cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Respiratory, autonomic and emotional responses to affect manipulation in high and low trait anxiety
Creators: name: Hood, MA
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: Investigations concerned with the autonomic characteristics of generalised anxiety disorder (GAD) patients indicate the influence of parasympathetic nervous system activity on heart rate is unresolved. As a result, the use of parasympathetic measures in GAD research may be of value. The functional physiology of respiration was reviewed and the importance of calibration procedures associated with respiratory inductive plethysmography for measuring respiratory mode excursions relative to volume changes was detailed. Findings from studies investigating involuntary respiratory changes indicate links exist between anxiety and fear states, personality predispositions and respiratory mode contribution differences. Specifically, rapid, shallow (thoracic (TH)) breathing may be associated with trait-anxiety. The conceptual framework of reversal theory is increasingly being used to explain the dynamics of emotion, stress and anxiety related behaviour. Experimental evidence demonstrates that telic dominance is associated with trait-anxiety. The process of inhibited reversal was used to explain how chronic anxiety could develop in telic dominant individuals.
title: Refining Methods for Quantifying Macroinvertebrate Estimates of Preference for Use in Stream Bioassessments
Creators: name: Wakeley Tomlinson, Ellen F.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2016

description: Two-thirds of United States stream length is in either fair or poor biological condition. However, we do not yet have reliable, quantitative tools to diagnose site-specific causes of biological impairment. One way to diagnose causes of impairment is to compare the environmental tolerances or preferences of the taxa expected at a site to those of the observed community. Stream ecologists have derived tolerance values (TVs) from field data for use in causal analysis, but inconsistencies across studies cast doubt on the accuracy of these TVs. Published TVs may not agree with one another for several reasons, including: differences in the methods used to estimate TVs, confounding among environmental variables, effects of environmental interactions on taxon abundance, and bias from incomplete sampling of a taxon’s niche space. My objectives were to determine if and how these four potential problems affect TVs and to determine if TVs can be used reliably in causal assessments. I collected macroinvertebrate, substrate, temperature, conductivity, and velocity data from 45 streams in the western U.S. Analyses of data from this field study suggest that incomplete sampling can profoundly influence TVs, whereas interactions may have little effect. Significant spatial correlations between environmental variables suggest that confounding may also affect the derivation of TVs, but the magnitude of this effect is unclear. Also, though each method used to estimate TVs has limitations, TVs derived from different methods appear to reveal the same environmental signal, and there may be little reason to prefer one method over another in a causal analysis. Over last few decades, researchers have begun to add biological traits, including estimates of preference and tolerance, to the suite of metrics used in bioassessments. As descriptors of important biological traits, TVs should help water quality managers reliably diagnose and combat the causes of biological stream impairment.
ARCADE 2 Measurement of the Extra-Galactic Sky Temperature at 3-90 GHz
Creators: name: Fixsen, D. J.
name: Kogut, A.
name: Levin, S.
name: Limon, M.
name: Lubin, P.
name: Mirel, P.
name: Seiffert, M.
name: Singal, J.
name: Wollack, E.
name: Villela, T.
name: Wuensche, C. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ARCADE 2 instrument has measured the absolute temperature of the sky at frequencies 3, 8, 10, 30, and 90 GHz, using an open-aperture cryogenic instrument observing at balloon altitudes with no emissive windows between the beam-forming optics and the sky. An external blackbody calibrator provides an {\it in situ} reference. Systematic errors were greatly reduced by using differential radiometers and cooling all critical components to physical temperatures approximating the CMB temperature. A linear model is used to compare the output of each radiometer to a set of thermometers on the instrument. Small corrections are made for the residual emission from the flight train, balloon, atmosphere, and foreground Galactic emission. The ARCADE 2 data alone show an extragalactic rise of $50\pm7$ mK at 3.3 GHz in addition to a CMB temperature of $2.730\pm .004$ K. Combining the ARCADE 2 data with data from the literature shows a background power law spectrum of $T=1.26\pm 0.09$ [K] $(ν/ν_0)^{-2.60\pm 0.04}$ from 22 MHz to 10 GHz ($ν_0=1$ GHz) in addition to a CMB temperature of $2.725\pm .001$ K.
description: 11 pages 5 figures Submitted to ApJ
title: Examining the Effects of Caregiver Coping Strategies on Care Recipient Outcomes
Creators: name: Wanzek, Joseph S.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2016

description: Dementia is a progressive syndrome with declines in cognitive and functional abilities. As the world’s population becomes increasingly older, prevalence rates are expected to increase exponentially to over 80 million affected by the year 2040. Individuals with dementia and their caregivers experience various difficulties associated with progression that increases stress for both parties. Caregiving can be burdensome and caregivers may employ a number of strategies to manage problems as they arise. Renewed interest has been focused on the care environment as one way to modify dementia progression as caregivers can be an influential person in the care recipient’s life. Two hundred sixty-six dyads consisting of persons with dementia and their caregivers were examined to investigate whether caregiving coping strategies influenced the care recipient’s time to severe dementia, institutionalization, and death. Using the Ways of Coping Checklist (WCCL-R), latent profile analysis was used to examine whether caregivers could be categorized based on their use of coping strategies.
Results indicated that caregivers could be profiled based on their use of coping strategies on the WCCL-R, as follows: problem-focused, acceptance-based, emotionfocused, and low coping classes. While there was good assignment for the latent classes, caregiver characteristics were not predictive of these groups per multinomial logistic regression. Cox regression was used to analyze survival times to the clinical outcomes of severe dementia, institutionalization, and mortality. While the latent profiles did not predict survival time to the three outcomes, the emotion-focused class (n =12) showed a trend in predicting hazard of death (HR = .522, p = .066, 95% CI = .261-1.045). Longer duration of dementia was associated with higher hazard of severe dementia (HR = 1.181, p = .003, 95% CI = 1.057-1.319), while older age of dementia onset was associated with higher hazard of death (HR = 1.085, p
Although caregiver coping profiles did not predict survival times for clinical outcomes, the successful classification of caregivers based on utilization of coping strategies may provide a useful way to study both caregiver and care recipient outcomes.
Vector Magnetic Current Imaging of an 8 nm Process Node Chip and 3D Current Distributions Using the Quantum Diamond Microscope
Creators: name: Oliver, Sean M.
name: Martynowych, Dmitro J.
name: Turner, Matthew J.
name: Hopper, David A.
name: Walsworth, Ronald L.
name: Levine, Edlyn V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The adoption of 3D packaging technology necessitates the development of new approaches to failure electronic device analysis. To that end, our team is developing a tool called the quantum diamond microscope (QDM) that leverages an ensemble of nitrogen vacancy (NV) centers in diamond, achieving vector magnetic imaging with a wide field-of-view and high spatial resolution under ambient conditions. Here, we present the QDM measurement of 2D current distributions in an 8-nm flip chip IC and 3D current distributions in a multi-layer PCB. Magnetic field emanations from the C4 bumps in the flip chip dominate the QDM measurements, but these prove to be useful for image registration and can be subtracted to resolve adjacent current traces in the die at the micron scale. Vias in 3D ICs display only Bx and By magnetic fields due to their vertical orientation and are difficult to detect with magnetometers that only measure the Bz component (orthogonal to the IC surface). Using the multi-layer PCB, we show that the QDM's ability to simultaneously measure Bx, By, and Bz is advantageous for resolving magnetic fields from vias as current passes between layers. We also show how spacing between conducting layers is determined by magnetic field images and how it agrees with the design specifications of the PCB. In our initial efforts to provide further z-depth information for current sources in complex 3D circuits, we show how magnetic field images of individual layers can be subtracted from the magnetic field image of the total structure. This allows for isolation of signal layers and can be used to map embedded current paths via solution of the 2D magnetic inverse. In addition, the paper also discusses the use of neural networks to identify 2D current distributions and its potential for analyzing 3D structures.
Understanding the role of open communication on couples’ relationship and psychological well-being during menopause : an examination of the mediating effects of communal coping with an Actor-Partner Interdependence Model
Creators: name: Yang, Yating
name: 0000-0002-1298-3580
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2023
Subjects: Menopause
Open communication
Communal coping
Actor-Partner Interdependent Model

description: Menopause-related symptoms can affect the lives of both partners in couples, and the way in which partners perceive and respond to menopause-related issues is likely to affect both partners’ psychological and relational well-being. Adopting the concept of communal coping, this study investigated how open communication was associated with the relational and psychological well-being of couples through shared appraisal and joint action using Actor-Partner Interdependence Models. After collecting dyadic data from 47 heterosexual couples, this study found that communal coping can emerge in heterosexual couples during the menopausal transition of female partners. This study also showed that: (a) joint action could be negatively associated with the relational well-being of menopausal couples while shared appraisal was positively related with individuals’ well-being, (b) open communication can promote both communal coping and well-being in menopausal couples, and (c) communal coping can serve as a mediator between open communication and relational well-being. This study makes a substantial contribution to the field of research on couples in which the female partner had transitioned through menopause and broadens the application context of communal coping. In addition, it contributes to the discussion on communal coping by highlighting that at least one dimension of communal coping could have negative effects on the well-being of individuals. Detailed interpretation of this study’s results and analyses of future research directions are presented.
Colloidal stability of tannins: astringency, wine tasting and beyond
Creators: name: Zanchi, D.
name: Poulain, C.
name: Konarev, P.
name: Tribet, C.
name: Svergun, D. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Tannin-tannin and tannin-protein interactions in water-ethanol solvent mixtures are studied in the context of red wine tasting. While tannin self-aggregation is relevant for visual aspect of wine tasting (limpidity and related colloidal phenomena), tannin affinities for salivary proline-rich proteins is fundamental for a wide spectrum of organoleptic properties related to astringency. Tannin-tannin interactions are analyzed in water-ethanol wine-like solvents and the precipitation map is constructed for a typical grape tannin. The interaction between tannins and human salivary proline-rich proteins (PRP) are investigated in the framework of the shell model for micellization, known for describing tannin-induced aggregation of beta-casein. Tannin-assisted micellization and compaction of proteins observed by SAXS are described quantitatively and discussed in the case of astringency.
$α$-Discounting Multi-Criteria Decision Making ($α$-D MCDM)
Creators: name: Smarandache, Florentin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.3

description: In this book we introduce a new procedure called α-Discounting Method for Multi-Criteria Decision Making (α-D MCDM), which is as an alternative and extension of Saaty Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). It works for any number of preferences that can be transformed into a system of homogeneous linear equations. A degree of consistency (and implicitly a degree of inconsistency) of a decision-making problem are defined. α-D MCDM is afterwards generalized to a set of preferences that can be transformed into a system of linear and or non-linear homogeneous and or non-homogeneous equations and or inequalities. The general idea of α-D MCDM is to assign non-null positive parameters α_1, α_2, and so on α_p to the coefficients in the right-hand side of each preference that diminish or increase them in order to transform the above linear homogeneous system of equations which has only the null-solution, into a system having a particular non-null solution. After finding the general solution of this system, the principles used to assign particular values to all parameters αis the second important part of α-D, yet to be deeper investigated in the future. In the current book we propose the Fairness Principle, i.e. each coefficient should be discounted with the same percentage (we think this is fair: not making any favoritism or unfairness to any coefficient), but the reader can propose other principles. For consistent decision-making problems with pairwise comparisons, α-Discounting Method together with the Fairness Principle give the same result as AHP. But for weak inconsistent decision-making problem, α-Discounting together with the Fairness Principle give a different result from AHP. Many consistent, weak inconsistent, and strong inconsistent examples are given in this book.
description: 62 pages
title: Cryostat System for Spacecraft Materials Testing
Creators: name: Dekany, Justin
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2016

description: The main cause of spacecraft failures is due to the harsh space environment; therefore, rigorous testing of materials used in modern spacecraft is imperative to ensure proper operation during the life span of the mission. Enhancing the capabilities of ground-based test facilities allows for more accurate measurements to be taken as it better simulates the environment to which spacecraft will be exposed. The range of temperature measurements has been significantly extended for an existing space environment simulation test chamber used in the study of electron emission, sample charging and discharge, electrostatic discharge and arcing, electron transport, and luminescence of spacecraft materials. This was accomplished by incorporating a new two-stage, closed-cycle helium cryostat, which has an extended sample temperature range from 450 K, with long-term controlled stability of -7Pa) that can simulate diverse space environments. These existing capabilities include controllable vacuum and ambient neutral gases conditions (< 10-7 to 10-1 Pa), electron fluxes (5 eV to 30 KeV monoenergetic, focused, pulsed sources ranging from 10-4 to 1010 nA-cm-2), ion fluxes (
A Psychophysics of active kinesthesis as measured by amplitude of movement
Creators: name: Reid, Ian Stewart
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The purpose of this study was to determine whether judgment, of amplitude of active movement was subserved by a prothetic or metathetic process. To differentiate between these two processes several psychophysical methods were employed. Fifty volunteer subjects were randomly assigned to one of five groups of equal N. Each of the groups produced movements under one of five experimental conditions. These conditions were: Ratio Production, Magnitude Production, Bisection of Ascending Stimulus Series, Bisection of Descending Stimulus Series, and Category Production The results of Group I (R.P.) and Group II (M.P.) showed that judgments of amplitude of movement were constant over the movement continuum as used in this study. There was also a lack of an hysteresis effect shown in the comparison of bisections of ascending and descending stimulus series. The comparison of the subjective and physical variables of category production also showed constant sensitivity over the continuum range. Taken as a whole, the findings tended to support the conclusion that judgments of amplitude of movement are subserved by a metathetic process.
Interval restriction : a composition system and its automation
Creators: name: MacArthur, JW
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: This dissertation presents composition project that includes a software tool and a folio of scores and recordings. A composition method called Interval Restriction Composition (IRC) is presented. The author has devised IRC for writing music using the equal tempered chromatic, and the system comes under close examination for its musical utility. A detailed study reveals that while IRC would allow the composer to write music with a high degree of intervallic integrity, the sheer volume of repetitive work needed to conform to the method places it out of reach of a composer working without the aid of a computer. The field of Computer Assisted Composition is then surveyed to determine whether available composition tools are suitable for the automation of IRC. It is acknowledged that there are tools that perform similar functions to that demanded of IRC, however they are considered to be either inadequate or inappropriate. Consequently, a software tool called Restricted Interval Counterpoint Engine (RICE) is presented. RICE is custom designed to automate Interval Restriction Composition. RICE also extends the system by providing musically useful functions, including auditioning. A folio of RICE assisted compositions and recordings is presented. These compositions are discussed in the context of RICE and IRC, as well as on their own merits. This discussion includes an evaluation of the compositions and the impact of RICE on IRC and the compositional process. Finally, discussion of future directions for the technical and musical improvement of IRC and the software conclude the dissertation.
title: Structural and Lithological Influences on the Tony Grove Alpine Karst System, Bear River Range, North-Central Utah
Creators: name: Bahr, Kirsten
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2016

description: The fracture-dominated Tony Grove alpine karst system in the Bear River Range in north-central Utah, has caves ranging from 5m deep, consisting of solution-enlarged single fractures, to the large, 374m deep, Main Drain Cave, characterized by a series of vertical drops and horizontal passages. The caves int he Tony Grove area are developed throughout the 510m thick Fish Haven and Laketown Dolomites. The Swan Peak Formation, consisting of orthoquartzite and shale, underlies the dolomites.
Surface fracture measurements (n=3502) yielded two distinctive sets of fractures. The northeast-southwest sets had a mean orientation of 41±0.7°
and the northwest-southeast set with a mean of 133±5°. Of the sixteen caves surveyed for fractures and passages, fifteen were controlled by fractures, although some caves had both facture-and non-fracture-controlled passages. Only one cave was entirely non-fracture controlled, likely due to a change in lithology.
Main Drain Cave, the only cave with long horizontal passages, was surveyed for both fracture and stratigraphic influences on horizontal cave development. Results indicate some sections are controlled by southeast-trending-fractures and other sections are controlled by southwest-dipping-bedding planes. Alternatively, parts of the down-dip-oriented sections may be influenced by southwest-oriented fractures. Stratigraphic control in this cave includes cherty layers that appear to hinder down-cutting of passages into lower stratigraphic units.
Surface mapping determined that there is a southeast-oriented fold pair east of the Logan Peak Syncline, consisting of the Naomi Peak Syncline and the Cottonwood Canyon Anticline. The anticline merges with the Logan Peak Syncline near the head of Cottonwood Canyon. The Naomi Peak Syncline continues north-northeast through the Tony Grove area and may divert water from the Tony Grove area to Wood Camp Hollow Spring in Logan Canyon. The anticline acts as a divide between groundwater traveling southwest to Dewitt Spring and south-southeast to Wood Camp Hollow Spring. The Swan Peak Formation appears to act as a barrier to groundwater movement into the underlying formations, separating the Tony Grove system from underlying systems.
Combining dynamical decoupling with fault-tolerant quantum computation
Creators: name: Ng, Hui Khoon
name: Lidar, Daniel A.
name: Preskill, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study how dynamical decoupling (DD) pulse sequences can improve the reliability of quantum computers. We prove upper bounds on the accuracy of DD-protected quantum gates and derive sufficient conditions for DD-protected gates to outperform unprotected gates. Under suitable conditions, fault-tolerant quantum circuits constructed from DD-protected gates can tolerate stronger noise, and have a lower overhead cost, than fault-tolerant circuits constructed from unprotected gates. Our accuracy estimates depend on the dynamics of the bath that couples to the quantum computer, and can be expressed either in terms of the operator norm of the bath's Hamiltonian or in terms of the power spectrum of bath correlations; we explain in particular how the performance of recursively generated concatenated pulse sequences can be analyzed from either viewpoint. Our results apply to Hamiltonian noise models with limited spatial correlations.
description: 44 pages, 10 figures; v3 contains an expanded section on Eulerian dynamical decoupling
The First Positive Detection of Molecular Gas in a GRB Host Galaxy
Creators: name: Prochaska, J. X.
name: Sheffer, Y.
name: Perley, D. A.
name: Bloom, J. S.
name: Lopez, L. A.
name: Dessauges-Zavadsky, M.
name: Chen, H. -W.
name: Filippenko, A. V.
name: Ganeshalingam, M.
name: Li, W.
name: Miller, A. A.
name: Starr, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on strong H2 and CO absorption from gas within the host galaxy of gamma-ray burst (GRB) 080607. Analysis of our Keck/LRIS afterglow spectrum reveals a very large HI column density (NHI = 10^22.70 cm^-2) and strong metal-line absorption at z_GRB = 3.0363 with a roughly solar metallicity. We detect a series of A-X bandheads from CO and estimate N(CO) = 10^16.5 cm^-2 and T_ex^CO > 100K. We argue that the high excitation temperature results from UV pumping of the CO gas by the GRB afterglow. Similarly, we observe H2 absorption via the Lyman-Werner bands and estimate N(H2) = 10^21.2 cm^-2 with T_ex^H2 = 10--300K. The afterglow photometry suggests an extinction law with R_V=4 and A_V=3.2 mag and requires the presence of a modest 2175A bump. Additionally, modeling of the Swift/XRT X-ray spectrum confirms a large column density with N(H) = 10^22.58 cm^-2. Remarkably, this molecular gas has extinction properties, metallicity, and a CO/H2 ratio comparable to those of translucent molecular clouds of the Milky Way, suggesting that star formation at high z proceeds in similar environments as today. However, the integrated dust-to-metals ratio is sub-Galactic, suggesting the dust is primarily associated with the molecular phase while the atomic gas has a much lower dust-to-gas ratio. Sightlines like GRB 080607 serve as powerful probes of nucleosynthesis and star-forming regions in the young universe and contribute to the population of "dark" GRB afterglows.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, 1 table. Accepted to ApJL on December 3, 2008
title: An Analysis of Airborne Data Collection Methods for Updating Highway Feature Inventory
Creators: name: He, Yi
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2016

description: Highway assets, including traffic signs, traffic signals, light poles, and guardrails, are important components of transportation networks. They guide, warn and protect drivers, and regulate traffic. To manage and maintain the regular operation of the highway system, state departments of transportation (DOTs) need reliable and up-to-date information about the location and condition of highway assets. Different methodologies have been employed to collect road inventory data.
Currently, ground-based technologies are widely used to help DOTs to continually update their road database, while air-based methods are not commonly used. One possible reason is that the initial investment for air-based methods is relatively high; another is the lack of a systematic and effective approach to extract road features from raw airborne light detection and ranging (LiDAR) data and aerial image data. However, for large-area inventories (e.g., a whole state highway inventory), the total cost of using aerial mapping is actually much lower than other methods considering the time and personnel needed. Moreover, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are easily accessible and inexpensive, which makes it possible to reduce costs for aerial mapping. The focus of this project is to analyze the capability and strengths of airborne data collection system in highway inventory data collection.
In this research, a field experiment was conducted by the Remote Sensing Service Laboratory (RSSL), Utah State University (USU), to collect airborne data. Two kinds of methodologies were proposed for data processing, namely ArcGIS-based algorithm for airborne LiDAR data, and MATLAB-based procedure for aerial photography. The results proved the feasibility and high efficiency of airborne data collection method for updating highway inventory database.
title: Balancing Agricultural and Urban Water Needs in Transitioning Arid Landscapes
Creators: name: Roos, Bonnie
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2016

description: In the arid western United States (U.S.), population expansion is dependent on water supply. With the majority of the water being consumed in agriculture, municipalities often obtain water supply needed for growth from agriculture. Water supply reallocation generally occurs through agricultural-to-urban water right transfers. This trend in agricultural-to-urban water transfers drives the question of how to strike a balance between agricultural and urban water needs in rapidly growing arid regions. In the Intermountain West region of the United States, Utah is a state with a rapidly growing population and limited water supply. This study occurred between 2015 and 2016, using a multi-method approach to understand agricultural-to-urban water transfers in Utah. Inperson interviews, participant observation, and secondary data collection methods focused on existing challenges and opportunities for striking a balance between these water interests. Data revealed that water transfers out of agriculture and into municipalities are more significant to areas of Utah experiencing rapid population growth. Policy challenges arise as water is seen as a monetary asset, incentivizing the reintroduction of old water rights into an established water priority system. Further challenges occur as municipal uses are given preference in state development strategies over agricultural uses. This preference can incentivize both the selling of water to municipalities and the gathering of large municipal water right portfolios. Balancing growth and water interests in transitioning landscapes is suggested through the use of agreements, as well as regional planning and collaboration. This transition, if not properly planned and accounted for in the water budget, can create dilemmas with water availability, delivery, and use as separate water providers prepare for growth within their own geographic boundaries. The Mt. Nebo Water Agency provides the opportunity for stakeholder involvement and boundary-spanning to occur between regional municipal and agricultural interests. Stakeholder involvement and boundary-spanning solutions are considered crucial factors for regional planning, particularly with resources like water that traverse political boundaries.
title: Community-based approaches to preconception care in Africa: A mixed methods systematic review protocol
Creators: name: Doe, Patience Fakornam
name: Azu, Theodora Dedo
Publisher: name: OSF Registries
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences
subject: Public Health
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Maternal, Child Health and Neonatal Nursing
subject: Education
subject: Health and Physical Education
subject: Rehabilitation and Therapy
subject: Public Health and Community Nursing
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Nursing
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Background: Preconception care (PCC) is vital for maternal and child health in Africa, yet traditional healthcare systems often inadequately address preconception health needs. Community-based approaches offer promise by leveraging existing community structures and resources. This systematic review protocol aims to synthesise evidence on the uptake, barriers, impact, and contextual factors of community-based preconception care in Africa.
Methods: Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, this mixed methods systematic review will employ a convergent synthesis design, integrating qualitative and quantitative findings through narrative synthesis and meta-analysis as appropriate. Comprehensive searches across relevant databases and institutional repositories will be conducted, including studies from inception to 2024. Both quantitative and qualitative research designs will be included, with data extraction and screening performed by two independent groups of reviewers. Expected outcomes include uptake of PCC, barriers to PCC uptake, the effect of community-based approaches on uptake of PCC, and factors influencing the effectiveness of community-based PCC approaches
The Rayleigh-Brillouin Spectrum in Special Relativistic Hydrodynamics
Creators: name: Garcia-Perciante, A. L.
name: Garcia-Colin, L. S.
name: Sandoval-Villalbazo, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we calculate the Rayleigh-Brillouin spectrum for a relativistic simple fluid according to three different versions available for a relativistic approach to non-equilibrium thermodynamics. An outcome of these calculations is that Eckart's version predicts that such spectrum does not exist. This provides an argument to question its validity. The remaining two results, which differ one from another, do provide a finite form for such spectrum. This raises the rather intriguing question as to which of the two theories is a better candidate to be taken as a possible version of relativistic non-equilibrium thermodynamics. The answer will clearly require deeper examination of this problem.
description: 13 pages, no figures. Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. E
title: Relationships between Riparian Vegetation, Hydrology, Climate and Disturbance across the Western United States
Creators: name: Hough-Snee, Nathaniel
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2016

description: Flow regime, the magnitude, duration and timing of streamflow, controls the development of floodplain landforms on which riparian vegetation communities assemble. Streamflow scours and deposits sediment, structures floodplain soil moisture dynamics, and transports propagules. Flow regime interacts with environmental gradients like climate, land-use, and biomass-removing disturbance to shape riparian plant distributions across landscapes. These gradients select for groups of riparian plant species with traits that allow them to establish, grow, and reproduce on floodplains – riparian vegetation guilds. Here I ask, what governs the distributions of groups of similar riparian plant species across landscapes? To answer this question, I identify relationships between riparian vegetation guilds and communities and environmental gradients across the American West. In Chapter One, I discuss guild-based classification in the context of community ecology and streams. In Chapter Two, I identified five woody riparian vegetation guilds across the interior Columbia and upper Missouri River Basins, USA, based on species’ traits and morphological attributes. I modeled guild occurrence across environmental gradients, including climate, disturbance, channel form attributes that reflect hydrology, and relationships between guilds. I found guilds’ distributions were related to hydrology, disturbance, and competitive or complementary interactions (niche partitioning) between co-occurring guilds. In Chapter Three, I examine floodplain riparian vegetation across the American West, identifying how hydrology, climate, and floodplain alteration shape riparian vegetation communities and their guilds. I identified eight distinct plant communities ranging from high elevation mixed conifer forests to gallery cottonwood forests to Tamarisk-dominated novel shrublands. I aggregated woody species into four guilds based on their traits and morphological attributes: an evergreen tree guild, a mesoriparian shrub guild, a mesoriparian tree guild, and a drought and hydrologic disturbance tolerant shrub guild. Communities and guilds’ distributions were governed by climate directly, and indirectly as mediated through streamflow. In Chapter Four, I discuss the utility of guild-based assessments of riparian vegetation, current limitations to these approaches, and potential future applications of the riparian vegetation guild concept to floodplain conservation and management. The classification of vegetation into functional trait-based guilds provides a flexible, framework from which to understand riparian biogeography, complementing other models frameworks for riparian vegetation.
On the existence and uniqueness of solutions to stochastic differential equations driven by G-Brownian motion with integral-Lipschitz coefficients
Creators: name: Lin, Yiqing
name: Bai, Xuepeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we study the existence and uniqueness of solutions to stochastic differential equations driven by G-Brownian motion (GSDEs) with integral-Lipschitz conditions on their coefficients.
title: Effects of a Flavonoid-Rich Diet on Gut Microbiota Composition and Production of Trimethylamine in Human Subjects
Creators: name: Bell, Justin S.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2016

description: The prevalence of cardiovascular disease is a major public health concern worldwide. It has been theorized that diets rich in fruits and vegetables may be protective against the development of cardiovascular disease mainly through their high content of flavonoids. Flavonoids were thought to influence traditional risk factors of cardiovascular disease such as blood pressure, lipid profile, and systemic inflammation. Recent clinical studies have shown that this may not be the case. The production of trimethylamine oxide (TMAO) by the gut microbiota from dietary sources of choline has been associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events. The objectives of this study were to determine the effects of a high flavonoid diet on gut microbiota composition and plasma trimethylamine oxide concentrations. Potential benefits of this research include the determination of a potential correlation between diet and markers of traditional and non-traditional risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Also, the effects that a high flavonoid diet has on the composition of the gut microbiota and plasma trimethylamine oxide concentrations may provide insight into possible dietary interventions to prevent cardiovascular disease.
title: Ground Vehicle Platooning Control and Sensing in an Adversarial Environment
Creators: name: Mitchell, Samuel A
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2016

description: The highways of the world are growing more congested. People are inherently bad drivers from a safety and system reliability perspective. Self-driving cars are one solution to this problem, as automation can remove human error and react consistently to unexpected events. Automated vehicles have been touted as a potential solution to improving highway utilization and increasing the safety of people on the roads. Automated vehicles have proven to be capable of interacting safely with human drivers, but the technology is still new. This means that there are points of failure that have not been discovered yet.
The focus of this work is to provide a platform to evaluate the security and reliability of automated ground vehicles in an adversarial environment. An existing system was already in place, but it was limited to longitudinal control, relying on a steel cable to keep the vehicle on track. The upgraded platform was developed with computer vision to drive the vehicle around a track in order to facilitate an extended attack. Sensing and control methods for the platform are proposed to provide a baseline for the experimental platform.
Vehicle control depends on extensive sensor systems to determine the vehicle position relative to its surroundings. A potential attack on a vehicle could be performed by jamming the sensors necessary to reliably control the vehicle. A method to extend the sensing utility of a camera is proposed as a countermeasure against a sensor jamming attack. A monocular camera can be used to determine the bearing to a target, and this work extends the sensor capabilities to estimate the distance to the target. This provides a redundant sensor if the standard distance sensor of a vehicle is compromised by a malicious agent. For a 320×200 pixel camera, the distance estimation is accurate between 0.5 and 3 m.
One previously discovered vulnerability of automated highway systems is that vehicles can coordinate an attack to induce traffic jams and collisions. The effects of this attack on a vehicle system with mixed human and automated vehicles are analyzed. The insertion of human drivers into the system stabilizes the traffic jam at the cost of highway utilization.
Studies of the global carbon cycle using atmospheric oxygen and associated tracers
Creators: name: Langenfelds, RL
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: This thesis presents research into the global carbon cycle using measurements of atmospheric composition made at the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation's (CSIRO) Global Atmospheric Sampling LABoratory (GASLAB). The focus is on high precision measurement of atmospheric 021N2 and its application to deduction of carbon fluxes due to surface exchange and atmospheric transport processes. A key theme is the use of multiple species (gas concentrations and isotopomer ratios) constraints to enhance both the interpretation of atmospheric data and the diagnosis of experimental artefacts. Behaviour of the linked carbon and oxygen cycles in the contemporary atmosphere is examined on three timescales, in each case addressing important but unresolved scientific issues: ‚Äö The long term trend in atmospheric 02/N2 constrains the partitioning of uptake of anthropogenic CO2between the oceans and the land biosphere. The partitioning is deduced here by determination of trends at.Cape Grim, Tasmania, based on 5 years of biweekly flask sampling and by reconstruction of a 23-year record using archived air. The results favour a small net global biospheric sink, implying significant oceanic and terrestrial (after allowance for land clearing) carbon uptake between 1978 and 2001. ‚Äö More than forty years of atmospheric CO2monitoring at Mauna Loa, Hawaii has revealed strong correlation in interannual variability (IAV) of CO 2growth rate with the El Nirio Southern Oscillation (ENSO). GASLAB multi-species measurements during the 1990s showed correlation of ENSO and global IAV in most of the measured species. They include CO 2 . established tracers of terrestrial carbon exchange (021N2 and 8' 3C) and other species (H2, CO and CH4) whose atmospheric budgets are not as obviously linked to CO 2 . A multi-species analysis implicates biomass burning as a major influence on IAV in all species. ‚Äö Seasonal cycling in composition of background Southern Hemisphere air is investigated by ground-based flask sampling of the marine boundary layer at Cape Grim and from aircraft-based vertical profiling of the troposphere to altitudes of 6-8 km above Cape Grim. Seasonal variations in the vertical 0211‚Äö12 gradient are useful as a constraint of vertical mixing rates. Measurements of CO2, 02/N2 and other relevant tracers are used to explore the relative contributions of multiple processes (atmospheric transport, terrestrial and air-sea exchange) to seasonal signals. Measurement of 021N2 to the precision required for global carbon cycle, studies is a major challenge. Extensive consideration is therefore given to the technical aspects of this measurement program, especially in relation to the mass spectrometric analytical technique and to gas handling procedures. Numerous causes of significant 02/N2 artefacts were identified, in some cases shedding light on artefacts previously observed, but not understood, for other species (e.g. CO2).
title: Throttleable GOX/ABS Launch Assist Hybrid Rocket Motor for Small Scale Air Launch Platform
Creators: name: Spurrier, Zachary S.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2016

description: Aircraft-based space-launch platforms allow operational flexibility and offer the potential for significant propellant savings for small-to-medium orbital payloads. The NASA Armstrong Flight Research Center’s Towed Glider Air-Launch System (TGALS) is a small-scale flight research project investigating the feasibility for a remotely-piloted, towed, glider system to act as a versatile air launch platform for nano-scale satellites. Removing the crew from the launch vehicle means that the system does not have to be human rated, and offers a potential for considerable cost savings. Utah State University is developing a small throttled launch-assist system for the TGALS platform. This "stage zero" design allows the TGALS platform to achieve the required flight path angle for the launch point, a condition that the TGALS cannot achieve without external propulsion. Throttling is required in order to achieve and sustain the proper launch attitude without structurally overloading the airframe. The hybrid rocket system employs gaseous-oxygen and acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) as propellants. This thesis summarizes the development and testing campaign, and presents results from the clean-sheet design through ground-based static fire testing. Development of the closed-loop throttle control system is presented.
title: Spider Aggregate Glue Sequence Characterization and Expression
Creators: name: Berg, Kyle
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2016

description: Spider aggregate glue is secreted on to the webs of many spiders in the superfamily Araneoidea. Aggregate glue is sticky when wet and has a unique stress strain curve that varies depending on the relative humidity and speed of probe retraction. These features make it an attractive target for applications such as underwater adhesives or surgical glues. However, little is known about the genetic sequence of the glue protein itself. In this work, a method is identified to isolate the remainder of the aggregate gene sequence, and genetic constructs glue are created using known aggregate gene sequence. One construct is expressed in E. coli BL21 cells and the protein is tested for its adhesive properties.
The Communication of Meaning in Anticipatory Systems: A Simulation Study of the Dynamics of Intentionality in Social Interactions
Creators: name: Leydesdorff, Loet
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Psychological and social systems provide us with a natural domain for the study of anticipations because these systems are based on and operate in terms of intentionality. Psychological systems can be expected to contain a model of themselves and their environments social systems can be strongly anticipatory and therefore co-construct their environments, for example, in techno-economic (co-)evolutions. Using Duboi's hyper-incursive and incursive formulations of the logistic equation, these two types of systems and their couplings can be simulated. In addition to their structural coupling, psychological and social systems are also coupled by providing meaning reflexively to each other's meaning-processing. Luhmann's distinctions among (1) interactions between intentions at the micro-level, (2) organization at the meso-level, and (3) self-organization of the fluxes of meaningful communication at the global level can be modeled and simulated using three hyper-incursive equations. The global level of self-organizing interactions among fluxes of communication is retained at the meso-level of organization. In a knowledge-based economy, these two levels of anticipatory structuration can be expected to propel each other at the supra-individual level.
description: Vice-Presidential Address at the 8th Int. Conference of Computing Anticipatory Systems (CASYS07), Liege, Belgium, 6-11 August 2007
SANOAT SEKTORI KORXONALARIDA MARKETING TIZIMINI BOSHQARISH MODELI
Creators: name: Buxoro muxandislik-texnologiyasi instituti  "Iqtisodiyot" kafedrasi o`qituvchisi  Jo`raeva Nasiba Rustamov
name: Biznes va tadbirkorlik oliy maktabidagi "70411202-Loyixa boshqaruvi" mutaxsisligi RM-22-V02 gurux  magistranti  Umedova Ma`rifat Madiyarovna
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: marketing, marketing tizimi,marketing kommunikatsiyalari.

 

Annotatsiya: maqolada sanoat sektori korxonalarida, xususan, korxonalarida marketing tizimini boshqarishni takomillashtirishning asosiy masalalari ko'rib chiqiladi. Amaldagi kontseptual apparatni, marketing tizimini axborot bilan ta'minlashni tashkil etish va mazmunini batafsil tahlil qilish va o'rganish marketing faoliyatini tashkil etishda yagona yondashuv mavjud emas degan xulosaga keldi. Bu, birinchi navbatda, mavjud yondashuv va usullarning tizimlashtirilmaganligi, korxonada marketing tizimini eng oqilona amalga oshirish imkonini beradigan yagona algoritmning yo'qligi bilan bog'liq. Bugungi kunda menejment amaliyoti va savdo amaliyoti zamonaviy bozor sharoitida marketingni boshqarish masalalari bo'yicha juda ko'p yondashuvlar va ekspert fikrlari bilan to'ldirilgan, ammo savollarning aksariyati ritorik bo'lib qolmoqda va barcha nuqtai nazarlar faqat maslahat xarakteriga ega.