cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Through the eyes of a descriptor: Constructing complete, invertible descriptions of atomic environments
Creators: name: Uhrin, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we apply methods for describing 3D images to the problem of encoding atomic environments in a way that is invariant to rotations, translations, and permutations of the atoms and, crucially, can be decoded back into the original environment modulo global orientation without the need for training a model. From the point of view of decoding, the descriptor is optimally complete and can be extended to arbitrary order, allowing for a systematic convergence of the fidelity of the description. In experiments on molecules ranging from 3 to 29 atoms in size, we demonstrate that positions can be decoded with a 97% success rate and positions plus species with a 70% rate of success, rising to 95% if a second fingerprint is used. In all cases, consistent recovery is observed for molecules with 17 or fewer atoms. Additionally, we evaluate the descriptor's performance in predicting the energies and forces of bulk Ni, Cu, Li, Mo, Si and Ge by means of a neural network model trained on DFT data. When comparing to six machine learning interaction potential methods that use various descriptors and regression schemes our descriptor is found be to competitive, in several cases outperforming well established methods. The combined ability to both decode and make property predictions from a representation that does not need to be learned lays the foundations for a novel way of building generative models that are tasked with solving the inverse problem of predicting atomic arrangements that are statistically likely to have certain desired properties.
description: 25 pages, 8 figures
Phase Entrainment by Periodic Stimuli In Silico: A Quantitative Study
Creators: name: Sasi, Swapna
name: Bhattacharya, Basabdatta Sen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We present a quantitative study of phase entrainment by periodic visual stimuli in a biologically inspired neural network. The objective is to understand the neuronal population dynamics that underlie phase entrainment of brain oscillations by external stimuli, which is used for therapeutic treatment in neurological disorders, for example in Parkinsonian tremor. Yet, the neuronal dynamics underpinning such entrainment is not fully understood. Rhythmic sensory stimulation is one way of studying phase synchronization in the brain. A recent experimental study has reported phase entrainment of brain oscillations during steady state visually evoked potentials (SSVEP), which are scalp electroencephalogram corresponding to periodic stimuli. We have simulated SSVEP-like signals corresponding to periodic pulse input to our in silico model. We have used phase locking values, normalised Shannon entropy and conditional probability as synchronisation indices to show phase synchrony in the neuronal populations. Our experiment demonstrates that the phase synchronisation disappears with jitter in the input inter-pulse intervals, and this would not be the case if the output signal were to be the superposition of the responses to the different input signals. Thus, the phase synchronisation implies entrainment of the network response by the periodic input. Overall, our study shows the plausibility of using biologically inspired in silico models, validated by experimental works, to understand and make testable predictions on brain entrainment as a therapeutic treatment in specific neurological disorders.
description: 36 pages, 10 figures
Water vapour in the atmosphere of a transiting extrasolar planet
Creators: name: Tinetti, Giovanna
name: Vidal-Madjar, Alfred
name: Liang, Mao-Chang
name: Beaulieu, Jean-Philippe
name: Yung, Yuk
name: Carey, Sean
name: Barber, Robert J.
name: Tennyson, Jonathan
name: Ribas, Ignasi
name: Allard, Nicole
name: Ballester, Gilda E.
name: Sing, David K.
name: Selsis, Franck
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Water is predicted to be among, if not the most abundant molecular species after hydrogen in the atmospheres of close-in extrasolar giant planets (hot-Jupiters) Several attempts have been made to detect water on an exoplanet, but have failed to find compelling evidence for it or led to claims that should be taken with caution. Here we report an analysis of recent observations of the hot-Jupiter HD189733b taken during the transit, where the planet passed in front of its parent star. We find that absorption by water vapour is the most likely cause of the wavelength-dependent variations in the effective radius of the planet at the infrared wavelengths 3.6, 5.8 and 8 microns. The larger effective radius observed at visible wavelengths may be due to either star variability or the presence of clouds/hazes. We explain the most recent thermal infrared observations of the planet during secondary transit behind the star, reporting a non-detection of water on HD189733b, as being a consequence of the nearly isothermal vertical profile of the planet.s atmosphere. Our results show that water is detectable on extrasolar planets using the primary transit technique and that the infrared should be a better wavelength region than the visible, for such searches.
Η σκηνογραφία στην Ελλάδα του Μεσοπολέμου:
Creators: name: Κωνσταντινάκου, Παναγιώτα Ν.
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2013
Subjects: Σκηνογραφία
Μεσοπόλεμος
Μοντερνισμός
Ελληνικότητα
Scenography
Interwar period
Modernism
Greekness

description: Στόχος της διατριβής είναι να παρουσιάσει και να αναλύσει τη σκηνογραφική δραστηριότητα στην Ελλάδα του Μεσοπολέμου (1918-1940) ως μια δραστηριότητα που εντάσσεται στο θεατρικό αλλά και στο γενικότερο πολιτισμικό γίγνεσθαι της εποχής. Συγκεκριμένα, εξετάζει την οργάνωση της σκηνογραφικής δραστηριότητας και τη θέση της σκηνογραφικής παρουσίας στη θεατρική πραγματικότητα της εποχής• τις καταβολές, τις ιδιότητες και τις δικαιοδοσίες των προσώπων που εμπλέκονται στη σκηνογραφική διαδικασία• τα τεχνικά και υλικά μέσα καθώς και τους χώρους που είχαν στη διάθεσή τους• τις αισθητικές επιδιώξεις και πραγματοποιήσεις τους αλλά και τις ιδεολογικές παραμέτρους που καθόρισαν το σύνολο της σκηνογραφικής παραγωγής της εποχής. Το κείμενο της διατριβής συνοδεύεται από τρία παραρτήματα: Στο Παράρτημα Ι «Πίνακας εικόνων – Εικόνες – Πηγές εικόνων» συγκεντρώνεται η οπτική τεκμηρίωση της διατριβής. Στο Παράρτημα ΙΙ «Βιογραφικά σημειώματα σκηνογράφων» συγκεντρώνονται πληροφορίες για τους περισσότερους σκηνογράφους που δραστηριοποιήθηκαν στο ελληνικό θέατρο του Μεσοπολέμου. Αναλυτική παραστασιογραφία όλων των σκηνογράφων θα βρει ο αναγνώστης στο Μέρος ΙΙΙ του Παραρτήματος «Πίνακας επώνυμων σκηνογραφιών (1918-1940)».
description: The aim of the present dissertation is to study the scenographic activity of interwar Greece (1918-1940) in the theatrical as well as in the broader cultural context. In particular, it examines the regularity of scenographic activity and the role of the scenographer in interwar Greek theatre; the origins and the legitimate rights of the scenographers; the technical and material means as well as the venues at their disposal and finally the aesthetics and the ideology of the scenographic output of the era. Three Appendices are included: Appendix I («Table of illustrations – Illustrations – Sources of illustrations») gathers all relevant visual material; Appendix II («Scenographers' biographical notes») contains information on most of interwar Greek scenographers; Appendix III («Table of performances (1918-1940)») includes the list of all interwar Greek performances that are signed by a designer.
Coalescence of polymeric sessile drops on a partially wettable substrate
Creators: name: Varma, Sarath Chandra
name: Saha, Aniruddha
name: Kumar, Aloke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Coalescence of sessile polymeric fluid drops on a partially wettable substrate exhibits a transition from inertial to viscoelastic regime at concentration ratio $c/c^* \sim 1$. Our findings unveil that the temporal evolution of the growing bridge height follows a power-law behaviour $t^b$, such that the coefficient $b$ continuously decreases from 2/3 in the inertial regime ($c/c^*<1$) to an asymptotic value of 1/2 in the visco-elastic regime ($c/c^*>1$). To account for fluid elasticity and characteristic time-scale in the viscoelastic regime, a modified thin film equation under lubrication approximation has been proposed using the linear Phan-Thien- Tanner constitutive equation. The temporal evolution of the droplet has been evaluated by solving the modified one-dimensional thin-film equation using a marching explicit scheme. The initial droplet shapes are obtained by re-sorting to energy minimization. A good agreement between numerical and experimental results is obtained.
Low regularity local well-posedness of the Derivative Nonlinear Schrödinger Equation with periodic initial data
Creators: name: Grünrock, A.
name: Herr, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35Q55

description: The Cauchy problem for the derivative nonlinear Schrödinger equation with periodic boundary condition is considered. Local well-posedness for periodic initial data u_0 in the space ^H^s_r, defined by the norms ||u_0||_{^H^s_r}=||^s ^u_0||_{l^r'} is shown in the parameter range s>= 1/2, 2>r>4/3. The proof is based on an adaptation of the gauge transform to the periodic setting and an appropriate variant of the Fourier restriction norm method.
description: 29 pages, 1 figure
Excision without excision: the relativistic turducken
Creators: name: Brown, David
name: Sarbach, Olivier
name: Schnetter, Erik
name: Tiglio, Manuel
name: Diener, Peter
name: Hawke, Ian
name: Pollney, Denis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: to turducken (turduckens, turduckening, turduckened, turduckened) [math.]: To stuff a black hole. We analyze and apply an alternative to black hole excision based on smoothing the interior of black holes with arbitrary - possibly constraint violating - initial data, and solving the vacuum Einstein evolution equations everywhere. By deriving the constraint propagation system for our hyperbolic formulation of the BSSN evolution system we rigorously prove that the constraints propagate causally and so any constraint violations introduced inside the black holes cannot affect the exterior spacetime. (This does not follow from the causal structure of the spacetime as is often assumed.) We present numerical evolutions of Cook-Pfeiffer binary black hole initial configurations showing that these techniques appear to work robustly for generic data. We also present numerical evidence from spherically symmetric evolutions that for the gauge conditions used the same stationary end-state is approached irrespective of the choice of initial data and smoothing procedure.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures. Uses improved smoothing procedure for initial data. A free turduckening implementation is available from the authors by anonymous CVS from :pserver:cvs_anon@cvs.aei.mpg.de:/numrelcvs as AEIThorns/NoExcision; use the password "anon"
Renormalization Group in Six-derivative Quantum Gravity
Creators: name: Rachwal, Leslaw
name: Modesto, Leonardo
name: Pinzul, Aleksandr
name: Shapiro, Ilya L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The exact one-loop beta functions for the four-derivative terms (Weyl tensor squared, Ricci scalar squared and the Gauss-Bonnet) are derived for the minimal six-derivative quantum gravity (QG) theory in four spacetime dimensions. The calculation is performed by means of the Barvinsky and Vilkovisky generalized Schwinger-DeWitt technique. With this result we gain, for the first time, the full set of the relevant beta functions in a super-renormalizable model of QG. The complete set of renormalization group (RG) equations, including also those for the Newton and the cosmological constant, is solved explicitly in the general case and for the six-derivative Lee-Wick (LW) quantum gravity proposed in a previous paper by two of the authors. In the ultraviolet regime, the minimal theory is shown to be asymptotically free and describes free gravitons in Minkowski or (anti-) de Sitter ((A)dS) backgrounds, depending on the initial conditions for the RG equations. The ghostlike states appear in complex conjugate pairs at any energy scale consistently with the LW prescription. However, owing to the running, these ghosts may become tachyons. We argue that an extension of the theory that involves operators cubic in Riemann tensor may change the beta functions and hence be capable of overcoming this problem.
description: 27 pages, discussion and some comments added, citations added, spelling mistakes corrected; coincides with the journal version
In vitro translation of cucumber necrosis virus RNA
Creators: name: Johnston, Julie Catherine
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The in vitro translation products directed by cucumber necrosis virus (CNV) RNA were analyzed in both rabbit reticulocyte lysate and wheat germ extract cell-free translation systems. In rabbit reticulocyte lysates, one major protein of ca. 33 Mr was produced. In wheat germ extracts, four proteins of ca. 41, 33, 21 and 20 Mr were produced. Hybrid-arrested translation (HART) studies using synthetic CNV antisense RNA corresponding to the entire CNV genome demonstrated that the four major proteins synthesized from CNV virion RNA in wheat germ extracts are virus-specific translation products. The genomic locations of the CNV in vitro translation products were determined using a number of experimental approaches including: (1) HART using antisense RNA corresponding to selected regions of the CNV genome; (2) in vitro translation of synthetic messenger-sense CNV transcripts; (3) immunoprecipitation of in vitro translation products with CNV polyclonal antisera and (4) in vitro translation of size-fractionated CNV virion RNA. Together, these experiments demonstrated that the ca. 33 Mr protein is derived from the 5' proximal coding region, the ca. 41 Mr protein is derived from an internal coding region, and that at least one but probably both of the ca. 20 and 21 Mr proteins are derived from the 3' terminal coding region(s) of the CNV genome. In addition, immunoprecipitation experiments provided further evidence that the ca. 41 Mr protein is the viral coat protein. The size, number, and genomic locations of the CNV in vitro translation products reported here are in agreement with those predicted from nucleotide sequence data (Rochon & Tremaine, 1989). The natural template for the expression of downstream cistrons in the CNV genome was investigated by in vitro translation of sucrose fractionated CNV virion RNA as well as in vitro translation of messenger-sense synthetic transcripts. These studies indicate that in vitro, both subgenomic and genomic-length CNV RNA molecules may act as templates for the synthesis of the ca. 41,21 and 20 Mr proteins as well as the ca. 33 Mr protein.
A Possible Stellar Metallic Enhancement in Post-T Tauri Stars by a Planetesimal Bombardment
Creators: name: Winter, O. C.
name: de la Reza, R.
name: Domingos, R. C.
name: Boldrin, L. A. G.
name: Chavero, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The photospheres of stars hosting planets have larger metallicity than stars lacking planets. In the present work we study the possibility of an earlier metal enrichment of the photospheres by means of impacting planetesimals during the first 20-30Myr. Here we explore this contamination process by simulating the interactions of an inward migrating planet with a disc of planetesimal interior to its orbit. The results show the percentage of planetesimals that fall on the star. We identified the dependence of the planet's eccentricity ($e_p$) and time scale of migration ($τ$) on the rate of infalling planetesimals. For very fast migrations ($τ=10^2$yr and $τ=10^3$yr) there is no capture in mean motion resonances, independently of the value of $e_p$. Then, due to the planet's migration the planetesimals suffer close approaches with the planet and more than 80% of them are ejected from the system. For slow migrations ($τ=10^5$yr and $τ=10^6$yr) the percentage of collisions with the planet decrease with the increase of the planet's eccentricity. For $e_p=0$ and $e_p=0.1$ most of the planetesimals were captured in the 2:1 resonance and more than 65% of them collided with the star. Whereas migration of a Jupiter mass planet to very short pericentric distances requires unrealistic high disc masses, these requirements are much smaller for smaller migrating planets. Our simulations for a slowly migrating 0.1 $M_{\rm Jupiter}$ planet, even demanding a possible primitive disc three times more massive than a primitive solar nebula, produces maximum [Fe/H] enrichments of the order of 0.18 dex. These calculations open possibilities to explain hot Jupiters exoplanets metallicities.
description: Accepted for publication by Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Safety and immunogenicity of inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in people living with HIV
Creators: name: Ao, Ling
name: Lu, Ting
name: Cao, Yu
name: Chen, Zhiwei
name: Wang, Yuting
name: Li, Zisheng
name: Ren, Xingqian
name: Xu, Pan
name: Peng, Mingli
name: Chen, Min
name: Zhang, Gaoli
name: Xiang, Dejuan
name: Cai, Dachuan
name: Hu, Peng
name: Shi, Xiaofeng
name: Zhang, Dazhi
name: Ren, Hong
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: It is important to know the safety and efficacy of vaccination in immunocompromised people living with HIV (PLWH), but currently, there is limited data on the inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccines’ safety and immune responses in PLWH. In this prospective observational study, 139 PLWH and 120 healthy controls were enrolled and monitored for 21–105 days after a two-dose vaccination. The safety, anti-receptor binding domain IgG (anti-RBD-IgG) and anti-spike-IgG responses, and RBD-specific memory B cell (MBC) responses were evaluated. The overall adverse events within seven days were reported in 12.9% (18/139) of PLWH and 13.3% (16/120) of healthy controls. No serious adverse events occurred in both groups. Overall, the seroprevalence of anti-RBD-IgG in PLWH was significantly decreased (87.1% vs. 99.2%; p<0.001). The geometric mean end-point titer (GMT) of anti-RBD-IgG in PLWH was also reduced, especially in patients with CD4 counts <200 cells/µL, regardless of age, gender, or HIV viral load. GMTs of anti-RBD-IgG in both PLWH and healthy controls declined gradually over time. Similar results were also observed in the anti-spike-IgG response. The frequency of RBD-specific MBCs in PLWH decreased (p<0.05), and then remained stable over time. Lastly, through multivariate analysis, we found the factors that predicted a less robust response to inactivated vaccines in PLWH were a low CD4 count and long time interval after vaccination. In conclusion, inactivated vaccines are well-tolerated in PLWH but with low immunogenicity. Therefore, SARS-CoV-2 vaccines and booster doses should be given priority in PLWH, especially in patients with low CD4 counts. Trial registration:ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT05043129..
Event rate predictions of strongly lensed gravitational waves with detector networks and more realistic templates
Creators: name: Yang, Lilan
name: Wu, Shichao
name: Liao, Kai
name: Ding, Xuheng
name: You, Zhiqiang
name: Cao, Zhoujian
name: Biesiada, Marek
name: Zhu, Zong-Hong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Strong lensing of gravitational waves (GWs) is attracting growing attention of the community. The event rates of lensed GWs by galaxies were predicted in numerous papers, which used some approximations to evaluate the GW strains detectable by a single detector. The joint-detection of GW signals by a network of instruments will increase the detecting ability of fainter and farther GW signals, which could increase the detection rate of the lensed GWs, especially for the 3rd generation detectors, e.g., Einstein Telescope (ET) and Cosmic Explorer (CE). Moreover, realistic GW templates will improve the accuracy of the prediction. In this work, we consider the detection of galaxy-scale lensed GW events under the 2nd, 2.5th, and 3rd generation detectors with the network scenarios and adopt the realistic templates to simulate GW signals. Our forecast is based on the Monte Carlo technique which enables us to take Earth's rotation into consideration. We find that the overall detection rate is improved, especially for the 3rd generation detector scenarios. More precisely, it increases by ~37% adopting realistic templates, and under network detection strategy, further increases by ~58% comparing with adoption of the realistic templates, and we estimate that the 3rd generation GW detectors will detect hundreds lensed events per year. The effect from the Earth's rotation is weakened in the detector network strategy.
description: 7pages, 1 figure, accepted by MNRAS
Dirac quantization and baryon intrinsic frequencies in hypersphere soliton model
Creators: name: Hong, Soon-Tae
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantizing a soliton on a hypersphere, we obtain the first class Hamiltonian, and evaluate the baryon physical quantities which are in good agreement with the corresponding experimental data. In particular, we find that the predicted value for axial coupling constant is comparable to its experimental value. The prediction for delta baryon mass possessing the Weyl ordering correction obtained in the first class Dirac quantization is improved comparing with that in the second class canonical quantization performed on the hypersphere. Making use of the same input parameters associated with the baryon masses, we also investigate the hypersphere soliton and standard Skyrmion models to compare the corresponding predictions for the physical quantities effectively. Next, we evaluate the intrinsic frequencies of the pulsating baryons. We thus find that the intrinsic pulsating frequency of more massive particle is greater than that of the less massive one. We explicitly evaluate the intrinsic frequencies $ω_{N}=0.87\times 10^{23}~{\rm sec}^{-1}$ and $ω_Δ=1.74\times 10^{23}~{\rm sec}^{-1}$ of the nucleon and delta baryon, respectively, to yield the identity $ω_Δ=2ω_{N}$.
description: 8 pages, title changed, version to appear in NPB
Clustering, Chaos and Crisis in a Bailout Embedding Map
Creators: name: Thyagu, N. Nirmal
name: Gupte, Neelima
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the dynamics of inertial particles in two dimensional incompressible flows. The particle dynamics is modelled by four dimensional dissipative bailout embedding maps of the base flow which is represented by 2-d area preserving maps. The phase diagram of the embedded map is rich and interesting both in the aerosol regime, where the density of the particle is larger than that of the base flow, as well as the bubble regime, where the particle density is less than that of the base flow. The embedding map shows three types of dynamic behaviour, periodic orbits, chaotic structures and mixed regions. Thus, the embedding map can target periodic orbits as well as chaotic structures in both the aerosol and bubble regimes at certain values of the dissipation parameter. The bifurcation diagram of the 4-d map is useful for the identification of regimes where such structures can be found. An attractor merging and widening crisis is seen for a special region for the aerosols. At the crisis, two period-10 attractors merge and widen simultaneously into a single chaotic attractor. Crisis induced intermittency is seen at some points in the phase diagram. The characteristic times before bursts at the crisis show power law behaviour as functions of the dissipation parameter. Although the bifurcation diagram for the bubbles looks similar to that of aerosols, no such crisis regime is seen for the bubbles. Our results can have implications for the dynamics of impurities in diverse application contexts.
description: 16 pages, 9 figures, submitted for publication
Accurate QCD predictions for heavy-quark jets at the Tevatron and LHC
Creators: name: Banfi, Andrea
name: Salam, Gavin P.
name: Zanderighi, Giulia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Heavy-quark jets are important in many of today's collider studies and searches, yet predictions for them are subject to much larger uncertainties than for light jets. This is because of strong enhancements in higher orders from large logarithms, ln(p_t/m_Q). We propose a new definition of heavy-quark jets, which is free of final-state logarithms to all orders and such that all initial-state collinear logarithms can be resummed into the heavy-quark parton distributions. Heavy-jet spectra can then be calculated in the massless approximation, which is simpler than a massive calculation and reduces the theoretical uncertainties by a factor of three. This provides the first ever accurate predictions for inclusive b- and c-jets, and the latter have significant discriminatory power for the intrinsic charm content of the proton. The techniques introduced here could be used to obtain heavy-flavour jet results from existing massless next-to-leading order calculations for a wide range of processes. We also discuss the experimental applicability of our flavoured jet definition.
description: 22 pages, 7 figures
Exploiting the directional sensitivity of the Double Chooz near detector
Creators: name: Hochmuth, Kathrin A.
name: Lindner, Manfred
name: Raffelt, Georg G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In scintillator detectors, the forward displacement of the neutron in the reaction $\barν_e+p\to e^++n$ provides neutrino directional information as demonstrated by the CHOOZ reactor experiment with 2,500 events. The near detector of the forthcoming Double Chooz experiment will collect $1.6\times10^5$ events per year, enough to determine the average neutrino direction with a $1 σ$ half-cone aperture of $2.3^\circ$ in one year. It is more difficult to separate the two Chooz reactors that are viewed at a separation angle $ϕ=30^\circ$. If their strengths are known and approximately equal, the azimuthal location of each reactor is obtained with $\pm6^\circ$ ($1 σ$) and the probability of confusing them with a single source is less than 11%. Five year's data reduce this ``confusion probability'' to less than 0.3%, i.e., a $3 σ$ separation is possible. All of these numbers improve rapidly with increasing angular separation of the sources. For a setup with $ϕ=90^\circ$ and one year's data, the azimuthal $1 σ$ uncertainty for each source decreases to $\pm3.2^\circ$. Of course, for Double Chooz the two reactor locations are known, allowing one instead to measure their individual one-year integrated power output to $\pm11%$ ($1 σ$), and their five-year integrated output to $\pm4.8%$ ($1 σ$).
description: 7 pages, 10 figures
Additional file 1: of Alignment-free genome comparison enables accurate geographic sourcing of white oak DNA
Creators: name: Tang, Kujin
name: Ren, Jie
name: Cronn, Richard
name: Erickson, David
name: Milligan, Brook
name: Parker-Forney, Meaghan
name: Spouge, John
name: Sun, Fengzhu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Figure S2. The circular plots of 92 white oak tree samples based on the six dissimilarity measures: d 2 â $$ {d}_2^{\ast } $$ , d 2 S $$ {d}_2^S $$ , CVTree, Euclidean, and Manhattan, using (A) 50 Mbp and (B) 300 Mbp of next generation sequencing data. Different sectors correspond to different continents, with NA in red, EU in orange and AS in blue. Within each sector, samples are sorted by their longitude, so that samples that are geographically close are also close to each other in the figure. The most similar tree samples to each sample are linked. The k-mer length is 12 and the Markov order of the background sequence is 10 for d 2 â $$ {d}_2^{\ast } $$ , d 2 S $$ {d}_2^S $$ and CVTree. The most similar samples to each sample according to d 2 â $$ {d}_2^{\ast } $$ and d 2 S $$ {d}_2^S $$ are from the same continent-of-origin. (PDF 671 kb)
Computer-aided technique for blending wine : application of simplex optimization to headspace gas chromatographic profiles of wine
Creators: name: Datta, Seema
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: An objective method to blend wines for standardizing flavor quality was developed. Aroma volatiles of varietal and white stock wines were analyzed at 6°C and 37°C by headspace gas chromatography with cryofocussing. Pattern similarity constants of the chromatographic profiles were entered into the simplex optimization program which determined the best blending ratios of wines to simulate the target wine. Thirteen and 23 vertices were required to give the optimum response for trials 1 and 2, respectively. For both trials the computer optimized blends could not be differentiated from the target wines by a sensory taste panel consisting of both untrained and expert judges.
Muon $g-2$ and Co-annihilating Dark Matter in the MSSM
Creators: name: Cox, Peter
name: Han, Chengcheng
name: Yanagida, Tsutomu T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate that the recent measurement of the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon and dark matter can be simultaneously explained within the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model. Dark matter is a mostly-bino state, with the relic abundance obtained via co-annihilations with either the sleptons or wino. The most interesting regions of parameter space will be tested by the next generation of dark matter direct detection experiments.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures; v2: Updated results include 1-loop corrections to slepton masses. Journal version
Additional file 4: of Alignment-free genome comparison enables accurate geographic sourcing of white oak DNA
Creators: name: Tang, Kujin
name: Ren, Jie
name: Cronn, Richard
name: Erickson, David
name: Milligan, Brook
name: Parker-Forney, Meaghan
name: Spouge, John
name: Sun, Fengzhu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Figure S5. The circular plots for independent samples sequenced using a) Illumina NGS of a California Valley Oak tree, b) a mixture of short- and long read from with both Illumina and PacBio sequencing of the Pendunculate Oak tree, and c) seven diverse tree samples using RAD-seq. The (A) d 2 S $$ {d}_2^S $$ dissimilarity and (B) Manhattan distance measures of each independent sample with the 92 reference samples were calculated and the two most similar reference samples are linked. (PDF 225 kb)
On the inverse braid monoid
Creators: name: Vershinin, Vladimir V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20F36, 20F38

description: Inverse braid monoid describes a structure on braids where the number of strings is not fixed. So, some strings of initial $n$ may be deleted. In the paper we show that many properties and objects based on braid groups may be extended to the inverse braid monoids. Namely we prove an inclusion into a monoid of partial monomorphisms of a free group. This gives a solution of the word problem. Another solution is obtained by an approach similar to that of Garside. We give also the analogues of Artin presentation with two generators and Sergiescu graph-presentations.
description: 18 pages, 5 figures
AdS spacetimes from wrapped D3-branes
Creators: name: Gauntlett, Jerome P.
name: Mac Conamhna, Oisin A. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive a geometrical characterisation of a large class of AdS_3 and AdS_2 supersymmetric spacetimes in IIB supergravity with non-vanishing five-form flux using G-structures. These are obtained as special cases of a class of supersymmetric spacetimes with an $\mathbb{R}^{1,1}$ or $\mathbb{R}$ (time) factor that are associated with D3-branes wrapping calibrated 2- or 3- cycles, respectively, in manifolds with SU(2), SU(3), SU(4) and G_2 holonomy. We show how two explicit AdS solutions, previously constructed in gauged supergravity, satisfy our more general G-structure conditions. For each explicit solution we also derive a special holonomy metric which, although singular, has an appropriate calibrated cycle. After analytic continuation, some of the classes of AdS spacetimes give rise to known classes of BPS bubble solutions with $\mathbb{R}\times SO(4)\times SO(4)$, $\mathbb{R}\times SO(4)\times U(1)$, and $\mathbb{R}\times SO(4)$ symmetry. These have 1/2, 1/4 and 1/8 supersymmetry, respectively. We present a new class of 1/8 BPS geometries with $\mathbb{R}\times SU(2)$ symmetry, obtained by analytic continuation of the class of AdS spacetimes associated with D3-branes wrapped on associative three-cycles.
description: 1+30 pages; v2, references added; v3, typos corrected, reference added
Additional file 6: of Alignment-free genome comparison enables accurate geographic sourcing of white oak DNA
Creators: name: Tang, Kujin
name: Ren, Jie
name: Cronn, Richard
name: Erickson, David
name: Milligan, Brook
name: Parker-Forney, Meaghan
name: Spouge, John
name: Sun, Fengzhu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified

description: Details on the definitions of six alignment-free distance/dissimilarity measures between two genomes based on NGS data. (PDF 123 kb)
title: La compétence perçue, la perception de gravité et la nature des interventions des enseignant·e·s de l'école obligatoire concernant le harcèlement scolaire, ainsi que les facteurs qui pourraient les influencer
title: La compétence perçue, la perception de gravité et la nature des interventions des enseignant·e·s de l'école obligatoire concernant le harcèlement scolaire, ainsi que les facteurs qui pourraient les influencer
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Zerika, Sarah
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 0
Subjects: subject: harcèlement scolaire
subject: perception de compétence
subject: perception de gravité
subject: formes de harcèlement scolaire
subject: stratégies d’intervention auto-rapportées
subject: méthode de la préoccupation partagée

description: Dans ce travail, la compétence perçue, la perception de gravité et la nature des interventions des enseignant·e·s de l’école obligatoire concernant le harcèlement scolaire, ainsi que les facteurs qui pourraient les influencer dans différents types de situations sont étudiées. Un questionnaire a été envoyé grâce à internet et a permis de récolter des données de 69 enseignant·e·s à la fois qualitatives et quantitatives. Ces données ont ensuite été décryptées afin de répondre aux deux questions de recherche principales : Quelles sont les compétences perçues des enseignant·e·s de l’école obligatoire dans des situations de harcèlement scolaire, ainsi que la gravité perçue de ces situations, en fonction du type de harcèlement scolaire ? et Quelle est la nature des interventions proposées par des enseignant·e·s de l’école obligatoire dans des situations de harcèlement scolaire en fonction du type de harcèlement scolaire ? D’abord, nos résultats ont montré que plus les enseignant·e·s se sentiraient compétent·e·s pour un type de harcèlement, plus leur sentiment de compétence serait élevé pour un autre. De plus, les compétences perçues pour les formes ouvertes sont significativement plus élevées que pour les formes cachées. Dans le cas de la gravité perçue, celle des formes cachées est significativement plus élevée que celle des formes ouvertes, hormis pour le type social. Les stratégies d’intervention auto-rapportées le plus fréquemment sont de faire appel à d’autres adultes (pour les situations de forme cachée) et de travailler de manière non-punitive avec l’élève auteur·e (pour les situations de forme ouverte). Nous avons également constaté que certaines variables (i.e., formation continue, genre, degré d’enseignement) exerceraient une influence sur les compétences perçues et la gravité perçue dans certains types de harcèlement scolaire. Le degré d’enseignement a notamment un effet sur la gravité perçue dans le sens où les enseignant·e·s en primaire percevraient le harcèlement scolaire comme plus grave que celles/ceux du secondaire. Ces résultats permettent à la fois de mieux comprendre le phénomène du harcèlement scolaire du point de vue des enseignant·e·s, de réfléchir à des propositions d’actions concrètes pour le terrain ainsi qu’à des pistes pour de futures recherches sur le harcèlement scolaire.
Seasonal movements, habitat use, and winter feeding ecology of woodland caribou in West-Central British Columbia
Creators: name: Cichowski, Deborah B
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Three levels of resource selection (seasonal movements and habitat use, winter feeding site selection, and forage selection), by two populations of woodland caribou (Rangifer tarandus caribou) in west-central British Columbia were examined to evaluate potential effects of logging on those populations. Seasonal movements and habitat use were determined by monitoring radiocollared adult female caribou; winter feeding site and forage selection were determined by following caribou tracks on winter ranges. Caribou moved from winter to summer ranges along relatively snow-free, low elevation migration routes. Itcha-IIgachuz-Rainbow caribou calved and spent the summer almost exclusively in alpine habitat in the Itcha, Ilgachuz and Rainbow Mountains; Tweedsmuir-Entiako caribou used a variety of alpine and forested habitats in and adjacent to northern Tweedsmuir Park during summer. During winter, caribou in both areas used predominantly low elevation forested habitats. In the Tweedsmuir-Entiako area, some use of alpine habitat occurred during mid-winter in the Fawnie Mountains. In the Itcha-Ilgachuz area, 5-15% of the radiocollared caribou spent the winter in alpine and subalpine habitat on the north side of the Ilgachuz Mountains. Rainbow Mountain caribou used alpine habitat in the northern Rainbow and Ilgachuz Mountains during the winter. On low elevation winter ranges in both areas, caribou selected Dry Lichen / Lichen Moss and Lichen Moss caribou habitat types. Mature pine forest cover types on low and poor quality growing sites were also selected by caribou during winter. Itcha-Ilgachuz caribou selected large Fescue-Lichen meadows in early winter and Dry Lichen / Kinnikinnick sites in the very dry, cold Sub-Boreal Pine/Spruce (SBPSxc) biogeoclimatic subzone in late winter. In late winter, the Tweedsmuir-Entiako caribou selected mature Moss/Seepage Forest - Aspen Forest caribou habitat types. Forest cover types selected were mature pine and pine/spruce forest cover types on medium quality sites. Throughout the winter, pine forests in both areas were used predominantly for cratering for terrestrial lichens. Caribou selected areas with high terrestrial lichen abundance for cratering. Snow characteristics (snow depth, snow penetrability) did not appear to influence crater site selection. Snow was often deeper at cratering sites than at non-cratering sites because sites that were selected for abundant terrestrial lichen also had more open canopies which intercepted less snow. Arboreal lichens were used in all forest types; however, arboreal lichen use was greater in pine/spruce and spruce stands than in pine stands. Implications of logging to woodland caribou populations and winter range use are discussed and recommendations for logging guidelines compatible with woodland caribou are suggested.
Four-Quark Condensates in Nucleon QCD Sum Rules
Creators: name: Thomas, R.
name: Hilger, T.
name: Kampfer, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The in-medium behavior of the nucleon spectral density including self-energies is revisited within the framework of QCD sum rules. Special emphasis is given to the density dependence of four-quark condensates. A complete catalog of four-quark condensates is presented and relations among them are derived. Generic differences of such four-quark condensates occurring in QCD sum rules for light baryons and light vector mesons are discussed.
description: Version accepted for publication: corrected typos, minor changes based on referee comments included, reference added
Lorentzian threads as 'gatelines' and holographic complexity
Creators: name: Pedraza, Juan F.
name: Russo, Andrea
name: Svesko, Andrew
name: Weller-Davies, Zachary
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The continuous min flow-max cut principle is used to reformulate the 'complexity=volume' conjecture using Lorentzian flows -- divergenceless norm-bounded timelike vector fields whose minimum flux through a boundary subregion is equal to the volume of the homologous maximal bulk Cauchy slice. The nesting property is used to show the rate of complexity is bounded below by "conditional complexity", describing a multi-step optimization with intermediate and final target states. Conceptually, discretized Lorentzian flows are interpreted in terms of threads or gatelines such that complexity is equal to the minimum number of gatelines used to prepare a CFT state by an optimal tensor network (TN) discretizing the state. We propose a refined measure of complexity, capturing the role of suboptimal TNs, as an ensemble average. The bulk symplectic potential provides a 'canonical' thread configuration characterizing perturbations around arbitrary CFT states. Its consistency requires the bulk to obey linearized Einstein's equations, which are shown to be equivalent to the holographic first law of complexity, thereby advocating a notion of 'spacetime complexity'.
description: 5 pages + Supplemental Material. v3: version accepted for publication in PRL
The complete genome sequence of the rumen methanogen Methanobacterium formicicum BRM9
Creators: name: Kelly, Bill
name: Leahy, Sinead
name: Li, Dong
name: Perry, Rechelle
name: Lambie, Suzanne
name: Attwood, Graeme
name: Altermann, Eric
Publisher: name: AgResearch
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 3107
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Methanobacterium formicicum BRM9 was isolated from the rumen of a New Zealand Friesan cow grazing a ryegrass/clover pasture, and its genome has been sequenced to provide information on the phylogenetic diversity of rumen methanogens with a view to developing technologies for methane mitigation. The 2.45 Mb BRM9 chromosome has an average G + C content of 41%, and encodes 2,352 protein-coding genes. The genes involved in methanogenesis are comparable to those found in other members of the Methanobacteriaceae with the exception that there is no [Fe]-hydrogenase dehydrogenase (Hmd) which links the methenyl-H4MPT reduction directly with the oxidation of H2. Compared to the rumen Methanobrevibacter strains, BRM9 has a much larger complement of genes involved in determining oxidative stress response, signal transduction and nitrogen fixation. BRM9 also has genes for the biosynthesis of the compatible solute ectoine that has not been reported to be produced by methanogens. The BRM9 genome has a prophage and two CRISPR repeat regions. Comparison to the genomes of other Methanobacterium strains shows a core genome of ~1,350 coding sequences and 190 strain-specific genes in BRM9, most of which are hypothetical proteins or prophage related.
A Study of the Vertical Motion of Supernova Remnant Bubbles in the Interstellar Medium Drawn from the Results of Three-Dimensional MHD Simulations
Creators: name: Raley, E. A.
name: Shelton, R. L.
name: Plewa, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In order to determine the circumstances under which isolated SNRs are capable of rising into and enriching the thick disk and galactic halo, simulations of supernova remnants are performed with the FLASH magnetohydrodynamic code. We performed simulations in which the interstellar magnetic field is parallel to or perpendicular to the galactic plane as well as a simulation without a magnetic field. The ambient gas density distribution and gravitational potential are based on observations of our galaxy. We evolve the remnants to ages of roughly 10,000,000 years. For our simulation without a magnetic field, we compare the evolution of the hot bubble's velocity with the velocity evolution calculated from the buoyant and drag accelerations. We found surprisingly small vertical velocities of the hot gas, from which we estimated the drag coefficient to be ten for the non-magnetic simulation. Although we found little buoyant motion of the hot gas during the remnant's lifetime, we found rapid vertical motion of the associated cool dense gas near the end of the remnants life. This motion deformed the remnant into a mushroom cloud structure similar to those found in previous simulations. The simulation in which we have a 4 micro-Gauss magnetic field parallel to the galactic mid-plane shows a dramatically elongated bubble parallel to the magnetic field. The magnetic field pins the supernova remnant preventing it from rising. In the simulation with the 4 micro-Gauss magnetic field perpendicular to the midplane the hot bubble rises more, indicating that having the magnetic field in the same direction as the gravitational force enhances the rise of the bubble.
description: 16 pages (using emulateapj, onecolumn mode), 15 figure panels, published in ApJ