cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Ergodicity in Strongly Correlated Systems
Creators: name: Avella, Adolfo
name: Mancini, Ferdinando
name: Plekhanov, Evgeny
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a concise, but systematic, review of the ergodicity issue in strongly correlated systems. After giving a brief historical overview, we analyze the issue within the Green's function formalism by means of the equations of motion approach. By means of this analysis, we are able to individuate the primary source of non-ergodic dynamics for a generic operator and also to give a recipe to compute unknown quantities characterizing such a behavior within the Composite Operator Method. Finally, we present examples of non-trivial strongly correlated systems where it is possible to find a non-ergodic behavior.
Accessing the degree of Majorana nonlocality in a quantum dot-optical microcavity system
Creators: name: Ricco, L. S.
name: Kozin, V. K.
name: Seridonio, A. C.
name: Shelykh, I. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the tunneling transport properties of a quantum dot embedded in an optical microcavity and coupled to a semiconductor-superconductor one-dimensional nanowire (Majorana nanowire) hosting Majorana zero modes (MZMs) at their edges. Conductance profiles reveal that strong light-matter coupling can be employed to distinguish between the cases of highly nonlocal MZMs, overlapped MZMs and MZMs with less degree of nonlocal feature. Moreover, we show that it is possible to access the degree of Majorana nonlocality (topological quality factor) by changing the dot spectrum through photon-induced transitions tuned by an external pump applied to the microcavity.
Impact of the LHCb $p\!+\!\!^{4}\!H\!e$ fixed-target $D^0/\bar{D^0}$ data on the intrinisic $c \bar c$ component in the nucleon
Creators: name: Maciula, Rafal
name: Szczurek, Antoni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the impact of the new LHCb fixed-target $p\!+\!^{4}\!He$ data for $D^0/{\bar D}^0$ production on the intrinsic $c \bar c$ component in the nucleon wave function. Within the scenario presented here neither the traditional gluon-gluon fusion or quark-antiquark annihilation mechanisms calculated in the $k_T$-factorization approach nor their counterparts from the collinear next-to-leading order collinear framework are sufficient to describe the transverse momentum and rapidity distributions of $D^0/{\bar D}^0$ mesons. First the $c{\bar c}$-pair production within the standard frameworks is considered. Here a crucial role of the $c \to D$ hadronization effects at low energies and low transverse momenta is found and discussed, which was not analyzed in previous studies. A contribution related to intrinsic $c \bar c$ component in the nucleon wave function is included in addition. Two models of the symmetric ($c(x) = \bar c(x)$) intrinsic charm (IC) component are considered. The intrinsic charm $g^* c \to g c$ (or $g^* {\bar c} \to g {\bar c}$) contribution needs to be regularized in order to obtain a suppression of the minijet $p_{T}$ spectrum present in the phenomenological minijet model, commonly used in Monte Carlo generators. We show that in our model the regularization parameter can be obtained from the fit to the LHCb fixed-target data under consideration here. We discuss uncertainties of our calculations (scale, charm quark mass, fragmentation function) as well as set limits on the IC probability. According to our model the intrinsic charm probability $P_{IC} = 1.65\%$ allows to significantly improve description of the LHCb data but the number is rather uncertain.
description: 28 pages, 20 figures
A class of solvable models in Condensed Matter Physics
Creators: name: Mancini, Ferdinando
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we show that there is a large class of fermionic systems for which it is possible to find, for any dimension, a finite closed set of eigenoperators and eigenvalues of the Hamiltonian. Then, the hierarchy of the equations of motion closes and analytical expressions for the Green's functions are obtained in terms of a finite number of parameters, to be self-consistently determined. Several examples are given. In particular, for these examples it is shown that in the one-dimensional case it is possible to derive by means of algebraic constraints a set of equations which allow us to determine the self-consistent parameters and to obtain a complete exact solution.
Unleashing the full power of LHCb to probe Stealth New Physics
Creators: name: Borsato, Martino
name: Vidal, Xabier Cid
name: Tsai, Yuhsin
name: Sierra, Carlos Vázquez
name: Zurita, José
name: Alonso-Álvarez, Gonzalo
name: Boyarsky, Alexey
name: Rodríguez, Alexandre Brea
name: Franzosi, Diogo Buarque
name: Cacciapaglia, Giacomo
name: Vidal, Adrián Casais
name: Du, Mingxuan
name: Elor, Gilly
name: Escudero, Miguel
name: Ferretti, Gabriele
name: Flacke, Thomas
name: Foldenauer, Patrick
name: Hajer, Jan
name: Henry, Louis
name: Ilten, Philip
name: Kamenik, Jernej
name: Jashal, Brij Kishor
name: Knapen, Simon
name: Redi, Federico Leo
name: Low, Matthew
name: Liu, Zuowei
name: Campos, Arantza Oyanguren
name: Polycarpo, Erica
name: Ramos, Maria
name: Pernas, Miguel Ramos
name: Salvioni, Ennio
name: Rangel, Murilo Santana
name: Schäfer, Ruth
name: Sestini, Lorenzo
name: Soreq, Yotam
name: Tran, Van Que
name: Timiryasov, Inar
name: van Veghel, Maarten
name: Westhoff, Susanne
name: Williams, Michael
name: Zupan, Jure
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we describe the potential of the LHCb experiment to detect Stealth physics. This refers to dynamics beyond the Standard Model that would elude searches that focus on energetic objects or precision measurements of known processes. Stealth signatures include long-lived particles and light resonances that are produced very rarely or together with overwhelming backgrounds. We will discuss why LHCb is equipped to discover this kind of physics at the Large Hadron Collider and provide examples of well-motivated theoretical models that can be probed with great detail at the experiment.
description: 82 pages, 31 figures. This is the version of the article before peer review or editing, as submitted by an author to Reports on Progress in Physics. IOP Publishing Ltd is not responsible for any errors or omissions in this version of the manuscript or any version derived from it. The Version of Record is available online at doi:10.1088/1361-6633/ac4649
Some geometric inequalities for varifolds on Riemannian manifolds based on monotonicity identities
Creators: name: Scharrer, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Using Rauch's comparison theorem, we prove several monotonicity inequalities for Riemannian submanifolds. Our main result is a general Li-Yau inequality which is applicable in any Riemannian manifold whose sectional curvature is bounded above (possibly positive). We show that the monotonicity inequalities can also be used to obtain Simon type diameter bounds, Sobolev inequalities and corresponding isoperimetric inequalities for Riemannian submanifolds with small volume. Moreover, we infer lower diameter bounds for closed minimal submanifolds as corollaries. All the statements are intrinsic in the sense that no embedding of the ambient Riemannian manifold into Euclidean space is needed. Apart from Rauch's comparison theorem, the proofs mainly rely on the first variation formula, thus are valid for general varifolds.
description: 33 pages. Final version to appear in Annals of Global Analysis and Geometry
Information Interaction Profile of Choice Adoption
Creators: name: Poux-Médard, Gaël
name: Velcin, Julien
name: Loudcher, Sabine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Interactions between pieces of information (entities) play a substantial role in the way an individual acts on them: adoption of a product, the spread of news, strategy choice, etc. However, the underlying interaction mechanisms are often unknown and have been little explored in the literature. We introduce an efficient method to infer both the entities interaction network and its evolution according to the temporal distance separating interacting entities; together, they form the interaction profile. The interaction profile allows characterizing the mechanisms of the interaction processes. We approach this problem via a convex model based on recent advances in multi-kernel inference. We consider an ordered sequence of exposures to entities (URL, ads, situations) and the actions the user exerts on them (share, click, decision). We study how users exhibit different behaviors according to combinations of exposures they have been exposed to. We show that the effect of a combination of exposures on a user is more than the sum of each exposure's independent effect--there is an interaction. We reduce this modeling to a non-parametric convex optimization problem that can be solved in parallel. Our method recovers state-of-the-art results on interaction processes on three real-world datasets and outperforms baselines in the inference of the underlying data generation mechanisms. Finally, we show that interaction profiles can be visualized intuitively, easing the interpretation of the model.
description: 18 pages, 4 figures
A theory of multi-scale, curvature and torsion based shape representation for planar and space curves
Creators: name: Mokhtarian, Farzin
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: This thesis presents a theory of multi-scale, curvature and torsion based shape representation for planar and space curves. The theory presented has been developed to satisfy various criteria considered useful for evaluating shape representation methods in computer vision. The criteria are: invariance, uniqueness, stability, efficiency, ease of implementation and computation of shape properties. The regular representation for planar curves is referred to as the curvature scale space image and the regular representation for space curves is referred to as the torsion scale space image. Two variants of the regular representations, referred to as the renormalized and resampled curvature and torsion scale space images, have also been proposed. A number of experiments have been carried out on the representations which show that they are very stable under severe noise conditions and very useful for tasks which call for recognition of a noisy curve of arbitrary shape at an arbitrary scale or orientation. Planar or space curves are described at varying levels of detail by convolving their parametric representations with Gaussian functions of varying standard deviations. The curvature or torsion of each such curve is then computed using mathematical equations which express curvature and torsion in terms of the convolutions of derivatives of Gaussian functions and parametric representations of the input curves. Curvature or torsion zero-crossing points of those curves are then located and combined to form one of the representations mentioned above. The process of describing a curve at increasing levels of abstraction is referred to as the evolution or arc length evolution of that curve. This thesis contains a number of theorems about evolution and arc length evolution of planar and space curves along with their proofs. Some of these theorems demonstrate that evolution and arc length evolution do not change the physical interpretation of curves as object boundaries and others are in fact statements on the global properties of planar and space curves during evolution and arc length evolution and their representations. Other theoretical results shed light on the local behavior of planar and space curves just before and just after the formation of a cusp point during evolution and arc length evolution. Together these results provide a sound theoretical foundation for the representation methods proposed in this thesis.
Quantum Effects in Black Holes from the Schwarzschild Black String?
Creators: name: Fabbri, Alessandro
name: Procopio, Giovanni Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The holographic conjecture for black holes localized on a 3-brane in Randall-Sundrum braneworld models RS2 predicts the existence of a classical 5D time dependent solution dual to a 4D evaporating black hole. After briefly reviewing recent criticism and presenting some difficulties in the holographic interpretation of the Gregory-Laflamme instability, we simulate some basic features of such a solution by studying null geodesics of the Schwarzschild black string, in particular those propagating nontrivially in the bulk, and using holographic arguments.
description: 15 pages, 2 figures, expanded version, including a discussion on the GL instability; to appear in Class. Quant. Grav
Green's Function Formalism for Highly Correlated Systems
Creators: name: Mancini, Ferdinando
name: Avella, Adolfo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the Composite Operator Method (COM) as a modern approach to the study of strongly correlated electronic systems, based on the equation of motion and Green's function method. COM uses propagators of composite operators as building blocks at the basis of approximate calculations and algebra constrains to fix the representation of Green's functions in order to maintain the algebraic and symmetry properties.
Divergence at low bias and down-mixing of the current noise in a diffusive superconductor-normal metal-superconductor junction
Creators: name: Lhotel, Elsa
name: Coupiac, Olivier
name: Lefloch, François
name: Courtois, Hervé
name: Sanquer, Marc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present current noise measurements in a long diffusive superconductor-normal-metal-superconductor junction in the low voltage regime, in which transport can be partially described in terms of coherent multiple Andreev reflections. We show that, when decreasing voltage, the current noise exhibits a strong divergence together with a broad peak. We ascribe this peak to the mixing between the ac- Josephson current and the noise of the junction itself. We show that the junction noise corresponds to the thermal noise of a nonlinear resistor 4kBT=R with R V = I V and no adjustable parameters.
Poynting's theorem for planes waves at an interface: a scattering matrix approach
Creators: name: Dominguez-Rocha, V.
name: Zagoya, C.
name: Martinez-Mares, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply the Poynting theorem to the scattering of monochromatic electromagnetic planes waves with normal incidence to the interface of two different media. We write this energy conservation theorem to introduce a natural definition of the scattering matrix S. For the dielectric-dielectric interface the balance equation lead us to the energy flux conservation which express one of the properties of S: it is a unitary matrix. For the dielectric-conductor interface the scattering matrix is no longer unitary due to the presence of losses at the conductor. However, the dissipative term appearing in the Poynting theorem can be interpreted as a single absorbing mode at the conductor such that a whole S, satisfying flux conservation and containing this absorbing mode, can be defined. This is a simplest version of a model introduced in the current literature to describe losses in more complex systems.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, submitted to Am. J. Phys
Network Growth with Preferential Attachment for High Indegree and Low Outdegree
Creators: name: Sevim, Volkan
name: Rikvold, Per Arne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We study the growth of a directed transportation network, such as a food web, in which links carry resources. We propose a growth process in which new nodes (or species) preferentially attach to existing nodes with high indegree (in food-web language, number of prey) and low outdegree (or number of predators). This scheme, which we call inverse preferential attachment, is intended to maximize the amount of resources available to each new node. We show that the outdegree (predator) distribution decays at least exponentially fast for large outdegree and is continuously tunable between an exponential distribution and a delta function. The indegree (prey) distribution is poissonian in the large-network limit.
Photon Absorption of Two-dimensional Nonsymmorphic Dirac Semimetals
Creators: name: Chakraborty, Amarnath
name: Bian, Guang
name: Vignale, Giovanni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two-dimensional Dirac semimetals have attracted much attention because of their linear energy dispersion and non-trivial Berry phase. Graphene-like 2D Dirac materials are gapless only within certain approximations, e.g., if spin-orbit coupling (SOC) is neglected. It has recently been reported that materials with nonsymmorphic crystal lattice possess symmetry-enforced Dirac-like band dispersion around certain high-symmetry momenta even in the presence of SOC. Here we calculate the optical absorption coefficient of nonsymmorphic semimetals, such as $α$-bismuthene, which hosts two anisotropic Dirac cones with different Fermi velocities along $x$ and $y$ directions.We find that the optical absorption coefficient depends strongly on the anisotropy factor and the photon polarization. When a magnetic field is applied perpendicular to the plane of the material, the absorption coefficient also depends on an internal parameter we termed the mixing angle of the band structure. We further find that an in-plane magnetic field, while leaving the system gapless, can induce a Van-Hove singularity in the joint density of states: this causes a significant enhancement of the optical absorption at the frequency of the singularity for one direction of polarization but not for the orthogonal one, making the optical properties even more strongly dependent on polarization. Due to the anisotropy present in our model, the Dirac cones at two high-symmetry momenta in the Brillouin zone contribute very differently to the optical absorbance. Consequently, it might be possible to preferentially populate one valley or the other by varying photon polarization and frequency. These results suggest that nonsymmorphic 2D Dirac semimetals are excellent candidate materials for tunable magneto-optic devices.
description: 25 pages, 7 figures
Search for lepton-flavor-violation in $Z$-boson decays with $τ$-leptons with the ATLAS detector
Creators: name: ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A search for lepton-flavor-violating $Z\to eτ$ and $Z\toμτ$ decays with $pp$ collision data recorded by the ATLAS detector at the LHC is presented. This analysis uses 139 fb$^{-1}$ of Run 2 $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV and is combined with the results of a similar ATLAS search in the final state in which the $τ$-lepton decays hadronically, using the same data set as well as Run 1 data. The addition of leptonically decaying $τ$-leptons significantly improves the sensitivity reach for $Z\to\ellτ$ decays. The $Z\to\ellτ$ branching fractions are constrained in this analysis to $\mathcal{B}(Z\to eτ)<7.0\times10^{-6}$ and $\mathcal{B}(Z\to μτ)<7.2\times10^{-6}$ at 95% confidence level. The combination with the previously published analyses sets the strongest constraints to date: $\mathcal{B}(Z\to eτ)<5.0\times10^{-6}$ and $\mathcal{B}(Z\to μτ)<6.5\times10^{-6}$ at 95% confidence level.
description: 28 pages in total, author list starting page 13, 1 figure, 3 tables, submitted to PRL. All figures including auxiliary figures are available at https://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/EXOT-2020-28/
Quenched Dislocation Enhanced Supersolid Ordering
Creators: name: Toner, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I show using Landau theory that quenched dislocations can facilitate the supersolid (SS) to normal solid (NS) transition, making it possible for the transition to occur even if it does not in a dislocation-free crystal. I make detailed predictions for the dependence of the SS to NS transition temperature T_c(L), superfluid density %ρ_S(T, L), and specific heat C(T,L) on temperature T and dislocation spacing L, all of which can be tested against experiments. The results should also be applicable to an enormous variety of other systems, including, e.g., ferromagnets.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures
Catalan's intervals and realizers of triangulations
Creators: name: Bernardi, Olivier
name: Bonichon, Nicolas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The Stanley lattice, Tamari lattice and Kreweras lattice are three remarkable orders defined on the set of Catalan objects of a given size. These lattices are ordered by inclusion: the Stanley lattice is an extension of the Tamari lattice which is an extension of the Kreweras lattice. The Stanley order can be defined on the set of Dyck paths of size $n$ as the relation of \emph{being above}. Hence, intervals in the Stanley lattice are pairs of non-crossing Dyck paths. In a former article, the second author defined a bijection $Φ$ between pairs of non-crossing Dyck paths and the realizers of triangulations (or Schnyder woods). We give a simpler description of the bijection $Φ$. Then, we study the restriction of $Φ$ to Tamari's and Kreweras' intervals. We prove that $Φ$ induces a bijection between Tamari intervals and minimal realizers. This gives a bijection between Tamari intervals and triangulations. We also prove that $Φ$ induces a bijection between Kreweras intervals and the (unique) realizers of stack triangulations. Thus, $Φ$ induces a bijection between Kreweras intervals and stack triangulations which are known to be in bijection with ternary trees.
description: 22 pages
Data-driven 6D Pose Tracking by Calibrating Image Residuals in Synthetic Domains
Creators: name: Wen, Bowen
name: Mitash, Chaitanya
name: Bekris, Kostas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Tracking the 6D pose of objects in video sequences is important for robot manipulation. This work presents se(3)-TrackNet, a data-driven optimization approach for long term, 6D pose tracking. It aims to identify the optimal relative pose given the current RGB-D observation and a synthetic image conditioned on the previous best estimate and the object's model. The key contribution in this context is a novel neural network architecture, which appropriately disentangles the feature encoding to help reduce domain shift, and an effective 3D orientation representation via Lie Algebra. Consequently, even when the network is trained solely with synthetic data can work effectively over real images. Comprehensive experiments over multiple benchmarks show se(3)-TrackNet achieves consistently robust estimates and outperforms alternatives, even though they have been trained with real images. The approach runs in real time at 90.9Hz. Code, data and supplementary video for this project are available at https://github.com/wenbowen123/iros20-6d-pose-tracking
description: CVPR 2021 Workshop on 3D Vision and Robotics. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2007.13866
Modulator noise suppression in the LISA Time-Delay Interferometric combinations
Creators: name: Tinto, Massimo
name: Armstrong, John W.
name: Estabrook, Frank B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We previously showed how the measurements of some eighteen time series of relative frequency or phase shifts could be combined (1) to cancel the phase noise of the lasers, (2) to cancel the Doppler fluctuations due to non-inertial motions of the six optical benches, and (3) to remove the phase noise of the onboard reference oscillators required to track the photodetector fringes, all the while preserving signals from passinggravitational waves. Here we analyze the effect of the additional noise due to the optical modulators used for removing the phase fluctuations of the onboard reference oscillators. We use a recently measured noise spectrum of an individual modulator to quantify the contribution of modulator noise to the first and second-generation Time-Delay Interferometric (TDI) combinations as a function of the modulation frequency. We show that modulator noise can be made smaller than the expected proof-mass acceleration and optical-path noises if the modulation frequencies are larger than $\approx 682$ MHz in the case of the unequal-arm Michelson TDI combination $X_1$, $\approx 1.08$ GHz for the Sagnac TDI combination $α_1$, and $\approx 706$ MHz for the symmetrical Sagnac TDI combination $ζ_1$. These modulation frequencies are substantially smaller than previously estimated and may lead to less stringent requirements on the LISA's oscillator noise calibration subsystem.
description: 17 pages, 5 figures. Submitted to: Phys. Rev. D 15
Static Inference Meets Deep Learning: A Hybrid Type Inference Approach for Python
Creators: name: Peng, Yun
name: Gao, Cuiyun
name: Li, Zongjie
name: Gao, Bowei
name: Lo, David
name: Zhang, Qirun
name: Lyu, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Type inference for dynamic programming languages such as Python is an important yet challenging task. Static type inference techniques can precisely infer variables with enough static constraints but are unable to handle variables with dynamic features. Deep learning (DL) based approaches are feature-agnostic, but they cannot guarantee the correctness of the predicted types. Their performance significantly depends on the quality of the training data (i.e., DL models perform poorly on some common types that rarely appear in the training dataset). It is interesting to note that the static and DL-based approaches offer complementary benefits. Unfortunately, to our knowledge, precise type inference based on both static inference and neural predictions has not been exploited and remains an open challenge. In particular, it is hard to integrate DL models into the framework of rule-based static approaches. This paper fills the gap and proposes a hybrid type inference approach named HiTyper based on both static inference and deep learning. Specifically, our key insight is to record type dependencies among variables in each function and encode the dependency information in type dependency graphs (TDGs). Based on TDGs, we can easily integrate type inference rules in the nodes to conduct static inference and type rejection rules to inspect the correctness of neural predictions. HiTyper iteratively conducts static inference and DL-based prediction until the TDG is fully inferred. Experiments on two benchmark datasets show that HiTyper outperforms state-of-the-art DL models by exactly matching 10% more human annotations. HiTyper also achieves an increase of more than 30% on inferring rare types. Considering only the static part of HiTyper, it infers 2x ~ 3x more types than existing static type inference tools.
description: This paper has been accepted by 44th International Conference on Software Engineering (ICSE 2022)
Absorption spectroscopy of individual single-walled carbon nanotubes
Creators: name: Berciaud, Stéphane
name: Cognet, Laurent
name: Poulin, Philippe
name: Weisman, R. Bruce
name: Lounis, Brahim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Current methods for producing single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) lead to heterogeneous samples containing mixtures of metallic and semiconducting species with a variety of lengths and defects. Optical detection at the single nanotube level should thus offer the possibility to examine these heterogeneities provided that both SWNT species are equally well detected. Here, we used photothermal heterodyne detection to record absorption images and spectra of individual SWNTs. Because this photothermal method relies only on light absorption, it readily detects metallic nanotubes as well as the emissive semiconducting species. The first and second optical transitions in individual semicontucting nanotubes have been probed. Comparison between the emission and absorption spectra of the lowest-lying optical transition reveal mainly small Stokes shifts. Side bands in the near-infrared absorption spectra are observed and assigned to exciton-phonon bound states. No such sidebands are detected around the lowest transition of metallic nanotubes.
Crystal responses to general dark matter-electron interactions
Creators: name: Catena, Riccardo
name: Emken, Timon
name: Matas, Marek
name: Spaldin, Nicola A.
name: Urdshals, Einar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a formalism to describe the scattering of dark matter (DM) particles by electrons bound in crystals for a general form of the underlying DM-electron interaction. Such a description is relevant for direct-detection experiments of DM particles lighter than a nucleon, which might be observed in operating DM experiments via electron excitations in semiconductor crystal detectors. Our formalism is based on an effective theory approach to general non-relativistic DM-electron interactions, including the anapole, and magnetic and electric dipole couplings, combined with crystal response functions defined in terms of electron wave function overlap integrals. Our main finding is that, for the usual simplification of the velocity integral, the rate of DM-induced electronic transitions in a semiconductor material depends on at most five independent crystal response functions, four of which were not known previously. We identify these crystal responses, and evaluate them using density functional theory for crystalline silicon and germanium, which are used in operating DM direct detection experiments. Our calculations allow us to set 90% confidence level limits on the strength of DM-electron interactions from data reported by the SENSEI and EDELWEISS experiments. The novel crystal response functions discovered in this work encode properties of crystalline solids that do not interact with conventional experimental probes, suggesting the use of the DM wind as a probe to reveal new kinds of hidden order in materials.
description: 25 pages, 12 figures, typos corrected, clarifying comment added
MODS -- A USV-oriented object detection and obstacle segmentation benchmark
Creators: name: Bovcon, Borja
name: Muhovič, Jon
name: Vranac, Duško
name: Mozetič, Dean
name: Perš, Janez
name: Kristan, Matej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Small-sized unmanned surface vehicles (USV) are coastal water devices with a broad range of applications such as environmental control and surveillance. A crucial capability for autonomous operation is obstacle detection for timely reaction and collision avoidance, which has been recently explored in the context of camera-based visual scene interpretation. Owing to curated datasets, substantial advances in scene interpretation have been made in a related field of unmanned ground vehicles. However, the current maritime datasets do not adequately capture the complexity of real-world USV scenes and the evaluation protocols are not standardised, which makes cross-paper comparison of different methods difficult and hinders the progress. To address these issues, we introduce a new obstacle detection benchmark MODS, which considers two major perception tasks: maritime object detection and the more general maritime obstacle segmentation. We present a new diverse maritime evaluation dataset containing approximately 81k stereo images synchronized with an on-board IMU, with over 60k objects annotated. We propose a new obstacle segmentation performance evaluation protocol that reflects the detection accuracy in a way meaningful for practical USV navigation. Nineteen recent state-of-the-art object detection and obstacle segmentation methods are evaluated using the proposed protocol, creating a benchmark to facilitate development of the field. The proposed dataset, as well as evaluation routines, are made publicly available at vicos.si/resources.
description: 16 pages, 15 figures. The dataset, as well as the proposed evaluation protocols, are published on our website: https://www.vicos.si/resources/
title: Interviews entwickeln, durchführen und auswerten
Creators: name: Gehr, Gabriela
Publisher: name: hep
Year: 2024

description: Leitfadeninterviews zählen in den Sozialwissenschaften zudenqualitativen Methoden. Werden die Entwicklung, Durchführung und Auswertung von Leitfadeninterviews im Unterricht als Zugangsweise didaktisch angeleitet, dann arbeiten Schüler*innen im propädeutischen Sinn und üben verschiedene Denk-, Arbeits- und Handlungsweisen: Auf vielfältige und kognitiv herausfordernde Weise rekonstruieren sie subjektive Einstellungen, hier zur Frage nach dem Glücklichsein, indem sie Menschen befragen und die gesammelten Aussagen ordnen und auswerten.
Health according to the experiences of Iranian women with diabetes:A phenomenological study
Creators: name: Karimollahi, Mansoureh
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: Health Care

description: This study explores the meaning of health among Iranian women with diabetes using hermeneutic phenomenology
based on Van Manen’s approach. A total of 19 women with diabetes who were referred to the
Diabetes Center of Imam Khomeini hospital in Ardabil, Iran were recruited using a purposive sampling
method. Data were gathered through semi-structured interviews. Each interview was transcribed verbatim and
analyzed simultaneously. Data analysis led to the emergence of five main themes: a God-centered life, health
as a precious possession, health as wellbeing, independence, and acceptance. Patients often described coping
with their illnesses and pursuing lifestyle changes by applying their spiritual and religious beliefs.The findings
of this study can be used by healthcare teams to revise their opinions about patients with diabetes according
to the culture of their patients.
Quantum Fourier analysis for multivariate functions and applications to a class of Schrödinger-type partial differential equations
Creators: name: García-Molina, Paula
name: Rodríguez-Mediavilla, Javier
name: García-Ripoll, Juan José
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we develop a highly efficient representation of functions and differential operators based on Fourier analysis. Using this representation, we create a variational hybrid quantum algorithm to solve static, Schrödinger-type, Hamiltonian partial differential equations (PDEs), using space-efficient variational circuits, including the symmetries of the problem, and global and gradient-based optimizers. We use this algorithm to benchmark the performance of the representation techniques by means of the computation of the ground state in three PDEs, i.e., the one-dimensional quantum harmonic oscillator, and the transmon and flux qubits, studying how they would perform in ideal and near-term quantum computers. With the Fourier methods developed here, we obtain low infidelities of order $10^{-4}-10^{-5}$ using only three to four qubits, demonstrating the high compression of information in a quantum computer. Practical fidelities are limited by the noise and the errors of the evaluation of the cost function in real computers, but they can also be improved through error mitigation techniques.
Quantum statistical measurements of an atom laser beam
Creators: name: Olsen, M. K.
name: Bradley, A. S.
name: Haine, S. A.
name: Hope, J. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe a scheme, operating in a manner analogous to a reversed Raman output coupler, for measuring the phase-sensitive quadrature statistics of an atom laser beam. This scheme allows for the transferral of the atomic field statistics to an optical field, for which the quantum statistics may then be measured using the well-developed technology of optical homodyne measurement.
description: 4 pages, 2 fugures
RAQAMLI IQTISODIYOTDA LOGISTIKA SAMARADORLIGINI BOSHQARISHNING MEXANIZMLARI
Creators: name: Isamutdinova, Gavhar
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Ushbu tezisda raqamli iqtisodiyot taʼsirida logistika xizmatlari bozorini rivojlantirish va oʻzgartirishning asosiy yoʻnalishlari aniqlandi. Big Data texnologiyalari, blokcheyn, narsalar interneti, aqlli transport tizimlari, 3D bosib chiqarish va uchuvchisiz transport vositalari ko‘rib chiqiladi. Logistikani raqamlashtirish oqibatlari va uni amalga oshirish bilan bog‘liq xavflar aniqlangan.
Evidence for spin-polarized bound states in semiconductor-superconductor-ferromagnetic insulator islands
Creators: name: Vaitiekėnas, S.
name: Souto, R. Seoane
name: Liu, Y.
name: Krogstrup, P.
name: Flensberg, K.
name: Leijnse, M.
name: Marcus, C. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report Coulomb blockade transport studies of semiconducting InAs nanowires grown with epitaxial superconducting Al and ferromagnetic insulator EuS on overlapping facets. Comparing experiment to a theoretical model, we associate cotunneling features in even-odd bias spectra with spin-polarized Andreev levels. Results are consistent with zero-field spin splitting exceeding the induced superconducting gap. Energies of subgap states are tunable on either side of zero via electrostatic gates.
A peek outside our Universe
Creators: name: Gaztanaga, Enrique
name: Fosalba, Pablo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: According to general relativity (GR), a universe with a cosmological constant $Λ$, like ours, is trapped inside an event horizon, $r< \sqrt{3/Λ}$. What is outside? We show, using Israel (1967) junction conditions, that there could be a different universe outside. Our universe looks like a black hole for an outside observer. Outgoing radial null geodesics cannot escape our universe, but incoming photons can enter and leave an imprint on our CMB sky. We present a picture of such a fossil record from the analysis of CMB maps that agrees with the black hole universe predictions but challenges our understanding of the origin of the primordial universe.
description: 3 pages. Essay written for the Gravity Research Foundation 2021 Awards for Essays on Gravitation
Radiatively broken symmetries of nonhierarchical neutrinos
Creators: name: Dighe, Amol
name: Goswami, Srubabati
name: Roy, Probir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Symmetry-based ideas, such as the quark-lepton complementarity (QLC) principle and the tri-bimaximal mixing (TBM) scheme, have been proposed to explain the observed mixing pattern of neutrinos. We argue that such symmetry relations need to be imposed at a high scale $Λ\sim 10^{12}$ GeV characterizing the large masses of right-handed neutrinos required to implement the seesaw mechanism. For nonhierarchical neutrinos, renormalisation group evolution down to a laboratory energy scale $λ\sim 10^3$ GeV tends to radiatively break these symmetries at a significant level and spoil the mixing pattern predicted by them. However, for Majorana neutrinos, suitable constraints on the extra phases $α_{2,3}$ enable the retention of those high scale mixing patterns at laboratory energies. We examine this issue within the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM) and demonstrate the fact posited above for two versions of QLC and two versions of TBM. The appropriate constraints are worked out for all these four cases. Specifically, a preference for $α_2 \approx π$ (i.e. $m_1 \approx -m_2$) emerges in each case. We also show how a future accurate measurement of $θ_{13}$ may enable some discrimination among these four cases in spite of renormalization group evolution.
description: 29 pages, 4 figures, revtex4. Minor changes in the Introduction, references added. Final version to be published in Phys. Rev. D
Aspects of Density Fluctuations in Compressible MHD Turbulence
Creators: name: Kowal, Grzegorz
name: Lazarian, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study scaling relations of compressible isothermal strongly magnetized turbulence using numerical simulations with resolution 512$^3$. We find a good correspondence of our results with the Fleck (1996) model of compressible hydrodynamic turbulence. In particular, we find that the density-weighted velocity, i.e. $\boldsymbol{u} \equiv ρ^{1/3} \boldsymbol{v}$, proposed in Kritsuk et al. (2007) obeys the Kolmogorov scaling, i.e. ${\cal E}_{u}(k)\sim k^{-5/3}$ for the high Mach number turbulence. Similarly, we find that the exponents of the third order structure functions for $\boldsymbol{u}$ stay equal to unity for all Mach numbers studied. The scaling of higher order correlations obeys the She-Lévêque (1994) scalings corresponding to the two-dimensional dissipative structures, and this result does not change with the Mach number either. In contrast to velocity $\boldsymbol{v}$ which exhibits different scaling parallel and perpendicular to the local magnetic field, the scaling of $\boldsymbol{u}$ is similar in both directions. In addition, we find that the peaks of density create a hierarchy in which both physical and column densities decrease with the scale in accordance to the Fleck (1996) predictions. This hierarchy can be related ubiquitous small ionized and neutral structures (SINS) in the interstellar gas. We believe that studies of statistics of the column density peaks can provide both consistency check for the turbulence velocity studies and insight into supersonic turbulence, when the velocity information is not available.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures, Proceeings for 6th Annual International Astrophysics Conference, Honolulu, 2007
title: CARDIOVASCULAR CONSEQUENCES AFTER SPINAL CORD INJURY AND THE EFFECTS OF ELECTRICAL STIMULATION
Creators: name: Barton, T
Publisher: name: Liverpool John Moores University
Year: 2021

description: A spinal cord injury (SCI) is an extremely complex condition and is associated with numerous adverse health complications. One concern in particular is an increased prevalence and risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Cardiovascular disease, which encompasses pathologies of the heart and vascular tree, is one of the leading causes of morbidity and premature mortality in this population. Current clinical practice guidelines for CVD risk estimation in SCI use traditional cardiovascular risk factors and risk algorithms validated in able-bodied populations. However, despite the increased prevalence of CVD in people with SCI, research has demonstrated no difference in traditional cardiovascular risk factors when compared to the able-bodied population. The aim of Chapter 3 was to explore whether traditional models of CVD risk prediction are accurate in estimating CVD events in people with SCI. Firstly, this study used retrospective data from 200 individuals with a SCI to prospectively estimate their 5-year risk of developing CVD using the FRS. The difference in clinical outcomes of individuals with a below median FRS (1.36%) were compared to individuals with an above median FRS (>1.36%) using Kaplan-Meier curves and log-rank test. The end point was defined as either a CVD event or CVD mortality. Across the 5-year period, 39 (19.5%) participants developed a CVD event, 10 of which were fatalities. The log-rank test demonstrated that individuals with >median FRS vs.