cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Examining childhood poverty and future developmental and academic outcomes of children in British Columbia : differences by poverty type and immigration background
Creators: name: Gill, Randip
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2024

description: Background: Childhood poverty exposes children to conditions at the household and neighbourhood level that are associated with developmental detriments. Prior studies examining the impact of poverty have lacked consideration of differences based upon the poverty type experienced, and children’s immigration background. The goal of this dissertation was to investigate how different types of poverty experiences are associated with developmental outcomes of children in British Columbia (B.C.), and whether these associations differ based on the child’s immigration background. Methods: This dissertation utilized a retrospective, population-based cohort study, linking administrative records with survey data for children residing in B.C. The poverty exposure types investigated were neighbourhood poverty only, household poverty only, and “combined” neighbourhood and household poverty. The outcomes examined included school readiness at kindergarten, health and life satisfaction during middle childhood, and high school grades and whether children were on-track to graduate, utilizing a series of regression analyses. The interaction between poverty and various immigration backgrounds was explored. Mediation analyses were also conducted to investigate the association of poverty with middle childhood outcomes through the lens of children's social support experiences. Immigrant generation status, immigration admission category, and region of origin of the child was examined depending upon the age of poverty exposure and outcome under study. Results: Children who experienced combined household and neighbourhood poverty generally scored the lowest in developmental, health, and educational outcomes in each analysis, followed by children experiencing only a single poverty type, and then by those not experiencing poverty. However, the association between poverty exposure and outcomes varied with the specific combination of poverty type and immigration background of the child, particularly regarding high school education outcomes. First-generation immigrants generally demonstrated fewer detriments due to poverty. An indirect effect through children’s experiences of social support was also found. Conclusion: Each type of poverty experience was nearly universally associated with detriments to developmental outcomes for children. Intervention to alleviate poverty-related detriments might include economic policy and addressing children’s social support needs, with children experiencing combined poverty potentially benefitting the most. Interventions should also consider the nuance in differences based upon the specific immigration background of children.
How to Organise Engaging Online Conferences and Escape the Zoom Rectangle
Creators: name: Kowalski, Jarosław
name: Skorupska, Kinga
name: Kopacz, Agata
name: Muczyński, Bartosz
name: Kopeć, Wiesław
name: Bohdanowicz, Zbigniew
name: Górska, Gabriela
name: Biele, Cezary
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: As an increasing number of academic conferences transition to the online sphere, new event paradigms must be explored and developed to better utilise the unique multimedia opportunities offered by the virtual world. With this in mind, we conducted in-depth interviews with researchers, performed a SWOT analysis of remote conferences, and developed experimental conference functionalities. We implemented these during the 9th edition of a two-day international scientific IT conference, which was attended by over 277 participants on the first day and 199 on the second. In this article, we describe how these innovative functionalities met the participants' needs based on qualitative and quantitative data. We present how the experiences of remote and in-person events differ, and offer recommendations on organising remote conferences that encourage participants to exchange knowledge and engage in activities.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures, presented at CHI 2023, Case Studies
Additional file 2 of Genome-wide identification of SNPs associated with body weight in yak
Creators: name: Jiang, Hui
name: Chai, Zhi-Xin
name: Cao, Han-Wen
name: Zhang, Cheng-Fu
name: Zhu, Yong
name: Zhang, Qiang
name: Xin, Jin-Wei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2.
Does smoking have some potential health benefits? An overview of systematic reviews
Creators: name: Wang, Ling
name: Luo, Xufei
name: Chen, Yaolong
name: Estill, Janne
name: Zhang, Xianzhuo
name: Li, Pengfei
name: Wang, Leiqing
name: Lu, Shuya
name: Lv, Meng
name: Liu, Yunlan
name: Ren, Mengjuan
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences

description: Most of the research on smoking and human health has focused on the harmful effect of smoking on health. However, some epidemiological studies have shown that smoking has a protective effect on the occurrence of some diseases, such as Parkinson's disease. This phenomenon has attracted the attention of some researchers, and many systematic reviews and meta-analyses have been carried out. However, high quality systematic reviews can provide decision basis for clinical decision makers, while low quality systematic reviews may mislead decision makers. At present, there is no research to analyses the results and quality of systematic reviews on the protective effect of smoking, as well as the protective effect of smoking on which diseases, which is still unclear.
Capillary force-induced structural instability in liquid infiltrated elastic circular tubes
Creators: name: Yang, Y.
name: Gao, Y. F.
name: Sun, D. Y.
name: Asta, M.
name: Hoyt, J. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The capillary-induced structural instability of an elastic circular tube partially filled by a liquid is studied by combining theoretical analysis and molecular dynamics simulations. The analysis shows that, associated with the instability, there is a well-defined length scale (elasto-capillary length), which exhibits a scaling relationship with the characteristic length of the tube, regardless of the interaction details. We validate this scaling relationship for a carbon nanotube partially filled by liquid iron. The capillary-induced structural transformation could have potential applications for nano-devices.
Phase separation and ferroelectric ordering in charge frustrated LuFe2O4-x
Creators: name: Yang, H. X.
name: Tian, H. F.
name: Zhang, Y.
name: Qin, Y. B.
name: Zeng, L. J.
name: Ma, C.
name: Shi, H. L.
name: Lu, J. B.
name: Li, J. Q.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The transmission electron microscopy observations of the charge ordering (CO) which governs the electronic polarization in LuFe2O4-x clearly show the presence of a remarkable phase separation at low temperatures. Two CO ground states are found to adopt the charge modulations of Q1 = (1/3, 1/3, 0) and Q2 = (1/3 + y, 1/3 + y, 3/2), respectively. Our structural study demonstrates that the incommensurately Q2-modulated state is chiefly stable in samples with relatively lower oxygen contents. Data from theoretical simulations of the diffraction suggest that both Q1- and Q2-modulated phases have ferroelectric ordering. The effects of oxygen concentration on the phase separation and electric polarization in this layered system are discussed.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures
TESTING AND EVALUATION OF 4-WHEEL TRACTOR DRAWN SEMI-AUTOMATIC 2-ROWS POTATO PLANTER AND DIGGER FOR MECHANIZATION OF POTATO CULTIVATION
Creators: name: Sachin Kumar Mishra*, Shreemat Shrestha**, Sanjeet Kumar Jha**, Shiv Kumar Jha**, Bikash K C*, Mukti Nath Jha**, Manoj Joshi***, Dwarika Chaudhary* & Sunil Sahani*
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: This study covers the laboratory and field performance of a recently imported 4-wheel tractor operated 2-rows semi-automatic potato planter and digger. The planter was calibrated to find out the optimum seed size and was able to plant cut/flat tubers also. The variety used was Khumal Seto. The planter has two units i.e.; seed box and fertilizer box. The graded potato tubers were fed into the seed box and granular fertilizer DAP into fertilizer box. The ridge formation and planting of graded seeds and calibrated fertilizer all were done in a single operation. The field experiment was carried out at Agriculture Implement Research Station, Ranighat, Birgunj, consisting of five treatments with three replications in RCB design. The actual field capacity of the planter was 0.2 ha/hr with field efficiency of 70% at effective working width of 1.30 m and forward speed of 1.95 km/hr. The crop was harvested after 95 days of planting with tractor drawn digger. Its actual field capacity was 0.23 ha/hr with uniform digging and very less missing of tubers. The biggest size of tuber harvested was 200 gm, medium size was 50 gm and smallest size was 10 gm. The missing of small size tubers (10-15 gm) in the field during harvesting was 7 kg/ha. The average maximum tuber yield recorded was 12.95 ton/ha with machine planting at 15 cm depth and 20 cm plant to plant spacing while the minimum tuber yield recorded was 6.1 ton/ha with machine planting at 15 cm depth and 25 cm plant to plant spacing. The total operating costs (Fixed + Variable cost) of semi-automatic potato planter and digger were NRs. 1111.28/ha and NRs.1100.13/ha respectively. The total cost of sowing and digging of planter and digger were NRs.5689.75/ha and NRs.4705.00/ha respectively. There was net savings of 47% and 78% of labor cost and 70% to 60% of time saving, respectively compared to farmers' practice of potato planting and digging.
Gravitational waveforms for 2- and 3-body gravitating systems
Creators: name: Torigoe, Yuji
name: Hattori, Keisuke
name: Asada, Hideki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Different numbers of self-gravitating particles (in different types of periodic motion) are most likely to generate very different shapes of gravitational waves, some of which, however, can be accidentally almost the same. One such example is a binary and a three-body system for Lagrange's solution. To track the evolution of these similar waveforms, we define a chirp mass to the triple system. Thereby, we show that the quadrupole waveforms cannot distinguish the sources. It is suggested that waveforms with higher $\ell$-th multipoles will be important for classification of them (with a conjecture of $\ell \leq N$ for N particles).
description: 11 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in PRL
Electric/Magnetic Duality with Gauge Singlets
Creators: name: Abel, Steven
name: Barnard, James
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate how gauge singlets can be used to find new examples of Kutasov duality (i.e. where the matching of the dual theories relies on a non-zero superpotential) in N}=1 SU(N) SQCD with F_Q flavours of quark and multiple generations of adjoints, or antisymmetrics, or symmetrics. The role of the singlets is to simplify greatly the truncation of the chiral ring whilst maintaining an R-symmetry, and at the same time allowing an unambiguous identification of the elementary mesons of the magnetic theory. The dual theories satisfy all the usual tests, including the highly non-trivial 't Hooft anomaly matching conditions.
description: 31 pages, 2 figures
Quaternionic Kaehler Detour Complexes & N=2 Supersymmetric Black Holes
Creators: name: Cherney, David
name: Latini, Emanuele
name: Waldron, Andrew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study a class of supersymmetric spinning particle models derived from the radial quantization of stationary, spherically symmetric black holes of four dimensional N= 2 supergravities. By virtue of the c-map, these spinning particles move in quaternionic Kaehler manifolds. Their spinning degrees of freedom describe mini-superspace-reduced supergravity fermions. We quantize these models using BRST detour complex technology. The construction of a nilpotent BRST charge is achieved by using local (worldline) supersymmetry ghosts to generating special holonomy transformations. (An interesting byproduct of the construction is a novel Dirac operator on the superghost extended Hilbert space.) The resulting quantized models are gauge invariant field theories with fields equaling sections of special quaternionic vector bundles. They underly and generalize the quaternionic version of Dolbeault cohomology discovered by Baston. In fact, Baston's complex is related to the BPS sector of the models we write down. Our results rely on a calculus of operators on quaternionic Kaehler manifolds that follows from BRST machinery, and although directly motivated by black hole physics, can be broadly applied to any model relying on quaternionic geometry.
description: 46 pages, LaTeX
An application of Galactic parallax: the distance to the tidal stream GD-1
Creators: name: Eyre, Andy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We assess the practicality of computing the distance to stellar streams in our Galaxy, using the method of Galactic parallax suggested by Eyre & Binney (2009). We find that the uncertainty in Galactic parallax is dependent upon the specific geometry of the problem in question. In the case of the tidal stream GD-1, the problem geometry indicates that available proper motion data, with individual accuracy ~4 mas/yr, should allow estimation of its distance with about 50 percent uncertainty. Proper motions accurate to ~1 mas/yr, which are expected from the forthcoming Pan-STARRS PS-1 survey, will allow estimation of its distance to about 10 percent uncertainty. Proper motions from the future LSST and Gaia projects will be more accurate still, and will allow the parallax for a stream 30 kpc distant to be measured with ~14 percent uncertainty. We demonstrate the feasibility of the method and show that our uncertainty estimates are accurate by computing Galactic parallax using simulated data for the GD-1 stream. We also apply the method to actual data for the GD-1 stream, published by Koposov et al. (2009). With the exception of one datum, the distances estimated using Galactic parallax match photometric estimates with less than 1 kpc discrepancy. The scatter in the distances recovered using Galactic parallax is very low, suggesting that the proper motion uncertainty reported by Koposov et al. (2009) is in fact over-estimated. We conclude that the GD-1 stream is (8 +/- 1) kpc distant, on a retrograde orbit inclined 37 deg to the plane, and that the visible portion of the stream is likely to be near pericentre.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures. Submitted to Monthly Notices
Applications of metagenomic sequencing for virus detection and characterization of upper respiratory infections
Creators: name: Gauthier, Nicholas
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2024

description: The application of next-generation sequencing technologies to answer more routine diagnostic and applied microbiological questions is becoming increasingly feasible. Current reference-standard molecular diagnostic strategies are limited in that they require a priori knowledge of a pathogen’s genome. Metagenomic next generation sequencing (mNGS) is a pathogen-agnostic diagnostic approach that can be used for detection of viral pathogens and characterization of viral infections. Chapter 1 of this thesis describes technological advancements in mNGS technology for viral pathogen detection and diagnosis. This narrative review highlights technical, logistical, and translational barriers to the widespread use of this technology in clinical settings. In chapter 2, I describe the use of full-length 16S rRNA nanopore sequencing for characterization of the upper respiratory tract microbiome in hospitalized and community-dwelling individuals with and without active SARS-CoV-2 infection. We found significant differences in beta-diversity, but not alpha-diversity in our study groups and identified several differentially abundant taxa associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection status and disease severity. Chapter 3 outlines the feasibility and performance of long-read mNGS as a diagnostic tool for detection and characterization of SARS-CoV-2. We reported that mNGS is a highly specific method for SARS-CoV-2 detection and is sensitive for specimens with higher viral loads. We showed that this technology can also be used to characterize viral genomes. Finally, chapters 4 and 5 outline the development, optimization, and validation of a novel mNGS assay for detection of viral pathogens. This assay was developed to address translational barriers to mNGS adoption. We developed and clinically validated an assay that is sensitive, specific, rapid, cost-effective, and inclusive. In addition to successfully detecting four known viral pathogens, the assay detected a total of nine respiratory pathogens that were missed by conventional molecular diagnostic testing when originally tested. In summary, the work presented in this thesis highlights the feasibility of using next-generation sequencing workflows in routine clinical service for diagnosis of viral pathogens and characterization of viral infections. This thesis represents novel, applied work that contributes to the field of microbiology and can have immediate impact on clinical microbiology and diagnostic services for human and animal health and public health surveillance.
Species competition: coexistence, exclusion and clustering
Creators: name: Hernandez-Garcia, Emilio
name: Lopez, Cristobal
name: Pigolotti, Simone
name: Andersen, Ken H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present properties of Lotka-Volterra equations describing ecological competition among a large number of competing species. First we extend to the case of a non-homogeneous niche space stability conditions for solutions representing species coexistence. Second, we discuss mechanisms leading to species clustering and obtain an analytical solution for a lumped state in a specific instance of the system. We also discuss how realistic ecological interactions may result in different types of competition coefficients.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures. Replaced with published version. Freely available from the publisher site under the Creative Commons Attribution license
Dynamics of a quantum oscillator strongly and off-resonantly coupled with a two-level system
Creators: name: Sandu, Titus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Beyond the rotating-wave approximation, the dynamics of a quantum oscillator interacting strongly and off-resonantly with a two-level system exhibit beatings, whose period equals the revival time of the two-level system. On a longer time scale, the quantum oscillator shows collapses, revivals and fractional revivals, which are encountered in oscillator observables like the mean number of oscillator quanta and in the two-level inversion population. Also the scattered oscillator field shows doublets with symmetrically displaced peaks.
description: 19 pages, 5 figures
Study of a Large NaI(Tl) Crystal
Creators: name: Aguilar-Arevalo, A.
name: Aoki, M.
name: Blecher, M.
name: Bryman, D. A.
name: Doria, L.
name: Gumplinger, P.
name: Hussein, A.
name: Ito, N.
name: Kettell, S.
name: Kurchaninov, L.
name: Littenberg, L.
name: Malbrunot, C.
name: Marshall, G. M.
name: Numao, T.
name: Poutissou, R.
name: Sher, A.
name: Yamada, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using a narrow band positron beam, the response of a large high-resolution NaI(Tl) crystal to an incident positron beam was measured. It was found that nuclear interactions cause the appearance of additional peaks in the low energy tail of the deposited energy spectrum.
Additional file 1 of The efficacy of small molecule anti-angiogenic drugs in previously treated Thymic carcinoma
Creators: name: Guan, Yelan
name: Gu, Xiaodong
name: Si, Jinfei
name: Xiang, Jing
name: Wei, Jingwen
name: Hao, Yue
name: Wang, Wenxian
name: Sun, Yan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Table 1. Univariate COX regression analysis of PFS and OS.
title: Lessons learned from the commissioning/management of CSP MS plants operation
title: SALTOpower | Fast-Track School #1 | Molten Salt technologies and energy system applications
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Russo, Valeria
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Presentation carried out within the scope of Fast-Track School #1 of the SALTOpower project, on "Molten Salt technologies and energy system applications", specifically "Lessons learned from the commissioning/management of CSP MS plants operation" by researcher Valeria Russo, ENEA.
Growing and Serving Large Open-domain Knowledge Graphs
Creators: name: Ilyas, Ihab F.
name: Lacerda, JP
name: Li, Yunyao
name: Minhas, Umar Farooq
name: Mousavi, Ali
name: Pound, Jeffrey
name: Rekatsinas, Theodoros
name: Sumanth, Chiraag
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Applications of large open-domain knowledge graphs (KGs) to real-world problems pose many unique challenges. In this paper, we present extensions to Saga our platform for continuous construction and serving of knowledge at scale. In particular, we describe a pipeline for training knowledge graph embeddings that powers key capabilities such as fact ranking, fact verification, a related entities service, and support for entity linking. We then describe how our platform, including graph embeddings, can be leveraged to create a Semantic Annotation service that links unstructured Web documents to entities in our KG. Semantic annotation of the Web effectively expands our knowledge graph with edges to open-domain Web content which can be used in various search and ranking problems. Finally, we leverage annotated Web documents to drive Open-domain Knowledge Extraction. This targeted extraction framework identifies important coverage issues in the KG, then finds relevant data sources for target entities on the Web and extracts missing information to enrich the KG. Finally, we describe adaptations to our knowledge platform needed to construct and serve private personal knowledge on-device. This includes private incremental KG construction, cross-device knowledge sync, and global knowledge enrichment.
description: To be published in SIGMOD 2023
Adaptive Scheduling of Data Paths using Uppaal Tiga
Creators: name: AlAttili, Israa
name: Houben, Fred
name: Igna, Georgeta
name: Michels, Steffen
name: Zhu, Feng
name: Vaandrager, Frits
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Formal Languages and Automata Theory (cs.FL)
subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Performance (cs.PF)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We apply Uppaal Tiga to automatically compute adaptive scheduling strategies for an industrial case study dealing with a state-of-the-art image processing pipeline of a printer. As far as we know, this is the first application of timed automata technology to an industrial scheduling problem with uncertainty in job arrivals.
An exploration of finite element-based methods for predicting the distortion in additive manufactured metallic components
Creators: name: Pourabdollah, Pegah
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2024

description: This thesis investigates the key factors required to efficiently predict distortion using numerical methods in two metal Additive Manufacturing (AM) processes: Laser-based, Powder-fed Directed Energy Deposition (LP-DED) and Electron Beam Powder Bed Fusion (EB-PBF). For LP-DED, a part-scale thermomechanical model was developed to predict distortion, incorporating layer agglomeration and time-averaged heat input for computational efficiency. A new approach was developed in which the deposited material was activated at an initial temperature above the solidus to generate plastic strain. The energy input from the beam was adjusted for the enthalpy of deposited material, ensuring a correct system heat input. Additionally, a material-centric approach accounted for the thermal strain mismatch between the deposited material and the start plate, contributing to part distortion. The model was validated against experimental data. Three models were developed for EB-PBF. First, a novel system-scale thermal cavity radiation model was formulated, which included component fabrication to predict heat transport within the built chamber and component. The model incorporated layer agglomeration and time-averaged heat inputs for each computational layer, calculated based on EB-PBF system data considering beam efficiency and enthalpy associated with activating layers at preheat temperature. Experimental data was used to validate the model. The second model conducted a thermomechanical analysis of a component with overhang features fabricated using EB-PBF. It incorporated layer agglomeration, time-averaged heat input, and an Inherent Strain (IS) strategy. Using a new approach, the IS values were applied as initial anisotropic thermal strains at layer activation, establishing static equilibrium layer by layer. By adjusting IS values, the model was tuned to predict the experimentally measured distortion. Lastly, a sub-domain thermomechanical model was developed to explore the role of substrate temperature in plastic strain generation. It described a small region, including the substrate and four powder layers. The thermomechanical properties were defined as a function of temperature and material form. Additionally, the yield stress was defined as a function of strain rate, which was found to be important. A linear regression model was proposed to link substrate temperature to plastic strain, which may be used to estimate in-part variation in the IS.
Optimized Tersoff and Brenner empirical potential parameters for lattice dynamics and phonon thermal transport in carbon nanotubes and graphene
Creators: name: Lindsay, L.
name: Broido, D. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have examined the commonly used Tersoff and Brenner empirical interatomic potentials in the context of the phonon dispersions in graphene. We have found a parameter set for each empirical potential that provides improved fits to some structural data and to the in-plane phonon dispersion data for graphite. These optimized parameter sets yield values of the acoustic phonon velocities that are in better agreement with measured data. They also provide lattice thermal conductivity values in single-walled carbon nanotubes that are considerably improved compared to those obtained from the original parameter sets.
EFFECTIVE USE OF ACTION GAMES IN IMPROVING THE PHYSICAL FITNESS OF YOUNG VOLLEYBALL PLAYERS
Creators: name: Mamatov Pahlavon Urayimjon Teacher of National Research University "Tashkent Institute of Irrigation and Agricultural Mechanization Engineers"
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: The article contains information about the use of mobile games as a physical tool to improve the physical fitness of young volleyball players, as well as information about the series of national mobile games.

 Key words: young volleyball players, physical training, action games, technical training.
Singlet-triplet transitions in highly correlated nanowire quantum dots
Creators: name: Chen, Y. T.
name: Chao, C. C.
name: Huang, S. Y.
name: Tang, C. S.
name: Cheng, S. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a quantum dot embedded in a three-dimensional nanowire with tunable aspect ratio a. A configuration interaction theory is developed to calculate the energy spectra of the finite 1D quantum dot systems charged with two electrons in the presence of magnetic fields B along the wire axis. Fruitful singlet-triplet transition behaviors are revealed and explained in terms of the competing exchange interaction, correlation interaction, and spin Zeeman energy. In the high aspect ratio regime, the singlet-triplet transitions are shown designable by tuning the parameters a and B. The transitions also manifest the highly correlated nature of long nanowire quantum dots.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Second-order correlation and squeezing of photons in cavities with ultrastrong magnon-photon interactions
Creators: name: Falch, Vemund
name: Brataas, Arne
name: Qaiumzadeh, Alireza
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the second-order photon correlation function in cavity-magnon systems, focusing on ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic cavities within the ultrastrong coupling regime, and extending beyond the rotating-wave approximation. By deriving exact integral solutions for the second-order correlation function, we demonstrate that counter-rotating magnon-photon interactions induce quadrature squeezing in the cavity mode. Furthermore, we show that tuning the anisotropic magnon-cavity couplings enhances the squeezing effect by changing the level repulsion of the magnon-cavity photon hybrid mode without increasing the cavity photon occupation number. Our study reveals distinct quantum correlation behaviors in ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic cavities: For ferromagnetic cavities, we show that squeezing increases with coupling strength asymmetry, whereas in the antiferromagnetic case, magnon modes with opposite chirality suppress quantum effects and impose a lower bound on correlation functions. These findings provide a pathway to optimize photon blockade for quantum information technology in magnon-cavity systems in the ultrastrong coupling limit.
description: 14 pages, 6 figures
Optics of Rotating Systems
Creators: name: Mashhoon, Bahram
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electrodynamics of rotating systems is expected to exhibit novel nonlocal features that come about when acceleration-induced nonlocality is introduced into the special relativity theory in conformity with the Bohr-Rosenfeld principle. The implications of nonlocality for the amplitude and frequency of electromagnetic radiation received by uniformly rotating observers are investigated.
description: 8 pages, dedicated to the memory of John A. Wheeler, v2: slightly expanded version accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. A
Dynamical Masses in Modified Gravity
Creators: name: Schmidt, Fabian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Differences in masses inferred from dynamics, such as velocity dispersions or X-rays, and those inferred from lensing are a generic prediction of modified gravity theories. Viable models however must include some non-linear mechanism to restore General Relativity (GR) in dense environments, which is necessary to pass Solar System constraints on precisely these deviations. In this paper, we study the dynamics within virialized structures in the context of two modified gravity models, f(R) gravity and DGP. The non-linear mechanisms to restore GR, which f(R) and DGP implement in very different ways, have a strong impact on the dynamics in bound objects; they leave distinctive signatures in the dynamical mass-lensing mass relation as a function of mass and radius. We present measurements from N-body simulations of f(R) and DGP, as well as semi-analytical models which match the simulation results to surprising accuracy in both cases. The semi-analytical models are useful for making the connection to observations. Our results confirm that the environment- and scale-dependence of the modified gravity effects have to be taken into account when confronting gravity theories with observations of dynamics in galaxies and clusters.
description: 18 pages, 16 figures; submitted to PRD; v2: typos corrected, references added, minor additions (Sec. IID)
Directional Coupling for Quantum Computing and Communication
Creators: name: Nikolopoulos, Georgios M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce the concept of directional coupling, i.e., the selective transfer of a state between adjacent quantum wires, in the context of quantum computing and short-distance communication. Our analysis rests upon a mathematical analogy between a dual-channel directional coupler and a composite spin system.
description: close to the published version
Quality of milk and Physico-Chemical Properties of Khoa
Creators: name: Binod Kumar Bharti1, Bipin Kumar Singh2 and Rajni Kant3
Publisher: name: The Science world a Monthly e magazine
Year: 2023

description: Khoa, khoya, khowa or mawa is a traditional dairy product is widely used in the cuisines of the Indian subcontinent, Bangladesh, Nepal and Pakistan. Mawa means the product obtained from cow or buffalo or goat or sheep milk or milk solids or a combination thereof by rapid drying. The milk fat content shall not be less than 30 percent on dry weight basis of the finish products. It may contain citric acid not more than 0.1% by weight. It shall be free from added starch, added sugar and added colouring matter (FSSAI, 2011).  Khoa is a heat-desiccated Indian traditional milk product prepared by continuous heating of milk until the desired concentration of milk solids about 60–70% is achieved (Kumar et al. 2016). The Bureau of Indian Standards has provided legal standards for different types of Khoa like Pindi, Dhap and Danedar in terms of fat, total solids, ash, acidity, coliforms and yeast and mould counts (IS 1980). These varieties are used for making value added khoa based milk products like peda, burfi, kalakand, gulabjamun etc. (Choudhary 2015; Choudhary et al. 2017).
Fuzzy Temporal Protoforms for the Quantitative Description of Processes in Natural Language
Creators: name: Fontenla-Seco, Yago
name: Bugarín-Diz, Alberto
name: Lama, Manuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we propose a series of fuzzy temporal protoforms in the framework of the automatic generation of quantitative and qualitative natural language descriptions of processes. The model includes temporal and causal information from processes and attributes, quantifies attributes in time during the process life-span and recalls causal relations and temporal distances between events, among other features. Through integrating process mining techniques and fuzzy sets within the usual Data-to-Text architecture, our framework is able to extract relevant quantitative temporal as well as structural information from a process and describe it in natural language involving uncertain terms. A real use-case in the cardiology domain is presented, showing the potential of our model for providing natural language explanations addressed to domain experts.
description: Accepted and published in FUZZ-IEEE 2021: https://doi.org/10.1109/FUZZ45933.2021.9494444 Cite as: Y. Fontenla-Seco, A. Bugarin and M. Lama, "Fuzzy Temporal Protoforms for the Quantitative Description of Processes in Natural Language," 2021 IEEE International Conference on Fuzzy Systems (FUZZ-IEEE), Luxembourg, Luxembourg, 2021, pp. 1-6, doi: 10.1109/FUZZ45933.2021.9494444
Massless radiation from heavy rotating string and Kerr/string correspondence
Creators: name: Matsuo, Toshihiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate emission rates of a massless state from a highly excited rotating string in perturbative bosonic open string theory. By averaging huge degeneracies of initial string states with specifying the mass and a single component of the angular momentum, we find thermal spectrum in a wide range of the angular momentum. We derive the temperature that characterizes the thermal spectrum from the partition function of a single rotating string from which we also find the entropy and the angular velocity of rotating strings. We also argue based on these quantities the Horowitz-Polchinski correspondence principle between rotating strings/Kerr black holes for non-extremal as well as extremal cases. In the parameter region where the Kerr black holes exist, the thermal spectrum is comparable to scalar emissions from a rotating black hole.
description: 21 pages, minor corrections, version to appear in Nucl.Phys. B
Independently Tunable Flat Bands and Correlations in a Graphene Double Moiré System
Creators: name: Wang, Yimeng
name: Zhu, Jihang
name: Burg, G. William
name: Swain, Anand
name: Watanabe, Kenji
name: Taniguchi, Takashi
name: Zheng, Yuebing
name: MacDonald, Allan H.
name: Tutuc, Emanuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on a double moiré system consisting of four graphene layers, where the top and bottom pairs form small-twist-angle bilayer graphene, and the middle interface has a large rotational mismatch. This system shows clear signatures of two sets of spatially separated flat bands associated with the top and bottom twisted bilayer graphene (TBG) subsystems, each independently tunable. Thermodynamic analysis reveals weak correlations between layers that allow the chemical potential to be measured as a function of carrier density for each constituent TBG. We find that correlated insulating states at integer number of electrons per moiré unit cell are most robust near magic angle, whereas gapped states at neutrality are more robust at larger twist angles.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, includes supplemental material
title: ANALYTICAL DESCRIPTION OF QUANTUM EFFECTS AT CURRENT FILAMENTATION IN CHALCOGENIDE GLASSES
Creators: name: Sovtus, N.
name: Mynbaev , K.
Publisher: name: Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University
Year: 2020

description: Quantum effects occurring during current filamentation in a chalcogenide glass are
considered. Under the conditions considered, the current filament appears as a set of
concentric tubes with different temperatures. In every tube, the electron has a specific wave
function and a specific energy level. The radii of the tubes appear to be proportional to natural
numbers n. The dependence of maximal temperature on the electrical field is obtained. The
Schroedinger equation is reduced to the first order differential equation. The type of energy of
an electron at the tube is close to exciton energy dependence. The potential energy of an
electron is described with the first order polynom of temperature. The temperature distribution
in the filament is shown as an interference of the electron.
Markovian Testing Equivalence and Exponentially Timed Internal Actions
Creators: name: Bernardo, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Performance (cs.PF)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In the theory of testing for Markovian processes developed so far, exponentially timed internal actions are not admitted within processes. When present, these actions cannot be abstracted away, because their execution takes a nonzero amount of time and hence can be observed. On the other hand, they must be carefully taken into account, in order not to equate processes that are distinguishable from a timing viewpoint. In this paper, we recast the definition of Markovian testing equivalence in the framework of a Markovian process calculus including exponentially timed internal actions. Then, we show that the resulting behavioral equivalence is a congruence, has a sound and complete axiomatization, has a modal logic characterization, and can be decided in polynomial time.
On the Local Solvability of Darboux's Equation
Creators: name: Khuri, Marcus A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We reduce the question of local nonsolvability of the Darboux equation, and hence of the isometric embedding problem for surfaces, to the local nonsolvability of a simple linear equation whose type is explicitly determined by the Gaussian curvature.
Strong coupling impurity solver based on quantics tensor cross interpolation
Creators: name: Kim, Aaram J.
name: Werner, Philipp
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Numerical methods capable of handling nonequilibrium impurity models are essential for the study of transport problems and the solution of the nonequilibrium dynamical mean field theory (DMFT) equations. In the strong correlation regime, the self-consistently resummed hybridization expansion is an appealing strategy, which however has been employed so far mainly in the lowest-order noncrossing approximation. At higher orders, standard implementations become numerically costly, but a significant speed-up can be achieved by evaluating multidimensional integrals in an approximate factorized form. Here we develop a one-crossing approximation solver based on the recently introduced quantics tensor cross interpolation, and demonstrate its accuracy and efficiency with applications to the Anderson impurity model and nonequilibrium steady-state DMFT calculations for the Hubbard model.
description: 12 pages, 12 figures
All-atom relativistic molecular dynamics simulations of channeling and radiation processes in oriented crystals
Creators: name: Korol, Andrei V.
name: Sushko, Gennady B.
name: Solov'yov, Andrey V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review achievements made in recent years in the field of numerical modeling of ultra-relativistic projectiles propagation in oriented crystals, radiation emission and related phenomena. This topic is highly relevant to the problem of designing novel gamma-ray light sources based on the exposure of oriented crystals to the beams of ultra-relativistic charged particles. The paper focuses on the approaches that allow for advanced computation exploration beyond the continuous potential and the binary collisions frameworks. A comprehensive description of the multiscale all-atom relativistic molecular dynamics approach implemented in the MBN Explorer package is given. Several case studies related to modeling of ultra-relativistic projectiles (electrons, positron and pions) channeling and photon emission in oriented straight, bent and periodically bent crystals are presented. In most cases, the input data used in the simulations, such as crystal orientation and thickness, the bending radii, periods and amplitudes, as well as the energies of the projectiles, have been chosen to match the parameters used in the accomplished and the ongoing experiments. Wherever available the results of calculations are compared with the experimental data and/or the data obtained by other numerical means.
description: 60 pages, 34 figures
title: Finite Element Analysis Investigation of Hybrid Thin-Ply Composites for Improved Performance of Aerospace Structures
Creators: name: Zahn, Alana M.
Publisher: name: Old Dominion University Libraries
Year: 2020

description: Commercial and private aircraft have a need for strong yet light materials in order to have the most ideal performance possible. This study looks at the use of thin-ply composite materials to improve the performance of aircraft structures by means of weight savings and/or strength increase when compared to laminates that are composed of exclusively standard-ply materials. In order to perform an investigation based solely on finite element analysis, validation efforts were performed using test data from open hole tension, open hole compression, notched tension, and notched compression specimens. Once the models were validated sufficiently, the same modeling practices were used to compare laminates with varying ply angle orientations and various laminate stacking sequences. Initial investigations showed that for a one-to-one comparison of standard-ply laminates to hybrid laminates, there can be up to a 10% tensile load advantage, as well as an over 40% compressive load advantage when considering the final failure load of a small notched specimen. Secondary investigations showed that changing the ply angle orientation away from a more typical 45° ply to angles at various increments of 10° and 15° can yield both tensile and compressive advantages simultaneously. A final investigation determined that by adding or removing certain plies from the laminate, the previously mentioned tension and compression advantages can be expanded upon for failure load advantages up to 65% higher than baseline specimens, as well as the ability to potentially change failure modes. All of these load and damage mechanism advantages also come with the added benefit of weight savings between 10-25% of the baseline specimen original weight. The study presented herein shows initial successes in determining laminates that will reduce weight while increasing strength under various loading conditions.