cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Supersolidity and superfluidity in two dimensions
Creators: name: Varley, James Richard
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2014

description: This thesis attempts to investigate the phenomenon of supersolidity, where a system exhibits both spontaneously broken translational and U(1) symmetries, in two different two dimensional systems, one fermionic and one bosonic. The fermionic system consists of two parallel GaAs quantum wells that are independently gated. This allows the electron and hole populations of the two layers to be independently varied. Using mean field theory, it will be shown that the zero temperature phase diagram of this system contains a Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov (FFLO) phase, analogous to that predicted to occur in superconductors. This phase has spontaneously broken U(1) and translational symmetries, and can therefore be thought of as a supersolid. This mean field analysis will be complemented by a Ginzburg-Landau approach, which will be used to confirm the results and to calculate the lattice structure of the FFLO order parameter. The bosonic system consists of a thin helium-4 film deposited on graphite. Recent experiments on this system have produced results that suggest the presence of a supersolid phase over a range of helium filling fractions, as well as the lack of a Kosterlitz-Thouless phase transition at finite temperature. An attempt to explain these results is made by applying mean field and Bogoliubov theories to a toy model at zero temperature.
A One-Dimensional Tearing Mode Equation for Pedestal Stability Studies in Tokamaks
Creators: name: Connor, J. W.
name: Hastie, R. J.
name: Marchetto, C.
name: Roach, C. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Starting from expressions in Connor et al. (1988) [1], we derive a one-dimensional tearing equation similar to the approximate equation obtained by Hegna and Callen (1984) [2] and by Nishimura et al (1998) [3], but for more realistic toroidal equilibria. The intention is to use this approximation to explore the role of steep profiles, bootstrap currents and strong shaping in the vicinity of a separatrix, on the stability of tearing modes which are resonant in the H-mode pedestal region of finite aspect ratio, shaped cross-section tokamaks, e.g. JET. We discuss how this one-dimensional model for tearing modes, which assumes a single poloidal harmonic for the perturbed poloidal flux, compares with a model that includes poloidal coupling by Fitzpatrick et al (1993) [4].
description: 10 pages
The central tendon of the Supraspinatus: Structure and biomechanics
Creators: name: Thompson, Simon Michael
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2013

description: This thesis addresses changes in the supraspinatus muscle and tendon architecture, the relationship to fat infiltration and the effect of tear propagation using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and functional biomechanics testing using human tissues. The first hypothesis tests the relationship between the anterior and posterior portions of the supraspinatus and the central tendon when normal with no tear (NT), and pathological full thickness tears (FTT) groups. The changes in the pennation angles and central tendon associated with a FTT and the magnitude of the tear size were all statistically significant. The central tendon was found to lie anterior to the long axis of the supraspinous fossa as it passed laterally towards its insertion in the NT group. This relationship was reversed in the FTT group with the tendon lying more posteriorly or in the long axis. The second study hypothesis was that the degree of fatty infiltration of the supraspinatus is positively correlated to the maximal degree of central tendon retraction (CTR) from its insertion seen on the same MRI. The results found this relationship to be statistically significant. The aims of the cadaveric study were to establish the influence on abduction moments of full thickness tears with specific reference to tears to the central tendon. A new method of testing the biomechanics of in-vitro rotator cuff tears was developed through specimen-specific loading protocols through the use of a musculoskeletal dynamics model. A pair-wise comparison of the sections then revealed that the sectioning of the central tendon, regardless of whether the tear starts anteriorly or posteriorly, does the most significant damage to the moment producing capacity of supraspinatus. The overall contribution of this thesis is a clear understanding of the functional biomechanics of the central tendon of the supraspinatus in rotator cuff tears.
The development of pictorial tools for obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome
Creators: name: Ghiassi, Ramesh
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2014

description: Introduction: Obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS) is common but remains underdiagnosed and is linked with several disease states and increased risk of mortality. The key symptom, excessive daytime sleepiness, is commonly measured with the Epworth Sleepiness Scale which is not always easily completed by patients. The aim of this thesis is to develop pictorial material for assessing sleepiness and risk of OSAS. Methods: Health literacy was measured in a sample sleep population and the Epworth Sleepiness Scale was investigated for ease of use. Images were developed to translate the Epworth into pictures and the response to pictures of ‘driving while sleepy’ was investigated in detail. A new tool, the pictorial Sleepiness and Sleep Apnoea Scale, was devised by adding four sleepiness images from the pictorial Epworth to four new images representing ‘risk of OSAS’. Evaluations were made in two populations of the tool’s potential in predicting those at risk of OSAS. Results: Poor or impaired health literacy was found in 16% of patients attending the sleep clinic. Evaluation of the Epworth Sleepiness Scale found that a third of new patients made quantifiable errors. A preference for the pictorial Epworth Sleepiness Scale was reported by 55% of users and a kappa statistic indicated good agreement between the pictorial and traditional Epworth Sleepiness Scale. Drivers were more inclined to record feeling sleepy if the image in Q8 depicted the sleepy person in the car as a passenger. In a sleep clinic population the pictorial Sleepiness and Sleep Apnoea Scale was slightly better at predicting disease than the Epworth. In a cardiac rehabilitation clinic use of the witnessed apnoea image from the pictorial Sleepiness and Sleep Apnoea Scale, along with the Epworth Sleepiness Scale, helped to identify symptoms suggestive of sleep apnoea in a third of those screened. When investigated with a sleep study, the prevalence of sleep–disordered breathing in this patient group was 14.8%. Conclusion: Pictorial tools for patients with potential obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome have clinical value and can help bridge the gap between poor or impaired health literacy and the material we use to assess sleepiness and likelihood of obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome.
Additional file 1 of Chitosan-miRNA functionalized microporous titanium oxide surfaces via a layer-by-layer approach with a sustained release profile for enhanced osteogenic activity
Creators: name: Wu, Kaimin
name: Liu, Mengyuan
name: Li, Nan
name: Zhang, Li
name: Meng, Fanhui
name: Zhao, Lingzhou
name: Liu, Min
name: Zhang, Yumei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: Space Science
Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Medicine
Neuroscience
Biotechnology
Developmental Biology
Cancer

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Storable stability of CS-antimiR-138/HA PEM-functionalized microporous Ti samples. After storage for different durations (7 and 14 days), the transfection efficiency was measured to assess the stability during storage. Figure S2. (a) Cell viability measured by CCK-8 at 24 h after transfection and (b) LDH amount released by cells during the first 24 h after transfection.
MOESM12 of Candidate genes for grape white rot resistance based on SMRT and Illumina sequencing
Creators: name: Su, Kai
name: Guo, Yinshan
name: Zhao, Yuhui
name: Gao, Hongyan
name: Liu, Zhendong
name: Li, Kun
name: Ma, Li
name: Guo, Xiuwu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 12: Table S3. Reads from Illumina sequencing alignment to the new constructed library
Additional file 7: of Carriage of antibiotic-resistant Gram-negative bacteria after discontinuation of selective decontamination of the digestive tract (SDD) or selective oropharyngeal decontamination (SOD)
Creators: name: E. De Jonge
name: R. De Wilde
name: N. Juffermans
name: E. Oostdijk
name: A. Bernards
name: E. Van Essen
name: E. Kuijper
name: C. Visser
name: J. Kesecioglu
name: M. Bonten
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Table S5. Rectal colonization, acquisition and persistence of resistant Gram-negative bacteria (ARGNB) at ICU discharge and at Tâ =â 3, 6 and 10Â days. (DOCX 15 kb)
Light (and darkness) from a light hidden Higgs
Creators: name: Vega, Roberto
name: Vega-Morales, Roberto
name: Xie, Keping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine light diphoton signals from extended Higgs sectors possessing (approximate) fermiophobia with Standard Model (SM) fermions as well as custodial symmetry. This class of Higgs sectors can be realized in various beyond the SM scenarios and is able to evade many experimental limits, even at light masses, which are otherwise strongly constraining. Below the $WW$ threshold, the most robust probes of the neutral component are di and multi-photon searches. Utilizing the dominant Drell-Yan Higgs pair production mechanism and combining it with updated LHC diphoton data, we derive robust upper bounds on the allowed branching ratio for masses between $45 - 160$ GeV. Furthermore, masses $\lesssim 110$ GeV are ruled out if the coupling to photons is dominated by $W$ boson loops. We then examine two simple ways to evade these bounds via cancellations between different loop contributions or by introducing decays into an invisible sector. This also opens up the possibility of future LHC diphoton signals from a light hidden Higgs sector. As explicit realizations, we consider the Georgi-Machacek (GM) and Supersymmetric GM (SGM) models which contain custodial (degenerate) Higgs bosons with suppressed couplings to SM fermions and, in the SGM model, a (neutralino) LSP. We also breifly examine the recent $\sim 3σ$ CMS diphoton excess at $\sim 95$ GeV.
description: references added, typos corrected, version to be published
Study of gauge (in)dependence of monopole dynamics
Creators: name: Ejiri, Shinji
name: Kitahara, Shun-ichi
name: Matsubara, Yoshimi
name: Okude, Tsuyoshi
name: Suzuki, Tsuneo
name: Yasuta, Koji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigated the gauge (in)dependence of the confinement mechanism due to monopole condensation in SU(2) lattice QCD by various abelian projections. We found (1) the string tension can be reproduced by monopoles alone also in Polyakov gauge and (2) the behaviors of the Polyakov loop at the critical temperature seem to be explained by the uniformity breaking of the monopole currents in every gauge.
description: 4pages (7 figures), Latex, Contribution to Lattice 95
Additional file 1: of Self-management of diabetes in Sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review
Creators: name: Stephani, Victor
name: Opoku, Daniel
name: Beran, David
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Search strategy used. (DOCX 12Â kb)
Blooming Trees: Substructures and Surrounding Groups of Galaxy Clusters
Creators: name: Yu, Heng
name: Diaferio, Antonaldo
name: Serra, Ana Laura
name: Baldi, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop the Blooming Tree Algorithm, a new technique that uses spectroscopic redshift data alone to identify the substructures and the surrounding groups of galaxy clusters, along with their member galaxies. Based on the estimated binding energy of galaxy pairs, the algorithm builds a binary tree that hierarchically arranges all the galaxies in the field of view. The algorithm searches for buds, corresponding to gravitational potential minima on the binary tree branches; for each bud, the algorithm combines the number of galaxies, their velocity dispersion and their average pairwise distance into a parameter that discriminates between the buds that do not correspond to any substructure or group, and thus eventually die, and the buds that correspond to substructures and groups, and thus bloom into the identified structures. We test our new algorithm with a sample of 300 mock redshift surveys of clusters in different dynamical states; the clusters are extracted from a large cosmological $N$-body simulation of a $Λ$CDM model. We limit our analysis to substructures and surrounding groups identified in the simulation with mass larger than $10^{13} h^{-1} M_{\odot}$. With mock redshift surveys with 200 galaxies within 6 $h^{-1}$~Mpc from the cluster center, the technique recovers $ 80$\% of the real substructures and $ 60$\% of the surrounding groups; in $57$\% of the identified structures, at least 60\% of the member galaxies of the substructures and groups belong to the same real structure. These results improve by roughly a factor of two the performance of the best substructure identification algorithm currently available, the $σ$ plateau algorithm, and suggest that our Blooming Tree Algorithm can be an invaluable tool for detecting substructures of galaxy clusters and investigating their complex dynamics.
description: 17 pages, 20 figures, accepted by ApJ
Additional file 5: of Acetylation of C-terminal lysines modulates protein turnover and stability of Connexin-32
Creators: name: Alaei, Sarah
name: Abrams, Charles
name: J. Bulinski
name: Hertzberg, Elliot
name: Freidin, Mona
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Figure S1. Mutation of K231 and K260 does not eliminate acetylation. N2a cells were transfected with pIRESeGFP-Cx32 WT or K231+260R for 48 hours as described in methods section, then treated overnight with 20 ÎźM Tubastatin. Cx32 was immunoprecipitated and blotted with indicated antibodies. (PDF 9 kb)
Additional file 2: of Intestinal parasite infections and associated risk factors among schoolchildren in Dolakha and Ramechhap districts, Nepal: a cross-sectional study
Creators: name: Shrestha, Akina
name: Schindler, Christian
name: Odermatt, Peter
name: Gerold, Jana
name: Erismann, Séverine
name: Subodh Sharma
name: Koju, Rajendra
name: Utzinger, Jürg
name: Guéladio Cissé
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Table S2. Results from univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses for Giardia intestinalis. The multivariate global model includes a random intercept at the level of school adjusting sex, age, district where all the variables were assessed one by one and retained for the global model if their P-value is < 0.2. The final model was obtained by using backward selection with the same level of 0.2. (DOCX 36 kb)
Monopoles in High Temperature Phase of SU(2) QCD
Creators: name: Ejiri, Shinji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigated a behavior of monopole currents in the high temperature phase of abelian projected finite temperature SU(2) QCD in maximally abelian gauge. Wrapped monopole currents which are closed by periodic boundary play an important role for the spatial string tension. And the wrapped monopole current density seems to be non-vanishing in the continuum limit. These results may be related to Polyakov's analysis of the confinement mechanism using monopole gas in 3-dimensional SU(2) gauge theory with Higgs fields.
description: 4pages (3 figures), Latex, Contribution to Lattice 95
Magnetotransport experiments in the ferropnictides
Creators: name: Moseley, Dominic
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2014

description: This thesis concerns the magnetotransport properties of the iron-based superconductors, and in particular, the ferropnictides. In the low doped ferropnictides, linked structural and magnetic transitions occur which significantly alter the electronic behaviour. Simultaneous to the establishment of the magnetic ordering is the creation of small Fermi surface pockets. It has been shown that some of these Fermi surface pockets have Dirac Cone characteristics. The primary work in this thesis focuses on the existence of non-saturating quasi-linear magnetoresistance in the underdoped ferropnictides. This feature has been seen as the hallmark of Dirac cone physics due to the commonly applied quantum linear magnetoresistance model. We have explored this hypothesis by performing a series of magnetotransport experiments using the van der Pauw method on undoped BaFe$_{2}$As$_{2}$, low cobalt doped BaFe$_{1.985}$Co$_{0.015}$As$_{2}$ and superconducting BaFe$_{1.96}$Co$_{0.04}$As$_{2}$. Scattering centres have been systematically introduced using 3-MeV proton irradiation. The quantum linear magnetoresistance model predicts the quasi-linear magnetoresistance should vary with carrier scattering. We describe these experiments, and draw the conclusion that the quantum linear magnetoresistance model is incorrectly applied. Other models to explain the quasi-linear magnetoresistance are reviewed. Speculation as to the cause of magnetic hysteresis in the magnetoresistance found in some of the parent crystals studied is presented. The Hall resistivity in the parent and underdoped ferropnictides shows a clear non-linear response suggesting that the single carrier model is invalid. We find that the Hall resistivity is insensitive to the introduction of disorder. Various models are reviewed including the anomalous Hall Effect and the antiferromagnetism related anisotropic quasiparticle lifetime model. Furthermore, magnetotransport scaling techniques are considered. Only the modified Kohler’s rule is satisfied and this is shown to have an intriguing Co doping dependence.
A new look at the isotropy of narrow line emission in extragalactic radio sources
Creators: name: Simpson, Chris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We undertake a quantitative investigation, using Monte Carlo simulations, of the amount by which quasars are expected to exceed radio galaxies in optical luminosity in the context of the `receding torus' model. We compare these simulations with the known behaviour of the [O III] 5007 and [O II] 3727 emission lines and conclude that [O III] is the better indicator of the strength of the underlying non-stellar continuum.
description: 4 pages, accepted by MNRAS
Molecular dynamics modelling of skin and hair proteins
Creators: name: Marzinek, Jan Kazimierz
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2014

description: The binding free energy is one of the most important and desired thermodynamic properties in simulations of biological systems. The propensity of small molecules binding to macromolecules of human bio-substrates regulates their sub-cellular disposition. This subject is fundamental in transdermal permeation and hair absorption of cosmetic actives. Biomechanical and biophysical properties of hair and skin are related to keratin as their major constituent. A key challenge lies in predicting molecular and thermodynamic basis as the result of small molecules interacting with alpha helical keratin at the molecular level. In addition, elastic properties of human skin which are directly related to the interactions of keratin intermediate filaments remain a challenging subject. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations provide a possibility of observing biological processes within atomistic resolution providing more detailed insight into experimental results. However, MD simulations are limited in terms of the achievable time scales. Hence, in this thesis MD simulations were employed in order to provide better understanding of the experimental results conducted in parallel and to overcome the main limiting factor of MD – the simulation time. For this purpose, thermodynamic and detailed structural basis have been delivered for small molecules interacting with keratin explaining and validating experimental data. On the top of this the fast free energy prediction tool has been built within all-atom force field by a use of steered molecular dynamics alone. Within the coarse grain approach, the force field was developed for the application of elastic properties of human skin enabling orders of magnitude faster than all-atom force fields simulations. The application of the coarser representation enabled assessing the influence of the natural moisturizing factor composed of small molecules on the elastic properties of the outermost human skin layer. In this work, MD results reached excellent agreement with the experimental data.
Introduction to neutrino astronomy
Creators: name: Rosso, Andrea Gallo
name: Mascaretti, Carlo
name: Palladino, Andrea
name: Vissani, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This writeup is an introduction to neutrino astronomy, addressed to astronomers and written by astroparticle physicists. While the focus is on achievements and goals in neutrino astronomy, rather than on the aspects connected to particle physics, we will introduce the particle physics concepts needed to appreciate those aspects that depend on the peculiarity of the neutrinos. The detailed layout is as follows: In Sect.~1, we introduce the neutrinos, examine their interactions, and present neutrino detectors and telescopes. In Sect.~2, we discuss solar neutrinos, that have been detected and are matter of intense (theoretical and experimental) studies. In Sect.~3, we focus on supernova neutrinos, that inform us on a very dramatic astrophysical event and can tell us a lot on the phenomenon of gravitational collapse. In Sect.~4, we discuss the highest energy neutrinos, a very recent and lively research field. In Sect.~5, we review the phenomenon of neutrino oscillations and assess its relevance for neutrino astronomy. Finally, we offer a brief overall assessment and a summary in Sect.~6. The material is selected - i.e., not all achievements are reviewed - and furthermore it is kept to an introductory level, but efforts are made to highlight current research issues. In order to help the beginner, we prefer to limit the list of references, opting whenever possible for review works and books.
description: 15 pages, 5 figures. Accepted for publication The European Physical Journal Plus. Based on the lecture given at the "4th Azarquiel School of Astronomy", June 2017, Porto Paolo di Capo Passero, Syracuse (Italy) https://agenda.infn.it/conferenceDisplay.py?confId=12080
Moment redistribution in cold-formed steel purlin systems
Creators: name: Hui, Chi
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2014

description: The external envelope of steel framed industrial buildings normally involves the use of purlins and rails spanning between the main hot-rolled frames to support the roofing/cladding. These purlins are typically light-gauge cold-formed steel members of complex shape for which the thinness of the material means that local instabilities will significantly influence their structural behaviour. In this thesis, the finite element (FE) method (ABAQUS) has been used to develop numerical analyses to study the buckling behaviour and degree of moment redistribution in continuous and sleeved cold-formed steel 2-span purlin systems. Five types of nonlinear FE analyses have been validated against reported physical tests: (i) continuous 2-span beams subjected to uniformly distributed load (UDL), (ii) single span beams subjected to a moment gradient, (iii) single span beams subjected to pure bending (iv) sleeved 2-span beams subjected to a UDL and (v) single span sleeved sections subjected to a moment gradient. The FE analyses were used to generate a large portfolio of new results for gravity and uplift loading for continuous and sleeved 2-span arrangements covering a wide range of cross-sections by varying the flange and web dimensions and material thickness. The effects of local and distortional buckling and limited rotational capacities for single span FE models were investigated. The 2-span FE results formed the basis for a simple modification to conventional plastic design that recognises the possibility of a reduction in moment with increasing rotation in the interior support region. The assumption of full moment redistribution for gravity loading was found to be only valid for stocky sections but not for slender sections. For uplift loading in addition to the potential reductions in moment at the interior support, limitations in the span moment due to lateral torsional buckling (LTB) for slender members were also accounted for. Based on the FE results, an α- reduction framework was established to predict the collapse load for continuous and sleeved 2-span systems. It was assumed that the cross-section or LTB resistance was achieved in the span while a reduced cross-section resistance allowing for the post-peak fall in capacity was achieved at the interior support. The accuracy of the proposed design method was compared against elastic and full plastic design cases by considering their ultimate load carrying capacities. Whereas the elastic design method provides overly-conservative results and plastic design overestimates the capacity of slender sections, the proposed design method gave accurate predictions of the failure load with minimal scatter for all cases. The developed α-reduction framework provides a foundation for allowing the use of other purlin sections and interior support connections by inserting alternative cross-sectional moment capacity inputs obtained from several sources such as physical testing, hand calculations from design codes and FE analyses.
Multiscale modelling of intermolecular charge transfer in dye sensitised solar cells
Creators: name: Vaissier, Valérie
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2014

description: Quantum chemistry based simulations allow us to explore the length and time scales which are experimentally inaccessible. In particular, these simulations bring a unique perspective on processes governed at the nanoscale by electronic interactions such as charge transfer. In this thesis, I present a framework for the multiscale simulation of hole transfer between dye molecules tethered on (101) TiO2 surfaces as in Dye Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSC). At the molecular level, I use methods derived from ground state density functional theory to calculate the reorganization energy (λ_tot) including ionic solvent effects, and electronic coupling (J_ij) distributions representing the conformational disorder of a dye monolayer. At the nanoscale, I use the semi-classical non adiabatic Marcus's equation to calculate the rate of hole transfer in the high temperature limit from λ_tot and J_ij. At the macroscopic scale, I calculate hole diffusion coefficients from kinetic Monte Carlo (KMC) simulations and validate my results by comparing with experimental data, when available. I find that the polar electrolytes used in DSSC contribute to 80% of the total reorganization energy of hole exchange. By including the effect of structural rearrangement of the dyes on various timescales, I show that large amplitude fluctuations of the tethered dyes at the microsecond timescale may enable charges to escape configurational traps. However, the analysis of Quasi Elastic Neutron Scattering (QENS) data on dye sensitised TiO2 nanoparticles suggests that the dyes are immobile between tens of picoseconds and few nanoseconds. This implies that the hypothesised dynamical rearrangement of the dye monolayer at the microsecond timescale originates from the collective motion of the molecule and its neighbours. These findings suggest that charge transport across disordered dye monolayers is enabled by the structural rearrangement of the molecules while the low measured diffusion coefficients (~10^-8 cm^2.s^-1) arise from the high polarity of the medium.
Coutumes du pays et duché de Normandie, anciens ressorts & enclaves d'iceluy. Augmentée de plusieurs édits... arrêts et nouveaux règlemens... jusqu'à présent, Rouen, J. Besongne, 1724
Creators: name: N.R.
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2019

description: Source: https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k9620489z
description: Relation: vignette : https://www.nakala.fr/data/11280/490febe8
MOESM14 of Candidate genes for grape white rot resistance based on SMRT and Illumina sequencing
Creators: name: Su, Kai
name: Guo, Yinshan
name: Zhao, Yuhui
name: Gao, Hongyan
name: Liu, Zhendong
name: Li, Kun
name: Ma, Li
name: Guo, Xiuwu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Virology

description: Additional file 14: Table S4. Primers used for semi-quantitative PCR and qRT-PCR validation
Ambient RF energy harvesting and eﬃcient DC-load inductive power transfer
Creators: name: Pinuela, Manuel
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2013

description: This thesis analyses in detail the technology required for wireless power transfer via radio frequency (RF) ambient energy harvesting and an inductive power transfer system (IPT). Radio frequency harvesting circuits have been demonstrated for more than ﬁfty years, but only a few have been able to harvest energy from freely available ambient (i.e. non-dedicated) RF sources. To explore the potential for ambient RF energy harvesting, a city-wide RF spectral survey was undertaken in London. Using the results from this survey, various harvesters were designed to cover four frequency bands from the largest RF contributors within the ultra-high frequency (0.3 to 3 GHz) part of the frequency spectrum. Prototypes were designed, fabricated and tested for each band and proved that approximately half of the London Underground stations were found to be suitable locations for harvesting ambient RF energy using the prototypes. Inductive Power Transfer systems for transmitting tens to hundreds of watts have been reported for almost a decade. Most of the work has concentrated on the optimization of the link eﬃciency and have not taken into account the eﬃciency of the driver and rectiﬁer. Class-E ampliﬁers and rectiﬁers have been identiﬁed as ideal drivers for IPT applications, but their power handling capability at tens of MHz has been a crucial limiting factor, since the load and inductor characteristics are set by the requirements of the resonant inductive system. The frequency limitation of the driver restricts the unloaded Q-factor of the coils and thus the link eﬃciency. The system presented in this work alleviates the use of heavy and expensive ﬁeld-shaping techniques by presenting an eﬃcient IPT system capable of transmitting energy with high dc-to-load eﬃciencies at 6 MHz across a distance of 30 cm.
Tomato Leaf Disease Detection and Classification using Convolution Neural Network
Creators: name: Abayneh Zenebe
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2021
Subjects: tomato

description: Tomato (S. lycopersicum) is one of the most widely consumed vegetable crops in the world. It is a nutritionally well-balanced food that contains a substantial amount of vitamin A and vitamin
 C, thus it plays an important role towards ensuring food security and nutrition. Globally, among horticultural products tomato ranks third for volumes of production – after potato and sweet potato and fist in terms of processing volumes. By virtue of its high yields per hectare and its processing potential, it is one of the strategic commodities prioritized by the farmer for their consumption and agro-industry. Tomato is a popular and widely grown vegetable crop in Ethiopia, ranking 8th in terms of annual national production. It is consumed in every household in different modes, but in certain areas, such as Walo, Hararge, Shawa, Jimma and Wallaga, it is also an important co-staple food [1]. Tomatoes grows on mostly any well drained soil and Nine out of 10 farmers grow tomatoes in their field. Many gardeners also grow tomatoes in their garden to use fresh grown tomato in their kitchens and get a good taste of food. However, farmers and gardeners are sometimes unable to get proper progress of the plant growth. The tomatoes may not sometime appear on plant or sometimes the tomatoes may get bad looking and disease-full black spots at bottom part. The identification of tomato plant disease may start from, to diagnose the portion of pant leaf having infection then to note the differences such as brown or black patches and holes on the plant and then to look for the insects also. The tomato problems may be divided into two sections: bacteria or fungi or poor cultivation habits causing 16 diseases while insects causing 5 other types of diseases [2]. Plant disease recognition using images from digital and mobile phone camera proves to be a significant challenge. The recent trend in use of various machine learning algorithms for plant disease classification has shown promising results in few selected diseases and crops[3]. Evolution of deep Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) based architectures have further enhanced the accuracy of classification significantly[4].
Oral history interview with Val Coleman, 1999
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Civil rights movements--History--20th century.--United States
Civil rights demonstrations--United States

description: Coleman begins by explaining his sister's involvement with the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE) and the origins of his own involvement. He discusses his membership with the Fellowship of Reconciliation (FOR) and the relationships he formed with Jim (James L.) Farmer and Abraham Johannes (A.J.) Muste. Coleman shares details of Farmer's autobiography, "Lay Bare the Heart," and describes personal interactions with and admiration for Farmer. Coleman discusses his work as a press agent at United Artists, his growing devotion to CORE, and his resignation from United Artists to become Marvin Rich's assistant. He chronicles his professional and activist experiences, including: his promotion to Assistant Community Relations Director of CORE; his participation in organizing the Woolworth boycotts; his negotiations with Warner Bros. Entertainment against segregation; and his collaboration with SEIU 1199. Coleman addresses broader themes and trends within the movement, such as: the influence of Gandhism, the differences in experience between African immigrants and Black Americans, the experiences of women in the movement, the transition from integration to Black Power, and the subsequent exodus of whites from the movement. Coleman describes the FOR's Journey of Reconciliation of 1947 and the Freedom Rides of 1961. He recalls a 1960 meeting with Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. to discuss a possible merger between CORE and the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC). Coleman also discusses: the shift in CORE's leadership, including his impressions of Roy Innis; the movement's end; how the American public reacts to social movements; the limited focus of the civil rights movement; and American racial inequality at the time of the interview
Block spin transformation on the dual lattice and monopole action
Creators: name: Suzuki, Tsuneo
name: Matsubara, Yoshimi
name: Ejiri, Shinji
name: Yamada, Kazuya
name: Arasaki, Natsuko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To find a perfect lattice action in terms of monopole action on the dual lattice, we performed simulations of a monopole effective action obtained numerically from vacuum configurations in SU(2) QCD. Although the Polyakov loop behavior near $T_c$ is well reproduced by the action, a small but repulsive term is needed in addition to get the string tension correctly. It is reported also a monopole effective action in $SU(3)$ QCD which is expressed by one kind of monopole currents.
description: 4pages (4 figures), Latex, Contribution to Lattice 95
Walking with the Vlach: Hikes in the mountains of the Upper Vjosa valley
Creators: name: CERPHAAL. Qendra e Kerkimeve dhe Promovimit te Peisazheve Historiko-Arkeologjike Shqiptare
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: WALKING WITH THE VLACH

Following in these nomads footsteps will lead you along the past into the lovely countryside of the Vjosa valley. These trails are part of longer border itineraries that in Albania start from the Ionian coast around Saranda, across the mountainous regions of Zagori and Përmet ending at Mount Gramoz in Kolonja. In the past, Vlach families would camp here in rich and extensive pasture lands. Originally, the journeys continued beyond the present national borders into the mountainous regions of Greece and Macedonia.
Additional file 1 of Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in immunocompetent patients hospitalised with influenza A-related pneumonia: a multicenter retrospective study
Creators: name: Chen, Liang
name: Han, Xiudi
name: Li, Yanli
name: Zhang, Chunxiao
name: Xing, Xiqian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1 : Appendix 1: Details of Participating centers. Appendix 2 Definition of microbiological criteria of coinfected other pathogens. Appendix 3 Definition of underlying diseases. Appendix 4 Coinfection with other pathogens. Appendix 5 Univariate analysis between the survival group and the deceased group.
ASSESSING DATA QUALITY AND STATION PERFORMANCE FOR EIGHT MERIDIAN COMPACT POSTHOLE STATIONS DEPLOYED IN THE PARNAIBA BASIN
Creators: name: Coelho, Diogo Luiz Oliveira
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 370609
subject: Seismology and seismic exploration

description: This work aims at assessing the quality of data recorded by eight temporary broadband stations deployed under the Parnaíba Basin Analysis Project (PBAP), a collaboration among several Brazilian and UK universities and BP Energy do Brasil.
Geochemical baselines based on stream waters: applications to environmental studies, Central Chile as a case study
Creators: name: Jorquera Zuniga, Carmina Olivia
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2013

description: Increasing environmental regulation has resulted in mining companies monitoring levels of toxic trace elements in the environment. However, little research has been done to identify the sources of such elements as natural or manmade. Whilst the mining industry has traditionally used hydrogeochemical baselines for exploration, this study has evaluated the use of such baselines for environmental assessments of drainage systems, particularly the identification and quantification of natural and anthropogenic sources. The results are discussed in the context of water quality regulation and guideline values. The research generated the first systematic regional geochemical baseline of Central Chile including the classic Andean copper mineral province and the Andina – Los Bronces mining district. The study area included three major catchments flowing from the Andean Cordillera into inhabited valleys, with the potential for contamination from agriculture and the urban environment. Waters were sampled at a density of 1 per 100 sq. km. over 20000 sq. km. in five seasons over three years. Multi-element chemistry and stable isotopes were determined. The geochemical baseline was prepared using high quality geochemical data. The distribution patterns of the anomalously high geochemistry showed strong relationships with bedrock geology, including the presence of evaporites, sulphide mineralisation and hydrothermally altered rocks (differentiated using isotopes in sulphate). High concentrations of nitrate and phosphate were identified in agricultural areas reflecting pollution from fertilisers and sewage (distinguished using isotopes in nitrate). Areas affected by fertilisers and sewage were significantly greater than those affected by mining. Waters draining unmined Cu-mineralisation had much higher Cu and Ni levels and lower pH than Cu-mine area waters. Most regional geochemistry was below international guidelines and Chilean regulatory levels and where elevated it reflected natural sources and seasonal variations. The study demonstrates that geochemical baselines have considerable potential for distinguishing between natural and anthropogenic pollutant sources in environmental assessments.
Optical Observations of the Isolated Neutron Star RX J0720.4-3125
Creators: name: Kulkarni, S. R.
name: van Kerkwijk, M. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: RX J0720.4-3125 is an unidentified bright soft X-ray source which shows pulsations at a 8.39 s period and has a thermal spectrum. We present deep B and R band images of its X-ray localization. We find one possible counterpart in the X-ray error box, with magnitudes B=26.6+/-0.2 and R=26.9+/-0.3. The very high X-ray to optical flux ratio confirms that this object is an isolated neutron star. We discuss possible models and conclude that only two are consistent with the data and at the same time are able to draw from a large enough population to make finding one nearby likely. In our opinion the second criterion provides a stringent constraint but appears to have been ignored so far. The first model, suggested earlier, is that RX J0720.4-3125 is a weakly magnetized neutron star accreting from the interstellar medium. The second is that it is a relatively young, highly magnetized neutron star, a ``magnetar'', which is kept hot by magnetic field decay.
description: 8 pages, 1 Figure. Accepted for publication in ApJ (Letters)
Driven power-law oscillator
Creators: name: Schmelcher, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the nonlinear dynamics of a driven power law oscillator whose shape varies periodically in time covering a broad spectrum of anharmonicities. Combining weak and strong confinement of different geometry within a single driving period the phase space allows not only for regular and chaotic bounded motion but in particular also for an unbounded motion which exhibits an exponential net growth of the corresponding energies. Our computational study shows that phases of motion with energy gain and loss as well as approximate energy conservation alternate within a single period of the oscillator and can be assigned to the change of the underlying confinement geometry. We demonstrate how the crossover from a single- to a two-component phase space takes place with varying frequency and amplitude and analyze the corresponding volumes in phase space. In the high frequency regime an effective potential is derived that combines the different features of the driven power-law oscillator. Possible experimental realizations are discussed.
Additional file 2: of A randomized phase II clinical trial of dendritic cell vaccination following complete resection of colon cancer liver metastasis
Creators: name: Rodriguez, Javier
name: Castañón, Eduardo
name: Perez-Gracia, Jose
name: Rodriguez, Inmaculada
name: Viudez, Antonio
name: Alfaro, Carlos
name: Oñate, Carmen
name: Perez, Guiomar
name: Rotellar, Fernando
name: Inogés, Susana
name: Ascensión López-Diaz De Cerio
name: Leyre Resano
name: Ponz-Sarvise, Mariano
name: Rodriguez-Ruiz, Maria
name: Chopitea, Ana
name: Vera, Ruth
name: Melero, Ignacio
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: 60506 Virology

description: (PDF 1084 kb)
MOESM1 of Candidate genes for grape white rot resistance based on SMRT and Illumina sequencing
Creators: name: Su, Kai
name: Guo, Yinshan
name: Zhao, Yuhui
name: Gao, Hongyan
name: Liu, Zhendong
name: Li, Kun
name: Ma, Li
name: Guo, Xiuwu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Illumina sequencing evaluation and mapping rate.