cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The magnetic structure of Saturn's magnetosheath
Creators: name: Sulaiman, A. H.
name: Masters, A.
name: Dougherty, M. K.
name: Jia, X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A planet's magnetosheath extends from downstream of its bow shock up to the magnetopause where the solar wind flow is deflected around the magnetosphere and the solar wind embedded magnetic field lines are draped. This makes the region an important site for plasma turbulence, instabilities, reconnection and plasma depletion layers. A relatively high Alfvén Mach number solar wind and a polar-flattened magnetosphere make the magnetosheath of Saturn both physically and geometrically distinct from the Earth's. The polar flattening is predicted to affect the magnetosheath magnetic field structure and thus the solar wind-magnetosphere interaction. Here we investigate the magnetic field in the magnetosheath with the expectation that polar flattening is manifested in the overall draping pattern. We compare an accumulation of Cassini data between 2004 and 2010 with global magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations and an analytical model representative of a draped field between axisymmetric boundaries. The draping patterns measured are well captured and in broad agreement for given upstream conditions with those of the MHD simulations (which include polar flattening). The deviations from the analytical model, based on no polar flattening, suggest that non-axisymmetry is invariably a key feature of the magnetosphere's global structure. Our results show a comprehensive overview of the configuration of the magnetic field in a non-axisymmetric magnetosheath as revealed by Cassini. We anticipate our assessment to provide an insight to this barely studied interface between a high Alfvénic bow shock and a dynamic magnetosphere.
On n-partite superactivation of quantum channel capacities
Creators: name: Shirokov, M. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A generalization of the superactivation of quantum channel capacities to the case of n>2 channels is considered. An explicit example of such superactivation for the 1-shot quantum zero-error capacity is constructed for n=3. Some implications of this example and its reformulation on terms of quantum measurements are described.
description: 24 pages, any comments are welcome
Sinalliaria limprichtiana var. grandifolia X. F. Jin, Y. Y. Zhou & H. W. Zhang
Creators: name: Zhou, Ying-Ying
name: Zhang, Hong-Wei
name: Hu, Jiang-Qin
name: Jin, Xiao-Feng
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Brassicales
Brassicaceae
Sinalliaria
Sinalliaria limprichtiana
Sinalliaria limprichtiana (pax) x. f. jin, y. y. zhou & h. w. zhang var. grandifolia (z. x. an) x. f. jin, y. y. zhou & h. w. zhang

description: b) Sinalliaria limprichtiana (Pax) X. F. Jin, Y. Y. Zhou & H. W. Zhang var. grandifolia (Z. X. An) X. F. Jin, Y. Y. Zhou & H. W. Zhang, stat. & comb. nov. (Figure 1: A–C, Figure 5: D, E)
Basionym: Alliaria grandifolia Z. X. An (1985: 396).
Type:— CHINA. Zhejiang: Changhua, 2 June 1957, Y. Y. Ho 23442 (holotype NAS!, isotypes HHBG!, PE!).
Stems and leaves glabrous, petals pale pink.
Additional specimens examined: — CHINA. Anhui: Jixi, Mount. Qingliangfeng, M. B. Deng 90030 (PE); without precise locality, D. Q. Wang 5403 (ACM). Shexian, Mount. Qingliangfeng, X. P. Zhang 0260 (ANUB), 0543 (ANUB); Sanyang, Anhui Bot. Exped. 1665 (PE). Zhejiang: Chun’an, Mount. Luofeng, L. Hong 904 (HHBG). Lin’an, Changhua, Mount. Longtang, X. F. Jin & al. 1721 (HTC), 1722 (HTC), 1723 (HTC), 1724 (HTC), C. F. Zhang 3929 (HTC), 80th Students of Hangzhou Univ. 393 (HTC); Mount. Tianmu, Med. Exped. 6 (HHBG); Yunxiwu, Y. Y. Ho 22948 (HHBG, PE), 28598 (PE).
description: Published as part of Zhou, Ying-Ying, Zhang, Hong-Wei, Hu, Jiang-Qin & Jin, Xiao-Feng, 2014, Sinalliaria, a new genus of Brassicaceae from eastern China, based on morphological and molecular data, pp. 188-198 in Phytotaxa 186 (4) on page 195, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.186.4.2, http://zenodo.org/record/5147063
Commissioning of the Inner Tracker of the KLOE-2 experiment
Creators: name: Di Cicco, A.
name: Morello, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The KLOE-2 experiment is undergoing commissioning at the DA$Φ$NE $e^{+}e^{-}$ collider of the Frascati National Laboratory of the INFN, after the integration of new detectors in the former KLOE apparatus. The Inner Tracker, a very light detector (material budget $<2\%X_{0}$), is one of the new subdetectors and it is composed of 4 cylindrical triple-GEM with a stereo X-V strips/pads readout. The commissioning phase of the Inner Tracker consists in the characterization of the detector response and in its performance evaluation. The method used to evaluate its detection efficiency is reported, together with some preliminary results.
Amplitude analysis of the $D_s^+ \to π^- π^+ π^+$ decay
Creators: name: LHCb Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A Dalitz plot analysis of the $D_s^+ \to π^- π^+ π^+$ decay is presented. The analysis is based on proton-proton collision data recorded by the LHCb experiment at a centre-of-mass energy of $8$ TeV and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of $1.5 fb^{-1}$. The resonant structure of the decay is obtained using a quasi-model-independent partial-wave analysis, in which the $π^+π^-$ S-wave amplitude is parameterised as a generic complex function determined by a fit to the data. The S-wave component is found to be dominant, followed by the contribution from spin-2 resonances and a small contribution from spin-1 resonances. The latter includes the first observation of the $D_s^+ \to ω(782) π^+$ channel in the $D_s^+ \to π^- π^+ π^+$ decay. The resonant structures of the $D_s^+ \to π^- π^+ π^+$ and $D^+ \to π^- π^+ π^+$ decays are compared, providing information about the mechanisms for the hadron formation in these decays.
description: All figures and tables, along with any additional information, are available at https://cern.ch/lhcbproject/Publications/p/LHCb-PAPER-2022-030.html (LHCb public pages)
On the role of entanglement in qudit-based circuit compression
Creators: name: Gao, Xiaoqin
name: Appel, Paul
name: Friis, Nicolai
name: Ringbauer, Martin
name: Huber, Marcus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gate-based universal quantum computation is formulated in terms of two types of operations: local single-qubit gates, which are typically easily implementable, and two-qubit entangling gates, whose faithful implementation remains one of the major experimental challenges since it requires controlled interactions between individual systems. To make the most of quantum hardware it is crucial to process information in the most efficient way. One promising avenue is to use higher-dimensional systems, qudits, as the fundamental units of quantum information, in order to replace a fraction of the qubit-entangling gates with qudit-local gates. Here, we show how the complexity of multi-qubit circuits can be lowered significantly by employing qudit encodings, which we quantify by considering exemplary circuits with exactly known (multi-qubit) gate complexity. We discuss general principles for circuit compression, derive upper and lower bounds on the achievable advantage, and highlight the key role played by entanglement and the available gate set. Explicit experimental schemes for photonic as well as for trapped-ion implementations are provided and demonstrate a significant expected gain in circuit performance for both platforms.
description: 6+3 pages, 4 figures
Application of a rapid qPCR method for enterococci for beach water quality monitoring purposes in Hawaii: Loss of DNA during the extraction protocol due to coral sands
Creators: name: Noble, R.T.
name: Kirs, M.
name: Seruge, J.
name: Wong, M.
name: Blackwood, A.D.
name: Moravcik, P.S.
Publisher: name: Elsevier Ltd
Year: 2019

description: Rapid qPCR methods for enumerating enterococci can provide results in a few hours, thereby enhancing public health protection. Analysis of 140 samples collected from 11 beaches in Hawaii for enterococci using EPA Method 1611 revealed that a majority (70%) of samples yielded unusable data using the recommended protocol due to DNA losses during extraction. The DNA loss was correlated to the presence of suspended coralline sand. Acidification of samples alleviated or removed the interference, enabling successful method application. There were significant correlations across the three methods evaluated (Enterolert®/Method 1600 R2 = 0.85, Enterolert®/ Method 1611 R2 = 0.78 and Method 1600/1611 R2 = 0.82). When samples were not compromised, there was also good agreement among methods for beach management decisions. This study presents a protocol for beach areas with coralline sands, and re-emphasizes the need to use appropriate controls to prevent underestimation of bacterial concentrations at recreational beaches.
Entwicklung eines Verfahrensablaufes zur Herstellung von Batteriezellstapeln mit großformatigem, rechteckigem Stapelformat und kontinuierlichen Materialbahnen
Creators: name: Haag, Sebastian
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2020
Subjects: Batteriezellproduktion
Stapelbildungsverfahren

description: Die Elektrifizierung des Antriebsstrangs in der Automobilindustrie und die Realisierung der Energiewende erfordern leistungsfähige Energiespeicher. Hierfür weisen elektrochemische Energiespeicher, insbesondere Li-Ionen Batterien, großes Potential auf. Eine zentrale Herausforderung bei der Herstellung von großformatigen Li-Ionen Batteriezellen ist die Stapelbildung, die wechselnde Anordnung von Anode, Separator und Kathode. Die Stapelbildung hat maßgeblichen Einfluss auf die realisierbaren Stapeldesigns und damit auf die Eigenschaften einer Batteriezelle. Ein Batteriezellstapel, welcher mit gestapelten Einzelblättern aufgebaut ist, weist die besten Eigenschaften derzeitiger großformatiger Batteriezellen auf. Nachteilig ist bei diesem Stapeldesign jedoch, dass die kontinuierlichen Ausgangsmaterialbahnen zu Einzelblättern konfektioniert werden müssen. Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit wird ein Stapeldesign konzipiert, welches die positiven Eigenschaften einer einzelblattgestapelten Zelle aufweist und gleichzeitig aus kontinuierlichen Materialbahnen besteht, sodass eine maximale Elektrodenflächenausnutzung der Materialbahnen erzielt werden kann und keine Konfektionierung der Elektrodenflächen erforderlich ist. Kern dieser Arbeit ist die Erarbeitung eines Verfahrensablaufes für die Herstellung des Stapeldesigns. Zunächst werden die wesentlichen Anforderungen an Stapeldesign und Stapelbildung abgeleitet. Basierend auf dieser Analyse erfolgt die Konzeptionierung eines neuen Stapeldesigns. Anschließend wird ein geeigneter Produktionsablauf zur Herstellung des konzipierten Stapeldesigns entwickelt. Von zentraler Bedeutung ist hierbei die Materialbahnformung um 180°. Für diese werden die erforderlichen Materialbahnverläufe definiert und notwendige Werkzeugkomponenten abgeleitet.
Gamification, virality and retention in educational online platform. Measurable indicators and market entry strategy
Creators: name: Osipov, Ilya V.
name: Volinsky, Alex A.
name: Grishin, Vadim V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The paper describes gamification, virality and retention in the freemium educational online platform with 40,000 users as an example. Relationships between virality and retention parameters as measurable metrics are calculated and discussed using real examples. Virality and monetization can be both competing and complementary mechanisms for the system growth. The K-growth factor, which combines both virality and retention, is proposed as the metrics of the overall freemium system performance in terms of the user base growth. This approach can be tested using a small number of users to assess the system potential performance. If the K-growth factor is less than one, the product needs further development. If the K-growth factor it is greater than one, the system retains existing and attracts new users, thus a large scale market launch can be successful.
Additional file 3 of Public and outpatients’ awareness of calling emergency medical services immediately by acute stroke in an upper middle-income country: a cross-sectional questionnaire study in greater Gaborone, Botswana
Creators: name: Ookeditse, Ookeditse
name: Ookeditse, Kebadiretse K.
name: Motswakadikgwa, Thusego R.
name: Masilo, Gosiame
name: Bogatsu, Yaone
name: Lekobe, Baleufi C.
name: Mosepele, Mosepele
name: Schirmer, Henrik
name: Johnsen, Stein H.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 3: eTable 1. Sources of stroke information among respondents.
The importance of electronic correlations in exploring the exotic phase diagram of layered Li$_x$MnO$_2$
Creators: name: Banerjee, Hrishit
name: Grey, Clare P.
name: Morris, Andrew J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using ab initio dynamical mean-field theory we explore the electronic and magnetic states of layered Li$_x$MnO$_2$ as a function of $x$, the state of charge. Constructing real-space Wannier projections of Kohn-Sham orbitals based on the low-energy subspace of Mn $3d$ states and solving a multi-impurity problem, our approach focuses on local correlations at Mn sites. The antiferromagnetic insulating state in LiMnO$_2$ has a moderate Néel temperature of $T_N=296\,K$ in agreement with experimental studies. Upon delithiation the system proceeds through a number of states: ferrimagnetic correlated metals at $x$=0.92, 0.83; multiple charge disproportionated ferromagnetic correlated metals with large quasiparticle weights at $x$=0.67, 0.50, 0.33; ferromagnetic metals with small quasiparticle weights at $x$=0.17, 0.08 and an antiferromagnetic insulator for the fully delithiated state, $x=0.0$. At moderate states of charge, $x=0.67-0.33$, a mix of +3/+4 formal oxidation states of Mn is observed, while the overall nominal oxidation of Mn state changes from +3 in LiMnO$_2$ to +4 in MnO$_2$. In all these cases the high-spin state emerges as the most likely state in our calculations considering the full $d$~manifold of Mn based on the proximity of $e_g$ levels in energy to $t_{2g}$. The quasiparticle peaks in the correlated metallic states were attributed to polaronic states based on previous literature for similar isoelectronic JT driven materials, arising due to non-Fermi liquid type behaviour of the strongly correlated system.
A versatile digital camera trigger for telescopes in the Cherenkov Telescope Array
Creators: name: Schwanke, U.
name: Shayduk, M.
name: Sulanke, K. -H.
name: Vorobiov, S.
name: Wischnewski, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper describes the concept of an FPGA-based digital camera trigger for imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes, developed for the future Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA). The proposed camera trigger is designed to select images initiated by the Cherenkov emission of extended air showers from very-high energy (VHE, E>20 GeV) photons and charged particles while suppressing signatures from background light. The trigger comprises three stages. A first stage employs programmable discriminators to digitize the signals arriving from the camera channels (pixels). At the second stage, a grid of low-cost FPGAs is used to process the digitized signals for camera regions with 37 pixels. At the third stage, trigger conditions found independently in any of the overlapping 37-pixel regions are combined into a global camera trigger by few central FPGAs. Trigger prototype boards based on Xilinx FPGAs have been designed, built and tested and were shown to function properly. Using these components a full camera trigger with a power consumption and price per channel of about 0.5 W and 19 Euro, respectively, can be built. With the described design the camera trigger algorithm can take advantage of pixel information in both the space and the time domain allowing, for example, the creation of triggers sensitive to the time-gradient of a shower image; the time information could also be exploited to online adjust the time window of the acquisition system for pixel data. Combining the results of the parallel execution of different trigger algorithms (optimized, for example, for the lowest and highest energies, respectively) on each FPGA can result in a better response over all photons energies (as demonstrated by Monte Carlo simulation in this work).
description: To be published in NIM A
MPEC 2023-R02 : 2023 QT7
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 QT7

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Three-state Potts nematic order in stacked frustrated spin models with SO(3) symmetry
Creators: name: Nedić, Ana-Marija
name: Quito, Victor L.
name: Sizyuk, Yuriy
name: Orth, Peter P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose stacked two-dimensional lattice designs of frustrated and SO(3) symmetric spin models consisting of antiferromagnetic (AFM) triangular and ferromagnetic (FM) sixfold symmetric sublattices that realize emergent Z3 Potts nematic order. Considering bilinear-biquadratic spin interactions, our models describe an SO(3)-symmetric triangular lattice AFM subject to a fluctuating magnetization arising from the FM coupled sublattice. We focus on the classical AFM-FM windmill model and map out the zero- and finite-temperature phase diagram using Monte Carlo simulations and analytical calculations. We discover a state with composite Potts nematic order above the ferrimagnetic three-sublattice up-up-down ground state and relate it to Potts phases in SO(3)-broken Heisenberg and Ising AFMs in external magnetic fields. Finally, we show that the biquadratic exchange in our model is automatically induced by thermal and quantum fluctuations in the purely bilinear Heisenberg model, easing the requirements for realizing these lattice designs experimentally.
description: 13+3 pages, 8+3 figures
Clustering of Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolates using MLST and whole-genome phylogenetics and protein motif fingerprinting
Creators: name: Noble, R.T.
name: Valdivia-Granda, W.
name: Jones, J.L.
name: Jesser, K.J.
Publisher: name: Frontiers Media S.A.
Year: 2019

description: Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a ubiquitous and abundant member of native microbial assemblages in coastal waters and shellfish. Though V. parahaemolyticus is predominantly environmental, some strains have infected human hosts and caused outbreaks of seafood-related gastroenteritis. In order to understand differences among clinical and environmental V. parahaemolyticus strains, we used high quality DNA sequencing data to compare the genomes of V. parahaemolyticus isolates (n = 43) from a variety of geographic locations and clinical and environmental sample matrices. We used phylogenetic trees inferred from multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and whole-genome (WG) alignments, as well as a novel classification and genome clustering approach that relies on protein motif fingerprints (MFs), to assess relationships between V. parahaemolyticus strains and identify novel molecular targets associated with virulence. Differences in strain clustering at more than one position were observed between the MLST and WG phylogenetic trees. The WG phylogeny had higher support values and strain resolution since isolates of the same sequence type could be differentiated. The MF analysis revealed groups of protein motifs that were associated with the pathogenic MLST type ST36 and a large group of clinical strains isolated from human stool. A subset of the stool and ST36-associated protein motifs were selected for further analysis and the motif sequences were found in genes with a variety of functions, including transposases, secretion system components and effectors, and hypothetical proteins. DNA sequences associated with these protein motifs are candidate targets for future molecular assays in order to improve surveys of pathogenic V. parahaemolyticus in the environment and seafood.
Interplay between Kondo effect and Ruderman-Kittel-Kasuya-Yosida interaction
Creators: name: Prüser, Henning
name: Dargel, Piet E.
name: Bouhassoune, Mohammed
name: Ulbrich, Rainer G.
name: Pruschke, Thomas
name: Lounis, Samir
name: Wenderoth, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The interplay between the Ruderman-Kittel-Kasuya-Yosida (RKKY) interaction and the Kondo effect is expected to provide the driving force for the emergence of many phenomena in strongly correlated electron materials. Two magnetic impurities in a metal are the smallest possible system containing all these ingredients and define a bottom up approach towards a long term understanding of concentrated / dense systems. Here we report on the experimental and theoretical investigation of iron dimers buried below a Cu(100) surface by means of low temperature scanning tunnelling spectroscopy (STS) combined with density functional theory (DFT) and numerical renormalization group (NRG) calculations. The Kondo effect, in particular the width of the Abrikosov-Suhl resonance, is strongly altered or even suppressed due to magnetic coupling between the impurities. It oscillates as function of dimer separation revealing that it is related to the RKKY interaction mediated by the conduction electrons. Simulations based on density functional theory support this concept showing the same oscillation period and trends in the coupling strength as found in the experiment.
Additional file 4 of Public and outpatients’ awareness of calling emergency medical services immediately by acute stroke in an upper middle-income country: a cross-sectional questionnaire study in greater Gaborone, Botswana
Creators: name: Ookeditse, Ookeditse
name: Ookeditse, Kebadiretse K.
name: Motswakadikgwa, Thusego R.
name: Masilo, Gosiame
name: Bogatsu, Yaone
name: Lekobe, Baleufi C.
name: Mosepele, Mosepele
name: Schirmer, Henrik
name: Johnsen, Stein H.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 4: eTable 2. Mann-Whitney U/ Kruskal-Wallis H - Association of awareness of calling EMS, and seeking immediate medical assistance with sociodemographic factors among respondents.
Decadal monitoring reveals an increase in Vibrio spp. Concentrations in the Neuse River Estuary, North Carolina, USA
Creators: name: Noble, R.
name: Lauer, K.
name: Froelich, B.
name: Gonzalez, R.
name: Blackwood, D.
Publisher: name: Public Library of Science
Year: 2019

description: A decade long study was conducted to investigate the ecological, biological, and temporal conditions that affect concentrations of Vibrio spp. bacteria in a well-studied lagoonal estuary. Water samples collected from the Neuse River Estuary in eastern North Carolina from 2004–2014 (with additional follow-up samples from Fall of 2018) were analyzed to determine Vibrio spp. concentrations, as well as the concentrations of inorganic and organic nutrients, fecal indicator bacteria, phytoplankton biomass, and a wide range of other physio-chemical estuarine parameters. A significant increase in Vibrio spp. was observed to occur in the estuary over the examined period. Strikingly, over this long duration study period, this statistically significant increase in total culturable Vibrio spp. concentrations does not appear to be correlated with changes in salinity, temperature, or dissolved oxygen, the three most commonly cited influential factors that predict estuarine Vibrio spp. abundance. Furthermore, shorter term (~3 years) data on specific Vibrio species (V. vulnificus and V. parahaemolyticus)show that while Vibrio spp. are increasing overall as a genus, the numbers of some key potentially pathogenic species are decreasing as a part of the total population, further supporting the concept that quantification of the entire genus is not a worthwhile use of resources toward predicting levels of specific potentially pathogenic species of public health concern. The significant increase in this concentration of Vibrio spp. in the studied estuary appears to be related to nitrogen and carbon in the system, indicating a continued need for further research.
The Impact of National Culture on Innovation A Comparative Analysis between Developed and Developing Nations during the Pre and Post Crisis Period 2007_2021
Creators: name: Lee, Han-Sol
name: Chernikov, Sergey U.
name: Nagy, Szabolcs
name: Degtereva, Ekaterina A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Economics (econ.GN)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This empirical study investigates the impact of the Hofstede cultural dimensions (HCD) on the Global Innovation Index (GII) scores in four different years (2007, 2009, 2019 and 2021) to compare the impacts during the pre- and post-crisis (financial and COVID-19) period by employing ordinary least square (OLS) and robust least square (Robust) analyses. The purpose of this study is to identify the impact of cultural factors on the innovation development for different income groups during the pre- and post-crisis period. We found that, in general, the same cultural properties were required for countries to enhance innovation inputs and outputs regardless of pre- and post-crisis periods and time variances. The significant cultural factors (driving forces) of the innovation performance do not change over time. However, our empirical results revealed that not the crisis itself but the income group (either developed or developing) is the factor that influences the relationship between cultural properties and innovation. It is also worth noting that cultural properties have lost much of their impact on innovation, particularly in developing countries, during recent periods. It is highly likely that in terms of innovation, no cultural development or change can significantly impact the innovation output of developing countries without the construction of the appropriate systems.
description: Keywords Hofstede cultural dimensions (HCD); Global Innovation Index (GII); financial crisis; COVID-19; comparative analysis
Gate-tunable Lifshitz transition of Fermi arcs and its nonlocal transport signatures
Creators: name: Zheng, Yue
name: Chen, Wei
name: Wan, Xiangang
name: Xing, D. Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One hallmark of the Weyl semimetal is the emergence of Fermi arcs (FAs) in the surface Brillouin zone that connect the projected Weyl nodes of opposite chirality. The unclosed FAs can give rise to various exotic effects that have attracted tremendous research interest. The configurations of the FAs are usually thought to be determined fully by the band topology of the bulk states, which seems impossible to manipulate. Here, we show that the FAs can be simply modified by a surface gate voltage. Because the penetration length of the surface states depends on the in-plane momentum, a surface gate voltage induces an effective energy dispersion. As a result, a continuous deformation of the surface band can be implemented by tuning the surface gate voltage. In particular, as the saddle point of the surface band meets the Fermi energy, the topological Lifshitz transition takes place for the FAs, during which the Weyl nodes switch their partners connected by the FAs. Accordingly, the magnetic Weyl orbits composed of the FAs on opposite surfaces and chiral Landau bands inside the bulk change its configurations. We show that such an effect can be probed by the nonlocal transport measurements in a magnetic field, in which the switch on and off of the nonlocal conductance by the surface gate voltage signals the Lifshitz transition. Our work opens a new route for manipulating the FAs by surface gates and exploring novel transport phenomena associated with the topological Lifshitz transition.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures
CNOT circuits need little help to implement arbitrary Hadamard-free Clifford transformations they generate
Creators: name: Maslov, Dmitri
name: Yang, Willers
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Emerging Technologies (cs.ET)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A Hadamard-free Clifford transformation is a circuit composed of quantum Phase (P), CZ, and CNOT gates. It is known that such a circuit can be written as a three-stage computation, -P-CZ-CNOT-, where each stage consists only of gates of the specified type. In this paper, we focus on the minimization of circuit depth by entangling gates, corresponding to the important time-to-solution metric and the reduction of noise due to decoherence. We consider two popular connectivity maps: Linear Nearest Neighbor (LNN) and all-to-all. First, we show that a Hadamard-free Clifford operation can be implemented over LNN in depth $5n$, i.e., in the same depth as the -CNOT- stage alone. This allows us to implement arbitrary Clifford transformation over LNN in depth no more than $7n{-}4$, improving the best previous upper bound of $9n$. Second, we report heuristic evidence that on average a random uniformly distributed Hadamard-free Clifford transformation over $n{>}6$ qubits can be implemented with only a tiny additive overhead over all-to-all connected architecture compared to the best-known depth-optimized implementation of the -CNOT- stage alone. This suggests the reduction of the depth of Clifford circuits from $2n\,{+}\,O(\log^2(n))$ to $1.5n\,{+}\,O(\log^2(n))$ over unrestricted architectures.
Deviations from Boltzmann-Gibbs equilibrium in confined optical lattices
Creators: name: Dechant, Andreas
name: Kessler, David A.
name: Barkai, Eli
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cold atoms in dissipative optical lattices have long been known to exhibit anomalous kinetics due to an effective nonlinear friction force. Here we show that confining the spatial motion of the atoms will lead to an anomalous non-Boltzmann-Gibbs equilibrium state, with a power law tail at large energies. Only in the limit of deep optical lattices, do we regain the Boltzmann-Gibbs state. For strong confinement relative to the damping, we find an explicit expression for the equilibrium phase-space distribution, which generally differs from the canonical Boltzmann-Gibbs state at all energies. Both in the low and high energy limits, the equilibrium distribution is a function of the system's Hamiltonian. At intermediate energies, however, the distribution is not a function of energy only and equipartition is violated.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
Additional file 1 of Teaming up to traverse loneliness: a co-creative journey toward a home care work model for supporting social participation among older adults
Creators: name: Nordin, Therese
name: Coe, Anna-Britt
name: Nilsson, Ingeborg
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Appendix 1.
Standardized data quality acceptance criteria for a rapid Escherichia coli qPCR method (Draft Method C) for water quality monitoring at recreational beaches
Creators: name: Sivaganesan, M.
name: Oshima, K.
name: Kleinheinz, G.
name: Rediske, R.
name: Dorevitch, S.
name: Rosenberg, S.
name: Aw, T.G.
name: Southwell, B.
name: Siefring, S.
name: Dreelin, E.
name: Sivy, T.
name: Weberman, B.
name: Isaacs, N.
name: Kinzelman, J.
name: Aslan, A.
name: Briggs, S.
name: Haugland, R.
name: Scull, B.
name: Noble, R.
name: Shrestha, A.
Publisher: name: Elsevier Ltd
Year: 2019

description: There is growing interest in the application of rapid quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and other PCR-based methods for recreational water quality monitoring and management programs. This interest has strengthened given the publication of U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)-validated qPCR methods for enterococci fecal indicator bacteria (FIB) and has extended to similar methods for Escherichia coli (E. coli) FIB. Implementation of qPCR-based methods in monitoring programs can be facilitated by confidence in the quality of the data produced by these methods. Data quality can be determined through the establishment of a series of specifications that should reflect good laboratory practice. Ideally, these specifications will also account for the typical variability of data coming from multiple users of the method. This study developed proposed standardized data quality acceptance criteria that were established for important calibration model parameters and/or controls from a new qPCR method for E. coli (EPA Draft Method C) based upon data that was generated by 21 laboratories. Each laboratory followed a standardized protocol utilizing the same prescribed reagents and reference and control materials. After removal of outliers, statistical modeling based on a hierarchical Bayesian method was used to establish metrics for assay standard curve slope, intercept and lower limit of quantification that included between-laboratory, replicate testing within laboratory, and random error variability. A nested analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to establish metrics for calibrator/positive control, negative control, and replicate sample analysis data. These data acceptance criteria should help those who may evaluate the technical quality of future findings from the method, as well as those who might use the method in the future. Furthermore, these benchmarks and the approaches described for determining them may be helpful to method users seeking to establish comparable laboratory-specific criteria if changes in the reference and/or control materials must be made.
The Effects of Hofstede's Cultural Dimensions on Pro-Environmental Behaviour: How Culture Influences Environmentally Conscious Behaviour
Creators: name: Nagy, Szabolcs
name: Molnarne, Csilla Konyha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Economics (econ.GN)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: The need for a more sustainable lifestyle is a key focus for several countries. Using a questionnaire survey conducted in Hungary, this paper examines how culture influences environmentally conscious behaviour. Having investigated the direct impact of Hofstedes cultural dimensions on pro-environmental behaviour, we found that the culture of a country hardly affects actual environmentally conscious behaviour. The findings indicate that only individualism and power distance have a significant but weak negative impact on pro-environmental behaviour. Based on the findings, we can state that a positive change in culture is a necessary but not sufficient condition for making a country greener.
description: Keywords: pro-environmental behavior, culture, Hofstedes cultural dimensions, Hungary, individualism, power distance
“Debt in the Scales: Mechanics and Metaphor in the ancient Mediterranean,” Mètis N.S. 21: 1-33.
Creators: name: de Boer, Luuk
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 430305
subject: Classical Greek and Roman history

description: There are two histories of the scales in the ancient Mediterranean, leading parallel lives in scholarship: one on the physical scales of commerce as a technical instrument, and another on the metaphorical scales of justice as expressive of the idea of equilibrium. Instead of confirming this division and abiding by a separation of idea and artefact, this article takes the instrument of the scales and the idea of equilibrium in antiquity as an example of their inextricability. To demonstrate this unity, the extant evidence on the implement of the scales is examined as it appears in the archaeological and textual record of the ancient Mediterranean from the third millennium BCE to the first millennium CE, in close conjunction with conceptions of justice, debt, and imbalance. The study can uncover the scales’ cross-cultural import, which resides in its close connection to a worldview it has helped to produce: able to render dissimilar things equivalent, the balance makes all objects potentially exchangeable.
ImageCAS: A Large-Scale Dataset and Benchmark for Coronary Artery Segmentation based on Computed Tomography Angiography Images
Creators: name: Zeng, An
name: Wu, Chunbiao
name: Huang, Meiping
name: Zhuang, Jian
name: Bi, Shanshan
name: Pan, Dan
name: Ullah, Najeeb
name: Khan, Kaleem Nawaz
name: Wang, Tianchen
name: Shi, Yiyu
name: Li, Xiaomeng
name: Lin, Guisen
name: Xu, Xiaowei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) accounts for about half of non-communicable diseases. Vessel stenosis in the coronary artery is considered to be the major risk of CVD. Computed tomography angiography (CTA) is one of the widely used noninvasive imaging modalities in coronary artery diagnosis due to its superior image resolution. Clinically, segmentation of coronary arteries is essential for the diagnosis and quantification of coronary artery disease. Recently, a variety of works have been proposed to address this problem. However, on one hand, most works rely on in-house datasets, and only a few works published their datasets to the public which only contain tens of images. On the other hand, their source code have not been published, and most follow-up works have not made comparison with existing works, which makes it difficult to judge the effectiveness of the methods and hinders the further exploration of this challenging yet critical problem in the community. In this paper, we propose a large-scale dataset for coronary artery segmentation on CTA images. In addition, we have implemented a benchmark in which we have tried our best to implement several typical existing methods. Furthermore, we propose a strong baseline method which combines multi-scale patch fusion and two-stage processing to extract the details of vessels. Comprehensive experiments show that the proposed method achieves better performance than existing works on the proposed large-scale dataset. The benchmark and the dataset are published at https://github.com/XiaoweiXu/ImageCAS-A-Large-Scale-Dataset-and-Benchmark-for-Coronary-Artery-Segmentation-based-on-CT.
description: 17 pages, 12 figures, 4 tables
Evaluation of multiple laboratory performance and variability in analysis of recreational freshwaters by a rapid Escherichia coli qPCR method (Draft Method C)
Creators: name: Shrestha, A.
name: Kinzelman, J.
name: Kleinheinz, G.
name: Oshima, K.
name: Briggs, S.
name: Southwell, B.
name: Sivaganesan, M.
name: Aslan, A.
name: Noble, R.
name: Rosenberg, S.
name: Aw, T.G.
name: Scull, B.
name: Sivy, T.
name: Dreelin, E.
name: Rediske, R.
name: Haugland, R.
name: Weberman, B.
name: Isaacs, N.
name: Siefring, S.,
name: Dorevitch, S.
Publisher: name: Elsevier Ltd
Year: 2019

description: There is interest in the application of rapid quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) methods for recreational freshwater quality monitoring of the fecal indicator bacteria Escherichia coli (E. coli). In this study we determined the performance of 21 laboratories in meeting proposed, standardized data quality acceptance (QA) criteria and the variability of target gene copy estimates from these laboratories in analyses of 18 shared surface water samples by a draft qPCR method developed by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) for E. coli. The participating laboratories ranged from academic and government laboratories with more extensive qPCR experience to “new” water quality and public health laboratories with relatively little previous experience in most cases. Failures to meet QA criteria for the method were observed in 24% of the total 376 test sample analyses. Of these failures, 39% came from two of the “new” laboratories. Likely factors contributing to QA failures included deviations in recommended procedures for the storage and preparation of reference and control materials. A master standard curve calibration model was also found to give lower overall variability in log10 target gene copy estimates than the delta-delta Ct (ΔΔCt) calibration model used in previous EPA qPCR methods. However, differences between the mean estimates from the two models were not significant and variability between laboratories was the greatest contributor to overall method variability in either case. Study findings demonstrate the technical feasibility of multiple laboratories implementing this or other qPCR water quality monitoring methods with similar data quality acceptance criteria but suggest that additional practice and/or assistance may be valuable, even for some more generally experienced qPCR laboratories. Special attention should be placed on providing and following explicit guidance on the preparation, storage and handling of reference and control materials.
Real-time simulation of viscoelastic tissue behavior with physics-guided deep learning
Creators: name: Karami, Mohammad
name: Lombaert, Hervé
name: Rivest-Hénault, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Tissues and Organs (q-bio.TO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Finite element methods (FEM) are popular approaches for simulation of soft tissues with elastic or viscoelastic behavior. However, their usage in real-time applications, such as in virtual reality surgical training, is limited by computational cost. In this application scenario, which typically involves transportable simulators, the computing hardware severely constrains the size or the level of details of the simulated scene. To address this limitation, data-driven approaches have been suggested to simulate mechanical deformations by learning the mapping rules from FEM generated datasets. Herein, we propose a deep learning method for predicting displacement fields of soft tissues with viscoelastic properties. The main contribution of this work is the use of a physics-guided loss function for the optimization of the deep learning model parameters. The proposed deep learning model is based on convolutional (CNN) and recurrent layers (LSTM) to predict spatiotemporal variations. It is augmented with a mass conservation law in the lost function to prevent the generation of physically inconsistent results. The deep learning model is trained on a set of FEM datasets that are generated from a commercially available state-of-the-art numerical neurosurgery simulator. The use of the physics-guided loss function in a deep learning model has led to a better generalization in the prediction of deformations in unseen simulation cases. Moreover, the proposed method achieves a better accuracy over the conventional CNN models, where improvements were observed in unseen tissue from 8% to 30% depending on the magnitude of external forces. It is hoped that the present investigation will help in filling the gap in applying deep learning in virtual reality simulators, hence improving their computational performance (compared to FEM simulations) and ultimately their usefulness.
Vibrio ecology in the Neuse River Estuary, North Carolina, characterized by next-generation amplicon sequencing of the gene encoding heat shock protein 60 (hsp60)
Creators: name: Noble, R.T.
name: Jesser, K.J.
Publisher: name: American Society for Microbiology
Year: 2018

description: Of marine eubacteria, the genus Vibrio is intriguing because member species are relevant to both marine ecology and human health. Many studies have touted the relationships of Vibrio to environmental factors, especially temperature and salinity, to predict total Vibrio abundance but lacked the taxonomic resolution to identify the relationships among species and the key drivers of Vibrio dynamics. To improve next-generation sequencing (NGS) surveys of Vibrio, we have conducted both 16S small subunit rRNA and heat shock protein 60 (hsp60) amplicon sequencing of water samples collected at two well-studied locations in the Neuse River Estuary, NC. Samples were collected between May and December 2016 with enhanced sampling efforts in response to two named storms. Using hsp60 sequences, 21 Vibrio species were identified, including the potential human pathogens V. cholerae, V. parahaemolyticus, and V. vulnificus. Changes in the Vibrio community mirrored seasonal and storm-related changes in the water column, especially in response to an influx of nutrient-rich freshwater to the estuary after Hurricane Matthew, which initiated dramatic changes in the overall Vibrio community. Individual species dynamics were wide ranging, indicating that individual Vibrio taxa have unique ecologies and that total Vibrio abundance predictors are insufficient for risk assessments of potentially pathogenic species. Positive relationships between Vibrio, dinoflagellates, and Cyanobacteria were identified, as were intraspecies associations, which further illuminated the interactions of cooccurring Vibrio taxa along environmental gradients.