cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Effect Of Stellar Flybys On The Perturbation Of Earth’s Orbit
Creators: name: Author, Unknown
Publisher: name: University of Lincoln
Year: 2023
Subjects: F500 - Astronomy

description: The effect of stellar flybys on planetary bodies within our solar system is relatively unknown. Research suggests that changes in Earth’s orbit can affect the climatic evolution on our planet. These cycles, dubbed the Milankovitch cycles, have been cited as playing a role in the extinction events in Earth’s history. There is the potential that long term consecutive stellarflybys could alter the Milankovitch cycles. This may be a contributing factor in the extinction events that are associated with the crossing of the spiral arms. This study presents the effects of 34 flyby scenarios on the Earth’s eccentricity and inclination evolution. A number of REBOUND simulations were run over a 15 Myr period, passing stars of various masses at a variety of encounter distances, locations, and inclinations. The numerical models show that although many cases have little impact on the evolution of Earth’s eccentricity and inclination cycles, that coplanar flybys at distances < 50000 AU can change these cycles significantly. The results suggest that consecutive close encounters of stars to our solar system can perturb Earth’s orbit. Therefore, it is plausible that stellar flybys may influence the Milankovitch cycles and play a role in mass extinction events on Earth.
The empirical relationship between global patterns of disease and country-level variation in the balance of nutrients in the diet
Creators: name: Reynolds, Raven SinÃ©ad
Publisher: name: University of Lincoln
Year: 2024
Subjects: B400 - Nutrition

description: Across human populations the ways in which food quantity can affect health are well established, in reference to under-nutrition and over-nutrition, however, knowledge of the importance of food qualityin relation to disease burden and prevention are still relatively poor. The aim of this study is to quantify the empirical relationship between global patterns of disease and country-level variation in the balance of macronutrients in the diet with focus on type-2-diabetes mellitus (DM), cardiovascular disease (CVD), ischemic heart disease (IHD), hypertensive heart disease (HHD) and stroke.Confounding factors such as age, sex and wealth were included in the analysis with wealth represented by current health expenditure (CHE), gross domestic product (GDP) and development status. Development status was shown to have the greatest explanatory effect on both macronutrient availability and changing patterns in disease. Calorie availability from all macronutrients became more animal based as development status increased. Transition countries produced the highest results for prevalence of deaths and disability adjusted life years (DALYs) from all diseases except for DM, where developing countries suffered more greatly. It was clear that when the percentage of calories in the diet coming from animal sources were low, deaths and DALYs increased as calories from non-protein energy (NPE) and protein energy increased and reduced when calories from NPE and protein decreased. When the animal percentage in diets was high however, the occurrence of deaths and DALYs were more affected by the NPE:P, where prevalence was greatest when calories from NPE and protein were simultaneously high or simultaneously low and reduced when the ratio of NPE to protein became more imbalanced, for example, when calories from NPE was low whilst calories from protein was high and vice versa. The key finding here is that there is no one contributor of changing patterns of disease, however it is a combination of calories consumed and the source of these calories(vegetal or animal).
Physical fitness of children and adolescents with moderate to severe intellectual disabilities
Creators: name: Wouters, Marieke
name: Evenhuis, Heleen M.
name: Thessa I. M. Hilgenkamp
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Background: Low levels of physical fitness are associated with low physical and mental health. The aims of this study were to assess the health-related physical fitness of children with intellectual disability (ID), and study the association of physical activity and motor development with physical fitness. Methods: One hundred and twenty-eight children with moderate to severe ID (83 boys; age 2–18 years) visiting specialised day programme centres engaged in field-based physical fitness tests (body composition, muscular strength, muscular endurance, and cardiorespiratory fitness). Scores were compared to reference values, and with linear regression analysis the association between the fitness outcomes and physical activity and motor development was studied. Results: High rates of overweight (23–25%) and obesity (10–15%) were found. A majority of the participants (71–91%) scored below reference values for muscular strength, endurance, and cardiorespiratory fitness tests. Physical activity and motor development were positively associated with scores on several fitness test (β = 0.27–0.44; p Conclusions: Children with moderate to severe ID visiting specialised day programme centres have strikingly low physical fitness levels. Policies and interventions to increase the physical fitness for this specific group of children are urgently needed, in which increasing physical activity and motor skills are expected to be effective components.Implications for rehabilitationStrikingly low levels of physical fitness were seen in children and adolescents with moderate to severe intellectual disabilities.This vulnerable group is in need of appropriate interventions to increase their physical fitness levels.Increasing the physical activity is a potential component in these interventions.Improving motor development will most likely lead to improved physical fitness as well. Strikingly low levels of physical fitness were seen in children and adolescents with moderate to severe intellectual disabilities. This vulnerable group is in need of appropriate interventions to increase their physical fitness levels. Increasing the physical activity is a potential component in these interventions. Improving motor development will most likely lead to improved physical fitness as well.
The empirical relationship between global patterns of disease and country-level variation in the balance of nutrients in the diet
Creators: name: Author, Unknown
Publisher: name: University of Lincoln
Year: 2023
Subjects: B400 - Nutrition

description: Across human populations the ways in which food quantity can affect health are well established, in reference to under-nutrition and over-nutrition, however, knowledge of the importance of food qualityin relation to disease burden and prevention are still relatively poor. The aim of this study is to quantify the empirical relationship between global patterns of disease and country-level variation in the balance of macronutrients in the diet with focus on type-2-diabetes mellitus (DM), cardiovascular disease (CVD), ischemic heart disease (IHD), hypertensive heart disease (HHD) and stroke.Confounding factors such as age, sex and wealth were included in the analysis with wealth represented by current health expenditure (CHE), gross domestic product (GDP) and development status. Development status was shown to have the greatest explanatory effect on both macronutrient availability and changing patterns in disease. Calorie availability from all macronutrients became more animal based as development status increased. Transition countries produced the highest results for prevalence of deaths and disability adjusted life years (DALYs) from all diseases except for DM, where developing countries suffered more greatly. It was clear that when the percentage of calories in the diet coming from animal sources were low, deaths and DALYs increased as calories from non-protein energy (NPE) and protein energy increased and reduced when calories from NPE and protein decreased. When the animal percentage in diets was high however, the occurrence of deaths and DALYs were more affected by the NPE:P, where prevalence was greatest when calories from NPE and protein were simultaneously high or simultaneously low and reduced when the ratio of NPE to protein became more imbalanced, for example, when calories from NPE was low whilst calories from protein was high and vice versa. The key finding here is that there is no one contributor of changing patterns of disease, however it is a combination of calories consumed and the source of these calories(vegetal or animal).
Isolation and characterisation of novel Clostridium perfringens bacteriophage from sewage effluent, and evaluation of parameters for potential therapeutic use
Creators: name: Dennes, Ellen
Publisher: name: University of Lincoln
Year: 2024
Subjects: C500 - Microbiology
C540 - Virology

description: The development of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has become a worldwide concern, with predictions stating that 10 million people may die as a result of AMR by 2050. The increasing concern surrounding bacterial resistance rendered their use as antimicrobial growth promotors (AGP’s) within the animal husbandry sector detrimental, resulting in their ban within Europe in 2006. Since then, a multitude of diseases have arisen, the most notable being necrotic enteritis in broiler chickens, caused by C. perfringens. The almost US$6 billion per annum loss associated with the disease, makes the acquisition of an alternative economically viable. With the use of bacteriophage (phage) commonly proposed as an alternative to antibiotics, this study aimed to isolate and characterise a lytic C. perfringens phage from the environment, before establishing therapeutic efficacy. Sewerage effluent samples were collected in order to screen for C. perfringens phage, prior to purification and generation of high titre lysate. Molecular characterisation was then performed via DNA extraction, sequencing, pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and restriction enzyme digests, as well as lytic range studies, visualisation via transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and burst size and latent period calculation through one-step growth curve experiments. Results indicated the isolation of a lytic C. perfringens phage, (named ?22), and production of a purified, high titre lysate (109 PFU/mL). Visualisation indicated the classification of ?22 into the order Caudovirales, within the family Podoviridae. Within the 39-40nm icosahedral head, double stranded DNA was extracted, determined to be 17,962 bp in size. A vast lytic range was determined alongside a large burst size (121 virions per cell) and short latent period (50 minutes), indicating its favourable use therapeutically and highlighting the pragmatic approach towards an alternative to antibiotics.
title: How Would ReproNim Do Local Container Analysis
Creators: name: ReproNim
Publisher: name: ReproNim
Year: 2020

description: In this first installment of the How would ReproNim do that? series, we we consider how to run a container-based analysis on a neuroimaging data set using a local computer. Given the ReproNim goal of performing this analysis in a reproducible way so that someone else could do the same thing, we discuss a ReproNim approach to this task.
Volunteers’ Motivations to Participate in the FIFA World Cup 2022: A Cross-National Study
Creators: name: Manadili, Thuraya
Publisher: name: Manara - Qatar Research Repository
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 40
subject: Engineering

description: Volunteering is an important functional area of major sport events that may have a long-lasting impact on supporting events in host nations both at the macro and local levels. Furthermore, volunteering in Qatar is an opportunity to build relationships between the locals and the residents' community. Thus, undertaking research to obtain a comprehensive understanding of the factors that influence young people in Qatar (both citizens and residents, and males and females), to volunteer in general and in relation to the mega-sporting events such as the 2022 FIFA World Cup (FWC) in Qatar is critical. The study is significant in examining strategies to maintain volunteers' interest in the sporting event, how their volunteering experience can contribute to achieving a legacy and provide them opportunities to volunteer at other organizations and significant events in the future. It is therefore important to gain an understanding of the Qatari community and how to create an inclusive environment that fosters motivated and involved volunteers. Furthermore, engaged volunteers are happy to help their nation and the regions in which they live. This research study used semi-structured interviews comprising open-ended questions to understand the motivations of volunteers, based in Qatar, to participate in the 2022 FWC. Moreover, this study emphasizes comprehension of the pre-tournament assessment of goals and motivations of a group of young people, post-tournament feedback on lessons learned from the FIFA Arab Cup 2021, and long-term improvements for the FWC 2022 and Qatar. Additionally, it concerns the volunteering legacy for Qatar specifically, and the Arab region, more generally. This research findings determined what inspires young locals to volunteer, and consider their motivations, plans and experiences of volunteering. The study assisted in identifying factors that can contribute to creating a legacy of local volunteering for major sport events in Qatar on the path to 2022 and beyond.
Isolation and characterisation of novel Clostridium perfringens bacteriophage from sewage effluent, and evaluation of parameters for potential therapeutic use
Creators: name: Author, Unknown
Publisher: name: University of Lincoln
Year: 2023
Subjects: C500 - Microbiology
C540 - Virology

description: The development of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has become a worldwide concern, with predictions stating that 10 million people may die as a result of AMR by 2050. The increasing concern surrounding bacterial resistance rendered their use as antimicrobial growth promotors (AGP’s) within the animal husbandry sector detrimental, resulting in their ban within Europe in 2006. Since then, a multitude of diseases have arisen, the most notable being necrotic enteritis in broiler chickens, caused by C. perfringens. The almost US$6 billion per annum loss associated with the disease, makes the acquisition of an alternative economically viable. With the use of bacteriophage (phage) commonly proposed as an alternative to antibiotics, this study aimed to isolate and characterise a lytic C. perfringens phage from the environment, before establishing therapeutic efficacy. Sewerage effluent samples were collected in order to screen for C. perfringens phage, prior to purification and generation of high titre lysate. Molecular characterisation was then performed via DNA extraction, sequencing, pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and restriction enzyme digests, as well as lytic range studies, visualisation via transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and burst size and latent period calculation through one-step growth curve experiments. Results indicated the isolation of a lytic C. perfringens phage, (named ?22), and production of a purified, high titre lysate (109 PFU/mL). Visualisation indicated the classification of ?22 into the order Caudovirales, within the family Podoviridae. Within the 39-40nm icosahedral head, double stranded DNA was extracted, determined to be 17,962 bp in size. A vast lytic range was determined alongside a large burst size (121 virions per cell) and short latent period (50 minutes), indicating its favourable use therapeutically and highlighting the pragmatic approach towards an alternative to antibiotics.
An investigation into the composition and antibiotic resistance levels of gut microbiota in ewes and their new-born lambs
Creators: name: Congdon, Claire
Publisher: name: University of Lincoln
Year: 2024
Subjects: C100 - Biology
C300 - Zoology
D320 - Animal health
D420 - Livestock
D421 - Livestock husbandry

description: The communities of bacterial species present within a sheep gut microbiota can have varying effects on general host health. It is thought that the microbiota carried by ewes can transfer to offspring and influence their microbial communities, which then could potentially affect the health and production of the animal. Antibiotic resistance has become a major issue worldwide and commensal bacteria can also harbour antibiotic resistance genes. Therefore, transfer of microbiota from ewes to lambs could also transfer resistance, further increasing the problem. There are limited studies monitoring transfer and resistance of bacteria within sheep, even though the processes could have an economic impact on farmers. In this study, faecal samples from 65 ewes and 109 lambs were collected. There were 11 different species of bacteria isolated from the faeces. These species showed most resistance to tetracycline (bacterial species isolated from 77% of ewes and 79% of lambs showed tetracycline resistance)and the blaTEM-1 resistance gene was the most prevalent(found in 25% of the isolated bacteria). The species present as part of the gut microbiota and their resistance levels, in both ewes and lambs, were compared to deduce whether transfer from mother to offspring was likely. The bacterial species in lambs were also measured at repeat sample collections within the first two months of birth, to try and determine whether gut microbiota changed with age. A significant relationship was found between resistance levels of the bacteria isolated and the age of lambs. Similarities could be seen in the composition of gut microbiota in ewes and lambs, suggesting possible transmission of species from ewe to their offspring, however the relationship was not significant. Further analysis, including isolating bacteria from affecting factors other than the ewes, would need to be undertaken to prove direct microbial transfer from mother to offspring.
National Study of Muscle Cramps in ALS in the USA
Creators: name: Stephens, Helen E.
name: Joyce, Nanette C.
name: Oskarsson, Björn
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: The objective of this study was to describe muscle cramps in an US sample of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) patients. Utilizing an anonymous web based questionnaire we queried ALS patients regarding the severity, frequency, time-course, treatment of muscle cramps and their relationship to pain. The survey had 282 respondents with 92% reporting that they had cramps. For 20% of the sample, cramps were stated to be the presenting ALS symptom. Cramp severity was rated at a mean of 5.2/10 and the mean cramp frequency was 5.3 cramps per day. Cramp intensity and frequency did not correlate with duration or severity of ALS. Pain as measured with the Patient Reported Outcome Measurement Information System (PROMIS) pain scales was not statistically different from the US general population. Cramp severity and frequency significantly and positively correlated with the PROMIS pain scales. Patients with more severe cramps were more likely to use prescription medications for their cramps compared to patients with milder symptoms. Treatments directed at cramps were tried by 57%. In conclusion, cramps are a common symptom in ALS and it does not correlate with disease duration or severity. The severity of cramps is on average moderate and many patients try treatments.
An investigation into the composition and antibiotic resistance levels of gut microbiota in ewes and their new-born lambs
Creators: name: Author, Unknown
Publisher: name: University of Lincoln
Year: 2023
Subjects: C100 - Biology
C300 - Zoology
D320 - Animal health
D420 - Livestock
D421 - Livestock husbandry

description: The communities of bacterial species present within a sheep gut microbiota can have varying effects on general host health. It is thought that the microbiota carried by ewes can transfer to offspring and influence their microbial communities, which then could potentially affect the health and production of the animal. Antibiotic resistance has become a major issue worldwide and commensal bacteria can also harbour antibiotic resistance genes. Therefore, transfer of microbiota from ewes to lambs could also transfer resistance, further increasing the problem. There are limited studies monitoring transfer and resistance of bacteria within sheep, even though the processes could have an economic impact on farmers. In this study, faecal samples from 65 ewes and 109 lambs were collected. There were 11 different species of bacteria isolated from the faeces. These species showed most resistance to tetracycline (bacterial species isolated from 77% of ewes and 79% of lambs showed tetracycline resistance)and the blaTEM-1 resistance gene was the most prevalent(found in 25% of the isolated bacteria). The species present as part of the gut microbiota and their resistance levels, in both ewes and lambs, were compared to deduce whether transfer from mother to offspring was likely. The bacterial species in lambs were also measured at repeat sample collections within the first two months of birth, to try and determine whether gut microbiota changed with age. A significant relationship was found between resistance levels of the bacteria isolated and the age of lambs. Similarities could be seen in the composition of gut microbiota in ewes and lambs, suggesting possible transmission of species from ewe to their offspring, however the relationship was not significant. Further analysis, including isolating bacteria from affecting factors other than the ewes, would need to be undertaken to prove direct microbial transfer from mother to offspring.
MyGene2 automated match report: TMEM67
Creators: name: Team, The MyGene2
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 110311 Medical Genetics (excl. Cancer Genetics)
subject: FOS: Basic medicine

description: MyGene2.org is free, public, searchable & browsable website. Families with rare genetic conditions, clinicians, and researchers families who are interested in sharing health and genetic information can create MyGene2 profiles and use these to connect with other families, clinicians, and researchers who may have or be studying the same condition. If multiple MyGene2 profiles potentially match on a shared gene of interest, MyGene2 automatically generates a match report summarizing the information in these profiles. This automated match report is shared publicly to help facilitate further research and/or connections between the submitters of the MyGene2 profiles and other interested parties. This is an automated match report for TMEM67.
Sorry to say, but pilots' decisions were not irrational
Creators: name: J Perezgonzalez
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 179999 Psychology and Cognitive Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: 170110 Psychological Methodology, Design and Analysis
subject: 170299 Cognitive Science not elsewhere classified
subject: Applied Psychology

description: Fradera’s Digest (2016) makes for interesting reading both for aviators and cognitive psychologists alike. Fradera reports on a research article by Walmsley and Gilbey (2016) and the Digest seems pretty accurate to the contents commented upon (in a way, thus, whatever praises or criticisms are raised apply equally to the latter article). The Digest is interesting because what it says is quite relevant in principle but rather misleading in practice. That is, the actual results reported by Walmsley and Gilbey, do not seem to support the portrayal of pilots as biased and irrational, a portrayal which originates in the interpretation of those results based on a flawed statistical technique—null hypothesis significance testing, or NHST. In a nutshell, Fradera opted to summarize the interpretation of (some) outputs made by Walmsley and Gilbey instead of re-interpreting those outputs anew within the context of the methodology and the results described in the original article, as I shall argue.
How do midwives’ knowledge and attitudes of all aspects of electronic cigarettes influence the recommendation for their use as a smoking cessation strategy in pregnancy?
Creators: name: Broadfield, Amy
Publisher: name: University of Lincoln
Year: 2024
Subjects: B700 - Nursing
B720 - Midwifery

description: Electronic cigarettes are rapidly becoming the most common form of nicotine replacement therapy, but their long-term effects are still unknown, especially surrounding effects on a foetus. Currently, organisations such as Public Health England and the Royal College of Midwives support the use of electronic cigarettes during pregnancy, as they are deemed a safer alternative to conventional cigarette smoking. The defining purpose of this research was to explore the knowledge and attitudes held by midwives regarding electronic cigarette use in pregnancy, and whether this affected their likelihood of recommendation as a smoking cessation strategy. Midwives were chosen as they have most likely had the most frequent contact with pregnant smokers, and their roles encompass a strong element of health promotion. This is important as professional bodies such as the Royal College of Midwives recommend electronic cigarettes as a smoking cessation strategy in pregnancy; a very recent development in midwifery practice
A Self-Organized Internal Models Architecture for Coding Sensory–Motor Schemes
Creators: name: Escobar-Juárez, Esau
name: Schillaci, Guido
name: Hermosillo Valadez, Jorge
name: Lara-Guzmán, Bruno
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: internal models
subject: cognitive robotics
subject: self-organized maps
subject: sensory–motor schemes
subject: computational architecture
subject: 004 Datenverarbeitung; Informatik

description: Cognitive robotics research draws inspiration from theories and models on cognition, as conceived by neuroscience or cognitive psychology, to investigate biologically plausible computational models in artificial agents. In this field, the theoretical framework of Grounded Cognition provides epistemological and methodological grounds for the computational modeling of cognition. It has been stressed in the literature that simulation, prediction, and multi-modal integration are key aspects of cognition and that computational architectures capable of putting them into play in a biologically plausible way are a necessity. Research in this direction has brought extensive empirical evidence, suggesting that Internal Models are suitable mechanisms for sensory–motor integration. However, current Internal Models architectures show several drawbacks, mainly due to the lack of a unified substrate allowing for a true sensory–motor integration space, enabling flexible and scalable ways to model cognition under the embodiment hypothesis constraints. We propose the Self-Organized Internal Models Architecture (SOIMA), a computational cognitive architecture coded by means of a network of self-organized maps, implementing coupled internal models that allow modeling multi-modal sensory–motor schemes. Our approach addresses integrally the issues of current implementations of Internal Models. We discuss the design and features of the architecture, and provide empirical results on a humanoid robot that demonstrate the benefits and potentialities of the SOIMA concept for studying cognition in artificial agents.
How do midwives’ knowledge and attitudes of all aspects of electronic cigarettes influence the recommendation for their use as a smoking cessation strategy in pregnancy?
Creators: name: Author, Unknown
Publisher: name: University of Lincoln
Year: 2023
Subjects: B700 - Nursing
B720 - Midwifery

description: Electronic cigarettes are rapidly becoming the most common form of nicotine replacement therapy, but their long-term effects are still unknown, especially surrounding effects on a foetus. Currently, organisations such as Public Health England and the Royal College of Midwives support the use of electronic cigarettes during pregnancy, as they are deemed a safer alternative to conventional cigarette smoking. The defining purpose of this research was to explore the knowledge and attitudes held by midwives regarding electronic cigarette use in pregnancy, and whether this affected their likelihood of recommendation as a smoking cessation strategy. Midwives were chosen as they have most likely had the most frequent contact with pregnant smokers, and their roles encompass a strong element of health promotion. This is important as professional bodies such as the Royal College of Midwives recommend electronic cigarettes as a smoking cessation strategy in pregnancy; a very recent development in midwifery practice
MyGene2 automated match report: B9D2
Creators: name: Team, The MyGene2
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 110311 Medical Genetics (excl. Cancer Genetics)
subject: FOS: Basic medicine

description: MyGene2.org is free, public, searchable & browsable website. Families with rare genetic conditions, clinicians, and researchers families who are interested in sharing health and genetic information can create MyGene2 profiles and use these to connect with other families, clinicians, and researchers who may have or be studying the same condition. If multiple MyGene2 profiles potentially match on a shared gene of interest, MyGene2 automatically generates a match report summarizing the information in these profiles. This automated match report is shared publicly to help facilitate further research and/or connections between the submitters of the MyGene2 profiles and other interested parties. This is an automated match report for B9D2.
Transport properties of band engineered p−n heterostructures of epitaxial Bi2Se3/(Bi1−xSbx)2(Te1−ySey)3 topological insulators
Creators: name: Mayer, Thomas
name: Werner, Heiko
name: Diaz-Pardo, R.
name: Fujii, J.
name: Vobornik, I.
name: Back, Christian H.
name: Kronseder, Matthias
name: Bougeard, Dominique
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: SINGLE DIRAC CONE; MAGNETORESISTANCE; SRTIO3
subject: 530 Physik

description: The challenge of parasitic bulk doping in Bi-based 3D topological insulator materials is still omnipresent, especially when preparing samples by molecular beam epitaxy. Here, we present a heterostructure approach for epitaxial (Bi1-xSbx)(2)(Te1-ySey)(3) (BSTS) growth. A thin n-type Bi2Se3 (BS) layer is used as an epitaxial and electrostatic seed which drastically improves the crystalline and electronic quality and reproducibility of the sample properties. In heterostructures of BS with p-type BSTS we demonstrate intrinsic band bending effects to tune the electronic properties solely by adjusting the thickness of the respective layer. The analysis of weak antilocalization features in the magnetoconductance indicates a separation of top and bottom conduction layers with increasing BSTS thickness. By temperature- and gate-dependent transport measurements, we show that the thin BS seed layer can be completely depleted within the heterostructure and demonstrate electrostatic tuning of the bands via a back gate throughout the whole sample thickness.
Physical Layer Authentication for Inter-Satellite Communication
Creators: name: Abdelsalam, Nora Atef
Publisher: name: Manara - Qatar Research Repository
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 40
subject: Engineering

description: Satellite communications will play a vital role in future networks as they enable extended coverage and bandwidth, which is important, particularly in remote areas. In fact, megaconstellations of LEO satellites provide solutions to connect the world with minimum delay. Satellites in constellations communicate with each other using interlinks, creating space networks to facilitate traffic routing between satellites while increasing throughput and bandwidth. Consequently, ensuring secure and reliable interconnection between these satellites is necessary to achieve the required connection and coverage. However, intersatellite links are vulnerable to passive and active attacks since their signals are transmitted in open space. Specifically, LEO satellites are vulnerable to spoofing attacks due to their relative proximity to earth and the increasing number of satellites in this region. LEO satellites are characterized by high doppler shift frequency due to their high-speed mobility. In this thesis, we propose a physical layer authentication algorithm that uses the doppler shift frequency feature to authenticate LEO satellites and detect spoofing attacks. We develop a deep learning model that predicts mobility information (position and speed) for LEO satellites. According to the predictions, the algorithm calculates the estimated doppler frequency shift and uses it for authentication. We create a dataset of 8 LEO satellites to train our model. We simulate and evaluate our algorithm with various scenarios to prove its ability to detect spoofing attacks with low false alarm rates. The simulation results show that our algorithm can accurately predict satellites’ mobility and successfully authenticate them accordingly (while detecting spoofing attackers).
MyGene2 automated match report: B9D1
Creators: name: Team, The MyGene2
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 110311 Medical Genetics (excl. Cancer Genetics)
subject: FOS: Basic medicine

description: MyGene2.org is free, public, searchable & browsable website. Families with rare genetic conditions, clinicians, and researchers families who are interested in sharing health and genetic information can create MyGene2 profiles and use these to connect with other families, clinicians, and researchers who may have or be studying the same condition. If multiple MyGene2 profiles potentially match on a shared gene of interest, MyGene2 automatically generates a match report summarizing the information in these profiles. This automated match report is shared publicly to help facilitate further research and/or connections between the submitters of the MyGene2 profiles and other interested parties. This is an automated match report for B9D1.
The Effectiveness of Bacillus subtilis subsp. subtilis as a Probiotic to Combat Necrotic Enteritis in Poultry
Creators: name: Clerkin, Danielle
Publisher: name: University of Lincoln
Year: 2024
Subjects: C510 - Applied microbiology
D326 - Animal pharmacy
D420 - Livestock

description: A ban on the use of antibiotics in livestock was introduced to combat the global antibiotic resistance crisis. This ban has led to an increased prevalence of diseases that have a significant economic impact on the agricultural industry, such as necrotic enteritis (NE) in poultry. As a result, alternative methods are required to prevent these diseases. The main aim of this project was to identify isolates of Bacillus subtilis subsp. subtilis that can be used as probiotics to combat NE in poultry. This study selected B. subtilis subsp. subtilis isolates based on their antagonistic ability against Clostridium perfringens and further assessed their stability in conditions relevant to those of the poultry gastrointestinal (GI) tract, antibiotic sensitivity, and their cell adhesion properties through an aggregation assay. Isolates of interest (BS013 and BS023) showed antagonistic properties against a range of C. perfringens isolates and were also both viable and had antagonistic properties after exposure to pH 2 to pH 9, bile salt concentrations up to 0.9% and temperatures from 30°C to 42°C. The two potential probiotics were deemed susceptible to three antibiotics by European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) guidelines, as well as, providing good auto-aggregation properties, which is thought to be crucial for intestinal cell adhesion. Overall, B. subtilis subsp. subtilis isolates BS013 and BS023 could be promising alternatives to antimicrobial growth promotors (AGPs) to combat NE in poultry, however extensive future work is needed to further assess their effectiveness as probiotics and to ensure safety requirements are met.
The Effectiveness of Bacillus subtilis subsp. subtilis as a Probiotic to Combat Necrotic Enteritis in Poultry
Creators: name: Author, Unknown
Publisher: name: University of Lincoln
Year: 2023
Subjects: C510 - Applied microbiology
D326 - Animal pharmacy
D420 - Livestock

description: A ban on the use of antibiotics in livestock was introduced to combat the global antibiotic resistance crisis. This ban has led to an increased prevalence of diseases that have a significant economic impact on the agricultural industry, such as necrotic enteritis (NE) in poultry. As a result, alternative methods are required to prevent these diseases. The main aim of this project was to identify isolates of Bacillus subtilis subsp. subtilis that can be used as probiotics to combat NE in poultry. This study selected B. subtilis subsp. subtilis isolates based on their antagonistic ability against Clostridium perfringens and further assessed their stability in conditions relevant to those of the poultry gastrointestinal (GI) tract, antibiotic sensitivity, and their cell adhesion properties through an aggregation assay. Isolates of interest (BS013 and BS023) showed antagonistic properties against a range of C. perfringens isolates and were also both viable and had antagonistic properties after exposure to pH 2 to pH 9, bile salt concentrations up to 0.9% and temperatures from 30°C to 42°C. The two potential probiotics were deemed susceptible to three antibiotics by European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) guidelines, as well as, providing good auto-aggregation properties, which is thought to be crucial for intestinal cell adhesion. Overall, B. subtilis subsp. subtilis isolates BS013 and BS023 could be promising alternatives to antimicrobial growth promotors (AGPs) to combat NE in poultry, however extensive future work is needed to further assess their effectiveness as probiotics and to ensure safety requirements are met.
MyGene2 automated match report: ARL13B
Creators: name: Team, The MyGene2
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 110311 Medical Genetics (excl. Cancer Genetics)
subject: FOS: Basic medicine

description: MyGene2.org is free, public, searchable & browsable website. Families with rare genetic conditions, clinicians, and researchers families who are interested in sharing health and genetic information can create MyGene2 profiles and use these to connect with other families, clinicians, and researchers who may have or be studying the same condition. If multiple MyGene2 profiles potentially match on a shared gene of interest, MyGene2 automatically generates a match report summarizing the information in these profiles. This automated match report is shared publicly to help facilitate further research and/or connections between the submitters of the MyGene2 profiles and other interested parties. This is an automated match report for ARL13B.
Dog training with electronic collars: welfare, efficacy and critical appraisal
Creators: name: China, Lucy
Publisher: name: University of Lincoln
Year: 2024
Subjects: D320 - Animal health
D322 - Animal physiology
D328 - Animal welfare

description: The use of electronic collars in dog training is a controversial topic amongst those interested in dog training and welfare. This study set out to inform this debate by providing an objective, critical examination of the scientific literature and undertaking a detailed investigation into the efficacy and the welfare effects of electronic collars in training, compared to alternative training techniques. Two Critically Appraised Topics (CATs) were constructed, each using a set of pre-defined criteria, to explore the comparative efficacy and welfare effects of electronic collars in dog training. These revealed that the use of electronic collars can be successful in training but found no evidence to indicate that they are better than alternative training techniques and some evidence that they may be detrimental to dog welfare. The critical appraisals highlighted limitations in research methodologies especially the lack of randomised controlled studies as evidence. To gain improved insight into the relative efficacy and effect on welfare of electronic collars, enhanced data examination techniques were used on pre-existing training videos from the highest quality study identified in the CATS above. Training groups were examined comprising: electronic collar use (A); training by the same individuals without electronic collars (B); and reward-based training focused techniques (C). These were compared for their: response to “come” and “sit” commands; latency to respond to these commands; and, several behavioural responses observed during training sessions indicative of stress. The results of these video examinations demonstrated that the use of electronic collars is a successful training technique. Yet, these devices are not superior to the other training techniques examined. However, the use of reward-based training leads to significantly fewer behavioural indicators of stress relative to the other two scenarios examined. These results suggest there are increased risks without measurable benefit with the use of electronic training collars. Furthermore, the use of electronic collar training and the other aversively led training methods even without electronic collars are also a concern and indicate a need for closer examination of a wider range of training methods.
Dog training with electronic collars: welfare, efficacy and critical appraisal
Creators: name: Author, Unknown
Publisher: name: University of Lincoln
Year: 2023
Subjects: D320 - Animal health
D322 - Animal physiology
D328 - Animal welfare

description: The use of electronic collars in dog training is a controversial topic amongst those interested in dog training and welfare. This study set out to inform this debate by providing an objective, critical examination of the scientific literature and undertaking a detailed investigation into the efficacy and the welfare effects of electronic collars in training, compared to alternative training techniques. Two Critically Appraised Topics (CATs) were constructed, each using a set of pre-defined criteria, to explore the comparative efficacy and welfare effects of electronic collars in dog training. These revealed that the use of electronic collars can be successful in training but found no evidence to indicate that they are better than alternative training techniques and some evidence that they may be detrimental to dog welfare. The critical appraisals highlighted limitations in research methodologies especially the lack of randomised controlled studies as evidence. To gain improved insight into the relative efficacy and effect on welfare of electronic collars, enhanced data examination techniques were used on pre-existing training videos from the highest quality study identified in the CATS above. Training groups were examined comprising: electronic collar use (A); training by the same individuals without electronic collars (B); and reward-based training focused techniques (C). These were compared for their: response to “come” and “sit” commands; latency to respond to these commands; and, several behavioural responses observed during training sessions indicative of stress. The results of these video examinations demonstrated that the use of electronic collars is a successful training technique. Yet, these devices are not superior to the other training techniques examined. However, the use of reward-based training leads to significantly fewer behavioural indicators of stress relative to the other two scenarios examined. These results suggest there are increased risks without measurable benefit with the use of electronic training collars. Furthermore, the use of electronic collar training and the other aversively led training methods even without electronic collars are also a concern and indicate a need for closer examination of a wider range of training methods.
Longer-term safety and tolerability of canagliflozin in patients with type 2 diabetes: a pooled analysis
Creators: name: Qiu, Rong
name: Balis, Dainius
name: Xie, John
name: Davies, Michael J.
name: Mehul Desai
name: Meininger, Gary
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Objective: To evaluate the longer-term safety of canagliflozin, a sodium glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor, in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods: The safety/tolerability of canagliflozin 100 and 300 mg were assessed using data pooled from seven placebo- and active-controlled studies of 52–104 weeks in duration that enrolled a broad range of patients with T2DM (N = 5598). Canagliflozin 100 and 300 mg as monotherapy or in combination with various background antihyperglycemic agents (AHAs) were compared with pooled non-canagliflozin treatments (i.e. placebo, sitagliptin, glimepiride). Safety was assessed based on adverse event (AE) reports, including the incidence of AEs related to the mechanism of SGLT2 inhibition. Results: Overall AE incidence was similar with canagliflozin 100 and 300 mg and non-canagliflozin (73.7%, 74.5%, and 73.7%). The incidence of AE-related discontinuations and serious AEs was low and balanced across groups. The incidence of male and female genital mycotic infections, urinary tract infections, and AEs related to osmotic diuresis or volume depletion was higher with canagliflozin versus non-canagliflozin; these AEs generally occurred early with decreased incidence over time and incidence was similar across baseline HbA1c subgroups. The incidence of fractures and diabetic ketoacidosis was low and similar across groups. Canagliflozin was associated with a low incidence of hypoglycemia when used with background AHAs that are not associated with hypoglycemia; the incidence was higher among patients on background AHAs associated with hypoglycemia (i.e. insulin, sulfonylurea, glinide). Limitations: Limitations of this analysis include its post hoc nature. While this analysis included a broad population of patients, including those with a history or risk of cardiovascular disease or chronic kidney disease, the longer-term safety in these patient populations was not specifically evaluated. Ongoing outcome studies will provide data on the long-term safety of canagliflozin in these populations. Conclusions: Longer-term exposure to canagliflozin as monotherapy or in combination with other agents was generally well tolerated in patients with T2DM. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifiers: NCT01106625, NCT01081834, NCT01106677, NCT00968812, NCT01106651, NCT01106690, NCT01137812.