cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Radio Spectral Evolution of an X-ray Poor Impulsive Solar Flare: Implications for Plasma Heating and Electron Acceleration
Creators: name: Bastian, T. S.
name: Fleishman, G. D.
name: Gary, D. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present radio and X-ray observations of an impulsive solar flare that was moderately intense in microwaves, yet showed very meager EUV and X-ray emission. The flare occurred on 2001 Oct 24 and was well-observed at radio wavelengths by the Nobeyama Radioheliograph (NoRH), the Nobeyama Radio Polarimeters (NoRP), and by the Owens Valley Solar Array (OVSA). It was also observed in EUV and X-ray wavelength bands by the TRACE, GOES, and Yohkoh satellites. We find that the impulsive onset of the radio emission is progressively delayed with increasing frequency relative to the onset of hard X-ray emission. In contrast, the time of flux density maximum is progressively delayed with decreasing frequency. The decay phase is independent of radio frequency. The simple source morphology and the excellent spectral coverage at radio wavelengths allowed us to employ a nonlinear chi-squared minimization scheme to fit the time series of radio spectra to a source model that accounts for the observed radio emission in terms of gyrosynchrotron radiation from MeV-energy electrons in a relatively dense thermal plasma. We discuss plasma heating and electron acceleration in view of the parametric trends implied by the model fitting. We suggest that stochastic acceleration likely plays a role in accelerating the radio-emitting electrons.
description: 22 pages, 10 figures
Dynamically Regulating Mobile Application Permissions
Creators: name: Wijesekera, Primal
name: Baokar, Arjun
name: Tsai, Lynn
name: Reardon, Joel
name: Egelman, Serge
name: Wagner, David
name: Beznosov, Konstantin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: mobile privacy
permission systems
machine learning
security

description: Current smartphone operating systems employ permission systems to regulate how apps access sensitive resources. These systems are not well-aligned with users' privacy expectations: users often have no idea how often and under what circumstances their personal data is accessed. We conducted a 131-person field study to devise ways to systematically reduce this disconnect between expectations and reality. We found that a significant portion of participants make contextual privacy decisions: when determining whether access to sensitive data is appropriate, they consider what they are doing on their phones at the time, including whether they are actively using the applications requesting their data. We show that current privacy mechanisms do not do a good job of accounting for these contextual factors, but that by applying machine learning to account for context, we can reduce privacy violations by 80, while also minimizing user involvement.
Ανίχνευση της σύγχρονης έκφρασης των αντιγόνων CD5 και CD19 στα λεμφοκύτταρα φυσιολογικών ατόμων
Creators: name: Σαούλη, Ζωή Α.
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2014
Subjects: Συνέκφραση
Αντιγόνα CD5, CD19
Λεμφοκυττάρωση
Λευχαιμία
Coexpression
CD5, CD19 antigens
Lymphocytosis
Leukemia

description: Σκοπός αυτής της μελέτης ήταν η ανίχνευση της σύγχρονης έκφρασης των αντιγόνων CD5 και CD19 σε φυσιολογικά άτομα. Υπάρχουν λιγοστά παγκόσμια δεδομένα που αναφέρονται στην έκφραση των μοριακών δεικτών που αφορούν τα χρόνια λεμφοϋπερπλαστικά νοσήματα σε φυσιολογικό πληθυσμό. Εξετάσθηκαν 815 υγιείς ενήλικες, ηλικίας 30-70 ετών και 27 πάσχοντες από ΧΛΛ. Στα δείγματα αίματος που ελήφθησαν με παρακέντηση περιφερικής φλέβας, πραγματοποιήθηκε πλήρης αιματολογικός, βιοχημικός και ανοσοφαινοτυπικός έλεγχος. Στους έχοντες συνέκφραση CD5/CD19 άνω του 2,5%, έγινε μελέτη του ανοσοφαινότυπου της Β- χρόνιας λεμφογενούς λευχαιμίας (ΧΛΛ) και προσδιορισμός της μονοκλωνικότητας κ και λ των κυττάρων αυτών των ασθενών. Η συνέκφραση των CD5/CD19 στη μελέτη μας βρέθηκε να αντιπροσωπεύει το 1,6% του γενικού πληθυσμού, ποσοστό που βρίσκεται μέσα στα πλαίσια των διεθνών μελετών. Η συνέκφραση αυτή, με την χρήση πιο εκτεταμένου ανοσοφαινοτυπικού ελέγχου, καθώς και ελέγχου της μονοκλωνικότητας τους φαίνεται πως μπορεί να αποτελέσει έναν υψηλής αξίας προγνωστικό δείκτη για την εμφάνιση μονοκλωνικής λεμφοκυττάρωσης, η οποία δυνητικά μπορεί να εξελιχθεί σε Β ΧΛΛ με την πάροδο του χρόνου. Στη δική μας μελέτη φαίνεται ότι ένα ποσοστό του υγιούς πληθυσμού στην Ελλάδα , ίσο με το 1,6%, φέρει κύτταρα με ανοσοφαινότυπο ΧΛΛ. Αυτό που φαίνεται τελικά να έχει ιδιαίτερη σημασία, είναι η παρακολούθηση των ασθενών αυτών στον χρόνο.
description: The aim of this study was to investigate the simultaneous expression of CD5 and CD19 anti-gens in normal individuals. There are little data on international literature referring the expression of molecular markers related to chronic lymphoproliferative dis-orders in a healthy population. 815 healthy adults, aged 30-70 years and 27 patients with CLL were examined. The blood samples were obtained with peripheral vein puncture. Complete blood counts, biochemical tests and immunophenotypic control were performed. To those with coexpression of CD5 / CD19 exceeding 2.5%, studies of immunophenotyping B- chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and determination of kappa and lambda clonality cells of these patients were carried out. Coexpression of CD5 / CD19 in our study was found to represent 1.6% of the general population, a percentage that is within the framework of international studies. Coexpression of this, the use of more extensive immunophenotype order control and control of clonality seems that may be a valuable prognostic factor for the occurrence of monoclonal lymphocytosis, which may potentially evolve into B-CLL over time. Our study shows that a healthy percentage of the population in Greece, equal to 1.6%, bearing cells with CLL immunophenotype. What it turns out to be of great importance, is the monitoring of these patients over time.
KLOE measurement of the charged kaon absolute semileptonic BR's
Creators: name: The KLOE Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper is devoted to the measurement of the fully inclusive absolute branching ratios of the charged kaon semileptonic decays, $K^{\pm}\toπ^0e^\pmν(γ)$ and $K^\pm \to π^0μ^\pmν(γ)$. The measurements have been done using a tag technique, employing the two-body decays, $K^\pm \to μ^\pmν$ and $K^\pm \to π^\pmπ^0$, and using a sample of about 410 pb$^{-1}$ collected during the 2001 and 2002 data taking of the KLOE experiment at Daphne, the Frascati $ϕ$-factory. The results obtained are BR(K$^\pm_{e3}$) = $0.04965 (38)_{Stat} (37)_{Syst}$ and BR(K$^\pm_{\mu3}$) = $0.03233 (29)_{Stat} (26)_{Syst}$.
description: Contributed paper to Lepton Photon 2007, Daegu, Korea, 13-18 August 2007, 5 pages, 2 figures
A Method for Assessing the Trustworthiness of an Entity by Cooperating Authorities
Creators: name: Kohler, Mathias
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2005
Subjects: trust model
Bayesian Network
Access Control Models and Languages

description: In this thesis a Model of Trust based on Bayesian Networks is introduced. The model determines the trustworthiness of a new or hitherto unknown entity by utilizing information exchanged with cooperative authorities. Results from different trust models using individual evaluation techniques to assess the trustworthiness of an entity can only be utilized using specific conversion methods or not at all. However, utilizing results from other authorities is always needed if an authority cannot evaluate an entity on its own. This would be the case, for instance, if no previous interactions with an entity have taken place and hence no experience is available for an evaluation of an entity's trustworthiness. This trust model addresses this problem and introduces a method to enable information exchange with cooperative authorities to assess a new or unknown entity, even if they use different evaluation techniques. The method is based on the exchange of trust relations. This means, rather than using absolute values reflecting the degree of confidence in an entity, this model makes use of a relative notion of trust. An entity is hereby seen as being equally or more trustworthy than another entity. The trust relations are modelled using the structure and inference algorithms of Bayesian Networks. By finally evaluating them, a new or unknown entity's trustworthiness is assessed.
Multi-qubit stabilizer and cluster entanglement witnesses
Creators: name: Jafarizadeh, M. A.
name: Najarbashi, G.
name: Akbari, Y.
name: Habibian, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of the problems concerning entanglement witnesses (EWs) is the construction of them by a given set of operators. Here several multi-qubit EWs called stabilizer EWs are constructed by using the stabilizer operators of some given multi-qubit states such as GHZ, cluster and exceptional states. The general approach to manipulate the multi-qubit stabilizer EWs by exact(approximate) linear programming (LP) method is described and it is shown that the Clifford group play a crucial role in finding the hyper-planes encircling the feasible region. The optimality, decomposability and non-decomposability of constructed stabilizer EWs are discussed.
description: 57 pages, 2 figures
Θεόδωρος Μουζάλων: βιοεργογραφική μελέτη
Creators: name: Σαμαρά, Δήμητρα Μ.
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2014
Subjects: Θεόδωρος Μουζάλων, ca.1257/58-1294
Αντιρρητικός λόγος
Αγιολογία
Επιστολές
Theodore Mouzalon, ca.1257/58-1294
Antirrhetical speech
Hagiology
Epistles

description: Ο Θεόδωρος Μουζάλων, αποτελεί μια σημαντική προσωπικότητα του τελευταίου τετάρτου του 13ου αιώνα. Περισσότερο γνωστός για την ανθενωτική του δράση κυρίως στο χρονικό διάστημα μεταξύ 1282-1285 και λιγότερο για το συγγραφικό του έργο, σταδιοδρόμησε σε υψηλά αυλικά αξιώματα δίπλα στον αυτοκράτορα Ανδρόνικο Β΄ Παλαιολόγο, ενώ συνεργάστηκε στενά με τον πατριάρχη Γρηγόριο Β΄ Κύπριο. Τα σωζόμενα έργα του, εν μέρει εκδεδομένα, προέρχονται από τον χώρο της αντιρρητικής θεολογίας και της αγιολογίας, ενώ δεν λείπει και ένας μικρός αριθμός επιστολών του που απευθύνονται στον Γρηγόριο Β΄ Κύπριο. Ο στόχος της παρούσας διδακτορικής διατριβής είναι να συγκεντρώσει και να επεξεργαστεί τα στοιχεία που συνθέτουν την βιογραφία του και να εκδώσει συγκεντρωμένα τα έργα του. Η εργασία αποτελείται από δύο μέρη: στο πρώτο μέρος συγκεντρώνονται οι πληροφορίες σχετικά με τον βίο και την δράση του Θεοδώρου Μουζάλωνα. Στο δεύτερο μέρος, το οποίο διαιρείται σε τρία επιμέρους κεφάλαια, επιχειρείται η κριτική έκδοση και ο σχολιασμός των έργων του. Το πρώτο κεφάλαιο περιλαμβάνει την κριτική έκδοση του αντιρρητικού λόγου Κατά των του Βέκκου βλασφημιών. Το δεύτερο κεφάλαιο ασχολείται με την κριτική έκδοση του λόγου Εις τον νέον μάρτυρα Νικήταν, ενώ στο τρίτο κεφάλαιο εκδίδονται κριτικά οι πέντε σωζόμενες επιστολές του.
description: A significant but little-known personage of the early Palaeologan era is the high official of the byzantine state as well as scholar, Theodore Mouzalon. He was born in Nikaia between 1257-1258, son of George Mouzalon and probably Theodora Raoulaina. He became Logothetes tou Genikou, Mesazon, Megas Logothetes, Protosevastos and Protovestiarios and he also showed an outstanding presence at the Councils of Blachernae (1283 and 1285) and Adramyttion (1284), wlich led to the conviction of Ioannes XI Beccus and to the deposition of the unionist clergy in general. Theodore Mouzalon died in Constantinople in 1294. His writing activity consists of two orations, one against the ex-patriarch Ioannes XI Beccus and his arguments about the Procession of the Holy Spirit, and the other dedicated to the life and martyrdom of St. Niketas the Young from Ankara. He is also the sender of five letters to the patriarch Gregorios II Kyprios. The aim of this thesis is to present a monograph about Theodore Mouzalon, collecting all information about his life and political role in the late 13th century, and providing the critical edition of all his works, as well.
Accountability and Availability
Creators: name: Beznosov, Konstantin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2005
Subjects: accountability
availability

description: Learning objectives:  Comprehend the principles of security accountability and availability. Overview:  Key principles of security accountability and availability are outlined and applied to application design, implementation and deployment. The impact of security audit and non-repudiation on accountability is reviewed. General concepts of security, and fault tolerance in particular, are discussed: * errors, * faults, * failures, * failure modes, * the Byzantine generals problem. Exposure to both security attacks designed to hamper the accountability and availability properties of systems, and available countermeasures is provided.
Suspended sediment and faecal contamination in a stormflow plume from the Hutt River in Wellington Harbour, New Zealand
Creators: name: Gall, Mark P.
name: Davies-Colley, Rob
name: Milne, Juliet
name: Stott, Rebecca
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Muddy, faecally-contaminated river flood plumes in coastal waters are a hazard to contact recreation and bivalve shellfish consumption but are difficult to study, being episodic and transient. We used a new underway flow-through sampler in a small, fast boat, to map a flood plume within Wellington Harbour, while simultaneously sampling water in the Hutt River inflow. Faecal contamination (indexed by E.coli) correlated with flow, salinity, coloured dissolved organic matter, total suspended solids (TSS) and water clarity (light beam attenuation and visual clarity). The freshwater content of the plume agreed well with time-integrated river discharge. Despite the relatively short time-scale (<12 h) of the event, a 21% loss of TSS (particle flocculation and settling), and 30% loss in E. coli (suggesting some die-off) occurred in the plume compared to river loads. E. coli relative to TSS varied up to two orders of magnitude over a year of river flood sampling. A rapid survey of plumes combined with long-term river observations is expected to augment monitoring and inform the extension of remote sensing and modelling efforts to faecal contamination of New Zealand coastal waters.
Radioactive background for ProtoDUNE detector
Creators: name: Parvu, Mihaela
name: Lazanu, Ionel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) is a leading-edge, international experiment for neutrino science and proton decay studies. This experiment is looking for answers regarding several fundamental questions about the nature of matter and the evolution of the universe: origin of matter, unification of forces, physics of black holes. Two far detector prototypes using two distinct technologies have been developed at CERN. The prototypes are testing and validating the liquid argon time projection chamber technology (LArTPC). In neutrino physics, as well as in any experiment with rare interaction rate, the good knowledge of the radioactive backgrounds is important to the success of the study. Unlike most of the charged particles or short lived neutral particles, muons and neutrons represent the main sources of background for this kind of experiments. In this paper, we have considered two sources of neutrons: cosmic neutrons and neutrons coming from the accelerating tunnel. Also, cosmic muons are taken into account. The contribution of these particles to the production of radioactive isotopes inside the active volume of the detector in comparison to the one corresponding to muons is shown. Also, simulations of nuclear reactions for the processes of interest for investigating the radioactive background due to the lack of measurements or insufficient experimental data are presented. The results presented are of interest for the future underground DUNE experiment.
Hospital barriers to the procurement of cadaveric kidneys for transplantation
Creators: name: Gabel, Gwenda Bonita
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Several studies have shown that hospital-based procurement programs fail to secure sufficient donor kidneys in-house. This study examines the institutional and knowledge barriers to the procurement of donor kidneys for a typical urban teaching hospital and the reasons for the failure. A combination of documentary examination, survey and interview methodologies were used to achieve study objectives. Hospital personnel, mostly those in contact with the donation process, constituted the study population, in particular, nursing personnel, physicians and hospital administrators. It was found that (1) gaps exist in the procurement process, i.e. not all the donor kidneys were accessed under existing policies and guidelines; (2) major institutional and knowledge barriers exist which inhibit the procurement process. For example, institutional policies and procedures lacked clarity, definition or were non-formalized. Also relevant hospital personnel were unable to identify all suitable donors. This study adds to our knowledge of impediments to the donor kidney procurement process. It highlights the need to formalize, clarify and define institutional policies and to provide adequate knowledge to relevant staff of the institution. The study also indicates a need for coordination of the donation process in order to secure adequate numbers of donor kidneys.
Untangling the Gordian knot: estuary survival under sea-level rise and catchment pollution requires a new policy and governance approach
Creators: name: Urlich, Stephen C.
name: Hodder-Swain, Jazmynn L.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Many estuaries are squeezed between sea-level rise, coastal hardening and adverse cumulative effects from unsustainable catchment activities. In Aotearoa New Zealand, there is little planning to provide future accommodation space for estuaries. A complex knot of policies and plans, and accompanying poor implementation also affect ecological sustainability. We examine these issues for Brooklands Lagoon/Te Riu o Te Aika Kawa, a tidal lagoon northeast of Christchurch/Ōtautahi. It is within the takiwā of Ngāi Tahu iwi and Ngāi Tūāhuriri hapū, and the jurisdictions of Christchurch City Council and Environment Canterbury. The estuary is influenced by three rivers, and surrounding land use is managed under three different statutory resource management plans, along with several non-regulatory strategies and organisational management plans. However, these plans are poorly integrated and estuarine ecological health is compromised. The incoming tide of resource management and local government reform will add complexity, but also an opportunity to accommodate and enhance the estuary as a blue carbon sink, and to restore cultural and ecological values. This requires specific recognition of estuaries in the proposed managed retreat and spatial planning laws, and within the replacement resource management statute. Legal recognition of Indigenous customary rights could also produce novel governance models to improve management.
How drifting and evaporating pebbles shape giant planets I: Heavy element content and atmospheric C/O
Creators: name: Schneider, Aaron David
name: Bitsch, Bertram
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent observations of extrasolar gas giants suggest super-stellar C/O ratios in planetary atmospheres, while interior models of observed extrasolar giant planets additionally suggest high heavy element contents. Furthermore, recent observations of protoplanetary disks revealed super-solar C/H ratios, which are explained by inward drifting and evaporating pebbles, enhancing the volatile content of the disk. We investigate how the inward drift and evaporation of volatile rich pebbles influences the atmospheric C/O ratio and heavy element content of giant planets growing by pebble and gas accretion. To achieve this goal, we perform semi analytical 1D models of protoplanetary disks including the treatment of viscous evolution and heating, pebble drift and simple chemistry to simulate the growth of planets from planetary embryos to Jupiter mass objects by accretion of pebbles and gas while they migrate through the disk. Our simulations show that the composition of the planetary gas atmosphere is dominated by the accretion of vapour, originating from inward drifting evaporating pebbles. This process allows the giant planets to harbour large heavy element contents. In addition, our model reveals that giant planets originating further away from the central star have a higher C/O ratio on average due to the evaporation of methane rich pebbles in the outer disk. These planets can then also harbour super-solar C/O ratios, in line with exoplanet observations. However, planets formed in the outer disk harbour a smaller heavy element content, due to a smaller vapour enrichment of the outer disk. Our model predicts that giant planets with low/large atmospheric C/O should harbour a large/low total heavy element content. We further conclude that the inclusion of pebble evaporation at evaporation lines is a key ingredient to determine the heavy element content and composition of giant planets.
description: accepted for publication in A&A
A Design of An Authorization Service
Creators: name: Beznosov, Konstantin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2005
Subjects: RAD
HRAC
CORBA Security
access control
Engineering Security Mechanisms

description: Outline:  • CORBA security model  • What CORBA Access Model does[ not] Cover  • Healthcare Resource Access Control (H-RAC) high level view  • Authorization Service framework design details
Use of a multi-metric macroalgal index to document severe eutrophication in a New Zealand estuary
Creators: name: Stevens, Leigh M.
name: Forrest, Barrie M.
name: Dudley, Bruce D.
name: Plew, David R.
name: Zeldis, John R.
name: Shankar, Ude
name: Haddadchi, Arman
name: Roberts, Keryn L.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Environmental indicators that reliably describe estuary trophic response to nutrient loading are required for the effective management of New Zealand estuaries. A common estuary eutrophication response is frequent, extensive and persistent opportunistic macroalgae blooms. This study explores the utility of the Opportunistic Macroalgal Blooming Tool (OMBT) in the New River Estuary (∼4600 ha), a shallow intertidal-dominated system within a pastoral farming catchment in Southland, New Zealand. Total nitrogen (TN) loads increased from 3206 T y−1 in 2000 to 5143 T y−1 in 2020. Concomitantly, areas of opportunistic macroalgae, measured using the OMBT, expanded across the available intertidal habitat (AIH) from 34.9 ha or 1.4% of the AIH to 1383 ha or 47.6% of the AIH, and the average wet weight biomass increased from 19.3 g m−2 to a peak of 1326 g m−2 in 2019. We hypothesise that opportunistic macroalgae expanded rapidly in direct response to temporal increases in TN load, with increases disproportionately contributed by expansion and intensification of dairy farming in the catchment. This study confirmed that the OMBT predictably responded to changes in TN concentration and may therefore be useful in defining estuary-specific TN concentration thresholds to inform likely load reductions required to achieve improved environmental outcomes.
A Spacetime Calculation of the Calabrese-Cardy Entanglement Entropy
Creators: name: Mathur, Abhishek
name: Surya, Sumati
name: X, Nomaan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate Sorkin's spacetime entanglement entropy of a Gaussian scalar field for complementary regions in the 2d cylinder spacetime and show that it has the Calabrese-Cardy form. We find that the cut-off dependent term is universal when we use a covariant UV cut-off. In addition, we show that the relative size-dependent term exhibits complementarity. Its coefficient is however not universal and depends on the choice of pure state. It asymptotes to the universal form within a natural class of pure states.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures
Mixings of 4-quark components in light non-singlet scalar mesons in QCD sum rules
Creators: name: Sugiyama, J.
name: Nakamura, T.
name: Ishii, N.
name: Nishikawa, T.
name: Oka, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Mixings of 4-quark components in the non-singlet scalar mesons are studied in the QCD sum rules. We propose a formulation to evaluate the cross correlators of q\bar q and qq\bar q \bar q operators and to define the mixings of different Fock states in the sum rule. It is applied to the non-singlet scalar mesons, a_0 and K_0^\ast. It is found that the 4-quark operators predict lower masses than the q\bar q operators and that the 4-quark states occupy about 70-90% of the lowest mass states.
description: 8 pages, 9 figures
Αντιμετώπιση Δυσλειτουργικών Αιμορραγιών μήτρας με μεθόδους καταστροφής ενδομητρίου 2ης γενεάς (Μικροκύματα / Διπολική Διαθερμία Ραδιοκυμάτων)
Creators: name: Αθάνατος, Δημήτριος Ν.
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2014
Subjects: Δυσλειτουργική αιμορραγία της μήτρας
Διπολική διαθερμία ραδιοκυμάτων
Μικροκύματα
Dysfunctional uterine bleeding
Novasure
Microwave endometrial ablation (MEA)

description: Σκοπός: Σκοπός της παρούσας τυχαιοποιημένης κλινικής δομικής είναι να συγκριθεί η αποτελεσματικότητα της διπολικής διαθερμίας υπερήχων (Novasure) με αυτή της καταστροφής ενδομητρίου με μικροκύματα (ΜΕΑ), σε περιπτώσεις δυσλειτουργικών αιμορραγιών μήτρας. Υλικό-Μέθοδος: Με βάση τον αρχικό υπολογισμό δείγματος, 66 προεμμηνοπαυσιακές γυναίκες αποτέλεσαν το δείγμα αυτής της μελέτης. Η κατανομή τους σε δύο ομάδες (Novasure: n=33 – MEA: n=33) έγινε με χρήση λίστας τυχαίων αριθμών. Η καταστροφή του ενδομητρίου σε κάθε ασθενή έγινε σύμφωνα με τις οδηγίες του κατασκευαστή κάθε συσκευής. Στη συνέχεια οι ασθενείς παρακολουθήθηκαν για χρονικό διάστημα διάρκειας ενός έτους. Κύρια έκβαση της μελέτης, αποτέλεσε η αμηνόρροια στους 12 μήνες μετά την εφαρμογή της μεθόδου. Αποτελέσματα: Οι ασθενείς που υποβλήθηκαν σε καταστροφή του ενδομητρίου με Novasure παρουσίασαν σημαντικά αυξημένη πιθανότητα αμηνόρροιας 12 μήνες μετά την εφαρμογή της μεθόδου (75.8%), σε σχέση με τις ασθενείς στις οποίες έγινε χρήση του MEA (24.2%) για τον ίδιο σκοπό (ποσοστιαία διαφορά: +51.5%, 95% CI: +27.8 to +67.7; NNT~2). Συμπεράσματα: Με βάση τα αποτελέσματα της πρώτης σχετικής τυχαιοποιημένης μελέτης, η καταστροφή του ενδομητρίου με τη χρήση Novasure παρουσιάζει σημαντικά μεγαλύτερη πιθανότητα αμηνόρροιας στους 12 μήνες μετά την εφαρμογή της μεθόδου σε σχέση με τη χρήση MEA.
description: Aim: To compare the efficacy and safety of two different second generation ablation devices, Novasure impedance control system and Microwave Endometrial Ablation, in cases of abnormal uterine bleeding. Methods: This is a randomized controlled trial that took place in a single Gynecological Department of a University Hospital. Sixty six women with dysfunctional uterine bleeding, unresponsive to medical treatment, were included in the trial. The ratio of women allocated to bipolar radio-frequency ablation or microwave endometrial ablation was 1:1. Follow-up assessments were carried out at 3 and 12 months post-ablation. Our main outcome measure was amenorrhea rates 12-months post-treatment. Results: The rate of amenorrhea at 12-months post-ablation was significantly higher in women treated by Novasure (25/33; 75.8%) as compared to those treated by MEA (8/33; 24.2%) (rate difference: +51.5%, 95% CI: +27.8 to +67.7). Conclusions: In women with dysfunctional uterine bleeding, endometrial ablation with Novasure bipolar radiofrequency impedance-controlled system is associated with increased rates of amenorrhea at 12-months post-treatment as compared to the microwave endometrial ablation method.
Understanding the consequences of sea level rise: the ecological implications of losing intertidal habitat
Creators: name: Rullens, Vera
name: Mangan, Stephanie
name: Stephenson, Fabrice
name: Clark, Dana E.
name: Bulmer, Richard H.
name: Berthelsen, Anna
name: Crawshaw, Josie
name: Gladstone-Gallagher, Rebecca V.
name: Thomas, Sam
name: Ellis, Joanne I.
name: Pilditch, Conrad A.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Sea level rise (SLR) has been described as one of the greatest potential causes of ecosystem disruption, putting many coastal areas at risk of irreversible changes. However, the loss of intertidal areas from SLR and the associated ecological and social repercussions receive little attention. Within estuaries, extensive intertidal areas harbour a variety of habitats and communities and represent hotspots of ecosystem functions. Any changes to their distribution or extent are likely to have far reaching implications. Here we summarise the ecological consequences of a reduction in intertidal area from increasing SLR, and the implications for people, management and planning. To facilitate this discussion, changes in the occurrence and abundance of two ecologically and culturally important intertidal shellfish species (Austrovenus stutchburyi and Macomona liliana) were modelled under different SLR scenarios for Tauranga Harbour, Aotearoa New Zealand. We highlight how the squeezing of intertidal areas will likely alter the distribution and extent of key habitats and communities, and discuss the implications for coastal food webs, ecosystem functioning and service provision. Pre-emptive planning and adaptive management are needed that incorporate ecological losses in risk assessments and focuses on pro-active solutions to increase resilience to the effects of SLR.
The XENON1T experiment: Monte Carlo background estimation
and sensitivity curves study
Creators: name: Massoli, Fabio Valerio <1987>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2015
Subjects: FIS/01 Fisica sperimentale

description: Despite the scientific achievement of the last decades in the astrophysical and cosmological fields, the majority of the Universe energy content is still unknown. A potential solution to the “missing mass problem” is the existence of dark matter in the form of WIMPs. Due to the very small cross section for WIMP-nuleon 
interactions, the number of expected events is very limited (about 1 ev/tonne/year), thus requiring  detectors with large target mass and low background level. The aim of the XENON1T experiment, the first tonne-scale LXe based detector, is to be sensitive to WIMP-nucleon cross section as low as 10^-47 cm^2. 
To investigate the possibility of such a detector to reach its goal, Monte Carlo simulations are mandatory to estimate the background. To this aim, the GEANT4 toolkit has been used to implement the detector geometry and to simulate the decays from the various background sources: electromagnetic and nuclear. From the analysis of the simulations, the level of background has been found totally acceptable for the experiment purposes: about 1 background event in a 2 tonne-years exposure. Indeed, using the Maximum Gap method, the XENON1T sensitivity has been evaluated and the minimum for the WIMP-nucleon cross sections has been found at 
1.87 x 10^-47 cm^2, at 90% CL, for a WIMP mass of 45 GeV/c^2. The results have been independently cross checked by using the Likelihood Ratio method that confirmed such results with an agreement within less than a factor two. Such a result is completely acceptable considering the intrinsic differences between the two statistical methods. Thus, in the PhD thesis it has been proven that the XENON1T detector will be able to reach the designed sensitivity, thus lowering the limits on the WIMP-nucleon cross section by about 2 orders of magnitude with respect to the current experiments.
Silk Fibroin: a biopolymer platform for innovative pharmaceutical formulation and biomedical devices.
Creators: name: Sagnella, Anna <1984>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2015
Subjects: CHIM/08 Chimica farmaceutica

description: The protein silk fibroin (SF) from the silkworm Bombyx mori is a FDA-approved biomaterial used over centuries as sutures wire. Importantly, several evidences highlighted the potential of silk biomaterials obtained by using so-called regenerated silk fibroin (RSF) in biomedicine, tissue engineering and drug delivery. Indeed, by a water-based protocol, it is possible to obtain protein water-solution, by extraction and purification of fibroin from silk fibres. Notably, RSF can be processed in a variety of biomaterials forms used in biomedical and technological fields, displaying remarkable properties such as biocompatibility, controllable biodegradability, optical transparency, mechanical robustness. Moreover, RSF biomaterials can be doped and/or chemical functionalized with drugs, optically active molecules, growth factors and/or chemicals
In this view, activities of my PhD research program were focused to standardize the process of extraction and purification of protein to get the best physical and chemical characteristics. The analysis of the chemo-physical properties of the fibroin involved both the RSF water-solution and the protein processed in film. Chemo-physical properties have been studied through: vibrational (FT-IR and Raman-FT) and optical (absorption and emission UV-VIS) spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance (1H and 13C NMR), thermal analysis and thermo-gravimetric scan (DSC and TGA). In the last year of my PhD, activities were focused to study and define innovative methods of functionalization of the silk fibroin solution and films. Indeed, research program was the application of different methods of manufacturing approaches of the films of fibroin without the use of harsh treatments and organic solvents. New approaches to doping and chemical functionalization of the silk fibroin were studied. Two different methods have been identified: 1) biodoping that consists in the doping of fibroin with optically active molecules through the addition of fluorescent molecules in the standard diet used for the breeding of silkworms; 2) chemical functionalization via silylation.
The growth of density perturbations in the last $\sim$10 billion years from tomographic large-scale structure data
Creators: name: García-García, Carlos
name: Zapatero, Jaime Ruiz
name: Alonso, David
name: Bellini, Emilio
name: Ferreira, Pedro G.
name: Mueller, Eva-Maria
name: Nicola, Andrina
name: Ruiz-Lapuente, Pilar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In order to investigate the origin of the ongoing tension between the amplitude of matter fluctuations measured by weak lensing experiments at low redshifts and the value inferred from the cosmic microwave background anisotropies, we reconstruct the evolution of this amplitude from $z\sim2$ using existing large-scale structure data. To do so, we decouple the linear growth of density inhomogeneities from the background expansion, and constrain its redshift dependence making use of a combination of 6 different data sets, including cosmic shear, galaxy clustering and CMB lensing. We analyze these data under a consistent harmonic-space angular power spectrum-based pipeline. We show that current data constrain the amplitude of fluctuations mostly in the range $0.2
description: v1: 45 pages, 12 figures, comments welcome. v2: Minor changes. Accepted version in JCAP
Renyi Entropy of the XY Spin Chain
Creators: name: Franchini, F.
name: Its, A. R.
name: Korepin, V. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the one-dimensional XY quantum spin chain in a transverse magnetic field. We are interested in the Renyi entropy of a block of L neighboring spins at zero temperature on an infinite lattice. The Renyi entropy is essentially the trace of some power $α$ of the density matrix of the block. We calculate the asymptotic for $L \to \infty$ analytically in terms of Klein's elliptic $λ$ - function. We study the limiting entropy as a function of its parameter $α$. We show that up to the trivial addition terms and multiplicative factors, and after a proper re-scaling, the Renyi entropy is an automorphic function with respect to a certain subgroup of the modular group; moreover, the subgroup depends on whether the magnetic field is above or below its critical value. Using this fact, we derive the transformation properties of the Renyi entropy under the map $α\to α^{-1}$ and show that the entropy becomes an elementary function of the magnetic field and the anisotropy when $α$ is a integer power of 2, this includes the purity $tr ρ^2$. We also analyze the behavior of the entropy as $α\to 0$ and $\infty$ and at the critical magnetic field and in the isotropic limit [XX model].
description: 28 Pages, 1 Figure
Satellite remote sensing of coastal water quality in New Zealand
Creators: name: Gall, Mark P.
name: Pinkerton, Matthew H.
name: Steinmetz, Tilmann
name: Wood, Simon
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Water quality in estuarine and coastal waters of Aotearoa New Zealand is of concern yet currently under-monitored, reflecting challenges of sampling at regular intervals across large areas. Satellite products are currently underutilised (globally) by management agencies but could be part of a holistic approach. NIWA-SCENZ (Seas, Coasts and Estuaries New Zealand) is a website providing access to MODIS-Aqua products at moderate spatial resolution (500 m) across relatively clear coastal waters (Case 1) to turbid coastal waters (Case 2). It also provides advanced analytical tools on an extracted area of interest for trend assessment (Shiny-SCENZ). For Case 1 areas product accuracy will be comparable to data from other websites using the same algorithms. For Case 2 and transition (blended) areas, although tuned to New Zealand conditions, accuracy of products requires validation. Data availability is mainly impacted by cloud cover, but also adjacency to land and bottom reflection. On average <5% within ∼1 km from coastlines, compared to ∼10%–30% outside 2 km. Extrapolation and blending from offshore into shorelines on month averaged maps extend estimates into many bays and estuaries. Active research efforts will deliver iterative improvements in data quality, new products, and analysis methods (e.g. variability and long-term trend maps).
Fundamental Plane of Sunyaev-Zeldovich clusters
Creators: name: Afshordi, Niayesh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ) cluster surveys are considered among the most promising methods for probing dark energy up to large redshifts. However, their premise is hinged upon an accurate mass-observable relationship, which could be affected by the (rather poorly understood) physics of the intracluster gas. In this letter, using a semi-analytic model of the intracluster gas that accommodates various theoretical uncertainties, I develop a Fundamental Plane relationship between the observed size, thermal energy, and mass of galaxy clusters. In particular, I find that M ~ (Y_{SZ}/R_{SZ,2})^{3/4}, where M is the mass, Y_{SZ} is the total SZ flux or thermal energy, and R_{SZ,2} is the SZ half-light radius of the cluster. I first show that, within this model, using the Fundamental Plane relationship reduces the (systematic+random) errors in mass estimates to 14%, from 22% for a simple mass-flux relationship. Since measurement of the cluster sizes is an inevitable part of observing the SZ clusters, the Fundamental Plane relationship can be used to reduce the error of the cluster mass estimates by ~ 34%, improving the accuracy of the resulting cosmological constraints without any extra cost. I then argue why our Fundamental Plane is distinctly different from the virial relationship that one may naively expect between the cluster parameters. Finally, I argue that while including more details of the observed SZ profile cannot significantly improve the accuracy of mass estimates, a better understanding of the impact of non-gravitational heating/cooling processes on the outskirts of the intracluster medium (apart from external calibrations) might be the best way to reduce these errors.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure, added an analytic derivation of the Fundametal Plane relation (which is distinctly different from the virial relation), submitted to ApJ
Advancing the Understanding of Android Unlocking and Usage
Creators: name: Qiu, Lina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Smartphone Security
Authentication
Age
Lock screen
Field Study

description: Research efforts have been made towards creating mobile authentication systems to better serve users' concerns regarding usability and security. While previous works have revealed real world smartphone authentication usage patterns, several aspects still need to be explored. In this research, we fill some of these knowledge gaps, including how age influences smartphone use. To this end, we performed a two-month long field study on a diverse North American study pool (N = 137). We examined how smartphone usage correlates with users' ages, their choice of unlocking mechanisms (e.g., PIN vs. Pattern) and the types of activities they undertook while unlocking their phones. Study results reveal that there are indeed significant differences across age and unlocking mechanisms. For instance, older participants interacted significantly less-frequently with their devices, and for a significantly shorter amount of time each day. Fingerprint users had significantly more device sessions than other mechanism groups. In addition, we also observed that most participants regularly shared their devices with others, while they also likely underestimated the sensitivity of the data stored on them. Overall, these observations provide important messages for designers and developers of smartphone authentication systems.
Estuaries as coastal reactors: importance of shallow seafloor habitats for primary productivity and nutrient transformation, and impacts of sea level rise
Creators: name: Douglas, Emily J.
name: Bulmer, Richard H.
name: MacDonald, Iain T.
name: Lohrer, Andrew M.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Estuaries are hotspots of primary productivity and nutrient transformation that contribute to food webs and ecosystem functioning locally and in adjacent ecosystems. The depth-dependence of nutrient transformation and primary productivity rates in the water column and the seafloor were investigated, and the lateral transport of solutes and materials across the estuary mouth were quantified. Using an estuary dominated by shallow soft-sediment habitats as a case study, the effects of sea level rise (SLR) on productivity and nutrient transformation processes were projected. The estuary was a net importer of dissolved nutrients from the coast, and a net exporter of suspended sediments and chlorophyll a, supporting the notion that estuaries are important nutrient transformation reactors. A significant depth (and light) effect on productivity indicates that increasing stressors associated with climate change that reduce light at the seafloor (SLR and increased turbidity) will negatively impact estuarine productivity. Intertidal and shallow subtidal benthic habitats were responsible for most of the productivity of the estuary and this is likely to be consistent for other shallow estuaries globally. SLR and anthropogenic intervention that prevents landward migration (i.e. seawalls and armouring), will result in the loss of these habitats and their significant contributions to adjacent coastal ecosystems.
The Spectral Index Distribution of EGRET Blazars: Prospects for GLAST
Creators: name: Venters, Tonia M.
name: Pavlidou, Vasiliki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The intrinsic distribution of spectral indices in GeV energies of gamma-ray--loud blazars is a critical input in determining the spectral shape of the unresolved blazar contribution to the diffuse extragalactic gamma-ray background, as well as an important test of blazar emission theories. We present a maximum-likelihood method of determining the intrinsic spectral index distribution (ISID) of a population of gamma-ray emitters which accounts for error in measurement of individual spectral indices, and we apply it to EGRET blazars. We find that the most likely Gaussian ISID for EGRET blazars has a mean of 2.27 and a standard deviation of 0.20. We additionally find some indication that FSRQs and BL Lacs may have different ISIDs (with BL Lacs being harder). We also test for spectral index hardening associated with blazar variability for which we find no evidence. Finally, we produce simulated GLAST spectral index datasets and perform the same analyses. With improved statistics due to the much larger number of resolvable blazars, GLAST data will help us determine the ISIDs with much improved accuracy. Should any difference exist between the ISIDs of BL Lacs and FSRQs or between the ISIDs of blazars in the quiescent and flaring states, GLAST data will be adequate to separate these ISIDs at a significance better than 3 sigma.
description: 11 pages, 9 figures, emulateapj; accepted for publication in ApJ