cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Spectrally resolved resonant propulsion of dielectric microspheres
Creators: name: Li, Yangcheng
name: Maslov, Alexey V.
name: Limberopoulos, Nicholaos I.
name: Urbas, Augustine M.
name: Astratov, Vasily N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Use of resonant light forces opens up a unique approach to high-volume sorting of microspherical resonators with much higher uniformity of resonances compared to that in coupled-cavity structures obtained by the best semiconductor technologies. In this work, the spectral response of the propulsion forces exerted on polystyrene microspheres near tapered microfibers is directly observed. The measurements are based on the control of the detuning between the tunable laser and internal resonances in each sphere with accuracy higher than the width of the resonances. The measured spectral shape of the propulsion forces correlates well with the whispering-gallery mode resonances in the microspheres. The existence of a stable radial trap for the microspheres propelled along the taper is demonstrated. The giant force peaks observed for 20-μm spheres are found to be in a good agreement with a model calculation demonstrating an efficient use of the light momentum for propelling the microspheres.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures, pre-peer reviewed version of article submitted to Laser & Photonics Reviews (2015)
ERFMI CISUFLO webinar presentation
Creators: name: Buyle, Guy
name: Hayatifar, Mohammad
name: Faelens, Femke
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Polysep
separation
resilient flooring
pilot

description: Centexbel, Polymer Comply Europe and Beaulieu International Group, involved in the CISUFLO project, explained the importance of CISUFLO and their role in the project.
Des ennemis de la foi à visage humain
Creators: name: Ressel, Magnus
Publisher: name: Francia
Year: 2025

description: La publication de Laugier de Tassy, »Histoire du royaume d’Alger«, en 1725, est considérée à juste titre comme une avancée considérable dans la perception que se font les Européens de l’Ouest de l’important État barbaresque, et par cela de tous les États du Maghreb et même de l’Islam en général. Cette œuvre se distingue particulièrement, en se plaçant à l’encontre du rejet des États barbaresques qui dominait jusqu’alors et en présentant une image relativement positive et vraisemblablement aussi idéalisée de ces États. Elle rompt ainsi avec l’image effrayante de ces États, qui prévalait auparavant. Ceci valait en particulier pour le traitement des esclaves chrétiens. Tassy décrivait leur sort de manière favorable et attribuait à leurs maîtres des caractères relativement humains. Le présent article cherche à rendre cette rupture un peu plus compréhensible en tournant le regard vers la littérature sur les barbaresques produite antérieurement en Europe du Nord, plus précisément à Altona/Hambourg et dans le Nord des Pays-Bas. En 1666 était déjà paru à Altona/Hambourg l’ouvrage rédigé par le pasteur local Johann Frisch » Schauplatz barbarischer Schlaverey«, lequel laissait entrevoir, malgré son titre, une image plutôt différenciée des États barbaresques, notamment en ce qui concerne le traitement favorable des esclaves chrétiens. Cela est repris également dans »Handelingen en Geschiedenissen […] van de Zee-Roovers in Barbaryen«, publié en 1684 par le calviniste acharné Simon de Vries, qui a radicalisé en partie les propos de Frisch, non sans les simplifier davantage. Ces deux œuvres peuvent être considérées représentatives du discours à propos des barbaresques en Europe du Nord à la fin du XVIIe siècle – et le fait, que Tassy, après avoir séjourné plusieurs années à Amsterdam, ait imprimé son œuvre là-bas en 1725, peut également être attribué à de telles influences.
description: Francia, Bd. 50 (2023)
The Anatomy of Plastic Events in Magnetic Amorphous Solids
Creators: name: Hentschel, H. George E.
name: Procaccia, Itamar
name: Gupta, Bhaskar Sen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Plastic events in amorphous solids can be much more than just "shear transformation zones" when the positional degrees of freedom are coupled non-trivially to other degrees of freedom. Here we consider magnetic amorphous solids where mechanical and magnetic degrees of freedom interact, leading to rather complex plastic events whose nature must be disentangled. In this paper we uncover the anatomy of the various contributions to some typical plastic events. These plastic events are seen as Barkhausen Noise or other "serrated noises". Using theoretical considerations we explain the observed statistics of the various contributions to the considered plastic events. The richness of contributions and their different characteristics imply that in general the statistics of these "serrated noises" cannot be universal, but rather highly dependent on the state of the system and on its microscopic interactions.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1401.4326
Baseline brain and behavioral factors distinguish adolescent substance initiators and non-initiators at follow-up
Creators: name: Fishbein, Diana H.
name: Rose, Emma Jane
name: McQuaid, Goldie A.
name: Darcey, Valerie L.
name: VanMeter, Ashley S.
name: Patterson, Amanda E.
Publisher: name: Frontiers Media S.A.
Year: 2022

description: Background Earlier substance use (SU) initiation is associated with greater risk for the development of SU disorders (SUDs), while delays in SU initiation are associated with a diminished risk for SUDs. Thus, identifying brain and behavioral factors that are markers of enhanced risk for earlier SU has major public health import. Heightened reward-sensitivity and risk-taking are two factors that confer risk for earlier SU. Materials and methods We characterized neural and behavioral factors associated with reward-sensitivity and risk-taking in substance-naïve adolescents (N = 70; 11.1–14.0 years), examining whether these factors differed as a function of subsequent SU initiation at 18- and 36-months follow-up. Adolescents completed a reward-related decision-making task while undergoing functional MRI. Measures of reward sensitivity (Behavioral Inhibition System-Behavioral Approach System; BIS-BAS), impulsive decision-making (delay discounting task), and SUD risk [Drug Use Screening Inventory, Revised (DUSI-R)] were collected. These metrics were compared for youth who did [Substance Initiators (SI); n = 27] and did not [Substance Non-initiators (SN); n = 43] initiate SU at follow-up. Results While SI and SN youth showed similar task-based risk-taking behavior, SI youth showed more variable patterns of activation in left insular cortex during high-risk selections, and left anterior cingulate cortex in response to rewarded outcomes. Groups displayed similar discounting behavior. SI participants scored higher on the DUSI-R and the BAS sub-scale. Conclusion Activation patterns in the insula and anterior cingulate cortex may serve as a biomarker for earlier SU initiation. Importantly, these brain regions are implicated in the development and experience of SUDs, suggesting differences in these regions prior to substance exposure.
Lavandula angustifolia mill. (Lamiaceae) ethanol extract and its main constituents as promising agents for the treatment of metabolic disorders: chemical profile, in vitro biological studies, and molecular docking
Creators: name: Tundis, Rosa
name: Grande, Fedora
name: Occhiuzzi, Maria A.
name: Sicari, Vincenzo
name: Loizzo, Monica R.
name: Cappello, Anna R.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Lavandula angustifolia Mill. (lavender) is one of the most used medicinal plants. Herein, we chemically characterised and investigated the antioxidant properties and the capability to inhibit key enzymes for the treatment of type 2 diabetes (TD2) and obesity such as pancreatic lipase, α-glucosidase, and α-amylase of the ethanolic extract of two lavender samples (La1 and La2) from southern Italy. Both extracts significantly inhibited α-glucosidase, while La1 inhibited α-amylase and lipase more effectively than La2. To investigate whether these properties could be due to a direct interaction of the main constituents of the extracts with the targeted enzymes, molecular docking studies have been performed. As a result, the selected compounds were able to interact with the key residues of the binding site of the three proteins, thus supporting biological data. Current findings indicate the new potential of lavender ethanolic extract for the development of novel agents for T2D and obesity.
Additional file 10 of Exploring the potential effects of forest urbanization on the interplay between small mammal communities and their gut microbiota
Creators: name: Bouilloud, Marie
name: Galan, Maxime
name: Pradel, Julien
name: Loiseau, Anne
name: Ferrero, Julien
name: Gallet, Romain
name: Roche, Benjamin
name: Charbonnel, Nathalie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Additional file 10. Fig. S6. Boxplot of the distance to the centroid of each individual within the group of sites.
A radio-polarisation and rotation measure study of the Gum Nebula and its environment
Creators: name: Purcell, C. R.
name: Gaensler, B. M.
name: Sun, X. H.
name: Carretti, E.
name: Bernardi, G.
name: Haverkorn, M.
name: Kesteven, M. J.
name: Poppi, S.
name: Schnitzeler, D. H. F. M.
name: Staveley-Smith, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Gum Nebula is 36 degree wide shell-like emission nebula at a distance of only 450 pc. It has been hypothesised to be an old supernova remnant, fossil HII region, wind-blown bubble, or combination of multiple objects. Here we investigate the magneto-ionic properties of the nebula using data from recent surveys: radio-continuum data from the NRAO VLA and S-band Parkes All Sky Surveys, and H-alpha data from the Southern H-Alpha Sky Survey Atlas. We model the upper part of the nebula as a spherical shell of ionised gas expanding into the ambient medium. We perform a maximum-likelihood Markov chain Monte-Carlo fit to the NVSS rotation measure data, using the H-halpha data to constrain average electron density in the shell $n_e$. Assuming a latitudinal background gradient in RM we find $n_e=1.3^{+0.4}_{-0.4} {\rm cm}^{-3}$, angular radius $ϕ_{\rm outer}=22.7^{+0.1}_{-0.1} {\rm deg}$, shell thickness $dr=18.5^{+1.5}_{-1.4} {\rm pc}$, ambient magnetic field strength $B_0=3.9^{+4.9}_{-2.2} μ{\rm G}$ and warm gas filling factor $f=0.3^{+0.3}_{-0.1}$. We constrain the local, small-scale (~260 pc) pitch-angle of the ordered Galactic magnetic field to $+7^{\circ}\lesssim\wp\lesssim+44^{\circ}$, which represents a significant deviation from the median field orientation on kiloparsec scales (~-7.2$^{\circ}$). The moderate compression factor $X=6.0\,^{+5.1}_{-2.5}$ at the edge of the H-alpha shell implies that the 'old supernova remnant' origin is unlikely. Our results support a model of the nebula as a HII region around a wind-blown bubble. Analysis of depolarisation in 2.3 GHz S-PASS data is consistent with this hypothesis and our best-fitting values agree well with previous studies of interstellar bubbles.
description: 33 pages, 16 figures. Accepted by The Astrophysical Journal
Tip-and plasmon-enhanced infrared nanoscopy for ultrasensitive molecular characterizations
Creators: name: Luan, Yilong
name: McDermott, Liam
name: Hu, Fengrui
name: Fei, Zhe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a novel method for ultra-sensitive infrared (IR) vibrational spectroscopy of molecules with nanoscale footprints by combining the tip enhancement of the scattering-type scanning near-field optical microscope (s-SNOM) and the plasmon enhancement of the breathing-mode (BM) plasmon resonances of graphene nanodisks (GNDs). To demonstrate that, we developed a quantitative model that is capable of computing accurately the s-SNOM signals of nanoscale samples. With our modeling, we show that the s-SNOM tip can effectively excite gate-tunable BM plasmonic resonances in GNDs with strong field enhancement and sensitive dependence on the size of GND. Moreover, we demonstrate that the intense electric field of tip-excited plasmonic BMs can strongly enhance the IR vibrational modes of molecules. As a result, IR vibrational signatures of individual molecular particles with sizes down to 1-2 nm can be readily observable by s-SNOM. Our study sheds light on future ultra-sensitive IR biosensing that takes advantage of both the tip and plasmon enhancement.
description: 18 pages
La figure germanique de Charlemagne au XVIIIe siècle en France
Creators: name: De Barros, Edern
Publisher: name: Francia
Year: 2025

description: Au XVIIIe siècle, la figure de Charlemagne fait l’objet d’un débat entre les partisans de l’absolutisme et les républicains qui sert de prétexte pour interroger le concept même de souveraineté. Les absolutistes comme l’abbé Dubos élaborent une historiographie du parallèle des Romains et des Français qui a pour objectif de projeter le droit public impérial sur toute l’histoire de France contre l’héritage démocratique des Germains décrits par Tacite. La thèse du parallèle trouve son fondement dans l’affirmation de Grégoire de Tours selon laquelle l’empereur Anastase aurait donné à Clovis le titre et les ornements de patrice, de consul ou même d’Auguste et d’empereur. En prenant le titre d’empereur, Charlemagne s’inscrirait dans cette tradition, assurant une continuité en droit public des Mérovingiens jusqu’aux Bourbons. À l’étude du Digeste, les républicains comme les frères Condillac et Mably préfèrent celle des capitulaires qui conservent la trace du gouvernement des barbares pour rappeler la mémoire républicaine du régime mixte. La souveraineté législative appartient au Champ de Mars, tandis que le roi est borné à faire exécuter les lois. Charlemagne devient le restaurateur de la démocratie tempérée des Francs germaniques, contre la tradition romano-impériale. Dès lors, la présence d’une assemblée de la nation leur apparaît comme le lest qui rééquilibre le système des contre-forces, disqualifiant du même coup le concept même de souveraineté héritée de Bodin. La figure républicaine d’un Charlemagne démocrate accompagne alors la justification du rétablissement des États généraux.
description: Francia, Bd. 50 (2023)
Case report: Multicentric Castleman disease as a manifestation of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in Malawi
Creators: name: Gopal, Satish
name: Painschab, Matthew S.
name: Mponda, Marriam
name: Kampani, Coxcilly
name: Fedoriw, Yuri
name: Chimzimu, Fred
name: Tomoka, Tamiwe
Publisher: name: Frontiers Media S.A.
Year: 2022

description: Introduction Multicentric Castleman disease (MCD) is a lymphoproliferative disorder characterized by systemic inflammation, lymphadenopathy, and cytopenias. MCD caused by Kaposi sarcoma herpesvirus (MCD-KSHV) frequently arises in the context of HIV. It can be associated with immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS), but MCD-IRIS is rarely reported in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) where HIV and KSHV infection are common. Case description A 36-year-old woman in Malawi with HIV on antiretroviral therapy (ART) for nine years presented with fatigue, weight loss, and lymphadenopathy. Lymph node biopsy was consistent with HIV lymphadenitis without evident KSHV-MCD and HIV RNA was 4,244 copies/mL. She switched to second-line ART and returned four months later with worsening lymphadenopathy, fever, night sweats, weight loss, and anemia. A repeat lymph node biopsy demonstrated unequivocal KSHV-MCD features not present on the original biopsy. Her repeat HIV viral load was undetectable and she received chemotherapy with subsequent remission on continued ART for 24 months. Discussion This is among the first reported cases of MCD-IRIS from SSA, which has implications for a region where HIV and KSHV are highly prevalent. MCD-IRIS may contribute to early mortality after ART initiation in SSA, and increased awareness alongside improved diagnostic and treatment capacity are needed.
Transition from distributional to ergodic behavior in an inhomogeneous diffusion process: Method revealing an unknown surface diffusivity
Creators: name: Akimoto, Takuma
name: Seki, Kazuhiko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Diffusion of molecules in cells plays an important role in providing a biological reaction on the surface by finding a target on the membrane surface. The water retardation (slow diffusion) near the target assists the searching molecules to recognize the target. Here, we consider effects of the surface on the diffusivity in three-dimensional diffusion processes, where diffusion on the surface is slower than that in bulk. We show that the ensemble-averaged mean square displacements increase linearly with time when the desorption rate from the surface is finite even when the diffusion on the surface is subdiffusion. Moreover, this slow diffusion on the surface affects the fluctuations of the time-averaged mean square displacements (TAMSDs). We find that fluctuations of the TAMSDs remain large when the measurement time is smaller than a characteristic relaxation time, and decays according to an increase of the measurement time for a relatively large measurement time. Therefore, we find a transition from non-ergodic (distributional) to ergodic diffusivity in a target search process. Moreover, this fluctuation analysis provides a method to estimate an unknown surface diffusivity.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures
Demonstration of whispering-gallery-mode resonant enhancement of optical forces
Creators: name: Li, Yangcheng
name: Maslov, Alexey V.
name: Limberopoulos, Nicholaos I.
name: Astratov, Vasily N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We experimentally studied whispering-gallery modes(WGMs) and demonstrated resonance enhancement of optical forces evanescently exerted on dielectric microspheres. We showed that the resonant light pressure can be used for optical sorting of microparticles with extraordinary uniform resonant properties that is unachievable by conventional sorting techniques.
description: IEEE 2014 National Aerospace and Electronics Conference (NAECON), Dayton, Ohio, June 2014
Double Deep Reinforcement Learning Techniques for Low Dimensional Sensing Mapless Navigation of Terrestrial Mobile Robots
Creators: name: de Moraes, Linda Dotto
name: Kich, Victor Augusto
name: Kolling, Alisson Henrique
name: Bottega, Jair Augusto
name: Steinmetz, Raul
name: da Silva, Emerson Cassiano
name: Grando, Ricardo Bedin
name: Cuckla, Anselmo Rafael
name: Gamarra, Daniel Fernando Tello
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this work, we present two Deep Reinforcement Learning (Deep-RL) approaches to enhance the problem of mapless navigation for a terrestrial mobile robot. Our methodology focus on comparing a Deep-RL technique based on the Deep Q-Network (DQN) algorithm with a second one based on the Double Deep Q-Network (DDQN) algorithm. We use 24 laser measurement samples and the relative position and angle of the agent to the target as information for our agents, which provide the actions as velocities for our robot. By using a low-dimensional sensing structure of learning, we show that it is possible to train an agent to perform navigation-related tasks and obstacle avoidance without using complex sensing information. The proposed methodology was successfully used in three distinct simulated environments. Overall, it was shown that Double Deep structures further enhance the problem for the navigation of mobile robots when compared to the ones with simple Q structures.
Hyperplanes of finite-dimensional normed spaces with the maximal relative projection constant
Creators: name: Kobos, Tomasz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 41A35, 41A65, 47A30, 52A21

description: The \emph{relative projection constant} $λ(Y, X)$ of normed spaces $Y \subset X$ is defined as $λ(Y, X) = \inf \{ ||P|| : P \in \mathcal{P}(X, Y) \}$, where $\mathcal{P}(X, Y)$ denotes the set of all continuous projections from $X$ onto $Y$. By the well-known result of Bohnenblust for every $n$-dimensional normed space $X$ and its subspace $Y$ of codimension $1$ the inequality $λ(Y, X) \leq 2 - \frac{2}{n}$ holds. The main goal of the paper is to study the equality case in the theorem of Bohnenblust. We establish an equivalent condition for the equality $λ(Y, X) = 2 - \frac{2}{n}$ and present several applications. We prove that every three-dimensional space has a subspace with the projection constant less than $\frac{4}{3} - 0.0007$. This gives a non-trivial upper bound in the problem posed by Bosznay and Garay. In the general case, we give an upper bound for the number of $(n-1)$-dimensional subspaces with the maximal relative projection constant in terms of the facets of the unit ball of $X$. As a consequence, every $n$-dimensional normed space $X$ has an $(n-1)$-dimensional subspace $Y$ with $λ(Y, X) < 2-\frac{2}{n}$. This contrasts with the seperable case in which it is possible that every hyperplane has a maximal possible projection constant.
description: 15 pages
Die französischen Korrespondenzen in den Acta Pacis Westphalicae
Creators: name: Rohrschneider, Michael
name: Schirrmeister, Albert
Publisher: name: Francia
Year: 2025

description: Der Aufsatz stellt die Genese der Edition der französischen Korrespondenzen als umfangreichsten Teil der seit 1962 erscheinenden Acta Pacis Westphalicae vor, ordnet das Langzeitprojekt in seine institutionelle und in die geschichtswissenschaftliche Entwicklung ein und diskutiert seine Perspektiven und Potentiale. Die vom ursprünglichen Zweck der Edition – die Genese der Friedensschlüsse sichtbar zu machen – abhängigen Editionsentscheidungen wer- den diskutiert und die positiven forschungspraktischen Folgen der institutionellen Einbindung und die Forschungen initiierende Wirkung der Edition skizziert. Schließlich wird die Situierung des derzeit entstehenden Bandes der französischen Korrespondenz in einem editionswissenschaftlich veränderten Kontext besprochen: Mit der Entwicklung digitaler Editionstechniken verbunden sind auch theoretische Überlegungen zur Offenheit des edierten Textes, zum Korpus oder zur Vernetzung etc. Hierzu muss sich ein Band, der Teil eines Langzeitprojektes ist, anders verhalten, als es Einzeleditionen können. Entsprechendes gilt für den veränderten geschichtswissenschaftlichen Kontext, durch den neue Perspektiven und thematische Elemente relevant werden. Als Ziel der Edition wird gleichbleibend die Anregung zu neuen Forschungen am reichhaltigen Korpus beschrieben.
description: Francia, Bd. 50 (2023)
Additional file 11 of Exploring the potential effects of forest urbanization on the interplay between small mammal communities and their gut microbiota
Creators: name: Bouilloud, Marie
name: Galan, Maxime
name: Pradel, Julien
name: Loiseau, Anne
name: Ferrero, Julien
name: Gallet, Romain
name: Roche, Benjamin
name: Charbonnel, Nathalie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Additional file 11. Fig. S7. Processes responsible for bacterial assembly and turnover in each combination of small mammal species and site.
The Half Million Quasars (HMQ) Catalogue
Creators: name: Flesch, Eric W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A quasar catalogue is presented with a total of 510764 objects including 424748 type 1 QSOs and 26623 type 1 AGN complete from the literature to 25 January 2015. Also included are 25015 high-confidence SDSS-based photometric quasars with radio/X-ray associations, 1595 BL Lac objects, and 32783 type 2 objects. Each object is displayed with arcsecond-accurate astrometry, red and blue photometry, redshift, citations, and radio and X-ray associations where present. Also, 114 new spectroscopically confirmed quasars are presented.
description: 14 pages, 11 tables, 5 figures. Accepted for publication by Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia (PASA)
Diffraction at GaAs/Fe3Si core/shell nanowires: The formation of nanofacets
Creators: name: Jenichen, B.
name: Hanke, M.
name: Hilse, M.
name: Herfort, J.
name: Trampert, A.
name: Erwin, S.C.
Publisher: name: Cambridge : arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: III-V semiconductors
subject: X-ray diffraction
subject: Epitaxy Density functional theory
subject: Nanowires
subject: 530

description: GaAs/Fe3Si core/shell nanowire structures were fabricated by molecular-beam epitaxy on oxidized Si(111) substrates and investigated by synchrotron x-ray diffraction. The surfaces of the Fe3Si shells exhibit nanofacets. These facets consist of well pronounced Fe3Si{111} planes. Density functional theory reveals that the Si-terminated Fe3Si{111} surface has the lowest energy in agreement with the experimental findings. We can analyze the x-ray diffuse scattering and diffraction of the ensemble of nanowires avoiding the signal of the substrate and poly-crystalline films located between the wires. Fe3Si nanofacets cause streaks in the x-ray reciprocal space map rotated by an azimuthal angle of 30° compared with those of bare GaAs nanowires. In the corresponding TEM micrograph the facets are revealed only if the incident electron beam is oriented along [1 1 ̄ 0] in accordance with the x-ray results. Additional maxima in the x-ray scans indicate the onset of chemical reactions between Fe3Si shells and GaAs cores occurring at increased growth temperatures.
Bismarck and the Bazaine Affair of 1873
Creators: name: Stone, James
Publisher: name: Francia
Year: 2025

description: The Bazaine Affair of 1873 represented the most sensational military show trial in Europe in the two decades prior to the Dreyfus Affair. Although this miscarriage of justice has received considerable historical attention, the role of Germany in the various phases of this court martial has been largely ignored although it was an important one. In particular, the challenges and issues presented by the trial and conviction of this disgraced French Marshal to Bismarck’s foreign policy have been entirely neglected although they were significant as this affair and its outcome threatened to undermine key elements of the German chancellor’s French strategy. And his efforts to mitigate these negative impacts created serious tensions in the Franco-German relationship. In addition, Bismarck’s involvement in one of the most sensational trials of the nineteenth century throws some surprising new light on the affair itself.
description: Francia, Bd. 50 (2023)
Characterization of Antibodies against Receptor Activity-Modifying Protein 1 (RAMP1): A Cautionary Tale
Creators: name: Siow, A.
name: Garelja, M.L.
name: Le Foll, C.
name: Hay, D.L.
name: Russo, A.F.
name: Pawlak, J.B.
name: Tasma, Z.
name: Blakeney, E.S.
name: Lutz, T.A.
name: Walker, C.S.
name: Sowers, L.P.
name: Harris, P.W.R.
name: Caron, K.M.
name: Rees, T.A.
name: Hendrikse, E.R.
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2022

description: Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) is a key component of migraine pathophysiology, yielding effective migraine therapeutics. CGRP receptors contain a core accessory protein subunit: receptor activity-modifying protein 1 (RAMP1). Understanding of RAMP1 expression is incomplete, partly due to the challenges in identifying specific and validated antibody tools. We profiled antibodies for immunodetection of RAMP1 using Western blotting, immunocytochemistry and immunohistochemistry, including using RAMP1 knockout mouse tissue. Most antibodies could detect RAMP1 in Western blotting and immunocytochemistry using transfected cells. Two antibodies (844, ab256575) could detect a RAMP1-like band in Western blots of rodent brain but not RAMP1 knockout mice. However, cross-reactivity with other proteins was evident for all antibodies. This cross-reactivity prevented clear conclusions about RAMP1 anatomical localization, as each antibody detected a distinct pattern of immunoreactivity in rodent brain. We cannot confidently attribute immunoreactivity produced by RAMP1 antibodies (including 844) to the presence of RAMP1 protein in immunohistochemical applications in brain tissue. RAMP1 expression in brain and other tissues therefore needs to be revisited using RAMP1 antibodies that have been comprehensively validated using multiple strategies to establish multiple lines of convincing evidence. As RAMP1 is important for other GPCR/ligand pairings, our results have broader significance beyond the CGRP field.
Unification on subvarieties of pseudocomplemented distributive lattices
Creators: name: Cabrer, Leonardo Manuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper subvarieties of pseudocomplemented distributive lattices are classified by their unification type. We determine the unification type of every particular unification problem in each subvariety of pseudocomplemented distributive lattices.
description: 21 pages
Die Entdeckung der Altstadt
Creators: name: Hadwiger, Daniel
Publisher: name: Francia
Year: 2025

description: Altstädte wurden in den 1970er-Jahren als identitätsstiftende Symbole wiederentdeckt. Zahlreiche Städte in Westeuropa sanierten ihre verfallenden historischen Altstadtkerne. Diese sollten nicht nur bewohnt, sondern für Naherholung und Tourismus genutzt werden. Die Sanierung eines Viertels war jedoch auch eine Entscheidung für eine bestimmte Identität und Epoche, die widersprüchliche und heterogene Identitätszuschreibungen nicht zuließ. Am Beispiel des historischen Viertels Le Panier in Marseille untersucht der Beitrag, inwiefern es in den Jahren »nach dem Boom« zu einem Wertewandel in Bezug auf die historische Altstadt kam. Das Panier-Viertel ist heute bekannt als touristisches, kreatives Museumsviertel in Marseille. In den 1960er-Jahren war es von Verfall, einem hohen Migrationsanteil, Abwanderung und einem schlechten Ruf als kriminelles Hafenviertel geprägt. Als einziges historisches Stadtviertel im Zentrum Marseilles wurde das Panier-Viertel ab 1972 als denkmalgeschützte Zone (Ensembleschutz) saniert. Warum galt gerade dieses Viertel als erhaltenswert und als typisches, authentisches Stadtviertel Marseilles? Der Artikel ist ein Beitrag zur Erforschung urbaner Authentizität und untersucht am Beispiel des Panier-Viertels, inwiefern und wie das Viertel als authentischer Ort Marseilles inszeniert wurde. Die Perspektive der Stadtverwaltung wird mit der Sichtweise der Bevölkerung, insbesondere der Migrantinnen und Migranten, in Beziehung gesetzt.
description: Francia, Bd. 50 (2023)
Contact-induced charge contributions to non-local spin transport measurements in Co/MgO/graphene devices
Creators: name: Volmer, F.
name: Drögeler, M.
name: Pohlmann, T.
name: Güntherodt, G.
name: Stampfer, C.
name: Beschoten, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, it has been shown that oxide barriers in graphene-based non-local spin-valve structures can be the bottleneck for spin transport. The barriers may cause spin dephasing during or right after electrical spin injection which limit spin transport parameters such as the spin lifetime of the whole device. An important task is to evaluate the quality of the oxide barriers of both spin injection and detection contacts in a fabricated device. To address this issue, we discuss the influence of spatially inhomogeneous oxide barriers and especially conducting pinholes within the barrier on the background signal in non-local measurements of graphene/MgO/Co spin-valve devices. By both simulations and reference measurements on devices with non-ferromagnetic electrodes, we demonstrate that the background signal can be caused by inhomogeneous current flow through the oxide barriers. As a main result, we demonstrate the existence of charge accumulation next to the actual spin accumulation signal in non-local voltage measurements, which can be explained by a redistribution of charge carriers by a perpendicular magnetic field similar to the classical Hall effect. Furthermore, we present systematic studies on the phase of the low frequency non-local ac voltage signal which is measured in non-local spin measurements when applying ac lock-in techniques. This phase has so far widely been neglected in the analysis of non-local spin transport. We demonstrate that this phase is another hallmark of the homogeneity of the MgO spin injection and detection barriers. We link backgate dependent changes of the phase to the interplay between the capacitance of the oxide barrier to the quantum capacitance of graphene.
description: 19 pages, 7 figures
Developing evidence-based resources for evaluating postgraduate trainees in the biomedical sciences
Creators: name: Layton, R.L.
name: Nicholas, R.A.
name: McLaughlin, J.E.
name: Watkins, P.B.
name: Brouwer, K.L.R.
Publisher: name: Public Library of Science
Year: 2022

description: Postgraduate trainees elevate the academic strength of institutions by conducting research, promoting innovation, securing grant funding, training undergraduate students, and building alliances. Rigorous and systematic program evaluation can help ensure that postgraduate training programs are achieving the program’s intended outcomes. The purpose of this project was to develop evidence-based evaluation tools that could be shared across federally funded biomedical training programs to enhance program evaluation capacity. This manuscript describes the evidence-based process used to determine program evaluation needs of these programs at a research-intensive university. Using a multi-phased sequential exploratory mixed methods approach, data were collected from trainees, employers, leaders, and program directors. Data analyses included document analysis of program plans, inductive coding of focus groups and interviews, and descriptive analysis of surveys. Two overarching categories–Trainee Skills and Program Characteristics—were identified including six themes each. Program directors prioritized communication, social and behavioral skills, and collaboration as the trainee skills that they needed the most help evaluating. Furthermore, program directors prioritized the following program characteristics as those that they needed the most help evaluating: training environment, trainee outcomes, and opportunities offered. Surveys, interview scripts, and related resources for the categories and themes were developed and curated on a publicly available website for program directors to use in their program evaluations.
Pair interaction ordering in fluids with random interactions
Creators: name: Shagolsem, Lenin S.
name: Osmanović, Dino
name: Peleg, Orit
name: Rabin, Yitzhak
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use molecular dynamics simulations in 2d to study multi-component fluid in the limiting case where {\it all the particles are different} (APD). The particles are assumed to interact via Lennard-Jones (LJ) potentials, with identical size parameters but their pair interaction parameters are generated at random from a uniform or from a peaked distribution. We analyze both the global and the local properties of these systems at temperatures above the freezing transition and find that APD fluids relax into a non-random state characterized by clustering of particles according to the values of their pair interaction parameters (particle-identity ordering).
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
Diagnosis and management of AL amyloidosis due to B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma
Creators: name: Berkowitz, Callie
name: Dittus, Christopher
Publisher: name: Frontiers Media S.A.
Year: 2022

description: Immunoglobulin light chain (AL) amyloidosis may be caused by a B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) rather than a plasma cell neoplasm in rare cases, which presents unique diagnostic and management considerations. NHL associated with AL will often have an IgM paraprotein; thus, this disease is termed IgM-related AL amyloidosis (IgM AL). The clinical presentation of IgM AL is more likely to involve the lungs, peripheral nerves, and soft tissue; cardiac involvement is less common. Patients with IgM AL amyloidosis should undergo a lymphoma-directed work-up including evaluation for nodal and extranodal disease. Additionally, patients with an IgM paraproteinemia should be screened for AL amyloidosis through history and physical examination. Treatment regimens active against underlying lymphoma, rather than plasma cell-directed regimens, are recommended. Historical response rates in IgM AL have been poor; prospective studies of novel antineoplastic regimens may improve treatment outcomes.
Dual-FOV Raman and Doppler lidar studies of aerosol-cloud interactions: Simultaneous profiling of aerosols, warm-cloud properties, and vertical wind
Creators: name: Schmidt, Jörg
name: Ansmann, Albert
name: Bühl, Johannes
name: Baars, Holger
name: Wandinger, Ulla
name: Müller, Detlef
name: Malinka, Aleksey V.
Publisher: name: Hoboken, NJ : Wiley
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: A new lidar technique to derive cloud microphysical properties is applied
subject: A comparison of droplet sizes of two clouds complies with the Twomey effect
subject: The influence of the vertical wind speed on cloud microphysics is investigated
subject: 550

description: For the first time, colocated dual-field of view (dual-FOV) Raman lidar and Doppler lidar observations (case studies) of aerosol and cloud optical and microphysical properties below and within thin layered liquid water clouds are presented together with an updraft and downdraft characterization at cloud base. The goal of this work is to investigate the relationship between aerosol load close to cloud base and cloud characteristics of warm (purely liquid) clouds and the study of the influence of vertical motions and turbulent mixing on this relationship. We further use this opportunity to illustrate the applicability of the novel dual-FOV Raman lidar in this field of research. The dual-FOV lidar combines the well-established multiwavelength Raman lidar technique for aerosol retrievals and the multiple-scattering Raman lidar technique for profiling of the single-scattering extinction coefficient, effective radius, number concentration of the cloud droplets, and liquid water content. Key findings of our 3 year observations are presented in several case studies of optically thin altocumulus layers occurring in the lower free troposphere between 2.5 and 4 km height over Leipzig, Germany, during clean and polluted situations. For the clouds that we observed, the most direct link between aerosol proxy (particle extinction coefficient) and cloud proxy (cloud droplet number concentration) was found at cloud base during updraft periods. Above cloud base, additional processes resulting from turbulent mixing and entrainment of dry air make it difficult to determine the direct impact of aerosols on cloud processes.
The seat-belt use rate study, based on Iowa's Data
Creators: name: Zirou Zhou
name: Berg, Emily
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: The seat-belt use rate, defined as the ratio of the total number of individuals wearing a seat-belt to the total number of individuals in vehicles, is an important statistic for understanding the safety of a transportation system. The annual Iowa Seat-Belt Use survey is designed to produce estimates of seat-belt use rates at the state level. We consider county estimation. Because the county sample sizes are small, this is a small area estimation problem. Previously, we used a frequentist approach that only provided estimates of the seat-belt use rate among drivers for a single year. We extend the model to include both passengers and drivers for multiple years. To accomplish this, we transfer to the Bayesian paradigm. We use a two-part model with a beta component for sampling units where not everyone is belted and a binary component for units where all passengers or drivers are belted. We incorporate multivariate latent variables to capture correlations between the passengers and drivers as well as correlations over time. We evaluate the goodness of fit of alternative models using the posterior predictive p-value. We present estimated seat-belt use rates for a selected model.
Additional file 12 of Exploring the potential effects of forest urbanization on the interplay between small mammal communities and their gut microbiota
Creators: name: Bouilloud, Marie
name: Galan, Maxime
name: Pradel, Julien
name: Loiseau, Anne
name: Ferrero, Julien
name: Gallet, Romain
name: Roche, Benjamin
name: Charbonnel, Nathalie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Additional file 12. Fig. S8. Heat map based on DESeq2 results illustrating significantly different abundances between species-site combinations, considering gut microbiota.
Viscoelasticity of model interphase chromosomes
Creators: name: Valet, Manon
name: Rosa, Angelo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Subcellular Processes (q-bio.SC)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigated the viscoelastic response of model interphase chromosomes by tracking the three-dimensional motion of hundreds of dispersed Brownian particles of sizes ranging from the thickness of the chromatin fiber up to slightly above the mesh size of the chromatin solution. In agreement with previous computational studies on polymer solutions and melts, we found that the large-time behaviour of diffusion coefficient and the experienced viscosity of moving particles as functions of particle size deviate from the traditional Stokes-Einstein relation, and agree with a recent scaling theory of diffusion of non-sticky particles in polymer solutions. Interestingly, we found that at short times large particles are temporary "caged" by chromatin spatial constraints, which thus form effective domains whose size match remarkably well recent experimental results for micro-tracers inside interphase nuclei. Finally, by employing a known mathematical relation between the time mean-square displacement of tracked particles and the complex shear modulus of the surrounding solution, we calculated the elastic and viscous moduli of interphase chromosomes.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in Journal of Chemical Physics
On the electrolyte convection around a hydrogen bubble evolving at a microelectrode under the influence of a magnetic field
Creators: name: Baczyzmalski, Dominik
name: Karnbach, Franziska
name: Yang, Xuegeng
name: Mutschke, Gerd
name: Uhlemann, Margitta
name: Eckert, Kerstin
name: Cierpka, Christian
Publisher: name: Pennington, NJ : ECS
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: flow measurement
subject: Lorentz force
subject: magnetohydrodynamics
subject: MHD
subject: water electrolysis
subject: 620

description: Water electrolysis was carried out in a 1 M H2SO4 solution under different potentiostatic conditions in the presence of a magnetic field oriented normal to the horizontal microelectrode (100 μm in diameter). The imposed magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) electrolyte flow around the evolving hydrogen bubble was studied to clarify the effect on the detachment of the bubble from the electrode and the mass transfer toward the electrode. Different particle imaging and tracking techniques were applied to measure the three-dimensional flow in the bulk of the cell as well as in close vicinity of the evolving bubble. The periodic bubble growth cycle was analyzed by measurements of the current oscillations and microscopic high-speed imaging. In addition, a numerical study of the flow was conducted to support the experimental results. The results demonstrate that the MHD flow imposes only a small stabilizing force on the bubble. However, the observed secondary flow enhances the mass transfer toward the electrode and may reduce the local supersaturation of dissolved hydrogen.
Evaluation of Light Collection from Highly Scattering Media using Wavelength-Shifting Fibers
Creators: name: Wilhelm, Andrew
name: Wendel, Garrett
name: Collins, Brandon
name: Cowen, Doug
name: Jovanovic, Igor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Opaque scintillators are designed to have a short scattering length such that scintillation photons are probabilistically confined to a small region of space about their origin. The benefit of this feature is that information on the interaction event topology can be recorded with greater fidelity than in traditional highly transparent media with sensors at large distances from the light production region. Opaque scintillator detectors rely on wavelength-shifting fibers to extract the scintillation light; however, the efficiency of light collection has not yet been directly measured in experiment. We measured the efficiency of light collection as a function of the optical parameters of an opaque liquid and the distance from the origin of the light to the fiber. We use the experimental data to validate a Monte Carlo model of light transport and collection and discuss a simple diffusion model that reproduces the results of Monte Carlo simulation with high fidelity. This combination of validated models has the potential for use in predictions of performance in various designs of future opaque scintillator detectors such as LiquidO.
description: 25 pages, 15 figures