cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A microwave field-driven transistor-like skyrmionic device with the microwave current-assisted skyrmion creation
Creators: name: Xia, Jing
name: Huang, Yangqi
name: Zhang, Xichao
name: Kang, Wang
name: Zheng, Chentian
name: Liu, Xiaoxi
name: Zhao, Weisheng
name: Zhou, Yan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic skyrmion is a topologically protected domain-wall structure at nanoscale, which could serve as a basic building block for advanced spintronic devices. Here, we propose a microwave field-driven skyrmionic device with the transistor-like function, where the motion of a skyrmion in a voltage-gated ferromagnetic nanotrack is studied by micromagnetic simulations. It is demonstrated that the microwave field can drive the motion of a skyrmion by exciting propagating spin waves, and the skyrmion motion can be governed by a gate voltage. We also investigate the microwave current-assisted creation of a skyrmion to facilitate the operation of the transistor-like skyrmionic device on the source terminal. It is found that the microwave current with an appropriate frequency can reduce the threshold current density required for the creation of a skyrmion from the ferromagnetic background. The proposed transistor-like skyrmionic device operated with the microwave field and current could be useful for building future skyrmion-based circuits.
description: 9 pages, 10 figures
Institutional Rank and Budget Efficiency in Academic Libraries
Creators: name: Kiesewetter, Hannah G.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008
Subjects: Universities and colleges--Costs
Academic libraries--Administration
Universities and colleges--Ratings and rankings
Academic libraries--Cost effectiveness--Case studies

description: This study describes budget trends at Harvard University, Stanford University, Montana  State University at Bozeman and New Mexico State University at Las Cruces. These  financial trends are connected to the Shanghai Jiao Tong Academic Ranking of World  Universities' rankings from 2004-2008. The connected data indicates that effective  budget patterns include keeping collection and materials budgets as large as possible  without sacrificing from a human resources perspective. The data also suggests that  universities should aim to allocate at least three percent of the total organization's budget  to the library system. After establishing the connection between healthy libraries and  parent organizations, it is also recommended that libraries treat employees more like  business people who are responsible for the well-being of the organization than like  librarians whose primary concern is short-term.
Channel-Specific Daily Patterns in Mobile Phone Communication
Creators: name: Aledavood, Talayeh
name: López, Eduardo
name: Roberts, Sam G. B.
name: Reed-Tsochas, Felix
name: Moro, Esteban
name: Dunbar, Robin I. M.
name: Saramäki, Jari
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Humans follow circadian rhythms, visible in their activity levels as well as physiological and psychological factors. Such rhythms are also visible in electronic communication records, where the aggregated activity levels of e.g. mobile telephone calls or Wikipedia edits are known to follow their own daily patterns. Here, we study the daily communication patterns of 24 individuals over 18 months, and show that each individual has a different, persistent communication pattern. These patterns may differ for calls and text messages, which points towards calls and texts serving a different role in communication. For both calls and texts, evenings play a special role. There are also differences in the daily patterns of males and females both for calls and texts, both in how they communicate with individuals of the same gender vs. opposite gender, and also in how communication is allocated at social ties of different nature (kin ties vs. non-kin ties). Taken together, our results show that there is an unexpected richness to the daily communication patterns, from different types of ties being activated at different times of day to different roles of communication channels and gender differences.
Serie Religionen in Südasien X: Die Philosophie des Madhyamaka-Buddhismus
Creators: name: Heitmann, Annette
Publisher: name: Südasien
Year: 2022

description: Zu den Eckpfeilern des Buddhismus zählt ein Werk des indischen Denkers Nagarjuna (ca. 2.-3. Jh. u.Z.), die Mulamadhyamakakarika. Sie gehört zu den unumstrittenen Hauptwerken jener Tradition, die heute als Madhyamaka bezeichnet wird.
description: Südasien, Bd. 28/29 Nr. 4/1 2008/2009(2008): Menschenrechte in Südasien
Lobby- und Advocacyarbeit
Creators: name: Redaktion, Die
Publisher: name: Südasien
Year: 2022

description: Aus der Runde des Forum Indien-bezogener Nichtregierungsorganisationen in Deutschland, die sich im Mai 2008 zum dritten Mal in drei Jahren getroffen hat, ist eine Arbeitsgruppe „Lobbyund Advocacyarbeit“ entstanden. Ausgangspunkt ihrer Fragestellung ist die Tatsache, dass es zu einer ganzen Reihe von Regionen und Sachthemen koordinierte Lobby- und Advocacyarbeit auf nationalem und ergänzend dazu auf EU- bzw. UN-Niveau gibt, nicht aber zur Region Südasien. Das SÜDASIENBÜRO, Mitglied der Arbeitsgruppe, hat zu diesem Thema in Abstimmung mit den anderen Mitgliedern der Arbeitsgruppe eine Studie in Auftrag gegeben. Verfasser der Studie ist Theodor Rathgeber. Die vollständige Studie, die weder als Meinungskundgebung des SÜDASIENBÜROS noch des Indien-NRO-Forums bzw. dessen Arbeitsgruppe zu Lobby- und Advocacyarbeit zu verstehen ist, wird auf Anfrage gerne an Interessenten als pdf-Datei versendet. Die Studie ist als eine Art Diskussionsgrundlage zu verstehen, die eine zielgerichtete Diskussion zum Thema Lobby- und Advocacyarbeit im Hinblick auf die Zielregion Südasien bzw. Indien anstoßen soll. Im Folgenden dokumentieren wir Teile des Textes der Studie. (Dokumentation)
description: Südasien, Bd. 28/29 Nr. 4/1 2008/2009(2008): Menschenrechte in Südasien
Ganges-Quelle droht zu versiegen
Creators: name: Mentschel, Stefan
Publisher: name: Südasien
Year: 2022

description: Der Ganges ist einer der bedeutendsten Flüsse Indiens. Rund eine halbe Milliarde Menschen leben vom und mit dem Strom. Hindus verehren ihn als Wiege der Zivilisation. Sein Wasser gilt als heilig und dient der spirituellen Reinigung. Doch der Ganges ist in Gefahr. Aufgrund des weltweiten Klimawandels droht ein Abschmelzen der Gletscher im Himalaya, deren Wasser die großen Ströme des indischen Subkontinents speist.
description: Südasien, Bd. 28/29 Nr. 4/1 2008/2009(2008): Menschenrechte in Südasien
KMOS view of the Galactic Centre I. Young stars are centrally concentrated
Creators: name: Feldmeier-Krause, A.
name: Neumayer, N.
name: Schödel, R.
name: Seth, A.
name: Hilker, M.
name: de Zeeuw, P. T.
name: Kuntschner, H.
name: Walcher, C. J.
name: Lützgendorf, N.
name: Kissler-Patig, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Galactic centre hosts a crowded, dense nuclear star cluster with a half-light radius of 4 pc. Most of the stars in the Galactic centre are cool late-type stars, but there are also >100 hot early-type stars in the central parsec of the Milky Way. These stars are only 3-8 Myr old. Our knowledge of the number and distribution of early-type stars in the Galactic centre is incomplete. Only a few spectroscopic observations have been made beyond a projected distance of 0.5 pc of the Galactic centre. The distribution and kinematics of early-type stars are essential to understand the formation and growth of the nuclear star cluster. We cover the central >4pc^2 of the Galactic centre using the integral-field spectrograph KMOS. We extracted more than 1,000 spectra from individual stars and identified early-type stars based on their spectra. Our data set contains 114 bright early-type stars: 6 have narrow emission lines, 23 are Wolf-Rayet stars, 9 stars have featureless spectra, and 76 are O/B type stars. Our wide-field spectroscopic data confirm that the distribution of young stars is compact, with 90% of the young stars identified within 0.5 pc of the nucleus. We identify 24 new O/B stars primarily at large radii. We estimate photometric masses of the O/B stars and show that the total mass in the young population is >12,000M_sun. The O/B stars all appear to be bound to the Milky Way nuclear star cluster, while less than 30% belong to the clockwise rotating disk. The central concentration of the early-type stars is a strong argument that they have formed in situ. A large part of the young O/B stars is not on the disk, which either means that the early-type stars did not all form on the same disk or that the disk is dissolving rapidly. [abridged]
description: 27 pages, 17 figures, matches journal version: Corrected typos, corrected Notes in Table B.1
A quarter century of astrophysics with Japan
Creators: name: Yock, Philip
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: On February 23 1987 a supernova (exploding star) was observed in the Large Cloud of Magellan, the brightest supernova in 400 years. It spurred the commencement of collaborative research in astrophysics between Japan and New Zealand that is still ongoing after 25 years. The initial aim of the two countries was to search for evidence of cosmic rays being emitted by the supernova in a project named JANZOS. A large cosmic ray detector was installed near the summit of the Black Birch range in Marlborough to monitor the supernova but, after seven years of operations, the results proved to be negative. In 1994 a second phase of research was commenced, this time at the Mt John University Observatory in Canterbury under the emblem MOA. The aim of the MOA project is to study dark matter and extrasolar planets using a novel gravitational microlensing technique. A 1.8m telescope was built at the observatory, and several planets were subsequently found. Some have exotic properties, the most exotic being a new class of free-floating planets that appear not to be orbiting stars. They are estimated to outnumber stars by about two to one. In this article the work carried out by the JANZOS and MOA collaborations is reviewed, and plans for the future are outlined.
description: 10 pages, 11 figures
Zur Geschichte der Menschenrechte
Creators: name: Wessler, Heinz Werner
Publisher: name: Südasien
Year: 2022

description: Die Annahme von unveräußerlichten Rechten, die einem menschlichen Individuum unabhängig von seinem Geschlecht, Lebensalter, seines physischen Zustandes, seiner kulturellen bzw. religiösen Identität, Bildung und Sprache zukommen, wurde nach dem Ersten Weltkrieg von der Internationalen Arbeitsorganisation (1919) und dem Völkerbund (1920) aufgegriffen. Dennoch konnten diese ersten allgemeine Formulierungen von unveräußerlichen Rechten nicht verhindern, dass diese Rechte weiterhin missachtet wurden – vor allem durch den Kolonialismus und besonders drastisch von den Angriffsmächten im Zweiten Weltkrieg. Die Charta der Vereinten Nationen (1945) und der „Allgemeine Erklärung der Menschenrechte“ (1948) entstanden auf dem Hintergrund dieser historischen Erfahrungen, ebenso die vier „Genfer Konventionen“ (1949) und die dazu gehörigen beiden Zusatzprotokolle (1977 ), die Soldaten und Zivilpersonen zu Land und See während eines Krieges Mindestrechte zusichern.
description: Südasien, Bd. 28/29 Nr. 4/1 2008/2009(2008): Menschenrechte in Südasien
Joint Projection Learning and Tensor Decomposition Based Incomplete Multi-view Clustering
Creators: name: Lv, Wei
name: Zhang, Chao
name: Li, Huaxiong
name: Jia, Xiuyi
name: Chen, Chunlin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Incomplete multi-view clustering (IMVC) has received increasing attention since it is often that some views of samples are incomplete in reality. Most existing methods learn similarity subgraphs from original incomplete multi-view data and seek complete graphs by exploring the incomplete subgraphs of each view for spectral clustering. However, the graphs constructed on the original high-dimensional data may be suboptimal due to feature redundancy and noise. Besides, previous methods generally ignored the graph noise caused by the inter-class and intra-class structure variation during the transformation of incomplete graphs and complete graphs. To address these problems, we propose a novel Joint Projection Learning and Tensor Decomposition Based method (JPLTD) for IMVC. Specifically, to alleviate the influence of redundant features and noise in high-dimensional data, JPLTD introduces an orthogonal projection matrix to project the high-dimensional features into a lower-dimensional space for compact feature learning.Meanwhile, based on the lower-dimensional space, the similarity graphs corresponding to instances of different views are learned, and JPLTD stacks these graphs into a third-order low-rank tensor to explore the high-order correlations across different views. We further consider the graph noise of projected data caused by missing samples and use a tensor-decomposition based graph filter for robust clustering.JPLTD decomposes the original tensor into an intrinsic tensor and a sparse tensor. The intrinsic tensor models the true data similarities. An effective optimization algorithm is adopted to solve the JPLTD model. Comprehensive experiments on several benchmark datasets demonstrate that JPLTD outperforms the state-of-the-art methods. The code of JPLTD is available at https://github.com/weilvNJU/JPLTD.
description: IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks and Learning Systems, 2023
Information and the Backcountry: A survey of the technologies  available for leveraging information throughout a remote wilderness experience
Creators: name: Roscher, Travis B.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009
Subjects: Product survey
User study
IT in the environment
Remote wilderness study--experience
Information use
Technology adoption conflicts

description: The purpose of this study is to examine the conditions surrounding information use in the  backcountry and technologies that enable it. First, the existing literature will be reviewed  to determine the climate for the adoption of information enabling technologies in the  backcountry. Specifically considered will be the users of information and the nature of  information needs, which may vary from user to user. Then current technologies and their  impact on information use will be examined. A formula was created to assess the extent  to which these technologies fulfill information needs and how likely they are to be used.  Limitations of current technologies as pertains to their use in backcountry settings will be  discussed. Finally, conclusions about information enabling devices will be drawn.
Electrical control of near-field energy transfer between quantum dots and 2D semiconductors
Creators: name: Prasai, Dhiraj
name: Klots, Andrey R.
name: Newaz, A. K. M.
name: Niezgoda, J. Scott
name: Orfield, Noah J.
name: Escobar, Carlos A.
name: Wynn, Alex
name: Efimov, Anatoly
name: Jennings, G. Kane
name: Rosenthal, Sandra J.
name: Bolotin, Kirill I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate near-field energy transfer between chemically synthesized quantum dots (QDs) and two-dimensional semiconductors. We fabricate devices in which electrostatically gated semiconducting monolayer molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) is placed atop a homogenous self-assembled layer of core-shell CdSSe QDs. We demonstrate efficient non-radiative Förster resonant energy transfer (FRET) from QDs into MoS2 and prove that modest gate-induced variation in the excitonic absorption of MoS2 lead to large (~500%) changes in the FRET rate. This, in turn, allows for up to ~75% electrical modulation of QD photoluminescence intensity. The hybrid QD/MoS2 devices operate within a small voltage range, allow for continuous modification of the QD photoluminescence intensity, and can be used for selective tuning of QDs emitting in the visible-IR range.
description: 19 Pages, 11 figures. Main text and supporting information. Nano Letters, 2015, Article ASAP
Universal Periodic Review
Creators: name: Rathgeber, Theodor
Publisher: name: Südasien
Year: 2022

description: Das UPR-Verfahren (Universal Periodic Review) stellt ein neues Element des 2006 ins Leben gerufenen UN-Menschenrechtsrates (MRR) dar. Im Rahmen des UPR werden im Zeitraum von vier Jahren alle Mitgliedsstaaten der UNO auf die Lage der Menschenrechte überprüft. Damit sollen Selektivität und doppelte Standards bei der Bewertung von Menschenrechten in den Ländern überwunden werden.
description: Südasien, Bd. 28/29 Nr. 4/1 2008/2009(2008): Menschenrechte in Südasien
Superconductivity induced by doping holes in the nodal-line semimetal NaAlGe
Creators: name: Ikenobe, Toshiya
name: Yamada, Takahiro
name: Hirai, Daigorou
name: Yamane, Hisanori
name: Hiroi, Zenji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nodal-line semimetals NaAlSi and NaAlGe have significantly different ground states despite having similar electronic structures: NaAlSi exhibits superconductivity below 7 K, while NaAlGe exhibits semiconductive electrical conductivity at low temperatures, indicating the formation of a pseudogap at approximately 100 K. The origin of the pseudogap in NaAlGe is unknown but may be associated with excitonic instability. We investigated hole-doping effects on the ground state in the solid solution Na(Al1-xZnx)Ge and discovered that the pseudogap is suppressed continuously with increasing Zn content, followed by the appearance of a superconducting dome with the highest transition temperature of 2.8 K. This superconductivity most likely results from excitonic fluctuations.
description: 7 pages, 9 figures
In the Blink of an Eye: Event-based Emotion Recognition
Creators: name: Zhang, Haiwei
name: Zhang, Jiqing
name: Dong, Bo
name: Peers, Pieter
name: Wu, Wenwei
name: Wei, Xiaopeng
name: Heide, Felix
name: Yang, Xin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We introduce a wearable single-eye emotion recognition device and a real-time approach to recognizing emotions from partial observations of an emotion that is robust to changes in lighting conditions. At the heart of our method is a bio-inspired event-based camera setup and a newly designed lightweight Spiking Eye Emotion Network (SEEN). Compared to conventional cameras, event-based cameras offer a higher dynamic range (up to 140 dB vs. 80 dB) and a higher temporal resolution. Thus, the captured events can encode rich temporal cues under challenging lighting conditions. However, these events lack texture information, posing problems in decoding temporal information effectively. SEEN tackles this issue from two different perspectives. First, we adopt convolutional spiking layers to take advantage of the spiking neural network's ability to decode pertinent temporal information. Second, SEEN learns to extract essential spatial cues from corresponding intensity frames and leverages a novel weight-copy scheme to convey spatial attention to the convolutional spiking layers during training and inference. We extensively validate and demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach on a specially collected Single-eye Event-based Emotion (SEE) dataset. To the best of our knowledge, our method is the first eye-based emotion recognition method that leverages event-based cameras and spiking neural network.
Universalität der Menschenrechte
Creators: name: Däubler-Gmelin, Herta
Publisher: name: Südasien
Year: 2022

description: Die Allgemeine Erklärung der Menschenrechte (AEMR) der Vereinten Nationen von 1948 schreibt als erste globale und detaillierte Charta der Menschenrechte soziale und Freiheitsrechte jedem Menschen überall auf der Welt in gleicher Weise zu. Für die Umsetzung haben die Staaten und die internationale Gemeinschaft zu sorgen.
description: Südasien, Bd. 28/29 Nr. 4/1 2008/2009(2008): Menschenrechte in Südasien
Phantom Metrics With Killing Spinors
Creators: name: Sabra, W. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study metric solutions of Einstein-anti-Maxwell theory admitting Killing spinors. The analogue of the IWP metric which admits a space-like Killing vector is found and is expressed in terms of a complex function satisfying the wave equation in flat (2+1)-dimensional space-time. As examples, electric and magnetic Kasner spaces are constructed by allowing the solution to depend only on the time coordinate. Euclidean solutions are also presented.
description: 13 pages
Young Stellar Objects in the Massive Star Forming Region W49
Creators: name: Saral, Gozde
name: Hora, Joseph L.
name: Willis, Sarah E.
name: Koenig, Xavier P.
name: Gutermuth, Robert A.
name: Saygac, A. Talat
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the initial results of our investigation of the star-forming complex W49, one of the youngest and most luminous massive star forming regions in our Galaxy. We used Spitzer/Infrared Array Camera (IRAC) data to investigate massive star formation with the primary objective to locate a representative set of protostars and the clusters of young stars that are forming around them. We present our source catalog with the mosaics from the IRAC data. In this study we used a combination of IRAC, MIPS, Two Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS) and UKIRT Deep Infrared Sky Survey (UKIDSS) data to identify and classify the Young Stellar Objects (YSOs). We identified 232 Class 0/I YSOs, 907 Class II YSOs, and 74 transition disk candidate objects using color-color and color-magnitude diagrams. In addition, to understand the evolution of star formation in W49 we analysed the distribution of YSOs in the region to identify clusters using a minimal spanning tree method. The fraction of YSOs that belong to clusters with >7 members is found to be 52% for a cut-off distance of 96" and the ratio of Class II/I objects is 2.1. We compared the W49 region to the G305 and G333 star forming regions and concluded that the W49 has the richest population with 7 subclusters of YSOs.
description: 22 pages, 21 figures, 14 tables, electronic tables available at http://www.cfa.harvard.edu/~jhora/OERC
Mit Beethoven in Karachi
Creators: name: Paukert, Matthias
Publisher: name: Südasien
Year: 2022

description: Die reiche Hafenstadt am Arabischen Meer ist das wirtschaftliche Aushängeschild Pakistans: Hier erwirtschaften über 12 Millionen Menschen gut ein Viertel des pakistanischen BIP, die dynamische Informations- und Kommunikationsbranche lockt viele Kunden aus Europa, Nahost und Nordamerika an. Aber Karachi ist für viele Pakistaner auch das, was Berlin für viele Deutsche ist: eine Art kulturelle Hauptstadt, die im Rhythmus der vielfältigen Einflüsse schwingt: Hier treffen Sindh und Punjab, Okzident und Orient, Klassik und Moderne aufeinander. Hier finden Tradition und Innovation eine gemeinsame Bühne.
description: Südasien, Bd. 28/29 Nr. 4/1 2008/2009(2008): Menschenrechte in Südasien
A Comparison of the Questions Asked between the Chat Reference Service and the E-Mail Reference Service in an Academic Library
Creators: name: Covarrubias, Viena
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013
Subjects: Academic libraries--Reference services
Electronic reference services (Libraries)
Internet in library reference services

description: Virtual Reference has been provided in libraries since the early 1900s.  It started with the E-mail Reference Service, and in the mid-1990s it continued with Chat Reference Service.   However, the Chat Reference Service and the E-mail Reference Service present special characteristics that influence the questions users ask through them.
The present study analyses, categorizes, compares and highlights the differences and similarities of the questions received through these 2 virtual reference services in Walter Royal Davis Library, the main academic library of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Despite the differences, Policy and Procedural questions are the most common ones in both services, which are distinct from the Reference Transactions traditionally expected.
The results of the study will contribute to the LIS literature regarding virtual reference services.  Also, they will be especially helpful to the researcher's home institution in its implementation of the Chat Reference Service.
Auf der Suche nach der verlorenen Ehre im Sindh
Creators: name: Wichterich, Christa
Publisher: name: Südasien
Year: 2022

description: Dadu ist eine Kleinstadt am Rand der Wüste Ther im Sindh, geschäftig, schmutzig und für die Menschen der Region eine Metropole. Dort sind Schulen, fahren Busse, beginnt eine gute Straße, Verbindung zum Rest der Welt.
description: Südasien, Bd. 28/29 Nr. 4/1 2008/2009(2008): Menschenrechte in Südasien
Fighting Uncertainty with Uncertainty: A Baby Step
Creators: name: Kashyap, Ravi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Finance (q-fin.GN)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: We can overcome uncertainty with uncertainty. Using randomness in our choices and in what we control, and hence in the decision making process, could potentially offset the uncertainty inherent in the environment and yield better outcomes. The example we develop in greater detail is the news-vendor inventory management problem with demand uncertainty. We briefly discuss areas, where such an approach might be helpful, with the common prescription, "Don't Simply Optimize, Also Randomize; perhaps best described by the term - Randoptimization". 1. News-vendor Inventory Management 2. School Admissions 3. Journal Submissions 4. Job Candidate Selection 5. Stock Picking 6. Monetary Policy This methodology is suitable for the social sciences since the primary source of uncertainty are the members of the system themselves and presently, no methods are known to fully determine the outcomes in such an environment, which perhaps would require being able to read the minds of everyone involved and to anticipate their actions continuously. Admittedly, we are not qualified to recommend whether such an approach is conducive for the natural sciences, unless perhaps, bounds can be established on the levels of uncertainty in a system and it is shown conclusively that a better understanding of the system and hence improved decision making will not alter the outcomes.
Extracting an electron's angle of return from shifted interference patterns in macroscopic high-harmonic spectra of diatomic molecules
Creators: name: Das, T.
name: Augstein, B. B.
name: Faria, C. Figueira de Morisson
name: Chipperfield, L. E.
name: Hoffmann, D. J.
name: Marangos, J. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate high-order harmonic spectra from aligned diatomic molecules in intense driving fields whose components have orthogonal polarizations. We focus on how the driving-field ellipticity influences structural interference patterns in a macroscopic medium. In a previous publication [Phys. Rev. A 88, 023404 (2013)] we have shown that the non-vanishing ellipticity introduces an effective dynamic shift in the angle for which the two-center interference maxima and minima occur, with regard to the existing condition for linearly polarized fields. In this work we show through simulation that it is still possible to observe this shift in harmonic spectra that have undergone macroscopic propagation, and discuss the parameter range for doing so. These features are investigated for $H_2$ in a bichromatic field composed of two orthogonally polarized waves. The shift is visible both in the near- and in the far-field regime, so that, in principle, it can be observed in experiments.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures
The Influence of Image Quality on User Interactions
Creators: name: Powell, Jaleesa
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014
Subjects: Social computing
Information science--Social aspects
Blogs

description: The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the effect of image size on number of user interactions across different blogging platforms. Earlier studies (Kornejeva, 2012; Liao et al., 2013) indicate that visual components of blogs can impact readers' experiences with blog content. This study aims to further explore the ways in which visual components impact readers.
The number of images, sizes of the images, number of comments and number of non-comment interactions per post were collected from 400 WordPress posts and 400 Blogger posts. While no effect of image size was detected, an effect of image presence was detected. Opportunities for further research were discussed, as were the implications of the findings of this study.
Name Authority Control in Institutional Repositories and Its Relationships to Metadata Quality
Creators: name: Goslen, Anna S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011
Subjects: Metadata--Evaluation
Surveys--Metadata
Authority control

description: This study describes a questionnaire that was distributed to managers and staff of institutional repositories (IRs) at ARL-member institutions in order to investigate name authority control in IRs and its relationships to metadata quality. Authority control is important to resource discovery because it provides collocation and search precision. However, a review of the literature indicates numerous challenges to establishing name authority control in IRs. Respondents were asked about their IR's metadata creation and management, metadata quality, metadata schemas, and usage of authority data and controlled vocabularies. The results of this exploratory study indicate that half of respondents have established name authority control in their repositories. The majority of respondents believe that there is a relationship between name authority control and metadata quality in IRs.
Wachsende Armut und Not verschärft Lage in Pakistan
Creators: name: Inderyas, Ayra
name: Ernst, Sonja
Publisher: name: Südasien
Year: 2022

description: Auch Pakistan hat sich erstmals dem UPR Verfahren unterzogen. Die Ergebnisse fallen sehr unterschiedlich aus. Wachsende Armut, Inflation und eine sich verschärfende Nahrungsmittelkrise wirken sich nachteilig auf die ohnehin angespannte Menschenrechtslage im Land aus, das am Rande des Staatsbankrotts steht, unter enormen sozialen Spannungen und zunehmender politischer Instabilität leidet.
description: Südasien, Bd. 28/29 Nr. 4/1 2008/2009(2008): Menschenrechte in Südasien
Im Licht des Universal Periodic Review
Creators: name: Jacob, Peter
name: Marsh, Edgar
Publisher: name: Südasien
Year: 2022

description: Der Universal Periodic Review (UPR) ist ein neues Verfahren, mit dem der UN-Menschenrechtsrat alle fünf Jahre die Menschenrechtssituation in den Mitgliedsstaaten untersucht. Ein Bericht über die Erfahrungen aus Pakistan.
description: Südasien, Bd. 28/29 Nr. 4/1 2008/2009(2008): Menschenrechte in Südasien
Critical $O(2)$ and $O(3)$ $ϕ^4$ theories near six dimensions
Creators: name: Herbut, Igor F.
name: Janssen, Lukas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider $O(N)$-symmetric bosonic $ϕ^4$ field theories above four dimensions, and propose a new reformulation in terms of an irreducible tensorial field with a cubic and Yukawa terms. The $ϕ^4$ field theory so rewritten exhibits real and nontrivial IR-stable fixed points near and below six dimension, for low values of $N$ such as $N=2$ and $N=3$. The so-defined UV completions of the $O(2)$ and $O(3)$ models hence constitute precious examples of asymptotically safe quantum field theories. The possibility of an extension of our results to five dimensions is discussed.
description: 5 pages, three figures
Difficulty vs. Engagement: An Analysis of Easy Readers About Superheroes and Their Amazon.com Reviews
Creators: name: Easley, Hannah
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014
Subjects: Science fiction
Readers--Primary--Evaluation
Children--Books & reading

description: This study analyzes twelve easy reader titles featuring superheroes and their corresponding product reviews on Amazon.com. Titles were examined for difficulty based on language and design features, and the results were compared to assessments made by reviewers on Amazon.com. The study found that reviewers commonly reported use of these easy readers as read aloud material for pre-reading children. Reviewers who indicated use of the book as independent reading material commented on difficulty more often than those who described the book as read aloud material. Series that this study assigned overall higher difficulty scores had comparatively more uses as read aloud material than those that received lower difficulty scores. A content analysis of the Amazon.com reviews revealed that evaluations tended to center on four categories: difficulty, engagement, appropriateness, and female role models. The results of this study may be useful for children's librarians and teachers when considering superhero easy readers for their collections.
Essays in Information Economics
Creators: name: Wangenheim, Jonas Von
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Strategische Ignoranz
subject: Informationsdesign
subject: Mechanismus Design
subject: Auktionen
subject: Verlustaversion
subject: hyperbolische Diskontierung
subject: Information Design
subject: Bayesian Persuasion
subject: Mechanism Design
subject: Strategic Ignorance
subject: Loss Aversion
subject: Auctions
subject: Revenue Equivalence
subject: Reference-Dependent Preferences
subject: Self-Control Problems
subject: Nudging
subject: Hyperbolic Discounting
subject: 332 Finanzwirtschaft
subject: QC 020

description: Diese Dissertation besteht aus drei unabhängigen Artikeln in dem Forschungsfeld der Informationsökonomik. Ein wiederkehrendes Motiv in allen drei Artikeln ist die ambivalente Rolle von privater Information. In Kontrast zur klassischen Entscheidungstheorie, in der mehr Informationen Individuen niemals schlechter stellt, analysiere ich drei verschiedene Umgebungen, in denen mehr Konsumenteninformation die Konsumentenrente verringern kann.
description: This dissertation comprises three independent chapters in the field of information economics. The recurrent theme of all three chapters is the ambiguous role of information: While in standard decision theory additional information enables individuals to weakly increase utility through making better choices, I analyze three di erent environments in which more information to consumers may actually be detrimental to consumer utility.
Pourquoi la gamme a sept notes? Une math{é}matique des notes et des gammes
Creators: name: Dubois, François
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: History and Overview (math.HO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We present an algebraic construction of music notes and show how to associate them inseveral ways to construct music ranges. Then a family of ranges emerge with a fixed number of notes: two, three, five, seven, twelve, seventeen, etc. A classification of these scales is simple with the concept of multiplicative structure. The action of such a multiplicative structure on a music note introduces the definition of tonality. Multiplicative structure classification is then straightforward with the notions of type and mode. We detail the case of music scales with five and seven notes and propose musical examples for a wide range of modes.
description: in French language
The State of Academic Library Websites: A Usability Study
Creators: name: Stroscio, Charles
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012
Subjects: World Wide Web
User-interfaces--Testing
Web sites--Evaluation

description: Although much has been learned about good web design principles since academic library websites became commonplace, the changing landscape of the web makes it is necessary to periodically test the usability of library websites to assess how effectively they provide services and information to users.  Moreover, with users accessing library services remotely via the web more than ever before, the importance of library websites has increased proportionally.  This is especially true for music library websites, as users increasingly access scores and recordings through music libraries' websites.  This paper describes a task-based usability test designed to gather both quantitative and qualitative data about a university music library website.  The study was successful in identifying areas where the website could be improved and generating recommendations to make these changes.
Menschenrechte und Frauen in Afghanistan – über eine Dichotomie
Creators: name: Gardizi, Manija
Publisher: name: Südasien
Year: 2022

description: Afghanistan ist ein zu tiefst traditionell verankertes Land. Ein besonderes Merkmal der traditionellen Gesellschaft Afghanistans ist ihre Ablehnung von westlich geprägten, staatlichen Strukturen. Dies äußert sich nicht zuletzt darin, dass der Staat bisher auf subnationaler, also lokaler, Distrikt- und Provinzebene kaum Legitimation erfährt.
description: Südasien, Bd. 28/29 Nr. 4/1 2008/2009(2008): Menschenrechte in Südasien
Dichromatic state sum models for four-manifolds from pivotal functors
Creators: name: Bärenz, Manuel
name: Barrett, John W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A family of invariants of smooth, oriented four-dimensional manifolds is defined via handle decompositions and the Kirby calculus of framed link diagrams. The invariants are parameterised by a pivotal functor from a spherical fusion category into a ribbon fusion category. A state sum formula for the invariant is constructed via the chain-mail procedure, so a large class of topological state sum models can be expressed as link invariants. Most prominently, the Crane-Yetter state sum over an arbitrary ribbon fusion category is recovered, including the nonmodular case. It is shown that the Crane-Yetter invariant for nonmodular categories is stronger than signature and Euler invariant. A special case is the four-dimensional untwisted Dijkgraaf-Witten model. Derivations of state space dimensions of TQFTs arising from the state sum model agree with recent calculations of ground state degeneracies in Walker-Wang models. Relations to different approaches to quantum gravity such as Cartan geometry and teleparallel gravity are also discussed.
description: 52 pages. Clarifications, improvements and small additions in the current version. To appear in Communications of Mathematical Physics
Volatiles in the H$_2$O and CO$_2$ ices of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko
Creators: name: Rubin, Martin
name: Altwegg, Kathrin
name: Berthelier, Jean-Jacques
name: Combi, Michael R.
name: De Keyser, Johan
name: Fuselier, Stephen A.
name: Gombosi, Tamas I.
name: Gudipati, Murthy S.
name: Hänni, Nora
name: Kipfer, Kristina A.
name: Ligterink, Niels F. W.
name: Müller, Daniel R.
name: Shou, Yinsi
name: Wampfler, Susanne F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: ESA's Rosetta spacecraft at comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko (67P) was the first mission that accompanied a comet over a substantial fraction of its orbit. On board was the ROSINA mass spectrometer suite to measure the local densities of the volatile species sublimating from the ices inside the comet's nucleus. Understanding the nature of these ices was a key goal of Rosetta. We analyzed the primary cometary molecules at 67P, namely H$_2$O and CO$_2$, together with a suite of minor species for almost the entire mission. Our investigation reveals that the local abundances of highly volatile species, such as CH$_4$ and CO, are reproduced by a linear combination of both H$_2$O and CO$_2$ densities. These findings bear similarities to laboratory-based temperature programmed desorption experiments of amorphous ices and imply that highly volatile species are trapped in H$_2$O and CO$_2$ ices. Our results do not show the presence of ices dominated by these highly volatile molecules. Most likely, they were lost due to thermal processing of 67P's interior prior to its deflection to the inner solar system. Deviations in the proportions co-released with H$_2$O and CO$_2$ can only be observed before the inbound equinox, when the comet was still far from the sun and the abundance of highly volatile molecules associated with CO$_2$ outgassing were lower. The corresponding CO$_2$ is likely seasonal frost, which sublimated and lost its trapped highly volatile species before re-freezing during the previous apparition. CO, on the other hand, was elevated during the same time and requires further investigation.
description: This is a pre-copyedited, author-produced PDF of an article accepted for publication in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society following peer review. The version of record is available online at: https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stad3005
Worth a Thousand Words: Art and the User in the Public Library
Creators: name: Jack, Emily S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007
Subjects: User Behavior
Art in libraries
Library buildings
Public libraries

description: This paper presents the results of a study investigating the interactions between public library users, art, and library buildings. Drawing upon the results of an art inventory, user observations, a user survey, and staff interviews, the study addresses the extent of users' interactions with art in two public libraries, and the possible effects of art on users' library experiences. The research was driven by the question: Do public libraries in which the art displayed is perceived favorably draw more recreational users than public libraries in which the art displayed is unnoticed or perceived unfavorably? The study finds no relationship between patrons' activities and their tendency to view art, but finds that patrons are engaged by art, and suggests that users may spend more time in a library in which the art displayed is perceived favorably.
Front-end Electronics and Optimal Ganging Schemes for Single Photon Detection with Large Arrays of SiPMs in Liquid Argon
Creators: name: Carniti, P.
name: Cristaldo, E.
name: Falcone, A.
name: Gotti, C.
name: Pessina, G.
name: Terranova, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The operation of large arrays of silicon photomultipliers (SiPM) in tanks of noble liquids requires low noise, low power front-end amplifiers, able to operate reliably in the cryogenic environment. A suitable amplifier needs to be paired with a proper SiPM ganging scheme, meaning the series/parallel combination of SiPMs at its input. This paper presents a simple model to estimate the ganging scheme that gives the best signal to noise ratio once the basic electrical characteristics of the SiPM and amplifier are known. To prove the validity of the model, we used an amplifier based on discrete components, which achieves a white voltage noise in the 0.25-0.37 nV/$\surd$Hz range at liquid nitrogen temperature, while drawing 2-5 mW of power. Combined with the optimal ganging scheme obtained with the model, the amplifier demonstrated excellent single photon sensitivity up to 96 6x6 mm$^2$ SiPMs (total area 34.6 cm$^2$, S/N $\simeq$ 8-11). The measured results are in a good match with calculated values, predicting the possibility to achieve a clear separation of photoelectron peaks also with larger areas.
Bangladesch vor der Untersuchung im UPRVerfahren
Creators: name: Voß, Norman H.
Publisher: name: Südasien
Year: 2022

description: Bangladesch hat sechs der wichtigsten internationalen Menschenrechtsverträge ratifiziert. Gleichwohl sind trotz Zivilpakt etwa außergerichtliche Tötungen und illegale Inhaftierungen an der Tagesordnung. Trotz Anti-Folterkonvention bleibt Folter ein weitverbreitetes Untersuchungs- und Druckmittel; etwa zur Beschaffung von Geldern, Zwangsunterzeichnung falscher Zeugenaussagen oder als politische Maßnahme gegen Politiker. Das Strafgesetzbuch stellt Folter bislang nicht unter Strafe.
description: Südasien, Bd. 28/29 Nr. 4/1 2008/2009(2008): Menschenrechte in Südasien
Billig statt Bio
Creators: name: Dietsche, Christian
Publisher: name: Südasien
Year: 2022

description: Die weltweit steigende Nachfrage nach tropischen Garnelen hat in Bangladesch einen riesigen Wirtschaftszweig entstehen lassen. Doch der Appetit europäischer und US-amerikanischer Konsumenten geht zu Lasten der Umwelt.
description: Südasien, Bd. 28/29 Nr. 4/1 2008/2009(2008): Menschenrechte in Südasien
Report on the description of the MAX-DOAS profiles retrieval code and its validation
Creators: name: Castelli, Elisa
name: Pettinari, Paolo
name: Papandrea, Enzo
name: Premuda, Margherita
name: Di Liberto, Luca
name: Valeri, Massimo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: FRM4DOAS
QA4EO
MAX-DOAS
RETRIEVAL

description: This document is the report of the activities performed in the frame of WPs 2250-1.2 and 1.3 of the IDEAS-QA4EO Phase IIWPs-2250-2251 DOAS-BO: ”Towards a new FRM4DOAS-compliant site’. The WP 2250-1.2 and 1.3 are centered on the development and validation of NO2 and aerosol CNR-ISAC retrieval code for MAX-DOAS measurements.