cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Multiplex Efficiency Index: unveiling the Brazilian Air Transportation Multiplex Network -- BATMN
Creators: name: Oliveira, Izabela M.
name: Carpi, Laura C.
name: Atman, A. P. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Modern society is increasingly massively connected, reflecting an omnipresent tendency to organize social, economic, and technological structures in complex networks. Recently, with the advent of the so-called multiplex networks, new concepts and tools were necessary to better understand the characteristics of this type of system, as well as to analyze and quantify its performance and efficiency. The concept of diversity in multiplex networks is a striking example of this intrinsically interdisciplinary efort to better understand the nature of complex networks. In this work, we introduce the Multiplex Efficiency Index, which allows quantifying the temporal evolution of connectivity diversity, particularly when the number of layers of the multiplex network varies over time. Using data related to air passenger transportation in Brazil we investigate, through the new index, how the Brazilian air transportation network has being changing over the years due to the privatization processes of airports and mergers of airlines in Brazil. Besides that, we show how the Multiplex Efficiency Index is able to quantify fluctuations in network efficiency in a non-biased way, limiting its values between 0 and 1, taking into account the number of layers in the multiplex structure. We believe that the proposed index is of great value for the evaluation of the performance of any multiplex network, and to analyze, in a quantitative way, its temporal evolution independently of the variation in the number of layers.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures
無人機+DeepSeek：面向山地環境的智能搜救系統研究
Creators: name: 劉曉珺
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 470212
subject: Multicultural, intercultural and cross-cultural studies

description: 摘要：山地環境因地形複雜、氣候多變及通信限制，使搜救任務極具挑戰。傳統救援模式存在效率低、風險高等問題，難以快速有效執行任務。本研究提出結合無人機（UAV）與DeepSeek人工智慧模型之智能搜救系統，探索其在山地搜救中的應用潛力。系統由數據採集層、智能分析層、決策支持層與執行層構成，透過計算機視覺、深度學習及5G通信技術，實現高效的資料分析與實時搜救決策。研究指出，此系統能顯著提高搜救效率、降低救援人員風險，並克服極端環境限制。此外，本研究亦分析了系統實施過程中的技術挑戰，並提出多模態數據融合、輕量化AI模型及無人機自組網技術等優化策略。
關鍵詞：無人機；DeepSeek；智能搜救系統
أثر جائحة فايروس كورونا (COVID-19) على اتجاهات المرجعية الجزائرية في تدقيق القوائم المالية لسنة 2019
Creators: name: Dr Sid Ahmed Besbas
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 150199 Accounting, Auditing and Accountability not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: 150102 Auditing and Accountability
subject: 150105 Management Accounting
subject: 150101 Accounting Theory and Standards
subject: 150104 International Accounting
subject: 150107 Taxation Accounting
subject: 150103 Financial Accounting
subject: 150106 Sustainability Accounting and Reporting

description: أثر انتشار فايروس كورونا على المؤسسات الاقتصادية الجزائرية بشكل يهدّد استمراريتها، وينعكس على محتوى القوائم المالية التي ترتبط بها مهمة التدقيق، لهذا، عمدت الجهات المنظمة للمهنة إلى إصدار إرشادات للمهنيين في ظل الأوضاع السائدة. في هذا الإطار، تهدف هذه الورقة إلى استكشاف أثر جائحة فايروس كورونا على اتجاهات المرجعية الجزائرية في تدقيق القوائم المالية لسنة 2019، اعتمادا على تحليل قواعد ضبط المهنة الصادرة مواجهة للجائحة. وقد توصلنا إلى أن المرجعية الوطنية، التي تعتمد بشكل كبير وغير مباشر على إصدارات الإتحاد الدولي للمحاسبين، قامت بتوجيه المكلفين بإعداد القوائم المالية إلى تطوير الإفصاحات وعرض طرق التقييم التي تم التعامل بها مع هذه الظروف، وكذا ضمان الحد الأدنى من الإفصاحات التي تتعلق باستمرارية الاستغلال واستقلالية الدورات، للحد من مظاهر الشك وعدم اليقين، كما تشير النتائج إلى أن المعايير الجزائرية للتدقيق توفر إرشادات إضافية تمكّن محافظ الحسابات من الحصول على أكبر قدر من العناصر المقنعة حول صحة ومصداقية الإفصاحات في ظل انتشار الجائحة. · الكلمات المفتاح: فايروس كورونا؛ التدقيق المالي؛ معايير التدقيق الجزائرية؛ الإفصاح المحاسبي؛ المرجعية الجزائرية للتدقيق. · تصنيف JEL : M41 ؛ M42؛ M48
Apprenticeship Pay Survey, 2014
Apprenticeship Pay Survey, 2014-
Creators: name: IFF Research
Publisher: name: UK Data Service
Year: 2015

description: The Apprenticeship Pay Survey, 2014 was carried out by IFF Research on behalf of the Department for Business, Innovation and Skills (BIS) and involved 9,367 telephone interviews with apprentices in Great Britain. Apprenticeships are a structured programme of training, consisting of paid employment and learning, which give people the opportunity to work for an employer, learn on the job, build up knowledge and skills, and gain recognised qualifications within a specific occupation or trade. Apprenticeships are administered by the Skills Funding Agency (SFA) in England, Skills Development Scotland (SDS) in Scotland and the Welsh Government (WG) in Wales.

The National Minimum Wage is the minimum pay per hour almost all workers in the UK are entitled to by law. As well as separate minimum rates for those aged under 18, 18-20 and 21 or over, there is a distinct National Minimum Wage rate for apprentices aged 16 to 18 and those aged 19 or over who are in their first year of the Apprenticeship (all other apprentices are entitled to the National Minimum Wage for their age). At the time the survey was conducted The National Minimum Wage rate per hour for apprentices was £2.68 for those aged 16-18 or in the first year of their Apprenticeship, £5.03 for those in their second year or later and aged 19-20, and £6.31 for those in their second year or later and aged 21 and over.

The main aim of this survey was to provide an accurate and up-to-date picture of the pay of the apprentice population, both across Great Britain, and within England, Scotland and Wales, in order to assist with development and monitoring of Apprenticeship and National Minimum Wage policy. For example, evidence from the Apprenticeship Pay Survey contributes to the Low Pay Commission’s recommendations to Government for the Apprenticeship minimum wage rate.

Further information is available from the Apprenticeship Pay Survey, 2014 webpage.

The Apprenticeship Pay Survey was also conducted in 2005, 2007, 2011 and 2012, but only data from 2014 onwards are available from the UK Data Service. The 2016 survey is held under SN 8204, which also includes a combined 2014 and 2016 file.
What good are skills, anyway? Estimating the returns to specific skills in a college education
Creators: name: Rakitan, Timothy J.
name: Artz, Georgeanne M.
name: Rakitan, Timothy J.
name: Artz, Georgeanne M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: earnings
subject: college major
subject: specific skills
subject: curriculum

description: How does the labor market reward the specific skills learned by college students? We use a novel data set that combines earnings, demographic and college transcript data for over 5,000 graduates of a large university to investigate how their skill development has been compensated during their experience in the labor market. Using student academic records to generate measures of skills acquisition in the areas of mathematics and communication, among others, we estimate the contribution of our skills acquisition measures to graduates’ later incomes. We find that, consistent with established literature, the significance of even broad categories of skills diminishes as controls are added, although female graduates experience significant returns to quantitative coursework. These results are robust to different specifications, including controlling for innate ability via proxy measures.
Direct phase mapping of the light scattered by single plasmonic nanoparticles
Creators: name: Hauler, Otto
name: Wackenhut, Frank
name: Jakob, Lukas A.
name: Stuhl, Alexander
name: Laible, Florian
name: Fleischer, Monika
name: Meixner, Alfred J.
name: Braun, Kai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we present a novel technique to directly measure the phase shift of the optical signal scattered by single plasmonic nanoparticles in a diffraction-limited laser focus. We accomplish this by equipping an inverted confocal microscope with a Michelson interferometer and scanning single nanoparticles through the focal volume while recording interferograms of the scattered and a reference wave for each pixel. For the experiments, lithographically prepared gold nanorods where used, since their plasmon resonances can be controlled via their aspect ratio. We have developed a theoretical model for image formation in confocal scattering microscopy for nanoparticles considerably smaller than the diffraction limited focus We show that the phase shift observed for particles with different longitudinal particle plasmon resonances can be well explained by the harmonic oscillator model. The direct measurement of the phase shift can further improve the understanding of the elastic scattering of individual gold nanoparticles with respect to their plasmonic properties.
Three-dimensional weights of evidence modeling of a deep-seated porphyry Cu deposit
Creators: name: Farahbakhsh, Ehsan
name: Hezarkhani, Ardeshir
name: Eslamkish, Taymour
name: Bahroudi, Abbas
name: Chandra, Rohitash
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Given the challenges in data acquisition and modeling at the stage of detailed exploration, it is difficult to develop a prospectivity model, particularly for disseminated ore deposits. Recently, the weights of evidence (WofE) method has demonstrated a high efficiency for modeling such deposits. In this study, we propose a framework for creating a three-dimensional (3D) weights of evidence-based prospectivity model of the Nochoun porphyry Cu deposit in the Urmia-Dokhtar magmatic arc of Iran. The input data include qualitative geological and quantitative geochemical information obtained from boreholes and field observations. We combine ordinary and fuzzy weights of evidence for integrating qualitative and quantitative exploration criteria in a 3D space constrained by a metallogenic model of the study area for identifying a deep-seated ore body. Ordinary weights of evidence are determined for geological data, including lithology, alteration, rock type, and structure. Moreover, we determine the fuzzy weight of evidence for each class of continuous geochemical models created based on Fe, Mo, and Zn concentration values derived from boreholes. We integrate the input evidential models using WofE and create two prospectivity models (i.e., posterior and studentized posterior probability). We also determine anomalous voxels in the probability models using concentration-volume fractal models and validate them using prediction-volume plots. The modeling results indicate that the studentized posterior probability model is more efficient in identifying voxels representing copper mineralized rock volumes. We provide open source software for the proposed framework which can be used for exploring deep-seated ore bodies in other regions.
description: 34 pages, 20 figures, 6 tables
Cost-effectiveness of policies supporting solar panels in Indiana
Creators: name: Sesmero, Juan P.
name: Jung, Jinho
name: Tyner, Wallace E.
name: Sesmero, Juan P.
name: Jung, Jinho
name: Tyner, Wallace E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: solar energy
subject: real options
subject: net metering
subject: peak pricing
subject: cost-effectiveness

description: We adopt a real options approach to quantify transfers to households that are sufficient to induce adoption of solar panels. These transfers are then combined with the panels’ production capacity to obtain a measure of cost-effectiveness of alternative policies that are either in effect, or currently being considered by State governments. Alternative policies are then ranked based on their cost-effectiveness. Generally we find that a combination of net metering and peak-pricing is more cost-effective than the federal tax credit and the solar loan interest tax deduction.
Additional file 1: of A case series of dermatofibromas originating in leprosy lesions: a potentially misdiagnosed condition
Creators: name: C. Soares
name: P. Masuda
name: D. Junior
name: W. Belachew
name: P. Wachholz
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Table S1. Types and frequency of drugs used to treat episodes of type 2 reaction in leprosy patients who developed 37 lesions of dermatofibroma within leprosy lesions in regression. (DOCX 20 kb)
Road Accident Data, 2014
Road Accident Data, 1985-
Creators: name: Department For Transport, Road Accident Statistics Branch
Publisher: name: UK Data Service
Year: 2015

description: Road accident statistics are collected from information about personal injury road accidents and their consequent casualties, to a common national standard. The aim of collecting and publishing national road accident statistics is to inform public debate and to provide the basis for determining and monitoring effective road safety policies to reduce the road accident casualty toll. They are an essential requirement for monitoring targeted reductions in road accident casualties. The credible monitoring of targeted reductions requires that data are reported consistently and accurately, and both national and local government, and local reporting police forces, work closely to achieve a common reporting standard.

Users should note that for 1985-1991, and from 2002 onwards, the Vehicle Record file does not contain breath test data. This change has been made in order to protect confidentiality.

Data for 1985-1990 were deposited at the Archive at the beginning of 2006. Prior to this, the Archive only held the Road Accident Data series from 1991 onwards. No extra documentation was available for the 1985-1990 data, so users are advised to consult the documentation for the 1991 survey.

Further information about the Road Accident Data series and research based on it may be found on the government road accidents and safety statistics webpages.

These studies comprise information gathered using STATS19 and STATS20 forms.
Energy Bounds of Linked Vortex States
Creators: name: Protogenov, A. P.
name: Verbus, V. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Energy bounds of knotted and linked vortex states in a charged two-component system are considered. It is shown that a set of local minima of free energy contains new classes of universality. When the mutual linking number of vector order parameter vortex lines is less than the Hopf invariant, these states have lower-lying energies.
description: 4 pages, Latex2e
Additional file 1: Figure S1. of A rapid and quantitative method to detect human circulating tumor cells in a preclinical animal model
Creators: name: Shih-Hsin Tu
name: Hsieh, Yi-Chen
name: Li-Chi Huang
name: Lin, Chun-Yu
name: Hsu, Kai-Wen
name: Wen-Shyang Hsieh
name: Chi, Wei-Ming
name: Chia-Hwa Lee
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Designing suitable human GUS primers for a xenograft animal model. (A)-(F) panels used primers designed by Roche LightCycler Probe Design Program targeting human GUS genes. Both human and mouse DNA were used to measure the primersâ specificity. (PDF 525 kb)
Radion in Multibrane World
Creators: name: Kogan, Ian I.
name: Mouslopoulos, Stavros
name: Papazoglou, Antonios
name: Pilo, Luigi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The radion dynamics related to the presence of moving branes with both positive or negative tensions is studied in the linearized approximation. The radion effective Lagrangian is computed for a compact system with three branes and in particular we examine the decompactification limit when one brane is sent to infinity. In the non-compact case we calculate the coupling of the gravitational modes (graviton, dilaton and radion) to matter on the branes. The character of gravity on the two branes for all possible combinations of brane tensions is also discussed. It turns out that one can have a normalizable dilaton mode even in the non-compact case. Finally, we speculate on the role of moving branes as a possible source of radion emission.
description: 24 pages, 4 figures, comments added, version published in Nucl. Phys. B
Water-efficient irrigation technology adoption in Punjab
Creators: name: Van Dop, Molly
name: Sheng, Homan
name: Sesmero, Juan
name: Venort, Taisha
name: Van Dop, Molly
name: Sheng, Homan
name: Sesmero, Juan
name: Venort, Taisha
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: International Development
subject: Production Economics
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: irrigation
subject: water-saving rice hybrids
subject: planting date
subject: Punjab

description: We examine key features of the adoption of water-efficient irrigation technologies in the Punjab region in India. Results show that the government would have to incur significant costs to induce adoption of water-saving practices. However, the cost-effectiveness of water-saving policies is enhanced if farmers anticipate the long-term benefits to water table. In combination these results suggest a low cost-effectiveness of policies supporting efficient irrigation systems.
Zero-modes in the random hopping model
Creators: name: Brouwer, P. W.
name: Racine, E.
name: Furusaki, A.
name: Hatsugai, Y.
name: Morita, Y.
name: Mudry, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: If the number of lattice sites is odd, a quantum particle hopping on a bipartite lattice with random hopping between the two sublattices only is guaranteed to have an eigenstate at zero energy. We show that the localization length of this eigenstate depends strongly on the boundaries of the lattice, and can take values anywhere between the mean free path and infinity. The same dependence on boundary conditions is seen in the conductance of such a lattice if it is connected to electron reservoirs via narrow leads. For any nonzero energy, the dependence on boundary conditions is removed for sufficiently large system sizes.
description: 12 pages, 11 figures
LEADER SUPPORTIVENESS IN PART-TIME EMPLOYEES
Creators: name: Manea, Naomi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: leader supportiveness
part-time employees
organizational citizenship behaviors
commitment
job satisfaction

description: The purpose of this study was to explore how leader supportiveness has a positive influence on part-time employees by measuring different job-related factors (e.g., organizational citizenship behaviors, organizational commitment, and job satisfaction). Each outcome was measured using Leader Behavior Scale, Organizational Citizenship Behaviors Scale, Organizational Commitment Scale, and Job Diagnostic Survey. Participants included people who are currently employed in a part-time position. Results indicated how leader supportiveness positively influences each of these outcomes. Implications and directions for future research were discussed.
Learning class-to-class selectional preferences
Creators: name: Agirre, E.
name: Martinez, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.7

description: Selectional preference learning methods have usually focused on word-to-class relations, e.g., a verb selects as its subject a given nominal class. This papers extends previous statistical models to class-to-class preferences, and presents a model that learns selectional preferences for classes of verbs. The motivation is twofold: different senses of a verb may have different preferences, and some classes of verbs can share preferences. The model is tested on a word sense disambiguation task which uses subject-verb and object-verb relationships extracted from a small sense-disambiguated corpus.
Systematic Misestimation of Machine Learning Performance in Neuroimaging Studies of Depression
Creators: name: Flint, Claas
name: Cearns, Micah
name: Opel, Nils
name: Redlich, Ronny
name: Mehler, David M. A.
name: Emden, Daniel
name: Winter, Nils R.
name: Leenings, Ramona
name: Eickhoff, Simon B.
name: Kircher, Tilo
name: Krug, Axel
name: Nenadic, Igor
name: Arolt, Volker
name: Clark, Scott
name: Baune, Bernhard T.
name: Jiang, Xiaoyi
name: Dannlowski, Udo
name: Hahn, Tim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: We currently observe a disconcerting phenomenon in machine learning studies in psychiatry: While we would expect larger samples to yield better results due to the availability of more data, larger machine learning studies consistently show much weaker performance than the numerous small-scale studies. Here, we systematically investigated this effect focusing on one of the most heavily studied questions in the field, namely the classification of patients suffering from major depressive disorder (MDD) and healthy control (HC) based on neuroimaging data. Drawing upon structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data from a balanced sample of $N = 1,868$ MDD patients and HC from our recent international Predictive Analytics Competition (PAC), we first trained and tested a classification model on the full dataset which yielded an accuracy of $61\,\%$. Next, we mimicked the process by which researchers would draw samples of various sizes ($N = 4$ to $N = 150$) from the population and showed a strong risk of misestimation. Specifically, for small sample sizes ($N = 20$), we observe accuracies of up to $95\,\%$. For medium sample sizes ($N = 100$) accuracies up to $75\,\%$ were found. Importantly, further investigation showed that sufficiently large test sets effectively protect against performance misestimation whereas larger datasets per se do not. While these results question the validity of a substantial part of the current literature, we outline the relatively low-cost remedy of larger test sets, which is readily available in most cases.
Impact of India’s Food Security Policy across Household Types
Creators: name: Birur, Dileep K.
name: Aguiar, Angel
name: Narayanan, Badri G.
name: Birur, Dileep K.
name: Aguiar, Angel
name: Narayanan, Badri G.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Food Security
subject: India
subject: Computable General Equilibrium
subject: Household Behavior

description: With global population expected to reach 9 billion by 2050 (UN, 2009), achieving food security for all, while addressing competing priorities for land and other resources, is a key challenge of the 21st century. Most of the growth in demand for food is expected to come from the developing countries. The rural-urban divide in terms of food security, among the poor households, in these countries is often found to be considerable. India is a key global player, as a leading emerging economy, with a strong impact it had on the World Trade Organization’s (WTO) latest negotiations, in the food security context. Until 2013, India followed a welfare based approach of distributing food grains to its low income group at an issue price which is much lower than its market price or procurement price. Then, the Government of India passed the National Food Security Act 2013 (NFSA, also called the Right to Food Act due to its rights based approach). The NFSA entails providing subsidized food grains to nearly 75% of the rural population and 50% of the urban population. There is a disconnect in the literature between two sets of hypotheses – household-type-level differences in food security to be addressed by policies such as NFSA and the distortions arising from it. In this study, we attempt to bridge this gap by examining the economy wide and household level implications of India’s NFSA within the context of global food security challenges. We utilize MyGTAP data program (Minor and Walmsley, 2013), and MyGTAP model (Walmsley and Minor, 2013) to demonstrate implications of implementing NFSA by introducing equivalent food consumption subsidies in India in the place of any existing subsidies. Our analysis may help addressing global debate on subsidizing food consumption, particularly in the context of concerns articulated mainly by India on behalf of the developing countries, on the Trade Facilitation Agreement (TFA) clauses on food subsidies.
OpenML-Python: an extensible Python API for OpenML
Creators: name: Feurer, Matthias
name: van Rijn, Jan N.
name: Kadra, Arlind
name: Gijsbers, Pieter
name: Mallik, Neeratyoy
name: Ravi, Sahithya
name: Müller, Andreas
name: Vanschoren, Joaquin
name: Hutter, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: OpenML is an online platform for open science collaboration in machine learning, used to share datasets and results of machine learning experiments. In this paper we introduce OpenML-Python, a client API for Python, opening up the OpenML platform for a wide range of Python-based tools. It provides easy access to all datasets, tasks and experiments on OpenML from within Python. It also provides functionality to conduct machine learning experiments, upload the results to OpenML, and reproduce results which are stored on OpenML. Furthermore, it comes with a scikit-learn plugin and a plugin mechanism to easily integrate other machine learning libraries written in Python into the OpenML ecosystem. Source code and documentation is available at https://github.com/openml/openml-python/.
Decomposing the SU(N) Connection and the Wu-Yang Potential
Creators: name: Duan, Yi-shi
name: Zhang, Peng-ming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on the decomposition of SU(2) gauge field, we derive a generalization of the decomposition theory for the SU(N) gauge field. We thus obtain the invariant electro-magnetic tensors of SU(N) groups and the extended Wu-Yang potentials. The sourceless solutions are also discussed.
description: 9 pages
Stability analysis of relativistic jets from collapsars and its implications on the short-term variability of gamma-ray bursts
Creators: name: Aloy, M. -A.
name: Ibanez, J. -M.
name: Miralles, J. -A.
name: Urpin, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the transverse structure and stability properties of relativistic jets formed in the course of the collapse of a massive progenitor. Our numerical simulations show the presence of a strong shear in the bulk velocity of such jets. This shear can be responsible for a very rapid shear--driven instability that arises for any velocity profile. This conclusion has been confirmed both by numerical simulations and theoretical analysis. The instability leads to rapid fluctuations of the main hydrodynamical parameters (density, pressure, Lorentz factor, etc.). However, the perturbations of the density are effectively decoupled from those of the pressure because the beam of the jet is radiation--dominated. The characteristic growth time of instability is much shorter than the life time of the jet and, therefore, may lead to a complete turbulent beam. In the course of the non-linear evolution, these fluctuations may yield to internal shocks which can be randomly distributed in the jet. In the case that internal shocks in a ultrarelativistic outflow are responsible for the observed phenomenology of gamma-ray bursts, the proposed instability can well account for the short-term variability of gamma-ray light curves down to milliseconds.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures. Received 2 July 2002 / Accepted 30 August 2002 in A&A
Adaptive Gradient Descent without Descent
Creators: name: Malitsky, Yura
name: Mishchenko, Konstantin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present a strikingly simple proof that two rules are sufficient to automate gradient descent: 1) don't increase the stepsize too fast and 2) don't overstep the local curvature. No need for functional values, no line search, no information about the function except for the gradients. By following these rules, you get a method adaptive to the local geometry, with convergence guarantees depending only on the smoothness in a neighborhood of a solution. Given that the problem is convex, our method converges even if the global smoothness constant is infinity. As an illustration, it can minimize arbitrary continuously twice-differentiable convex function. We examine its performance on a range of convex and nonconvex problems, including logistic regression and matrix factorization.
Additional file 1: Figure S1. of Diffuse non-midline glioma with H3F3A K27M mutation: a prognostic and treatment dilemma
Creators: name: Lรณpez, Giselle
name: Bush, Nancy Oberheim
name: Berger, Mitchel
name: Perry, Arie
name: Solomon, David
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Imaging features of the diffuse non-midline glioma, H3 K27M-mutant. Figure S2. Histologic features of the diffuse non-midline glioma with histone H3 K27M mutation. Figure S3. Genetic features of the diffuse non-midline glioma with histone H3 K27M mutation. (PDF 6168 kb)
A local epsilon version of Reed's Conjecture
Creators: name: Kelly, Tom
name: Postle, Luke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In 1998, Reed conjectured that every graph $G$ satisfies $χ(G) \leq \lceil \frac{1}{2}(Δ(G) + 1 + ω(G))\rceil$, where $χ(G)$ is the chromatic number of $G$, $Δ(G)$ is the maximum degree of $G$, and $ω(G)$ is the clique number of $G$. As evidence for his conjecture, he proved an "epsilon version" of it, i.e. that there exists some $\varepsilon > 0$ such that $χ(G) \leq (1 - \varepsilon)(Δ(G) + 1) + \varepsilonω(G)$. It is natural to ask if Reed's conjecture or an epsilon version of it is true for the list-chromatic number. In this paper we consider a "local version" of the list-coloring version of Reed's conjecture. Namely, we conjecture that if $G$ is a graph with list-assignment $L$ such that for each vertex $v$ of $G$, $|L(v)| \geq \lceil \frac{1}{2}(d(v) + 1 + ω(v))\rceil$, where $d(v)$ is the degree of $v$ and $ω(v)$ is the size of the largest clique containing $v$, then $G$ is $L$-colorable. Our main result is that an "epsilon version" of this conjecture is true, under some mild assumptions. Using this result, we also prove a significantly improved lower bound on the density of $k$-critical graphs with clique number less than $k/2$, as follows. For every $α> 0$, if $\varepsilon \leq \frac{α^2}{1350}$, then if $G$ is an $L$-critical graph for some $k$-list-assignment $L$ such that $ω(G) < (\frac{1}{2} - α)k$ and $k$ is sufficiently large, then $G$ has average degree at least $(1 + \varepsilon)k$. This implies that for every $α> 0$, there exists $\varepsilon > 0$ such that if $G$ is a graph with $ω(G)\leq (\frac{1}{2} - α)\mathrm{mad}(G)$, where $\mathrm{mad}(G)$ is the maximum average degree of $G$, then $χ_\ell(G) \leq \left\lceil (1 - \varepsilon)(\mathrm{mad}(G) + 1) + \varepsilon ω(G)\right\rceil$.
description: This version corrects some mistakes in Section 3 (see Remark 1 on page 11) -- all results in Section 1 still hold. Corrigendum to appear in JCTB
Devil's staircase in kinetically limited growth of Ising model
Creators: name: Ackland, G. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The devil's staircase is a term used to describe surface or an equilibrium phase diagram in which various ordered facets or phases are infinitely closely packed as a function of some model parameter. A classic example is a 1-D Ising model [bak] wherein long-range and short range forces compete, and the periodicity of the gaps between minority species covers all rational values. In many physical cases, crystal growth proceeds by adding surface layers which have the lowest energy, but are then frozen in place. The emerging layered structure is not the thermodynamic ground state, but is uniquely defined by the growth kinetics. It is shown that for such a system, the grown structure tends to the equilibrium ground state via a devil's staircase traversing an infinity of intermediate phases. It would be extremely difficult to deduce the simple growth law based on measurement made on such an grown structure.
description: 4 pages, PRL submitted
Safer or Cheaper? Household Safety Concerns, Vehicle Choices, and the Costs of Fuel Economy Standards
Creators: name: Choi, Young-Young
name: Liu, Yizao
name: Huang, Ling
name: Choi, Young-Young
name: Liu, Yizao
name: Huang, Ling
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Industrial Organization
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) standards
subject: a mixed logit
subject: traffic safety
subject: fuel economy
subject: consumers' vehicle choices

description: In this paper, we formulate and estimate a mixed logit model of consumer vehicle choices with micro-level data to examine the effect of safety concerns on their vehicle choices, especially on the preference for various vehicle characteristics linked to vehicle safety (MPG, weight, size, etc). Further, using the demand estimates, we simulate consumers’ vehicle choices under alternative fuel economy standards that will result in new product offerings from automakers. We then calculate and compare the welfare change for consumers with different safety concerns. The estimation results suggest that consumers’ safety concerns have significant impacts on their vehicle choices and their preference over safety-related vehicle characteristics.
Fast and simple qubit-based synchronization for quantum key distribution
Creators: name: Calderaro, Luca
name: Stanco, Andrea
name: Agnesi, Costantino
name: Avesani, Marco
name: Dequal, Daniele
name: Villoresi, Paolo
name: Vallone, Giuseppe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose Qubit4Sync, a synchronization method for Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) setups, based on the same qubits exchanged during the protocol and without requiring additional hardware other than the one necessary to prepare and measure the quantum states. Our approach introduces a new cross-correlation algorithm achieving the lowest computational complexity, to our knowledge, for high channel losses. We tested the robustness of our scheme in a real QKD implementation.
Poverty and Social Exclusion in the United Kingdom: Qualitative Research Phase 1: Focus Groups, 2010
Poverty and Social Exclusion in the United Kingdom, 2010-2012
PSE12
Creators: name: Gordon, D.
Publisher: name: UK Data Service
Year: 2016

description: The Poverty and Social Exclusion in the United Kingdom project is the largest research project of its kind ever carried out in the UK. It examines levels of deprivation in the UK today. The research aims to answer the following questions:
What are the best methods for measuring poverty, deprivation, social exclusion and standard of living?

How are the different dimensions of poverty, deprivation and social exclusion related?

What is the current extent and nature of poverty and how has it changed?

What policies best address these problems?
Launched in May 2010, the project comprises four main pieces of research so far:
Firstly, two major surveys into the public's perceptions of necessities and into living standards were carried out in 2012/13: an attitudinal UK Omnibus survey, gathering the public's perceptions of necessities and attitudes to services (held under SN 7878); and a large-scale survey of living standards to examine the nature, extent and causes of deprivation and social exclusion (SN 7879).

In addition, two qualitative research studies have been undertaken: an investigation into the experiences of living on low income during recession in Gloucestershire, the West Midlands and Strathclyde (SN 7877); and an exploration of the role of the family when coping with poverty in Northern Ireland.
Further information about the project may be found on the Poverty and Social Exclusion project website.

 Focus group interviews were conducted between November and December 2010 in five different locations, including in each of the four territories comprising the UK: Bristol, Cardiff, London, Glasgow and Belfast. Separate group interviews were conducted amongst low income samples (5 groups), non-low income samples (5 groups), and mixed income samples (4 groups). These groups were also stratified by household type (11 groups) and minority ethnic status (3 groups).
Dynamically Triangulating Lorentzian Quantum Gravity
Creators: name: Ambjorn, J.
name: Jurkiewicz, J.
name: Loll, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fruitful ideas on how to quantize gravity are few and far between. In this paper, we give a complete description of a recently introduced non-perturbative gravitational path integral whose continuum limit has already been investigated extensively in d less than 4, with promising results. It is based on a simplicial regularization of Lorentzian space-times and, most importantly, possesses a well-defined, non-perturbative Wick rotation. We present a detailed analysis of the geometric and mathematical properties of the discretized model in d=3,4. This includes a derivation of Lorentzian simplicial manifold constraints, the gravitational actions and their Wick rotation. We define a transfer matrix for the system and show that it leads to a well-defined self-adjoint Hamiltonian. In view of numerical simulations, we also suggest sets of Lorentzian Monte Carlo moves. We demonstrate that certain pathological phases found previously in Euclidean models of dynamical triangulations cannot be realized in the Lorentzian case.
description: 41 pages, 14 figures
Evaluation of Football Shaped Rumble Strips Versus Rectangular Rumble Strips
Creators: name: Rys, Margaret J.
name: Gardner, Lucas
name: Russell, Eugene
name: Rys, Margaret J.
name: Gardner, Lucas
name: Russell, Eugene
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: Public Economics

description: Shoulder and centerline rumble strips have become predominantly used safety measures along American highways in almost all states and in Canadian provinces. Milled shoulder rumble strips are cut indentations along the shoulder of a highway to warn drivers with an audible and tactile alert if they start drifting off the road. Centerline rumble strips are similar, but are placed between lanes, usually on undivided two-way, two-lane highways, to warn drivers who may start drifting into oncoming traffic. Researchers at Kansas State University (KSU) have conducted research on a new football-shaped highway rumble strip designed by an independent firm in Kansas. Test strips were installed along a Kansas highway, and the KSU research team conducted several tests to evaluate the new football shaped rumble strip versus the rectangular rumble strip. The comparison consisted of water and debris collection, interior sound and vibration production, and the opinions of bicyclists.Based on the literature review, the limited tests performed, and the surveys conducted, it can be concluded that no significant difference was found between the two types of rumble strips.
Sublimated Decoupling of the Vortex Lattice in Extremely Type-II Layered Superconductors
Creators: name: Rodriguez, J. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The question of whether layer decoupling and vortex-lattice melting occur seperately or not in the mixed phase of pristine layered superconductors in the extreme type-II limit is studied through a partial duality analysis of the layered XY model with uniform frustration. We find that both transitions occur simultaneously if the normal/superconducting transition of the vortex lattice in an isolated layer is first-order and if a sufficient degree of layer anisotropy exists. We also find that a cross-over to a highly entangled vortex lattice phase with relatively low phase rigidity across layers does not occur in practice under any circumstances at temperatures below the two-dimensional vortex-lattice melting transition.
description: 15 pgs. of plain TeX, 2 figs, erratum appended
Kerr-Newman stress-tensor from minimal coupling
Creators: name: Chung, Ming-Zhi
name: Huang, Yu-tin
name: Kim, Jung-Wook
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we demonstrate that at leading order in post Minkowskian (PM) expansion, the stress-energy tensor of Kerr-Newman can be recovered to all orders in spin from three sets of minimal coupling: the electric and gravitational minimal coupling for higher-spin particles, and the "minimal coupling" for massive spin-2 decay. These couplings are uniquely defined from kinematic consideration alone. This is shown by extracting the classical piece of the one-loop stress-energy tensor form factor, which we provide a basis that is valid to all orders in spin. The 1 PM stress tensor, and the metric in the harmonic gauge, is then recovered from the classical spin limit of the form factor.
description: 19 pages, 3 figures
The Productivity of Australia’s Railways in the 20th Century
Creators: name: Wills-Johnson, Nick
name: Wills-Johnson, Nick
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: Productivity Analysis

description: This paper utilizes a unique, century-long dataset for the Australian railways to examine the productivity of Australia’s railways over the course of the 20th Century. The long timeframe allows one to trace out the paths of the many technical and policy innovations the industry has experienced. The aim of this analysis is to assist in framing a focus for future rail policy to ensure railways maintain a central role in the sustainable future of Australian land transport.
Buddleja similis Fries 1907
Creators: name: O'Leary, Nataly
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Lamiales
Scrophulariaceae
Buddleja
Buddleja similis

description: Buddleja similis Fries (1907: 27)
Type (lectotype, first-step designated by Norman 2000: 118):— ARGENTINA. Jujuy: Arroyo del Medio, loco aprico, R. E. Fries 353 (S!, two sheets; second-step lectotype, here designated S No. 09-43643! [digital image], isolectotypes P barcode 0641157! [digital image], S-R- No. 771! [digital image]).
Notes:— Norman (2000) “clearly indicated the type element” (Art. 7.10, before 2001) as to be the collection in S as the “ holotype ”, but it is an error to be corrected to lectotype (Art. 9.9 of the ICN, McNeill et al. 2012). In S herbarium, actually, two duplicate specimens exist (S 09-43643 and S-R-771), so that Norman’s mention can be considered as a first-step typification (Art. 9.17, Ex. 12 of the ICN, McNeill et al. 2012). This designation is here narrowed by selecting the most complete specimen as a second-step lectotype (Art. 9.17 of the ICN, McNeill et al. 2012, McNeill 2014).
Current status:—heterotypic synonym of Buddleja iresinoides (Grisebach 1879: 278) Hosseus (1926: 45).
description: Published as part of O'Leary, Nataly, 2015, Typification and nomenclatural notes on twenty-three names of Buddleja (Schrophulariaceae), pp. 237-245 in Phytotaxa 234 (3) on page 240, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.234.3.4, http://zenodo.org/record/13632992
The Upper Mississippi and Illinois Rivers as Grain Transport Arteries: A Spatial Mapping Equilibrium Analysis
Creators: name: Fellin, Luis
name: Fuller, Stephen
name: Kruse, John
name: Meyer, Seth D.
name: Womack, Abner
name: Fellin, Luis
name: Fuller, Stephen
name: Kruse, John
name: Meyer, Seth D.
name: Womack, Abner
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: Public Economics

description: Spatial models representing the international grain economy are developed to estimate the annual contribution of the upper Mississippi and Illinois rivers to Midwest grain producer revenues and to evaluate alternate grain routing necessitated by a catastrophic event at Lock and Dam 27 near St. Louis. Several scenarios are constructed to consider grain load capacity constraints in combination with alternative rail rate increases. The analysis suggests the annual value of the upper Mississippi and Illinois Rivers for grain transport ranges from $229 million to $806 million.