cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Total synthesis of Veratrum alkaloids
Creators: name: Nair, G. Vijayakumaran
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: A general method for the total synthesis of Veratrum alkaloids is outlined and its application to the synthesis of 5α,6-dihydroveratramine described. The condensation of 3β-acetoxy-5α-etiojerv-12(13)-en-17-one (80), a known compound available from the degradation of hecogenin or from total synthesis, with the lithio derivatives of appropriately substituted pyridines and subsequent elaboration of the coupled products is considered as a general scheme for synthesizing members of the Veratrum family. 2-Ethyl-5-methyl-3-hydroxypyridine (78) was chosen to provide the heterocyclic portion of 5α,6-dihydroveratramine (18). A synthesis of this material was achieved via 2-propionyl-4-methyl furan (122). Two independent routes were developed for the synthesis of 122 and these studies led to novel results on the electrophilic substitution of 3-methylfuran. Condensation of the lithio derivative of the methyl ether of 78 with the steroidal enone (80) followed by acetylation gave a mixture of two compounds. These were characterized as 30-acetoxy-23-methoxy-22,27-iminojerva-12(13),22,24,27-tetraen-17-ol (compound "A", 131) and 38-acetoxy-23-methoxy-22,27-iminojerv-12(13),14(15),16(17),22,24,27-hexaene (compound "B", 132). Compound "A" was subsequently converted to a D-ring aromatic compound isomeric with 132 (compound "C", 134). The stereochemical implications of these results are described. Methods for the reduction of the pyridine ring in 132 to the piperidine moiety present in 5α,6-dihydroveratramine are outlined. Catalytic hydrogenation of 132 in an acid-ethanol medium furnished 5α,6-dihydroveratramine which was identified by comparison with authentic sample. In view of the known conversions, the present work completes the formal total syntheses of veratramine, jervine, 11-deoxojervine and veratrobasine.
A Discussion on Massive Gravitons and Propagating Torsion in Arbitrary Dimensions
Creators: name: Hernaski, C. A
name: Vargas-Paredes, A. A.
name: Helayël-Neto, J. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we reassess a particular $R^{2}$-type gravity action in D dimensions, recently studied by Nakasone and Oda, taking now torsion effects into account. Considering that the vielbein and the spin connection carry independent propagating degrees of freedom, we conclude that ghosts and tachyons are absent only if torsion is non-propagating, and we also conclude that there is no room for massive gravitons. To include these excitations, we understand how to enlarge Nakasone-Oda's model by means of explicit torsion terms in the action and we discuss the unitarity of the enlarged model for arbitrary dimensions.
description: 11 pages
title: Load Transfer Mechanisms for Piles in Soft Soils
Creators: name: Palmer, Andrew L.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1994

description: The purpose of this thesis is to interpret pile load test data for several instrumented piles to determine the load transfer characteristics of driven piles in soft so ils. Piles develop resistance to axial loads through two different mechanisms, side friction and end bearing. The rate that resistance develops is dependent upon soil type , pile type, and movement of the pile with respect to the soil. This thesis addresses load transfer for driven pipe piles in deep lacustrine deposits along the Wasatch Front area of Utah. The piles used in this study were installed for the support of highway structures in the Salt Lake City area. The information used in this study was obtained from the Utah Department of Transportation. Suggestions for pile capacity prediction are included as part of this study.
Quantum Stochastic Processes, Quantum Iterated Function Systems and Entropy
Creators: name: Baraviera, A.
name: Lardizabal, C. F.
name: Lopes, Artur O.
name: Cunha, M. Terra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 37A35, 37D35, 46L55, 46L30, 46L60, 82C10, 81Q50

description: We describe some basic results for Quantum Stochastic Processes and present some new results about a certain class of processes which are associated to Quantum Iterated Function Systems (QIFS). We discuss questions related to the Markov property and we present a definition of entropy which is induced by a QIFS. This definition is a natural generalization of the Shannon-Kolmogorov entropy from Ergodic Theory. This definition is different from the one in the paper "A Thermodynamic Formalism for density matrices in Quantum Information" by the same authors.
title: Implications of Mediating Parent-Child Interactions in the Treatment of Child Abuse
Creators: name: Nelke, Connie Faye
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1992

description: Child abuse has been shown to have a detrimental effect on the emotion development of the abused child. Due to a history with the parent that includes a high proportion of negative interactions and an impaired parent-child relationship, the child who has been subjected to physical abuse often manifests psychological symptoms. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect that treatment aimed at increasing the frequency of positive interaction in the parent-child relationship had on the emotional status of the abused child. Results showed that parent-child interaction play sessions were effective in increasing positive interaction and decreasing subsequent abusive behavior in the parent-child dyad. Self-reported parental attitudes toward the child became more positive. Treatment did not generalize totally and was not maintained totally during follow-up. The effect that treatment had on the emotional status of the abused child was less clear, although some improvement was noted. The results of this study have important clinical implications for therapists working with abusive parents in terms of providing an effective intervention for treatment of child abuse. Further investigation of the treatment is warranted. Suggestions for future research are offered.
Accidental Colour, Performative Colour: Video Art’s New Disruptors
Creators: name: Kane, Carolyn L.
Publisher: name: Colour Turn
Year: 2020

description: Colour is flippant; unreliable and notoriously difficult to work with. It resists being placed in a static chart, frame, or dyed into a “colourfast” fabric, giving way to oxidization, fading, and changing their appearance based on their surroundings. However, in an age of HD digital video, working with colour – from the perspective of an artist – has never been more convenient and user friendly. Thus, one may wonder how disruptive colours show their face today? This article answers this by turning to the work of American video artist Ryan Trecartin. Trecartin’s fashionable use of digital media, fast-paced editing, belligerent makeup and costume, and broken dialogue all echo his unforgiving colour juxtapositions (making him a “grinder and mixer of multicolour drugs,” as Plato put it in reference to artists in general). This article discusses Trecartin’s work and the way in which it sanctions the disruptive colours of a newer world of selfies, social media apps, the Internet, and automated effects plug-ins through three strategies rooted in categorical transgression (in favour of noise and ambiguity); an aesthetic category I theorize as “accidental colour”; and a use of whacky stops and pauses – in the tradition of the avant-garde – to incite subject disorientation and criticality.
description: Colour Turn, Nr. 2 (2020): Colour Turn 2020
title: The Effectiveness of Constant Versus Rotating Buddy Dyads on the Social Interactions of Handicapped Preschoolers
Creators: name: Nelke, Connie Faye
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1989

description: Due to the passage of Public Law 94-142 (1975), widespread attempts have been made to integrate children who have handicaps into settings with their non handicapped peers. Although integrated settings may provide the opportunity for social interaction to occur between children with and without handicaps, often interaction does not occur. In order to address the issue of how to best facilitate appropriate interactions in integrated settings, specialized programs such as the FMS buddy system (Quintero, Phelps, Striefel, & Killoran, 1987) have been developed to promote positive social interactions between children with and without handicaps.
One important aspect programs such as the buddy system have not fully considered is the differential impact a non handicapped child could have on the level of social interaction of the child with handicaps. The impact the non-handicapped buddy could make if constantly paired with the same child with handicaps may be different than the one a non-handicapped child could make if paired, over time , in an alternating sequence with different children who have handicaps. In response to the question of possible differential impact, a single subject multiple baseline design was utilized to compare the effect constant buddies and rotating buddies had on the social interactions of 8 children who had handicaps. The intervention included training the buddies on how to interact with children who have handicaps and providing the opportunity for the children with and without handicaps to play together. Treatment effects were measured by direct observations of social interactions between the children with and without handicaps during free play and buddy sessions, sociometric measures, and attitude measures. Results indicated that pairing children who have handicaps with a non-handicapped buddy increased social interactions between children with and without handicaps during buddy sessions. The level of interaction achieved during buddy sessions was not fully generalized to subsequent free play sessions. Buddies from constant dyads rated their playmates who had handicaps sociometrically higher than buddies from rotating dyads. Non-handicapped children who served as buddies rated their buddy experience favorably. Suggestions for future research in this area are made.
title: High Regression Rate Hybrid Rocket Fuel Grains with Helical Port Structures
Creators: name: Walker, Sean D.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2015

description: Hybrid Rockets are popular in the aerospace industry due to their storage safety, simplicity, and controllability during rocket motor burn. However, they produce fuel regression rates typically 25% lower than solid fuel motors of the same thrust level. These lowered regression rates produce unacceptably high oxidizer-to-fuel (O/F) ratios that produce a potential for motor instability, nozzle erosion, and reduced motor duty cycles. To achieve O/F ratios that produce acceptable combustion charactersitics, traditional cylindrical fuel ports are fabricated with very long length-to-diameter ratios to increase the total burning area. these high aspect ratios produce further reduced fuel regression rate and trust levels, poor volumetric efficiency, and a potential for lateral structural loading issues during high thrust burns. In place of traditional cylindrical fuel ports, it is proposed that by researching the effects of centrifugal flow patterns introduced by embedded helical fuel port structures, a significant increase in fuel regression rates can be observed. The benefits of increasing volumetric efficiencies by lengthening the internal flow path will also be observed. The mechanisms of this increased fuel regression rate are driven by enhancing surface skin friction and reducing the effect of boundary layer "blowing" to enhance convective heat transfer to the fuel surface. Preliminary results using additive manufacturing to fabricate hybrid rocket fuel grains from acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) with embedded helical fuel port structures have been obtained, with burn-rate amplifications up to 3.0x than that of cylindrical fuel ports.
A second look at the toric h-polynomial of a cubical complex
Creators: name: Hetyei, Gábor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 05C05, Secondary 05A15, 05E35, 06A11

description: We provide an explicit formula for the toric $h$-contribution of each cubical shelling component, and a new combinatorial model to prove Clara Chan's result on the non-negativity of these contributions. Our model allows for a variant of the Gessel-Shapiro result on the $g$-polynomial of the cubical lattice, this variant may be shown by simple inclusion-exclusion. We establish an isomorphism between our model and Chan's model and provide a reinterpretation in terms of noncrossing partitions. By discovering another variant of the Gessel-Shapiro result in the work of Denise and Simion, we find evidence that the toric $h$-polynomials of cubes are related to the Morgan-Voyce polynomials via Viennot's combinatorial theory of orthogonal polynomials.
description: Minor corrections
A Methodology for the Prediction of Complementary Colours in Chromatic Afterimages
Creators: name: González Cuasante, José María
name: Alonso Muñoz, Fernando
name: Cuevas Riaño, María
Publisher: name: Colour Turn
Year: 2020

description: The colour of chromatic afterimages is usually discussed as the inversion of the complementary hue without specifying clarity and chroma. After steady and prolonged perception, colours lose their initial strength due to a partial adaptation of the visual receptors. Under these circumstances the appearance of colours tends toward a neutral point, an achromatic grey equidistant to black and white. If the gaze is then directed towards a white or grey surface, the previous loss of chroma causes the complementary tone. To precisely determine the tone, clarity and chroma of afterimages seen on an achromatic surface, a model using equalisation tests compares their effect with an appropriately chosen sample colour. In many cases, after 20 seconds of fixed perception, the comparison sample results in a colour of complementary additive tone with a saturation of half the original sample and an inversion of clarity equivalent to the loss or gain in the adaptation colour. For this comparison sample to be reliable, it should not be affected by the border colour of the original sample. To this end, a medium grey that does not create an afterimage on the comparison sample is juxtaposed. The study shows that reds and greens give the expected results. However, yellows and blues give afterimages that deviate toward purples and oranges. The more saturated the yellows and blues are, the more severe is this effect.
description: Colour Turn, Nr. 2 (2020): Colour Turn 2020
On the spatial and temporal variability of ENSO precipitation and drought teleconnection in mainland Southeast Asia
Creators: Räsänen, T. A.
Lindgren, V.
Guillaume, J. H. A.
Buckley, Brendan M.
Kummu, M.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: Climatic changes--Forecasting
Precipitation (Meteorology)
Southern oscillation
Atmosphere

description: The variability in the hydroclimate over mainland Southeast Asia is strongly influenced by the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phenomenon, which has been linked to severe drought and floods that profoundly influence human societies and ecosystems alike. However, the spatial characteristics and long-term stationarity of ENSO's influence in the region are not well understood. We thus aim to analyse seasonal evolution and spatial variations in the effect of ENSO on precipitation over the period of 1980–2013, and long-term variation in the ENSO-teleconnection using tree-ring derived Palmer Drought Severity Indices (PDSI) that span from 1650–2004. We found that the majority of the study area is under the influence of ENSO, which has affected the region's hydroclimate over the majority (96 %) of the 355 year study period. Our results further indicate that there is a pattern of seasonal evolution of precipitation anomalies during ENSO. However, considerable variability in the ENSO's influence is revealed: the strength of ENSO's influence was found to vary in time and space, and the different ENSO events resulted in varying precipitation anomalies. Additional research is needed to investigate how this variation in ENSO teleconnection is influenced by other factors, such as the properties of the ENSO events and other ocean and atmospheric phenomena. In general, the high variability we found in ENSO teleconnection combined with limitations of current knowledge, suggests that the adaptation to extremes in hydroclimate in mainland Southeast Asia needs to go beyond "predict-and-control" and recognise both uncertainty and complexity as fundamental principles.
Studies related to synthesis and biosynthesis of indole alkaloids
Creators: name: Nelson, Verner Robert
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: In Part I of this thesis, an investigation of the reaction of the alkaloid, catharanthine (12), with zinc in glacial acetic acid is presented. Four isomeric carbomethoxydihydrocleavamines (60-63) have been isolated and fully characterized. It is also shown that heating catharanthine in a mixture of acetic acid and sodium borohydride provides a very convenient method for the preparation of the previously unknown 188-carbomethoxy-cleavamine (64). A similar investigation is presented for some related chemistry of the Aspidosperma series. Minovine (72), when heated in a mixture of acetic acid and sodium borohydride, is readily converted to vincaminoreine (71) and vincaminorine. The reversibility of the latter reaction is demonstrated by the transannular cyclization of vincaminoreine to afford minovine. In Part II, Section A, of this thesis, the synthesis of possible precursors of the Aspidosperma, Vinca, and Iboga alkaloids are described. The synthesis of the methyl cyanoacetate adduct (52) and dimethyl maIonic ester adduct (53) was accomplished without difficulty. The other synthetic precursor, 96, was prepared by treating the chloroindolenine, 94, of the tetracyclic indole, 93, with methyl cyanoacetate and triethylamine. In Part II, Section B, of this thesis are also described the biosynthetic studies in Vinca rosea L. and Vinca minor L. plants. The biogenetic importance of the transannular cyclization reaction is described by evaluating appropriate nine-membered ring alkaloids as possible precursors of the Aspidosperma, Vinca, and Iboga alkaloids. To confirm that the transannular cyclization reaction is not important in the plant, a sequential incorporation of DL-tryptophan-3- C into Vinca minor L. plants is presented. The synthetic precursors, 52, 53 and 96, were also evaluated for their biogenetic importance.
Integrability for the Full Spectrum of Planar AdS/CFT II
Creators: name: Gromov, Nikolay
name: Kazakov, Vladimir
name: Kozak, Andrii
name: Vieira, Pedro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the thermodynamical Bethe ansatz method we derive an infinite set of integral non-linear equations for the spectrum of states/operators in AdS/CFT. The Y-system conjectured in arXiv:0901.3753 for the spectrum of all operators in planar N=4 SYM theory follows from these equations. In particular, we present the integral equations for the spectrum of all operators within the sl(2) sector. We prove that all the kernels and free terms entering these TBA equations are real and have nice fusion properties in the relevant mirror kinematics. We find the analogue of DHM formula for the dressing kernel in the mirror kinematics.
description: Journal version
title: Winter Ecology of Common Ravens in Southern Wyoming and the Effects of Raven Removal on Greater Sage-Grouse Populations
Creators: name: Peebles, Luke W.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2015

description: My research focused on common raven (Corvus corax; hereafter raven) winter ecology and removal, and how raven removal aids Greater sage-grouse (Centrocerus urophasiansu; hereafter sage-grouse) populations. Raven winter ecology in the western US has not been described in detail. I researched raven use of landfills for foraging and raven use of anthropogenic structures for roosting, as well as dispersal of ravens in the spring. In all 22% of radio-marked ravens (n=73) used landfills during the day, and 68%(n=73) roosted at anthropogenic roost sites during the evening. Correlations between landfill and roost counts of ravens were stronger (0.4>rr20 km. In the spring, ravens dispersed, on average, 38 km from landfills where they were caught.
Large congregations of ravens at a few sites in winter may present opportunities to initiate raven population reduction methods to alleviate later problems. I analyzed raven survival and behaviour when USDA/APHIS Wildlife Services (WS) removed ravens using DRC-1339 during winter months. The number of ravens killed annually was 7-34% of the local population. Ravens did not avoid landfills, yet they switched roosts more frequently after an application of the toxicant.
Raven removal improves sage-grouse nest success; however, data were not available to examine how raven removal improves sage-grouse abundance. I analyzed changes in raven density with regard to WS removal, and then related these changes with changes in sage-grouse lek counts the following year. Raven densities decreased by 50% from 2008-2014 where WS conducted removal programs. Sage-grouse lek counts improved in area where WS lowered raven abundance, in comparison to areas farther away, during the latter half of the study (2013-2015), when WS removal efforts intensified. Thereafter, a 10% decline in raven abundance was associated with a 2% increase in sage-grouse lek counts. Overall, ravens in souther Wyoming used anthropogenic resources during the winter, and removal of ravens at these locations, combined with removal in the spring, minimally impacted raven populations annually and was associated with increases in sage-grouse abundance.
Additional file 1 of Validation of method for faecal sampling in cats and dogs for faecal microbiome analysis
Creators: name: Langon, Xavier
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Supplementary Material 1: Heatmap of D4 samples using the bray Curtis distance and the ward linkage method. Relative abundances of species are indicatedby the intensity of the red color.
title: Students' Task Interpretation and Conceptual Understanding in Electronics Laboratory Work
Creators: name: Rivera-Reyes, Presentacion
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2015

description: Task interpretation is a critical first step in the process of self-regulated learning and a key determinant of the goals students set while learning and the criteria used in selecting the strategy in their work. Laboratory activities have been proposed to improve students' conceptual understanding when working independently and alongside peers while integrating new experiences in a lab setting. The purpose of this study was to investigate how the explicit and implicit aspects of student's interpretation of the task assigned during laboratory work may change during the task process, and how that interpretation may influence the student's coregulation and conceptual understanding.
One-hundred and forty-three sophomore students enrolled in the course of Fundamental Electronics for Engineers participated in this study. Instruments designed to measure task interpretation and conceptual understanding were created and validated in a pilot study. They were applied before and after selected laboratory activities during the semester. The instrument used to measure correlation was applied at the end of every selected laboratory activity.
Statistical analysis indicated differences between the student's task interpretation before and after the laboratory activity. Students improved in approximately 15% in the level of task interpretation. From the 143 students, only 37 of them were identified with high levels of task interpretation and coregulation. Moreover, Pearson correlations identified a positive correlation between the students' task interpretation and conceptual understanding of the students during the laboratory work.
Findings suggested students' task interpretation changed during the task process and increased after the completion of laboratory activity. Overall, the findings showed a low level of task interpretation. However, students with a high level of task interpretation reached high levels of coregulation. Findings confirmed previous research that round students generally have an incomplete understanding of the assigned tasks, and struggle to establish a connection between laboratory activities and theory. Lastly, this study reported a significant relationship between students' task interpretation and conceptual understanding in laboratory work which has not been reported in the most recent published reports. Further investigation is necessary to unveil other factors related to these constructs in order to engage students in laboratory work.
Supernova Nucleosynthesis and Extremely Metal-Poor Stars
Creators: name: Tominaga, Nozomu
name: Umeda, Hideyuki
name: Maeda, Keiichi
name: Iwamoto, Nobuyuki
name: Nomoto, Ken'ichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate hydrodynamical and nucleosynthetic properties of the jet-induced explosion of a population III $40M_\odot$ star and compare the abundance patterns of the yields with those of the metal-poor stars. We conclude that (1) the ejection of Fe-peak products and the fallback of unprocessed materials can account for the abundance patterns of the extremely metal-poor (EMP) stars and that (2) the jet-induced explosion with different energy deposition rates can explain the diversity of the abundance patterns of the metal-poor stars. Furthermore, the abundance distribution after the explosion and the angular dependence of the yield are shown for the models with high and low energy deposition rates $\dot{E}_{\rm dep}=120\times10^{51} {\rm ergs s^{-1}}$ and $1.5\times10^{51} {\rm ergs s^{-1}}$. We also find that the peculiar abundance pattern of a Si-deficient metal-poor star HE 1424--0241 can be reproduced by the angle-delimited yield for $θ=30^\circ-35^\circ$ of the model with $\dot{E}_{\rm dep}=120\times10^{51} {\rm ergs s^{-1}}$.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures. To appear in "ORIGIN OF MATTER AND EVOLUTION OF GALAXIES: From the Dawn of Universe to the Formation of Solar System", AIP Conf. Proc. 1016 (December 2007, Sapporo), eds. T. Suda, T. Nozawa, et al. (Melville: AIP)
Active Colour: An autoethnographic study of how I approach(ed) colour, language, and their intersection
Creators: name: Piotti, Anna
Publisher: name: Colour Turn
Year: 2022

description: It was a sunny afternoon in the winter of 2019. Light bounced around the room. We were a few friends painting with watercolour. Bluegrass music played in the background and we snacked on orange slices and sipped red wine. Someone must have mentioned the colour terminology employed in the environment—blue, orange, red—and this motivated a colour conversation that continues to this day. This is an autoethnographic study, a diary of sorts, of an evolving understanding within my own social spheres and systemic social contexts of (what came to be) active colour. Active colour—both a natural and a constituted entity, continually developing on macro and micro scales through communication, culture, and chance—is explored by weaving together various times and texts. The variegated discussions of physics linguistics and crossword puzzles book-club books have become a reflection on the murkiness and unknowability of privilege and power, of contrast and comparability, of life and harmony, and of language and colour. Developing an understanding of active colour has meant attending to my positionality and allowing myself to be vulnerable and uncomfortable. I aim neither to uncover truths about colour and language, as full reflexivity resists such certainty, nor laud my own journey. Rather, I hope to convey the potentiality of thinking through unknowns, asking big questions, considering others’ contributions, and reflecting on why we know what we know and what this knowledge does.
description: Colour Turn, Nr. 3 (2022): Colour Turn 2022
title: Ego-Identity and Long-Term Moratoria: Associations with College Attendance and Religious Volunteerism
Creators: name: Jackson, Mark A.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2015

description: Ego-identity development has long been regarded as an important developmental process for late adolescents. According to existing literature, ego-identity achievement or committing oneself to a set of identity components after having explored viable identity alternatives (e.g., in matters of relationships, political philosophy, etc.), is conducive to a wide array of positive outcomes for individuals, families, and entire communities. The objective of this study was to examine the extent that college experiences and participation in LDS missionary service (i.e., moratorium experiences) were associated with ego-identity development, specifically in terms of identity exploration and commitment. A sample of late adolescents (N=425), all of whom had participated in at least some college and of whom 122 had volunteered as LDS missionaries, provided information about their moratorium experiences that could be related to identity development and reported their levels of identity exploration and commitment according to the Extended Objective Measure of Ego-Identity Status (EOMEIS-2).
Independent-samples t tests and chi-square tests were used to examine demographic and identity differences between LDS postmissionaries and LDS non-postmissionaries. LDS postmissionaries and LDS non-postmissionaries differed significantly only in the variables of sex and age.
Univariate ANOVA and regression were used to examine the extent to which college and missionary service were associated with overall identity scores. Bothe college studies and LDS missionary service were significantly associated with the four EOMEIS-2 subscale scores of diffusion, foreclosure, moratorium experiences differed significantly in the magnitude and/or direction of their prediction of identity outcomes only in moratorium and foreclosure scores. Both experiences were similarly positively associated with achievement scores and negatively associated with diffusion scores.
Stepwise linear regression was used to examine the extent to which certain features of college studies and missionary service were associated with identity scores. After controlling for age, sex, income, and years of education, numerous features of the two experiences, such as motives for participation, funding, frequency of weekly experiences, and learning a foreign language were significantly associated with identity scores. College features shared the greatest amount of variability with diffusion scores, and mission features shared the greatest amount of variability with foreclosure scores.
Field Study and Estimation of Trip Generation Rate for Freight Terminal Land Uses in Metropolitan Cities (Case Study: Shahr-e-Aftab, Tehran)
Creators: name: zare sefat, sajjad
name: Estadi Jafari, Mehdi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 350904
subject: Maritime transportation and freight services
classificationCode: 400599
subject: Civil engineering not elsewhere classified

description: Urban freight transport in Iran suffers from a lack of integrated management and disproportionate distribution of goods terminals. This study investigates the trip generation rate of freight terminal land uses, using field data from the Shahr-e-Aftab area in Tehran. The research reveals that the trip generation rate ranges from a minimum of 0.22 to a maximum of 0.30 trips per 100 square meters of freight land use. These findings can inform planning strategies for the optimal placement and scale of freight terminals, contributing to reduced economic, environmental, and safety risks associated with unregulated freight activity in urban areas.a
Reheating the D-brane universe via instant preheating
Creators: name: Panda, Sudhakar
name: Sami, M.
name: Thongkool, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate a possibility of reheating in a scenario of D-brane inflation in a warped deformed conifold background which includes perturbative corrections to throat geometry sourced by chiral operator of dimension 3/2 in the CFT. The effective D-brane potential, in this case, belongs to the class of non-oscillatory models of inflation for which the conventional reheating mechanism does not work. We find that gravitational particle production is inefficient and leads to reheating temperature of the order of ${10^8} GeV$. We show that instant preheating is quite suitable to the present scenario and can easily reheat universe to a temperature which is higher by about three orders of magnitudes than its counter part associated with gravitational particle production. The reheating temperature is shown to be insensitive to a particular choice of inflationary parameters suitable to observations.
description: 6 pages and 4 figures, replaced with revised version, to appear in PRD
title: Douglas-fir Beetle Mediated Changes to Fuel Complexes, Foliar Moisture Content and Terpenes in Interior Douglas-Fir Forests of the Central Rocky Mountains
Creators: name: Giunta, Andrew D.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2016

description: Recent bark beetle outbreaks have caused extensive tree mortality in conifer forests across western Northern America, which has altered forest fuels. These changes have raised concerns about forest health and wildfire risk. Studies focused on interactions between bark beetles, forests fuels, and changes in fire behavior have been primarily led in upper elevation forests characterized by high-severity fire regimes, principally in lodgepole pine (pinus contorta Douglas ex Loudon) and Engelmann spruce (Picea engelmannii Parry ex Engelm) forests. Few studies to date have addressed bark beetle fuel interactions in lower to middle montane forest characterized by a mixed-severity fire regime, with available research focused strictly on assessing fuel load conditions or stand structural changes. The goal of this research was to quantify and characterize surface and canopy fuel changes in middle montane interior Douglas-Fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco var. glauca (Beissn.)) forest infested by Douglas-fir beetle (Dendroctonus pseudotsugae Hopkins), while also measuring physical and chemical changes to foliage in terms of moisture content and terpenes, which are known to play important roles in foliage flammability.
Our results revealed few changes in surface fuels following Douglas-fir beetle infestations aside from a significant increase in litter depth and loading in red stage sample plots. Substantial changes to canopy fuels were detected in the red stage of an outbreak with a significant reduction in foliar moisture content measured as tree crowns faded from a healthy green phase to red. During this period, volatile emissions and within-needle concentrations of terpenes increased, including some terpenes previously associated with increased foliage flammability in other tree species. Furthermore, aerial fuel parameters that estimate the likelihood of crown fire initiation, including canopy bulk density and canopy base height, showed a substantial reduction in gray stage sample plots. Based on our findings we judge the influence of Douglas-fir beetle activity on altering fuels is most pronounced in the aerial fuels complex. Our results suggest bark beetle affected interior Douglas-fir stands with a high percentage of trees in yellow and red crown phases could have an increased threshold for crown fire initiation based on higher levels of flammable monoterpenes and lower foliar moisture content.
A Thermodynamic Formalism for density matrices in Quantum Information
Creators: name: Baraviera, A.
name: Lardizabal, C. F.
name: Lopes, Artur O.
name: Cunha, M. Terra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 37A35, 37D35, 46L55, 46L30, 46L60, 82C10, 81Q50

description: We consider new concepts of entropy and pressure for stationary systems acting on density matrices which generalize the usual ones in Ergodic Theory. Part of our work is to justify why the definitions and results we describe here are natural generalizations of the classical concepts of Thermodynamic Formalism (in the sense of R. Bowen, Y. Sinai and D. Ruelle). It is well-known that the concept of density operator should replace the concept of measure for the cases in which we consider a quantum formalism. We consider the operator $Λ$ acting on the space of density matrices $\mathcal{M}_N$ over a finite $N$-dimensional complex Hilbert space $$ Λ(ρ):=\sum_{i=1}^k tr(W_iρW_i^*)\frac{V_iρV_i^*}{tr(V_iρV_i^*)}, $$ where $W_i$ and $V_i$, $i=1,2,..., k$ are linear operators in this Hilbert space. In some sense this operator is a version of an Iterated Function System (IFS). Namely, the $V_i\,(.)\,V_i^*=:F_i(.)$, $i=1,2,...,k$, play the role of the inverse branches (i.e., the dynamics on the configuration space of density matrices) and the $W_i$ play the role of the weights one can consider on the IFS. In this way a family $W:=\{W_i\}_{i=1,..., k}$ determines a Quantum Iterated Function System (QIFS). We also present some estimates related to the Holevo bound.
What regions are the most powerful in CS2 and Dota 2
Creators: name: Hawk.live LLC
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: esport
subject: Sport
subject: dota 2
subject: CS2

description: Esports is a rapidly growing industry where teams from different corners of the worldcompete for championship titles and impressive prize pools. Dota 2 and CS2 remainamong the most popular disciplines. In this article, we will conduct a comparativeanalysis of the success of teams from various regions, examine the factorscontributing to their dominance, and assess the impact of geographical location onresults in esports.Source: Hawk.live
title: Effects of Blue and Green Light on Plant Growth and Development at Low and High Photosynthetic Photon Flux
Creators: name: Snowden, Michael Chase
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2015

description: The optimal combination of wavelengths of light (spectral quality) for single leaf photosynthesis has been well characterized, but spectral quality is not well characterized in whole plants in long-term studies. Here we report the effects of eight light spectra at two photosynthetic photon fluxes (200 and 500 µmol m-2 s-1) on dry mass, leaf area index and net assimilation of seven species in replicate 21-day studies. The combination of treatments allowed us to separately assess the effects of blue and green light fraction among species and PPF. At a PPF of 500, increasing blue light from 11 to 28 % significantly decreased dry mass in tomato, cucumber, and pepper, but there was no significant effect on soybean, lettuce and wheat. At a PPF of 200, dry mass significantly decreased only in tomato across the blue light range. Effects on leaf area paralleled effects on dry mass in all species at both PPFs, indicating that the effects of blue light on dry mass were mediated by changes in leaf area. Contrary to predictions of net assimilation based on blue light response of single leaves, there was no evidence of decreasing net assimilation with increasing blue light. In contrast to the significant effect of blue light dry mass and leaf area, increasing green light fraction from zero to 30 % resulted in few significant differences. Contrary to several reports on significant green light effects on growth (both increases and decreases), we found no consistent effect of green light among species on growth, leaf area or net assimilation. Collectively, these results indicate significant differences among species in sensitivity to blue light and less sensitivity to green light, and that the effect of blue light on dry mass is primarily determined by changes in leaf area.
Reference priors for high energy physics
Creators: name: Demortier, Luc
name: Jain, Supriya
name: Prosper, Harrison B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bayesian inferences in high energy physics often use uniform prior distributions for parameters about which little or no information is available before data are collected. The resulting posterior distributions are therefore sensitive to the choice of parametrization for the problem and may even be improper if this choice is not carefully considered. Here we describe an extensively tested methodology, known as reference analysis, which allows one to construct parametrization-invariant priors that embody the notion of minimal informativeness in a mathematically well-defined sense. We apply this methodology to general cross section measurements and show that it yields sensible results. A recent measurement of the single top quark cross section illustrates the relevant techniques in a realistic situation.
Physico chemical studies of the reaction of strontium choride with fluorine
Creators: name: Rantamaa, Anssi Kalervo
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The kinetics of the reaction of solid strontium chloride with fluorine gas have been studied by gravimetric, thermometric, and microphotographic methods. ESR and X-ray crystallography were used to study the products. The reaction commenced after an induction period of 1 to 10 minutes. On single crystal specimens studied microscopically, formation and growth of nuclei of SrF₂ thereafter occupied several minutes before the nuclei coalesced to form a continuous SrF₂ layer. By thermometric studies on a polycrystalline boule of reactant on a thermocouple, the extent of reaction during the nucleation period was found to be proportional to t⁴ , suggesting nuclei formed proportional to t² and subsequent two-dimensional growth at constant linear rate. On single crystal specimens, microphotography showed a t² law for number of nuclei only for one specimen with a rough surface. For smooth surfaces, number of nuclei was generally constant, but linear growth was confirmed in many cases. Two growth rates were measured, an initial rate of 6.4 x 10ˉ⁴ mm sec ˉ¹ and a less reproducible rate to which a transition sometimes occurred in later stages of 1.7 x 10ˉ³mm secˉ¹. The nucleation was found to be non-activated and the change in rate was ascribed, together with an increase in the number of nuclei late in the nucleation period, to effects of mechanical strain. The development of the main reaction after establishment of a continuous reaction interface was followed gravimetrically, and found to obey the Ginstling-Brounshtein equation for diffusion through a spherical shell of solid reaction product, having a sharp interface with the reactant. A lower limit of 2 x 10ˉ⁵ cm² secˉ¹ was found for the diffusion coefficient, suggesting that the process is gaseous diffusion in cracks in the product layer. The crystallinity of the product depended on the rate of reaction. For rapid, high-temperature reaction, the product gave a powder diffraction pattern, but for a sample reacted more slowly with a controlled supply of F₂, the product was found to be essentially a single crystal (diffuse diffraction spots indicating ranges of disorientation of no more than about 5°) with the same crystallographic orientation as the reactant. Attempts to locate the ESR signal found in earlier work were only partially successful, but suggest that the signal is largely in the product phase, and that it represents a byproduct rather than a reaction intermediate.
Optimal Modification Factor and Convergence of the Wang-Landau Algorithm
Creators: name: Zhou, Chenggang
name: Su, Jia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a strategy to achieve the fastest convergence in the Wang-Landau algorithm with varying modification factors. With this strategy, the convergence of a simulation is at least as good as the conventional Monte Carlo algorithm, i.e. the statistical error vanishes as $1/\sqrt{t}$, where $t$ is a normalized time of the simulation. However, we also prove that the error cannot vanish faster than $1/t$. Our findings are consistent with the $1/t$ Wang-Landau algorithm discovered recently, and we argue that one needs external information in the simulation to beat the conventional Monte Carlo algorithm.
description: 19 pages and 3 figures, to be published in Phys. Rev. E
title: Assessing Preference for Home Language or English Praise  in English Language Learners with Disabilities
Creators: name: Clay, Casey James
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2015

description: Assessing preference for stimuli has been shown to be of value when determining potential reinforcers for individuals with disabilities. Researchers have found that preference for forms of social interaction can be identified for persons with disabilities. Furthermore, these same social interactions can be used as reinforcers for these same persons. This study conceptualized different languages as different types of social interactions. Assessing preference for languages may be of use to identify forms of social reinforcement that can be used with English Language Learners (ELLs) with disabilities. Identifying reinforcers may be of value for this population to inform how to structure language supports in their environment. Five ELLs with disabilities between the ages of 10 and 17 years old participated in the study. We conducted a paired-stimulus preference assessment for specific language praise statements in English and Spanish to determine the language in which the participants preferred praise. Following the preference assessment, we conducted a concurrent-chains reinforcer assessment to determine reinforcing efficacy of praise in each language. We found two of five participants preferred Spanish praise to English praise. Three of five participants’ preference was undifferentiated between Spanish and English praise. For four of the five participants praise in different languages functioned as a reinforcer. All participants’ preference assessments predicted, to a degree, the results of their reinforcer assessments. From these results we concluded our paired stimulus preference assessment was effective for evaluating preference for different types of praise. Preference was also indicative of reinforcing efficacy of praise.