cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Predicting the failure of two-dimensional silica glasses
Creators: name: Font-Clos, Francesc
name: Zanchi, Marco
name: Hiemer, Stefan
name: Bonfanti, Silvia
name: Guerra, Roberto
name: Zaiser, Michael
name: Zapperi, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Being able to predict the failure of materials based on structural information is a fundamental issue with enormous practical and industrial relevance for the monitoring of devices and components. Thanks to recent advances in deep learning, accurate failure predictions are becoming possible even for strongly disordered solids, but the sheer number of parameters used in the process renders a physical interpretation of the results impossible. Here we address this issue and use machine learning methods to predict the failure of simulated two dimensional silica glasses from their initial undeformed structure. We then exploit Gradient-weighted Class Activation Mapping (Grad-CAM) to build attention maps associated with the predictions, and we demonstrate that these maps are amenable to physical interpretation in terms of topological defects and local potential energies. We show that our predictions can be transferred to samples with different shape or size than those used in training, as well as to experimental images. Our strategy illustrates how artificial neural networks trained with numerical simulation results can provide interpretable predictions of the behavior of experimentally measured structures.
description: 41 pages 13 figures
Low-Energy Supernovae Severely Constrain Radiative Particle Decays
Creators: name: Caputo, Andrea
name: Janka, Hans-Thomas
name: Raffelt, Georg
name: Vitagliano, Edoardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The hot and dense core formed in the collapse of a massive star is a powerful source of hypothetical feebly-interacting particles such as sterile neutrinos, dark photons, axion-like particles (ALPs), and others. Radiative decays such as $a\to2γ$ deposit this energy in the surrounding material if the mean free path is less than the radius of the progenitor star. For the first time, we use a supernova (SN) population with particularly low explosion energies as the most sensitive calorimeters to constrain this possibility. These SNe are observationally identified as low-luminosity events with low ejecta velocities and low masses of ejected $^{56}$Ni. Their low energies limit the energy deposition from particle decays to less than about 0.1 B, where $1~{\rm B~(bethe)}=10^{51}~{\rm erg}$. For 1-500 MeV-mass ALPs, this generic argument excludes ALP-photon couplings $G_{aγγ}$ in the $10^{-10}$-$10^{-8}~{\rm GeV}^{-1}$ range.
description: 5+3 pages, 2+2 figures. Minor modifications added; version published in Physical Review Letters
Sander lucioperca
Creators: name: Çiçek, Erdoğan
name: Fricke, Ronald
name: Eagderi, Soheil
name: Sungur, Sevil
name: Coad, Brian W
name: Hamdard, Mohammad Hamid
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Actinopterygii
Perciformes
Percidae
Sander
Sander lucioperca

description: Sander lucioperca (Linnaeus, 1758)
[N]—Zander
Taxonomy. Original description: Perca lucioperca Linnaeus, 1758: 289 (European lakes; no types known).— Afghanistan synonyms: Lucioperca lucioperca (Linnaeus, 1758); Stizostedion lucioperca (Linnaeus, 1758).— Revisions: Berg (1949: 1020) as Lucioperca lucioperca.—Illustration: Berg (1949: 1021, fig. 748) as Lucioperca lucioperca.
Status in Afghanistan. First record from Afghanistan by Berg (1949: 1027) as Lucioperca lucioperca; confirmed by Coad (1981: 16; 2014: 331; 2015: 229).—Afghanistan materials: None.
Distribution and habitat. Distribution in Afghanistan: Amu Darya.—General distribution: Eastern and central Europe east to Aral Sea drainages; introduced elsewhere.—Habitat: This species occurs in large, turbid rivers and eutrophic lakes, brackish coastal lakes, and estuaries. Freshwater, brackish.
Economic importance. Commercially important.
Conservation. Conservation status in Afghanistan: Unknown.—IUCN: LC (Freyhof & Kottelat 2008j).—Threats: No major threats known.—Low sensitivity to human activities.—Not considered as a keystone species.— Decline status: Unknown.—Low priority for conservation action.
description: Published as part of Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Eagderi, Soheil, Sungur, Sevil, Coad, Brian W & Hamdard, Mohammad Hamid, 2023, Fishes of Afghanistan; a revised and updated annotated checklist, pp. 1-69 in Zootaxa 5305 (1) on page 48, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5305.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/8048564
Aborichthys boutanensis
Creators: name: Çiçek, Erdoğan
name: Fricke, Ronald
name: Eagderi, Soheil
name: Sungur, Sevil
name: Coad, Brian W
name: Hamdard, Mohammad Hamid
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Actinopterygii
Cypriniformes
Nemacheilidae
Aborichthys
Aborichthys boutanensis

description: Aborichthys boutanensis (McClelland, 1842)
Remarks. This species was identified from Bolan Pass, Afghanistan [now Bhutan], as Cobitis boutanensis McClelland, 1842. This species is listed by Coad (1981: 12; 2014: 251) as Paracobitis boutaneusis. According to Coad (2014, 2015), it may not be an Afghan species but one from somewhere else in South Asia, like Bhutan, and not Afghanistan (Thoni & Hart 2015). The presence of the species needs clarification.
description: Published as part of Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Eagderi, Soheil, Sungur, Sevil, Coad, Brian W & Hamdard, Mohammad Hamid, 2023, Fishes of Afghanistan; a revised and updated annotated checklist, pp. 1-69 in Zootaxa 5305 (1) on pages 48-49, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5305.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/8048564
Production characteristics of light (anti-)nuclei from (anti-)nucleon coalescence in heavy ion collisions at energies employed at the RHIC beam energy scan
Creators: name: Zhao, Xiang-Yu
name: Feng, Yan-Ting
name: Shao, Feng-Lan
name: Wang, Rui-Qin
name: Song, Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With the kinetic freeze-out nucleons and antinucleons obtained from the quark combination model, we study the production of light nuclei and antinuclei in the (anti-)nucleon coalescence mechanism in relativistic heavy ion collisions. We derive analytic formulas of the momentum distributions of different light nuclei and apply them to compute transverse momentum ($p_T$) spectra of (anti-)deuterons ($d$, $\bar d$) and (anti-)tritons ($t$, $\bar t$) in Au-Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=$7.7, 11.5, 19.6, 27, 39, 54.4 GeV. We find that the experimental data available for these $p_T$ spectra can be well reproduced. We further study the yields and yield ratios of different light (anti-)nuclei and naturally explain their interesting behaviors as a function of the collision energy. We especially point out that the multi-particle yield ratio $tp/d^2$ should be carefully corrected from hyperon weak decays for protons to probe the production characteristics of light nuclei. All of our results show that the coalescence mechanism for (anti-)nucleons plays a dominant role for the production of light nuclei and antinuclei at the RHIC beam energy scan energies.
description: 14 pages,10 figures
Quantum enhancement of qutrit dynamics through driving field and photonic band-gap crystal
Creators: name: Yousefi, Negar Nikdel
name: Mortezapour, Ali
name: Naeimi, Ghasem
name: Nosrati, Farzam
name: Pariz, Aref
name: Franco, Rosario Lo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A comparative study of a qutrit (three-level atomic system) coupled to a classical field in a typical Markovian reservoir (free space) and in a photonic band-gap (PBG) crystal is carried out. The aim of the study is to assess the collective impact of structured environment and classical control of the system on the dynamics of quantum coherence, non-Markovianity, and estimation of parameters which are initially encoded in the atomic state. We show that the constructive interplay of PBG material as a medium and classical driving field as a part of system results in a significant enhancement of all the quantum traits of interest, compared to the case when the driven qutrit is in a Markovian environment. Our results supply insights for preserving and enhancing quantum features in qutrit systems which are promising alternative candidates to be used in quantum processors instead of qubits.
description: 11 pages, 11 figures
Iskandaria kuschakewitschi
Creators: name: Çiçek, Erdoğan
name: Fricke, Ronald
name: Eagderi, Soheil
name: Sungur, Sevil
name: Coad, Brian W
name: Hamdard, Mohammad Hamid
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Actinopterygii
Cypriniformes
Nemacheilidae
Iskandaria
Iskandaria kuschakewitschi

description: Iskandaria kuschakewitschi (Herzenstein, 1890)
Remarks. This species is listed by Coad (1981: 14) as Noemacheilus (Oreias) kuschakewitschi and Coad (2014: 328) as a possible distributed species in the Kafirnigan River, Amu Darya basin. The presence of the species needs clarification.
description: Published as part of Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Eagderi, Soheil, Sungur, Sevil, Coad, Brian W & Hamdard, Mohammad Hamid, 2023, Fishes of Afghanistan; a revised and updated annotated checklist, pp. 1-69 in Zootaxa 5305 (1) on page 49, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5305.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/8048564
Nanoscale Skyrmions on a Square Atomic Lattice
Creators: name: Brüning, Reiner
name: Kubetzka, André
name: von Bergmann, Kirsten
name: Vedmedenko, Elena Y.
name: Wiesendanger, Roland
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spin-polarized scanning tunneling microscopy has been applied to study non-collinear spin textures of a Mn monolayer on a four-fold symmetric W(001) substrate revealing a zero-field spin spiral ground state and two different types of rotational domain walls. With an applied magnetic field of 9 T, we observe a coexistence of the spin spiral and the skyrmion phase, even though a previous theoretical study reported that the phase transition occurs at 18 T. The skyrmions show a roughly hexagonal arrangement despite the square lattice symmetry of the W(001) substrate. Based on a reduced set of energy parameters, we are able to describe the experimental findings and to analyze the topological properties of the rotational domain walls.
Gamow factors and current densities in cold field emission theory: a comparative study
Creators: name: Biswas, Debabrata
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The factors that contribute to the accuracy of the cold field emission current within the contemporary frameworks are investigated. It is found that so long as the net current is evaluated using an expression for the local current density obtained by linearizing the Gamow factor, the primary source of error is the choice of the energy at which the Taylor expansion is done, but not as much on the choice of the method used to arrive at the approximate Gamow factor. A suitable choice of linearization energy and the implementation of the Kemble correction, allows the restriction of errors to below 3\% across a wide range of local fields.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures, 2 figures replaced
Revisiting the Fermionic Dark Matter Absorption on Electron Target
Creators: name: Ge, Shao-Feng
name: He, Xiao-Gang
name: Ma, Xiao-Dong
name: Sheng, Jie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform a systematic study of the fermionic DM absorption interactions on electron target in the context of effective field theory. The fermionic DM absorption is not just sensitive to sub-MeV DM with efficient energy release, but also gives a unique signature with clear peak in the electron recoil spectrum whose shape is largely determined by the atomic effects. Fitting with the Xenon1T and PandaX-II data prefers DM mass at $m_χ= 59$keV and 105keV, respectively, while the cut-off scale is probed up to around 1TeV. The DM overproduction in the early Universe, the invisible decay effect on the cosmological evolution, and the astrophysical X(gamma)-ray from the DM visible decays are thoroughly explored to give up-to-date constraints. With stringent bounds on the tensor and pseudo-scalar operators, the other fermionic DM operators are of particular interest at tonne-scale direct detection experiments such as PandaX-4T, XENONnT, and LZ.
description: 30 pages, 7 figures, and 1 table
Non-local thermal transport modeling using the thermal distributor
Creators: name: Kefayati, Ali
name: Allen, Philip B.
name: Perebeinos, Vasili
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Thermal transport in a quasi-ballistic regime is determined not only by the local temperature $T(r)$, or its gradient $\nabla T(r)$, but also by temperature distribution at neighboring points. For an accurate description of non-local effects on thermal transport, we employ the thermal distributor, $Θ(r,r')$, which provides the temperature response of the system at point $r$ to the heat input at point $r'$. We determine the thermal distributors from the linearized Peierls-Boltzmann equation (LPBE) and the relaxation time approximation (RTA) of the Peierls-Boltzmann equation and employ them to describe thermal transport in quasi-ballistic graphene devices.
description: 15 pages, 7 figures
Non-local partner to the cosmological constant
Creators: name: Donoghue, John F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I show that quantum corrections due to a massive particle generates a non-local term in the gravitational effective action which is of zeroth order in the derivative expansion, much like the cosmological constant. It carries a fixed coefficient which is very much larger than the cosmological constant, and which cannot be fine-tuned. The interaction is active at scales above the particle's mass. This is of the form $m^4 (\frac1{\Box}R)_x "" (\frac1{\Box}R)_y$, and I discuss the meaning of $ "" $ and other aspects of its interpretation.
description: 10 pages, 1 figure, comments and relevant references have been added
Hydrostatic pressure effect on Co-based honeycomb magnet BaCo2(AsO4)2
Creators: name: Huyan, Shuyuan
name: Schmidt, Juan
name: Gati, Elena
name: Zhong, Ruidan
name: Cava, Robert J.
name: Canfield, Paul C.
name: Bud'ko, Sergey L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The honeycomb antiferromagnet BaCo2(AsO4)2, in which small in-plane magnetic fields (H1 = 0.26 T and H2 = 0.52 T at T = 1.8 K < TN = 5.4 K) induce two magnetic phase transitions, has attracted attention as a possible candidate material for the realization of Kitaev physics based on the 3d element Co2+. Here, we report on the change of the transition temperature TN and the critical fields H1 and H2 of BaCo2(AsO4)2 with hydrostatic pressure up to ~ 20 kbar, as determined from magnetization and specific heat measurements. Within this pressure range, a marginal increase of the magnetic ordering temperature is observed. At the same time, the critical fields are changed significantly (up to ~ 25-35 %). Specifically, we find that H1 is increased with hydrostatic pressure, i.e., the antiferromagnetic state is stabilized with hydrostatic pressure, whereas H2, which was previously associated with a transition into a proposed Kitaev spin liquid state, decreases with increasing pressure. These results put constraints on the magnetic models that are used to describe the low-temperature magnetic properties of BaCo2(AsO4)2.
Sanguirana luzonensis
Creators: name: Diesmos, Arvin C.
name: Watters, Jessa L.
name: Huron, Nicholas A.
name: Davis, Drew R.
name: Alcala, Angel C.
name: Crombie, Ronald I.
name: Afuang, Leticia E.
name: Gee-Das, Genevieve
name: Sison, Rogelio V.
name: Sanguila, Marites B.
name: Penrod, Michelle L.
name: Labonte, Marie J.
name: Davey, Conner S.
name: Leone, E. Austin
name: Diesmos, Mae L.
name: Sy, Emerson Y.
name: Welton, Luke J.
name: Brown, Rafe M.
name: Siler, Cameron D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Amphibia
Anura
Ranidae
Sanguirana
Sanguirana luzonensis

description: Sanguirana luzonensis (Boulenger 1896)
 Rana luzonensis Boulenger 1896; Dubois 1987 “1986”; Brown, McGuire, and Diesmos 2000
 Rana (Hylarana) luzonensis, Boulenger 1920
 Rana guerreroi Taylor 1920
 Rana merilli Taylor 1922
 Rana igorata Taylor 1922
 Rana tafti Taylor 1922
 Rana everetti luzonensis, Inger 1954; Alcala and Brown 1998
 Rana (Chalcorana) luzonensis, Dubois 1992
 Hydrophylax luzonensis, Frost, Grant, Faivovich, Bain, Haas, Haddad, de Sá, Channing, Wilkinson, Donnellan, Raxworthy, Campbell, Blotto, Moler, Drewes, Nussbaum, Lynch, and Green 2006
 Hylarana luzonensis, Che, Pang, Zhao, Wu, Zhao, and Zhang 2007
 Chalcorana luzonensis, Fei, Ye, and Jiang 2010
 Sanguirana luzonensis, Fuiten, Welton, Diesmos, Barley, Oberheide, Duya, Rico, and Brown 2011
Type locality and holotype specimen: Philippines, N. Luzon Highlands of Lepauto (= Lepanto) (Status and whereabouts of holotype unknown; not traced).
Philippine distribution: Luzon, Catanduanes, Marinduque, Polillo (Endemic).
Figures 24 and 40.
description: Published as part of Diesmos, Arvin C., Watters, Jessa L., Huron, Nicholas A., Davis, Drew R., Alcala, Angel C., Crombie, Ronald I., Afuang, Leticia E., Gee-Das, Genevieve, Sison, Rogelio V., Sanguila, Marites B., Penrod, Michelle L., Labonte, Marie J., Davey, Conner S., Leone, E. Austin, Diesmos, Mae L., Sy, Emerson Y., Welton, Luke J., Brown, Rafe M. & Siler, Cameron D., 2015, Amphibians of the Philippines, Part I: Checklist of the Species, pp. 457-539 in Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences 62 (20) on pages 481-482, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.13155106
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 3696.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 24.08.1902, erstellt von Alfred Wolfer
Creators: name: Eidgenössische Sternwarte in Zürich (ETH Zürich bzw. vor 1911 Polytechnikum)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1902

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Farbstift überschrieben, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung in der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte Zürich. Instrument: Kern-Merz-Refraktor.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden mit Bleistift auf einem Vordruck eingetragen. Zugeordnete numerische Werte wurden in einer separat geführten, chronologischen Tabelle erfasst. Unter Umständen sind tabellarisch notierte Werte, die für Protuberanzen mit rot geschrieben wurden, direkt auf der Fleckenzeichnung vermerkt
description: ETH-Bibliothek
Nemacheilus corica
Creators: name: Çiçek, Erdoğan
name: Fricke, Ronald
name: Eagderi, Soheil
name: Sungur, Sevil
name: Coad, Brian W
name: Hamdard, Mohammad Hamid
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Actinopterygii
Cypriniformes
Nemacheilidae
Nemacheilus
Nemacheilus corica

description: Nemacheilus corica (Hamilton, 1822)
Remarks. This species is listed by Coad (1981: 14) as Noemacheilus (Schistura) corica and Coad (2014: 329) as Nemacheilus corica as a possible distributed species in Kurram and Kabul tributaries in Afghanistan. The presence of the species needs clarification.
description: Published as part of Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Eagderi, Soheil, Sungur, Sevil, Coad, Brian W & Hamdard, Mohammad Hamid, 2023, Fishes of Afghanistan; a revised and updated annotated checklist, pp. 1-69 in Zootaxa 5305 (1) on page 49, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5305.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/8048564
Conservative finite volume scheme for first-order viscous relativistic hydrodynamics
Creators: name: Pandya, Alex
name: Most, Elias R.
name: Pretorius, Frans
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first conservative finite volume numerical scheme for the causal, stable relativistic Navier-Stokes equations developed by Bemfica, Disconzi, Noronha, and Kovtun (BDNK). BDNK theory has arisen very recently as a promising means of incorporating entropy-generating effects (viscosity, heat conduction) into relativistic fluid models, appearing as a possible alternative to the so-called Müller-Israel-Stewart (MIS) theory successfully used to model quark-gluon plasma. The major difference between the two lies in the structure of the system of PDEs: BDNK theory only has a set of conservation laws, whereas MIS also includes a set of evolution equations for its dissipative degrees of freedom. The simpler structure of the BDNK PDEs in this respect allows for rigorous proofs of stability, causality, and hyperbolicity in full generality which have as yet been impossible for MIS. To capitalize on these advantages, we present the first fully conservative multi-dimensional fluid solver for the BDNK equations suitable for physical applications. The scheme includes a flux-conservative discretization, non-oscillatory reconstruction, and a central-upwind numerical flux, and is designed to smoothly transition to a high-resolution shock-capturing perfect fluid solver in the inviscid limit. We assess the robustness of our new method in a series of flat-spacetime tests for a conformal fluid, and provide a detailed comparison with previous approaches of Pandya & Pretorius (2021).
description: 24 pages, 9 figures; updated to match published version
Aspects of Quasi-local energy for gravity coupled to gauge fields
Creators: name: Mondal, Puskar
name: Yau, Shing-Tung
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the aspects of quasi-local energy associated with a $2-$surface $Σ$ bounding a space-like domain $Ω$ of a physical $3+1$ dimensional spacetime in the regime of gravity coupled to a gauge field. The Wang-Yau quasi-local energy together with an additional term arising due to the coupling of gravity to a gauge field constitutes the total energy ($\mathcal{QLE}$) contained within the membrane $Σ=\partialΩ$. We specialize in the Kerr-Newman family of spacetimes which contains a U(1) gauge field coupled to gravity and an outer horizon. Through explicit calculations, we show that the total energy satisfies a weaker version of a Bekenstein type inequality $\mathcal{QLE}> \frac{Q^{2}}{2R}$ for large spherical membranes, $Q$ is the charge and $R$ is the radius of the membrane. Turning off the angular momentum (Reissner Nordström) yields $\mathcal{QLE}> \frac{Q^{2}}{2R}$ for all constant radii membranes containing the horizon and in such case the charge factor appearing in the right-hand side exactly equals to that of Bekenstein's inequality. Moreover, we show that the total quasi-local energy monotonically decays from $2M_{irr}+V_{Q}$ ($M_{irr}$ is the irreducible mass, $V_{Q}$ is the electric potential energy) at the outer horizon to $M$ ($M$ is the ADM mass) at the space-like infinity under the assumption of a small angular momentum of the black hole.
description: 22 pages
Nyström Kernel Mean Embeddings
Creators: name: Chatalic, Antoine
name: Schreuder, Nicolas
name: Rudi, Alessandro
name: Rosasco, Lorenzo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Kernel mean embeddings are a powerful tool to represent probability distributions over arbitrary spaces as single points in a Hilbert space. Yet, the cost of computing and storing such embeddings prohibits their direct use in large-scale settings. We propose an efficient approximation procedure based on the Nyström method, which exploits a small random subset of the dataset. Our main result is an upper bound on the approximation error of this procedure. It yields sufficient conditions on the subsample size to obtain the standard $n^{-1/2}$ rate while reducing computational costs. We discuss applications of this result for the approximation of the maximum mean discrepancy and quadrature rules, and illustrate our theoretical findings with numerical experiments.
description: 8 pages
The saddle-point exciton signature on high harmonic generation in 2D hexagonal nanostructures
Creators: name: Avetissian, H. K.
name: Israelyan, S. S.
name: Matevosyan, H. H.
name: Mkrtchian, G. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The disclosure of basic nonlinear optical properties of graphene-like nanostructures with correlated electron-hole nonlinear dynamics over a wide range of frequencies and pump field intensities is of great importance for both graphene fundamental physics and for expected novel applications of 2D hexagonal nanostructures in extreme nonlinear optics. In the current paper, the nonlinear interaction of 2D hexagonal nanostructures with the bichromatic infrared driving field taking into account many-body Coulomb interaction is investigated. Numerical investigation in the scope of the Bloch equations within the Houston basis that take into account $e-e$ and $e-h$ interactions in the Hartree-Fock approximation reveals significant excitonic effects in the high harmonic generation process in 2D hexagonal nanostructures such as graphene and silicene. It is shown that due to the correlated electron-hole nonlinear dynamics around the van Hove singularity, spectral caustics in the high harmonic generation spectrum are induced near the saddle point excitonic resonances.
description: 10 pages, 11 figures
Signatures of non-Loudon-Fleury Raman scattering in the Kitaev magnet $β$-Li$_2$IrO$_3$
Creators: name: Yang, Yang
name: Wang, Yiping
name: Rousochatzakis, Ioannis
name: Ruiz, Alejandro
name: Analytis, James G.
name: Burch, Kenneth S.
name: Perkins, Natalia B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the magnetic excitations of the hyperhoneycomb Kitaev magnet $β$-$\text{Li}_2\text{IrO}_3$ by means of inelastic Raman scattering. The spectra exhibits a coexistence of a broad scattering continuum and two sharp low-energy peaks at 2.5 meV and 3 meV, with a distinctive polarization dependence. While the continuum is suggestive of fractional quasi-particles emerging from a proximate quantum spin liquid phase, the sharp peaks provide the first experimental signature of the `non-Loudon-Fleury' one-magnon scattering processes proposed recently [Phys. Rev. B 104, 144412 (2021)]. The corresponding microscopic mechanism is similar to the one leading to the symmetric off-diagonal exchange interaction $Γ$ (as it involves a combination of both direct and ligand-mediated exchange paths), but is otherwise completely unexpected within the traditional Loudon-Fleury theory of Raman scattering. The present experimental verification therefore calls for a drastic reevaluation of Raman scattering in similar systems with strong spin orbit coupling and multiple exchange paths.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, Supplementary material
title: Rethinking the negligence liability of public authorities in English law
Creators: name: Gafni, Ilan
Publisher: name: London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE)
Year: 2022

description: Between the 1970s and the end of the 1990s, the House of Lords and the Court of Appeal attempted to reshape the negligence liability of public authorities in English law in accordance with parallel developments in the growing body of administrative law. The attempt, however, was not successful, and in the last two decades, there is a notable shift back to a principled approach of negligence claims against public authorities. Much like the law shaped during the 19th century, courts are reemphasising the importance of subjecting public entities to the ordinary law of tort. To that end, Dicey’s ‘idea of legal equality’ still serves as the leading principle. As the cornerstone of the English rule of law, Dicey’s theory emphasises why public officials cannot escape liability just because of their public roles. However, it does not provide a sufficient reason to avoid imposing liability on a public authority when it negligently performs a specific power that a private individual does not possess. Another theory is needed to complete Dicey and explain why public authorities are subjected to the same ordinary tort law, and how ordinary law should be interpreted when discussing their negligence liability. This thesis aims to fill a current gap in the literature by suggesting a theoretical framework for equal treatment in tort, thus explaining recent trends in the law. It follows Ernest Weinrib’s corrective justice theory and Arthur Ripstein’s rights-based analysis of tort law and applies them to negligence claims against public authorities. The thesis identifies two key issues that comprise most of the ‘hard cases’ with regard to the negligence liability of public authorities: first, liability for pure economic loss; and second, a failure to protect another from harm, sometimes referred to as liability for omissions. The thesis then explains how a rights-based theory addresses both topics, focusing mainly on the ‘assumption of responsibility’ doctrine, while rejecting different policy arguments that are often mentioned in this context by judges and scholars alike.
Observation of current whirlpools in graphene at room temperature
Creators: name: Palm, Marius L.
name: Ding, Chaoxin
name: Huxter, William S.
name: Taniguchi, Takashi
name: Watanabe, Kenji
name: Degen, Christian L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electron-electron interactions in high-mobility conductors can give rise to transport signatures resembling those described by classical hydrodynamics. Using a nanoscale scanning magnetometer, we imaged a distinctive hydrodynamic transport pattern - stationary current vortices - in a monolayer graphene device at room temperature. By measuring devices with increasing characteristic size, we observed the disappearance of the current vortex and thus verify a prediction of the hydrodynamic model. We further observed that vortex flow is present for both hole- and electron-dominated transport regimes, while disappearing in the ambipolar regime. We attribute this effect to a reduction of the vorticity diffusion length near charge neutrality. Our work showcases the power of local imaging techniques for unveiling exotic mesoscopic transport phenomena.
description: Main text and supplementary materials: 16 + 28 pages, 4 + 15 figures. This is the author's version of the work. It is posted here by permission of the AAAS for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Science on 25 April 2024, DOI: 10.1126/science.adj2167
Paracobitis malapterura
Creators: name: Çiçek, Erdoğan
name: Fricke, Ronald
name: Eagderi, Soheil
name: Sungur, Sevil
name: Coad, Brian W
name: Hamdard, Mohammad Hamid
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Actinopterygii
Cypriniformes
Nemacheilidae
Paracobitis
Paracobitis malapterura

description: Paracobitis malapterura (Valenciennes, 1846)
Remarks. This species is identified from Iran and distributed in the Middle East: Lake Namak basin and eastern Kavir basin (Iran, Iraq). Therefore, Afghanistan is not included in the natural distribution range of the species. This species was probably misidentified.
description: Published as part of Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Eagderi, Soheil, Sungur, Sevil, Coad, Brian W & Hamdard, Mohammad Hamid, 2023, Fishes of Afghanistan; a revised and updated annotated checklist, pp. 1-69 in Zootaxa 5305 (1) on page 49, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5305.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/8048564
The threshold model with anticonformity under random sequential updating
Creators: name: Nowak, Bartłomiej
name: Grabisch, Michel
name: Sznajd-Weron, Katarzyna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study an asymmetric version of the threshold model with anticonformity under asynchronous update mode that mimics continuous time. We study this model on a complete graph using three different approaches: mean-field approximation, Monte Carlo simulation, and the Markov chain approach. The latter approach yields analytical results for arbitrarily small systems, in contrast to the mean-field approach, which is strictly correct only for an infinite system. We show that for sufficiently large systems, all three approaches produce the same results, as expected. We consider two cases: (1) homogeneous, in which all agents have the same tolerance threshold, and (2) heterogeneous, in which the thresholds are given by a beta distribution parametrized by two positive shape parameters $α$ and $β$. The heterogeneous case can be treated as a generalized model that reduces to a homogeneous model in special cases. We show that particularly interesting behaviors, including social hysteresis and critical mass, arise only for values of $α$ and $β$ that yield the shape of the distribution observed in real social systems.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
Evolution of the isoscalar giant monopole resonance in the Ca isotope chain
Creators: name: Olorunfunmi, S. D.
name: Neveling, R.
name: Carter, J.
name: von Neumann-Cosel, P.
name: Usman, I. T.
name: Adsley, P.
name: Bahini, A.
name: Baloyi, L. P. L.
name: Brümmer, J. W.
name: Donaldson, L. M.
name: Jivan, H.
name: Kheswa, N. Y.
name: Li, K. C. W.
name: Marín-Lámbarri, D. J.
name: Molema, P. T.
name: Moodley, C. S.
name: O'Neill, G. G.
name: Papka, P.
name: Pellegri, L.
name: Pesudo, V.
name: Sideras-Haddad, E.
name: Smit, F. D.
name: Steyn, G. F.
name: Aava, A. A.
name: Diel, F.
name: Dunkel, F.
name: Jones, P.
name: Karayonchev, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two recent studies of the evolution of the isoscalar giant monopole resonance (ISGMR) within the calcium isotope chain report conflicting results. One study suggests that the monopole resonance energy, and thus the incompressibility of the nucleus $K_{A}$ increase with mass, which implies that $K_τ$, the asymmetry term in the nuclear incompressibility, has a positive value. The other study reports a weak decreasing trend of the energy moments, resulting in a generally accepted negative value for $K_τ$. An independent measurement of the central region of the ISGMR in the Ca isotope chain is provided to gain a better understanding of the origin of possible systematic trends. Inelastically scattered $α$ particles from a range of calcium targets ($\mathrm{^{40,42,44,48}Ca}$), observed at small scattering angles including 0$^\circ$, were momentum analyzed in the K600 magnetic spectrometer at iThemba LABS, South Africa. Monopole strengths spanning an excitation-energy range between 9.5 and 25.5 MeV were obtained using the difference-of-spectra (DoS) technique. The structure of the $E0$ strength distributions of $^{40,42,44}$Ca agrees well with the results from the previous measurement that supports a weak decreasing trend of the energy moments, while no two datasets agree in the case of $^{48}$Ca. Despite the variation in the structural character of $E0$ strength distribution from different studies, we find for all datasets that the moment ratios, calculated from the ISGMR strength in the excitation-energy range that defines the main resonance region, display at best only a weak systematic sensitivity to a mass increase. Different trends observed in the nuclear incompressibility are caused by contributions to the $E0$ strength outside of the main resonance region, and in particular for high excitation energies.
description: 11 pages, 11 figures, submitted to Physical Review C
Sanguirana sanguinea
Creators: name: Diesmos, Arvin C.
name: Watters, Jessa L.
name: Huron, Nicholas A.
name: Davis, Drew R.
name: Alcala, Angel C.
name: Crombie, Ronald I.
name: Afuang, Leticia E.
name: Gee-Das, Genevieve
name: Sison, Rogelio V.
name: Sanguila, Marites B.
name: Penrod, Michelle L.
name: Labonte, Marie J.
name: Davey, Conner S.
name: Leone, E. Austin
name: Diesmos, Mae L.
name: Sy, Emerson Y.
name: Welton, Luke J.
name: Brown, Rafe M.
name: Siler, Cameron D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Amphibia
Anura
Ranidae
Sanguirana
Sanguirana sanguinea

description: Sanguirana sanguinea (Boettger 1893)
 Rana sanguinea, Boettger 1893; Inger 1954
 Rana varians Boulenger 1894
 Rana (Hylarana) sanguinea, Boulenger 1920
 Rana (Hylarana) varians, Boulenger 1920
 Hylorana varians, Deckert 1938
 Rana (Hylarana) sanguinea, Dubois 1987 “1986”
 Rana (Hylarana) varians, Dubois 1987 “1986”
 Hylarana (Hylarana) varians, Fei, Ye, and Huang 1990
 Rana (Sanguirana) sanguinea, Dubois 1992
 Rana (Sanguirana) varians, Dubois 1992
 Hylarana sanguinea, Song, Jang, Zou, and Shi 2002
 Sanguirana sanguinea, Frost, Grant, Faivovich, Bain, Haas, Haddad, de Sá, Channing, Wilkinson, Donnellan, Raxworthy, Campbell, Blotto, Moler, Drewes, Nussbaum, Lynch, and Green 2006
 Sanguirana varians Frost, Grant, Faivovich, Bain, Haas, Haddad, de Sá, Channing, Wilkinson, Donnellan, Raxworthy, Campbell, Blotto, Moler, Drewes, Nussbaum, Lynch, and Green 2006
Type locality and holotype specimen: Philippines, Calamianes Island Group, Culion Island (SMF 1062 a, now SMF 6221).
Philippine distribution: Busuanga, Culion, Palawan (Endemic).
Figures 24 and 40.
description: Published as part of Diesmos, Arvin C., Watters, Jessa L., Huron, Nicholas A., Davis, Drew R., Alcala, Angel C., Crombie, Ronald I., Afuang, Leticia E., Gee-Das, Genevieve, Sison, Rogelio V., Sanguila, Marites B., Penrod, Michelle L., Labonte, Marie J., Davey, Conner S., Leone, E. Austin, Diesmos, Mae L., Sy, Emerson Y., Welton, Luke J., Brown, Rafe M. & Siler, Cameron D., 2015, Amphibians of the Philippines, Part I: Checklist of the Species, pp. 457-539 in Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences 62 (20) on page 482, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.13155106
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 3555.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 06.03.1902, erstellt von Alfred Wolfer
Creators: name: Eidgenössische Sternwarte in Zürich (ETH Zürich bzw. vor 1911 Polytechnikum)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1902

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Farbstift überschrieben, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung in der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte Zürich. Instrument: Kern-Merz-Refraktor.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden mit Bleistift auf einem Vordruck eingetragen. Zugeordnete numerische Werte wurden in einer separat geführten, chronologischen Tabelle erfasst. Unter Umständen sind tabellarisch notierte Werte, die für Protuberanzen mit rot geschrieben wurden, direkt auf der Fleckenzeichnung vermerkt
description: ETH-Bibliothek
Frequency response limitation of heat flux meters
Creators: name: Naveros, I.
name: Ghiaus, Christian
name: Ruíz, D. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Heat flux meters are used for measuring the heat flux densities going through walls, usually at quasi-steady state. The limitations of heat flux meters under dynamic conditions are well documented in the literature; nonetheless there is a theoretical limitation which is mostly not considered and should be also taken into account. Since heat transfer is a dissipative process, it would be expected to obtain transfer functions which act as low pass filters. Nonetheless, this paper shows that the transfer functions modeling heat flow rate may become high pass filters, which is against the physical evidence. In order to show this theoretical limitation of the heat flux meters, the heat equation is transformed in different classes of models, from partial differential equations to transfer functions related to surface temperatures and heat flux density going through a wall.
Effective single component description of steady state structures of passive particles in an active bath
Creators: name: Singh, Jay Prakash
name: Pattanayak, Sudipta
name: Mishra, Shradha
name: Chakrabarti, Jaydeb
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We model a binary mixture of passive and active Brownian particles in two dimensions using the effective interaction between passive particles in the active bath. The activity of active particles and the size ratio of two types of particles are two control parameters in the system. The effective interaction is calculated from the average force on two particles generated by the active particles. The effective interaction can be attractive or repulsive, depending on the system parameters. The passive particles form four distinct structural orders for different system parameters viz; disorder (D), disordered cluster (DC), ordered cluster (OC), and poly-crystalline order (P C). The change in structure is dictated by the change in nature of the effective interaction. We further confirm the four structures using full microscopic simulation of active and passive mixture. Our study is useful to understand the different collective behaviour in non-equilibrium systems.
description: 8-pages and 6-figures
Challenging exclusive top quark pair production at low and high luminosity LHC
Creators: name: Martins, Daniel E.
name: Tasevsky, Marek
name: Goncalves, Victor P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The elastic production of top quark pairs in $pp$ collisions at low and high luminosity regimes is investigated in detail. We extend the study performed in Phys. Rev. D102, 074014 (2020) which has demonstrated that the sum of two semi-exclusive $t\bar{t}$ production modes, namely in photon-Pomeron and Pomeron-Pomeron interactions, can be experimentally measured when the $t\bar{t}$ system decays semi-leptonically, $t\bar{t}\rightarrow jjblν_l\bar{b}$, both forward protons are tagged and a low amount of pile-up is present. In this study we focus on separating individual channels and a special attention is paid to the situation at high-luminosity LHC environment. We observe that the separation of the pomeron-pomeron and photon-photon events is a challenging task, especially at high amounts of pile-up even with an optimistic 10~ps resolution of timing detectors. In contrast, the photon-Pomeron signal is relatively well separable from all backgrounds at low levels of pile-up, allowing us to discover the elastic $t\bar{t}$ production and probe, for the first time, the production of a top quark pair in the photon-Pomeron interactions. The diffractive photoproduction of such a complex system as the $t\bar{t}$ pair hence can be used not only to study diffractive properties of the scattering amplitude but also to search for new physics beyond the Standard Model, and consequently to be a solid part of the physics programme of forward proton detectors at LHC.
description: 16 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables
Paraschistura naseeri
Creators: name: Çiçek, Erdoğan
name: Fricke, Ronald
name: Eagderi, Soheil
name: Sungur, Sevil
name: Coad, Brian W
name: Hamdard, Mohammad Hamid
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Actinopterygii
Cypriniformes
Nemacheilidae
Paraschistura
Paraschistura naseeri

description: Paraschistura naseeri (Ahmad & Mirza, 1963)
Remarks. This species was identified from the Madyan stream at Madyan, Swat Valley, Pakistan, and listed by Coad (1981: 14 as Noemacheilus (Schistura) naseeri; 2014: 329) as a possible distributed species in Afghanistan, although there is no confirmed record in the country. There is not any direct link to Swat Valley via any waterway from Afghanistan. The presence of the species needs clarification.
description: Published as part of Çiçek, Erdoğan, Fricke, Ronald, Eagderi, Soheil, Sungur, Sevil, Coad, Brian W & Hamdard, Mohammad Hamid, 2023, Fishes of Afghanistan; a revised and updated annotated checklist, pp. 1-69 in Zootaxa 5305 (1) on page 49, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5305.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/8048564
Sanguirana tipanan
Creators: name: Diesmos, Arvin C.
name: Watters, Jessa L.
name: Huron, Nicholas A.
name: Davis, Drew R.
name: Alcala, Angel C.
name: Crombie, Ronald I.
name: Afuang, Leticia E.
name: Gee-Das, Genevieve
name: Sison, Rogelio V.
name: Sanguila, Marites B.
name: Penrod, Michelle L.
name: Labonte, Marie J.
name: Davey, Conner S.
name: Leone, E. Austin
name: Diesmos, Mae L.
name: Sy, Emerson Y.
name: Welton, Luke J.
name: Brown, Rafe M.
name: Siler, Cameron D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Amphibia
Anura
Ranidae
Sanguirana
Sanguirana tipanan

description: Sanguirana tipanan (Brown, McGuire, and Diesmos 2000)
 Rana tipanan Brown, McGuire, and Diesmos 2000
 Hydrophylax tipanan, Frost, Grant, Faivovich, Bain, Haas, Haddad, de Sá, Channing, Wilkinson, Donnellan, Raxworthy, Campbell, Blotto, Moler, Drewes, Nussbaum, Lynch, and Green 2006
 Hylarana tipanan, Che, Pang, Zhao, Wu, Zhao, and Zhang 2007
 Chalcorana tipanan, Fei, Ye, and Jiang 2010
 Sanguirana tipanan, Fuiten, Welton, Diesmos, Barley, Oberheide, Duya, Rico, and Brown 2011
Type locality and holotype specimen: Philippines, Luzon, Aurora Province, Municipality of San Luis, Aurora National Park, 1.2 km S, 1.3 km E of Barangay Villa Aurora, east side of Mt. Ma-aling-aling in the Kabatangan river drainage (15.651667°N, 121.351944°E; 470 m elev.) (PNM 5727).
Philippine distribution: Luzon (Endemic).
Figures 25 and 40.
description: Published as part of Diesmos, Arvin C., Watters, Jessa L., Huron, Nicholas A., Davis, Drew R., Alcala, Angel C., Crombie, Ronald I., Afuang, Leticia E., Gee-Das, Genevieve, Sison, Rogelio V., Sanguila, Marites B., Penrod, Michelle L., Labonte, Marie J., Davey, Conner S., Leone, E. Austin, Diesmos, Mae L., Sy, Emerson Y., Welton, Luke J., Brown, Rafe M. & Siler, Cameron D., 2015, Amphibians of the Philippines, Part I: Checklist of the Species, pp. 457-539 in Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences 62 (20) on page 482, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.13155106