cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Accusative clitics, null objects, and the object agreement cycle
Creators: name: Maddox, Matthew
Publisher: name: Journal of Historical Syntax
Year: 2021

description: Conservative varieties of Modern Spanish exhibit clitic left-dislocation and accusative clitic doubling of pronominal objects. Clitic left-dislocation occurs in Old Spanish but accusative clitic doubling first appears in the fifteenth century, becoming regular in the sixteenth century. Conservative Modern Spanish allows some non-referential null objects but generally lacks null referential objects. However, null referential objects do occur in Rioplatense Spanish (Schwenter 2006). In this paper, I show how these patterns are related. My main claim is that clitic left-dislocation, accusative clitic doubling, and null referential objects become available diachronically as a result of the grammaticalization of object clitics; i.e., van Gelderen’s (2011) Object Agreement Cycle. The stage of the cycle a language is in correlates with whether the language has clitic left-dislocation, accusative clitic doubling, and/or null referential objects. I extend Holmberg, Nayudu & Sheehan’s (2009) D-in-T analysis of null subjects to null objects. I propose that the D-feature that licenses null objects on v is there due to the cycle; i.e., reanalysis of object clitics. My analysis accounts for the distribution of clitic left-dislocation, accusative clitic doubling, and null referential objects in Romance and it leads to the prediction that a language with clitic-less null referential objects will have developed less restricted accusative clitic doubling first.
description: Journal of Historical Syntax, Vol 5 No 16-25 (2021): Proceedings of the 21st Diachronic Generative Syntax (DiGS) Conference
Cluster Merger Variance and the Luminosity Gap Statistic
Creators: name: Milosavljevic, Milos
name: Miller, Christopher J.
name: Furlanetto, Steven R.
name: Cooray, Asantha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The presence of multiple luminous galaxies in clusters can be explained by the finite time over which a galaxy sinks to the center of the cluster and merges with the the central galaxy. The simplest measurable statistic to quantify the dynamical age of a system of galaxies is the luminosity (magnitude) gap, which is the difference in photometric magnitude between the two most luminous galaxies. We present a simple analytical estimate of the luminosity gap distribution in groups and clusters as a function of dark matter halo mass. The luminosity gap is used to define "fossil" groups; we expect the fraction of fossil systems to exhibit a strong and model-independent trend with mass: ~1-3% of massive clusters and ~5-40% of groups should be fossil systems. We also show that, on cluster scales, the observed intrinsic scatter in the central galaxy luminosity-halo mass relation can be ascribed to dispersion in the merger histories of satellites within the cluster. We compare our predictions to the luminosity gap distribution in a sample of 730 clusters in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey C4 Catalog and find good agreement. This suggests that theoretical excursion set merger probabilities and the standard theory of dynamical segregation are valid on cluster scales.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
title: Age and origin of proterozoic kimberlites and lamproites from the Dharwar Craton, southern India
Creators: name: Osborne, Ian
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2012

description: This is a study of kimberlite and lamproite intrusions located in southern India within the Eastern Dharwar craton (EDC). Bulk-rock major-element, trace-element, REE- and Nd- isotopic data support previous studies that have classified the ultramafic magrnatism located in the EDC as either Group I kimberlite or lamproite. This study reports new high-precision Ar-Ar age data for southern Indian ultrapotassic rocks (kimberlites and lamproites). Previously, the Chelima lamproite (ca. 1400 Ma) was considered to be one of the oldest lamproites in the world. However, our age data suggest that at least one lamproite (Pochampalle from Krishna lamproite field) was generated in the same region 100 Ma before the Chelima event. The Pochampalle lamproite was emplaced around ~ 1500 Ma as shown by the Ar-Ar data in this study, roughly 250 Ma before the other Krishna lamproites. It would seem that the Pochampalle lamproite was also derived from an isotopically distinct source region with a lower 143Nd/144Nd ratio than other Krishna lamproites. These findings not only have implications for regional ultramafic/ultrapotassic magrnatism, but also demonstrate that the mantle processes for producing lamproitic melts existed earlier than previously thought. This study also presents the first Hf isotopic analyses of perovskites from Indian kimberlites. Perovskites fall into two distinct groups in Hf isotope space, suggesting a degree of heterogeneity in the source of the kimberlites in the EDC. The kimberlites are all found in such close proximity that lateral variations in the source are unlikely, but this does not preclude vertical heterogeneity in the source region(s). I propose a model of kimberlite generation with a vertically heterogeneous source that has undergone separate periods of enrichment and depletion before kimberlite melt generation and emplacement at ~ 11 00 Ma.
Merged and moved
Creators: name: Nilsen, Christine Meklenborg
Publisher: name: Journal of Historical Syntax
Year: 2021

description: Old and Middle French have two different kinds of topics -- one where the resumptive element is a pronoun, the other where it is the C-particle SI. This paper discusses the different properties of these two topicalization strategies based on quantitative data from the 12th to 15th centuries. During this time SI topicalization gets more restricted before SI is reanalysed as the demonstrative pronoun CE. It is argued that while PRON topicalization is based on Merge, SI topicalization is derived by movement. During the period investigated, Old French grammar shifts from V2 grammar to SVO, which also affects the possibilities with respect to topicalization. When movement into the Left Periphery no longer is obligatory for the finite verb, SI topicalization is no longer possible.
description: Journal of Historical Syntax, Vol 5 No 16-25 (2021): Proceedings of the 21st Diachronic Generative Syntax (DiGS) Conference
Competition between homogeneous and local processes in a diffusive many-body system
Creators: name: Mobilia, Mauro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a stochastic many-body system where a source refills uniformly the empty sites of a hypercubic lattice, on which each particle is allowed to jump (symmetrically) onto neighboring vacant sites. In addition, there is a local {\it trap}, in competition with the injection reaction, which perturbs the dynamics by removing particles from the system. In dimensions $d=1, 2$ and 3, for an ``imperfect'' and a ``perfect'' trap, the spatiotemporal effect of the local perturbation of the dynamics is investigated by computing the exact concentration of particles in the system and it is shown that the density profile exhibits a depletion (in one and two dimensions) which properties depend on the space dimension. The exact reactive (fluctuating) steady state and the long-time behavior of the concentration of particles are explicitly computed.
description: 20 pages, 1 figure, 1 table, IOP format. Two appendices added. Published in Journal of Statistical Mechanics: Theory and Experiment
Entrepreneurship education in agriculture: The EARTH University approach
Creators: name: Daniel, Sherrard
name: Irene, Alvarado
name: Daniel, Sherrard
name: Irene, Alvarado
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Agricultural development
subject: Costa Rica
subject: EARTH University
subject: entrepreneurial education

description: Entrepreneurship is an essential component of agricultural development and is receiving increasing interest, especially in the developing world. However, until very recently, entrepreneurship has not been a theme included in programs of higher education in agriculture. This paper highlights the importance of entrepreneurship in agricultural development and describes in some detail the entrepreneurial capacity building program at EARTH University in Costa Rica. The paper concludes with a discussion of the challenges and possibilities for developing agribusiness entrepreneurial education programs in the African context.
Donor funding priorities for disease control
Creators: name: Shiffman, Jeremy
Publisher: name: American University (Washington, D.C.)
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 4206
subject: Public health
classificationCode: 4407
subject: Policy and administration

description: Health policy scholars largely have ignored the questions of which developing world diseases donors prioritize, and why differential treatment across diseases exists. To investigate these issues, I classify all reported donor projects from the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) for infectious disease control from 1976 to 2000, present funding totals by disease, and examine evidence for a set of hypotheses concerning determinants of funding patterns. No infectious disease has received more than minimal attention by the group of advanced industrial states. However, some diseases have received considerably greater priority than others. OECD data indicate that HIV/AIDS received nearly two-thirds of all donor funding targeted for infectious disease control in the 1990s, although the disease represented just over one-quarter of the burden among the diseases considered in this analysis. Acute respiratory infections stand as the most neglected set of diseases, posing nearly as high a burden as AIDS but receiving less than a penny of donor funding for each healthy life-year lost in the developing world. Consideration of the seriousness of the crises explains some of the variance in donor funding levels across diseases. However, advanced industrial interests also likely have great influence on funding distributions.
Poisson algebras and symmetric Leibniz bialgebra structures on oscillator Lie algebras
Creators: name: Albuquerque, Helena
name: Barreiro, Elisabete
name: Benayadi, Saïd
name: Boucetta, Mohamed
name: Sánchez, José M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Oscillator Lie algebras are the only non commutative solvable Lie algebras which carry a bi-invariant Lorentzian metric. In this paper, we determine all the Poisson structures, and in particular, all symmetric Leibniz algebra structures whose underlying Lie algebra is an oscillator Lie algebra. We give also all the symmetric Leibniz bialgebra structures whose underlying Lie bialgebra structure is a Lie bialgebra structure on an oscillator Lie algebra. We derive some geometric consequences on oscillator Lie groups.
Awareness, perceptions and implementation of policy and legal provisions on wetlands in Uganda
Creators: name: Nelson, Turyahabwe
name: David, Mwesigye Tumusime
name: Fred, Yikii
name: Willy, Kakuru
name: Vincent, Barugahare
name: Nelson, Turyahabwe
name: David, Mwesigye Tumusime
name: Fred, Yikii
name: Willy, Kakuru
name: Vincent, Barugahare
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: legal provisions
subject: perceptions
subject: policy
subject: Uganda
subject: wetlands

description: Wetland degradation is currently a major global environmental challenge. In Uganda, the situation is similar despite the country’s relatively long history of wetland policy and legislation. This study was carried out after over two decades since the onset of an ambitious national wetlands programme to examine local awareness and perceptions wetlands policy and legislation. It was conducted on the basis that understanding of the opinions and attitudes of farmers and other wetland users regarding wetland policies and regulations helps managers and policy makers in making informed decisions for sustainable wetland management. Semi-structured interviews conducted with 222 randomly selected households resident within a 5 km radius of the sampled wetlands were augmented by three Focus Group Discussions and 40 key informant interviews. More than half of the respondents (64%) were aware of the national wetlands management and conservation policy, with 32% expressly suggesting that the provisions in the National Environment Act are sufficient to support sustainable use of wetlands while only 6% expressed knowledge of informal or traditional rules and regulations for use of wetlands. Regression results revealed that education and income status significantly influenced respondents awareness of the wetland policy and provisions in other formal policies and laws. Residents of both Lake Victoria Crescent and South western farm lands were significantly (p<0.05) more likely to be aware of provisions in other formal policies and laws, owing to sensitisation by conservation projects based in these localities and having operational Community-based Wetland Management Plan. Majority (77%) of respondents expressed that the policies and legal provisions on wetlands were not adequately enforced and nearly 90% of the respondents perceived a need for locally tailored by-laws and ordinances and an improvement in communication of information about wetland policy. Irrespective of improvement in awareness of the wetland policy and legislation in Uganda, enforcement is likely to remain poor due to limited livelihood options for local people as they use wetlands for food security and livelihood improvement. Local communities also claim ignorance of wetland policy, regulations and laws that they do not agree with, given the sensitivity of use and management of wetland resources. Successful conservation of wetlands will thus depend on implementation of acknowledged policy and legal provisions coupled with the crafting and creation of awareness of locally tailored policies, by- laws and ordinances on wetlands.
Donor funding priorities for disease control
Creators: name: Shiffman, Jeremy
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Health policy scholars largely have ignored the questions of which developing world diseases donors prioritize, and why differential treatment across diseases exists. To investigate these issues, I classify all reported donor projects from the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) for infectious disease control from 1976 to 2000, present funding totals by disease, and examine evidence for a set of hypotheses concerning determinants of funding patterns. No infectious disease has received more than minimal attention by the group of advanced industrial states. However, some diseases have received considerably greater priority than others. OECD data indicate that HIV/AIDS received nearly two-thirds of all donor funding targeted for infectious disease control in the 1990s, although the disease represented just over one-quarter of the burden among the diseases considered in this analysis. Acute respiratory infections stand as the most neglected set of diseases, posing nearly as high a burden as AIDS but receiving less than a penny of donor funding for each healthy life-year lost in the developing world. Consideration of the seriousness of the crises explains some of the variance in donor funding levels across diseases. However, advanced industrial interests also likely have great influence on funding distributions.
The Brauer group of Burnside rings
Creators: name: Szymik, Markus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The Brauer group of a commutative ring is an important invariant of a commutative ring, a common journeyman to the group of units and the Picard group. Burnside rings of finite groups play an important role in representation theory, and their groups of units and Picard groups have been studied extensively. In this short note, we completely determine the Brauer groups of Burnside rings: they vanish.
description: 9 pages
Generating political priority for public health causes in developing countries : Implications from a study on maternal mortality
Creators: name: Shiffman, Jeremy
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Why do some serious health issues—such as HIV/AIDS—get considerable attention and others—such as malaria and collapsing health systems—get very little? Why and under what conditions do political leaders consider an issue worthy of sustained attention, and back up that attention with money and other resources? In this CGD Brief, visiting fellow Jeremy Shiffman, an associate professor of public administration at the Maxwell School of Syracuse University, discusses nine factors that influenced the degree to which national leaders in five countries made one public health issue—maternal mortality—a political priority.1 Pregnancy-related complications are the leading cause of mortality globally among adult women of reproductive age, with more than half a million deaths annually.2 But in some countries maternal health has become a priority and maternal deaths have fallen, while in other countries this has not yet occurred. Drawing on his comparison of these countries, Shiffman offers recommendations for public health priority-setting in developing countries.3 His bottom line: attaining public health goals is as much a political as it is a medical or technical challenge; success requires not only appropriate technical interventions but also effective political strategies.
SUPPORT TO REFORM THE LOCAL GOVERNMENT FINANCE ACT
Creators: name: ASPIRES Team
name: ASPIRES Team
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Food Security and Poverty
International Development

description: Following over two years of sustained collaborative effort with local stakeholders, the Local Government Finance Act (LGFA) stands on the verge of amendments stemming from work by Michigan State University and local colleagues on the issue. This would count as a major success in the USAID-Government of Tanzania partnership to improve agricultural- and rural policy.
The history of Greek conditionals & one modal cycle
Creators: name: Chatzopoulou, Aikaterini
Publisher: name: Journal of Historical Syntax
Year: 2021

description: It has been argued that the syntax of conditionals involves leftward movement of an operator (Lycan 2001, Haegeman 2003, 2009a,b, 2010). Conditionals have been analyzed specifically as involving movement of a worldoperator (Bhatt & Pancheva 2002, 2006) or clause typing operator (Haegeman 2010, 2012) to the left periphery of the clause. This paper provides evidence from the development of conditional clauses in Greek that support this analysis. Based on data from Homeric Greek up to Standard Modern Greek, I argue for the functional transformation of the lexical particle ἄν /an/ from purely modal particle to purely conditional particle. The Greek data, combining generative approaches on syntactic change such as structure economy and ‘up-the-tree’ movement (van Gelderen 2001, 2004, Roberts & Roussou 2003) with the Nonveridicality theory in the semantics (Giannakidou 1998 et seq.), provide the basis for the instantiation of operator movement in conditionals. The modal ἄν /an/ particle is analyzed as an element directly linked to the Nonveridicality Phrase (Chatzopoulou 2012, 2019), but the modal function was gradually taken by the (i)na particle of Late Medieval and Modern Greek, resulting in a full modal cycle, in the sense of cyclicity of van Gelderen (2011, 2016b).
description: Journal of Historical Syntax, Vol 5 No 16-25 (2021): Proceedings of the 21st Diachronic Generative Syntax (DiGS) Conference
Properties of baryon anti-decuplet
Creators: name: Oh, Yongseok
name: Kim, Hungchong
name: Lee, Su Houng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the group structure of baryon anti-decuplet containing the $Θ^+$. We derive the SU(3) mass relations among the pentaquark baryons in the anti-decuplet, when there is either no mixing or ideal mixing with the pentaquark octet, as advocated by Jaffe and Wilczek. This constitutes the Gell-Mann--Okubo mass formula for the pentaquark baryons. We also derive SU(3) symmetric Lagrangian for the interactions of the baryons in the anti-decuplet with the meson octet and the baryon octet. Our analysis for the decay widths of the anti-decuplet states suggests that the N(1710) is ruled out as a pure anti-decuplet state, but it may have anti-decuplet component in its wavefunction if the multiplet is mixed with the pentaquark octet.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure, phases are chosen to be consistent with the de Swart convention, to appear in Phys. Rev. D
Kemeny, G., 2000. Büntető eljárásjogunk tanúvédelemmel kapcsolatos módosításai, a bennük rejlő lehetőségek tükrében. Belügyi szemle 48(10), pp.85-99.
Creators: name: Kemeny, Gabor
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 180110 Criminal Law and Procedure
subject: FOS: Law

description: The article introduces the current legislation of witness protection and elaborates the possible way forward.
How lexical merger can drive grammaticalization
Creators: name: Danckaert, Lieven
name: Haegeman, Liliane
name: Prévost, Sophie
Publisher: name: Journal of Historical Syntax
Year: 2021

description: The aim of this paper is to elucidate the genesis of Romance third person personal pronouns deriving from Latin ILLE and IPSE, with special reference to the history of French. Drawing a parallel with the taxonomy of phonological mergers from Labov (1994), we argue that the Late Latin competition between ILLE and IPSE was resolved through a series of lexical mergers (i.e. the opposite of better known lexical splits). Concretely, we propose that strong personal pronouns (such as French lui) arose through merger of ILLE and IPSE, to the effect that the union of the feature sets of the latter two elements was transferred to the newly formed category. In contrast, weak pronouns (like French il) only retain the intersection of the feature sets of ILLE and IPSE. By creating new functional categories, lexical merger thus acts as a driving force behind grammaticalization.
description: Journal of Historical Syntax, Vol 5 No 16-25 (2021): Proceedings of the 21st Diachronic Generative Syntax (DiGS) Conference
Generating political priority for public health causes in developing countries : Implications from a study on maternal mortality
Creators: name: Shiffman, Jeremy
Publisher: name: Center for Global Development
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 4206
subject: Public health

description: Why do some serious health issues—such as HIV/AIDS—get considerable attention and others—such as malaria and collapsing health systems—get very little? Why and under what conditions do political leaders consider an issue worthy of sustained attention, and back up that attention with money and other resources? In this CGD Brief, visiting fellow Jeremy Shiffman, an associate professor of public administration at the Maxwell School of Syracuse University, discusses nine factors that influenced the degree to which national leaders in five countries made one public health issue—maternal mortality—a political priority.1 Pregnancy-related complications are the leading cause of mortality globally among adult women of reproductive age, with more than half a million deaths annually.2 But in some countries maternal health has become a priority and maternal deaths have fallen, while in other countries this has not yet occurred. Drawing on his comparison of these countries, Shiffman offers recommendations for public health priority-setting in developing countries.3 His bottom line: attaining public health goals is as much a political as it is a medical or technical challenge; success requires not only appropriate technical interventions but also effective political strategies.
Dual Gabriel Theorem with applications
Creators: name: Chen, Xiao-Wu
name: Huang, Hua-Lin
name: Zhang, Pu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We introduce the quiver of a bicomodule over a cosemisimple coalgebra. Applying this to the coradical $C_0$ of an arbitrary coalgebra $C$, we give an alternative definition of the Gabriel quiver of $C$, and then show that it coincides with the known $\operatorname {Ext}$ quiver of $C$ and the link quiver of $C$. The dual Gabriel theorem for a coalgebra with separable coradical is obtained, which generalizes the corresponding result for a pointed coalgebra. We also give a new description of $C_1$ of any coalgebra $C$, which can be regarded as a generalization of the first part of the well-known Taft-Wilson Theorem for pointed coalgebras. As applications, we give a characterization of locally finite coalgebras via their Gabriel quivers, and a property of the Gabriel quiver of a quasi-coFrobenius coalgebra.
description: 23 pages
Grain Boundary Serration in Nickel Alloy Inconel 600: Quantification and Mechanisms
Creators: name: Tang, Yuanbo T.
name: Karamched, Phani
name: Liu, Junliang
name: Haley, Jack C.
name: Reed, Roger C.
name: Wilkinson, Angus J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The serration of grain boundaries in Inconel 600 caused by heat treatment is studied systematically. A new method based on Fourier transforms is used to analyse the multiple wave-like character of the serrated grain boundaries. A new metric -- the serration index -- is devised and utilised to quantify the degree of serration and more generally to distinguish objectively between serrated and non-serrated boundaries. By considering the variation of the serration index with processing parameters, a causal relationship between degree of serration and solution treatment/cooling rate is elucidated. Processing maps for the degree of serration are presented. Two distinct formation mechanisms arise which rely upon grain boundary interaction with carbides: (i) Zener-type dragging which hinders grain boundary migration and (ii) a faceted carbide growth-induced serration.
Policy Reform Brief s No 3 December 2016 INNOVATION LAB FOR FOOD SECURITY POLICY TANZANIA Agricultural Sector Policy and Institutional Reform Strengthening (ASPIRES) ASPIRES SUPPORT TOWARDS THE ES TABLISHING OF A MARKET INTELLIGENCE UNIT (MIU)
Creators: name: ASPIRES Team
name: ASPIRES Team
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: International Development
subject: Tanzania

description: Tanzania has been food self-sufficient in staples such as maize and rice in normal years. However, reoccurring draughts in cycles of about 7-10 years have resulted in occasional food shortages. In recent years, the predictability of food availability has become more complex because of climate change leading to draughts and floods, often associated with El Nino and La Nina, respectively. Also, as markets become more regionally integrate d (through EAC or SADC), price shocks arising from food deficit in neighboring countries could be transmitted to Tanzanian markets. The Government of Tanzania has been responding to food price increase by releasing food stocks from National Food Reserve Agency (NFRA) or by restricting food trade.
BREED based de novo hybridization approach: generating novel T790M/C797S-EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors to overcome the problem of mutation and resistance in non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)
Creators: name: Patel, Harun M.
name: Matin Shaikh
name: Iqrar Ahmad
name: Lokwani, Deepak
name: Surana, Sanjay J.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Third generation EGFR inhibitor osimertinib was approved as the first-line treatment for EGFR T790M mutation-positive Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) patients in 2017. However, EGFR tertiary Cys797 to Ser797 (C797S) point mutation emanate rapidly after treatment of osimertinib, which is undruggable mutation to the all existing drugs. In this work, we have reported the novel T790M/C797S-EGFR Tyrosine Kinase inhibitors using BREED based de novo hybridization approach. BREED generates novel inhibitors from structures of known ligands bound to a common target. Among the generated hybridised breed compounds, the top best scorer breed molecules were breed 436, breed 530, breed 450, breed 562 and breed 313. Molecular Dynamics simulation of breed 436 for 10 ns further suggested that docked compound was stable into the pocket of the T790M/C797S-EGFR Tyrosine Kinase. In silico pharmacokinetic predictions of the breed hybridised compounds were within the defined range described for human use. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma
A Plural-to-Singular Reanalysis Cycle
Creators: name: Bates, Jonah
name: McKenzie, Andrew
Publisher: name: Journal of Historical Syntax
Year: 2021

description: The reanalysis of plural first and second person pronouns to singular reference constitutes a diachronic cycle involving both semantic and pragmatic processes. First comes semantic reanalysis through feature drop. Speakers change the underlying semantic content from plural to number-neutral reference by dropping plural presuppositions (carried by plural features) that they cease to accommodate. The number-neutral form then pushes out other forms, destroying the paradigmatic number contrast there. In many languages, a newly innovated plural then emerges, and pragmatic competition triggers the restriction of that previously number-neutral pro-noun to singular contexts. The generative basis for this cycle appears to be a synchronic relationship of asymmetric entailment between plurals and singulars. The semantic content of number φ-features, where plural pronouns are marked for sums while singulars are unmarked for number, means that the restriction of the unmarked member of the pair to singular contexts of use is due to pragmatic competition in plural contexts with the more presupposition-rich plural. These facts underlie the directionality of both the reanalysis and restriction stages of the cycle.
description: Journal of Historical Syntax, Vol 5 No 16-25 (2021): Proceedings of the 21st Diachronic Generative Syntax (DiGS) Conference
The roles of ram-pressure stripping and minor mergers in evolution of galaxies
Creators: name: Okamoto, Takashi
name: Nagashima, Masahiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate environmental effects on evolution of bright cluster galaxies in a Lambda-dominated cold dark matter universe using a combination of dissipationless N-body simulations and a semi-analytic galaxy formation model. We incorporate effects of ram-pressure stripping (RPS) and minor merger-induced small starburst (minor burst) into our model. By considering minor burst, observed morphology-radius relation is successfully reproduced. When we do not consider minor burst, the RPS hardly increases the intermediate B/T population. In addition, the RPS and minor burst are not important for colours or star formation rates of galaxies in the cluster core if star formation time-scale is properly chosen, because the star formation is sufficiently suppressed by consumption of the cold gas. We also find that SF in bulge-dominated galaxies is mainly terminated by starburst induced by major mergers in all environments.
description: To appear in the proceedings of IAU colloq. No. 195, "Outskirts of Galaxy Clusters: intense life in the suburbs", Torino, 12-16 March 2004, 5 pages, 2 figures, uses IAU macro
Emphatic elements and the development of definite articles
Creators: name: Bernstein, Judy
name: Ordóñez, Francisco
name: Roca, Francesc
Publisher: name: Journal of Historical Syntax
Year: 2021

description: This paper examines the evolution of double article systems in two Romance varieties, Balearic Catalan and Picard. In these languages the two definite articles have different syntactic distributions. We account for these double article systems with a multi-layered DP analysis that maps semantically onto Löbner’s (1985, 2011) Uniqueness Scale, further developed in Ortmann (2014). We trace the origins of the present-day definite articles to the Latin demonstrative ille (Catalan, Picard), emphatic pronoun and adnominal ipse (Catalan), and emphatic interjection particle ecce (Picard).The development of the present-day definite articles involved a stage where an emphatic form competed with the demonstrative. In the majority of the present-day Romance languages, a single definite article emerged from the competition that was already underway in Latin. In the Romance varieties considered here, two different forms emerged, but they took on different semantic interpretations. We show how the relevant semantic properties of the three Latin forms are discernible in the distribution of the definite articles that developed from them and that still exist in the present-day varieties.
description: Journal of Historical Syntax, Vol 5 No 16-25 (2021): Proceedings of the 21st Diachronic Generative Syntax (DiGS) Conference
K3 spectra
Creators: name: Szymik, Markus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The notion of a K3 spectrum is introduced in analogy with that of an elliptic spectrum and it is shown that there are "enough" K3 spectra in the sense that for all K3 surfaces X in a suitable moduli stack of K3 surfaces there is a K3 spectrum whose underlying ring is isomorphic to the local ring of the moduli stack in X with respect to the étale topology, and similarly for the ring of formal functions on the formal deformation space.
description: 23 pages
Protein dynamics and molecular motions study in relation to molecular interaction between proteins from sulfur oxidizing proteobacteria Allochromatium vinosum
Creators: name: Semanti Ghosh
name: Angshuman Bagchi
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: The gamma-proteobacteria Allochromatium vinosum DSM 180T (A. vinosum) encodes the sulfur oxidizing dsr operon comprising of 15 genes. Dsr proteins are involved in oxidation of sulfur globules produced as an obligatory intermediate during the sulfur oxidation process. The dsrA and dsrB gene products are known to function as a α2β2 hetero-tetramer and the protein complex plays the catalytic role in sulfur oxidation process. DsrC has a highly conserved C-terminal domain that forms a flexible arm, where two strictly conserved cysteines were found to act as a substrate donating residue for DsrAB instead of being a subunit of this redox enzyme. Therefore, to elucidate the molecular mechanism of the sulfur oxidation process here an attempt was made to study the dynamics, stability and binding mechanisms of DsrAB and DsrC proteins through computational docking and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. This structure function relationship investigation revealed that the C-terminal domain of DsrC interacts with DsrA of DsrAB protein complex for catalytic functions. Some basic amino acid residues of DsrC are found to form the catalytic pockets along with DsrAB protein complex where the sulfur anions bind to get oxidized. Structural dynamics and fluctuations as well as the secondary structural alterations study revealed the possible regions responsible for protein-protein interactions. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) of protein motions displayed that the collective motions of DsrAB-DsrC complex was higher and more anti-correlated than the unbound DsrAB form. The present molecular insight study would therefore help researchers to predict the plausible biochemical mechanism of sulfur oxidation process in sulfur metabolic pathways in near future. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma
Historical changes in Sub-word formation
Creators: name: Dali, Myriam
name: Mathieu, Eric
Publisher: name: Journal of Historical Syntax
Year: 2021

description: The aim of this article is to identify a new case of historical variation involving Sub-word formation. Most, if not all, research on diachronic changes in generative grammar involves changes or innovations in the status of linguistic terminals from M-words to Sub-words or vice-versa, but seldom discusses historical changes within M-words. Using insights from Diertani (2011) and the operation affix migration, with the support of analogy, we give a formal account of the various changes that the suffix –a(t) went through in early Semitic (focusing on Arabic), and the various meanings it picked up along the way. We propose that innovations in the function of –a(t) arose in circumstances of analytical ambiguity: the number and gender-marking properties of –a(t) developed out of the reanalysis of a pre-existing morpheme (but with no eradication of the previous function(s)). Based on reconstruction studies, our account of –a(t) is comparative and deductive and is based on theoretical insights from Distributed Morphology as well as featural accounts of number (Noyer 1992, Nevins 2011, Harbour 2011, Harbour 2014).
description: Journal of Historical Syntax, Vol 5 No 16-25 (2021): Proceedings of the 21st Diachronic Generative Syntax (DiGS) Conference
Spin Dependent Tunneling in FM|semiconductor|FM structures
Creators: name: Vutukuri, S.
name: Chshiev, M.
name: Butler, W. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Here we show that ordinary band structure codes can be used to understand the mechanisms of coherent spin-injection at interfaces between ferromagnets and semiconductors. This approach allows the screening of different material combinations for properties useful for obtaining high tunneling magnetoresistance (TMR). We used the Vienna Ab-initio Simulation Code (VASP) to calculate the wave function character of each band in periodic epitaxial Fe(100)|GaAs(100) and Fe(100)|ZnSe(100) structures. It is shown that Fe wave functions of different symmetry near Fermi energy decay differently in the GaAs and ZnSe.
description: Accepted for publication in MMM'05 Proceedings. 7 pages, 5 figures
Generation of political priority for global surgery : A qualitative policy analysis
Creators: name: Shawar, Yusra Ribhi
name: Shiffman, Jeremy
name: Spiegel, David A.
Publisher: name: Lancet Global Health
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 4206
subject: Public health
classificationCode: 4407
subject: Policy and administration

description: Description to be added
Subject gap coordination
Creators: name: Oppermann, Sophia
Publisher: name: Journal of Historical Syntax
Year: 2021

description: This paper focuses on the diachrony of Subject Gap Coordination in German, that is, coordination structures with a subject gap in one (or more) conjuncts. Subject Gap Coordination can be attested continuously from Early Old High German until the present day, but so far, it has been addressed almost exclusively in a synchronic perspective. Based on new Old High German and Middle High German data, I argue that the licensing conditions of the subject gap in coordination structures have changed considerably over time, the most fundamental change occurring during the Old High German period. Adopting the assumption that Early Old High German is an (asymmetric) null-subject language, I argue that in this time, Subject Gap Coordination-structures are simply coordinated main clauses and that the null subject is not licensed by the coordinate status of the conjuncts, but by the agreement-features of the finite verb in the C-head. From the Late Old High German period on, referential subject-pronouns become obligatory in all finite clauses, and at the same time, Subject Gap Coordination-structures without an antecedent for the subject gap in the first conjunct and with Verb-Second-order in the second conjunct disappear. This indicates that the omission of the subject pronoun in the second conjunct is now licensed by the coordinate status of the conjuncts in combination with the presence of an antecedent in the first conjunct and that the position of the subject gap has shifted from the middle field to the prefield. However, Middle High German and Early New High German Subject Gap Coordination-structures still differ from their Modern Standard German counterparts in that the subject gap and its antecedent do not yet have to share the same phi-features.
description: Journal of Historical Syntax, Vol 5 No 16-25 (2021): Proceedings of the 21st Diachronic Generative Syntax (DiGS) Conference
Commentary : Causes and consequences of gentrification and the future of equitable development policy
Creators: name: Hyra, Derek
Publisher: name: Cityscape: A Journal of Policy Development and Research
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 4404
subject: Development studies
classificationCode: 4407
subject: Policy and administration

description: In American cities, gentrification—that is, an influx of upper-income people to low-income areas— became much more pervasive in the 2000s compared with the 1990s (Freeman and Cai, 2015; Maciag, 2015; Owens, 2012). This article critiques and adds to this timely Cityscape symposium on the causes, consequences, and needed policy responses associated with the contemporary community change wave sweeping across much of urban America. I argue that gentrification’s causes and consequences are complex and multilayered. I conclude with a few remaining research puzzles and policy proscriptions to facilitate equitable gentrification, ensuring low- and moderate-income people receive maximum benefit from the revitalization of their neighborhoods.
A stable approach to the equivariant Hopf theorem
Creators: name: Szymik, Markus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let G be a finite group. For semi-free G-manifolds which are oriented in the sense of Waner, the homotopy classes of G-equivariant maps into a G-sphere are described in terms of their degrees, and the degrees occurring are characterized in terms of congruences. This is first shown to be a stable problem and then solved using methods of equivariant stable homotopy theory with respect to a semi-free G-universe.
description: 20 pages
Commentary : Causes and consequences of gentrification and the future of equitable development policy
Creators: name: Hyra, Derek
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: In American cities, gentrification—that is, an influx of upper-income people to low-income areas— became much more pervasive in the 2000s compared with the 1990s (Freeman and Cai, 2015; Maciag, 2015; Owens, 2012). This article critiques and adds to this timely Cityscape symposium on the causes, consequences, and needed policy responses associated with the contemporary community change wave sweeping across much of urban America. I argue that gentrification’s causes and consequences are complex and multilayered. I conclude with a few remaining research puzzles and policy proscriptions to facilitate equitable gentrification, ensuring low- and moderate-income people receive maximum benefit from the revitalization of their neighborhoods.
The quantum Ising chain with a generalized defect
Creators: name: Grimm, Uwe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The finite-size scaling properties of the quantum Ising chain with different types of generalized defects are studied. These not only mean an alteration of the coupling constant as previously examined, but an additional arbitrary transformation in the algebra of observables at one site of the chain. One can distinguish between two classes of generalized defects: those which do not affect the finite-size integrability of the Ising chain, and on the other hand those that destroy this property. In this context, finite-size integrability is always understood as a synonym for the possibility to write the Hamiltonian of the finite chain as a bilinear expression in fermionic operators by means of a Jordan-Wigner transformation. Concerning the first type of defect, an exact solution for the scaling spectrum is obtained for the most universal defect that preserves the global Z_2 symmetry of the chain. It is shown that in the continuum limit this yields the same result as for one properly chosen `ordinary' defect, that is changing the coupling constant only, and thus the finite-size scaling spectra can be described by irreps of a shifted u(1) Kac-Moody algebra. The other type of defect is examined by means of numerical finite-size calculations. In contrast to the first case, these suggest a non-continuous dependence of the scaling dimensions on the defect parameters. A conjecture for the operator content involving only one primary field of a Virasoro algebra with central charge c=1/2 is given.
description: 20 pages, old preprint from the pre-arXiv (but not pre-LaTeX) era, made available electronically because it may still be of interest
He then said...: (Understudied) deviations from V2 in Early Germanic
Creators: name: Catasso, Nicholas
name: Coniglio, Marco
name: De Bastiani, Chiara
name: Fuß, Eric
Publisher: name: Journal of Historical Syntax
Year: 2021

description: This paper discusses a V3-pattern in Early Germanic that has so far not been considered independently. In this construction, a clause-initial XP is followed by the adverbial element OHG do/OE þa/OS tho (lit. ‘then’), which is directly followed by the finite verb. Based on a pilot study of the OHG translation of Tatian’s gospel harmony and the OE Blickling Homilies, it is shown that the pattern exhibits slightly different properties in OE and OHG. In OHG, the element preceding do is usually a pronominal shifting topic, while in OE, the clause-initial XP may also be a full DP that is either a shifting topic or a continuing topic. To account for these differences between OE and OHG, we argue that OE þa is first-merged as the head of a clause-medial projection that serves to mark the boundary between the topic and the focus domain. In contrast, OHG do (and OS tho) is a topic marker that is either part of the fronted shifting topic, or base-generated as a head in the left clausal periphery. As to its internal syntax, we propose a grammaticalization path for do/þa/tho in which a demonstrative adverb first turns into an adverbial discourse marker that may also serve expletive functions before it eventually grammaticalizes into the topic particle addressed in this paper.
description: Journal of Historical Syntax, Vol 5 No 16-25 (2021): Proceedings of the 21st Diachronic Generative Syntax (DiGS) Conference