cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Эволюция полей деформаций и фильтрационных параметров породных массивов в зонах возможных разрушений в окрестности глубоких скважин
Creators: name: Ельцов Игорь Николаевич
name: Назаров Лариса Алексеевна
name: Назарова Леонид Анатольевич
name: Эпов Михаил Иванович
Publisher: name: Физическая мезомеханика
Year: 2010
Subjects: ГЕОМЕХАНИЧЕСКИЕ ПРОЦЕССЫ
ПРИСКВАЖИННАЯ ЗОНА
ФИЛЬТРАЦИОННЫЕ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКИ
НАПРЯЖЕНИЕ
УПРУГОПЛАСТИЧЕСКАЯ СРЕДА С ДИЛАТАНСИЕЙ
НЕОБРАТИМАЯ ДЕФОРМАЦИЯ
МАТЕМАТИЧЕСКОЕ МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЕ

description: На результаты геофизических измерений в скважинах существенное влияние оказывают геомеханические процессы. Поведение геофизических полей в нарушенном бурением массиве горных пород имеет особенности, которые необходимо учитывать при интерпретации данных геофизических измерений. Нефтегазовые скважины в Западной и Восточной Сибири достигают глубин 3-4 км, вызывая нарушение естественного равновесия породного массива и формирование зон повышенных напряжений. Это обусловливает нарушение структуры околоскважинного пространства и изменение его фильтрационных характеристик, что необходимо принимать во внимание как при геофизических исследованиях в скважине акустическими, электрическими и электромагнитными методами, так и при последующей эксплуатации. В работе выполнена количественная оценка размеров и конфигурации зон возможных разрушений, полей деформаций и вариации фильтрационных параметров в окрестности скважин в зависимости от глубины, прочностных свойств пород и величины горизонтальных напряжений во внешнем поле.
Universality in Efimov associated tetramers in 4He
Creators: name: Hiyama, E.
name: Kamimura, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculated, using seven realistic 4He-4He potentials in the literature, the Efimov spectra of the 4He trimer and tetramer and analyzed the universality of the systems. The three-(four-)body Schroedinger equations were solved fully nonadiabatically with the high-precision calculation method employed in our previous work on the 4He trimer and tetramer [Phys. Rev. A 85, 022502 (2012); 85, 062505 (2012)]. We found the following universality in the four-boson system: i) The critical scattering lengths at which the tetramer ground and excited states couple to the four-body threshold are independent of the choice of the two-body realistic potentials in spite of the difference in the short-range details and do not contradict the corresponding values observed in the experiments in ultracold alkali atoms when scaled with the van der Waals length r_vdW, and ii) the four-body hyperradial potential has a repulsive barrier at the four-body hyperradius R_4 \approx 3 r_vdW, which prevents the four particles from getting close together to explore nonuniversal features of the interactions at short distances. This result is an extension of the universality in Efimov trimers that the appearance of the repulsive barrier at the three-body hyperradius R_3 \approx 2 r_vdW makes the critical scattering lengths independent of the short-range details of the interactions as reported in the literature and also in the present work for the 4He trimer with the realistic potentials.
description: 10 pages, 10 figures, version accepted for publication in Physical Review A
Differentiated instruction for students with learning difficulties in senior-secondary Australian schools: an inquiry of teacher attitudes and self-efficacy
Creators: name: Porta, Tom
Publisher: name: University of Southern Queensland
Year: 2023
Subjects: differentiated instruction
inclusion
senior-secondary education
teacher attitudes
teacher self-efficacy
learning difficulties

description: Differentiated instruction (DI), a framework that promotes inclusive education, is a praxis for effective teaching that has shown promise in increasing the educational outcomes for students, particularly with learning difficulties. While DI is promoted as a practice for all students, little is known about DI application for students with learning difficulties in senior-secondary schools in Australia. Given DIs success in catering for student diversity, it was pertinent to explore teachers’ application and use of DI, and the factors that influence the provision of DI in teachers’ senior-secondary classrooms. This is important as students with learning difficulties have decreased post-school outcomes, therefore there was a need to explore ways this could be minimised. The aim of this study was to explore teacher attitudes and self-efficacy and the factors that shape these, towards DI. The DI framework by Tomlinson (2014) and conceptual framework created from the current literature in DI, underpin this study. A social constructionist paradigm was utilised to give the researcher a clear position in the study. Similarly, a case study methodology was used, which led to a total of twelve semi-structured interviews with senior-secondary teachers of various characteristics, across three schools and two Australian states. Data were analysed using a reflexive thematic analysis approach by Braun and Clarke (2021). Results reflected that due to the significant constraints, DI is being viewed as a special education practice. Likewise, teacher self-efficacy is born from seeing students achieve in a differentiated classroom and having respectful relationships with students. Practical and sustained experience in DI is needed for teachers to develop greater self-efficacy in DI and a positive attitude towards the framework. Implications for theory and practice were outlined.
Resurrecting light stops after the 125 GeV Higgs in the baryon number violating CMSSM
Creators: name: Chamoun, N.
name: Dreiner, H. K.
name: Staub, F.
name: Stefaniak, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In order to accommodate the observed Higgs boson mass in the CMSSM, the stops must either be very heavy or the mixing in the stop sector must be very large. Lower stop masses, possibly more accessible at the LHC, still give the correct Higgs mass only if the trilinear stop mixing parameter $|A_t|$ is in the multi-TeV range. Recently it has been shown that such large stop mixing leads to an unstable electroweak vacuum which spontaneously breaks charge or colour. In this work we therefore go beyond the CMSSM and investigate the effects of including baryon number violating operators $λ'' \bar{\bf U} \bar{\bf D}\bar{\bf D}$ on the stop and Higgs sectors. We find that for $λ'' \simeq {\mathcal{O}}(0.3)$ light stop masses as low as 220 GeV are consistent with the observed Higgs mass as well as flavour constraints while allowing for a stable vacuum. The light stop in this scenario is often the lightest supersymmetric particle. We furthermore discuss the importance of the one-loop corrections involving R-parity violating couplings for a valid prediction of the light stop masses.
description: 26 pages, 9 figures; v2: slightly extended discussion about bounds from flavour observables; matches published version
Necessity of Trained Teachers for The Improvement of Teacher Learning Process in School Level As Per NEP 2020
Creators: name: Pinaki Roy
name: Dr.Debashis Dhar
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Trained teachers play a vital role in the education system, serving as catalysts for student learning and development. Their expertise and dedication are essential for creating an effective and engaging learning environment. A well-trained teacher possesses the knowledge,skills, and pedagogical strategies necessary to deliver quality education, cater to diverse student needs,and foster positive academic and personal growth.
description: IJSRED - International Journal of Scientific Research and Engineering Development
title: Brief von Kurt Rothschild an Alois Riklin
Creators: name: Rothschild, Kurt W.
Year: 2017

description: Datum ermittelt mit Hilfe des Briefes von A. Riklin an K. Rothschild (Sign.: R/B.4.173 ). - Kopie gedruckt auf der leeren Rückseite eines älteren Lebenslaufs von Kurt Rothschild. Darin enthalten auch die Liste der veröffentlichten Bücher bis 1993, wie z.B. : The Theory of Wages (1954), Power in Economics (1971), Bestimmungsgründe der Lohnbewegung (1972), Einfühung in die Ungleichgewichtstheorie (1981), Theorien der Arbeitslosigkeit (1988), Ethik und Wirtschaftstheorie (1992), Economic Theory (1993), Employment, Wages and Income Distribution (1993).
description: Typoskript, 1 Blatt
Thermodynamics of quantum photon spheres
Creators: name: Baldiotti, M. C.
name: Elias, Walace S.
name: Molina, C.
name: Pereira, Thiago S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Photon spheres, surfaces where massless particles are confined in closed orbits, are expected to be common astrophysical structures surrounding ultracompact objects. In this paper a semiclassical treatment of a photon sphere is proposed. We consider the quantum Maxwell field and derive its energy spectra. A thermodynamic approach for the quantum photon sphere is developed and explored. Within this treatment, an expression for the spectral energy density of the emitted radiation is presented. Our results suggest that photon spheres, when thermalized with their environment, have nonusual thermodynamic properties, which could lead to distinct observational signatures.
description: Published version
Microscopic description of neutron emission rates in compound nuclei
Creators: name: Zhu, Yi
name: Pei, Junchen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The neutron emission rates in thermal excited nuclei are conventionally described by statistical models with a phenomenological level density parameter that depends on excitation energies, deformations and mass regions. In the microscopic view of hot nuclei, the neutron emission rates can be determined by the external neutron gas densities without any free parameters. Therefore the microscopic description of thermal neutron emissions is desirable that can impact several understandings such as survival probabilities of superheavy compound nuclei and neutron emissivity in reactors. To describe the neutron emission rates microscopically, the external thermal neutron gases are self-consistently obtained based on the Finite-Temperature Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov (FT-HFB) approach. The results are compared with the statistical model to explore the connections between the FT-HFB approach and the statistical model. The Skyrme FT-HFB equation is solved by HFB-AX in deformed coordinate spaces. Based on the FT-HFB approach, the thermal properties and external neutron gas are properly described with the self-consistent gas substraction procedure. Then neutron emission rates can be obtained based on the densities of external neutron gases. The thermal statistical properties of $^{238}$U and $^{258}$U are studied in detail in terms of excitation energies. The thermal neutron emission rates in $^{238, 258}$U and superheavy compound nuclei $_{112}^{278}$Cn and $_{114}^{292}$Fl are calculated, which agree well with the statistical model by adopting an excitation-energy-dependent level density parameter. The coordinate-space FT-HFB approach can provide reliable microscopic descriptions of neutron emission rates in hot nuclei, as well as microscopic constraints on the excitation energy dependence of level density parameters for statistical models.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures, revised and accepted for PRC
Supplementary document for Polarization-independent bound state in the continuum without the help of rotational symmetry - 6569234.pdf
Creators: name: FENG, JIXIN
name: Wang, Xianghui
name: Cheng, Jie -Rong
name: zeng, ming
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: The evolutions of near-field electric and magnetic distributions for QBIC1 and QBIC2;The polarization-independent of dielectric tetramer cubes with different asymmetry; etc.
A comparison of integrated testlet and constructed-response question formats
Creators: name: Slepkov, Aaron D.
name: Shiell, Ralph C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Constructed-response (CR) questions are a mainstay of introductory physics textbooks and exams. However, because of time, cost, and scoring reliability constraints associated with this format, CR questions are being increasingly replaced by multiple-choice (MC) questions in formal exams. The integrated testlet (IT) is a recently-developed question structure designed to provide a proxy of the pedagogical advantages of CR questions while procedurally functioning as set of MC questions. ITs utilize an answer-until-correct response format that provides immediate confirmatory or corrective feedback, and they thus allow not only for the granting of partial credit in cases of initially incorrect reasoning, but furthermore the ability to build cumulative question structures. Here, we report on a study that directly compares the functionality of ITs and CR questions in introductory physics exams. To do this, CR questions were converted to concept-equivalent ITs, and both sets of questions were deployed in midterm and final exams. We find that both question types provide adequate discrimination between stronger and weaker students, with CR questions discriminating slightly better than the ITs. Meanwhile, an analysis of inter-rater scoring of the CR questions raises serious concerns about the reliability of the granting of partial credit when this traditional assessment technique is used in a realistic (but non optimized) setting. Furthermore, we show evidence that partial credit is granted in a valid manner in the ITs. Thus, together with consideration of the vastly reduced costs of administering IT-based examinations compared to CR-based examinations, our findings indicate that ITs are viable replacements for CR questions in formal examinations where it is desirable to both assess concept integration and to reward partial knowledge, while efficiently scoring examinations.
description: 14 pages, 3 figures, with appendix. Accepted for publication in PRST-PER (August 2014)
Pseudomyrma maculata
Creators: name: Smith, Frederick
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1855
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Formicidae
Pseudomyrma
Pseudomyrma maculata

description: Sp. 4. Pseudomyrma maculata. Worker. - Length 3 lines. Head, antennae, thorax and legs pale ferruginous; a small fuscous spot on the vertex, enclosing the ocelli; the eyes, a stripe down the middle of the metathorax, not reaching the apex, fuscous; the femora above, and the posterior tibiae and tarsi, slightly fuscous; the petiole and first node of the abdomen pale ferruginous; the second node and the abdomen fuscous, and covered with a fine sericeous pile; the extreme apex rufo-testaceous; the apical segment has a number of long fuscous hairs; the head and thorax have a similar fine pile to that on the abdomen. The habitat of this species is Brazil. In my own Collection.
description: Published as part of Smith, Frederick, 1855, Descriptions of some species of Brazilian ants belonging to the genera Pseudomyrma, Eciton and Myrmica (with observations on their economy by Mr. H. W. Bates), pp. 156-169 in Transactions of the Entomological Society of London (2) 3 on pages 158-159, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10243
How do speech and language therapists enact aphasia psychosocial support in Ireland? A cross-sectional online survey informed by normalization process theory
Creators: name: Manning, Molly
name: Cleary, Caoimhe
name: McCaughey, Caitriona
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 42
subject: Health sciences
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Background: Supporting psychosocial well-being in aphasia is necessarily person-centred, interdisciplinary and coordinated. Shortcomings in such support are described in Ireland and elsewhere. Speech and language therapists (SLTs) are integral; and describing current practice and barriers they experience is important for enhancing service delivery. Aims: To understand how SLTs enact, and are supported to enact, aphasia psychosocial care in Ireland. Methods & Procedures: This is a cross-sectional, online, self-administered clinician survey targeting SLTs working minimally 1 year post-qualification with persons with aphasia of any aetiology in Ireland. The survey questions were charted against key constructs of the implementation science framework, normalization process theory (NPT), and descriptive statistics were applied. Outcomes & Results: A total of 54 eligible datasets were included. SLTs believed psychosocial support to be part of their role, but perceived multiple barriers in enacting it. These included a lack of training, clinical supervision, management support, role recognition, and access to and joint working with mental health professionals and services. Conclusions & Implications: SLTs in Ireland face a range of individual and structural barriers, including care coordination and resourcing. There is a clear need not only for training, upskilling and mentorship, but also for wider changes around access to mental health professionals and clarity around the processes of referral, coordination and integration of aphasia care across settings. These findings comprise preliminary insights into current practices. Further research is needed as well as clarity on best-practice pathways for different aetiologies of aphasia. Articulating current practices using NPT may have utility for developing empirically informed and principled interventions to improve service delivery
Non-Gaussian inflationary shapes in $G^3$ theories beyond Horndeski
Creators: name: Fasiello, Matteo
name: Renaux-Petel, Sébastien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the possible signatures of a recently introduced class of healthy theories beyond Horndeski models on higher-order correlators of the inflationary curvature fluctuation. Despite the apparent large number and complexity of the cubic interactions, we show that the leading-order bispectrum generated by the Generalized Horndeski (also called $G^3$) interactions can be reduced to a linear combination of two well known $k$-inflationary shapes. We conjecture that said behavior is not an accident of the cubic order but a consequence dictated by the requirements on the absence of Ostrogradski instability, the general covariance and the linear dispersion relation in these theories.
description: 17 pages. Analysis expanded and some references added
Влияние теплового воздействия на эффект упрочнения образцов с тонкими усиливающими покрытиями
Creators: name: Янковский Андрей Петрович
Publisher: name: Физическая мезомеханика
Year: 2011
Subjects: ОБРАЗЦЫ С ПОКРЫТИЯМИ
ЖЕСТКИЕ ПОКРЫТИЯ
ЭФФЕКТ УПРОЧНЕНИЯ
ЭФФЕКТ РАЗУПРОЧНЕНИЯ
НЕСВЯЗАННАЯ ТЕРМОУПРУГОСТЬ
ТЕПЛОВОЕ ВОЗДЕЙСТВИЕ

description: На базе общих представлений линейной теории несвязной термоупругости сформулированы задачи расчета температурных полей и механического поведения образцов с упрочняющими покрытиями. Разработан единый численный метод интегрирования поставленных задач теплопроводности и термоупругости и проведены конкретные расчеты. Выявлено, что при наличии определенных видов температурных полей в образцах может не проявляться эффект резкого упрочнения при нанесении на его поверхности тонких высокомодульных покрытий толщиной порядка 0.1 мм, наблюдаемый, например, в естественных условиях испытаний, когда тепловое воздействие отсутствует.
Liquid-nitrogen cooled, free-running single-photon sensitive detector at telecommunication wavelengths
Creators: name: Covi, M.
name: Pressl, B.
name: Günthner, T.
name: Laiho, K.
name: Krapick, S.
name: Silberhorn, C.
name: Weihs, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The measurement of light characteristics at the single- and few photon level plays a key role in many quantum optics applications. Often photodetection is preceded with the transmission of quantum light over long distances in optical fibers with their low loss window near 1550nm. Nonetheless, the detection of the photonic states at telecommunication wavelengths via avalanche photodetectors has long been facing severe restrictions. Only recently, demonstrations of the first free-running detector techniques in the telecommunication band have lifted the demand of synchronizing the signal with the detector. Moreover, moderate cooling is required to gain single-photon sensitivity with these detectors. Here we implement a liquid-nitrogen cooled negative-feedback avalanche diode (NFAD) at telecommunication wavelengths and investigate the properties of this highly flexible, free-running single-photon sensitive detector. Our realization of cooling provides a large range of stable operating temperatures and has advantages over the relatively bulky commercial refrigerators that have been used before. We determine the region of NFAD working parameters most suitable for single-photon sensitive detection enabling a direct plug-in of our detector to a true photon counting task.
description: 7 pages, 8 figures. The final publication is available at Springer via http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00340-015-6019-y
Анализ механического поведения дисперсно-армированного нанокомпозита. Оценка локальной прочности включения, межфазного слоя и приграничного объема матрицы
Creators: name: Шилько Сергей Викторович
name: Черноус Дмитрий Анатольевич
name: Панин Сергей Викторович
Publisher: name: Физическая мезомеханика
Year: 2011
Subjects: НАНОКОМПОЗИТ
ДИСПЕРСНЫЙ НАПОЛНИТЕЛЬ
ПОЛИМЕРНАЯ МАТРИЦА
МЕЖФАЗНЫЙ СЛОЙ
ПРЕДЕЛ ТЕКУЧЕСТИ
ЭФФЕКТИВНЫЕ УПРУГИЕ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКИ

description: С использованием четырехфазной модели структуры дисперсно-наполненного композита, содержащего межфазный слой, получена расчетная оценка его предела текучести. Разработанная расчетная методика позволяет при произвольном виде нагружения найти распределение напряжений во включении, межфазном слое и приграничном объеме матрицы. В качестве критерия текучести композита выбрано условие достижения усредненным значением интенсивности тензора напряжений предела текучести материала матрицы. Усреднение производится по площади границы раздела матрицы с межфазным слоем включения. На основе разработанной методики получены расчетные зависимости относительного предела текучести наполненного композита от объемной доли наполнителя и среднего радиуса включений, которые качественно соответствуют известным из литературы экспериментальным данным.
title: Juridifying Bolsonaro’s mass deforestation policies in Brazil through the International Criminal Court
title: Chances and Challenges
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Dehnen, Elias
Publisher: name: Universitätsverlag Potsdam
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 341 Völkerrecht

description: Under Brazil's ex-president Bolsonaro, deforestation of the Amazon increased dramatically. An Austrian NGO filed a complaint to the Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court (ICC) against Bolsonaro in October 2021, accusing him of crimes against humanity against the backdrop of his involvement in environmental destruction. This paper deals with the question of whether this initi-ative constitutes a promising means of juridification to mitigate conflicts revolving around mass deforestation in Brazil. It thematizes attempts to juridify environmental destruction in international criminal law and examines the Climate Fund Case at the Brazilian Supreme Court. Finally, emerging problems and arguments in favour of starting preliminary examinations at the ICC against Bolsonaro are illuminated. This paper provides arguments as to why the initiative might be a promising undertaking, even though it is unlikely that Bolsonaro will be arrested.
description: In der Amtszeit des brasilianischen Ex-Präsidenten Bolsonaro nahm die Abholzung des Amazonasgebiets drastisch zu. Eine österreichi-sche NGO reichte im Oktober 2021 beim Anklä-ger des Internationalen Strafgerichtshofs (IStGH) eine Beschwerde gegen Bolsonaro ein, die seine Abholzungspolitik als Verbrechen gegen die Menschlichkeit einstuft. Der Beitrag behandelt die Frage, ob die Initiative ein vielversprechen-des Mittel der Verrechtlichung darstellt, um Kon-flikte rund um die Massenabholzung des Amazo-nas zu entschärfen. Dafür werden Versuche be-leuchtet, Umweltzerstörung im internationalen Strafrecht zu verrechtlichen. Zudem wird der Klimafonds-Fall vor dem Obersten Gerichtshof Brasiliens vorgestellt. Abschließend werden Probleme und Argumente für die Einleitung von Voruntersuchungen gegen Bolsonaro vor dem IStGH diskutiert. Der Beitrag liefert Argumente, weshalb die Initiative erfolgreich sein könnte, obgleich es unwahrscheinlich ist, dass Bolsonaro verhaftet wird.
description: Staat, Recht und Politik – Forschungs- und Diskussionspapiere = State, Law, and Politics - Research and Discussion Papers; 14
Full abstraction for fair testing in CCS (expanded version)
Creators: name: Hirschowitz, Tom
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In previous work with Pous, we defined a semantics for CCS which may both be viewed as an innocent form of presheaf semantics and as a concurrent form of game semantics. We define in this setting an analogue of fair testing equivalence, which we prove fully abstract w.r.t. standard fair testing equivalence. The proof relies on a new algebraic notion called playground, which represents the `rule of the game'. From any playground, we derive two languages equipped with labelled transition systems, as well as a strong, functional bisimulation between them.
description: 80 pages
Photo-responsive nanoparticles for diagnostic imaging and treatment of ectopic pregnancy
Creators: name: Moses, Abraham
name: Kadam, Leena
name: St. Lorenz, Anna
name: Baldwin, Maureen K.
name: Morgan, Terry
name: Hebert, Jessica
name: Park, Youngrong
name: Lee, Hyelim
name: Demessie, Ananiya A.
name: Korzun, Tetiana
name: Mamnoon, Babak
name: Alani, Adam W.G.
name: Taratula, Oleh
name: Myatt, Leslie
name: Taratula, Olena R.
Publisher: name: Oregon Health and Science University
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Pregnancy, Ectopic
subject: Maternal Death
subject: Methotrexate
subject: Mice
subject: Pregnancy
subject: Theranostic Nanomedicine
subject: EP

description: Ectopic pregnancy (EP) - the abnormal implantation of an embryo, often in the fallopian tube - remains the leading cause of maternal death in the ﬁrst trimester of pregnancy. Current diagnostic modalities including human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) quantﬁcation and ultrasonography are eﬀective but may still misdiagnose EP in many cases.
A heuristic for the distribution of point counts for random curves over a finite field
Creators: name: Achter, Jeffrey D.
name: Erman, Daniel
name: Kedlaya, Kiran S.
name: Wood, Melanie Matchett
name: Zureick-Brown, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: How many rational points are there on a random algebraic curve of large genus $g$ over a given finite field $\mathbb{F}_q$? We propose a heuristic for this question motivated by a (now proven) conjecture of Mumford on the cohomology of moduli spaces of curves; this heuristic suggests a Poisson distribution with mean $q+1+1/(q-1)$. We prove a weaker version of this statement in which $g$ and $q$ tend to infinity, with $q$ much larger than $g$.
description: 16 pages; v2: refereed version, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A 2015
Pseudomyrma sericata
Creators: name: Smith, Frederick
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1855
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Formicidae
Pseudomyrma
Pseudomyrma sericata

description: Sp. 5. Pseudomyrma sericata. Worker.-Length 3.5 lines. Black, thickly covered with fine short silky pubescence; the anterior margin of the face and the mandibles testaceous-yellow; the antennae rufo-testaceous, the flagellum sometimes slightly fuscous above; the legs testaceous, the anterior tibise and tarsi pale: the prothorax and margins of the scutellum rufo-testaceous; the petiole of the abdomen is of the same colour as the prothorax. This species is also from Brazil. In my own Collection.
description: Published as part of Smith, Frederick, 1855, Descriptions of some species of Brazilian ants belonging to the genera Pseudomyrma, Eciton and Myrmica (with observations on their economy by Mr. H. W. Bates), pp. 156-169 in Transactions of the Entomological Society of London (2) 3 on page 159, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10243
Decidability Results for the Boundedness Problem
Creators: name: Blumensath, Achim
name: Otto, Martin
name: Weyer, Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We prove decidability of the boundedness problem for monadic least fixed-point recursion based on positive monadic second-order (MSO) formulae over trees. Given an MSO-formula phi(X,x) that is positive in X, it is decidable whether the fixed-point recursion based on phi is spurious over the class of all trees in the sense that there is some uniform finite bound for the number of iterations phi takes to reach its least fixed point, uniformly across all trees. We also identify the exact complexity of this problem. The proof uses automata-theoretic techniques. This key result extends, by means of model-theoretic interpretations, to show decidability of the boundedness problem for MSO and guarded second-order logic (GSO) over the classes of structures of fixed finite tree-width. Further model-theoretic transfer arguments allow us to derive major known decidability results for boundedness for fragments of first-order logic as well as new ones.
${}^{\ \ \ 6}_{ΛΛ} He$ in cluster effective field theory
Creators: name: Ando, Shung-Ichi
name: Oh, Yongseok
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The hypernucleus $\nuclide[6][ΛΛ]{He}$ is studied as a three-body ($ΛΛα$) cluster system in cluster effective field theory at leading order. We find that the three-body contact interaction exhibits the limit cycle when the cutoff in the integral equations is sent to the asymptotic limit, and thus it should be promoted to leading order. We also derive a determination equation of the limit cycle which reproduces the numerically obtained limit cycle. We then study the correlations between the double $Λ$ separation energy $B_{ΛΛ}^{}$ of $\nuclide[6][ΛΛ]{He}$ and the scattering length $a_{ΛΛ}^{}$ of the $S$-wave $ΛΛ$ scattering. The role of the scale in this approach is also discussed.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, REVTeX, to be published in Phys. Rev. C
$J_{eff}=1/2$ Mott Insulating State in Rh and Ir Fluorides
Creators: name: Birol, Turan
name: Haule, Kristjan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Discovery of new transition metal compounds with large spin orbit coupling (SOC) coexisting with strong electron-electron correlation among the $d$ electrons is essential for understanding the physics that emerges from the interplay of these two effects. In this study, we predict a novel class of $J_{eff}=1/2$ Mott insulators in a family of fluoride compounds that are previously synthesized, but not characterized extensively. First principles calculations in the level of all electron Density Functional Theory + Dynamical Mean Field Theory (DFT+DMFT) indicate that these compounds have large Mott gaps and some of them exhibit unprecedented proximity to the ideal, $SU(2)$ symmetric $J_{eff}=1/2$ limit.
Magnetic induction tomography using an all-optical $^{87}$Rb atomic magnetometer
Creators: name: Wickenbrock, Arne
name: Jurgilas, Sarunas
name: Dow, Albert
name: Marmugi, Luca
name: Renzoni, Ferruccio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate Magnetic Induction Tomography (MIT) with an all-optical atomic magnetometer. Our instrument creates a conductivity map of conductive objects. Both shape and size of the imaged samples compare very well with the actual shape and size. Given the potential of all-optical atomic magnetometers for miniaturization and extreme sensitivity, the proof-of-principle presented here opens up promising avenues in the development of instrumentation for magnetic induction tomography.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures. Minor modifications, typos amended, references to f_ac and f_dc inserted in Fig. 1
Formation of a New Archetypal Metal-Organic Framework from a Simple Monatomic Liquid
Creators: name: Metere, Alfredo
name: Oleynikov, Peter
name: Dzugutov, Mikhail
name: O'Keeffe, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a molecular-dynamics simulation of a single-component system of particles interacting via a spherically symmetric potential that is found to form, upon cooling from a liquid state, a low-density porous crystalline phase. Its structure analysis demonstrates that the crystal can be described by a net with a topology that belongs to the class of topologies characteristic of the metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). The observed net is new, and it is now included in the Reticular Chemistry Structure Resource database (RCSR). The observation that a net topology characteristic of MOF crystals, which are known to be formed by a coordination-driven self-assembly process, can be reproduced by a thermodynamically stable configuration of a simple single-component system of particles opens a possibility of using these models in studies of MOF nets. It also indicates that structures with MOF topology, as well as other low-density porous crystalline structures can possibly be produced in colloidal systems of spherical particles, with an appropriate tuning of interparticle interaction.
description: 7 pages, 8 figures, color, submitted to JCP
Pseudomyrma elegans
Creators: name: Smith, Frederick
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1855
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Formicidae
Pseudomyrma
Pseudomyrma elegans

description: Sp. 6. Pseudomyrma elegans. Worker.-Length 3 lines. The head and abdomen black; the scape in front, the base of the flagellum, the anterior margin of the face and the mandibles, ferruginous: the thorax, legs and nodes of the abdomen, ferruginous; the apical joints of the tarsi slightly fuscous; the entire insect destitute of pubescence. This species was captured by Mr. Bates, at Para. In my own Collection.
description: Published as part of Smith, Frederick, 1855, Descriptions of some species of Brazilian ants belonging to the genera Pseudomyrma, Eciton and Myrmica (with observations on their economy by Mr. H. W. Bates), pp. 156-169 in Transactions of the Entomological Society of London (2) 3 on page 159, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10243
High pressure superconducting phase diagram of 6Li: anomalous isotope effects in dense lithium
Creators: name: Schaeffer, Anne Marie J.
name: Temple, Scott R.
name: Bishop, Jasmine K.
name: Deemyad, Shanti
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the superconducting transition temperature of 6Li between 16-26 GPa, the lightest system to exhibit superconductivity to date. The superconducting phase diagram of 6Li is compared to that of 7Li through simultaneous measurement in a diamond anvil cell (DAC) 1, 2. Below 21.5 GPa, Li exhibits a direct, but unusually large isotope effect, while between 21.5-26 GPa, lithium shows an inverse superconducting isotope effect. The unusual dependence of the superconducting phase diagram of lithium on its atomic mass provides evidence that quantum solid effects dominate the low temperature properties of dense lithium leading to anomalous differences in the structures and/or in electronic properties of the isotopes through zero point effects.
description: 12 pages, 3 figures
Dust in Active Galactic Nuclei: Anomalous Silicate to Optical Extinction Ratios?
Creators: name: Lyu, Jianwei
name: Hao, Lei
name: Li, Aigen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dust plays a central role in the unification theory of active galactic nuclei (AGNs). However, little is known about the nature (e.g., size, composition) of the dust which forms a torus around the AGN. In this Letter we report a systematic exploration of the optical extinction (A_V) and the silicate absorption optical depth (Δ\tau9.7) of 110 type 2 AGNs. We derive A_V from the Balmer decrement based on the Sloan Digital Sky Survey data, and Δ\tau9.7 from the Spitzer/Infrared Spectrograph data. We find that with a mean ratio of A_V/Δ\tau9.7 ~ 5.5, the optical-to-silicate extinction ratios of these AGNs are substantially lower than that of the Galactic diffuse interstellar medium (ISM) for which A_V/Δ\tau9.7 ~ 18.5. We argue that the anomalously low A_V/Δ\tau9.7 ratio could be due to the predominance of larger grains in the AGN torus compared to that in the Galactic diffuse ISM.
description: ApJL, 792, L9, in print
Pseudomyrma nigriceps
Creators: name: Smith, Frederick
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1855
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Formicidae
Pseudomyrma
Pseudomyrma nigriceps

description: Sp. 7. Pseudomyrma nigriceps. Worker. - Length lines. Head black: the antennae, mandibles, and the anterior margin of the face, rufo-testaceous; the thorax, abdomen and legs pale rufo-testaceous: the first node of the abdomen subtriangular, the upper margin being curved, the curve channelled from the base to the apex, the latter emarginate; the second node globose; the sides of the abdomen compressed, but not strangulated in the middle. This species was captured by Mr. Bates, at Santarem, Brazil; it was found coursing over herbage, and also on sandy banks. In mv own Collection. *
description: Published as part of Smith, Frederick, 1855, Descriptions of some species of Brazilian ants belonging to the genera Pseudomyrma, Eciton and Myrmica (with observations on their economy by Mr. H. W. Bates), pp. 156-169 in Transactions of the Entomological Society of London (2) 3 on page 159, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10243
The SUSY Yang-Mills plasma in a $T$-matrix approach
Creators: name: Lacroix, G.
name: Semay, C.
name: Buisseret, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The thermodynamic properties of ${\cal N}=1$ supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory with an arbitrary gauge group are investigated. In the confined range, we show that identifying the bound state spectrum with a Hagedorn one coming from non-critical closed superstring theory leads to a prediction for the value of the deconfining temperature $T_c$ that agrees with recent lattice data. The deconfined phase is studied by resorting to a $T$-matrix formulation of statistical mechanics in which the medium under study is seen as a gas of quasigluons and quasigluinos interacting nonperturbatively. Emphasis is put on the temperature range (1-5)~$T_c$, where the interaction are expected to be strong enough to generate bound states. Binary bound states of gluons and gluinos are indeed found to be bound up to 1.4 $T_c$ for any gauge group. The equation of state is then computed numerically for SU($N$) and $G_2$, and discussed in the case of an arbitrary gauge group. It is found to be nearly independent of the gauge group and very close to that of non-supersymmetric Yang-Mills when normalized to the Stefan-Boltzmann pressure and expressed as a function of $T/T_c$.
description: The main conclusions of our previous versions are unchanged. This version is improved and is a fusion of our papers arXiv:1408.0958v2 and arXiv:1408.4979
Experimental Study
Creators: name: Kushnick, Geoff
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Indonesia
subject: Vignette Experiment
subject: Cousin Marriage
subject: Factorial Experiment
subject: Quantitative Ethnography
subject: Evolutionary Anthropology
subject: Human Behavioral Ecology
subject: Human Behavioural Ecology
subject: Westermarck Effect
subject: Karo Batak
subject: Sumatra

description: We used a factorial vignette experiment amongst the Karo people of North Sumatra, Indonesia, to assess their perceptions of the practice of matrilateral cross-cousin (impal) marriage in their society.
Suppression of Sub-surface Freezing in Free-Standing Thin Films of a Coarse-grained Model of Water
Creators: name: Haji-Akbari, Amir
name: DeFever, Ryan S.
name: Sarupria, Sapna
name: Debenedetti, Pablo G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Freezing in the vicinity of water-vapor interfaces is of considerable interest to a wide range of disciplines, most notably the atmospheric sciences. In this work, we use molecular dynamics and two advanced sampling techniques, forward flux sampling and umbrella sampling, to study homogeneous nucleation of ice in free-standing thin films of supercooled water. We use a coarse-grained monoatomic model of water, known as mW, and we find that in this model a vapor-liquid interface suppresses crystallization in its vicinity. This suppression occurs in the vicinity of flat interfaces where no net Laplace pressure in induced. Our free energy calculations reveal that the pre-critical crystalline nuclei that emerge near the interface are thermodynamically less stable than those that emerge in the bulk. We investigate the origin of this instability by computing the average asphericity of nuclei that form in different regions of the film, and observe that average asphericity increases closer to the interface, which is consistent with an increase in the free energy due to increased surface-to-volume ratios.
description: 13 pages, 10 figures
Estimation of global network statistics from incomplete data
Creators: name: Bliss, Catherine A.
name: Danforth, Christopher M.
name: Dodds, Peter Sheridan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Complex networks underlie an enormous variety of social, biological, physical, and virtual systems. A profound complication for the science of complex networks is that in most cases, observing all nodes and all network interactions is impossible. Previous work addressing the impacts of partial network data is surprisingly limited, focuses primarily on missing nodes, and suggests that network statistics derived from subsampled data are not suitable estimators for the same network statistics describing the overall network topology. We generate scaling methods to predict true network statistics, including the degree distribution, from only partial knowledge of nodes, links, or weights. Our methods are transparent and do not assume a known generating process for the network, thus enabling prediction of network statistics for a wide variety of applications. We validate analytical results on four simulated network classes and empirical data sets of various sizes. We perform subsampling experiments by varying proportions of sampled data and demonstrate that our scaling methods can provide very good estimates of true network statistics while acknowledging limits. Lastly, we apply our techniques to a set of rich and evolving large-scale social networks, Twitter reply networks. Based on 100 million tweets, we use our scaling techniques to propose a statistical characterization of the Twitter Interactome from September 2008 to November 2008. Our treatment allows us to find support for Dunbar's hypothesis in detecting an upper threshold for the number of active social contacts that individuals maintain over the course of one week.
description: 63 pages, 32 figures, 26 tables; Submitted to PLOSONE
Dynamic synthetic Biological systems Programmed by DNA Designs
Creators: name: Du, Yancheng
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 401899
subject: Nanotechnology not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 401799
subject: Mechanical engineering not elsewhere classified

description: Deoxyribonucleic acid or DNA is an essential component in cells and organisms for genetic information storage and transduction. The base paring chemistry offers excellent programmability and structural predictability. This gives rise to the field of DNA nanotechnology, which uses DNA to design nanostructures and nanomachines with unprecedented designability and controllability. With the development of DNA nanotechnology, numerous chemical tools have been introduced for designing complex molecular mechanisms with DNA molecules. Various nanostructures of arbitrary shapes have been demonstrated, which shows the immense potential of DNA-based engineering. Dynamic nanodevices and their programmable actuations have also been successfully realized using DNA strand displacement and/or enzymatic reactions.With controllable interactions with various biomolecules, it is possible to implement DNA in synthetic biological systems to program their behaviors. Two systems with programmed behaviors are introduced in this dissertation. The first system is a lipid-based protocell that can perform programmed migration with DNA-based mechanisms. This model system extracts chemical energy from fuel strands via enzymatic reaction and converts it into autonomous translocation on a surface. A mechanistic model is proposed to understand the migration dynamics. Furthermore, a path-tracking behavior between synthetic vesicles is demonstrated, which mimics cellular chemotaxis for the first time.The second synthetic biological system explored is DNA origami structures capable of programmable auxetic reconfiguration. Auxetic materials are artificial systems with a negative Poisson’s ratio, which show great promise in various applications including space engineering and flexible/wearable electronics. With DNA-based sliding mechanisms, the proposed auxetic architecture can switch between two conformations with different Poisson’s ratios. The proposed strategy may be applied to designing adaptive materials or biochemical sensors with mechanical responses. The DNA-programmed behaviors demonstrated in this dissertation show unprecedented versatility and programmability, thus opening new opportunities for using molecular mechanisms to control synthetic biological systems with complex functions in diverse areas including biology, biomedicine, and material sciences.