cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
BVD Control for the Dairy Practitioner
Creators: name: Smith, Scott T.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 2009

description: Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) continues to be an infectious disease of importance to cattle populations throughout the world. In recent years, efforts to establish BVD control programs has been a high priority for various veterinary and producer groups in North America. These efforts have resulted in the adoption of industry-wide position statements on disclosure of BVD-PI cattle. While various documents and BVD control programs have been outlined for beef cattle, few documents have been aimed specifically at BVD control in dairy cattle populations. The goal of this presentation is to focus on BVD control strategies for dairy cattle enterprises, including examples of BVD control plans from actual farms.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2009
Selective Encoding for Abstractive Sentence Summarization
Creators: name: Zhou, Qingyu
name: Yang, Nan
name: Wei, Furu
name: Zhou, Ming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose a selective encoding model to extend the sequence-to-sequence framework for abstractive sentence summarization. It consists of a sentence encoder, a selective gate network, and an attention equipped decoder. The sentence encoder and decoder are built with recurrent neural networks. The selective gate network constructs a second level sentence representation by controlling the information flow from encoder to decoder. The second level representation is tailored for sentence summarization task, which leads to better performance. We evaluate our model on the English Gigaword, DUC 2004 and MSR abstractive sentence summarization datasets. The experimental results show that the proposed selective encoding model outperforms the state-of-the-art baseline models.
description: 10 pages; To appear in ACL 2017
Lyapunov exponents for random maps
Creators: name: Nakamura, Fumihiko
name: Nakano, Yushi
name: Toyokawa, Hisayoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: It has been recently realized that for abundant dynamical systems on a compact manifold, the set of points for which Lyapunov exponents fail to exist, called the Lyapunov irregular set, has positive Lebesgue measure. In the present paper, we show that under any physical noise, the Lyapunov irregular set has zero Lebesgue measure and the number of such Lyapunov exponents is finite. This result is a Lyapunov exponent version of Araújo's theorem on the existence and finitude of time averages. Furthermore, we numerically compute the Lyapunov exponents for a surface flow with an attracting heteroclinic connection, which enjoys the Lyapunov irregular set of positive Lebesgue measure, under a physical noise. This paper also contains the proof of the disappearance of Lyapunov irregular behavior on a positive Lebesgue measure set for a surface flow with an attracting homoclinic/heteroclinic connection under a non-physical noise.
description: 14 pages, 2 figure
Field Anesthetic Techniques for Camelids
Creators: name: Anderson, David E.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 2009

description: Administration of anesthetic agents to camelids is a source of anxiety for many veterinarians and owners. Llama and alpaca physiology is not a mainstream topic in most veterinary schools and, therefore, veterinarians do not feel comfortable in the administration of drugs routinely used in other livestock species. Although specific drug dosages differ between camelids and other livestock and even among llamas and alpacas, all other aspects of the "warm-blooded mammal" apply. The minimum data base before using an anesthetic is rectal temperature, heart rate and rhythm, respiratory rate and character, and general demeanor of the patient. If general anesthesia is planned, packed cell volume (PCV) and total protein (TP) should be determined. If the patient is geriatric (older than 10 years for llamas and alpacas), then more exhaustive diagnostic tests may be warranted (e.g. serum biochemistry). An accurate body weight will increase the safety of the procedure, but an estimation of body weight may be obtained by evaluating the body condition score.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2009
Direct laser-driven electron acceleration and energy gain in helical beams
Creators: name: Molnár, Etele
name: Stutman, Dan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A detailed study of direct laser-driven electron acceleration in paraxial Laguerre-Gaussian modes corresponding to helical beams $\text{LG}_{0m}$ with azimuthal modes $m=\left\{1,2,3,4,5\right\}$ is presented. Due to the difference between the ponderomotive force of the fundamental Gaussian beam $\text{LG}_{00}$ and helical beams $\text{LG}_{0m}$ we found that the optimal beam waist leading to the most energetic electrons at full width at half maximum is more than twice smaller for the latter and corresponds to a few wavelengths $Δw_0=\left\{6,11,19\right\}λ_0$ for laser powers of $P_0 = \left\{0.1,1,10\right\}$ PW. We also found that for azimuthal modes $m\geq 3$ the optimal waist should be smaller than $Δw_0 < 19 λ_0$. Using these optimal values we have observed that the average kinetic energy gain of electrons is about an order of magnitude larger in helical beams compared to the fundamental Gaussian beam. This average energy gain increases with the azimuthal index $m$ leading to collimated electrons of a few $100$ MeV energy in the direction of the laser propagation.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures. Minor corrections and references added
title: Release of dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) by microbial populations in the NW Iberian Peninsula shelf and adjacent pen-ocean Atlantic waters
Creators: name: Varela, Marta M.
name: Bode, Antonio
Publisher: name: ASC 2004 - Q - Theme session
Year: 2024
Subjects: Ecosystem observation, processes and dynamics
Bay of Biscay and the Iberian Coast (ICES Ecoregion)

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.Dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) release rates by the microplankton community were measured in the surface layer of the Atlantic Ocean in a wide range of productivity regimes, in order to quantify the fraction of recently incorporated nitrogen flowing to the dissolved organic pool. We determined the percentage of DON release relative to the gross uptake of ammonium (PERNH4+) and total nitrogen uptake (PERtotal). The experiments were conducted during 5 oceanographic cruises from August 1998 to October 2000, covering 3 regions: the upwelling region of the NW Iberian Peninsula, the Bay of Biscay and a latitudinal transect in the Central Atlantic Ocean between 50º N and 35º S. PERNH4+ ranged from 3 to 46% while PERtotal varied between 21 and 82 %. Highest values for both PERNH4+ and PERtotal were found in oligotrophic oceanic waters (<0.25 mg chlorophyll a). In oceanic environments, a positive linear relationship between nitrogen uptake rates and DON release, with a log-log linear regression slope significantly <1, indicated that PER was inversely related to total nitrogen uptake. In contrast, in more productive areas, such as the continental shelf of the NW Iberian Peninsula, the slope of the relationship found between nitrogen uptake and DON release rates was not significantly <1. These results suggest that different processes could be controlling the release of DON in these contrasting environments. Whereas in open-ocean Atlantic waters, microbial processes could be the cause of the enhanced DON release, in neritic Iberian Peninsula areas DON release would depend mainly on the phytoplankton biomass.
Unconditional bases of subspaces related to non-self-adjoint perturbations of self-adjoint operators
Creators: name: Motovilov, A. K.
name: Shkalikov, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Assume that $T$ is a self-adjoint operator on a Hilbert space $\mathcal{H}$ and that the spectrum of $T$ is confined in the union $\bigcup_{j\in J}Δ_j$, $J\subseteq\mathbb{Z}$, of segments $Δ_j=[α_j, β_j]\subset\mathbb{R}$ such that $α_{j+1}>β_j$ and $$ \inf_{j} \left(α_{j+1}-β_j\right) = d > 0. $$ If $B$ is a bounded (in general non-self-adjoint) perturbation of $T$ with $\|B\|=:b
Preparation and biological characterization of plasma functionalized poly(ethylene terephthalate) antimicrobial sutures
Creators: name: Anjum, Sadiya
name: Amlan Gupta
name: Kumari, Shanti
name: Bhuvanesh Gupta
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: The present investigation describes a method for the development of antimicrobial poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) sutures by employing plasma functionalization and immobilization of bioactive agents silver (Ag) and its combination with Aloe vera (AV). Plasma functionalized PET surface has carboxyl functionality that binds the bioactive agent and makes them antimicrobial in nature. The PET, PET-Ag, and PET-Ag-AV sutures were investigated by means of elemental analysis, mechanical properties, and surface topography study. The in-vitro release profile of Ag from the PET-Ag-AV suture exhibit an initial burst followed by sustained release over 72 h. The resulting sutures have excellent bacteriostatic and bactericidal properties against both Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. In-vivo wound healing studies were carried out over a period of 7 d on Swiss albino mice. Histopathology study was suggested the rapid healing in PET-Ag-AV suture treated wounds without any inflammatory response on the newly generated skin, as compared to other groups. Our study suggests that developed sutures shows excellent antimicrobial behavior with the improved healing process and appears to be a promising material as sutures.
title: Characterization of the anchovy (Engraulis encrasicholus) and sardine (Sardinia pilchardus) spawning habitats in the Bay of Biscay from the routine application of the annual DEPM surveys in the Southeast Bay of Biscay
Creators: name: Sagarminaga, Y.
name: Irigoien, X
name: Uriarte, A.
name: Santos, M.
name: Ibaibarriaga, L.
name: P.Alvarez
name: Valencia, V.
Publisher: name: ASC 2004 - Q - Theme session
Year: 2024
Subjects: Ecosystem observation, processes and dynamics
Bay of Biscay and the Iberian Coast (ICES Ecoregion)

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.The purpose of this paper is to analyse the spatial distribution of anchovy (Engraulis encrasicholus) and sardine (Sardinia pilchardus) spring spawning and its relationship with the environmental parameters and processes affecting the Bay of Biscay in that period. To do this, egg abundances and environmental data acquired during the Bay of Biscay DEPM survey series, held in May from 1999 to 2002, have been used. The main spawning grounds for each species were identified and the coincidences and dissimilarities in their spatial distribution were analysed, revealing a spatial segregation of the main spawning grounds and a coexistence in secondary spawning grounds. Regarding the relationship of the spawning distribution with the environmental parameters analysed (sea surface temperature, sea surface salinity, and surface chlorophyll-a concentration), it was observed that sardine may be more strongly influenciated by sea surface temperature than anchovy because it is in an edge of its spawning period and this could have a limitating effect. Nevertheless anchovy, which is at the peak spawning period, benefits from the optimal temperature conditions and its distribution may be more strongly affected by the distribution of the main primary production areas. Anyway, the temperature has an important role in defining the kick off of the anchovy spawning period which starts when the steep increase of sea surface temperatures begins during spring in the area of study.
An inverse problem for a fractional diffusion equation with fractional power type nonlinearities
Creators: name: Li, Li
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35R11, 35R30

description: We study the well-posedness of a semilinear fractional diffusion equation and formulate an associated inverse problem. We determine fractional power type nonlinearities from the exterior partial measurements of the Dirichlet-to-Neumann map. Our arguments are based on a first order linearization as well as the parabolic Runge approximation property.
Temporal-Logic-Based Intermittent, Optimal, and Safe Continuous-Time Learning for Trajectory Tracking
Creators: name: Kanellopoulos, Aris
name: Fotiadis, Filippos
name: Sun, Chuangchuang
name: Xu, Zhe
name: Vamvoudakis, Kyriakos G.
name: Topcu, Ufuk
name: Dixon, Warren E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: In this paper, we develop safe reinforcement-learning-based controllers for systems tasked with accomplishing complex missions that can be expressed as linear temporal logic specifications, similar to those required by search-and-rescue missions. We decompose the original mission into a sequence of tracking sub-problems under safety constraints. We impose the safety conditions by utilizing barrier functions to map the constrained optimal tracking problem in the physical space to an unconstrained one in the transformed space. Furthermore, we develop policies that intermittently update the control signal to solve the tracking sub-problems with reduced burden in the communication and computation resources. Subsequently, an actor-critic algorithm is utilized to solve the underlying Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equations. Finally, we support our proposed framework with stability proofs and showcase its efficacy via simulation results.
title: Natural abundance of stable nitrogen isotopes reflect changes in pelagic food webs and mobility of size classes of the north Iberian sardine (Sardina pilchardus)
Creators: name: Bode, Antonio
name: Carrera, Pablo
name: Lorenzo, Jorge
name: Porteiro, Carmela
name: Santos, M. Begoña
name: Cabanas, J. Manuel
Publisher: name: ASC 2004 - Q - Theme session
Year: 2024
Subjects: Ecosystem observation, processes and dynamics
Bay of Biscay and the Iberian Coast (ICES Ecoregion)

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.The natural abundance of stable nitrogen isotopes (δ15N) in sardine (Sardina pilchardus) and plankton was determined from samples collected between 1998 and 2003 in the northwestern shelf of the Iberian Peninsula with the purpose of studying the variability in the trophic position of sardine. Sardines were grouped in three size-length classes (small: < 16 cm; medium: 16-20 cm; large: > 20 cm). Plankton samples were size-fractionated between ca. 0.7 and 2000 μm of individual length. The plankton at the base of the pelagic food web in the western shelf region (Galicia) was more enriched in δ15N than plankton in the northern and eastern region (Mar Cantábrico), likely because of upwelling. Variability in δ15N in sardine was related both to changes in feeding strategies during growth and to the mobility of size classes between adjacent shelf regions. Large sardines showed regional differences in δ15N similar to those of small plankton, suggesting that old specimens remained for long periods in the same region. In contrast, small and medium-sized sardines have similar δ15N values in all regions. We hypothesize that interannual differences in δ15N of sardine are caused mainly by variations in the mobility of large size classes, as the isotopic signature of the small sardines was relatively less variable and suggests low variability in the plankton food web. In turn, such variations would be related to changes in the size of the sardine population in the north Iberian shelf.
A Language for Modelling False Data Injection Attacks in Internet of Things
Creators: name: Briland, Mathieu
name: Bouquet, Fabrice
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Internet of Things (IoT) is now omnipresent in all aspects of life and provides a large number of potentially critical services. For this, Internet of Things relies on the data collected by objects. Data integrity is therefore essential. Unfortunately, this integrity is threatened by a type of attack known as False Data Injection Attack. This consists of an attacker who injects fabricated data into a system to modify its behaviour. In this work, we dissect and present a method that uses a Domain-Specific Language (DSL) to generate altered data, allowing these attacks to be simulated and tested.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures to be published in 3rd International Workshop on Software Engineering Research & Practices for the Internet of Things (SERP4IoT 2021)
Defect-free atomic array formation using Hungarian matching algorithm
Creators: name: Lee, Woojun
name: Kim, Hyosub
name: Ahn, Jaewook
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Deterministic loading of single atoms onto arbitrary two-dimensional lattice points has recently been demonstrated, where by dynamically controlling the optical-dipole potential, atoms from a probabilistically loaded lattice were relocated to target lattice points to form a zero-entropy atomic lattice. In this atom rearrangement, how to pair atoms with the target sites is a combinatorial optimization problem: brute-force methods search all possible combinations so the process is slow, while heuristic methods are time-efficient but optimal solutions are not guaranteed. Here, we use the Hungarian matching algorithm as a fast and rigorous alternative to this problem of defect-free atomic lattice formation. Our approach utilizes an optimization cost function that restricts collision-free guiding paths so that atom loss due to collision is minimized during rearrangement. Experiments were performed with cold rubidium atoms that were trapped and guided with holographically controlled optical-dipole traps. The result of atom relocation from a partially filled 7-by-7 lattice to a 3-by-3 target lattice strongly agrees with the theoretical analysis: using the Hungarian algorithm minimizes the collisional and trespassing paths and results in improved performance, with over 50\% higher success probability than the heuristic shortest-move method.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures
Ce 3$p$ hard x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy study of the topological Kondo insulator CeRu$_4$Sn$_6$
Creators: name: Sundermann, M.
name: Chen, K.
name: Utsumi, Y.
name: Wu, Y. -H.
name: Tsuei, K. -D.
name: Haenel, J.
name: Prokofiev, A.
name: Paschen, S.
name: Tanaka, A.
name: Tjeng, L. H.
name: Severing, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bulk sensitive hard x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy data of the Ce 3$p$ core level of CeRu$_4$Sn$_6$ are presented. Using a combination of full multiplet and configuration iteration model we were able to obtain an accurate lineshape analysis of the data, thereby taking into account correlations for the strong plasmon intensities. We conclude that CeRu$_4$Sn$_6$ is a moderately mixed valence compound with a weight of 8% for the Ce $f^0$ configuration in the ground state.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, conference proceedings (SCES2016)
Comparison of remote experiments using crowdsourcing and laboratory experiments on speech intelligibility
Creators: name: Yamamoto, Ayako
name: Irino, Toshio
name: Arai, Kenichi
name: Araki, Shoko
name: Ogawa, Atsunori
name: Kinoshita, Keisuke
name: Nakatani, Tomohiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Many subjective experiments have been performed to develop objective speech intelligibility measures, but the novel coronavirus outbreak has made it very difficult to conduct experiments in a laboratory. One solution is to perform remote testing using crowdsourcing; however, because we cannot control the listening conditions, it is unclear whether the results are entirely reliable. In this study, we compared speech intelligibility scores obtained in remote and laboratory experiments. The results showed that the mean and standard deviation (SD) of the remote experiments' speech reception threshold (SRT) were higher than those of the laboratory experiments. However, the variance in the SRTs across the speech-enhancement conditions revealed similarities, implying that remote testing results may be as useful as laboratory experiments to develop an objective measure. We also show that the practice session scores correlate with the SRT values. This is a priori information before performing the main tests and would be useful for data screening to reduce the variability of the SRT distribution.
description: This paper was submitted to Interspeech2021
Health Risks to Veterinarians and Associated Personnel
Creators: name: Donham, Kelley J.
name: Rendell, David
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 2009

description: Veterinarians, livestock producers, and workers are at risk of illness from exposure to drugs intended for animal health or growth by inhalation, skin contact, and accidental needle sticks. Exposures to antibiotics, growth enhancers, immunization products, and needle sticks are all potential hazards to those handling these products. Special risks apply to women who handle oxytocin, prostaglandins, and live immunization products. These hazards can be unitized by training personnel, choosing safe products, instituting safe inoculation procedures, and utilizing safe sharps handling procedures.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2009
Analysis of Vanilla Rolling Horizon Evolution Parameters in General Video Game Playing
Creators: name: Gaina, Raluca D.
name: Liu, Jialin
name: Lucas, Simon M.
name: Perez-Liebana, Diego
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Monte Carlo Tree Search techniques have generally dominated General Video Game Playing, but recent research has started looking at Evolutionary Algorithms and their potential at matching Tree Search level of play or even outperforming these methods. Online or Rolling Horizon Evolution is one of the options available to evolve sequences of actions for planning in General Video Game Playing, but no research has been done up to date that explores the capabilities of the vanilla version of this algorithm in multiple games. This study aims to critically analyse the different configurations regarding population size and individual length in a set of 20 games from the General Video Game AI corpus. Distinctions are made between deterministic and stochastic games, and the implications of using superior time budgets are studied. Results show that there is scope for the use of these techniques, which in some configurations outperform Monte Carlo Tree Search, and also suggest that further research in these methods could boost their performance.
title: Low enrichment in stable isotopes of mesozooplankton suggests predominance of microbial food webs in the Central Cantabrian Sea (S Bay of Biscay)
Creators: name: Bode, Antonio
name: Lorenzo, Jorge
name: Amez, Marco
name: Valdés, Luis
name: Varela, Manuel
Publisher: name: ASC 2004 - Q - Theme session
Year: 2024
Subjects: Ecosystem observation, processes and dynamics
Bay of Biscay and the Iberian Coast (ICES Ecoregion)

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.Trophic variability of the mesozooplankton community (> 200 μm) and of selected copepod taxa in the Central Cantabrian Sea (S Bay of Biscay) was studied through the determination of the natural abundance of stable carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen isotopes (δ15N) in samples collected monthly between March 2001 and October 2003 at 3 coastal and shelf stations off Gijón. Due to the large variability in δ13C and δ15N values there were non-significant differences between stations or seasons, despite significant differences in dissolved nutrients, and the biomass of phyto- and mesozooplankton. Only mesozooplankton δ13C was significantly lower near the coast when compared with open shelf stations. Both δ13C and δ15N were positively correlated in the season of low phytoplankton biomass (May–December), but not in the winter-spring season (January- April). In contrast, isotopic abundances and mean nitrate concentrations were negatively correlated during winter-spring while no significant relationships for other seasons were found. In addition, chlorophyll concentrations were not correlated to either δ13C or δ15N. Large overlap in isotopic abundances between individuals of Acartia, Centropages and Calanus were also found, despite significant differences in C:N ratios. Average estimates of the trophic position of mesozooplankton, computed as the δ15N enrichment relative to <200 μm seston collected during the spring, varied between 1.0 ‰ (total mesozooplankton community) and 2.2 ‰ (Calanus). Such low enrichment values, along with the lack of correlation with phytoplankton biomass and the large variability in isotopic composition, suggest that mesozooplankton in the Central Cantabrian Sea largely depends on microbial preys for most of the year.
Earnings-21: A Practical Benchmark for ASR in the Wild
Creators: name: Del Rio, Miguel
name: Delworth, Natalie
name: Westerman, Ryan
name: Huang, Michelle
name: Bhandari, Nishchal
name: Palakapilly, Joseph
name: McNamara, Quinten
name: Dong, Joshua
name: Zelasko, Piotr
name: Jette, Miguel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Commonly used speech corpora inadequately challenge academic and commercial ASR systems. In particular, speech corpora lack metadata needed for detailed analysis and WER measurement. In response, we present Earnings-21, a 39-hour corpus of earnings calls containing entity-dense speech from nine different financial sectors. This corpus is intended to benchmark ASR systems in the wild with special attention towards named entity recognition. We benchmark four commercial ASR models, two internal models built with open-source tools, and an open-source LibriSpeech model and discuss their differences in performance on Earnings-21. Using our recently released fstalign tool, we provide a candid analysis of each model's recognition capabilities under different partitions. Our analysis finds that ASR accuracy for certain NER categories is poor, presenting a significant impediment to transcript comprehension and usage. Earnings-21 bridges academic and commercial ASR system evaluation and enables further research on entity modeling and WER on real world audio.
description: Accepted to INTERSPEECH 2021. June 15 2021: Addressing the comments of reviewers and updating the results of our internal ESPNet model. The results do not change our conclusions. April 28th, 2021: We found and resolved an issue in our experimental evaluation that scored the LibriSpeech model at ~20% worse relative WER than the actual WER. The updated results do not affect our conclusions
Development of Data Acquisition Methods for an FPGA-Based Photon Counting Detector
Creators: name: Ambily, S.
name: Sarpotdar, Mayuresh
name: Mathew, Joice
name: Sreejith, A. G.
name: Nirmal, K.
name: Prakash, Ajin
name: Safonova, Margarita
name: Murthy, Jayant
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: MCP-based detectors are widely used in the ultraviolet (UV) region due to their low noise levels, high sensitivity and good spatial and temporal resolution. We have developed a compact near-UV (NUV) detector for high-altitude balloon and space flights, using off-the-shelf MCP, CMOS sensor, and optics. The detector is designed to be capable of working in the direct frame transfer mode as well in the photon-counting mode for single photon event detection. The identification and centroiding of each photon event are done using an FPGA-based data acquisition and real-time processing system. In this paper, we discuss various algorithms and methods used in both operating modes, as well as their implementation on the hardware.
Current Challenges in Developing Open Source Computer Algebra Systems
Creators: name: Boehm, Janko
name: Decker, Wolfram
name: Keicher, Simon
name: Ren, Yue
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14Q99 (Primary), 68W10, 13P10, 14L24, 13A50, 14B99 (Secondary)

description: This note is based on the plenary talk given by the second author at MACIS 2015, the Sixth International Conference on Mathematical Aspects of Computer and Information Sciences. Motivated by some of the work done within the Priority Programme SPP 1489 of the German Research Council DFG, we discuss a number of current challenges in the development of Open Source computer algebra systems. The main focus is on algebraic geometry and the system Singular.
description: 18 pages, 13 figures
Physics reach of MoEDAL at LHC: magnetic monopoles, supersymmetry and beyond
Creators: name: Mavromatos, Nick E.
name: Mitsou, Vasiliki A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: MoEDAL is a pioneering experiment designed to search for highly ionising messengers of new physics such as magnetic monopoles or massive (pseudo-)stable charged particles, that are predicted to exist in a plethora of models beyond the Standard Model. Its ground-breaking physics program defines a number of scenarios that yield potentially revolutionary insights into such foundational questions as, are there extra dimensions or new symmetries, what is the mechanism for the generation of mass, does magnetic charge exist, what is the nature of dark matter, and, how did the big-bang develop at the earliest times. MoEDAL's purpose is to meet such far-reaching challenges at the frontier of the field. The physics reach of the existing MoEDAL detector is discussed, giving emphasis on searches for magnetic monopoles, supersymmetric (semi)stable partners, doubly charged Higgs bosons, and exotic structures such as black-hole remnants in models with large extra spatial dimensions and D-matter in some brane theories.
description: 17 pages, 8 figures; combines two invited talks in 5th International Conference on New Frontiers in Physics (ICNFP 2016), 6-14 Jul 2016, Kolymbari, Greece; based on arXiv:1405.7662, arXiv:1411.7651, arXiv:1511.01745
A local view on the role of friction and shape
Creators: name: Schröter, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Leibniz said "Naturam cognosci per analogiam": nature is understood by making analogies. This statement describes a seminal epistemological principle. But one has to be aware of its limitations: quantum mechanics for example at some point had to push Bohr's model of the atom aside to make progress. This article claims that the physics of granular packings has to move beyond the analogy of frictionless spheres, towards local models of contact formation.
description: accepted for publication in the conference proceedings of Powders and Grains 2017
Your Livelihood
Creators: name: Ailsby, Ronald
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 2009

description: Large animal veterinarians face acute and chronic repetitive-strain injuries daily to their upper extremities. Symptoms of shoulder pain and arm weakness encompass at least 50 different diagnoses. This talk will identify and discuss the most common disabling conditions and provide insight into the complexity of the problem. Treatment, rehabilitation, and methods of preventing future disabilities will also be presented.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2009
title: Variability in the diet of common dolphins (Delphinus delphis) in Galician waters 1991- 2003 and relationship with prey abundance
Creators: name: Santos, M.B.
name: Pierce, G.J.
name: López, A.
name: Martínez, J.A.
name: Fernández, M.T.
name: Ieno, E.
name: Mente, E.
name: Porteiro, C.
name: Carrera, P.
name: Meixide, M.
Publisher: name: ASC 2004 - Q - Theme session
Year: 2024
Subjects: Ecosystem observation, processes and dynamics
Bay of Biscay and the Iberian Coast (ICES Ecoregion)

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.Analyses of marine mammal diets in Galician waters have been carried out over the last 13 years as part of four consecutive European funded projects. The species that is best represented in samples from stranded animals is the common dolphin Delphinus delphis, for which 414 non-empty stomachs were analysed during 1991-2003. We quantified interannual and seasonal variation in the diet, as well as differences between the diets of male/female and juvenile, sub-adult and adult dolphins. Although sampling is based on stranded dolphins, the majority showed evidence of having died as a consequence of interactions with fisheries (by-catch). The influence of cause of death on stomach contents was examined. The most important prey species were (small) blue whiting (Micromesistius poutassou), sardine (Sardina pilchardus) and scad (Trachurus sp.), all of high commercial importance in Galician waters, and (in the first quarter of the year), sand smelt Atherina sp. Interannual trends in the importance of sardine in the diet of common dolphins appear to track trends in spawning stock biomass. Preliminary estimates are also made for the amount of fish removed by the common dolphin population in Galician waters.
The time measurement problem in quantum cosmology
Creators: name: Kajuri, Nirmalya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the canonical approach to quantization of gravity, one often uses relational clock variables and an interpretation in terms of conditional probabilities to overcome the problem of time. In this essay we show that these suffer from serious conceptual issues.
description: 5 pages. Received Honorable Mention in the 2017 Gravity Research Foundation essay competition
A generalization of the maximum entropy principle for curved statistical manifolds
Creators: name: Morales, Pablo A.
name: Rosas, Fernando E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The maximum entropy principle (MEP) is one of the most prominent methods to investigate and model complex systems. Despite its popularity, the standard form of the MEP can only generate Boltzmann-Gibbs distributions, which are ill-suited for many scenarios of interest. As a principled approach to extend the reach of the MEP, this paper revisits its foundations in information geometry and shows how the geometry of curved statistical manifolds naturally leads to a generalization of the MEP based on the Rényi entropy. By establishing a bridge between non-Euclidean geometry and the MEP, our proposal sets a solid foundation for the numerous applications of the Rényi entropy, and enables a range of novel methods for complex systems analysis.
Abrupt Weaning Significantly Increases Mortality Following a Secondary Bacterial Respiratory Infection
Creators: name: Griebel, Philip J.
name: Hodgson, Paul D.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 2009

description: Secondary bacterial respiratory infections are a major cause of mortality in fall-weaned feedlot calves, and epidemiological studies implicate a variety of stressors as significant contributing factors. Experimental studies have identified stressors that may compromise pulmonary defense mechanisms but there is no evidence that these functional changes alter respiratory disease outcome. We used a model of combined viral and bacterial respiratory disease to determine if nutritional and psychological stressors (abrupt weaning; AW) altered respiratory disease mortality. Mortality was doubled in AW calves challenged with Mannheimia haemolytica four days after a primary bovine herpesvirus-1 (BHV-1) respiratory infection, when compared to calves adapted to weaning (pre-conditioned; PC) for two weeks prior to respiratory challenge. Reduced survival time and decreased lung pathology in the AW group suggested death was due to an acute systemic reaction. Viral shedding did not differ significantly between the two treatment groups. AW calves and all calves developing fatal pneumonia had significantly elevated interferon (IFN)-y levels in nasal secretions and increased systemic proinflammatory responses. Analysis of blood leukocytes revealed significantly increased CD14 and TLR4 gene expression in animals with fatal pneumonia. These analyses support the conclusion that stress enhanced innate immune responses to viral infection without altering the level of BHV-1 infection. These studies provide the first quantitative evidence that stress associated with abrupt weaning contributes significantly to fatal bovine respiratory disease.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2009
Proof of Cayley-Hamilton theorem using polynomials over the algebra of module endomorphisms
Creators: name: Muranov, Alexey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: History and Overview (math.HO)
subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 13C10, 15A15, Secondary 13-03

description: If $R$ is a commutative unital ring and $M$ is a unital $R$-module, then each element of $\operatorname{End}_R(M)$ determines a left $\operatorname{End}_{R}(M)[X]$-module structure on $\operatorname{End}_{R}(M)$, where $\operatorname{End}_{R}(M)$ is the $R$-algebra of endomorphisms of $M$ and $\operatorname{End}_{R}(M)[X] =\operatorname{End}_{R}(M)\otimes_RR[X]$. These structures provide a very short proof of the Cayley-Hamilton theorem, which may be viewed as a reformulation of the proof in Algebra by Serge Lang. Some generalisations of the Cayley-Hamilton theorem can be easily proved using the proposed method.
description: v2: 4 pages. v1: 3 pages
Structural Change in (Economic) Time Series
Creators: name: Kleiber, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Statistical Finance (q-fin.ST)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 62P20

description: Methods for detecting structural changes, or change points, in time series data are widely used in many fields of science and engineering. This chapter sketches some basic methods for the analysis of structural changes in time series data. The exposition is confined to retrospective methods for univariate time series. Several recent methods for dating structural changes are compared using a time series of oil prices spanning more than 60 years. The methods broadly agree for the first part of the series up to the mid-1980s, for which changes are associated with major historical events, but provide somewhat different solutions thereafter, reflecting a gradual increase in oil prices that is not well described by a step function. As a further illustration, 1990s data on the volatility of the Hang Seng stock market index are reanalyzed.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures
title: The influence of spatio-temporal egg production variability on the modelled survival of the early life history stages of mackerel (Scomber scombrus) in the eastern North Atlantic
Creators: name: Bartsch, Joachim
Publisher: name: ASC 2004 - Q - Theme session
Year: 2024
Subjects: Ecosystem observation, processes and dynamics
Bay of Biscay and the Iberian Coast (ICES Ecoregion)

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.During the EU-funded SEAMAR (Shelf-Edge Advection, Mortality And Recruitment) programme, an Individual-Based Model (IBM) was developed for the simulation of year-to-year survival of the early life history stages of mackerel (Scomber scombrus) in the eastern North Atlantic, extending from the Iberian peninsula to the north of the British Isles. The model system consists of a circulation model to provide physical input data for an IBM, which simulates the transport, growth and mortality of mackerel eggs, larvae and post-larvae. Larval and post-larval growth is modelled as a function of length, temperature and food distribution; mortality is modelled as a function of length and absolute growth rate. Simulations have previously been carried out for the years 1998, 1999 and 2000, in all cases using the same 1998 initial egg distribution as the input field. In the present contribution, the effects of varying the input field are examined by comparing simulations for 1998 and 2001 using initial egg distributions for 1998 and 2001, respectively, and also for a 2001 simulation using the 1998 egg data as input. Results showed that, using corresponding years of egg distribution for inputs, modelled survival for the years 1998 and 2001, was similar, although total egg production (i.e. the magnitude of the input field) in 2001 was only ~ 65% of that during 1998. The higher relative survival in 2001 results from differences in the timing of peak production, which was 5 weeks later in 2001 than in 1998 and also from higher overall food availability in 2001. Modelled survival for 2001 using 1998 egg data as the initial input field, increases survival by 60% compared with using 2001 egg data for initialisation. This is mainly a function of the increased egg production in 1998 as compared with 2001. Implications for using this IBM as a management tool are discussed
title: Geographic variability in sardine maturity and growth within the Atlanto-Iberian stock area
Creators: name: Silva, Alexandra
name: Santos, M. Begoña
name: Morais, Alexandre
name: Carrera, Pablo
name: Alvarez, Paula
name: Jorge, Afonso
name: Peleteiro, Eugenia
name: Caneco, Bruno
name: Porteiro, Carmela
name: Uriarte, Andrés
Publisher: name: ASC 2004 - Q - Theme session
Year: 2024
Subjects: Ecosystem observation, processes and dynamics
Bay of Biscay and the Iberian Coast (ICES Ecoregion)

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.A single sardine stock is considered in the European Atlantic waters within ICES Divisions VIIIc and IXa (Atlanto-Iberian sardine stock). A coordinated Portuguese-Spanish acoustic survey covering the entire stock area has been carried out annually in spring since 1996, to provide estimates of sardine abundance and biological parameters for the assessment of the stock. Up to now, biological parameters have been estimated for whole survey areas, which broadly correspond to the ICES Divisions. In this paper, we analyse sardine growth and maturation at a finer spatial scale. The stock area is divided into eight zones and estimates of maturity ogives and growth patterns are provided for each zone. A Generalised Linear Model is applied to maturity data by individual fish to estimate the probability of being mature at length in each zone and year and to assess the significance of maturation differences in space and time. Estimates of the proportion of adult and spawning sardine populations are also provided. The analysis of sardine growth is based on the comparison of mean lengths-at-age among years and zones. Unbiased estimates of the mean lengths-at-age and corresponding variances are obtained from age-length-keys raised to the population abundance at-length. Sardine maturity and growth patterns for the overall stock area and by zone, as well as their variations in recent years are described.
VOILA: Visual-Observation-Only Imitation Learning for Autonomous Navigation
Creators: name: Karnan, Haresh
name: Warnell, Garrett
name: Xiao, Xuesu
name: Stone, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: While imitation learning for vision based autonomous mobile robot navigation has recently received a great deal of attention in the research community, existing approaches typically require state action demonstrations that were gathered using the deployment platform. However, what if one cannot easily outfit their platform to record these demonstration signals or worse yet the demonstrator does not have access to the platform at all? Is imitation learning for vision based autonomous navigation even possible in such scenarios? In this work, we hypothesize that the answer is yes and that recent ideas from the Imitation from Observation (IfO) literature can be brought to bear such that a robot can learn to navigate using only ego centric video collected by a demonstrator, even in the presence of viewpoint mismatch. To this end, we introduce a new algorithm, Visual Observation only Imitation Learning for Autonomous navigation (VOILA), that can successfully learn navigation policies from a single video demonstration collected from a physically different agent. We evaluate VOILA in the photorealistic AirSim simulator and show that VOILA not only successfully imitates the expert, but that it also learns navigation policies that can generalize to novel environments. Further, we demonstrate the effectiveness of VOILA in a real world setting by showing that it allows a wheeled Jackal robot to successfully imitate a human walking in an environment using a video recorded using a mobile phone camera.
description: Under Submission to ICRA+RAL 2022