Halipeurus spadix subsp. spadix Timmermann 1961
Creators: name: Palma, Ricardo L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Phthiraptera
Philopteridae
Halipeurus
Halipeurus spadix
Halipeurus spadix spadix timmermann, 1961

description: Halipeurus spadix spadix Timmermann, 1961 —new status
Halipeurus spadix Timmermann, 1961: 409, fig. 7. Type host: Puffinus opisthomelas Coues, 1864. Holotype 3 in NHML.
Halipeurus intestatus Timmermann, 1961: 410. Type host: Puffinus lherminieri lherminieri Lesson, 1839. Holotype 3 in NHML.
Halipeurus (Halipeurus) taxosetus Edwards, 1961: 145, figs 3I–7I. Type host: Puffinus nativitatis Streets, 1877. Holotype 3 in AMNH.
Halipeurus (Halipeurus) spadix; Timmermann, 1965: 142, fig. 84.
Halipeurus (Halipeurus) spadix; Price et al., 2003: 188.
MATERIAL EXAMINED
Types
Ex Puffinus nativitatis: Holotype 3 and 23 paratypes of Halipeurus taxosetus, Ducie I., Pitcairn Group, South Pacific Ocean, no date, R.H. Beck, RLE 62 (AMNH); allotype Ƥ of H. taxosetus, Christmas I., Pacific Ocean, no date, R.H. Beck, RLE 16 (AMNH).
Non-types
Ex Puffinus opisthomelas: 13, 9Ƥ, Pacific Grove, California, U.S.A., Oct. 1896, V. Kellogg (CISC); 43, 3Ƥ, Santa Barbara, California, U.S.A., 11 Feb. 1903 (MONZ); 13, 1Ƥ, Monterey Bay, California, U.S.A., no date, R.L. Edwards 16 (KCEM).
Ex Puffinus nativitatis: 13, 3Ƥ, Ducie I., Pitcairn Group, South Pacific Ocean, 30 Mar. 1922, R.H. Beck (MONZ); 33, 2Ƥ, Moku Manu, off Oahu I., Hawaiian Is, U.S.A., 17 May 1947, L. Kartman, 47-9866 (USNM); 103, 2Ƥ, Eastern I., Midway Atoll, Hawaiian Is, U.S.A., 26 Jul. 1962, H.I. Fisher (MONZ; BPBM; USNM); 13, Motu Upua Islet, Christmas I., Pacific Ocean, 17 Jun. 1964, D. Hackman, 1531 (USNM); 13, 2Ƥ, Phoenix Is, Kiribati, Pacific Ocean, 12 Jul. 1964, D. Hackman, 1699 (KCEM; USNM); 13, 1Ƥ, Phoenix I., Phoenix Is, Kiribati, Pacific Ocean, 28 May 1965, POBSP 4485 (KCEM); 23, 2Ƥ, at sea, 6o41’N- 152o45’W, 10 Jun. 1965, POBSP 4268 (USNM); 83, 3Ƥ, Ducie I., Pitcairn Group, South Pacific Ocean, 2 Aug. 1991, J.N. Jolly (MONZ).
Ex Puffinus lherminieri lherminieri: 13, 1Ƥ, Bird Rocks, Barbados I., Atlantic Ocean, 21 Mar. 1889 (MONZ); 2Ƥ, Cape May, New Jersey, U.S.A., Aug. 1926, A. Wetmore (USNM); 423, 51Ƥ, W. Elbow Key, Bahamas Is, Atlantic Ocean, 19 Jun. 1930, H.S. Peters (USNM; KCEM; MONZ); 53, 3Ƥ, Edisto Beach, South Carolina, U.S.A., 24 Jul. 1938, E.B. Chamberlain, 64-7554 (USNM); 53, 5Ƥ, Black Bay, North Carolina, U.S.A., Aug. 1939, J.H. Grey (KCEM); 153, 6Ƥ, Manzanilla Beach, Trinidad I., Atlantic Ocean, 4 Apr. 1957, W.G. Downs, 656 (USNM); 13, 1Ƥ, Miami, Florida, U.S.A., 9 May 1980, 1169 (KCEM); 13, 1Ƥ, Patrick AFB, Florida, U.S.A., 21 Jul. 1980, W. Hoffman (KCEM); 83, 8Ƥ, Morant Cays, Jamaica, 4 Dec. 1997, B. Zonfrillo (MONZ); 13, Grenada I., Atlantic Ocean, no date, B. Lintern, D.M. 18666 (MONZ).
Ex Puffinus lherminieri bannermani Mathews & Iredale, 1915: 43, 6Ƥ, Chichijima I., Bonin Is, Tokyo Prefecture, Japan, no date, M. Tsurumi (MONZ; YIOJ).
Ex Puffinus huttoni Mathews, 1912: 13, Waimakariri River Estuary, Canterbury, N.Z., 2 Oct. 1964, D. Dawson (RLCP); 13, 2Ƥ, Taumutu, Canterbury, N.Z., 17 Oct. 1964, J.R. Jackson (RLCP); 13, 1Ƥ, Spencerville, Canterbury, N.Z., 2 Nov. 1964, D. Dawson (RLCP); 13, 1Ƥ, Kaikoura, N.Z., 23 Mar. 1966, J.T. Kay (MONZ); 33, 2Ƥ, Kaikoura, N.Z., 20 Nov. 1966, L. Bowring (RLCP); 13, 1Ƥ, Kaikouras, N.Z., 24 Sep. 1967, W.V. Ward (NZAC); 43, Kaikoura, N.Z., 1 Apr. 1968, C.M. 68/535 (RLCP); 2Ƥ, Head of Kowhai River, Kaikoura, N.Z., 21 Feb. 1970, J.R. Jackson (RLCP); 13, 5Ƥ, Head of Kowhai River, Kaikoura, N.Z., 8 Mar. 1970, J.R. Jackson (RLCP); 13, 1Ƥ, Kaikoura, N.Z., 16 Mar. 1970, L. Bowring (RLCP); 33, 3Ƥ, Kaikoura, N.Z., 4 Oct. 1970, I. Mannering, KA 0 27 (RLCP); 1Ƥ, Kaikoura, N.Z., 9 Oct. 1971, KA 074B (RLCP); 13, 1Ƥ, New Brighton, Canterbury, N.Z., 24 Oct. 1971, J.R. Jackson (RLCP); 13, 1Ƥ, Kaikoura, N.Z., 15 Mar. 1972, I. Mannering, KA 193B (RLCP); 23, Kaikoura, N.Z., 16 Mar. 1973, G.D. Fenwick (RLCP); 33, 3Ƥ, Kaikoura, N.Z., 23 Mar. 1973, I. Mannering (RLCP); 63, 6Ƥ, Taumutu, Canterbury, N.Z., 10 Nov. 1973, D. Geddes (RLCP; MONZ); 33, 3Ƥ, Kaikoura, N.Z., 23 Mar. 1974, W.C. Clark (RLCP); 53, 5Ƥ, Kaikoura, N.Z., 5 Dec. 1974, I. Mannering, KA 306 (RLCP; MONZ); 63, Kaikoura, N.Z., 23 Dec. 1974, I. Mannering (RLCP; MONZ); 13, 1Ƥ, Waimairi Beach, Canterbury, N.Z., 8 Nov. 1975, J.R. Jackson (RLCP; MONZ); 13, Kaikoura, N.Z., 21 Jan. 1977, W.C. Clark, KA 465A (RLCP); 53, 1Ƥ, Wellington City, N.Z., 21 Apr. 1977, Wildlife Service (MONZ); 33, 3Ƥ, Lyall Bay, Wellington, N.Z., 22 Apr. 1977, Mr Reed (MONZ); 23, 2Ƥ, Kaikoura, N.Z., 14 Oct. 1978, J. Cowie (MONZ); 33, 1Ƥ, Plimmerton, Wellington, N.Z., 29 Apr. 1979, J. Woodward (MONZ); 43, 4Ƥ, Muriwai, Auckland, N.Z., 9 Nov. 1979, S.M. Reed (MONZ); 53, 5Ƥ, Waimairi Beach, Canterbury, N.Z., 3 Jan. 1980, M.D. McNeil (MONZ); 53, 3Ƥ, North Beach, Canterbury, N.Z., 17 Jan. 1981, J.R. Jackson (RLCP); 13, 1Ƥ, Waikanae Beach, Wellington, N.Z., 12 Feb. 1983, A.J.D. Tennyson (MONZ); 43, 4Ƥ, Strathmore, Wellington, N.Z., 26 Mar. 1984, M. Roberts (MONZ); 43, 4Ƥ, Kaikoura, N.Z., 20 Oct. 1984, J. Warham (MONZ); 13, 1Ƥ, Kaikoura, N.Z., 2 Nov. 1998, J. Briskie & T.D. Galloway (MONZ).
DISCUSSION: The new status of Halipeurus spadix as the nominate subspecies is the result of my demoting the taxon Halipeurus subclavus to a subspecies of H. spadix (see Discussion under H. spadix subclavus).
Edwards (1961: 146) identified two males and two females from Puffinus lherminieri bannermani ex Bonin Islands, as Halipeurus taxosetus (= Halipeurus spadix spadix), but that host-louse association was not included in Price et al. (2003). The specimens of Halipeurus from P. l. bannermani examined for this paper fall within the ranges of H. spadix spadix.
description: Published as part of Palma, Ricardo L., 2011, New taxa, new synonymies and new host records in the louse genus Halipeurus (Insecta: Phthiraptera: Philopteridae) parasitic on petrels (Aves: Procellariiformes), pp. 1-45 in Zootaxa 3017 on pages 22-23, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.278615