cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Deep learning approach to Fourier ptychographic microscopy
Creators: name: Nguyen, Thanh
name: Xue, Yujia
name: Li, Yunzhe
name: Tian, Lei
name: Nehmetallah, George
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have gained tremendous success in solving complex inverse problems. The aim of this work is to develop a novel CNN framework to reconstruct video sequence of dynamic live cells captured using a computational microscopy technique, Fourier ptychographic microscopy (FPM). The unique feature of the FPM is its capability to reconstruct images with both wide field-of-view (FOV) and high resolution, i.e. a large space-bandwidth-product (SBP), by taking a series of low resolution intensity images. For live cell imaging, a single FPM frame contains thousands of cell samples with different morphological features. Our idea is to fully exploit the statistical information provided by this large spatial ensemble so as to make predictions in a sequential measurement, without using any additional temporal dataset. Specifically, we show that it is possible to reconstruct high-SBP dynamic cell videos by a CNN trained only on the first FPM dataset captured at the beginning of a time-series experiment. Our CNN approach reconstructs a 12800X10800 pixels phase image using only ~25 seconds, a 50X speedup compared to the model-based FPM algorithm. In addition, the CNN further reduces the required number of images in each time frame by ~6X. Overall, this significantly improves the imaging throughput by reducing both the acquisition and computational times. The proposed CNN is based on the conditional generative adversarial network (cGAN) framework. Additionally, we also exploit transfer learning so that our pre-trained CNN can be further optimized to image other cell types. Our technique demonstrates a promising deep learning approach to continuously monitor large live-cell populations over an extended time and gather useful spatial and temporal information with sub-cellular resolution.
Magnetic Moments of the Octet Baryons in a Chiral Quark Potential Model
Creators: name: Wagner, Georg
name: Buchmann, Alfons J.
name: Faessler, Amand
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In quark potential models, two--body current contributions to baryon magnetic moments arise necessarily to satisfy the continuity equation for the electromagnetic current. On the other hand, the naive additive quark model predicts the experimental octet magnetic moments to within 5$\%$. We demonstrate that consistently derived two--body current contributions to the octet baryon magnetic moments are individually large, but tend to cancel each other globally.
description: 13 pages, Latex, submitted to Phys. Lett. B, 1 figure
Additional file 8 of A novel long noncoding RNA HOXC-AS3 mediates tumorigenesis of gastric cancer by binding to YBX1
Creators: name: Zhang, Erbao
name: He, Xuezhi
name: Zhang, Chongguo
name: Su, Jun
name: Lu, Xiyi
name: Si, Xinxin
name: Chen, Jinfei
name: Yin, Dandan
name: Han, Liang
name: De, Wei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Supplementary Methods. (DOC 44 kb)
DIVACOU : DIVERS ACOUSTIQUE
Creators: name: BOUHIER Marie-Edith
Publisher: name: Sismer
Year: 2004

description: Les campagnes Divacou, « DIvers ACOUstique », ont pour objectif de tester et d'évaluer les différents modules des nouveaux équipements « acoustiques » acquis ou en cours d'acquisition dans le cadre de divers projets dans lesquels l'équipe IMN/SM/PRAO est impliquée.Le grand intérêt de ce type de mesures en grandeur réelle est de tester tout ou une partie des nouveaux systèmes afin d'optimiser et d'aider à leur intégration sur les navires hauturiers et/ou sur les engins.En effet, l'environnement « réel » est bien souvent très complexe puisqu'il fait intervenir la géométrie de la zone de travail (petit, moyen ou grand fonds), le bruit du navire support, l'état de la mer lié aux conditions météorologiques, la nature du fond (plat, accidenté, rocheux, sablonneux, ect).La série de campagne « DIVACOU » s'inscrit dans la continuité de campagnes d'essais technologiques depuis 2007.
Structural behaviour of lean duplex stainless steel welded I-sections
Creators: name: Saliba, Najib
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2012

description: Despite growing interest in the use of stainless steel in the construction industry and the development of a number of national and regional design codes, stainless steel is often regarded as only suitable for specialised applications. This is attributed largely to the high initial material cost associated with the most commonly adopted austenitic grades of stainless steel, as well as some conservatism embedded in current stainless steel guidance. A recently developed grade, known as lean duplex stainless steel (EN 1.4162), possesses higher strength than the common austenitic grades and has a lower cost, along with good corrosion resistance and adequate weldability and fracture toughness. The structural performance of lean duplex stainless steel remains relatively unexplored to date with only a few studies having been performed. The main aim of this study is to examine the structural behaviour of lean duplex stainless steel welded I-sections, and to assess the applicability of the current European stainless steel design guidance. As part of this research, a total of fifty two material tests, four stub column tests, eight 3-point and 4-point bending tests, eight continuous beam tests and nine shear buckling tests were carried out. The experimental programme was complemented by a parallel numerical investigation, in which finite element models were initially validated against the test results and subsequently used for parametric studies. These test and numerical results were used in conjunction with existing test data on stainless steel welded I-sections to characterise the basic material properties, assess the codified slenderness limits for cross-section classification, investigate the applicability of plastic design to indeterminate stainless steel structures, and establish new shear resistance design equations for stainless steel plate girders. Based on the findings, it was concluded that the present European design provisions can be safely applied to lean duplex but are rather conservative in some areas. To rectify this, modifications have been proposed for cross-section classification, plastic design and shear resistance calculations. These proposals, together with additional developments to the strain based continuous strength method of design, are suitable for incorporation into future revisions of Eurocode 3.
Volvox planci Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chlorophyta
Vermes
Zoophyta
Volvocaceae
Volvox
Volvox planci

description: Volvox planci [spec. nov.]
ASTERIAS stellata lobis quindecim echinatis. (p. 662. n. 8-9).
Column. phytob. app. t. 38. f. A. Stella marina pentecaidecatis.
Habitat ad Goam Asiae.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 823, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Entanglement polarization for the topological quadrupole phase
Creators: name: Fukui, T.
name: Hatsugai, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose the entanglement dipole polarization to describe the topological quadrupole phase. The quadrupole moment can be regarded as a pair of the dipole moment, in which the total dipole moment is canceled. The entanglement polarization, we propose, is useful to detect such a constituent dipole polarization. We first introduce partitions of sites in the unit cell and divide the system into two subsystems. Then, introducing an entanglement Hamiltonian by tracing out one of the subsystems partly, we compute the dipole polarization of the occupied states associated with the entanglement Hamiltonian, which is referred to as the entanglement polarization. Although the total dipole polarization is vanishing, those of the subsystems can be finite. The entanglement dipole polarization is quantized by reflection symmetries. We also introduce the entanglement polarization of the edge states, which reveals that the edge states themselves are gapped and topologically nontrivial. Therefore, such edge states yield the zero energy edge states if the system has boundaries. This is the origin of the corner states.
description: 12 pages, 34 figures, final version
Additional file 1 of Disrespect and abuse during labour and birth amongst 12,239 women in the Netherlands: a national survey
Creators: name: van der Pijl, Marit S. G.
name: Verhoeven, Corine J. M.
name: Verweij, Rachel
name: van der Linden, Tineke
name: Kingma, Elselijn
name: Hollander, Martine H.
name: de Jonge, Ank
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Additional file 1: Additional information on sampling techniques.
Antiprotonic Helium Atoms
Creators: name: Kartavtsev, O. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Metastable antiprotonic helium atoms $^{3,4}\! H\! e\bar pe$ have been discovered recently in experiments of the delayed annihilation of antiprotons in helium media. These exotic atoms survive for an enormous time (about tens of microseconds) and carry the extremely large total angular momentum $L\sim 30-40$. The theoretical treatment of the intrinsic properties of antiprotonic helium atoms, their formation and collisions with atoms and molecules is discussed.
description: 9 pages, latex, no figures
Optimal and Efficient Streak Detection in Astronomical Images
Creators: name: Nir, Guy
name: Zackay, Barak
name: Ofek, Eran O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Identification of linear features (streaks) in astronomical images is important for several reasons, including: detecting fast-moving near-Earth asteroids; detecting or flagging faint satellites streaks; and flagging or removing diffraction spikes, pixel bleeding, line-like cosmic rays and bad-pixel features. Here we discuss an efficient and optimal algorithm for the detection of such streaks. The optimal method to detect streaks in astronomical images is by cross-correlating the image with a template of a line broadened by the point spread function of the system. To do so efficiently, the cross-correlation of the streak position and angle is performed using the Radon transform, which is the integral of pixel values along all possible lines through an image. A fast version of the Radon transform exists, which we here extend to efficiently detect arbitrarily short lines. While the brute force Radon transform requires an order of N^3 operations for an N by N image, the fast Radon transform has a complexity of the order of N^2 log(N). We apply this method to simulated images, recovering the theoretical signal-to-noise ratio, and to real images, finding long streaks of low-Earth-orbit satellites and shorter streaks of Global Positioning System satellites. We detect streaks that are barely visible to the eye, out of hundreds of images, without a-priori knowledge of the streaks' positions or angles. We provide implementation of this algorithm in Python and MATLAB.
Additional file 3 of Disrespect and abuse during labour and birth amongst 12,239 women in the Netherlands: a national survey
Creators: name: van der Pijl, Marit S. G.
name: Verhoeven, Corine J. M.
name: Verweij, Rachel
name: van der Linden, Tineke
name: Kingma, Elselijn
name: Hollander, Martine H.
name: de Jonge, Ank
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Additional file 3: Overview of the questions divided in seven categories with answer options yes/no.
An RXTE Observation of the Seyfert 1 Galaxy MCG-6-30-15 : X-ray Reflection and the Iron Abundance
Creators: name: Lee, J. C.
name: Fabian, A. C.
name: Reynolds, C. S.
name: Iwasawa, K.
name: Brandt, W. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on a 50 ks observation of the bright Seyfert 1 galaxy MCG--6-30-15 with the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer. The data clearly show the broad fluorescent iron line (equivalent width ~ 250 eV), and the Compton reflection continuum at higher energies. A comparison of the iron line and the reflection continuum has enabled us to constrain reflective fraction and the elemental abundances in the accretion disk. Temporal studies provide evidence that spectral variability is due to changes in both the amount of reflection seen and the properties of the primary X-ray source itself.
description: 6 pages, Latex
DYFAMED
Creators: name: CHIAVERINI Jacques
Publisher: name: Sismer
Year: 1987

description: La série DYFAMED a démarré en 1991 sous l'égide de JGOFS. L'objectif est d'observer sur le long terme l'impact du forçage climatique et anthropique sur :
1) l'évolution des masses d'eau en relation avec la formation d'eaux denses et la propagation des masses provenant du bassin oriental,
2) la production biologique et l'export de matière associée (nutritifs, éléments majeurs C, N, Si),
3) l'acidification et la séquestration du carbone anthropique,
4) la biodiversité,
5) la variabilité des apports atmosphériques sur la pompe biologique du CO2.Dans ce contexte, la stratégie d'observation long terme permet de déceler les anomalies saisonnières et interannuelles mais aussi les variations décennales affectant cette zone hauturière.Pour ce faire, les observations au site DYFAMED s'appui sur des sorties mensuelles (profils CTDO2 et prélèvements d'eau de mer et zooplancton) et d'un mouillage permanent équipé de capteurs CTDO2 et de pièges à particules permettant de collecter la matière particulaire exportée depuis la surface.Les prélèvements d'eau de mer sont utilisés pour mesurer les paramètres biogéochimiques clefs en suivant des protocoles standard et reconnus (identiques à ceux de SOMLIT) : sels nutritifs et oxygène (Villefranche), pigments (service SAPIGH), DIC-AT (SNAPCO), carbone organique particulaire (Villefranche), taxonomie du zooplancton (Villefranche). Les analyses des échantillons de pièges sont assurés depuis 2006 par la Cellule Pièges (service commun LEFE-CYBER) : mesure du flux de masse, flux de carbone et azote particulaire, éléments inorganiques majeurs (Al, Fe, Ca, Si).Depuis 2010, le site DYFAMED est intégré dans un réseau d'observation plus vaste (SOERE MOOSE). Ceci permet, en autre, de coupler la variabilité temporelle (site DYFAMED) avec la variabilité mésoéchelle de la mer Ligure (sections glider Nice-Calvi) et d'augmenter la fréquence d'observation afin de s'affranchir des problèmes d'aliasing.
Chiral Dynamics and the $S_{11}(1535)$ Nucleon Resonance
Creators: name: Kaiser, N.
name: Siegel, P. B.
name: Weise, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The $SU(3)$ chiral effective lagrangian at next-to-leading order is applied to the S-wave meson-baryon interaction in the energy range around the $ηN$ threshold. Potentials are derived from this lagrangian and used in a coupled channel calculation of the $πN$, $ηN$, $K Λ$, $K Σ$ system in the isospin-$1/2$, $l=0$ partial wave. Using the same parameters as obtained from a fit to the low energy $\overline{K} N$ data it is found that a quasi-bound $K Σ$-state is formed, with properties remarkably similar to the $S_{11}(1535)$ nucleon resonance. In particular, we find a large partial decay width into $ηN$ consistent with the empirical data.
description: 9 pages, 6 postscript figures, e-mail: nkaiser@physik.tu-muenchen.de ; pbsiegel@csupomona.edu weise@physik.tu-muenchen.de
Recommendation of Job Offers Using Random Forests and Support Vector Machines
Creators: name: J. M. Gil
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 80105 Expert Systems
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Information Systems
subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: The challenge of automatically recommending job offers to appropriate job seekers is a topic that has attracted many research effort during the last times. However, it is generally assumed that there is a need of more user-friendly filtering methods so that the automated recommendation systems might be more widely used. We present here our research on two methods from the data analytics field being able to disseminate job offers to the right person at the right time, which are based on Random Forest and Support Vector Machines respectively. Both methods are used here to identify the actual attributes in which users are set when they are attracted to a job offer. Preliminary results in the context of automatic job recommendation suggest that these two methods seem to be promising.
Imaging and fluid flow measurements of reservoir cap rock and ceramic analogues
Creators: name: Welch, Nathan James
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2016

description: The study of reservoir seal formation characteristics is vital to the success of carbon sequestration projects. The unique properties of these formations allows for the safe long-term storage of carbon dioxide. These intrinsic properties also give rise to numerous experiment complexities outside of the realm of traditional core characterization techniques. Samples were obtained to represent the main classes of cap rocks; shales from both a quarry in the UK and a Spanish carbon storage pilot site, anhydrite from UK extraction mines, and a evaporite sample from a reservoir located in the Middle East. An apparatus has been constructed capable of measuring the permeability and capillary threshold pressure of reservoir cap rocks. The pressure decay technique was used to measure the permeability relationship of clay-rich and evaporite samples with varying applied stresses was measured. Unique trends are observed for each geologic sample exhibiting minimums in permeability. The initial reduction of permeability as effective pressure was increased was due compaction and the subsequent increase at high stresses was due to the opening of micro-fractures. The capillary threshold pressures of each sample were determined using three different techniques. A novel technique takes advantage of the pressure decay permeability measurements technique in quantifying extremely small fluid volumes during initial sample drainage. Capillary threshold pressures were shown to also be dependant on applied system stress. The capillary threshold pressure was observed to decrease dramatically following the increase in permeability with further increasing effective pressure. Imaging capabilities were also explored, ranging from core scale to nanometre scale techniques. Computerized micro-tomography was used in plug sample evaluation, and in the observation of fractured system behaviour under varying stress. Scanning electron microscopy paired with focused ion beam milling was used to extract the 3D pore space of the ceramic allowing for permeability estimates from numerical simulations.
The High-Z Supernova Search: Measuring Cosmic Deceleration and Global Cur vature of the Universe Using Type Ia Supernovae
Creators: name: Schmidt, Brian P.
name: Suntzeff, Nicholas B.
name: Phillips, M. M.
name: Schommer, Robert A.
name: Clocchiatti, Alejandro
name: Kirshner, Robert P.
name: Garnavich, Peter
name: Challis, Peter
name: Leibundgut, B.
name: Spyromilio, J.
name: Riess, Adam G.
name: Filippenko, Alexei V.
name: Hamuy, Mario
name: Smith, R. Chris
name: Hogan, Craig
name: Stubbs, Christopher
name: Diercks, Alan
name: Reiss, David
name: Gilliland, Ron
name: Tonry, John
name: Maza, Jose
name: Dressler, A.
name: Walsh, J.
name: Ciardullo, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The High-Z Supernova Search is an international collaboration to discover and monitor type Ia supernovae (SN Ia) at $z > 0.2$ with the aim of measuring cosmic deceleration and global curvature. Our collaboration has pursued a basic understanding of supernovae in the nearby Universe, discovering and observing a large sample of objects, and developing methods to measure accurate distances with SN Ia. This paper describes the extension of this program to $z \geq 0.2$, outlining our search techniques and follow-up program. We have devised high-throughput filters which provide accurate two-color restframe $B$ and $V$ light curves of SN Ia, enabling us to produce precise, extinction-corrected luminosity distances in the range $0.25 < z < 0.55$. Sources of systematic error from K-corrections, extinction, selection effects, and evolution are investigated, and their effects estimated. We present photometric and spectral observations of SN 1995K, our program's first supernova, and use the data to obtain a precise measurement of the luminosity distance to the $z=0.479$ host galaxy. This object, when combined with a nearby sample of SN, yields an estimate for the matter density of the Universe of $Ω_M = -0.2^{+1.0}_{-0.8}$ if $Ω_Λ= 0$. For a spatially flat universe composed of normal matter and a cosmological constant, we find $Ω_M = 0.4^{+0.5}_{-0.4}$, $Ω_Λ= 0.6^{+0.4}_{-0.5}$. We demonstrate that with a sample of $\sim 30$ objects, we should be able to determine relative luminosity distances over the range $0 < z< 0.5$ with sufficient precision to measure $Ω_M$ with an uncertainty of $\pm 0.2$.
description: 51 pages, 14 figures, To Appear in the Astrophysical Journal
Reminiscences of Herschel D. Newsom, 1968
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Government executives
Agriculture--United States

description: Master of National Grange; member, Research Marketing Administration,Agriculture Department, 1950-56; Citizens Committee for reorganizing executive branch, 1953-58; disagreement with Ezra T. Benson's farm policy, discussion of farm policy and economics
Towards light based dynamic control of synthetic biological systems
Creators: name: Tomazou, Marios
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2014

description: For the field of synthetic biology, the adaptation of principles, from the well established traditional engineering disciplines, like mechanical and electrical engineering, in order to realise complex synthetic biological circuits, is an intriguing prospect. These principles can enable a forward engineering, rational design and implementation approach, where a system's properties can be predicted or designed in silico followed by the manufacturing of the in vivo system, that can be tested, used or redesigned in the most efficient possible way. Achieving control over these circuits, is one of the important topics of the field, for these applications to become robust and render useful functions applicable to energy, medicine, pharmaceuticals and agriculture industries. In this work, I attempt to explore light, as a promising control 'dial' for synthetic circuitry. Light is fast, economic compared to chemicals, it can be interfaced with electronics, it is reversible in its effect and can be applied at a fine spatio-temporal resolution. These characteristics, are absent from the classically used chemical inducers, meaning that light, can open new possibilities for the user to control synthetic systems, or even facilitate the cell to cell communication, within population based networks. This work, is a contribution towards harnessing the advantages of light, for achieving control over synthetic circuits. More specifically, I start with the detailed theoretical and experimental study of the Cph8 two component system, a synthetic chimeric receptor which is responsive to red light. This is done, in order to develop a sufficient theoretical understanding of it, through detailed mechanistic modelling, in order to connect the specific system with the toggle switch and the dual feedback oscillator, in an optimal way and achieve control of these devices through light. The developed model, was able to highlight the main aspects and mechanisms inherent to its structure, describe most of the observations from the experimental system, to also make quantitative predictions. The second part of this work, was the development of novel promoters, that can be regulated by a commonly used transcription factor, such as LacI, but also, light responsive regulators like OmpR and CcaR. This yielded a direct way to integrate light and chemical inputs, into a single output, while the dual regulation, allowed to connect and modulate the toggle switch without the need of additional transcription factors. The latter, a light tuneable toggle switch, showed indications that it can function as a memory controller that can be reset by light. Finally, I show the design and modelling of a light tuneable dual feedback oscillator, where light of one wavelength can be used to tune the amplitude, while another wavelength can tune the period. The developed models and synthetic circuits are expected to contribute towards implementing finely tuned and controlled synthetic circuits through light.
Supplementary material from Environmental heterogeneity promotes spatial resilience of phototrophic biofilms in streambeds
Creators: name: Dzubakova, Katharine
name: Peter, Hannes
name: Bertuzzo, Enrico
name: Juez, Carmelo
name: Franca, Mário J.
name: Rinaldo, Andrea
name: Battin, Tom J.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Environmental Science
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The loss of environmental heterogeneity threatens biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. It is therefore important to understand the relationship between environmental heterogeneity and spatial resilience as the capacity of ecological communities embedded in a landscape matrix to reorganize following disturbance. We experimented with phototrophic biofilms colonizing streambed landscapes differing in spatial heterogeneity and exposed to flow-induced disturbance. We show how streambed roughness and related features promote growth-related trait diversity and the recovery of biofilms towards carrying capacity (CC) and spatial resilience. At the scale of streambed landscapes, roughness and exposure to water flow promoted biofilm CC and growth trait diversity. Structural equation modelling identified roughness, post-disturbance biomass and a ‘neighbourhood effect’ to drive biofilm CC. Our findings suggest that the environment selecting for adaptive capacities prior to disturbance (that is, memory effects) and biofilm connectivity into spatial networks (that is, mobile links) contribute to the spatial resilience of biofilms in streambed landscapes. These findings are critical given the key functions biofilms fulfil in streams, now increasingly experiencing shifts in sedimentary and hydrological regimes.
Additional file 2 of Disrespect and abuse during labour and birth amongst 12,239 women in the Netherlands: a national survey
Creators: name: van der Pijl, Marit S. G.
name: Verhoeven, Corine J. M.
name: Verweij, Rachel
name: van der Linden, Tineke
name: Kingma, Elselijn
name: Hollander, Martine H.
name: de Jonge, Ank
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Additional file 2: Information about the questionnaire development.
Decay rate and asymmetries of $Σ^+\to pμ^+μ^-$
Creators: name: He, Xiao-Gang
name: Tandean, Jusak
name: Valencia, German
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The LHCb Collaboration has recently reported evidence for the rare hyperon decay $Σ^+\to pμ^+μ^-$ that is consistent with the standard model expectation. Motivated by this new result we revisit the calculation of this mode including both long and short distance contributions. In the standard model this mode is completely dominated by long distance physics and thus subject to large uncertainties. We present a range of predictions for the rate, the dimuon invariant mass spectrum, and a muon polarization asymmetry that covers these uncertainties as well as known constraints. We study the interplay between short and long distance contributions which could result in additional asymmetries, but we find that they are negligible within the standard model. We propose a parameterization of these asymmetries in terms of a couple of constants that can arise from new physics.
description: 18 pages, 4 figures, somewhat expanded, remarks on e+e- mode & references added, matches publication
DYPOL : DYNAMIQUE ET POLLUTION DS GOLFE DU LION
Creators: name: ALOISI Jean-Claude
Publisher: name: Sismer
Year: 1986

description: Il s'agit d'evaluer dans quelles mesures les particules sedimentaires qui transitent depuis le systeme fluviatile rhodanien jusqu'aux zones marines profondes sont des vecteurs de pollution. Dans ce but, on tente d'identifier les structures hydrologiques et de caracteriser les particules qui y sont associees et de mesurer leur variabilite de compention dans l'espace et dans le temps. Des prelevements a divers niveauxselon un maillage determine et la repetition des prelevements en un point situe pres de l'embouchure, par echantillonnage ponctuel et par pieges a particules permettent de repondre a cet objectif. Le projet derattachement est ECOMARGE.
Dipolar Exchange Quantum Logic Gate with Polar Molecules
Creators: name: Ni, Kang-Kuen
name: Rosenband, Till
name: Grimes, David D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a two-qubit gate based on dipolar exchange interactions between individually addressable ultracold polar molecules in an array of optical dipole traps. Our proposal treats the full Hamiltonian of the $^1Σ^+$ molecule NaCs, utilizing a pair of nuclear spin states as storage qubits. A third rotationally excited state with rotation-hyperfine coupling enables switchable dipolar exchange interactions between two molecules to generate an iSWAP gate. All three states are insensitive to external magnetic and electric fields. Impacts on gate fidelity due to coupling to other molecular states, imperfect ground-state cooling, blackbody radiation and vacuum spontaneous emission are small, leading to potential fidelity above $99.99~\%$ in a coherent quantum system that can be scaled by purely optical means.
Occluding the face diminishes the conceptual accessibility of an animate agent
Creators: name: Rissman, Lilia
name: Woodward, Amanda
name: Goldin-Meadow, Susan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: The language that people use to describe events reflects their perspective on the event. This linguistic encoding is influenced by conceptual accessibility, particularly whether individuals in the event are animate or agentive – animates are more likely than inanimates to appear as Subject of a sentence, and agents are more likely than patients to appear as Subject. We tested whether perceptual aspects of a scene can override these two conceptual biases when they are aligned: whether a visually prominent inanimate patient will be selected as Subject when pitted against a visually backgrounded animate agent. We manipulated visual prominence by contrasting scenes in which the face/torso/hand of the agent were visible vs. scenes in which only the hand was visible. Events with only a hand were more often associated with passive descriptions, in both production and comprehension tasks. These results highlight the power of visual prominence to guide how people conceptualise events.
Reminiscences of Hermon Dunlap and Ellen Smith 1967
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Government executives--Illinois
Presidents--Election--1952.--United States

description: Association with Adlai and Ellen Stevenson for many years; Stevenson campaign for governor of Illinois, 1947; Chairman, Board of Public Welfare Commissioners during Stevenson governorship; Chairman, Volunteers for Stevenson in 1952 presidential campaign.
Art in the age of its digital reproduction: reimagining performing organisations in the context of discontinuous institutional change
Creators: name: Kavanagh, Brian
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2015

description: My research, which navigates a space between organisational self-interest and institutional conformity, investigates how organisations and their members respond to and influence changes to the institutional environment in which they operate following discontinuous technological change. It draws together themes from the innovation literature and institutional theory to inform new insights on how changes in technology trigger shifts in the logics that define institutional fields and field members. My research focuses on how nonprofit arts organisations are responding to environmental changes following new technology and its social uses. Specifically, I consider how classical music organisations (orchestras and opera companies) are reimagining "who they are" in response to digital innovation. My research sample includes, the New York Philharmonic orchestra, the London Symphony orchestra and the Royal Opera House.
Heavy Gravitino from Dynamical Generation of Right-Handed Neutrino Mass Scale, and Gravitational Waves
Creators: name: Nagai, Ryo
name: Takahashi, Fuminobu
name: Yokozaki, Norimi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The absence of supersymmetric particles at the weak scale is a puzzle if supersymmetry solves the gauge hierarchy problem. We show that, if the right-handed neutrino masses arise from hidden gaugino condensation via GUT-suppressed operators, successful thermal leptogenesis leads to the lower bound on the gravitino mass, which may explain the little hierarchy problem. If domain walls associated with the gaugino condensation are formed after inflation, they annihilate when $H \sim m_{3/2}$. We address the possibility that observable gravitational wave signals might emerge from the domain wall annihilation.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures
ECLAIR
Creators: name: HURET Martin
Publisher: name: Sismer
Year: 2008

description: La série des campagnes ECLAIR (de mars à août 2008) a pour objectif le suivi temporel de l'écosystème planctonique dans le panache de la Gironde, habitat essentiel à la viabilité de la population d'anchois du golfe de Gascogne. Couvrant l'ensemble de sa saison de développement, ces campagnes permettront de préciser l'environnement physique, trophique (phyto- et zooplancton), ainsi que la distribution verticale des oeufs et larves, autant d'éléments déterminants pour mieux appréhender la survie larvaire et finalement le recrutement de l'anchois du golfe de Gascogne.
Studies on the solution heat treatment, forming and in-die quenching process in the production of lightweight alloy components
Creators: name: Elfakir, Omer
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2015

description: A novel necking prediction model was developed and verified that could be utilised in finite element (FE) simulations for optimisation of high temperature forming processes parameters, such that a successful component could be formed. The temperature-dependent time-based model combines viscoplastic equations, the Hosford yield criterion and the Marciniak and Kuczynski formulation, and is able to capture the effects of varying temperature, strain rate and strain path on the formability of a material. The results of high temperature uniaxial tension tests and isothermal formability tests on the aluminium alloy AA6082 were used for calibration, although the developed model could be similarly calibrated for alternative aluminium alloys. The capability of the model, which could also be run independently, was demonstrated by applying it in a simulation of the solution Heat treatment, Forming and in-die Quenching (HFQ) process for a complex-shaped stiffener component in the commercial FE software PAM-STAMP. The component depth at which severe necking would occur was successfully predicted, and was in agreement with the results of the experimental HFQ trials. The model was subsequently used for the blank shape optimisation of a door inner panel component; the final optimised blank shape was formed experimentally, with the resulting component being free of any cracks and incidences of necking. By decoupling the necking prediction model from the process simulations, significant savings in computational time could be made by selecting only the critical regions in the component where the model would be run. Additionally, the computation could be spread across multiple work stations simultaneously to improve the efficiency of the calculations. The adopted simulation methodology could be expanded further by having multiple independent models that cover other aspects of a forming process such as friction and microstructural evolution.
Multi-scale modelling of coupled thermo-hydro-mechanical-chemical processes in fractured rocks
Creators: name: Lang, Philipp
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2016

description: A first-principle modelling framework for thermo-hydro-mechanical-chemical processes in fractured rock is developed. The key characteristics of such rocks are incorporated by direct representation: the power law nature of fracture size distribution, the fractal nature of rock surfaces, the scale dependence of discrete contact between these, and the mechanically induced fluid-flow anisotropy. It is shown that hydro-mechanical modelling in fractured rock can be reduced to a single free parameter, the friction coefficient. Properties of fractured rock, such as transmissivity, stiffness and permeability, emerge as direct results of physical processes, and need not be complemented by empirical relationships or distribution functions. Results reproduce the field observation that critically-oriented fractures are likely hydraulic conduits; while the established reasoning of shear activation and associated fracture dilation for this fact is confirmed, it is also shown, for the first time, that chemically-mediated processes have the potential to contribute to this effect. Compaction mechanisms of pressure solution and precipitation act preferably on fractures with stress ratios far from Coulomb failure, which increases the relative contribution of near-critical fractures. New insights also emerge as to the likely orientation of the maximum permeability of a fractured rock mass. Due to shear-induced anisotropy of fracture transmissivity, the preferential flow direction tends to be aligned with the orientation of the intermediate stress. The capability to accurately determine the upscaled permeability tensor is facilitated by a novel algorithm that is independent of geometry and reference system, and accounts for locally anisotropic matrix permeability and fracture transmissivity. The developed framework presents a path forward in fractured rock modelling. It accounts for state of the art knowledge of the internal processes of fractured rock across multiple scales, and perhaps aids to overcome the necessity for using isotropic effective properties that is prevalent in many applications.
Numerical Convergence in Solving the Vlasov Equation
Creators: name: Jarzynski, C.
name: Bertsch, G. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When the Vlasov equation is investigated numerically using the method of test particles, the particle-particle interactions that inevitably arise in the simulation (but are not present in the Vlasov equation itself) result in an accumulation of errors which eventually drive the collection of test particles toward a state of classical thermal equilibrium. We estimate the rate at which these errors accumulate.
description: 12 pages of text (Revtex). Two figures available from chrisj@phys.washington.edu
Observational Evidence from Supernovae for an Accelerating Universe and a Cosmological Constant
Creators: name: Riess, Adam G.
name: Filippenko, Alexei V.
name: Challis, Peter
name: Clocchiattia, Alejandro
name: Diercks, Alan
name: Garnavich, Peter M.
name: Gilliland, Ron L.
name: Hogan, Craig J.
name: Jha, Saurabh
name: Kirshner, Robert P.
name: Leibundgut, B.
name: Phillips, M. M.
name: Reiss, David
name: Schmidt, Brian P.
name: Schommer, Robert A.
name: Smith, R. Chris
name: Spyromilio, J.
name: Stubbs, Christopher
name: Suntzeff, Nicholas B.
name: Tonry, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present observations of 10 type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) between 0.16 < z < 0.62. With previous data from our High-Z Supernova Search Team, this expanded set of 16 high-redshift supernovae and 34 nearby supernovae are used to place constraints on the Hubble constant (H_0), the mass density (Omega_M), the cosmological constant (Omega_Lambda), the deceleration parameter (q_0), and the dynamical age of the Universe (t_0). The distances of the high-redshift SNe Ia are, on average, 10% to 15% farther than expected in a low mass density (Omega_M=0.2) Universe without a cosmological constant. Different light curve fitting methods, SN Ia subsamples, and prior constraints unanimously favor eternally expanding models with positive cosmological constant (i.e., Omega_Lambda > 0) and a current acceleration of the expansion (i.e., q_0 < 0). With no prior constraint on mass density other than Omega_M > 0, the spectroscopically confirmed SNe Ia are consistent with q_0 <0 at the 2.8 sigma and 3.9 sigma confidence levels, and with Omega_Lambda >0 at the 3.0 sigma and 4.0 sigma confidence levels, for two fitting methods respectively. Fixing a ``minimal'' mass density, Omega_M=0.2, results in the weakest detection, Omega_Lambda>0 at the 3.0 sigma confidence level. For a flat-Universe prior (Omega_M+Omega_Lambda=1), the spectroscopically confirmed SNe Ia require Omega_Lambda >0 at 7 sigma and 9 sigma level for the two fitting methods. A Universe closed by ordinary matter (i.e., Omega_M=1) is ruled out at the 7 sigma to 8 sigma level. We estimate the size of systematic errors, including evolution, extinction, sample selection bias, local flows, gravitational lensing, and sample contamination. Presently, none of these effects reconciles the data with Omega_Lambda=0 and q_0 > 0.
description: 36 pages, 13 figures, 3 table files Accepted to the Astronomical Journal
Investigating the scalar sector of left-right symmetric models with leptonic probes
Creators: name: Borah, Debasish
name: Fuks, Benjamin
name: Goswami, Deepanjali
name: Poulose, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the potential collider signatures of singly-charged and doubly-charged Higgs bosons such as those arising in minimal left-right symmetric models. Focusing on multileptonic probes in the context of the high-luminosity run of the Large Hadron Collider, we separately assess the advantages of the four-leptonic and trileptonic final states for a representative benchmark setup designed by considering a large set of experimental constraints. Our study establishes possibilities of identifying singly-charged and doubly-charged scalars at the Large Hadron Collider with a large significance, for luminosity goals expected to be reached during the high-luminosity phase of the Large Hadron Collider. We generalise our results and demonstrate that existing limits can in principle be pushed much further in the heavy mass regime.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures; version accepted by PRD
Reminiscences of Hilarion Noel Branch, 1966
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Lawyers
Petroleum industry and trade

description: Boyhood, British West Indies; teaching in Mexico, 1900-1910; Mexican Embassy, Washington; oil industry in Mexico, 1920s and 1930s. Impressions of William Gibbs McAdoo, Edward L. Doheny, Dwight Morrow
FDG-PET imaging of pulmonary vascular remodelling in PAH
Creators: name: Wang, Lei
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2016

description: Pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH) is a disease of progressive pulmonary vascular remodelling characterised by dysregulated proliferation and inflammation. With increasing acceptance that glucose metabolism is perturbed in proliferating and inflammatory cells in PAH, the present thesis took interest in the application of molecular 18F-2-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) imaging, widely used in the oncology clinic, in the assessment of PAH patients. Our hypothesis is that FDG-PET imaging can be used as a potential tool for the in vivo assessment of pulmonary vascular remodelling and evaluation of anti-remodelling therapies in PAH. In the first part of the thesis, a clinical applicable dynamic FDG-PET acquisition protocol with kinetic Patlak analysis was assessed in idiopathic PAH (IPAH) patients and PAH associated with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE-PAH) patients for detection and quantification of lung FDG uptake. Mean lung FDG uptake was increased in both IPAH and SLE-PAH patients compared to that in healthy controls. There was heterogeneity of lung FDG uptake within PAH population, which aligns with our current understanding of the complex and regional pathology in PAH. Lung FDG uptake of SLE-PAH patients significantly correlated with SLE disease activity markers. In the following in vivo FDG-PET study, treatments with liraglutide and tacrolimus significantly attenuated the increased pulmonary artery pressure and right heart hypertrophy, as well as pulmonary vascular muscularisation and inflammatory cell infiltration in monocrotaline-induced PAH rat models, accompanied by a decreased lung FDG uptake. These data support further evaluation of the use of FDG-PET as a potential tool for evaluating these therapies in clinical trials. We learnt that FDG-PET imaging lacks specificity to differentiate proliferation from inflammation as an underlying disease process. Future development of other PET tracer may help to identify a marker that interrogates the pulmonary pathology of interest.