cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Human head temperature and electric field investigations under ECT
Creators: name: Menezes de Oliveira, Marilia
Publisher: name: University of Southern Queensland
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 090699 Electrical and Electronic Engineering not elsewhere classified

description: Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a non-invasive technique used to treat psychiatric conditions. A high strength low frequency electrical stimulation is delivered through two electrodes. The aim of this work is to develop an ECT finite element human head model to investigate the electric field and the increase in temperature due to the electrical stimulation. The bio-heat transfer equation combined with Laplace equation and their initial and boundary conditions are used to define the physics of the models. Firstly, finite ele-ment spherical human head models are created in COMSOL Multiphysics and the behaviour of the thermal field due to ECT electrical stimulation is analysed. Hetero-geneity was considered and thermal anisotropy of the skull layer was applied to the finite element models. Secondly, a realistic human head model is created using magnetic resonance images (MRI). Similar physics is applied to define the thermal and electrical problems, and the anisotropic conductivity of the skull is considered. The realistic models contain anatomical features and realistic tissue conductive properties. Through these models we investigate the role of stimulation parameters such as: electrode montages, strength of stimulation, temperature behaviour, etc. Later on, another realistic human head model with a brain tumor is created and a diffusion tensor image is included. Based on this model the white matter anisotropy is considered and the effect on the electric field is analysed. The results show that high temperatures only occur on external areas of the head, such as scalp and fat. The thermal conductivity anisotropy is insignificant from a heat-transferring point of view. However, the electrical anisotropy does need to be included in order to get more accurate outcomes. If ECT was applied to a patient with a brain tumor, then factors such as tumor location, aggressiveness, electrode montage, etc would need to be considered. Further work can be undertaken through computational simulation to make personal ECT treatment feasible in clinical practice.
Macrophage promotion of anti-androgen resistance of prostate cancer bone disease
Creators: name: 陆叶(Lu Ye)
Publisher: name: CNGB
Year: 2023
Subjects: Transcriptome or Gene expression
Multiisolate
Medical

description: Our findings elucidated a novel mechanism of macrophage-induced anti-androgen resistance of metastatic PC and a promising therapeutic approach to treat this deadly disease.
Evolution and Flare Activity of Delta-Sunspots in Cycle 23
Creators: name: Takizawa, Kan
name: Kitai, Reizaburo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The emergence and magnetic evolution of solar active regions (ARs) of beta-gamma-delta type, which are known to be highly flare-productive, were studied with the SOHO/MDI data in Cycle 23. We selected 31 ARs that can be observed from their birth phase, as unbiased samples for our study. From the analysis of the magnetic topology (twist and writhe), we obtained the following results. i) Emerging beta-gamma-delta ARs can be classified into three topological types as "quasi-beta", "writhed" and "top-to-top". ii) Among them, the "writhed" and "top-to-top" types tend to show high flare activity. iii) As the signs of twist and writhe agree with each other in most cases of the "writhed" type (12 cases out of 13), we propose a magnetic model in which the emerging flux regions in a beta-gamma-delta AR are not separated but united as a single structure below the solar surface. iv) Almost all the "writhed"-type ARs have downward knotted structures in the mid portion of the magnetic flux tube. This, we believe, is the essential property of beta-gamma-delta ARs. v) The flare activity of beta-gamma-delta ARs is highly correlated not only with the sunspot area but also with the magnetic complexity. vi) We suggest that there is a possible scaling-law between the flare index and the maximum umbral area.
Polymerization of building blocks of life on Europa and other icy moons
Creators: name: Kimura, Jun
name: Kitadai, Norio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The outer solar system may provide a potential habitat for extraterrestrial life. Remote sensing data from the Galileo spacecraft suggest that the jovian icy moons, Europa, Ganymede, and possibly Callisto, may harbor liquid water oceans underneath their icy crusts. Although compositional information required for the discussion of habitability is limited because of significantly restricted observation data, organic molecules are ubiquitous in the universe. Recently, in-situ spacecraft measurements and experiments suggest that amino acids can be formed abiotically on interstellar ices and comets. These amino acids could be continuously delivered by meteorite or comet impacts to icy moons. Here, we show that polymerization of organic monomers, in particular amino acids and nucleotides, could proceed spontaneously in the cold environment of icy moons, in particular the Jovian icy moon Europa as a typical example, based on thermodynamic calculations, though kinetics of formation are not addressed. Observed surface temperature on Europa is 120 and 80 K in the equatorial region and polar region, respectively. At such low temperatures, Gibbs energies of polymerization become negative, and the estimated thermal structure of the icy crust should contain a shallow region (i.e., at a depth of only a few kilometers) favorable for polymerization. Investigation of the possibility of organic monomer polymerization on icy moons could provide good constraints on the origin and early evolution of extraterrestrial life.
description: 50 pages, 3 figures, 3 tables
On the Origin of Wind Line Variability in O Stars
Creators: name: Massa, D.
name: Prinja, R. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze 10 UV time series for 5 stars which fulfill specific sampling and spectral criteria to constrain the origin of large-scale wind structure in O stars. We argue that excited state lines must arise close to the stellar surface and are an excellent diagnostic complement to resonance lines which, due to radiative transfer effects, rarely show variability at low velocity. Consequently, we splice dynamic spectra of the excited state line, N IV1718, at low velocity to those of 1393 component of the Si IV 1400 doublet at high velocity in order to examine the temporal evolution of wind line features. These spliced time series reveal that nearly all of the features observed in the time series originate at or very near the stellar surface. Further, we positively identify the observational signature of equatorial co-rotating interaction regions in two of the five stars and possibly two others. In addition, we see no evidence for features originating further out in the wind. We use our results to consolidate the fact that the features seen in dynamic spectra must be huge, in order to remain in the line of sight for days, persisting to very large velocity and that the photospheric footprint of the features must also be quite large, ~ 15 - 20% of the stellar diameter.
description: Accepted by ApJ
Computational Construction and Modeling of Polymers
Creators: name: Gilligan, Alexander
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: The study of light harvesting polymer assemblies is of particular interest in
the field of solar energy conversion due to their efficient absorption of
visible light that can be used to facilitate electron or energy transfer between
donors and acceptors to a reaction center to drive catalysis for solar fuel
generation. While electron and energy transfer have been well studied in small
systems consisting of only a few components, large assemblies comprised of
multiple donors and acceptors give rise to energy and electron transfer dynamics
not observed in smaller systems. These polymer structures are disordered and
fluctuate on time scales similar to these quenching processes, producing a
distribution of time-dependent donor-­acceptor distances that subsequently
result in a distribution of time-­dependent energy and electron transfer rates.
The focus of my undergraduate research has focused on constructing accurate
macromolecular models of polymer assemblies that can be used for understanding
these photoinduced dynamics in combination with ultrafast spectroscopic results.
Table S1 from A classification scheme for mixed-species bird flocks
Creators: name: Mangini, G. Giselle
name: Rutt, Cameron L.
name: Sridhar, Hari
name: Buitron, Galo
name: Muñoz, Jenny
name: Robinson, Scott
name: Montaño-Centellas, Flavia
name: Zarco, Agustin
name: Fanjul, M. Elisa
name: Fernandez, Gilberto
name: Xing, Shuang
name: Camerlenghi, Ettore
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: Table S1. Blank template of the necessary information for future research on mixed-species flocks of birds denoting the importance of the items to comprehensively understand mixed-species bird flocks across the globe.
Instantons in Lifshitz Field Theories
Creators: name: Fujimori, Toshiaki
name: Nitta, Muneto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: BPS instantons are discussed in Lifshitz-type anisotropic field theories. We consider generalizations of the sigma model/Yang-Mills instantons in renormalizable higher dimensional models with the classical Lifshitz scaling invariance. In each model, BPS instanton equation takes the form of the gradient flow equations for "the superpotential" defining "the detailed balance condition". The anisotropic Weyl rescaling and the coset space dimensional reduction are used to map rotationally symmetric instantons to vortices in two-dimensional anisotropic systems on the hyperbolic plane. As examples, we study anisotropic BPS baby Skyrmion 1+1 dimensions and BPS Skyrmion in 2+1 dimensions, for which we take Kahler 1-form and the Wess-Zumiono-Witten term as the superpotentials, respectively, and an anisotropic generalized Yang-Mills instanton in 4+1 dimensions, for which we take the Chern-Simons term as the superpotential.
description: 32 pages, 5 figures
T7_HotMPS_PE100_WGS_WES_NA12878 demo
Creators: name: 梓晴 邓
Publisher: name: CNGB
Year: 2023
Subjects: Raw sequence reads
Multiisolate

description: the data of T7_HotMPS_PE100_WGS_NA12878_PCR_PCRfree and T7_HotMPS_PE100_WES_NA12878
N4BP1 regulates keratinocytes development and plays protective role in burn- and adhesive-related skin injury via MMP9
Creators: name: 孙荣
Publisher: name: CNGB
Year: 2023
Subjects: Raw sequence reads
Other
HaCaT cellline
skin injury

description: Extensive studies have demonstrated critical roles of Regnase-1 in skin inflammation; however the role of N4BP1, a member of Regnase-1 family, in skin is largely unexplored. Here, we found N4BP1 is highly expressed in skin and its expression was further increased upon skin injury. Compared to wildtype mice, N4BP1 deficient mice show severe skin injury upon tape-stripping and burns. Overexpression of N4BP1 makes HaCaT cells be more cuboidal with higher cell-to-cell packing, while reduced expression of N4BP1 makes cells become more spindle shaped and loosely packed. Overexpression of N4BP1 promotes cell migration, while silence of N4BP1 reduces migration. N4BP1 deficient HaCaT cells are more sensitive to heats compared to control cells. RNA profiling in N4BP1 genetically modified cells demonstrated that N4BP1 broadly affects cellular behaviors such as epithelium development. RNA profiling and RT-PCR verification demonstrate MMP9 is one of N4BP1 targets that significantly increased in N4BP1 deficient HaCaT cells and skin tissues. Collectively, our results demonstrate a protective role of N4BP1 in skin injury through broadly affecting cellular behaviors of keratinocytes. Furthermore, we identified MMP9 is a target of N4BP1 in keratinocytes. Our findings provide new insight to understand how N4BP1 protects skin upon injury.
A New Mission: Marketing Jesuit Vocation in the Modern Age
Creators: name: Lumbra, Evan Christian
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: This thesis aims to delve into this evolution of the contemporary Jesuit marketing
strategy in North America for recruiting new members into the religious order. Although
“marketing strategy” may not have been the Society’s choice term to describe their vocation promotion initiatives throughout the centuries, marketing has and continues to apply to them as a religious organization. Beginning to catch up on that realization, they have had to drastically alter their approach to this strategy within the 21st century.
Tensor calculus in polar coordinates using Jacobi polynomials
Creators: name: Vasil, Geoffrey M.
name: Burns, Keaton J.
name: Lecoanet, Daniel
name: Olver, Sheehan
name: Brown, Benjamin P.
name: Oishi, Jeffrey S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spectral methods are an efficient way to solve partial differential equations on domains possessing certain symmetries. The utility of a method depends strongly on the choice of spectral basis. In this paper we describe a set of bases built out of Jacobi polynomials, and associated operators for solving scalar, vector, and tensor partial differential equations in polar coordinates on a unit disk. By construction, the bases satisfy regularity conditions at r=0 for any tensorial field. The coordinate singularity in a disk is a prototypical case for many coordinate singularities. The work presented here extends to other geometries. The operators represent covariant derivatives, multiplication by azimuthally symmetric functions, and the tensorial relationship between fields. These arise naturally from relations between classical orthogonal polynomials, and form a Heisenberg algebra. Other past work uses more specific polynomial bases for solving equations in polar coordinates. The main innovation in this paper is to use a larger set of possible bases to achieve maximum bandedness of linear operations. We provide a series of applications of the methods, illustrating their ease-of-use and accuracy.
description: 48 pages, 8 figures. Accepted for publication in the Journal of Computational Physics
Spanish abstract from A classification scheme for mixed-species bird flocks
Creators: name: Mangini, G. Giselle
name: Rutt, Cameron L.
name: Sridhar, Hari
name: Buitron, Galo
name: Muñoz, Jenny
name: Robinson, Scott
name: Montaño-Centellas, Flavia
name: Zarco, Agustin
name: Fanjul, M. Elisa
name: Fernandez, Gilberto
name: Xing, Shuang
name: Camerlenghi, Ettore
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: Spanish abstract
Thermodynamics of Three-dimensional Black Holes via Charged Particle Absorption
Creators: name: Gwak, Bogeun
name: Lee, Bum-Hoon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have shown that changes occur in a (2+1)-dimensional charged black hole by adding a charged probe. The particle increases the entropy of the black hole and guarantees the second law of thermodynamics. The first law of thermodynamics is derived from the change in the black hole mass. Using the particle absorption, we test the extremal black hole and find out that the mass of the extremal black hole increases more than the electric charge. Therefore, the outer horizon of the black hole still exists. However, the extremal condition becomes non-extremal.
description: 6 pages
Optical hydrogen absorption consistent with a thin bow shock leading the hot Jupiter HD 189733b
Creators: name: Cauley, P. Wilson
name: Redfield, Seth
name: Jensen, Adam G.
name: Barman, Travis
name: Endl, Michael
name: Cochran, William D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bow shocks are ubiquitous astrophysical phenomena resulting from the supersonic passage of an object through a gas. Recently, pre-transit absorption in UV metal transitions of the hot Jupiter exoplanets HD 189733b and WASP12-b have been interpreted as being caused by material compressed in a planetary bow shock. Here we present a robust detection of a time-resolved pre-transit, as well as in-transit, absorption signature around the hot Jupiter exoplanet HD 189733b using high spectral resolution observations of several hydrogen Balmer lines. The line shape of the pre-transit feature and the shape of the time series absorption provide the strongest constraints on the morphology and physical characteristics of extended structures around an exoplanet. The in-transit measurements confirm the previous exospheric H-alpha detection although the absorption depth measured here is ~50% lower. The pre-transit absorption feature occurs 125 minutes before the predicted optical transit, a projected linear distance from the planet to the stellar disk of 7.2 planetary radii. The absorption strength observed in the Balmer lines indicates an optically thick, but physically small, geometry. We model this signal as the early ingress of a planetary bow shock. If the bow shock is mediated by a planetary magnetosphere, the large standoff distance derived from the model suggests a large equatorial planetary magnetic field strength of 28 G. Better knowledge of exoplanet magnetic field strengths is crucial to understanding the role these fields play in planetary evolution and the potential development of life on planets in the habitable zone.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures, see http://pwcastro.com/research for an animation of the transiting bow shock
Towards NMHV amplitudes at strong coupling
Creators: name: Belitsky, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Pentagon Operator Product Expansion provides a non-perturbative framework for analysis of scattering amplitudes in planar maximally supersymmetric gauge theory building up on their duality to null polygonal super Wilson loop and integrability. In this paper, we construct a systematic expansion for the main ingredients of the formalism, i.e., pentagons, at large 't Hooft coupling as a power series in its inverse value. The calculations are tested against relations provided by the so-called Descent Equation which mixes transitions at different perturbative orders. We use leading order results to have a first glimpse into the structure of scattering amplitude at NMHV level at strong coupling.
description: 40 pages
Can we prevent burnout and compassion fatigue in the oncology nursing population? Findings from a Systematic Review
Creators: name: Scharf, Natalie
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: Oncology nurses care for high-acuity patients on a regular basis. High patient-demands combined with exposure to patient mortality can lead to complicated grieving. When nurses are not included in grief resolution strategies, burnout may ensue resulting in negative outcomes for the nurses and their hospitals of employment. Interventions such as bereavement support groups, end-of-life education programs, and promotion of positive work environments have been proven effective in managing the consequences of unresolved burnout. Future work in developing more interventions that support nurses’ physical and mental health are warranted.
Recent PHENIX results
Creators: name: Larionova, Daria
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: icppa22
phenix
p+p
p+al
p+au
d+a
3he+au
cu+au
u+u
small systems
heavy flavor
φ
π0
hadron
charm
bottom
J/Ψ
forward-rapidity
backward-rapidity
photon
direct photon
raa
nuclear
modification
strange
invariant yield
energy loss
elliptic
flow
scaling

description: Talk presented at the International Conference on Particle Physics and Astrophysics 2022
Magnetism-driven ferroelectricity in spin-1/2 $XY$ chains
Creators: name: Menchyshyn, Oleg
name: Ohanyan, Vadim
name: Verkholyak, Taras
name: Krokhmalskii, Taras
name: Derzhko, Oleg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We illustrate the magnetoelectric effect conditioned by the Katsura-Nagaosa-Balatsky (KNB) mechanism within the frames of exactly solvable spin-1/2 $XY$ chains. Due to three-spin interactions which are present in our consideration, the magnetization (polarization) is influenced by the electric (magnetic) field even in the absence of the magnetic (electric) field. We also discuss a magnetoelectrocaloric effect examining the entropy changes under the isothermal varying of the magnetic or/and electric field.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures
File S1.docx from Transcriptomics of mussel transmissible cancer MtrBTN2 suggests accumulation of multiple cancer traits and oncogenic pathways shared among bilaterians
Creators: name: Burioli, E. A. V.
name: Hammel, M.
name: Vignal, E.
name: Vidal-Dupiol, J.
name: Mitta, G.
name: Thomas, F.
name: Bierne, N.
name: Destoumieux-Garzón, D.
name: Charrière, G. M.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biochemistry and Cell Biology not elsewhere classified
Plant Cell and Molecular Biology
Animal Cell and Molecular Biology

description: Supplementary File S1 : alignments of nucleotide sequences
Littlewood-Paley decomposition of operator densities and application to a new proof of the Lieb-Thirring inequality
Creators: name: Sabin, Julien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The goal of this note is to prove a analogue of the Littewood-Paley decomposition for densities of operators and to use it in the context of Lieb-Thirring inequalities.
The heart of the matter:  Female myocardial infarction and the KNOW MI campaign initiative-an intervention to promote awareness and educate women about cardiovascular disease risk factors and identification of warning signs and symptoms of acute myocardial infarction
Creators: name: Beek, Terra Scarlette
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: This paper examines causative factors behind mortality from acute myocardial infarction in women, which, at present, still remains high. Reports from the American Heart Association on women and cardiovascular disease indicate that“26% of women age 45 and older who have an initial recognized MI (heart attack) die within a year compared with 19% of men” (2014). Prevention of death from acute myocardial infarction begins with its predecessor—namely cardiovascular/coronary artery disease (CVD). Specifically, CVD remains the leading cause of death in women, and cardiac compromise from this silent killer results in acute myocardial infarction. Review of the literature appraises both prodromal signs and symptoms and atypical clinical presentations of acute myocardial infarction in women. Moreover, risk factors, incidence and prevalence, and educational methodologies are examined. Here, research on identification and primary prevention leads to an awareness of a need to educate women, and theoretical implementation of an educational and interactive screening tool for the female population known here as the KNOW MI initiative is offered. This intervention could not only raise awareness and help educate women about myocardial infarctions, but also would promote patient awareness and self-efficacy in health care.
Connecting Defects and Amorphization in UiO-66 and MIL-140 Metal-organic Frameworks: A Combined Experimental and Computational Study
Creators: name: Bennett, Thomas D.
name: Todorova, Tanya K.
name: Baxter, Emma F.
name: Reid, David. G.
name: Gervais, Christel
name: Bueken, Bart
name: Van de Voorde, B.
name: De Vos, Dirk
name: Keen, David A.
name: Mellot-Draznieks, Caroline
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The mechanism and products of the structural collapse of the metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) UiO-66, MIL-140B and MIL-140C upon ball-milling are investigated through solid state 13C NMR and pair distribution function (PDF) studies, finding amorphization to proceed by the breaking of a fraction of metal-ligand bonding in each case. The amorphous products contain inorganic-organic bonding motifs reminiscent of the crystalline phases. Whilst the inorganic Zr6O4(OH)4 clusters of UiO-66 remain intact upon structural collapse, the ZrO backbone of the MIL-140 frameworks undergoes substantial distortion. Density functional theory calculations have been performed to investigate defective models of MIL-140B and show, through comparison of calculated and experimental 13C NMR spectra, that amorphization and defects in the materials are linked.
description: 24 pages, 7 figures, 2 tables
Decrypting an achiasmatic segregation pathway in Arabidopsis Thaliana
Creators: name: Dewan, Neelesh Ratan
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Meiotic recombination is the process by which homologous chromosomes exchange
genetic material during gamete production by “crossing over.” This shuffling of parental
chromosomes is not only thought to be important for increasing genetic diversity in a population, but also a necessary step in segregating chromosomes appropriately during meiosis. Plant breeders may find it desirable to preserve advantageous gene combinations in their crops through generations and, in this context, manipulation of recombination can have a significant impact in breeding methods. Most eukaryotes, including humans and plants, require at least one crossover (CO) per chromosome to avoid non-disjunction and resulting genetic disorders associated with chromosome mis-segregation. Nonetheless, evidence of crossover-independent meioses have been observed in many organisms including insects such as Drosophila males, mammals, and plants. In all sexually reproducing species studied thus far, including plants, the topoisomerase-like protein SPO11-1 initiates meiotic recombination by catalyzing DNA double-strand breaks
(DSBs) to initiate crossing over. Thus in the absence of SPO11-1 recombination does not occur, resulting in a sterile phenotype. My project seeks to find a SPO11-1 mutant that maintains fertility in the absence of recombination through a chemical mutagenesis screen.
Querying Probabilistic Neighborhoods in Spatial Data Sets Efficiently
Creators: name: von Looz, Moritz
name: Meyerhenke, Henning
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: $\newcommand{\dist}{\operatorname{dist}}$ In this paper we define the notion of a probabilistic neighborhood in spatial data: Let a set $P$ of $n$ points in $\mathbb{R}^d$, a query point $q \in \mathbb{R}^d$, a distance metric $\dist$, and a monotonically decreasing function $f : \mathbb{R}^+ \rightarrow [0,1]$ be given. Then a point $p \in P$ belongs to the probabilistic neighborhood $N(q, f)$ of $q$ with respect to $f$ with probability $f(\dist(p,q))$. We envision applications in facility location, sensor networks, and other scenarios where a connection between two entities becomes less likely with increasing distance. A straightforward query algorithm would determine a probabilistic neighborhood in $Θ(n\cdot d)$ time by probing each point in $P$. To answer the query in sublinear time for the planar case, we augment a quadtree suitably and design a corresponding query algorithm. Our theoretical analysis shows that -- for certain distributions of planar $P$ -- our algorithm answers a query in $O((|N(q,f)| + \sqrt{n})\log n)$ time with high probability (whp). This matches up to a logarithmic factor the cost induced by quadtree-based algorithms for deterministic queries and is asymptotically faster than the straightforward approach whenever $|N(q,f)| \in o(n / \log n)$. As practical proofs of concept we use two applications, one in the Euclidean and one in the hyperbolic plane. In particular, our results yield the first generator for random hyperbolic graphs with arbitrary temperatures in subquadratic time. Moreover, our experimental data show the usefulness of our algorithm even if the point distribution is unknown or not uniform: The running time savings over the pairwise probing approach constitute at least one order of magnitude already for a modest number of points and queries.
description: The final publication is available at Springer via http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-44543-4_35
Raccomandazioni per la transicione ecologica della coltivazione dell´olivo
Creators: name: Gallego, Jose Lietor
name: Maestri, Elena
name: Ruiz, Roberto García
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Raccomandazioni
transicione ecologica
Uliveto

description: Following the results obtained by SUSTAINOLIVE research, a catalog of recommendations was designed with the aim of developing policies that stimulate and enhance sustainable management practices in olive groves in the short and medium term.
Three-electron coalescence points in two and three dimensions
Creators: name: Loos, Pierre-François
name: Bloomfield, Nathaniel J.
name: Gill, Peter M. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The form of the wave function at three-electron coalescence points is examined for several spin states using an alternative method to the usual Fock expansion. We find that, in two- and three-dimensional systems, the non-analytical nature of the wave function is characterized by the appearance of logarithmic terms, reminiscent of those that appear as both electrons approach the nucleus of the helium atom. The explicit form of these singularities is given in terms of the interelectronic distances for a doublet and two quartet states of three electrons in a harmonic well.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure, accepted for publication as a Communication in the Journal of Chemical Physics
Test Based Accountability and Alternative Education: Evidence of Gaming?
Creators: name: Lee, Kenya
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: Standardized testing has become a prominent tool used to hold public schools accountable for student achievement. No Child Left Behind (2002) scaled-up test-based accountability nationwide with its core requirements challenging schools to meet reading and math proficiency targets or face punitive and corrective actions. Studies have examined the perverse effects of accountability, finding that accountability pressure has incentivized schools to game the accountability system in an effort to increase school performance. Amongst the expansive gaming literature, no studies to date have considered alternative school transferals as a potential avenue for gaming. Over the past two decades, alternative school enrollment has grown disproportionately compared to enrollment growths in regular schools and reports on enrollments indicate that the current demand for these schools exceeds the supply. This study asked whether alternative school enrollment growths are another possible unintended consequence of test-based accountability as “at risk” students may be transferred out of traditional public schools into alternative schools in an effort to meet testing targets. I use Comparative Interrupted Time Series modeling to assess the impact of NCLB on alternative school enrollment using varying degrees of accountability in states pre-NCLB to sort states into treatment and comparison groups. I find that the most significant impact of NCLB on enrollment is seen in the years following enactment with accountability pressure attributed to a 6 to 8 percent growth per year in enrollment. However, this finding is sensitive to the inclusion of out-of-school suspensions as a control. Additional analyses reveal that out of school suspensions may be an intermediate pathway through which students are sent into alternatives. With these findings I suggest that policymakers should look to revising accountability systems to hold regular public schools more accountable for student transferals and performance within alternatives.
Coherence susceptibility as a probe of quantum phase transitions
Creators: name: Chen, Jin-Jun
name: Cui, Jian
name: Zhang, Yu-Ran
name: Fan, Heng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a coherence susceptibility method, based on the fact that it signals quantum fluctuations, for identifying quantum phase transitions, which are induced by quantum fluctuations. This method requires no prior knowledge of order parameter, and there is no need for careful considerations concerning the choice of a bipartition of the system. It can identify different types of quantum phase transition points exactly. At finite temperatures, where quantum criticality is influenced by thermal fluctuations, our method can pinpoint the temperature frame of quantum criticality, which perfectly coincides with recent experiments.
description: Accepted version
File S2.docx from Transcriptomics of mussel transmissible cancer MtrBTN2 suggests accumulation of multiple cancer traits and oncogenic pathways shared among bilaterians
Creators: name: Burioli, E. A. V.
name: Hammel, M.
name: Vignal, E.
name: Vidal-Dupiol, J.
name: Mitta, G.
name: Thomas, F.
name: Bierne, N.
name: Destoumieux-Garzón, D.
name: Charrière, G. M.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biochemistry and Cell Biology not elsewhere classified
Plant Cell and Molecular Biology
Animal Cell and Molecular Biology

description: Supplementary File S2 : alignments of aa sequences
Electricity Price Forecasting using Sale and Purchase Curves: The X-Model
Creators: name: Ziel, Florian
name: Steinert, Rick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Trading and Market Microstructure (q-fin.TR)
subject: Statistical Finance (q-fin.ST)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: I.5.1; J.4; J.2; J.1; I.2.6; I.6.3
subject: 62P05, 62P20, 62P12, 91G70, 62J07

description: Our paper aims to model and forecast the electricity price by taking a completely new perspective on the data. It will be the first approach which is able to combine the insights of market structure models with extensive and modern econometric analysis. Instead of directly modeling the electricity price as it is usually done in time series or data mining approaches, we model and utilize its true source: the sale and purchase curves of the electricity exchange. We will refer to this new model as X-Model, as almost every deregulated electricity price is simply the result of the intersection of the electricity supply and demand curve at a certain auction. Therefore we show an approach to deal with a tremendous amount of auction data, using a subtle data processing technique as well as dimension reduction and lasso based estimation methods. We incorporate not only several known features, such as seasonal behavior or the impact of other processes like renewable energy, but also completely new elaborated stylized facts of the bidding structure. Our model is able to capture the non-linear behavior of the electricity price, which is especially useful for predicting huge price spikes. Using simulation methods we show how to derive prediction intervals for probabilistic forecasting. We describe and show the proposed methods for the day-ahead EPEX spot price of Germany and Austria.
description: Online appendix is partially provided
Rooftop Garden-Based Education: Cultivating a Healthy and Environmentally Aware Urban Youth
Creators: name: Selzer, Mary
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2019

description: Garden-based education is a powerful tool for addressing the limited nutrition knowledge and environmental awareness that exists among children. School gardens are particularly influential in educating the urban youth, who are more likely to be disconnected from green space and food growing activities. However, the lack of available and affordable space in cities is a major barrier for building out these programs. This thesis analyzes how garden-based learning programs may fit in with the current trend towards growing on rooftops in order to overcome the space barrier and educate more urban children.
"SignalShapes_XPhiToEleEle.root" of "Search for a scalar or pseudoscalar dilepton resonance produced in association with a massive vector boson or top quark-antiquark pair in multilepton events at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV"
Creators: name: CMS Collaboration
Publisher: name: HEPData
Year: 2024

description: Signal shapes in arbitrary units for $\phi \rightarrow ee$ decay channel in each signal region as a function of dilepton mass.
description: A search for beyond the standard model spin-0 bosons, $\phi$, that decay into pairs of electrons, muons, or tau leptons is presented. The search targets the associated production of such bosons with a $\mathrm{W}$ or $\mathrm{Z}$ gauge boson, or a top quark-antiquark pair, and uses events with three or four charged leptons, including hadronically decaying tau leptons. The proton-proton collision data set used in the analysis was collected at the LHC from 2016 to 2018 at a center-of-mass energy of $13\TeV$, and corresponds to an integrated luminosity of $138\fbinv$. The observations are consistent with the predictions from standard model processes. Upper limits are placed on the product of cross sections and branching fractions of such new particles over the mass range of 15 to $350\GeV$ with scalar, pseudoscalar, or Higgs-boson-like couplings, as well as on the product of coupling parameters and branching fractions. Several model-dependent exclusion limits are also presented. For a Higgs-boson-like $\phi$ model, limits are set on the mixing angle of the Higgs boson with the $\phi$ boson. For the associated production of a $\phi$ boson with a top quark-antiquark pair, limits are set on the coupling to top quarks. Finally, limits are set for the first time on a fermiophilic dilaton-like model with scalar couplings and a fermiophilic axion-like model with pseudoscalar couplings.
Stellar Evolution Models of Young Stars: Progress and Limitations
Creators: name: Feiden, Gregory A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Stellar evolution models are a cornerstone of young star astrophysics, which necessitates that they yield accurate and reliable predictions of stellar properties. Here, I review the current performance of stellar evolution models against young astrophysical benchmarks and highlight recent progress incorporating non-standard physics, such as magnetic field and starspots, to explain observed deficiencies. While addition of these physical processes leads to improved agreement between models and observations, there are several fundamental limitations in our understanding about how these physical processes operate. These limitations inhibit our ability to form a coherent picture of the essential physics needed to accurately compute young stellar models, but provide rich avenues for further exploration.
description: 6 pages, 1 figure, to appear in proceedings of IAU Symposium 314: Young Stars and Planets Near the Sun
Taxes and Toxicity: Exploring the Feasibility and Political Landscape Surrounding a State-Level Carbon Initiative in North Carolina
Creators: name: Hennen, Emily
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2019

description: This paper specifically explores carbon tax at the state-level as a method to reduce carbon emissions, discussing its feasibility and political landscape within North Carolina. This is done through nine interviews with state politicians, environmental nonprofits, and experts in environmental policy. Each was asked their personal opinions on a state-level carbon tax, their thoughts on its feasibility, what tax revenue uses would be optimal, and who they felt would be key players in making such an initiative successful. “Toxic” is used by interview subjects in this paper not only to describe coal ash and greenhouse gas emissions, but also the political and economic structures directed at regulating these emissions. Interview results have shown that a conservative and revenue-neutral proposal is most likely to succeed in the state’s republican-majority General Assembly, but even that is highly unlikely, and activists are concerned with the disproportionate impact of such a tax on low-income families. Results found that key individuals would support a carbon tax, but agree such policy is unlikely to be successful in North Carolina in the near future and significant Republican support would be necessary in making one possible. It was found that while most Democratic legislators and environmental experts would prefer a carbon pricing system that addresses issues of environmental injustice, that is least likely to succeed. Instead, targeting renewable energy expansion and economic growth would be most approved by Republican lawmakers. Additionally, these Republican lawmakers would likely need to be the ones to present the initiative in order for ultimate success, which remains unlikely and would not address concerns of environmental injustice and energy inequality. This research can be utilized to provide insight for future efforts in pursuing state-level carbon pricing initiatives in North Carolina.
Semantic-Security Capacity for Wiretap Channels of Type II
Creators: name: Goldfeld, Ziv
name: Cuff, Paul
name: Permuter, Haim H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The secrecy capacity of the type II wiretap channel (WTC II) with a noisy main channel is currently an open problem. Herein its secrecy-capacity is derived and shown to be equal to its semantic-security (SS) capacity. In this setting, the legitimate users communicate via a discrete-memoryless (DM) channel in the presence of an eavesdropper that has perfect access to a subset of its choosing of the transmitted symbols, constrained to a fixed fraction of the blocklength. The secrecy criterion is achieved simultaneously for all possible eavesdropper subset choices. The SS criterion demands negligible mutual information between the message and the eavesdropper's observations even when maximized over all message distributions. A key tool for the achievability proof is a novel and stronger version of Wyner's soft covering lemma. Specifically, a random codebook is shown to achieve the soft-covering phenomenon with high probability. The probability of failure is doubly-exponentially small in the blocklength. Since the combined number of messages and subsets grows only exponentially with the blocklength, SS for the WTC II is established by using the union bound and invoking the stronger soft-covering lemma. The direct proof shows that rates up to the weak-secrecy capacity of the classic WTC with a DM erasure channel (EC) to the eavesdropper are achievable. The converse follows by establishing the capacity of this DM wiretap EC as an upper bound for the WTC II. From a broader perspective, the stronger soft-covering lemma constitutes a tool for showing the existence of codebooks that satisfy exponentially many constraints, a beneficial ability for many other applications in information theoretic security.
MPEC 2023-F180 : 2023 FS5
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 FS5

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Impact of Immigrant Population Share and Candidate Ideology on Senate Republican Election Outcomes in U.S. Counties, 2010­-2016
Creators: name: Hazerjian, Zoe
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2019

description: In this paper, I study the impact of immigration to the United States on the vote share for Senate candidates with varying degrees of conservatism in the Republican Party during the period 2010-2016. This is done by analyzing the proportion of immigrants in a U.S. county, candidate ideology, and candidate vote share. This paper finds that for the 2012, 2014, and 2016 Senate elections, when immigration levels and candidate ideology are interacted together, candidates that are more ideologically conservative receive higher vote share in counties with increasing proportions of immigrants. This paper also finds that for most election years analyzed, an increase in the overall proportion of immigrants in a county leads to lower vote share for Senate Republican candidates. Additionally, more ideologically conservative Senate Republican candidates received lower vote share during presidential election years, but greater vote share during midterm election years.
A circle diffeomorphism with breaks that is smoothly linearizable
Creators: name: Teplinsky, Alexey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37E10

description: In this paper we answer positively a question of whether it is possible for a circle diffeomorphism with breaks to be smoothly conjugate to a rigid rotation in the case when its breaks are lying on pairwise distinct trajectories. An example constructed is a piecewise linear circle homeomorphism that has four break points lying on distinct trajectories, and whose invariant measure is absolutely continuous w.r.t.\ the Lebesgue measure. The irrational rotation number for our example can be chosen a Roth number, but not of bounded type.
Infrared-Induced Sluggish Dynamics in the GeSbTe Electron Glass
Creators: name: Ovadyahu, Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The electron-glass dynamics of Anderson-localized GeSbTe films is dramatically slowed-down following a brief infrared illumination that increases the system carrier-concentration (and thus its conductance). These results demonstrate that the dynamics exhibited by electron-glasses is more sensitive to carrier-concentration than to disorder. In turn, this seems to imply that many-body effects such as the Orthogonality Catastrophe must play a role in the sluggish dynamics observed in the intrinsic electron-glasses.