cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Instructional and Pedagogical design principles in Virtual Reality Environments
Creators: name: Oje, Adurangba
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Education
subject: Engineering

description: The systematic review will: i. Identify which multimedia and generative learning principles are implemented in educational VR environments ii. Examine the cognitive and affective outcomes measured in these studies and how evidence-based multi-media, generative principles, and learning theories have affected their effects in educational VR environments. iii. Identify factors that influence the effectiveness of evidence-based principles in VRLES and clarify the boundary conditions that moderate their effects.
A Definition of Background Independence
Creators: name: Gryb, Sean B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a definition for background (in)/dependence in dynamical theories of the evolution of configurations that have a continuous symmetry and test this definition on particle models and on gravity. Our definition draws from Barbour's best-matching framework developed for the purpose of implementing spatial and temporal relationalism. Among other interesting theories, general relativity can be derived within this framework in novel ways. We study the detailed canonical structure of a wide range of best matching theories and show that their actions must have a local gauge symmetry. When gauge theory is derived in this way, we obtain at the same time a conceptual framework for distinguishing between background dependent and independent theories. Gauge invariant observables satisfying Kuchar's criterion are identified and, in simple cases, explicitly computed. We propose a procedure for inserting a global background time into temporally relational theories. Interestingly, using this procedure in general relativity leads to unimodular gravity.
description: 35 pages
SUPPORTING INFORMATION from Nest architecture influences host use by avian brood parasites and is shaped by coevolutionary dynamics
Creators: name: Hauber, Mark E.
name: Nagy, Jenő
name: Sheard, Catherine
name: Antonson, Nicholas D.
name: Street, Sally E.
name: Healy, Susan D.
name: Lala, Kevin N.
name: Mainwaring, Mark C.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 310499
subject: Evolutionary biology not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 310901
subject: Animal behaviour

description: Brood (social) parasites and their hosts exhibit a wide range of adaptations and counter-adaptations as part of their ongoing coevolutionary arms races. Obligate avian brood parasites are expected to use potential host species with more easily accessible nests, while potential hosts are expected to evade parasitism by building more concealed nests that are difficult for parasites to enter and in which to lay eggs. We used phylogenetically informed comparative analyses, a global database of the world's brood parasites, their host species, and the design of avian host and non-host nests (approx. 6200 species) to examine first, whether parasites preferentially target host species that build open nests and, second, whether host species that build enclosed nests are more likely to be targeted by specialist parasites. We found that species building more accessible nests are more likely to serve as hosts, while host species with some of the more inaccessible nests are targeted by more specialist brood parasites. Furthermore, evolutionary-transition analyses demonstrate that host species building enclosed nests frequently evolve to become non-hosts. We conclude that nest architecture and the accessibility of nests for parasitism represent a critical stage of the ongoing coevolutionary arms race between avian brood parasites and their hosts.
Analytical Blowup Solutions to the 2-dimensional Isothermal Euler-Poisson Equations of Gaseous Stars
Creators: name: Yuen, Manwai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the Euler-Poisson equations of describing the evolution of the gaseous star in astrophysics. Firstly, we construct a family of analytical blowup solutions for the isothermal case in R^2. Furthermore the blowup rate of the above solutions is also studied and some remarks about the applicability of such solutions to the Navier-Stokes-Poisson equations and the drift-diffusion model in semiconductors are included. Finally, for the isothermal case, the result of Makino and Perthame for the tame solutions is extended to show that the life span of such solutions must be finite if the initial data is with compact support.
description: 15 pages
Shatrovskii's construction of thin bases
Creators: name: Nathanson, Melvyn B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11B13, 11B05, 11B75, 11P99

description: The set A of nonnegative integers is called a basis of order h if every nonnegative integer can be represented as the sum of exactly h not necessarily distinct elements of A. An additive basis A of order h is called thin if there exists c > 0 such that the number of elements of A not exceeding x is less than cx^{1/h} for all x > 0. This paper describes a construction of Shatrovskii of thin bases of order h.
description: 8 pages
Power dependence of pure spin current injection by quantum interference
Creators: name: Ruzicka, Brian A.
name: Zhao, Hui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the power dependence of pure spin current injection in GaAs bulk and quantum-well samples by a quantum interference and control technique. Spin separation is measured as a function of the relative strength of the two transition pathways driven by two laser pulses. By keeping the relaxation time of the current unchanged, we are able to relate the spin separation to the injected average velocity. We find that the average velocity is determined by the relative strength of the two transitions in the same way as in classical interference. Based on this, we conclude that the density of injected pure spin current increases monotonically with the excitation laser intensities. The experimental results are consistent with theoretical calculations based on Fermi's golden rule.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Additional file 1 of Patients experiences with multiple sclerosis disease-modifying therapies in daily life – a qualitative interview study
Creators: name: Sippel, Anna
name: Riemann-Lorenz, Karin
name: Scheiderbauer, Jutta
name: Kleiter, Ingo
name: Morrison, Rebecca
name: Kofahl, Christopher
name: Heesen, Christoph
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Interview guide.
Stochastic Constraint Programming: A Scenario-Based Approach
Creators: name: Tarim, S. Armagan
name: Manandhar, Suresh
name: Walsh, Toby
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.4

description: To model combinatorial decision problems involving uncertainty and probability, we introduce scenario based stochastic constraint programming. Stochastic constraint programs contain both decision variables, which we can set, and stochastic variables, which follow a discrete probability distribution. We provide a semantics for stochastic constraint programs based on scenario trees. Using this semantics, we can compile stochastic constraint programs down into conventional (non-stochastic) constraint programs. This allows us to exploit the full power of existing constraint solvers. We have implemented this framework for decision making under uncertainty in stochastic OPL, a language which is based on the OPL constraint modelling language [Hentenryck et al., 1999]. To illustrate the potential of this framework, we model a wide range of problems in areas as diverse as portfolio diversification, agricultural planning and production/inventory management.
Additional file 2 of Patients experiences with multiple sclerosis disease-modifying therapies in daily life – a qualitative interview study
Creators: name: Sippel, Anna
name: Riemann-Lorenz, Karin
name: Scheiderbauer, Jutta
name: Kleiter, Ingo
name: Morrison, Rebecca
name: Kofahl, Christopher
name: Heesen, Christoph
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2. Themes, sub-themes and the corresponding exemplary quotes from pwMS.
"Burning and sticking" model for a porous material: suppression of the topological phase transition due to the backbone reinforcement effect
Creators: name: Ioselevich, A. S.
name: Lyubshin, D. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce and study the "burning-and-sticking" (BS) lattice model for the porous material that involves sticking of emerging finite clusters to the mainland. In contrast with other single-cluster models, it does not demonstrate any phase transition: the backbone exists at arbitrarily low concentrations. The same is true for hybrid models, where the sticking events occur with probability $q$: the backbone survives at arbitrarily low $q$. Disappearance of the phase transition is attributed to the backbone reinforcement effect, generic for models with sticking. A relation between BS and the cluster-cluster aggregation is briefly discussed.
description: 5 pages, 9 figures
A Recursive Encoding for Cuneiform Signs
Creators: name: Stelzer, Daniel M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: One of the most significant problems in cuneiform pedagogy is the process of looking up unknown signs, which often involves a tedious page-by-page search through a sign list. This paper proposes a new "recursive encoding" for signs, which represents the arrangement of strokes in a way a computer can process. A series of new algorithms then offers students a new way to look up signs by any distinctive component, as well as providing new ways to render signs and tablets electronically.
description: 27 pages, 29 figures, 5 tables
Impedance-based modelling for transient and stability analysis of power-electronics-based power systems
Creators: name: Vahabzadeh, Taleb
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2024

description: Modern power systems are experiencing increasing deployment of power-electronic-interfaced renewable and distributed energy resources (R/DERs), leading to new dynamics and challenges in transient and stability assessment. The reliable design, analysis, and optimum operation of such systems require advanced simulation tools. The detailed switching and dynamic average value models (AVMs) of converters, commonly used for time-domain transient analysis, are computationally expensive and pose interfacing challenges in electromagnetic transient programs (EMT/EMTP), limiting offline and real-time simulations. Furthermore, conducting stability analysis for multi-converter-based systems in the frequency domain using impedance-based modelling (IBM) involves the aggregation of individual converters. This approach results in creating multi-input multi-output (MIMO) transfer matrices with high-order transfer functions, introducing complexities that render this approach impractical. This thesis advances state-of-the-art and develops novel transient and stability analysis tools for the analysis of modern power systems in the time- and frequency-domain. For time-domain transient analysis, this thesis develops an impedance/admittance-based electromagnetic transient (I/ABM-EMT) approach for analyzing large-scale power-electronics-based energy conversion systems. Compared to the traditional EMTP approach with a detailed representation of all switches or the use of AVM for the converters, the developed approach applies IBM to the converter-based resources, which reduces the effective network to be simulated and the size of the overall nodal equation. Moreover, for stability analysis in the frequency-domain, this thesis proposes a numerical recursive aggregation technique that, unlike the more established analytically aggregated modelling, uses a numerical approach to aggregate the MIMO transfer matrices, which avoids some of the challenges of traditional analytical operations. Furthermore, an algorithm is proposed to automate the aggregation of large-scale converter-based systems. The new algorithm is formulated as a recursive process to deal with the typical tree-like structure of distribution systems. Extensive offline and real-time studies demonstrate the superiority of the developed modelling and simulation tools in terms of computational efficiency and accuracy compared to the alternative state-of-the-art approaches.
Internal Josephson Effects in Spinor Dipolar Bose--Einstein Condensates
Creators: name: Yasunaga, Masashi
name: Tsubota, Makoto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically study the internal Josephson effect, which is driven by spin exchange interactions and magnetic dipole-dipole interactions, in a three-level system for spin-1 Bose--Einstein condensates, obtaining novel spin dynamics. We introduce single spatial mode approximations into the Gross--Pitaevskii equations and derive the Josephson type equations, which are analogous to tunneling currents through three junctions between three superconductors. From an analogy with two interacting nonrigid pendulums, we identify unique varied oscillational modes, called the 0--$π$, 0--$running$, $running$--$running$, $2nπ& running$--$2π$, $single nonrigid pendulum$, and $two rigid pendulums$ phase modes. These Josephson modes in the three states are expected to be found in real atomic Bose gas systems.
description: 9 pages, 13 figures
Méthodologie de conception par l’optimisation topologique pour la préparation à la fabrication additive d’une tuyère supersonique
Creators: name: El Mellouhi, Amjad
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 401706
subject: Numerical modelling and mechanical characterisation
classificationCode: 401704
subject: Mechanical engineering asset management
classificationCode: 401799
subject: Mechanical engineering not elsewhere classified

description: This thesis presents a study of the design by topological optimization and the systemic approach for the preparation for the additive manufacturing of supersonic nozzles. The modeling of the nozzle geometry was carried out, followed by the topological optimization of the nozzle. An analysis of the feasibility of additive manufacturing has been carried out and a methodology for the systemic approach to design has been defined. The performance of the designed nozzle was assessed, as well as its feasibility for additive manufacturing. The life cycle analysis of the nozzle was also carried out. The results obtained showed the effectiveness of the design by topological optimization and of the systemic approach for the preparation for the additive manufacturing of supersonic nozzles.
Additional file 1 of Health insurance and health system (un) responsiveness: a qualitative study with elderly in rural Tanzania
Creators: name: Amani, Paul Joseph
name: Hurtig, Anna-Karin
name: Frumence, Gasto
name: Kiwara, Angwara Denis
name: Goicolea, Isabel
name: San Sebastiån, Miguel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1
Re-examination of the role of displacement and photon catalysis operation in continuous variable measurement device-independent quantum key distribution
Creators: name: Kumar, Chandan
name: Arvind
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the benefits of using $m$-photon catalysed two-mode squeezed coherent ($m$-PCTMSC) state in continuous variable measurement device-independent quantum key distribution (CV-MDI-QKD). To that end, we derive the Wigner characteristic function of the $m$-PCTMSC state and show that the 0-PCTMSC state is a Gaussian state and is an inferior choice as compared to the zero photon catalyzed two-mode squeezed vacuum state for CV-MDI-QKD. We carry out the optimization of the secret key rate with respect to all state parameters, namely variance, transmissivity, and displacement. Contrary to many recent proposals, the results show that zero- and single-photon catalysis operation provides only a marginal benefit in improving the maximum transmission distance. Secondly, we find that displacement offers no benefit in improving CV-MDI-QKD.
description: Comments are welcome
Establishing the Presence of Coherence in Atomic Fermi Superfluids: Spin-Flip and Spin-Preserving Bragg Scattering at Finite Temperatures
Creators: name: Guo, Hao
name: Chien, Chih-Chun
name: Levin, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show how the difference between the finite temperature T structure factors, called S_-, associated with spin and density, can be used as a indication of superfluidity in ultracold Fermi gases. This observation can be exploited in two photon Bragg scattering experiments on gases which undergo BCS- Bose Einstein condensation crossover. Essential to our calculations is a proper incorporation of spin and particle number conservation laws which lead to compatibility at general T with two f-sum rules. Because it is applicable to general scattering lengths, a measurement of S- can be a useful, direct approach for establishing where superfluidity occurs.
RESCUE-Net - Developing a Faculty Network in a Biodiversity Hotspot: the Research Experiences in Southern California For Undergraduate Ecologists Network (RCN-UBE Introduction)
Creators: name: Meyer, Wallace
name: Karnovsky, Nina
Publisher: name: QUBES Educational Resources
Year: 2023

description: RESCUE-Net is a network of faculty in Southern California dedicated to mentoring undergraduates in conservation research so that they can become the next generation of ecological leaders.
Additional file 2 of Health insurance and health system (un) responsiveness: a qualitative study with elderly in rural Tanzania
Creators: name: Amani, Paul Joseph
name: Hurtig, Anna-Karin
name: Frumence, Gasto
name: Kiwara, Angwara Denis
name: Goicolea, Isabel
name: San Sebastiån, Miguel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2
Supporting Information from Mosquito ageing modulates the development, virulence and transmission potential of pathogens
Creators: name: Somé, Bernard M.
name: Guissou, Edwige
name: Da, Dari F.
name: Richard, Quentin
name: Choisy, Marc
name: Yameogo, Koudraogo Bienvenue
name: Hien, Domombabele FdS
name: Yerbanga, Rakiswende S.
name: Ouedraogo, Georges Anicet
name: Dabiré, Kounbobr R.
name: Djidjou-Demasse, Ramsès
name: Cohuet, Anna
name: Lefèvre, Thierry
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 310399
subject: Ecology not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 310499
subject: Evolutionary biology not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 420299
subject: Epidemiology not elsewhere classified

description: Host age variation is a striking source of heterogeneity that can shape the evolution and transmission dynamic of pathogens. Compared to vertebrate systems, our understanding of the impact of host age on invertebrate–pathogen interactions remains limited. We examined the influence of mosquito age on key life-history traits driving human malaria transmission. Females of Anopheles coluzzii, a major malaria vector, belonging to three age classes (4, 8 and 12 day-old), were experimentally infected with Plasmodium falciparum field isolates. Our findings revealed reduced competence in 12-day-old mosquitoes, characterized by lower oocyst/sporozoite rates and intensities compared with younger mosquitoes. Despite shorter median longevities in older age classes, infected 12-day-old mosquitoes exhibited improved survival, suggesting that the infection might act as a fountain of youth for older mosquitoes specifically. The timing of sporozoite appearance in the salivary glands remained consistent across mosquito age classes, with an extrinsic incubation period of approximately 13 days. Integrating these results into an epidemiological model revealed a lower vectorial capacity for older mosquitoes compared with younger ones, albeit still substantial due to extended longevity in the presence of infection. Considering age heterogeneity provides valuable insights for ecological and epidemiological studies, informing targeted control strategies to mitigate pathogen transmission.
Boundary conditions for spacelike and timelike warped AdS_3 spaces in topologically massive gravity
Creators: name: Compère, Geoffrey
name: Detournay, Stéphane
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a set of consistent boundary conditions containing the spacelike warped black holes solutions of Topologically Massive Gravity. We prove that the corresponding asymptotic charges whose algebra consists in a Virasoro algebra and a current algebra are finite, integrable and conserved. A similar analysis is performed for the timelike warped AdS_3 spaces which contain a family of regular solitons. The energy of the boundary Virasoro excitations is positive while the current algebra leads to negative (for the spacelike warped case) and positive (for the timelike warped case) energy boundary excitations. We discuss the relationship with the Brown-Henneaux boundary conditions.
description: 16 pages, ESI proceedings, v2: typos corrected, published version
Collapse of the fractional quantum Hall state by a unidirectional periodic potential modulation
Creators: name: Endo, A.
name: Shibata, N.
name: Iye, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have investigated the effect of unidirectional periodic potential modulation on the fractional quantum Hall (FQH) states located within the filling factor range $1
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, EP2DS-18
Precision tests of the SM with leptonic and semileptonic kaon decays
Creators: name: Sciascia, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper presents the analysis of leptonic and semileptonic kaon decays data done by the FlaviaNet Kaon Working group. Data include all recent results by BNL-E865, KLOE, KTeV, ISTRA+, and NA48. Experimental results are critically reviewed and combined, taking into account theoretical (both analytical and numerical) constraints on the semileptonic kaon form factors. We report on a very accurate determination of V_{us} as well as on many other tests of the SM which can be performed with leptonic and semileptonic K decays.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures, prepared for the 5th "International Workshop on e+e- collisions from Phi to Psi" (PhiPSi08)
Werkstattbericht zu einer phasenverbindenden Unterrichtsplanung innerhalb eines universitären Seminars am Beispiel der Konstruktion digitaler Unterrichtsmaterialien im Fach Biologie
Creators: name: Hülsmann, Marlina
name: Trapp, Anne
name: Wilde, Matthias
Publisher: name: Die Materialwerkstatt. Zeitschrift für Konzepte und Arbeitsmaterialien für Lehrer*innenbildung und Unterricht.
Year: 2023

description: Komplexe Lernanforderungen, wie die Planung digitaler Unterrichtsmaterialien in einem Team mit Lehrkräften und Fachdidaktiker*innen, können Studierende vor Herausforderungen stellen. Um dem gerecht zu werden, können bestimmte Lernsettings Anwendung finden, in denen bspw. durch strukturgebende Elemente und das Angebot von Hilfestellungen eine Orientierung geschaffen wird. Dies kann z.B. durch den Einsatz der Methode des Soft Scaffoldings, aber auch durch die Berücksichtigung der Überlegungen des gemäßigten Konstruktivismus und der Selbstbestimmungstheorie der Motivation erfolgen. Der vorliegende Artikel betrachtet, inwiefern Studierende im Rahmen einer gemeinsamen Unterrichtsplanung mit Lehrkräften und Fachdidaktiker*innen die getroffenen Maßnahmen zur Lernunterstützung, denen Überlegungen des gemäßigten Konstruktivismus, der Selbstbestimmungstheorie der Motivation und Maßnahmen des Soft Scaffoldings zugrunde liegen, als hilfreich empfinden. In einem leitfadengestützten Interview wurden hierzu zwei Studierende zu ihrer Wahrnehmung der zugrunde gelegten Unterstützungsangebote befragt. An der phasenverbindenden Planung beteiligt waren neben den Studierenden eine Fachdidaktikerin der Biologie und eine Biologielehrkraft. Durch die Auswertung der Interviewdaten mittels qualitativer Inhaltsanalyse konnte gezeigt werden, dass sowohl die Berücksichtigung des Soft Scaffoldings als auch des gemäßigten Konstruktivismus sowie der Selbstbestimmungstheorie der Motivation während der Tridem-Arbeit (Studierende – Lehrkraft – Fachdidaktikerin) durch die Studierenden in vielerlei Hinsicht positiv eingeschätzt wurde. Hervorzuheben ist hier speziell das Soft Scaffolding seitens Lehrkraft und Fachdidaktikerin. Eingeschränkt werden müssen diese Befunde jedoch hinsichtlich der fehlenden Strukturgebung besonders zu Beginn der gemeinsamen Arbeit, was sich hemmend auf die Kompetenzwahrnehmung der Studierenden auswirkte. Es zeigt sich außerdem, dass es für gemeinsame Planungsprozesse von großer Bedeutung ist, das Vorwissen der Lernenden zu berücksichtigen. Insgesamt sollte je nach Komplexität der Aufgabe eine noch stärkere Unterstützung erfolgen, um die Professionalisierung der Studierenden bestmöglich zu fördern.
description: Die Materialwerkstatt. Zeitschrift für Konzepte und Arbeitsmaterialien für Lehrer*innenbildung und Unterricht., Bd. 5 Nr. 1 (2023): Die Materialwerkstatt – Ausgabe 5
Additional file 1 of Psychometric properties of the Malay version Women’s Views of Birth Postnatal Satisfaction Questionnaire using the Rasch measurement model: a cross-sectional study
Creators: name: Norhayati, Mohd Noor
name: Fatin Imtithal, Adnan
name: Nor Akma, Yunus
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1.
Simulation of current-induced microwave oscillation in geometrically confined domain wall
Creators: name: Matsushita, Katsuyoshi
name: Sato, Jun
name: Imamura, Hiroshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We studied magnetization dynamics of a geometrically confined domain wall under dc current by solving simultaneously the Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation and diffusion equation for spin accumulation. We showed that the oscillation motion of the domain wall is driven by the spin-transfer torque and the dc current is converted to the ac voltage signal. The results means that the geometrically confined domain wall is applicable as a source of microwave oscillator.
description: 3 pages, 3 figures
Next generation SiPM characterization and modeling for ARGO
Creators: name: McCarthy, Duncan
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2024

description: The nature of the dark matter particle is one of the most prevalent outstanding questions in particle physics. Over the past several decades, direct detection experiments have been trying to measure the properties of the dark matter particle on earth. The Global Argon Dark Matter Collaboration (GADMC) has several large-area detectors in development designed for this purpose. Due to their better cryogenic performance and higher radiopurity, Silicon PhotoMultipliers (SiPMs) are increasingly considered in these experiments over PhotoMultiplier Tubes (PMTs) to measure the scintillation light produced in particle interactions within the liquid argon detectors used. The development of passively quenched, analogue SiPMs has supported this transition. Looking forward into the future to GADMC's flagship experiment, ARGO, there is interest in applying active quenching technology in a new generation of digital SiPMs with better timing resolution and on-chip signal digitization for better signal to noise for this detector. One such device is the prototype U. Sherbrooke and Teledyne Dalsa Photon to Digital Converter (PDC). The dark noise sources and rates of this device were studied using TRIUMF's Microscope for the Injection and Emission of Light (MIEL) experiment, with the intent to better understand dark noise sources in general and to analyse the current state of digital SiPMs in the context of large-area direct dark matter detectors.
Impact of Rushing attack on Multicast in Mobile Ad Hoc Network
Creators: name: Palanisamy, V.
name: Annadurai, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A mobile ad hoc network (MANETs) is a self-organizing system of mobile nodes that communicate with each other via wireless links with no fixed infrastructure or centralized administration such as base station or access points. Nodes in a MANETs operate both as host as well as routers to forward packets for each other in a multihop fashion. For many applications in wireless networks, multicasting is an important and frequent communication service. By multicasting, since a single message can be delivered to multiple receivers simultaneously. It greatly reduces the transmission cost when sending the same packet to multiple recipients. The security issue of MANETs in group communications is even more challenging because of involvement of multiple senders and multiple receivers. At that time of multicasting, mobile ad hoc network are unprotected by the attacks of malicious nodes because of vulnerabilities of routing protocols. Some of the attacks are Rushing attack, Blackhole attack, Sybil attack, Neighbor attack and Jellyfish attack. This paper is based on Rushing attack. In Rushing attack, the attacker exploits the duplicate suppression mechanism by quickly forwarding route discovery packets in order to gain access to the forwarding group and this will affect the Average Attack Success Rate. In this paper, the goal is to measure the impact of Rushing attack and their node positions which affect the performance metrics of Average Attack Success Rate with respect to three scenarios: near sender, near receiver and anywhere within the network. The performance of the Attack Success Rate with respect to above three scenarios is also compared.
description: 7 Pages IEEE format, International Journal of Computer Science and Information Security, IJCSIS 2009, ISSN 1947 5500, Impact Factor 0.423, http://sites.google.com/site/ijcsis/
Additional file 2 of Psychometric properties of the Malay version Women’s Views of Birth Postnatal Satisfaction Questionnaire using the Rasch measurement model: a cross-sectional study
Creators: name: Norhayati, Mohd Noor
name: Fatin Imtithal, Adnan
name: Nor Akma, Yunus
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2.
Human foot form and function: supplementary materials from Human foot form and function: variable and versatile, yet sufficiently related to predict function from form
Creators: name: Schuster, Robert W.
name: Cresswell, Andrew G.
name: Kelly, Luke A.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 310112
subject: Structural biology (incl. macromolecular modelling)
classificationCode: 320203
subject: Clinical microbiology

description: These supplementary materials contain more detailed descriptions of the methods, as well as detailed presentations of the results.
Dynamical density functional theory for molecular and colloidal fluids: a microscopic approach to fluid mechanics
Creators: name: Archer, A. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In recent years, a number of dynamical density functional theories (DDFTs) have been developed for describing the dynamics of the one-body density of both colloidal and atomic fluids. In the colloidal case, the particles are assumed to have stochastic equations of motion and theories exist for both the case when the particle motion is over-damped and also in the regime where inertial effects are relevant. In this paper we extend the theory and explore the connections between the microscopic DDFT and the equations of motion from continuum fluid mechanics. In particular, starting from the Kramers equation which governs the dynamics of the phase space probability distribution function for the system, we show that one may obtain an approximate DDFT that is a generalisation of the Euler equation. This DDFT is capable of describing the dynamics of the fluid density profile down to the scale of the individual particles. As with previous DDFTs, the dynamical equations require as input the Helmholtz free energy functional from equilibrium density functional theory (DFT). For an equilibrium system, the theory predicts the same fluid one-body density profile as one would obtain from DFT. Making further approximations, we show that the theory may be used to obtain the mode coupling theory that is widely used for describing the transition from a liquid to a glassy state.
description: 11 pages, accepted for publication in J. Chem. Phys
Measurement of diffusion thermopower in the quantum Hall systems
Creators: name: Fujita, K.
name: Endo, A.
name: Katsumoto, S.
name: Iye, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have measured diffusion thermopower in a two-dimensional electron gas at low temperature ($T$=40 mK) in the field range 0 $
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, EP2DS-18
Stochastic Constraint Programming
Creators: name: Walsh, Toby
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.4

description: To model combinatorial decision problems involving uncertainty and probability, we introduce stochastic constraint programming. Stochastic constraint programs contain both decision variables (which we can set) and stochastic variables (which follow a probability distribution). They combine together the best features of traditional constraint satisfaction, stochastic integer programming, and stochastic satisfiability. We give a semantics for stochastic constraint programs, and propose a number of complete algorithms and approximation procedures. Finally, we discuss a number of extensions of stochastic constraint programming to relax various assumptions like the independence between stochastic variables, and compare with other approaches for decision making under uncertainty.
description: Proceedings of the 15th Eureopean Conference on Artificial Intelligence
Low-Scale Gauge Mediation and Composite Messenger Dark Matter
Creators: name: Hamaguchi, Koichi
name: Nakamura, Eita
name: Shirai, Satoshi
name: Yanagida, Tsutomu T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In recent works, we have proposed a possible dark matter in composite messenger gauge mediation models. In this paper, we discuss the details of a composite messenger model taking a possible supersymmetry breaking scenario and show that the correct dark matter abundance and a successful gauge mediation can be realized.
description: 18 pages, 3 figures
Phasic left atrial strain to predict worsening of diastolic function: Results from the prospective Berlin Female Risk Evaluation follow-up trial
Creators: name: Brand, Anna
name: Romero Dorta, Elena
name: Wolf, Adrian
name: Blaschke-Waluga, Daniela
name: Seeland, Ute
name: Crayen, Claudia
name: Bischoff, Sven
name: Mattig, Isabel
name: Dreger, Henryk
name: Stangl, Karl
name: Regitz-Zagrosek, Vera
name: Landmesser, Ulf
name: Knebel, Fabian
name: Stangl, Verena
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: left atrial strain
subject: diastolic dysfunction
subject: left atrium
subject: LAVI
subject: BEFRI
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Purpose: The predictive value of maximum left atrial volume index (LAVI), phasic left atrial strain (LAS) and other standard echocardiographic parameters assessing left ventricular (LV) diastolic function to discriminate a future worsening of diastolic function (DD) in patients at risk is unclear. We aimed to prospectively assess and compare the clinical impact of these parameters in a randomly selected study sample of the general urban female population. Methods and results: A comprehensive clinical and echocardiographic evaluation was performed in 256 participants of the Berlin Female Risk Evaluation (BEFRI) trial after a mean follow up time of 6.8 years. After an assessment of participants’ current DD status, the predictive impact of an impaired LAS on the course of DD was assessed and compared with LAVI and other DD parameters using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and multivariate logistic regression analyses. Subjects with no DD (DD0) who showed a decline of diastolic function by the time of follow-up showed a reduced LA reservoir (LASr) and conduit strain (LAScd) compared to subjects who remained in the healthy range (LASr 28.0% ± 7.0 vs. 41.9% ± 8.5; LAScd −13.2% ± 5.1 vs. −25.4% ± 9.1; p < 0.001). With an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.88 (95%CI 0.82–0.94) and 0.84 (95%CI 0.79–0.89), LASr and LAScd exhibited the highest discriminative value in predicting worsening of diastolic function, whereas LAVI was only of limited prognostic value [AUC 0.63 (95%CI 0.54–0.73)]. In logistic regression analyses, LAS remained a significant predictor for a decline of diastolic function after controlling for clinical and standard echocardiographic DD parameters, indicating its incremental predictive value. Conclusion: The analysis of phasic LAS may be useful to predict worsening of LV diastolic function in DD0 patients at risk for a future DD development. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Nematic Valley Ordering in Quantum Hall Systems
Creators: name: Abanin, D. A.
name: Parameswaran, S. A.
name: Kivelson, S. A.
name: Sondhi, S. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The interplay between quantum Hall ordering and spontaneously broken "internal" symmetries in two-dimensional electron systems with spin or pseudospin degrees of freedom gives rise to a variety of interesting phenomena, including novel phases, phase transitions, and topological excitations. Here we develop a theory of broken-symmetry quantum Hall states, applicable to a class of multi-valley systems, where the symmetry at issue is a point group element that combines a spatial rotation with a permutation of valley indices. The anisotropy of the dispersion relation, generally present in such systems, favors states where all electrons reside in one of the valleys. In a clean system, the valley "pseudo-spin" ordering, or spatial nematic ordering, occurs via a finite temperature transition. In weakly disordered systems, domains of pseudo-spin polarization are formed, which prevents macroscopic valley and nematic ordering; however, the resulting state still asymptotically exhibits the QHE. We discuss the transport properties in the ordered and disordered regimes, and the relation of our results to recent experiments in AlAs.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures
Knowledge graph enhanced retrieval-augmented generation for failure mode and effects analysis
Creators: name: Bahr, Lukas
name: Wehner, Christoph
name: Wewerka, Judith
name: Bittencourt, José
name: Schmid, Ute
name: Daub, Rüdiger
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA) is an essential tool for mitigating potential failures, particularly during the ramp-up phases of new products. However, its effectiveness is often limited by the reasoning capabilities of the FMEA tools, which are usually tabular structured. Meanwhile, large language models (LLMs) offer novel prospects for advanced natural language processing tasks. However, LLMs face challenges in tasks that require factual knowledge, a gap that retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) approaches aim to fill. RAG retrieves information from a non-parametric data store and uses a language model to generate responses. Building on this concept, we propose to enhance the non-parametric data store with a knowledge graph (KG). By integrating a KG into the RAG framework, we aim to leverage analytical and semantic question-answering capabilities for FMEA data. This paper contributes by presenting set-theoretic standardization and a schema for FMEA data, an algorithm for creating vector embeddings from the FMEA-KG, and a KG-enhanced RAG framework. Our approach is validated through a user experience design study, and we measure the precision and performance of the context retrieval recall.
Analyzing the Boer-Mulders function within different quark models
Creators: name: Courtoy, A.
name: Scopetta, S.
name: Vento, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A general formalism for the evaluation of time reversal odd parton distributions is applied here to calculate the Boer-Mulders function. The same formalism when applied to evaluate the Sivers function led to results which fulfill the Burkardt sum rule quite well. The calculation here has been performed for two different models of proton structure: a constituent quark model and the MIT bag model. In the latter case, important differences are found with respect to a previous evaluation in the same framework, a feature already encountered in the calculation of the Sivers function. The results obtained are consistent with the present wisdom, i.e., the contributions for the $u$ and $d$ flavors turn out to have the same sign, following the pattern suggested analyzing the model independent features of the impact parameter dependent generalized parton distributions. It is therefore confirmed that the present approach is suitable for the analysis of time reversal odd distribution functions. A critical comparison between the outcomes of the two models, as well as between the results of the calculations for the Sivers and Boer-Mulders functions, is also carried out.
description: 26 pages, 5 figures. References added. Final version accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D
The HACE1 E3 ligase mediates RAC1-dependent control of mTOR signaling complexes and HIF1α accumulation
Creators: name: Turgu, Busra
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2024

description: HACE1 (HECT domain and ankyrin repeat-containing E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase) is a member of the HECT E3 ligase family which is attributed with broad tumor suppressor activity, yet its precise mechanisms remain incompletely understood. Rac-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (RAC1) is the most known target of E3 ligase HACE1. Anti-tumorigenic effect of HACE1 is potentially attributed to targeting RAC1 for degradation, which in turn modulate major pro-oncogenic signaling pathways critical for the tumorigenic processes. My thesis focuses on discovering how HACE1 elicits its anti-tumorigenic effects through RAC1-dependent regulation of pro-oncogenic signaling pathways. My main project unveils a novel association between HACE1 and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling complexes, shedding light on its role in controlling mTOR activity. HACE1 exerts its inhibitory effects on mTORC1 and mTORC2 by promoting ubiquitin-mediated degradation of mTOR in an E3 ligase-dependent manner. Mechanistically, HACE1 binds to and ubiquitinates RAC1 when it is associated with mTOR complexes which leads to proteasomal degradation. This in turn decreases stability of mTOR and reduces mTORC1 and mTORC2 activity. In vivo, Rac1 deletion reverses enhanced mTOR expression in KRasᴳ¹²ᴰ-driven lung tumors of Hace1⁻⧸⁻ mice. Together, our data demonstrates that HACE1 destabilizes mTOR by targeting RAC1 within mTOR-associated complexes. In addition to the mTOR- HACE1 link, I further elucidated the tumor-suppressive capabilities of HACE1 by exploring its role in the context of microenvironmental stress, a key factor in cancer progression. I established a link between HACE1 and hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF1α), a critical stress factor in tumorigenesis through RAC1. An inverse relationship was observed between HACE1 and HIF1α levels in tumors compared to patient-matched normal kidney tissues, highlighting the potential pathophysiological significance of our findings. Together, our data uncover a previously unrecognized function for the HACE1 tumor suppressor in blocking HIF1α accumulation under hypoxia in a RAC1-dependent manner. Collectively, these projects contribute to our understanding of HACE1's role by uncovering a previously unrecognized link between HACE1, its key E3 ligase target RAC1, and oncogenic mTOR and HIF1α signaling, revealing a new ubiquitin-dependent molecular mechanism to control their activity.
Cooperative Target Capture using Voronoi Region Shaping
Creators: name: Kumar, Gautam
name: Ratnoo, Ashwini
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper discusses a cooperative strategy for capturing a target using multiple pursuers in a planar scenario. Given an initial position distribution of pursuers, the Voronoi Diagram is employed to characterize the target's proximity region. The key idea is to dynamically shape that region using a policy that directs its vertices towards its instantaneous centroid. Analysis of the resulting dynamics deduces the velocity control inputs for the pursuers. As the main result, target's proximity region is shown to shrink exponentially irrespective of its speed and evasion policy. Simulation results demonstrate the characteristics of the proposed method.