cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Evolutionary palaeoecology of the megaherbivorous dinosaurs from the Dinosaur Park Formation (upper Campanian) of Alberta, Canada
Creators: name: Mallon, Jordan
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Paleoecology
subject: dinosaurs
subject: Dinosaur Park Formation
subject: megaherbivores
subject: evolutionary palaeoecology
subject: Alberta
subject: niche partitioning

description: During the Late Cretaceous, megaherbivorous dinosaurs flourished in the Western Interior of North America (Laramidia). At any one time, there were typically two ankylosaurs (one ankylosaurid plus one nodosaurid), two ceratopsids (one centrosaurine plus one chasmosaurine), and two hadrosaurids (one hadrosaurine plus one lambeosaurine) living in sympatry. This diversity exceeds that of living megaherbivorous mammal communities, and is only rarely observed in the mammalian fossil record. Opinions differ about how this diversity was achieved. Some have argued that megaherbivorous dinosaurs thrived because of their low metabolic rates, or because of high primary productivity during the Late Cretaceous, implying that food resources were not limiting. A similar outcome might have been achieved if predation pressure from theropods was sufficiently high to depress megaherbivore population densities, leading to reduced demand on plant resources. Others have argued that dietary niche partitioning played an important role in the coexistence of these animals, with each species consuming a different plant resource than the next, thereby minimizing interspecific competition. This dissertation uses the megaherbivorous dinosaur assemblage from the upper Campanian Dinosaur Park Formation (DPF) of Alberta, Canada, as a model to test the dietary niche partitioning hypothesis by examining several aspects of ecomorphology known to relate to the procurement and mastication of food. These include feeding height, skull and beak morphology, jaw mechanics, and tooth morphology and wear. Evidence is sought for taxonomic separation in ecomorphospace, particularly between coexisting species, which is known to reflect niche relationships with some fidelity. Although sympatric taxa are better discriminated by some features than others, consideration of the total evidence supports the dietary niche partitioning hypothesis, as even the most closely related, sympatric taxa can be statistically distinguished according to their ecomorphology. Whether these dietary niche relationships arose as a result of long-term competition, or whether they evolved allopatrically is not clear. However, the fact that consubfamilial species coexistence was uncommon—and when it did occur, was either short-lived or involved only rare species—implies that the structure of the megaherbivorous dinosaur assemblage from the DPF was at least partly influenced by competitive interactions.
Competing Many-Body Phases at Small Fillings in Ultrahigh-Quality GaAs 2D Hole Systems: Role of Landau Level Mixing
Creators: name: Wang, Chengyu
name: Gupta, A.
name: Singh, S. K.
name: Pfeiffer, L. N.
name: Baldwin, K. W.
name: Winkler, R.
name: Shayegan, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The fractional quantum Hall state (FQHS), an incompressible liquid state hosting anyonic excitations with fractional charge and statistics, represents a compelling many-body phase observed in clean two-dimensional (2D) carrier systems. The expected non-Abelian nature of the FQHSs at even-denominator Landau level (LL) fillings has particularly sparked considerable recent interest. At sufficiently small fillings, another exotic phase, namely a quantum Wigner crystal (WC) state, dominates. Here we report magneto-transport measurements in an ultrahigh-quality GaAs 2D \textit{hole} system where the large hole effective mass leads to a significant LL mixing (LLM) even at very high magnetic fields and affects the many-body states at very small fillings. We observe numerous developing FQHSs at both even- and odd-denominator fillings, deep in the insulating regime at $ν\lesssim$ 1/3 where WC states dominate. The FQHSs we observe at odd-denominator fillings on the flanks of $ν=$ 1/4 and 1/6 are consistent with the Abelian Jain sequence of four-flux and six-flux composite fermions, while the ones at even-denominator fillings $ν=$ 1/4 and 1/6 are likely non-Abelian states emerging from the pairing of these quasiparticles induced by severe LLM. Our results demonstrate that the competition between the FQHSs and WC phases is close at very small fillings even in the presence of severe LLM. We also measure activation energies of WC states near $ν=$ 1/6, and find that they are substantially larger than what has been reported for ultrahigh-quality GaAs 2D electrons. A moderate LLM is believed to lower the activation energy associated to the formation of WC intrinsic defects. The surprisingly large activation energy for our 2DHS with significant LLM is therefore puzzling, and may suggest a different type of intrinsic WC defect compared to that in 2D electrons.
description: 17 pages, 15 figures
TRANSACTIONAL FEATURES OF PROVERBS IN ENGLISH AND UZBEK LANGUAGES
Creators: name: Panayeva, Qunduzxon
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Proverbs are a type of traditional wisdom that has been passed down through generations. In English and Uzbek literature, proverbs are used to convey important messages and values to readers. Proverbs are one of the most important genres of folklore, and today new aspects of linguistics are revealed through the in-depth study of proverbs in comparative linguistics.
Equilibrium Conditions of Carbon Dioxide and Ethane Gas Hydrate in the Presence of Binary Mixtures of Methanol and Sodium Chloride
Creators: name: Alqahtani, Fahd
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Engineering--Petroleum
subject: gas hydrate, thermodynamic inhibitors

description: For oil and gas production operations, in which the possibility of gas hydrate formation exists, methanol is used extensively to thermodynamically inhibit gas hydrate formation. In cases where sea water, or brine, are also produced along with the natural gas the dissolved salt will also thermodynamically inhibit gas hydrate formation. Thus, having quantitative information on the inhibiting effect of the mixed solution of methanol and NaCl can allow operators to fine tune the amount of methanol that needs to be added to a given stream. In the current study, the three-phase equilibrium conditions of carbon dioxide and ethane gas hydrate formation, in the presence of mixtures of sodium chloride and aqueous methanol solutions, were experimentally determined. The experimental data were obtained in a sapphire variable volume cell by using the isothermal pressure search method. With each gas, the hydrates were formed in three different aqueous solutions of methanol and sodium chloride. The three solutions that were used were 5% methanol/10% NaCl, 10% methanol/10% NaCl and 10% methanol/5% NaCl. The experimental temperature ranged from 267.57 to 273.01 K and the experimental pressure ranged from 0.7 to 3.0 MPa. As expected, it was found that the pressure required to form the hydrates in the mixed inhibitor solution was greater than the pressure required to form the hydrates in pure water. However, it was also noted that the solutions had a greater inhibiting effect on the formation of carbon dioxide hydrates than on the formation of ethane hydrates. Finally, the experimental data was used to test the correlating capability of the equation of state of Clarke and Bishnoi (2004). It was seen that the equation of state was able to successfully correlate the experimental data.
Deformed Heisenberg algebra and minimal length
Creators: name: Masłowski, T.
name: Nowicki, A.
name: Tkachuk, V. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A one-dimensional deformed Heisenberg algebra $[X,P]=if(P)$ is studied. We answer the question: For what function of deformation $f(P)$ there exists a nonzero minimal uncertainty in position (minimal length). We also find an explicit expression for the minimal length in the case of arbitrary function of deformation.
description: to be published in JPA
Additional file 7 of Cost-effectiveness of MRI targeted biopsy strategies for diagnosing prostate cancer in Singapore
Creators: name: Cheng, Li-Jen
name: Soon, Swee Sung
name: Tan, Teck Wei
name: Tan, Cher Heng
name: Lim, Terence Sey Kiat
name: Tay, Kae Jack
name: Loke, Wei Tim
name: Ang, Bertrand
name: Chiong, Edmund
name: Ng, Kwong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 7: Fig. S1. ICER tornado diagram for Strategy 4 vs Strategy 1 (full chart).
Quantum criticality of bandwidth-controlled Mott transition
Creators: name: Takai, Kensaku
name: Yamaji, Youhei
name: Assaad, Fakher F.
name: Imada, Masatoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Metallic states near the Mott insulator show a variety of quantum phases including various magnetic, charge ordered states and high-temperature superconductivity in various transition metal oxides and organic solids. The emergence of a variety of phases and their competitions are likely intimately associated with quantum transitions between the electron-correlation driven Mott insulator and metals characterized by its criticality, and is related to many central questions of condensed matter. The quantum criticality is, however, not well understood when the transition is controlled by the bandwidth through physical parameters such as pressure. Here, we quantitatively estimate the universality class of the transition characterized by a comprehensive set of critical exponents by using a variational Monte Carlo method implemented as an open-source innovated quantum many-body solver, with the help of established scaling laws at a typical bandwidth-controlled Mott transition. The criticality indicates a weaker charge and density instability in contrast to the filling-controlled transition realized by carrier doping, implying a weaker instability to superconductivity as well. The present comprehensive clarification opens up a number of routes for quantitative experimental studies for complete understanding of elusive quantum Mott transition and nearby strange metal that cultivate future design of functionality.
description: 18 pages, 16 figures
Exploring the Galaxy at TeV energies: Latest results from the H.E.S.S. Galactic Plane Survey
Creators: name: Gast, Henning
name: Brun, François
name: Carrigan, Svenja
name: Chaves, Ryan C. G.
name: Deil, Christoph
name: Djannati-Ataï, Arache
name: Gallant, Yves
name: Marandon, Vincent
name: de Naurois, Mathieu
name: Reyes, Raquel de los
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The High Energy Stereoscopic System (H.E.S.S.) is an array of four imaging atmospheric-Cherenkov telescopes located in Namibia and designed to detect extensive air showers initiated by gamma-rays in the very-high-energy domain. It is an ideal instrument for surveying the Galactic plane in search of new sources, thanks to its location in the Southern Hemisphere, its excellent sensitivity, and its large field-of-view. The efforts of the H.E.S.S. Galactic Plane Survey, the first comprehensive survey of the inner Galaxy at TeV energies, have contributed to the discovery of an unexpectedly large and diverse population of over 60 sources of VHE gamma rays within its current range of l=250 to 65 degrees in longitude and |b|<=3.5 degrees in latitude. The population of VHE gamma-ray emitters is dominated by the pulsar wind nebula and supernova remnant source classes, although nearly a third remain unidentified or confused. The sensitivity of H.E.S.S. to sources in the inner Galaxy has improved significantly over the past two years, from continued survey observations, dedicated follow-up observations of interesting source candidates, and from the development of advanced methods for discrimination of gamma-ray-induced showers from the dominant background of hadron-induced showers. The latest maps of the Galaxy at TeV energies will be presented, and a few remarkable new sources will be highlighted.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, appears in the Proceedings of the 32nd International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC 2011), Beijing, China, 11th to 18th August 2011
The Authentic Self: A Constructivist Grounded Theory of Gay Fatherhood in Alberta
Creators: name: Roughley, Robert
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mental Health
subject: Gay Fatherhood
subject: Sexual Identity
subject: Transitions

description: Over the past 6 decades, research exploring gay fatherhood has told many interesting and often conflicting stories of gay men as parents. Within the current landscape of gay fatherhood in Canada, very little research exists that informs counseling practitioners of the processes in which gay men navigate in their roles as fathers. This grounded theory study explores the processes gay fathers in Alberta, once married to women with children, negotiate as they experience key developmental milestones. Based on the identity transitions of 12 gay fathers, 6 categories emerged: (a) foundational years, (b) the sexual self, (c) becoming and fatherhood, (d) shifting of identity, (e) protection and place, and (f) the authentic self. Contributions to the academic and professional literature are discussed. Recommendations for future research are identified and discussed.
Effect of macrophage depletion on avian infectious bronchitis coronavirus infection
Creators: name: Kameka, Amber Marie
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Animal Physiology
subject: Virology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: macrophage
subject: infectious bronchitis virus
subject: chicken

description: Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) causes severe respiratory tract infections in young chickens and has significant negative impact on the poultry industry. Information on the functional roles of macrophages in response to IBV infection is scarce. Objectives of the work described in the thesis were to 1) establish an effective means of depleting macrophages within the respiratory tract of chickens using clodronate encapsulated-liposomes, 2) determine the effects of IBV infection on macrophage numbers in vivo, and 3) the effect of macrophage depletion on the replication of IBV and resulting pathogenesis. We found that clodronate encapsulated-liposomes were effective in significantly depleting macrophages in the respiratory tract. We also observed that an infection with the Conn strain IBV results in an increase in macrophage numbers in trachea and lung, and that clodronate encapsulated-liposome treated trachea have a higher IBV genome load at the beginning of infection when compared to untreated tissues. Our data suggests that respiratory macrophages may play an important role in limiting the replication of IBV within respiratory tissues.
A Multi-Wavelength High Resolution Study of the S255 Star Forming Region. General structure and kinematics
Creators: name: Zinchenko, I.
name: Liu, S. -Y.
name: Su, Y. -N.
name: Kurtz, S.
name: Ojha, D. K.
name: Samal, M. R.
name: Ghosh, S. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present observational data for two main components (S255IR and S255N) of the S255 high mass star forming region in continuum and molecular lines obtained at 1.3 mm and 1.1 mm with the SMA, at 1.3 cm with the VLA and at 23 and 50 cm with the GMRT. The angular resolution was from ~ 2" to ~ 5" for all instruments. With the SMA we detected a total of about 50 spectral lines of 20 different molecules (including isotopologues). About half of the lines and half of the species (in particular N2H+, SiO, C34S, DCN, DNC, DCO+, HC3N, H2CO, H2CS, SO2) have not been previously reported in S255IR and partly in S255N at high angular resolution. Our data reveal several new clumps in the S255IR and S255N areas by their millimeter wave continuum emission. Masses of these clumps are estimated at a few solar masses. The line widths greatly exceed expected thermal widths. These clumps have practically no association with NIR or radio continuum sources, implying a very early stage of evolution. At the same time, our SiO data indicate the presence of high-velocity outflows related to some of these clumps. In some cases, strong molecular emission at velocities of the quiescent gas has no detectable counterpart in the continuum. We discuss the main features of the distribution of NH3, N2H+, and deuterated molecules. We estimate properties of decimeter wave radio continuum sources and their relationship with the molecular material.
description: 21 pages, 26 figures, accepted for publication in Astrophysical Journal
Novel early warning technique for colorectal cancer based on gut microbes
Creators: name: 韩书文(Han Shuwen)
Publisher: name: CNGB
Year: 2023
Subjects: Genome sequencing and assembly
Raw sequence reads
Genome sequencing
Assembly
Metagenome
Metagenomic assembly
Virus sequences
Multispecies
Medical

description: This project takes the key population of colorectal cancer in 8 community hospitals of the urban medical consortium led by the applicant unit (covering all central urban areas) as the research object. It intends to screen out the high-risk population of colorectal cancer through questionnaire survey and fecal occult blood test. Stool samples before the first colonoscopy were collected from all high-risk groups and stored to provide technical support for the screening of gut microbes for the early warning of colorectal cancer.
Additional file 8 of Cost-effectiveness of MRI targeted biopsy strategies for diagnosing prostate cancer in Singapore
Creators: name: Cheng, Li-Jen
name: Soon, Swee Sung
name: Tan, Teck Wei
name: Tan, Cher Heng
name: Lim, Terence Sey Kiat
name: Tay, Kae Jack
name: Loke, Wei Tim
name: Ang, Bertrand
name: Chiong, Edmund
name: Ng, Kwong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 8: Table S7. Probabilistic sensitivity analyses of all strategies for base case.
Highly Efficient Year-Round Energy and Comfort Optimization of HVAC Systems in Electric City Buses
Creators: name: Widmer, Fabio
name: Ritter, Andreas
name: Achermann, Mathias
name: Büeler, Fabian
name: Bagajo, Joshua
name: Onder, Christopher H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: In this paper, we present a novel approach to perform highly efficient numerical simulations of the heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning (HVAC) system of an electric city bus. The models for this simulation are based on the assumption of a steady-state operation. We show two approaches to obtain the minimum energy requirement for a certain thermal comfort criterion under specific ambient conditions. Due to the computationally efficient approach developed, we can evaluate the model on a large dataset of 7500 scenarios in various ambient conditions to estimate the year-round performance of the system subject to different comfort requirements. Compared to a heating strategy based on positive temperature coefficient (PTC) elements, we can thus show that a heat pump (HP) can reduce the annual mean power consumption by up to 60%. Ceiling-mounted radiant heating elements complementing a PTC heating system can reduce the annual mean power consumption by up to 10%, while they cannot improve the energy efficiency when used in conjunction with a HP. Finally, a broad sensitivity study reveals the fact that improving the HP's heating-mode coefficient of performance (COP) manifests the largest leverage in terms of mean annual power consumption. Moreover, the annual energy expenditure for cooling are around eight times smaller than those for heating. The case study considered thus reveals that the advantages of improving the COP of the cooling mode are significantly lower.
Morphological and Molecular Insights into the Biodiversity of Gastrointestinal Parasites from Canadian Grizzly (Ursus arctos horribilis) and Black Bears (Ursus americanus)
Creators: name: Catalano, Stefano
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2014
Subjects: Forestry and Wildlife
Parasitology
Veterinary Science

description: Classical and molecular parasitology are powerful tools for clinical diagnostics, for disease transmission surveys, and for designing strategies to control infections and outbreaks. Parasite communities have been demonstrated to strongly affect host population dynamics and viability. The absence of baseline data, and the potential detrimental effects on host health, supported the investigation of the gastrointestinal parasite fauna of free-living grizzlies (Ursus arctos horribilis) and black bears (Ursus americanus) from Alberta and British Columbia, Canada. The study provided new insights into parasite biodiversity and infection patterns in Canadian bears. For the first time, the cestode species Diphyllobothrium dendtriticum, Diphyllobothrium nihonkaiense, and Taenia arctos have been unequivocally identified in North American bears. The present research also elucidated the systematics of the ursine hookworm species Uncinaria rauschi and Uncinaria yukonensis, determining their place within the family Ancylostomatidae.
Additional file 1 of Introgression among North American wild grapes (Vitis) fuels biotic and abiotic adaptation
Creators: name: Morales-Cruz, Abraham
name: Aguirre-Liguori, Jonas A.
name: Zhou, Yongfeng
name: Minio, Andrea
name: Riaz, Summaira
name: Walker, Andrew M.
name: Cantu, Dario
name: Gaut, Brandon S.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Statistics of the V. arizonica b40-14 genome assembly. Table S2. Summary table of the BUSCO genes of both haplotypes detected in the V. arizonica genome assembly. Table S3. Accession identifiers and geographical coordinates of the 130 accessions used in this study. Table S4. Chromosome size, raw number of predicted SNPs and number of SNPs after filtering across all 130 samples. Table S5. Genome-wide calculation of nucleotide diversity (휋) within per species. Table S6. Results from genome-wide estimates of introgressions across all combination of trios tested. Table S7. GO terms significantly enriched (p
The Role Of Inflammation In A New Rabbit Model Of Post-Traumatic Osteoarthritis
Creators: name: Huebner, Kyla
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Biophysics--Medical
subject: Medicine and Surgery
subject: Osteoarthritis
subject: Inflammation
subject: Dexamethason
subject: Knee
subject: Orthopedics

description: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a debilitating chronic disease. A significant proportion of the population suffering from OA develop it post-injury. This is particularly worrisome as this population is often young, and current interventions do little to prevent or delay the development of OA. Anterior cruciate ligaments (ACL) are commonly damaged during injuries, and reconstruction fails to prevent subsequent development of OA. Many studies are assessing mechanical changes to the joint after injury as the cause of OA; however, if mechanics are maintained after surgical intervention, biological changes in the joint must be contributing to the development of OA. Inflammation has become an area of interest in the pathogenesis of OA. There is little understanding of the pathophysiology of the development of post-traumatic OA (PTOA) and without this, few interventions will be successful in preventing OA. Using a novel animal model of PTOA developed and validated for this purpose, which produced no gross mechanical instability, I tested the hypothesis that after an isolated intra-articular bone injury, inflammation is critical in the development of PTOA. The major findings of this dissertation confirm this central hypothesis and are as follows: First, intra-articular drill holes reproducibly result in cartilage damage as seen in OA without gross mechanical instability. Second, the use of intra-articular glucocorticoids inhibits inflammation and prevents cartilage damage in this model, confirming the role of inflammation in causing damage. Third, IL-1Ra partially inhibits synovial and fat pad inflammation and partially protects articular cartilage. Fourth, feG which inhibits leukocyte migration is ineffective in inhibiting joint inflammation and cartilage damage, suggesting leukocyte migration alone is not a major factor in OA. These studies suggest that PTOA has a significant inflammatory component resulting in cartilage damage. While my work suggests that post-injury use of glucocorticoids may have a role in inhibiting cartilage damage, further study of the specific inflammatory mechanisms and the use of more targeted anti-inflammatory treatments will elucidate better management of joint injuries and provide a framework for not only better understanding PTOA, but for preventing its development.
Additional file 2 of Introgression among North American wild grapes (Vitis) fuels biotic and abiotic adaptation
Creators: name: Morales-Cruz, Abraham
name: Aguirre-Liguori, Jonas A.
name: Zhou, Yongfeng
name: Minio, Andrea
name: Riaz, Summaira
name: Walker, Andrew M.
name: Cantu, Dario
name: Gaut, Brandon S.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology

description: Additional file 2: Figure S1. Genetic clustering of all samples (including hybrid samples) detected by the structure analyses from K = 2 to K = 10. Figure S2. Consensus maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree created with IQtree using 15,893 informative sites found by SNPphylo. Figure S3. Clock calibrated phylogenetic tree created with BEAST using 15,893 informative sites found by SNPphylo. Figure S4. Results of the Fbranch statistic using species tree models. Figure S5. Pairs of species that show evidence of introgression present evidence of overlap at three periods: present, Holocene, Pleistocene. Figure S6. Pairs of species that do not show evidence of introgression present no or low overlap at three periods: present, Holocene, Pleistocene. Figure S7. Pairs of species that do not show evidence of introgression but have overlapping distributions at three periods: present, Holocene, Pleistocene. Figure S8. Genomic size distribution of the windows used to calculate the ABBA-BABA statistics per trio. Figure S9. Distribution the fdM statistic values across windows per trio. Figure S10. Distribution the fd statistic values across windows per trio. Figure S11. Manhattan plot of all the middle point value all windows with fdM values for all nine trios. Figure S12. Scatterplot showing correlations between the fdM and fd statistics across all windows in the genome. Figure S13. Mean gene density of across the whole genome and within the pIRs of all the trios. Figure S14. Average weights of phylogenetic relationships in the pIRs. SNPs from pIRs for each trio were split in 10Kb windows to create a phylogenetic tree for each window. Figure S15. Principal component variance LFMM association analyses. Figure S16. QQ plots showing the logarithm of the p-values for a linear regression model, the LFMM model using 7 LF and without controlling for a genome inflation factor and controlling for a genome inflation factor. Figure S17. Manhattan plot of LFMM association results for the concentration of X. fastidiosa. The red lines indicate the threshold at an FDR < 0.05. Figure S18. QQ plots showing the logarithm of the p-values for a linear regression model (gray), and LFMM models using 6-12 LF and controlling for a genome inflation factor. Figure S19. Number of associated candidate SNPs per bioclimatic variables per species.
Rich Counter-Examples for Temporal-Epistemic Logic Model Checking
Creators: name: Busard, Simon
name: Pecheur, Charles
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Model checking verifies that a model of a system satisfies a given property, and otherwise produces a counter-example explaining the violation. The verified properties are formally expressed in temporal logics. Some temporal logics, such as CTL, are branching: they allow to express facts about the whole computation tree of the model, rather than on each single linear computation. This branching aspect is even more critical when dealing with multi-modal logics, i.e. logics expressing facts about systems with several transition relations. A prominent example is CTLK, a logic that reasons about temporal and epistemic properties of multi-agent systems. In general, model checkers produce linear counter-examples for failed properties, composed of a single computation path of the model. But some branching properties are only poorly and partially explained by a linear counter-example. This paper proposes richer counter-example structures called tree-like annotated counter-examples (TLACEs), for properties in Action-Restricted CTL (ARCTL), an extension of CTL quantifying paths restricted in terms of actions labeling transitions of the model. These counter-examples have a branching structure that supports more complete description of property violations. Elements of these counter-examples are annotated with parts of the property to give a better understanding of their structure. Visualization and browsing of these richer counter-examples become a critical issue, as the number of branches and states can grow exponentially for deeply-nested properties. This paper formally defines the structure of TLACEs, characterizes adequate counter-examples w.r.t. models and failed properties, and gives a generation algorithm for ARCTL properties. It also illustrates the approach with examples in CTLK, using a reduction of CTLK to ARCTL. The proposed approach has been implemented, first by extending the NuSMV model checker to generate and export branching counter-examples, secondly by providing an interactive graphical interface to visualize and browse them.
description: In Proceedings IWIGP 2012, arXiv:1202.4229
Validation of the Comprehensive Hierarchical Evaluation of Disability based on Activity Limitations (miFunction) Scale: A Pilot Study
Creators: name: Burley, Tyler
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nursing
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Psychometrics
subject: Nursing
subject: Psychometrics
subject: Disability

description: Background: A reliable measure of deficits following stroke is crucial in the measurement of the outcome of a therapeutic stroke trial. The modified Rankin Scale (mRS) is currently the most widely used primary outcome measure in acute stroke trials despite substantial interobserver variability, which impairs outcome assessment and reduces the power of clinical trials. In 2000, the World Health Organization (WHO) developed a patient-centered, International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF). Guided by the ICF, stroke researchers and clinicians at the University of Calgary developed a comprehensive, hierarchical assessment tool (miFunction) to address the shortcomings of the mRS and deliver a more thorough understanding of disability following stroke as it is now defined. Methods: The initial validation of miFunction involved an assessment of inter-observer reliability (Kappa Statistic) as well as its convergent validation (Pearson Correlation Coefficient) against the mRS. Participants were recruited from a population of stroke survivors at an outpatient stroke prevention clinic in Calgary, Alberta and were eligible for inclusion to the study if they had been diagnosed with stroke within 60 days. A sample size of 30 was the target and was achieved over the course of 5 months in 2013 Results: Although the results demonstrated only moderate inter-observer agreement (k= 0.585, p<.005), almost perfect correlation between miFunction and mRS was established (r=0.821, p<0.05). Discussion: miFunction has demonstrated a strong ability to assess disability following stroke, though there remains work to be done to improve its inter-observer reliability. This work must further consider the language used for the assessment questions so as to avoid ambiguity, confusion or misinterpretation.
Function, functional conservation and interactions of the membrane-bound endo-1,4-beta-glucanases orthologous to Korrigan
Creators: name: Maloney, Victoria Jane
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Plant endoglucanses (E.C. 3.2.1.4) encompass multi-gene families across several plant clades, all belonging to the glycosyl hydrolase 9 (GH9) family. One class of GH9 enzymes is unique in that all members possess sequences that encode an N-terminal membrane-anchoring domain. This class of enzymes, termed membrane-bound endo-1,4-beta-glucanases, is the focus of this thesis. The most extensively studied enzyme was first discovered in Arabidopsis and was given the name KORRIGAN (KOR) because of the dwarfed phenotype and cellulose deficiency apparent in plants exhibiting KOR gene mutations. Research has principally focused on Arabidopsis and other non-tree species and the possible role that the enzyme might play in primary cell wall development and cellulose synthesis. However, very little research with KOR has been conducted on trees and secondary cell wall development. Consequently, I investigated the effects of mis-regulating KOR in hybrid poplar and white spruce. I was able to demonstrate that the down-regulation of the hybrid poplar KOR gene increases the crystallinity of the secondary cell wall cellulose and affects the relationship between cellulose and the hemicellulose cell wall components. Concurrently, we were the first to isolate and characterize the KOR gene and suppress KOR gene activity in white spruce. Expression of white spruce KOR in Arabidopsis kor1-1 mutants demonstrated that the gene is able to rescue the mutant phenotype, providing evidence for functional equivalence. Additionally, suppression of the gene in white spruce reduced growth and cellulose content. Since KOR has been demonstrated to be required in cells undergoing cellulose synthesis, we investigated whether or not the KOR protein and the cellulose synthase complex (CSC) interact. Although we were not able to provide evidence for any KOR-protein interaction, we were able to disprove the hypothesis that KOR interacts with CesA7, a member of the secondary cell wall CSC. Collectively, the expression, functional characterization, and interaction data suggest that KOR does not function in direct contact with the CSC, but rather that it plays a role in the later stages of cell wall development, presumably in the relaxation of the stresses around the cellulose microfibril or in the separation of putative cellulose macrofibrils.
Semiclassical limit for generalized KdV equations before the gradient catastrophe
Creators: name: Masoero, Davide
name: Raimondo, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the semiclassical limit of the (generalised) KdV equation, for initial data with Sobolev regularity, before the time of the gradient catastrophe of the limit conservation law. In particular, we show that in the semiclassical limit the solution of the KdV equation: i) converges in $H^s$ to the solution of the Hopf equation, provided the initial data belongs to $H^s$, ii) admits an asymptotic expansion in powers of the semiclassical parameter, if the initial data belongs to the Schwartz class. The result is also generalized to KdV equations with higher order linearities.
description: 23 pages, minor corrections
Deep Neural Network Architecture Search for Accurate Visual Pose Estimation aboard Nano-UAVs
Creators: name: Cereda, Elia
name: Crupi, Luca
name: Risso, Matteo
name: Burrello, Alessio
name: Benini, Luca
name: Giusti, Alessandro
name: Pagliari, Daniele Jahier
name: Palossi, Daniele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Miniaturized autonomous unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are an emerging and trending topic. With their form factor as big as the palm of one hand, they can reach spots otherwise inaccessible to bigger robots and safely operate in human surroundings. The simple electronics aboard such robots (sub-100mW) make them particularly cheap and attractive but pose significant challenges in enabling onboard sophisticated intelligence. In this work, we leverage a novel neural architecture search (NAS) technique to automatically identify several Pareto-optimal convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for a visual pose estimation task. Our work demonstrates how real-life and field-tested robotics applications can concretely leverage NAS technologies to automatically and efficiently optimize CNNs for the specific hardware constraints of small UAVs. We deploy several NAS-optimized CNNs and run them in closed-loop aboard a 27-g Crazyflie nano-UAV equipped with a parallel ultra-low power System-on-Chip. Our results improve the State-of-the-Art by reducing the in-field control error of 32% while achieving a real-time onboard inference-rate of ~10Hz@10mW and ~50Hz@90mW.
description: \c{opyright} 2023 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works
Circular Dichroism of Crystals from First Principles
Creators: name: Multunas, Christian
name: Grieder, Andrew
name: Xu, Junqing
name: Ping, Yuan
name: Sundararaman, Ravishankar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Chiral crystals show promise for spintronic technologies on account of their high spin selectivity, which has led to significant recent interest in quantitative characterization and first-principles prediction of their spin-optoelectronics properties. Here, we outline a computational framework for efficient ab-initio calculations of circular dichroism (CD) in crystalline materials. We leverage direct calculations of orbital angular momentum and quadrupole matrix element calculations in density-functional theory (DFT) and Wannier interpolation to calculate CD in complex materials, removing the need for band convergence and accelerating Brillouin-zone convergence compared to prior approaches. We find strong agreement with measured CD signals in molecules and crystals ranging in complexity from small bulk unit cells to 2D hybrid perovskites, and show the importance of the quadrupole contribution to the anisotropic CD in crystals. Spin-orbit coupling affects the CD of crystals with heavier atoms, as expected, but this is primarily due to changes in the electronic energies, rather than due to direct contributions from the spin matrix elements. We showcase the capability to predict CD for complex structures on a 2D hybrid perovskite, finding strong orientation dependence and identifying the eigen-directions of the unit cell with the strongest CD. We additionally decompose CD into separate contributions from inorganic, organic, and mixed organic-inorganic transitions, finding the chiral molecules to dominate the CD, with the inorganic lattice contributing at higher frequencies in specific directions. This unprecedented level of detail in CD predictions in crystals will facilitate experimental development of complex chiral crystals for spin selectivity.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures
Fundamental Parameters of four Massive Eclipsing Binaries in Westerlund 1
Creators: name: Koumpia, E.
name: Bonanos, A. Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present fundamental parameters of 4 massive eclipsing binaries in the young massive cluster Westerlund 1. The goal is to measure accurate masses and radii of their component stars, which provide much needed constraints for evolutionary models of massive stars. Accurate parameters can further be used to determine a dynamical lower limit for the magnetar progenitor and to obtain an independent distance to the cluster. Our results confirm and extend the evidence for a high mass for the progenitor of the magnetar.
description: 2 pages, to appear in the proceedings of the IAUS 282 on "From Interacting Binaries to Exoplanets:Essential Modelling Tools" (Tatranska Lomnica, July 18-22, 2011), Cambridge University Press
Interactions Between Carbon Dioxide and Calcium Carbonate Storage Conditions
Creators: name: Conejo, Maria
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2014
Subjects: Engineering--Chemical
Engineering--Environmental

description: In the last 100 years, the average global temperature has increased by approximately 0.8°C. If the atmospheric CO2 continues to increase at the current rates, the concentrations will reach 550 ppm by 2050. Such concentrations of atmospheric CO2 may result in irreversible environmental damages. Thus, the development of a successful method of CO2 storage is imperative. Injection of clean and compressed CO2 into geological reservoirs is recently the most explored method. This thesis reports the effect that CO2 has on the solubility of CaCO3, and vice versa. It addresses the thermodynamic conditions that may lead to CO2 storage via the formation of solid Ca(HCO3)2. The results obtained demonstrate that limestone increases the solubility of CO2 at low CO2 pressures and concentrations. It was also determined that the equilibrium pressure at which the reversible reaction between CaCO3 and Ca(HCO3)2 occurs is much lower than the previously speculated pressure of 15 atm.
Metaheuristic conditional neural network for harvesting skyrmionic metastable states
Creators: name: Xu, Qichen
name: Miranda, I. P.
name: Pereiro, Manuel
name: Rybakov, Filipp N.
name: Thonig, Danny
name: Sjöqvist, Erik
name: Bessarab, Pavel
name: Bergman, Anders
name: Eriksson, Olle
name: Herman, Pawel
name: Delin, Anna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present a metaheuristic conditional neural-network-based method aimed at identifying physically interesting metastable states in a potential energy surface of high rugosity. To demonstrate how this method works, we identify and analyze spin textures with topological charge $Q$ ranging from 1 to $-13$ (where antiskyrmions have $Q<0$) in the Pd/Fe/Ir(111) system, which we model using a classical atomistic spin Hamiltonian based on parameters computed from density functional theory. To facilitate the harvest of relevant spin textures, we make use of the newly developed Segment Anything Model (SAM). Spin textures with $Q$ ranging from $-3$ to $-6$ are further analyzed using finite-temperature spin-dynamics simulations. We observe that for temperatures up to around 20\,K, lifetimes longer than 200\,ps are predicted, and that when these textures decay, new topological spin textures are formed. We also find that the relative stability of the spin textures depend linearly on the topological charge, but only when comparing the most stable antiskyrmions for each topological charge. In general, the number of holes (i.e., non-self-intersecting curves that define closed domain walls in the structure) in the spin texture is an important predictor of stability -- the more holes, the less stable is the texture. Methods for systematic identification and characterization of complex metastable skyrmionic textures -- such as the one demonstrated here -- are highly relevant for advancements in the field of topological spintronics.
Additional file 3 of Introgression among North American wild grapes (Vitis) fuels biotic and abiotic adaptation
Creators: name: Morales-Cruz, Abraham
name: Aguirre-Liguori, Jonas A.
name: Zhou, Yongfeng
name: Minio, Andrea
name: Riaz, Summaira
name: Walker, Andrew M.
name: Cantu, Dario
name: Gaut, Brandon S.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology

description: Additional file 3. Review history.