cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A robust Bayesian bias-adjusted random effects model for consideration of uncertainty about bias terms in evidence synthesis
Creators: name: Cruz, Ivette Raices
name: Troffaes, Matthias C. M.
name: Lindström, Johan
name: Sahlin, Ullrika
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: G.3
subject: 62P10

description: Meta-analysis is a statistical method used in evidence synthesis for combining, analyzing and summarizing studies that have the same target endpoint and aims to derive a pooled quantitative estimate using fixed and random effects models or network models. Differences among included studies depend on variations in target populations (i.e. heterogeneity) and variations in study quality due to study design and execution (i.e. bias). The risk of bias is usually assessed qualitatively using critical appraisal, and quantitative bias analysis can be used to evaluate the influence of bias on the quantity of interest. We propose a way to consider ignorance or ambiguity in how to quantify bias terms in a bias analysis by characterizing bias with imprecision (as bounds on probability) and use robust Bayesian analysis to estimate the overall effect. Robust Bayesian analysis is here seen as Bayesian updating performed over a set of coherent probability distributions, where the set emerges from a set of bias terms. We show how the set of bias terms can be specified based on judgments on the relative magnitude of biases (i.e., low, unclear and high risk of bias) in one or several domains of the Cochrane's risk of bias table. For illustration, we apply a robust Bayesian bias-adjusted random effects model to an already published meta-analysis on the effect of Rituximab for rheumatoid arthritis from the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews.
description: 21 pages, 6 figures
Temporal Binding of a Coherent Spectrally Translated Pulse from a Dissipative Kerr Soliton in a Synthetic Frequency Lattice
Creators: name: Moille, Grégory
name: Perez, Edgar F.
name: Chembo, Yanne K.
name: Menyuk, Curtis
name: Srinivasan, Kartik
Publisher: name: Optica
Year: 2022

description: 2022 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO), San Jose, CA, USA, 15-20 May 2022.
description: We present a dissipative Kerr soliton in a synthetic frequency lattice mediated by four-wave mixing Bragg scattering. The dual pumping creates a potential that temporally binds a coherent spectrally translated pulse to the original soliton.
Manifestation of Majorana modes overlap in the Aharonov-Bohm effect
Creators: name: Aksenov, S. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of the key features of the Majorana bound states emerging in topological superconducting (SC) wires is increasing oscillations of their energy under the growth of magnetic field or chemical potential due to concomitant enhancement of hybridization of the Majorana mode wave functions initially localized at the opposite edges of the structure. In this study we found that the other consequence of it is a shift of Aharonov-Bohm (AB) oscillations of linear-response conductance in an interference device where two ends of the SC wire connected with a normal contact via non-SC wires (arms). In addition, it is accompanied by an oscillation period doubling. The numerical calculations for the spinful system are supported by the analytical results for different spinless models allowing to track the conductance evolution as the hybridization of the Majorana modes increases. It is shown that since the coupling between the different arms and normal contact is implemented only via the different-type Majoranas the AB oscillations acquire a fundamental π/2 shift in comparison with the effect for an analogous system of zero-energy quantum dots.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures
Long-circulating Janus nanoparticles made by electrohydrodynamic co-jetting for systemic drug delivery applications
Creators: name: Muzykantov, Vladimir R.
name: Rahmani, Sahar
name: Villa, Carlos H.
name: Acacia F. Dishman
name: Grabowski, Marika E.
name: Pan, Daniel C.
name: Durmaz, Hakan
name: Asish C Misra
name: Colón-Meléndez, Laura
name: Solomon, Michael J.
name: Joerg Lahann
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: Developmental Biology
Biological Sciences
Chemistry
Biotechnology
Pharmacology
Molecular Biology
Cell Biology
Medicine
Physics
Engineering
Biochemistry
Biophysics

description: Background: Nanoparticles with controlled physical properties have been widely used for controlled release applications. In addition to shape, the anisotropic nature of the particles can be an important design criterion to ensure selective surface modification or independent release of combinations of drugs.Purpose: Electrohydrodynamic (EHD) co-jetting is used for the fabrication of uniform anisotropic nanoparticles with individual compartments and initial physicochemical and biological characterization is reported.Methods: EHD co-jetting is used to create nanoparticles, which are characterized at each stage with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), structured illumination microscopy (SIM), dynamic light scattering (DLS) and nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA). Surface immobilization techniques are used to incorporate polyethylene glycol (PEG) and I125 radiolabels into the nanoparticles. Particles are injected in mice and the particle distribution after 1, 4 and 24 hours is assessed.Results and discussion: Nanoparticles with an average diameter of 105.7 nm are prepared by EHD co-jetting. The particles contain functional chemical groups for further surface modification and radiolabeling. The density of PEG molecules attached to the surface of nanoparticles is determined to range between 0.02 and 6.04 ligands per square nanometer. A significant fraction of the nanoparticles (1.2% injected dose per mass of organ) circulates in the blood after 24 h.Conclusion: EHD co-jetting is a versatile method for the fabrication of nanoparticles for drug delivery. Circulation of the nanoparticles for 24 h is a pre-requisite for subsequent studies to explore defined targeting of the nanoparticles to a specific anatomic site.
Proton-Electron Mass Ratio from Laser Spectroscopy of HD$^+$ at the Part-Per-Trillion Level
Creators: name: Patra, Sayan
name: Germann, M.
name: Karr, J. -Ph.
name: Haidar, M.
name: Hilico, L.
name: Korobov, V. I.
name: Cozijn, F. M. J.
name: Eikema, K. S. E.
name: Ubachs, W.
name: Koelemeij, J. C. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Accepted values of the masses of several subatomic particles have been under debate since recent measurements in Penning traps produced more precise yet incompatible results, implying possible inconsistencies in closely related physical constants like the proton-electron and deuteron-proton mass ratios. These quantities also influence the predicted vibrational spectrum of the deuterated molecular hydrogen ion in its electronic ground state, of which we measured the v=0 - 9 overtone transition frequency with an uncertainty of 2.9 parts-per-trillion through Doppler-free two-photon laser spectroscopy. Leveraging high-precision ab initio calculations we convert our measurement to tight constraints on the proton-electron and deuteron-proton mass ratios, consistent with the most recent Penning-trap determinations of these quantities, and yielding a new value of the proton-electron mass ratio with an unprecedented precision of 21 parts-per-trillion.
Size selectivity of intestinal mucus to diffusing particulates is dependent on surface chemistry and exposure to lipids
Creators: name: Carrier, Rebecca L.
name: Yildiz, Hasan M.
name: McKelvey, Craig A.
name: Marsac, Patrick J.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Meta Science
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemistry
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Biophysics

description: Intestinal mucus provides a significant barrier to transport of orally delivered drug carriers, as well as other particulates (e.g. food, microbes). The relative significance of particle size, surface chemistry, and dosing medium to mucus barrier properties is not well characterized, but important in designing delivery systems targeted to the intestinal mucosa. In this study, multiple particle tracking (MPT) was used to study diffusion of 20–500 nm diameter carboxylate- and polyethylene glycol-(PEG-)functionalized polystyrene model carriers through intestinal mucus. The impact of exposure to mucus in buffer versus a partially digested triglyceride mixture was explored. Effective diffusivity of particles in intestinal mucus decreased with an increasing particle size less than and more than theoretically (Stokes–Einstein) expected in a homogenous medium when dosed in buffer and model-fed state intestinal contents, respectively. For example, effective diffusivity decreased 2.9- versus 20-fold with increase in the particle size from 100 to 500 nm when dosed to mucus in buffer versus lipid-containing medium. Functionalization with PEG dramatically decreased sensitivity to lipids in a dosing medium. The results indicate that reduction of particle size may increase particle transport through intestinal mucus barriers, but these effects are strongly dependent on intestinal contents and particle surface chemistry.
Boolean automata isolated cycles and tangential double-cycles dynamics
Creators: name: Demongeot, Jacques
name: Melliti, Tarek
name: Noual, Mathilde
name: Regnault, Damien
name: Sené, Sylvain
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Our daily social and political life is more and more impacted by social networks. The functioning of our living bodies is deeply dependent on biological regulation networks such as neural, genetic, and protein networks. And the physical world in which we evolve, is also structured by systems of interacting particles. Interaction networks can be seen in all spheres of existence that concern us, and yet, our understanding of interaction networks remains severely limited by our present lack of both theoretical and applied insight into their clockworks. In the past, efforts at understanding interaction networks have mostly been directed towards applications. This has happened at the expense of developing understanding of the generic and fundamental aspects of interaction networks. Intrinsic properties of interaction networks (eg the ways in which they transmit information along entities, their ability to produce this or that kind of global dynamical behaviour depending on local interactions) are thus still not well understood. Lack of fundamental knowledge tends to limit the innovating power of applications. Without more theoretical fundamental knowledge, applications cannot evolve deeply and become more impacting. Hence, it is necessary to better apprehend and comprehend the intrinsic properties of interaction networks, notably the relations between their architecture and their dynamics and how they are affected by and set in time. In this chapter, we use the elementary mathematical model of Boolean automata networks as a formal archetype of interaction networks. We survey results concerning the role of feedback cycles and the role of intersections between feedback cycles, in shaping the asymptotic dynamical behaviours of interaction networks.
Reinforcing Generated Images via Meta-learning for One-Shot Fine-Grained Visual Recognition
Creators: name: Tsutsui, Satoshi
name: Fu, Yanwei
name: Crandall, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: One-shot fine-grained visual recognition often suffers from the problem of having few training examples for new fine-grained classes. To alleviate this problem, off-the-shelf image generation techniques based on Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) can potentially create additional training images. However, these GAN-generated images are often not helpful for actually improving the accuracy of one-shot fine-grained recognition. In this paper, we propose a meta-learning framework to combine generated images with original images, so that the resulting "hybrid" training images improve one-shot learning. Specifically, the generic image generator is updated by a few training instances of novel classes, and a Meta Image Reinforcing Network (MetaIRNet) is proposed to conduct one-shot fine-grained recognition as well as image reinforcement. Our experiments demonstrate consistent improvement over baselines on one-shot fine-grained image classification benchmarks. Furthermore, our analysis shows that the reinforced images have more diversity compared to the original and GAN-generated images.
description: Accepted to PAMI 2022. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1911.07164
Quantum Semi-Supervised Kernel Learning
Creators: name: Saeedi, Seyran
name: Panahi, Aliakbar
name: Arodz, Tom
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum computing leverages quantum effects to build algorithms that are faster then their classical variants. In machine learning, for a given model architecture, the speed of training the model is typically determined by the size of the training dataset. Thus, quantum machine learning methods have the potential to facilitate learning using extremely large datasets. While the availability of data for training machine learning models is steadily increasing, oftentimes it is much easier to collect feature vectors that to obtain the corresponding labels. One of the approaches for addressing this issue is to use semi-supervised learning, which leverages not only the labeled samples, but also unlabeled feature vectors. Here, we present a quantum machine learning algorithm for training Semi-Supervised Kernel Support Vector Machines. The algorithm uses recent advances in quantum sample-based Hamiltonian simulation to extend the existing Quantum LS-SVM algorithm to handle the semi-supervised term in the loss. Through a theoretical study of the algorithm's computational complexity, we show that it maintains the same speedup as the fully-supervised Quantum LS-SVM.
title: Änderung und Neufassung der Ordnung über den Zugang und die Zulassung für den konsekutiven Masterstudiengang „Chemie" an der Technischen Universität Braunschweig, Fakultät für Lebenswissenschaften
Creators: name: :None
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Braunschweig. Fakultät 2
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Zulassungsordnung
subject: 379

description: Hochschulöffentliche Bekanntmachungen der Technischen Universität Braunschweig, vol. 1136
Low molecular weight chitosan-coated polymeric nanoparticles for sustained and pH-sensitive delivery of paclitaxel
Creators: name: Yeo, Yoon
name: Abouelmagd, Sara A.
name: Ku, Youn Jin
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: Cancer
Biological Sciences
Chemistry
Biotechnology
Cell Biology
Medicine
Engineering
Biochemistry
Biophysics

description: Low molecular weight chitosan (LMWC) is a promising polymer for surface modification of nanoparticles (NPs), which can impart both stealth effect and electrostatic interaction with cells at mildly acidic pH of tumors. We previously produced LMWC-coated NPs via covalent conjugation to poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA-LMWC NPs). However, this method had several weaknesses including inefficiency and complexity of the production as well as increased hydrophilicity of the polymer matrix, which led to poor drug release control. Here, we used the dopamine polymerization method to produce LMWC-coated NPs (PLGA-pD-LMWC NPs), where the core NPs were prepared with PLGA that served best to load and retain drugs and then functionalized with LMWC via polydopamine layer. The PLGA-pD-LMWC NPs overcame the limitations of PLGA-LMWC NPs while maintaining their advantages. First of all, PLGA-pD-LMWC NPs attenuated the release of paclitaxel to a greater extent than PLGA-LMWC NPs. Moreover, PLGA-pD-LMWC NPs had a pH-dependent surface charge profile and cellular interactions similar to PLGA-LMWC NPs, enabling acid-specific NP–cell interaction and enhanced drug delivery to cells in weakly acidic environment. Although the LMWC layer did not completely prevent protein binding in serum solution, PLGA-pD-LMWC NPs showed less phagocytic uptake than bare PLGA NPs.
Attractor landscapes in Boolean networks with firing memory
Creators: name: Goles, Eric
name: Lobos, Fabiola
name: Ruz, Gonzalo A.
name: Sené, Sylvain
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper we study the dynamical behavior of Boolean networks with firing memory, namely Boolean networks whose vertices are updated synchronously depending on their proper Boolean local transition functions so that each vertex remains at its firing state a finite number of steps. We prove in particular that these networks have the same computational power than the classical ones, ie any Boolean network with firing memory composed of $m$ vertices can be simulated by a Boolean network by adding vertices. We also prove general results on specific classes of networks. For instance, we show that the existence of at least one delay greater than 1 in disjunctive networks makes such networks have only fixed points as attractors. Moreover, for arbitrary networks composed of two vertices, we characterize the delay phase space, \ie the delay values such that networks admits limit cycles or fixed points. Finally, we analyze two classical biological models by introducing delays: the model of the immune control of the $λ$-phage and that of the genetic control of the floral morphogenesis of the plant \emph{Arabidopsis thaliana}.
Multivalent targeting of AT1 receptors with angiotensin II-functionalized nanoparticles
Creators: name: Hennig, Robert
name: Goepferich, Achim
name: Pollinger, Klaus
name: Joerg Tessmar
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cancer
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Chemistry
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Biophysics

description: The angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AT1R) is a G protein-coupled receptor of paramount significance since it is overexpressed in a number of diseased tissues that are highly attractive for nanoparticle targeting. However, it is also expressed at physiological levels in healthy tissue. Multivalent interactions mediated by multiple AT1R-binding moieties per nanoparticle could promote a high binding avidity to AT1R overexpressing cells and concomitantly spare off-target tissue. To investigate the feasibility of this approach, angiotensin II was thiolated and conjugated to PEGylated quantum dots. Nanoparticle binding, uptake and affinity to several cell lines was investigated in detail. The colloids were rapidly taken up by clathrin-mediated endocytosis into AT1R-expressing cells and showed no interaction with receptor negative cells. The EC50 of the thiolated angiotensin II was determined to be 261 nM, whereas the ligand-conjugated Qdots activated the receptor with an EC50 of 8.9 nM. This 30-fold higher affinity of the nanoparticles compared to the unconjugated peptide clearly demonstrated the presence of multivalent effects when using agonist-targeted nanoparticles. Our study provides compelling evidence that, despite being immediately endocytosed, Ang II-coupled nanoparticles exert potent multivalent ligand–receptor interactions that can be used to establish high affinities to an AT1R overexpressing cell and tissue.
Gas-atomized particles of giant magnetocaloric compound HoB2 for magnetic hydrogen liquefiers
Creators: name: Yamamoto, Takafumi D.
name: Takeya, Hiroyuki
name: Saito, Akiko T.
name: Terashima, Kensei
name: de Castro, Pedro Baptista
name: Numazawa, Takenori
name: Takano, Yoshihiko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The processing of promising magnetocaloric materials into spheres is one of the important issues on developing high-performance magnetic refrigeration systems. In the present study, we achieved in producing spherical particles of a giant magnetocaloric compound HoB2 by a crucible-free gas atomization process, despite its high melting point of 2350 C. The particle size distribution ranges from 100 to 710 micrometers centered at 212-355 micrometers with the highest yield of 14-20wt% of total melted electrode, which is suitable for magnetic refrigeration systems. The majority of the resulting particles are mostly spherical with no contamination during the processing, while unique microstructures are observed on the surface and inside. These spherical particles exhibit sharp magnetic transitions and huge magnetic entropy change of 0.34 J cm^{-3} K^{-1} for a magnetic field change of 5 T at 15.5 K. The high sphericality and the high magnetocaloric performance suggest that the HoB2 gas-atomized particles have good potential as magnetic refrigerants for use in magnetic refrigerators for hydrogen liquefaction.
description: 6pages(double column), 6 figures
About block-parallel Boolean networks: a position paper
Creators: name: Demongeot, Jacques
name: Sené, Sylvain
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In automata networks, it is well known that the way entities update their states over time has a major impact on their dynamics. In particular, depending on the chosen update schedule, the underlying dynamical systems may exhibit more or less asymptotic dynamical behaviours such as fixed points or limit cycles. Since such mathematical models have been used in the framework of biological networks modelling, the question of choosing appropriate update schedules has arised soon. In this note, focusing on Boolean networks, our aim is to emphasise that the adequate way of thinking regulations and genetic expression over time is certainly not to consider a wall segregating synchronicity from asynchronicity because they actually complement rather well. In particular, we highlight that specific update schedules, namely block-parallel update schedules, whose intrinsic features are still not known from a theoretical point of view, admit realistic and pertinent properties in the context of biological modelling and deserve certainly more attention from the community.
The effectiveness and safety of rituximab as induction therapy in ABO-compatible non-sensitized renal transplantation: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Creators: name: Wisit Cheungpasitporn
name: Charat Thongprayoon
name: Edmonds, Peter J.
name: Jackrapong Bruminhent
name: Kawin Tangdhanakanond
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Hematology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Cancer
subject: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Medicine

description: Background: The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of rituximab as induction therapy in ABO-compatible, non-sensitized renal transplantation. Methods: A literature search for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was performed from inception through February 2015. Studies that reported relative risks or hazard ratios comparing the risks of biopsy-proven acute rejection (BPAR), graft loss, leukopenia, infection or mortality in ABO-compatible, non-sensitized renal transplant recipients who received rituximab as induction therapy versus controls were included. Pooled risk ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using a random-effect, generic inverse variance method. Results: Four RCTs with 480 patients were included in the meta-analysis. Pooled RR of BPAR in recipients with rituximab induction was 0.90 (95% CI 0.50–1.60). Compared to placebo, the risk of BPAR in rituximab group was 0.76 (95% CI 0.51–1.14, I2 = 0). The risk of leukopenia was increased in rituximab group with the pooled RR of 8.22 (95% CI 2.08–32.47). There were no statistical differences in the risks of infection, graft loss and mortality at 3–6 months after transplantation with pool RRs of 1.02 (95% CI 0.85–1.21), 0.55 (95% CI 0.21–1.48) and 0.58 (95% CI 0.17–1.99), respectively. Conclusion: This meta-analysis demonstrated insignificant reduced risks of BPAR, graft loss or mortality among in ABO-compatible, non-sensitized renal transplant recipients with rituximab induction. Although rituximab induction significantly increases risk of leukopenia, it appears to be safe with no significant risk of infection.
Efficient “green” encapsulation of a highly hydrophilic anticancer drug in metal–organic framework nanoparticles
Creators: name: Couvreur, Patrick
name: Rodriguez-Ruiz, Violeta
name: Maksimenko, Andrei
name: Anand, Resmi
name: Monti, Sandra
name: Agostoni, Valentina
name: Lampropoulou, Maria
name: Yannakopoulou, Konstantina
name: Gref, Ruxandra
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biological Sciences
Chemistry
Biotechnology
Pharmacology
Molecular Biology
Medicine
Biochemistry

description: Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are coordination polymers of interest for biomedical applications. Of particular importance, nanoparticles made of iron(III) trimesate (MIL-100, MIL standing for Material Institut Lavoisier) (nanoMOFs) can be conveniently synthesised under mild and green conditions. They were shown to be biodegradable, biocompatible and efficient to encapsulate a variety of active molecules. We have addressed here the challenges to encapsulate a highly hydrophilic anticancer prodrug, phosphated gemcitabin (Gem-MP) known for its instability and inability to bypass cell membranes. MIL-100 nanoMOFs acted as efficient “nanosponges”, soaking Gem-MP from its aqueous solution with almost perfect efficiency (>98%). Maximal loadings reached ∼30 wt% reflecting the strong interaction between the drug and the iron trimesate matrices. Neither degradation nor loss of crystalline structure was observed after the loading process. Storage of the loaded nanoMOFs in water did not result in drug release over three days. However, Gem-MP was released in media containing phosphates, as a consequence to particle degradation. Drug-loaded nanoMOFs were effective against pancreatic PANC-1 cells, in contrast to free drug and empty nanoMOFs. However, an efflux phenomenon could contribute to reduce the efficacy of the nanocarriers. Size optimization and surface modification of the nanoMOFs are expected to further improve these findings.
Pathways through Conspiracy: The Evolution of Conspiracy Radicalization through Engagement in Online Conspiracy Discussions
Creators: name: Phadke, Shruti
name: Samory, Mattia
name: Mitra, Tanushree
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The disruptive offline mobilization of participants in online conspiracy theory (CT) discussions has highlighted the importance of understanding how online users may form radicalized conspiracy beliefs. While prior work researched the factors leading up to joining online CT discussions and provided theories of how conspiracy beliefs form, we have little understanding of how conspiracy radicalization evolves after users join CT discussion communities. In this paper, we provide the empirical modeling of various radicalization phases in online CT discussion participants. To unpack how conspiracy engagement is related to radicalization, we first characterize the users' journey through CT discussions via conspiracy engagement pathways. Specifically, by studying 36K Reddit users through their 169M contributions, we uncover four distinct pathways of conspiracy engagement: steady high, increasing, decreasing, and steady low. We further model three successive stages of radicalization guided by prior theoretical works. Specific sub-populations of users, namely those on steady high and increasing conspiracy engagement pathways, progress successively through various radicalization stages. In contrast, users on the decreasing engagement pathway show distinct behavior: they limit their CT discussions to specialized topics, participate in diverse discussion groups, and show reduced conformity with conspiracy subreddits. By examining users who disengage from online CT discussions, this paper provides promising insights about conspiracy recovery process.
The first 6 weeks of recovery after total knee arthroplasty with fast track
Creators: name: Egmond, Jeroen C Van
name: Verburg, Hennie
name: Mathijssen, Nina M C
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Science Policy
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Engineering

description: Background and purpose — During the last decade, many hospitals have implemented fast-track protocols for total knee arthroplasty (TKA). These protocols reduce the length of hospital stay, but there is no literature on the first period after hospital discharge. We determined how patients experienced the first 6 weeks after hospital discharge after fast-track TKA surgery.Patients and methods — 34 consecutive patients who had TKA surgery with fast track received a diary for 6 weeks, which contained various international validated questionnaires. In addition, general questions regarding pain, the wound, physiotherapy, and thrombosis prophylaxis injections were posed.Results — 4 of the 34 patients were excluded during the study. Of the remaining 30 patients, 28 were positive regarding the short length of hospital stay. Pain gradually decreased and quality of life and function gradually improved during the 6 weeks. Mean hours of weekly physiotherapy were 0.6 for the first week and 0.9 during the sixth week, with high variance of treatment modalities due to the lack of standardized treatment protocols. Additional clinical consultations were needed in 9 patients during the 6-week period.Interpretation — 28 of 30 patients were satisfied with the short length of hospital stay. The intensity of physiotherapy was surprisingly low. The quality of life 6 weeks after discharge was similar to that before the surgery.
Trends in the use of renal replacement therapy modality in intensive care unit: a 7 year study
Creators: name: Charat Thongprayoon
name: Wisit Cheungpasitporn
name: Ahmed, Adil H.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Science Policy
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Medicine

description: Background: The use of renal replacement therapy (RRT) modality in the intensive care unit (ICU) depends primarily on provider preference and hospital resource. This study aims to describe the prevalence of RRT use and the trends in RRT modality use in the ICU over the past 7 years. Methods: All ICU admissions, including medical, cardiac, and surgical ICUs from 1 January 2007 to 31 December 2013, were included in this study. RRT use was defined as the use of intermittent hemodialysis (IHD) or continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) within a given ICU day. The RRT use was reported as the proportion of ICU days on each RRT modality divided by the total ICU days with RRT usage. Results: Over the course of this study (72,005 ICU admissions), 272,271 ICU days were generated. RRTs were used in 4110 ICU admissions (5.7%) and on 21,159 ICU days (7.8%). RRT use was 10,402 (49%) for IHD, and 10,954 (52%) for CRRT. The trend of IHD and CRRT use did not change from year 2007 to 2013. On ICU days with RRT, the choice of RRT modality was associated with the number of vasopressor use (p Conclusions: RRTs were used in about 6% of ICU admission. The use of IHD and CRRT was similar and did not change over 7 years. The choice of RRT modality mainly depended on the number of vasopressors used on ICU days with RRT.
title: The lingering mysteries of metastatic angiosarcoma: A rare case report
Creators: name: H E, Roja
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Cardiovascular
subject: Cardiovascular system
subject: Oncology
subject: CT
subject: PET-CT
subject: Biopsy
subject: Chemotherapy
subject: Metastases
subject: Multidisciplinary cancer care
subject: Clinical Case

description: Clinical History: A 45-year-old male patient presented to the emergency department with a history of chest pain and haemoptysis for one month. On examination, his vitals were stable, and other systemic examinations were unremarkable. Sputum evaluation for Acid-Fast Bacilli (AFB) and gene expert were negative. Haematological investigations showed a rise in erythrocyte sedimentation rate measuring 30 mm/hr (normal ≤ 15 mm/hr) and C-reactive protein levels of 24 mg/dL (normal <0.3 mg/dL). Electrocardiography was normal.

description: 45 years, male
Floquet Amable, Histoire du parlement de Normandie, Rouen, É. Frère, 1841, tome 4
Creators: name: Floquet, Amable
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2019

description: Source: https://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k945601?rk=107296;4
description: Relation: vignette : https://www.nakala.fr/data/11280/2e49c33f
Double gyroid structures made of asymmetric dimers
Creators: name: Wolska, Joanna Maria
name: Pociecha, Damian
name: Mieczkowski, Józef
name: Gorecka, Ewa
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Gyroid cubic phases are interesting for both scientists and engineers due to possible applications in electronic devices. New series of dimeric molecules, despite their flexible molecular structure, can display double gyroid cubic phase with Ia3d symmetry and lattice parameter corresponding to double molecular length. The cubic phase is structurally related to columnar phase and both phases often coexist in the same temperature window. Apparently, for studied compounds stronger molecular asymmetry promotes cubic structure. Interestingly, for the examined compounds the transition between two isotropic liquids was observed.
Double gyroid structures made of asymmetric dimers
Creators: name: Wolska, Joanna Maria
name: Pociecha, Damian
name: Mieczkowski, Józef
name: Gorecka, Ewa
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Gyroid cubic phases are interesting for both scientists and engineers due to possible applications in electronic devices. New series of dimeric molecules, despite their flexible molecular structure, can display double gyroid cubic phase with Ia3d symmetry and lattice parameter corresponding to double molecular length. The cubic phase is structurally related to columnar phase and both phases often coexist in the same temperature window. Apparently, for studied compounds stronger molecular asymmetry promotes cubic structure. Interestingly, for the examined compounds the transition between two isotropic liquids was observed.
Bimodal regulation of p21waf1 protein as function of DNA damage levels
Creators: name: G Buscemi
name: C Ricci
name: L Zannini
name: E Fontanella
name: P Plevani
name: D Delia
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Hematology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: Cancer
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Microbiology
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Biophysics

description: Human p21Waf1 protein is well known for being transcriptionally induced by p53 and activating the cell cycle checkpoint arrest in response to DNA breaks. Here we report that p21Waf1 protein undergoes a bimodal regulation, being upregulated in response to low doses of DNA damage but rapidly and transiently degraded in response to high doses of DNA lesions. Responsible for this degradation is the checkpoint kinase Chk1, which phosphorylates p21Waf1 on T145 and S146 residues and induces its proteasome-dependent proteolysis. The initial p21Waf1 degradation is then counteracted by the ATM-Chk2 pathway, which promotes the p53-dependent accumulation of p21Waf1 at any dose of damage. We also found that p21Waf1 ablation favors the activation of an apoptotic program to eliminate otherwise irreparable cells. These findings support a model in which in human cells a balance between ATM-Chk2-p53 and the ATR-Chk1 pathways modulates p21Waf1 protein levels in relation to cytostatic and cytotoxic doses of DNA damage.
Publication on sleep restriction effects on the HPA axis and on drug seeking during abstinence.
Creators: name: Everson, Carol
name: hraff@mcw.edu, hraff@mcw.edu
name: Olsen, Chris
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 320999
subject: Neurosciences not elsewhere classified

description: Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis dynamics are disrupted by opioids and may be involved in substance abuse; this persists during withdrawal and abstinence and is associated with co-morbid sleep disruption leading to vulnerability to relapse. We hypothesized that chronic sleep restriction (SR) alters the HPA axis diurnal rhythm and the sexually dimorphic response to acute stressor during opioid abstinence. We developed a rat model to evaluate the effect of persistent sleep loss during opioid abstinence on HPA axis dynamics in male and female rats. Plasma ACTH and corticosterone were measured diurnally and in response to acute restraint stress in rats Before (control) compared to During subsequent opioid abstinence without or with SR. Abstinence, regardless of sleep state, led to an increase in plasma ACTH and corticosterone in the morning in males. There was a tendency for higher PM plasma ACTH during abstinence in SR males (p¼0.076). ACTH and corticosterone responses to restraint were reduced in male SR rats whereas there was a failure to achieve the post-restraint nadir in female SR rats. There was no effect of the treatments or interventions on adrenal weight normalized to body weight. SR resulted in a dramatic increase in hypothalamic PVN AVP mRNA and plasma copeptin in male but not female rats. This corresponded to the attenuation of the HPA axis stress response in SR males during opioid abstinence. We have identified a potentially unique, sexually dimorphic role for magnocellular vasopressin in the control of the HPA axis during opioid abstinence and sleep restriction.
title: Änderung und Neufassung der Ordnung über den Zugang und die Zulassung für den konsekutiven Masterstudiengang „Mathematik" an der Technischen Universität Braunschweig, Carl-Friedrich-Gauß-Fakultät
Creators: name: :None
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Braunschweig. Fakultät 1
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Zulassungsordnung
subject: 379

description: Hochschulöffentliche Bekanntmachungen der Technischen Universität Braunschweig, vol. 1139
Regulation of wee1+ expression during meiosis in fission yeast
Creators: name: Aiba, Hirofumi
name: Murakami, Hiroshi
name: Murakami-Tonami, Yuko
name: Ohtsuka, Hokuto
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Chemistry
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biochemistry

description: In eukaryotes, the cyclin-dependent kinase Cdk1p (Cdc2p) plays a central role in entry into and progression through nuclear division during mitosis and meiosis. Cdk1p is activated during meiotic nuclear divisions by dephosphorylation of its tyrosine-15 residue. The phosphorylation status of this residue is largely determined by the Wee1p kinase and the Cdc25p phosphatase. In fission yeast, the forkhead-type transcription factor Mei4p is essential for entry into the first meiotic nuclear division. We recently identified cdc25+ as an essential target of Mei4p in the control of entry into meiosis I. Here, we show that wee1+ is another important target of Mei4p in the control of entry into meiosis I. Mei4p bound to the upstream region of wee1+ in vivo and in vitro and inhibited expression of wee1+, whereas Mei4p positively regulated expression of the adjacent pseudogene. Overexpression of Mei4p inhibited expression of wee1+ and induced that of the pseudogene. Conversely, deletion of Mei4p did not decrease expression of wee1+ but inhibited that of the pseudogene. In addition, deletion of Mei4p-binding regions delayed repression of wee1+ expression as well as induction of expression of the pseudogene. These results suggest that repression of wee1+ expression is primarily owing to Mei4p-mediated transcriptional interference.
Constructing dynamic residential energy lifestyles using Latent Dirichlet Allocation
Creators: name: Chen, Xiao
name: Zanocco, Chad
name: Flora, June
name: Rajagopal, Ram
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The rapid expansion of Advanced Meter Infrastructure (AMI) has dramatically altered the energy information landscape. However, our ability to use this information to generate actionable insights about residential electricity demand remains limited. In this research, we propose and test a new framework for understanding residential electricity demand by using a dynamic energy lifestyles approach that is iterative and highly extensible. To obtain energy lifestyles, we develop a novel approach that applies Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA), a method commonly used for inferring the latent topical structure of text data, to extract a series of latent household energy attributes. By doing so, we provide a new perspective on household electricity consumption where each household is characterized by a mixture of energy attributes that form the building blocks for identifying a sparse collection of energy lifestyles. We examine this approach by running experiments on one year of hourly smart meter data from 60,000 households and we extract six energy attributes that describe general daily use patterns. We then use clustering techniques to derive six distinct energy lifestyle profiles from energy attribute proportions. Our lifestyle approach is also flexible to varying time interval lengths, and we test our lifestyle approach seasonally (Autumn, Winter, Spring, and Summer) to track energy lifestyle dynamics within and across households and find that around 73% of households manifest multiple lifestyles across a year. These energy lifestyles are then compared to different energy use characteristics, and we discuss their practical applications for demand response program design and lifestyle change analysis.
description: forthcoming in Applied Energy
title: Investigation of the functional effects of auto-immune ionotropic glutamate receptor antibodies in representative in vitro CNS preparations
Creators: name: Day, Charlotte
Publisher: name: University of Reading
Year: 2022

description: The NR1 subunit of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) and the GluR3 subunit of α-amino-3-
hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptors (AMPARs) have been identified as targets of 
autoantibodies (Aabs) in autoimmune encephalopathy, whereby seizures, cognitive impairment and memory 
loss are key symptoms. Recent studies have proposed mechanisms by which these Aabs act on their 
respective receptors, but their role in neuronal excitability, seizures and autoimmune epilepsy is yet to be 
established. Patient Aabs have been shown to bind to specific regions within the NR1 and GluR3 subunits. 
Therefore, peptide immunisation was used to generate Aabs in rabbits against these specific sequences, and 
‘protein A’ purification to obtain total IgG, or peptide purification to obtain target specific Aabs. Binding 
and specificity of these Aabs were determined using a range of methodologies including enzyme-linked 
immunosorbent assay (ELISA), immunocytochemistry (ICC) and immunohistochemistry (IHC). Functional 
effects were determined using a range of in vitro electrophysiology techniques, including two-electrode 
voltage-clamp on Xenopus oocytes, long-term potentiation (LTP) in hippocampal brain slices using multi�electrode arrays, and excitatory postsynaptic currents (EPSCs) from primary hippocampal neurons using 
whole-cell patch-clamp. This study has shown NMDAR and AMPAR Aabs generated from peptide 
immunisation demonstrated specificity for NR1 and GluR3 immunisation peptides as well as target-specific 
binding to their native proteins in ELISA, IHC and ICC. Upon further purification, NMDAR Aabs were 
shown to prevent the induction of LTP at Schaffer collateral-CA1 synapses, supporting the proposed Aab�induced internalisation of NMDARs mechanism of action. Acute and chronic application of AMPAR Aabs 
elicited a reduction in spontaneous and miniature EPSC frequency in hippocampal neurons. Our data is 
consistent with NMDAR Aabs decreasing the number of synaptic NMDARs via internalisation, and 
AMPAR Aabs acting via an inhibitory mechanism at the synaptic level, in both cases an effect consistent 
with a disruption to the excitatory/inhibitory network. This work provides a solid basis to address outstanding 
questions regarding the mechanism of both these Aabs; for example, future work using internalisation assays 
or applying Aabs to in vitro models of epileptiform activity to determine their roles on network activity. The 
basic science presented here can contribute to the development of novel AEDs with respect autoimmune 
epilepsy.