cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Intimate Partner Sexual Violence
Creators: name: Helps, Nicola
name: Montgomery, Isobel
name: Conner, Mackenzie
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Gender and crime
Gender studies not elsewhere classified
Criminology not elsewhere classified
Sociology not elsewhere classified

description: Most sexual violence (SV) experienced by women is perpetrated by intimate partners (Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) 2017), and intimate partner sexual violence (IPSV) is a significant indicator of escalating frequency and severity of intimate partner violence (IPV). IPSV is both SV and IPV, yet it is not wholly captured within either of these domains and warrants separate attention.
Additional file 1 of A best-worst scaling survey of medical students’ perspective on implementing shared decision-making in China
Creators: name: XU, Richard Huan
name: Lingming ZHOU
name: WONG, Eliza Lai-Yi
name: WANG, Dong
name: XIANG, Guo Chun
name: XU, Chao
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1.
British Columbia Legislative Assembly sessional clipping book (1936-04)
Creators: name: :Unav
Publisher: name: University of Victoria Libraries
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Law
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/993678
subject: FOS: Law
subject: Politics and government
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1919741
subject: British Columbia. Legislative Assembly
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/600765

description: These Sessional Clippings books cover the period 1891 to 1972, and include newspaper accounts written by various legislative reporters who covered debates occurring in the British Columbia Legislative Assembly. Transcripts of debates of the Legislative Assembly (Hansard) were not published in B.C. until 1970; hence these "Sessional Clipping Books" augment the "Journals", the record of daily proceedings of the Legislative Assembly. Selected clippings from various newspapers including the Vancouver Sun, the Vancouver Province, the Colonist, and the Times newspapers, relating to the newspaper reports concerning activities of the Legislature. The original sessional clippings books comprise 351 ledger size print volumes, held at the Legislative Library in Victoria BC. The print volumes were microfilmed onto 26 reels in 1977 under a Tri University Libraries (TRIUL) project by Precision Micrographic Services (Vancouver, B.C.), with the permission of the Legislative Library, Victoria, British Columbia. This digital collection was created by scanning the 26 microfilm reels.
Additional file 1 of The impact of ACE2 polymorphisms (rs1978124, rs2285666, and rs2074192) and ACE1 rs1799752 in the mortality rate of COVID-19 in different SARS-CoV-2 variants
Creators: name: Sheikhian, Farzaneh
name: Sadeghi Mofrad, Sahar
name: Tarashi, Samira
name: Ghazanfari Jajin, Morteza
name: Sakhaee, Fatemeh
name: Ahmadi, Iraj
name: Anvari, Enayat
name: Sheikhpour, Mojgan
name: Fateh, Abolfazl
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases

description: Additional file 1. Table S1: ACE2 rs2074192 and sex cross-classification interaction. Table 2: ACE2 rs1978124 and sex cross-classification interaction. Table S3: Bonferroni-corrected test for all SNPs.
Timing of Pathogen Adaptation to a Multicomponent Treatment
Creators: name: Bourget, Romain
name: Chaumont, Loïc
name: Sapoukhina, Natalia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The sustainable use of multicomponent treatments such as combination therapies, combination vaccines/chemicals, and plants carrying multigenic resistance requires an understanding of how their population-wide deployment affects the speed of the pathogen adaptation. Here, we develop a stochastic model describing the emergence of a mutant pathogen and its dynamics in a heterogeneous host population split into various types by the management strategy. Based on a multi-type Markov birth and death process, the model can be used to provide a basic understanding of how the life-cycle parameters of the pathogen population, and the controllable parameters of a management strategy affect the speed at which a pathogen adapts to a multicomponent treatment. Our results reveal the importance of coupling stochastic mutation and migration processes, and illustrate how their stochasticity can alter our view of the principles of managing pathogen adaptive dynamics at the population level. In particular, we identify the growth and migration rates that allow pathogens to adapt to a multicomponent treatment even if it is deployed on only small proportions of the host. In contrast to the accepted view, our model suggests that treatment durability should not systematically be identified with mutation cost. We show also that associating a multicomponent treatment with defeated monocomponent treatments can be more durable than associating it with intermediate treatments including only some of the components. We conclude that the explicit modelling of stochastic processes underlying evolutionary dynamics could help to elucidate the principles of the sustainable use of multicomponent treatments in population-wide management strategies intended to impede the evolution of harmful populations.
description: 3 figures
title: The Effect of Nutrition Labelling on Fast-Food Nutritional Content
Creators: name: Reed, Joshua
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2020

description: The United States has implemented many policies to target obesity. Recently, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration has mandated that restaurants must label the calorie content of the food they provide on menus and menu boards. Previous literature suggests that this policy will cause a small subset of consumers to improve the nutritional quality of the food they consume. Restaurants’ responses to the policy are not as well studied but existing literature suggests that menu items become slightly healthier after the introduction of various local policies. This paper seeks to assess the impact of a nationally-instituted nutrition labeling policy on fast-food nutritional content. We find evidence that restaurants both improve the healthfulness of pre-existing food items and introduce new food items of substantially lower nutritional quality.
Mitochondrial Function and Nuclear Factor-KB–Mediated Signaling in Radiation-Induced Bystander Effects
Creators: name: Ivanov, Vladimir N.
name: Hei, Tom K.
name: Zhou, Hongning
name: Lien, Yu-Chin
name: Davidson, Mercy M.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2008
Subjects: Radiotherapy
Mitochondria
Cytology
Oncology

description: Although radiation-induced bystander effects have been well described over the past decade, the mechanisms of the signaling processes involved in the bystander phenomenon remain unclear. In the present study, using the Columbia University charged particle microbeam, we found that mitochondrial DNA–depleted human skin fibroblasts (ρo) showed a higher bystander mutagenic response in confluent monolayers when a fraction of the same population were irradiated with lethal doses compared with their parental mitochondrial–functional cells (ρ+). However, using mixed cultures of ρo and ρ+ cells and targeting only one population of cells with a lethal dose of α-particles, a decreased bystander mutagenesis was uniformly found in nonirradiated bystander cells of both cell types, indicating that signals from one cell type can modulate expression of bystander response in another cell type. In addition, we found that Bay 11-7082, a pharmacologic inhibitor of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activation, and 2-(4-carboxyphenyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide, a scavenger of nitric oxide (NO), significantly decreased the mutation frequency in both bystander ρo and ρ+ cells. Furthermore, we found that NF-κB activity and its dependent proteins, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and inducible NO synthase (iNOS), were lower in bystander ρo cells when compared with their ρ+ counterparts. Our results indicated that mitochondria play an important role in the regulation of radiation-induced bystander effects and that mitochondria-dependent NF-κB/iNOS/NO and NF-κB/COX-2/prostaglandin E2 signaling pathways are important to the process.
Pulsar Glitch in a Strangeon Star Model. III. The recovery
Creators: name: Lai, X. Y.
name: Wang, W. H.
name: Yuan, J. P.
name: Lu, R. P.
name: Yue, H.
name: Xu, R. X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Strangeon star model has passed various observational tests, such as the massive pulsars and the tidal deformability during binary mergers. Pulsar glitch, as a useful probe for studying the interior structure of pulsars, has also been studied in strangeon star model in our previous papers, including the recovery coefficient, the waiting time of glitches and glitch activity. In this paper, the recovery process of a glitch is described in the strangeon star model, based on the starquake picture established in Paper I. After the starquake, the inner motion of the stellar matter would reduce the tangential pressure in the cracked places at the equatorial plane. The recovery (increase) of the tangential pressure would be achieved by a viscous flow towards the cracked places at equatorial plane, which leads to the exponential recovery of the spin frequency. A uniform viscous flow can reproduce the single exponential decay observed in some glitches, and the viscous time-scale $τ$ and the depth $h$ of the cracking place below the surface can be fitted by the recovery data. It is found that $h$ increases with glitch size $Δν/ν$, which is expected in the glitch scenario of strangeon stars. The magnitude of the recovery predicted in this recovery model is also consistent with that derived from observations. The single exponential decay reproduced by a uniform viscous flow can be generalized to two or more exponentials by the multi-component of viscous flows.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures, 1 table. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Inhibition of Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated Kinase Activity Enhances TRAIL-Mediated Apoptosis in Human Melanoma Cells
Creators: name: Ivanov, Vladimir N.
name: Hei, Tom K.
name: Zhou, Hongning
name: Partridge, Michael A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2009
Subjects: Melanoma
Apoptosis
Cytology
Oncology

description: The aim of the present study was to elucidate the effects of ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) kinase on the regulation of the extrinsic tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) receptor 2/DR5-mediated death pathway in human melanoma cells. We revealed that total ATM protein levels were high in some human melanoma lines compared with normal cells. The basal levels of active form ATM phospho-Ser1981 were also detectable in many melanoma lines and could be further up-regulated by γ-irradiation. Pretreatment of several melanoma lines just before γ-irradiation with the inhibitor of ATM kinase KU-55933 suppressed p53 and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activation but notably increased radiation-induced DR5 surface expression, down-regulated cFLIP (caspase-8 inhibitor) levels, and substantially enhanced exogenous TRAIL-induced apoptosis. Furthermore, γ-irradiation in the presence of KU-55933 rendered TRAIL-resistant HHMSX melanoma cells susceptible to TRAIL-mediated apoptosis. In addition, suppression of ATM expression by the specific short hairpin RNA also resulted in down-regulation of cFLIP levels, up-regulation of surface DR5 expression, and TRAIL-mediated apoptosis in melanoma cells. Besides p53 and NF-κB, crucial regulators of DR5 expression, transcription factor STAT3 is known to negatively regulate DR5 expression. Suppression of Ser727 and Tyr705 phosphorylation of STAT3 by KU-55933 reduced STAT3 transacting activity accompanied by elevation in DR5 expression. Dominant-negative STAT3β also efficiently up-regulated the DR5 surface expression and down-regulated cFLIP levels in melanoma cells in culture and in vivo. Taken together, our data show the existence of an ATM-dependent STAT3-mediated antiapoptotic pathway, which on suppression sensitizes human melanoma cells to TRAIL-mediated apoptosis.
Self-organized defect strings in two-dimensional crystals
Creators: name: Lechner, Wolfgang
name: Polster, David
name: Maret, Georg
name: Keim, Peter
name: Dellago, Christoph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using experiments with single particle resolution and computer simulations we study the collective behaviour of multiple vacancies injected into two-dimensional crystals. We find that the defects assemble into linear strings that propagate through the crystal in a succession of rapid one-dimensional gliding phases and rare rotations, during which the direction of motion changes. At both ends, strings are terminated by dislocations with anti-parallel Burgers vectors. By monitoring the separation of the dislocations, we measure their effective interactions with high precision, for the first time beyond spontaneous formation and annihilation, and explain the double-well form of the dislocation interaction in terms of continuum elasticity theory. Our results give a detailed picture of the motion and interaction of dislocations in two dimensions and enhance our understanding of topological defects in two-dimensional nano-materials.
Tetramethylpyrazine (TMP) Protects Against Sodium Arsenite-Induced Nephrotoxicity by Suppressing ROS Production, Mitochondrial Dysfunction, Pro-Inflammatory Signaling Pathways and Programed Cell Death
Creators: name: Ivanov, Vladimir N.
name: Hei, Tom K.
name: Gong, Xuezhong
name: Davidson, Mercy M.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: Mitochondrial pathology
Nephrotoxicology
Pathology
Cytology

description: Although kidney is a target organ of arsenic cytotoxicity, the underlying mechanisms of arsenic-induced nephrotoxicity remain poorly understood. As tetramethylpyrazine (TMP) has recently been found to be a renal protectant in multiple kidney injuries, we hypothesize that TMP could suppress arsenic nephrotoxicity. In this study, human renal proximal tubular epithelial cell line HK-2 was used to elucidate the precise mechanisms of arsenic nephrotoxicity as well as the protective mechanism of TMP in these cells. Sodium arsenite exposure dramatically increased cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, decreased levels of cellular glutathione (GSH), decreased cytochrome c oxidase activity and mitochondrial membrane potential, which indicated mitochondrial dysfunction. On the other hand, sodium arsenite activated pro-inflammatory signals, including β-catenin, nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), tumor necrosis factor alpha and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). Small molecule inhibitors of NF-κB and p38 MAPK blocked arsenic-induced COX-2 expression, suggesting arsenic-induced COX-2 up-regulation was NF-κB- and p38 MAPK-dependent. Finally, sodium arsenite induced autophagy in HK-2 cells at early phase (6 h) and the subsequent apoptosis at 24 h. Treatment by TMP or by the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine decreased arsenic-induced ROS production, enhanced GSH levels, prevented mitochondria dysfunction and suppressed the activation of pro-inflammatory signals and the development of autophagy and apoptosis. Our results suggested that TMP may be used as a new potential therapeutic agent to prevent arsenic-induced nephrotoxicity by suppressing these pathological processes.
Additional file 1 of Association of medical conditions and firearm suicide among legal handgun purchasers in California: a case–control study
Creators: name: Schleimer, Julia P.
name: Kagawa, Rose M. C.
name: Laqueur, Hannah S.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Material.
Radiation-Induced Glioblastoma Signaling Cascade Regulates Viability, Apoptosis and Differentiation of Neural Stem Cells (NSC)
Creators: name: Ivanov, Vladimir N.
name: Hei, Tom K.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Glioblastoma multiforme
Neural stem cells
Apoptosis
Cytology
Oncology

description: Ionizing radiation alone or in combination with chemotherapy is the main treatment modality for brain tumors including glioblastoma. Adult neurons and astrocytes demonstrate substantial radioresistance; in contrast, human neural stem cells (NSC) are highly sensitive to radiation via induction of apoptosis. Irradiation of tumor cells has the potential risk of affecting the viability and function of NSC. In this study, we have evaluated the effects of irradiated glioblastoma cells on viability, proliferation and differentiation potential of non-irradiated (bystander) NSC through radiation-induced signaling cascades. Using media transfer experiments, we demonstrated significant effects of the U87MG glioblastoma secretome after gamma-irradiation on apoptosis in non-irradiated NSC. Addition of anti-TRAIL antibody to the transferred media partially suppressed apoptosis in NSC. Furthermore, we observed a dramatic increase in the production and secretion of IL8, TGFβ1 and IL6 by irradiated glioblastoma cells, which could promote glioblastoma cell survival and modify the effects of death factors in bystander NSC. While differentiation of NSC into neurons and astrocytes occurred efficiently with the corresponding differentiation media, pretreatment of NSC for 8 h with medium from irradiated glioblastoma cells selectively suppressed the differentiation of NSC into neurons, but not into astrocytes. Exogenous IL8 and TGFβ1 increased NSC/NPC survival, but also suppressed neuronal differentiation. On the other hand, IL6 was known to positively affect survival and differentiation of astrocyte progenitors. We established a U87MG neurosphere culture that was substantially enriched by SOX2+ and CD133+ glioma stem-like cells (GSC). Gamma-irradiation up-regulated apoptotic death in GSC via the FasL/Fas pathway. Media transfer experiments from irradiated GSC to non-targeted NSC again demonstrated induction of apoptosis and suppression of neuronal differentiation of NSC. In summary, intercellular communication between glioblastoma cells and bystander NSC/NPC could be involved in the amplification of cancer pathology in the brain.
title: THE INFLUENCE OF AUDIOVISUAL MATERIALS ON LISTENING COMPREHENSION SKILLS IN LEARNING JAPANESE AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE
Creators: name: YAMAGUCHI, KEI
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2020

description: This paper examines whether extensive listening with the help of audiovisual materials has a positive influence on listening comprehension. Extensive listening is a method used for learning a foreign language that focuses on listening to a number of texts that can be understood by learners with higher levels of comprehension. This method requires access to tools to support the learning plan, appropriate advising, and the availability of resources. Audiovisual materials allow learners to learn verbal and nonverbal language. Therefore, the usage of these materials for extensive listening is perceived as useful. In recent years, learners have received a variety of audiovisual materials outside of class owing to the development of technology. Since extensive listeners have a higher practice in memorizing grammar, vocabulary, or phrases, this study examines the influence of audiovisual materials outside of the classroom.
The study included 13 participants—five intermediate and eight elementary level students. The results did not statistically show that there is a positive influence of extensive listening using audiovisual materials on listening comprehension. However, all the participants perceived audiovisual materials to be useful for learning Japanese. These results indicate that extensive listening has a significant impact on listening skills in the field of second-language acquisition.
Additional file 2 of Assessment and treatment of recurrent urinary tract infections in women: development of a questionnaire based on a qualitative study of patient expectations in secondary care
Creators: name: Pat, J. J.
name: T. V. D. Aart
name: M. G. Steffens
name: L. P. W. Witte
name: M. H. Blanker
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2. English translation of the ESC-rUTI questionnaire.
Can $1/N_c$ corrections destroy the saturation of dipole densities?
Creators: name: Levin, Eugene
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we discuss a well known QCD result: the steep increase of Green's function for exchange of $n$ BFKL Pomerons $G_{n \pom}\Lb Y\Rb\propto \exp\Lb \frac{n^2}{N^2_c} Δ_{\mbox{\tiny BFKL}} Y\Rb$ where $N_c $ is the number of colours ,Y is the rapidity and $Δ_{\mbox{\tiny BFKL}}$ is the intercept of the BFKL Pomeron. We consider this problem in the framework of the simple Pomeon models in zero transverse dimensions, which have two advantages :(i) they allow to take into account all shadowing corrections, including the summation of the Pomeron loops and (ii) they have the same as in QCD striking increase of $G_{n \pom}\Lb Y\Rb $. We found that the strength of shadowing corrections is not enough to stop the increase of the scattering amplitude with energy in contradiction to the unitarity constraints. Hence, our answer to the question in the title is positive.We believe that we need to search an approach beyond of the BFKL Pomeron calculus to treat $1/N_c$ corrections in Colour Glass Condensate effective theory.
description: 10 pp.3 figures in pdf files
title: User mobility prediction and management using machine learning
Creators: name: Asad, Syed Muhammad
Publisher: name: University of Glasgow
Year: 2022

description: The next generation mobile networks (NGMNs) are envisioned to overcome current user mobility limitations while improving the network performance. Some of the limitations envisioned for mobility management in the future mobile networks are: addressing the massive traffic growth bottlenecks; providing better quality and experience to end users; supporting ultra high data rates; ensuring ultra low latency, seamless handover (HOs) from one base station (BS) to another, etc. Thus, in order for future networks to manage users mobility through all of the stringent limitations mentioned, artificial intelligence (AI) is deemed to play a key role automating end-to-end process through machine learning (ML). The objectives of this thesis are to explore user mobility predictions and management use-cases using ML. First, background and literature review is presented which covers, current mobile networks overview, and ML-driven applications to enable user’s mobility and management. Followed by the use-cases of mobility prediction in dense mobile networks are analysed and optimised with the use of ML algorithms. The overall framework test accuracy of 91.17% was obtained in comparison to all other mobility prediction algorithms through artificial neural network (ANN). Furthermore, a concept of mobility prediction-based energy consumption is discussed to automate and classify user’s mobility and reduce carbon emissions under smart city transportation achieving 98.82% with k-nearest neighbour (KNN) classifier as an optimal result along with 31.83% energy savings gain. Finally, context-aware handover (HO) skipping scenario is analysed in order to improve over all quality of service (QoS) as a framework of mobility management in next generation networks (NGNs). The framework relies on passenger mobility, trains trajectory, travelling time and frequency, network load and signal ratio data in cardinal directions i.e, North, East, West, and South (NEWS) achieving optimum result of 94.51% through support vector machine (SVM) classifier. These results were fed into HO skipping techniques to analyse, coverage probability, throughput, and HO cost. This work is extended by blockchain-enabled privacy preservation mechanism to provide end-to-end secure platform throughout train passengers mobility.
Assessment of heavy metals in unbranded nail polishes retailed in Karachi, Pakistan
Creators: name: Alamgir, Aamir
name: Fatima, Noor
name: Malik, Fatima
name: Qaiser, Wajiha
name: Kumari, Aradhna
name: Khan, Sara
Publisher: name: EQA - International Journal of Environmental Quality
Year: 2023

description: This assessment determines the concentrations of arsenic, lead, chromium, nickel, and cadmium in 60 unbranded nail polishes of various colours that were available in local marketplaces in Karachi, Pakistan. The findings demonstrated that mean lead, arsenic, and chromium contents in all the samples fell below FDA-acceptable ranges, and no nail polish colour was discovered to contain levels of these metals that exceeded the upper limits. Similarly, the FDA standards were exceeded by 41.6% of the pink and 25% of the orange nail polish samples. In this investigation, > 3 µg/g Cd was found in nail polish samples of the colours red and pink, respectively, at 66.67% and 8.33%. The order of the mean As, Pb, Cr, Ni, and Cd concentrations in the samples of nail polish that were examined in this study was red>orange>brown>blue>pink; orange>red>blue>pink>brown; red>blue>brown>pink>red; pink>orange>red>blue>brown; and red>pink>orange>brown>blue. The pink and blue colour samples showed the highest levels of Ni (12.08 µg /g) and Cd (6.28 µg /g).
description: EQA - International Journal of Environmental Quality, Vol. 58 (2023)
WR 138: new results from X-ray and optical spectroscopy
Creators: name: Palate, M.
name: Rauw, G.
name: De Becker, M.
name: Nazé, Y.
name: Eenens, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. Massive-binary evolution models predict that some systems will go through an evolutionary phase where the original primary has become a supernova and left a compact object behind that then orbits a Wolf-Rayet (hereafter, WR) star. WR 138 is an X-ray bright WR star that has been described as a triple system, including a compact companion in a short-period orbit. Aims. Our goal is to search for spectroscopic evidence of a compact companion around WR 138. Methods. We used optical and X-ray spectra to search for signatures of a compact companion, which can be revealed by systematic variations in WR optical spectral lines induced by orbital motion of the compact companion or by hard, luminous X-rays from accretion onto this companion. Results. The optical spectra display emission-line profile variations that are most probably caused by clumps inside the stellar winds. The radial velocities do not vary on a short time-scale compatible with the suggested orbital period of a putative compact companion. The X-ray spectra are found to be normal for a WN5-6+OB system with no indication of accretion by a compact companion. Conclusions. There is no evidence for the presence of a compact companion, and we therefore conclude that WR 138 is a normal long-period (P~1521 d) eccentric WR+OB system.
British Columbia Legislative Assembly sessional clipping book (1936-03)
Creators: name: :Unav
Publisher: name: University of Victoria Libraries
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Law
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/993678
subject: FOS: Law
subject: British Columbia. Legislative Assembly
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/600765
subject: Politics and government
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1919741

description: These Sessional Clippings books cover the period 1891 to 1972, and include newspaper accounts written by various legislative reporters who covered debates occurring in the British Columbia Legislative Assembly. Transcripts of debates of the Legislative Assembly (Hansard) were not published in B.C. until 1970; hence these "Sessional Clipping Books" augment the "Journals", the record of daily proceedings of the Legislative Assembly. Selected clippings from various newspapers including the Vancouver Sun, the Vancouver Province, the Colonist, and the Times newspapers, relating to the newspaper reports concerning activities of the Legislature. The original sessional clippings books comprise 351 ledger size print volumes, held at the Legislative Library in Victoria BC. The print volumes were microfilmed onto 26 reels in 1977 under a Tri University Libraries (TRIUL) project by Precision Micrographic Services (Vancouver, B.C.), with the permission of the Legislative Library, Victoria, British Columbia. This digital collection was created by scanning the 26 microfilm reels.
Interactive effects of spray drying characteristics on SO2 capture using limestone sorbent: a response surface methodology study
Creators: name: Koech, Lawrence Kipyegon
name: Premlall, Kasturie
name: Ramakokovhu, Munyadziwa
name: Sadiku, Rotini
Publisher: name: EQA - International Journal of Environmental Quality
Year: 2023

description: This study involved an investigation to assess the performance of limestone sorbent for spray dry scrubbing of sulphur dioxide from simulated flue gas using a lab-scale spray dryer. The project comprised of detailed experimental testing utilizing Central Composite Design (CCD) to investigate the influence of spray drying parameters on the removal of SO2 from flue gas. Several experiments were performed to analyse the influence of stoichiometric ratio (0.5 - 2.5), flue gas flowrate (24 - 36 m3/h), and inlet gas temperature (120 - 200 ℃) on SO2 removal efficiency of limestone. A predictive quadratic model was established based on experimental findings to correlate independent variables and the response. The model exhibited a strong fit to the data, indicated by R-squared coefficient of 0.98. The experimental findings revealed that the stoichiometric ratio (SR) had a large impact on the removal efficiency of SO2 in the spray dryer while the flue gas flowrate through the scrubber exhibited minimal influence. The combined effects of the spray drying variables were found to significantly impact the removal efficiency. A high removal efficiency of 70% was achieved when employing a higher stoichiometric ratio (SR=2) and lower temperature (T=140 °C). The lowest removal efficiency was recorded at a high temperature (T=180 °C) coupled with lower stoichiometric ratio (SR=1). The characterization of the dry collected products revealed evidence of desulphurization, manifesting in the formation of hannebachite (Ca2SO3.2H2O) and unreacted sorbent.
description: EQA - International Journal of Environmental Quality, Vol. 58 (2023)
Distinguishing simple and complex contagion processes on networks
Creators: name: Cencetti, Giulia
name: Contreras, Diego Andrés
name: Mancastroppa, Marco
name: Barrat, Alain
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Contagion processes on networks, including disease spreading, information diffusion, or social behaviors propagation, can be modeled as simple contagion, i.e. involving one connection at a time, or as complex contagion, in which multiple interactions are needed for a contagion event. Empirical data on spreading processes however, even when available, do not easily allow to uncover which of these underlying contagion mechanisms is at work. We propose a strategy to discriminate between these mechanisms upon the observation of a single instance of a spreading process. The strategy is based on the observation of the order in which network nodes are infected, and on its correlations with their local topology: these correlations differ between processes of simple contagion, processes involving threshold mechanisms and processes driven by group interactions (i.e., by "higher-order" mechanisms). Our results improve our understanding of contagion processes and provide a method using only limited information to distinguish between several possible contagion mechanisms.
Sequential Treatment by Ionizing Radiation and Sodium Arsenite Dramatically Accelerates TRAIL-Mediated Apoptosis of Human Melanoma Cells
Creators: name: Ivanov, Vladimir N.
name: Hei, Tom K.
name: Zhou, Hongning
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2007
Subjects: Melanoma
Apoptosis
Cytology
Oncology

description: Melanoma is the most lethal form of skin cancer. There is a lack of effective treatments for individuals with advanced disease. Many melanomas exhibit high levels of radioresistance. The direct consequence of γ-irradiation for most melanoma cells is growth arrest at the G2-M phase of cell cycle. However, radiation-induced signaling pathways may affect numerous additional targets in cancer cells. We show in the present study that γ-irradiation, as well as α-particle exposure, dramatically increases the susceptibility of melanoma cells to recombinant tumor necrosis factor–related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL)-mediated apoptosis via up-regulation of surface TRAIL-receptor 1/receptor 2 (DR4/DR5) levels and to Fas ligand–mediated apoptosis via up-regulation of surface Fas levels. Additionally, increased dynamin-2 expression after irradiation is critically important in the translocation of death receptor to the cell surface. Moreover, sodium arsenite treatment may up-regulate expression of endogenous TRAIL and induces its translocation to cell surface and further down-regulates cFLIP levels in melanoma cells. We have evaluated the effects of sequential γ-irradiation and arsenite treatment of melanoma cells for the induction of death signaling. Such treatment results in an efficient TRAIL-mediated apoptosis via a paracrine mechanism. These data highlight the efficacy of combined modality treatment involving radiation and arsenite in clinical management of this often fatal form of skin cancer.
Magnetic Field Instabilities in Neutron Stars
Creators: name: Ciolfi, Riccardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic fields represent a crucial aspect of the physics and astrophysics of neutron stars. Despite its great relevance, the internal magnetic field configuration of neutron stars is very poorly constrained by the observations, and understanding its properties is a long-standing theoretical challenge. The investigation on the subject is focused on the search for those magnetic field geometries which are stable on several Alfvèn timescales, thus constituting a viable description of neutron star interiors. Assesing the stability of a given magnetic field geometry is therefore an important part of this research. So far only simple configurations, such as the purely poloidal or purely toroidal ones, have been studied in detail in perturbation theory and, most recently, by means of nonlinear magnetohydrodynamic simulations. Here we review the basic results of the state-of-the-art general relativistic nonlinear studies, discussing the present status of the field and its future directions.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures. Proceedings of the XMM-Newton Science Workshop 2013
Assessing enrichment and contamination of sediments in the effluent canal of the ore processing industry and Naviundu River in Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of Congo
Creators: name: Sakib, S M Nazmuz
Publisher: name: EQA - International Journal of Environmental Quality
Year: 2023

description: The Naviundu River is exposed to heavy metal pollution from a mineral processing industry that discharges its effluents into the river. Heavy metals can accumulate in sediments and affect the aquatic ecosystem. The study collected surface sediment samples from the effluent pipe and along the Naviundu River, upstream and downstream of the industry. The samples were analyzed for the concentration of As, Co, Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, Zn using ICP-OES. The study used various methods and indices to assess the level and source of contamination and the potential ecological risk of the heavy metals in the sediments. The results showed that the mean concentrations of As, Cr, Cu, Pb, and Zn were above the sediment quality guideline values for protection of aquatic life and the probable biological effect level. The enrichment factor and geo accumulation index results indicated sediment contamination in the pipe and downstream by As, Cu, Co, Cd, Pb and Zn. The association of these elements with Cr generated a very high ecological risk for the biocenosis. The study concluded that the sediments of the Naviundu river are highly contaminated with heavy metals. The origin of the heavy metals in the sediments is the effluent from the mineral processing plant.
description: EQA - International Journal of Environmental Quality, Vol. 58 (2023)
Discovery of a planetary nebula surrounding the symbiotic star DT Serpentis
Creators: name: Munari, U.
name: Corradi, R. L. M.
name: Siviero, A.
name: Baldinelli, L.
name: Maitan, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the discovery of a planetary nebula centered on the poorly studied symbiotic binary star DT Ser. In a few other symbiotic stars spatially resolved nebulae have been discovered: however, only one of them might be a genuine planetary nebula, while the others are likely to originate in complex mass ejections episodes from the interacting binary central stars, possibly related to nova-like outbursts. The rim of the planetary nebula around DT Ser is severely distorted toward a brighter star, 5 arcsec away. In infrared WISE data, this star shows the presence of a detached cold dust shell such as those observed in post-AGB stars. The apparent association of the symbiotic star and its planetary nebula with the nearby possible post-AGB object is discussed. We also discuss the sparse and conflicting literature data that could support an observed variability of the surface brightness of the planetary nebula. The puzzling and intriguing characteristics displayed by DT Ser are surely worth further and more detailed investigations.
description: in press in A&A
Sodium Arsenite Exposure Inhibits AKT and Stat3 Activation, Suppresses Self-Renewal and Induces Apoptotic Death of Embryonic Stem Cells
Creators: name: Ivanov, Vladimir N.
name: Wen, Gengyun
name: Hei, Tom K.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Embryonic stem cells
Apoptosis
Cytology
Oncology

description: Sodium arsenite exposure at concentration >5 μM may induce embryotoxic and teratogenic effects in animal models. Long-term health effects of sodium arsenite from contaminated drinking water may result in different forms of cancer and neurological abnormalities. As cancer development processes seem to be originated in stem cells, we have chosen to examine the effects of sodium arsenite on signaling pathways and the corresponding transcription factors that regulate cell viability and self-renewal in mouse embryonic stem cells (ESC) and mouse neural stem/precursor cells. We demonstrated that the crucial signaling pathway, which was substantially suppressed by sodium arsenite exposure (4 μM) in ESC, was the PI3K–AKT pathway linked with numerous downstream targets that control cell survival and apoptosis. Furthermore, the whole core transcription factor circuitry that control self-renewal of mouse ESC (Stat3-P-Tyr705, Oct4, Sox2 and Nanog) was strongly down-regulated by sodium arsenite (4 μM) exposure. This was followed by G2/M arrest and induction of the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway that might be suppressed by caspase-9 and caspase-3 inhibitors. In contrast to mouse ESC with very low endogenous IL6, mouse neural stem/precursor cells (C17.2 clone immortalized by v-myc) with high endogenous production of IL6 exhibited a strong resistance to cytotoxic effects of sodium arsenite that could be decreased by inhibitory anti-IL6 antibody or Stat3 inhibition. In summary, our data demonstrated suppression of self-renewal and induction of apoptosis in mouse ESC by sodium arsenite exposure, which was further accelerated due to simultaneous inhibition of the protective PI3K–AKT and Stat3-dependent pathways.
title: Aufruf. Bayern's Gewerbestand fühlt hart die Geisel der schrecklichen Zeitläufe, bedroht durch gänzliche Verarmung desselben. Folgt auch Ihr Brüder! dem Rufe der heiligen Pflicht ...; [1848]
title: [München, den 1. Juni 1848]
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Wiedermann, Ignaz
name: Schörg, Franz
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2018

description: Kopftitel
Functional representation of the negative DNLS hierarchy
Creators: name: Vekslerchik, V. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 37J35, 35Q51, 35Q55, 37K10

description: This paper is devoted to the negative flows of the derivative nonlinear Schrödinger hierarchy (DNLSH). The main result of this work is the functional representation of the extended DNLSH, composed of both positive (classical) and negative flows. We derive a finite set of functional equations, constructed by means of the Miwa's shifts, which contains all equations of the hierarchy. Using the obtained functional representation we convert the nonlocal equations of the negative subhierarchy into local ones of higher order, derive the generating function of the conservation laws and the N-soliton solutions for the extended DNLSH under non-vanishing boundary conditions.
description: 19 pages, 1 figure, to be published in Journal of Nonlinear Mathematical Physics
Climate change threats to agriculture: raising awareness among stakeholders for sustainable solutions
Creators: name: Raza, Ali
name: Moroojo, Abdul Wajid
name: Samo, Mehran Sikandar
name: Arain, Muhammad Zeeshan
Publisher: name: EQA - International Journal of Environmental Quality
Year: 2023

description: This study has been carried out to investigate the adverse effects of climate change on agriculture and its awareness among various stakeholders. This study aims to determine adverse effects and how the agriculture department of Naushahro Feroze District contributes to creating awareness among the stakeholders about the adverse effects of climate change on agriculture. This study uses a purposeful sample of 4 to 5 High-Rank officers and specialists of the Agriculture department were selected to collect the data. The qualitative Method was adopted using Interviews via Semi-structured open-ended questionnaires. The results show that bodies, Organizations, and Institutions working to mitigate losses are not properly aware of the recommendations by International Bodies. Moreover, there is no proper system for creating awareness.
description: EQA - International Journal of Environmental Quality, Vol. 58 (2023)
A Role for TRAIL/TRAIL-R2 in Radiation-Induced Apoptosis and Radiation-Induced Bystander Response of Human Neural Stem Cells
Creators: name: Ivanov, Vladimir N.
name: Hei, Tom K.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Radiotherapy
Neural stem cells
Apoptosis
Cytology
Oncology

description: Adult neurons, which are terminally differentiated cells, demonstrate substantial radioresistance. In contrast, human neural stem cells (NSC), which have a significant proliferative capacity, are highly sensitive to ionizing radiation. Cranial irradiation that is widely used for treatment of brain tumors may induce death of NSC and further cause substantial cognitive deficits such as impairing learning and memory. The main goal of our study was to determine a mechanism of NSC radiosensitivity. We observed a constitutive high-level expression of TRAIL-R2 in human NSC. On the other hand, ionizing radiation through generation of reactive oxygen species targeted cell signaling pathways and dramatically changed the pattern of gene expression, including upregulation of TRAIL. A significant increase of endogenous expression and secretion of TRAIL could induce autocrine/paracrine stimulation of the TRAIL-R2-mediated signaling cascade with activation of caspase-3-driven apoptosis. Furthermore, paracrine stimulation could initiate bystander response of non-targeted NSC that is driven by death ligands produced by directly irradiated NSC. Experiments with media transfer from directly irradiated NSC to non-targeted (bystander) NSC confirmed a role of secreted TRAIL for induction of a death signaling cascade in non-targeted NSC. Subsequently, TRAIL production through elimination of bystander TRAIL-R-positive NSC might substantially restrict a final yield of differentiating young neurons. Radiation-induced TRAIL-mediated apoptosis could be partially suppressed by anti-TRAIL antibody added to the cell media. Interestingly, direct gamma-irradiation of SK-N-SH human neuroblastoma cells using clinical doses (2–5 Gy) resulted in low levels of apoptosis in cancer cells that was accompanied however by induction of a strong bystander response in non-targeted NSC. Numerous protective mechanisms were involved in the maintenance of radioresistance of neuroblastoma cells, including constitutive PI3K-AKT over-activation and endogenous synthesis of TGFβ1. Specific blockage of these survival pathways was accompanied by a dramatic increase in radiosensitivity of neuroblastoma cells. Intercellular communication between cancer cells and NSC could potentially be involved in amplification of cancer pathology in the brain.