cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
ALOHA: Artificial Learning of Human Attributes for Dialogue Agents
Creators: name: Li, Aaron W.
name: Jiang, Veronica
name: Feng, Steven Y.
name: Sprague, Julia
name: Zhou, Wei
name: Hoey, Jesse
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: For conversational AI and virtual assistants to communicate with humans in a realistic way, they must exhibit human characteristics such as expression of emotion and personality. Current attempts toward constructing human-like dialogue agents have presented significant difficulties. We propose Human Level Attributes (HLAs) based on tropes as the basis of a method for learning dialogue agents that can imitate the personalities of fictional characters. Tropes are characteristics of fictional personalities that are observed recurrently and determined by viewers' impressions. By combining detailed HLA data with dialogue data for specific characters, we present a dataset, HLA-Chat, that models character profiles and gives dialogue agents the ability to learn characters' language styles through their HLAs. We then introduce a three-component system, ALOHA (which stands for Artificial Learning of Human Attributes), that combines character space mapping, character community detection, and language style retrieval to build a character (or personality) specific language model. Our preliminary experiments demonstrate that two variations of ALOHA, combined with our proposed dataset, can outperform baseline models at identifying the correct dialogue responses of chosen target characters, and are stable regardless of the character's identity, the genre of the show, and the context of the dialogue.
description: AAAI 2020. Code available at https://github.com/newpro/aloha-chatbot Talk at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TtomrolC4Dc&ab_channel=StevenFeng
Potential impact of CAP’s Ecological Focus Areas on soil fertility
Creators: name: Sahrbacher, Christoph
name: Brady, Mark
name: Dong, Changxing
name: Sahrbacher, Amanda
name: Sahrbacher, Christoph
name: Brady, Mark
name: Dong, Changxing
name: Sahrbacher, Amanda
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: soil organic carbon
subject: CAP
subject: agent-based modelling.

description: An indicator of soil fertility is the content of organic matter measured by the share of carbon in the soil, which is negatively affected by many conventional land management practices. As those heavily depend on individual land use decisions, the agent-based model of regional structural change AgriPoliS is applied to assess carbon losses resulting from behaviors and interactions of individual farms. The extended model now considers nitrogen input and the development in soil’s carbon content. Three scenarios are implemented where farms have either to use 7%, 15% or 25% of their land as ecological focus area (EFA). Results show that although carbon losses continue at a slower pace under the 7%-scenario, 25% of the land is to be set aside to stop them completely. However this implies short-term income losses for farmers but better plant resistance and improved soil productivity in the long-run if soil organic matter can be maintained.
Inequivalent classes of interference experiments with non-abelian anyons
Creators: name: Overbosch, B. J.
name: Bais, F. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a theoretical analysis of inequivalent classes of interference experiments with non-abelian anyons using an idealized Mach-Zender type interferometer. Because of the non-abelian nature of the braid group action one has to distinguish the different possibilities in which the experiment can be repeated, which lead to different interference patterns. We show that each setup will, after repeated measurement, lead to a situation where the two-particle (or multi-particle) state gets locked into an eigenstate of some well defined operator. Also the probability to end up in such an eigenstate is calculated. Some representative examples are worked out in detail.
description: 27 pages, 9 figures
Improved lower bounds for the number of fields with alternating Galois group
Creators: name: Landesman, Aaron
name: Oliver, Robert J. Lemke
name: Thorne, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $n \geq 6$ be an integer. We prove that the number of number fields with Galois group $A_n$ and absolute discriminant at most $X$ is asymptotically at least $X^{1/8 + O(1/n)}$. For $n \geq 8$ this improves upon the previously best known lower bound of $X^{(1 - \frac{2}{n!})/(4n - 4) - ε}$, due to Pierce, Turnage-Butterbaugh, and Wood.
description: removed Lee citation
Probing the Friedmann equation during recombination with future CMB experiments
Creators: name: Zahn, Oliver
name: Zaldarriaga, Matias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that by combining measurements of the temperature and polarization anisotropies of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB), future experiments will tightly constrain the expansion rate of the universe during recombination. A change in the expansion rate modifies the way in which the recombination of hydrogen proceeds, altering the shape of the acoustic peaks and the level of CMB polarization. The proposed test is similar in spirit to the examination of abundances of light elements produced during Big Bang Nucleosynthesis and it constitutes a way to study possible departures from standard recombination. For simplicity we parametrize the change in the Friedmann equation by changing the gravitational constant $G$. The main effect on the temperature power spectrum is a change in the degree of damping of the acoustic peaks on small angular scales. The effect can be compensated by a change in the shape of the primordial power spectrum. We show that this degeneracy between the expansion rate and the primordial spectrum can be broken by measuring CMB polarization. In particular we show that the MAP satellite could obtain a constraint for the expansion rate $H$ during recombination of $δH/H \simeq 0.09$ or $δG/G \simeq 0.18$ after observing for four years, whereas Planck could obtain $δH/H \leq 0.014$ or $δG/G \leq 0.028$ within two years, even after allowing for further freedom in the shape of the power spectrum of primordial fluctuations.
description: Replaced to match published PRD version. ACBAR and new Boomerang data included in analysis. References added. 13 pages, 11 figures
Land use change from agriculture to forestry: a structural model of the income and leisure choices of farmers
Creators: name: Ryan, Mary
name: O'Donoghue, Cathal
name: Upton, Vincent
name: Ryan, Mary
name: O'Donoghue, Cathal
name: Upton, Vincent
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Afforestation decision
subject: life-cycle analysis

description: The role of forests in our environment is increasing in importance due to the multifunctional benefits forests provide in relation to climate change mitigation, water conservation and provision of fibre for bioenergy. However, afforestation targets across Europe are not being met. Using Ireland as a case study, we investigate why farm afforestation rates are falling, despite the availability of generous subsidies. We use a novel technique to examine the afforestation participation decision using a life cycle choice framework where we apply revealed choice methodology to afforestation for the first time. We find that the model coefficients coincide with expected economic theory relative to the utility maximisation of income, leisure and wealth (long term land value). However, we observe a cohort of farmers who do not plant forestry regardless of income derived, reflecting their preference to maintain the flexibility of the long term value of their land by continuing to farm.
Waves, Gravity and Vibration A Unified Logic
Creators: name: passolungo, simone
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: This document presents a coherent and unified vision of gravity, based on the previously developed theory:gravity is not a mysterious force, but an emergent effect of a logical order induced by coherent vibrations.The concept of an 'ordering vibrating machine' is introduced to describe the active principle that generates and maintains the motion of celestial bodies.Such vibrations result from the crystallization of the bodies themselves, as in the case of the Earth's core.Gravitational waves, finally, are interpreted as extensions of this same universal vibration.
Lydia annulipes
Creators: name: Castro, Peter
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Malacostraca
Decapoda
Oziidae
Lydia
Lydia annulipes

description: Lydia annulipes (H. Milne Edwards, 1834)
 Rueppellia annulipes H. Milne Edwards, 1834: 422 [type locality: unknown; type material status and location unknown].
 Hawaiian Is. record:
 Lydia annulipes (H. Milne Edwards, 1834) — Rathbun 1906: 862 [O‘ahu]. — Edmondson 1946: 298 [Rathbun’s record]; 1962a: 288, fig. 25e [H.I.].
 Remarks. Recorded once from the Hawaiian Is. (Rathbun 1906) but no subsequent records are known from the archipelago. Fouling species (Yeo et al. 2011) that could have been introduced.
 Taxonomy. Forest & Guinot (1961)
 Geographical distribution. Across Indo-West Pacific region.
 Habitat. Intertidal
description: Published as part of Castro, Peter, 2011, Catalog of the anomuran and brachyuran crabs (Crustacea: Decapoda: Anomura, Brachyura) of the Hawaiian Islands 2947, pp. 1-154 in Zootaxa 2947 (1) on page 44, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2947.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5283044
Additional file 9 of gCAnno: a graph-based single cell type annotation method
Creators: name: Yang, Xiaofei
name: Gao, Shenghan
name: Wang, Tingjie
name: Yang, Boyu
name: Dang, Ningxin
name: Ye, Kai
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 9: Figure S5. The tSNE of embedding vectors of cell type nodes and gene nodes in four datasets. The selecting gene nodes are in red color and non-selecting gene nodes are in grey. The cell type nodes are blue triangles.
Ozius hawaiiensis Rathbun 1902
Creators: name: Castro, Peter
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Malacostraca
Decapoda
Oziidae
Ozius
Ozius hawaiiensis

description: Ozius hawaiiensis Rathbun, 1902
 Ozius hawaiiensis Rathbun, 1902a: 76, figs. 3, 4 [type locality: Hawai‘i; holotype: USNM 22852].
 Additional references on Hawaiian Is. material:
 Ozius hawaiiensis Rathbun, 1902 — Rathbun 1906: 862 [Hawai‘i]. — Edmondson 1946: 298 [Rathbun’s record]; 1962a: 286, fig. 24f [Rathbun’s record].
 Remarks. Described from the Hawaiian Is. but no subsequent records are known from the archipelago.
 Taxonomy. Rathbun (1902a)
 Geographical distribution. Western and southeastern Pacific Ocean.
 Habitat. Intertidal
description: Published as part of Castro, Peter, 2011, Catalog of the anomuran and brachyuran crabs (Crustacea: Decapoda: Anomura, Brachyura) of the Hawaiian Islands 2947, pp. 1-154 in Zootaxa 2947 (1) on page 44, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2947.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5283044
Dynamics of smallholder participation in horticultural export chains –Evidence from Ecuador-
Creators: name: Romero, Cristina
name: Wollni, Meike
name: Romero, Cristina
name: Wollni, Meike
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
International Relations/Trade

description: In this paper we study the dynamics of smallholder participation in export value chains focusing on the example of small-scale broccoli producers in the highlands of Ecuador. We analyze the extent of participation over an 11-year time period using correlated random effects and diff-GMM models and explain the hazards of dropping out of the export chain based on a multi-spell cox duration model. The empirical results suggest that small-scale farmers' exit from the export sector is accelerated by hold-ups experienced in the past and that family ties play an important role in farmers' marketing decisions. Negative external shocks – such as the global financial crisis starting in 2007 that was associated with the bankruptcy of the main buyer in our case study – represent a major threat towards the sustainability of smallholder inclusion in high-value chains.
Ergodic properties of the Anzai skew-product for the noncommutative torus
Creators: name: Del Vecchio, Simone
name: Fidaleo, Francesco
name: Giorgetti, Luca
name: Rossi, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We provide a systematic study of a noncommutative extension of the classical Anzai skew-product for the cartesian product of two copies of the unit circle to the noncommutative 2-tori. In particular, some relevant ergodic properties are proved for these quantum dynamical systems, extending the corresponding ones enjoyed by the classical Anzai skew-product. As an application, for a uniquely ergodic Anzai skew-product $\F$ on the noncommutative $2$-torus $\ba_\a$, $\a\in\br$, we investigate the pointwise limit, $\lim_{n\to+\infty}\frac1{n}\sum_{k=0}^{n-1}ł^{-k}\F^k(x)$, for $x\in\ba_\a$ and $ł$ a point in the unit circle, and show that there exist examples for which the limit does not exist even in the weak topology.
description: 27 pages
Regulacyjne propozycje przyszłości systemu handlu emisjami w Unii Europejskiej
Creators: name: Chról, Karolina
Publisher: name: E-Wydawnictwo. Prawnicza i Ekonomiczna Biblioteka Cyfrowa. Wydział Prawa, Administracji i Ekonomii Uniwersytetu Wrocławskiego
Year: 2022

description: Artykuł stanowi przekrój najbardziej istotnych propozycji zmian unijnego systemu handlu emisjami zaproponowanych w pakiecie legislacyjnym Fit for 55 opublikowanym w lipcu 2021 r. Zmiany te zostały porównane z przepisami obowiązującego IV etapu ETS oraz z obecną sytuacją na rynku uprawnień do emisji. Omawiane zmiany legislacyjne zostały podzielone na trzy obszary: zmiany wpływające bezpośrednio na ilość i cenę uprawnień, zmiany dotyczące rozszerzenia systemu oraz te związane z wprowadzeniem CBAM i relacją między systemami. Analiza konkretnych zmian opiera się na tekście propozycji aktów prawnych, głosach zaprezentowanych w ramach dyskusji nad pakietem oraz opublikowanych na początku stycznia sprawozdaniach z prac Parlamentu Europejskiego.
Axisymmetric Dynamical Models of the Central Regions of Galaxies
Creators: name: Gebhardt, Karl
name: Richstone, Douglas
name: Tremaine, Scott
name: Lauer, Tod R.
name: Bender, Ralf
name: Bower, Gary
name: Dressler, Alan
name: Faber, S. M.
name: Filippenko, Alexei V.
name: Green, Richard
name: Grillmair, Carl
name: Ho, Luis C.
name: Kormendy, John
name: Magorrian, John
name: Pinkney, Jason
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present axisymmetric, orbit superposition models for 12 galaxies using data taken with the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) and ground-based observatories. In each galaxy, we detect a central black hole (BH) and measure its mass to accuracies ranging from 10% to 70%. We demonstrate that in most cases the BH detection requires both the HST and ground-based data. Using the ground-based data alone does provide an unbiased measure of the BH mass (provided they are fit with fully general models), but at a greatly reduced significance. The most significant correlation with host galaxy properties is the relation between the BH mass and the velocity dispersion of the host galaxy; we find no other equally strong correlation, and no second parameter that improves the quality of the mass-dispersion relation. We are also able to measure the stellar orbital properties from these general models. The most massive galaxies are strongly biased to tangential orbits near the BH, consistent with binary BH models, while lower-mass galaxies have a range of anisotropies, consistent with an adiabatic growth of the BH.
description: 25 pages, accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal
The mitigation potential and cost efficiency of abatement-based payments for the production of short-rotation coppices in Germany
Creators: name: Henseler, Martin
name: Roder, Norbert
name: Kreins, Peter
name: Liebersbach, Horst
name: Osterburg, Bernhard
name: Henseler, Martin
name: Roder, Norbert
name: Kreins, Peter
name: Liebersbach, Horst
name: Osterburg, Bernhard
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Short-rotation coppice
subject: Site model
subject: Agro-economic model
subject: Agricultural production
subject: Greenhouse gas mitigation

description: In Northern and Central Europe, short-rotation coppices (SRC) have become a profitable agricultural production alternative, particularly for marginal fields with suitable groundwater levels. The replacement of fossil fuels by the wood chips produced in SRC contributes to the mitigation of greenhouse gases (GHGs). Due to heterogeneous regional production conditions, the impacts on economy, production and GHG mitigation vary. Previous studies investigate specific agronomic, environmental and economic aspects of SRC. This study complements the existing literature by estimating the economic mitigation potential from SRC in Germany. It presents an integrated modeling approach that considers agronomic and economic aspects and investigates the mitigation potential and the abatement cost efficiency arising from abatement-based payments. The simulation of different payment scenarios indicates that SRC could mitigate up to 15 % of the German agricultural sector’s GHG emissions. The integrated model approach links a site model and the agro-economic model RAUMIS and can be regarded as a fruitful development for addressing SRC-related research questions.
Internal constraints and arrested relaxation in main-chain nematic elastomers
Creators: name: Ohzono, Takuya
name: Katoh, Kaoru
name: Minamikawa, Hiroyuki
name: Saed, Mohand O.
name: Terentjev, Eugene M.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Article
/639/301/923/919
/639/301/923/1028
/639/766/119/1002
article

description: Abstract: Nematic liquid crystal elastomers (N-LCE) exhibit intriguing mechanical properties, such as reversible actuation and soft elasticity, which manifests as a wide plateau of low nearly-constant stress upon stretching. N-LCE also have a characteristically slow stress relaxation, which sometimes prevents their shape recovery. To understand how the inherent nematic order retards and arrests the equilibration, here we examine hysteretic stress-strain characteristics in a series of specifically designed main-chain N-LCE, investigating both macroscopic mechanical properties and the microscopic nematic director distribution under applied strains. The hysteretic features are attributed to the dynamics of thermodynamically unfavoured hairpins, the sharp folds on anisotropic polymer strands, the creation and transition of which are restricted by the nematic order. These findings provide a new avenue for tuning the hysteretic nature of N-LCE at both macro- and microscopic levels via different designs of polymer networks, toward materials with highly nonlinear mechanical properties and shape-memory applications.
MOESM2 of The interplay between miR156/SPL13 and DFR/WD40–1 regulate drought tolerance in alfalfa
Creators: name: Biruk Feyissa
name: Arshad, Muhammad
name: Gruber, Margaret
name: Kohalmi, Susanne
name: Abdelali Hannoufa
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Plant Biology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 2: Table S2. LCMS-based metabolite profiles of drought stressed alfalfa plants. Table S3 GCMS-based relative metabolite abundance in drought stressed alfalfa plants. Table S4 Buffers used in ChIP assay and their components. Table S5.1 Analysis of variance, ANOVA, P values of data for phenotype and physiological responses in miR156OE genotypes and EV plants. Table S5.2 Analysis of variance, ANOVA, P values of data for phenotype, physiological and metabolite responses in SPL13RNAi genotypes and EV plants. Table S5.3 Analysis of variance, ANOVA, P values of data for phenotype and physiological responses in WD40–1OE, WD40–1RNAi and wild type plants. Table S5.4 Analysis of variance, ANOVA, P values of data for LCMS-based metabolite profiling in miR156OE genotypes and EV alfalfa plants. Table S5.5 Analysis of variance, ANOVA, P values (P > F) of data for GCMS-based metabolite profiling in miR156OE genotypes and EV alfalfa plants. Table S5.6 Analysis of variance, ANOVA, P values of data for qRT-PCR based transcript level in miR156OE genotypes and EV alfalfa plants. Table S5.7 Analysis of variance, ANOVA, P values of data for qRT-PCR based transcript level in SPL13RNAi genotypes and EV alfalfa plants. Table S5.8 Analysis of variance, ANOVA, P values of data for ChIP-qPCR based transcript level in p35S:SPL13-GFP genotypes and Wild-type alfalfa plants. Table S5.9 Analysis of variance, ANOVA, P values of data for qRT-PCR based transcript level in WD40–1RNAi silenced and WD40–1over expressing plants. Figure S1 Stem colour development in miR156OE plants during drought stress. Figure S2 Alignment of sequences of amplified by q-PCR from Medicago sativa with those of their counterparts in Medicago truncatula. Figure S3 Promoter sequence of the alfalfa DIHYDROFLAVONOL-4-REDUCTASE (DFR) gene with putative SBD binding elements. Figure S4 Nucleotide sequence of the alfalfa WD40–1 promoter region.
Platyxanthidae Guinot 1977
Creators: name: Castro, Peter
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Malacostraca
Decapoda
Platyxanthidae

description: Family Platyxanthidae Guinot, 1977    Genus Peloeus Eydoux & Souleyet, 1842
description: Published as part of Castro, Peter, 2011, Catalog of the anomuran and brachyuran crabs (Crustacea: Decapoda: Anomura, Brachyura) of the Hawaiian Islands 2947, pp. 1-154 in Zootaxa 2947 (1) on page 44, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2947.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5283044
Iterated Conformal Dynamics and Laplacian Growth
Creators: name: Barra, Felipe
name: Davidovitch, Benny
name: Procaccia, Itamar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The method of iterated conformal maps for the study of Diffusion Limited Aggregates (DLA) is generalized to the study of Laplacian Growth Patterns and related processes. We emphasize the fundamental difference between these processes: DLA is grown serially with constant size particles, while Laplacian patterns are grown by advancing each boundary point in parallel, proportionally to the gradient of the Laplacian field. We introduce a 2-parameter family of growth patterns that interpolates between DLA and a discrete version of Laplacian growth. The ultraviolet putative finite-time singularities are regularized here by a minimal tip size, equivalently for all the models in this family. With this we stress that the difference between DLA and Laplacian growth is NOT in the manner of ultraviolet regularization, but rather in their deeply different growth rules. The fractal dimensions of the asymptotic patterns depend continuously on the two parameters of the family, giving rise to a "phase diagram" in which DLA and discretized Laplacian growth are at the extreme ends. In particular we show that the fractal dimension of Laplacian growth patterns is much higher than the fractal dimension of DLA, with the possibility of dimension 2 for the former not excluded.
description: 13 pages, 12 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. E
The importance of magnification effects in galaxy-galaxy lensing
Creators: name: Unruh, Sandra
name: Schneider, Peter
name: Hilbert, Stefan
name: Simon, Patrick
name: Martin, Sandra
name: Puertas, Jorge Corella
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnification changes the observed number counts of galaxies on the sky. This biases the observed tangential shear profiles around galaxies, the so-called galaxy-galaxy lensing (GGL) signal, and the related excess mass profile. Correspondingly, inference of physical quantities, such as the mean mass profile of halos around galaxies, are affected by magnification effects. We use simulated shear and galaxy data of the Millennium Simulation to quantify the effect on shear and mass estimates from magnified lens and source number counts. The former are due to the large-scale matter distribution in the foreground of the lenses, the latter are caused by magnification of the source population by the matter associated with the lenses. The GGL signal is calculated from the simulations by an efficient fast-Fourier transform that can also be applied to real data. The numerical treatment is complemented by a leading-order analytical description of the magnification effects, which is shown to fit the numerical shear data well. We find the magnification effect is strongest for steep galaxy luminosity functions and high redshifts. For a lens redshift of $z_\mathrm{d}=0.83$, a limiting magnitude of $22\,\mathrm{mag}$ in the $r$-band and a source redshift of $z_\mathrm{s}=0.99$, we find that a magnification correction changes the shear profile up to $45\%$ and the mass is biased by up to $55 \%$. For medium-redshift galaxies the relative change in shear and mass is typically a few percent. As expected, the sign of the bias depends on the local slope of the lens luminosity function $α_\mathrm{d}$, where the mass is biased low for $α_\mathrm{d}<1$ and biased high for $α_\mathrm{d}>1$. Whereas the magnification effect of sources is rarely than more $1\%$, the statistical power of future weak lensing surveys warrants correction for this effect.
description: this version fixes a typo in the prefactor of equation (14)
Willingness to pay for a differentiated potato applying a choice modelling experiment by socioeconomics levels of Argentinean consumers
Creators: name: Rodriguez, Elsa M.M.
name: Lupin, Beatriz
name: Gonzalez, Julia
name: Rodriguez, Elsa M.M.
name: Lupin, Beatriz
name: Gonzalez, Julia
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Choice Modelling
subject: willingness to pay
subject: consumers´ preferences
subject: fresh potatoes

description: Choice Modelling was applied to assess the importance of attributes and willingness to pay for a fresh potato produced with a low environmental impact production system. Among the stated preference methods, this is the most used to study consumer preferences for attributes of goods with little or no market share. We interviewed 402 individuals, aged 18 and over, in super / hypermarkets and grocery stores. Four different attributes of potato: price, agrochemicals content, cooking quality and treatment were selected according to previous research carried out by the authors. For this purpose, a Conditional Logistic Model (McFadden, 1973) was applied. On average, ceteris paribus, the full sample participants were willing to pay between US$ 0.60 and US$0.49 more per 1kg of potatoes with low agrochemical content. In regards to cooking quality attributes, participants were willing to pay between US$ 0.31 and US$ 0.25 more per kg of high quality potatoes
Thermodynamic extended phase space and $P-V$ criticality of black holes at Pure Lovelock gravity
Creators: name: Estrada, Milko
name: Aros, Rodrigo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work the \textit{chemistry} of asymptotically AdS black hole, charged and uncharged, solutions of Pure Lovelock gravity is discussed. For this the mass parameter of black holes is identified with the enthalpy of the system together with the promotion of the cosmological constant to a thermodynamics variable proportional to the \textit{pressure} of the system. The equations of state for both, charged and uncharged, are obtained. It is shown that the charged case behaves as a Van der Waals fluid. The existence of a first order phase transition between small stable/large stable black hole, which is a reminiscent of the liquid/gas transition, is found. The critical exponents of the thermal evolution, for different cases of interest, are similar to those of the Van der Waals fluid.
Interference of a thermal Tonks gas on a ring
Creators: name: Das, Kunal K.
name: Girardeau, M. D.
name: Wright, E. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A nonzero temperature generalization of the Fermi-Bose mapping theorem is used to study the exact quantum statistical dynamics of a one-dimensional gas of impenetrable bosons on a ring. We investigate the interference produced when an initially trapped gas localized on one side of the ring is released, split via an optical-dipole grating, and recombined on the other side of the ring. Nonzero temperature is shown not to be a limitation to obtaining high visibility fringes.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Non-LTE line-formation for CNO
Creators: name: Przybilla, Norbert
name: Kudritzki, Rolf-Peter
name: Butler, Keith
name: Becker, Sylvia R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Accurate atomic data have become available in the recent past due to the demands of astrophysics and fusion research. We report on the impact of such data on non-LTE line-formation calculations for CNO in early-type stars. Considerable improvement is achieved by the derivation of consistent results from practically all available spectroscopic indicators, regardless of ionization stage or spin system, and the uncertainties in the analyses are drastically reduced. Moreover, systematic trends are revealed, e.g. an increase of the NI abundances from previous studies of BA-type supergiants by a factor of two is indicated. The present work promises stringent observational constraints on chemical mixing in the course of massive star evolution. First results on BA-type supergiants in the Galaxy and the Magellanic Clouds are discussed.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures; to be published in "CNO in the Universe", ASP Conf. Series, eds. C. Charbonnel, D. Schaerer & G. Meynet
Additional file 3: of Comprehensive immune profiling and immune-monitoring using body fluid of patients with metastatic gastric cancer
Creators: name: Park, Hyung
name: Kwon, Woo
name: Sejung Park
name: Eunji Jo
name: Lim, So
name: Choong-Kun Lee
name: Jii Lee
name: Minkyu Jung
name: Kim, Hyo
name: Beom, Seung-Hoon
name: Park, Jun
name: Kim, Tae
name: Chung, Hyun
name: Rha, Sun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Univariate analysis of body fluids immune cell subset for overall survival. (DOCX 20 kb)
Consensus statement from the international consensus meeting on post-traumatic cranioplasty
Creators: name: Iaccarino, C.
name: Kolias, A.
name: Adelson, P. D.
name: Rubiano, A. M.
name: Viaroli, E.
name: Buki, A.
name: Cinalli, G.
name: Fountas, K.
name: Khan, T.
name: Signoretti, S.
name: Waran, V.
name: Adeleye, A. O.
name: Amorim, R.
name: Bertuccio, A.
name: Cama, A.
name: Chesnut, R. M.
name: De Bonis, P.
name: Estraneo, A.
name: Figaji, A.
name: Florian, S. I.
name: Formisano, R.
name: Frassanito, P.
name: Gatos, C.
name: Germanò, A.
name: Giussani, C.
name: Hossain, I.
name: Kasprzak, P.
name: La Porta, F.
name: Lindner, D.
name: Maas, A. I. R.
name: Paiva, W.
name: Palma, P.
name: Park, K. B.
name: Peretta, P.
name: Pompucci, A.
name: Posti, J.
name: Sengupta, S. K.
name: Sinha, A.
name: Sinha, V.
name: Stefini, R.
name: Talamonti, G.
name: Tasiou, A.
name: Zona, G.
name: Zucchelli, M.
name: Hutchinson, P. J.
name: Servadei, F.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Review Article - Conference Report
Brain tumors
Cranioplasty
Rehabilitation
hydrocephalus
Decompressive craniectomy
Neurosurgery

description: Abstract: Background: Due to the lack of high-quality evidence which has hindered the development of evidence-based guidelines, there is a need to provide general guidance on cranioplasty (CP) following traumatic brain injury (TBI), as well as identify areas of ongoing uncertainty via a consensus-based approach. Methods: The international consensus meeting on post-traumatic CP was held during the International Conference on Recent Advances in Neurotraumatology (ICRAN), in Naples, Italy, in June 2018. This meeting was endorsed by the Neurotrauma Committee of the World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies (WFNS), the NIHR Global Health Research Group on Neurotrauma, and several other neurotrauma organizations. Discussions and voting were organized around 5 pre-specified themes: (1) indications and technique, (2) materials, (3) timing, (4) hydrocephalus, and (5) paediatric CP. Results: The participants discussed published evidence on each topic and proposed consensus statements, which were subject to ratification using anonymous real-time voting. Statements required an agreement threshold of more than 70% for inclusion in the final recommendations. Conclusions: This document is the first set of practical consensus-based clinical recommendations on post-traumatic CP, focusing on timing, materials, complications, and surgical procedures. Future research directions are also presented.
Realization of an intrinsic, ferromagnetic topological state in MnBi8Te13
Creators: name: Hu, Chaowei
name: Ding, Lei
name: Gordon, Kyle N.
name: Ghosh, Barun
name: Tien, Hung-Ju
name: Li, Haoxiang
name: Linn, A. Garrison
name: Lian, Shang-Wei
name: Huang, Cheng-Yi
name: Reddy, Scott Mackey. P. V. Sreenivasa
name: Singh, Bahadur
name: Agarwal, Amit
name: Bansil, Arun
name: Song, Miao
name: Li, Dongsheng
name: Xu, Su-Yang
name: Lin, Hsin
name: Cao, Huibo
name: Chang, Tay-Rong
name: Dessau, Dan
name: Ni, Ni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The interplay between topology and magnetism is essential for realizing novel topological states including the axion insulator, the magnetic Weyl semimetal, etc. An intrinsically ferromagnetic topological material with only the topological bands at the charge neutrality energy has so far remained elusive. By rationally designing the natural heterostructure consisting of [MnBi2Te4] septuple layers and [Bi2Te3] quintuple layers, we report MnBi8Te13 as the first intrinsic ferromagnetic topological material with clean low-energy band structure. Based on the thermodynamic, transport and neutron diffraction measurements, our data show that despite the adjacent [MnBi2Te4] being 44.1 Å apart, MnBi8Te13 manifests long-range ferromagnetism below 10.5 K with strong coupling between magnetism and charge carriers. Our first-principles calculations and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy measurements further demonstrate that MnBi8Te13 is an intrinsic ferromagnetic axion state. Therefore, MnBi8Te13 serves as an ideal system to investigate rich emergent phenomena, including the quantized anomalous Hall effect and quantized topological magnetoelectric effect.
description: 6 figs
Research Review: The effects of mindfulness-based interventions on cognition and mental health in children and adolescents - a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Creators: name: Dunning, Darren
name: Griffiths, Kirsty
name: Kuyken, Willem
name: Crane, Catherine
name: Foulkes, Lucy
name: Parker, Jenna
name: Dalgleish, Tim
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: Humans
Behavioral Symptoms
Adolescent
Child
Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
Mindfulness
Cognitive Dysfunction

description: -
Nanobodies mapped to cross-reactive and divergent epitopes on A(H7N9) influenza hemagglutinin using yeast display
Creators: name: Gaiotto, Tiziano
name: Ramage, Walter
name: Ball, Christina
name: Risley, Paul
name: Carnell, George W.
name: Temperton, Nigel
name: Engelhardt, Othmar G.
name: Hufton, Simon E.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Article
/631/1647
/631/61
/631/154
/631/250
/631/337
article

description: Abstract: Influenza H7N9 virus continues to cause infections in humans and represents a significant pandemic risk. During the most recent 5th epidemic wave in 2016/17 two distinct lineages with increased human infections and wider geographical spread emerged. In preparation for any future adaptations, broadly reactive antibodies against H7N9 are required for surveillance, therapy and prophylaxis. In this study we have isolated a panel of nanobodies (Nbs) with broad reactivity across H7 influenza strains, including H7N9 strains between 2013 and 2017. We also describe Nbs capable of distinguishing between the most recent high and low pathogenicity Yangtze River Delta lineage H7N9 strains. Nanobodies were classified into 5 distinct groups based on their epitope footprint determined using yeast display and mutational scanning. The epitope footprint of Nbs capable of distinguishing high pathogenic (HP) A/Guangdong/17SF003/2016 from low pathogenic (LP) A/Hong Kong/125/2017 (H7N9) were correlated to natural sequence divergence in the head domain at lysine 164. Several Nbs binding to the head domain were capable of viral neutralisation. The potency of one nanobody NB7-14 could be increased over 1000-fold to 113 pM by linking two Nbs together. Nbs specific for distinct epitopes on H7N9 may be useful for surveillance or therapy in human or veterinary settings.
Politics and porn: how news media characterizes problems presented by deepfakes
Creators: name: Chandell Gosse
name: Burkell, Jacquelyn
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: “Deepfake” is a form of machine learning that creates fake videos by superimposing the face of one person on to the body of another in a new video. The technology has been used to create non-consensual fake pornography and sexual imagery, but there is concern that it will soon be used for politically nefarious ends. This study seeks to understand how the news media has characterized the problem(s) presented by deepfakes. We used discourse analysis to examine news articles about deepfakes, finding that news media discuss the problems of deepfakes in four ways: as (too) easily produced and distributed; as creating false beliefs; as undermining the political process; and as non-consensual sexual content. We provide an overview of how news media position each problem followed by a discussion about the varying degrees of emphasis given to each problem and the implications this has for the public’s perception and construction of deepfakes.
Promoting remyelination in multiple sclerosis
Creators: name: Cunniffe, Nick
name: Coles, Alasdair
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: Review
Multiple sclerosis
Remyelination
Clinical trials
Visual evoked potentials
Magnetisation transfer ratio

description: Abstract: The greatest unmet need in multiple sclerosis (MS) are treatments that delay, prevent or reverse progression. One of the most tractable strategies to achieve this is to therapeutically enhance endogenous remyelination; doing so restores nerve conduction and prevents neurodegeneration. The biology of remyelination—centred on the activation, migration, proliferation and differentiation of oligodendrocyte progenitors—has been increasingly clearly defined and druggable targets have now been identified in preclinical work leading to early phase clinical trials. With some phase 2 studies reporting efficacy, the prospect of licensed remyelinating treatments in MS looks increasingly likely. However, there remain many unanswered questions and recent research has revealed a further dimension of complexity to this process that has refined our view of the barriers to remyelination in humans. In this review, we describe the process of remyelination, why this fails in MS, and the latest research that has given new insights into this process. We also discuss the translation of this research into clinical trials, highlighting the treatments that have been tested to date, and the different methods of detecting remyelination in people.
DASKT: A Dynamic Affect Simulation Method for Knowledge Tracing
Creators: name: Sun, Xinjie
name: Zhang, Kai
name: Liu, Qi
name: Shen, Shuanghong
name: Wang, Fei
name: Guo, Yuxiang
name: Chen, Enhong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Knowledge Tracing (KT) predicts future performance by modeling students' historical interactions, and understanding students' affective states can enhance the effectiveness of KT, thereby improving the quality of education. Although traditional KT values students' cognition and learning behaviors, efficient evaluation of students' affective states and their application in KT still require further exploration due to the non-affect-oriented nature of the data and budget constraints. To address this issue, we propose a computation-driven approach, Dynamic Affect Simulation Knowledge Tracing (DASKT), to explore the impact of various student affective states (such as frustration, concentration, boredom, and confusion) on their knowledge states. In this model, we first extract affective factors from students' non-affect-oriented behavioral data, then use clustering and spatiotemporal sequence modeling to accurately simulate students' dynamic affect changes when dealing with different problems. Subsequently, {\color{blue}we incorporate affect with time-series analysis to improve the model's ability to infer knowledge states over time and space.} Extensive experimental results on two public real-world educational datasets show that DASKT can achieve more reasonable knowledge states under the effect of students' affective states. Moreover, DASKT outperforms the most advanced KT methods in predicting student performance. Our research highlights a promising avenue for future KT studies, focusing on achieving high interpretability and accuracy.
description: 14 pages
Spontaneous formation of a macroscopically extended coherent state
Creators: name: Braggio, C.
name: Chiossi, F.
name: Carugno, G.
name: Ortolan, A.
name: Ruoso, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is a straightforward result of electromagnetism that dipole oscillators radiate more strongly when they are synchronized, and that if there are $N$ dipoles, the overall emitted intensity scales with $N^2$. In atomic physics, such an enhanced radiative property appears when coherence among two-level identical atoms is established, and is well-known as "superradiance" \cite{Dicke:1954aa}. In superfluorescence (SF), atomic coherence develops via a self-organisation process stemming from the common radiated field, starting from a incoherently prepared population inversion \cite{Bonifacio:1975aa}. First demonstrated in a gas \cite{Skribanowitz:1973} and later in condensed matter systems \cite{Florian:1984}, its potential is currently being investigated in the fields of ultranarrow linewidth laser development for fundamental tests in physics \cite{Meiser:2009,Meiser:2010,Bohnet:2012aa,Norcia:2016, Norcia:2018}, and for the development of devices enabling entangled multi-photon quantum light sources \cite{Raino:2018aa,Angerer:2018aa}. A barely developed aspect in superradiance is related to the properties of the dipole array that generates the pulsed radiation field. In this work we establish the experimental conditions for formation of a macroscopic dipole via superfluorescence, involving the remarkable number of $4\times10^{12}$ atoms. Even though rapidly evolving in time, it represents a flexible test-bed in quantum optics. Self-driven atom dynamics, without the mediation of cavity QED nor quantum dots or quantum well structures, is observed in a cryogenically-cooled rare-earth doped material. We present clear evidence of a decay rate that is enhanced by more than 1-million times compared to that of independently emitting atoms. We thoroughly resolve the dynamics by directly measuring the intensity of the emitted radiation as a function of time.
Confessions without guilt: public confessions of state violence in Turkey
Creators: name: Yıldız, Yeşim Yaprak
name: Baert, Patrick
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Article
Turkey
Kurds
Public confessions
Performance
Positioning theory
Performativity

description: Funder: University of Cambridge
description: Abstract: Drawing on Austin’s speech act theory and on related theories of performativity and positioning, this article analyses the public confessions during the 1990s by three prominent state actors in Turkey about their direct involvement in state crimes against Kurds and left-wing political opponents. All three cases received significant media attention at the time. The aim of the article is not only to shed new light on those specific confessions by the perpetrators within the Turkish context, but also to develop further theoretical insights into the phenomenon of public confessions as such. Whilst confessions of this kind are often welcomed and portrayed as truth-statements that are cathartic and enable society to move forward, this analysis demonstrates that the reality is often more complex as the confessions in question tend to go hand in hand with a disavowal of individual responsibility by the perpetrators involved.