cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Spatial effects on the speed and reliability of protein-DNA search
Creators: name: Wunderlich, Zeba
name: Mirny, Leonid A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Strong experimental and theoretical evidence shows that transcription factors and other specific DNA-binding proteins find their sites using a two-mode search: alternating between 3D diffusion through the cell and 1D sliding along the DNA. We consider the role spatial effects in the mechanism on two different scales. First, we reconcile recent experimental findings by showing that the 3D diffusion of the transcription factor is often local, i.e. the transcription factor lands quite near its dissociation site. Second, we discriminate between two types of searches: global searches and local searches. We show that these searches differ significantly in average search time and the variability of search time. Using experimentally measured parameter values, we also show that 1D and 3D search is not optimally balanced, leading to much larger estimates of search time. Together, these results lead to a number of biological implications including suggestions of how prokaryotes and eukaryotes achieve rapid gene regulation and the relationship between the search mechanism and noise in gene expression.
description: 16 pages, 4 figures
Feedback spin resonance in superconducting CeCu$_2$Si$_2$ and CeCoIn$_5$
Creators: name: Eremin, I.
name: Zwicknagl, G.
name: Thalmeier, P.
name: Fulde, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the recently observed spin resonance modes in heavy-fermion superconductors CeCoIn$_5$ and CeCu$_2$Si$_2$ are magnetic excitons originating from superconducting quasiparticles. The wave vector ${\bf Q}$ of the resonance state leads to a powerful criterion for the symmetry and node positions of the unconventional gap function. The detailed analysis of the superconducting feedback on magnetic excitations reveals that the symmetry of the superconducting gap corresponds to a singlet $d_{x^2-y^2}$ state symmetry in both compounds. In particular this resolves the long-standing ambiguity of the gap symmetry in CeCoIn$_5$. We demonstrate that in both superconductors the resonance peak shows a significant dispersion away from ${\bf Q}$ that should be observed experimentally. Our results suggest a unifying nature of the resonance peaks in the two heavy-fermion superconductors and in layered cuprates.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Partial Least Squares Methods for Non-Metric Data
Creators: name: Russolillo, Giorgio
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2009

description: Partial Least Squares (PLS) methods embrace a suite of data analysis techniques based on algorithms belonging to PLS family. These algorithms consist in various extensions of the Nonlinear estimation by Iterative PArtial Least Squares (NIPALS) algorithm,  which was proposed by Herman Wold as an alternative algorithm for implementing a Principal Component Analysis. The peculiarity of this algorithm is that it calculates principal components by means of an iterative sequence of simple ordinary least squares regressions. This feature allows overcoming computational problems due to missing data or  landscape data matrices, i.e. matrix having more columns than rows.

PLS methods were born to handle data sets forming metric spaces. This involves that all the variables embedded in the analysis are observed on interval or ratio scales.

In this work we evidenced how NIPALS based algorithms, properly adjusted, can work as optimal scaling algorithms. This new feature of PLS, which had been until now totally unexplored, allowed us to device a new suite of PLS methods: the Non-Metric PLS (NM-PLS) methods.

NM-PLS methods can be used with different aims:
- to analyze at the same time variables observed on different measurement scales;
- to investigate non linearity;
- to discard the hard assumption of linearity in favor of a milder assumption of monotonicity.

In particular, these methods generalize standard NIPALS, PLS Regression and PLS Path Modeling in such a way to handle variables observed on a variety of measurement scales, as well as to cope with non linearity problems.

Three new algorithms are been proposed to implement NM-PLS methods: the Non-Metric NIPALS algorithm, the Non-Metric PLS Regression algorithm, and the Non-Metric PLS Path Modeling algorithm.

All these algorithms provide at the same time specific PLS model parameters as well as scaling values for variables to be scaled.

Scaling values provided by these algorithms are been proved to be optimal, in the sense that they optimize the same criterion of the model in which they are involved. Moreover, they are suitable, since they respect the constraints depending on which among the properties of the original measurement scale we want to preserve.
ЭПИДЕМИОЛОГИЯ РАКА ЛЁГКОГО И ПРОБЛЕМЫ СКРИНИНГА
Creators: name: Абдуллаева, Нина
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: В этой статье обсуждаются дополнительные диагностические тесты, такие как рак легких, наиболее распространенный и смертельный рак в мире, для выявления подозрительных поражений с помощью компьютерной томографии, биопсии или пункции петлевого эндобронхиального ультразвука (LEB-US).
Description of BTEX concentrations with wind roses in Tehran city: the study of monitoring, GIS-zoning maps and risk assessment
Creators: name: Shahamat, Yousef Dadban
name: Khani, Mohammad Reza
name: Ghahrchi, Mina
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: In the present study, the emission of BTEX compounds has been investigated in a one-year period (2016–2017) in Tehran city. According to, 26 sampling stations were selected in different parts of the city and had been sampled in four seasons of year to determine the concentration of BTEX as well as other meteorological parameters such as temperature, humidity and wind speed. Spatial distribution analysis of BTEX was introduced by using the Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW) method in Arc GIS 10.3. Also, to determine the carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risk of target compounds, Monte Carlo simulation was used. The results showed that the annual mean of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, m-xylene and o-xylene were 30.08 ± 21.97, 54.17 ± 40.29, 25.81 ± 15.21, 27.83 ± 19.1 and 23.16 ± 12.28 μg/m3, respectively. According to the result, the maximum and minimum concentrations of BTEX were in the center and north of the city, respectively. Temporally, the maximum value of BTEX was 232.61 ± 123.93 µg/m3 in the autumn and the minimum value was 57.88 ± 24.93 µg/m3 in the spring. The result obtains from the inhalation lifetime cancer risk (LTCR) indicative the carcinogenic potential of benzene. Noncarcinogenic risk index, namely the hazard quotient (HQ) for all BTEX compound except benzene concentration in the autumn (1.55), were lower than 1 degree so they were not harmful to human health.
Sviluppo di Sistemi Microparticellari Biodegradabili nella Veicolazione di Farmaci
Creators: name: Giovino, Concetta
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2009

description: Lo sviluppo di Drug Delivery Systems sempre più sofisticati rappresenta oggi la ricerca di frontiera nel settore tecnologico-farmaceutico. In tale ambito, il lavoro di ricerca oggetto della tesi di dottorato  ha avuto come obiettivo la progettazione, la realizzazione e l’applicazione di sistemi microparticellari per il rilascio modificato di biofarmaci al polmone. Tali sistemi sono stati progettati per essere somministrati per via inalatoria direttamente in forma di polvere secca. A tal fine, sono state sviluppate particelle porose di grandi dimensioni o Large porous particles (LPP) che rappresentano una valida strategia formulativa per l’ottenimento di polveri respirabili. L’impiego, poi, di materiali a base di polimeri d’uso consolidato, quali l’acido poli(lattico-co-glicolico), può essere di grande aiuto nella produzione di polveri che combinino l’abilità di raggiungere il sito bersaglio ad una attività terapeutica a lungo termine. In particolare, tali sistemi possono migliorare la stabilità in vivo del farmaco veicolato, diminuirne la tossicità, prolungarne il tempo di permanenza in situ e permettere la combinazione con altri principi attivi o eccipienti di supporto (e.g., promotori d’assorbimento).
Il lavoro di tesi si è articolato in due fasi successive. Entrambe le fasi di ricerca hanno previsto uno studio approfondito di tipo tecnologico-formulativo confortato, poi, da studi farmacologici condotti in collaborazione con il Dipartimento di Farmacologia Sperimentale di questa Università. Nel corso della prima fase sono state studiate le potenzialità applicative di LPP a base di PLGA per il rilascio al polmone di insulina. Sulla base dell’esperienza maturata, nell’ambito di un progetto finanziato dalla Fondazione Italiana per la Fibrosi Cistica (FFC#5/2007), sono state sviluppate LPP a base di PLGA per il rilascio controllato al polmone di un decoy ODN diretto contro NF-B per il trattamento della fibrosi cistica. I dati raccolti dimostrano che le LPP di PLGA progettate rappresentano un carrier sicuro ed efficace per il rilascio controllato di proteine ed oligonucleotidi al polmone. Le polveri contenenti insulina raggiungono gli alveoli, rilasciano la proteina che, assorbita in forma attiva, mostra un’efficacia terapeutica dose-dipendente. Modificando il progetto formulativo, è stato possibile ottenere LPP in grado di rilasciare lentamente un dec-ODN a livello locale, inibire l’attivazione di NF-B e ridurre i livelli di IL-6 ed IL-8. Pertanto, le LPP sviluppate rappresentano anche un ottimo carrier per ridurre l’infiammazione cronica polmonare nei pazienti affetti da fibrosi cistica.
Algebraic approach to multiple defects on the line and application to Casimir force
Creators: name: Mintchev, M.
name: Ragoucy, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An algebraic framework for quantization in presence of arbitrary number of point-like defects on the line is developed. We consider a scalar field which interacts with the defects and freely propagates away of them. As an application we compute the Casimir force both at zero and finite temperature. We derive also the charge density in the Gibbs state of a complex scalar field with defects. The example of two delta-defects is treated in detail.
description: 24 pages, 10 figures
Anisotropic compact stars in the mimetic gravitational theory
Creators: name: Nashed, G. G. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we consider the mimetic gravitational theory to derive a novel category of anisotropic star models. To end and to put the resulting differential equations into a closed system, the form of the metric potential $g_{rr}$ as used by Tolman (Tolman 1939) is assumed as well as a linear form of the equation-of-state. The resulting energy-momentum components, energy-density, and radial and tangential pressures contain five constants; three of these are determined through the junction condition, matching the interior with the exterior Schwarzschild solution the fourth is constrained by the vanishing of the radial pressure on the boundary and the fifth is constrained by a real compact star. The physical acceptability of our model is tested using the data of the pulsar 4U 1820-30. The stability of this model is evaluated using the Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff equation and the adiabatic index and it is shown to be stable. Finally, our model is challenged with other compact stars demonstrating that it is consistent with those stars.
description: 18 pages, 7 figures 2 tables
Taking Flight: Citizens for butterfly conservation
Creators: name: Soman, Gaurav
Publisher: name: Mumbai Butterfly Meet 2023
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Lepidoptera
subject: Nature conservation
subject: Garden
subject: Home garden
subject: Natural science
subject: Citizen Science
subject: Butterflies
subject: Observation

description: Butterflies are not only aesthetically beautiful but are also ecologically significant pollinators, whose numbers and diversity are indicators of a healthy ecosystem. Butterfly caterpillars play a crucial role in breaking down complex molecules and releasing nutrients back into the soil, while predators such as ants, wasps, spiders, dragonflies, and birds depend on them as a principal food source. Any harm to butterflies can disturb the ecosystem in the long run, and there is a pressing need for their conservation. The presentation encourages citizens to understand butterflies better and contribute to their conservation, especially in cities where pollution threatens their populations
Simulazioni Numeriche e Geocronologia delle Eruzioni Vulcaniche Esplosive: approcci multidisciplinari per lo studio del vulcanismo Campano
Creators: name: Lepore, Simone
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2010

description: Scopo della tesi è fornire un contributo alla mitigazione del rischio vulcanico attraverso innovative metodologie quantitative. Sono sviluppati due filoni di ricerca, di cui il più importante riguarda la simulazione numerica, attraverso modelli fisico-matematici, della dinamica delle colonne collassanti e delle associate correnti di densità piroclastiche. Le simulazioni sono utilizzate sia per la ricostruzione del comportamento fisico di alcune fasi delle correnti di densità piroclastiche da eruzioni di diversa magnitudo, ossia i piccoli tuff-cone localizzati nell’area urbana Napoletana e il grande evento freatopliniano che ha determinato la messa in posto del Tufo Giallo Napoletano, sia per la riproduzione dell’impatto delle correnti di densità piroclastiche sull’abitato di Pompei durante l’eruzione vesuviana del 79 d.C.. L’altro filone di ricerca concerne la ricostruzione della storia eruttiva nell’area vulcanica Napoletana mediante datazioni geocronologiche di alcuni depositi piroclastici preistorici. Esse hanno permesso di identificare correttamente la sequenza dei vari eventi eruttivi del complesso vulcanico Napoletano e di ampliare l’intervallo di attività precedentemente definito per la storia vulcanica Napoletana dilatandolo a circa 80 mila anni. La determinazione dell’età geocronologica delle eruzioni Napoletane e la modellizzazione di alcune tipologie di correnti di densità piroclastiche che hanno interessato il distretto vulcanico Flegreo rappresentano un elemento fondamentale per la realizzazione di specifiche carte di pericolosità vulcanica dell’area Napoletana ed un contributo significativo alla mitigazione del rischio.
Studio dei processi di resistenza a Fusarium oxisporum f. sp. Radicis-Lycopersici in pomodoro
Creators: name: Ferriello, Francesca
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2010

description: Il F. oxysporum fs radicis-lycopersici (Forl) è l’agente del marciume del coletto e delle radici in pomodoro. Negli ultimi anni questo patogeno è stato un fattore limitante nella produzione del pomodoro. Lo studio dei geni implicati nella risposta di resistenza a questa malattia potrebbe facilitare la selezione di piante resistenti al patogeno.
Le analisi trascrittomiche hanno facilitato lo studio di molti patosistemi. In questo lavoro è stata studiata l’interazione patogeno-pomodoro attraverso diversi approcci trascrittomici: microarray, Real Time PCR e librerie cDNA.
Limiting fragmentation from scale-invariant merging of fast partons
Creators: name: Bialas, A.
name: Bzdak, A.
name: Peschanski, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Exploiting the idea that the fast partons of an energetic projectile can be treated as sources of color radiation interpreted as wee partons, it is shown that the recently observed property of extended limiting fragmentation implies a scaling law for the rapidity distribution of fast partons. This leads to a picture of a self-similar process where, for fixed total rapidity Y, the sources merge with probability varying as 1/y.
description: 10 pages, 1 figure (2 eps files). Final version, also updated w.r.t. the published version in Phys. Lett. B665/1 (2008) pp. 35-38
Thermal Real Scalar Triplet Dark Matter
Creators: name: Katayose, Taisuke
name: Matsumoto, Shigeki
name: Shirai, Satoshi
name: Watanabe, Yu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Real scalar triplet dark matter, which is known to be an attractive candidate for a thermal WIMP, is comprehensively studied paying particular attention to the Sommerfeld effect on the dark matter annihilation caused by the weak interaction and the other interaction between the dark matter and the Higgs boson. We find a parameter region that includes the so-called 'WIMP-Miracle' one is still surviving, i.e. it respects all constraints imposed by dark matter searches at collider experiments, underground experiments (direct detection) and astrophysical observations (indirect detection). The region is also found to be efficiently searched for by various near future experiments. In particular, the XENONnT experiment will cover almost the entire parameter region.
description: 21 pages, 16 figures
Heavy quarkonium hybrids from Coulomb gauge QCD
Creators: name: Guo, Peng
name: Szczepaniak, Adam P.
name: Galata, Giuseppe
name: Vassallo, Andrea
name: Santopinto, Elena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the non-relativisitc reduction of Coulomb gauge QCD we compute spectrum of the low mass hybrid mesons containing a heavy quark-antiquark pair. The gluon degrees of freedom are treated in the mean field approximation calibrated to the gluelump spectrum. We discuss the role of the non-abelian nature of the QCD Coulomb interaction in the ordering of the spin-parity levels.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures
A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE CARDIO-THORACIC RATIO AND WEIGHT AMONG STUDENTS OF DELTA STATE UNIVERSITY, ABRAKA
Creators: name: ENYE L. A
name: ANIBOR E
name: IGHOGBOJA O. O
name: SAKA O. S
name: ADEKEYE A. O
name: SAKA A. A
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Cardio-Thoracic Ratio; Weight; Abraka; Chest Radiographs.

description:  

Abstract

Background: The cardio-thoracic ratio (CTR) is a method of practically determining the heart size by relating it to the total thoracic width and it is expressed as a ratio. The term body weight could be referred to the diet or physical activities the individual engages in. This study determined the relationship between an individual’s CTR and weight.  Methods: The study was carried out on 200 students of Delta State University, Abraka. Their chest radiographs were gotten and the CTR was measured and calculated. The weights of the individuals were also measured. Results: The research result presents that the correlation between CTR and weight is poor, with r = 0.086 and 0.115 for male and female respectively. Conclusion: This therefore shows that cardiothoracic ratio is least affected by the variations of body weight.
Femminismo e Postcolonialismo: il dibattito sullo sviluppo internazionale: uno studio di caso in Eritrea
Creators: name: Messina, Serena
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2006

description: Oggetto della presente ricerca è il dibattito femminista postcoloniale e transnazionale, con particolare riferimento al ruolo che i progetti di cooperazione allo sviluppo svolgono nella vita delle donne. Il dibattito è analizzato in relazione alla ricerca sul campo in Eritrea dove, attraverso una Gender Analysis, ho potuto verificare i principi teorici nel contesto specifico dell’Organizzazione non governativa Manitese.
L’idea di questa tesi è nata dai miei precedenti lavori con le donne dell’ Honduras e della Bolivia. In queste esperienze “sul campo” mi sono trovata spesso a fare i conti con quella condizione di “straniera in terra straniera” che Iain Chambers ha illustrato nel suo libro “Paesaggi migratori”. Ho potuto quindi costatare personalmente i limiti e le contraddizioni del mio pensiero di “donna bianca occidentale” nel relazionarmi con culture così diverse dalla mia. Uno degli obiettivi della ricerca è stato proprio quello di accogliere queste contraddizioni, fare spazio ai dubbi e agli interrogativi che naturalmente sorgono quando si parla di cooperazione internazionale e dinamiche interculturali.
La critica postcoloniale rappresenta, quindi, il contenitore teorico di questo lavoro attraverso il quale sono riuscita ad approfondire l’eredità culturale di cui sono portatrice e, soprattutto, a giungere ad un nuovo, e maggiormente critico, senso del mio agire all’interno delle Ong internazionali. Nel concreto, ho provato a riflettere questi aspetti teorici nei limiti dei confini eritrei e, in particolare, dei progetti realizzati nel paese dall’Ong Manitese. Le attività delle donne eritree, i loro ruoli, le possibilità e i problemi sono la visione principale di questa ricerca che facendo riferimento a indicazioni postcoloniali propone il racconto della storia di un paese e, più in particolare, di una Organizzazione non governativa, relativamente piccola, che lavora in una delle tante periferie del nostro mondo.
The aggregation of striped nanoparticles in mixed phospholipid bilayers
Creators: name: Nash, Anthony
name: Noh, Sang Young
name: Notman, Rebecca
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: 30402 Biomolecular Modelling and Design
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 30301 Chemical Characterisation of Materials
subject: 30403 Characterisation of Biological Macromolecules
subject: Computational Chemistry
subject: 30302 Nanochemistry and Supramolecular Chemistry
subject: 30799 Theoretical and Computational Chemistry not elsewhere classified

description: The unique and adjustable properties of nanoparticles present enormous opportunities for their use as targeted drug delivery vectors. For example, nanoparticles functionalized with key surface ligands have been shown to pass through phospholipid bilayers without causing localised disruption. However, the further effects nanoparticles have on multi-component phospholipid bilayers remain unclear. We use coarse-grained computational models to investigate the structural properties of mixed phospholipid bilayers in the presence of ligand-functionalized nanoparticles. Model bilayers are composed of DPPC, DUPC, DFPC and cholesterol, and the nanoparticles are striped with a hydrophobic-ligand band and charged-ligand spherical caps. Our results show that nanoparticles aggregate near unsaturated phospholipid regions, phospholipid bilayer phase-separation is promoted in the presence of nanoparticles, and the heterogeneous components of a phospholipid bilayer play a significant role in the lateral organization of nanoparticles. This study highlights the need for considering the complexity of realistic phospholipid bilayers when optimising ligand functionalized nanoparticles for efficient drug delivery vectors.
The Stellar Population And Origin Of The Mysterious High-Latitude Star Forming Cloud CG 12
Creators: name: Getman, Konstantin
name: Feigelson, Eric
name: Lawson, Warrick
name: Broos, Patrick
name: Garmire, Gordon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The mysterious high galactic latitude cometary globule CG12 has been observed with the ACIS detector on board the Chandra X-ray Observatory. We detect 128 X-ray sources; half are likely young stars formed within the globule's head. This new population of >50 T-Tauri stars and one new embedded protostar is far larger than the previously reported few intermediate-mass and two protostellar members of the cloud. Most of the newly discovered stars have masses 0.2-0.7Mo, and 9-15% have K-band excesses from inner protoplanetary disks. X-ray properties provide an independent distance estimate consistent with CG12's unusual location >200pc above the Galactic plane. The star formation efficiency in CG12 appears to be 15-35%, far above that seen in other triggered molecular globules. The median photometric age found for the T-Tauri population is ~4Myr with a large spread of <1-20Myr and ongoing star formation in the molecular cores. The stellar age and spatial distributions are inconsistent with a simple radiation driven implosion (RDI) model, and suggest either that CG12 is an atypically large shocked globule, or it has been subject to several distinct episodes of triggering and ablation. We report a previously unnoticed group of B-type stars northwest of CG12 which may be the remnants of an OB association which produced multiple supernova explosions that could have shocked and ablated the cloud over a 15-30Myr period. HD120958 (B3e), the most luminous member of the group, may be currently driving an RDI shock into the CG12 cloud.
description: 58 pages, 12 figures, 5 tables, submitted to ApJ 05/08/07
Dealing With Cultural Dispersion: a Novel Theoretical Framework for Software Engineering Research and Practice—Online Appendix
Creators: name: Lambiase, Stefano
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 461202
subject: Empirical software engineering

description: This is the online appendix of the conference contribution titled “Dealing With Cultural Dispersion: a Novel Theoretical Framework for Software Engineering Research and Practice”. Contribution AbstractSoftware development is fundamentally a team-driven process; researchers in software engineering have identified various human and social factors that can significantly impact it. Culture emerged as a critical element, and the diversity deriving from cultural differences can be highly impactful in both a positive and negative way. Thus, it is crucial to understand the phenomenon and provide strategies to practitioners to suitably manage it. Despite existing knowledge about how culture influences software development, limitations persist. Most importantly, to date, a unified and comprehensive (grounded) theory of how cultural differences influence and are managed in software development has yet to exist. This lack has two significant consequences: (1) it makes research on culture fragmented, leading to the continual definition of new concepts that do not allow the state of the art to advance significantly, and (2) it reduces the ability of the research to be transferred to practitioners since there is no framework designed to be understood and used by them. To address the above-mentioned limitation, this work proposed a theoretical framework of “Dealing With Cultural Dispersion,” which focuses on challenges and benefits originating from cultural differences and strategies for dealing with them. Such a framework was developed through a qualitative study using an iterative research approach, including interviews and socio-technical grounded theory for data analysis. The proposed framework was designed to reveal the tangible effects of practitioners’ culture in software development, allowing software teams to (1) clearly understand the problem and (2) implement the correct strategy for addressing it. Additionally, researchers can use this framework as a foundation to (deductively) develop a more robust and comprehensive theory in this field.
Time and Frequency Division Multiplexing in High-Resolution Imaging Radars with LO Feedthrough Topology
Creators: name: Schwarz, Dominik
name: Linder, Matthias
name: Kienle, Veronika
name: Bonfert, Christina
name: Waldschmidt, Christian
Publisher: name: Universität Ulm
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: DDC 620 / Engineering & allied operations
subject: High resolution imaging
subject: MIMO systems
subject: MIMO
subject: Zeitmultiplex
subject: FMCW-Radar

description: For high-resolution imaging radar sensors, typically a high number of transmit channels is required. However, with standard approaches such as frequency modulated continuous wave modulation and time division multiplexing (TDM), the maximum unambiguous velocity is significantly reduced due to the resulting long ramp repetition times. In this work, pseudo-random TDM combined with compressed sensing as well as frequency division multiplexing in the range domain are discussed to enhance high-resolution multiple-input multiple-output radar sensors with a large number of channels. While the former has previously only been validated and shown for systems with few transmit channels, a simple hardware implementation utilizing time delays in the local oscillator signal feed is presented for the latter. For both methods, the maximum unambiguous velocity can be increased by factors of 36 and 6, respectively. Due to the high number of transmitters, artifacts remain in the range-Doppler spectrum for both approaches, which are less significant for the reconstructed TDM. Therefore, this approach is used for measurements of an automotive scenario, where a pedestrian and a car at similar ranges but at different velocities (−1.5 m/s and 11.5 m/s) can be separated and estimated correctly.
description: Für hochauflösende bildgebende Radarsensoren ist in der Regel eine hohe Anzahl von Sendekanälen erforderlich. Bei Standardansätzen wie frequenzmodulierter Dauerstrichmodulation und Zeitmultiplexing (TDM) wird jedoch die maximale eindeutige Geschwindigkeit aufgrund der daraus resultierenden langen Rampenwiederholzeiten deutlich reduziert. In dieser Arbeit wird pseudozufälliges TDM in Kombination mit Compressed Sensing sowie Frequenzmultiplexing im Entfernungsbereich diskutiert, um hochauflösende Multiple-Input-Multiple-Output-Radarsensoren mit einer großen Anzahl von Kanälen zu verbessern. Während erstere Methode bisher nur für Systeme mit wenigen Sendekanälen validiert und gezeigt wurde, wird für letztere eine einfache Hardware-Implementierung unter Verwendung von Zeitverzögerungen in der Signalzuführung des Lokaloszillators vorgestellt. Bei beiden Methoden kann die maximale eindeutige Geschwindigkeit um den Faktor 36 bzw. 6 erhöht werden. Aufgrund der hohen Anzahl von Sendern verbleiben bei beiden Verfahren Artefakte im Range-Doppler-Spektrum, die bei rekonstruiertem TDM weniger stark ins Gewicht fallen. Daher wird dieser Ansatz für Messungen in einem Kfz-Szenario verwendet, bei dem ein Fußgänger und ein Auto in ähnlicher Entfernung, aber mit unterschiedlichen Geschwindigkeiten (-1,5 m/s und 11,5 m/s) getrennt und korrekt geschätzt werden können.
A non-radioactive method of detecting nucleic acids
Creators: name: Kalmar, Gabriel Bela
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Monoclonal antibodies (MCAs) specific for iodinated cytidine were produced and characterized for their possible application in the development of a serological, non-radioactive assay for nucleic acids. The method requires the modification of single-stranded ribonucleic acid (ss-RNA) by addition of an iodine to the C-5 position of cytidine via the Commerford reaction.. The level of iodination was followed by ultraviolet (UV) spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRF) and was found to be higher for polyC than for cellular RNA or ss-RNA of southern bean mosaic and cowpea chlorotic mottle virus. No evidence was obtained for iodination of double-stranded (ds) RNA of turnip yellow mosaic virus. Only one hybridoma, (Rl), of 2,500, tested secreted MCAs specific for iodinated cytidine. The specificity and affinity of this MCA for iodinated and non-iodinated synthetic polynucleotides and iodinated cellular ss-RNA were assessed by solid-phase and inhibition assays, using the enzyme-1 inked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Seven other hybridomas produced MCAs with varying specificities for iodinated nucleotide-carrier combinations. 'The binding of MCA Rl to iodocytidine-carrier was inhibited by iodocytidine or iodocytidine-5'-phosphate and by adenosine or adenosine-5'-phosphate (20 and 200 times less so, respectively) but not by guanosine, thymidine, and uridine, or their monophosphates. As little as 5 ng of iodocytidine-carrier bound to a nitrocellulose membrane could be detected by MCA Rl in an immune-blot assay whereas no reaction was observed with 1-1000 ng of cytidine-carrier. The lower levels of detection for iodinated cellular nucleic acid and iodinated polyC were 50 and 25 ng, respectively, in the same assay. The method may have applications in the development of a serological, non-radioactive assay for nucleic acids.
Pseudoartrosi nei piccoli animali: risultati terapeutici con l’impiego dello strumentario di Ilizarov
Creators: name: Ragozzino, Manuela
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2006

description: La pseudoartrosi rappresenta una patologia comune nella pratica ortopedica sia in campo umano che veterinario.
Le cause predisponenti e i fattori di rischio possono essere molteplici, ma la causa vascolare deve essere, per certo, considerata di particolare rilevanza.
E’ ben risaputo che la pseudoartrosi non guarisce spontaneamente ma in virtù delle molteplici cause determinanti e delle varie forme di pseudoartrosi, gli approcci terapeutici, chirurgici e non, risultano svariati(fissazione interna e/o fissazione esterna, spesso combinati all’utilizzo di innesti ossei corticali o spongiosi, elettromagnetoterapia).
In questo lavoro, sarà descritto dettagliatamente, l’approccio chirurgico alla pseudoartrosi mediante la tecnica di distrazione-compressione ideata da Ilizarov con l’utilizzo di un fissatore esterno circolare, le cui caratteristiche di versatilità sono state adattate per l’impiego in animali di taglie molto diverse. In particolare, sono stati esaminati 38 casi di pseudoartrosi pervenuti nell’ambulatorio della sezione di Chirurgia del Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche Veterinarie dal 1998 al 2005. Nella descrizione dei dati sono stati analizzati: i dati segnaletici e le caratteristiche delle lesioni, il protocollo terapeutico in rapporto alle caratteristiche del caso e la valutazione dei risultati ottenuti con l’impiego dell’apparato di Ilizarov.
The quasiparticle spectral function in doped graphene
Creators: name: Hwang, E. H.
name: Sarma, S. Das
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the real and imaginary electron self-energy as well as the quasiparticle spectral function in doped graphene taking into account electron-electron interaction in the leading order dynamically screened Coulomb coupling. Our theory provides the basis for calculating {\it all} one-electron properties of extrinsic graphene. Comparison with existing ARPES measurements shows broad qualitative agreement between theory and experiment. We also calculate the renormalized graphene momentum distribution function, finding a typical Fermi liquid discontinuity at k_F. We also provide a critical discussion of the relevant many body approximations (e.g. RPA) for graphene.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
title: Zur Rolle von Sprache im Emotionscoping
Creators: name: Johanna, Tönjes
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2018

description: Die menschliche Sprache ist ein einzigartiges Konstrukt, dessen Wirkungskreis von sozialen Interaktionen bis hin zu kognitiven Prozessen innerhalb eines Individuums reicht. Die vorliegende Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit der Frage, welche Rolle Sprache bei der Bewältigung von negativen Emotionen einnimmt. Die zugrundeliegenden Prozesse des Verhältnisses von Sprache und Emotionsbewältigung werden auf Basis vorhandener Theorien zu Sprachfunktionen, Emotionen und Coping in Beziehung gesetzt. Auf Grundlage der Literatur zu diesem Thema wird der Begriff des Emotionscopings eingeführt, der als die Bemühungen zur Regulation und Anpassung emotionaler Reaktionen auf potenziell bedrohliche Situationen definiert wird. In einer explorativen Studie werden drei Experten zu der Rolle von Sprache im Emotionscoping befragt und eine qualitative Inhaltsanalyse anhand der Interview-Transkripte durchgeführt. Die Ergebnisse legen nahe, dass die Sprache vor allem durch die Steuerung kognitiver Ressourcen wie Bewusstsein und Aufmerksamkeit am Emotionscoping beteiligt ist. Dabei kommt der Sprache besonders bei der Verbalisierung der Emotion und bei der Modulation ihres Entstehungsprozesses eine zentrale Bedeutung zu. Auf Basis der Ergebnisse wird im Rahmen dieser Arbeit ein Modell zum sprachbasierten Emotionscoping entwickelt. Das Modell bildet neben den über-geordneten Schritten des Coping-Prozesses auch die Wechselwirkungen und Zusammen-hänge der einzelnen Prozessschritte untereinander ab.
description: The human language is a unique construct which allows not only for social interactions but also for cognitive processes within an individual. The present study aims to analyze the role of language in the case of coping with negative emotions. In order to get an impression of the underlying processes, literature in the field of language functions, emotions and coping has been reviewed. Based on the literature, the term ‘Emotionscoping’ has been defined as the conscious efforts to regulate and adapt emotional reactions to potentially stressful events. In an explorative study, three experts are interviewed on the role of language in processes of emotional coping. A qualitative content analysis is performed based on the transcriptions of the interviews. The results suggest that language contributes particularly to the coping process by (re)directing cognitive resources such as awareness and attention. Language is especially important during the verbalization of the emotion and the modulation of its formation process. Based on the results, the present study develops a model which displays the underlying processes of language-based emotional coping. In addition to considering the individual steps of the coping process, the model also takes into account the interactions and relationships among the modules.
Glycosaminoglycan synthesis by normal human mammary epithelial cells in primary culture
Creators: name: Jones, Nancy
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The extracellular matrix (ECM) influences cell growth and differentiation. Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), alone or complexed with protein (proteoglycans), are a major component of the ECM affecting cell behavior. GAG synthesis has been studied extensively in animal models and malignant cells. This research centres on studying GAG production by normal human mammary epithelial cells in culture. Mammary tissue obtained from reduction mammoplasties were dissociated to single cells. The epithelial cell population was seeded onto hydrated collagen gels at 2-2.5x10⁵ cells/cm² in medium containing 5% FCS and 5μg/ml of insulin. Ultrastructural studies confirmed the epithelial nature of the cultures. To measure GAG synthesis, cultures were incubated with ³H-glucosamine for 24 hours at 3 time points; days 3-4, 9-11 and 17-18. The cultures were proliferating at the early time point and had reached a stationary phase at the later time points. Cell, ECM and medium fractions were analyzed for GAGs as identified by enzyme degradation and cellulose acetate electrophoresis. At day 4, when cells were actively growing, the majority of GAGs produced were released into the medium fraction (75-80%). The predominant GAG was the nonsulfated GAG, hyaluronic acid (HA). Of the sulfated GAGs chondroitin sulfate (CS) 4 and 6 comprised only 18% of total GAGs; dermatan sulfate (DS) synthesis was negligible. At the later time periods, when cultures had ceased growing a higher percentage of total GAG was incorporated into an ECM (50-65%). The sulfated GAGs were preferentially incorporated into the ECM, CS 4 and 6 comprising 70% and DS comprising 30%. The marked difference in type and location of GAGs produced was not merely a function of time in culture. Cultures seeded at high densities (5x10⁵ cells/cm²) were not proliferating when terminated at day 4. Their GAG profile was similar to that of lower density cultures at day 10. This data provides a baseline from which we can determine if cell-synthesized GAGs, play a role in maintaining differentiated and malignant phenotypes.
Inelastic effects in electron transport studied with wave packet propagation
Creators: name: Monturet, S.
name: Lorente, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A time-dependent approach is used to explore inelastic effects during electron transport through few-level systems. We study a tight-binding chain with one and two sites connected to vibrations. This simple but transparent model gives insight about inelastic effects, their meaning and the approximations currently used to treat them. Our time-dependent approach allows us to trace back the time sequence of vibrational excitation and electronic interference, the ibrationally introduced time delay and the electronic phase shift. We explore a full range of parameters going from weak to strong electron-vibration coupling, from tunneling to contact, from one-vibration description to the need of including all vibrations for a correct description of inelastic effects in transport. We explore the validity of single-site resonant models as well as its extension to more sites via molecular orbitals and the conditions under which multi-orbital, multi-vibrational descriptions cannot be simplified. We explain the physical meaning of the spectral features in the second derivative of the electron current with respect to the bias voltage. This permits us to nuance the meaning of the energy value of dips and peaks. Finally, we show that finite-band effects lead to electron back-scattering off the molecular vibrations in the regime of high-conductance, although the drop in conductance at the vibrational threshold is rather due to the rapid variation of the vibronic density of states.
description: 38 pages, 14 figures
Electrovacuum Static Counterrotating Relativistic Dust Disks
Creators: name: García-Reyes, Gonzalo
name: González, Guillermo A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A detailed study is presented of the counterrotating model (CRM) for generic electrovacuum static axially symmetric relativistic thin disks without radial pressure. We find a general constraint over the counterrotating tangential velocities needed to cast the surface energy-momentum tensor of the disk as the superposition of two counterrotating charged dust fluids. We also find explicit expressions for the energy densities, charge densities and velocities of the counterrotating fluids. We then show that this constraint can be satisfied if we take the two counterrotating streams as circulating along electro-geodesics. However, we show that, in general, it is not possible to take the two counterrotating fluids as circulating along electro-geodesics nor take the two counterrotating tangential velocities as equal and opposite. Four simple families of models of counterrotating charged disks based on Chazy-Curzon-like, Zipoy-Voorhees-like, Bonnor-Sackfield-like and Kerr-like electrovacuum solutions are considered where we obtain some disks with a CRM well behaved. The models are constructed using the well-known ``displace, cut and reflect'' method extended to solutions of vacuum Einstein-Maxwell equations.
description: 19 pages, 16 figures, revtex4
Bright-Dark Soliton Complexes in Spinor Bose-Einstein Condensates
Creators: name: Nistazakis, H. E.
name: Frantzeskakis, D. J.
name: Kevrekidis, P. G.
name: Malomed, B. A.
name: Carretero-Gonzalez, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present bright-dark vector solitons in quasi-one-dimensional spinor (F=1) Bose-Einstein condensates. Using a multiscale expansion technique, we reduce the corresponding nonintegrable system of three coupled Gross-Pitaevskii equations (GPEs) to a completely integrable Yajima-Oikawa system. In this way, we obtain approximate solutions for small-amplitude vector solitons of dark-dark-bright and bright-bright-dark types, in terms of the $m_{F}=+1,-1,0$ spinor components, respectively. By means of numerical simulations of the full GPE system, we demonstrate that these states indeed feature soliton properties, i.e., they propagate undistorted and undergo quasi-elastic collisions. It is also shown that, in the presence of a parabolic trap of strength $ω$, the bright component(s) is (are) guided by the dark one(s), and, as a result, the small-amplitude vector soliton as a whole performs harmonic oscillations of frequency $ω/ \sqrt{2}$ in the shallow soliton limit. We investigate numerically deviations from this prediction, as the depth of the solitons is increased, as well as when the strength of the spin-dependent interaction is modified.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures. Submitted to PRA, May 2007
Supplementary Figures and Tables from Population size impacts host–pathogen coevolution
Creators: name: Papkou, Andrei
name: Schalkowski, Rebecca
name: Barg, Mike-Christoph
name: Koepper, Svenja
name: Schulenburg, Hinrich
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology

description: 6 supplementary figures and 16 supplementary tables