cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Image Enhancement for Remote Photoplethysmography in a Low-Light Environment
Creators: name: Xi, Lin
name: Chen, Weihai
name: Zhao, Changchen
name: Wu, Xingming
name: Wang, Jianhua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: With the improvement of sensor technology and significant algorithmic advances, the accuracy of remote heart rate monitoring technology has been significantly improved. Despite of the significant algorithmic advances, the performance of rPPG algorithm can degrade in the long-term, high-intensity continuous work occurred in evenings or insufficient light environments. One of the main challenges is that the lost facial details and low contrast cause the failure of detection and tracking. Also, insufficient lighting in video capturing hurts the quality of physiological signal. In this paper, we collect a large-scale dataset that was designed for remote heart rate estimation recorded with various illumination variations to evaluate the performance of the rPPG algorithm (Green, ICA, and POS). We also propose a low-light enhancement solution (technical solution) for remote heart rate estimation under the low-light condition. Using collected dataset, we found 1) face detection algorithm cannot detect faces in video captured in low light conditions; 2) A decrease in the amplitude of the pulsatile signal will lead to the noise signal to be in the dominant position; and 3) the chrominance-based method suffers from the limitation in the assumption about skin-tone will not hold, and Green and ICA method receive less influence than POS in dark illuminance environment. The proposed solution for rPPG process is effective to detect and improve the signal-to-noise ratio and precision of the pulsatile signal.
description: Accepted by FG2020
Trace Elemental Analysis of Precipitates in Multicrystalline Silicon and Investigation of Solar Cell Shunting
Creators: name: Richter, S.
name: Naumann, V.
name: Lausch, D.
name: Werner, M.
name: März, B.
name: Ilse, K.
name: Hagendorf, C.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Feedstock, Crystallisation and Wafering

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 1254-1258
description: The main aims of the photovoltaic industry are an enhancement of solar cell efficiency, the reduction of
production costs and also to improve the production yield. The presence of various kinds of precipitates in block-cast
multicrystalline Si for wafer-based solar cell production has a significant impact on the subsequent process technology.
In this work the microstructural properties of SiC and Si3N4 precipitates as well as SiC filaments on grain boundaries
are investigated with NIR microscopy, SEM and TEM studies. The elemental composition is analyzed with the help of
ToF-SIMS and the electrical properties are investigated by LIT, BS-EBIC and 4-point probing. Our results contribute to
new insights in solar cell shunting processes.
Non-Vacuum Processing and Properties of Black Silicon Solar Cell
Creators: name: Lin, C.-H.
name: Dimitrov, D.Z.
name: Du, C.-H.
name: Sun, W.-C.
name: Lan, C.-W.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Materials and Cells

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 1968-1970
description: Nano-scale texturing the silicon substrate may result in an almost complete light trapping in a broad spectral
range, leading to black surface in appearance. However, the damaged surface significantly increases the difficulties to
incorporate such black substrate into the final solar cell. Although the performance of the black silicon solar cells has not
been satisfied so far, it is still widely believed that nano-scale texturing is a promising way to achieve high efficient solar cell.
In this study, a non-vacuum processing for smoothing the nano-scale textured surface has been proposed. This is achieved by
low-degree oxidation and wet chemical etching. The performance of the resulted black silicon solar cells are presented and
discussed in correlation with the surface structure. Besides, a variety of approaches of further optimization of such black
solar cells are also discussed.
Local cluster-size statistics in the critical phase of bond percolation on the Cayley tree
Creators: name: Nogawa, Tomoaki
name: Hasegawa, Takehisa
name: Nemoto, Koji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study bond percolation of the Cayley tree (CT) by focusing on the probability distribution function (PDF) of a local variable, namely, the size of the cluster including a selected vertex. Because the CT does not have a dominant bulk region, which is free from the boundary effect, even in the large-size limit, the phase of the system on it is not well defined. We herein show that local observation is useful to define the phase of such a system in association with the well-defined phase of the system on the Bethe lattice, that is, an infinite regular tree without boundary. Above the percolation threshold, the PDFs of the vertex at the center of the CT (the origin) and of the vertices near the boundary of the CT (the leaves) have different forms, which are also dissimilar to the PDF observed in the ordinary percolating phase of a Euclidean lattice. The PDF for the origin of the CT is bimodal: a decaying exponential function and a system-size-dependent asymmetric peak, which obeys a finite-size-scaling law with a fractal exponent. These modes are respectively related to the PDFs of the finite and infinite clusters in the nonuniqueness phase of the Bethe lattice. On the other hand, the PDF for the leaf of the CT is a decaying power function. This is similar to the PDF observed at a critical point of a Euclidean lattice but is attributed to the nesting structure of the CT around the boundary.
description: 16 pages, 8 figures
Development of Phosphorus Spray Diffusion for the Applications on Thin Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells
Creators: name: Liu, Z.
name: Takato, H.
name: Togashi, C.
name: Sakata, I.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Materials and Cells

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 1971-1974
description: In this paper, spin-on doping (SOD) is investigated and applied to the fabrication of emitter layers of
crystalline Si solar cells. The diffusion process and gettering effect are studied in detail and compared with those of
conventional POCl3 diffusion. It has been found that the optimum diffusion temperatures for mono and multi-Si
wafers exist around 870 and 850oC, respectively. The gettering effect accompanied with P diffusion corresponds to
the high solar cell performances in multi-Si wafers. A novel approach of a hydrophilic surface condition after RCA
cleaning is introduced for textured wafers. This method is effective in improving the homogeneity of coating and
reducing the residual organic materials after diffusion. A process of O2 treatment at 600oC prior to the diffusion can
further improve the solar cell performances of textured Si wafers.
Supplementary document for End-to-end learned single lens design using improved Wiener deconvolution - 6212725.pdf
Creators: name: Zhang, Rongshuai
name: Tan, Fanjiao
name: Hou, Qingyu
name: Li, Zongling
name: Sun, Zaiwu
name: Yang, Changjian
name: Gao, Xiangyang
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supplemental Document
Relative Entropy Bounds on Quantum, Private and Repeater Capacities
Creators: name: Christandl, Matthias
name: Müller-Hermes, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We find a strong-converse bound on the private capacity of a quantum channel assisted by unlimited two-way classical communication. The bound is based on the max-relative entropy of entanglement and its proof uses a new inequality for the sandwiched Rényi divergences based on complex interpolation techniques. We provide explicit examples of quantum channels where our bound improves both the transposition bound (on the quantum capacity assisted by classical communication) and the bound based on the squashed entanglement introduced by Takeoka et al.. As an application we study a repeater version of the private capacity assisted by classical communication and provide an example of a quantum channel with negligible private repeater capacity.
description: 25 pages, 2 figures, added appendix
Ptilotis chrysotis subsp. saturatior Rothschild and Hartert
Creators: name: , Mary
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Passeriformes
Meliphagidae
Ptilotis

description: Ptilotis chrysotis saturatior Rothschild and Hartert Ptilotis chrysotis saturatior Rothschild and Hartert, 1903b: 445 (Wanambei, Kobroor). Now Xanthotis flaviventer saturatior (Rothschild and Hartert, 1903). See Schodde and Mason, 1999: 227–228, and Higgins et al., 2008: 689–690. HOLOTYPE: AMNH 696101, adult male, collected on the Manambei Channel (5 Wanambei 5 Sg [Sungai] Wanoembai, as on label), 05.57S, 134.34E (USBGN, 1982a), Kobroor Island, Aru Islands, Papua Province, Indonesia, on 1 September 1900, by Heinrich Kühn (no. 2425). From the Rothschild Collection. COMMENTS: Rothschild and Hartert gave Kühn’s number of the holotype in the original description and listed the nine specimens in their type series. The eight paratypes are: Trangan Island, AMNH 696098, male, 16 September 1900, by Kühn (no. 260); Sungai Bark, AMNH 696099, female, 26 August 1900, by Kühn (no. 2428); Sg. Wanoembai, AMNH 696100, female, 2 September 1900, by Kühn (no. 2426), AMNH 696102, sex?, 22 June 1896, by Caley Webster (no. 193), from spirits; Wokan Island, AMNH 696103, male, 4 October 1900, by Kühn (no. 200), AMNH 696104, male, by Beccari (from spirits), AMNH 696105, sex?, by Beccari (from spirits), AMNH 696106, female, 26 September 1900, by Kühn (no. 201).
description: Published as part of Mary, 2011, Type Specimens Of Birds In The American Museum Of Natural History Part 9. Passeriformes: Zosteropidae And Meliphagidae, pp. 1-193 in Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2011 (348) on page 104
description: {"references": ["Rothschild, W., and E. Hartert. 1903 b. Notes on Papuan birds. XXVI. Meliphagidae. Novitates Zoologicae 10: 435 - 451.", "Schodde, R., and I. J. Mason. 1999. The directory of Australian birds. Passerines. Collingwood, Victoria: CSIRO Publishing, 851 pp.", "Higgins, P. J., L. Christidis, and H. A. Ford. 2008. Meliphagidae (honeyeaters). In J. del Hoyo, A. Elliott, and D. Christie (editors), Handbook of birds of the world, vol. 13, Penduline-tits to shrikes: 498 - 691. Barcelona: Lynx Edicions, 879 pp., 60 pls., 536 photographs."]}
Stochastic models of gene transcription with upstream drives: exact solution and sample path characterization
Creators: name: Dattani, Justine
name: Barahona, Mauricio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Gene transcription is a highly stochastic and dynamic process. As a result, the mRNA copy number of a given gene is heterogeneous both between cells and across time. We present a framework to model gene transcription in populations of cells with time-varying (stochastic or deterministic) transcription and degradation rates. Such rates can be understood as upstream cellular drives representing the effect of different aspects of the cellular environment. We show that the full solution of the master equation contains two components: a model-specific, upstream effective drive, which encapsulates the effect of cellular drives (e.g., entrainment, periodicity or promoter randomness), and a downstream transcriptional Poissonian part, which is common to all models. Our analytical framework treats cell-to-cell and dynamic variability consistently, unifying several approaches in the literature. We apply the obtained solution to characterise different models of experimental relevance, and to explain the influence on gene transcription of synchrony, stationarity, ergodicity, as well as the effect of time-scales and other dynamic characteristics of drives. We also show how the solution can be applied to the analysis of noise sources in single-cell data, and to reduce the computational cost of stochastic simulations.
description: 10 figures
Disclosing the Polysilicon Deposition Process
Creators: name: Del Coso, G.
name: Del Cañizo, C.
name: Luque, A.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Feedstock, Crystallisation and Wafering

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 1216-1219
description: The chemical route for producing hyperpure silicon, referred to as polysilicon, is energy intensive. In
this work two paths are analysed to reduce energy consumption during polysilicon deposition: reduce power loss and
increase polysilicon productivity. The solutions proposed for reducing power loss are: enlarging the reactor capacities
and increasing the wall reflectivity. The proposals for increasing the productivity are: working at the optimum
deposition conditions, that maximises the polysilicon growth rate, and stopping the process at higher rod diameters. By
doing so, the process uses the energy more efficiently.
Diphoton channel at the LHC experiments to find a hint for a new heavy gauge boson
Creators: name: Kaneta, Kunio
name: Kang, Subeom
name: Lee, Hye-Sung
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently there has been a huge interest in the diphoton excess around 750 GeV reported by both ATLAS and CMS collaborations, although the newest analysis with more statistics does not seem to support the excess. Nevertheless, the diphoton channel at the LHC experiments are a powerful tool to probe a new physics. One of the most natural explanations of a diphoton excess, if it occurs, could be a new scalar boson with exotic colored particles. In this setup, it would be legitimate to ask what is the role of this new scalar in nature. A heavy neutral gauge boson ($Z'$) is one of the traditional targets of the discovery at the collider experiments with numerous motivations. While the Landau-Yang theorem dictates the diphoton excess cannot be this spin-1 gauge boson, there is a strong correlation of a new heavy gauge boson and a new scalar boson which provides a mass to the gauge boson being at the same mass scale. In this paper, we point out a simple fact that a new scalar with a property similar to the recently highlighted 750 GeV would suggest an existence of a TeV scale $Z'$ gauge boson that might be within the reach of the LHC Run 2 experiments. We take a scenario of the well-motivated and popular gauged $B-L$ symmetry and require the gauge coupling unification to predict the mass and other properties of the $Z'$ and illustrate the discovery of the $Z'$ would occur during the LHC experiments.
description: 26 pages, 5 figures, matching the published version
Analysis of Graded Band Gap Solar Cells With SCAPS
Creators: name: Burgelman, M.
name: Marlein, J.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: Thin Films
CIS, CdTe and Other (II-VI) Ternary Thin Film Cells

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 2151-2155
description: To simulate the complicated, graded structure of modern thin film CIGS solar cells, we followed a ‘material driven’ approach. Each layer is considered as a compound A1-yBy; the desired composition grading y(x) over a layer is set; all materials properties are specified for the pure materials A and B; finally, the local materials properties are derived from the local composition. This strategy was implemented in our thin film solar cell simulation software SCAPS.
The new facility was used to study CIGS based thin film solar cells with a graded absorber layer. We showed that a grading strategy with a Ga-poor bulk and narrow Ga-rich layers at both ends of the absorber can indeed lead to a more favourable trade-off between Jsc and Voc than can be obtained with uniform CIGS absorbers. However, this result depends on the specific assumptions on recombination.
title: Dagstuhl Reports, Table of Contents, Volume 13, Issue 6, 2023
Creators: name: Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik
Publisher: name: Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Table of Contents
subject: Frontmatter

description: Dagstuhl Reports, Table of Contents, Volume 13, Issue 6, 2023
description: DagRep, Volume 13, Issue 6, pages i-ii
Electrical Characteristics of Cu(In,Ga)Se2 Thin Films Solar Cells on Metallic Foil Substrates
Creators: name: Khelifi, S.
name: Marlein, J.
name: Burgelman, M.
name: Belghachi, A.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: Thin Films
CIS, CdTe and Other (II-VI) Ternary Thin Film Cells

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 2165-2169
description: Flexible thin-film solar cells offer distinct advantages over cells on rigid glass substrates, but their
efficiency is yet somewhat lower. When using metallic foil substrates, diffusion of impurities from the metal
substrate to the CIGS cell should be avoided or be under control. Here the electrical characteristics of thin film CIGS
solar cells on metallic substrate foils are studied in order to assess the influence of the substrate on the internal
operation of the solar CIGS cell. We therefore characterised the cells by room temperature I-V, C-V, C-f , QE() and
temperature dependent I-V-T, C-V-T, C-f-T measurements.
The efficiency of the best cells studied is in the 13 % range. The apparent doping density profile NA(x), deduced from
room temperature C-V measurements, is correlated with the nature of the barrier/contact layers. NA(x) is in the 1016
cm-3 range, and increasing towards around 2×1017 cm-3 towards the junction, possibly be due to indium vacancies
near the heterointerface. This was further evidenced by studying the temperature dependence of C-f-T measurements.
Analysis of the temperature dependent Voc and dark I-V curves showed that the dominant recombination is in the
CIGS bulk.
Xanthotis chrysotis subsp. giulianettii Mayr
Creators: name: , Mary
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Passeriformes
Meliphagidae
Xanthotis

description: Xanthotis chrysotis giulianettii Mayr Xanthotis chrysotis giulianettii Mayr, 1931c: 663 (Avera, Aroa River). Now Xanthotis flaviventer saturatior (Rothschild and Hartert). See Coates, 1990: 275–277, Schodde and Mason, 1999: 226–227, and Higgins et al., 2008: 689–690. HOLOTYPE: AMNH 696119, adult male, collected at Avera, ca. 08.38S, 147.05E, on the Aroa River, Central Province, Papua New Guinea, on 28 January 1903, by Albert S. Meek (no. A.134). From the Rothschild Collection. COMMENTS: Mayr gave Meek’s unique field number of the holotype in the original description and the range of the form from Port Moresby to the Fly River. Paratypes are specimens from localities listed by Mayr that were collected before the publication of giulianettii in 1931: AMNH 696115, female, Nicura, 21 July 1893; AMNH 696116, male, Fly River, 30 June 1876; AMNH 696117, male, Fly River, 13 May 1877; AMNH 696118, sex?, Port Moresby; AMNH 696120, female, Avera, Aroa River, 9 March 1903; AMNH 696121, female, Avera, 23 February 1903; AMNH 696130, 696131, 696132, males, Naiabui, August 1875; AMNH 696135, male, Hall Bay, 11 May 1875; AMNH 696136, female, south New Guinea, 10 May 1875; AMNH 696160, sex?, Mount Gayata. Schodde and Mason (1999: 228) considered giulianettii an intergrading population between saturatior and visi. AMNH 696116, 696117, 696130–696132, 696135, and 696136 are also paratypes of visi, see below. This new subspecies was described by Mayr when he was working in the Rothschild Collection before this collection came to AMNH in 1932.
description: Published as part of Mary, 2011, Type Specimens Of Birds In The American Museum Of Natural History Part 9. Passeriformes: Zosteropidae And Meliphagidae, pp. 1-193 in Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2011 (348) on pages 104-105
description: {"references": ["Mayr, E. 1931 c. Die Vogel des Saruwaged- und Herzoggebirges (NO-Neuguinea). Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologische Museum in Berlin 17: 639 - 723.", "Coates, B. J. 1990. The birds of Papua New Guinea. Vol. 2. Passerines. Alderley, Queensland: Dove Publications, 576 pp.", "Schodde, R., and I. J. Mason. 1999. The directory of Australian birds. Passerines. Collingwood, Victoria: CSIRO Publishing, 851 pp.", "Higgins, P. J., L. Christidis, and H. A. Ford. 2008. Meliphagidae (honeyeaters). In J. del Hoyo, A. Elliott, and D. Christie (editors), Handbook of birds of the world, vol. 13, Penduline-tits to shrikes: 498 - 691. Barcelona: Lynx Edicions, 879 pp., 60 pls., 536 photographs."]}
Fast Computation of Minimal Interpolation Bases in Popov Form for Arbitrary Shifts
Creators: name: Jeannerod, Claude-Pierre
name: Neiger, Vincent
name: Schost, Eric
name: Villard, Gilles
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Symbolic Computation (cs.SC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We compute minimal bases of solutions for a general interpolation problem, which encompasses Hermite-Padé approximation and constrained multivariate interpolation, and has applications in coding theory and security. This problem asks to find univariate polynomial relations between $m$ vectors of size $σ$; these relations should have small degree with respect to an input degree shift. For an arbitrary shift, we propose an algorithm for the computation of an interpolation basis in shifted Popov normal form with a cost of $\mathcal{O}\tilde{~}(m^{ω-1} σ)$ field operations, where $ω$ is the exponent of matrix multiplication and the notation $\mathcal{O}\tilde{~}(\cdot)$ indicates that logarithmic terms are omitted. Earlier works, in the case of Hermite-Padé approximation and in the general interpolation case, compute non-normalized bases. Since for arbitrary shifts such bases may have size $Θ(m^2 σ)$, the cost bound $\mathcal{O}\tilde{~}(m^{ω-1} σ)$ was feasible only with restrictive assumptions on the shift that ensure small output sizes. The question of handling arbitrary shifts with the same complexity bound was left open. To obtain the target cost for any shift, we strengthen the properties of the output bases, and of those obtained during the course of the algorithm: all the bases are computed in shifted Popov form, whose size is always $\mathcal{O}(m σ)$. Then, we design a divide-and-conquer scheme. We recursively reduce the initial interpolation problem to sub-problems with more convenient shifts by first computing information on the degrees of the intermediate bases.
description: 8 pages, sig-alternate class, 4 figures (problems and algorithms)
Boron-Oxygen-Related Recombination Centers in Compensated Silicon
Creators: name: Lim, B.
name: Liu, A.
name: Rougieux, F.
name: Macdonald, D.
name: Bothe, K.
name: Schmidt, J.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Materials and Cells

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 1205-1209
description: The impact of boron-oxygen-related recombination centers as well as their defect kinetics have been
intensely studied in boron-doped oxygen-rich p-type crystalline silicon. Experimental data for the defect in
simultaneously boron- and phosphorus-doped compensated p- and n-type silicon, however, is sparse. In this study,
we present time-resolved carrier lifetime measurements on Czochralski-grown silicon (Cz-Si) doped with both boron
and phosphorus under illumination at 30°C (defect generation). We confirm a linear dependence of the normalized
defect concentration Nt
* on the net doping concentration p0 as well as a proportionality between the defect generation
rate Rgen and the square of the net doping concentration p0
2 in compensated p-type Cz-Si. In addition, the defect
generation in compensated n-type Cz-Si is found to proceed on a similar time scale as the defect generation in
(compensated) p-type Cz-Si. However, the shape of the carrier lifetime reduction during defect generation in
compensated n-type silicon differs considerably from that in (compensated) p-type Cz-Si. The defect annihilation in
compensated n-type Cz-Si is found to take up to 1000 times longer than in (compensated) p-type Cz-Si.
Constraining the Cosmology of the Phantom Brane using Distance Measures
Creators: name: Alam, Ujjaini
name: Bag, Satadru
name: Sahni, Varun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The phantom brane has several important distinctive features: (i) Its equation of state is phantom-like, but there is no future `big rip' singularity, (ii) the effective cosmological constant on the brane is dynamically screened, because of which the expansion rate is {\em smaller} than that in $Λ$CDM at high redshifts. In this paper, we constrain the Phantom braneworld using distance measures such as Type Ia supernovae (SNeIa), Baryon Acoustic Oscillations (BAO), and the compressed Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) data. We find that the simplest braneworld models provide a good fit to the data. For instance, BAO +SNeIa data can be accommodated by the braneworld for a large region in parameter space $0 < Ω_l < 0.3$ at $1σ$. The Hubble parameter can be as high as $H_0 < 78$ km/s/Mpc, and the effective equation of state at present can show phantom-like behaviour with $w_0 < -1.2$ at $1σ$. We note a correlation between $H_0$ and $w_0$, with higher values of $H_0$ leading to a lower, and more phantom-like, value of $w_0$. Inclusion of CMB data provides tighter constraints $Ω_l < 0.1$. (Here $Ω_l$ encodes the ratio of the five and four dimensional Planck mass.) The Hubble parameter in this case is more tightly constrained to $H_0 < 71$ km/s/Mpc, and the effective equation of state to $w_0 < -1.1$. Interestingly, we find that the universe is allowed be closed or open, with $-0.5 < Ω_κ < 0.5$, even on including the compressed CMB data. There appears to be some tension in the low and high $z$ BAO data which may either be resolved by future data, or act as a pointer to interesting new cosmology.
description: 16 pages, 10 figures. Constraints on effective equation of state w_0 added, correlation between w_0 and H_0 noted. Accepted for publication in PRD
PV Soundless – Keeping the World Record “Along the Highway” – Performance Gain by Repowering Part of a 718 kW PV Sound Barrier After 6 Years of Operation
Creators: name: Grottke, M.
name: Voigt, A.
name: Hartl, F.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: PV Systems
Large PV Power Plants and High Penetration of Distributed PV: System Aspects and Grid Integration

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 5028-5031
description: The 718 kWp PV sound barrier Freising next to the Munich airport with its four independent subsystems
was originally installed in three steps between 2002 and 2003. A major part of the sound barrier function is
achieved by ceramic based modules which had been developed by Isofotón and installed in the framework of a pilot
project in 2003. This pilot sub-system with originally 334 kWp was repowered in 2009 by a 432 kWp system using
standard state-of-the-art structured glass Isofotón modules and SMA inverters. This paper presents lessons learned
during its installation and presents the outstanding performance results achieved in the first year of operation. It
significantly outperforms a neighbouring reference PV system.
Electroplating Based CIGS Technology for Roll-to-Roll Manufacturing
Creators: name: Basol, B.M.
name: Pinarbasi, M.
name: Aksu, S.
name: Wang, J.
name: Matus, Y.
name: Johnson, T.
name: Han, Y.
name: Narasimhan, M.
name: Metin, B.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: Thin Films
CIS, CdTe and Other (II-VI) Ternary Thin Film Cells

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 2137-2141
description: A low cost electrodeposition technique was used in conjunction with an annealing/crystallization
process step to grow CIGS absorber layers on flexible metal foil substrates. Small area cells with close to 14%
efficiency and large area devices with efficiencies exceeding 11% were fabricated. Roll-to-roll electrodeposition
technique was shown to yield excellent compositional control and thickness uniformity for CIGS precursors. Large
area solar cells were used in fabrication of modules with about 1 m2 aperture area and over 90W output. Flexible
packaging was also investigated for the CIGS devices. Damp heat testing showed good stability for both glass based
rigid and flexible packages.
Enabling Thin Wafers for Today's High Efficiency Silicon Solar Cells
Creators: name: Bunkenburg, B.
name: Kim, S.
name: Cruz, B.
name: Barringer, K.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Materials and Cells

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 1945-1949
description: Reducing consumption of silicon through the use of thin wafers promises to significantly reduce the cost for
photovoltaic electricity. To enable thinner wafer usage, the mechanical and electrical properties of the cell must be preserved
and ultimately improved upon. Today’s optimized solar cell structure applies aluminum to the back side of the silicon wafer
to create back surface field or BSFthat improves overall cell efficiency. Because silicon and aluminum have different
thermal expansion coefficients, a bow is created in the wafer during the high temperature firing process. Tradeoffs in
efficiency, breakage and yield have slowed the industries natural migration to thinner wafers. While new cell structures show
the promise of overcoming these challenges, these new structures are more complex and may not be readily available to
existing cell lines. This paper reports on the optimization of a simple low-temperature process that has successfully removed
the bow without degrading cell electrical or mechanical performance and does not require significant materials optimization
efforts. We have achieved equivalent cell efficiencies and mechanical properties after bow removal for silicon solar cells
below 180 μm, 160 μm, etc. The performance of this simple process will be presented in this paper.
Fabrication of High-Performance CIGS Minimodules
Creators: name: Niki, S.
name: Yoshiyama, T.
name: Mizukoshi, K.
name: Komaki, H.
name: Sakurai, K.
name: Ishizuka, S.
name: Shibata, H.
name: Yamada, A.
name: Kaneko, R.
name: Nakanishi, H.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: Thin Films
CIS, CdTe and Other (II-VI) Ternary Thin Film Cells

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 2129-2132
description: We have established a CuIn1-xGaxSe2 (CIGS) 10cm x 10cm minimodule fabrication process. Our
minimodule has 17 interconnected cells with an ZnO/CdS/CIGS/Mo/glass structure. CIGS absorber layers were
deposited by three-stage process, which can mark over 17% efficiency for small-area (<0.5cm2) cells. So far, we
have obtained an efficiency of 15.9% for a 75.7cm2-size CIGS minimodule, indicating that the use of a high-quality
CIGS absorber layer can make possible to fill the efficiency gap between laboratory-scale cells and large-area
modules. In-line evaporation system for the CIGS absorber layer was also developed. The performance of cells and
integrated minimodules using the in-line evaporation was equivalent to that using conventional co-evaporation,
indicating that in-line multi-step evaporation is promising for mass-production.
An analog sensitive allele permits rapid and reversible chemical inhibition of PKC-3 activity in C. elegans.
Creators: name: Ng, KangBo
name: Bland, Tom
name: Hirani, Nisha
name: Goehring, Nathan W
Publisher: name: The Francis Crick Institute
Year: 2022
Subjects: Model organisms
Imaging
Developmental Biology
Cell Biology
Cell Cycle & Chromosomes
Computational & Systems Biology

description: Engineered analog sensitive kinases provide a highly effective method for acute, controllable, and highly selective inhibition of kinase activity. Here we describe the design and characterization of an analog sensitive allele of the polarity kinase, PKC-3. This allele supports normal function as measured by its ability to exclude PAR-2 from the anterior membrane of zygotes, and is rapidly and reversibly inhibited in a dose-dependent manner by the ATP analog 1NA-PP1. This allele provides a new tool to explore the role of PKC-3 in diverse contexts within C. elegans , particularly those in which acute and reversible control of PKC-3 kinase activity may be desired.
Implantation for an Excellent Definition of Doping Profiles in Si Solar Cells
Creators: name: Janssens, T.
name: Posthuma, N.E.
name: Pawlak, B.J.
name: Rosseel, E.
name: Poortmans, J.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Materials and Cells

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 1179-1181
description: Here we study the homogeneous boron and phosphorous emitters formed by ion implantation. After
optimization emitter saturation currents below 100 fA/cm2 are measured for both species. First the profile shape and
activation level of boron and phosphorous emitters are studied with secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) and four
point probe (4pp) sheet resistance measurements. The emitters are further characterized by measuring the saturation
current density J0e with quasi steady state photo conductance (QSSPC) from symmetric implanted structures. Based on
these results a B implantation dose between 8.1014 at.cm-2 and 2.1015 at.cm-2 is proposed for n-Si based solar cells. For
phosphorous a dose around 5.1014 at.cm2 is proposed, resulting in an efficiency of 18.8 %, reached on small area p type
FZ Si. This implanted phosphorous emitter performs slightly better than the reference advanced POCl3 based emitter. The
higher Jsc shows that at low dose that implantation doesn’t impact the blue response negatively, indicating that the
implantation damage is annealed out during the activation anneal.
High Performance Thin Film Cu-Chalcopyrite PV-Devices With a Zn(S,O) Buffer Layer
Creators: name: Sáez-Araoz, R.
name: Ennaoui, A.
name: Niesen, T.P.
name: Neisser, A.
name: Wilchelmi, K.
name: Lux-Steiner, M.C.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: Thin Films
CIS, CdTe and Other (II-VI) Ternary Thin Film Cells

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 2133-2136
description: The use of Zn(S,O) as a buffer layer for Cd-free Cu-chalcopyrite based thin film photovoltaic devices
has recently been successfully up-scaled from laboratory scale (0.5 cm² single cell devices) to large area solar
modules (up to 900 cm²). The buffer layers are deposited using a chemical bath deposition (CBD) process developed
at the Helmholtz Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie (HZB), which introduces a new type of complexation
that avoids the formation of agglomerates during the deposition process. This results in homogeneous and compact
nanocrystalline buffer layers as revealed by scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The CBD process is
monitored to obtain reproducible results by measuring the transparency of the solution during buffer deposition. The
absorbers used in this study are Cu(In,Ga)(S,Se)2 -CIGSSe- delivered by AVANCIS GmbH & Co. KG (AVANCIS)
and CuInS2 -CIS- delivered by Sulfurcell Solartechnik GmbH (SCG). Previous published results presented solar cell
devices (0.5 cm²) with efficiencies of 14.2% (CIGSSe) and 8.5% (CIS) and solar modules (30x30 cm³) with
efficiencies of 12.5% (CIGSSe) and 6.6% (CIS) and a deposition time of approximately 20 minutes. Now further
efforts have been focused on reducing the total processing time by varying the conditions of the chemical bath,
enhancing the deposition rate and increasing the potential yield as a necessary step to fulfill before transferring the
process to a pilot line. Efficiencies of 12% on 30x30 cm² CIGSSe and 7.1 % on 10x10 cm² CIS absorbers with
deposition times below 10 minutes are presented in this paper.
Nonlinear stochastic evolution equations of second order with damping
Creators: name: Emmrich, Etienne
name: Šiška, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60H15, 47J35, 60H35, 65M12

description: Convergence of a full discretization of a second order stochastic evolution equation with nonlinear damping is shown and thus existence of a solution is established. The discretization scheme combines an implicit time stepping scheme with an internal approximation. Uniqueness is proved as well.
description: This is the version of the article accepted for publication. The final publication is available at http://link.springer.com
Ptilotis chrysotis subsp. madaraszi Rothschild and Hartert
Creators: name: , Mary
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Passeriformes
Meliphagidae
Ptilotis

description: Ptilotis chrysotis madaraszi Rothschild and Hartert Ptilotis chrysotis madaraszi Rothschild and Hartert, 1903b: 446 (Simbang). Now Xanthotis flaviventer madaraszi (Rothschild and Hartert, 1903). See Coates, 1990: 275–277, Schodde and Mason, 1999: 227–228, and Higgins et al., 2008: 689–690. HOLOTYPE: AMNH 696156, adult male, collected at Simbang, 06.35S, 147.50E (USBGN, 1943), Morobe Province, Papua New Guinea, on 7 September 1899, by E. Nyman. From the Rothschild Collection. COMMENTS: In the original description, the only male collected on 7 September 1899 was designated as the type; three additional Simbang specimens collected by Nyman in August 1899 were listed as part of the type series, as was a specimen in HNHM, collected at Simbang by Biro. The HNHM collection was completely destroyed by fire in 1956 (Horváth, 1970). Paratypes in AMNH are: AMNH 696157, male, 21 August 1899; AMNH 696158, male, 3 August 1899; AMNH 696159, female, 3 August 1899. AMNH 696155, collected at Stephansort on 20 December 1899 by Nyman is not considered a paratype, as it was not included in the list of specimens given in the original description.
description: Published as part of Mary, 2011, Type Specimens Of Birds In The American Museum Of Natural History Part 9. Passeriformes: Zosteropidae And Meliphagidae, pp. 1-193 in Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2011 (348) on page 106
description: {"references": ["Rothschild, W., and E. Hartert. 1903 b. Notes on Papuan birds. XXVI. Meliphagidae. Novitates Zoologicae 10: 435 - 451.", "Coates, B. J. 1990. The birds of Papua New Guinea. Vol. 2. Passerines. Alderley, Queensland: Dove Publications, 576 pp.", "Schodde, R., and I. J. Mason. 1999. The directory of Australian birds. Passerines. Collingwood, Victoria: CSIRO Publishing, 851 pp.", "Higgins, P. J., L. Christidis, and H. A. Ford. 2008. Meliphagidae (honeyeaters). In J. del Hoyo, A. Elliott, and D. Christie (editors), Handbook of birds of the world, vol. 13, Penduline-tits to shrikes: 498 - 691. Barcelona: Lynx Edicions, 879 pp., 60 pls., 536 photographs.", "Horvath, L. 1970. The destroyed bird types of the Hungarian Natural History Museum. Annales Historico-Naturales Musei Nationalis Hungarici, Pars Zoologica 62: 363 - 372."]}
Nanotextured Silicon Solar Cells Prepared by Using Standard Screen-Printing Process
Creators: name: Dimitrov, D.Z.
name: Lin, C.-H.
name: Du, C.-H.
name: Sun, W.-C.
name: Lan, C.-W.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Materials and Cells

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 1926-1929
description: Silicon substrate nanotexturisation is obtained using electroless immersion treatment in aqueous
solutions based on persulfates and silver nitrate and consequent etching in aqueous solution of hydrofluoric acid and
hydrogen peroxide. The nanotexturisation method is found to be effective on both single crystalline and
multicrystalline crystalline silicon wafers. Furthermore the obtained surface texture being formed immediately after
cleaning and saw damage removal, pyramides etching for mc-Si and sc-Si respectively is able to some extent to
withstand the subsequent high-temperature solar cell processing. Solar cells with nanotextred surface are prepared
using standard screen-printed metallization. Efficiencies up to 16 % are measured on mc-Si solar cells the technology
process being still in a stage of optimization.
Generalized Second Law of Thermodynamic in Modified Teleparallel Theory
Creators: name: Zubair, M.
name: Bahamonde, Sebastian
name: Jamil, Mubasher
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This study is conducted to examine the validity of generalized second law of thermodynamics (GSLT) in flat FRW for modified teleparallel gravity involving coupling between a scalar field with the torsion scalar $T$ and the boundary term $B=2\nabla_μT^μ$. This theory is very useful since it can reproduce other important well-known scalar field theories in suitable limits. The validity of the first and second law of thermodynamics at the apparent horizon is discussed for any coupling. As examples, we have also explored the validity of those thermodynamics laws in some new cosmological solutions under the theory. Additionally, we have also considered the logarithmic entropy corrected relation and discuss the GSLT at the apparent horizon.
description: 16 pages, 9 figures, Accepted for Publication in European Physical Journal C
Open Science in Peril: Answer cards and Editorial Board cards
Creators: name: Sundsbø, Katrine
name: Coombs, Sarah
name: Coyne, Aisling
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 461007
subject: Open access
classificationCode: 390303
subject: Higher education
classificationCode: 460706
subject: Serious games

description: These are all the answer cards needed to play Round 1, Round 2 and for the Editorial Board to help the host accept/reject answers.
Optimizing the Inline Emitters for Higher Efficiency Silicon Solar Cells
Creators: name: Ebong, A.
name: Rounsaville, B.
name: Cooper, I.B.
name: Tate, K.
name: Upadhyaya, A.
name: Rohatgi, A.
name: Bunkenburg, B.
name: Cathey, J.
name: Kim, S.
name: Ruf, D.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Materials and Cells

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 1937-1940
description: High throughput, low cost and high efficiency are the keys to reducing the cost of photovoltaic electricity. To
realize high efficiency, the quality of emitter is critical. The emitter can be formed either by batch deposition of POCl3 gas or
inline spray deposition of phosphoric acid (P2O5). The POCl3 process has been optimized over the years to give reproducible
performance, whereas the inline diffusion has not been systematically optimized. This paper reports on solar cell results
achieved with the inline emitters. We have used sheet resistance mapping tool to optimize the emitter uniformity (which is
critical to contact formation), junction depth and phosphorus surface concentration to characterize the inline emitters. We
have achieved average efficiencies of 17.1% and 17.4%, respectively, on 2 ohm-cm textured CZ with 45 and 60-/sq
emitters. Average fill factor of 0.772 and ideality factor of 1.06 suggest the front contact firing was optimized for the inline
emitters. PC1D modeling of the 60-/sq emitter showed that efficiency of >18% is achievable by reducing the front surface
recombination velocity to 80,000 cm/s and increase the fill factor to 79.5% .
Hopf-algebraic Renormalization of QED in the linear covariant Gauge
Creators: name: Kißler, Henry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the context of massless quantum electrodynamics (QED) with a linear covariant gauge fixing, the connection between the counterterm and the Hopf-algebraic approach to renormalization is examined. The coproduct formula of Green's functions contains two invariant charges, which give rise to different renormalization group functions. All formulas are tested by explicit computations to third loop order. The possibility of a finite electron self-energy by fixing a generalized linear covariant gauge is discussed. An analysis of subdivergences leads to the conclusion that such a gauge only exists in quenched QED.