cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Quantum Scaling Approach to Nonequilibrium Models
Creators: name: Hanney, T.
name: Stinchcombe, R. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Stochastic nonequilibrium exclusion models are treated using a real space scaling approach. The method exploits the mapping between nonequilibrium and quantum systems, and it is developed to accommodate conservation laws and duality symmetries, yielding exact fixed points for a variety of exclusion models. In addition, it is shown how the asymmetric simple exclusion process in one dimension can be written in terms of a classical Hamiltonian in two dimensions using a Suzuki-Trotter decomposition.
description: 17 pages
Total Factor Productivity Growth and the Environment: A Case for Green Growth Accounting
Creators: name: Xepapadeas, Anastasios
name: Tzouvelekas, Vangelis
name: Vouvaki, Dimitra
name: Xepapadeas, Anastasios
name: Tzouvelekas, Vangelis
name: Vouvaki, Dimitra
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Solow Residual
subject: Total Factor Productivity Growth
subject: Growth
subject: Environment
subject: Green Growth Accounting

description: We examine whether the use of the environment, proxied by CO2 emissions, as a factor of production contributes, in addition to conventional factors of production to output growth, and thus it should be accounted for in total factor productivity growth (TFPG) measurement and deducted from the .residual. A theoretical framework of growth accounting methodology with environment as a factor of production which is unpaid in the absence of environmental policy is developed. Using data from a panel of 23 OECD countries, we show that emissions. growth have a statistically significant contribution to the growth of output, that emission augmenting technical change is present along with labor augmenting technical change, and that part of output growth which is traditionally attributed to technical change should be attributed to the use of the environment as a not fully compensated factor of production. Our results point towards the need for developing a concept of "Green Growth Accounting".
Models of Ultraluminous X-Ray Sources with Intermediate-Mass Black Holes
Creators: name: Madhusudhan, N.
name: Justham, S.
name: Nelson, L.
name: Paxton, B.
name: Pfahl, E.
name: Podsiadlowski, Ph.
name: Rappaport, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have computed models for ultraluminous X-ray sources ("ULXs") consisting of a black-hole accretor of intermediate mass ("IMBH"; e.g., ~1000 Msun) and a captured donor star. For each of four different sets of initial donor masses and orbital separations, we computed 30,000 binary evolution models using a full Henyey stellar evolution code. To our knowledge this is the first time that a population of X-ray binaries this large has been carried out with other than approximation methods, and it serves to demonstrate the feasibility of this approach to large-scale population studies of mass-transfer binaries. In the present study, we find that in order to have a plausible efficiency for producing active ULX systems with IMBHs having luminosities > 10^{40} ergs/sec, there are two basic requirements for the capture of companion/donor stars. First, the donor stars should be massive, i.e., > 8 Msun. Second, the initial orbital separations, after circularization, should be close, i.e., < 6-30 times the radius of the donor star when on the main sequence. Even under these optimistic conditions, we show that the production rate of IMBH-ULX systems may fall short of the observed values by factors of 10-100.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, submitted to ApJ
How Overconfident are Current Projections of Anthropogenic Carbon Dioxide Emissions?
Creators: name: Keller, Klaus
name: Miltich, Louise I.
name: Robinson, Alexander
name: Tol, Richard S.J.
name: Keller, Klaus
name: Miltich, Louise I.
name: Robinson, Alexander
name: Tol, Richard S.J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Carbon Dioxide
subject: Emissions
subject: Scenarios
subject: Data Assimilation
subject: Markov Chain Monte Carlo

description: Analyzing the risks of anthropogenic climate change requires sound probabilistic projections of CO2 emissions. Previous projections have broken important new ground, but many rely on out-of-range projections, are limited to the 21st century, or provide only implicit probabilistic information. Here we take a step towards resolving these problems by assimilating globally aggregated observations of population size, economic output, and CO2 emissions over the last three centuries into a simple economic model. We use this model to derive probabilistic projections of business-as-usual CO2 emissions to the year 2150. We demonstrate how the common practice to limit the calibration timescale to decades can result in biased and overconfident projections. The range of several CO2 emission scenarios (e.g., from the Special Report on Emission Scenarios) misses potentially important tails of our projected probability density function. Studies that have interpreted the range of CO2 emission scenarios as an approximation for the full forcing uncertainty may well be biased towards overconfident climate change projections.
Designing a Decision Support System for Marine Reserves Management: An Economic Analysis for the Dutch North Sea
Creators: name: Van Ierland, Ekko C.
name: Ding, Hongyu
name: Ruijs, Arjan
name: Van Ierland, Ekko C.
name: Ding, Hongyu
name: Ruijs, Arjan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: In this paper we discuss how a Decision Support System (DSS) for managing the marine environment can be set up. We use the Driving force-Pressure-State-Impact-Respond (DPSIR) framework to analyze which are the major driving forces impacting upon the marine environment in the North Sea. Moreover, a number of potential responses are identified. Furthermore, a preliminary and simplified optimization model has been set up and can be used in a DSS to decide on the best location of marine reserves for the protection of species. The model is based on a bio-economic metapopulation model that can be used to decide which parts of the sea should be opened for fisheries and which should be protected as marine reserve. It accounts for the dispersal of fish and considers both the economic returns from fisheries and the ecological value of marine biodiversity. A number of suggestions are given on how to extend and improve the DSS.
Spectral conservation laws for periodic nonlinear equations of the Melnikov type
Creators: name: Grinevich, P. G.
name: Taimanov, I. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the nonlinear equations obtained from soliton equations by adding self-consistent sources. We demonstrate by using as an example the Kadomtsev-Petviashvili equation that such equations on periodic functions are not isospectral. They deform the spectral curve but preserve the multipliers of the Floquet functions. The latter property implies that the conservation laws, for soliton equations, which may be described in terms of the Floquet multipliers give rise to conservation laws for the corresponding equations with self-consistent sources. Such a property was first observed by us for some geometrical flow which appears in the conformal geometry of tori in three- and four-dimensional Euclidean spaces (math/0611215).
description: 16 pages
Data
Creators: name: Amieroh Abrahams
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 40104 Climate Change Processes
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: The data saved here are subsets of much larger datasets focusing on my area of study in South Africa. This data is uploaded for manuscript requirement purposes.
The Kyoto Protocol and the Effect of Existing and Planned Measures in the Agricultural and Forestry Sector in the EU25
Creators: name: Povellato, Andrea
name: Bosello, Francesco
name: Buchner, Barbara K.
name: Crimi, Jacopo
name: Giupponi, Carlo
name: Povellato, Andrea
name: Bosello, Francesco
name: Buchner, Barbara K.
name: Crimi, Jacopo
name: Giupponi, Carlo
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy
International Relations/Trade

description: Agricultural and forestry activities cover the majority of the EU territory: in particular agriculture is the main land use type, accounting for more than 41% of the land use in the EU15, while in the new Member States this share ranges between 30 and 60 %, whereas forestry is the second. The role of agriculture as both a source of and as a sink of greenhouse gases (GHG) varies significantly because of the diversity of production systems adopted by farmers and of the environmental conditions in Europe. The effectiveness of the policy measures adopted so far in the agro-forestry sector to meet the Kyoto target are reported in the National Communications to the UNFCC which now reached its 4th edition. National Communication were used in this reports as the main source of information to develop a country by country survey of policy measure - both from a qualitative and a quantitative perspective - allowing to understand the progresses the Members States are making towards their commitments, also thanks to a comparative assessment of this release with the previous communications to the UNFCC. Although not all members' states did provide quantitative estimations, the comparison of the third fourth edition of the National Communication showed that almost all the countries have revised their estimations and projections of GHG emissions. It is also worth noting that that even though the measures reported at the country level still respond mainly to Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) requirements or to the improvement of air and water quality standards, the issue of climate change has become increasingly prominent in the design of agro-forestry development strategies.
A Review of Recent Studies on Cost Effectiveness of GHG Mitigation Measures in the European Agro-Forestry Sector
Creators: name: Povellato, Andrea
name: Bosello, Francesco
name: Giupponi, Carlo
name: Povellato, Andrea
name: Bosello, Francesco
name: Giupponi, Carlo
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: Over the last twenty years, climate change has become an increasing concern for scientists, public opinions and policy makers. Due to the pervasive nature of its impacts for many important aspects of human life, climate change is likely to influence and be influenced by the most diverse policy or management choices. This is particularly true for those interventions affecting agriculture and forestry: they are strongly dependent on climate phenomena, but also contribute to climate evolution being sources of and sinks for greenhouse gases. This paper offers a survey of the existing literature assessing cost, effectiveness and efficiency of greenhouse gas mitigation strategies, or broader economic reforms, targeted to the agricultural and forestry sectors. The specific focus is on European Countries. Different methodological approaches, research questions addressed and results are examined. The main finding is that agriculture and forestry can potentially provide GHG reduction at a competitive cost. Nevertheless this cost is positive; accordingly, mitigation policies should be carefully designed either to balance costs with expected benefits or to avoid excessive penalisation of the sectors involved. Finally needs are highlighted for improving the existing knowledge and research methodologies.
A CRF-based Framework for Tracklet Inactivation in Online Multi-Object Tracking
Creators: name: Gao, Tianze
name: Pan, Huihui
name: Wang, Zidong
name: Gao, Huijun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Online multi-object tracking (MOT) is an active research topic in the domain of computer vision. Although many previously proposed algorithms have exhibited decent results, the issue of tracklet inactivation has not been sufficiently studied. Simple strategies such as using a fixed threshold on classification scores are adopted, yielding undesirable tracking mistakes and limiting the overall performance. In this paper, a conditional random field (CRF) based framework is put forward to tackle the tracklet inactivation issue in online MOT problems. A discrete CRF which exploits the intra-frame relationship between tracking hypotheses is developed to improve the robustness of tracklet inactivation. Separate sets of feature functions are designed for the unary and binary terms in the CRF, which take into account various tracking challenges in practical scenarios. To handle the problem of varying CRF nodes in the MOT context, two strategies named as hypothesis filtering and dummy nodes are employed. In the proposed framework, the inference stage is conducted by using the loopy belief propagation algorithm, and the CRF parameters are determined by utilizing the maximum likelihood estimation method followed by slight manual adjustment. Experimental results show that the tracker combined with the CRF-based framework outperforms the baseline on the MOT16 and MOT17 benchmarks. The extensibility of the proposed framework is further validated by an extensive experiment.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures. This work has been accepted by IEEE Transactions on Multimedia. (DOI: 10.1109/TMM.2021.3062489)
Determinantal point processes and fermionic Fock space
Creators: name: Neretin, Yurii A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60G55, 22E65

description: We construct a canonical embedding of the space $L^2$ over a determinantal point process to the fermionic Fock space. Equivalently, we show that a determinantal process is the spectral measure for some explicit commutative group of Gaussian operators in the fermionic Fock space.
description: 7pp
Coulomb-Blockade Oscillations in Semiconductor Nanostructures
Creators: name: van Houten, H.
name: Beenakker, C. W. J.
name: Staring, A. A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I. Introduction (Preface, Basic properties of semiconductor nanostructures). II. Theory of Coulomb-blockade oscillations (Periodicity of the oscillations, Amplitude and lineshape). III. Experiments on Coulomb-blockade oscillations (Quantum dots, Disordered quantum wires, Relation to earlier work on disordered quantum wires). IV. Quantum Hall effect regime (The Aharonov-Bohm effect in a quantum dot, Coulomb blockade of the Aharonov-Bohm effect, Experiments on quantum dots, Experiments on disordered quantum wires).
description: 28 pages including 27 figures; this review from 1992 is still being used as a basic reference, but it was not yet available electronically
A Bug's Life: Competition Among Species Towards the Environment
Creators: name: Bella, Giovanni
name: Bella, Giovanni
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: A model of different species competing for the same environment is presented, and possible explanations of peaceful coexistence or rather internecine conflicts are consequently derived. By means of a Lotka-Volterra dynamic system we describe the evolution of two populations (bees and locusts) that differently approach the management of those natural resources they contend for, and thus make a simple parable of today's societies playing the current environmental scenario.
Loth, Heinz-Jürgen, Mildenberger, Michael, Tworuschka, Udo: Christentum im Spiegel der Weltreligionen
Creators: name: Meinhold, Peter
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 28 Nr. 4 (1979): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 28, Heft 4
Geotomography with solar and supernova neutrinos
Creators: name: Akhmedov, E. Kh.
name: Tortola, M. A.
name: Valle, J. W. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show how by studying the Earth matter effect on oscillations of solar and supernova neutrinos inside the Earth one can in principle reconstruct the electron number density profile of the Earth. A direct inversion of the oscillation problem is possible due to the existence of a very simple analytic formula for the Earth matter effect on oscillations of solar and supernova neutrinos. From the point of view of the Earth tomography, these oscillations have a number of advantages over the oscillations of the accelerator or atmospheric neutrinos, which stem from the fact that solar and supernova neutrinos are coming to the Earth as mass eigenstates rather than flavour eigenstates. In particular, this allows reconstruction of density profiles even over relatively short neutrino path lengths in the Earth, and also of asymmetric profiles. We study the requirements that future experiments must meet to achieve a given accuracy of the tomography of the Earth.
description: 35 pages, 7 figures; minor textual changes in section 2
Super-sample covariance of the thermal Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect
Creators: name: Osato, Ken
name: Takada, Masahiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The thermal Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (tSZ) effect is a powerful probe of cosmology. The statistical errors in the tSZ power spectrum measurements are dominated by the presence of massive clusters in a survey volume that are easy to identify on individual cluster basis. First, we study the impact of super sample covariance (SSC) on the tSZ power spectrum measurements, and find that the sample variance is dominated by the connected non-Gaussian (cNG) covariance arising mainly from Poisson number fluctuations of massive clusters in the survey volume. Second, we find that removing such individually-detected, massive clusters from the analysis significantly reduces the cNG contribution, thereby leading the SSC to be a leading source of the sample variance. We then show, based on Fisher analysis, that the power spectrum measured from the remaining diffuse tSZ effects can be used to obtain tight constraints on cosmological parameters as well as the hydrostatic mass bias parameter. Our method offers complementary use of individual tSZ cluster counts and the power spectrum measurements of diffuse tSZ signals for cosmology and intracluster gas physics.
description: 15 pages, 9 figures, PRD in press
Proposed Experimental Design and Construction Features
Creators: name: Kentucky Department Of Highways
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 1968
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: PURPOSE AND OBJECTIVES: The experimental features proposed in connection with this project are three-fold: the first pertains to subsurface drainage of the pavement system, the second pertains to the feasibility of constructing full-depth, asphaltic concrete pavement sections directly on subgrade material -- rock or soil; the third pertains to the structural design and performance of pavement sections employing designated substitutions of bituminous concrete dense-graded aggregate base.
Lepton Flavour Asymmetries and the Mass Spectrum of Primordial Black Holes
Creators: name: Bodeker, Dietrich
name: Kuhnel, Florian
name: Oldengott, Isabel M.
name: Schwarz, Dominik J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the influence of lepton flavour asymmetries on the formation and the mass spectrum of primordial black holes. We estimate the detectability of their mergers with LIGO/Virgo and show that the currently published gravitational wave events may actually be described by a primordial black hole spectrum from non-zero asymmetries. We suggest to use gravitational-wave astronomy as a novel tool to probe how lepton flavour asymmetric the Universe has been before the onset of neutrino oscillations.
description: v3: Minor improvements to match published version; includes ancillary files with data of the figures
Climate Coalitions: A Theoretical and Computational Appraisal
Creators: name: Bréchet, Thierry
name: Gerard, Francois
name: Tulkens, Henry
name: Bréchet, Thierry
name: Gerard, Francois
name: Tulkens, Henry
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: Using an updated version of the CWS model (introduced by Eyckmans and Tulkens in Resource and Energy Economics 2003), this paper intends to evaluate with numbers the respective merits of two competing notions of coalition stability in the standard global public goods model as customarily applied to the climate change problem. After a reminder of the model structure and of the definition of the two game theoretical stability notions involved - namely, core stability and internal-external stability, the former property is shown to hold for the grand coalition in the CWS model only if resource transfers of a specific form between countries are introduced. It is further shown that while the latter property holds neither for the grand coalition nor for most large coalitions, it is nevertheless verified in a weak sense that involves transfers (dubbed 'potential internal stability') for most small coalitions. The reason for this difference is brought to light, namely the differing rationale that inspires the transfers in either case. Finally, it is shown that the stable coalitions that perform best (in terms of carbon concentration and global welfare) are always composed of both industrialized and developing countries. Two sensitivity analyses confirm the robustness of all these results.
The white wall, a gravitational mirror
Creators: name: Saravi, Ricardo E. Gamboa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe the exact solution of Einstein's equation corresponding to a static homogenous distribution of matter with plane symmetry lying below $z=0$. We study the geodesics in it and we show that this simple spacetime exhibits very curious properties. In particular, it has a repelling singular boundary and all geodesics bounce off it.
description: 8 pages, 1 figure, final version
Consistently High Voc Values in p-i-n Type Perovskite Solar Cells Using Ni3+-Doped NiO Nanomesh as the Hole Transporting Layer
Creators: name: Kumar, Pawan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 30602 Chemical Thermodynamics and Energetics
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 30301 Chemical Characterisation of Materials
subject: 30403 Characterisation of Biological Macromolecules
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 30603 Colloid and Surface Chemistry
subject: Crystallography
subject: 30102 Electroanalytical Chemistry
subject: 39903 Industrial Chemistry

description: Leading edge p-i-n type halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) severely underperform n-i-p PSCs. p-i-n type PSCs that use PEDOT:PSS hole transport layers (HTLs) struggle to generate open-circuit photovoltage values higher than 1 V. NiO HTLs have shown greater promise in achieving high Voc values albeit inconsistently. In this report, a NiO nanomesh with Ni3+ defect grown by the hydrothermal method was used to obtain PSCs with Voc values that consistently exceeded 1.10 V (champion Voc = 1.14 V). A champion device photoconversion efficiency of 17.75% was observed. Density functional theory modeling was used to understand the interfacial properties of the NiO/perovskite interface.
$\mathcal{N}=1$ Super-Yang-Mills theory on the lattice with twisted mass fermions
Creators: name: Steinhauser, Marc
name: Sternbeck, André
name: Wellegehausen, Björn
name: Wipf, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Super-Yang-Mills theory (SYM) is a central building block for supersymmetric extensions of the Standard Model of particle physics. Whereas the weakly coupled subsector of the latter can be treated within a perturbative setting, the strongly coupled subsector must be dealt with a non-perturbative approach. Such an approach is provided by the lattice formulation. Unfortunately a lattice regularization breaks supersymmetry and consequently the mass degeneracy within a supermultiplet. In this article we investigate the properties of $\mathcal{N}=1$ supersymmetric SU(3) Yang-Mills theory with a lattice Wilson Dirac operator with an additional parity mass, similar as in twisted mass lattice QCD. We show that a special $45^\circ$ twist effectively moves the mass splitting of the chiral partners. Thus, at finite lattice spacing both chiral and supersymmetry are enhanced resulting in an improved continuum extrapolation. Furthermore, we show that for the non-interacting theory at $45^\circ$ twist discretization errors of order $\mathcal{O}(a)$ are suppressed, suggesting that the same happens for the interacting theory as well. As an aside, we demonstrate that the DD$α$AMG multigrid algorithm accelerates the inversion of the Wilson Dirac operator considerably. On a $16^3\times 32$ lattice, speed-up factors of up to 20 are reached if commonly used algorithms are replaced by the DD$α$AMG.
description: 34 pages + 3 pages appendix, 18 figures, version appeared in JHEP
Enhanced adsorption of Xe and Kr on boron doped graphene sheet decorated with transition metals (Fe, Ni, Cu and Zn)
Creators: name: Anees, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Efficient adsorption and segregation of Xe & Kr gases is of high importance in commercial as well as nuclear industries. Systematic ab initio calculations reveal that transition metal (TM) decorated boron doped graphene (BDG-TM) sheet can act as an efficient substrate for adsorptive capture of Xe & Kr (adatoms). Substantial enhancement in the adsorption energy (E_ads) is obtained on BDG-TM substrates and it varies as BDG-Cu > BDG-Ni > BDG-Fe > BDG-Zn. The improvement is approximately four times of the pristine BDG and twice that of the conventional metallic substrates. Badar charge analysis and charge density difference maps envisage that, the TM decoration alters the charge distribution at substrate-adatom interface, which in turn brings a considerable change in the polarization of adatom, leads to significant improvement in the E_ads. The change in polarization of adatoms is interlinked with charge transfer process and it has been gauged by computing their effective charges upon adsorption; which follows the same sequence of E_ads and hence corroborated each other. Later, the partial density of states analysis shows a splitting and strong hybridization of Xe-p with TM-d orbitals near the Fermi level of Fe, Ni and Cu decorated systems, unveils a strong adsorption. Further, the effect of clustering and dispersion of Cu atoms on E_ads are analyzed using a first principle based genetic algorithm, which reveals that clustering of Cu atoms deteriorate the E_ads of Xe & Kr. Thus for experimental realization, BDG sheet with uniformly dispersed fine Cu particles is proposed as a substrate.
The role of the dim-1 gene in muscle maintenance and stability in Caenorhabditis elegans
Creators: name: Devenport, Danelle
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Unc-112 and dim-1 are a pair of interacting genes that are required for myofilament lattice assembly and maintenance in the nematode, Caenorhabdidtis elegans. The unc-112 gene encodes a novel protein localized to attachment structures that are responsible for anchoring the myofilament lattice to the muscle cell membrane and underlying body wall layers. Loss of UNC- 112 results in the failure of myofilament lattice assembly and lethality. Animals homozygous for the missense mutation unc-112 (r367), on the other hand, survive to adulthood but are paralyzed and have severely disorganized body wall muscle. Mutations in the dim-1 gene can suppress the phenotypic defects associated with unc-112 (r367). Animals homozygous for both dim-1 and unc-112 (r367) display wild type movement and have relatively well organized body wall muscle. Animals homozygous for the dim-1 mutation alone display mildly disorganized muscle, thus the dim-1 gene is required for maintaining muscle stability. The dim-1 gene encodes a 325 amino acid protein that constitutes three immunoglobulin repeats that are most similar to the intracellular muscle proteins, titin and twitchin. Immunofluorescence analysis revealed that DIM-1 is expressed in body wall muscle in a pattern reminiscent of myofilament associated proteins. Preliminary results suggest DIM-1 may associate with actin containing thin filaments. The disorganized muscle phenotype of dim-1 mutants and the localization of its gene product suggest that DIM-1 maintains the integrity of the myofilament lattice through the stabilization of thin filaments. Results presented in this thesis suggest that the suppression of unc-112 (r367) by dim-1 is indirect. First, sequence alterations for eight dim-1 alleles have been identified all of which result in the loss of the dim-1 gene product. Thus, the absence of DIM-1 results in the suppression of unc-112 (r367). Second, DIM-1 is not required for localization of UNC-112 to attachment structures and third, the DIM-1 protein is localized to myofilaments rather than attachment structures. These results indicate that the genetic interaction between dim-1 and unc-112 is not due to a direct interaction between their gene products. Rather, suppression of unc-112 appears to result from a change in the overall stability of the myofilament lattice caused by the loss of dim-1. This change may allow the altered r367 protein to maintain the integrity of the myofilament lattice.
Phase space structure of Chern-Simons theory with a non-standard puncture
Creators: name: Meusburger, C
name: Schroers, B J
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explicitly determine the symplectic structure on the phase space of Chern-Simons theory with gauge group $G\ltimes g^*$ on a three-manifold of topology $R \times S$, where $S$ is a surface of genus $g$ with $n+1$ punctures. At each puncture additional variables are introduced and coupled minimally to the Chern-Simons gauge field. The first $n$ punctures are treated in the usual way and the additional variables lie on coadjoint orbits of $G\ltimes g^*$. The $(n+1)$st puncture plays a distinguished role and the associated variables lie in the cotangent bundle of $G\ltimes g^*$. This allows us to impose a curvature singularity for the Chern-Simons gauge field at the distinguished puncture with an arbitrary Lie algebra valued coefficient. The treatment of the distinguished puncture is motivated by the desire to construct a simple model for an open universe in the Chern-Simons formulation of $(2+1)$-dimensional gravity.
description: 35 pages, 3 eps figures
Redealing the Cards: How The Presence of an Eco-Industry Modifies the Political Economy of Environmental Policies
Creators: name: Canton, Joan
name: Canton, Joan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy

description: An incumbent government maximizes its chances of being reelected. Its objective function encompasses both social welfare and political contributions. Its only instrument is a pollution tax. In an open-economy context, we introduce an eco-industry in addition to lobbies of polluting firms and environmentalists. Not only does the eco-industry lobby add a new political contribution toward a higher environmental tax, it also modifies the incentives of the usual lobbies. When the foreign environmental policy is constant, environmentalists can be in favor of a decrease in the local tax in order to reduce foreign pollution. It could also be in the interest of a vertical industrial pressure group to lobby toward more stringent environmental policy. In general, the impact of lobbying activities on the politically optimal tax is ambiguous as pressure groups push in different directions.
Boundary zonal flows in rapidly rotating turbulent thermal convection
Creators: name: Zhang, Xuan
name: Ecke, Robert E.
name: Shishkina, Olga
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, in Zhang et al. (2020), it was found that in rapidly rotating turbulent Rayleigh-Bénard convection (RBC) in slender cylindrical containers (with diameter-to-height aspect ratio $Γ=1/2$) filled with a small-Prandtl-number fluid ($Pr \approx0.8$), the Large Scale Circulation (LSC) is suppressed and a Boundary Zonal Flow (BZF) develops near the sidewall, characterized by a bimodal PDF of the temperature, cyclonic fluid motion, and anticyclonic drift of the flow pattern (with respect to the rotating frame). This BZF carries a disproportionate amount ($>60\%$) of the total heat transport for $Pr < 1$ but decreases rather abruptly for larger $Pr$ to about $35\%$. In this work, we show that the BZF is robust and appears in rapidly rotating turbulent RBC in containers of different $Γ$ and in a broad range of $Pr$ and $Ra$. Direct numerical simulations for $0.1 \leq Pr \leq 12.3$, $10^7 \leq Ra \leq 5\times10^{9}$, $10^{5} \leq 1/Ek \leq 10^{7}$ and $Γ$ = 1/3, 1/2, 3/4, 1 and 2 show that the BZF width $δ_0$ scales with the Rayleigh number $Ra$ and Ekman number $Ek$ as $δ_0/H \sim Γ^{0} \Pr^{\{-1/4, 0\}} Ra^{1/4} Ek^{2/3}$ (${Pr<1, Pr>1}$) and the drift frequency as $ω/Ω\sim Γ^{0} Pr^{-4/3} Ra Ek^{5/3}$, where $H$ is the cell height and $Ω$ the angular rotation rate. The mode number of the BZF is 1 for $Γ\lesssim 1$ and $2 Γ$ for $Γ$ = {1,2} independent of $Ra$ and $Pr$. The BZF is quite reminiscent of wall mode states in rotating convection.
Climate Change and the Stability of Water Allocation Agreements
Creators: name: Ansink, Erik
name: Ruijs, Arjan
name: Ansink, Erik
name: Ruijs, Arjan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: We analyse agreements on river water allocation between riparian countries. Besides being efficient, water allocation agreements need to be stable in order to be effective in increasing the efficiency of water use. In this paper, we assess the stability of water allocation agreements, using a game theoretic model. We consider the effects of climate change and the choice of a sharing rule on stability. Our results show that both a decrease in mean river flow and an increase in the variance of river flow decrease the stability of an agreement. An agreement where the downstream country is allocated a fixed amount of water has the lowest stability compared to other sharing rules.
Chirality induced Giant Unidirectional Magnetoresistance in Twisted Bilayer Graphene
Creators: name: Liu, Yizhou
name: Holder, Tobias
name: Yan, Binghai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Twisted bilayer graphene (TBG) exhibits fascinating correlation-driven phenomena like the superconductivity and Mott insulating state, with flat bands and a chiral lattice structure. We find by quantum transport calculations that the chirality leads to a giant unidirectional magnetoresistance (UMR) in TBG, where the unidirectionality refers to the resistance change under the reversal of the direction of the current or magnetic field. We point out that flat bands significantly enhance this effect. The UMR increases quickly upon reducing the twist angle and reaches about 20\% for an angle of 1.5$^\circ$ in a 10 T in-plane magnetic field. We propose the band structure topology (asymmetry), which leads to a direction-sensitive mean free path, as a useful way to anticipate the UMR effect. The UMR provides a probe for chirality and band flatness in the twisted bilayers.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures and the Supplementary Materials
Controllable pi junction with magnetic nanostructures
Creators: name: Yamashita, T.
name: Takahashi, S.
name: Maekawa, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a novel Josephson device in which 0 and $π$ states are controlled by an electrical current. In this system, the $π$ state appears in a superconductor/normal metal/superconductor junction due to the non-local spin accumulation in the normal metal which is induced by spin injection from a ferromagnetic electrode. Our proposal offers not only new possibilities for application of superconducting spin-electronic devices but also the in-depth understanding of the spin-dependent phenomena in magnetic nanostructures.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Compact or Spread-Out Cities: Urban Planning, Taxation, and the Vulnerability to Transportation Shocks
Creators: name: Gusdorf, Francois
name: Hallegatte, Stephane
name: Gusdorf, Francois
name: Hallegatte, Stephane
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development

description: This paper shows that cities made more compact by transportation taxation are more robust than spread-out cities to shocks in transportation costs. Such a shock, indeed, entails negative transition effects that are caused by housing infrastructure inertia and are magnified in low-density cities. Distortions due to a transportation tax, however, have in absence of shock detrimental consequences that need to be accounted for. The range of beneficial tax levels can, therefore, be identified as a function of the possible magnitude of future shocks in transportation costs. These taxation levels, which can reach significant values, reduce city vulnerability and prevent lock-ins in under-optimal situations.
Environmental Taxation and International Eco-Industries
Creators: name: Canton, Joan
name: Canton, Joan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy

description: Environmental policies are discussed when two countries differ in their ability to abate pollution. Northern eco-industries (the industry supplying abatement activities) are more efficient than Southern ones. Segmented environmental markets and a Northern monopoly yield identical second-best taxes in both countries. When markets are global, Southern countries underestimate the market power of eco-industries. Introducing competition creates positive (resp. negative) rent-shifting distortions in South (resp. North). Cooperation could reduce Northern pollution but has ambiguous consequences in South.
the RefPerSys open source symbolic artificial intelligence system
Creators: name: Starynkevitch
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: artificial intelligence
linux
open source

description: RefPerSys is an open source software project on symbolic artificial intelligence (GPLv3+ licensed, for Linux). We wish to find contributors and use cases, and be part of some future HorizonEurope consortium (in first half of 2022). The insight is to develop an open source inference engine, with metarules, introspection, and reflection. A major trait is metaprogramming: generating code (probably in C, later perhaps using GNU lightning) Inspiration is from Jacques Pitrat's books.
Persistent homology of the cosmic web. I: Hierarchical topology in $Λ$CDM cosmologies
Creators: name: Wilding, Georg
name: Nevenzeel, Keimpe
name: van de Weygaert, Rien
name: Vegter, Gert
name: Pranav, Pratyush
name: Jones, Bernard J. T.
name: Efstathiou, Konstantinos
name: Feldbrugge, Job
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using a set of $Λ$CDM simulations of cosmic structure formation, we study the evolving connectivity and changing topological structure of the cosmic web using state-of-the-art tools of multiscale topological data analysis (TDA). We follow the development of the cosmic web topology in terms of the evolution of Betti number curves and feature persistence diagrams of the three (topological) classes of structural features: matter concentrations, filaments and tunnels, and voids. The Betti curves specify the prominence of features as a function of density level, and their evolution with cosmic epoch reflects the changing network connections between these structural features. The persistence diagrams quantify the longevity and stability of topological features. In this study we establish, for the first time, the link between persistence diagrams, the features they show, and the gravitationally driven cosmic structure formation process. By following the diagrams' development over cosmic time, the link between the multiscale topology of the cosmic web and the hierarchical buildup of cosmic structure is established. The sharp apexes in the diagrams are intimately related to key transitions in the structure formation process. The apex in the matter concentration diagrams coincides with the density level at which, typically, they detach from the Hubble expansion and begin to collapse. At that level many individual islands merge to form the network of the cosmic web and a large number of filaments and tunnels emerge to establish its connecting bridges. The location trends of the apex possess a self-similar character that can be related to the cosmic web's hierarchical buildup. We find that persistence diagrams provide a significantly higher and more profound level of information on the structure formation process than more global summary statistics like Euler characteristic or Betti numbers.
description: 23 pages, 14 figures, 1 table. Revised and shortened version, submitted to MNRAS
Analysis of Traffic Loads on Bridges
Creators: name: Lynch, Robert L.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 1968
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: This report contains information concerning:      The statistical determination of frequencies of critical axle loadings on highway bridges and     The adaptability and adaptability of historical loadometer and classification data in Kentucky to the recently adopted AASHO design criteria for evaluating the fatigue history of existing bridges.  The analysis of the fatigue history of a bridge consists of evaluating the distribution of instantaneous axle loadings over the applicable period. Because of the urgency, only historical records currently available were used as source data. This report is therefore divided into two sections: 1) a summary of quantitative results based on available data, and 2) recommendations for future studies. The purposes of the first part of this report are:      To delineate a methodology for statistically predicting the distribution of vehicle loadings with respect to, time and     To develop the history of critical loadings, based on existing traffic data, for each of the twenty-one highway bridges crossing the Ohio River from Kentucky.  The purposes of the second part of the report are:      To describe the types of information required in these analyses and to propose data collection procedures which will provide source data for future analysis and     To recommend further study of certain design criteria.
GLOBAL MARKET STRATEGY IN THE CONFECTIONERY INDUSTRY: THE CASE OF HERSHEY FOODS CORPORATION
Creators: name: Zhang, Chun
name: Zhang, Chun
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: Agribusiness
International Relations/Trade

description: This study uses Hershey Foods Corporation as a case to demonstrate how to formulate global product strategy to penetrate growing international markets. In recent years, confectionery markets have been growing around the world. Hershey Foods Corporation, the North American confectionery leader, however, has been experiencing some setbacks in international expansion. This study uses the global strategy framework (Yip, 1992) to analyze the strategic position and resources of Hershey Foods Corporation, and to diagnose confectionery industry globalization potential. The focus of the study is the formulation of global product strategies for Hershey's future expansion into strategically important markets. Benefits and costs of a global product strategy and the organizational ability of Hershey Foods Corporation to implement a global product strategy are also evaluated.
Kamimuria digyracantha Du & Sun, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Sun, Hai-Tao
name: Du, Yu-Zhou
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Plecoptera
Perlidae
Kamimuria
Kamimuria digyracantha

description: Kamimuria digyracantha Du & Sun, sp. nov.
Figures 8–11
 Type material. Holotype, male, China: Henan province, Xinyang city, Jigong Mt., 12 July 1997, 550 m, Leg. Wang Bei-Xin. Paratypes, 4 males, same data as holotype.
 Diagnosis. This species is characterized by an aedeagal sac with two narrow bands of spines that encircle the dorsolateral surface.
 Description. Adult habitus (Fig. 8). General color yellow patterned with yellow-brown. Head almost entirely yellow but with a yellow-brown interocellar triangle open posteriorly; antennal base brown, pedicel and flagellum dark brown. Pronotum pale yellow-brown with scatterred obscure pale rugosities (Fig. 9). Wings membrane pale, veins brown. Legs pale yellow-brown with narrow, dark band at apex of femora.
 Male. Forewing length 15 mm. Presternum of metathorax with a small patch of hairs. Hemitergal lobes round, finger shaped and without sensilla basiconica at apex. Tergum 9 with a median large patch of sensilla basiconica; tergum 8 with a smaller patch of sensilla basiconica in mesal field (Fig. 10). Hair brushes present on sterna 4–7. Remnant of epiproct consisting of a pair of sclerites and a median, membranous, hairy swelling. Aedeagal sac with two bands of spines that encircle dorsolateral surface; the distal band forming a convergent angle toward the basal band; distal lobe of sac naked (Fig.11).
 Female. Unknown.
 Etymology. The name refers to aedeagal sac with two bands of small triangular spines encircling the ventrolateral surface. Latin “ di, - gyracantha ” means “two, band of spines”.
 Remarks. This new species is similar to K. cheni Wu in the shape of the hemitergal lobes, but differs significantly both in aedeagal features, the latter species aedeagal sac expanded apically into a globose stucture, and new species aedeagal sac with a distal, naked lobe.
description: Published as part of Sun, Hai-Tao & Du, Yu-Zhou, 2012, Two new species of the genus Kamimuria (Plecoptera: Perlidae) from China, with redescription of Kamimuria cheni Wu and Kamimuria Chungnanshana Wu, pp. 61-68 in Zootaxa 3455 on page 65, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.210213