cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Helios 2 observations of solar wind turbulence decay in the inner heliosphere
Creators: name: Sorriso-Valvo, Luca
name: Marino, Raffaele
name: Raffaello, Foldes
name: Lévêque, Emmanuel
name: D'Amicis, Raffaella
name: Bruno, Roberto
name: Telloni, Daniele
name: Yordanova, Emiliya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The linear scaling of the mixed third-order moment of the magnetohydrodynamic fluctuations is used to estimate the energy transfer rate of the turbulent cascade in the expanding solar wind. In 1976 the Helios 2 spacecraft measured three samples of fast solar wind originating from the same coronal hole, at different distance from the sun. Along with the adjacent slow solar wind streams, these represent a unique database for studying the radial evolution of turbulence in samples of undisturbed solar wind. A set of direct numerical simulations of the MHD equations performed with the Lattice-Boltzmann code FLAME is also used for interpretation. We show that the turbulence energy transfer rate decays approximately as a power law of the distance, and that both the amplitude and decay law correspond to the observed radial temperature profile in the fast wind case. Results from magnetohydrodynamic numerical simulations of decaying magnetohydrodynamic turbulence show a similar trend for the total dissipation, suggesting an interpretation of the observed dynamics in terms of decaying turbulence, and that multi-spacecraft studies of the solar wind radial evolution may help clarifying the nature of the evolution of the turbulent fluctuations in the ecliptic solar wind.
description: In press on Astron. Astrophys
The ZFP-1(AF10)/DOT-1 Complex Opposes H2B Ubiquitination to Reduce Pol II Transcription
Creators: name: Jensen, Morten B.
name: Cecere, Germano
name: Hoersch, Sebastian
name: Dixit, Shiv
name: Grishok, Alla
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: The inhibition of transcriptional elongation plays an important role in gene regulation in metazoans, including C. elegans. Here, we combine genomic and biochemical approaches to dissect a role of ZFP-1, the C. elegans AF10 homolog, in transcriptional control. We show that ZFP-1 and its interacting partner DOT-1.1 have a global role in negatively modulating the level of polymerase II (Pol II) transcription on essential widely expressed genes. Moreover, the ZFP-1/DOT-1.1 complex contributes to progressive Pol II pausing on essential genes during development and to rapid Pol II pausing during stress response. The slowing down of Pol II transcription by ZFP-1/DOT-1.1 is associated with an increase in H3K79 methylation and a decrease in H2B monoubiquitination, which promotes transcription. We propose a model wherein the recruitment of ZFP-1/DOT-1.1 and deposition of H3K79 methylation at highly expressed genes initiates a negative feedback mechanism for the modulation of their expression.
(:unas) unassigned
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Universita' degli Studi di Salerno
Year: 2024

description: Il presente articolo è incentrato sul tema del sentimento politico nella cittadinanza italiana agli occhi di tre autori. Se nel Discorso sopra lo stato presente dei costumi degli italiani Leopardi denuncia l’assenza di moralità pubblica correlata anche a fattori climatico-geografici, circa un secolo dopo, in L’Italia rinunzia?, Corrado Alvaro parla invece di pesanti responsabilità civili del paese, frutto di determinate dinamiche storiche. Ancora più caustico il recente pamphlet di Ermanno Rea, La fabbrica dell’obbedienza. Il lato oscuro e complice degli italiani, nel quale forme del potere costituito hanno radici antropologiche ormai incistate a livello sociale, tanto da costituire una sorta di identità servile collettiva.
description: This article deals with the theme of political sentiment in Italian citizenship in the eyes of three authors. If in the Discorso sopra lo stato presente dei costumi degli italiani Leopardi denounces the absence of public morality also correlated to climatic-geographical factors, about a century later, in L’Italia rinunzia?, Corrado Alvaro instead speaks of the country's heavy civil responsibilities, the result certain historical dynamics. Even more caustic is Ermanno Rea's recent pamphlet, La fabbrica dell’obbedienza. Il lato oscuro e complice degli italiani, in which forms of established power have anthropological roots now encysted at a social level, so much so as to constitute a sort of collective obsequious identity.
Biomonitoring of paper mill effluent using fish ventilatory signals
Creators: name: Nielsen, D. L
name: King, H. M
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2023

description: Murray-Darling Freshwater Research Centre

MDFRC item.

Many industries discharge waste waters into our river systems. It is important that these discharges be monitored on a regular basis to ensure that there is no disruption to the overall health of the system. In conjunction with Australian Newsprint Mills Ltd (ANM) at Albury, NSW, the Murray-Darling Freshwater Research Centre (MDFRC) has designed, built and installed a prototype fish ventilatory biomonitoring system into ANM's wastewater discharge, similar to commercial systems produced in the United States and Europe. Eight eastern rainbow fish (Melanotaenia duboulayi) are housed in separate one litre flow-through chambers. Each fish is constantly monitored by computer for changes in frequency and strength of opercular movement. Due to the sensitivity of the system, changes in effluent quality are detectable at a sublethal level of 5% concentration of raw effluent, allowing ANM to rectify the problem before chronic levels are reached, minimising the effect on river biota.
Jupiter's interior from Juno: Equation-of-state uncertainties and dilute core extent
Creators: name: Howard, S.
name: Guillot, T.
name: Bazot, M.
name: Miguel, Y.
name: Stevenson, D. J.
name: Galanti, E.
name: Kaspi, Y.
name: Hubbard, W. B.
name: Militzer, B.
name: Helled, R.
name: Nettelmann, N.
name: Idini, B.
name: Bolton, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Juno mission has provided measurements of Jupiter s gravity field with an outstanding level of accuracy, leading to better constraints on the interior of the planet. Improving our knowledge of the internal structure of Jupiter is key to understanding its formation and evolution but is also important in the framework of exoplanet exploration. In this study, we investigated the differences between the state-of-the-art equations of state and their impact on the properties of interior models. Accounting for uncertainty on the hydrogen and helium equation of state, we assessed the span of the interior features of Jupiter. We carried out an extensive exploration of the parameter space and studied a wide range of interior models using Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) simulations. To consider the uncertainty on the equation of state, we allowed for modifications of the equation of state in our calculations. Our models harbour a dilute core and indicate that Jupiter s internal entropy is higher than what is usually assumed from the Galileo probe measurements. We obtain solutions with extended dilute cores, but contrary to other recent interior models of Jupiter, we also obtain models with small dilute cores. The dilute cores in such solutions extend to 20% of Jupiter s mass, leading to better agreement with formation evolution models. We conclude that the equations of state used in Jupiter models have a crucial effect on the inferred structure and composition. Further explorations of the behaviour of hydrogen helium mixtures at the pressure and temperature conditions in Jupiter will help to constrain the interior of the planet, and therefore its origin.
Discovery of an Ultra-Faint Dwarf Galaxy in the Intracluster Field of the Virgo Center : A fossil of the First Galaxies?
Creators: name: Jang, In Sung
name: Lee, Myung Gyoon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ultra-faint dwarf galaxies (UFDs) are newcomers among galaxies, and are the faintest galaxies in the observed universe. To date, they have only been found around the Milky Way Galaxy and M31 in the Local Group. We present the discovery of an UFD in the intracluster field in the core of the Virgo cluster (Virgo UFD1), which is far from any massive galaxies. The color-magnitude diagram of the resolved stars in this galaxy shows a narrow red giant branch, similar to those of metal-poor globular clusters in the Milky Way. We estimate its distance by comparing the red giant branch with isochrones, and we obtain a value 16.4 +/- 0.4 Mpc. This shows that it is indeed a member of the Virgo cluster. From the color of the red giants we estimate its mean metallicity to be very low, [Fe/H]= -2.4 +/- 0.4. Its absolute V-band magnitude and effective radius are derived to be M_V = -6.5 +/- 0.2 and r_eff = 81 +/- 7 pc, much fainter and smaller than the classical dwarf spheroidal galaxies. Its central surface brightness is estimated to be as low as u_V,0 = 26.37 +/- 0.05 mag arcsec^-2. Its properties are similar to those of the Local Group analogs. No evidence of tidal features are found in this galaxy. Considering its narrow red giant branch with no asymptotic giant branch stars, low metallicity, and location, it may be a fossil remnant of the first galaxies.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, 1 table, published in the Astrophysical Journal Letters, minor changes to agree with published version
Cellular Noise Suppression by the Regulator of G Protein Signaling Sst2
Creators: name: Houser, John R.
name: Kelley, Joshua B.
name: Elston, Timothy C.
name: Dohlman, Henrik G.
name: Dixit, Gauri
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: G proteins and their associated receptors process information from a variety of environmental stimuli to induce appropriate cellular responses. Generally speaking, each cell in a population responds within defined limits despite large variation in the expression of protein signaling components. Therefore we postulated that noise suppression is encoded within the signaling system. Using the yeast mating pathway as a model we evaluated the ability of a regulator of G protein signaling (RGS) protein to suppress noise. We found that the RGS protein Sst2 limits variability in transcription and morphogenesis in response to pheromone stimulation. While signal suppression is a result of both the GAP (GTPase accelerating) and receptor binding functions of Sst2, noise suppression requires only the GAP activity. Taken together our findings reveal a hitherto overlooked role of RGS proteins as noise suppressors, and demonstrate an ability to uncouple signal and noise in a prototypical stimulus-response pathway.
CUL9 Mediates the Functions of the 3M Complex and Ubiquitylates Survivin to Maintain Genome Integrity
Creators: name: Xiong, Yue
name: Li, Zhijun
name: Cappell, Kathryn M.
name: Whitehurst, Angelique W.
name: Yan, Jun
name: Pei, Xin-Hai
name: Yan, Feng
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: The Cullin 9 (CUL9) gene encodes a putative E3 ligase that localizes in the cytoplasm. Cul9 null mice develop spontaneous tumors in multiple organs, however either the cellular or molecular mechanisms of CUL9 in tumor suppression are currently not known. We show here that deletion of Cul9 leads to abnormal nuclear morphology, increased DNA damage and aneuploidy. CUL9 knockdown rescues the microtubule and mitosis defects in cells depleted for CUL7 or OBSL1, two genes that are mutated in a mutually exclusive manner in 3M growth retardation syndrome and function in microtubule dynamics. CUL9 promotes the ubiquitylation and degradation of survivin and is inhibited by CUL7. Depletion of CUL7 decreases survivin level and overexpression of survivin rescues the defects caused by CUL7 depletion. We propose a 3M–CUL9-survivin pathway in maintaining microtubule and genome integrity, normal development and tumor suppression.
The Messy Nature of Fiber Spectra: Star-Quasar Pairs Masquerading as Dual Type 1 AGNs
Creators: name: Pfeifle, Ryan W.
name: Rothberg, Barry
name: Weaver, Kimberly A.
name: Sexton, Remington O.
name: Cann, Jenna M.
name: Secrest, Nathan J.
name: Reefe, Michael A.
name: Bohn, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Theoretical studies predict that the most significant growth of supermassive black holes occurs in late-stage mergers, coinciding with the manifestation of dual active galactic nuclei (AGNs), and both major and minor mergers are expected to be important for dual AGN growth. In fact, dual AGNs in minor mergers should be signposts for efficient minor merger-induced SMBH growth for both the more and less massive progenitor. We identified two candidate dual AGNs residing in apparent minor mergers with mass ratios of $\sim$1:7 and $\sim$1:30. SDSS fiber spectra show broad and narrow emission lines in the primary nuclei of each merger while only a narrow [O III] emission line and a broad and prominent H$α$/[N II] complex is observed in the secondary nuclei. The FWHMs of the broad H$α$ lines in the primary and secondary nuclei are inconsistent in each merger, suggesting that each nucleus in each merger hosts a Type 1 AGN. However, spatially-resolved LBT optical spectroscopy reveal rest-frame stellar absorption features, indicating the secondary sources are foreground stars and that the previously detected broad lines are likely the result of fiber spillover effects induced by the atmospheric seeing at the time of the SDSS observations. This study demonstrates for the first time that optical spectroscopic searches for Type 1/Type 1 pairs similarly suffer from fiber spillover effects as has been observed previously for Seyfert 2 dual AGN candidates. The presence of foreground stars may not have been clear if an instrument with more limited wavelength range or limited sensitivity had been used.
description: 15 pages including appendix and references, 6 figures, 1 table. Accepted for publication in ApJ
Deep Sequencing Shows Multiple Oligouridylations Are Required for 3′ to 5′ Degradation of Histone mRNAs on Polyribosomes
Creators: name: Prins, Jan F.
name: Rhoads, Robert E.
name: Meaux, Stacie
name: Miliani de Marval, Paula L.
name: Welch, Joshua D.
name: Bigler, Rebecca
name: Slevin, Michael K.
name: Su, Wei
name: Marzluff, William F.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Histone mRNAs are rapidly degraded when DNA replication is inhibited during S-phase with degradation initiating with oligouridylation of the stemloop at the 3′ end. We developed a customized RNA-Seq strategy to identify the 3′ termini of degradation intermediates of histone mRNAs. Using this strategy, we identified two types of oligouridylated degradation intermediates: RNAs ending at different sites of the 3′ side of the stemloop that resulted from initial degradation by 3′hExo and intermediates near the stop codon and within the coding region. Sequencing of polyribosomal histone mRNAs revealed that degradation initiates and proceeds 3′ to 5′ on translating mRNA and many intermediates are capped. Knockdown of the exosome-associated exonuclease Pml/Scl-100, but not the Dis3L2 exonuclease, slows histone mRNA degradation, consistent with 3′ to 5′ degradation by the exosome containing PM/Scl-100. Knockdown of No-go decay factors also slowed histone mRNA degradation, suggesting a role in removing ribosomes from partially degraded mRNAs.
Lipophilic Force Driven Dynamics in Langmuir monolayers: In-plane Coalescence and Out-of-plane Diffusion
Creators: name: Basak, Uttam Kumar
name: Datta, Alokmay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: While monolayer area fraction versus time ($A_{n}-t$) curves obtained from surface pressure-area ($π-A$) isotherms for desorption-dominated (DD) processes in Langmuir monolayers of fatty acids represent continuous loss, those from Brewster Angle Microscopy (BAM) also show a 2D coalescence. For nucleation-dominated (ND) processes both techniques suggest competing processes, with BAM showing 2D coalescence alongside multilayer formation. $π$ enhances both DD and ND with a lower cut-off for ND, while temperature has a lower cut-off for DD but negligible effect on ND. Hydrocarbon chain length has the strongest effect, causing a cross-over from DD to ND dynamics. Imaging Ellipsometry (IE) of horizontally transferred films onto Si(100) shows Stranski-Krastanov (SK) like growth for ND process in arachidic acid monolayer resulting in succesive stages of monolayer, trilayer, multilayer islands, ridges from lateral island-coalescence and shallow wavelike structures from ridge-coalescence on the film surface. These studies show that lipophilic attraction between hydrocarbon chains is the driving force at all stages of long term monolayer dynamics.
description: 19 pages, 31 figures
Supplemental material for: "Dynamic lactation responses to dietary crude protein oscillation in diets adequate and deficient in metabolizable protein in Holstein cows"
Creators: name: Erickson, M. G.
name: Zanton, G. I.
name: Wattiaux, M. A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: dairy cow
nutrient variability
protein oscillation
performance

description: This study tested CP level (low protein [LP], 13.8%; high protein [HP], 15.5% of dry matter [DM]) and CP feeding pattern (OF = oscillating where CP% alternated ±1.8% CP at 48-hr intervals, SF = static where CP was constant across time) using a 2x2 factorial arrangement of treatments in 16 mid- to late-lactation Holsteins (initially 128 ± 12 days in milk; mean ± SD). In 4, 28-d periods, 8 rumen-cannulated and 8 non-cannulated cows formed 2 Latin Rectangles. On d-25-28 of each period, each cow’s feed intake and milk production were recorded and samples were taken of orts (1x/d) and milk (2x/d). Supplementary Figure S1. Least squares means (\(\pm\)SEM) of the temporal response to dietary treatments. Supplementary Table S1. Dry matter intake regressed on experimental factors using a linear mixed model. Supplementary Table S2. Bodyweight regressed on experimental factors using a linear mixed model. Supplementary Table S3. Body condition score regressed on experimental factors using a linear mixed model. Raw data file. Including a dictionary of terms, experiment-wide data, daily data, and sub-daily data.
Inflammasomes and Metabolic Disorders: Old Genes in Modern Diseases
Creators: name: Robbins, Gregory R.
name: Wen, Haitao
name: Ting, Jenny P.-Y.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Modern medical and hygienic practices have greatly improved human health and longevity; however, increased human lifespan occurs concomitantly with the emergence of metabolic and age-related diseases. Studies over the past decade have strongly linked host inflammatory responses to the etiology of several metabolic diseases including atherosclerosis, type 2 diabetes (T2D), obesity and gout. A common immunological factor to these diseases is the activation of the inflammasome and release of pro-inflammatory cytokines that promote disease progression. Here we review the molecular mechanism(s) of inflammasome activation in response to metabolic damage associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) and discuss potential targets for therapeutic intervention.
Quantum magnetism with ultracold molecules
Creators: name: Wall, M. L.
name: Hazzard, K. R. A.
name: Rey, A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This article gives an introduction to the realization of effective quantum magnetism with ultracold molecules in an optical lattice, reviews experimental and theoretical progress, and highlights future opportunities opened up by ongoing experiments. Ultracold molecules offer capabilities that are otherwise difficult or impossible to achieve in other effective spin systems, such as long-ranged spin-spin interactions with controllable degrees of spatial and spin anisotropy and favorable energy scales. Realizing quantum magnetism with ultracold molecules provides access to rich many-body behaviors, including many exotic phases of matter and interesting excitations and dynamics. Far-from-equilibrium dynamics plays a key role in our exposition, just as it did in recent ultracold molecule experiments realizing effective quantum magnetism. In particular, we show that dynamical probes allow the observation of correlated many-body spin physics, even in polar molecule gases that are not quantum degenerate. After describing how quantum magnetism arises in ultracold molecules and discussing recent observations of quantum magnetism with polar molecules, we survey prospects for the future, ranging from immediate goals to long-term visions.
description: 21 pages, 6 figures, 1 table. Review article
Quality Control Autophagy Degrades Soluble ERAD-Resistant Conformers of the Misfolded Membrane Protein GnRHR
Creators: name: Conn, P. Michael
name: Janovick, Jo Ann
name: Cyr, Douglas M.
name: Houck, Scott A.
name: Conlin, Michael P.
name: Bonner, Jaclyn N.
name: Madden, Victoria J.
name: Ren, Hong Yu
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Molecular chaperones triage misfolded proteins via action as substrate selectors for quality control (QC) machines that fold or degrade clients. Herein, the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) associated Hsp40 JB12 is reported to participate in partitioning mutant conformers of GnRHR, a G-protein coupled receptor, between ER-associated degradation (ERAD) and a novel ERQC-autophagy pathway for membrane proteins. ERQC-autophagy degrades E90K-GnRHR because pools of its partially folded and detergent soluble degradation intermediates are resistant to ERAD. S168R-GnRHR is globally misfolded and disposed of via ERAD, but inhibition of p97, the protein retrotranslocation motor, shunts S168R-GnRHR from ERAD to ERQC autophagy. Partially folded and grossly misfolded forms of GnRHR associate with JB12 and Hsp70. Elevation of JB12 promotes ERAD of S168R-GnRHR, with E90K-GnRHR being resistant. E90K-GnRHR elicits association of the Vps34 autophagy initiation complex with JB12. Interaction between ERassociated Hsp40s and the Vps34 complex permits the selective degradation of ERAD-resistant membrane proteins via ERQC-autophagy.
Evaluación del rastro social de las investigaciones de las universidades latinoamericanas: relación entre universidad y políticas públicas en el área de economía
Creators: name: Vilchez-Roman, Carlos
name: Manco, Alejandra
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: Presentar una propuesta replicable y de bajo costo para evaluar el rastro social de las investigaciones realizadas por tres universidades latinoamericanas en el área de economía.
The upper capacity topological entropy of free semigroup actions for certain non-compact sets,$II$
Creators: name: Tang, Yanjie
name: Ye, Xiaojiang
name: Ma, Dongkui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper's major purpose is to continue the work of Zhu and Ma[1]. To begin, the $\mathbf{g}$-almost product property, more general irregular and regular sets, and some new notions of the Banach upper density recurrent points and transitive points of free semigroup actions are introduced. Furthermore, under the $\mathbf{g}$-almost product property and other conditions, we coordinate the Banach upper recurrence, transitivity with (ir)regularity, and obtain lots of generalized multifractal analyses for general observable functions of free semigroup actions. Finally, statistical $ω$-limit sets are used to consider the upper capacity topological entropy of the sets of Banach upper recurrent points and transitive points of free semigroup actions, respectively. Our analysis generalizes the results obtained by Huang, Tian and Wang[2], Pfister and Sullivan [3].
description: 30 pages
Ral and Rheb GTPase Activating Proteins Integrate mTOR and GTPase Signaling in Aging, Autophagy, and Tumor Cell Invasion
Creators: name: Saltiel, Alan R.
name: Reiner, David J.
name: Der, Channing J.
name: Martin, Timothy D.
name: Chen, Xiao-Wei
name: Kaplan, Rebecca E.W.
name: Walker, Cheryl L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Diverse environmental cues converge on and are integrated by the mTOR signaling network to control cellular growth and homeostasis. The mammalian Tsc1-Tsc2 GTPase activating protein (GAP) heterodimer is a critical negative regulator of Rheb and mTOR activation. The RalGAPα-RalGAPβ heterodimer shares sequence and structural similarity with Tsc1-Tsc2. Unexpectedly, we observed that C. elegans expresses orthologs for the Rheb and RalA/B GTPases, and for RalGAPα/β but not Tsc1/2. This prompted our investigation to determine whether RalGAPs additionally modulate mTOR signaling. We determined that C. elegans RalGAP loss decreased lifespan, consistent with a Tsc-like function. Additionally, RalGAP suppression in mammalian cells caused RalB-selective activation and Sec5- and exocyst-dependent engagement of mTORC1 and suppression of autophagy. Unexpectedly, we also found that Tsc1-Tsc2 loss activated RalA/B independently of Rheb-mTOR signaling. Finally, RalGAP suppression caused mTORC1-dependent pancreatic tumor cell invasion. Our findings identify an unexpected crosstalk and integration of the Ral and mTOR signaling networks.
The 3M Complex Maintains Microtubule and Genome Integrity
Creators: name: Li, Zhijun
name: Cormier-Daire, Valerie
name: Chen, Xian
name: Whitehurst, Angelique W.
name: Sinnott, Becky
name: Yan, Feng
name: Mo, Jinyao
name: Yu, Yanbao
name: Yan, Jun
name: Cappell, Kathryn M.
name: Duncan, Joseph A.
name: Xiong, Yue
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: CUL7, OBSL1, and CCDC8 genes are mutated in a mutually exclusive manner in 3M and other growth retardation syndromes. The mechanism underlying the function of the three 3M genes in development is not known. We found that OBSL1 and CCDC8 form a complex with CUL7 and regulate the level and centrosomal localization of CUL7, respectively. CUL7 depletion results in altered microtubule dynamics, prometaphase arrest, tetraploidy and mitotic cell death. These defects are recaptured in CUL7 mutated 3M cells and can be rescued by wild-type, but not 3M patients-derived CUL7 mutants. Depletion of either OBSL1 or CCDC8 results in similar defects and sensitizes cells to microtubule damage as loss of CUL7 function. Microtubule damage reduces the level of CCDC8 that is required for the centrosomal localization of CUL7. We propose that CUL7, OBSL1, and CCDC8 proteins form a 3M complex that functions in maintaining microtubule and genome integrity and normal development.
Conversion from mutual helicity to self-helicity observed with IRIS
Creators: name: Li, Leping
name: Peter, Hardi
name: Chen, Feng
name: Zhang, Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. In the upper atmosphere of the Sun observations show convincing evidence for crossing and twisted structures, which are interpreted as mutual helicity and self-helicity. Aims. We use observations with the new Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph (IRIS) to show the conversion of mutual helicity into self-helicity in coronal structures on the Sun. Methods. Using far UV spectra and slit-jaw images from IRIS and coronal images and magnetograms from SDO, we investigated the evolution of two crossing loops in an active region, in particular, the properties of the Si IV line profile in cool loops. Results. In the early stage two cool loops cross each other and accordingly have mutual helicity. The Doppler shifts in the loops indicate that they wind around each other. As a consequence, near the crossing point of the loops (interchange) reconnection sets in, which heats the plasma. This is consistent with the observed increase of the line width and of the appearance of the loops at higher temperatures. After this interaction, the two new loops run in parallel, and in one of them shows a clear spectral tilt of the Si IV line profile. This is indicative of a helical (twisting) motion, which is the same as to say that the loop has self-helicity. Conclusions. The high spatial and spectral resolution of IRIS allowed us to see the conversion of mutual helicity to self-helicity in the (interchange) reconnection of two loops. This is observational evidence for earlier theoretical speculations.
description: A&A, in press
The Effect of Metallicity on the Non-Equilibrium Abundance of Hydrogen Dominated Exoplanet Atmosphere
Creators: name: Soni, Vikas
name: Acharyya, Kinsuk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The atmospheric metallicity greatly influences the composition of exoplanet atmospheres. The effect of metallicity on the thermochemical equilibrium is well studied, though its effect on the disequilibrium abundance is loosely constrained. In this study, we have used the quenching approximation to study the effect of metallicity on the quenched abundance for a range of parameters (temperature: 500-2500 K, pressure: 10$^{-4}$-10$^3$ bar, metallicity: 0.1-1000 $\times$ solar metallicity). We determine the chemical timescale by finding rate limiting steps in a reduced chemical network with a network analysis tool and the thermochemical equilibrium abundance. The equilibrium abundance results are similar to the literature. The CO, H$_2$O, and CO$_2$ abundances increase with metallicity in the parameter range considered. The CH$_4$ abundance increases with metallicity for CO/CH$_4$ $<$ 1 and is unaffected for CO/CH$_4$ $>$ 1. The chemical timescale of CO shows minimal change with the metallicity, while the CH$_4$ chemical timescale is inversely proportional to atmospheric metallicity. The quench level of CO shifts into the high-pressure region, and the quench level of CH$_4$ shows complex behavior with metallicity. We benchmarked the quenching approximation with the 1D photochemistry-transport model for two test exoplanets (GJ 1214 b and HD 189733 b) and found it to be in good agreement. We also found that the quenching approximation is a powerful tool to constrain atmospheric parameters. We demonstrated this by constraining the metallicity and transport strength for the test exoplanets HR 8799 b, HD 189733 b, GJ 436 b, and WASP-39 b.
description: 51 pages, 26 figures, 1 table, accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
Optical frequency transfer via a 660 km underground fiber link using a remote Brillouin amplifier
Creators: name: Raupach, S. M. F.
name: Koczwara, A.
name: Grosche, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In long-haul optical continuous-wave frequency transfer via fiber, remote bidirectional Er$^+$-doped fiber amplifiers are commonly used to mitigate signal attenuation. We demonstrate for the first time the ultrastable transfer of an optical frequency using a remote fiber Brillouin amplifier, placed in a server room along the link. Using it as the only means of remote amplification, on a 660 km loop of installed underground fiber we bridge distances of 250 km and 160 km between amplifications. Over several days of uninterrupted measurement we find an instability of the frequency transfer (Allan deviation of $Λ$-weighted data with 1 s gate time) of around $1\times10^{-19}$ and less for averaging times longer than 3000 s. The modified Allan deviation reaches $3\times10^{-19}$ at an averaging time of 100 s, corresponding to the current noise floor at this averaging time. For averaging times longer than 1000 s the modified Allan deviation is in the $10^{-20}$ range. A conservative value of the overall accuracy is $1\times10^{-19}$.
description: preliminary version; 4 figures
A Non-Canonical Function of Gβ as a Subunit of E3 Ligase in Targeting GRK2 Ubiquitylation
Creators: name: Han, Xiaoran
name: Raychaudhuri, Pradip
name: Smith, Matthew D.
name: Zha, Zhengyu
name: Lei, Qun-Ying
name: Guan, Kun-Liang
name: Liu, Yang
name: Kopanja, Dragana
name: Giguère, Patrick M.
name: Siderovski, David P.
name: Xiong, Yue
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) comprise the largest family of cell-surface receptors, regulate a wide range of physiological processes, and are the major targets of pharmaceutical drugs. Canonical signaling from GPCRs is relayed to intracellular effector proteins by trimeric G proteins, composed of α, β, and γ subunits (Gαβγ). Here, we report that G-protein β subunits (Gβ) bind to DDB1 and that Gβ2 targets GRK2 for ubiquitylation by the DDB1-CUL4A-ROC1 ubiquitin ligase. Activation of GPCR results in PKA-mediated phosphorylation of DDB1 at Ser645 and its dissociation from Gβ2, leading to increase of GRK2 protein. Deletion of Cul4a results in cardiac hypertrophy in male mice that can be partially rescued by the deletion of one Grk2 allele. These results reveal a non-canonical function of the Gβ protein as a ubiquitin ligase component and a mechanism of feedback regulation of GPCR signaling.
Cladocera recorded from Australia
Creators: name: Shiel, R. J
name: Dickson, J. A
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2023

description: Murray-Darling Freshwater Research Centre

MDFRC item.

One hundred and sixty five taxa of Cladocera, in 53 genera, are recognised from Australia. Seventy-two of these are endemic with another five also recorded from New Zealand. Species names, with published synonymy are listed systematically. Distributions are given by State/Territory only.
Algebraic geometry informs perturbative quantum field theory
Creators: name: Broadhurst, David
name: Schnetz, Oliver
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Single-scale Feynman diagrams yield integrals that are periods, namely projective integrals of rational functions of Schwinger parameters. Algebraic geometry may therefore inform us of the types of number to which these integrals evaluate. We give examples at 3, 4 and 6 loops of massive Feynman diagrams that evaluate to Dirichlet $L$-series of modular forms and examples at 6, 7 and 8 loops of counterterms that evaluate to multiple zeta values or polylogarithms of the sixth root of unity. At 8 loops and beyond, algebraic geometry informs us that polylogs are insufficient for the evaluation of terms in the beta-function of $ϕ^4$ theory. Here, modular forms appear as obstructions to polylogarithmic evaluation.
description: 8 pages
Lyman-alpha Forest Tomography of the z>2 Cosmic Web
Creators: name: Lee, Khee-Gan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The hydrogen Ly$α$ forest is an important probe of the $z>2$ Universe that is otherwise challenging to observe with galaxy redshift surveys, but this technique has traditionally been limited to 1D studies in front of bright quasars. However, by pushing to faint magnitudes ($g>23$) with 8-10m large telescopes it becomes possible to exploit the high area density of high-redshift star-forming galaxies to create 3D tomographic maps of large-scale structure in the foreground. I describe the first pilot observations using this technique, as well discuss future surveys and the resulting science possibilities for galaxy evolution and cosmology.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures. Conference proceedings for IAU308 Symposium on "The Zel'dovich Universe: Genesis and Growth of the Cosmic Web"
An Interactive Database for the Assessment of Histone Antibody Specificity
Creators: name: Ruthenburg, Alexander J.
name: Josefowicz, Steven Z.
name: Shanle, Erin K.
name: Magnuson, Terry R.
name: Strahl, Brian D.
name: Grzybowski, Adrian T.
name: Rothbart, Scott B.
name: Allis, C. David
name: Krajewski, Krzysztof
name: Dickson, Bradley M.
name: Guo, Angela H.
name: Fuchs, Stephen M.
name: Raab, Jesse R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Access to high quality antibodies is a necessity for the study of histones and their posttranslational modifications (PTMs). Here we debut The Histone Antibody Specificity Database (http://www.histoneantibodies.com), an online and expanding resource cataloguing the behavior of widely used commercially available histone antibodies by peptide microarray. This interactive web portal provides a critical resource to the biological research community who routinely use these antibodies as detection reagents for a wide range of applications.
Archo Femur EvoDevo_supplementary_ProcBrev_20220726.docx from The femoral head of birds evolved via a shift from torsion to growth along the avian stem
Creators: name: Egawa, Shiro
name: Griffin, Christopher T.
name: Bishop, Peter J.
name: Pintore, Romain
name: Tsai, Henry P.
name: Botelho, João F.
name: Smith-Paredes, Daniel
name: Kuratani, Shigeru
name: Norell, Mark A.
name: Nesbitt, Sterling J.
name: Hutchinson, John R.
name: Bhullar, Bhart-Anjan S.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 40308 Palaeontology (incl. Palynology)
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Significant evolutionary shifts in locomotor behaviour often involve comparatively subtle anatomical transitions. In particular for dinosaurian locomotor apparatus, considerable medial overhang of the proximal end of the femur has been central to discussions for their locomotion. However, there is an apparent conflict with regard to the evolutionary origin of the dinosaurian femoral head, with neontological and paleontological data suggesting seemingly incongruent hypotheses. To reconcile this, we reconstructed the evolutionary history of morphogenesis of the proximal end of the femur from early archosaurs to crown birds. Embryological comparison of living archosaurs (crocodylians and birds) suggests the acquisition of the greater overhang of the femoral head in dinosaurs results from additional growth of the proximal end in the medial-ward direction. On the other hand, the fossil comparison suggests this overhang was acquired by torsion of the proximal end, which projected to more rostral direction in ancestors. We reconcile this apparent conflict by inferring that the medial overhang of the dinosaur femoral head was initially acquired by torsion, which was then superseded by mediad growth. Details of anatomical shifts in fossil forms support this hypothesis, and their biomechanical implications are congruent with the general consensus regarding broader morpho-functional evolution on the avian stem.
From minijet saturation to global observables in A + A collisions at the LHC and RHIC
Creators: name: Paatelainen, R.
name: Eskola, K. J.
name: Niemi, H.
name: Tuominen, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review the recent results from the computation of saturated next-to-leading order perturbative QCD minijet intial conditions combined with viscous hydrodynamical evolution of ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions at the LHC and RHIC. Comparison with experimental data is shown.
description: Prepared for the Proceedings of "Hard Probes 2013", the 6th International Conference on Hard and Electromagnetic Probes of High-Energy Nuclear Collisions, Stellenbosch, South Africa, November 4-8, 2013
Kantowski-Sachs cosmology in scalar-torsion theory
Creators: name: Paliathanasis, Andronikos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the context of scalar-torsion theory we investigate the evolution of the cosmological anisotropies for a Kantowski-Sachs background geometry. We study the phase-space of the gravitational field equations by determining the admitted stationary points and study their stability properties. For the potential function of the non-minimally coupled scalar field we assume the exponential and the power-law functions. Finally, we make use of Poincare variables in order to investigate the existence of stationary points at the infinity regime of the dynamics.
description: 25 pages; 6 figures; to appear in Eur. Phys. J. C
CRL4VprBP E3 Ligase Promotes Monoubiquitylation and Chromatin Binding of TET Dioxygenases
Creators: name: Chen, Xian
name: Lv, Lei
name: Fan, Heng-Yu
name: Xiong, Yue
name: D’Alessio, Ana C.
name: Yu, Yanbao
name: Nakagawa, Tadashi
name: Nakagawa, Makiko
name: Yu, Chao
name: Nakayama, Keiko
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: DNA methylation at the C-5 position of cytosine (5mC) regulates gene expression and plays pivotal roles in various biological processes. The TET dioxygenases iterative oxidation of 5mC, leading to eventual demethylation intermediate. Inactivation of TET enzymes causes multi-stage developmental defects, impaired cell reprogramming and hematopoietic malignancies. However, little is known about how TET activity is regulated. Here we show that all three TET proteins bind to VprBP and are monoubiquitylated by the VprBP-DDB1-CUL4-ROC1 E3 ubiquitin ligase (CRL4VprBP) on a highly conserved lysine residue. Deletion of VprBP in oocytes abrogated paternal DNA hydroxymethylation in zygotes. VprBP-mediated monoubiquitylation promotes TET binding to chromatin. Multiple recurrent TET2-inactivating mutations derived from leukemia target either the monoubiquitylation site (K1299) or residues essential for VprBP binding. Cumulatively, our data demonstrate that CRL4VprBP is a critical regulator of TET dioxygenases during development and in tumor suppression.
Fisher-Shannon product and quantum revivals in wavepacket dynamics
Creators: name: García, T.
name: Santos, F. de los
name: Romera, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show the usefulness of the Fisher-Shannon information product in the study of the sequence of collapses and revivals that take place along the time evolution of quantum wavepackets. This fact is illustrated in two models, the quantum bouncer and a graphene quantum ring.
On The Fine Tuning and Physical Origin of Line-Locked Absorption Systems in Active Galaxies
Creators: name: Lewis, T. R.
name: Chelouche, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Line locking (LL) of absorption line systems is a clear signature of the dynamical importance of radiation pressure force in driving astrophysical flows, with recent findings suggesting that it may be common in quasars exhibiting multiple intrinsic narrow absorption-line (NAL) systems. In this work we probe the phase space conducive to LL and follow the detailed kinematics of those systems that may lock at the velocity separation of the CIV $λλ1548.19,1550.77$ doublet. We find that a small volume of the phase-phase admits LL, suggesting a high-degree of fine-tuning between the physical properties of locked systems. The stability of LL against quasar luminosity variations is quantified with implications for the long-term variability amplitude of quasars and the velocity-separation statistic between multiple NAL systems. The high occurrence of LL by the CIV doublet implies that the hidden extreme-UV emission from quasars is unlikely to be significantly under-estimated by current models. Further, the ratio of the LL velocity to the outflow velocity may serve as a powerful constraint on the composition of the accelerating medium. We conclude that LL poses significant challenges to current theories for the formation of non-intervening NAL systems, and speculate that it may be a manifestation of expanding circumstellar shells around asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars in the quasar-host bulge.
description: 22 pages, 13 figures, ApJ in press
Development of eggs of dragonflies (Odonata: Anisoptera) from two streams in north-eastern Victoria, Australia
Creators: name: Hawking, J. H
name: New, T. R
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2023

description: Murray-Darling Freshwater Research Centre

MDFRC item.

The development of the eggs.of six species of Anisoptera from the Kiewa River and Middle Creek, Victoria was studied by incubating eggs over a range of temperatures, comparable to that found in the two streams. The eggs of each species developed directly, with an increase in development rate with increase in temperature. There appeared to be differences in the lower developmental threshold-temperatures of coexisting species of Gomphidae and Libellulidae.
The PZP Domain of AF10 Senses Unmodified H3K27 to Regulate DOT1L-Mediated Methylation of H3K79
Creators: name: Krajewski, Krzysztof
name: Deshpande, Aniruddha J.
name: Gozani, Or
name: Garcia, Benjamin A.
name: Armstrong, Scott A.
name: Strahl, Brian D.
name: Sidoli, Simone
name: Yang, Ze
name: Patel, Dinshaw J.
name: Wilkinson, Alex W.
name: Chen, Shoudeng
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: AF10, a DOT1L cofactor, is required for H3K79 methylation and cooperates with DOT1L in leukemogenesis. However, the molecular mechanism by which AF10 regulates DOT1L-mediated H3K79 methylation is not clear. Here we report that AF10 contains a "reader" domain that couples unmodified H3K27 recognition to H3K79 methylation. An AF10 region consisting of a PHD finger-Zn knuckle-PHD finger (PZP) folds into a single module that recognizes amino acids 22-27 of H3, and this interaction is abrogated by H3K27 modification. Structural studies reveal that H3 binding triggers rearrangement of the PZP module to form an H3(22-27)-accommodating channel and that the unmodified H3K27 side chain is encased in a compact hydrogen-bond acceptor-lined cage. In cells, PZP recognition of H3 is required for H3K79 dimethylation, expression of DOT1L-target genes, and proliferation of DOT1L-addicted leukemic cells. Together, our results uncover a pivotal role for H3K27-via readout by the AF10 PZP domain-in regulating the cancer-associated enzyme DOT1L.