cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Kohonen neural networks and genetic classification
Creators: name: Bianchi, Daniela
name: Calogero, Raffaele
name: Tirozzi, Brunello
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We discuss the property of a.e. and in mean convergence of the Kohonen algorithm considered as a stochastic process. The various conditions ensuring the a.e. convergence are described and the connection with the rate decay of the learning parameter is analyzed. The rate of convergence is discussed for different choices of learning parameters. We proof rigorously that the rate of decay of the learning parameter which is most used in the applications is a sufficient condition for a.e. convergence and we check it numerically. The aim of the paper is also to clarify the state of the art on the convergence property of the algorithm in view of the growing number of applications of the Kohonen neural networks. We apply our theorem and considerations to the case of genetic classification which is a rapidly developing field.
description: 28 pages, many figures
Observational signatures of the surviving donor star in the double detonation model of Type Ia supernovae
Creators: name: Liu, Zheng-Wei
name: Roepke, Friedrich K.
name: Zeng, Yaotian
name: Heger, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The sub-Chandrasekhar mass double-detonation (DDet) scenario is a contemporary model for SNe Ia. The donor star in the DDet scenario is expected to survive the explosion and to be ejected at the high orbital velocity of a compact binary system. For the first time, we consistently perform 3D hydrodynamical simulations of the interaction of SN ejecta with a helium (He) star companion within the DDet scenario. We map the outcomes of 3D impact simulations into 1D stellar evolution codes and follow the long-term evolution of the surviving He-star companions. Our main goal is to provide the post-impact observable signatures of surviving He-star companions of DDet SNe Ia, which will support the search for such companions in future observations. We find that our surviving He-star companions become significantly overluminous for about 1e6 yr during the thermal re-equilibration phase. After the star re-establishes thermal equilibrium, its observational properties are not sensitive to the details of the ejecta-donor interaction. We apply our results to hypervelocity star US 708, which is the fastest unbound star in our Galaxy, travelling with a velocity of about 1200 km/s, making it natural candidate for an ejected donor remnant of a DDet SN Ia. We find that a He-star donor with an initial mass of >0.5 Msun is needed to explain the observed properties of US 708. Based on our detailed binary evolution calculations, however, the progenitor system with such a massive He-star donor cannot get close enough at the moment of SN explosion to explain the high velocity of US 708. Instead, if US 708 is indeed the surviving He-star donor of a DDet SN~Ia, it would require the entire pre-SN progenitor binary to travel at a velocity of about 400 km/s. It could, for example, have been ejected from a globular cluster in the direction of the current motion of the surviving donor star.
description: 11 pages, 9 figures, 1 table, accepted for publication in A&A
Optimal Investment in Energy Efficiency as a Problem of Growth-Rate Maximisation : Evidence and Policy Implications
Creators: name: Britto, Anthony
name: Dehler-Holland, Joris
Publisher: name: European Council for an Energy Efficient Economy (eceee)
Year: 2021
Subjects: investment decision-making
building retrofitting
emission reduction policy analysis
energy efficiency investments
household wealth
energy price stochasticity
carbon tax
subsidies

description: Following recent developments in economic and finance theory, we formulated in a recent article the question of when and how much a consumer might optimally invest in energy efficiency as a problem of wealth-growth-rate maximisation. In this contribution, we scale up this framework to a unique dataset combining the top three wealth quantiles, and nine generations of single and terraced homes in Germany: 21% of the total building stock, altogether told. We calculate the share of dwellings over time whose consumers see incentive to retrofit, and are able to reproduce (i) the annual variation in the uptake of government subsidies, (ii) the tendency of consumers to wait out the lifetime of their current heating system, (iii) the slow diffusion of new heaters, and (iv) the propensity of consumers to shun deep retrofits. We additionally uncover new wealth effects, most notably the proclivity of richer consumers whose wealth growth faster to retrofit less, and when they do, to etrofit to shallower depths. We also compute the effects of the German government’s retrofit subsidy schemes, and the proposed carbon tax on heating, employing a counterfactual approach. We discover that wealthier consumers are in general harder to influence via policies. Tracking the effects of policies along several dimensions, we show, among other things, that the tax and subsidy schemes have effects of comparable sizes, and that their effect when combined is greater than the sum of their individual contributions. All of this has implications for policymakers: the broad conclusion of our work is that household wealth, diminishing marginal utility, and stochasticity in fuel prices can largely explain the diffusion of energy-efficiency measures. Our consequent policy recommendations include a widening of the subsidy base through a reduction or elimination of minimum investment requirements and a redefinition of the relevant thermal standards, increased subsidies for gas “renewable ready” heaters to encourage a step-wise transition towards electricity, and a push for the government itself to become a major player in the renovation market.
Origin of structural and kinematical properties of the Small Magellanic Cloud
Creators: name: Bekki, Kenji
name: Chiba, Masashi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate structural, kinematical, and chemical properties of stars and gas in the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) interacting with the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) and the Galaxy based on a series of self-consistent chemodynamical simulations. We adopt a new "dwarf spheroidal model" in which the SMC initially has both old stars with a spherical spatial distribution and an extended HI gas disk. We mainly investigate SMC's evolution for the last 3 Gyr within which the Magellanic stream (MS) and the Magellanic bridge (MB) can be formed as a result of the LMC-SMC-Galaxy interaction. Our principal results, which can be tested against observations, are as follows. The final spatial distribution of the old stars projected onto the sky is spherical even after the strong LMC-SMC-Galaxy interaction, whereas that of the new ones is significantly flattened and appears to form a bar structure. Old stars have the line-of-sight velocity dispersion (sigma) of ~ 30 km/s and slow rotation with the maximum rotational velocity (V) of less than slow rotation with the maximum rotational velocity (V) of less than 20 km/s and show asymmetry in the radial profiles. New stars have a smaller sigma than old ones and a significant amount of rotation (V/sigma >1). HI gas shows velocity dispersions of sigma = 10-40 km/s a high maximum rotational velocity (V ~ 50 km/s), and the spatial distribution similar to that of new stars. The new stars with ages younger than 3 Gyr show a negative metallicity gradient in the sense that more metal-rich stars are located in the inner regions of the SMC.
description: 21 pages, 21 figures (5 color), accepted by PASA
Rezension: Von Geschichtszeichen – Rezension: Fraternité! Schöne Augenblicke in der europäischen Geschichte
Creators: name: Barberi, Alessandro
Publisher: name: Medienimpulse
Year: 2017

description: Medienimpulse, Bd. 55 Nr. 3 (2017): 3/2017 - Medien und Flucht – Medienpädagogische Perspektiven
Phantom energy in the nonlinear response of a quantum many-body scar state
Creators: name: Yang, Kangning
name: Zhang, Yicheng
name: Li, Kuan-Yu
name: Lin, Kuan-Yu
name: Gopalakrishnan, Sarang
name: Rigol, Marcos
name: Lev, Benjamin L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum many-body scars are notable as nonthermal states that exist at high energies. Here, we use attractively interacting dysprosium gases to create scar states that are stable enough be driven into a strongly nonlinear regime while retaining their character. We uncover an emergent nonlinear many-body phenomenon, the effective transmutation of attractive interactions into repulsive interactions. We measure how the kinetic and total energies evolve after quenching the confining potential. Although the bare interactions are attractive, the low-energy degrees of freedom evolve as if they repel each other: Thus, their kinetic energy paradoxically decreases as the gas is compressed. The missing ``phantom'' energy is quantified by benchmarking our experimental results against generalized hydrodynamics calculations. We present evidence that the missing kinetic energy is stored in very high-momentum modes.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures with 15-page supplement including 9 figures
Old and new Literacies
Creators: name: Kruse, Otto
Publisher: name: Medienimpulse
Year: 2019

description: Acacemic Literacy ist ein Sammelbegriff für Schreib- und Lesekompetenzen in Hochschul- und Wissenschaftskontexten. Der Beitrag gibt eine Übersicht, wie die neue Literacyforschung dieses Feld absteckt und wie sich alte und neue Literalitäten darin mischen.
description: Medienimpulse, Bd. 48 Nr. 4 (2010): 4/2010 - Literacies
Uniform Local Existence for Inhomogeneous Rotating Fluid Equations
Creators: name: Majdoub, Mohamed
name: Paicu, Marius
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35Q35, 35D05, 76D03, 76U05, 86A05, 86A10

description: We investigate the equations of anisotropic incompressible viscous fluids in $\R^3$, rotating around an inhomogeneous vector $B(t, x_1, x_2)$. We prove the global existence of strong solutions in suitable anisotropic Sobolev spaces for small initial data, as well as uniformlocal existence result with respect to the Rossby number in the same functional spaces under the additional assumption that $B=B(t,x_1)$ or $B=B(t,x_2)$. We also obtain the propagation of the isotropic Sobolev regularity using a new refined product law.
description: 25 pages, to appear in Journal of Dynamics and Differential Equations
The Total Solar Irradiance variability in the Evolutionary Timescale and its Impact on the Mean Earth's Surface Temperature
Creators: name: Shukure, N. T.
name: Tessema, S. B
name: Gopalswamy, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Sun is the primary source of energy for the Earth. The small changes in total solar irradiance (TSI) can affect our climate in the longer timescale. In the evolutionary timescale, the TSI varies by a large amount and hence its influence on the Earth's mean surface temperature (T$_{s}$) also increases significantly. We develop a mass-loss dependent analytical model of TSI in the evolutionary timescale and evaluated its influence on the T$_{s}$. We determined the numerical solution of TSI for the next 8.23 Gyrs to be used as an input to evaluate the T$_{s}$ which formulated based on a zero-dimensional energy balance model. We used the present-day albedo and bulk atmospheric emissivity of the Earth and Mars as initial and final boundary conditions, respectively. We found that the TSI increases by 10\% in 1.42 Gyr, by 40\% in about 3.4 Gyrs, and by 120\% in about 5.229 Gyrs from now, while the T$_{s}$ shows an insignificant change in 1.644 Gyrs and increases to 298.86 K in about 3.4 Gyrs. The T$_{s}$ attains the peak value of 2319.2 K as the Sun evolves to the red giant and emits the enormous TSI of 7.93$\times10^{6} Wm^{-2}$ in 7.676 Gys. At this temperature Earth likely evolves to be a liquid planet. In our finding, the absorbed and emitted flux equally increases and approaches the surface flux in the main sequence, and they are nearly equal beyond the main sequence, while the flux absorbed by the cloud shows opposite trend.
description: 9 pages, 3 Figures
Vorkommen von Tierarzneimitteln im oberflächennahen Grundwasser unter Standorten mit hoher Viehbesatzdichte in Deutschland
Creators: name: Hannappel, Stephan
Publisher: name: Bundesanstalt für Gewässerkunde, Koblenz
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Water resources research

description: Hydrologie und Wasserbewirtschaftung / BfG – Jahrgang: 58.2014,4 - ISSN 1439-1783
Partial Sums of the Fibonacci Sequence
Creators: name: Chu, Hung Viet
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11B39

description: Let $(F_n)_{n\ge 1}$ be the Fibonacci sequence. Define $P(F_n): = (\sum_{i=1}^n F_i)_{n\ge 1}$; that is, the function $P$ gives the sequence of partial sums of $(F_n)$. In this paper, we first give an identity involving $P^k(F_n)$, which is the resulting sequence from applying $P$ to $(F_n)$ $k$ times. Second, we provide a combinatorial interpretation of the numbers in $P^k(F_n)$.
description: 4 pages
Skalen, Schwerpunkte, Rückkopplungen und Herausforderungen der ökohydrologischen Forschung in Deutschland
Creators: name: Müller, Eva Nora
Publisher: name: Bundesanstalt für Gewässerkunde, Koblenz
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Water resources research

description: Hydrologie und Wasserbewirtschaftung / BfG – Jahrgang: 58.2014,4 - ISSN 1439-1783
Quantum gravitational states of ultracold neutrons as a tool for probing of beyond-Riemann gravity
Creators: name: Ivanov, A. N.
name: Wellenzohn, M.
name: Abele, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze a possibility to probe beyond-Riemann gravity (BRG) contributions, introduced by Kostelecky and Li (see Phys. Rev. D 103, 024059 (2021) and Phys. Rev. D 104, 044054 (2021)) on the basis of the Effective Field Theory (EFT) by Kostelecky Phys. Rev. D 69, 105009 (2004). We carry out such an analysis by calculating the BRG contributions to the transition frequencies of the quantum gravitational states of ultracold neutrons (UCNs). These states are being used for a test of interactions beyond the Standard Model (SM) and General Relativity (GR) in the qBOUNCE experiments. We improve by order of magnitude some constraints obtained by Kostelecky and Li (2106.11293 [gr-qc]).
description: 8 pages, 1 figure
Approximating Fair $k$-Min-Sum-Radii in Euclidean Space
Creators: name: Drexler, Lukas
name: Hennes, Annika
name: Lahiri, Abhiruk
name: Schmidt, Melanie
name: Wargalla, Julian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The $k$-center problem is a classical clustering problem in which one is asked to find a partitioning of a point set $P$ into $k$ clusters such that the maximum radius of any cluster is minimized. It is well-studied. But what if we add up the radii of the clusters instead of only considering the cluster with maximum radius? This natural variant is called the $k$-min-sum-radii problem. It has become the subject of more and more interest in recent years, inspiring the development of approximation algorithms for the $k$-min-sum-radii problem in its plain version as well as in constrained settings.
 We study the problem for Euclidean spaces $\mathbb{R}^d$ of arbitrary dimension but assume the number $k$ of clusters to be constant. In this case, a PTAS for the problem is known (see Bandyapadhyay, Lochet and Saurabh, SoCG, 2023). Our aim is to extend the knowledge base for $k$-min-sum-radii to the domain of fair clustering. We study several group fairness constraints, such as the one introduced by Chierichetti et al. (NeurIPS, 2017). In this model, input points have an additional attribute (e.g., colors such as red and blue), and clusters have to preserve the ratio between different attribute values (e.g., have the same fraction of red and blue points as the ground set). Different variants of this general idea have been studied in the literature. To the best of our knowledge, no approximative results for the fair $k$-min-sum-radii problem are known, despite the immense amount of work on the related fair $k$-center problem.
 We propose a PTAS for the fair $k$-min-sum-radii problem in Euclidean spaces of arbitrary dimension for the case of constant $k$. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first PTAS for the problem. It works for different notions of group fairness.
description: Unfortunately, there is an error in the proof. We cannot establish the general result for fair k-msr. A new version of the PTAS that solves k-msr with outliers can be found at https://katalog.ulb.hhu.de/Record/9947680789806443
Radio Proper Motions of the Energetic Pulsar PSR~J1813$-$1749
Creators: name: Dzib, Sergio A.
name: Rodríguez, Luis F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: PSR J1813--1749 has peculiarities that make it a very interesting object of study. It is one of the most energetic and the most scattered pulsar known. It is associated with HESS J1813--178, one of the brightest and most compact TeV sources in the sky. Recently, Ho et al. used archival X-ray Chandra observations separated by more than 10 years and determined that the total proper motion of PSR J1813--1749 is $\sim66$~mas~yr$^{-1}$, corresponding to a velocity of $\sim$1900 km s$^{-1}$ for a distance of 6.2 kpc. These results would imply that this pulsar is the fastest neutron star known in the Galaxy and, by estimating the angular separation with respect to the center of the associated supernova remnant, has an age of only $\sim300$ years, making it one of the youngest pulsars known. Using archival high-angular-resolution VLA observations taken over 12 years we have estimated the radio proper motions of PSR~J1813--1748 to be much smaller: ($μ_α\cdot\cos(δ),\,μ_δ$)=($-5.0\pm3.7,\,-13.2\pm6.7$)~mas~yr$^{-1}$, or a total proper motion of $14.8\pm5.9$~mas~yr$^{-1}$. The positions referenced against quasars make our results reliable. We conclude that PSR J1813--1749 is not a very fast moving source. Its kinematic age using the new total proper motion is $\sim1350$~years. This age is consistent within a factor of a few with the characteristic age of the pulsar and with the age estimated from the broadband spectral energy distribution of HESS J1813--178, as well as the age of the associated SNR.
description: Accepted for publishing in ApJ. 7 pages, 2 figures, 2 tables
Accurate theoretical determination of the ionization potentials of CaF, SrF, and BaF
Creators: name: Kyuberis, A. A.
name: Pasteka, L. F.
name: Eliav, E.
name: Perrett, H.
name: Sunaga, A.
name: Udrescu, S. M.
name: Wilkins, S. G.
name: Ruiz, R. F. Garcia
name: Borschevsky, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a comprehensive theoretical study of the ionization potentials of the MF (M= Ca, Sr, Ba) molecules using the state-of-the-art relativistic coupled cluster approach with single, double, and perturbative triple excitations (CCSD(T)). We have further corrected our results for the higher order excitations (up to full triples) and the QED self energy and vacuum polarisation contributions. We have performed an extensive investigation of the effect of the various computational parameters on the calculated ionisation potentials, which allowed us to assign realistic uncertainties on our predictions. For CaF and BaF, where precise experiments are available, our predictions are in excellent agreement with the measured values. In case of SrF, we provide a new accurate prediction of the ionisation potential that deviates from the available experimental data, motivating further experimental investigations.
description: 7 pages, before paper submission (references will be added additionally)
Regurgitated Dark Matter
Creators: name: Kim, TaeHun
name: Lu, Philip
name: Marfatia, Danny
name: Takhistov, Volodymyr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new paradigm for the production of the dark matter (DM) relic abundance based on the evaporation of early Universe primordial black holes (PBHs) themselves formed from DM particles. As a concrete realization, we consider a minimal model of the dark sector in which a first-order phase transition results in the formation of Fermiball remnants that collapse to PBHs, which then emit DM particles. We show that the regurgitated DM scenario allows for DM in the mass range $\sim1$ GeV $- \,10^{16}$ GeV, thereby unlocking parameter space considered excluded.
description: 12 pages, 2 figures; matches publication as Letter in Physical Review D
Lower bounds for index of Wente tori
Creators: name: de Lima, Levi Lopes
name: Neto, Vicente Francisco de Sousa
name: Rossman, Wayne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53A10; 53A35

description: We show numerically that any of the constant mean curvature tori first found by Wente must have index at least eight.
Optical bistability in a GaAs based polariton diode
Creators: name: Semenova, Daniele Bajoni. Elizaveta
name: Lemaître, Aristide
name: Bouchoule, Sophie
name: Wertz, Esther
name: Senellart, Pascale
name: Barbay, Sylvain
name: Kuszelewicz, Robert
name: Bloch, Jacqueline
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on a new type of optical nonlinearity in a polariton p-i-n microcavity. Abrupt switching between the strong and weak coupling regime is induced by controlling the electric field within the cavity. As a consequence bistable cycles are observed for low optical powers (2-3 orders of magnitude less than for Kerr induced bistability). Signatures of switching fronts propagating through the whole 300 microns x 300 microns mesa surface are evidenced.
description: 5 pages 3 figures
Fukushima tritiated water release -- What is the polemic all about?
Creators: name: Beck, Hans Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: Popular Physics (physics.pop-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A mere amount of 2.2 grams (780 TBq) of tritium, diluted in $1.25 \cdot 10^6$ m$^3$ water, contained in 1047 tanks at the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant are being released to the Pacific Ocean. The operation is scheduled to last over 30 years, with not more than releasing 62 mg (22 TBq) of tritium annually. The outcry in the world's press and the world's population is huge and countries like e.g. China are protesting aloud and are even banning Japanese seafood being sold in their domestic market. The outcry is real, the perceived fears are real, the havoc created on the Japanese fish market is real, but the danger is non-existing. The panic results from over-regulations initiated by the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) and similar bodies worldwide, prohibiting a reliable assessment of dangers and are thereby also preventing a solid risk analysis of real dangers.
description: 12 pages, 3 figures
Finite element analysis of fixed bone plates over fractured femur model
Creators: name: Ahirwar, Harbhajan
name: Gupta, Vijay Kumar
name: Nanda, Himansu Sekhar
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Hematology

description: The development of prosthetic bioimplants for fracture fixation using curved bone plates has been used as an established procedure for treatment in orthopedic. Here-in, we propose a novel curved bone plate fixation strategy to fix the designed biocompatible plates in different fracture models. Various biocompatible metallic biomaterials such as Ti-alloy (Ti-6Al-4V), stainless steel (SS 316L), and Co-alloy (Co-Cr) were created in SOLID works and used for the design of the bone plates. The typical fracture models (transverse and oblique) were created over a standard femur bone (models created using Materialize MIMIC/MAGIC) and two bone plates of similar materials were fixed side-by-side over the fractured femur using the screws made from Ti-6Al-4V. The finite element analysis (FEA) was carried out to evaluate the interface deformation, stress, and strain generated at the bone–bioimplant interface. The results from FEA demonstrated that the interface deformation and stress for a bone–bioimplant assembly are significantly reduced when natural anisotropic condition (functionally graded materials properties) of the human femur was well considered. Based on the analysis, Ti-6AL-4V and SS 316L were found as the best fit metallic biomaterials for the design and development of bone plate prosthetic bioimplants for fixation of an oblique fracture and transverse fracture respectively.
Refractive lensing of scintillating FRBs by sub-parsec cloudlets in the multi-phase CGM
Creators: name: Jow, Dylan L.
name: Wu, Xiaohan
name: Pen, Ue-Li
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the refractive lensing effects of ionized cool ($T \sim 10^4\,{\rm K}$) gas cloudlets in the circumgalactic medium (CGM) of galaxies. In particular, we discuss the combined effects of lensing from these cloudlets and scintillation from plasma screens in the Milky Way interstellar medium (ISM). We show that, if the CGM comprises a mist of sub-parsec cloudlets with column densities of order $10^{17}\,{\rm cm}^{-2}$ (as predicted by McCourt et al. 2018), then FRBs whose sightlines pass within a virial radius of a CGM halo will may be lensed into tens of refractive images with a $\sim 10\,{\rm ms}$ scattering timescale. When these images are formed, they will be resolved by scintillating screens in the Milky Way ISM, and will suppress the observed scintillation. We illustrate this effect in refractive lensing and argue that positive detections of FRB scintillation may constrain the properties of these cool-gas cloudlets, with current scintillation observation weakly disfavouring the cloudlet model. We propose that sheet-like geometries for the cool gas in the CGM can reconcile quasar absorption measurements (from which we infer the presence of the cool gas with structure on sub-parsec scales) and the unexpected lack of lensing signals from this gas thus far observed.
The interaction between rising bubbles and cold fronts in cool core clusters
Creators: name: Fabian, A. C.
name: Zuhone, J.
name: Walker, S. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate whether the swirling cold front in the core of the Perseus Cluster of galaxies has affected the outer buoyant bubbles that originated from jets from the Active Galactic Nucleus in the central galaxy NGC1275. The inner bubbles and the Outer Southern bubble lie along a North-South axis through the nucleus, whereas the Outer Northern bubble appears rotated about 45 deg from that axis. Detailed numerical simulations of the interaction indicates that the Outer Northern bubble may have been pushed clockwise accounting for its current location. Given the common occurrence of cold fronts in cool core clusters, we raise the possibility that the lack of many clear outer bubbles in such environments may be due to their disruption by cold fronts.
description: 18 Pages, 17 Figures, submitted to MNRAS
Quiescent luminosities of transiently accreting neutron stars with neutrino heating due to charged pion decay
Creators: name: Liu, He-Lei
name: Dai, Zi-Gao
name: Lv, Guo-Liang
name: Dohi, Akira
name: Yong, Gao-Chan
name: Hashimoto, Masa-aki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the quiescent luminosities of accreting neutron stars by a new mechanism as neutrino heating for additional deep crustal heating, where the neutrino heating is produced by charged pions decay from the nuclear collisions on the surface of neutron star during its active accretion. For low mass neutron star($\lesssim1.4~M_{\odot}$), as the neutrino heating is little($\lesssim1$ MeV per accreted nucleon) or there would be no neutrino heating, the quiescent luminsoity will be not affected or slightly affected. While for massive neutron star ($\gtrsim2~M_{\odot}$), the quiescent luminosity will be enhanced more obviously with neutrino heating in the range 2-6 MeV per accreted nucleon. The observations on cold neutron stars such as 1H 19605+00, SAX J1808.4-3658 can be explained with neutrino heating if a fast cooling and heavy elements surface are considered. The observations on a hot neutron star such as RX J0812.4-3114 can be explained with neutrino heating if the direct Urca process is forbidden for a massive star with light elements surface, which is different from the previous work that the hot observations should be explained with small mass neutron star and the effect of superfluidity.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D
Der Journalisten-Report III - Politikjournalismus in Österreich
Creators: name: Hüffel, Clemens
Publisher: name: Medienimpulse
Year: 2010

description: Verlag: Facultas Verlags- und Buchhandels AG Erscheinungsort: Wien Erscheinungsjahr: 2010
description: Medienimpulse, Bd. 48 Nr. 4 (2010): 4/2010 - Literacies
The Huygens principle for a uniaxial dielectric-magnetic medium with gyrotropic-like magnetoelectric properties
Creators: name: Mackay, Tom G.
name: Lakhtakia, Akhlesh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dyadic Green functions for a uniaxial dielectric-magnetic medium, together with a reversible field transformation, were implemented to derive a formulation of the Huygens principle appropriate to a uniaxial dielectric-magnetic medium with gyrotropic-like magnetoelectric properties.
description: 1 figure
Illegales Filesharing - Der Reiz am heimlichen Datentausch
Creators: name: Stingeder, Karl H.
Publisher: name: Medienimpulse
Year: 2010

description: Verlag: Tectum-Verlag Erscheinungsdatum: Mai 2008 ISBN: 3828895883 Wird illegales Filesharing mit Kalkül betrieben? Wer trägt die gesellschaftliche Verantwortung für diese Entwicklung? Sachlich und ohne Berührungsängste erfolgt eine fundierte Annäherung an die komplexe Thematik hinsichtlich der sozialen und wirtschaftlichen Relevanz von illegalem Filesharing – ausgehend vom durchschlagenden Erfolg der Tauschbörse "Napster" Ende der 1990er Jahre.
description: Medienimpulse, Bd. 48 Nr. 4 (2010): 4/2010 - Literacies
Rescattering Effect and Near Threshold Enhancement of $p\bar p$ System
Creators: name: Chen, G. Y.
name: Dong, H. R.
name: Ma, J. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the observed enhancement of a $p\bar p$ system near the threshold in the process $J/ψ\to γp\bar p$ and $e^+ e^- \to p\bar p$. From early studies the enhancement can be explained by final state interactions, which are in general taken into account with some potential models. In this work we offer a simple approach within quantum field theory to explain the observed enhancement. We point out that among different final state interactions the rescattering in a $N\bar N$ system though exchange of $π$ is the most important. The effects of the rescattering is completely fixed by the well-known coupling $g_{πNN}$. Our results show that the enhancement in $J/ψ\to γp\bar p$ and $e^+ e^- \to p\bar p$ can be well described with the rescattering effects.
description: 11 pages with 4 figures
title: Tag des Baubetriebs 2000 - Tagungsbeiträge: "Prozesssteuerung - Projektleitung - Dienstleistung"
Creators: name: Bauhaus-Universität Weimar. Professur Baubetrieb Und Bauverfahren
Publisher: name: Universitätsverlag
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Prozesssteuerung
subject: Dienstleistung
subject: 620

description: Beiträge zum Tag des Baubetriebs „Prozesssteuerung - Projektleitung - Dienstleistung“ am Freitag, dem 7. Juli 2000 in Weimar aus Anlass des 45-jährigen Bestehens der Professur für Baubetrieb und Bauverfahren an der Bauhaus-Universität Weimar
description: Schriften der Professur Baubetrieb und Bauverfahren, vol. 02
A survey on relative Lipschitz saturation of algebras and its relation with radicial algebras
Creators: name: da Silva, Thiago
name: Netto, Guilherme Schultz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 13B22

description: In this work, we introduce the concept of relative Lipschitz saturation, along with its key categorical and algebraic properties, and demonstrate how such a structure always gives rise to a radicial algebra.
The division of individuals
Creators: name: Morel, Richard
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: While Jones' old heart is failing, strict copies of his brain are implanted into the brainless bodies of Smith and Brown. Soon two individuals awaken, each claiming to be Jones. Could each of these two persons be Jones? This is the puzzle John Perry tackles in "Can the Self Divide?" and it is also the central problem of this thesis. Perry develops three semantic theories, the branch language, the person-stage language, and the lifetime language, each grounded on a different concept of what a person consists of. Eventually he rejects the first two languages in favor of the third. In Chapter II I examine Perry's reasons for rejecting the branch language and contend that the branch concept of a person need not be blamed for the branch language's shortcomings. In Chapter III I inspect the person-stage language and uncover a fault much more severe than those Perry complained of» the person-stage language robs persons of properties we know them to have. Hence it cannot account for normal cases of personal identity, let alone complex ones like Jones'. This crippling fault also afflicts Perry's final semantic theory, the lifetime language) the theory and its defects are described in Chapter IV. In Chapter V David Lewis' contributions are reviewed there I maintain that various parts of his theory conflict, notably his analysis of personal identity and his theory of person counting. Finally, Chapter VI contains my own attempts at resolving the problems encountered by Perry and Lewis. The theory I present is based on the branch concept of a person, as is the branch language and Lewis' theory; its analysis of personal identity, though, differs radically from either Lewis' or Perry's, being couched not in terms of strict identity but in terms of identity at a given time. As far as I can tell, the theory is free from any of the defects plaguing its forerunners; its philosophical foundation, however, needs much clarification.
Engineering plasmon modes and their loss in armchair graphene nanoribbons by selected edge-extended defects
Creators: name: Do, Thi-Nga
name: Shih, Po-Hsin
name: Gumbs, Godfrey
name: Huang, Danhong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effect of edge modification of armchair graphene nanoribbons (AGNRs) on the collective excitations are theoretically investigated. The tight-binding method is employed in conjunction with the dielectric function. Unconventional plasmon modes and their association with the flat bands of the specially designed AGNRs are thoroughly studied. We demonstrate the robust relationship between the novel collective excitations and both the type and period of the edge modification. Additionally, we reveal that the main features displayed in the (momentum, frequency)-phase diagrams for both single-particle and collective excitations of AGNRs can be efficiently tuned by edge-extended defects. Our obtained plasmon modes are found to be analogous to magnetoplasmons associated with collective excitations of Landau-quantized electrons. This work provides a unique way to engineer discrete magnetoplasmon-like modes of AGNRs in the absence of magnetic field.
Photoproduction of spin and charge carriers in halogen-bridged binuclear platinum chain complexes
Creators: name: Yamamoto, Shoji
name: Ohara, Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nonlinear lattice relaxation of photoexcited diplatinum-halide chain compounds is theoretically investigated within a one-dimensional extended Peierls-Hubbard model. We first illuminate the whole relaxation scenario in terms of variational wave functions and then visualize each relaxation channel numerically integrating the Schrödinger equation. High-energy excitations above the electron-hole continuum tend to relax into polarons, while excitons pumped within the optical gap, unless luminescent, turn into solitonic states nonradiatively. Neutral and charged solitons coexist as stable photoproducts, which has never been observed in conventional platinum-halide chains, and they are highly resonant on the occasion of their birth and geminate recombination.
description: 9 pages, 9 figures. to be published in J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 20 (2008) 415215
A Study of Variations in Correlation Between Rotation Residual and Meridional Velocity of Sunspot Groups
Creators: name: Javaraiah, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyzed the combined 142 years sunspot-group data from Greenwich Photoheliograpic Results (GPR) and Debrecen Photoheliographic Data (DPD) and determined the yearly mean residual rotation rate and the meridional velocity of sunspot groups in different 5-degree latitude intervals. The residual rotation rate is found to be -120 m/s to 80 m/s. In a large number of solar cycles the rotation is to some extent weaker during maxima than that of during minima. There exist alternate bands of equatorward and poleward merdional motions. The equatorward motion is dominant mostly around the maxima of solar cycles with velocity 8-12 m/s, whereas the poleward motion is dominant mostly around the minima but with a relatively weak velocity, only 4-6 m/s. This analysis suggests the existence of equatorward migrating alternate bands of slower and faster than average rotation within the activity belt and no clear equatorward or poleward migrating bands of meridional motions. A statistically significant anticorrelation exists between the meridional motion and residual rotation. The corresponding linear-least-squares best-fit is found to be reasonably good (slope, -0.028 + or - 0.008, is about 3.5 times larger than its standard deviation). The significant negative value of the slope indicates the existence of a strong angular momentum transport toward equator. The slope leads sunspot number (SN) by about 4 and 9 years. The Morlet wavelet spectrum of the slope suggests the existence of approximate 11-year periodicity in the slope almost throughout the data window, but it was very weak during 1920-1940.Overall the results suggest there exits a strong relationship between the slope and amount of activity during a solar cycle. However, no relationship is found between the slope and strength of activity on a long-time scale (longer than 11-year period).
description: 20 pages, 9 figures, 2 tables, to be published in Solar Physics
A comparison study on modeling of clustered and overdispersed count data for multiple comparisons
Creators: name: Kruppa, Jochen
name: Hothorn, Ludwig
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Data collected in various scientific fields are count data. One way to analyze such data is to compare the individual levels of the factor treatment using multiple comparisons. However, the measured individuals are often clustered – e.g. according to litter or rearing. This must be considered when estimating the parameters by a repeated measurement model. In addition, ignoring the overdispersion to which count data is prone leads to an increase of the type one error rate. We carry out simulation studies using several different data settings and compare different multiple contrast tests with parameter estimates from generalized estimation equations and generalized linear mixed models in order to observe coverage and rejection probabilities. We generate overdispersed, clustered count data in small samples as can be observed in many biological settings. We have found that the generalized estimation equations outperform generalized linear mixed models if the variance-sandwich estimator is correctly specified. Furthermore, generalized linear mixed models show problems with the convergence rate under certain data settings, but there are model implementations with lower implications exists. Finally, we use an example of genetic data to demonstrate the application of the multiple contrast test and the problems of ignoring strong overdispersion.
A Polarization Pipeline for Fast Radio Bursts Detected by CHIME/FRB
Creators: name: Mckinven, Ryan
name: Michilli, Daniele
name: Masui, Kiyoshi W.
name: Cubranic, Davor
name: Gaensler, B. M.
name: Ng, Cherry
name: Bhardwaj, Mohit
name: Leung, Calvin
name: Boyle, Patrick J.
name: Brar, Charanjot
name: Cassanelli, Tomas
name: Li, Dongzi
name: Mena-Parra, Juan
name: Rahman, Mubdi
name: Stairs, Ingrid
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Polarimetric observations of Fast Radio Bursts (FRBs) are a powerful resource for better understanding these mysterious sources by directly probing the emission mechanism of the source and the magneto-ionic properties of its environment. We present a pipeline for analysing the polarized signal of FRBs captured by the triggered baseband recording system operating on the FRB survey of The Canadian Hydrogen Intensity Mapping Experiment (CHIME/FRB). Using a combination of simulated and real FRB events, we summarize the main features of the pipeline and highlight the dominant systematics affecting the polarized signal. We compare parametric (QU-fitting) and non-parametric (rotation measure synthesis) methods for determining the Faraday rotation measure (RM) and find the latter method susceptible to systematic errors from known instrumental effects of CHIME/FRB observations. These errors include a leakage artefact that appears as polarized signal near $\rm{RM\sim 0 \; rad \, m^{-2}}$ and an RM sign ambiguity introduced by path length differences in the system's electronics. We apply the pipeline to a bright burst previously reported by \citet[FRB 20191219F;][]{Leung2021}, detecting an $\mathrm{RM}$ of $\rm{+6.074 \pm 0.006 \pm 0.050 \; rad \, m^{-2}}$ with a significant linear polarized fraction ($\gtrsim0.87$) and strong evidence for a non-negligible circularly polarized component. Finally, we introduce an RM search method that employs a phase-coherent de-rotation algorithm to correct for intra-channel depolarization in data that retain electric field phase information, and successfully apply it to an unpublished FRB, FRB 20200917A, measuring an $\mathrm{RM}$ of $\rm{-1294.47 \pm 0.10 \pm 0.05 \; rad \, m^{-2}}$ (the second largest unambiguous RM detection from any FRB source observed to date).
title: Prozessvorbereitung Sicherheit und Arbeitsschutz – integraler Bestandteil der Arbeits- und Prozessvorbereitung
Creators: name: Weiß, Dietrich
name: Schreiber, Cornelia
Publisher: name: Bauhaus-Universität Weimar
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Arbeitsschutz
subject: Baustelle
subject: Baubetriebslehre
subject: Deutschland / Baustellenverordnung
subject: Planung
subject: 620

description: Ein Weg, der großen Unfallgefahr auf Baustellen wirksam zu begegnen, liegt in der gewissenhaften Ausschreibung, Planung und Arbeitsvorbereitung. Die Verfasser belegen das anhand von Beispielen aus dem Thüringer Baugeschehen.
description: Tag des Baubetriebs 2000 - Tagungsbeiträge: "Prozesssteuerung - Projektleitung - Dienstleistung", p. 53
description: Schriften der Professur Baubetrieb und Bauverfahren, vol. 02
Silicodactyly: the influence in the hybrid material synthesis
Creators: name: Enrica, Gianotti
name: Ivaldi Chiara
name: Miletto Ivana
name: Geo, Paul
name: Cossi Maurizio
name: Marchese Leonardo
name: Giovenzana Giovanni, B.
name: Fraccarollo Alberto
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: hybrid materials; silicodactyly; physico-chemical characterization

description: Different types of silicodactyl platforms grafted on silica inorganic supports can be used to synthesize hybrid materials. A careful evaluation of the dactyly of the organic precursors, normally alkoxysilanes, and of the type of interaction with the inorganic supports has been performed. In fact, depending on the hydrophilicity of the silica surface (e.g. number and density of surface silanols) as well as on the grafting conditions, the hydrolysis and condensation reaction of the silylated moieties can involve only one or two out of three alkoxysilane groups. The influence of silicodactyly in the preparation of organic-inorganic silica-based hybrids was studied by 29Si, 1H and 13C solid-state NMR and FTIR spectroscopies, with the support of Molecular Dynamics calculations.