cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Development of a laser-wakefield Thomson source for medical imaging
Creators: name: Poder, Kristjan
name: Bohlen, S.
name: Brümmer, T.
name: Grüner, F.
name: Meisel, M.
name: Röckemann, J.-H.
name: Schaper, L.
name: Staufer, T.
name: Osterhoff, J.
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2018

description: Hamburg Alliance New Beams and Accelerators, Hamburg, Germany, 5 Sep 2018 - 7 Sep 2018
From "Take-it-or-leave-it" offers to "Take-it-or-be-left-out" Ultimatum - A trade mechanism for Online Services
Creators: name: Bodenstein, Christian
name: Schryen, Guido
name: Neumann, Dirk
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Posted Price, Ultimatum Game, Energy Efficiency, Mechanism Design
subject: 330 Wirtschaft
subject: 000 Allgemeines, Wissenschaft

description: In a world, where more and more businesses seem to trade in an online market, the supply of online services to supply the ever-growing demand could quickly reach its capacity limits. Online service providers may find themselves maxed out at peak operation levels during high-traffic timeslots but too little demand during low-traffic timeslots, although the latter is becoming less frequent. At this point not only deciding which user is allocated what level of service becomes essential, but also the magnitude of the service provided, can be controlled by pricing. Pricing is an important factor when efficient and acceptable allocation of resources between individuals must be reached. Without prices, transferring or sharing goods would be impossible. In sharing information, pricing a product however is not as simple as relatively pricing an apple or a pear. Often the costs, and hence the prices are simply unknown. Backed by this scenario, the online services market could be combined with the market design mechanism of diamonds. For this we propose an ultimatum pricing strategy which effectively allows for valuations to be accounted for, but no longer a necessity when pricing in grid, cloud or other online computing environments.
Do anti-spam measures effectively cover the e-mail communication network? A formal approach
Creators: name: Schryen, Guido
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: e-mail, spam, e-mail infrastructure, anti-spam measures, spamming options
subject: 000 Allgemeines, Wissenschaft

description: Spam e-mails have become a serious technological and economic problem. Up to now, by deploying complementary anti-spam measures, we have been reasonably able to withstand spam e-mails and use the Internet for regular communication. However, if we are to avert the danger of losing the Internet e-mail service in its capacity as a valuable, free and worldwide medium of open communication, anti-spam activities should be performed more systematically than is currently the case regarding the mainly heuristic, anti-spam measures in place. A formal framework, within which the existing delivery routes that a spam e-mail may take, and anti-spam measures and their effectiveness can be investigated, will perhaps encourage a shift in methodology and pave the way for new, holistic anti-spam measures. This paper presents a model of the Internet e-mail infrastructure as a directed graph and a deterministic finite automaton and draws on automata theory to formally derive the spam delivery routes. The most important anti-spam measures are then described. Methods controlling only specific delivery routes are evaluated in terms of how effectively they cover the modeled e-mail infrastructure; methods operating independently of any particular routes receive a more general assessment.
title: Osteogenesis imperfecta : about a case.
title: Ostéogenèse imparfaite : à propos d’un cas.
Creators: name: Saloua Afilal
Publisher: name: Revue Marocaine de Rhumatologie (RMR)
Year: 2018
Subjects: Fractures à répétition; Ostéogenèse imparfaite; Bisphosphonates.

description: Osteogenesis imperfecta is a rare genetic disorder caused by monoallelic mutations in the collagen type 1 gene. It associates highly variable skeletal and extra-skeletal manifestations.  Repeated spontaneous fractures resulting from bone fragility are the major symptom of diagnosis. We report the case of a 2-year-old child with osteogenesis imperfecta presenting  recurrent bone fractures since birth. The clinical examination included dentinogenesis imperfecta, sequential bone deformities at fractures and spinal scoliosis. The patient was treated parenterally with bisphosphonates. The evolution was marked by a clear decrease in the frequency of fractures. Centromedullary nailing is planned after three courses of bisphosphonates.
description: L’ostéogenèse imparfaite est une affection génétique rare due à des mutations monoallèliques du gène du collagène de type 1. Elle associe des manifestations squelettiques et extra squelettiques très variables. Les fractures spontanées à répétition résultant de la fragilité osseuse constituent le symptôme majeur. Nous rapportons le cas d’une enfant de 2 ans et demi atteinte d’une ostéogenèse imparfaite, présentant un tableau de fractures osseuses récidivantes depuis la naissance. L’examen clinique retrouvait une dentinogenèse imparfaite, des déformations osseuses séquellaires aux fractures et une scoliose rachidienne. La patiente a été mise sous bisphosphonates par voie parentérale. L’évolution a été marqué par une diminution nette de la fréquence de fractures. Un enclouage centro-médullaire est prévu après trois cures de bisphosphonates.
Evolution of ${4π}$-periodic Supercurrent in the Presence of In-plane Magnetic Field
Creators: name: Elfeky, Bassel Heiba
name: Cuozzo, Joseph J.
name: Lotfizadeh, Neda
name: Schiela, William F.
name: Strickland, William M.
name: Langone, Dylan
name: Rossi, Enrico
name: Shabani, Javad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the presence of a 4$π$-periodic contribution to the current phase relation, for example in topological Josephson junctions, odd Shapiro steps are expected to be missing. While missing odd Shapiro steps have been observed in several material systems and interpreted in the context of topological superconductivity, they have also been observed in topologically trivial junctions. Here, we study the evolution of such trivial missing odd Shapiro steps in Al-InAs junctions in the presence of an in-plane magnetic field $B^θ$. We find that the odd steps reappear at a crossover $B^θ$ value, exhibiting an in-plane field angle anisotropy that depends on spin-orbit coupling effects. We interpret this behavior by theoretically analyzing the Andreev bound state spectrum and the transitions induced by the non-adiabatic dynamics of the junction. Our results highlight the complex phenomenology of missing Shapiro steps and the underlying current phase relations in planar Josephson junctions designed to realize Majorana states.
Measuring Vector Boson Scattering at the future International Linear Collider
Creators: name: Beyer, Jakob
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2018

description: Masterarbeit, Technische Universität Dresden, 2018; 90 pp. (2018). doi:10.3204/PUBDB-2018-05085 = Masterarbeit, Technische Universität Dresden, 2018
description: Vector boson scattering (VBS) is considered a well-motivated target in the search for physics beyond the Standard Model (BSM). Setting stringent limits on BSM physics inthe Higgs and electroweak sector requires precision measurements of VBS. This is best done in the clean and controlled environment at high-energy electron-positron colliders.In this work, the sensitivity of the International Linear Collider (ILC) to VBS in hadronic final states is studied at √s = 1 TeV in the International Large Detector (ILD). Datasets from full detector simulations are used for this study.A key aspect of this analysis is the separation of the WW and ZZ final state. In the hadronic final state, this is done primarily through reconstructed boson masses. Themass peaks of the WW and ZZ final states are found to be well separated, but inconsistencies with previous studies are observed. Problems in the final state reconstruction are identified to originate from heavy jet reconstruction as well as jet clustering.Neutrino corrections for heavy quark jets are investigated. A promising approach based on the average kinematics in semi-leptonic decays is identified.The peak separation is tested for two versions of the ILD - a large and a small model - and found to not be visibly influenced.First steps towards a VBS analysis in an EFT framework are taken. No optimization of the cut analysis or application of corrections to heavy jets are done in this step, but are identified as important aspects of future analyses. Sensitive observables are extracted for reconstructed WW and ZZ signal regions. Significances of S/√B = 104 for WW final state events and 40 for ZZ events are observed.Assumptions made in recent theory-level studies which predict a sensitivity between 2 and 4 times better than current LHC analyses are confirmed to be roughly valid.
Elektronisches Papier - Display-Technologie mit weitem Anwendungsspektrum
Creators: name: Schryen, Guido
name: Karla, Jürgen
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Elektronisches Papier, Elektronische Tinte, E Ink, Gyricon Media, Displays, Mobile Endgeräte, Elektronische Zeitung
subject: 000 Allgemeines, Wissenschaft

description: Mit dem elektronischen Papier wird in der Displayforschung ein neuer materialtechnologischer Ansatz verfolgt: Elektronisches Papier besteht aus einer dünnen, flexiblen Folie, in der farbige Pigmente mittels elektrischer Felder ausgerichtet werden. Die Vorteile gegenüber traditionellen Technologien wie beispielsweise LCD-Displays bestehen zum einen in niedrigeren Herstellungskosten (niedrigere Produktionskosten und geringere Materialkosten) und einem geringeren Gewicht. Zum anderen entsteht eine bessere Lesbarkeit, da sich Reflexion, Kontrast und mögliche Betrachtungswinkel verbessern bzw. vergrößern. Diese Potenziale können bei Anzeigetafeln, Computerdisplays und mobilen Endgeräten ausgeschöpft werden. Mit der Eigenschaft, fast beliebige Materialien als Trägermedium zu verwenden, öffnet sich auch die Anwendungsmöglichkeit des biegsamen, elektronischen Mediums für Zeitungen und Zeitschriften. Die US-Unternehmen E Ink und Gyricon Media bieten eine zunehmend größere Produktpalette mit elektronischem Papier an.
Measuring eTrust in distributed systems - General Concept and Application to Internet Voting
Creators: name: Volkamer, Melanie
name: Schryen, Guido
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: distributed trust concepts, measuring etrust, Internet voting
subject: 330 Wirtschaft
subject: 000 Allgemeines, Wissenschaft

description: Emerging digital environments and infrastructures, such as distributed services and computing services, have generated new options of communication, information sharing, and resource utilization in past years. Different distributed trust concepts are applied to increase trust in such systems. However, these concepts yield to rather complex architectures which make it difficult to determine which component or system needs to be trusted. This paper presents a novel trust measurement method for distributed systems which enables the t identification of weak points in the overall system architecture. The measurement method includes the specification of a formal trust language and its representation by means of propositional logic formulas. The applicability of the proposed concepts is demonstrated by conducting a case study on the Internet voting system that was used in the 2007 parliamentary elections in Estonia.
The Impact that Placing Email Addresses on the Internet has on the Receipt of Spam – An Empirical Analysis
Creators: name: Schryen, Guido
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Address-obfuscating techniques, email, empirical analysis, honeypot, security by design, security by obscurity, spam
subject: 000 Allgemeines, Wissenschaft

description: Email communication is encumbered with a mass of email messages which their recipients have neither requested nor require. Even worse, the impacts of these messages are far from being simply an annoyance, as they also involve economic damage. This manuscript examines the resource “email addresses”, which is vital for any potential bulk mailer and spammer. Both a methodology and a honeypot conceptualization for implementing an empirical analysis of the usage of email addresses placed on the Internet are proposed here. Their objective is to assess, on a quantitative basis, the extent of the current harassment and its development over time. This “framework” is intended to be extensible to measuring the effectiveness of address-obscuring techniques. The implementation of a pilot honeypot is described, which led to key findings, some of them being: (1) Web placements attract more than two-thirds (70%) of all honeypot spam emails, followed by newsgroup placements (28.6%) and newsletter subscriptions (1.4%), (2) the proportions of spam relating to the email addresses’ top-level domain can be statistically assumed to be uniformly distributed, (3) More than 43% of addresses on the web have been abused, whereas about 27% was the case for addresses on newsgroups and only about 4% was the case for addresses used for a newsletter subscription, (4) Regarding the development of email addresses’ attractiveness for spammers over time, the service “web sites” features a negative linear relationship, whereas the service “Usenet” hows a negative exponential relationship. (5) Only 1.54% of the spam emails showed an interrelation between the topic of the spam email and that of the location where the recipient’s address was placed, so that spammers are assumed to send their emails in a “context insensitive” manner. The results of the empirical analysis motivate the need for the protection of email addresses through obscuration. We analyze this need by formulating requirements for address obscuring techniques and we reveal to which extent today’s most relevant approaches fulfill these requirements.
Detecting change points in the large-scale structure of evolving networks
Creators: name: Peel, Leto
name: Clauset, Aaron
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Interactions among people or objects are often dynamic in nature and can be represented as a sequence of networks, each providing a snapshot of the interactions over a brief period of time. An important task in analyzing such evolving networks is change-point detection, in which we both identify the times at which the large-scale pattern of interactions changes fundamentally and quantify how large and what kind of change occurred. Here, we formalize for the first time the network change-point detection problem within an online probabilistic learning framework and introduce a method that can reliably solve it. This method combines a generalized hierarchical random graph model with a Bayesian hypothesis test to quantitatively determine if, when, and precisely how a change point has occurred. We analyze the detectability of our method using synthetic data with known change points of different types and magnitudes, and show that this method is more accurate than several previously used alternatives. Applied to two high-resolution evolving social networks, this method identifies a sequence of change points that align with known external "shocks" to these networks.
An Analysis of Literature Reviews on IS Business Value: How Deficiencies in Methodology and Theory Use Resulted in Limited Effectiveness
Creators: name: Schryen, Guido
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Literature review, Business value, Information systems, Methodology, Theory
subject: 330 Wirtschaft
subject: 000 Allgemeines, Wissenschaft

description: Enduring doubts about the value of IS investments reveal that IS researchers have not fully managed to identify and to explain the economic benefits of IS. This paper assumes that literature reviews, which represent a powerful instrument for the identification and synthesis of knowledge, have not tapped their full potential to address this issue due to deficiencies in methodology. The analysis of 18 literature reviews published in pertinent academic outlets during the past 20 years shows such deficiencies. Two of the most critical weaknesses identified are (1) the lack of theory use in most reviews and (2) a weak linkage of reviews, resulting in little progress in theory and framework development. The systematic identification of these weaknesses and the extraction of promising methodological examples from past literature are the main contributions of this work, which supports the composition of more effective literature reviews in future research.
Anti-spam legislation: An analysis of laws and their effectiveness
Creators: name: Schryen, Guido
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: 000 Allgemeines, Wissenschaft

description: More than half of world-wide e-mail traffic – an estimated total of several billion e-mails per day – consists of spam. This is becoming a considerable disturbance to telecommunications. Spam is also closely related to other kinds of cyber crime as it possibly contains malicious software or is pursuing some kind of fraudulent aim, such as phishing. Besides technical and organizational measures, many countries have introduced anti-spam legislation. However, today's world-wide legislative coverage of spam is heterogeneous, and its effectiveness is controversially discussed. This article describes important parameters by which anti-spam legislation can vary and gives an overview and analysis of world-wide anti-spam legislation, including the European Directive 2002/58/EC, the U.S. CANSPAM Act of 2003, and international cooperation, such as the London Action Plan. The article then proceeds to discuss the effectiveness of current laws, and it identifies problems resulting from the fact that an international phenomenon is being addressed by national legislation. Finally, the article presents suggestions for overcoming some of these problems.
Star formation history, dust attenuation and extragalactic background light
Creators: name: Khaire, Vikram
name: Srianand, Raghunathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: At any given epoch, the Extragalactic Background Light (EBL) carries imprints of integrated star formation activities in the universe till that epoch. On the other hand, in order to estimate the EBL, when direct observations are not possible, one requires an accurate estimation of the star formation rate density (SFRD) and the dust attenuation ($A_ν$) in galaxies. Here, we present a 'progressive fitting method' that determines global average SFRD($z$) and $A_ν(z)$ for any given extinction curve by using the available multi-wavelength multi-epoch galaxy luminosity function measurements. Using the available observations, we determine the best fitted combinations of SFRD($z$) and $A_ν(z)$, in a simple fitting form, up to $z\sim8$ for five well known extinction curves. We find, irrespective of the extinction curve used, the $z$ at which the SFRD($z$) peaks is higher than the $z$ above which $A_ν(z)$ begins to decline. For each case, we compute the EBL from ultra-violet to the far-infrared and optical depth ($τ_γ$) encountered by the high energy $γ$-rays due to pair production upon collisions with these EBL photons. We compare these with measurements of the local EBL, $γ$-ray horizon and $τ_γ$ measurements using Fermi-LAT. All these and the comparison of independent SFRD($z$) and $A_ν(z)$ measurements from the literature with our predictions favor the extinction curve similar to that of Large Magellanic Cloud Supershell.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ. Updated figures and the references. Typos corrected
Data in Question. Survey on ELSI Challenges in Biobank-Based Research
Creators: name: Goisauf, Melanie
name: Martin, Gillian
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: The European biobanking landscape continues to develop and has
 become a key resource for biomedical research and innovation. The
 increasing role of biobanks to improve health and fostering innovation is
 accompanied by questions about the ethical, legal, and societal impacts
 (ELSI) of these infrastructures.
 Researchers and stakeholders in the field of biobanking are facing
 different social, ethical and legal challenges related to handling and
 sharing biological samples and health related data. These practices are
 directly impacted by new technologies and upcoming changes in
 European law, such as the new EU General Data Protection Regulation
 (GDPR), which will enhance the rights for data subjects regarding the
 processing of their personalised data. Improving informed consent is one of the key challenges in this regard, as
 samples and data may be shared widely between researchers and
 projects, with new possibilities for data linkage, particularly in the context
 of growing public-private partnerships within the health industry.
 This raises questions as to whether, and to what extent participants
 should be involved in future uses of their biomaterial in an emerging
 research infrastructure, where the exact purposes of samples collected
 prospectively are unclear at the time of donation and consent. Hence, the
 increasing possibilities for research, especially with data, emphasises the
 need to improve practices of informing and re-contacting participants, and
 to establish new tools for participant engagement.
A decision-theoretic foundation of IS business value research
Creators: name: Schryen, Guido
name: Bodenstein, Christian
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Decision theory, IT value, IS assessment, IS evaluation
subject: 000 Allgemeines, Wissenschaft

description: Enduring doubts about the value of IS investments reveal that IS researchers have not fully managed to identify and to explain the economic benefits of IS. Three research tasks are essential requisites on the path towards addressing this criticism: the synthesis of knowledge, the identification of lack of knowledge, and the proposition of paths for closing knowledge gaps. This paper considers each of these tasks by a) synthesizing key research findings based on a comprehensive literature review, b) identifying and unfolding key limitations of current research, and c) applying a decision-theoretic perspective, which opens new horizons to IS business value research and shows paths for overcoming the limitations. The adoption of this perspective results in a decision-theoretic foundation of IS business value research and includes the proposition of a consistent terminology and a research model that frames further research.
The Effective Hooperon
Creators: name: Alves, Alexandre
name: Profumo, Stefano
name: Queiroz, Farinaldo S.
name: Shepherd, William
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the possibility of explaining a gamma-ray excess in the Galactic Center, originally pointed out by Hooper, collaborators, and other groups, in an effective field theory framework. We assume that dark matter annihilation is mediated by particles heavy enough to be integrated out, and that such particles couple to all quark families. We calculate the effective coupling required to explain the annihilation signal in the Galactic Center, and compare with bounds from direct detection, collider searches, and the requirement that the dark matter particle make up the appropriate fraction of the universal energy budget. We find that only a very small set of operators can explain the gamma-ray excess while being consistent with other constraints. Specifically, for scalar dark matter the viable options are one scalar-type coupling to quarks and one interaction with gluons, while for fermionic (Dirac) dark matter the viable options are two scalar-type dimension-7 operators or a dimension-6 vector-type operator. In all cases, future searches with the Large Hadron Collider should probe the relevant operators' effective energy scale, while all viable interactions should escape direct detection experiments.
description: 13 pages, 2 Figures. Published in Phys. Rev. D with the Title:Effective field theory approach to the Galactic Center gamma-ray excess
Effektivität von Lösungsansätzen zur Bekämpfung von Spam
Creators: name: Schryen, Guido
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Spam, E-Mail, Spoofing, Blockieren, Filtern, Lightweight Mail Transfer Agent Authentication Protocol (LMAP)
subject: 000 Allgemeines, Wissenschaft

description: Spam als unerwünschte Massen-E-Mail hat die Grenze von der Belästigung zur ökonomischen Relevanz längst überschritten. Ihr relativer Anteil am gesamten, weltweiten E-Mail-Aufkommen stieg in den vergangenen Jahren auf mehr als 50% im Jahr 2003. Es entstehen jährlich volkswirtschaftliche Schäden in Milliardenhöhe. Zur Bekämpfung des Spam-Problems werden neben gesetzlichen Regelungen vor allem technische Lösungen eingesetzt, bei denen das Blockieren und Filtern von E-Mails in praktisch eingesetzten Anti-Spam-Systemen dominieren. Dieser Artikel führt in die Spam-Problematik ein und beschreibt, bewertet und klassifiziert die derzeit bedeutendsten Verfahren zur Bekämpfung von Spam.
Mediación familiar: Concepto, Modelos y Técnicas, Estructura y Etapas del Proceso de Mediación.pdf
Creators: name: Reguilón, Lidya
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 111707 Family Care
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 170106 Health, Clinical and Counselling Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: 160799 Social Work not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Una guia introductoria para cualquiera que le interese comprender el concepto de mediación familiar y sus características.
Central limit theorems and suppression of anomalous diffusion for systems with symmetry
Creators: name: Gottwald, Georg A.
name: Melbourne, Ian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37D25 (Primary) 37A50, 60F17, 37C80 (Secondary)

description: We give general conditions for the central limit theorem and weak convergence to Brownian motion (the weak invariance principle / functional central limit theorem) to hold for observables of compact group extensions of nonuniformly expanding maps. In particular, our results include situations where the central limit theorem would fail, and anomalous behaviour would prevail, if the compact group were not present. This has important consequences for systems with noncompact Euclidean symmetry and provides the rigorous proof for a conjecture made in our paper: A Huygens principle for diffusion and anomalous diffusion in spatially extended systems. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 110 (2013) 8411-8416.
description: Minor revisions
Characterization of monocyte-activating tumour cell membrane structures
Creators: name: Westenfelder, U.
name: Schraven, B.
name: Männel, Daniela N.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin
subject: Antigens, CD2
subject: Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte/immunology
subject: Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate/immunology
subject: CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/immunology
subject: Chromatography, Gel
subject: Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
subject: Glycosylation
subject: Humans
subject: Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
subject: Membrane Glycoproteins/immunology
subject: Molecular Weight
subject: Monocytes/immunology
subject: Receptors, Immunologic/immunology
subject: T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/immunology
subject: Tumor Cells, Cultured
subject: Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/biosynthesis

description: Tumor cells are known to activate monocytes/macrophages and it has been shown that this stimulation was conferred by tumour-cell membranes. In order to analyse the relevant structures for tumor cell-specific TNF-induction monocytes from healthy donors were cultured in the presence of plasma membrane preparations from Jurkat or K562 cells. Both tumour cell lines revealed a monocyte-stimulating plasma membrane component of about 45 kDa. The TNF-inducing factor exhibited characteristics of a glycoprotein with the carbohydrate moiety as the structure responsible for stimulation. CD2, a glycosylated T-cell specific membrane component, was identified as being involved in monocyte activation in the case of the Jurkat cells whereas the identity of the activating structure on K562 cells is still unknown. From the data presented here indicating the importance of carbohydrate structures for monocyte activation we conclude that altered glycosylation of cell surface molecules of tumour cells might be responsible for tumour cell-induced monocyte stimulation.
The fate of dynamical many-body localization in the presence of disorder
Creators: name: Roy, Analabha
name: Das, Arnab
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dynamical localization is one of the most startling manifestations of quantum interference, where the evolution of a simple system is frozen out under a suitably tuned coherent periodic drive. Here, we show that, although any randomness in the interactions of a many body system kills dynamical localization eventually, spectacular remnants survive even when the disorder is strong. We consider a disordered quantum Ising chain where the transverse magnetization relaxes exponentially with time with a decay time-scale $τ$ due to random longitudinal interactions between the spins. We show that, under external periodic drive, this relaxation slows down ($τ$ shoots up) by orders of magnitude as the ratio of the drive frequency $ω$ and amplitude $h_{0}$ tends to certain specific values (the freezing condition). If $ω$ is increased while maintaining the ratio $h_0/ω$ at a fixed freezing value, then $τ$ diverges exponentially with $ω.$ The results can be easily extended for a larger family of disordered fermionic and bosonic systems.
description: Accepted for publication in Physical Review B Rapid Communications
Spectral measures associated to rank two Lie groups and finite subgroups of $GL(2,\mathbb{Z})$
Creators: name: Evans, David E.
name: Pugh, Mathew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spectral measures for fundamental representations of the rank two Lie groups $SU(3)$, $Sp(2)$ and $G_2$ have been studied. Since these groups have rank two, these spectral measures can be defined as measures over their maximal torus $\mathbb{T}^2$ and are invariant under an action of the corresponding Weyl group, which is a subgroup of $GL(2,\mathbb{Z})$. Here we consider spectral measures invariant under an action of the other finite subgroups of $GL(2,\mathbb{Z})$. These spectral measures are all associated with fundamental representations of other rank two Lie groups, namely $\mathbb{T}^2=U(1) \times U(1)$, $U(1) \times SU(2)$, $U(2)$, $SU(2) \times SU(2)$, $SO(4)$ and $PSU(3)$.
description: 39 pages, 46 figures; new results added in Section 9, new Section 3.2, minor improvements to exposition throughout
Good Governance Practices In the Training and Academic Institutions of the Ethiopian Ministry of National Defense: the Case of Selected Colleges
Creators: name: DAWIT MAMUYE
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017

description: Taking the importance of good governance in to consideration in a country like Ethiopia, the researcher conducted his research on the title of assessing good governance practices in the ministry of national defense education and training main department with the reference of three selected colleges.

The main objective of this study was to assess the application of good governance, satisfaction of the customers and the challenges that occurred during the implementation of good governance in the colleges. The researcher used descriptive survey study to conduct this research and the data were collected through the instruments of questionnaire, interview and document review and then the data which were collected through these methods were analyzed. Based on the analysis conducted using five core elements of good governance namely accountability, transparency, equity, effectiveness and efficiency and customer participation, the strong and weak aspect of implementation of good governance were observed. Based on the failures observed some recommendation were made in order to minimalize or totally avoid the failures
MPEC 2024-C39 : 2024 AZ10
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2024 AZ10

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Spectral curves and $W$-representations of matrix models
Creators: name: Mironov, A.
name: Morozov, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explain how the spectral curve can be extracted from the ${\cal W}$-representation of a matrix model. It emerges from the part of the ${\cal W}$-operator, which is linear in time-variables. A possibility of extracting the spectral curve in this way is important because there are models where matrix integrals are not yet available, and still they possess all their important features. We apply this reasoning to the family of WLZZ models and discuss additional peculiarities which appear for the non-negative value of the family parameter $n$, when the model depends on additional couplings (dual times). In this case, the relation between topological and $1/N$ expansions is broken. On the other hand, all the WLZZ partition functions are $τ$-functions of the Toda lattice hierarchy, and these models also celebrate the superintegrability properties.
description: 25 pages
E-Democracy: Internet Voting
Creators: name: Schryen, Guido
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Internet Voting, Online polls, E-Democracy, Security
subject: 330 Wirtschaft
subject: 000 Allgemeines, Wissenschaft

description: Voting via the Internet is part of electronic government and electronic democracy. However, there are many obstacles which have to be overcome, especially legal restrictions have to be transformed into technical and security solutions. In the first part the article discusses advantages and disadvantages of Internet elections, shows different application fields, and presents important international pilot schemes (political and business ones). in the second part, due to democratic basic principles, technological security aspects are worked out.
CaFeAs$_2$: a Staggered Intercalation of Quantum Spin Hall and High Temperature Superconductivity
Creators: name: Wu, Xianxin
name: Qin, Shengshan
name: Liang, Yi
name: Le, Congcong
name: Fan, Heng
name: Hu, Jiangping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We predict that CaFeAs$_2$, a newly discovered iron-based high temperature (T$_c$) superconductor, is a staggered intercalation compound that integrates topological quantum spin hall (QSH) and superconductivity (SC). CaFeAs$_2$ has a structure with staggered CaAs and FeAs layers. While the FeAs layers are known to be responsible for high T$_c$ superconductivity, we show that with spin orbital coupling each CaAs layer is a $Z_{2}$ topologically nontrivial two-dimensional QSH insulator and the bulk is a 3-dimensional weak topological insulator. In the superconducting state, the edge states in the CaAs layer are natural 1D topological superconductors. The staggered intercalation of QSH and SC provides us an unique opportunity to realize and explore novel physics, such as Majorana modes and Majorana Fermions chains.
description: 4.5 pages, 5 figures + supplemental material,published version
Actions of finite rank: weak rational ergodicity and partial rigidity
Creators: name: Danilenko, Alexandre I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37A

description: A simple proof of the fact that each rank-one infinite measure preserving (i.m.p.) transformation is subsequence weakly rationally ergodic is found. Some classes of funny rank-one i.m.p. actions of Abelian groups are shown to be subsequence weakly rationally ergodic. A constructive definition of finite funny rank for actions of arbitrary infinite countable groups is given. It is shown that the ergodic i.m.p. transformations of balanced finite funny rank are subsequence weakly rationally ergodic. It is shown that the ergodic probability preserving transformations of exact finite rank, the ergodic Bratteli-Vershik maps corresponding to the "consequtively ordered" Bratteli diagrams of finite rank, some their generalizations and the ergodic IETs are partially rigid.
FAILURE ANALYSIS AND DESIGN MODIFICATION OF VEHICLE DRIVE SHAFT
Creators: name: DANIEL MENGISTU MULETA
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: The driveshaft is one of the most commonly failed components in vehicles. Recent studies show that fatigue cracks that initiate in the region of the output splines are the main cause of the failure. This study was mainly aimed at identifying the effects of the spline root fillet radius and the number of teeth on the design modification of the driveshaft. In this regard, the Finite element method was incorporated to analyze the total deformation, the local stress concentration around the critical areas under the static operating conditions, and fatigue behaviors during the operation. Moreover, theoretical calculations were used to evaluate the equivalent (Von-mises) stress and the factor of safety of the driveshaft around the output splines according to ANSI standard. The theoretical calculations of the equivalent stress under the static conditions and the factor of safety were used as a benchmark for the simulations, and the results are in good agreement with each other. Moreover, from the plot of the effect of the shoulder fillet on the stress concentration, the optimum fillet radius was found and used in the design modification of the driveshaft
Fragile-to-fragile Liquid Transition at Tg and Stable-Glass Phase Nucleation Rate Maximum at the Kauzmann Temperature TK
Creators: name: Tournier, Robert Felix
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An undercooled liquid is unstable. The driving force of the glass transition at Tg is a change of the undercooled-liquid Gibbs free energy. The classical Gibbs free energy change for a crystal formation is completed including an enthalpy saving. The crystal growth critical nucleus is used as a probe to observe the Laplace pressure change Dp accompanying the enthalpy change -Vm *Dp at Tg where Vm is the molar volume. A stable glass-liquid transition model predicts the specific heat jump of fragile liquids at temperatures smaller than Tg, the Kauzmann temperature TK where the liquid entropy excess with regard to crystal goes to zero, the equilibrium enthalpy between TK and Tg, the maximum nucleation rate at TK of superclusters containing magic atom numbers, and the equilibrium latent heats at Tg and TK. Strong-to-fragile and strong-to-strong liquid transitions at Tg are also described and all their thermodynamic parameters are determined from their specific heat jumps. The existence of fragile liquids quenched in the amorphous state, which do not undergo liquid-liquid transition during heating preceding their crystallization, is predicted. Long ageing times leading to the formation at TK of a stable glass composed of superclusters containing up to 147 atoms, touching and interpenetrating, are evaluated from nucleation rates. A fragile-to-fragile liquid transition occurs at Tg without stable-glass formation while a strong glass is stable after transition.
description: 42 pages, 19 figures, 7 tables, 150 references; this work has not been published; version 2 is the same as version 1 due transmission errors. The conclusion in this version 3 has been extended compared to the first one. Version 4: minor changes. Part of nucleation rate calculations are presented in Appendix A and B. New references devoted to phase transition are added. Eq (42,48) are corrected
Progenitors of Supernovae Type Ia and Chemical Enrichment in Hydrodynamical Simulations -I. The Single Degenerate Scenario
Creators: name: Jimenez, Noelia
name: Tissera, Patricia B.
name: Matteucci, Francesca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nature of the Type Ia supernovae (SNIa) progenitors remains still uncertain. This is a major issue for galaxy evolution models since both chemical and energetic feedback play a major role in the gas dynamics, star formation and therefore in the overall stellar evolution. The progenitor models for the SNIa available in the literature propose different distributions for regulating the explosion times of these events. These functions are known as the Delay Time Distributions (DTDs). This work is the first one in a series of papers aiming at studying five different DTDs for SNIa. Here, we implement and analyse the Single Degenerate scenario (SD) in galaxies dominated by a rapid quenching of the star formation, displaying the majority of the stars concentrated in the bulge component. We find a good fit to both the present observed SNIa rates in spheroidal dominated galaxies, and to the [O/Fe] ratios shown by the bulge of the Milky Way. Additionally, the SD scenario is found to reproduce a correlation between the specific SNIa rate and the specific star formation rate, which closely resembles the observational trend, at variance with previous works. Our results suggest that SNIa observations in galaxies with very low and very high specific star formation rates can help to impose more stringent constraints on the DTDs and therefore on SNIa progenitors.
description: 19 pages, 6 figures, 1 table. Accepted for publication in ApJ
The SWAP Imposter: Bidirectional Quantum Teleportation and its Performance
Creators: name: Siddiqui, Aliza U.
name: Wilde, Mark M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bidirectional quantum teleportation is a fundamental protocol for exchanging quantum information between two parties. Specifically, the two individuals make use of a shared resource state as well as local operations and classical communication (LOCC) to swap quantum states. In this work, we concisely highlight the contributions of our companion paper [Siddiqui and Wilde, arXiv:2010.07905]. We develop two different ways of quantifying the error of nonideal bidirectional teleportation by means of the normalized diamond distance and the channel infidelity. We then establish that the values given by both metrics are equal for this task. Additionally, by relaxing the set of operations allowed from LOCC to those that completely preserve the positivity of the partial transpose, we obtain semidefinite programming lower bounds on the error of nonideal bidirectional teleportation. We evaluate these bounds for some key examples -- isotropic states and when there is no resource state at all. In both cases, we find an analytical solution. The second example establishes a benchmark for classical versus quantum bidirectional teleportation. Another example that we investigate consists of two Bell states that have been sent through a generalized amplitude damping channel (GADC). For this scenario, we find an analytical expression for the error, as well as a numerical solution that agrees with the former up to numerical precision.
description: 14 pages, 9 figures, this paper will be submitted to the Jonathan P. Dowling Memorial Special Issue of AVS Quantum Science and draws upon material from arXiv:2010.07975
Epimorphisms between linear orders
Creators: name: Camerlo, Riccardo
name: Carroy, Raphaël
name: Marcone, Alberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 06A05 (Primary) 06A07 (Secondary)

description: We study the relation on linear orders induced by order preserving surjections. In particular we show that its restriction to countable orders is a bqo.
description: 15 pages; in version 2 we corrected some typos and rewrote the paragraphs introducing the results of subsection 3.3 (statements and proofs are unchanged)
Three types of Landauer's erasure principle: a microscopic view
Creators: name: Oriols, Xavier
name: Nikolić, Hrvoje
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An important step to incorporate information in the second law of thermodynamics was done by Landauer, showing that the erasure of information implies an increase in heat. Most attempts to justify Landauer's erasure principle are based on thermodynamic argumentations. Here, using just the time-reversibility of classical microscopic laws, we identify three types of the Landauer's erasure principle depending on the relation between the two final environments: the one linked to a logical input 1 and the other to the logical input 0. The strong type (which is the original Landauer's formulation) requires the final environments to be in thermal equilibrium. The intermediate type giving the entropy change of $k_B \ln 2$ occurs when the two final environments are identical macroscopic states. Finally, the weak Landauer's principle, providing information erasure with no entropy change, when the two final environments are macroscopically different. Even though the above results are formally valid for classical erasure gates, a discussion on their natural extension to quantum scenarios is presented. This paper strongly suggests that the original Landauer's principle (based on the assumption of thermalized environments) is fully reasonable for microelectronics, but it becomes less reasonable for future few-atoms devices working at THz frequencies. Thus, the weak and intermediate Landauer's principles, where the erasure of information is not necessarily linked to heat dissipation, are worth investigating.
description: 41 pages, 8 figures