cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
SoK: Where to Fuzz? Assessing Target Selection Methods in Directed Fuzzing
Creators: name: Weissberg, Felix
name: Möller, Jonas
name: Ganz, Tom
name: Imgrund, Erik
name: Pirch, Lukas
name: Seidel, Lukas
name: Schloegel, Moritz
name: Eisenhofer, Thorsten
name: Rieck, Konrad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A common paradigm for improving fuzzing performance is to focus on selected regions of a program rather than its entirety. While previous work has largely explored how these locations can be reached, their selection, that is, the where, has received little attention so far. A common paradigm for improving fuzzing performance is to focus on selected regions of a program rather than its entirety. While previous work has largely explored how these locations can be reached, their selection, that is, the where, has received little attention so far. In this paper, we fill this gap and present the first comprehensive analysis of target selection methods for fuzzing. To this end, we examine papers from leading security and software engineering conferences, identifying prevalent methods for choosing targets. By modeling these methods as general scoring functions, we are able to compare and measure their efficacy on a corpus of more than 1,600 crashes from the OSS-Fuzz project. Our analysis provides new insights for target selection in practice: First, we find that simple software metrics significantly outperform other methods, including common heuristics used in directed fuzzing, such as recently modified code or locations with sanitizer instrumentation. Next to this, we identify language models as a promising choice for target selection. In summary, our work offers a new perspective on directed fuzzing, emphasizing the role of target selection as an orthogonal dimension to improve performance.
Effectively Sampling Higher Order Mutants Using Causal Effect
Creators: name: Oh, Saeyoon
name: Lee, Seongmin
name: Yoo, Shin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: higher order mutant
mutation testing
causal inference
causal program dependence analysis

description: Higher Order Mutation (HOM) has been proposed to avoid equivalent mutants and improve the scalability of mutation testing, but generating useful HOMs remain an expensive search problem on its own. We propose a new approach to generate Strongly Subsuming Higher Order Mutants (SSHOM) using a recently introduced Causal Program Dependence Analysis (CPDA). CPDA itself is based on program mutation, and provides quantitative estimation of how often a change of the value of a program element will cause a value change of another program element. Our SSHOM generation approach chooses pairs of program elements using heuristics based on CPDA analysis, performs First Order Mutation to the chosen pairs, and generates an HOM by combining two FOMs.
The Absence of Dynamic Gains from Free Trade in Agriculture: Implications for the Governance of Agricultural Trade and Development
Creators: name: Moon, W.
name: Pino, G.
name: Moon, W.
name: Pino, G.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Agricultural trade
subject: Gains from trade
subject: Dynamic gains from trade
subject: Productivity gains from trade

description: This study draws upon research in economics and agricultural economics to demonstrate that free trade in agriculture is not poised to bring about dynamic/productivity gains. That is in contrast to the mounting evidence of dynamic/productivity gains (in addition to the static gains) from free trade in manufacturing industries/firms. We show that the lack of the dynamic gains from agricultural trade is due to the passivity of farm producers in determining their productivity and international competitiveness. It is highlighted that it is neither free trade nor greater competitive pressure on farm producers but public investments for R&D/infrastructure/extension that would bring about improvements in productivity over time. Implications of the lack of the dynamic gains are discussed for governing agricultural trade and designing development strategies in food-importing low income countries.
Fundamental properties of Tsallis relative entropy
Creators: name: Furuichi, S.
name: Yanagi, K.
name: Kuriyama, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fundamental properties for the Tsallis relative entropy in both classical and quantum systems are studied. As one of our main results, we give the parametric extension of the trace inequality between the quantum relative entropy and the minus of the trace of the relative operator entropy given by Hiai and Petz. The monotonicity of the quantum Tsallis relative entropy for the trace preserving completely positive linear map is also shown without the assumption that the density operators are invertible. The generalized Tsallis relative entropy is defined and its subadditivity is shown by its joint convexity. Moreover, the generalized Peierls-Bogoliubov inequality is also proven.
Simple modules for Affine vertex algebras in the minimal nilpotent orbit
Creators: name: Futorny, Vyacheslav
name: Morales, Oscar Armando Hernandez
name: Ramirez, Luis Enrique
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We explicitly construct, in terms of Gelfand--Tsetlin tableaux, a new family of simple positive energy representations for the simple affine vertex algebra V_k(sl_{n+1}) in the minimal nilpotent orbit of sl_{n+1}. These representations are quotients of induced modules over the affine Kac-Moody algebra of sl_n+1 and include in particular all admissible simple highest weight modules and all simple modules induced from sl_2. Any such simple module in the minimal nilpotent orbit has bounded weight multiplicities.
description: 29 pages, to appear in IMRN
Generalized synchronization in the presence of dynamical noise and its detection via recurrent neural networks
Creators: name: Amigó, José M.
name: Dale, Roberto
name: King, Juan C.
name: Lehnertz, Klaus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Given two unidirectionally coupled nonlinear systems, we speak of generalized synchronization when the responder \textquotedblleft follows\textquotedblright\ the driver. Mathematically, this situation is implemented by a map from the driver state space to the responder state space termed the synchronization map. In nonlinear times series analysis, the framework of the present work, the existence of the synchronization map amounts to the invertibility of the so-called cross map, which is a continuous map that exists in the reconstructed state spaces for typical time-delay embeddings. The cross map plays a central role in some techniques to detect functional dependencies between time series. In this paper, we study the changes in the \textquotedblleft noiseless scenario\textquotedblright\ just described when noise is present in the driver, a more realistic situation that we call the \textquotedblleft noisy scenario\textquotedblright . Noise will be modeled using a family of driving dynamics indexed by a finite number of parameters, which is sufficiently general for practical purposes. In this approach, it turns out that the cross and synchronization maps can be extended to the noisy scenario as families of maps that depend on the noise parameters, and only for \textquotedblleft generic\textquotedblright\ driver states in the case of the cross map. To reveal generalized synchronization in both the noiseless and noisy scenarios, we check the existence of synchronization maps of higher periods (introduced in this paper) using recurrent neural networks and predictability. The results obtained with synthetic and real world data demonstrate the capability of our method.
description: 25 pages, 4 figures
Partonic calculation of the two-photon exchange contribution to elastic electron-proton scattering at large momentum transfer
Creators: name: Chen, Y. C.
name: Afanasev, A.
name: Brodsky, S. J.
name: Carlson, C. E.
name: Vanderhaeghen, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We estimate the two-photon exchange contribution to elastic electron-proton scattering at large momentum transfer through the scattering off a parton in the proton. We relate the process on the nucleon to the generalized parton distributions which also enter in other wide angle scattering processes. We find that when taking the polarization transfer determinations of the form factors as input, adding in the 2 photon correction, does reproduce the Rosenbluth data.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Additional file 1 of Development and reliability of questionnaires for the assessment of diet and physical activity behaviors in a multi-country sample in Europe the Feel4Diabetes Study
Creators: name: Anastasiou, Costas A.
name: Evaggelia Fappa
name: Zachari, Konstantina
name: Mavrogianni, Christina
name: Stappen, Vicky Van
name: Kivelä, Jemina
name: Virtanen, Eeva
name: González-Gil, Esther M.
name: Flores-Barrantes, Paloma
name: Nánási, Anna
name: Semánová, Csilla
name: Roumyana Dimova
name: Usheva, Natalya
name: Iotova, Violeta
name: Cardon, Greet
name: Manios, Yannis
name: Makrilakis, Konstantinos
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Table S1 Intra-class correlation coefficients for test-retest in questions of the food- frequency and eating behaviors questionnaire for adults.
Automatic Equivalent Mutants Classification Using Abstract Syntax Tree Neural Networks
Creators: name: Peacock, Samuel
name: Deng, Lin
name: Dehlinger, Josh
name: Chakraborty, Suranjan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: Abstract—Mutation testing is a testing technique that is effective at designing tests and evaluating an existing test suite. Even though mutation testing has been developed to be applicable and effective towards different types of software systems and programing languages for many years, wide industrial use of mutation testing has not yet been seen. One primary reason that prevents developers and testers from using mutation testing is the expensive computational cost.Specifically, the need to manually identify equivalent mutants is a major obstacle and makes mutation testing very time consuming and labor intensive. This paper addresses this limitation and proposes a machine learning-based approach that designs and trains an abstract syntax tree recurrent neural network model to automatically classify equivalent mutants during the process of mutation testing. A pilot study with 582 mutants shows that the proposed machine learning-based approach can automatically classify equivalent mutants with an accuracy higher than 90%. The approach can significantly save the manual effort and time spent on identifying equivalent mutants during the process of mutation testing.
Are users of market information efficient? A stochastic production frontier model corrected by sample selection.
Creators: name: Kamiche Zegarra, J.
name: Bravo-Ureta, B.
name: Kamiche Zegarra, J.
name: Bravo-Ureta, B.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This article analyzes how information use affect farm productivity and efficiency. Our hypothesis is that farmers make better decisions when they use information (for example, choosing a high value crop combination or selling the products at higher prices) and that will enhance on productivity and efficiency. We use two techniques to mitigate the possible biases generated by observable and unobservable variables: Propensity Score Matching (PSM) for the first one and the stochastic production function (SPF) approach corrected by sample selection for the second one. We take advantage of the underused Peruvian National Agricultural Survey (ENA) which includes information about 12 877 farmers located in the Andean region. Our results show that farmers who use information are systematically nearer to their frontier than those who do not use information (0.50 vs. 0.47, on average). The analysis by plot size and age suggest that farmers with smaller plots and those who are middle age are more efficient in the users group; however, the relation is not clear among the nonusers of information. Thus, more research is needed about the complementarity of the agricultural inputs and information use. These results can contribute to the design of a cost-effectiveness evaluation of information extension programs.
A Survey for Transient Astronomical Radio Emission at 611 MHz
Creators: name: Katz, C. A.
name: Hewitt, J. N.
name: Corey, B. E.
name: Moore, C. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have constructed and operated the Survey for Transient Astronomical Radio Emission (STARE) to detect transient astronomical radio emission at 611 MHz originating from the sky over the northeastern United States. The system is sensitive to transient events on timescales of 0.125 s to a few minutes, with a typical zenith flux density detection threshold of approximately 27 kJy. During 18 months of around-the-clock observing with three geographically separated instruments, we detected a total of 4,318,486 radio bursts. 99.9% of these events were rejected as locally generated interference, determined by requiring the simultaneous observation of an event at all three sites for it to be identified as having an astronomical origin. The remaining 3,898 events have been found to be associated with 99 solar radio bursts. These results demonstrate the remarkably effective RFI rejection achieved by a coincidence technique using precision timing (such as GPS clocks) at geographically separated sites. The non-detection of extra-solar bursting or flaring radio sources has improved the flux density sensitivity and timescale sensitivity limits set by several similar experiments in the 1970s. We discuss the consequences of these limits for the immediate solar neighborhood and the discovery of previously unknown classes of sources. We also discuss other possible uses for the large collection of 611 MHz monitoring data assembled by STARE.
description: 24 pages, 6 figures; to appear in PASP
Additional file 1 of Psychiatric morbidity and poor follow-up underlie suboptimal functional and survival outcomes in Huntington’s disease
Creators: name: Ratna, Nikhil
name: Nitish L. Kamble
name: Sowmya D. Venkatesh
name: Purushottam, Meera
name: Pal, Pramod K.
name: Jain, Sanjeev
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary file 1. HD outcome study-Questionnaire. Description of data: This questionnaire contains parameters assessed for the consented participants which were used for clinical profiling along with clinical examination and medical record information.
USE AND COST OF SOIL CONSERVATION AND WATER QUALITY PRACTICES IN THE SOUTHEAST
Creators: name: Russell, Jesse R.
name: Christensen, Lee A.
name: Russell, Jesse R.
name: Christensen, Lee A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1984
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Costs
subject: trends in conservation practices
subject: terracing
subject: sod waterways
subject: permanent vegetative cover
subject: conservation tillage

description: The most frequently used conservation practices in the Southeast are terracing, sod waterways, permanent vegetative cover crops, and conservation tillage. Costs of terracing per acre ranged from $125 in Kentucky to $17 in South Carolina. Sod waterway costs ranged from $1,854 in Kentucky to $858 in Tennessee. Permanent vegetative cover costs ranged from a high of $121 in South Carolina to a low of $73 in North Carolina. Conservation tillage costs ranged from a high of $48 per acre in Florida to a low of $9 in Tennessee.
title: Convergence Of Proliferative And Survival Signals On The pRB/E2F Pathway In Haematopoietic Cells
Creators: name: Parad-Rajmankina, Yelena
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2002

description: Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a malignant stem cell disease characterised by an expansion of myeloid progenitor cells. These cells express a BCR/ABL fusion protein with constitutively activated tyrosine kinase activity, which causes a deregulation of apoptosis and cell cycle progression. In the pro-B BaF3 cell line, BCR/ABL has been shown to abrogate the EL-3 dependence to proliferate, but the signalling pathways activated by BCR/ABL and IL-3 to promote proliferation and survival are not yet well defined. In this study, BaF3 cells and a BaF3 cell line stably over-expressing BCR/ABL, BaF3-p210, were used to identify the downstream targets of BCR/ABL and IL-3. Both BCR/ABL and IL-3 were shown to induce the expression of cyclin D2 and inhibit the expression of the cell cycle inhibitor, p27 kipl. This regulation was shown to be directly due to BCR/ABL, in haematopoietic cells, by two different approaches. First, using a BaF3 cell line (TonB210.1) where the BCR/ABL expression is inducible by doxycycline and second, by inhibiting the kinase activity of BCR/ABL with the Abl tyrosine kinase inhibitor STI571. In order to establish the functional significance of cyclin D2 and p27 Kipl expression in response to IL-3 and BCR/ABL expression, the effects of ectopic expression of cyclin D2 and p27 Kipl on cell proliferation and survival were studied. The results demonstrate that both cyclin D2 and p27 Kipl have a role in BaF3 cell proliferation and survival, as ectopic expression of cyclin D2 is sufficient to abolish the cell cycle arrest and apoptosis induced by IL-3 withdrawal or BCR/ABL inactivation, while over-expression of p27 Kipl can cause cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in BaF3 cells. Next, the signal pathways triggered by BCR/ABL and IL-3 to regulate cell proliferation and apoptosis via cyclin D2 and p27 Kipl were investigated. The PI 3-Kinase inhibitor LY294002 blocks the ability of BCR/ABL or IL-3 to induce cyclin D2 up-regulation and p27 Kipl down-regulation and inhibits BCR/ABL-induced entry in S phase. Ectopic expression of cyclin D2 was found to overcome the cell cycle arrest induced by inhibition of PI 3-Kinase by LY294002. The results indicate that BCR/ABL and EL-3 target cyclin D2 and p27 Kipl to mediate cell cycle arrest and apoptosis through a pathway involving the phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI 3-K).
Additional file 3 of Prominent amyloid plaque pathology and cerebral amyloid angiopathy in APP V717I (London) carrier – phenotypic variability in autosomal dominant Alzheimer’s disease
Creators: name: Lloyd, Grace M.
name: Trejo-Lopez, Jorge A.
name: Yuxing Xia
name: McFarland, Karen N.
name: Lincoln, Sarah J.
name: Ertekin-Taner, Nilüfer
name: Benoit I. Giasson
name: Yachnis, Anthony T.
name: Prokop, Stefan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 3:Table S2. Summary of patient samples used in this study [35, 41, 61]
A Practical Method for API Testing in the Context of Continuous Delivery and Behavior Driven Development
Creators: name: Bennett, Brian Elgaard
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Combinatorial Testing, API Testing, Behavior Driven Development, Domain Driven Design, Continuous Delivery, Industry, Application

description: Abstract—Enterprises are increasingly adopting an API-first approach to connect and expose software services. Saxo Bank is no exception to this. Crafting test suites for such APIs can seem straight forward due to the headless nature, but our experience shows that test suites often have two problems. The first problem is that execution of tests tends to fail and pass in seemingly nondeterministic ways (tests are flaky). The second problem is that functional coverage is not clearly documented. We have found that both problems stem from a lack of explicit focus on initial context (IC), a concept from behavior driven development. When a test is flaky it is often because actual IC in the test environment is not as required by the test. When functional coverage is not clear, it is most often because a systematic analysis involving IC was not performed. We propose a method for test analysis in which we include IC in the input space when analyzing functional coverage for an API, thereby including anything which can influence the outcome of test cases. Establishing IC is in general a hard problem. We have found that focus on the bounded context, a concept from domain driven design, of the system under test is a practical way to establish relevant IC. Experience with Saxo Bank's Open API shows that this method allows testers and developers to cooperate continuously, producing test plan documents which include the reasoning behind functional coverage. Explicit focus on IC in automated test case implementations turns flaky tests into tests which report on required IC in a test environment. The method easily generalizes to all levels of API tests.
THE INFLUENCE OF WATER QUALITY ON THE VALUE OF RECREATIONAL PROPERTIES ADJACENT TO ST. ALBANS BAY, VERMONT
Creators: name: Young, C. Edwin
name: Teti, Frank A.
name: Young, C. Edwin
name: Teti, Frank A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1984
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Water quality
subject: hedonic
subject: property values
subject: benefits
subject: Rural Clean Water Program

description: Hedonic price functions were estimated to determine the impact of degraded water quality on the value of seasonal homes adjacent to St. Albans Bay on Lake Champlain in northern Vermont. A rating of water quality and a zero-one location variable were used as alternative specifications of water quality. Degraded water quality of the bay had depressed adjacent property values by $4,500 on the average, or about 20 percent, compared with similar nearby properties on the larger but cleaner lake.
On observability of Renyi's entropy
Creators: name: Jizba, Petr
name: Arimitsu, Toshihico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Despite recent claims we argue that Renyi's entropy is an observable quantity. It is shown that, contrary to popular belief, the reported domain of instability for Renyi entropies has zero measure (Bhattacharyya measure). In addition, we show the instabilities can be easily emended by introducing a coarse graining into an actual measurement. We also clear up doubts regarding the observability of Renyi's entropy in (multi--)fractal systems and in systems with absolutely continuous PDF's.
description: 18 pages, 1 EPS figure, REVTeX, minor changes, accepted to Phys. Rev. E
HABITS AND AUTOCORRELATION IN THE ALMOST IDEAL DEMAND SYSTEM APPLIED TO FOOD
Creators: name: Blanciforti, Laura
name: Blanciforti, Laura
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1984
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Demand systems
subject: habits
subject: autocorrelation
subject: food

description: A complete system of budget share equations for U.S. food consumption was estimated using alternative specifications of the Almost Ideal Demand System (AIDS) and four food groups. The specifications accounted for habits, through a systematic change in one of the parameters, and first-order autocorrelation. The theoretical structure of the AIDS enabled the utility maximization framework to remain intact, satisfied the theoretical properties pertaining to demand systems, and provided a way to ascertain the amount that habits affected current consumption. Likelihood ratio tests indicated that both habits and autocorrelation were present.
Hyphantornis crocata Hartlaub 1881
Creators: name: Lecroy, Mary
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Passeriformes
Ploceidae
Hyphantornis
Hyphantornis crocata

description: Hyphantornis crocata Hartlaub
Hyphantornis crocata Hartlaub, 1881: 100 (Magungo).
Now Ploceus ocularis crocatus (Hartlaub, 1881). See Hartlaub, 1887: 341; Hartert, 1907a: 497; 1919: 138; Moreau and Greenway, 1962: 38; Dickinson, 2003: 720; Fry and Keith, 2004: 117– 120; and Craig, 2010: 182–183.
HOLOTYPE: AMNH 724466, female (missexed as male on label), Magungo, 02.15N, 31.30E (Chapin, 1954a), Lake Mobutu Sese Seko (= Albert Njansa), Uganda, collected by Emin Bey. From the Rothschild Collection.
COMMENTS: In the original description, Hartlaub described the male and said that he had the single specimen from Magungo. Hartlaub (1887: 341) later referred to his earlier description of crocata, gave the date of collection as 25 November, and noted that the original description had referred to the Magungo bird as a male, but that it had been missexed. This holotype no longer has an original Emin label, and the sex was probably miscopied as Emin was known for his careful sexing of specimens. The label now on the specimen also does not have Emin’s number, no. 152, or the date of collection, 25 November 1879, as cited by Hartert (1907a: 497). Hartlaub (1881: pl. 5) provided a map showing Emin’s collecting localities, and (Hartlaub, 1887: pl. 14, fig. 11) illustrated this form as Symplectes crocatus.
Sánchez-Osés 2010: 67 noted that this holotype is missing from UMB.
description: Published as part of Lecroy, Mary, 2014, Type Specimens Of Birds In The American Museum Of Natural History Part 12. Passeriformes: Ploceidae, Sturnidae, Buphagidae, Oriolidae, Dicruridae, Callaeidae, Grallinidae, Corcoracidae, Artamidae, Cracticidae, Ptilonorhynchidae, Cnemophilidae, Paradisaeidae, And Corvidae, pp. 1-165 in Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2014 (393) on pages 19-20, DOI: 10.1206/885.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4629954
Additional file 2 of Prominent amyloid plaque pathology and cerebral amyloid angiopathy in APP V717I (London) carrier – phenotypic variability in autosomal dominant Alzheimer’s disease
Creators: name: Lloyd, Grace M.
name: Trejo-Lopez, Jorge A.
name: Yuxing Xia
name: McFarland, Karen N.
name: Lincoln, Sarah J.
name: Ertekin-Taner, Nilüfer
name: Benoit I. Giasson
name: Yachnis, Anthony T.
name: Prokop, Stefan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2: Table S1. List of Antibodies used for this study
Software Defects Rules Discovery
Creators: name: Vescan Andreea
name: Serban, Camelia
name: Crisan Gloria Cerasela
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: Developing highly qualitative software systems is important but at the same time difficult to be achieved due to a constant increase in size and complexity of the systems. Early detection of software defects becomes a must, various methods being researched. The Software Defects Rules Discovery (SDRD) approach aims to address the generation of rules for software defects. The model is based on code metric values and uses the ant colony system algorithm to discover the best solution. Performed experiments considered one theoretical example and two open-source projects with various setups, in total 22 different configurations were investigated. The obtained results indicated that from the set of considered metrics the ones that provide the best rules are: CBO (Coupling Between Objects), LOC (Lines Of Code), and NPM (Number of Private Methods).
THE IMPACT OF WHEAT PRICE POLICY CHANGE ON NUTRITIONAL STATUS IN EGYPT.
Creators: name: Soliman, Ibrahim
name: Shapouri, Shahla
name: Soliman, Ibrahim
name: Shapouri, Shahla
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1984
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Egypt
subject: energy requirement
subject: protein requirement
subject: calorie consumption
subject: protein consumption
subject: wheat consumption
subject: Income elasticities
subject: price elasticities
subject: food policy

description: We compared energy and protein consumption among various income classes in rural and urban areas of Egypt. The results indicate that adequate calories are provided at all income levels but inequalities exist in food distribution between rural and urban areas and among income classes. About two-thirds of Egypt's wheat, the country's basic food, is imported and the price is heavily subsidized by the Government. Our analysis shows that removing the wheat price subsidy would create a large nutritional sacrifice for the poor, especially in rural areas. We also examined alternative policies for improving nutritional status and reducing Government subsidy costs.
COMBINED EFFECTIVE INCOME AND PROPERTY TAX RATES FOR FARM CAPITAL
Creators: name: Jeremias, R. A.
name: Durst, R. L.
name: Hrubovcak, J. M.
name: Jeremias, R. A.
name: Durst, R. L.
name: Hrubovcak, J. M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1984
Subjects: subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Political Economy
subject: Effective tax rate
subject: income tax
subject: property tax
subject: investment
subject: farm equipment
subject: farm structures

description: This paper examines the combined effects of Federal and State income taxes and State and local property taxes on incentives to invest in farm capital. Combined effective income tax and property tax rates are computed for each of five types of farm equipment and farm structures in each of seven North Central States. The tax rates are shown to vary by asset type, by State, and by the income of the farm investor. The sources of differenes in the effective tax rates among asset types are examined.
Intersection cohomology of circle actions
Creators: name: Padilla, Gabriel
name: Saralegi-Aranguren, Martintxo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 55N33; 57S15

description: A classical result says that a free action of the circle $\Bbb{S}^1$ on a topological space $X$ is geometrically classified by the orbit space $B$ and by a cohomological class ${H}^{^{2}}{(B,\Bbb{Z})}$, the Euler class. When the action is not free we have a difficult open question: $Π$ : "Is the space $X$ determined by the orbit space $B$ and the Euler class?" The main result of this work is a step towards the understanding of the above question in the category of unfolded pseudomanifolds. We prove that the orbit space $B$ and the Euler class determine: * the intersection cohomology of $X$, * the real homotopy type of $X$.
Les incitations monétaires dans la politique agro-environnementale : peut-on faire mieux avec moins ?
Using monetary incentives in agri-environmental policies: Can we do more with less?
Creators: name: GROLLEAU, Gilles
name: MZOUGHI, Naoufel
name: THOYER, Sophie
name: GROLLEAU, Gilles
name: MZOUGHI, Naoufel
name: THOYER, Sophie
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2807
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: agro-environnement, incitations, économie comportementale, aversion à la perte,
subject: effets d’éviction, normes sociales

description: Depuis de nombreuses années, les politiques publiques, notamment agro-environnementales, s’appuient sur des incitations (ou sur des désincitations) monétaires afin d’encourager (ou de décourager) des comportements jugés socialement désirables (indésirables). Leur efficacité est souvent jugée décevante. À partir de quelques apports récents de l’économie comportementale, nous montrons que la prise en compte des « biais » comportementaux par des ajustements relativement simples des politiques agro-environnementales existantes peut accroître l’efficacité de l’intervention publique et diminuer les risques d’effets pervers. Nous focalisons notre attention sur l’aversion à la perte, les effets d’éviction, les effets de position et de norme sociale, ainsi que le « timing » et l’origine des incitations.
Spectral and Temporal Behavior of the Black Hole Candidate XTE J1118+480 as Observed with BeppoSAX
Creators: name: Frontera, F.
name: Amati, L.
name: Zdziarski, A. A.
name: Belloni, T.
name: Del Sordo, S.
name: Masetti, N.
name: Orlandini, M.
name: Palazzi, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: XTE J1118+480 is a well established black hole candidate with a mass estimate in the range from 7 to 10 solar masses. With BeppoSAX we observed the source 4 times, from April to December 2000. Results of the firs t observation were already reported (Frontera et al. 2001). Here we report spectral results of the later observations, performed in May, June and December 2000 and compare them with the results obtained from the 2000 April observation. We observe a decrease of the column density from a value consistent with the Galactic N_H obtained from radio measurement s to a value a factor 2 lower. The spectra are well fit with a thermal Comptonization plus a blackbody model. The blackbody luminosity decreases with time, while the electron temperature of the Comptonizing electron s does not show significant changes. A Compton reflection component is apparent and stable, although weak (mean value of Omega/2pi = 0.21[-0.04,+0.05]). The reflector shows a low metallicity (mean value of Z/Zsun = 0.13[-0.04,+0.06]). On the basis of the spectral results, a hot central disk appears the best scenar io for the high energy photons, while the temporal properties point to a non therma l origin of a fraction of the soft X-ray photons, likely synchrotron emission internal to the hot disk.
description: 26 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal
Axially Symmetric Black Hole Skyrmions
Creators: name: Sawado, Nobuyuki
name: Shiiki, Noriko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has been known that a B=2 skyrmion is axially symmetric. We consider the Skyrme model coupled to gravity and obtain static axially symmetric black hole solutions numerically. The black hole skyrmion no longer has integer baryonic charge but has fractional charge outside the horizon as in the spherically symmetric case. Therefore, the solution represents a black hole partially swallowing a deuteron. Recent studies of theories with large extra dimensions suggest an effective Planck scale of order a TeV and thus the deuteron black hole may be produced in the Linear Hadron Collider (LHC) in future.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures
Fostering Student Engagement with the AMS Sustainability Action Plan (ASAP)
Creators: name: Calapiz, Angelica
name: Cruz, Calvin
name: Wong, Andrew Lang
name: Schroer, Bridger
name: Ko, Leeann
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2020

description: The current UBC AMS Sustainability Strategy lacks goals that the contemporary student body prioritizes, and can be improved by the integration of the UN Sustainable Development Goals (UNSDGs). This study aimed to obtain student feedback to analyze the focus areas most valued by those the AMS represents, and what information dissemination methods students prefer with regards to sustainability progress within the AMS. A Qualtrics survey was distributed via social media and email newsletters, and was completed by 93 UBC students and alumni. The survey included questions asking participants to report familiarity with sustainability focus areas, AMS sustainability initiatives, the UNSDGs, and their perceived importance of sustainability focus areas. Participants were also asked to report preferred information dissemination methods. After conducting paired-sample t tests, we found that students did not place greater importance on focus areas that directly impacted student wellbeing, such as economic and social sustainability, but found that students were not familiar with these focus areas and current AMS sustainability initiatives. We also observed that participants preferred the most convenient dissemination methods. These findings suggest that lack of familiarity with sustainability focus areas may impact their perceived importance, and if information is made easily accessible, students are more likely to engage. Disclaimer: “UBC SEEDS provides students with the opportunity to share the findings of their studies, as well as their opinions, conclusions and recommendations with the UBC community. The reader should bear in mind that this is a student project/report and is not an official document of UBC. Furthermore readers should bear in mind that these reports may not reflect the current status of activities at UBC. We urge you to contact the research persons mentioned in a report or the SEEDS Coordinator about the current status of the subject matter of a project/report.”
Dark Energy Tomography
Creators: name: Song, Yong-Seon
name: Knox, Lloyd
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study how parameter error forecasts for tomographic cosmic shear observations are affected by sky coverage, density of source galaxies, inclusion of CMB experiments, simultaneou fitting of non--dark energy parameters, and the parametrization of the history of the dark energy equation-of-state parameter w(z). We find tomographic shear-shear power spectra on large angular scales (l<1000) inferred from all-sky observations, in combination with Planck, can achieve sigma(w0)=0.06 and sigma(wa)=0.09 assuming the equation-of-state parameter is given by w(z)=w0+wa(1-a(z)) and that nine other matter content and primordial power spectrum parameters are simultaneously fit. Taking parameters other than w0, wa and Omegam to be completely fixed by the CMB we find errors on w0 and wa that are only 10% and 30% better respectively, justifying this common simplifying assumption. We also study `dark energy tomography': reconstuction of w(z) assumed to be constant within each of five independent redshift bins. With smaller-scale information included by use of the Jain & Taylor ratio statistic we find sigma(wi)<0.1 for all five redshift bins and sigma(wi)<0.02 for both bins at z<0.8. Finally, addition of cosmic shear can also reduce errors on quantities already determined well by the CMB. We find the sum of neutrino masses can be determined to +-0.013eV and that the primordial power specrum power-law index, ns, as well as dns/dlnk, can be determined more than a factor of two better than by Planck alone. These improvements may be highly valuable since the lower bound on the sum of neutrino masses is 0.06eV as inferred from atmospheric neutrino oscillations, and slow-roll models of inflation predict non-zero dns/dlnk at the forecasted error levels when |n_S-1|>0.04.
description: submitted to PRD
A varying-c cosmology
Creators: name: Shojaie, Hossein
name: Farhoudi, Mehrdad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a new model for the Universe based on two key assumptions: first, the inertial energy of the Universe is a constant, and second, the total energy of a particle, the inertial plus the gravitational potential energy produced by the other mass in the Universe, is zero. This model allows the speed of light and the total mass of the Universe to vary as functions of cosmological time, where we assume the gravitational constant to be a constant. By means of these assumptions, the relations between the scale factor and the other parameters are derived. The Einstein equation, by making it compatible with varying-$c$, is used and the Friedmann equations in this model are obtained. Assuming the matter content of the Universe to be perfect fluids, the model fixes $γ$ to be 2/3. That is, the whole Universe always exhibits a negative pressure. Moreover, the behavior of the scale factor is the same for any value of the curvature. It is also shown that the Universe began from a big bang with zero initial mass and expands forever even with positive curvature, but it is always decelerating. At the end, solutions to some famous problems, mainly of the standard big bang model, and an explanation for the observational data about the accelerating Universe are provided.
description: 11 pages
L'influence des émotions sur les comportements pro-environnementaux
The influence of emotions on pro-environmental behaviors
Creators: name: IBANEZ, Lisette
name: MOUREAU, Nathalie
name: ROUSSEL, Sébastien
name: IBANEZ, Lisette
name: MOUREAU, Nathalie
name: ROUSSEL, Sébastien
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2807
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: économie comportementale
subject: émotions
subject: environnement
subject: jeu du dictateur

description: Cet article traite du rôle joué par les émotions dans les préférences altruistes. Nous étudions l’influence des émotions incidentes sur les comportements prosociaux à travers les dons qu’effectuent les individus en faveur d’associations environnementales. La méthodologie mise en place s’inscrit dans le champ de l’économie comportementale. Le jeu utilisé est celui du dictateur avec induction d’émotions via l’observation d’images photographiques. Nous montrons que les émotions modifient de manière significative la générosité. La situation dans laquelle la générosité est la plus faible est celle où les individus sont exposés à une photographie induisant une émotion positive en référence à l’environnement (contextualisée). Un effet genre apparaît par ailleurs pour les émotions négatives selon qu’elles sont contextualisées ou non, les hommes s’avérant significativement plus généreux lorsque l’émotion négative est contextualisée.
Determining Effective Avenues for Sustaining a UBC Meal Donation Program
Creators: name: Andres, Nina
name: Hajimonshi, Rojin
name: Meerza, Maha
name: Peng, Adeline
name: Rajamohan, Rithikha
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2020

description: This study investigates the best way to frame and structure a meal donation program at UBC to increase funding and support, as well as optimize fundraising efforts. We predicted participants who were provided with excerpts featuring other students’ experiences with food insecurity would donate more than participants who were not. Furthermore, we predicted the most favourable donation methods were passive (by default) ones that require minimal effort on the donors part, as opposed to active (self-driven) methods. Through an online survey we assessed our hypotheses by randomly assigning UBC students, faculty and staff (N = 96) to receive either a basic questionnaire about their knowledge of food insecurity, amount they were willing to donate, and preferred method of donating, either with or without food insecurity quotes from affected students. Results from a Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney U-test suggest that there is no significant difference in donation amount due to the inclusion of personal quotes, however the effect of other marketing strategies, such as using visual elements, were not considered. A Chi-Square goodness of fit test indicates there is statistical significance in students’ preference for passive donation methods over active ones, speaking to the need for providing convenient donation avenues tailored to different UBC demographics. Disclaimer: “UBC SEEDS provides students with the opportunity to share the findings of their studies, as well as their opinions, conclusions and recommendations with the UBC community. The reader should bear in mind that this is a student project/report and is not an official document of UBC. Furthermore readers should bear in mind that these reports may not reflect the current status of activities at UBC. We urge you to contact the research persons mentioned in a report or the SEEDS Coordinator about the current status of the subject matter of a project/report.”
Twisted Superspace for N=D=2 Super BF and Yang-Mills with Dirac-Kähler Fermion Mechanism
Creators: name: Kato, Junji
name: Kawamoto, Noboru
name: Uchida, Yukiya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a twisted D=N=2 superspace formalism. The relation between the twisted super charges including the BRST charge, vector and pseudo scalar super charges and the N=2 spinor super charges is established. We claim that this relation is essentially related with the Dirac-Kähler fermion mechanism. We show that a fermionic bilinear form of twisted N=2 chiral and anti-chiral superfields is equivalent to the quantized version of BF theory with the Landau type gauge fixing while a bosonic bilinear form leads to the N=2 Wess-Zumino action. We then construct a Yang-Mills action described by the twisted N=2 chiral and vector superfields, and show that the action is equivalent to the twisted version of the D=N=2 super Yang-Mills action, previously obtained from the quantized generalized topological Yang-Mills action with instanton gauge fixing.
description: 36 pages
A Sobolev-type inequality for the curl operator and ground states for the curl-curl equation with critical Sobolev exponent
Creators: name: Mederski, Jarosław
name: Szulkin, Andrzej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary: 35Q60, Secondary: 35Q61, 35J20

description: Let $Ω\subset \mathbb{R}^3$ be a Lipschitz domain and let $S_\mathrm{curl}(Ω)$ be the largest constant such that $$ \int_{\mathbb{R}^3}|\nabla\times u|^2\, dx\geq S_{\mathrm{curl}}(Ω) \inf_{\substack{w\in W_0^6(\mathrm{curl};\mathbb{R}^3)\\ \nabla\times w=0}}\Big(\int_{\mathbb{R}^3}|u+w|^6\,dx\Big)^{\frac13} $$ for any $u$ in $W_0^6(\mathrm{curl};Ω)\subset W_0^6(\mathrm{curl};\mathbb{R}^3)$ where $W_0^6(\mathrm{curl};Ω)$ is the closure of $\mathcal{C}_0^{\infty}(Ω,\mathbb{R}^3)$ in $\{u\in L^6(Ω,\mathbb{R}^3): \nabla\times u\in L^2(Ω,\mathbb{R}^3)\}$ with respect to the norm $(|u|_6^2+|\nabla\times u|_2^2)^{1/2}$. We show that $S_{\mathrm{curl}}(Ω)$ is strictly larger than the classical Sobolev constant $S$ in $\mathbb{R}^3$. Moreover, $S_{\mathrm{curl}}(Ω)$ is independent of $Ω$ and is attained by a ground state solution to the curl-curl problem $$ \nabla\times (\nabla\times u) = |u|^4u $$ if $Ω=\mathbb{R}^3$. With the aid of those results, we also investigate ground states of the Brezis-Nirenberg-type problem for the curl-curl operator in a bounded domain $Ω$ $$\nabla\times (\nabla\times u) +λu = |u|^4u\quad\hbox{in }Ω$$ with the so-called metallic boundary condition $ν\times u=0$ on $\partialΩ$, where $ν$ is the exterior normal to $\partialΩ$.
description: Archive for Rational Mechanics and Analysis (2021)