cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Prior Experience, Additional Methods, Additional Results from New Caledonian crows plan for specific future tool use
Creators: name: Boeckle, M.
name: M. Schiestl
name: Frohnwieser, A.
name: R. Gruber
name: Miller, R.
name: Suddendorf, T.
name: R. D. Gray
name: A. H. Taylor
name: Clayton, N. S.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 170299 Cognitive Science not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: The ability to plan for future events is one of the defining features of human intelligence. Whether non-human animals can plan for specific future situations remains contentious: despite a sustained research effort over the last two decades, there is still no consensus on this question. Here, we show that New Caledonian crows can use tools to plan for specific future events. Crows learned a temporal sequence where they were (A) shown a baited apparatus (B) 5 min later given a choice of five objects and (C) 10 min later given access to the apparatus. At test, these crows were presented with one of two tool-apparatus combinations. For each combination, the crows chose the right tool for the right future task, while ignoring previously useful tools and a low-value food item. This study establishes that planning for specific future tool use can evolve via convergent evolution, given that corvids and humans shared a common ancestor over 300 million years ago, and offers a route to mapping the planning capacities of animals.
Human embryo models: the importance of national policy and governance review
Creators: name: Foreman, Amy L
name: Liddell, Kathleen
name: Franklin, Sarah
name: Jackson, Emily
name: Rozeik, Christina
name: Niakan, Kathy K
Publisher: name: The Francis Crick Institute
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: Genetics & Genomics
subject: Genetics & Genomics
classificationCode: Developmental Biology
subject: Developmental Biology
classificationCode: Gene Expression
subject: Gene Expression

description: No description supplied
The Critical Density and the Effective Excitation Density of Commonly Observed Molecular Dense Gas Tracers
Creators: name: Shirley, Yancy L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The optically thin critical densities and the effective excitation densities to produce a 1 K km/s (or 0.818 Jy km/s $(\frac{ν_{jk}}{100 \rm{GHz}})^2 \, (\frac{θ_{beam}}{10^{\prime\prime}})^2$) spectral line are tabulated for 12 commonly observed dense gas molecular tracers. The dependence of the critical density and effective excitation density on physical assumptions (i.e. gas kinetic temperature and molecular column density) is analyzed. Critical densities for commonly observed dense gas transitions in molecular clouds (i.e. HCN $1-0$, HCO$^+$ $1-0$, N$_2$H$^+$ $1-0$) are typically $1 - 2$ orders of magnitude larger than effective excitation densities because the standard definitions of critical density do not account for radiative trapping and 1 K km/s lines are typically produced when radiative rates out of the upper energy level of the transition are faster than collisional depopulation. The use of effective excitation density has a distinct advantage over the use of critical density in characterizing the differences in density traced by species such as NH$_3$, HCO$^+$, N$_2$H$^+$, and HCN as well as their isotpologues; but, the effective excitation density has the disadvantage that it is undefined for transitions when $E_u/k \gg T_k$, for low molecular column densities, and for heavy molecules with complex spectra (i.e. CH$_3$CHO).
description: Tutorial article accepted for publication in PASP. Table 1 lists critical densities and effective excitation densities for 72 transitions of 12 species. 24 pages
Effective spectrum width of the synchrotron radiation
Creators: name: Bagrov, V. G.
name: Gitman, D. M.
name: Levin, A. D.
name: Loginov, A. S.
name: Saprykin, A. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For an exact quantitative description of spectral properties of synchrotron radiation (SR), the concept of effective width of the spectrum is introduced. In the most interesting case, which corresponds to the ultrarelativistic limit of SR, the effective width of the spectrum is calculated for the polarization components, and new physically important quantitative information on the structure of spectral distributions is obtained. For the first time, the spectral distribution for the circular polarization component of the SR for the upper half-space is obtained within classical theory.
Modified Gauss-Bonnet gravity with Lagrange multiplier constraint as mimetic theory
Creators: name: Astashenok, Artyom V.
name: Odintsov, Sergei D.
name: Oikonomou, V. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we propose and extensively study mimetic $f({\cal G})$ modified gravity models, with various scenarios of cosmological evolution, with or without extra matter fluids. The easiest formulation is based on the use of Lagrange multiplier constraint. In certain versions of this theory, it is possible to realize accelerated expansion of the Universe or even unified evolution which includes inflation with dark energy, and at the same time in the same theoretical framework, dark matter is described by the theory. This is achieved by the re-parametrization of the metric tensor, which introduces a new degree of freedom in the cosmological equations and leads to appearance of the mimetic "dark matter" component. In the context of mimetic $f({\cal G})$ theory, we also provide some quite general reconstruction schemes, which enable us to find which $f({\cal G})$ gravity generates a specific cosmological evolution. In addition, we also provide the general reconstruction technique for Lagrange multiplier $f({\cal G})$ gravity. All our results are accompanied by illustrative examples, with special emphasis on bouncing cosmologies.
description: Revised version, to appear in CQG
Optical lattice with heterogeneous atomic density
Creators: name: Yukalov, V. I.
name: Yukalova, E. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The possibility is considered for the formation in optical lattices of a heterogeneous state characterized by a spontaneous mesoscopic separation of the system into the spatial regions with different atomic densities. It is shown that such states can arise, if there are repulsive interactions between atoms in different lattice sites and the filling factor is less than one-half.
description: Latex file, 17 pages, 5 figures
title: The Dark Ages in the North? A transformative phase at 3000–2750 BCE in the western Baltic: Brodersby-Schönhagen and the Store Valby phenomenon
Creators: name: Brozio, Jan Piet
name: Filipović, Dragana
name: Kirleis, Wiebke
name: Müller, Johannes
name: Schmölcke, Ulrich
Publisher: name: Journal of Neolithic Archaeology
Year: 2019

description: On the Cimbrian peninsula, comprising the continental part of Denmark and part of northern Germany, the period 3100–2800 BCE is characterised by a decline in burial activity and by reforestation in some areas. Following the peak of megalithic construction by the Funnel Beaker societies and preceding new building activities by the Corded Ware societies, this period can be referred as the ‘Dark Ages’ of the north. Our analysis of this period within the context of a German Research Foundation Collaborative Research Centre (CRC 1266) project resulted in a new perspective on the role of settlement patterns associated with a ceramic type known as Store Valby. In addition to small domestic sites, such as Schönhagen LA 107 (Brodersby), which dominate on the western and southern parts of the Cimbrian peninsula, research has identified giant settlements to the west, from around 2900 BCE, and palisade enclosures to the east. Despite the diversity of regional developments in the western Baltic, we think that the general characterisation of these centuries as an independent phase of socio-environmental transformations can serve as a model for the entire region.
description: Journal of Neolithic Archaeology, Vol. 21 (2019)
Capture and evolution of dust in planetary mean-motion resonances: a fast, semi-analytic method for generating resonantly trapped disk images
Creators: name: Shannon, Andrew
name: Mustill, Alexander J
name: Wyatt, Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dust grains migrating under Poynting-Robertson drag may be trapped in mean-motion resonances with planets. Such resonantly trapped grains are observed in the solar system. In extrasolar systems, the exozodiacal light produced by dust grains is expected to be a major obstacle to future missions attempting to directly image terrestrial planets. The patterns made by resonantly trapped dust, however, can be used to infer the presence of planets, and the properties of those planets, if the capture and evolution of the grains can be modelled. This has been done with N-body methods, but such methods are computationally expensive, limiting their usefulness when considering large, slowly evolving grains, and for extrasolar systems with unknown planets and parent bodies, where the possible parameter space for investigation is large. In this work, we present a semi-analytic method for calculating the capture and evolution of dust grains in resonance, which can be orders of magnitude faster than N-body methods. We calibrate the model against N-body simulations, finding excellent agreement for Earth to Neptune mass planets, for a variety of grain sizes, initial eccentricities, and initial semimajor axes. We then apply the model to observations of dust resonantly trapped by the Earth. We find that resonantly trapped, asteroidally produced grains naturally produce the `trailing blob' structure in the zodiacal cloud, while to match the intensity of the blob, most of the cloud must be composed of cometary grains, which owing to their high eccentricity are not captured, but produce a smooth disk.
description: Accepted to Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Additional file 31 of Potential impact of climatic factors on malaria in Rwanda between 2012 and 2021: a time-series analysis
Creators: name: Rubuga, Felix K.
name: Ahmed, Ayman
name: Siddig, Emmanuel
name: Sera, Francesco
name: Moirano, Giovenale
name: Aimable, Mbituyumuremyi
name: Albert, Tuyishime
name: Gallican, Nshogoza R.
name: Nebié, Eric I.
name: Kitema, Gatera F.
name: Vounatsou, Penelope
name: Utzinger, Jürg
name: Cissé, Guéladio
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Supplementary Material 31.
title: Neolithic and Bronze Age archery equipment from alpine ice-patches: A review on components, construction techniques and functionality
Creators: name: Junkmanns, Jürgen
name: Klügl, Johanna
name: Schoch, Werner H.
name: Di Pietro, Giovanna
name: Hafner, Albert
Publisher: name: Journal of Neolithic Archaeology
Year: 2019

description: The alpine ice-patch sites of Tisenjoch (I), Schnidejoch and Loetschenpass (CH) brought to light the most complete archery equipments known from the European Prehistory. Bows were simple self bows made from yew (Taxus baccata) or elm wood (Ulmus sp.) of different types, but always of man-tall size. The manufacturing process can be described from several finds of unfinished bow blanks, as in the case of the Tisenjoch. Neolithic arrows were made from shoots of hazel (Corylus avellana), guelder rose (Viburnum sp.) or other hardwoods. They were straightened by heat and generally longer and thicker as modern sporting arrows for increased weight and penetration power. Their fletching of three split feathers was practically the same as it is still used today. Bowstrings are extremely rare in European archaeological sites, only two assured samples are known to date, coming from the Tisenjoch and the Schnidejoch ice-patches. They were made from animal sinew fibres which will not be preserved in non-frozen sites. Although there almost certainly was a need for a protective cover of the bow against bad weather, there is only one example of a Neolithic bow case known to date. The cover, made from water resistant birch bark and a little longer as the bow which was carried inside, was found on Schnidejoch. It incorporates a carrying system of leather straps which enabled the user to wear it over the shoulder, keeping the hands free for other tasks. It is supposed that other bow cases which very probably existed in the neolithic, were made from animal hide or leather which would not survive in waterlogged sites. That there were protective carrying devices for archery gear is testified by the leather arrow quiver found on Tisenjoch and by numerous ethnographic and historic examples.
description: Journal of Neolithic Archaeology, Vol. 21 (2019)
title: Transformations of semi-mobility? The Younger Neolithic in the Altmark
Creators: name: Pfeiffer, Annalena
Publisher: name: Journal of Neolithic Archaeology
Year: 2019

description: During the Younger Neolithic (2800–2200 cal BC) different trans- formational processes took place in the Altmark region (Saxony-Anhalt, Germany). Paleo-ecological investigations indicate a significant increase in the human impact on the landscape. We probably are dealing with a highly mobile and translocal society that used smaller seasonal stations and whose economy was based on livestock farming, hunting and fishing as well as crop cultivation. In addition to ecological changes, there are also social changes recognisable in the archaeological material, which are most evident in the funeral practices. After a phase of relatively standardised burials within megalithic tombs a shift to new funeral practices becomes apparent. Sites like Brunau and Lüdelsen also indicate a mixture of different ceramic styles, indicating a strong cultural exchange in this region at that time.
description: Journal of Neolithic Archaeology, Vol. 21 (2019)
title: Archaeometric Analysis of Pottery Technology in the Funnel Beaker Culture. A Case Study: Tannenhausen, East Frisia (Germany)
Creators: name: Struckmeyer, Katrin
Publisher: name: Journal of Neolithic Archaeology
Year: 2013

description: The analysis of pottery fragments reveals detailed information about the technology used in the different regions of the Funnel Beaker Culture. This will make an important contribution to the reconstruction of communication networks. In the project presented here, various analytical methods were used to investigate technological aspects such as the raw material and temper. These investigations showed that crushed granite was the predominant tempering agent. The analysis of thin sections of sherds from the megalithic tomb at Tannenhausen, in the District of Aurich (East Frisia, Germany), indicated that the vessels found in the tomb were all locally produced in the same pottery tradition.
description: Journal of Neolithic Archaeology, 15 (2013)
Three-dimensional terminally attached self-avoiding walks and bridges
Creators: name: Clisby, Nathan
name: Conway, Andrew R.
name: Guttmann, Anthony J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study terminally attached self-avoiding walks and bridges on the simple cubic lattice, both by series analysis and Monte Carlo methods. We provide strong numerical evidence supporting a scaling relation between self-avoiding walks, bridges, and terminally attached self-avoiding walks, and posit that a corresponding amplitude ratio is a universal quantity.
description: 26 pages, 11 figures
Biobank perspectives 1:2015
Creators: name: Centre For Research Ethics & Bioethics
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015

description: We have worked with the ethical and legal aspects of biboank and registry research for more than a decade. With the aid of BBMRI.se we were able to share our perspectives with the biobank community through the biobank perspectives newsletter that was issued three times a year between 2014 and 2017.
From Topographic Internal Gravity Waves to Turbulence
Creators: name: Sarkar, S.
name: Scotti, A.
Publisher: name: Annual Reviews Inc.
Year: 2017

description: Internal gravity waves are a key process linking the large-scale mechanical forcing of the oceans to small-scale turbulence and mixing. In this review, we focus on internal waves generated by barotropic tidal flow over topography. We review progress made in the past decade toward understanding the different processes that can lead to turbulence during the generation, propagation, and reflection of internal waves and how these processes affect mixing. We consider different modeling strategies and new tools that have been developed. Simulation results, the wealth of observational material collected during large-scale experiments, and new laboratory data reveal how the cascade of energy from tidal flow to turbulence occurs through a host of nonlinear processes, including intensified boundary flows, wave breaking, wave-wave interactions, and the instability of high-mode internal wave beams. The roles of various nondimensional parameters involving the ocean state, roughness geometry, and tidal forcing are described.
Matching NLO QCD with parton shower in Monte Carlo scheme - the KrkNLO method
Creators: name: Jadach, S.
name: Placzek, W.
name: Sapeta, S.
name: Siodmok, A.
name: Skrzypek, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new method of including the complete NLO QCD corrections to hard processes in the LO parton-shower Monte Carlo (PSMC) is presented. This method, called KrkNLO, requires the use of parton distribution functions in a dedicated Monte Carlo factorization scheme, which is also discussed in this paper. In the future, it may simplify introduction of the NNLO corrections to hard processes and the NLO corrections to PSMC. Details of the method and numerical examples of its practical implementation, as well as comparisons with other calculations, such as MCFM, MC@NLO, POWHEG, for single $Z/γ^*$-boson production at the LHC, are presented.
description: 50 pages, 14 figures. Version published in JHEP: added a comparison of krkNLO results and the fixed-order NNLO result from the DYNNLO program and addressed several points raised by the referee
Supplementary document for Nanoneedle formation via doughnut beam-induced Marangoni effects - 5989169.pdf
Creators: name: Tamura, Mamoru
name: Omatsu, Takashige
name: Iida, Takuya
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 20504 Photonics, Optoelectronics and Optical Communications
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Parameters used in this study
Cosmic variance of the galaxy cluster weak lensing signal
Creators: name: Gruen, D.
name: Seitz, S.
name: Becker, M. R.
name: Friedrich, O.
name: Mana, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Intrinsic variations of the projected density profiles of clusters of galaxies at fixed mass are a source of uncertainty for cluster weak lensing. We present a semi-analytical model to account for this effect, based on a combination of variations in halo concentration, ellipticity and orientation, and the presence of correlated haloes. We calibrate the parameters of our model at the 10 per cent level to match the empirical cosmic variance of cluster profiles at M_200m=10^14...10^15 h^-1 M_sol, z=0.25...0.5 in a cosmological simulation. We show that weak lensing measurements of clusters significantly underestimate mass uncertainties if intrinsic profile variations are ignored, and that our model can be used to provide correct mass likelihoods. Effects on the achievable accuracy of weak lensing cluster mass measurements are particularly strong for the most massive clusters and deep observations (with ~20 per cent uncertainty from cosmic variance alone at M_200m=10^15 h^-1 M_sol and z=0.25), but significant also under typical ground-based conditions. We show that neglecting intrinsic profile variations leads to biases in the mass-observable relation constrained with weak lensing, both for intrinsic scatter and overall scale (the latter at the 15 per cent level). These biases are in excess of the statistical errors of upcoming surveys and can be avoided if the cosmic variance of cluster profiles is accounted for.
description: 14 pages, 6 figures; submitted to MNRAS
The formation and fate of internal waves in the South China Sea
Creators: name: Graber, H.C.
name: Legg, S.
name: Buijsman, M.C.
name: Alford, M.H.
name: Mercier, M.J.
name: Rainville, L.
name: Chao, S.-Y.
name: Mackinnon, J.A.
name: Gallacher, P.C.
name: Chang, M.-H.
name: Lien, R.-C.
name: Centuroni, L.R.
name: Helfrich, K.R.
name: Farmer, D.M.
name: Rudnick, D.L.
name: Venayagamoorthy, S.K.
name: Wang, Y.-H.
name: Scotti, A.
name: Fu, K.-H.
name: Simmons, H.L.
name: Paluszkiewicz, T.
name: Klymak, J.M.
name: Peacock, T.
name: Wang, J.
name: Fringer, O.B.
name: Musgrave, R.
name: St Laurent, L.C.
name: Tang, T.-Y.
name: Nash, J.D.
name: Yang, Y.J.
name: Jackson, C.R.
name: Pinkel, R.
name: Jan, S.
name: Park, J.-H.
name: Johnston, T.M.S.
name: Jachec, S.M.
name: Pickering, A.I.
name: Lee, I.-H.
name: Sarkar, S.
name: Ko, D.S.
name: Moum, J.N.
name: Ramp, S.R.
Publisher: name: Nature Publishing Group
Year: 2015

description: Internal gravity waves, the subsurface analogue of the familiar surface gravity waves that break on beaches, are ubiquitous in the ocean. Because of their strong vertical and horizontal currents, and the turbulent mixing caused by their breaking, they affect a panoply of ocean processes, such as the supply of nutrients for photosynthesis1, sediment and pollutant transport2 and acoustic transmission3; they also pose hazards for man-made structures in the ocean4. Generated primarily by the wind and the tides, internal waves can travel thousands of kilometres from their sources before breaking5, making it challenging to observe them and to include them in numerical climate models, which are sensitive to their effects6,7. For over a decade, studies8-11 have targeted the South China Sea, where the oceans' most powerful known internal waves are generated in the Luzon Strait and steepen dramatically as they propagate west. Confusion has persisted regarding their mechanism of generation, variability and energy budget, however, owing to the lack of in situ data from the Luzon Strait, where extreme flow conditions make measurements difficult. Here we use new observations and numerical models to (1) show that the waves begin as sinusoidal disturbances rather than arising from sharp hydraulic phenomena, (2) reveal the existence of >200-metre-high breaking internal waves in the region of generation that give rise to turbulence levels >10,000 times that in the open ocean, (3) determine that the Kuroshio western boundary current noticeably refracts the internal wave field emanating from the Luzon Strait, and (4) demonstrate a factor-of-two agreement between modelled and observed energy fluxes, which allows us to produce an observationally supported energy budget of the region. Together, these findings give a cradle-to-grave picture of internal waves on a basin scale, which will support further improvements of their representation in numerical climate predictions.
Structure and function of Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli fimbriae from differing assembly pathways
Creators: name: Mortezaei, Narges
name: Epler, Chelsea R.
name: Shao, Paul P.
name: Shirdel, Mariam
name: Singh, Bhupender
name: McVeigh, Annette
name: Uhlin, Bernt Eric
name: Savarino, Stephen J.
name: Andersson, Magnus
name: Bullitt, Esther
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Pathogenic enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) are the major bacterial cause of diarrhea in young children in developing countries and in travelers, causing significant mortality in children. Adhesive fimbriae are a prime virulence factor for ETEC, initiating colonization of the small intestinal epithelium. Similar to other Gram-negative bacteria, ETEC express one or more diverse fimbriae, some assembled by the chaperone-usher pathway and others by the alternate chaperone pathway. Here we elucidate structural and biophysical aspects and adaptations of each fimbrial type to its respective host niche. CS20 fimbriae are compared to CFA/I fimbriae, which are two ETEC fimbriae assembled via different pathways, and to Pfimbriae from uropathogenic E. coli. Many fimbriae unwind from their native helical filament to an extended linear conformation under force, thereby sustaining adhesion by reducing load at the point of contact between the bacterium and the target cell. CFA/I fimbriae require the least force to unwind, followed by CS20 fimbriae and then P-fimbriae, which require the highest unwinding force. We conclude from our electron microscopy reconstructions, modeling, and force spectroscopy data that the target niche plays a central role in the biophysical properties of fimbriae that are critical for bacterial pathophysiology.
description: appears in Molecular Microbiology, 2014
Biases in thorpe-scale estimates of turbulence dissipation. Part II: Energetics arguments and turbulence simulations
Creators: name: Scotti, A.
Publisher: name: American Meteorological Society
Year: 2015

description: This paper uses the energetics framework developed by Scotti and White to provide a critical assessment of the widely used Thorpe-scale method, which is used to estimate dissipation and mixing rates in stratified turbulent flows from densitymeasurements along vertical profiles. This study shows that the relevant displacement scale in general is not the rms value of the Thorpe displacement. Rather, the displacement field must be Reynolds decomposed to separate the mean from the turbulent component, and it is the turbulent component that ought to be used to diagnose mixing and dissipation. In general, the energetics ofmixing in an overall stably stratified flow involves potentially complex exchanges among the available potential energy and kinetic energy associated with themean and turbulent components of the flow. The author considers two limiting cases: shear-driven mixing, where mixing comes at the expense of the mean kinetic energy of the flow, and convective-driven mixing, which taps the available potential energy of the mean flow to drive mixing. In shear-driven flows, the rms of the Thorpe displacement, known as the Thorpe scale is shown to be equivalent to the turbulent component of the displacement. In this case, the Thorpe scale approximates the Ozmidov scale, or, which is the same, the Thorpe scale is the appropriate scale to diagnosemixing and dissipation. However,whenmixing is driven by the available potential energy of the mean flow (convective-driven mixing), this study shows that the Thorpe scale is (much) larger than theOzmidov scale.Using the rms of the Thorpe displacement overestimates dissipation and mixing, since the amount of turbulent available potential energy (measured by the turbulent displacement) is only a fraction of the total available potential energy (measured by the Thorpe scale). Corrective measures are discussed that can be used to diagnosemixing from knowledge of the Thorpe displacement. In a companion paper,Mater et al. analyze field data and show that the Thorpe scale can indeed be much larger than the Ozmidov scale.
Quintessence's Last Stand?
Creators: name: Linder, Eric V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Current cosmological data puts increasing pressure on models of dark energy in the freezing class, e.g. early dark energy or those with equation of state $w$ substantially different from $-1$. We investigate to what extent data will distinguish the thawing class of quintessence from a cosmological constant. Since thawing dark energy deviates from $w=-1$ only at late times, we find that deviations $1+w\lesssim0.1$ are difficult to see even with next generation measurements; however, modest redshift drift data can improve the sensitivity by a factor of two. Furthermore, technical naturalness prefers specific thawing models.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures
Correlation of isocurvature perturbation and non-Gaussianity
Creators: name: Gong, Jinn-Ouk
name: Leung, Godfrey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the correlations between primordial non-Gaussianity and isocurvature perturbation. We sketch the generic relation between the bispectrum of the curvature perturbation and the cross-correlation power spectrum in the presence of explicit couplings between the inflaton and another light field which gives rise to isocurvature perturbation. Using a concrete model of a Peccei-Quinn type field with generic gravitational couplings, we illustrate explicitly how the primordial bispectrum correlates with the cross-correlation power spectrum. Assuming the resulting fnl ~ O(1), we find that the form of the correlation depends mostly upon the inflation model but only weakly on the axion parameters, even though fnl itself does depend heavily on the axion parameters.
description: 18 pages, 1 figure, v2 some additional comments and reference added; v3 detailed calculations added. submitted to JCAP. Comments welcome
Lengua y justicia: Los debates sobre el valor de las lenguas
Creators: name: Morales Galvez, Sergi
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 4408
subject: Political science
subject: FOS: Political science

description: How should linguistic diversity be managed? What criteria of justice should guide our institutions? Political philosophy has been addressing this issue through discussions on linguistic justice. My goal with this article is threefold. First, to introduce in the academic world written in Spanish a comprehensive and systematic revision of the discussions on linguistic justice, until now relatively absent. Second, to argue that we have reasons to include both pragmatic and identity interests in our discussions of linguistic justice. And finally, to argue that exist a new research pathway that criticizes the eminently distributive approach of most linguistic justice theories. Language, they rightly argue, is a relational element, with implications that go beyond a mere distribution of interests and resources.
Preface large amplitude internal waves in the coastal ocean
Creators: name: Grimshaw, R.
name: Scotti, A.
name: Helfrich, K.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: The flow in the coastal ocean, and especially on the continental shelf and slope is often characterized by the presence of very large-amplitude internal waves. These are waves which occur in the interior of the ocean, and propagate horizontally with a concentration of their energy around the oceanic pcynocline. They are usually generated by the interaction of the barotropic tide with the shelf break, topographic sill or with other prominent bottom features. This leads to the formation of an internal tide, which then deforms and evolves into a train of very large-amplitude internal waves, with associated large pycnocline displacements and strong currents. They are highly significant for sediment transport and for the biology on the continental shelf, their associated currents cause strong forces on marine platforms and submersibles, the associated strong distortion of the density field has a severe impact on acoustic signaling and their capacity to break and form microstructure has major consequences for the understanding of interior ocean mixing.
Additional file 1 of Spatial resolved transcriptomics reveals distinct cross-talk between cancer cells and tumor-associated macrophages in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma
Creators: name: Dong, Zhao-Ru
name: Zhang, Meng-Ya
name: Qu, Ling-Xin
name: Zou, Jie
name: Yang, Yong-Heng
name: Ma, Yun-Long
name: Yang, Chun-Cheng
name: Cao, Xue-Lei
name: Wang, Li-Yuan
name: Zhang, Xiao-Lu
name: Li, Tao
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Supplementary Material 1
Shoaling of nonlinear internal waves in Massachusetts Bay
Creators: name: Scotti, A.
name: Pineda, J.
name: Butman, B.
name: Beardsley, R.C.
Publisher: name: Blackwell Publishing Ltd
Year: 2008

description: The shoaling of the nonlinear internal tide in Massachusetts Bay is studied with a fully nonlinear and nonhydrostatic model. The results are compared with current and temperature observations obtained during the August 1998 Massachusetts Bay Internal Wave Experiment and observations from a shorter experiment which took place in September 2001. The model shows how the approaching nonlinear undular bore interacts strongly with a shoaling bottom, offshore of where KdV theory predicts polarity switching should occur. It is shown that the shoaling process is dominated by nonlinearity, and the model results are interpreted with the aid of a two-layer nonlinear but hydrostatic model. After interacting with the shoaling bottom, the undular bore emerges on the shallow shelf inshore of the 30-m isobath as a nonlinear internal tide with a range of possible shapes, all of which are found in the available observational record.
Sustaining Research Software: Issues and Actions
Creators: name: Katz, Daniel S.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: A keynote talk for the 2022 NZ Research Software Engineers (RSE) Conference. Abstract: Research software is pervasive in research today; most research is dependent on software. Much of this research software is built and maintained by communities, typically comprising research software engineers and researchers. And most of the communities have or develop a strong voluntary aspect, at least over time, particularly because any one funding activity for research software is usually shorter term that the life span of the software itself. Additionally, software that is not maintained will eventually stop working or stop being useful, because of changes in the underlying hardware and software environment and changes in user needs. Therefore, sustaining the software requires ongoing human effort, and can be seen as balancing that human effort with the specific needs of the software project. This talk will discuss these issues and actions that effect and affect this balance that be taken by individual projects, communities, funders, and institutions.
Water insecurity and interfaces with illness in traditional rural communities: A scoping review
Creators: name: de Sá Pinheiro, Adriana
name: Correa Júnior, Antonio Jorge S.
name: Couto, Mayra Hermínia Simões Hamad Farias do
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Public health not elsewhere classified

description: This Scoping review protocol aims to outline the methodological sequence that will make it possible to map scientific evidence on Water Insecurity related to drinking water with a focus on populations residing in rural-traditional communities in developing or underdeveloped countries. For this purpose, a systematic search is proposed in PubMed, SciVerse Scopus, Web of Science, ScienceDirect and Scientific Electronic Library Online databases. With data organization mediated by two reviewers and searches loaded in the Rayyan online application and subsequent descriptive-narrative analysis, also using images from the IRAMUTEQ software.
Further evidence for a time-dependent initial mass function in massive early-type galaxies
Creators: name: Ferreras, I.
name: Weidner, C.
name: Vazdekis, A.
name: La Barbera, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spectroscopic analyses of gravity-sensitive line strengths give growing evidence towards an excess of low-mass stars in massive early-type galaxies (ETGs). Such a scenario requires a bottom-heavy initial mass function (IMF). However, strong constraints can be imposed if we take into account galactic chemical enrichment. We extend the analysis of Weidner et al. and consider the functional form of bottom-heavy IMFs used in recent works, where the high-mass end slope is kept fixed to the Salpeter value, and a free parameter is introduced to describe the slope at stellar masses below some pivot mass scale (M
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, 1 table. MNRAS Letters, in press
Unbounded composition operators via inductive limits: cosubnormals with matrical symbols
Creators: name: Budzynski, Piotr
name: Dymek, Piotr
name: Planeta, Artur
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 47B33, 47B37, secondary 47A05

description: We prove, by use of inductive techniques, that assorted unbounded composition operators in $L^2$-spaces with matrical symbols are cosubnormal.
description: 8 pages
Measure theory over boolean toposes
Creators: name: Henry, Simon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 18B25, 03G30, 46L10, 46L51

description: In this paper we develop a notion of measure theory over boolean toposes which is analogous to noncommutative measure theory, i.e. to the theory of von Neumann algebras. This is part of a larger project to study relations between topos theory and noncommutative geometry. The main result is a topos theoretic version of the modular time evolution of von Neumann algebra which take the form of a canonical R+*-principal bundle over any integrable locally separated boolean topos.
description: 23 pages
Supplementary document for Electro-optic fs pulsed laser deflection in KTN crystals using UV illumination - 6230675.pdf
Creators: name: Shang, Annan
name: Liu, Ruijia
name: Lee, Yun Goo
name: KABIR, MOHAMMAD AHSANUL
name: Ji, Yaoyang
name: Yin, Shizhuo
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Estimation of coefficients and angular resolution, Modulation test setup, beam and PLM images, and UV Illuminated Deflection angle results at different propagation positions
On the spacetime connecting two aeons in conformal cyclic cosmology
Creators: name: Araujo, A.
name: Jennen, H.
name: Pereira, J. G.
name: Sampson, A. C.
name: Savi, L. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As quotient spaces, Minkowski and de Sitter are fundamental, non-gravitational spacetimes for the construction of physical theories. When general relativity is constructed on a de Sitter spacetime, the usual Riemannian structure is replaced by a more general structure called de Sitter-Cartan geometry. In the contraction limit of an infinite cosmological term, the de Sitter-Cartan spacetime reduces to a singular, flat, conformal invariant four-dimensional cone spacetime, in which our ordinary notions of time interval and space distance are absent. It is shown that such spacetime satisfies all properties, including the Weyl curvature hypothesis, necessary to play the role of the bridging spacetime connecting two aeons in Penrose's conformal cyclic cosmology.
description: 15 pages. V2: presentation changes aiming at clarifying the text, matches published version
Generation and propagation of nonlinear internal waves in Massachusetts Bay
Creators: name: Butman, B.
name: Scotti, A.
name: Beardsley, R.C.
Publisher: name: Blackwell Publishing Ltd
Year: 2007

description: During the summer, nonlinear internal waves (NLIWs) are commonly observed propagating in Massachusetts Bay. The topography of the area is unique in the sense that the generation area (over Stellwagen Bank) is only 25 km away from the shoaling area, and thus it represents an excellent natural laboratory to study the life cycle of NLIWs. To assist in the interpretation of the data collected during the 1998 Massachusetts Bay Internal Wave Experiment (MBIWE98), a fully nonlinear and nonhydrostatic model covering the generation/shoaling region was developed, to investigate the response of the system to the range of background and driving conditions observed. Simplified models were also used to elucidate the role of nonlinearity and dispersion in shaping the NLIW field. This paper concentrates on the generation process and the subsequent evolution in the basin. The model was found to reproduce well the range of propagation characteristics observed (arrival time, propagation speed, amplitude), and provided a coherent framework to interpret the observations. Comparison with a fully nonlinear hydrostatic model shows that during the generation and initial evolution of the waves as they move away from Stellwagen Bank, dispersive effects play a negligible role. Thus the problem can be well understood considering the geometry of the characteristics along which the Riemann invariants of the hydrostatic problem propagate. Dispersion plays a role only during the evolution of the undular bore in the middle of Stellwagen Basin. The consequences for modeling NLIWs within hydrostatic models are briefly discussed at the end.
การปรับตัวทางสังคมวัฒนธรรมของกลุ่มชาติพันธุ์โส้ในบริบทสังคมอีสาน
Creators: name: เทพรักษ์ สุริฝ่าย
Publisher: name: คณะมนุษยศาสตร์และสังคมศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยราชภัฏบุรีรัมย์
Year: 2566
Subjects: กลุ่มชาติพันธุ์โส้
การปรับตัวทางสังคมวัฒนธรรม
พลวัตชาติพันธุ์

description: มนุษยสังคมสาร (มสส.), 21, 2, 1-17
Turbulent convection of suspended sediments due to flow reversal
Creators: name: Scotti, A.
name: Chang, Y.S.
Publisher: name: Blackwell Publishing Ltd
Year: 2006

description: We investigate the ejection of sediments from the near-bed region of a pulsating boundary layer over a flat bottom. The boundary layer flows were generated using Large Eddy Simulation (LES) while the motion of individual particles was calculated using a modified version of the Maxey and Riley equation. The suspension rate of near-bed sediment particles sharply increases during decelerating flow phase and peaks near the time of local flow reversals. This suspension pattern of sediments was closely related to the near-bed turbulent vortex structures which evolve during a wave cycle. During period of maximum flow rate, the horizontally aligned vortex cores retarded settling of sediment particles. As the flow decelerates, vertically organized vortices induce an upward flux of particles. Vertical velocity fluctuations are strongest at the time of flow reversal, leading to maximum sediment suspension at this time. These results are shown to be incompatible with simple eddy-diffusivity models for sediment transport.
title: Beyond the settlement grid: investigating social differences through archaeobiology in waterlogged sites
Creators: name: Röder, Brigitte
name: Doppler, Thomas
name: Pichler, Sandra L.
name: Jacomet, Stefanie
name: Schibler, Jörg
name: Pollmann, Britta
Publisher: name: Journal of Neolithic Archaeology
Year: 2013

description: Waterlogged sites represent an invaluable source of archaeological data. Houses dated to exact calendar years by dendrochronology yield countless artefacts and well preserved organic remains. In 150 years of research, a wealth of economic, environmental and chronological information on the circumalpine Neolithic and Bronze Age has been accumulated. The social historical potential of these sites has however been largely neglected, which is in part due to widely held preconceptions on prevailing social conditions drawn from common knowledge rather than research. Due to uniformly large houses arranged in rows, communities are generally perceived as being egalitarian and economically uniform. In an interdisciplinary case study of the Swiss Arbon Bleiche 3 settlement on Lake Constance, the vast potential of the archaeobiological data from waterlogged sites for investigating social issues is explored. Statistical analyses of animal bones and botanical remains reveal several distinct economic strategies and/or dietary preferences, suggesting the existence of a socially diverse settlement community. Our results not only generate multifaceted social data but also contradict a number of preconceptions on lakeside communities. Methodologically, it becomes clear that archaeozoological and archaeobotanical remains are differentially biased by taphonomic processes and sampling strategies. These systematic differences will have to be addressed in further studies.
description: Journal of Neolithic Archaeology, 15 (2013)
Fête patronale de la saint Marcel, lecture de la liste des bénéficaires de la distribution des paquets de viande de boeuf
Creators: name: Musée National Des Arts Et Traditions Populaires (Paris)
name: Centre D'ethnologie Française
Publisher: name: École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales; Institut  interdisciplinaire d'anthropologie du contemporain (Paris); Laboratoire d'anthropologie et d'histoire de l'institution de la culture (Paris)
Year: 2024

Abstract
Anisotropies in Non-Thermal Distortions of Cosmic Light from Photon-Axion Conversion
Creators: name: D'Amico, Guido
name: Kaloper, Nemanja
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ultralight axions which couple sufficiently strongly to photons can leave imprints on the sky at diverse frequencies by mixing with cosmic light in the presence of background magnetic fields. We explore such direction dependent grey-body distortions of the CMB spectrum, enhanced by resonant conditions in the IGM plasma. We also find that if such axions are produced in the early universe and represent a subdominant dark radiation component today, they could convert into X-rays in supervoids, and brighten them at X-ray frequencies.
description: 11 pages, 1 figure
Direct numerical simulation of turbulent channel flows with boundary roughened with virtual sandpaper
Creators: name: Scotti, A.
Publisher: name: American Institute of Physics Inc.
Year: 2006

description: A method to simulate the effects of a roughened surface on a turbulent boundary layer is introduced. The method is easy to implement, does not increase the numerical overhead of the code, and affects the mean velocity in an a priori predictable way. A single parameter k is sufficient to fully characterize the roughness. The procedure has been tested in turbulent channel flows at Reτ=1000, with roughness heights k+ spanning the transitional regime. The properties of the rough flow agree well with experimental data.