Erycibe sangiheensis Kochaiph. &amp; Utteridge. A Habit 2021, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Kochaiphat, Phongsakorn
name: Traiperm, Paweena
name: Utteridge, Timothy M. A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Solanales
Convolvulaceae
Erycibe
Erycibe sangiheensis

description: 1. <i>Erycibe sangiheensis</i> Kochaiph. &amp; Utteridge <i>sp. nov.</i> (Figs. 1 and 2) Type:— INDONESIA. North Sulawesi Province: Sangihe Island, site 2, camp 1 (‘Kalumelahana’), on spur leading to caldera ridge, 3°30’N, 125°32’E, 730 m, 8 April 1999 (fl.), <i>Hicks, Talangamin &amp; Epraing 196</i> (holotype K [K.000271421]!; isotypes BO, Manado). Diagnosis:—Unique in the genus <i>Erycibe</i> by the combination of the climbing habit, inflorescences with numerous flowers, anthers with an acuminate apex, and especially by the dense indumentum of brown furry stellate hairs with 2–3(–5) subequal to unequal branches 0.375–0.5 mm long on all parts of the plant, particularly on the abaxial surface of the lamina and inflorescence. Climber; stems terete, young branches densely brown-hirsute, hairs 2–3(–5)-branched usually subequally or unequally branched on vegetative parts or with a longer central branch on the corolla, hairs 0.375–0.5 mm long. Leaves simple, petioles 1.3–1.5 cm long, densely hairy as branches; laminas chartaceous, elliptic, 12–17 × 5.5–7.5 cm, base obtuse, apex attenuate, margin entire, adaxially nearly glabrous, rarely with 2-branched hairs, abaxially densely covered with 2–3 branched hairs, hairs up to 0.5 mm long; midrib sunken adaxially, prominent abaxially; veins 7–10 on either side, inconspicuous adaxially, prominent abaxially; intercostal veins reticulate, inconspicuous adaxially, prominent abaxially. Inflorescences axillary, paniculate, (1.5–) 15 cm long, 10–100-flowered; floral bracts lanceolate, up to 4 mm long; pedicels 3–4 mm long, densely stellate-hairy. Sepals orbicular, 2.5–4 × 3–4 mm, abaxially densely covered with stellate hairs, the two inner sepals glabrous near margin abaxially, glabrous adaxially, margin ciliate; corolla tube c. 0.5 mm long, midpetaline bands densely stellate-hairy abaxially with unequally 2–5-branched hairs, longitudinal veins inconspicuous, lobule c. 1.5 × 1.5 mm, margin undulate; stamens c. 1.5 mm long, filaments broader at the base, anthers dark brown when dry, c. 1.2 mm long, base cordate, apex acuminate; ovary (dry) ovoid, c. 1 × 1.5 mm, glabrous, stigma 5-ridged, twisted, c. 0.7 mm long. Fruits not seen. <b>Distribution:—</b> Endemic to Sangihe Island, Indonesia; currently only known from the type collection. <b>Habitat:—</b> “Hill rainforest with palms. Steep slopes with some forest trails ascending to the ridge and edges threatened by agricultural conversion”; elevation 730 m. <b>Phenology:—</b> Flowering in April. <b>Conservation assessment:—</b> Data Deficient (DD) category of the IUCN (2012). <i>Erycibe sangiheensis</i> is only known from one specimen collected from Sangihe Island and there is no additional information to assess the population size. Although the island has a rugged topography because of its volcanic origin, it had been deforested by the 1920s and now only isolated fragmentary patches of natural forest remain—it is now dominated by mixed plantations, including coconut, nutmeg, clove, sago and banana (Riley &amp; Wardill 2001). The specimen was collected from the slopes of Mt Sahendaruman—the region with the most extensive remaining forest areas on Sangihe (Riley 1997) but, as recorded on the label, the forest edges are threatened by agriculture. The island is still extremely poorly known and further collections and/or observations on the plant communities of the island are required to better understand the conservation status of the island’s flora and of <i>E. sangiheensis</i>. <b>Etymology:—</b> The specific epithet refers to Sangihe Island where this species is found. <b>Notes:—</b> <i>Erycibe sangiheensis</i> is unique in the genus in the combination of its climbing habit, the dense indumentum throughout and the many-flowered inflorescences. This species is most similar to <i>E. hainanensis</i> Merr. (Merrill 1922: 353), known from southern China and Vietnam, in the branches and abaxial leaf surface being densely brown-hairy but differs in having 2–3(–5) subequally or unequally branched hairs, while <i>E. hainanensis</i> has extremely unequally 2-branched hairs. Using the Flora Malesiana account of Hoogland (1953c), <i>Erycibe sangiheensis</i> would key out to <i>E. strigosa</i> Prain (1896: 536) and <i>E. subsericea</i> Hoogland (1953a: 318) based on the acuminate anthers, sepals hairy on the outside, many-flowered inflorescences and hairy abaxial surface of the lamina. <i>Erycibe strigosa</i> is endemic to Peninsular Malaysia but has sparsely hairy (‘strigose’) leaves and axillary inforescences, whilst <i>E. subsericea</i> is endemic to Borneo and has short-sericeous hairs on the abaxial surface of the lamina and a densely hairy (‘strigose’) ovary. The Sangihe Islands are biogeographically close to northern Sulawesi and the Philippines. The only species of <i>Erycibe</i> recorded from Sulawesi is <i>E. malaccensis</i> C.B. Clarke (1883: 182), with a disjunct distribution between the Malay Peninsula and the Philippines and Sulawesi (and perhaps Java), but absent from Sumatra and Borneo. <i>Erycibe malaccensis</i> differs from <i>E. sangiheensis</i> in several characters especially the leaves which are soon glabrescent, the relatively smaller laminas 5–16 × 2.5–6.5 cm (<i>E. sangiheensis</i> 12–17 × 5.5–7.5 cm), the fewer 4–6(–7) secondary veins (<i>E. sangiheensis</i> 7–10 secondary veins), the inflorescences with up to c. 20 flowers at maximum (<i>E. sangiheensis</i> with up to c. 100 flowers), and the hairs with a distinctly longer central branch (<i>E. sangiheensis</i> hairs subequally or unequally branched). The only species in the Philippines with leaves that can be hairy abaxially are <i>E. malaccensis</i> (as previously discussed), <i>E. sericea</i> Hoogland (1953a: 317) and <i>E. tomentosa</i> Blume (1826: 1048). The laminas of all of these species are soon glabrescent abaxially but, in addition, <i>E. sericea</i> has a densely hairy ovary, and the hairs of <i>E. tomentosa</i> are up to 1.5 mm long. Field notes record that the flower buds are dull green, and the stem and leaves are ‘with brown furry indument’. The leaves have substantial and prominent insect damage with numerous sub-spherical to elliptic holes and leaf-miner damage (omitted from the line drawing to show venation more clearly).
description: Published as part of <i>Kochaiphat, Phongsakorn, Traiperm, Paweena &amp; Utteridge, Timothy M. A., 2021, Three new species of Erycibe (Convolvulaceae) from Malesia, pp. 103-112 in Phytotaxa 494 (1)</i> on pages 104-106, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.494.1.6, http://zenodo.org/record/5423344
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