cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
DMPP-4: Candidate sub-Neptune mass planets orbiting a naked-eye star
Creators: name: Barnes, J. R.
name: Standing, M. R.
name: Haswell, C. A.
name: Staab, D.
name: Doherty, J. P. J.
name: Waller-Bridge, M.
name: Fossati, L.
name: Soto, M.
name: Anglada-Escudé, G.
name: Llama, J.
name: McCune, C.
name: Lewis, F. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present radial velocity measurements of the very bright ($V\sim5.7$) nearby F star, DMPP-4 (HD 184960). The anomalously low Ca II H&K emission suggests mass loss from planets orbiting a low activity host star. Periodic radial velocity variability with $\sim 10$ ms$^{-1}$ amplitude is found to persist over a $>4$ year timescale. Although the non-simultaneous photometric variability in four TESS sectors supports the view of an inactive star, we identify periodic photometric signals and also find spectroscopic evidence for stellar activity. We used a posterior sampling algorithm that includes the number of Keplerian signals, $N_\textrm{p}$, as a free parameter to test and compare (1) purely Keplerian models (2) a Keplerian model with linear activity correlation and (3) Keplerian models with Gaussian processes. A preferred model, with one Keplerian and quasi-periodic Gaussian process indicates a planet with a period of $P_\textrm{b} = 3.4982^{+0.0015}_{-0.0027}$ d and corresponding minimum mass of $m_\textrm{b}\,\textrm{sin}\,i = 12.2^{+1.8}_{-1.9}$ M$_\oplus$. Without further high time resolution observations over a longer timescale, we cannot definitively rule out the purely Keplerian model with 2 candidates planets with $P_\textrm{b} = 2.4570^{+0.0026}_{-0.0462}$ d, minimum mass $m_\textrm{b}\,\textrm{sin}\,i = 8.0^{+1.1}_{-1.5}$ M$_\oplus$ and $P_\textrm{c} = 5.4196^{+0.6766}_{-0.0030}$ d and corresponding minimum mass of $m_\textrm{b}\,\textrm{sin}\,i = 12.2^{+1.4}_{-1.6}$ M$_\oplus$. The candidate planets lie in the region below the lower-envelope of the Neptune Desert. Continued mass loss may originate from the highly irradiated planets or from an as yet undetected body in the system.
description: 19 pages, 11 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Time reversal of Markov processes with jumps under a finite entropy condition
Creators: name: Conforti, Giovanni
name: Léonard, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Motivated by entropic optimal transport, time reversal of Markov jump processes in $\mathbb{R}^n$ is investigated. Relying on an abstract integration by parts formula for the carré du champ of a Markov process recently obtained by Cattiaux, Gentil and the authors, and using an entropic improvement strategy discovered by Föllmer in the eighties, we compute the semimartingale characteristics of the time reversed process for a wide class of jump processes with possibly unbounded variation sample paths and singular intensities of jump.
(102700) William Henry Cantrell Shaw
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Coronal Properties of Low-Accreting AGNs using Swift, XMM-Newton and NuSTAR Observations
Creators: name: Jana, Arghajit
name: Chatterjee, Arka
name: Chang, Hsiang-Kuang
name: Nandi, Prantik
name: K., Rubinur
name: Kumari, Neeraj
name: Naik, Sachindra
name: Safi-Harb, Samar
name: Ricci, Claudio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We studied the broadband X-ray spectra of {\it Swift}/BAT selected low-accreting AGNs using the observations from {\it XMM-Newton}, {\it Swift}, and {\it NuSTAR} in the energy range of $0.5-150$~keV. Our sample consists of 30 AGNs with Eddington ratio, $λ_{\rm Edd}<10^{-3}$. We extracted several coronal parameters from the spectral modelling, such as the photon index, hot electron plasma temperature, cutoff energy, and optical depth. We tested whether there exists any correlation/anti-correlation among different spectral parameters. We observe that the relation of hot electron temperature with the cutoff energy in the low accretion domain is similar to what is observed in the high accretion domain. We did not observe any correlation between the Eddington ratio and the photon index. We studied the compactness-temperature diagram and found that the cooling process for extremely low-accreting AGNs is complex. The jet luminosity is calculated from the radio flux, and observed to be related to the bolometric luminosity as $L_{\rm jet} \propto L_{\rm bol}^{0.7}$, which is consistent with the standard radio-X-ray correlation.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Search for hybrid morphology radio galaxies from FIRST survey at 1400 MHz
Creators: name: Kumari, Shobha
name: Pal, Sabyasachi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hybrid Morphology Radio Sources (HyMoRS) are a very rare subclass of radio galaxies with apparent mixed FR morphology, i.e. these galaxies seem to have an FR-I structure on one side of the core and an FR-II structure on the other side of the core. We systematically searched for HyMoRS using Very Large Array (VLA) Faint Images of the Radio Sky at Twenty-cm (FIRST) survey with 1400 MHz frequency and identified 33 candidate HyMoRS. Our finding significantly increased the known sample size of HyMoRS. HyMoRS may play an essential role in understanding the interaction of jets with the interstellar medium and the much-debated topic of the FR dichotomy. We identified optical counterparts for 29 sources in our catalogue. In our sample of sources, one source (J1106+1355) had quasar-like behaviour. Four sources were BRCLG (Brightest Cluster Galaxies) and six were LRG (Luminous Red Galaxies). We have estimated the spectral index and radio luminosity of HyMoRS in our catalogue, when possible. We found that J1136--0328 was the most luminous source in our sample ($\log L = 27.01$ W Hz$^{-1}$sr$^{-1}$). It was also the farthest HyMoRS (with a redshift $z$ = 0.82) in our sample. With the help of a large sample size of discovered sources, various statistical properties of detected galaxies were studied.
description: 10 pages, Published on 6th July (MNRAS)
(102698) Mary Charlotte Mair Senior
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Peter Fasold / Thomas Fischer / Henner von Hesberg / Marion Witteyer (Hrsg.), Bestattungssitte und kulturelle Identität
Creators: name: Faber, Andrea
Publisher: name: Germania : Anzeiger der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts
Year: 2023

description: Rezension zu: Peter Fasold / Thomas Fischer / Henner von Hesberg / Marion Witteyer (Hrsg.), Bestattungssitte und kulturelle Identität. Grabanlagen und Grabbeigaben der frühen römischen Kaiserzeit in Italien und den Nordwest-Provinzen. Kolloquium Xanten 16. bis 18. Februar 1995: „Römische Gräber des 1. Jhs. n. Chr. in Italien und den Nordwestprovinzen“. Xantener Berichte, Band 7. Rheinland-Verlag GmbH, Köln 1998. In Kommission bei Dr. Rudolf Habelt GmbH, Bonn. DEM 110,— (€ 56,24). ISBN 3-7927-1620-8. 432 Seiten mit 251 Abbildungen.
description: Germania : Anzeiger der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts, Bd. 80 Nr. 2 2002(2003)
(102697) Charles Turner Simpson
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Multidrug resistance-selective antiproliferative activity of Piper amide alkaloids and synthetic analogues
Creators: name: Lee, Kuo Hsiung
name: Goto, Masuo
name: Wang, Li Ting
name: Long, Chun Lin
name: Tang, Gui Hua
name: Morris-Natschke, Susan L.
name: Wang, Yue Hu
name: Hsieh, Kan Yen
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Twenty-five amide alkaloids (1–25) from Piper boehmeriifolium and 10 synthetic amide alkaloid derivatives (39–48) were evaluated for antiproliferative activity against eight human tumor cell lines, including chemosensitive and multidrug-resistant (MDR) cell lines. The results suggested tumor type-selectivity. 1-[7-(3,4,5-Trimethoxyphenyl)heptanoyl]piperidine (46) exhibited the best inhibitory activity (IC50 = 4.94 µM) against the P-glycoprotein (P-gp)-overexpressing KBvin MDR sub-line, while it and all other tested compounds, except 9, were inactive (IC50 >40 µM) against MDA-MB-231 and SK-BR-3. Structure-activity relationships (SARs) indicated that (i) 3,4,5-trimethoxy phenyl substitution is critical for selectivity against KBvin, (ii) the 4-methoxy group in this pattern is crucial for antiproliferative activity, (iii) double bonds in the side chain are not needed for activity, and (iv), in arylalkenylacyl amide alkaloids, replacement of an isobutylamino group with pyrrolidin-1-yl or piperidin-1-yl significantly improved activity. Further study on Piper amides is warranted, particularly whether side chain length affects the ability to overcome the MDR cancer phenotype.
Lovász-Type Theorems and Game Comonads
Creators: name: Dawar, Anuj
name: Jakl, Tomáš
name: Reggio, Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Lovász (1967) showed that two finite relational structures A and B are isomorphic if, and only if, the number of homomorphisms from C to A is the same as the number of homomorphisms from C to B for any finite structure C. Soon after, Pultr (1973) proved a categorical generalisation of this fact. We propose a new categorical formulation, which applies to any locally finite category with pushouts and a proper factorisation system. As special cases of this general theorem, we obtain two variants of Lovász' theorem: the result by Dvořák (2010) that characterises equivalence of graphs in the k-dimensional Weisfeiler-Leman equivalence by homomorphism counts from graphs of tree-width at most k, and the result of Grohe (2020) characterising equivalence with respect to first-order logic with counting and quantifier depth k in terms of homomorphism counts from graphs of tree-depth at most k. The connection of our categorical formulation with these results is obtained by means of the game comonads of Abramsky et al. We also present a novel application to homomorphism counts in modal logic.
description: 23 pages. To appear in the Proceedings of the 36th Annual ACM/IEEE Symposium on Logic in Computer Science (LICS 2021)
(102695) Henrietta Mary Amy Simpson
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
(102693) Maddelena Cippoletti
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Physicochemical property-driven optimization of diarylaniline compounds as potent HIV-1 non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors
Creators: name: Xie, Lan
name: Lu, Lu
name: Qin, Bingjie
name: Lee, Kuo Hsiung
name: Jiang, Shibo
name: Sun, Lian Qi
name: Yu, Fei
name: Liu, Na
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Using physicochemical property-driven optimization, twelve new diarylaniline compounds (DAANs) (7a–h, 11a–b and 12a–b) were designed and synthesized. Among them, compounds 12a–b not only showed high potency (EC50 0.96–4.92 nM) against both wild-type and drug-resistant viral strains with the lowest fold change (FC 0.91 and 5.13), but also displayed acceptable drug-like properties based on aqueous solubility and lipophilicity (LE > 0.3, LLE > 5, LELP < 10). The correlations between potency and physicochemical properties of these DAAN analogues are also described. Compounds 12a–b merit further development as potent clinical trial candidates against AIDS.
Decoupled Quark Stars Relativistic Models in the Regime of Self-interacting Brans-Dicke Gravity
Creators: name: Sharif, M.
name: Majid, Amal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we generate two static anisotropic solutions for a sphere containing quark matter in the framework of self-interacting Brans-Dicke theory. For this purpose, we add an anisotropic source in the seed distribution and decouple the field equations through deformation in the radial metric function. As a result of this transformation, the field equations are disintegrated into two systems which separately include the effects of isotropic and anisotropic sources. The system related to the additional source is solved via the MIT bag model equation of state. We consider Tolman V spacetime and Karmarkar condition to formulate two solutions for the isotropic sector which are extended to the anisotropic domain via decoupling technique. The junction conditions at the boundary determine the unknown parameters in terms of mass and radius of the spherical object. We investigate the viability and stability of the constructed strange star models in the presence of massive scalar field corresponding to three strange star candidates: Her X-1, PSR J1614-2230 and 4U 1608-52. It is concluded that the anisotropic models are well-behaved as they fulfill the necessary requirements for lower as well as higher values of the decoupling parameter.
description: 38 pages, 22 figures
Design and synthesis of novel PEG-conjugated 20(S)-camptothecin sulfonylamidine derivatives with potent in vitro antitumor activity via Cu-catalyzed three-component reaction
Creators: name: Zhu, Gao Xiang
name: Song, Zi Long
name: Wang, Yu Han
name: Wang, Mei Juan
name: Gao, Wen Jing
name: Liu, Ying Qian
name: Goto, Masuo
name: Chen, Hai Le
name: Morris-Natschke, Susan L.
name: Cheng, Pi Le
name: Lee, Kuo Hsiung
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: In our continuing search for camptothecin (CPT)-derived antitumor drugs, novel structurally diverse PEG-based 20(S)-CPT sulfonylamidine derivatives were designed, synthesized via a Cu-multicomponent reaction (MCR), and evaluated for cytotoxicity against four human tumor cell lines (A-549, MDA-MB-231, KB, and KBvin). All of the derivatives showed promising in vitro cytotoxic activity against the tested tumor cell lines, and were more potent than irinotecan. Significantly, these derivatives exhibited comparable cytotoxicity against KBvin, while irinotecan was less active against this cell line. With a concise efficient synthesis and potent cytotoxic profiles, especially significant activity towards KBvin, these compounds merit further development as a new generation of CPT-derived PEG-conjugated drug candidates.
Predicting Aqueous Solubility of Organic Molecules Using Deep Learning Models with Varied Molecular Representations
Creators: name: Panapitiya, Gihan
name: Girard, Michael
name: Hollas, Aaron
name: Murugesan, Vijay
name: Wang, Wei
name: Saldanha, Emily
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Determining the aqueous solubility of molecules is a vital step in many pharmaceutical, environmental, and energy storage applications. Despite efforts made over decades, there are still challenges associated with developing a solubility prediction model with satisfactory accuracy for many of these applications. The goal of this study is to develop a general model capable of predicting the solubility of a broad range of organic molecules. Using the largest currently available solubility dataset, we implement deep learning-based models to predict solubility from molecular structure and explore several different molecular representations including molecular descriptors, simplified molecular-input line-entry system (SMILES) strings, molecular graphs, and three-dimensional (3D) atomic coordinates using four different neural network architectures - fully connected neural networks (FCNNs), recurrent neural networks (RNNs), graph neural networks (GNNs), and SchNet. We find that models using molecular descriptors achieve the best performance, with GNN models also achieving good performance. We perform extensive error analysis to understand the molecular properties that influence model performance, perform feature analysis to understand which information about molecular structure is most valuable for prediction, and perform a transfer learning and data size study to understand the impact of data availability on model performance.
The Impact of Net-Zero Emissions Target Announcements on Listed Organisations’ Share Price
Creators: name: Parashar, Dhruv
Publisher: name: Macquarie University
Year: 2023
Subjects: Other education not elsewhere classified

description: In order to ascertain the holistic impact of net-zero emissions commitments on their ability to help preserve the environment, it is essential to determine their impact on the financial viability of capital markets to ensure the economic sustainability of the net-zero emissions commitments. This would promote a ‘business case’ for a global adoption of these commitments. However, there is a scarce understanding around the necessitating impact of these commitments on the reactions of investors. Therefore, this study examines whether capital markets react to the announcements of Australian and United Kingdom (UK) listed organisations committing to strategically binding net-zero emissions targets. This study also attempts to assess the share price movements that correspond to a comparative analysis between organisations listed on the Australian Securities Exchange and the London Stock Exchange. The results show that investors react marginally negatively to the announcements around the time of the event; however, this reaction consequently brings positive returns to the investors. Furthermore, the results show that a declaration of net-zero emissions commitments by listed companies in the UK generally results in a greater share price movement (negative) during the time of the announcement compared to the companies listed in Australia. The results of this study aspire to provide a greater momentum to the ongoing debate as it establishes a direct impact of net-zero emissions announcements on the share price of the committing organisation. The study also helps encourage managerial insights into how net-zero emissions commitments can promote the financial viability of sustainability endeavours of an organisation. It highlights the importance of this nascent trend of global adoption as policymakers, customers, and society attempt to enforce the claims set forth by committing organisations.
A regularizing iterative ensemble Kalman method for PDE-constrained inverse problems
Creators: name: Iglesias, Marco A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We introduce a derivative-free computational framework for approximating solutions to nonlinear PDE-constrained inverse problems. The aim is to merge ideas from iterative regularization with ensemble Kalman methods from Bayesian inference to develop a derivative-free stable method easy to implement in applications where the PDE (forward) model is only accessible as a black box. The method can be derived as an approximation of the regularizing Levenberg-Marquardt (LM) scheme [14] in which the derivative of the forward operator and its adjoint are replaced with empirical covariances from an ensemble of elements from the admissible space of solutions. The resulting ensemble method consists of an update formula that is applied to each ensemble member and that has a regularization parameter selected in a similar fashion to the one in the LM scheme. Moreover, an early termination of the scheme is proposed according to a discrepancy principle-type of criterion. The proposed method can be also viewed as a regularizing version of standard Kalman approaches which are often unstable unless ad-hoc fixes, such as covariance localization, are implemented. We provide a numerical investigation of the conditions under which the proposed method inherits the regularizing properties of the LM scheme of [14]. More concretely, we study the effect of ensemble size, number of measurements, selection of initial ensemble and tunable parameters on the performance of the method. The numerical investigation is carried out with synthetic experiments on two model inverse problems: (i) identification of conductivity on a Darcy flow model and (ii) electrical impedance tomography with the complete electrode model. We further demonstrate the potential application of the method in solving shape identification problems by means of a level-set approach for the parameterization of unknown geometries.
Minimal functional bases for elasticity tensor symmetry classes
Creators: name: Desmorat, Rodrigue
name: Auffray, N
name: Desmorat, B
name: Olive, M
name: Kolev, Boris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Functional bases, synonymous with separating sets, are usually formulated for an entire vector space, such as the space Ela of elasticity tensors. We propose here to define functional bases limited to symmetry strata, i.e. sets of tensors of the same symmetry class. We provide such lowcardinal minimal bases for tetragonal, trigonal, cubic or transversely isotropic symmetry strata of the elasticity tensor.
description: Journal of Elasticity, Springer Verlag, 2022
Topological phase and edge states dependence of the RKKY interaction in zigzag silicene nanoribbon
Creators: name: Zare, Moslem
name: Parhizgar, Fariborz
name: Asgari, Reza
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose versatile materials based on the Ruderman-Kittel-Kasuya-Yosida (RKKY) interaction in a zigzag silicene nanoribbon (ZSNR) on half filling in the presence of an out-of-plane electric field. We show that the topological phase transition in the band dispersion of ZSNR can be probed by using the RKKY interaction. We find that, due to the zero-energy edge states of the ZSNR, the exchange coupling is significantly enhanced when the impurities are located on the zigzag edges, and also explore that the strength of the interaction in the topological insulator phase is much greater than that when the system is in the band insulator region. We present a model to investigate the phase of a system of two magnetic impurities located on the edge of the ZSNR and find that three different magnetic phases, spiral, ferromagnetic, and anti-ferromagnetic, are possible for different values of the electric field. This electrical tunability of the magnetic phases in silicene can be explored by using current experimental techniques and can be of interest in the field of spintronics.
description: Published version, 7 pages, 5 figures
On Learning to Rank Long Sequences with Contextual Bandits
Creators: name: Santara, Anirban
name: Gentile, Claudio
name: Aggarwal, Gaurav
name: Li, Shuai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Motivated by problems of learning to rank long item sequences, we introduce a variant of the cascading bandit model that considers flexible length sequences with varying rewards and losses. We formulate two generative models for this problem within the generalized linear setting, and design and analyze upper confidence algorithms for it. Our analysis delivers tight regret bounds which, when specialized to vanilla cascading bandits, results in sharper guarantees than previously available in the literature. We evaluate our algorithms on a number of real-world datasets, and show significantly improved empirical performance as compared to known cascading bandit baselines.
(102692) Charles Bampfylde Braham
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Design, synthesis, pharmacological characterization of a fluorescent agonist of the P2Y 14 receptor
Creators: name: Kiselev, Evgeny
name: Katritch, Vsevolod
name: Hammes, Eva
name: Balasubramanian, Ramachandran
name: Stevens, Raymond C.
name: Uliassi, Elisa
name: Trujillo, Kevin
name: Jacobson, Kenneth A.
name: Harden, T. Kendall
name: Brown, Kyle A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: The P2Y14R is a G(i/o)-coupled receptor of the P2Y family of purinergic receptors that is activated by extracellular UDP and UDP-glucose (UDPG). In an earlier report we described a P2Y14R fluorescent probe, MRS4174, based on the potent and selective antagonist PPTN, a naphthoic acid derivative. Here, we report the design, preparation, and activity of an agonist-based fluorescent probe MRS4183 (11) and a shorter P2Y14R agonist congener, which contain a UDP-glucuronic acid pharmacophore and BODIPY fluorophores conjugated through diaminoalkyl linkers. The design relied on both docking in a P2Y14R homology model and established structure activity relationship (SAR) of nucleotide analogs. 11 retained P2Y14R potency with EC50 value of 0.96 nM (inhibition of adenylyl cyclase), compared to parent UDPG (EC50 47 nM) and served as a tracer for microscopy and flow cytometry, displaying minimal nonspecific binding. Binding saturation analysis gave an apparent binding constant for 11 in whole cells of 21.4±1.1 nM, with a t1/2 of association at 50 nM 11 of 23.9 min. Known P2Y14R agonists and PPTN inhibited cell binding of 11 with the expected rank order of potency. The success in the identification of a new P2Y14R fluorescent agonist with low nonspecific binding illustrates the advantages of rational design based on recently determined GPCR X-ray structures. Such conjugates will be useful tools in expanding the SAR of this receptor, which still lacks chemical diversity in its collective ligands.
Evaluation of Aconitum diterpenoid alkaloids as antiproliferative agents
Creators: name: Wada, Koji
name: Lee, Kuo Hsiung
name: Goto, Masuo
name: Zhao, Yu
name: Morris-Natschke, Susan L.
name: Ohkoshi, Emika
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Little information has been reported on the antitumor effects of the diterpenoid alkaloid constituents of Aconitum plants, used in the herbal drug “bushi”. This study was aimed at determining the antitumor activities of Aconitum C19-and C20-diterpenoid alkaloids and synthetic derivatives against lung (A549), prostate (DU145), nasopharyngeal (KB), and vincristine-resistant nasopharyngeal (KB-VIN) cancer cell lines. Newly synthesized C20-diterpenoid alkaloid derivatives showed substantial suppressive effects against all human tumor cell lines tested. In contrast, natural and derivatized C19-diterpenoid alkaloids showed only a slight or no effect. Most of the active compounds were hetisine-type C20-diterpenoid alkaloids, specifically kobusine and pseudokobusine analogs with two different substitution patterns, C-11 and C-11,15. Notably, several C20-diterpenoid alkaloids were more potent against multidrug-resistant KB subline KB-VIN cells. Pseudokobusine 11-3′-trifluoromethylbenzoate (94) is a possible promising new lead meriting additional evaluation against multidrug-resistant tumors.
The chemistry of planetary nebulae in the outer regions of M31
Creators: name: Corradi, R. L. M.
name: Kwitter, K. B.
name: Balick, B.
name: Henry, R. B. C.
name: Hensley, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present spectroscopy of nine planetary nebulae (PNe) in the outskirts of M31, all but one obtained with the 10.4m GTC telescope. These sources extend our previous study of the oxygen abundance gradient of M31 to galactocentric radii as large as 100 kpc. None of the targets are bona fide members of a classical, metal-poor and ancient halo. Two of the outermost PNe have solar oxygen abundances, as well as radial velocities consistent with the kinematics of the extended disk of M31. The other PNe have a slightly lower oxygen content ([O/H] ~ -0.4) and in some cases large deviations from the disk kinematics. These PNe support the current view that the external regions of M31 are the result of a complex interaction and merger process, with evidence for a widespread population of solar-metallicity stars produced in a starburst that occurred ~2 Gyr ago.
description: Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
Re-exploring the N-phenylpicolinamide derivatives to develop mGlu4 ligands with improved affinity and in vitro microsomal stability
Creators: name: Kang, Hye Jin
name: Roth, Bryan L.
name: Brownell, Anna Liisa
name: Choi, Ji Kyung
name: Poutiainen, Pekka
name: Kil, Kun Eek
name: Zhang, Zhaoda
name: Huang, Xi Ping
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: In recent years, mGlu4 has received great attention and research effort because of the potential benefits of mGlu4 activation in treating numerous brain disorders, such as Parkinson's disease (PD). Many positive allosteric modulators of mGlu4 have been developed. To better understand the role of mGlu4 in healthy and disease conditions, we are interested in developing an mGlu4 selective radioligand for in vivo studies. Thus, we had synthesized and studied [(11)C]2 as a PET tracer for mGlu4, which demonstrated some promising features as a PET radioligand as well as the limitation need to be improved. In order to develop an mGlu4 ligand with enhanced affinity and improved metabolic stability, we have modified, synthesized and evaluated a series of new N-phenylpicolinamide derivatives. The SAR study has discovered a number of compounds with low nM affinity to mGlu4. The dideuteriumfluoromethoxy modified compound 24 is identified as a very promising mGlu4 ligand, which has demonstrated enhanced affinity, improved in vitro microsomal stability, good selectivity and good permeability.
Simulation study on the fleet performance of shared autonomous bicycles
Creators: name: Sánchez, Naroa Coretti
name: Martinez, Iñigo
name: Pastor, Luis Alonso
name: Larson, Kent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Rethinking cities is now more imperative than ever, as society faces global challenges such as population growth and climate change. The design of cities can not be abstracted from the design of its mobility system, and, therefore, efficient solutions must be found to transport people and goods throughout the city in an ecological way. An autonomous bicycle-sharing system would combine the most relevant benefits of vehicle sharing, electrification, autonomy, and micro-mobility, increasing the efficiency and convenience of bicycle-sharing systems and incentivizing more people to bike and enjoy their cities in an environmentally friendly way. Due to the uniqueness and radical novelty of introducing autonomous driving technology into bicycle-sharing systems and the inherent complexity of these systems, there is a need to quantify the potential impact of autonomy on fleet performance and user experience. This paper presents an ad-hoc agent-based simulator that provides an in-depth understanding of the fleet behavior of autonomous bicycle-sharing systems in realistic scenarios, including a rebalancing system based on demand prediction. In addition, this work describes the impact of different parameters on system efficiency and service quality and quantifies the extent to which an autonomous system would outperform current bicycle-sharing schemes. The obtained results show that with a fleet size three and a half times smaller than a station-based system and eight times smaller than a dockless system, an autonomous system can provide overall improved performance and user experience even with no rebalancing. These findings indicate that the remarkable efficiency of an autonomous bicycle-sharing system could compensate for the additional cost of autonomous bicycles.
Structure–activity relationship studies of QS11, a small molecule Wnt synergistic agonist
Creators: name: Singh, Manish K.
name: Zhang, Qisheng
name: Schmalzigaug, Robert
name: Gao, Huanyao
name: Song, Zhiquan
name: Premont, Richard T.
name: Sun, Wei
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Both the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and small GTPases of the ADP-ribosylation factors (ARF) family play important roles in regulating cell development, homeostasis and fate. The previous report of QS11, a small molecule Wnt synergist that binds to ARF GTPase-activating protein 1 (ARFGAP1), suggests a role for ARFGAP1 in the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. However, direct inhibition of enzymatic activity of ARFGAP1 by QS11 has not been established. Whether ARFGAP1 is the only target that contributes to QS11's Wnt synergy is also not clear. Here we present structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies of QS11 analogs in two assays: direct inhibition of enzymatic activity of purified ARFGAP1 protein and cellular activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. The results confirm the direct inhibition of ARFGAP1 by QS11, and also suggest the presence of other potential cellular targets of QS11.
(102689) Constance Esther Rosa Cippoletti Braham
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Analysis of the orbital evolution of space debris using a solar sail and natural forces
Creators: name: Carvalho, Jean Paulo dos S.
name: de Moraes, Rodolpho Vilhena
name: Prado, Antonio Fernando Bertachini de A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, the orbital evolution of these objects that are located in the geostationary orbit (GEO) is analyzed. Knowing this, the possibility of using a solar sail is considered to help to clean the space environment. The main natural environmental perturbations that act in the orbit of the debris are considered in the dynamics. Such forces acting in the solar sail can force the growth of the eccentricity of these objects in the GEO orbit. Several authors have presented models of the solar radiation pressure considering the single-averaged model. But, doing a literature research, we found that the authors consider the Earth around the Sun in a circular and inclined orbit. Our contribution to the SRP model is in developing a different approach from other authors, where we consider the Sun in an elliptical and inclined orbit, which is valid for other bodies in the solar system when the eccentricity cannot be neglected. The expression of the SRP is developed up to the second order. We found that the first-order term is much superior to the second-order term, so the quadrupole term can be neglected. Another contribution is the approach to identify the initial conditions of the perigee argument (g) and the longitude of the ascending node (h), where some values of the (g, h) plane contribute to amplify the eccentricity growth. In the numerical simulations we consider real data from space debris removed from the site Stuff in Space. The solar sail helps to clean up the space environment using a propulsion system that uses the Sun itself, a clean and abundant energy source, unlike chemical propellants, to contribute to the sustainability of space exploration.
(102688) Frances Strachey
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
The rate of spontaneous cleavage of the glycosidic bond of adenosine
Creators: name: Schroeder, Gottfried K.
name: Stockbridge, Randy B.
name: Wolfenden, Richard
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Previous estimates of the rate of spontaneous cleavage of the glycosidic bond of adenosine were determined by extrapolating the rates of the acid - and base-catalyzed reactions to neutral pH. Here we show that cleavage also proceeds through a pH-independent mechanism. Rate constants were determined as a function of temperature at pH 7 and a linear Arrhenius plot was constructed. Uncatalyzed cleavage occurs with a rate constant of 3.7 × 10−12 s−1 at 25 °C, and the rate enhancement generated by the corresponding glycoside hydrolase is ~5 × 1012-fold.
A system of non-local parabolic PDE and application to option pricing
Creators: name: Goswami, Anindya
name: Patel, Jeeten
name: Shevgaonkar, Poorva
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Pricing of Securities (q-fin.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: 60K15, 91B30, 91G20, 91G60

description: This paper includes a proof of well-posedness of an initial-boundary value problem involving a system of degenerate non-local parabolic PDE which naturally arises in the study of derivative pricing in a generalized market model. In a semi-Markov modulated GBM model the locally risk minimizing price function satisfies a special case of this problem. We study the well-posedness of the problem via a Volterra integral equation of second kind. A probabilistic approach, in particular the method of conditioning on stopping times is used for showing uniqueness.
description: 7 pages. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1408.5266
Clockwise evolution in the hardness-intensity diagram of the black hole X-ray binary Swift J1910.2-0546
Creators: name: Saikia, Payaswini
name: Russell, David M.
name: Pirbhoy, Saarah F.
name: Baglio, M. C.
name: Bramich, M.
name: Alabarta, Kevin
name: Lewis, Fraser
name: Charles, Phil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a detailed study of optical data from the 2012 outburst of the candidate black hole X-ray binary Swift J1910.2-0546 using the Faulkes Telescope and Las Cumbres Observatory (LCO). We analyse the peculiar spectral state changes of Swift J1910.2-0546 in different energy bands, and characterise how the optical and UV emission correlates with the unusual spectral state evolution. Using various diagnostic tools like the optical/X-ray correlation and spectral energy distributions, we disentangle the different emission processes contributing towards the optical flux of the system. When Swift J1910.2-0546 transitions to the pure hard state, we find significant optical brightening of the source along with a dramatic change in the optical colour due to the onset of a jet during the spectral state transition. For the rest of the spectral states, the optical/UV emission is mostly dominated by an X-ray irradiated disk. From our high cadence optical study, we have discovered a putative modulation. Assuming that this modulation arises from a superhump, we suggest Swift J1910.2-0546 to have an orbital period of 2.25-2.47 hr, which would make it the shortest orbital period black hole X-ray binary known to date. Finally, from the state transition luminosity of the source, we find that the distance to the source is likely to be ~4.5-20.8 kpc, which is also supported by the comparative position of the source in the global optical/X-ray correlation of a large sample of black hole and neutron star X-ray binaries.
description: Published at MNRAS, 12 pages
Higher clearance of micafungin in neonates compared with adults: role of age-dependent micafungin serum binding
Creators: name: Thakker, Dhiren R.
name: Yanni, Souzan B.
name: Annaert, Pieter P.
name: Benjamin Jr., Daniel K.
name: Augustijns, Patrick F.
name: Smith, P. Brian
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Micafungin, a new echinocandin antifungal agent, has been widely used for the treatment of various fungal infections in human populations. Micafungin is predominantly cleared by biliary excretion and it binds extensively to plasma proteins (>99.5%). Micafungin body weight-adjusted clearance is higher in neonates than in adults, but the mechanisms underlying this difference are not understood. Previous work had revealed the roles of sinusoidal uptake (Na+-taurocholate co-transporting peptide, NTCP; organic anion transporting polypeptide, OATP) as well as canalicular efflux (bile salt export pump, BSEP; breast cancer resistance protein, BCRP) transporters in micafungin hepatobiliary elimination. In the present study, the relative protein expression of hepatic transporters was compared between liver homogenates from neonates and adults. Also, the extent of micafungin binding to serum from neonates and adults was measured in vitro. The results indicate that relative expression levels of NTCP, OATP1B1/3, BSEP, BCRP, and MRP3 were similar in neonates and in adults. However, micafungin fraction unbound (fu) in neonatal serum was about 8-fold higher than in adult serum (0.033 ± 0.012 versus 0.004 ± 0.001, respectively). While there was no evidence for different intrinsic hepatobiliary clearance of micafungin between neonates and adults, our data suggest that age-dependent serum protein binding of micafungin is responsible for its higher clearance in neonates compared to adults.
(102687) John St Loe Strachey
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.