cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Interbank network reconstruction enforcing density and reciprocity
Creators: name: Macchiati, Valentina
name: Mazzarisi, Piero
name: Garlaschelli, Diego
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Risk Management (q-fin.RM)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Networks of financial exposures are the key propagators of risk and distress among banks, but their empirical structure is not publicly available because of confidentiality. This limitation has triggered the development of methods of network reconstruction from partial, aggregate information. Unfortunately, even the best methods available fail in replicating the number of directed cycles, which on the other hand play a crucial role in determining graph spectra and hence the degree of network stability and systemic risk. Here we address this challenge by exploiting the hypothesis that the statistics of higher-order cycles is strongly constrained by that of the shortest ones, i.e. by the amount of dyads with reciprocated links. First, we provide a detailed analysis of link reciprocity on the e-MID dataset of Italian banks, finding that correlations between reciprocal links systematically increase with the temporal resolution, typically changing from negative to positive around a timescale of up to 50 days. Then, we propose a new network reconstruction method capable of enforcing, only from the knowledge of aggregate interbank assets and liabilities, both a desired sparsity and a desired link reciprocity. We confirm that the addition of reciprocity dramatically improves the prediction of several structural and spectral network properties, including the largest real eigenvalue and the eccentricity of the elliptical distribution of the other eigenvalues in the complex plane. These results illustrate the importance of correctly addressing the temporal resolution and the resulting level of reciprocity in the reconstruction of financial networks.
description: Accepted to Chaos, Solitons & Fractals Journal
Additional file 1 of Beliefs and misperceptions about naloxone and overdose among U.S. laypersons: a cross-sectional study
Creators: name: Agley, Jon
name: Xiao, Yunyu
name: Eldridge, Lori
name: Meyerson, Beth
name: Golzarri-Arroyo, Lilian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. (DOCX 13 kb)
Additional file 2 of Beliefs and misperceptions about naloxone and overdose among U.S. laypersons: a cross-sectional study
Creators: name: Agley, Jon
name: Xiao, Yunyu
name: Eldridge, Lori
name: Meyerson, Beth
name: Golzarri-Arroyo, Lilian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2. (DOCX 13 kb)
Additional file 3 of Beliefs and misperceptions about naloxone and overdose among U.S. laypersons: a cross-sectional study
Creators: name: Agley, Jon
name: Xiao, Yunyu
name: Eldridge, Lori
name: Meyerson, Beth
name: Golzarri-Arroyo, Lilian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 3. (DOCX 3180 kb)
title: Background Paper: Key mitigation options to close the global 2030 ambition and action gap
title: Background Paper: Key mitigation options to close the global 2030 ambition and action gap
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Fuentes Hutfilter, Ursula
name: Attard, Marie-Camille
name: Wilson, Ryan
Publisher: name: Umweltbundesamt
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Globale Erwärmung
subject: Paris Agreement
subject: Global Warming
subject: climate policy ambition
subject: mitigation options
subject: Climate | Energy

description: Um das Langfrist-Temperaturziel des Paris-Abkommens zu erreichen, muss die Ambitions- und Aktionslücke geschlossen werden, die zwischen Paris-Abkommen konsistenten Emissionspfaden und den Emissionspfaden mit heute bestehenden Zielen und Maßnahmen für das Jahr 2030 besteht. G20-Staaten nehmen eine Schlüsselrolle ein, um diese notwendige Steigerung von Klimaschutzambition zu erreichen: Mit ihrer wirtschaftlichen Macht und kollektivem Wohlstand sowie ihrem Einfluss auf Investitionen, Technologieentwicklung und Finanzflüsse. Mit diesem Bericht wird ein Überblick über Minderungsoptionen vorgelegt, die in der aktuellen Literatur analysiert wurden und die dazu beitragen können, die Ambitionslücke zu schließen. Auf dieser Grundlage können zentrale Politikfelder und vielversprechende Optionen für zwischenstaatliche Zusammenarbeit zwischen G20-Staaten und möglicherweise weiteren Akteuren identifiziert werden. Quelle: Forschungsbericht
description: Achieving the Paris Agreement Long-term temperature goal (PA LTTG) requires closing the 2030 ambition and action gap between emissions levels consistent with the Paris Agreement and emissions levels projected with current targets and policies. G20 countries have a crucial role to play in realising increased climate policy ambition, given their economic power and prosperity, as well as their influence on investments, technology deployment and financial flows. This briefing paper provides an overview of mitigation options that have been analysed in recent literature and that can contribute to closing the emissions gap in 2030. This provides the basis to identify key policy areas and promising options for intergovernmental cooperation between the G20 nations, as well as possibly other relevant actors. Quelle: Forschungsbericht
description: Staying within the limit of the Paris Agreement of 1.5 °C global warming requires closing the global 2030 ambition and action gap arising from insufficient current policies and contributions. G20 countries have a crucial role to play in realising increased climate policy ambition, given their strong economic and political influence as well as their high share in global greenhouse gas emissions. This background paper provides an overview of mitigation options from recent literature and analyses the role of the G20 for their implementation. It provides the basis to identify key policy areas and promising options for intergovernmental cooperation between the G20 nations or other relevant actors.
title: Occupazione appropriativa e usurpativa alla luce delle sentenze della Corte Europea dei diritti dell'uomo
title: The Substantial expropriation into the C.E.D.U.'s jurisprudence
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: MARRE' BRUNENGHI, CARLO EFISIO
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Roma "Tor Vergata"
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: occupazione; espropriazione
subject: occupazione
subject: espropriazione

description: 22. ciclo
Effect of traffic-related air pollution on cough in adults with polymorphisms in several cough-related genes
Creators: name: Yoon, Michael
name: Ryu, Min Hyung
name: Huff, Ryan D.
name: Belvisi, Maria G.
name: Smith, Jaclyn
name: Carlsten, Christopher Russell
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2022

description: With prevalent global air pollution, individuals with certain genetic predispositions and sensitivities are at of higher risk of developing respiratory symptoms including chronic cough. Studies to date have relied on patient-filled questionnaires in epidemiological studies to evaluate the gene-by-environment interactions. In a controlled human exposure study, we evaluated whether genetic risk score (GRS) based on cough-related single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are associated with a cough count over 24 h post-exposure to diesel exhaust (DE), a model for traffic-related air pollution. DE is a mixture of several known air pollutants including PM₂.₅, CO, NO, NO₂, and volatile organic compounds. Under closely observed circumstances, we determined that GRS constructed from 7 SNPs related to TRPA1, TRPV1, and NK-2R were correlated with cough count. Selection of channels were based on prior knowledge that SNPs in these channels lead to acute airway inflammation as a result of their increased sensitivity to particulate matter. We performed a linear regression analysis and found a significant, positive correlation between GRS and cough count following DE exposure (p = 0.002, R² = 0.61) and filtered air (FA) exposure (p = 0.028, R² = 0.37). Although that correlation was stronger for DE than for FA, we found no significant exposure-by-GRS interaction. In summary, cough-relevant GRS was associated with a higher 24 h cough count in a controlled setting, suggesting that individuals with a high GRS may be more susceptible to developing cough regardless of their exposure. The trend towards this susceptibility being more prominent in the context of traffic-related air pollution remains to be confirmed. Trial registration: ClinicalTrial.gov NCT02236039; NCT0223603. Registered on August 11, 2014, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02236039 .
Additional file 4 of Beliefs and misperceptions about naloxone and overdose among U.S. laypersons: a cross-sectional study
Creators: name: Agley, Jon
name: Xiao, Yunyu
name: Eldridge, Lori
name: Meyerson, Beth
name: Golzarri-Arroyo, Lilian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 4. (PDF 182 kb)
CX3CL1-Driven Interaction Between Luminal 2 Stem-like Cells and CX3CR1+ Tumor-Associated Macrophages Promotes Prostate Cancer Progression
Creators: name: Wang, Shiwei
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Codes of CX3CL1-Driven Interaction Between Luminal 2 Stem-like Cells and CX3CR1+ Tumor-Associated Macrophages Promotes Prostate Cancer Progression.
Macroeconomic factors and small bank failures: the case of the Italian cooperative banks
Creators: name: MARE, DAVIDE SALVATORE
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Roma "Tor Vergata"
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Italian cooperative banks; macroeconomic variables; default probability; bank failures; panel binary response analysis
subject: Italian cooperative banks
subject: macroeconomic variables
subject: default probability
subject: bank failures
subject: panel binary response analysis

description: 22. ciclo
Optimality and Noise-Resilience of Critical Quantum Sensing
Creators: name: Alushi, Uesli
name: Górecki, Wojciech
name: Felicetti, Simone
name: Di Candia, Roberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compare critical quantum sensing to passive quantum strategies to perform frequency estimation, in the case of single-mode quadratic Hamiltonians. We show that, while in the unitary case both strategies achieve precision scaling quadratic with the number of photons, in the presence of dissipation this is true only for critical strategies. We also establish that working at the exceptional point or beyond threshold provides sub-optimal performance. This critical enhancement is due to the emergence of a transient regime in the open critical dynamics, and is invariant to temperature changes. When considering both time and system size as resources, for both strategies the precision scales linearly with the product of the total time and the number of photons, in accordance with fundamental bounds. However, we show that critical protocols outperform optimal passive strategies if preparation and measurement times are not negligible. Our results are applicable to a broad variety of critical sensors whose phenomenology can be reduced to that of a single-mode quadratic Hamiltonian, including systems described by finite-component and fully-connected models.
description: 7+12 pages, 7 figures. Main text and SM updated
Supplementary document for Optically formed rubbery waveguide inter-connects - 5485376.pdf
Creators: name: Violakis, Georgios
name: Bogris, Athanasios
name: Pispas, Stergios
name: Fytas, George
name: LOPPINET, Benoit
name: Pissadakis, Stavros
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2025
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supplemental Document
Additional file 10 of The modular nature of protein evolution: domain rearrangement rates across eukaryotic life
Creators: name: Dohmen, Elias
name: Klasberg, Steffen
name: Bornberg-Bauer, Erich
name: Perrey, Sören
name: Kemena, Carsten
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 10 GO term enrichment analysis. Tag cloud for all events at the root of mammals in the vertebrate tree.
Additional file 11 of The modular nature of protein evolution: domain rearrangement rates across eukaryotic life
Creators: name: Dohmen, Elias
name: Klasberg, Steffen
name: Bornberg-Bauer, Erich
name: Perrey, Sören
name: Kemena, Carsten
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 11 List of all species included in this study. Furthermore, for each species the related DOGMA completeness score of their proteome and version of the used genome assembly is shown.
Additional file 1 of The modular nature of protein evolution: domain rearrangement rates across eukaryotic life
Creators: name: Dohmen, Elias
name: Klasberg, Steffen
name: Bornberg-Bauer, Erich
name: Perrey, Sören
name: Kemena, Carsten
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1 Rules of inference for both parsimony approaches. The middle panel shows which two parental states (present, absent or unknown) for a domain or arrangement lead to which inference in the child node according to Dollo parsimony (left) or Fitch parsimony (right). The last line shows to what state an unknown state at the root is resolved.
Additional file 2 of The modular nature of protein evolution: domain rearrangement rates across eukaryotic life
Creators: name: Dohmen, Elias
name: Klasberg, Steffen
name: Bornberg-Bauer, Erich
name: Perrey, Sören
name: Kemena, Carsten
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2 Solution types. There are four different solution types by which a new arrangement can be explained. Exact and non-ambiguous solutions involve each just one event type (see Fig. 3b) and are called unique solutions. Ambiguous and complex solutions cannot be explained by a single event type and are called manifold solutions. Just unique solutions are considered for the rate calculation in this study.
Additional file 10 of The modular nature of protein evolution: domain rearrangement rates across eukaryotic life
Creators: name: Dohmen, Elias
name: Klasberg, Steffen
name: Bornberg-Bauer, Erich
name: Perrey, SÃ¶ren
name: Kemena, Carsten
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology

description: Additional file 10 GO term enrichment analysis. Tag cloud for all events at the root of mammals in the vertebrate tree.
Cooperation and Control in Delegation Games
Creators: name: Sourbut, Oliver
name: Hammond, Lewis
name: Wood, Harriet
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Many settings of interest involving humans and machines -- from virtual personal assistants to autonomous vehicles -- can naturally be modelled as principals (humans) delegating to agents (machines), which then interact with each other on their principals' behalf. We refer to these multi-principal, multi-agent scenarios as delegation games. In such games, there are two important failure modes: problems of control (where an agent fails to act in line their principal's preferences) and problems of cooperation (where the agents fail to work well together). In this paper we formalise and analyse these problems, further breaking them down into issues of alignment (do the players have similar preferences?) and capabilities (how competent are the players at satisfying those preferences?). We show -- theoretically and empirically -- how these measures determine the principals' welfare, how they can be estimated using limited observations, and thus how they might be used to help us design more aligned and cooperative AI systems.
description: Published at IJCAI 2024
Additional file 11 of The modular nature of protein evolution: domain rearrangement rates across eukaryotic life
Creators: name: Dohmen, Elias
name: Klasberg, Steffen
name: Bornberg-Bauer, Erich
name: Perrey, SÃ¶ren
name: Kemena, Carsten
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology

description: Additional file 11 List of all species included in this study. Furthermore, for each species the related DOGMA completeness score of their proteome and version of the used genome assembly is shown.
A comprehensive calculation of the Primakoff process and the solar axion flux
Creators: name: Wu, Quan-feng
name: Xu, Xun-Jie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Primakoff process plays a crucial role in axion production in astrophysical environments and laboratories. Given the rising interest in axion physics and many on-going experimental activities, we conduct a comprehensive calculation of this process and carefully examine several aspects that have been neglected in the literature. In particular, our calculation is valid for axions with significantly large masses, which would be of importance to axion searches utilizing crystal and liquid xenon detectors. We present the most updated calculation of the Primakoff solar axion flux, with a simple parametrization that is applicable to a broad range of axion masses up to a few tens of keV. Our code is publicly available at GitHub.
description: 26 pages, 8 figures; version accepted by JCAP; new figure added to compare various corrections; numerical code available at https://github.com/Fenyutanchan/Solar-Axion-Primakoff-Flux.git
Additional file 4 of The modular nature of protein evolution: domain rearrangement rates across eukaryotic life
Creators: name: Dohmen, Elias
name: Klasberg, Steffen
name: Bornberg-Bauer, Erich
name: Perrey, Sören
name: Kemena, Carsten
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 4 Jackknife test. Mean and standard deviation for all event type frequencies of a jackknife test with 100 replicates. For the jackknife test 3 species per clade were randomly removed and the resulting phylogeny tested with DomRates (100 repetitions).
Additional file 1 of The modular nature of protein evolution: domain rearrangement rates across eukaryotic life
Creators: name: Dohmen, Elias
name: Klasberg, Steffen
name: Bornberg-Bauer, Erich
name: Perrey, SÃ¶ren
name: Kemena, Carsten
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Medicine
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Additional file 1 Rules of inference for both parsimony approaches. The middle panel shows which two parental states (present, absent or unknown) for a domain or arrangement lead to which inference in the child node according to Dollo parsimony (left) or Fitch parsimony (right). The last line shows to what state an unknown state at the root is resolved.
Unveiling Intrinsic Many-Body Complexity by Compressing Single-Body Triviality
Creators: name: Liao, Ke
name: Ding, Lexin
name: Schilling, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The simultaneous treatment of static and dynamical correlations in strongly-correlated electron systems is a critical challenge. In particular, finding a universal scheme for identifying a single-particle orbital basis that minimizes the representational complexity of the many-body wavefunction is a formidable and longstanding problem. As a substantial contribution towards its solution, we show that the total orbital correlation actually reveals and quantifies the intrinsic complexity of the wavefunction,once it is minimized via orbital rotations. To demonstrate the power of this concept in practice, an iterative scheme is proposed to optimize the orbitals by minimizing the total orbital correlation calculated by the tailored coupled cluster singles and doubles (TCCSD) ansatz. The optimized orbitals enable the limited TCCSD ansatz to capture more non-trivial information of the many-body wavefunction, indicated by the improved wavefunction and energy. An initial application of this scheme shows great improvement of TCCSD in predicting the singlet ground state potential energy curves of the strongly correlated C$_{\rm 2}$ and Cr$_{\rm 2}$ molecule.
description: Close to published version
Supplementary document for Optically formed rubbery waveguide inter-connects - 5485376.pdf
Creators: name: Violakis, Georgios
name: Bogris, Athanasios
name: Pispas, Stergios
name: Fytas, George
name: LOPPINET, Benoit
name: Pissadakis, Stavros
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2021
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supplemental Document
Diffusion Posterior Proximal Sampling for Image Restoration
Creators: name: Wu, Hongjie
name: He, Linchao
name: Zhang, Mingqin
name: Chen, Dongdong
name: Luo, Kunming
name: Luo, Mengting
name: Zhou, Ji-Zhe
name: Chen, Hu
name: Lv, Jiancheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Diffusion models have demonstrated remarkable efficacy in generating high-quality samples. Existing diffusion-based image restoration algorithms exploit pre-trained diffusion models to leverage data priors, yet they still preserve elements inherited from the unconditional generation paradigm. These strategies initiate the denoising process with pure white noise and incorporate random noise at each generative step, leading to over-smoothed results. In this paper, we present a refined paradigm for diffusion-based image restoration. Specifically, we opt for a sample consistent with the measurement identity at each generative step, exploiting the sampling selection as an avenue for output stability and enhancement. The number of candidate samples used for selection is adaptively determined based on the signal-to-noise ratio of the timestep. Additionally, we start the restoration process with an initialization combined with the measurement signal, providing supplementary information to better align the generative process. Extensive experimental results and analyses validate that our proposed method significantly enhances image restoration performance while consuming negligible additional computational resources.
description: ACM Multimedia 2024 Oral
Additional file 2 of The modular nature of protein evolution: domain rearrangement rates across eukaryotic life
Creators: name: Dohmen, Elias
name: Klasberg, Steffen
name: Bornberg-Bauer, Erich
name: Perrey, Sören
name: Kemena, Carsten
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 2 Solution types. There are four different solution types by which a new arrangement can be explained. Exact and non-ambiguous solutions involve each just one event type (see Fig. 3b) and are called unique solutions. Ambiguous and complex solutions cannot be explained by a single event type and are called manifold solutions. Just unique solutions are considered for the rate calculation in this study.
title: From Hilbert-Pólya to Yang-Mills: Realizing the Riemann Hypothesis and the Mass Gap.
title: Convex Transport & the Glide Symmetry of Weyl Vectors
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Henderson, Ryan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Riemann, Zeta functions, automorphic forms, L-functions, riemann hypothesis, gauge theory, yang-mills, number theory, theoretical physics, prime numbers, prime distributions

description: Proof of Riemann's Hypothesis, the Birch Swinnerton-Dyer Conjecture, and the Yang Mills Mass Gap using the Hilbert-Polya operator and Weyl root geometry. Indentifying these functions as eigenfunctions of  Weyl roots as or reflections of the Weyl vectors of the E8 Lie Group.

 

 Edits to come for redudancy, some minor citation, and maintaining consistent hat style among the operators, and likely breaking the paper into multiple papers for readability.
Weak Lensing Constraints on Dark Matter-Baryon Interactions with $N$-Body Simulations and Machine Learning
Creators: name: Zhang, Chi
name: Zu, Lei
name: Chen, Hou-Zun
name: Tsai, Yue-Lin Sming
name: Fan, Yi-Zhong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the elastic scattering cross section between dark matter and protons using the DES Year 3 weak lensing data. This scattering induces a dark acoustic oscillation structure in the matter power spectra. To address non-linear effects at low redshift, we utilize principal component analysis alongside a limited set of $N$-body simulations, improving the reliability of our matter power spectrum prediction. We further perform a robust Markov Chain Monte Carlo analysis to derive the upper bounds on the DM-proton elastic scattering cross-section, assuming different velocity dependencies. Our results, presented as the first Frequentist upper limits, are compared with the ones obtained by Bayesian approach. Compared with the upper limits derived from the Planck cosmic microwave background data, our findings from DES Year 3 data exhibit improvements of up to a factor of five. In addition, we forecast the future sensitivities of the China Space Station Telescope, the upcoming capabilities of this telescope could improve the current limits by approximately one order of magnitude.
description: 24 pages, 11 figures, published in JCAP
Additional file 5 of The modular nature of protein evolution: domain rearrangement rates across eukaryotic life
Creators: name: Dohmen, Elias
name: Klasberg, Steffen
name: Bornberg-Bauer, Erich
name: Perrey, Sören
name: Kemena, Carsten
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 5 Number of rearrangement events across the insect phylogeny. Digit representation of the total number of rearrangement events at a specific node is indicated next to the pie chart. For details on ‘Outgroups’ see Methods. Significant GO terms in gained domain arrangements are shown in a tag cloud (box). GO terms that might point to insect specific evolution are: chitin metabolic process, sensory perception of taste.
Flipped Reading Methodology
Creators: name: André, Emmanuel
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Education -- Research papers (Graduate)

description: The purpose of this study was to empirically determine whether the Flipped Reading methodology significantly improves reading achievement. The measurement tool was two separate HSA benchmark exams. This study involved use of a quasi experimental pretest-posttest design to measure the data collected from those exams. The results of the study indicate that the researcher’s null hypothesis that there was no statistically significant difference in the reading achievement of students using the Flipped Reading Methodology versus a more traditional approach should be accepted. Research in this area should continue as there is very little information available regarding various approaches to reading comprehension and the various factors that can affect reading comprehension.
Harm reduction calls to action from young people who use drugs on the streets of Vancouver and Lisbon
Creators: name: Canêdo, Joana
name: Sedgemore, Kali-Olt
name: Ebbert, Kelly
name: Anderson, Haleigh
name: Dykeman, Rainbow
name: Kincaid, Katey
name: Dias, Claudia
name: Silva, Diana
name: Youth Health Advisory Council
name: Charlesworth, Reith
name: Knight, Rod E.
name: Fast, Danya
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2022

description: Vancouver, Canada, and Lisbon, Portugal, are both celebrated for their world-leading harm reduction policies and programs and regarded as models for other cities contending with the effects of increasing levels of drug use in the context of growing urban poverty. However, we challenge the notion that internationally celebrated places like Lisbon and Vancouver are meeting the harm reduction needs of young people who use drugs (YPWUD; referring here to individuals between the ages of 14 and 29). In particular, the needs of YPWUD in the context of unstable housing, homelessness, and ongoing poverty—a context which we summarize here as “street involvement”—are not being adequately met. We are a group of community and academic researchers and activists working in Vancouver, Lisbon, and Pittsburgh. Most of us identify as YPWUD and have lived and living experience with the issues described in this comment. We make several calls to action to support the harm reduction needs of YPWUD in the context of street involvement in and beyond our settings.
Think Fast, Think Slow, Think Critical: Designing an Automated Propaganda Detection Tool
Creators: name: Zavolokina, Liudmila
name: Sprenkamp, Kilian
name: Katashinskaya, Zoya
name: Jones, Daniel Gordon
name: Schwabe, Gerhard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In today's digital age, characterized by rapid news consumption and increasing vulnerability to propaganda, fostering citizens' critical thinking is crucial for stable democracies. This paper introduces the design of ClarifAI, a novel automated propaganda detection tool designed to nudge readers towards more critical news consumption by activating the analytical mode of thinking, following Kahneman's dual-system theory of cognition. Using Large Language Models, ClarifAI detects propaganda in news articles and provides context-rich explanations, enhancing users' understanding and critical thinking. Our contribution is threefold: first, we propose the design of ClarifAI; second, in an online experiment, we demonstrate that this design effectively encourages news readers to engage in more critical reading; and third, we emphasize the value of explanations for fostering critical thinking. The study thus offers both a practical tool and useful design knowledge for mitigating propaganda in digital news.
description: The paper is accepted for publication in proceedings of the CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (2024)
Investigation of the determination of nuclear deformation using high-energy heavy-ion scattering
Creators: name: Watanabe, Shin
name: Furumoto, Takenori
name: Horiuchi, Wataru
name: Suhara, Tadahiro
name: Taniguchi, Yasutaka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Background: Nuclear deformation provides a crucial characteristic of nuclear structure. Conventionally, the quadrupole deformation length of a nucleus, $δ_{2}$, has often been determined based on a macroscopic model through a deformed nuclear potential with the deformation length $δ^{\rm (pot)}_{2}$, which is determined to reproduce the nuclear scattering data. This approach assumes $δ_{2}=δ^{\rm (pot)}_{2}$ although there is no theoretical foundation. Purpose: We clarify the relationship between $δ_{2}$ and $δ^{\rm (pot)}_{2}$ for high-energy heavy-ion scattering systematically to evaluate the validity of the conventional approach to determine the nuclear deformation. Method: The deformation lengths for the $^{12}$C inelastic scattering by $^{12}$C, $^{16}$O, $^{40}$Ca, and $^{208}$Pb targets at $E/A$ = 50--400 MeV are examined. First, we perform microscopic coupled-channel (CC) calculations to relate $δ_{2}$ of the deformed density into the inelastic scattering cross section. Second, we use the deformed potential model to determine $δ^{\rm (pot)}_{2}$ so as to reproduce the microscopic CC result. We then compare $δ^{\rm (pot)}_{2}$ with $δ_{2}$. Results: We find that $δ^{\rm (pot)}_{2}$ is about 20--40 \% smaller than presumed $δ_{2}$, showing strong energy and target dependence. Further analysis, which considers higher-order deformation effects beyond the derivative model, reveals that $δ^{\rm (pot)}_{2}$ is still about 15--35 \% smaller than $δ_{2}$. Conclusion: Our results suggest that one needs to be careful when the deformed potential model for the high-energy heavy-ion scattering is used to extract the nuclear deformation. The conventional approach may underestimate the deformation length $δ_2$ systematically.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
Additional file 6 of The modular nature of protein evolution: domain rearrangement rates across eukaryotic life
Creators: name: Dohmen, Elias
name: Klasberg, Steffen
name: Bornberg-Bauer, Erich
name: Perrey, Sören
name: Kemena, Carsten
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 6 Number of rearrangement events across the vertebrate phylogeny. Digit representation of the total number of rearrangement events at a specific node is indicated next to the pie chart. For details on ‘Outgroups’ see Methods. Significant GO terms in gained domain arrangements are shown in a tag cloud (box). GO terms related to vertebrate evolution are strongly associated with regulation and signal transduction.
Additional file 4 of The modular nature of protein evolution: domain rearrangement rates across eukaryotic life
Creators: name: Dohmen, Elias
name: Klasberg, Steffen
name: Bornberg-Bauer, Erich
name: Perrey, SÃ¶ren
name: Kemena, Carsten
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology

description: Additional file 4 Jackknife test. Mean and standard deviation for all event type frequencies of a jackknife test with 100 replicates. For the jackknife test 3 species per clade were randomly removed and the resulting phylogeny tested with DomRates (100 repetitions).
Resolved ALMA observations of water in the inner astronomical units of the HL Tau disk
Creators: name: Facchini, Stefano
name: Testi, Leonardo
name: Humphreys, Elizabeth
name: Donckt, Mathieu Vander
name: Isella, Andrea
name: Wrzosek, Ramon
name: Baudry, Alain
name: Gray, Malcom D.
name: Richards, Anita M. S.
name: Vlemmings, Wouter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The water molecule is a key ingredient in the formation of planetary systems, with the water snowline being a favourable location for the growth of massive planetary cores. Here we present Atacama Large Millimeter/ submillimeter Array data of the ringed protoplanetary disk orbiting the young star HL Tauri that show centrally peaked, bright emission arising from three distinct transitions of the main water isotopologue. The spatially and spectrally resolved water content probes gas in a thermal range down to the water sublimation temperature. Our analysis implies a stringent lower limit of 3.7 Earth oceans of water vapour available within the inner 17 astronomical units of the system. We show that our observations are limited to probing the water content in the atmosphere of the disk, due to the high dust column density and absorption, and indicate that the main water isotopologue is the best tracer to spatially resolve water vapour in protoplanetary disks.
description: Published in Nature Astronomy (2024), arXiv version presents text and figures before proofing
Additional file 7 of The modular nature of protein evolution: domain rearrangement rates across eukaryotic life
Creators: name: Dohmen, Elias
name: Klasberg, Steffen
name: Bornberg-Bauer, Erich
name: Perrey, Sören
name: Kemena, Carsten
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 7 Number of rearrangement events across the fungi phylogeny. Digit representation of the total number of rearrangement events at a specific node is indicated next to the pie chart. For details on ’Outgroups’ see Methods. Significant GO terms in gained domain arrangements are shown in a tag cloud (box).
Strategie neuroprotettive nell'ischemia cerebrale sperimentale
Creators: name: BARONE, ILARIA
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Roma "Tor Vergata"
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: corticostriatal synaptic plasticity; electrophysiology; middle cerebral artery occlusion; mitochondrial respiratory chain
subject: elettrofisiologia; ischemia; occlusione dell’arteria cerebrale media; plasticità sinaptica corticostriatale; catena respiratoria mitocondriale
subject: corticostriatal synaptic plasticity
subject: electrophysiology
subject: middle cerebral artery occlusion
subject: mitochondrial respiratory chain
subject: elettrofisiologia
subject: ischemia
subject: occlusione dell’arteria cerebrale media
subject: plasticità sinaptica corticostriatale
subject: catena respiratoria mitocondriale

description: 20. ciclo
Hybrid magnon-phonon cavity for large-amplitude terahertz spin-wave excitation
Creators: name: Zhuang, Shihao
name: Zhang, Xufeng
name: Zhu, Yujie
name: Sun, Nian X.
name: Eom, Chang-Beom
name: Evans, Paul G.
name: Hu, Jia-Mian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Terahertz (THz) spin waves or their quanta, magnons, can be efficiently excited by acoustic phonons because these excitations have similar wavevectors in the THz regime. THz acoustic phonons can be produced using photoacoustic phenomena but typically have a low population and thus a relatively low displacement amplitude. The magnetization amplitude and population of the acoustically excited THz magnons are thus usually small. Using analytical calculations and dynamical phase-field simulations, we show that a freestanding metal/magnetic-insulator (MI)/dielectric multilayer can be designed to produce large-amplitude THz spin wave via cavity-enhanced magnon-phonon interaction. The amplitude of the acoustically excited THz spin wave in the freestanding multilayer is predicted to be more than ten times larger than in a substrate-supported multilayer. Acoustically excited nonlinear magnon-magnon interaction is demonstrated in the freestanding multilayer. The simulations also indicate that the magnon modes can be detected by probing the charge current in the metal layer generated via spin-charge conversion across the MI/metal interface and the resulting THz radiation. Applications of the freestanding multilayer in THz optoelectronic transduction are computationally demonstrated.
Observing the Effect of Grain Refinement on Crystal Growth of Al and Mg Alloys during Solidification Using In-Situ Neutron Diffraction
Creators: name: Elsayed, Abdallah
name: D’Elia, Francesco
name: Ravindran, Comondore
name: Sediako, Dimitry
Publisher: name: Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Year: 2022

description: The present research uses in-situ neutron diffraction to examine the effect of grain refinement on grain growth during solidification of Al-5 wt.% Cu and Mg-5 wt.% Zn alloys. The alloys were grain refined through additions of Al-5Ti-1B and Zr, respectively. The in-situ neutron diffraction experiments were carried out by heating the alloys to temperatures above the liquidus and subsequently cooling in 5 or 10 °C temperature steps to temperatures below solidus, while being irradiated by thermal neutrons. With the addition of grain refiners, grain size reductions of 92% were observed for both the Al-5 wt.% Cu and Mg-5 wt.% Zn alloys. The refined and unrefined Al-5 wt.% Cu alloys contained α-Al with Al2Cu along the grain boundary regions. Differences in Al2Cu morphology were observed in the grain refined alloys. The Mg-5 wt.% Zn alloy contained MgZn intermetallic phases with primary Mg. The refined Mg-5 wt.% Zn-0.7 wt.% Zr alloy contained Mg, MgZn and Zn2Zr phases. In-situ neutron diffraction enabled quantification of individual plane solid fraction growth for the α-Al and Al2Cu phases in the Al-Cu alloys, and for α-Mg in the Mg alloys. For the unrefined Al-5 wt.% Cu, the coarse microstructure resulted in a rapid solid fraction rise at temperatures just below liquidus followed by a gradual increase in solid fraction until the sample was fully solid. The grain-refined Al-5 wt.% Cu alloys showed a columnar to equiaxed microstructure transition and a more gradual growth in fraction solid throughout solidification. For the Mg-5 wt.% Zn alloy, the more packed (0002) and (101¯1) α-Mg plane intensities grew at a slower rate than the (101¯0) plane intensity, resulting in an irregular grain structure. With the addition of the Zr grain refiner, the Mg-5 wt.% Zn-0.7 wt.% Zr alloy had (101¯0), (0002) and (101¯1) planes intensities all increasing at similar rates, especially at the early stages of solidification. FactSage™ (version 6.4, Montréal, QC, Canada) equilibrium solidification models followed the fraction solid curves developed by tracking the fastest growing planes of the Mg alloys.
title: Ruolo immunomodulatorio della 1,25(OH)2D3 con particolare attenzione ai pazienti affetti da epatopatia HCV-positiva
title: Immunomodulatory role of 1,25(OH)2D3 with particular interest on HCV-positive hepatopathic patients
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: ALMERIGHI, CRISTIANA
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Roma "Tor Vergata"
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: 1,25(OH2)D3; HCV; CD40L; monociti; linfociti; citochine; immunosoppressione; epatopatia
subject: 1
subject: 25(OH2)D3
subject: HCV
subject: CD40L
subject: monociti
subject: linfociti
subject: citochine
subject: immunosoppressione
subject: epatopatia

description: 21. ciclo
Overcoming the cohesive zone limit in the modelling of composites delamination with TUBA cohesive elements
Creators: name: Balducci, Giorgio Tosti
name: Chen, Boyang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The wide adoption of composite structures in the aerospace industry requires reliable numerical methods to account for the effects of various damage mechanisms, including delamination. Cohesive elements are a versatile and physically representative way of modelling delamination. However, using their standard form which conforms to solid substrate elements, multiple elements are required in the narrow cohesive zone, thereby requiring an excessively fine mesh and hindering the applicability in practical scenarios. The present work focuses on the implementation and testing of triangular thin plate substrate elements and compatible cohesive elements, which satisfy C1-continuity in the domain. The improved regularity meets the continuity requirement coming from the Kirchhoff Plate Theory and the triangular shape allows for conformity to complex geometries. The overall model is validated for mode I delamination, the case with the smallest cohesive zone. Very accurate predictions of the limit load and crack propagation phase are achieved, using elements as large as 11 times the cohesive zone.
Additional file 8 of The modular nature of protein evolution: domain rearrangement rates across eukaryotic life
Creators: name: Dohmen, Elias
name: Klasberg, Steffen
name: Bornberg-Bauer, Erich
name: Perrey, Sören
name: Kemena, Carsten
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 8 Number of rearrangement events across the monocot phylogeny. Digit representation of the total number of rearrangement events at a specific node is indicated next to the pie chart. For details on ’Outgroups’ see Methods. Significant GO terms in gained domain arrangements are shown in a tag cloud (box). GO terms that might point to monocot specific evolution are: ’recognition of pollen’.
Continuous Gravitational Waves: A New Window to Look for Heavy Non-annihilating Dark Matter
Creators: name: Bhattacharya, Sulagna
name: Miller, Andrew L.
name: Ray, Anupam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Sun-like stars can transmute into comparable mass black holes by steadily accumulating heavy non-annihilating dark matter particles over the course of their lives. If such stars form in binary systems, they could give rise to quasi-monochromatic, persistent gravitational waves, commonly known as continuous gravitational waves, as they inspiral toward one another. We demonstrate that next-generation space-based detectors, e.g., Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) and Big Bang Observer (BBO), can provide novel constraints on dark matter parameters (dark matter mass and its interaction cross-section with the nucleons) by probing gravitational waves from transmuted Sun-like stars that are in close binaries. Our projected constraints depend on several astrophysical uncertainties, nevertheless, are competitive with the existing constraints obtained from cosmological measurements as well as terrestrial direct searches, demonstrating a notable science-case for these space-based gravitational wave detectors as probes of particle dark matter.
description: v2: 12 pages, 4 figures. Minor clarifications added, conclusion unchanged. Matches version published in PRD