cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Estimating ozone deposition velocities and fluxes for the Amazon Basin
Creators: name: Johnson, Theresa
name: Holland, Elisabeth
name: Guenther, Alex
name: Kellogg, Dale
Publisher: name: University Corporation For Atmospheric Research (UCAR)
Year: 2002
Subjects: Rainforest
Planetary boundary layer
Tethered balloon platform
Sodar
Ozone deposition

The vertical distribution of ozone layer over the Amazon rainforest, especially within the mixed layer of the planetary boundary layer, is not well understood. During the month of June 2001, ozone profiles were collected as a part of the Large-Scale Biosphere Atmosphere Experiment (LBA) in Amazonia from a tethered balloon platform and referenced to wind observations from a Sodar. The wind observations established the footprint of the ozone profiles, i.e., if the ozone monitor was sampling air that had only passed over the forest. The purpose of this study was to determine if observed ozone vertical gradients from over the forest within the lower mixed layer (200-400 m), using the mixed layer gradient technique (MLG), could be used to calculate flux and estimate ozone deposition velocities. These values are needed for modeling atmospheric chemistry over primary tropical forest. Results revealed a maximum ozone deposition gradient of 5.4 ppb/100 m above the forest and a negligible gradient above a nearby reservoir. But, results also showed that the MLG method was not the appropriate technique to calculate flux and hence calculated ozone deposition velocities were unreasonable. The resulting gradients did reveal the significance of a forested landscape versus a flooded area, which have large-scale implications, especially for future land-use change (forest flooded to make a reservoir) of the Amazon and similar forested landscapes, and of the role of ozone in the global atmospheric chemistry budget.
Il superflare che move dal Sole e l’altre stelle
Creators: Gloria Nobile
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2021

Un gruppo di astronomi dell'Osservatorio astronomico nazionale del Giappone ha osservato, per la prima volta, sulla giovane stella EK Draconis, l'eruzione di filamenti supermassicci e la più potente espulsione coronale di massa mai registrata da una stella simile al Sole. La somiglianza fra le due stelle suggerisce che anche il Sole abbia prodotto simili espulsioni molto tempo fa. Tutti i dettagli su Nature Astronomy
SoK: Privacy Preserving Machine Learning using Functional Encryption: Opportunities and Challenges
Creators: name: Panzade, Prajwal
name: Takabi, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: With the advent of functional encryption, new possibilities for computation on encrypted data have arisen. Functional Encryption enables data owners to grant third-party access to perform specified computations without disclosing their inputs. It also provides computation results in plain, unlike Fully Homomorphic Encryption. The ubiquitousness of machine learning has led to the collection of massive private data in the cloud computing environment. This raises potential privacy issues and the need for more private and secure computing solutions. Numerous efforts have been made in privacy-preserving machine learning (PPML) to address security and privacy concerns. There are approaches based on fully homomorphic encryption (FHE), secure multiparty computation (SMC), and, more recently, functional encryption (FE). However, FE-based PPML is still in its infancy and has not yet gotten much attention compared to FHE-based PPML approaches. In this paper, we provide a systematization of PPML works based on FE summarizing state-of-the-art in the literature. We focus on Inner-product-FE and Quadratic-FE-based machine learning models for the PPML applications. We analyze the performance and usability of the available FE libraries and their applications to PPML. We also discuss potential directions for FE-based PPML approaches. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work to systematize FE-based PPML approaches.
Understanding global positioning system and the ionospheric effect
Creators: name: Lebbie, Anthony
name: Robertson, Douglas
name: Rew, Juliana
name: VanAndel, Joseph
name: Thornbrugh, Casey
Publisher: name: University Corporation For Atmospheric Research (UCAR)
Year: 2002
Subjects: GPS
DOD
Satellites
Geodetic
Ionosphere

The Global Positioning System is a navigational tool developed by the U.S Department of Defense to help determine position, time, and velocity on or above the surface of the earth. Most of the positioning work is done with the transfer of radio signals from satellites to receivers. Since the launching of the first satellite in the early 1980âs, GPS has become very useful not only to the military but also for scientific research. Geodetic surveying is one science that explores the advantages offered by the GPS. It deals with the determination of the size of the earth and the precise positions of points on its surface. GPS suffers from inaccuracies due to the delay of signals in the ionosphere, requiring development of methods to account for ionospheric influences. Understanding the ionosphere will assist in solving this problem. As a result, this project attempts to understand the GPS, and also develop a method of generating an ionosphere model. A function was developed to represent the number of electrons from a ground station to a satellite. By taking the integral of this function, it was possible to develop our GPS ionosphere model. The model exploited computerized numerical methods, including numerical integration schemes. Rombergâs method proved useful for efficiently computing the problem. The results of the numerical integration were compared with an analytical integration and the results were similar. These results can be used in future least-squares analyses of the GPS ionosphere model.
Radar and lightning signatures in convective storms on the high plains
Creators: name: Martinez, Maribel
name: Miller, Jay
name: Johnson, Victoria
Publisher: name: University Corporation For Atmospheric Research (UCAR)
Year: 2002
Subjects: Doppler radar
Flash rates
Radar echo histories
Tornado warning
Storm intensity

Doppler radar and lightning observation of thunderstorms that occurred during the Severe Thunderstorm Electrification and Precipitation Study (STEPS) stationed on the High Pains in the summer of 2000 will be discussed. Detailed radar and lightning datasets were collected during this field project to better understand these sometimes destructive and fatal storms. The research results will focus on the characteristics of both in-cloud and could-to-ground lightning. Cloud-to-ground lightning flash rates coupled with radar observations, severe storm warnings, and storm damage will be presented in order to show how lightning and storm intensity are related. The general structure, evolution, and intensity, of the storms are deduced from the radar echo histories. Of the four cases studied, three of them were dominated by positive cloud-to-ground lightning and had tornado warnings issued. Two of these three cases began with a positive cloud-to-ground strike. In-cloud lightning characteristics for one case show that point charge center distributions vary in height during the production of both positive and negative cloud-to-ground lightning as well as during the decrease in cloud-to-ground lightning activity. An understanding of the association between storm intensity and lightning activity may help forecasters in predicting the onset of lightning activity and help them to more easily distinguish better severe an non-severe convective storms.
A computable general equilibrium analysis of trade policy options for the Palestinian economy
Creators: name: Balian, Ohan
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: The Palestinian economy is a small open economy with poor endowments of natural resources and unmarked national borders. Almost 80% of its foreign trade is conducted with a single trading partner, Israel. It currently exports 17% of its output, which in turn finances only about 25% of its imports. The rest of the import bill is financed by wage income earned in Israel, foreign aid, and remittances from abroad. This dependency on foreign capital inflows has severely retarded the Palestinian export sector. Moreover, the presence of high transaction costs and other non-tariff barriers have reduced the competitiveness of its export sector. At the Oslo peace accords in 1993, the Palestinian Authority sought to implement a policy of export-led growth with the assistance of both Israel and the international community. The cornerstone of this outward-oriented strategy was the Paris Protocol which formalized the de-facto economic relations between Israel and the West Bank & Gaza that had existed since 1967. Due to political reasons, the Paris Protocol was not implemented and the Palestinian Authority sought alternative strategies to promote exports. An important means to achieve this objective is to raise the share of manufactured exports as a source of import finance. This dissertation constructs a static trade-focused computable general equilibrium model to analyze the effects of four policy scenarios on the Palestinian export sector. The first scenario is a 50% reduction in transaction costs, and the second is a 50% reduction in Palestinian labor employed in Israel. The remaining two scenarios simulate the effects of a full-separation between Israel and the WBGS. One separation scenario---the "peace" scenario---simulates simultaneous increases in foreign aid, labor demand in Israel, and domestic labor supply. The other scenario---the intifada or "war" scenario---simulates a simultaneous increase in transaction costs and a decrease in labor demand in Israel. The results of these four simulation exercises demonstrate that first, reductions in transaction costs substantially increase the volume of trade and improve the Palestinian terms of trade. Second, the lower dependency of the Palestinian workforce on Israel also increases exports by 8%, but real household income falls since workers who were previously employed in Israel are now forced to work at the lower Palestinian wage rate. And third, simulations of the full-separation scenarios demonstrate that the outcome primarily depends on whether separation is achieved through peaceful negotiations or unilaterally through the intifada. The simulation results of this last scenario show that the volume of trade is substantially reduced.
Examination of formaldehyde and acetaldehyde relationships during TRACE-P
Creators: name: Munoz Acevedo, Ernesto
name: Fried, Alan
name: Bevirt, Brian
Publisher: name: University Corporation For Atmospheric Research (UCAR)
Year: 2002
Subjects: Photochemical box model
Hydroperoxyl
Pollution

During the TRAnsport and Chemical Evolution over the Pacific-2001 (TRACE-P-2001) aircraft mission, formaldehyde (CH₂O) and acetaldehyde (CH₃CHO) were measured along with an extensive suite of other atmospheric parameters. CH₃CHO was measured with two different instruments, one developed by NCAR and another developed by NASA. There were disagreements, at times, between the CH₃CHO measurements. There was also disagreement between the CH₃CHO datasets and a simple photochemical box model, although CH₂O measurements agreed with the model. It is important to model and measure both gases correctly because they are intermediate oxidation products of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and they decompose into hydroperoxyl radicals (HO₂) and carbon monoxide (CO). The objective of this study was to explore the relationship between CH₂O and CH₃CHO in the troposphere. The relationship of CH₂O vs. CH₃CHO was examined for five different altitude ranges up to 12 km. Each altitude range was parsed into clean and polluted air masses; “polluted” was defined as nitric oxide (NO) greater than 50 parts per trillion by volume or CO greater than 169 parts per billion by volume. Slope and linear regression correlation coefficients were compared. The following patterns were observed for the individual CH₃CHO datasets in relation to CH2O. CH₃CHO decreased with altitude, but more slowly than CH₂O. Correlation between CH₃CHO and CH₂O was driven by polluted air, although this correlation decreased with altitude.
N$^3$LO gravitational spin-orbit coupling at order $G^4$
Creators: name: Levi, Michèle
name: McLeod, Andrew J.
name: von Hippel, Matthew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we derive for the first time the N$^3$LO gravitational spin-orbit coupling at order $G^4$ in the post-Newtonian (PN) approximation within the effective field theory (EFT) of gravitating spinning objects. This represents the first computation in a spinning sector involving three-loop integration. We provide a comprehensive account of the topologies in the worldline picture for the computation at order $G^4$. Our computation makes use of the publicly-available \texttt{EFTofPNG} code, which is extended using loop-integration techniques from particle amplitudes. We provide the results for each of the Feynman diagrams in this sector. The three-loop graphs in the worldline picture give rise to new features in the spinning sector, including divergent terms and logarithms from dimensional regularization, as well as transcendental numbers, all of which survive in the final result of the topologies at this order. This result enters at the 4.5PN order for maximally-rotating compact objects, and together with previous work in this line, paves the way for the completion of this PN accuracy.
description: 27 pp, 11 figures, 1 table, 30 pp PDF appendix, ancillary .m file, published
Development of a new meteor radar for measuring upper atmosphere winds
Creators: name: Navarro, Fabiola
name: Avery, Susan
name: Thorsen, Denise
name: Schmidt, Cynthia
Publisher: name: University Corporation For Atmospheric Research (UCAR)
Year: 2002
Subjects: Troposphere
Stratosphere
Observational knowledge
Wave motions
Wind measurements
Space weather
Climate

Our understanding of the troposphere and stratosphere when compared to our knowledge of the mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT ~80-110 km) region is limited. This research attempts to fill this observational knowledge gap by helping in the development of a new 40.475MHz meteor radar located at Platteville, Colorado, that will be used to study the MLT circulation and wave motions. These studies provide clues to answer questions about this region. In particular, wind measurements are useful in determining the physics and dynamics of the MLT, and their impacts on space weather and climate. These measurements can be used to study the astronomical characteristics of meteoroids. The 40.475MHz meteor radar measures electro magnetic scatter from ionized trails left by meteoroids impinging the earthsâ upper atmosphere in the height range between 70-110 km. The ionized meteor trail is carried along (advected) by the electrically neutral atmospheric wind; therefore, by observing how meteor trail drifts with time, deductions can be made about the speed and direction of the neutral wind at the altitude at which the meteor was observed. This paper discusses the development process of the new 40.475MHz meteor radar and preliminary results of meteor observations using the 50MHz meteor radar. Future work will also be outlined.
Subgroups of hyperbolic groups, finiteness properties and complex hyperbolic lattices
Creators: name: Isenrich, Claudio Llosa
name: Py, Pierre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20F67 (Primary) 20F65, 20J05, 32J27, 57M07 (Secondary)

description: We prove that in a cocompact complex hyperbolic arithmetic lattice $Γ< {\rm PU}(m,1)$ of the simplest type, deep enough finite index subgroups admit plenty of homomorphisms to $\mathbb{Z}$ with kernel of type $\mathscr{F}_{m-1}$ but not of type $\mathscr{F}_{m}$. This provides many finitely presented non-hyperbolic subgroups of hyperbolic groups and answers an old question of Brady. Our method also yields a proof of a special case of Singer's conjecture for aspherical Kähler manifolds.
description: 22 pages
Triangle singularity in $B^-\to K^-X(3872);X\to π^0π^+π^-$ and the X(3872) mass
Creators: name: Molina, Raquel
name: Oset, Eulogio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We evaluate the contribution to the $X(3872)$ width from a triangle mechanism in which the $X$ decays into $D^{*0}\bar{D}^0 -cc$, then the $D^{*0} (\bar{D}^{*0})$ decays into $D^0 π^0$ ($\bar{D}^0 π^0$) and the $D^0 \bar{D}^0$ fuse to produce $π^+ π^-$. This mechanism produces an asymmetric peak from a triangle singularity in the $π^+ π^-$ invariant mass with a shape very sensitive to the $X$ mass. We evaluate the branching ratios for a reaction where this effect can be seen in the $B^- \to K^- π^0 π^+ π^-$ reaction and show that the determination of the peak in the invariant mass distribution of $π^+ π^-$ is all that is needed to determine the $X$ mass. Given the present uncertainties in the $X$ mass, which do not allow to know whether the $D^{*0} \bar{D}^0$ state is bound or not, measurements like the one suggested here should be most welcome to clarify this issue.
description: 10 pages,10 figures
Creating 3-D jet stream circulation visualizations to investigate present and future climate conditions
Creators: name: Noble, Erik
name: Washington, Warren
name: Abshire, Wendy
name: Petersen, Mark
Publisher: name: University Corporation For Atmospheric Research (UCAR)
Year: 2002
Subjects: Global climate model
Projections
Software tools
Climate change
Jet stream

Current global climate models are very capably of simulating the present climate conditions and providing comprehensive projection of the future. Unfortunately, the results of global climate model historical simulations and realistic future projections provide a great deal of information so they are often difficult to interpret and comprehend. To address this problem, the primary goal of this research was to develop software tools to facilitate the investigation of three-dimensional visualizations of the atmosphere to further our understanding of the Earth’s response and the implications of climate change. Output from the National Center for Atmospheric Research’s Parallel Climate Model (NCAR PCM) served as the basis for creating three-dimensional visualization of the atmospheric jet stream circulation. The visualizations of the data (which were interpolated from global observations) were created using the graphics capabilities of the MATLAB© software program. This report describes the process by which we visualized the jet stream in three dimensions using several map projections and then began the examination of the behavioral changes of the jet stream circulation produced by the PCM over a one hundred-year period from approximately 2002 to 2100. Early results indicated that the jet stream would strengthen, move equatorward, and increase in height in both hemispheres.
The NGC 7129 Young Stellar Cluster: A Combined Spitzer, MMT, and 2MASS Census of Disks, Protostars, and Outflows
Creators: name: Gutermuth, R. A.
name: Megeath, S. T.
name: Muzerolle, J.
name: Allen, L. E.
name: Pipher, J. L.
name: Myers, P. C.
name: Fazio, G. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the analysis of seven band (1.2 to 8 micron) ground and space-based imaging of the NGC 7129 young stellar cluster from FLAMINGOS on MMT, 2MASS, and the Infrared Array Camera (IRAC) on the Spitzer Space Telescope. An analysis of the H-[4.5] vs. J-H colors reveals 84 objects with circumstellar disks. Of these, 42 are located within the cluster core, a 0.5 pc (100'') radius region of enhanced stellar surface density. From a luminosity and extinction limited sample of the stars within the cluster core boundary we have determined that 54% +/- 14% have circumstellar disks. Finally, we report the detection of several resolved outflows in the IRAC 4.5 micron mosaic.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures. Accepted to the Spitzer special issue of ApJS. The full-resolution preprint can be obtained from http://astro.pas.rochester.edu/~rguter/preprints/gutermuth_ngc7129_a.tar.gz
La turbolenza eliosferica nelle “lava lamp”
Creators: Maura Sandri
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2021

Un gruppo di astrofisici guidato dalla Boston University ha scoperto che le particelle di idrogeno neutro che collidono con l'eliosfera potrebbero innescare un fenomeno noto come instabilità di Rayleigh-Taylor che porterebbe alla strana forma dell’eliosfera stessa, simile a quella di un croissant, prevista dai modelli sviluppati dagli autori. Tutti i dettagli su ApJ
Fluctuation Analysis of the Non-abelian Born-Infeld Action in Background Intersecting D-branes
Creators: name: Nagaoka, Satoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: {We carry out a fluctuation analysis of the non-abelian Born-Infeld action up to order F^6 in the presence of a background intersecting D-branes system. We compare the mass spectrum which is obtained in our analysis to the spectrum derived from the worldsheet analysis. The mass spectra completely agree with each other. This result provides a strong support for the claim that the action we analyze here, which was proposed in hep-th/0208044 by Koerber and Sevrin, is the correct low energy effective action of string theory.
description: 16 pages, PTP style. reference added, minor corrections
A computable general equilibrium analysis of trade policy options for the Palestinian economy
Creators: name: Balian, Ohan
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 38
subject: Economics

description: The Palestinian economy is a small open economy with poor endowments of natural resources and unmarked national borders. Almost 80% of its foreign trade is conducted with a single trading partner, Israel. It currently exports 17% of its output, which in turn finances only about 25% of its imports. The rest of the import bill is financed by wage income earned in Israel, foreign aid, and remittances from abroad. This dependency on foreign capital inflows has severely retarded the Palestinian export sector. Moreover, the presence of high transaction costs and other non-tariff barriers have reduced the competitiveness of its export sector. At the Oslo peace accords in 1993, the Palestinian Authority sought to implement a policy of export-led growth with the assistance of both Israel and the international community. The cornerstone of this outward-oriented strategy was the Paris Protocol which formalized the de-facto economic relations between Israel and the West Bank & Gaza that had existed since 1967. Due to political reasons, the Paris Protocol was not implemented and the Palestinian Authority sought alternative strategies to promote exports. An important means to achieve this objective is to raise the share of manufactured exports as a source of import finance. This dissertation constructs a static trade-focused computable general equilibrium model to analyze the effects of four policy scenarios on the Palestinian export sector. The first scenario is a 50% reduction in transaction costs, and the second is a 50% reduction in Palestinian labor employed in Israel. The remaining two scenarios simulate the effects of a full-separation between Israel and the WBGS. One separation scenario---the "peace" scenario---simulates simultaneous increases in foreign aid, labor demand in Israel, and domestic labor supply. The other scenario---the intifada or "war" scenario---simulates a simultaneous increase in transaction costs and a decrease in labor demand in Israel. The results of these four simulation exercises demonstrate that first, reductions in transaction costs substantially increase the volume of trade and improve the Palestinian terms of trade. Second, the lower dependency of the Palestinian workforce on Israel also increases exports by 8%, but real household income falls since workers who were previously employed in Israel are now forced to work at the lower Palestinian wage rate. And third, simulations of the full-separation scenarios demonstrate that the outcome primarily depends on whether separation is achieved through peaceful negotiations or unilaterally through the intifada. The simulation results of this last scenario show that the volume of trade is substantially reduced.
Dieci astronauti per la Nasa
Creators: Valentina Guglielmo
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2021

Selezionata la classe 2021 di astronauti della Nasa. I nuovi dieci, sei uomini e quattro donne, saranno in prima linea nelle prossime missioni del programma Artemis. La selezione dell’Esa per il 2022 è invece ancora in corso, e dei 23mila candidati una su quattro è donna
Application of a single Doppler radar wind retrieval technique to Hurricane Bret
Creators: name: Pitter, Shanna
name: Marks, Frank
name: Lee, Wen-chau
name: Murillo, Shirley
name: Stott, Don
Publisher: name: University Corporation For Atmospheric Research (UCAR)
Year: 2002
Subjects: Axisymmetric circulations
Tangential wind
Landfall
Cross-beam

A single Doppler radar wind retrieval technique, Ground Based Velocity Track Display (GBVTD), was used to retrieve the primary circulation of Hurricane Bret. Radar data from Brownsville (KBRO) and Corpus Christi (KCRP), TX from 22:22:32 UTC to 23:03:03 UTC were used in the application of GBVTD and the results compared to each other. Only the axisymmetric circulations (wavenumber 0) were analyzed for this project. GBVTD needed the circulation center to be specified within 2km of the true center for an accurate representation of the circulations, so a simplex center-finding technique was employed. The circulation centers returned were within 1km of each other, so were assumed to fit the 2km criterion. The tangential and radial velocities were retrieved using the simplex centers. The mean tangential winds derived by GBVTD showed the de-intensification of the storm after landfall equally well for both radars. However, KCRP consistently returned higher tangential velocities than KBRO. An explanation lies in the effect of a mean wind on the tangential velocity, where the cross-beam component of the mean wind added to the KCRP wind estimates and subtracted from the KBRO wind estimates. The radial winds retrieved had a similar problem, but with KBRO having stronger inflow where KCRP had strong outflow. An along-beam mean wind effect was hypothesized as the primary reason for this difference. The total axisymmetric wind retrieved by GBVTD for both KBRO and KCRP are consistent at all radii and altitudes.
NNNLO gravitational quadratic-in-spin interactions at the quartic order in G
Creators: name: Levi, Michèle
name: McLeod, Andrew J.
name: von Hippel, Matthew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the N$^3$LO gravitational quadratic-in-spin interactions at $G^4$ in the post-Newtonian (PN) expansion via the effective field theory (EFT) of gravitating spinning objects for the first time. This result contributes at the $5$PN order for maximally-spinning compact objects, adding the spinning case to the static sector at this PN accuracy. This sector requires extending the EFT of a spinning particle beyond linear order in the curvature to include higher-order operators quadratic in the curvature that are relevant at this PN order. We make use of a diagrammatic expansion in the worldline picture, and rely on our recent upgrade of the \texttt{EFTofPNG} code, which we further extend to handle this sector. Similar to the spin-orbit sector, we find that the contributing three-loop graphs give rise to divergences, logarithms, and transcendental numbers. However, in this sector all of these features conspire to cancel out from the final result, which contains only finite rational terms.
description: 19 pp, 6 figures, 1 table, 12 pp PDF appendix, 1 ancillary .m file, published
Additional file 3 of Rates of compliance and adherence to high-intensity interval training in insufficiently active adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol
Creators: name: Santos, Alexandre
name: Lonsdale, Chris
name: Lubans, David
name: Vasconcellos, Diego
name: Kapsal, Nathanial
name: Vis-Dunbar, Mathew
name: Jung, Mary E.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 3:. PRISMA-P Checklist. Completed PRISMA-P checklist related to submitted protocol.
Anthophora (Pyganthophora) edwardsii Cresson 1878
Creators: name: Pedro, Diego De
name: Ceccarelli, Fadia Sara
name: Sagot, Philippe
name: López-Reyes, Eulogio
name: Mullins, Jessica L.
name: Mérida-Rivas, Jorge A.
name: Falcon-Brindis, Armando
name: Griswold, Terry
name: Ascher, John S.
name: Gardner, Joel
name: Ayala, Ricardo
name: Vides-Borrell, Eric
name: Vandame, Rémy
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: Anthophora (Pyganthophora) edwardsii Cresson, 1878 **
[Syntype: ANSP; ♀ California, USA]
Anthophora edwardsii is a new record in Mexico and BC as a result of the BBPT fieldwork. This species is widespread in the western USA and was first documented during our project in the BCP in the Coastal Sage Matorral in March 2021 (1 ♀) and Chaparral in April 2021 (8 ♀, 1 ♂). Voucher specimens are in MABC (5 ♀, 1 ♂), and ECOAB (4 ♀). See fig. 79.
description: Published as part of Pedro, Diego De, Ceccarelli, Fadia Sara, Sagot, Philippe, López-Reyes, Eulogio, Mullins, Jessica L., Mérida-Rivas, Jorge A., Falcon-Brindis, Armando, Griswold, Terry, Ascher, John S., Gardner, Joel, Ayala, Ricardo, Vides-Borrell, Eric & Vandame, Rémy, 2024, Revealing the Baja California Peninsula's Hidden Treasures: An Annotated checklist of the native bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila), pp. 1-391 in Zootaxa 5522 (1) on page 138, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5522.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/13920532
TurboRVB: a many-body toolkit for {\it ab initio} electronic simulations by quantum Monte Carlo
Creators: name: Nakano, Kousuke
name: Attaccalite, Claudio
name: Barborini, Matteo
name: Capriotti, Luca
name: Casula, Michele
name: Coccia, Emanuele
name: Dagrada, Mario
name: Genovese, Claudio
name: Luo, Ye
name: Mazzola, Guglielmo
name: Zen, Andrea
name: Sorella, Sandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: TurboRVB is a computational package for {\it ab initio} Quantum Monte Carlo (QMC) simulations of both molecular and bulk electronic systems. The code implements two types of well established QMC algorithms: Variational Monte Carlo (VMC), and Diffusion Monte Carlo in its robust and efficient lattice regularized variant. A key feature of the code is the possibility of using strongly correlated many-body wave functions. The electronic wave function (WF) is obtained by applying a Jastrow factor, which takes into account dynamical correlations, to the most general mean-field ground state, written either as an antisymmetrized geminal product with spin-singlet pairing, or as a Pfaffian, including both singlet and triplet correlations. This wave function can be viewed as an efficient implementation of the so-called resonating valence bond (RVB) ansatz, first proposed by L. Pauling and P. W. Anderson in quantum chemistry and condensed matter physics, respectively. The RVB ansatz implemented in TurboRVB has a large variational freedom, including the Jastrow correlated Slater determinant as its simplest, but nontrivial case. Moreover, it has the remarkable advantage of remaining with an affordable computational cost, proportional to the one spent for the evaluation of a single Slater determinant. The code implements the adjoint algorithmic differentiation that enables a very efficient evaluation of energy derivatives, comprising the ionic forces. Thus, one can perform structural optimizations and molecular dynamics in the canonical NVT ensemble at the VMC level. For the electronic part, a full WF optimization is made possible thanks to state-of-the-art stochastic algorithms for energy minimization. The code has been efficiently parallelized by using a hybrid MPI-OpenMP protocol, that is also an ideal environment for exploiting the computational power of modern GPU accelerators.
description: 41 pages, 21 figures, 3 tables
Large deviations and the emergence of a logarithmic delay in a nonlocal linearised Fisher-KPP equation
Creators: name: Boutillon, Nathanaël
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35K57 (Primary), 35B40, 60F10 (Secondary)

description: We study a variant of the Fisher-KPP equation with nonlocal dispersal. Using the theory of large deviations, we show the emergence of a "Bramson-like" logarithmic delay for the linearised equation with step-like initial data. We conclude that the logarithmic delay emerges also for the solutions of the nonlinear equation. Previous papers found very precise results for the nonlinear equation with strong assumptions on the decay of the kernel. Our results are less precise, but they are valid for all continuous symmetric thin-tailed kernels.
description: 20 pages, 1 figure. Accepted for publication in Nonlinear Analysis
Appuntamento sabato con l’asteroide Nereus
Creators: Albino Carbognani
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2021

L’asteroide (4660) Nereus è un near-Earth di poche centinaia di metri di diametro che l’11 dicembre 2021 passerà a poco meno di 4 milioni di km dalla Terra. Nessun rischio di collisione per il nostro pianeta, dunque: in realtà questo asteroide è interessante per le sue proprietà fisiche, prima di tutto l’elevata riflettività superficiale, che lo rende diverso dai comuni asteroidi di tipo S e C così abbondanti nel Sistema solare, e soprattutto per la sua composizione
The relationship between cigarette smoking and depression vulnerability: Effects of the serotonin transporter gene
Creators: name: Brody, Cindy L.
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: People with current or past depression are more likely to have been regular smokers at some point in their lives. Smokers who have had experiences of depression are also less likely to quit. Attempts to understand this relationship and the potential underlying mechanisms are important insofar as they can help treatment efficacy for this group of smokers that appears to have particular difficulty maintaining smoking cessation. Prior research has suggested that different genetic variations might affect the relationship between smoking and depression. For instance, previous findings indicated that people with a short, less efficient, serotonin transporter gene have a stronger relationship between smoking and neuroticism than those with a long genotype. This study examined whether people with a short serotonin transporter genotype would have a stronger relationship between depression vulnerability and smoking behavior than those with the long genotype. In this sample (N = 487), depression vulnerability was associated with the tendency to be a current smoker, the likelihood of having ever been a smoker, and the tendency to smoke to reduce negative affect. However, participants with the short serotonin transporter genotype did not have stronger relationships between depression vulnerability and smoking variables. Discussion centered on possible reasons for varying results across conceptually similar studies.
Olimpiadi di astronomia, da oggi le gare
Creators: Redazione Media Inaf
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2021

Si è svolta oggi in tutt’Italia la fase di preselezione per i concorrenti Junior 1 e Junior 2 delle Olimpiadi italiane di astronomia, giunte quest’anno alla 20esima edizione. I loro colleghi più grandicelli si sfideranno invece lunedì prossimo, 13 dicembre. In cima alla classifica delle regioni con più partecipanti svetta come sempre la Calabria, con oltre tremila studenti in gara
Global examination of the relationship between nitirc oxide and solar variability
Creators: name: Reynolds, Amber
name: Marsh, Daniel
name: Barth, Mary
name: Mangan, Jennifer
name: Noble, Erik
Publisher: name: University Corporation For Atmospheric Research (UCAR)
Year: 2002
Subjects: Thermosphere
Stratosphere
Ozone
Solar energy
Solar cycle

Nitric oxide (NO), which is produced in the thermosphere as well as in other layers of the atmosphere, is known to destroy stratospheric ozone. Production of NO in the thermosphere is proportional to the amount of available solar energy, which fluctuates due to long-term variability such as the 11-year solar cycle and short-term variability such as solar storms, flare, etc. This research has performed a global examination of the relationship between production of NO in the thermosphere and solar variability by using data collected by the Student Nitric Oxide Explorer (SNOE). To quantify the correlation between production of NO in the thermosphere and solar variability, Empirical Orthogonal Functions (EOF) are used to compare variability in the monthly average of NO concentration observed by SNOE with two proxies for solar activity (F10.7 and Kp index). EOF analysis has revealed that the dominant mode of variability is seasonal, related to the absence of NO loss through photolysis during polar night. The second mode of variability appears to be well correlated to the highly variable Kp index, indication that increased auroral activity will result in increased levels of NO in high latitudes. Finally, in the tropics the third mode is well correlated to the F10.7 index, and confirms that long-term changes in solar radiation are directly related to tropical production of NO. The results of this research have provided an empirical database of thermospheric NO, suitable for inclusion in upper-atmospheric models, that includes the effects of solar fluctuations.
Istantanea radio di un lampo radio che si ripete
Creators: Ufficio stampa Inaf
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2021

Un team di ricercatori guidato dall’Inaf ha studiato nel dettaglio un lampo radio veloce (Frb, fast radio burst) che presenta ripetizioni del proprio segnale. Frb 20201124A è anche il terzo lampo radio veloce a ripetizione recentemente localizzato in una galassia vicina. Le osservazioni hanno permesso di realizzare un’immagine radio della galassia ospite del lampo radio veloce. I risultati su A&A Letters
Co-occurrence of Superparamagnetism and Anomalous Hall Effect in Highly Reduced Cobalt Doped Rutile TiO2 Films
Creators: name: Shinde, S. R.
name: Ogale, S. B.
name: Higgins, J. S.
name: Zheng, H.
name: Millis, A. J.
name: Kulkarni, V. N.
name: Ramesh, R.
name: Greene, R. L.
name: Venkatesan, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a detailed magnetic and structural analysis of highly reduced Co doped rutile TiO2 films displaying an anomalous Hall effect (AHE). The temperature and field dependence of magnetization, and transmission electron microscopy clearly establish the presence of nano-sized superparamagnetic cobalt clusters of 8-10 nm size in the films at the interface. The co-occurrence of superparamagnetism and AHE raises questions regarding the use of the AHE as a test of the intrinsic nature of ferromagnetism in diluted magnetic semiconductors.
description: Physical Review Letters (In press)
Sarà Airbus a costruire il satellite dell’Esa Ariel
Creators: Gloria Nobile
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2021

L’Agenzia spaziale europea e Airbus hanno firmato un contratto per portare avanti la realizzazione del telescopio spaziale Ariel, l’Atmospheric Remote-sensing Infrared Exoplanet Large-survey. I due team lavoreranno insieme a stretto contatto per portare a termine la missione, il cui lancio è previsto nel 2029 dalla base Esa di Kourou, nella Guyana francese
Quantum mechanics of Dirac particle beam transport through optical elements with straight and curved axes
Creators: name: Jaganathan, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Classical mechanical treatment of charged particle beam optics is so far very satisfactory from a practical point of view in applications ranging from electron microscopy to accelerator technology. However, it is desirable to understand the underlying quantum mechanics since the classical treatment is only an approximation. Quantum mechanical treatment of spin-1/2 particle beam transport through optical elements with straight optic axes, based on the proper equation, namely, the Dirac equation, has been developed already to some extent. In such a theory the orbital and spin motions are treated within a unified framework. Here, after a brief review of the Dirac spinor beam optics for systems with straight optic axes it is outlined how the application of the formalism of general relativity leads to the use of the Dirac equation for getting a quantum theory of spin-1/2 beam transport through optical elements with curved axes.
description: 10 Pages
Lanciato all’alba il telescopio spaziale Ixpe
Creators: Ufficio stampa Inaf
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2021

Nasa e Asi ancora insieme nello spazio con la tecnologia made in Italy di Infn e Inaf. L’Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer, con a bordo tre importanti strumenti realizzati in Italia, è decollato puntualmente alle 7:00 dal Kennedy Space Center, in Florida, a bordo di un vettore Falcon 9 di SpaceX
Il senso di Ixpe per la polarizzazione X
Creators: Redazione Media Inaf
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2021

Mancano poche ore alla partenza di Ixpe, l’Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer, un telescopio spaziale per la misura della polarizzazione X da oggetti cosmici esotici, come buchi neri e stelle di neutroni. Il lancio è previsto a partire dalle 7:00 ora italiana di oggi, giovedì 9 dicembre 2021, su un razzo SpaceX Falcon 9 dal Kennedy Space Center della Nasa, in Florida. Ecco cosa farà una volta nello spazio
The relationship between cigarette smoking and depression vulnerability: Effects of the serotonin transporter gene
Creators: name: Brody, Cindy L.
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 52
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
classificationCode: 5203
subject: Clinical and health psychology

description: People with current or past depression are more likely to have been regular smokers at some point in their lives. Smokers who have had experiences of depression are also less likely to quit. Attempts to understand this relationship and the potential underlying mechanisms are important insofar as they can help treatment efficacy for this group of smokers that appears to have particular difficulty maintaining smoking cessation. Prior research has suggested that different genetic variations might affect the relationship between smoking and depression. For instance, previous findings indicated that people with a short, less efficient, serotonin transporter gene have a stronger relationship between smoking and neuroticism than those with a long genotype. This study examined whether people with a short serotonin transporter genotype would have a stronger relationship between depression vulnerability and smoking behavior than those with the long genotype. In this sample (N = 487), depression vulnerability was associated with the tendency to be a current smoker, the likelihood of having ever been a smoker, and the tendency to smoke to reduce negative affect. However, participants with the short serotonin transporter genotype did not have stronger relationships between depression vulnerability and smoking variables. Discussion centered on possible reasons for varying results across conceptually similar studies.
Fotografato un pianeta attorno a stelle massicce
Creators: Redazione Media Inaf
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2021

Il sistema attorno al quale è stato immortalato è visibile a occhio nudo. Situato a circa 325 anni luce di distanza da noi, nella costellazione del Centauro, si chiama chiama b Centauri ed è il sistema stellare che ospita pianeti più caldo e più massiccio mai scoperto. Fra gli autori dello studio c’è anche Raffaele Gratton dell’Istituto nazionale di astrofisica
Existence results for nonexpansive multi-valued operators and nonlinear integral inclusions
Creators: name: Amara, Khaled Ben
name: Jeribi, Aref
name: Kaddachi, Najib
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 47H08, 47H09, 34K09, 47B48, 47H10

description: In this paper, we establish some new variants of fixed point theorems for a large class of countably nonexpansive multi-valued mappings. Some fixed point theorems for the sum and the product of three multi-valued mappings defined on nonempty, closed convex set of Banach algebras are also presented. These results improve and complement a number of earlier works. As an application, we prove existence results for a broad class of nonlinear functional integral inclusions as well as nonlinear differential inclusions.
L’importanza del ferro nello sviluppo della vita
Creators: Maura Sandri
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2021

Un gruppo di ricercatori dell'Università di Oxford ha scoperto i probabili meccanismi con cui il ferro ha influenzato lo sviluppo di forme di vita complesse sulla Terra. I risultati possono essere utilizzati per capire quanto sia probabile l’esistenza di forme di vita avanzate su altri pianeti, ad esempio valutando la quantità di ferro nel mantello degli esopianeti. Tutti i dettagli su Pnas