cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
UPDATE: Do moral messages increase cooperation? Morality as Cooperation and minimizing the threat of infection during COVID-19 pandemic
Creators: name: Misiak, Michał
name: Tureček, Petr
name: Curry, Oliver
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Cooperation
subject: COVID-19
subject: Morality
subject: Morality as Cooperation
subject: Persuasion
subject: SARS-CoV-2

description: This is the update of the previous registration of this project: https://osf.io/qrjxe After conducting a pilot study, we found several ways to improve our study. We also conducted another pilot study to verify the updated version of our project. Below we list the changes we made to the previous pre-registration and we describe the results of the pilot study.
Measurement of absorption and charge exchange of $π^+$ on carbon
Creators: name: Ieki, K.
name: Guerra, E. S. Pinzon
name: Berkman, S.
name: Bhadra, S.
name: Cao, C.
name: de Perio, P.
name: Hayato, Y.
name: Ikeda, M.
name: Kanazawa, Y.
name: Kim, J.
name: Kitching, P.
name: Mahn, K.
name: Nakaya, T.
name: Nicholson, M.
name: Olchanski, K.
name: Rettie, S.
name: Tanaka, H. A.
name: Wilking, M. J.
name: Tobayama, S.
name: Yamauchi, T.
name: Yen, S.
name: Yokoyama, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The combined cross section for absorption and charge exchange interactions of positively charged pions with carbon nuclei for the momentum range 200 MeV/c to 300 MeV/c have been measured with the DUET experiment at TRIUMF. The uncertainty is reduced by nearly half compared to previous experiments. This result will be a valuable input to existing models to constrain pion interactions with nuclei.
description: 29 figures, 7 tables. To be submitted to PRC
Replication of Fernbach, Rogers, Fox, & Sloman (2013): Additional attention check
Creators: name: Crawford, Jarret
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences

description: The three studies I have collected for this project have each yielded lower than anticipated failure rates for the embedded attention check (1% in Replication 1a; 1% in Replication 2; 7% in Replication 1b despite an attempt to make the attention check more rigorous). These are noticeably lower than the original studies (Study 2 with 21%; Study 3 with 9%; there was no reported attention check in Study 1). In order to be cautious and remove inattentive participants who may have passed the embedded manipulation check, I have reviewed participants' open-ended responses (i.e., their mechanistic explanations or reasons responses). In reviewing these open-ended responses, I identified participants for exclusion based on the following criteria: they left a response blank; they discussed the wrong political issue; they wrote something nonsensical and irrelevant to the question; their response was clearly copied and pasted from an online source; they used it as an opportunity to explain that they indicated their opinion incorrectly in one of the previous questions, and could not go back to correct the mistake. Based on these criteria, along with the embedded attention check, I excluded 15 out of 306 unique participants (4.90%) from Replication 1a, 43 out of 405 (10.62%) in Replication 1b, and 15 out of 343 (4.40%) in Replication 2. I will no re-analyze the data using these exclusion criteria, to determine whether the conclusions from the original set of analyses are altered on the bases of these further exclusions. I have no prediction regarding whether these further exclusions will alter the conclusions (which was that across the three studies, there was no evidence that people became less extreme after providing mechanistic explanations (particularly relative to providing reasons).
PHYSICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF CHITOSAN FLOCS AND ASSESSMENT OF MICROBIAL REDUCTIONS WITH THE USE OF CHITOSAN ACETATE AS A CLOTH FILTER AID
Creators: name: Oza, Hemali Harish
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2019

description: The World Health Organization estimates 2.1 billion people lack access to safely managed water. Cloth filtration is often employed in rural and developing communities within South Asia for point-of-use water treatment, but bacteria and viruses are too small for efficient removal by this method. Chitosan is a biodegradable, cationic, organic polymer derived from chemical treatment of chitin. Chitosan acts as a coagulant to agglomerate contaminant particles in water, thereby facilitating filtration of contaminants. This research 1) evaluated the use of chitosan acetate as a pre-treatment coagulation process followed by cloth filtration and 2) assessed floc particle size in three stirring conditions. E. coli KO11 bacteria and MS2 coliphage virus removals were quantified using culture-based methods. Chitosan acetate pre-treatment, followed by cloth filtration, meets the protective (2-star) WHO performance level for bacterial and viral reductions, and effluent turbidity is consistently reduced to < 1 NTU, meeting U.S. EPA and WHO targets.
The Sign Test, Paired Data, and Asymmetric Dependence: A Cautionary Tale
Creators: name: Hutson, Alan D.
name: Yu, Han
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: In the paired data setting, the sign test is often described in statistical textbooks as a test for comparing differences between the medians of two marginal distributions. There is an implicit assumption that the median of the differences is equivalent to the difference of the medians when employing the sign test in this fashion. We demonstrate however that given asymmetry in the bivariate distribution of the paired data, there are often scenarios where the median of the differences is not equal to the difference of the medians. Further, we show that these scenarios will lead to a false interpretation of the sign test for its intended use in the paired data setting. We illustrate the false-interpretation concept via theory, a simulation study, and through a real-world example based on breast cancer RNA sequencing data obtained from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA).
Axes of Subordination of Biracial Individuals: Biracial identities and stereotypic dimensions of foreignness and superiority
Creators: name: Garay, Maria
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences

description: In the United States, racial hierarchies and racial subordination have continuously occurred throughout its history. Stereotypes, which are generalized assumptions of social groups that people rely on to make quick judgments about individuals, often contribute to the racial subordination of racial minorities by Whites. While stereotypes have been known to cluster onto larger dimensions of warmth, status, competence, and competition, recent work has shown that racial stereotypes can be seen as having an underlying theme of inferiority/superiority (i.e., low class vs. high class job) and foreignness/Americanness (i.e., having an accent vs. no accent). However, stereotype content literature has yet to examine racial stereotypes of biracial groups and whether stereotypes of monoracial groups impact perceptions of biracials. Therefore, the current studies aim to examine how stereotypes of monoracial groups relating to superiority/inferiority and foreignness/Americanness impact the way biracial stereotypes are formed, providing implications for whether biracial groups are similarly subordinated as monoracial minority groups are.
Analytical problem solving based on causal, correlational and deductive models
Creators: name: de Mast, Jeroen
name: Steiner, Stefan H.
name: Nuijten, Wim P. M.
name: Kapitan, Daniel
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Many approaches for solving problems in business and industry are based on analytics and statistical modelling. Analytical problem solving is driven by the modelling of relationships between dependent (Y) and independent (X) variables, and we discuss three frameworks for modelling such relationships: cause-and-effect modelling, popular in applied statistics and beyond, correlational predictive modelling, popular in machine learning, and deductive (first-principles) modelling, popular in business analytics and operations research. We aim to explain the differences between these types of models, and flesh out the implications of these differences for study design, for discovering potential X/Y relationships, and for the types of solution patterns that each type of modelling could support. We use our account to clarify the popular descriptive-diagnostic-predictive-prescriptive analytics framework, but extend it to offer a more complete model of the process of analytical problem solving, reflecting the essential differences between causal, correlational and deductive models.
La pratica conservativa in contesti in rapido sviluppo tra restauro, ripristino e riqualificazione. Il Da Ming Palace National Heritage Park di Xi’an (Shaanxi, Cina)
Creators: name: Frenda, Antonio
Publisher: name: Restauro Archeologico
Year: 2015

description: In a context of rapid development such as the Chinese one, the policies of preservation of traditional architectural heritage weigh heavily, directly affecting the preservation of cultural heritage. The traditional historical buildings as well as the urban layout of the ancient city are constantly threatened by a modernisation which carries the image of miraculous economic boom. The Government believes that the restoration development projects in the ancient city must generate profit and believes as well in the symbolic importance of the new urban development projects.Cultural tourism has now been added to the main issues of development in China because it creates jobs and therefore fosters economic growth. These reasonings guide the projects concerning historical heritage, which are often carried out through operations of tabula rasa of entire urban contexts, wiping out stratifications and cancelling the spirit of places.
description: Restauro Archeologico, Vol. 23 No. 1 (2015)
Developing the pattern of ancient city of Tauric Chersonese valorisation: risks, values, identity
Creators: name: Snitko, Iryna
name: Veprytska, Kateryna
name: Lombardini, Nora
Publisher: name: Restauro Archeologico
Year: 2015

description: The ancient city of Tauric Chersonese is a significant ensemble of monuments included into the UNESCO world heritage list. The complexity of the site is represented by the diversity of its cultural, social, historical and religious meanings. Those meanings give the three types of values: archaeological, religious and touristic. These three relevancies present the ancient city of Tauric Chersonese as an important pattern of archaeological area that required a special attention, considering the three values in their specific character and, in the same time, in their concert. It is very important to create a pattern for valorisation and appreciation for this important place. As professionals, we must insist on the preservation and moreover, on the development of all the above-mentioned values. If we underline only one of the values, if we conserve only one of them, the monument will not be complete anymore and will therefore lose its authenticity. In this article the authors attempt to investigate the issues related to Tauric Chersonese and the possible benefits that could be gained though a suitable valorisation pattern.
description: Restauro Archeologico, Vol. 23 No. 1 (2015)
Terremoto e memoria: la chiesa di San Gregorio Magno all’Aquila. Indicazioni metodologiche per una ipotesi di ricostruzione
Creators: name: Marsugli, Francesca
Publisher: name: Restauro Archeologico
Year: 2015

description: The present work was developed during the International Competition for the Reconstruction of the Church of San Gregorio in L’Aquila (Italy). The Church of San Gregorio was destroyed during the earthquake that affected L’Aquila in 2009, causing repeated collapses of the central and lateral aisles in stone masonry while keeping the apse zone and the adjacent spaces intact. In addition to the seismic event, we must also consider the anthropic impact on the building which consists in the partial demolition of building elements for safety reasons. Through the analysis of case studies comparable with that of the Church of San Gregorio it was possible to propose a redesigning method based on the comparison with successful projects. After this data collection phase it was possible to elaborate a design solution that takes into account a virtual model reconstruction for proposing a draft-compatible project.
description: Restauro Archeologico, Vol. 23 No. 1 (2015)
A Quantitative and Qualitative Comparison of Online Media Coverage of Men's and Women's Collegiate Sports
Creators: name: Mascarella, Courtney
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2019

description: Research into official online content devoted to women's and men's collegiate sports has found some progress towards equitable coverage. The goal of this study is to determine whether such progress towards gender equity continues or is promoted by newer online forums. To answer these questions official online sports content from twelve "Power 5" schools was examined. The results indicate that men's sports and male athletes receive  moderately better coverage both in the quantity and quality of online content. In addition a trend analysis indicates that although there are some instances of apparent progress in this and past studies, no general progress towards gender equity is now evident. Future research suggested by this is to examine more schools and more sports for a longer period of time. This would allow a larger-scale trend analysis using consistent methodology.
Chinese Names with the Same Semantic Meaning, Stereotype Content, and Trust
Creators: name: Du, Xiaopeng
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Chinese Name
subject: fluency
subject: Stereotype Contents Model
subject: Trust

description: Our previous studies found that Chinese name recognizability had a significant effect on warmth rather than competence perception. Although both warmth perception and competence perception positively affect trust judgment, only warmth perception mediated the effect of name recognizability on trust decisions. Easier name holders were perceived warmer, which in turn were conferred more trust. However, it is reasonable to suspect that easy-to-recognize names may carry warmer semantic meanings than difficult-to-recognize names. Thus, people feel individuals with easy names as warmer. This pre-registration study aims to rule out this possibility.
Apparent Age Spreads in Clusters and the Role of Stellar Rotation
Creators: name: Niederhofer, F.
name: Georgy, C.
name: Bastian, N.
name: Ekström, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the Geneva Syclist isochrone models that include the effects of stellar rotation to investigate the role that rotation has on the resulting colour-magnitude diagram (CMD) of young and intermediate age clusters. We find that if a distribution of rotation velocities exists within the clusters, rotating stars will remain on the main sequence (MS) for longer, appearing to be younger than non-rotating stars within the same cluster. This results in an extended main sequence turn-off (eMSTO) that appears at young ages ($\sim30$~Myr) and lasts beyond 1~Gyr. If this eMSTO is interpreted as an age spread, the resulting age spread is proportional to the age of the cluster, i.e. young clusters ($<100$~Myr) appear to have small age spreads (10s of Myr) whereas older clusters ($\sim1$~Gyr) appear to have much larger spreads, up to a few hundred Myr. We compare the predicted spreads for a sample of rotation rates to observations of young and intermediate age clusters, and find a strong correlation between the measured 'age spread' and the age of the cluster, in good agreement with models of stellar rotation. This suggests that the 'age spreads' reported in the literature may simply be the result of a distribution of stellar rotation velocities within clusters.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Roman changes to the hill of Gareb in ‘Aelia Capitolina’ through a review of the archaeological data
Creators: name: Sabelli, Roberto
Publisher: name: Restauro Archeologico
Year: 2015

description: Following Jewish revolts, in 114-117 and 132-136 AD, the colony of Iulia Aelia Capitolina was founded by Publio Elio Traiano Adriano on the site of Jerusalem – Aelia in his honour and Capitolina because it was intended to contain a Capitol for the Romans – so as to erase Jewish and Christian memories. On the basis of the most recent research it is possible to reconstruct the main phases of transformation by the Romans of a part of the hill of Gareb: from a stone quarry (tenth century BC - first century AD) into a place of worship, first pagan with the Hadrianian Temple (second century AD) then Christian with the Costantinian Basilica (fourth century AD). Thanks to the material evidence, historical testimonies, and information on the architecture of temples in the Hadrianic period, we attempt to provide a reconstruction of the area where the pagan temple was built, inside the expansion of the Roman town in the second century AD, aimed at the conservation and enhancement of these important traces of the history of Jerusalem.
description: Restauro Archeologico, Vol. 23 No. 1 (2015)
Replication of Feng et al. (2013) at Brunel University London (CREP project number #20-26)
Creators: name: de Haan, Bianca
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: The purpose of this study is to replicate the original experiment conducted by Feng et al. (2013). This close replication takes place at Brunel University London in the context of a MSc dissertation project. This registration preregisters our data collection plan. For full details on this plan, see the Wiki for this project. This plan was approved by the Collaborative Replication and Education Project team on 15.07.2020. Data collection, which has not yet begun, is slated to start as early as 16.07.2020
The Bass-Jiang group for automorphism-induced HNN-extensions
Creators: name: Logan, Alan D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20E06, 20E26, 20E36, 20F28, 20F67

description: We use the Bass--Jiang group for automorphism-induced HNN-extensions to build a framework for the construction of tractable groups with pathological outer automorphism groups. We apply this framework to a strong form of a question of Bumagin--Wise on the outer automorphism groups of finitely presented, residually finite groups.
description: 22 pages. Final version
Black Box Variational Bayesian Model Averaging
Creators: name: Kejzlar, Vojtech
name: Bhattacharya, Shrijita
name: Son, Mookyong
name: Maiti, Tapabrata
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Computational Biology

description: For many decades now, Bayesian Model Averaging (BMA) has been a popular framework to systematically account for model uncertainty that arises in situations when multiple competing models are available to describe the same or similar physical process. The implementation of this framework, however, comes with a multitude of practical challenges including posterior approximation via Markov chain Monte Carlo and numerical integration. We present a Variational Bayesian Inference approach to BMA as a viable alternative to the standard solutions which avoids many of the aforementioned pitfalls. The proposed method is “black box” in the sense that it can be readily applied to many models with little to no model-specific derivation. We illustrate the utility of our variational approach on a suite of examples and discuss all the necessary implementation details. Fully documented Python code with all the examples is provided as well.
Push button reproduction attempt of a research claim from McDevitt, R. C., (2014), Journal of Political Economy
Creators: name: Talbert, Eli
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences

description: We selected the claim that those with names that begin with an A or a number receive more than five times as many complaints with the Better Business Bureau. This reflects the following statement from the paper's abstract: "…plumbers with A names advertise more in the Yellow Pages and on Google, and doing so is positively correlated with receiving complaints." Table 2 shows conditional summary statistics for plumbing firms operating in Illinois based on whether the firm does or does not use a name that begins with an A. A firm is considered to use a name that begins with an A or a number if at least one of its names begins with an A, a number, or a symbol. A firm’s complaints are the sum of complaints listed for its names, except when the Better Business Bureau has already aggregated complaints across a firm’s aliases. See the t-statistics shown in Table 2. Most notably, firms that use names beginning with an A or a number receive more than five times as many complaints overall. Plumbing firms that use a name beginning with an A or a number differ from other firms in many respects, as shown in Table 2. (Mean of the variable for Name Begins with A: No = 0.248 and Yes = 1.339 with a t-statistic of 6.79.) The focal test in the original paper is: Mean of the variable for Name Begins with A: No = 0.248 and Yes = 1.339 with a t-statistic of 6.79
On Arbitrarily Underdispersed Discrete Distributions
Creators: name: Huang, Alan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: We survey a range of popular generalized count distributions, investigating which (if any) can be arbitrarily underdispersed, that is, its variance can be arbitrarily small compared to its mean. A philosophical implication is that some models failing this simple criterion should not be considered as “statistical models” according to McCullagh’s extendibility criterion. Four practical implications are also discussed: (i) functional independence of parameters, (ii) double generalized linear models, (iii) simulation of underdispersed counts, and (iv) severely underdispersed count regression. We suggest that all future generalizations of the Poisson distribution be tested against this key property.
Theory on the mechanism of DNA renaturation: Stochastic nucleation and zipping
Creators: name: Niranjani, Gnanapragasam
name: Murugan, Rajamanickam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Subcellular Processes (q-bio.SC)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Renaturation of complementary single strands of DNA is one of the important processes that requires better understanding in the view of molecular biology and biological physics. Here we develop a stochastic dynamical model on the DNA renaturation. According to our model there are at least three steps in the renaturation process viz. incorrect-contact formation, correct-contact formation and nucleation, and zipping. Most of the earlier two-state models combined nucleation with incorrect-contact formation step. In our model we suggest that it is considerably meaningful when we combine the nucleation with the zipping since nucleation is the initial step of zipping and the nucleated and zipping molecules are indistinguishable. Incorrect-contact formation step is a pure three-dimensional diffusion controlled collision process. Whereas nucleation involves several rounds of one-dimensional slithering dynamics of one single strand of DNA on the other complementary strand in the process of searching for the correct-contact and then initiate nucleation. Upon nucleation, the stochastic zipping follows to generate a fully renatured double stranded DNA. It seems that the square-root dependency of the overall renaturation rate constant on the length of reacting single strands originates mainly from the geometric constraints in the diffusion controlled incorrect-contact formation step. Further the inverse scaling of the renaturation rate on the viscosity of the reaction medium also originates from the incorrect-contact formation step. On the other hand the inverse scaling of the renaturation rate with the sequence complexity originates from the stochastic zipping which involves several rounds of crossing over the free-energy barrier at microscopic levels.
description: 17 pages, 2 figures
The Great Defenders?: The Impact of Eurosceptics in Government on Youth Support
Creators: name: Greeson, Katja
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2019

description: The age gap in support for the European Union, wherein young people are more likely to support the EU, is a well-known phenomenon. However, little is known about how changing national political contexts moderate this effect, particularly in regard to increasing electoral success of Eurosceptic parties. The purpose of this article is to assess how the presence of Eurosceptic parties in government changes the tendency of young people to support integration and pro-EU parties. I also test whether the type of Eurosceptic party (GAL vs. TAN and “soft” vs. “hard”) in government matters. Based on a multilevel analysis of 2016 European Social Survey data for 18 countries, I conclude that young Europeans are more likely to support the EU and pro-EU parties in countries where the Eurosceptic party in office is a TAN or “hard” Eurosceptic party.
Alcune riflessioni sulla conservazione e valorizzazione degli antichi edifici ludici e teatrali gallo-romani
Creators: name: Romeo, Emanuele
Publisher: name: Restauro Archeologico
Year: 2015

description: The french archaeological heritage of the classical age has been subject to phenomena that have caused either its abandonment or the continuation of its use, its transformation or the loss of its integrity. In particular, theatres, amphitheatres and circuses are often now in ruins after experiencing seasons of transformation, conversion to new uses and restoration: processes that have ensured the survival of these buildings through a continuous integration in urban activities. Based on these premises, the paper presents the results of a research aimed to the preservation of this heritage, suggesting strategies for its valorization that, in accordance with the requirements of the contemporary world, propose a project for fruition that must be compatible with such goods.
description: Restauro Archeologico, Vol. 23 No. 1 (2015)
FAILED INTEGRATION? GERMAN AND AMERICAN-TURKISH VOTING PATTERNS: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS
Creators: name: Bohrn, Brandon Ivan
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2019

description: Recent Turkish referendum (2017) and electoral votes (2018) have produced drastically different results from Turkish diasporas abroad – Germany and the United States especially. The results in Germany have caused German media sources and politicians to target integration as the main cause for its Turkish diaspora’s support of President Erdogan and the AKP. In order to address this apparent connection, this paper will conduct a comparative analysis between the German and US Turkish diasporas using two schools of voting behavior theory. Specifically, the analysis will consider both communities in regard to the sociological (class structure; education; geographic cleavages) and psychological (sense of belonging; citizenship) schools in order to explore potential connections to voting behavior and establish a foundation upon which further research can be conducted.
Le rovine dell’Avana tra realtà e finzione
Creators: name: Gastaldi, Viola
Publisher: name: Restauro Archeologico
Year: 2015

description: The morphology of the city of Havana is characterized by a unique architectural configuration that exerts a strong influence on the lives of its inhabitants. This reality can be seen through the eyes of various Cuban writers that emphasize many paradoxical aspects of the habanero’s life, who finds himself living daily amongst beauty and decay; aspects that, amazingly, manage to coexist in many of the ruined buildings of Habana Vieja and Centro Habana, the two districts of the historical city centre. The goal of this work is to extrapolate the specific element of the ‘ruin’ from a selection of contemporary Cuban literature and to present the connection to the people, nature and symbolism that the ruin takes on at a societal level, both as an entity in itself, as well as in connection with the city of Havana as a whole.
description: Restauro Archeologico, Vol. 23 No. 1 (2015)
NGC 6139: a normal massive globular cluster or a first-generation dominated cluster? Clues from the light elements
Creators: name: Bragaglia, A.
name: Carretta, E.
name: Sollima, A.
name: Donati, P.
name: D'Orazi, V.
name: Gratton, R. G.
name: Lucatello, S.
name: Sneden, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Information on globular clusters (GC) formation mechanisms can be gathered by studying the chemical signature of the multiple populations that compose these stellar systems. In particular, we are investigating the anticorrelations among O, Na, Al, and Mg to explore the influence of cluster mass and environment on GCs in the Milky Way and in extragalactic systems. We present here the results obtained on NGC 6139 which, on the basis of its horizontal branch morphology, had been proposed to be dominated by first-generation stars. In our extensive study based on high resolution spectroscopy, the first for this cluster, we found a metallicity of [Fe/H]= -1.579 +/- 0.015 +/- 0.058 (rms=0.040 dex, 45 bona fide member stars) on the UVES scale defined by our group. The stars in NGC 6139 show a chemical pattern normal for GCs, with a rather extended Na-O (and Mg-Al) anticorrelation. NGC 6139 behaves like expected from its mass and contains a large fraction (about two thirds) of second-generation stars.
description: Accepted for publication on A&A
Push button reproduction attempt of a research claim from Victor Menaldo, (2016), in American Journal of Political Science
Creators: name: Tutor, Melba
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences

description: We selected the claim that as state capacity deteriorates, the incidence of the state directing credit to itself or SOEs [state-owned enterprises] should increase, even after controlling for the overall size of the private credit market (Statement 2). This reflects the following statement from the paper's abstract: "A dynamic panel analysis that exploits instrumental variables and a case study of Mexico adduce strong empirical support for my fiscal transaction cost theory" (Statement 1). Using data from 130 countries observed from 1984 to 2011, the claim is tested by estimating a system of GMM regressions [generalized method of moments]. As a summary of the method from the paper: These are dynamic panel models that first-difference the variables. The lagged dependent variable (LDV) is instrumented with available lags in levels. Other potentially endogenous independent variables are also instrumented with some of their lags, also in levels. Finally, the original, undifferenced equation is added to the system of equations. The dependent variable of interest is Credit to Government and SOEs (percent GDP), capturing directed credit to the government and its entities that can be potentially taxed. It is analyzed as a function of the Indicator Quality Government (IQG) index, which is a measure of state capacity. This is the average of the International Country Risk Guide (ICRG) Corruption, Law and Order, and Bureaucracy indexes, which are each based on investors’ perceptions about the prevalence of corruption in the public sector, how professional the bureaucracy is, and respect for the rule of law. The model also controls for private credit (percent GDP). In the model selected as evidence for the SCORE program, the number of instruments is restricted to lag lengths of (4, 5) (see column 5 of Table 2 for further detail). The evidence presented for the SCORE program is the short-run effect of state capacity, though the author also considers the long-run effect in the paper (Statement 3). The coefficient on state capacity is negative and highly significant in column 5 of Table 2, in both a substantive and statistical sense (coefficient = -2.479, SE = 0.023) (Statement 4). The focal test in the original paper is: The coefficient on state capacity is negative and highly significant in column 5 of Table 2, in both a substantive and statistical sense (coefficient = -2.479, SE = 0.023)
Investigating the effects of the QCD dynamics in the neutrino absorption by the Earth's interior at ultrahigh energies
Creators: name: Goncalves, V. P.
name: Gratieri, D. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The opacity of the Earth to incident ultra high energy neutrinos is directly connected with the behaviour of the neutrino - nucleon ($σ^{νN}$) cross sections in a kinematic range utterly unexplored. In this work we investigate how the uncertainties in $σ^{νN}$ due the different QCD dynamic models modify the neutrino absorption while they travel across the Earth. In particular, we compare the predictions of two extreme scenarios for the high energy behaviour of the cross section, which are consistent with the current experimental data. The first scenario considered is based on the solution of the linear DGLAP equations at small-$x$ and large-$Q^2$, while the second one take into account the unitarity effects in the neutrino - nucleon cross section by the imposition of the Froissart bound behaviour in the nucleon structure functions at large energies. Our results indicate that probability of absorption and the angular distribution of neutrino events are sensitive to the the QCD dynamics at ultra high energies.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures. Improved version to be published in Physical Review D
Using the Lambert function to estimate shared frailty models with a normally distributed random intercept
Creators: name: Charvat, Hadrien
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Shared frailty models, that is, hazard regression models for censored data including random effects acting multiplicatively on the hazard, are commonly used to analyze time-to-event data possessing a hierarchical structure. When the random effects are assumed to be normally distributed, the cluster-specific marginal likelihood has no closed-form expression. A powerful method for approximating such integrals is the adaptive Gauss-Hermite quadrature (AGHQ). However, this method requires the estimation of the mode of the integrand in the expression defining the cluster-specific marginal likelihood: it is generally obtained through a nested optimization at the cluster level for each evaluation of the likelihood function. In this work, we show that in the case of a parametric shared frailty model including a normal random intercept, the cluster-specific modes can be determined analytically by using the principal branch of the Lambert function, W0. Besides removing the need for the nested optimization procedure, it provides closed-form formulas for the gradient and Hessian of the approximated likelihood making its maximization by Newton-type algorithms convenient and efficient. The Lambert-based AGHQ (LAGHQ) might be applied to other problems involving similar integrals, such as the normally distributed random intercept Poisson model and the computation of probabilities from a Poisson lognormal distribution.
Il paesaggio agrario dell’alto Garda bresciano e i suoi prodotti storici: un patrimonio da recuperare e valorizzare
Creators: name: Cazzani, Alberta
Publisher: name: Ri-Vista
Year: 2015

description: Upper Garda Lake landscape is particular: a pristine natural environment is joined with an ancient transformation work by man to make profitable cultivations possible. These cultivations were giving rare and precious products, in the past very valuable, like lemons, citrons, olive oil, wine, laurel oil and capers. The tourism development since late XIX Century and the high maintenance costs have decreased the economic interest in Upper Garda Lake agriculture. In 2012 a no profit association Terre & Sapori d’alto Garda was issued with the goal to recovery and gain top quality crops and food and to valorize the local landscape with research, didactic and promotion activities. The program’s mission is to discover and increase local cultivations, maintaining historic varieties, improving typical production quality. Upper Garda Lake landscape still has agricultural potentialities in addition to cultural-historic and ecological-natural values. This valorization project about food and culture is a fundamental support to a Gardesan tourism more knowledgeable of traditional values and able to recognize the strong link between landscape and products. This kind of tourism will focus on eco-sustainability and lifestyle improvement appreciating the historic connection of good quality landscape and healthy food.
description: Ri-Vista, Vol 13 No 2 (2015)
Flow Cytometry vs. Fluorescence Microscopy in Cell Analysis
Creators: name: West, Dora
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Flow Cytometry (FC) determines multiple physical and biological characteristics of cells by detecting the intensity of the scattered or emitted light of a single cell in a linear flow state before laser irradiation. This technology can analyze cells rapidly at a rate of tens of thousands of cells per second. The types of samples can be various types of cells (such as peripheral blood, bone marrow, solid tissues, cells in suspension or adherent culture), microorganisms, synthetic microspheres, etc.
A plane wave analysis of coherent holographic image reconstruction by phase transfer
Creators: name: Field, Jeffrey J.
name: Winters, David G.
name: Bartels, Randy A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fluorescent imaging plays a critical role in a myriad of scientific endeavors, particularly in the biological sciences. Three-dimensional imaging of fluorescent intensity often requires serial data acquisition, that is voxel-by-voxel collection of fluorescent light emitted throughout the specimen with a non-imaging single-element detector. While non-imaging fluorescence detection offers some measure of scattering robustness, the rate at which dynamic specimens can be imaged is severely limited. Other fluorescent imaging techniques utilize imaging detection to enhance collection rates. A notable example is light-sheet fluorescence microscopy, also known as selective-plane illumination microscopy (SPIM), which illuminates a large region within the specimen and collects emitted fluorescent light at an angle either perpendicular or oblique to the illumination light sheet. Unfortunately, scattering of the emitted fluorescent light can cause blurring of the collected images in highly turbid biological media. We recently introduced an imaging technique called coherent holographic image reconstruction by phase transfer (CHIRPT) that combines light-sheet-like illumination with non-imaging fluorescent light detection. By combining the speed of light-sheet illumination with the scattering robustness of non-imaging detection, CHIRPT is poised to have a dramatic impact on biological imaging, particularly for $\textit{in vivo}$ preparations. Here we present the mathematical formalism for CHIRPT imaging under spatially coherent illumination and present experimental data that verifies the theoretical model.
description: 18 pages, 5 figures
On arbitrarily underdispersed discrete distributions
Creators: name: Huang, Alan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: We survey a range of popular generalized count distributions, investigating which (if any) can be arbitrarily underdispersed, i.e., its variance can be arbitrarily small compared to its mean. A philosophical implication is that some models failing this simple criterion should not be considered as “statistical models” according to the extendibility criterion of McCullagh (2002). Four practical implications are also discussed: (i) functional independence of parameters, (ii) double generalized linear models, (iii) simulation of underdispersed counts, and (iv) severely underdispersed count regression. We suggest that all future generalizations of the Poisson distribution be tested against this key property.
Observation of interference effects via four photon excitation of highly excited Rydberg states in thermal cesium vapor
Creators: name: Kondo, Jorge M.
name: Šibalić, Nikola
name: Guttridge, Alex
name: Wade, Christopher G.
name: De Melo, Natalia R.
name: Adams, Charles S.
name: Weatherill, Kevin J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the observation of electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) and absorption (EIA) of highly excited Rydberg states in thermal Cs vapor using a four-step excitation scheme. The advantage of this four-step scheme is that the final transition to the Rydberg state has a large dipole moment and one can achieve similar Rabi frequencies to two- or three-step excitation schemes using two orders of magnitude less laser power. This scheme enables new applications such as dephasing free Rydberg excitation. The observed lineshapes are in good agreement with simulations based on multilevel optical Bloch equations.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, data is available in online repository
Urban Agriculture in Thessaloniki. An academic project meets reality
Creators: name: Gavrilidou, Eleftheria
name: Kleinmann, Holm
name: Oureilidou, Eleni
name: Zafeiropoulos, Sarantis G.Z.
Publisher: name: Ri-Vista
Year: 2015

description: Nearly all projects with Urban Agriculture (UA) impact in Western Europe, in the USA, and in the Developing World are started and thought by single initiatives. In so-called “bottom-up” processes of small scale, they gain energy and power by a fast and none formalized implementation. A master studio project at the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, “Red and Green”, presents in contrast a proposal for a huge inner city area with focus on UA as generator for a socio-economic transformation towards a green economy based on social community spirit, considering in particular the crisis situation in Greece. The approach which combines the idea of integrating both top-down and bottom-up forces, attempts an integration of permanent and temporarily elements, and by this, the master plan searches qualities as an innovative planning tool. After a phase of intensive dissemination and evaluation on international level with encouraging attentiveness and recognition, a strategy for a realization in steps was created by KIPOS3, a start-up initiative organized by a group of master students to bring in the city of Thessaloniki the concept a common garden manageable by the residents under also the Municipality stewardship. A widespread network of small fallow islands in the city of Thessaloniki was detected and in a process of “mapping the city” several lots were analyzed referring for good chances of implementation. The description of the long way of discussions with landowners, the municipality and potentially users, the difficulties and obstacles, documents once more the initiators strong will and immense energy, which is necessary for a successful start-up. With financial support of a Greek Fellowship a first garden was created in 2015. The history of KIPOS3 garden in Thessaloniki consists finally a useful lesson on the role of “foodscape” on the reactivation of inactive institutions and communities, a lesson of resilience in a city of deep crisis, a discussion on the top-down and bottom-up mix, and a didactic instrument on the trip of an academic project towards reality.
description: Ri-Vista, Vol 13 No 2 (2015)