cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Differentiated cell behavior: a multiscale approach using measure theory
Creators: name: Colombi, Annachiara
name: Scianna, Marco
name: Tosin, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 35Q70, 35Q92, 92C17

description: This paper deals with the derivation of a collective model of cell populations out of an individual-based description of the underlying physical particle system. By looking at the spatial distribution of cells in terms of time-evolving measures, rather than at individual cell paths, we obtain an ensemble representation stemming from the phenomenological behavior of the single component cells. In particular, as a key advantage of our approach, the scale of representation of the system, i.e., microscopic/discrete vs. macroscopic/continuous, can be chosen a posteriori according only to the spatial structure given to the aforesaid measures. The paper focuses in particular on the use of different scales based on the specific functions performed by cells. A two-population hybrid system is considered, where cells with a specialized/differentiated phenotype are treated as a discrete population of point masses while unspecialized/undifferentiated cell aggregates are represented with a continuous approximation. Numerical simulations and analytical investigations emphasize the role of some biologically relevant parameters in determining the specific evolution of such a hybrid cell system.
description: 25 pages, 6 figures
Biogeochemical expressions of buried REE mineralization at the Norra Kärr Alkaline Complex, southern Sweden
Creators: name: Bluemel, Britt
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: Biogeochemical exploration is an effective but underutilized method for delineating covered mineralization. Plants are capable of accumulating rare earth elements (REEs) in their tissue, and ferns (pteridophytes) are especially adept because they are one of the most primitive land plants, therefore lack the barrier mechanisms developed by more evolved plants. The Norra Kärr Alkaline Complex, located in southern Sweden approximately 300km southwest of Stockholm, is a peralkaline nepheline syenite enriched in heavy rare earth elements (HREEs). The deposit, roughly 300m wide, 1300m long, and overlain by up to 4 m of Quaternary sediments, has been well-defined by diamond drilling. The inferred REE mineral resource, over 60 million tonnes averaging 0.54% Total Rare Earth Oxide (TREO), is dominantly hosted within the pegmatitic “grennaite” unit, a eudialyte-catapleiite-aegerine nepheline syenite. Vegetation and soil samples were collected from the surficial environment above Norra Kärr to address four key questions: which plant species is the most effective biogeochemical exploration medium; what are the annual and seasonal REE variations in that plant; how do the REEs move through the soil profile; and into which part of the plant are they concentrated. Athyrium filix-femina (lady fern) has the highest concentration of LREEs and HREEs (up to 125.17ppm Ce and 1.03ppm Dy) in its dry leaves; however, there is better contrast between background and anomalous areas in Dryopteris filix-mas (wood fern), which makes it the preferred biogeochemical sampling medium. The REE content in all fern species was shown to decrease from root > frond > stem, and chondrite normalized REE patterns within the plant displayed preferential fractionation of the LREEs in the fronds relative to the roots. Samples collected from an area directly overlying the deposit had up to five times greater HREE content (0.74ppm Dy) in August than the same plants did in June (0.14ppm Dy). The elevated REE content and distinct contrast to background demonstrate that biogeochemical sampling is an effective method for REE exploration in this environment.
Die Modulierung des impliziten motorischen Sequenzlernens mittels transkranieller Gleichstromstimulation des Kleinhirns mit geringer Stromdichte
Creators: name: Terlutter, Clara
Publisher: name: Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Motorisches Lernen
subject: Implizites Lernen
subject: Lernsequenz
subject: Elektrostimulation
subject: 612.823312

description: Klavier oder Computer spielen sind Beispiele motorischer Fertigkeiten, die ohne das implizite Sequenzlernen nicht möglich wären. Bei dieser Lernform werden motorische Abläufe teils unbewusst gelernt und automatisch ausgeführt. Das Kleinhirn spielt dabei eine wichtige Rolle. Die nicht-invasive transkranielle Gleichstromstimulation (tDCS) stellt eine Methode dar, die das Potential hat, das Kleinhirn zu beeinflussen. Bedingt durch den methodischen Aufbau zeigten Studien, die bisher den Einfluss der tDCS des Kleinhirns auf das implizite Sequenzlernen untersucht haben uneinheitliche Ergebnisse. Mit dem Seriellen Reaktionszeittest wurde in dieser Studie das implizite motorische Sequenzlernen gemessen. Die Sequenzlänge, die alternierende Anordnung der Sequenzarten (repetiert und randomisiert) mit balancierten Zahlen der Sequenzarten, sowie die Darbietung eines räumlichen Stimulus ermöglichten, in Abgrenzung zu einigen bereits erfolgten Studien, das Untersuchen des Sequenzlernens. Durch eine signifikante Interaktion zwischen Sequenzart und Stimulation konnte gezeigt werden, dass die tDCS des Kleinhirns spezifisch das implizite motorische Sequenzlernen, aber nicht das allgemeine motorische Lernen beeinflusst. Die Befunde unterstützen die Hypothese, dass das Kleinhirn inhibitorisch auf das Sequenzlernen wirkt, und dass dies durch extern applizierte geringe Stromdichte beeinflusst werden kann.
On the Number of Cosmic Strings
Creators: name: Consiglio, Rosa
name: Sazhina, Olga
name: Longo, Giuseppe
name: Sazhin, Mikhail
name: Pezzella, Franco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The number of cosmic strings in the observable universe is relevant in determining the probability of detecting such cosmic defects through their gravitational signatures. In particular, we refer to the observation of gravitational lensing events and anisotropy in the CMB radiation induced by cosmic strings. In this paper, a simple method is adopted to obtain an approximate estimate of the number of segments of cosmic strings, crossing the particle horizon, which fall inside the observed part of the universe. We show that there is an appreciable difference in the expected number of segments which differentiates cosmic strings arising in Abelian Higgs and Nambu-Goto models, and that a different choice of setting for the cosmological model can lead to significant differences in the expected number of cosmic string segments. Of this number, the fraction realistically detectable may be considerably smaller.
description: LaTex2e, 15 pages, 1 figure, 5 tables. Subject extended to other cosmological scenarios from Sect. 3 on hence, it follows a modification in the title; three tables and references added. Version to appear in MNRAS
Partial normalizations of Coxeter arrangements and discriminants
Creators: name: Granger, Michel
name: Mond, David
name: Schulze, Mathias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20F55, 17B66, 13B22

description: We study natural partial normalization spaces of Coxeter arrangements and discriminants and relate their geometry to representation theory. The underlying ring structures arise from Dubrovin's Frobenius manifold structure which is lifted (without unit) to the space of the arrangement. We also describe an independent approach to these structures via duality of maximal Cohen--Macaulay fractional ideals. In the process, we find 3rd order differential relations for the basic invariants of the Coxeter group. Finally, we show that our partial normalizations give rise to new free divisors.
description: 24 pages, 1 figure, amended postprint
A combined first and second order variational approach for image reconstruction
Creators: name: Papafitsoros, Konstantinos
name: Schönlieb, Carola-Bibiane
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 49J52, 65K10, 65N21, 90C25, 52A41, 68U10

description: In this paper we study a variational problem in the space of functions of bounded Hessian. Our model constitutes a straightforward higher-order extension of the well known ROF functional (total variation minimisation) to which we add a non-smooth second order regulariser. It combines convex functions of the total variation and the total variation of the first derivatives. In what follows, we prove existence and uniqueness of minimisers of the combined model and present the numerical solution of the corresponding discretised problem by employing the split Bregman method. The paper is furnished with applications of our model to image denoising, deblurring as well as image inpainting. The obtained numerical results are compared with results obtained from total generalised variation (TGV), infimal convolution and Euler's elastica, three other state of the art higher-order models. The numerical discussion confirms that the proposed higher-order model competes with models of its kind in avoiding the creation of undesirable artifacts and blocky-like structures in the reconstructed images -- a known disadvantage of the ROF model -- while being simple and efficiently numerically solvable.
description: 34 pages, 89 figures
A locally minimal, but not globally minimal bridge position of a knot
Creators: name: Ozawa, Makoto
name: Takao, Kazuto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57M25

description: We give a locally minimal, but not globally minimal bridge position of a knot, that is, an unstabilized, nonminimal bridge position of a knot. It implies that a bridge position cannot always be simplified so that the bridge number monotonically decreases to the minimal.
description: 27 pages, 12 figures, v3: minor corrections throughout the paper
A Dirac type xp-Model and the Riemann Zeros
Creators: name: Gupta, Kumar S.
name: Harikumar, E.
name: de Queiroz, Amilcar R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a Dirac type modification of the xp-model to a $x \slashed{p}$ model on a semi-infinite cylinder. This model is inspired by recent work by Sierra et al on the xp-model on the half-line. Our model realizes the Berry-Keating conjecture on the Riemann zeros. We indicate the connection of our model to that of gapped graphene with a supercritical Coulomb charge, which might provide a physical system for the study of the zeros of the Riemann Zeta function.
description: 5 pages, two-column, substantial modification to the text, new equations added
Stability of tardyons and tachyons in the rotating and expanding Universe
Creators: name: Konoplya, R. A.
name: Zhidenko, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the present paper we analyze the spectrum of quasinormal modes for massive scalar and Dirac fields, allowing for both tardyonic ($μ^2 >0$) and tachyonic ($μ^2 <0$) masses, in the expanding and rotating cosmological background. The spectrum found shows a number of peculiar features, which are absent in the Minkowski space-time. A hypothetical particle that moves faster than light, \emph{a tachyon}, is known to be classically unstable in the Minkowski space-time. This instability has its analog at the quantum level: small vacuum fluctuations of the field lead to the unbounded growth of the amplitude, so that the appearance of the real tachyons in the spectrum means that there is catastrophic instability in the theory. It has been conjectured a long time ago that possibly the lightest particles with nonzero mass, the neutrino, may be a tachyon. Here we shall show that in the rotating and expanding Universe tachyons are stable if their mass is less than some constant, which is related to the Universe's rotation and expansion scales. The current upper bound on the rotation scale gives us a very small upper bound on the tachyon's mass which is many orders less than the mass of the electron. This might explain why only very light particles have the chance of becoming tachyons. It is shown that the spectrum of the "normal" ($μ^2 >0$) Dirac field has a discontinuity as a function of the z-component of the wave vector $k_z$ at $k_z = 0$. Keywords: OPERA, superluminal neutrino.
description: 8 pages, revtex
Relativistic oscillator model with spin for nucleon resonances
Creators: name: Kulikov, D. A.
name: Uvarov, I. V.
name: Yaroshenko, A. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The relativistic three-body problem is approached via the extension of the SL(2,C) group to the Sp(4,C) one. In terms of Sp(4,C) spinors, a Dirac-like equation with three-body kinematics is composed. After introducing the linear in coordinates interaction, it describes the spin-1/2 oscillator. For this system, the exact energy spectrum is derived and then applied to fit the Regge trajectories of baryon N-resonances in the (E^2,J) plane. The model predicts linear trajectories at high total energy E with some form of nonlinearity at low E.
description: 13 pages, 2 figures, 1 table
Pulmonales kapilläres Blutvolumen und Membrankomponente der pulmonalen Diffusionskapazität bei Patienten mit idiopathischen interstitiellen Lungenparenchymerkrankungen und granulomatösen Lungenerkrankungen
Creators: name: Hachenberg, Kerstin Johanna
Publisher: name: Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Lungenkrankheit
subject: Lungenfunktionsprüfung
subject: 616.240754

description: Diese Arbeit betrachtet die Veränderungen der Diffusionskapazität und die Einflüsse ihrer Teilkomponenten, der Membrankomponente Dm und dem pulmonalen kapillären Blutvolumen, bei Patienten interstitiellen Lungenparenchymerkrankungen und granulomatösen Lungenerkrankungen, repräsentiert durch die pulmonale Sarkoidose. Zur Ermittlung der Werte kam zusätzlich Stickstoffmonoxid (NO) in der Lungenfunktionstestung zur Anwendung. Es wurden die Daten von 102 Patienten in einer Querschnittsstudie untersucht. Es zeigte sich eine Einschränkung der Diffusionskapazität. Das pulmonale kapilläre Blutvolumen Vc war insgesamt deutlich reduziert. Eine Verminderung der jeweiligen Teilkomponenten korrelierte positiv mit einer Abnahme der Forcierten Exspiratorischen Vitalkapazität. Im Vergleich war das pulmonale kapilläre Blutvolumen Vc stärker eingeschränkt als der Membranfaktor Dm. In beiden Krankheitsbildern zeigen sich strukturelle Veränderungen des pulmonalen Kapillarbetts, die zu einer relevanten funktionellen Einschränkung der Lungenfunktion führten. Die anhand der Lungenfunktionstestung erhobenen Daten unterstützen nur teilweise bereits bestehende pathomorphologische Modelle. Die Untersuchungen zeigten eine Differenz zwischen der Diffusionskapazität für CO (DLCO) und NO (DLNO). Es konnte bestätigt werden, dass eine Verminderung der Diffusionskapazität in der Messung mit NO sensitiver zu ermitteln ist. Dies könnte relevant für die Schweregradeinteilung von Lungenparenchymerkrankungen sein.
Untersuchungen der funktionellen Beziehung zwischen dem vestibulären System und zugehörigen Hirnstrukturen bei Patienten mit chronischer uni- oder bilateraler Vestibulopathie
Creators: name: Sulzer, Sabrina
Publisher: name: Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Gleichgewichtsstörung
subject: Hippocampus
subject: 612.8252

description: In vorausgegangen Studien konnten Verbindungen zwischen dem vestibulären System und Gehirnstrukturen des medialen Temporallappens, insbesondere des Hippocampus und Parahippocampus festgestellt werden. Diese Studien zeigten, dass Patienten mit einer Beeinträchtigung der vestibulären Funktion eine funktionelle und strukturelle Veränderung in den genannten Hirnstrukturen aufweisen, welche für die Orientierung im Raum und das räumliche Gedächtnis wesentlich sind. Die Ergebnisse der vorliegenden Dissertation dienen dem weiteren Verständnis über die vestibulo-hippocampalen Zusammenhänge, in dem Patienten mit chronischer uni- oder bilateraler Vestibulopathie mit gesunden Kontrollprobanden in einer Querschnittsstudie verglichen wurden. Die Ergebnisse deuten auf eine Dissoziation von Struktur und Funktion hin: Während bei den Gehirnstrukturen keine Gruppenunterschiede festzustellen waren, schnitten die Vestibulopathie- Patienten in allen Aufgaben, die einen vestibulären Input erfordern, also bei der klinischen Gleichgewichtsprüfung, bei der Pfadintegration und beim Rotationsgedächtnis, schlechter ab als die Kontrollen. Kognitive Leistungen, die keinen vestibulären Input erfordern, waren hingegen nicht beeinträchtigt. Limitationen der Untersuchung waren die relativ kleine Gruppengröße und die Heterogenität des Patientenkollektivs, das unterschiedlich schwere Krankheitsausprägungen aufwies. Dennoch können die Ergebnisse genutzt werden, um Interventionsstudien zu planen, bei denen neben klassischer Physiotherapie auch Übungen höherer vestibulärer Funktionen (z.B. Pfadintegration) für Patienten mit Vestibulopathie integriert werden.
Der Wandel der medizinischen Versorgung in Sachsen-Anhalt nach der Vereinigung von Ost- und Westdeutschland 1990 im Spiegel ärztlicher Berufsbiographien
Creators: name: Fink, Louisa Marie
Publisher: name: Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medizinische Versorgung
subject: Sachsen-Anhalt
subject: 610.695

description: Kritische Diskurse wie „Ökonomisierung der Medizin“ belegen: es gab und gibt fortwährend Veränderungsprozesse im Gesundheitswesen. Für die zukünftigen Herausforderungen lohnt ein Blick auf frühere Transformationsprozesse. Dieser Beitrag untersucht, wie Ärzte1 in Sachsen-Anhalt die Transformationsprozesse im Gesundheitswesen nach 1990 wahrnahmen und wie sie mit den einhergehenden Veränderungen umgingen. Es wurden 10 berufsbiographisch-leitfadengestützte Interviews mit Ärzten, die im Zeitraum zwischen 1989 und 1994 in Sachsen-Anhalt ärztlich tätig waren, geführt. Die Interviews wurden mit der Inhaltsanalyse nach Mayring (Mayring 2007) ausgewertet. In den Ergebnissen zeigten sich drei große Themenbereiche, die von den Interviewpartnern angesprochen wurden: die Wahrnehmung der Änderungen von Rahmen und Strukturen im Zuge der Wende, die Wahrnehmung der Evaluierungsprozesse und der westdeutschen Dominanz und Einflüsse der Wende auf die Arztrolle. Die verschiedenen Themenbereiche wurden ambivalent geschildert: Neue medizinische Möglichkeiten vs. Unsicherheiten, z.B. beim Gang in die eigene Niederlassung, vielseitige Unterstützungsleistungen vs. wahrgenommene Kolonialisierung und umstrittene Evaluierungen im Hochschulbereich, wahrgenommene Deprofessionalisierung der ärztlichen Rolle vs. Wahrnehmung konstanter, die Zeiten überdauernder Merkmale ärztlichen Handelns (z.B. Gleichbleiben der grundlegenden medizinischen Tätigkeit, Motivation und Arbeitsethos). Das Ziel, die medizinische Versorgung während der Transformationsprozesse zu gewährleisten, wurde erreicht. Auch die interviewten Ärzte konnten beruflich alle bestehen. Ärztlicherseits waren allerdings Anpassungsleistungen erforderlich, wie z.B. eine neue ökonomische Orientierung in der Rolle des Arztes.
Analysis of european stock returns: evidence of a new risk factor
Creators: name: Cesari, Riccardo
name: Freo, Marzia
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2003
Subjects: SECS-S/03 Statistica economica

description: Due to increasing importance of industry diversification we analyse the sector risk structure of European stock markets. The presence of a new factor correlated to the new economy statistically explains returns variability in recent years
Beyond Sentiment: The Manifold of Human Emotions
Creators: name: Kim, Seungyeon
name: Li, Fuxin
name: Lebanon, Guy
name: Essa, Irfan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Sentiment analysis predicts the presence of positive or negative emotions in a text document. In this paper we consider higher dimensional extensions of the sentiment concept, which represent a richer set of human emotions. Our approach goes beyond previous work in that our model contains a continuous manifold rather than a finite set of human emotions. We investigate the resulting model, compare it to psychological observations, and explore its predictive capabilities. Besides obtaining significant improvements over a baseline without manifold, we are also able to visualize different notions of positive sentiment in different domains.
description: 15 pages, 7 figures
Estimating a stochastic volatility model for DAX-Index options
Creators: name: Freo, Marzia
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2003
Subjects: SECS-S/01 Statistica
SECS-S/03 Statistica economica

description: The paper examines alternative strategies for pricing and hedging options on German DAX-index. To this purpose an affine stochastic volatility model is estimated directly on objective probability system through a three step approach. Errors obtained by the implementation of the stochastic volatility model and Black and Scholes with different historical and implied volatility measures are compared and the performance is evaluated in terms of out-of-sample pricing and hedging. The results for DAX-index options market support the estimation on the affine stochastic volatility model in pricing as well as in hedging procedures.
Modelling nonlocal electrodynamics in superconducting films: The case of a concave corner
Creators: name: Vestgarden, J. I
name: Johansen, T. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider magnetic flux penetration in a superconducting film with a concave corner. Unlike convex corners, where the current flow pattern is easily constructed from Bean's critical state model, the current flow pattern at a concave corner is highly nontrivial. To address the problem, we do a numerical flux creep simulation, where particular attention is paid to efficient handling of the non-local electrodynamics, characteristic of superconducting films in the transverse geometry. We find that the current stream lines at the concave corner are close to circular, but the small deviation from exact circles ensure that the electric field is finite and continuous. Yet, the electric field is, as expected, very high at the concave corner. At low fields, the critical state penetration is deeper from the concave corner than from the straight edges, which is a consequence of the electrodynamic non-locality. A magneto-optical experiment on a YBCO displays an almost perfect match with the magnetic flux distribution from the simulation, hence verifying the necessity of including electrodynamic non-locality in the modelling of superconducting thin films.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures
A Comparison of Forecasting Volatility Strategies into ARCH Class through Option Pricing
Creators: name: Freo, Marzia
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2003
Subjects: SECS-S/03 Statistica economica

description: Daily data on the German market index return are used to consider multiple issues in a forecasting comparison of ARCH-type specifications. first, attention is paid to the impact of different sample sizez, different horizons and fitting of historical versus implied data. Secondly, the issue of volatility transmission is addressed by modelling French and Germany market indexes into simultaneous conditionally heteroskedasticity framework. Errors obtained by updating the Black and Scholes formula with the different volatility forecasts are compared. The findings support, if no implied volatility is available, the use of the simplest GARCH specification estimated on short recent sample.
Security of a new two-way continuous-variable quantum key distribution protocol
Creators: name: Sun, Maozhu
name: Peng, Xiang
name: Shen, Yujie
name: Guo, Hong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The original two-way continuous-variable quantum-key-distribution (CV QKD) protocols [S. Pirandola, S. Mancini, S. Lloyd, and S. L. Braunstein, Nature Physics 4, 726 (2008)] give the security against the collective attack on the condition of the tomography of the quantum channels. We propose a family of new two-way CV QKD protocols and prove their security against collective entangling cloner attacks without the tomography of the quantum channels. The simulation result indicates that the new protocols maintain the same advantage as the original two-way protocols whose tolerable excess noise surpasses that of the one-way CV-QKD protocol. We also show that all sub-protocols within the family have higher secret key rate and much longer transmission distance than the one-way CV-QKD protocol for the noisy channel.
description: 19 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in International Journal of Quantum Information
Asymptotic theory of cepstral random fields
Creators: name: McElroy, Tucker S.
name: Holan, Scott H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Random fields play a central role in the analysis of spatially correlated data and, as a result, have a significant impact on a broad array of scientific applications. This paper studies the cepstral random field model, providing recursive formulas that connect the spatial cepstral coefficients to an equivalent moving-average random field, which facilitates easy computation of the autocovariance matrix. We also provide a comprehensive treatment of the asymptotic theory for two-dimensional random field models: we establish asymptotic results for Bayesian, maximum likelihood and quasi-maximum likelihood estimation of random field parameters and regression parameters. The theoretical results are presented generally and are of independent interest, pertaining to a wide class of random field models. The results for the cepstral model facilitate model-building: because the cepstral coefficients are unconstrained in practice, numerical optimization is greatly simplified, and we are always guaranteed a positive definite covariance matrix. We show that inference for individual coefficients is possible, and one can refine models in a disciplined manner. Our results are illustrated through simulation and the analysis of straw yield data in an agricultural field experiment.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/13-AOS1180 the Annals of Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aos/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Superfield approach to nilpotent symmetries in 3D Jackiw-Pi model of massive non-Abelian theory
Creators: name: Gupta, S.
name: Kumar, R.
name: Malik, R. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the available literature, only the Becchi-Rouet-Stora-Tyutin (BRST) symmetries are known for the Jackiw-Pi model of the three (2 + 1)-dimensional (3D) massive non-Abelian gauge theory. We derive the off-shell nilpotent (s_{(a)b}^2 = 0) and absolutely anticommuting (s_b \,s_{ab} + s_{ab}\, s_b = 0) (anti-)BRST transformations s_{(a)b} corresponding to the usual Yang-Mills gauge transformations of this model by exploiting the "augmented" superfield formalism where the horizontality condition and gauge invariant restrictions blend together in a meaningful manner. There is a non-Yang-Mills (NYM) symmetry in this theory, too. However, we do not touch the NYM symmetry in our present endeavor. This superfield formalism leads to the derivation of an (anti-)BRST invariant Curci-Ferrari restriction which plays a key role in the proof of absolute anticommutativity of s_{(a)b}. The derivation of the proper anti-BRST symmetry transformations is important from the point of view of geometrical objects called gerbes. A novel feature of our present investigation is the derivation of the (anti-)BRST transformations for the auxiliary field ρfrom our superfield formalism which is neither generated by the (anti-)BRST charges nor obtained from the requirements of nilpotency and/or absolute anticommutativity of the (anti-)BRST symmetries for our present 3D non-Abelian 1-form gauge theory.
description: LaTeX file, 22 pages, 1 figure, journal reference is given
title: Summary statistics from - 'A genome-wide association meta-analysis of prognostic outcomes following cognitive behavioural therapy in individuals with anxiety and depressive disorders'
Creators: name: Rayner, Christopher
name: Eley, Thalia
name: Breen, Gerome
Publisher: name: King’s College London
Year: 2019
Subjects: GWAS summary statistics

description: GWAS summary statistics. Phenotype: symptoms following cognitive behavioural therapySample 1: Adults with anxiety disorders (n=972)Sample 2: Adults with major depressive disorder (n=832)Sample 3: Children with anxiety disorders (n=920)Sample 4: Meta-analysis sample (n=2,724)Geo/Spatial Coverage:for 'cbt_outcomes_gwa_meta_analysis_metal_results.txt' all participants were of White Western European ancestry (2019)for 'cbt_outcomes_adult_anx_loco_mlma_results.txt' data were collected from participants of White Western European ancestry from Germany or Sweden (2015)for 'cbt_outcomes_adult_mdd_loco_mlma_results.txt' data were collected from participants of White Western European ancestry from Sweden (2018)for 'cbt_outcomes_child_anx_loco_mlma_results.txt' data were collected from participants of White Western European ancestry from eleven sites across Europe, USA and Australia (2015)To visualise these summary statistics you can upload them to: https://fuma.ctglab.nl/
Spektro-elektrochemische Charakterisierung der Ethylenglycol-Oxidation an Platin- und Gold-basierten Katalysatoren
Creators: name: Schätz, Alice
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 540

description: Direkt-Alkohol-Brennstoffzellen, welche anstelle von Wasserstoff Alkohole wie Ethylenglycol (EG) nutzen, sind von Interesse, da die Brennstoffe aus nachwachsenden Rohstoffen gewonnen werden können. Ziel dieser Arbeit war ein besseres Verständnis der ablaufenden Prozesse an der Oberfläche von Platin- und Goldelektroden, während der elektrochemischen EG-Oxidation in saurer und basischer Elektrolytlösung. Spezielle Verfahren der in situ Infrarot-Spektroskopie wie die Einzelpotentialänderungs Infrarot-Reflexionsspektroskopie ermöglichen die Verfolgung elektrochemischer Vorgänge an der Katalysatoroberfläche und der umgebenden Elektrolytlösung. Die Ergebnisse der vorliegenden Arbeit können in drei Teile gegliedert werden. Der erste Teil befasst sich mit den apparativen Voraussetzungen für die durchgeführten Experimente, der zweite Teil mit der EG-Oxidation an Platin in saurer und der dritte Teil mit der EG-Oxidation an Platin und Gold in alkalischer Elektrolytlösung. Dabei konnte gezeigt werden, dass die Reaktion an Platin sowohl im Sauren als auch im Alkalischen über einen dualen Mechanismus aus dissoziativer Adsorption und direkter Oxidation von EG läuft und von Sauerstoffspezies an der Metalloberfläche abhängt, während bei Gold nur eine direkte Oxidation beobachtet werden kann.
description: Direct alcohol fuel cells, i.e. fuel cells employing alcohols like ethylene glycol (EG) instead of hydrogen, are of interest since their fuels can be derived from biomass. To understand the running process on the surface of a platinum and a gold electrode during the electrochemical EG-Oxidation in acidic and alkaline electrolyte solution was the aim of this work. Special in situ infrared spectroscopy methods like the single potential alteration infrared reflectance spectroscopy allow following the electrochemical reaction on the electrode surface and the surrounding electrolyte solution. The results of the present work can be divided into three main parts. The first part describe the development of the instrumental setup, the second part discuss the EG oxidation on platinum in an acidic electrolyte solution and the last part shows the results of the EG oxidation on platinum and gold in an alkaline electrolyte solution. The investigations explain the EG oxidation on platinum in an acid and alkaline electrolyte solution as dual mechanism with dissociative adsorption and direct oxidation of EG depending on oxygen species on the metal surface and the EG oxidation on gold only as direct oxidation of EG.
Deciphering the genetic basis of head rice yield, % chalkiness, grain dimension and different textural attributes to enhance food security along with different consumer preferences [Kumulative Dissertation]
Creators: name: Misra, Gopal
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 630

description: Mit Hilfe eines dichten Panels von SNP-Markern aus einer nicht erschlossenen natürlichen Population wurden mehrere QTLs für die Mahl- und Erscheinungsqualität identifiziert und feinkartiert. Populationsgenomik mit einem Multireferenzansatz, der verschiedene Teilpopulationen repräsentiert, half dabei, die Korrelation zwischen Phänotyp und Genotyp mit höherer Sicherheit zu identifizieren. Die Überlagerung signifikanter GWAS-Peaks mit Informationen über kollineare Blöcke zwischen verschiedenen Unterarten offenbarte die strukturellen Variationen innerhalb der für die Kornqualität wichtigen genetischen Regionen. Der unter Kontroll- und Feuchtigkeitsstressbedingungen untersuchte Kornertrag trug zur Identifizierung signifikanter Regionen für einen hohen und stabilen Kornertrag bei, der einen wichtigen Beitrag zur Mahlqualität leistet. Ein neues Kandidatengen, Kreide 5.1, wurde für die prozentuale Mürbigkeit des Korns identifiziert. Die Verwendung des Phänotyps der Kornform von gekochten Körnern half bei der Identifizierung einer neuen Region für die Form gekochter Körner. Darüber hinaus waren alle Texturattribute mit Ausnahme der Klebrigkeit nicht stark mit dem Amylosegehalt korreliert, was zu der Annahme führte, dass andere Texturattribute durch andere unabhängige genetische Regionen als die genetischen Regionen für den Amylosegehalt kontrolliert werden. Abschließend wurden Lücken in früheren Zuchtprogrammen durch Allel-Mining signifikanter Regionen in ausgewählten Zuchtpools identifiziert.
description: Several QTLs for milling and appearance quality were identified and fine-mapped by using a dense panel of SNP markers from an untapped natural population. Population genomics with a multi-reference approach representing different sub-populations helped to identify the correlation between phenotype and genotype with higher confidence. Overlaying of significant GWAS peaks with collinear blocks information between different sub-species revealed the structural variations within the vital genetic regions for grain quality. Head rice yield studied under control and moisture stress condition helped to identify significant regions for high and stable head rice yield, a major contributor to the milling quality. A novel candidate gene chalk 5.1 was identified for the percent grain chalkiness. Using grain shape phenotype of cooked grains helped to identify a novel region for cooked grain shape. Furthermore, all the textural attributes were not strongly correlated with amylose content except adhesiveness led to the idea that other textural attributes are controlled by independent genetic regions other than the genetic regions for amylose content. Finally, gaps were identified in past breeding programs through allele mining of significant regions in selected breeding pool.
Behavioural breaks in the heterogeneous agent model: the impact of herding, overconfidence, and market sentiment
Creators: name: Kukacka, Jiri
name: Barunik, Jozef
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: General Finance (q-fin.GN)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: The main aim of this work is to incorporate selected findings from behavioural finance into a Heterogeneous Agent Model using the Brock and Hommes (1998) framework. Behavioural patterns are injected into an asset pricing framework through the so-called `Break Point Date', which allows us to examine their direct impact. In particular, we analyse the dynamics of the model around the behavioural break. Price behaviour of 30 Dow Jones Industrial Average constituents covering five particularly turbulent U.S. stock market periods reveals interesting pattern in this aspect. To replicate it, we apply numerical analysis using the Heterogeneous Agent Model extended with the selected findings from behavioural finance: herding, overconfidence, and market sentiment. We show that these behavioural breaks can be well modelled via the Heterogeneous Agent Model framework and they extend the original model considerably. Various modifications lead to significantly different results and model with behavioural breaks is also able to partially replicate price behaviour found in the data during turbulent stock market periods.
title: Prisoners of War (East Central Europe)
title: Prisoners of War (East Central Europe)
Creators: name: Szlanta, Piotr
name: Richter, Klaus
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Weltkrieg [1914-1918]
subject: Kriegsgefangener
subject: World War, 1914-1918
subject: Prisoners of war

description: During the war, hundreds of thousands of East Central Europeans mobilised to the imperial armies of Austro-Hungary, Russia, and Germany were taken prisoner. Beyond the ordinary problems of POWs such as malnutrition, hunger, infectious diseases, insects, lack of suitable clothes, longing for family and friends, boredom, monotony of life, overcrowding, dirty quarters, mistreatment at times, and hard physical work, these POWs were exposed to intensive propaganda campaigns aimed to abandon loyalty to the state they served and join the voluntary units fighting on the side of their formal enemies to establish independent states.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
Process-Level Large Deviations for Nonlinear Hawkes Point Processes
Creators: name: Zhu, Lingjiong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60G55, 60F10

description: In this paper, we prove a process-level, also known as level-3 large deviation principle for a very general class of simple point processes, i.e. nonlinear Hawkes process, with a rate function given by the process-level entropy, which has an explicit formula.
description: 30 pages
title: Pre-war Societies (Ottoman Empire/Middle East)
title: Pre-war Societies (Ottoman Empire/Middle East)
Creators: name: Dannies, Kate
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Osmanisches Reich
subject: Untergang
subject: Geschichte 1908-1918
subject: Turkey--Politics and government--1909-1918

description: On the eve of World War I, Ottoman civil society was flourishing. New political freedoms, civic engagement, and enhanced participation by women in public life contributed to an optimistic and vibrant social milieu. This hopeful mood was overshadowed by the realization, increasingly difficult to ignore, that the Ottoman Empire was under threat, both externally from European powers seemingly intent on robbing territory and preserving Ottoman weakness, and internally, from restive minority groups of questionable loyalty. For this society in transition, war offered an opportunity to resolve these fundamental conflicts decisively.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
Points of small height on plane curves
Creators: name: Radzimski, Vanessa Elena
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: Let K be an algebraically closed field, and let C be an irreducible plane curve, defined over the algebraic closure of K(t), which is not defined over K. We show that there exists a positive real number c₀ such that if P is any point on the curve C whose Weil height is bounded above by c₀, then the coordinates of P belong to K.
Increasing productivity of barley cultivars using a wild barley introgression library in fields under nitrogen stress and diverse preceding crop combinations
Creators: name: Zahn, Sarah
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 630

description: Die moderne Landwirtschaft muss Produktionssteigerung mit einem ressourcenschonenden Einsatz von Wasser, Nährstoffen, Boden und Energie in Einklang bringen. Der gegenwärtige Genpool der Ackerkulturen weist jedoch nur eine eingeschränkte genetische Vielfalt auf. Eine Möglichkeit, die verminderte Anpassungsfähigkeit von Elitesorten an unterschiedliche Klimabedingungen und Anbauorte zu überwinden, besteht darin, durch Introgressionsstudien vorteilhafte Wildallele zu gewinnen. Die Verwendung von Introgressionsbibliotheken in Feldversuchen ermöglicht die Sammlung einer breiten Palette phänotypischer Informationen im Kontext unterschiedlichster Anbaufaktoren und -anforderungen. In dieser Studie wurde ein vierjähriger Praxisversuch durchgeführt, bei dem Gerstenintrogressionslinien der S42IL-Population verwendet und in verschiedenen Anbauregimen kombiniert wurden. Erste Einblicke in die Komplexität der QTL-Analyse im Feld verbunden mit verschiedenen Vorfruchtarten sowie Stickstoffdüngungen konnten mit Hilfe der vorliegenden Ergebnisse gewonnen werden.
description: Modern agriculture has to reconcile the demand for increasing efficiency and care of plants to efficiently use resources like water, nutrients, soil and energy. However, the current gene pool of arable crops shows only minimal genetic diversity. One way to overcome this reduced adaptability of elite cultivars to diverse climate conditions and cultivation sites is to gain advantages from including related wild alleles in breeding studies. Using introgression libraries in field trials enables the collection of a wide range of phenotypic information in the context of hands-on requirements while considering multiple cultivation factors. With this multi-environment trial, two field studies using barley introgression lines of the S42IL population under different cultivation regimes were conducted. With the help of the presented results first insights into the complex topic of combining different preceding crops and nitrogen fertilization for QTL analysis were gained.
Quality-by-Design inspired formulation of conjugated polymer nanoparticles as contrast agents and the assessment of optical imaging performance and biodistribution : Kumulative Dissertation
Creators: name: Neumann, Paul Robert
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 610

description: Für die Entwicklung eines potenziellen In-vivo-Diagnostikums auf der Grundlage einer Nanopartikelsuspension mit Fluoreszenz- und photoakustischen Eigenschaften ist es von entscheidender Bedeutung, nicht nur die In-vitro- und In-vivo-Bildgebungsleistung mit diesen beiden optischen Bildgebungsmodalitäten, sondern auch die pharmazeutischen Qualitätsanforderungen für parenterale, intravenöse Formulierungen zu erfüllen. Als konjugierte Polymere wurde entweder das bekannte PCPDTBT verwendet oder das neuartige vollständig borylierte PF8-BT (genannt P4). Die drei PCPDTBT-CPN-Formulierungen mit unterschiedlichen Nanopartikel-Architekturen, d. h. zwei PEG-PLGA-CPNs (matrixartige Nanopartikel) und ein phospholipidbeschichtetes CPN (Core-Shell Typ) sowie eine P4-PEG-PLGA-Formulierung, wurden während des Versuchszeitraums der vorliegenden Arbeit hinsichtlich ihrer Fluoreszenz- und photoakustischen Abbildungsleistung und ihrer In-vivo-Biodistribution verglichen.
description: For the development of a potential in vivo diagnostic agent based on a nanoparticle suspension with both fluorescence and photoacoustic properties, it is essential to be able to meet not only in vitro and in vivo imaging performance with these two optical imaging modalities, but also the most consistent pharmaceutical quality requirements for parenteral, intravenous formulations. The conjugated polymers used were either the well-known PCPDTBT or the novel fully borylated PF8-BT (called P4). The three PCPDTBT CPN formulations with different nanoparticle architectures, i.e. two PEG-PLGA CPNs (matrix-like nanoparticles) and one phospholipid-coated CPN (core-shell type) and one P4 PEG-PLGA formulation were compared over the experimental period of the present work with respect to their fluorescence and photoacoustic imaging performance and in vivo biodistribution.
Corporate governance and financial performance of agri-food enterprises in Russia : three essays
Creators: name: Tleubayev, Alisher
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 630

description: Diese Dissertation konzentriert sich auf die Analyse der Corporate Governance russischer Agrarunternehmen. Allgemeine Ziel der Arbeit ist es zu untersuchen, wie sich Corporate-Governance-Mechanismen auf die finanzielle Leistung der Agrarunternehmen in Russland auswirken können. Dissertation besteht aus fünf Kapiteln. Das erste Kapitel stellt den allgemeinen Hintergrund der Arbeit vor und skizziert die wichtigsten Forschungsfragen. Das zweite Kapitel enthält empirische Ergebnisse zum Zusammenhang zwischen der geschlechtsspezifischen Vielfalt des Vorstands eines Unternehmens und der Leistung bei 261 Unternehmen aus der russischen Lebensmittelindustrie. Kapitel 3 und 4 liefern Belege dafür, wie sich die Eigentümerstruktur und die Agroholding-Zugehörigkeit auf die Wirtschaftsleistung auswirken können, am Beispiel eines Panels bestehend aus 203 russischen Agrarunternehmen von 2012 bis 2017. Schließlich werden im Kapitel 5 allgemeine Schlussfolgerungen der Arbeit gegeben.
description: This Ph.D. thesis focuses on the analysis of the corporate governance of Russian corporate agri-food enterprises. The overall objective of the thesis is to investigate how corporate governance mechanisms may affect the financial performances of the corporate agri-food companies in Russia. The thesis consists of five chapters. The first chapter introduces the general background of the thesis and outlines its main research questions. The second chapter provides empirical findings on the relationship between board gender diversity and financial performance in the case of the 261 corporate enterprises from the Russian agri-food industry. The third and fourth chapters respectively, provide empirical evidences on how ownership structure and agroholding affiliation may impact the economic performance, in the case of a panel of 203 Russian agri-food enterprises from 2012 to 2017. Finally, general conclusions of the thesis are provided in chapter 5.