Callimormus rades Zhang & Cong & Grishin 2023, new species
Creators: name: Zhang, Jing
name: Cong, Qian
name: Grishin, Nick V.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Hesperiidae
Callimormus
Callimormus rades

description: Callimormus rades Grishin, new species   
https://zoobank.org/ 6B68354B-2C44-4669-8A87-E093C704272A  
(Fig. 7 part, 181–182, 415–417)  
 Definition and diagnosis. Phylogenetic trees reveal that a specimen from Panama identified as Callimormus corades (C. Felder, 1862) (type locality in Brazil: Rio de Janeiro) shows prominent genetic differentiation from it (Fig. 7): e.g., their COI barcodes differ by 3% (20 bp) and, therefore, represents a new species, provided that we sequenced primary type specimens of taxa treated as synonyms of Callimormus corades and show that they are distinct from the new species (Fig. 7). This new species keys to C. corades (J.2.7) in Evans (1955) but differs from it by discal spot in ventral hindwing cell Sc+R 1 -RS slightly more offset basad, rounder discal spots on forewing, and generally more prominent yellow overscaling of veins on the ventral side, more evident as a yellow bar at the end of discocellular vein (Fig. 181–182). Due to the cryptic nature of this species, most reliable identification is achieved by DNA and a combination of the following base pairs is diagnostic in the nuclear genome: aly2041.16.10:C33T, aly159.20.1:C99G, aly814.17.1:G105A, aly4007.2.5:G48A, aly 1631.11.9:T43G, aly50.38.2:G177G (not C), aly686.17.2:G54G (not A), aly60.25.7:C69C (not A), aly26.25.5:C138C (not T), aly6847.3.5:C54C (not T), and COI barcode: T212C, 271A, C334T, T337A, T574C.   
 Barcode sequence of the holotype. Sample NVG-19016G06, GenBank OR837705, 658 base pairs: AACTTTATATTTTATTTTCGGAATTTGAGCAGGAATAATTGGTACTTCATTAAGTTTATTAATTCGTACAGAATTAGGTAATCCAGGTTCTTTAATT GGAGATGATCAAATTTATAATACCATTGTTACTGCTCATGCCTTTATTATAATTTTTTTTATAGTTATACCAATTATAATTGGAGGATTTGGTAATT GATTAGTTCCCTTAATACTAGGAGCTCCTGATATAGCTTTCCCACGAATAAATAATATAAGATTCTGAATACTTCCACCATCATTAACACTTTTAAT TTCAAGAAGAATTGTAGAAAATGGTGCAGGTACTGGTTGAACTGTATACCCCCCTCTTTCTTCTAATATTGCTCATCAAGGATCTTCAGTTGATTTA GCAATTTTTTCATTACATCTTGCAGGAATTTCTTCTATTTTAGGAGCTATTAATTTTATTACAACTATTATTAATATACGAATTAAAAATCTTTCTT TTGATCAAATACCTTTATTTGTATGATCAGTTGGTATTACAGCTTTACTTCTACTTTTATCTTTACCAGTTTTAGCTGGAGCTATTACCATACTTTT AACAGATCGTAATCTTAATACTTCATTTTTTGATCCTGCAGGAGGAGGAGACCCAATTCTTTATCAACATTTATTT   
 Type material. Holotype: ♀ deposited in the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, USA (USNM), illustrated in Fig. 181–182, bears the following five rectangular labels, four white: [Farfan, | Panama C. Z. | 17 Feb. ’63 | S. S. Nicolay], [Callimormus | corades | Felder | DET.BY S.S.NICOLAY], [DNA sample ID: | NVG-19016G06 | c/o Nick V. Grishin], [USNMENT | {QR Code} | 01532350], and one red [HOLOTYPE ♀ | Callimormus | rades Grishin].   
 Type locality. Panama: Panama Province, Farfan.   
 Etymology. The name is formed from its sister species name (C. corades). By shortening the name, we specify a more northern distribution of this species. The name is a noun in apposition.   
 Distribution. Currently known only from the holotype collected in Panama.
description: Published as part of Zhang, Jing, Cong, Qian & Grishin, Nick V., 2023, Supplementary Materials and Appendix, pp. 1-115 in Insecta Mundi 2023 (26) on pages 74-75, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10396362