cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Additional file 1 of What influences the use of HR analytics in Human Resource management in Norwegian municipal health care services?
Creators: name: Anthun, Kirsti Sarheim
name: Anthun, Kjartan Sarheim
name: Håland, Erna
name: Lillefjell, Monica
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 1.
Aproximacion a los estudios sobre la economia en la Segunda Republica espanola hasta 1936 -- Approaches to the economics of the Spanish Second Republic prior to 1936
Creators: name: Martin-de-Santos, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Economics (econ.GN)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Macroeconomic data on the Spanish economy during the Second Republic is not accurate, the interpretation of historical events from the figures obtained is divergent and misleading. Hasty laws were enacted in attempts to resolve social problems arising mainly from deep economic inequalities, but they were often nothing more than declarations of good intentions. Spain suffered in the aftermath of the international economic downturn as it began to be felt at the end of the dictatorship of General Primo de Rivera. Economic policy was developed under the Constitution,but, despite the differences between the first and second biennium, there was a tendency to maintain the guidelines from the previous stage and in general, sometimes unfairly, it aimed at least to avoid the destabilization of the financial system. Nonetheless, it ultimately failed to achieve its goals, mainly because of the frequent changes of government mediated by a social crisis of greater significance that had relegated economic issues into the background.
description: pp. 191-212, in Spanish, 2 figures
title: Geology of the Weston Canyon Area, Bannock Range, Idaho
Creators: name: Murdock, Clair N.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1961

description: The Weston Canyon area comprises the southern part of the Bannock Range and northwestern part of the Malad Range in southern Idaho. Geologic investigations of adjacent areas date from 1871. These investigations have led to detailed geologic reports that cover much of the Wasatch Range, Bear River Range, Malad Range, Portneuf Range, and Cache Valley. The geology of the southern part of the Bannock Range, however, has not been studied in detail, and it is the purpose of this investigation to map and describe the geology of the Weston Canyon area and to correlate it with previously described geology of the region.
The Geostrategy of Computer Chips (Semiconductors)
Creators: name: Saalbach, Klaus
Publisher: name: Universität Osnabrück
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Geostrategy
subject: Semiconductors
subject: Computer chips
subject: 320 - Politik
subject: 600 - Technik

description: After a long-term dominance of the perspective of the cyberspace as a virtual world, security experts are gaining a more and more physical understanding: who controls the devices and the cables, also controls the data in them. Meanwhile, it was realized that the production of computers and digital devices has critical bottlenecks and that the control of critical elements like rare metals and semiconductors (computer chips, computing chips, microprocessors) as core element of each digital device could be used for geostrategic purposes. Without advanced chips, further progress of digital technology is slowed down or even impossible. For this reason, an intense competition between US and China has taken place. The market analysis shows that US and its Asian allies (Japan, South Korea and Taiwan) dominate most of the chip production steps while China controls the materials needed for the production of the surrounding computers and digital devices, the rare metals. Since 2018, the United States stepwise restricted the export of semiconductors and related manufacturing equipment to China. Amongst other activities, the United States were able to block the selling of the so-called EUV technology to China which makes it in future for China quite difficult or even impossible to produce advanced chips (and thus advanced computers). On 07 Oct 2022, these restrictions were significantly expanded to restrict Chinas ability to obtain advanced computing chips, develop and maintain supercomputers, and manufacture advanced semiconductors. This step could significantly slow down Chinas technological development for years and China is now facing hard strategic choices and decisions.
title: The Mineral Resources of the Sevier River Drainage, Central Utah
Creators: name: Sanders, David T.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1962

description: A survey of the mineral resources, the economic rock products, and the ground-water reserves of that part of central Utah drained by the Sevier River system was undertaken by the author in the fall of 1960 as a continuation of a research project directed toward the stiumulation of economic growth in the state of Utah. The project was initiated in 1959 by Dr. Donald R. Olsen and Dr. J. Stewart Williams, who conducted a similar survey of a five county area in southwestern Utah (Olsen and Williams, 1960).
Through a review of existing literature, preliminary field examination of most of the important areas, and communications with owners, operators, and consulting geologists, an attempt has been made to include in this survey all of the important economic mineral and rock deposits. A review of the ground-water supplies of the region and a discussion of related problems are also included.
Each of the minerals and rock products is described alphabetically in a brief statement. This statement includes information concerning location, present status, present ownership, and geologic controls of accumulation. Where possible an estimate of the economic potential of each commodity is made. These estimates are based on accessibility, tonnage, grade, market value, etc. Each occurrence is also located on a map of the area.
title: Geomorphic Features and History of the Lower Part of Logan Canyon, Utah
Creators: name: Williams, Edmund J.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1964

description: Logan Canyon is located east of Logan, Utah, in the Bear River Range. The lower part of Logan Canyon is considered that section of the canyon from its mouth upstream to Tony Grove Canyon, a distance of 22 miles, Figure 1 Some tributary canyons of the lower part of Logan Canyon have been included in this investigation because of their relationship to Logan Canyon. Grassy Flat Canyon, a south tributary of Logan Canyon 4.4 miles from Logan, exhibits several geomorphic features related to the geology of Logan Canyon. Because of its extensive use and close association with Logan Canyon, Tony Grove Canyon is also included. Tony Grove Canyon extends from Logan Canyon northwestward to the crest of the Bear River Range, a distance of about six miles.
More than 20,000 feet of Paleozoic rocks ranging in age from Cambrian to Pennsylvanian are exposed in Logan Canyon . Cenozoic deposits are widespread in and near the canyon. The crest of the Bear River Range near Naomi Peak and Tony Grove Canyon was the center of glacial activity during the Pleistocene. During the glaciations of Tony Grove Canyon, Lake Bonneville extended into Logan Canyon and influenced the geomorphic development near the mouth of the canyon.
Logan Canyon is vital to the economy of Cache Valley. The canyon is a large part of the Logan River watershed. Logan River passes through three hydroelectric plants in Logan Canyon and supplies culinary and irrigation water for the valley below. Animals and plants of a wide variety are abundant, providing fishing , hunting, and a harvest of forest products.
U.S. highway 89 traverses the canyon and carries a large volume of traffic to points within the canyon, as well as to other areas. Logan Canyon is entirely within the Cache National Forest. Improved campsites and recreational facilities, which were used by almost 1.5 million visitors during 1963; according to the U. S. Forest Service, are located throughout the Canyon. Increased recreational and travel use of the canyon has resulted in a demand for more geologic work in this area .
Radio Halo Detection in MWA Data using Deep Neural Networks and Generative Data Augmentation
Creators: name: Mishra, Ashutosh K.
name: Tolley, Emma
name: Krishna, Shreyam Parth
name: Kneib, Jean-Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Detecting diffuse radio emission, such as from halos, in galaxy clusters is crucial for understanding large-scale structure formation in the universe. Traditional methods, which rely on X-ray and Sunyaev-Zeldovich (SZ) cluster pre-selection, introduce biases that limit our understanding of the full population of diffuse radio sources. In this work, we provide a possible resolution for this astrophysical tension by developing a machine learning (ML) framework capable of unbiased detection of diffuse emission, using a limited real dataset like those from the Murchison Widefield Array (MWA). We generate for the first time radio halo images using Wasserstein Generative Adversarial Networks (WGANs) and Denoising Diffusion Probabilistic Models (DDPMs), and apply them to train a neural network classifier independent of pre-selection methods. The halo images generated by DDPMs are of higher quality than those produced by WGANs. The diffusion-supported classifier with a multi-head attention block achieved the best average validation accuracy of 95.93% over 10 runs, using 36 clusters for training and 10 for testing, without further hyperparameter tuning. Using our classifier, we rediscovered 9/12 halos (75% detection rate) from the MeerKAT Galaxy Cluster Legacy Survey (MGCLS) Catalogue, and 5/8 halos (63% detection rate) from the Planck Sunyaev-Zeldovich Catalogue 2 (PSZ2) within the GaLactic and Extragalactic All-sky MWA (GLEAM) survey. In addition, we identify 11 potential new halos, minihalos, or candidates in the COSMOS field using XMM-chandra-detected clusters in GLEAM data. This work demonstrates the potential of ML for unbiased detection of diffuse emission and provides labeled datasets for further study.
description: 16 pages, Submitted to MNRAS
Steady-state thermodynamics for population dynamics in fluctuating environments with side information
Creators: name: Miyahara, Hideyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Steady-state thermodynamics (SST) is a relatively newly emerging subfield of physics, which deals with transitions between steady states. In this paper, we find an SST-like structure in population dynamics of organisms that can sense their fluctuating environments. As heat is divided into two parts in SST, we decompose population growth into two parts: housekeeping growth and excess growth. Then, we derive the Clausius equality and inequality for excess growth. Using numerical simulations, we demonstrate how the Clausius inequality behaves depending on the magnitude of noise and strategies that organisms employ. Finally, we discuss the novelty of our findings and compare them with a previous study.
description: 18 pages, 8 figures. accepted for publication in Journal of Statistical Mechanics: Theory and Experiment
Additional file 7 of The cadDX operon contributes to cadmium resistance, oxidative stress resistance, and virulence in zoonotic streptococci
Creators: name: Zhu, Xinchi
name: Liang, Zijing
name: Ma, Jiale
name: Huang, Jinhu
name: Wang, Liping
name: Yao, Huochun
name: Wu, Zongfu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics

description: Additional file 7. Differential gene expression in ΔcadDX compared with the WT.
title: From "Struggling" to "Example": How Cross-Age Tutoring Impacts Latina Adolescents' Reader Identities
Creators: name: Drake, Dustin H.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2017

description: The achievement gap has long been viewed as a persistent shortcoming of the public education system in the U.S. The achievement gap also highlights the challenges faced by Latino populations with educational achievements and future employment prospects. The purpose of this multiple-case study was to describe how four Latina adolescents, each of whom identified herself as a struggling or “not good” reader, reauthored their reading identities by acting as reading tutors to elementary students. This study combined elements of narrative inquiry with multiple case study research. The four participants—Paula, Lucia, Cassandra, and Amaia (all names are pseudonyms)—were selected from a cross-age tutoring program for Latino youth called Latinos in Action located in the state of Utah. As part of this class, ninth-graders received training on how to provide tutoring in reading to elementary students, and they tutored elementary students twice per week for 30 minutes.
The participants underwent 6 months of tutoring. Prior to tutoring, the participants were interviewed to ascertain how their reader identities had developed through adolescence. Subsequent interviews with the participants, teachers, and family members, in addition to observed tutoring sessions, illustrated ways that tutoring provided an avenue for the participants to re-author their reader identities. Using these data, I worked with participants to develop narratives regarding their reading experiences and identities. I used an a priori Bakhtinian framework to explain what I viewed in the narratives, with conclusions confirmed by each participant. Finally, I used constant comparative analytic methods to identify common themes across the participants’ stories.
From the analysis, I identified five major themes as the findings of this study: examples at home, school as authoritative, fluent oral reading in English, reading aloud in tutoring, and changes in reading practices. The process of tutoring younger students provided a place, within the authoritative space of the school setting, where the participants were able to practice this skill. The results of this study indicated that educators and policy makers can look to cross-age tutoring as one method to provide adolescent, struggling readers with opportunities to positively adjust their reader identities.
Dark discrete breather modes in monoaxial chiral helimagnet with easy-plane anisotropy
Creators: name: Bostrem, I. G.
name: Ekomasov, E. G.
name: Kishine, J.
name: Ovchinnikov, A. S.
name: Sinitsyn, V. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nonlinearity and discreteness are two pivotal factors for an emergence of discrete breather excitations in various media. We argue that these requirements are met in the forced ferromagnetic phase of the monoaxial chiral helimagnet CrNb$_3$S$_6$ due to specific domain structure of the compound. The stationary, time-periodic breather modes appear as the discrete breather lattice solutions whose period mismatches with a system size. Thanks to easy-plane single-ion anisotropy intrinsic to CrNb$_3$S$_6$, these modes are of the dark type with frequencies lying within the linear spin-wave band, close to its bottom edge. They represent cnoidal states of magnetization, similar to the well-known soliton lattice ground state, with differing but limited number of embedded $2π$-kinks. Linear stability of these dark breather modes is verified by means of the Floquet analysis. Their energy controlled by two parameters, namely the breather lattice period and amplitude, falls off linearly with a growth of the kink number. These results may pave a new path to design spintronic resonators on the base of chiral helimagnets.
description: 13 pages, 13 figures; accepted in Physical Review B
XID II: Statistical Cross-Association of ROSAT Bright Source Catalog X-ray Sources with 2MASS Point Source Catalog Near-Infrared Sources
Creators: name: Haakonsen, Christian Bernt
name: Rutledge, Robert E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The 18806 ROSAT All Sky Survey Bright Source Catalog (RASS/BSC) X-ray sources are quantitatively cross-associated with near-infrared (NIR) sources from the Two Micron All Sky Survey Point Source Catalog (2MASS/PSC). An association catalog is presented, listing the most likely counterpart for each RASS/BSC source, the probability Pid that the NIR source and X-ray source are uniquely associated, and the probability Pnoid that none of the 2MASS/PSC sources are associated with the X-ray source. The catalog includes 3853 high quality (Pid>0.98) X-ray--NIR matches, 2280 medium quality (0.98>Pid>0.9) matches, and 4153 low quality (0.9>Pid>0.5) matches. Of the high quality matches, 1418 are associations that are not listed in the SIMBAD database, and for which no high quality match with a USNO-A2 optical source was presented for the RASS/BSC source in previous work. The present work offers a significant number of new associations with RASS/BSC objects that will require optical/NIR spectroscopy for classification. For example, of the 6133 Pid>0.9 2MASS/PSC counterparts presented in the association catalog, 2411 have no classification listed in the SIMBAD database. These 2MASS/PSC sources will likely include scientifically useful examples of known source classes of X-ray emitters (white dwarfs, coronally active stars, active galactic nuclei), but may also contain previously unknown source classes. It is determined that all coronally active stars in the RASS/BSC should have a counterpart in the 2MASS/PSC, and that the unique association of these RASS/BSC sources with their NIR counterparts thus is confusion limited.
description: 14 pages, 13 figures, 5 tables
Whistler-triggered lower hybrid resonance noise in irregularites [sic] of the ionosphere
Creators: name: Michkofsky, Ronald Nick
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The mechanism suggested for whistler triggered LHR noise is that of a whistler propagating from a region of the ionosphere where the unperturbed number densities are uniform into one where there is a small spatial irregularity in number density. To investigate at what frequencies the resulting induced electric field may be significant compared to the inducing field (a whistler), steady state solutions were obtained for the electric and magnetic fields that may exist in a fully ionized plasma that has a small spatial irregularity in number density. The plasma is taken to be in a constant and uniform background magnetic field and to have parameters consistent with the upper ionosphere. The irregularity is taken to be a spatially varying cosine function with wave number K. Assuming the governing equations to be Maxwell's equations and the zeroth and the first moment equations of the collisionless Boltzmann equation, we obtained solutions with a perturbation scheme. The equations were linearized and terms were only kept to second order. The first order terms formed a set of equations governing a plasma with unperturbed number densities that were constant in time and space. For first order variables that are plane waves with wave number k and frequency co, the postulated irregularity gives rise to a second order electric field with a frequency dependence of CJ. An investigation was made to determine at which frequencies the second order electric field was significant compared to first order fields. For k parallel to K and perpendicular to B^, it was found that the second order field had a peak value at the LHR (lower hybrid resonance) frequency. For K of the order of 10⁻³ cm⁻¹ , an additional peak occurred for a frequency less than the LHR frequency, when K = 2k. With K -4 -2 -1 increasing from 10 ⁻³ to 10 cm⁻¹ , this frequency increased from 36% to within .3% of the LHR frequency. Neglecting the second order magnetic field, solutions were obtained for k in the x-z plane, B[sup (0)] in the positive z-direction, and K in the positive x-direction. For 9, the angle formed by lc and B[sup (0]), not equal to 90°, the second order electric field had a peak that was greater than the LHR frequency. For 6 = 71.57°, the frequency of the peak changes from 1.005 to 31 times the LHR frequency as K varies from 10⁻² to 10⁻⁴ cm⁻¹ . For K = 10⁻³ cm⁻¹ , the frequency of the peak changes from 1 to approximately 3.5 times the LHR frequency as 8 varies from 90° to 0°.
Additional file 1 of Influence of dietary cholesterol on metabolic syndrome risk in middle-aged Korean adults: using the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KoGES)
Creators: name: Kwon, Hyunkyung
name: Kang, Minji
name: Lim, Hyunjung
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 1
title: Object Recognition in Videos Utilizing Hierarchical and Temporal Objectness with Deep Neural Networks
Creators: name: Peng, Liang
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2017

description: This dissertation develops a novel system for object recognition in videos. The input of the system is a set of unconstrained videos containing a known set of objects. The output is the locations and categories for each object in each frame across all videos. Initially, a shot boundary detection algorithm is applied to the videos to divide them into multiple sequences separated by the identified shot boundaries. Since each of these sequences still contains moderate content variations, we further use a cost optimization-based key frame extraction method to select key frames in each sequence and use these key frames to divide the videos into shorter sub-sequences with little content variations. Next, we learn object proposals on the first frame of each sub-sequence. Building upon the state-of-the-art object detection algorithms, we develop a tree-based hierarchical model to improve the object detection. Using the learned object proposals as the initial object positions in the first frame of each sub-sequence, we apply the SPOT tracker to track the object proposals and re-rank them using the proposed temporal objectness to obtain object proposals tubes by removing unlikely objects. Finally, we employ the deep Convolution Neural Network (CNN) to perform classification on these tubes. Experiments show that the proposed system significantly improves the object detection rate of the learned proposals when comparing with some state-of-the-art object detectors. Due to the improvement in object detection, the proposed system also achieves higher mean average precision at the stage of proposal classification than the state-of-the-art methods.
Effect of the anomalous dispersion in the solar atmosphere on results of magnetic field measurements by the line-ratio method
Creators: name: Lozitskii, V. G.
name: Sheminova, V. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: On the basis of Stokes parameter calculations for the Fe I 524.7 and 525.0 nm lines and the Holweger-Muller model atmosphere, the effect of the anomalous dispersion on solar magnetic field measurements by the line-ratio method is analyzed. It is shown that with the present-day observational accuracy the anomalous dispersion should be taken into consideration in the line-ratio method only when the following four conditions are fulfilled simultaneously: a) the inclination of the magnetic lines to the line of sight does not exceed 20 degrees; b) the magnetic field strength is larger than 100 mT; c) the cross profile of the magnetic field in subtelescopic flux tubes is rectangular; and d) the parts of the magnetically sensitive line profiles close to the line center (<4 pm) are used.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures, published by Kinematics Phys. Celest. Bodies, 1993
title: Environmental Analysis of the Upper Cambrian Nounan Formation, Bear River Range and Wellsville Mountain, North-Central Utah
Creators: name: Gardiner, Larry L.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1974

description: The Nounan Formation in north-central Utah thickens northward from 696 feet near Causey Dam to 1147 feet at High Creek in the Bear River Range, and northwestward to 1149 feet at Dry Canyon in Wellsville Mountain. The basal contact of the Nounan Formation is sharp, but dolomite extends irregularly downward into limestones of the Bloomington Formation as much as 6 feet.
The Nounan Formation is divided into three members based on lithologic characters: (1) a lower member composed of dark, medium-crystalline dolomite; (2) a middle member composed of white, coarse-crystalline dolomite with tongues of dark dolomite; and (3) an upper member of interbedded light and dark dolomites and limestones with local arenites and sandy carbonates.
The lower member was deposited in a high-energy, shallow-marine subtidal to intertidal environment. Evidence includes sets of low-angle cross stratification (dunes), oncolites, oolites, and rip-up clasts.
The middle member forms distinctive ledges and cliffs. The presence of thinly laminated algal stromatolites and relict structures seen also in the lower member indicate a subtidal to intertidal environment similar to that inferred for the lower member. The white color and coarse crystallinity may have resulted from recrystallization of the dark, finer grained dolomite that comprises the lower member.
The upper member is characterized by lithologic variability. Thicknesses of limestone are greatest in the north, and decrease to only a few feet in the south. Quartz and other terrigenous minerals are scattered at intervals throughout the upper member, with a marker of sandy (arenaceous) dolomites at the base and near the middle and an increase of sand near the top also. The upper contact, with quartz-rich arenites (subarkosic quartzites) of the Worm Creek Member of tho St. Charles Formation, is gradational overall, but is sharp and planar in each section and readily located. In the upper member, algal mats trapped a varying but overall increasing influx of quartz and feldspar, probably in shallow subtidal environments, and vertically stacked hemispheroids suggest that depositional conditions may have included intertidal.
Virtually all of the dolomite in the Nounan Formation must have formed by replacement of lime sediments by downward-moving high-magnesium brines. It is that these brines originated in restricted, shallow, subtidal evaporating basins, such as the Great Bahama Banks today, and associated supratidal flats. Lateral changes from limestone to dolomite overall and also in individual beds of the upper member indicate that the brines travelled laterally as well as vertically, and dolomitization may have been limited as much by prior diagenetic alteration and cementation as by the volume, concentration, and proximity of the brine itself.
The cosmological consequence of an obscured AGN population on the radiation efficiency
Creators: name: Martinez-Sansigre, Alejo
name: Taylor, Andrew M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In light of recent indications for a large population of obscured active galactic nuclei (AGNs), we revisit the mean radiation efficiency from accretion onto supermassive black holes (SMBHs), epsilon, applying a bayesian approach. We use the integrated comoving energy density emitted by AGNs and compare it to the mass density of local SMBHs. When considering only optically-selected unobscured AGNs, we derive log_10[epsilon]=-1.77+0.16-0.11 or epsilon=1.7+0.8-0.4%. Using the AGNs selected using hard X-rays, which include unabsorbed and Compton-thin absorbed AGNs, we find log_10[epsilon]=-1.20+0.15-0.10 or epsilon=6.4+2.6-1.3%. Using optically-selected AGNs, and correcting for the obscured population, we inferr log_10[epsilon]=-1.17+0.11-0.08 or epsilon=6.7+1.9-1.1%, which we consider our best estimate. We also repeat this calculation for intrinsically luminous AGNs (M_B=0.998 Gm_bh/c^2) at the >=98% confidence level, as well as high rotation values ( >=0.9 Gm_bh/c^2) with >=92% confidence. Our preferred values of are ~0.25-0.60 Gm_bh/c^2, although even these might be overestimated. Hence, we find that on average, SMBHs are not rapidly spinning during accretion. Finally, using an independent measurement of Eddington ratios, we estimate the SMBH e-folding time for the brightest AGNs (quasars) to be =100+151-60 Myr.
description: ApJ, accepted. 11 pages, 3 figures
title: Geology of the West-Central Part of the Malad Range, Idaho
Creators: name: Wach, Phillip H.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1967

description: The west central part of the Malad Range is located in south-eastern Idaho. This area was the site of thick marine deposition in the early Paleozoic period. In the Tertiary and Quaternary periods continental deposition occurred, covering the Paleozoic rocks. Quartzite and shale units of the Brigham Quartzite are found near the base of the Cambrian section. Carbonate with shale interbeds is found in the middle and late Cambrian units. Limestone and silty limestone are found in the early and middle Ordovician time overlain by the middle Ordovician Swan Peak Quartzite. The Laketown Dolomite includes units of late Ordovician and Silurian age. Paleozoic units younger than Silurian and and Mesozoic units are not found in the mapped area. Red conglomerates mark early Tertiary deposition, and water-lain tuff, fresh-water limestone, conglomerate and sandstone are of middle and late Tertiary age. Tertiary-Quaternary rocks, found in the mapped area, are composed of deposits of boulders resting on older Tertiary and Paleozoic rocks. These deposits show rough polygonal structures and stone stripes. Quaternary deposits are composed of sediment from the Late Pleistocene Lake Bonneville and Quaternary alluvium.
Northwest-trending faults, northeast-trending faults, and north-trending faults are found in the mapped area, with northwest-trending faults predominating. The northwest-trending faults are high-angle faults and have resulted in Tertiary rocks being faulted against lower Paleozoic rocks. Northeast-trending faults are roughly parallel and predate the middle and late Tertiary rocks. North-trending faults are high-angle faults involving both Paleozoic and Tertiary rocks. One northwest-trending fault has evidence of horizontal movement. The structures are assigned to three periods of movement: 1. early Cretaceous to early Tertiary, 2. late Tertiary to middle Tertiary, 3. middle Tertiary to Recent.
title: Geology of the Summer Ranch and North Promontory Mountains, Utah
Creators: name: Adams, O. Clair
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1962

description: General Statement
The Summer Ranch and North Promontory Mountains have not been studied in detail geologically, although the surrounding mountains have been extensively investigated. Within the limits of this area, sedimentary rocks of Mississippian through Permian crop out. Sedimentary and volcanic rocks of Tertiary age are also exposed. Extensive Lake Bonneville deposits underlie the valleys and overlap the foothills.
The purposes of this study are: (1) to describe the structure, stratigraphy, and geologic history of the area, (2) to prepare a geologic map of the area, and (3) to relate the stratigraphic features of this area to those of the surrounding region.
Location of Area
The area studied is bordered on the north by the Utah-Idaho state line and on the east by Blue Creek Valley. Utah State Highway 83 and Great Salt Lake form the southern boundary and Curlew Valley, south-southwest from Snowville, Utah, defines the western limit (Figure 1).
The mapped area lies completely .within Box Elder County and covers a total of about 529 square miles. The Utah division of the Thiokol Chemical Corporation is located near the southeast corner of the mapped area.
Field Work
Initial field work was begun in August of 1960. Investigation of the 3 mapped area plus near-by areas was carried on continuously through September of that year and intermittently until June, 1961.
Access roads are mainly unimproved but are passable by passenger car. Water is available at most of the ranches in the adjoining valleys and at several springs in the North Promontory and Summer Ranch Mountains.
Structural and stratigraphic details were plotted on vertical aerial photographs in the field. Information was subsequently transferred to a topographic map at a scale of 1:62, 500, which was enlarged from a U. S. Geological Survey map, then traced on a transparent overlay. Stratigraphic sections were measured with a Brunton compass or with a steel tape.
Previous Investigations
No previous complete geologic investigation has been made of the area covered by this report. Various local features within the mapped area have been studied.
Walter (1934, p. 178-195) describes the structural relations of the Hansel Valley earthquake of 1934. Additional investigation concerning the structure of Hansel Valley was conducted by Adams (1938). Tertiary stratigraphy of Cache Valley was studied by Adamson (1955). Adamson reported the occurrence of tuffaceous rocks, similar to those in Cache Valley, in association with basalt flows near Snowville, Utah. Smith (1953, p. 74) diagrams the southern limit of the Snake River basalt flows and showed that they covered the northern part of the area concerned in the present investigation.
title: Petrology and Mineralogy of Quaternary Basalts, Gem Valley and Adjacent Bear River Range, Southeastern Idaho
Creators: name: Perkins, William D
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1979

description: Quaternary basalts of Gem Valley, Idaho, are present as valley fill (Group 1) and as well defined flows in the Bear River Range (Group 2) east of Gem Valley. Minerals present in both groups of basalts include olivine (Fo73 -Fo39), augite (Wo41 En39 Fs20), plagioclase (An75 -An40), and Fe-Ti oxides. Coexisting pairs of magnetite and ilmenite, and olivine and clinopyroxene in several samples indicate temperatures of crystallization from 958°c to 1167°c. The Group 2 basalts exhibit a cumulate texture with abundant large (2 cm) phenocrysts of plagioclase.
Chemically, the Gem Valley basalts are similar to the basalts of the Snake River Plain with respect to SiO2, total Fe, P2O5 and Na2O but differ in the amounts of Al2O3 and MgO present. The Al2O3 is generally higher and the MgO is generally lower in the Gem Valley basalts. Comparing Group 1 with Group 2 basalts, the Group 2 basalts generally have more alumina and alkalis than the Group 1 basalts. Chemically both groups of basalt exhibit characteristics of the tholeiitic basalt suite, because they are hypersthene normative. Mineralogically, both groups of basalt contain but one pyroxene, augite, which is characteristic of the alkali-olivine basalt suite. This apparent contrast in classifications may be resolved by referring to these basalts as transitional between the alkali-olivine and tholeiitic basalt .suites, with the restriction that no genetic relationship to either suite is implied.
Within the limits of this study, it is proposed that the Group 1 basalts may have formed by the partial melting of mantle material with a pyrolite composition. Furthermore, the Group 2 basalts appear to have originated as a result of the accumulation of plagioclase in a fractionating magma of Group 1 composition.
Measurement of charm and beauty production in deep inelastic ep scattering from decays into muons at HERA
Creators: name: The ZEUS Collaboration
name: Chekanov, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The production of charm and beauty quarks in ep interactions has been measured with the ZEUS detector at HERA for squared four-momentum exchange Q^2>20 GeV^2, using an integrated luminosity of 126 pb^{-1}. Charm and beauty quarks were identified through their decays into muons. Differential cross sections were measured for muon transverse momenta p_T^μ>1.5 GeV and pseudorapidities -1.6
description: 14 pages, 6 tables, 7 figures, accepted by EPJC
The effects of perceived intent and affective anger on moral judgements : a CNI model analysis
Creators: name: Halliwell, E
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: Existing moral judgement studies suggest that perceiving a moral agent as having bad intentions is associated with negative moral judgement of that agent. However, the extent to which intent-related negative moral judgement is associated with moral sensitivities has seen comparatively little research. The current study measured participant sensitivity to consequences (C), sensitivity to norms (N), and general preference for agent-inaction (I) in response to a series of moral dilemmas. Participants (N = 130, mean age = 29.9) were assigned to 2 conditions: depicting moral agent's as having good vs bad intentions. Dilemma manipulations (2x2) consisted of: costs of action being greater-than vs lesser-than benefits of action, and normative prescription vs prohibition of taking action. Contrary to the second and third hypotheses, perceived-intent was found to have no significant effect on C or N parameters. As hypothesised, perceived-intent did effect preference for agent-inaction, such that a greater preference was associated with the bad-intent condition. Participant's responses to a short anger scale were used to compare intent-effects between high and low anger-sensitivity groups. Variation of intent-effects was observed between anger-sensitivity groups, such that, contrary to the hypothesis, no significant differences remained between intent conditions at higher anger levels.
The Epidemiologic Transition for three decades in the Butajira community, South-Central Ethiopia: using Butajira HDSS database
Creators: name: Hailelule Aleme Yizengaw
name: Wubegzier Mekonnen Ayele
name: Alemayehu Worku
Publisher: name: The Ethiopian Journal of Health Development
Year: 2023

description: Abstract
Background: Health and Demographic Surveillance System sites are the primary source of community-based death and cause of death data, providing essential policy inputs. Currently, many African countries, including Ethiopia, have undergone different stages of epidemiological transition.
Objective: To assess the epidemiologic transition in the Butajira community in south-central Ethiopia.
Methods: All deaths registered in the Butajira Health and Demographic Surveillance System databases were included. The trend in the overall mortality rate and the change in the proportion of major causes of death were evaluated, and significant trends were checked using the Mann-Kendall statistical test with significance set at P< 0.05.
Results: The overall mortality rate per 1000 population declined from 9.8 in 1987 to 2.8 in 2016. The decline was significant (tau, the measure of the strength and direction of association,= -0.76, p-value <0.05). During this study period, 2610 deaths were registered in the Health and Demographic Surveillance System database, of which 1,625 were adults. The proportion of yearly deaths attributed to communicable diseases, maternal and perinatal conditions, and nutritional deficiencies showed a significant decline (tau = -0.727, p < 0.05), while there was a significant increase in non-communicable diseases (tau = 0.469, p < 0.05), and a rise in external causes (tau = 0.0953, p > 0.05). Furthermore, there were notable changes in the death proportion in the top five leading causes of death, showing a transition in the epidemiology of major causes of death, especially in the age group 15+.
Conclusion: The decline in mortality and burden shift implies the existence of an epidemiological transition. This transition necessitates policymakers to design a responsive health system that cater to the population undergoing this epidemiological transition. [Ethiop. J. Health Dev. 2023; 37(3) 000-000] Keywords: Cause of death; Epidemiological transition; Mortality, Trend
description: The Ethiopian Journal of Health Development , Vol. 37 No. 3 (2023)
Inference of electric currents in the solar photosphere
Creators: name: Yabar, A. Pastor
name: Borrero, J. M.
name: Noda, C. Quintero
name: Cobo, B. Ruiz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We aim at demonstrating the capabilities of a newly developed method for determining electric currents in the solar photosphere. We employ three-dimensional radiative magneto-hydrodynamic (MHD) simulations to produce synthetic Stokes profiles in several spectral lines with a spatial resolution similar to what the newly operational 4-meter Daniel K. Inouye Solar Telescope (DKIST) solar telescope should achieve. We apply a newly developed inversion method of the polarized radiative transfer equation with magneto-hydrostatic (MHS) constraints to infer the magnetic field vector in the three-dimensional Cartesian domain, $\mathbf{B}(x,y,z),$ from the synthetic Stokes profiles. We then apply Ampere's law to determine the electric currents, ${\bf j}$, from the inferred magnetic field, $\mathbf{B}(x,y,z),$ and compare the results with the electric currents present in the original MHD simulation. We show that the method employed here is able to attain reasonable reliability (close to 50 % of the cases are within a factor of two, and this increases to 60 %-70 % for pixels with $B\ge300$ G) in the inference of electric currents for low atmospheric heights (optical depths at 500 nm $τ_{5}\in$[1,0.1]) regardless of whether a small or large number of spectral lines are inverted. Above these photospheric layers, the method's accuracy strongly deteriorates as magnetic fields become weaker and as the MHS approximation becomes less accurate. We also find that the inferred electric currents have a floor value that is related to low-magnetized plasma, where the uncertainty in the magnetic field inference prevents a sufficiently accurate determination of the spatial derivatives. We present a method that allows the inference of the three components of the electric current vector at deep atmospheric layers (photospheric layers) from spectropolarimetric observations.
The Magnitude of Non-Communicable Diseases Risk Factors among People Living with HIV (PLHIV) in Ethiopia: WHO-STEP wise approach
Creators: name: Kidist Lemma
name: Adamu Addissie
name: Aragaw Tesfaw
name: Naod Firdu
name: Kantelhardt, Eva
name: Ahmedin Jemal
name: Sefonias Getachew
Publisher: name: The Ethiopian Journal of Health Development
Year: 2023

description: Abstract
Background: Anti-retroviral therapy in most parts of the world, including Ethiopia, has allowed HIV patients to live longer but with a corresponding rise in risk of developing non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Hence, this study aimed to describe the magnitude of behavioural, physical, and biochemical risk factors for NCDs among people living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLHIV) in Ethiopia.
Methods: A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted in chronic HIV care clinics at five health facilities in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. A total of 413 HIV patients were included in the study. A World Health Organization STEP survey tool was used to assess common risk factors for NCDs. Biochemical risk factors were assessed on half (207) of the study participants. Descriptive statistics was used to determine the magnitude of the behavioral, physical, and biochemical risk factors for NCDs.
Results: About 10.2% (42) of the PLHIV had a history of ever smoking tobacco, and 52.8% (218) of participants were lifetime alcohol consumers. About 86.4% (357) did not consume vegetables on a regular basis. Overall, 13.1 % (54) had elevated total systolic blood pressure, 23.7% (98) had elevated diastolic blood pressure, and 11.8% of females and 3.8% of males had increased waist circumference. Of the total participants, 13.1% (53) were underweight, and 2.5% (10) were in the obese category. Among the samples collected, 34.7% (72) had elevated fasting blood sugar, and 21.3% (44) had elevated cholesterol levels.
Conclusions: The behavioral, physical, and biochemical risk factors of NCDs are common among PLWHIV. Incorporation of risk factors assessment to NCDs and timely advice by professionals will have far-reaching positive benefits on the well-being of PLWHIV. [Ethiop. J. Health Dev. 2023; 37(3) 000-000]
Keywords: Risk factors, Non-communicable diseases, People living with HIV, Ethiopia
description: The Ethiopian Journal of Health Development , Vol. 37 No. 3 (2023)
Inhibition of Current-spike Formation Based on Longitudinal Phase Space Manipulation for High-Repetition-Rate X-ray FEL
Creators: name: Zhu, Zihan
name: Gu, Duan
name: Yan, Jiawei
name: Wang, Zhen
name: Yang, Hanxiang
name: Zhang, Meng
name: Deng, Haixiao
name: Gu, Qiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The formation of a double-horn current profile is a challenging issue in the achievement of electron bunch with high peak current, especially for high-repetition-rate X-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs) where more nonlinear and intricate beam dynamics propagation is involved. Here, we propose to correct the nonlinear beam longitudinal phase space distortion in the photoinjector section with a dual-mode buncher. In combination with the evolutionary many-objective beam dynamics optimization, this method is shown to be effective in manipulating the longitudinal phase space at the injector exit. Furthermore, the formation of the current spike is avoided after the multi-stage charge density modulation and electron bunch with a peak current of 1.6 kA is achieved for 100-pC bunch charge.Start-to-end simulations based on the Shanghai high-repetition-rate XFEL and extreme light facility demonstrate that the proposed scheme can increase the FEL pulse energy by more than 3 times in a cascading operation of echo-enabled harmonic generation and high-gain harmonic generation. Moreover, this method can also be used for longitudinal phase space shaping of electron beams operating at a high repetition rate to meet the specific demands of different researches.
Additional file 2 of The cadDX operon contributes to cadmium resistance, oxidative stress resistance, and virulence in zoonotic streptococci
Creators: name: Zhu, Xinchi
name: Liang, Zijing
name: Ma, Jiale
name: Huang, Jinhu
name: Wang, Liping
name: Yao, Huochun
name: Wu, Zongfu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics

description: Additional file 2. Primers used in this study.
title: Geology of the Northern Part of the Malad Range, Idaho
Creators: name: Axtell, Drew C.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1967

description: Rocks of Paleozoic, Tertiary, and Quaternary age are represented in the northern part of the Malad Range. The Paleozoic rocks are represented by thirteen formations that are characterized lithologically by quartzites, shales, and carbonates. The oldest formation in the mapped area of Paleozoic age is the Brigham Formation, and the youngest formation is the Jefferson Formation of late Devonian age.
The rocks of Tertiary age are conglomerates, shales, and limestones and are represented by the Wasatch Formation, the Salt Lake Formation, and boulders. Quaternary rocks include sediments of the Lake Bonneville Group and alluvium.
The faults in the mapped area were formed during two periods of movement. The east-west-trending faults, northeast-trending faults, and northwest-trending faults are a consequence of compressional forces during Laramide orogenic activity. The north-south-trending faults were the result of Basin and Range block faulting during middle and late Tertiary times.