cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Charged pion electric polarizability from lattice QCD
Creators: name: Niyazi, Hossein
name: Alexandru, Andrei
name: Lee, Frank X.
name: Lujan, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a calculation of the charged pion electric polarizability using the background field method. To extract the mass-shift induced by the electric field for the accelerated charged particle we fit the lattice QCD correlators using correlators derived from an effective model. The methodology outlined in this study (boundary conditions, fitting procedure, etc.) is designed to ensure that the results are invariant under gauge transformations of the background field. We apply the method to four $N_f=2$ dynamical ensembles to extract $α_{π^\pm}$ at pion mass of $315$ MeV.
Additional file 1 of Validation of the Lean Healthcare Implementation Self-Assessment Instrument (LHISI) in the finnish healthcare context
Creators: name: Reponen, Elina
name: Jokela, Ritva
name: Blodgett, Janet C.
name: Rundall, Thomas G.
name: Shortell, Stephen M.
name: Nuutinen, Mikko
name: Skants, Noora
name: Mäkijärvi, Markku
name: Torkki, Paulus
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1.
Thermonuclear Supernovae
Creators: name: Roepke, F. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The application of Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) as distance indicators in cosmology calls for a sound understanding of these objects. Recent years have seen a brisk development of astrophysical models which explain SNe Ia as thermonuclear explosions of white dwarf stars. While the evolution of the progenitor is still uncertain, the explosion mechanism certainly involves the propagation of a thermonuclear flame through the white dwarf star. Three-dimensional hydrodynamical simulations allowed to study a wide variety of possibilities involving subsonic flame propagation (deflagrations), flames accelerated by turbulence, and supersonic detonations. These possibilities lead to a variety of scenarios. I review the currently discussed approaches and present some recent results from simulations of the turbulent deflagration model and the delayed detonation model.
description: 25 pages, 7 figures (some with reduced resolution), invited review at "Supernovae: lights in the darkness", October 3-5, 2007, Mao (Menorca), to appear in Proceedings of Science
Additional file 2 of Validation of the Lean Healthcare Implementation Self-Assessment Instrument (LHISI) in the finnish healthcare context
Creators: name: Reponen, Elina
name: Jokela, Ritva
name: Blodgett, Janet C.
name: Rundall, Thomas G.
name: Shortell, Stephen M.
name: Nuutinen, Mikko
name: Skants, Noora
name: Mäkijärvi, Markku
name: Torkki, Paulus
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2. Items removed during Exploratory Factor Analysis.
Positron studies of surfaces, structure and electronic properties of nanocrystals
Creators: name: Eijt, S. W. H.
name: Barbiellini, B.
name: Houtepen, A. J.
name: Vanmaekelbergh, D.
name: Mijnarends, P. E.
name: Bansil, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A brief review is given of recent positron studies of metal and semiconductor nanocrystals. The prospects offered by positron annihilation as a sensitive method to access nanocrystal (NC) properties are described and compared with other experimental methods. The tunability of the electronic structure of nanocrystals underlies their great potential for application in many areas. Owing to their large surface-to-volume ratio, the surfaces and interfaces of NCs play a crucial role in determining their properties. Here we focus on positron 2D angular correlation of annihilation radiation (2D-ACAR) and (two-detector) Doppler studies for investigating surfaces and electronic properties of CdSe NCs.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures, to appear in Physica Status Solidi (b) - basic solid state physics, presented at the 14th International Conference of Positron Annihilation ICPA-14
Forme della produzione della ceramica e dei laterizi nella Puglia di età romana
Creators: name: De Filippis, Maria Domenica
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2009

description: La ricerca si propone come contributo allo studio e all’analisi degli impianti artigianali per la produzione di ceramica e di laterizi afferenti ad un comparto territoriale pressoché corrispondente all’antica provincia Apulia et Calabria e attivi in età romana, attraverso la disamina sistematica e completa della documentazione edita e dei dati inediti, organizzati secondo criteri crono-tipologici e topografici e rapportati al contesto ambientale.
Extracting the Bs - anti-Bs mixing angle from B--> VV decays and comments on the puzzling B--> K* l+l- decay
Creators: name: Matias, Joaquim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Three different strategies to extract the weak mixing phase phi_s of the Bs system using B--> VV decays (Bs--> K* anti-K*, Bs--> phi anti-K* and Bs--> phi phi) are discussed. Those penguin-mediated decays are computed in the framework of a new combined QCD-Factorisation/Flavour Symmetry Method. Also some comments on the recent interesting results found by Babar concerning the decay B--> K* l+l- are included.
description: 7 pages, 11 figures. Invited talk at Second Workshop on Theory, Phenomenology and Experiments in Heavy Flavour Physics, Capri, June 2008
Spin-dependent two-color Kapitza-Dirac effects
Creators: name: McGregor, Scot
name: Huang, Wayne Cheng-Wei
name: Shadwick, Bradley A.
name: Batelaan, Herman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we present an analysis of the spin behavior of electrons propagating through a laser field. We present an experimentally realizable scenario in which spin-dependent effects of the interaction between the laser and the electrons are dominant. The laser interaction strength and incident electron velocity are in the nonrelativistic domain. This analysis may thus lead to novel methods of creating and characterizing spin-polarized nonrelativistic femtosecond electron pulses.
Designing for science talk at home
Creators: name: Miller, Simone M.
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2021

description: Science talk is central to learning in the classroom but despite a variety of interventions, lack of participation in discussion is a persistent obstacle to learner engagement (Clarke, 2015; Mercer, 1996; Mercer et al., 1999; Webb, 1989). Classroom programs may aid student participation but have not been sufficient to overcome students’ unwillingness to participate (Hogan, 1999; Olitsky, 2007; Wiltse, 2006). In this design-based research intervention study, guidance in the form of instruction, training, and scaffolds were iteratively designed to facilitate productive scientific discourse between sixth-grade science students and their parents. The main sources of data were recordings of 21 homework assignments during which parents prompted students to evaluate models based on evidence. The features of the intervention were examined using qualitative and quantitative methods. Suggested prompts for parents and a scaffold for model-evidence coordination (based on the work of Rinehart et al., 2014) were responsible for most students making connections between the evidence and one or more of the models. Parents used the suggested prompts and many of them took an active approach by elaborating on the suggested prompts. These parent-initiated questions outside of the suggested questions and materials resulted in more students giving high-quality responses that explained why a model was either a good fit or one that should be ruled out. The results demonstrate that with guidance, parents helped students engage in scientific discourse. The implications of these interactions on student learning are discussed. The findings may be used for future family engagement programs and interventions to build student understanding through talk.
Adding Indoor Capacity Without Fiber Backhaul: A mmWave Bridge Prototype
Creators: name: Schumacher, Adrian
name: Merz, Ruben
name: Burg, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Today, a large portion of the mobile data traffic is consumed behind the shielding walls of buildings or in the Faraday cage of trains. This renders cellular network coverage from outdoor cell sites difficult. Indoor small cells and distributed antennas along train tracks are often considered as a solution, but the cost and the need for optical fiber backhaul are often prohibitive. To alleviate this issue, we describe an out-of-band repeater that converts a sub-6 GHz cell signal from a small cell installed at a cell tower to a mmWave frequency for the fronthaul to buildings or distributed antenna sites, where the signal is downconverted to the original frequency and emitted for example inside a building. This concept does not require fiber deployment, provides backward compatibility to equipment already in use, and additional indoor capacity is gained while outdoor networks are offloaded. The architecture and hardware prototype implementation are described, and measurements are reported to demonstrate the functionality and compatibility with commercial infrastructure and mobile terminals.
description: To be published in IEEE Communications Magazine (Volume: 59, Issue: 4, April 2021)
The Baltimore and Utrecht models for cluster dissolution
Creators: name: Lamers, Henny J. G. L. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The analysis of the age distributions of star cluster samples of different galaxies has resulted in two very different empirical models for the dissolution of star clusters: the Baltimore model and the Utrecht model. I describe these two models and their differences. The Baltimore model implies that the dissolution of star clusters is mass independent and that about 90% of the clusters are destroyed each age dex, up to an age of about a Gyr, after which point mass-dependent dissolution from two-body relaxation becomes the dominant mechanism. In the Utrecht model, cluster dissolution occurs in three stages: (i) mass-independent infant mortality due to the expulsion of gas up to about 10 Myr; (ii) a phase of slow dynamical evolution with strong evolutionary fading of the clusters lasting up to about a Gyr; and (iii) a phase dominated by mass dependent-dissolution, as predicted by dynamical models. I describe the cluster age distributions for mass-limited and magnitude-limited cluster samples for both models. I refrain from judging the correctness of these models.
description: 3 pages, 1 figure, to appear in "Young Massive Star Clusters - Initial Conditions and Environment", 2008, Astrophysics and Space Science, Eds. E. Perez, R. de Grijs and R.M. Gonzalez Delgado
Relative periodic orbits in transitional pipe flow
Creators: name: Duguet, Y.
name: Pringle, C. C. T.
name: Kerswell, R. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A dynamical system description of the transition process in shear flows with no linear instability starts with a knowledge of exact coherent solutions, among them travelling waves (TWs) and relative periodic orbits (RPOs). We describe a numerical method to find such solutions in pipe flow and apply it in the vicinity of a Hopf bifurcation from a TW which looks to be especially relevant for transition. The dominant structural feature of the RPO solution is the presence of weakly modulated streaks. This RPO, like the TW from which it bifurcates, sits on the laminar-turbulent boundary separating initial conditions which lead to turbulence from those which immediately relaminarise.
Foreigner talk in Japanese : speech adjustments of native speakers with intermediate and advanced non-native speakers
Creators: name: Uzawa, Kozue
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The present study investigates native speakers' speech adjustments for non-native speakers whose proficiency levels are intermediate and advanced. The studies on Foreigner Talk (FT) in the past 15 years are reviewed and summarized. Most of the literature on FT deals with beginner level non-native speakers in or outside the classroom, and lack statistical plausibility. The present study aims to remedy these deficiencies. Ten native speakers of Japanese and five intermediate and five advanced level non-native speakers of Japanese are selected on a voluntary basis from two university communities. Their social background, such as age, sex, social status, physical appearance, prior acquaintance, is controlled in order to compare native speakers' speech adjustments more objectively. A problem solving technique is used in the experiment in order to hold the subjects' attention on content, not on language. Three tape-recording sessions for the native speakers, and two sessions for the non-native speakers are assigned on a one-to-one basis. Six linguistic features (formal form, syntactic deletion, coordinate conjunctive forms, repetitions to promote comprehension, honorific forms, complex constructions) are selected to see differences in their use by native speakers in their discourse with native and non-native speakers. The hypothesis that native speakers use more listener-oriented speech for non-native speakers than for native speakers is examined in the context of six more specific sub-hypotheses. The statistical results show that speech adjustments of the native speakers with highly proficient speakers are very minimal: Their only adjustment with the advanced speakers is in coordinate conjunctive forms. Their speech adjustments with the intermediate speakers are found in coordinate conjunctive forms, syntactic deletion, and repetitions to promote comprehension. Especially, repetitions to promote comprehension are statistically very significant. The native speakers, on the whole, try to make themselves understandable (they are listener-oriented) when they talk with the intermediate speakers. Other features (formal form, honorific forms, complex constructions) do not show any difference in their use by the native speakers for either listener proficiency level. The findings in the present study may be applied in classroom teaching for intermediate and advanced level non-native speakers, but the primary purpose of this study is to contribute to studies on FT in general.
Dynamics and Behaviour of Triply Resonant OPOs below the threshold
Creators: name: D'Auria, Virginia
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2006

description: Nella tesi è discusso il comportamento degli oscillatori ottici parametrici (OPO) come sorgenti di luce non classica.
La prima parte è dedicata allo studio e alla realizzazione di un “OPO degenere” in grado di emettere radiazione con fluttuazioni sulla fase del campo elettrico al di sotto del limite classico (vuoto squeezed). L’uscita dell’OPO è analizzata in funzione di diversi parametri (ampiezza del fascio di pompa, perdita extra e detuning della cavità). Sono riportati i risultati sperimentali relativi alla rivelazione ed un modello teorico in grado di spiegarne l’andamento. E’ proposto e testato sperimentalmente uno schema sull’ uso di vuoto squeezed in misure di assorbimento a basso numero di fotoni.
La seconda parte della tesi è dedicata allo studio ed alla realizzazione di un “OPO non degenere” (NOPO) per la generazione di fasci correlati quantisticamente. E’ proposto uno schema teorico in grado di fornire una caratterizzazione completa della correlazione tra i fasci tramite la matrice di covarianza. Nell’ultima parte della tesi è discussa la realizzazione sperimentale  di un NOPO basato su un cristallo non lineare di tipo poled.
Additional file 3 of Validation of the Lean Healthcare Implementation Self-Assessment Instrument (LHISI) in the finnish healthcare context
Creators: name: Reponen, Elina
name: Jokela, Ritva
name: Blodgett, Janet C.
name: Rundall, Thomas G.
name: Shortell, Stephen M.
name: Nuutinen, Mikko
name: Skants, Noora
name: Mäkijärvi, Markku
name: Torkki, Paulus
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 3. The 25 survey items of the validated Lean Healthcare Implementation Self-Assessment Instrument (LHISI), version 3.0.
Evolution of neutron capture elements in dwarf galaxies
Creators: name: Molero, Marta
name: Romano, Donatella
name: Reichert, Moritz
name: Matteucci, Francesca
name: Arcones, Almudena
name: Cescutti, Gabriele
name: Simonetti, Paolo
name: Hansen, Camilla Juul
name: Lanfranchi, Gustavo A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the evolution of Eu and Ba abundances in local group dwarf spheroidal and ultra faint dwarf galaxies by means of detailed chemical evolution models and compare our results with new sets of homogeneous abundances. The adopted models include gas infall and outflow and have been previously tested. We investigate several production scenarios for r-process elements: merging neutron stars and magneto-rotational driven supernovae. Production of Ba through the main s-process acting in low- and intermediate- mass stars is considered as well. We also test different sets of nucleosynthesis yields. For merging neutron stars we adopt either a constant and short delay time for merging or a delay time distribution function. Our simulations show that: i) if r-process elements are produced only by a quick source, it is possible to reproduce the [Eu/Fe] vs [Fe/H], but those models fail in reproducing the [Ba/Fe] vs [Fe/H]. ii) If r-process elements are produced only with longer delays the opposite happens. iii) If both a quick source and a delayed one are adopted, such as magneto-rotational driven supernovae and merging neutron stars with a delay time distribution, the [Eu/Fe] abundance pattern is successfully reproduced, but models still fail in reproducing the [Ba/Fe]. iv) On the other hand, the characteristic abundances of Reticulum II can be reproduced only if both the Eu and the r-process fraction of Ba are produced on short and constant time delays during a single merging event. We discuss also other possible interpretations, including an inhomogeneous mixing of gas which might characterize this galaxy.
Additional file 4 of Validation of the Lean Healthcare Implementation Self-Assessment Instrument (LHISI) in the finnish healthcare context
Creators: name: Reponen, Elina
name: Jokela, Ritva
name: Blodgett, Janet C.
name: Rundall, Thomas G.
name: Shortell, Stephen M.
name: Nuutinen, Mikko
name: Skants, Noora
name: Mäkijärvi, Markku
name: Torkki, Paulus
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 4. Fit comparison of the 5-factor model with a 6-factor model constructed during earlier stages of LHISI development, and a model with all items loaded on a single factor.
Assessment of interhospital differences in the surgical site infection rates due to the patient and hospital related risk factors in US hospitals
Creators: name: Gujar, Vibha
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2021

description: Surgical site infection (SSI) is a significant patient safety issue in hospitals that is related to more extended hospital stays, and increased cost burden. Since the infection prevention strategies been inconsistently implemented in hospitals, hospital size must be an influential factor to cause an impact on SSI rates.We retrospectively analyzed 222,845 cases with SSI from National Inpatient Sample (NIS) data developed for Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP) database, between the year 2008 and 2012 at small (<250 beds), medium (25-450 beds), and large (100-450+ beds) size hospitals. Risk factors, including demographics, socioeconomic, location, and functioning features then introduced to compare interhospital SSI prevalence and county-specific SSI rates. Finally, risk factors were regressed to assess the association between risk factors and SSI measures.With an overall prevalence of 2.67 per 100 procedures, unadjusted prevalence rates were 2.9% in small, 2.62% in medium, and 2.65% in large hospitals (p<0.0001). Patients with transfers, high severity of the disease, comorbidities, catheterization, and academic hospitals were the vital distinguishing factors for SSI rates amongst the hospital varying in capacities. The elderly patients at the small rural and minorities (Black and Hispanic patients) at the large urban teaching hospitals were at higher SSI risks. Fluid & electrolyte imbalances and weight loss were most recorded comorbidities.Every year hospital administration aims to reduce SSIs without losing gained revenue. Besides infrequent adherence to infection prevention (IP) strategies, it identifies hospital and patient-related conditions that influence SSI rates. According to this study, interhospital SSI rates disparity associations were multifactorial with partial elucidations allied to variances in demographics, transfers, level of severity of the disease, comorbidities, and socioeconomic factors in small and large hospitals. The findings also led to more infection reduction exertions towards hospitals from rural and teaching hospitals from urban counties. Therefore, the assessments of infection prevention deficiencies with the refined overtime data provide more information on modifiable indicators and that if explored in more detail at hospital settings, it can help infection preventionist for benchmarking.
Chandra View of DA 530: A Sub-Energetic Supernova Remnant with a Pulsar Wind Nebula?
Creators: name: Jiang, Bing
name: Chen, Yang
name: Wang, Q. Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on a Chandra ACIS observation, we report the detection of an extended X-ray feature close to the center of the remnant DA 530 with 5.3 sigma above the background within a circle of 20'' radius. This feature, characterized by a power-law with the photon index gamma=1.6+-0.8 and spatially coinciding with a nonthermal radiosource, most likely represents a pulsar wind nebula. We have further examined the spectrum of the diffuse X-ray emission from the remnant interior with a background-subtracted count rate of ~0.06 counts s^-1 in 0.3-3.5 keV. The spectrum of the emission can be described by a thermal plasma with a temperature of ~0.3-0.6 keV and a Si over-abundance of >~7 solar. These spectral characteristics, together with the extremely low X-ray luminosity, suggest that the remnant arises from a supernova with an anomalously low mechanical energy (<10^50 ergs). The centrally-filled thermal X-ray emission of the remnant may indicate an early thermalization of the SN ejecta by the circum-stellar medium. Our results suggest that the remnant is likely the product of a core-collapsed SN with a progenitor mass of 8-12 Msun. Similar remnants are probably common in the Galaxy, but have rarely been studied.
description: 23 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ; complete the abstract on astro-ph and correct some typos
Phishing Mitigation Techniques: A Literature Survey
Creators: name: Wosah, Nmachi Peace
name: Win, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Email is a channel of communication which is considered to be a confidential medium of communication for exchange of information among individuals and organisations. The confidentiality consideration about e-mail is no longer the case as attackers send malicious emails to users to deceive them into disclosing their private personal information such as username, password, and bank card details, etc. In search of a solution to combat phishing cybercrime attacks, different approaches have been developed. However, the traditional exiting solutions have been limited in assisting email users to identify phishing emails from legitimate ones. This paper reveals the different email and website phishing solutions in phishing attack detection. It first provides a literature analysis of different existing phishing mitigation approaches. It then provides a discussion on the limitations of the techniques, before concluding with an exploration into how phishing detection can be improved.
Classical and quantum scattering by a Coulomb potential
Creators: name: Nikishov, A. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For relativistic energies the small angle classical cross section for scattering on a Coulomb potential agrees with the first Born approximation for quantum cross section for scalar particle only in the leading term. The disagreement in other terms can be avoided if the sum of all corrections to the first Born approximation for large enough Coulomb charge contain the classical terms which are independent of that charge. A small part of the difference in classical and quantum cross sections may be attributed to the fact that the relativistic quantum particle can rush through the field without interaction. We expect that smaller impact parameters and spin facilitate this affect.
description: 5pages, no figures
Additional file 1 of New adaptive lasso approaches for variable selection in automated pharmacovigilance signal detection
Creators: name: Courtois, Émeline
name: Tubert-Bitter, Pascale
name: Ahmed, Ismaïl
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 1 Supplementary materials : average number of signals generated across simulation scenarios Average number of signals generated by adaptive lasso-based approaches (Table A), RFET and lasso-based approaches (Table B) and PS-based approaches (Table C) across all simulated scenarios
Classical approximation schemes for the ground-state energy of quantum and classical Ising spin Hamiltonians on planar graphs
Creators: name: Bansal, Nikhil
name: Bravyi, Sergey
name: Terhal, Barbara M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe an efficient approximation algorithm for evaluating the ground-state energy of the classical Ising Hamiltonian with linear terms on an arbitrary planar graph. The running time of the algorithm grows linearly with the number of spins and exponentially with 1/epsilon, where epsilon is the worst-case relative error. This result contrasts the well known fact that exact computation of the ground-state energy for the two-dimensional Ising spin glass model is NP-hard. We also present a classical approximation algorithm for the Local Hamiltonian Problem or Quantum Ising Spin Glass problem on a planar graph with bounded degree which is known to be a QMA-complete problem. Using a different technique we find a classical approximation algorithm for the quantum Ising spin glass problem on the simplest planar graph with unbounded degree, the star graph.
description: 7 pages; v2 has some small corrections; the presentation in v3 has been substantially revised. v4 is considerably expanded and includes our results on quantum Ising spin glasses
Possible tetraquark states in the $π^+ χ_{c1}$ invariant mass distribution
Creators: name: Wang, Zhi-Gang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article, we assume that there exist hidden charmed tetraquark states with the spin-parity $J^P=1^-$, and calculate their masses with the QCD sum rules. The numerical result indicates that the masses of the vector hidden charmed tetraquark states are about $M_{Z}=(5.12\pm0.15) \rm{GeV}$ or $M_{Z}=(5.16\pm0.16) \rm{GeV}$, which are inconsistent with the experimental data on the $π^+ χ_{c1}$ invariant mass distribution. The hidden charmed mesons $Z_1$, $Z_2$ or $Z$ may be scalar hidden charmed tetraquark states, hadro-charmonium resonances or molecular states.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures
Additional file 2 of Daily rhythms in gene expression of the human parasite Schistosoma mansoni
Creators: name: Rawlinson, Kate A.
name: Reid, Adam J.
name: Lu, Zhigang
name: Driguez, Patrick
name: Wawer, Anna
name: Coghlan, Avril
name: Sankaranarayanan, Geetha
name: Buddenborg, Sarah K.
name: Soria, Carmen Diaz
name: McCarthy, Catherine
name: Holroyd, Nancy
name: Sanders, Mandy
name: Hoffmann, Karl F.
name: Wilcockson, David
name: Rinaldi, Gabriel
name: Berriman, Matthew
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2: Supplementary Figs. 1-14. Figure S1. - STRING interaction of night-time peaking genes in female worms. Figure S2. – Heatmaps of diel genes involved in heat shock response and recovery. Figure S3-5. – Diel genes in KEGG pathways ‘Protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum’, ‘PI3K-AKT signaling pathway’ and ‘Estrogen signaling pathway’. Figure S6. - STRING interaction of day-time peaking genes in female and male worms. Figure S7. – In situ hybrisation of Val12 gene in males. Figure S8. – Heatmaps of sex-specific 24-hour rhythmic processes. Figure S9. – Day vs night egg counts. Figure S10. – Heatmaps of diel genes common to female and male worms. Figure S11. – Phylogenies of animal core circadian clock genes. Figure S12. – Phylogenies of animal secondary circadian clock genes. Figure S13. – PCA plot of all samples collected for male and male head time series. Figure S14. – Temporal expression profiles of genes validated by in situ hybridisation.
Reducing Surface Wetness Leads to Tropical Hydrological Cycle Regime Transition
Creators: name: Fan, Bowen
name: Tan, Zhihong
name: Shaw, Tiffany A.
name: Kite, Edwin S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Earth's modern climate is characterized by wet, rainy deep tropics, however paleoclimate and planetary science have revealed a wide range of hydrological cycle regimes connected to different external parameters. Here we investigate how surface wetness affects the tropical hydrological cycle. When surface wetness is decreased in an Earth-like general circulation model, the tropics remain wet but transition from a rainy to rain-free regime. The rain-free regime occurs when surface precipitation is suppressed as negative evaporation (surface condensation) balances moisture flux convergence. The regime transition is dominated by near-surface relative humidity changes in contrast to the hypothesis that relative humidity changes are small. We show near-surface relative humidity changes responsible for the regime transition are controlled by re-evaporation of stratiform precipitation near the lifting condensation level. Re-evaporation impacts the near-surface through vertical mixing. Our results reveal a new rain-free tropical hydrological cycle regime that goes beyond the wet/dry paradigm.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures, accepted by Geophysical Research Letters
The HARPS search for southern extra-solar planets XII. A giant planet orbiting the metal-poor star HD171028
Creators: name: Santos, N. C.
name: Mayor, M.
name: Bouchy, F.
name: Pepe, F.
name: Queloz, D.
name: Udry, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we present the detection of a 1.8 M_Jup planet in a 538 day period trajectory orbiting the metal-poor star HD171028 ([Fe/H]=-0.49). This planet is the first to be discovered in the context of a HARPS program searching for planets around metal-poor stars. Interestingly, HD171028 is one of the least metal-poor stars in the sample. This discovery is placed in the context of the models of planet formation and evolution.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
Revisiting the Okubo-Marshak argument
Creators: name: Gaß, Christian
name: Gracia-Bondía, José M.
name: Mund, Jens
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Modular localization and the theory of string-localized fields have revolutionized several key aspects of quantum field theory. They reinforce the contention that local symmetry emerges directly from quantum theory, but global gauge invariance remains in general an unwarranted assumption, to be examined case by case. Armed with those modern tools, we reconsider here the classical Okubo-Marshak argument on the non-existence of a "strong CP problem" in quantum chromodynamics.
description: Latex, 16 pages. To the memory of Bob Marshak and Daniel Testard
Additional file 3 of Daily rhythms in gene expression of the human parasite Schistosoma mansoni
Creators: name: Rawlinson, Kate A.
name: Reid, Adam J.
name: Lu, Zhigang
name: Driguez, Patrick
name: Wawer, Anna
name: Coghlan, Avril
name: Sankaranarayanan, Geetha
name: Buddenborg, Sarah K.
name: Soria, Carmen Diaz
name: McCarthy, Catherine
name: Holroyd, Nancy
name: Sanders, Mandy
name: Hoffmann, Karl F.
name: Wilcockson, David
name: Rinaldi, Gabriel
name: Berriman, Matthew
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 3: Supplementary information 1. SmKI-1, a Bovine Pancreatic Trypsin Inhibitor/Kunitz protease inhibitor domain protein. Supplementary information 2. Clock gene protein structure.
The evolution of the brightest cluster galaxies since z~1 from the ESO Distant Cluster Survey (EDisCS)
Creators: name: Whiley, I. M.
name: Aragon-Salamanca, A.
name: De Lucia, G.
name: von der Linden, A.
name: Bamford, S. P.
name: Best, P.
name: Bremer, M. N.
name: Jablonka, P.
name: Johnson, O.
name: Milvang-Jensen, B.
name: Noll, S.
name: Poggianti, B. M.
name: Rudnick, G.
name: Saglia, R.
name: White, S.
name: Zaritsky, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: [Abridged] We present K-band data for the brightest cluster galaxies (BCGs) from the ESO Distant Cluster Survey. These data are combined with photometry from Aragon-Salamanca et al. (1998) and a low-redshift comparison sample from von der Linden et al. (2007). The K-band Hubble diagram for BCGs exhibits very low scatter (~0.35mag) since z=1. The colour and $K$-band luminosity evolution of the BCGs are in good agreement with passively-evolving stellar populations formed at z>2. We do not detect any significant change in the stellar mass of the BCG since z~1. These results do not seem to depend on the velocity dispersion of the parent cluster. There is a correlation between the 1D velocity dispersion of the clusters and the K-band luminosity of the BCGs (after correcting for passive evolution). The clusters with large velocity dispersions tend to have brighter BCGs, i.e., BCGs with larger stellar masses. This dependency, although significant, is relatively weak: the stellar mass of the BCGs changes only by ~70% over a two-order-of-magnitude range in cluster mass. This dependency doesn't change significantly with redshift. The models of De Lucia & Blaizot (2007) predict colours which are in reasonable agreement with the observations because the growth in stellar mass is dominated by the accretion of old stars. However, the stellar mass in the model BCGs grows by a factor of 3-4 since z=1, a growth rate which seems to be ruled out by the observations. The models predict a dependency between the BCG's stellar mass and the velocity dispersion of the parent cluster in the same sense as the data, but the dependency is significantly stronger than observed. However, one major difficulty in this comparison is that we have measured fixed metric aperture magnitudes while the models compute total luminosities.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Kerr spacetime geometric optics for vortex beams
Creators: name: Tamburini, Fabrizio
name: Feleppa, Fabiano
name: Licata, Ignazio
name: Thidé, Bo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply the analogy between gravitational fields and optical media in the general relativistic geometric optics framework to describe how light can acquire orbital angular momentum (OAM) when it traverses the gravitational field of a massive rotating compact object and the interplay between OAM and polarization. Kerr spacetimes are known not only to impose a gravitational Faraday rotation on the polarization of a light beam, but also to set a characteristic fingerprint in the orbital angular momentum distribution of the radiation passing nearby a rotating black hole (BH). Kerr spacetime behaves like an inhomogeneous and anisotropic medium, in which light can acquire orbital angular momentum and spin-to-orbital angular momentum conversion can occur, acting as a polarization and phase changing medium for the gravitationally lensed light, as confirmed by the data analysis of M87* black hole.
description: 9 pages, 1 figure
Measurement of fundamental thermal noise limit in a cryogenic sapphire frequency standard using bimodal maser oscillations
Creators: name: Benmessai, Karim
name: Creedon, Daniel Lloyd
name: Tobar, Michael Edmund
name: Bourgeois, Pierre-Yves
name: Kersale, Yann
name: Giordano, Vincent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report observations of the Schawlow-Townes noise limit in a cryogenic sapphire secondary frequency standard. The effect causes a fundamental limit to the frequency stability, and was measured through the novel excitation of a bimodal maser oscillation of a Whispering Gallery doublet at $12.04 GHz$. The beat frequency of $10 kHz$ between the oscillations enabled a sensitive probe for this measurement of fractional frequency instability of $10^{-14}τ^{-1/2}$ with only 0.5 $pW$ of output power.
description: Published in PRL 100, 233901 (2008)
ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ РЕЗУЛЬТАТОВ АУТОПСИИ ПРИ ПРОИЗВОДСТВЕ СУДЕБНО-МЕДИЦИНСКИХ ЭКСПЕРТИЗ
Creators: name: Абдуллаева, Нина
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: В данной статье представлена информация о том, как анализировать данные, изучать внутреннее строение органов, проводить измерения и выполнять другие необходимые исследования для специалистов, работающих с виртуальным вскрытием, традиционным вскрытием и трехмерными моделями.
Formal Maurer-Cartan Structures: from CFT to Classical Field Equations
Creators: name: Zeitlin, Anton M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We show how the well-known classical field equations as Einstein and Yang-Mills ones, which arise as the conformal invariance conditions of certain two-dimensional theories, expanded up to the second order in the formal parameter, can be reformulated as Generalized/formal Maurer-Cartan equations (GMC), where the differential is the BRST operator of String theory. We introduce the bilinear operations which are present in GMC, and study their properties, allowing us to find the symmetries of the resulting equations which will be naturally identified with the diffeomorphism and gauge symmetries of Einstein and Yang-Mills equations correspondingly.
description: LaTeX2e, 26 pages; typos corrected, references added
Additional file 1 of Finnish late adolescents’ physical activity during COVID-19 spring 2020 lockdown
Creators: name: Ng, Kwok
name: Koski, Pasi
name: Lyyra, Nelli
name: Palomaki, Sanna
name: Mononen, Kaisu
name: Blomqvist, Minna
name: Vasankari, Tommi
name: Kokko, Sami
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Table. Types of physical activities a few times a week during lockdown by gender. Chi-square test between gender.
Science Communication: It’s a Dialogue, Not a Monologue
Creators: name: Farmer, Ryan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 170106 Health, Clinical and Counselling Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: 170199 Psychology not elsewhere classified

description: This blog post from the SSSP ECF discusses science communication as an important form of outreach for researchers in school psychology. The author provides a series of resources for getting started, and some general recommendations.
Reverberation mapping of Active Galactic Nuclei: from X-ray corona to dusty torus
Creators: name: Cackett, Edward M.
name: Bentz, Misty C.
name: Kara, Erin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The central engines of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGNs) are powered by accreting supermassive black holes, and while AGNs are known to play an important role in galaxy evolution, the key physical processes occur on scales that are too small to be resolved spatially (aside from a few exceptional cases). Reverberation mapping is a powerful technique that overcomes this limitation by using echoes of light to determine the geometry and kinematics of the central regions. Variable ionizing radiation from close to the black hole drives correlated variability in surrounding gas/dust, but with a time delay due to the light travel time between the regions, allowing reverberation mapping to effectively replace spatial resolution with time resolution. Reverberation mapping is used to measure black hole masses and to probe the innermost X-ray emitting region, the UV/optical accretion disk, the broad emission line region and the dusty torus. In this article we provide an overview of the technique and its varied applications.
description: 63 pages, 10 figures, invited review of reverberation mapping accepted for publication in iScience special issue on Black Holes
Quantum estimation via minimum Kullback entropy principle
Creators: name: Olivares, Stefano
name: Paris, Matteo G. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We address quantum estimation in situations where one has at disposal data from the measurement of an incomplete set of observables and some a priori information on the state itself. By expressing the a priori information in terms of a bias toward a given state the problem may be faced by minimizing the quantum relative entropy (Kullback entropy) with the constraint of reproducing the data. We exploit the resulting minimum Kullback entropy principle for the estimation of a quantum state from the measurement of a single observable, either from the sole mean value or from the complete probability distribution, and apply it as a tool for the estimation of weak Hamiltonian processes. Qubit and harmonic oscillator systems are analyzed in some details.
description: 7 pages, slightly revised version, no figures
Transnational Art and the Multicultural City
Creators: name: Bjerkem, Brynjar
Publisher: name: Faculty of Fine and Applied Arts, Chulalongkorn University
Year: 2011
Subjects: Transculturality, Transnational Arts Production, Hybridization of Art, Art and Recycling, Heri Dono, Lim Dim Vietnam

description: -, 2, Journal of Urban Culture Research
ฟีโนไทป์บางประการที่ตอบสนองต่อความเค็มในต้นกล้าข้าวพื้นเมืองไทย (Some Physiological Phenotypes Responding to Salt Stress of Local Thai Rice Seedlings)
Creators: name: นพคุณ คุณผลวัฒนา
Publisher: name: Genetics Society of Thailand
Year: 2013
Subjects: local Thai rice, salt tolerance, cluster analysis

description: S1 (Special Issue 1), S.1, Thai Journal of Genetics
ความผันแปรของดีเอ็นเอไมโทคอนเดรียในประชากรชาวเขมร จังหวัดสุรินทร์ ประเทศไทย
Creators: name: พิชชาภา บุญโสดา
name: ศุภรัตน์ ศรีทะวงษ์
name: สุปราณี ศรีกู่กา
name: วิภู กุตะนันท์
Publisher: name: Genetics Society of Thailand
Year: 2013
Subjects: mitochondrial DNA variation, the Khmer, genetic structure

description: 1, 6, Thai Journal of Genetics
The Effect of Foreign Language Use on Human Papillomavirus Vaccine Intentions
Creators: name: Rui, Tang
Publisher: name: University of Chicago
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: risk perception
subject: vaccination intention
subject: foreign language

description: Due to globalization, people increasingly need to make decisions and judgments in a foreign language rather than their native language environment. This thesis examines whether the use of a foreign language has an impact on vaccination intentions. Previous research suggested that the use of a foreign language might decrease perceived risks and increased perceived benefits by influencing their overall affective evaluation of relative risk. Based on this, I hypothesized that foreign language use would increase people's willingness to get the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine by decreasing the perceived risks of the vaccine and increasing its perceived benefits. The data collection for this study is still ongoing. Based on the data obtained thus far, although the results are not significant, the use of a foreign language might actually reduce vaccination intentions of participants by decreasing their perceived risks of HPV infection. In order to further investigate the effect of foreign language use on vaccination intentions, future studies should examine the effect of foreign language use on the perceived risks of HPV infection and the perceived risks of HPV vaccine independently