cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Inverse patchy colloids: synthesis, modeling and self-organization
Creators: name: Bianchi, Emanuela
name: van Oostrum, Peter D. J.
name: Likos, Christos N.
name: Kahl, Gerhard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Inverse patchy colloids are nano- to micro-scale particles with a surface divided into differently charged regions. This class of colloids combines directional, selective bonding with a relatively simple particle design: owing to the competitive interplay between the orientation-dependent attraction and repulsion -- induced by the interactions between like/oppositely charged areas -- experimentally accessible surface patterns are complex enough to favor the stabilization of specific structures of interest. Most important, the behavior of heterogeneously charged units can be ideally controlled by means of external parameters, such as the pH and the salt concentration. We present a concise review about this class of systems, spanning the range from the synthesis of model inverse patchy particles to their self-assembly, covering their coarse-grained modeling and the related numerical/analytical treatments.
Mass Accretion onto T Tauri Stars
Creators: name: Gregory, S. G.
name: Jardine, M.
name: Simpson, I.
name: Donati, J. -F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is now accepted that accretion onto classical T Tauri stars is controlled by the stellar magnetosphere, yet to date most accretion models have assumed that their magnetic fields are dipolar. By considering a simple steady state accretion model with both dipolar and complex magnetic fields we find a correlation between mass accretion rate and stellar mass of the form $\dot{M} \propto M_{\ast}^α$, with our results consistent within observed scatter. For any particular stellar mass there can be several orders of magnitude difference in the mass accretion rate, with accretion filling factors of a few percent. We demonstrate that the field geometry has a significant effect in controlling the location and distribution of hot spots, formed on the stellar surface from the high velocity impact of accreting material. We find that hot spots are often at mid to low latitudes, in contrast to what is expected for accretion to dipolar fields, and that particularly for higher mass stars, the accretion flow is predominantly carried by open field lines.
description: 17 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication by MNRAS
title: Endometrioid endometrial carcinoma with unusual necrotic pelvic metastases
Creators: name: Cunha, Teresa Margarida
name: Costa, Marta
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genital (female) imaging
subject: Genital / Reproductive system female
subject: MR
subject: Genital / Reproductive system female
subject: Cancer
subject: Clinical Cases

description: Clinical History: A 73-year-old woman seeks care owing to metrorrhagia associated with asthenia, anorexia and weight loss in two months. Gynaecological history: II Gestation, 1 Caesarean; menopause: 53-year-old, without hormone replacement therapy.

No relevant personal or family medical history.

description: 73 years, female
Limits on the X-ray and optical luminosity of the progenitor of the type Ia supernova SN2007sr
Creators: name: Nelemans, Gijs
name: Voss, Rasmus
name: Roelofs, Gijs
name: Bassa, Cees
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present HST/WFPC2, GALEX and Chandra observations of the position of the type Ia supernova SN2007sr in the Antennae galaxies, taken before the explosion. No source is found in any of the observations, allowing us to put interesting constraints on the progenitor luminosity. In total there is about 450 kilosecond of Chandra data, spread over 7 different observations. Limiting magnitudes of FUV (23.7 AB mag), NUV (23.8 AB mag), F555W (26.5 Vega mag) and F814W (24.5-25 Vega mag) are derived. The distance to the Antennae is surprisingly poorly known, with almost a factor of 2 difference between the latest distance based on the tip of the red giant branch (13.3 Mpc) and the distance derived from the SN2007sr light curve (25 Mpc). Using these distances we derive limits on absolute optical and UV magnitudes of any progenitor but these are still above the brightest (symbiotic) proposed progenitors. From the Chandra data a 3 sigma upper limit to the X-ray luminosity of 0.5 -- 8.0 10^37 erg/s in the 0.3-1 keV range is found. This is below the X-ray luminosity of the potential progenitor of the type Ia supernova 2007on that we recently discovered and for which we report a corrected X-ray luminosity. If that progenitor is confirmed it suggests the two supernovae have different progenitors. The X-ray limit is comparable to the brightest supersoft X-ray sources in the Galaxy, the LMC and the SMC and significantly below the luminosities of the brightest supersoft and quasi-soft X-ray sources found in nearby galaxies, ruling out such sources as progenitors of this type Ia supernova.
description: Revised to match version accepted for publication in MNRAS
title: Multilocular peritoneal inclusion cyst: a diagnostic challenge
Creators: name: Di Serafino, Marco
name: Iacobellis, Francesca
name: Angelini, Valentina
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genital (female) imaging
subject: Emergency
subject: Genital / Reproductive system female
subject: Pelvis
subject: Peritoneum
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: Education
subject: Clinical Cases

description: Clinical History: A 48-year-old woman presented with left-sided pelvic pain gradually increasing in intensity over the past 12 hours. She was premenopausal with an anamnestic history of surgical partial cystic ovarian resection.  

description: 48 years, female
title: Anterior urethral valve
Creators: name: giri, vikram
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Uroradiology & genital male imaging
subject: Genital / Reproductive system male
subject: Conventional radiography
subject: Fluoroscopy
subject: Contrast agent-other
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Congenital
subject: Clinical Cases

description: Clinical History: A 50-year-old male, a prospective renal transplant recipient is a known case of end stage renal disease. Retrograde Urethrography (RGU) and Voiding cystourethrography (VCUG) were performed as part of urological evaluation. Patient had no history of poor urinary stream and straining during micturition.

description: 50 years, male
Towards Online Steering of Flame Spray Pyrolysis Nanoparticle Synthesis
Creators: name: Levental, Maksim
name: Chard, Ryan
name: Libera, Joseph A.
name: Chard, Kyle
name: Koripelly, Aarthi
name: Elias, Jakob R.
name: Schwarting, Marcus
name: Blaiszik, Ben
name: Stan, Marius
name: Chaudhuri, Santanu
name: Foster, Ian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Flame Spray Pyrolysis (FSP) is a manufacturing technique to mass produce engineered nanoparticles for applications in catalysis, energy materials, composites, and more. FSP instruments are highly dependent on a number of adjustable parameters, including fuel injection rate, fuel-oxygen mixtures, and temperature, which can greatly affect the quality, quantity, and properties of the yielded nanoparticles. Optimizing FSP synthesis requires monitoring, analyzing, characterizing, and modifying experimental conditions.Here, we propose a hybrid CPU-GPU Difference of Gaussians (DoG)method for characterizing the volume distribution of unburnt solution, so as to enable near-real-time optimization and steering of FSP experiments. Comparisons against standard implementations show our method to be an order of magnitude more efficient. This surrogate signal can be deployed as a component of an online end-to-end pipeline that maximizes the synthesis yield.
Comparing Individuals with Binge Eating Disorder to Objective Overeaters and Healthy Controls
Creators: name: Schreyer, Colleen Clarkin
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2009
Subjects: Binge Eating Disorder
Objective Overeater

description: This study examined the relation between loss of control (LOC) during large eating episodes and eating disorder related pathology to assess the importance of LOC as a diagnostic criterion of Binge Eating Disorder. Participants who met criteria for Binge Eating Disorder and experienced loss of control during eating episodes were compared to objective overeaters (no LOC during eating episodes), and healthy controls (no eating episodes) on measures of eating disorder symptomatology including body image, dieting behaviors, and parental pressure to diet. Body Mass Index (BMI) was evaluated as a potential moderator of the effects of group status on eating disorder pathology. Participants (N = 251) were recruited online through weight loss and general interest websites. Results showed binge eaters reported increased levels of body image disturbance and depression, but lower levels of self-esteem compared to both objective overeaters and healthy controls. BMI moderated the effect of group status on dieting behaviors. In addition, BMI was associated with increased perceived social pressure to be thin, as well as increased perceived parental pressure to diet. Receiving parental pressure to diet was associated with an earlier age of onset of dieting and an increased chance of being overweight or obese. These findings support previous research (Striegel-Moore et al. 1998) that loss of control is an important discriminating factor between individuals with and without Binge Eating Disorder.
On power-supply current testing of mixed-signal phase-locked-loops
Creators: name: Dalmia, Maneesha
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Due to rapid advances in the speed and complexity of VLSI circuits, analog and mixed-signal circuits are going through a resurgence. Today, the state-of-the-art of the analog and mixed-signal integrated circuit testing is to use application-specific test techniques for individual modules. Efforts have been made to develop simple, generic test techniques to tackle this problem. Current-mode testing is one such approach. The effectiveness of power supply current testing for digital IC's has led researchers to explore the possibility of extending this concept to testing analog blocks of mixed-signal ICs. Unfortunately, current-mode test techniques developed for commonly-studied analog blocks, such as op-amps and filters, do not apply to non-linear blocks such as phase-locked loops. This thesis focuses on investigating the effectiveness of using power supply current monitoring techniques to detect potential faults in phase-locked loop (PLL) circuits. The decision for declaring a circuit as fault free, or- faulty, is made by defining a simple threshold which takes into account the tolerances on the circuit parameters and process variations.
Analytical Approximation of the Second-Harmonic Conversion Efficiency
Creators: name: Daniel, John R.
name: Tsai, Shan-Wen
name: Hemmerling, Boerge
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The second-harmonic generation process of a focused laser beam inside a nonlinear crystal is described by the Boyd-Kleinman theory. Calculating the actual conversion efficiency and upconverted power requires the solution of a double integral that is analytically intractable. We provide an expression that predicts the exact gain coefficient within an error margin of less than 2% over several orders of magnitude of the confocal parameter and as a function of the walk-off parameter. Our result allows for readily tuning the beam parameters to optimize the performance of the upconversion process and improve optical system designs.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures
Additional file 1 of Autoimmunity is a hallmark of post-COVID syndrome
Creators: name: Rojas, Manuel
name: Rodríguez, Yhojan
name: Acosta-Ampudia, Yeny
name: Monsalve, Diana M.
name: Zhu, Chengsong
name: Li, Quan-Zhen
name: Ramírez-Santana, Carolina
name: Anaya, Juan-Manuel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 1. Additional Methods.
Development of a Questionnaire Assessing Teacher Attitudes about Social and Emotional Learning
Creators: name: Ambike, Archana
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2008
Subjects: Psychology, Developmental (0620)
teacher attitudes
social and emotional learning
program implementation
TASEL

description: In the past 20 years school districts have increasingly adopted classroom-based social and emotional development programs. The dissemination of these programs, however, has surpassed our understanding of and ability to assess factors that influence program implementation. The present study responded to this gap by developing and assessing the psychometric properties of a questionnaire that focuses on teacher attitudes toward social-emotional learning programs. One hundred forty-five Baltimore City Head Start preschool teachers completed the questionnaire. Factor analyses produced six scales: administrative support, training, competence, program effectiveness, time constraints, and curriculum priority. Several of these scales predicted teacher reports of program implementation. The questionnaire holds great promise as a tool to assess barriers to social and emotional program implementation.
Combined Heat and Power in Automobiles: Utilization of Waste Engine Heat to Drive Ethanol/Water Distillation
Creators: name: D'Alessio, Benjamin
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2011
Subjects: CHP
Combined heat and power
corn ethanol production
ethanol distillation
ethanol energy balance

description: The production of ethanol from corn is currently an energy intensive process and provides a marginal energy investment return. The final steps of ethanol purification involve distillation and dehydration, together consuming the most energy in the ethanol production process. The most practical way to reduce this energy requirement is to reduce the distillation requirement at the manufacturing level. This can be realized by the use of combined heat and power technology, in which ethanol is used as the primary fuel in an engine and provides energy to do both mechanical work and heat energy to drive the distillation of an aqueous ethanol mixture. The net energy value is the energy released from combustion divided by the energy required to create the fuel. Given a startup amount of ethanol is present, it is possible to raise the net energy value of ethanol from 1.08 to 3.78 if distillation at the manufacturing level ceases at 50% v/v purity. The goal of this study was to investigate the feasibility of a system described as such by build a functioning proof of concept. In doing so, waste exhaust heat from a small Honda generator set was successfully captured to drive an ethanol/water distillation column capable of producing ethanol at 90% v/v purity. Further development is pending on resolving scale-up issues and running the generator set on 90% v/v ethanol to fully close the loop and realize the full potential of the combined heat and power system.
title: Giant congenital mesenteric lymphatic malformation
Creators: name: Oprisan, Anca Alexandra Ioana
name: Belloch Ripollés, Vicente
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Paediatric radiology
subject: Foetal imaging
subject: Obstetrics (Pregnancy / birth / postnatal period)
subject: Paediatric
subject: Ultrasound-Colour Doppler
subject: Education
subject: Clinical Cases

description: Clinical History: A 37-year-old pregnant woman was submitted to our Hospital due to threatened preterm labour at 31 weeks of gestation. Obstetrical ultrasound (US) was performed. Severe polyhydramnios and dilated fetal abdominal cavity with multiple cysts were identified. The mother refused fetal intervention or prenatal invasive tests. Caesarean section was performed.

description: 37 years, female
Additional file 2 of Autoimmunity is a hallmark of post-COVID syndrome
Creators: name: Rojas, Manuel
name: Rodríguez, Yhojan
name: Acosta-Ampudia, Yeny
name: Monsalve, Diana M.
name: Zhu, Chengsong
name: Li, Quan-Zhen
name: Ramírez-Santana, Carolina
name: Anaya, Juan-Manuel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 2: Table S1. General characteristics of patients with overt autoimmunity during post-COVID syndrome.
title: CJD and MRI: typical imaging findings in a sporadic form of Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease
Creators: name: Cardì, Valentina
name: Motta, Lorenzo
name: Dugo, Marco
name: Cucchi, Paolo
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Neuroradiology
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: MR
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: Dementia
subject: Infection
subject: Inflammation
subject: Clinical Cases

description: Clinical History: A 76-year-old woman presented with a 2-month history of cognitive decline, unsteady gait, visual hallucinations, tremor on upper arms, aggressive behaviour.

The neurological examination revealed temporospatial disorientation, poor speech with mask-like face, hypokinesia, hyperexcitable t-reflex in upper arms, diffuse rigidity, hemisomatoagnosia. 

description: 76 years, female
Partitions of an Integer into Powers
Creators: name: Latapy, Matthieu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we use a simple discrete dynamical model to study partitions of integers into powers of another integer. We extend and generalize some known results about their enumeration and counting, and we give new structural results. In particular, we show that the set of these partitions can be ordered in a natural way which gives the distributive lattice structure to this set. We also give a tree structure which allow efficient and simple enumeration of the partitions of an integer.
Die Weltmissionskonferenz 2018 in arusha (Tansania)
Creators: name: Hofmann, Otto
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 67 Nr. 3 (2018): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 67, Heft 3
A two-dimensional finite element analysis of the stationary semiconductor device equations
Creators: name: Chavez, Patrick Pablo
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The ability to model the steady-state field inside active structures, such as a transistor, is an important aspect of monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) design. This paper focuses on such an active zone of semiconductor material, and presents a finite element analysis of the classical semiconductor equations. The semiconductor equations are very nonlinear and govern the potential and carrier density distributions in semiconductor materials. A previously developed finite element method (FEM) formulation of these equations, referred to as the current conservation model, is re-introduced and re-derived with compact matrix notation. It is shown how this formulation can be solved with the Newton-Raphson iterative scheme. Then, a newly developed FEM formulation, referred to as the advection-diffusion model, of the continuity equations is described in detail. It is shown by example how this formulation solved with Gummel's iterative technique is very numerically robust. These two different solution methods of the steady-state system of coupled Poisson and continuity equations are combined into a final solution algorithm that exploits their strengths. As a specific example, GaAs MESFETs are the focus of implementation, and the resulting potential field and carrier density distributions are used, to calculate various MESFET parameters such as electrode currents, voltage gain, capacitances, and conductances. Finally, various extensions to the FEM approach involving the application of the method of moments (MoM) are briefly discussed and partially demonstrated. These extensions are intended to compensate for the assumptions and simplifications, mainly with respect to the artificial boundary conditions, used in the original stand-alone FEM formulations.
title: CLIPPERS with brain and spinal cord involvement
Creators: name: Vercruysse, Vinciane
name: Rovira Cañellas, Alex
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Neuroradiology
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: Neuroradiology spine
subject: MR
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: Neuroradiology spine
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: Neuroradiology spine
subject: Clinical Cases

description: Clinical History: A 71-year-old male patient complained of gait ataxia, loss of muscle strength, recurrent falls, tremor in both hands and a weight loss of 10 kg over the last 3 months. The patient came to the emergency room after an acute episode of dysarthria and tingling in the face on the left side.

description: 71 years, male
title: Mohn :
title: Richtlinien für die Durchführung der Prüfung auf Unterscheidbarkeit, Homogenität und Beständigkeit.
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: International Union For The Protection Of New Varieties Of Plants,
Publisher: name: International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants,
Year: 0
Subjects: Group identity.
New Varieties of Plants
Seed Poppy

description: Zweck dieser Richtlinien („Prüfungsrichtlinien“) ist es, die in der Allgemeinen Einführung (Dokument TG/1/3) und deren verbundenen TGP-Dokumenten enthaltenen Grundsätze in detaillierte praktische Anleitung für die harmonisierte Prüfung der Unterscheidbarkeit, der Homogenität und der Beständigkeit (DUS) umzusetzen und insbesondere geeignete Merkmale für die DUS-Prüfung und die Erstellung harmonisierter Sortenbeschreibungen auszuweisen.
title: Optic nerve glioblastoma
Creators: name: Vercruysse, Vinciane
name: Rovira Cañellas, Alex
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Neuroradiology
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: MR
subject: Neoplasia
subject: Clinical Cases

description: Clinical History: A 37-year-old woman complained of left-sided painless vision loss and dyschromatopsia for several weeks. On examination, there was a decreased visual acuity on the left side. She was diagnosed with optic neuritis. However, during treatment with intravenous methylprednisolone, there was significant worsening of the visual acuity in one-month time.

description: 37 years, female
Tracing gas motions in the Centaurus Cluster
Creators: name: Graham, J.
name: Fabian, A. C.
name: Sanders, J. S.
name: Morris, R. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply the stochastic model of iron transport developed by Rebusco et. al. (2005) to the Centaurus cluster. Using this model, we find that an effective diffusion coefficient D in the range 2x10^28 - 4x10^28 cm^2 s^-1 can approximately reproduce the observed abundance distribution. Reproducing the flat central profile and sharp drop around 30-70 kpc, however, requires a diffusion coefficient that drops rapidly with radius so that D > 4x10^28 cm^2 s^-1 only inside about 25 kpc. Assuming that all transport is due to fully-developed turbulence, which is also responsible for offsetting cooling in the cluster core, we calculate the length and velocity scales of energy injection. These length scales are found to be up to a factor of ~ 10 larger than expected if the turbulence is due to the inflation and rising of a bubble. We also calculate the turbulent thermal conductivity and find it is unlikely to be significant in preventing cooling.
description: 9 Pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Image Classification Algorithm for Determining the Light Curve Morphologies of ASAS-SN Eclipsing Binaries
Creators: name: Ulas, Burak
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a classification of the light curve morphologies of eclipsing binary systems observed by ASAS-SN based on their light curve images. The data of 16500 eclipsing systems having three different classes (detached Algol type, $β$ Lyr type, and W UMa type) are collected to construct their light curves. A deep learning algorithm containing the convolutional neural networks is employed on the images to achieve a satisfying classification. A code called ASEBCLASS is written in Python language, and it uses the TensorFlow platform through Keras API to employ the mathematical libraries in the training phase of the model. The architecture consists of four groups of convolutional, activation, maximum pooling layers together with the additional fully connected layers. The results show that our algorithm estimates the morphological class of an external input image data with an accuracy value of 92%.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables
title: Cervical Lipoleiomyoma: A rare variant of uterine leiomyoma
Creators: name: KUMAR, AMAN
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genital (female) imaging
subject: Genital / Reproductive system female
subject: MR
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: Clinical Cases

description: Clinical History: A postmenopausal 45-year-old woman presented with abnormal uterine bleeding ; with passage of clots and abdominal discomfort for past 4 months.She denied any dysuria,altered bowel habits or constitutional symptoms. Clinical examination revealed normal vital signs with soft abdomen and no palpable masses. Gynecological examination shows a non-tender cervical mass in posterior fornix with blood clots.

description: 45 years, female
On the two-photon contributions to $e^+e^-\toηγ$ and $e^+e^-\toη^\primeγ$
Creators: name: Silagadze, Z. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by recent BABAR measurements of the $γ^*\toγη$ and $γ^*\toγη^\prime $ transition form factors, we estimate two-photon exchange contributions to the corresponding cross sections. By using a phenomenological model, based on the vector meson dominance, it is argued that the expected contributions are small enough not to effect the BABAR results. As a by product we predict $Br(η^\prime\toμ^+μ^-)= (1.4\pm 0.2)\times 10^{-7}$. Our results might be useful also in high precision calculations of radiative corrections to the Dalitz decays of pseudoscalar mesons.
description: 23 pages, LaTeX, needs FEYNMAN package
Structural basis for the rescue of hyperexcitable cells by the amyotrophic lateral sclerosis drug Riluzole.
Creators: name: Hollingworth, David
name: Thomas, Frances
name: Page, Dana A
name: Fouda, Mohamed A
name: De Castro, Raquel Lopez-Rios
name: Sula, Altin
name: Mykhaylyk, Vitaliy B
name: Kelly, Geoff
name: Ulmschneider, Martin B
name: Ruben, Peter C
name: Wallace, BA
Publisher: name: The Francis Crick Institute
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: Structural Biology & Biophysics
subject: Structural Biology & Biophysics
classificationCode: Imaging
subject: Imaging

description: Neuronal hyperexcitability is a key element of many neurodegenerative disorders including the motor neuron disease Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), where it occurs associated with elevated late sodium current (INaL). INaL results from incomplete inactivation of voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSCs) after their opening and shapes physiological membrane excitability. However, dysfunctional increases can cause hyperexcitability-associated diseases. Here we reveal the atypical binding mechanism which explains how the neuroprotective ALS-treatment drug riluzole stabilises VGSCs in their inactivated state to cause the suppression of INaL that leads to reversed cellular overexcitability. Riluzole accumulates in the membrane and enters VGSCs through openings to their membrane-accessible fenestrations. Riluzole binds within these fenestrations to stabilise the inactivated channel state, allowing for the selective allosteric inhibition of INaL without the physical block of Na+ conduction associated with traditional channel pore binding VGSC drugs. We further demonstrate that riluzole can reproduce these effects on a disease variant of the non-neuronal VGSC isoform Nav1.4, where pathologically increased INaL is caused directly by mutation. Overall, we identify a model for VGSC inhibition that produces effects consistent with the inhibitory action of riluzole observed in models of ALS. Our findings will aid future drug design and supports research directed towards riluzole repurposing.
title: Neurofibromatosis 1 classic findings and fulfilling the diagnostic criteria
Creators: name: Patel, Nitesh
name: agawane, karuna
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Neuroradiology
subject: CNS
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: MR
subject: Computer Applications-3D
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: Anatomy and Functional Imaging

description: Clinical History: A 9-year-old child with swelling over left occipital region since birth. Café au lait spots over trunk and back. His maternal grandmother had similar history of café au lait spots. 

description: 9 years, male
Challenging an experimental nonlinear modal analysis method with a new strongly friction-damped structure
Creators: name: Scheel, Maren
name: Weigele, Tobias
name: Krack, Malte
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: In this work, we show that a recently proposed method for experimental nonlinear modal analysis based on the extended periodic motion concept is well suited to extract modal properties for strongly nonlinear systems (i.e. in the presence of large frequency shifts, high and nonlinear damping, changes of the mode shape, and higher harmonics). To this end, we design a new test rig that exhibits a large extent of friction-induced damping (modal damping ratio up to 15 %) and frequency shift by 36 %. The specimen, called RubBeR, is a cantilevered beam under the influence of dry friction, ranging from full stick to mainly sliding. With the specimen's design, the measurements are well repeatable for a system subjected to dry frictional force. Then, we apply the method to the specimen and show that single-point excitation is sufficient to track the modal properties even though the deflection shape changes with amplitude. Computed frequency responses using a single nonlinear-modal oscillator with the identified modal properties agree well with measured reference curves of different excitation levels, indicating the modal properties' significance and accuracy.
description: The final version of this article is available online at http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsv.2020.115580
title: Meningitis, brain abscesses and a hepatic cyst
Creators: name: Zhang, Yue
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Neuroradiology
subject: Liver
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: Infection
subject: Clinical Cases

description: Clinical History: A 56-year-old male heavy drinker was admitted for fever, headache, vomiting and confusion for 4 days. Lumbar puncture revealed opening pressure exceeding 400mmH2O. CSF leukocyte count reached 13788×106/l (0-6). CSF Glucose reduced to 0.22mmol/l (2.5-4.5). Klebsiella pneumoniae was identified in CSF. Next-generation sequencing also detected the same pathogen. He had no running nose, ear discharge, cough or chest pain. No history of diabetes or heart valve disease was recorded. Test for HIV was negative.



description: 56 years, male
A high-fidelity method for a single-step $N$-bit Toffoli gate in trapped ions
Creators: name: Espinoza, Juan Diego Arias
name: Groenland, Koen
name: Mazzanti, Matteo
name: Schoutens, Kareljan
name: Gerritsma, Rene
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Conditional multi-qubit gates are a key component for elaborate quantum algorithms. In a recent work, Rasmussen et al. (Phys. Rev. A 101, 022308) proposed an efficient single-step method for a prototypical multi-qubit gate, a Toffoli gate, based on a combination of Ising interactions between control qubits and an appropriate driving field on a target qubit. Trapped ions are a natural platform to implement this method, since Ising interactions mediated by phonons have been demonstrated in increasingly large ion crystals. However, the simultaneous application of these interactions and the driving field required for the gate results in undesired entanglement between the qubits and the motion of the ions, reducing the gate fidelity. In this work, we propose a solution based on adiabatic switching of these phonon mediated Ising interactions. We study the effects of imperfect ground state cooling, and use spin-echo techniques to undo unwanted phase accumulation in the achievable fidelities. For gates coupling to all axial modes of a linear crystal, we calculate high fidelities ($>$ 99%) $N$-qubit rotations with $N=$ 3-7 ions cooled to their ground state of motion and a gate time below 1~ms. The high fidelities obtained also for large crystals could make the gate competitive with gate-decomposed, multi-step variants of the $N$-qubit Toffoli gate, at the expense of requiring ground state cooling of the ion crystal.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures including appendices
title: Canal of nuck hernia with ovary in an infant with inguinal swelling
Creators: name: Regmi, Pradeep
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Paediatric radiology
subject: Emergency
subject: Paediatric
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Ultrasound-Colour Doppler
subject: Education
subject: Congenital
subject: Clinical Cases

description: Clinical History: A 4-month-old infant was brought to the emergency due to non-reducible swelling on the left inguinal region since day one. The swelling was seen on and off since birth especially increases when the baby cries. On clinical examination, visible and palpable slightly reddish swelling was seen in the left inguinal region. External genitalia was normal. Then, ultrasound was advised for further evaluation.

description: 4 months, female
title: Metacarpal epiphyseal lesion
Creators: name: Vaz, Andre
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Paediatric radiology
subject: Bones
subject: Musculoskeletal system
subject: Paediatric
subject: MR
subject: Teleradiology
subject: Clinical Cases

description: Clinical History: A 14-year-old boy reported chronic pain in the 4th finger. He also reported a previous trivial hand trauma a few months ago.

description: 14 years, male
title: Thalamo-mesencephalic giant tumefactive perivascular spaces- A rare cause of chronic obstructive hydrocephalus and hemiparesis
Creators: name: Kumawat, Naurtamal
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Neuroradiology
subject: CNS
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: MR
subject: Imaging sequences
subject: Clinical Cases

description: Clinical History: A 10-year-old male patient came to our hospital for headache and right-sided hemiparesis for one year. No other significant history was present.

description: 10 years, male
Decision and Feature Level Fusion of Deep Features Extracted from Public COVID-19 Data-sets
Creators: name: Ilhan, Hamza Osman
name: Serbes, Gorkem
name: Aydin, Nizamettin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The Coronavirus (COVID-19), which is an infectious pulmonary disorder, has affected millions of people and has been declared as a global pandemic by the WHO. Due to highly contagious nature of COVID-19 and its high possibility of causing severe conditions in the patients, the development of rapid and accurate diagnostic tools have gained importance. The real-time reverse transcription-polymerize chain reaction (RT-PCR) is used to detect the presence of Coronavirus RNA by using the mucus and saliva mixture samples. But, RT-PCR suffers from having low-sensitivity especially in the early stage. Therefore, the usage of chest radiography has been increasing in the early diagnosis of COVID-19 due to its fast imaging speed, significantly low cost and low dosage exposure of radiation. In our study, a computer-aided diagnosis system for X-ray images based on convolutional neural networks (CNNs), which can be used by radiologists as a supporting tool in COVID-19 detection, has been proposed. Deep feature sets extracted by using CNNs were concatenated for feature level fusion and fed to multiple classifiers in terms of decision level fusion idea with the aim of discriminating COVID-19, pneumonia and no-finding classes. In the decision level fusion idea, a majority voting scheme was applied to the resultant decisions of classifiers. The obtained accuracy values and confusion matrix based evaluation criteria were presented for three progressively created data-sets. The aspects of the proposed method that are superior to existing COVID-19 detection studies have been discussed and the fusion performance of proposed approach was validated visually by using Class Activation Mapping technique. The experimental results show that the proposed approach has attained high COVID-19 detection performance that was proven by its comparable accuracy and superior precision/recall values with the existing studies.
description: 20 Pages, 9 Figures, 4 Tables and submitted a journal
Neuformulierung der Welt: Auf dem Weg zu einer wirklichen christlichen Schöpfungslehre
Creators: name: Jennings, Willie James
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 67 Nr. 3 (2018): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 67, Heft 3
title: Moya-Moya syndrome as a cause of premature stroke
Creators: name: Raja, Manju
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Neuroradiology
subject: CNS
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: Catheter arteriography
subject: CT
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: MR-Angiography
subject: Clinical Cases

description: Clinical History: A 35-year-old lady with young hypertension had history of 2 episodes of TIA in Jan 2018. Patient presented with numbness, pricking sensation and heaviness of left arm in Feb 2018. On examination, power of the left upper and lower limb was 4+/5. In Sept 2018, patient had revascularisation procedure. 

description: 35 years, female
Correlated Charge Noise and Relaxation Errors in Superconducting Qubits
Creators: name: Wilen, C. D.
name: Abdullah, S.
name: Kurinsky, N. A.
name: Stanford, C.
name: Cardani, L.
name: D'Imperio, G.
name: Tomei, C.
name: Faoro, L.
name: Ioffe, L. B.
name: Liu, C. H.
name: Opremcak, A.
name: Christensen, B. G.
name: DuBois, J. L.
name: McDermott, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The central challenge in building a quantum computer is error correction. Unlike classical bits, which are susceptible to only one type of error, quantum bits ("qubits") are susceptible to two types of error, corresponding to flips of the qubit state about the $X$- and $Z$-directions. While the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle precludes simultaneous monitoring of $X$- and $Z$-flips on a single qubit, it is possible to encode quantum information in large arrays of entangled qubits that enable accurate monitoring of all errors in the system, provided the error rate is low. Another crucial requirement is that errors cannot be correlated. Here, we characterize a superconducting multiqubit circuit and find that charge fluctuations are highly correlated on a length scale over 600~$μ$m; moreover, discrete charge jumps are accompanied by a strong transient suppression of qubit energy relaxation time across the millimeter-scale chip. The resulting correlated errors are explained in terms of the charging event and phonon-mediated quasiparticle poisoning associated with absorption of gamma rays and cosmic-ray muons in the qubit substrate. Robust quantum error correction will require the development of mitigation strategies to protect multiqubit arrays from correlated errors due to particle impacts.
Family Chaos, Cognitions, and Their Relations To Behavioral and Cardiovascular Functioning
Creators: name: Min, Chris B
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2010
Subjects: Behavior
Cardiovascular
Chaos
Cognitions
Preschool
Sleep

description: The current study examined the relations between family environment and behavioral and cardiovascular outcomes in early childhood, with children's hostile cognitions and sleep as mediators. Forty-seven children (4- and 5-year-olds) from Head Start centers and their caregivers were recruited for the study. Children participated in a continuous performance task, and completed blood pressure and hostile cognitions assessments. Caregivers reported information regarding home environment and child behavior. More chaos in a child's home environment was related to less sleep. There were no other findings, though many relations were in the predicted directions and of moderate strength. Results highlight the importance of family functioning in the amount of sleep a child receives.
Additional file 3 of Autoimmunity is a hallmark of post-COVID syndrome
Creators: name: Rojas, Manuel
name: Rodríguez, Yhojan
name: Acosta-Ampudia, Yeny
name: Monsalve, Diana M.
name: Zhu, Chengsong
name: Li, Quan-Zhen
name: Ramírez-Santana, Carolina
name: Anaya, Juan-Manuel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 3: Table S2. Autoantibodies assessed in the present study.
title: Hot-cross bun sign in multiple system atrophy
Creators: name: Golouh, Valentin
name: Avsenik, Jernej
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Neuroradiology
subject: CNS
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: MR
subject: Clinical Cases

description: Clinical History: A 75-year-old male presented with symmetric parkinsonism, dysarthria, and autonomic dysfunction. He first noticed stiffness in his legs and gait difficulties 7 years before diagnosis. Orthostatisms, high-pitched dysarthria and a slight bilateral upper limb ataxia developed later. No bulbar abnormalities, except for a slight horizontal gaze-evoked nystagmus were noticed. Therapy with L-dopa was unsuccessful. 

description: 75 years, male
Community Forest Rights Mapping: Field School
Creators: name: Simlai, Trishant
Publisher: name: Smart Forests Atlas
Year: 2024
Subjects: Community forests
Monitoring
Field school

description: Smart Forests field schools conducted in the village of Kunao Chaur, Uttarakhand, India, in December 2022 and January 2023. The field schools investigated the socio-political dynamics emerging from the use of digital technologies for mapping indigenous forest rights and biodiversity.
Evaluating measures of nonclassical correlation in a multipartite quantum system
Creators: name: SaiToh, Akira
name: Rahimi, Robabeh
name: Nakahara, Mikio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce and compare several measures of nonclassical correlation defined on the basis of a widely-recognized paradigm claiming that a multipartite system represented by a density matrix having no product eigenbasis possesses nonclassical correlation.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, submitted to Proc. NIC@QS07
title: Metaphyseal lesions and periosteal reaction of long bones in a child
Creators: name: Vaz, Andre
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Paediatric radiology
subject: Bones
subject: Musculoskeletal bone
subject: Teleradiology
subject: Infection
subject: Clinical Cases

description: Clinical History: A 14-month-old child presented a rash in hands and feet that started 4 months ago. Laboratory tests showed anaemia, positive Venereal Disease Research Laboratory (VDRL) test (1:64 titer), and positive IgG and IgM Fluorescent Treponemal Antibody Absorption (FTA-ABS).

description: 14 months, male
An eclectic cry research tool for the automatic estimation of an infant’s level of distress
Creators: name: Black, John Scott
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The infant cry has received strong research interest from scientists, medical doctors and engineers for a number of decades. As an infant's primary vehicle for communication, it is believed that the cry contains valuable information of the infant's physical and emotional well-being. As a result, the cry has been proposed as a useful means for monitoring an infant's level of distress (LOD). Recently, a novel approach for estimating the LOD has been introduced based on the proven concept of the cry being composed of recognizable cry-words. Using an established set of ten crywords, a single value indication of an infant's LOD is obtainable called the H-value. Previous methods for demonstrating the usefulness of this measure required complex algorithms and a complete tool was not developed. In this thesis the development of such a desirable tool is reported. This tool uses no single recognition technique but rather an eclectic variety of correlation methods and simple decision rules in conjunction with common features and techniques such as the fundamental frequency, FFT, short-time energy and a modified power spectral density. Without computationally intensive routines, the complexity of the system was reduced from previous methods resulting in a practical cry research tool. Testing of this system made use of actual cry data. Comparisons are given with previous systems and experienced parents' LOD ratings. The tool was also implemented on both a SUN and a PC to demonstrate the portability of the tool between different systems.