cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Sexual violence and traumatic identity change: evidence of collective post-traumatic growth
Creators: name: MULDOON, ORLA
name: Nigtingale, Alastair
name: Lowe, Robert
name: Griffin, Siobhan
name: McMahon, Grace
name: Bradshaw, Daragh
name: Borinca, Islam
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 52
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Recent research indicates that social identities play a crucial role in the connection between adversity, post-traumatic stress, and overall psychological well-being. Understanding of how trauma influences collective dimensions of the self, positively or negatively, is limited. This study focuses on analysing publicly accessible narratives of four women who chose to waive their anonymity after the conviction of the men who had attacked and sexually assaulted them in Ireland. Thematic analysis highlighted two themes that signal (i) collective dimensions to this personal trauma, (ii) attempts to reconstruct social identities in the aftermath of trauma. Women presented their experiences as having the potential to amplify positive connections with others despite the wider embedded sociocultural understanding of sexual assault. These changes were associated with redefinition of social identities. Discussion highlights the potential for personal and intimate trauma to result in positive social identity change; a phenomenon that we label collective post-traumatic growth.
Probing pre-inflationary anisotropy with directional variations in the gravitational wave background
Creators: name: Furuya, Yu
name: Niiyama, Yuki
name: Sendouda, Yuuiti
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform a detailed analysis on a primordial gravitational-wave background amplified during a Kasner-like pre-inflationary phase allowing for general triaxial anisotropies. It is found that the predicted angular distribution map of gravitational-wave intensity on large scales exhibits topologically distinctive patterns according to the degree of the pre-inflationary anisotropy, thereby serving as a potential probe for the pre-inflationary early universe with future all-sky observations of gravitational waves. We also derive an observational limit on the amplitude of such anisotropic gravitational waves from the B-mode polarisation of the cosmic microwave background.
description: 26 pages, 15 figures
Bifunctional poly(alkyleneoxides) with aminoalkyl and unsaturated termini and derivatives thereof US Pat. 11,236,200
Creators: name: Arkles, Barry C
name: Goff, Jonathan D.
name: Gonzaga, Ferdinand
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Functional PEG Polymers
Heterobifunctional Polymers
Poly(ethylene oxides)
PEGylation

description: A heterofunctional poly(alkyleneoxide) according to the invention contains a first polymer terminus containing a protected, unprotected, or derivatized amine or aminoalkyl functionality and a second polymer terminus containing an unsaturated functionality. Reaction products, derivatives, and methods of making these materials are also described. An amide reaction product of an acid chloride with a composition formed by the hydrosilylation of a siloxane with a heterofunctional poly(alkyleneoxide) having a linear poly(alkyleneoxide) backbone and first and second polymer termini, wherein the first polymer terminus comprises a protected, unprotected, or derivatized aminoalkyl functionality and the second polymer terminus comprises an unsaturated functionality. keywords: amine terminated PEG; styryl terminated PEG; allyl terminated PEG.
Testing the topological nature of end states in antiferromagnetic atomic chains on superconductors
Creators: name: Schneider, Lucas
name: Beck, Philip
name: Rózsa, Levente
name: Posske, Thore
name: Wiebe, Jens
name: Wiesendanger, Roland
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Edge states forming at the boundaries of topologically non-trivial phases of matter are promising candidates for future device applications because of their stability against local perturbations. Magnetically ordered spin chains proximitized by an s-wave superconductor are predicted to enter a topologically non-trivial mini-gapped phase with zero-energy Majorana modes (MMs) localized at their ends. However, the presence of non-topological end states mimicking MM properties can spoil their unambiguous observation. Here, we report on a method to experimentally decide on the MM nature of end states observed for the first time in antiferromagnetic spin chains. Using scanning tunneling spectroscopy, we find end states at either finite or near-zero energy in Mn chains on Nb(110) or Ta(110), respectively, within a large minigap. By introducing a locally perturbing defect on one end of the chain, the end state on this side splits off from zero-energy while the one on the other side doesn't - ruling out their MM origin. A minimal model shows that, while wide trivial minigaps hosting such conventional end states are easily achieved in antiferromagnetic spin chains, unrealistically large spin-orbit couplings are required to drive the system into the topologically nontrivial phase with MMs. The methodology of perturbing chains by local defects is a powerful tool to probe the stability of future candidate topological edge modes against local disorder.
Photodetecting and Light-Emitting Devices Based on Two Dimensional Materials
Creators: name: Yu, Yuanfang
name: Miao, Feng
name: He, Jun
name: Ni, Zhenhua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two dimensional (2D) materials, e.g. graphene, transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), black phosphorus (BP), have demonstrated fascinating electrical and optical characteristics and exhibited great potential in optoelectronic applications. High performance and multifunctional devices were achieved by employing diverse designs of architectures, such as hybrid systems with nanostructured materials, bulk semiconductors and organics, forming 2D heterostructures. In this review, we mainly discuss the recent progresses of 2D materials in high responsive photodetectors, light-emitting devices and single photon emitters. Hybrid systems and van der Waals heterostructures based devices are emphasized, which exhibit great potential in state-of-the-art applications.
description: 31 pages, 11 figures, to appear in Chinese Physics B
Complete Nonrelativistic-QCD Prediction for Prompt Double $J/ψ$ Hadroproduction
Creators: name: He, Zhi-Guo
name: Kniehl, Bernd A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform a complete study of prompt double $J/ψ$ hadroproduction at leading order in the nonrelativistic-QCD factorization framework by including all possible pairings of the $c\bar{c}$ Fock states ${}^1\!S_0^{[8]}$, ${}^3\!S_1^{[1,8]}$, and ${}^3\!P_J^{[1,8]}$ with $J=0,1,2$. We find that the ${}^1\!S_0^{[8]}$ and ${}^3\!P_J^{[8]}$ channels of $J/ψ$ and $ψ^\prime$ production and the ${}^3\!P_J^{[1]}$ and ${}^3\!S_1^{[8]}$ channels of $χ_{cJ}$ production, which have been overlooked so far, greatly dominate at large invariant masses and rapidity separations of the $J/ψ$ pair, and that their inclusion nearly fills the large gap between previous incomplete predictions within the color-singlet model and the recent measurement by the CMS Collaboration at the CERN LHC, leaving room for next-to-leading-order corrections of typical size.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, matches journal version
Supplementary Material_Concurrent exercise training during pregnancy is related to more favourable maternal lipid levels when IL-8 increases
Creators: name: Acosta Manzano, Pedro Pablo
name: Flor-Alemany, Marta
name: van Poppel, Mireille Nm
name: Coll-Risco, Irene
name: Segura-Jiménez, Víctor
name: Stanford, Kristin I
name: Aparicio, Virginia A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Other biomedical and clinical sciences not elsewhere classified
Exercise physiology
Endocrinology
Sports medicine

description: Supplementary Material_Concurrent exercise training during pregnancy is related to more favourable maternal lipid levels when IL-8 increases
The effect of gaseous accretion disk on dynamics of the stellar cluster in AGN
Creators: name: Shukirgaliyev, Bekdaulet
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There is a supermassive black hole, a gaseous accretion disk and compact star cluster in the center of active galactic nuclei, as known today. So the activity of AGN can be represented as the result of interaction of these three subsystems. In this work we investigate the dynamical interaction of a central star cluster surrounding a supermassive black hole and a central accretion disk. The dissipative force acting on stars in the disk leads to an asymmetry in the phase space distribution of the central star cluster due to the rotating accretion disk. In our work we present some results of Stardisk model, where we see some changes in density and phase space of central star cluster due to influence of rotating gaseous accretion disk.
Attitudes towards saving and debt-taking behavior during first major flexibility on pandemic restrictions in Argentina
Creators: name: Fernandez Da Lama, Rocío Giselle
name: Brenlla, Maria Elena
Publisher: name: International Journal of Economic Behavior  (IJEB)
Year: 2023
Subjects: time perspective
economic psychology
saving
indebtedness
self-control
Individual differences

description: The aim of the study was to investigate the influence of time perspectives, sociodemographic and debt-taking behavior data on the attitudes towards saving in the Argentine population during major flexibilities in pandemic restrictions. The present study was online questionnaire-based. A total of 720 participants were recruited through snowball sampling method (447 women; 62.1%) between the ages of 18 and 65 years of age (M=34.37; SD=13.67). A sociodemographic and financial behavior was administered along with locally adapted version of the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory. It was found that future and past-negative time perspectives were positively related to some of the positive attitudes towards saving. Conversely, present-fatalistic, and present-hedonistic were positively related to negative saving attitudes. Debt-taking behavior was positively related to the difficultness on saving. Also, female participants showed more difficultness in saving than men. The research on economic psychology that contemplates time perspective theory is scarce, particularly in Argentina. This is the first study that highlights the importance of predominant time orientations on the analysis of saving behaviors.
description: International Journal of Economic Behavior (IJEB), Vol. 13 No. 1 (2023): International Journal of Economic Behavior
Supplementary Material_JCEM_Concurrent exercise training during pregnancy is related to more favourable maternal lipid levels when IL-8 increases
Creators: name: Acosta Manzano, Pedro Pablo
name: Flor-Alemany, Marta
name: van Poppel, Mireille Nm
name: Coll-Risco, Irene
name: Segura-Jiménez, Víctor
name: Stanford, Kristin I
name: Aparicio, Virginia A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Other biomedical and clinical sciences not elsewhere classified
Exercise physiology
Endocrinology
Sports medicine

description: Supplementary Material_JCEM_Concurrent exercise training during pregnancy is related to more favourable maternal lipid levels when IL-8 increases
A scale-coupled numerical method for transient close-contact melting
Creators: name: Boledi, Leonardo
name: Key, Fabian
name: Terschanski, Benjamin
name: Elgeti, Stefanie
name: Kowalski, Julia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a numerical workflow to model and simulate transient close-contact melting processes based on the space-time finite element method. That is, we aim at computing the velocity at which a forced heat source melts through a phase-change material. Existing approaches found in the literature consider a thermo-mechanical equilibrium in the contact melt film, which results in a constant melting velocity of the heat source. This classical approach, however, cannot account for transient effects in which the melting velocity adjusts itself to equilibrium conditions. With our contribution, we derive a model for the transient melting process of a planar heat source. We iteratively cycle between solving for the heat equation in the solid material and updating the melting velocity. The latter is computed based on the heat flux in the vicinity of the heat source. The motion of the heated body is simulated via the moving mesh strategy referred to as the Virtual Region Shear-Slip Mesh Update Method, which avoids remeshing and is particularly efficient in representing unidirectional movement. We show numerical examples to validate our methodology and present two application scenarios, a 2D planar thermal melting probe and a 2D hot-wire cutting machine.
Detection of complex nitrogen-bearing molecule ethyl cyanide towards the hot molecular core G10.47+0.03
Creators: name: Manna, Arijit
name: Pal, Sabyasachi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The studies of the complex organic molecular lines towards the hot molecular cores at millimeter and submillimeter wavelengths provide instructive knowledge about the chemical complexity in the interstellar medium (ISM). We present the detection of the rotational emission lines of the complex nitrogen-bearing molecule ethyl cyanide (C$_{2}$H$_{5}$CN) towards the chemically rich hot molecular core G10.47+0.03 using the Atacama Large Millimeter/Submillimeter Array (ALMA) band 4 observations. The estimated column density of C$_{2}$H$_{5}$CN towards the G10.47+0.03 is (7.7$\pm$0.5)$\times$10$^{16}$ cm$^{-2}$ with the high rotational temperature of 352.9$\pm$66.8 K. The estimated fractional abundance of C$_{2}$H$_{5}$CN with respect to H$_{2}$ towards the G10.47+0.03 is 5.70$\times$10$^{-9}$. We observe that the estimated fractional abundance of C$_{2}$H$_{5}$CN is similar to the existing three-phase warm-up chemical modelling abundance of C$_{2}$H$_{5}$CN. We also discuss the possible formation mechanism of C$_{2}$H$_{5}$CN towards the hot molecular cores, and we claim the barrierless and exothermic radical-radical reaction between CH$_{2}$ and CH$_{2}$CN is responsible for the production of low abundant of C$_{2}$H$_{5}$CN ($\sim$10$^{-9}$) in the grain surface of G10.47+0.03.
description: Published in Astrophysics and Space Science, 13 pages, 5 figures
Kohl, la CDU e la riunificazione tedesca
Creators: name: Jung, Franz Josef
Publisher: name: Studi Urbinati, A - Scienze giuridiche, politiche ed economiche
Year: 2023
Subjects: Kohl
Democristiani DDR
Riunificazione tedesca

description: L’azione di Kohl per il processo di unificazione. Il sostegno ai democristiani della Repubblica Democratica Tedesca e la vittoria di Alleanza per la Germania nelle prime elezioni dopo il crollo del Muro di Berlino, determinante per superare le diffidenze dei governi europei. Uno stile basato su dialogo e ducia personale. “Unificazione tedesca e unificazione europea sono due facce della stessa medaglia”. L’unità raggiunta senza che si sparasse un solo colpo: un evento eccezionale nella storia.
description: Studi Urbinati, A - Scienze giuridiche, politiche ed economiche, Vol. 74 (2023)
A non-equilibrium formulation of food security resilience
Creators: name: Smerlak, Matteo
name: Vaitla, Bapu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Economics (econ.GN)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Resilience, the ability to recover from adverse events ("shocks"), is of fundamental importance to food security. This is especially true in poor countries, where basic needs are frequently threatened by economic, environmental, and health shocks. An empirically sound formalization of the concept of food security resilience, however, is lacking. Here we introduce a general framework for quantifying resilience based on a simple definition: a unit is resilient if $(a)$ its long-term food security trend is not deteriorating and $(b)$ the effects of shocks on this trend do not persist over time. Our approach can be applied to any food security variable for which high-frequency time-series data is available, can accommodate any unit of analysis (e.g., individuals, households, countries), and is especially useful in rapidly changing contexts wherein standard equilibrium-based economic models are ineffective. We illustrate our method with an analysis of per capita kilocalorie availability for 161 countries between 1961 and 2011. We find that resilient countries are not necessarily those that are characterized by high levels or less volatile fluctuations of kilocalorie intake. Accordingly, food security policies and programs will need to be tailored not only to welfare levels at any one time, but also to long-run welfare dynamics.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures + appendix
O Aρχιεπίσκοπος Μακάριος και η πολιτική του ρίσκου (1955 – 1977)
Creators: name: Λουδοβίκου, Μαρία Ελένη Ν.
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2022
Subjects: Κυπριακό
Μακάριος
Ανεξάρτητη Κυπριακή Δημοκρατία
Πολιτική του ρίσκου
Cyprus Issue
Makarios
Independent Cyprus State
Politics of Risk

description: Η παρούσα εργασία εξετάζει την έννοια του ρίσκου στην πολιτική του Αρχιεπισκόπου Μακαρίου Γ᾽ μεταξύ των ετών 1955 και 1977 με βάση τις διαθέσιμες Κυπριακές αρχειακές πηγές. Πιο συγκεκριμένα επιχειρεί να δώσει μια οπτική της έννοιας του ρίσκου έτσι όπως το αντιλαμβανόταν, ή έδειχνε να το αντιλαμβάνεται ο Μακάριος, στο βαθμό που το επιτρέπουν οι διαθέσιμες ιστορικές πηγές. Υπό το πρίσμα αυτό, στην εργασία εξετάζονται ο Κυπριακός Αγώνας του 1955-1959, η Μεταβατική περίοδος προς την Ανεξαρτησία, η Πρώτη περίοδος της Ανεξάρτητης Κυπριακής Δημοκρατίας (1960-1963), τα Δεκατρία Σημεία, οι έννοιες του εφικτού και του ευκταίου, η Εκκλησιαστική κρίση του 1972, η πορεία προς το 1974 και η περίοδος μετά την εισβολή, μέχρι και τον θάνατο του Αρχιεπισκόπου Μακαρίου Γ᾽. Κατά τη διάρκεια των ετών αυτών επιχειρείται ο εντοπισμός και η ανάλυση των γεγονότων που αποκαλύπτουν την κατανόηση της έννοιας του ρίσκου στις πολιτικές δηλώσεις και κινήσεις του Αρχιεπισκόπου Μακαρίου Γ᾽, μιας έννοιας η οποία έχει αποδοθεί στην πολιτική Μακαρίου κατά τη διάρκεια της πολιτικής του πορείας.
description: This paper examines the concept of risk in the politics of Archbishop Makarios III between the years 1955 and 1977 based on the available Cypriot archival sources. More specifically, this paper tries to give a view of the concept of risk as Makarios perceived it, or seemed to perceive it, to the extent that the available historical sources allow. In this light, this work examines the Cyprus Struggle of 1955-1959, the Transition period towards Independence, the First period of the Independent Republic of Cyprus (1960-1963), the Thirteen Points, the concepts of the ‘efikton’ and ‘efkteon’ (feasible and desirable), the Ecclesiastical crisis of 1972, the path to 1974 and the period after the invasion, up to and including the death of Archbishop Makarios III. During these years, an attempt is made to identify and analyse the facts that reveal the understanding of the concept of risk in the political statements and movements of Archbishop Makarios III, a concept which has been attributed to Makarios' politics during his political career.
Tesi sui rapporti italo-tedeschi 1989-1990
Creators: name: Hoeres, Peter
Publisher: name: Studi Urbinati, A - Scienze giuridiche, politiche ed economiche
Year: 2023
Subjects: Riunificazione tedesca
Andreotti
Unità europea

description: Le affinità fra Germania e Italia costituivano il presupposto ideale per una interazione positiva all’indomani del crollo del Muro. Le ragioni per cui questa non riuscì pienamente. Andreotti non era per un rifiuto sostanziale della Germania riunificata, ma perseguiva tre obiettivi strategici: ritardare l’unità tedesca, negoziarla nell’ambito delle organizzazioni sovranazionali e congiungerla alla crescita dell’Europa unita.
description: Studi Urbinati, A - Scienze giuridiche, politiche ed economiche, Vol. 74 (2023)
The underlying driver for the \civ Baldwin effect in QSOs with $0
Creators: name: Ge, Xue
name: Bian, Wei-Hao
name: Jiang, Xiao-Lei
name: Liu, Wen-Shuai
name: Wang, Xiao-Feng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Broad emission lines is a prominent property of type I quasi-stellar objects (QSOs). The origin of the Baldwin effect for \civ $\lambda1549~$Å broad emission lines, i.e., the luminosity dependence of the \civ equivalent width (EW), is not clearly established. Using a sample of 87 low-$z$ Palomar-Green (PG) QSOs and 126 high-$z$ QSOs across the widest possible ranges of redshift ($0
description: 12 pages, 11 figures, accepted by MNRAS
Attractors and bifurcation diagrams in complex climate models
Creators: name: Brunetti, Maura
name: Ragon, Charline
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The climate is a complex non-equilibrium dynamical system that relaxes toward a steady state under the continuous input of solar radiation and dissipative mechanisms. The steady state is not necessarily unique. A useful tool to describe the possible steady states under different forcing is the bifurcation diagram, that reveals the regions of multi-stability, the position of tipping points, and the range of stability of each steady state. However, its construction is highly time consuming in climate models with a dynamical deep ocean, interactive ice sheets or carbon cycle, where the relaxation time becomes larger than thousand years. Using a coupled setup of MITgcm, we test two techniques with complementary advantages. The first is based on the introduction of random fluctuations in the forcing and permits to explore a wide part of phase space. The second reconstructs the stable branches and is more precise in finding the position of tipping points.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures, Supplemental Material, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. E
Start-to-end simulation with rare isotope beam for post accelerator of the RAON accelerator
Creators: name: Jin, Hyunchang
name: Jang, Ji-Ho
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The RAON accelerator of the Rare Isotope Science Project (RISP) has been developed to create and accelerate various kinds of stable heavy ion beams and rare isotope beams for a wide range of the science applications. In the RAON accelerator, the rare isotope beams generated by the Isotope Separation On-Line (ISOL) system will be transported through the post accelerator, namely, from the post Low Energy Beam Transport (LEBT) system and the post Radio Frequency Quadrupole (RFQ) to the superconducting linac (SCL3). The accelerated beams will be put to use in the low energy experimental hall or accelerated again by the superconducting linac (SCL2) in order to be used in the high energy experimental hall. In this paper, we will describe the results of the start-to-end simulations with the rare isotope beams generated by the ISOL system in the post accelerator of the RAON accelerator. In addition, the error analysis and correction at the superconducting linac SCL3 will be presented.
Eco-innovation in the UAE public sector: Investigating the role of Dynamic Capabilities for Environmental Sustainability
Creators: name: Abdulrahman, Noora
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2022
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: This thesis concerns eco-innovation implementation in the public sector. It analyses and investigates the relationship between dynamic capabilities and organization eco-innovation that affects sustainability performance. This study seeks to determine the impact of dynamic capabilities on eco-innovation and ultimately on organizational sustainability performance, specifically in public sector organizations. There is a lack of qualitative research on this topic and especially on the public sector of Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries. This research focuses on identifying dynamic capabilities at one of the United Arab Emirates (UAE) utility organizations, Dubai Electricity and Water Authority (DEWA), and how they work to shape ecoinnovation and sustainability performance at the organization. Concept mapping is used prior to data collection in order to understand the relationship between various concepts of innovation and dynamic capabilities in the literature. The data collection process focuses on two main sources: observation of processes and interviews with key stakeholders. In the data analysis phase, Dedoose software facilitated analytical coding after completing the data collection process. The Gioia (2004) methodological approach is used to guide the data analysis process. The findings of this research are reflected in the logic model describing five core variables of dynamic capability theory and how they interact to drive improved business performance and business image while also enhancing the ability of an organization to meet its innovation targets and improve sustainability performance. This research was published at the 28th Innovation and Product Development Management Conference (IPDMC).
Boost invariant spin hydrodynamics within the first order in derivative expansion
Creators: name: Biswas, Rajesh
name: Daher, Asaad
name: Das, Arpan
name: Florkowski, Wojciech
name: Ryblewski, Radoslaw
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Boost-invariant equations of spin hydrodynamics confined to the first-order terms in gradients are numerically solved. The spin equation of state, relating the spin density tensor to the spin chemical potential, is consistently included in the first order. Depending on its form and the structure of the spin transport coefficients, we find solutions which are both stable and unstable within the considered evolution times of 10 fm/c. These findings are complementary to the recent identification of stable and unstable modes for perturbed uniform spin systems described by similar hydrodynamic frameworks.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures. Comments are welcome
Adaptive quantum tomography
Creators: name: Straupe, Stanislav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide a review of the experimental and theoretical research in the field of quantum tomography with an emphasis on recently developed adaptive protocols. Several statistical frameworks for adaptive experimental design are discussed. We argue in favor of the Bayesian approach, highlighting both its advantages for a statistical reconstruction of unknown quantum states and processes, and utility for adaptive experimental design. The discussion is supported by an analysis of several recent experimental implementations and numerical recipes.
description: A short review for JETP Letters. 12 pages, 6 figures
Dynamic Modulation of the Transport Properties of the LaAlO3/SrTiO3 Interface Using Uniaxial Strain
Creators: name: Zhang, Fang
name: Fang, Yue-Wen
name: Chan, Ngai Yui
name: Lo, Wing Chong
name: Li, Dan Feng
name: Duan, Chun-Gang
name: Ding, Feng
name: Dai, Ji Yan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Among the interfacial transport modulations to the LaAlO3/SrTiO3 (LAO/STO) heterostructure, mechanical strain has been proven to be an effective approach by growing the LAO/STO films on different substrates with varying lattice mismatches to STO. However, this lattice-mismatch-induced strain effect is static and biaxial, hindering the study of the strain effect in a dynamic way. In this work we realize dynamic and uniaxial strain to the LAO/STO oxide heterostructure at low temperature, through mechanical coupling from a magnetostrictive template. This anisotropic strain results in symmetry breaking at the interface and induces further splitting of the electronic band structure and therefore produces different conductivities along the x and y in-plane directions. In particular, we observe that along the strained direction the interface conductivity decreases by up to 70% under a tensile strain, while it increases by 6.8% under a compressive strain at 2 K. Also, it is revealed that the modulation on the interfacial transport property can be anisotropic, i.e., the resistance changes differently when an excitation current is parallel or perpendicular to the strain direction. This approach of strain engineering provides another degree of freedom for control of transport properties of oxide heterostructures and opens an additional way to investigate strain effects in materials science.
description: 21 pages. 9 figures, main manuscript plus supporting information
Unjamming in models with analytic pairwise potentials
Creators: name: Kooij, Stefan
name: Lerner, Edan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The canonical models for studying the unjamming scenario in systems of soft repulsive particles assume pairwise potentials with a sharp cut-off in the interaction range. The sharp cut-off renders the potential non-analytic, but makes it possible to describe many properties of the solid in terms of the coordination number $z$, which has an unambiguous definition in these cases. Pairwise potentials without a sharp cut-off in the interaction range have not been considered in this context, but are of interest for understanding the relevance of the unjamming phenomenology to systems in which such a cut-off cannot be assumed. In this work we explore two systems with such interactions: an inverse power law and an exponentially decaying pairwise potential, with the control parameters being the exponent (of the inverse power-law) for the former and the number density for the latter. Both systems are shown to exhibit the characteristic features of the unjamming transition, among which are the vanishing of the shear to bulk modulus ratio and the emergence of an excess of low-frequency vibrational modes. We establish a relation between the hydrostatic pressure to bulk modulus ratio and the distance to unjamming in each of our model systems. This allows us to predict the dependence of other key observables on the distance to unjamming. Our results provide the means for a quantitative estimation of the proximity of generic glass forming models to the unjamming transition in the absence of a clear-cut definition of the coordination number, and highlight the general irrelevance of nonaffine contributions to the bulk modulus.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures
Andreotti, Kohl e la riunificazione della Germania
Creators: name: Scarano, Federico
Publisher: name: Studi Urbinati, A - Scienze giuridiche, politiche ed economiche
Year: 2023
Subjects: Andreotti
Kohl
DC
CDU

description: Andreotti e Kohl: grandi diversità e profonde affinità tra due protagonisti della storia europea. Gli stretti legami dello statista italiano con il mondo politico tedesco. Ereditata da De Gasperi la resistenza di Andreotti alla riunificazione della Germania, superata per il cambiamento dello scenario internazionale. L’aiuto di Andreotti a Peter Kohl in fin di vita per un incidente e la solidarietà del Cancelliere al leader italiano per le accuse dei magistrati di Palermo.
description: Studi Urbinati, A - Scienze giuridiche, politiche ed economiche, Vol. 74 (2023)
Let’s make fire! Experiences of ‘hands-on’ educational workshops for the dissemination of prehistory knowledge
Creators: name: Vaccaro, Serena
Publisher: name: Journal of Mediterranean Earth Sciences
Year: 2023

description: Make, touch, smell, identify, and collect the clues to piece together a story from the ancient past. What works and what doesn’t work, in the teaching of prehistory and human evolution? And how to adapt to an ever-changing audience? To answer these questions, scientists have devised a plethora of communication strategies, ranging from the ‘simple’ educational workshop to augmented reality technologies. Furthermore, it is not easy to touch the hominid and artifact replicas locked in the museum display cabinets. After carefully observing and accumulating opinions and experiences in schools, museums, public and private spaces, and after working with both children and adults, the empirical answer to the questions above is in the “hands-on” approach which allows to secure complex concepts through the activation of non-traditional cognitive processes. Lighting a fire with stones or sticks, painting with ocher and bird feathers, trying to chip or to ‘butcher’, and touching the skull of someone who lived in a very remote time, are just a few of the activities that can be proposed and that open new horizon and allow the non-specialist user to identify with them by putting into practice the “hands-on” approach. Finally, the ‘games’, the investigations built on stories that take their cues from the most up-to-date scientific news and that allow you to simulate, albeit in an extremely simple way, the work of the archaeologist or paleoanthropologist/ scientist, are all strategies and actions that can approach the ‘non-experts’ to the ancient past. This contribution presents the experiences conducted in various contexts and the different types of proposed interventions, all aimed at the more correct and scientific dissemination of what represents the cornerstone of scientific thought: human evolution.
description: Journal of Mediterranean Earth Sciences, Vol. 15 (2023): In progress
A sharp recovery condition for block sparse signals by block orthogonal multi-matching pursuit
Creators: name: Chen, Wengu
name: Ge, Huanmin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We consider the block orthogonal multi-matching pursuit (BOMMP) algorithm for the recovery of block sparse signals. A sharp bound is obtained for the exact reconstruction of block $K$-sparse signals via the BOMMP algorithm in the noiseless case, based on the block restricted isometry constant (block-RIC). Moreover, we show that the sharp bound combining with an extra condition on the minimum $\ell_2$ norm of nonzero blocks of block $K-$sparse signals is sufficient to recover the true support of block $K$-sparse signals by the BOMMP in the noise case. The significance of the results we obtain in this paper lies in the fact that making explicit use of block sparsity of block sparse signals can achieve better recovery performance than ignoring the additional structure in the problem as being in the conventional sense.
Machine-learning approach for discovery of conventional superconductors
Creators: name: Tran, Huan
name: Vu, Tuoc N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: First-principles computations are the driving force behind numerous discoveries of hydride-based superconductors, mostly at high pressures, during the last decade. Machine-learning (ML) approaches can further accelerate the future discoveries if their reliability can be improved. The main challenge of current ML approaches, typically aiming at predicting the critical temperature $T_{\rm c}$ of a solid from its chemical composition and target pressure, is that the correlations to be learned are deeply hidden, indirect, and uncertain. In this work, we showed that predicting superconductivity at any pressure from the atomic structure is sustainable and reliable. For a demonstration, we curated a diverse dataset of 584 atomic structures for which $λ$ and $ω_{\log}$, two parameters of the electron-phonon interactions, were computed. We then trained some ML models to predict $λ$ and $ω_{\log}$, from which $T_{\rm c}$ can be computed in a post-processing manner. The models were validated and used to identify two possible superconductors whose $T_{\rm c}\simeq 10-15$K at zero pressure. Interestingly, these materials have been synthesized and studied in some other contexts. In summary, the proposed ML approach enables a pathway to directly transfer what can be learned from the high-pressure atomic-level details that correlate with high-$T_{\rm c}$ superconductivity to zero pressure. Going forward, this strategy will be improved to better contribute to the discoveries of new superconductors.
Coherent control over three-dimensional spin polarization for the spin-orbit coupled surface state of Bi$_2$Se$_3$
Creators: name: Kuroda, Kenta
name: Yaji, Koichiro
name: Nakayama, M.
name: Harasawa, A.
name: Ishida, Y.
name: Watanabe, S.
name: Chen, C. -T.
name: Kondo, T.
name: Komori, F.
name: Shin, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Interference of spin-up and spin-down eigenstates depicts spin rotation of electrons, which is a fundamental concept of quantum mechanics and accepts technological challenges for the electrical spin manipulation. Here, we visualize this coherent spin physics through laser spin- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy on a spin-orbital entangled surface-state of a topological insulator. It is unambiguously revealed that the linearly polarized laser can simultaneously excite spin-up and spin-down states and these quantum spin-basis are coherently superposed in photoelectron states. The superposition and the resulting spin rotation is arbitrary manipulated by the direction of the laser field. Moreover, the full observation of the spin rotation displays the phase of the quantum states. This presents a new facet of laser-photoemission technique for investigation of quantum spin physics opening new possibilities in the field of quantum spintronic applications.
“Ci sono cose che è meglio non pronunciare in pubblico”. Helmut Kohl, Giulio Andreotti e il processo di riunificazione della Germania tra1989 e 1990
Creators: name: Schlie, Ulrich
Publisher: name: Studi Urbinati, A - Scienze giuridiche, politiche ed economiche
Year: 2023
Subjects: Europa
riunificazione tedesca
unione monetaria

description: La strategia di Kohl per superare le dif denze dei partner europei di fronte alla riunificazione. Sulla sicurezza in Europa le preoccupazioni di Andreotti che la vedeva legata al rispetto dell’Atto finale di Helsinki. Fra cordiale amicizia e profonde incomprensioni i rapporti fra i due statisti, fino al rasserenamento finale. La presidenza italiana delle conferenze intergovernative per l’unione monetaria e politica risposta ai timori di emarginazione di Roma.
description: Studi Urbinati, A - Scienze giuridiche, politiche ed economiche, Vol. 74 (2023)
Astronomia ex machina: a history, primer, and outlook on neural networks in astronomy
Creators: name: Smith, Michael J.
name: Geach, James E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this review, we explore the historical development and future prospects of artificial intelligence (AI) and deep learning in astronomy. We trace the evolution of connectionism in astronomy through its three waves, from the early use of multilayer perceptrons, to the rise of convolutional and recurrent neural networks, and finally to the current era of unsupervised and generative deep learning methods. With the exponential growth of astronomical data, deep learning techniques offer an unprecedented opportunity to uncover valuable insights and tackle previously intractable problems. As we enter the anticipated fourth wave of astronomical connectionism, we argue for the adoption of GPT-like foundation models fine-tuned for astronomical applications. Such models could harness the wealth of high-quality, multimodal astronomical data to serve state-of-the-art downstream tasks. To keep pace with advancements driven by Big Tech, we propose a collaborative, open-source approach within the astronomy community to develop and maintain these foundation models, fostering a symbiotic relationship between AI and astronomy that capitalizes on the unique strengths of both fields.
description: 75 pages, 327 references, 32 figures. Review accepted in Royal Society Open Science
Observation of the topological soliton state in the Su-Schrieffer-Heeger model
Creators: name: Meier, Eric J.
name: An, Fangzhao Alex
name: Gadway, Bryce
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Su-Schrieffer-Heeger (SSH) model, which captures the most striking transport properties of the conductive organic polymer $trans$-polyacetylene, provides perhaps the most basic model system supporting topological excitations. The alternating bond pattern of polyacetylene chains is captured by the bipartite sublattice structure of the SSH model, emblematic of one-dimensional chiral symmetric topological insulators. This structure supports two distinct nontrivial topological phases, which, when interfaced with one another or with a topologically trivial phase, give rise to topologically-protected, dispersionless boundary states. Using $^{87}$Rb atoms in a momentum-space lattice, we realize fully-tunable condensed matter Hamiltonians, allowing us to probe the dynamics and equilibrium properties of the SSH model. We report on the experimental quantum simulation of this model and observation of the localized topological soliton state through quench dynamics, phase-sensitive injection, and adiabatic preparation.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Big bang nucleosynthesis and early dark energy in light of the EMPRESS $Y_p$ results and the $H_0$ tension
Creators: name: Takahashi, Tomo
name: Yamashita, Sora
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent measurement of the primordial $^4$He abundance $Y_p$ from EMPRESS suggests a cosmological scenario with the effective number of neutrino species deviated from the standard value and non-zero lepton asymmetry. We argue that the extension of the standard cosmological model would be more demanded when the Hubble tension is taken into account, in which derived baryon density could be somewhat higher than the standard $Λ$CDM framework. We also discuss the issue by assuming early dark energy whose energy density can have a sizable fraction at the epoch of big bang nucleosynthesis. We show that the existence of early dark energy can reduce some tension implied by the EMPRESS $Y_p$ results.
description: 23 pages, 10 figures, references added and minor corrections
Validating induced seismicity forecast models - Induced Seismicity Test Bench
Creators: name: Kiraly-Proag, Eszter
name: Zechar, J. Douglas
name: Gischig, Valentin
name: Wiemer, Stefan
name: Karvounis, Dimitrios
name: Doetsch, Joseph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Induced earthquakes often accompany fluid injection, and the seismic hazard they pose threatens various underground engineering projects. Models to monitor and control induced seismic hazard with traffic light systems should be probabilistic, forward-looking, and updated as new data arrive. In this study, we propose an Induced Seismicity Test Bench to test and rank such models; this test bench can be used for model development, model selection, and ensemble model building. We apply the test bench to data from the Basel 2006 and Soultz-sous-Forêts 2004 geothermal stimulation projects, and we assess forecasts from two models: Shapiro and Smoothed Seismicity (SaSS) and Hydraulics and Seismics (HySei). These models incorporate a different mix of physics-based elements and stochastic representation of the induced sequences. Our results show that neither model is fully superior to the other. Generally, HySei forecasts the seismicity rate better after shut-in, but is only mediocre at forecasting the spatial distribution. On the other hand, SaSS forecasts the spatial distribution better and gives better seismicity rate estimates before shut-in. The shut-in phase is a difficult moment for both models in both reservoirs: the models tend to underpredict the seismicity rate around, and shortly after, shut-in.
description: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/2016JB013236/abstract
Efficient low temperature simulations for fermionic reservoirs with the hierarchical equations of motion method: Application to the Anderson impurity model
Creators: name: Dan, Xiaohan
name: Xu, Meng
name: Stockburger, J. T.
name: Ankerhold, J.
name: Shi, Qiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The hierarchical equations of motion (HEOM) approach is an accurate method to simulate open system quantum dynamics, which allows for systematic convergence to numerically exact results. To represent the effects of the bath, the reservoir correlation functions are usually decomposed into the summation of multiple exponential terms in the HEOM method. Since the reservoir correlation functions become highly non-Markovian at low temperatures or when the bath has complex band structures, a present challenge is to obtain accurate exponential decompositions that allow efficient simulation with the HEOM. In this work, we employ the barycentric representation to approximate the Fermi function and hybridization functions in the frequency domain. The new method, by approximating these functions with optimized rational decomposition, greatly reduces the number of basis functions in decomposing the reservoir correlation functions, which further allows the HEOM method to be applied to ultra-low temperature and general bath structures. We demonstrate the efficiency, accuracy, and long-time stability of the new decomposition scheme by applying it to the Anderson impurity model (AIM) in the low-temperature regime with the Lorentzian and tight-binding hybridization functions.
description: 43 pages, 14 figures