cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Oregon and global insurgency : Punjabis of the Columbia River Basin
Creators: name: Ogden, Johanna
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This essay explores the often overlooked but critical role of Punjabi laborers of Oregon in forming the radical Indian nationalist Ghadar Party in 1913. It addresses the international, national, and local forces behind the Punjabis’ migration to the state and the particular conditions they encountered once there. Framed by a series of post-9/l 1 concerns about the targeting of Arabs, Muslims, and South Asians, this inquiry explores not only the historical and social constructions of “us” and “them,” citizen and non-citizen, but the experience of Punjabi migrant laborers in remote Astoria, Oregon, where hardened racial and national lines were seemingly loosened. The repercussions of this were, I argue, global in nature, signaling the trans-national and indeed trans-hemispheric constituents of processes and events typically thought of as local and isolated. At a fundamental level, then, this thesis seeks to join the micro and macro, the particular and the general, and by virtue of excavating a “case study,” argues for a reconfigured approach that sees local history and global history as indissoluble.
Projective non-Abelian Statistics of Dislocation Defects in a Z_N Rotor Model
Creators: name: You, Yi-Zhuang
name: Wen, Xiao-Gang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Non-Abelian statistics is a phenomenon of topologically protected non-Abelian Berry phases as we exchange quasiparticle excitations. In this paper, we construct a Z_N rotor model that realizes a self-dual Z_N Abelian gauge theory. We find that lattice dislocation defects in the model produce topologically protected degeneracy. Even though dislocations are not quasiparticle excitations, they resemble non-Abelian anyons with quantum dimension sqrt(N). Exchanging dislocations can produces topologically protected projective non-Abelian Berry phases. The dislocations, as projective non-Abelian anyons can be viewed as a generalization of the Majorana zero modes.
description: 4 pages + refs, 4 figures. RevTeX4
Spin-wave excitations in the ferromagnetic-metallic and in the charge, orbital and spin ordered states in Nd$_{1-x}$Sr$_{x}$MnO$_{3}$ with x$\approx$0.5
Creators: name: Ulbrich, H.
name: Krüger, F.
name: Nugroho, A. A.
name: Lamago, D.
name: Sidis, Y.
name: Braden, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Inelastic neutron scattering experiments have been performed on single crystals of Nd$_{1-x}$Sr$_{x}$MnO$_{3}$ with x$\approx$0.5. Colossal magnetoresistance (CMR) in the manganites arises from the interplay between a ferromagnetic metallic and antiferromagnetic charge and orbital ordered insulating state. Therefore, it appears important to compare these phases concerning their underlying magnetic interaction parameters. Our investigations of the spin-wave disperion in the AFM ordered state of Nd$_{0.5}$Sr$_{0.5}$MnO$_{3}$ exhibits a strongly anisotropic stiffness. The sign of the anisotropy is characteristic for the site-centered model for charge and orbital ordering in half-doped manganites. Within this model, linear spin-wave theory yields a perfect description of the experimental dispersion. Furthermore, magnetic excitations in the ferromagnetic metallic state of Nd$_{1-x}$Sr$_{x}$MnO$_{3}$ with x=0.49 and x=0.50 exhibit nearly the same magnon dispersion which can be described with a Heisenberg model including nearest-neighbor interactions.
Patents and intellectual property assets as non-fungible tokens: key technologies and challenges
Creators: name: Bamakan, Seyed Mojtaba Hosseini
name: Nezhadsistani, Nasim
name: Bodaghi, Omid
name: Qu, Qiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Finance (q-fin.GN)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: With the explosive development of decentralized finance, we witness a phenomenal growth in tokenization of all kinds of assets, including equity, funds, debt, and real estate. By taking advantage of blockchain technology, digital assets are broadly grouped into fungible and non-fungible tokens (NFT). Here non-fungible tokens refer to those with unique and non-substitutable properties. NFT has widely attracted attention, and its protocols, standards, and applications are developing exponentially. It has been successfully applied to digital fantasy artwork, games, collectibles, etc. However, there is a lack of research in utilizing NFT in issues such as Intellectual Property. Applying for a patent and trademark is not only a time-consuming and lengthy process but also costly. NFT has considerable potential in the intellectual property domain. It can promote transparency and liquidity and open the market to innovators who aim to commercialize their inventions efficiently. The main objective of this paper is to examine the requirements of presenting intellectual property assets, specifically patents, as NFTs. Hence, we offer a layered conceptual NFT-based patent framework. Furthermore, a series of open challenges about NFT-based patents and the possible future directions are highlighted. The proposed framework provides fundamental elements and guidance for businesses in taking advantage of NFTs in real-world problems such as grant patents, funding, biotechnology, and so forth.
Effect of salinity on the interfacial tension of model and crude oil systems
Creators: name: Kumar, Bikky
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Engineering--Chemical
subject: Engineering--Petroleum
subject: Interfacial Tension
subject: Surfactants
subject: Petroleum Exploration

description: It has been observed that the interfacial tension of a hydrocarbon versus water increases with the concentration of salt in the aqueous phase; but when a small amount of surfactant is present in the solution, the interfacial tension decreases with salinity. Crude oil consists of tens of thousands of unknown components, of which many are surface active. It is found in combination with reservoir water, which varies from place to place. The interfacial tension, or IFT, of crude oil is thus a complex function of salinity and surfactant concentration. The objective of this thesis is to study the effects of salinity on the interfacial tension of crude oil. To complete this study, the following data has been measured using a drop shape analyzer at ambient conditions: . IFT of pure hydrocarbons, mixtures of pure hydrocarbons, three crude oils of varying density, and a bitumen versus aqueous phases of different salinity. The pure hydrocarbons chosen are toluene, n-heptane, 50 vol. % mixture of n-heptane and toluene (heptol50), and cyclohexane. Salt solutions are sodium chloride, calcium chloride, and sodium sulphate. Salinities were varied between 0 and 15 wt% in water. . IFT for the same above solutions(except crude oil) with the addition of different surface active materials including sodium dodecylsulphate, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, a nonylphenol ethoxylate, Triton X-100, 5β-cholanic acid, and asphaltenes. A model was developed to fit or predict the salinity, solvent, and surfactant concentration for the different mixtures involving pure hydrocarbons. It was observed that a simple model, similar to Gibbs-Langmuir isotherm, was found adequate to fit the data for different surfactants. As expected, the behaviour of ionic surfactants was different from the non-ionic ones. The addition of salt in the solution containing surface active agents altered the distribution of surfactants at the interface due to electrostatic effects and consequently altered the interfacial tension. Such effects were absent in the case of non-ionic surfactants, and was verified experimentally for two non-ionic surfactants. The results of naphthenic acids and asphaltenes, which are naturally occurring surface active materials found in crude oil, showed that that salinity has a weak effect on the interfacial tension of hydrocarbons versus brine containing these components. The trends of IFT observed for asphaltenes was also seen for crude oil/water system.
In vitro anticancer activity of Scrophularia amplexicaulis extracts on MCF-7 and WEHI-164 cell line
Creators: name: Valiyari, Samira
name: Beiranvand, Elham
name: Samimi, Azin
name: Yaripour, Saeid
name: Baradaran, Behzad
name: Delazar, Abbas
name: Forouzesh, Mehdi
Publisher: name: IfADo - Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Dortmund
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Scrophularia amplexicaulis
subject: Anticancer
subject: Cytotoxicity
subject: Apoptosis
subject: 610

description: Scrophularia amplexicaulis is an Iranian endemic plant belonging to the Scrophulariaceae family, which is used in traditional medicine to treat many diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro anticancer activity of S. amplexicaulis extracts against human breast carcinoma (MCF-7) and mouse fibrosarcoma (WEHI-164) cell lines. The ground aerial parts of S. amplexicaulis were soxhlet-extracted with n-hexane, dichloromethane and methanol. MTT assay exhibited that dichloromethane and methanol extracts remarkably inhibited the growth of MCF-7 and WEHI-164 cancer cells in a dose-and time-dependent manner with little cytotoxicity on normal cell line HUVEC. Cell death ELISA, TUNEL assay, and the cleavage of poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) uncovered that the cytotoxic effects of dichloromethane and methanol extracts were attributed to apoptosis in cancerous cells. Furthermore, quantitative real-time PCR revealed significant increases in the mRNA expression levels of p-53, caspase-3, caspase-9, Bax, and also a decrease in Bcl-2 expression. These results suggested that the extracts mainly induced apoptosis via a mitochondria-mediated intrinsic pathway. Notably, dichloromethane extract had higher cytotoxic and apoptotic activities than that of methanol extract, against both cancer cell lines, particularly MCF-7 cells. Our results indicate that S. amplexicaulis may serve as a promising source of potent agents for the treatment of human cancers.
description: EXCLI Journal;Vol. 19. 2020, pp.1341-1352
A Geometrical Explanation of Stein Shrinkage
Creators: name: Brown, Lawrence D.
name: Zhao, Linda H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Shrinkage estimation has become a basic tool in the analysis of high-dimensional data. Historically and conceptually a key development toward this was the discovery of the inadmissibility of the usual estimator of a multivariate normal mean. This article develops a geometrical explanation for this inadmissibility. By exploiting the spherical symmetry of the problem it is possible to effectively conceptualize the multidimensional setting in a two-dimensional framework that can be easily plotted and geometrically analyzed. We begin with the heuristic explanation for inadmissibility that was given by Stein [In Proceedings of the Third Berkeley Symposium on Mathematical Statistics and Probability, 1954--1955, Vol. I (1956) 197--206, Univ. California Press]. Some geometric figures are included to make this reasoning more tangible. It is also explained why Stein's argument falls short of yielding a proof of inadmissibility, even when the dimension, $p$, is much larger than $p=3$. We then extend the geometric idea to yield increasingly persuasive arguments for inadmissibility when $p\geq3$, albeit at the cost of increased geometric and computational detail.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/11-STS382 the Statistical Science (http://www.imstat.org/sts/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Catalytic reactor for operando spatially resolved structure–activity profiling using high‐energy X‐ray diffraction
Creators: name: Wollak, Birte
name: Espinoza, Diego
name: Dippel, Ann-Christin
name: Sturm, Marina
name: Vrljic, Filip
name: Gutowski, Olof
name: Nielsen, Ida G.
name: Sheppard, Thomas
name: Korup, Oliver
name: Horn, Raimund
Publisher: name: International Union of Crystallography
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: heterogeneous catalysis
subject: operando profile measurements
subject: structure–activity relationships
subject: catalytic reactors
classificationCode: 660
subject: Chemical engineering
subject: FOS: Chemical engineering
classificationCode: 600
subject: Technology

description: In heterogeneous catalysis, operando measurements probe catalysts in their active state and are essential for revealing complex catalyst structure–activity relationships. The development of appropriate operando sample environments for spatially resolved studies has come strongly into focus in recent years, particularly when coupled to the powerful and multimodal characterization tools available at synchrotron light sources. However, most catalysis studies at synchrotron facilities only measure structural information about the catalyst in a spatially resolved manner, whereas gas analysis is restricted to the reactor outlet. Here, a fully automated and integrated catalytic profile reactor setup is shown for the combined measurement of temperature, gas composition and high-energy X-ray diffraction (XRD) profiles, using the oxidative de­hydrogenation of C2H6 to C2H4 over MoO3/γ-Al2O3 as a test system. The profile reactor methodology was previously developed for X-ray absorption spectroscopy and is here extended for operando XRD. The profile reactor is a versatile and accessible research tool for combined spatially resolved structure–activity profiling, enabling the use of multiple synchrotron-based characterization methods to promote a knowledge-based optimization of a wide range of catalytic systems in a time- and resource-efficient way.
Cytoprotective effects of fermented oyster extracts against oxidative stress-induced DNA damage and apoptosis through activation of the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway in MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts
Creators: name: Park, Cheol
name: Lee, Hyesook
name: Han, Min Ho
name: Jeong, Jin-Woo
name: Kim, Sung Ok
name: Jeong, Soon-Jeong
name: Lee, Bae‐Jin
name: Kim, Gi‐Young
name: Park, Eui Kyun
name: Jeon, You‐Jin
name: Choi, Yung Hyun
Publisher: name: IfADo - Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Dortmund
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fermented oyster extract
subject: ROS
subject: DNA damage
subject: Apoptosis
subject: Nrf2/HO-1
subject: 610

description: Osteoblast damage by oxidative stress has been recognized as a cause of bone-related disease, including osteoporosis. Recently, we reported that fermented Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) extracts (FO) inhibited osteoclastogenesis and osteoporosis, while promoting osteogenesis. However, since the beneficial potential of FO on osteoblasts is not well known, in the present study, we investigated the cytoprotective effect of FO against oxidative stress in MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts. Our results demonstrated that FO inhibited hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced DNA damage and cytotoxicity through the rescue of mitochondrial function by blocking abnormal ROS accumulation. FO also prevented apoptosis by suppressing loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and cytosolic release of cytochrome c, decreasing the rate of Bax/Bcl-2 expression and reducing the activity of caspase-9 and caspase-3 in H2O2-stimulated MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts, suggesting that FO protected MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts from the induction of caspase dependent- and mitochondria-mediated apoptosis by oxidative stress. In addition, FO markedly promoted the activation of nuclear factor-erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), which was associated with the enhanced expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). However, inhibiting the expression of HO-1 by artificially blocking the expression of Nrf2 using siRNA significantly eliminated the protective effect of FO, indicating that FO activates the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway in MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts to protect against oxidative stress. Based on the present data, FO is thought to be useful as a potential therapeutic agent for the inhibition of oxidative stress in osteoblasts.
description: EXCLI Journal;Vol. 19 2020
Thermohaline instability and rotation-induced mixing II- Yields of 3He for low- and intermediate-mass stars
Creators: name: Lagarde, N.
name: Charbonnel, C.
name: Decressin, T.
name: Hagelberg, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. The 3He content of Galactic HII regions is very close to that of the Sun and the solar system, and only slightly higher than the primordial 3He abundance as predicted by the standard Big Bang nucleosynthesis. However, the classical theory of stellar evolution predicts a high production of 3He by low-mass stars, implying a strong increase of 3He with time in the Galaxy. This is the well-known "3He problem". Aims. We study the effects of thermohaline and rotation-induced mixings on the production and destruction of 3He over the lifetime of low- and intermediate-mass stars at various metallicities. Methods. We compute stellar evolutionary models in the mass range 1 to 6M\odot for four metallicities, taking into account thermohaline instability and rotation-induced mixing. For the thermohaline diffusivity we use the prescription based on the linear stability analysis, which reproduces Red Giant Branch (RGB) abundance patterns at all metallicities. Rotation-induced mixing is treated taking into account meridional circulation and shear turbulence. We discuss the effects of these processes on internal and surface abundances of 3He and on the net yields. Results. Over the whole mass and metallicity range investigated, rotation-induced mixing lowers the 3He production, as well as the upper mass limit at which stars destroy 3He. For low-mass stars, thermohaline mixing occuring beyond the RGB bump is the dominant process in strongly reducing the net 3He yield compared to standard computations. Yet these stars remain net 3He producers. Conclusions. Overall, the net 3He yields are strongly reduced compared to the standard framework predictions.
Unremembered Soundscapes: Musical Images of Iran
Creators: name: Nader Esfahani, Ali
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Music
subject: Contemporary classical music
subject: Chamber music
subject: Interactive electronics
subject: Soundscape studies
subject: Musical harmony
subject: Computer-assisted composition

description: Unremembered Soundscapes, is focused on the development of advanced techniques in composition and sound design applied to traditional Iranian musical material, soundscapes and sound objects. I am curious to see if a new musical language can be created that transforms ancient musical materials through the use of current Western performance practice and digital technologies. This is explored in the context of a large multi-movement work for violin, bass clarinet and piano, along with live and prerecorded electroacoustic music. The piece is in five connected movements, each based on one of the traditional Iranian professions. The first movement, “a tapestry of glass”, is based on the Persian art of carpet weaving. Sounds such as those of the warps and wefts, scissoring, or combing, serve as the sound material for the electroacoustic part, whereas the graphical design of the carpet inspires the macro and micro musical structures. “A curl in ink” reflects on the Persian art of calligraphy. In this movement one can hear seagulls and other creatures that seem to be hidden in the sound of a bamboo pen on a glossy paper. The third movement, “a fluff of smile”, draws upon sounds involved in the old Iranian professions of cotton-fluffing and felting such as the resonant sound of the bow-shaped fluffing tool. The sounds in “a breath of tea” come from the soundscapes of traditional Iranian teahouses, like the sound of the samovar, the bubbling hookah, and the small glass teacup and saucer. Finally, “dust of aged hands” makes use of the sounds of etching and coppersmithing that were recorded in an aged bazaar in Isfahan. In concert, along with the musicians on stage, the computer performer triggers sonic material and controls parameters of audio processing in real-time. Physical gestures and motions are tracked by a motion capture device and mapped to sound processing parameters in the Max software on the computer.
Exploring the psychosocial needs of persons with lower extremity amputation and feasibility of internet cognitive behavioural therapy: a qualitative study
Creators: name: Mayo, Amanda L.
name: Fung, Vera
name: Hitzig, Sander L.
name: Gould, Sarah
name: Posa, Stephanie
name: deLuca, Leslie Summers
name: Kayssi, Ahmed
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Science Policy
Mental Health

description: Following major lower extremity amputation (LEA), patients experience significant emotional distress and are at risk for anxiety and depression. There is a lack of mental health supports for this population, and internet-based cognitive behavioural therapy (iCBT) may be a useful resource to meet this need. The purpose of this study was to use a qualitative approach to explore the mental health needs of LEA patients and to gauge their attitudes of the use of iCBT to help them cope with their amputation. Semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted with inpatients and outpatients with LEA recruited from a major urban rehabilitation hospital. Data were analysed using inductive codebook thematic analysis (TA). Ten interviews were completed with individuals with LEA. The main themes identified were: (1) Fixating on the past; (2) Worry about the future; (3) Unmet mental health needs; (4) Barriers to Mental Health Support; (5) Importance of peer support; and (6) Tailoring iCBT. Our findings highlight that patients with LEA are open to learning more about iCBT to meet their mental health needs. Key iCBT implementation considerations include taking into account issues of stigma associated with mental health, timing of delivery, levels of digital literacy, online security, and interactive content.IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATIONFollowing lower extremity amputation (LEA), people experience significant emotional distress and are at risk for the development of anxiety and/or depression.Patients with LEA are receptive to an online mental health resource (i.e., internet-based cognitive behavioural therapy [iCBT]) but it needs to be tailored to meet the various mental health needs and digital literacy of the LEA population.The use of an implementation science approach can help identify factors related to the development and potential uptake of an iCBT for patients with LEA. Following lower extremity amputation (LEA), people experience significant emotional distress and are at risk for the development of anxiety and/or depression. Patients with LEA are receptive to an online mental health resource (i.e., internet-based cognitive behavioural therapy [iCBT]) but it needs to be tailored to meet the various mental health needs and digital literacy of the LEA population. The use of an implementation science approach can help identify factors related to the development and potential uptake of an iCBT for patients with LEA.
Integrating Indigenous Knowledge to Sustainable Development: Philosophical Reflection on the Roles of Higher Education in Ethiopia
Creators: name: Berento, Eyasu
Publisher: name: Abyssinia Journal of Business and Social Sciences
Year: 2019

description: Indigenous Knowledge (IK) is the accumulative wisdom of the people by which social problems are solved, mysteries and riddles of nature are revealed, social interactions and relations are handled and meaning of life is explained. There are exemplary IKSs in Ethiopia that can play prominent roles in enhancing just social order, environmental protection, humanity, public rationality and sustainable development. Lessons can be taken from classical Ethiopian Philosophy texts, folk wisdoms e.g., Gadaa System, Konso Terracing, Rayan Traditional Park (Sera), traditional litigation and arbitration, Ge’ez Qine and the like. Though IKSs can play essential roles for solving local and global problem, the pedagogy and curricula of HE in Ethiopia which is predominantly Western, gives little or no attention to IKSs and most scholars overlooked these exemplary wisdoms. As a response to this problem, this article is a philosophical reflection on the philosophy of HE in Ethiopia using qualitative research method. The general objective is to call for attention of scholars and policy makers to entertain IKSs to solve pressing human problems in Ethiopia. It is argued that HE in Ethiopia should be a hermeneutic and an intercultural enterprise where learners and educators actively take part in the amalgamation of IK with modern science and technology to produce knowledge that can play a quintessential role for contemporary global and local problems. Scholars are recommended to dig out exemplary IKSs in the cultural alcoves of Ethiopia for the flourishment of human wisdom; and policy makers should consult the findings of scholars.
description: Abyssinia Journal of Business and Social Sciences, 2019: Vol. 4 No. 2
Two Earth-sized planets orbiting Kepler-20
Creators: name: Fressin, Francois
name: Torres, Guillermo
name: Rowe, Jason F.
name: Charbonneau, David
name: Rogers, Leslie A.
name: Ballard, Sarah
name: Batalha, Natalie M.
name: Borucki, William J.
name: Bryson, Stephen T.
name: Buchhave, Lars A.
name: Ciardi, David R.
name: Desert, Jean-Michel
name: Dressing, Courtney D.
name: Fabrycky, Daniel C.
name: Ford, Eric B.
name: Gautier, Thomas N.
name: Henze, Christopher E.
name: Holman, Matthew J.
name: Howard, Andrew W.
name: Howell, Steve B.
name: Jenkins, Jon M.
name: Koch, David G.
name: Latham, David W.
name: Lissauer, Jack J.
name: Marcy, Geoffrey W.
name: Quinn, Samuel N.
name: Ragozzine, Darin
name: Sasselov, Dimitar D.
name: Seager, Sara
name: Barclay, Thomas
name: Mullally, Fergal
name: Seader, Shawn E.
name: Still, Martin
name: Twicken, Joseph D.
name: Thompson, Susan E.
name: Uddin, Kamal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Since the discovery of the first extrasolar giant planets around Sun-like stars, evolving observational capabilities have brought us closer to the detection of true Earth analogues. The size of an exoplanet can be determined when it periodically passes in front of (transits) its parent star, causing a decrease in starlight proportional to its radius. The smallest exoplanet hitherto discovered has a radius 1.42 times that of the Earth's radius (R Earth), and hence has 2.9 times its volume. Here we report the discovery of two planets, one Earth-sized (1.03R Earth) and the other smaller than the Earth (0.87R Earth), orbiting the star Kepler-20, which is already known to host three other, larger, transiting planets. The gravitational pull of the new planets on the parent star is too small to measure with current instrumentation. We apply a statistical method to show that the likelihood of the planetary interpretation of the transit signals is more than three orders of magnitude larger than that of the alternative hypothesis that the signals result from an eclipsing binary star. Theoretical considerations imply that these planets are rocky, with a composition of iron and silicate. The outer planet could have developed a thick water vapour atmosphere.
description: Letter to Nature; Received 8 November; accepted 13 December 2011; Published online 20 December 2011
title: Why start-ups need boards: and why board members need to understand start-ups
Creators: name: Howard, Thomas J.
Publisher: name: Technical University of Denmark, DTU Entrepreneurship
Year: 2020

description: This DTU Board Education whitepaper describes the background research and scoping for the new board education programme. The insight drawn from the research described in this paper along with the value of the education was used to scope the course and to describe the content and aims to Danish professionals.
ҲУҚУҚБУЗАРЛИКЛАРНИНГ СОДИР ЭТИЛИШ САБАБЛАРИ ВА УЛАРГА ИМКОН БЕРАДИГАН ШАРТ ШАРОИТЛАРНИ БАРТАРАФ ЭТИШДА ПСИХОЛОГИЯНИ ЎРНИ
Creators: name: Тўрахўжаева, Раъно
name: Турсуналийева, Маҳлиё
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Бугунги кунда жиноятларни сабаб шараоитларни бартараф этишда психологияга мурожаат этилишини талаб этилмоқда. Жамият ривожланишининг хозирги босқичида, фанлар тизимида психология фани муҳим аҳамиятга эга. Академик Б.М. Кедровнинг фикрича - психология ўзлаштирилаётган гуманитар, аниқ ва махсус фанларнинг марказини ташкил этади (Б.М.Кедров, 1998).
When a baby is diagnosed at high risk of cerebral palsy: understanding and meeting parent need
Creators: name: Dickinson, Corrine
name: Sheffield, Jeanie
name: Mak, Catherine
name: Boyd, Roslyn N.
name: Whittingham, Koa
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biophysics
Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Medicine
Molecular Biology
Neuroscience
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Cancer
Mental Health

description: To explore the experiences and needs of parents with an infant diagnosed at risk of cerebral palsy (CP) and to receive feedback on a new online support program (Parenting Acceptance and Commitment Therapy; PACT). Eleven parents from eight family dyads (8 mothers, 3 fathers) with infants under 24 months of age (age range 10–24 months) recently diagnosed as at risk of CP as well as fourteen clinicians participated in this qualitative study through interviews. Parents reported conflicting emotions and grief. Further, they reported that they wanted honesty, support and normalisation of their experiences from clinicians. Parents pointed to a gap in service delivery in terms of non-pathologising psychological support specific to their needs. Clinicians reported a lack of skills in supporting distressed parents. Parent feedback on PACT was positive, with parents receptive to the online delivery. Parents want acceptance without pathologisation, honesty, and flexible support. Clinicians working with children at risk of CP need training in grief awareness and support for their own coping. Health services should consider building better parental support into their systems of care.IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATIONParents want clinicians to be honest, supportive and to normalise their griefClinicians in rehabilitation would benefit from up-skilling in grief supportParental support should be built into systems of care for children with cerebral palsy Parents want clinicians to be honest, supportive and to normalise their grief Clinicians in rehabilitation would benefit from up-skilling in grief support Parental support should be built into systems of care for children with cerebral palsy
Ultra High Performance Fibre Reinforced Concrete Spandrel Cladding Panels in Façade Applications
Creators: name: Pesta, David Thomas
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Engineering--Civil
subject: cladding
subject: UHPRFC
subject: GFRP
subject: Fatigue
subject: load test
subject: analytical
subject: curtain wall

description: A novel spandrel cladding panel design using Ultra High Performance Fibre Reinforced Concrete (UHPFRC) with Glass Fibre Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) reinforcing bars are load tested and compared to analytical calculations and the results of an elastic finite element analysis. Five panels are load tested, three subjected to static load testing, and two subjected to fatigue load testing. The deflection of the panels under serviceability wind pressure load testing agreed well with the calculated values, in most cases deflecting less than the design limit. The failure strength of the panels was shown to be as much as four times higher than calculated. Results of the fatigue testing concluded that the panels were unaffected by cyclic loading at the simulated wind loading levels.
Flow characteristics of gas-blast fuel injectors for direct-injection compression-ignition engines
Creators: name: Birger, Nicholas Joseph
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Natural gas has a high auto-ignition temperature, therefore natural gas engines use an ignition source to promote combustion. The high-pressure direction-injection (HPDI) systems available use small diesel injections prior to the main gas injection. A new series of HPDI injectors have been developed that inject diesel and gas simultaneously through the same holes. In order to understand and control injection and combustion behavior in an engine, it is essential to understand how injection mass is related to the diesel/gas ratio and injection command parameters. Three prototype injectors are examined. “Prototype B” most closely resembles a standard J36 HPDI injector, but has a modified diesel needle that injects diesel internally into a common diesel/gas reservoir. Prototypes “CS & CSX” have the diesel needle eliminated and replaced with a flow restrictor. The pressure difference between the diesel and the gas controls the quantity of diesel injected. A single pulse width (GPW) for the gas needle controls the fuel quantities. An injection visualization chamber (IVC) was developed for flow measurements and optical characterization of injections into a chamber at pressures up to 80 bar. Diesel and natural gas are replaced by VISCOR® and nitrogen to study non-reacting flows. A novel feature of the IVC is a retracting shroud that allows the injector to reach steady-state prior to imaging. For low commanded injection duration (GPW less than 0.60 ms), the relation between GPW and injected mass is non-linear, for all injectors tested. For gas pulse widths greater than 0.65 ms the Co-injectors exhibit approximately linear behavior with higher diesel fuelling quantities lowering gas flow quantities. All Co-injectors are compared to baseline gas flow quantities of a standard J36 to show design difference effects on flow quantities. The sensitivity of gas flow to diesel in injection quantities, as well as the discharge coefficient are computed and theoretically modeled for each prototype. Results suggest differing diesel/gas distributions, dependent on method of diesel introduction and actuator response. Imaging indicates the mechanical delay of the injectors is independent of chamber backpressure but dependent on fuel supply pressure. However, gas injection quantities are increased by higher chamber backpressure. Changes in the gas/liquid ratio are reflected in different jet image characteristics. These results are compared to theory using an AMESim model developed for an existing production injector.
Impersonal Passive in Mesqan: a South Ethio-Semitic Language Spoken in Ethiopia
Creators: name: Ousman Shafi
Publisher: name: Abyssinia Journal of Business and Social Sciences
Year: 2016

description: Mesqan is a South Ethio-Semitic language which is predominantly used in day-to-day communication by a population of about 179,737 people in the Gurage Zone, whose linguistic features were not well described. The central aim of this paper is to provide a comprehensive description and features of Impersonal constructions of the Mesqan language. The paper is descriptive in nature, since the study is mainly concerned with describing what is actually being in the language, and mainly relies on primary linguistic data. The linguistic data, i.e. the elicited grammatical data concerning Impersonal, was collected from native speakers of the language during 12 months of fieldwork conducted between 2011 and 2012 in four Mesqan villages and in Butajira, the administrative center of the Mesqan Woreda. The Impersonal marker in Mesqan for perfective verbs is the non-segmental feature labialization plus palatalization, i.e ʷ/ʸ, which yields the labialization of the rightmost labializable consonant in a root and palatalization of the last root consonant. In addition, the Impersonal verb has to be marked by a heavy object agreement marker, which is most commonly the 3SG.M object marker -y. The changes in consonants in Impersonal construction can be categorized into labials alveo-palatals and post-palatals consonants in which they will appear everywhere or in the final position of a verb stem.
description: Abyssinia Journal of Business and Social Sciences, Vol. 1 No. 1 (2016): Abyssinia Journal of Business and Social Sciences
A Stereodivergent Synthesis of the Anti-Inflammatory Agent BIRT-377. Approaches to the Synthesis of Gephyrotoxin
Creators: name: Johnson, Aaron
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Chemistry--Organic
subject: BIRT-377
subject: Gephyrotoxin
subject: Synthesis
subject: Enantioselective
subject: Stereodivergent

description: The potent anti-inflammatory agent, BIRT-377, contains an α-quaternary center in a hydantoin ring. Due to requirements for clinical testing on enantiopure compounds, the need for enantioselective routes to chiral compounds, such as BIRT-377, are highly sought. Enantioselective syntheses of compounds containing α-quaternary amine moieties are difficult because steric hinderance precludes the use of many standard synthetic procedures. Enzymatic desymmetrization of α,α-disubstituted malonic esters, followed by Curtius rearrangement, has been shown to provide access to α-quaternary amino acid derivatives, often with high enantiopurity. Thus, using this methodology a stereodivergent synthesis of BIRT-377 was accomplished, affording both enantiomers in high optical purity. Acetylenic sulfones have been employed in sequential conjugate addition and cyclization reactions in our group to synthesize various nitrogen-containing heterocycles. We attempted to extend this methodology to the synthesis of the alkaloid gephyrotoxin; however, we were unable to obtain a β-amino ester compound required for a key conjugate addition step.
First Stars. II. Evolution with mass loss
Creators: name: Bahena, David
name: Hadrava, Petr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The first stars are assumed to be predominantly massive. Although, due to the low initial abundances of heavy elements the line-driven stellar winds are supposed to be inefficient in the first stars, these stars may loose a significant amount of their initial mass by other mechanisms. In this work, we study the evolution with a prescribed mass loss rate of very massive, galactic and pregalactic, Population III stars, with initial metallicities $Z=10^{-6}$ and $Z=10^{-9}$, respectively, and initial masses 100, 120, 150, 200, and 250$\,M_{\odot}$ during the hydrogen and helium burning phases. The evolution of these stars depends on their initial mass, metallicity and the mass loss rate. Low metallicity stars are hotter, compact and luminous, and they are shifted to the blue upper part in the Hertzprung-Russell diagram. With mass loss these stars provide an efficient mixing of nucleosynthetic products, and depending on the He-core mass their final fate could be either pair-instability supernovae or energetic hypernovae. These stars contributed to the reionization of the universe and its enrichment with heavy elements, which influences the subsequent star formation properties.
description: Accepted for publication in Astrophysics & Space Science. 15 pages, 18 figures
Succinate-binding site of succinyl-CoA synthetase
Creators: name: Huang, Ji
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Succinate-binding site
subject: GTP-specific succinyl-CoA synthetase
subject: Crystal
subject: Structure

description: Succinyl-CoA synthetase (SCS) is an essential enzyme that catalyzes substrate-level phosphorylation in the citric acid cycle. In my study, the pig GTP-specific SCS (GTPSCS) was overproduced in E. coli BL21(DE3), and purified through three different columns: Ni-NTA affinity, Superdex-200 prep grade size exclusion and Hitrap Blue High Performance affinity. A crystal of GTPSCS in complex with coenzyme A (CoA) diffracted to 2.1 Å. The CoA-binding site was determined to be located in the N-terminal domain of the α-subunit of the enzyme. A crystal of GTPSCS in complex with Mg2+-succinate and CoA was grown in polyethylene glycol 3350, ammonium succinate and Hepes (pH 7.0) and diffracted to 2.2 Å. The succinate-binding site of GTPSCS was determined to be located in the C-terminal domain of the β-subunit of the enzyme. The discovery of the succinate-binding site of SCS supports the view that the succinyl phosphate complex can be formed during the catalytic reaction.
Equilibrium properties of realistic random heteropolymers and their relevance for globular and naturally unfolded proteins
Creators: name: Tiana, Guido
name: Sutto, Ludovico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Random heteropolymers do not display the typical equilibrium properties of globular proteins, but are the starting point to understand the physics of proteins and, in particular, to describe their non-native states. So far, they have been studied only with mean-field models in the thermodynamic limit, or with computer simulations of very small chains on lattice. After describing a self-adjusting parallel-tempering technique to sample efficiently the low-energy states of frustrated systems without the need of tuning the system-dependent parameters of the algorithm, we apply it to random heteropolymers moving in continuous space. We show that if the mean interaction between monomers is negative, the usual description through the random energy model is nearly correct, provided that it is extended to account for non-compact conformations. If the mean interaction is positive, such a simple description breaks out and the system behaves in a way more similar to Ising spin glasses. The former case is a model for the denatured state of glob- ular proteins, the latter of naturally-unfolded proteins, whose equilibrium properties thus result qualitatively different.
Points fattening on P^1 x P^1 and symbolic powers of bi-homogeneous ideals
Creators: name: Baczyńska, Magdalena
name: Dumnicki, Marcin
name: Habura, Agata
name: Malara, Grzegorz
name: Pokora, Piotr
name: Szemberg, Tomasz
name: Szpond, Justyna
name: Tutaj-Gasińska, Halszka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14C20, 14J26, 14N20, 13A15, 13F20

description: We study symbolic powers of bi-homogeneous ideals of points in the Cartesian product of two projective lines and extend to this setting results on the effect of points fattening obtained by Bocci, Chiantini and Dumnicki, Szemberg, Tutaj-Gasińska. We prove a Chudnovsky-type theorem for bi-homogeneous ideals and apply it to classification of configurations of points with minimal or no fattening effect. We hope that the ideas developed in this project will find further algebraic and geometric applications e.g. to study similar problems on arbitrary surfaces.
description: 12 pages, notes from a workshop on linear series held in Lanckorona
Serum-free Co-expansion of Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Chondrocytes as Aggregates in Suspension Bioreactors
Creators: name: Khurshid, Madiha
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Engineering--Biomedical
subject: Engineering--Chemical
subject: tissue engineering
subject: bioprocess development
subject: suspension bioreactors
subject: cell co-culture
subject: cell aggregates
subject: serum-free medium
subject: mesenchymal stem cells
subject: chondrocytes
subject: Bioprocess Engineering

description: Defects in articular cartilage can develop into osteoarthritis, a condition that affects 10% of Canadians. A clinical method of cartilage repair involves the implantation of articular chondrocytes (ACs) into the defect. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can also be used in this application, after differentiation into chondrocytes. It is difficult to expand either of these cell populations without decreasing the quality of cartilage tissues produced. However, the co-culture of ACs and MSCs can produce enhanced cartilage tissues in tissue culture flasks (T-flasks). The scale-up of this co-expansion under serum-free conditions is necessary for clinical translation. A serum-free medium (SFM) called PPRF-msc6 was shown to support cell co-expansion. Additionally, these cells were successfully co-expanded in scalable suspension bioreactors as three-dimensional aggregates, achieving cell densities of 95,000 cells/mL and producing more matrix than in T-flasks. Suspension bioreactors can co-expand ACs and MSCs as aggregates using SFM for potential utility in cartilage repair strategies.
Topological defect motifs in two-dimensional Coulomb clusters
Creators: name: Radzvilavičius, A.
name: Anisimovas, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The most energetically favourable arrangement of low-density electrons in an infinite two-dimensional plane is the ordered triangular Wigner lattice. However, in most instances of contemporary interest one deals instead with finite clusters of strongly interacting particles localized in potential traps, for example, in complex plasmas. In the current contribution we study distribution of topological defects in two-dimensional Coulomb clusters with parabolic lateral confinement. The minima hopping algorithm based on molecular dynamics is used to efficiently locate the ground- and low-energy metastable states, and their structure is analyzed by means of the Delaunay triangulation. The size, structure and distribution of geometry-induced lattice imperfections strongly depends on the system size and the energetic state. Besides isolated disclinations and dislocations, classification of defect motifs includes defect compounds --- grain boundaries, rosette defects, vacancies and interstitial particles. Proliferation of defects in metastable configurations destroys the orientational order of the Wigner lattice.
description: 14 pages, 8 figures. This is an author-created, un-copyedited version of an article accepted for publication in J. Phys.: Condens. Matter. IOP Publishing Ltd is not responsible for any errors or omissions in this version of the manuscript or any version derived from it. The definitive publisher-authenticated version is available online at 10.1088/0953-8984/23/38/385301
Rank Function Equations and their solution sets
Creators: name: Pokora, Piotr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We examine so-called rank function equations and their solutions consisting of non-nilpotent matrices. Secondly, we present some geometrical properties of the set of solutions to certain rank function equations in the nilpotent case.
description: 8 pages, all comments welcome !