cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Centric diatom diversity in the lower part of the Southern Bug river (Ukraine): the transitional zone at Mykolaiv city
Creators: name: Bilous, Olena P.
name: Genkal, Sergey I.
name: Zimmermann, Jonas
name: Kusber, Wolf-Henning
name: Jahn, Regine
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Centric diatoms
subject: diversity
subject: Dnipro-Bug Estuary
subject: ecology
subject: phytobenthos
subject: Southern Bug River
subject: transitional zone
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::580 Pflanzen (Botanik)::580 Pflanzen (Botanik)

description: The diversity of centric diatoms is documented for the transitional zone of the lower part of the Southern Bug River (Ukraine) just before entering the Dnipro-Bug Estuary and compared to earlier results from the upstream sampling sites of the same river system. Benthic samples of the following sites were investigated: north of Mykolaiv City (approximately 5 km), in Mykolaiv City (near Varvarivskyi Bridge), and 5 km south of the city. Twenty-four centric diatom taxa belonging to 11 genera were identified, analysed, and documented by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and light microscopy (LM). Among them, Aulacoseira nivalis is the first report for Ukraine, A. islandica and is the first confirmed record for the studied area since the 1930s. The maximum number of centric diatom taxa found in one station was 21, the minimum 10. Melosira subglobosa was the most common (documented in 57–80% of sites with centric diatoms) and abundant species 7.3–15.7% in relative abundance to all diatom taxa. The discovered diversity of taxa and its comparison with previous results is discussed with regard to the relevance of estuary zones in the research of diatoms.
IN01054 - Halsi Grant of Ravivarman, Year 11
Creators: name: Balogh, Dániel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: [caption id="attachment_5874" align="alignnone" width="192"] Cakratīrtha, Halsi, Karnataka. Copper plate charter of Ravivarman, inked impression.[/caption]
title: Horizontal Federalism, Mutual Recognition and the Balance Between Harmonization, Home State Control and Host State Autonomy
Creators: name: van Den Brink, Ton
Publisher: name: European Papers (www.europeanpapers.eu)
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: mutual recognition
subject: horizontal federalism
subject: full faith and credit
subject: State autonomy
subject: Area of Freedom, Security and Justice
subject: internal market

description: European Papers - A Journal on Law and Integration, 2016 1(3), 921-941
description: I. Introduction. - II. Horizontal federalism in the US. - II.1. Full faith and credit. - II.2. Extradition. - II.3. Interstate commerce. - II.4. Interstate compacts. - III. Horizontal federalism in the EU: mutual recognition. - III.1. Constitutional principle by accident? - III.2. Apogee and after. - III.3. Mutual recognition, harmonization and national autonomy. A decision making triangle. - IV. Conclusions.
description: The - vertical - relation between the central level and sub-central levels of government is a key issue in federal-type systems, including the EU. A question which usually attracts much less attention is how the - horizontal - relations between the sub-central levels are shaped. In this contribution, the legal arrangements in the US and EU legal orders to shape the horizontal relations between the (Member) States ("horizontal federalism") will be analysed and compared. Whereas the US legal system contains a variety of arrangements, the EU relies rather exclusively on the principle of mutual recognition. The central question is how legal arrangements of horizontal federalism balance harmonization (or control by the central/federal level), recognition and acceptance of foreign rules and (host) State autonomy. From the perspective of the host (Member) State, the question is thus to what extent it may apply its own rules (host State autonomy) or whether it must comply with central rules (harmonization) and foreign rules (from other States). This article examines how this balance is struck in different policy fields, what mechanisms are applied (especially in the US context) and which factors determine the choice for a particular balance.
Vorticity and entropy production in tilted Szekeres spacetimes
Creators: name: Herrera, L.
name: Di Prisco, A.
name: Ibañez, J.
name: Carot, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the properties of the tilted Szekeres spacetime, i.e. the version of such spacetime as seen by a congruence of observers with respect to which the fluid is moving. The imperfect fluid and the kinematical variables associated to the four-velocity of the fluid assigned by tilted observers are studied in detail. As it happens for the case of the Lemaitre--Tolman--Bondi spacetime, the fluid evolves nonreversibly (with nonvanishing entropy production) and is nongeodesic. However unlike that later case, the tilted observer detects vorticity in the congruence of the fluid world lines. Also, as for the nontilted congruence the magnetic part of the Weyl tensor vanishes, reinforcing the nonradiative character of this kind of spacetime. Possible physical implications of these results are discussed.
description: 8 Revtex pages. Published in Phys. Rev. D. Some typos corrected
Elucidation of the reaction mechanism for the synthesis of ZnGeN2 through Zn2GeO4 ammonolysis
Creators: name: Wang, Zhenyu
name: Fritsch, Daniel
name: Berendts, Stefan
name: Lerch, Martin
name: Breternitz, Joachim
name: Schorr, Susan
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: reaction mechanism
subject: synthesis
subject: ammonolysis
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften

description: Ternary II–IV–N2 materials have been considered as a promising class of materials that combine photovoltaic performance with earth-abundance and low toxicity. When switching from binary III–V materials to ternary II–IV–N2 materials, further structural complexity is added to the system that may influence its optoelectronic properties. Herein, we present a systematic study of the reaction of Zn2GeO4 with NH3 that produces zinc germanium oxide nitrides, and ultimately approach stoichiometric ZnGeN2, using a combination of chemical analyses, X-ray powder diffraction and DFT calculations. Elucidating the reaction mechanism as being dominated by Zn and O extrusion at the later reaction stages, we give an insight into studying structure–property relationships in this emerging class of materials.
Higgs-Dilaton cosmology: Are there extra relativistic species?
Creators: name: Garcia-Bellido, Juan
name: Rubio, Javier
name: Shaposhnikov, Mikhail
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent analyses of cosmological data suggest the presence of an extra relativistic component beyond the Standard Model content. The Higgs-Dilaton cosmological model predicts the existence of a massless particle -the dilaton- associated with the spontaneous symmetry breaking of scale invariance and undetectable by any accelerator experiment. Its ultrarelativistic character makes it a suitable candidate for contributing to the effective number of light degrees of freedom in the Universe. In this Letter we analyze the dilaton production at the (p)reheating stage right after inflation and conclude that no extra relativistic degrees of freedom beyond those already present in the Standard Model are expected within the simplest Higgs-Dilaton scenario. The elusive dilaton remains thus essentially undetectable by any particle physics experiment or cosmological observation.
description: 7 pages, 1 figure, corrected typos; added references
Global data on earthworm abundance, biomass, diversity and corresponding environmental properties
Creators: name: Phillips, Helen R. P.
name: Bach, Elizabeth M.
name: Bartz, Marie L. C.
name: Bennett, Joanne M.
name: Beugnon, Remy
name: Briones, Maria J. I.
name: Brown, George G.
name: Ferlian, Olga
name: Rillig, Matthias C.
name: Lammel, Daniel R.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biodiversity
subject: Biogeography
subject: Community ecology
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: Earthworms are an important soil taxon as ecosystem engineers, providing a variety of crucial ecosystem functions and services. Little is known about their diversity and distribution at large spatial scales, despite the availability of considerable amounts of local-scale data. Earthworm diversity data, obtained from the primary literature or provided directly by authors, were collated with information on site locations, including coordinates, habitat cover, and soil properties. Datasets were required, at a minimum, to include abundance or biomass of earthworms at a site. Where possible, site-level species lists were included, as well as the abundance and biomass of individual species and ecological groups. This global dataset contains 10,840 sites, with 184 species, from 60 countries and all continents except Antarctica. The data were obtained from 182 published articles, published between 1973 and 2017, and 17 unpublished datasets. Amalgamating data into a single global database will assist researchers in investigating and answering a wide variety of pressing questions, for example, jointly assessing aboveground and belowground biodiversity distributions and drivers of biodiversity change.
Magnetically and Baryonically Dominated Photospheric Gamma-Ray Burst Model Fits to Fermi LAT Observations
Creators: name: Veres, Péter
name: Zhang, Bin-Bin
name: Mészáros, Péter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider gamma-ray burst models where the radiation is dominated by a photospheric region providing the MeV Band spectrum, and an external shock region responsible for the GeV radiation via inverse Compton scattering. We parametrize the initial dynamics through an acceleration law Gamma \propto r^μ, with μbetween 1/3 and 1 to represent the range between an extreme magnetically dominated and a baryonically dominated regime. We compare these models to several bright Fermi LAT bursts, and show that both the time integrated and the time resolved spectra, where available, can be well described by these models. We discuss the parameters which result from these fits, and discuss the relative merits and shortcomings of the two models.
description: 8 pages, 14 figures, corrected version, accepted by ApJ
Magnetization Degree of Gamma-Ray Burst Fireballs: Numerical Study
Creators: name: Harrison, Richard
name: Kobayashi, Shiho
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The relative strength between forward and reverse shock emission in early gamma-ray burst afterglow reflects that of magnetic energy densities in the two shock regions. We numerically show that with the current standard treatment, the fireball magnetization is underestimated by up to two orders of magnitude. This discrepancy is especially large in the sub-relativistic reverse shock regime (i.e. the thin shell and intermediate regime) where most optical flashes were detected. We provide new analytic estimates of the reverse shock emission based on a better shock approximation, which well describe numerical results in the intermediate regime. We show that the reverse shock temperature at the onset of afterglow is constant, $(\barΓ_d-1)\sim 8\times10^{-2}$, when the dimensionless parameter $ξ_{0}$ is more than several. Our approach is applied to case studies of GRB 990123 and 090102, and we find that magnetic fields in the fireballs are even stronger than previously believed.
description: 22 pages, 5 figures, accepted to ApJ
Application concepts for ultrafast laser-induced skyrmion creation and annihilation
Creators: name: Gerlinger, Kathinka
name: Pfau, Bastian
name: Büttner, Felix
name: Schneider, Michael
name: Kern, Lisa-Marie
name: Fuchs, Josefin
name: Engel, Dieter
name: Günther, Christian M.
name: Huang, Mantao
name: Strüber, Christian
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Topological phases
subject: Nanotechnology
subject: FOS: Nanotechnology
subject: Magnetic devices
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::530 Physik

description: Magnetic skyrmions can be created and annihilated in ferromagnetic multilayers using single femtosecond infrared laser pulses above a material-dependent fluence threshold. From the perspective of applications, optical control of skyrmions offers a route to a faster and, potentially, more energy-efficient new class of information-technology devices. Here, we investigate laser-induced skyrmion generation in two different materials, mapping out the dependence of the process on the applied field and the laser fluence. We observe that sample properties like strength of the Dzyaloshinskii–Moriya interaction and pinning do not considerably influence the initial step of optical creation. In contrast, the number of skyrmions created can be directly and robustly controlled via the applied field and the laser fluence. Based on our findings, we propose concepts for applications, such as all-optical writing and deletion, an ultrafast skyrmion reshuffling device for probabilistic computing, and a combined optical and spin–orbit torque-controlled racetrack.
Thamnophilidae
Creators: name: Iorio, Osvaldo Di
name: Turienzo, Paola
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Passeriformes
Thamnophilidae

description: THAMNOPHILIDAE   Taraba major (Vieillot, 1816)
HEMIPTERA
 Reduviidae: Triatominae
 Triatoma infestans [dark morph]
 PARAGUAY: Department Presidente Hayes: Colony 10 Leguas, 22º 53’ 28,10’’ S, 59º 52’ 19,74’’ W, 14-VII- 2010, 1 male in a nest in fallen palo santo tree [1952 m distance from community] (Rolón et al. 2011).
description: Published as part of Iorio, Osvaldo Di & Turienzo, Paola, 2012, Addenda to the insects found in birds' nests from the Neotropical Region and Neotropical immigrants in the Nearctic Region, with a discussion of the probable transmission mechanism of Ornithocoris toledoi (Hemiptera: Cimicidae), pp. 1-17 in Zootaxa 3349 on page 7, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.211000
Space Mission - Learning Astrophysics Through Mobile Gaming
Creators: name: Massimino, Pietro
name: Costa, Alessandro
name: Becciani, Ugo
name: Krokos, Mel
name: Bandieramonte, Marilena
name: Petta, Catia
name: Riggi, Simone
name: Sciacca, Eva
name: Vitello, Fabio
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: astronomy, mobile, iOS, astrophysics, cosmos, game

description: SpaceMission is a mobile application (iOS) offering hands-on experience of astrophysical concepts using scientific simulations. The application exploits VisIVO, a suite of software tools for visual discovery and exploration of large-scale astrophysical datasets
Witnessing non-classicality of a quantum oscillator state by coupling it to a qubit
Creators: name: Agarwal, S.
name: Eberly, J. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a new witness operation for the non-classical character of a harmonic oscillator state. The method does not require state reconstruction. For all harmonic oscillator states that are classical, a bound is established for the evolution of a qubit which is coupled to the oscillator. Any violation of the bound can be rigorously attributed to the non-classical character of the initial oscillator state.
description: Figures have been updated and some new references are added
Shape evolution and the role of intruder configurations in Hg isotopes within the interacting boson model based on a Gogny energy density functional
Creators: name: Nomura, K.
name: Rodriguez-Guzman, R.
name: Robledo, L. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The interacting boson model with configuration mixing, with parameters derived from the self-consistent mean-field calculation employing the microscopic Gogny energy density functional, is applied to the systematic analysis of the low-lying structure in Hg isotopes. Excitation energies, electromagnetic transition rates, deformation properties, and ground-state properties of the $^{172-204}$Hg nuclei are obtained by mapping the microscopic deformation energy surface onto the equivalent IBM Hamiltonian in the boson condensate. These results point to the overall systematic trend of the transition from the near spherical vibrational state in lower-mass Hg nuclei close to $^{172}$Hg, onset of intruder prolate configuration as well as the manifest prolate-oblate shape coexistence around the mid-shell nucleus $^{184}$Hg, weakly oblate deformed structure beyond $^{190}$Hg up to the spherical vibrational structure toward the near semi-magic nucleus $^{204}$Hg, as observed experimentally. The quality of the present method in the description of the complex shape dynamics in Hg isotopes is examined.
description: 19 pages, 14 figures, revised version including new results and discussions, title changed, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. C
How to publish a new fungal species, or name, version 3.0
Creators: name: Aime, M. Catherine
name: Miller, Andrew N.
name: Aoki, Takayuki
name: Bensch, Konstanze
name: Cai, Lei
name: Crous, Pedro W.
name: Hawksworth, David L.
name: Hyde, Kevin D.
name: Kirk, Paul M.
name: Lücking, Robert
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Data repositories
subject: Dual nomenclature
subject: FAIR principles
subject: Legitimate publication
subject: New combinations
subject: Taxonomic best practices
subject: Typification
subject: Valid publication
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::579 Mikroorganismen, Pilze, Algen

description: It is now a decade since The International Commission on the Taxonomy of Fungi (ICTF) produced an overview of requirements and best practices for describing a new fungal species. In the meantime the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (ICNafp) has changed from its former name (the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature) and introduced new formal requirements for valid publication of species scientific names, including the separation of provisions specific to Fungi and organisms treated as fungi in a new Chapter F. Equally transformative have been changes in the data collection, data dissemination, and analytical tools available to mycologists. This paper provides an updated and expanded discussion of current publication requirements along with best practices for the description of new fungal species and publication of new names and for improving accessibility of their associated metadata that have developed over the last 10 years. Additionally, we provide: (1) model papers for different fungal groups and circumstances; (2) a checklist to simplify meeting (i) the requirements of the ICNafp to ensure the effective, valid and legitimate publication of names of new taxa, and (ii) minimally accepted standards for description; and, (3) templates for preparing standardized species descriptions.
Nonlinear field theories during homogeneous spatial dilation
Creators: name: Escudero, Carlos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effect of a uniform dilation of space on stochastically driven nonlinear field theories is examined. This theoretical question serves as a model problem for examining the properties of nonlinear field theories embedded in expanding Euclidean Friedmann-Lema\^ıtre-Robertson-Walker metrics in the context of cosmology, as well as different systems in the disciplines of statistical mechanics and condensed matter physics. Field theories are characterized by the speed at which they propagate correlations within themselves. We show that for linear field theories correlations stop propagating if and only if the speed at which the space dilates is higher than the speed at which correlations propagate. The situation is in general different for nonlinear field theories. In this case correlations might stop propagating even if the velocity at which space dilates is lower than the velocity at which correlations propagate. In particular, these results imply that it is not possible to characterize the dynamics of a nonlinear field theory during homogeneous spatial dilation {\it a priori}. We illustrate our findings with the nonlinear Kardar-Parisi-Zhang equation.
Spinor coupling to the weak Poincare gauge theory of gravity in three dimensions
Creators: name: Sert, Özcan
name: Adak, Muzaffer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Minimal coupling of a Dirac field to gravity with the most general non-propagating torsion is considered in (1+2)-dimensions. The field equations are obtained from a lagrangian by a variational principle. The space-time torsion is calculated algebraically in terms of a quadratic spinor condensate plus coupling coefficients. Firstly we give circularly symmetric rotating exact solutions that collapse to $AdS_3$ geometry in the absence of the Dirac condensate. Secondly we investigate a BTZ-like solution.
description: We added a new subsection, corrected syntax errors, extended dicussion. To be published in Phys. Rev. D
Odd- J Pairing in Nuclei
Creators: name: Zamick, L.
name: Escuderos, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We point out a simplicity that arises when we use an interaction in which only an energy with odd J is non-zero. The emphasis is on J= J_{max} and in particular J=9+ in the g_{9/2} shell. It is noted that high overlaps can be deceptive. In many cases a single set of U9-j coefficients gives either an exact or a very good approximation to the wave function of a yrast state.
Introduction To Open Data
Creators: name: OpenUCT
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: open data
introduction
overview
government data
governance
Africa
South Africa
higher education
Centre for Higher Education Transformation
CHET
DHET
HEMIS
higher education management information system

description: Presentation made by invitation to African higher education grantees of the Carnegie Corporation of New York including Trust Africa, CODESRIA, Centre for Higher Education Transformation and representatives of universities and tertiary education councils. Nairobi, May 2013.
A systematic approach and software for the analysis of point patterns on river networks
Creators: name: Schwanghart, Wolfgang
name: Molkenthin, Christian
name: Scherler, Dirk
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: beaver dams
subject: fluvial geomorphology
subject: knickpoints
subject: point pattern analysis
subject: point processes
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::550 Geowissenschaften, Geologie::550 Geowissenschaften

description: Many geomorphic phenomena such as bank failures, landslide dams, riffle-pool sequences and knickpoints can be modelled as spatial point processes. However, as the locations of these phenomena are constrained to lie on or alongside rivers, their analysis must account for the geometry and topology of river networks. Here, we introduce a new numeric class in TopoToolbox called Point Pattern on Stream networks (PPS), which supports exploratory analysis, statistical modelling, simulation and visualization of point processes. We present three case studies that aim at inferring processes and factors that control the spatial density of geomorphic phenomena along river networks: analysis of a synthetic dataset of points on a stream network, the analysis of knickpoints in river profiles, and modelling spatial locations of beaver dams based on topographic metrics. The case studies rely on exploratory analysis and statistical inference using inhomogeneous Poisson point processes. Thereby, statistical and probabilistic procedures implemented in PPS provide a systematic approach for treating and quantifying uncertainties. PPS offers a consistent numeric framework for modelling point processes on river networks with a wide range of applications in fluvial geomorphology, but also other disciplines such as ecology.
MPEC 2023-W98 : 2023 WG2
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 WG2

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Six transiting planets and a chain of Laplace resonances in TOI-178
Creators: name: Leleu, A.
name: Alibert, Y.
name: Hara, N. C.
name: Hooton, M. J.
name: Wilson, T. G.
name: Robutel, P.
name: Delisle, J.-B.
name: Laskar, J.
name: Hoyer, S.
name: Rauer, Heike
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: photometric techniques
subject: spectroscopic techniques
subject: celestial mechanics
subject: planets and satellites detection
subject: planets and satellites dynamical evolution and stability
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::520 Astronomie::520 Astronomie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften

description: Determining the architecture of multi-planetary systems is one of the cornerstones of understanding planet formation and evolution. Resonant systems are especially important as the fragility of their orbital configuration ensures that no significant scattering or collisional event has taken place since the earliest formation phase when the parent protoplanetary disc was still present. In this context, TOI-178 has been the subject of particular attention since the first TESS observations hinted at the possible presence of a near 2:3:3 resonant chain. Here we report the results of observations from CHEOPS, ESPRESSO, NGTS, and SPECULOOS with the aim of deciphering the peculiar orbital architecture of the system. We show that TOI-178 harbours at least six planets in the super-Earth to mini-Neptune regimes, with radii ranging from 1.152−0.070+0.073 to 2.87−0.13+0.14 Earth radii and periods of 1.91, 3.24, 6.56, 9.96, 15.23, and 20.71 days. All planets but the innermost one form a 2:4:6:9:12 chain of Laplace resonances, and the planetary densities show important variations from planet to planet, jumping from 1.02−0.23+0.28 to 0.177−0.061+0.055 times the Earth’s density between planets c and d. Using Bayesian interior structure retrieval models, we show that the amount of gas in the planets does not vary in a monotonous way, contrary to what one would expect from simple formation and evolution models and unlike other known systems in a chain of Laplace resonances. The brightness of TOI-178 (H = 8.76 mag, J = 9.37 mag, V = 11.95 mag) allows for a precise characterisation of its orbital architecture as well as of the physical nature of the six presently known transiting planets it harbours. The peculiar orbital configuration and the diversity in average density among the planets in the system will enable the study of interior planetary structures and atmospheric evolution, providing important clues on the formation of super-Earths and mini-Neptunes.
Definitions Of Open Data
Creators: name: Van Schalkwyk, Francois
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: open data
definition

description: Tabular representation of three open data evaluation frameworks: (1) ODDC Open Data Ten-Point Evaluation, (2) Eight Principles of Open Government Data, (3) McKinsey (2013)
description: Table also tracks principle associated lens for gauging impact (governance, transparency, etc.) and context in which data is used (developing countries, multiple domains at national level, etc.). Presented at ODDC Open Session at ICT4D 2013, Cape Town.
Tunable coupling to a mechanical oscillator circuit using a coherent feedback network
Creators: name: Kerckhoff, Joseph
name: Andrews, Reed W.
name: Ku, H. S.
name: Kindel, William F.
name: Cicak, Katarina
name: Simmonds, Raymond W.
name: Lehnert, K. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate a fully cryogenic microwave feedback network composed of modular superconducting devices connected by transmission lines and designed to control a mechanical oscillator coupled to one of the devices. The network features an electromechanical device and a tunable controller that coherently receives, processes and feeds back continuous microwave signals that modify the dynamics and readout of the mechanical state. While previous electromechanical systems represent some compromise between efficient control and efficient readout of the mechanical state, as set by the electromagnetic decay rate, the tunable controller produces a closed-loop network that can be dynamically and continuously tuned between both extremes much faster than the mechanical response time. We demonstrate that the microwave decay rate may be modulated by at least a factor of 10 at a rate greater than $10^4$ times the mechanical response rate. The system is easy to build and suggests that some useful functions may arise most naturally at the network-level of modular, quantum electromagnetic devices.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures, final published version
Force-clamp experiments reveal the free energy profile and diffusion coefficient of the collapse of proteins
Creators: name: Lannon, Herbert
name: Vanden-Eijnden, Eric
name: Brujic, Jasna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We present force-clamp data on the collapse of ubiquitin polyproteins in response to a quench in the force. These nonequilibrium trajectories are analyzed using a general method based on a diffusive assumption of the end-to-end length to reconstruct a downhill free energy profile at 5pN and an energy plateau at 10pN with a slow diffusion coefficient on the order of~100nm^2/s. The shape of the free energy and its linear scaling with the protein length give validity to a physical model for the collapse. However, the length independent diffusion coefficient suggests that internal rather than viscous friction dominates and thermal noise is needed to capture the variability in the measured times to collapse.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures
Ecosystem services of rattan agroforestry in Tumbang Runen village, Central Kalimantan, Indonesia
Creators: name: AFENTINA AFENTINA
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 50202 Conservation and Biodiversity
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: My study contributes to understanding the role of traditional land use systems in supporting livelihoods, maintaining biodiversity, and avoiding environmental degradation. The study identifies and examines ecosystem services associated with rattan agroforestry systems including, regulating, cultural, and provisioning services in Tumbang Runen village, Indonesia. My study shows that rattan agroforestry generates regulating services such as habitat provision, climate regulation, and soil erosion prevention. Rattan agroforestry is culturally important for forest-dependent communities in Indonesia and provides products for subsistence and commercial needs. The capacity of rattan agroforestry to maintain ecosystem services is contrasted with continuing destructive forestry practices in Indonesia.
Catalysing water saving behaviours in Australian urban households
Creators: name: KNEEBONE, SARAH CAROLINE
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 90509 Water Resources Engineering
subject: FOS: Civil engineering
subject: Applied Psychology
subject: 60201 Behavioural Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Water demand management is a critical and complex issue globally and for Australia. Engaging householders to change their water consumption behaviours forms an important part of the solution. The spillover effect is proposed to accelerate such change by leveraging or catalysing additional behaviour adoption from new or existing practices. This thesis describes how household water saving behaviours can be mapped and prioritised, using householder perceptions of behavioural similarity to identify these potentially catalytic behaviours. Water managers can apply the findings to help select behaviours for demand management programs. Spillover researchers can use the catalytic behaviours to further explore spillover’s potential.
Green Adaptation for Ecosystem Services Management in Dhaka: A Socio-economic Evaluation
Creators: name: NAEEMA JIHAN ZINIA
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 50205 Environmental Management
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 50102 Ecosystem Function
subject: 120507 Urban Analysis and Development
subject: FOS: Social and economic geography

description: My interdisciplinary research centered on Dhaka, the capital of Bangladesh: among the most climate exposed cities and countries on Earth. My study addressed urban ecosystems, ecosystem services, valuation, ecosystem governance, and green adaptation. I produced an inventory of goods/services generated by vegetation and waterbodies that support life systems. Importantly, ecosystem services management (green adaptation) in urban settings can help mitigate extreme heat events. I assessed social and economic feasibility of green adaptation. This is the first in-depth analysis of sustainable urban environmental management in Dhaka. Such continuing research would be valuable for other cities similarly exposed to climate change and urban population growth.
Clustering of Ions at Atomic Dimensions in Quantum Plasmas
Creators: name: Shukla, P. K.
name: Eliasson, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By means of particle simulations of the equations of motion for ions interacting among themselves under the influence of newly discovered Shukla-Eliasson attractive force (SEAF) in a dense quantum plasma, we demonstrate that the SEAF can bring ions closer at atomic dimensions. We present simulation results of the dynamics of an ensemble of ions in the presence of the SEAF without and with confining external potentials and collisions between the ions and degenerate electrons. Our particle simulations reveal that under the SEAF, ions attract each other, come closer and form ionic clusters in the bath of degenerate electrons that shield the ions. Furthermore, an external confining potential produces robust ion clusters that can have cigar-like and ball-like shapes, which remain stable when the confining potential is removed. The stability of ion clusters is discussed. Our results may have applications to solid density plasmas (density exceeding $10^{23}$ per cubic centimeters), where the electrons will be degenerate and quantum forces due to the electron recoil effect caused by the overlapping of electron wave functions and electron tunneling through the Bohm potential, electron-exchange and electron-exchange and electron correlations associated with electron-1/2 spin effect, and the quantum statistical pressure of the degenerate electrons play a decisive role.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures. To appear in Journal of Plasma Physics
Symmetry relations in wurtzite nitrides and oxide nitrides and the curious case of Pmc2(1)
Creators: name: Breternitz, Joachim
name: Schorr, Susan
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: group–subgroup relationships
subject: nitride materials
subject: wurtzite type
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften

description: Binary III–V nitrides such as AlN, GaN and InN in the wurtzite-type structure have long been considered as potent semiconducting materials because of their optoelectronic properties, amongst others. With rising concerns over the utilization of scarce elements, a replacement of the trivalent cations by others in ternary and multinary nitrides has led to the development of different variants of nitrides and oxide nitrides crystallizing in lower-symmetry variants of wurtzite. This work presents the symmetry relationships between these structural types specific to nitrides and oxide nitrides and updates some prior work on this matter. The non-existence of compounds crystallizing in Pmc21, formally the highest subgroup of the wurtzite type fulfilling Pauling's rules for 1:1:2 stoichiometries, has been puzzling scientists for a while; a rationalization is given, from a crystallographic basis, of why this space group is unlikely to be adopted.
Strong-coupling diagnostics for multimode open systems
Creators: name: Kow, C.
name: Xiao, Z.
name: Metelmann, Anja
name: Kamal, A.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Open quantum systems & decoherence
subject: Quantum correlations in quantum information
subject: Quantum information with hybrid systems
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::530 Physik

description: Engineered quantum systems play a central role in quantum information processing. Typically, these systems are strongly coupled to their environments, which presents challenges and opportunities to harness controllable quantum effects in such systems. One of the outstanding challenges is to characterize the quantum correlations that develop in such out-of-equilibrium quantum systems. Here we present a method that utilizes low-dimensional projections of eigenvectors to distinguish different types of correlations in an N-mode open system. The proposed method presents a nontrivial extension of eigenvalue-based analysis employed for such systems; specifically, it not only diagnoses crossovers between weak and strong coupling regimes (also known as “exceptional points”) but also can identify the physical systems of interest spanning the correlated subspaces in different regions of the multimode strong-coupling regime. As a demonstration of this feature, we apply our method to study hybridization physics in a three-mode optomechanical system and determine the parameter regime for efficient sideband cooling of the system in the presence of reservoir correlations.
Biocatalytic Nanomaterials: A New Pathway for Bacterial Disinfection
Creators: name: Fan, Xin
name: Yang, Fan
name: Nie, Chuanxiong
name: Ma, Lang
name: Cheng, Chong
name: Haag, Rainer
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: antibacterial therapies
subject: biocatalytic nanomaterials
subject: metal-organic frameworks
subject: nanomedicines and biomedical applications
subject: reactive oxygen species
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften

description: Clinical treatment of pathogenic infection has emerged as a growing challenge in global public health. Such treatment is currently limited to antibiotics, but abuse of antibiotics have induced multidrug resistance and high fatality rates in anti-infection therapies. Thus, it is vital to develop alternative bactericidal agents to open novel disinfection pathways. Drawing inspiration from elements of the human immune system that show great potential for controlling pathogens or regulating cell apoptosis, the design of biocatalytic nanomaterials (BCNs) have provided unrivaled opportunities for future antibacterial therapies. More significantly, BCNs exhibit various superior properties to immune cells and natural enzymes, such as higher biocatalytic performance, extraordinary stability against harsh conditions, and scalable production. In this review, the most recent efforts toward developing BCN-based biomedical applications in combating bacterial infections are focused upon. BCNs’ antibacterial mechanisms, the classification of BCNs, antibacterial activities that can be triggered or augmented by energy conversion, and the eradication of biofilms with BCNs are systematically introduced and discussed. The current challenges and prospects of BCNs for biocatalytic disinfection are also summarized. It is anticipated this review will provide new therapeutic insights into combating bacteria and biofilms and offer significant new inspiration for designing future biocatalytic nanomaterials.
Precision studies of the Higgs boson decay channel H -> ZZ -> 4l with MEKD
Creators: name: Avery, Paul
name: Bourilkov, Dimitri
name: Chen, Mingshui
name: Cheng, Tongguang
name: Drozdetskiy, Alexey
name: Gainer, James S.
name: Korytov, Andrey
name: Matchev, Konstantin T.
name: Milenovic, Predrag
name: Mitselmakher, Guenakh
name: Park, Myeonghun
name: Rinkevicius, Aurelijus
name: Snowball, Matthew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The importance of the H -> ZZ -> 4l "golden" channel was shown by its major role in the discovery, by the ATLAS and CMS collaborations, of a Higgs-like boson with mass near 125 GeV. We analyze the discrimination power of the matrix element method both for separating the signal from the irreducible ZZ background and for distinguishing various spin and parity hypotheses describing a signal in this channel. We show that the proper treatment of interference effects associated with permutations of identical leptons in the four electron and four muon final states plays an important role in achieving the best sensitivity in measuring the properties of the newly discovered boson. We provide a code, MEKD, that calculates kinematic discriminants based on the full leading order matrix elements and which will aid experimentalists and phenomenologists in their continuing studies of the H -> ZZ -> 4l channel.
description: Major revision: added new sections discussing spin/ parity determination and the importance of using the full matrix element for the same flavor final state (involving both pairings of the leptons). Also added new functionality, including the most general couplings of a spin-0 or spin-2 boson to gluons and Zs, to the publicly-available code, MEKD, presented in this paper. 43 pages, 15 figures
Hybrid fluid/kinetic modeling of Pluto's escaping atmosphere
Creators: name: Erwin, Justin T.
name: Tucker, O. J.
name: Johnson, Robert E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Predicting the rate of escape and thermal structure of Pluto's upper atmosphere in preparation for the New Horizons Spacecraft encounter in 2015 is important for planning and interpreting the expected measurements. Having a moderate Jeans parameter Pluto's atmosphere does not fit the classic definition of Jeans escape for light species escaping from the terrestrial planets, nor does it fit the hydrodynamic outflow from comets and certain exoplanets. It has been proposed for some time that Pluto lies in the region of slow hydrodynamic escape. Using a hybrid fluid/molecular-kinetic model, we previously demonstrated the typical implementation of this model fails to correctly describe the appropriate temperature structure for the upper atmosphere for solar minimum conditions. Here we use a time-dependent solver to allow us to extend those simulations to higher heating rates and we examine fluid models in which Jeans-like escape expressions are used for the upper boundary conditions. We compare these to hybrid simulations of the atmosphere under heating conditions roughly representative of solar minimum and mean conditions as these bracket conditions expected during the New Horizon encounter. Although we find escape rates comparable to those previously estimated by the slow hydrodynamic escape model, and roughly consistent with energy limited escape, our model produces a much more extended atmosphere with higher temperatures roughly consistent with recent observations of CO. Such an extended atmosphere will be affected by Charon and will affect Pluto's interaction with the solar wind at the New Horizon encounter. Since we have previously shown that such models can be scaled, these results have implications for modeling exoplanet atmospheres for which the energy limited escape approximation is often used.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures
The Role of fast magnetosonic waves in the release and conversion via reconnection of energy stored by a current sheet
Creators: name: Longcope, Dana
name: Tarr, Lucas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using a simple two-dimensional, zero-beta model, we explore the manner by which reconnection at a current sheet releases and dissipates free magnetic energy. We find that only a small fraction (3%-11% depending on current sheet size) of the energy is stored close enough to the current sheet to be dissipated abruptly by the reconnection process. The remaining energy, stored in the larger-scale field, is converted to kinetic energy in a fast magnetosonic disturbance propagating away from the reconnection site, carrying the initial current and generating reconnection-associated flows (inflow and outflow). Some of this reflects from the lower boundary (the photosphere) and refracts back to the X-point reconnection site. Most of this inward wave energy is reflected back again, and continues to bounce between X-point and photosphere until it is gradually dissipated, over many transits. This phase of the energy dissipation process is thus global and lasts far longer than the initial purely local phase. In the process a significant fraction of the energy (25%-60%) remains as undissipated fast magnetosonic waves propagating away from the reconnection site, primarily upward. This flare-generated wave is initiated by unbalanced Lorentz forces in the reconnection-disrupted current sheet, rather than by dissipation-generated pressure, as some previous models have assumed. Depending on the orientation of the initial current sheet the wave front is either a rarefaction, with backward directed flow, or a compression, with forward directed flow.