cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Shedding Light on the Targeted Victim Profiles of Malicious Downloaders
Creators: name: Labrèche, François
name: Mariconti, Enrico
name: Stringhini, Gianluca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Malware affects millions of users worldwide, impacting the daily lives of many people as well as businesses. Malware infections are increasing in complexity and unfold over a number of stages. A malicious downloader often acts as the starting point as it fingerprints the victim's machine and downloads one or more additional malware payloads. Although previous research was conducted on these malicious downloaders and their Pay-Per-Install networks, limited work has investigated how the profile of the victim machine, e.g., its characteristics and software configuration, affect the targeting choice of cybercriminals. In this paper, we operate a large-scale investigation of the relation between the machine profile and the payload downloaded by droppers, through 151,189 executions of malware downloaders over a period of 12 months. We build a fully automated framework which uses Virtual Machines (VMs) in sandboxes to build custom user and machine profiles to test our malicious samples. We then use changepoint analysis to model the behavior of different downloader families, and perform analyses of variance (ANOVA) on the ratio of infections per profile. With this, we identify which machine profile is targeted by cybercriminals at different points in time. Our results show that a number of downloaders present different behaviors depending on a number of features of a machine. Notably, a higher number of infections for specific malware families were observed when using different browser profiles, keyboard layouts and operating systems, while one keyboard layout obtained fewer infections of a specific malware family. Our findings bring light to the importance of the features of a machine running malicious downloader software, particularly for malware research.
description: Published in the proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Availability, Reliability and Security (ARES '22)
Fundamental limitations in the purifications of tensor networks
Creators: name: Cuevas, G. De las
name: Cubitt, T. S.
name: Cirac, J. I.
name: Wolf, M. M.
name: Pérez-García, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show a fundamental limitation in the description of quantum many-body mixed states with tensor networks in purification form. Namely, we show that there exist mixed states which can be represented as a translationally invariant (TI) matrix product density operator (MPDO) valid for all system sizes, but for which there does not exist a TI purification valid for all system sizes. The proof is based on an undecidable problem and on the uniqueness of canonical forms of matrix product states. The result also holds for classical states.
description: v1: 11 pages, 1 figure. v2: very minor changes. About to appear in Journal of Mathematical Physics
Predicting IMDb Rating of TV Series with Deep Learning: The Case of Arrow
Creators: name: Gomes, Anna Luiza
name: Vianna, Getúlio
name: Escovedo, Tatiana
name: Kalinowski, Marcos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Context: The number of TV series offered nowadays is very high. Due to its large amount, many series are canceled due to a lack of originality that generates a low audience. Problem: Having a decision support system that can show why some shows are a huge success or not would facilitate the choices of renewing or starting a show. Solution: We studied the case of the series Arrow broadcasted by CW Network and used descriptive and predictive modeling techniques to predict the IMDb rating. We assumed that the theme of the episode would affect its evaluation by users, so the dataset is composed only by the director of the episode, the number of reviews that episode got, the percentual of each theme extracted by the Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) model of an episode, the number of viewers from Wikipedia and the rating from IMDb. The LDA model is a generative probabilistic model of a collection of documents made up of words. Method: In this prescriptive research, the case study method was used, and its results were analyzed using a quantitative approach. Summary of Results: With the features of each episode, the model that performed the best to predict the rating was Catboost due to a similar mean squared error of the KNN model but a better standard deviation during the test phase. It was possible to predict IMDb ratings with an acceptable root mean squared error of 0.55.
Search for leptonic charge asymmetry in $t\bar{t}W$ production in final states with three leptons at $\sqrt{s} = 13$ TeV
Creators: name: ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2023
Subjects: charge, asymmetry
top, pair production
higher-order, 1
numerical calculations, Monte Carlo
parton, showers
electroweak interaction, correction
antiquark, pair production
lepton
TeV
muon
quantum chromodynamics
CERN Lab
electron
CERN LHC Coll
rapidity
ATLAS

description: A search for the leptonic charge asymmetry ($A_\text{c}^{\ell}$) of top-quark$-$antiquark pair production in association with a $W$ boson ($t\bar{t}W$) is presented. The search is performed using final states with exactly three charged light leptons (electrons or muons) and is based on $\sqrt{s} = 13$ TeV proton$-$proton collision data collected with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider at CERN during the years 2015$-$2018, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 139 fb$^{-1}$. A profile-likelihood fit to the event yields in multiple regions corresponding to positive and negative differences between the pseudorapidities of the charged leptons from top-quark and top-antiquark decays is used to extract the charge asymmetry. At reconstruction level, the asymmetry is found to be $-0.123 \pm 0.136$ (stat.) $\pm \, 0.051$ (syst.). An unfolding procedure is applied to convert the result at reconstruction level into a charge-asymmetry value in a fiducial volume at particle level with the result of $-0.112 \pm 0.170$ (stat.) $\pm \, 0.054$ (syst.). The Standard Model expectations for these two observables are calculated using Monte Carlo simulations with next-to-leading-order plus parton shower precision in quantum chromodynamics and including next-to-leading-order electroweak corrections. They are $-0.084 \, ^{+0.005}_{-0.003}$ (scale) $\pm\, 0.006$ (MC stat.) and $-0.063 \, ^{+0.007}_{-0.004}$ (scale) $\pm\, 0.004$ (MC stat.) respectively, and in agreement with the measurements.
High entropy van der Waals materials (Review article)
Creators: name: Ying, Tianping
name: Yu, Tongxu
name: Qi, Yanpeng
name: Chen, Xiaolong
name: Hosono, Hideo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By breaking the restrictions on traditional alloying strategy, the high entropy concept has promoted the exploration of the central area of phase space, thus broadening the horizon of alloy exploitation. This review highlights the marriage of the high entropy concept and van der Waals systems to form a new family of materials category, namely the high entropy van der Waals materials (HEX, HE = high entropy, X= anion clusters) and describe the current issues and next challenges. The design strategy for HEX has integrated the local feature (e.g., composition, spin, and valence states) of structural units in high entropy materials and the holistic degrees of freedom (e.g., stacking, twisting, and intercalating species) in van der Waals materials, and has been successfully employed for the discovery of high entropy dichalcogenides, phosphorus tri-chalcogenides, halogens, and MXene. The rich combination and random distribution of the multiple metallic constituents on the nearly-regular 2D lattice give rise to a flexible platform to study the correlation features behind a range of selected physical properties, e.g., superconductivity, magnetism, and metal-insulator transition. The deliberate design of structural units and their stacking configuration can also create novel catalysts to enhance their performance in a bunch of chemical reactions.
description: 25 pages, 15 figures
The VIPERS Multi-Lambda Survey. I. UV and NIR Observations, multi-color catalogues and photometric redshifts
Creators: name: Moutard, T.
name: Arnouts, S.
name: Ilbert, O.
name: Coupon, J.
name: Hudelot, P.
name: Vibert, D.
name: Comte, V.
name: Conseil, S.
name: Davidzon, I.
name: Guzzo, L.
name: Llebaria, A.
name: Martin, C.
name: McCracken, H. J.
name: Milliard, B.
name: Morrison, G. E.
name: Schiminovich, D.
name: Treyer, M.
name: Van Werbaeke, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present observations collected in the CFHTLS-VIPERS region in the ultraviolet (UV) with the GALEX satellite (far and near UV channels) and the near infrared with the CFHT/WIRCam camera ($K_s$-band) over an area of 22 and 27 deg$^2$, respectively. The depth of the photometry was optimized to measure the physical properties (e.g., SFR, stellar masses) of all the galaxies in the VIPERS spectroscopic survey. The large volume explored by VIPERS will enable a unique investigation of the relationship between the galaxy properties and their environment (density field and cosmic web) at high redshift (0.5 < z < 1.2). In this paper, we present the observations, the data reductions and the build-up of the multi-color catalogues. The CFHTLS-T0007 (gri-χ^2) images are used as reference to detect and measure the $K_s$-band photometry, while the T0007 u-selected sources are used as priors to perform the GALEX photometry based on a dedicated software (EMphot). Our final sample reaches $NUV_{AB}$~25 (at 5σ) and $K_{AB}$~22 (at 3σ). The large spectroscopic sample (~51,000 spectroscopic redshifts) allows us to highlight the robustness of our star/galaxy separation, and the reliability of our photometric redshifts with a typical accuracy $σ_z \le$ 0.04 and a catastrophic failure rate η < 2% down to i~23. We present various tests on the $K_s$ band completeness and photometric redshift accuracy by comparing with existing, overlapping deep photometric catalogues. Finally, we discuss the BzK sample of passive and active galaxies at high redshift and the evolution of galaxy morphology in the (NUV-r) vs (r-K_s) diagram at low redshift (z < 0.25) thanks to the high image quality of the CFHTLS. The images, catalogues and photometric redshifts for 1.5 million sources (down to $NUV \le$ 25 or $K_s \le$ 22) are released and available at this URL: http://cesam.lam.fr/vipers-mls/
description: 14 pages, 16 figures. Accepted for publication in A&A. Version to be published
Asymptotically Safe gravity and non-singular inflationary Big Bang with vacuum birth
Creators: name: Kofinas, Georgios
name: Zarikas, Vasilios
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: General non-singular accelerating cosmological solutions for an initial cosmic period of pure vacuum birth era are derived. This vacuum era is described by a varying cosmological "constant" suggested by the Renormalisation Group flow of Asymptotic Safety scenario near the ultraviolet fixed point. In this scenario, natural exit from inflation to the standard decelerating cosmology occurs when the energy scale lowers and the cosmological "constant" becomes insignificant. In the following period where matter is also present, cosmological solutions with characteristics similar to the vacuum case are generated. Remarkably the set of equations allow for particle production and entropy generation. Alternatively, in the case of non-zero bulk viscosity, entropy production and reheating is found. As for the equations of motion, they modify Einstein equations by adding covariant kinetic terms of the cosmological "constant" which respect the Bianchi identities. An advance of the proposed framework is that it ensures a consistent description of both a quantum vacuum birth of the universe and a subsequent cosmic era in the presence of matter.
description: 18 pages, no figures, version to app. in Phys. Rev. D
Topological aspects of nonlinear excitonic processes in noncentrosymmetric crystals
Creators: name: Morimoto, Takahiro
name: Nagaosa, Naoto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study excitonic processes second order in the electric fields in noncentrosymmetric crystals. We derive formulas for shift current and second harmonic generation produced by exciton creation, by using the Floquet formalism combined with the Keldysh Green's function method. It is shown that (i) the steady dc shift current flows by exciton creation without dissociation into free carriers and (ii) second harmonic generation is enhanced at the exciton resonance. The obtained formulas clarify topological aspects of these second order excitonic processes which are described by Berry connections of the relevant valence and conduction bands.
description: 8 pages, 1 figure
Studies in Generalised Metric Spaces
Creators: name: Souppouris, Demetrios John
Publisher: name: London South Bank University
Year: 1973

description: A generalised metric space (∝-metric space) is a metric space where the metric takes its values in an ordered abelian group. In this thesis we give a survey of these spaces, giving particular emphasis to the way in which ordinary metric space theorems have to modified. As this study is a survey, a number of the results are not original but the approach is new. Some results are modifications and/or simplifications of known results. When this is so the original proof will usually be summarised and comparisons made. The main new contributions are the use of the ∝-product to characterize certain ordered abelian groups; the use of the ∝-product in the proof of the topological ∝metrization theorem; and the treatment of the completion of ∝metric spaces. The uniform ∝metrization theorem was proved but it has been discovered that this result has been published recently. In the first chapter we give an introduction and define the basic concepts and then, in the next two chapters, we develop the theory of convergence and the required topological properties. The fourth chapter is devoted to ordered abelian groups and the last two chapters discuss the important question of metrization (uniform and topological respectively).
Diagnostic performance of an in-house multiplex PCR assay and the retrospective surveillance of bacterial respiratory pathogens at a teaching hospital, Kelantan, Malaysia
Creators: name: Zuraina, Nik Mohd Noor Nik
name: Mohamad, Suharni
name: Hasan, Habsah
name: Goni, Mohammed Dauda
name: Suraiya, Siti
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Respiratory tract infections (RTIs), including pneumonia and pulmonary tuberculosis, are among the leading causes of death worldwide. The use of accurate diagnostic tests is crucial to initiate proper treatment and therapy to reduce the mortality rates for RTIs. A PCR assay for simultaneous detection of six respiratory bacteria: Haemophilus influenzae, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae, was developed in our lab. The current study aimed to evaluate the performance of this assay along with the retrospective surveillance of respiratory pathogens at a teaching hospital in Kelantan, Malaysia. Leftover sputa (n = 200) from clinical laboratories were collected and undergone DNA template preparation for PCR analysis. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) of the PCR assay were determined in comparison with the gold standard sputum culture. Overall, the accuracy performance of this assay was 94.67% (95% CI: 90.87% to 97.21%) with sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV of 100%, 91.67%, 87.1% and 100%, respectively. Based on the organisms detected from sputa, K. pneumoniae ranked as the top isolate (n = 48), followed by P. aeruginosa (n = 13) and H. influenzae (n = 10). Surveillance among the patients showed that the associations of bacterial positive with gender and means of acquisition were found significant (p values = 0.049 and 0.001, respectively). Besides the promising performance of this ready-to-use molecular-based assay for the rapid detection of selected bacteria pathogens, this study also highlighted significant spread of K. pneumoniae RTIs in the community.
Bounding Stability Constants for Affinely Parameter-Dependent Operators
Creators: name: O'Connor, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65N12, 65N15 (Primary) 93D05 (Secondary)

description: In this article we introduce new possibilities of bounding the stability constants that play a vital role in the reduced basis method. By bounding stability constants over a neighborhood we make it possible to guarantee stability at more than a finite number of points and to do that in the offline stage. We additionally show that Lyapunov stability of dynamical systems can be handled in the same framework.
description: Accepted version (C. R. Math.), 6 pages, 3 figures
Sci-GaIA Deliverable D4.2 - First Year Events Report
Creators: name: Tiwonge Msulira Banda
name: Rohrer, Chris
Publisher: name: Sci-GaIA Open Access Repository
Year: 2016

description: This deliverable presents the status of the activities of WP4 (Training, dissemination, communication and outreach), Task 4.3 (Workshops)
Prevalence and relative risk of Rotavirus Gastroenteritis in children under five years in Nigeria: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Digwo, Daniel
name: Chidebelu, Paul
name: Ugwu, Kenneth
name: Adediji, Adedapo
name: Farkas, Kata
name: Chigor, Vincent
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Rotavirus is responsible for most cases of gastroenteritis and mortality in children below 5 years of age, especially in developing countries, including Nigeria. Nonetheless, there is limited data on the nationwide estimate for the prevalence of rotavirus. This systematic review and meta-analysis sought to determine the pooled prevalence of rotavirus infections and its relative risk among children below 5 years of age in Nigeria. Eligible published studies between 1982 and 2021 were accessed from ‘PubMed’, ‘Science Direct’, ‘Google Scholar’ and ‘African Journal Online’, ‘Web of Science’, ‘Springer’, ‘Wiley’ were systematically reviewed. The pooled prevalence, relative risk and regional subgroup analyses were calculated using the random effects model at 95% confidence interval (CI). A total of 62 selected studies, including 15 studies case-control studies, were processed in this review from a pooled population of 18,849 children. The nationwide pooled prevalence of rotavirus among children below 5 years of age in Nigeria was 23% (CI 95%; 19–27). Regional subgroup analysis showed that the Southern region had a prevalence of 27% (CI 95%; 21–32) while the Northern region had a 20% (CI 95%; 16–25%) prevalence, although the difference was not significant (P = 0.527). Rotavirus was implicated in most cases of acute gastroenteritis with a relative risk of 5.7 (95% CI: 2.9–11.2). The high prevalence and relative risk of rotavirus infections among children in Nigeria shows that rotavirus is an important cause of acute gastroenteritis in Nigeria. Thus, there is a need for further surveillance, especially at community levels together with the introduction of rotavirus vaccines into the national immunization program.
Timing properties of the X-ray accreting pulsar 1A 0535+262 studied with Insight-HXMT
Creators: name: Wang, P. J.
name: Kong, L. D.
name: Zhang, S.
name: Doroshenko, V.
name: Santangelo, A.
name: Ji, L.
name: Yorgancioglu, E. S.
name: Chen, Y. P.
name: Zhang, S. N.
name: Qu, J. L.
name: Ge, M. Y.
name: Li, J.
name: Chang, Z.
name: Tao, L.
name: Peng, J. Q.
name: Shui, Q. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report results on the timing analysis of the 2020 giant outburst of 1A 0535+262, using broadband data from Insight-HXMT. The analysis of the pulse profile evolution from the sub-critical luminosity to super-critical luminosity regime is presented for the first time. We found that the observed pulse profile exhibits a complex dependence on both energy and luminosity.A dip structure at the energy of the cyclotron resonant scattering features (CRSFs) is found for the first time in the pulse fraction-energy relation of 1A 0535+262, when the outburst evolves in a luminosity range from 4.8 $\times 10^{37}$ erg s$^{-1}$ to 1.0 $\times 10^{38}$ erg s$^{-1}$. The observed structure is luminosity dependent and appears around the source critical luminosity ($\sim$ 6.7 $\times 10^{37}$ erg s$^{-1}$).
SemanticAxis: Exploring Multi-attribute Data by Semantics Construction and Ranking Analysis
Creators: name: Li, Zeyu
name: Zhang, Changhong
name: Zhang, Yi
name: Zhang, Jiawan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Mining the distribution of features and sorting items by combined attributes are two common tasks in exploring and understanding multi-attribute (or multivariate) data. Up to now, few have pointed out the possibility of merging these two tasks into a united exploration context and the potential benefits of doing so. In this paper, we present SemanticAxis, a technique that achieves this goal by enabling analysts to build a semantic vector in two-dimensional space interactively. Essentially, the semantic vector is a linear combination of the original attributes. It can be used to represent and explain abstract concepts implied in local (outliers, clusters) or global (general pattern) features of reduced space, as well as serving as a ranking metric for its defined concepts. In order to validate the significance of combining the above two tasks in multi-attribute data analysis, we design and implement a visual analysis system, in which several interactive components cooperate with SemanticAxis seamlessly and expand its capacity to handle complex scenarios. We prove the effectiveness of our system and the SemanticAxis technique via two practical cases.
An Eyring-Kramers law for the stochastic Allen-Cahn equation in dimension two
Creators: name: Berglund, Nils
name: Di Gesù, Giacomo
name: Weber, Hendrik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 60H15, 35K57 (primary), 81S20, 82C28 (secondary)

description: We study spectral Galerkin approximations of an Allen--Cahn equation over the two-dimensional torus perturbed by weak space-time white noise of strength $\sqrt{\varepsilon}$. We introduce a Wick renormalisation of the equation in order to have a system that is well-defined as the regularisation is removed. We show sharp upper and lower bounds on the transition times from a neighbourhood of the stable configuration $-1$ to the stable configuration $1$ in the asymptotic regime $\varepsilon \to 0$. These estimates are uniform in the discretisation parameter $N$, suggesting an Eyring-Kramers formula for the limiting renormalised stochastic PDE. The effect of the "infinite renormalisation" is to modify the prefactor and to replace the ratio of determinants in the finite-dimensional Eyring-Kramers law by a renormalised Carleman-Fredholm determinant.
description: 28 pages, 1 Figure. Revised version with expanded discussion
Stag hunt game-based approach for cooperative UAVs
Creators: name: Nguyen, L. V.
name: Herrera, I. Torres
name: Le, T. H.
name: Phung, M. D.
name: Aguilera, R. P.
name: Ha, Q. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are being employed in many areas such as photography, emergency, entertainment, defence, agriculture, forestry, mining and construction. Over the last decade, UAV technology has found applications in numerous construction project phases, ranging from site mapping, progress monitoring, building inspection, damage assessments, and material delivery. While extensive studies have been conducted on the advantages of UAVs for various construction-related processes, studies on UAV collaboration to improve the task capacity and efficiency are still scarce. This paper proposes a new cooperative path planning algorithm for multiple UAVs based on the stag hunt game and particle swarm optimization (PSO). First, a cost function for each UAV is defined, incorporating multiple objectives and constraints. The UAV game framework is then developed to formulate the multi-UAV path planning into the problem of finding payoff-dominant equilibrium. Next, a PSO-based algorithm is proposed to obtain optimal paths for the UAVs. Simulation results for a large construction site inspected by three UAVs indicate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm in generating feasible and efficient flight paths for UAV formation during the inspection task.
description: in 2022 Proceedings of 39th International Symposium on Automation and Robotics in Construction, Pages 367-374, Bogot\'a, Colombia, ISBN 978-952-69524-2-0, ISSN 2413-5844
On the Fundamental Theorem of the Theory of Relativity
Creators: name: Mamone-Capria, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A new formulation of what may be called the "fundamental theorem of the theory of relativity" is presented and proved in (3+1)-space-time, based on the full classification of special transformations and the corresponding velocity addition laws. A system of axioms is introduced and discussed leading to the result, and a study is made of several variants of that system. In particular the status of the group axiom is investigated with respect to the condition of the two-way isotropy of light. Several issues which are ignored or misunderstood in the literature are emphasized.
description: in Foundations of Physics (2016)
Taenia solium taeniasis/cysticercosis in Guatemala: a prevalent public health problem?
Creators: name: Hernández-Chea, Roderico David
name: Morales-Ramírez, Paola
name: Hernández, Marisela
name: Toledo, Andrea
name: Hun, Alejandro
name: Sciutto, Edda
name: Fleury, Agnès
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: In Guatemala, neurocysticercosis (NCC) was first recognized in 1940; since then, cases of NCC have been reported in all Guatemalan departments. However, epidemiological studies on Taenia solium infections are scarce and most information remains unpublished. This study aims to provide evidence of T. solium infections as a public health problem in Guatemala. All information available, either published or unpublished, on T. solium infections in the country was compiled. Official data from the Ministry of Health for the period 2003–2019 were reviewed and analyzed, and all cases of T. solium infections were classified and counted. In total, 5246 cases of taeniasis and 454 cases of human cysticercosis were recorded. On the other hand, 44 studies were identified, mostly from local journals, which included 1951 cases of taeniasis, 2873 cases of human cysticercosis of which 543 were classified with complete diagnosis, and 2590 cases of porcine cysticercosis. Cases were classified by geographic region, patient sex, and Taenia species in taeniasis cases when information was available, and the departments with the highest number of taeniasis and cysticercosis cases were identified. Meanwhile, in Zacapa, a northeastern department of Guatemala with one the highest number of taeniasis cases, a young man diagnosed with a severe form of NCC and two cases of porcine cysticercosis (both confirmed by necropsy) were identified. Taken together, the data herein reported indicate that T. solium infections are a major health problem in Guatemala that needs to be addressed.
Mediävistik und evangelikale Kirchengeschichtsschreibung
Creators: name: Padberg, Lutz Von
Publisher: name: Jahrbuch für evangelikale Theologie
Year: 2025

description: 1822881676
description: Jahrbuch für evangelikale Theologie, V. 5 (1991): Jahrbuch für evangelikale Theologie, Band 5
Billion-user Customer Lifetime Value Prediction: An Industrial-scale Solution from Kuaishou
Creators: name: Li, Kunpeng
name: Shao, Guangcui
name: Yang, Naijun
name: Fang, Xiao
name: Song, Yang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Customer Life Time Value (LTV) is the expected total revenue that a single user can bring to a business. It is widely used in a variety of business scenarios to make operational decisions when acquiring new customers. Modeling LTV is a challenging problem, due to its complex and mutable data distribution. Existing approaches either directly learn from posterior feature distributions or leverage statistical models that make strong assumption on prior distributions, both of which fail to capture those mutable distributions. In this paper, we propose a complete set of industrial-level LTV modeling solutions. Specifically, we introduce an Order Dependency Monotonic Network (ODMN) that models the ordered dependencies between LTVs of different time spans, which greatly improves model performance. We further introduce a Multi Distribution Multi Experts (MDME) module based on the Divide-and-Conquer idea, which transforms the severely imbalanced distribution modeling problem into a series of relatively balanced sub-distribution modeling problems hence greatly reduces the modeling complexity. In addition, a novel evaluation metric Mutual Gini is introduced to better measure the distribution difference between the estimated value and the ground-truth label based on the Lorenz Curve. The ODMN framework has been successfully deployed in many business scenarios of Kuaishou, and achieved great performance. Extensive experiments on real-world industrial data demonstrate the superiority of the proposed methods compared to state-of-the-art baselines including ZILN and Two-Stage XGBoost models.
description: Accepted by CIKM 2022, 9 pages
Non-standard charged Higgs decay at the LHC in Next-to-Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model
Creators: name: Bandyopadhyay, Priyotosh
name: Huitu, Katri
name: Niyogi, Saurabh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider next-to-minimal supersymmetric standard model (NMSSM) which has a gauge singlet superfield. In the scale invariant superpotential we do not have the mass terms and the whole Lagrangian has an additional $Z_3$ symmetry. This model can have light scalar and/or pseudoscalar allowed by the recent data from LHC and the old data from LEP. We investigate the situation where a relatively light charged Higgs can decay to such singlet-like pseudoscalar and a $W^\pm$ boson giving rise to final state containing $τ$ and/or $b$-jets and lepton(s). Such decay evades the recent bounds on charged Higgs from the LHC. According to our PYTHIA-FastJet based simulation such a scenario can be probed with early data of 10 fb$^{-1}$ at the LHC center of mass energy of 13 and 14 TeV.
description: 22 pages, 15 figures
Holographic Consistency and the Sign of the Gauss-Bonnet Parameter
Creators: name: Ong, Yen Chin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: If Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity is obtained as a low energy limit of string theory, then the Gauss-Bonnet parameter $α$ is essentially the inverse string tension and thus necessarily positive. If one treats Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity as a modified theory of gravity in the anti-de Sitter bulk in the bottom-up approach of holography, then there is no obvious restriction on the sign of the parameter a priori, though various studies involving boundary causality have restricted the possible range of $α$. In this short note, we argue that if holographic descriptions are to be consistent, then the Gauss-Bonnet parameter has to be positive. This follows from a geometric consistency condition in the Euclidean picture. From the Lorentzian signature perspective, black holes with a negative $α$ lead to uncontrolled brane nucleation in the bulk and so the supposedly static geometry is untenable. In fact, even the ground state without a black hole is problematic. In other words, the bottom-up approach agrees with the top-down approach on the sign of the parameter. Some possible loopholes of the conclusion are discussed.
Neural Parametric Mixtures for Path Guiding
Creators: name: Dong, Honghao
name: Wang, Guoping
name: Li, Sheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Previous path guiding techniques typically rely on spatial subdivision structures to approximate directional target distributions, which may cause failure to capture spatio-directional correlations and introduce parallax issue. In this paper, we present Neural Parametric Mixtures (NPM), a neural formulation to encode target distributions for path guiding algorithms.
 We propose to use a continuous and compact neural implicit representation for encoding parametric models while decoding them via lightweight neural networks.
 We then derive a gradient-based optimization strategy to directly train the parameters of NPM with noisy Monte Carlo radiance estimates.
 Our approach efficiently models the target distribution (incident radiance or the product integrand) for path guiding, and outperforms previous guiding methods by capturing the spatio-directional correlations more accurately.
 Moreover, our approach is more training efficient and is practical for parallelization on modern GPUs.
description: This paper has been published in ACM SIGGRAPH'23 proceedings. This version is a preprint one
Non-linear dynamics induced by linear wave interactions in multi-layered flows
Creators: name: Guha, Anirban
name: Udwadia, Firdaus E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using simple kinematics, we propose a general theory of linear wave interactions between the interfacial waves of a two dimensional (2D), inviscid, multi-layered fluid system. The strength of our formalism is that one does not have to specify the physics of the waves in advance. Wave interactions may lead to instabilities, which may or may not be of the familiar "normal-mode" type. Contrary to intuition, the underlying dynamical system describing linear wave interactions is found to be non-linear. Specifically, a saw-tooth jet profile with three interfaces possessing kinematic and geometric symmetry is explored. Fixed points of the system for different ranges of a Froude number like control parameter $γ$ are derived, and their stability evaluated. Depending upon the initial condition and $γ$, the dynamical system may reveal transient growth, weakly positive Lyapunov exponents, as well as different non-linear phenomena such as formation of periodic and pseudo-periodic orbits. All these occur for those ranges of $γ$ where normal-mode theory predicts neutral stability. Such rich non-linear phenomena is not observed in 2D dynamical system resulting from the $2$-wave problem, which only reveals stable and unstable nodes.
The Fidelity-based Presence Scale (FPS): Modeling the Effects of Fidelity on Sense of Presence
Creators: name: Belga, Jacob
name: Skarbez, Richard
name: Hmaiti, Yahya
name: Chen, Eric J.
name: McMahan, Ryan P.
name: LaViola, Joseph J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Within the virtual reality (VR) research community, there have been several efforts to develop questionnaires with the aim of better understanding the sense of presence. Despite having numerous surveys, the community does not have a questionnaire that informs which components of a VR application contributed to the sense of presence. Furthermore, previous literature notes the absence of consensus on which questionnaire or questions should be used. Therefore, we conducted a Delphi study, engaging presence experts to establish a consensus on the most important presence questions and their respective verbiage. We then conducted a validation study with an exploratory factor analysis (EFA). The efforts between our two studies led to the creation of the Fidelity-based Presence Scale (FPS). With our consensus-driven approach and fidelity-based factoring, we hope the FPS will enable better communication within the research community and yield important future results regarding the relationship between VR system fidelity and presence.
PREVALENCE AND RELATIVE RISK OF ROTAVIRUS GASTROENTERITIS IN CHILDREN UNDER FIVE YEARS IN NIGERIA: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS
Creators: name: Digwo, Daniel
name: Chidebelu, Paul
name: Ugwu, Kenneth
name: Adediji, Adedapo
name: Farkas, Kata
name: Chigor, Vincent
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Rotavirus is responsible for most cases of gastroenteritis and mortality in children below 5 years of age, especially in developing countries, including Nigeria. Nonetheless, there is limited data on the nationwide estimate for the prevalence of rotavirus. This systematic review and meta-analysis sought to determine the pooled prevalence of rotavirus infections and its relative risk among children below 5 years of age in Nigeria. Eligible published studies between 1982 and 2021 were accessed from ‘PubMed’, ‘Science Direct’, ‘Google Scholar’ and ‘African Journal Online’, ‘Web of Science’, ‘Springer’, ‘Wiley’ were systematically reviewed. The pooled prevalence, relative risk and regional subgroup analyses were calculated using the random effects model at 95% confidence interval (CI). A total of 62 selected studies, including 15 studies case-control studies, were processed in this review from a pooled population of 18,849 children. The nationwide pooled prevalence of rotavirus among children below 5 years of age in Nigeria was 23% (CI 95%; 19–27). Regional subgroup analysis showed that the Southern region had a prevalence of 27% (CI 95%; 21–32) while the Northern region had a 20% (CI 95%; 16–25%) prevalence, although the difference was not significant (P = 0.527). Rotavirus was implicated in most cases of acute gastroenteritis with a relative risk of 5.7 (95% CI: 2.9–11.2). The high prevalence and relative risk of rotavirus infections among children in Nigeria shows that rotavirus is an important cause of acute gastroenteritis in Nigeria. Thus, there is a need for further surveillance, especially at community levels together with the introduction of rotavirus vaccines into the national immunization program.
The Electronics and Data Acquisition System for the PandaX-I Dark Matter Experiment
Creators: name: Ren, Xiangxiang
name: Chen, Xun
name: Ji, Xiangdong
name: Li, Shaoli
name: Lei, Siao
name: Liu, Jianglai
name: Wang, Meng
name: Xiao, Mengjiao
name: Xie, Pengwei
name: Yan, Binbin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe the electronics and data acquisition system used in the first phase of the PandaX experiment -- a 120 kg dual-phase liquid xenon dark matter direct detection experiment in the China Jin-Ping Underground Laboratory. This system utilized 180 channels of commercial flash ADC waveform digitizers. This system achieved low trigger threshold ($
description: 12 pages, 6 figures, version as accepted by JINST
Peeling off the late Universe: Reconstructing the ISW map with galaxy surveys
Creators: name: Muir, Jessica
name: Huterer, Dragan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Integrated Sachs-Wolfe (ISW) effect is a large-angle modulation of the cosmic microwave background (CMB), generated when CMB photons traverse evolving potential wells associated with large scale structure (LSS). Recent efforts have been made to reconstruct maps of the ISW signal using information from surveys of galaxies and other LSS tracers, but investigation into how survey systematics affect their reliability has so far been limited. Using simulated ISW and LSS maps, we study the impact of galaxy survey properties and systematic errors on the accuracy of reconstructed ISW signal. We find that systematics that affect the observed distribution of galaxies along the line of sight, such as photo-z and bias-evolution related errors, have a relatively minor impact on reconstruction quality. In contrast, however, we find that direction-dependent calibration errors can be very harmful. Specifically, we find that in order to avoid significant degradation of our reconstruction quality statistics, direction-dependent number density fluctuations due to systematics must be controlled so that their variance is smaller than $10^{-6}$ (which corresponds to a 0.1% calibration). Additionally, we explore the implications of our results for attempts to use reconstructed ISW maps to shed light on the origin of large-angle CMB alignments. We find that there is only a weak correlation between the true and reconstructed angular momentum dispersion, which quantifies alignment, even for reconstructed ISW maps which are fairly accurate overall.
description: 21 pages, 16 figures, comments welcome. Code available at https://github.com/jessmuir/isw_reconstr . Minor edits to match published version
Qubit transient dynamics at tunneling Fermi-edge singularity
Creators: name: Ponomarenko, V. V.
name: Larkin, I. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider tunneling of spinless electrons from a single channel emitter into an empty collector through an interacting resonant level of the quantum dot. When all Coulomb screening of sudden charge variations of the dot during the tunneling is realized by the emitter channel, the system is described with an exactly solvable model of a dissipative qubit. We derive the correspondent Bloch equation for its quantum evolution. We further use it to specify the qubit transient dynamics towards its stationary quantum state after sudden change of the level position. We demonstrate that the time-dependent tunneling current characterizing this dynamics exhibits an oscillating behavior for a wide range of the model parameters.
description: final version published in EPL with minor corrections of the language, added reference, 5 pages, 2 figs
"Wie kommen wir zu christlichen ethischen Entscheidungen?"
Creators: name: Runia, Klaas
Publisher: name: Jahrbuch für evangelikale Theologie
Year: 2025

description: 1822881102
description: Jahrbuch für evangelikale Theologie, V. 5 (1991): Jahrbuch für evangelikale Theologie, Band 5
Glaube als unbedingtes Vertrauen im Neuen Testament
Creators: name: Schnabel, Eckhard J.
Publisher: name: Jahrbuch für evangelikale Theologie
Year: 2025

description: 1650137427
description: Jahrbuch für evangelikale Theologie, V. 5 (1991): Jahrbuch für evangelikale Theologie, Band 5
Universal trade-off relation between power and efficiency for heat engines
Creators: name: Shiraishi, Naoto
name: Saito, Keiji
name: Tasaki, Hal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For a general thermodynamic system described as a Markov process, we prove a general lower bound for dissipation in terms of the square of the heat current, thus establishing that nonvanishing current inevitably implies dissipation. This leads to a universal trade-off relation between efficiency and power, with which we rigorously prove that a heat engine with nonvanishing power never attains the Carnot efficiency. Our theory applies to systems arbitrarily far from equilibrium, and does not assume any specific symmetry of the model.
description: 15 pages, 2 figures. This paper is a revised version of https://arxiv.org/abs/1602.03645, now withdrawn
Communication capacity of mixed quantum t designs
Creators: name: Brandsen, Sarah
name: Dall'Arno, Michele
name: Szymusiak, Anna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We operationally introduce mixed quantum t-designs as the most general arbitrary-rank extension of projective quantum t-designs which preserves indistinguishability from the uniform distribution for t copies. First, we derive upper bounds on the classical communication capacity of any mixed t-design measurement for t in [1,5]. Second, we explicitly compute the classical communication capacity of several mixed t-design measurements, including the depolarized version of any qubit and qutrit symmetric, informationally complete (SIC) measurement and complete mutually unbiased bases, the qubit icosahedral measurement, the Hoggar SIC measurement, any anti-SIC (where each element is proportional to the projector on the subspace orthogonal to one of the elements of the original SIC), and the uniform distribution over pure effects.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures, improved presentation, published version