cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Effects of Temperature and Water Soluble Fraction of Palm Biodiesel and Diesel Fuel on Hatchability and Survival of First Stage Larvae of Macrobrachium rosenbergii
Creators: name: Puncharas Gorcharoenwat
name: Somkiat Piyatiratitivorakul
name: Somchai Pengprecha
Publisher: name: Thai Society of Higher Education Institutes on Environment
Year: 2015
Subjects: toxicology,temperature,palm biodiesel,diesel,Macrobrachium rosenbergii

description: 1, 8, EnvironmentAsia
Longitudinal and transversal resonant tunneling of interacting bosons in a two-dimensional Josephson junction: Mean-field and many-body dynamics
Creators: name: Bhowmik, Anal
name: Alon, Ofir E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We unravel the out-of-equilibrium quantum dynamics of a few interacting bosonic clouds in a two-dimensional asymmetric double-well potential at the resonant tunneling scenario. At the single-particle level of resonant tunneling, particles tunnel under the barrier from, typically, the ground-state in the left well to an excited state in the right well, i.e., states of different shapes and properties are coupled when their one-particle energies coincide. In two spatial dimensions, two types of resonant tunneling processes are possible, to which we refer to as longitudinal and transversal resonant tunneling. Longitudinal resonant tunneling implies that the state in the right well is longitudinally-excited with respect to the state in the left well, whereas transversal resonant tunneling implies that the former is transversely-excited with respect to the latter. We show that interaction between bosons makes resonant tunneling phenomena in two spatial dimensions profoundly rich, and analyze these phenomena in terms of the loss of coherence of the junction and development of fragmentation, and coupling between transverse and longitudinal degrees-of-freedom and excitations. To this end, a detailed analysis of the tunneling dynamics is performed by exploring the time evolution of a few physical quantities, namely, the survival probability, occupation numbers of the reduced one-particle density matrix, and the many-particle position, momentum, and angular-momentum variances. In general, we display the impact of the transversal and longitudinal degrees-of-freedom in the many-boson tunneling dynamics at the resonant tunneling scenarios.
description: 38+19 pages and 17+14 figures
Altered Immune Response of the Rice Frog Fejervarya limnocharis Living in Agricultural Area with Intensive Herbicide Utilization at Nan Province, Thailand
Creators: name: Khattapan Jantawongsri
name: Panupong Thammachoti
name: Jirarach Kitana
name: Wichase Khonsue
name: Pakorn Varanusupakul
name: Noppadon Kitana
Publisher: name: Thai Society of Higher Education Institutes on Environment
Year: 2015
Subjects: agrochemicals,amphibian,liver,melanomacrophage,sentinel species

description: 1, 8, EnvironmentAsia
Learning through service : community service learning and situated learning in high school
Creators: name: Wolfson, Larry
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This dissertation explores the symbiotic relationship resulting from the merging of situated learning's socio-cultural conceptualization of the nature of learning with community service learning's ethos of service. As such, I enquired into the effects of the integration of situated learning as the conceptual framework, and community service learning as both an instructional methodology and educational philosophy. Specifically, through an ethnographic investigation I sought to discover the nature and outcomes of learning which result when high school students take their skills out of the classroom into the community to help solve authentic problems. The students with whom I worked were members of a high school computer technology class in which expectations were that they (the students) would combine learning with service by devoting ten to twenty hours to help a community agency solve technology-related problems. In this regard, eight different student groups applied their technology skills within a variety of school and community environments. Thereupon, I looked to ascertain not only if the students improved upon their already sufficient technical skills, but also what other abilities and knowledge of themselves and/or the world they appropriated. Thus, as per the defining features of situated learning and community service learning, I hoped to find evidence of learning in areas related to technological development, workplace knowledge and expertise, problem solving, group skills, personal and social maturity, and an ethos of service. Such learning occurred and, thus, I concluded that the integration of community service learning and situated learning in this technology classroom resulted in a symbiotic relationship in which the nature and specific outcomes of learning were 1) accounted for by situated learning and 2) enhanced beyond what would normally be expected in a non-service Information Technology Management classroom in the Province of British Columbia. Hence, the well documented and rigorously determined empirical findings: 1) argue that situated learning provides a viable theoretical framework for community service learning, 2) add empirical support to the learning claims of both situated learning and service learning, and 3) suggest a means of enabling education to become more responsive to the students and the community.
Automatic identification of fossils and abiotic grains during carbonate microfacies analysis using deep convolutional neural networks
Creators: name: Liu, Xiaokang
name: Song, Haijun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Petrographic analysis based on microfacies identification in thin sections is widely used in sedimentary environment interpretation and paleoecological reconstruction. Fossil recognition from microfacies is an essential procedure for petrographers to complete this task. Distinguishing the morphological and microstructural diversity of skeletal fragments requires extensive prior knowledge of fossil morphotypes in microfacies and long training sessions under the microscope. This requirement engenders certain challenges for sedimentologists and paleontologists, especially novices. However, a machine classifier can help address this challenge. In this study, we collected a microfacies image dataset comprising both public data from 1,149 references and our own materials (including 30,815 images of 22 fossil and abiotic grain groups). We employed a high-performance workstation to implement four classic deep convolutional neural networks (DCNNs), which have proven to be highly efficient in computer vision over the last several years. Our framework uses a transfer learning technique, which reuses the pre-trained parameters that are trained on a larger ImageNet dataset as initialization for the network to achieve high accuracy with low computing costs. We obtained up to 95% of the top one and 99% of the top three test accuracies in the Inception ResNet v2 architecture. The machine classifier exhibited 0.99 precision on minerals, such as dolomite and pyrite. Although it had some difficulty on samples having similar morphologies, such as the bivalve, brachiopod, and ostracod, it nevertheless obtained 0.88 precision. Our machine learning framework demonstrated high accuracy with reproducibility and bias avoidance that was comparable to those of human classifiers. Its application can thus eliminate much of the tedious, manually intensive efforts by human experts conducting routine identification.
description: This preprint has been accepted by Sedimentary Geology
Transrelativistic Synchrotron Emissivity, Cross-Section, and Polarization
Creators: name: Wolfe, Brandon
name: Melia, Fulvio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spectrum and polarization produced by particles spiraling in a magnetic field undergo dramatic changes as the emitters transition from nonrelativistic to relativistic energies. However, none of the currently available methods for calculating the characteristics of this radiation field are adequate for the purpose of sustaining accuracy and speed of computation in the intensity, and none even attempt to provide a means of determining the polarization fraction other than in the cyclotron or synchrotron limits. But the transrelativistic regime, which we here find to lie between $5\times 10^7$ K and $5\times 10^9$ K for a thermal plasma, is becoming increasingly important in high-energy astrophysical environments, such as in the intra-cluster medium, and in the accretion flows of supermassive black holes. In this paper, we present simple, yet highly accurate, fitting formulae for the magnetobremsstrahlung (also known as cyclo-synchrotron) emissivity, its polarization fraction (and content), and the absorption cross-section. We demonstrate that both the harmonic and high-energy limiting behavior are well represented, incurring at most an error of $\sim 5%$ throughout the transition region.
description: 22 pages, 11 figures
Energy Centroids in the presence of random interactions
Creators: name: Zhao, Y. M.
name: Arima, A.
name: Yoshida, N.
name: Ogawa, K.
name: Yoshinaga, N.
name: Kota, V. K. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we study energy centroids such as those with fixed spin and isospin, those with fixed irreducible representations for bosons, in the presence of random two-body and/or three-body interactions. Our results show that regularities of energy centroids of fixed spin states reported in earlier works are more robust than expected.
description: Physical Review C, in press
Concentration inequalities on the multislice and for sampling without replacement
Creators: name: Sambale, Holger
name: Sinulis, Arthur
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We present concentration inequalities on the multislice which are based on (modified) log-Sobolev inequalities. This includes bounds for convex functions and multilinear polynomials. As an application we show concentration results for the triangle count in the $G(n,M)$ Erdős--Rényi model resembling known bounds in the $G(n,p)$ case. Moreover, we give a proof of Talagrand's convex distance inequality for the multislice. Interpreting the multislice in a sampling without replacement context, we furthermore present concentration results for $n$ out of $N$ sampling without replacement. Based on a bounded difference inequality involving the finite-sampling correction factor $1- n/N$, we present an easy proof of Serfling's inequality with a slightly worse factor in the exponent, as well as a sub-Gaussian right tail for the Kolmogorov distance between the empirical measure and the true distribution of the sample.
Baryon and lepton numbers in two scenarios of leptogenesis
Creators: name: Kartavtsev, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Baryon and lepton numbers of the Universe in leptogenesis with Dirac neutrino and leptogenesis with Majorana neutrino scenarios are considered. It is shown that despite quite different features of Dirac and Majorana fermions both scenarios yield the same relation among the initial lepton and the final baryon asymmetries. Moreover right-handed neutrinos in the leptogenesis with Dirac neutrino scenario have very little impact on the effective number of relativistic degrees of freedom, constrained by BBN. Thus the two scenarios are similar from the cosmological point of view. It is also pointed out that in thermal equilibrium the 3B+L sum is zero for left-handed fermions.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures
Natively Periodic Fast Multipole Method: Approximating the Optimal Green Function
Creators: name: Gnedin, Nickolay Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Fast Multipole Method (FMM) obeys periodic boundary conditions "natively" if it uses a periodic Green function for computing the multipole expansion in the interaction zone of each FMM oct-tree node. One can define the "optimal" Green function for such a method that results in the numerical solution that converges to the equivalent Particle-Mesh solution in the limit of sufficiently high order of multipoles. A discrete functional equation for the optimal Green function can be derived, but is not practically useful as methods for its solution are not known. Instead, this paper presents an approximation for the optimal Green function that is accurate to better than 1e-3 in LMAX norm and 1e-4 in L2 norm for practically useful multipole counts. Such an approximately optimal Green function offers a practical way for implementing FMM with periodic boundary conditions "natively", without the need to compute lattice sums or to rely on hybrid FMM-PM approaches.
description: Accepted for publication by ApJ
Amazing grace(s): a qualitative study of lesbian helping professionals
Creators: name: Diane, Susan
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This feminist qualitative study was undertaken to explore the lived experience of lesbian helping professionals. The methodology consisted of life history interviews and a focus group with women who self-identified as lesbian and had education and work experience in nursing, teaching, social work and counseling. Networking sampling resulted in six white lesbian participants between the ages of 37 and 47. As part of claiming their lesbian identity these women asked to have their real names revealed. Stories of gender socialization indicate traditional family structures. Resistance to gender roles and qualities of independence/leadership are seen in girlhood along with remembering of early same-sex attraction. Limited career options for women are noted in teenage years as is a concern for social justice and a valuing of caring for others. Journeys towards lesbian awareness span the coming out ages of 18 to 38. Two women had been married and bore children within their heterosexual unions. Gender embodied experiences included pregnancy before marriage, abortion decision-making, acquaintance rape, and the isolation o f motherhood. Four women revealed feminism and therapy as the contexts for the recognition of their lesbian desires in adulthood. The intrapsychic processes surrounding lesbian-ness were labeled internal compartmentalization and the social separation and secrecy about lesbian idenity was termed external compartmentalization. Experiences of discrimination, harassment and other negative reactions were documented as well as stories of support. Ethics and boundaries were issues which concerned these lesbians, who in closeted times could not discuss their dilemmas openly. Some benefits of lesbian-ness in professional careers include using their identity to educate others about diversity, disrupting the stereotypes, and confronting discrimination. Implications for helping professional education include increased lesbians and allies among faculty committed to creating anti-heterosexist curricula. Lesbians are oppressed by sexism and heterosexism, so education is needed about the complexity of identity and the interlocking impact of multiple oppressions in capitalist patriarchal social structures. The Appendices contain an interactive educational tool called A Sociometry of Oppressions.
Virtual bending method to calculate bending rigidity, saddle-splay modulus, and spontaneous curvature of thin fluid membrane
Creators: name: Noguchi, Hiroshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A method to calculate the bending rigidity $κ$, saddle-splay modulus $\barκ$, and spontaneous curvature $C_0$ of a fluid membrane is proposed. Virtual work for the bending deformations into cylindrical and spherical shapes is calculated for a flat membrane. This method does not require a force decomposition, unlike the existing stress-profile method. The first derivative of the deformation gives $κC_0$ and is a discrete form of the first moment of the stress profile. The second derivatives give $κ$ and $\barκ$, and include the variance terms of the first derivatives, which are not accounted for in the stress-profile method. This method is examined for a solvent-free meshless membrane model and a dissipative-particle-dynamics two-bead amphiphilic molecular model. It is concluded that $κ$ and $\barκ$ of a thin membrane can be accurately calculated, whereas for a thick membrane or one with an explicit solvent, a further extension to include the volume-fluctuation effects is required for an accurate estimation. The amplitude of the volume-fluctuation effects can be evaluated using the parameter dependence in the present method.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures
Classical stability of a homogeneous, anisotropic inflating space-time
Creators: name: Dulaney, Timothy R.
name: Gresham, Moira I.
name: Wise, Mark B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the classical stability of an anisotropic space-time seeded by a spacelike, fixed norm, dynamical vector field in a vacuum-energy-dominated inflationary era. It serves as a model for breaking isotropy during the inflationary era. We find that, for a range of parameters, the linear differential equations for small perturbations about the background do not have a growing mode. We also examine the energy of fluctuations about this background in flat-space. If the kinetic terms for the vector field do not take the form of a field strength tensor squared then there is a negative energy mode and the background is unstable. For the case where the kinetic term is of the form of a field strength tensor squared we show that perturbations about the background have positive energy at lowest order.
description: 12 pages, no figures; references added, content in section V revised and some clarification made in text; minor typos corrected, v4 closely resembles version published in Phys. Rev. D; in v5 - incorrect argument in section V removed and one reference added
Crisis-Critical Intellectual Property: Findings from the COVID-19 Pandemic
Creators: name: Tietze, Frank
name: Vimalnath, Pratheeba
name: Aristodemou, Leonidas
name: Molloy, Jenny
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: econ.GN
physics.soc-ph
q-fin.EC

description: Crisis, pandemic, intellectual property, licensing, patent pledge, compulsory licensing, incumbents, new entrants, COVID-19
description: Within national and international innovation systems a pandemic calls for large-scale action by many actors across sectors, to mobilise resources, developing and manufacturing Crisis-Critical Products (CC-Products) efficiently and in the huge quantities needed. Nowadays, this also includes digital innovations from complex epidemiological models, AI, to open data platforms for prevention, diagnostic and treatment. Amongst the many challenges during a pandemic, innovation and manufacturing stakeholders find themselves engaged in new relationships, and are likely to face intellectual property (IP) related challenges. This paper adopts an IP perspective on the COVID-19 pandemic to identify pandemic related IP considerations and IP challenges. The focus is on challenges related to research, development and urgent upscaling of capacity to manufacture CC-Products in the huge volumes suddenly in demand. Its purpose is to provide a structure for steering clear of IP challenges to avoid delays in fighting a pandemic. We identify 4 stakeholder groups concerned with IP challenges: (i) governments, (ii) organisations owning existing Crisis-Critical IP, described as incumbents in Crisis-Critical Sectors (CC-Sectors), (iii) manufacturing firms from other sectors normally not producing CC-Products suddenly rushing into CC-Sectors to support the manufacturing of CC-Products (new entrants), and (iv) voluntary grassroot initiatives that are formed during a pandemic. This paper discusses IP challenges related to the development and manufacturing of technologies and products for (i) prevention (of spread), (ii) diagnosis of infected patients and (iii) the development of treatments. We offer an initial discussion of potential response measures to reduce IP associated risks among industrial stakeholders during a pandemic.
Single-particle steering and nonlocality: The consecutive Stern-Gerlach Experiments
Creators: name: Rodriguez, E Benitez
name: Martinez, E Piceno
name: Aguilar, L M Arevalo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum nonlocality and quantum steering are fundamental correlations of quantum systems which can not be created using classical resources only. Nonlocality describes the ability to influence the possible results of measurements carried out in distant systems, in quantum steering Alice remotely steers Bob's state. Research in nonlocality and steering possess a fundamental interest for the development of quantum information and in many applications requiring nonlocal resources like quantum key distribution. On the other hand, the Stern-Gerlach experiment holds an important place in the history, development and teaching of quantum mechanics and quantum information. In particular, the thought experiment of consecutive Stern-Gerlach Experiments is commonly used to exemplify the concept of non-commutativity between quantum operators. However, to the best of our knowledge, the consecutive Stern-Gerlach Experiments have not been treated in a fully quantum manner yet, and it is a widely accepted idea that atoms crossing consecutive Stern-Gerlach Experiments follow classical paths. Here we demonstrate that two consecutive Stern-Gerach Experiment generate nonlocality and steering, these nonlocal effects strongly modify our usual understanding of this experiment. Also, we discuss the implications of this result and its relation with the entanglement. This suggests the use of quantum correlations, of particles possessing mass, to generate nonlocal taks using this venerable experiment.
description: 14 pages, 5 figures. Corrections added
Query Chains: Learning to Rank from Implicit Feedback
Creators: name: Radlinski, Filip
name: Joachims, Thorsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: H.3.3

description: This paper presents a novel approach for using clickthrough data to learn ranked retrieval functions for web search results. We observe that users searching the web often perform a sequence, or chain, of queries with a similar information need. Using query chains, we generate new types of preference judgments from search engine logs, thus taking advantage of user intelligence in reformulating queries. To validate our method we perform a controlled user study comparing generated preference judgments to explicit relevance judgments. We also implemented a real-world search engine to test our approach, using a modified ranking SVM to learn an improved ranking function from preference data. Our results demonstrate significant improvements in the ranking given by the search engine. The learned rankings outperform both a static ranking function, as well as one trained without considering query chains.
description: 10 pages
Psilocybin Response 806189750
Creators: name: Chiruta, Victor
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 110319 Psychiatry (incl. Psychotherapy)
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 111799 Public Health and Health Services not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Psilocybin public submission for proposed amendments to the Poison Standards, November 2020 ACMS/ACCS meeting.
Maximum Dimension of Subspaces with No Product Basis
Creators: name: Yoshida, Yuuya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Primary 15A69, Secondary 81P16 15B48

description: Let $n\ge2$ and $d_1,\ldots,d_n\ge2$ be integers, and $\mathcal{F}$ be a field. A vector $u\in\mathcal{F}^{d_1}\otimes\cdots\otimes\mathcal{F}^{d_n}$ is called a product vector if $u=u^{[1]}\otimes\cdots\otimes u^{[n]}$ for some $u^{[1]}\in\mathcal{F}^{d_1},\ldots,u^{[n]}\in\mathcal{F}^{d_n}$. A basis composed of product vectors is called a product basis. In this paper, we show that the maximum dimension of subspaces of $\mathcal{F}^{d_1}\otimes\cdots\otimes\mathcal{F}^{d_n}$ with no product basis is equal to $d_1d_2\cdots d_n-2$ if either (i) $n=2$ or (ii) $n\ge3$ and $\#\mathcal{F}>\max\{d_i : i\not=n_1,n_2\}$ for some $n_1$ and $n_2$. When $\mathcal{F}=\mathbb{C}$, this result is related to the maximum number of simultaneously distinguishable states in general probabilistic theories (GPTs).
description: 14 pages
Saturation Physics and Deuteron--Gold Collisions at RHIC
Creators: name: Jalilian-Marian, Jamal
name: Kovchegov, Yuri V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a review of parton saturation/Color Glass Condensate physics in the context of deuteron-gold ($d+Au$) collisions at RHIC. Color Glass Condensate physics is a universal description of all high energy hadronic and nuclear interactions. It comprises classical (McLerran-Venugopalan model and Glauber-Mueller rescatterings) and quantum evolution (JIMWLK and BK equations) effects both in small-$x$ hadronic and nuclear wave functions and in the high energy scattering processes. Proton-nucleus (or $d+A$) collisions present a unique opportunity to study Color Glass Condensate predictions, since many relevant observables in proton-nucleus collisions are reasonably well-understood theoretically in the Color Glass Condensate approach. In this article we review the basics of saturation/Color Glass Condensate physics and reproduce derivations of many important observables in proton (deuteron)--nucleus collisions. We compare the predictions of Color Glass physics to the data generated by $d+Au$ experiments at RHIC and observe an agreement between the data and the theory, indicating that Color Glass Condensate has probably been discovered at RHIC. We point out further experimental measurements which need to be carried out to test the discovery.
description: 113 pages, 65 figures, minor changes, version accepted for publication in Progress in Particle and Nuclear Physics
An Observational Test of Holographic Inflation
Creators: name: Lidsey, James E.
name: Seery, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Observational consequences of inflationary cosmology in the holographic dual of the Randall-Sundrum type II braneworld scenario, as motivated by the AdS/CFT correspondence, are investigated. High energy corrections to the standard four-dimensional Friedmann equation induce a corresponding modification to the form of the single-field inflationary consistency equation based on Einstein gravity. The degree of departure from the standard expression is determined by the ratio, r, of the primordial tensor and scalar perturbation amplitudes and the coefficient, c, of the conformal anomaly in the dual gauge theory. It is found that a necessary condition for detecting such a correction with the next generation of cosmic microwave background (CMB) polarization experiments is that r >= 0.06. The bound is tightened to r > 0.3 for values of the central charge that are compatible with known compactifications of type IIB string theory as parametrized in terms of F-theory compactification on Calabi-Yau four-folds. This is close to the present upper bounds inferred from combined observations of the CMB anisotropy power spectrum and high redshift surveys. We conclude that if such modifications to the inflationary consistency equation are to be observable, the gravitational wave background should be detected in the near future. A further consequence of the non-standard dynamics at high energies is that the initial state of the universe is a quiescent singularity with a finite density and pressure.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures. Uses RevTeX4 LaTeX class
Adjoint Transform of Willmore Surfaces in $n$-sphere
Creators: name: Ma, Xiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53A30, 53A55, 53C42, 53C43

description: After the surface theory of Möbius geometry, this study concerns a pair of conformally immersed surfaces in $n$-sphere. Two new invariants $θ$ and $ρ$ associated with them are introduced as well as the notion of touch and co-touch. This approach is helpful in research about transforms of certain surface classes. As an application, we define adjoint transform for any given Willmore surface in $n$-sphere. It always exists locally (yet not unique in general) and generalizes known duality theorems of Willmore surfaces. This theory on surface pairs reaches its high point by a characterization of adjoint Willmore surfaces in terms of harmonic maps.
description: 22 pages; based on part of the author's PhD dissertation
Nonlinear control of PT-symmetry and non-Hermitian topological states
Creators: name: Xia, Shiqi
name: Kaltsas, Dimitrios
name: Song, Daohong
name: Komis, Ioannis
name: Xu, Jingjun
name: Szameit, Alexander
name: Buljan, Hrvoje
name: Makris, Konstantinos G.
name: Chen, Zhigang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Advances in topological photonics and non-Hermitian optics have drastically changed our perception on how interdisciplinary concepts may empower unprecedented applications. Bridging the two areas could uncover the reciprocity between topology and non-Hermiticity in complex systems. So far, such endeavors have focused mainly on linear-optics regime. Here, we establish a nonlinear non-Hermitian topological platform for control of parity-time (PT) symmetry and topological edge states. Experimentally, we demonstrate that optical nonlinearity effectively modulates the gain and loss of a topological interface waveguide in a non-Hermitian Su-Schrieffer-Heeger lattice, leading to switching between PT and non-PT-symmetric regimes accompanied by destruction and restoration of topological zero modes. Theoretically, we examine the fundamental issue of the interplay between two antagonistic effects: the sensitivity close to exceptional points and the robustness of non-Hermitian topological modes. Realizing single-channel control of global PT-symmetry via local nonlinearity may herald new possibilities for light manipulation and unconventional device applications.
The Topology of Foliations Formed by the Generic K-Orbits of a Subclass of the Indecomposable MD5-Groups
Creators: name: Vu, Le Anh
name: Hoa, Duong Quang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 22E45, 46E25, 20C20

description: The present paper is a continuation of [13], [14] of the authors. Specifically, the paper considers the MD5-foliations associated to connected and simply connected MD5-groups such that their Lie algebras have 4-dimensional commutative derived ideal. In the paper, we give the topological classification of all considered MD5-foliations. A description of these foliations by certain fibrations or suitable actions of $\mathbb{R}^{2}$ and the Connes' C*-algebras of the foliations which come from fibrations are also given in the paper.
description: 20 pages, no figure
Radiative seesaw corrections and charged-lepton decays in a model with soft flavour violation
Creators: name: Aeikens, E. H.
name: Ferreira, P. M.
name: Grimus, W.
name: Jurčiukonis, D.
name: Lavoura, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the one-loop radiative corrections to the light-neutrino mass matrix and their consequences for the predicted branching ratios of the five lepton-flavour-violating decays $\ell_1^- \to \ell_2^- \ell_3^+ \ell_3^-$ in a two-Higgs-doublet model furnished with the type-I seesaw mechanism and soft lepton-flavour violation. We find that the radiative corrections are very significant; they may alter the predicted branching ratios by several orders of magnitude and, in particular, they may help explain why $\mbox{BR}(μ^- \to e^- e^+ e^-)$ is strongly suppressed relative to the branching ratios of the decays of the $τ^-$. We conclude that, in any serious numerical assessment of the predictions of this model, it is absolutely necessary to take into account the one-loop radiative corrections to the light-neutrino mass matrix.
description: 28 pages, 7 figures; v2: one reference added, some minor changes to the text
Doping Dependence of the Redistribution of Optical Spectral Weight in Bi$_{2}$Sr$_{2}$CaCu$_{2}$O$_{8+δ}$
Creators: name: Carbone, F.
name: Kuzmenko, A. B.
name: Molegraaf, H. J. A.
name: van Heumen, E.
name: Lukovac, V.
name: Marsiglio, F.
name: van der Marel, D.
name: Haule, K.
name: Kotliar, G.
name: Berger, H.
name: Courjault, S.
name: Kes, P. H.
name: Li, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the ab-plane optical conductivity of four single crystals of Bi$_{2}$Sr$_{2}$CaCu$_{2}$O$_{8+δ}$ (Bi2212) with different carrier doping levels from the strongly underdoped to the strongly overdoped range with $T_c$=66, 88, 77, and 67 K respectively. We focus on the redistribution of the low frequency optical spectral weight (SW) in the superconducting and normal states. The temperature dependence of the low-frequency spectral weight in the normal state is significantly stronger in the overdoped regime. In agreement with other studies, the superconducting order is marked by an increase of the low frequency SW for low doping, while the SW decreases for the highly overdoped sample. The effect crosses through zero at a doping concentration $δ$=0.19 which is slightly to the right of the maximum of the superconducting dome. This sign change is not reproduced by the BCS model calculations, assuming the electron-momentum dispersion known from published ARPES data. Recent Cluster Dynamical Mean Field Theory (CDMFT) calculations based on the Hubbard and t-J models, agree in several relevant respects with the experimental data.
Multiplicity-dependent saturation momentum in $p$-Pb collisions at 5.02 TeV
Creators: name: Osada, Takeshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Semi-inclusive transverse momentum spectra observed in proton-proton and proton-lead nuclear collisions at LHC energies obey a geometric scaling with a scaling variable using multiplicity-dependent saturation momentum. The saturation momentum extracted from the experimental data is proportional to the 1/6 power of the hadron multiplicity in the final state. On the other hand, the system's transverse size is proportional to the 1/3 power of the multiplicity, and the saturation momentum and the transverse size of the system are strongly correlated with the hadron multiplicity in the final state. Since the saturation momentum is proportional to the average transverse momentum of hadrons, one predicts average transverse momentum is also proportional to the 1/6 power of the multiplicity, which is consistent with experimental results at the LHC energy. We found that a nuclear modification factor $R_{\rm pPb}$ calculated by the multiplicity-dependent saturation momentum decreases at $p_{\rm T} \lesssim$ 1GeV/$c$ and that our model can partially explain the $R_{\rm pPb}$'s behavior thought to be caused by nuclear shadowing. On the other hand, Cronin enhancement experimentally observed at $2 \lesssim p_{\rm T} \lesssim $ 6 GeV/$c$ is not reproduced. However, the experimental result, including the Cronin effect, can be reproduced well by introducing $p_{\rm T}$ dependence as a 4$\sim$5\% correction to the multiplicity-dependent saturation momentum.We also discuss a relation between the geometric scaling in the semi-inclusive distributions and the string percolation model.
description: Second edition. 11 pages, 8 figures. Added discussion of percolation-string model. Figure 6 and references added
Heavy quark potential and quarkonia dissociation rates
Creators: name: Blaschke, D.
name: Kaczmarek, O.
name: Laermann, E.
name: Yudichev, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quenched lattice data for the quark-antiquark interaction (in terms of heavy quark free energies) in the color singlet channel at finite temperatures are fitted and used within the nonrelativistic Schroedinger equation formalism to obtain binding energies and scattering phase shifts for the lowest eigenstates in the charmonium and bottomonium systems in a hot gluon plasma. The partial dissociation rate due to the Bhanot-Peskin process is calculated using different assumptions for the gluon distribution function, including free massless gluons, massive gluons, and massive damped gluons. It is demonstrated that a temperature dependent gluon mass has an essential influence on the heavy quarkonia dissociation, but that this process alone is insufficient to describe the heavy quarkonia dissociation rates.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures, contribution to the proceedings of the International Conference on Hard and Electromagnetic Probes of High Energy Nuclear Collisions, Ericeira, Portugal, Nov. 4-10, 2004
The data citation way in LifeWatch
Creators: name: López Lérida, Joaquín
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: biodiversity
data
data citation
digital twin
data infrastructure

description: Data citation plays a pivotal role in advancing transparency, credibility, and collaboration within biodiversity research. It not only acknowledges the dedicated work of data collectors and curators but also streamlines the sharing and integration of invaluable biodiversity datasets.

To illuminate the critical aspects of recognising and attributing biodiversity research datasets and to offer best practices for standardized dataset citation that duly recognises their creators and sources, ultimately enhancing data discoverability, reusability, and giving due credit to those managing it, we have organised a webinar, on the 20th of November 2023, in collaboration with four leading Research Infrastructures: GBIF, LifeWatch, DISSCO and eLTER,  to guide users through essential techniques for effectively citing biodiversity data.
Non(anti)commutative N=2 Supersymmetric U(N) Gauge Theory and Deformed Instanton Equations
Creators: name: Ito, Katsushi
name: Nakajima, Hiroaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study deformed supersymmetry in N=2 supersymmetric U(N) gauge theory in non(anti)commutative N=1 superspace. Using the component formalism, we construct deformed N=(1,1/2) supersymmetry explicitly. Based on the deformed supersymmetry, we discuss the C-dependence of the correlators. We also study the C-deformation of the instanton equation for the gauge group U(2).
description: 13 pages, minor corrections, references added
Curvature condensation and bifurcation in an elastic shell
Creators: name: Das, Moumita
name: Vaziri, Ashkan
name: Kudrolli, Arshad
name: Mahadevan, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the formation and evolution of localized geometrical defects in an indented cylindrical elastic shell using a combination of experiment and numerical simulation. We find that as a symmetric localized indentation on a semi-cylindrical shell increases, there is a transition from a global mode of deformation to a localized one which leads to the condensation of curvature along a symmetric parabolic crease. This process introduces a soft mode in the system, converting a load-bearing structure into a hinged, kinematic mechanism. Further indentation leads to twinning wherein the parabolic crease bifurcates into two creases that move apart on either side of the line of symmetry. A qualitative theory captures the main features of the phenomena and leads to sharper questions about the nucleation of these defects.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures, submitted to Physical Review Letters
The effects of star formation history in the SFR-M relation of HII galaxies
Creators: name: Lopes, Amanda R.
name: Telles, Eduardo
name: Melnick, Jorge
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the implications of assuming different star formation histories (SFH) in the relation between star formation rate (SFR) and mass derived by the spectral energy distribution fitting (SED). Our analysis focuses on a sample of HII galaxies, dwarf starburst galaxies spectroscopically selected through their strong narrow emission lines in SDSS DR13 at z<0.4, cross-matched with photometric catalogs from GALEX, SDSS, UKIDSS and WISE. We modeled and fitted the SEDs with the code CIGALE adopting different descriptions of SFH. By adding information from different independent studies we find that HII galaxies are best described by episodic SFHs including an old (10 Gyr), an intermediate age (100-1000 Myr) and a recent population with ages < 10 Myr. HII galaxies agree with the SFR-M relation from local star-forming galaxies, and only lie above such relation when the current SFR is adopted as opposed to the average over the entire SFH. The SFR-M demonstrated not to be a good tool to provide additional information about the SFH of HII galaxies, as different SFH present a similar behavior with a spread of <0.1 dex.
description: 15 pages, 18 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
An Analysis of the Impact of SEO on University Website Ranking
Creators: name: Shayegan, Mohammad Javad
name: Kouhzadi, Maasoumeh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Today, ranking systems in universities have been considered by the academic community, and there is a tight competition between world universities to achieve higher ranks. In the meantime, the ranking of university websites is also in the spotlight, and the Webometric research center announces the ranks of university websites twice a year. Examining university rankings indicators and the Webometric ranks of the university indicates that some of these indicators, directly and indirectly, affect each other. On the other hand, a preliminary study of Webometric indicators shows that some Search Engine Optimization (SEO) indicators can affect Webometric ranks. The purpose of this research is to show how far the SEO metrics can affect the website rank of the university. To do this, after extracting 38 points of the significant SEO metrics of the extracted universities using various tools, data analysis was conducted along with applying association rules on the data. The results of the research show that some of the SEO metrics, such as the number of backlinks, Alexa Rank, and Page Rank have a direct and significant impact on the website rank of universities, and in this regard, interesting rules have been extracted.
description: A Persian version of this paper has been published
Three essays on theories of economic growth, resource development and climate change
Creators: name: Cai, Yiyong
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Economic development Mathematical models.
subject: Resource allocation Mathematical models
subject: Climatic changes Government policy Economic aspects
subject: Development economics

description: This thesis is a collection of essays on theories of economic growth, resource development and climate change. The first essay (Chapter 2) studies the fundamental dynamic properties of stochastic optimal growth models with capital and elastic labour supply. It provides conditions on the primitives of the model under which the optimal policy functions are existent, unique, continuous and monotone. Second, it provides conditions under which the distribution of income converges to a unique invariant probability measure independent of initial income. It also studies when the law of large numbers and central limit theorem hold for functions of income, investment and labour. The second essay (Chapter 3) develops a theoretical model to study the resource curse. In a general equilibrium framework, it relates poor economic performance to the existence of social fractionalisation, market frictions and resource-related conflicts. When resources are monopolised by the elite, exports lead to the under-provision of public resource goods for domestic production. This lowers the marginal return to productive activities, and consequently, insurgency emerges as the civilians' default activity. The resultant conflicts further displace resources and labour, and bring the economy into a vicious cycle. The third essay (Chapter 4) proposes a non-probabilistic approach to the analysis of international climate policies. It argues that issues associated with climate change are historically unprecedented, and thus policymakers do not have a prior distribution over possible outcomes. Therefore, the theoretical framework based on maximising expected utility is not well defined. Under the alternative assumption that policymakers act strategically, but choose the policy that allows the highest possible gain in the worst-case scenario, this essay shows how multilateralism can be inferior to unilateralism in both carbon mitigation and loss minimisation. Hence, it is not appropriate to judge the success of global climate talks in terms of country engagement and reduction commitment. -- provided by Candidate.