cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
International multi-ethnic state-building through power-sharing arrangements: a comparative study of Kosovo and Macedonia
Creators: name: Brovina, Bleta
Publisher: name: Universit� degli studi di Trento
Year: 2021

description: After the Cold War, international state-building has taken place in several countries as a response to ethnic conflicts. The dissolution of Yugoslavia was also characterized with ethnic conflicts, which ended after international interventions. The inter-ethnic violence destabilized the nexus between eponymous states, nationalizing states, and the minorities living in the latter. The international actors - primarily the EU and the US - involved in state-building saw consociational power-sharing arrangements as a key feature in multi-ethnic state-building processes, notably in post-war Bosnia, Kosovo, and Macedonia. Using Smith?s quadratic nexus and Germane?s ?fifth element? as a theoretical framework, this thesis examines one segment of the nexus - the correlation of international relational field and national minorities relational field ? in a ?top down? approach. Two central questions are asked: how have international actors influenced power-sharing arrangements in reaction to separatism; and how has the interplay between different ethnic groups from the same ethnic minority living in the same state affected power-sharing arrangements? These questions are addressed by engaging in a comparative case analysis of two ethnically divided states, namely Kosovo and Macedonia, having adopted consociational power-sharing arrangements under the international influence. The work in this thesis examines the international influence on power-sharing arrangements in reaction to separatism through three processes: international mediations, implementation of power-sharing arrangements into the constitutions and the functionality of power-sharing systems in practice. The thesis revolves around these central arguments: the role of international actors in reaction to separatism and the degree of local ownership in the drafting and constitutionalisation of power-sharing arrangements is reflected in asymmetric power-sharing arrangements between the two compared cases and on the functionality of the power-sharing systems; and, relationship between different groups of minorities from the same ethnicity living in the same state - ?the sixth element? - has an impact on the functionality of power-sharing systems, giving rise to ?the sixth element? as a new relational field within the quadratic nexus, proposed in this thesis.
Spatiotemporal patterns, farm contacts and virus traits as determinants of SARS-CoV-2 transmission between mink farms, The Netherlands 2020
Creators: name: Gonzales Jose L
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: SARS-CoV-2, Minks, Transmission

description: This is a working manuscript where the analysis and results of the spatiotemporal transmission patterns of the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic in minks in the Netherlands are described.
Challenges to Curriculum Theory in the 21st Century: Thinking the School Beyond the Basics
Creators: name: Pereira, Talita Vidal
name: Costa, Hugo Heleno Camilo
Publisher: name: TCI (Transnational Curriculum Inquiry)
Year: 2016

description: In this article, we operate in a post-structuralist perspective to question the logic that have sustained the control expectations articulated in educational and global discourses associated the idea of education as a place of change and social transformation. We understand that this logic is based on a priori grounds that we seek to question from a deconstructive attitude. We argue that the centrality assigned to knowledge is one of those grounds. A view of Knowledge that the educational discourses tend to attribute a dimension of positivity, of universality articulated to traits of realism and essentialism. From a discursive perspective, we argue that attempts to control, including those that support curriculum concepts as identity conditioning, are unproductive if we aim to a democratic project of Education. A project that we understand as a result of incessant process of negotiation that incorporates the differences that are expressed in particular demands.
description: TCI (Transnational Curriculum Inquiry), Vol. 12 No. 2 (2015): Ottawa Curriculum Conference
Multi-gain interferometric laser for intra-cavity beam combining
Creators: name: Piccione, Sara
Publisher: name: Universit� degli studi di Trento
Year: 2020

description: The laser, whose name stands for Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation, in less than a century has became a fundamental tool in several applications and technological processes, such as metrology, telecommunications, medicine and industry, because of their peculiar properties. More in details, they are spatially and temporally coherent, they exhibit a low divergence and can offer high power density and monochromaticity. The work of this thesis can be placed within the framework of laser assisted industrial processes. Material processing exploits the interaction between a high power laser beam and the matter. The interaction happens in the surface of the material where the extreme heat transferred by the laser source can cause a local phase change, without affecting in a significant way the bulk properties of the treated medium. Typically high brightness laser sources are used. The most used solution is represented by fiber lasers. In the last years the research moved towards the semiconductor laser sources because of the numerous advantages that they o?er with respects to the other types of sources, like a higher conversion efficiency, a smaller size and the possibility of a mass production. Nevertheless, the maximum output power that can be extracted from a single diode laser is relatively small. The adopted strategies for power scaling rely on beam combining. Here we propose a novel architecture for the implementation of passive coherent beam combining, into a single resonant cavity. The main block of the scheme is an Interferometric Semiconductor Amplifier (ISA). In an ISA, the optical amplifier is placed in one arm of a Mach-Zehnder Interferometer. A sequence of ISA, placed into a common resonant cavity, is used for the power scaling. The theoretical model is presented, and the experimental results are discussed.
Detectability of labeled weighted automata over monoids
Creators: name: Zhang, Kuize
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 510 Mathematik
subject: labeled weighted automaton
subject: monoid
subject: semiring
subject: labeled timed automaton
subject: detector

description: In this paper, by developing appropriate methods, we for the first time obtain characterization of four fundamental notions of detectability for general labeled weighted automata over monoids (denoted by AM for short), where the four notions are strong (periodic) detectability (SD and SPD) and weak (periodic) detectability (WD and WPD). The contributions of the current paper are as follows. Firstly, we formulate the notions of concurrent composition, observer, and detector for AM. Secondly, we use the concurrent composition to give a necessary and sufficient condition for SD, use the detector to give a necessary and sufficient condition for SPD, and use the observer to give necessary and sufficient conditions for WD and WPD, all for general AM without any assumption. Thirdly, we prove that for a labeled weighted automaton over monoid (Qk,+) (denoted by AQk), its concurrent composition, observer, and detector can be computed in NP, 2-EXPTIME, and 2-EXPTIME, respectively, by developing novel connections between AQk and the NP-complete exact path length problem (proven by [Nykänen and Ukkonen, 2002]) and a subclass of Presburger arithmetic. As a result, we prove that for AQk, SD can be verified in coNP, while SPD, WD, and WPD can be verified in 2-EXPTIME. Particularly, for AQk in which from every state, a distinct state can be reached through some unobservable, instantaneous path, detector AQkdet can be computed in NP, and SPD can be verified in coNP. Finally, we prove that the problems of verifying SD and SPD of deterministic, deadlock-free, and divergence-free AN over monoid (N,+) are both coNP-hard. The original methods developed in this paper will provide foundations for characterizing other fundamental properties (e.g., diagnosability and opacity) in labeled weighted automata over monoids. In addition, in order to differentiate labeled weighted automata over monoids from labeled timed automata, we also initially explore detectability in labeled timed automata, and prove that the SD verification problem is PSPACE-complete, while WD and WPD are undecidable.
Fine-Tuning of Magnetic Interactions in Organic Spin Ladders
Creators: name: Yamaguchi, Hironori
name: Miyagai, Hirotsugu
name: Shimokawa, Tokuro
name: Iwase, Kenji
name: Ono, Toshio
name: Kono, Yohei
name: Kase, Naoki
name: Araki, Koji
name: Kittaka, Shunichiro
name: Sakakibara, Toshiro
name: Kawakami, Takashi
name: Okunishi, Kouichi
name: Hosokoshi, Yuko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have succeeded in synthesizing two types of new organic radical crystals 3-I-V [= 3- (3-iodophenyl)-1,5-diphenylverdazyl] and 3-Br-4-F-V [= 3-(3-bromo-4-fluorophenyl)-1,5- diphenylverdazyl]. Their crystal strucutures are found to be isomorphous to that of previously reported spin ladder 3-Cl-4-F-V. Through the quantitative analysis of their molecular arrangements and magnetic properties, we confirm that these materials form ferromagnetic chain-based spin ladders with slightly modulated magnetic interactions. These results present the first quantitative demonstration of the fine-tuning of magnetic interactions in the molecular- based materials.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures, to appear in J. Phys. Soc. Jpn
title: Turning 80 years of global research on heat flow into a sustainable research data infrastructure
Creators: name: Fuchs , Sven
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2021

description: Measured data of the Earth’s surface heat flow are rare observables for heat transport processes in the Earth interior. Precise knowledge of heat flow is thus fundamental (i) to describe the Earth’s thermal field, (ii) to decipher plate-tectonic and geodynamic processes and (iii) to understand natural or artificial utilized geological thermal systems – across all spatial scales and timely domains. Heat flow data are documented in more than 1,400 publications and are collected by the International Heat Flow Commission (IHFC) of the IASPEI/IUGG for almost 60 years now. The quality of the data compilation is heterogeneous and reflects the long history of technical and methodological developments during that period. The associated databases on national and international level are in general of undocumented quality and poor usability. Here, we present a community driven-approach to develop a new, sustainable heat-flow research data infrastructure with quality proofed, up-to-date, well-documented, extended, enriched and restructured heat-flow data for the geoscientific community. The new database will reflect criteria of FAIR and OPEN data policy, will support the interoperability with other geoscientific data services, and will interconnect to persistent identifiers. To fill the new database with curated quality-proven heat-flow data, the available reconnaissance data are currently reviewed by global heat-flow experts in a unique international collaborative revision approach supported by the IHFC and lead by a Task Force of the International Lithosphere Program (ILP).
Quantifying potential contributions of green facades to environmental justice: a case study of a quarter in Berlin
Creators: name: Felgentreff, Esther S.
name: Cochius, David
name: Nehls, Thomas
name: Quandt, Jan-Hinrich W.
name: Roesch, Emil J.
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 577 Ökologie
subject: environmental justice
subject: green facades
subject: noise pollution
subject: air pollution
subject: urban greenspace

description: The potential of green facades (GFs) to enhance environmental justice (EJ) has not been quantified so far. EJ in Berlin, Germany is assessed by the core indicators (1) noise pollution, (2) air pollution, (3) bioclimatic stress, (4) provision of green space and (5) social status. Most of the inner city is rated “poorly” in one or multiple indicators. Based on literature and spatial data, status quo and target values are determined for indicators (1)-(4) for an exemplary, highly burdened quarter in Berlin. It is assessed if and how much GFs could potentially improve current EJ levels. The improvements due to GFs to reach target values are assessed in % for day/night and indoor/outdoor settings. It can be shown that installing GFs would improve statuses of the four indicators to different extents, with the biggest enhancement found regarding indicator (3) for indoors at daytime: 52%. Determining factors for the EJ improvement potential of GFs need to be further assessed. This feasible method for increasing the amount of urban green can be helpful for improving life in highly burdened quarters. Therefore, from the point of view of EJ, large-scale implementation of GFs in urban areas is recommended.
Cosmopolitanism: a Journey of Suffering and Forgiveness
Creators: name: Thomas, Samira
Publisher: name: TCI (Transnational Curriculum Inquiry)
Year: 2015

description: In this paper, cosmopolitanism is examined and then approached with a Sufi ontology and epistemology, particularly drawing on the history of thought at the time of Al-Andalus. Using the concepts of hilm and ilm as a dyad of thought and action, cosmopolitanism is reimagined to become cosmopassion and cosmocharis, the dual reality of universal suffering and a call for universal grace and forgiveness. Through an autobiographical exploration of the enactment of cosmopolitanism as a lived curriculum, the complexities of this reimagining are brought to bear on the current moment we inhabit in history.
description: TCI (Transnational Curriculum Inquiry), Vol. 12 No. 1 (2015): Elusive Curriculum
Excited states in lattice QCD with the stochastic LapH method
Creators: name: Bulava, John
name: Fahy, Brendan
name: Foley, Justin
name: Jhang, You-Cyuan
name: Juge, Keisuke J.
name: Lenkner, David
name: Morningstar, Colin
name: Wong, Chik Him
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Progress in computing the spectrum of excited baryons and mesons in lattice QCD is described. Results in the zero-momentum bosonic I=1/2, S=1, T1u symmetry sector of QCD using a correlation matrix of 58 operators are presented. All needed Wick contractions are efficiently evaluated using a stochastic method of treating the low-lying modes of quark propagation that exploits Laplacian Heaviside quark-field smearing. Level identification using probe operators is discussed.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, talk presented at the 13th International Conference on Meson-Nucleon Physics and the Structure of the Nucleon (MENU 2013), Sept 30 - Oct 4, 2013, Rome, Italy
Constraining the Anisotropy of the Universe from Supernovae and Gamma-ray Bursts
Creators: name: Chang, Zhe
name: Li, Xin
name: Lin, Hai-Nan
name: Wang, Sai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, an anisotropic cosmological model was proposed. An arbitrary 1-form, which picks out a privileged axis in the universe, was added to the Friedmann-Robertson-Walker line element. The distance-redshift relation was modified such that it is direction dependent. In this paper, we use the Union2 dataset and 59 high-redshift gamma-ray bursts to give constraints on the anisotropy of the universe. The results show that the magnitude of anisotropy is about $D=-0.044\pm0.018$, and the privileged axis points towards the direction $(l_0,b_0)=(306.1^{\circ}\pm 18.7^{\circ},-18.2^{\circ}\pm 11.2^{\circ})$ in the galactic coordinate system. The anisotropy is small and the isotropic cosmological model is an excellent approximation.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures
Inhibition of Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) replication
Creators: name: 杨巍(WeiYang)
Publisher: name: CNGB
Year: 2023
Subjects: Transcriptome or Gene expression
Multiisolate
Medical

description: Inhibition of Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) replication and antigens expression by Brucea javanica (L.) Merr. oil emulsion
title: The geological heritage as a tool for education and action for the climate change: Understanding the consequences by studying the Petrified Forest of Lesvos
Creators: name: Bentana , Konstantina
name: Zouros , Nikolaos
name: Valiakos , Ilias
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2021

description: The geological heritage provides a particularly effective pedagogical tool to engage school students with climate change through on site exploration in UNESCO Global Geoparks. Geological data provides invaluable opportunities to create authentic experiences for school children to understand the consequences of climate change. The Petrified Forest in Lesvos Island UNESCO Global Geopark shows abundant evidences for past climate change as it reveals information about the composition of the palaeoflora (an important indicator of the past climatic and environmental conditions and their changes) the last 20 million years. At the same time the Lesvos Petrified Forest is an area where the petrified flora coexists with today’s flora. This characteristic provides unique opportunities for school children to explore the consequences of climate changes. In this paper is presented the educational program “Climate change: Learning about the consequences by studying the Petrified Forest of Lesvos” and the educational materials that have been designed to educate school students on climate change issues. Through a variety of educational activities, pupils are encouraged to explore the consequences of climate change, to think critically, formulate arguments, evaluate solutions and choices, and take action. Geological data, palaeoflora and today flora and their diversity are used as the main pedagogical tools during the educational programme.
Alone with Company: Studying Individual and Social Players' In-game Behaviors in Adaptive Gamification
Creators: name: Loria, Enrica
Publisher: name: Universit� degli studi di Trento
Year: 2021

description: Humans procrastinate and avoid performing activities that they deem dull, repetitive, and out of their comfort zone. Gamification was conceived to reverse the situation by turning those activities into fun and entertaining actions exploiting game-like elements. In practice, however, many challenges arise. Gameful environments cannot satisfy every player's preference and motivational need with a one-fits-all strategy. However, meeting players' motivational affordances can provide intrinsic rewards rather than extrinsic (e.g., points and badges). Producing intrinsic rewards is desirable as they are more likely to foster long-term retention than the extrinsic counterpart. Therefore, gamified systems should be designed to learn and understand players' preferences and motivational drivers to generate specific adaptation strategies for each player. Those adaptation strategies govern the procedural generation of personalized game elements - examples are task difficulty, social-play versus solo-play, or aesthetic tools. However, an appropriate personalization requires intelligent and effective player profiling mechanisms. Player profiles can be retrieved through the analysis of telemetry data, and thus in-game behaviors. In this project, we studied players' individual and social behaviors to understand their personalities and identities within the game. Specifically, we analyzed data from an open-world, persuasive, gamified system: Play&Go. Play&Go implements game-like mechanics to instill more ecological transportation habits among its users. The gamified app offers various ways for players to interact with the game and among one another. Despite Play&Go being one of the few examples of gamification implementing more diverse game mechanics than solely points and leaderboards, it still does not reach the complexity of AAA entertainment games. Thus, it limits the applicability of an in-depth analysis of players' behaviors, constrained by the type of available features. Yet, we argue that gameful systems still provide enough information to allow content adaptation. In this work, we study players' in-game activity from different perspectives to explore gamification's potential. Towards this, we analyzed telemetry data to (1) learn from players' activity, (2) extract their profiles, and (3) understand social dynamics in force within the game. Our results show how players' experience in gamified systems is closer to games than expected, especially in social environments. Hence, telemetry data is a precious source of knowledge also in gamification and can help retain information on players' churn, preferences, and social influence. Finally, we propose a modular theoretical framework for adaptive gamification to generate personalized content designed to learn players' preferences iteratively.
The Galactic center X-ray transients AX J1745.6-2901 and GRS 1741-2853
Creators: name: Degenaar, N.
name: Wijnands, R.
name: Reynolds, M. T.
name: Miller, J. M.
name: Kennea, J.
name: Gehrels, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: AX J1745.6-2901 and GRS 1741-2853 are two transient neutron star low-mass X-ray binaries that are located within ~10' from the Galactic center. Multi-year monitoring observations with the Swift/XRT has exposed several accretion outbursts from these objects. We report on their updated X-ray light curves and renewed activity that occurred in 2010-2013.
description: 2 pages, 1 figure, 1 table. To appear in conference proceedings of IAU symposium 303 "The Galactic Center: Feeding and Feedback in a Normal Galactic Nucleus"
Development of novel eco-friendly friction materials for disc brake systems
Creators: name: Leonardi, Mara
Publisher: name: Universit� degli studi di Trento
Year: 2020

description: Due to new environmental regulations, the demand for brake systems producing low polluting emissions and keeping high performance, is increasing. Therefore, a reduction in the toxic substances contained in brake friction materials is required that still meets all applicable safety standards and retaining properties such as low wear, high temperatures resistance, friction coefficient stability and consistency. Among the various ingredients used in formulations, copper has recently become the subject of different regulations on brake pad materials and will be reduced, or even prohibited, in the coming years. Recent studies have found that brake pads are major contributors to the deposit of copper in rivers and lakes, and this has a toxic impact on the environment. This metal is currently added in brake material formulations because of its good physical properties and its contribution to the formation of a uniform and stable friction layer. Its characteristics make it a constituent that is not easy to replace and an adequate substitute covering all the roles of copper has not been found as yet. The present research aims at developing, producing and testing new formulations for brake pads without copper. A relatively wide range of friction materials was investigated, in order to understand the role that selected constituents have in friction and wear behaviour. In the first place, an investigation on the role of copper in friction materials was performed. The study was followed by the selection of a suitable replacement for this constituent in the formulation. To do so, different friction components were studied. Additionally, other aspects relating to friction materials, such as the deterioration of the binder, were subject of investigation. The novel formulations, produced starting from commercially available compositions, were ranked in terms of wear and friction behaviour by means of a pin-on-disc tribometer. Cylindrical specimens were produced directly from powders, so that constituents could be easily modified based on the test outcome. This is a very effective method to study the role of individual constituents in the mixture, considering the relatively small amount of each specific composition to be prepared and the ease of processing it. In order to identify the principal wear mechanisms and their dependence on material properties and test conditions, the worn materials were analysed via scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques and Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDXS). Part of the acquired knowledge from the first part of the work was used in the initial stages of the ECOPADS project (the project started during the doctoral period) to develop and manufacture real brake pads that were tested on brake dynamometers and evaluated in terms of both performance and emissions.
Freire and the US Reconceptualization: Remembering Curriculum as International Conversation
Creators: name: Johnson Mardones, Daniel F
Publisher: name: TCI (Transnational Curriculum Inquiry)
Year: 2015

description: This paper draws on the internationalization of Curriculum Studies as an underway process since the very beginning of the reconceptualization of the field in the United States. In that context, the work focused on the inspiring influence of Paulo Freire found in the seminal writings and main scholars who conducted that process. Freire’s concept such as conscientizacao, humanizing education, liberating education are important concepts in which these scholars elaborate to talk back to the mainstream of the field conceived exclusively as curriculum development. Freire’s work was also a taking back to that rationale that had arrived in Latin America in the 1960’s as a new educational technology. Freire’s Pedagogy of the Oppressed appeared strongly influencing the US reconceptualization of the field. The reconceptualized field of curriculum was also international from the start.
description: TCI (Transnational Curriculum Inquiry), Vol. 12 No. 1 (2015): Elusive Curriculum
Model of hydrogen atom for twisted acceleration-enlarged Newton-Hooke space-times
Creators: name: Daszkiewicz, Marcin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We define the model of hydrogen atom for twist-deformed acceleration-enlarged Newton-Hooke space-time. Further, using time-dependent perturbation theory, we find in first step of iteration procedure the solution of corresponding Schroedinger equation as well as the probability of transition between two different energy-eigenstates.
description: 12 pages, no figures. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1108.1904, arXiv:1101.1716
Design and Implementation of Hierarchical Visual cryptography with Expansion less Shares
Creators: name: Chavan, Pallavi Vijay
name: Atique, Dr. Mohammad
name: Malik, Dr. Latesh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Novel idea of hierarchical visual cryptography is stated in this paper. The key concept of hierarchical visual cryptography is based upon visual cryptography. Visual cryptography encrypts secret information into two pieces called as shares. These two shares are stacked together by logical XOR operation to reveal the original secret. Hierarchical visual cryptography encrypts the secret in various levels. The encryption in turn is expansionless. The original secret size is retained in the shares at all levels. In this paper secret is encrypted at two different levels. Four shares are generated out of hierarchical visual cryptography. Any three shares are collectively taken to form the key share. All shares generated are meaningless giving no information by visual inspection. Performance analysis is also obtained based upon various categories of secrets. The greying effect is completely removed while revealing the secret Removal of greying effect do not change the meaning of secret.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures, International journal of Network security and its applications
Teacher Education in Canada and Denmark in an Era of 'Neutrality'
Creators: name: Hansen, Dion Rüsselbæk
name: Phelan, Anne
name: Qvortrup, Ane
Publisher: name: TCI (Transnational Curriculum Inquiry)
Year: 2015

description: This paper analyzes how teacher education programs in the context of Canada and Denmark are based on two discourses - idealism and realism. Where the discourse of idealism is attached to the social democratic welfare state project, the discourse of realism is attached to the neo-liberal competition state project. Both discourses produce a consensus democracy that serves to neutralize conflict between ideological views such that events and their impact appear as ‘historical necessity’ and ‘natural’ rather than the result of dominant regimes of truth. Educationally speaking, an ethos of consensus restricts imagination about alternatives. Informed by Laclau and Mouffe’s thoughts about antagonism, we argue for dissensus as a crucial characteristic of democracy, and agonistic thought as central to teaching and teacher education.
description: TCI (Transnational Curriculum Inquiry), Vol. 12 No. 1 (2015): Elusive Curriculum
Ethnographies of Schooling in Contemporary India by Meenakshi Thapan (editor)
Creators: name: Cossa, José
Publisher: name: TCI (Transnational Curriculum Inquiry)
Year: 2015

description: Review of the book “Ethnographies of Schooling in Contemporary India”, edited by Meenakshi Thapan.
description: TCI (Transnational Curriculum Inquiry), Vol. 12 No. 1 (2015): Elusive Curriculum
What Are Course Syllabi Telling Students? Critical Discourse Analysis of Classroom Power Relationships
Creators: name: Liao, Hui-Chuan
Publisher: name: TCI (Transnational Curriculum Inquiry)
Year: 2015

description: College EFL language learners are often encouraged by faculty members to deconstruct authority and become active decision makers and participants in the learning process. To determine whether EFL language learners are participants in the learning process or simply subjects of teaching programs, this study critically examined how language functions in syllabi and how teachers, and thus, teacher-student relationships, are textually represented in higher education. The research involved analyzing the syllabi of 5 core listening and speaking courses in an English degree program at a Taiwanese university. A critical discourse analysis of semiotic structures, word choice and lexical connotations, significant absences, and the force of utterances was conducted. The results indicated that an unequal teacher-student power relationship was textually represented in the discourse of the syllabi. In the past two decades, most studies on classroom discourse in L1 and L2 settings have focused on in-class discourse processes, particularly instructional discourse and teacher-student interaction during class time. Power relationships evident in course materials have yet to be explored. The current study addressed this gap in the literature, examining the teacher-student power relationship by conducting a critical discourse analysis of course syllabi.
description: TCI (Transnational Curriculum Inquiry), Vol. 12 No. 1 (2015): Elusive Curriculum
Cosmological Attractor Models and Higher Curvature Supergravity
Creators: name: Cecotti, Sergio
name: Kallosh, Renata
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study cosmological $α$-attractors in superconformal/supergravity models, where $α$ is related to the geometry of the moduli space. For $α=1$ attractors \cite{Kallosh:2013hoa} we present a generalization of the previously known manifestly superconformal higher curvature supergravity model \cite{Cecotti:1987sa}. The relevant standard 2-derivative supergravity with a minimum of two chiral multiplets is shown to be dual to a 4-derivative higher curvature supergravity, where in general one of the chiral superfields is traded for a curvature superfield. There is a degenerate case when both matter superfields become non-dynamical and there is only a chiral curvature superfield, pure higher derivative supergravity. Generic $α$-models \cite{Kallosh:2013yoa} interpolate between the attractor point at $α=0$ and generic chaotic inflation models at large $α$, in the limit when the inflaton moduli space becomes flat. They have higher derivative duals with the same number of matter fields as the original theory or less, but at least one matter multiplet remains. In the context of these models, the detection of primordial gravity waves will provide information on the curvature of the inflaton submanifold of the Kahler manifold, and we will learn if the inflaton is a fundamental matter multiplet, or can be replaced by a higher derivative curvature excitation.
description: 18 pages, no figures
A Reverse Hierarchy Model for Predicting Eye Fixations
Creators: name: Shi, Tianlin
name: Ming, Liang
name: Hu, Xiaolin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A number of psychological and physiological evidences suggest that early visual attention works in a coarse-to-fine way, which lays a basis for the reverse hierarchy theory (RHT). This theory states that attention propagates from the top level of the visual hierarchy that processes gist and abstract information of input, to the bottom level that processes local details. Inspired by the theory, we develop a computational model for saliency detection in images. First, the original image is downsampled to different scales to constitute a pyramid. Then, saliency on each layer is obtained by image super-resolution reconstruction from the layer above, which is defined as unpredictability from this coarse-to-fine reconstruction. Finally, saliency on each layer of the pyramid is fused into stochastic fixations through a probabilistic model, where attention initiates from the top layer and propagates downward through the pyramid. Extensive experiments on two standard eye-tracking datasets show that the proposed method can achieve competitive results with state-of-the-art models.
description: CVPR 2014, 27th IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR). CVPR 2014
Blue Straggler Star Populations in Globular Clusters: I. Dynamical Properties of Blue Straggler Stars in NGC 3201, NGC 6218 and $ω$ Centauri
Creators: name: Simunovic, Mirko
name: Puzia, Thomas H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first dynamical study of Blue Straggler Stars (BSSs) in three Galactic globular clusters, NGC\,3201, NGC\,5139 ($ω$Cen), and NGC\,6218, based on medium-resolution spectroscopy (R 10000) obtained with IMACS. Our BSS candidate selection technique uses HST/ACS and ESO/WFI photometric data out to $>\!4.5\,r_c$. We use radial velocity measurements to discard non-members and achieve a success rate of $\sim93\%$, which yields a sample of 116 confirmed BSSs. Using the penalized pixel fitting method (pPXF) we measure the $v\sin(i)$ values of the sample BSSs and find their distribution functions peaked at slow velocities with a long tail towards fast velocities in each globular cluster. We find that the BSSs in NGC\,3201 and NGC\,6218 which show $v\sin(i)\!>\!50$ km s$^{-1}$ are all found in the central cluster regions, inside a projected $2\,r_c$, of their parent clusters. We find a similar result in $ω$Cen for BSSs with $v\sin(i)\!>\!70$ km s$^{-1}$ which are all, except for two, concentrated inside $2\,r_c$. In all globular clusters we find rapidly rotating BSSs that have relatively high differential radial velocities which likely put them on hyperbolic orbits, suggestive of strong dynamical interactions in the past. We estimate that all the observed rapidly rotating BSSs are likely to form in their central cluster regions no longer than $\sim\!300$ Myr ago. Using dereddened $V\!-\!I$ colors of our photometric selection we show that blue BSSs in $ω$Cen with $(V-I)_0$<0.25 mag show a significantly increased $v\sin(i)$ dispersion compared with their red counterparts and all other BSSs in our sample, therefore strongly implying that fast rotating BSSs in $ω$Cen are preferentially bluer, i.e. more massive. This may indicate that this particular blue BSS population was formed in an unique formation event and/or through an unique mechanism.
description: 16 pages, 12 figures, accepted in ApJ
Self-propagating high-temperature synthesis of boron phosphide
Creators: name: Mukhanov, Vladimir A.
name: Sokolov, Petr S.
name: Godec, Yann Le
name: Solozhenko, Vladimir L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new method of producing boron phosphide (BP) submicron powders by self-propagating high-temperature reaction between boron phosphate and magnesium in the presence of an inert diluent (sodium chloride) has been proposed. Bulk polycrystalline BP with microhardness of HV = 28(2) GPa has been prepared by sintering the above powders at 7.7 GPa and 2600 K.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Why a Deterritorialized Curriculum?
Creators: name: Sussekind, Maria Luiza
Publisher: name: TCI (Transnational Curriculum Inquiry)
Year: 2015

description: This short essay offers a critical overview of João M. Paraskeva’s book Conflicts in Curriculum Theory: Challenging Hegemonic Epistemologies inviting TCI followers to a new reading of his theories under a different approach of the postcolonial dialogues, focusing on its contemporaneity, complexity and the uses of the idea of epistemicide to give texture to the dialogues about internationalization in the field of curriculum. Argues that the book is based on a materialistic critique of all aspects of American democracy; it revives Paulo Freire's legacy; and it renews the internationalization debate, pulling together all strings of critical thinking, magisterially crowned with the use of Boaventura de Sousa Santos's idea of "epistemicide". Finally, underlies that Paraskeva’s political discourse has commonalities with the thinking of Noam Chomsky and Slavoj Žižek, two of the most crucial guides for the understanding of complexity and fragmentation of the world today and the deterritorialization in the field of curriculum.
description: TCI (Transnational Curriculum Inquiry), Vol. 11 No. 2 (2014)
Ferromagnetic barrier induced negative differential conductance on the surface of a topological insulator
Creators: name: An, Xing-Tao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically investigate the effect of the negative differential conductance of a ferromagnetic barrier on the surface of a topological insulator. Due to the changes of the shape and position of the Fermi surfaces in the ferromagnetic barrier, the transport processes can be divided into three kinds: the total, partial and blockade transmission mechanisms. The bias voltage can give rise to the transition of the transport processes from partial to blockade transmission mechanisms, which results in a giant effect of negative differential conductance. With appropriate structural parameters, the current-voltage characteristics show that the minimum value of the current can reach to zero in a wide range of the bias voltage, and a large peak-to-valley current ratio can be obtained.
description: 4 figures
Enhancing robustness of multiparty quantum correlations using weak measurement
Creators: name: Singh, Uttam
name: Mishra, Utkarsh
name: Dhar, Himadri Shekhar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Multipartite quantum correlations are important resources for the development of quantum information and computation protocols. However, the resourcefulness of multipartite quantum correlations in practical settings is limited by its fragility under decoherence due to environmental interactions. Though there exist protocols to protect bipartite entanglement under decoherence, the implementation of such protocols for multipartite quantum correlations has not been sufficiently explored. Here, we study the effect of local amplitude damping channel on the generalized Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger state, and use a protocol of optimal reversal quantum weak measurement to protect the multipartite quantum correlations. We observe that the weak measurement reversal protocol enhances the robustness of multipartite quantum correlations. Further it increases the critical damping value that corresponds to entanglement sudden death. To emphasize the efficacy of the technique in protection of multipartite quantum correlation, we investigate two proximately related quantum communication tasks, namely, quantum teleportation in a one sender, many receivers setting and multiparty quantum information splitting, through a local amplitude damping channel. We observe an increase in the average fidelity of both the quantum communication tasks under the weak measurement reversal protocol. The method may prove beneficial, for combating external interactions, in other quantum information tasks using multipartite resources.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures
Students as Citizens: Conceptions of Citizenship in a Social Studies Curriculum
Creators: name: Bergen, Jennifer K.
name: McLean, Lorna R.
Publisher: name: TCI (Transnational Curriculum Inquiry)
Year: 2015

description: This article investigates representations of citizenship in a provincial, Social Studies Grade 9 curriculum in Canada to better understand how the document conceptualizes global education and differing worldviews, and to determine how these conceptions are supported by two Ministry of Education resource documents that compliment Social Studies 9: the Broad Areas of Learning and Cross-curricular Competencies. All three documents were analyzed using a citizenship conception model and a global citizenship framework. Our analysis of the curriculum and supporting documents that draws upon a four-stage dialectical-relational model of critical discourse analysis revealed that the majority of curricular indicators espoused a deliberative or social justice conception of citizenship. Although a similar finding was supported by the types of citizenship taken up in the two Ministry resource documents, our study revealed that that the resource documents profiled a more participatory form of citizenship than in the curriculum.
description: TCI (Transnational Curriculum Inquiry), Vol. 11 No. 2 (2014)
Decoding in Hyperbolic Spaces: LDPC Codes With Linear Rate and Efficient Error Correction
Creators: name: Hastings, M. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the four dimensional toric code in a hyperbolic space and show that it has a classical error correction procedure which runs in almost linear time and can be parallelized to almost constant time, giving an example of a quantum LDPC code with linear rate and efficient error correction.
description: 9 pages, no figures
Mutual Information Rate-Based Networks in Financial Markets
Creators: name: Fiedor, Paweł
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Finance (q-fin.ST)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.1.3; G.2.2; E.4
subject: 05C05, 05C10, 05C12, 28D20, 91G70

description: In the last years efforts in econophysics have been shifted to study how network theory can facilitate understanding of complex financial markets. Main part of these efforts is the study of correlation-based hierarchical networks. This is somewhat surprising as the underlying assumptions of research looking at financial markets is that they behave chaotically. In fact it's common for econophysicists to estimate maximal Lyapunov exponent for log returns of a given financial asset to confirm that prices behave chaotically. Chaotic behaviour is only displayed by dynamical systems which are either non-linear or infinite-dimensional. Therefore it seems that non-linearity is an important part of financial markets, which is proved by numerous studies confirming financial markets display significant non-linear behaviour, yet network theory is used to study them using almost exclusively correlations and partial correlations, which are inherently dealing with linear dependencies only. In this paper we introduce a way to incorporate non-linear dynamics and dependencies into hierarchical networks to study financial markets using mutual information and its dynamical extension: the mutual information rate. We estimate it using multidimensional Lempel-Ziv complexity and then convert it into an Euclidean metric in order to find appropriate topological structure of networks modelling financial markets. We show that this approach leads to different results than correlation-based approach used in most studies, on the basis of 15 biggest companies listed on Warsaw Stock Exchange in the period of 2009-2012 and 91 companies listed on NYSE100 between 2003 and 2013, using minimal spanning trees and planar maximally filtered graphs.
description: 12 pages, 12 figures, 2 tables, submitted to PRE
Analysis of perturbative effects of a momentum flux probe in a plasma plume
Creators: name:  SEVERIN ASTRUC
name:   PAUL-QUENTIN ELIAS
Publisher: name: Proceedings of the Aerospace Europe Conference - EUCASS - CEAS - 2023
Year: 2023
Subjects: ELECTRIC PROPULSION
PROBE
THRUST
PLASMA
SIMULATION

description: One way to measure the thrust of an electric thruster is to use a probe measuring the momentum flux in the plasma plume. One can ask how the probe alters the plasma properties and if the momentum flux measurement remains accurate. In this study, we address this issue by considering a cold gas source. Experimental momentum flux measurement are compared to a Direct Simulation Monte-Carlo of the experiment. We show that the momentum flux measurements depend on the nature of the interaction between the particles and the probe surface. Additionally, the design of the housing protecting the sensor can increase particles\' backflow and alter the measure. Therefore, to have an accurate momentum flux measurement, the sensing part of the sensor needs to be exposed to the plume without a casing nearby.