cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Tetralophosa Gazave, Lapebie, Ereskovsky, Vacelet, Renard, Cardenas & Borchiellini 2012
Creators: name: Van Soest, Rob W. M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Porifera
Homoscleromorpha
Homosclerophorida
Plakinidae
Tetralophosa

description: Tetralophosa Gazave, Lapébie, Ereskovsky, Vacelet, Renard, Cárdenas & Borchiellini (2012)
Tetralophosa Gazave, Lapébie, Ereskovsky, Vacelet, Renard, Cárdenas & Borchiellini, 2012: supplement 10750, 2011, 842, MOESM1, ESM, p. 2.
This ‘genus’ was erected under the rules of the Phylocode, which does not recognize ranks or type species. The ‘definition’ of Tetralophosa is quoted from the original paper: ‘(nomen cladi novum) (branch-based) the most inclusive clade containing Plakina trilopha Schulze, 1880 and not Plakina monolopha Schulze, 1880 and Corticium candelabrum Schmidt, 1862 ’. The ‘genus’ name is here considered unavailable, and the contents are to be reverted to the synonymy of genus Plakina Schulze, 1880 until their status as members of Homosclerophorida have been made under the Code of the ICZN. Phylocode and Linnean classifications show fundamental differences. The WPD and WoRMS have committed themselves to the latter.
description: Published as part of Van Soest, Rob W. M., 2024, Correcting sponge names: nomenclatural update of lower taxa level Porifera, pp. 1-122 in Zootaxa 5398 (1) on pages 91-92, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5398.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10494167
Analysis of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in raw materials intended for the production of paper-based food contact materials – evaluating LC-MS/MS versus total fluorine and extractable organic fluorine
Creators: name: Jovanović, Milica
name: Müller, Viktoria
name: Feldmann, Jörg
name: Leitner, Erich
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) analysis has become crucial due to their presence in the environment, their persistence and potential health risks. These compounds are commonly used in food contact materials (FCM) as a coating to provide water and grease-repellent properties. One of the pathways for PFAS to enter the human body is either through direct consumption of contaminated food or indirectly through migration from FCM into food. The purpose of this study was to investigate where the initial contamination of paper FCM occurs. We analysed paper material consisting of fresh fibre and secondary materials, intended to produce food packaging for the presence of PFAS. The samples were extracted and analysed for 23 different PFAS substances using the targeted approach with LC tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). This analytical technique detects specific, easily ionisable PFAS with high sensitivity. However, one drawback of this approach is that it allows the identification of less than 1% of the PFAS known today. For this reason, we used combustion ion chromatography (CIC) to determine the content of extractable organic fluorine compounds (EOF) and compare it to the total fluorine content. The targeted analysis using LC-MS/MS measured an average sum concentration of PFAS of 0.17 ng g−1 sample. Our research shows that the primary PFAS contamination happens during the recycling process since all of the samples in which the targeted PFAS were measured belonged to the secondary material. The most frequently detected analytes were PFOA and PFOS, detected in 90% and 62% of the samples, respectively, followed by PFBS (in 29% of the samples). CIC showed that measured PFAS via LC-MS/MS amount to an average of 2.7 × 10−4% of total fluorine content, whereas the EOF was under the LOD in all of the measured samples. This result highlights the complexity of the accurate determination of PFAS compounds, displaying what kind of information the chosen methods provide.
Adelocephala purpurascens
Creators: name: Bénéluz, Frédéric
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Saturniidae
Adelocephala
Adelocephala purpurascens

description: Othorene purpurascens (Schaus, 1905).
Adelocephala purpurascens Schaus, 1905: 182.
Othorene purpurascens – Lemaire 1988b: 182.
DÉTERMINATION. — Morphologique.Moléculaire (BOLD:ABY6454).
LOCALITÉ TYPE. — Guyane: Saint-Jean-du-Maroni (Schaus 1905).
RÉPARTITION GÉOGRAPHIQUE. — Un des Saturniidae les plus répandus en Amérique tropicale (Lemaire 1988b).
DISTRIBUTION EN GUYANE. — Connu des trois zones biogéographiques.
HABITAT EN GUYANE. — Forêts primaire et secondaire, savane.
MATÉRIEL DU MITARAKA EXAMINÉ. — Guyane • 1 ♂; Maripasoula, Mitaraka, DZ Coulé-Coulé; 2°43’30”N, 54°47’30”W; 21.X.2004, J.-P. Champenois leg.; Coll. BH (no. 21552) • 1 ♂; Maripasoula, Mitaraka,Crique Alama (DZ); alt. 310 m; 2°14’1.9”N, 54°27’38.1”W; La Planète revisitée, MNHN / PNI Guyane; APA-973-1; 23.II-26. III.2015; E. Poirier leg.; MNHN • 1♂; Maripasoula, Mitaraka, Crique Alama (DZ); alt. 310 m; 2°14’1.9”N, 54°27’38.1”W; La Planète revisitée, MNHN / PNI Guyane; autorisation APA-973-2; 11-21.VIII.2015; FB leg.; Coll. FB.
description: Published as part of Bénéluz, Frédéric, 2021, Liste commentée des Saturniidae (Lepidoptera, Bombycoidea) de Guyane, avec la liste des taxons récoltés au Mitaraka (extrême sud-ouest guyanais), pp. 759-809 in Zoosystema 43 (31) on page 769, DOI: 10.5252/zoosystema2021v43a31, http://zenodo.org/record/5796817
Cell-autonomous timing drives the vertebrate segmentation clock’s wave pattern
Creators: name: Rohde, Laurel A
name: Bercowsky-Rama, Arianne
name: Valentin, Guillaume
name: Naganathan, Sundar Ram
name: Desai, Ravi A
name: Strnad, Petr
name: Soroldoni, Daniele
name: Oates, Andrew C
Publisher: name: The Francis Crick Institute
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: Signalling & Oncogenes
subject: Signalling & Oncogenes
classificationCode: Gene Expression
subject: Gene Expression
classificationCode: Developmental Biology
subject: Developmental Biology
classificationCode: Computational & Systems Biology
subject: Computational & Systems Biology
classificationCode: Model organisms
subject: Model organisms
classificationCode: Microfabrication & Bioengineering
subject: Microfabrication & Bioengineering
classificationCode: Synthetic Biology
subject: Synthetic Biology
classificationCode: Imaging
subject: Imaging

description: Rhythmic and sequential segmentation of the growing vertebrate body relies on the segmentation clock, a multi-cellular oscillating genetic network. The clock is visible as tissue-level kinematic waves of gene expression that travel through the presomitic mesoderm (PSM) and arrest at the position of each forming segment. Here, we test how this hallmark wave pattern is driven by culturing single maturing PSM cells. We compare their cell-autonomous oscillatory and arrest dynamics to those we observe in the embryo at cellular resolution, finding similarity in the relative slowing of oscillations and arrest in concert with differentiation. This shows that cell-extrinsic signals are not required by the cells to instruct the developmental program underlying the wave pattern. We show that a cell-autonomous timing activity initiates during cell exit from the tailbud, then runs down in the anterior-ward cell flow in the PSM, thereby using elapsed time to provide positional information to the clock. Exogenous FGF lengthens the duration of the cell-intrinsic timer, indicating extrinsic factors in the embryo may regulate the segmentation clock via the timer. In sum, our work suggests that a noisy cell-autonomous, intrinsic timer drives the slowing and arrest of oscillations underlying the wave pattern, while extrinsic factors in the embryo tune this timer’s duration and precision. This is a new insight into the balance of cell-intrinsic and -extrinsic mechanisms driving tissue patterning in development.
Chiriquia Morse 1900
Creators: name: Kasalo, Niko
name: Naskrecki, Piotr
name: Rebrina, Fran
name: Skejo, Josip
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Orthoptera
Tetrigidae
Chiriquia

description: Genus Chiriquia Morse, 1900
Chiriquia Morse, 1900: 5 (original description of the genus with a description of a single species, C. serrata within it). — Hancock 1902: 49 (a reproduction of the original description); 1907a: 39 (a reproduction of the original description). — Kirby 1910: 23 (catalogued). — Bruner 1910: 98 (catalogued). — Hebard 1924: 155 (catalogued). — Günther 1939: 226 (a review of the genus). — Liebermann 1955: 331 (catalogued). — Yin et al. 1996: 856 (catalogued). — Otte 1997: 41 (catalogued). — Cadena-Castañeda & Cardona Granda 2015: 477 (catalogued).
TYPE SPECIES. — Chiriquia serrata Morse, 1900, by original monotypy.
COMPOSITION AND DISTRIBUTION. — Four species of which only one, C. serrata is known to occur in Central America.
description: Published as part of Kasalo, Niko, Naskrecki, Piotr, Rebrina, Fran & Skejo, Josip, 2023, Central American Tetrigidae Rambur, 1838 (Orthoptera): a preliminary catalogue, pp. 177-212 in Zoosystema 45 (7) on page 186, DOI: 10.5252/zoosystema2023v45a7, http://zenodo.org/record/7841687
Dermatophagoides farinae Hughes 1961
Creators: name: Aykut, Medeni
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Sarcoptiformes
Pyroglyphidae
Dermatophagoides
Dermatophagoides farinae

description: Dermatophagoides farinae Hughes, 1961
Distribution in Türkiye – Ankara, Bursa, Çanakkale, Diyarbakır, Giresun, Hatay, İstanbul, İzmir, Kars, Muş, Ordu and Tekirdağ (Özkan et al. 1988; Kalpaklıoğlu et al. 1997; Güleğen et al. 2005; Aykut et al. 2013a, b; Zeytun et al. 2016; 2018; Akyazı et al. 2018; Akdemir et al. 2019; Gulkan et al. 2019; Mutlu et al. 2019; Aykut 2021; Bakay et al. 2021; Kılıç et al. 2021).
Distribution in the world – It is a cosmopolite species and its presence has been reported in all countries studied (Colloff 2009).
description: Published as part of Aykut, Medeni, 2024, An annotated checklist of house dust mites (Acari: Acariformes) of Türkiye, pp. 797-811 in Persian Journal of Acarology 13 on page 800, DOI: 10.22073/pja.v13i4.85563, http://zenodo.org/record/14668670
Cicia pelota
Creators: name: Bénéluz, Frédéric
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Saturniidae
Cicia
Cicia pelota

description: Cicia pelota (Schaus, 1905).
Adelocephala pelota Schaus, 1905: 183.
Cicia pelota – Oiticica Filho 1964: 10.
DÉTERMINATION. — Morphologique.Moléculaire (BOLD:AAE9142, AAE9143).
LOCALITÉ TYPE. — Guyane: Saint-Jean-du-Maroni (Schaus 1905).
RÉPARTITION GÉOGRAPHIQUE. — Guyano-amazonienne (Lemaire 1988b).
DISTRIBUTION EN GUYANE. — Connu des trois zones biogéographiques.
HABITAT EN GUYANE. — Forêt primaire.
MATÉRIEL DU MITARAKA EXAMINÉ. — Guyane • 1 ♂; Maripasoula, Mitaraka, Borne 1, alt. 670 m; 2°08’N, 54°25’W; 19-26.IX.2006, J.-P. Champenois leg.; Coll. BH (no. Cer0009).
REMARQUE. — Espèce observée, mais non collectée lors de la mission APA-973-2 (FB).
description: Published as part of Bénéluz, Frédéric, 2021, Liste commentée des Saturniidae (Lepidoptera, Bombycoidea) de Guyane, avec la liste des taxons récoltés au Mitaraka (extrême sud-ouest guyanais), pp. 759-809 in Zoosystema 43 (31) on page 769, DOI: 10.5252/zoosystema2021v43a31, http://zenodo.org/record/5796817
Microscopy, HPTLC, and LC-DAD-Q-ToF validation of nut-based weight-loss dietary supplements, Aleurites moluccanus (candlenut) and Bertholletia excelsa (Brazil nut)
Creators: name: Adams, Sebastian John
name: Avula, Bharathi
name: Katragunta, Kumar
name: Saroja, Seethapathy G.
name: Zhao, Jianping
name: Chittiboyina, Amar G.
name: Khan, Ikhlas A.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Aleurites moluccanus (candlenut) and Bertholletia excelsa (Brazil nut) are marketed as dietary supplements for weight loss. These dietary supplements have been found to sometimes be adulterated with toxic nuts/seeds from Cascabela thevetia, commonly known as yellow oleander or lucky nut. This study emphasizes the key identification parameters to differentiate the genuine and adulterated nuts. Samples were obtained from authenticated sources of the nuts and from commercial sources of dietary supplements. This study examined 38 samples, including voucher and commercial samples. All eight commercial candlenut dietary supplement samples were adulterated. Additionally, two samples sold as Brazil nuts were also found to be adulterated. Other nuts were screened for the presence of Cardiac Glycosides, but none were found to be positive. The presence of yellow oleander was confirmed in all commercial dietary supplement samples marketed as candlenut as well as in commercial samples of Brazil nut. This study provides simple key identification characters using micro-morphology and histochemical localization of cardiac glycosides in the commercial nuts, HPTLC fingerprints, and LC-DAD-Q-ToF analytical parameters to detect and identify adulteration in commercial products.
Hunteria Van Soest & Hooper 2020
Creators: name: Van Soest, Rob W. M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Porifera
Hexactinellida
Hexasterophora
Aphrocallistidae
Hunteria

description: Genus Hunteria Van Soest & Hooper, 2020
Genus Hunteria Van Soest & Hooper, 2020: 274.
The genus was erected to remove the homonymy of genus Deanea Bowerbank, 1875 (Van Soest et al. 2020: case nr. 119, p. 69) but the new name became a junior homonym of Hunteria Delfinado-Baker, Baker & Flechtmann, 1984 (Arachnida), which must be replaced (ICZN art. 57.2). I propose here Reiswiginella nom.nov., named after the late Henry M. Reiswig to replace Hunteria Van Soest & Hooper, 2020 with type species Deanea virgultosa Bowerbank, 1875.
description: Published as part of Van Soest, Rob W. M., 2024, Correcting sponge names: nomenclatural update of lower taxa level Porifera, pp. 1-122 in Zootaxa 5398 (1) on page 91, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5398.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10494167
Chiriquia serrata Morse 1900
Creators: name: Kasalo, Niko
name: Naskrecki, Piotr
name: Rebrina, Fran
name: Skejo, Josip
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Orthoptera
Tetrigidae
Chiriquia
Chiriquia serrata

description: Chiriquia serrata Morse, 1900
(Figs 11; 12; 13)
Chiriquia serrata Morse, 1900: 7 (original description of the species with a drawing of the pronotum and a frontal view of the head on page 7, no holotype designated, two syntypes). — Hancock 1902: 49 (reproduction of the original description); 1907a: 39 (the species occurs in Costa Rica, Nicaragua, and Panama). — Kirby 1910: 23 (catalogued). — Bruner 1910: 99 (catalogued). — Hebard 1933: 126 (catalogued). — Günther 1939: 226 (catalogued). — Maes 1989: 50 (catalogued); 1998: 114 (catalogued). — Mariño-Pérez et al. 2016: 28 (a specimen pictured in pl. 1, fig. F page 26 misidentified as C. serrata, see notes).
TYPE MATERIAL EXAMINED. — Panamá • 1 ♂ syntype; Chiriqui Volcano; 2500-4000 ft. a.s.l.; BMNH NHMUK 010924473.
ADDITIONAL MATERIAL EXAMINED. — Costa Rica • 2 specimens; Sarapiqui, La Virgen; 1920; Paul Serre leg.; MNHN-EO-CAELIF10734 • 1 specimen; Sarapiqui, La Virgen; 1920; Paul Serre leg.; MNHNEO-CAELIF10735 • 2 nymphs; Sarapiqui, La Virgen; 1920; Paul Serre leg.; MNHN-EO-CAELIF10736 • 1 specimen; Sarapiqui, La Virgen; 1920; Paul Serre leg.; MNHN-EO-CAELIF10737 • 1 ♂; 1920; Paul Serre leg.; MNHN-EO-CAELIF10733 • 1 ♂; 1920; Paul Serre leg.; MNHN-EO-CAELIF10764 • 1 ♀; Heredia, Puerto Viejo, La Selva Biological Station; Piotr Naskrecki leg. • 1 ♀; Farm Hamburg am Reventazon; 1.X.1926; Nevermann, F. leg.; ZMUH.
ADDITIONAL DATA. — See Appendix 1.
DISTRIBUTION. — Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panamá. See Figure 1.
REMARK
The specimen identified by Mariño-Pérez et al. (2016) does not belong to the genus Chiriquia, but possibly to Paratettix.
description: Published as part of Kasalo, Niko, Naskrecki, Piotr, Rebrina, Fran & Skejo, Josip, 2023, Central American Tetrigidae Rambur, 1838 (Orthoptera): a preliminary catalogue, pp. 177-212 in Zoosystema 45 (7) on pages 186-189, DOI: 10.5252/zoosystema2023v45a7, http://zenodo.org/record/7841687
Leucosolenia blanca var. bathybia Polejaeff 1883
Creators: name: Van Soest, Rob W. M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Porifera
Calcarea
Leucosolenida
Leucosoleniidae
Leucosolenia
Leucosolenia blanca
Leucosolenia blanca var. bathybia poléjaeff, 1883

description: Leucosolenia blanca var. bathybia Poléjaeff, 1883
(Fig. 10D)
Leucosolenia blanca var. bathybia Poléjaeff, 1883: 37, pl. I fig. 2, pl. III fig. 3; Topsent 1892: 22, pl. V fig. 3.
The variety was described by Poléjaeff from off the Azores, Challenger Exped. Stat. 75, 38.6167°N 28,5°W, depth 823 m (type material not identified, presumably kept in BMNH). Miklucho-Maclay (1868: 222, pl. IV figs. 1–9, pl. V figs. 10–20) described Clathrina blanca (as Guancha) from the intertidal zone of Arrecife, Lanzarote, Canary Islands, approximate coordinates 28,5°N 16.6667°W (type material not identified). One of the features distinguishing the present variety from the typical variety is the size of the specimens, up to 28 mm against less than 10 mm in the typical variety. Miklucho-Maclay’s specimens appear rather different from Poléjaeff’s description and according to Miklucho-Maclay its spicules are equiangular-equiactinal. Poléjaeff stated that the basal and paired actines differ in size (basal 1.2–1.5 x paired) and are thus parasagittal. However, parasagittal spicules are clearly also illustrated by Miklucho-Maclay (pl. V fig. 11) (also confirmed by Von Lendenfeld 1891: 219 and Imesek et al. 2014: 24, fig. 2d), so this cannot be considered a difference. Von Lendenfeld (1891: 218, pl. VIII fig. 3) considered the present variety as conspecific with the typical variety, but he only had Adriatic material.
Topsent (1936: 9–14, as Leucosolenia) discussed various individuals, shapes, and spicules, and a.o. erected an additional variety (cf. below). Burton (1930c; 1963) also classed Miklucho-Maclay’s Guancha blanca as different from Poléjaeff’s Clathrina blanca var. bathybia, but assigned it to the synonymy of the Australian Clathrina macleayi (Von Lendenfeld, 1885 as Ascetta). This latter synonymy is not likely as blanca and bathybia are both from the North Atlantic.
Possibly, both varieties are conspecific, but in view of the depth range and shape differences it is prudent to keep them as distinct for the time being. Accordingly, I propose to elevate the variety to the rank of species as Clathrina bathybia (Poléjaeff, 1883).
description: Published as part of Van Soest, Rob W. M., 2024, Correcting sponge names: nomenclatural update of lower taxa level Porifera, pp. 1-122 in Zootaxa 5398 (1) on page 92, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5398.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10494167
Dermatophagoides microceras Griffiths & Cunnington 1971
Creators: name: Aykut, Medeni
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Sarcoptiformes
Pyroglyphidae
Dermatophagoides
Dermatophagoides microceras

description: Dermatophagoides microceras Griffiths & Cunnington, 1971
Distribution in Türkiye – Diyarbakır (Aykut et al. 2013a).
Distribution in the world – England, India and Taiwan (Griffiths and Cunnington 1971; Dhaliwal et al. 2021; Hu et al. 2022).
description: Published as part of Aykut, Medeni, 2024, An annotated checklist of house dust mites (Acari: Acariformes) of Türkiye, pp. 797-811 in Persian Journal of Acarology 13 on page 800, DOI: 10.22073/pja.v13i4.85563, http://zenodo.org/record/14668670
Quantification of sixteen cannabinoids in hemp seed edible oils and the influence of thermal processing on cannabinoid contents and profiles
Creators: name: Lindekamp, Niklas
name: Triesch, Nadja
name: Rohn, Sascha
name: Weigel, Stefan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Mental Health
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: To investigate cannabinoid content and profiles, 16 cannabinoids were quantified in 30 commercial hemp seed edible oils. In addition, one hemp seed oil was subjected to thermal processing up to 200 °C for up to 60 min. UHPLC-MS/MS was used for analysis. The content of cannabinoids in the samples ranged from 9 to 279 mg kg−1 (sum) and for Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC) from 0.2 to 6.7 mg kg−1. Three samples exceeded the EU Δ9-THC equivalent maximum levels of 7.5 mg kg−1 for hemp seed oils. Cannabinoid profiles can provide indications of different product characteristics (e.g. degree of processing, variety of plant material). Furthermore, intense thermal processing (200 °C, 60 min) led to 38% decrease in sum cannabinoid content (sum of all analysed cannabinoids in this study), 99% decrease in cannabinoid acids, and 22% increase in Δ9-THC.
Knowledge, attitudes, and practices of pregnant women regarding epidural analgesia: a multicentre study from a developing country
Creators: name: Shawahna, Ramzi
name: Khaskia, Dana
name: Ali, Donya
name: Hodroj, Hajar
name: Jaber, Mohammad
name: Maqboul, Iyad
name: Hijaz, Hatim
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Epidural analgesia has emerged as one of the best methods that can be used to reduce labour pain. This study was conducted to assess awareness, attitudes, and practices of pregnant women who visited maternity and antenatal healthcare clinics about epidural analgesia during normal vaginal birth. This multicentre study was conducted in a cross-sectional design among pregnant women using a pre-tested questionnaire. The study population in this study was pregnant women who visited maternity and antenatal healthcare clinics in Palestine. In this study, a total of 389 pregnant women completed the questionnaire. Of the pregnant women, 381 (97.9%) were aware of the existence of epidural analgesia, 172 (44.2%) had already used epidural analgesia, and 57 (33.1%) experienced complications as a result of epidural analgesia. Of the pregnant women, 308 (79.2%) stated that epidural analgesia should be available during vaginal birth. Of the pregnant women, 243 (62.5%) stated that they would use epidural analgesia if offered for free or covered by insurance. Multivariate logistic regression showed that women who were younger than 32 years, who have used epidural analgesia, and those who stated that epidural analgesia should be available during vaginal birth were 2.78-fold (95% CI: 1.54–5.04), 4.96-fold (95% CI: 2.71–9.10), and 13.57-fold (95% CI: 6.54–28.16) more likely to express willingness to use epidural analgesia, respectively. Pregnant women had high awareness of the existence, moderate knowledge, and positive attitudes towards epidural analgesia for normal vaginal birth. Future studies should focus on educating pregnant women about all approaches that can be used to reduce labour pain including their risks and benefits. This study focused on what pregnant women at maternity clinics in Palestine know and think about getting epidural shots during normal births to help lessen the pain when women give birth. Most of the pregnant women have heard about epidural shots and said that these shots should be offered during normal birth. Most of the pregnant women said that they would consider using epidural shots once offered for free or covered by insurance. Younger women, those who had used an epidural before, and those who thought epidurals should be available during birth were more likely to want to use an epidural again.
Allotettix otumboides Gunther 1939
Creators: name: Kasalo, Niko
name: Naskrecki, Piotr
name: Rebrina, Fran
name: Skejo, Josip
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Orthoptera
Tetrigidae
Allotettix
Allotettix otumboides

description: Allotettix otumboides Günther, 1939
(Fig. 10)
Allotettix otumboides Günther, 1939: 259 (original description of the species, 3 syntypes and 3 paratypes designated). — Weidner & Wagner 1968: 128 (2 syntypes deposited at ZMUH). — Dey & Husemann 2018: 27 (2 paratypes deposited at ZMUH).
TYPE MATERIAL EXAMINED. — Peru • 1 ♀ syntype; Callanga; O. Staudinger leg.; SMTD • 1 ♂ syntype; Callanga; O. Staudinger leg.; ZMUH.
Bolivia • 1 ♂ paratype, 1 ♀ paratype; La Paz, Coroico; O. Staudinger leg.; NMW.
ADDITIONAL MATERIAL EXAMINED. — Costa Rica • 1 ♀; Env. de Cartago; 1800 m a.s.l.; 1910; G. Picado leg.; MNHN-EO-CAELIF10742 • 1 ♂; Env. de Cartago; 1800 m a.s.l.; 1910; G. Picado leg.; MNHN-EO-CAELIF10743.
DISTRIBUTION. — Costa Rica. See Figure 1.
REMARK
No living specimens have been found in Central America.
description: Published as part of Kasalo, Niko, Naskrecki, Piotr, Rebrina, Fran & Skejo, Josip, 2023, Central American Tetrigidae Rambur, 1838 (Orthoptera): a preliminary catalogue, pp. 177-212 in Zoosystema 45 (7) on page 186, DOI: 10.5252/zoosystema2023v45a7, http://zenodo.org/record/7841687
Psilopygoides oda
Creators: name: Bénéluz, Frédéric
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Saturniidae
Psilopygoides
Psilopygoides oda

description: Psilopygoides oda (Schaus, 1905).
Adelocephala oda Schaus, 1905: 183.
Psilopygoides oda – Michener 1952: 397.
DÉTERMINATION. — Morphologique.Moléculaire (BOLD:AAE8298).
LOCALITÉ TYPE. — Guyane: Saint-Jean-du-Maroni (Schaus 1905).
RÉPARTITION GÉOGRAPHIQUE. — Guyano-amazonienne (Lemaire 1988b).
DISTRIBUTION EN GUYANE. — Connu des trois zones biogéographiques.
HABITAT EN GUYANE. — Forêt primaire.
MATÉRIEL DU MITARAKA EXAMINÉ. — Guyane • 2 ♂; Maripasoula, Mitaraka, Borne 1, alt. 670 m; 2°08’N, 54°25’W; 19-26.IX.2006, J.-P. Champenois leg.; Coll. BH (no. Cer 0004 et Cer 0005) • 1 ♂ 1 ♀; Maripasoula, Mitaraka, Crique Alama (DZ); alt. 310 m; 2°14’1.9”N, 54°27’38.1”W; La Planète revisitée, MNHN / PNI Guyane; APA-973-1; 23.II-26.III.2015; E. Poirier leg.; MNHN • 2 ♂; mêmes données que précédent; Coll. FB.
description: Published as part of Bénéluz, Frédéric, 2021, Liste commentée des Saturniidae (Lepidoptera, Bombycoidea) de Guyane, avec la liste des taxons récoltés au Mitaraka (extrême sud-ouest guyanais), pp. 759-809 in Zoosystema 43 (31) on page 769, DOI: 10.5252/zoosystema2021v43a31, http://zenodo.org/record/5796817
Leucosolenia blanca var. brevicaulis Topsent 1936
Creators: name: Van Soest, Rob W. M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Porifera
Calcarea
Leucosolenida
Leucosoleniidae
Leucosolenia
Leucosolenia blanca
Leucosolenia blanca var. brevicaulis topsent, 1936

description: Leucosolenia blanca var. brevicaulis Topsent, 1936
(Fig. 10E)
Leucosolenia blanca var. brevicaulis Topsent, 1936: 10, fig. 4.
The variety was erected by Topsent for specimens of Clathrina blanca (as Leucosolenia) from Banyuls, Mediterranean coast of France, 42.4774°N 3.1575°E, no depth given (type material not identified but presumably kept in MNHN), that do not form clathroid anastomosing bodies, but instead retain a cormus of branching tubes on a short stalk. These ‘olynthus’ bushes are assumed to be juvenile or poorly developed shapes ultimately changing to the characteristic stalked globular bodies of the Guancha - type of Miklucho-Maclay (1868). The shape of the short stalk of the variety differs from the less conspicuous stalk of the juvenile ‘olynthus’ shapes of the typical variety C. blanca (described by Miklucho-Maclay (as Guancha) from the intertidal zone of Arrecife, Lanzarote, Canary Islands, approximate coordinates 28.5°N 16.6667°W, type material not identified), which grade more unabruptly into a thin tube shape.
Topsent contrasted his discussion of C. blanca to Burton’s (1930c: 2) attempt to lump a large set of Clathrina species of various shapes, spicule dimensions and geographic origins into a single species which he named C. macleayi (Von Lendenfeld, 1885 as Ascetta). Van Soest & De Voogd (2015: 16–17, fig. 9) examined one of the Indonesian specimens described by Burton (1930c) as C. macleayi and concluded that they belonged to C. stipitata (Dendy, 1891: 51 as Leucosolenia) rather than to C. macleayi. The contrasting views make it difficult to decide the status of the various forms, which induces me to consider the named forms as potentially valid until a gene sequence-assisted analysis has been performed. Accordingly, I propose to elevate the variety to the rank of species as Clathrina brevicaulis (Topsent, 1936).
description: Published as part of Van Soest, Rob W. M., 2024, Correcting sponge names: nomenclatural update of lower taxa level Porifera, pp. 1-122 in Zootaxa 5398 (1) on pages 92-93, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5398.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10494167
Crimisus Bolivar 1887
Creators: name: Kasalo, Niko
name: Naskrecki, Piotr
name: Rebrina, Fran
name: Skejo, Josip
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Orthoptera
Tetrigidae
Crimisus

description: Genus Crimisus Bolívar, 1887
Crimisus Bolivar, 1887: 246 (original description of the genus, no type species designation). — Hancock 1907a: 40 (reproduction of the original description, translated into English). — Kirby 1910: 24 (C. patruus designated as the type species). — Günther 1939: 238 (detailed diagnosis). — Yin et al. 1996: 861 (catalogued). — Otte 1997: 43 (catalogued).
TYPE SPECIES. — Crimisus patruus Bolívar, 1887, designated by Kirby (1910).
COMPOSITION AND DISTRIBUTION. — 12 species of which 11 inhabit South America. Only C. costaricensis Günther, 1939 is known to occur in Central America. A potentially new undescribed species has been observed.
description: Published as part of Kasalo, Niko, Naskrecki, Piotr, Rebrina, Fran & Skejo, Josip, 2023, Central American Tetrigidae Rambur, 1838 (Orthoptera): a preliminary catalogue, pp. 177-212 in Zoosystema 45 (7) on page 189, DOI: 10.5252/zoosystema2023v45a7, http://zenodo.org/record/7841687
title: Shift of Political Trust in Ukraine during the War
Creators: name: Reshetova, Nataliya
Publisher: name: GESIS - Leibniz Institute for the Social Sciences
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/018afyw53
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Preprints
subject: Corruption in Ukraine
subject: Democratic Performance
subject: Political Trust
subject: Public Opinion in Ukraine
subject: Trust in Institutions
subject: War Impact on Society
subject: War in Ukraine

description: The research aims to explain the recent shifts in the trust in state institutions and foresee further democratic performance in society. Since 2022, trust in institutions in Ukraine has drastically changed. The importance of research is rooted in the democratic development of Ukraine and explains the main impediments to political trust in the time of war and the phenomena of the appearance of the new institutions that have gained the biggest trust during the war. The paper examines the recent trends in political trust in Ukraine.
description: Ziel der Untersuchung ist es, die jüngsten Veränderungen im Vertrauen in staatliche Institutionen zu erklären und die weitere Entwicklung der Demokratie in der Gesellschaft vorherzusagen. Seit 2022 hat sich das Vertrauen in die Institutionen in der Ukraine drastisch verändert. Die Bedeutung der Forschung liegt in der demokratischen Entwicklung der Ukraine begründet und erklärt die Haupthindernisse für politisches Vertrauen in der Zeit des Krieges und die Phänomene des Auftretens der neuen Institutionen, die das größte Vertrauen während des Krieges gewonnen haben. Das Papier untersucht die jüngsten Trends im politischen Vertrauen in der Ukraine.
description: GESIS Blog
Leucetta primigenia var. megalirrhaphis Ridley 1884
Creators: name: Van Soest, Rob W. M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Porifera
Calcarea
Clathrinida
Leucettidae
Leucetta
Leucetta primigenia
Leucetta primigenia var. megalirrhaphis ridley, 1884

description: Leucetta primigenia var. megalirrhaphis Ridley, 1884
Leucetta primigenia var. megalirrhaphis Ridley, 1884: 628 (no illustration).
The variety was described by Ridley from the Seychelles, no further locality data, approximate coordinates 4.9°S 55.5°E, depth 22 m. This is a puzzling taxon, presumably represented by BMNH specimens labeled Leucetta primigenia var. megaraphis, reg nr. 1882.10.17.59 (cf. Burton, 1963) and a wet specimen kept in BMNH 1955.11.2.122 (according to the BMNH specimens Data Portal https://data.nhm.ac.uk/dataset/56e711e6-c847-4f99- 915a-6894bb5c5dea/resource/05ff2255-c38a-40c9-b657-4ccb55ab2feb/record/2760023, status unclear). Ridley erected the name Leucetta. primigenia var. megalirrhaphis for two specimens of brown colour (in alcohol), but cited L.p. var. megaraphis Haeckel, 1872: 119 as a presumed synonym. Ridley did not explain why he erected the new name (it could be a misspelling), but possibly he acknowledged by this that the Seychelles specimens were not likely to be the same variety as Haeckel’s type from the Adriatic (no further locality data). Von Lendenfeld (1888: 7) reported Leucetta megarrhaphis (sic) from Broughton Island, north of Port Jackson, Australia, approximate coordinates 32.6°S 152,3°E, no further data, specimen BMNH 1886.6.7.41, cf. Burton 1963: 596 and Hooper & Wiedenmayer 1994: 488), an obvious misapplication of an Adriatic species. Subsequent authors, including Burton (1963) and Van Soest & De Voogd (2018) ignored the name megalirrhaphis. Ridley’s description is inadequate, but assuming we are dealing with a Leucetta species, the brown colour in alcohol indicates that it could very well be a member of what is so far named Leucetta microraphis Haeckel, 1872 in the sense of Van Soest & De Voogd (2015: 54, figs. 39a–d, 40a–d; 2018: 80, figs. 45a–f, 46a–e). Accordingly, I reassign this variety to the synonymy of that species, until a proper and very necessary revision of Leucetta microraphis has been completed.
description: Published as part of Van Soest, Rob W. M., 2024, Correcting sponge names: nomenclatural update of lower taxa level Porifera, pp. 1-122 in Zootaxa 5398 (1) on page 93, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5398.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10494167
Crimisus costaricensis Gunther 1939
Creators: name: Kasalo, Niko
name: Naskrecki, Piotr
name: Rebrina, Fran
name: Skejo, Josip
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Orthoptera
Tetrigidae
Crimisus
Crimisus costaricensis

description: Crimisus costaricensis Günther, 1939 (Figs 14; 15)
Crimisus costaricensis Günther, 1939: 243 (original description of the species, holotype designated, pictured in figs 174 and 175, page 244).
TYPE MATERIAL EXAMINED. — Costa Rica • 1 ♀ holotype; San Isidro, near San José; 1-31.VII.1930; Reimoser leg.; NMW.
ADDITIONAL MATERIAL EXAMINED. — Costa Rica • 1 ♀, 1 ♂; San Jose, Cascajal de Coronado, Bajo La Rosa; 3.V.1995; Baumann & Houseman leg.; Coll. JT.
ADDITIONAL DATA. — See Appendix 1.
DISTRIBUTION. — Costa Rica, Panamá. See Figure 1.
REMARK
Two distinct forms of this species have been observed – one with slender anterior and middle femora and one in which they are more robust. It is quite possible that sexual dimorphism is the cause but this cannot be confirmed as most of the photographs do not allow us to determine the sex of the animals.
description: Published as part of Kasalo, Niko, Naskrecki, Piotr, Rebrina, Fran & Skejo, Josip, 2023, Central American Tetrigidae Rambur, 1838 (Orthoptera): a preliminary catalogue, pp. 177-212 in Zoosystema 45 (7) on page 189, DOI: 10.5252/zoosystema2023v45a7, http://zenodo.org/record/7841687
Syssphinx molina subsp. molina molina (Cramer 1780
Creators: name: Bénéluz, Frédéric
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Saturniidae
Syssphinx
Syssphinx molina
Syssphinx molina molina (cramer, 1780)

description: Syssphinx molina molina (Cramer, 1780).
Phalaena Bombyx molina Cramer, 1780: 25, pl. 302, figs E, F.
Syssphinx molina [molina] Stoll [sic], 1780. – Draudt 1930: 813.
DÉTERMINATION. — Morphologique.Moléculaire (BOLD:AAA1483).
LOCALITÉ TYPE. — Suriname (Lemaire 1988b).
RÉPARTITION GÉOGRAPHIQUE. — Espèce très répandue en basse altitude dans la région néotropicale (Lemaire 1988b).
DISTRIBUTION EN GUYANE. — Connu des trois zones biogéographiques.
HABITAT EN GUYANE. — Forêts primaire et secondaire, savane.
MATÉRIEL DU MITARAKA EXAMINÉ. — Guyane • 1 ♂; Maripasoula, Mitaraka, DZ Coulé-Coulé; 2°43’30”N, 54°47’30”W; 21.X.2004, J.-P. Champenois leg.; Coll. BH (no. 21550) • 1 ♂; Maripasoula, Mitaraka, Crique Alama (DZ); alt. 310 m; 2°14’1.9”N, 54°27’38.1”W; La Planète revisitée, MNHN / PNI Guyane; APA-973-1; 23.II-26. III.2015; E. Poirier leg.; Coll. FB.
REMARQUE. — Espèce observée, mais non collectée lors de la mission APA-973-2 (FB).
description: Published as part of Bénéluz, Frédéric, 2021, Liste commentée des Saturniidae (Lepidoptera, Bombycoidea) de Guyane, avec la liste des taxons récoltés au Mitaraka (extrême sud-ouest guyanais), pp. 759-809 in Zoosystema 43 (31) on page 770, DOI: 10.5252/zoosystema2021v43a31, http://zenodo.org/record/5796817
Grantia capillosa var. longipilis sensu Breitfuss 1896
Creators: name: Van Soest, Rob W. M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Porifera
Demospongiae
Axinellida
Axinellidae
Grantia
Grantia capillosa
Grantia capillosa var. longipilis sensu breitfuss, 1896

description: Grantia capillosa var. longipilis sensu Breitfuss, 1896
Grantia capillosa var. longipilis sensu Breitfuss 1896: 434 (no illustration); Breitfuss 1898: 174.
Not: Sycandra capillosa var. longipilis Haeckel, 1872: 318.
The variety was decribed by Breitfuss from Ternate, Indonesia, approximate coordinates 0.78°N 127.4°E, depth not given (specimen presumed to be kept in SMF, but so far not identified, not listed in Barnich & Janussen 2006). Breitfuss’ description is meagre and probably incomplete. He stated that the shape of the spicules of his specimens was similar to Haeckel’s interpretation of Ute capillosa Schmidt (1862: 17, pl.1 fig. 6 from Sebenico (= Sibenik, Croatia), Adriatic, approximate coordinates, 43.78°N 15.84°E, type material BMNH 1867.7.26.46, fide Desqueyroux-Faúndez & Stone 1992: 24), especially that of his (Haeckel’s) variety longipilis because of the dense surface spination caused by large diactines. Breitfuss’ specimens from Ternate were, however, twice as long (4–5 cm), and wide (1.2–1.7 cm, with a correspondingly wide spongocoel) as Schmidt’s Adriatic specimens of the typical variety. Later, typical variety specimens were described from the North Atlantic and Arctic (e.g. Breitfuss 1898: 21; Lundbeck 1909: 460; Rapp 2015: 1425, figs. 33a–c, 34), and also listed as occurring in the Kerguelen Islands (Studer 1889).
Van Soest & De Voogd (2015: 88) assumed that the Breitfuss material was not conspecific with the typical variety material from the Adriatic, although no precise affiliation for it is evident because of its poor description and lack of images. I propose to acknowledge this opinion by giving Breitfuss’ Ternate material a new name, Grantia breitfussi nom.nov.
description: Published as part of Van Soest, Rob W. M., 2024, Correcting sponge names: nomenclatural update of lower taxa level Porifera, pp. 1-122 in Zootaxa 5398 (1) on pages 93-94, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5398.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10494167
Vaginal bleeding in pregnancy and adverse clinical outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Karimi, Arezoo
name: Sayehmiri, Kourosh
name: Vaismoradi, Mojtaba
name: Dianatinasab, Mostafa
name: Daliri, Salman
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: Medicine
Cell Biology
Pharmacology
Biotechnology
Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Science Policy

description: Vaginal bleeding during pregnancy has been recognised as a significant risk factor for adverse pregnancy outcomes. This study aimed to investigate the association between vaginal bleeding during the first trimester of pregnancy and clinical adverse effects using a systematic review and meta-analysis. Databases of Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed (including Medline), Cochrane Library and Science Direct were searched until June of 2023. Data analysis using statistical test fixed- and random-effects models in the meta-analysis, Cochran and meta-regression. The quality of the eligible studies was assessed by using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale checklist (NOS). A total of 46 relevant studies, with a sample size of 1,554,141 were entered into the meta-analysis. Vaginal bleeding during the first trimester of pregnancy increases the risk of preterm birth (OR: 1.8, CI 95%: 1.6–2.0), low birth weight (LBW; OR: 2.0, CI 95%: 1.5–2.6), premature rupture of membranes (PROMs; OR: 2.3, CI 95%: 1.8–3.0), abortion (OR: 4.3, CI 95%: 2.0–9.0), stillbirth (OR: 2.5, CI 95%: 1.2–5.0), placental abruption (OR: 2.2, CI 95%: 1.4–3.3) and placenta previa (OR: 1.9, CI 95%: 1.5–2.4). Vaginal bleeding in the first trimester of pregnancy is associated with preterm birth, LBW, PROMs, miscarriage, stillbirth, placental abruption and placenta previa. Therefore, physicians or midwives need to be aware of the possibility of these consequences and manage them when they occur. Vaginal bleeding in the first trimester of pregnancy increases the relative risk of preterm birth, low birth weight, premature rupture of membranes, abortion, stillbirth, placental abruption and placenta previa.
Social contextual effects, gender, and Brexit: how political discussion networks are gendered and the consequences for referendum vote choice
Creators: name: Fowler, Ceri
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biotechnology
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Science Policy
Mental Health

description: In the UK, despite continuing, if ever-changing, patterns of social, economic, and political inequality between men and women, gender differences in vote choice have emerged slowly and are present only in younger generations [Campbell, R., and R. Shorrocks. 2021. “Finally Rising with the Tide? Gender and the Vote in the 2019 British Elections.” Journal of Elections, Public Opinion and Parties 31 (4): 488–507. https://doi.org/10.1080/17457289.2021.1968412]; at the 2016 referendum only men and women aged 18–24 showed a gender gap [Fowler, C. 2023. “Gender-age Gaps in Euroscepticism and Vote Choice at the United Kingdom’s 2016 Referendum on EU Membership.” The British Journal of Politics and International Relations, 13691481221110764]. This paper proposes that this lack of a gender gap is, in fact, one of the most important unexplained features of the referendum and subsequent elections and offers social contextual effects as a possible explanation for why. This paper examines such social contextual effects by using British Election Study Internet Panel data to investigate differences in men’s and women’s reported networks of political discussants and how having different types of political discussant (by party identification and by relationship type) was associated with Brexit vote choice. It shows that political discussant networks do vary by gender and generation in a way which could help us to understand gender-generation gaps in the UK and that, even with substantial controls for a person’s characteristics, values, and attitudes, individuals with a Eurosceptic/Europhile political discussant were correspondingly more likely to be a Leave/Remain supporter.
Leucandra donnani var. tenuiradiata Dendy 1916
Creators: name: Van Soest, Rob W. M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Porifera
Calcarea
Leucosolenida
Grantiidae
Leucandra
Leucandra donnani
Leucandra donnani var. tenuiradiata dendy, 1916

description: Leucandra donnani var. tenuiradiata Dendy, 1916
(Figs. 10G–I)
Leucandra donnani var. tenuiradiata Dendy, 1916: 86, pl. I figs. 4a–b, pl. II figs. 9a–d.
The variety was described from Dwarka, Gujarat, Okhmandal region NW India, 22.2417°N 68.95°E. no depth given [with presumed holotype BMNH 1925.11.1.1266 (R.N.IV 8, cf. Dendy 1916: 87), and with an additional four paratypes)]. The five specimens were rather different in details of shape and spicule dimensions. Still, the habitus and general spiculation of the var. tenuiradiata was similar to that of the typical variety described by Dendy (1905: 238, pl. XIII fig. 10, from Gulf the of Mannar, approximate coordinates 9°S 79°E, holotype BMNH 1907.2.1. 103). The differences are the sizes and thickness of the spicules, with Dendy (1916: 87) emphasizing the “comparatively large size of the oxeas and the comparatively smaller size of the triradiates of the chamber layer”. Given that the five Okhmandal specimens differed among themselves in the spicule dimensions, the basis for distinguishing different taxonomic units appears too thin, and accordingly I propose to unite the varieties into a single species Leucandra donnani Dendy, 1905.
description: Published as part of Van Soest, Rob W. M., 2024, Correcting sponge names: nomenclatural update of lower taxa level Porifera, pp. 1-122 in Zootaxa 5398 (1) on page 94, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5398.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10494167
Grantia ciliata var. spinispiculum Carter 1876
Creators: name: Van Soest, Rob W. M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Porifera
Demospongiae
Axinellida
Axinellidae
Grantia
Grantia ciliata
Grantia ciliata var. spinispiculum carter, 1876

description: Grantia ciliata var. spinispiculum Carter, 1876
(Fig. 10F)
Grantia ciliata var. spinispiculum Carter, 1876: 468, pl. XII figs. 6–8; Carter 1884: 153, pl. VIII.
Sycandra coronata var. spinispiculum; Fristedt 1885: 11.
Sycon ciliatum var. spinispiculum; Arndt 1935: 11, fig. 13; Alander 1942: 83.
The variety was described by Carter from Shetland, 60.4167°N 0.9887°E, depth 117–137 m (syntypes three slides made by Carter, BMNH 1954.3.9.615, 616 & 622). The typical variety described by Fabricius (1780: 448, as Spongia) from Greenland (no further locality data, type material lost, cf. Rapp 2015: 1418) is largely similar but differs in the absence of the characteristic spined diactines protruding from the distal cones. Also the radial tubes are almost entirely fused in the variety spinispiculum, whereas the typical variety has them almost entirely free from each other. Although the cited authors did not attempt to identify the variety with any of the known Northeast Atlantic Sycon species, Carter (1884) suggested that the structure and spicule shapes and size data could not be distinguished from Sycon raphanus Schmidt, 1862 (from the Dalmate coast, Adriatic, approximate coordinates 43.83°N 15.47°E, no depth provided, type material BMNH 1867.7.26.5 with slide BMNH 1867.3.11.75), including the rather rare spined diactines in the bundles protruding from the distal cones. Topsent (1937a: 3–5) discussed this also and appeared to agree with Carter’s suggestion. Accordingly, I propose to reassign the variety as a junior synonym of Sycon raphanus Schmidt, 1862.
description: Published as part of Van Soest, Rob W. M., 2024, Correcting sponge names: nomenclatural update of lower taxa level Porifera, pp. 1-122 in Zootaxa 5398 (1) on page 94, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5398.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10494167