cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Insulator-to-metal transition in sulfur-doped silicon
Creators: name: Winkler, Mark T.
name: Recht, Daniel
name: Sher, Meng-Ju
name: Said, Aurore J.
name: Mazur, Eric
name: Aziz, Michael J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We observe an insulator-to-metal (I-M) transition in crystalline silicon doped with sulfur to non- equilibrium concentrations using ion implantation followed by pulsed laser melting and rapid resolidification. This I-M transition is due to a dopant known to produce only deep levels at equilibrium concentrations. Temperature-dependent conductivity and Hall effect measurements for temperatures T > 1.7 K both indicate that a transition from insulating to metallic conduction occurs at a sulfur concentration between 1.8 and 4.3 x 10^20 cm-3. Conduction in insulating samples is consistent with variable range hopping with a Coulomb gap. The capacity for deep states to effect metallic conduction by delocalization is the only known route to bulk intermediate band photovoltaics in silicon.
description: Submission formatting; 4 journal pages equivalent
Nemocapnia carolina Banks 1938
Creators: name: Ray, Donald H.
name: Abad, Rick L.
name: Rasmussen, Andrew K.
name: Stark, Bill P.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Plecoptera
Capniidae
Nemocapnia
Nemocapnia carolina

description: Nemocapnia carolina Banks Material Examined. FLORIDA: Escambia Co., Big Escambia Creek below Fannie Rd, N 30°59’0.09”, W 87°13’59”, 3 March 2011, D. Ray, 4♂, 4♀. Canoe Creek above RR trestle, N 30°54’42.2”, W 87°17’55.7”, 3 March 2011, D. Ray, 2♂, 6♀. Perdido River, Barrineau Park, N 30°41’25”, W 87°26’25”, 3 March 2011, D. Ray, 2♂, 8♀. Holmes Co., Choctawhatchee River, Hwy 2, N 30°56’50.01”, W 85°50’38.1”, 14 March 2011, D. Ray & R. Abad, 14♂ 7♀. Liberty Co., Sweetwater Creek above CR 270, N 30°31’30.7”, W 84°58’10”, 6 December 2011, D. Ray & R. Abad 13♂ 8♀.
description: Published as part of Ray, Donald H., Abad, Rick L., Rasmussen, Andrew K. & Stark, Bill P., 2012, New Records And An Updated Checklist Of The Stoneflies (Plecoptera) From Florida, pp. 1-9 in Illiesia 8 (1) on page 5, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4760597
Dark matter in the MSSM and its singlet extension
Creators: name: Yang, Jin Min
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We briefly review the supersymetric explanation for the cosmic dark matter. Although the neutralino in the minimal supersymmetric model (MSSM), the next-to-minimal supersymmetric model (NMSSM) and the nearly minimal supersymmetric model (nMSSM) can naturaly explain the dark matter relic density, the PAMELA result can hardly be explained in these popular models. In the general singlet extension of the MSSM, both the PAMELA result and the relic density can be explained by the singlino-like neutralino. Such singlino-like neutralinos annihilate into the singlet-like Higgs bosons, which are light enough to decay dominantly to muons or electrons, and the annihilation cross section can be greatly enhanced by the Sommerfeld effect via exchanging a light CP-even singlet-like Higgs boson. In this scenario, in order to meet the stringent LEP constraints, the SM-like Higgs boson tends to decay into the singlet Higgs pairs instead of $b\bar b$ and consequently it will give a multi-muon signal $h_SM->aa->μ$ or $h_{SM}->hh->4 a ->8 μ$ at the LHC.
description: Based on the talk given at the International Workshop on Dark Matter, Dark Energy and Matter-Antimatter Asymmetry (20-21 Nov 2009, Hsinchu, Taiwan)
Pteronarcys dorsata
Creators: name: Ray, Donald H.
name: Abad, Rick L.
name: Rasmussen, Andrew K.
name: Stark, Bill P.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Plecoptera
Pteronarcyidae
Pteronarcys
Pteronarcys dorsata

description: Pteronarcys dorsata (Say) Material examined. FLORIDA: Escambia Co., Canoe Creek above RR trestle, 3 March 2011, D. Ray, 1 larva. Perdido River, Barrineau Park, N 30°41’25”, W 87°26’25”, 3 March 2011, D. Ray, 1♂ + exuviae.
description: Published as part of Ray, Donald H., Abad, Rick L., Rasmussen, Andrew K. & Stark, Bill P., 2012, New Records And An Updated Checklist Of The Stoneflies (Plecoptera) From Florida, pp. 1-9 in Illiesia 8 (1) on page 7, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4760597
Characterization of food chain-derived Listeria monocytogenes and the role of Listeria genomic island (LGI1) in virulence, survival, and tolerance to food-related stress
Creators: name: Kovacevic, Jovana
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: The presence of Listeria spp. and L. monocytogenes (Lm) was investigated in provincially inspected food processing and retail facilities in British Columbia. Lm (n=56) was recovered in food processing environment (FPE) of dairy, meat and fish facilities, and in ready-to-eat fish products. The majority of Lm belonged to listeriosis causing serotypes 1/2a and 4b. Isolate fingerprinting revealed 14 sequence types, and 38 pulsotypes, with 66% of Lm possessing the full-length inlA, a causally linked virulence determinant. Unexpectedly, 4b serotypes more readily acquired point mutations leading to rifampicin resistance compared to other serotypes (p<0.05). Lm that adapted more quickly to cold (4°C) also more often encoded a full-length inlA. No resistance to antibiotics used in listeriosis treatment was observed; however, a large proportion of isolates possessed resistance or reduced susceptibility (RSC) to ciprofloxacin (CIP, 75%) and clindamycin (CLI, 98%). When eight isolates were experimentally adapted to high concentrations of CIP, minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of benzalkonium chloride (BAC) increased (n=5), gentamicin MICs remained the same (n=6) or increased 2-fold (n=2), and led to RSC to linezolid (n=1) and resistance to CLI (n=8). Tolerance to quaternary ammonium (QAC) sanitizers, BAC and E-San, was also investigated in a clinical Lm strain (08-5578) that possessed a previously uncharacterized island, LGI1. High tolerance to acid, cold, high salt conditions, and QACs was seen. Deletion of LGI1 genes lmo1851, emrE, and sel1, with putative regulatory, efflux, and adhesion functions, respectively, did not affect the acid, cold and salt tolerance, or the adhesion and invasion of TC-7 and HeLa cells. The ΔemrE mutant had impaired growth at sub-lethal concentrations of QACs, and up to three times lower MICs. No change in MICs to aminoglycosides and other antibiotics, acriflavine, and triclosan, was observed for the ΔemrE mutant, suggesting the primary role of EmrE in Lm is to increase its tolerance of QACs. Overall, findings from this research provide evidence that differences in stress survival and virulence potential exist among food chain-derived Lm. However, better understanding of the pressures occurring in FPEs that may contribute to strain persistence, and co-selection of antibiotic and sanitizer resistance mechanisms is needed.
The Challenge of Believability in Video Games: Definitions, Agents Models and Imitation Learning
Creators: name: Tencé, Fabien
name: Buche, Cédric
name: De Loor, Pierre
name: Marc, Olivier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we address the problem of creating believable agents (virtual characters) in video games. We consider only one meaning of believability, ``giving the feeling of being controlled by a player'', and outline the problem of its evaluation. We present several models for agents in games which can produce believable behaviours, both from industry and research. For high level of believability, learning and especially imitation learning seems to be the way to go. We make a quick overview of different approaches to make video games' agents learn from players. To conclude we propose a two-step method to develop new models for believable agents. First we must find the criteria for believability for our application and define an evaluation method. Then the model and the learning algorithm can be designed.
M/F-Theory as Mf-Theory
Creators: name: Sati, Hisham
name: Schreiber, Urs
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In the quest for mathematical foundations of M-theory, the "Hypothesis H" that fluxes are quantized in Cohomotopy theory, implies, on flat but possibly singular spacetimes, that M-brane charges locally organize into equivariant homotopy groups of spheres. Here we show how this leads to a correspondence between phenomena conjectured in M-theory and fundamental mathematical concepts/results in stable homotopy, generalized cohomology and Cobordism theory Mf:
 Stems of homotopy groups correspond to charges of probe p-branes near black b-branes; stabilization within a stem is the boundary-bulk transition; the Adams d-invariant measures G4-flux; trivialization of the d-invariant corresponds to H3-flux; refined Toda brackets measure H3-flux; the refined Adams e-invariant sees the H3-charge lattice; vanishing Adams e-invariant implies consistent global C3-fields; Conner-Floyd's e-invariant is H3-flux seen in the Green-Schwarz mechanism; the Hopf invariant is the M2-brane Page charge (G7-flux); the Pontrjagin-Thom theorem associates the polarized brane worldvolumes sourcing all these charges. Cobordism in the third stable stem witnesses spontaneous KK-compactification on K3-surfaces; the order of the third stable stem implies 24 NS5/D7-branes in M/F-theory on K3. Quaternionic orientations correspond to unit H3-fluxes near M2-branes; complex orientations lift these unit H3-fluxes to heterotic M-theory with heterotic line bundles. In fact, we find quaternionic/complex Ravenel-orientations bounded in dimension; and we find the bound to be 10, as befits spacetime dimension 10+1.
description: 99 pages, various figures; v2: p. 7 added with more on brane charges vanishing at infinity (published version)
The ponderomotive force due to the intrinsic spin in extended fluid and kinetic models
Creators: name: Stefan, M.
name: Zamanian, J.
name: Brodin, G.
name: Misra, A. P.
name: Marklund, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we calculate the contribution to the ponderomotive force in a plasma from the electron spin using a recently developed model. The spin-fluid model used in the present paper contains spin-velocity correlations, in contrast to previous models used for the same purpose. Is its then found that previous terms for the spin-ponderomotive force are recovered, but also that additional terms appear. Furthermore, the results due to the spin-velocity correlations are confirmed using the spin-kinetic theory. The significance of our results is discussed.
description: 6 pages
Effects of changes in climatic conditions on soil water storage patterns
Creators: name: Ehrhardt, Annelie
name: Groh, Jannis
name: Gerke, Horst H.
Publisher: name: Forschungzentrum Jülich
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: 550

description: Hydrology and earth system sciences discussions 2024, 1-37 (2024). doi:10.5194/egusphere-2024-118
description: Published by EGU, Munich
Dimorphic differentiation of female-specific neuronal populations and behavior in Drosophila
Creators: name: Castellanos Kotkoff, Monica Cecilia
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2018

description: Over the past years, numerous studies have advanced our understanding of the generation and function of the sex-specific neuronal populations that control sex-specific behaviours. Prior to the work presented in this thesis, no female-specific subsets of neurons had been identified in Drosophila; thus, all models and studies of sex-specific neurons have had a male bias. This thesis describes the first identification and characterization of a female-specific neuronal population in the central nervous system of Drosophila, the Ilp7-motoneurons. These neurons innervate the oviduct and are required for egg-laying. We further identified cellular and genetic mechanisms that direct the dimorphic generation of these female-specific neurons. Programmed cell death of post-mitotic nascent Ilp7-motoneurons in males accounts for their female-specific generation in a process regulated by a non-canonical and dosage-sensitive pro-apoptotic role for the male fruitless isoform (fruM). Thus, we find that analysis of female-specific neuron generation unveils novel mechanisms of dimorphic nervous system construction. Our characterization of Ilp7-motoneurons led to a collaboration with Eric Lai (Sloan Kettering, USA), to study the neuronal basis of the female sterility phenotype of the ∆mir mutant, a deficiency in the bidirectional mir-iab-4 and mir-iab-8 miRNA locus of the Bithorax-Complex. We find that female sterility arises from derepression of mir-iab-4/8 targets, Ultrabithorax and homothorax, in fru-expressing neuronal populations of the posterior abdominal segments of the ventral nerve cord. This results in numerous phenotypes that each likely contribute to sterility. ∆mir females have reduced Ilp7-motor innervation of the oviduct. ∆mir virgin females are constitutively unreceptive to males; however, if mated, they fail to increase egg production. Our data suggests a novel mechanism that may explain this phenotype; after mating, sex peptide from the male seminal fluid is retained in the female reproductive tract, rather than being transferred to the hemolymph, where it is believed to effect the increase in egg production. Ongoing work aims to identify the neuronal populations that are disrupted in ∆mir mutants. Taken together, this thesis provides novel insight and models to further our understanding of female-specific neuronal differentiation, a field that has long been under-represented in the literature.
Clioperla clio
Creators: name: Ray, Donald H.
name: Abad, Rick L.
name: Rasmussen, Andrew K.
name: Stark, Bill P.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Plecoptera
Perlodidae
Clioperla
Clioperla clio

description: Clioperla clio (Newman) Material examined. FLORIDA: Calhoun Co., Johnson Creek, CR 286, N 30°35’45.3”, W 84°59’27.8”, 20 January 2011, D. Ray & R. Abad, 1 reared ♂ emerged on 24 February 2011.
description: Published as part of Ray, Donald H., Abad, Rick L., Rasmussen, Andrew K. & Stark, Bill P., 2012, New Records And An Updated Checklist Of The Stoneflies (Plecoptera) From Florida, pp. 1-9 in Illiesia 8 (1) on page 7, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4760597
Fluorescence intensity correlation imaging with high resolution and elemental contrast using intense x-ray pulses
Creators: name: Ho, Phay J.
name: Knight, Christopher J.
name: Young, Linda
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically investigate the fluorescence intensity correlation (FIC) of Ar clusters and Mo-doped iron oxide nanoparticles subjected to intense, femtosecond and sub-femtosecond XFEL pulses for high-resolution and elemental contrast imaging. We present the FIC of {\Ka} and {\Kah} emission in Ar clusters and discuss the impact of sample damage on retrieving high-resolution structural information and compare the obtained structural information with those from the coherent difractive imaging (CDI) approach. We found that, while sub-femtosecond pulses will substantially benefit the CDI approach, few-femtosecond pulses may be sufficient for achieving high-resolution information with FIC. Furthermore, we show that the fluorescence intensity correlation computed from the fluorescence of Mo atoms in Mo-doped iron oxide nanoparticles can be used to image dopant distributions.
Single-ion versus two-ion anisotropy in magnetic compounds: A neutron scattering study
Creators: name: Furrer, A.
name: Juranyi, F.
name: Kraemer, K. W.
name: Schneider, M.
name: Straessle, Th.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Anisotropy effects can significantly control or modify the ground-state properties of magnetic systems. Yet the origin and the relative importance of the possible anisotropy terms is difficult to assess experimentally and often ambiguous. Here we propose a technique which allows a very direct distinction between single-ion and two-ion anisotropy effects. The method is based on high-resolution neutron spectroscopic investigations of magnetic cluster excitations. This is exemplified for manganese dimers and tetramers in the mixed compounds CsMnxMg1-xBr3 (0.05\leqx\leq0.40). Our experiments provide evidence for a pronounced anisotropy of the order of 3% of the dominant bilinear exchange interaction, and the anisotropy is dominated by the single-ion term. The detailed characterization of magnetic cluster excitations offers a convenient way to unravel anisotropy effects in any magnetic material.
description: 9 pages, 10 figures, 1 table
Fitting quantum noise models to tomography data
Creators: name: Onorati, Emilio
name: Kohler, Tamara
name: Cubitt, Toby S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The presence of noise is currently one of the main obstacles to achieving large-scale quantum computation. Strategies to characterise and understand noise processes in quantum hardware are a critical part of mitigating it, especially as the overhead of full error correction and fault-tolerance is beyond the reach of current hardware. Non-Markovian effects are a particularly unfavourable type of noise, being both harder to analyse using standard techniques and more difficult to control using error correction. In this work we develop a set of efficient algorithms, based on the rigorous mathematical theory of Markovian master equations, to analyse and evaluate unknown noise processes. In the case of dynamics consistent with Markovian evolution, our algorithm outputs the best-fit Lindbladian, i.e., the generator of a memoryless quantum channel which best approximates the tomographic data to within the given precision. In the case of non-Markovian dynamics, our algorithm returns a quantitative and operationally meaningful measure of non-Markovianity in terms of isotropic noise addition. We provide a Python implementation of all our algorithms, and benchmark these on a range of 1- and 2-qubit examples of synthesised noisy tomography data, generated using the Cirq platform. The numerical results show that our algorithms succeed both in extracting a full description of the best-fit Lindbladian to the measured dynamics, and in computing accurate values of non-Markovianity that match analytical calculations.
description: published version, 36 + 24 pages, merging material from arXiv:2303.08936. Code available at: https://gitlab.com/TamaraKohler/non-markovianity
Emergence of current branches in a series array of negative differential resistance circuit elements
Creators: name: Xu, Huidong
name: Teitsworth, Stephen W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a series array of nonlinear electrical circuit elements that possess negative differential resistance and find that \emph{heterogeneity} in the element properties leads to the presence of multiple branches in current-voltage curves and a non-uniform distribution of voltages across the elements. An inhomogeneity parameter $r_{max}$ is introduced to characterize the extent to which the individual element voltages deviate from one another, and it is found to be strongly dependent on the rate of change of applied voltage. Analytical expressions are derived for the dependence of $r_{max}$ on voltage ramping rate in the limit of fast ramping and are confirmed by direct numerical simulation.
Additional file 1 of Impact of a hospital-wide computerised approach to optimise the quality of antimicrobial prescriptions in patients with severe obesity: a quasi-experimental study
Creators: name: Sirard, Stéphanie
name: Nault, Vincent
name: Langlois, Marie-France
name: Perron, Julie
name: Valiquette, Louis
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Recommendations for antimicrobial dosing adjustment in patients with class III obesity at the CIUSSSE-CHUS. Table S2. Dosing regimens for the most prescribed antimicrobials for which an adjustment has been considered in patients with class III obesity at the CIUSSSE-CHUS. Figure S1. Average length of stay in patients with selected antimicrobials.
Geodesic diameter of sets defined by few quadratic equations and inequalities
Creators: name: Coste, Michel
name: Moussa, Seydou
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove a bound for the geodesic diameter of a subset of the unit ball in $\mathbb{R}^n$ described by a fixed number of quadratic equations and inequalities, which is polynomial in $n$, whereas the known bound for general degree is exponential in $n$. Our proof uses methods borrowed from D'Acunto and Kurdyka (to deal with the geodesic diameter) and from Barvinok (to take advantage of the quadratic nature).
Additional file 3 of Monitoring stress and allostatic load in first responders and tactical operators using heart rate variability: a systematic review
Creators: name: Corrigan, Sean L.
name: Roberts, Spencer
name: Warmington, Stuart
name: Drain, Jace
name: Main, Luana C.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 3.
Status and Prospects for Heavy Flavour Physics at LHC
Creators: name: Perret, Pascal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Large Hadron Collider will be a unique place to find new physics in the next decade. A huge production of b and c quarks will allow a rich programme of Heavy Flavour Physics to be carried out either by the multipurpose experiments ATLAS and CMS or by LHCb, the experiment designed for such physics. An overview of the LHC machine and experiments' performances will be given with the first 2010 data. The start-up is very bright and some first LHC heavy flavour results will be presented. The b physics program at LHC will be illustrated with three examples: the searches for rare decays such as B_s -> mu mu, the CP measurements from B_s -> J/psi phi and CP measurements of the Cabibbo Kobayashi Maskawa (CKM) angle gamma. Some prospects for an upgrade of the LHCb detector will also be given.
description: Conference proceedings of The Xth Nicola Cabibbo International Conference on Heavy Quarks and Leptons, October 11-15, 2010, Frascati (Rome) Italy - 6 pages
Reduced long-range dependence combining Poisson bursts with on--off sources
Creators: name: Rolls, David A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A workload model using the infinite source Poisson model for bursts is combined with the on--off model for within burst activity. Burst durations and on--off durations are assumed to have heavy-tailed distributions with infinite variance and finite mean. Since the number of bursts is random, one can consider limiting results based on "random centering" of a random sum for the total workload from all sources. Convergence results are shown to depend on the tail indices of both the on--off durations and the lifetimes distributions. Moreover, the results can be separated into cases depending on those tail indices. In one case where all distributions are heavy tailed it is shown that the limiting result is Brownian motion. In another case, convergence to fractional Brownian motion is shown, where the Hurst parameter depends on the heavy-tail indices of the distribution of the on, off and burst durations.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/09-BJPS105 the Brazilian Journal of Probability and Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/bjps/) by the Brazilian Statistical Association/Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.redeabe.org.br/)
Treatment of Photon Radiation in Kinematic Fits at Future e+ e- Colliders
Creators: name: Beckmann, Moritz
name: List, Benno
name: List, Jenny
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Kinematic fitting, where constraints such as energy and momentum conservation are imposed on measured four-vectors of jets and leptons, is an important tool to improve the resolution in high-energy physics experiments. At future e+ e- colliders, photon radiation parallel to the beam carrying away large amounts of energy and momentum will become a challenge for kinematic fitting. A photon with longitudinal momentum p_z^γ(η) is introduced, which is parametrized such that η~follows a normal distribution. In the fit, η~is treated as having a measured value of zero, which corresponds to p_z^γ(η)=0. As a result, fits with constraints on energy and momentum conservation converge well even in the presence of a highly energetic photon, while the resolution of fits without such a photon is retained. A fully simulated and reconstructed e+ e- -> qqqq event sample at \sqrt{s}=500 GeV is used to investigate the performance of this method under realistic conditions, as expected at the International Linear Collider.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures
Demystification of Few-shot and One-shot Learning
Creators: name: Tyukin, Ivan Y.
name: Gorban, Alexander N.
name: Alkhudaydi, Muhammad H.
name: Zhou, Qinghua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 68T05, 68T07

description: Few-shot and one-shot learning have been the subject of active and intensive research in recent years, with mounting evidence pointing to successful implementation and exploitation of few-shot learning algorithms in practice. Classical statistical learning theories do not fully explain why few- or one-shot learning is at all possible since traditional generalisation bounds normally require large training and testing samples to be meaningful. This sharply contrasts with numerous examples of successful one- and few-shot learning systems and applications.
 In this work we present mathematical foundations for a theory of one-shot and few-shot learning and reveal conditions specifying when such learning schemes are likely to succeed. Our theory is based on intrinsic properties of high-dimensional spaces. We show that if the ambient or latent decision space of a learning machine is sufficiently high-dimensional than a large class of objects in this space can indeed be easily learned from few examples provided that certain data non-concentration conditions are met.
description: IEEE International Joint Conference on Neural Networks, IJCNN 2021
Long-term participants' experience of a youth media program : a retrospectively constructed interpretative phenomenological analysis
Creators: name: Yang, Mijin
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: This study explored long-term participants’ experiences of involvement in YouthMADE, a BC-based youth media program with a social justice education component. Three emerging adults who had been involved in YouthMADE since adolescence participated in semi­‐structured interviews about their program experience. Results support existing research on benefits of youth engagement and participation in youth media programs, but also highlight complexities and challenges involved in the experience. Participant accounts describe the YouthMADE experience as transformative, in terms of self­‐exploration, learning, and in development of activism and a sense of community within the program. Findings highlight importance of supporting and empowering participants within such programs and necessity for further research on the lived experiences of youth media programs from alternate perspectives.
Insight into thin film SURMOFs
Creators: name: Valadez Sánchez, Elvia Patricia
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2019

description: The development of MOF-based technologies has been a focus point of research over the last 20 years resulting in ca. 70,000 published structures studied for a wide range of applications including gas storage and separation, drug delivery, chemical sensing, among others. Their research continues to be fueled by the continuous improvement of their thermal and mechanical features powering a bright future ahead. The synthesis of these materials has been one of the most investigated areas. When referring to the formation of homogeneous MOF thin films, the liquid phase epitaxial (LPE) layer-by-layer (LBL) formation has proven the acquisition of highly crystalline and oriented surface-mounted metal-organic frameworks (SURMOFs) suitable for integration as functional materials in multiple devices. In previous studies, ZIF-8 SURMOF synthesis via dipping at room temperature was systematically studied for alkane/alkene gas separation. Permeances and separation factors obtained agreed with other published synthesis techniques, but a great window of opportunity towards commercial feasibility still exists. Currently, this systematic approach is now being complemented with the incorporation of nanoparticles (e.g., Au, Pt) in various SURMOF systems to determine their potential in the field of catalysis of gaseous systems. Additionally, a comprehensive understanding of the properties and transport mechanisms of these SURMOF films is required in order to further enhance their performance. In previous works, the Maxwell-Stefan surface diffusion model was employed to gather a general understanding of the ZIF-8 SURMOF and other porous systems. To deepen our theoretical knowledge of these systems, various SURMOF films are being further characterized, including the acquisition of proper adsorption data at higher temperatures and pressures, surface diffusivities, and the consideration of micro-defects; this data is of high importance for further simulation studies. By doing so, the successful design, development, and application of novel SURMOF materials might be facilitated.
Additional file 1 of Who lives in care homes in Greenland? A nationwide survey of demographics, functional level, medication use and comorbidities
Creators: name: Albertsen, N
name: Olsen, TM
name: Sommer, TG
name: Prischl, A
name: Kallerup, H
name: Andersen, S
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1.
Temporal Prediction and Evaluation of Brassica Growth in the Field using Conditional Generative Adversarial Networks
Creators: name: Drees, Lukas
name: Junker-Frohn, Laura Verena
name: Kierdorf, Jana
name: Roscher, Ribana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Farmers frequently assess plant growth and performance as basis for making decisions when to take action in the field, such as fertilization, weed control, or harvesting. The prediction of plant growth is a major challenge, as it is affected by numerous and highly variable environmental factors. This paper proposes a novel monitoring approach that comprises high-throughput imaging sensor measurements and their automatic analysis to predict future plant growth. Our approach's core is a novel machine learning-based generative growth model based on conditional generative adversarial networks, which is able to predict the future appearance of individual plants. In experiments with RGB time-series images of laboratory-grown Arabidopsis thaliana and field-grown cauliflower plants, we show that our approach produces realistic, reliable, and reasonable images of future growth stages. The automatic interpretation of the generated images through neural network-based instance segmentation allows the derivation of various phenotypic traits that describe plant growth.
description: 38 pages, 10 figures, 2 tables
Additional file 2 of Who lives in care homes in Greenland? A nationwide survey of demographics, functional level, medication use and comorbidities
Creators: name: Albertsen, N
name: Olsen, TM
name: Sommer, TG
name: Prischl, A
name: Kallerup, H
name: Andersen, S
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2.
Additional file 3 of Who lives in care homes in Greenland? A nationwide survey of demographics, functional level, medication use and comorbidities
Creators: name: Albertsen, N
name: Olsen, TM
name: Sommer, TG
name: Prischl, A
name: Kallerup, H
name: Andersen, S
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 3.
The Feasibility and Inevitability of Stealth Attacks
Creators: name: Tyukin, Ivan Y.
name: Higham, Desmond J.
name: Bastounis, Alexander
name: Woldegeorgis, Eliyas
name: Gorban, Alexander N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 68T01, 68T05, 90C31

description: We develop and study new adversarial perturbations that enable an attacker to gain control over decisions in generic Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems including deep learning neural networks. In contrast to adversarial data modification, the attack mechanism we consider here involves alterations to the AI system itself. Such a stealth attack could be conducted by a mischievous, corrupt or disgruntled member of a software development team. It could also be made by those wishing to exploit a ``democratization of AI'' agenda, where network architectures and trained parameter sets are shared publicly. We develop a range of new implementable attack strategies with accompanying analysis, showing that with high probability a stealth attack can be made transparent, in the sense that system performance is unchanged on a fixed validation set which is unknown to the attacker, while evoking any desired output on a trigger input of interest. The attacker only needs to have estimates of the size of the validation set and the spread of the AI's relevant latent space. In the case of deep learning neural networks, we show that a one neuron attack is possible - a modification to the weights and bias associated with a single neuron - revealing a vulnerability arising from over-parameterization. We illustrate these concepts using state of the art architectures on two standard image data sets. Guided by the theory and computational results, we also propose strategies to guard against stealth attacks.
Revisiting the Thermal Stability of Radiation-dominated Thin Disks
Creators: name: Zheng, Sheng-Ming
name: Yuan, Feng
name: Gu, Wei-Min
name: Lu, Ju-Fu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The standard thin disk model predicts that when the accretion rate is over a small fraction of the Eddington rate, which corresponds to $L \ga 0.06 L_{Edd}$, the inner region of the disk is radiation-pressure-dominated and thermally unstable. However, observations of the high/soft state of black hole X-ray binaries with luminosity well within this regime ($0.01L_{Edd} \la L \la 0.5L_{Edd}$) indicate that the disk has very little variability, i.e., quite stable. Recent radiation magnetohydrodynamic simulations of a vertically stratified shearing box have confirmed the absence of the thermal instability. In this paper, we revisit the thermal stability by linear analysis, taking into account the role of magnetic field in the accretion flow. By assuming that the field responses negatively to a positive temperature perturbation, we find that the threshold of accretion rate above which the disk becomes thermally unstable increases significantly compared with the case of not considering the role of magnetic field. This accounts for the stability of the observed sources with high luminosities. Our model also presents a possible explanation as to why only GRS 1915+105 seems to show thermally unstable behavior. This peculiar source holds the highest accretion rate (or luminosity) among the known high state sources, which is well above the accretion rate threshold of the instability.
description: 13 pages, 2 figures, accepted by ApJ
Additional file 2 of Monitoring stress and allostatic load in first responders and tactical operators using heart rate variability: a systematic review
Creators: name: Corrigan, Sean L.
name: Roberts, Spencer
name: Warmington, Stuart
name: Drain, Jace
name: Main, Luana C.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2.
On unitarity of a linearized Yang-Mills formulation for massless and massive gravity with propagating torsion
Creators: name: Deveras, Rolando Gaitan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A perturbative regime based on contortion as a dynamical variable and metric as a (classical) fixed background, is performed in the context of a pure Yang-Mills formulation for gravity in a $2+1$ dimensional space-time. In the massless case we show that the theory contains three degrees of freedom and only one is a non-unitary mode. Next, we introduce quadratical terms dependent on torsion, which preserve parity and general covariance. The linearized version reproduces an analogue Hilbert-Einstein-Fierz-Pauli unitary massive theory plus three massless modes, two of them represents non-unitary ones. Finally we confirm the existence of a family of unitary Yang-Mills-extended theories which are classically consistent with Einstein's solutions coming from non massive and topologically massive gravity. The unitarity of these YM-extended theories is shown in a perturbative regime. A possible way to perform a non-perturbative study is remarked.
description: To appear in International Journal of Modern Physics A
Brauer and Jones tied monoids
Creators: name: Aicardi, Francesca
name: Arcis, Diego
name: Juyumaya, Jesús
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20M05, 20M20, 05B10, 05A19, 03E05

description: We introduce a ramified monoid, attached to each Brauer--type monoid, that is, to the symmetric group, to the Jones and Brauer monoids among others. Ramified monoids correspond to a class of tied monoids which arise from knot theory and are interesting in itself. The ramified monoid attached to the symmetric group is the Coxeter-like version of the so--called tied braid monoid. We give a presentation of the ramified monoid attached to the Brauer monoid. Also, we introduce and studied two tied-like monoids that cannot be described as ramified monoids. However, these monoids can also be regarded as tied versions of the Jones and Brauer monoids.
description: 29 pages
Additional file 1 of HLA-DRB1 risk alleles for RA are associated with differential clinical responsiveness to abatacept and adalimumab: data from a head-to-head, randomized, single-blind study in autoantibody-positive early RA
Creators: name: Rigby, William
name: Buckner, Jane H.
name: Louis Bridges, S.
name: Nys, Marleen
name: Gao, Sheng
name: Polinsky, Martin
name: Ray, Neelanjana
name: Bykerk, Vivian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary appendix. Includes Supplementary Table S1. Baseline demographic and disease characteristics by SE genotype (as-treated analysis population) and Supplementary Table S2. Clinical outcomes at Weeks 24 and 48 by SE genotype (as-treated analysis).
Scikit-dimension: a Python package for intrinsic dimension estimation
Creators: name: Bac, Jonathan
name: Mirkes, Evgeny M.
name: Gorban, Alexander N.
name: Tyukin, Ivan
name: Zinovyev, Andrei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Dealing with uncertainty in applications of machine learning to real-life data critically depends on the knowledge of intrinsic dimensionality (ID). A number of methods have been suggested for the purpose of estimating ID, but no standard package to easily apply them one by one or all at once has been implemented in Python. This technical note introduces \texttt{scikit-dimension}, an open-source Python package for intrinsic dimension estimation. \texttt{scikit-dimension} package provides a uniform implementation of most of the known ID estimators based on scikit-learn application programming interface to evaluate global and local intrinsic dimension, as well as generators of synthetic toy and benchmark datasets widespread in the literature. The package is developed with tools assessing the code quality, coverage, unit testing and continuous integration. We briefly describe the package and demonstrate its use in a large-scale (more than 500 datasets) benchmarking of methods for ID estimation in real-life and synthetic data. The source code is available from https://github.com/j-bac/scikit-dimension , the documentation is available from https://scikit-dimension.readthedocs.io .
description: 12 pages, 4 figures, 1 table
Additional file 1 of Cardiovascular disease in women with breast cancer – a nationwide cohort study
Creators: name: Jakobsen, Marie
name: Kolodziejczyk, Christophe
name: Jensen, Morten Sall
name: Poulsen, Peter Bo
name: Khan, Humma
name: Kümler, Thomas
name: Andersson, Michael
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 20199 Astronomical and Space Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Number of persons with CVD drug prescription before the index date per 1000 persons.
Additional file 1 of Risk of rheumatoid arthritis diagnosis in statin users in a large nationwide US study
Creators: name: Peterson, Madeline N.
name: Dykhoff, Hayley J.
name: Crowson, Cynthia S.
name: Davis, John M.
name: Sangaralingham, Lindsey R.
name: Myasoedova, Elena
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Table 1. Intensity classification for various statin medications and dosages
Additional file 2 of Risk of rheumatoid arthritis diagnosis in statin users in a large nationwide US study
Creators: name: Peterson, Madeline N.
name: Dykhoff, Hayley J.
name: Crowson, Cynthia S.
name: Davis, John M.
name: Sangaralingham, Lindsey R.
name: Myasoedova, Elena
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2: Supplementary Table 2. Sensitivity analyses to assess the stability of findings
Relation between the $0νββ$ and $2νββ$ nuclear matrix elements revisited
Creators: name: Šimkovic, Fedor
name: Hodák, Rastislav
name: Faessler, Amand
name: Vogel, Petr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the dominant Gamow-Teller part, $M^{0ν}_{GT}$, of the nuclear matrix element governing the neutrinoless $ββ$ decay is related to the matrix element $M^{2ν}_{cl}$ governing the allowed two-neutrino $ββ$ decay. That relation is revealed when these matrix elements are expressed as functions of the relative distance $r$ between the pair of neutrons that are transformed into a pair of protons in the $ββ$ decay. Analyzing this relation allows us to understand the contrasting behavior of these matrix elements when $A$ and $Z$ is changed; while $M^{0ν}_{GT}$ changes slowly and smoothly, $M^{2ν}$ has pronounced shell effects. We also discuss the possibility of phenomenological determination of the $M^{2ν}_{cl}$ and from them of the $M^{0ν}_{GT}$ values from the experimental study of the $β^{\pm}$ strength functions.