Neorhinotora fapema Reis & Tôrres & Ale-Rocha & Limeira-De-Oliveira 2023, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Reis, Geniana Alves
name: Tôrres, Alice
name: Ale-Rocha, Rosaly
name: Limeira-De-Oliveira, Francisco
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Heleomyzidae
Neorhinotora
Neorhinotora fapema

description: Neorhinotora fapema, sp. nov.
(Figs 1–14, 35–39, 45)
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 25D6F126-2CF0-407D-9E7A-58C8FE56C312
Etymology. The specific epithet honors the foundation that promotes research in the state of Maranh„o, FAPEMA (Foundation for Scientific and Technological Research and Development of Maranh„o).
Diagnosis. Lunule reduced to a ribbon-shaped dark brown sclerite.Clypeus pubescent,shiny only on anteroventral margin. Coxa and fore femur moderately dilated. Tibial spine short. Cercus strongly reduced, inconspicuous.
Description. Holotype ♁. Body length: 7.6 mm. Wing length: 3.9 mm.
Head (Figs 1–4). Subtriangular in frontal view, strongly excavated at vertex. Eyes oval, about 1.5X higher than long. Frons predominantly brown including ocellar tubercle, ventral margin of frons, margin of eyes and region surrounding ocellar tubercle dark yellow, extended to occiput; brown and yellow pubescence, sparse in the brown and yellow areas respectively; ocellar tubercle shiny. Frons with weak and sparse brown setae distributed up to median region between second pair of fronto-orbitals and inner verticals. Two pairs of fronto-orbital setae, first pair very short and weak, as short and weak as the genal setae. Postcranium brown on dorsal 1/2, yellow on ventral 1/2, same color as median sclerite; shiny with sparse setae on dorsal 1/2. Antenna entirely dark yellow, pedicel and postpedicel slightly darker; scape with sparse clear setae on dorsomedial distal margin. Pedicel with a long, strong seta on dorsal surface, bearing a ring of dark brown to black setae, slightly shorter and weaker at distal end; postpedicel “kidney”-shaped, almost 1.5X higher than long, with pale pubescence except for dark pubescence on dorsal surface and distal end; arista predominantly dark brown to black, except for two yellow proximal segments, glabrous, about 3X longer than antenna. Lunule dark brown, a simple, “ribbon”-shaped sclerite. Face light brown to brown, except for a yellow square between antennae, pubescence predominantly golden yellow, except for small patch of brown pubescence at the middle of face, facial calluses and ventral margin sub-shiny to shiny. Parafacial yellow, golden yellow pubescent. Oral vibrissa long and strong, as long as and stronger than genal seta. Gena light brown, except for brown genal groove; setae weak, sparse, slightly stronger on dorsal margin, light brown to brown, base of setae glabrous, forming reticles on gena; gena with a strong and long, upturned seta, as long and strong than vibrissa. Postgena yellow, sub-shiny, with weak and sparse light-yellow setae. Clypeus brown, with dense whitish pubescence, except for shiny anteroventral margin. Palpus yellow, except for brown proximal end, with dark yellow setae, weak and of varying sizes, interspersed with longer and stronger setae; palpus with long, stout brown seta at the distal end. Proboscis light brown to brown; about 2.5X longer than palpus, sub-shiny, partially sclerotized, labella light brown to brown, with short, sparse light-yellow setae.
Thorax (Figs 1–2, 5). Mesonotum reddish-brown, with greenish-yellow pruinose median strip slightly lighter, between rows of dorsocentral setae; prescutellar region dark yellow, sub-shiny, with sparse golden-yellow pubescence. Scutellum subtrapezoidal with median longitudinal depression, dark yellow to light brown, except for brown laterodistal region, with minute, whitish, dense setae around the proximal scutellar seta; scutellum with two pairs of macrosetae, the first proximal and the second distal, subequal in thickness and length, dark brown to black. Chaetotaxy: 0+2 dorsocentrals, both setae arranged postsuturally, subequal in thickness and length, prescutellar acrostichal seta absent, 1 postpronotal (along with some setulae), 1 presutural intra-alar, 1 postsutural intra-alar, 2 notopleural (posterior setae slightly longer and stronger), 1 supra-alar as long and strong as the first notopleural, 1 postalar (as long and strong as the scutellar proximal setae). Pleuron light brown to brown, greenish-yellow pruinose, slightly darker anteromedially from the anepisternum and median from the katepisternum; pleuron with shiny areas and areas with white pubescence forming small whitish spots from the proepisternum region to the anatergite; pleuron without setae, except for the two katepisternal setae, the posterior seta slightly longer and stronger than anterior one.
Legs (Fig. 1). Generally dark yellow to light brown, setae light yellow to brown; fore coxa and femur moderately dilated; mid and hind coxae and femora not dilated. Fore femur with two rows of black, short and strong spines on the anteroventral and anterodorsal surfaces, distributed from the proximal 1/4 to the distal end. Mid femur with rows of spines, dark brown to black, slightly weaker than those of the fore femur, distributed on anteroventral and anterodorsal surfaces, denser on anteroventral surface and sparse anterodorsally; spine accompanied by yellowish setae long, longer than these. Mid tibia with ventrodistal strong spur, accompanied by five spines weaker than it, dark brown to black, distributed on the anterodorsal surface. All tarsi with first tarsomere as long as the combined length of 2nd, 3rd, and 4th tarsomeres; 5th tarsomere almost as long as the 2nd one.
Wing (Figs 2, 6). Subhyaline with smoky brown spots, especially at anterior end of cell r 1 and around transverse veins (r-m and d-m).
Abdomen (Figs 1, 7). Dark yellow to brown, sub-shiny dorsally, with sparse whitish pubescence, brown to dark brown setae, slightly longer and denser laterally. Tergites 3–5 subequal in length.
Male terminalia (Figs 8–14). Tergite 6 thin and strongly connected dorsally to sternite 7 and weakly connected ventrally to sternite 5. Sternite 7 with white pubescence on distal margin. Sternite 8 subtrapezoidal, brown, shiny, with sparse brown setae. Epandrium subglobose, brown, with long and dense brown setae, slightly weaker on anterior margin, with an oval membranous area around the anus. Cercus strongly reduced, area corresponding to cercus with stronger setae. Surstylus with short subproximal process, sparse setae, stronger at distal end; surstylus trifid distally; dorsal and ventral processes with strongly dilated apex, bearing strong setae; lateral process shorter and slender, glabrous. Phallapodeme broad and laterally flattened, similar to N. aristalis. Ejaculatory apodeme with non-dilated base, without projections, similar to the condition found in N. aristalis.
Remarks. N. fapema, sp. nov. is similar to N. aristalis in having the scutum and pleuron greenish-yellow pruinose, wing subhyaline with smoky brown spots at anterior end of r 1 cell and over transverse veins, and surstylus trifid. However, N. fapema, sp. nov. differs from N. aristalis by lunule simple, composed of a ribbon-shaped sclerite (lunule “glasses”-shaped in N. aristalis); clypeus predominantly pubescent in N. fapema, sp. nov. (clypeus predominantly shiny in N. aristalis); fore coxae and femora moderately dilated (fore coxae and femora distinctly dilated in N. aristalis); cercus strongly reduced, area corresponding to cerci only with strong setae in N. fapema, sp. nov. (cercus triangular and well developed in N. aristalis); surstylus widely dilated at distal end in internal and ventral branches in N. fapema, sp. nov. (surstylus with internal and ventral branches only slightly dilated at distal end in N. aristalis); outer branch of surstylus glabrous in N. fapema, sp. nov. (outer branch of surstylus with sparse setae in N. aristalis).
Female. Unknown.
Type material: HOLOTYPE ♁ (pinned, terminalia in microvial of plastic), deposited in CZMA: Brasil, MA[= Maranhão], Caxias, Res.[=Reserva] Ecológica do Inhamum, Ramal Sumidouro do Padre, 04°53′22′′S, 43°24′59′′W \ PET (Vinagre V.[= Vinho] Tinto + Etanol), 20 mts[=metros], 14−20.xii.2019, F. Limeira-de-Oliveira, J. C. Oliveira, J. M. Oliveira & I. Cantanhede \ FLO 5773.
Geographical record: BRAZIL: Maranhão (Caxias).
description: Published as part of Reis, Geniana Alves, Tôrres, Alice, Ale-Rocha, Rosaly & Limeira-De-Oliveira, Francisco, 2023, A new species of Neorhinotora Lopes, 1934 (Diptera: Heleomyzidae) and new records of the genus from Northeastern Brazil, pp. 571-580 in Zootaxa 5351 (5) on pages 572-575, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5351.5.5, http://zenodo.org/record/8392339