cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Rez. Kuhlmann, P. / Horstmann, H. / Korn, M.: Texte erschließen und verstehen. Didaktische Kriterien und Praxisbeispiele für den Lateinunterricht, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht 2022
Creators: name: Doepner, Thomas
Publisher: name: Latein und Griechisch in Nordrhein-Westfalen
Year: 2022

description: Latein und Griechisch in Nordrhein-Westfalen, Bd. 3 Nr. 2 (2022): Texterschließung
Hyperphosphorylation of EBNA2 by Epstein-Barr Virus Protein Kinase Suppresses Transactivation of the LMP1 Promoter
Creators: name: Yue, W.
name: Gershburg, E.
name: Pagano, J. S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2005

description: The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) BGLF4 gene encodes a serine/threonine protein kinase (PK) that is expressed in the cytolytic cycle. EBV nuclear antigen 2 (EBNA2) is a key latency gene essential for immortalization of B lymphocytes and transactivation of viral and cellular promoters. Here we report that EBV PK phosphorylates EBNA2 at Ser-243 and that these two proteins physically associate. PK suppresses EBNA2's ability to transactivate the LMP1 promoter, and Ser-243 of EBNA2 is involved in this suppression. Moreover, EBNA2 is hyperphosphorylated during EBV reactivation in latently infected B cells, which is associated with decreased LMP1 protein levels. This is the first report about the effect of EBV PK on the function of one of its target proteins and regulation of EBNA2 phosphorylation during the EBV lytic cycle.
Vorwort
Creators: name: Aretz, Susanne
name: Keip, Marina
name: Kurth, Thomas
Publisher: name: Latein und Griechisch in Nordrhein-Westfalen
Year: 2022

description: Latein und Griechisch in Nordrhein-Westfalen, Bd. 3 Nr. 2 (2022): Texterschließung
Identification and Characterization of Avihepadnaviruses Isolated from Exotic Anseriformes Maintained in Captivity
Creators: name: Jilbert, A. R.
name: Miller, D. S.
name: Saputelli, J. R.
name: Aldrich, C. E.
name: Mason, W. S.
name: Guo, H.
name: Newbold, J. E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2005

description: Five new hepadnaviruses were cloned from exotic ducks and geese, including the Chiloe wigeon, mandarin duck, puna teal, Orinoco sheldgoose, and ashy-headed sheldgoose. Sequence comparisons revealed that all but the mandarin duck viruses were closely related to existing isolates of duck hepatitis B virus (DHBV), while mandarin duck virus clones were closely related to Ross goose hepatitis B virus. Nonetheless, the S protein, core protein, and functional domains of the Pol protein were highly conserved in all of the new isolates. The Chiloe wigeon and puna teal hepatitis B viruses, the two new isolates most closely related to DHBV, also lacked an AUG start codon at the beginning of their X open reading frame (ORF). But as previously reported for the heron, Ross goose, and stork hepatitis B viruses, an AUG codon was found near the beginning of the X ORF of the mandarin duck, Orinoco, and ashy-headed sheldgoose viruses. In all of the new isolates, the X ORF ended with a stop codon at the same position. All of the cloned viruses replicated when transfected into the LMH line of chicken hepatoma cells. Significant differences between the new isolates and between these and previously reported isolates were detected in the pre-S domain of the viral envelope protein, which is believed to determine viral host range. Despite this, all of the new isolates were infectious for primary cultures of Pekin duck hepatocytes, and infectivity in young Pekin ducks was demonstrated for all but the ashy-headed sheldgoose isolate.
Kerr-Newman scalar clouds
Creators: name: Benone, Carolina L.
name: Crispino, Luis C. B.
name: Herdeiro, Carlos
name: Radu, Eugen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Massive complex scalar fields can form bound states around Kerr black holes. These bound states -- dubbed scalar clouds -- are generically non-zero and finite on and outside the horizon; they decay exponentially at spatial infinity, have a real frequency and are specified by a set of integer "quantum" numbers (n,l,m). For a specific set of these numbers, the clouds are only possible along a 1-dimensional subset of the 2-dimensional parameter space of Kerr black holes, called an existence line. In this paper we make a thorough investigation of the scalar clouds due to neutral (charged) scalar fields around Kerr(-Newman) black holes. We present the location of the existence lines for a variety of quantum numbers, their spatial representation and compare analytic approximation formulas in the literature with our exact numerical results, exhibiting a sometimes remarkable agreement.
description: 11 pages, 13 figures; v2: improved Fig. 12 and corresponding discussion, added references
Identification of Adult Mouse Neurovirulence Determinants of the Sindbis Virus Strain AR86
Creators: name: Suthar, M. S.
name: Madric, K.
name: Lambeth, C.
name: Shabman, R.
name: Heise, M. T.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2005

description: Sindbis virus infection of mice has provided valuable insight into viral and host factors that contribute to virus-induced neurologic disease. In an effort to further define the viral genetic elements that contribute to adult mouse neurovirulence, the neurovirulent Sindbis virus strain AR86 was compared to the closely related (22 single amino acid coding changes and the presence or absence of an 18-amino-acid sequence in nsP3 [positions 386 to 403]) but avirulent Girdwood strain. Initial studies using chimeric viruses demonstrated that genetic elements within the nonstructural and structural coding regions contributed to AR86 neurovirulence. Detailed mapping studies identified three major determinants in the nonstructural region, at nsP1 538 (Ile to Thr; avirulent to virulent), an 18-amino-acid deletion in nsP3 (positions 386 to 403), and nsP3 537 (opal to Cys; avirulent to virulent), as well as a single determinant in the structural genes at E2 243 (Leu to Ser; avirulent to virulent), which were essential for AR86 adult mouse neurovirulence. Replacing these codons in AR86 with those found in Girdwood resulted in the attenuation of AR86, while the four corresponding AR86 changes in the Girdwood genetic background increased virulence to the level of wild-type AR86. The attenuating mutations did not adversely affect viral replication in vitro, and the attenuated viruses established infection in the brain and spinal cord as efficiently as the virulent viruses. However, the virus containing the four virulence determinants grew to higher levels in the spinal cord at late times postinfection, suggesting that the virus containing the four attenuating determinants either failed to spread or was cleared more efficiently than the wild-type virus.
Solution processed Hafnia nanoaggregates: influence of surface oxygen on catalytic soot oxidation
Creators: name: Laishram, Devika
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: 30199 Analytical Chemistry not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 30101 Analytical Spectrometry
subject: 30601 Catalysis and Mechanisms of Reactions
subject: 30403 Characterisation of Biological Macromolecules
subject: 30301 Chemical Characterisation of Materials

description: Hafnium dioxide (HfO2) nanoaggregates are synthesized by sol–gel and hydrothermal routes followed by hydrogen annealing at different time durations. The proposed study aims to explore the effect of hydrogen annealing time on the properties of HfO2 and also envisage the catalytic soot oxidation using HfO2 nanoaggregates. It is observed that annealing under a hydrogen atmosphere brought about substantial changes in certain attributes such as chemical and textural properties with marginal changes in some other properties like optical activity and band gap. The pristine HfO2 without hydrogen annealing showed a lower ignition temperature, whereas hydrogen annealed HfO2 for 2 h showed the best catalytic performance characterized by the soot combustion temperature (T50) in contrast to samples prepared at longer duration because of the higher surface adsorbed oxygen species in its widely distributed pores.
Effetti a lungo termine dell’applicazione di ammendante compostato sulla qualità chimica e biologica di suoli agrari
Creators: name: Saviello, Giovanni
Publisher: name: Universita degli studi di Salerno
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: BIO/07 ECOLOGIA
subject: Suolo
subject: Compost
subject: Fertilità

description: 2012 - 2013
description: Il compost è un fertilizzante ottenuto dalla decomposizione biologica di rifiuti organici in condizioni controllate. Il processo di decomposizione biologica porta ad una parziale mineralizzazione dei composti organici più degradabili e favorisce l'umificazione di quelli più recalcitranti. L'utilizzo del compost in agricoltura è una strategia ampiamente utilizzata per incrementare la fertilità del suolo (aggiungendo, ad esempio, nutrienti come K, Ca, Mg, Na) e, nel contempo, evita che i rifiuti organici possano essere conferiti in discarica. L'applicazione a lungo termine del compost, tuttavia, potrebbe incrementare il rischio di accumulo di metalli pesanti nel suolo e nelle colture, e di conseguenza, per la salute umana. In un esperimento a lungo termine, un suolo agricolo mediterraneo è stato annualmente sottoposto ai seguenti trattamenti: fertilizzazione minerale NPK (MIN), ammendamento con compost (CMP) e ammendamento con compost a cui è stato aggiunto ogni anno azoto in quantità pari a metà dose utilizzata nella fertilizzazione minerale; un suolo non fertilizzato è stato utilizzato come controllo. Il totale di compost aggiunto dopo sette anni di sperimentazione è stato di 150 t/ha in CMP e 105 t/h in CMP+N/2. Sono stati valutati alcuni indicatori microbici della qualità del suolo come la biomassa microbica, la respirazione, l'attività idrolasica totale, il carbonio organico del suolo e la sua ripartizione in pool di diversa stabilità chimica; alcuni macro e micro-nutrienti ed elementi potenzialmente tossici sono stati misurati nel suolo (totale e frazione disponibile) e nelle colture. I risultati mostrano che il ripetuto ammendamento con il compost incrementa il carbonio organico del suolo; in relazione a questo cambiamento si ottiene un positivo effetto sulla fertilità biologica del suolo e sull'attività microbica rispetto ai suoli con fertilizzazione minerale. L'incremento della frazione stabile del carbonio organico del suolo sottolinea l'importanza dell'ammendamento con il compost come strategia per promuovere il sequestro del carbonio nel suolo. I risultati delle concentrazioni dei nutrienti e degli elementi potenzialmente tossici nel suolo e nelle colture dopo il 5° ed il 6 anno di sperimentazione mostrano come la ripetuta applicazione di compost non rappresenti un rischio di accumulo per le colture anzi, può fornire nutrienti alle colture come nel caso del potassio. Un approccio preliminare all'analisi molecolare della struttura della comunità microbica del suolo mostra delle differenze tra i trattamenti.- [a cura dell'autore]
Increased Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1) env Compartmentalization in the Presence of HIV-1-Associated Dementia
Creators: name: Ritola, K.
name: Fiscus, S. A.
name: Robertson, K.
name: Swanstrom, R.
name: Hall, C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2005

description: The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) surface Env protein has been implicated in the development of HIV-1-associated dementia (HAD). HIV-1 env diversity was analyzed by heteroduplex tracking assay in 27 infected subjects with various neurological statuses. env compartmentalization between the blood and cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) was apparent with all neurological categories. However, in subjects with HAD, significantly more CSF virus was represented by CNS-unique env variants. Variants specialized for replication in the CNS may play a larger role in the development of HAD. Alternatively, HAD may be associated with a more pronounced state of immunosuppression that permits more extensive replication and independent evolution within the CNS compartment.
Protokoll der Mitgliederversammlung des DAV-NRW am 01.09.2022
Creators: name: Doepner, Thomas
name: Aretz, Susanne
Publisher: name: Latein und Griechisch in Nordrhein-Westfalen
Year: 2022

description: Latein und Griechisch in Nordrhein-Westfalen, Bd. 3 Nr. 2 (2022): Texterschließung
BayesLine: Bayesian Inference for Spectral Estimation of Gravitational Wave Detector Noise
Creators: name: Littenberg, Tyson B.
name: Cornish, Neil J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gravitational wave data from ground-based detectors is dominated by instrument noise. Signals will be comparatively weak, and our understanding of the noise will influence detection confidence and signal characterization. Mis-modeled noise can produce large systematic biases in both model selection and parameter estimation. Here we introduce a multi-component, variable dimension, parameterized model to describe the Gaussian-noise power spectrum for data from ground-based gravitational wave interferometers. Called BayesLine, the algorithm models the noise power spectral density using cubic splines for smoothly varying broad-band noise and Lorentzians for narrow-band line features in the spectrum. We describe the algorithm and demonstrate its performance on data from the fifth and sixth LIGO science runs. Once fully integrated into LIGO/Virgo data analysis software, BayesLine will produce accurate spectral estimation and provide a means for marginalizing inferences drawn from the data over all plausible noise spectra.
description: 17 pages, 10 figures
Augustus und die Macht der Wörter. Die Res gestae im Unterricht
Creators: name: Schulz-Koppe, Heinz-Jürgen
Publisher: name: Latein und Griechisch in Nordrhein-Westfalen
Year: 2022

description: Latein und Griechisch in Nordrhein-Westfalen, Bd. 3 Nr. 2 (2022): Texterschließung
Legislating with the best intentions? Judicial review of the legitimacy of the legislator's aims.
Creators: name: Mortier, Tobias
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: In most democracies, judicial review of public policies from a constitutional and fundamental rights angle is a key feature of the rule of law. In Belgium, this review exercise is conducted in line with the framework behind the proportionality test, which structures the review by way of three questions: (1) was the government’s action in pursuit of a legitimate aim?; (2) was the action necessary in view of that aim?; and (3) was the action proportionate in view of that aim? The focus of this project is on the first of these questions, which further consists of two subquestions: (1) which aim did the government pursue?; and (2) was this aim legitimate? This project seeks to draft a conceptual framework that provides an answer to these two subquestions, based on a comparative analysis of the practices of the Supreme Court of the United States, the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) and the Belgian Council of State, to analyze the Belgian Constitutional Court’s practice on this point, and to subsequently tailor this framework to the analyzed practice of the Constitutional Court. This will generate substantial insight into a historically overlooked part of the proportionality test and will help guide both domestic and international courts’ approaches to purpose review.
From Coal to Nuclear: Energy, Climate, and the Future
Creators: name: Carson, Will
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: nuclear energy
subject: coal
subject: climate change
subject: heating
subject: oil crisis
subject: oil shocks
subject: optimism
subject: charitable giving
subject: philanthropy

description: Will Carson interviews his grandfather Herb McKenzie about his experience of energy growing up in Savannah, Georgia and his perspective on climate, energy, and the future. McKenzie discusses his childhood, recalling his family's reliance on coal for heat and his own experiences gathering coal. He also reflects on the possibilities of nuclear power and describes his memories of oil shortages in the 1970s. McKenzie discusses whether there is a role for charitable giving to promote energy transitions and explains differences between America and other countries. He also suggests reframing the discussion about climate change, by switching to talking about climate "transitions" and being more optimistic. McKenzie concludes by discussing public opinions of nuclear energy.
title: Validation of the 22-day honey bee larval toxicity, repeated (chronic) exposure study design
Creators: name: Schmehl, Daniel
name: Hinarejos, Silvia
name: Ellis, Jamie
name: Clarke, Stephen
Publisher: name: Julius Kühn-Institut
Year: 2018

description: Assessing the chronic toxicity of a compound to developing honey bees (Apis mellifera L.) has proven to be a challenge since the mid-2000s. Such data are requested by global regulatory authorities so they can evaluate the risk of compounds to larval honey bees when exposure is likely to occur in the environment. Poor test performance has led to frequent study failures and data uncertainty. Here we highlight a recent effort by the Pollinator Research Task Force (PRTF)1 to validate the use of a method for evaluating the chronic toxicity of a compound (e.g., a pesticide) to an immature honey bee for use in a risk assessment. A ring test protocol was selected and based upon the current OECD guidance document No. 2392 with amendments developed at the University of Florida (Schmehl et al. 2016)3. Fifteen independent laboratories on three continents representing government, academia, and industry followed the same testing protocol to:
1) determine if test performance is robust across different geographic regions and different laboratory personnel and
2) identify limitations associated with the methodology.
The control performance criteria for a valid test according to OECD GD 239 is ≥ 85% survival at the end of the larval development and ≥ 70% survival through adult emergence. Thirteen trials (81.3%) satisfied the validity criteria and the test design’s performance was determined adequate for regulatory testing. The toxic reference chemical (dimethoate) had a consistent response with a 22-day EC 50 range of 8-22 μg active substance (a.s.)/g diet. An acetone concentration at the maximum concentration allowed by the OECD GD 239 (2% acetone) was observed to be problematic to test performance. In conclusion, the ring test methods based upon the OECD GD 239 demonstrated that the repeat (chronic) exposure of a compound on developing bees can be successfully conducted. A copy of the full study report4 can be accessed here.
description: Julius-Kühn-Archiv, Nr. 462 (2018): Hazards of pesticides to bees 13th International Symposium of the ICP-PR Bee Protection Group 18. - 20. October 2017, València (Spain) - Proceedings -
Infection of Ciliated Cells by Human Parainfluenza Virus Type 3 in an In Vitro Model of Human Airway Epithelium
Creators: name: Bukreyev, A.
name: Pickles, R. J.
name: Watson, B.
name: Collins, P. L.
name: Zhang, L.
name: Thompson, C. I.
name: Peeples, M. E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2005

description: We constructed a human recombinant parainfluenza virus type 3 (rPIV3) that expresses enhanced green fluorescent protein (GFP) and used this virus, rgPIV3, to characterize PIV3 infection of an established in vitro model of human pseudostratified mucociliary airway epithelium (HAE). The apical surface of HAE was highly susceptible to rgPIV3 infection, whereas only occasional cells were infected when virus was applied to the basolateral surface. Infection involved exclusively ciliated epithelial cells. There was little evidence of virus-mediated cytopathology and no spread of the virus beyond the ciliated cell types. Infection of ciliated cells by rgPIV3 was sensitive to a neuraminidase specific for α2-6-linked sialic acid residues, but not to a neuraminidase that cleaves α2-3- and α2-8-linked sialic acid residues. This provided evidence that rgPIV3 utilizes α2-6-linked sialic acid residues for initiating infection, a specificity also described for human influenza viruses. The PIV3 fusion (F) glycoprotein was trafficked exclusively to the apical surface of ciliated cells, which also was the site of release of progeny virus. F glycoprotein localized predominately to the membranes of the cilial shafts, suggesting that progeny viruses may bud from cilia per se. The polarized trafficking of F glycoprotein to the apical surface also likely restricts its interaction with neighboring cells and could account for the observed lack of cell-cell fusion. HAE derived from cystic fibrosis patients was not more susceptible to rgPIV3 infection but did exhibit limited spread of virus due to impaired movement of lumenal secretions due to compromised function of the cilia.
Water-splitting photoelectrodes consisting of heterojunctions of carbon nitride with a p-type low bandgap double perovskite oxide
Creators: name: Laishram, Devika
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: 30199 Analytical Chemistry not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 30402 Biomolecular Modelling and Design
subject: 30401 Biologically Active Molecules
subject: 30201 Bioinorganic Chemistry
subject: 30602 Chemical Thermodynamics and Energetics
subject: Crystallography
subject: 30604 Electrochemistry

description: Quinary and senary non-stoichiometric double perovskites such as Ba2Ca0.66Nb1.34−xFexO6−δ (BCNF) have been utilized for gas sensing, solid oxide fuel cells and thermochemical CO2 reduction. Herein, we examined their potential as narrow bandgap semiconductors for use in solar energy harvesting. A cobalt co-doped BCNF, Ba2Ca0.66Nb0.68Fe0.33Co0.33O6−δ (BCNFCo), exhibited an optical absorption edge at ∼800 nm, p-type conduction and a distinct photoresponse up to 640 nm while demonstrating high thermochemical stability. A nanocomposite of BCNFCo and g-C3N4 (CN) was prepared via a facile solvent-assisted exfoliation/blending approach using dichlorobenzene and glycerol at a moderate temperature. The exfoliation of g-C3N4 followed by wrapping on perovskite established an effective heterojunction between the materials for charge separation. The conjugated 2D sheets of CN enabled better charge migration resulting in increased photoelectrochemical performance. A blend composed of 40 wt% perovskites and CN performed optimally, whilst achieving a photocurrent density as high as 1.5 mA cm−2 for sunlight-driven water-splitting with a Faradaic efficiency as high as ∼88%.
Atomic Scale Investigation of Dye Sensitized Solar Cells_Interface Structure and Dynamics
Creators: name: Ma, Wei
name: Zhang, Fan
name: Meng, Sheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSC), built upon organic/inorganic hybrid materials, are promising third generation solar cells, which attract wide attentions due to their low-cost, flexibility and environment-friendly properties. We review recent progresses in DSC research, focusing on atomic-scale investigations of the interface electronic structures and dynamical processes, including dye adsorption structure onto TiO2, ultrafast electron injection, hot-electron injection, multiple-exciton generation and electron-hole recombination. We briefly summarize advanced experimental techniques and theoretical approaches investigating these interface electronic properties and dynamics, and then introduce progressive achievements in the photovoltaic device optimization based on insights obtained from atomic scale investigations. Finally, some challenges and opportunities for further improvement of dye solar cells are presented.
description: 20 pages 7 figures
Interferon Regulatory Factor 5 Represses Expression of the Epstein-Barr Virus Oncoprotein LMP1: Braking of the IRF7/LMP1 Regulatory Circuit
Creators: name: Ning, S.
name: Pagano, J. S.
name: Huye, L. E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2005

description: We have reported evidence for a positive regulatory circuit between interferon regulatory factor 7 (IRF7) and the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) oncoprotein 1 (LMP1) (S. Ning, A. M. Hahn, and J. S. Pagano, J. Virol. 77:9359-9368, 2003). To explore a possible braking mechanism for this circuit, several type II EBV-infected cell lines that express different levels of LMP1 and IRF7 proteins and therefore are convenient for studying modulation of expression of LMP1 were analyzed. Endogenous levels of IRF7 and LMP1 were directly correlated. Transient expression of an IRF7 dominant-negative mutant decreased LMP1 levels. Endogenous IRF5 and IRF7 proteins were shown to physically associate in EBV-positive cells. Transient expression of IRF5 decreased activation of the LMP1 promoter by IRF7 in a dose-dependent manner. Finally, transfection of either an IRF5 dominant-negative construct or IRF5 small interfering RNA in these cells resulted in increases in endogenous levels of LMP1. These results indicate that IRF5 can downregulate IRF7's induction of expression of LMP1 most likely by interacting with IRF7 and provide a means of modulating a regulatory circuit between IRF7 and LMP1.
L’evoluzione del regime degli scambi nel commercio internazionale agroalimentare: dal GATT alla Wto
Creators: name: Guariglia, Antonio
Publisher: name: Universita' degli Studi di Salerno
Year: 2008
Subjects: GATT
WTO
Doha Round
Agri-food products
International trade
Protectionism

description: Tra le due guerre mondiali hanno prevalso le politiche protezionistiche, ma, dalla fine della seconda, la regolamentazione e la progressiva liberalizzazione degli scambi nel commercio internazionale sono state perseguite soprattutto dai Paesi ad economia di mercato, attraverso il foro negoziale costituito dal General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade( GATT) prima e dal Wto dopo.
Interferon Regulatory Factor 7 Is Negatively Regulated by the Epstein-Barr Virus Immediate-Early Gene, BZLF-1
Creators: name: Pagano, J. S.
name: Hahn, A. M.
name: Ning, S.
name: Webster-Cyriaque, J.
name: Huye, L. E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2005

description: Virus infection stimulates potent antiviral responses; specifically, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection induces and activates interferon regulatory factor 7 (IRF-7), which is essential for production of alpha/beta interferons (IFN-α/β) and upregulates expression of Tap-2. Here we present evidence that during cytolytic viral replication the immediate-early EBV protein BZLF-1 counteracts effects of IRF-7 that are central to host antiviral responses. We initiated these studies by examining IRF-7 protein expression in vivo in lesions of hairy leukoplakia (HLP) in which there is abundant EBV replication but the expected inflammatory infiltrate is absent. This absence might predict that factors involved in the antiviral response are absent or inactive. First, we detected significant levels of IRF-7 in the nucleus, as well as in the cytoplasm, of cells in HLP lesions. IRF-7 activity in cell lines during cytolytic viral replication was examined by assay of the IRF-7-responsive promoters, IFN-α4, IFN-β, and Tap-2, as well as of an IFN-stimulated response element (ISRE)-containing reporter construct. These reporter constructs showed consistent reduction of activity during lytic replication. Both endogenous and transiently expressed IRF-7 and EBV BZLF-1 proteins physically associate in cell culture, although BZLF-1 had no effect on the nuclear localization of IRF-7. However, IRF-7-dependent activity of the IFN-α4, IFN-β, and Tap-2 promoters, as well as an ISRE promoter construct, was inhibited by BZLF-1. This inhibition occurred in the absence of other EBV proteins and was independent of IFN signaling. Expression of BZLF-1 also inhibited activation of IRF-7 by double-stranded RNA, as well as the activity of a constitutively active mutant form of IRF-7. Negative regulation of IRF-7 by BZLF-1 required the activation domain but not the DNA-binding domain of BZLF-1. Thus, EBV may subvert cellular antiviral responses and immune detection by blocking the activation of IFN-α4, IFN-β, and Tap-2 by IRF-7 through the medium of BZLF-1 as a negative regulator.
Inside Cover: Zinc Oxide–Titania Heterojunction‐based Solid Nanospheres as Photoanodes for Electron‐Trapping in Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells (Energy Technol. 3/2017)
Creators: name: Laishram, Devika
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 30201 Bioinorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 30199 Analytical Chemistry not elsewhere classified
subject: 30101 Analytical Spectrometry
subject: 30402 Biomolecular Modelling and Design
subject: 30403 Characterisation of Biological Macromolecules
subject: 30301 Chemical Characterisation of Materials

description: Hierarchical TiO2/ZnO nanospheres: The cover image shows a schematic of synthesized TiO2 nanospheres and the changes brought about by the incorporation of ZnO. The ZnO/TiO2 nanospheres are aggregates of crystallites of ZnO that are uniformly dispersed over TiO2 to make heterojunctions. This study describes the different doping percentages tested with the optimized value of 1 % showing the best efficiency and the highest porous surface area among the samples. The spherical morphology of the synthesized material provides good light harvesting by efficiently trapping electrons. Moreover, this arrangement leads to increased electron carrier density, leading to highly efficient solar cells. More details can be found in the Full Paper by Kiran P. Shejale, Devika Laishram, Ritu Gupta, and Rakesh K. Sharma from the Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur on page 489 in Issue 3, 2017 (DOI: 10.1002/ente.201600357).
Ordered Processing of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 GagPol Precursor Is Influenced by the Context of the Embedded Viral Protease
Creators: name: Jeung, J. A.
name: Clemente, J. C.
name: Dunn, B. M.
name: Kaplan, A. H.
name: Pettit, S. C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2005

description: Ordered and accurate processing of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) GagPol polyprotein precursor by a virally encoded protease is an indispensable step in the appropriate assembly of infectious viral particles. The HIV-1 protease (PR) is a 99-amino-acid enzyme that is translated as part of the GagPol precursor. Previously, we have demonstrated that the initial events in precursor processing are accomplished by the PR domain within GagPol in cis, before it is released from the polyprotein. Despite the critical role that ordered processing of the precursor plays in viral replication, the forces that define the order of cleavage remain poorly understood. Using an in vitro assay in which the full-length HIV-1 GagPol is processed by the embedded PR, we examined the effect of PR context (embedded within GagPol versus the mature 99-amino-acid enzyme) on precursor processing. Our data demonstrate that the PR domain within GagPol is constrained in its ability to cleave some of the processing sites in the precursor. Further, we find that this constraint is dependent upon the presence of a proline as the initial amino acid in the embedded PR; substitution of an alanine at this position produces enhanced cleavage at additional sites when the precursor is processed by the embedded, but not the mature, PR. Overall, our data support a model in which the selection of processing sites and the order of precursor processing are defined, at least in part, by the structure of GagPol itself.
Optical Counterparts of Two Fermi Millisecond Pulsars: PSR J1301+0833 and PSR J1628-3205
Creators: name: Li, Miao
name: Halpern, Jules P.
name: Thorstensen, John R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the 1.3m and 2.4m telescopes of the MDM Observatory, we identified the close companions of two eclipsing millisecond radio pulsars discovered by the Green Bank Telescope in searches of Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope sources, and measured their light curves. PSR J1301+0833 is a black widow pulsar in a 6.5 hr orbit whose companion star is strongly heated on the side facing the pulsar. It varies from R = 21.8 to R > 24 around the orbit. PSR J1628-3205 is a "redback," a nearly Roche-lobe filling system in a 5.0 hr orbit whose optical modulation in the range 19.0 < R < 19.4 is dominated by strong ellipsoidal variations, indicating a large orbital inclination angle. PSR J1628-3205 also shows evidence for a long-term variation of about 0.2 mag, and an asymmetric temperature distribution possibly due to either off-center heating by the pulsar wind, or large starspots. Modelling of its light curve restricts the inclination angle to i > 55 degrees, the mass of the companion to 0.16 < M_c < 0.30 M_sun, and the effective temperature to 3560 < T_eff < 4670 K. As is the case for several redbacks, the companion of PSR J1628-3205 is less dense and hotter than a main-sequence star of the same mass.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
'Mit/Textpuzzle/einem/Textverständnis/zum'
Creators: name: Brauckmann, Sarah
Publisher: name: Latein und Griechisch in Nordrhein-Westfalen
Year: 2022

description: Latein und Griechisch in Nordrhein-Westfalen, Bd. 3 Nr. 2 (2022): Texterschließung
Critical temperature of MgB$_2$ ultrathin superconducting films: BCS model calculations in tight-binding approximation
Creators: name: Szałowski, Karol
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop the multi-band BCS model of superconductivity in the ultrathin films using the orthogonal tight-binding approximation for constructing the electron wavefunctions. This allows for relatively simple determination of the band structure near the Fermi level as well as the electron-electron interaction matrix elements of the BCS type. The model is applied to the ultrathin MgB$_2$(0001) films, for which the critical temperature values are calculated in the thickness range 2...10 MgB$_2$ layers. The importance of the boundary conditions is emphasised, as either boron or magnesium layers may cover the film. It is found that films thinner than 4 layers show substantial decrease in the critical temperature. The charge spillage outside the geometric boundaries of the film, which is allowed in our model, suppresses $T_c$ oscillations and weakens its dependence on film covering layer composition.
QIYIN XAYOTIY VAZIYATDA QOLGAN TALABALAR PSIXOLOGIK FAROVONLIGI PSIXOKORREKSIYASINING DOLZARB MUAMMOLARI
Creators: name: Abdukadirova, L.Yu.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Ushbu maqolada qiyin xayotiy vaziyatda qolgan talabalarning psixologik farovonligini rivojlantirishga oid uchta komponentdan iborat boʻlgan dastur modeli, xamda uning tarkibiga kirgan amaliy psixologik usullar, psixologik mashq va oʻyinlar taklif etilgan.
Zinc Oxide–Titania Heterojunction‐based Solid Nanospheres as Photoanodes for Electron‐Trapping in Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells
Creators: name: Laishram, Devika
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 30201 Bioinorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 30199 Analytical Chemistry not elsewhere classified
subject: 30402 Biomolecular Modelling and Design
subject: 30601 Catalysis and Mechanisms of Reactions
subject: 30403 Characterisation of Biological Macromolecules

description: Agile nanostructure architectures and smart combinations of semiconducting metal oxide materials are key features of high-performing dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). Herein, we synthesize mesoporous solid nanospheres of ZnO–TiO2 with type-II heterojunction and use these as an efficient photoanode material for excellent photoconversion. These polydisperse aggregates doped with 1 %, 5 %, and 10 % of ZnO exhibit improved solar cell performance with respect to pristine TiO2 under AM 1.5 G. The 1 % ZnO doped TiO2 nanosphere possess high specific surface area (84.23 m2 g−1) as a photoanode and shows high photoconversion efficiency of about 8.07 % with ca. 18 % improvement in the photocurrent density (Jsc) compare to TiO2 nanosphere. The improved solar cell performance (Δη=40 %) of ZnO decorated TiO2 nanospheres is ascribed to type-II heterojunction of ZnO–TiO2, that reduces the electron recombination and synergistically enhances the electron mobility and charge collection capability.
A Spectral Analysis Method for Automated Generation of Quantum-Accurate Interatomic Potentials
Creators: name: Thompson, Aidan P.
name: Swiler, Laura P.
name: Trott, Christian R.
name: Foiles, Stephen M.
name: Tucker, Garritt J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new interatomic potential for solids and liquids called Spectral Neighbor Analysis Potential (SNAP). The SNAP potential has a very general form and uses machine-learning techniques to reproduce the energies, forces, and stress tensors of a large set of small configurations of atoms, which are obtained using high-accuracy quantum electronic structure (QM) calculations. The local environment of each atom is characterized by a set of bispectrum components of the local neighbor density projected on to a basis of hyperspherical harmonics in four dimensions. The bispectrum components are the same bond-orientational order parameters employed by the GAP potential [arXiv:0910.1019]. The SNAP potential, unlike GAP, assumes a linear relationship between atom energy and bispectrum components. The linear SNAP coefficients are determined using weighted least-squares linear regression against the full QM training set. This allows the SNAP potential to be fit in a robust, automated manner to large QM data sets using many bispectrum coefficients.
Nachruf auf Hellmut Flashar
Creators: name: Aretz, Susanne
name: Andreae, Bernard
name: Zimmermann, Christiane
name: Lukas, Randolf
Publisher: name: Latein und Griechisch in Nordrhein-Westfalen
Year: 2022

description: Latein und Griechisch in Nordrhein-Westfalen, Bd. 3 Nr. 2 (2022): Texterschließung
Packaging Capacity of Adeno-Associated Virus Serotypes: Impact of Larger Genomes on Infectivity and Postentry Steps
Creators: name: Samulski, R. J.
name: Grieger, J. C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2005

description: The limited packaging capacity of adeno-associated virus (AAV) precludes the design of vectors for the treatment of diseases associated with larger genes. Autonomous parvoviruses, such as minute virus of mice and B19, while identical in size (25 nm), are known to package larger genomes of 5.1 and 5.6 kb, respectively, compared to AAV genomes of 4.7 kb. One primary difference is the fact that wild-type (wt) AAV utilizes three capsid subunits instead of two to form the virion shell. In this study, we have characterized the packaging capacity of AAV serotypes 1 through 5 with and without the Vp2 subunit. Using reporter transgene cassettes that range in size from 4.4 to 6.0 kb, we determined that serotypes 1 through 5 with and without Vp2 could successfully package, replicate in, and transduce cells. Dot blot analysis established that packaging efficiency was similar for all vector cassettes and that the integrity of encapsidated genomes was intact regardless of size. Although physical characterization determined that virion structures were indistinguishable from wt, transduction experiments determined that all serotype vectors carrying larger genomes (5.3 kb and higher) transduced cells less efficiently (within a log) than AAV encapsidating wt size genomes. This result was not unique to reporter genes and was observed for CFTR vector cassettes ranging in size from 5.1 to 5.9 kb. No apparent advantage in packaging efficiency was observed when Vp2 was present or absent from the virion. Further analysis determined that a postentry step was responsible for the block in infection and specific treatment of cells upon infection with proteasome inhibitors increased transduction of AAV encapsidating larger DNA templates to wt levels, suggesting a preferential degradation of virions encapsidating larger-than-wt genomes. This study illustrates that AAV is capable of packaging and protecting recombinant genomes as large as 6.0 kb but the larger genome-containing virions are preferentially degraded by the proteasome and that this block can be overcome by the addition of proteasome inhibitors.
Nickel and cobalt transfigured natural clay: a green catalyst for low-temperature catalytic soot oxidation
Creators: name: Laishram, Devika
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 30199 Analytical Chemistry not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 30401 Biologically Active Molecules
subject: 30403 Characterisation of Biological Macromolecules
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 30101 Analytical Spectrometry
subject: 30102 Electroanalytical Chemistry

description: Soot particulates in engine exhausts pose a severe threat to the environment and human health – causing cancer, affecting the heart and lungs and drives metal processes. This study proposes a practical, real-world application of transition metal modified natural clay as an environmentally benign, low-cost, green catalyst for soot oxidation. Ni and Co (NC-Clay) incorporated natural clay catalysts were prepared by a simple wet impregnation method and meticulously characterized by different characterization techniques. The catalyst exhibited higher H2 absorption at a lower temperature with similar trends as observed in O2 TPD that indicated a remarkable redox property, which is useful for applications as a catalyst in soot oxidation. Excellent catalytic activity with a very low T50 of 358 °C was observed and can be accredited to the improved surface oxygen vacancies and thermal stability by the metal modification of clay
USING SWARM INTELLIGENCE TECHNIQUE IN RZLEACH FOR WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS
Creators: name: Kumar, Devender
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Wireless communication systems and technologies (incl. microwave and millimetrewave)

description: Sensors are placed in random fashion i.e. with no planning in the region under examination, so in this case to be able to communicate with entire network they must adjust themselves means they must configured themselves. Sensor nodes possess a negative characteristic of limited energy which pulls back the network from exploiting its peak capabilities. Hence, it is necessary to gather and transfer the information in an optimized way which reduces the energy dissipation. In this review paper we analyse the cluster head selection using neural network and routing is done via ant colony optimization technique.
Restriction of Feline Immunodeficiency Virus by Ref1, Lv1, and Primate TRIM5  Proteins
Creators: name: Poeschla, E. M.
name: Teo, W.
name: Olsen, J. C.
name: Saenz, D. T.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2005

description: The Ref1 and Lv1 postentry restrictions in human and monkey cells have been analyzed for lentiviruses in the primate and ungulate groups, but no data exist for the third (feline) group. We compared feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) to other restricted (human immunodeficiency virus type 1 [HIV-1], equine infectious anemia virus [EIAV]) and unrestricted (NB-tropic murine leukemia virus [NB-MLV]) retroviruses across wide ranges of viral inputs in cells from multiple primate and nonprimate species. We also characterized restrictions conferred to permissive feline and canine cells engineered to express rhesus and human TRIM5α proteins and performed RNA interference (RNAi) against endogenous TRIM5α. We find that expression of rhesus or human TRIM5α proteins in feline cells restricts FIV, impairing pseudotyped vector transduction and viral replication, but rhesus TRIM5α is more restricting than human TRIM5α. Notably, however, canine cells did not support restriction by human TRIM5α and supported minimal restriction by rhesus TRIM5α, suggesting that these proteins may not function autonomously or that a canine factor interferes. Stable RNAi knockdown of endogenous rhesus TRIM5α resulted in marked increases in FIV and HIV-1 infectivities while having no effect on NB-MLV. A panel of nonprimate cell lines varied widely in susceptibility to lentiviral vector transduction, but normalized FIV and HIV-1 vectors varied concordantly. In contrast, in human and monkey cells, relative restriction of FIV compared to HIV-1 varied from none to substantial, with the greatest relative infectivity deficit for FIV vectors observed in human T-cell lines. Endogenous and introduced TRIM5α restrictions of FIV could be titrated by coinfections with FIV, HIV-1, or EIAV virus-like particles. Arsenic trioxide had complex and TRIM5α-independent enhancing effects on lentiviral but not NB-MLV infection. Implications for human gene therapy are discussed.
Einladung zur Mitarbeit
Creators: name: Sauer, Jochen
name: Doepner, Thomas
Publisher: name: Latein und Griechisch in Nordrhein-Westfalen
Year: 2022

description: Latein und Griechisch in Nordrhein-Westfalen, Bd. 3 Nr. 2 (2022): Texterschließung
Development and Uses of Upper-division Conceptual Assessment
Creators: name: Wilcox, Bethany R.
name: Caballero, Marcos D.
name: Baily, Charles
name: Sadaghiani, Homeyra
name: Chasteen, Stephanie V.
name: Ryan, Qing X.
name: Pollock, Steven J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The use of validated conceptual assessments alongside more standard course exams has become standard practice for the introductory courses in many physics departments. These assessments provide a more standard measure of certain learning goals, allowing for comparisons of student learning across instructors, semesters, and institutions. Researchers at the University of Colorado Boulder have developed several similar assessments designed to target the more advanced physics content of upper-division classical mechanics, electrostatics, quantum mechanics, and electrodynamics. Here, we synthesize the existing research on our upper-division assessments and discuss some of the barriers and challenges associated with developing, validating, and implementing these assessments as well as some of the strategies we have used to overcome these barriers.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures, submitted to the Phys. Rev. ST - PER Focused collection on Upper-division PER
EmbryoNet base model
Creators: name: Capek, Daniel
name: Safroshkin, Matvey
name: Morales, Hernan
name: Arutyunov, Grigory
name: Nikan Toulany
name: Mueller, Patrick
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: bioimage.io
bioimage.io:model
classification
resnet-18
embryology
onnx
embryo
developmental-biology

description: Download RDF Package
EmbryoNet models To test our model, first please install bioimageIO toolkit, and then run the following commands cd to EmbryoNet/GUI/Default_Models/ZebraFish/bioImage_embryonet bioimageio validate rdf.yaml bioimageio test-model rdf.yaml bioimageio predict-image rdf.yaml --inputs input_test_image.npy --inputs input_test_time_for_conv.npy --inputs input_test_time_for_fc.npy --outputs outputResutl.npy More information about models could be found at our website embryonet.de.
 Source code is available at https://github.com/mueller-lab/EmbryoNet.
description: EmbryoNet Model by embryoNet Team (Uploaded via https://bioimage.io)