cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Asylum accommodation governance in Scotland: Key findings and recommendations
Creators: name: Meer, Nasar
name: Peace, Timothy
name: Hill, Emma
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: migration, governance, refugees, asylum seekers, migrants, integration

description: In Scotland, as in the rest of the UK, there exists a two-tier system for the accommodation of displaced migrants: those who are accommodated as part of the Dispersal Scheme, and those who are part of the Vulnerable Person Resettlement Scheme (VPRS). The accommodation provision available through the Dispersal Scheme has created competing and complex governance interests. This is exacerbated where the devolved settlement interacts with reserved welfare restrictions and immigration rules. In the Dispersal model of asylum accommodation, periods of transition or change place asylum seekers in vulnerable positions. This is due not only to operational or planning issues, but also to inconsistences found in the Dispersal governance model as a whole. GLIMER draws on rigorous, qualitative research with stakeholders in Scotland to (1) compare accommodation governance approaches of Dispersal and the VPRS, (2) chart how their approaches impact displaced people’s accommodation experiences, and (3) assess the capacity of local and devolved stakeholders to shape, adapt or intervene in issues related to housing. 1 It finds that prevailing Dispersal governance models (1) create systemic complexity that adversely effects asylum accommodation provision, (2) simultaneously pressurise and disenfranchise service providers at local level, and (3) create hierarchies of engagement and representation that inhibits successful multilevel governance. In contrast, the increased autonomy of local government allowed by the VPRS has resulted in a balance between the provision of shelter for refugees and community planning needs. In order to ensure a more successful integration of displaced persons, asylum accommodation arrangements should therefore move towards the model offered to refugees through the resettlement pathway
Consistency of regularization for scalar fields
Creators: name: Pickrell, Doug
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In two dimensional constructive quantum field theory for scalar fields, it is necessary to regularize both the action and the total (Gaussian) volume. In this note we consider the compatibility of these regularizations.
description: 7 pages
Additional file 2 of Barriers and strategies to successful tuberculosis treatment in a high-burden tuberculosis setting: a qualitative study from the patient’s perspective
Creators: name: Pradipta, Ivan S.
name: Idrus, Lusiana R.
name: Probandari, Ari
name: Lestari, Bony W.
name: Diantini, Ajeng
name: Alffenaar, Jan-Willem C.
name: Hak, Eelko
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2.
Additional file 1 of Barriers and strategies to successful tuberculosis treatment in a high-burden tuberculosis setting: a qualitative study from the patient’s perspective
Creators: name: Pradipta, Ivan S.
name: Idrus, Lusiana R.
name: Probandari, Ari
name: Lestari, Bony W.
name: Diantini, Ajeng
name: Alffenaar, Jan-Willem C.
name: Hak, Eelko
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1.
Field localization on a brane intersection in anti-de Sitter spacetime
Creators: name: Flachi, Antonino
name: Minamitsuji, Masato
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the localization of scalar, fermion, and gauge field zero modes on a $3-$brane that resides at the intersection of two $4-$branes in six-dimensional anti-de Sitter space. This set-up has been introduced in the context of brane world models and, higher-dimensional versions of it, in string theory. In both six- and ten-dimensional cases, it has been shown that four-dimensional gravity can be reproduced at the intersection, due to the existence of a massless, localized graviton zero-mode. However, realistic scenarios require also the Standard Model to be localized on the $3-$brane. In this paper, we discuss under which conditions a higher-dimensional field theory, propagating on the above geometry, can have a zero-mode sector localized at the intersection and find that zero modes can be localized only if masses and couplings to the background curvature satisfy certain relations. We also consider the case when other 4-branes cut the bulk at some distance from the intersection and argue that, in the probe brane approximation, there is no significant effect on the localization properties at the $3-$brane. The case of bulk fermions is particularly interesting, since the properties of the geometry allow localization of chiral modes independently.
description: 13 pages, 3 figures, the version to be published in PRD
Measuring the anti-quark contribution to the proton spin using parity violating W production in polarized proton proton collisions
Creators: name: Gal, Ciprian
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: rhic
phenix
proton
asymmetry
polarization
fragmentation
fvtx
spin
p+p
central arm

description: The W+→e+ measurement present in this work has been performed with the PHENIX central arm detectors at √s = 510GeV at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). The measurement in this thesis has obtained for the first time a confirmation of large parity violating asymmetries at a level of 2.8σ and 1.8σ away from 0 for the W+ and W− respectively.
title: 2018 CEO Activism Survey
Creators: name: Larcker, David F.
name: Tayan, Brian
Publisher: name: Corporate Governance Research Initiative
Year: 2018

description: In summer and fall 2018, the Stanford Rock Center for Corporate Governance at Stanford University conducted a nationwide survey of 3,544 individuals — representative by gender, race, age, household income, and state residence — to understand how the American public views CEOs who take public positions on environmental, social, and political issues.
Cross-validation: what does it estimate and how well does it do it?
Creators: name: Bates, Stephen
name: Hastie, Trevor
name: Tibshirani, Robert
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Plant Biology

description: Cross-validation is a widely-used technique to estimate prediction error, but its behavior is complex and not fully understood. Ideally, one would like to think that cross-validation estimates the prediction error for the model at hand, fit to the training data. We prove that this is not the case for the linear model fit by ordinary least squares; rather it estimates the average prediction error of models fit on other unseen training sets drawn from the same population. We further show that this phenomenon occurs for most popular estimates of prediction error, including data splitting, bootstrapping, and Mallow’s Cp . Next, the standard confidence intervals for prediction error derived from cross-validation may have coverage far below the desired level. Because each data point is used for both training and testing, there are correlations among the measured accuracies for each fold, and so the usual estimate of variance is too small. We introduce a nested cross-validation scheme to estimate this variance more accurately, and show empirically that this modification leads to intervals with approximately correct coverage in many examples where traditional cross-validation intervals fail. Lastly, our analysis also shows that when producing confidence intervals for prediction accuracy with simple data splitting, one should not re-fit the model on the combined data, since this invalidates the confidence intervals.
On the asymptotic behaviour of the eigenvalues of a Robin problem
Creators: name: Daners, Daniel
name: Kennedy, James B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35P15, 35B40, 35J05

description: We prove that every eigenvalue of a Robin problem with boundary parameter $α$ on a sufficiently smooth domain behaves asymptotically like $-α^2$ as $α\to \infty$. This generalises an existing result for the first eigenvalue.
Additional file 1 of Long-term participation in community-based group resistance exercises delays the transition from robustness to frailty in older adults: a retrospective cohort study
Creators: name: Hayashi, Chisato
name: Toyoda, Hiromitsu
name: Ogata, Soshiro
name: Okano, Tadashi
name: Mashino, Sonoe
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Appendix Table 1. Estimated marginal means (95%CI)1 of KCL2 score obtained by linear mixed models at each age.
The hard state of black hole candidates: XTE J1752-223
Creators: name: Muñoz-Darias, T.
name: Motta, S.
name: Pawar, D.
name: Belloni, T. M.
name: Campana, S.
name: Bhattacharya, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a two-day long RXTE observation and simultaneous Swift data of the bright X-ray transient XTE J1752-223. Spectral and timing properties were stable during the observation. The energy spectrum is well described by a broken power-law with a high energy cut-off. A cold disc (~ 0.3 keV) is observed when Swift/XRT data are considered. The fractional rms amplitude of the aperiodic variability (0.002-128 Hz) is 48.2 +- 0.1% and it is not energy dependent. The continuum of the power density spectrum can be fitted by using four broad-band Lorentzians. A high frequency (~ 21 Hz) component and two weak QPO-like features are also present. Time-lags between soft and hard X-rays roughly follow the relation time-lag~vnu^ {-0.7}, with delays dropping from ~ 0.5 (0.003 Hz) to ~ 0.0015 (>10 Hz) seconds. Our results are consistent with XTE J1752-223 being a black-hole candidate, with all timing and spectral components very similar to those of Cyg X-1 during its canonical hard state.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS letters. 5 pages, 4 figures and 2 tables
Many-body position operator in lattice fermionic systems with periodic boundary conditions
Creators: name: Hetenyi, Balazs
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A total position operator $X$ in the position representation is derived for lattice fermionic systems with periodic boundary conditions. The operator is shown to be Hermitian, the generator of translations in momentum space, and its time derivative is shown to correspond to the total current operator in a periodic system. The operator is such that its moments can be calculated up to any order. To demonstrate its utility finite size scaling is applied to the Brinkman-Rice transition as well as metallic and insulating Gutzwiller wavefunctions.
description: to appear in Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and General (reference will be added later)
title: The Evolution of Corporate Governance: 2018 Study of Inception to IPO
Creators: name: Larcker, David F.
name: Tayan, Brian
Publisher: name: Corporate Governance Research Initiative
Year: 2018

description: In summer and fall 2018, the Stanford Rock Center for Corporate Governance at Stanford University surveyed 53 founders and CEOs of 47 companies that completed an Initial Public Offering in the U.S. between 2010 and 2018 to understand how corporate governance practices evolve from startup through IPO.
Additional file 1 of Trench and drilling investigation of the Median Tectonic Line in Shikoku, southwest Japan: implications for fault geometry
Creators: name: Miyawaki, Masahiro
name: Sakaguchi, Arito
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Additional file 1: A file containing three supplemental figures: Figures S1, S2, S3, S4, and S5.
Phase Diagram of Magnetization Reversal Processes in Nanorings
Creators: name: Zhang, Wen
name: Haas, Stephan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate magnetization reversal processes of magnetic nanorings. Using a recently developed efficient cartesian coordinates fast multipole method, magnetization switching phase diagrams are constructed for such structures. We find that the dominant switching mechanisms strongly depend on the relative spatial dimensions of the rings, i.e. height, width and radius. Furthermore, they are found to depend on a characteristic exchange length scale, which is determined by the competing short-range ferromagnetic and long-range dipolar interactions in these systems. Detailed simulations allow us to identify three novel switching mechanisms, which should be useful for building high density storage systems.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures
Additional file 1 of Health care providers’ perceptions of barriers to perinatal mental healthcare in South Africa
Creators: name: Brown, Shelley
name: Sprague, Courtenay
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table A: Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research.
Face masks during exercise : investigating sex differences in the multidimensional components of dyspnea
Creators: name: Flynn, Morgan Raven
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2023

description: Introduction: Despite consistent evidence that face masks (FM) increase dyspnea (i.e., breathlessness), very few studies have examined whether dyspnea and other physiological responses to FMs during exercise differ on the basis of sex. Accordingly, the purpose of this study was to evaluate sex differences in the multidimensional components of dyspnea, exercise performance and other physiological responses when wearing a FM during a maximal incremental exercise in healthy young males and females. Methods: In a randomized cross-over design, thirty-two healthy individuals (n=16 females, 23 ± 3 years) completed two testing sessions separated by ≥48 h. Each visit included a maximal incremental cycling test where visits 1 & 2 were randomized to either FM or control condition. Dyspnea intensity and unpleasantness were assessed using the modified 0-10 category-ratio (CR) Borg scale and the Multidimensional Dyspnea Profile was administered immediately following exercise. Diaphragmatic electromyography (EMGdi), esophageal pressure swings (Peso), and transdiaphragmatic pressure swings (Pdi) were measured via a specialized catheter to estimate neural respiratory drive and respiratory muscle pressures, respectively. Heat perception was measured using the Frank Comfort scale and a skin probe was used to measure facial temperature. Results: There were no differences in exercise duration between FM and control in males (20.3±4.3 vs. 20.9±4.2 min, p=0.13) whereas there was a significant reduction in females (13.2±3.5 vs. 13.8±3.3 min, p=0.006). At peak exercise, males exhibited significantly higher ratings of dyspnea unpleasantness and Peso in the FM condition with an increase of 2.1 Borg 0-10 units (95% CI [0.6, 3.6], p=0.01) and 4.3 cmH₂O (95% CI [0.6, 8.1], p=0.001), respectively. Both sexes experienced significantly higher facial temperatures at specified submaximal work rates (all p<0.05). Adding a FM led to higher ratings of heat perception in females, and these ratings exhibited a greater increase as the work rate intensified at 75W (Estimate=1.88, 95% CI [0.65, 3.10], t(357)=3.01, p=0.003) and at 100W (Estimate=1.83, 95% CI [0.60, 3.06], t(357)=2.93, p=0.004). Conclusions: This study highlights that FMs can have differing effects on males and females during exercise, which may have implications when individuals partake in physical activity during public health FM mandates.
“Keeping It Real”: A Brief Primer on the Law of Art Authenticity
Creators: name: Cahill, John R.
Publisher: name: The Columbia Journal of Law & the Arts
Year: 2012

description: From old masters to contemporary art, questions of authenticity arise as scholarship changes and new methods for producing art force us to question what it means to say that a work of art is “authentic.” Is the painting “by” Leonardo? What makes a work produced in multiples “a Warhol”? What of “ready made” works like Duchamp’s famous urinal or Flavin’s more recent light sculptures? Artists, philosophers and even attorneys have wrestled with issues of authenticity for ages. Their varying responses include the following: When I am finishing a picture, I hold some God-made object up to it-a rock, a flower, the branch of a tree in my hand-as a kind offinal test. If the painting stands up beside a thing that man cannot make, the painting is authentic. If there is a clash between the two, it is bad art. Art begins with craft, and there is no art until craft has been mastered. You can’t create unless you’re willing to subordinate the creative impulse to the constriction of a form. But the learning of a craft takes time, and we all think we’re entitled to short cuts. Art is not a handicraft, it is the transmission of a feeling that the artist has experienced. In my own version of the idea of “what art wants, ” the end and fulfillment of the history of art is the philosophical understanding of what art is, an understanding that is achieved in the way that understanding in each of our lives is achieved, namely, from the mistakes we make, the false paths we follow, the false images we have come to abandon until we learn wherein our limits consist, and then how to live within those limits. We value great art most fundamentally not because the art as product enhances our lives but because it embodies a performance, a rising to artistic challenge. The object-the work of art-is wonderful because it is the upshot of a wonderful performance; it would not be as wonderfid if it were a mechanical replica or if it had been created by some freakish accident. This Paper, however, is not concerned with such profound matters. It addresses instead the practical issue of what it means for an artwork to be authentic as a matter of law and legal practice. The stakes can nonetheless be high as an artwork’s value can increase or decrease exponentially based on a change in attribution.
description: The Columbia Journal of Law & the Arts, Vol. 35 No. 3 (2012)
Additional file 1 of Co-structure analysis and genetic associations reveal insights into pinworms (Trypanoxyuris) and primates (Alouatta palliata) microevolutionary dynamics
Creators: name: Solórzano-García, Brenda
name: Vázquez-Domínguez, Ella
name: Pérez-Ponce de León, Gerardo
name: Piñero, Daniel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology

description: Additional file 1. Additional Tables S1-S5 and Figures S1–S4.
Electromagnetically Induced Transparency and Light Storage in an Atomic Mott Insulator
Creators: name: Schnorrberger, U.
name: Thompson, J. D.
name: Trotzky, S.
name: Pugatch, R.
name: Davidson, N.
name: Kuhr, S.
name: Bloch, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We experimentally demonstrate electromagnetically induced transparency and light storage with ultracold 87Rb atoms in a Mott insulating state in a three dimensional optical lattice. We have observed light storage times of about 240 ms, to our knowledge the longest ever achieved in ultracold atomic samples. Using the differential light shift caused by a spatially inhomogeneous far detuned light field we imprint a "phase gradient" across the atomic sample, resulting in controlled angular redirection of the retrieved light pulse.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Additional file 4 of Plasma leakage in dengue: a systematic review of prospective observational studies
Creators: name: Rodrigo, Chaturaka
name: Sigera, Chathurani
name: Fernando, Deepika
name: Rajapakse, Senaka
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases

description: Additional file 4: Table S1. Search strategy and results. Table S2. Subgroup analysis of plasma leakage and dengue haemorrhagic fever (DHF) frequency.
Coarse-grained simulations of flow-induced nucleation in semi-crystalline polymers
Creators: name: Graham, Richard S.
name: Olmsted, Peter D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform kinetic Monte Carlo simulations of flow-induced nucleation in polymer melts with an algorithm that is tractable even at low undercooling. The configuration of the non-crystallized chains under flow is computed with a recent non-linear tube model. Our simulations predict both enhanced nucleation and the growth of shish-like elongated nuclei for sufficiently fast flows. The simulations predict several experimental phenomena and theoretically justify a previously empirical result for the flow-enhanced nucleation rate. The simulations are highly pertinent to both the fundamental understanding and process modeling of flow-induced crystallization in polymer melts.
description: 17 pages, 6 eps figures
Additional file 3 of Plasma leakage in dengue: a systematic review of prospective observational studies
Creators: name: Rodrigo, Chaturaka
name: Sigera, Chathurani
name: Fernando, Deepika
name: Rajapakse, Senaka
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases

description: Additional file 3. PRISMA checklist for a systematic review.
Getting Real: Cultural, Aesthetic and Legal Perspectives on the Meaning on Authenticity of Art Works
Creators: name: Gerstenblith, Patty
Publisher: name: The Columbia Journal of Law & the Arts
Year: 2012

description: “Authenticity seems to be the value of the moment, rolling off the tongues of politicians, celebrities, Web gurus, college admissions advisers, reality television stars.” While this comment was written in relation to the attempts of media personalities, celebrities and politicians to present an “authentic” image of themselves to the world, authenticity has been valued in the art world for far longer than in the media world. And, while there are many aspects to how an individual presents his or her “authentic” self, so there are many ways of understanding what authenticity means in the art world. The art market is rife with problems of authenticity, ranging from outright, deliberate forgeries to discoveries concerning authenticity made years after a sale and honest uncertainty about proper attribution. While the consequences and detectability of these different types of inauthenticity vary, they constitute serious impediments to the proper functioning of the art market. More importantly, however, they all contribute to distortion and corruption of the historical, art historical and cultural record of our past.
description: The Columbia Journal of Law & the Arts, Vol. 35 No. 3 (2012)
Leontopolis: Kaiserstadt ohne Bischof?
Creators: name: Pilhofer, Philipp
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Isaura
subject: Bidana
subject: bishopric
subject: Konon
subject: Zeno
subject: historical geography
subject: 230 Christentum
subject: 930 Geschichte des Altertums bis ca. 499
subject: 870 Lateinische Literatur und Literaturen verwandter italischer Sprachen

description: The city of Leontopolis in Isauria first appears in the sources towards the end of the 5th century, more precisely: in a legal text of the later Codex Iustinianus. In general, the surviving information is very sparse. In this essay, the source material is reviewed, in particular the mentioned law and the Martyrdom of Konon of Bidana. On this basis, a date of foundation is suggested, a new localisation of the city is established and the question of its own episcopal see is pursued.
GL/PSYC 4240 Final Project OSF page — Ghalia El Hayawan , Johnna-Vae Delahaye, Julien Quickstad
Creators: name: Jhonna-Vae Delahaye
name: Quickstad, Julien
name: Musa, Lina
name: Hayawan, Ghalia El
Publisher: name: OSF Registries
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Social Psychology
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Comparative Psychology

description: A comparative assessment of the Social Anxiety Online Scale (SAOS) between healthy controls (HC) and individuals diagnosed with social anxiety disorder (SAD).
What the Digital Millennium Copyright Act Can Learn from Medical Marijuana
Creators: name: Agento, Zoe
Publisher: name: The Columbia Journal of Law & the Arts
Year: 2012

description: This paper addresses the contradiction posed by a law that expressly allows decrypting a DVD to make certain types of fair uses while also banning the software necessary for decryption. Section 1201 of the Digital Millennium Copyright Act allows users to circumvent the digital locks protecting copyrighted works in some circumstances, but prohibits manufacturing and distributing the tools required to do so in all circumstances. In effect, § 1201 grants rights while banning the means necessary to take advantage of those rights. Circumvention tools are indeed capable of causing harm-by unlocking digital works for the purpose of infringement. But circumvention tools are also necessary for valuable uses-making digitally locked works available for purposes of free speech, research, education and privacy. In essence, regulating circumvention tools is the problem of regulating a tool with both fair and foul uses. This is not a new problem. As in legal regulations of similarly dual purpose tools, from medical marijuana to locksmith tools, liability for manufacturing and distributing circumvention tools should be based on the likelihood that such activity actually leads to harm. The example of medical marijuana illustrates how legislative reform allowing limited access would be superior to the current comprehensive ban. Finally, given the improbability of immediate legislative reform, the author proposes a short term, partial solution in the form of a judicial reinterpretation of § 1201.
description: The Columbia Journal of Law & the Arts, Vol. 35 No. 4 (2012)
Path integral analysis of Jarzynski's equality: Analytical results
Creators: name: Minh, David D. L.
name: Adib, Artur B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply path integrals to study nonequilibrium work theorems in the context of Brownian dynamics, deriving in particular the equations of motion governing the most typical and most dominant trajectories. For the analytically soluble cases of a moving harmonic potential and a harmonic oscillator with time-dependent natural frequency, we find such trajectories, evaluate the work-weighted propagators, and validate Jarzynski's equality.
description: 10 pages, 1 figure
title: Stakeholders Take Center Stage: Director Views on Priorities and Society 2019
Creators: name: Larcker, David F.
name: Tayan, Brian
name: Schindlinger, Dottie
name: Kors, Anne
Publisher: name: Corporate Governance Research Initiative
Year: 2019

description: New research from the Rock Center for Corporate Governance at Stanford University and the Diligent Institute finds that corporate directors are not as shareholder-centric as commonly believed and that companies do not put the needs of shareholders significantly above the needs of their employees or society at large. Instead, directors pay considerable attention to important stakeholders — particularly their workforce — and take the interests of these groups into account as part of their long-term business planning. While directors are largely satisfied with their ESG-related efforts, they do not believe the outside world understands or appreciates the work they do. Directors recognize that tensions exist between shareholder and stakeholder interests. That said, most believe their companies successfully balance this tension. In general, directors reject the view that their companies have a short-term investment horizon in running their businesses. In the summer of 2019, the Diligent Institute and the Rock Center for Corporate Governance at Stanford University surveyed nearly 200 directors of public and private corporations globally to better understand how they balance shareholder and stakeholder needs.
Additional file 2 of Molecular signatures of Janthinobacterium lividum from Trinidad support high potential for crude oil metabolism
Creators: name: Ramdass, Amanda C.
name: Rampersad, Sephra N.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2: Table S1. List of reference sequences and GenBank accession numbers used in phylogenetic analyses of 16S rRNA gene region. Table S2. List of reference protein sequences and GenBank and UniProt accession numbers used in VioA protein tree. Table S3. List of reference protein sequences, GenBank and UniProt accession numbers used in construction of the EstA/B protein tree.
Systematic approach to statistics of conductance and shot-noise in chaotic cavities
Creators: name: Khoruzhenko, B. A.
name: Savin, D. V.
name: Sommers, H. -J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Applying random matrix theory to quantum transport in chaotic cavities, we develop a novel approach to computation of the moments of the conductance and shot-noise (including their joint moments) of arbitrary order and at any number of open channels. The method is based on the Selberg integral theory combined with the theory of symmetric functions and is applicable equally well for systems with and without time-reversal symmetry. We also compute higher-order cumulants and perform their detailed analysis. In particular, we establish an explicit form of the leading asymptotic of the cumulants in the limit of the large channel numbers. We derive further a general Pfaffian representation for the corresponding distribution functions. The Edgeworth expansion based on the first four cumulants is found to reproduce fairly accurately the distribution functions in the bulk even for a small number of channels. As the latter increases, the distributions become Gaussian-like in the bulk but are always characterized by a power-law dependence near their edges of support. Such asymptotics are determined exactly up to linear order in distances from the edges, including the corresponding constants.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures, 3 tables
Avalanche dynamics in fluid imbibition near the depinning transition
Creators: name: Pradas, Marc
name: López, Juan M.
name: Hernández-Machado, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study avalanche dynamics and local activity of forced-flow imbibition fronts in disordered media. We focus on the front dynamics as the mean velocity $\bar{v}$ of the interface is decreased and the pinning state is approached. Scaling arguments allow us to obtain the statistics of avalanche sizes and durations, which become power-law distributed due to the existence of a critical point at $\bar{v}= 0$. Results are compared with phase-field numerical simulations.
Additional file 1 of Plasma leakage in dengue: a systematic review of prospective observational studies
Creators: name: Rodrigo, Chaturaka
name: Sigera, Chathurani
name: Fernando, Deepika
name: Rajapakse, Senaka
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases

description: Additional file 1. Modified study quality assessment tool.
The (Im)possibility of “Standard Technical Measures” for UGC Websites
Creators: name: Gallo, Lauren G.
Publisher: name: The Columbia Journal of Law & the Arts
Year: 2011

description: In today’s highly litigious legal landscape, one might doubt that there could ever be an “open, fair, voluntary” agreement between copyright owners and service providers to police infringement.1 Congress nevertheless envisioned such a consensus when it developed § (i) of the Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA): “Conditions for [Safe Harbor] Eligibility.”2 An often-overlooked provision of the DMCA, § 512(i) directs right holders and Internet service providers to work together and agree on “standard technical measures” to “identify or protect copyrighted works.”3 In addition to being the product of consensus, these measures must be “available . . . on reasonable and nondiscriminatory terms” and also “not impose substantial costs . . . or substantial burdens.”4 Although ostensibly thorough, these guidelines are too imprecise and elusive to actually guide service providers and right holders toward a consensus; the term “standard technical measures” remains undefined and possibly undefinable more than a decade after passage.
description: The Columbia Journal of Law & the Arts, Vol. 34 No. 2 (2011)
Additional file 3 of A time-driven activity-based costing approach for identifying variability in costs of childbirth between and within types of delivery
Creators: name: Dubron, Kathia
name: Verschaeve, Mathilde
name: Roodhooft, Filip
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 3. Checklist STROBE guidelines.
The phase diagram of vortex matter in layered superconductors with tilted columnar pinning centers
Creators: name: Dasgupta, Chandan
name: Valls, Oriol T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the vortex matter phase diagram of a layered superconductor in the presence of columnar pinning defects, {\it tilted} with respect to the normal to the layers. We use numerical minimization of the free energy written as a functional of the time averaged vortex density of the Ramakrishnan-Yussouff form, supplemented by the appropriate pinning potential. We study the case where the pin density is smaller than the areal vortex density. At lower pin concentrations, we find, for temperatures of the order of the melting temperature of the unpinned lattice, a Bose glass type phase which at lower temperatures converts, via a first order transition, to a Bragg glass, while, at higher temperatures, it crosses over to an interstitial liquid. At somewhat higher concentrations, no transition to a Bragg glass is found even at the lowest temperatures studied. While qualitatively the behavior we find is similar to that obtained using the same procedures for columnar pins normal to the layers, there are important and observable quantitative differences, which we discuss.
description: 12 pages, including figures
Lex Luthor Wins: How the Termination Right Threatens to Tear the Man of Steal in Two
Creators: name: Cheng, Anthony
Publisher: name: The Columbia Journal of Law & the Arts
Year: 2011

description: When Superman was created in 1938, there had never been a character quite like him.1 His arrival marked the first appearance of a superhero, setting off a trend that would come to dominate the comic book medium, one of the few distinctly American art forms, for the next seven decades.2 As befitting his larger than life adventures, the fictional character Superman spread across all communicative media, from the comic page to the radio serial, animation, live action television and motion pictures.3
description: The Columbia Journal of Law & the Arts, Vol. 34 No. 2 (2011)
Vestige of the Star Cluster Burst in M51
Creators: name: Hwang, Narae
name: Lee, Myung Gyoon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a study of the star cluster formation in M51 based on the image data taken with Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS) and Wide Field Planetary Camera 2 (WFPC2) of Hubble Space Telescope (HST). We have derived the star cluster formation rate using the ages and masses of about 2,000 star clusters estimated by comparing photometric data (F336W, F435W, F555W, and F814W) with theoretical population synthesis models. The star cluster formation rate increased significantly during the period of 100 ~ 250 Myr ago. This period roughly coincides with the epoch of dynamical encounters of two galaxies, NGC 5194 and NGC 5195, expected by theoretical models. The age distribution of the star clusters also shows two peaks at about 100 Myr and 250 Myr ago. The star cluster mass ranges from 10^3 to 10^6 M_{\odot} and the mass function can be represented by a power law with an index ranging from α= -2.23 \pm 0.34 for t<10 Myr to α= -1.37 \pm 0.11 for t>100 Myr. The mass function of star clusters older than 10 Myr also appears to display the steepest distribution with α\approx -1.50 at around 200 Myr ago, near the expected epoch of the galaxy interaction. We also confirm the correlations of cluster size increasing with cluster mass (with a best fit slope of 0.16 \pm 0.02), and with cluster age (0.14 \pm 0.03).
description: 12 pages, 12 figures in emulateapj format, accepted for publication in Astrophysical Journal
Typhlops Kraussii (?) Jan.
Creators: name: Müller, F
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1885
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Squamata
Coleoptera
Typhlopidae
Typhlops

description: Typhlops (Ophthalmidion) Kraussii (?) Jan.
Goldküste v. H. Dr. Mähly. [5]
description: Published as part of Müller, F, 1885, Vierter Nachtrag zum Katalogder herpetologischen Sammlung des Basler Museums, pp. 668-717 in Verhandlungen der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Basel. 7 (3) on page 674, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.part.2388, http://zenodo.org/record/15183591
title: 2016 Survey: Board of Director Evaluation and Effectiveness
Creators: name: Larcker, David F.
name: Miles, Stephen A.
name: Griffin, Taylor
name: Tayan, Brian
Publisher: name: Corporate Governance Research Initiative
Year: 2016

description: In the summer of 2016, the Rock Center for Corporate Governance at Stanford University along with The Miles Groupopen in new window conducted a nationwide survey of 187 board directors of public and private companies. The study reveals that while boards generally rate themselves positively in terms of skills and expertise, significantly high negatives are a cause for concern for a large number of firms.
Additional file 2 of A time-driven activity-based costing approach for identifying variability in costs of childbirth between and within types of delivery
Creators: name: Dubron, Kathia
name: Verschaeve, Mathilde
name: Roodhooft, Filip
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2. Dutch survey (original version).
Overarching trends and recommendations in gendered dynamics of displaced migration: Key findings and recommendations
Creators: name: Meer, Nasar
name: Peace, Timothy
name: Hill, Emma
name: Angeli, Maria
name: Di Maio, Claudio
name: Loprieno, Donatella
name: Elia, Anna
name: Fedele, Valentina
name: Righard, Erica
name: Emilsson, Henrik
name: Gudrun Jensen, Tina
name: Villegas, Leslie
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: migration, governance, refugees, asylum seekers, migrants, integration

description: This policy brief will provide an overview of shared gender dynamics that affect asylum seekers and refugees in integration processes across the localities of Scania (Sweden), Cosenza and Catanzaro (Italy), Nicosia (Cyprus) and Glasgow (Scotland). Specifically, this brief will highlight the varying gender equality policy and governance structures that exist in these localities and how they interact with displaced migration mechanisms. Next, this brief will delve into gendered dynamics in key integration processes including accommodation, language education and labour market access. Lastly, while more context-specific recommendations are laid out in each country’s full report, select recommendations corresponding to each thematic section are signalled throughout the brief. GLIMER is informed by a combination of rigorous policy analysis, qualitative research with multi-party stakeholders and secondary analysis. This policy brief is reliant on policy documents, statistics and evaluations together with interviews with stakeholders from national, regional and local authorities, and the third sector in all four countries. In Sweden, GLIMER members worked across the region of Scania and the municipalities of Malmö and Eslöv, two municipalities in a close geographic distance and part of the Öresund region that connects Sweden to Denmark and continental Europe. In Italy, researchers worked in different locations covering the territory of Calabria, focusing on two main cities (Cosenza, Catanzaro), and on places with a high density of non-Italian residents (Lamezia Terme, Villa San Giovanni). In Cyprus, work consisted of ethnographic fieldwork and in-depth semi-structured interviews with stakeholders from devolved and local government, as well as the third sector. Lastly, in Scotland consortium members worked across several locations that included both the site of Dispersal (Glasgow) as well as areas involved in the Vulnerable Person’s Resettlement Scheme (VPRS). This policy brief does not represent an exhaustive depiction of each country’s findings. To access each country’s full report, please visit: http://www.glimer.eu/outputs/.
Quantification methods and applications of polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography
Creators: name: Zhou, Xin
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2023

description: Optical coherence tomography (OCT) provides non-invasive, three-dimensional imaging of biological tissues using back-scattered light. Since the invention of OCT technique, OCT has been shown as a powerful tool especially in the ﬁeld of ophthalmology. However, traditional OCT is still limited to the analysis of the apparent form on the image. With its applications nowadays extending to other types of tissues, e.g. cartilage, teeth, skin, bone, etc. merely morphological information is not sufficient for the demanding and complex research context. Therefore, development of functional OCT and exploring its utilization in these different application areas is important. Since the necessity of functional extension of OCT technique got more attention, polarization-sensitive OCT (PS-OCT) has been developed for birefringence and partial-depolarization measurements, and has been widely utilized for different types of tissue imaging for clinical and pathological research purposes. With Jones-matrix-based detection, PS-OCT is capable of measuring the polarization properties of biological tissue with multiple contrast images representing different polarization properties of bio-tissues. In this dissertation, a PS-OCT system and its data analysis approaches are developed for applications on different types of biological tissues. An algorithm based on the slope of phase retardation image is developed to study the depth-dependent structural zones in bio-tissue. The algorithm is applied on articular cartilage to differentiate the structural zones, which is further validated by histology and multiphoton microscope images. This approach is also applied to a laryngeal tumor model and quantifies the birefringence in different layers and provides a detailed comparison among the different stages of laryngeal tumor. When applying the slope-based approach on human cartilage samples with osteoarthritis, more specific algorithms are developed to fit the need in the dynamic complexity of the disease progression. Furthermore, a deep learning study is conducted as a trial on human cartilage samples. As another application, PS-OCT is also used to explore skin properties, especially its micro-roughness. The impact of micro-roughness and surface irregularity of skin is examined by the degree of polarization uniformity. Through this study, PS-OCT is shown to have great potential in several diﬀerent bio-medical applications.
İsnad
Creators: name: Şentürk, Recep
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2001
Subjects: İsnad
Tarik
Müsned
Amel

description: Sözlükte "dayamak, anlam yüklemek, anlam nisbet etmek" manasına gelen isnad, terkiplerle onların anlamlarını ve terkibi oluşturan unsurlar arasındaki karşılıklı ilişkiyi konu edinmesi sebebiyle mani ilminin temelini oluşturur. Klasik nahiv eserlerinde isnad ve isnad ileyh aynı manada kullanılmış ve ismin ayırt edici vasfı olarak zikredilmiştir: daha sonra ise sadece isnad denilmiştir. Meani ilminde isnad, müsnedle (yüklem) müsnedün ileyh (özne) arasındaki illiyet belirtmeyen yoruma dayalı anlam ilişkisini ifade eder. "İki kelime veya terkip arasında tam bir anlam bildiren ilişki" olarak da tanımlanan isnad, müsned ve müsnedün ileyh olmak üzere iki temel unsurdan oluşur. Bunlarla ilgili yan öğelere "kayıt" (müteallik) adı verilir.