cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Removing External Degrees of Freedom from Transition-State Search Methods using Quaternions
Creators: name: Melander, Marko
name: Laasonen, Kari
name: Jonsson, Hannes
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In finite systems, such as nanoparticles and gas-phase molecules, calculations of minimum energy paths (MEPs) connecting initial and final states of transitions as well as searches for saddle points are complicated by the presence of external degrees of freedom, such as overall translation and rotation. A method based on quaternion algebra for removing the external degrees of freedom is described here and applied in calculations using two commonly used methods: the nudged elastic band (NEB) method for MEPs and the DIMER method for finding the minimum mode in minimum mode following searches of first-order saddle points. With the quaternion approach, fewer images in the NEB are needed to represent MEPs accurately. In both NEB and DIMER calculations of finite systems, the number of iterations required to reach convergence is significantly reduced. The algorithms have been implemented in the Atomic Simulation Environment (ASE) open source software.
description: Quaternion method for removing translations and rotations in NEB and DIMER calculations
The number radial coherent states for the generalized MICZ-Kepler problem
Creators: name: Ojeda-Guillén, D.
name: Salazar-Ramírez, M.
name: Mota, R. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the radial part of the MICZ-Kepler problem in an algebraic way by using the $su(1,1)$ Lie algebra. We obtain the energy spectrum and the eigenfunctions of this problem from the $su(1,1)$ theory of unitary representations and the tilting transformation to the stationary Schrödinger equation. We construct the physical Perelomov number coherent states for this problem and compute some expectation values. Also, we obtain the time evolution of these coherent states.
SYNTACTICAL CLASSIFICATION OF SOME PARTS OF SPEECH
Creators: name: Qurbonova, Nigina Xolmurod Qizi
Publisher: name: Central Asian Research Journal for Interdisciplinary Studies (CARJIS)
Year: 2022
Subjects: phraseology
phraseological unit
set expression
synonymy
definition

description: This article is dedicated to syntactical classification of some parts of speech, definition and translation of some words
Atom Probe Tomography Spatial Reconstruction: Status and Directions
Creators: name: Larson, David J.
name: Gault, Baptiste
name: Geiser, Brian P.
name: De Geuser, Frederic
name: Vurpillot, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this review we present an overview of the current atom probe tomography spatial data reconstruction paradigm, and explore some of potential routes to improve the current methodology in order to yield a more accurate representation of nanoscale microstructure. Many of these potential improvement methods are directly tied to extensive application of advanced numerical methods, which are also very briefly reviewed. We have described effects resulting from the application of the standard model and then introduced several potential improvements, first in the far field, and, second, in the near field. The issues encountered in both cases are quite different but ultimately they combine to determine the spatial resolution of the technique.
description: 42 pages
Matching effective chiral Lagrangians with dimensional and lattice regularization
Creators: name: Niedermayer, Ferenc
name: Weisz, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the free energy in the presence of a chemical potential coupled to a conserved charge in effective O($n$) scalar field theory (without explicit symmetry breaking terms) to NNL order for asymmetric volumes in general $d$--dimensions, using dimensional (DR) and lattice regularizations. This yields relations between the 4-derivative couplings appearing in the effective actions for the two regularizations, which in turn allows us to translate results, e.g. the mass gap in a finite periodic box in $d=3+1$ dimensions, from one regularization to the other. Consistency is found with a new direct computation of the mass gap using DR. For the case $n=4, d=4$ the model is the low-energy effective theory of QCD with $N_{\rm f}=2$ massless quarks. The results can thus be used to obtain estimates of low energy constants in the effective chiral Lagrangian from measurements of the low energy observables, including the low lying spectrum of $N_{\rm f}=2$ QCD in the $δ$--regime using lattice simulations, as proposed by Peter Hasenfratz, or from the susceptibility corresponding to the chemical potential used.
description: 47 pages, no figures; dedication added and a typo corrected
Exploring the Possibilities of Producing Pulp and Paper from Discarded Lignocellulosic Fibers
Creators: name: NagarajaGanesh, B.
name: Rekha, B.
name: Mohanavel, V.
name: Ganeshan, P.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology

description: The main objective of this work was to explore the prospects of producing pulp and paper from leftover lignocellulosic fibers. In this study discarded Cocos nucifera fibers were collected from an abandoned site and were washed thoroughly. FTIR analysis, chemical composition and fiber morphology studies were conducted. FTIR showed the presence of holocellulose and lignin in the fibers. Chemical analysis showed the holocellulose content as 37.8 wt%. Fiber length, fiber diameter, lumen diameter and cell wall thickness were observed using microscope and derived fiber indices that determine the possibility of producing paper were evaluated. The derived indices such as Runkel index, slenderness ratio, co-efficient of rigidity, flexibility co-efficient, Luce’s shape factor and Solids factor of the fibers were evaluated as 67.9%, 44.11, 58.83%, 0.199, 0.49 and 278.53x103 respectively. All these indices are in good agreement with fibers recommended and used for pulp and paper production. High lignin content present in the fibers is a limitation and it can be removed through appropriate delignification techniques. Thus the study showed that discarded fibers can be used for producing pulp, paper and allied products.
Patient safety and quality improvement education: a cross-sectional study of medical students' preferences and attitudes
Creators: name: Hines, Rachel E
name: Viera, Anthony
name: Teigland, Claire L
name: Meyerhoff, Karen L
name: Wilson, Lindsay A
name: Blasiak, Rachel C
Publisher: name: BioMed Central Ltd
Year: 2013

description: Abstract Background Recent educational initiatives by both the World Health Organization and the American Association of Medical Colleges have endorsed integrating teaching of patient safety and quality improvement (QI) to medical students. Curriculum development should take into account learners’ attitudes and preferences. We surveyed students to assess preferences and attitudes about QI and patient safety education. Methods An electronic survey was developed through focus groups, literature review, and local expert opinion and distributed via email to all medical students at a single medical school in the spring of 2012. Results A greater proportion of students reported previous exposure to patient safety than to quality improvement topics (79% vs. 47%). More than 80% of students thought patient safety was of the same or greater importance than basic science or clinical skills whereas quality improvement was rated as the same or more important by about 70% of students. Students rated real life examples of quality improvement projects and participation in these projects with actual patients as potentially the most helpful (mean scores 4.2/5 and 3.9/5 respectively). For learning about patient safety, real life examples of mistakes were again rated most highly (mean scores 4.5/5 for MD presented mistakes and 4.1/5 for patient presented mistakes). Students rated QI as very important to their future career regardless of intended specialty (mean score 4.5/5). Conclusions Teaching of patient safety and quality improvement to medical students will be best received if it is integrated into clinical education rather than solely taught in pre-clinical lectures or through independent computer modules. Students recognize that these topics are important to their careers as future physicians regardless of intended specialty.
Electronic structure and phase stability of oxide semiconductors: Performance of dielectric-dependent hybrid functional DFT, benchmarked against $GW$ band structure calculations and experiments
Creators: name: Gerosa, Matteo
name: Bottani, Carlo Enrico
name: Caramella, Lucia
name: Onida, Giovanni
name: Di Valentin, Cristiana
name: Pacchioni, Gianfranco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate band gaps, equilibrium structures, and phase stabilities of several bulk polymorphs of wide-gap oxide semiconductors ZnO, TiO2,ZrO2, and WO3. We are particularly concerned with assessing the performance of hybrid functionals built with the fraction of Hartree-Fock exact exchange obtained from the computed electronic dielectric constant of the material. We provide comparison with more standard density-functional theory and GW methods. We finally analyze the chemical reduction of TiO2 into Ti2O3, involving a change in oxide stoichiometry. We show that the dielectric-dependent hybrid functional is generally good at reproducing both ground-state (lattice constants, phase stability sequences, and reaction energies) and excited-state (photoemission gaps) properties within a single, fully ab initio framework.
description: Minor changes in the final published version
A prospective cohort study of biomarkers of prenatal tobacco smoke exposure: the correlation between serum and meconium and their association with infant birth weight
Creators: name: Poole, Charles
name: Olshan, Andrew
name: Braun, Joe M.
name: Daniels, Julie
Publisher: name: BioMed Central Ltd
Year: 2010

description: Abstract Background The evaluation of infant meconium as a cumulative matrix of prenatal toxicant exposure requires comparison to established biomarkers of prenatal exposure. Methods We calculated the frequency of detection and concentration of tobacco smoke metabolites measured in meconium (nicotine, cotinine, and trans-3'-hydroxycotinine concentrations) and three serial serum cotinine concentrations taken during the latter two-thirds of pregnancy among 337 mother-infant dyads. We estimated the duration and intensity of prenatal tobacco smoke exposure using serial serum cotinine concentrations and calculated geometric mean meconium tobacco smoke metabolite concentrations according to prenatal exposure. We also compared the estimated associations between these prenatal biomarkers and infant birth weight using linear regression. Results We detected nicotine (80%), cotinine (69%), and trans-3'-hydroxycotinine (57%) in most meconium samples. Meconium tobacco smoke metabolite concentrations were positively associated with serum cotinine concentrations and increased with the number of serum cotinine measurements consistent with secondhand or active tobacco smoke exposure. Like serum cotinine, meconium tobacco smoke metabolites were inversely associated with birth weight. Conclusions Meconium is a useful biological matrix for measuring prenatal tobacco smoke exposure and could be used in epidemiological studies that enroll women and infants at birth. Meconium holds promise as a biological matrix for measuring the intensity and duration of environmental toxicant exposure and future studies should validate the utility of meconium using other environmental toxicants.
Coordinated evolution of co-expressed gene clusters in the Drosophila transcriptome
Creators: name: Jones, Corbin
Publisher: name: BioMed Central Ltd
Year: 2008

description: Abstract Background Co-expression of genes that physically cluster together is a common characteristic of eukaryotic transcriptomes. This organization of transcriptomes suggests that coordinated evolution of gene expression for clustered genes may also be common. Clusters where expression evolution of each gene is not independent of their neighbors are important units for understanding transcriptome evolution. Results We used a common microarray platform to measure gene expression in seven closely related species in the Drosophila melanogaster subgroup, accounting for confounding effects of sequence divergence. To summarize the correlation structure among genes in a chromosomal region, we analyzed the fraction of variation along the first principal component of the correlation matrix. We analyzed the correlation for blocks of consecutive genes to assess patterns of correlation that may be manifest at different scales of coordinated expression. We find that expression of physically clustered genes does evolve in a coordinated manner in many locations throughout the genome. Our analysis shows that relatively few of these clusters are near heterochromatin regions and that these clusters tend to be over-dispersed relative to the rest of the genome. This suggests that these clusters are not the byproduct of local gene clustering. We also analyzed the pattern of co-expression among neighboring genes within a single Drosophila species: D. simulans. For the co-expression clusters identified within this species, we find an under-representation of genes displaying a signature of recurrent adaptive amino acid evolution consistent with previous findings. However, clusters displaying co-evolution of expression among species are enriched for adaptively evolving genes. This finding points to a tie between adaptive sequence evolution and evolution of the transcriptome. Conclusion Our results demonstrate that co-evolution of expression in gene clusters is relatively common among species in the D. melanogaster subgroup. We consider the possibility that local regulation of expression in gene clusters may drive the connection between adaptive sequence and coordinated gene expression evolution.
Proteomic and functional mapping of cardiac NaV1.5 channel phosphorylation sites
Creators: name: Lorenzini, Maxime
name: Burel, Sophie
name: Lesage, Adrien
name: Wagner, Emily
name: Charrière, Camille
name: Chevillard, Pierre-Marie
name: Evrard, Bérangère
name: Maloney, Dan
name: Ruff, Kiersten M.
name: Pappu, Rohit V.
name: Wagner, Stefan
name: Nerbonne, Jeanne M.
name: Silva, Jonathan R.
name: Townsend, R. Reid
name: Maier, Lars S.
name: Marionneau, Céline
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cellular Physiology, Molecular Physiology, Pathophysiology, Protein Structure and Dynamics
subject: 610 Medizin

description: Phosphorylation of the voltage-gated Na+ (NaV) channel NaV1.5 regulates cardiac excitability, yet the phosphorylation sites regulating its function and the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. Using a systematic, quantitative phosphoproteomic approach, we analyzed NaV1.5 channel complexes purified from nonfailing and failing mouse left ventricles, and we identified 42 phosphorylation sites on NaV1.5. Most sites are clustered, and three of these clusters are highly phosphorylated. Analyses of phosphosilent and phosphomimetic NaV1.5 mutants revealed the roles of three phosphosites in regulating NaV1.5 channel expression and gating. The phosphorylated serines S664 and S667 regulate the voltage dependence of channel activation in a cumulative manner, whereas the nearby S671, the phosphorylation of which is increased in failing hearts, regulates cell surface NaV1.5 expression and peak Na+ current. No additional roles could be assigned to the other clusters of phosphosites. Taken together, our results demonstrate that ventricular NaV1.5 is highly phosphorylated and that the phosphorylation-dependent regulation of NaV1.5 channels is highly complex, site specific, and dynamic.
Reliability and Validity of a Nutrition and Physical Activity Environmental Self-Assessment for Child Care
Creators: name: Ball, Sarah C
name: Ammerman, Alice
name: Ward, Dianne
name: Bangdiwala, Shrikant
name: Neelon, Brian
Publisher: name: BioMed Central Ltd
Year: 2007

description: Abstract Background Few assessment instruments have examined the nutrition and physical activity environments in child care, and none are self-administered. Given the emerging focus on child care settings as a target for intervention, a valid and reliable measure of the nutrition and physical activity environment is needed. Methods To measure inter-rater reliability, 59 child care center directors and 109 staff completed the self-assessment concurrently, but independently. Three weeks later, a repeat self-assessment was completed by a sub-sample of 38 directors to assess test-retest reliability. To assess criterion validity, a researcher-administered environmental assessment was conducted at 69 centers and was compared to a self-assessment completed by the director. A weighted kappa test statistic and percent agreement were calculated to assess agreement for each question on the self-assessment. Results For inter-rater reliability, kappa statistics ranged from 0.20 to 1.00 across all questions. Test-retest reliability of the self-assessment yielded kappa statistics that ranged from 0.07 to 1.00. The inter-quartile kappa statistic ranges for inter-rater and test-retest reliability were 0.45 to 0.63 and 0.27 to 0.45, respectively. When percent agreement was calculated, questions ranged from 52.6% to 100% for inter-rater reliability and 34.3% to 100% for test-retest reliability. Kappa statistics for validity ranged from -0.01 to 0.79, with an inter-quartile range of 0.08 to 0.34. Percent agreement for validity ranged from 12.9% to 93.7%. Conclusion This study provides estimates of criterion validity, inter-rater reliability and test-retest reliability for an environmental nutrition and physical activity self-assessment instrument for child care. Results indicate that the self-assessment is a stable and reasonably accurate instrument for use with child care interventions. We therefore recommend the Nutrition and Physical Activity Self-Assessment for Child Care (NAP SACC) instrument to researchers and practitioners interested in conducting healthy weight intervention in child care. However, a more robust, less subjective measure would be more appropriate for researchers seeking an outcome measure to assess intervention impact.
Tests of the planetary hypothesis for PTFO 8-8695b
Creators: name: Yu, Liang
name: Winn, Joshua N.
name: Gillon, Michaël
name: Albrecht, Simon
name: Rappaport, Saul
name: Bieryla, Allyson
name: Dai, Fei
name: Delrez, Laetitia
name: Hillenbrand, Lynne
name: Holman, Matthew J.
name: Howard, Andrew W.
name: Huang, Chelsea X.
name: Isaacson, Howard
name: Jehin, Emmanuel
name: Lendl, Monika
name: Montet, Benjamin T.
name: Muirhead, Philip
name: Sanchis-Ojeda, Roberto
name: Triaud, Amaury H. M. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The T Tauri star PTFO 8-8695 exhibits periodic fading events that have been interpreted as the transits of a giant planet on a precessing orbit. Here we present three tests of the planet hypothesis. First, we sought evidence for the secular changes in light-curve morphology that are predicted to be a consequence of orbital precession. We observed 28 fading events spread over several years, and did not see the expected changes. Instead we found that the fading events are not strictly periodic. Second, we attempted to detect the planet's radiation, based on infrared observations spanning the predicted times of occultations. We ruled out a signal of the expected amplitude. Third, we attempted to detect the Rossiter-McLaughlin effect by performing high-resolution spectroscopy throughout a fading event. No effect was seen at the expected level, ruling out most (but not all) possible orientations for the hypothetical planetary orbit. Our spectroscopy also revealed strong, time-variable, high-velocity Hα and Ca H & K emission features. All these observations cast doubt on the planetary hypothesis, and suggest instead that the fading events represent starspots, eclipses by circumstellar dust, or occultations of an accretion hotspot.
description: 18 pages, 19 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
TA’LIM JARAYONIDA TYUTOR VA TALABA HAMKORLIGINING PSIXOLOGIK ASPEKTLARI
Creators: name: Tojiboev, Marat Normadovich
Publisher: name: Central Asian Research Journal for Interdisciplinary Studies (CARJIS)
Year: 2022
Subjects: tyutor
talaba
hamkorlik munosabatlar
shaxslararo munosabat
psixologik tahlil.

description: Ushbu maqolada ta‟lim jarayonida tyutor va talaba hamkorligining psixologik aspektlari yoritilgan. Bunda tyutor va talaba hamkorlik munosabatlarini shakllantiruvchi, uning samaradorliligini ta‟minlovchi, shaxslararo munosabat va hamkorlik faoliyatiga salbiy ta‟sir etuvchi sotsial-psixologik, hissiy-emotsional, ma‟naviy-madaniy va hududiy omillar ta‟sirini tadqiq etganligi tufayli qimmatli ilmiy natijalar olindi va psixologik tahlili amalga oshirildi.
A role for cryptochromes in sleep regulation
Creators: name: Selby, Chris P
name: Sancar, Aziz
Publisher: name: BioMed Central Ltd
Year: 2002

description: Abstract: Background: The cryptochrome 1 and 2 genes (cry1 and cry2) are necessary for the generation of circadian rhythms, as mice lacking both of these genes (cry1,2-/-) lack circadian rhythms. We studied sleep in cry1,2-/- mice under baseline conditions as well as under conditions of constant darkness and enforced wakefulness to determine whether cryptochromes influence sleep regulatory processes. Results: Under all three conditions, cry1,2-/- mice exhibit the hallmarks of high non-REM sleep (NREMS) drive (i.e., increases in NREMS time, NREMS consolidation, and EEG delta power during NREMS). This unexpected phenotype was associated with elevated brain mRNA levels of period 1 and 2 (per1,2), and albumin d-binding protein (dbp), which are known to be transcriptionally inhibited by CRY1,2. To further examine the relationship between circadian genes and sleep homeostasis, we examined wild type mice and rats following sleep deprivation and found increased levels of per1,2 mRNA and decreased levels of dbp mRNA specifically in the cerebral cortex; these changes subsided with recovery sleep. The expression of per3, cry1,2, clock, npas2, bmal1, and casein-kinase- 1ε did not change with sleep deprivation. Conclusions: These results indicate that mice lacking cryptochromes are not simply a genetic model of circadian arrhythmicity in rodents and functionally implicate cryptochromes in the homeostatic regulation of sleep.
People are reluctant to accept mood enhancement than cognitive enhancement through technological implants (the cyborg)
Creators: name: Hao-tian, Zhang
name: Yu, Feng
name: Ding, Xiaojun
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
subject: Social Psychology
subject: Computer Sciences
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Artificial Intelligence and Robotics

description: People are reluctant to accept mood enhancement than cognitive enhancement through technological implants (the cyborg)
Impact of directional walk on atom probe microanalysis
Creators: name: Gault, Baptiste
name: Danoix, Frederic
name: Hoummada, Khalid
name: Mangelinck, Dominique
name: Leitner, Harald
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the atom probe microanalysis of steels, inconsistencies in the measured compositions of solutes (C, N) have often been reported, as well as their appearance as molecular ions. Here we propose that these issues might arise from surface migration of solute atoms over the specimen surface. Surface migration of solutes is evidenced by field-ion microscopy observations, and its consequences on atom probe microanalysis are detailed for a wide range of solute (P, Si, Mn, B, C, N). It is proposed that directional walk driven by field gradients over the specimen surface and thermally activated is the prominent effect.
description: 30 pages , 10 figures
A 3-3-1 model with right-handed neutrinos based on the $Δ\left(27\right)$ family symmetry
Creators: name: Hernández, A. E. Cárcamo
name: Long, H. N.
name: Vien, V. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first multiscalar singlet extension of the 3-3-1 model with right-handed neutrinos, based on the $Δ\left( 27\right) $ family symmetry, supplemented by the $Z_{4}\otimes Z_{8}\otimes Z_{14}$ flavor group, consistent with current low energy fermion flavor data. In the model under consideration, the light active neutrino masses are generated from a double seesaw mechanism and the observed pattern of charged fermion masses and quark mixing angles is caused by the breaking of the $Δ\left( 27\right) \otimes Z_{4}\otimes Z_{8}\otimes Z_{14}$ discrete group at very high energy. Our model has only 14 effective free parameters, which are fitted to reproduce the experimental values of the 18 physical observables in the quark and lepton sectors. The obtained physical observables for the quark sector agree with their experimental values, whereas those ones for the lepton sector also do, only for the inverted neutrino mass hierarchy. The normal neutrino mass hierarchy scenario of the model is disfavored by the neutrino oscillation experimental data. We find an effective Majorana neutrino mass parameter of neutrinoless double beta decay of $m_{ββ}=$ 22 meV, a leptonic Dirac CP violating phase of $34^{\circ }$ and a Jarlskog invariant of about $10^{-2}$ for the inverted neutrino mass spectrum.
description: 22 pages. Final version published in European Physical Journal C. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1601.03300, arXiv:1309.6567
THE IMPORTANCE OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INCREASING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF ENGLISH TEACHING
Creators: name: Malikova, Madina
Publisher: name: Central Asian Research Journal for Interdisciplinary Studies (CARJIS)
Year: 2022
Subjects: Information Technology (IT)
intensity
motivation
innovation
real communication
distance learning

description: We all know that technology plays an important role in our life in the process of globalization. In particular, it is no secret that in the field of education, new ideas and opinions related to information technology are being developed day by day in order to learn and teach English. This article seeks to highlight how effective the use of information technology is in teaching English.
A heart failure self-management program for patients of all literacy levels: A randomized, controlled trial [ISRCTN11535170]
Creators: name: Malone, Robert M.
name: Bryant, Mary E.
name: Dewalt, Darren
name: Pignone, Michael
name: Kosnar, Margaret C.
name: Sueta, Carla A.
name: Corr, Kelly E.
Publisher: name: BioMed Central Ltd
Year: 2006

description: Abstract: Background: Self-management programs for patients with heart failure can reduce hospitalizations and mortality. However, no programs have analyzed their usefulness for patients with low literacy. We compared the efficacy of a heart failure self-management program designed for patients with low literacy versus usual care. Methods: We performed a 12-month randomized controlled trial. From November 2001 to April 2003, we enrolled participants aged 30–80, who had heart failure and took furosemide. Intervention patients received education on self-care emphasizing daily weight measurement, diuretic dose self-adjustment, and symptom recognition and response. Picture-based educational materials, a digital scale, and scheduled telephone follow-up were provided to reinforce adherence. Control patients received a generic heart failure brochure and usual care. Primary outcomes were combined hospitalization or death, and heart failure-related quality of life. Results: 123 patients (64 control, 59 intervention) participated; 41% had inadequate literacy. Patients in the intervention group had a lower rate of hospitalization or death (crude incidence rate ratio (IRR) = 0.69; CI 0.4, 1.2; adjusted IRR = 0.53; CI 0.32, 0.89). This difference was larger for patients with low literacy (IRR = 0.39; CI 0.16, 0.91) than for higher literacy (IRR = 0.56; CI 0.3, 1.04), but the interaction was not statistically significant. At 12 months, more patients in the intervention group reported monitoring weights daily (79% vs. 29%, p < 0.0001). After adjusting for baseline demographic and treatment differences, we found no difference in heart failure-related quality of life at 12 months (difference = -2; CI -5, +9). Conclusion: A primary care-based heart failure self-management program designed for patients with low literacy reduces the risk of hospitalizations or death.
JREE Methodological Transparency Editor
Creators: name: Grant, Sean
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Education

description: This project page contains materials for the Methodological Transparency Editor (MTE) at the Journal of Research on Educational Effectiveness (JREE). The JREE MTE has two primary roles: overseeing and promoting open science initiatives at JREE, and supporting JREE co-editors on methodological transparency review of empirical papers.
Mycobacterium avium-intracellularecellulitis occurring with septic arthritis after joint injection: a case report
Creators: name: Murdoch, David
name: McDonald, Jay R
Publisher: name: BioMed Central Ltd
Year: 2007

description: Abstract Background Cellulitis caused by Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare has rarely been described. Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare is a rare cause of septic arthritis after intra-articular injection, though the causative role of injection is difficult to ascertain in such cases. Case presentation A 57-year-old with rheumatoid arthritis treated with prednisone and azathioprine developed bilateral painful degenerative shoulder arthritis. After corticosteroid injections into both acromioclavicular joints, he developed bilateral cellulitis centered over the injection sites. Skin biopsy showed non-caseating granulomas, and culture grew Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare. Joint aspiration also revealed Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare infection. Conclusion Although rare, skin and joint infections caused by Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare should be considered in any immunocompromised host, particularly after intra-articular injection. Stains for acid-fast bacilli may be negative in pathologic samples even in the presence of infection; cultures of tissue specimens should always be obtained.
Quantifying the non-ergodicity of scaled Brownian motion
Creators: name: Safdari, Hadiseh
name: Cherstvy, Andrey G.
name: Chechkin, Aleksei V.
name: Thiel, Felix
name: Sokolov, Igor M.
name: Metzler, Ralf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the non-ergodic properties of scaled Brownian motion, a non-stationary stochastic process with a time dependent diffusivity of the form $D(t)\simeq t^{α-1}$. We compute the ergodicity breaking parameter EB in the entire range of scaling exponents $α$, both analytically and via extensive computer simulations of the stochastic Langevin equation. We demonstrate that in the limit of long trajectory lengths $T$ and short lag times $Δ$ the EB parameter as function of the scaling exponent $α$ has no divergence at $α=1/2$ and present the asymptotes for EB in different limits. We generalise the analytical and simulations results for the time averaged and ergodic properties of scaled Brownian motion in the presence of ageing, that is, when the observation of the system starts only a finite time span after its initiation. The approach developed here for the calculation of the higher time averaged moments of the particle displacement can be applied to derive the ergodic properties of other stochastic processes such as fractional Brownian motion.
description: 19 pages, 6 figures (IOP LaTeX)
Genomic screen for loci associated with tobacco usage in Mission Indians
Creators: name: Wilhelmsen, Kirk
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2006

description: Abstract Background The prevalence of tobacco usage in Native American adults and adolescents is higher than any other racial or ethnic group, yet biological risk and protective factors underlying tobacco use in this ethnic group remain unknown. A genome scan for loci associated with tobacco use phenotypes was performed with data collected from a community sample of Mission Indians residing in Southwest California. Methods A structured diagnostic interview was used to define two tobacco use phenotypes: 1) any regular tobacco usage (smoked daily for one month or more) and 2) persistent tobacco usage (smoked at least 10 cigarettes a day for more than one year). Heritability was determined and a linkage analysis was performed, using genotypes for a panel 791 microsatellite polymorphisms, for the two phenotypes using variance component methods implemented in SOLAR. Results Analyses of multipoint variance component LOD scores for the two tobacco use phenotypes revealed two scores that exceeded 2.0 for the regular use phenotype: one on chromosomes 6 and one on 8. Four other loci on chromosomes 1,7,13, and 22 were found with LOD scores between 1.0 and 1.5. Two loci of interest were found on chromosomes 1 and 4 for the persistent use phenotype with LOD scores between 1.3–1.5. Bivariate linkage analysis was conducted at the site on chromosome 4 for persistent tobacco use and an alcohol drinking severity phenotype previously identified at this site. The maximum LOD score for the bivariate analysis for the region was 3.4, however, there was insufficient power to exclude coincident linkage. Conclusion While not providing evidence for linkage to specific chromosomal regions these results identify regions of interest in the genome in this Mission Indian population, for tobacco usage, some of which were identified in previous genome scans of non-native populations. Additionally, these data lend support for the hypothesis that cigarette smoking, alcohol dependence and other consumptive behaviors may share some common risk and/or protective factors in this Mission Indian population.
TRANSAFG'ON TRANSPORT KORIDORLARI: DAVLATLAR MANFAATLARI VA UNI RIVOJLANTIRISH ISTIQBOLLARI
Creators: name: Umidilla Nazrullaevich Ibragimov
name: Mahmudjon Murodjon O’G’Li Tohirov
name: Ro’Za Abdurahmonovna Rahmanbaeva
Publisher: name: Central Asian Research Journal for Interdisciplinary Studies (CARJIS)
Year: 2022
Subjects: transafg‟on
g‟ildirak kengligi
Chabahor
port
koridor.
transafgan
wheel width
corridor.

description: Ushbu maqola transafg‟on koridorini yaratishda ishtirok etgan davlatlarning manfaatlarini, shuningdek, uning rivojlanish istiqbollarini tahlil qilishga bag'ishlangan.
description: This article analyzes the interests of the countries involved in the creation of the Trans-Afghan Corridor, as well as its development prospects
Genome-wide association of trajectories of systolic blood pressure change
Creators: name: Franceschini, Nora
name: Voruganti, Venkata S
name: Love, Shelly-Ann M
name: Justice, Anne E
name: Avery, Christy
name: Young, Kristin L
name: Graff, Misa
name: Chittoor, Geetha
name: Howard, Annie Green
name: Fernández-Rhodes, Lindsay
name: North, Kari
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2016

description: Abstract Background There is great interindividual variation in systolic blood pressure (SBP) as a result of the influences of several factors, including sex, ancestry, smoking status, medication use, and, especially, age. The majority of genetic studies have examined SBP measured cross-sectionally; however, SBP changes over time, and not necessarily in a linear fashion. Therefore, this study conducted a genome-wide association (GWA) study of SBP change trajectories using data available through the Genetic Analysis Workshop 19 (GAW19) of 959 individuals from 20 extended Mexican American families from the San Antonio Family Studies with up to 4 measures of SBP. We performed structural equation modeling (SEM) while taking into account potential genetic effects to identify how, if at all, to include covariates in estimating the SBP change trajectories using a mixture model based latent class growth modeling (LCGM) approach for use in the GWA analyses. Results The semiparametric LCGM approach identified 5 trajectory classes that captured SBP changes across age. Each LCGM identified trajectory group was ranked based on the average number of cumulative years as hypertensive. Using a pairwise comparison of these classes the heritability estimates range from 12 to 94 % (SE = 17 to 40 %). Conclusion These identified trajectories are significantly heritable, and we identified a total of 8 promising loci that influence one’s trajectory in SBP change across age. Our results demonstrate the potential utility of capitalizing on extant genetic data and longitudinal SBP assessments available through GAW19 to explore novel analytical methods with promising results.
On the connection between linear combination of entropies and linear combination of extremizing distributions
Creators: name: Sicuro, Gabriele
name: Bagchi, Debarshee
name: Tsallis, Constantino
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the distribution that extremizes a linear combination of the Boltzmann--Gibbs entropy and the nonadditive $q$-entropy. We show that this distribution can be expressed in terms of a Lambert function. Both the entropic functional and the extremizing distribution can be associated with a nonlinear Fokker--Planck equation obtained from a master equation with nonlinear transition rates. Also, we evaluate the entropy extremized by a linear combination of a Gaussian distribution (which extremizes the Boltzmann--Gibbs entropy) and a $q$-Gaussian distribution (which extremizes the $q$-entropy). We give its explicit expression for $q=0$, and discuss the other cases numerically. The entropy that we obtain can be expressed, for $q=0$, in terms of Lambert functions, and exhibits a discontinuity in the second derivative for all values of $q<1$. The entire discussion is closely related to recent results for type-II superconductors and for the statistics of the standard map.
description: 8 pages, 3 figure
Test project for preregistrationParticulate Autogenous Bone Harvested by Auto Chip Maker Bur Versus Milled Autogenous Bone Block (Invitro Study With Biochemical and Histomorphometric Assessment)
Creators: name: Ali, Randa
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences

description: sixteen bone particle samples were obtained from four adult mongrel dogs (1 to 2 years –old) were conducted in this study. The care of animals before, during and after surgical was done at the Surgical Clinic for Large Animals, Faculty of veterinary Medicine, Cairo university. The study was conducted after receiving ethical approved from the Research Ethics Committee of Faculty of Dentistry, Ain Shams University 2020 (854).Dogs were selected according to inclusion and exclusion criteria from the Faculty of the Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University to investigate the effects of two different techniques on the viability of osteoblasts that are contained in particulate autogenous bone. The first technique (GI) is the milling of a bone block by the bone mill, and the second technique is the auto chip maker (GII). After cell isolation, cells were maintained in α-MEM supplemented with 1% antibiotics -antimycotic (10,000 U/mL penicillin, 10,000μg/mL, streptomycin, and 25μg/mL Amphotericin B). The following assay parameters were conducted to determine cell viability after 2weeks of osteoblast seeding: alkaline phosphatase activity, MTT assay, reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction, and alizarin red staining.Both techniques presented in the present study, bone mill and auto chip maker, showed significant improvement in all parameters in the post-seeded cells, especially using the ACM approach. Indeed, the viable cell count was higher in ACM group.The results of the study revealed that the osteoblasts viability, activity and tissue formation were statistically significant in the auto chip maker group compared to the bone mill group.As regards the MTT assay in cell proliferation, statistically significant higher values were obtained in the ACM group compared to the bone mill group over the four consecutive assessments Regarding osteoblastic differentiation of the outgrowing cells at the level of mRNA, results revealed that the auto chip maker group demonstrated a significantly higher percentage of cell differentiation compared to the bone mill group, and this result favored the auto chip maker technique over the bone mill technique in the viability and differentiation status of the outgrowing cells.The result of the Alizarin Red staining test demonstrated that the auto chip maker test group revealed a significantly higher percentage of mineralized tissue formation compared to the bone mill test group
USE OF PHRASEOLOGICAL UNITS
Creators: name: Shakhnoza Tohirovna Karshieva
Publisher: name: Central Asian Research Journal for Interdisciplinary Studies (CARJIS)
Year: 2022
Subjects: phraseological units
phraseological terms
idioms
phrases
sayings
wise sayings
etc.

description: The present article has reviewed an overview of phraseological terms and analysis by various scholars in the field. Attempts have been made to prove theories through examples of phraseological terms.
A systematic review of the use of the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research
Creators: name: Kirk, M. Alexis
name: Birken, Sarah
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2016

description: Abstract Background In 2009, Damschroder et al. developed the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR), which provides a comprehensive listing of constructs thought to influence implementation. This systematic review assesses the extent to which the CFIR’s use in implementation research fulfills goals set forth by Damschroder et al. in terms of breadth of use, depth of application, and contribution to implementation research. Methods We searched Scopus and Web of Science for publications that cited the original CFIR publication by Damschroder et al. (Implement Sci 4:50, 2009) and downloaded each unique result for review. After applying exclusion criteria, the final articles were empirical studies published in peer-review journals that used the CFIR in a meaningful way (i.e., used the CFIR to guide data collection, measurement, coding, analysis, and/or reporting). A framework analysis approach was used to guide abstraction and synthesis of the included articles. Results Twenty-six of 429 unique articles (6 %) met inclusion criteria. We found great breadth in CFIR application; the CFIR was applied across a wide variety of study objectives, settings, and units of analysis. There was also variation in the method of included studies (mixed methods (n = 13); qualitative (n = 10); quantitative (n = 3)). Depth of CFIR application revealed some areas for improvement. Few studies (n = 3) reported justification for selection of CFIR constructs used; the majority of studies (n = 14) used the CFIR to guide data analysis only; and few studies investigated any outcomes (n = 11). Finally, reflections on the contribution of the CFIR to implementation research were scarce. Conclusions Our results indicate that the CFIR has been used across a wide range of studies, though more in-depth use of the CFIR may help advance implementation science. To harness its potential, researchers should consider how to most meaningfully use the CFIR. Specific recommendations for applying the CFIR include explicitly justifying selection of CFIR constructs; integrating the CFIR throughout the research process (in study design, data collection, and analysis); and appropriately using the CFIR given the phase of implementation of the research (e.g., if the research is post-implementation, using the CFIR to link determinants of implementation to outcomes).
Awareness of Vision Zero among United States’ road safety professionals
Creators: name: LaJeunesse, Seth
name: Evenson, Kelly
name: Heiny, Stephen
Publisher: name: Springer International Publishing
Year: 2018

description: Abstract
                Background
                Vision Zero is a strategy to eliminate all fatalities and serious injuries from road traffic crashes, while increasing safe and equitable mobility for all. In 2015, the United States’ Department of Transportation announced the official target of the federal government transportation safety policy was zero deaths. In 2017, we assessed the dissemination of Vision Zero in the United States.
                Methods
                 We conducted a web-based survey in 2017 among road safety professionals. Email invitations were sent using relevant membership directories and conference lists.
                Results
                We surveyed 192 road safety professionals, including planning/engineering (57.8%), public health (16.7%), and law enforcement/emergency medical services (EMS) (8.9%). Awareness of Vision Zero was higher among planning/engineering fields (97.3%) compared to law enforcement/EMS (76.5%) and public health (75.0%). Awareness was similar by number of years working in the field. Awareness was higher in the South (95.9%) and Northeast (95.0%) regions, followed by the West (90.8%) and Midwest (85.2%) Census regions. Among those that heard of Vision Zero (n = 174), 41.8% worked at a municipality with a Vision Zero campaign, while 41.2% did not. Among those working at a municipality with a Vision Zero campaign (n = 71), about half participated in the campaign (54.9%) while the other half did not (45.1%).
                Conclusions
                With widespread dissemination of the Vision Zero strategy to road safety professionals, next steps include evaluating how Vision Zero is being adopted, implemented, and maintained in communities, as well as the awareness and acceptability by community members, and to identify the most promising policies and practices.