cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Spontaneous edge-defect formation and defect-induced conductance suppression in graphene nanoribbons
Creators: name: Li, Jia
name: Li, Zuanyi
name: Zhou, Gang
name: Liu, Zhirong
name: Wu, Jian
name: Gu, Bing-Lin
name: Ihm, Jisoon
name: Duan, Wenhui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a first-principles study of the migration and recombination of edge defects (carbon adatom and/or vacancy) and their influence on electrical conductance in zigzag graphene nanoribbons (ZGNRs). It is found that at room temperature, the adatom is quite mobile while the vacancy is almost immobile along the edge of ZGNRs. The recombination of an adatom-vacancy pair leads to a pentagon-heptagon ring defect structure having a lower energy than the perfect edge, implying that such an edge-defect can be formed spontaneously. This edge defect can suppresses the conductance of ZGNRs drastically, which provides some useful hints for understanding the observed semiconducting behavior of the fabricated narrow GNRs.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, to appear in PRB
Real-Time Traffic Sign Recognition using Image Processing and CNN
Creators: name: Omkar Singh, Mithilesh Vishwakarma, Pankaj Pal, Om Prakash Yadav
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: The processing recognition of driving signs in autonomous vehicles, known as Traffic Sign Recognition (TSR),has considerably advanced in recent years. This work utilizes deep learning techniques, specifically aConvolutional Neural Networks (CNN) classifier, for robust recognition of traffic signs. The dataset used for thisanalysis consists of thousands of images featuring different categories of traffic signs including speed limit,warning, and do not enter signs. The model is subjected to multiple preprocessing steps such as image resizing, normalization, and augmentation to improve generalization capabilities and reduce overfitting during training. The accuracy achieved after training on the CNN model was 98.02% on the test set, showing effectiveness in recognizing traffic signs with respect to different lighting conditions, occlusion, and background noise. Besides this, the model was put through a comparative analysis with other machine learning approaches such as Support Vector Machines (SVM), Random Forest, and Gradient boosting; confirming that CNN is a better solution due to its image spatial and hierarchical feature extraction capabilities. The project has also implemented videobased traffic sign detection and recognition within OpenCV, increasing the practicality of the model. This research presents a robust, scalable, and efficient solution for traffic sign recognition, contributing significantly to the advancement of autonomous vehicle technologies.
A value chain analysis of baobab (Adansonia digitata L.) products in Eastern and Coastal Kenya
Creators: name: Jäckering, Lisa
name: Fischer, Sahrah
name: Kehlenbeck, Katja
Publisher: name: Universität Kassel
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mabuyu
subject: underutilised fruit trees
subject: smallholder farmers
subject: Kenya
subject: 630

description: Gedruckte Ausg. im Verlag Kassel Univ. Press (www.upress.uni-kassel.de) erschienen.
Hot Super Earths: disrupted young jupiters?
Creators: name: Nayakshin, Sergei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent {\em Kepler} observations revealed an unexpected abundance of "hot" Earth-size to Neptune-size planets in the inner $0.02-0.2$ AU from their parent stars. We propose that these smaller planets are the remnants of massive giant planets that migrated inward quicker than they could contract. We show that such disruptions naturally occur in the framework of the Tidal Downsizing hypothesis for planet formation. We find that the characteristic planet-star separation at which such "hot disruptions" occur is $R \approx 0.03-0.2$ AU. This result is independent of the planet's embryo mass but is dependent on the accretion rate in the disc. At high accretion rates, $\dot M \simgt 10^{-6}\msun$ yr$^{-1}$, the embryo is unable to contract quickly enough and is disrupted. At late times, when the accretion rate drops to $\dot M \simlt 10^{-8} \msun$ yr$^{-1}$, the embryos migrate sufficiently slow to not be disrupted. These "late arrivals" may explain the well known population of hot jupiters. If type I migration regime is inefficient, then our model predicts a pile-up of planets at $R\sim 0.1$ AU as the migration rate suddenly switches from the type II to type I in that region.
description: 5 pages, submitted. Replaces the withdrawn astro-ph/0210493 which is split into two separate papers
On Nilpotent Multipliers of Some Verbal Products of Groups
Creators: name: Hokmabadi, Azam
name: Mashayekhy, Behrooz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20E34, 20E10, 20F18, 20C25

description: The paper is devoted to finding a homomorphic image for the $c$-nilpotent multiplier of the verbal product of a family of groups with respect to a variety ${\mathcal V}$ when ${\mathcal V} \subseteq {\mathcal N}_{c}$ or ${\mathcal N}_{c}\subseteq {\mathcal V}$. Also a structure of the $c$-nilpotent multiplier of a special case of the verbal product, the nilpotent product, of cyclic groups is given. In fact, we present an explicit formula for the $c$-nilpotent multiplier of the $n$th nilpotent product of the group $G= {\bf {Z}}\stackrel{n}{*}...\stackrel{n}{*}{\bf {Z}}\stackrel{n}{*} {\bf {Z}}_{r_1}\stackrel{n}{*}...\stackrel{n}{*}{\bf{Z}}_{r_t}$, where $r_{i+1}$ divides $r_i$ for all $i$, $1 \leq i \leq t-1$, and $(p,r_1)=1$ for any prime $p$ less than or equal to $n+c$, for all positive integers $n$, $c$.
description: 16 pages
Inhomogeneity and transverse voltage in superconductors
Creators: name: Segal, A.
name: Karpovski, M.
name: Gerber, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Voltages parallel and transverse to electric current in slightly inhomogeneous superconductors can contain components proportional to the field and temperature derivatives of the longitudinal and Hall resistivities. We show that these anomalous contributions can be the origin of the zero field and even-in-field transverse voltage occasionally observed at the superconductor to normal state transition. The same mechanism can also cause an anomaly in the odd-in-field transverse voltage interfering the Hall effect signal.
description: 6 pages, 7 figures
Extending matchgates into universal quantum computation
Creators: name: Brod, Daniel J.
name: Galvão, Ernesto F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Matchgates are a family of two-qubit gates associated with noninteracting fermions. They are classically simulatable if acting only on nearest neighbors, but become universal for quantum computation if we relax this restriction or use SWAP gates [Jozsa and Miyake, Proc. R. Soc. A 464, 3089 (2008)]. We generalize this result by proving that any nonmatchgate parity-preserving unitary is capable of extending the computational power of matchgates into universal quantum computation. We identify the single local invariant of parity-preserving unitaries responsible for this, and discuss related results in the context of fermionic systems.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures
Fit for a Bayesian: An Evaluation of PPP and DIC for Structural Equation Modeling
Creators: name: Cain, Meghan K.
name: Zhang, Zhiyong
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Despite its importance to structural equation modeling, model evaluation remains underdeveloped in the Bayesian SEM framework. Posterior predictive p-values (PPP) and deviance information criteria (DIC) are now available in popular software for Bayesian model evaluation, but they remain underutilized. This is largely due to the lack of recommendations for their use. To address this problem, PPP and DIC were evaluated in a series of Monte Carlo simulation studies. The results show that both PPP and DIC are influenced by severity of model misspecification, sample size, model size, and choice of prior. The cutoffs PPP < 0.10 and ∆DIC > 7 work best in the conditions and models tested here to maintain low false detection rates and misspecified model selection rates, respectively. The recommendations provided in this study will help researchers evaluate their models in a Bayesian SEM analysis and set the stage for future development and evaluation of Bayesian SEM fit indices.
A Link between Guruswami--Sudan's List--Decoding and Decoding of Interleaved Reed--Solomon Codes
Creators: name: Zeh, Alexander
name: Senger, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The Welch--Berlekamp approach for Reed--Solomon (RS) codes forms a bridge between classical syndrome--based decoding algorithms and interpolation--based list--decoding procedures for list size l=1. It returns the univariate error--locator polynomial and the evaluation polynomial of the RS code as a y-root. In this paper, we show the connection between the Welch--Berlekamp approach for a specific Interleaved Reed--Solomon code scheme and the Guruswami--Sudan principle. It turns out that the decoding of Interleaved RS codes can be formulated as a modified Guruswami--Sudan problem with a specific multiplicity assignment. We show that our new approach results in the same solution space as the Welch--Berlekamp scheme. Furthermore, we prove some important properties.
description: For ISIT 2010
Gamma-rays from millisecond pulsars in Globular Clusters
Creators: name: Bednarek, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Globular clusters (GCs) with their ages of the order of several billion years contain many final products of evolution of stars such as: neutron stars, white dwarfs and probably also black holes. These compact objects can be at present responsible for the acceleration of particles to relativistic energies. Therefore, gamma-ray emission is expected from GCs as a result of radiation processes occurring either in the inner magnetosperes of millisecond pulsars or in the vicinity of accreting neutron stars and white dwarfs or as a result of interaction of particles leaving the compact objects with the strong radiation field within the GC. Recently, GeV gamma-ray emission has been detected from several GCs by the new satellite observatory Fermi. Also Cherenkov telescopes reported interesting upper limits at the TeV energies which start to constrain the content of GCs. We review the results of these gamma-ray observations in the context of recent scenarios for their origin.
description: 20 pages, 9 figures, will be published in Astrophysics and Space Science Series (Springer), eds. N. Rea and D.F. Torres
Identification and exploration of gene product annotation instability and its impact on current usages
Creators: name: Sedeño Cortés, Adriana Estela
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: Proteins are macromolecules responsible for a wide range of activities in the structure and function of cells. Their activities have been described in different contexts as a mean to elucidate their ``function". These descriptions have been captured across biological databases in a standardized format called Gene Ontology Annotations (GOA), to disseminate the knowledge and extrapolate the information to other proteins whose function is still unknown. Furthermore, the annotations are used to analyse and interpret data from high-throughput studies and also as a benchmark for the assessment of protein function prediction algorithms. Constant changes occur in GOA that can potentially impact such usages, but only limited effort has been put into exploring their instability, or to assess the impact that these changes have on reproducibility or interpretation of previous analyses. In the present work, I performed the most comprehensive analysis of the annotation instability for 14 representative model organisms (E.coli, fruit fly, Mouse, etc.). The results showed important instability patterns that were species-specific. As such information would be of use to the community to trace the instability of annotations of their interest, a web-based visualization tool was built to track these changes on a protein, functional term and species specific basis. Additionally, we identified artifacts on the annotation data that can be attributed to curation patterns. We propose such artifacts to be considered for a more accurate assessment of function prediction algorithms. Furthermore, the impact that changes in the annotations have on common settings like gene set enrichment analyses was also explored. In particular, 2,000 datasets were used to assess the robustness of enrichment results over time. On average, the results would display a 60% similarity after only 2 years. However, cases were found were the similarity will drop 80% within the same year, demonstrating the impact that the instability has on such applications. In conclusion, the results of this work will prove useful for those who use the annotations to interpret their studies to assess their reliability on a case-by-case scenario.
Physical activity and hypertension
Creators: name: HAYES, PETER
name: Ferrara, Alexandra
name: Keating, Aoife
name: McKnight, Kathryn
name: O'REGAN, ANDREW
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Health sciences
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Hypertension and physical inactivity are leading causes of premature mortality. While both are modifiable risk factors for cardiovascular disease, their prevalence remains high. As populations grow older, they are more likely to develop hypertension and to become less physically active. Scientific advances have contributed to understanding of how physical activity improves blood pressure and the clinically relevant ambulatory blood pressure, but this is not reflected in hypertension guidelines for clinical management of hypertension. The aim of this paper is to clearly present up to date knowledge from scientific studies that underpin the role of physical activity in hypertension management. Longitudinal studies in this review demonstrate a protective effect of higher physical activity levels as well as higher levels of cardiorespiratory fitness. Interventional studies report improvements in blood pressure associated with aerobic, resistance and concurrent exercise; the improvements in some studies were greatest among participant groups with established hypertensions; the effect was observed for groups with treatment-resistant hypertension also, a clinically important subgroup. The most recent research provides evidence for the synergy between physical activity and pharmacotherapy for the treatment of hypertension, providing an opportunity for clinicians to promote physical activity as an adjunctive treatment for hypertension as well as a preventative strategy. This review critiques the evidence and summarises the most up to date literature in the field of physical activity and hypertension.
Identifikation problematischer Substantivierungen in natürlichsprachigen Anforderungsdokumenten
Creators: name: Keim, Jan
Publisher: name: Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT)
Year: 2015

description: Nominalisierungen in natürlichsprachigen Anforderungsdokumenten können potentiell gefährlich für das Gelingen des Projekts sein. Bei dem Einsatz von Nominalisierungen wird häufig zusätzliche Information weggelassen, die aber für das vollständige Verständnis benötigt wird. So ist etwa bei der Nominalisierung Anmeldung ohne eine nähere Spezifikation unklar, wo sich wer auf welche Weise anmeldet. Daher ist eine Erkennung von unterspezifizierten Nominalisierungen wichtig, damit eine Fehlinterpretation der Anforderung, was eine potentielle Gefahr für das Scheitern des Projekts darstellt, vermieden wird. Die Fachliteratur rät davon ab Nominalisierungen zu verwenden. Bei der bisherigen Erkennung von Nominalisierungen mit dem Werkzeug RESI wurden ebenso alle Nominalisierungen aufgezeigt. Allerdings ist nicht jede Nominalisierung an sich kritisch. Somit erhielt der Nutzer eine unnötig hohe Anzahl an Warnungen, was die Akzeptanz des Werkzeuges schmälert. In dieser Arbeit wird eine Kategorisierung von Nominalisierungen vorgestellt, die sie in potentiell gefährliche und ungefährliche Nominalisierungen einteilt. Mit dieser Kategorisierung wird eine Möglichkeit gezeigt, wie unproblematische Nominalisierungen erkannt werden können. Dafür wird mit Hilfe von Ontologien und einem Parser die Nominalisierung und der Satz, in dem sie steht, auf spezifizierende Wörter, Nominalphrasen etc. untersucht. Mit diesem Ansatz wurden Lastenhefte der Daimler AG untersucht. Das Prüfungskorpus beinhaltete knapp 60.000 Wörter, welches über 1.100 Nominalisierungen beinhaltet. Davon konnte ein Großteil als unproblematisch gefiltert und damit 129 als problematisch identifiziert werden. Durch diesen Ansatz konnte somit eine große Anzahl von Fehlwarnungen unterdrückt werden, wodurch die Akzeptanz beim Nutzer und die Praxistauglichkeit gesteigert wird.
Geometrical Properties of Coupled Oscillators at Synchronization
Creators: name: El-Nashar, Hassan F.
name: Cerdeira, Hilda A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the synchronization of $N$ nearest neighbors coupled oscillators in a ring. We derive an analytic form for the phase difference among neighboring oscillators which shows the dependency on the periodic boundary conditions. At synchronization, we find two distinct quantities which characterize four of the oscillators, two pairs of nearest neighbors, which are at the border of the clusters before total synchronization occurs. These oscillators are responsible for the saddle node bifurcation, of which only two of them have a phase-lock of phase difference equals $\pm$$π$/2. Using these properties we build a technique based on geometric properties and numerical observations to arrive to an exact analytic expression for the coupling strength at full synchronization and determine the two oscillators that have a phase-lock condition of $\pm$$π$/2.
description: accepted for publication in "Communications in Nonlinear Science and Numerical Simulations"
Super-Extremal Spinning Black Holes via Accretion
Creators: name: Bode, Tanja
name: Laguna, Pablo
name: Matzner, Richard A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A Kerr black hole with mass $M$ and angular momentum $J$ satisfies the extremality inequality $|J| \le M^2$. In the presence of matter and/or gravitational radiation, this bound needs to be reformulated in terms of local measurements of the mass and the angular momentum directly associated with the black hole. The isolated and dynamical horizon framework provides such quasi-local characterization of black hole mass and angular momentum. With this framework, it is possible in axisymmetry to reformulate the extremality limit as $|J| \le 2\,M_H^2$, with $M_H$ the irreducible mass of the black hole computed from its apparent horizon area and $J$ obtained using approximate rotational Killing vectors on the apparent horizon. The $|J| \le 2\,M_H^2$ condition is also equivalent to requiring a non-negative black hole surface gravity. We present numerical experiments of an accreting black hole that temporarily violates this extremality inequality. The initial configuration consists of a single, rotating black hole surrounded by a thick, shell cloud of negative energy density. For these numerical experiments, we introduce a new matter-without-matter evolution method.
description: 11 pages, 10 figures
The Clinical Utility of the Lung Clearance Index as a Monitoring Tool in Cystic Fibrosis
Creators: name: Perrem, Lucy
Publisher: name: Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 110203 Respiratory Diseases
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Aims: The lung clearance index (LCI) is a lung function test that can detect early cystic fibrosis (CF) lung disease. This PhD aimed to evaluate the clinical utility of the LCI as a monitoring toolin children with CF. Methods and main findings: The studies included in this thesis are based on two multisite prospective longitudinal studies conducted in children with CF and healthy controls. Study 1 describes for the first time the expected magnitude of change in the lung clearance index (LCI) with different phenotypes of acute respiratory events in school-age children with CF. The LCI was a sensitive measure of lung function worsening with acute respiratory events and detected incomplete recovery at follow-up, even in mild events untreated events.Study 2 explores thresholds that can be used to identify clinically meaningful changes in LCI in children with CF. It demonstrates that the limits of reproducibility of the LCI in healthy children can be used to detect clinically relevant changes in children with CF.Study 2 also shows that an LCI increase (worsening) of ≥10% with acute respiratory events was predictive of failing to recover baseline lung function at follow-up. Studies 3 and 4 explore the role of patient-report outcome measures (PROs) as monitoring tools in children with CFand investigate their relationship with lung function outcomes. Study 3 reports that, in preschool children (2.5-6 years), changes in the parent-proxy Cystic Fibrosis Questionnaire-Revised (CFQ-R) Respiratory score of at least 10-points can be considered clinically meaningful and that its utility to monitor acute respiratory events was improved when combined with LCI. Study 4 shows thatin older children aged 6 to 13 years of age, the parent-proxy CFQ-R was sensitive and predictive of acute respiratory events. The positive and negative predictive value of the PRO was improved when combined with LCI. Conclusion:This PhD supportsthe routine clinical use of LCI to monitor changes in lung function associated with acute respiratory eventsin children with CF and provides practical guidance on how to interpret visit-to-visit changes in LCI.
Misaligned Angular Momentum in Hydrodynamic Cosmological Simulations: Warps, Outer Discs, and Thick Discs
Creators: name: Roškar, Rok
name: Debattista, Victor P.
name: Brooks, Alyson M.
name: Quinn, Thomas R.
name: Brook, Chris B.
name: Governato, Fabio
name: Dalcanton, Julianne J.
name: Wadsley, James
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a detailed analysis of a disc galaxy forming in a high-resolution fully cosmological simulation to investigate the nature of the outer regions of discs and their relevance for the disc formation process. Specifically, we focus on the phenomenon of misaligned disc components and find that the outer disc warp is a consequence of the misalignment between the inner disc and the surrounding hot gaseous halo. As the infalling cold gas sinks toward the centre of the galaxy, it is strongly torqued by the hot gas halo. By the time the fresh gas reaches the central disc-forming region its angular momentum is completely aligned with the spin of the hot gas halo. If the spin of the hot gas halo, in turn, is not aligned with that of the inner disc, a misaligned outer disc forms comprised of newly accreted material. The inner and outer components are misaligned with each other because they respond differently to infalling substructure and accretion. The warped disc feeds the main gas disc due to viscous angular momentum losses, but small amounts of star formation in the warp itself form a low-metallicity thick disc. We show that observations of resolved stellar populations in warped galaxies in the local universe could provide evidence for the presence of these processes and therefore indirectly reveal ongoing gas accretion and the existence of hot gas halos.
description: 14 pages, 16 figures; accepted to MNRAS
Population Synthesis of Radio and Gamma-ray Pulsars in the Fermi Era
Creators: name: Gonthier, Peter L.
name: Billman, Caleb
name: Harding, Alice K.
name: Grenier, Isabelle A.
name: Pierbattista, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results of our pulsar population synthesis of normal pulsars from the Galactic disk using our previously developed computer code. On the same footing, we use slot gap and outer gap models for gamma-ray emission from normal pulsars to obtain statistics of radio-loud and radio-quiet gamma-ray pulsars. From recently improved understanding of HII and star forming regions in the Galaxy, we develop a new surface density model of the birth location of neutron stars. We explore models of neutron star evolution with magnetic field-decay, and with different initial period and magnetic field distributions. We present preliminary results including simulated population statistics that are compared with recent detections by Fermi of normal, isolated pulsars.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, to appear in the proceedings of the Pulsar 2010 Conference, Italy, 10 - 15 October 2010
Some Properties of Finitely Presented Groups with Topological Viewpoints
Creators: name: Mashayekhy, Behrooz
name: Mirebrahimi, Hanieh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57M07, 20E06, 20C25, 57M05, 57M10, 55P20

description: In this paper, using some properties of fundamental groups and covering spaces of connected polyhedra and CW-complexes, we present topological proof for some famous theorems about finitely presented groups.
description: 8 pages
Time dependent simulations of multiwavelength variability of the blazar Mrk 421 with a Monte Carlo multi-zone code
Creators: name: Chen, Xuhui
name: Fossati, Giovanni
name: Liang, Edison
name: Boettcher, Markus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: (abridged) We present a new time-dependent multi-zone radiative transfer code and its application to study the SSC emission of Mrk 421. The code couples Fokker-Planck and Monte Carlo methods, in a 2D geometry. For the first time all the light travel time effects (LCTE) are fully considered, along with a proper treatment of Compton cooling, which depends on them. We study a set of simple scenarios where the variability is produced by injection of relativistic electrons as a `shock front' crosses the emission region. We consider emission from two components, with the second one either being pre-existing and co-spatial and participating in the evolution of the active region, or spatially separated and independent, only diluting the observed variability. Temporal and spectral results of the simulation are compared to the multiwavelength observations of Mrk 421 in March 2001. We find parameters that can adequately fit the observed SEDs and multiwavelength light curves and correlations. There remain however a few open issues, most notably: i) systematic soft intra-band X-ray lags. ii) The quadratic correlation between the TeV and X-ray flux during the flare decay has not been reproduced. These features are among those affected by the spatial extent and geometry of the source. The difficulty of producing hard X-ray lags is exacerbated by a bias towards soft lags caused by the combination of energy dependent radiative cooling time-scales and LCTE. About the second emission component, our results strongly favor the scenario where it is co-spatial and it participates in the flare evolution, suggesting that different phases of activity may occur in the same region. The cases presented in this paper represent only an initial study, and despite their limited scope they make a strong case for the need of true time-dependent and multi-zone modeling.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS, 20 pages, 9 figures
Molecular mechanisms of host-symbiont recognition in a highly specific sponge-archaeal symbiosis
Creators: name: Zaikova, Elena
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: Evolution of multicellular eukaryotes is intimately associated with microbial interactions resulting in diversification and niche expansion. This long history of co-evolution is evident in metabolic interdependence, and reliance of animal (i.e. metazoan) ecosystems on their microbiota for healthy development and function. Specific recognition between interacting partners is essential for establishing and successfully maintaining interspecies associations, and involves host immunity and symbiont-encoded factors. Sponges represent the most deeply branching animal phylum with the potential to shed new light on the evolution of innate immunity and host-microbe interactions within the metazoa. Marine sponges harbour diverse microbial communities that contribute to higher order ecosystem functions including primary production and nutrient cycling. However, molecular mechanisms mediating symbiont recognition and host immune signalling in sponge symbioses are unknown. This knowledge gap stems from the fact that most sponge-associated microbes remain uncultivated and no sponge host/symbiont culture systems exist. In this thesis, I used cultivation-independent approaches including environmental genomics, transcriptomics, and proteomics in combination with homology modeling and community composition profiling to identify molecular determinants of sponge symbiosis in the sponge Dragmacidon mexicanum. Community composition profiling indicated that D. mexicanum is a high microbial abundance sponge harbouring a specific microbial community dominated by the Thaumarchaeaote Cenarchaeum symbiosum. Comparative genomics and gene expression profiling identified potential symbiont-encoded proteins including serine protease inhibitors (serpins) with the potential to mediate host-microbe interactions that were not found in closely related free-living Thaumarchaeaota, consistent with C. symbiosum’s adaptation to a symbiotic lifestyle. Biochemical assays were subsequently used to characterize serpin activity and infer function. Immunity determinants previously unreported in sponges were identified, enabling near-complete reconstruction of innate immune signalling pathways and partial adaptive immunity pathways. Thus, this work expanded the known complexity of sponge immune signalling and suggests a more ancient origin of certain pathways than previously recognized. The composition of sponge innate immunity may reflect the complex nature of sponge-associated microbiota, which likely acquired adaptive features to thrive in the host milieu. Taken together, this thesis provides novel insights into the evolution of host-microbial recognition, archaeal adaptations to a symbiotic lifestyle, and molecular interactions between archaea and eukaryotic cells.
#Menstruation: Instagram Users Challenging Social Stigma
Creators: name: Hodge, Samarah
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2019
Subjects: menstruation
period
Instagram
stigma
taboo
social media
empowerment
menstrual activism
normalize
destigmatize
challenging
women's health
resistance

description: In many societies there is a stigma surrounding menstruation. It is often perpetuated through representations in advertisements as well as lack of open discussions. This thesis investigates ways that people are presenting menstruation on the social media platform Instagram and concludes that this is a space which allows the normative menstruation discourse to be challenged. Instagram is a widely used app that allows users to interact with others through sharing photos and has the potential to be a space for empowerment and challenging dominant ideologies. Publicly accessible photos were collected from the app using hashtags related to menstruation and menstrual activism, as well as menstrual activist accounts and menstrual product accounts. The results of a qualitative content analysis reveal numerous themes which challenge or reinforce the stigmas: Empowerment, Solidarity, Resistance, Normalizing Periods, Women’s Health, Standard/Normative, Eco-Friendly and Marketing.
Tata Kelola Database Perguruan Tinggi Yang Optimal Dengan Data Warehouse
Creators: name: Warnars, Spits
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: H.2.7

description: The emergence of new higher education institutions has created the competition in higher education market, and data warehouse can be used as an effective technology tools for increasing competitiveness in the higher education market. Data warehouse produce reliable reports for the institution's high-level management in short time for faster and better decision making, not only on increasing the admission number of students, but also on the possibility to find extraordinary, unconventional funds for the institution. Efficiency comparison was based on length and amount of processed records, total processed byte, amount of processed tables, time to run query and produced record on OLTP database and data warehouse. Efficiency percentages was measured by the formula for percentage increasing and the average efficiency percentage of 461.801,04% shows that using data warehouse is more powerful and efficient rather than using OLTP database. Data warehouse was modeled based on hypercube which is created by limited high demand reports which usually used by high level management. In every table of fact and dimension fields will be inserted which represent the loading constructive merge where the ETL (Extraction, Transformation and Loading) process is run based on the old and new files.
description: 10 pages, 12 figures and 4 tables
Polarization-entanglement conserving frequency conversion of photons
Creators: name: Ramelow, Sven
name: Fedrizzi, Alessandro
name: Poppe, Andreas
name: Langford, Nathan K.
name: Zeilinger, Anton
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Entangled photons play a pivotal role in the distribution of quantum information in quantum networks. However, the frequency bands for optimal transmission and storage of photons are not necessarily the same. Here we experimentally demonstrate the coherent frequency conversion of photons entangled in their polarization, a widely used degree of freedom in photonic quantum information processing. We verify the successful entanglement conversion by violating a Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt (CHSH) Bell inequality and fully confirm that our characterised fidelity of entanglement transfer is close to unity using both state and process tomography. Our implementation is robust and flexible, making it a practical building block for future quantum networks.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Additional file 3 of Discovery and validation of PZP as a novel serum biomarker for screening lung adenocarcinoma in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients
Creators: name: Yang, Jiayue
name: Yang, Cheng
name: Shen, Hong
name: Wu, Wenjun
name: Tian, Zhen
name: Xu, Qinghua
name: Cao, Cuiping
name: Ye, Shugao
name: Ban, Le
name: Tong, Xin
name: Mei, Jie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Virology

description: Additional file 3: Figure S3. Validation of IGFBP3 by ELISA analysis. (A) Correlation between PRM-MS and ELISA assay results for IGFBP3. (B) Differential expression of IGFBP3 in the T2DM+LAC and T2DM groups.
Deepening democracy through constituency formation via 'self-appointed' representative contexts
Creators: name: Rumeau, Dominique
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: Self-appointed representatives may deepen democracy beyond the limits of the standard accounts of representation. For self-appointed representatives to trigger democracy, it must be possible to generate alternative constituencies based on the 'all affected interest principle', that is, those individuals whose interests are affected by collective decisions should have the opportunity to influence those decisions. Likewise, this process of constituency formation, leads to the pluralization of the political subjects of democracy, the pluralization of the temporality of political processes of representation, and the pluralization of the spaces for political infusion, which in turn expand the opportunities for achieving individual self-determination and self-development.
Additional file 2 of Discovery and validation of PZP as a novel serum biomarker for screening lung adenocarcinoma in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients
Creators: name: Yang, Jiayue
name: Yang, Cheng
name: Shen, Hong
name: Wu, Wenjun
name: Tian, Zhen
name: Xu, Qinghua
name: Cao, Cuiping
name: Ye, Shugao
name: Ban, Le
name: Tong, Xin
name: Mei, Jie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Virology

description: Additional file 2: Figure S2. Standard curve of ELISA assay for (A) PZP and (B) IGFBP3.
Gravitational waves from intermediate-mass black holes in young clusters
Creators: name: Mapelli, M.
name: Huwyler, C.
name: Mayer, L.
name: Jetzer, Ph.
name: Vecchio, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Massive young clusters (YCs) are expected to host intermediate-mass black holes (IMBHs) born via runaway collapse. These IMBHs are likely in binaries and can undergo mergers with other compact objects, such as stellar mass black holes (BHs) and neutron stars (NSs). We derive the frequency of such mergers starting from information available in the Local Universe. Mergers of IMBH-NS and IMBH-BH binaries are sources of gravitational waves (GWs), which might allow us to reveal the presence of IMBHs. We thus examine their detectability by current and future GW observatories, both ground- and space-based. In particular, as representative of different classes of instruments we consider Initial and Advanced LIGO, the Einstein gravitational-wave Telescope (ET) and the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA). We find that IMBH mergers are unlikely to be detected with instruments operating at the current sensitivity (Initial LIGO). LISA detections are disfavored by the mass range of IMBH-NS and IMBH-BH binaries: less than one event per year is expected to be observed by such instrument. Advanced LIGO is expected to observe a few merger events involving IMBH binaries in a 1-year long observation. Advanced LIGO is particularly suited for mergers of relatively light IMBHs (~100 Msun) with stellar mass BHs. The number of mergers detectable with ET is much larger: tens (hundreds) of IMBH-NS (IMBH-BH) mergers might be observed per year, according to the runaway collapse scenario for the formation of IMBHs. We note that our results are affected by large uncertainties, produced by poor observational constraints on many of the physical processes involved in this study, such as the evolution of the YC density with redshift.[abridged]
description: 29 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Additional file 4 of Discovery and validation of PZP as a novel serum biomarker for screening lung adenocarcinoma in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients
Creators: name: Yang, Jiayue
name: Yang, Cheng
name: Shen, Hong
name: Wu, Wenjun
name: Tian, Zhen
name: Xu, Qinghua
name: Cao, Cuiping
name: Ye, Shugao
name: Ban, Le
name: Tong, Xin
name: Mei, Jie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Virology

description: Additional file 4: Figure S4. (A) The expression of PZP mRNA in lung cancer and (B) its correlations with immune cells infiltration.
Explicit zero-free regions for Dedekind Zeta functions
Creators: name: Kadiri, Habiba
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 11M41, Secondary 11R42, 11M26

description: Let K be a number field, n_K its degree, and d_K the absolute value of its discriminant. We prove that, if d_K is sufficiently large, then the Dedekind zeta function associated to K has no zeros in the region: Re(s) > 1 - 1/(12.55 log d_K + 9.69 n_K log|Im s| + 3.03 n_K + 58.63) and |Im s| > 1. Moreover, it has at most one zero in the region: Re (s) > 1- 1/(12.74 log d_K) and |Im s| < 1. This zero if it exists is simple and is real. This argument also improves a result of Stark by a factor of 2: there is at most one zero in the region Re (s) > 1 - 1/(2 log d_K) and |Im s| < 1/(2 log d_K).
description: To appear in International Journal of Number Theory
Dynamic Cloth Manipulation Considering Variable Stiffness and Material Change Using Deep Predictive Model with Parametric Bias
Creators: name: Kawaharazuka, Kento
name: Miki, Akihiro
name: Bando, Masahiro
name: Okada, Kei
name: Inaba, Masayuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Dynamic manipulation of flexible objects such as fabric, which is difficult to modelize, is one of the major challenges in robotics. With the development of deep learning, we are beginning to see results in simulations and in some actual robots, but there are still many problems that have not yet been tackled. Humans can move their arms at high speed using their flexible bodies skillfully, and even when the material to be manipulated changes, they can manipulate the material after moving it several times and understanding its characteristics. Therefore, in this research, we focus on the following two points: (1) body control using a variable stiffness mechanism for more dynamic manipulation, and (2) response to changes in the material of the manipulated object using parametric bias. By incorporating these two approaches into a deep predictive model, we show through simulation and actual robot experiments that Musashi-W, a musculoskeletal humanoid with variable stiffness mechanism, can dynamically manipulate cloth while detecting changes in the physical properties of the manipulated object.
description: Accepted at Frontiers in Neurorobotics
Controlled comparative feeding experiments for finfish
Creators: name: Weiss, M
name: Slater, M. J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018

description: Understanding the impact of different dietary composition on the growth, health and welfare of farmed fish is essential to allow optimal diets to be developed in aquaculture. This is particularly important in the case of diets developed to be ecologically improved through the use of sustainable land-sourced protein sources. The reaction of aquatic fish to diet formulations can only be determined under controlled feeding conditions, where a wide range of key indicators are collected to provide a holistic view of the animals’ response in terms of growth, immune status and potential physiological stress. Diet formulation will be defined in a separate SOP. Firstly, fish must be acclimatised to the tanks and RAS System to be used for experiments. The system must be equipped with an appropriate number of replicate units to allow a minimum of 4 replicates per diet / treatment. All appropriate veterinary allowance/ethics procedures must be complied with. In these experiments, one aims to: 1) Randomly assign a number of formulated diets to equal numbers of appropriately similar animals in replicate tanks and to feed these diets to these animals over a suitable period of time to allow observation of the effects (as measured by a variety of response parameters) of the different diet treatments isolated from all other potential effects. 2) The effectiveness of the experiment lies in the exact application of the diets, and extremely accurate sampling and measurement at the experimental onset, at interim measurements and at final sampling. 3) Selected parameters to be monitored can be grouped either; · by sampling type i.e. biometrics (size, organ indices etc.), blood/serum analytics (haematocrit, glucose, pH etc.), histology (liver histology) and behavioural observation; or · by indicator type i.e. immune and metabolism (lysozyme in liver / gills), stress (behavioural observation), performance (growth, food conversion ratio).
description: The information presented here has been thoroughly researched and is believed to be accurate and correct. However, the authors cannot be held legally responsible for any errors. There are no warranties, expressed or implied, made with respect to the information provided. The authors will not be liable for any direct, indirect, special, incidental or consequential damages arising out of the use or inability to use the content of this publication.