cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Achromatic polarization rotator with tunable rotation angle
Creators: name: Stoyanova, Elena
name: Al-Mahmoud, Mouhamad
name: Hristova, Hristina
name: Rangelov, Andon
name: Dimova, Emiliya
name: Vitanov, Nikolay V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically suggest and experimentally demonstrate a broadband composite optical rotator that is capable of rotating the polarization plane of a linearly-polarized light at any chosen angle. The device is composed of an even number of half-wave plates rotated at specific angles with respect to their fast-polarization axes. The frequency bandwidth of the polarization rotator in principal increases with the number of half-wave plates. Here we experimentally examine the performance of rotators composed of two, four, six, eight and ten half-wave plates.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures
Bell's inequality and the spooky actions at a distance
Creators: name: Pinochet, Jorge
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Popular Physics (physics.pop-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This article discusses the main aspects related to Bell's inequality, both theoretical and experimental. A new derivation of Bell's inequality is also presented, which stands out for its mathematical simplicity. The exposition is mainly intended for undergraduate physics students, and places special emphasis on clarifying the meaning and scope of Bell's theorem in the context of the Einstein-Podolski-Rosen experiment.
description: 23 pages, in Portuguese language, 8 figures
Hawking for everyone: Commemorating half a century of an unfinished scientific revolution
Creators: name: Pinochet, Jorge
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Popular Physics (physics.pop-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This year marks half a century since Stephen Hawking made his greatest scientific discovery by theoretically proving that black holes aint so black, as they behave like hot bodies with an absolute temperature that depends inversely on their mass. This discovery is expressed by a simple and elegant equation known as the Hawking temperature. The best way to commemorate this great scientific event is by bringing it to a wide audience. The simplest and most transparent and intuitive tool to achieve this goal is dimensional analysis. The objective of this work is to use this tool to derive the Hawking equation, reveal its meaning, and explore its main physical consequences.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures
Additional file 3 of Assembling and validating a heart failure-free cohort from the Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) study
Creators: name: Parag Goyal
name: Mefford, Matthew
name: Ligong Chen
name: Sterling, Madeline
name: Durant, Raegan
name: Safford, Monika
name: Levitan, Emily
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 3. Performance of approach to assemble a heart failure-free cohort in the REasons for Geographic And Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) study population compared to Medicare referent standards, according to race
Parameter elimination in particle Gibbs sampling
Creators: name: Wigren, Anna
name: Risuleo, Riccardo Sven
name: Murray, Lawrence
name: Lindsten, Fredrik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Bayesian inference in state-space models is challenging due to high-dimensional state trajectories. A viable approach is particle Markov chain Monte Carlo, combining MCMC and sequential Monte Carlo to form "exact approximations" to otherwise intractable MCMC methods. The performance of the approximation is limited to that of the exact method. We focus on particle Gibbs and particle Gibbs with ancestor sampling, improving their performance beyond that of the underlying Gibbs sampler (which they approximate) by marginalizing out one or more parameters. This is possible when the parameter prior is conjugate to the complete data likelihood. Marginalization yields a non-Markovian model for inference, but we show that, in contrast to the general case, this method still scales linearly in time. While marginalization can be cumbersome to implement, recent advances in probabilistic programming have enabled its automation. We demonstrate how the marginalized methods are viable as efficient inference backends in probabilistic programming, and demonstrate with examples in ecology and epidemiology.
Relic gravitational waves from colliding bubbles and cosmic turbulence
Creators: name: Nicolis, Alberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A stochastic background of gravitational waves can be generated during a cosmological first order phase transition, at least by two distinct mechanisms: collisions of true vacuum bubbles and turbulence in the cosmic fluid. I compare these two contributions, analyzing their relative importance for a generic phase transition. In particular, a first order electroweak phase transition is expected to generate a gravitational wave signal peaked at a frequency which today falls just within the band of the planned space interferometer LISA. For this transition, I find constraints for the relevant parameters in order to produce a signal within the reach of the sensitivity of LISA. The result is that the transition must be strongly first order, alpha > 0.2. In this regime the signal coming from turbulence dominates over that from colliding bubbles.
description: REVTeX 4; 4 pages, 3 figures
Imbalance in Coagulation/Fibrinolysis Inhibitors Resulting in Extravascular Thrombin Generation in Gliomas of Varying Levels of Malignancy
Creators: name: Wojtukiewicz, Marek Z.
name: Mysliwiec, Marta
name: Matuszewska, Elwira
name: Sulkowski, Stanislaw
name: Zimnoch, Lech
name: Politynska, Barbara
name: Wojtukiewicz, Anna M.
name: Tucker, Stephanie C.
name: Honn, Kenneth V.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: blood coagulation/fibrinolysis inhibitors
hemostasis
F1+2
TFPI
TFPI-2
PC
PS
thrombomodulin
PAI-1
gliomas
glial tumors

description: Neoplastic processes are integrally related to disturbances in the mechanisms regulating hemostatic processes. Brain tumors, including gliomas, are neoplasms associated with a significantly increased risk of thromboembolic complications, affecting 20–30% of patients. As gliomas proliferate, they cause damage to the brain tissue and vascular structures, which leads to the release of procoagulant factors into the systemic circulation, and hence systemic activation of the blood coagulation system. Hypercoagulability in cancer patients may be, at least in part, a result of the inadequate activity of coagulation inhibitors. The aim of the study was to evaluate the expression of the inhibitors of the coagulation and fibrinolysis systems (tissue factor pathway inhibitor, TFPI; tissue factor pathway inhibitor-2 TFPI-2; protein C, PC; protein S, PS, thrombomodulin, TM; plasminogen activators inhibitor, PAI-1) in gliomas of varying degrees of malignancy. Immunohistochemical studies were performed on 40 gliomas, namely on 13 lower-grade (G2) gliomas (8 astrocytomas, 5 oligodendrogliomas) and 27 high-grade gliomas (G3–12 anaplastic astrocytomas, 4 anaplastic oligodendrogliomas; G4–11 glioblastomas). A strong expression of TFPI-2, PS, TM, PAI-1 was observed in lower-grade gliomas, while an intensive color immunohistochemical (IHC) reaction for the presence of TFPI antigens was detected in higher-grade gliomas. The presence of PC antigens was found in all gliomas. Prothrombin fragment 1+2 was observed in lower- and higher-grade gliomas reflecting local activation of blood coagulation. Differences in the expression of coagulation/fibrinolysis inhibitors in the tissues of gliomas with varying degrees of malignancy may be indicative of their altered role in gliomas, going beyond that of their functions in the hemostatic system.
Nonequilibrium Phase Transition in Constrained Adsorption
Creators: name: Sellitto, Mauro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the adsorption-desorption of fluid molecules on a solid substrate by introducing a schematic model in which the adsorption/desorption transition probabilities are given by irreversible kinetic constraints with a tunable violation of local detailed balance condition. Numerical simulations show that in one spatial dimension the model undergoes a continuous nonequilibrium phase transition whose location depends on the irreversibility strength. We show that the hierarchy of equations obeyed by multi-point correlation functions can be closed to the second order by means of a simple decoupling approximation, and that the approximated solution for the steady state yields a very good description of the overall phase diagram.
Additional file 2 of Accurate targeted long-read DNA methylation and hydroxymethylation sequencing with TAPS
Creators: name: Yibin Liu
name: Jingfei Cheng
name: Siejka-Zielińska, Paulina
name: Carika Weldon
name: Roberts, Hannah
name: Lopopolo, Maria
name: Magri, Andrea
name: D’Arienzo, Valentina
name: Harris, James
name: McKeating, Jane
name: Song, Chun-Xiao
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Review history.
Imputation of missing sub-hourly precipitation data in a large sensor network: a machine learning approach
Creators: name: Chivers, Benedict Delahaye
name: Wallbank, John
name: Cole, Steven J.
name: Sebek, Ondrej
name: Stanley, Simon
name: Fry, Matthew
name: Leontidis, Georgios
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Precipitation data collected at sub-hourly resolution represents specific challenges for missing data recovery by being largely stochastic in nature and highly unbalanced in the duration of rain vs non-rain. Here we present a two-step analysis utilising current machine learning techniques for imputing precipitation data sampled at 30-minute intervals by devolving the task into (a) the classification of rain or non-rain samples, and (b) regressing the absolute values of predicted rain samples. Investigating 37 weather stations in the UK, this machine learning process produces more accurate predictions for recovering precipitation data than an established surface fitting technique utilising neighbouring rain gauges. Increasing available features for the training of machine learning algorithms increases performance with the integration of weather data at the target site with externally sourced rain gauges providing the highest performance. This method informs machine learning models by utilising information in concurrently collected environmental data to make accurate predictions of missing rain data. Capturing complex non-linear relationships from weakly correlated variables is critical for data recovery at sub-hourly resolutions. Such pipelines for data recovery can be developed and deployed for highly automated and near instantaneous imputation of missing values in ongoing datasets at high temporal resolutions.
description: 24 pages, 7 figures, 5 tables
Integrated Spectral Energy Distributions and Absorption Feature Indices of Single Stellar Populations
Creators: name: Zhang, Fenghui
name: Han, Zhanwen
name: Li, Lifang
name: Hurley, Jarrod R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using evolutionary population synthesis, we present integrated spectral energy distributions and absorption-line indices defined by the Lick Observatory image dissector scanner (referred to as Lick/IDS) system, for an extensive set of instantaneous burst single stellar populations (SSPs). The ages of the SSPs are in the range 1-19 Gyr and the metallicities [Fe/H] are in the range -2.3 - 0.2. Our models use the rapid single stellar evolution algorithm of Hurley, Pols and Tout for the stellar evolutionary tracks, the empirical and semi-empirical calibrated BaSeL-2.0 model of Lejeune, Cuisinier and Buser for the library of stellar spectra and the empirical fitting functions of Worthey, Faber, Gonzalez and Burstein for the Lick/IDS spectral absorption-feature indices. Applying our synthetic Lick/IDS absorption-line indices to the merit function, we obtain the age and the metallicity of the central region of M32, which can be well explained by an instantaneous SSP with an age of 6.5 Gyr and a metallicity similar to solar. Applying the derived age and the metallicity from the merit function to a number of index-index diagrams, we find that the plots of Hbeta-Fe5015 and Hbeta-Fe5782 are the best index-index diagrams from which we can directly obtain reasonable age and metallicity.
description: 18 pages, 9 figures, to be published in MNRAS
Additional file 1 of Prevention of multiple system atrophy using human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells by reducing polyamine and cholesterol-induced neural damages
Creators: name: Kyung-Ran Park
name: Hwang, Chul
name: Yun, Hyung-Mun
name: Yeo, In
name: Choi, Dong-Young
name: Pil-Hoon Park
name: Kim, Hyung
name: Lee, Jung
name: Jung, Young
name: Sang-Bae Han
name: Hong, Jin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary figure 1 Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) transplantation ameliorates double-toxin-induced neural apoptosis. The effect of MSC transplantation on neuronal apoptosis was measured by TUNEL assay. Detection of apoptotic cell death in the brains as shown by TUNEL staining (n = 3). Supplementary figure 2 MSC transplantation ameliorates double-toxin-induced neuroinflammation. Effect of MSC transplantation on neuroinflammation by western blot analysis and ELISA. Expression of iNOS and COX2 was also examined by specific antibodies in the brain striatum and substantia nigra (A). The release of inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-6 in the rat brain striatum and substantia nigra was measured by a specific ELISA kit (B). Each value is presented as mean ± SD of 10 rat. *, p
Using 3D Stringy Gravity to Understand the Thurston Conjecture
Creators: name: Gegenberg, J.
name: Kunstatter, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We present a string inspired 3D Euclidean field theory as the starting point for a modified Ricci flow analysis of the Thurston conjecture. In addition to the metric, the theory contains a dilaton, an antisymmetric tensor field and a Maxwell-Chern Simons field. For constant dilaton, the theory appears to obey a Birkhoff theorem which allows only nine possible classes of solutions, depending on the signs of the parameters in the action. Eight of these correspond to the eight Thurston geometries, while the ninth describes the metric of a squashed three sphere. It therefore appears that one can construct modified Ricci flow equations in which the topology of the geometry is encoded in the parameters of an underlying field theory.
description: 17 pages, Latex
Countertrade: An Alternative Marketing Strategy in Agricultural Export Transactions
Creators: name: Jones, James R.
name: Jones, James R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1984
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: A descriptive alalysis of countertrade is presented as background for understanding the possible uses and pitfalls of this variety of trading arrangement as an alternative agricultural marketing strategy. Countertrade appears to have considerable merit to an increasing number of foreign buyers, but this paper cautions that there are inherent problems with such arrangements that should not be overlooked.
Comparing Zealous and Restrained AI Recommendations in a Real-World Human-AI Collaboration Task
Creators: name: Xu, Chengyuan
name: Lien, Kuo-Chin
name: Höllerer, Tobias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: H.5.0; I.2.0

description: When designing an AI-assisted decision-making system, there is often a tradeoff between precision and recall in the AI's recommendations. We argue that careful exploitation of this tradeoff can harness the complementary strengths in the human-AI collaboration to significantly improve team performance. We investigate a real-world video anonymization task for which recall is paramount and more costly to improve. We analyze the performance of 78 professional annotators working with a) no AI assistance, b) a high-precision "restrained" AI, and c) a high-recall "zealous" AI in over 3,466 person-hours of annotation work. In comparison, the zealous AI helps human teammates achieve significantly shorter task completion time and higher recall. In a follow-up study, we remove AI assistance for everyone and find negative training effects on annotators trained with the restrained AI. These findings and our analysis point to important implications for the design of AI assistance in recall-demanding scenarios.
description: 15 pages, 14 figures, accepted to ACM CHI 2023
The Distance Factor in Interregional and International Trade
Creators: name: Binkley, James K.
name: Binkley, James K.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1984
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis
International Relations/Trade

description: In most trade analysis, transport costs, when considered, are viewed as some constant wedge between traders. This ignores variability in these costs and the effects on producers and consumers resulting from increased market instability due to distance. As a result, the effect of distance on trade may be stronger than traditional trade theory suggests.
The fifty-two icosahedral solutions to Painleve VI
Creators: name: Boalch, Philip
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 34M55, 34M15, 58D19

description: The solutions of the (nonlinear) Painleve VI differential equation having icosahedral linear monodromy group will be classified up to equivalence under Okamoto's affine F4 Weyl group action and many properties of the solutions will be given. There are 52 classes, the first ten of which correspond directly to the ten icosahedral entries on Schwarz's list of algebraic solutions of the hypergeometric equation. The next nine solutions are simple deformations of known PVI solutions (and have less than five branches) and five of the larger solutions are already known, due to work of Dubrovin and Mazzocco and Kitaev. Of the remaining 28 solutions we will find 20 explicitly using (the author's correction of) Jimbo's asymptotic formula. Amongst those constructed there is one solution that is 'generic' in that its parameters lie on none of the affine F4 hyperplanes, one that is equivalent to the Dubrovin--Mazzocco elliptic solution and three elliptic solutions that are related to the Valentiner three-dimensional complex reflection group, the largest having 24 branches.
description: 28 pages, 2 tables, final version, to appear in Crelle's journal (minor corrections, added two solutions and remarked that the remaining 8 solutions may be obtained via quadratic transformations)
SUBSIDIZED CREDIT AND INVESTMENT IN AGRICULTURE: THE SPECIAL CASE OF FARM REAL ESTATE
Creators: name: Hughes, Dean W.
name: Penson Jr., John B.
name: Bednarz, Curtis R.
name: Hughes, Dean W.
name: Penson Jr., John B.
name: Bednarz, Curtis R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1984
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis
Farm Management
Land Economics/Use

description: The purpose of this paper is to provide initial estimates of the impact that government farm credit policies have on the market for farm land. Three specific questions are addressed. How have government farm credit programs influenced (1) farm land prices, (2) farm indebtedness and the (3) the fraction of farm land owned by farmers? The paper is divided into three major sections. First, a theoretical model of the farm land market capable of capturing the effects of interest rate subsidies is developed. The second section presents the results of estimating the model and simulating it under different subsidy regimes.1 The final section summarizes the findings of this paper and raises some questions for further research.
Complexes of gold and imidazole formed in helium nanodroplets
Creators: name: Gatchell, Michael
name: Goulart, Marcelo
name: Kranabetter, Lorentz
name: Kuhn, Martin
name: Martini, Paul
name: Rasul, Bilal
name: Scheier, Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have studied complexes of gold atoms and imidazole (C$_3$N$_2$H$_4$, abbreviated Im) produced in helium nanodroplets. Following the ionization of the doped droplets we detect a broad range of different Au$_m$Im$_n^+$ complexes, however we find that for specific values of $m$ certain $n$ are "magic" and thus particularly abundant. Our density functional theory calculations indicate that these abundant clusters sizes are partially the result of particularly stable complexes, e.g. AuIm$_2^+$, and partially due to a transition in fragmentation patterns from the loss of neutral imidazole molecules for large systems to the loss of neutral gold atoms for smaller systems.
description: 7 pages, 9 figures, published in Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics
Towards using Reinforcement Learning for Scaling and Data Replication in Cloud Systems
Creators: name: Mokadem, Riad
name: Arar, Fahem
name: Zegour, Djamel Eddine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Given its intuitive nature, many Cloud providers opt for threshold-based data replication to enable automatic resource scaling. However, setting thresholds effectively needs human intervention to calibrate thresholds for each metric and requires a deep knowledge of current workload trends, which can be challenging to achieve. Reinforcement learning is used in many areas related to the Cloud Computing, and it is a promising field to get automatic data replication strategies. In this work, we survey data replication strategies and data scaling based on reinforcement learning (RL).
Phasor analysis of atom diffraction from a rotated material grating
Creators: name: Cronin, Alexander D.
name: Perreault, John D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The strength of an atom-surface interaction is determined by studying atom diffraction from a rotated material grating. A phasor diagram is developed to interpret why diffraction orders are never completely suppressed when a complex transmission function due to the van der Waals interaction is present. We also show that atom-surface interactions can produce asymmetric diffraction patterns. Our conceptual discussion is supported by experimental observations with a sodium atom beam.
description: 5 pages, 6 figures, submitted to PRA
title: Probing the Mechanism of the Cytochrome P-450 Catalysed Dealkylation of Amides
Creators: name: Tolando, Roberto
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 1998

description: Cytochrome P-450 (P450) metabolises N,N-dialkylamides to their corresponding N-dealkylated products via formation of an N-hydroxyalkyl-N-alkylamide intermediate. The first-step of these oxidative dealkylations, has been studied both by the use of probe substrates able to trap intramolecularly the reactive intermediate, and also by the use of the intermolecular spin trapping agent PBN, together with ESR analysis. The results obtained indicate that oxidative dealkylation of amides occurs via hydrogen atom abstraction from the alkyl carbon atom α- to the amide nitrogen leading to the formation of a carbon-centred radical intermediate. Such an intermediate can subsequently undergo hydroxyl group insertion, from the activated haem-oxygen complex of P450, to give the N-hydroxyalkyl intermediate. No evidence for an iminium ion intermediate was obtained. Dealkylation of chiral substrates reveals little stereoselectivity in the dealkylation reactions. In contrast, by using fixed-conformation probe substrates, a regioselectivity for the oxidation of the Z- group was observed. Comparison of these results with those of a biomimetic system and with semi-empirical M.O. calculations suggests that these reactions are kinetically rather than thermodynamically driven. Finally, the effects of the generation of a carboncentred radical intermediate during amide metabolism on the P450 enzyme system were analysed. Oxidation of N,N-dimethylformamide and N,N-dimethylacetamide results in the inactivation of the metabolising enzyme. PBN, but not ascorbic acid or glutathione, protects against this inactivation. Such inactivation is due to the carbon-centred radical species attacking the prosthetic haem group of the enzyme, resulting in the formation of a modified haem that retains its tetrapyrrolic structure. The modified haem can be synthesised from haemin by reaction with a chemically-generated α-carbon-centred radical. The full characterisation of the structure of the modified haem requires further work, but preliminary studies reveal it to be the result of attack at the vinyl or meso positions of the haem rather than at the pyrrolic nitrogen atoms.
Prospects for galaxy-mass relations from the 6dF Galaxy Survey
Creators: name: Burkey, Daniel
name: Taylor, Andy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop new methods to study the properties of galaxy redshift surveys and radial peculiar velocity surveys, both individually and combined. We derive the Fisher information matrix for redshift surveys, including redshift distortions and stochastic bias. We find exact results for estimating the marginalised accuracy of a two-parameter measurement of the amplitude of galaxy clustering, A_g, and the distortion parameter beta. The Fisher matrix is also derived for a radial peculiar velocity survey and we discuss optimisation of these surveys for equal timescales. The Fisher Super-Matrix, combining both surveys, is derived. We apply these results to investigate the 6 degree Field Galaxy Survey (6dFGS), currently underway on the UK Schmidt Telescope (UKST). The survey will consist of approximately 125000 K-band selected galaxies with redshifts and a subset of around 15000 galaxies with radial peculiar velocities. We find for the redshift survey that we can measure the three parameters A_g, Gamma and beta to about 3% accuracy, but will not be able to detect the baryon abundance, or the matter-galaxy correlation coefficient, r_g. The peculiar velocity survey will jointly measure the velocity amplitude A_v and Gamma to around 25% accuracy. A conditional estimate of the amplitude A_v alone, can be made to 5%. When the surveys are combined however, the major degeneracy between beta and r_g is lifted and we are able to measure A_g, Gamma, beta and r_g all to the 2% level, significantly improving on current estimates. Finally we consider scale dependence of r_g and the biassing parameter b. We find that measurements for these averaged over logarithmic passbands can be constrained to the level of a few percent.
description: 14 pages, 14 figures. To be published in MNRAS
A 1 m$^3$ Gas Time Projection Chamber with Optical Readout for Directional Dark Matter Searches: the CYGNO Experiment
Creators: name: Baracchini, E.
name: Bedogni, R.
name: Bellini, F.
name: Benussi, L.
name: Bianco, S.
name: Capoccia, C.
name: Caponero, M.
name: Cavoto, G.
name: Costa, I. A.
name: Di Marco, E.
name: D'Imperio, G.
name: Iacoangeli, F.
name: Maccarone, G.
name: Marafini, M.
name: Mazzitelli, G.
name: Messina, A.
name: Orlandi, A.
name: Paoletti, E.
name: Passamonti, L.
name: Pelosi, A.
name: Petrucci, F.
name: Piccolo, D.
name: Pierluigi, D.
name: Pinci, D.
name: Renga, F.
name: Russo, A.
name: Saviano, G.
name: Tomassini, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The aim of the CYGNO project is the construction and operation of a 1~m$^3$ gas TPC for directional dark matter searches and coherent neutrino scattering measurements, as a prototype toward the 100-1000~m$^3$ (0.15-1.5 tons) CYGNUS network of underground experiments. In such a TPC, electrons produced by dark-matter- or neutrino-induced nuclear recoils will drift toward and will be multiplied by a three-layer GEM structure, and the light produced in the avalanche processes will be readout by a sCMOS camera, providing a 2D image of the event with a resolution of a few hundred micrometers. Photomultipliers will also provide a simultaneous fast readout of the time profile of the light production, giving information about the third coordinate and hence allowing a 3D reconstruction of the event, from which the direction of the nuclear recoil and consequently the direction of the incoming particle can be inferred. Such a detailed reconstruction of the event topology will also allow a pure and efficient signal to background discrimination. These two features are the key to reach and overcome the solar neutrino background that will ultimately limit non-directional dark matter searches.
description: 5 page, 7 figures, contribution to the Conference Records of 2018 IEEE NSS/MIC
Additional file 1 of Accurate targeted long-read DNA methylation and hydroxymethylation sequencing with TAPS
Creators: name: Yibin Liu
name: Jingfei Cheng
name: Siejka-Zielińska, Paulina
name: Carika Weldon
name: Roberts, Hannah
name: Lopopolo, Maria
name: Magri, Andrea
name: D’Arienzo, Valentina
name: Harris, James
name: McKeating, Jane
name: Song, Chun-Xiao
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Figure S1. Validation of lrTAPS by HpaII digestion. Figure S2. lrTAPS allows accurate detection of DNA methylation in regions up to 10 kb. Figure S3. Sequence alignment of Hba-a1 and Hba-a2. Figure S4. Scatter plot showing the correlation of methylation detected by Nano-TAPS, SMRT-TAPS, and Illumina-TAPS on the ~4 kb mESC genomic region shown in Fig. 2a. Figure S5. CpG methylation in HBV cccDNA isolated from infected HepG2-NTCP cells (6 days post-infection) detected by Nano-TAPS and SMRT-TAPS. Figure S6. Heatmap showing the Pearson’s correlation of methylation in each CpG sites measured by SMRT-TAPS in HBV integrated DNA in Huh-1 cells. Table S1. Comparison of hTet2 and mTet1CD activity by Illumina-TAPS. Table S2. Primers used for lrTAPS. Table S3. Sequencing and mapping statistics for long-read TAPS. Supplementary method 1. Preparation of model DNA and spike-in control. Supplementary method 2. Long-read TAPS. Supplementary method 3. Illumina-TAPS.
The Pionic Contribution to Diffuse Gamma Rays: Upper Limits
Creators: name: Prodanovic, Tijana
name: Fields, Brian D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Diffuse gamma rays probe the highest-energy processes at the largest scales. Here we derive model-independent constraints on the hadronic contribution to the Galactic and extragalactic gamma-ray spectra in the energy range 50 MeV < E_gamma < 10 GeV. The hadronic component is dominated by emission from neutral pions, with a characteristic spectrum symmetric about m_{pi^0}/2. We exploit the well-defined properties of the pion decay spectrum to quantify the maximum pionic fraction of the observed gamma-ray intensity. We find that the Galactic spectrum above 30 MeV can be at most about 50% pionic. The maximum pionic contribution to the extragalactic spectrum is energy dependent; it also depends on the redshift range over which the sources are distributed, ranging from as low as about 20% for pions generated very recently, to as much as 90% if the pions are generated around redshift 10. The implications of these constraints for models of gamma-ray and neutrino emission are briefly discussed.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures, AASTeX. Comments welcome
A footnote to a theorem of Halász
Creators: name: Saïas, Éric
name: Seip, Kristian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11M41, 11N64

description: We study multiplicative functions $f$ satisfying $|f(n)|\le 1$ for all $n$, the associated Dirichlet series $F(s):=\sum_{n=1}^{\infty} f(n) n^{-s}$, and the summatory function $S_f(x):=\sum_{n\le x} f(n)$. Up to a possible trivial contribution from the numbers $f(2^k)$, $F(s)$ may have at most one zero or one pole on the one-line, in a sense made precise by Halász. We estimate $\log F(s)$ away from any such point and show that if $F(s)$ has a zero on the one-line in the sense of Halász, then $|S_f(x)|\le (x/\log x) \exp\big(c\sqrt{\log \log x}\big)$ for all $c>0$ when $x$ is large enough. This bound is best possible.
description: This note is accepted for publication in Functiones et Approximatio
Marine Drive Station Area : Incremental Visions of a Neighbourhood's Future
Creators: name: University Of British Columbia. School Of Community And Regional Planning
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The work summarized in this book was undertaken for a course at the School of Community and Regional Planning at UBC. The course was entitled Theory and Methods of Urban Design and it covered the fundamentals of urban design by inviting students to apply theory to neighbourhood design. The course surveyed major historical and contemporary trends in urban design theory and practice, and introduced contemporary theories on the future forces affecting the development and functioning of urban regions. Students discussed cities at multiple scales and applied their evolving understanding to neighbourhood scale development in the Marine Drive Station Area in Marpole, Vancouver. This book presents the weekly progression of designs with summaries of the design interventions and critiques. The final outcome represents weeks of deliberation, discussion, and incremental growth towards a neighbourhood that is responsive to the anticipated challenges of climate change, peak oil, increased and aging population, and the need for complete healthy walkable communities.
Cosmic Connections
Creators: name: Ellis, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A National Research Council study on connecting quarks with the cosmos has recently posed a number of the more important open questions at the interface between particle physics and cosmology. These questions include the nature of dark matter and dark energy, how the Universe began, modifications to gravity, the effects of neutrinos on the Universe, how cosmic accelerators work, and whether there are new states of matter at high density and pressure. These questions are discussed in the context of the talks presented at this Summer Institute.
description: Closing Lecture at the 31st SLAC Summer Institute, July 2003: PSN TF07, 18 pages latex, uses ssi.sty (included)
Carphina occulta Monne 1990
Creators: name: Monné, Miguel A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2005
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Cerambycidae
Carphina
Carphina occulta

description: 6. Carphina occulta Monné, 1990
Type locality — Brazil, Espírito Santo: Linhares. (MNRJ). Distribution — Brazil (Minas Gerais to São Paulo).
 Carphina occulta Monné, 1990b: 684, fig. 5; Julio et al., 2000: 33 (holotype).
description: Published as part of Monné, Miguel A., 2005, Catalogue of the Cerambycidae (Coleoptera) of the Neotropical Region. Part II. Subfamily Lamiinae, pp. 1-760 in Zootaxa 1023 (1) on pages 1-760, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.946.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5049553
Arbeitspapier Transkriptionen gesprochener Sprache
Creators: name: Adelmann, Benedikt
name: Andresen, Melanie
name: Menzel, Wolfgang
name: Zinsmeister, Heike
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: In diesem Arbeitspapier stellen wir die Schwierigkeiten zusammen, auf die wir beim Verarbeiten von Transkripten gesprochener Sprache (Interviewdaten) in hermA gestoßen sind, und geben Empfehlungen für die zukünftige Handhabung, insbesondere bezüglich der Integration in den Transkriptionsprozess, wenn solche Daten computergestützt weiterverarbeitet werden sollen.
Use of a spoof plasmon to optimize the coupling of infrared radiation to Josephson Junction fluxon oscillations
Creators: name: Tagliacozzo, A.
name: De Nicola, S.
name: Montemurro, D.
name: Campagnano, G.
name: Petrarca, C.
name: Forestiere, C.
name: Rubinacci, G.
name: Tafuri, F.
name: Pepe, G. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that Infrared radiation impinging onto a 1-d array of grooves drilled in the superconductor electrode of a long overlap junction can improve matching between fluxon oscillations at THz frequencies and a spoof plasmon of comparable wavelength. This example proves that metamaterials can be very helpful in integrating superconductive and subwavelength optical circuits with optimized matching bridging the gap between infrared and microwave radiation.
Co-moving space density of X-ray-selected Active Galactic Nuclei
Creators: name: Silverman, J. D.
name: Green, P. J.
name: Barkhouse, W. A.
name: Cameron, R. A.
name: Foltz, C.
name: Jannuzi, B. T.
name: Kim, D. -W.
name: Kim, M.
name: Mossman, A.
name: Tananbaum, H.
name: Wilkes, B. J.
name: Smith, M. G.
name: Smith, R. C.
name: Smith, P. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For measurement of the AGN luminosity function and its evolution, X-ray selection samples all types of AGN and provides reduced obscuration bias in comparison with UV-excess or optical surveys. The apparent decline in optically-selected quasars above z~3 may be strongly affected by such a bias. The Chandra Multiwavelength Project (ChaMP) is characterizing serendipitously detected X-ray sources in a large number of fields with archival Chandra imaging. We present a preliminary measure of the co-moving space density using a sample of 311 AGN found in 23 ChaMP fields (~1.8 deg^2) supplemented with 57 X-ray bright AGN from the CDF-N and CDF-S. Within our X-ray flux (f(0.3-8.0 keV) > 4x10^-15 erg cm^-2 s^-1) and optical magnitude (r' < 22.5) limits, our sample includes 14 broad emission line AGN at z > 3. Using this X-ray selected sample, we detect a turnover in the co-moving space density of luminous type 1 AGN (log Lx > 44.5; units erg s^-1; measured in the 0.3-8.0 keV band and corrected for Galactic absorption) at z > 2.5. Our X-ray sample is the first to show a behavior similar to the well established evolution of the optical quasar luminosity function. A larger sample of high redshift AGN and with a greater fraction of identified sources, either spectroscopic or photometric, at faint optical magnitudes (r' > 22.5) are required to remove the remaining uncertainty in our measure of the X-ray luminosity function. We confirm that for z < 1, lower luminosity AGN (log Lx < 44.5) are more prevalent by more than an order of magnitude than those with high luminosity. We have combined the Chandra sample with AGN from the ROSAT surveys to present a measure of the space density of luminous type 1 AGN in the soft X-ray band (0.5-2.0 keV) which confirms the broad band turnover described above.
description: 8 pages, 9 figures, 1 color figure, Expanded version accepted by ApJ
Additional file 1 of Assembling and validating a heart failure-free cohort from the Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) study
Creators: name: Parag Goyal
name: Mefford, Matthew
name: Ligong Chen
name: Sterling, Madeline
name: Durant, Raegan
name: Safford, Monika
name: Levitan, Emily
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1. Performance of approach to assemble a heart failure-free cohort in the REasons for Geographic And Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) study population compared to Medicare referent standards, according to age
Hyperbolicity of the Kidder-Scheel-Teukolsky formulation of Einstein's equations coupled to a modified Bona-Masso slicing condition
Creators: name: Alcubierre, Miguel
name: Corichi, Alejandro
name: Gonzalez, Jose A.
name: Nunez, Dario
name: Salgado, Marcelo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the Kidder-Scheel-Teukolsky family of hyperbolic formulations of the 3+1 evolution equations of general relativity remains hyperbolic when coupled to a recently proposed modified version of the Bona-Masso slicing condition.
description: 4 pages. Several changes. Main corrections are in eqs. 4.9 and 4.10
lgpr: An interpretable nonparametric method for inferring covariate effects from longitudinal data
Creators: name: Timonen, Juho
name: Mannerström, Henrik
name: Vehtari, Aki
name: Lähdesmäki, Harri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Longitudinal study designs are indispensable for studying disease progression. Inferring covariate effects from longitudinal data, however, requires interpretable methods that can model complicated covariance structures and detect nonlinear effects of both categorical and continuous covariates, as well as their interactions. Detecting disease effects is hindered by the fact that they often occur rapidly near the disease initiation time, and this time point cannot be exactly observed. An additional challenge is that the effect magnitude can be heterogeneous over the subjects. We present lgpr, a widely applicable and interpretable method for nonparametric analysis of longitudinal data using additive Gaussian processes. We demonstrate that it outperforms previous approaches in identifying the relevant categorical and continuous covariates in various settings. Furthermore, it implements important novel features, including the ability to account for the heterogeneity of covariate effects, their temporal uncertainty, and appropriate observation models for different types of biomedical data. The lgpr tool is implemented as a comprehensive and user-friendly R-package. lgpr is available at jtimonen.github.io/lgpr-usage with documentation, tutorials, test data, and code for reproducing the experiments of this paper.
description: Contains main manuscript and supplementary material. Tables S1-S3 are in ancillary files
Carphina petulans
Creators: name: Monné, Miguel A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2005
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Cerambycidae
Carphina
Carphina petulans

description: 7. Carphina petulans (Kirsch, 1875)
Type locality — Peru. (SMTD). Distribution — Ecuador, French Guiana, Peru, Brazil (Amazonas, Pará, Rondônia), Bolivia.
 Eutrypanus petulans Kirsch, 1875: 289; Lameere, 1883: 71 (cat.).
 Carphina petulans; Monné, 1977: 697; Tavakilian et al., 1997: 336 (hosts); Monné, 2001b: 8 (cat. hosts).
description: Published as part of Monné, Miguel A., 2005, Catalogue of the Cerambycidae (Coleoptera) of the Neotropical Region. Part II. Subfamily Lamiinae, pp. 1-760 in Zootaxa 1023 (1) on pages 1-760, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.946.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5049553
Towards a Covariant Theory of Gravitation
Creators: name: Poltorak, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A covariant reformulation of General Relativity is briefly considered from three points of view: geometrodynamics, Lagrange-Euler field theory, and gauge field theory. From a geometrodynamics perspective, a definition of the reference frame as a differential manifold with an affine connection results in separation of the respective contributions of inertial and gravitational fields represented by the affine connection and the tensor of nonmetricity within the Levi-Civita connection of GR. Resulting decomposition of the Einstein curvature tensor into affine and nonmetric parts allows to recast Einstein's field equations in a form invariant with respect to the choice of a reference frame wherein the gravity is described by nonmetricity of space-time . A covariant Lagrangian is proposed leading to the same field equation. All three approaches ultimately lead to the same fully covariant theory of gravitation with a covariant tensor of energy-momentum of the gravitational field and differential and integral conservation laws. The role of the frames of reference, as distinguished from coordinate systems, is discussed.
description: 6 pages, LaTeX, GR9 Abstract (1980)