cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Substellar fragmentation in self-gravitating fluids with a major phase transition
Creators: name: Füglistaler, Andreas
name: Pfenniger, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The existence of substellar cold H2 globules in planetary nebulae and the mere existence of comets suggest that the physics of cold interstellar gas might be much richer than usually envisioned. We study the case of a cold gaseous medium in ISM conditions which is subject to a gas-liquid/solid phase transition. First the equilibrium of general non-ideal fluids is studied using the virial theorem and linear stability analysis. Then the non-linear dynamics is studied by using simulations to characterize the expected formation of solid bodies analogous to comets. The simulations are run with a state of the art molecular dynamics code (LAMMPS). The long-range gravitational forces can be taken into account with short-range molecular forces with finite limited computational resources by using super-molecules, provided the right scaling is followed. The concept of super-molecule is tested with simulations, allowing us to correctly satisfy the Jeans instability criterion for one-phase fluids. The simulations show that fluids presenting a phase transition are gravitationally unstable as well, independent of the strength of the gravitational potential, producing two distinct kinds of sub-stellar bodies, those dominated by gravity ("planetoids") and those dominated by molecular attractive force ("comets"). Observations, formal analysis and computer simulations suggest the possibility of the formation of substellar H2 clumps in cold molecular clouds due to the combination of phase transition and gravity. Fluids presenting a phase transition are gravitationally unstable, independent of the strength of the gravitational potential. Arbitrarily small H2 clumps may form even at relatively high temperatures up to 400 - 600K, according to virial analysis. The combination of phase transition and gravity may be relevant for a wider range of astrophysical situations, such as proto-planetary disks.
description: 24 pages, 44 figures. accepted for publication in A&A
Solar activity around AD 775 from aurorae and radiocarbon
Creators: name: Neuhaeuser, Ralph
name: Neuhaeuser, Dagmar L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A large variation in 14 C around AD 775 has been considered to be caused by one or more solar super-flares within one year. We critically review all known aurora reports from Europe as well as the Near, Middle, and Far East from AD 731 to 825 and find 39 likely true aurorae plus four more potential aurorae and 24 other reports about halos, meteors, thunderstorms etc., which were previously misinterpreted as aurorae or misdated; we assign probabilities for all events according to five aurora criteria. We find very likely true aurorae in AD 743, 745, 762, 765, 772, 773, 793, 796, 807, and 817. There were two aurorae in the early 770s observed near Amida (now Diyarbakir in Turkey near the Turkish-Syrian border), which were not only red, but also green-yellow - being at a relatively low geo-magnetic latidude, they indicate a relatively strong solar storm. However, it cannot be argued that those aurorae (geo-magnetical latitude 43 to 50 deg, considering five different reconstructions of the geo-magnetic pole) could be connected to one or more solar super-flares causing the 14 C increase around AD 775: There are several reports about low- to mid-latitude aurorae at 32 to 44 deg geo-magnetical latitude in China and Iraq; some of them were likely observed (quasi-)simultaneously in two of three areas (Europe, Byzantium/Arabia, East Asia), one lasted several nights, and some indicate a particulary strong geo-magnetic storm (red colour and dynamics), namely in AD 745, 762, 793, 807, and 817 - always without 14 C peaks. We use 39 likely true aurorae as well as historic reports about sunspots together with the radiocarbon content from tree rings to reconstruct solar activity: From about AD 733 to 823, we see at least nine Schwabe cycles ...
description: 24 pages with 1 table and 2 figures, paper to appear in Astronomical Notes 24 Apr 2015
What is the SKA-Low Sensitivity for Your Favourite Radio Source ?
Creators: name: Sokolowski, M.
name: Tingay, S. J.
name: Davidson, D. B.
name: Wayth, R. B.
name: Ung, D.
name: Broderick, J. W.
name: Juswardy, B.
name: Kovaleva, M.
name: Macario, G.
name: Pupillo, G.
name: Sutinjo, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The SKA will be the largest radio astronomy observatory ever built, providing unprecedented sensitivity over a very broad frequency (50 MHz to 15.3 GHz). The SKA-Low (50 - 350 MHz), will be built at the MRO in Western Australia. It will consist of 512 stations each composed of 256 dual-polarised antennas, and the sensitivity of an individual station is pivotal to the performance of the entire SKA-Low telescope. The answer to the question in the title is, it depends. The sensitivity of a low frequency array, such as an SKA-Low station, depends strongly on the pointing direction of the digitally formed station beam and the local sidereal time (LST), and is different for the two orthogonal polarisations of the antennas. The accurate prediction of the SKA-Low sensitivity in an arbitrary direction in the sky is crucial for future observation planning. We present here a sensitivity calculator for the SKA-Low radio telescope, using a database of pre-computed sensitivity values for two realisations of an SKA-Low station architecture. One realisation uses the log-periodic antennas selected for SKA-Low. The second uses a known benchmark, in the form of the bowtie dipoles of the MWA. Data collected by both stations (deployed at the MRO in 2019) were used to measure their sensitivity at selected frequencies and over at least 24 h intervals, and were compared to the predictions described in this paper. The sensitivity values stored in the SQLite database were pre-computed for the X, Y and Stokes I polarisations in 10 MHz frequency steps, 0.5 hour LST intervals, and 5 degree resolution in pointing directions. The database allows users to estimate the sensitivity of SKA-Low for their favourite object using interactive web-based or command line interface, which can also calculate the sensitivity for arbitrary pointing directions, frequencies, and times without interpolations.
description: 15 pages, 17 figures, Accepted for publication in PASA
(100150) Frank James
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Exploring Event Camera-based Odometry for Planetary Robots
Creators: name: Mahlknecht, Florian
name: Gehrig, Daniel
name: Nash, Jeremy
name: Rockenbauer, Friedrich M.
name: Morrell, Benjamin
name: Delaune, Jeff
name: Scaramuzza, Davide
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Due to their resilience to motion blur and high robustness in low-light and high dynamic range conditions, event cameras are poised to become enabling sensors for vision-based exploration on future Mars helicopter missions. However, existing event-based visual-inertial odometry (VIO) algorithms either suffer from high tracking errors or are brittle, since they cannot cope with significant depth uncertainties caused by an unforeseen loss of tracking or other effects. In this work, we introduce EKLT-VIO, which addresses both limitations by combining a state-of-the-art event-based frontend with a filter-based backend. This makes it both accurate and robust to uncertainties, outperforming event- and frame-based VIO algorithms on challenging benchmarks by 32%. In addition, we demonstrate accurate performance in hover-like conditions (outperforming existing event-based methods) as well as high robustness in newly collected Mars-like and high-dynamic-range sequences, where existing frame-based methods fail. In doing so, we show that event-based VIO is the way forward for vision-based exploration on Mars.
NOEMA observations support a recoiling black hole in 3C186
Creators: name: Castignani, G.
name: Meyer, E.
name: Chiaberge, M.
name: Combes, F.
name: Morishita, T.
name: Decarli, R.
name: Capetti, A.
name: Dotti, M.
name: Tremblay, G. R.
name: Norman, C. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: 3C186 is a powerful radio loud quasar (QSO) at the center of a cool-core cluster at z=1.06. Previous studies reported evidence for a projected spatial offset of ~1'' between the isophotal center of the galaxy and the point-source QSO as well as a spectral shift of ~2000 km/s between the narrow and broad line region of the system. In this work we report high-resolution molecular gas CO(4-3) observations of the system taken with NOEMA interferometer. We clearly detect a large reservoir of molecular gas, $M_{H_2}\sim8\times10^{10}~M_\odot$, that is cospatial with the host galaxy and likely associated with a rotating disk-like structure. We firmly confirm both the spatial offset of the galaxy's gas reservoir with respect to the continuum emission of the QSO and the spectral offset with respect to the redshift of the broad line region. Our morphological and kinematical analysis confirms that the most likely scenario to explain the 3C186 system is that the QSO is a kicked super-massive black hole (SMBH), which we believe may have resulted from a strong gravitational wave recoil as two SMBHs coalesced after the merger of their host galaxies.
description: 9 pages, Astronomy & Astrophysics Letters in press
Ergebnisbericht : Bevölkerungsbefragung 2022 in der Gemeinde Eggenwil
Creators: name: Mertes, Alexander
name: Menzi, Chantal
Publisher: name: ZHAW Zürcher Hochschule für Angewandte Wissenschaften
Year: 2022
Subjects: 000: Allgemeines und Wissenschaft
350: Öffentliche Verwaltung

description: Ziel des vorliegenden Berichts ist es, in Erfahrung zu bringen, welche Themen in das künftige Leitbild der Gemeinde Eggenwil aufgenommen werden sollen. Zudem möchte der Gemeinderat die allgemeine Stimmung in der Bevölkerung abholen. Dazu wurde eine Bevölkerungsbefragung durchgeführt.

Zufriedenheit: Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Bevölkerung über die meisten Themenbereiche hinweg zufrieden ist (vgl. Abbildung 2). Am meisten eher zufrieden oder zufrieden sind die Umfrageteilnehmenden mit der Abfallentsorgung (96%), dem Themenbereich Umwelt und Naherholung (95%) und mit der Kommunikation der Gemeinde (94%). Die Themenbereiche, bei denen die meisten angaben, eher unzufrieden oder unzufrieden zu sein, sind der Steuerfuss (61%), Bildung (30%) und Lebensqualität im Alter (23%).

Fokussierung: Darüber hinaus kann festgehalten werden, dass die Gemeinde bei den aufgeführten Themenbereichen mehrheitlich das genau richtige Mass an Aufwand betreibt (vgl. Abbildung 4). Am stärksten ist dies bei den Themenbereichen Umwelt und Naherholung (82%), Informationen allgemein (Newsletter, Homepage; 81%) und Informationen im Rahmen von Gemeindeversammlungen (78%) der Fall. Bei den Themenbereichen Informationen im Rahmen von Gemeindeversammlungen (15%), Alterspolitik (9%) und Umwelt und Naherholung (9%) gaben die meisten Umfrageteilnehmenden an, dass die Gemeinde ihrer Meinung nach eher zu viel oder zu viel macht. Dahingegen gaben bei den Themenbereichen Alterspolitik (40%), Pflegeangebote (Alterszentrum und Spitex; 37%) und Schulangebot (35%) die meisten Umfrageteilnehmenden an, dass die Gemeinde ihrer Meinung nach eher zu wenig oder zu wenig macht.

Zusammenarbeit versus Eigenständigkeit: Zuletzt zeigt sich, dass sich die Bevölkerung bei den meisten Themenbereichen eher eine Zusammenarbeit mit anderen Gemeinden wünscht (vgl. Abbildung 7). Am stärksten ist dieser Wunsch bei der Polizei, bei der Abteilung Soziale Dienste und der Elektrizitätsversorgung. Lediglich in drei Themenbereichen wünschen sich die Umfrageteilnehmenden eher Eigenständigkeit: Beim Kindergarten und der Primarschule, bei den Einwohnerdiensten und bei der Gemeindekanzlei.
Pd nanoparticles immobilized on halloysite decorated with a cyclodextrin modified melamine-based polymer: a promising heterogeneous catalyst for hydrogenation of nitroarenes
Creators: name: Heravi, Majid Mommahed
name: Samahe Sadjadi
name: Akbari, Maryam
name: Monflier, Eric
name: Leger, Bastien
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 30302 Nanochemistry and Supramolecular Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 30502 Natural Products Chemistry
subject: 30205 Non-metal Chemistry
subject: Nuclear Chemistry
subject: 30303 Optical Properties of Materials
subject: 30503 Organic Chemical Synthesis
subject: Organic Chemistry
subject: 30599 Organic Chemistry not elsewhere classified
subject: 30504 Organic Green Chemistry

description: For the first time, a hybrid system composed of halloysite (Hal) and a cyclodextrin modified melamine-based polymer is developed and employed for immobilization of Pd(0) nanoparticles. The resulting catalytic hybrid system, Pd@HTMC, was then applied as a heterogeneous catalyst for hydrogenation of nitroarenes to the corresponding anilines. The results established that Pd@HTMC could promote hydrogenation under very mild reaction conditions and in a relatively short time. Moreover, investigation of a sterically demanding substrate, nitro-naphthalene, as well as a substrate with a competing functional group, 4-nitroacetophenone, confirmed that the catalyst is capable of hydrogenation of a sterically demanding substrate while selectively hydrogenating the nitro functional group over keto-functionality. The recyclability experiment proved that the catalyst was recyclable up to six reaction runs with a slight loss of the catalytic activity and Pd leaching. Moreover, a hot filtration test confirmed the heterogeneous nature of the catalyst. Finally, the contribution of the cyclodextrin modified melamine-based polymer to the catalysis was confirmed by comparison of the catalytic activity of Pd@HTMC with control catalysts.
Identification of the High-Energy Gamma-Ray Source 3FGL J1544.6-1125 as a Transitional Millisecond Pulsar Binary in an Accreting State
Creators: name: Bogdanov, Slavko
name: Halpern, Jules P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present X-ray, ultraviolet, and optical observations of 1RXS J154439.4-112820, the most probable counterpart of the unassociated Fermi LAT source 3FGL J1544.6-1125. The optical data reveal rapid variability, which is a feature of accreting systems. The X-rays exhibit large-amplitude variations in the form of fast switching (within ~10 s) between two distinct flux levels that differ by a factor of $\approx$10. The detailed optical and X-ray behavior is virtually identical to that seen in the accretion-disk-dominated states of the transitional millisecond pulsar binaries PSR J1023+0038 and XSS J12270-4859, which are also associated with $γ$-ray sources. Based on the available observational evidence, we conclude that 1RXS J154439.4-112820 and 3FGL J1544.6-1125 are the same object, with the X-rays arising from intermittent low-luminosity accretion onto a millisecond pulsar and the $γ$-rays originating from an accretion-driven outflow. 1RXS J154439.4-112820 is only the fourth $γ$-ray emitting low-mass X-ray binary system to be identified and is likely to sporadically undergo transformations to a non-accreting rotation-powered pulsar system.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures; accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal Letters
(100146) Edmund Edwards
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
$K_L \to π^0 ν{\bar ν}$ decay correlating with $ε_K$ in high-scale SUSY
Creators: name: Tanimoto, Morimitsu
name: Yamamoto, Kei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have studied the contribution of the high-scale SUSY to the K_L to pi^0 nu{bar nu} and K^+ to pi^+ nu{bar nu} processes correlating with the CP violating parameter epsilon_K. Taking account of the recent LHC results for the Higgs discovery and the SUSY searches, we consider the high-scale SUSY at the 10-50 TeV scale in the framework of the non-minimal squark (slepton) flavor mixing. The Z penguin mediated the chargino dominates the SUSY contribution for these decays. At the 10 TeV scale of the SUSY, the chargino contribution can enhance the branching ratio of K_L to pi^0 nu{bar nu} in eight times compared with the SM predictions whereas the predicted branching ratio BR(K^+ to pi^+ nu {bar nu}) increases up to three times of the SM one. The gluino box diagram dominates the SUSY contribution of epsilon_K up to 30%. If the down-squark mixing is neglected compared with the up-squark mixing, the Z penguin mediated the chargino dominates both SUSY contributions of K_L to pi^0 nu {bar nu} and epsilon_K. Then, it is found a correlation between them, but the chargino contribution to epsilon_K is at most 3%. Even if the SUSY scale is 50TeV, the chargino process still enhances the branching ratio of K_L to pi^0 nu {bar nu} from the SM prediction in the factor two, and epsilon_K is deviated from the SM prediction in O(10%) through the gluino box diagram unless the down-squark mixing is suppressed. We also discuss the chargino contribution to K_L to pi^0 e^+e^- process.
description: 22 pages, 11 figures, some comments added, minor corrections; matches the published version
title: Switching the fracture toughness of single-crystal ZnS using light irradiation
Creators: name: Zhu, Tingting
name: Ding, Kuan
name: Oshima, Yu
name: Amiri, Anahid
name: Bruder, Enrico
name: Stark, Robert W.
name: Durst, Karsten
name: Matsunaga, Katsuyuki
name: Nakamura, Atsutomo
name: Fang, Xufei
Publisher: name: AIP Publishing
Year: 2024

description: An enormous change in the dislocation-mediated plasticity has been found in a bulk semiconductor that exhibits the photoplastic effect. Herein, we report that UV (365 nm) light irradiation during mechanical testing dramatically decreases the fracture toughness of ZnS. The crack tip toughness on a (001) single-crystal ZnS, as measured by the near-tip crack opening displacement method, is increased by ∼45% in complete darkness compared to that in UV light. The increase in fracture toughness is attributed to a significant increase in the dislocation mobility in darkness, as explained by the crack tip dislocation shielding model. Our finding suggests a route toward controlling the fracture toughness of photoplastic semiconductors by tuning the light irradiation.
(100147) Thomas Edwards
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Stable non-singular cosmologies in beyond Horndeski theory and disformal transformations
Creators: name: Mironov, S.
name: Volkova, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this note we collect, systemise and generalise the existing results for relations between general Horndeski theories and beyond Horndeski theories via disformal transformations of metric. We derive additional disformal transformation rules relating Lagrangian functions of beyond Horndeski theory and corresponding Horndeski theory and demonstrate that some of them become singular at some moments(s) once one constructs a non-singular cosmological solution in beyond Horndeski theory that is free from ghost, gradient instabilities and strong gravity regime during the entire evolution of the system. The key issue here is that such solutions are banned in Horndeski theory due to existing no-go theorem. The proof of singular behaviour of disformal relations in this case resolves the apparent contradiction between the fact that Horndeski and beyond Horndeski theories appear related by field redefinition but describe different physics in the context of non-singular cosmologies.
Stability of codimension one foliations by compact leaves
Creators: name: Plante, J. F.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1983

description: SUPPOSE M IS a manifold and F is a foliation of M which has a compact leaf F. A natural and popular question is the following: If F’ is a foliation which is sufficiently close to F in some specified topology, must F’ have a compact leaf? One version of this problem is to assume that F’ is arbitrary, i.e. given M must every foliation of M have a compact leaf? The only known positive answers to this latter question are for codimension one foliations of compact manifolds of dimension ≤ 3 (see [5,7,8]). At the other extreme is the purely local version of the question, i.e. given F and F must every F’ near F have a compact leaf near F? In this direction there is a result of Stowe [ 11] which generalizes earlier results of Hirsch ([2], Theorem 1.1) and Thurston-Langevin-Rosenberg ([3], Theorem 2). Suppose L is a compact leaf of a codimension k foliation F and let π1(L) + GL(k, R) be the action determined by the linear holonomy of L. Stowe shows that if the cohomology group H’(π1,(L); Rk) is trivial then every foliation which is ϐ1-close to F has a compact leaf near L.
Saying NO to development-forced displacement and resettlement: myths and alternatives
Creators: name: Milgroom, Jessica
name: Kabra, Asmita
name: Wilmsen, Brooke
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: This policy brief gathers 50 years of evidence from around the world of failed development-forced displacement and resettlement projects. It spells out the myths that reproduce and justify the practice of displacement and calls for a moratorium on funding of large scale projects that displace people. It offers alternative, human-scale options to cover land needs of development projects deemed necessary.
(100148) Phillip Edwards
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
A Survey on Sustainable Software Ecosystems to Support Experimental and Observational Science at Oak Ridge National Laboratory
Creators: name: Bernholdt, David E
name: Doucet, Mathieu
name: Godoy, William F
name: Malviya-Thakur, Addi
name: Watson, Gregory R
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In the search for a sustainable approach for software ecosystems that supports experimental and observational science (EOS) across Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), we conducted a survey to understand the current and future landscape of EOS software and data. This paper describes the survey design we used to identify significant areas of interest, gaps, and potential opportunities, followed by a discussion on the obtained responses. The survey formulates questions about project demographics, technical approach, and skills required for the present and the next five years. The study was conducted among 38 ORNL participants between June and July of 2021 and followed the required guidelines for human subjects training. We plan to use the collected information to help guide a vision for sustainable, community-based, and reusable scientific software ecosystems that need to adapt effectively to: i) the evolving landscape of heterogeneous hardware in the next generation of instruments and computing (e.g. edge, distributed, accelerators), and ii) data management requirements for data-driven science using artificial intelligence.
description: 14 pages, no figures, only tables
Vector fields with transverse foliations, II
Creators: name: Goodman, Sue
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1985

description: THERE are many examples of nonsingular vector fields which are not transverse to any codimension one foliation. The Hopf fibration of S3 is one example. That it has no transverse foliation is shown as follows. By Novikov [11], any foliation of S3 has a Reeb component. Any flow transverse to a Reeb component has nonperiodic orbits, since any orbit meeting the boundary torus can never again leave the Reeb component to close up. (Also see [4] for a more elementary proof.)
Dimension two condensates in the Gribov-Zwanziger theory in the Coulomb gauge
Creators: name: Guimaraes, M. S.
name: Mintz, B. W.
name: Sorella, S. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the dimension two condensate $< {\bar ϕ}^{ab}_i ϕ^{ab}_i -{\bar ω}^{ab}_i ω^{ab}_i >$ within the Gribov-Zwanziger approach to Euclidean Yang-Mills theories in the Coulomb gauge, in both 3 and 4 dimensions. An explicit calculation shows that, at the first order, the condensate $< {\bar ϕ}^{ab}_i ϕ^{ab}_i -{\bar ω}^{ab}_i ω^{ab}_i >$ is plagued by a non-integrable IR divergence in 3D, while in 4D it exhibits a logarithmic UV divergence, being proportional to the Gribov parameter $γ^2$. These results indicate that in 3D the transverse spatial Coulomb gluon two-point correlation function exhibits a scaling behaviour, in agreement with Gribov's expression. In 4D, however, they suggest that, next to the scaling behaviour, a decoupling solution might emerge too.
description: 8 pages, version accepted for publication as a Rapid Communication in Physical Review D
$T \overline{T}$ Deformations of Supersymmetric Quantum Mechanics
Creators: name: Ebert, Stephen
name: Ferko, Christian
name: Sun, Hao-Yu
name: Sun, Zhengdi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We define a manifestly supersymmetric version of the $T \overline{T}$ deformation appropriate for a class of $(0+1)$-dimensional theories with $\mathcal{N} = 1$ or $\mathcal{N} = 2$ supersymmetry, including one presentation of the super-Schwarzian theory which is dual to JT supergravity. These deformations are written in terms of Noether currents associated with translations in superspace, so we refer to them collectively as $f(\mathcal{Q})$ deformations. We provide evidence that the $f(\mathcal{Q})$ deformations of $\mathcal{N} = 1$ and $\mathcal{N} = 2$ theories are on-shell equivalent to the dimensionally reduced supercurrent-squared deformations of $2d$ theories with $\mathcal{N} = (0,1)$ and $\mathcal{N} = (1,1)$ supersymmetry, respectively. In the $\mathcal{N} = 1$ case, we present two forms of the $f(\mathcal{Q})$ deformation which drive the same flow, and clarify their equivalence by studying the analogous equivalent deformations in the non-supersymmetric setting.
description: 75 pages; LaTeX
Upper bound of one-magnon excitation and lower bound of effective mass for ferromagnetic spinor Bose and Fermi gases
Creators: name: Kunimi, Masaya
name: Saito, Hiroki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using a variational method, we derive an exact upper bound for one-magnon excitation energy in ferromagnetic spinor gases, which limits the quantum corrections to the effective mass of a magnon to be positive. We also derive an upper bound for one-magnon excitation energy in lattice systems. The results hold for both Bose and Fermi systems in $d$ dimensions as long as the interaction is local and invariant under spin rotation.
description: 7 pages
(100142) Lewis Edwards
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Elementary zeros of lie algebras of vector fields
Creators: name: Plante, J. F.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1991

description: WE CONSIDER a finite dimensional Lie algebra ℒ of ϐk (k ≥ 1) differentiable vector fields on a finite dimensional manifold M. A point p ∈ M is a zero for ℒ if X(p) = 0 for very X∈ ℒ. For the classical special case of (the Lie algebra spanned by) a single vector field X, the zero p is said to be elementary (or simple) if the derivative at p of the principal part of X is invertible. The equivalent coordinate-free formulation of this definition is that the vector field, regarded as a map X:M→TM, be transverse to the zero section at p [1]. From this point of view it can be seen that elementary zeros are stable, i.e. they persist under perturbation of X. In addition, such zeros can bc assipncd an index of + I or - I and, when all zeros arc elementary and M is compact, the vector field satisfies the Poincare-Hopf index formula. It is reasonable to ask how these notions should be formulated for zeros of an arbitrary Lie algebra. The correct definition turns out to involve the first Lit algebra cohomology of the linear part of ℒ at p. That the first cohomology is relevant is suggested by results of Hirsch [5, 6] and Stowe [14], which relate stability of stationary points of group actions with the group cohomology of the linear action, and the relationship between the cohomologies of Lit groups and Lie algebras [15]. Section I reviews basic results concerning cohomology of Lie algebras. Section 2 applies these results to the definition and description of elementary zeros for a Lie algebra of vector fields on a manifold. Section 3 contains examples and a result, concerning commuting vector fields on a compact surface, which illustrate limitations to defining an index for a zero of a Lie algebra of vector fields.
Collisionless spin dynamics in a magnetic field gradient
Creators: name: Xu, Junjun
name: Gu, Qiang
name: Mueller, Erich J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the collisionless spin dynamics of a harmonically trapped Fermi gas in a magnetic field gradient. In the absence of interactions, the system evolution is periodic: the magnetization develops twists, which evolve into a longitudinal polarization. Recurrences follow. For weak interaction, the exchange interactions lead to beats in these oscillations. We present an array of analytic and numerical techniques for studying this physics.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Structural reconstruction and anisotropic conductance in $4f$-ferromagnetic monolayer
Creators: name: You, Haipeng
name: Chen, Jun
name: Zhang, Jun-Jie
name: Ding, Ning
name: Zhang, Xiwen
name: Yao, Xiaoyan
name: Dong, Shuai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two-dimensional magnets are promising for nanoscale spintronic applications. Currently, most available candidates are based on $3d$ transition metal compounds, with hexagonal or honeycomb lattice geometry. Here, a GdCl$_3$ monolayer with $4f$ moments is theoretically studied, which can be exfoliated from its existing bulk. Its orthorhombic structure and hendecahedral ion cages are unique in two-dimensional. Furthermore, a significant structural reconstruction is caused by the implantation of Li atoms into its interstitial position, which also lead to ferromagnetism via a double-exchange-like process. Its highly anisotropic conductance may be peculiarly useful for nanoelectronics.
description: 5 figures
(100144) William Edwards
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Grundlagen und Grundformen des Unterrichtens: Studienband Grundjahr-Mentorat 1. und 2. Semester
Creators: name: Annen Wyrsch, Sibylle
name: Hugener, Isabelle
name: Krammer, Kathrin
name: Luthiger, Herbert
name: Peter, Philipp
name: Schäfer, Claudia
name: Schmidhauser, Michael
name: Vogel, Detlev
name: Würzer Schoch, Elsbeth
name: Zobrist, Bruno
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Pädagogik
Methodik
Didaktik
Kindergarten
Primarstufe
Sekundarstufe
Lernbegleitung
Lernaufgabe
Lehrer
Lehrerin
Lehrperson
Professionskompetenz
Lehraktivität
Lernaktivität
Unterrichtsplanung
Unterrichtsqualität
Unterrichtseinstieg
Unterrichtsbeobachtung
Artikulationsschema
Lernziele

description: Wie funktioniert Lernen? Wie kann ich als Lehrperson bei meinen Schülerinnen und Schülern verstehensorientierte und kompetenzfördernde Lernprozesse anregen? Die Auseinandersetzung mit diesen Grundfragen des Lehrens und Lernens steht im Zentrum des Studienbands "Grundlagen und Grundformen des Unterrichtens". Der Studienband setzt sich mit den zentralen Aspekten auseinander, die einer Lehrperson bei der Anregung und Begleitung von Lernprozessen ihrer Schülerinnen und Schüler in Bezug auf deren Lernerfolg zukommt. Dabei wird aufgezeigt, wie wichtig das Wissen zu gutem Unterricht und zu Lernprozessen für die Gestaltung lernwirksamen Unterrichts ist. Im Studienband wird u.a. auf folgende Fragen eingegangen: Welche Bedeutung hat die Lehrperson? Was ist guter Unterricht? Welches sind die zentralen Aufgaben der Lehrperson? Was ist Lernen? Wie verläuft ein Lernprozess? Wie rege ich als Lehrperson Lernen an? Wie spielen die Lehraktivitäten der Lehrperson mit den Lernaktivitäten der Schülerinnen und Schüler zusammen? Was müssen Lehrpersonen wissen und können? Der an der PH Luzern für den Einsatz im stufenübergreifenden Grundjahr-Mentorat (eine Mischform von Theorievermittlung und berufspraktischer Einführung) entwickelte Studienband wird interessierten Kreisen als OER (Open Educational Resources) zur Verfügung gestellt.
description: + ID der Publikation: phlu_3853 + Art des Beitrages: Andere Lehr-/Lernmaterialien + Herausgeberschaft: Pädagogische Hochschule Luzern + Titel der Reihe: Studienband + Sprache: Deutsch + Letzte Aktualisierung: 2021-11-11 15:53:51

4., überarbeitete Auflage 2022
Non-Markovianity in photosynthetic reaction centers: A noise-induced quantum coherence perspective
Creators: name: Wang, Zibo
name: Lim, Antonio V.
name: Mirza, Imran M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The long-standing problem of nearly perfect photosynthetic yield in some types of bacteria and nearly all kinds of plants despite the interaction with a hot and noisy environment has witnessed quantum optical explanations in the last decade or so. Typically in these explanations, photosynthetic reaction centers are modeled as five-level quantum heat engines where the generation of Fano-type interference due to the coupling of discrete state transitions with a common Markovian reservoir is held responsible for the enhancement of the photosynthetic efficiency. In this work, we go beyond the Born-Markov approximation used in the earlier works and study the impact of non-Markovian environments with Lorentzian spectral densities on the dynamics of light-harvesting complexes.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures
Scratch as Social Network: Topic Modeling and Sentiment Analysis in Scratch Projects
Creators: name: Graßl, Isabella
name: Fraser, Gordon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Societal matters like the Black Lives Matter (BLM) movement influence software engineering, as the recent debate on replacing certain discriminatory terms such as whitelist/blacklist has shown. Identifying relevant and trending societal matters is important, and often done using social network analysis for traditional social media channels such as twitter. In this paper we explore whether this type of analysis can also be used for introspection of the software world, by looking at the thriving scene of young Scratch programmers. The educational programming language Scratch is not only used for teaching programming concepts, but offers a platform for young programmers to express and share their creativity on any topics of relevance. By analyzing titles and project comments in a dataset of 106.032 Scratch projects, we explore which topics are common in the Scratch community, whether socially relevant events are reflected and how how the sentiment in the comments is. It turns out that the diversity of topics within the Scratch projects make the analysis process challenging. Our results nevertheless show that topics from pop and net culture in particular are present, and even recent societal events such as the Covid-19 pandemic or BLM are to some extent reflected in Scratch. The tone in the comments is mostly positive with catchy youth language. Hence, despite the challenges, Scratch projects can be studied in the same way as social networks, which opens up new possibilities to improve our understanding of the behavior and motivation of novice programmers.
Bell's Theorem - A fallacy of the excluded middle (Quantum Theory: Reconsideration of Foundations - 4; Wednesday, 13th of June 2007; Växjö University, Sweden; page 6/10);
Creators: name: Barukčić, Ilija
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2007
Subjects: Bell's theorem
Conference
Quantum Theory: Reconsideration of Foundations - 4

description: Bell's Theorem is identified as a fallacy of the excluded middle.
On the number of branches for real and complex weighted homogeneous curve singularities
Creators: name: Damon, James
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1991

description: A FORMULA for the number of real branches for a curve singularity defined by a smooth germ f: Rn+1, 0→ Rn, 0 was discovered by Aoki. Fukuda. and Nishimura [2]. They showed that this number can be computed as the degree of an associated mapping. This degree can, in turn, be computed algebraically by the formula of Eisenbud-Levine [6]. This has recently been extended to more general real curve singularities by Montaldi and van Stratcn [11]. In the case of complex curve singularities the original formula of Milnor [10] for plant curve singularities μ = 2ϑ - r + I has been generalized by Buchweitz-Greuel[3] to general curve singularities. As is often the case a general formula about invariants of singularities can be replaced by a much simpler formula in the weighted homogeneous cast. In this note we give such a formula for the number of branches for real or complex curves in terms of the Jacobian algebra of the curve singularity.
Measurement of the H$^3Δ_1$ Radiative Lifetime in ThO
Creators: name: Ang, Daniel G.
name: Meisenhelder, Cole
name: Panda, Cristian D.
name: Wu, Xing
name: DeMille, David
name: Doyle, John M.
name: Gabrielse, Gerald
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The best limit on the electron electric dipole moment (eEDM) comes from the ACME II experiment [Nature \textbf{562} (2018), 355-360] which probes physics beyond the Standard Model at energy scales well above 1 TeV. ACME II measured the eEDM by monitoring electron spin precession in a cold beam of the metastable H$^3Δ_1$ state of thorium monoxide (ThO) molecules, with an observation time $τ\approx 1$ ms for each molecule. We report here a new measurement of the lifetime of the ThO (H$^3Δ_1$) state, $τ_H = 4.2\pm 0.5$ ms. Using an apparatus within which $τ\approx τ_H$ will enable a substantial reduction in uncertainty of an eEDM measurement.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
(100143) Gwenillian Edwards
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Grundlagen und Grundformen des Unterrichtens: Studienband Grundjahr-Mentorat 1. und 2. Semester
Creators: name: Annen Wyrsch, Sibylle
name: Hugener, Isabelle
name: Krammer, Kathrin
name: Luthiger, Herbert
name: Peter, Philipp
name: Schäfer, Claudia
name: Schmidhauser, Michael
name: Vogel, Detlev
name: Würzer Schoch, Elsbeth
name: Zobrist, Bruno
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Pädagogik
Methodik
Didaktik
Kindergarten
Primarstufe
Sekundarstufe
Lernbegleitung
Lernaufgabe
Lehrer
Lehrerin
Lehrperson
Professionskompetenz
Lehraktivität
Lernaktivität
Unterrichtsplanung
Unterrichtsqualität
Unterrichtseinstieg
Unterrichtsbeobachtung
Artikulationsschema
Lernziele

description: Wie funktioniert Lernen? Wie kann ich als Lehrperson bei meinen Schülerinnen und Schülern verstehensorientierte und kompetenzfördernde Lernprozesse anregen? Die Auseinandersetzung mit diesen Grundfragen des Lehrens und Lernens steht im Zentrum des Studienbands "Grundlagen und Grundformen des Unterrichtens". Der Studienband setzt sich mit den zentralen Aspekten auseinander, die einer Lehrperson bei der Anregung und Begleitung von Lernprozessen ihrer Schülerinnen und Schüler in Bezug auf deren Lernerfolg zukommt. Dabei wird aufgezeigt, wie wichtig das Wissen zu gutem Unterricht und zu Lernprozessen für die Gestaltung lernwirksamen Unterrichts ist. Im Studienband wird u.a. auf folgende Fragen eingegangen: Welche Bedeutung hat die Lehrperson? Was ist guter Unterricht? Welches sind die zentralen Aufgaben der Lehrperson? Was ist Lernen? Wie verläuft ein Lernprozess? Wie rege ich als Lehrperson Lernen an? Wie spielen die Lehraktivitäten der Lehrperson mit den Lernaktivitäten der Schülerinnen und Schüler zusammen? Was müssen Lehrpersonen wissen und können? Der an der PH Luzern für den Einsatz im stufenübergreifenden Grundjahr-Mentorat (eine Mischform von Theorievermittlung und berufspraktischer Einführung) entwickelte Studienband wird interessierten Kreisen als OER (Open Educational Resources) zur Verfügung gestellt.
description: + ID der Publikation: phlu_3853 + Art des Beitrages: Andere Lehr-/Lernmaterialien + Herausgeberschaft: Pädagogische Hochschule Luzern + Titel der Reihe: Studienband + Sprache: Deutsch + Letzte Aktualisierung: 2021-11-11 15:53:51
Precise Determination of the Crystallographic Orientations in Single ZnS Nanowires by Second-Harmonic Generation Microscopy
Creators: name: Hongbo, Hu
name: Kai, Wang
name: Hua, Long
name: Weiwei, Liu
name: Bing, Wang
name: Peixiang, Lu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the systematical study of the second-harmonic generation (SHG) in single zinc sulfide nanowires (ZnS NWs). The high quality ZnS NWs with round cross-section were fabricated by chemical vapor deposition method. The transmission electron microscopy images show that the actual growth-axis has a deviation angle of 0o~20o with the preferential growth direction [120], which leads to the various polarization-dependent SHG response patterns in different individual ZnS NWs. The SHG response is quite sensitive to the orientations of c-axis as well as the (100) and (010) crystal-axis of ZnS NWs, thus all the three crystal-axis orientations of ZnS NWs are precisely determined by the SHG method. A high SHG conversion efficiency of 7*10^(-6) is obtained in single ZnS NWs, which shows potential applications in nanoscale ultraviolet light source, nonlinear optical microscopy and nanophotonic devices.
description: 19 pages, 5 figures