cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Locomotion over a washboard
Creators: name: Sui, Yi
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: The purpose of this thesis is to study the problem when a microorganism swims very close to a shaped boundary. In this problem, we model the swimmer to be a two-dimensional, infinite periodic waving sheet. For simplicity, we only consider the case where the fluid between the swimmer and the washboard is Newtonian and incompressible. We assume that the swimmer propagates waves along its body and propels itself in the opposite direction. We consider two cases in our swimming sheet problem and the lubrication approximation is applied for both cases. In the first case, the swimmer has a known fixed shape. Various values of wavenumber, amplitude of the restoring force and amplitude of the topography were considered. We found the instantaneous swimming speed behaved quite differently as the wavenumber was varied. The direction of the swimmer was also found to depend on the amplitude of the restoring force. We also found some impact of the topographic amplitude on the relationship between average swimming speed and the wavenumber. We extended the cosine wave shaped washboard to be a more general shape and observed how it affected the swimming behaviour. In the second case, the swimmer is assumed to be elastic. We were interested to see how different values of wavenumber, stiffness and amplitude of the restoring force could change the swimming behaviour. With normalized stiffness and wavenumber, we found the swimmer remained in a periodic state with small forcing amplitude. While the swimmer reached a steady state with unit swimming speed for high forcing amplitude. However, for other values of stiffness and wavenumber, we found the swimmer's swimming behaviour was very different.
PRICE, Campbell; FORSHAW, Roger; CHAMBERLAIN, Andrew; NICHOLSON, Paul, edts – Mummies, magic and medicine in Ancient Egypt: Multidisciplinary essays for Rosalie David. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2016, 476 p. ISBN 978-1-7849-9243-9
Creators: name: Sousa, Rogério
Publisher: name: Lusitania Sacra
Year: 2016

description: Lusitania Sacra, n. 34 (2016): Heranças e Usos da Bíblia Medieval
Solution of a Loewner Chain Equation in Several Complex Variables
Creators: name: Voda, Mircea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We find a solution to the Loewner chain equation in the case when the infinitesimal generator satisfies h(0,t)=0, Dh(0,t)=A for any linear operator with m(A)>0. We also study the related classes of spirallike mappings, mappings with parametric representation and asymptotically spirallike mappings.
title: Multiplex PCR detection of slowly-evolving trypanosomatids and neogregarines in bumblebees using broad-range primers
Creators: name: Meeus, Ivan
name: De Graaf, Dirk
name: Jans, Kris
name: Smagghe, Guy
Publisher: name: Julius Kühn-Institut
Year: 2012

description: Julius-Kühn-Archiv; 437; 185
Electro-reaction-diffusion systems with nonlocal constraints
Creators: name: Glitzky, Annegret
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Drift-diffusion systems
subject: reaction-diffusion systems
subject: heterostructures
subject: energy estimates
subject: global estimates
subject: asymptotic behaviour
subject: global existence
subject: fixed point theorems
subject: 35B40
subject: 35B45
subject: 35D05
subject: 35K35
subject: 35K57
subject: 35R05
subject: 78A35
subject: 80A30

description: The paper deals with equations modelling the redistribution of charged particles by reactions, drift and diffusion processes. The corresponding model equations contain parabolic PDEs for the densities of mobile species, ODEs for the densities of immobile species, a possibly nonlinear, nonlocal Poisson equation and some nonlocal constraints. Based on applications to semiconductor technology these equations have to be investigated for non-smooth data and kinetic coefficients which depend on the state variables. In two space dimensions we discuss the steady states of the system, we prove energy estimates, global a priori estimates and give a global existence result.
Jet pair production in POWHEG
Creators: name: Alioli, Simone
name: Hamilton, Keith
name: Nason, Paolo
name: Oleari, Carlo
name: Re, Emanuele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an implementation of the next-to-leading order dijet production process in hadronic collisions in the framework of POWHEG, which is a method to implement NLO calculations within a shower Monte Carlo context. In constructing the simulation, we have made use of the POWHEG BOX toolkit, which makes light of many of the most technical steps. The majority of this article is concerned with the study of the predictions of the Monte Carlo simulation. In so doing, we validate our program for use in experimental analyses, elaborating on some of the more subtle features which arise from the interplay of the NLO and resummed components of the calculation. We conclude our presentation by comparing predictions from the simulation against a number of Tevatron and LHC jet-production results.
description: 40 pages, 27 figures
Psychoanalyse des Stinkens. Freuds Erzählung von Genese und Funktion des Ekels
Creators: name: Menninghaus, Winfried
Publisher: name: Lebenswelt. Aesthetics and philosophy of experience.
Year: 2013

description: The evolution of the upright walk is widely considered to be of decisive significance for the evolution of the human being. Freuds gives a highly original reading of this key feature. He emphasizes the distancing of the nose from the organs of sexual secretions and excrement and understands the defensive mechanism of disgust as the organon of turning the archaic pleasures related to the olfactory secretions into unpleasurable sensations. As an antidote to the evolution of morals – which subscribes to the elevation of the nose and pushes the human being in the direction of ‘higher’ values – Freud stresses the inescapability of the abject pleasures and ascribes to art a highly specific capacity to pleasurably address what is otherwise rejected as disgusting.
description: Lebenswelt. Aesthetics and philosophy of experience., No 3 (2013)
QUIRKE, Stephen – Exploring Religion in Ancient Egypt. Oxford: John Wiley & Sons Ltd., 2015. 271 p. ISBN: 978-14443-3199-8 / 978-14443-3200-1
Creators: name: Sales, José Das Candeias
Publisher: name: Lusitania Sacra
Year: 2016

description: Lusitania Sacra, n. 34 (2016): Heranças e Usos da Bíblia Medieval
Harnessing chaperone-mediated autophagy for the degradation of endogenous proteins
Creators: name: Fan, Xuelai
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: Rapid and reversible methods for altering the function of endogenous proteins are not only indispensable tools for probing complex biological systems, but may potentially drive the development of new therapeutics for the treatment of human diseases. Genetic approaches have provided insights into protein function, but are limited in speed, reversibility and spatiotemporal control. To overcome these limitations, we have developed a peptide-based method to degrade a given endogenous protein at the post-translational level by harnessing chaperone-mediated autophagy, a major intracellular protein degradation pathway mediated by the lysosome. This thesis presents the design and validation of SNIPER (Selective Native Protein ERadication) for use in cultured cells as well as in intact animals. Specifically, we demonstrate the specificity, efficacy and generalizability of SNIPER by showing efficient knockdown of various proteins, including death-associated protein kinase 1 (160 kDa), scaffolding protein PSD-95 (95 kDa) and α-synuclein (19 kDa), with their respective SNIPER peptides in cell lines and rat neuronal cultures. Moreover, we examine the characteristics of SNIPER-mediated protein knockdown and found that the level of protein knockdown is dose-, time- and lysosome-dependent. Furthermore, we demonstrate that SNIPER efficiently knocked down a dephosphorylated subpopulation of a given protein while sparing its phosphorylated form, attesting to the specificity of the method. Finally, using a rat model of focal ischemic stroke, we show that a single intravenous injection of a SNIPER peptide efficiently knocked down a death-promoting protein in the brains of freely moving rats and protected the rat brain from ischemic injury. Taken together, SNIPER is a robust and convenient research tool for manipulating the levels of endogenous proteins in situ, and may also lead to the development of novel protein knockdown–based therapeutics for treating human diseases.
WILSON-WRIGHT, Aren M. – Athtart: The Transmission and Transformation of a Goddess in the Late Bronze Age. Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 2016. xv + 179 p. (Forschungen zum Alten Testament 2, Reihe 90), ISBN 978-3-16-155010-2
Creators: name: Pinto, Catarina
Publisher: name: Lusitania Sacra
Year: 2016

description: Lusitania Sacra, n. 34 (2016): Heranças e Usos da Bíblia Medieval
Measuring Dynamic Spillovers in Networks: Sovereign Contagion, Regulation Effects and Market Sectors
Creators: name: Buse, Rebekka
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2019
Subjects: spillovers
networks
contagion
European sovereigns
CDS
bonds
U.S. market sectors

description: In the recent subprime mortgage crisis and sovereign debt crisis, effective threats to and the loss of confidence in the stability of the financial system have increased, which is also denoted as a rise of systemic risk. Systemically important institutions were first categorized only as ``too big to fail''. This was insufficient during the crisis and required an extension by ``too interconnected to fail', reflecting the importance of interconnectedness for safeguarding financial and economic stability. However, respective data on interdependencies are not publicly available or incomplete. Thus, there is a need for econometric techniques that can handle incomplete and complex, large datasets to detect interconnections and to quantify spillovers between entities.

While there have been various econometric approaches to measure spillovers, in this thesis quantitative measures are developed and evaluated that shed light on important and so far disregarded aspects. Technically, a connectedness measure is introduced that is based on out-of-sample forecast errors, which responds more quickly to crisis occurrences than already existing measures based on in-sample forecast errors. Furthermore, I explore spillover measures computed from Bayesian time-varying parameter models, leading to dynamic measures which capture changes in the underlying data immediately, which is in contrast to previous static and rolling-window measures. So far, the significance of changes in spillovers has not been evaluated. In this thesis, this deficiency is overcome by constructing confidence intervals for spillover measures, using either a bootstrap methodology or the posterior distribution of Bayesian estimates.

Via the confidence intervals and a unique intraday dataset on credit risk of European sovereigns, this thesis delivers clear results concerning the effectiveness of recent policy and regulation interventions. The results show that regulatory changes in the credit default swap (CDS) market effectively reduced systemic risk, whereas policy interventions had a smaller and less sustainable impact.
Moreover, in this work it is shown that daily CDS and bond yield spreads contain complementary information for measuring spillovers. To my knowledge, I am the first to identify the differences between volatility-type spillover measures based on these two datasets and thus to demonstrate the importance of considering both data sources for obtaining a complete picture on sovereign connectedness. 
In this thesis, empirical guidance is provided for the choice of a suitable time-varying parameter estimation approach for measuring spillovers between U.S. stock market sectors. The analysis shows the importance of not only the financial sector, on which most studies focus, but also commodity industries and other sectors of the real economy for a comprehensive understanding of spillover effects.
title: Losses of Brazilian bees: an overview of factors that may affect these pollinators
Creators: name: Carvalho, Stephan
name: Roat, Thaisa
name: Pereira, Androga M.
name: Silva-Zacarin, Elaine
name: Nocelli, Roberta C. F.
name: Carvalho, Cesar
name: Malaspina, Osmar
Publisher: name: Julius Kühn-Institut
Year: 2012
Subjects: Brazilian bees
overview
pesticide
diseases
environment
protection

description: Julius-Kühn-Archiv; 437; 159-166
Radial and spiral stream formation in Proteus mirabilis
Creators: name: Xue, Chuan
name: Budrene, Elena O.
name: Othmer, Hans G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The enteric bacterium Proteus mirabilis, which is a pathogen that forms biofilms in vivo, can swarm over hard surfaces and form concentric ring patterns in colonies. Colony formation involves two distinct cell types: swarmer cells that dominate near the surface and the leading edge, and swimmer cells that prefer a less viscous medium, but the mechanisms underlying pattern formation are not understood. New experimental investigations reported here show that swimmer cells in the center of the colony stream inward toward the inoculation site and in the process form many complex patterns, including radial and spiral streams, in addition to concentric rings. These new observations suggest that swimmers are motile and that indirect interactions between them are essential in the pattern formation. To explain these observations we develop a hybrid cell-based model that incorporates a chemotactic response of swimmers to a chemical they produce. The model predicts that formation of radial streams can be explained as the modulation of the local attractant concentration by the cells, and that the chirality of the spiral streams can be predicted by incorporating a swimming bias of the cells near the surface of the substrate. The spatial patterns generated from the model are in qualitative agreement with the experimental observations.
Selective Trapping of Hexagonally Warped Topological Surface States in a Triangular Quantum Corral
Creators: name: Chen, Mu
name: Jiang, Yeping
name: Peng, Junping
name: Zhang, Huimin
name: Chang, Cui-Zu
name: Feng, Xiao
name: Fu, Zhenguo
name: Zheng, Fawei
name: Zhang, Ping
name: Wang, Lili
name: He, Ke
name: Ma, Xu-Cun
name: Xue, Qi-Kun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The surface of a three-dimensional topological insulator (TI) hosts two-dimensional massless Dirac fermions (DFs), the gapless and spin-helical nature of which yields many exotic phenomena, such as the immunity of topological surface states (TSS) to back-scattering. This leads to their high transmission through surface defects or potential barriers. Quantum corrals, previously elaborated on metal surfaces, can act as nanometer-sized electronic resonators to trap Schrödinger electrons by quantum confinement. It is thus intriguing, concerning their peculiar nature, to put the Dirac electrons of TSS to the test in similar circumstances. Here, we report the behaviors of TSS in a triangular quantum corral (TQC) fabricated by epitaxially growing Bi bilayer nanostructures on the surfaces of Bi2Te3 films. Unlike a circular corral, the TQC is supposed to be totally transparent for DFs. By mapping the electronic structure of TSS inside TQCs through a low-temperature scanning tunneling microscope in the real space, both the trapping and de-trapping behaviors of the TSS electrons are observed. The selection rules are found to be governed by the geometry and spin texture of the constant energy contour of TSS upon the strong hexagonal warping in Bi2Te3. Careful analysis of the quantum interference patterns of quasi-bound states yields the corresponding wave vectors of trapped TSS, through which two trapping mechanisms favoring momenta in different directions are uncovered. Our work indicates the extended nature of TSS and elucidates the selection rules of the trapping of TSS in the presence of a complicated surface state structure, giving insights into the effective engineering of DFs in TIs.
description: 31pages, 12figures(including supplementary materials)
A Brewster route to Cherenkov detectors
Creators: name: Lin, Xiao
name: Hu, Hao
name: Easo, Sajan
name: Yang, Yi
name: Shen, Yichen
name: Yin, Kezhen
name: Blago, Michele Piero
name: Kaminer, Ido
name: Zhang, Baile
name: Chen, Hongsheng
name: Joannopoulos, John
name: Soljačić, Marin
name: Luo, Yu
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Article
/639/301/1019/1015
/639/624/399/1022
/639/624/1107/510
/639/766/400/1021
/639/766/419/1131
article

description: Abstract: Cherenkov detectors enable a valuable tool to identify high-energy particles. However, their sensitivity and momentum coverage are limited by the refractive index of host materials. Especially, identifying particles with energy above multiple gigaelectronvolts requires host materials with a near-unity refractive index, which are limited to bulky gas chambers. Overcoming this fundamental material limit is important for future particle detectors yet remains a long-standing challenge. Here, we propose a different paradigm for Cherenkov detectors that utilizes the broadband angular filter made from stacks of variable one-dimensional photonic crystals. Owing to the Brewster effect, the angular filter is transparent only to Cherenkov photons from a precise incident angle. Particle identification is achieved by mapping each Cherenkov angle to the peak-intensity position of transmitted photons in the detection plane. Such angular filtering effect, although decreases the photon number collected in the detection plane, enables the realization of a non-dispersive pseudo refractive index over the entire visible spectrum. Moreover, the pseudo refractive index can be flexibly designed to different values close to unity. Our angular-selective Brewster paradigm offers a feasible solution to implement compact and highly sensitive Cherenkov detectors especially in beam lines with a small angular divergence using regular dielectrics.
A new formula for some linear stochastic equations with applications
Creators: name: Kella, Offer
name: Yor, Marc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We give a representation of the solution for a stochastic linear equation of the form $X_t=Y_t+\int_{(0,t]}X_{s-} \mathrm {d}{Z}_s$ where $Z$ is a cádlág semimartingale and $Y$ is a cádlág adapted process with bounded variation on finite intervals. As an application we study the case where $Y$ and $-Z$ are nondecreasing, jointly have stationary increments and the jumps of $-Z$ are bounded by 1. Special cases of this process are shot-noise processes, growth collapse (additive increase, multiplicative decrease) processes and clearing processes. When $Y$ and $Z$ are, in addition, independent Lévy processes, the resulting $X$ is called a generalized Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/09-AAP637 the Annals of Applied Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aap/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Effects of nitroglycerin ointment on mastectomy flap necrosis in immediate breast reconstruction : a randomized controlled trial
Creators: name: Gdalevitch, Perry
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: Background : Mastectomy flap necrosis is a common complication of immediate breast reconstruction that impacts recovery time and reconstructive success. Nitroglycerin ointment is a topical vasodilator that has shown to improve skin flap survival in animal models. The objective of this study was to evaluate if the application of nitroglycerin ointment to the breast skin after mastectomy and immediate reconstruction causes a decrease in the rate of mastectomy flap necrosis compared to placebo. Methods : This study was conducted as a randomized controlled trial and included patients aged 21 to 69 years undergoing mastectomy and immediate breast reconstruction at the University of British Columbia affiliated hospitals (Vancouver, Canada). Patients with a medical history that precluded the administration of nitroglycerin were excluded from the study. The target sample size was 400 patients. Nitroglycerin ointment (45mg) or a placebo was applied to the mastectomy skin at the time of surgical dressing. Results : The trial was stopped at the first interim analysis after 165 patients had been randomized (85 treatment vs. 80 placebo). Mastectomy flap necrosis developed in 27 patients (33.8%) receiving placebo and in 13 patients (15.3%) receiving nitroglycerin ointment; between-group difference = 18.5% (p=0.006, 95% CI : 5.3% to 31.0%). Post-operative complications were similar in both groups (nitroglycerin : 22.4% (19/85) vs. placebo : 28.8%, (23/80)). Conclusion : In patients undergoing mastectomy and immediate reconstruction, there was a marked reduction in mastectomy flap necrosis in patients who received nitroglycerin ointment. Nitroglycerin ointment application is a simple, safe and effective way to help prevent mastectomy flap necrosis.
Visual mate preference evolution during butterfly speciation is linked to neural processing genes
Creators: name: Rossi, Matteo
name: Hausmann, Alexander E.
name: Thurman, Timothy J.
name: Montgomery, Stephen H.
name: Papa, Riccardo
name: Jiggins, Chris D.
name: McMillan, W. Owen
name: Merrill, Richard M.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Article
/631/158/856
/631/181/2474
/631/181/759
/631/208/1515
/38
/38/90
/38/91
article

description: Abstract: Many animal species remain separate not because their individuals fail to produce viable hybrids but because they “choose” not to mate. However, we still know very little of the genetic mechanisms underlying changes in these mate preference behaviours. Heliconius butterflies display bright warning patterns, which they also use to recognize conspecifics. Here, we couple QTL for divergence in visual preference behaviours with population genomic and gene expression analyses of neural tissue (central brain, optic lobes and ommatidia) across development in two sympatric Heliconius species. Within a region containing 200 genes, we identify five genes that are strongly associated with divergent visual preferences. Three of these have previously been implicated in key components of neural signalling (specifically an ionotropic glutamate receptor and two regucalcins), and overall our candidates suggest shifts in behaviour involve changes in visual integration or processing. This would allow preference evolution without altering perception of the wider environment.
Pathways of mechanical unfolding of FnIII_{10}: low force intermediates
Creators: name: Caraglio, M.
name: Imparato, A.
name: Pelizzola, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We study the mechanical unfolding pathways of the $FnIII_{10}$ domain of fibronectin by means of an Ising--like model, using both constant force and constant velocity protocols. At high forces and high velocities our results are consistent with experiments and previous computational studies. Moreover, the simplicity of the model allows us to probe the biologically relevant low force regime, where we predict the existence of two intermediates with very close elongations. The unfolding pathway is characterized by stochastic transitions between these two intermediates.
Astrometric and Photometric Measurements of Binary Stars with Adaptive Optics: Observations from 2002
Creators: name: Roberts,, Lewis C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The adaptive optics system at the 3.6 m AEOS telescope was used to measure the astrometry and differential magnitude in I-band of 56 binary stars in 2002. The astrometric measurements will be of use for future orbital determination, and the photometric measurements will be of use in estimating the spectral types of the component stars. Two candidate companions were detected, but neither is likely to be gravitationally bound. Nine systems had not been observed in over 40 years. Eight of these are shown to share common proper motion, while HD 182352 is shown to be a background star. One of the two components of the HD 114378 (Alpha Com) is shown to be a variable star of unknown type. In addition, 86 stars were unresolved and the full-width half maxima of the images are presented.
description: 9 pages, 1 figure, 3 Tables
Barn owl genetics in Western North America : diversity, phylogeographic structure, connectivity, and potential for a genetic basis to anticoagulant rodenticide susceptibility
Creators: name: Huang, Andrew Cheng-An
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: The barn owl (Tyto alba) is distributed across much of North America in areas with extensive old-field and grassland habitat. Barn owls are threatened in British Columbia (BC), where the population has declined by 50% in the last 3 decades. I investigated the genetic diversity and phylogeographic patterns of barn owls in western North America, ranging from BC to California, and one eastern population from Pennsylvania. Using 8 polymorphic microsatellite markers (N=126) and ND2 mitochondrial sequences (N=37), I found a high degree of gene flow among the continental sampled regions (global FST = 0.028). The BC mainland population, despite its northwestern geographic peripheral location and ongoing habitat degradation, is not genetically depauperate. However, individuals from Vancouver Island exhibited the lowest genetic diversity of all sampled locations, likely as a result of its insular nature. The low global FST value estimated from this study suggests that their habitat is well connected across North America. Additionally, microsatellite data revealed that the Santa Barbara Island population showed genetic divergence from its continental counterpart. Mitochondrial data, however, demonstrated that this island population is not monophyletic, and thus cannot be designated as an Evolutionarily Significant Unit. Anticoagulant rodenticides (ARs) are pesticides widely employed worldwide to reduce rodent infestations. Avian predators that hunt extensively for small rodents are at risk of secondary poisoning. AR causes internal bleeding by disrupting the Vitamin K cycle, which is essential for blood clotting. Tolerance to AR appears to be highly variable among individuals for any given avian species. I examined whether single point mutations in the CYP2C45 gene are associated with increased or decreased susceptibility to AR in barn owls. I identified a position that showed a heterozygous C/T in one particular individual with low tolerance, whereas all other individuals exhibited a homozygous C. This transversion results in an amino acid substitution from alanine to valine at a conserved region that could potentially have deleterious effects on the function of and structure the protein. However, it is also possible that the CYP2C45 enzyme was not severely affected due to this amino acid change since both alanine and valine are non-polar/hydrophobic.
Reconstructing aspects of human embryogenesis with pluripotent stem cells
Creators: name: Sozen, Berna
name: Jorgensen, Victoria
name: Weatherbee, Bailey A. T.
name: Chen, Sisi
name: Zhu, Meng
name: Zernicka-Goetz, Magdalena
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Article
/631/80
/631/80/85
/631/136/2086
/631/136/1660
/631/532/2062
/13
/13/100
/14
/14/1
article

description: Abstract: Understanding human development is of fundamental biological and clinical importance. Despite its significance, mechanisms behind human embryogenesis remain largely unknown. Here, we attempt to model human early embryo development with expanded pluripotent stem cells (EPSCs) in 3-dimensions. We define a protocol that allows us to generate self-organizing cystic structures from human EPSCs that display some hallmarks of human early embryogenesis. These structures mimic polarization and cavitation characteristic of pre-implantation development leading to blastocyst morphology formation and the transition to post-implantation-like organization upon extended culture. Single-cell RNA sequencing of these structures reveals subsets of cells bearing some resemblance to epiblast, hypoblast and trophectoderm lineages. Nevertheless, significant divergences from natural blastocysts persist in some key markers, and signalling pathways point towards ways in which morphology and transcriptional-level cell identities may diverge in stem cell models of the embryo. Thus, this stem cell platform provides insights into the design of stem cell models of embryogenesis.
The use and misuse of ratio and proportion exposure measures in food environment research
Creators: name: Thornton, Lukar E.
name: Lamb, Karen E.
name: White, Simon R.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Debate
Food environment
Built environment
Neighbourhood
Dietary behaviours
Obesity

description: Abstract: Background: The food stores within residential environments are increasingly investigated as a possible mechanism driving food behaviours and health outcomes. Whilst increased emphasis is being placed on the type of study designs used and how we measure the outcomes, surprisingly little attention gets diverted to the measures of the food environment beyond calls for standardised approaches for food store coding and geographic scales of exposure. Food environments are a challenging concept to measure and model and the use of ratio and proportion measures are becoming more common in food environment research. Whilst these are seemingly an advance on single store type indicators, such as simply counting the number of supermarkets or fast food restaurants present, they have several limitations that do not appear to have been fully considered. Main body: In this article we report on five issues related to the use of ratio and proportion food environment measures: 1) binary categorisation of food stores; 2) whether they truly reflect a more or less healthy food environment; 3) issues with these measures not reflecting the quantity of food stores; 4) difficulties when no stores are present; and 5) complications in statistical treatment and interpretation of ratio and proportion measures. Each of these issues are underappreciated in the literature to date and highlight that ratio and proportion measures need to be treated with caution. Conclusion: Calls for the broader adoption of relative food environment measures may be misguided. Whilst we should continue to search for better ways to represent the complexity of food environments, ratio and proportion measures are unlikely to be the answer.
Separation of circulating tumor cells using resettable cell traps
Creators: name: Qin, Xi
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: Immunoenrichment of conventional circulating tumor cells (CTCs) may fail to capture cells with poor antigen expression. Micropore filtration is a compelling label-free alternative to separate CTCs based on their biophysical characteristics rather than biochemical characteristics. However, this strategy is prone to clogging of the filter microstructure, which dramatically reduces selectivity after processing large numbers of cells. Our group previously reported the resettable cell trap (RCT) mechanism to perform micropore filtration in a way that is resistant to clogging. We improved the selectivity of this label-free mechanism by filtering the samples multiple times on chip and dramatically improving the throughput by parallelization. The resettable cell trap device is a microfluidic mechanical constriction with adjustable apertures that can capture CTCs based on their distinct size and deformability. It can also be periodically cleared to release the trapped cells to prevent clogging. Three identical cell traps are aligned in series which improves selectivity by removing leukocytes that non-specifically adhere to the surface of microchannels. We validated this mechanism by doping UM-UC13 bladder cancer cells into diluted whole blood at a density of 1 UC13 to 1000 leukocytes. The first filtration step achieved 183-fold enrichment and 93.8% yield. The second and third traps together provided an additional enrichment of ~5 without significant change in yield. Furthermore, additional filtration steps provide even greater enrichment. In patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC, n=24) and localized prostate cancer (LPC, n=18), CTCs were successfully identified using the resettable cell trap device followed by single-cell spectral analysis. We additionally compared the RCT device to the CellSearch® System, the only FDA approved commercial CTC enumeration platform. The microfluidic RCT device identified 83.3% (20/24) patients with >=5 CTCs per 7.5 ml of blood with a mean of 329 counts. Within the same patient group, the CellSearch only measured >=5 CTCs in 37.5% (9/24) patients with a mean of 23 CTCs per 7.5 ml of blood. The RCT device identified significant more CTCs and positively identified more mCRPC patients than the CellSearch system.
Assessing the acceptability of a text messaging service and smartphone app to support patient adherence to medications prescribed for high blood pressure: a pilot study
Creators: name: Kassavou, Aikaterini
name: A’Court, Charlotte Emily
name: Chauhan, Jagmohan
name: Brimicombe, James David
name: Bhattacharya, Debi
name: Naughton, Felix
name: Hardeman, Wendy
name: Mascolo, Cecilia
name: Sutton, Stephen
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Research
Hypertension
Primary care
Digital intervention
Acceptability
Medication adherence

description: Abstract: Aims and objectives: This paper describes a pilot non-randomised controlled study of a highly tailored 56-day text messaging and smartphone app prototype intervention to increase adherence to anti-hypertensive medication in primary care. The aim of this study was to evaluate the acceptability of the intervention and obtain patients’ views about the intervention content, the delivery mode, and the mechanisms by which the intervention supported medication adherence. Methods: Patients diagnosed with hypertension were invited and recruited to the study via general practice text messages and attended a face to face meeting with a member of the researcher team. Participants were asked to test the text messaging intervention for 28 consecutive days and switch to the smartphone app for 28 more days. Participants completed baseline and follow-up questionnaires and took part in semi-structured telephone interviews. Digital log files captured patients’ engagement with the intervention. Participant transcripts were analysed using thematic analysis. Descriptive statistics were used to summarise data from questionnaires and log files. A mixed methods analysis generated data to respond to the research questions. Results: Seventy-nine patients expressed interest to participate in this study, of whom 23 (64% male, 82% above 60 years old) were registered to take part. With one drop-out, 22 participants tested the text messaging delivery mode (with 20 being interviewed) and four of them (17%) switched to the app (with 3 being interviewed). All participants engaged and interacted with the text messages and app notifications, and all participants found the intervention content and delivery mode acceptable. They also self-reported that the interactive elements of the intervention motivated them to take their medications as prescribed. Conclusion: This study provides evidence that the digital intervention is acceptable by hypertensive patients recruited in primary care. Future research could usefully investigate its feasibility and effectiveness using rigorous research methods. Trial registration: ISRCTN12805654
Video-rate laser Doppler vibrometry by heterodyne holography
Creators: name: Samson, Benjamin
name: Verpillat, Frédéric
name: Gross, Michel
name: Atlan, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a demonstration video-rate heterodyne holography in off-axis configuration. Reconstruction and display of 1 Megapixel holograms is achieved at 24 frames per second, with a graphics processing unit. Our claims are validated with real-time screening of steady-state vibration amplitudes in a wide-field, non-contact vibrometry experiment.
description: Optics Letters (2011) 001
Proper Orthogonal Decomposition Closure Models For Turbulent Flows: A Numerical Comparison
Creators: name: Wang, Zhu
name: Akhtar, Imran
name: Borggaard, Jeff
name: Iliescu, Traian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 76F65, 65Z05

description: This paper puts forth two new closure models for the proper orthogonal decomposition reduced-order modeling of structurally dominated turbulent flows: the dynamic subgrid-scale model and the variational multiscale model. These models, which are considered state-of-the-art in large eddy simulation, together with the mixing length and the Smagorinsky closure models, are tested in the numerical simulation of a 3D turbulent flow around a circular cylinder at Re = 1,000. Two criteria are used in judging the performance of the proper orthogonal decomposition reduced-order models: the kinetic energy spectrum and the time evolution of the POD coefficients. All the numerical results are benchmarked against a direct numerical simulation. Based on these numerical results, we conclude that the dynamic subgrid-scale and the variational multiscale models perform best.
description: 28 pages, 6 figures
Somiglianze immateriali
Creators: name: Borutti, Silvana
Publisher: name: Lebenswelt. Aesthetics and philosophy of experience.
Year: 2013

description: Starting from ancient philosophy, I define the notion of mousiké as polymorphic and polysemic artistic form, which unifies at different levels different forms of expressivity. This notion allows me to speak about translation, symbolical transformations and poetic power. In this essay I analyze the relationship between music, painting and poetry as creative symbolical universes which bring into light an ‘immaterial likeness’.
description: Lebenswelt. Aesthetics and philosophy of experience., No 3 (2013)
Two morals about a modal paradox
Creators: name: Roberts, Alexander
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Article
Metaphysical modality
Chisholm’s Paradox
Modal logic
Relativised metaphysical modality

description: Funder: University of Cambridge
description: Abstract: Chisholm’s paradox serves as an important constraint on our modal theorising. For example, one lesson of the paradox is that widely accepted essentialist theses appear incompatible with metaphysical necessity obeying a logic that includes S4. However, this article cautions against treating Chisholm’s paradox in isolation, as a single line of reasoning. To this end, the article outlines two crucial morals about Chisholm’s paradox which situate the paradox within a broad family of paradoxes. Each moral places significant constraints on the paradox’s solution space. In light of this perspective, the paper applies the two morals to a recently proposed solution to Chisholm’s Paradox by Benj Hellie, Murray and Wilson (in: Bennett and Zimmerman (eds) Oxford studies in metaphysics, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2012).
GPU computing architecture for irregular parallelism
Creators: name: Fung, Wilson Wai Lun
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: Many applications with regular parallelism have been shown to benefit from using Graphics Processing Units (GPUs). However, employing GPUs for applications with irregular parallelism tends to be a risky process, involving significant effort from the programmer and an uncertain amount of performance/efficiency benefit. One known challenge in developing GPU applications with irregular parallelism is the underutilization of SIMD hardware in GPUs due to the application’s irregular control flow behavior, known as branch divergence. Another major development effort is to expose the available parallelism in the application as 1000s of concurrent threads without introducing data races or deadlocks. The GPU software developers may need to spend significant effort verifying the data synchronization mechanisms used in their applications. Despite various research studies indicating the potential benefits, the risks involved may discourage software developers from employing GPUs for this class of applications. This dissertation aims to reduce the burden on GPU software developers with two major enhancements to GPU architectures. First, thread block compaction (TBC) is a microarchitecture innovation that reduces the performance penalty caused by branch divergence in GPU applications. Our evaluations show that TBC provides an average speedup of 22% over a baseline per-warp, stack-based reconvergence mechanism on a set of GPU applications that suffer significantly from branch divergence. Second, Kilo TM is a cost effective, energy efficient solution for supporting transactional memory (TM) on GPUs. With TM, programmers can uses transactions instead of fine-grained locks to create deadlock-free, maintainable, yet aggressively-parallelized code. In our evaluations, Kilo TM achieves 192X speedup over coarse-grained locking and captures 66% of the performance of fine-grained locking with 34% energy overhead.
Mars Entry Trajectory Planning with Range Discretization and Successive Convexification
Creators: name: Liu, Xu
name: Li, Shuang
name: Xin, Ming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This paper develops a sequential convex programming approach for Mars entry trajectory planning by range discretization. To improve the accuracy of numerical integration, the range of entry trajectory is selected as the independent variable rather than time or energy. A dilation factor is employed to normalize the entry dynamics and integration interval of the performance index so that the difficult free-final-time programming problem can be converted to a fixed-final-range optimization problem. The bank angle rate with respect to the range is introduced as the new control input in order to decouple the control from the state and facilitate convexification of constraints on the bank angle and its rate. The nonlinear bank angle rate constraint is further relaxed into a linear one via inequality relaxation. Moreover, the nonconvex minimum-time performance index is convexified by regarding flight time as a state variable. Then, the Mars entry trajectory planning problem can be formulated into the framework of convex programming after linearization. By range discretization and successive convexification, the reformulated Mars entry trajectory planning problem is transcribed into a series of convex optimization sub-problems that can be sequentially solved using the convex programming algorithm. The virtual control and adaptive trust-region techniques are employed to improve the accuracy, robustness, and computation efficiency of the algorithm. Numerical simulations with comparative studies are presented to demonstrate the convergence performance and efficiency of the proposed algorithm.
Stochastic poisson equations associated to lie algebroids and some refinements of a principal bundle
Creators: name: Ivan, Gheorghe
name: Opris, Dumitru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60H10, 53D17, 55R05

description: The aim of this paper is to present the stochastic Poisson equations associated to Lie algebroids. The stochastic Poisson equations associated to a refinement of a concrete principal bundle are determined.
Kreativitas Dan Inovasi
Creators: name: Maulana, Amel
name: Asrul
name: Khajizah, Nur
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: Tugas UAS Makul Kewirausahaan, Makalah Kelompok, Kreativitas Dan Inovasi, Amel Maulana (11812049), Asrul (11812059), Nur Khajizah (11812006), Mahasiswa PBA B Semester 7, Dosen Pengampu : Dr. Fachrurazi, S.Ag., MM. dan Yulida, MM.
University and industry collaboration in Canadian mining education
Creators: name: Miyoshi, Masaki Edward
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: For many years Canada has been at the forefront of mining engineering education, research, and technology development. Canadian universities have been the foundation for developing the individuals and companies that have maintained a global reputation for quality and responsibility. However, various stresses on the Canadian mining education system currently appear to place at risk the quality of the educational experience, limit the ability of mining departments to adapt to industry, while overall jeopardizing the sustainability of mining education. This study identifies the absence of an industry strategy to nurture the sustainability of Canada’s mining educational excellence. The thesis is based on a qualitative research program that examined the perspectives of a range of industry and academic experts. It attempts to contribute to invigorated collaboration between industry and universities to better address the future human resources challenges and ensure the sustainability of Canadian mining leadership. Data collected through a series of structured interviews was organized into six themes leading to the conclusion that the challenges threatening the university contribution to mining engineering leadership in Canada can be mitigated through strategic university and industry collaboration. It concludes that industry leadership needs to become proactively involved in collaboration with schools to sustain Canada’s mining education health and quality. Its leadership needs to be more aware of the critical state of Canadian mining engineering education system. Industry needs to influence mining schools to pool resources and expertise and to work collaboratively together rather than in isolation. Companies need to accelerate the development of future leaders through offering consistent summer student and co-op hiring. Lastly, it is recommended that industry needs to prioritize mentorship and facilitate the timely transfer of knowledge from senior engineers to junior engineers. This thesis contends that Canadian mining engineering education is at a critical juncture. The mining industry is experiencing a new era of globalization and expectations of sustainable development. Continuing to simply stay the course places Canada’s competitiveness as a leader in mining at risk. The research concludes by observing that a new vision and strategy for industry-university collaboration, energised by government, should be a priority short term goal.