cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
ReSpawn: Energy-Efficient Fault-Tolerance for Spiking Neural Networks considering Unreliable Memories
Creators: name: Putra, Rachmad Vidya Wicaksana
name: Hanif, Muhammad Abdullah
name: Shafique, Muhammad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Hardware Architecture (cs.AR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Spiking neural networks (SNNs) have shown a potential for having low energy with unsupervised learning capabilities due to their biologically-inspired computation. However, they may suffer from accuracy degradation if their processing is performed under the presence of hardware-induced faults in memories, which can come from manufacturing defects or voltage-induced approximation errors. Since recent works still focus on the fault-modeling and random fault injection in SNNs, the impact of memory faults in SNN hardware architectures on accuracy and the respective fault-mitigation techniques are not thoroughly explored. Toward this, we propose ReSpawn, a novel framework for mitigating the negative impacts of faults in both the off-chip and on-chip memories for resilient and energy-efficient SNNs. The key mechanisms of ReSpawn are: (1) analyzing the fault tolerance of SNNs; and (2) improving the SNN fault tolerance through (a) fault-aware mapping (FAM) in memories, and (b) fault-aware training-and-mapping (FATM). If the training dataset is not fully available, FAM is employed through efficient bit-shuffling techniques that place the significant bits on the non-faulty memory cells and the insignificant bits on the faulty ones, while minimizing the memory access energy. Meanwhile, if the training dataset is fully available, FATM is employed by considering the faulty memory cells in the data mapping and training processes. The experimental results show that, compared to the baseline SNN without fault-mitigation techniques, ReSpawn with a fault-aware mapping scheme improves the accuracy by up to 70% for a network with 900 neurons without retraining.
description: To appear at the 40th IEEE/ACM International Conference on Computer-Aided Design (ICCAD), November 2021, Virtual Event
THE RESULTS OBTAINED BY VARIOUS METHODS IN TRADITIONAL SURGICAL PRACTICE AND THE USE OF OPTIMAL SUTURE MATERIALS
Creators: name: Madazimov, M.M.
name: Kurbanov, Kh.A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: The problem under consideration is that the frequency of purulent-septic complications after emergency surgeries is 23.5-71.2%, while in planned surgeries this figure is 0.29%-30%. This situation is described as follows: in emergency surgical pathology, patients often experience symptoms of intoxication, which in turn is due to the fact that the body's protective function is in a decompensated state. It should also be noted that emergency surgeries are performed under conditions of high contamination of organs and tissues, as well as in the group of "conditionally dirty" and "dirty" surgeries, with a high risk of post-diagnostic purulent complications.
Local PT symmetry violates the no-signaling principle
Creators: name: Lee, Yi-Chan
name: Hsieh, Min-Hsiu
name: Flammia, Steven T.
name: Lee, Ray-Kuang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bender et al. have developed PT-symmetric quantum theory as an extension of quantum theory to non-Hermitian Hamiltonians. We show that when this model has a local PT symmetry acting on composite systems it violates the non-signaling principle of relativity. Since the case of global PT symmetry is known to reduce to standard quantum mechanics, this shows that the PT-symmetric theory is either a trivial extension or likely false as a fundamental theory.
description: 3 pages, 1 figure
Towards Energy-Efficient and Secure Edge AI: A Cross-Layer Framework
Creators: name: Shafique, Muhammad
name: Marchisio, Alberto
name: Putra, Rachmad Vidya Wicaksana
name: Hanif, Muhammad Abdullah
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Hardware Architecture (cs.AR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The security and privacy concerns along with the amount of data that is required to be processed on regular basis has pushed processing to the edge of the computing systems. Deploying advanced Neural Networks (NN), such as deep neural networks (DNNs) and spiking neural networks (SNNs), that offer state-of-the-art results on resource-constrained edge devices is challenging due to the stringent memory and power/energy constraints. Moreover, these systems are required to maintain correct functionality under diverse security and reliability threats. This paper first discusses existing approaches to address energy efficiency, reliability, and security issues at different system layers, i.e., hardware (HW) and software (SW). Afterward, we discuss how to further improve the performance (latency) and the energy efficiency of Edge AI systems through HW/SW-level optimizations, such as pruning, quantization, and approximation. To address reliability threats (like permanent and transient faults), we highlight cost-effective mitigation techniques, like fault-aware training and mapping. Moreover, we briefly discuss effective detection and protection techniques to address security threats (like model and data corruption). Towards the end, we discuss how these techniques can be combined in an integrated cross-layer framework for realizing robust and energy-efficient Edge AI systems.
description: To appear at the 40th IEEE/ACM International Conference on Computer-Aided Design (ICCAD), November 2021, Virtual Event
The Cure: Making a game of gene selection for breast cancer survival prediction
Creators: name: Good, Benjamin M.
name: Loguercio, Salvatore
name: Griffith, Obi L.
name: Nanis, Max
name: Wu, Chunlei
name: Su, Andrew I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Genomics (q-bio.GN)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Motivation: Molecular signatures for predicting breast cancer prognosis could greatly improve care through personalization of treatment. Computational analyses of genome-wide expression datasets have identified such signatures, but these signatures leave much to be desired in terms of accuracy, reproducibility and biological interpretability. Methods that take advantage of structured prior knowledge (e.g. protein interaction networks) show promise in helping to define better signatures but most knowledge remains unstructured. Crowdsourcing via scientific discovery games is an emerging methodology that has the potential to tap into human intelligence at scales and in modes previously unheard of. Here, we developed and evaluated a game called The Cure on the task of gene selection for breast cancer survival prediction. Our central hypothesis was that knowledge linking expression patterns of specific genes to breast cancer outcomes could be captured from game players. We envisioned capturing knowledge both from the players prior experience and from their ability to interpret text related to candidate genes presented to them in the context of the game. Results: Between its launch in Sept. 2012 and Sept. 2013, The Cure attracted more than 1,000 registered players who collectively played nearly 10,000 games. Gene sets assembled through aggregation of the collected data clearly demonstrated the accumulation of relevant expert knowledge. In terms of predictive accuracy, these gene sets provided comparable performance to gene sets generated using other methods including those used in commercial tests. The Cure is available at http://genegames.org/cure/
Gromacs parameter of "Folds from Fold: Exploring Topological Isoforms of a Single Domain Protein"
Creators: name: Qu, Zhiyu
name: Xu, Lianjie
name: Jiang, Fengyi
name: Liu, Yuan
name: Zhang, Wen-Bin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Expanding the protein fold space beyond linear chains is of fundamental significance, yet remains largely unexplored. Herein, we report the creation of seven topological isoforms (i.e., linear, cyclic, knot, lasso, pseudorotaxane, and catenane) from a single protein fold precursor by rewiring the connectivity of secondary structure elements of the SpyTag-SpyCatcher complex and mutating the reactive residue on SpyTag to abolish the isopeptide bonding. These topological isoforms can be directly expressed in cells. Their topologies were confirmed by combined techniques of proteolytic digestion, fluorescence correlation spectroscopy, size-exclusion chromatography, and topological transformation. To study the effects of topology on their structures and properties, their biophysical properties were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry, HSQC-NMR, and circular dichroism spectroscopy. Molecular dynamic simulations were further performed to reveal the atomic details of structural changes upon denaturation. Both experimental and simulation results suggest that they share a similar, well-folded hydrophobic core but exhibit distinct folding/unfolding dynamic behaviors. These results shed light onto the folding landscape of topological isoforms derived from the same protein fold. As a model system, this work improves our understanding of protein structure and dynamics beyond linear chains and holds the implication that protein folds are highly amenable to topological variation.
Generating Watermarked Adversarial Texts
Creators: name: Li, Mingjie
name: Wu, Hanzhou
name: Zhang, Xinpeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Adversarial example generation has been a hot spot in recent years because it can cause deep neural networks (DNNs) to misclassify the generated adversarial examples, which reveals the vulnerability of DNNs, motivating us to find good solutions to improve the robustness of DNN models. Due to the extensiveness and high liquidity of natural language over the social networks, various natural language based adversarial attack algorithms have been proposed in the literature. These algorithms generate adversarial text examples with high semantic quality. However, the generated adversarial text examples may be maliciously or illegally used. In order to tackle with this problem, we present a general framework for generating watermarked adversarial text examples. For each word in a given text, a set of candidate words are determined to ensure that all the words in the set can be used to either carry secret bits or facilitate the construction of adversarial example. By applying a word-level adversarial text generation algorithm, the watermarked adversarial text example can be finally generated. Experiments show that the adversarial text examples generated by the proposed method not only successfully fool advanced DNN models, but also carry a watermark that can effectively verify the ownership and trace the source of the adversarial examples. Moreover, the watermark can still survive after attacked with adversarial example generation algorithms, which has shown the applicability and superiority.
description: https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=IdiF7M0AAAAJ&hl=en
The Rogue Waves with Quintic Nonlinearity and Nonlinear Dispersion effects in Nonlinear Optical Fibers
Creators: name: Zhao, Li-Chen
name: Liu, Chong
name: Yang, Zhan-ying
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present exact rational solution for a modified nonlinear Schr$\ddot{o}$dinger equation that takes into account quintic nonlinearity and nonlinear dispersion corrections to the cubic nonlinearity, which could be used to describe rogue wave in nonlinear fibers. We find the rogue wave with these higher order effects has identical shape with the well-known one in nonlinear Schr$\ddot{o}$dinger equation. However, the quintic nonlinear term and nonlinear dispersion effect affect the velocity of rogue wave, and the evolution of its phase.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures
Luca Demontis, Enrico di Castiglia senatore di Roma (1267-1268). Diplomazia, guerra e propaganda tra il comune di “popolo” e la corte papale, Edizioni Antonianum, Roma, 2017, p. 218 (Medioevo, 28). ISBN 9788872571019.
Creators: name: Antonetti, Antonio
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Salerno
Year: 2018
Subjects: Enrique di Castiglia; propaganda; Odo di Châteauroux

description: Schola Salernitana - Annali, Vol 23 (2018)
A thermodynamic formalism approach to the Selberg zeta function for Hecke triangle surfaces of infinite area
Creators: name: Pohl, Anke D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Primary: 37D40, 37C30, Secondary: 37B10

description: We provide an explicit construction of a cross section for the geodesic flow on infinite-area Hecke triangle surfaces which allows us to conduct a transfer operator approach to the Selberg zeta function. Further we construct closely related cross sections for the billiard flow on the associated triangle surfaces and endow the arising discrete dynamical systems and transfer operator families with two weight functions which presumably encode Dirichlet respectively Neumann boundary conditions. The Fredholm determinants of these transfer operator families constitute dynamical zeta functions, which provide a factorization of the Selberg zeta function of the Hecke triangle surfaces.
description: 23 pages, 6 figures
Scar outcomes in children post burn healing with conservative management
Creators: name: Ball, Stephanie
Publisher: name: Macquarie University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Other education not elsewhere classified

description: This thesis investigates the prevalence and predictors of hypertrophic scarring in children who sustained a burn injury. It builds upon current literature, that increasing days to re-epithelisation is one of the most important factors associated with hypertrophic scar development. Recent literature suggests that wound healing occurring after 14 days may place the child at risk of hypertrophic scar development. Anecdotally, at the Children’s Hospital at Westmead, burn therapists have observed a percentage of patients conservatively managed and healing in >14 days develop hypertrophic scarring. Therefore, a retrospective medical record audit was conducted, surveying the outcomes of 326 children who had sustained a burn injury, were not skin grafted and healed in >14 days. Prevalence of hypertrophic scarring was identified at two time points: 3–6 months for early presence and 12–18 months for persistent hypertrophic scar. Healing times were divided into 14–21, 22–30 and >30 days, in order to identify patients scarring by healing time. Prevalence of hypertrophic scarring at 3–6 months was 56.1% and 16.3% at 12–18 months. Early hypertrophic scar monitoring, and where indicated initiation of prophylactic scar intervention, may be warranted for all children conservatively managed who heal in >14 days. To provide improved efficacy of individualized prophylactic scar interventions to this patient population, comparison of this intervention to no intervention until hypertrophic scar development or no intervention at all, needs to be conducted. Future research should also focus on defining a hypertrophic scar within a scar scale feasible for clinical use to improve reporting on prevalence and predictors of hypertrophic scarring.
Higher-order least squares: assessing partial goodness of fit of linear causal models
Creators: name: Schultheiss, Christoph
name: Bühlmann, Peter
name: Yuan, Ming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We introduce a simple diagnostic test for assessing the overall or partial goodness of fit of a linear causal model with errors being independent of the covariates. In particular, we consider situations where hidden confounding is potentially present. We develop a method and discuss its capability to distinguish between covariates that are confounded with the response by latent variables and those that are not. Thus, we provide a test and methodology for partial goodness of fit. The test is based on comparing a novel higher-order least squares principle with ordinary least squares. In spite of its simplicity, the proposed method is extremely general and is also proven to be valid for high-dimensional settings.
NOTES: Buildings - in Bradwell, Datchet, Marlow, Olney, Stowe and Thornborough; Demolitions; Church restorations; Wing airport; Wall-painting at Marsh Gibbon; Two famous railway carriages built at Wolverton; St Mary's Church, Aylesbury; Bledlow Cross; Ordnance Survey
Creators: name: Richards, Peter
name: Oakley, K
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2023

description: Records of Buckinghamshire, 18 (5), 442-445
Phase-resolved X-ray spectra of magnetars and the coronal outflow model
Creators: name: Hascoet, R.
name: Beloborodov, A. M.
name: Hartog, P. R. den
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We test a model recently proposed for the persistent hard X-ray emission from magnetars. In the model, hard X-rays are produced by a decelerating electron-positron flow in the closed magnetosphere. The flow decelerates as it radiates its energy away via resonant scattering of soft X-rays, then it reaches the top of the magnetic loop and annihilates there. We test the model against observations of three magnetars: 4U 0142+61, 1RXS J1708-4009, and 1E 1841-045. We find that the model successfully fits the observed phase-resolved spectra. We derive constraints on the angle between the rotational and magnetic axes of the neutron star, the object inclination to the line of sight, and the size of the active twisted region filled with the plasma flow. Using the fit of the hard X-ray component of the magnetar spectrum, we revisit the remaining soft X-ray component. We find that it can be explained by a modified two-temperature blackbody model. The hotter blackbody is consistent with a hot spot covering 1-10% of the neutron star surface. Such a hot spot is expected at the base of the magnetospheric e+- outflow, as some particles created in the e+- discharge flow back and bombard the stellar surface.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures, 2 tables. Submitted to ApJL
title: Contributions to Robust Graph Clustering: Spectral Analysis and Algorithms
Creators: name: Tastan, Aylin
Publisher: name: UNSPECIFIED
Year: 2023

description: This dissertation details the design of fast, and parameter free, graph clustering methods to robustly determine set cluster assignments. It provides spectral analysis as well as algorithms that adapt the obtained theoretical results to the implementation of robust graph clustering techniques. Sparsity is of importance in graph clustering and a first contribution of the thesis is the definition of a sparse graph model consistent with the graph clustering objectives. This model is based on an advantageous property, arising from a block diagonal representation, of a matrix that promotes the density of connections within clusters and sparsity between them. Spectral analysis of the sparse graph model including the eigen-decomposition of the Laplacian matrix is conducted. The analysis of the Laplacian matrix is simplified by defining a vector that carries all the relevant information that is contained in the Laplacian matrix. The obtained spectral properties of sparse graphs are adapted to sparsity-aware clustering based on two methods that formulate the determination of the sparsity level as approximations to spectral properties of the sparse graph models. A second contribution of this thesis is to analyze the effects of outliers on graph clustering and to propose algorithms that address robustness and the level of sparsity jointly. The basis for this contribution is to specify fundamental outlier types that occur in the cases of extreme sparsity and the mathematical analysis of their effects on sparse graphs to develop graph clustering algorithms that are robust against the investigated outlier effects. Based on the obtained results, two different robust and sparsity-aware affinity matrix construction methods are proposed. Motivated by the outliers’ effects on eigenvectors, a robust Fiedler vector estimation and a robust spectral clustering methods are proposed. Finally, an outlier detection algorithm that is built upon the vertex degree is proposed and applied to gait analysis. The results of this thesis demonstrate the importance of jointly addressing robustness and the level of sparsity for graph clustering algorithms. Additionally, simplified Laplacian matrix analysis provides promising results to design graph construction methods that may be computed efficiently through the optimization in a vector space instead of the usually used matrix space.
NOTES: Conservation of chancel screen, North Crawley; Re-use of medieval material in an outbuilding, Hedgerley Green; Discoveries in the north aisle of Denham Church; A polished stone axe from Kickles' Farm, Newport Pagnell; Redundant churches; Grange Farm, Widmer End, Hughenden
Creators: name: Bennell, J
name: Green, H
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2023

description: Records of Buckinghamshire, 19 (3), 352-355
Interference Coordination Schemes for Wireless Mobile Advanced Systems: A Survey
Creators: name: Boujelben, Maissa
name: Benrejeb, Sonia
name: Tabbane, Sami
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 94-02

description: Mobile communication networks have witnessed a perpetual evolution since their launching as voice only networks. In the few past years, the focus was addressed to high data rate networks that offer high quality of service. The lately released LTE-Advanced network was the first to completely fulfill 4G requirements. However, performance gains remain limited due to severe interference levels. This paper is a survey upon the evolution of interference mitigation solutions from Release 8 to Release 11. This problem was addressed since earlier releases by coordinating transmission/reception among different cells. Many enhancements were then carried out by each subsequent specification. The originality of this work resides on the comparison between the different schemes and the perspective of developing a new interference coordination method available for 4G and beyond systems with small cells deployment. Several similarities are noted and differences on performance impact are highlighted.
description: 11 pages, 14 figures. e-ISSN: 2278-2834,p- ISSN: 2278-8735.Volume 9, Issue 1, Ver. I (Feb. 2014), PP 00-00
Study of determinant factors and magnitude of birth preparedness/complication readiness practice among rural women of Bench Maji Zone, SNNPR, Ethiopia
Creators: name: Biftu Bogale
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015

description: Birth preparedness and complication readiness have been considered as comprehensive strategy

aimed at promoting the timely utilization of skilled maternal health care. However, its status and

affecting factors have not been well studied at different levels in the study area. Thus, this study was

aimed to fill this gap by conducting community based study in Semen Bench Woreda, Bench Maji Zone,

SNNPR, Ethiopia

Method

Community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 581 recently delivered women in Semen

Bench Woreda, Bench Maji Zone, SNNPR, Ethiopia. Interviewer administered questionnaire was used for data

collection . The study employed multistage sampling techniques . Descriptive, binary and multiple logistic

regression analyses were conducted to assess the association between determinant factors and birth

preparedness and complication readiness practices..
Clarisas y dominicas. Modelos de implantación, filiación, promoción y devoción en la Península Ibérica, Cerdeña, Nápoles y Sicilia, edizione a cura di Gemma-Teresa Colesanti, Blanca Garí e Núria Jornet-Benito, Firenze University Press, Firenze 2017, pp. 528. ISBN 9788864536750 (print); ISBN 9788864536767 (online PDF); ISBN 9788864536798 (online EPUB).
Creators: name: Palomba, Miriam
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Salerno
Year: 2018
Subjects: Conventi femminili

description: Schola Salernitana - Annali, Vol 23 (2018)
Implementation of early palliative care in an oncologic outpatient clinic – an observational study of the first year
Creators: name: Gill, Sabine Ute Alice
name: Hollegaard, Stine
name: Schønnemann, Katrine Rahbek
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Hematology
subject: Computational Biology

description: As earlier studies found that early onset specialized palliative care (ESPC) results in better quality of life (QoL), less hospitalization and chemotherapy toward end-of life, we implemented ESPC in our oncology outpatient clinic. The aim of this study was to describe reasons for referral, interventions performed and the satisfaction among the oncologic staff. The outpatient ESPC clinic was established in the department of oncology. Prespecified selected data was obtained from the patients records. All patients were asked to fill in a questionnaire concerning their symptoms and QOL. A survey among the oncologic personnel concerning their perception of the clinic was conducted. All data were consecutively collected in a share point database. We included 134 patients. The primary referral symptoms were pain (69%) or psychological/existential challenges (23%). 55% of patients filled in an EORTC questionnaire and rated a median (QoL) of 3.4. Interventions initiated were on based on the following symptoms: pain (70%), constipation (53%), nausea (15%), dyspnea (10%) and depression (7%). Median waiting time was 13 days. Of the 134 patients referred to the ESPC clinic 101 was admitted. Symptoms and problems were resolved in the ESPC clinic for 81 of the 101 admitted patients (80%), i.e., after one consultation for 25 patients and after a follow up course in the clinic for 56 patients. A survey among the staff at the Department of Oncology demonstrated a high degree of satisfaction with the ESPC clinic. We report experiences from implementation of ESPC in our outpatient oncologic clinic, where 81 (80%) of the admitted patients could be finished after one or a few follow up contacts, as their symptoms had been resolved. There was a high degree of satisfaction with the clinic among the oncologic staff.
Observations of Unresolved Photospheric Magnetic Fields in Solar Flares Using Fe I and Cr I Lines
Creators: name: Gordovskyy, Mykola
name: Lozitsky, Vsevolod G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The structure of the photospheric magnetic field during solar flares is examined using echelle spectropolarimetric observations. The study is based on several Fe I and Cr I lines observed at locations corresponding to brightest H$α$ emission during thermal phase of flares. The analysis is performed by comparing magnetic field values deduced from lines with different magnetic sensitivities, as well as by examining the fine structure of $I\pm V$ Stokes profiles splitting. It is shown that the field has at least two components, with stronger unresolved flux tubes embedded in weaker ambient field. Based on a two-component magnetic field model, we compare observed and synthetic line profiles and show that the field strength in small-scale flux tubes is about $2-3$ kG. Furthermore, we find that the small-scale flux tubes are associated with flare emission, which may have implications for flare phenomenology.
description: Accepted for publication in Solar Physics
Measuring the properties of active galactic nuclei disks with gravitational waves
Creators: name: Vajpeyi, Avi
name: Thrane, Eric
name: Smith, Rory
name: McKernan, Barry
name: Ford, K. E. Saavik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Active galactic nuclei (AGN) are promising environments for the assembly of merging binary black hole (BBH) systems. Interest in AGNs as nurseries for merging BBH is rising following the detection of gravitational waves from a BBH system from the purported pair-instability mass gap, most notably, GW190521. Active galactic nuclei have also been invoked to explain the formation of the high-mass-ratio system, GW190814. We draw on simulations of BBH systems in AGN to propose a phenomenological model for the distribution of black hole spins of merging binaries in AGN disks. The model incorporates distinct features that make the AGN channel potentially distinguishable from other channels, such as assembly in the field and in globular clusters. The model parameters can be mapped heuristically to the age and density of AGN disks. We estimate the extent to which different populations of mergers in AGNs can be distinguished. If most merging black holes are assembled in AGNs, future gravitational-wave observations may provide insights into the dynamics of AGN disks.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures
Agenda setting, framing and wage theft in Australia
Creators: name: James, Murphy
name: Lovelock, Katie
name: Foley, Emily
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 4407
subject: Policy and administration
classificationCode: 4408
subject: Political science
subject: FOS: Political science

description: ABSTRACT: Over the past decade the problem of wage theft has burst onto the Australian policymaking scene, seemingly out of nowhere. Its meteoric rise, from a largely unrecognised issue to the broad public agenda, then onto the narrower governmental and decision agendas of state and federal governments, was a major feat in policy advocacy. It stands as a particularly outstanding example of the power of framing to change the salience and esteem of an issue. By tracing the journey of the wage theft issue through the different spheres of public and governmental attention, this research illuminates under-studied aspects of the re-framing and agenda-setting artforms and advances the study of advocacy group interventions in policy conflicts.
Digital solution in the follow-up of early breast cancer a randomized study
Creators: name: Mattson, Johanna
name: Peltola, Maria
name: Poikonen-Saksela, Paula
name: Hermanson, Terhi
name: Their, Jenny
name: Färkkilä, Niilo
name: Roine, Risto
name: Blomqvist, Carl
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: After primary treatment, patients with early breast cancer (EBC) are followed-up for at least 5 years. At the Helsinki University Hospital (HUS) surveillance includes appointments at 1, 3 and 5 years, and between pre-planned visits a phone call service operated by a nurse practitioner for counseling about symptoms related to side-effects or potential recurrence. In 2015 HUS launched a digital solution for cancer patients. This study was designed to find out patient preference, Health related (HR) quality of life (QOL) and satisfaction with a digital solution compared to a phone call service during the first year of follow-up. Patients with EBC were randomized at the final visit of radiotherapy to surveillance by phone calls or by the digital Noona solution during the first year outside pre-planned visits. After six months the groups were crossed over to the other arm. Primary endpoint was patient preference for either follow-up method among those who had contacted the study nurse at least once by both phone service and digital solution. Out of the 765 patients randomized, 142 had contacted the hospital with both methods and were eligible for inclusion in the analyses of the present study. Out of the 142 patients, 56 preferred phone calls, 43 the digital solution while 43 considered both modalities equal. Preference for the digital solution was higher among patients aged 65 or less. There were no differences in HR QoL or overall satisfaction between the modalities. However, the patients rated the timeliness of response better while using the digital solution. Of the patients 30% preferred the digital solution, 40% phone calls while 30% found them equal as the primary follow-up method for EBC during the first year outside pre-planned visits. There is a need to include also digital solutions in surveillance of EBC. NCT04980989
Robust two-qubit gates for donors in silicon controlled by hyperfine interactions
Creators: name: Kalra, Rachpon
name: Laucht, Arne
name: Hill, Charles
name: Morello, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present two strategies for performing two-qubit operations on the electron spins of an exchange-coupled pair of phosphorus donors in silicon, using the ability to set the donor nuclear spins in arbitrary states. The effective magnetic detuning of the two electron qubits is provided by the hyperfine interaction when the $^{31}$P nuclei are prepared in opposite spin states. This can be exploited to switch on and off SWAP operations with modest tuning of the electron exchange interaction. Furthermore, the hyperfine detuning enables high-fidelity conditional rotation gates based on selective resonant excitation. The latter requires no dynamic tuning of the exchange interaction at all, and offers a very attractive scheme to implement two-qubit logic gates under realistic experimental conditions.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures
MRFalign: Protein Homology Detection through Alignment of Markov Random Fields
Creators: name: Ma, Jianzhu
name: Wang, Sheng
name: Wang, Zhiyong
name: Xu, Jinbo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Sequence-based protein homology detection has been extensively studied and so far the most sensitive method is based upon comparison of protein sequence profiles, which are derived from multiple sequence alignment (MSA) of sequence homologs in a protein family. A sequence profile is usually represented as a position-specific scoring matrix (PSSM) or an HMM (Hidden Markov Model) and accordingly PSSM-PSSM or HMM-HMM comparison is used for homolog detection. This paper presents a new homology detection method MRFalign, consisting of three key components: 1) a Markov Random Fields (MRF) representation of a protein family; 2) a scoring function measuring similarity of two MRFs; and 3) an efficient ADMM (Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers) algorithm aligning two MRFs. Compared to HMM that can only model very short-range residue correlation, MRFs can model long-range residue interaction pattern and thus, encode information for the global 3D structure of a protein family. Consequently, MRF-MRF comparison for remote homology detection shall be much more sensitive than HMM-HMM or PSSM-PSSM comparison. Experiments confirm that MRFalign outperforms several popular HMM or PSSM-based methods in terms of both alignment accuracy and remote homology detection and that MRFalign works particularly well for mainly beta proteins. For example, tested on the benchmark SCOP40 (8353 proteins) for homology detection, PSSM-PSSM and HMM-HMM succeed on 48% and 52% of proteins, respectively, at superfamily level, and on 15% and 27% of proteins, respectively, at fold level. In contrast, MRFalign succeeds on 57.3% and 42.5% of proteins at superfamily and fold level, respectively. This study implies that long-range residue interaction patterns are very helpful for sequence-based homology detection. The software is available for download at http://raptorx.uchicago.edu/download/.
description: Accepted by both RECOMB 2014 and PLOS Computational Biology
Error analysis for a parabolic PDE model problem on a coupled moving domain in a fully Eulerian framework
Creators: name: von Wahl, Henry
name: Richter, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65M12, 65M60, 65M85

description: We introduce an unfitted finite element method with Lagrange-multipliers to study an Eulerian time stepping scheme for moving domain problems applied to a model problem where the domain motion is implicit to the problem. We consider a parabolic partial differential equation (PDE) in the bulk domain, and the domain motion is described by an ordinary differential equation (ODE), coupled to the bulk partial differential equation through the transfer of forces at the moving interface. The discretisation is based on an unfitted finite element discretisation on a time-independent mesh. The method-of-lines time discretisation is enabled by an implicit extension of the bulk solution through additional stabilisation, as introduced by Lehrenfeld & Olshanskii (ESAIM: M2AN, 53:585-614, 2019). The analysis of the coupled problem relies on the Lagrange-multiplier formulation, the fact that the Lagrange-multiplier solution is equal to the normal stress at the interface and that the motion of the interface is given through rigid body motion. This paper covers the complete stability analysis of the method and an error estimate in the energy norm, under an assumption on the discrete interface velocity. This includes the dynamic error in the domain motion resulting from the discretised ODE and the forces from the discretised PDE. To the best of our knowledge this is the first error analysis of this type of coupled moving domain problem in a fully Eulerian framework. Numerical examples illustrate the theoretical results.
Robustness of multifield pseudo-arc proton therapy for sinonasal cancer
Creators: name: Argota-Perez, Raul
name: Elstrøm, Ulrik V.
name: Jensen, Kenneth
name: Korreman, Stine S.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Robustness of multifield pseudo-arc proton therapy for sinonasal cancer
Particle decay, Oberth effect and a relativistic rocket in the Schwarzschild background
Creators: name: Pavlov, Yu. V.
name: Zaslavskii, O. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We relate the known Oberth effect and the nonrelativistic analogue of the Penrose process. When a particle decays to two fragments, we derive the conditions on the angles under which debris can come out for such a process to occur. We also consider the decay and the Oberth effect in the relativistic case, when a particle moves in the background of the Schwarzschild black hole. This models the process when a rocket ejects fuel. Different scenarios are analyzed depending on what data are fixed. The efficiency of the process is found, in particular, near the horizon and for a photon rocket (when the ejected particle is massless). We prove directly that the most efficient process occurs when fuel is ejected along the rocket trajectory. When this occurs on the horizon, the efficiency reaches 100% for a photon rocket. We compare in two ways how a rocket can reverse its direction of motion to a black hole near the event horizon by restoring the initial energy-to-mass ratio: (i) by a single ejection or (ii) in the two-step process when it stops and moves back afterwards. For a nonphotonic rocket, in case (ii) a larger mass can be taken out from the vicinity of a horizon. For a photonic one, there is no difference between (i) and (ii) in this respect. We also consider briefly the scenario when a rocket hangs over a black hole due to continuous ejection of fuel. Then, the fuel mass decays exponentially with the proper time.
description: 29 pages, matches published version
Cryogenic Memory Technologies
Creators: name: Alam, Shamiul
name: Hossain, Md Shafayat
name: Srinivasa, Srivatsa Rangachar
name: Aziz, Ahmedullah
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Emerging Technologies (cs.ET)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The surging interest in quantum computing, space electronics, and superconducting circuits has led to new developments in cryogenic data storage technology. Quantum computers promise to far extend our processing capabilities and may allow solving currently intractable computational challenges. Even with the advent of the quantum computing era, ultra-fast and energy-efficient classical computing systems are still in high demand. One of the classical platforms that can achieve this dream combination is superconducting single flux quantum (SFQ) electronics. A major roadblock towards implementing scalable quantum computers and practical SFQ circuits is the lack of suitable and compatible cryogenic memory that can operate at 4 Kelvin (or lower) temperature. Cryogenic memory is also critically important in space-based applications. A multitude of device technologies have already been explored to find suitable candidates for cryogenic data storage. Here, we review the existing and emerging variants of cryogenic memory technologies. To ensure an organized discussion, we categorize the family of cryogenic memory platforms into three types: superconducting, non-superconducting, and hybrid. We scrutinize the challenges associated with these technologies and discuss their future prospects.
description: 21 pages, 6 figures, 1 table
Quantum Phase Liquids-Fermionic Superfluid without Phase Coherence
Creators: name: Wu, Ya-Jie
name: Zhou, Jiang
name: Kou, Su-Peng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the two dimensional generalized attractive Hubbard model in a bipartite lattice, and and a "quantum phase liquid" phase, in which the fermions are paired but don't have phase coherence at zero temperature, in analogy to quantum spin liquid phase. Then, two types of topological quantum phase liquids with a small external magnetic field-Z2 quantum phase liquids and chiral quantum phase liquids-are discussed.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures
Influence of radiotherapy technique on incidental dose to the whole ventricular system in focal irradiation of nongerminomatous germcell tumours
Creators: name: Lassen-Ramshad, Yasmin
name: Seiersen, Klaus
name: Gleeson, Ian
name: Mahajan, Anita
name: Sehested, Astrid
name: Toussaint, Laura
name: Safwat, Akmal
name: Joergensen, Morten
name: Agerbaek, Mads
name: Paulino, Arnold C.
name: Ajithkumar, Thankamma
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer

description: Influence of radiotherapy technique on incidental dose to the whole ventricular system in focal irradiation of nongerminomatous germcell tumours
CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACT ASSESSMENT ON RUNOFF POTENTIAL IN UPPER AWASH BASIN: A CASE STUDY OF LEGEDADI - DIRE CATCHMENT
Creators: name: TSEGA WOLDESELASSIE
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015

description: Climate change is a global challenge. It is known regional hydrology is influenced by global climate change, through changes in patterns of precipitation temperature, runoff and other hydrologic variables. This has serious consequences on societal development and the costs of achieving adequate levels of water security. In this study climate change impacts on runoff water potential at catchment scale for the two selected catchment in Upper Awash Basin have been assessed. The two catchments included in the study were Legedadi (205 Km2) and Dire (77.56 Km2) catchments. A 0.44° resolution data of Coupled Model Inter-comparison Phase5 (CMIP5) global climate models (GCMs) output of precipitation and temperature (max& min) for 2020’s (2016-2035), 2050’s (2046-2065) and 2080’s (2081-2100) under (RCP 4.5) were applied to assess the climate change scenarios. Bias correction was applied to these forcing variables. Moreover, a hydrological model, Arc-SWAT, was utilized to simulate runoff in the study area. Sensitivity analysis result shown that Curve Number (CN) factor are the most sensitive parameters affecting the hydrology of the catchments. The model was calibrated from 1988-1997 and validated from 1998-2003 at the estimated outlet of Legedadi and Dire catchment. In terms of hydrological modeling performance, at both catchments (NSE) indices are greater than 0.8 and 0.85 for calibration and validation period respectively.
EvoEMD: cosmic evolution with an early matter-dominated era
Creators: name: Dutra, Maíra
name: Wu, Yongcheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present EvoEMD, a framework to calculate the evolution of cosmic relics in a Universe with an early matter-dominated (EMD) era. There are mainly two aspects to consider in this regard. First, an EMD era changes the Hubble expansion rate with respect to the standard radiation-dominated (RD) universe. Second, when the EMD era ends, the out-of-equilibrium decay of the dominant matter component may reheat the thermal bath and dilute cosmic relics. We briefly introduce the cosmology with an EMD era, and present how it is implemented in the EvoEMD framework. Users can study the coupled evolution of different interacting species in an EMD or RD universe. Two important cosmic relics are dark matter and a net lepton number. In order to show the capabilities of EvoEMD, we include simple examples of dark matter produced via freeze-out and freeze-in, and also of leptogenesis. Moreover, users can modify the model files in order to explore different new physics scenarios. EvoEMD is hosted on Github at \url{https://github.com/ycwu1030/EvoEMD}.
description: 29 pages, 7 figures, references added, new figures. Matches the journal version