cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Handgrip Fatigue and Forearm Girth in Intermediate Sport Rock Climbers
Creators: name: Macdonald, Grace Antoinette
Publisher: name: University of Nevada, Las Vegas
Year: 2018

description: Background: Rock climbing has been increasing in popularity both recreationally and competitively. Indoor sport rock climbing is a type of climbing where the climber ascends a wall using artificial rocks (hand and foot holds) and is attached to a safety rope. Despite this increase in popularity of the sport, the physiological responses to sport climbing as an exercise to specific muscle groups are not well defined in literature. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to quantify the change in handgrip strength over a 30-minute bout of continuous climbing, specifically in intermediate sport climbers. An additional aim of this study was to quantify any change in forearm girth over a bout of climbing and compare it to the change in strength and to identify if there is a relationship between the two. Methods: Ten intermediate rock climbers [Age: 26.7±6.7 years; Height: 174.5±6.12 cm; Mass: 68.14±8.21 kg; Body Fat %: 15.75± .63 %; Years Climbing: 7.3±4.69 years;] consented to participate and completed baseline handgrip strength (via handgrip dynamometer) and forearm girth (via tape measure) measurements. A climbing questionnaire indicated their rock climbing ability and defined them as intermediate climbers. Each participant ascended one of two 5.9 routes as many times as possible in 30 minutes. After each ascent, heart rate was taken via 15 second radial palpation and handgrip strength and forearm girth was measured. Data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA and correlation at the p < .05 level. Results: Dominant handgrip strength decreased by 22% and non-dominant handgrip strength decreased by 23%. Dominant and non-dominant forearm girth increased by 4.4%. The average heart rate reached while climbing was 71±4.2 % of age-predicted HRmax. Conclusion: Our results show that over a 30 minute bout of climbing, intermediate sport climbers' handgrip strength decreases and forearm girth increases.
Functional mechanical metamaterials - development of programmable mechanical structures
Creators: name: Waheed, Mohammad Usman
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2021

description: In recent years, and with the continual development of Additive Manufacturing (AM) technologies, Mechanical Metamaterials (MMs) are explored for their programmable and tunable nature. This has opened a new design space into mechanical devices that utilise the structure of a material to perform a function, otherwise known as Functional Mechanical Metamaterials (FMMs). Material Jetting is used to build programmable MMs by combining elastic flexure elements to rigid beams. The proposed metamaterial controls the buckling response of a biased Von-Mises Truss through the actuation of unit cells to perform Boolean logic. By developing an anisotropic 3D unit cell and a bistable system for signal propagation, AND and OR logic gates have successfully been demonstrated in three different configurations, $zz$, $yy$ and $zy$-polarisation. Additionally, an SLA-printed compliant MM is successfully developed, combining anisotropic unit cells to coupled slender beams. The separation distance between the fixed ends of a slender beam can be used to tune the MM between monostable and bistable states. This behaves as a control system, allowing mechanical signals to pass only when the correct actuation pattern and force is applied. In both MM examples, \textit{sense-decide-respond} logic sequences under mechanical actuation are demonstrated. These FMM implementations pose several advantages for use in larger combinatorial systems. Experimentation successfully demonstrates bistable wave propagation, allowing multiple mechanical signals to pass through larger structures in multiple planes. A compliant rod-logic FMM is developed, actuation of the structure engages a gating function that modulates mechanical signals through a plane. Finally, integrated multi-material FMM sensors are developed, highlighting the use of mechanical sensors in architected systems. The proposed FMMs have applications as nuclear safety devices, accelerometers in automobiles, and as a diagnostic tool in lattice-based crash helmets.
Quantum Limits of Interferometer Topologies for Gravitational Radiation Detection
Creators: name: Miao, Haixing
name: Yang, Huan
name: Adhikari, Rana X
name: Chen, Yanbei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In order to expand the astrophysical reach of gravitational wave detectors, several interferometer topologies have been proposed to evade the thermodynamic and quantum mechanical limits in future detectors. In this work, we make a systematic comparison among them by considering their sensitivities and complexities. We numerically optimize their sensitivities by introducing a cost function that tries to maximize the broadband improvement over the sensitivity of current detectors. We find that frequency-dependent squeezed-light injection with a hundred-meter scale filter cavity yields a good broadband sensitivity, with low complexity, and good robustness against optical loss. This study gives us a guideline for the near-term experimental research programs in enhancing the performance of future gravitational-wave detectors.
description: grammar corrected
Additional file 9 of Impact of adjuvant chemotherapy on T1N0M0 breast cancer patients: a propensity score matching study based on SEER database and external cohort
Creators: name: Shen, Kaiwen
name: Yao, Longdi
name: Zhu, Jingyuan
name: Gu, Ximing
name: Wang, Jie
name: Qian, Wei
name: Zheng, Zhijian
name: Fu, Deyuan
name: Wu, Song
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 9: Table S6. Multivariable Cox regression analyses of overall survival for molecularsubtypes in T1b breast cancer patients.
Additional file 2 of Alternative stable states, nonlinear behavior, and predictability of microbiome dynamics
Creators: name: Fujita, Hiroaki
name: Ushio, Masayuki
name: Suzuki, Kenta
name: Abe, Masato S.
name: Yamamichi, Masato
name: Iwayama, Koji
name: Canarini, Alberto
name: Hayashi, Ibuki
name: Fukushima, Keitaro
name: Fukuda, Shinji
name: Kiers, E. Toby
name: Toju, Hirokazu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2: Figure S2. Dynamics of calibrated abundance without interpolation.
Discussion of "Multiple Testing for Exploratory Research" by J. J. Goeman and A. Solari
Creators: name: Meinshausen, Nicolai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Discussion of "Multiple Testing for Exploratory Research" by J. J. Goeman and A. Solari [arXiv:1208.2841].
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/11-STS356B the Statistical Science (http://www.imstat.org/sts/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Dynamical heterogeneities as fingerprints of a backbone structure in Potts models
Creators: name: Ferrero, Ezequiel E.
name: Romá, Federico
name: Bustingorry, Sebastián
name: Gleiser, Pablo M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate slow non-equilibrium dynamical processes in two-dimensional $q$--state Potts model with both ferromagnetic and $\pm J$ couplings. Dynamical properties are characterized by means of the mean-flipping time distribution. This quantity is known for clearly unveiling dynamical heterogeneities. Using a two-times protocol we characterize the different time scales observed and relate them to growth processes occurring in the system. In particular we target the possible relation between the different time scales and the spatial heterogeneities originated in the ground state topology, which are associated to the presence of a backbone structure. We perform numerical simulations using an approach based on graphics processing units (GPUs) which permits to reach large system sizes. We present evidence supporting both the idea of a growing process in the preasymptotic regime of the glassy phases and the existence of a backbone structure behind this processes.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures, Accepted for publication in PRE
Additional file 26 of Impact of adjuvant chemotherapy on T1N0M0 breast cancer patients: a propensity score matching study based on SEER database and external cohort
Creators: name: Shen, Kaiwen
name: Yao, Longdi
name: Zhu, Jingyuan
name: Gu, Ximing
name: Wang, Jie
name: Qian, Wei
name: Zheng, Zhijian
name: Fu, Deyuan
name: Wu, Song
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 26: Table S23. Univariableand multivariable Cox regression analyses of overallsurvival for T1a breast cancer patients in Northern Jiangsu People’s Hospital.
Designing a Process to Reliably Split Extracted Teeth to Access the Dental Root Canal
Creators: name: Ghag, Happy Singh
Publisher: name: University of Nevada, Las Vegas
Year: 2014

description: Introduction
Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) research is a contemporary topic in modern healthcare. These cells have the ability to divide and generate progeny, which then become committed to specific and distinctive end-stage phenotypes, such as cartilage or bone (Caplan 1991). MSCs have been isolated from a variety of tissues such as the umbilical cord, bone marrow, adipose tissue (Ding, Shyu & Lin 2011) and dental pulp (Takeda et al 2008). Although dental pulp is a viable source for MSCs, peer reviewed research has given limited attention to its retrieval process through intentional tooth splitting of extracted teeth. The purpose of this study is to design a process that will split teeth to access the dental root canal.
Methods
This study incorporated a novel experimental design in order to assess whether scoring a healthy premolar tooth would facilitate both a predictable split, as well as provide access to the dental root canal. The extracted tooth was scored to a guided depth of 1.0mm on the mesial and distal surfaces along the length of the entire tooth. A tensile force was exerted on the apical surface of the tooth root until the tooth split. The split segments along with any retrievable fixed dental pulp were displayed for a photograph. The scored and split teeth were classified based on specified criteria. These criteria are important as access to the dental pulp will ultimately lead to harvesting mesenchymal stem cells. The teeth were also graded and classified according to whether the root canal was visible in both split segments.
Results
Of the twenty five consecutively scored and split teeth in the experiment, 92% of the total sample split predictably and matched the theoretical control group. In spite of some undesired fragmented pieces, 100% of the data set shows visible access to the root canal.
Conclusion
The evidence shown in this research paper clearly demonstrates that teeth can be scored and predictably split. In addition, splitting teeth can predictably provide access to the dental root canal. These efforts may prove to be a good start to study dental pulp tissue and ultimately MSCs. This research paper provides a minimally invasive technique that can provide a feasible alternative to the current methods of accessing the dental root canal, which usually involve crushing the tooth and drilling or cutting through the tooth to retrieve pieces of the dental pulp tissue.
Understanding Hawking radiation from simple models of atomic Bose-Einstein condensates
Creators: name: Balbinot, R.
name: Carusotto, I.
name: Fabbri, A.
name: Mayoral, C.
name: Recati, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This chapter is an introduction to the Bogoliubov theory of dilute Bose condensates as applied to the study of the spontaneous emission of phonons in a stationary condensate flowing at supersonic speeds. This emission process is a condensed-matter analog of Hawking radiation from astrophysical black holes but is derived here from a microscopic quantum theory of the condensate without any use of the analogy with gravitational systems. To facilitate physical understanding of the basic concepts, a simple one-dimensional geometry with a stepwise homogenous flow is considered which allows for a fully analytical treatment.
description: 41 pages. to appear in the proceedings of the IX SIGRAV School on 'Analogue Gravity', Como (Italy), May 2011
Assessment of established techniques to determine developmental and malignant potential of human pluripotent stem cells
Creators: name: Initiative, International Stem Cell
Publisher: name: The Francis Crick Institute
Year: 2021
Subjects: Human Biology & Physiology
Stem Cells

description: The International Stem Cell Initiative compared several commonly used approaches to assess human pluripotent stem cells (PSC). PluriTest predicts pluripotency through bioinformatic analysis of the transcriptomes of undifferentiated cells, whereas, embryoid body (EB) formation in vitro and teratoma formation in vivo provide direct tests of differentiation. Here we report that EB assays, analyzed after differentiation under neutral conditions and under conditions promoting differentiation to ectoderm, mesoderm, or endoderm lineages, are sufficient to assess the differentiation potential of PSCs. However, teratoma analysis by histologic examination and by TeratoScore, which estimates differential gene expression in each tumor, not only measures differentiation but also allows insight into a PSC’s malignant potential. Each of the assays can be used to predict pluripotent differentiation potential but, at this stage of assay development, only the teratoma assay provides an assessment of pluripotency and malignant potential, which are both relevant to the pre-clinical safety assessment of PSCs.
Arguably Adequate Aqueduct Algorithm: Crossing A Bridge-Less Block-Chain Chasm
Creators: name: Kashyap, Ravi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Finance (q-fin.GN)
subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Computational Finance (q-fin.CP)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: C.2.4; I.2.8; D.2.11; J.4; K.6.5; K.4.2
subject: 93A14 Decentralized systems, 91G45 Financial networks, 90B70, 97U70 Technological tools

description: We consider the problem of being a cross-chain wealth management platform with deposits, redemptions and investment assets across multiple networks. We discuss the need for blockchain bridges to facilitates fund flows across platforms. We point out several issues with existing bridges. We develop an algorithm - tailored to overcome current constraints - that dynamically changes the utilization of bridge capacities and hence the amounts to be transferred across networks. We illustrate several scenarios using numerical simulations.
Additional file 3 of Alternative stable states, nonlinear behavior, and predictability of microbiome dynamics
Creators: name: Fujita, Hiroaki
name: Ushio, Masayuki
name: Suzuki, Kenta
name: Abe, Masato S.
name: Yamamichi, Masato
name: Iwayama, Koji
name: Canarini, Alberto
name: Hayashi, Ibuki
name: Fukushima, Keitaro
name: Fukuda, Shinji
name: Kiers, E. Toby
name: Toju, Hirokazu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 3: Figure S3. Dynamics of calibrated abundance.
title: Analysis of the temperature- and fluence-dependent magnetic stress in laser-excited SrRuO3
Creators: name: Mattern, M.
name: Pudell, J.-E.
name: Laskin, G.
name: von Reppert, A.
name: Bargheer, M.
Publisher: name: Universität Potsdam
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik
subject: 530 Physik

description: We use ultrafast x-ray diffraction to investigate the effect of expansive phononic and contractive magnetic stress driving the picosecond strain response of a metallic perovskite SrRuO3 thin film upon femtosecond laser excitation. We exemplify how the anisotropic bulk equilibrium thermal expansion can be used to predict the response of the thin film to ultrafast deposition of energy. It is key to consider that the laterally homogeneous laser excitation changes the strain response compared to the near-equilibrium thermal expansion because the balanced in-plane stresses suppress the Poisson stress on the picosecond timescale. We find a very large negative Grüneisen constant describing the large contractive stress imposed by a small amount of energy in the spin system. The temperature and fluence dependence of the strain response for a double-pulse excitation scheme demonstrates the saturation of the magnetic stress in the high-fluence regime.
description: Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe; 1144
Intestinal epithelial HMGB1 inhibits bacterial infection via STAT3 regulation of autophagy
Creators: name: Zhang, Yong-guo
name: Zhu, Xiaorong
name: Lu, Rong
name: S. Messer, Jeannette
name: Xia, Yinglin
name: Chang, Eugene B
name: Sun, Jun
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Physiology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Extracellular HMGB1 (high mobility group box 1) is considered as a damage-associated molecular pattern protein. However, little is known about its intracellular role. We studied the mechanism whereby intestinal epithelial HMGB1 contributes to host defense, using cell culture, colonoids, conditional intestinal epithelial HMGB1-knockout mice with Salmonella-colitis, il10−/- mice, and human samples. We report that intestinal HMGB1 is an important contributor to host protection from inflammation and infection. We identified a physical interaction between HMGB1 and STAT3. Lacking intestinal epithelial HMGB1 led to redistribution of STAT3 and activation of STAT3 post bacterial infection. Indeed, Salmonella-infected HMGB1-deficient cells exhibited less macroautophagy/autophagy due to decreased expression of autophagy proteins and transcriptional repression by activated STAT3. Then, increased p-STAT3 and extranuclear STAT3 reduced autophagic responses and increased inflammation. STAT3 inhibition restored autophagic responses and reduced bacterial invasion in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, low level of HMGB1 was correlated with reduced nuclear STAT3 and enhanced p-STAT3 in inflamed intestine of il10−/- mice and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients. We revealed that colonic epithelial HMGB1 was directly involved in the suppression of STAT3 activation and the protection of intestine from bacterial infection and injury.
Additional file 4 of Alternative stable states, nonlinear behavior, and predictability of microbiome dynamics
Creators: name: Fujita, Hiroaki
name: Ushio, Masayuki
name: Suzuki, Kenta
name: Abe, Masato S.
name: Yamamichi, Masato
name: Iwayama, Koji
name: Canarini, Alberto
name: Hayashi, Ibuki
name: Fukushima, Keitaro
name: Fukuda, Shinji
name: Kiers, E. Toby
name: Toju, Hirokazu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 4: Figure S4. Dynamics of relative abundance.
title: Exploring the Motivations and Perceptions of First-Generation Doctoral Students Abstract
Creators: name: Hill, Saige
Publisher: name: Old Dominion University Libraries
Year: 2020

description: Diversity, equity, and inclusion are words that spark the attention of the public and private sectors alike. Institutions such as universities, government agencies, and nonprofit organizations are taking the initiative to challenge conventional attitudes and foster equity within their communities. Academia is one discipline that is experiencing a significant shift towards increased diversity and inclusion, but much work is needed to further promote equity. Disparities in education are among the most significant factors that impact long-term success. Beginning in primary school, children who are not afforded quality education are placed at a lifelong academic disadvantage. They are also less likely to come from families of college graduates; therefore, it is questionable if they receive adequate guidance on options following high school. Furthermore, these students are less likely to pursue college education, and those that do are faced with obstacles that often plague first-generation students. The purpose of this study is to explore the motivations and perceptions of first-generation doctoral students – students who are the first in their immediate families to pursue doctoral degrees. The study allows researchers to analyze trends in motivations and perceptions of first-generation doctoral students to examine the equitability of doctoral education from the student perspective. A social constructivist case study of first-generation doctoral students at a large research university in Hampton Roads was used as the foundation for this project. Four students participated in the focus group, and a semi-structured interview style was used. The researcher found that professional, familial, and personal motivations and competing self (internal) and social (external) perceptions most affected participants’ doctoral experiences. This study presents preliminary findings on research in an emergent area; the researcher’s next steps include collecting survey data and developing an academic equity lens tool.
Additional file 5 of Alternative stable states, nonlinear behavior, and predictability of microbiome dynamics
Creators: name: Fujita, Hiroaki
name: Ushio, Masayuki
name: Suzuki, Kenta
name: Abe, Masato S.
name: Yamamichi, Masato
name: Iwayama, Koji
name: Canarini, Alberto
name: Hayashi, Ibuki
name: Fukushima, Keitaro
name: Fukuda, Shinji
name: Kiers, E. Toby
name: Toju, Hirokazu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 5: Figure S5. Distribution of stable states on the energy landscapes.
title: Youtube & young children: research, concerns and new directions
Creators: name: Izci, Burcu
name: Jones, Ithel
name: Özdemir, Tuğba Bahçekapılı
name: Alktebi, Latifa
name: BAKIR, EDA
Publisher: name: CIED - Centro Interdisciplinar de Estudos Educacionais
Year: 2019

description: Since the first episode of Sesame Street was aired in the 1960s, video watching has become a daily activity for most young children. Gradually, advances in technology transformed children’s video watching practices as well as the preferred video watching devices or platforms (such as educational television, baby DVDs, and computer technologies). As a result, children’s video watching has shifted from educational televisions to mobile devices (e.g., tablet and smartphone), streaming media, and online platforms. According to recent research findings, YouTube and YouTube Kids are popular platforms used by children to access a variety of videos for education or entertainment purposes. In contrast to the decades of research concerning educational television, studies of YouTube and similar platforms are still in their infancy. Our understanding of the nature and extent of children’s engagement with this platform and its potential benefits and risks for children’s learning and development is limited. Young children (age 8 or younger), as well as older children and teenagers, frequently watch videos on YouTube. In this chapter we review the limited recent research examining young children’s use of YouTube and YouTube Kids. In addition, parental and expert concerns, children’s digital safety, the commodification of childhood, and new directions are addressed for future studies.
The Dawes Review 1: Kinematic studies of star-forming galaxies across cosmic time
Creators: name: Glazebrook, Karl
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The last seven years have seen an explosion in the number of Integral Field galaxy surveys, obtaining resolved 2D spectroscopy, especially at high-redshift. These have taken advantage of the mature capabilities of 8-10 m class telescopes and the development of associated technology such as AO. Surveys have leveraged both high spectroscopic resolution enabling internal velocity measurements and high spatial resolution from AO techniques and sites with excellent natural seeing. For the first time, we have been able to glimpse the kinematic state of matter in young, assembling star-forming galaxies and learn detailed astrophysical information about the physical processes and compare their kinematic scaling relations with those in the local Universe. Observers have measured disc galaxy rotation, merger signatures, and turbulence-enhanced velocity dispersions of gas-rich discs. Theorists have interpreted kinematic signatures of galaxies in a variety of ways (rotation, merging, outflows, and feedback) and attempted to discuss evolution vs. theoretical models and relate it to the evolution in galaxy morphology. A key point that has emerged from this activity is that substantial fractions of high-redshift galaxies have regular kinematic morphologies despite irregular photometric morphologies and this is likely due to the presence of a large number of highly gas-rich discs. There has not yet been a review of this burgeoning topic. In this first Dawes review, I will discuss the extensive kinematic surveys that have been done and the physical models that have arisen for young galaxies at high-redshift.
description: 51 pages, 34,000 words, 16 figures. A few minor corrections have been made to the journal version. High-resolution PDF and iPad optimised ePUB versions available from http://astronomy.swin.edu.au/karl/dawes
title: The challenges to plan and develop pedagogical practices involving digital written culture in childhood education
Creators: name: Araújo, Mônica Daisy Vieira
name: FRADE, Isabel Cristina Alves da Silva
name: Glória, Julianna Silva
Publisher: name: CIED - Centro Interdisciplinar de Estudos Educacionais
Year: 2019

description: Nowadays children are part of the digital culture (Cassany, 2002), using
its supports and involving themselves in different uses of digital written
culture (Chartier, 2011, 2016). Are teachers considering these uses in preschools?
How can we create teaching proposals that attend the learning
conditions of young children? How do children deal with the devices,
languages, and the particular uses of digital written culture? This text
aims to reflect on the processes to incorporate digital technologies in
the development of pedagogical activities of preschool teachers from
two public schools in Brazil. The data was collected during a research
done with four teachers of four to five-year-old children. The activities
proposed were developed through a collaboration of the researchers and
the teachers, considering their teaching demands and the children’s development.
The results show that the teachers started to notice the importance
of using digital technologies in the processes of appreciation
of written culture. On the other hand, children are stimulated to become
authors and to understand the digital support as one more instrument to
think and interact with society.
Bulk rheology and microrheology of active fluids
Creators: name: Foffano, G.
name: Lintuvuori, J. S.
name: Morozov, A. N.
name: Stratford, K.
name: Cates, M. E.
name: Marenduzzo, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We simulate macroscopic shear experiments in active nematics and compare them with microrheology simulations where a spherical probe particle is dragged through an active fluid. In both cases we define an effective viscosity: in the case of bulk shear simulations this is the ratio between shear stress and shear rate, whereas in the microrheology case it involves the ratio between the friction coefficient and the particle size. We show that this effective viscosity, rather than being solely a property of the active fluid, is affected by the way chosen to measure it, and strongly depends on details such as the anchoring conditions at the probe surface and on both the system size and the size of the probe particle.
description: 12 pages, 10 figures
title: A tale of shifting relations
title: East Asian summer and winter monsoon variability during the Holocene
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Kaboth-Bahr, Stefanie
name: Bahr, André
name: Zeeden, Christian
name: Yamoah, Kweku A.
name: Lone, Mahjoor Ahmad
name: Chuang, Chih-Kai
name: Löwemark, Ludvig
name: Wei, Kuo-Yen
Publisher: name: Universität Potsdam
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik
subject: 600 Technik, Technologie

description: Understanding the dynamics between the East Asian summer (EASM) and winter monsoon (EAWM) is needed to predict their variability under future global warming scenarios. Here, we investigate the relationship between EASM and EAWM as well as the mechanisms driving their variability during the last 10,000 years by stacking marine and terrestrial (non-speleothem) proxy records from the East Asian realm. This provides a regional and proxy independent signal for both monsoonal systems. The respective signal was subsequently analysed using a linear regression model. We find that the phase relationship between EASM and EAWM is not time-constant and significantly depends on orbital configuration changes. In addition, changes in the Atlantic Meridional Overturning circulation, Arctic sea-ice coverage, El Niño-Southern Oscillation and Sun Spot numbers contributed to millennial scale changes in the EASM and EAWM during the Holocene. We also argue that the bulk signal of monsoonal activity captured by the stacked non-speleothem proxy records supports the previously argued bias of speleothem climatic archives to moisture source changes and/or seasonality.
description: Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe; 1145
Additional file 6 of Alternative stable states, nonlinear behavior, and predictability of microbiome dynamics
Creators: name: Fujita, Hiroaki
name: Ushio, Masayuki
name: Suzuki, Kenta
name: Abe, Masato S.
name: Yamamichi, Masato
name: Iwayama, Koji
name: Canarini, Alberto
name: Hayashi, Ibuki
name: Fukushima, Keitaro
name: Fukuda, Shinji
name: Kiers, E. Toby
name: Toju, Hirokazu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 6: Figure S6. Transitions between alternative stable states on the energy landscapes.
Additional file 5 of Impact of adjuvant chemotherapy on T1N0M0 breast cancer patients: a propensity score matching study based on SEER database and external cohort
Creators: name: Shen, Kaiwen
name: Yao, Longdi
name: Zhu, Jingyuan
name: Gu, Ximing
name: Wang, Jie
name: Qian, Wei
name: Zheng, Zhijian
name: Fu, Deyuan
name: Wu, Song
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 5: Table S2. Multivariate Cox regressionanalyses of overall survival for T1, T1a, T1b, and T1c breast cancer patients.
Additional file 7 of Alternative stable states, nonlinear behavior, and predictability of microbiome dynamics
Creators: name: Fujita, Hiroaki
name: Ushio, Masayuki
name: Suzuki, Kenta
name: Abe, Masato S.
name: Yamamichi, Masato
name: Iwayama, Koji
name: Canarini, Alberto
name: Hayashi, Ibuki
name: Fukushima, Keitaro
name: Fukuda, Shinji
name: Kiers, E. Toby
name: Toju, Hirokazu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 7: Figure S7. Histogram of optimal embedding dimension (E) of ASVs.
Unstable Dynamics of Adaptation in Unknown Environment due to Novelty Seeking
Creators: name: Zgonnikov, Arkady
name: Lubashevsky, Ihor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Learning and adaptation play great role in emergent socio-economic phenomena. Complex dynamics has been previously found in the systems of multiple learning agents interacting via a simple game. Meanwhile, the single agent adaptation is considered trivially stable. We advocate the idea that adopting a more complex model of the individual behavior may result in a more diverse spectrum of macro-level behaviors. We develop an adaptation model based on the reinforcement learning framework extended by an additional processing channel. We scrutiny the dynamics of the single agent adapting to the unknown environment; the agent is biased by novelty seeking, the intrinsic inclination for exploration. We demonstrate that the behavior of the novelty-seeking agent may be inherently unstable. One of the surprising results is that under certain conditions the increase of the novelty-seeking level may cause the agent to switch from the non-rational to the strictly rational behavior. Our results give evidence to the hypothesis that the intrinsic motives of agents should be paid no less attention than the extrinsic ones in the models of complex socio-economic systems.
description: 18 pages, 6 figures
Data Equity: Foundational Concepts for Generative AI
Creators: name: Stonier, JoAnn
name: Woodman, Lauren
name: Alshammari, Majed
name: Cummings, Renée
name: Dad, Nighat
name: Garg, Arti
name: Busetto, Alberto Giovanni
name: Hsiao, Katherine
name: Hudson, Maui
name: Singh, Parminder Jeet
name: Kanamugire, David
name: Kapoor, Astha
name: Lei, Zheng
name: Lu, Jacqueline
name: Mizouni, Emna
name: Lungati, Angela Oduor
name: Loebel, María Paz Canales
name: Sethumadhavan, Arathi
name: Telford, Sarah
name: Sarin, Supheakmungkol
name: Bettinger, Kimmy
name: Teeuwen, Stephanie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This briefing paper focuses on data equity within foundation models, both in terms of the impact of Generative AI (genAI) on society and on the further development of genAI tools. GenAI promises immense potential to drive digital and social innovation, such as improving efficiency, enhancing creativity and augmenting existing data. GenAI has the potential to democratize access and usage of technologies. However, left unchecked, it could deepen inequities. With the advent of genAI significantly increasing the rate at which AI is deployed and developed, exploring frameworks for data equity is more urgent than ever. The goals of the briefing paper are threefold: to establish a shared vocabulary to facilitate collaboration and dialogue; to scope initial concerns to establish a framework for inquiry on which stakeholders can focus; and to shape future development of promising technologies. The paper represents a first step in exploring and promoting data equity in the context of genAI. The proposed definitions, framework and recommendations are intended to proactively shape the development of promising genAI technologies.
Structures féodales et féodalisme dans l'Occident méditerranéen (Xe-XIIIe siècles). Bilan et perspectives de recherches. Colloque international organisé par le Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et l'Ecole Française de Rome (Rome, 10–13 octobre 1978), 1980
Creators: name: Ehlers, Joachim
Publisher: name: Francia
Year: 2018

description: -
description: Francia, Bd. 10 (1982)
Designing a Mechanical Linkage Capable of Decreasing Force Transfer from the Facemask to the Protective Helmet when Loading Occurs
Creators: name: Hansen, Levi
Publisher: name: University of Nevada, Las Vegas
Year: 2014

description: Introduction
Sports that involve extensive personal contact have a high incidence of injury. The introduction of regulations mandating the use of personal protective equipment in these sports is the most common injury control strategy (Marshall et al., 2002). Negligible attention has been paid to the mechanical linkage between the facemask and helmet as a means of reducing force transfer from the facemask, through the helmet, and to the head and or neck of the athlete.
Methods
A novel prototype mechanical linkage of reasonable simplicity that provides 360° of freedom in motion capable of decreasing force transfer from the facemask to the protective helmet when loading occurs was designed. Force was applied at three angulations to the long axis of the a control and prototype mechanical linkage, under both compressive and tensile force, generating six experimental groups: Tension at 0°, Tension at 45°, Tension at 90°, Compression at 0°, Compression at 45°, and Compression at 90°. For each experimental group, the force transferred from the facemask connector to the helmet connector and deflection of the mechanical linkage at failure was evaluated.
Results
For each condition measured under both compressive and tensile force; maximum force transfer within the limits of the theoretical range of motion, force transfer at failure and linkage deflection at failure statistically significant differences between the control and prototype groups were observed with a t test for independent samples with unequal variance (p < 0.001), ? = 0.05.
Conclusion
When compared to currently available designs, the prototype mechanical linkage designed and tested as part of this project is of reasonable simplicity, displays increased flexibility and provides 360° of freedom in motion. Under compressive and tensile forces, force transfer from the facemask component to helmet component was decreased significantly.
Advancing a Model of Students' Intentional Persistence in Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence
Creators: name: Ferguson, Sharon
name: Mao, Katherine
name: Magarian, James
name: Olechowski, Alison
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Machine Learning (ML) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) are powering the applications we use, the decisions we make, and the decisions made about us. We have seen numerous examples of non-equitable outcomes, from facial recognition algorithms to recidivism algorithms, when they are designed without diversity in mind. Thus, we must take action to promote diversity among those in this field. A critical step in this work is understanding why some students who choose to study ML/AI later leave the field. While the persistence of diverse populations has been studied in engineering, there is a lack of research investigating factors that influence persistence in ML/AI. In this work, we present the advancement of a model of intentional persistence in ML/AI by surveying students in ML/AI courses. We examine persistence across demographic groups, such as gender, international student status, student loan status, and visible minority status. We investigate independent variables that distinguish ML/AI from other STEM fields, such as the varying emphasis on non-technical skills, the ambiguous ethical implications of the work, and the highly competitive and lucrative nature of the field. Our findings suggest that short-term intentional persistence is associated with academic enrollment factors such as major and level of study. Long-term intentional persistence is correlated with measures of professional role confidence. Unique to our study, we show that wanting your work to have a positive social benefit is a negative predictor of long-term intentional persistence, and women generally care more about this. We provide recommendations to educators to meaningfully discuss ML/AI ethics in classes and encourage the development of interpersonal skills to help increase diversity in the field.
description: Presented at the 2022 Annual Conference of the American Society for Engineering Education
Additional file 8 of Alternative stable states, nonlinear behavior, and predictability of microbiome dynamics
Creators: name: Fujita, Hiroaki
name: Ushio, Masayuki
name: Suzuki, Kenta
name: Abe, Masato S.
name: Yamamichi, Masato
name: Iwayama, Koji
name: Canarini, Alberto
name: Hayashi, Ibuki
name: Fukushima, Keitaro
name: Fukuda, Shinji
name: Kiers, E. Toby
name: Toju, Hirokazu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 8: Figure S8. Examples of population-level forecasting results.
Contemporary Semantic Web Service Frameworks: An Overview and Comparisons
Creators: name: Mohebbi, Keyvan
name: Ibrahim, Suhaimi
name: Idris, Norbik Bashah
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The growing proliferation of distributed information systems, allows organizations to offer their business processes to a worldwide audience through Web services. Semantic Web services have emerged as a means to achieve the vision of automatic discovery, selection, composition, and invocation of Web services by encoding the specifications of these software components in an unambiguous and machine-interpretable form. Several frameworks have been devised as enabling technologies for Semantic Web services. In this paper, we survey the prominent Semantic Web service frameworks. In addition, a set of criteria is identified and the discussed frameworks are evaluated and compared with respect to these criteria. Knowing the strengths and weaknesses of the Semantic Web service frameworks can help researchers to utilize the most appropriate one according to their needs.
description: 12 pages
Cryptotis montivaga
Creators: name: Hutterer, Rainer
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Insectivora
Soricidae
Cryptotis
Cryptotis montivaga

description: Cryptotis montivaga (Anthony, 1921). Am. Mus. Novit., 20:5. TYPE LOCALITY: "Bestion, Prov. del Azuay, Ecuador; altitude 10,000 ft. " [3,000 m). DISTRIBUTION: Andean zone of S Ecuador.
description: Published as part of Rainer Hutterer, 1993, Order Insectivora, pp. 69-130 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 109, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353085
Additional file 9 of Alternative stable states, nonlinear behavior, and predictability of microbiome dynamics
Creators: name: Fujita, Hiroaki
name: Ushio, Masayuki
name: Suzuki, Kenta
name: Abe, Masato S.
name: Yamamichi, Masato
name: Iwayama, Koji
name: Canarini, Alberto
name: Hayashi, Ibuki
name: Fukushima, Keitaro
name: Fukuda, Shinji
name: Kiers, E. Toby
name: Toju, Hirokazu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 9: Figure S9. Dependence of population-level forecasting results on reference database size.
Does the Great Firewall really isolate the Chinese? Integrating access blockage with cultural factors to explain web user behavior
Creators: name: Taneja, Harsh
name: Wu, Angela Xiao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dominant understanding of Internet censorship posits that blocking access to foreign-based websites creates isolated communities of Internet users. We question this discourse for its assumption that if given access people would use all websites. We develop a conceptual framework that integrates access blockage with social structures to explain web users' choices, and argue that users visit websites they find culturally proximate and access blockage matters only when such sites are blocked. We examine the case of China, where online blockage is notoriously comprehensive, and compare Chinese web usage patterns with those elsewhere. Analyzing audience traffic among the 1000 most visited websites, we find that websites cluster according to language and geography. Chinese websites constitute one cluster, which resembles other such geo-linguistic clusters in terms of both its composition and degree of isolation. Our sociological investigation reveals a greater role of cultural proximity than access blockage in explaining online behaviors.
description: Pre-Publication Copy. Cite as: Taneja, H. & Wu, A.X. (Forthcoming). Does the Great Firewall really isolate the Chinese? Integrating access blockage with cultural factors to explain web user behavior. The Information Society