cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Rain-induced fruit cracking in sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.).
Creators: name: Measham, PF
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: Production of sweet cherries (Prunus avium L.) around the world is centred on achieving high quality, blemish free fruit. One of the main concerns to Australian cherry growers and limitations to production is the unpredictable nature of raininduced fruit cracking, which occurs in the later stages of fruit development and renders fruit unsaleable in markets that attract premium fruit prices. Control of cracking remains unreliable and the underlying mechanism is not yet fully understood. This thesis examines cracking from a tree water relations perspective, starting with patterns of crack development, the relationship of rainfall and fruit properties with cracking incidence, and concludes with an exploration of the underlying mechanisms resulting in crack development. Cracking takes three distinct forms; stem end cuticular fractures, apical end cuticular fractures and large cracks, usually deep into the pulp, on the cheek of the fruit. This study has demonstrated that although all three types developed in the three-week period prior to commercial harvest, varieties displayed different levels of total cracking and distinctly different proportions of each crack type. Overall the extent of cracking was strongly controlled by season. While initial development of cracks coincided with rainfall, no relationship between amount of rain and incidence of cracking was found. There were also relationships between both crop load and tangential stress of the fruit skin with crack type and incidence. Influx of water to the fruit via the vascular system was recorded after rainfall, prompting an investigation of the influence of water uptake both via the vascular system and directly across the skin. Application of excess water to simulate rainfall, only to the root-zone induced large cracks in the side of the fruit. Application of water at a similar rate to the canopy induced cuticular cracks localised around the stem and apical end of the fruit with no increase in deep side cracks. This finding suggested different water uptake mechanisms driving development of side cracks and the shallower cuticular cracks at the ends of the fruit. An exploration of the driving forces responsible for vascular entry of excess water into the fruit proposed influx via the pedicel phloem and supported a role for adjacent leaves in control of water movement under conditions likely to initiate deep side cracks. The findings establish mode of water uptake into the fruit as the main determinant of crack type in a susceptible variety. Future management of cracking needs to consider both varietal and seasonal factors, and may need to be variety or crack type specific.
The world around us and the picture(s) in our heads: The effects of news media use on belief organization
Creators: name: Glogger, Isabella
name: Shehata, Adam
name: Hopmann, David Nicolas
name: Kruikemeier, Sanne
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Since Converse [1964. The nature of belief systems in mass publics. Critical Review, 18(1-3), 1 – 74 https://doi.org/10.1080/08913810608443650] asked “What goes with what?”, research tries to answer this question. How individuals perceive the world around them depending on media use has been an endeavor of studying societal beliefs of societal issues separately. Building upon literature on cognitive architecture, we study how media use shapes the formation and stability of belief structures across issues in public opinion reﬂected in groups of individuals. Using a three-wave panel study, we found (1) that individuals’ perceptions of diﬀerent issues are interconnected, (2) translating into aggregate-stable, concurring groups in public opinion, and that (3) differential media use affects the formation and stability of these groups.
New Supernova Candidates from SDSS-DR7 of Spectral Survey
Creators: name: Tu, Liangping
name: Luo, Ali
name: Wu, Fuchao
name: Wu, Chao
name: Zhao, Yongheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The letter presents 25 discovered supernova candidates from SDSS-DR7 with our dedicated method, called Sample Decrease, and 10 of them were confirmed by other research groups, and listed in this letter. Another 15 are first discovered including 14 type Ia and one type II based on Supernova Identification (SNID) analysis. The results proved that our method is reliable, and the description of the method and some detailed spectra analysis procedures were also presented in this letter.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures
Direct Wolf summation of a polarizable force field for silica
Creators: name: Brommer, Peter
name: Beck, Philipp
name: Chatzopoulos, Andreas
name: Gähler, Franz
name: Roth, Johannes
name: Trebin, Hans-Rainer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extend the Wolf direct, pairwise r^(-1) summation method with spherical truncation to dipolar interactions in silica. The Tangney-Scandolo interatomic force field for silica takes regard of polarizable oxygen atoms whose dipole moments are determined by iteration to a self-consistent solution. With Wolf summation, the computational effort scales linearly in the system size and can easily be distributed among many processors, thus making large-scale simulations of dipoles possible. The details of the implementation are explained. The approach is validated by estimations of the error term and simulations of microstructural and thermodynamic properties of silica.
description: See http://link.aip.org/link/?JCP/132/194109 - 8 pages, 6 figures. Changes in v3: Copyright notice added, minor typographical changes. Changes in v2: 1. Inserted Paragraph in Sec. IV B describing the limitations of the TS potential. 2. We corrected transcription errors in Tab. II, and adjusted the deviation percentages mentioned in Sec. IV B, first paragraph, accordingly
ADI finite difference schemes for option pricing in the Heston model with correlation
Creators: name: Hout, K. J. in 't
name: Foulon, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper deals with the numerical solution of the Heston partial differential equation that plays an important role in financial option pricing, Heston (1993, Rev. Finan. Stud. 6). A feature of this time-dependent, two-dimensional convection-diffusion-reaction equation is the presence of a mixed spatial-derivative term, which stems from the correlation between the two underlying stochastic processes for the asset price and its variance. Semi-discretization of the Heston PDE, using finite difference schemes on a non-uniform grid, gives rise to large systems of stiff ordinary differential equations. For the effective numerical solution of these systems, standard implicit time-stepping methods are often not suitable anymore, and tailored time-discretization methods are required. In the present paper, we investigate four splitting schemes of the Alternating Direction Implicit (ADI) type: the Douglas scheme, the Craig & Sneyd scheme, the Modified Craig & Sneyd scheme, and the Hundsdorfer & Verwer scheme - each of which contains a free parameter. ADI schemes were not originally developed to deal with mixed spatial-derivative terms. Accordingly, we first discuss the adaptation of the above four ADI schemes to the Heston equation. Subsequently, we present various numerical examples with realistic data sets from the literature, where we consider European call options as well as down-and-out barrier options. Combined with ample theoretical stability results for ADI schemes that have recently been obtained in In 't Hout & Welfert (2007, Appl. Numer. Math.), we arrive at three ADI schemes that all prove to be very effective in the numerical solution of the Heston PDE with a mixed derivative term.
description: Paper has been published
The reproductive biology of the western red squirrel.
Creators: name: Millar, John Steven
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The reproductive condition of male and female red squirrels (Tarniasciurus hudsonicus) in southern British Columbia was studied in relation to age, season, relative population level, and foods utilized. The reproductive cycle of males and females is described on the basis of gross anatomy and histological characteristics. A low population on Vancouver Island was studied in 1966 and 1967 and a high population was studied near Princeton, B.C. in 1967. The habitats are similar in both regions. The low 1966 population had a late breeding season in which all females sampled produced two large litters. The ovulation rate for the two litter season averaged 5.12 per litter. The second ovulation occurred shortly after the birth of the first litter, before the uteri and vaginae came into full estrus condition. In 1967 both the low Vancouver Island population and the high Princeton population had early breeding seasons when nearly all adults bred yet only one third of the yearling females participated. Only single litters were produced in both areas. The ovulation rate was 4.11 per litter in the low Vancouver Island population and 3.58 per litter in the high Princeton population. Preimplantation losses of about 11% were fairly constant in both years. Postimplantation losses were not present in the low 1966 population, were about 19% in the high 1967 population, and were not determined in the low 1967 population. Similarities between the high and low 1967 populations and differences between the low 1966 and low 1967 populations on Vancouver Island suggest that density was not the primary force Influencing productivity. Another explanation is found in the evaluation of the primary food sources. Conifer cones are the main winter food of the red squirrel. Lodgepole pine cones were the main food source before the highly productive breeding season in I966 while Douglas fir cones made up the diet before the less successful breeding season in 1967. The fruiting habits of the conifers is discussed and It appears that it is advantageous for the squirrel to feed on lodgepole pine cones. A good winter food supply is particularly important to the red squirrel since it breeds during the late winter and it's already high metabolic rate increases still more during cold winter weather. It is inferred that the winter food supply may influence the relative capacity of the female to produce young. The timing of the breeding season is quite variable and seems to be affected by the severity of the winter weather.
Artistas e Artífices nas obras de Francisco Rodrigues, S.J. (1873-1956) e de Serafim Leite, S.J. (1890-1969)
Creators: name: Pratas, Leonor
Publisher: name: Instituto de História da Arte, Faculdade de Ciências Sociais e Humanas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa
Year: 2023

description: A presente tabela exploratória, realizada no âmbito do projeto “Uma História ‘em construção’: Artistas e Artífices nos espólios de Francisco Rodrigues, S.J. (1873-1956) e de Serafim Leite, S.J. (1890-1969)”, tem por objetivo facilitar a identificação de um conjunto de artistas e artífices que eram membros da Companhia de Jesus ativos entre os séculos XVI e XVIII e o acesso à consulta dos seus dados. Essas informações procuram reunir num só documento dados sobre esses religiosos (coadjutores e professos) que, por vezes, circularam por diversas partes da Assistência Portuguesa.
High-Dimensional Quantum Information: From Sensing to Underwater Quantum Communication
Creators: name: Hufnagel, Felix
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2020
Subjects: quantum communication
quantum optics
quantum key distribution
quantum sensing
orbital angular momentum

description: Quantum information has become an exciting field of research in the last 20 years, as experimental advancements allow us to control, manipulate, and detect states of quantum systems. A subset of this field studies the application of high-dimensional quantum states in communication, computing, and metrology. Specifically, this thesis explores the use of the high-dimensional Laguerre-Gaussian (LG) and vector vortex optical modes in underwater quantum communication channels. Making use of these high-dimensional states in quantum communication provides certain advantages including increased security and increased information capacity. We investigate underwater channels characterized by large optical turbulence and signal attenuation. These two challenges are of significant interest underwater communication channels. The detection of high-dimensional states also provides a great challenge for efficiently performing quantum information tasks as the dimensionality of the system increases. Here we study three different sensing sensing protocols, demonstrating how compressed sensing techniques can be very useful for high-dimensional quantum systems. In particular we perform high dimensional quantum process tomography, develop a compressed sensing protocol for LG modes which requires only intensity measurements, and a generalized adaptive compressed sensing protocol which can be used in any high-dimensional quantum systems.
On The Probability of a Rational Outcome for Generalized Social Welfare Functions on Three Alternatives
Creators: name: Keller, Nathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60C05; 05D40; 91B14

description: In [G. Kalai, A Fourier-theoretic Perspective on the Condorcet Paradox and Arrow's Theorem, Adv. in Appl. Math. 29(3) (2002), pp. 412--426], Kalai investigated the probability of a rational outcome for a generalized social welfare function (GSWF) on three alternatives, when the individual preferences are uniform and independent. In this paper we generalize Kalai's results to a broader class of distributions of the individual preferences, and obtain new lower bounds on the probability of a rational outcome in several classes of GSWFs. In particular, we show that if the GSWF is monotone and balanced and the distribution of the preferences is uniform, then the probability of a rational outcome is at least 3/4, proving a conjecture raised by Kalai. The tools used in the paper are analytic: the Fourier-Walsh expansion of Boolean functions on the discrete cube, properties of the Bonamie-Beckner noise operator, and the FKG inequality.
description: 23 pages, 1 figure
Resonance Phenomenon Related to Spectral Singularities, Complex Barrier Potential, and Resonating Waveguides
Creators: name: Mostafazadeh, Ali
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A peculiar property of complex scattering potentials is the appearance of spectral singularities. These are energy eigenvalues for certain scattering states that similarly to resonance states have infinite reflection and transmission coefficients. This property reveals an interesting resonance effect with possible applications in waveguide physics. We study the spectral singularities of a complex barrier potential and explore their application in designing a waveguide that functions as a resonator. We show that for the easily accessible sizes of the waveguide and its gain region, we can realize the spectral singularity-related resonance phenomenon at almost every wavelength within the visible spectrum or outside it.
description: Published version, 20 pages, 2 tables, 7 figures
Quantitative analysis of F-actin alterations in adherent human mesenchymal stem cells: Influence of slow-freezing and vitrification-based cryopreservation
Creators: name: Müllers, Yannik
name: Meiser, Ina
name: Stracke, Frank
name: Riemann, Iris
name: Lautenschläger, Franziska
name: Neubauer, Julia C.
name: Zimmermann, Heiko
Publisher: name: San Francisco : Public Library of Science
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: stem cell
subject: F-actin
subject: cryopreservation
subject: 570

description: Cryopreservation is an essential tool to meet the increasing demand for stem cells in medical applications. To ensure maintenance of cell function upon thawing, the preservation of the actin cytoskeleton is crucial, but so far there is little quantitative data on the influence of cryopreservation on cytoskeletal structures. For this reason, our study aims to quantitatively describe cryopreservation induced alterations to F-actin in adherent human mesenchymal stem cells, as a basic model for biomedical applications. Here we have characterised the actin cytoskeleton on single-cell level by calculating the circular standard deviation of filament orientation, F-actin content, and average filament length. Cryo-induced alterations of these parameters in identical cells pre and post cryopreservation provide the basis of our investigation. Differences between the impact of slow-freezing and vitrification are qualitatively analyzed and highlighted. Our analysis is supported by live cryo imaging of the actin cytoskeleton via two photon microscopy. We found similar actin alterations in slow-frozen and vitrified cells including buckling of actin filaments, reduction of F-actin content and filament shortening. These alterations indicate limited functionality of the respective cells. However, there are substantial differences in the frequency and time dependence of F-actin disruptions among the applied cryopreservation strategies; immediately after thawing, cytoskeletal structures show least disruption after slow freezing at a rate of 1°C/min. As post-thaw recovery progresses, the ratio of cells with actin disruptions increases, particularly in slow frozen cells. After 120 min of recovery the proportion of cells with an intact actin cytoskeleton is higher in vitrified than in slow frozen cells. Freezing at 10°C/min is associated with a high ratio of impaired cells throughout the post-thawing culture.
Provision and distribution of local open space in urban residential areas
Creators: name: Cowie, Arthur Robert
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: This thesis is part of a comprehensive group study undertaken by five students in the School of Community and Regional Planning. Section I, which is a combined study, explores present trends and concepts of urban growth in North America. As a result of a preliminary investigation, a study concept, "The Nodular Metropolitan Concept," was derived. An hypothesis was formulated to serve as a study base for individual research by members of the group. Section II of this thesis is the author's individual contribution which looks at one aspect, the provision and distribution of local open space within residential areas of the present city form and the Nodular Metropolitan form of development. In Chapter I, present inadequacies within North American cities are pointed out and various current classifications and standards are outlined. It was indicated that they do not appear to meet present and future needs. Chapter II looks at income as a variable of inequality in the distribution of local open space. The present system of distribution and the standards of local parks are examined in the cities of Vancouver and Montreal. Inequalities between high income areas and low income areas in respect to park quality were substantiated. Factors tested for park quality included acreage, types of facilities, seclusion and annual expenditures. It was found that lower income areas had the least acreage, types of facilities, seclusion and annual park expenditure per capita. The Nodular Metropolitan system of open space was examined in Chapter III to ascertain whether it offered a more equitable and functional distribution than the present grid system. A theoretical open space model that follows the principles of this concept was formulated and partly tested by use of a preliminary social behaviour activity survey. The model illustrates a radical change to the present open space system. Three forms of local open space are proposed for study: intensive activity open space, corridor open space and parkland open space. Due to limitations of time and survey data only the parkland category was tested as an illustration of methodology for further research. The results of the questionnaire used in the survey indicated that the present unco-ordinated system of local park distribution is not meeting basic human needs. The particular social economic group of persons interviewed expressed a need for large open spaces that offered a variety of activities but were predominately passive in character as illustrated by the parkland category within the theoretical open space model. The study indicated that the behaviour activity approach would be feasible for future use. The results of the study to date indicate that the provision and distribution of open space within the city could be perhaps more adequately provided under a form of redevelopment such as that of the Nodular Metropolitan Concept.
Hitchin Equation, Singularity, and N=2 Superconformal Field Theories
Creators: name: Nanopoulos, Dimitri
name: Xie, Dan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We argue that Hitchin's equation determines not only the low energy effective theory but also describes the UV theory of four dimensional N=2 superconformal field theories when we compactify six dimensional $A_N$ $(0,2)$ theory on a punctured Riemann surface. We study the singular solution to Hitchin's equation and the Higgs field of solutions has a simple pole at the punctures; We show that the massless theory is associated with Higgs field whose residual is a nilpotent element; We identify the flavor symmetry associated with the puncture by studying the singularity of closure of the moduli space of solutions with the appropriate boundary conditions. For the mass-deformed theory the residual of the Higgs field is a semi-simple element, we identify the semi-simple element by arguing that the moduli space of solutions of mass-deformed theory must be a deformation of the closure of the moduli space of the massless theory. We also study the Seiberg-Witten curve by identifying it as the spectral curve of the Hitchin's system. The results are all in agreement with Gaiotto's results derived from studying the Seiberg-Witten curve of four dimensional quiver gauge theory.
description: 42 pages, 20 figures, Hitchin's equation for N=2 theory is derived by comparing different order of compactification of six dimensional theory on T^2\times \Sigma. More discussion about flavor symmetries. Typos are corrected
SARS-CoV-2 mutation timemaps
Creators: name: Warren, Rene
name: Birol, Inanc
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: SARS-CoV-2
COVID-19
Mutation time maps
GISAID
Interactive SVG

description: As year 2020 came to a close, several new strains have been reported for the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus, the agent responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic that has afflicted us all this past year. However, it is difficult to comprehend the scale, in sequence space, geographical location and time, at which SARS-CoV-2 mutates and evolves in its human hosts. To get an appreciation for the rapid evolution of the coronavirus, we built interactive scalable vector graphics (SVG) maps that show daily nucleotide variations in genomes from the six most populated continents compared to that of the initial, ground-zero SARS-CoV-2 isolate sequenced at the beginning of the year. The attached compressed file package comprises SARS-CoV-2 mutation timemaps for 2020 and 2021, updated with data submitted to GISAID (gisaid.org) as of January 25th 2021 (inclusive). It is a snapshot of the webpage hosting these maps (https://bcgsc.github.io/SARS2) on that day.
Irreversible evolution of a charged spin 1/2 particle analyzed on the basis of subdynamics theory
Creators: name: Shirmovsky, S. Eh.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The time evolution of a charged spin 1/2 particle interacting with a magnetic field is analyzed in the framework of the complex spectral theory, based on Prigogine's principles that provide a rigorous description of irreversibility. A detailed survey of the irreversible relaxation process of the spin 1/2 particle is carried out on the basis of the subdynamics theory. We obtain the results for the Markovian and the non-Markovian evolution of the charged particle.
description: 30 pages, 2 figures
Gravitomagnetic effects of a massive and slowly rotating sphere with an equatorial mass current on orbiting test particles
Creators: name: Castaneda, L.
name: Fandino, F.
name: Almonacid, W.
name: Suarez, E.
name: Pinzon, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Within the framework of linearized Einstein field equations we compute the gravito-magnetic effects on a test particle orbiting a slowly rotating, spherical body with a rotating matter ring fixed to the equatorial plane. Our results show that the effect on the precession of particle orbits is increased by the presence of the ring.
description: 3 pages, 3 figures, submitted to Proceedings IAU Symposium No. 261, 2009
Probabilistic theories with purification
Creators: name: Chiribella, G.
name: D'Ariano, G. M.
name: Perinotti, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate general probabilistic theories in which every mixed state has a purification, unique up to reversible channels on the purifying system. We show that the purification principle is equivalent to the existence of a reversible realization of every physical process, namely that every physical process can be regarded as arising from a reversible interaction of the system with an environment, which is eventually discarded. From the purification principle we also construct an isomorphism between transformations and bipartite states that possesses all structural properties of the Choi-Jamiolkowski isomorphism in quantum mechanics. Such an isomorphism allows one to prove most of the basic features of quantum mechanics, like e.g. existence of pure bipartite states giving perfect correlations in independent experiments, no information without disturbance, no joint discrimination of all pure states, no cloning, teleportation, no programming, no bit commitment, complementarity between correctable channels and deletion channels, characterization of entanglement-breaking channels as measure-and-prepare channels, and others, without resorting to the mathematical framework of Hilbert spaces.
description: Differing from the journal version, this version includes a table of contents and makes extensive use of boldface type to highlight the contents of the main theorems. It includes a self-contained introduction to the framework of general probabilistic theories and a discussion about the role of causality and local discriminability
title: Role of GDF15 in active lifestyle induced metabolic adaptations and acute exercise response in mice
Creators: name: Gil, Carla Igual
name: Ost, Mario
name: Kasch, Juliane
name: Schumann, Sara
name: Heider, Sarah
name: Klaus, Susanne
Publisher: name: Universität Potsdam
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik
subject: 600 Technik, Technologie

description: Physical activity is an important contributor to muscle adaptation and metabolic health. Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) is established as cellular and nutritional stress-induced cytokine but its physiological role in response to active lifestyle or acute exercise is unknown. Here, we investigated the metabolic phenotype and circulating GDF15 levels in lean and obese male C57BI/6J mice with long-term voluntary wheel running (VWR) intervention. Additionally, treadmill running capacity and exercise-induced muscle gene expression was examined in GDF15-ablated mice. Active lifestyle mimic via VWR improved treadmill running performance and, in obese mice, also metabolic phenotype. The post-exercise induction of skeletal muscle transcriptional stress markers was reduced by VWR. Skeletal muscle GDF15 gene expression was very low and only transiently increased post-exercise in sedentary but not in active mice. Plasma GDF15 levels were only marginally affected by chronic or acute exercise. In obese mice, VWR reduced GDF15 gene expression in different tissues but did not reverse elevated plasma GDF15. Genetic ablation of GDF15 had no effect on exercise performance but augmented the post exercise expression of transcriptional exercise stress markers (Atf3, Atf6, and Xbp1s) in skeletal muscle. We conclude that skeletal muscle does not contribute to circulating GDF15 in mice, but muscle GDF15 might play a protective role in the exercise stress response.
description: Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe; 1090
Confidential Computing-Induced Privacy Benefits for the Bootstrapping of New Business Relationships
Creators: name: Pennekamp, Jan
name: Fuhrmann, Frederik
name: Dahlmanns, Markus
name: Heutmann, Timo
name: Kreppein, Alexander
name: Grunert, Dennis
name: Lange-Bever, Christoph
name: Schmitt, Robert H.
name: Wehrle, Klaus
Publisher: name: RWTH Aachen University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Internet of Production
bootstrapping procurement
business relationships
privacy
secure industrial collaboration

description: Cloud Computing Security Workshop, CCSW '21, online, 14 Nov 2021 - 14 Nov 2021; 1 Seite (2021).
Thermal illumination limits in 3D Raman microscopy: A comparison of different sample illumination strategies to obtain maximum imaging speed
Creators: name: Hauswald, Walter
name: Förster, Ronny
name: Popp, Jürgen
name: Heintzmann, Rainer
Publisher: name: San Francisco : Public Library of Science
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Raman microscopy
subject: imaging speed
subject: Raman imaging
subject: 620

description: Confocal Raman microscopy is a powerful tool for material science and biomedical research. However, the low Raman scattering cross-section limits the working speed, which reduces the applicability for large and sensitive samples. Here, we discuss the fundamental physical limits of Raman spectroscopy with respect to signal-to-noise, sample load and how to achieve maximal imaging speed. For this, we develop a simple model to describe arbitrary far field light microscopes and their thermal influence on the sample. This model is used to compare the practical applicability of point- and line-confocal microscopes as well as wide-field-, light sheet- and light line illumination, for the measurement of 3D biological samples. The parallelization degree of the illumination can positively affect the imaging speed as long as it is not limited by thermal sample heating. In case of heat build-up inside the sample, the advantages of parallelization can be lost due to the required attenuation of excitation and the working speed can drop below that of a sequential method. We show that for point like illumination, the exposure time is thermally not as critical for the sample as the irradiance, while for volume like illumination, the exposure time and irradiance result in the same thermal effect. The results of our theoretical study are experimentally confirmed and suggest new concepts of Raman microscopy, thus extending its applicability. The developed model can be applied to Raman imaging as well as to other modes (e.g. two- or three- photon imaging, STED, PALM/STORM, MINFLUX) where thermal effects impose a practical limit due to the high irradiance required.
title: Effects of Combined Balance and Strength Training on Measures of Balance and Muscle Strength in Older Women With a History of Falls
Creators: name: Zouita, Sghaier
name: Zouhal, Hassane
name: Ferchichi, Habiba
name: Paillard, Thierry
name: Dziri, Catherine
name: Hackney, Anthony C.
name: Laher, Ismail
name: Granacher, Urs
name: Ben Moussa Zouita, Amira
Publisher: name: Universität Potsdam
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Objective: We investigated the effects of combined balance and strength training on measures of balance and muscle strength in older women with a history of falls. Methods: Twenty-seven older women aged 70.4 ± 4.1 years (age range: 65 to 75 years) were randomly allocated to either an intervention (IG, n = 12) or an active control (CG, n = 15) group. The IG completed 8 weeks combined balance and strength training program with three sessions per week including visual biofeedback using force plates. The CG received physical therapy and gait training at a rehabilitation center. Training volumes were similar between the groups. Pre and post training, tests were applied for the assessment of muscle strength (weight-bearing squat [WBS] by measuring the percentage of body mass borne by each leg at different knee flexions [0°, 30°, 60°, and 90°], sit-to-stand test [STS]), and balance. Balance tests used the modified clinical test of sensory interaction (mCTSIB) with eyes closed (EC) and opened (EO), on stable (firm) and unstable (foam) surfaces as well as spatial parameters of gait such as step width and length (cm) and walking speed (cm/s). Results: Significant group × time interactions were found for different degrees of knee flexion during WBS (0.0001 < p < 0.013, 0.441 < d < 0.762). Post hoc tests revealed significant pre-to-post improvements for both legs and for all degrees of flexion (0.0001 < p < 0.002, 0.697 < d < 1.875) for IG compared to CG. Significant group × time interactions were found for firm EO, foam EO, firm EC, and foam EC (0.006 < p < 0.029; 0.302 < d < 0.518). Post hoc tests showed significant pre-to-post improvements for both legs and for all degrees of oscillations (0.0001 < p < 0.004, 0.753 < d < 2.097) for IG compared to CG. This study indicates that combined balance and strength training improved percentage distribution of body weight between legs at different conditions of knee flexion (0°, 30°, 60°, and 90°) and also decreased the sway oscillation on a firm surface with eyes closed, and on foam surface (with eyes opened or closed) in the IG. Conclusion: The higher positive effects of training seen in standing balance tests, compared with dynamic tests, suggests that balance training exercises including lateral, forward, and backward exercises improved static balance to a greater extent in older women.
description: Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Humanwissenschaftliche Reihe; 699
Observation of inclusive $D^{*\pm}$ production in the decay of $Υ(1S)$
Creators: name: The BABAR Collaboration
name: Aubert, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a study of the inclusive $D^{*\pm}$ production in the decay of $Υ(1S)$ using $(98.6 \pm 0.9)\times 10^6$ $Υ(2S)$ mesons collected with the BaBar detector at the $Υ(2S)$ resonance. Using the decay chain $Υ(2S)\to π^+ π^- Υ(1S), Υ(1S) \to D^{*\pm} X$, where X is unobserved, we measure the branching fraction $\BR[Υ(1S)\to D^{*\pm} X] = (2.52 \pm 0.13({\rm stat}) \pm 0.15({\rm syst}))%$ and the $D^{*\pm}$ momentum distribution in the rest frame of the $Υ(1S)$. We find evidence for an excess of $D^{*\pm}$ production over the expected rate from the virtual photon annihilation process $Υ(1S)\toγ^*\to c\bar c\to D^{*\pm} X$.
description: 8 pages, 4 postscript figures, published in PRD-RC
Biosynthesis of ribosomes in Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Creators: name: Medveczky, Nicholas E.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The structure ribosomes of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli were compared. The thermal denaturation profiles of the P. aeruginosa ribosomes were consistently at higher temperatures than the corresponding profiles for those of E. coli. The differences in the thermal denaturation profiles of the ribosomal RNAs were not as pronounced. Although the numbers of the proteins resolved from the ribosomal subunits of E. coli and P. aeruginosa were approximately the same, the distribution of these proteins in the gel was markedly different. The optimum conditions for the resynthesis of ribosomes in P. aeruginosa have been established. It was demonstrated that the resynthesis of ribosomes proceeds through a number of ribosomal precursors. By isotope labelling experiments the rate of labelling of the RNA moiety of the ribosome was found to be different from the rate of labelling of the protein moiety. Furthermore both labels were found to accumulate in the ribosomes at the expense of the ribosomal precursors. The following precursors were resolved by sucrose density gradient centrifugation: 16S → 20S →23S → 25S →28S→30S → 32S → 34S → 40S → 43S → 50S The 16S to 28S precursors were not characterized well enough to be placed either in the 50S or 30S sequence. There was evidence that the ribosomal RNA itself had precursors, 9S and 12S.
Dark solitons in cigar-shaped Bose-Einstein condensates in double-well potentials
Creators: name: Middelkamp, S.
name: Theocharis, G.
name: Kevrekidis, P. G.
name: Frantzeskakis, D. J.
name: Schmelcher, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the statics and dynamics of dark solitons in a cigar-shaped Bose-Einstein condensate confined in a double-well potential. Using a mean-field model with a non-cubic nonlinearity, appropriate to describe the dimensionality crossover regime from one to three dimensional, we obtain branches of solutions in the form of single- and multiple-dark soliton states, and study their bifurcations and stability. It is demonstrated that there exist dark soliton states which do not have a linear counterpart and we highlight the role of anomalous modes in the excitation spectra. Particularly, we show that anomalous mode eigenfrequencies are closely connected to the characteristic soliton frequencies as found from the solitons' equations of motion, and how anomalous modes are related to the emergence of instabilities. We also analyze in detail the role of the height of the barrier in the double well setting, which may lead to instabilities or decouple multiple dark soliton states.
description: 35 pages, 12 figures
Representing climate change space : islographs of Tuvalu
Creators: name: Farbotko, C
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: Tuvalu, an archipelagic nation state in central Oceania, is being transformed by climate change, particularly sea level rise. Its islands are also being represented in new ways in climate change discourses such as journalism and environmentalist campaigns. This research in the interdisciplinary field of island studies also draws from insights in cultural geography and anthropology to examine representations ofthe Tuvalu islands in climate change discourses. The central idea underpinning the work's analytical framework is the islograph, taken to be coherent suites of island representations and their constitutive roles in relations of power. In a significant discursive moment in which climate change is being understood as the global environmental crisis, Tuvalu is taking on new meanings that demand documentation and critical analysis. Such meanings are tied to an extant and remarkably strong presence of islands in Western discourses. Analysis of Tuvalu's islographs - many of which are produced by Westerners engaged in climate change discourses - considers whether and how its islands are paradoxical spaces and mechanisms of relational identity construction that function as mirrors of the self and a means of identity construction in relation to distant and different others. Islographs of Tuvalu that are analysed in detail in this work include the following: Mark Lynas' popular science monograph High Tide, which aims to redefine Tuvalu as a frontier of climate change and a spur to action on climate change at the global level; various activities of environmentalist non-government organisation Alofa Tuvalu which try to reposition Tuvalu as the rightful space in which global lessons for sustainable living are to be learned; Sydney Morning Herald articles, where, as the islands disappear, Tuvaluans are transformed into environmental refugees and yet Western tourists are also urged to turn a voyeuristic eye towards the 'disappearing islands'; and interviews with participants in climate change discourses. I demonstrate that in such discourses Tuvalu's islographs are structured by a paradox: its islands constituted as separate from and yet embedded in global climate change trajectories; its inhabitants simultaneously identified as subjects of compassion and objects of voyeurism. Such a paradox is embodied in recurring images of Tuvalu as valuable yet expendable - the 'canary in the coalmine' of climate change for Earth. Meanwhile, among professionals in Tuvalu who are engaged in climate change debate - politicians, bureaucrats, community elders, educators, journalists, and pastors - attempts are being made to reclaim Tuvalu as inherently valuable space. Their islographs link Tuvalu to the rest of planet Earth - not in service to it as a litmus test, but connected to and embedded in common rights and responsibilities of humanity to advance environmental stewardship and cultural diversity.
HiggsBounds: Confronting Arbitrary Higgs Sectors with Exclusion Bounds from LEP and the Tevatron
Creators: name: Bechtle, Philip
name: Brein, Oliver
name: Heinemeyer, Sven
name: Weiglein, Georg
name: Williams, Karina E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: HiggsBounds is a computer code that tests theoretical predictions of models with arbitrary Higgs sectors against the exclusion bounds obtained from the Higgs searches at LEP and the Tevatron. The included experimental information comprises exclusion bounds at 95% C.L. on topological cross sections. In order to determine which search topology has the highest exclusion power, the program also includes, for each topology, information from the experiments on the expected exclusion bound, which would have been observed in case of a pure background distribution. Using the predictions of the desired model provided by the user as input, HiggsBounds determines the most sensitive channel and tests whether the considered parameter point is excluded at the 95% C.L. HiggsBounds is available as a Fortran 77 and Fortran 90 code. The code can be invoked as a command line version, a subroutine version and an online version. Examples of exclusion bounds obtained with HiggsBounds are discussed for the Standard Model, for a model with a fourth generation of quarks and leptons and for the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model with and without CP-violation. The experimental information on the exclusion bounds currently implemented in HiggsBounds will be updated as new results from the Higgs searches become available.
description: 64 pages, 15 tables, 8 figures; three typos which made it to the published version corrected; the code (currently version 3.0.0beta including LHC Higgs search results) is available via: http://projects.hepforge.org/higgsbounds/
Nonequilibrium Green's-Function Approach to the Suppression of Rectification at Metal--Mott-Insulator Interfaces
Creators: name: Yonemitsu, Kenji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Suppression of rectification at metal--Mott-insulator interfaces, which is previously shown by numerical solutions to the time-dependent Schrödinger equation and experiments on real devices, is reinvestigated theoretically by nonequilibrium Green's functions. The one-dimensional Hubbard model is used for a Mott insulator. The effects of attached metallic electrodes are incorporated into the self-energy. A scalar potential originating from work-function differences and satisfying the Poisson equation is added to the model. For the electron density, we decompose it into three parts. One is obtained by integrating the local density of states over energy to the midpoint of the electrodes' chemical potentials. The others, obtained by integrating lesser Green's functions, are due to the couplings with the electrodes and correspond to an inflow and an outflow of electrons. In Mott insulators, incoming electrons and holes are extended over the whole system, avoiding further accumulation of charge relative to the case without bias. This induces collective charge transport and results in the suppression of rectification.
description: 18 pages, Figs. 1(b), 2, and 8 replaced. Corrected typos
Coulomb explosion sputtering of selectively oxidized Si
Creators: name: Karmakar, P.
name: Bhattacharjee, S.
name: Naik, V.
name: Sinha, A. K.
name: Chakrabarti, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have studied multiply charged Arq+ ion induced potential sputtering of a unique system comprising of coexisting Silicon and Silicon oxide surfaces. Such surfaces are produced by oblique angle oxygen ion bombardment on Si(100), where ripple structures are formed and one side of each ripple gets more oxidized. It is observed that higher the potential energy of Arq+ ion, higher the sputtering yield of the non conducting (oxide) side of the ripple as compared to the semiconducting side. The results are explained in terms of Coulomb explosion model where potential sputtering depends on the conductivity of the ion impact sites.
description: 9 pages and 3 figures