Apechthis zapoteca
Creators: name: Khalaim, Andrey I.
name: Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Ichneumonidae
Apechthis
Apechthis zapoteca

description: 1. Apechthis zapoteca (Cresson, 1874)
(Figs 1–4)
Pimpla zapoteca Cresson 1874: 402 [♀ ♂ (ANSP), Mexico, Veracruz, Orizaba].
References. Cameron 1886: 268 [Pimpla; Mexico (Veracruz)]. Cresson 1916: 63 [lectotype ♀ (ANSP) designated; Mexico, Veracruz]. Costa-Lima 1951: 373 [A. sarsinae; Brazil; host]. Townes & Townes 1966: 23 [catalogue; Ephialtes zapotecus zapotecus (as subspecies); Mexico]. Gauld 1991: 479 [Apechthis (comb.); description; Costa Rica]. Gauld et al. 1998: 135 [in key; Costa Rica, Guatemala; host]. Hernández-Aguilar et al. 1999: 36 [Mexico (Tamaulipas)]. Gauld et al. 2002: 56 [El Salvador]. Ruíz-Cancino et al. 2002: 645 [checklist; Mexico]. Hernández- Aguilar et al. 2005: 470 [Mexico (Tamaulipas)]. Quicke et al. 2009: 1414 [Mexico]. Ruíz-Cancino et al. 2010: 63 [checklist; Mexico (Tamaulipas)]. Sánchez-García et al. 2015: 827 [checklist; Mexico (Oaxaca)]. Khalaim et al. 2018: 20 [Mexico (Veracruz)].
Remarks. More extensively dark marked specimens from South America have been treated by Townes & Townes (1966) as a separate subspecies, A. zapoteca sarsinae Costa-Lima, 1951 (Gauld 1991: 479).
Material examined. MEXICO. Nuevo León: 1 ♀ (UAT) 30 km SE of Monterrey, Santiago, La Cieneguilla, 8.xi.1987, coll. E. Ruíz C. Tamaulipas: SSW of Cd. Victoria, Rancho Santa Elena, 23º37.362’N, 99º12.746’W, 970 m, Malaise trap, 2010, coll. E. Ruíz C. & J.M. Coronado B. (all in UAT): 19–26.iii (2 ♀), 28.x–5.xi (1 ♀), 16–31.xii (2 ♀). 2 ♀ (UAT) Cd. Victoria, Cañón del Novillo, 780–900 m, 12.i and 3.ii.1988, coll. R. Meza V. 1 ♀, 1 ♂ (UAT) 15 km SSW of Cd. Victoria, El Madroño, 16–18.xii.2008, coll. A.I. Khalaim. Same locality, coll. E. & J. Ruíz C. (all in UAT): 16.vi.1984 (1 ♀), 29.i.1985 (1 ♀), 23.iii.1985 (1 ♂), 28.iv.1985 (1 ♀), 10.vii.1985 (1 ♂), 16.xi.1985 (1 ♀). 1 ♀ (UAT) same locality, 10.vii.1986, coll. S. Arrambide. 1 ♂ (UAT) same locality, 1400 m, 20.i.2000, coll. J.A. Martinez R. 2 ♀ (UAT) same locality, 1450 m, oak forest, Malaise trap, 17.xi–1.xii.2011, coll. A. Rodríguez M. & S. Mireles C. 3 ♀, 1 ♂ (UAT) Gómez Farías, Altas Cimas, Malaise trap, 17.vii–28.viii.1999, coll. S. Hernández A. 1 ♀ (UAT) Ocampo, 13.v.1995, coll. S. Niño M. 1 ♀ (UAT) Ocampo, Ejido El Bejuco, 900 m, Malaise trap, 28.iii–13.iv.2016, coll. E. Ruíz-Cancino et al. Tula, Ejido Acahuales, 1400 m, oak-forest, Malaise trap, coll. E. Ruíz C. & J.M. Coronado B. (all in UAT): 27.v–11.vi.2016 (1 ♂), 19.ii–1.iii.2017 (1 ♀). 1 ♀ (UAT) 44 km S of Cd. Victoria, matorral, Malaise trap, 18–25.xi.2000, coll. D.R. Kasparyan. Veracruz: 1 ♀ (UAT) SW of Xalapa, park near Institute de Ecología, 19°30.768’N, 96°56.349’W, 1260 m, 17–18.ii.2009, coll. A.I. Khalaim. 2 ♀, 1 ♂ (1 ♀ in UAT, 1 ♀ and 1 ♂ in ZISP) same data, but 12–14.iv.2014. 1 ♂ (UAT) Xalapa, 26.x.1995, coll. M. Molina. 1 ♂ (UAT) Tuxpan, Chacoaco, 9.xi.1995, coll. R. Herrera. Michoacán: 2 ♀, 2 ♂ (UMSNH) Morelia, Cerro Punhuato, Tejocotera, 19°41’871”N, 101°08’313”W, 2130 m, Area de Eucaliptos, Yellow pan traps, 15.x.2010, coll. Ana L. Escalante & Jiménez. Oaxaca: 1 ♀ (UNAM) Santiago Comaltepec, La Esperanza, 17.02661ºN, 96.36950ºW, 1600 m, Malaise trap, 1–10.vii.2008, coll. A. Lopez García. Chiapas: 1 ♀ (EMEC) 5 km SE of Jitotol, 1671 m, 10.ix.1981, coll. D.E & P.M. Breedlove. 1 ♀ (ZISP) 50 km ESE of Comitán, National Park Lagos de Montebello, 16.106551, -91.705158, 1500 m, 8.viii.2021, coll. A.I. Khalaim. GUATEMALA. 1 ♀ (AEIC) Zacapa Department, 8 km N of San Lorenzo, 7–19.vii.1986, coll. J.M. Campbell. 1 ♀ (AEIC) Guatemala Department, Fraijanes, Finca San Antonio, 1800 m, vi.1987, coll. Mauger. 1 ♂ (AEIC) Quetzaltenango Department, Zunil, 2200 m, 7.ix.1987, coll. M.J. Sharkey. COSTA RICA. 1 ♀ (AEIC) Chirripó National Park, San Gerardo, 1400 m, 1.ix.1986, coll. L. Masner. VENEZUELA. 15 ♀, 1 ♂ (AEIC) Yacambú, 1200 m, 7–13.v.1981, coll. H.K. Townes.
Distribution. Mexico (Nuevo León, Tamaulipas, Veracruz, Michoacán, Oaxaca, Chiapas), Guatemala, El Salvador, Costa Rica, Venezuela, Brazil. First record from Venezuela.
Biology. Apechthis zapoteca resembles a common vespid, Agelaia (= Stelopolybia) sp. near multipicta (Haliday) (Vespidae), of which it is probably a Müllerian mimic (Gauld 1991). Recorded as parasitoid of Leptophobia aripa (Boisduval) (Lepidoptera: Pieridae) in Guatemala (Gauld et al. 1998). Parasitoid of Sarsina violascens (Herrich- Schäffer) (Lymantriidae) in Brazil (Costa-Lima 1951; Townes & Townes 1966).
description: Published as part of Khalaim, Andrey I. & Ruíz-Cancino, Enrique, 2021, Darwin wasps of the subfamily Pimplinae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) of Mexico: genera Apechthis Förster, Itoplectis Förster and Pimpla Fabricius, pp. 451-491 in Zootaxa 5071 (4) on pages 453-455, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5071.4.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5726393