cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Higher-order corrections to Higgs-boson decays
Creators: name: Kniehl, Bernd A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review the status of radiative corrections to the decay rates of the Standard-Model Higgs boson in the mass range accessible at LEP~2. Specifically, we consider corrections of ${\cal O}(α)$, ${\cal O}(α_sG_Fm_t^2)$, and ${\cal O}(G_F^2M_H^4)$ to the fermionic decay rates and two-loop QCD corrections to the hadronic decay rates.
description: 6 pages, latex, ps figure appended, talk at Teupitz 1994/04
Helix lucorum Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Bryozoa
Gastropoda
Stylommatophora
Helicidae
Helix
Helix lucorum

description: Helix lucorum [spec. nov.]
H. testa imperforata subrotunda laevi fasciata, apertura oblonga fusca.
Gualt. test. t. 1. f. C.
Habitat in Europae arboribus.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 773, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
interTwin D7.8 Final version of the thematic module for the physics domain
Creators: name: Sinha Ray, Gaurav
name: Komijani, Javad
name: Campos, Isabel
name: Pidopryhora, Yurii
name: Vallero, Sara
name: Sarandrea, Francesco
name: Asprea, Lorenzo
name: Vallecorsaq, Sofia
name: Tsolaki, Kalliopi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: DT Thematic Modules
Radio Astronomy
Gravitational Waves
High Energy Physics
Machine Learning

description: interTwin co-designs and implements the prototype of an interdisciplinary Digital Twin Engine (DTE). The DTE will be an open-source platform that includes software components for modelling and simulation to integrate application-specific Digital Twins (DTs). InterTwin’s WP7 will provide the aforementioned sets of software components, called thematic modules, for the use cases defined in WP4. This report describes the status of the development of the final version of thematic modules in the physics domain.
Electronic spectrum of twisted graphene layers under heterostrain
Creators: name: Huder, L.
name: Artaud, A.
name: Quang, T. Le
name: de Laissardière, G. Trambly
name: Jansen, A. G. M.
name: Lapertot, G.
name: Chapelier, C.
name: Renard, V. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate that stacking layered materials allows a novel type of strain engineering where each layer is strained independently, which we call heterostrain. We combine detailed structural and spectroscopic measurements with tight-binding calculations to show that small uniaxial heterostrain suppresses Dirac cones and leads to the emergence of flat bands in twisted graphene layers (TGLs). Moreover, we demonstrate that heterostrain reconstructs much more severely the energy spectrum of TGLs than homostrain for which both layers are strained identically ; a result which should apply to virtually all van der Waals structure opening exciting possibilities for straintronics with 2D materials.
description: Main text + supplementary information
Profiles of dark haloes: evolution, scatter, and environment
Creators: name: Bullock, James S.
name: Kolatt, Tsafrir S.
name: Sigad, Yair
name: Somerville, Rachel S.
name: Kravtsov, Andrey V.
name: Klypin, Anatoly A.
name: Primack, Joel R.
name: Dekel, Avishai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study dark-matter halo density profiles in a high-resolution N-body simulation of an LCDM cosmology. Our statistical sample contains ~5000 haloes in the range 10^{11}-10^{14} M_sun. The profiles are parameterized by an NFW form with two parameters, an inner radius r_s and a virial radius r_v, and we define the halo concentration c_v = r_v/r_s. First, we find that, for a given halo mass, the redshift dependence of the median concentration is c_v ~ 1/(1+z), corresponding to a roughly constant r_s with redshift. We present an improved analytic treatment of halo formation that fits the measured relations between halo parameters and their redshift dependence. The implications are that high-redshift galaxies are predicted to be more extended and dimmer than expected before. Second, we find that the scatter in log(c_v) is ~0.18, corresponding to a scatter in maximum rotation velocities of dV/V ~ 0.12. We discuss implications for modelling the Tully-Fisher relation, which has a smaller reported intrinsic scatter. Third, haloes in dense environments tend to be more concentrated than isolated haloes. These results suggest that c_v is an essential parameter for the theory of galaxy modelling, and we briefly discuss implications for the universality of the Tully-Fisher relation, the formation of low surface brightness galaxies, and the origin of the Hubble sequence.
description: Version accepted by MNRAS, includes additional resolution tests, 18 pages, 13 figures Toy model code made available: http://www.astronomy.ohio-state.edu/~james/CVIR/parts.html
Gérer son manuscrit de thèse avec Microsoft Word
Creators: name: Léa Gonnet
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Word
Traitement de texte
Manuscrit de thèse
Thèse
Rédaction

description: Objectif de la formation • Maîtriser la feuille de style et ses fonctionnalités de mise en forme avec Microsoft Word.

IMPORTANT : retrouvez la feuille de style Sorbonne Université pour la thèse (Sciences, Médecine) sur cette page.

En complément, les tutoriels de la BSU :

Tutoriel Word 1/2 : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gNuTzEHy6k0

Tutoriel Word 2/2 : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7LCUcW1qIZM
Enhanced OH in C-type shock waves in molecular clouds
Creators: name: Wardle, Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cosmic-ray and X-ray ionisations in molecular gas produce a weak far-ultraviolet flux through the radiative decay of H2 molecules that have been excited by collisions with energetic electrons (the Prasad-Tarafdar mechanism). I consider the effect of this dissociating flux on the oxygen chemistry in C-type shocks. Typically a few percent of the water molecules produced within the shock front are dissociated before the gas has cooled to 50K. The resulting column density of warm OH rises from 10^15 to 10^16 cm^-2 as the ionisation rate is increased from 10^-17 (typical of dark clouds) to 10^-15 s^-1 (adjacent to supernova remnants). These column densities produce substantial emission in the far-infrared rotational transitions of OH, and are consistent with the OH/H2O ratios inferred from ISO observations of emission from molecular shocks. For high ionisation rates the column of warm OH is sufficient to explain the OH(1720 MHz) masers that occur where molecular clouds are being shocked by supernova remnants. The predicted abundance of OH throughout the shock front will enable C-type shocks to be examined with high spectral resolution through radio observations of the four hyperfine ground state transitions of OH at 18cm and heterodyne measurements of emission in the FIR (e.g. from SOFIA)
description: 5 pp incl 3 figs, LaTeX, uses emulateapj.sty; ApJ Letters in press. Revised 2nd paragraph of discussion
title: Mathematical models of new magnetoelastic sensor for measure of power and vibration parameters
Creators: name: Fayzullayev, J.S.
Publisher: name: Tashkent Chemical-Technological Institute
Year: 2021

description: In the paper, the mathematical models of the new magnetoelastic sensor for measuring power and vibration parameters are developed taking into account the aggregation or scattering of the parameters of electromagnetic chains and the characteristics of the magnetization curve of the magnetic conductor material. The analysis of the generated mathematical models and graphs based on them showed that the magnetic chain in which the coils are assembled does not take into account the nonlinearity of the magnetization curve of the magnetic conductive material (electrotechnical steel), the result is 12 ÷ 15% of the experimental results. It varies by 6 ÷ 8%. The result differs by 10 ÷ 12% from the experimental results, and 5 ÷ 7% from the non-linearity of the magnetization curve.
Double Asymptotic Scaling at HERA
Creators: name: Ball, R. D.
name: Forte, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Perturbative QCD predicts that at sufficiently large $Q^2$ and small $x$ nucleon structure functions should exhibit scaling in the two variables $\sqrt{\ln\smallfrac{1}{x}\ln\ln Q^2}$ and $\sqrt{\ln\smallfrac{1}{x}\big/\ln\ln Q^2}$, provided only that the small-$x$ behaviour of the input to the perturbative QCD evolution is sufficiently soft. We derive these asymptotic results by writing the gluonic Altarelli--Parisi equation at small $x$ as a two--dimensional wave equation, which propagates the gluon distribution from its boundaries into the asymptotic region. We then show that the existing experimental data on $F_2^p(x,Q^2)$ from HERA provide a remarkable confirmation of both of these scaling predictions. The so--called `hard' pomeron, which does not scale, may thus be excluded by more than three standard deviations, at least in the presently accessible kinematical regime. We propose that existing and future data from HERA should be binned in the two scaling variables, in order to search for scaling violations.
description: 15 pages, 10 figures in compressed postscript, TeX with harvmac, CERN-TH.7265/94, normalization error corrected, and a few minor revisions
Near-Infrared Galaxy Surveys in 2D, 3D & 4D
Creators: name: Mamon, G. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The completeness and reliability of the DENIS IJK survey and the EDSGC (derived from the COSMOS scans of USKT plates) are obtained by detailed cross-identifications and systematic visual inspections of conflictual classifications. The DENIS galaxy extraction turns out to be over 95% complete and reliable out to I < 16, while the COSMOS/EDSGC galaxy catalogue is less than 80% complete and reliable at B_J = 17.5, and even less than 10% complete at B_J < 14.5. Spectroscopic followups of DENIS and the similar Near-IR 2MASS survey are described: 1) a redshift survey of 120,000 galaxies using the 6dF robotic multi-fiber spectrograph, currently under construction at the UKST, and for which a total of 300 nights are guaranteed for 2001-2003, 2) a peculiar velocity survey of 12,000 early-type galaxies with the 6dF, and 3) the DENIS-HI peculiar velocity survey of 5000 inclined spirals visible from Nancay (delta > -38 deg), which has just begun. The DENIS-HI and 6dF peculiar velocity samples will have the strong advantage of covering entire regions of the southern sky, and combined, will multiply by 10 and 4 respectively the projected and space number densities of objects in the Southern sky. These two surveys should thus provide considerably more accurate estimates of the bulk flow, Omega_matter^{0.6}/bias, Omega_matter itself, and the primordial density fluctuation spectrum.
description: Workshop on Cosmic Flows, held in Victoria, BC, Canada, July 13-17, 1999, ed. S. Courteau, M. Strauss & J. Willick, ASP series. 4 pages, LaTeX2e, 2 figures (encapsulated using `graphics'). Uses paspconf.sty (included)
Extended and broad Lyman alpha emission around a BAL quasar at z~5
Creators: name: Ginolfi, Michele
name: Maiolino, Roberto
name: Carniani, Stefano
name: Battaia, Fabrizio Arrigoni
name: Cantalupo, Sebastiano
name: Schneider, Raffaella
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we report deep MUSE observations of a Broad Absorption Line (BAL) quasar at z ~ 5, revealing a Lyman alpha nebula with a maximum projected linear size of ~ 60 kpc around the quasar (down to our 2-sigma SB limit per layer of ~ 9e-19 erg/s/cm^2/arcsec^2 for a 1 arcsec^2 aperture). After correcting for the cosmological surface brightness dimming, we find that our nebula, at z ~ 5, has an intrinsically less extended Lyman alpha emission than nebulae at lower redshift. However, such a discrepancy is greatly reduced when referring to comoving distances, which take into account the cosmological growth of dark matter (DM) haloes, suggesting a positive correlation between the size of Lyman alpha nebulae and the sizes of DM haloes/structures around quasars. Differently from the typical nebulae around radio-quiet non-BAL quasars, in the inner regions (~ 10 kpc) of the circumgalactic medium (CGM) of our source, the velocity dispersion of the Lyman alpha emission is very high (FWHM > 1000 km/s), suggesting that in our case we may be probing outflowing material associated with the quasar.
description: 11 pages, 10 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Non-planar one-loop Parke-Taylor factors in the CHY approach for quadratic propagators
Creators: name: Ahmadiniaz, Naser
name: Gomez, Humberto
name: Lopez-Arcos, Cristhiam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we have studied the Kleiss-Kuijf relations for the recently introduced Parke-Taylor factors at one-loop in the CHY approach, that reproduce quadratic Feynman propagators. By doing this, we were able to identify the non-planar one-loop Parke-Taylor factors. In order to check that, in fact, these new factors can describe non-planar amplitudes, we applied them to the bi-adjoint $Φ^3$ theory. As a byproduct, we found a new type of graphs that we called the non-planar CHY-graphs. These graphs encode all the information for the subleading order at one-loop, and there is not an equivalent of these in the Feynman formalism.
description: 35 pages, typos corrected, references added
A Global Analysis of the Top Quark Couplings to Gauge Bosons
Creators: name: Malkawi, Ehab
name: Yuan, C. --P
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose to probe the electroweak symmetry breaking sector by measuring the effective couplings of the top quark to gauge bosons. Using precision LEP data, we constrain the non--universal couplings of t-t-Z and t-b-W, parameterized by $κ_{L}^{NC}$, $κ_{R}^{NC}$, $κ_{L}^{CC}$ and $κ_{R}^{CC}$, in the electroweak chiral lagrangian framework. Different scenarios of electroweak symmetry breaking will imply different correlations among these parameters. We found that at the order of ${m_t}^{2}\log Λ^2$, in which $Λ\sim 4 πv$ is the cut--off scale of the effective theory, $κ_{L}^{NC}$ is already constrained by LEP data. In models with an approximate custodial symmetry, a positive $κ_{L}^{CC}$ is preferred. $κ_{L}^{CC}$ can be constrained by studying the direct detection of the top quark at the Tevatron and the LHC. At the NLC, $κ_{L}^{NC}$ and $κ_{R}^{NC}$ can be better measured.
description: 41 pages in REVTEX, and 11 figures (not included, available from Authors upon request)
Тенденции развития производства мяса в период цифровой трансформации АПК России
Creators: name: Смирнова В.В.
Publisher: name: Эффективное животноводство
Year: 2024
Subjects: производство мяса
информационные технологии
цифровая трансформация
агрохолдинги
сельскохозяйственные организации
meat production
information technology
digital transformation
agricultural holdings
agricultural organizations

description: В статье проведен анализ развития производства мяса на основе внедрения информационных технологий. Агрохолдинги являются лидерами в применении инноваций, что способствует дальнейшей концентрации производства. За период 20162022 гг. доля крупнейших сельскохозяйственных предприятий в производстве мяса увеличилась с 44% до 58%. Проблемы ограничения доступа к импортным технологиям, возникшие из-за антироссийских санкций, преодолеваются за счет государственной поддержки отечественных проектов.
description: The article analyzes the development of meat production based on the introduction of information technologies. Agricultural holdings are leaders in the application of innovations, which contributes to further concentration of production. During the period 2016-2022, the share of the largest agricultural enterprises in meat production increased from 44% to 58%. The problems of restricting access to imported technologies that arose due to anti-Russian sanctions are being overcome through state support for domestic projects.
Thermal Equilibrium Curves and Turbulent Mixing in Keplerian Accretion Disks
Creators: name: Gu, Pin-Gao
name: Vishniac, Ethan T.
name: Cannizzo, John K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider vertical heat transport in Keplerian accretion disks, including the effects of radiation, convection, and turbulent mixing driven by the Balbus-Hawley instability, in astronomical systems ranging from dwarf novae (DNe), and soft X-ray transients (SXTs), to active galactic nuclei (AGN). We propose a modified, anisotropic form of mixing-length theory, which includes radiative and turbulent damping. We also include turbulent heat transport, which acts everywhere within disks, regardless of whether or not they are stably stratified, and can move entropy in either direction. We have generated a series of vertical structure models and thermal equilibrium curves using the scaling law for the viscosity parameter $α$ suggested by the exponential decay of the X-ray luminosity in SXTs. We have also included equilibrium curves for DNe using an $α$ which is constant down to a small magnetic Reynolds number ($\sim 10^4$). Our models indicate that weak convection is usually eliminated by turbulent radial mixing. The substitution of turbulent heat transport for convection is more important on the unstable branches of thermal equilibrium S-curves when $α$ is larger. The low temperature turnover points $Σ_{max}$ on the equilibrium S-curves are significantly reduced by turbulent mixing in DNe and SXT disks. However, in AGN disks the standard mixing-length theory for convection is still a useful approximation when we use the scaling law for $α$, since these disks are very thin at the relevant radii. In accordance with previous work, we find that constant $α$ models give almost vertical S-curves in the $Σ-T$ plane and consequently imply very slow, possibly oscillating, cooling waves.
description: 43 pages, 12 figures, 6 tables, to be published in ApJ
Additional file 1: of Teledermatology scale-up frameworks: a structured review and critique
Creators: name: Laticha Walters
name: Scott, Richard
name: Mars, Maurice
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Science Policy

description: Details of characterisation of the identified frameworks. Detailed listing of characterisation of identified frameworks split into Abbreviation, Research methods, Theoretical foundations, Components, Considerations and relationships, Real-world implementation; (DOCX 240Â kb)
Sea-quark Content of Nucleons from Proton-induced Drell-Yan Production
Creators: name: Ma, Bo-Qiang
name: Schaefer, Andreas
name: Greiner, Walter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyse the proton-induced Drell-Yan production in both the flavor asymmetry and isospin breaking explanations for the violation of the Gottfried sum rule. Consequences from three different forms of corrections to the flavor and isospin symmetric parton distributions are examined. It is found that the calculated results are sensitive to the choices of parameters and parton distributions, and to the ways the corrections are introduced. All three forms of corrections could be consistent with the recent Fermilab Experiment E772 data for the ratio of cross section $R=σ_{W}/σ_{IS}$ and for the shape of the differential cross section $m^{3}d^{2}σ/dx_{F}dm$ for $^{2}$H.
Dynamic hysteresis from bistability in an antiferromagnetic spinor condensate
Creators: name: Swisłocki, Tomasz
name: Zembrzuski, Andrzej
name: Matuszewski, Michał
name: Witkowska, Emilia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the emergence of hysteresis during the process of quantum phase transition from an antiferromagnetic to a phase-separated state in a spin-1 Bose Einstein condensate of ultracold atoms. We explicitly demonstrate the appearance of a hysteresis loop with various quench times showing that it is rate-independent for large magnetizations only. In other cases scaling of the hysteresis loop area is observed, which we explain by using the Kibble-Zurek theory in the limit of small magnetization. The effect of an external harmonic trapping potential is also discussed.
On the least action principle in cosmology
Creators: name: Nusser, Adi
name: Branchini, Enzo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Given the present distribution of mass tracing objects in an expanding universe, we develop and test a fast method for recovering their past orbits using the least action principle. In this method, termed FAM for Fast Action Minimization, the orbits are expanded in a set of orthogonal time-base functions satisfying the appropriate boundary conditions at the initial and final times. The conjugate gradient method is applied to locate the extremum of the action in the space of the expansion coefficients of the orbits. The TREECODE gravity solver routine is used for computing the gravitational fields appearing in the action and its gradients. The time integration of the Lagrangian is done using Gaussian quadratures. FAM allows us to increase the number of galaxies used in previous numerical action principle implementations by more than one order of magnitude. For example, orbits for the $\sim 15,000$ IRAS PSC$z$ galaxies can be recovered in $\sim 12,000$ CPU seconds on a 400MHz DEC-Alpha machine. FAM can recover the present peculiar velocities of particles and the initial fluctuations field. It successfully recovers the flow field down to clusters scales, where deviations of the flow from the Zel'dovich solution are significant. We also show how to recover orbits from the present distribution of objects as in redshift space by direct minimization of a modified action, without iterating the solution between real and redshift spaces.
description: 12 pages (mn style), 4 separate figures (gif) Submitted to MNRAS
Additional file 2 of A phase II randomized trial of sodium oligomannate in Alzheimer’s dementia
Creators: name: Wang, Tao
name: Kuang, Weihong
name: Chen, Wei
name: Xu, Wenwei
name: Zhang, Liming
name: Li, Yingjie
name: Li, Hailin
name: Peng, Ying
name: Chen, Yangmei
name: Wang, Baojun
name: Xiao, Jinsong
name: Li, Honghua
name: Yan, Chuanzhu
name: Du, Yifeng
name: Tang, Mouni
name: He, Zhiyi
name: Chen, Haibo
name: Li, Wei
name: Lin, Hong
name: Shi, Shugui
name: Bi, Jianzhong
name: Zhou, Huadong
name: Cheng, Yan
name: Gao, Xiaoping
name: Guan, Yihui
name: Huang, Qiu
name: Chen, Kewei
name: Xin, Xianliang
name: Ding, Jian
name: Geng, Meiyu
name: Xiao, Shifu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mental Health

description: Additional file 2.
LOFAR 150-MHz observations of SS 433 and W 50
Creators: name: Broderick, J. W.
name: Fender, R. P.
name: Miller-Jones, J. C. A.
name: Trushkin, S. A.
name: Stewart, A. J.
name: Anderson, G. E.
name: Staley, T. D.
name: Blundell, K. M.
name: Pietka, M.
name: Markoff, S.
name: Rowlinson, A.
name: Swinbank, J. D.
name: van der Horst, A. J.
name: Bell, M. E.
name: Breton, R. P.
name: Carbone, D.
name: Corbel, S.
name: Eislöffel, J.
name: Falcke, H.
name: Grießmeier, J. -M.
name: Hessels, J. W. T.
name: Kondratiev, V. I.
name: Law, C. J.
name: Molenaar, G. J.
name: Serylak, M.
name: Stappers, B. W.
name: van Leeuwen, J.
name: Wijers, R. A. M. J.
name: Wijnands, R.
name: Wise, M. W.
name: Zarka, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present LOFAR high-band data over the frequency range 115-189 MHz for the X-ray binary SS 433, obtained in an observing campaign from 2013 February - 2014 May. Our results include a deep, wide-field map, allowing a detailed view of the surrounding supernova remnant W 50 at low radio frequencies, as well as a light curve for SS 433 determined from shorter monitoring runs. The complex morphology of W 50 is in excellent agreement with previously published higher-frequency maps; we find additional evidence for a spectral turnover in the eastern wing, potentially due to foreground free-free absorption. Furthermore, SS 433 is tentatively variable at 150 MHz, with both a debiased modulation index of 11 per cent and a $χ^2$ probability of a flat light curve of $8.2 \times 10^{-3}$. By comparing the LOFAR flux densities with contemporaneous observations carried out at 4800 MHz with the RATAN-600 telescope, we suggest that an observed $\sim$0.5-1 Jy rise in the 150-MHz flux density may correspond to sustained flaring activity over a period of approximately six months at 4800 MHz. However, the increase is too large to be explained with a standard synchrotron bubble model. We also detect a wealth of structure along the nearby Galactic plane, including the most complete detection to date of the radio shell of the candidate supernova remnant G 38.7-1.4. This further demonstrates the potential of supernova remnant studies with the current generation of low-frequency radio telescopes.
description: 19 pages, 8 figures, 4 tables, accepted for publication in MNRAS
QED With Unequal Charges: A study of spontaneous Zn symmetry breaking
Creators: name: Hansson, T. H.
name: Nielsen, H. B.
name: Zahed, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study two-dimensional QED with unequal charges at finite temperature, and show that there is a phase with a spontaneously broken $Z_n$ symmetry. In spite of this, we were not able to establish the presence of domain walls. The relevance for QCD in higher dimensions is discussed.
description: 14 Pages
The AGINAO Self-Programming Engine
Creators: name: Skaba, Wojciech
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The AGINAO is a project to create a human-level artificial general intelligence system (HL AGI) embodied in the Aldebaran Robotics' NAO humanoid robot. The dynamical and open-ended cognitive engine of the robot is represented by an embedded and multi-threaded control program, that is self-crafted rather than hand-crafted, and is executed on a simulated Universal Turing Machine (UTM). The actual structure of the cognitive engine emerges as a result of placing the robot in a natural preschool-like environment and running a core start-up system that executes self-programming of the cognitive layer on top of the core layer. The data from the robot's sensory devices supplies the training samples for the machine learning methods, while the commands sent to actuators enable testing hypotheses and getting a feedback. The individual self-created subroutines are supposed to reflect the patterns and concepts of the real world, while the overall program structure reflects the spatial and temporal hierarchy of the world dependencies. This paper focuses on the details of the self-programming approach, limiting the discussion of the applied cognitive architecture to a necessary minimum.
description: Journal of Artificial General Intelligence
On the Computational Complexity of Curing the Sign Problem
Creators: name: Marvian, Milad
name: Lidar, Daniel A.
name: Hen, Itay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum many-body systems whose Hamiltonians are non-stoquastic, i.e., have positive off-diagonal matrix elements in a given basis, are known to pose severe limitations on the efficiency of Quantum Monte Carlo algorithms designed to simulate them, due to the infamous sign problem. We study the computational complexity associated with `curing' non-stoquastic Hamiltonians, i.e., transforming them into sign-problem-free ones. We prove that if such transformations are limited to single-qubit Clifford group elements or general single-qubit orthogonal matrices, finding the curing transformation is NP-complete. We discuss the implications of this result.
description: 6+6 pages, Comments welcome
Additional file 1: of SERO-prevalence of herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2 among women attending routine Cervicare clinics in Ghana
Creators: name: Debrah, Oksana
name: Agyemang-Yeboah, Francis
name: Asmah, Richard
name: Timmy-Donkoh, Emmanuel
name: Seini, Mohammed
name: Fondjo, Linda
name: Nilok Sight
name: Owusu-Dabo, Ellis
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Science Policy

description: Questionnaire. (DOCX 19 kb)
title: Methodology for determination and assessment of uncertainty sources of textile materials total thermal resistance
Creators: name: Abdukayumov, A.A.
name: Hakimov, O.Sh.
Publisher: name: Tashkent Chemical-Technological Institute
Year: 2021

description: The problems of improving of methods for determination of the total thermal resistance of textile materials are considered. A comparative analysis of the applied methods based on stationary and non-stationary heat exchange is performed. A higher accuracy of non-stationary methods based on measuring the cooling time of a heat cell with subsequent determination of the cooling rate and the total thermal resistance of the material under study is noted. A method is proposed for estimating the variance of the main values required for calculating the total thermal resistance of materials. The results of the study of the relationship between sources of uncertainty of the measurement result of the total thermal resistance of textile materials are presented.
Superluminous supernovae
Creators: name: Moriya, Takashi J.
name: Sorokina, Elena I.
name: Chevalier, Roger A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Superluminous supernovae are a new class of supernovae that were recognized about a decade ago. Both observational and theoretical progress has been significant in the last decade. In this review, we first briefly summarize the observational properties of superluminous supernovae. We then introduce the three major suggested luminosity sources to explain the huge luminosities of superluminous supernovae, i.e., the nuclear decay of 56Ni, the interaction between supernova ejecta and dense circumstellar media, and the spin down of magnetars. We compare these models and discuss their strengths and weaknesses.
description: 45 pages, 6 figures, a refereed review article to be published in Space Science Reviews
Diffuse Galactic Soft Gamma-Ray Emission
Creators: name: Boggs, S. E.
name: Lin, R. P.
name: Slassi-Sennou, S.
name: Coburn, W.
name: Pelling, R. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Galactic diffuse soft gamma-ray (30-800 keV) emission has been measured from the Galactic Center by the HIREGS balloon-borne germanium spectrometer to determine the spectral characteristics and origin of the emission. The resulting Galactic diffuse continuum is found to agree well with a single power-law (plus positronium) over the entire energy range, consistent with RXTE and COMPTEL/CGRO observations at lower and higher energies, respectively. We find no evidence of spectral steepening below 200 keV, as has been reported in previous observations. The spatial distribution along the Galactic ridge is found to be nearly flat, with upper limits set on the longitudinal gradient, and with no evidence of an edge in the observed region. The soft gamma-ray diffuse spectrum is well modeled by inverse Compton scattering of interstellar radiation off of cosmic-ray electrons, minimizing the need to invoke inefficient nonthermal bremsstrahlung emission. The resulting power requirement is well within that provided by Galactic supernovae. We speculate that the measured spectrum provides the first direct constraints on the cosmic-ray electron spectrum below 300 MeV.
description: 26 pages, 7 figure, submitted to ApJ
Evaluating Actuators in a Purely Information-Theory Based Reward Model
Creators: name: Skaba, Wojciech
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: AGINAO builds its cognitive engine by applying self-programming techniques to create a hierarchy of interconnected codelets - the tiny pieces of code executed on a virtual machine. These basic processing units are evaluated for their applicability and fitness with a notion of reward calculated from self-information gain of binary partitioning of the codelet's input state-space. This approach, however, is useless for the evaluation of actuators. Instead, a model is proposed in which actuators are evaluated by measuring the impact that an activation of an effector, and consequently the feedback from the robot sensors, has on average reward received by the processing units.
description: IEEE SSCI 2013, Singapore
Using custom Galaxy workflows to reproducibly search for bacteriophage spanin proteins reveals distinct population distributions
Creators: name: Snowden, Jason
name: Ross, Curtis
name: Ramsey, Jolene
name: Ry Young
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2021

description: Bacteriophage (phage), bacterial viruses, are currently under investigation for use as therapeutics against antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Careful phage genome annotation is essential in that effort. Galaxy workflows coupled with Apollo allow that needed high-quality annotation. However, most phage genomes undergo automated annotation that neglects known phage features. Genes with unusual genetic architecture, such as those with host cell lysis functions, are often overlooked or missed and therefore not subjected to critical sequence similarity comparisons. In particular, phage spanin proteins, which disrupt the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria, are underrepresented in public databases even though they have programmatically identifiable characteristics. Here, we wrote new Python scripts to search all possible open reading frames for the expected features of the spanins. A spanin-finding Galaxy workflow was applied to all the available genomes of phages deposited in the public NCBI Genbank database infecting either Proteus or Acinetobacter bacterial hosts, both human pathogens of concern. After manual inspection of the results, we found that 89% of the 36 Proteus phages encode spanins while <10% of the 105 Acinetobacter phages have identifiable spanin genes. The low frequency in Acinetobacter phages is surprising and suggests an important avenue of laboratory investigation. These spanin proteins were added to our local, curated collection (see Kongari et al. 2018 BMC Bioinformatics) in a new public data browser at https://cpt.tamu.edu/dbop/proteins. Expansion of the spanin protein collection using our workflow will enable more accurate manual and automated genome annotation throughout the phage community.
Additional file 1 of A phase II randomized trial of sodium oligomannate in Alzheimer’s dementia
Creators: name: Wang, Tao
name: Kuang, Weihong
name: Chen, Wei
name: Xu, Wenwei
name: Zhang, Liming
name: Li, Yingjie
name: Li, Hailin
name: Peng, Ying
name: Chen, Yangmei
name: Wang, Baojun
name: Xiao, Jinsong
name: Li, Honghua
name: Yan, Chuanzhu
name: Du, Yifeng
name: Tang, Mouni
name: He, Zhiyi
name: Chen, Haibo
name: Li, Wei
name: Lin, Hong
name: Shi, Shugui
name: Bi, Jianzhong
name: Zhou, Huadong
name: Cheng, Yan
name: Gao, Xiaoping
name: Guan, Yihui
name: Huang, Qiu
name: Chen, Kewei
name: Xin, Xianliang
name: Ding, Jian
name: Geng, Meiyu
name: Xiao, Shifu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mental Health

description: Additional file 1.
Damped Lyman Alpha Systems vs. Cold + Hot Dark Matter
Creators: name: Klypin, Anatoly
name: Borgani, Stefano
name: Holtzman, Jon
name: Primack, Joel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Although the Cold + Hot Dark Matter (CHDM) cosmology provides perhaps the best fit of any model to all the available data at the current epoch, CHDM produces structure at relatively low redshifts and thus could be ruled out if there were evidence for formation of massive objects at high redshifts. Damped Ly$α$ systems are abundant in quasar absorption spectra and thus provide possibly the most significant evidence for early structure formation, and thus perhaps the most stringent constraint on CHDM. Using the numbers of halos in N-body simulations to normalize Press-Schechter estimates of the number densities of protogalaxies as a function of redshift, we find that CHDM with $Ω_c/Ω_ν/Ω_b = 0.6/0.3/0.1$ is compatible with the damped Ly$α$ data at $\le 2.5$, but that it is probably incompatible with the limited $z>3$ damped Ly$α$ data. The situation is uncertain because there is very little data for $z>3$, and also it is unclear whether all damped Ly$α$ systems are associated with collapsed protogalaxies. The predictions of CHDM are quite sensitive to the hot (neutrino) fraction, and we find that $Ω_c/Ω_ν/Ω_b = 0.675/0.25/0.075$ is compatible even with the $z>3$ data. This corresponds to lowering the neutrino mass from 6.8 to 5.7 eV, for $H_0=50\kmsMpc$. In CHDM, the higher redshift damped Ly$α$ systems are predicted to have lower masses, which can be checked by measuring the velocity widths of the associated metal line systems.
description: submitted to ApJ 16 pages including 3 figures, uuencoded compressed postscript, SCIPP 94/09
Charting generalized supersoft supersymmetry
Creators: name: Chakraborty, Sabyasachi
name: Martin, Adam
name: Roy, Tuhin S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Without any shred of evidence for new physics from LHC, the last hiding spots of natural electroweak supersymmetry seem to lie either in compressed spectra or in spectra where scalars are suppressed with respect to the gauginos. While in the MSSM (or in any theory where supersymmetry is broken by the $F$-vev of a chiral spurion), a hierarchy between scalar and gaugino masses requires special constructions, it is automatic in scenarios where supersymmetry is broken by $D$-vev of a real spurion. In the latter framework, gaugino mediated contributions to scalar soft masses are finite (loop suppressed but not $\log$-enhanced), a feature often referred to as "supersoftness". Though phenomenologically attractive, pure supersoft models suffer from the $μ$-problem, potential color-breaking minima, large $T$-parameter, etc. These problems can be overcome without sacrificing the model's virtues by departing from pure supersoftness and including $μ$-type operators that use the same $D$-vev, a framework known as generalized supersoft supersymmetry. The main purpose of this paper is to point out that the new operators also solve the last remaining issue associated with supersoft spectra, namely that a right handed (RH) slepton is predicted to be the lightest superpartner, rendering the setup cosmologically unfeasible. In particular, we show that the $μ$-operators in generalized supersoft generate a new source for scalar masses, which can raise the RH-slepton mass above bino due to corrections from renormalisation group evolutions (RGEs). In fact, a mild tuning can open up the bino--RH slepton coannihilation regime for a thermal dark matter. We derive the full set of RGEs required to determine the spectrum at low energies. Beginning with input conditions at a high scale, we show that completely viable spectra can be achieved.
description: 42 pages, 11 figures
First principle investigation of Tunnel FET based on nanoribbons from topological two-dimensional material
Creators: name: Marin, Enrique G.
name: Marian, Damiano
name: Iannaccone, Giuseppe
name: Fiori, Gianluca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore nanoribbons from topological two-dimensional stanene as channel material in tunnel field effect transistors. This novel technological option offers the possibility to build pure one-dimensional (1D) channel devices (comprised of a 1D chain of atoms) due to localized states in correspondence of the nanoribbon edges. The investigation is based on first-principle calculations and multi-scale transport simulations to assess devices performance against industry requirements and their robustness with respect to technological issues like line edge roughness, detrimental for nanoribbons. We will show that edges states are robust with respect to the presence of non-idealities (e.g., atoms vacancies at the edges), and that 1D-channel TFETs exhibit interesting potential for digital applications and room for optimization in order to improve the Ion/Ioff at the levels required by the ITRS, while opening a path for the exploration of new device concepts at the ultimate scaling limits.
description: 22 pages, 9 figures
Driving workforce transition in Australian life science research
Creators: name: Syme, Anna
name: Christiansen, Jeff
name: Ward, Nigel
name: Gladman, Simon
name: Bromhead, Catherine
name: Makunin, Igor
name: Thang, Mike
name: Price, Gareth
name: Lonie, Andrew
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2021

description: A poster presented at GCC 2021 describing current work in Australia to expand workforce capability in life science research.
Explosive Nucleosynthesis: Prospects
Creators: name: Arnett, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Explosive nucleosynthesis is a combination of the nuclear physics of thermonuclear reactions, and the hydrodynamics of the plasma in which the reactions occur. It depends upon the initial conditions---the stellar evolution up to the explosive instability, and the nature of the explosion mechanism. Some key issues for explosive nucleosynthesis are the interaction of burning with hydrodynamics, the degree of microscopic mixing in convective zones, and the breaking of spherical symmetry by convection and rotation. Recent experiments on high intensity lasers provides new opportunities for laboratory testing of astrophysical hydrodynamic codes. Implications of SN1987A, SN1998bw (GRB980425?), and eta Carina are discussed, as well as the formation of black holes or neutron stars.
description: 15 pages, no figures, Elsevier Science volume honoring David N. Schramm
Helix grisea Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Bryozoa
Gastropoda
Stylommatophora
Helicidae
Helix
Helix grisea

description: Helix grisea [spec. nov.]
H. testa imperforata subovata obtusa grisea: fasciis duabus pallidis, apertura oblongiuscula.
Gvalt. test. t. 1. f. B.
Habitat in Europa australi; terrestris.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 773, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Additional file 1 of Targeting vulnerable groups of health poverty alleviation in rural China— what is the role of the New Rural Cooperative Medical Scheme for the middle age and elderly population?
Creators: name: Wang, Nianshi
name: Xu, Jing
name: Ma, Meiyan
name: Shan, Linghan
name: Jiao, Mingli
name: Xia, Qi
name: Tian, Wanxin
name: Zhang, Xiyu
name: Liu, Limin
name: Hao, Yanhua
name: Gao, Lijun
name: Wu, Qunhong
name: Li, Ye
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Table 1. Result of validity test and correlation test.
Quark Mass Effects in Fermionic Decays of the Higgs Boson in $O(α_s^2)$ Perturbative QCD
Creators: name: Surguladze, Levan R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The results of analytical evaluation of $O(α_s^2)$ QCD contributions due to the nonvanishing quark masses to $Γ_{H\rightarrow q_f\overline{q}_f}$ are presented. The ``triangle anomaly'' type contributions are included. As a byproduct the $O(α_s^3)$ logarithmic contributions are evaluated. The results are presented both in terms of running and pole quark masses. The partial decay modes $H \rightarrow b\overline{b}$ and $H \rightarrow c\overline{c}$ are considered. The calculated corrections decrease the absolute value of large and negative $O(α_s^2)$ massless limit coefficient by $\leq 1\%$ in the intermediate mass region and by 1\%$ - $20\% in the low mass region which, however, is experimentally ruled out. The results are relevant for $H \rightarrow t\overline{t}$ decay mode for the higher Higgs mass region where the mass effects are large and important. The high order corrections remove a very large discrepancy between the results for $Γ_{H\rightarrow q_f\overline{q}_f}$ in terms of running and pole quark masses almost completely and reduce the scale dependence from about 40\% to nearly 5\%.
description: 16 pages, LATeX, +5 figures available upon request, preprint OITS-543 (University of Oregon, USA, May 1994). ( Additions are made: Previous general result for the H-->qq is applied to the H-->tt decay mode where the calculated corrections are significant. )