cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Distinct Roles for the AAA ATPases NSF and p97 in the Secretory Pathway
Creators: name: Cyr, Douglas M.
name: Hanson, Phyllis I.
name: Rosser, Meredith F.N.
name: Dalal, Seema
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2003

description: NSF and p97 are related AAA proteins implicated in membrane trafficking and organelle biogenesis. p97 is also involved in pathways that lead to ubiquitin-dependent proteolysis, including ER-associated degradation (ERAD). In this study, we have used dominant interfering ATP-hydrolysis deficient mutants (NSF(E329Q) and p97(E578Q)) to compare the function of these AAA proteins in the secretory pathway of mammalian cells. Expressing NSF(E329Q) promotes disassembly of Golgi stacks into dispersed vesicular structures. It also rapidly inhibits glycosaminoglycan sulfation, reflecting disruption of intra-Golgi transport. In contrast, expressing p97(E578Q) does not affect Golgi structure or function; glycosaminoglycans are normally sulfated and secreted, as is the VSV-G ts045 protein. Instead, expression of p97(E578Q) causes ubiquitinated proteins to accumulate on ER membranes and slows degradation of the ERAD substrate cystic-fibrosis transmembrane-conductance regulator. In addition, expression of p97(E578Q) eventually causes the ER to swell. More specific assessment of effects of p97(E578Q) on organelle assembly shows that the Golgi apparatus disperses and reassembles normally after treatment with brefeldin A and during mitosis. These findings demonstrate that ATP-hydrolysis-dependent activities of NSF and p97 in the cell are not equivalent and suggest that only NSF is directly involved in regulating membrane fusion.
Correlations of the time dependent signal and the state of a continuously monitored quantum system
Creators: name: Foroozani, N.
name: Naghiloo, M.
name: Tan, D.
name: Mølmer, K.
name: Murch, K. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In quantum physics, measurements give random results and yield a corresponding random back action on the state of the system subject to measurement. If a quantum system is probed continuously over time, its state evolves along a stochastic quantum trajectory. To investigate the characteristic properties of such dynamics, we perform weak continuous measurements on a superconducting qubit that is driven to undergo Rabi oscillations. From the data we observe a number of striking temporal correlations within the time dependent signals and the quantum trajectories of the qubit, and we discuss their explanation in terms of quantum measurement and photodetection theory.
description: 8 pages 5 figures
Exchangeable Chaperone Modules Contribute to Specification of Type I and Type II Hsp40 Cellular Function
Creators: name: Ren, Hong Yu
name: Lee, Soojin
name: Cyr, Douglas M.
name: Fan, Chun Yang
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2003

description: Hsp40 family members regulate Hsp70s ability to bind nonnative polypeptides and thereby play an essential role in cell physiology. Type I and type II Hsp40s, such as yeast Ydj1 and Sis1, form chaperone pairs with cytosolic Hsp70 Ssa1 that fold proteins with different efficiencies and carry out specific cellular functions. The mechanism by which Ydj1 and Sis1 specify Hsp70 functions is not clear. Ydj1 and Sis1 share a high degree of sequence identity in their amino and carboxyl terminal ends, but each contains a structurally unique and centrally located protein module that is implicated in chaperone function. To test whether the chaperone modules of Ydj1 and Sis1 function in the specification of Hsp70 action, we constructed a set of chimeric Hsp40s in which the chaperone domains of Ydj1 and Sis1 were swapped to form YSY and SYS. Purified SYS and YSY exhibited protein-folding activity and substrate specificity that mimicked that of Ydj1 and Sis1, respectively. In in vivo studies, YSY exhibited a gain of function and, unlike Ydj1, could complement the lethal phenotype of sis1Δ and facilitate maintenance of the prion [RNQ+]. Ydj1 and Sis1 contain exchangeable chaperone modules that assist in specification of Hsp70 function.
(401625) Mary Jobson
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
title: En passant assessment of coronary calcium in 70 seconds - time worth spending
Creators: name: Leziak, Milena
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cardiac
subject: Cardiovascular system
subject: CT
subject: Screening
subject: Calcifications / Calculi

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: Coronary artery disease (CAD) accounts for half of deaths caused by cardiovascular disease worldwide. It is responsible for 20% of all deaths in Europe and 17% of premature deaths (before age 75)[1]. Coronary artery calcium (CAC), characteristic for...
Differential Hybrid Games
Creators: name: Platzer, André
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: F.3.1; F.4.1
subject: 03B70, 91A23, 34A38, 91A25, 03F03

description: This article introduces differential hybrid games, which combine differential games with hybrid games. In both kinds of games, two players interact with continuous dynamics. The difference is that hybrid games also provide all the features of hybrid systems and discrete games, but only deterministic differential equations. Differential games, instead, provide differential equations with continuous-time game input by both players, but not the luxury of hybrid games, such as mode switches and discrete-time or alternating adversarial interaction. This article augments differential game logic with modalities for the combined dynamics of differential hybrid games. It shows how hybrid games subsume differential games and introduces differential game invariants and differential game variants for proving properties of differential games inductively.
title: Initial experience of utilising 2HG MR Spectroscopy for non-invasive diagnosis of IDH mutated glioma
Creators: name: Naeem, Adil
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: MR-Spectroscopy
subject: Technical aspects
subject: Cancer

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: With recognition of the importance of genetic sub-typing in brain tumours, the presence of isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH1 / IDH2) gain of function mutation is recognised as the most significant prognostic marker in glioma. IDH mutated gliomas are...
Histone Hyperacetylation in Mitosis Prevents Sister Chromatid Separation and Produces Chromosome Segregation Defects
Creators: name: Torosantucci, Liliana
name: Degrassi, Francesca
name: Cimini, Daniela
name: Mattiuzzo, Marta
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2003

description: Posttranslational modifications of core histones contribute to driving changes in chromatin conformation and compaction. Herein, we investigated the role of histone deacetylation on the mitotic process by inhibiting histone deacetylases shortly before mitosis in human primary fibroblasts. Cells entering mitosis with hyperacetylated histones displayed altered chromatin conformation associated with decreased reactivity to the anti-Ser 10 phospho H3 antibody, increased recruitment of protein phosphatase 1-δ on mitotic chromosomes, and depletion of heterochromatin protein 1 from the centromeric heterochromatin. Inhibition of histone deacetylation before mitosis produced defective chromosome condensation and impaired mitotic progression in living cells, suggesting that improper chromosome condensation may induce mitotic checkpoint activation. In situ hybridization analysis on anaphase cells demonstrated the presence of chromatin bridges, which were caused by persisting cohesion along sister chromatid arms after centromere separation. Thus, the presence of hyperacetylated chromatin during mitosis impairs proper chromosome condensation during the pre-anaphase stages, resulting in poor sister chromatid resolution. Lagging chromosomes consisting of single or paired sisters were also induced by the presence of hyperacetylated histones, indicating that the less constrained centromeric organization associated with heterochromatin protein 1 depletion may promote the attachment of kinetochores to microtubules coming from both poles.
Regulation of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2 Activity by Caveolin-1 and Plasma Membrane Cholesterol
Creators: name: Gingras, Denis
name: Royal, Isabelle
name: Surprenant, David S.
name: Béliveau, Richard
name: Labrecque, Lyne
name: Patterson, Cam
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2003

description: The stimulation of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR-2) by tumor-derived VEGF represents a key event in the initiation of angiogenesis. In this work, we report that VEGFR-2 is localized in endothelial caveolae, associated with caveolin-1, and that this complex is rapidly dissociated upon stimulation with VEGF. The kinetics of caveolin-1 dissociation correlated with those of VEGF-dependent VEGFR-2 tyrosine phosphorylation, suggesting that caveolin-1 acts as a negative regulator of VEGF R-2 activity. Interestingly, we observed that in an overexpression system in which VEGFR-2 is constitutively active, caveolin-1 overexpression inhibits VEGFR-2 activity but allows VEGFR-2 to undergo VEGF-dependent activation, suggesting that caveolin-1 can confer ligand dependency to a receptor system. Removal of caveolin and VEGFR-2 from caveolae by cholesterol depletion resulted in an increase in both basal and VEGF-induced phosphorylation of VEGFR-2, but led to the inhibition of VEGF-induced ERK activation and endothelial cell migration, suggesting that localization of VEGFR-2 to these domains is crucial for VEGF-mediated signaling. Dissociation of the VEGFR-2/caveolin-1 complex by VEGF or cyclodextrin led to a PP2-sensitive phosphorylation of caveolin-1 on tyrosine 14, suggesting the participation of Src family kinases in this process. Overall, these results suggest that caveolin-1 plays multiple roles in the VEGF-induced signaling cascade.
(401626) John DD Macpherson
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Roles of Phosphoinositides and of Spo14p (phospholipase D)-generated Phosphatidic Acid during Yeast Sporulation
Creators: name: Morris, Andrew J.
name: Zhou, Chun
name: Rudge, Simon A.
name: Strahl, Thomas
name: Iwamoto, Michelle
name: Thorner, Jeremy
name: Sciorra, Vicki A.
name: Engebrecht, Jo Anne
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2003

description: During yeast sporulation, internal membrane synthesis ensures that each haploid nucleus is packaged into a spore. Prospore membrane formation requires Spo14p, a phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate [PtdIns(4,5)P2]-stimulated phospholipase D (PLD), which hydrolyzes phosphatidylcholine (PtdCho) to phosphatidic acid (PtdOH) and choline. We found that both meiosis and spore formation also require the phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns)/PtdCho transport protein Sec14p. Specific ablation of the PtdIns transport activity of Sec14p was sufficient to impair spore formation but not meiosis. Overexpression of Pik1p, a PtdIns 4-kinase, suppressed the sec14-1 meiosis and spore formation defects; conversely, pik1-ts diploids failed to undergo meiosis and spore formation. The PtdIns(4)P 5-kinase, Mss4p, also is essential for spore formation. Use of phosphoinositide-specific GFP-PH domain reporters confirmed that PtdIns(4,5)P2 is enriched in prospore membranes. sec14, pik1, and mss4 mutants displayed decreased Spo14p PLD activity, whereas absence of Spo14p did not affect phosphoinositide levels in vivo, suggesting that formation of PtdIns(4,5)P2 is important for Spo14p activity. Spo14p-generated PtdOH appears to have an essential role in sporulation, because treatment of cells with 1-butanol, which supports Spo14p-catalyzed PtdCho breakdown but leads to production of Cho and Ptd-butanol, blocks spore formation at concentrations where the inert isomer, 2-butanol, has little effect. Thus, rather than a role for PtdOH in stimulating PtdIns(4,5)P2 formation, our findings indicate that during sporulation, Spo14p-mediated PtdOH production functions downstream of Sec14p-, Pik1p-, and Mss4p-dependent PtdIns(4,5)P2 synthesis.
Planet Sensitivity from Combined Ground- and Space-based Microlensing Observations
Creators: name: Zhu, Wei
name: Gould, Andrew
name: Beichman, Charles
name: Novati, Sebastiano Calchi
name: Carey, Sean
name: Gaudi, B. Scott
name: Henderson, Calen B.
name: Penny, Matthew
name: Shvartzvald, Yossi
name: Yee, Jennifer C.
name: Udalski, A.
name: Poleski, R.
name: Skowron, J.
name: Kozlowski, S.
name: Mroz, P.
name: Pietrukowicz, P.
name: Pietrzynski, G.
name: Szymanski, M. K.
name: Soszynski, I.
name: Ulaczyk, K.
name: Wyrzykowski, L.
name: Abe, F.
name: Barry, R. K.
name: Bennett, D. P.
name: Bhattacharya, A.
name: Bond, I. A.
name: Freeman, M.
name: Fukui, A.
name: Hirao, Y.
name: Itow, Y.
name: Koshimoto, N.
name: Ling, H.
name: Masuda, K.
name: Matsubara, Y.
name: Muraki, Y.
name: Nagakane, M.
name: Ohnishi, K.
name: Saito, To.
name: Sullivan, D. J.
name: Sumi, T.
name: Suzuki, D.
name: Tristram, P. J.
name: Rattenbury, N.
name: Wakiyama, Y.
name: Yonehara, A.
name: Maoz, D.
name: Kaspi, S.
name: Friedmann, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To move one step forward toward a Galactic distribution of planets, we present the first planet sensitivity analysis for microlensing events with simultaneous observations from space and the ground. We present this analysis for two such events, OGLE-2014-BLG-0939 and OGLE-2014-BLG-0124, which both show substantial planet sensitivity even though neither of them reached high magnification. This suggests that an ensemble of low to moderate magnification events can also yield significant planet sensitivity and therefore probability to detect planets. The implications of our results to the ongoing and future space-based microlensing experiments to measure the Galactic distribution of planets are discussed.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures, 1 table; ApJ in press
Palladated Nanocomposite of Halloysite-Nitrogen-Doped Porous Carbon Prepared from a Novel Cyano-/Nitrile-Free Task Specific Ionic Liquid: An Efficient Catalyst for Hydrogenation
Creators: name: Heravi, Majid Mommahed
name: Samahe Sadjadi
name: Akbari, Maryam
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 30302 Nanochemistry and Supramolecular Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 30502 Natural Products Chemistry
subject: Nuclear Chemistry
subject: 30205 Non-metal Chemistry
subject: 30503 Organic Chemical Synthesis
subject: 30303 Optical Properties of Materials
subject: Organic Chemistry
subject: 30599 Organic Chemistry not elsewhere classified
subject: 30504 Organic Green Chemistry
subject: 39904 Organometallic Chemistry

description: A novel nitrile-/cyano-free ionic liquid was synthesized and carbonized under two different carbonization methods in the presence of ZnCl2 as a catalyst to afford N-doped carbon materials. It was found that the carbonization condition could affect the nature and textural properties of the resulting carbon. In the following, ionic liquid-derived carbon was hybridized with naturally occurring halloysite nanotubes via two procedures, that is, hydrothermal treatment of halloysite and as-prepared carbon and carbonization of ionic liquid in the presence of halloysite. The two novel nanocomposites were then used for stabilizing Pd nanoparticles. Examining the structures and catalytic activities of the resulting catalysts for the hydrogenation of nitroarenes in aqueous media showed that the carbonization procedure and hybridization method could affect the structure and the catalytic activity of the catalysts and hydrothermal approach, in which the structure of halloysite is preserved, leading to the catalyst with superior catalytic activity.
title: Multimodal anatofunctional imaging in Lung Cancer: review, new imaging tools and perspectives
Creators: name: Jaffer, Sharmeen
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Lung
subject: Nuclear medicine
subject: CT
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: PET-CT
subject: Radiation therapy / Oncology
subject: Cancer
subject: Image guided radiotherapy

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: Discussion of the potential role and pitfalls of whole-body magnetic resonance imaging (WB-MRI) in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with reference to the multicentre Streamline L trial (Lancet 2019) and National Institute for Health and Care...
Quantum and Wave Dynamical Chaos in Superconducting Microwave Billiards
Creators: name: Dietz, B.
name: Richter, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Experiments with superconducting microwave cavities have been performed in our laboratory for more than two decades. The purpose of the present article is to recapitulate some of the highlights achieved. We briefly review (i) results obtained with flat, cylindrical microwave resonators, so-called microwave billiards, concerning the universal fluctuation properties of the eigenvalues of classically chaotic systems with no, a threefold and a broken symmetry; (ii) summarize our findings concerning the wave-dynamical chaos in three-dimensional microwave cavities; (iii) present a new approach for the understanding of the phenomenon of dynamical tunneling which was developed on the basis of experiments that were performed recently with unprecedented precision, and finally, (iv) give an insight into an ongoing project, where we investigate universal properties of (artificial) graphene with superconducting microwave photonic crystals that are enclosed in a microwave resonator, i.e., so-called Dirac billiards.
title: Imaging Concepts and New Horizons in the Lymphomas – PET/MRI, DWI, MRI Treatment Response Assessment Maps (TRAMs): review and new perspectives.
Creators: name: Pendower, Laura
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Haematologic
subject: Lymph nodes
subject: Oncology
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: PET-CT
subject: PET-MR
subject: Staging
subject: Leukaemia
subject: Lymphoma

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: To review the current literature evidence base for the use of PET/MRI and Diffusion Weighted Imaging (DWI) in lymphoproliferative disorders (LPDs). To present, with examples, our experience of using new imaging techniques in the diagnosis and...
Spindle Formation in Aspergillus Is Coupled to Tubulin Movement into the Nucleus
Creators: name: Oakley, Berl R.
name: Salmon, Edward D.
name: Maddox, Paul
name: Xiang, Xin
name: Osmani, Stephen A.
name: Oakley, C. Elizabeth
name: Ovechkina, Yulia
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2003

description: In many important organisms, including many algae and most fungi, the nuclear envelope does not disassemble during mitosis. This fact raises the possibility that mitotic onset and/or exit might be regulated, in part, by movement of important mitotic proteins into and out of the nucleoplasm. We have used two methods to determine whether tubulin levels in the nucleoplasm are regulated in the fungus Aspergillus nidulans. First, we have used benomyl to disassemble microtubules and create a pool of free tubulin that can be readily observed by immunofluorescence. We find that tubulin is substantially excluded from interphase nuclei, but is present in mitotic nuclei. Second, we have observed a green fluorescent protein/α-tubulin fusion in living cells by time-lapse spinning-disk confocal microscopy. We find that tubulin is excluded from interphase nuclei, enters the nucleus seconds before the mitotic spindle begins to form, and is removed from the nucleoplasm during the M-to-G1 transition. Our data indicate that regulation of intranuclear tubulin levels plays an important, perhaps essential, role in the control of mitotic spindle formation in A. nidulans. They suggest that regulation of protein movement into the nucleoplasm may be important for regulating mitotic onset in organisms with intranuclear mitosis.
title: Postsurgical abdomen. Basic topics for its correct interpretation.
Creators: name: Perdomo Saavedra, Juan Daniel
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: Biliary Tract / Gallbladder
subject: Colon
subject: CT
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Education and training
subject: Infection
subject: Obstruction / Occlusion

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: The purpose of this presentation is firstly to present the most frequent findings in a general way according to the organs involved in the surgery, and more specifically, the technical aspects of the most frequent surgeries and their specific...
The Association between Integrin-associated Protein and SHPS-1 Regulates Insulin-like Growth Factor-I Receptor Signaling in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells
Creators: name: Badley-Clarke, Jane
name: Clemmons, David R.
name: Maile, Laura A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2003

description: Growth factor signaling is usually analyzed in isolation without considering the effect of ligand occupancy of transmembrane proteins other than the growth factor receptors themselves. In smooth muscle cells, the transmembrane protein Src homology 2 domain containing protein tyrosine phosphatase substrate-1 (SHPS-1) has been shown to be an important regulator of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) signaling. SHPS-1 is phosphorylated in response to IGF-I, leading to recruitment of Src homology 2 domain tyrosine phosphatase (SHP-2). Subsequently, SHP-2 is transferred to IGF-I receptor and regulates the duration of IGF-I receptor phosphorylation. Whether ligand occupancy of SHPS-1 influences SHPS-1 phosphorylation or SHP-2 recruitment, thereby altering growth factor signaling, is unknown. Previous studies have shown that integrin associated protein (IAP) associates with SHPS-1. We undertook these studies to determine whether this interaction controlled SHPS-1 phosphorylation and/or SHP-2 recruitment and thereby regulated IGF-I signaling. Disruption of IAP-SHPS-1 binding, by using an IAP monoclonal antibody or cells expressing mutant forms of IAP that did not bind to SHPS-1, inhibited IGF-I–stimulated SHPS-1 phosphorylation and SHP-2 recruitment. This was associated with a lack of SHP-2 transfer to IGF-I receptor and sustained receptor phosphorylation. This resulted in an inability of IGF-I to stimulate sustained mitogen-activated protein kinase activation, cell proliferation, and cell migration. The effect was specific for IGF-I because disruption of the IAP–SHPS-1 interaction had no effect on platelet-derived growth factor-stimulated SHPS-1 phosphorylation or cell migration. In summary, our results show that 1) ligand occupancy of SHPS-1 is a key determinant of its ability to be phosphorylated after IGF-I stimulation, and 2) the interaction between IAP and SHPS-1 is an important regulator of IGF-I signaling because disruption of the results in impaired SHP-2 recruitment and subsequent inhibition of IGF-I–stimulated cell proliferation and migration.
Where to look for natural supersymmetry
Creators: name: AbdusSalam, S. S.
name: Velasco-Sevilla, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Why is natural supersymmetry neither detected nor ruled-out to date? To answer this question we use the Bayesian approach where the emphasis on finding prior-independent features within broader and minimally biased frames is taken as the guiding principle. The 20-parameter minimal supersymmetric standard model (MSSM) fits to subjective naturalness indicate the existence of a prior-independent upper bound on the pseudoscalar Higgs boson mass $m_A$ as a function of $\tan β$, the ratio of the vacuum expectation values of the MSSM Higgs doublets. For a 30-parameter MSSM this implies that $m_A \lesssim 3$ TeV and $\tan β\lesssim 25$ at 95\% Bayesian confidence. Removing the contradictory subjectiveness within the electroweak fine-tuning measure leads to finding the naturalness line, $m_A \sim \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}} \, m_Z \, \tan β,$ that reduces by one the number of MSSM Higgs sector free parameters.
description: v3: minor changes, published in PRD
title: Aneurysmal bone cysts: the role of interventional radiology
Creators: name: Freitas, Patrícia
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Interventional non-vascular
subject: Interventional vascular
subject: Musculoskeletal bone
subject: CT
subject: Fluoroscopy
subject: MR
subject: Arterial access
subject: Embolisation
subject: Sclerosis
subject: Neoplasia
subject: Pathology

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: To review the etiology, epidemiology, and clinical features of the aneurysmal bone cysts (ABC). To describe the imaging features of the aneurysmal bone cysts and approach the differential diagnosis. To review different treatment strategies in this...
The Role of Cdc42p GTPase-activating Proteins in Assembly of the Septin Ring in Yeast
Creators: name: Caviston, Juliane P.
name: Bi, Erfei
name: Pringle, John R.
name: Longtine, Mark
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2003

description: The septins are a conserved family of GTP-binding, filament-forming proteins. In the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the septins form a ring at the mother-bud neck that appears to function primarily by serving as a scaffold for the recruitment of other proteins to the neck, where they participate in cytokinesis and a variety of other processes. Formation of the septin ring depends on the Rho-type GTPase Cdc42p but appears to be independent of the actin cytoskeleton. In this study, we investigated further the mechanisms of septin-ring formation. Fluorescence-recovery-after-photobleaching (FRAP) experiments indicated that the initial septin structure at the presumptive bud site is labile (exchanges subunits freely) but that it is converted into a stable ring as the bud emerges. Mutants carrying the cdc42V36G allele or lacking two or all three of the known Cdc42p GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs: Bem3p, Rga1p, and Rga2p) could recruit the septins to the cell cortex but were blocked or delayed in forming a normal septin ring and had accompanying morphogenetic defects. These phenotypes were dramatically enhanced in mutants that were also defective in Cla4p or Gin4p, two protein kinases previously shown to be important for normal septin-ring formation. The Cdc42p GAPs colocalized with the septins both early and late in the cell cycle, and overexpression of the GAPs could suppress the septin-organization and morphogenetic defects of temperature-sensitive septin mutants. Taken together, the data suggest that formation of the mature septin ring is a process that consists of at least two distinguishable steps, recruitment of the septin proteins to the presumptive bud site and their assembly into the stable septin ring. Both steps appear to depend on Cdc42p, whereas the Cdc42p GAPs and the other proteins known to promote normal septin-ring formation appear to function in a partially redundant manner in the assembly step. In addition, because the eventual formation of a normal septin ring in a cdc42V36G or GAP mutant was invariably accompanied by a switch from an abnormally elongated to a more normal bud morphology distal to the ring, it appears that the septin ring plays a direct role in determining the pattern of bud growth.
The Saccharomyces cerevisiae Spindle Pole Body Is a Dynamic Structure
Creators: name: Pearson, Chad G.
name: Davis, Trisha N.
name: Bloom, Kerry
name: Yoder, Tennessee J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2003

description: During spindle pole body (SPB) duplication, the new SPB is assembled at a distinct site adjacent to the old SPB. Using quantitative fluorescence methods, we studied the assembly and dynamics of the core structural SPB component Spc110p. The SPB core exhibits both exchange and growth in a cell cycle-dependent manner. During G1/S phase, the old SPB exchanges ∼50% of old Spc110p for new Spc110p. In G2 little Spc110p is exchangeable. Thus, Spc110p is dynamic during G1/S and becomes stable during G2. The SPB incorporates additional Spc110p in late G2 and M phases; this growth is followed by reduction in the next G1. Spc110p addition to the SPBs (growth) also occurs in response to G2 and mitotic arrests but not during a G1 arrest. Our results reveal several dynamic features of the SPB core: cell cycle-dependent growth and reduction, growth in response to cell cycle arrests, and exchange of Spc110p during SPB duplication. Moreover, rather than being considered a conservative or dispersive process, the assembly of Spc110p into the SPB is more readily considered in terms of growth and exchange.
Directives sur la dépersonnalisation des données
Creators: name: Groupe De Travail Sur La COVID-19 Du Réseau Portage
name: Thompson, Kristi
name: Clary, Erin
name: Costanzo, Lucia
name: Knazook, Beth
name: Rochlin, Nick
name: Tayler, Felicity
name: Fry, Jane
name: Ripp, Chantal
name: Szigeti, Kathy
name: Zhang, Qian
name: Reka, Roger
name: Minglu Wang
name: Dickson, Rebecca
name: Leggott, Mark
name: Parlette-Stewart, Melanie
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: Cette directive a pour but d’aider les chercheurs à minimiser les risques de divulgation quand ils partagent des données recueillies auprès de participants humains.
Yeast Kinetochores Do Not Stabilize Stu2p-dependent Spindle Microtubule Dynamics
Creators: name: Bloom, Kerry
name: Pearson, Chad G.
name: Zarzar, Ted R.
name: Maddox, Paul S.
name: Salmon, E. D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2003

description: The interaction of kinetochores with dynamic microtubules during mitosis is essential for proper centromere motility, congression to the metaphase plate, and subsequent anaphase chromosome segregation. Budding yeast has been critical in the discovery of proteins necessary for this interaction. However, the molecular mechanism for microtubule–kinetochore interactions remains poorly understood. Using live cell imaging and mutations affecting microtubule binding proteins and kinetochore function, we identify a regulatory mechanism for spindle microtubule dynamics involving Stu2p and the core kinetochore component, Ndc10p. Depleting cells of the microtubule binding protein Stu2p reduces kinetochore microtubule dynamics. Centromeres remain under tension but lack motility. Thus, normal microtubule dynamics are not required to maintain tension at the centromere. Loss of the kinetochore (ndc10-1, ndc10-2, and ctf13-30) does not drastically affect spindle microtubule turnover, indicating that Stu2p, not the kinetochore, is the foremost governor of microtubule dynamics. Disruption of kinetochore function with ndc10-1 does not affect the decrease in microtubule turnover in stu2 mutants, suggesting that the kinetochore is not required for microtubule stabilization. Remarkably, a partial kinetochore defect (ndc10-2) suppresses the decreased spindle microtubule turnover in the absence of Stu2p. These results indicate that Stu2p and Ndc10p differentially function in controlling kinetochore microtubule dynamics necessary for centromere movements.
(401620) John Smith Johnston
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
A Role for Sorting Nexin 2 in Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Down-regulation: Evidence for Distinct Functions of Sorting Nexin 1 and 2 in Protein Trafficking
Creators: name: Gullapalli, Anuradha
name: Paing, May M.
name: Trejo, Jo Ann
name: Griffin, Courtney T.
name: Garrett, Tiana A.
name: Yang, Yonghua
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2004

description: Sorting nexin 1 (SNX1) and SNX2, homologues of the yeast vacuolar protein-sorting (Vps)5p, contain a phospholipid-binding motif termed the phox homology (PX) domain and a carboxyl terminal coiled-coil region. A role for SNX1 in trafficking of cell surface receptors from endosomes to lysosomes has been proposed; however, the function of SNX2 remains unknown. Toward understanding the function of SNX2, we first examined the distribution of endogenous protein in HeLa cells. We show that SNX2 resides primarily in early endosomes, whereas SNX1 is found partially in early endosomes and in tubulovesicular-like structures distributed throughout the cytoplasm. We also demonstrate that SNX1 interacts with the mammalian retromer complex through its amino terminal domain, whereas SNX2 does not. Moreover, activated endogenous epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) colocalizes markedly with SNX2-positive endosomes, but minimally with SNX1-containing vesicles. To assess SNX2 function, we examined the effect of a PX domain-mutated SNX2 that is defective in vesicle localization on EGFR trafficking. Mutant SNX2 markedly inhibited agonist-induced EGFR degradation, whereas internalization remained intact. In contrast, SNX1 PX domain mutants failed to effect EGFR degradation, whereas a SNX1 deletion mutant significantly inhibited receptor down-regulation. Interestingly, knockdown of SNX1 and SNX2 expression by RNA interference failed to alter agonist-induced EGFR down-regulation. Together, these findings suggest that both SNX1 and SNX2 are involved in regulating lysosomal sorting of internalized EGFR, but neither protein is essential for this process. These studies are the first to demonstrate a function for SNX2 in protein trafficking.
title: The petrous apex. A radiologist's manual.
Creators: name: López Beneyto, Jorge
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Ear / Nose / Throat
subject: MR
subject: Education
subject: Education and training

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: To know the anatomy of the petrous apex and its limits. To review the most frequent lesions in this location. To explain the behavior of MRI and CT in the different lesions that can occur in the petrosal apex. To propose an algorithm that helps...
Spectroscopic infrared extinction mapping as a probe of grain growth in IRDCs
Creators: name: Lim, Wanggi
name: Carey, Sean J.
name: Tan, Jonathan C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present spectroscopic tests of MIR to FIR extinction laws in IRDC G028.36+00.07, a potential site of massive star and star cluster formation. Lim & Tan (2014) developed methods of FIR extinction mapping of this source using ${\it Spitzer}$-MIPS ${\rm 24μm}$ and ${\it Herschel}$-PACS ${\rm 70μm}$ images, and by comparing to MIR ${\it Spitzer}$-IRAC $3$--${\rm 8μm}$ extinction maps, found tentative evidence for grain growth in the highest mass surface density regions. Here we present results of spectroscopic infrared extinction (SIREX) mapping using ${\it Spitzer}$-IRS (14 to ${\rm 38μm}$) data of the same IRDC. These methods allow us to first measure the SED of the diffuse Galactic ISM that is in the foreground of the IRDC. We then carry out our primary investigation of measuring the MIR to FIR opacity law and searching for potential variations as a function of mass surface density within the IRDC. We find relatively flat, featureless MIR-FIR opacity laws that lack the $\sim{\rm 12μm}$ and $\sim{\rm 35μm}$ features associated with the thick water ice mantle models of Ossenkopf & Henning (1994). Their thin ice mantle models and the coagulating aggregate dust models of Ormel et al. (2011) are a generally better match to the observed opacity laws. We also find evidence for generally flatter MIR to FIR extinction laws as mass surface density increases, strengthening the evidence for grain and ice mantle growth in higher density regions.
description: 12 pages, 12 Figures, 1 Table, Accepted to be published to ApJ
Digital Libraries User Personas Best Practices
Creators: name: York, Cynthia
name: Young, Scott W. H.
name: Dragovic, Nik
name: Thornhill, Kate
name: Whysel, Noreen
name: Melton, Sarah
name: Waggoner, Jess
name: Sanchez, Joshua Ethan
name: Colt, Jennifer
name: Davis, Shannon
name: Marshall, Hannah
name: Perez, Diego Fernando Avella
name: Pilato, Victoria
name: Perrin, Joy M.
Publisher: name: OSF
Year: 2017
Subjects: DLF
best practices
user experience
user personas

description: The aim of this project is to create a web resource for digital library (DL) practitioners to reference when creating user personas for development and maintenance of digital libraries. First, the UX Working Group plans to to reach out to libraries, museums, and archives and gather examples of personas designed for DLs. After gathering these resources, the group will evaluate to identify commonalities, differences, and gaps. A summary of work will then be used to support the creation of a best practice guide that is informed by user personas research internal and external to DL practitioners. The final output of this project will be a web resource that includes best practices and highlighted DL user personas from libraries, museums, and archives. This online resource will be made available through the Digital Library Federation.
title: Automatic classification and segmentation of dental panoramic radiographs using a mask regional convolutional neural network
Creators: name: Heinrich, Andreas
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence
subject: Conventional radiography
subject: Physics
subject: Segmentation
subject: Technology assessment
subject: Forensics

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: Artificial neural networks offer a great potential for automatic classification and segmentation of radiological images. This additional information can, for example, further improve and accelerate the identification of unknown individuals by...
Bipolarization and Poleward Flux Correlate during Xenopus Extract Spindle Assembly
Creators: name: Kapoor, T. M.
name: Cameron, L.
name: Desai, A.
name: Maddox, P.
name: Groen, A.
name: Salmon, E. D.
name: Ohi, R.
name: Perlman, Z.
name: Mitchison, T. J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2004

description: We investigated the mechanism by which meiotic spindles become bipolar and the correlation between bipolarity and poleward flux, using Xenopus egg extracts. By speckle microscopy and computational alignment, we find that monopolar sperm asters do not show evidence for flux, partially contradicting previous work. We account for the discrepancy by describing spontaneous bipolarization of sperm asters that was missed previously. During spontaneous bipolarization, onset of flux correlated with onset of bipolarity, implying that antiparallel microtubule organization may be required for flux. Using a probe for TPX2 in addition to tubulin, we describe two pathways that lead to spontaneous bipolarization, new pole assembly near chromatin, and pole splitting. By inhibiting the Ran pathway with excess importin-alpha, we establish a role for chromatin-derived, antiparallel overlap bundles in generating the sliding force for flux, and we examine these bundles by electron microscopy. Our results highlight the importance of two processes, chromatin-initiated microtubule nucleation, and sliding forces generated between antiparallel microtubules, in self-organization of spindle bipolarity and poleward flux.
title: Energy footprint project: globalization of computed tomography performance
Creators: name: Montesinos Aguayo, Lucia
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer applications
subject: Professional issues
subject: CT
subject: Radiation safety
subject: Technical aspects
subject: Education and training

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: Protocol homogenization, dose reduction and workflow improvement have been the pillars on which this project, led by the Andalusian Health Service in Spain, has built one of the most important Advanced and multidisciplinary Center for Image...
title: Surface osteosarcomas: imaging and histological characteristics.
Creators: name: Martins, João Manuel
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Bones
subject: Musculoskeletal system
subject: Oncology
subject: Conventional radiography
subject: MR
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Cancer

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: Surface osteosarcomas are uncommon lesions subdivided into paraosteal, an osteosarcoma that develops from the outer fibrous layer of the periosteum; periosteal, an osteosarcoma that develops from the inner, germinative layer of the periosteum (the...
Hyperon Semileptonic decay constants with flavor SU(3) symmetry breaking
Creators: name: Yang, Ghil-Seok
name: Kim, Hyun-Chul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the hyperon semileptonic decay constants, $f_2/f_1$, and $g_1/f_1$, within a general framework of a chiral soliton model. All relevant parameters for the SU(3) baryon wave functions were unambiguously determined by using the experimental data for the masses of the baryon octet and the decuplet. Using then the existing experimental data for the magnetic moments of the baryon octet and the decay constants of hyperon semileptonic decays, we are able to determine all the hyperon semileptonic decay constants $f_2/f_1$ and $g_1/f_1$ of the baryon octet unequivocally. In addition, we also present the results of the axial-vector transition constants from the baryon decuplet to the octet.
description: 20pages, no figure
Cascade process for direct synthesis of indeno[1,2-b]furans and indeno[1,2-b]pyrroles from diketene and ninhydrin
Creators: name: Heravi, Majid Mommahed
name: Fatemeh Moradi,
name: Fatemeh Moradi,
name: Vahideh Zadsirjan
name: Mohammadnejad, Masoumeh
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 30302 Nanochemistry and Supramolecular Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 30502 Natural Products Chemistry
subject: 30205 Non-metal Chemistry
subject: Nuclear Chemistry
subject: 30303 Optical Properties of Materials
subject: 30503 Organic Chemical Synthesis
subject: Organic Chemistry
subject: 30599 Organic Chemistry not elsewhere classified
subject: 30504 Organic Green Chemistry
subject: 39904 Organometallic Chemistry

description: Novel and efficient multicomponent reactions (MCRs) involving diketene, ninhydrin (indane-1,2,3-trione) and one primary amine (3CR) or two different primary amines (4CR) were achieved for the successful synthesis of dihydro-4H-indeno[1,2-b]furan-3-carboxamides or tetrahydroindeno[1,2-b]pyrrole-3-carboxamides, respectively. The merits of this method are highlighted by using either commercially available or easily accessible starting materials, operational simplicity, facile workup procedure, efficient usage of all the reactants, tolerance of a variety of functional groups and ability to conduct under un-catalyzed reaction condition. The products were also isolated by just decantation of the solvent, and for the purification column chromatography was non-required.
title: Cross-sectional anatomy and pathology of the thigh in MR imaging
Creators: name: Campos Arenas, María Rosario
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Musculoskeletal soft tissue
subject: MR
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Inflammation
subject: Neoplasia
subject: Trauma

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: Review the anatomy, MR imaging and main features in the pathology of the...