cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Albia rectifrons Viets 1930
Creators: name: Smit, H.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Trombidiformes
Aturidae
Albia
Albia rectifrons

description: Albia rectifrons Viets, 1930 Material examined. Malaysia. 1/0/1, Lake Chini, 3°26.103N 102°55.801E, alt. 22 m a.s.l., 11-ii-2009. Remarks — A widely distributed species, previously reported from Indonesia, Australia, Malaysia, Burma, India and China (Viets 1935, Uchida and Imamura 1951, Cook 1967, 1986, Wiles 1992).
description: Published as part of Smit, H., 2016, The water mite family Aturidae Thor, 1900 from Southeast Asia (Acari: Hydrachnidia) with the description of one new genus and 14 new species, pp. 341-365 in Acarologia 56 (3) on page 364, DOI: 10.1051/acarologia/20162248, http://zenodo.org/record/5393843
description: {"references": ["Viets K. 1935 - Die Wassermilben von Sumatra, Java und Bali nach den Ergebnissen der Deutschen Limnologischen Sunda-Expedition - Arch. Hydrobiol., Suppl. 13, Trop. Binnengewasser, 5 (3): 484 - 594, 5 (4): 595 - 738, Suppl. 14, Trop. Binnengewasser, 6 (1): 1 - 113.", "Uchida T., Imamura T. 1951 - Some water mites from China - J. Fac. Sci., Hokkaido Univ., Ser. 6, Zool., 10: 324 - 358.", "Cook D. R. 1967 - Water mites from India - Mem. Amer. Ent. Inst., 9: 1 - 411.", "Cook D. R. 1986 - Water mites from Australia - Mem. Amer. Ent. Inst., 40: 1 - 568.", "Wiles P. R 1992 - Water mites (Hydrachnidia: Aturidae) of the genus Albia Thon from Asia and Australasia with descriptions of eleven new species - Ent. scand., 22: 465 - 487."]}
Sub‐seasonal teleconnections between convection over the Indian Ocean, the East African long rains and tropical Pacific surface temperatures
Creators: name: Vigaud, Nicolas
name: Lyon, Bradfield
name: Giannini, Alessandra
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Convection (Meteorology)
Climatic changes
Precipitation variability
Water temperature

description: Since 1999, the increased frequency of dry conditions over East Africa, particularly during the March–May (MAM) season, has heightened concerns in a region already highly insecure about food. The underlying mechanisms, however, are still not yet fully understood. This article analyses a proxy for daily convection variations over a large region encompassing East Africa and the whole Indian Ocean basin by applying a cluster analysis to more than 30 years of daily outgoing longwave radiation (OLR). Focusing on the MAM season to investigate relationships with East African long rains, four recurrent convection regimes associated with wet/dry conditions in East Africa are identified. Interestingly, all four regimes are related to western/central Pacific sea surface temperatures (SSTs) and rainfall. Wet regimes are associated with cool and dry/warm and wet conditions over the Maritime Continent (MC)/tropical Pacific east of the date line. Dry regimes exhibit opposite SST/rainfall dipole patterns in the Pacific compared to wet regimes, with the Indian Ocean found to modulate impacts on East African rainfall. Significant relationships between off‐equatorial warming in the west Pacific and a more frequent dry regime in May since 1998–1999 suggest an earlier onset of the monsoon and Somali jet, consistent with the recent abrupt shift observed in East African long rains and their modulation at multi‐decadal time scales of the Pacific.
Phonon induced backscattering in helical edge states
Creators: name: Budich, Jan Carl
name: Dolcini, Fabrizio
name: Recher, Patrik
name: Trauzettel, Björn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A single pair of helical edge states as realized at the boundary of a quantum spin Hall insulator is known to be robust against elastic single particle backscattering as long as time reversal symmetry is preserved. However, there is no symmetry preventing inelastic backscattering as brought about by phonons in the presence of Rashba spin orbit coupling. In this letter, we show that the quantized conductivity of a single channel of helical Dirac electrons is protected even against this inelastic mechanism to leading order. We further demonstrate that this result remains valid even when Coulomb interaction is included in the framework of a helical Tomonaga Luttinger liquid.
description: Published Version
ATM orchestrates ferritinophagy and ferroptosis by phosphorylating NCOA4
Creators: name: Wu, Hao
name: Liu, Qian
name: Shan, Xinyi
name: Gao, Weihua
name: Chen, Quan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Hematology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: Ferroptosis is a newly characterized form of programmed cell death, which is driven by the lethal accumulation of lipid peroxides catalyzed by the intracellular bioactive iron. Targeted induction of ferroptotic cell death holds great promise for therapeutic design against other therapy-resistant cancers. To date, multiple post-translational modifications have been elucidated to impinge on the ferroptotic sensitivity. Here we report that the Ser/Thr protein kinase ATM, the major sensor of DNA double-strand break damage, is indispensable for ferroptosis execution. Pharmacological inhibition or genetic ablation of ATM significantly antagonizes ferroptosis. Besides, ATM ablation-induced ferroptotic resistance is largely independent of its downstream target TRP53, as cells defective in both Trp53 and Atm are still more insensitive to ferroptotic inducers than the trp53 single knockout cells. Mechanistically, ATM dominates the intracellular labile free iron by phosphorylating NCOA4, facilitating NCOA4-ferritin interaction and therefore sustaining ferritinophagy, a selective type of macroautophagy/autophagy specifically degrading ferritin for iron recycling. Our results thus uncover a novel regulatory circuit of ferroptosis comprising ATM-NCOA4 in orchestrating ferritinophagy and iron bioavailability. Abbreviations: AMPK: AMP-activated protein kinase; ATM: ataxia telangiectasia mutated; BSO: buthionine sulphoximine; CDKN1A: cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (P21); CQ: chloroquine; DFO: deferoxamine; DFP: deferiprone; Fer: ferrostatin-1; FTH1: ferritin heavy polypeptide 1; GPX4: glutathione peroxidase 4; GSH: glutathione; MEF: mouse embryonic fibroblast; NCOA4: nuclear receptor coactivator 4; PFTα: pifithrin-α; PTGS2: prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2; Slc7a11: solute carrier family 7 member 11; Sul: sulfasalazine; TFRC: transferrin receptor; TRP53: transformation related protein 53.
Beyond Trade Deals: Charting a Post-Brexit Course for UK Investment Treaties
Creators: name: Johnson, Lise
name: Cotula, Lorenzo
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Investments, Foreign--Government policy
subject: Sustainable development
subject: Investments, Foreign
subject: Treaties
subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law
subject: Sustainability

description: The Brexit referendum has raised questions about the future terms of the United Kingdom’s engagement with the world economy. While a debate over the UK’s future approach to trade deals has already begun, a similar discussion has yet to develop on the treaties that govern foreign investment. As this briefing note by Lorenzo Cotula of the International Institute for Environment and Development, and Lise Johnson of CCSI highlights, the stakes are high: ill-designed treaties could leave the UK excessively exposed to legal claims by foreign companies and could fail to address relevant economic, social and environmental challenges. While meaningful negotiations are unlikely to start until the new relationship between the UK and the EU has been clarified, now would be a good time for a policy review to define a new approach. The government, parliament and the public have an important role to play in positioning the UK as a global innovator in investment treaty policy.
Rethinking Child Protection in Emergencies
Creators: name: Bennouna, Cyril
name: Fischer, Hanna-Tina
name: Wessells, Michael G.
name: Boothby, Neil G.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Emergency management
Child welfare
Humanitarian assistance
Humanitarian intervention
Children

description: The humanitarian system is struggling to adapt to changes in the global political environment, trends in armed conflict and displacement, and advances in science and technology. In recent years, the international community has undertaken a number of efforts to overcome these challenges, such as the Agenda for Humanity, a plan that outlines the changes needed to alleviate suffering, reduce risk, and lessen vulnerability on a global scale. This article reviews recent evidence from a range of disciplines to inform these efforts, especially as they relate to the protection of children. Early childhood and adolescence constitute two critical periods of child development that lay the foundations for future health and wellbeing. Exposure to adversity in crisis contexts can compromise this development, with potentially life-long consequences. Evidence suggests that relationships with caregivers and peers play a central role in mediating childhood experiences of adversity. Unfortunately, interventions for children affected by crises are usually too fragmented to maximize the protective effects of healthy relationships. This article stresses the importance of developing multisectoral and relational interventions capable of promoting healthy development across the life course. Given the central role of caregivers, the household is an especially powerful level of intervention for combining approaches from different sectors. More concerted efforts are needed to develop household interventions that combine traditional sectoral approaches with innovative, cross-cutting measures, such as cash transfers and parental support. Household interventions should also be an integral part of broader community and society level actions, which together form more comprehensive systems of care.
title: Optimizing MoS2 Electrolyte‐Gated Transistors: Stability, Performance, and Sensitivity Enhancements
Creators: name: Rühl, Steffen
name: Ligorio, Giovanni
name: Heyl, Max
name: List‐Kratochvil, Emil J. W.
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Ag/AgCl reference electrode
subject: EGFET
subject: MoS2
subject: silver nano particles
subject: TMDC
subject: water
subject: 590 Tiere (Zoologie)
subject: 630 Landwirtschaft und verwandte Bereiche

description: Electrolyte‐gated field‐effect transistors (EGFETs) based on transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) are promising for biosensing applications due to their high transconductance (1.98 mS) and surface sensitivity enabling the detection of minute interfacial changes. However, their stability in aqueous poses significant challenges for long‐term reliability. This work presents a study to anhance both the stability and performance of TMDC‐based EGFETs. Initial devices showed promising performance but suffered significant instability during prolonged aqueos operation, limiting their biosensing applications. Postmortem analysis identified key areas for improvement leadinf to three major modifications: 1) a double‐junction Ag/AgCl electrode to prevent ion leakage, 2) a protective resist layer to shields the monolayer, and 3) precise etching to confine the semiconductor material, reducing parasitic currents. These optimizations imroved the devices' transconductance and ensured stable operation over extended periods establishing TMDC‐based EGFETs as viable candidates for reliable biosensing in aqueous environments.
Quantum phase transitions in the Kane-Mele-Hubbard model
Creators: name: Hohenadler, M.
name: Meng, Z. Y.
name: Lang, T. C.
name: Wessel, S.
name: Muramatsu, A.
name: Assaad, F. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the two-dimensional Kane-Mele-Hubbard model at half filling by means of quantum Monte Carlo simulations. We present a refined phase boundary for the quantum spin liquid. The topological insulator at finite Hubbard interaction strength is adiabatically connected to the groundstate of the Kane-Mele model. In the presence of spin-orbit coupling, magnetic order at large Hubbard U is restricted to the transverse direction. The transition from the topological band insulator to the antiferromagnetic Mott insulator is in the universality class of the three-dimensional XY model. The numerical data suggest that the spin liquid to topological insulator and spin liquid to Mott insulator transitions are both continuous.
description: 13 pages, 10 figures; final version; new Figs. 4(b) and 8(b)
Impact of Separation on Refugee Families: Syrian Refugees in Jordan
Creators: name: McNatt, Zahirah
name: Boothby, Neil G.
name: Al-Shannaq, Hamza
name: Chandler, Hannah
name: Freels, Patricia
name: Mahmoud, Ahmed S.
name: Majdalani, Noor
name: Zebib, Laura
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Syrians
Refugees
Political refugees
Refugees--Family relationships

description: The ongoing conflict in Syria, now entering its eighth year, has resulted in the largest refugee crisis since World War II. Nearly 6.5 million Syrians have become internally displaced, with an additional 5.6 million forced to leave their country to seek asylum. In the face of this displacement, greater attention is being given to complementary and alternative solutions such as reunification of separated family members. However, serious legal and procedural obstacles are obstructing the reunification of Syrian families across the Middle East and Europe. This study outlines several ways in which family separation negatively impacts Syrian refugees in Jordan. These effects are significant, and include financial burdens, increased child labour, emotional distress, broken social networks, parenting challenges and changes to familial roles.
title: Redox‐Triggered Debonding of Mussel‐Inspired Pressure Sensitive Adhesives: Improving Efficiency Through Functional Design
Creators: name: Neubert, Tilmann J.
name: Walter, Keven
name: Schröter, Carolin
name: Guglielmotti, Victoria
name: Hinrichs, Karsten
name: Reinicke, Stefan
name: Taden, Andreas
name: Balasubramanian, Kannan
name: Börner, Hans G.
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: debonding
subject: green PSA
subject: redox trigger
subject: mussel-inspired adhesive
subject: renewable building blocks
subject: 540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften

description: Debondable pressure‐sensitive adhesives (PSAs) promise access to recyclability in microelectronics in the transition toward a circular economy. Two PSAs were synthesized from a tetravalent thiol star‐polyester forming thiol‐catechol‐connectivities (TCC) with either the biorelated DiDopa‐bisquinone (BY*Q) or the fossil‐based bisquinone A (BQA). The PSAs enable debonding by oxidation of TCC‐catechols to quinones. The extent of debonding efficiency depends on the interaction modes, which are determined by the chemical structure differences of both TCC‐motifs. BY*Q‐TCC‐PSA debonds with exceptional loss of 99 % of its approx. 2 MPa shear strength in glass‐on‐glass junctions. For BQA‐TCC‐PSA, a debonding efficiency of only approx. 60 % was found, irrespective of its initial shear strength, which could be tuned up to approx. 7 MPa. The efficiency of debonding for BY*Q‐TCC‐PSA after TCC‐oxidation is linked to the loss of synergistic interactions without strongly affecting the bulk glue properties, outperforming the purely catechol‐based BQA‐analogue.
title: Zooplankton in the southern North Sea and the link with (semi-)pelagic fish and fisheries
Creators: name: Van Ginderdeure, Karl
name: Prössler, nYves
Publisher: name: ASC 2010 - Theme session L
Year: 2024
Subjects: Fisheries and aquaculture
Technologies and data

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.Mid-trophic pelagic fish play a key role in marine ecosystems, linking zooplankton prey and top predators. They are also of great economic importance as fishery target. Further studying these trophic links is of great value towards maintaining fish stocks as well as improving economic implications towards fisheries. Quantifying these links requires diet and feeding rate studies. Diet compositions reflect feeding ecology and diet changes are directly linked to an “actor”—climate control, anthropogenic impacts, seasonality, interannual variations, etc. In this study, interactions between pelagic fish and lower trophic levels are examined by looking at fish diet composition, food selectivity, and stomach fullness. Fish and mesozooplankton samples were collected at several stations in the Belgian part of the North Sea on a monthly basis, in order to examine a temporal and spatial gradient. Taking both plankton and fish samples allows direct comparison results. The diet of sprat is dominated by calanoid copepod species (Temora longicornis and Centropages sp). Herring feeds mainly on calanoids as well, but adds amphipods, cumaceans, decapods, bristle worms, and mysids to its diet. In general, small numbers of copepodites were found, indicating selectivity towards adult prey. An onshore–offshore gradient in plankton composition corresponds to a shift in fish diet. Mackerel were clearly piscivorous, preying upon sandeels, but added copepods and pelagic crustaceans to their diet. Horse mackerel seemed to favour both benthic and pelagic hunting grounds, resulting in copepods and typical benthic fauna (e.g. ensis spat) in their stomachs.
Using nonequilibrium fluctuation theorems to understand and correct errors in equilibrium and nonequilibrium discrete Langevin dynamics simulations
Creators: name: Sivak, David A.
name: Chodera, John D.
name: Crooks, Gavin E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Common algorithms for computationally simulating Langevin dynamics must discretize the stochastic differential equations of motion. These resulting finite time step integrators necessarily have several practical issues in common: Microscopic reversibility is violated, the sampled stationary distribution differs from the desired equilibrium distribution, and the work accumulated in nonequilibrium simulations is not directly usable in estimators based on nonequilibrium work theorems. Here, we show that even with a time-independent Hamiltonian, finite time step Langevin integrators can be thought of as a driven, nonequilibrium physical process. Once an appropriate work-like quantity is defined -- here called the shadow work -- recently developed nonequilibrium fluctuation theorems can be used to measure or correct for the errors introduced by the use of finite time steps. In particular, we demonstrate that amending estimators based on nonequilibrium work theorems to include this shadow work removes the time step dependent error from estimates of free energies. We also quantify, for the first time, the magnitude of deviations between the sampled stationary distribution and the desired equilibrium distribution for equilibrium Langevin simulations of solvated systems of varying size. While these deviations can be large, they can be eliminated altogether by Metropolization or greatly diminished by small reductions in the time step. Through this connection with driven processes, further developments in nonequilibrium fluctuation theorems can provide additional analytical tools for dealing with errors in finite time step integrators.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures
HIGH CORAL DIVERSITY IS COUPLED WITH REEF-BUILDING CAPACITY DURING THE LATE OLIGOCENE WARMING EVENT (CASTRO LIMESTONE, SALENTO PENINSULA, S ITALY)
Creators: name: R. BOSELLINI, FRANCESCA
name: VESCOGNI, ALESSANDRO
name: F. BUDD, ANN
name: A. PAPAZZONI, CESARE
Publisher: name: RIVISTA ITALIANA DI PALEONTOLOGIA E STRATIGRAFIA
Year: 2021

description: The Oligocene, well known as the apex of Cenozoic reef growth, is a crucial period of time to investigate the mutual relationship between coral reef construction and coral diversity and their link with palaeoclimate and palaeoenvironmental changes. Here we provide a complete characterization of the Upper Oligocene reef complex of the Castro Limestone (Salento Peninsula, S Italy), which is one of the best-preserved Oligocene coral reefs of the Mediterranean region. By combining facies analysis with the first detailed characterization of its coral fauna, we show that the Castro Limestone has both a rich scleractinian coral fauna (25 genera and 41 species) and a large reef volume, and it represents a luxuriant fringing reef formed within the euphotic zone in clear water conditions facing the open sea. The coral fauna differs both in its composition and in its proportions among reef palaeoenvironments, ranging from the shallow back reef to the fore reef slope, and its stratigraphic and palaeogeographic distribution testifies to the persistence of a cosmopolitan Tethyan fauna in Oligocene time, with the Mediterranean and Indo-Pacific provinces being more closely connected than the Mediterranean and the Caribbean. The age of the Castro Limestone is here reassigned to the middle-late Chattian, which coincides with the Late Oligocene Warming Event (LOWE) when atmospheric CO2 values declined. We suggest that the strong reef-building capacity of the Castro Limestone, coupled with high coral diversity, was not hampered by warming conditions but most probably promoted by the reduced pCO2 and a suitable local/regional physiographic setting.
description: RIVISTA ITALIANA DI PALEONTOLOGIA E STRATIGRAFIA , V. 127 N. 3 (2021)
Enhanced introspective accuracy and brain grey matter concentration in long-term meditation practitioners
Creators: name: Fox, Kieran Charles Ryan
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: The accuracy of subjective reports, especially those involving introspection of one’s own internal processes, remains unclear, and research has demonstrated large individual differences in introspective accuracy. It has been hypothesized that introspective accuracy may be heightened in persons who engage in meditation practices, due to the highly introspective nature of such practices. We undertook a preliminary exploration of this hypothesis, examining introspective accuracy in a cross-section of meditation practitioners (1 - 15,000 hrs experience). Expert meditators showed significantly better introspective accuracy than novices; overall meditation experience also significantly predicted individual introspective accuracy. We then undertook a neuroimaging study (with a partially overlapping sample of meditators) to investigate possible structural brain differences between long-term meditators with high introspective accuracy, and meditation-naïve control subjects. Using magnetic resonance imaging to acquire 3D anatomical brain images, we used voxel-based morphometry to assess grey matter concentration differences between groups, and also as a function of meditation experience. Between-groups results suggest significantly greater concentrations of grey matter in primary somatosensory cortex in long-term meditators vs. controls; among meditators, grey matter concentration was found to increase in several regions key to body-awareness with increasing experience in the body-scanning meditation practice.
Columbia World Projects Forum Report: Expanding Access to Energy
Creators: name: Columbia World Projects
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Power resources
Energy development
Energy policy
Sustainable development

description: On February 19 and 20, 2018, Columbia World Projects (CWP) convened more than 30 energy experts from government, multilateral institutions, nongovernmental and philanthropic organizations, the private sector, and academia, among other fields, to discuss concrete ways in which research and scholarship can be brought to bear on expanding access to energy.  This report summarizes the main findings of that Forum.  Specifically, Section II summarizes the Forum’s opening plenary discussion on the scope and nature of the problem, key cross-cutting issues, and different ways of approaching the challenge of expanding energy access.  Section III reports on the discussions held by the Forum’s five thematic working groups, in which a series of project proposals for how to bring research and scholarship to bear on expanding access to energy were evaluated.  Section IV summarizes the closing plenary session, in which the projects developed in the working groups were discussed and participants ultimately weighed in on what they considered to be the top two or three ideas most worthy of further development.  Section V sets out the next steps Columbia World Projects will undertake in developing the four ideas that received the most support from participants as potential CWP projects.
Light-assisted ion-neutral reactive processes in the cold regime: radiative molecule formation vs. charge exchange
Creators: name: Hall, Felix H. J.
name: Aymar, Mireille
name: Bouloufa-Maafa, Nadia
name: Dulieu, Olivier
name: Willitsch, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a combined experimental and theoretical study of cold reactive collisions between laser-cooled Ca+ ions and Rb atoms in an ion-atom hybrid trap. We observe rich chemical dynamics which are interpreted in terms of non-adiabatic and radiative charge exchange as well as radiative molecule formation using high-level electronic structure calculations. We study the role of light-assisted processes and show that the efficiency of the dominant chemical pathways is considerably enhanced in excited reaction channels. Our results illustrate the importance of radiative and non-radiative processes for the cold chemistry occurring in ion-atom hybrid traps.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
title: Field consumption estimates of the European sardine in the North Aegean Sea during summer
Creators: name: Nikolioudakis, Nikolaos
name: Giannoulaki, Marianna
name: Machias, Athanassios
name: Somarakis, Stylianos
Publisher: name: ASC 2010 - Theme session L
Year: 2024
Subjects: Fisheries and aquaculture
Technologies and data

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.The calculation of realistic consumption estimates of fish is fundamental information in models that attempt to couple lower and upper trophic levels. Daily ration estimates can be derived from tank experiments or from field sampling over diel cycles, followed by the application of various consumption models. In the present work, estimates of daily rations of European sardine, Sardina pilchardus sardina, juveniles and adults (i.e. ≤100 mm and >100 mm total length), were derived from field samples collected during July 2007 and July 2008 in the northern Aegean Sea. The basis for the calculation of separate consumption estimates for juvenile and adult fish during each sampling period was (i) a significant change in the length weight relationship of sardines and (ii) the observation of a change in the vertical positioning of fish in the water column at approximately 100 mm total length. The consumption models applied were those of (i) Eggers, (ii) Elliott and Persson, and (iii) MAXIMS on mean stomach fullness index values. Instantaneous gastric evacuation rates were found to be within the range of values estimated for other small pelagic fish and similar both between the two sampling periods and ontogenetic groups examined. Interannual as well as ontogenetic differences in consumption rates were found, with juveniles always exhibiting higher daily ration values than adult fish.
Spectro-polarimetry of the bright side of Saturn's moon Iapetus
Creators: name: Ejeta, C.
name: Boehnhardt, H.
name: Bagnulo, S.
name: Tozzi, G. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Measurements of the polarized reflected sunlight from atmosphereless solar system bodies, over a range of phase angles, provide information about the surface structure and composition. With this work, we provide analysis of the polarimetric observations of the bright side of Iapetus at five different phase angles, and over the full useful wavelength range (400-800nm), so as to assess the light scattering behaviour of a typical surface water ice. Using FORS2 of the ESO VLT, we have performed linear spectro-polarimetric observations of Iapetus' bright side from 2009 to 2011 at five different phase angles, in the range from 0.80-5.20^{0}, along with circular spectro-polarimetric observations at one phase angle. By measuring, with high accuracy (~0.1% per spectral bin for each Stokes parameter), the spectral polarization of the bright trailing hemisphere of Saturn's moon Iapetus, we have identified the polarimetric characteristics of water ice, and found that its linear degree of negative polarization decreases with increasing phase angle of observation (varying from -0.9% to -0.3%), with a clear dependence on wavelengths of observation.
description: Accepted for publication on Astonomy and Astrophysics Journal, 8-Pages and 6-figures
title: Real‐Time Non‐Faradaic Potentiodynamic Impedance Sensing Using Screen‐Printed Carbon Electrodes
Creators: name: Fuhry, Emil
name: Guglielmotti, Victoria
name: Wachta, Isabell
name: Pallarola, Diego
name: Balasubramanian, Kannan
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: point of zero charge
subject: capacitive sensors
subject: electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS)
subject: cell sensing
subject: electric cell-substrate impedance sensing (ECIS)
subject: potentiodynamic
subject: screen-printed electrodes
subject: adsorption
subject: 540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften

description: Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) is a suitable analytical technique to detect interfacial phenomena and analyte binding at electrode surfaces. In contrast to metallic electrodes, carbon‐based electrodes are more suited due to the low cost and the availability of more versatile methods for chemical functionalization. For (bio) sensing, often the Faradaic version of EIS in a three‐electrode configuration is used, where a redox‐active species is used as a marker. In order to avoid interference due to the redox‐active marker with the interfacial interaction, we focus here on the use of non‐Faradaic EIS in the absence of any added markers. First, we utilize the sedimentation of silica beads as a model system, which reduces the complexity of the interaction simplifying the interpretation of the measured signals. Moreover, we introduce two improvements. First, impedance measurements are performed in a three‐electrode configuration with applied potential as an additional variable, which serves as a handle to optimize the sensitivity. Secondly, we present a time‐differential strategy to detect subtle changes and demonstrate that we can consistently follow the sedimentation of beads using the non‐Faradaic impedance as a function of the applied potential. Finally, we show a proof‐of‐principle demonstration for the biosensing of cell attachment on the electrodes in real‐time using the proposed technique.
MOESM1 of Optimizing a CRISPR-Cpf1-based genome engineering system for Corynebacterium glutamicum
Creators: name: Zhang, Jiao
name: Yang, Fayu
name: Yang, Yunpeng
name: Jiang, Yu
name: Huo, Yi-Xin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Additional Figures S1, S2 and Tables S1â S3.
Spin gating electrical current
Creators: name: Ciccarelli, C.
name: Zarbo, L. P.
name: Irvine, A. C.
name: Campion, R. P.
name: Gallagher, B. L.
name: Wunderlich, J.
name: Jungwirth, T.
name: Ferguson, A. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use an aluminium single electron transistor with a magnetic gate to directly quantify the chemical potential anisotropy of GaMnAs materials. Uniaxial and cubic contributions to the chemical potential anisotropy are determined from field rotation experiments. In performing magnetic field sweeps we observe additional isotropic magnetic field dependence of the chemical potential which shows a non-monotonic behavior. The observed effects are explained by calculations based on the $\mathbf{k}\cdot\mathbf{p}$ kinetic exchange model of ferromagnetism in GaMnAs. Our device inverts the conventional approach for constructing spin transistors: instead of spin-transport controlled by ordinary gates we spin-gate ordinary charge transport.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
title: Direct Spectroscopic Confirmation of the Oxygen‐Centered Diradical Character of the Tetraoxidorhenium(VII) Cation [Re(O)4]+
Creators: name: Da Silva Santos, Mayara
name: Medel, Robert
name: Kruse, Simon
name: Flach, Max
name: Ablyasova, Olesya S.
name: Timm, Martin
name: Von Issendorff, Bernd
name: Hirsch, Konstantin
name: Zamudio‐Bayer, Vicente
name: Riedel, Sebastian
name: Lau, J. Tobias
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: gas phase
subject: ground state
subject: radicals
subject: rhenium
subject: X-ray absorption spectroscopy
subject: 540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften

description: Mononuclear inorganic diradical species are scarce. Here, we confirm, via X‐ray absorption spectroscopy in the gas phase combined with computational studies, the oxygen‐centered diradical character of the tetraoxidorhenium(VII) cation. A dioxido‐superoxido isomer, close in energy to the diradical, is also found, where rhenium appears in its rare oxidation state of +6. Addition of one or two hydrogen atoms to [Re,O4]+ forms hydroxido ligands, and strongly disfavors isomers with any oxygen‐oxygen bond. This adds spectroscopic characterization of the rhenium oxidation state and the nature of ligands to the known ability of [Re,O4]+ to perform two consecutive hydrogen‐atom abstraction reactions from methane, and demonstrates that pentaatomic [Re,O4]+ combines a metal center in its highest oxidation state with two oxygen‐centered radical ligands in a highly reactive species.
Fermiophobic Higgs boson and supersymmetry
Creators: name: Gabrielli, Emidio
name: Kannike, Kristjan
name: Mele, Barbara
name: Racioppi, Antonio
name: Raidal, Martti
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: If a light Higgs boson with mass 125 GeV is fermiophobic, or partially fermiophobic, then the MSSM is excluded. The minimal supersymmetric fermiophobic Higgs scenario can naturally be formulated in the context of the NMSSM that admits Z_3 discrete symmetries. In the fermiophobic NMSSM, the SUSY naturalness criteria are relaxed by a factor N_c y_t^4/g^4 \sim 25, removing the little hierarchy problem and allowing sparticle masses to be naturally of order 2--3 TeV. This scale motivates wino or higgsino dark matter. The SUSY flavour and CP problems as well as the constraints on sparticle and Higgs boson masses from b \to sγ, B_s \to μμ and direct LHC searches are relaxed in fermiophobic NMSSM. The price to pay is that a new, yet unknown, mechanism must be introduced to generate fermion masses. We show that in the fermiophobic NMSSM the radiative Higgs boson branchings to γγ, γZ can be modified compared to the fermiophobic and ordinary standard model predictions, and fit present collider data better. Suppression of dark matter scattering off nuclei explains the absence of signal in XENON100.
description: added discussion on the general tan\beta\ case, same as published version, 26 pages, 6 figures
DNA methylation demonstrates spread of X-chromosome inactivation to human transgenes
Creators: name: Yang, Christine
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: X-chromosome inactivation is the process by which mammalian females achieve dosage compensation with males by silencing one of the two X chromosomes in female cells. Despite the chromosome-wide inactivation, a significant proportion of genes on the X chromosome in humans remain expressed on the inactive X chromosome. It has been long hypothesized that the genomic context plays an important role in influencing whether a gene is subject to or escapes from X-chromosome inactivation; however, cis-regulatory elements involved in X-chromosome inactivation have not yet been identified. The objective of this thesis was to identify DNA elements that promote the escape of genes from X-chromosome inactivation in the human genome, through analyzing the X-chromosome inactivation statuses of human transgenes integrated at the Hprt locus on the mouse X chromosome and identifying the transgenes that escape from X-chromosome inactivation. DNA methylation was used to assess the inactivation status of 74 human reporter constructs comprising over 1.5 Mb of DNA. Transgenes that show low promoter DNA methylation in males and females would be potential escape genes. Of the 47 genes examined, only the PHB gene showed female DNA hypomethylation approaching the level seen in males, and escape from X-chromosome inactivation was verified by the demonstration of expression from the inactive X chromosome in females with non-random X-chromosome inactivation. Analysis on the repeat element content of five BAC-derived transgenes subject to X-chromosome inactivation suggested that local LINE-1 and Alu densities were insufficient to determine whether a gene would be subject to X-inactivation. Interestingly, CpG islands not associated with promoters also showed female-specific DNA hypermethylation, suggesting a dominant effect of X-chromosome inactivation on the regulation of DNA methylation. Different human transgenes show a differential capacity to accumulate DNA methylation when integrated into the identical location on the inactive X chromosome, indicating the presence of additional cis-acting epigenetic modulators. As only one of the human transgenes analyzed escaped from X-chromosome inactivation, we conclude that elements involved in ongoing expression from the inactive X are rare in the human genome and that mouse X-chromosome inactivation is very effective in silencing human transgenes.
title: Movement models for geolocation of pelagic fish using oceanographic fields with complex boundaries
Creators: name: Royer, Francois
name: Senina, Inna
name: Lehodey, Patrick
Publisher: name: ASC 2010 - Theme session L
Year: 2024
Subjects: Fisheries and aquaculture
Technologies and data

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.Datasets retrieved from electronic archival tags prove particularly challenging to classic filtering methods, because pelagic animals evolve in domains with complex boundaries and dynamic physical habitats. Non-Gaussian observational errors, faulty sensors, and data loss (sometimes in large, repeated batches) further complicate the modeller’s task. A new development for positioning pelagic fish from archival tag data is presented here, with a focus on tackling complex boundaries such as coastlines. The method leverages a recently proposed Bayesian filter, consisting in solving the filtering equations on the discretized spatial domain, and updating using measurements collected by the tag’s different sensors (ambient temperature, light intensity, or sunrise/sunset times). Two implementations of the random walk model are presented, assuming a Gaussian kernel (for diffusive movement) and a uniform kernel (for speed-constrained movement). An application using archival tag datasets is presented to show the robustness of the method, using sea surface temperature and light data to locate fish near complex boundaries.
title: Faking in Self‐Report Personality Scales: A Qualitative Analysis and Taxonomy of the Behaviors That Constitute Faking Strategies
Creators: name: Röhner, Jessica
name: Schütz, Astrid
name: Ziegler, Matthias
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: faking
subject: process of faking in SRPSs
subject: self‐report personality scales (SRPSs)
subject: taxonomy of faking behaviors that constitute faking strategies in SRPSs
subject: the general response process model (GRPM)
subject: 150 Psychologie
subject: 650 Management und unterstützende Tätigkeiten

description: Faking in self‐report personality scales (SRPSs) is not sufficiently understood. This limits its detection and prevention. Here, we introduce a taxonomy of faking behaviors that constitute faking strategies in SRPSs, reflecting the stages (comprehension, retrieval, judgment, and response) of the general response process model (GRPM). We reanalyzed data from two studies investigating the faking of high and low scores on Extraversion (E) and Need for Cognition (NFC) scales (Data Set 1; N  = 305) or on an E scale (Data Set 2; N  = 251). Participants were asked to explain exactly what they did to fake, and their responses ( N  = 533) were examined via a qualitative content analysis. The resulting taxonomy included 22 global and 13 specific behaviors that (in combination) constitute faking strategies in SRPSs. We organized the behaviors into four clusters along the stages of the GRPM. The behaviors held irrespective of the construct (E or NFC), and with two exceptions, also irrespective of the data set (Data Sets 1 or 2). Eight exceptions concerning faking direction (high or low) indicate direction‐specific differences in faking behaviors. Respondents reported using not only different faking behaviors (e.g., role‐playing, behaviors to avoid being detected) but also multiple combinations thereof. The suggested taxonomy is necessarily limited to the specified context, and, thus, additional faking behaviors are possible. To fully understand faking, further research in other contexts should be conducted to complement the taxonomy. Still, the complexity shown here explains why adequate detection and prevention of faking in SRPSs is so challenging.
Basics of averaging of the Maxwell equations for bulk materials
Creators: name: Chipouline, A.
name: Simovski, C.
name: Tretyakov, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Volume or statistical averaging of the microscopic Maxwell equations (MEs), i.e. transition from microscopic MEs to their macroscopic counterparts, is one of the main steps in electrodynamics of materials. In spite of the fundamental importance of the averaging procedure, it is quite rarely properly discussed in university courses and respective books; up to now there is no established consensus about how the averaging procedure has to be performed. In this paper we show that there are some basic principles for the averaging procedure (irrespective to what type of material is studied) which have to be satisfied. Any homogenization model has to be consistent with the basic principles. In case of absence of this correlation of a particular model with the basic principles the model could not be accepted as a credible one. Another goal of this paper is to establish the averaging procedure for bulk MM, which is rather close to the case of compound materials but should include magnetic response of the inclusions and their clusters. In the vast majority of cases the consideration of bulk materials means that we consider propagation of an electromagnetic wave far from the interfaces, where the eigenwave in the medium has been already formed and stabilized. In other words, in this paper we consider the possible eigenmodes, which could exist in the equivalent homogenized media, and the necessary math apparatus for an adequate description of these waves. A discussion about boundary conditions and layered MM is a subject of separate publication and will be done elsewhere.
The string tension from smeared Wilson loops at large N
Creators: name: González-Arroyo, Antonio
name: Okawa, Masanori
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of a high statistics analysis of smeared Wilson loops in 4 dimensional SU(N) Yang-Mills theory for various values of N. The data is used to analyze the behaviour of smeared Creutz ratios, extracting from them the value of the string tension and other asymptotic parameters. A scaling analysis allows us to extrapolate to the continuum limit for N=3,5,6 and 8. The results are consistent with a $1/N^2$ approach towards the large N limit. The same analysis is done for the TEK model (one-point lattice) for N=841 and a non-minimal symmetric twist with flux of $k=9$. The results match perfectly with the extrapolated large N values, confirming the validity of the reduction idea for this range of parameters.
description: Enlarged revised version with 2 tables and 3 figures
title: Learning from small data sets: Patch‐based regularizers in inverse problems for image reconstruction
Creators: name: Piening, Moritz
name: Altekrüger, Fabian
name: Hertrich, Johannes
name: Hagemann, Paul
name: Walther, Andrea
name: Steidl, Gabriele
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: computed tomography
subject: generative neural networks
subject: inpainting
subject: inverse problems
subject: Langevin Monte Carlo Sampling
subject: small data sets
subject: super‐resolution
subject: uncertainty quantification
subject: Wasserstein distances
subject: zero‐shot learning
subject: 530 Physik
subject: 510 Mathematik

description: The solution of inverse problems is of fundamental interest in medical and astronomical imaging, geophysics as well as engineering and life sciences. Recent advances were made by using methods from machine learning, in particular deep neural networks. Most of these methods require a huge amount of data and computer capacity to train the networks, which often may not be available. Our paper addresses the issue of learning from small data sets by taking patches of very few images into account. We focus on the combination of model‐based and data‐driven methods by approximating just the image prior, also known as regularizer in the variational model. We review two methodically different approaches, namely optimizing the maximum log‐likelihood of the patch distribution, and penalizing Wasserstein‐like discrepancies of whole empirical patch distributions. From the point of view of Bayesian inverse problems, we show how we can achieve uncertainty quantification by approximating the posterior using Langevin Monte Carlo methods. We demonstrate the power of the methods in computed tomography, image super‐resolution, and inpainting. Indeed, the approach provides also high‐quality results in zero‐shot super‐resolution, where only a low‐resolution image is available. The article is accompanied by a GitHub repository containing implementations of all methods as well as data examples so that the reader can get their own insight into the performance.