cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Parasitic Layer-Based Reconfigurable Antenna and Array For Wireless Applications
Creators: name: Li, Zhouyuan
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2014

description: Antenna is one of the most important components in wireless systems since signal transmission and reception are conducted through the antenna interface. Therefore, the signal quality is highly affected by the properties of the antenna. Traditional antennas integrated in devices such as laptops or cell phones have fixed radiation properties and can not be changed to adapt to different environments. Thus the performance of thefwhole system will be negatively affected since the antenna will not operate in the optimum status in different environments. To solve this problem, reconfigurable antenna, which can dynamically change its operation frequency, radiation pattern, and polarization, has gained a significant interest recently. Recongurable antennas are considered smart antennas, and can maximize the capacity of the wireless system. This dissertation focuses upon the theoretical analysis and design of smart antennas with recongurable radiation properties. The presented multi-functional reconfigurable antennas (MRAs) are aimed to applications in WLAN (wireless local area network) systems. The theoretical analysis of the MRA was rst investigated to validate the design concept, and then applied for practical applications. The multi-functional recongurable antenna array (MRAA), which is a new class of antenna array, is also created as a linear formation (4 1) of MRA, with theoretical analysis and design of the MRAA fully described. This work developed three MRA(A)s for practical implementation in WLAN systems. The rst design is the MRA operating in 802.11 b/g band (2.4-2.5 GHz), with nine beam steering directions in a parasitic layer-based MRA structure. The second is a MRA operating in 802.11ac band (5.17-5.83 GHz) with three beam steering directions in a simplied parasitic layer-based MRA structure. The third is a MRAA extension of the second design. The design process of these MRA(A)s is realized with the joint utilization of electromagnetic (EM) full-wave analysis and multi-objective genetic algorithm. All three MRA(A) designs have been fabricated and measured. The measured and simulated results agree well for both impedance and radiation characteristics. These prototypes can be directly employed in a WLAN system since practical limits have been taken into account with real switches and components implemented. Finally, this dissertation work concludes with plans for future work, which will focus on development of MRA(A)s with dual-frequency operation.
Watch first: Welcome and introduction to the University Learning & Teaching Day
Creators: name: Schofield, Mark
Publisher: name: Edge Hill University
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 130103 Higher Education
subject: FOS: Educational sciences

description: Video from Prof. Mark Schofield to introduce the 2020 University Learning and Teaching Day and talk about the toolkit for moving teaching, learning and student support online.
The toolkit is available in this Figshare area.
How organized is deep convection over Germany?
Creators: name: Pscheidt, Ieda
name: Senf, Fabian
name: Heinze, Rieke
name: Deneke, Hartwig
name: Trömel, Silke
name: Hohenegger, Cathy
Publisher: name: Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: convective organization
subject: ICON model
subject: model evaluation
subject: organization indices
subject: 550

description: Deep moist convection shows a tendency to organize into mesoscale structures. To be able to understand the potential effect of convective organization on the climate, one needs first to characterize organization. In this study, we systematically characterize the organizational state of convection over Germany based on two years of cloud-top observations derived from the Meteosat Second Generation satellite and of precipitation cores detected by the German C-band radar network. The organizational state of convection is characterized by commonly employed organization indices, which are mostly based on the object numbers, sizes and nearest-neighbour distances. According to the organization index Iorg, cloud tops and precipitation cores are found to be in an organized state for 69% and 92% of the time, respectively. There is an increase in rainfall when the number of objects and their sizes increase, independently of the organizational state. Case-studies of specific days suggest that convectively organized states correspond to either local multi-cell clusters, with less numerous, larger objects close to each other, or to scattered clusters, with more numerous, smaller organized objects spread out over the domain. For those days, simulations are performed with the large-eddy model ICON with grid spacings of 625, 312 and 156 m. Although the model underestimates rainfall and shows a too large cold cloud coverage, the organizational state is reasonably well represented without significant differences between the grid spacings.
Effect of an electric field on an intermittent granular flow
Creators: name: Mersch, E.
name: Lumay, G.
name: Boschini, F.
name: Vandewalle, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Granular gravity driven flows of glass beads have been observed in a silo with a flat bottom. A DC high electric field has been applied perpendicularly to the silo to tune the cohesion. The outlet mass flow has been measured. An image subtraction technique has been applied to visualize the flow geometry and a spatiotemporal analysis of the flow dynamics has been performed. The outlet mass flow is independent of voltage, but a transition from funnel flow to rathole flow is observed. This transition is of probabilistic nature and an intermediate situation exists between the funnel and the rathole situations. At a given voltage, two kinds of flow dynamics can occur : a continuous flow or an intermittent flow. The electric field increases the probability to observe an intermittent flow.
description: Accepted for publication in PRE on Apr 9, 2010
Position of the Southeast Asian communist parties in the Sino-Soviet dispute
Creators: name: Hentschel, Klaus Gunther
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The purpose of this study is to examine the variables responsible for the fact that Southeast Asian Communist parties sided with Peking In the latter’s ideological dispute with Moscow. The analysis is to a large extent based upon a comparison of Communist journals, the most important being the Peking Review and the World Marxist Review. I have assumed that the latter, controlled by the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, will print only those items reflecting its interpretation in the dispute. And the former, published by the Communist Party of China, will do likewise. In addition, the author has relied heavily on Western sources which specialize in translating Communist material relating to Sino-Sovlet polemics. The assumption of this paper has been that Southeast Asian Communists would realistically assess which protagonist in the dispute offered the best advice on the question of how to gain power and, consequently, would confer their loyalty to that side. However, after an analysis of differing Chinese and Russian opinions of the best way to obtain power and an examination of the domestic position of the individual Communist parties the above assumption had to be qualified. It was found that although all parties examined opted for the Chinese side, this was not so much a consequence of the greater utility of Chinese- advocated strategy but more a factor of domestic necessity for and Chinese organizational control of the Southeast Asian Communist parties.
mTeSS-X Deliverable D1: Requirements analysis based on the two TeSS instances from ELIXIR and PaNOSC
Creators: name: Reed, Phil
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: FAIR
Training Platform
Requirements

description: This document describes the mTeSS-X project requirements analysis, following the first two meetings of the focus group. In these meetings, the use cases of two TeSS instances from ELIXIR and PaNOSC were considered, with further input from project supporters. The user personas, user stories and requirements are described, followed by the metadata schema development plan.
Two-dimensional resonant magnetic excitation in BaFe1.84Co0.16As2
Creators: name: Lumsden, M. D.
name: Christianson, A. D.
name: Parshall, D.
name: Stone, M. B.
name: Nagler, S. E.
name: MacDougall, G. J.
name: Mook, H. A.
name: Lokshin, K.
name: Egami, T.
name: Abernathy, D. L.
name: Goremychkin, E. A.
name: Osborn, R.
name: McGuire, M. A.
name: Sefat, A. S.
name: Jin, R.
name: Sales, B. C.
name: Mandrus, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Inelastic neutron scattering measurements on single crystals of superconducting BaFe1.84Co0.16As2 reveal a magnetic excitation located at wavevectors (1/2 1/2 L) in tetragonal notation. On cooling below TC, a clear resonance peak is observed at this wavevector with an energy of 8.6(0.5) meV, corresponding to 4.5(0.3) kBTC. This is in good agreement with the canonical value of 5 kBTC observed in the cuprates. The spectrum shows strong dispersion in the tetragonal plane but very weak dispersion along the c-axis, indicating that the magnetic fluctuations are two-dimensional in nature. This is in sharp contrast to the anisotropic three dimensional spin excitations seen in the undoped parent compounds.
description: Include additional data showing dispersion
The central plateau of Tasmania: A resource survey and management plan
Creators: name: Shepherd, RR
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: The Central Plateau is a distinct geogaphical unit in central Tasmania covering an area of 5,060 km2 which is subalpine and alpine in character. The principal resources are water, natural pastures, timber and recreational and tourist attractions. Since European settlement, the resources have been exploited with little heed being paid to their conservation. Surveys were made to obtain data on past and present uses and to assess the condition of the resources.
title: Effects of Condensed Tannins on the Toxicity of Fireweed (Senecio madagascariensis) to Cattle
Creators: name: Wong, Carolyn L.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2014

description: Fireweed (Senecio madagascariensis) is a noxious and invasive weed affecting pastures in Hawaii, Australia, and South America. Fireweed contains compounds called pyrrolizidine alkaloids that are toxic to most grazing mammals. Toxic effects to cattle include irreversible damage to liver cells, hardening of the liver, and loss of liver function, which may lead to jaundice, swelling, and the accumulation of fluids in the stomach and other physiological malfunctions. External effects include rough appearance, diarrhea, low energy and dullness, photosensitization, and abnormal behavior, many of which can lead to death. Fireweed also can reduce pasture productivity by as much as 30-40%, particularly in Hawaii. As a result of these adverse effects on cattle and pasture production, people are seeking ways to manage fireweed and cattle.
Condensed tannins, which are common in many forage legumes, bind with other molecules such as protein and alkaloids. Complementarities among secondary compounds such as condensed tannins and alkaloids can allow animals to consume more of plant material they would otherwise avoid due to toxicity; however, there is very little information on whether tannins actually protect animals from the toxic effect of alkaloids like the ones found in fireweed. The effects of condensed tannins on the toxicity of fireweed to cattle were examined in two stages of a research project that included studies in the lab (in vitro) and in live animals (in vivo). The in vitro studies showed that tannins bound pyrrolizidine alkaloids in cattle rumen fluid and binding was highest when mixed with tannins at 8%, with some effect at 12% as well, by weight of fireweed. The in vivo studies were inconclusive as animals from both the Fireweed and Fireweed-Tannin group demonstrated ill-effects brought on by the fireweed. The data gathered in the form of blood tests and liver tests did not identify a clear protective effect provided by having tannin in the diet, but the results likely were affected by the way we conducted the research, which involved dosing animals daily with large amounts of plant material. The findings also illustrate how strongly cattle avoid eating fireweed while grazing on pasture. In summary, management to reduce fireweed effects on cattle should focus on improving pasture diversity and resiliency, on multi-species grazing to take advantage of the innate resistance of sheep and goats to fireweed’s toxicity, and on ways to enable cattle to utilize fireweed.
Main-Belt Comet P/2008 R1 (Garradd)
Creators: name: Jewitt, David
name: Yang, Bin
name: Haghighipour, Nader
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a study of the newly-discovered main-belt comet P/2008 R1 (Garradd), an object with the dynamical characteristics of an asteroid and the physical characteristics of a comet. Photometry sets a limit to the effective radius of the nucleus at r_e < 0.7 km (red geometric albedo 0.05 assumed). The coma shows a secular fading in our data caused by the escape of dust particles from the near-nucleus environment. The optical reflection spectrum is a nearly neutral continuum devoid of gaseous emission lines, from which we derive a limit to the cyanide (CN) radical production rate of Q_CN <1.4e23/s and infer a mass loss rate <1.5 kg/s at the time of our observations. Unlike the first-reported main-belt comets, P/2008 R1 is not dynamically stable. The nearby 8:3 mean-motion resonance with Jupiter induces dynamical instability on timescales 20 to 30 Myr. Hence, we conclude that P/2008 R1 has recently arrived from a more stable source elsewhere. The high Tisserand parameter of the orbit (in fact, with T_J = 3.216 it is the highest of any comet) points to a source in the asteroid belt itself, instead of in the Kuiper belt (putative source of the Jupiter family comets). We infer that P/2008 R1 is an icy body from the outer asteroid belt in which sublimation has been triggered by rising temperatures resulting from a decreasing perihelion distance.
description: 26 pages, 6 figures, accepted by AJ February 24 2009
title: Impact of Beaver Ponds on Stream Temperature and on Solar Radiation Penetration in Water
Creators: name: Snow, Camilla J.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2014

description: Beaver dams alter streams characteristics in a way that promotes the diversity of aquatic species and provides a wide distribution of temperatures within beaver ponds. In order to quantify the spatial distribution of these temperatures, a process-based temperature model was developed for a beaver pond in Northern Utah. This model provided insight into the processes and characteristics that are driving these temperatures. Solar radiation is one of these processes that is often the primary driver of stream temperature. There is a need to develop methods to measure the fate of solar radiation within the water to better represent solar radiation within stream temperature models. Black-body pyranometers are instruments that measure solar radiation in air, but require corrections for use underwater. Studies were conducted investigating methods for correcting these instruments. Based on the results of these studies it is suggested that these corrections are dependent on the spectrum of the light source and that the instrument needs further corrections when the light source is measured from different angles; therefore there is a need for further investigation into pyranometer corrections in order to measure the fate of solar radiation in natural water bodies. Combined, this research provides methods and suggests additional research opportunities for more accurately quantifying and predicting stream temperatures for waters impacted by beaver.
Additional file 2 of Association between birth by caesarian section and anxiety, self-harm: a gene-environment interaction study using UK Biobank data
Creators: name: Jia, Yumeng
name: Cheng, Shiqiang
name: Liu, Li
name: Cheng, Bolun
name: Liang, Chujun
name: Ye, Jing
name: Chu, Xiaomeng
name: Yao, Yao
name: Wen, Yan
name: Kafle, Om Prakash
name: Zhang, Feng
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 2: Supplementary Figure 1. LocusZoom plot of anxiety associations with birth by caesarean section
Infrared emission bands and thermal effects for 440-nm-emitting GaN-based laser diodes
Creators: name: Mao, F.
name: Hong, J.
name: Wang, H.
name: Chen, Y.
name: Jing, C.
name: Yang, P.
name: Tomm, J.W.
name: Chu, J.
name: Yue, F.
Publisher: name: New York, NY : American Institute of Physics Inc.
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Defects
subject: Gallium arsenide
subject: Gallium nitride
subject: III-V semiconductors
subject: Infrared radiation
subject: Amplified spontaneous emissions
subject: Broad emission bands
subject: Continuous Wave
subject: GaN based laser diodes
subject: GaN-based lasers
subject: Infrared emissions
subject: Optically Active
subject: Short wave infrared bands
subject: Pulsed lasers
subject: 530

description: Broad emission bands due to defects in (In,Ga,Al)N laser diodes operating at 440 nm are investigated using continuous-wave and pulsed currents. In addition to known yellow-green and short-wave infrared bands, defect emissions were observed even in the medium-wave infrared range. A separation from thermal radiation is possible. When using pulsed currents, a super-linearly increasing emission occurs at ∼1150 nm, which could be attributed to amplified spontaneous emission mainly due to the electroluminescence of deep defects in the optically active region. These results may be useful in interpreting the output power bottleneck of GaN-based lasers compared to mature GaAs-based lasers. © 2020 Author(s). All article content, except where otherwise noted, is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5143802
Trade facilitation in seaports - A thorough survey of the Ghana Gateway Project
Creators: name: Caesar, DL
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: Trade liberalization has brought in its wake an unprecedented explosion in the volume of world trade. The advent of information technology coupled with containerization equally contributed and continues to fuel an upsurge in international cargo traffic. Over the last decade the importance of trade facilitation (TF) has increased dramatically; with the need to reduce transaction and administration cost as well as expedite cargo movement forming the core elements. The issue of trade facilitation leads to long-term benefit for individuals and businesses. The need to cope with growing international competition has added more gravity to the relevance of trade facilitation in this era of globalization. The study dwelt on trade facilitation in the context of the Ghana Gateway Project (GGWP) ‚Äö- an undertaking by the Government of Ghana (GoG) which seeks to make Ghanaian seaports the gateway to West Africa, among other things. The author argues that there are myriads of endogenous and exogenous variables which militate against trade facilitation in Ghana as the country is earnestly positioning itself to become a part of the global logistics network. It was found that corruption among trade-related institutions especially Customs Excise and Preventive Service (CEPS) has a huge bearing on realization of trade facilitation objectives under the Ghana Gateway Project (GGWP). Also less focus on institutional bottlenecks under the project means that trade officials are increasingly becoming an obstacle rather than facilitators. Interviews and surveys carried out revealed how Customs officials have transmogrified into opponents of schemes that are instituted to reduce paperwork and duplication of effort within the country's cargo clearance system. The research documents trends and gains with regards to trade facilitation programmes in Ghana. Relevant literatures were given exhaustive reviews with the aim of navigating all relevant elements that form part of trade facilitation. Notable conclusions drawn at the end of the study were that; institutional failure, bribery and corruption, incompetence among stakeholders, lack of adequate control, etc are some of the challenges bedevilling the Ghana Gateway Project (GGWP). The study also unearthed measures that must be implemented to help resuscitate the dwindling fortunes of trade facilitation initiatives in Ghana. The summary of recommendations given is found below: -Establishing a credible system that will reward excellence among Customs officials and punish corrupt officials -Massive investment in the human element of the Ghana Gateway Project (GGWP) by education and training -Tightening control over the entry of people into the freight forwarding industry of Ghana by ensuring that they are adequately qualified -Repeal the freight forwarding law SMCD 188 of 1978 to be in line with new trends on the global stage.
Structure and Dynamics of Magneto-Inertial, Differentially Rotating Laboratory Plasmas
Creators: name: Valenzuela-Villaseca, V.
name: Suttle, L. G.
name: Suzuki-Vidal, F.
name: Halliday, J. W. D.
name: Russell, D. R.
name: Merlini, S.
name: Tubman, E. R.
name: Hare, J. D.
name: Chittenden, J. P.
name: Koepke, M. E.
name: Blackman, E. G.
name: Lebedev, S. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a detailed characterization of the structure and evolution of differentially rotating plasmas driven on the MAGPIE pulsed-power generator (1.4 MA peak current, 240 ns rise-time). The experiments were designed to simulate physics relevant to accretion discs and jets on laboratory scales. A cylindrical aluminium wire array Z pinch enclosed by return posts with an overall azimuthal off-set angle was driven to produce ablation plasma flows that propagate inwards in a slightly off-radial trajectory, injecting mass, angular momentum, and confining ram pressure to a rotating plasma column on the axis. However, the plasma is free to expand axially, forming a collimated, differentially rotating axial jet that propagates at $\approx 100$ km/s. The density profile of the jet corresponds to a dense shell surrounding a low-density core, which is consistent with the centrifugal barrier effect being sustained along the jet's propagation. We show analytically that, as the rotating plasma accretes mass, conservation of mass and momentum implies plasma radial growth scaling as $r \propto t^{1/3}$. As the characteristic moment of inertia increases, the rotation velocity is predicted to decrease and settle on a characteristic value $\approx 20$ km/s. We find that both predictions are in agreement with Thomson scattering and optical self-emission imaging measurements.
description: Final Production Files accepted by the Journal of Plasma Physics on 18th May 2024. 9 figures
title: Optimization of Wastewater Microalgae Pretreatment for Acetone, Butanol, and Ethanol Fermentation
Creators: name: Castro, Yessica A.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2014

description: Acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE) fermentation from wastewater microalgae by Clostridium saccharoperbutylacetonicum N1-4 is a novel bioprocess that utilizes waste substrate to generate valuable solvents. Butanol, the most abundant product resulting from ABE fermentation, is an environmentally safe and high performing fuel that can be utilized as a drop-in-fuel; however, high operational costs and low ABE yield present challenge in scale-up of the process. The utilization of algae as a substrate requires pretreatment prior to fermentation to increase the bioavailability of the algal fermentable sugars and to improve the conditions of the pre-fermentation medium. The purpose of this thesis was to optimize wastewater microalgae pretreatment through (1) the optimization of microalgae saccharification, and (2) the use of cheese whey as co-substrate and supplement.
Optimal conditions for sugar liberation from wastewater algae through acid hydrolysis were determined for subsequent fermentation to acetone, butanol, and ethanol (ABE). Acid concentration, retention time, and temperature were evaluated to define optimal hydrolysis conditions by assessing sugar and ABE concentrations, and the associated costs. Additionally, the effect of cheese whey as a supplement and substrate was determined for acetone, butanol, and ethanol (ABE) fermentation from wastewater microalgae. Three media constituents, potassium phosphate, magnesium sulfate, and ferrous sulfate, were evaluated to assess their need as supplements in the medium to be inoculated, when 50 g/L of cheese whey was present. The optimization of wastewater microalgae pretreatment results in increasing ABE production and decreasing process costs.
Two-body calculations from the direct radiative reactions D(p,⋎)He³(⋎,p) and O¹⁶(p,⋎)F¹⁷
Creators: name: Donnelly, Thomas William
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The direct radiative capture reactions D(p,⋎)He³ and O¹⁶(p,⋎)F¹⁷, both of which are of interest in astrophysical processes, have been studied theoretically using a simple two-body direct radiative capture model in order to estimate the cross sections at low energies. In addition, the time inverse of the first reaction, namely the photodisintegration of He³, has been studied for high excitation energies in He³ by applying the reciprocity relations to the direct capture theory. The calculations involve taking matrix elements of the particle-radiation interaction Hamiltonian between bound and continuum states and using first-order perturbation theory to obtain the cross sections. Bound state wave functions are generated in simple potentials involving square-well and Saxon-Woods forms with appropriate Coulomb barriers and with one free parameter which is adjusted to fit the binding energy. The potential parameters for the continuum state wave functions are adjusted to fit available scattering data. For the reaction O¹⁶(p,⋎)F¹⁷ the cross sections for transitions to both the ground and first excited states are in good agreement with the somewhat limited experimental data from 150 KeV to 2.5 MeV and the astrophysical S-factors are shown to be energy dependent even at energies below 100 KeV. The photodisintegration cross section for the reaction He³(⋎,p)D is well fitted in the neighbourhood of the peak at around 11 MeV as well as at lower energies. The D(p,⋎)He³ direct capture cross sections in the energy range around 1 MeV are shown to be sensitive to admixtures of ²S-state of mixed symmetry and of ⁴D-state in the ground state of He³, which is predominantly Symmetric ²S. The same model including the ²S-state of mixed symmetry leads to a capture cross section for thermal neutrons by deuterons in good agreement with the experimental value.
Using Active Surface Plasmons in a Multibit Optical Storage Device to Emulate Long-Term Synaptic Plasticity
Creators: name: Rhim, Seon-Young
name: Ligorio, Giovanni
name: Hermerschmidt, Felix
name: Hildebrandt, Jana
name: Pätzel, Michael
name: Hecht, Stefan
name: List-Kratochvil, Emil J.W.
Publisher: name: Weinheim : Wiley-VCH
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: artificial intelligence
subject: long-term plasticities
subject: surface plasmon polaritons
subject: switching molecules
subject: 530

description: Artificial intelligence takes inspiration from the functionalities and structure of the brain to solve complex tasks and allow learning. Yet, hardware realization that simulates the synaptic activities realized with electrical devices still lags behind computer software implementation, which has improved significantly during the past decade. Herein, the capability to emulate synaptic functionalities by exploiting surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) is shown. By depositing photochromic switching molecules (diarylethene) on a thin film of gold, it is possible to reliably control the electronic configuration of the molecules upon illumination cycles with UV and visible light. These reversible changes modulate the dielectric function of the photochromic film and thus enable the effective control of the SPP dispersion relation at the molecule/gold interface. The plasmonic device displays fundamental functions of a synapse such as potentiation, depression, and long-term plasticity. The integration of such plasmonic devices in an artificial neural network is deployed in plasmonic neuroinspired circuits for optical computing and data transmission. © 2020 The Authors. Published by Wiley-VCH GmbH
Additional file 3: of The detrimental effects of radiotherapy interruption on local control after concurrent chemoradiotherapy for advanced T-stage nasopharyngeal carcinoma: an observational, prospective analysis
Creators: name: Yao, Ji-Jin
name: Jin, Ya-Nan
name: Wang, Si-Yang
name: Zhang, Fan
name: Zhou, Guan-Qun
name: Zhang, Wang-Jian
name: Zhi-Bin
name: Cheng
name: Ma, Jun
name: Qi, Zhen-Yu
name: Sun, Ying
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Table S2. Univariate and multivariate analysis of prognostic factors for LRFS and OS. (DOC 35Â kb)
Prawn trawl shape due to flexural rigidity and hydrodynamic forces
Creators: name: Balash, C
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: Energy efficiency and ecological sustainability have become vital issues for the Australian and global prawn fisheries. The scientific community and innovative industry operators have introduced fishing gear modifications for drag and unwanted catch reduction. This project has investigated the potential for further drag reduction, focusing on the extent to which prawn net flexural rigidity affects the drag. A novel experimental technique was developed to quantify flexural rigidity for nets. The concept of the technique was to measure the mesh opening under various loads applied in longitudinal and transverse directions. A relative difference between values showed a resistance of the mesh to bend, and the results were fitted into an existing analytical solution. The geometric parameters of nets were measured applying a digital photogrammetric method. Four prawn trawls built from the netting being assessed for flexural rigidity were examined in a flume tank for drag and shape over a range of velocities. A stereo-vision system was developed to acquire the 3D shape image. The net flexural rigidity and drag showed a piece-wise linear relationship. Another main finding was that the drag coefficient was weakly dependent on the Reynolds number in the typical range for prawn trawl regimes of 1000
Heavy-Quarkonium Production in High Energy Proton-Proton Collisions at RHIC
Creators: name: Brodsky, Stanley J.
name: Lansberg, Jean-Philippe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We update the study of the total Psi and Upsilon production cross section in proton-proton collisions at RHIC energies using the QCD-based Color-Singlet (CS) Model, including next-to-leading order partonic matrix elements. We also include charm-quark initiated processes which appear at leading order in alpha_s, but which have so far been overlooked in such studies. Contrary to earlier claims, we show that the CS yield is consistent with measurements over a broad range of J/Psi rapidities. We also find that charm-quark initiated processes, including both intrinsic and sea-like charm components, typically contribute at least 20% of the direct J/Psi yield, improving the agreement with data both for the integrated cross section and its rapidity dependence. The key signature for such processes is the observation of a charm-quark jet opposite in azimuthal angle phi to the detected J/Psi. Our results have impact on the proper interpretation of heavy-quarkonium production in heavy-ion collisions and its use as a probe for the quark-gluon plasma.
description: 5 pages, 11 figures, LaTeX, version to appear as a Rapid Communication in Phys. Rev. D
title: Characterization of Lactose Esters for Their Antimicrobial and Emulsification Properties
Creators: name: Sandhu, Guneev
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2014

description: Sucrose esters have an established use in food industry as emulsifiers. Two novel lactose esters (lactose monodecanoate and lactose monomyristate) were synthesized and studied for their antimicrobial and emulsification properties. Lactose is a byproduct in cheese production and is an inexpensive carbohydrate source.
The antimicrobial activity of lactose monodecanoate (LMD) and lactose monomyristate (LMM) was tested against the growth of seven different bacteria. Both esters, when dissolved in dimethoxy sulfoxide (DMSO), proved bactericidal against Bacillus cereus, Mycobacteria KMS and Streptococcus suis. LMM/DMSO was bactericidal against B. cereus at concentrations between 1 and 3 mg/ml. LMM/DMSO was bactericidal against M. KMS and S. suis at concentrations between 3 and 5 mg/ml. LMD/DMSO was bactericidal against B. cereus and S. suis at concentrations between 1 and 3 mg/ml and against M. KMS at concentrations between 0.1 and 1 mg/ml. LMM/DMSO and LMD/DMSO were not effective in inhibiting the growth of Listeria monocyotgenes and Enterococcus faecalis.
The antimicrobial effects of LMD on the growth of Listeria monocytogenes and Enterococcus faecalis were found to be solvent dependent. LMD, when dissolved in 30% ethanol, was able to inhibit the growth of L. monocytogenes at concentration between 1 and 3 mg/ml and E. faecalis at concentration between 3 and 5 mg/ml. The growth of Streptococcus mutans and Escherichia coli O157:H7 remained unaltered in the presence of LMD/ETOH, LMD/DMSO and LMM/DMSO up to 5 mg/ml.
LMM was also analyzed for its emulsification properties. The destabilization rates and droplet size of the emulsion were determined for five consecutive days. At a concentration of 0.5%, LMM produced 20% oil in water emulsion with destabilization rate of 1.1 mm/day, which can be considered a stable emulsion. The droplet size of the emulsion was also within the range of 0-10 μm. Lower droplet size range signifies the effective work of the LMM as an emulsifier. Also the droplet size of the emulsion was found to be consistent over five days, which is indicative of a stable emulsion.
title: Biopsychosocial Variables Predict Compensation and Medical Costs of Radiofrequency Neurotomy in Utah Workers' Compensation Patients
Creators: name: Smith, Amie L.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2014

description: Back pain is one of the most expensive medical conditions to treat. There has been a great deal of research showing that back pain surgery is expensive, but less is known about the costs of less-invasive spine procedures such as radiofrequency neurotomy. Radiofrequency neurotomy is used to treat facet joint pain and typically offers temporary pain relief by coagulating the affected nerve with radiofrequency waves to block pain messages from reaching the brain. This study aimed to document the costs of radiofrequency neurotomy in a group of participants who received the procedure through the Workers’ Compensation Fund of Utah (WCFU). Another goal of the study was to determine if any biopsychosocial variables of participants predicted costs. Biopsychosocial variables include biological (e.g., age), psychological (e.g., depression), and social (e.g., hiring a lawyer) characteristics about participants. Costs and characteristics were collected from participant medical records.
Compensation and medical costs were collected; compensation costs were wage payouts as a result of an on-the-job injury, and medical costs were direct medical costs. Both compensation and medical costs were substantial and similar to other more invasive procedures. Furthermore, three biopsychosocial characteristics predicted high costs. A high number of prior back and neck surgery and lawyer involvement predicted high compensation costs. Those same variables plus history of depression predicted high medical costs.
This was the first known study to document medical and compensation costs associated with spinal radiofrequency neurotomy. The findings add to the line of research suggesting that a biopsychosocial framework can be used to predict costs in spine care. Discovering participant characteristics that may predict high costs can inform policylevel decisions for insurers, and can be used by medical providers to influence patient care decisions. More research on the presurgical variables may lead to interventions at the patient level that can reduce high cost outcomes which could benefit both patients and payers.
Jordanian deformation of the open XXX-spin chain
Creators: name: Kulish, P. P.
name: Manojlovic, N.
name: Nagy, Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The general solution to the reflection equation associated with the jordanian deformation of the SL(2) invariant Yang R-matrix is found. The same K-matrix is obtained by the special scaling limit of the XXZ-model with general boundary conditions. The Hamiltonian with the boundary terms is explicitly derived according to the Sklyanin formalism. We discuss the structure of the spectrum of the deformed XXX-model and its dependence on the boundary conditions.
description: 13 pages; typos corrected
title: American Bison Ecology and Bison-Cattle Interactions in an Isolated Montane Environment
Creators: name: Ranglack, Dustin H.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2014

description: As bison are considered to be ecologically extinct, and negative interactions between bison and cattle are perceived to limit bison restoration and cattle production, I designed a series of studies to test for potential competition between bison (Bison bison) and cattle (Bos taurus) for forage on the Henry Mountains in southern Utah. These studies provide insight into key information gaps previously identified by the Utah Division of Wildlife Resources (UDWR), Bureau of Land Management, and the local grazing association. The results indicate that bison and cattle are not strong competitors for forage on the Henry Mountains. Jackrabbits (Lepus californicus) emerged as the strongest competitive threat to cattle, consuming more than twice the amount of forage consumed by bison. Further, bison habitat preferences did not match with cattle habitat needs as reported by a survey of the local ranching community. This suggests that negative impacts on cattle due to bison have been overstated. Still, any potential negative impacts of bison will be felt by a small group of local individuals. This prompted me to design a new management scheme, which has the potential to increase the number of bison on the Henry Mountains while also compensating local ranchers for reducing the number of cattle they graze in the area. This system should be mutually beneficial for the local ranching community and the UDWR, and easily implemented by taking advantage of the currently exiting conservation license program.
Anomalous transparency in photonic crystals and its application to point-by-point grating inscription in photonic crystal fibers
Creators: name: Baghdasaryan, Tigran
name: Geernaert, Thomas
name: Chah, Karima
name: Caucheteur, Christophe
name: Schuster, Kay
name: Kobelke, Jens
name: Thienpont, Hugo
name: Berghmans, Francis
Publisher: name: Berlin : Nature Publishing
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: photonic crystals
subject: transparency
subject: photonic band theory
subject: 530

description: It is common belief that photonic crystals behave similarly to isotropic and transparent media only when their feature sizes are much smaller than the wavelength of light. Here, we counter that belief and we report on photonic crystals that are transparent for anomalously high normalized frequencies up to 0.9, where the crystal’s feature sizes are comparable with the free space wavelength. Using traditional photonic band theory, we demonstrate that the isofrequency curves can be circular in the region above the first stop band for triangular lattice photonic crystals. In addition, by simulating how efficiently a tightly focused Gaussian beam propagates through the photonic crystal slab, we judge on the photonic crystal’s transparency rather than on isotropy only. Using this approach, we identified a wide range of photonic crystal parameters that provide anomalous transparency. Our findings indicate the possibility to scale up the features of photonic crystals and to extend their operational wavelength range for applications including optical cloaking and graded index guiding. We applied our result in the domain of femtosecond laser micromachining, by demonstrating what we believe to be the first point-by-point grating inscribed in a multi-ring photonic crystal fiber.
Measurement of the Top Quark Mass and ppbar -> ttbar Cross Section in the All-Hadronic Mode with the CDFII Detector
Creators: name: The CDF Collaboration
name: Aaltonen, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a measurement of the top quark mass and of the top-antitop pair production cross section using p-pbar data collected with the CDFII detector at the Tevatron Collider at the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 2.9 fb-1. We select events with six or more jets satisfying a number of kinematical requirements imposed by means of a neural network algorithm. At least one of these jets must originate from a b quark, as identified by the reconstruction of a secondary vertex inside the jet. The mass measurement is based on a likelihood fit incorporating reconstructed mass distributions representative of signal and background, where the absolute jet energy scale (JES) is measured simultaneously with the top quark mass. The measurement yields a value of 174.8 +- 2.4(stat+JES) ^{+1.2}_{-1.0}(syst) GeV/c^2, where the uncertainty from the absolute jet energy scale is evaluated together with the statistical uncertainty. The procedure measures also the amount of signal from which we derive a cross section, sigma_{ttbar} = 7.2 +- 0.5(stat) +- 1.0 (syst) +- 0.4 (lum) pb, for the measured values of top quark mass and JES.
description: Submitted to Phys. Rev. D
Feasibility of free space quantum key distribution with coherent polarization states
Creators: name: Elser, D.
name: Bartley, T.
name: Heim, B.
name: Wittmann, Ch.
name: Sych, D.
name: Leuchs, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate for the first time the feasibility of free space quantum key distribution with continuous variables under real atmospheric conditions. More specifically, we transmit coherent polarization states over a 100m free space channel on the roof of our institute's building. In our scheme, signal and local oscillator are combined in a single spatial mode which auto-compensates atmospheric fluctuations and results in an excellent interference. Furthermore, the local oscillator acts as spatial and spectral filter thus allowing unrestrained daylight operation.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures, extensions in sections 2, 3.1, 3.2 and 4. This is an author-created, un-copyedited version of an article accepted for publication in New Journal of Physics (Special Issue on Quantum Cryptography: Theory and Practice). IOP Publishing Ltd is not responsible for any errors or omissions in this version of the manuscript or any version derived from it
Fluoride-Sulfophosphate/Silica Hybrid Fiber as a Platform for Optically Active Materials
Creators: name: Wang, Wei-Chao
name: Yang, Xu
name: Wieduwilt, Torsten
name: Schmidt, Markus A.
name: Zhang, Qin-Yuan
name: Wondraczek, Lothar
Publisher: name: Lausanne : Frontiers Media
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: fluoride-sulfophosphate glass
subject: hybrid fiber
subject: luminescence
subject: pressure-assisted melt filling
subject: optical activity
subject: 620

description: Pressure-assisted melt filling (PAMF) of pre-fabricated micro-capillaries has been proven an effective way of fabricating hybrid optical fiber (HOF) from unusual combinations of materials. Here, we extend the applicability of PAMF to multi-anionic fluoride-sulfophosphate (FPS) glasses. FPS glasses provide extended transmission windows and high solubility for various transition metal (TM) and rare earth (RE) ion species. Using PAMF for fabricating FPS/silica HOFs can therefore act as a platform for a broad variety of optically active fiber devices. For the present demonstration purposes, we selected Cr3+- and Mn2+-doped FPS. For both glasses, we demonstrate how the spectral characteristics of the bulk material persist also in the HOF. Using a double-core fiber structure in which waveguiding is conducted in a primary GeO2-SiO2 core, mode coupling to the secondary FPS-filled core allows one to exploit the optical activity of the doped FPS glass even when the intrinsic optical loss is high.Pressure-assisted melt filling (PAMF) of pre-fabricated micro-capillaries has been proven an effective way of fabricating hybrid optical fiber (HOF) from unusual combinations of materials. Here, we extend the applicability of PAMF to multi-anionic fluoride-sulfophosphate (FPS) glasses. FPS glasses provide extended transmission windows and high solubility for various transition metal (TM) and rare earth (RE) ion species. Using PAMF for fabricating FPS/silica HOFs can therefore act as a platform for a broad variety of optically active fiber devices. For the present demonstration purposes, we selected Cr3+- and Mn2+-doped FPS. For both glasses, we demonstrate how the spectral characteristics of the bulk material persist also in the HOF. Using a double-core fiber structure in which waveguiding is conducted in a primary GeO2-SiO2 core, mode coupling to the secondary FPS-filled core allows one to exploit the optical activity of the doped FPS glass even when the intrinsic optical loss is high.