cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The VLA-COSMOS 3~GHz Large Project: Cosmic evolution of radio AGN and implications for radio-mode feedback since z~5
Creators: name: Smolcic, V.
name: Novak, M.
name: Delvecchio, I.
name: Ceraj, L.
name: Bondi, M.
name: Delhaize, J.
name: Marchesi, S.
name: Murphy, E.
name: Schinnerer, E.
name: Vardoulaki, E.
name: Zamorani, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on a sample of over 1,800 radio AGN at redshifts out to z~5, which have typical stellar masses within ~3x(10^{10}-10^{11}) Msol, and 3 GHz radio data in the COSMOS field, we derived the 1.4 GHz radio luminosity functions for radio AGN (L_1.4GHz ~ 10^{22}-10^{27} W/Hz) out to z~5. We constrained the evolution of this population via continuous models of pure density and pure luminosity evolutions, and we found best-fit parametrizations of Phi*~(1+z)^{(2.00+/-0.18)-(0.60+/-0.14)z}, and L*~(1+z)^{(2.88+/-0.82)-(0.84+/-0.34)z}, respectively, with a turnover in number and luminosity densities of the population at z~1.5. We converted 1.4 GHz luminosity to kinetic luminosity taking uncertainties of the scaling relation used into account. We thereby derived the cosmic evolution of the kinetic luminosity density provided by the AGN and compared this luminosity density to the radio-mode AGN feedback assumed in the Semi-Analytic Galaxy Evolution (SAGE) model, i.e., to the redshift evolution of the central supermassive black hole accretion luminosity taken in the model as the source of heating that offsets the energy losses of the cooling, hot halo gas, and thereby limits further stellar mass growth of massive galaxies. We find that the kinetic luminosity exerted by our radio AGN may be high enough to balance the radiative cooling of the hot gas at each cosmic epoch since z~5. However, although our findings support the idea of radio-mode AGN feedback as a cosmologically relevant process in massive galaxy formation, many simplifications in both the observational and semi-analytic approaches still remain and need to be resolved before robust conclusions can be reached.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures, 2 tables, to appear in A&A
Periapical Tooth Root Infections in Llainas and Alpacas
Creators: name: Anderson, David E.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 2009

description: Abscesses around the head and neck are increasingly recognized in South American camelids residing on farms in North America. Although many abscesses are confined to the soft tissues, some originate from the mandibular or maxillary bones. Mandibular and maxillary bone infections may be caused by trauma (e.g. resulting in bone sequestra), infection of a tooth, or hematogenous spread of bacteria (e.g. mandibular osteomyelitis).
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2009
Surgical Management of Reproductive Emergencies
Creators: name: Anderson, David E.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 2009

description: Birthing in llamas and alpacas is a rapid process. Studies in South America documented that> 80% of crias (neonatal llama or alpaca) are born between 6 am and 1 pm. Stage II labor ( expulsion of the cria) occurs over a period of 10 to 15 minutes (range, six to 47 minutes). Dystocia is an uncommon event in llamas and alpacas. Studies in South America found that dystocia in alpacas (1660 birthings observed) occurred in 1.6% of birthings and that 25% of these occurred in primiparous females. Data in a smaller number of llamas (234 birthings observed) demonstrated dystocia in only one female (0.4%). Interestingly, causes of dystocia differ in South America and North America. Uterine torsion is rarely found in descriptions of dystocia in South America. Causes of dystocia in these populations include fetal malpositioning, with 30% of those occurring with the fetus in a posterior presentation and 70% in anterior presentation. Markedly less information is available documenting causes of dystocia in North American herds. What data is available seems to indicate that uterine torsion is a common cause for veterinary intervention of dystocia. The author's opinion is that fetal malpositioning is associated with the majority of dystocia in llamas and alpacas and that uterine torsion is over-represented in the literature, because these cases are more likely to be presented to teaching hospitals for treatment.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2009
Enterotoxemia of Sinall Ruminants
Creators: name: Van Metre, David C.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 2009

description: Enterotoxemia is a common, frequently fatal disease of small ruminants caused by enteric superinfection with Clostridium perfringens. C. perfringens type C causes hemorrhagic enteritis of lambs. Type D causes colitis in goats and rapidly progressive, multi-organ failure in sheep, characterized by recumbency, convulsions, and opisthotonus. Prevention of enterotoxemia requires careful attention to feeding practices such that sudden ingestion of large quantities of concentrates or protein does not occur. Diligent vaccination is the cornerstone to enterotoxemia prevention; however, sheep and goats differ in their immune responses to conventional vaccines, and different vaccination regimens are necessary for these two species.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2009
Reconsidering holographic dark energy in Brans–Dicke theory.
Creators: name: Pinki
name: Kumar, Pankaj
name: Beesham, Aroonkumar
Publisher: name: Mangosuthu University of Technology (MUT)
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 490199
subject: Applied mathematics not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 490301
subject: Experimental mathematics

description: In this paper, we reconsider the concept of holo?graphic dark energy in the framework of Brans–Dicke theory in the formalism of the flat Friedmann–Lemaitre–Robertson– Walker metric. Firstly, we demonstrate how the assumption φ ∝ an, where φ and a stand for the Brans–Dicke scalar field and scale factor, respectively, naturally leads to a constant deceleration parameter, irrespective of the energy content of the universe. Secondly, we consider interacting holographic dark energy with Hubble horizon as IR cut-off, and find the value of the Hubble parameter and corresponding value of the scale factor. Further, we find the value of the Brans– Dicke scalar field φ for the obtained value of the Hubble parameter and holographic dark energy. We obtain the corre?sponding value of the deceleration parameter and show that it can explain the phase transition of the universe. More?over, statefinder diagnostics has been applied to compare the model with existing models. On the other hand, we consider the viscous behavior of holographic dark energy and show that the viscous holographic dark energy can play the role of interacting holographic dark energy as it is able to explain the phase transition of the universe. Further, we find the value of the Brans–Dicke scalar field φ for this viscous holographic dark energy. In this model also, we apply the statefinder diag?nostic.
Random hyperbolic surfaces of large genus have first eigenvalues greater than $\frac{3}{16}-ε$
Creators: name: Wu, Yunhui
name: Xue, Yuhao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $M_g$ be the moduli space of hyperbolic surfaces of genus $g$ endowed with the Weil-Petersson metric. In this paper, we show that for any $ε>0$, as genus $g$ goes to infinity, a generic surface $X\in M_g$ satisfies that the first eigenvalue $λ_1(X)>\frac{3}{16}-ε$. As an application, we also show that a generic surface $X\in M_g$ satisfies that the diameter $\mathrm{diam}(X)
description: Geometric and Functional Analysis (GAFA), to appear
Probing non-linearity of higher order anisotropic flow in Pb--Pb collisions
Creators: name: Zhou, You
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The second and the third order anisotropic flow, $V_{2}$ and $V_3$, are determined by the corresponding initial spatial anisotropy coefficients, $\varepsilon_{2}$ and $\varepsilon_{3}$, in the initial density distribution. On the contrary, the higher order anisotropic flow $V_n$ ($n > 3$), in addition to their dependence on the same order initial anisotropy coefficient $\varepsilon_{n}$, have a significant contribution from lower order initial anisotropy coefficients, which leads to mode-coupling effects. In this contribution, we present the investigations on linear and non-linear modes in higher order anisotropic flow ($V_{4}$, $V_{5}$ and $V_{6}$) in Pb--Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}} =$ 2.76 TeV using the ALICE detector at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). A significant contribution from a non-linear mode is observed. A new observable, the non-linear response coefficient, is measured as well. The comparison to theoretical calculations provides crucial information on dynamic of the created system especially at the freeze-out conditions, which are poorly known from previous flow measurements.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, XXVIth International Conference on Ultrarelativistic Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions (Quark Matter 2017), Chicago, US
Scatter Radio Receivers for Extended Range Environmental Sensing WSNs
Creators: name: Alevizos, Panos N.
name: Bletsas, Aggelos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Backscatter communication, relying on the reflection principle, constitutes a promising-enabling technology for lowcost, large-scale, ubiquitous sensor networking. This work makes an overview of the state-of-the-art coherent and noncoherent scatter radio receivers that account for the peculiar signal model consisting of several microwave and communication parameters.
Probing quantum information propagation with out-of-time-ordered correlators
Creators: name: Braumüller, Jochen
name: Karamlou, Amir H.
name: Yanay, Yariv
name: Kannan, Bharath
name: Kim, David
name: Kjaergaard, Morten
name: Melville, Alexander
name: Niedzielski, Bethany M.
name: Sung, Youngkyu
name: Vepsäläinen, Antti
name: Winik, Roni
name: Yoder, Jonilyn L.
name: Orlando, Terry P.
name: Gustavsson, Simon
name: Tahan, Charles
name: Oliver, William D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Interacting many-body quantum systems show a rich array of physical phenomena and dynamical properties, but are notoriously difficult to study: they are challenging analytically and exponentially difficult to simulate on classical computers. Small-scale quantum information processors hold the promise to efficiently emulate these systems, but characterizing their dynamics is experimentally challenging, requiring probes beyond simple correlation functions and multi-body tomographic methods. Here, we demonstrate the measurement of out-of-time-ordered correlators (OTOCs), one of the most effective tools for studying quantum system evolution and processes like quantum thermalization. We implement a 3x3 two-dimensional hard-core Bose-Hubbard lattice with a superconducting circuit, study its time-reversibility by performing a Loschmidt echo, and measure OTOCs that enable us to observe the propagation of quantum information. A central requirement for our experiments is the ability to coherently reverse time evolution, which we achieve with a digital-analog simulation scheme. In the presence of frequency disorder, we observe that localization can partially be overcome with more particles present, a possible signature of many-body localization in two dimensions.
title: Pelagic fisheries study using GIS and Remote Sensing imagery in Galicia (Spain)
Creators: name: Palenzuela, Jesús M. Torres
name: Iglesias, Gema Martínez
name: Vilas., Luis González
Publisher: name: ASC 2004 - P - Theme session
Year: 2024
Subjects: Technologies and data
Ecosystem observation, processes and dynamics

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.This paper presents results from the Local Study Project for Galicia area under the title “Forecasting system for fishing effort in Galician craft fleet'. The Galician region occupies the north-western part of Spain, west and north bounded by the Atlantic Ocean. Despite his 'lack' of continental platform, the coast of Galicia has a high productivity. The high productivity of the Galician coast is a logical consequence of his western oceanic bound together with the seasonal northward winds, generating strong upwellings of rich nutrients cold waters along the period from May to September.The study has targeted boats using the ports of Vigo, Bueu, Marín, Ribeira, Muros and Coruña. Trawlers targeting pelagic fish were the first target. The observers have collected fishery, biological and environmental information in situ. They have reported specific data for each trip, such as catch and discards by species, effort, weather conditions, or sea status. With this aim, a navigational and by-catch fisheries database was built and integrated into a GIS, together with processed sea surface temperature images from AVHRR (Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer) sensor and chlorophyll-a concentration indexes (from SeaWiFS) from RSDAS at Plymouth Marine Laboratory (PML).
An eLIMA model for the 67 s X-ray periodicity in CAL 83
Creators: name: Odendaal, A.
name: Meintjes, P. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Supersoft X-ray sources (SSSs) are characterized by their low effective temperatures and high X-ray luminosities. The soft X-ray emission can be explained by hydrogen nuclear burning on the surface of a white dwarf (WD) accreting at an extremely high rate. A peculiar 67 s periodicity (P67) was previously discovered in the XMM-Newton light curves of the SSS CAL 83. P67 was detected in X-ray light curves spanning 9 years, but exhibits variability of several seconds on time-scales as short as a few hours, and its properties are remarkably similar to those of dwarf nova oscillations (DNOs). DNOs are short time-scale modulations often observed in dwarf novae during outburst. DNOs are explained by the well established low-inertia mag- netic accretor (LIMA) model. In this paper, we show that P67 and its associated period variability can be satisfactorily explained by an application of the LIMA model to the more extreme environment in a SSS (eLIMA), contrary to another recent study at- tempting to explain P67 and its associated variability in terms of non-radial g-mode oscillations in the extended envelope of the rapidly accreting white dwarf in CAL 83. In the eLIMA model, P67 originates in an equatorial belt in the WD envelope at the boundary with the inner accretion disc, with the belt weakly coupled to the WD core by a 100 000 G magnetic field. New optical light curves obtained with the Sutherland High-speed Optical Camera (SHOC) are also presented, exhibiting quasi-periodic modulations on time-scales of 1000 s, compatible with the eLIMA framework.
description: 13 pages, 2 tables and 6 figures. Accepted for publication by MNRAS-Main Journal, 24 January 2017
Solar reflection of light dark matter with heavy mediators
Creators: name: Emken, Timon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The direct detection of sub-GeV dark matter particles is hampered by their low energy deposits. If the maximum deposit allowed by kinematics falls below the energy threshold of a direct detection experiment, it is unable to detect these light particles. Mechanisms that boost particles from the galactic halo can therefore extend the sensitivity of terrestrial direct dark matter searches to lower masses. Sub-GeV and sub-MeV dark matter particles can be efficiently accelerated by colliding with thermal nuclei and electrons of the solar plasma respectively. This process is called 'solar reflection'. In this paper, we present a comprehensive study of solar reflection via electron and/or nuclear scatterings using Monte Carlo simulations of dark matter trajectories through the Sun. We study the properties of the boosted dark matter particles, obtain exclusion limits based on various experiments probing both electron and nuclear recoils, and derive projections for future detectors. In addition, we find and quantify a novel, distinct annual modulation signature of a potential solar reflection signal which critically depends on the anisotropies of the boosted dark matter flux ejected from the Sun. Along with this paper, we also publish the corresponding research software.
description: 34 pages, 18 figures, 3 appendices. The simulation code is available under https://github.com/temken/DaMaSCUS-SUN and version 0.1.1 is archived under https://zenodo.org/record/5957388 . v2: Matches the version published in PRD
Additional file 1: of Incidence of childhood overweight and obesity and its association with weight-related attitudes and behaviors in China: a national longitudinal study
Creators: name: Cai, Li
name: Dai, Meixia
name: Lin, Lizi
name: Yang, Wenhan
name: Chen, Yajun
name: Ma, Jun
name: Jing, Jin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Cumulative incidence of overweight and obesity among children by sex and age. (DOCX 34 kb)
A Practitioner Approach to Consulting and Monitoring a Dairy Heifer Replacement Operation
Creators: name: Goodell, Gregory M.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 2009

description: This paper is a review of this practitioner's approach to consulting and monitoring dairy heifer replacement programs. It begins by covering key areas of veterinary involvement such as vaccinology, reproduction, health management, and monitoring as it encompasses the life cycle of a custom-raised heifer. Within each of these areas, examples are provided to show how data is collected, analyzed, and reported. The goal of this article is to provide practitioners new to replacement heifer operations a baseline for which to build their own consulting business.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2009
Wealth dynamics in a sentiment-driven market
Creators: name: Goykhman, Mikhail
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Trading and Market Microstructure (q-fin.TR)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: We study dynamics of a simulated world with stock and money, driven by the externally given processes which we refer to as sentiments. The considered sentiments influence the buy/sell stock trading attitude, the perceived price uncertainty, and the trading intensity of all or a part of the market participants. We study how the wealth of market participants evolves in time in such an environment. We discuss the opposite perspective in which the parameters of the sentiment processes can be inferred a posteriori from the observed market behavior.
description: Stock exchange implementation is available here: https://github.com/Goykhman/Stock_exchange
Pre-harvest Feeding, Feeding Duration, and Inclusion of a β-agonist on Market Dairy Cow Feedlot Performance and Carcass Characteristics
Creators: name: Ewing, A. E.
name: Ahola, J. K.
name: Doumit, M. E.
name: Hunt, C. W.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 2009

description: The objectives of this experiment were to evaluate the effects of pre-harvest feeding, feeding duration, and use of a beta agonist (zilpaterol hydrochloride) on market dairy cow feedlot performance and carcass characteristics. The experiment was set up in a randomized block design, with pen as the experimental unit. A total of 160 lactating market dairy cows (already culled from herds) were used for the project. Cattle were assigned to one of the following five treatments: harvest immediately on day 0 (Con), feed for 70 days without zilpaterol (70no), feed for 70 days with zilpaterol from day 4 7 to day 67 (70zil), feed for 105 days without zilpaterol (105no), and feed for 105 days with zilpaterol from day 82 to day 102 (105zil). Cattle were fed in a commercial feedlot in southern Idaho and received a high concentrate potato by-product- based ration. There was a feeding duration length x zilpaterol interaction (P < 0.005) for final body weight (BW). The 70no, 70zil, and 105no cows had greater (P < 0.05) final BW compared to control cows, while 105zil cows had greater (P < 0.05) final BW compared to control and all other fed treatments. The effect of zilpaterol supplementation on average daily gain (ADG) was inconsistent, since 105zil cows had a greater (P < 0.05) ADG vs. 105no cows, yetADG was not different (P > 0.10) among 70no and 70zil cows. No differences were observed (P > 0.10) for the feed-to-gain ratio from the main effects of feeding length or zilpaterol supplementation. Final hot carcass weight (HCW) was greater (P < 0.0001) among fed compared to control cows, and cows receiving zilpaterol had greater (P < 0.03) HCW than cows not receiving a B-agonist. Measured ribeye area (REA) was greater among fed (P < 0.001) compared to control cows and also greater (P < 0.01) among cows receiving zilpaterol compared to no zilpaterol. The effects of feeding duration and zilpaterol supplementation on feedlot performance and carcass characteristics were inconsistent.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2009
title: Historical fluctuation in spawning of anchovy (Engraulis encrasicolus) and sardine (Sardina pilchardus) in the Bay of Biscay from 1967 to 2004
Creators: name: Bellier, Edwige
name: Planque, Benjamin
name: Petitgas, Pierre
Publisher: name: ASC 2004 - Q - Theme session
Year: 2024
Subjects: Ecosystem observation, processes and dynamics
Bay of Biscay and the Iberian Coast (ICES Ecoregion)

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.The spatial extent of small pelagic fish spawning habitat is influenced by environmental factors (biotic and abiotic) and by the state of the adult population, and in return affects recruitment and therefore the future structure of adult population. Hence it is necessary to describe interannual variability of spawning habitats and to characterise long term changes in the spatial distribution of eggs of small pelagic fish. This study describes the evolution of spatial distribution of eggs of two commercial species in the Bay of Biscay: anchovy (Engraulis encrasicolus) and sardine (Sardina pilchardus). Fish eggs data were collected in the Bay of Biscay from 1967 to 1972, and from 2000 to 2004. Using geostatistical analyses, spatial distribution of anchovy and sardine eggs are analysed for each survey. Maps of probability of egg presence are generated. This allows to determine realised spawning habitats for the two periods of study, and to define persistent spawning areas, occasional spawning areas, and unfavourable spawning areas The interannual and interdecadal variability of the spatial distribution of anchovy and sardine eggs is characterised. Sardine spawning habitat is fragmented and appears spatially limited by the presence of the cold pool and confined to coastal or shelf break refuge area in years of restricted spawning extent. Anchovy persistent spawning habitat occur in Gironde and Adour estuaries, which constitute refuges, but can extend offshore in years of more intense spawning. For both species, the mean pattern of spawning has changed between 1967-72 and 2000-04. Particularly anchovy population which expended northward. This trend is possibly a result of changes in environmental conditions. Further investigation on potential spawning habitat will permit the assessment of the impact of oceanographic conditions in the Bay of Biscay and of future climate change on the spatial spawning dynamics of anchovy and sardine.
Mycoplasmas and the Dairy Industry
Creators: name: Rosenbusch, Ricardo F.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 2009

description: Mycoplasmal infections are of significant concern to dairy producers, and their concerns have energized changes in diagnosis, control, and prevention of the infections. Since management practices have significant impact on these infections, these practices need to be evaluated and adjustments made to coordinate them with the health measures to be applied. In this presentation, a historical and current review of health measures applied to mycoplasmal infections is extended with a look forward to future needs in this area. Deficiencies in the application of control measures are highlighted, and opportunities for better interventions are surveyed.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2009
Carnet nº 25, commencé à Saïgon (p. 3)
Creators: name: Péraire, Lucien
name: CNRS
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2023

description: created: 13-12-1931
A subset multicanonical Monte Carlo method for simulating rare failure events
Creators: name: Chen, Xinjuan
name: Li, Jinglai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Estimating failure probabilities of engineering systems is an important problem in many engineering fields. In this work we consider such problems where the failure probability is extremely small (e.g $\leq10^{-10}$). In this case, standard Monte Carlo methods are not feasible due to the extraordinarily large number of samples required. To address these problems, we propose an algorithm that combines the main ideas of two very powerful failure probability estimation approaches: the subset simulation (SS) and the multicanonical Monte Carlo (MMC) methods. Unlike the standard MMC which samples in the entire domain of the input parameter in each iteration, the proposed subset MMC algorithm adaptively performs MMC simulations in a subset of the state space and thus improves the sampling efficiency. With numerical examples we demonstrate that the proposed method is significantly more efficient than both of the SS and the MMC methods. Moreover, the proposed algorithm can reconstruct the complete distribution function of the parameter of interest and thus can provide more information than just the failure probabilities of the systems.
Laplacian-P-splines for Bayesian inference in the mixture cure model
Creators: name: Gressani, Oswaldo
name: Faes, Christel
name: Hens, Niel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The mixture cure model for analyzing survival data is characterized by the assumption that the population under study is divided into a group of subjects who will experience the event of interest over some finite time horizon and another group of cured subjects who will never experience the event irrespective of the duration of follow-up. When using the Bayesian paradigm for inference in survival models with a cure fraction, it is common practice to rely on Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods to sample from posterior distributions. Although computationally feasible, the iterative nature of MCMC often implies long sampling times to explore the target space with chains that may suffer from slow convergence and poor mixing. An alternative strategy for fast and flexible sampling-free Bayesian inference in the mixture cure model is suggested in this paper by combining Laplace approximations and penalized B-splines. A logistic regression model is assumed for the cure proportion and a Cox proportional hazards model with a P-spline approximated baseline hazard is used to specify the conditional survival function of susceptible subjects. Laplace approximations to the conditional latent vector are based on analytical formulas for the gradient and Hessian of the log-likelihood, resulting in a substantial speed-up in approximating posterior distributions. The statistical performance and computational efficiency of the proposed Laplacian-P-splines mixture cure (LPSMC) model is assessed in a simulation study. Results show that LPSMC is an appealing alternative to classic MCMC for approximate Bayesian inference in standard mixture cure models. Finally, the novel LPSMC approach is illustrated on three applications involving real survival data.
description: 36 pages, 7 figures, 7 tables
Mycoplasma as an Environmental Isolate on Dairy Farms
Creators: name: Wilson, David J.
name: Justice-Allen, Anne
name: Goodell, Greg
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 2009

description: Mycoplasma bovis is an important bovine pathogen causing mastitis, pneumonia, arthritis, and metritis. Mycoplasma infections are considered contagious, with transmission from cow to cow as a contagious mastitis spread at milking time or as a respiratory disease. As part of follow up to an earlier mycoplasma prevalence study, this study evaluated the possibility of mycoplasmas as environmental pathogens on dairy farms with mycoplasma mastitis affecting their herds. During a clinical mastitis outbreak caused by Mycoplasma spp, a sample of recycled sand bedding from lactating cow housing areas was culture-positive for mycoplasma. Additional sampling found 14/20 sand-bedded pens positive for Mycoplasma spp on the same farm. Mycoplasma spp were subsequently isolated from other used bedding samples from two other farms with mycoplasma mastitis in their herds; all positive beddings were sand, with the exception of straw bedding from one pen. Presence of M. bovis was verified with PCR testing of samples from two of the three farms; no PCR testing was done on samples from the third farm. The possibility of mycoplasma infections in dairy cattle being transmitted from contaminated bedding or other environmental sources should be investigated further.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2009
title: Potential spawning habitat of sardine (Sardina pilchardus) and anchovy (Engraulis encrasicolus) in the Bay of Biscay
Creators: name: Planque, Benjamin
name: Bellier, Edwige
name: Lazure, Pascal
Publisher: name: ASC 2004 - Q - Theme session
Year: 2024
Subjects: Ecosystem observation, processes and dynamics
Bay of Biscay and the Iberian Coast (ICES Ecoregion)

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.Large amplitude variations in the recruitment in small pelagic fish results from interaction between a fluctuating environment and population dynamics processes such as spawning. The spatial extent and location of spawning, which is critical to the fate of eggs and larvae, can vary strongly from year-to-year, as a result of changing population structure and environmental conditions. Spawning habitat can be divided in 'potential spawning habitat', defined as habitat where the hydrological conditions are suitable for spawning, 'realised spawning habitat', defined as habitat where spawning actually occurs, and 'successful spawning habitat', defined as habitat where fish have spawned and from where successful recruitment has resulted. Using biological data collected during the period 2000-2004, as well as hydrological data, we investigate the role of environmental parameters in controlling the potential spawning habitat of anchovy and sardine in the Bay of Biscay. Modelled relationships between anchovy and sardine spawning are used to predict potential spawning habitat from hydrodynamical simulations. The results show that the seasonal patterns in spawning if the two species are well reproduced by the model, indicating that hydrological changes may explain a large fraction of spawning spatial dynamics. Such model may prove useful in the context of forecasting potential impacts of future environmental changes on sardine and anchovy reproductive strategy in the north-east Atlantic.
Performance Evaluation of the Zero-Multipole Summation Method in Modern Molecular Dynamics Software
Creators: name: Sakuraba, Shun
name: Fukuda, Ikuo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We evaluate the practical performance of the zero-multiple summation method (ZMM), a method for approximately calculating electrostatic interactions in molecular dynamics simulations. The performance of the ZMM is compared with that of the smooth particle mesh Ewald method (SPME). Even though the ZMM uses a larger cutoff distance than the SPME does, the performance of the ZMM is found to be comparable to or better than that of the SPME. In particular, the ZMM with quadrupole or octupole cancellation and no damping factor is an excellent candidate for the fast calculation of electrostatic potentials.
description: Preprint submitted to Comput. Phys. Comm
Effects of Temperature and Humidity on the Survival of Mycoplasma Organisms in Recycled Bedding Sand
Creators: name: Justice-Allen, Anne
name: Trujillo, Jessie
name: Corbett, Robert
name: Harding, Robert
name: Goodell, Greg
name: Wilson, David
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 2009

description: Mycoplasma bovis, along with other species, is responsible for a number of disease syndromes in cattle which impact both the dairy and beef industries. An outbreak of mycoplasma mastitis in conjunction with a number of positive environmental samples from the farm initiated a study of the survival of mycoplasma organisms in recycled bedding sand. A pile of bedding sand was obtained from the affected dairy and brought to Utah State University, where it was stored outside. The pile was cultured for mycoplasmas and mastitis pathogens on a weekly basis for four months, and then sampled every two to four weeks for another four months. In addition, samples of the sand were subjected to controlled experiments in the laboratory involving temperature, humidity, and chemical disinfection. The results indicate that M. bovis can remain viable and detectable by culture in recycled bedding sand for eight months at the ambient temperatures found in Logan, Utah. The optimal temperature for survival is between 39°F (4°C) and 64°F (18°C). The numbers of M. bovis organisms (measured as colony forming units) in the sand increased at different times during the study, indicating replication. M. bovis reproduced in bedding sand at ambient maximum temperatures between 59°F and 68°F (15°C and 20°C). In the controlled experiment, mycoplasmas reproduced in the bedding sand at 97°F (36°C) when the sand was kept damp, but were not cultivable when it was allowed to dry out. Both 2% chlorhexidine and 0.5% hypochlorite were capable of disinfecting the bedding sand.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2009
Experimental determination of Rashba and Dresselhaus parameters and $g^*$-factor anisotropy via Shubnikov-de Haas oscillations
Creators: name: Herzog, F.
name: Hardtdegen, H.
name: Schaepers, Th.
name: Grundler, D.
name: Wilde, M. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spin splitting of conduction band electrons in inversion-asymmetric InGaAs/InP quantum wells is studied by Shubnikov-de Haas measurements combining the analysis of beating patterns and coincidence measurements in doubly tilted magnetic fields. The method allows us to determine the absolute values of the Rashba and linear Dresselhaus spin-orbit interaction coefficients, their relative sign and the full Landé g-tensor. This is achieved by analyzing the anisotropy of the beat node positions with respect to both polar and azimuthal angles between the magnetic field direction and the quantum well normal. We show that the spin-orbit interaction is dominated by a large Rashba coefficient together with a linear Dresselhaus coefficient that is 10 $\%$ of the Rashba coefficient. Their relative sign is found to be positive. The g-tensor is found to have a marked out-of-plane anisotropy and a smaller but distinct in-plane anisotropy due to spin-orbit interaction.
Dynamical dark energy models in the light of Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalogues
Creators: name: Escamilla-Rivera, Celia
name: Nájera, Antonio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The study of current gravitational waves (GW) catalogues provide an interesting model independent way to understand further the nature of dark energy. In this work, we present an update of the constrains related to dynamical dark energy parametrisations using recent Gravitational-Wave Transient catalogues (GWTC-1 and GWTC-2) along with Type Ia supernova (SNeIa) and Cosmic Chronometers (CC) catalogues. According to our Bayesian results using the full SNeIa+CC+GW database, the $Λ$CDM model shows a strong preference against two dark energy parameterisation known as Barboza-Alcaniz (BA) and the Low Correlation (LC) models. Also, we obtain a very strong preference against the Chevallier-Polarski-Linder (CPL) model. Furthermore, we generated a mock GW catalogue and estimate that we require approximately 1000 standard sirens to have a constrain of $H_0$ within 1\% relative error, quantity that is out of reach of current standard sirens candidates in GWTC-1 and GWTC-2 catalogues.
description: 24 pages, 6 figures and 6 tables. Version accepted in JCAP
title: Primary production rates along the northwestern Iberian coastal transition zone estimated from Fast Repetition Rate (FRR) fluorometry
Creators: name: Estévez-Blanco, Patricia
name: Fernández, Emilio
name: Bode, Antonio
name: Castiñeira, Francisco
name: Lorenzo, Jorge
name: Varela, Manuel
Publisher: name: ASC 2004 - Q - Theme session
Year: 2024
Subjects: Ecosystem observation, processes and dynamics
Bay of Biscay and the Iberian Coast (ICES Ecoregion)

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.A series of 25 vertical profiles conducted with a Fast Repetition Rate Fluorometer (FRRF) during the oceanographic cruise PELACUS-0303 (March-April 2003) allowed to determine the photochemical efficiency of phytoplankton photosystem II (PSII) from variable fluorescence measurements (Fv/Fm) and to further relate these results to the thermohaline variability of the NW Iberian coastal transition zone during the sampling period. Fv/Fm values were always higher than 0.45, thus indicating that by the time sampling was carried out the photochemical efficiency of phytoplankton PSII was close to their maximum potential values. FRRF data were used to derive continuous vertical profiles of primary production rates from theoretical bio-optical formulations. The highest Chl a-normalized depth-averaged primary production rates was found in the central Cantabrian Sea, whereas the lowest values were located at the easternmost region of the southern Bay of Biscay.
Management Approaches to Reducing or Eliminating Mycoplasina Mastitis in a Dairy Herd
Creators: name: Wilson, David J.
name: Justice-Allen, Anne
name: Maddox, Jennifer
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 2009

description: Mycoplasma spp can cause mastitis, arthritis, pneumonia, and metritis in dairy cattle. Progress in control of Mycoplasma spp mastitis, including any management changes made, was evaluated in Utah dairy herds approximately one year after diagnosis on farms that had participated in a mycoplasma prevalence study. Using a questionnaire developed at Utah State University, dairy producers and key management personnel on 10 previously mycoplasma-positive dairy farms in Utah were interviewed. Three farms had evidence that no mycoplasmal cows remained, four had mycoplasma still present, and three were of unknown mycoplasma status. Farms that cultured milk from all clinical mastitis cases for mycoplasma included all of the farms with no further evidence of mycoplasma in cows, and farms with very low prevalence remaining. Of farms that used only bulk-tank monitoring for mycoplasma at the time of the second follow-up survey, all but one were still positive or had unknown status; the only farm using bulk-tank monitoring that was apparently free of mycoplasma had cultured all clinical mastitis cases for several months after diagnosis in the herd, and sold all mycoplasmal cows found. All herds increased lactating cow numbers, and six had decreased bulk-tank milk somatic cell count (SCC). Decreased or eliminated mycoplasma mastitis was associated with approximately 1% less of the herd per month contracting clinical mastitis, and even further reduced treatment for mastitis. Mycoplasma mastitis persisting in dairy herds was associated with observing clinical mastitis moving from one quarter to another, adult cows with droopy ears and nonresponsive respiratory disease in calves.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2009
Anomalous electrodynamics of neutral pion matter in strong magnetic fields
Creators: name: Brauner, Tomas
name: Kadam, Saurabh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ground state of quantum chromodynamics in sufficiently strong external magnetic fields and at moderate baryon chemical potential is a chiral soliton lattice (CSL) of neutral pions. We investigate the interplay between the CSL structure and dynamical electromagnetic fields. Our main result is that in presence of the CSL background, the two physical photon polarizations and the neutral pion mix, giving rise to two gapped excitations and one gapless mode with a nonrelativistic dispersion relation. The nature of this mode depends on the direction of its propagation, interpolating between a circularly polarized electromagnetic wave and a neutral pion surface wave, which in turn arises from the spontaneously broken translation invariance. Quite remarkably, there is a neutral-pion-like mode that remains gapped even in the chiral limit, in seeming contradiction to the Goldstone theorem. Finally, we have a first look at the effect of thermal fluctuations of the CSL, showing that even the soft nonrelativistic excitation does not lead to the Landau-Peierls instability. However, it leads to an anomalous contribution to pressure that scales with temperature and magnetic field as $T^{5/2}(B/f_π)^{3/2}$.
description: 1+22 pages
Signatures of Moat Regimes in Heavy-Ion Collisions
Creators: name: Pisarski, Robert D.
name: Rennecke, Fabian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Heavy-ion collisions at small beam energies have the potential to reveal the rich phase structure of QCD at nonzero temperature and density. Among the possible phases are regimes which feature periodic modulations of the spatial structure, where the energy spectrum is shaped like a moat, with the minimum of the energy over a sphere at nonzero momentum. We argue that if the matter created in heavy-ion collisions traverses such a regime, it can produce a characteristic momentum dependence of particle number and their correlations. As an explicit example, we consider a quantum pion liquid phase to compute these quantities on the freeze-out surface. These results can serve as a first guideline for a systematic search of spatially modulated phases in heavy-ion collisions.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures; matches the published version. v3: corrected acknowledgements for RDP
title: Size scaling deviation in phytoplankton photosynthesis and the energy flow through a coastal ecosystem
Creators: name: Cermeño, Pedro
name: Marañón, Emilio
name: Rodríguez, Jaime
name: Fernández, Emilio
name: Jiménez, Francisco
name: Zabala, Laura
Publisher: name: ASC 2004 - Q - Theme session
Year: 2024
Subjects: Ecosystem observation, processes and dynamics
Bay of Biscay and the Iberian Coast (ICES Ecoregion)

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.We obtained a total of 50 abundance and photosynthesis size spectra during a full annual cycle from July 2001 to July 2002 in a coastal upwelling ecosystem. On average, the slope of the size abundance spectrum was –0.82 ± 0.27. The size spectrum of cell-specific photosynthesis showed an average slope of 1.13 ± 0.36, which is significantly higher than 0.75 predicted by the size scaling theory. Assuming that phytoplankton respiration is independent of cell size, our results indicate that larger phytoplankton have higher growth rates than smaller cells do. The combination of abundance and cell-specific photosynthesis size spectra suggests that larger phytoplankton utilize a disproportionately large share of the resources within the ecosystem. The implication of these results is that an allometric deviation of the phytoplankton photosynthesis from overall allometric rules, rather than size-differential biomass accumulation, is the major responsible for a higher contribution of large sized phytoplankton to the total primary production.
Perspective on Planned BVD Control Strategy
Creators: name: Grotelueschen, Dale M.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 2009

description: Control of bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) requires design and implementation of integrated control plans in cattle operations. Individualized plans result from assessing herd risk and risk tolerance as well as related goals of cattle enterprises. BVD control plans utilizing surveillance, biosecurity, biocontainment, and vaccination strategies can be used to achieve herd goals. Using these approaches, veterinarians can design individualized BVD control plans that both benefit cattle production and are cost-effective.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2009
Survey on the Program to Restrict Use of Automobiles "HOY NO CIRCULA"
Creators: name: Centro De Estudios De Opinion Publica (CEOP)
name: Government Of The State Of Mexico
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2020

description: Evaluation of ecological conditions in Mexico City (3); transportation habits (2); "Hoy No Circula" program (4); opinion about measures to fight pollution (2).