Paralobella palustris Jiang, Luan & Yin, 2012, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Jiang, Jigang
name: Luan, Yunxia
name: Yin, Wenying
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Entognatha
Collembola
Neanuridae
Paralobella
Paralobella palustris

description: Paralobella palustris sp. nov.
Figs 1–10, Tables 1–2
Type material. Holotype: female, China, Zhejiang Province, Tianmu Mountain, Qianmutian, (alt. 1320m, 30º23’ N, 119º26’ E), 28-VII-2011, coll. Jigang Jiang, Chengwang Huang and Yun Bu. Paratypes: 7 females, 3 males; 12 in alcohol, all data as holotype. Holotype and 7 paratypes (4 females and 3 males) deposited in Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, others deposited in Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha.
Description. Body length. Males 2.4–2.7 mm, females 2.5–3.0 mm.
Color. Red alive and white in alcohol.
Head. Head hypognathous. Eyes 3+3, black and separated from each other (Fig. 1). Ant. III and IV dorsally fused. Length ratio of antennal segments as I: II: (III + IV) = 1: 1.1–1.2: 2.0–2.3. Ant. I and II respectively with 7 and 11 chaetae. Ant. III organ consisting of 4 sensory chaetae, including sgd, sgv and 2 curved small rods in separate pits, ventral side with ms. Ant. IV apical bulb trilobed, dorsally with mou-chaetae, or, 8S, and i chaeta, lacking microsensillum (Fig. 8). Distal edge of labrum rounded, its chaetal formula as 0/2, 2 (Fig. 7). Labium with 2 x and 11chaetae (Fig. 10). Mandible elongate, consisting of a basal teeth and 3 apical rami. Upper ramus dentated on both side, left side with 5 teeth, right side with 7 teeth; mid ramus with 4 teeth, basal part swollen; the third ramus with 3 teeth (Fig. 5). Maxilla styliform, maxillary head consisting of 2 lamellae, the short one with 2 hooks, the tall one with 4 tiny teeth (Fig. 6).
Cephalic tubercles and chaetotaxy. Head dorsally with 9 well differentiated tubercles, ie. 2 An, 2 Oc, Fr, 2 Di and 2 De. Tubercle Dl, L and So fused and weakly differentiated. Tubercle Cl weakly differentiated and with 4 chaetae (2F, 2G). 2 tubercles An each with 4 chaetae (B, C, D, E). Tubercle Fr with 3 chaetae (O, 2A). Tubercles Oc each with 3 chaetae (Oca, Ocm and Ocp, line transversally). Dorsal posterior area with 4 separate tubercles and 8 chaetae in total; 2 tubercles Di each with 1 chaeta (Di 1), and 2 tubercles De each with 3 chaetae (De 1, De 2, Di 2). Dorsal lateral area with 3 tubercles fused and 19(20) chaetae in total; Dl, L and So respectively represented by 7(8), 6 and 6 chaetae (Fig. 1 and Table 1).
Body tubercles and chaetotaxy. Tubercles rounded. Th. I with 3+3 tubercles (Di, De, Dl). Th. II–Abd. IV with 4+4 tubercles each (Di, De, Dl, L). Abd. V with 8 tubercles; 2 Di each with 3 chaetae, De small, with only one sensory chaeta, Dl with 4 chaetae, 2 lateral tubercle L each with 6 chaetae. Abd. VI with 1+1 tubercles, each tubercle with 7 chaetae. Body sensory chaeta (s) and sensory microchaeta (ms) formula as 2+ms, 2/2, 2, 2, 2, 1 (Figs 1 and 2, Table 2). Each anal valve with 3 microchaetae An in both sexes.
Appendices. Chaetotaxy of legs, ventral tube and furcular remnant shown in Table 2. Tibiotarsi I–III respectively with 19, 19, 18 chaetae. Unguis ventrally with 1 inner tooth, basal granules and medial transverse striae. Unguiculus and tenent hair absent (Fig. 4). Ventral tube with 1+1 proximal and 3+3 distal chaetae (Fig. 3). Furcula reduced to elliptic area with 3 mesochaetae and without microchaetae (Fig. 3).
3 mi C, D, E
Fr 1 Mi O 2 me A
Oc 2 Mi Oca, Ocp 1 M Ocm
Di 1 M Di 1
De 1 M De 1
Between Di and De 2 mi Di 2, De 2
(outside tubercles)
Dl+L+So 3 M uncertain homologies
13 me
3 mi
Terga Legs
Di De Dl L Scx2 cx Tr Fe T Th. I M M+me M – 0 3 6 13 19 Th. II M+me+mi M+me+ 2mi +s 2M+2me+s+ms M+2me 2 7 6 11 19 Th. III M+me+mi M+me+ 2mi +s 2M+2me+s M+2me 2 8 6 10 18 Terga Sterna
Abd. I M+me M+me+mi+s M+me M+2me+s VT 4+4
Abd. II M+me M+me+mi+s M+me M+3me+s Ve 4
Abd. III M+me M+me+mi+s M+me M+3me+s Ve 4 Fu 3 Abd. IV 2 me (mi) M+me+s M+2me 2M+5me+s Ve 7 vl 5 Abd. V M+me s 2M+2me 3M+3me Ag 3 vl 2(3) Abd. V 5 M+2me Ve 14
Etymology. The name of the new species is derived from the habitat where the species was collected.
Ecology. Found in marsh moss in mountains.
Remarks. Paralobella palustris sp. nov. differs from other species of the genus by the unusual shape of mandible and maxilla. The mandible consists of three rami with totally 20 teeth. The maxilla has two lamellae: a longer one with four small teeth, and a shorter one with two teeth in the form of hooks.
They differ also in the number of chaetae on tubercle L of Abd. II–III. The new species has five chaetae (4+s), while the others have less than five setae (P. e r a w a n, P. ap s a la and P. orousseti have four; P. khaochongensis, P. kinabaluensis, P. paraperfusa, P. penangensis and P. perfusa have three; P. sabahna and P. selangorica only have two setae). On Abd. IV the new species has 8 chaetae (7+s) on tubercle L while P. khaochongensis (Yosii, 1976), P. orousseti Cassagnau & Deharveng, 1984 and P. penangensis (Yosii, 1976) have only 6 chaetae (5+s) on tubercle L and the other species of the genus have no more than five chaetae. The new species is also similar to P. orousseti, described from Philippines by Cassagnau and Deharveng (1984), in the number of body chaetae and body tubercle arrangement. For the new species, the chaetae formula of tubercle L from Th. II to Abd. IV is 6 (4+s+ms), 5 (4+s)/ 4 (3+s), 5 (4+s), 5 (4+s), 8 (7+s) and for P. orousseti 5 (3+s+ms), 4 (3+s)/ 4 (3+s), 4 (3+s), 4 (3+s), 6 (5+s).
The new species is uniformly red and P. orousseti has two color forms: one red with head, antennae and Th.I yellow, second yellow (head, antennae, Th.I), red (Th.II-Abd.II) and white (hind-body).
The new species can be easily differentiated from the Vietnamese species P. p e r f u s a (Denis, 1934) by the shape of the mandible with 5–6 teeth in the latter species. Differences between all known species of the genus are presented below in the identification key.
Discussion. Most characters of the new species (3+3 eyes, tubercles An on head separated from each other, labral chaetotaxy as /2, 2, maxilla styliform, tubercle Oc with three chaetae, tubercle Fr present, a sensory chaeta presents on each tubercle L of Abd. I–IV), are those of the genus Paralobella. However, a few characters, such as the number of teeth on mandible and the tubercle De on Abd. V separated from tubercle Dl, could exclude it from the genus. The latter character did not hinder Deharveng and Bedos (2000) from transfering Lobella perfusa into the genus Paralobella, in spite that Paralobella perfusa has separated tubercles De and Dl on Abd. V. Cassagnau and Deharveng (1984) gave fused tubercles De and Dl and a sensory chaeta present on each tubercle L of Abd. I–IV, as the main generic characters for Paralobella, but the first character can not be used as a generic one.
According to the above-mentioned problems the genus can be re-diagnosed.
description: Published as part of Jiang, Jigang, Luan, Yunxia & Yin, Wenying, 2012, Paralobella palustris sp. nov. (Collembola: Neanuridae: Neanurinae) from China, with remarks and key to species of the genus, pp. 70-76 in Zootaxa 3500 on pages 71-75, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.282472