cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Value of Communicating Emotional Experiences in Social Contexts
Creators: name: Gately, J. Braxton
name: Alsharawy, Abdelaziz
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2027
Subjects: subject: Behavioral Economics
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Economics

description: We investigate the impact of emotions on choices in the prisoners' dilemma and dictator games.
High-frequency conjugal transfer of a gonococcal penicillinase plasmid.
Creators: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1980

description: Gonococci containing a 24 X 10(6)-dalton conjugal plasmid were able to mobilize for transfer a smaller, non-self-transmissible penicillinase (Pcr) plasmid with high frequency under appropriate conditions. In some strains, over 10% of donor colony-forming units transferred the Pcr plasmid in a mating of less than 2 h, which suggests that the conjugal system was naturally derepressed. Colony-opacity variants containing different quantities of an approximately 28,000-dalton outer membrane protein were altered in their ability to act as conjugal donors and recipients. Maximal transfer of the Pcr plasmid was observed between transparent donors and recipients, lacking appreciable amounts of the 28,000-dalton protein. Under conditions of high-frequency Pcr plasmid mobilization, no conjugal mobilization of chromosomal markers could be discerned.
Ordered Attention for Coherent Visual Storytelling
Creators: name: Braude, Tom
name: Schwartz, Idan
name: Schwing, Alexander
name: Shamir, Ariel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We address the problem of visual storytelling, i.e., generating a story for a given sequence of images. While each sentence of the story should describe a corresponding image, a coherent story also needs to be consistent and relate to both future and past images. To achieve this we develop ordered image attention (OIA). OIA models interactions between the sentence-corresponding image and important regions in other images of the sequence. To highlight the important objects, a message-passing-like algorithm collects representations of those objects in an order-aware manner. To generate the story's sentences, we then highlight important image attention vectors with an Image-Sentence Attention (ISA). Further, to alleviate common linguistic mistakes like repetitiveness, we introduce an adaptive prior. The obtained results improve the METEOR score on the VIST dataset by 1%. In addition, an extensive human study verifies coherency improvements and shows that OIA and ISA generated stories are more focused, shareable, and image-grounded.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures
Mutation affecting expression of spectinomycin resistance in Bacillus subtilis.
Creators: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1980

description: A mutation that affects the expression of spectinomycin resistance in a spectinomycin-resistant (spcA), conditionally asporogenic strain of Bacillus subtilis has been designated srm (spectinomycin resistance modifier). This mutation resulted in altered colony morphology and increased growth rate and sporulation efficiency in the presence of spectinomycin.
Ponderomotive Recoil for Electromagnetic Waves
Creators: name: Ochs, I. E.
name: Fisch, N. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When waves damp or amplify on resonant particles in a plasma, the nonresonant particles experience a recoil force that conserves the total momentum between the particles and electromagnetic fields. This force is important to understand, as it can completely negate current drive and rotation drive mechanisms that are predicted on the basis of only the resonant particles. Here, the existing electrostatic theory of this recoil force is extended to electromagnetic waves. While the result bears close similarity to historical fluid theories of laser-plasma interactions, it now incorporates both resonant and nonresonant particles, allowing momentum conservation to be self-consistently proven. Furthermore, the result is shown to be generally valid for kinetic plasmas, which is verified through single-particle hot-plasma simulations. The new form of the force provides physical insight into the nature of the generalized Minkowski (plasmon) momentum of geometrical optics, which is shown to correspond to the momentum gained by the field and nonresonant particles as the wave is self-consistently ramped up from vanishing amplitude.
description: 9 pages, 1 figure
Singularities and Accumulation of Singularities of $π$N Scattering amplitudes
Creators: name: Li, Qu-Zhi
name: Zheng, Han-Qing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is demonstrated that for the isospin $I=1/2$ $π$N scattering amplitude, $T^{I=1/2}(s,t)$, $s={(m_N^2-m_π^2)^2}/{m_N^2}$ and $s=m_N^2+2m_π^2$ are two accumulation points of poles on the second sheet of complex $s$ plane, and are hence accumulation of singularities of $T^{I=1/2}(s,t)$. For $T^{I=3/2}(s,t)$, $s={(m_N^2-m_π^2)^2}/{m_N^2}$ is the accumulation point of poles on the second sheet of complex $s$ plane. The proof is valid up to all orders of chiral expansions.
description: 6 pages, one reference added, a bug removed, major conclusions remain unchanged
Boundary dynamics in competing critical black hole formation
Creators: name: Kelson-Packer, Cole
name: Belz, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Expanding upon our previous study of competing critical phenomena in black hole formation, we numerically investigate the behavior of dominant exponents across the boundary separating asymptotically dispersing and collapsing regions in a two-dimensional configuration space of initial data. We find that across the Type II boundary section the dominant exponent remains constant, equal to the reciprocal of Choptuik's well-known quasi-universal value, whereas across the Type I section the exponent noticeably varies. We postulate that this change reflects the existence of a third critical solution in addition to the two primary competing solutions, possibly another member of the family of metastable soliton stars constituting the Type I attractor.
description: 18 pages, 20 figures, 2 tables
The double copy of the multipole expansion
Creators: name: Chacón, Erick
name: Luna, Andres
name: White, Chris D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the classical double copy, that relates solutions of biadjoint scalar, gauge and gravity theories. Using a recently developed twistor expression of this idea, we use well-established techniques to show that the multipole moments of arbitrary vacuum type D gravity fields are straightforwardly mapped to their counterparts in gauge and biadjoint scalar theory by the single and zeroth copies. We cross-check our results using previously obtained results for the Kerr metric. Our results provide further physical intuition of how the double copy operates.
description: 9 pages plus references, 1 figure
Strain-enhanced tunneling magnetoresistance in MgO magnetic tunnel junctions
Creators: name: Loong, Li Ming
name: Qiu, Xuepeng
name: Neo, Zhi Peng
name: Deorani, Praveen
name: Wu, Yang
name: Bhatia, Charanjit S.
name: Saeys, Mark
name: Yang, Hyunsoo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: While the effects of lattice mismatch-induced strain, mechanical strain, as well as the intrinsic strain of thin films are sometimes detrimental, resulting in mechanical deformation and failure, strain can also be usefully harnessed for applications such as data storage, transistors, solar cells, and strain gauges, among other things. Here, we demonstrate that quantum transport across magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) can be significantly affected by the introduction of controllable mechanical strain, achieving an enhancement factor of ~2 in the experimental tunneling magnetoresistance (TMR) ratio. We further correlate this strain-enhanced TMR with coherent spin tunneling through the MgO barrier. Moreover, the strain-enhanced TMR is analyzed using non-equilibrium Green's function (NEGF) quantum transport calculations. Our results help elucidate the TMR mechanism at the atomic level and can provide a new way to enhance, as well as tune, the quantum properties in nanoscale materials and devices.
Entry of double-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid during transformation of Neisseria gonorrhoeae.
Creators: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1981

description: The state of donor deoxyribonucleic acid after entry into competent cells was examined by assaying the transformed cell lysates for donor-marker transforming activity and density of donor deoxyribonucleic acid in CsCl gradients. The experiments showed that deoxyribonucleic acid entered in native, double-stranded form.
Electronic structure of non-centrosymmetric superconductor LaPdSi3 and its reference compound LaPdGe3
Creators: name: Winiarski, M. J.
name: Samsel-Czekała, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electronic structures of a superconductor without inversion symmetry, LaPdSi3, and its non-superconducting counterpart, LaPdGe3, have been calculated employing the full-potential local-orbital method within the density functional theory. The investigations were focused on analyses of densities of states at the Fermi level in comparison with previous experimental heat capacity data and an influence of the antisymmetric spin-orbit coupling on the band structures and Fermi surfaces (FSs) being very similar for both considered here compounds. Their FSs sheets originate from four bands and have a holelike character, but exhibiting pronounced nesting features only for superconducting LaPdSi3. It may explain a relatively strong electron-phonon coupling in the latter system and its lack in non-superconducting LaPdGe3.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in Intermetallics
Insertion of a MalE β-Galactosidase Fusion Protein into the Envelope of Escherichia coli Disrupts Biogenesis of Outer Membrane Proteins and Processing of Inner Membrane Proteins
Creators: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1982

description: The synthesis of a membrane-bound MalE ,B-galactosidase hybrid protein, when induced by growth of Escherichia coli on maltose, leads to inhibition of cell division and eventually a reduced rate of mass increase. In addition, the relative rate of synthesis of outer membrane proteins, but not that of inner membrane proteins, was reduced by about 50%o. Kinetic experiments demonstrated that this reduction coincided with the period of maximum synthesis of the hybrid protein (and another maltose-inducible protein, LamB). The accumulation of this abnormal protein in the envelope therefore appeared specifically to inhibit the synthesis, the assembly of outer membrane proteins, or both, indicating that the hybrid protein blocks some export site or causes the sequestration of some limiting factor(s) involved in the export process. Since the MalE protein is normally located in the periplasm, the results also suggest that the synthesis of periplasmic and outer membrane proteins may involve some steps in common. The reduced rate of synthesis of outer membrane proteins was also accompanied by the accumulation in the envelope of at least one outer membrane protein and at least two inner membrane proteins as higher-molecular-weight forms, indicating that processing (removal of the N-terminal signal sequence) was also disrupted by the presence of the hybrid protein. These results may indicate that the assembly of these membrane proteins is blocked at a relatively late step rather than at the level of primary recognition of some site by the signal sequence. In addition, the results suggest that some step common to the biogenesis of quite different kinds of envelope protein is blocked by the presence of the hybrid protein.
Isolation of an autonomously replicating DNA fragment from the region of defective bacteriophage PBSX of Bacillus subtilis.
Creators: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1982

description: We have isolated a 5.4-kilobase fragment of Bacillus subtilis DNA that confers the ability to replicate upon a nonreplicative plasmid. The B. subtilis 168 EcoRI fragment was ligated into the chimeric plasmid pCs540, which contains a chloramphenicol resistance determinant from the Staphylococcus aureus plasmid pC194 and an HpaII fragment from the Escherichia coli plasmid, pSC101. A recE B. subtilis derivative, strain BD224, is capable of maintaining this DNA as an autonomously replicating plasmid. In rec+ recipients, chloramphenicol-resistant transformants do not contain free plasmid. The plasmid is integrated as demonstrated by alterations in the pattern of chromosomal restriction enzyme fragments to which the plasmid hybridizes. The site of plasmid integration was mapped by PBS1-mediated transduction to the metC-PBSX region. A strain was a deletion in the region of defective bacteriophage PBSX differs in the hybridization profile obtained by probing EcoRI digests with this cloned fragment. This same deletion mutant, though proficient in normal recombinational pathways, permits autonomous replication of the plasmid apparently owing to the lack of an homologous chromosomal region with which to recombine. We believe that, like E. coli. B. subtilis contains at least one DNA fragment capable of autonomous replication when liberated from its normally integrated chromosomal site and that this cloned DNA fragment comes from the region of defective bacteriophage PBSX.
The multilayer architecture of the global input-output network and its properties
Creators: name: Grassi, Rosanna
name: Bartesaghi, Paolo
name: Clemente, Gian Paolo
name: Luu, Duc Thi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Econometrics (econ.EM)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: We analyze the multilayer architecture of the global input-output network using sectoral trade data (WIOD, 2016 release). With a focus on the mesoscale structure and related properties, our multilayer analysis takes into consideration the splitting into industry-based layers in order to catch more peculiar relationships between countries that cannot be detected from the analysis of the single-layer aggregated network. We can identify several large international communities in which some countries trade more intensively in some specific layers. However, interestingly, our results show that these clusters can restructure and evolve over time. In general, not only their internal composition changes, but the centrality rankings of the members inside are also reordered, industries from some countries diminishing their role and others from other countries growing importance. These changes in the large international clusters may reflect the outcomes and the dynamics of cooperation, partner selection and competition among industries and among countries in the global input-output network.
Teachable Reality: Prototyping Tangible Augmented Reality with Everyday Objects by Leveraging Interactive Machine Teaching
Creators: name: Monteiro, Kyzyl
name: Vatsal, Ritik
name: Chulpongsatorn, Neil
name: Parnami, Aman
name: Suzuki, Ryo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper introduces Teachable Reality, an augmented reality (AR) prototyping tool for creating interactive tangible AR applications with arbitrary everyday objects. Teachable Reality leverages vision-based interactive machine teaching (e.g., Teachable Machine), which captures real-world interactions for AR prototyping. It identifies the user-defined tangible and gestural interactions using an on-demand computer vision model. Based on this, the user can easily create functional AR prototypes without programming, enabled by a trigger-action authoring interface. Therefore, our approach allows the flexibility, customizability, and generalizability of tangible AR applications that can address the limitation of current marker-based approaches. We explore the design space and demonstrate various AR prototypes, which include tangible and deformable interfaces, context-aware assistants, and body-driven AR applications. The results of our user study and expert interviews confirm that our approach can lower the barrier to creating functional AR prototypes while also allowing flexible and general-purpose prototyping experiences.
description: CHI 2023
Raman Energy Density (RED) in the Context of Acousto-Plasmonics
Creators: name: Montaño-Priede, José Luis
name: Mlayah, Adnen
name: Large, Nicolas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Interactions between elementary excitations are of great interest from a fundamental aspect and for novel applications. While plasmon-exciton have been extensively studied, the interaction mechanisms between acoustic vibrations (phonons) and localized surface plasmons (LSPs) remain quite unexplored. Here, we present a new theoretical framework for the investigation of the interaction between confined acoustic vibrations and LSPs involved in resonant acoustic Raman scattering. We express the Raman scattering process in the framework of Fermi's golden rule and introduce the concept of Raman energy density (RED). Similarly to the Raman-Brillouin electronic density (RBED) introduced for semiconductors, this physical quantity is used as a theoretical tool for the interpretation of resonant Raman scattering mediated by LSPs in metallic nanoparticles. The RED represents the electromagnetic energy density excited in the Raman scattering process and modulated by the acoustic vibrations of the nanoparticle. We show that, similarly to the LDOS and the RBED, the RED can be mapped in the near-field region, and provides a clear picture of the interaction between LSPs and acoustic vibrations giving rise to inelastic scattering measurable in the far-field. We use the newly introduced RED concept to investigate elastic (an)isotropy effects and extract the Raman selection rules of spherical nanoparticles embedded in a dielectric environment.
description: Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. B
Current-driven spin orbit field in LaAlO3/SrTiO3 heterostructures
Creators: name: Narayanapillai, Kulothungasagaran
name: Gopinadhan, Kalon
name: Qiu, Xuepeng
name: Annadi, Anil
name: Ariando
name: Venkatesan, Thirumalai
name: Yang, Hyunsoo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate a current tunable Rashba spin orbit interaction in LaAlO3/SrTiO3 (LAO/STO) quasi two dimensional electron gas (2DEG) system. Anisotropic magnetoresistance (AMR) measurements are employed to detect and understand the current-induced Rashba field. The effective Rashba field scales with the current and a value of 2.35 T is observed for a dc-current of 200 uA. The results suggest that LAO/STO heterostructures can be considered for spin orbit torque based magnetization switching.
Axisymmetric pulsar magnetosphere revisited
Creators: name: Hu, Rui
name: Beloborodov, Andrei M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a global kinetic plasma simulation of an axisymmetric pulsar magnetosphere with self-consistent $e^\pm$ pair production. We use the particle-in-cell method and log-spherical coordinates with a grid size $4096\times 4096$. This allows us to achieve a high voltage induced by the pulsar rotation and investigate pair creation in a young pulsar far from the death line. We find the following. (1) The energy release and $e^\pm$ creation are strongly concentrated in the thin, Y-shaped current sheet, with a peak localized in a small volume at the Y-point. (2) The Y-point is shifted inward from the light cylinder by $\sim 15\%$, and "breathes" with a small amplitude. (3) The dense $e^\pm$ cloud at the Y-point is in ultra-relativistic rotation, which we call super-rotation, because it exceeds co-rotation with the star. The cloud receives angular momentum flowing from the star along the poloidal magnetic lines. (4) Gamma-ray emission peaks at the Y-point and is collimated in the azimuthal direction, tangent to the Y-point circle. (5) The separatrix current sheet between the closed magnetosphere and the open magnetic field lines is sustained by the electron backflow from the Y-point cloud. Its thickness is self-regulated to marginal charge starvation. (6) Only a small fraction of dissipation occurs in the separatrix inward of the Y-point. A much higher power is released in the equatorial plane, especially at the Y-point where the created dense $e^\pm$ plasma is spun up and intermittently ejected through the nozzle between the two open magnetic fluxes.
description: 16 pages, ApJ, in press
Near orthogonal launch of SPR modes in Au films
Creators: name: Canning, John
name: Karim, Akib
name: Tzoumis, Nikki
name: Tan, Yanzhen
name: Patyk, Rodolfo
name: Gibson, Brant C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the excitation of a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) close to the orthogonal axis of a gold (Au) film on borosilicate glass. Direct spectroscopic measurement of SPR shifts using different liquids are made at ~5° incidence within a reflection spectrophotometer. Scattering of light that is able to penetrate across the film at the interfaces is the proposed mechanism by which coupling, and plasmon localization, is established.
description: Submitted to Opt Lett. 14th March 2014
Marker rescue by a homologous recipient plasmid during transformation of gonococci by a hybrid Pcr plasmid.
Creators: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1982

description: A 42-kilobase hybrid Pcr plasmid (pFA14) was formed when the naturally occurring 7.2-kilobase Pcr plasmid pFA3 was introduced by transformation into a competent gonococcal recipient containing the 36-kilobase conjugative plasmid pFA2 (Sox et al., J. Bacteriol. 138:510-518). Analysis of the structure of pFA14 showed that it was a stable recombinant between pFA3 and pFA2. The transformation efficiency of pFA14 was increased 300- to 10,000-fold by the presence in isogenic recipients of the homologous plasmid pFA2. The presence of a homologous plasmid in the recipient also markedly increased the likelihood of recovery of intact donor-size Pcr plasmids in the transformants. The presence of pFA2 had no effect on the competence of piliated or nonpiliated gonococci for transformation by either linear chromosomal DNA or a nonhomologous Pcr plasmid. Increased transformation efficiency of the hybrid Pcr plasmid pFA14 may have been due to recombination between the nicked or linearized donor plasmid and the homologous recipient plasmid (marker rescue).
Que2Engage: Embedding-based Retrieval for Relevant and Engaging Products at Facebook Marketplace
Creators: name: He, Yunzhong
name: Tian, Yuxin
name: Wang, Mengjiao
name: Chen, Feier
name: Yu, Licheng
name: Tang, Maolong
name: Chen, Congcong
name: Zhang, Ning
name: Kuang, Bin
name: Prakash, Arul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Embedding-based Retrieval (EBR) in e-commerce search is a powerful search retrieval technique to address semantic matches between search queries and products. However, commercial search engines like Facebook Marketplace Search are complex multi-stage systems optimized for multiple business objectives. At Facebook Marketplace, search retrieval focuses on matching search queries with relevant products, while search ranking puts more emphasis on contextual signals to up-rank the more engaging products. As a result, the end-to-end searcher experience is a function of both relevance and engagement, and the interaction between different stages of the system. This presents challenges to EBR systems in order to optimize for better searcher experiences. In this paper we presents Que2Engage, a search EBR system built towards bridging the gap between retrieval and ranking for end-to-end optimizations. Que2Engage takes a multimodal & multitask approach to infuse contextual information into the retrieval stage and to balance different business objectives. We show the effectiveness of our approach via a multitask evaluation framework and thorough baseline comparisons and ablation studies. Que2Engage is deployed on Facebook Marketplace Search and shows significant improvements in searcher engagement in two weeks of A/B testing.
description: Accepted by WWW'2023
Regulation of adenylate cyclase synthesis in Escherichia coli: studies with cya-lac operon and protein fusion strains.
Creators: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1982

description: We have isolated cya-lac operon and protein fusions in Escherichia coli K-12, and we used these to study the regulation of cya, the structural gene for adenylate cyclase. Data obtained from these fusion strains suggest that neither cyclic AMP (cAMP) nor the cAMP receptor protein plays a major role in transcriptional or translational regulation of cya expression. Modulation of intracellular cAMP concentrations elicited only weak repression of cya-lac fusion activity under conditions of high intracellular cAMP, relative to fusion activity under conditions of low intracellular cAMP. The functional cAMP receptor protein was required for this effect. Incorporation of delta crp into cya-lac fusion strains did not affect fusion expression in glucose-grown cells as compared with similarly cultured isogenic crp+ strains. Furthermore, 20 independently obtained mutants derived from a cya-lacZ protein fusion strain exhibiting a weak Lac+ phenotype were isolated, and it was determined that the mutants had beta-galactosidase activities ranging from 2- to 77-fold greater than those of the parental strain. None of the mutations responsible for this increase in fusion activity map in the crp locus. We used these mutants to aid in the identification of a 160,000-dalton cya-lacZ hybrid protein. Finally, chromosome mobilization experiments, using cya-lac fusion strains, allowed us to infer a clockwise direction of transcription for the cya gene relative to the standard E. coli genetic map.
ChameleonControl: Teleoperating Real Human Surrogates through Mixed Reality Gestural Guidance for Remote Hands-on Classrooms
Creators: name: Faridan, Mehrad
name: Kumari, Bheesha
name: Suzuki, Ryo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present ChameleonControl, a real-human teleoperation system for scalable remote instruction in hands-on classrooms. In contrast to existing video or AR/VR-based remote hands-on education, ChameleonControl uses a real human as a surrogate of a remote instructor. Building on existing human-based telepresence approaches, we contribute a novel method to teleoperate a human surrogate through synchronized mixed reality hand gestural navigation and verbal communication. By overlaying the remote instructor's virtual hands in the local user's MR view, the remote instructor can guide and control the local user as if they were physically present. This allows the local user/surrogate to synchronize their hand movements and gestures with the remote instructor, effectively teleoperating a real human. We deploy and evaluate our system in classrooms of physiotherapy training, as well as other application domains such as mechanical assembly, sign language and cooking lessons. The study results confirm that our approach can increase engagement and the sense of co-presence, showing potential for the future of remote hands-on classrooms.
description: CHI 2023
Asymptotic entropy of transformed random walks
Creators: name: Forghani, Behrang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider general transformations of random walks on groups determined by Markov stopping times and prove that the asymptotic entropy (resp., rate of escape) of the transformed random walks is equal to the asymptotic entropy (resp., rate of escape) of the original random walk multiplied by the expectation of the corresponding stopping time. This is an analogue of the well-known Abramov's formula from ergodic theory, its particular cases were established earlier by Kaimanovich [1983] and Hartman, Lima, Tamuz [2014].
Large extrinsic phonon thermal Hall effect from resonant scattering
Creators: name: Sun, Xiao-Qi
name: Chen, Jing-Yuan
name: Kivelson, Steven A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent experimental observations of unexpectedly large thermal Hall conductivities, $κ_H$, in insulating materials, including the parent compounds of the high temperature superconducting cuprates, likely reflect an extrinsic contribution from a yet to be identified extrinsic source of skew scattering of acoustic phonons. We show that resonant scattering of phonons from a certain class of three-level systems produces strong skew scattering in the presence of a modest magnetic field. We interpret this as a first step towards understanding the experiments.
description: Typesetting issues corrected
Adaptive variational preparation of the Fermi-Hubbard eigenstates
Creators: name: Gyawali, Gaurav
name: Lawler, Michael J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Approximating the ground states of strongly interacting electron systems in quantum chemistry and condensed matter physics is expected to be one of the earliest applications of quantum computers. In this paper, we prepare highly accurate ground states of the Fermi-Hubbard model for small grids up to 6 sites (12 qubits) by using an interpretable, adaptive variational quantum eigensolver(VQE) called ADAPT-VQE. In contrast with non-adaptive VQE, this algorithm builds a system-specific ansatz by adding an optimal gate built from one-body or two-body fermionic operators at each step. We show this adaptive method outperforms the non-adaptive counterpart in terms of fewer variational parameters, short gate depth, and scaling with the system size. The fidelity and energy of the prepared state appear to improve asymptotically with ansatz depth. We also demonstrate the application of adaptive variational methods by preparing excited states and Green functions using a proposed ADAPT-SSVQE algorithm. Lower depth, asymptotic convergence, noise tolerance of a variational approach, and a highly controllable, system-specific ansatz make the adaptive variational methods particularly well-suited for NISQ devices.
MOST light-curve analysis of the gamma Dor pulsator HR 8799, showing resonances and amplitude variations
Creators: name: Sódor, Á.
name: Chené, A. -N.
name: De Cat, P.
name: Bognár, Zs.
name: Wright, D. J.
name: Marois, C.
name: Walker, G. A. H.
name: Matthews, J. M.
name: Kallinger, T.
name: Rowe, J. F.
name: Kuschnig, R.
name: Guenther, D. B.
name: Moffat, A. F. J.
name: Rucinski, S. M.
name: Sasselov, D.
name: Weiss, W. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context: The central star of the HR 8799 system is a gamma Doradus-type pulsator. The system harbours four planetary-mass companions detected by direct imaging, and is a good solar system analogue. The masses of the companions are not known accurately, because the estimation depends strongly on the age of the system, which is also not known with sufficient accuracy. Asteroseismic studies of the star might help to better constrain the age of HR 8799. We organized an extensive photometric and multi-site spectroscopic observing campaign for studying the pulsations of the central star. Aims: The aim of the present study is to investigate the pulsation properties of HR 8799 in detail via the ultra-precise 47-d-long nearly continuous photometry obtained with the MOST space telescope, and to find as many independent pulsation modes as possible, which is the prerequisite of an asteroseismic age determination. Methods: We carried out Fourier analysis of the wide-band photometric time series. Results: We find that resonance and sudden amplitude changes characterize the pulsation of HR 8799. The dominant frequency is always at f1 = 1.978 c/d. Many multiples of one ninth of the dominant frequency appear in the Fourier spectrum of the MOST data: n/9 f1, where n={1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 13, 14, 17, 18}. Our analysis also reveals that many of these peaks show strong amplitude decrease and phase variations even on the 47-d time-scale. The dependencies between the pulsation frequencies of HR 8799 make the planned subsequent asteroseismic analysis rather difficult. We point out some resemblance between the light curve of HR 8799 and the modulated pulsation light curves of Blazhko RR Lyrae stars.
description: Accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics. 8 pages, 4 figures
Das Königtum der allerseligsten Jungfrau Maria und die Einsetzung dieses ihres Festes
Creators: name: Pius XII., Papst
Publisher: name: Herder Korrespondenz
Year: 1970

description: Herder Korrespondenz, Bd. 9 Nr. 3 (1954): Herder Korrespondenz, Band 9, Heft 3
Sequence-specific DNA uptake in transformation of Neisseria gonorrhoeae.
Creators: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1982

description: Piliated, competent gonococci are known to preferentially take up homologous transforming DNA into the cell. We examined the mechanism for DNA uptake with pFA10, a hybrid 11.5-kilobase (kb) penicillin-resistant (Pcr) plasmid composed of heterologous DNA from a 7.2-kb Pcr plasmid and homologous DNA from a 4.2-kb gonococcal cryptic plasmid. The presence of the gonococcal cryptic plasmid DNA in the hybrid resulted in markedly increased transformation efficiencies in isogenic crosses as compared with the parent 7.2-kb Pcr plasmid. Uptake of 32P-end-labeled MspI or TaqI restriction fragments of the hybrid was limited to fragments entirely derived from the 4.2-kb gonococcal cryptic plasmid, indicating that DNA uptake was probably dependent on the presence of a specific DNA sequence. Since Haemophilus DNA did not inhibit transformation by the hybrid Pcr plasmid, the gonococcal DNA uptake sequence is different from the known sequence involved in homologous DNA uptake by Haemophilus spp.
Universal quantum computation with optical four-component cat qubits
Creators: name: Su, Daiqin
name: Dhand, Ish
name: Ralph, Timothy C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a teleportation-based scheme to implement a universal set of quantum gates with a four-component cat code, assisted by appropriate entangled resource states and photon number resolving detection. The four-component cat code features the ability to recover from single photon loss. Here, we propose a concrete procedure to correct the single photon loss, including detecting the single photon loss event and recovering the initial states. By concatenating with standard qubit error correcting codes, we estimate the loss threshold for fault-tolerant quantum computation and obtain a significant improvement over the two-component cat code.
description: 5+22 pages, 5 figures, comments are welcome
Role of bacterial cellulose fibrils in Agrobacterium tumefaciens infection.
Creators: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1983

description: During the attachment of Agrobacterium tumefaciens to carrot tissue culture cells, the bacteria synthesize cellulose fibrils. We examined the role of these cellulose fibrils in the attachment process by determining the properties of bacterial mutants unable to synthesize cellulose. Such cellulose-minus bacteria attached to the carrot cell surface, but, in contrast to the parent strain, with which larger clusters of bacteria were seen on the plant cell, cellulose-minus mutant bacteria were attached individually to the plant cell surface. The wild-type bacteria became surrounded by fibrils within 2 h after attachment. No fibrils were seen with the cellulose-minus mutants. Prolonged incubation of wild-type A. tumefaciens with carrot cells resulted in the formation of large aggregates of bacteria, bacterial fibrils, and carrot cells. No such aggregates were formed after the incubation of carrot cells with cellulose-minus A. tumefaciens. The absence of cellulose fibrils also caused an alteration in the kinetics of bacterial attachment to carrot cells. Cellulose synthesis was not required for bacterial virulence; the cellulose-minus mutants were all virulent. However, the ability of the parent bacterial strain to produce tumors was unaffected by washing the inoculation site with water, whereas the ability of the cellulose-minus mutants to form tumors was much reduced by washing the inoculation site with water. Thus, a major role of the cellulose fibrils synthesized by A. tumefaciens appears to be anchoring the bacteria to the host cells, thereby aiding the production of tumors.
Dependence of secretion and assembly of type 1 fimbrial subunits of Escherichia coli on normal protein export.
Creators: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1984

description: The export of fimbrial subunits was found to be diminished at the restrictive temperature in a strain bearing a secA(Ts) mutation. Likewise, export was inhibited in a strain harboring a malE-lacZ protein fusion upon induction of hybrid protein synthesis. Both conditions resulted in the accumulation of a precursor protein ca. 2,000 daltons larger than the mature fimbrial subunit.
Preventing Catastrophic Forgetting in Continual Learning of New Natural Language Tasks
Creators: name: Kar, Sudipta
name: Castellucci, Giuseppe
name: Filice, Simone
name: Malmasi, Shervin
name: Rokhlenko, Oleg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Multi-Task Learning (MTL) is widely-accepted in Natural Language Processing as a standard technique for learning multiple related tasks in one model. Training an MTL model requires having the training data for all tasks available at the same time. As systems usually evolve over time, (e.g., to support new functionalities), adding a new task to an existing MTL model usually requires retraining the model from scratch on all the tasks and this can be time-consuming and computationally expensive. Moreover, in some scenarios, the data used to train the original training may be no longer available, for example, due to storage or privacy concerns. In this paper, we approach the problem of incrementally expanding MTL models' capability to solve new tasks over time by distilling the knowledge of an already trained model on n tasks into a new one for solving n+1 tasks. To avoid catastrophic forgetting, we propose to exploit unlabeled data from the same distributions of the old tasks. Our experiments on publicly available benchmarks show that such a technique dramatically benefits the distillation by preserving the already acquired knowledge (i.e., preventing up to 20% performance drops on old tasks) while obtaining good performance on the incrementally added tasks. Further, we also show that our approach is beneficial in practical settings by using data from a leading voice assistant.
description: KDD 2022
Perturbated Gradients Updating within Unit Space for Deep Learning
Creators: name: Tseng, Ching-Hsun.
name: Cheng, Liu-Hsueh.
name: Lee, Shin-Jye.
name: Zeng, Xiaojun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In deep learning, optimization plays a vital role. By focusing on image classification, this work investigates the pros and cons of the widely used optimizers, and proposes a new optimizer: Perturbated Unit Gradient Descent (PUGD) algorithm with extending normalized gradient operation in tensor within perturbation to update in unit space. Via a set of experiments and analyses, we show that PUGD is locally bounded updating, which means the updating from time to time is controlled. On the other hand, PUGD can push models to a flat minimum, where the error remains approximately constant, not only because of the nature of avoiding stationary points in gradient normalization but also by scanning sharpness in the unit ball. From a series of rigorous experiments, PUGD helps models to gain a state-of-the-art Top-1 accuracy in Tiny ImageNet and competitive performances in CIFAR- {10, 100}. We open-source our code at link: https://github.com/hanktseng131415go/PUGD.
Export and processing of MalE-LacZ hybrid proteins in Escherichia coli.
Creators: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1984

description: Five classes of MalE-LacZ hybrid proteins have previously been characterized. These proteins differ in the amount of the maltose-binding protein (MBP) that is attached to beta-galactosidase. Although none of these proteins is secreted into the periplasm, the four larger classes of hybrid proteins, those that include an intact MBP signal peptide, are inserted into the cytoplasmic membrane, suggesting that the secretion process has at least been initiated. In this study, we demonstrated that some portion of the four larger hybrid proteins can be translocated across the cytoplasmic membrane, thus permitting processing of the signal peptide. We have found that hybrid proteins that include only a small portion of the mature MBP are inefficiently recognized as exported proteins, and translocation and processing of these appear to be relatively slow, posttranslational events. In marked contrast, hybrid proteins that include a substantial portion of the mature MBP are efficiently recognized, and translocation and processing of these occur very rapidly, possibly cotranslationally. Our results complement other studies and very strongly suggest a role for the mature MBP in the export process.
New chloramphenicol resistance locus in Bacillus subtilis.
Creators: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1984

description: A spontaneously occurring, noninducible, chloramphenicol-resistant mutant of Bacillus subtilis 168 has a mutation (cam-2) which maps in the ribosomal protein region of the chromosome near dal. Its presence does not confer dependence on chloramphenicol. Ribosomes of the cam-2 strain remained sensitive to chloramphenicol in in vitro protein synthesis. No chloramphenicol acetyltransferase activity could be detected.
Both linked and unlinked mutations can alter the intracellular site of synthesis of exported proteins of Escherichia coli.
Creators: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1985

description: It previously has been demonstrated that synthesis of the periplasmic maltose-binding protein (MBP) and alkaline phosphatase (AP) of Eschericha coli predominantly occurs on membrane-bound polysomes. In this study, signal sequence alterations that adversely affect export of MBP and AP, resulting in their cytoplasmic accumulation as unprocessed precursors, were investigated to determine whether they have an effect on the intracellular site of synthesis of these proteins. Our findings indicate that export-defective MBP and AP are not synthesized or are synthesized in greatly reduced levels on membrane-bound polysomes. In some instances, a concomitant increase in the amount of these proteins synthesized on free polysomes was clearly discerned. We also determined the site of synthesis of MBP and AP in strains harboring mutations thought to alter the cellular secretion machinery. It was found that the presence of a prlA suppressor allele partially restored synthesis of export-defective MBP on membrane-bound polysomes. On the other hand, the absence of a functional SecA protein resulted in the synthesis of wild-type MBP and AP predominantly on free polysomes.
Expression of a Saccharomyces cerevisiae photolyase gene in Escherichia coli.
Creators: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1985

description: A 3.3-kilobase PvuII fragment carrying the PHR1 gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been cloned into an Escherichia coli expression vector and introduced into E. coli strains deficient in DNA photolyase. Complementation of the E. coli phr-1 mutation was observed, strongly suggesting that the yeast PHR1 gene encodes a DNA photolyase.