cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Semiclassical theory for plasmons in spatially inhomogeneous media
Creators: name: Reijnders, K. J. A.
name: Tudorovskiy, T.
name: Katsnelson, M. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent progress in experimental techniques has made the quantum regime in plasmonics accessible. Since plasmons correspond to collective electron excitations, the electron-electron interaction plays an essential role in their theoretical description. Within the Random Phase Approximation, this interaction is incorporated through a system of equations of motion, which has to be solved self-consistently. For homogeneous media, an analytical solution can be found using the Fourier transform, giving rise to Lindhard theory. When the medium is spatially inhomogeneous, this is no longer possible and one often uses numerical approaches, which are however limited to smaller systems. In this paper, we present a novel semi-analytical approach for bulk plasmons in inhomogeneous media based on the semiclassical (or WKB) approximation, which is applicable when the charge density varies smoothly. By solving the equations of motion self-consistently, we obtain the expressions of Lindhard theory with a spatially varying Fermi wavevector. The derivation involves passing from the operators to their symbols, which can be thought of as classical observables on phase space. In this way we obtain effective (Hamiltonian) equations of motion for plasmons. We then find the quantized energy levels and the plasmon spectrum using Einstein-Brilllouin-Keller quantization. Our results provide a theoretical basis to describe different setups in quantum plasmonics, such as nanoparticles, quantum dots and waveguides.
description: 97 pages, 21 figures
Quantum BRST charge and OSp(1|8) superalgebra of twistor-like p-branes with exotic supersymmetry and Weyl symmetry
Creators: name: Uvarov, D. V.
name: Zheltukhin, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Algebra of the constraints of twistor-like p-branes restoring 3/4 fraction of the spontaneously broken D=4 N=1 supersymmetry is studied using the conversion method. Classical and quantum realizations of the BRST charge, unified superalgebra of the global generalized superconformal OSp(1|8) and Virasoro and Weyl symmetries are constructed. It is shown that the quantum Hermitian BRST charge is nilpotent and the quantized OSp(1|8) superalgebra is closed.
description: Latex, 15 pages, no figures. V2: extended and improved version based on talk given at the 19th Max Born Symposium "Fundamental Interactions and Twistor-like Methods" (September 28 - October 1, 2004, Wroclaw, Poland), to appear in the Proceedings
Farm Machinery Leasing: Evaluation and Implications for Measurement of Farm Financial Structure
Creators: name: Lins, David A.
name: Lins, David A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1975
Subjects: Farm Management

description: Farm machinery leasing is analyzed with respect to costs and returns, cash flows, and risk. Under certain conditions a lease may be mutually advantageous to the lessor and lessee. Failure to measure the extent of farm machinery leasing has led to distortions in measures of farm financial structure.
Inventory and Critique of Productivity Estimates In The U.S. Food and Fiber Sector
Creators: name: Howe, Eric C.
name: Handy, Charles R.
name: Howe, Eric C.
name: Handy, Charles R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1975
Subjects: Production Economics

description: The purpose of this paper is to explore alternative methods for developing a total factor productivity measurement system for the food and fiber sector. Such a measure would allow us to monitor changes in the efficiency with which the sector utilizes inputs in producing food and fiber for final demand
Keck Spectroscopy and Imaging of Globular Clusters in the Lenticular Galaxy NGC 524
Creators: name: Beasley, Michael A.
name: Forbes, Duncan A.
name: Brodie, Jean P.
name: Kissler-Patig, Markus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have obtained Keck LRIS imaging and spectra for 29 globular clusters associated with the lenticular galaxy NGC 524. Using the empirical calibration of Brodie & Huchra we find that our spectroscopic sample spans a metallicity range of --2.0 < [Fe/H] < 0. We have compared the composite spectrum of the metal-poor ([Fe/H] < --1) and metal-rich clusters with stellar population models and conclude that the clusters are generally old and coeval at the 2 sigma confidence level. To determine the mean [alpha/Fe] ratios of the globular clusters, we have employed the Milone et al. 'alpha-enhanced' stellar population models. We verified the reliability of these models by comparing them with high S/N Galactic globular cluster data. We observe a weak trend of decreasing [alpha/Fe] with increasing metallicity in the NGC 524 clusters. Analysis of the cluster system kinematics reveals that the full sample exhibits a rotation of 114+/-60 km/s around a position angle of 22+/-27 deg, and a velocity dispersion of 186+/-29 km/s at a mean radius of 89 arcsec from the galaxy centre. Subdividing the clusters into metal-poor and metal-rich subcomponents we find that the metal-poor (17) clusters and metal-rich (11) clusters have similar velocity dispersions (197+/-40 km/s and 169+/-47 km/s respectively). The metal-poor clusters dominate the rotation in our sample with 147+/-75 km/s, whilst the metal-rich clusters show no significant rotation (68+/-84 km/s). We derive a virial and projected mass estimation for NGC 524 of between 4 and 13 x 10^11 Msun (depending on the assumed orbital distribution) interior to 2 effective radii of this galaxy.
description: to appear in MNRAS
RAFA-Net: Region Attention Network For Food Items And Agricultural Stress Recognition
Creators: name: Bera, Asish
name: Krejcar, Ondrej
name: Bhattacharjee, Debotosh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Deep Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have facilitated remarkable success in recognizing various food items and agricultural stress. A decent performance boost has been witnessed in solving the agro-food challenges by mining and analyzing of region-based partial feature descriptors. Also, computationally expensive ensemble learning schemes using multiple CNNs have been studied in earlier works. This work proposes a region attention scheme for modelling long-range dependencies by building a correlation among different regions within an input image. The attention method enhances feature representation by learning the usefulness of context information from complementary regions. Spatial pyramidal pooling and average pooling pair aggregate partial descriptors into a holistic representation. Both pooling methods establish spatial and channel-wise relationships without incurring extra parameters. A context gating scheme is applied to refine the descriptiveness of weighted attentional features, which is relevant for classification. The proposed Region Attention network for Food items and Agricultural stress recognition method, dubbed RAFA-Net, has been experimented on three public food datasets, and has achieved state-of-the-art performances with distinct margins. The highest top-1 accuracies of RAFA-Net are 91.69%, 91.56%, and 96.97% on the UECFood-100, UECFood-256, and MAFood-121 datasets, respectively. In addition, better accuracies have been achieved on two benchmark agricultural stress datasets. The best top-1 accuracies on the Insect Pest (IP-102) and PlantDoc-27 plant disease datasets are 92.36%, and 85.54%, respectively; implying RAFA-Net's generalization capability.
Nondegenerate Two-Photon Absorption in GaAs/AlGaAs Multiple Quantum Well Waveguides
Creators: name: Cox, Nicholas
name: Wei, Junxiong
name: Pattanaik, Himansu
name: Tabbakh, Thamer
name: Gorza, Simon-Pierre
name: Hagan, David
name: Van Stryland, Eric W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present femtosecond pump-probe measurements of the nondegenerate (1960$\,$nm excitation and 1176--1326$\,$nm probe) two-photon absorption spectra of 8 $\,$nm GaAs/12$\,$nm Al$_{0.32}$Ga$_{0.68}$As quantum well waveguides. Experiments were performed with light pulses co-polarized normal and tangential to the quantum well plane. The results are compared to perturbative calculations of transition rates between states determined by the $\mathbf{k}\cdot\mathbf{p}$ method with an 8 or 14 band basis. We find excellent agreement between theory and experiment for normal polarization, then use the model to support predictions of orders-of-magnitude enhancement of nondegenerate two-photon absorption as one constituent photon energy nears an intersubband resonance.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures
Vibrational Levels of a Generalized Morse Potential
Creators: name: Qadeer, Saad
name: Santis, Garrett D.
name: Stinis, Panos
name: Xantheas, Sotiris S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 65L15

description: A Generalized Morse Potential (GMP) is an extension of the Morse Potential (MP) with an additional exponential term and an additional parameter that compensate for MP's erroneous behavior in the long range part of the interaction potential. Because of the additional term and parameter, the vibrational levels of the GMP cannot be solved analytically, unlike the case for the MP. We present several numerical approaches for solving the vibrational problem of the GMP based on Galerkin methods, namely the Laguerre Polynomial Method (LPM), the Symmetrized Laguerre Polynomial Method (SLPM) and the Polynomial Expansion method (PEM) and apply them to the vibrational levels of the homonuclear diatomic molecules B$_2$, O$_2$ and F$_2$, for which high level theoretical Full CI potential energy surfaces and experimentally measured vibrational levels have been reported. Overall the LPM produces vibrational states for the GMP that are converged to within spectroscopic accuracy of 0.01 cm$^{-1}$ in between 1 and 2 orders of magnitude faster and with much fewer basis functions / grid points than the Colbert-Miller Discrete Variable Representation (CM-DVR) method for the three homonuclear diatomic molecules examined in this study.
description: 18 pages, approved for release by Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL-SA-174299). A python library that fits and solves the GMP and similar potentials can be downloaded from https://gitlab.com/gds001uw/generalized-morse-solver
Galaxy Disruption in a Halo of Dark Matter
Creators: name: Forbes, Duncan
name: Beasley, Michael
name: Bekki, Kenji
name: Brodie, Jean
name: Strader, Jay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The relics of disrupted satellite galaxies around the Milky Way and Andromeda have been found, but direct evidence of a satellite galaxy in the early stages of being disrupted has remained elusive. We have discovered a dwarf satellite galaxy in the process of being torn apart by gravitational tidal forces as it merges with a larger galaxy's dark matter halo. Our results illustrate the morphological transformation of dwarf galaxies by tidal interaction and the continued build-up of galaxy halos.
description: 7 pages, Latex, 4 figures, to appear in Science v301 p5637
Perpendicular magnetic tunnel junctions with multi-interface free layer
Creators: name: Khanal, Pravin
name: Zhou, Bowei
name: Andrade, Magda
name: Dang, Yanliu
name: Davydov, Albert
name: Habiboglu, Ali
name: Saidian, Jonah
name: Laurie, Adam
name: Wang, Jian-Ping
name: Gopman, Daniel B
name: Wang, Weigang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Future generations of magnetic random access memory demand magnetic tunnel junctions that can provide simultaneously high magnetoresistance, strong retention, low switching energy and small cell size below 10nm. Here we study perpendicular magnetic tunnel junctions with composite free layers where multiple ferromagnet/nonmagnet interfaces can contribute to the thermal stability. Different nonmagnetic materials (MgO, Ta, Mo) have been employed as the coupling layers in these multi-interface free layers. The evolution of junction properties under different annealing conditions is investigated. A strong dependence of tunneling magnetoresistance on the thickness of the first CoFeB layer has been observed. In junctions where Mo and MgO are used as coupling layers, large tunneling magnetoresistance above 200% has been achieved after 400{\deg}C annealing.
Economic growth and agricultural land conversion under uncertain productivity improvements in agriculture
Creators: name: Lanz, Bruno
name: Dietz, Simon
name: Swanson, Tim
name: Lanz, Bruno
name: Dietz, Simon
name: Swanson, Tim
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: Economic growth
subject: Agricultural productivity
subject: Endogenous innovations
subject: Land conversion
subject: Population dynamics
subject: Food security
subject: Stochastic control

description: We study how uncertainty in the evolution of agricultural productivity interacts with economic and population growth, and the associated the demand for food. We use two-sector Schumpeterian model of growth, in which a manufacturing sector produces the traditional consumption good and an agricultural sector produces food to sustain contemporary population. Sectors differ in that agriculture also demands land as an input, itself treated as a scarce form of capital. In our model both population and sectoral technological progress are endogenously determined, and a number of key technological parameters of the model are structurally estimated using 1960-2010 data on world GDP, population, cropland and technological progress. Introducing random shocks to the evolution of total factor productivity in agriculture, we show that uncertainty optimally requires more land to be converted into agricultural use as a hedge against production shortages, and that it signficiantly affects both consumption and population trajectories.
Partial versus General Equilibrium Calorie and Revenue Effects Associated with a Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Tax
Creators: name: Senarath Dharmasena
name: Davis, George C.
name: Capps, Oral
name: Senarath Dharmasena
name: Davis, George C.
name: Capps, Oral
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Calorie Effects
subject: General Equilibrium
subject: Partial Equilibrium
subject: Revenue Effects
subject: Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Tax

description: Taxes on sugar-sweetened beverages have been widely proposed to combat the U.S. obesity crisis. Most previous work has found the effects of a SSB tax to be small to moderate. We address three limitations. First, we incorporate the supply side via a stochastic equilibrium displacement model. Second, we account for uncertainty in the underlying elasticities using probability distributions associated with elasticities. Third, we address industry revenue effects. We find that assumptions about the supply side are more important than assumptions about substitution. Ignoring supply side severely overestimates quantity and calorie effects and slightly underestimates revenue effects.
The Picture Word Inductive Model : an effective model for vocabulary instruction
Creators: name: McDonald, Karen Anne
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: In this paper I investigate the Picture Word Inductive Model (PWIM) as an effective classroom tool for vocabulary instruction. I review the literature related to recent developments in the area of vocabulary research, the importance of effective vocabulary instruction in a balanced literacy program, and why PWIM is such a valuable program for teaching vocabulary in the classroom. In the Connections to Practice section I have included my experiences using PWIM in my Grade One French Immersion classroom, a look at the inherent strengths of PWIM and how it can be used in a classroom for vocabulary instruction of theme related curriculum, and a PowerPoint presentation created for a District Day Pro D workshop (February 2011) for colleagues teaching at the Primary level (English and French) as well as Intermediate, French as a Second Language, teachers. I include a teacher resource package in the appendix. My goal in writing this paper is to inform the reader not only about the value of the Picture Word Inductive Model as a vocabulary instructional tool, but also to help them better understand why it is so effective. "The limits of my language are the limits of my mind. All I know is what I have words for." Luther Wittgenstein.
Transfer of Improved Varieties in Informal Markets and the Diffusion of Embedded Innovation: Legal Pluralism in Uganda
Creators: name: Bozzola, Martina
name: Swanson, Tim
name: Ting, Helenda
name: Bozzola, Martina
name: Swanson, Tim
name: Ting, Helenda
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: International Development
subject: Improved Seed
subject: Seed Policy Reforms
subject: Peer Effects
subject: Uganda

description: We use household level panel data to look at the diffusion of seed technology among Ugandan farmers. We present a simple target-input model to conceptualize the adoption decisions and management of a new technology in which the best use of inputs under the new technology is unknown and stochastic. In this framework, there is path dependency in the adoption process, since use and adoption are important indicators of the superior efficiency of new technology. Our analysis suggests that the adoption of certified improved seed remains low in Uganda, despite the presence of at least two distinct legal systems regulating seed sales and plant breeding i) TRIPS 27(3)b and ii) national laws such as the Seed and Plant Varieties Regulations. Notably, we find evidence of unsuccessful experimentation patterns by the group of most likely adopters. We focus on the characteristics of the group who undertakes most of this experimentation, and find that this group of innovators is well-defined but too small to overcome the inertia within the system. In short, we find little evidence that seed policy reforms implemented in Uganda in the past 20 years have boosted agricultural productivity in the country, largely on account of inadequate use and diffusion of new seed varieties within the agricultural system.
Winning solutions and post-challenge analyses of the ChaLearn AutoDL challenge 2019
Creators: name: Liu, Zhengying
name: Pavao, Adrien
name: Xu, Zhen
name: Escalera, Sergio
name: Ferreira, Fabio
name: Guyon, Isabelle
name: Hong, Sirui
name: Hutter, Frank
name: Ji, Rongrong
name: Junior, Julio C. S. Jacques
name: Li, Ge
name: Lindauer, Marius
name: Luo, Zhipeng
name: Madadi, Meysam
name: Nierhoff, Thomas
name: Niu, Kangning
name: Pan, Chunguang
name: Stoll, Danny
name: Treguer, Sebastien
name: Wang, Jin
name: Wang, Peng
name: Wu, Chenglin
name: Xiong, Youcheng
name: Zela, Arbe r
name: Zhang, Yang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper reports the results and post-challenge analyses of ChaLearn's AutoDL challenge series, which helped sorting out a profusion of AutoML solutions for Deep Learning (DL) that had been introduced in a variety of settings, but lacked fair comparisons. All input data modalities (time series, images, videos, text, tabular) were formatted as tensors and all tasks were multi-label classification problems. Code submissions were executed on hidden tasks, with limited time and computational resources, pushing solutions that get results quickly. In this setting, DL methods dominated, though popular Neural Architecture Search (NAS) was impractical. Solutions relied on fine-tuned pre-trained networks, with architectures matching data modality. Post-challenge tests did not reveal improvements beyond the imposed time limit. While no component is particularly original or novel, a high level modular organization emerged featuring a "meta-learner", "data ingestor", "model selector", "model/learner", and "evaluator". This modularity enabled ablation studies, which revealed the importance of (off-platform) meta-learning, ensembling, and efficient data management. Experiments on heterogeneous module combinations further confirm the (local) optimality of the winning solutions. Our challenge legacy includes an ever-lasting benchmark (http://autodl.chalearn.org), the open-sourced code of the winners, and a free "AutoDL self-service".
description: The first three authors contributed equally; This is only a draft version
Charge disproportionation and site-selective local magnetic moments in the post-perovskite-type Fe$_2$O$_3$ under ultra-high pressures
Creators: name: Leonov, I.
name: Rozenberg, G. Kh.
name: Abrikosov, I. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The archetypal $3d$ Mott insulator hematite, Fe$_2$O$_3$, is one of the basic oxide components playing an important role in mineralogy of Earth's lower mantle. Its high pressure-temperature behavior, such as the electronic properties, equation of state, and phase stability is of fundamental importance for understanding the properties and evolution of the Earth's interior. Here, we study the electronic structure, magnetic state, and lattice stability of Fe$_2$O$_3$ at ultra-high pressures using the density functional plus dynamical mean-field theory (DFT+DMFT) approach. In the vicinity of a Mott transition, Fe$_2$O$_3$ is found to exhibit a series of complex electronic, magnetic, and structural transformations. In particular, it makes a phase transition to a metal with a post-perovskite crystal structure and site-selective local moments upon compression above 75 GPa. We show that the site-selective phase transition is accompanied by a charge disproportionation of Fe ions, with Fe$^{3\pm δ}$ and $δ\sim 0.05$-$0.09$, implying a complex interplay between electronic correlations and the lattice. Our results suggest that site-selective local moments in Fe$_2$O$_3$ persist up to ultra-high pressures of $\sim$200-250 GPa, i.e., sufficiently above the core-mantle boundary. The latter can have important consequences for understanding of the velocity and density anomalies in the Earth's lower mantle.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures, supplementary
The Submillimeter Array
Creators: name: Ho, Paul T. P.
name: Moran, James M.
name: Lo, Kwok Yung
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Submillimeter Array (SMA), a collaborative project of the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory (SAO) and the Academia Sinica Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics (ASIAA), has begun operation on Mauna Kea in Hawaii. A total of eight 6-m telescopes comprise the array, which will cover the frequency range of 180-900 GHz. All eight telescopes have been deployed and are operational. First scientific results utilizing the three receiver bands at 230, 345, and 690 GHz have been obtained and are presented in the accompanying papers.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures
Statistical mechanical foundations of power-law distributions
Creators: name: Rajagopal, A. K.
name: Abe, Sumiyoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The foundations of the Boltzmann-Gibbs (BG) distributions for describing equilibrium statistical mechanics of systems are examined. Broadly, they fall into: (i) probabilistic paaroaches based on the principle of equal a priori probability (counting technique and method of steepest descents), law of large numbers, or the state density considerations and (ii) a variational scheme -- maximum entropy principle (due to Gibbs and Jaynes) subject to certain constraints. A minimum set of requirements on each of these methods are briefly pointed out: in the first approach, the function space and the counting algorithm while in the second, "additivity" property of the entropy with respect to the composition of statistically independent systems. In the past few decades, a large number of systems, which are not necessarily in thermodynamic equilibrium (such as glasses, for example), have been found to display power-law distributions, which are not describable by the above-mentioned methods. In this paper, parallel to all the inquiries underlying the BG program described above are given in a brief form. In particular, in the probabilistic derivations, one employs a different function space and one gives up "additivity" in the variational scheme with a different form for the entropy. The requirement of stability makes the entropy choice to be that proposed by Tsallis. From this a generalized thermodynamic description of the system in a quasi-equilibrium state is derived. A brief account of a unified consistent formalism associated with systems obeying power-law distributions precursor to the exponential form associated with thermodynamic equilibrium of systems is presented here.
description: 19 pages, no figures. Invited talk at Anomalous Distributions, Nonlinear Dynamics and Nonextensivity, Santa Fe, USA, November 6-9, 2002
An alternative resolution to the Mansuripur paradox
Creators: name: Redfern, Francis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The resolution of Mansuripur's paradox appears in numerous papers in the physics literature, preserves the Lorentz force but depends on the concept of hidden momentum. Here I propose a different resolution based on the overlooked fact that the charge-magnetic dipole system contains linear and angular electromagnetic field momentum. The time rate of change of the field angular momentum in the frame through which the system is moving cancels that due to the charge-electric dipole interaction. From this point of view hidden momentum is not needed in the resolution of the paradox.
description: Five pages, two figures
dMFEA-II: An Adaptive Multifactorial Evolutionary Algorithm for Permutation-based Discrete Optimization Problems
Creators: name: Osaba, Eneko
name: Martinez, Aritz D.
name: Galvez, Akemi
name: Iglesias, Andres
name: Del Ser, Javier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The emerging research paradigm coined as multitasking optimization aims to solve multiple optimization tasks concurrently by means of a single search process. For this purpose, the exploitation of complementarities among the tasks to be solved is crucial, which is often achieved via the transfer of genetic material, thereby forging the Transfer Optimization field. In this context, Evolutionary Multitasking addresses this paradigm by resorting to concepts from Evolutionary Computation. Within this specific branch, approaches such as the Multifactorial Evolutionary Algorithm (MFEA) has lately gained a notable momentum when tackling multiple optimization tasks. This work contributes to this trend by proposing the first adaptation of the recently introduced Multifactorial Evolutionary Algorithm II (MFEA-II) to permutation-based discrete optimization environments. For modeling this adaptation, some concepts cannot be directly applied to discrete search spaces, such as parent-centric interactions. In this paper we entirely reformulate such concepts, making them suited to deal with permutation-based search spaces without loosing the inherent benefits of MFEA-II. The performance of the proposed solver has been assessed over 5 different multitasking setups, composed by 8 datasets of the well-known Traveling Salesman (TSP) and Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problems (CVRP). The obtained results and their comparison to those by the discrete version of the MFEA confirm the good performance of the developed dMFEA-II, and concur with the insights drawn in previous studies for continuous optimization.
description: 7 pages, 0 figures, Camera-ready version of the paper accepted for presentation in The Genetic and Evolutionary Computation Conference 2020 (GECCO 2020)
RAiSE: simulation-based analytical model of AGN jets and lobes
Creators: name: Turner, Ross J.
name: Yates-Jones, Patrick M.
name: Shabala, Stanislav S.
name: Quici, Benjamin
name: Stewart, Georgia S. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an analytical model for the evolution of extended active galactic nuclei (AGNs) throughout their full lifecycle, including the initial jet expansion, lobe formation, and eventual remnant phases. A particular focus of our contribution is on the early jet expansion phase, which is traditionally not well captured in analytical models. We implement this model within the Radio AGN in Semi-Analytic Environments (RAiSE) framework, and find that the predicted radio source dynamics are in good agreement with hydrodynamic simulations of both low-powered Fanaroff-Riley Type-I and high-powered Type-II radio lobes. We construct synthetic synchrotron surface brightness images by complementing the original RAiSE model with the magnetic field and shock-acceleration histories of a set of Lagrangian tracer particles taken from an existing hydrodynamic simulation. We show that a single set of particles is sufficient for an accurate description of the dynamics and observable features of Fanaroff-Riley Type-II radio lobes with very different jet parameters and ambient density profile normalisations. Our new model predicts that the lobes of young (< 10 Myr) sources will be both longer and brighter than expected at the same age from existing analytical models which lack a jet-dominated expansion phase; this finding has important implications for interpretation of radio galaxy observations. The RAiSE code, written in Python, is publicly available on GitHub and PyPI.
description: 22 pages, 11 figures, 1 table; accepted in MNRAS
title: 01_2480
Creators: name: Wesley Baldwin, John
name: Baldwin, John W.
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: L'ensemble de ces notes ont été crée par John Baldwin lors d'une de ses premières périodes de résidence à Paris. Ces documents comprennent tous les magistri qu’il avait pu rencontrer dans ses sources. Aux XIIème et XIIIème siècles, les universités n'existant pas encore, le titre de magister s'il évoque certainement une compétence n'est pas rattaché de façon systématique au passage par les écoles. De surcroît, les magistris sont le plus souvent désignés par leur seul prénom. La lecture de ces données est donc difficile et suppose un long travail pour tenter d'identifier un individu auquel on pourrait rattacher plusieurs mentions. John Baldwin avait donc renoncé à utiliser ces données pour donner un prolongement à sa magnifique étude sur les gradués d'université et leur emploi par les Capétiens et les Plantagenêts. Néanmoins, il a conservé ces données et elles sont potentiellement très utile dans le cadre de Studium, comme le sont toutes les mentions dans les volumes des Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae de chanoines portant ce titre de magister sans autres précisions. L'ampleur des dépouillements rend ces données très utiles et nous devons une grande reconnaissance à John Baldwin pour avoir pris la peine de faire photocopier ses fiches et de nous les avoir transmises amicalement.
Les données ainsi que les images des fiches sont accessibles sur le site Internet à l'adresse suivante : http://studium-baldwin.lamop.fr/.
Les transcriptions des fiches ont été effectuées par des étudiants de Paris 1 Panthéon - Sorbonne mais elles n'ont pas été corrigées par la suite.
description: Relation: https://lamop.hypotheses.org/
Guidelines for enhancing data locality in selected machine learning algorithms
Creators: name: Chakroun, Imen
name: Aa, Tom Vander
name: Ashby, Thomas J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: To deal with the complexity of the new bigger and more complex generation of data, machine learning (ML) techniques are probably the first and foremost used. For ML algorithms to produce results in a reasonable amount of time, they need to be implemented efficiently. In this paper, we analyze one of the means to increase the performances of machine learning algorithms which is exploiting data locality. Data locality and access patterns are often at the heart of performance issues in computing systems due to the use of certain hardware techniques to improve performance. Altering the access patterns to increase locality can dramatically increase performance of a given algorithm. Besides, repeated data access can be seen as redundancy in data movement. Similarly, there can also be redundancy in the repetition of calculations. This work also identifies some of the opportunities for avoiding these redundancies by directly reusing computation results. We start by motivating why and how a more efficient implementation can be achieved by exploiting reuse in the memory hierarchy of modern instruction set processors. Next we document the possibilities of such reuse in some selected machine learning algorithms.
description: European Commission Project: EPEEC - European joint Effort toward a Highly Productive Programming Environment for Heterogeneous Exascale Computing (EC-H2020-80151) This an extended version of arXiv:1904.11203
Nyssodrysternum impensum Monne 1985
Creators: name: Monné, Miguel A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2005
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Cerambycidae
Nyssodrysternum
Nyssodrysternum impensum

description: 15.  Nyssodrysternum impensum  Monné, 1985
Type locality — Brazil, Rondônia: Ouro Preto do Oeste. (MNRJ). Distribution — French Guiana, Brazil (Amazonas, Rondônia).
 Nyssodrysternum impensum Monné, 1985e: 542, fig. 5; Julio et al., 2000: 43 (holotype).
description: Published as part of Monné, Miguel A., 2005, Catalogue of the Cerambycidae (Coleoptera) of the Neotropical Region. Part II. Subfamily Lamiinae, pp. 1-760 in Zootaxa 1023 (1) on pages 1-760, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.946.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5049553
Neighborhood models of minority opinion spreading
Creators: name: Tessone, C. J.
name: Toral, R.
name: Amengual, P.
name: Wio, H. S.
name: Miguel, M. San
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effect of finite size population in Galam's model [Eur. Phys. J. B 25 (2002) 403] of minority opinion spreading and introduce neighborhood models that account for local spatial effects. For systems of different sizes N, the time to reach consensus is shown to scale as ln N in the original version, while the evolution is much slower in the new neighborhood models. The threshold value of the initial concentration of minority supporters for the defeat of the initial majority, which is independent of N in Galam's model, goes to zero with growing system size in the neighborhood models. This is a consequence of the existence of a critical size for the growth of a local domain of minority supporters.
Nyssodrysternum laterale
Creators: name: Monné, Miguel A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2005
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Cerambycidae
Nyssodrysternum
Nyssodrysternum laterale

description: 17. Nyssodrysternum laterale (Melzer, 1931)
Type locality — Brazil, São Paulo: Assis. (MZSP). Distribution — Brazil (Pernambuco to São Paulo).
 Nyssodrys lateralis Melzer, 1931a: 71, pl. 14, fig. 24; Carvalho & Carvalho, 1939: 51 (distr.); Zikán & Zikán, 1944: 39 (distr.); Zikán & Wygodzinsky, 1948: 59 (type); Zajciw, 1958a: 20 (distr.).
 Cicanyssodrys lateralis; Gilmour, 1965: 601 (cat.); Zajciw, 1972a: 65 (distr.); 1974a: 75 (distr.).
 Nyssodrysternum laterale; Monné, 1985e: 537.
description: Published as part of Monné, Miguel A., 2005, Catalogue of the Cerambycidae (Coleoptera) of the Neotropical Region. Part II. Subfamily Lamiinae, pp. 1-760 in Zootaxa 1023 (1) on pages 1-760, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.946.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5049553
Theoretical Performance of LoRa System in Multi-Path and Interference Channels
Creators: name: Demeslay, Clement
name: Rostaing, Philippe
name: Gautier, Roland
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This paper presents a semi-analytical approximation of Symbol Error Rate (SER) for the well known LoRa Internet of Things (IoT) modulation scheme in the following two scenarios: 1) in multi-path frequency selective fading channel with Additive White Gaussian Noise (AW GN) and 2) in the presence of a second interfering LoRa user in flat-fading AW GN channel. Performances for both coherent and non-coherent cases are derived by considering the common Discrete Fourier transform (DF T) based detector on the received LoRa waveform. By considering these two scenarios, the detector exhibits parasitic peaks that severely degrade the performance of the LoRa receiver. We propose in that sense a theoretical expression for this result, from which a unified framework based on peak detection probabilities allows us to derive SER, which is validated by Monte Carlo simulations. Fast computation of the derived closedform SER allows to carry out deep performance analysis for these two scenarios.
Experimental investigations on the interactions between the process parameters of hot forming and the resulting residual stresses in the component
Creators: name: Behrens, Bernd-Arno
name: Brunotte, Kai
name: Wester, Hendrik
name: Kock, Christoph
Publisher: name: Amsterdam [u.a.] : Elsevier
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Forming parameters
subject: Hot forming process
subject: Residual stresses
subject: Thermo mechanical process
subject: X-ray diffraction
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau

description: In metal forming, the arising residual stresses influence the material behaviour during manufacturing as well as the performance of the final component. In the past, the focus of forming process design was on minimising or eliminating residual stresses. However, residual stresses can also serve to improve the properties of the components through targeted use, for example with regard to distortions or wear behaviour. For this purpose, knowledge of the interactions between the process parameters of the hot forming process and the resulting residual stresses in the final component is required. In this work, the influences of the process parameters are analysed by means of a reference process of hot forming. In this process, cylindrical specimens with eccentric holes are hot-formed, which leads to an inhomogeneous stress distribution in the material as it occurs in an industrial hot forming process. In the reference process, forming temperature, cooling strategy, forming speed, degree of deformation and steel alloys are varied. It is observed that both, process parameters and material properties, have a significant influence on the resulting residual stresses. Mainly responsible for these phenomena are microstructural effects in the material. As a result of forming at temperatures between 1000 °C and 1200 °C, static and dynamic recrystallisation processes occur, which affect the austenite grain size. The austenite grain size as well as the cooling strategy have a significant influence on the microstructure transformation behaviour, which has a decisive effect on the resulting residual stresses. In addition, the cooling strategy determines whether a diffusion-free phase transformation or a diffusion-controlled phase transformation occurs. At high cooling rates, diffusion-free transformation of the austenitic into the martensitic phase takes place, which leads to severe stresses in the crystal lattice. During diffusion-controlled phase transformation, which occurs during air cooling, comparatively lower residual stresses in the range of zero can be observed.
Supersymmetric Radius Stabilization in Warped Extra Dimensions
Creators: name: Maru, Nobuhito
name: Okada, Nobuchika
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a simple model of extra-dimensional radius stabilization in a supersymmetric Randall-Sundrum model. In our model, we introduce only a bulk hypermultiplet and source terms (tadpole terms) on each boundary branes. With appropriate choice of model parameters, we find that the radius can be stabilized by supersymmetric vacuum conditions. Since the radion mass can be much larger than the gravitino mass and even the original supersymmetry breaking scale, radius stability is ensured even in the presence of supersymmetry breaking. We find a parameter region in which unwanted scalar masses induced by quantum corrections through the bulk hypermultiplet and a bulk gravity multiplet are suppressed and the anomaly mediation contribution dominates.
description: 14 pages, LaTeX, accepted version in PRD
First-order phase transition and fate of false vacuum remnants
Creators: name: Kawana, Kiyoharu
name: Lu, Philip
name: Xie, Ke-Pan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: False vacuum remnants in first-order phase transitions in the early Universe can form compact objects which may constitute dark matter. Such remnants form because particles develop large mass gaps between the two phases and become trapped in the old phase. We focus on remnants generated in a class of models with trapped dark sector particles, trace their development, and determine their ultimate fate. Depending on model and phase transition parameters, the evolutionary endpoint of these remnants can be primordial black holes, Fermi-balls, Q-balls, or thermal balls, and they all have the potential to constitute some portion or the whole of dark matter within a broad mass range. Notably, dark sector thermal balls can remain at high temperatures until the present day and are a new compact dark matter candidate which derives its energy from the thermal energy of internal particles instead of their mass or quantum pressure.
description: 13 pages + appendix and references, 1 figure
Software system deployment process: A systematic mapping study - APPENDIX
Creators: name: Panizzi, Marisa Daniela
name: Genero, Marcela
name: Bertone, Rodolfo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 80608 Information Systems Development Methodologies
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Software system deployment process: A systematic mapping study - Appendix
Atomic Bose and Anderson glasses in optical lattices
Creators: name: Damski, B.
name: Zakrzewski, J.
name: Santos, L.
name: Zoller, P.
name: Lewenstein, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An ultra cold atomic Bose gas in an optical lattice is shown to provide an ideal system for the controlled analysis of disordered Bose lattice gases. This goal may be easily achieved under the current experimental conditions, by introducing a pseudo-random potential created by a second additional lattice or, alternatively, by placing a speckle pattern on the main lattice. We show that for a non commensurable filling factor, in the strong interaction limit, a controlled growing of the disorder drives a dynamical transition from superfluid to Bose-glass phase. Similarly, in the weak interaction limit, a dynamical transition from superfluid to Anderson-glass phase may be observed. In both regimes, we show that even very low-intensity disorder-inducing lasers cause large modifications of the superfluid fraction of the system.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures. Minor changes. To appear in Phys. Rev. Lett. (2003)
Exploring the effects of the Common Agricultural Policy on food and nutrition security indicators in developing countries in the past, present and near future
Creators: name: Helming, John
name: Philippidis, George
name: Terluin, Ida
name: Berkhout, Petra
name: Helming, John
name: Philippidis, George
name: Terluin, Ida
name: Berkhout, Petra
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
International Development

description: In this paper the impact of the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) on Food and Nutrition Security (FNS) indicators in Sub-Saharan (SSA) is explored, in which both the CAP in the past, the present and the future is taken into account. FNS is approached by indicators on agricultural production, food consumption, world market prices, agricultural exports, agricultural imports and calorie intake per capita. The analysis of the impact of the past and current CAP on FNS is based on literature review; for exploring impacts of the future CAP 2020-2030 on FNS three policy scenarios are developed – a baseline scenario, a CAP Eliminating scenario and a CAP Greening scenario - which are simulated with the MAGNET model. Our findings show that the impact of the CAP on FNS in Sub Sahara Africa (SSA) is mainly channelled via the impact of the CAP on the level of world market prices. Due to the exports of surplus production (at least partly facilitated by export subsidies) and a low import demand of the EU, CAP in the past exerted a downward pressure on world market prices, which tended to be beneficial for consumers in SSA (cheaper food) and detrimental for producers in SSA (lower prices for agricultural products). As a result of the successive CAP adjustments, under the current CAP EU agricultural commodity prices follow the fluctuations in world market prices and export subsidies have more or less dropped to zero. Hence consumers and producers in in SSA do no longer face a downwards pressure on world market prices due to CAP support. Model simulations of CAP Elimination and CAP Greening show that the future CAP might exert a slight upwards pressure on world market prices due to a small reduction in EU28 agricultural production. It also appears from the model simulations that this that this limited increase hardly provokes an increase in agricultural production in SSA and leaves consumption in SSA unaffected.