cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Interaction of the Eta Carinae Primary Wind with a Century Old Slow Equatorial Ejecta
Creators: name: Soker, Noam
name: Kashi, Amit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We argue that the asymmetric morphology of the blue and red shifted components of the outflow at hundreds of AU from the massive binary system Eta Carinae can be understood from the collision of the primary stellar wind with the slowly expanding dense equatorial gas. Recent high spatial observations of some forbidden lines, e.g. [Fe III] lambda4659, reveal the outflowing gas within about one arcsecond (2300 AU) from Eta Car. The distribution of the blue and red shifted components are not symmetric about the center, and they are quite different from each other. The morphologies of the blue and red shifted components correlate with the location of dense slowly moving equatorial gas (termed the Weigelt blob environment; WBE), that is thought to have been ejected during the 1887 - 1895 Lesser Eruption. In our model the division to the blue and red shifted components is caused by the postshock flow of the primary wind on the two sides of the equatorial plane after it collides with the WBE. The fast wind from the secondary star plays no role in our model for these components, and it is the freely expanding primary wind that collides with the WBE. Because the line of sight is inclined to the binary axis, the two components are not symmetric. We show that the postshock gas can also account for the observed intensity in the [Fe III] lambda4659 line.
description: 15 pages, 3 figures. Accepted to New Astronomy
Energy Deposition Profiles and Entropy in Galaxy Clusters
Creators: name: Chaudhuri, Anya
name: Nath, Biman B.
name: Majumdar, Subhabrata
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the results of our study of fractional entropy enhancement in the intra-cluster medium (ICM) of the clusters from the representative XMM-Newton cluster structure survey (REXCESS). We compare the observed entropy profile of these clusters with that expected for the ICM without any feedback, as well as with the introduction of preheating and entropy change due to gas cooling. We make the first estimate of the total, as well as radial, non-gravitational energy deposition up to r500 for a large, nearly flux-limited, sample of clusters. We find that the total energy deposition corresponding to the entropy enhancement is proportional to the cluster temperature (and hence mass), and that the energy deposition per particle as a function of gas mass shows a similar profile in all clusters, with its being more pronounced in the central region than in the outer region. Our results support models of entropy enhancement through AGN feedback.
description: version submitted to journal. Typos corrected. Main results and conclusions unchanged. 4 figures, 1 Table
title: การพัฒนาศักยภาพการพึ่งตนเองในระดับหมู่บ้าน
Creators: name: ศิริ ฮามสุโพธิ์
Publisher: name: สาขารัฐประศาสนศาสตร์ คณะศิลปศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยกาฬสินธุ์
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2012
Subjects: -

description: วารสารรัฐศาสตร์และนิติศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยราชภัฏกาฬสินธุ์, 1, 1, 87-125
On the construction of functorial factorizations for model categories
Creators: name: Barthel, Tobias
name: Riehl, Emily
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 55U35, 55U40, 18A32, 18G55

description: We present general techniques for constructing functorial factorizations appropriate for model structures that are not known to be cofibrantly generated. Our methods use "algebraic" characterizations of fibrations to produce factorizations that have the desired lifting properties in a completely categorical fashion. We illustrate these methods in the case of categories enriched, tensored, and cotensored in spaces, proving the existence of Hurewicz-type model structures, thereby correcting an error in earlier attempts by others. Examples include the categories of (based) spaces, (based) G-spaces, and diagram spectra among others.
description: Final journal version to appear in Algebraic & Geometric Topology with improvements suggested by the referee
Numerical Investigation of the Long-Term Performance of Solar-Enhanced Novel Energy Pile-Based Ground Source Heat Pump Systems for Space Conditioning Applications in Cold Climates
Creators: name: Beragama Jathunge, Charaka
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: ground source heat pump
subject: long-term performance
subject: cold climate
subject: solar-assisted ground source heat pump
subject: energy pile
subject: Engineering--Mechanical

description: Integration of renewable energy technologies in building energy systems has become essential to meet the emission targets by 2050, especially with buildings being the second largest energy consumer globally. The ground source heat pump (GSHP) technology is one such technology for space conditioning that offers high performance compared to other technologies. High installation cost of the ground heat exchanger has been limiting the wide adoption of GSHPs. Energy pile technology offers a low-cost alternative to the conventional ground heat exchanger, taking advantage of the shallow installation and less land usage. However, studies on the use of energy pile-based GSHP systems in cold climate residential applications are limited. This study numerically investigates the performance of a GSHP system which utilizes a novel energy pile design in a residential application in Calgary, AB, Canada. A validated numerical model coupled with realistic building load profiles has been utilized for the analysis. The system’s long-term performance under three pile design thermal load conditions (0.3 ton, 0.4 ton, and 0.6 ton) and four installation configurations has been investigated. Results indicate that the ground temperature at a declines by 0.18 K, 0.25 K, and 0.41 K per year for the 0.3 ton, 0.4 ton, and 0.6 ton load conditions. The average heating COP of the system declines by 0.006, 0.011, and 0.021 per year. The best performance is given when the piles are installed beneath the building basement. Subsequently, a solar-assisted GSHP system (SAGSHP), which utilizes solar photovoltaic/thermal collectors, was proposed to improve system performance while mitigating ground thermal imbalance. SAGSHP was investigated under two pile design thermal load conditions and four collector sizes. The results show that solar integration improves the heat pump performance by 10.6 – 15.7%. Moreover, ground thermal balance can be achieved by thermally recharging the ground. The economic analysis shows that the payback periods of ground coupled systems are generally high without incentives compared to baseboard heaters + air conditioner and natural gas furnace + air conditioner combinations. The optimum SAGSHP systems achieve emission reductions of 88.6 – 91.8% and 82.1 – 87.2% compared to these conventional systems.
Doing Being the Moderator: Use of “Respondent Selection” During Webinar Q&As
Creators: name: King, Allie Hope
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Questions and answers
Moderation
Audiences
Applied linguistics

description: During an online webinar, a question and answer (Q&A) segment is a valuable time during which audience members can petition an institution’s hosting representatives to clarify, expand upon, or otherwise assist with questions or issues that remain after a presentation has been made. As would be the case in any information-dissemination event, it is presumably important to all parties involved that these questions are handled in a satisfactory manner. In a typical webinar, one representative acts as the moderator, whose role it is to facilitate the interaction during the Q&A. In some ways, the responsibilities of this individual are tied to the technological set-up of the event. The webinars in the present study are audio-only (i.e., video conferencing is not used), and audience members are limited to using a “chat” feature in order to pose questions (i.e., a call-in feature is not used). Within this particular dynamic, the moderator takes on a complex third-party role. On the one hand, she must act as the “voice” of the audience members, reading their written questions aloud for all to hear and serving as an interactional bridge between the other two parties; on the other hand, the moderator is also responsible for ensuring that the interaction runs smoothly and efficiently, and that all questions are addressed in a timely manner.

In the hope of shedding light on the interactional role of moderators within this arguably complex dynamic, this study uses conversation analysis (CA) to examine how moderators manage question-answer sequences in audio-only webinars. Drawn from a larger study on moderator practices, this paper will report on respondent selection, which is one of several practices that moderators were found to do during Q&A interactions.
Enhancing Efficiency in Residential PV Systems: Novel Maximum Power Point Tracking Strategy for Reduced DC Bus Capacitance in Differential Power Processing Architecture
Creators: name: Aguero Meineri, Adrian Nicolas
Publisher: name: Schulich School of Engineering
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Maximum Power Point Tracking
subject: MPPT
subject: Differential Power Processing
subject: DPP
subject: Flyback Converter
subject: Incremental Conductance
subject: Reduced Bus Capacitance
subject: Efficiency
subject: Residential PV systems
subject: Engineering--Electronics and Electrical

description: Tracking efficiency, cost, and reliability are important factors when selecting PV architectures and converter topologies. PV systems require power converters to maximize power extraction, for which DC-DC converters are a common choice. Differential Power Processing (DPP) architectures can achieve higher efficiencies and lower cost by reducing the amount of power passing through these converters, while still providing Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) capabilities. Single-phase grid connected PV systems, which are the most popular choice in residential applications, require a large capacitance in the DC bus to minimize the voltage ripple caused by double-line pulsating power, which has impacts on the cost and reliability of the system. This work introduces a new MPPT mode of operation for flyback converters in DPP architectures. The proposed MPPT method shows extremely fast dynamic performance and is capable of maximizing power extraction, even for extreme variations in the bus voltage. In this way, the proposed method enables a significant reduction in the DC bus capacitance, which contributes to reducing costs and facilitating the use of ceramic capacitors, while maintaining excellent tracking efficiency. The analysis incorporates comprehensive models that characterize the large-signal dynamic behaviour of ideal and non-ideal flyback converters, and it is supported by detailed mathematical procedures. The system performance behaviour and limits are validated through simulation and experimental results.
Extremal Multicenter Black Holes: Nilpotent Orbits and Tits Satake Universality Classes
Creators: name: Fre, Pietro
name: Sorin, Alexander S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Four dimensional supergravity theories whose scalar manifold is a symmetric coset manifold U[D=4]/Hc are arranged into a finite list of Tits Satake universality classes. Stationary solutions of these theories, spherically symmetric or not, are identified with those of an euclidian three-dimensional sigma-model, whose target manifold is a Lorentzian coset U[D=3]/H* and the extremal ones are associated with H* nilpotent orbits in the K* representation emerging from the orthogonal decomposition of the algebra U[D=3] with respect to H*. It is shown that the classification of such orbits can always be reduced to the Tits-Satake projection and it is a class property of the Tits Satake universality classes. The construction procedure of Bossard et al of extremal multicenter solutions by means of a triangular hierarchy of integrable equations is completed and converted into a closed algorithm by means of a general formula that provides the transition from the symmetric to the solvable gauge. The question of the relation between H* orbits and charge orbits W of the corresponding black holes is addressed and also reduced to the corresponding question within the Tits Satake projection. It is conjectured that on the vanishing locus of the Taub-NUT current the relation between H*-orbit and W-orbit is rigid and one-to-one. All black holes emerging from multicenter solutions associated with a given H* orbit have the same W-type. For the S^3 model we provide a complete survey of its multicenter solutions associated with all of the previously classified nilpotent orbits of sl(2) x sl(2) within g[2,2]. We find a new intrinsic classification of the W-orbits of this model that might provide a paradigm for the analogous classification in all the other Tits Satake universality classes.
description: 83 pages, LaTeX; v2: few misprints corrected and references added
Galileons with Gauge Symmetries
Creators: name: Zhou, Shuang-Yong
name: Copeland, Edmund J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Galileon models arise in certain braneworld scenarios as modifications to General Relativity, and are also interesting as field theories in their own right. We show how the galileon model can be naturally generalized to include local gauge symmetries, by allowing for couplings to Yang-Mills fields. The resulting theories have at most second order spacetime derivatives in any representation of the gauge group, thereby avoiding Ostrogradski ghosts. We also extend the models to include curved space, and show how in that case we need to include non-minimal couplings between the galileons and the curvature tensors for the theory to retain its second order nature.
description: 9 pages, minor changes, to appear in PRD
Papers in Australian Linguistics No. 7
Creators: name: Furby, C. (Ed.)
name: Hercus, L. (Ed.)
name: Hilham, C. (Ed.)
Publisher: name: Pacific Linguistics
Year: 1974

description: A-37
description: Contents iii{CHRISTINE E. FURBY} 1GARAWA PHONOLOGY. 0. INTRODUCTION 1 1. CONSONANTS 1 2. VOWELS 4 3. DISTRIBUTION OF PHONEMES 7 4. SYLLABLES 10 5. WORD STRESS 10NOTE 11{LUISE A. HERCUS} 13TEXTS IN VICTORIAN LANGUAGES.MAP 14PHOTOGRAPHS: 1. Guardians of Victorian Traditions 15 2. Mrs. Jackson Stuart 16 3. Mr. Jack Long 17 1. INTRODUCTION 17 2. THE STORY OF ORION: A MAḎIMAḎI VERSION 27 3. SHORT MAḎIMAḎI TEXTS 33 4. ABBREVIATIONS 41{CHRISTINE KILHAM} 45COMPOUND WORDS AND CLOSE-KNIT PHRASES IN WIK-MUNKAN. 0. INTRODUCTION 45 1. ROLE OF BODY PARTS 45 2. SEMANTIC RELATIONSHIPS 52 3. CRITERIA FOR DIFFERENTIATING COMPOUND WORDS AND CLOSE-KNIT PHRASES 56 4. CRITERIA APPLIED TO DATA 58NOTES 70BIBLIOGRAPHY 73
The Effect of Controlled Ovarian Stimulation on Kidney Function
Creators: name: Kharbanda, Sakshi
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: In Vitro Fertilization
subject: Fertility
subject: Oocyte Cyropreservation
subject: Infertility
subject: Controlled Ovarian Stimulation
subject: Kidneys
subject: Glomerular Filtration Rate
subject: Albuminuria
subject: Obstetrics and Gynecology

description: Background: The global prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is >12% and prevention of CKD is a patient-identified research priority. Exogenous hormones are an important sex-specific risk factor for kidney health in females, however, it is yet unknown how the use of exogenous hormones in controlled ovarian stimulation (COS), commonly utilized in fertility treatment, effects kidney function. This study examined the effect of COS on kidney function outcomes, including measured glomerular filtration rate (mGFR) and albuminuria. Methods: Healthy females planning treatment with COS were recruited from the Regional Fertility Program in Calgary, Canada. Participants were studied immediately prior to initiation of COS treatment, as well as at the peak of COS. On each study day, iohexol was administered to the study participant and subsequent bloods draws were collected at time 60, 120, 150, 180, 210 and 240 minutes. Serum analysis for measurement of iohexol levels for each blood sample was used to calculate the mGFR. Albuminuria was measured via an albumin-creatinine ratio (ACR) in a spot urine sample. Changes in each outcome were assessed with Wilcoxon signed-rank tests. Results: Ten females initiating COS were recruited, with a median(IQR) age of 35(3) years. Most participants were nulliparous (70%), and no participants had a history of diabetes, hypertension, or CKD. Participants reported a wide variety of causes of infertility and 30% had been previously treated with COS treatment. No statistically significant changes in mGFR (p=0.13) and ACR (p=0.37) were identified during COS, though a trend towards an increase in mGFR and a decrease in ACR was demonstrated. Conclusion: Overall, treatment with COS did not result in any changes to kidney function, however this study is likely underpowered. Future studies with larger sample sizes are necessary to elucidate the effect of COS on kidney function, in order to optimize precision care in fertility treatment.
Desafíos de la transición desde el Acceso Abierto hacia la Ciencia Abierta en AL&C
Creators: name: Amaro, Bianca
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Editores LILACS
Revistas LILACS
Buenas Prácticas editoriales
Ciencia Abierta
Acesso Abierto

description: Presentación ministrada el 28/06/2023, en el webinario Desafios de la transición desde el Acceso Abierto hacia la Ciencia Abierta en AL&C, de la serie Buenas Prácticas en los Procesos Editoriales de Revistas Científicas para LILACS (2023). •🎬 Grabación: youtu.be/1X-orHl_mSg •📖 Presentaciones: https://bit.ly/revistasLILACS2023
A quantum phase transition in a quantum external field: Superposing two magnetic phases
Creators: name: Rams, Marek M.
name: Zwolak, Michael
name: Damski, Bogdan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study an Ising chain undergoing a quantum phase transition in a quantum magnetic field. Such a field can be emulated by coupling the chain to a central spin initially in a superposition state. We show that - by adiabatically driving such a system - one can prepare a quantum superposition of any two ground states of the Ising chain. In particular, one can end up with the Ising chain in a superposition of ferromagnetic and paramagnetic phases -- a scenario with no analogue in prior studies of quantum phase transitions. Remarkably, the resulting magnetization of the chain encodes the position of the critical point and universal critical exponents, as well as the ground state fidelity.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures, improvements in the discussion of the measurement of the central spin & averaging, expanded discussion of the role of ground state fidelity
Clustering-Assisted Observation Domain Optimization for GNSS Multi-Fault Detection and Mitigation
Creators: name: Haque, Fahimul
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: GNSS
subject: fault detection and mitigation
subject: integrity monitoring
subject: unsupervised learning
subject: expecation maximization
subject: RAIM
subject: Engineering--Electronics and Electrical
subject: Engineering--Automotive

description: With the rise of autonomous and semi-autonomous vehicles, effective fault detection and mitigation (FDM) methods have become essential in meeting the integrity requirements for precise and reliable Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)-based positioning. In scenarios involving multiple faulty observations, the existing GNSS-only statistical FDM methods are ineffective or impractical due to either theoretical model limitations or high computational costs. Additionally, supervised learning-based FDM approaches introduced in recent years do not meet the existing and emerging industry requirements due to dependence on large amounts of diverse training data, the accuracy of the offline labeling process, or high computational complexity. In this dissertation, a novel GNSS multi-fault detection and mitigation method is developed that achieves a balance between computational complexity and performance. The proposed method incorporates an Expectation Maximization (EM) framework to jointly estimate an approximate maximum likelihood of states and latent model parameters in the presence of observation outliers, i.e., faults. However, the EM algorithm is known for its high computational complexity. To reduce the computational complexity of EM, an importance sampling step based on unsupervised clustering is introduced. As demonstrated by the results and analysis herein, the proposed method outperforms the existing Least-squares Residuals-based single-fault method, achieving an average improvement of up to 48% in positioning accuracy. Additionally, the computational complexity of the proposed method is an order of magnitude lower than the state-of-the-art Solution Separation method. The improved performance and the lower computational complexity of the proposed method make it a suitable candidate for integration into modern standalone real-time GNSS applications.
Watersheds are Schramm-Loewner Evolution curves
Creators: name: Daryaei, E.
name: Araujo, N. A. M.
name: Schrenk, K. J.
name: Rouhani, S.
name: Herrmann, H. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that in the continuum limit watersheds dividing drainage basins are Schramm-Loewner Evolution (SLE) curves, being described by one single parameter $κ$. Several numerical evaluations are applied to ascertain this. All calculations are consistent with SLE$_κ$, with $κ=1.734\pm0.005$, being the only known physical example of an SLE with $κ<2$. This lies outside the well-known duality conjecture, bringing up new questions regarding the existence and reversibility of dual models. Furthermore it constitutes a strong indication for conformal invariance in random landscapes and suggests that watersheds likely correspond to a logarithmic Conformal Field Theory (CFT) with central charge $c\approx-7/2$.
description: 5 pages and 4 figures
Velocity correlations of a discrete-time totally asymmetric simple-exclusion process in stationary state on a circle
Creators: name: Yamada, Yasuyuki
name: Katori, Makoto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The discrete-time version of totally asymmetric simple-exclusion process (TASEP) on a finite one-dimensional lattice is studied with the periodic boundary condition. Each particle at a site hops to the next site with probability $0 \leq p \leq 1$, if the next site is empty. This condition can be rephrased by the condition that the number $n$ of vacant sites between the particle and the next particle is positive. Then the average velocity is given by a product of the hopping probability $p$ and the probability that $n \geq 1$. By mapping the TASEP to another driven diffusive system called the zero-range process, it is proved that the distribution function of vacant sites in the stationary state is exactly given by a factorized form. We define $k$-particle velocity correlation function as the expectation value of a product of velocities of $k$ particles in the stationary distribution. It is shown that it does not depend on positions of $k$ particles on a circle but depends only on the number $k$. We give explicit expressions for all velocity correlation functions using the Gauss hypergeometric functions. Covariance of velocities of two particles is studied in detail and we show that velocities become independent asymptotically in the thermodynamic limit.
description: v2:REVTeX4, 17 pages, 3 figures, minor corrections made for publication in Phys. Rev. E
A quantum transmitting Schrödinger-Poisson system
Creators: name: Baro, Michael
name: Kaiser, Hans-Christoph
name: Neidhardt, Hagen
name: Rehberg, Joachim
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Quantum phenomena
subject: current carrying state
subject: inflow boundary condition
subject: dissipative operators
subject: open quantum systems
subject: carrier and current densities
subject: density matrices
subject: quantum transmitting boundary method
subject: 34B24
subject: 34L40
subject: 47B44
subject: 81U20
subject: 82D37
subject: 85.35.-p

description: We consider a stationary Schrödinger-Poisson system on a bounded interval of the real axis. The Schroedinger operator is defined on the bounded domain with transparent boundary conditions. This allows to model a non-zero current flow trough the boundary of the interval. We prove that the system always admits a solution and give explicit a priori estimates for the solutions.
Ochrolechia africana Vain.
Creators: name: R, Jeanne dos
name: Silva, eis
name: Aptroot, André
name: E, Marcela
name: S, ugenia da
name: Cáceres, ilva
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Fungi
Ascomycota
Lecanoromycetes
Pertusariales
Ochrolechiaceae
Ochrolechia
Ochrolechia africana

description: Ochrolechia africana Vain.
PREVIOUS REPORT. — Mistry (1998).
NEW REPORT. — Parque Nacional de Brasília, on bark, leg. J.A.R. Silva, ISE 53313.
description: Published as part of R, Jeanne dos, Silva, eis, Aptroot, André, E, Marcela, S, ugenia da & Cáceres, ilva, 2023, Lichens from dry central Brazil: a checklist of lichenized fungi from Distríto Federal and Goiás, pp. 117-133 in Cryptogamie, Mycologie 20 (9) on page 122, DOI: 10.5252/cryptogamie-mycologie2023v44a9, http://zenodo.org/record/8434271
Defining, Conceptualizing, Problematizing, and Assessing Language Teacher Assessment Literacy
Creators: name: Stabler-Havener, Michelle L.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Educational tests and measurements
Teachers--Certification
Teachers--Certification--Examinations
Effective teaching
Teachers
Education
Applied linguistics

description: Assessment literacy (AL) empowers teachers (Grabowski & Dakin, 2014) by helping them make better decisions about the development, administration, and use of assessments (Harding & Kremmel, 2016; Popham, 2009). This is crucial because when teachers make erroneous interpretations, which lead to incorrect decisions, students can suffer unintended, negative consequences (Purpura, 2016; Purpura, Brown, & Schoonen, 2015). As essential as AL is to providing quality teaching and learning opportunities, assessment education remains inadequate (Lam, 2015; Mendoza & Arandia, 2009; Vogt & Tsagari, 2014). According to Cheng (2001), teachers spend up to a third of their time in assessment related activities; however, most “do so with little or no professional training” (Bachman, 2000, p. 19-20). In light of the demand for the development of instructor AL, this paper first defines and conceptualizes language assessment literacy (LAL). Then it problematizes LAL through an investigation of empirical studies conducted to explore pre- and in-service teacher education and resources that have been used to develop teachers’ LAL. Finally, it examines how teachers’ LAL levels are evaluated through assessments such as Cambridge University Press’s Teaching Knowledge Test, the edTPA, and state teacher certification Praxis tests.
The Relation between Parental and Family Functioning and Post-concussive Symptoms after Pediatric Mild Traumatic Brain Injury
Creators: name: Chadwick, Leah
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Concussion
subject: Mild traumatic brain injury
subject: Family functioning
subject: Pediatrics
subject: Trajectories
subject: Psychology--Clinical

description: Mild traumatic brain injuries (TBI) are commonly sustained by children and adolescents. An extensive literature documents the reciprocal relationship between family functioning and outcomes of childhood moderate and severe TBI, however, the influence of parental and family functioning on children’s post-concussive symptoms (PCS) after mild TBI is not well understood. The goal of this dissertation was to examine the influence of parental and family functioning on PCS after mild TBI. Study 1 consists of a scoping review that examined the existing research on the relationship between parental and family functioning and pediatric mild TBI to determine relevant parental and family factors, summarize findings, and identify areas for further research. Study 2 consists of an original research study that aimed to identify distinct trajectories of PCS after mild TBI in 8- to 16-year-old children and to examine their association with parental and family functioning, as compared to children with orthopedic injuries (OI). Study 1 identified 15 articles that address three questions: (1) Does mild TBI result in more parental distress or poorer family functioning than other injuries?; (2) Does pre-injury or acute parental distress and family functioning predict PCS after mild TBI?; and (3) Does acute PCS predict later parental distress and family functioning? Overall, findings were mixed, although the available evidence suggests that parent and family functioning may have an important, perhaps bidirectional, association with PCS after pediatric mild TBI. Study 2 employed group-based multi-trajectory modeling to classify children into distinct trajectories of child- and parent-reported cognitive and somatic PCS across the first 6 months post-injury and to examine parental and family functioning as predictors of those trajectories. Several parental and family factors were identified as significant predictors of trajectory membership after mild TBI, including parental adjustment, protectiveness, and social support. Study 2 demonstrates that better parental functioning tends to be associated with a more rapid recovery for children with mild TBI. Identification of different symptom trajectories and the influence of parental and family functioning as predictors of those trajectories provides guidance in developing family-based treatments and enabling the targeting of those treatments to children at risk for poor recovery.
Numerical Simulation of Hydrate Dissociation in Pipelines via Single-sided Depressurization Approach and via Electrical Heating
Creators: name: Okechukwu Aguguo, Johnbosco
Publisher: name: Schulich School of Engineering
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: flow assurance
subject: gas hydrate management
subject: kinetics
subject: computational fluid dynamics and similitude analysis
subject: Engineering--Petroleum

description: Hydrate plugging in petroleum pipelines poses serious flow assurance issues within the oil and gas community. Since its discovery by Hammerschmidt in 1934, researchers have undertaken several thermodynamic studies. Current techniques for dissociating hydrate plug during total blockage such as depressurization pose challenges in deep-water pipelines due to limited accessibility. This work builds upon previous models by employing a rigorous 2D model formulation that combines heat transfer and flows in porous media as a coupled process and using advanced CFD software (COMSOL Multiphysics software). The experimental data from both hydrate dissociation via electrical heating and single-sided depressurization were validated, and the simulation and experimental data exhibit a reasonable level of agreement for both hydrate dissociation via electrical heating and single-sided depressurization in both structures. However, minor discrepancies are observed, which may be attributed to potential digitization inaccuracies during data collection. A unique feature of this work is its ability to predict the interface's shape between hydrate and gas during hydrate dissociation. This study introduces a novel approach for modelling hydrate dissociation via single-sided depressurization by using dimensionless analysis the simulation data was summarized in a way that may allow researchers and industry people to perform an initial screening of a proposed plug depressurization scheme, without needing to resort to CFD simulations. Furthermore, incorporating the decomposition kinetics for hydrates formed for pure and mixed gases as a boundary condition in the 2D heat equation. It was found that hydrate dissociation kinetics has minimal to no effect on plug detachment time, suggesting that pipeline plug dissociation is primarily heat transfer limited. The investigation on sensitivity analysis reveals that hydrate plug detachment time depends significantly on numerous factors including hydrate structure, pressure ratio, and length to diameter ratio and pressure rate. Three different depressurization methods were used in this study, the results show that for Structure I-Hydrate, all three cases performed better by falling within the set safety limit. For Structure II-Hydrate, the multi-step depressurization approach was the best with minimum risk, followed by the ramp change method, while single-step was the least. In the simulation for a land-based case, results showed that in simulating hydrate plug decomposition in a pipeline for a land-based case with sinusoidal wall temperature, for a varying outer wall temperature, hydrate dissociates faster than what was observed with a constant wall temperature for all three depressurization strategies.
President Donald Trump's Trade War: Multilateralism at Risk
Creators: name: Panagariya, Arvind
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: International trade
International economic relations
Commercial policy

description: The global trading system, with the World Trade Organization (WTO) at its center, has been under stress for more than a decade.1  The Doha Round of trade negotiations failed to make progress beyond the Trade Facilitation Agreement.  This has led many to ask whether the WTO can sustain the open trading system, which it and its predecessor institution, the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade, have helped spawn.  The challenge to the open trading system has reached a new height following the election of President Donald Trump in the United States.  Under him, trade tensions have turned into a trade war of sorts, which threatens to bring down the entire multilateral trading system. The question now being asked is not whether conflicting interests of major trading nations would damage the system—that damage has already begun—but whether a different future leadership in the United States would be able to repair that damage and return the system to its healthier self.

The sources of stress in the trading system and possible solutions, if any, constitute the core of this paper.  Before we get to that discussion, however, it is useful to take a brief stock of the history of the evolution of the global trading system.  This stocktaking would help us appreciate that the road to achieving and maintaining a liberal trading system has always been bumpy.  And yet, we have achieved unprecedented progress in creating and nurturing a highly open trading system. This liberal trading system has brought unprecedented prosperity around the world and is therefore worth every bit of our effort to preserve it.
Direct generation of intense extreme ultraviolet supercontinuum with 35 fs, 11 mJ pulses from a femtosecond laser amplifier
Creators: name: Zeng, Bin
name: Chu, Wei
name: Li, Guihua
name: Yao, Jinping
name: Ni, Jielei
name: Zhang, Haisu
name: Cheng, Ya
name: Xu, Zhizhan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the generation of intense extreme ultraviolet (EUV) supercontinuum with photon energies spanning from 35 eV to 50 eV (i. e., supporting an isolated attosecond pulse with a duration of ~271 as) by loosely focusing 35 fs, 11 mJ pulses from a femtosecond laser amplifier into a 10-mm long gas cell filled with krypton gas. The dramatic change of spectral and temporal properties of the driver pulses after passing through the gas cell indicates that propagation effects play a significant role in promoting the generation of the EUV supercontinuum.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures
A scoping review of school-based anthropometric measurement
Creators: name: Wilson, Oliver W. A.
name: Thai, Michella
name: Williams, Lindsay
name: Nutter, Sarah
name: Myre, Maxine
name: Russell-Mayhew, Shelly
Publisher: name: John Wiley & Sons Ltd
Year: 2023
Subjects: adolescents
children
obesity

description: Wilson, W.A.O., Thai, M., Williams, L., Nutter, S., Myre, M., & Russell-Mayhew, S. (2023). A scoping review of school-based anthropometric measurement. Obesity Reviews, 1-13.
description: Though anthropometric measurement (AM) frequently occurs in school settings, it is not without risks to child wellbeing. The aim of this scoping review was to examine how AM in school settings takes place and is reported on to make recommendations on best practices. We identified and extracted data from 440 studies published since 2005 that conducted AM in school (pre-school through secondary/high school) settings. Privacy and sensitivity of AM were unclear in over 90% of studies. Thirty-one studies (7.0%) reported protecting student privacy, while nine (2.0%) reported public measurement. Only five studies reported sensitivity regarding AM (1.1%). Exactly who conducted AM was not specified in 201 studies (45.7%). Sixty-nine studies did not provide a weight status criteria citation (19.2%), and 10 used an incorrect citation (2.7%). In summary, serious shortcomings in the reporting of how AM is conducted and by whom, along with details concerning weight status classification, are evident. There is considerable room for improvement regarding the reporting of key methodological details. We propose best practices for AM in school settings, which also double as conditions that should be met before AM takes place in school settings.
Integrating goods delivery with electrical surface transit networks : the Trum strategy for urban freight transport in Vancouver and elsewhere
Creators: name: L'Allier, Simon
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: This thesis examines a way to integrate goods movement with Light Rail Transit (LRT) and trolleybus networks used for public transit. In essence, this implies the use of a new concept vehicle to deliver goods within urban areas, named the Trum, for its hybrid nature between a truck and a tramway, that connects with electrical infrastructure also used to power surface transit vehicles. The approach taken in this research is exploratory as its main objectives are to explore the challenges and opportunities related to such an integration, and to present the characteristics of the Trum, a new concept vehicle on which this new approach is based. To grasp the possibilities of implementing such a system in a more tangible manner, the region of Vancouver is used as an example and a reference case throughout the thesis. The general research question answered by this thesis is: could goods movement be effectively integrated with public transport electrical network? Chapter 1 – Introduction sets the context that calls for the integration of goods and people transport, and explains the benefits of using a Trum system rather than vehicles powered with alternative technologies using natural gas, electric batteries or hydrogen fuel cells. Chapter 2 – Freight Transport examines trends and figures of goods movement at different levels of data aggregation. Chapter 3 – Unconventional LRT Uses presents examples non-conventional uses of tramway vehicles by European cities that are using, or have used trams to transport goods within their urban areas. Chapter 4 – The Trum introduces the Trum, a concept vehicle compatible with LRT and trolleybus infrastructure and intended for urban goods delivery, and compares the costs of trumming against those of trucking under different scenarios. Chapter 5 – Vancouver Trum City examines the potential application of a Trum system in Vancouver and its implications for the electrification of TransLink`s surface transit network. Chapter 6 – Conclusion summarizes the rationale articulated in the five preceding chapters and proposes policy measures that would help overcome implementation and operational barriers to make Trum concept a reality.
Quantum Mechanics of the Interior of Radiating 2-D Black Holes
Creators: name: Gegenberg, Jack
name: Kunstatter, Gabor
name: Taves, Timothy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the homogeneous sector of the RST model describing the gravitational dynamics, including back-reaction, of radiating 2-d black holes. We find the exact solutions both in conformal gauge and in time-parametrized form, isolate the black hole sector of the classical phase space and quantize the near singularity dynamics in conformal gauge. We show that different choices of measure and different self-adjoint extensions can lead to inequivalent quantum theories, all of which resolve the singularity. For a specific range of extension parameters, the Hamiltonian spectrum admits bound states that correspond physically to stable remnants. Finally, we argue that our work provides a good starting point for quantization of the full homogeneous theory using both reduced and Dirac quantization.
Applying Sortition in the EU: House of Lots or Random Votes?
Creators: name: Tsakiliotis, Konstantinos
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: digitisation
democracy
house of lots
random votes

description: The 'digital constellation' offers both opportunities and risks for democracy. While the information and communication technologies allow us to instantly communicate with each other enhancing the democratic dialogue, they prove to be a fertile ground for misinformation campaigns, hate speech and foreign cyberattacks. Although we are more frequently confronted with the risks, we haven't seriously thought of taking advantage of the opportunities. If we use technology everyday to interact, trade, inform or misinform each other, why not use it to more directly participate in the democratic process? Has sortition something to offer? In the second part of the series ‘Sortition – a chance for the EU in the digital constellation?’, Konstantinos Tsakiliotis discusses two hypothetical applications of sortition within the EU: House of Lots or Random Votes?
Supporting the success of online students who are Deaf - #OLCAccelerate
Creators: name: Marquart, Matthea S.
name: Counselman Carpenter, Elisabeth A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Deaf students
Web-based instruction
Instructional systems--Design
Hearing impaired--Services for
Hearing impaired--Education

description: One social justice victory of online education is the ability to expand access to higher education and serve a diverse student body.  This interactive session will give instructors and administrators the chance to share strategies and tools for supporting the success of students who are Deaf/Hard of Hearing. Online courses with synchronous components generally include audio elements in the form of live virtual classes;  homework assignments that include videos, podcasts, or other media; and student-generated media assignments such as introductory videos or video role plays.  To enable students who are Deaf/Hard of Hearing to fully participate in these courses, school administrators and instructors need to be ready with tools and strategies, such as live captioners or American Sign Language translators, media captioners, and plans for inclusive lessons.

This interactive session will provide a forum for those with experience supporting the success of students who are Deaf/Hard of Hearing to share their experiences, and for those without experience to learn and ask questions.

The goals for this session include:
- Sharing concrete tools and resources that can support online students who are Deaf/Hard of Hearing
- Sharing strategies for inclusive lesson planning and instructional design
- Identifying areas where institutions can better prepare to support students who are Deaf/Hard of Hearing
Opportunistic Packet Forwarding for Proactive Transport in Datacenters
Creators: name: Shani, Amir
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Software-Defined Networking
subject: Programmable Switches
subject: Datacenter Networks
subject: Computer Science

description: Proactive transport protocols in datacenters are designed to avoid congestion by regulating flow sending rates via credit allocation. However, when a new flow starts, it takes one Round-Trip Time (RTT) before credits can be assigned to the new flow. To avoid stalling flows, modern proactive protocols allow a new flow to blast a burst of unscheduled packets at line rate during the pre-credit phase. However, sending too many unscheduled packets could cause temporary traffic spikes that lead to queue build-ups, packet losses, and retransmissions, which are particularly detrimental to short flows. In this thesis, we present the design and evaluation of Opportunistic Packet Forwarding (OPF), a building block for proactive transports designed to minimize pre-credit packet losses with negligible overhead on network switches. The key idea in OPF is to allow pre-credit packets to opportunistically take detours to avoid congested links on the shortest paths, effectively trading off packet losses for slightly increased delay. We have implemented OPF using P4 switches and integrated our implementation with Homa and NDP. Our results on a range of traffic loads show significant improvement in the 99-th percentile of flow completion time for short flows, namely, up to 60% reduction in NDP and 50% in Homa.
Interference Alignment for Partially Connected MIMO Cellular Networks
Creators: name: Ruan, Liangzhong
name: Lau, Vincent K. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we propose an iterative interference alignment (IA) algorithm for MIMO cellular networks with partial connectivity, which is induced by heterogeneous path losses and spatial correlation. Such systems impose several key technical challenges in the IA algorithm design, namely the overlapping between the direct and interfering links due to the MIMO cellular topology as well as how to exploit the partial connectivity. We shall address these challenges and propose a three stage IA algorithm. As illustration, we analyze the achievable degree of freedom (DoF) of the proposed algorithm for a symmetric partially connected MIMO cellular network. We show that there is significant DoF gain compared with conventional IA algorithms due to partial connectivity. The derived DoF bound is also backward compatible with that achieved on fully connected K-pair MIMO interference channels.
description: Submitted to IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, accepted