cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
An Improved Active Frequency Drift Method for Anti-Islanding Based on Correlation Technique
Creators: name: Yu, B.-G.
name: Kim, K.
name: Yu, G.-J.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
Balance of System Components

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 4413-4415
description: In order to prevent islanding, many anti-islanding methods have been researched since 1980. One of the
most known anti-islanding methods is an active frequency drift (AFD) method. This AFD method makes the PV inverter
operating frequency to be reached out over frequency or under frequency relay. By depending on the frequency relays to
determine islanding, it takes more time to detect islanding and also it can generate large harmonic components for antiislanding.
In response to this concern, this paper presents an improved active frequency drift method for anti-islanding by
using correlation technique. Without depending on the frequency relays, the proposed method uses a calculated correlation
factor to determine islanding. The proposed method uses the characteristics of which the distorted current by AFD method
had a strong correlation with the frequency of PV output voltage when islanding occurred. On the other hand, when the grid
is connected, the PV inverter voltage is dominated by the rigid grid voltage source and it had a week correlation with the
distorted current by AFD method. As a result, the proposed method has high islanding detection capability and also it can
detect islanding faster with higher power quality rather than depending on the frequency relays.
Dynamics of a Probable Earth-mass Planet in GJ 832 System
Creators: name: Satyal, S.
name: Griffith, J.
name: Musielak, Z. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Stability of planetary orbits around the GJ 832 star system, which contains inner (GJ 832c) and outer (GJ 832b) planets, is investigated numerically and a detailed phase-space analysis is performed. A special emphasis is given to the existence of stable orbits for a planet less than 15M$_\oplus$ which is injected between the inner and outer planets. Thus, numerical simulations are performed for three and four bodies in elliptical orbits (or circular for special cases) by using a large number of initial conditions that cover the selected phase-spaces of the planet's orbital parameters. The results presented in the phase-space maps for GJ 832c indicate the least deviation of eccentricity from its nominal value, which is then used to determine its inclination regime relative to the star-outer planet plane. Also, the injected planet displays stable orbital configurations for at least one billion years. Then, the radial velocity curves based on the signature from the Keplerian motion are generated for the injected planets with masses 1M$_\oplus$ to 15M$_\oplus$ in order to estimate their semimajor axes and mass-limit. The synthetic RV signal suggests that an additional planet of mass $\le$ 15M$_\oplus$ with dynamically stable configuration may be residing between 0.25 - 2.0 AU from the star. We have provided an estimated number of RV observations for the additional planet that is required for further observational verification.
description: Accepted for Publication at ApJ, 17 pages (11 figures)
Analysis of Annealing and Degradation Effects on a-Si PV Modules
Creators: name: Pola, I.
name: Chianese, D.
name: Fanni, L.
name: Rudel, R.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: Thin Films
Amorphous and Microcrystalline Silicon

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 2301-2304
description: This study aims to delve into annealing and degradation mechanisms observed for amorphous silicon modules during outdoor operation. Particular interest is devoted to finding optimum conditions for the annealing process, in terms of temperature level and heating period, leading to high efficiency recovery in degraded amorphous silicon modules.
The interest to thoroughly investigate the characteristics of these two processes comes from the encouraging results obtained with a thermally insulated a-Si PV plant [1]. Findings showed that the better thermal behaviour and annealing processes of a-Si compared to c-Si technologies compensated a significant part of losses due to the nearly horizontal roof integration.
Thus far an analysis on four Riverclack® Elios Deck PV modules has been carried out. Initially the modules have been exposed to outdoor conditions for degradation and subsequently followed different indoor annealing cycles at various temperatures and periods of heating. First results showed important annealing effect already at 80°C and an almost full degradation recovery after heating at 90-100°C for a period of 8-12 hours.
Future works aim to study annealing and degradation effects directly on modules installed and monitored outdoors.
WebSHAP: Towards Explaining Any Machine Learning Models Anywhere
Creators: name: Wang, Zijie J.
name: Chau, Duen Horng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: As machine learning (ML) is increasingly integrated into our everyday Web experience, there is a call for transparent and explainable web-based ML. However, existing explainability techniques often require dedicated backend servers, which limit their usefulness as the Web community moves toward in-browser ML for lower latency and greater privacy. To address the pressing need for a client-side explainability solution, we present WebSHAP, the first in-browser tool that adapts the state-of-the-art model-agnostic explainability technique SHAP to the Web environment. Our open-source tool is developed with modern Web technologies such as WebGL that leverage client-side hardware capabilities and make it easy to integrate into existing Web ML applications. We demonstrate WebSHAP in a usage scenario of explaining ML-based loan approval decisions to loan applicants. Reflecting on our work, we discuss the opportunities and challenges for future research on transparent Web ML. WebSHAP is available at https://github.com/poloclub/webshap.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures. Accepted at the ACM Web Conference 2023 (WWW 2023). For a live demo, visit https://poloclub.github.io/webshap/. Code is open-source at https://github.com/poloclub/webshap
Nano- and micro-structures in lunar zircon from Apollo 15 and 16 impactites: implications for age interpretations
Creators: name: Kusiak, Monika A.
name: Kovaleva, Elizaveta
name: Vanderliek, Dennis
name: Becker, Harry
name: Wilke, Franziska
name: Schreiber, Anja
name: Wirth, Richard
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Lunar zircon
subject: Nanostructures
subject: Zircon textures
subject: Baddeleyite
subject: Cubic zirconia
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::550 Geowissenschaften, Geologie::550 Geowissenschaften

description: Meteorite impact processes are ubiquitous on the surfaces of rocky and icy bodies in the Solar System, including the Moon. One of the most common accessory minerals, zircon, when shocked, produces specific micro-structures that may become indicative of the age and shock conditions of these impact processes. To better understand the shock mechanisms in zircon from Apollo 15 and 16 impact breccias, we applied transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and studied nano-structures in eight lunar zircons displaying four different morphologies from breccias 15455, 67915, and 67955. Our observations revealed a range of shock-related features in zircon: (1) planar and non-planar fractures, (2) “columnar” zircon rims around baddeleyite cores, (3) granular textured zircon, in most cases with sub-µm-size inclusions of monoclinic ZrO2 (baddeleyite) and cubic ZrO2 (zirconia), (4) silica-rich glass and metal inclusions of FeS and FeNi present at triple junctions in granular zircon and in baddeleyite, (5) inclusions of rutile in shocked baddeleyite, (6) amorphous domains, (7) recrystallized domains. In many grain aggregates, shock-related micro-structures overprint each other, indicating either different stages of a single impact process or multiple impact events. During shock, some zircons were transformed to diaplectic glass (6), and others (7) were completely decomposed into SiO2 and Zr-oxide, evident from the observed round shapes of cubic zirconia and silica-rich glass filling triple junctions of zircon granules. Despite the highly variable effect on textures and Zr phases, shock-related features show no correlation with relatively homogeneous U–Pb or 207Pb/206Pb ages of zircons. Either the shock events occurred very soon after the solidification or recrystallization of the different Zr phases, or the shock events were too brief to result in noticeable Pb loss during shock metamorphism.
Philemon eichhorni Rothschild and Hartert
Creators: name: , Mary
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Passeriformes
Meliphagidae
Philemon

description: Philemon eichhorni Rothschild and Hartert Philemon eichhorni Rothschild and Hartert, 1924: 8 (Hills on S.W. coast of New Ireland). Now Philemon eichhorni Rothschild and Hartert, 1924. See Salomonsen, 1967: 410, Coates, 1990: 254–255, and Higgins et al., 2008: 681–682. HOLOTYPE: AMNH 697200, adult male, collected on the southwest coast of New Ireland, 2500 ft, 03.20S, 152.00E (PNG, 1984), New Ireland Province, Papua New Guinea, on 22 January 1924, by Albert F. Eichhorn (no. 8981). From the Rothschild Collection. COMMENTS: Rothschild and Hartert gave Eichhorn’s unique field number of the holotype in the original description. Hartert (1925: 133), in his report on Eichhorn’s New Ireland collection, noted that nine specimens were collected, but Eichhorn’s field numbers were not listed. Eight of these specimens came to AMNH. The seven paratypes in AMNH are: males, AMNH 697197 (Eichhorn no. 8839), 5 December 1923; AMNH 697198 (8878), 17 December 1923; AMNH 697199 (8939), 3 January 1924; females, AMNH 697201 (9001), 26 January 1924; AMNH 697202 (8829), 1 December 1923; AMNH 697203 (9023), 5 February 1924; AMNH 697204 (9036), 8 February 1924.
description: Published as part of Mary, 2011, Type Specimens Of Birds In The American Museum Of Natural History Part 9. Passeriformes: Zosteropidae And Meliphagidae, pp. 1-193 in Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2011 (348) on page 127
description: {"references": ["Rothschild, W., and E. Hartert. 1924. [Lord Rothschild and Dr. Ernst Hartert described a new species of lory and honey-eater from New Ireland \u2026: -]. Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club 45: 7 - 8.", "Salomonsen, F. 1967. Family Meliphagidae. In R. A. Paynter, Jr (editor), Check-list of birds of the world, vol. 12: 338 - 450. Cambridge, MA: Museum of Comparative Zoology, ix + 495 pp.", "Coates, B. J. 1990. The birds of Papua New Guinea. Vol. 2. Passerines. Alderley, Queensland: Dove Publications, 576 pp.", "Higgins, P. J., L. Christidis, and H. A. Ford. 2008. Meliphagidae (honeyeaters). In J. del Hoyo, A. Elliott, and D. Christie (editors), Handbook of birds of the world, vol. 13, Penduline-tits to shrikes: 498 - 691. Barcelona: Lynx Edicions, 879 pp., 60 pls., 536 photographs.", "Hartert, E. 1925. A collection of birds from New Ireland (Neu Mecklenburg). Novitates Zoologicae 32: 115 - 136."]}
Growth of Silicon Wire Arrays by Chemical Vapour Deposition for Radial Junction Solar Cells
Creators: name: Morin, C.
name: Kohen, D.
name: Tileli, V.
name: Faucherand, P.
name: Levis, M.
name: Perraud, S.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics: New Concepts and Ultra-high Efficiency
New Materials, Cells and Modules

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 612-613
description: Silicon wire arrays with excellent pattern fidelity over wafer-scale area were grown by chemical vapour
deposition, for applications in radial junction solar cells. Using a process based on a mixture of silane and hydrogen
chloride, the growth could be performed at temperatures as low as 600°C, which are compatible with the use of lowcost
substrates such as glass or metal foils.
A protocol for a type 1 effectiveness-implementation randomized controlled trial of the WHO digital mental health intervention Step-by-Step to address depression among Chinese young adults in Macao (SAR), China
Creators: name: Sit, Hao Fong
name: Li, Gen
name: Chen, Wen
name: Sou, Elvo Kuai Long
name: Wong, Mek
name: Burchert, Sebastian
name: Hong, Ieng Wai
name: Sit, Ho Yi
name: Lam, Agnes Iok Fong
name: Hall, Brian J.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Depression
subject: Behavioral activation
subject: Digital intervention
subject: College students
subject: Implementation
subject: Randomized controlled trial
subject: 100 Philosophie und Psychologie::150 Psychologie::150 Psychologie

description: Background Among Chinese college students, the burden of depression is considerably high, affecting up to 30 % of the population. Despite this burden, few Chinese students seek mental health treatment. In addition, depression is highly comorbid with other mental health disorders, such as anxiety. Scalable, transdiagnostic, evidence-based interventions are needed for this population. Objective The study will evaluate the effectiveness of a World Health Organization transdiagnostic digital mental health intervention, Step-by-Step, to reduce depressive and anxiety symptoms and improve well-being compared with enhanced care as usual and its implementation in a Chinese university community. Methods A type 1 effectiveness-implementation two-arm, parallel, randomized controlled trial will be conducted. The two conditions are 1) the 5-session Step-by-Step program with minimal guidance by trained peer-helpers and 2) psychoeducational information on depression and anxiety and referrals to local community services. A total of 334 Chinese university students will be randomized with a 1:1 ratio to either of the two groups. Depression, anxiety, wellbeing, and client defined problems will be assessed at pre-intervention, post-intervention, and 3-month follow-up. Endline qualitative interviews and focus group discussions will be conducted to explore SbS implementation among service users, university staff, and stakeholders. Data will be analysed based on the intent-to-treat principle. Discussion Step-by-Step is an innovative approach to address common mental health problems in populations with sufficient digital literacy. It is a promising intervention that can be embedded to scale mental health services within a university setting. It is anticipated that after successful evaluation of the program and its implementation in the type 1 hybrid design RCT study, Step-by-Step can be scaled and maintained as a low-intensity treatment in universities, and potentially extended to other populations within the Chinese community. Trial registration ChiCTR2100050214.
Fast radio bursts and their gamma-ray or radio afterglows as Kerr-Newman black hole binaries
Creators: name: Liu, Tong
name: Romero, Gustavo E.
name: Liu, Mo-Lin
name: Li, Ang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fast radio bursts (FRBs) are radio transients lasting only about a few milliseconds. They seem to occur at cosmological distances. We propose that these events can be originated in the collapse of the magnetosphere of Kerr-Newman black holes (KNBHs). We show that the closed orbits of charged particles in the magnetosphere of these objects are unstable. After examining the dependencies on the specific charge of the particle and the spin and charge of the KNBH, we conclude that the resulting timescale and radiation mechanism fit well with the extant observations of FRBs. Furthermore, we argue that the merger of a KNBH binary is one of the plausible central engines for potential gamma-ray or radio afterglow following a certain FRBs, and can also account for gravitational wave (GW) events like GW 150914. Our model leads to predictions that can be tested by combined multi-wavelength electromagnetic and GW observations.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Interfilament Resistance at 77 K in Striated HTS Coated Conductors
Creators: name: Gyuráki, R.
name: Godfrin, A.
name: Jung, A.
name: Kario, A.
name: Nast, R.
name: Demenčik, E.
name: Goldacker, W.
name: Grilli, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Striating HTS coated conductor (CC) tapes into narrow filaments offers the possibility of reducing the tapes' magnetization losses without unreasonably decreasing their current-carrying capability. However, realizing well-separated striations presents technological challenges, especially if the number of filaments is large and/or if a thick layer of metallic stabilizer is present. In these situations, the filaments can be easily coupled and their effectiveness to reduce magnetization losses is strongly diminished or eliminated. While the onset of coupling is well visible from magnetization loss measurements, the actual path of the coupling current is unknown. In this contribution we present a systematic study of the transverse resistance in HTS CC samples in order to get a deeper understanding of those paths. The measured samples differ in terms of manufacturer (SuperPower and SuperOx), and presence and thickness of stabilizer material. In addition, oxidation is used as a means to increase the resistance between the filaments in non-stabilized samples. The results are interpreted with a chain network model. This work provides useful insights on the factors determining the transverse resistance in striated HTS CCs, thus indicating ways to improve the effectiveness of the striation process for AC loss reduction.
Local synthesis of the phosphatidylinositol-3,4-bisphosphate lipid drives focal adhesion turnover
Creators: name: Posor, York
name: Kampyli, Charis
name: Bilanges, Benoit
name: Ganguli, Sushila
name: Koch, Philipp A.
name: Wallroth, Alexander
name: Morelli, Daniele
name: Jenkins, Michalina
name: Alliouachene, Samira
name: Haucke, Volker
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: local synthesis
subject: phosphatidylinositol-3,4-bisphosphate lipid
subject: focal adhesion turnover
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: Focal adhesions are multifunctional organelles that couple cell-matrix adhesion to cytoskeletal force transmission and signaling and to steer cell migration and collective cell behavior. Whereas proteomic changes at focal adhesions are well understood, little is known about signaling lipids in focal adhesion dynamics. Through the characterization of cells from mice with a kinase-inactivating point mutation in the class II PI3K-C2β, we find that generation of the phosphatidylinositol-3,4-bisphosphate (PtdIns(3,4)P2) membrane lipid promotes focal adhesion disassembly in response to changing environmental conditions. We show that reduced growth factor signaling sensed by protein kinase N, an mTORC2 target and effector of RhoA, synergizes with the adhesion disassembly factor DEPDC1B to induce local synthesis of PtdIns(3,4)P2 by PI3K-C2β. PtdIns(3,4)P2 then promotes turnover of RhoA-dependent stress fibers by recruiting the PtdIns(3,4)P2-dependent RhoA-GTPase-activating protein ARAP3. Our findings uncover a pathway by which cessation of growth factor signaling facilitates cell-matrix adhesion disassembly via a phosphoinositide lipid switch.
Reverse Biasing in the Process of Annealling of Amorphous Silicon Solar Cells and Modules
Creators: name: Luczak, K.
name: Grzesiak, W.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: Thin Films
Amorphous and Microcrystalline Silicon

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 2289-2291
description: Reverse biasing has been found to be helpful in effective degradation recovery of amorphous
silicon solar cells when strong light intensity is used as main factor during the annealing process. This paper
reports the application of reverse biasing during low temperature annealing of triple junction amorphous silicon
solar modules. The process of annealing was performed by application of small flat heaters above the surface of
modules. This way a substantial degree of regeneration of degraded efficiency of modules can be achieved. The
application of reverse biasing was expected to accelerate regeneration and to further increase the level of
regeneration. However, contrary to these expectations reverse biasing has just an opposite effect. The process of
regeneration of modules became slower and less efficient than without reverse biasing; as opposed to the
situation in laboratory single junction solar cells. The difference in the structure of cells and modules seems to
be responsible for the observed effect. It is now clear that field assisted defects recovery is not effective in triple
junction modules and reverse biasing can not be applied whilst attempting to improve the regeneration process
after degradation.
The occurrence of ansamers in the synthesis of cyclic peptides
Creators: name: Yao, Guiyang
name: Kosol, Simone
name: Wenz, Marius T.
name: Irran, Elisabeth
name: Keller, Bettina G.
name: Trapp, Oliver
name: Süssmuth, Roderich D.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Natural product synthesis
subject: Peptides
subject: Stereochemistry
subject: Structure elucidation
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften

description: α-Amanitin is a bicyclic octapeptide composed of a macrolactam with a tryptathionine cross-link forming a handle. Previously, the occurrence of isomers of amanitin, termed atropisomers has been postulated. Although the total synthesis of α-amanitin has been accomplished this aspect still remains unsolved. We perform the synthesis of amanitin analogs, accompanied by in-depth spectroscopic, crystallographic and molecular dynamics studies. The data unambiguously confirms the synthesis of two amatoxin-type isomers, for which we propose the term ansamers. The natural structure of the P-ansamer can be ansa-selectively synthesized using an optimized synthetic strategy. We believe that the here described terminology does also have implications for many other peptide structures, e.g. norbornapeptides, lasso peptides, tryptorubins and others, and helps to unambiguously describe conformational isomerism of cyclic peptides.
E2E Innovation in the Photovoltaic Solar Technology Roadmap
Creators: name: Krause, R.
name: Hovel, H.J.
name: Pfeiffer, G.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
Balance of System Components

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 4421-4423
description: The paper describes the value and requirements for an E2E (end to end) approach to realize an optimized
photovoltaic solar technology roadmap. E2E starts with an evaluation of the quality and reproducibility of the starting wafer
material to minimize variations in the finished cells, incorporates cell manufacturing quality control and improved cell
matching which ensures more reliable and efficient modules, and therefore optimizes the final system efficiency and cost.
Cell performance is determined by many criteria starting from raw silicon and raw wafer performance. Cell processing
presents many opportunities for improvement resulting in a more uniform distribution and higher average efficiency. The
performance of the module is very much dependent on the cell matching. The use of uniform, reliable sets of modules in the
system to feed the grid is critical to performance optimization, cost and grid balance. In the case of cell matching the typical
binning efficiency range on the cell level is around 0,5%. On the module level this range opens up to a roughly 1,5%
efficiency variation. On the grid level, the system would benefit from tighter performance monitoring and maintenance
management, with a granularity down to the individual module level as well as for the entire module string.
Utilization of E2E, coupled with smart grid and smart maintenance features, will enable large improvements in system
efficiency and bring us much faster towards grid parity.
The pulsating soft coral Xenia umbellata shows high resistance to warming when nitrate concentrations are low
Creators: name: Thobor, Bianca
name: Tilstra, Arjen
name: Bourne, David G.
name: Springer, Karin
name: Mezger, Selma Deborah
name: Struck, Ulrich
name: Bockelmann, Franziska
name: Zimmermann, Lisa
name: Yánez Suárez, Ana Belén
name: Klinke, Annabell
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Ecophysiology
subject: Macroecology
subject: Stable isotope analysis
subject: Tropical ecology
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: The resistance of hard corals to warming can be negatively affected by nitrate eutrophication, but related knowledge for soft corals is scarce. We thus investigated the ecophysiological response of the pulsating soft coral Xenia umbellata to different levels of nitrate eutrophication (control = 0.6, medium = 6, high = 37 μM nitrate) in a laboratory experiment, with additional warming (27.7 to 32.8 °C) from days 17 to 37. High nitrate eutrophication enhanced cellular chlorophyll a content of Symbiodiniaceae by 168%, while it reduced gross photosynthesis by 56%. After additional warming, polyp pulsation rate was reduced by 100% in both nitrate eutrophication treatments, and additional polyp loss of 7% d−1 and total fragment mortality of 26% was observed in the high nitrate eutrophication treatment. Warming alone did not affect any of the investigated response parameters. These results suggest that X. umbellata exhibits resistance to warming, which may facilitate ecological dominance over some hard corals as ocean temperatures warm, though a clear negative physiological response occurs when combined with nitrate eutrophication. This study thus confirms the importance of investigating combinations of global and local factors to understand and manage changing coral reefs.
The Horizon-AGN simulation: evolution of galaxy properties over cosmic time
Creators: name: Kaviraj, S.
name: Laigle, C.
name: Kimm, T.
name: Devriendt, J. E. G.
name: Dubois, Y.
name: Pichon, C.
name: Slyz, A.
name: Chisari, E.
name: Peirani, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compare the predictions of Horizon-AGN, a hydro-dynamical cosmological simulation that uses an adaptive mesh refinement code, to observational data in the redshift range 0
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Tectonic Regime as a Control Factor for Crustal Fault Zone (CFZ) Geothermal Reservoir in an Amagmatic System: A 3D Dynamic Numerical Modeling Approach
Creators: name: Duwiquet, H.
name: Magri, Fabien
name: Lopez, S.
name: Guillon, T.
name: Arbaret, L.
name: Bellanger, M.
name: Guillou-Frottier, L.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Crustal Fault Zone
subject: Geothermal energy
subject: Tectonic regime
subject: Poro-elasticity driven force
subject: 3D dynamic THM numerical modeling
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::550 Geowissenschaften, Geologie::550 Geowissenschaften

description: Crustal fault zones provide interesting geological targets for high-temperature geothermal energy source in naturally deep-fractured basement areas. Field and laboratory studies have shown the ability of these systems to let fluid flow down to the brittle–ductile transition. However, several key questions about exploration still exist, in particular the fundamental effect of tectonic regimes on fluid flow in fractured basement domains. Based on poro-elasticity assumption, we considered an idealized 3D geometry and realistic physical properties. We examined a model with no tectonic regime (benchmark experiment) and a model with different tectonic regimes, namely a compressional, an extensional and a strike-slip tectonic regime. Compared to the benchmark experiment, the results demonstrate that different tectonic regimes cause pressure changes in the fault/basement system. The tectonic-induced pressure changes affect convective patterns, onset of convection as well as the spatial extent of thermal plumes and the intensity of temperature anomalies. Driven by poro-elastic forces, temperature anomalies around vertical faults in a strike-slip tectonic regime have a spatial extent that should be considered in preliminary exploratory phases.
Comprehensive Study of Single Amorphous and Tandem Micromorph Solar Cells and Modules on Flexible Aluminum Superstrate Prepared in Roll-to-Roll Process
Creators: name: Holovsky, J.
name: Purkrt, A.
name: Poruba, A.
name: Remes, Z.
name: Vanecek, M.
name: Semerel, D.
name: Borreman, A.
name: Hamers, E.
name: Finger, F.
name: Dagkaldiran, U.
name: Yates, H.M.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: Thin Films
Amorphous and Microcrystalline Silicon

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 2309-2312
description: Thin film silicon technology is one of the most promising branches of the growing photovoltaic
industry. For its lower cost, roll-to-roll deposition process on sacrificial Al superstrate is being tested for use in large
industrial production at Helianthos bv.
Fourier Transform Photocurrent Spectroscopy (FTPS) is a modern method widely used for thin film silicon solar cell
diagnostics. At the same time the optical modeling of light management in thin film solar cells is a key tool for
structure optimization.
Here we refer to a comprehensive study of a single a-Si:H or tandem a-Si:H/μc-Si:H solar cell comprising material
quality assessment by FTPS, optical constants evaluation by PDS (Photothermal Deflection Spectroscopy) and T/R
spectroscopy, quantum efficiency measurements by FTPS and optical simulations by our numerical model Cell.. This
is not an easy task because the aluminum foil, that is later in the process etched off, complicates the FTPS and optical
measurement. The result of our study is the assessment of optical parameters of all layers forming the cell and the
calculation of limiting efficiencies for several proposed cell structures. For absorbers we can evaluate the electronic
quality by the measurement of sub-bandgap absorption in a single solar cell and newly also in a tandem solar cell. We
also refer to the possibility and to our experimental experience with such measurement performed on completed
modules.
Extracting Information from Multiplex Networks
Creators: name: Iacovacci, Jacopo
name: Bianconi, Ginestra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Multiplex networks are generalized network structures that are able to describe networks in which the same set of nodes are connected by links that have different connotations. Multiplex networks are ubiquitous since they describe social, financial, engineering and biological networks as well. Extending our ability to analyze complex networks to multiplex network structures increases greatly the level of information that is possible to extract from Big Data. For these reasons characterizing the centrality of nodes in multiplex networks and finding new ways to solve challenging inference problems defined on multiplex networks are fundamental questions of network science. In this paper we discuss the relevance of the Multiplex PageRank algorithm for measuring the centrality of nodes in multilayer networks and we characterize the utility of the recently introduced indicator function $\widetildeΘ^{S}$ for describing their mesoscale organization and community structure. As working examples for studying these measures we consider three multiplex network datasets coming for social science.
description: 11 pages; 5 figures
A case-control study on the relationship between HDL2b and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in Chinese type 2 diabetic patients
Creators: name: Ma, Ya-Hong
name: Zhao, Lei
name: Xian, Xun-De
name: Yang, Dorothy
name: Huang, Wei
name: Wang, Yu-Hui
name: Mueller, Odilo
name: Chang, Elaine
name: Konigshofer, Yves
name: Van-Cleve, Mark
name: Liu, George
name: Yang, Jin-Kui
Publisher: name: Kooperation de Gruyter
Year: 2009

description: Background: It has been shown that low concentrations of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) are associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). HDL2b, a major subfraction of high-density lipoprotein (HDL), is more significantly correlated with coronary heart disease (CHD) compared with total HDL. In this study, we analysed HDL2b in a cohort of Chinese T2DM subjects with or without NAFLD. Methods: A highly sensitive and reliable microfluidic chip method was adopted to measure HDL2b. In total, 48 T2DM patients with NAFLD diagnosed by a B-ultrasound were enrolled from our Beijing Community Pre-Diabetes (BCPD) study cohort. A total of 48 age and gender matched diabetic controls without NAFLD were selected from the same population. Results: Clinical characteristics and serum biochemical analyses demonstrated a significantly increased body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistant index (HOMA-IR), total cholesterol (TC), and triglyceride (TG) concentrations in the NAFLD group. However, the concentrations of HDL2b and its ratio to total HDL in NAFLD patients was decreased, compared with controls (p<0.01). Significantly increased concentrations of high sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) (p<0.01) were also found. Multifactor logistic regression analysis showed that BMI and TG were the predominant risk factors for fatty liver, while HDL2b was a protective factor. Conclusions: T2DM patients with NAFLD have characteristics including obesity, marked insulin resistance, high TG, high hs-CRP, low HDL2b and a low HDL2b ratio to total HDL. These factors may increase the incidence of atherosclerosis as well as the risk of CHD. Clin Chem Lab Med 2009;47:1067–72.
Flexible Modules of Elongate Solar Cells
Creators: name: Thomsen, E.A.
name: Brauers, M.
name: Ratcliff, T.
name: Muric-Nesic, J.
name: Davies, E.
name: Mankelow, R.
name: Skryabin, I.
name: Everett, V.
name: Blakers, A.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics: New Concepts and Ultra-high Efficiency
New Materials, Cells and Modules

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 617-621
description: Monocrystalline silicon is not generally regarded as a candidate material for flexible photovoltaic modules. However,
if silicon is thinned below 100 μm it can be flexed without breaking. In this paper the dependence of the breaking
radius on the dimensions of the silicon, the crystal orientation, and the surface treatment are investigated. These
results show that the breaking radius increases with increasing width of cell and with texturing. This paper also
presents optical transparency and adhesion measurements of the module protective packaging, with ethylene
tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE) with surface treatment being the most suitable front sheet for modules. Initial test
modules of six cells produced efficiencies of 20.8% at 1 sun based on the active cell area. Electrical modeling of full
modules have been conducted, and circuit designs that are highly resilient to damage without the need for bypass
diodes will be presented.
Horizontal small-scale variability of water vapor in the atmosphere: implications for intercomparison of data from different measuring systems
Creators: name: Calbet, Xavier
name: Henken, Cintia Carbajal
name: DeSouza-Machado, Sergio
name: Sun, Bomin
name: Reale, Tony
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: atmosphere
subject: water vapor
subject: horizontal small-scale variability
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::550 Geowissenschaften, Geologie::551 Geologie, Hydrologie, Meteorologie

description: Water vapor concentration structures in the atmosphere are well approximated horizontally by Gaussian random fields at small scales (≲6 km). These Gaussian random fields have a spatial correlation in accordance with a structure function with a two-thirds slope, following the corresponding law from Kolmogorov's theory of turbulence. This is proven by showing that the horizontal structure functions measured by several satellite instruments and radiosonde measurements do indeed follow the two-thirds law. High-spatial-resolution retrievals of total column water vapor (TCWV) obtained from the Ocean and Land Color Instrument (OLCI) on board the Sentinel-3 series of satellites also qualitatively show a Gaussian random field structure. As a consequence, the atmosphere has an inherently stochastic component associated with the horizontal small-scale water vapor features, which, in turn, can make deterministic forecasting or nowcasting difficult. These results can be useful in areas where high-resolution modeling of water vapor is required, such as the estimation of the water vapor variance within a region or when searching for consistency between different water vapor measurements in neighboring locations. In terms of weather forecasting or nowcasting, the water vapor horizontal variability could be important in estimating the uncertainty of the atmospheric processes driving convection.
Construction of models of universe on the Riemann hypothesis
Creators: name: Shukla, Namrata
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The aim of this note is to remove an implausible assumption in Moser's theorem \cite{JM} to establish our new theorem 1 which gives a lower estimate for the sum $p+c^2ρ$ on Riemann hypothesis. Corollary 1 gives a rather plausible construction of infinitely many models of universe with positive density($ρ$) and pressure($p$) since it makes use of the state equation in the form of an inequality.
description: 5+ pages
Pigment signatures of algal communities and their implications for glacier surface darkening
Creators: name: Halbach, Laura
name: Chevrollier, Lou-Anne
name: Doting, Eva L.
name: Cook, Joseph M.
name: Jensen, Marie B.
name: Benning, Liane G.
name: Bradley, James A.
name: Hansen, Martin
name: Lund-Hansen, Lars C.
name: Markager, Stiig
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Freshwater ecology
subject: Microbial ecology
subject: Water microbiology
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: Blooms of pigmented algae darken the surface of glaciers and ice sheets, thereby enhancing solar energy absorption and amplifying ice and snow melt. The impacts of algal pigment and community composition on surface darkening are still poorly understood. Here, we characterise glacier ice and snow algal pigment signatures on snow and bare ice surfaces and study their role in photophysiology and energy absorption on three glaciers in Southeast Greenland. Purpurogallin and astaxanthin esters dominated the glacier ice and snow algal pigment pools (mass ratios to chlorophyll a of 32 and 56, respectively). Algal biomass and pigments impacted chromophoric dissolved organic matter concentrations. Despite the effective absorption of astaxanthin esters at wavelengths where incoming irradiance peaks, the cellular energy absorption of snow algae was 95% lower than anticipated from their pigmentation, due to pigment packaging. The energy absorption of glacier ice algae was consequently ~ 5 × higher. On bare ice, snow algae may have locally contributed up to 13% to total biological radiative forcing, despite contributing 44% to total biomass. Our results give new insights into the impact of algal community composition on bare ice energy absorption and biomass accumulation during snow melt.
Residual Stress Measurements in Multicrystalline Silicon Bulk and Thin Film Solar Cells Using Micro-Raman Spectroscopy
Creators: name: Sarau, G.
name: Becker, M.
name: Andrä, G.
name: Christiansen, S.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: Thin Films
Thin Film Crystalline Silicon

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 2265-2270
description: Residual mechanical stress is currently among the most important parameters for improving processing
yields and it will become increasingly important in view of the targeted decrease in the wafer or thin film thicknesses
to reduce processing costs. A technique that is intensively used for analysing stress states at the micrometer scale in
semiconductors is micro-Raman spectroscopy. Several stress-tensor components can be obtained separately using
polarized laser light for the μ-Raman measurements or average stresses when using unpolarized light. We have found
inhomogeneous stress distributions including local peak compressive and tensile stresses at (sub)grain boundaries
and in areas with high concentrations of extended lattice defects. These stresses most probably form during the
different heating and cooling processes of the multicrytalline silicon block and ribbon casting or during the laser
melting and re-crystallization of amorphous silicon layers on thermally mismatched glass substrates. The possible
mechanisms of stress formation and relaxation are discussed.
Philemon argenticeps subsp. alexis Mathews
Creators: name: , Mary
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Passeriformes
Meliphagidae
Philemon

description: Philemon argenticeps alexis Mathews Philemon argenticeps alexis Mathews, 1912a: 422 (Alexandra, Northern Territory). Now Philemon argenticeps argenticeps (Gould, 1840). See Salomonsen, 1967: 411, Schodde and Mason, 1999: 291, Christidis and Boles, 2008: 185–191, and Higgins et al., 2008: 682. HOLOTYPE: AMNH 696998, adult female, collected at Alexandria (5 Alexandra), 19.00S, 136.42E (Times Atlas), Northern Territory, Australia, on 2 November 1905, by Wilfred Stalker (no. 86). From the Mathews Collection (no. 3418) via the Rothschild Collection. COMMENTS: Mathews cited his catalog number of the holotype in the original description, giving the range of alexis as ‘‘ Northern Territory.’’ The type bears Mathews and Rothschild type labels and Stalker’s original label, the number ‘‘816’’ referring to the number of this species in Mathews (1908); it was the single specimen collected by Stalker at Alexandria (Ingram, 1908: 414). Two additional Mathews specimens are paratypes: Port Darwin, April 1902, AMNH 696976 (Mathews no. 3416), sex?; AMNH 696977 (3417), immature. AMNH 696999, collected by K. Dahl on Mount Shortridge in 1894 was not cataloged by Mathews until February 1912, after the publication of alexis. Other Northern Territory specimens in AMNH were never in the Mathews Collection.
description: Published as part of Mary, 2011, Type Specimens Of Birds In The American Museum Of Natural History Part 9. Passeriformes: Zosteropidae And Meliphagidae, pp. 1-193 in Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2011 (348) on page 127
description: {"references": ["Mathews, G. M. 1912 a. A reference-list to the birds of Australia. Novitates Zoologicae 18: 171 - 446.", "Salomonsen, F. 1967. Family Meliphagidae. In R. A. Paynter, Jr (editor), Check-list of birds of the world, vol. 12: 338 - 450. Cambridge, MA: Museum of Comparative Zoology, ix + 495 pp.", "Schodde, R., and I. J. Mason. 1999. The directory of Australian birds. Passerines. Collingwood, Victoria: CSIRO Publishing, 851 pp.", "Christidis, L., and W. E. Boles. 2008. Systematics and taxonomy of Australian birds. Collingwood, Victoria: CSIRO Publishing, viii + 277 pp.", "Higgins, P. J., L. Christidis, and H. A. Ford. 2008. Meliphagidae (honeyeaters). In J. del Hoyo, A. Elliott, and D. Christie (editors), Handbook of birds of the world, vol. 13, Penduline-tits to shrikes: 498 - 691. Barcelona: Lynx Edicions, 879 pp., 60 pls., 536 photographs.", "Mathews, G. M. 1908. Handlist of the birds of Australasia. Emu 7 supplement: 1 - 108.", "Ingram, C. 1908. On the birds of Inkerman Station, north Queensland. Ibis (9) 2: 458 - 481, pl. IX."]}
How I saved endangered plants fromLarge-scale Projects
Creators: name: 陈, 绪言
name: Gao, Gang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 310899
subject: Plant biology not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 310302
subject: Community ecology (excl. invasive species ecology)

description: Before any artificial large-scale engineering project starts, a detailed natural ecological environment impact assessment should be carried out.
Kitaev honeycomb tensor networks: exact unitary circuits and applications
Creators: name: Schmoll, Philipp
name: Orus, Roman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Kitaev honeycomb model is a paradigm of exactly-solvable models, showing non-trivial physical properties such as topological quantum order, abelian and non-abelian anyons, and chirality. Its solution is one of the most beautiful examples of the interplay of different mathematical techniques in condensed matter physics. In this paper, we show how to derive a tensor network (TN) description of the eigenstates of this spin-1/2 model in the thermodynamic limit, and in particular for its ground state. In our setting, eigenstates are naturally encoded by an exact 3d TN structure made of fermionic unitary operators, corresponding to the unitary quantum circuit building up the many-body quantum state. In our derivation we review how the different "solution ingredients" of the Kitaev honeycomb model can be accounted for in the TN language, namely: Jordan-Wigner transformation, braidings of Majorana modes, fermionic Fourier transformation, and Bogoliubov transformation. The TN built in this way allows for a clear understanding of several properties of the model. In particular, we show how the fidelity diagram is straightforward both at zero temperature and at finite temperature in the vortex-free sector. We also show how the properties of two-point correlation functions follow easily. Finally, we also discuss the pros and cons of contracting of our 3d TN down to a 2d Projected Entangled Pair State (PEPS) with finite bond dimension. The results in this paper can be extended to generalizations of the Kitaev model, e.g., to other lattices, spins, and dimensions.
description: 26 pages, 31 figures, 1 table. Revised version, including a extended discussion on the Majorana braidings and results for correlation functions