: Emonts, Bjorn
name: Wang, Wuji
name: Wylezalek, Dominika
name: Lin, Lingrui
name: Huang, Howard Hoa Tse
name: Man, Allison W. S.
name: Kolwa, Sthabile
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Radio galaxies are the most massive and luminous galaxies at any epoch (Miley & De Breuck 2008). They are located at the bottom of a huge potential well and hence often located at the centre of protoclusters. This  makes them ideal targets to study accretion of gas from the circumgalactic medium (CGM), as well as its enrichment by mechanical and radiative AGN feedback.
Analysis on a General Class of Holographic Type Dark Energy Models
Creators: name: Huang, Zhuo-Peng
name: Wu, Yue-Liang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a detail analysis on a general class of holographic type dark energy models characterized by the length scale $L=\frac1{a^n(t)}\int_0^t dt' a^m(t')$. We show that $n \geq 0$ is required by the recent cosmic accelerated expansion of universe. In the early universe dominated by the constituent with constant equation of state $w_m$, we have $w_{de}\simeq -1-\frac{2n}{3}$ for $n \geq 0$ and $m<0$, and $w_{de}\simeq-\frac23(n-m)+w_m$ for $n > m \geq 0$. The models with $n > m \geq 0$ become single-parameter models like the $Λ$CDM model due to the analytic feature $Ω_{de}\simeq \frac{d^2}4(2m+3w_m+3)^2a^{2(n-m)}$ at radiation- and matter-dominated epoch. Whereas the cases $n=m\geq 0$ should be abandoned as the dark energy cannot dominate the universe forever and there might be too large fraction of dark energy in early universe, and the cases $m> n \geq 0$ are forbidden by the self-consistent requirement $Ω_{de}\ll1 $ in the early universe. Thus a detailed study on the single-parameter models corresponding to cases $n >m \geq 0$ is carried out by using recent observations. The best-fit analysis indicates that the conformal-age-like models with $n=m+1$, i.e. $L\propto\frac1{Ha}$ in early universe, are more favored and also the models with smaller $n$ for the given $n-m$ are found to fit the observations better. The equation of state of the dark energy in models with $n=m+1 >0$ transits from $w_{de}-1$ in radiation- and matter-dominated epoch, and then back to $w_{de}
description: 20 pages, 5 figures, minor typos corrected, reference added, published version in JCAP
Reflections on Teaching Music 17: Hip Hop
Creators: name: Chodos, Asher Tobin
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Musicology
Rap (Music)
Education, Higher
Music--Instruction and study
Musical canon

description: In 2019, my last year of graduate school, I taught the department’s undergraduate history of Hip Hop. This essay reflects on some of the many issues this course raises.
STOIK FALSAFASI: UNING PAYDO BO'LISHI VA JAMIYATGA TA'SIRI
Creators: name: Jurayeva, Dilnoza
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Eramizdan avvalgi ikkinchi asrda Afinada paydo bo'lib, keyinchalik Grek faylasufi Kitionlik Zenon tomonidan ochilgan stoitsizm deb nomlanuvchi falsafa maktabining xususiyat va ta'siri haqida ko'plab nashrlar mavjud. Ushbu tezis Seneka, Kleera va imperator Mark Avrelli kabi Rim intellektual va siyosiy elitasi tomonidan taqdim etilgandan keyin Stoaning dastlabki davridagi maktabiga xos bo'lgan fasafiy tamoyillarning qisqacha ko'rinishini yoritishni maqsad qilgan.
Eta-meson production in the resonance energy region
Creators: name: Shklyar, V.
name: Lenske, H.
name: Mosel, U.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform an updated coupled-channel analysis of eta-meson production including all recent photoproduction data on the proton. The dip observed in the differential cross sections at c.m. energies W=1.68 GeV is explained by destructive interference between the $S_{11}(1535)$ and $S_{11}(1560)$ states. The effect from $P_{11}(1710)$ is found to be small but still important to reproduce the correct shape of the differential cross section. For the $π^- N \to ηN$ scattering we suggest a reaction mechanism in terms of the $S_{11}(1535)$, $S_{11}(1560)$, and $P_{11}(1710)$ states. Our conclusion on the importance of the $S_{11}(1535)$, $S_{11}(1560)$, and $P_{11}(1710)$ resonances in the eta-production reactions is in line with our previous results. No strong indication for a narrow state with a width of 15 MeV and the mass of 1680 MeV is found in the analysis. $ηN$ scattering length is extracted and discussed.
description: replaced with a published version, pole parameters and scattering lengths are added
Brane world regularization of point particle classical self-energy
Creators: name: Linares, Román
name: Morales-Técotl, Hugo A.
name: Pedraza, Omar
name: Pimentel, Luis O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Physical effects in brane worlds models emerge by the incorporation of field modes coming from extra dimensions with the usual four dimensional ones. Such effects can be tested with well established experiments to set bounds on the parameters of the brane models. In this work we extend a previous result which gave finite electromagnetic potentials and self energies for a source looking pointlike to an observer sitting in a 4D Minkowski subspace of a single brane of a Randall-Sundrum spacetime including compact dimensions, and along which the source stretches uniformly. We show that a scalar particle produces a nonsingular static potential, possess a finite self-energy and that technically its analysis is very similar to the electrostatic case. As for the latter, we use the deviations from the Coulomb potential to set bounds on the anti de Sitter radius of the brane model on the basis of two experiments, namely, one of the Cavendish type and other being the scattering of electrons by Helium atoms. We found these are less stringent than others previously obtained using the Lamb shift in Hydrogen.
description: 23 pages, 4 figures
title: The Russian experience of using at-sea observer data for estimation of discards in the Barents Sea
Creators: name: E.V.Gusev
name: K.M.Sokolov
name: K.V.Drevetnyak
Publisher: name: ASC 2009 - Theme session M
Year: 2024
Subjects: Fisheries and aquaculture
Technologies and data

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.The Barents Sea is an area of large-scale demersal fishery. Russian demersal fishery in the Barents Sea is based on two species, i.e. cod and haddock (85% of the total demersal fish catch). Fishery is conducted all the year round in the entire Barents Sea. This is a large-scale fishery, and a bycatch of non-target fish, the number of which, by recent Russian data, exceeds 200 species, cannot be avoided. Such bycatches, especially those of non-commercial species, can be discarded. Additionally, trawl catches, depending on the season and fishing area, contain a certain amount of undersized cod and haddock which can also be discarded. PINRO has developed a scheme for collecting biological and catch data by scientific observers onboard fishing vessels. At-sea observer data are used to estimate discards by Russian fleet fishing for demersal species in the Barents Sea. The paper presents estimates of discards in the Russian demersal fishery and describes measures to reduce discards in the Barents Sea currently used in Russia. Other measures which have potential for reducing bycatch are proposed
California Winter Precipitation Predictability: Insights From the Anomalous 2015–2016 and 2016–2017 Seasons
Creators: name: Singh, Deepti
name: Ting, Mingfang
name: Scaife, Adam A.
name: Martin, Nicola
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Climatic changes
Precipitation variability
Precipitation forecasting
Climatic changes--Models
Arctic oscillation

description: The unexpected dry 2015–2016 El Niño winter and extremely wet 2016–2017 La Niña winter in California challenged current seasonal prediction systems. Using the Met Office GloSea5 forecast ensemble, we study the precipitation and circulation differences between these seasons and identify processes relevant to California precipitation predictions. The ensemble mean accurately predicts the midlatitude atmospheric circulation differences between these years, indicating that these differences were predictable responses to the strong oceanic forcing differences. The substantial California precipitation differences were poorly predicted with large uncertainty. Notable differences in high-latitude circulation anomalies associated with internal variability distinguish the ensemble members that successfully simulate precipitation from those that do not. Specifically, accurate representation of the Arctic Oscillation phase differences improves the accuracy of simulated precipitation differences but these differences were not well predicted in the ensemble mean for these seasons. Improved representation of high-latitude processes such as the Arctic Oscillation and polar-midlatitude teleconnections could therefore improve California seasonal predictions.
The Emergence of American Formalism
Creators: name: Tenen, Dennis
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Criticism
Comparative literature
Modernism (Literature)
Philology

description: The American Formalist archive presents compelling evidence for a movement concerned with the techniques of mass literary production. Contemporaneous and in some cases antecedent to European formalisms, the American school contributed to a significant expansion of letters, affecting both the theory and the practice of “industrial modernism.” In the arc of the book’s argument, the mass deployment of literary technique represents a significant early step toward the automation of creative labor. Mounting a concerted attack on the Romantic notion of authorship, the formalists advanced a program of teachable technique, by which habits of writing well-the good and the beautiful—could be distilled, refined, and transmitted to an emerging class of professional writers.
Molecular beam epitaxy of magnetic oxynitride films : construction of a combined growth/analysis system, development of experimental tools and investigation of two oxynitride systems
Creators: name: Wicks, Ryan Christopher
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: The overarching theme of this thesis is the growth and characterization of thin ferromagnetic oxide films. This is a very broad project, and as a result, this thesis covers a variety of related topics. These include technical aspects, like the design and commissioning of a combined film growth and analysis system (Chapter 2), the development of an algorithm to build up surface diffraction patterns from single-reflection high-energy electron diffraction images (Chapter 3) and a chapter detailing methods to measure and correct for various non-linearities in the response of electron analyzers used in photo-electron spectroscopy (Chapter 4). An intermediate chapter (Chapter 5) deals with theoretical calculations to determine the effect of substituting pnictogens (nitrogen, phosphorous and arsenic, specifically) for oxygen in EuO. In particular, it is determined which systems are most likely to synthesize without phase separating and how the system reacts to the addition of acceptor sites from the pnictogen. This information motivates the experimental work in Chapter 6 on nitrogen-substituted EuO, which uses a novel growth technique to produce the first example of a mixed valent europium system. Both the development of a novel growth technique and the study of a new type of ferromagnetic semiconductor are important first steps in building future spintronic devices. The final chapter (Chapter 7) details attempts to grow nitrogen-substituted SrO in an attempt to induce ferromagnetic ordering in a normally non-magnetic oxide by spin polarizing the p-states. The results in this last chapter demonstrate that p-state derived magnetism is present in SrO(₁₋x)Nx.
The ergodic theory of hyperbolic groups
Creators: name: Calegari, Danny
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20F10, 20F32, 20F67, 37D20, 60B15, 60J50, 68Q70

description: These notes are a self-contained introduction to the use of dynamical and probabilistic methods in the study of hyperbolic groups. Most of this material is standard; however some of the proofs given are new, and some results are proved in greater generality than have appeared in the literature. These notes originated in a minicourse given at a workshop in Melbourne, July 11-15 2011.
description: 37 pages, 5 figures; incorporates referee's comments
title: Maximising the survival of bycatch - discarded by commercial estuarine fishers in New South Wales, Australia
Creators: name: Broadhurst, Matt
name: Uhlmann, Sebastian
name: Millar, Russell
name: Brand, Craig
Publisher: name: ASC 2009 - Theme session M
Year: 2024
Subjects: Fisheries and aquaculture
Technologies and data

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.Maximising the survival of bycatch - discarded by commercial estuarine fishers in New South Wales, Australia.
An Intensified Mode of Variability Modulating the Summer Heat Waves in Eastern Europe and Northern China
Creators: name: Deng, Kaiqiang
name: Yang, Song
name: Ting, Mingfang
name: Lin, Ailan
name: Wang, Ziqian
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Heat waves (Meteorology)
subject: Geophysics
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Anticyclones
subject: Atmospheric models
subject: Atmospheric circulation

description: This study investigates the leading pattern of Eurasian summer heat waves (HWs) using observed and simulated data sets and reveals an intensified mode of variability that bridges the HWs in eastern Europe (EE) and northern China (NC). The concurrent variability of the HWs in EE and NC is primarily driven by an atmospheric circum-global teleconnection that induces anomalous anticyclones over the two regions. The observed upward trends in EE and NC HW days could be related to the warm sea surface temperatures around Greenland Island, which may weaken the Atlantic westerly jet stream and lead to amplified wave trains at the exit of the jet, resulting in strengthened anticyclones over EE and NC that favor the occurrences of HWs. The Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory high-resolution atmospheric model fails to simulate the EE and NC HWs, due probably to the model’s poor representation of the South Asian summer rainfall.
One-loop corrections to holographic Wilson loop in AdS4xCP3
Creators: name: Kim, Hyojoong
name: Kim, Nakwoo
name: Lee, Jung Hun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The evaluation of BPS Wilson loops in N=6, D=3 Chern-Simons matter theory is reduced to ordinary matrix integrals via localization technique. It is easy to check that the vacuum expectation value of 1/2 BPS Wilson loops at leading order in planar limit agrees with the regularized classical string action, via AdS/CFT. Then the subleading terms in principle can be calculated by treating the string theory semi-classically. In this article we calculate the one-loop determinant for fluctuation modes of holographic Wilson loop in the dual geometry AdS4xCP3. The fermionic normal mode frequencies are expressed in terms of the hypergeometric function, and we compute the one-loop effective action numerically. The discrepancy with localization formula is due to the zero mode normalization constant, which is yet to be determined.
description: 14pages, 1 fig. v3. Major revision. Due to an error in previous version, the calculation is largely re-done
Helping Students Find the Words: Understanding Role-Plays to Better Build Clinical Skills -- Workshop for #APM19
Creators: name: Shear, Katherine
name: Garay, Kristin
name: Marquart, Matthea S.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Social work education
Social workers--Training of
Social service
Instructional systems--Design
Web-based instruction

description: This interactive workshop is for social workers who want to learn about and participate in an innovative in-class clinical skills activity that challenges students to “find the words” as a therapist.
Blueprint of Shopping Center Parking Sketch J Revised, November 2, 1939
Creators: name: Smythe, Richard Haviland
name: Melville, Ward, 1887-1977
name: Organization, Ward Melville Heritage
name: Stony Brook Community Fund
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 0
Subjects: Stony Brook
Sketches
Blueprints
Plans
Architects
Shopping centers
Architectural drawings
Stores & shops

description: This blueprint shows a revised sketch "J" for a proposed shopping center located in Stony Brook, L. I. This plan was completed by architect Richard Haviland Smythe, located at 681 fifth avenue, New York. Building for D.T. Bayles & Son.
Increased Frequency of Summer Extreme Heat Waves over Texas Area Tied to the Amplification of Pacific Zonal SST Gradient
Creators: name: Deng, Kaiqiang
name: Ting, Mingfang
name: Yang, Song
name: Tan, Yaheng
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Climatic changes
Global warming
Heat waves (Meteorology)
Ocean temperature--Research

description: Summer extreme heat waves (EHWs) over the Texas area and their trend are investigated using observations and atmospheric general circulation model (AGCM) output. There is a positive linear trend in Texas EHW days for the period 1979–2015.While the interannual variability of the Texas EHWs is linked to ENSO conditions, the upward trend in Texas EHWs is found to be significantly associated with the tropical Pacific zonal SST gradient (PZSSTG). The amplification of PZSSTG leads to both enhanced convection in the western Pacific and suppressed convection in the central-eastern Pacific (i.e., LaNiña–like pattern), both of which can induce anomalous anticyclones over the Texas area through two distinct planetary wave trains in the antecedent spring. As a result, anomalously sinking motions and divergentwater vapor flux appear over theTexas area,which reduce precipitation and increase downward solar radiation, leading to dry and hot soil that favors the occurrence of Texas summer EHWs. In addition, all AGCMs using observed SSTs as boundary conditions were able to simulate the observed decreasing trend in Texas summer precipitation and the observed increasing trend in Texas summersurface air temperature.The observed relationships between winterPZSSTG and the following spring–summer Texas precipitation/temperature were also reproduced by these models, where the intensified PZSSTG tended to reduce the Texas precipitation while increasing the surface air temperature.
The holographic induced gravity model with a Ricci dark energy: smoothing the little rip and big rip through Gauss-Bonnet effects?
Creators: name: Belkacemi, Moulay-Hicham
name: Bouhmadi-Lopez, Mariam
name: Errahmani, Ahmed
name: Ouali, Taoufiq
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an holographic brane-world model of the Dvali-Gabadadze-Porrati (DGP) scenario with and without a Gauss-Bonnet term (GB) in the bulk. We show that an holographic dark energy component with the Ricci scale as the infra-red cutoff can describe the late-time acceleration of the universe. In addition, we show that the dimensionless holographic parameter is very important in characterising the DGP branches, and in determining the behaviour of the Ricci dark energy as well as the asymptotic behaviour of the brane. On the one hand, in the DGP scenario the Ricci dark energy will exhibit a phantom-like behaviour with no big rip if the holographic parameter is strictly larger than 1/2. For smaller values, the brane hits a big rip or a little rip. On the other hand, we have shown that the introduction of the GB term avoids the big rip and little rip singularities on both branches but cannot avoid the appearance of a big freeze singularity for some values of the holographic parameter on the normal branch, however, these values are very unlikely because they lead to a very negative equation of state at the present and therefore we can speak in practice of singularity avoidance. At this regard, the equation of state parameter of the Ricci dark energy plays a crucial role, even more important than the GB parameter, in rejecting the parameter space where future singularities appear.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures. RevTex4-1. Comments and references added. Version accepted in PRD
Acyclic edge-coloring using entropy compression
Creators: name: Esperet, Louis
name: Parreau, Aline
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: An edge-coloring of a graph G is acyclic if it is a proper edge-coloring of G and every cycle contains at least three colors. We prove that every graph with maximum degree Delta has an acyclic edge-coloring with at most 4 Delta - 4 colors, improving the previous bound of 9.62 (Delta - 1). Our bound results from the analysis of a very simple randomised procedure using the so-called entropy compression method. We show that the expected running time of the procedure is O(mn Delta^2 log Delta), where n and m are the number of vertices and edges of G. Such a randomised procedure running in expected polynomial time was only known to exist in the case where at least 16 Delta colors were available. Our aim here is to make a pedagogic tutorial on how to use these ideas to analyse a broad range of graph coloring problems. As an application, also show that every graph with maximum degree Delta has a star coloring with 2 sqrt(2) Delta^{3/2} + Delta colors.
description: 13 pages, revised version
From Idea to Institution: The Development and Dissemination of the Orff-Schulwerk from Germany to the United States
Creators: name: Spitz, Emily
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Music--Instruction and study
Music and children
Musicology
Education--Philosophy

description: This literature review focuses on the history of the Orff-Schulwerk (translated literally as “Orff-Schoolwork”), conceived by German composer Carl Orff as an improvisatory, natural approach to music and movement education. The history of the Orff-Schulwerk and its journey to the United States can be divided into three distinct phases: first, its origins in 1920s Munich; second, a return in the late 1940s via the Bavarian state radio as an approach for children; and its current iteration as an institutionalized methodology in the United States. Broadly stated, the purpose of this literature review is to synthesize primary and secondary sources in such a way that one can become familiarized with the gains and losses the Orff-Schulwerk experienced during each phase of its life, as well as an understanding of key issues surrounding its guiding philosophy and practice, and how these shift over time.
title: Circle hooks as a mitigation measure for loggerhead sea turtles bycatch in the Mediterranean Sea
Creators: name: Piovano, Susanna
name: Swimmer, Yonat
name: Giacoma, Cristina
Publisher: name: ASC 2009 - Theme session M
Year: 2024
Subjects: Fisheries and aquaculture
Technologies and data

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.Pelagic longline fishing has been identified as a significant threat to endangered sea turtle populations in the Mediterranean Sea since the late 1980s1,2. A known fishing hot spot for loggerhead sea turtles is the Strait of Sicily3, where interactions with longlines are a major cause of mortality for sea turtles4. As one of the most important fishing grounds for swordfish5, the area has a high rate of longline fishing effort. The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the potential effectiveness of circle hooks to reduce sea turtle capture rate and to maintain acceptable levels of target species capture rates in an Italian shallow-set longline swordfish fishery
The complex behaviour of the microquasar GRS 1915+105 in the rho class observed with BeppoSAX. II: Time-resolved spectral analysis
Creators: name: Mineo, T.
name: Massaro, E.
name: D'Ai, A.
name: Massa, F.
name: Feroci, M.
name: Ventura, G.
name: Casella, P.
name: Ferrigno, C.
name: Belloni, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: BeppoSAX observed GRS 1915+105 on October 2000 with a long pointing lasting about ten days. During this observation, the source was mainly in the rho class characterized by bursts with a recurrence time of between 40 and 100 s. We identify five segments in the burst structure and accumulate the average spectra of these segments during each satellite orbit. We present a detailed spectral analysis aimed at determining variations that occur during the burst and understanding the physical process that produces them. We compare MECS, HPGSPC, and PDS spectra with several models. Under the assumption that a single model is able to fit all spectra, we find that the combination of a multi-temperature black-body disk and a hybrid corona is able to give a consistent physical explanation of the source behaviour. Our measured variations in KT_el, tau, KT_in, and R_in appear to be either correlated or anti-correlated with the count rate in the energy range 1.6-10 keV. The strongest variations are detected along the burst segments: almost all parameters exhibit significant variations in the segments that have the highest fluxes (pulse) with the exception of R_in, which varies continuously and reaches a maximum just before the peak. The flux of the multi-temperature disk strongly increases in the pulse and simultaneously the corona contribution is significantly reduced. The disk luminosity increases in the pulse and the R_in-T_in correlation can be most successfully interpreted in term of the slim disk model. In addition, the reduction in the corona luminosity at the bursts might represent the condensation of the corona onto the disk.
description: accepted for publication in A&A, added references, version after language editing