cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Migdal-Eliashberg theory of multi-band high-temperature superconductivity in field-effect-doped hydrogenated (111) diamond
Creators: name: Romanin, Davide
name: Ummarino, Giovanni A.
name: Piatti, Erik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform single- and multi-band Migdal-Eliashberg (ME) calculations with parameters exctracted from density functional theory (DFT) simulations to study superconductivity in the electric-field-induced 2-dimensional hole gas at the hydrogenated (111) diamond surface. We show that according to the Eliashberg theory it is possible to induce a high-T$_{\text{c}}$ superconducting phase when the system is field-effect doped to a surface hole concentration of $6\times10^{14}\,$cm$^{-2}$, where the Fermi level crosses three valence bands. Starting from the band-resolved electron-phonon spectral functions $α^2F_{jj'}(ω)$ computed ab initio, we iteratively solve the self-consistent isotropic Migdal-Eliashberg equations, in both the single-band and the multi-band formulations, in the approximation of a constant density of states at the Fermi level. In the single-band formulation, we find T$_{\text{c}}\approx40\,$K, which is enhanced between $4\%$ and $8\%$ when the multi-band nature of the system is taken into account. We also compute the multi-band-sensistive quasiparticle density of states to act as a guideline for future experimental works.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
Triton binding energy with realistic precision
Creators: name: Perez, R. Navarro
name: Garrido, E.
name: Amaro, J. E.
name: Arriola, E. Ruiz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the binding energy of triton with realistic statistical errors stemming from NN scattering data uncertainties and the deuteron and obtain $E_t=-7.638(15) \, {\rm MeV}$. Setting the numerical precision as $ΔE_t^{\rm num} \lesssim 1 \, {\rm keV}$ we obtain the statistical error $ΔE_t^{\rm stat}= 15(1) \, {\rm keV}$ which is mainly determined by the channels involving relative S-waves. This figure reflects the uncertainty of the input NN data, more than two orders of magnitude larger than the experimental precision $ΔE_t^{\rm exp}= 0.1 \, {\rm keV}$ and provides a bottleneck in the realistic precision that can be reached. This suggests an important reduction in the numerical precision and hence in the computational effort.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure, 1 table
title: Μοντελοποίηση έξυπνων δικτύων διανομής με κατανεμημένους ενεργειακούς πόρους και έξυπνα φορτία
title: Modelling of smart distribution networks with distributed energy sources and smart loads
Creators: name: Χατζής Θωμάς
Publisher: name: Technical University of Crete
Year: 2023

description: Στη παρούσα διπλωματική εργασία παρουσιάζονται και αναλύονται τα δομικά στοιχεία που απαρτίζουν το έξυπνο δίκτυο. Τα κύρια στοιχεία του έξυπνου δικτύου είναι: το σύστημα παραγωγής ενέργειας από ανανεώσιμες πηγές, το σύστημα αποθήκευσης ηλεκτρικής ενέργειας με μπαταριές, τα έξυπνα φορτία και το δίκτυο διανομής ενέργειας. Επιπλέον, γίνεται η μοντελοποίηση και προσομοίωση λειτουργίας ενός έξυπνου δικτύου διασυνδεδεμένου με το δίκτυο ηλεκτρικής ενέργειας με διαφορετικά σενάρια παραγωγής και παροχής ηλεκτρικής ενέργειας από τις ανανεώσιμες πηγές ενέργειας και το δίκτυο αντίστοιχα.
description: This thesis presents and analyses, the structural elements that make up the smart grid. The main components of the smart grid are: the renewable energy generation system, the battery electricity storage system, the smart loads and the energy distribution network. What is more, the operation of a smart grid, interconnected with power grid, is modeled and simulated in different scenarios of electricity generation and supply from renewable energy sources and the grid respectively.
Simultaneous sequencing of oxidized methylcytosines produced by TET/JBP dioxygenases in Coprinopsis cinerea
Creators: name: Rao, Anjana
name: Pastor, William A.
name: Agarwal, Suneet
name: Luong, Khai
name: Clark, Tyson A.
name: Iyer, Lakshminarayan M.
name: Huang, Yun
name: Wang, Yinsheng
name: Frazier-Bowers, Sylvia A.
name: Tahiliani, Mamta
name: Pukkila, Patricia J.
name: Chavez, Lukas
name: Korol, Evgenia
name: Hench, Virginia K.
name: Liu, Shuo
name: Aravind, L.
name: Korlach, Jonas
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: A prominent epigenetic mechanism for gene regulation is methylation of cytosine bases in DNA. TET enzymes facilitate DNA demethylation by converting 5-methylcytosine (5mC) to oxidized methylcytosines (oxi-mCs). We show that oxi-mCs are generated by conserved TET/JBP enzymes encoded in the genome of the model organism Coprinopsis cinerea and present a method for simultaneous mapping of the three different species of oxi-mCs at near–base-pair resolution. We observe that centromeres and transposable elements exhibit distinctive patterns of 5mC and oxi-mC, and show that gene body 5mC and oxi-mC mark silent paralogous multicopy genes. Our study describes a method to map three species of oxi-mC simultaneously and reveals the colocation of 5mC and oxi-mC at functional elements throughout the C. cinerea genome.
Polynomial Superlevel Set Representation of the Multistationarity Region of Chemical Reaction Networks
Creators: name: Sadeghimanesh, AmirHosein
name: England, Matthew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper we introduce a new representation for the multistationarity region of a reaction network, using polynomial superlevel sets. The advantages of using this polynomial superlevel set representation over the already existing representations (cylindrical algebraic decompositions, numeric sampling, rectangular divisions) is discussed, and algorithms to compute this new representation are provided. The results are given for the general mathematical formalism of a parametric system of equations and so may be applied to other application domains.
description: 27 pages, 9 figures
Coleman-Gurtin type equations with dynamic boundary conditions
Creators: name: Gal, Ciprian G.
name: Shomberg, Joseph L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35B25, 35B40, 35B41, 35K57, 37L30, 45K05

description: We present a new formulation and generalization of the classical theory of heat conduction with or without fading memory which includes the usual heat equation subject to a dynamic boundary condition as a special case. We investigate the well-posedness of systems which consist of Coleman-Gurtin type equations subject to dynamic boundary conditions, also with memory. Nonlinear terms are defined on the interior of the domain and on the boundary and subject to either classical dissipation assumptions, or to a nonlinear balance condition in the sense of [11]. Additionally, we do not assume that the interior and the boundary share the same memory kernel.
description: 27 pages; to appear in Physica D: Nonlinear Phenomena
Single-molecule correlated chemical probing of RNA
Creators: name: Kursun, O.
name: Homan, P. J.
name: Weeks, K. M.
name: Favorov, O. V.
name: Busan, S.
name: Ge, X.
name: Lavender, C. A.
name: Dokholyan, N. V.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: RNA molecules function as the central conduit of information transfer in biology. To do this, they encode information both in their sequences and in their higher-order structures. Understanding the higher-order structure of RNA remains challenging. In this work we devise a simple, experimentally concise, and accurate approach for examining higher-order RNA structure by converting widely used massively parallel sequencing into an easily implemented single-molecule experiment for detecting through-space interactions and multiple conformations. We then use this experiment to analyze higher-order RNA structure, detect biologically important hidden states, and refine accurate three-dimensional structure models.
Event-Driven Technologies for Reactive Motion Planning: Neuromorphic Stereo Vision and Robot Path Planning and Their Application on Parallel Hardware
Creators: name: Steffen, Lea
Publisher: name: Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT)
Year: 2023
Subjects: robotic motion planning
Spiking Neural Networks
Self-Organizing Networks
Neuromorphic hardware
Event-based camera
stereo vision

description: Die Robotik wird immer mehr zu einem Schlüsselfaktor des technischen Aufschwungs. Trotz beeindruckender Fortschritte in den letzten Jahrzehnten, übertreffen Gehirne von Säugetieren in den Bereichen Sehen und Bewegungsplanung noch immer selbst die leistungsfähigsten Maschinen. Industrieroboter sind sehr schnell und präzise, aber ihre Planungsalgorithmen sind in hochdynamischen Umgebungen, wie sie für die Mensch-Roboter-Kollaboration (MRK) erforderlich sind, nicht leistungsfähig genug. Ohne schnelle und adaptive Bewegungsplanung kann sichere MRK nicht garantiert werden. Neuromorphe Technologien, einschließlich visueller Sensoren und Hardware-Chips, arbeiten asynchron und verarbeiten so raum-zeitliche Informationen sehr effizient. Insbesondere ereignisbasierte visuelle Sensoren sind konventionellen, synchronen Kameras bei vielen Anwendungen bereits überlegen. Daher haben ereignisbasierte Methoden ein großes Potenzial, schnellere und energieeffizientere Algorithmen zur Bewegungssteuerung in der MRK zu ermöglichen. In dieser Arbeit wird ein Ansatz zur flexiblen reaktiven Bewegungssteuerung eines Roboterarms vorgestellt. Dabei wird die Exterozeption durch ereignisbasiertes Stereosehen erreicht und die Pfadplanung ist in einer neuronalen Repräsentation des Konfigurationsraums implementiert. Die Multiview-3D-Rekonstruktion wird durch eine qualitative Analyse in Simulation evaluiert und auf ein Stereo-System ereignisbasierter Kameras übertragen. Zur Evaluierung der reaktiven kollisionsfreien Online-Planung wird ein Demonstrator mit einem industriellen Roboter genutzt. Dieser wird auch für eine vergleichende Studie zu sample-basierten Planern verwendet. Ergänzt wird dies durch einen Benchmark von parallelen Hardwarelösungen wozu als Testszenario Bahnplanung in der Robotik gewählt wurde. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die vorgeschlagenen neuronalen Lösungen einen effektiven Weg zur Realisierung einer Robotersteuerung für dynamische Szenarien darstellen. Diese Arbeit schafft eine Grundlage für neuronale Lösungen bei adaptiven Fertigungsprozesse, auch in Zusammenarbeit mit dem Menschen, ohne Einbußen bei Geschwindigkeit und Sicherheit. Damit ebnet sie den Weg für die Integration von dem Gehirn nachempfundener Hardware und Algorithmen in die Industrierobotik und MRK.
Optimization of Schwinger pair production in colliding laser pulses
Creators: name: Hebenstreit, Florian
name: Fillion-Gourdeau, François
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent studies of Schwinger pair production have demonstrated that the asymptotic particle spectrum is extremely sensitive to the applied field profile. We extend the idea of the dynamically assisted Schwinger effect from single pulse profiles to more realistic field configurations to be generated in an all-optical experiment searching for pair creation. We use the quantum kinetic approach to study the particle production and employ a multi-start method, combined with optimal control theory, to determine a set of parameters for which the particle yield in the forward direction in momentum space is maximized. We argue that this strategy can be used to enhance the signal of pair production on a given detector in an experimental setup.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
Surface Defects from Fractional Branes -- I
Creators: name: Ashok, S. K.
name: Billo, M.
name: Frau, M.
name: Lerda, A.
name: Mahato, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the Gukov-Witten monodromy defects of supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory can be realized in perturbative string theory by considering an orbifold background of the Kanno-Tachikawa type and placing stacks of fractional D3-branes whose world-volume partially extends along the orbifold directions. In particular, we show that turning on a constant background value for some scalar fields in the closed string twisted sectors induces a non-trivial profile for the gauge field and one of the complex scalars of the world-volume theory, and that this profile exactly matches the singular behavior that one expects for a Gukov-Witten surface defect in the $\mathcal{N}=4$ super Yang-Mills theory. To keep the presentation as simple as possible, in this work we restrict our analysis to surface defects corresponding to a $\mathbb{Z}_2$ orbifold and defer the study of the most general case to a companion paper.
description: 30 pages; added arXiv number of the companion paper
Synergy between Piezo1 and Piezo2 channels confers high-strain mechanosensitivity to articular cartilage
Creators: name: Liedtke, Wolfgang B.
name: Guilak, Farshid
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Cartilage, a mechanically sensitive tissue that covers joints, is essential for vertebrate locomotion by sustaining skeletal mobility. Transduction of mechanical stimuli by cartilage cells, chondrocytes, leads to biochemical–metabolic responses. Such mechanotransduction can be beneficial for tissue maintenance when evoked by low-level mechanical stimuli, or can have health-adverse effects via cartilage-damaging high-strain mechanical stress. Thus, high-strain mechanotransduction by cartilage mechanotrauma is relevant for the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis. Molecular mechanisms of high-strain mechanotransduction of chondrocytes have been elusive. Here we identify Piezo1 and Piezo2 mechanosensitive ion channels in chondrocytes as transduction channels for high-strain mechanical stress. We verify their functional link to the cytoskeleton as important for their concerted function and offer a remedial strategy by application of a Piezo1/2 blocking peptide, GsMTx4, from tarantula venom.
What information do EHRs really capture
Creators: name: Cooper, Jennifer
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Electronic Health Records
Health Data
CPRD
Machine Learning
Artificial Intelligence

description: Slides presented by Dr Jennifer Cooper at the Early Career Researcher Lunchtime session on 26th October September 2023. This series of sessions is organised by the Research Support Facility of the AI for Multiple Long-term Conditions programme.
Systems analysis of sex differences reveals an immunosuppressive role for testosterone in the response to influenza vaccination
Creators: name: Furman, D.
name: Jojic, V.
name: Thiebaut, R.
name: Simon, N.
name: Davis, M. M.
name: Dekker, C. L.
name: Hejblum, B. P.
name: Tibshirani, R. J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: There are marked differences between the sexes in their immune response to infections and vaccination, with females often having significantly higher responses. However, the mechanisms underlying these differences are largely not understood. Using a systems immunology approach, we have identified a cluster of genes involved in lipid metabolism and likely modulated by testosterone that correlates with the higher antibody-neutralizing response to influenza vaccination observed in females. Moreover, males with the highest testosterone levels and expression of related gene signatures exhibited the lowest antibody responses to influenza vaccination. This study generates a number of hypotheses on the sex differences observed in the human immune system and their relationship to mechanisms involved in the antibody response to vaccination.
Morrison-Kawamata cone conjecture for hyperkahler manifolds
Creators: name: Amerik, Ekaterina
name: Verbitsky, Misha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C26, 32G13

description: Let $M$ be a simple holomorphically symplectic manifold, that is, a simply connected holomorphically symplectic manifold of Kahler type with $h^{2,0}=1$. We prove that the group of holomorphic automorphisms of $M$ acts on the set of faces of its Kahler cone with finitely many orbits, whenever $b_2(M)\neq 5$. This is a version of the Morrison-Kawamata cone conjecture for hyperkahler manifolds. The proof is based on the following observation, proven with ergodic theory. Let $M$ be a complete Riemannian orbifold of dimension at least three, constant negative curvature and finite volume, and $\{S_i\}$ an infinite set of locally geodesic hypersurfaces. Then the union of $S_i$ is dense in $M$.
description: 23 pages, added a section about ample cones and polyhedral fundamental domains
The counterintuitive role of sexual selection in species maintenance and speciation
Creators: name: Servedio, M. R.
name: Burger, R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Sexual selection is generally considered to be an important force in the maintenance of species differentiation. Using population genetic models, we show that when isolated in its purest form of Fisherian sexual selection, sexual selection inhibits rather than assists species maintenance and speciation when isolated populations begin to exchange migrants. The stronger this type of sexual selection becomes, the more it erases any effects of local adaptation that drive trait divergence. Furthermore, if the strength of Fisherian sexual selection itself is allowed to evolve, sexual selection is lost. These results emphasize that additional complications have to be added to sexual selection scenarios for sexual selection to contribute to divergence; Fisherian sexual selection alone has the opposite effect.
Observation of propagating edge spin waves modes
Creators: name: Lara, A.
name: Metlushko, V.
name: Aliev, F. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Broadband magnetization response of equilateral triangular 1000 nm Permalloy dots has been studied under an in-plane magnetic field, applied parallel (buckle state) and perpendicular (Y state) to the triangles base. Micromagnetic simulations identify edge spin waves (E-SWs) in the buckle state as SWs propagating along the two adjacent edges. These quasi one-dimensional spin waves emitted by the vertex magnetic charges gradually transform from propagating to standing due to interference and are weakly affected by dipolar interdot interaction and variation of the aspect ratio. Spin waves in the Y state have a two dimensional character. These findings open perspectives for implementation of the E-SWs in magnonic crystals and thin films.
description: 8 pages + 4 figures
A stochastic user-operator assignment game for microtransit service evaluation: A case study of Kussbus in Luxembourg
Creators: name: Ma, Tai-Yu
name: Chow, Joseph Y. J.
name: Klein, Sylvain
name: Ma, Ziyi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper proposes a stochastic variant of the stable matching model from Rasulkhani and Chow [1] which allows microtransit operators to evaluate their operation policy and resource allocations. The proposed model takes into account the stochastic nature of users' travel utility perception, resulting in a probabilistic stable operation cost allocation outcome to design ticket price and ridership forecasting. We applied the model for the operation policy evaluation of a microtransit service in Luxembourg and its border area. The methodology for the model parameters estimation and calibration is developed. The results provide useful insights for the operator and the government to improve the ridership of the service.
description: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1912.01984
Halving dynamical systems
Creators: name: Stevens, Shaun
name: Ward, Tom
name: Zegowitz, Stefanie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37P35

description: The relationship between two dynamical systems, one of which is obtained from the other by forming the quotient by an action of an involution commuting with the dynamics, is studied. The constraints and the possible extent of freedom in the relationship between the growth of closed orbits in pairs of systems related in this way is explored.
Tissue factor expression provokes escape from tumor dormancy and leads to genomic alterations
Creators: name: Lee, Tae Hoon
name: Garnier, Delphine
name: Trasler, Jacquetta
name: McGraw, Serge
name: Milsom, Chloe
name: Mackman, Nigel
name: Pawlinski, Rafal
name: Bourque, Guillaume
name: Jabado, Nada
name: Magnus, Nathalie
name: Meehan, Brian
name: Caron, Maxime
name: Rak, Janusz
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Our study shows that the clotting protein tissue factor (TF) controls the state of tumor dormancy and does so in conjunction with recruitment of inflammatory cells and blood vessels. We show that indolent glioma cells remain harmless in mice unless rendered TF positive. Our work also demonstrates the ability of TF to indirectly influence the DNA of cancer cells by facilitating gene mutations and silencing. This ability is important because injury, cardiovascular disease, or other conditions may activate the clotting system and contribute to the awakening of occult cancer cells. This understanding also may suggest a prophylactic use of blood thinners in cases where dormant cancer cells and clotting are suspected to coexist (e.g., after surgery).
Automorphisms of Cartan modular curves of prime and composite level
Creators: name: Dose, Valerio
name: Lido, Guido
name: Mercuri, Pietro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14G35, 11G18, 11G30, 11G05, 11G15

description: We study the automorphisms of modular curves associated to Cartan subgroups of $\mathrm{GL}_2(\mathbb Z/n\mathbb Z)$ and certain subgroups of their normalizers. We prove that if $n$ is large enough, all the automorphisms are induced by the ramified covering of the complex upper half-plane. We get new results for non-split curves of prime level $p\ge 13$: the curve $X_{\text{ns}}^+(p)$ has no non-trivial automorphisms, whereas the curve $X_{\text{ns}}(p)$ has exactly one non-trivial automorphism. Moreover, as an immediate consequence of our results we compute the automorphism group of $X_0^*(n):=X_0(n)/W$, where $W$ is the group generated by the Atkin-Lehner involutions of $X_0(n)$ and $n$ is a large enough square.
description: 36 pages, 4 tables. Some proofs rely on MAGMA scripts available at https://github.com/guidoshore/automorphisms_of_Cartan_modular_curves
Topoisomerase 1 inhibition reversibly impairs synaptic function
Creators: name: Mabb, Angela M.
name: Kullmann, Paul H. M.
name: Philpot, Benjamin D.
name: Twomey, Margaret A.
name: Miriyala, Jayalakshmi
name: Zylka, Mark J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Topoisomerases are enzymes that resolve DNA supercoiling during cell division and gene transcription. Inhibitors of these enzymes are used to treat multiple forms of cancer. Recently we found that topoisomerase inhibitors have profound effects on synaptic genes expressed in the brain. Here we examine the contribution of a clinically used topoisomerase inhibitor on the expression of synaptic proteins and synaptic transmission. We find that inhibition of topoisomerase 1 (TOP1) dampens excitatory and inhibitory synaptic transmission in cortical neurons. Additionally, these effects are fully reversible, because synaptic protein levels and synaptic transmission recover upon washout of the TOP1 inhibitor. These findings provide insights into how inhibition of TOP1 impacts synaptic function in neurons.
A Full Multigrid Method for Eigenvalue Problems
Creators: name: Xie, Hehu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65N30, 65N25, 65L15, 65B99

description: In this paper, a full (nested) multigrid scheme is proposed to solve eigenvalue problems. The idea here is to use the multilevel correction method to transform the solution of eigenvalue problem to a series of solutions of the corresponding boundary value problems and eigenvalue problems defined on the coarsest finite element space. The boundary value problems which are define on a sequence of multilevel finite element space can be solved by some multigrid iteration steps. Besides the multigrid iteration, all other efficient iteration methods for solving boundary value problems can serve as linear problem solver. The computational work of this new scheme can reach optimal order the same as solving the corresponding source problem. Therefore, this type of iteration scheme improves the efficiency of eigenvalue problem solving.
description: 14vpages and 6 figures. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1409.2923, arXiv:1401.5378
The Unique Structural Parameters of the Underlying Host Galaxies in Blue Compact Dwarfs
Creators: name: Janowiecki, Steven
name: Salzer, John J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nature of possible evolutionary pathways between various types of dwarf galaxies is still not fully understood. Blue compact dwarf galaxies (BCDs) provide a unique window into dwarf galaxy formation and evolution and are often thought of as an evolutionary stage between different classes of dwarf galaxies. In this study we use deep optical and near-infrared observations of the underlying hosts of BCDs in order to study the structural differences between different types of dwarf galaxies. When compared with dwarf irregular galaxies of similar luminosities, we find that the underlying hosts of BCDs have significantly more concentrated light distributions, with smaller scale lengths and brighter central surface brightnesses. We demonstrate here that the underlying hosts of BCDs are distinct from the broad continuum of typical dwarf irregular galaxies, and that it is unlikely that most dwarf irregular galaxies can transform into a BCD or vice versa. Furthermore, we find that the starburst in a BCD only brightens it on average by ~0.8 mag (factor of two), in agreement with other studies. It appears that a BCD is a long-lived and distinct type of dwarf galaxy that exhibits an exceptionally concentrated matter distribution. We suggest that it is this compact mass distribution that enables the strong star formation events that characterize this class of dwarf galaxy, that the compactness of the underlying host can be used as a distinguishing parameter between BCDs and other dwarf galaxies, and that it can also be used to identify BCDs which are not currently experiencing an intense starburst event.
description: This version accepted in the ApJ
A competition on blow-up for semilinear wave equations with scale-invariant damping and nonlinear memory term
Creators: name: Chen, Wenhui
name: Fino, Ahmad Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we investigate blow-up of solutions to semilinear wave equations with scale-invariant damping and nonlinear memory term in $\mathbb{R}^n$, which can be represented by the Riemann-Liouville fractional integral of order $1-γ$ with $γ\in(0,1)$. Our main interest is to study mixed influence from damping term and the memory kernel on blow-up conditions for the power of nonlinearity, by using test function method or generalized Kato's type lemma. We find a new competition, particularly for the small value of $γ$, on the blow-up range between the effective case and the non-effective case.
Sample-Efficient Training of Robotic Guide Using Human Path Prediction Network
Creators: name: Moon, Hee-Seung
name: Seo, Jiwon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Training a robot that engages with people is challenging; it is expensive to directly involve people in the training process, which requires numerous data samples. This paper presents an alternative approach for resolving this problem. We propose a human path prediction network (HPPN) that generates a user's future trajectory based on sequential robot actions and human responses using a recurrent-neural-network structure. Subsequently, an evolution-strategy-based robot training method using only the virtual human movements generated using the HPPN is presented. It is demonstrated that our proposed method permits sample-efficient training of a robotic guide for visually impaired people. By collecting only 1.5 K episodes from real users, we were able to train the HPPN and generate more than 100 K virtual episodes required for training the robot. The trained robot precisely guided blindfolded participants along a target path. Furthermore, using virtual episodes, we investigated a new reward design that prioritizes human comfort during the robot's guidance without incurring additional costs. This sample-efficient training method is expected to be widely applicable to future robots that interact physically with humans.
description: To be published in IEEE Access
Dynamic Mode Decomposition for Large and Streaming Datasets
Creators: name: Hemati, Maziar S.
name: Williams, Matthew O.
name: Rowley, Clarence W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We formulate a low-storage method for performing dynamic mode decomposition that can be updated inexpensively as new data become available; this formulation allows dynamical information to be extracted from large datasets and data streams. We present two algorithms: the first is mathematically equivalent to a standard "batch-processed" formulation; the second introduces a compression step that maintains computational efficiency, while enhancing the ability to isolate pertinent dynamical information from noisy measurements. Both algorithms reliably capture dominant fluid dynamic behaviors, as demonstrated on cylinder wake data collected from both direct numerical simulations and particle image velocimetry experiments
Optimal fast charging station locations for electric ridesharing service with online vehicle-charging station assignment
Creators: name: Ma, Tai-Yu
name: Xie, Simin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Electrified shared mobility services need to handle charging infrastructure planning and manage their daily charging operations to minimize total charging operation time and cost. However, existing studies tend to address these problems separately. A new online vehicle-charging assignment model is proposed and integrated into the fast charging location problem for dynamic ridesharing services using electric vehicles. The latter is formulated as a bi-level optimization problem to minimize the fleet's daily charging operation time. A surrogate-assisted optimization approach is proposed to solve the combinatorial optimization problem efficiently. The proposed model is tested on a realistic flexible bus service in Luxembourg. The results show that the proposed online charging policy can effectively reduce the charging delays of the fleet compared to the state-of-the-art methods. With 10 additional DC fast chargers installed, charging operation time can be reduced up to 27.8% when applying the online charging policy under the test scenarios.
A self-consistent Hartree-Fock approach for interacting bosons in optical lattices
Creators: name: Lü, Qin-Qin
name: Patton, Kelly R.
name: Sheehy, Daniel E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A theoretical study of interacting bosons in a periodic optical lattice is presented. Instead of the commonly used tight-binding approach (applicable near the Mott insulating regime of the phase diagram), the present work starts from the exact single-particle states of bosons in a cubic optical lattice, satisfying the Mathieu equation, an approach that can be particularly useful at large boson fillings. The effects of short-range interactions are incorporated using a self-consistent Hartree-Fock approximation, and predictions for experimental observables such as the superfluid transition temperature, condensate fraction, and boson momentum distribution are presented.
description: 12 pages, 15 figure files
Neue Notifikationen zu Werken von Reinhard Meßner, Jacques Dupuis und Marciano Vidal
Creators: name: Melloni, Alberto
Publisher: name: Concilium
Year: 1970

description: Concilium, Bd. 38 Nr. 5 (2002): Concilium: Internationale Zeitschrift für Theologie, Band 38, Heft 5
Transformation of quiescent adult oligodendrocyte precursor cells into malignant glioma through a multistep reactivation process
Creators: name: Harbin, Jordan E.
name: Zong, Hui
name: Foreman, Oded
name: McNeill, Robert S.
name: Nishiyama, Akiko
name: Verhaak, Roel G. W.
name: Miller, C. Ryan
name: Kasina, Anita
name: Galvao, Rui Pedro
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: How malignant gliomas arise in a mature brain remains a mystery, which hinders the development of effective treatments. Which cell types can escape their quiescent, adult state and how they do so is unknown. Additionally, because gliomas are only detected at advanced stages, the full course of transformation remains uncharacterized. Here we report that adult oligodendrocyte precursor cells, despite their relatively quiescent properties, can be reactivated to a highly proliferative state by p53 and NF1 mutations and give rise to malignant gliomas. Furthermore, we describe the early phase of gliomagenesis for the first time, revealing a multistep process of reactivation, dormancy, and final transformation in which mammalian target of rapamycin signaling plays a critical role at both early and late steps.
Space-Charge Effect
Creators: name: Chauvin, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: First, this chapter introduces the expressions for the electric and magnetic space-charge internal fields and forces induced by high-intensity beams. Then, the root-mean-square equation with space charge is derived and discussed. In the third section, the one-dimensional Child-Langmuir law, which gives the maximum current density that can be extracted from an ion source, is exposed. Space-charge compensation can occur in the low-energy beam transport lines (located after the ion source). This phenomenon, which counteracts the spacecharge defocusing effect, is explained and its main parameters are presented. The fifth section presents an overview of the principal methods to perform beam dynamics numerical simulations. An example of a particles-in-cells code, SolMaxP, which takes into account space-charge compensation, is given. Finally, beam dynamics simulation results obtained with this code in the case of the IFMIF injector are presented.
description: 21 pages, contribution to the CAS-CERN Accelerator School: Ion Sources, Senec, Slovakia, 29 May - 8 June 2012, edited by R. Bailey
Collaborating towards a pan-Arctic Observing System of Systems: the Arctic PASSION project (Overview Poster)
Creators: name: Karcher, Michael
name: Cristini, Luisa
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Arctic Ocean, Obsering System, H2020, Indigenous Communities, Arctic collaboration

description: An overview Poster about the Arctic PASSION project (status mid 2023)
Quantum Communication with Coherent States and Linear Optics
Creators: name: Arrazola, Juan Miguel
name: Lütkenhaus, Norbert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a general mapping for encoding quantum communication protocols involving pure states of multiple qubits, unitary transformations, and projective measurements into another set of protocols that employ coherent states of light in a superposition of optical modes, linear optics transformations and measurements with single-photon threshold detectors. This provides a general framework for transforming protocols in quantum communication into a form in which they can be implemented with current technology. We explore the similarity between properties of the original qubit protocols and the coherent-state protocols obtained from the mapping and make use of the mapping to construct new protocols in the context of quantum communication complexity and quantum digital signatures. Our results have the potential of bringing a wide class of quantum communication protocols closer to their experimental demonstration.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures
Invariant quadratic operators associated with Linear Canonical Transformations and their eigenstates
Creators: name: Ranaivoson, Ravo Tokiniaina
name: Andriambololona, Raoelina
name: Rakotoson, Hanitriarivo
name: Ravelonjato, Manjakamanana Rivo Herivola
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The main purpose of this work is to identify invariant quadratic operators associated with Linear Canonical Transformations (LCTs) which could play important roles in physics. LCTs are considered in many fields. In quantum theory, they can be identified with linear transformations which keep invariant the Canonical Commutation Relations (CCRs). In this work, LCTs corresponding to a general pseudo-Euclidian space are considered and related to a phase space representation of quantum theory. Explicit calculations are firstly performed for the monodimensional case to identify the corresponding LCT-invariant quadratic operators then multidimensional generalizations of the obtained results are deduced. The eigenstates of these operators are also identified. A first kind of LCT-invariant operator is a second order polynomial of the coordinates and momenta operators and is a generalization of reduced momentum dispersion operator. The coefficients of this polynomial depend on the mean values and the statistical variances-covariances of the coordinates and momenta operators themselves. It is shown that these statistical variances-covariances can be related with thermodynamic variables. Two other LCT-invariant quadratic operators, which can be considered as the number operators of some quasipartciles, are also identified: the first one is a number operator of bosonic type quasiparticles and the second one corresponds to fermionic type. This fermionic LCT-invariant quadratic operator is directly related to a spin representation of LCTs. It is shown explicitly, in the case of a pentadimensional theory, that the eigenstates of this operator can be considered as basic quantum states of elementary fermions. A classification of the fundamental fermions, compatible with the Standard model of particle physics, is established from a classification of these states.
description: 30 pages
TRPV4-mediated mechanotransduction regulates the metabolic response of chondrocytes to dynamic loading
Creators: name: Liedtke, W. B.
name: O'Conor, C. J.
name: Benefield, H. C.
name: Guilak, F.
name: Leddy, H. A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Physiologic joint loading plays a critical role in the maintenance of articular cartilage structure and function, whereas abnormal loading can lead to pathologic changes in joint tissues. However, the mechanisms by which mechanical loading is transduced into intracellular signals that regulate chondrocyte homeostasis are not fully understood. In this study, we show that the mechanosensitive cation channel transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) plays a critical role in the physiological link between mechanical loading and chondrocyte function. Specifically, TRPV4 acts a transducer of mechanical loading to regulate cartilage extracellular matrix biosynthesis. A better understanding of the mechanisms involved in chondrocyte mechanotransduction could enable the development of novel therapies for joint diseases such as osteoarthritis.
Optimality of the pretty good measurement for port-based teleportation
Creators: name: Leditzky, Felix
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Port-based teleportation (PBT) is a protocol in which Alice teleports an unknown quantum state to Bob using measurements on a shared entangled multipartite state called the port state and forward classical communication. In this paper, we give an explicit proof that the so-called pretty good measurement, or square-root measurement, is optimal for the PBT protocol with independent copies of maximally entangled states as the port state. We then show that the very same measurement remains optimal even when the port state is optimized to yield the best possible PBT protocol. Hence, there is one particular pretty good measurement achieving the optimal performance in both cases. The following well-known facts are key ingredients in the proofs of these results: (i) the natural symmetries of PBT, leading to a description in terms of representation-theoretic data; (ii) the operational equivalence of PBT with certain state discrimination problems, which allows us to employ duality of the associated semidefinite programs. Along the way, we rederive the representation-theoretic formulas for the performance of PBT protocols proved in [Studziński et al., 2017] and [Mozrzymas et al., 2018] using only standard techniques from the representation theory of the unitary and symmetric groups. Providing a simplified derivation of these beautiful formulas is one of the main goals of this paper.
description: 19 pages, 1 figure, comments welcome! v2: accepted for publication in Letters in Mathematical Physics (main edit: corrected statement of Lemma 1 with proof in appendix)
Graph colorings with restricted bicolored subgraphs: I. Acyclic, star, and treewidth colorings
Creators: name: Bradshaw, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C15

description: We show that for any fixed integer $m \geq 1$, a graph of maximum degree $Δ$ has a coloring with $O(Δ^{(m+1)/m})$ colors in which every connected bicolored subgraph contains at most $m$ edges. This result unifies previously known upper bounds on the number of colors sufficient for certain types of graph colorings, including star colorings, for which $O(Δ^{3/2})$ colors suffice, and acyclic colorings, for which $O(Δ^{4/3})$ colors suffice. Our proof uses a probabilistic method of Alon, McDiarmid, and Reed. This result also gives previously unknown upper bounds, including the fact that a graph of maximum degree $Δ$ has a proper coloring with $O(Δ^{9/8})$ colors in which every bicolored subgraph is planar, as well as a proper coloring with $O(Δ^{13/12})$ colors in which every bicolored subgraph has treewidth at most $3$.
description: The main result and method both appear in Theorem 1.2 of Aravind and Subramanian (https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-642-10217-2_9), so this paper does not prove anything new or give any new insight into an existing result
Spectral and Energy Spectral Efficiency Optimization of Joint Transmit and Receive Beamforming Based Multi-Relay MIMO-OFDMA Cellular Networks
Creators: name: Cheung, Kent Tsz Kan
name: Yang, Shaoshi
name: Hanzo, Lajos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We first conceive a novel transmission protocol for a multi-relay multiple-input--multiple-output orthogonal frequency-division multiple-access (MIMO-OFDMA) cellular network based on joint transmit and receive beamforming. We then address the associated network-wide spectral efficiency (SE) and energy spectral efficiency (ESE) optimization problems. More specifically, the network's MIMO channels are mathematically decomposed into several effective multiple-input--single-output (MISO) channels, which are essentially spatially multiplexed for transmission. Hence, these effective MISO channels are referred to as spatial multiplexing components (SMCs). For the sake of improving the SE/ESE performance attained, the SMCs are grouped using a pair of proposed grouping algorithms. The first is optimal in the sense that it exhaustively evaluates all the possible combinations of SMCs satisfying both the semi-orthogonality criterion and other relevant system constraints, whereas the second is a lower-complexity alternative. Corresponding to each of the two grouping algorithms, the pair of SE and ESE maximization problems are formulated, thus the optimal SMC groups and optimal power control variables can be obtained for each subcarrier block. These optimization problems are proven to be concave, and the dual decomposition approach is employed for obtaining their solutions. Relying on these optimization solutions, the impact of various system parameters on both the attainable SE and ESE is characterized. In particular, we demonstrate that under certain conditions the lower-complexity SMC grouping algorithm achieves 90% of the SE/ESE attained by the exhaustive-search based optimal grouping algorithm, while imposing as little as 3.5% of the latter scheme's computational complexity.
description: 17 pages, 10 figures, 1 table, 3 algorithms, to appear in IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications