cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: ÐÑÑÐ»ÐµÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ Ð¸ Ð°Ð½Ð°Ð»Ð¸Ð· Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÑÐµÑÑÐ° Ð¾Ð±ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐºÐ¸ Ð¼ÐµÑ Ð°Ð½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ñ Ð´ÐµÑÐ°Ð»ÐµÐ¹ Ð²Ð¸Ð±ÑÐ¾ÑÐ´Ð°ÑÐ½ÑÐ¼ Ð¼ÐµÑÐ¾Ð´Ð¾Ð¼
title: Ð²ÑÐ¿ÑÑÐºÐ½Ð°Ñ ÐºÐ²Ð°Ð»Ð¸ÑÐ¸ÐºÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ° Ð¼Ð°Ð³Ð¸ÑÑÑÐ°
titleType: Subtitle
title: Research and analysis of the process of machining mechanical parts by the vibro-percussion method
Creators: name: ÐÐ°Ð½ Ð§ÐµÐ½ÑÐ°Ð½Ñ
Publisher: name: Ð¡Ð°Ð½ÐºÑ-ÐÐµÑÐµÑÐ±ÑÑÐ³ÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ ÑÐ½Ð¸Ð²ÐµÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑ ÐÐµÑÑÐ° ÐÐµÐ»Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾
Year: 2024
Subjects: ÐÐµÑÐ°Ð»Ð¸ Ð¼Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð½
Ð¾Ð±ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐºÐ° Ð¾Ñ Ð²Ð¸Ð±ÑÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½ÑÑ ÑÐ´Ð°ÑÐ¾Ð²
Ð¾Ð±ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐºÐ° Ð¿Ð¾Ð²ÐµÑÑ Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸
ÑÑÐ¸Ð±Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸Ñ
Ð¸Ð·Ð½Ð¾Ñ Ð¼Ð°ÑÐµÑÐ¸Ð°Ð»Ð°
ÐºÐ°ÑÐµÑÑÐ²Ð¾ Ð¿Ð¾Ð²ÐµÑÑ Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸
Ð¾ÑÑÐ°ÑÐ¾ÑÐ½Ð¾Ðµ Ð½Ð°Ð¿ÑÑÐ¶ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ
vibration shock treatment
surface treatment
tribology
material wear
surface quality
residual stress

description: ÐÐ°Ð¿ÑÐ°Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ Ð´Ð¸ÑÑÐµÑÑÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÑ - ÑÐ»ÑÑÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ ÑÐ¸Ð·Ð¸ÐºÐ¾-Ð¼ÐµÑÐ°Ð½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ñ Ð¸ Ð³ÐµÐ¾Ð¼ÐµÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ñ ÑÐ²Ð¾Ð¹ÑÑÐ² Ð¿Ð¾Ð²ÐµÑÑÐ½Ð¾ÑÑÐ½ÑÑ ÑÐ»Ð¾ÐµÐ² Ð¼ÐµÑÐ°Ð½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ñ Ð´ÐµÑÐ°Ð»ÐµÐ¹ Ñ ÑÐµÐ»ÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð²ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¸Ñ Ð´Ð¾Ð»Ð³Ð¾Ð²ÐµÑÐ½Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸ Ð¿ÑÐ¸ Ð¿ÑÐ°ÐºÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ð¼ Ð¸ÑÐ¿Ð¾Ð»ÑÐ·Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ð¸. ÐÑÐµÐ´Ð¼ÐµÑÐ¾Ð¼ Ð¸ÑÑÐ»ÐµÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ ÑÐ²Ð»ÑÐµÑÑÑ Ð²Ð»Ð¸ÑÐ½Ð¸Ðµ Ð²Ð¸Ð±ÑÐ¾ÑÐ´Ð°ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸Ð¸ Ð½Ð° ÑÐ»ÑÑÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ ÑÐ²Ð¾Ð¹ÑÑÐ² Ð¿Ð¾Ð²ÐµÑÑÐ½Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸ Ð¼ÐµÑÐ°Ð½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ñ Ð´ÐµÑÐ°Ð»ÐµÐ¹, Ð² ÑÐ¾Ð¼ ÑÐ¸ÑÐ»Ðµ Ð½Ð° ÑÐ½Ð¸Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ ÑÐµÑÐ¾ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°ÑÐ¾ÑÑÐ¸ Ð¿Ð¾Ð²ÐµÑÑÐ½Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸, Ð¿Ð¾Ð²ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ Ð¼Ð¸ÐºÑÐ¾ÑÐ²ÐµÑÐ´Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸ Ð¸ ÑÐµÐ³ÑÐ»Ð¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ Ð¾ÑÑÐ°ÑÐ¾ÑÐ½ÑÑ Ð½Ð°Ð¿ÑÑÐ¶ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ð¹. Ð Ð´Ð¸ÑÑÐµÑÑÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¸ ÑÐ°ÐºÐ¶Ðµ ÑÐ°ÑÑÐ¼Ð°ÑÑÐ¸Ð²Ð°ÑÑÑÑ Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð²Ñ ÑÑÐ¸Ð±Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸Ð¸, Ð¸Ð·ÑÑÐ°ÑÑÑÑ Ð½Ð°ÑÑÐ½ÑÐµ Ð¿ÑÐ¸Ð½ÑÐ¸Ð¿Ñ ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ, Ð¸Ð·Ð½Ð¾ÑÐ° Ð¸ ÑÐ¼Ð°Ð·ÐºÐ¸ Ð¸ Ð¸Ñ Ð¿ÑÐ¸Ð¼ÐµÐ½ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ Ðº Ð¼ÐµÑÐ°Ð½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ð¹ Ð¾Ð±ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐºÐµ.
description: The direction of the thesis work is the improvement of physical, mechanical and geometric properties of surface layers of mechanical parts in order to increase their durability in practical use. The subject of the research is the influence of vibro-impact technology on the improvement of surface properties of mechanical parts, including the reduction of surface roughness, increase of microhardness and regulation of residual stresses. The thesis also covers the fundamentals of tribology, examining the scientific principles of friction, wear and lubrication and their application to machining.
On multiparticle W states, their implementations and applications in quantum information problems
Creators: name: Gorbachev, V. N.
name: Trubilko, A. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Large number of multimode entangled states of light generated in down conversion processes belongs to a collection which is natural generalization of the W class. A brief overview of these states, schemes for their preparation, experimental implementations and possible applications are presented.
description: 14 pages, 3 figures, submitted to Laser Laser Physics Review, replaced with revised version
Additional file 5 of Bacterial diversity associated with the abdomens of naturally Plasmodium-infected and non-infected Nyssorhynchus darlingi
Creators: name: Oliveira, Tatiane Marques Porangaba
name: Sanabani, Sabri Saeed
name: Sallum, Maria Anice Mureb
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 5. Rarefaction curves of OTUs (97% similarity) of V4 region of 16S rRNA gene sequences from 16 samples. Rarefaction curves were generated in Qiime2 (2019.1 version). Bars correspond to the standard deviation in each depth step after 10 iterations (rarefied tables computed at each sampling depth).
Tennessee Agriculture and Forestry Industry Clusters and Economic Performance, 2001-2006
Creators: name: Stewart, Lance A.
name: Lambert, Dayton M.
name: Wilcox, Michael D.
name: English, Burton C.
name: Stewart, Lance A.
name: Lambert, Dayton M.
name: Wilcox, Michael D.
name: English, Burton C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: comparative advantage
subject: economic development
subject: industry clusters
subject: nonparametric clustering
subject: value chains

description: Industry cluster identification methods determine linkages between purchasers and suppliers at the county level for 447 economic sectors in Tennessee. Using an econometric model, the cluster analysis is extended to estimate which value chains contributed to economic growth between 2001 and 2006. Businesses making up the agriculture and forestry clusters enjoyed increased output per job in 34% and 32%, respectively, of Tennessee's counties. The spatial pattern of these findings was significant, suggesting that some counties may benefit from regional coordination of projects designed to enhance or retain businesses in these industry clusters.
Dielectrophoresis of nanoscale dsDNA and humidity effects on its electrical conductivity
Creators: name: Tuukkanen, S.
name: Kuzyk, A.
name: Toppari, J. J.
name: Hytonen, V. P.
name: Ihalainen, T.
name: Torma, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: Other Quantitative Biology (q-bio.OT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The dielectrophoresis method for trapping and attaching nanoscale double-stranded DNA between nanoelectrodes was developed. The method gives a high yield of trapping single or a few molecules only which enables transport measurements at the single molecule level. Electrical conductivity of individual 140-nm-long DNA molecules was measured, showing insulating behavior in dry conditions. In contrast, clear enhancement of conductivity was observed in moist conditions, relating to the interplay between the conformation of DNA molecules and their conductivity.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures
Universality of Regge and vibrational trajectories in a semiclassical model
Creators: name: Silvestre-Brac, Bernard
name: Brau, Fabian
name: Semay, Claude
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The orbital and radial excitations of light-light mesons are studied in the framework of the dominantly orbital state description. The equation of motion is characterized by a relativistic kinematics supplemented by the usual funnel potential with a mixed scalar and vector confinement. The influence of finite quark masses and potential parameters on Regge and vibrational trajectories is discussed. The case of heavy-light mesons is also presented.
description: 12 pages
Research Lags Revisited: Concepts and Evidence from U.S. Agriculture
Creators: name: Alston, Julian M.
name: Pardey, Philip G.
name: Ruttan, Vernon W.
name: Alston, Julian M.
name: Pardey, Philip G.
name: Ruttan, Vernon W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: Many researchers and commentators underestimate the length and importance of the time lags between initial research investment and ultimate impacts on the development and adoption of technological innovations. In both econometric studies of productivity and ex post and ex ante benefit-cost evaluations of research investments, researchers typically impose untested assumptions about the R&D lag, which can have profound implications for the results. In this paper we present a range of evidence on agricultural R&D lags including both aggregative analysis of U.S. agricultural productivity using time series data, and some specific details on the timelines for the research, development, and adoption processes for particular mechanical and biological innovations in U.S. agriculture. The aggregative analysis makes use of a comparatively rich state-level data set on U.S. agriculture that makes it possible to test hypotheses about the R&D lag and to evaluate the implications for the specification of models of production and for findings regarding the rate of return to public research investments. The results support the use of a longer lag with a different shape than is typically imposed in studies of industrial R&D. These findings are supported by the timelines for specific technological innovations, including new crop varieties, as well as tractors and other mechanical innovations.
Testing General Relativity on cosmological scales at redshift z ~ 1.5 with quasar and CMB lensing
Creators: name: Zhang, Yucheng
name: Pullen, Anthony R.
name: Alam, Shadab
name: Singh, Sukhdeep
name: Burtin, Etienne
name: Chuang, Chia-Hsun
name: Hou, Jiamin
name: Lyke, Brad W.
name: Myers, Adam D.
name: Neveux, Richard
name: Ross, Ashley J.
name: Rossi, Graziano
name: Zhao, Cheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We test general relativity (GR) at the effective redshift $\bar{z} \sim 1.5$ by estimating the statistic $E_G$, a probe of gravity, on cosmological scales $19 - 190\,h^{-1}{\rm Mpc}$. This is the highest-redshift and largest-scale estimation of $E_G$ so far. We use the quasar sample with redshifts $0.8 < z < 2.2$ from Sloan Digital Sky Survey IV extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (eBOSS) Data Release 16 (DR16) as the large-scale structure (LSS) tracer, for which the angular power spectrum $C_\ell^{qq}$ and the redshift-space distortion (RSD) parameter $β$ are estimated. By cross correlating with the $\textit{Planck}$ 2018 cosmic microwave background (CMB) lensing map, we detect the angular cross-power spectrum $C_\ell^{κq}$ signal at $12\,σ$ significance. Both jackknife resampling and simulations are used to estimate the covariance matrix (CM) of $E_G$ at $5$ bins covering different scales, with the later preferred for its better constraints on the covariances. We find $E_G$ estimates agree with the GR prediction at $1\,σ$ level over all these scales. With the CM estimated with $300$ simulations, we report a best-fit scale-averaged estimate of $E_G(\bar{z})=0.30\pm 0.05$, which is in line with the GR prediction $E_G^{\rm GR}(\bar{z})=0.33$ with $\textit{Planck}$ 2018 CMB+BAO matter density fraction $Ω_{\rm m}=0.31$. The statistical errors of $E_G$ with future LSS surveys at similar redshifts will be reduced by an order of magnitude, which makes it possible to constrain modified gravity models.
description: 16 pages, 14 figures; references added, matches version accepted by MNRAS
Transportation management associations : vehicles for democratizing Canadian transportation planning?
Creators: name: Jolly, Carole J.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Research on transportation demand management and Transportation Management Associations has been largely relegated to an American context. This has left a gap in the knowledge of how Transportation Management Associations have played out in the Canadian realm, and more importantly, leaves us to wonder about the potential contributions that Canadian-based TMAs may make in moving towards more sustainable transportation. While recognizing that some US-based research can help in our understanding of Canadian-based Transportation Management Associations, there remains an element of uncertainty about the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and constraints that Canadian-based TMAs face in reaching transportation demand management goals. This thesis studies the program and implementation features of two Canadian-based TMAs to reorient the American focus to a Canadian context, provide insights to the processes and outcomes surrounding their implementation, and to determine their potential for contributing to the democratization of transportation planning over the long term. This thesis concludes that the TMA organization plays an important role in driving processes of decentralized transportation planning. Through a democratized and decentralized planning approach, the transportation sector becomes better suited to meet the needs of civic society in a more sustainable fashion. This thesis highlights the importance of government support in the promotion of TMA organizations and TMA initiatives at the local level. A decentralized planning approach works when civic society organizations become engaged in the development of transportation programs that meet the needs of the local area. At the same time, higher levels of government must learn from local experience and use local expertise to implement policies that support local TDM initiatives. Without such multi-level government support networks, civic efforts to create TDM programs become undermined. Shifting transportation planning and decision-making processes to the local level enables civic engagement where the collective learning and knowledge about local transportation problems help foster collaborative action towards workable solutions.
Capital Service Flows: Concepts and Comparisons of Alternative Measures in U.S. Agriculture
Creators: name: Andersen, Matthew A.
name: Alston, Julian M.
name: Pardey, Philip G.
name: Andersen, Matthew A.
name: Alston, Julian M.
name: Pardey, Philip G.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: capital measures
subject: U.S. agriculture
subject: state-level panel data

description: Measures of capital services are used in studies of production and to inform policies related to growth and development. A variety of methods have been used to measure capital stocks and service flows. In this study we review methods commonly used to measure capital service flows, and outline important assumptions used in constructing such measures. We examine two recently constructed data sets that measure capital inputs in U.S. agriculture. Substantial differences in the measures appear to have been caused by the use of a fixed real interest rate versus a variable real market interest rate to calculate capital services.
Little Black Holes as Dark Matter Candidates with Feasible Cosmic and Terrestrial Interactions
Creators: name: Rabinowitz, Mario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Little black holes (LBH) contribute to the accelerated expansion of the Universe, and interact with stars, neutron stars, and planets. A range of proposals are reviewed in which LBH are considered to be a component of dark matter/dark energy. A LBH is a candidate for the 1908 devastation of Tungus Siberia, as important LBH interactions were overlooked. LBH passing through neutron star pulsars are capable of causing a change in. Energy input due to the passage of LBH through the earth, sun, and neutron stars is examined to determine if they could initiate tremors and quakes in such bodies. In encounters with the earth.s atmosphere, LBH can manifest themselves as the core energy source of ball lightning (BL). Relating the LBH incidence rate on earth to BL occurrence has the potential of shedding light on the distribution of LBH in the universe, and their velocities relative to the earth. Most BL features can be explained by a testable LBH model. The total number of degrees of freedom of a d-dimensional body in n-space is derived so that equipartition of energy may be applied in the early universe. Blackbody and Hawking radiation are generalized to n-space. The entropy of LBH and of the universe are examined. The largest possible attractive force, repulsive force, and luminosity in nature are considered in the context of LBH. A question is raised as to whether the Planck scale is truly fundamental. The gravitational fine structure constant is re-examined.
description: 59 pages, 1 figure
Preliminary Impacts of a New Seasonal Work Program on Rural Household Incomes in the Pacific
Creators: name: Gibson, John
name: McKenzie, David
name: Gibson, John
name: McKenzie, David
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Propensity score matching
subject: Rural household incomes
subject: Seasonal work programs

description: Seasonal work programs are increasingly advocated by international aid agencies as a way of enabling both developed and developing countries to benefit from migration. They are argued to provide workers with new skills and allow them to send remittances home, without the receiving country having to worry about long-term assimilation and the source country worrying about permanent loss of skills. However, formal evidence as to the development impact of seasonal worker programs is nonexistent. This paper provides the first such evaluation, studying New Zealand's new Recognized Seasonal Employer (RSE) program which allows Pacific Island migrants to work in horticulture and viticulture in New Zealand for up to seven months per year. We use baseline and follow-up waves of surveys we are carrying out in Tonga to form difference-in-difference and propensity score matching estimates of short-term impacts on household income and consumption.
On the maximum mass of neutron stars and GW190814
Creators: name: Godzieba, Daniel A.
name: Radice, David
name: Bernuzzi, Sebastiano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by the recent discovery of a compact object with mass in the range $2.5{-}2.67\, \mathrm{M}_\odot$ in the binary merger GW190814, we revisit the question of the maximum mass of neutron stars (NSs). We use a Markov Chain Monte Carlo approach to generate about 2 million phenomenological equations of state with and without first order phase transitions. We fix the crust equation of state and only assume causality at higher densities. We show how a strict upper bound on the maximum NS mass can be inferred from upcoming observation of NS radii and masses. The derived upper bounds depend only on relativity and causality, so it is not affected by nuclear physics uncertainties. We show how a lower limit on the maximum mass of NSs, in combination with upcoming measurements of NS radii by LIGO/Virgo and NICER, would constrain the equation of state of dense matter. Finally, we discuss the implications for GW190814.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, data available at https://zenodo.org/record/3954900#.XxcR-ucpBPY
A black hole mass threshold from non-singular quantum gravitational collapse
Creators: name: Bojowald, Martin
name: Goswami, Rituparno
name: Maartens, Roy
name: Singh, Parampreet
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum gravity is expected to remove the classical singularity that arises as the end-state of gravitational collapse. To investigate this, we work with a toy model of a collapsing homogeneous scalar field. We show that non-perturbative semi-classical effects of Loop Quantum Gravity cause a bounce and remove the black hole singularity. Furthermore, we find a critical threshold scale, below which no horizon forms -- quantum gravity may exclude very small astrophysical black holes.
description: Minor changes to match published version in Physical Review Letters
Population kinetics of many-electron atoms in ionizing plasmas studied using a continuous collisional radiative model
Creators: name: Nishio, Akira
name: Berengut, Julian C.
name: Hasuo, Masahiro
name: Fujii, Keisuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Collisional--radiative (CR) models based on \textit{ab initio} atomic structure calculation have been utilized over 20 years to analyze many-electron atomic and ionic spectra. Although the population distribution of the excited states in plasmas and their emission spectra are computed using the CR models, systematic and analytical understanding of the population kinetics are still lacking. % In this work, we present a reduced model of the population dynamics in many-electron atomic ions, in which we approximate the dense energy structure of complex many-electron atoms by a continuum, a continuous CR model (CCRM). Using this simplification, we show an analytical population distribution of many-electron atoms in plasmas and its electron-density and temperature dependence. % In particular, the CCRM shows that the population distribution of highly excited states of many-electron atoms in plasmas resembles a Boltzmann distribution but with an effective excitation temperature. We also show the existence of three typical electron-density regions and two electron-temperature regions where the parameter dependence of the excitation temperature is different. Analytical representations of the effective excitation temperature and the boundaries of these phases are also presented.
Triggers, Remedies, and Tariff Cuts: Assessing the Impact of a Special Safeguard Mechanism for Developing Countries
Creators: name: Grant, Jason H.
name: Meilke, Karl D.
name: Grant, Jason H.
name: Meilke, Karl D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: agriculture
subject: Doha Development Agenda
subject: July Package
subject: Special Safeguard Mechanism
subject: World Trade Organization

description: The WTO negotiations broke down on July 30th, 2008 because members could not bridge their differences over the operation of a Special Safeguard Mechanism (SSM). This article evaluates the latest SSM proposal using the world wheat market as our case study. Whether low-income WTO members should be allowed to breach their pre-Doha bound tariffs is a key element of our analysis. The SSM leads to sizeable additional duties but is not very trade distorting, even when pre-Doha bound rates are breached. Moreover, the extent to which low-income countries should be allowed to exceed pre-Doha bound rates depends heavily on the product under consideration, the ambition of the tariff cutting exercise, and the gap between members’ bound and applied tariffs.
Higher level $q$-oscillator representations for $U_q(C_n^{(1)}),U_q(C^{(2)}(n+1))$ and $U_q(B^{(1)}(0,n))$
Creators: name: Kwon, Jae-Hoon
name: Okado, Masato
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 17B37, 17B67

description: We introduce higher level $q$-oscillator representations for the quantum affine (super)algebras of type $C_n^{(1)},C^{(2)}(n+1)$ and $B^{(1)}(0,n)$. These representations are constructed by applying the fusion procedure to the level one $q$-oscillator representations which were obtained through the studies of the tetrahedron equation. We prove that these higher level $q$-oscillator representations are irreducible. For type $C_n^{(1)}$ and $C^{(2)}(n+1)$, we compute their characters explicitly in terms of Schur polynomials.
description: 41 pages; Theorem 4.1 has been added, where we prove the irreducibility of the higher level $q$-oscillator representation in a uniform way. The proof is given in Appendix D
On the depth of symbolic powers of edge ideals of graphs
Creators: name: Fakhari, S. A. Seyed
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Assume that $G$ is a graph with edge ideal $I(G)$ and star packing number $α_2(G)$. We denote the $s$-th symbolic power of $I(G)$ by $I(G)^{(s)}$. It is shown that the inequality ${\rm depth} S/(I(G)^{(s)})\geq α_2(G)-s+1$ is true for every chordal graph $G$ and every integer $s\geq 1$. Moreover, it is proved that for any graph $G$, we have ${\rm depth} S/(I(G)^{(2)})\geq α_2(G)-1$.
Good News, Bad News: Results from a National Representative Panel Survey on China’s NCMS
Creators: name: Yi, Hongmei
name: Zhang, Linxiu
name: Singer, Kim
name: Rozelle, Scott
name: Atlas, Scott
name: Yi, Hongmei
name: Zhang, Linxiu
name: Singer, Kim
name: Rozelle, Scott
name: Atlas, Scott
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Rural health
subject: Insurance
subject: China

description: The overall goal of the paper is to understand the progress of the implementation of China’s New Cooperative Medical System (NCMS) program. In the paper we seek to assess the strengths and weaknesses of the program and understand its effect on rural residents using a panel of national-representative, household survey data that were collected in 2005 and early 2008. According to our data, we found that there have been substantial improvements to the NCMS in coverage and participation. The service received by rural residents also improved in 2007. While the progress of the NCMS program is clear, there are still weaknesses. Most importantly, the program clearly does not meet its goal of providing insurance against catastrophic illnesses. On average, individuals that required inpatient treatment in 2007 were reimbursed for 15 percent of their expenditures. Although this is higher than in 2004, on average, as the severity of the illness (in terms of expenditures on health care) rose, the rate of coverage fell. The reimbursement rate for illnesses that required expenditures between 5,000 and 10,000 yuan (over 10,000 yuan) was only 11 percent (8 percent). Our analysis shows that the limiting factor is constrained funding.
Spurious gauge-invariance of higher-order contributions to the spectral energy density of the relic gravitons
Creators: name: Giovannini, Massimo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the same way as the energy density associated with the tensor modes of the geometry modifies the evolution of the curvature perturbations, the scalar modes may also indirectly affect the cosmic backgrounds of relic gravitons by inducing higher-order corrections that are only superficially gauge-invariant. This spurious gauge-invariance gets manifest when the effective anisotropic stresses, computed in different coordinate systems, are preliminarily expressed in a form that only depends on the curvature inhomogeneities defined on comoving orthogonal hypersurfaces and on their corresponding time derivatives. Using this observation we demonstrate in general terms that the higher-order contributions derived in diverse coordinate systems coincide when the wavelengths are smaller than the sound horizon defining the evolution of the curvature inhomogeneities but they lead to sharply different results in the opposite limit. A similar drawback arises when the energy density of the relic gravitons is derived from competing energy-momentum pseudo-tensors and should be consistently taken into account in the related phenomenological discussions.
description: 9 pages
Non-Tariff Measures in Agri-Food Trade: What Does the Data Tell Us? Evidence from a Cluster Analysis on OECD Imports
Creators: name: Disdier, Anne-Celia
name: Van Tongeren, Frank W.
name: Disdier, Anne-Celia
name: Van Tongeren, Frank W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Political Economy
subject: non-tariffs measures
subject: cluster analysis
subject: political economy of protection

description: Non-tariff measures (NTMs) are playing an increasing role in international trade of agri-food trade. Although well-recognized, this aspect has not been extensively analysed at a disaggregated product level. This paper presents a quantitative analysis of the trade incidence of NTMs notified by OECD countries on 777 products and clusters these products according to three trade indicators. While the ‘protection for sale’ literature provides useful explanations, it is not completely satisfying in resolving the puzzle of cross-product differences in the occurrence of NTMs.
Additional file 4 of Bacterial diversity associated with the abdomens of naturally Plasmodium-infected and non-infected Nyssorhynchus darlingi
Creators: name: Oliveira, Tatiane Marques Porangaba
name: Sanabani, Sabri Saeed
name: Sallum, Maria Anice Mureb
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 4. Composition of abundant OTUs at family level of all 16 samples after filtering non-bacterial sequences. Samples collected in Cruzeiro do Sul: AC114–1, AC141–7, AC143–9, AC173–25, AC173–27, AC143–7, AC144–22, AC144–15 and AC144–17. Sample collected in Mâncio Lima: AC360–21. Sample collected in Lábrea: AM40–106. Samples collected in Machadinho D’Oeste: RO161–24, RO161–26, RO161–30, RO163–29 and RO165–48.
Dynamical heterogeneities close to a colloidal gel
Creators: name: Puertas, Antonio M.
name: Fuchs, Matthias
name: Cates, Michael E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dynamical heterogeneities in a colloidal fluid close to gelation are studied by means of computer simulations. A clear distinction between some fast particles and the rest, slow ones, is observed, yielding a picture of the gel composed by two populations with different mobilities. Analyzing the statics and dynamics of both sets of particles, it is shown that the slow particles form a network of stuck particles, whereas the fast ones are able to move over long distances. Correlation functions show that the environment of the fast particles relaxes much faster than that of the slow ones, but at short times the bonds between fast particles are longer lived due to the flexibility of their structure. No string-like motion is observed for the fast particles, but they occupy preferential sites in the surface of the structure formed by the slow ones.
Classification of mixed high-dimensional multiparticle systems
Creators: name: Nagata, Koji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an inequality that classifies mixed multipartite systems of an arbitrary dimension with respect to separability and positivity of partial transpose properties. This inequality gives a way to experimentally classify the observed state of multipartite systems of an arbitrary dimension. The inequality also implies that a sufficient condition for a density operator to have no positive partial transpose with respect to any subsystem is that the fidelity to a generalized Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger state {[A. Cabello, Phys. Rev. A {\bf 63}, 022104 (2001)]} is larger than 1/2 for mixed multipartite systems of an arbitrary dimension.
description: 3 pages
$^{187}$Re(\gamm,n) cross section close to and above the neutron threshold
Creators: name: Müller, S.
name: Kretschmer, A.
name: Sonnabend, K.
name: Zilges, A.
name: Galaviz, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The neutron capture cross section of the unstable nucleus $^{186}$Re is studied by investigating the inverse photodisintegration reaction $^{187}$Re($γ$,n). The special interest of the {\it s}-process branching point $^{186}$Re is related to the question of possible {\it s}-process contributions to the abundance of the {\it r}-process chronometer nucleus ^{187}$Re. We use the photoactivation technique to measure photodisintegration rates. Our experimental results are in good agreement with two different statistical model calculations. Although the cross sections predicted by both models for the inverse reaction $^{186}$Re(n,$γ$) is too low to remove the overproduction of $^{186}$Os; the two predicted neutron-capture cross sections differ by a factor of 2.4; this calls for future theoretical study.
description: Phys. Rev. C, in press
The contribution of female non-farm income to poverty reduction
Creators: name: Seebens, Holger
name: Seebens, Holger
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: International Development
subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Income diversification
subject: off-farm employment
subject: women

description: There is a widely held view that off-farm income in developing countries tends to reduce poverty, leading to the conclusion that policies should focus on the further diversification of income options of rural households. However, much off-farm employment might be initiated rather as a survival strategy but as a sustainable way to reduce poverty in the long run. Using a rich data set from Tanzania, this study examines the potential income increases generated by off-farm income with a particular focus on off-farm income contributed by women. The findings indicate that women’s contributions to household income through off-farm activities are limited and smaller as compared to those of men. Investigating the possible reasons, fetching water and collecting firewood as well as the number of dependants limit women’s time that can be spent on off-farm activities.
Primordial magnetic seed field amplification by gravitational waves: comment on gr-qc/0503006
Creators: name: Tsagas, Christos G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the amplification of cosmological magnetic fields by gravitational waves as it was recently presented in [gr-qc/0503006]. That study confined to infinitely conductive environments, arguing that on spatially flat Friedmann backgrounds the gravito-magnetic interaction proceeds always as if the universe were a perfect conductor. We explain why this claim is not correct and then re-examine the Maxwell-Weyl coupling at the limit of ideal magnetohydrodynamics. We find that the scales of the main results of [gr-qc/0503006] were not properly assessed and that the incorrect scale assessment has compromised both the physical and the numerical results of the paper. This comment aims to clarify these issues on the one hand, while on the other it takes a closer look at the gauge-invariance and the nonlinearity of [gr-qc/0503006].
description: Revised version, to appear in PRD
Purveyors of fine halos. II. Chemodynamical association of halo stars with Milky Way globular clusters
Creators: name: Hanke, Michael
name: Koch, Andreas
name: Prudil, Zdenek
name: Grebel, Eva K.
name: Bastian, Ulrich
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present chemodynamical links between the present-day Milky Way halo field star population and Galactic globular clusters (GCs) using a dataset that combines information from the $\rm{\it Gaia}$ space mission and the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS-IV, DR14). Moreover, we incorporated a sample of halo giant stars with a distinct chemical signature (strong CN bandheads) that resembles the light-elements anomaly otherwise only seen in the second generation of GC stellar populations. Using three different tagging techniques, we could successfully establish unique associations between 151 extratidal stars in the neighborhood of eight GCs. In addition, we traced the possible origin of about $62\%$ of the sample of CN-strong giants to their potential host clusters. Several of the involved GCs have been brought into connection with the Gaia-Enceladus and Sequoia merger events. By establishing kinematic and chemical connections between 17 CN-strong stars and their surrounding fields, we could identify co-moving groups of stars at the same [Fe/H] with a possible cluster origin. We found strong evidence that four CN-strong stars and their associates are connected to the Sagittarius stream whilst their tightly confined [Fe/H] may hint to a birth site in M 54. Finally, we provide tentative estimates for the fraction of first-generation cluster stars among all stars lost to the halo. In the immediate cluster vicinity, this value amounts to $50.0\pm16.7\%$ while the associations in the halo field rather imply $80.2_{-5.2}^{+4.9}\%$. We speculate that -- if proven real by spectroscopic follow-up -- the disparity between these numbers could indicate a major contribution of low-mass clusters to the overall number of stars escaped to the halo or, alternatively, point toward a strong mass loss from the first generation during early cluster dissolution. [abridged]
description: 20 pages (+9 pages of appendices), 39 figures, 4 tables, accepted for publication in A&A
Additional file 3 of Bacterial diversity associated with the abdomens of naturally Plasmodium-infected and non-infected Nyssorhynchus darlingi
Creators: name: Oliveira, Tatiane Marques Porangaba
name: Sanabani, Sabri Saeed
name: Sallum, Maria Anice Mureb
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 3. Venn diagram display the number of unique bacterial OTUs in P-negative and P-positive Ny. darlingi. Number of OTUs after filtering non-bacterial sequences.
Land allocation policy and conservation practices in the mountains of Northern Vietnam
Creators: name: Saint-Macary, Camille
name: Keil, Alwin
name: Zeller, Manfred
name: Saint-Macary, Camille
name: Keil, Alwin
name: Zeller, Manfred
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Political Economy
subject: Land titling
subject: technology adoption
subject: upland agriculture

description: In Vietnam, a quasi-private property regime has been established in 1993, with the issuance exchangeable and mortgageable land use right certificates. Using primary qualitative and quantitative data, this paper investigates the role of the titling policy in fostering the use of soil conservation practices by upland farmers in the northern mountains region. There, population growth and growing market demands have induced farmers to intensify agricultural production onto steep slopes. While poverty has been reduced, environmental 16 problems such as soil erosion, landslides, and declining soil fertility have become severe over the past years. Our findings suggest that soil conservation technologies although relatively well known are perceived as being economically unattractive. Focusing on agroforestry, we estimate household and plot level econometric models to empirically assess the determinants of adoption. We find that the possession of a formal land title influences adoption, but that the threat of land re-allocations in villages creates uncertainty and discourages this type of investment. We conclude that more efforts are needed from decision-makers to promote and support the adoption of conservation practices and also to clarify objectives of the land policy in order to secure land tenure and initiate a more sustainable development in fragile areas.
A Christian critique of the theme of love in Shi Tiesheng’s novel "Notes on abstract talks"
Creators: name: Yu, Hazel Hui
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: In this thesis, a literary analysis and Christian critique is given to the contemporary Chinese writer Shi Tiesheng's philosophical-religious novel "Notes on Abstract Talks" in 1995. It is established in this research paper that Shi Tiesheng's writing manifests his sophisticated literary techniques, reveals his deep interests in fate and salvation, and demonstrates his unique efforts to find a way out of human predicaments through love. At the same time, this research paper also identifies Shi Tiesheng's understanding of love in terms of Eros, which has several unavoidable limitations according to the analyses of the relationships between disability and love, class origin and love, morality and love, and devotion and love in this novel. Several characteristics of Eros and Agape will be then described to show from a Christian point of view that it is Agape not Eros that possesses a salvation capacity to deliver people from suffering and predicament. The general goal of this thesis is to affirm the literary and philosophical value of Shi Tiesheng's "Notes on Abstract Talks", while pointing out its limitations and answer from a Christian perspective its questions about love.
XMM-Newton and optical follow-up observations of three new polars from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey
Creators: name: Homer, Lee
name: Szkody, Paula
name: Chen, Bing
name: Henden, Arne
name: Schmidt, Gary D.
name: Fraser, Oliver J.
name: Saloma, Karla
name: Silvestri, Nicole M.
name: Taylor, Hilda
name: Brinkmann, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report follow-up XMM-Newton and optical observations of three new polars found in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. Simple modeling of the X-ray spectra, and consideration of the details of the X-ray and optical lightcurves corroborate the polar nature of these three systems and provide further insights into their accretion characteristics. During the XMM-Newton observation of SDSS J072910.68+365838.3, X-rays are undetected apart from a probable flare event, during which we find both the typical hard X-ray bremsstrahlung component and a very strong line O VII (E=0.57 keV), but no evidence of a soft blackbody contribution. In SDSS J075240.45+362823.2 we identify an X-ray eclipse at the beginning of the observation, roughly in phase with the primary minimum of the optical broad band curve. The X-ray spectra require the presence of both hard and soft X-ray components, with their luminosity ratio consistent with that found in other recent XMM-Newton results on polars. Lastly, SDSS J170053.30+400357.6 appears optically as a very typical polar, however its large amplitude optical modulation is 180 degrees out of phase with the variation in our short X-ray lightcurve.
description: 9 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in the ApJ (January 2005)
Exploits, advances and challenges benefiting beyond Li-ion battery technologies
Creators: name: Kharbachi, A. El
name: Zavorotynska, O.
name: Latroche, M.
name: Cuevas, F.
name: Yartys, V.
name: Fichtner, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The battery market is undergoing quick expansion owing to the urgent demand for mobile devices, electric vehicles and energy storage systems, convoying the current energy transition. Beyond Li-ion batteries are of high importance to follow these multiple-speed changes and adapt to the specificity of each application. This review-study will address some of the relevant post-Li ion issues and battery technologies, including Na-ion batteries, Mg batteries, Ca-ion batteries, Zn-ion batteries, Al-ion batteries and anionic (F- and Cl-) shuttle batteries. MH-based batteries are also presented with emphasize on NiMH batteries, and novel MH-accommodated Li-ion batteries. Finally, to facilitate further research and development some future research trends and directions are discussed based on comparison of the different battery systems with respect to Li-ion battery assumptions. Remarkably, aqueous systems are most likely to be given reconsideration for intensive, cost-effective and safer production of batteries; for instance to be utilized in (quasi)-stationary energy storage applications.
Grain Markets and Large Social Transfers - An Analysis of Productive Safety Net Program in Ethiopia
Creators: name: Rashid, Shahidur
name: Taffesse, Alemayehu Seyoum
name: Rashid, Shahidur
name: Taffesse, Alemayehu Seyoum
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Food Policy
subject: Safety Nets
subject: Co-integration

description: In 2005, Ethiopia implemented a major new social transfer program, the Productive Safety Net Program (PSNP) that involves some form of work requirement in exchange for either cash or in‐kind transfers (or a mix of the two), with the composition of the transfers administratively set to be uniform throughout the administrative region (wareda). In this paper, we analyze monthly data on cereal prices over 12 years, comparing price movements for areas included in the PSNP with those outside the program. We find statistically significant convergence of prices between PSNP and non‐PSNP waredas over time, but that this convergence began well before the introduction of the PSNP program. This result suggests that the impact of cash transfers in non‐integrated PSNP woredas (which would tend to produce divergence of prices for woredas that are not integrated with non‐PSNP woredas) is not the dominant driver of these price movements. Rather, the observed convergence in prices suggests either that the effect of in‐kind transfers dominates (and that PSNP and non‐PSNP markets are not integrated) or that the convergence is caused by other factors (such as improved road infrastructure). Given that our co‐integration analysis shows that average prices of major cereals in these markets are co‐integrated, the implication is that on average the convergence is caused by other factors (most likely, infrastructure improvements). Further disaggregated analysis involving distinguishing between the levels of transfers, the size of wareda markets and their locations is required for more definitive and operationally useful conclusions, however.
Measure the measure: the impact of differences in pesticide MRLs on Chilean fruit exports to the EU
Creators: name: Achterbosch, Thom J.
name: Engler, Alejandra
name: Rau, Marie-Luise
name: Toledo, Roger
name: Achterbosch, Thom J.
name: Engler, Alejandra
name: Rau, Marie-Luise
name: Toledo, Roger
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: regulatory differences
subject: index for pesticide MRLs
subject: agri-food trade
subject: econometric analysis

description: This paper advances the measurement of nontariff measures (NTMs) by discussing a framework for how to compare regulations. We argue that relative differences in SPS regulations trigger the impact on trade flows between trading partner countries and specifically look at maximum residue levels (MRLs) for pesticides in a case study on Chilean fruit exports to the EU. In order to capture the relative differences and stringency in tolerance levels of trading partners, a simple indicator is constructed and applied in an econometric analysis. In comparison to existing indices of regulatory heterogeneity, the depth of information generated by our indicator severely compromises its coverage. Further development of our heterogeneity index will need to aim at including elements of process standards and conformity assessment procedures.
Additional file 1 of Bacterial diversity associated with the abdomens of naturally Plasmodium-infected and non-infected Nyssorhynchus darlingi
Creators: name: Oliveira, Tatiane Marques Porangaba
name: Sanabani, Sabri Saeed
name: Sallum, Maria Anice Mureb
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1. ID sample, Municipality of collection and Plasmodium infection of each sample used in this study