cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Deep Learning-based Scatter Correction on a Long-axial Field-of-view PET scanner
Creators: name: Laurent, Baptiste
name: Bousse, Alexandre
name: Merlin, Thibaut
name: Rominger, Axel
name: Shi, Kuangyu
name: Visvikis, Dimitris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Objective: Long-axial field-of-view (LAFOV) positron emission tomography (PET) systems allow higher sensitivity, with an increased number of detected lines of response induced by a larger angle of acceptance. However, this extended angle increases the number of multiple scatters and the scatter contribution within oblique planes. As scattering affects both quality and quantification of the reconstructed image, it is crucial to correct this effect with more accurate methods than the state-of-the-art single scatter simulation (SSS) that can reach its limits with such an extended field-of-view (FOV). In this work, which is an extension of our previous assessment of deep learning-based scatter estimation (DLSE) carried out on a conventional PET system, we aim to evaluate the DLSE method performance on LAFOV total-body PET.
 Approach: The proposed DLSE method based on a convolutional neural network (CNN) U-Net architecture uses emission and attenuation sinograms to estimate scatter sinogram. The network was trained from Monte-Carlo (MC) simulations of XCAT phantoms [18F]-FDG PET acquisitions using a Siemens Biograph Vision Quadra scanner model, with multiple morphologies and dose distributions. We firstly evaluated the method performance on simulated data in both sinogram and image domain by comparing it to the MC ground truth and SSS scatter sinograms. We then tested the method on seven [18F]-FDG and seven [18F]-PSMA clinical datasets, and compare it to SSS estimations.
 Results: DLSE showed superior accuracy on phantom data, greater robustness to patient size and dose variations compared to SSS, and better lesion contrast recovery. It also yielded promising clinical results, improving lesion contrasts in [18F]-FDG datasets and performing consistently with [18F]-PSMA datasets despite no training with [18F]-PSMA.
description: 15 pages, 10 figures, 3 tables
An atomic colour superfluid via three-body loss
Creators: name: Kantian, A.
name: Dalmonte, M.
name: Diehl, S.
name: Hofstetter, W.
name: Zoller, P.
name: Daley, A. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Large three-body losses in a three-component Fermi gas confined in an optical lattice can prevent the occupation of a lattice site by three atoms. This effective constraint not only gives rise to a suppression of actual three-body loss, but stabilises BCS pairing phases by suppressing the formation of trions. We study the effects of the constraint using bosonisation and density matrix renormalisation group techniques (DMRG). We discuss the case of lithium experiments, and study the dissipative dynamics including loss using time-dependent DMRG with quantum trajectories methods.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
A sharp interface Lagrangian-Eulerian method for flexible-body fluid-structure interaction
Creators: name: Kolahdouz, Ebrahim M.
name: Wells, David R.
name: Rossi, Simone
name: Aycock, Kenneth I.
name: Craven, Brent A.
name: Griffith, Boyce E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper introduces a sharp-interface approach to simulating fluid-structure interaction involving flexible bodies described by general nonlinear material models and across a broad range of mass density ratios. This new flexible-body immersed Lagrangian-Eulerian (ILE) approach incorporates the geometrical and domain solution flexibility of the immersed boundary (IB) method with an accuracy comparable to body-fitted approaches that sharply resolve flows and stresses up to the fluid-structure interface. Unlike many IB methods, our ILE formulation uses distinct momentum equations for the fluid and solid subregions with a Dirichlet-Neumann coupling strategy that connects fluid and solid subproblems through simple interface conditions. We use a penalty method involving two representations of the fluid-structure interface. These two representations are connected by approximate Lagrange multiplier forces that impose kinematic interface conditions. This approach also enables the use of multi-rate time stepping, which allows us to take different time step sizes for the fluid and structure subproblems. Our fluid solver relies on an immersed interface method for discrete surfaces to impose stress jump conditions along complex interfaces. The dynamics of the volumetric structural mesh are determined using a standard finite element approach to large-deformation nonlinear elasticity via a nearly incompressible solid mechanics formulation. This formulation also readily accommodates compressible structures for cases in which part of the solid boundary does not contact the incompressible fluid. Comparisons are made with computational and experimental benchmarks. We also demonstrate the capabilities of this methodology by applying it to model the transport and capture of a cylindrical blood clot in an inferior vena cava filter.
Contrato público e a autoridade anticorrupção_ um olhar sobre a Itália
Creators: name: Fortini, Cristiana
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 180103 Administrative Law
subject: FOS: Law

description: Oscilações na abordagem da corrupção A despeito de não ser possível fixar um conceito universal de corrupção, porque os países a definirão a partir de aspectos culturais e históricos que influenciarão opções políticas, o costumeiro repúdio está centrado na corrupção “clássica’”, relacionada à promessa ou oferecimento/pagamento de vantagem indevida a agente público. Ainda assim, não há identidade de abordagem e oscilações existem, por vezes, dentro do mesmo país. No Brasil, por exemplo, os verbos prometer, oferecer constam do artigo 333 do Código Penal Brasileiro, que define corrupção ativa, enquanto a Lei anticorrupção, Lei 12.846/13, em seu artigo 5o, inciso I, inclui o verbo dar, ao catalogar atos reprováveis que poderão levar à punição de pessoas jurídicas.
Additional file 1 of Weight gain after diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus and its association with adverse pregnancy outcomes: a cohort study
Creators: name: Zheng, Wei
name: Huang, Wenyu
name: Liu, Cheng
name: Yan, Qi
name: Zhang, Li
name: Tian, Zhihong
name: Yuan, Xianxian
name: Li, Guanghui
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Table S1. GWG after OGTT in women with GDM classified by IOM criteria and risk of types of Cesarean section (aOR (95% CI))
Application of Green's function technique to paramagnetic resonance
Creators: name: Frank, Barry
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: This thesis contains discussions of a number of points which arose when the author was studying the "paramagnetic resonance line shape problem". The so-called moment method is discussed, and a new derivation of the moments of the line shape function is given. Single-spin operators are introduced which simplify the calculation of these moments. The Green's function technique, as applied to this problem, and the decoupling approximations associated with the technique, are looked at from the point of view of reliability and complexity. As a test of the reliability of any decoupling, a theorem concerning the moments of a line shape arising from such a decoupling is discussed and proved. The Green's function technique is applied to the case of the one-dimensional Ising model with spin ½, where no decoupling of the hierarchy of Green's function equations is necessary. A method of calculating thermal averages for this case, using difference equations, is given.
Symmetry causes a huge conductance peak in double quantum dots
Creators: name: Whitney, Robert S.
name: Marconcini, P.
name: Macucci, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We predict a huge interference effect contributing to the conductance through large ultra-clean quantum dots of chaotic shape. When a double-dot structure is made such that the dots are the mirror-image of each other, constructive interference can make a tunnel barrier located on the symmetry axis effectively transparent. We show (via theoretical analysis and numerical simulation) that this effect can be orders of magnitude larger than the well-known universal conductance fluctuations and weak-localization (both less than a conductance quantum). A small magnetic field destroys the effect, massively reducing the double-dot conductance; thus a magnetic field detector is obtained, with a similar sensitivity to a SQUID, but requiring no superconductors.
description: 5pages 3 figures and an appendix ONLY in arXiv version
Curiosidades sobre sanções às pessoas jurídicas corruptas
Creators: name: Fortini, Cristiana
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 180103 Administrative Law
subject: FOS: Law

description: A Lei 12.846/13, conhecida como Lei Anticorrupção, por mim e outros colunistas já abordada ao longo do ano, prevê a aplicação das sanções administrativas descritas no seu artigo 6o, quais sejam multa sobre o faturamento bruto do ano anterior à instauração do processo administrativo de responsabilização e publicação extraordinária da decisão condenatória, que podem incidir de forma isolada ou não. A decisão pela aplicação isolada ou conjunta é discricionária. Porém a liberdade administrativa, sempre relativizada, não está situada apenas na decisão pela aplicação conjunta ou isolada de uma das reprimendas.
Jargon-Free Science Writing
Creators: name: Lunn, Jenny
name: Vrouwenvelder, Kristina
name: Micucci, Chris
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: science communication
education
workshop

description: Jargon-Free Science Writing

Workshop jointly run by Jenny Lunn, Kristina Vrouwenvelder, and Chris Micucci at AGU23. 

Part 1: Writing an Effective Plain Language Summary

Jenny Lunn, Director, Publications

Avoid jargon and write a clear summary of your research for your plain language summary, published alongside your abstract in AGU journals

Activity: compare abstracts and plain language summaries to identify strategies you can employ to write an effective plain language summary of your own.

Part 2: Bite-Sized Science 

Kristina Vrouwenvelder, co-Editor in Chief of Geobites and Program Manager, Open Science

Learn how to write a science news-style research highlight and tips for identifying your audience in science communication.

Activity: Write a paragraph introducing a recent paper for a general audience in a science news-y style.

Part 3: Summarizing Your Work in Just 280 Characters

Chris Micucci, Program Coordinator, Publications

Learn best practices for promoting your work through social media and develop a social media strategy for different outlets. 

Activity: Write a tweet about a recent work! 

Other Resources: 

Watch Your Words! Toolkit from AGU Sharing Science

Social Media Toolkit from AGU Sharing Science
Investigating quantum criticality through charged scalar fields near the BTZ black hole horizon
Creators: name: Guvendi, A.
name: Mustafa, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine a charged scalar field with a position-dependent mass \( m(ρ) = m_0 + \mathcal{S}(ρ) \), where \(\mathcal{S}(ρ)\) represents a Lorentz scalar potential, near a BTZ black hole in the presence of an external magnetic field. By deriving the Klein-Gordon equation for this setup, we explore two scenarios: (i) a mass-modified scalar field with \(m(ρ) = m_0 - a/ρ\) (an exactly solvable case), and (ii) a scenario involving both mass modification and an external magnetic field (conditionally exactly solvable). We identify quantum critical points (QCPs) associated with the coupling constant \(a\). In the first scenario, for massless charged scalar fields, critical points occur at \(a = n + 1/2\) for all radial quantum numbers \(n \geq 0\) and magnetic quantum numbers \(|m| \geq 0\). In the second scenario, these critical points shift to \(a = n + 3/2\) for \(n \geq 0\) and \(|m| > 0\), with the case \(m = 0\) excluded. For massive scalar fields, QCPs emerge at \(a = (n + 1/2)/2\), leading to non-propagating fields at zero frequency. At these QCPs, the field frequencies drop to zero, marking transitions from stable oscillatory modes to non-propagating states. Below the critical points, the system exhibits instability, characterized by negative imaginary frequencies that suggest rapid decay and high dissipation. Above the critical points, the modes stabilize and propagate, indicating a transition to a superconducting-like phase, where dissipation vanishes and stable excitations dominate.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures
On weak convergence of quasi-infinitely divisible laws
Creators: name: Khartov, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60E05, 60E07, 60E10, 60F05

description: We study a new class of so-called quasi-infinitely divisible laws, which is a wide natural extension of the well known class of infinitely divisible laws through the Lévy--Khinchine type representations. We are interested in criteria of weak convergence within this class. Under rather natural assumptions, we state assertions, which connect a weak convergence of quasi-infinitely divisible distribution functions with one special type of convergence of their Lévy--Khinchine spectral functions. The latter convergence is not equivalent to the weak convergence. So we complement known results by Lindner, Pan, and Sato (2018) in this field.
Shear-driven size segregation of granular materials: modeling and experiment
Creators: name: May, Lindsay B. H.
name: Golick, Laura A.
name: Phillips, Katherine C.
name: Shearer, Michael
name: Daniels, Karen E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Granular materials segregate by size under shear, and the ability to quantitatively predict the time required to achieve complete segregation is a key test of our understanding of the segregation process. In this paper, we apply the Gray-Thornton model of segregation (developed for linear shear profiles) to a granular flow with an exponential profile, and evaluate its ability to describe the observed segregation dynamics. Our experiment is conducted in an annular Couette cell with a moving lower boundary. The granular material is initially prepared in an unstable configuration with a layer of small particles above a layer of large particles. Under shear, the sample mixes and then re-segregates so that the large particles are located in the top half of the system in the final state. During this segregation process, we measure the velocity profile and use the resulting exponential fit as input parameters to the model. To make a direct comparison between the continuum model and the observed segregation dynamics, we locally map the measured height of the experimental sample (which indicates the degree of segregation) to the local packing density. We observe that the model successfully captures the presence of a fast mixing process and relatively slower re-segregation process, but the model predicts a finite re-segregation time, while in the experiment re-segregation occurs only exponentially in time.
The footprint of E7 in amplitudes of N=8 supergravity
Creators: name: Kallosh, Renata
name: Kugo, Taichiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the low energy theorems associated with the non-linearly realized continuous E7 symmetry of the on-shell N=8 supergravity. For Nambu-Goldstone bosons we evaluate the one-soft-scalar-bosonemission amplitudes by computing the E7 current matrix element on the one-particle external lines. We use the explicit form of the conserved E7 Noether current and prove that all such matrix elements vanish in the soft momentum limit,assuming the SU(8) symmetry of the S-matrix.This implies that all tree amplitudes vanish in the one-soft-boson limit. We also discuss the implications of unbroken E7 symmetry for higher-order amplitudes.
description: 18 p., 2 figures
Relative population densities and transition probabilities in a neon glow discharge
Creators: name: Irwin, John Charles
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: An experimental technique has been developed for the investigation of departures from thermodynamic equilibrium in plasmas. The relative populations of the upper and lower levels of a spectral line are measured by the reversal temperature method. The reversal temperatures themselves are determined by varying the relative exposure times of the background source and the plasma to be investigated. The relative population densities of the levels in the 2p⁵3s and 2p⁵3p configurations of Nel have been measured. A Neon glow discharge operated in the current region 1mA to 100mA served as the plasma. The results show that the excited gas is definitely not in thermal equilibrium. The relative intensities of the emission lines between the 2p⁵3s and 2p⁵3p configurations of NeI were measured photometrically and corrected for self-absorption. These intensities were then used in conjunction with the relative population densities to determine relative transition probabilities for the spectral lines concerned. The results are accurate to approximately 10% to 15% and are compared to the values obtained previously by other workers.
Decreto Federal 9.507/18 e a terceirização na administração pública
Creators: name: Fortini, Cristiana
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 180103 Administrative Law
subject: FOS: Law

description: A existência de normas que abordam a execução indireta, mediante a contratação de serviços por órgãos e entidades da administração pública, não é novidade. O Decreto-Lei 200/67, fruto de estudos desenvolvidos no âmbito da Comissão Especial de Estudos da Reforma Administrativa (Comestra), com vistas a redesenhar a administração, já previa a execução indireta, indicando a preferência pela terceirização para a execução das atividades-meio. Assim, mesmo que àquela época a Constituição da República não fizesse referência expressa ao princípio da eficiência, e ainda que ambientado em cenário de administração púbica burocrática, havia, e o decreto-lei assim bem simboliza, preocupação com a otimização da função administrativa. Posteriormente, a terceirização foi objeto de leis e atos normativos, a ela se referindo indiretamente a Lei 8.666/93 em diversos dispositivos, com destaque para os artigos 6o, VIII; 57, II, e 71.
MPEC 2023-X292 : 2023 XM13
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 XM13

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Gas phase atomic metals in the circumstellar envelope of IRC+10216
Creators: name: Mauron, N.
name: Huggins, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the results of a search for gas phase atomic metals in the circumstellar envelope of the AGB carbon star IRC+10216. The search was made using high resolution (R=50000) optical absorption spectroscopy of a backgound star that probes the envelope on a line of sight 35" from the center. The metal species that we detect in the envelope include NaI, KI, CaI, CaII, CrI, and FeI, with upper limits for AlI, MnI, TiI, TiII, and SrII. The observations are used to determine the metal abundances in the gas phase and the condensation onto grains. The metal depletions range from a factor of 5 for Na to 300 for Ca, with some similarity to the depletion pattern in interstellar clouds. Our results directly constrain the condensation efficiency of metals in a carbon-rich circumstellar envelope and the mix of solid and gas phase metals returned by the star to the ISM. The abundances of the uncondensed metal atoms that we observe are typically larger than the abundances of the metal-bearing molecules detected in the envelope. The metal atoms are therefore the major metal species in the gas phase and likely play a key role in the metal chemistry.
description: 11 pages, 8 Figures. Accepted by Astronomy and Astrophysics
Nonlinear bias of collective oscillation frequency induced by asymmetric Cauchy noise
Creators: name: Ageeva, Maria V.
name: Goldobin, Denis S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the effect of nonlinear bias of the frequency of collective oscillations of sin-coupled phase oscillators subject to individual asymmetric Cauchy noises. The noise asymmetry makes the Ott-Antonsen Ansatz inapplicable. We argue that, for all stable non-Gaussian noises, the tail asymmetry is not only possible (in addition to the trivial shift of the distribution median) but also generic in many physical and biophysical set-ups. For the theoretical description of the effect, we develop a mathematical formalism based on the circular cumulants. The derivation of rigorous asymptotic results can be performed on this basis but seems infeasible in traditional terms of the circular moments (the Kuramoto-Daido order parameters). The effect of the entrainment of individual oscillator frequencies by the global oscillations is also reported in detail. The accuracy of theoretical results based on the low dimensional circular cumulant reductions is validated with the high-accuracy "exact" solutions calculated with the continued fraction method.
description: 14 pages, 6 figures
A new sampling indicator function for stable imaging of periodic scattering media
Creators: name: Nguyen, Dinh-Liem
name: Stahl, Kale
name: Truong, Trung
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35R30, 78A46, 65C20

description: This paper is concerned with the inverse problem of determining the shape of penetrable periodic scatterers from scattered field data. We propose a sampling method with a novel indicator function for solving this inverse problem. This indicator functionl is very simple to implement and robust against noise in the data. The resolution and stability analysis of the indicator function is analyzed. Our numerical study shows that the proposed sampling method is more stable than the factorization method and more efficient than the direct or orthogonality sampling method in reconstructing periodic scatterers.
description: 22 pages
Precision check on triviality of phi^4 theory by a new simulation method
Creators: name: Wolff, Ulli
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report precise simulations of phi^4 theory in the Ising limit. A recent technique to stochastically evaluate the all-order strong coupling expansion is combined with exact identities in the closely related Aizenman random current representation. In this way high precision estimates of the renormalized coupling are possible at low CPU cost. As a sample application we present results for the unbroken phase of the Ising model in dimensions 3, 4 and 5 and investigate the question of triviality by studying a finite size scaling continuum limit.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures, Introductory paragraph added, one line missing in the table added, to appear in Phys. Rev. D
Photonic Modes in Twisted Graphene Nanoribbons
Creators: name: Guvendi, A.
name: Dogan, S. G.
name: Mustafa, O.
name: Hasanirokh, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This study investigates the behavior of photonic modes in twisted graphene nanoribbons (TGNRs) using an analytical approach based on solving the fully covariant vector boson equation. We present a model that demonstrates how helical twisting in TGNRs significantly affects the evolution of photonic modes. Our analytical solutions yield detailed expressions for mode profiles, energy spectra, and decay characteristics. We find that increasing the twist parameter shortens the decay times (\(τ_{ns}\)) for damped modes, indicating enhanced photonic coupling due to the twisted geometry. Conversely, longer nanoribbons (NRs) exhibit increased decay times, showing a length (\(L\))-dependent effect, where \(τ_{ns} \propto L / c\), with \(c\) representing the speed of light. These findings may enhance the understanding of light control in nanostructures and suggest potential applications in tunable photonic devices, topological photonics, and quantum optical systems.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure
The Effect of Epsilon-Near-Zero (ENZ) Modes on the Casimir Interaction between Ultrathin Films
Creators: name: Gong, Tao
name: Liberal, Inigo
name: Spreng, Benjamin
name: Camacho, Miguel
name: Engheta, Nader
name: Munday, Jeremy N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Vacuum fluctuation-induced interactions between macroscopic metallic objects result in an attractive force between them, a phenomenon known as the Casimir effect. This force is the result of both plasmonic and photonic modes. For very thin films, field penetration through the films will modify the allowed modes. Here, we investigate the Casimir interaction between two ultrathin films from the perspective of the force distribution over real frequencies for the first time and find pronounced repulsive contributions to the force due to the highly confined and nearly dispersion-free epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) modes that only exist in ultrathin films. These contributions are found to persistently occur around the ENZ frequency of the film and are irrespective of the inter-film separation. We further associate the ENZ modes with a striking thickness dependence in the averaged force density for conductive thin films, a metric signifying a thin-film's acceleration due to Casimir effect. Our results shed light on the role of the unique vacuum fluctuation modes existing in ultrathin ENZ materials, which may offer significant potential for engineering the motion of objects in nanomechanical systems.
Punição excessiva a atos de corrupção não favorece interesse público
Creators: name: Fortini, Cristiana
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 180103 Administrative Law
subject: FOS: Law

description: O conceito de corrupção não é universal. Pode se emprestar maior ou menor elasticidade a ele. No mesmo país, leis diversas podem caracterizá-la de formas distintas. A maior ou menor repulsa a comportamentos corruptos também não é uniforme, razão pela qual a reprimenda estatal também oscila. Evidente que há se repreender aqueles que praticam atos rotulados legalmente como corruptos considerando os impactos sociais nefastos que sua prática pode provocar. O aumento dos
 valores dos contratos celebrados por entes estatais, o
 direcionamento irracional e indevido dos recursos públicos em
 detrimento das reais necessidades sociais, é exemplo que revela
 que a corrupção afeta a todos, embora atinja de forma ainda mais brutal a camada economicamente mais frágil da população. Porém não se pode ignorar que o excesso de punição transmuda o remédio em veneno e, antes de salvaguardar o interesse público, acaba por vitimá-lo.
Effect of Strain on the Growth of InAs/GaSb Superlattices: An X-Ray Study
Creators: name: Li, J. H.
name: Stokes, D. W.
name: Wickett, J. C.
name: Caha, O.
name: Bassler, K. E.
name: Moss, S. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a detailed x-ray diffraction study of the strain in InAs/GaSb superlattices grown by molecular beam epitaxy. The superlattices were grown with either InSb or GaAs interfaces. We show that the superlattice morphology, either planar or nanostructured, is dependent on the chemical bonds at the heterointerfaces. In both cases, the misfit strain has been determined for the superlattice layers and the interfaces. We also determined how the magnitude and sign of this strain is crucial in governing the morphology of the superlattice. Our analysis suggests that the growth of self-assembled nanostructures may be extended to many systems generally thought to have too small a lattice mismatch.
description: 40 pages, 14 figures, 2 tables. Submitted to Journal of Applied Physics in November 2009
The L723 low mass star forming protostellar system: resolving a double core
Creators: name: Girart, J. M.
name: Rao, R.
name: Estalella, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present 1.35 mm SMA observations around the low-mass Class 0 source IRAS 19156+1906, at the the center of the L723 dark cloud. We detected emission from dust as well as emission from H2CO, DCN and CN, which arise from two cores, SMA 1 and SMA 2, separated by 2.9" (880 AU). SMA 2 is associated with VLA 2. SiO 5-4 emission is detected, possibly tracing a region of interaction between the dense envelope and the outflow. We modeled the dust and the H2CO emission from the two cores: they have similar physical properties but SMA 2 has a larger p-H2CO abundance than SMA 1. The p-H2CO abundances found are compatible with the value of the outer part of the circumstellar envelopes associated with Class 0 sources. SMA 2 is likely more evolved than SMA 1. The kinematics of the two sources show marginal evidence of infall and rotation motions. The mass detected by the SMA observation, which trace scales of ~1000 AU, is only a small fraction of the mass contained in the large scale molecular envelope, which suggests that L723 is still in a very early phase of star formation. Despite the apparent quiescent nature of the L723, fragmentation is occurring at the center of the cloud at different scales. Thus, at 1000 AU the cloud has fragmented in two cores, SMA 1 and SMA 2. At the same time, at least one of these cores, SMA 2, has undergone additional fragmentation at scales of 150 AU, forming a multiple stellar system.
description: 35 pages, 15 figures. Accepted to the Astrophysical Journal
First Year of SMARTNESS
Creators: name: SMART NEtworks and ServiceS for 2030 (SMARTNESS)
Publisher: name: SMARTNESS
Year: 2024
Subjects: SMARTNESS 2030
6G Architecture
Engineering Research Center (ERC)

description: The "1 Year of SMARTNESS" presentation will review the progress of the SMARTNESS 2030 initiative, a networking-centric Engineering Research Center (ERC) under FAPESP. The agenda includes discussions on its role in 6G end-to-end architecture, organizational structure, leadership, and key scientific and technological advancements. Research strands (RS) and strategic goals will also be highlighted, along with insights from the executive team and STA leaders.
On the separation between baryonic and dark matter: evidence for phantom dark matter?
Creators: name: Knebe, Alexander
name: Llinares, Claudio
name: Wu, Xufen
name: Zhao, HongSheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recent years have seen combined measurements of X-ray and (weak) lensing contours for colliding galaxy clusters such as, for instance, the famous "Bullet" cluster. These observations have revealed offsets in the peaks of the baryonic and (dominant) gravitational matter component of order ~(100-200) kpc. Such discrepancies are difficult to explain using modified theories for gravity other than dark matter. Or are they not? Here we use the concept of "phantom dark matter" that is based upon a Newtonian interpretation of the MONDian gravitational potential. We show that this idea is in fact capable of producing substantial offsets in idealistic density configurations, involving a uniform external field. However, when analysed in a MONDian cosmological framework we deduce that the size (and probablity) of the effect is too small to explain the observed offsets found in the most recent observations, at least in the simplest incarnation of phantom dark matter as discussed here. The lensing centers in merging galaxy clusters are likely very close to the centers of true mass even in a MONDian cosmology. This gives the support to the idea that neutrino-like non-collisional matter might be responsible for the observed offsets of lensing and X-ray peaks.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Additional file 1 of SPINK4 promotes colorectal cancer cell proliferation and inhibits ferroptosis
Creators: name: Hu, Bang-li
name: Yin, Yi-xin
name: Li, Ke-zhi
name: Li, Si-qi
name: Li, Zhao
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 1.
Lei Anticorrupção e programas de integridade em escritórios
Creators: name: Fortini, Cristiana
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 180103 Administrative Law
subject: FOS: Law

description: Por Cristiana Fortini e Mariana Magalhães Avelar A Lei Anticorrupção (Lei 12.846/13) prevê a responsabilização civil e administrativa de pessoas jurídicas pela prática de atos que ela rotula como corruptos. As condutas descritas como corruptas no artigo 5o da lei ultrapassam o cenário das licitações e contratos, embora parte significativa das posturas rechaçadas alcance empresas e entidades inseridas (ou interessadas na inserção) no mercado da administração pública.
Quasibound states for a scalar field under the influence of an external magnetic field in the near-horizon geometry of the BTZ black hole with torsion
Creators: name: Guvendi, Abdullah
name: Dogan, Semra Gurtas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a charged scalar field under the effect of an external uniform magnetic field in the near-horizon geometry of the Banados-Teitelboim-Zanelli black hole with torsion and obtain quasi-stationary states of the system under consideration through obtaining analytical solution of the corresponding Klein-Gordon equation. We obtain the solution function of the equation and accordingly we arrive at a complex spectra. We observe that the real oscillation frequency of the modes and their decay time depends on the strength of the external magnetic field besides the parameters of the geometric background. We see that the amplitude of the real oscillation modes decreases and the decay time of the modes becomes longer as the strength of the external magnetic field increases. The results also indicate that the geometric background is stable under such a perturbation field.
Insights into Supermassive Black Hole Mergers from the Gravitational Wave Background
Creators: name: Mingarelli, C. M. F.
name: Blecha, L.
name: Bogdanović, T.
name: Charisi, M.
name: Chen, S.
name: Escala, A.
name: Goncharov, B.
name: Graham, M. J.
name: Komossa, S.
name: McWilliams, S. T.
name: Schwartz, D. A.
name: Zrake, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: At the Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics, participants of the rapid response workshop on the gravitational wave background explored discrepancies between experimental results and theoretical models for a background originating from supermassive black hole binary mergers. Underestimated theoretical and/or experimental uncertainties are likely to be the explanation. Another key focus was the wide variety of search methods for supermassive black hole binaries, with the conclusion that the most compelling detections would involve systems exhibiting both electromagnetic and gravitational wave signatures
description: Nature Astronomy Meeting Report for KITP Rapid Response Workshop
Star products: a group-theoretical point of view
Creators: name: Aniello, Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Adopting a purely group-theoretical point of view, we consider the star product of functions which is associated, in a natural way, with a square integrable (in general, projective) representation of a locally compact group. Next, we show that for this (implicitly defined) star product explicit formulae can be provided. Two significant examples are studied in detail: the group of translations on phase space and the one-dimensional affine group. The study of the first example leads to the Groenewold-Moyal star product. In the second example, the link with wavelet analysis is clarified.
description: 42 pages; conclusions added; a few references added
Consequences of cosmic microwave background-regulated star formation
Creators: name: Bailin, Jeremy
name: Stinson, Greg
name: Couchman, Hugh
name: Harris, William E.
name: Wadsley, James
name: Shen, Sijing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has been hypothesized that the cosmic microwave background (CMB) provides a temperature floor for collapsing protostars that can regulate the process of star formation and result in a top-heavy initial mass function at high metallicity and high redshift. We examine whether this hypothesis has any testable observational consequences. First we determine, using a set of hydrodynamic galaxy formation simulations, that the CMB temperature floor would have influenced the majority of stars formed at redshifts between z=3 and 6, and probably even to higher redshift. Five signatures of CMB-regulated star formation are: (1) a higher supernova rate than currently predicted at high redshift; (2) a systematic discrepancy between direct and indirect measurements of the high redshift star formation rate; (3) a lack of surviving globular clusters that formed at high metallicity and high redshift; (4) a more rapid rise in the metallicity of cosmic gas than is predicted by current simulations; and (5) an enhancement in the abundances of alpha elements such as O and Mg at metallicities -2 < [Fe/H] < -0.5. Observations are not presently able to either confirm or rule out the presence of these signatures. However, if correct, the top-heavy IMF of high-redshift high-metallicity globular clusters could provide an explanation for the observed bimodality of their metallicity distribution.
description: ApJ in press, 10 pages, emulateapj
The impact of live dietary microbes on health: A scoping review
Creators: name: Iyer, Ajay
name: Mukherjee, Arghya
name: Gómez-Sala, Beatriz
name: O'Connor, Eibhlís
name: G Kenny, John
name: Cotter, Paul D.
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 31
subject: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: A systematic approach to collect, peruse, and summarize the available information relating to the potential benefits of consuming dietary microbes was pursued in this scoping review. This review focused on the research endpoints, experimental designs, and microbial exposure in experimental as well as observational research work. Using a structured- set of keywords, scientific databases were systematically searched to retrieve publications reporting outcomes pertaining to the use of dietary microbes in healthy, nonpatient populations. Searches were further tailored to focus on eight different health categories, namely, “antibiotic associated diarrhoea” (AAD), “gastrointestinal health” (GIH), “immunological health” (ImH), “cardiovascular health and metabolic syndrome” (CvHMS), “cancer prevention” (CanPr), “respiratory health” (ReH), “weight management” (WtMgt), and “urogenital health” (UrGH). Quality of evidence available in each publication was assessed using the Jadad scoring system. The search yielded 228 relevant publications describing 282 experimental cases comprising 62 research endpoints overall. A microbial dose of ≥ 2 × 109 CFU.day−1 was associated with non-negative reported outcomes. Older population groups with a median age of 39 years were associated with positive outcomes. More high-quality research is required investigating the role of dietary microbes in maintaining general health, particularly in the health categories of UrGH, WtMgt, and CanPr
Magnetohydrodynamic jets from different magnetic field configurations
Creators: name: Fendt, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using axisymmetric MHD simulations we investigate how the overall jet formation is affected by a variation in the disk magnetic flux profile and/or the existence of a central stellar magnetosphere. Our simulations evolve from an initial, hydrostatic equilibrium state in a force-free magnetic field configuration. We find a unique relation between the collimation degree and the disk wind magnetization power law exponent. The collimation degree decreases for steeper disk magnetic field profiles. Highly collimated outflows resulting from a flat profile tend to be unsteady. We further consider a magnetic field superposed of a stellar dipole and a disk field in parallel or anti-parallel alignment. Both stellar and disk wind may evolve in a pair of outflows, however, a reasonably strong disk wind component is essential for jet collimation. Strong flares may lead to a sudden change in mass flux by a factor two. We hypothesize that such flares may eventually trigger jet knots.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures; proceedings from conference: Protostellar Jets in Context, held in Rhodes, July 7-12, 2008
Sharp turns in axion monodromy: primordial black holes and gravitational waves
Creators: name: Bhattacharya, Sukannya
name: Zavala, Ivonne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Large turns in multifield inflation can lead to a very rich phenomenology, but are difficult to realise in supergravity, and typically require large field space curvatures. In this work, we present a mechanism to realise multiple sharp turns, and therefore strong non-geodesic trajectories, from transient violations of slow-roll without the requirement of large field space curvatures in supergravity inflation. Such turning rates can strongly source the adiabatic fluctuations, resulting in an enhanced scalar power spectrum with resonant features and a large peak amplitude. If the growth of the scalar power spectrum at small scales is large enough, primordial black holes can be produced in abundance. These large scalar fluctuations induce a characteristic large spectrum of gravitational waves for a wide range of frequencies, which inherits the resonant features. We illustrate this mechanism in a supergravity model of axion monodromy, which provides the first concrete model to realise such resonant features. The model can sustain inflation for around 60 e-folds, leading to considerable production of very light primordial black holes, and large gravitational wave spectra, which could be detectable by multiple upcoming gravitational wave surveys. For the set of parameter we consider, large oscillations occur at all scales. This represents a challenge for the model at large scales and motivates further investigation to reconcile this class of models with Planck data.
description: 36 pages, 9 figures; several clarifications and references added