cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Accelerated by Dark Matter: a High-redshift Pathway to Efficient Galaxy-scale Star Formation
Creators: name: Boylan-Kolchin, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the local Universe, star formation is typically inefficient both globally and when considered as the fraction of gas converted into stars per local free-fall time. An important exception to this inefficiency is regions of high gravitational accelerations $g$, or equivalently surface densities $Σ= g/(π\,G)$, where stellar feedback is insufficient to overcome the self-gravity of dense gas clouds. In this paper, I explore whether dark matter can play an analogous role in providing the requisite accelerations on the scale of entire galaxies in the early cosmos. The key insight is that characteristic accelerations in dark matter halos scale as $(1+z)^2$ at fixed halo mass. I show this is sufficient to make dark matter the source of intense accelerations that might induce efficient star formation on galactic scales at cosmic dawn in sufficiently massive halos. The mass characterizing this regime scales as $(1+z)^{-6}$ and corresponds to a relatively constant comoving number density of $n(>\!M_{\rm vir}) \approx 10^{-4}\,{\rm Mpc}^{-3}$ at $z \gtrsim 8$. For somewhat rarer halos, this model predicts stellar masses of $M_{\star} \sim 10^{9}\,M_{\odot}$ can form in regions that end up with sizes $\mathcal{O}(100\,{\rm pc})$ over $40\,{\rm Myr}$ time-scales at $z\approx 12-14$; these numbers compare well to measurements for some of the brightest galaxies at that epoch from James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) observations. Dark matter and standard cosmological evolution may therefore be crucial for explaining the surprisingly high levels of star formation in the early Universe revealed by JWST.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures; MNRAS, in press. V2: small changes in response to community comments and referee report, conclusions unchanged
The Diffuse Supernova Neutrino Background
Creators: name: Anandagoda, Samalka
name: Hartmann, Dieter H.
name: Ajello, Marco
name: Desai, Abhishek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Diffuse Supernova Neutrino Background (DSNB) in the MeV regime represents the cumulative cosmic neutrino emission, predominantly due to core collapse supernovae. We estimate the DSNB flux for different Star Formation Rate Density (SFRD) models. We find that the DSNB flux estimated using the SFRD derived from Fermi-LAT Collaboration et al. (2018) is significantly higher ($\approx$ 32$\%$) relative to the flux estimated using the SFRD from Madau & Fragos (2017). This depicts the sensitivity between the DSNB flux and the SFRD estimates which shows that future detection of the DSNB can be used as a valuable tool to constrain the SFRD.
Nuclear response functions for the N-N*(1440) transition
Creators: name: Alvarez-Ruso, L.
name: Barbaro, M. B.
name: Donnelly, T. W.
name: Molinari, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Parity-conserving and -violating response functions are computed for the inclusive electroexcitation of the N*(1440)(Roper) resonance in nuclear matter modeled as a relativistic Fermi gas. Using various empirical parameterizations and theoretical models of the N-N*(1440) transition form factors, the sensitivity of the response functions to details of the structure of the Roper resonance is investigated. The possibility of disentangling this resonance from the contribution of Delta electroproduction in nuclei is addressed. Finally, the contributions of the Roper resonance to the longitudinal scaling function and to the Coulomb sum rule are also explored.
description: 25 pages, 10 figures. Minor changes in the Introduction. Accepted in NPA
Additional file 1 of Degenerative findings in lumbar spine MRI: an inter-rater reliability study involving three raters
Creators: name: Doktor, Klaus
name: Jensen, Tue
name: Christensen, Henrik
name: Fredberg, Ulrich
name: Kindt, Morten
name: Boyle, Eleanor
name: Hartvigsen, Jan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Prevalence of findings at disc level (ordinal)
DDI Class Library for .NET
Creators: name: Fihn, Johan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013

description: An open source .NET class library for DDI-Lifecycle has been developed at SND. The class library is a help for developers who wants to create applications based on the DDI standard. The class library handles validation, serialization, de-serialization, generation of URNs and unique IDs.nbsp;
Continuous protection of a collective state from inhomogeneous dephasing
Creators: name: Finkelstein, Ran
name: Lahad, Ohr
name: Cohen, Itsik
name: Davidson, Omri
name: Kiriati, Shai
name: Poem, Eilon
name: Firstenberg, Ofer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce and demonstrate a scheme for eliminating the inhomogeneous dephasing of a collective quantum state. The scheme employs off-resonant fields that continuously dress the collective state with an auxiliary sensor state, which has an enhanced and opposite sensitivity to the same source of inhomogeneity. We derive the optimal conditions under which the dressed state is fully protected from dephasing, when using either one or two dressing fields. The latter provides better protection, circumvents qubit phase rotation, and suppresses the sensitivity to drive noise. We further derive expressions for all residual, higher-order, sensitivities. We experimentally study the scheme by protecting a collective excitation of an atomic ensemble, where inhomogeneous dephasing originates from thermal motion. Using photon storage and retrieval, we demonstrate complete suppression of inhomogeneous dephasing and consequently a prolonged memory time. Our scheme may be applied to eliminate motional dephasing in other systems, improving the performance of quantum gates and memories with neutral atoms. It is also generally applicable to various gas, solid, and engineered systems, where sensitivity to variations in time, space, or other domains limits possible scale-up of the system.
description: Revision includes extraction of the inhomogeneous dephasing time for various dressing parameters, discusses several extensions to other systems and applications, and clarifies further differences from previous schemes ;15 pages (including Methods and Supplementary information),6 figures, 1 table
Spairapeltis Miller 1950
Creators: name: Castro-Huertas, Valentina
name: Melo, María Cecilia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Reduviidae
Spairapeltis

description: Spairapeltis Miller, 1950
Type species: Spairapeltis sericea Miller, 1950. By monotypy, two species included.
Diagnosis: Humeral angles flat; scutellum with a spine apically and two club-like processes posteromedially; paramere apically wide like a spatula.
description: Published as part of Castro-Huertas, Valentina & Melo, María Cecilia, 2025, Reassessment of the Saicini phylogeny and evolution of hairy attachment structures on tarsi (Heteroptera: Reduviidae: Emesinae), pp. 1-20 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 203 (1) on page 15, DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae171, http://zenodo.org/record/14826033
Non-planar Diagrams and Non-commutative Superspace in Dijkgraaf-Vafa theory
Creators: name: Morita, Takeshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the field theory on non-commutative superspace and non-commutative spacetime that arises on D-branes in Type II superstring theory with a constant self-dual graviphoton and NS-NS $B$ field background. $\N=1$ supersymmetric field theories on this non-commutative space (such theories are called $\N=1/2$ supersymmetric theories.) can be reduced to supermatrix models as in hep-th/0303210 \cite{KKM}. We take an appropriate commutative limit in these theories and show that holomorphic quantities in commutative field theories are equivalent to reduced models, including non-planar diagrams to which the graviphoton contributes. This is a new derivation of Dijkgraaf-Vafa theory including non-planar diagrams.
description: 15 pages, 1 figure, the version to appear in Phys. Lett. B
Mapping the clinical pathway for patients undergoing vestibular schwannoma resection
Creators: name: Sinha, Siddharth
name: Williams, Simon C
name: Hanrahan, John Gerrard
name: Muirhead, William R
name: Booker, James
name: Khalil, Sherif
name: Kitchen, Neil
name: Newall, Nicola
name: Obholzer, Rupert
name: Saeed, Shakeel R
name: Marcus, Hani J
name: Grover, Patrick
Publisher: name: The Francis Crick Institute
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: Neurosciences
subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
classificationCode: Microfabrication & Bioengineering
subject: Microfabrication & Bioengineering
classificationCode: Ecology,Evolution & Ethology
subject: Ecology,Evolution & Ethology
classificationCode: Computational & Systems Biology
subject: Computational & Systems Biology

description: Background
The introduction of electronic health records (EHR) has improved the collection and storage of patient information, enhancing clinical communication and academia. However, EHRs remain limited by data quality and the time-consuming task of manual data extraction. This study aims to utilise process mapping to help identify critical data entry points within the clinical pathway for VS patients, ideal for structured data entry and automated data collection, in an effort to improve patient care and research.

Methods
A two-stage methodology was conducted at a neurosurgical unit. Process maps were developed using semi-structured interviews with stakeholders in the management of VS resection. Process maps were then retrospectively validated against EHR for patients admitted between August 2019 and December 2021, establishing critical data entry points.

Results
Twenty stakeholders were interviewed in the process map development. Process maps were validated against the EHR of 36 patients admitted for VS resection. Operation notes, surgical inpatient reviews (including ward rounds) and discharge summaries were present for all patients, representing critical data entry points. Areas for documentation improvement were present in the preoperative clinics (30/36, 83.3%), preoperative skull base multidisciplinary team (32/36, 88.9%), postoperative follow-up clinics (32/36, 88.9%), and the postoperative skull base multidisciplinary team meeting (29/36, 80.6%).

Conclusion
This is a first use of a two-stage methodology for process mapping the clinical pathway for patients undergoing VS resection. Our study identified critical data entry points which can be targeted for structured data entry and for automated data collection tools, positively impacting patient care and research.
A Valuation-Based Approach for Irrigated Agroecosystem Services
Creators: name: Zabala, José A.
name: Marín-Miñano, Cristina
name: Albaladejo-García, José A.
name: López-Becerra, Erasmo I.
name: De Miguel, M. D.
name: Martínez-Paz, José M.
name: Alcon, Francisco
name: Zabala, José A.
name: Marín-Miñano, Cristina
name: Albaladejo-García, José A.
name: López-Becerra, Erasmo I.
name: De Miguel, M. D.
name: Martínez-Paz, José M.
name: Alcon, Francisco
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Agriculture
subject: Choice experiment
subject: Non-market valuation
subject: Stakeholders
subject: Sustainability

description: Agroecosystems main function is food, fiber and fodder provision. However, other ecosystem services (ES) are provided by these systems, such as the reduction of soil loss or the enjoyment of the landscape. Many of these ES do not take part in the market, but their valuation is important to develop a sustainable management of the system. Valuing ES requires a clear classification of ES and some efforts on the study and clarification of the ES classification has been carried out. Nevertheless, the assessment of non-market benefits requires defining and classifying ES according to the type of ecosystem studied and prioritizing the ES impact on social well-being. Thus, this work aims to develop an adaptation of the existing ES classification for irrigated agroecosystem ES valuation, and verify it through an agricultural stakeholders’ consultation. Their contribution could permit to advance towards agricultural ES valuation. It would allow the implementation of management and policy actions which take into account the importance of agroecosystem ES provision and their impact on human well-being.
General Matrix-Matrix Multiplication Using SIMD features of the PIII
Creators: name: Aberdeen, Douglas
name: Baxter, Jonathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Performance (cs.PF)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Generalised matrix-matrix multiplication forms the kernel of many mathematical algorithms. A faster matrix-matrix multiply immediately benefits these algorithms. In this paper we implement efficient matrix multiplication for large matrices using the floating point Intel Pentium SIMD (Single Instruction Multiple Data) architecture. A description of the issues and our solution is presented, paying attention to all levels of the memory hierarchy. Our results demonstrate an average performance of 2.09 times faster than the leading public domain matrix-matrix multiply routines.
description: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1911.05181
4D-Tracking with Digital SiPMs
Creators: name: Diehl, Inge
name: King, Finn
name: Gregor, Ingrid-Maria
name: Hansen, Karsten
name: Lachnit, Stephan
name: Rastorguev, Daniil
name: Spannagel, Simon
name: Vanat, Tomas
name: Vignola, Gianpiero
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2024

description: Silicon Photomultipliers (SiPMs) are the state-of-the-art technology in single-photon detection with solid-state detectors. Single Photon Avalanche Diodes (SPADs), the key element of SiPMs, can now be manufactured in CMOS processes, facilitating the integration of a SPAD array into custom monolithic ASICs. This allows implementing features such as signal digitization, masking, full hit-map readout, noise suppression, and photon counting in a monolithic CMOS chip. The complexity of the off-chip readout chain is thereby reduced. These new features allow new applications for digital SiPMs, such as 4D-tracking of charged particles, where spatial resolutions of the order of $10 \mu m$ and timestamping with time resolutions of a few tens of ps are required. A prototype of a digital SiPM was designed at DESY using the LFoundry $150 nm$ CMOS technology. Various studies were carried out in the laboratory and at the DESY II test-beam facility to evaluate the sensor performance in Minimum Ionizing Particles (MIPs) detection. The direct detection of charged particles was investigated for bare prototypes and assemblies coupling dSiPMs and thin LYSO crystals. Spatial resolution $\sim20 \mu m$ and a full-system time resolution of $\sim50 ps$ are measured using bare dSiPMs in direct MIP detection. Efficiency $>99.5 \%$, low noise rate and time resolution $<1 ns$ can be reached with the thin radiator coupling.
Linearized Implicit Methods Based on a Single-Layer Neural Network: Application to Keller-Segel Models
Creators: name: Amine, M. Benzakour
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper is concerned with numerical approximation of some two-dimensional Keller-Segel chemotaxis models, especially those generating pattern formations. The numerical resolution of such nonlinear parabolic-parabolic or parabolic-elliptic systems of partial differential equations consumes a significant computational time when solved with fully implicit schemes. Standard linearized semi-implicit schemes, however, require reasonable computational time, but suffer from lack of accuracy. In this work, two methods based on a single-layer neural network are developed to build linearized implicit schemes: a basic one called the each step training linearized implicit (ESTLI) method and a more efficient one, the selected steps training linearized implicit (SSTLI) method. The proposed schemes, which make use also of a spatial finite volume method with a hybrid difference scheme approximation for convection-diffusion fluxes, are first derived for a chemotaxis system arising in embryology. The convergence of the numerical solutions to a corresponding weak solution of the studied system is established. Then the proposed methods are applied to a number of chemotaxis models, and several numerical tests are performed to illustrate their accuracy, efficiency and robustness. Generalization of the developed methods to other nonlinear partial differential equations is straightforward.
description: The full version is available at: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10915-020-01310-0
Manufacturing and the Midwest Rural Economy Recent Trends and Implications for the Future
Creators: name: Bernat, G. Andrew
name: Bernat, G. Andrew
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1997
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development

description: Rural communities in the Midwest gained manufacturing jobs during the 1980’s and into the 1990’s even as urban areas sustained large job losses. Mirroring national patterns, most of the rural manufacturing job gains were in less urbanized and completely rural nonmetro counties. In addition, counties that have gained manufacturing jobs exhibited substantially better economic performance than other counties. These recent trends indicate that, as long as rural manufacturing firms are able to maintain their competitiveness, manufacturing may well provide the basis for continued economic growth.
Change detection (1985-2020): Projections on land-use land cover, carbon storage, sequestration, and valuation in Southwestern Gambia
Creators: name: Nfamara K. Dampha
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: This study assesses land-use/land cover (LULC) change in the southwestern region of The Gambia, using remotely sensed satellite imagery. Using a geographic information system (GIS) software, I conducted a pixel-based supervised LULC classification applying the Random Forest Algorithm. I further used the classified LULC maps as part of the input parameters required to run the Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Tradeoffs (InVEST) Carbon Storage and Sequestration model. This study attributes the critical drivers of LULC change to deforestation, urbanization, industrial expansion, real estate development, climate change impacts, timber extraction, migration, and population density. Some of the factors are necessary for economic growth but not suitable for sustainable growth or development. The analysis reveals a forest cover loss of 22,408 ha (18% decrease) from 1985 to 2020 in the study area. The deforestation and other LULC changes between 2003 and 2020 have contributed to 21,824 metric tons of carbon emissions. The carbon loss is equivalent to an economic value ranging from US$521,526 to US$6,899,830. The study also presents three LULC projection (2020–2050) scenarios, namely, a business-as-usual (BAU), a new capital city (NCC) development, and a sustainability (SUST) pathway. Consideration of the study recommendations will minimize deforestation, increase carbon sequestration rate, support climate change mitigation, and provide adaptation co-benefits (e.g. urban flood mitigation).
Additional file 2 of A systematic evaluation of digital nutrition promotion websites and apps for supporting parents to influence childrenâ€™s nutrition
Creators: name: Zarnowiecki, Dorota
name: Mauch, Chelsea
name: Middleton, Georgia
name: Matwiejczyk, Louisa
name: Watson, Wendy
name: Dibbs, Jane
name: Dessaix, Anita
name: Golley, Rebecca
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2. Data extraction table for studies evaluating effectiveness of digital health platforms for improving nutrition outcomes. Table of data extracted from included studies regarding the effectiveness of the digital health platforms
The H IX galaxy survey III: The gas-phase metallicity in HI eXtreme galaxies
Creators: name: Lutz, K. A.
name: Kilborn, V.
name: Catinella, B.
name: Cortese, L.
name: Brown, T. H.
name: Koribalski, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper presents the analysis of optical integral field spectra for the HI eXtreme (HIX) galaxy sample. HIX galaxies host at least 2.5 times more atomic gas (HI) than expected from their optical R-band luminosity. Previous examination of their star formation activity and HI kinematics suggested that these galaxies stabilise their large HI discs (radii up to 94 kpc) against star formation due to their higher than average baryonic specific angular momentum. A comparison to semi-analytic models further showed that the elevated baryonic specific angular momentum is inherited from the high spin of the dark matter host. In this paper we now turn to the gas-phase metallicity as well as stellar and ionised gas kinematics in HIX galaxies to gain insights into recent accretion of metal-poor gas or recent mergers. We compared the stellar, ionised, and atomic gas kinematics, and examine the variation in the gas-phase metallicity throughout the stellar disc of HIX galaxies. We find no indication for counter-rotation in any of the components, the central metallicities tend to be lower than average, but as low as expected for galaxies of similar HI mass. Metallicity gradients are comparable to other less HI-rich, local star forming galaxies. We conclude that HIX galaxies show no conclusive evidence for recent major accretion or merger events. Their overall lower metallicities are likely due to being hosted by high spin halos, which slows down their evolution and thus the enrichment of their interstellar medium.
description: Main body: 10 pages, 6 figures; Appendix: 11 pages; Accepted by A&A
Colectica: Sharing Data through Open Standards
Creators: name: Iverson, Jeremy
name: Smith, Dan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013

description: Colectica is a standards-based platform for creating, documenting, managing, distributing, and discovering data. Colectica aims to create publishable documentation as a by-product of the data management process. This booth will provide live demonstrations of the various components of the Colectica platform. Colectica for Excel is a new, free add-in for Microsoft Excel that allows you to document spreadsheet data using the DDI-Lifecycle standard. Colectica Repository is a centralized storage system for managing data resources, enabling team-based data management, and providing automatic version control. Colectica Designer interacts with Colectica Repository to provide advanced data management and documentation functionality. Colectica Designer can import data and metadata from a variety of formats, and can generate documentation and source code in a variety of formats. Colectica Portal is a web-based application, powered by Colectica Repository, which enables data and metadata publication and discovery. Colectica Portal integrates with several social networking technologies to provide enhanced collaboration and discovery.nbsp;
The eco-scheme proposal for the CAP post 2020: a more effective incentive for environmental enhancement or a largely empty box?
Creators: name: Hart, Kaley
name: Baldock, David
name: Bas-Defossez, Faustine
name: Meredith, Stephen
name: Mottershead, David
name: Hart, Kaley
name: Baldock, David
name: Bas-Defossez, Faustine
name: Meredith, Stephen
name: Mottershead, David
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: CAP
subject: agri-environment
subject: eco-scheme
subject: conditionality
subject: payment methods

description: Focussing on the European Commission’s proposals for the 2021-27 CAP, this paper looks at the opportunities they present for enhancing climate and environmental ambition in the EU, examining in particular the role that the proposed new Pillar 1 eco-scheme might play in the policy mix. It discusses some of the opportunities and risks related to its introduction including: the ability to target and tailor direct payments to environmental needs; the balance between flexibility and accountability; securing sufficient resources; the pros and cons of the two payment models permitted; annual versus multi-annual commitments; and its relationship in the green architecture with conditionality and other rural development payments. It concludes that the eco-scheme represents a change in direction for the integration of environmental goals and tools into Pillar 1 of the CAP which could act as a bridge to a more integrated and sustainable single pillar policy architecture in the future. However, it remains to be seen whether Member States are yet ready to appreciate its potential and use its flexibilities in innovative ways to promote a more ambitious environmental agenda in conjunction with other CAP measures.
Similarities and differences of the neural correlates in various sleep disorders and sleep deprivation across 196 neuroimaging studies
Creators: name: Reimann, Gerion Michael
name: Hoseini, Alireza
name: Koçak, Mihrican
name: Beste, Melissa
name: Küppers, Vincent
name: Rosenzweig, Ivana
name: Elmenhorst, David
name: Pires, Gabriel
name: Spiegelhalder, Kai
name: Eickhoff, Simon
name: Müller, Veronika
name: Tahmasian, Masoud
Publisher: name: Forschungzentrum Jülich
Year: 2024

description: 27th Conference of the European Sleep Research Society, Seville, Spain, 24 Sep 2024 - 27 Sep 2024
description: Patients with various sleep disorders report diverse nocturnal/daytime symptoms, but some of them are similar. Likewise, healthy individuals with experimental sleep deprivation report similar complaints, suggesting common neurobiological substrates. In this pre-registered study, we investigated the specific/shared neural correlates across sleep disorders and sleep deprivation using a multimodal coordinate-based meta-analysis (CBMA).
When Rural Communities Lose Passenger Rail Service
Creators: name: Brown, Dennis
name: Brown, Dennis
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1997
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development
Public Economics

description: Some rural areas have recently had cutbacks in passenger rail service. While the loss of this service usually does not, by itself, threaten a town’s economic survival, it may have adverse effects that can be offset by public policy. This article explores some of the options available to these communities.
On the Symmetries of Cosmological Perturbations
Creators: name: Green, Daniel
name: Pajer, Enrico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The space of inflationary models is vast, containing wide varieties of mechanisms, symmetries, and spectra of particles. Consequently, the space of observational signatures is similarly complex. Hence, it is natural to look for boundaries of the space of models and their signatures. In this paper, we explore the possible symmetries associated with the primordial cosmological perturbations and their correlators in the asymptotic future. Assuming the observed homogeneity, isotropy and (approximate) scale invariance, we prove three main results. First, correlation functions of scalar metric fluctuations are uniquely characterized by soft theorems and are free from ambiguity under field redefinitions. Second, whatever the particle content and interactions, when the standard soft theorems apply, invariance under de Sitter boosts (linearly realized conformal invariance) is only possible if all connected correlators vanish identically, i.e. if the theory is free. Third, conformal invariance is the largest set of linearly realized (bosonic) symmetries of the correlators of any single scalar, irrespectively of any soft theorems or particle content.
description: 33 pages; v2: minor corrections
Easy DDI Organizer (EDO): Metadata Management and Survey Planning Tool Based on DDI-Lifecycle
Creators: name: Yonekura, Yuki
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013

description: From 2010, Social Science Japan Data Archive started to introduce DDI and also develop Easy DDI Organizer (EDO). EDO is a tool which helps researchers to conduct social surveys and manage their metadata. It enables researchers to record survey metadata along with data lifecycle such as study purpose, sampling procedure, mode of data collection, questions, question sequence, variable descriptions, and bibliographic information. It also supports importing variable level metadata from SPSS files and exporting codebook and questionnaire. We will introduce and demonstrate these features at the poster session.
An optical fiber-based probe for photonic crystal microcavities
Creators: name: Srinivasan, Kartik
name: Barclay, Paul E.
name: Borselli, Matthew
name: Painter, Oskar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review a novel method for characterizing both the spectral and spatial properties of resonant cavities within two-dimensional photonic crystals (PCs). An optical fiber taper serves as an external waveguide probe whose micron-scale field is used to source and couple light from the cavity modes, which appear as resonant features in the taper's wavelength-dependent transmission spectrum when it is placed within the cavity's near field. Studying the linewidth and depth of these resonances as a function of the taper's position with respect to the resonator produces quantitative measurements of the quality factor Q and modal volume Veff of the resonant cavity modes. Polarization information about the cavity modes can be obtained by studying their depths of coupling when the cavity is probed along different axes by the taper. This fiber-based technique has been used to measure Q ~ 40,000 and Veff ~ 0.9 cubic wavelengths in a graded square lattice PC microcavity fabricated in silicon. The speed and versatility of this fiber-based probe is highlighted, and a discussion of its applicability to other wavelength-scale resonant elements is given.
description: Submitted to special section on photonic crystals from the PECS-V conference in IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications (J-SAC), Nanotechnologies for Communications issue
Direct Farm Marketing as a Rural Development Tool
Creators: name: Gale, Fred
name: Gale, Fred
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Many farmers, government officials, and rural advocates are enthusiastic about the prospects of direct farm marketing for bolstering farm income and promoting rural development. Direct marketing plays a role in rural development by encouraging a climate of entrepreneurship and innovation, attracting agricultural tourists, and promoting alternative forms of agriculture. However, an analysis of 1992 Census of Agriculture data indicates that the income from direct selling is relatively small and limited to communities near urban areas. Communities in remote locations need to make a concerted effort to benefit from direct marketing.
Thermodynamic theory of crystal plasticity: formulation and application to polycrystal fcc copper
Creators: name: Lieou, Charles K. C.
name: Bronkhorst, Curt A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a thermodynamic description of crystal plasticity. Our formulation is based on the Langer-Bouchbinder-Lookman thermodynamic dislocation theory (TDT), which asserts the fundamental importance of an effective temperature that describes the state of configurational disorder and therefore the dislocation density of the crystalline material. We extend the TDT description from isotropic plasticity to crystal plasticity with many slip systems. Finite-element simulations show favourable comparison with experiments on polycrystal fcc copper under uniaxial compression, tension, and simple shear. The thermodynamic theory of crystal plasticity thus provides a thermodynamically consistent and physically rigorous description of dislocation motion in crystals. We also discuss new insights about the interaction of dislocations belonging to different slip systems.
Additional file 1 of A systematic evaluation of digital nutrition promotion websites and apps for supporting parents to influence childrenâ€™s nutrition
Creators: name: Zarnowiecki, Dorota
name: Mauch, Chelsea
name: Middleton, Georgia
name: Matwiejczyk, Louisa
name: Watson, Wendy
name: Dibbs, Jane
name: Dessaix, Anita
name: Golley, Rebecca
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Full example search strategy for objectives one, two, and three. Full search strategy for Ovid MEDLINE database for objective one and objective two, and full search strategy for websites and apps for objective three
CartoGrammar-Making Cartograms the Easy Way
Creators: name: Macdonald, Stuart
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013

description: The primary aim of the work undertaken was to offer a production strength generic service and associated toolset for the benefit of a wider social-science audience. We discuss the creation of an open web service and supporting web site 'galleria' and tools that allow social scientists to create, share and reuse custom, bespoke cartograms. Our objectives in undertaking this work were to: 1. Make more robust (in terms of software implementation and service quality), an existing, proof-of-concept service, previously funded by the UK's Economic and Social Research Council under its Census Program Innovation awards; 2. Ensure that tools exist which are both readily available and comprehensible for use by novice and non-expert users; 3. Showcase user generated datasets in a way that is engaging and permits onward sharing, reuse and remix of original and derived data; and 4. Deliver a sustainable infrastructure that supports both machine-to-machine and human-machine interaction.
Liver Cancer? No need to hold your breath for a cure!
Creators: name: Carpentier, Emilie
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2022

description: Emilie Carpentier was the first-place finalist in the 2022 UBC Three Minute Thesis (3MT) competition. Emilie presented their research, "Liver cancer? No need to hold your breath for a cure!" They hope to use physics to treat cancer using 4D modelling techniques that can more accurately target cancer cells. Organs in the body can move as much as 2 cm when the patient breathes, which is a huge amount for radiation targeting specific areas. The modelling technique she discussed is meant to improve cancer outcomes with better radiation targeting, and has already been applied in real-life scenarios. “It is a really awesome feeling knowing that my 4D modelling has been applied in real life and is helping people,” says Emilie. Emilie is completing their PhD in Physics in the Faculty of Science at The University of British Columbia under the supervision of Prof. Tony Mestrovic.
Why U.S. Agriculture and Rural Areas Have a Stake in Small Farms
Creators: name: Steele, Cheryl J.
name: Steele, Cheryl J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1997
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Community/Rural/Urban Development

description: Despite a two-thirds decline in the number of farms since 1945, small farms remain important contributors to rural communities and U.S. agriculture. They constitute 60 percent of all farms, own 29 percent of farmland held by farmers, and hold 39 percent of the farm sector’s net worth. Small farmers often concentrate on alternative crops and niche markets, pioneering new areas for U.S. agriculture. They also contribute significantly to the rural economy as purchasers of inputs and supplies, preservers of the rural landscape, and sources of off-farm workers in local economies.
Additional file 2 of Socially-assigned race and health: a scoping review with global implications for population health equity
Creators: name: Kellee White
name: Jourdyn Lawrence
name: Tchangalova, Nedelina
name: Huang, Shuo
name: Cummings, Jason
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2. Search strategy for databases
Evaluation of Repository for Inclusion in Data Citation Index
Creators: name: Brvar, Irena Vipavc
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013

description: Slovene Social Science Data Archives (ADP) are one of the smallest CESSDA archives but still wants to follow the big ones. ADP is registered as local repository at Slovene Ministry of Education and Science and authors of social science surveys with data saved in our archive gain scientific points. To expand beyond country borders we would like to be included as a repository in Data Citation Index on Thomson Reuter. In this poster we will present requirements of Thomson Reuter, and our path from where we are now to the inclusion in this register of data repositories. We would like make data more visible to foreign researchers, and to make links between publication and data possible. Some CESSDA archives already made this path and we would like to follow them.
Production function estimation using New Zealand’s Longitudinal Business Database
Creators: name: Fabling, Richard
name: Mare, David C
name: Fabling, Richard
name: Mare, David C
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: Statistics New Zealand Longitudinal Business Database
subject: Production function
subject: multi-factor
subject: productivity

description: This paper is intended as a resource for researchers using the New Zealand Longitudinal Business Database (LBD) to study the productivity of New Zealand firms. First, it documents the methods used for creating a consistent dataset of production data, combining survey and administrative data sources. Second, it discusses a range of identification and estimation issues that arise when using the data for the estimation of multi-factor productivity. Finally, it demonstrates the value and usefulness of the data by presenting and comparing a range of productivity estimates for a single industry.
The QCD spectrum: mixing, strong decays and the role of sea quarks
Creators: name: Simonov, Yu. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The light hadron spectrum as computed in nonperturbative QCD is reviewed and compared to lattice data and experiment. The mixing of mesons, hybrids and glueballs is calculated in the Field Correlator Method. The strong decay mechanisms are found out in the method and compared to the known phenomenological models. The role of sea quarks (unquenched approximation) is studied analytically using radially excited mesons as an example, and compared to experiment.
description: 17 pages, invited talk at the NPD-2002 Conference of Russian Academy of Sciences, December 2-6, ITEP, to be published in Phys.Atom.Nucl
Establishing a National Statistical Information Repository in Uganda: Prospects and Challenges
Creators: name: Nekesa, Winny Akullo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013

description: Uganda Bureau of Statistics is a semi-autonomous government agency established under the 1998 Act of Parliament to spearhead the development and maintenance of the National Statistical System (NSS). In order to develop a coherent, reliable, efficient and demand-driven NSS that supports management and development initiatives, the Bureau in collaboration with key Ministries Departments Agencies (MDAs) under the Plan for National Statistical Development namely, Ministry of Health, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Tourism, Trade and Industry, Ministry of Gender, Labor and Social Development, Ministry of Agriculture, Animal Industry and Fisheries, Ministry of Local Government , Bank of Uganda (BOU) and Uganda Police Force generate a lot of statistical information which is scattered in various locations in the MDAs. Access to a wide array of statistical information is a challenge because there is no established mechanism or facility were this information or access modalities can be centralized, coordinated and managed. Such a facility once set up would act as the digital preservation repository/hub for data/information to inform and support evidence based decision making for better socio-economic development outcomes. This paper outlines the proposed digitization process and the prospects of this system and the challenges that are likely to be met.
Scheduling and dimensioning of heterogeneous energy stores, with applications to future GB storage needs
Creators: name: Zachary, Stan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Future ``net-zero'' electricity systems in which all or most generation is renewable may require very high volumes of storage, provided jointly by a number of heterogeneous technologies, in order to manage the associated variability in the generation-demand balance. We consider the problems of scheduling and dimensioning such storage. We develop a value-function based approach to optimal scheduling, and show that, to a good approximation, the problem to be solved at each successive point in time reduces to a linear programme with a particularly simple solution. We show that approximately optimal scheduling may be achieved without the need for a running forecast of the future generation-demand balance. We examine the applicability of the above theory to future GB storage needs, and discuss how it may be used to enable the most economic dimensioning of such storage, with possible savings of tens of billions of pounds, relative to the use of a single technology.
Origin of interlayer exciton-phonon coupling in 2D heterostructures
Creators: name: Nalabothula, Muralidhar
name: Wirtz, Ludger
name: Reichardt, Sven
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The coupling between excitons and phonons across adjacent layers has been experimentally observed in various heterostructures of layered materials. Yet the precise mechanism underlying this phenomenon remains elusive. Using the WSe$_2$@hBN heterostructure as an example, we study the origin of the interlayer exciton-phonon coupling and its signature in resonant Raman scattering through first-principles calculations. Our study emphasizes the central role of crystal symmetries in the interlayer exciton-phonon scattering processes, which are responsible for the anomalous resonant Raman intensities of the in-plane and the out-of-plane hBN phonon modes. We find that the deformation potential induced by the hBN phonon interacts with the hybridized hole density of WSe$_2$ excitons near the hBN interface, leading to interlayer exciton-phonon coupling.
description: 5 Pages, 3 figures
Pattern Forming Dynamical Instabilities of Bose-Einstein Condensates: A Short Review
Creators: name: Kevrekidis, P. G.
name: Frantzeskakis, D. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this short topical review, we revisit a number of works on the pattern-forming dynamical instabilities of Bose-Einstein condensates in one- and two-dimensional settings. In particular, we illustrate the trapping conditions that allow the reduction of the three-dimensional, mean field description of the condensates (through the Gross-Pitaevskii equation) to such lower dimensional settings, as well as to lattice settings. We then go on to study the modulational instability in one dimension and the snaking/transverse instability in two dimensions as typical examples of long-wavelength perturbations that can destabilize the condensates and lead to the formation of patterns of coherent structures in them. Trains of solitons in one-dimension and vortex arrays in two-dimensions are prototypical examples of the resulting nonlinear waveforms, upon which we briefly touch at the end of this review.
description: 28 pages, 9 figures, published
Economic Conditions for Innovation: Private vs. Public Sector
Creators: name: Evan, Tomáš
name: Holý, Vladimír
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Economics (econ.GN)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: The Hicks induced innovation hypothesis states that a price increase of a production factor is a spur to invention. We propose an alternative hypothesis restating that a spur to invention require not only an increase of one factor but also a decrease of at least one other factor to offset the companies' cost. We illustrate the need for our alternative hypothesis in a historical example of the industrial revolution in the United Kingdom. Furthermore, we econometrically evaluate both hypotheses in a case study of research and development (R&D) in 29 OECD countries from 2003 to 2017. Specifically, we investigate dependence of investments to R&D on economic environment represented by average wages and oil prices using panel regression. We find that our alternative hypothesis is supported for R&D funded and/or performed by business enterprises while the original Hicks hypothesis holds for R&D funded by the government and R&D performed by universities. Our results reflect that business sector is significantly influenced by market conditions, unlike the government and higher education sectors.