cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
An alternative method to characterize first- and second-order phase transitions in surface reaction models
Creators: name: Fernandes, Henrique A.
name: da Silva, Roberto
name: Santos, Eder D.
name: Gomes, Paulo F.
name: Arashiro, Everaldo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we revisited the Ziff-Gulari-Barshad (ZGB) model to study its phase transitions and critical exponents through time-dependent Monte Carlo simulations. We used a method proposed recently to locate the non-equilibrium second-order phase transitions and that has been successfully used in systems with defined Hamiltonians and with absorbing states. This method, which is based on optimization of the coefficient of determination of the order parameter, was able to characterize the second-order phase transition of the model, as well as its upper spinodal point, a pseudo-critical point located near the first-order transition. The static critical exponents $β$, $ν_{\parallel }$, and $ν_{\perp }$, as well as the dynamic critical exponents $θ$ and $z$ for the second-order point were also estimated and are in excellent agreement with results found in literature.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures
Ozanimod: A Review in Ulcerative Colitis
Creators: name: Paik, Julia
Publisher: name: Adis Journals
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 110307 Gastroenterology and Hepatology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Declarations Funding The preparation of this review was not supported by any external funding. Authorship and Conflict of interest Julia Paik is a salaried employee of Adis International Ltd/Springer Nature, and declares no relevant conflicts of interest. All authors contributed to the review and are responsible for the article content. Ethics approval, Consent to participate, Consent to publish, Availability of data and material, Code availability not applicable Additional information about this Adis Drug Review can be found here Abstract Ozanimod (Zeposia®) is the first sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor (S1PR) modulator to be approved for the treatment of adults with moderately to severely active ulcerative colitis in the USA, and in adults with moderately to severely active ulcerative colitis who have had an inadequate or lost response to, or were intolerant of, either conventional therapy or a biologic in the EU. An oral agent, ozanimod is administered once daily as induction and maintenance therapy. In the randomized, double-blind, multinational phase 2 Touchstone and phase 3 True North clinical trials, ozanimod was effective in inducing clinical remission and maintaining remission relative to placebo in adults with moderately to severely active ulcerative colitis. Ozanimod was generally well tolerated in these studies, with manageable or transient adverse events (AEs). Current data from the True North and Touchstone open-label extensions are consistent with the primary studies with respect to therapeutic efficacy and tolerability, with no new safety signals observed. Although further data will be beneficial, ozanimod expands the treatment options for adults with moderately to severely active ulcerative colitis. © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2022
Extreme Scale-out SuperMUC Phase 2 - lessons learned
Creators: name: Hammer, Nicolay
name: Jamitzky, Ferdinand
name: Satzger, Helmut
name: Allalen, Momme
name: Block, Alexander
name: Karmakar, Anupam
name: Brehm, Matthias
name: Bader, Reinhold
name: Iapichino, Luigi
name: Ragagnin, Antonio
name: Karakasis, Vasilios
name: Kranzlmüller, Dieter
name: Bode, Arndt
name: Huber, Herbert
name: Kühn, Martin
name: Machado, Rui
name: Grünewald, Daniel
name: Edelmann, Philipp V. F.
name: Röpke, Friedrich K.
name: Wittmann, Markus
name: Zeiser, Thomas
name: Wellein, Gerhard
name: Mathias, Gerald
name: Schwörer, Magnus
name: Lorenzen, Konstantin
name: Federrath, Christoph
name: Klessen, Ralf
name: Bamberg, Karl-Ulrich
name: Ruhl, Hartmut
name: Schornbaum, Florian
name: Bauer, Martin
name: Nikhil, Anand
name: Qi, Jiaxing
name: Klimach, Harald
name: Stüben, Hinnerk
name: Deshmukh, Abhishek
name: Falkenstein, Tobias
name: Dolag, Klaus
name: Petkova, Margarita
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In spring 2015, the Leibniz Supercomputing Centre (Leibniz-Rechenzentrum, LRZ), installed their new Peta-Scale System SuperMUC Phase2. Selected users were invited for a 28 day extreme scale-out block operation during which they were allowed to use the full system for their applications. The following projects participated in the extreme scale-out workshop: BQCD (Quantum Physics), SeisSol (Geophysics, Seismics), GPI-2/GASPI (Toolkit for HPC), Seven-League Hydro (Astrophysics), ILBDC (Lattice Boltzmann CFD), Iphigenie (Molecular Dynamic), FLASH (Astrophysics), GADGET (Cosmological Dynamics), PSC (Plasma Physics), waLBerla (Lattice Boltzmann CFD), Musubi (Lattice Boltzmann CFD), Vertex3D (Stellar Astrophysics), CIAO (Combustion CFD), and LS1-Mardyn (Material Science). The projects were allowed to use the machine exclusively during the 28 day period, which corresponds to a total of 63.4 million core-hours, of which 43.8 million core-hours were used by the applications, resulting in a utilization of 69%. The top 3 users were using 15.2, 6.4, and 4.7 million core-hours, respectively.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures, presented at ParCo2015 - Advances in Parallel Computing, held in Edinburgh, September 2015. The final publication is available at IOS Press through http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/978-1-61499-621-7-827
Scanning probe microscopy and field emission schemes for studying electron emission from polycrystalline diamond
Creators: name: Chubenko, Oksana
name: Baturin, Stanislav S.
name: Baryshev, Sergey V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The letter introduces a diagram that rationalizes tunneling atomic force microscopy (TUNA) observations of electron emission from polycrystalline diamonds as described in recent publications. The direct observations of electron emission from grain boundary sites by TUNA could indeed be evidence of electrons originating from grain boundaries under external electric fields. At the same time, from the diagram it follows that TUNA and field emission schemes are complimentary rather than equivalent for results interpretation. It is further proposed that TUNA could provide better insights into emission mechanisms by measuring the detailed structure of the potential barrier on the surface of polycrystalline diamonds.
description: 3 figure, 3 pages
Offloading traffic hotspots using moving small cells
Creators: name: Jaziri, Aymen
name: Nasri, Ridha
name: Chahed, Tijani
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, the concept of moving small cells in mobile networks is presented and evaluated taking into account the dynamics of the system. We consider a small cell moving according to a Manhattan mobility model which is the case when the small cell is deployed on the top of a bus following a predefined trajectory in areas which are generally crowded. Taking into account the distribution of user locations, we study the dynamic level considering a queuing model composed of multi-class Processor Sharing queues. Macro and small cells are assumed to be operating in the same bandwidth. Consequently, they are coupled due to the mutual interferences generated by each cell to the other. Our results show that deploying moving small cells could be an efficient solution to offload traffic hotspots.
description: This article is already published in IEEE ICC conference 2016, Kuala Lumpur, Wireless networks symposium
Pencil-Beam Single-point-fed Dirac Leaky-Wave Antenna on a Transmission-Line Grid
Creators: name: Dorrah, Ayman H.
name: Eleftheriades, George V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Leaky-wave antennas (LWAs) are widely used as single-point-fed linear antenna arrays. The extension of LWAs to 2D implies that they can be used as single-point-fed 2D antenna arrays without requiring a complex feeding network. However, generating a pencil beam from 2D LWAs is not straightforward and due care has to be taken for the design of the LWA. On the other hand, transmission-line (TL) grids have demonstrated interesting behaviors, such as an effective negative refractive index and growing of evanescent waves. In this paper, a singlepoint-fed TL-grid 2D Dirac leaky-wave antenna (DLWA) design is proposed that generates a pencil beam at both broadside and slightly tilted angles. The TL-grid unit cell is analytically treated in light of its scattering and impedance matrices. The optimized TL-grid unit cell is shown to exhibit a closed bandgap in the dispersion relation which is also linearly varying with frequency (hence it is a DLWA). The proposed 2D DLWA design is fabricated and the experimental results are presented.
Cross-plane enhanced thermoelectricity and phonon suppression in graphene/MoS2 van der Waals heterostructures
Creators: name: Sadeghi, Hatef
name: Sangtarash, Sara
name: Lambert, Colin J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The thermoelectric figures of merit of pristine two-dimensional materials are predicted to be significantly less than unity, making them uncompetitive as thermoelectric materials. Here we elucidate a new strategy that overcomes this limitation by creating multi-layer nanoribbons of two different materials and allowing thermal and electrical currents to flow perpendicular to their planes. To demonstrate this enhancement of thermoelectric efficiency ZT, we analyse the thermoelectric performance of monolayer molybdenum disulphide (MoS2) sandwiched between two graphene monolayers and demonstrate that the cross-plane (CP) ZT is significantly enhanced compared with the pristine parent materials. For the parent monolayer of MoS2, we find that ZT can be as high as approximately 0.3, whereas monolayer graphene has a negligibly small ZT. In contrast for the graphene/MoS2/graphene heterostructure, we find that the CP ZT can be as large as 2.8. One contribution to this enhancement is a reduction of the thermal conductance of the van der Waals heterostructure compared with the parent materials, caused by a combination of boundary scattering at the MoS2/graphene interface which suppresses the phonons transmission and the lower Debye frequency of monolayer MoS2, which filters phonons from the monolayer graphene. A second contribution is an increase in the electrical conductance and Seebeck coefficient associated with molybdenum atoms at the edges of the nanoribbons.
Modulations of viscous fluid conduit periodic waves
Creators: name: Maiden, Michelle D.
name: Hoefer, Mark. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, modulation of periodic interfacial waves on a conduit of viscous liquid is explored utilizing Whitham theory and Nonlinear Schrödinger (NLS) theory. Large amplitude periodic wave modulation theory does not require integrability of the underlying model equation, yet in practice, either integrable equations are studied or the full extent of Whitham (wave-averaging) theory is not developed. The governing conduit equation is nonlocal with nonlinear dispersion and is not integrable. Via a scaling symmetry, periodic waves can be characterized by their wavenumber and amplitude. In the weakly nonlinear regime, both the defocusing and focusing variants of the NLS equation are derived, depending on the wavenumber. Dark and bright envelope solitons are found to persist in the conduit equation. Due to non-convex dispersion, modulational instability for periodic waves above a critical wavenumber is predicted. In the large amplitude regime, structural properties of the Whitham modulation equations are computed, including strict hyperbolicity, genuine nonlinearity, and linear degeneracy. Bifurcating from the NLS critical wavenumber at zero amplitude is an amplitude-dependent elliptic region for the Whitham equations within which a maximally unstable periodic wave is identified. These results have implications for dispersive shock waves, recently observed experimentally.
Andro-profiler: Detecting and Classifying Android Malware based on Behavioral Profiles
Creators: name: Jang, Jae-wook
name: Yun, Jaesung
name: Mohaisen, Aziz
name: Woo, Jiyoung
name: Kim, Huy Kang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Mass-market mobile security threats have increased recently due to the growth of mobile technologies and the popularity of mobile devices. Accordingly, techniques have been introduced for identifying, classifying, and defending against mobile threats utilizing static, dynamic, on-device, off-device, and hybrid approaches. In this paper, we contribute to the mobile security defense posture by introducing Andro-profiler, a hybrid behavior based analysis and classification system for mobile malware. Andro-profiler classifies malware by exploiting the behavior profiling extracted from the integrated system logs including system calls, which are implicitly equivalent to distinct behavior characteristics. Andro-profiler executes a malicious application on an emulator in order to generate the integrated system logs, and creates human-readable behavior profiles by analyzing the integrated system logs. By comparing the behavior profile of malicious application with representative behavior profile for each malware family, Andro-profiler detects and classifies it into malware families. The experiment results demonstrate that Andro-profiler is scalable, performs well in detecting and classifying malware with accuracy greater than $98\%$, outperforms the existing state-of-the-art work, and is capable of identifying zero-day mobile malware samples.
description: 13 pages
Adaptive optics for high resolution spectroscopy: A direct application with the future NIRPS spectrograph
Creators: name: Conod, Uriel
name: Blind, Nicolas
name: Wildi, François
name: Pepe, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Radial velocity instruments require high spectral resolution and extreme thermo-mecanical stability, even more difficult to achieve in near-infra red (NIR) where the spectrograph has to be cooled down. For a seeing-limited spectrograph, the price of high spectral resolution is an increased instrument volume, proportional to the diameter of the primary mirror. A way to control the size, cost, and stability of radial velocity spectrographs is to reduce the beam optical etendue thanks to an Adaptive Optics (AO) system. While AO has revolutionized the field of high angular resolution and high contrast imaging during the last 20 years, it has not yet been (successfully) used as a way to control spectrographs size, especially in the field of radial velocities. In this work we present the AO module of the future NIRPS spectrograph for the ESO 3.6 m telescope, that will be feed with multi-mode fibers. We converge to an AO system using a Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor with 14x14 subapertures, able to feed 50% of the energy into a 0.4" fiber in the range of 0.98 to 1.8 $μm$ for M-type stars as faint as I=12.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures, Proceeding 9909-142 of the SPIE Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation 2016
In-situ absolute calibration of electric-field amplitude measurements with the LPDA radio detector stations of the Pierre Auger Observatory
Creators: name: Briechle, Florian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With the Auger Engineering Radio Array (AERA) located at the Pierre Auger Observatory, radio emission of extensive air showers is observed. To exploit the physics potential of AERA, electric-field amplitude measurements with the radio detector stations need to be well-calibrated on an absolute level. A convenient tool for far-field calibration campaigns is a flying drone. Here we make use of an octocopter to place a calibrated source at freely chosen positions above the radio detector array. Special emphasis is put on the reconstruction of the octocopter position and its accuracy during the flights. The antenna response pattern of the radio detector stations was measured in a recent calibration campaign. Results of these measurements are presented and compared to simulations. It is found that measurements and simulations are in good agreement.
description: To be published in the Proceedings of the ARENA2016 conference, Groningen, The Netherlands
Scaling Laws in Spatial Network Formation
Creators: name: Molkenthin, Nora
name: Timme, Marc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Geometric constraints impact the formation of a broad range of spatial networks, from amino acid chains folding to proteins structures to rearranging particle aggregates. How the network of interactions dynamically self-organizes in such systems is far from fully understood. Here, we analyze a class of spatial network formation processes by introducing a mapping from geometric to graph-theoretic constraints. Combining stochastic and mean field analyses yields an algebraic scaling law for the extent (graph diameter) of the resulting networks with system size, in contrast to logarithmic scaling known for networks without constraints. Intriguingly, the exponent falls between that of self-avoiding random walks and that of space filling arrangements, consistent with experimentally observed scaling (of the spatial radius of gyration) for protein tertiary structures.
On a singular Liouville-type equation and the Alexandrov isoperimetric inequality
Creators: name: Bartolucci, Daniele
name: Castorina, Daniele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35B45, 35J75, 35R05, 35R45, 30F45, 53B20

description: We obtain a generalized version of an inequality, first derived by C. Bandle in the analytic setting, for weak subsolutions of a singular Liouville-type equation. As an application we obtain a new proof of the Alexandrov isoperimetric inequality on singular abstract surfaces. Interestingly enough, motivated by this geometric problem, we obtain a seemingly new characterization of local metrics on Alexandrov's surfaces of bounded curvature. At least to our knowledge, the characterization of the equality case in the isoperimetric inequality in such a weak framework is new as well.
An efficient numerical approach for delayed logistic models
Creators: name: Rebenda, Josef
name: Šmarda, Zdeněk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 34K28 34K07 34K40 65L03 65L05 34A25

description: In the paper an efficient semi-analytical approach based on the method of steps and differential transformation is proposed for numerical approximation of solutions of retarded logistic models of delayed and neutral type, including models with several constant delays. Algorithms for both commensurate and non-commensurate delays are described, applications are shown in examples. Validity and efficiency of the presented algorithms is compared with variational iteration method, Adomian decomposition method and polynomial least squares method numerically. Matlab package DDE23 is used to produce reference numerical values.
Graphene-plasmon polaritons: From fundamental properties to potential applications
Creators: name: Xiao, Sanshui
name: Zhu, Xiaolong
name: Li, Bo-Hong
name: Mortensen, N. Asger
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With the unique possibilities for controlling light in nanoscale devices, graphene plasmonics has opened new perspectives to the nanophotonics community with potential applications in metamaterials, modulators, photodetectors, and sensors. This paper briefly reviews the recent exciting progress in graphene plasmonics. We begin with a general description for optical properties of graphene, particularly focusing on the dispersion of graphene-plasmon polaritons. The dispersion relation of graphene-plasmon polaritons of spatially extended graphene is expressed in terms of the local response limit with intraband contribution. With this theoretical foundation of graphene-plasmon polaritons, we then discuss recent exciting progress, paying specific attention to the following topics: excitation of graphene plasmon polaritons, electron-phonon interactions in graphene on polar substrates, and tunable graphene plasmonics with applications in modulators and sensors. Finally, we seek to address some of the apparent challenges and promising perspectives of graphene plasmonics.
description: Invited minireview paper on graphene plasmon polaritons, 11 pages, 4 figures
DynamicFL: Balancing Communication Dynamics and Client Manipulation for Federated Learning
Creators: name: Chen, Bocheng
name: Ivanov, Nikolay
name: Wang, Guangjing
name: Yan, Qiben
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Federated Learning (FL) is a distributed machine learning (ML) paradigm, aiming to train a global model by exploiting the decentralized data across millions of edge devices. Compared with centralized learning, FL preserves the clients' privacy by refraining from explicitly downloading their data. However, given the geo-distributed edge devices (e.g., mobile, car, train, or subway) with highly dynamic networks in the wild, aggregating all the model updates from those participating devices will result in inevitable long-tail delays in FL. This will significantly degrade the efficiency of the training process. To resolve the high system heterogeneity in time-sensitive FL scenarios, we propose a novel FL framework, DynamicFL, by considering the communication dynamics and data quality across massive edge devices with a specially designed client manipulation strategy. \ours actively selects clients for model updating based on the network prediction from its dynamic network conditions and the quality of its training data. Additionally, our long-term greedy strategy in client selection tackles the problem of system performance degradation caused by short-term scheduling in a dynamic network. Lastly, to balance the trade-off between client performance evaluation and client manipulation granularity, we dynamically adjust the length of the observation window in the training process to optimize the long-term system efficiency. Compared with the state-of-the-art client selection scheme in FL, \ours can achieve a better model accuracy while consuming only 18.9\% -- 84.0\% of the wall-clock time. Our component-wise and sensitivity studies further demonstrate the robustness of \ours under various real-life scenarios.
Go Together: Bridging the Gap between Learners and Teachers
Creators: name: Irfan, Asim
name: Nawaz, Atif
name: Turab, Muhammad
name: Azeem, Muhmmad
name: Adnan, Mashal
name: Mehmood, Ahsan
name: Ahmed, Sarfaraz
name: Ashraf, Adnan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: After the pandemic, humanity has been facing different types of challenges. Social relationships, societal values, and academic and professional behavior have been hit the most. People are shifting their routines to social media and gadgets, and getting addicted to their isolation. This sudden change in their lives has caused an unusual social breakdown and endangered their mental health. In mid-2021, Pakistan's first Human Library was established under HelpingMind to overcome these effects. Despite online sessions and webinars, HelpingMind needs technology to reach the masses. In this work, we customized the UI or UX of a Go Together Mobile Application (GTMA) to meet the requirements of the client organization. A very interesting concept of the book (expert listener or psychologist) and the reader is introduced in GTMA. It offers separate dashboards, separate reviews or rating systems, booking, and venue information to engage the human reader with his or her favorite human book. The loyalty program enables the members to avail discounts through a mobile application and its membership is global where both the human-reader and human-books can register under the platform. The minimum viable product has been approved by our client organization.
Joy Learning: Smartphone Application For Children With Parkinson Disease
Creators: name: Rafiq, Mujahid
name: Hussain, Ibrar
name: Arif, Muhammad
name: Sardar, Kinza
name: Humayun, Ahsan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Parkinson's is a Neurologic disorder that not only affects the human body but also their social and personal life. Especially children having the Parkinson's disease come up with infinite difficulties in different areas of life mostly in social interaction, communication, connectedness, and other skills such as thinking, reasoning, learning, remembering. This study gives the solution to learning social skills by using smartphone applications. The children having Parkinson's disease (juvenile) can learn to solve social and common problems by observing real-life situations that cannot be explained properly by instructors. The result shows that the application will enhance their involvement in learning and solving a complex problem.
Results and Perspectives of the Auger Engineering Radio Array
Creators: name: Glaser, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Auger Engineering Radio Array (AERA) is an extension of the Pierre Auger Cosmic-Ray Observatory. It is used to detect radio emission from extensive air showers with energies beyond $10^{17}~$eV in the $30 - 80~$MHz frequency band. After three phases of deployment, AERA now consists of more than 150 autonomous radio stations with different spacings, covering an area of about $17~$km$^2$. It is located at the same site as other Auger low-energy detector extensions enabling combinations with various other measurement techniques. The radio array allows different technical schemes to be explored as well as cross-calibration of our measurements with the established baseline detectors of the Auger Observatory. We report on the most recent technological developments and give an overview of the experimental results obtained with AERA. In particular, we will present the measurement of the radiation energy, i.e., the amount of energy that is emitted by the air shower in the form of radio emission, and its dependence on the cosmic-ray energy by comparing with the measurement of the the well-calibrated Auger surface detector. Furthermore, we outline the relevance of this result for the absolute calibration of the energy scale of cosmic-ray observatories.
description: To be published in the Proceedings of the ARENA2016 conference, Groningen, The Netherlands
Rapid estimation of drifting parameters in continuously measured quantum systems
Creators: name: Cortez, Luis
name: Chantasri, Areeya
name: García-Pintos, Luis Pedro
name: Dressel, Justin
name: Jordan, Andrew N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the determination of a Hamiltonian parameter in a quantum system undergoing continuous measurement. We demonstrate a computationally rapid yet statistically optimal method to estimate an unknown and possibly time-dependent parameter, where we maximize the likelihood of the observed stochastic readout. By dealing directly with the raw measurement record rather than the quantum state trajectories, the estimation can be performed while the data is being acquired, permitting continuous tracking of the parameter during slow drifts in real time. Furthermore, we incorporate realistic nonidealities, such as decoherence processes and measurement inefficiency. As an example, we focus on estimating the value of the Rabi frequency of a continuously measured qubit, and compare maximum likelihood estimation to a simpler fast Fourier transform. Using this example, we discuss how the quality of the estimation depends on both the strength and duration of the measurement; we also discuss the trade-off between the accuracy of the estimate and the sensitivity to drift as the estimation duration is varied.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures
Training Evaluation in a Smart Farm using Kirkpatrick Model: A Case Study of Chiang Mai
Creators: name: Chernbumroong, Suepphong
name: Sureephong, Pradorn
name: Suebsombut, Paweena
name: Sekhari, Aicha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Farmers can now use IoT to improve farm efficiency and productivity by using sensors for farm monitoring to enhance decision-making in areas such as fertilization, irrigation, climate forecast, and harvesting information. Local farmers in Chiang Mai, Thailand, on the other hand, continue to lack knowledge and experience with smart farm technology. As a result, the 'SUNSpACe' project, funded by the European Union's Erasmus+ Program, was launched to launch a training course which improve the knowledge and performance of Thai farmers. To assess the effectiveness of the training, The Kirkpatrick model was used in this study. Eight local farmers took part in the training, which was divided into two sections: mobile learning and smart farm laboratory. During the training activities, different levels of the Kirkpatrick model were conducted and tested: reaction (satisfaction test), learning (knowledge test), and behavior (performance test). The overall result demonstrated the participants' positive reaction to the outcome. The paper also discusses the limitations and suggestions for training activities.
High Precision Momentum Calibration of the Magnetic Spectrometers at MAMI for Hypernuclear Binding Energy Determination
Creators: name: Margaryan, A.
name: Annand, J. R. M.
name: Achenbach, P.
name: Ajvazyan, R.
name: Elbakyan, H.
name: Montgomery, R.
name: Nakamura, S. N.
name: Pochodzalla, J.
name: Schulz, F.
name: Toyama, Y.
name: Zhamkochyan, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a new method for absolute momentum calibration of magnetic spectrometers used in nuclear physics, using the time-of-flight (TOF), differences of pairs of particles with different masses. In cases where the flight path is not known, a calibration can be determined by using the TOF differences of two pair combinations of three particles. A Cherenkov detector, read out by a radio frequency photomultiplier tube, is considered as the high-resolution and highly stable TOF detector. By means of Monte Carlo simulations it is demonstrated that the magnetic spectrometers at the MAMI electron-scattering facility can be calibrated absolutely with an accuracy $δp/p\leq 10^{-4}$, which will be crucial for high precision determination of hypernuclear masses.
description: 22 pages, 13 figures
Constraining the surface properties of effective Skyrme interactions
Creators: name: Jodon, R.
name: Bender, M.
name: Bennaceur, K.
name: Meyer, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The purpose of this study is threefold: first, to identify a scheme for the determination of the surface energy coefficient a_surf that offers the best compromise between robustness, precision, and numerical efficiency; second, to analyze the correlation between values for a_surf and the characteristic energies of the fission barrier of Pu240; and third, to lay out a procedure how the deformation properties of the Skyrme energy density functional (EDF) can be constrained during the parameter fit. There are several frequently used possibilities to define and calculate the surface energy coefficient a_surf of effective interactions. The most direct access is provided by the model system of semi-infinite nuclear matter, but a_surf can also be extracted from the systematics of binding energies of finite nuclei. Calculations can be carried out either self-consistently (HF), which incorporates quantal shell effects, or in one of the semi-classical Extended Thomas-Fermi (ETF) or Modified Thomas-Fermi (MTF) approximations. The surface energy coefficient of 76 parameterizations of the Skyrme EDF have been calculated. Values obtained with the HF, ETF and MTF methods are not identical, but differ by fairly constant systematic offsets. Despite having some drawbacks compared to the other methods studied here, the MTF approach provides sufficiently precise values for a_surf such that it can be used as a very robust constraint on surface properties during a parameter fit at negligible additional cost. Through the construction of a series of eight parameterizations SLy5s1-SLy5s8 of the standard Skyrme EDF with systematically varied a_surf value it is shown how to arrive at a fit with realistic deformation properties. [Note: The abstract has been abbreviated because of length restrictions imposed by the arXiv. See the paper for the full abstract.]
description: 18 pages, 9 figures
G64-12 and G64-37 are Carbon-Enhanced Metal-Poor Stars
Creators: name: Placco, Vinicius M.
name: Beers, Timothy C.
name: Reggiani, Henrique
name: Melendez, Jorge
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present new high-resolution chemical-abundance analyses for the well-known high proper-motion subdwarfs G64-12 and G64-37, based on very high signal-to-noise spectra (S/N ~ 700/1) with resolving power R ~ 95,000. These high-quality data enable the first reliable determination of the carbon abundances for these two stars; we classify them as carbon-enhanced metal-poor (CEMP) stars based on their carbonicities, which both exceed [C/Fe] = +1.0. They are sub-classified as CEMP- no Group-II stars, based on their location in the Yoon-Beers diagram of absolute carbon abundance, A(C) vs. [Fe/H], as well as on the conventional diagnostic [Ba/Fe]. The relatively low absolute carbon abundances of CEMP-no stars, in combination with the high effective temperatures of these two stars (Teff ~ 6500 K) weakens their CH molecular features to the point that accurate carbon abundances can only be estimated from spectra with very high S/N. A comparison of the observed abundance patterns with the predicted yields from massive, metal-free supernova models reduces the inferred progenitor masses by factors of ~ 2-3, and explosion energies by factors of ~ 10-15, compared to those derived using previously claimed carbon abundance estimates. There are certainly many more warm CEMP-no stars near the halo main-sequence turnoff that have been overlooked in past studies, directly impacting the derived frequencies of CEMP-no stars as a function of metallicity, a probe that provides important constraints on Galactic chemical evolution models, the initial mass function in the early Universe, and first-star nucleosynthesis.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures; accepted for publication in ApJ Letters. Corrected Ni abundances in Table 1
The telos of Town Planning
Creators: name: Monaghan, Joseph
Publisher: name: University of Chicago
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Town planning
subject: Philosophy
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: Affordable housing

description: This thesis demonstrates that housing is becoming less and less affordable in some urban areas (with my focus being two test cases, America and Australia) and if current trends continue affordability in some of these areas will worsen. The thesis outlines how this constitutes a series of threats to the community and focuses in particular upon the middle-class. Increase in supply is one obvious mechanism to improve affordability and in this regard the town planning system plays an important role. The thesis argues that the telos of the town planning system is to provide housing and that utilitarianism provides the right moral framework to achieve that aim. From this perspective, there is greater benefit to facilitating real estate development than there is to conservation, but that conservation still remains a worthy objective that carries considerable weight under the utilitarian calculus.
TARGET: A Digitizing And Trigger ASIC For The Cherenkov Telescope Array
Creators: name: Funk, S.
name: Jankowsky, D.
name: Katagiri, H.
name: Kraus, M.
name: Okumura, A.
name: Schoorlemmer, H.
name: Shigenaka, A.
name: Tajima, H.
name: Tibaldo, L.
name: Varner, G.
name: Zink, A.
name: Zorn, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The future ground-based gamma-ray observatory Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) will feature multiple types of imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes, each with thousands of pixels. To be affordable, camera concepts for these telescopes have to feature low cost per channel and at the same time meet the requirements for CTA in order to achieve the desired scientific goals. We present the concept of the TeV Array Readout Electronics with GSa/s sampling and Event Trigger (TARGET) Application Specific Circuit (ASIC), envisaged to be used in the cameras of various CTA telescopes, e.g. the Gamma-ray Cherenkov Telescope (GCT), a proposed 2-Mirror Small-Sized Telescope, and the Schwarzschild-Couder Telescope (SCT), a proposed Medium-Sized Telescope. In the latest version of this readout concept the sampling and trigger parts are split into dedicated ASICs, TARGET C and T5TEA, both providing 16 parallel input channels. TARGET C features a tunable sampling rate (usually 1 GSa/s), a 16k sample deep buffer for each channel and on-demand digitization and transmission of waveforms with typical spans of ~100 ns. The trigger ASIC, T5TEA, provides 4 low voltage differential signal (LVDS) trigger outputs and can generate a pedestal voltage independently for each channel. Trigger signals are generated by T5TEA based on the analog sum of the input in four independent groups of four adjacent channels and compared to a threshold set by the user. Thus, T5TEA generates four LVDS trigger outputs, as well as 16 pedestal voltages fed to TARGET C independently for each channel. We show preliminary results of the characterization and testing of TARGET C and T5TEA.
description: 6 pages, 8 figures, Proceedings of the 6th International Symposium on High-Energy Gamma-Ray Astronomy (Gamma2016)
Critical metal resources in Democratic People’s Republic of Korea
Creators: name: Park, Sulgiye
name: McNulty, Terence P.
name: Ewing, Rodney C.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Pharmacology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Plant Biology

description: Critical metals (CMs), including rare-earth elements (REEs), lithium (Li), and beryllium (Be), provide the foundation for the development of advanced technologies and are essential to national security and economic development in many countries. While China has most of the world’s REE processing capacity, the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (DPRK) reportedly possesses significant untapped CM resources. With the size and total value estimated to be worth trillions of dollars, its large resources are reputedly the DPRK’s most significant internal asset. Despite the oft-cited abundance of CMs, evidence-based analyses of the mineral resources are limited. We provide a comprehensive analysis of CM resources in the DPRK based on geological analysis of potential deposits. Three main REE deposits at Ryongpo, Cheolsan, Abdong, and various Li and Be deposits are investigated. Extensive analyses indicate that previous estimates of a large CM resource base for the DPRK are exaggerated. There is no clear evidence for significant resources that are economical. While there remains a possibility of identifying new ore deposits, for the DPRK to access its CM resources, it will need to develop a nationwide exploration and exploitation strategy to attract foreign investments. A strategy of investment and investigation might provide a springboard for cooperation between the DPRK and other nations as these resources are discovered and developed.
Disaster Knowledge Management (DKM) Assessment of Housing Resilience in Pakistan
Creators: name: Shaikh, Saima
Publisher: name: Open Access Te Herenga Waka-Victoria University of Wellington
Year: 2022
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Despite the devastating impact of past earthquakes in Pakistan, and substantial research on how best to minimize the impact in terms of damage to buildings and consequent loss of life, dissemination of knowledge relating to good seismic construction remains a substantial problem in realizing the improvements possible. Such knowledge transmission is vitally important concerning long-term activities of adaptation and implementation, aimed at improving housing resilience. Work undertaken by a number of researchers on retrospective analysis of buildings affected by earthquakes has revealed the need for an urgent shift towards more resilient and sustainable building practices. Generally, rural construction practices, particularly in developing communities, suffer from inadequate local construction knowledge, and limited comprehension of building good practice guidelines. This study examines the potential impact of disaster knowledge management (DKM) in improving post-2005-earthquake housing resilience in rural areas of Pakistan. To review existing research on the impacts of earthquakes on fatalities, economical losses, and DKM, an extensive literature review was utilized. The investigation also identified that DKM has an important role to play in capacity building and technical knowledge relating to seismic guidelines aimed at improving housing resilience. Consequently, a theoretical framework was developed, focused primarily on the analysis of the post-2005 rural building reconstruction mechanism and the identification of key challenges to effectively disseminate seismic guidelines in relation to rural construction practices. Future research will extend this framework through an empirical study to explore resilient and sustainable DKM in vulnerable countries that have low adaptive capacities.
Mesoarchaean banded iron formations of the Fennoscandian Shield: new zirconU-Pb (ID-TIMS and SHRIMP-II) isotope ages of noble metal mineralization and Nd-Sr data on whole rocks
Creators: name: Bayanova, Tamara B.
name: Bazay, Ayya V.
name: Steshenko, Ekaterina N.
name: Kunakkuzin, Evgeniy L.
name: Serov, Pavel A.
name: Borisenko, Elena S.
name: Elizarov, Dmitry V.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Pharmacology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Banded iron formations (BIFs) are widespread over the world (3.81 Ga to 1.80 Ga) as the Algoma and Superior types. The paper provides new isotope (Nd-Sr, U-Pb) data on associated noble-metal mineralization in Algoma-type BIFs of the Fennoscandian Shield. U-Pb dating of accessory zircon applied to estimate the formation time of noble-metal-bearing skarn and related rocks in the Olenegorsk and Kirovogorsk BIFs, NW Fennoscandian Shield show that they occurred in the interval between the formation of basalt protolith (2.81 Ga amphibolites) and metamorphism in BIFs (2.75 Ga) to the formation of gold-bearing iron-rich skarn with native Au, Ag, Bi and tellurides (2.65 Ga) and low-temperature quartz-zeolite veins with redeposited Au (2.55 Ga). REE distribution in zircons and corresponding rocks indicated an important role of redox reactions in Fe and REE redistribution affected by reducing fluids on haematite-quartz protolith of BIFs.
Scale bridging description of coherent phase equilibria in the presence of surfaces and interfaces
Creators: name: Spatschek, R.
name: Gobbi, G.
name: Hüter, C.
name: Chakrabarty, A.
name: Aydin, U.
name: Brinckmann, S.
name: Neugebauer, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate phase separation including elastic coherency effects in the bulk and at surfaces and find a reduction of the solubility limit in the presence of free surfaces. This mechanism favours phase separation near free surfaces even in the absence of external stresses. We apply the theory to hydride formation in nickel, iron and niobium and obtain a reduction of the solubility limit by up to two orders of magnitude at room temperature in the presence of free surfaces. These effects are concisely expressed through a solubility modification factor, which transparently expresses the long-ranged elastic effects in a terminology accessible e.g. to ab initio calculations.
description: 30 pages