cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Global and local population genetics of the Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata, an invasive pest of fruit crops
Creators: name: Arias Mella, Maria Belen
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2018

description: Invasive species are recognised as one of the most important, growing threat to food biosecurity, causing a significant economic loss in agricultural systems. Despite their damaging effect, they are attractive models for the study of evolution and adaptation in newly colonised environments. Currently, the global climate represents one key potential stressors to impact the food biosecurity because of its influence in the distribution and change in the abundance of agricultural pests. The tephritid fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) contain some of the most successful invaders and most devastating agricultural pests recognised worldwide. Among them, the Mediterranean fruit fly Ceratitis capitata and the South American fruit flies in the genus Anastrepha are particularly important for crop production. Insecticides have been used extensively for their control. This thesis investigates factors that are related to invasiveness in these species, in order to provide novel information that will ultimately improve management control methods. First, environmental niche modelling was used to determine the influence of climate change in the potential habitat distribution of C. capitata, predicting both polewards expansion as well as greater connectivity. Next, historical global dispersal patterns of the medfly over the past two centuries were investigated using molecular and genetic approaches. In Chapter 4, different attempts to identify the point mutation G328A Ccace2 gene that confers resistance to insecticides were assessed at local and intercontinental scale, in part by studying museum specimens from before and after the use of pesticides. Additionally, to improve genetic knowledge of this invasive species, the mitogenome of different species of Anastrepha were sequenced and analysed together with others tephritid. This investigation provides crucial information revealing the evolutionary factors that influence the medfly’s successful invasions and will contribute to the development of evidence-driven pest management protocols, especially in the Americas, including the choice among different control methods as well as the establishment of quarantine procedures to interrupt colonisation routes.
Additional file 1: of Development and validation of a new predictive model for breast cancer survival in New Zealand and comparison to the Nottingham prognostic index
Creators: name: J. Elwood
name: Essa Tawfiq
name: Sandar TinTin
name: Marshall, Roger
name: Phung, Tung
name: Campbell, Ian
name: Harvey, Vernon
name: Lawrenson, Ross
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology

description: Table S1. 10-year breast cancer predicted and observed survival, Auckland and Waikato databases. (DOCX 14 kb)
Additional file 4 of Tracheostomy management in patients with severe acute respiratory distress syndrome receiving extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: an International Multicenter Retrospective Study
Creators: name: Schmidt, Matthieu
name: Fisser, Christoph
name: Martucci, Gennaro
name: Abrams, Darryl
name: Frapard, Thomas
name: Popugaev, Konstantin
name: Arcadipane, Antonio
name: Bromberger, Bianca
name: Lino, Giovanni
name: Serra, Alexis
name: Rozencwajg, Sacha
name: Lubnow, Matthias
name: Petrikov, Sergey
name: Mueller, Thomas
name: Combes, Alain
name: Pham, Tài
name: Brodie, Daniel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 4. Pre-ECMO variables associated with the decision to perform a tracheostomy (i.e., during or after ECMO) in severe ARDS patients.
Infall Collapse Solutions in the Inner Limit: Radiation Pressure and its Effects on Star Formation
Creators: name: Jijina, Jasmin
name: Adams, Fred C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we study infall collapse solutions for star formation in the small radius limit where the particle orbits become nearly pressure-free. We generalize previous solutions to simultaneously include the effects of both radiation pressure and angular momentum. The effects of radiation pressure can be modeled using a modified potential; for representative cases of such potentials, we obtain analytical solutions for the density and velocity fields. In general, radiation pressure limits the maximum mass of a forming star by reversing the infall when the star becomes sufficiently large. Our results imply that this maximum mass scale is given by the condition that the turnaround radius $R_R$ (the radius at which the radiation pressure force exceeds the gravitational force) exceeds the centrifugal radius $R_C$ (the angular momentum barrier). The maximum mass scale for a star forming within a rotating collapse flow with radiation pressure depends on the initial conditions, but is generally much larger than for the case of spherical infall considered previously. In particular, stars with masses $M_\ast$ $\sim 100$ $M_\odot$ can form for a fairly wide range of initial conditions.
description: 28 pages, 7 uuencoded figs; accepted by ApJ
UN/ESA Workshops on Basic Space Science: An Initiative in the Worl dwide Development of Astronomy
Creators: name: Haubold, H. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In 1990, the United Nations, in cooperation with the European Space Agency, initiated the organization of a series of annual Workshops on Basic Space Science for the benefit of astronomers and space scientists in Asia and the Pacific, Latin American and the Caribbean, Africa, Western Asia, and Europe. This article summarizes accomplishments of these Workshops (1991-1998) and their follow-up projects with a view to enhance the worldwide development of astronomy and space science. The Workshops are being considered unique and a model for such an endeavor.
description: 25 pages, LaTeX, to appear in JAH2
Upupa Linnaeus, 1758, gen. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Upupiformes
Upupidae
Upupa

description: Upupa [gen. nov.]
Rostrum arcuatum, convexum, subcompressum.
Lingua obtusa, integerrima, triquetra, brevissima.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 117, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Intrinsic Flat Stability of Manifolds with Boundary where Volume Converges and Distance is Bounded Below
Creators: name: Allen, Brian
name: Perales, Raquel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Given a compact, connected, and oriented manifold with boundary $M$ and a sequence of smooth Riemannian metrics defined on it, $g_j$, we prove volume preserving intrinsic flat convergence of the sequence to the smooth Riemannian metric $g_0$ provided $g_j$ always measures vectors strictly larger than or equal to $g_0$, the diameter of $g_j$ is uniformly bounded, the volume of $g_j$ converges to the volume of $g_0$, and $L^{\frac{m-1}{2}}$ convergence of the metrics restricted to the boundary. Many examples are reviewed which justify and explain the intuition behind these hypotheses. These examples also show that uniform, Lipschitz, and Gromov-Hausdorff convergence are not appropriate in this setting. Our results provide a new rigorous method of proving some special cases of the intrinsic flat stability of the positive mass theorem.
description: Updated the bibliography and the main theorems in v2 appeared as corollaries in v1
Blocks 3,4,5 Spring Creek Add. Laramie, Wyo
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: University of Wyoming
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Maps
subject: Wyoming
subject: Albany County
subject: Laramie

description: The exact date of this map is unknown; the maps in this collection were made in the 1950s and 1960s.
Constrained realizations and minimum variance reconstruction of non-Gaussian random fields
Creators: name: Sheth, Ravi K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With appropriate modifications, the Hoffman--Ribak algorithm that constructs constrained realizations of Gaussian random fields having the correct ensemble properties can also be used to construct constrained realizations of those non-Gaussian random fields that are obtained by transformations of an underlying Gaussian field. For example, constrained realizations of lognormal, generalized Rayleigh, and chi-squared fields having $n$ degrees of freedom constructed this way will have the correct ensemble properties. The lognormal field is considered in detail. For reconstructing Gaussian random fields, constrained realization techniques are similar to reconstructions obtained using minimum variance techniques. A comparison of this constrained realization approach with minimum variance, Wiener filter reconstruction techniques, in the context of lognormal random fields, is also included. The resulting prescriptions for constructing constrained realizations as well as minimum variance reconstructions of lognormal random fields are useful for reconstructing masked regions in galaxy catalogues on smaller scales than previously possible, for assessing the statistical significance of small-scale features in the microwave background radiation, and for generating certain non-Gaussian initial conditions for $N$-body simulations.
description: 12 pages, gzipped postscript, MNRAS, in press
Additional file 5 of Tracheostomy management in patients with severe acute respiratory distress syndrome receiving extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: an International Multicenter Retrospective Study
Creators: name: Schmidt, Matthieu
name: Fisser, Christoph
name: Martucci, Gennaro
name: Abrams, Darryl
name: Frapard, Thomas
name: Popugaev, Konstantin
name: Arcadipane, Antonio
name: Bromberger, Bianca
name: Lino, Giovanni
name: Serra, Alexis
name: Rozencwajg, Sacha
name: Lubnow, Matthias
name: Petrikov, Sergey
name: Mueller, Thomas
name: Combes, Alain
name: Pham, Tài
name: Brodie, Daniel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 5 Impact of tracheostomy on the unfractionated heparin dose and the packed red blood cell transfusion according to the timing of tracheostomy.
Neutrinoless $ββ$-Decay in DCEQTDA
Creators: name: De Conti, C.
name: Ferreira, V. dos S.
name: Samana, A. R.
name: Barbero, C. A.
name: Krmpotić, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have recently developed a nuclear model, which is a natural extension of the $pn$-QRPA model, specially designed to describe double charge exchange (DCE) processes generated by two-body DCE transition operators. It is based on the Quasiparticle Tamm-Dancoff Approximation (QTDA) for $pn$ and $2p2n$ excitations in intermediate and final nuclei, respectively, and will be called DCEQTDA.
 As such, this model, having the same number of free parameters as the $pn$-QRPA, also brings into play the excitations of four quasiparticles to build up the final nuclear states, which are then used to evaluate the nuclear matrix elements (NMEs) for all $0^+$ and $2^+$ final states, including resonances, and not just for the ground state as in $pn$-QRPA. In addition, it allows us to evaluate: (a) the values of $Q_{ββ}$, (b) the excitation energies in final nuclei, and (c) the DCE sum rules, which are fulfilled in the DCEQTDA. So far, this model has been used mainly to calculate double beta decays with the emission of two neutrinos ($2νββ$-decay). Here, we extend it to the study of these processes when no neutrinos are emitted ($0νββ$-decay), evaluating them in a series of nuclei, but paying special attention to (i) $^{76}$Se, which have been measured recently in the GERDA and MAJORANA experiments, and (ii) $^{124}$Te, for which the first direct observation of the double electron capture $2ν$ has been performed with the XENON1T dark matter detector. We obtain good agreement with the data for both the ground state and the excited states. The validity of the DCEQTDA model is checked by comparing the calculation with the experimental data for the $2νββ$ NMEs, and for the $Q_{ββ}$, in a series of nuclei.
description: 37 pages,4 figures
Insight into Insiders and IT: A Survey of Insider Threat Taxonomies, Analysis, Modeling, and Countermeasures
Creators: name: Homoliak, Ivan
name: Toffalini, Flavio
name: Guarnizo, Juan
name: Elovici, Yuval
name: Ochoa, Martín
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Insider threats are one of today's most challenging cybersecurity issues that are not well addressed by commonly employed security solutions. Despite several scientific works published in this domain, we argue that the field can benefit from the proposed structural taxonomy and novel categorization of research that contribute to the organization and disambiguation of insider threat incidents and the defense solutions used against them. The objective of our categorization is to systematize knowledge in insider threat research, while leveraging existing grounded theory method for rigorous literature review. The proposed categorization depicts the workflow among particular categories that include: 1) Incidents and datasets, 2) Analysis of attackers, 3) Simulations, and 4) Defense solutions. Special attention is paid to the definitions and taxonomies of the insider threat; we present a structural taxonomy of insider threat incidents, which is based on existing taxonomies and the 5W1H questions of the information gathering problem. Our survey will enhance researchers' efforts in the domain of insider threat, because it provides: a) a novel structural taxonomy that contributes to orthogonal classification of incidents and defining the scope of defense solutions employed against them, b) an updated overview on publicly available datasets that can be used to test new detection solutions against other works, c) references of existing case studies and frameworks modeling insiders' behaviors for the purpose of reviewing defense solutions or extending their coverage, and d) a discussion of existing trends and further research directions that can be used for reasoning in the insider threat domain.
Upupa epops Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Upupiformes
Upupidae
Upupa
Upupa epops

description: Upupa epops [spec. nov.]
U. eristata variegata.
Upupa. Fn. svec. 85. Bell. av. 72: a. Gesn. av. 776. Aldr. ornith. l. 17. c. 11. Jonst. av... t. 42. Will. ornith. 100. t. 24. Raj. av. 48. Alb. av. 2. p. 39. t. 42. 43. Frisch. av. t. 43. Charl. onom. 63. t. 63. Olin. av. 36.
Habitat in Europae sylvis.
Terresacta cristam erigit.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on pages 117-118, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Additional file 2: of An Internet-based Acceptance and Commitment Therapy intervention for older adults with anxiety complaints: study protocol for a cluster randomized controlled trial
Creators: name: Witlox, Maartje
name: Vivivan Kraaij
name: Garnefski, Nadia
name: Waal, Margot De
name: Smit, Filip
name: Hoencamp, Erik
name: Jacobijn Gussekloo
name: Bohlmeijer, Ernst
name: Spinhoven, Philip
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Spirit Figure. (PDF 118 kb)
Stability of trigonometric approximation in $L^p$ and applications to prediction theory
Creators: name: Klotz, Lutz
name: Frank, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60G25 (Primary) 62M10, 91B84 (Secondary)

description: Let $Γ$ be an LCA group and $(μ_n)$ be a sequence of bounded regular Borel measures on $Γ$ tending to a measure $μ_0$. Let $G$ be the dual group of $Γ$, $S$ be a non-empty subset of $G \setminus \{ 0 \}$, and $[{\mathcal T}(S)]_{μ_n,p}$ the subspace of $L^p(μ_n)$, $p \in (0,\infty)$, spanned by the characters of $Γ$ which are generated by the elements of $S$. The limit behaviour of the sequence of metric projections of the function $1$ onto $[{\mathcal T}(S)]_{μ_n,p}$ as well as of the sequence of the corresponding approximation errors are studied. The results are applied to obtain stability theorems for prediction of weakly stationary or harmonizable symmetric $p$-stable stochastic processes. Along with the general problem the particular cases of linear interpolation or extrapolation as well as of a finite or periodic observation set are studied in detail and compared to each other.
description: 34 pages
MOESM1 of Complex delay dynamics on railway networks from universal laws to realistic modelling
Creators: name: Monechi, Bernardo
name: Gravino, Pietro
name: Clemente, Riccardo Di
name: Servedio, Vito
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Supplementary information: Complex delay dynamics on railway networks from universal laws to realistic modelling (PDF 5.2 MB)
Cataclysmic Variables and a New Class of Faint UV Stars in the Globular Cluster NGC 6397
Creators: name: Cool, Adrienne M.
name: Grindlay, Jonathan E.
name: Cohn, Haldan N.
name: Lugger, Phyllis N.
name: Bailyn, Charles D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present evidence that the globular cluster NGC 6397 contains two distinct classes of centrally-concentrated UV-bright stars. Color-magnitude diagrams constructed from U, B, V, and I data obtained with the HST/WFPC2 reveal seven UV-bright stars fainter than the main-sequence turnoff, three of which had previously been identified as cataclysmic variables (CVs). Lightcurves of these stars show the characteristic ``flicker'' of CVs, as well as longer-term variability. A fourth star is identified as a CV candidate on the basis of its variability and UV excess. Three additional UV-bright stars show no photometric variability and have broad-band colors characteristic of B stars. These non-flickering UV stars are too faint to be extended horizontal branch stars. We suggest that they could be low-mass helium white dwarfs, formed when the evolution of a red giant is interrupted, due either to Roche-lobe overflow onto a binary companion, or to envelope ejection following a common-envelope phase in a tidal-capture binary. Alternatively, they could be very-low-mass core-He-burning stars. Both the CVs and the new class of faint UV stars are strongly concentrated toward the cluster center, to the extent that mass segregation from 2-body relaxation alone may be unable to explain their distribution.
description: 11 pages plus 3 eps figures; LaTeX using aaspp4.sty; to appear in The Astrophysical Journal Letters
On values of $\mathfrak{sl}_3$ weight system on chord diagrams whose intersection graph is complete bipartite
Creators: name: Yang, Zhuoke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Each knot invariant can be extended to singular knots according to the skein rule. A Vassiliev invariant of order at most $n$ is defined as a knot invariant that vanishes identically on knots with more than $n$ double points. A chord diagram encodes the order of double points along a singular knot. A Vassiliev invariant of order $n$ gives rise to a function on chord diagrams with $n$ chords. Such a function should satisfy some conditions in order to come from a Vassiliev invariant. A weight system is a function on chord diagrams that satisfies so-called 4-term relations. Given a Lie algebra $\mathfrak{g}$ equipped with a non-degenerate invariant bilinear form, one can construct a weight system with values in the center of the universal enveloping algebra $U(\mathfrak{g})$. In this paper, we calculate $\mathfrak{sl}_3$ weight system for chord diagram whose intersection graph is complete bipartite graph $K_{2,n}$.
Dynamical History of Ly αclouds
Creators: name: Srianand, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The clustering properties of Ly $α$ lines are analysed using an intermediate resolution ($\sim 1Å$) spectra of 67 QSOs compiled from the literature. The pair velocity correlation function indicates a weak excess in the velocity intervals up to ${\rm Δv\;=\;600\; km\;s^{-1}}$. The z-integrated probability distribution of interline spacings also confirms the excess in the low velocity intervals. The dependence of pair velocity correlation on redshift and equivalent width are investigated. The cross-correlation properties of Ly $α$ clouds with metal line redshifts are analysed. We do not find any tendency of Ly $α$ lines to cluster around metal line systems. Depedence of the cross-correlation on redshift and equivalent widths of Ly $α$ clouds are investigated. Various implications of the results are discussed.
description: 30 pages, Latex file (nofigure). Complete uuencoded Z-compressed postscript files of text as well as figures are available via anonymous ftp at ftp://iucaa.ernet.in/pub/anand/ (or 144.16.31.1); Accepted for publication in Astrophysical Journal. arXiv admin note: only first 15 pages available as paper was corrupted during original email submission.
The Smoking Guns Of Neutron Stars Mergers
Creators: name: Dado, Shlomo
name: Dar, Arnon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The short hard gamma ray burst (SHB) 170817A that followed GW170817A, the first neutron stars merger (NSM) detected in gravitational waves (GWs), has shown beyond doubt that NSMs produce beamed SHBs. Its low luminosity and other properties that differ from those of ordinary SHBs were predicted by the cannonball model of gamma ray bursts. Low luminosity (LL) SHBs are mainly ordinary SHBs viewed far off-axis. They are produced mainly by nearby NSMs. Because of beaming, most of the NSMs, including those within the current horizon of Ligo-Virgo, produce SHBs most of which are invisible from Earth. But, their pulsar wind nebula powered by the spin down of the remnant neutron star produces an early-time isotropic afterglow with a universal temporal shape. This smoking gun of NSMs is detectable independent of whether the SHB was visible, or was invisible from Earth because of being beamed away.
description: Updated version. Talk presented by A. Dar at "Windows On The Universe", 5-11 August 2018, Quy Nhon, Vietnam. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1807.08726
Additional file 1 of Prevalence and predictors of child labour among junior public secondary school students in Enugu, Nigeria: a cross-sectional study
Creators: name: Enebe, N. O.
name: Enebe, J. T.
name: Agunwa, C. C.
name: Ossai, E. N.
name: Ezeoke, U. E.
name: Idoko, C. A.
name: Mbachu, C. O.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1.
Superintegrable relativistic systems in scalar background fields
Creators: name: Ansell, L.
name: Heinzl, T.
name: Ilderton, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a relativistic charged particle in a background scalar field depending on both space and time. Poincaré, dilation and special conformal symmetries of the field generate conserved quantities in the charge motion, and we exploit this to generate examples of superintegrable relativistic systems. We also show that the corresponding single-particle wavefunctions needed for the quantum scattering problem can be found exactly, by solving the Klein-Gordon equation.
description: Version 2: 17 pages, two PDF figures. Various discussions extended. Matches version to appear in J.Phys.A
A first look at galaxies with the DENIS survey
Creators: name: Mamon, Gary
name: Banchet, Vincent
name: Boisson, Catherine
name: Cayatte, Veronique
name: Engelmann, Frederic
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review the various steps for the extraction of extended sources, principally galaxies, from the DENIS images. The capabilities of DENIS are studied with simulated images. A few real DENIS J and K_s-band images are presented for very bright galaxies and one nearby rich galaxy cluster.
description: Invited talk at Euroconference on "Near-Infrared Sky Surveys", ed. P. Persi (Mem. Soc. Astr. It.), in press (meeting held in January 1995 in San Miniato, Italy)
Theoretical study on hot-carrier generation, transport and injection in TiN/TiO$_2$ junction
Creators: name: Liu, Tingting
name: Wang, QianJun
name: Zhang, Cheng
name: Li, Xiaofeng
name: Hu, Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Promoting performance of generation, transport and injection of hot carriers in metal/semiconductor junctions is critical for harvesting energy of hot carriers. However, the injection efficiency of hot carriers in the commonly used noble metals such as Au is extremely low, which hinders the hot carrier-based applications. Here, we predict that the plasmonic material TiN might be promising for generating, transporting and injecting hot carriers, based on first-principles calculations and Monte Carlo simulations. We found that the hot-carrier generation rate in TiN is significantly large compared to Au. The transport property of hot carriers in TiN is excellent, due to the long lifetime and mean free path. The TiN/TiO2 junction possesses very low Schottky barrier, which results in much larger injection efficiency than that in the Au/TiO2 junction. Furthermore, it is revealed that the optimal injection efficiency could be achieved in a core/shell cylindrical TiN/TiO2 junction. Our findings provide an in-depth understanding of hot-carrier generation, transport and injection, and hence are helpful for the development of hot carrier-based devices.
description: 17 pages, 6 figures
Organic semiconductor thin films for spintronic applications
Creators: name: Robaschik, Peter
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2018

description: Organic semiconductors have a major impact on our daily life, as they are increasingly implemented in commercial devices like organic light emitting diodes (OLED), organic field effect transistors (OFET) or solar cells. Recently, this class of materials became of interest for spintronic applications, which make use of the spin in addition to the charge of the electrons. Due to a high spin life-time and an easy manipulation of the chemical and physical properties, organic molecules become a promising alternative to transition metals and metal oxides for both spin transport and polarisation media. In order to achieve the desired device properties like room temperature operation, it is essential to investigate new materials and fabrication methods. This thesis focuses on vacuum processed organic semiconductor thin films, which further exhibit remarkable magnetic properties, making them suitable for spintronic applications. The materials of choice, iron phthalocyanine (FePc) and manganese phthalocyanine (MnPc), show ferromagnetic behaviour with Curie temperatures of up to 40K and the properties can be tuned by blending with other organic semiconductors. In particular, mixing n-type semiconducting materials such as fluorinated cobalt phthalocyanine (F16CoPc) and tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ) with the p-type magnetic metal phthalocyanines has great potential for both molecular electronics and spintronics. In this work, it was found that the paramagnetic F16CoPc becomes ferromagnetic in a blend with FePc and the coercivity of the compound can be tuned by the concentration. Furthermore, ferromagnetic MnPc films with significant coercivity were obtained by annealing of MnPc:TCNQ blends, which exhibit charge transfer from MnPc to TCNQ in the as-deposited state. Finally, the first spin valves based on FePc were produced and exceptionally large magnetoresistive effects were observed.
Coverage-dependent magnetic and electronic properties of graphene with Co adatoms
Creators: name: Gao, Min
name: Hu, Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Decorating two-dimensional materials with transition-metal adatoms is an effective way to bring about new physical properties that are intriguing for applications in electronics and spintronics devices. Here, we systematically studied the coverage-dependent magnetic and electronic properties of graphene decorated by Co adatoms, based on first-principles calculations. We found that the if the Co coverage is larger than 1/3 ML, the Co atoms will aggregate to form a Co monolayer and then a van der Waals bilayer system between the Co monolayer and graphene forms. When the Co coverage is <= 1/3 ML, the Co adatom is spin polarized with spin moment varying from 1.1 ~ 1.4 μB. The d(xz/yz) and d(xy/x2-y2 ) orbitals of Co hybridize significantly with the π bands of graphene, which generates a series of new bands in the energy range from -2 eV to 1 eV with respect to Dirac point of graphene. In most cases, the new bands near the Fermi level lead to topological states characterized by the quantum anomalous Hall effect.
Tumor- and circulating-free DNA methylation identifies clinically relevant small cell lung cancer subtypes.
Creators: name: Heeke, Simon
name: Gay, Carl M
name: Estecio, Marcos R
name: Tran, Hai
name: Morris, Benjamin B
name: Zhang, Bingnan
name: Tang, Ximing
name: Raso, Maria Gabriela
name: Rocha, Pedro
name: Lai, Siqi
name: Arriola, Edurne
name: Hofman, Paul
name: Hofman, Veronique
name: Kopparapu, Prasad
name: Lovly, Christine M
name: Concannon, Kyle
name: De Sousa, Luana Guimaraes
name: Lewis, Whitney Elisabeth
name: Kondo, Kimie
name: Hu, Xin
name: Tanimoto, Azusa
name: Vokes, Natalie I
name: Nilsson, Monique B
name: Stewart, Allison
name: Jansen, Maarten
name: Horváth, Ildikó
name: Gaga, Mina
name: Panagoulias, Vasileios
name: Raviv, Yael
name: Frumkin, Danny
name: Wasserstrom, Adam
name: Shuali, Aharona
name: Schnabel, Catherine A
name: Xi, Yuanxin
name: Diao, Lixia
name: Wang, Qi
name: Zhang, Jianjun
name: Van Loo, Peter
name: Wang, Jing
name: Wistuba, Ignacio I
name: Byers, Lauren A
name: Heymach, John V
Publisher: name: The Francis Crick Institute
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: Tumour Biology
subject: Tumour Biology
classificationCode: Ecology,Evolution & Ethology
subject: Ecology,Evolution & Ethology
classificationCode: Genetics & Genomics
subject: Genetics & Genomics
classificationCode: Computational & Systems Biology
subject: Computational & Systems Biology
classificationCode: Human Biology & Physiology
subject: Human Biology & Physiology

description: Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is an aggressive malignancy composed of distinct transcriptional subtypes, but implementing subtyping in the clinic has remained challenging, particularly due to limited tissue availability. Given the known epigenetic regulation of critical SCLC transcriptional programs, we hypothesized that subtype-specific patterns of DNA methylation could be detected in tumor or blood from SCLC patients. Using genomic-wide reduced-representation bisulfite sequencing (RRBS) in two cohorts totaling 179 SCLC patients and using machine learning approaches, we report a highly accurate DNA methylation-based classifier (SCLC-DMC) that can distinguish SCLC subtypes. We further adjust the classifier for circulating-free DNA (cfDNA) to subtype SCLC from plasma. Using the cfDNA classifier (cfDMC), we demonstrate that SCLC phenotypes can evolve during disease progression, highlighting the need for longitudinal tracking of SCLC during clinical treatment. These data establish that tumor and cfDNA methylation can be used to identify SCLC subtypes and might guide precision SCLC therapy.
Quantum Simulation of the Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev Model by Asymmetric Qubitization
Creators: name: Babbush, Ryan
name: Berry, Dominic
name: Neven, Hartmut
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that one can quantum simulate the dynamics of a Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev model with $N$ Majorana modes for time $t$ to precision $ε$ with gate complexity $O(N^{7/2} t + N^{5/2} t \,{\rm polylog}(N/ ε))$. In addition to scaling sublinearly in the number of Hamiltonian terms, this gate complexity represents an exponential improvement in $1/ε$ and large polynomial improvement in $N$ and $t$ over prior state-of-the-art algorithms which scale as $O(N^{10} t^2 / ε)$. Our approach involves a variant of the qubitization technique in which we encode the Hamiltonian $H$ as an asymmetric projection of a signal oracle $U$ onto two different signal states prepared by state oracles, $A\left\vert{0}\right\rangle \mapsto \left\vert{A}\right\rangle$ and $B \left\vert{0}\right\rangle \mapsto \left\vert{B}\right\rangle$, such that $H = \left\langle{B}\right\vert U\left\vert{A}\right\rangle$. Our strategy for applying this method to the Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev model involves realizing $B$ using only Hadamard gates and realizing $A$ as a random quantum circuit.
description: 8 pages, 1 figure. This version adds a more complete analysis in appendix
Understanding the link between amino acids and vascular function in cardiovascular inflammation and sepsis
Creators: name: Tesfai, Abel
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2018

description: Sepsis is a ‘life-threatening disease caused by a dysregulated host response to an infection’. Despite advancements, effective treatments and biomarkers have remained elusive. However, nitric oxide (NO) and related pathways are emerging as biomarkers/targets. NO levels are driven by amino acids, which cycle to regulate NO synthase (NOS) substrate L-arginine and inhibitors including asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA). Furthermore, the consequence of changes of plasma amine-constituents in sepsis, on NOS activity ex vivo is not known. Thus, in this thesis I used a well-defined clinical cohort to address the influence of sepsis on (i) the amine metabolome, (ii) the ability of plasma to ‘support’ NOS activity in a simple mouse cell bioassay and (iii) plasma amine-constituents and correlations to clinical outcome measures. The main results reported within this thesis include: (i) LPS-activated mouse macrophages provided a viable bioassay platform to test ‘NOS supporting activity’ in the presence of 100% human plasma. In sepsis, ‘NOS supporting activity’ of plasma was reduced, which corresponded to an increased ADMA:L-arginine ratio. Both ADMA and ADMA:L-arginine ratio also positively correlated to clinical scores of sepsis. Similarly, the ADMA:L-arginine ratio was increased in an in vivo mouse model of sepsis but unlike in humans this was driven entirely by reduced L-arginine. (ii) Analysis of gene expression in spleen and kidney tissues from LPS-treated mice revealed a complex interplay between pathways that utilise L-arginine and that generate/metabolise methylarginines. (iii) Using a novel ultra-high-performance mass spectrometry platform, 34 human plasma amines were quantified from sepsis patients, of which 21 amines were significantly altered and mapped to both canonical NOS pathways and L-arginine/L-glutamine degradation pathways. Taurine emerged as an important diagnostic (reduced in sepsis) and prognostic (reduced in survivors) indicator. (iv) Using a blood vessel bioassay demonstrated taurine augmented the vasoplegia induced by LPS and interferon.
Asymptotic analysis of discrete and continuous periodic media
Creators: name: Vanel, Alice
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2018

description: Mechanical mass-spring networks have long acted to motivate, and gain qualitative intuition, in solid-state physics, continuous media containing periodic arrays of inclu- sions such as phononic crystals, and more recently in metamaterials. While in some cases an exact or approximate analogy between the continuous model and its discrete representation can be systematically drawn, more often such analogies are introduced heuristically to aid interpretation with the lumped parameters estimated and accepted as qualitative. This thesis builds towards making the analogy exact; we first look at the discrete masses and springs lattices and apply multiple-scales methods directly to Green’s function integrals to extract the behaviour near critical frequencies. The features we uncover, and the asymptotics, are generic for many lattice structures. We then identify and study a new class of materials, two- and three- dimensional phononic crystals formed by closely spaced rigid cylinders or interconnected perforated boxes, respectively, and show that such materials constitute a versatile and tuneable family of subwavelength metamaterials. Intuitively, the voids and narrow gaps that characterise the crystals form an interconnected network of Helmholtz-like resonators. We use this intuition to argue that these continuous phononic crystals are in fact asymptotically equivalent, at low frequencies, to discrete mass-spring networks whose lumped param- eters we derive explicitly. The crystals are tantamount to metamaterials as their entire acoustic branch is squeezed into a subwavelength regime where the ratio of wavelength to period scales like the ratio of period to gap width raised to the power 1/4 in two dimensions and 1/2 in three dimensions; at yet larger wavelengths we accordingly find a comparably large effective refractive index. The fully analytical dispersion relations predicted by the discrete models yield dispersion curves that agree with those from finite-element simulations of the continuous crystals.
An Origin of the Huge Far-Infrared Luminosity of Starburst Mergers
Creators: name: Taniguchi, Yoshiaki
name: Ohyama, Youichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently Taniguchi and Ohyama found that the higher $^{12}$CO to $^{13}$CO integrated intensity ratios at a transition $J$=1--0, $R = I(^{12}$CO)$/I(^{13}$CO) $\gtrsim 20$, in a sample of starburst merging galaxies such as Arp 220 are mainly attributed to the depression of $^{13}$CO emission with respect to $^{12}$CO. Investigating the same sample of galaxies analyzed by Taniguchi & Ohyama, we find that there is a tight, almost linear correlation between the dust mass and $^{13}$CO luminosity. This implies that dust grains are also depressed in the high-$R$ starburst mergers, leading to the higher dust temperature ($T_{\rm d}$) in them because of the relative increase in the radiation density. Nevertheless, the average dust mass ($M_{\rm d}$) of the high-$R$ starburst mergers is higher significantly than that of non-high $R$ galaxies. This is naturally understood because the galaxy mergers could accumulate a lot of dust grains from their progenitor galaxies together with supply of dust grains formed newly in the star forming regions. Since $L$(FIR) $\propto M_{\rm d} T_{\rm d}^5$ given the dust emissivity law, $S_ν\propto λ^{-1}$, the increases in both $M_{\rm d}$ and $T_{\rm d}$ explain well why the starburst mergers are so bright in the FIR. We discuss that the superwind activity plays an important role in destroying dust grains as well as dense gas clouds in the central region of mergers.
description: 10 pages (aaspp4.sty), 3 postscript figures (embedded). Accepted for publication in Astrophysical Journal Letters
The Dynamics of Groups and Clusters of Galaxies and Links to Cosmology
Creators: name: Mamon, Gary A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The links between the internal structure of galaxy groups and clusters and cosmological parameters are reviewed here. The mass density profiles of clusters, inferred from both optical analyses of the galaxy surface number density profile coupled with internal kinematics, and from weak gravitational lensing, appear cuspy with inner density profiles at least as steep as $r^{-1}$, as is expected from high-resolution cosmological $N$-body simulations starting with scale-free or CDM initial conditions. The high level of substructure both in the galaxy distribution and in the diffuse hot gas seen in X-rays is consistent with dynamically young clusters and a cosmological density parameter $Ω_0 \gta 0.5$. Despite the importance of cluster-cluster merging witnessed by these substructures, the spherical top-hat cosmology appears to give good indications of the underlying physics of clusters and groups, including a fundamental evolutionary track in a space of observational parameters for groups. Dynamical processes operating in groups and clusters are reviewed. Previrialization of groups and clusters before their full collapse is not expected on theoretical grounds, and the ensemble of positions of compact groups, relative to the fundamental track is a potentially useful constraint on previrialization.
description: Invited review at 3rd Chalonge "Colloque Cosmologie", ed. H. de Vega & N. Sanchez (Singapore: World Scientific) added astro-ph cross-references
Upupa paradisea Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Upupiformes
Upupidae
Upupa
Upupa paradisea

description: Upupa paradisea [spec. nov.]
U. rectricibus duabus longissimis.
Avis paradisiaca Manucodiata cristata orientalis. Seb. mus. 1. p. 40. t. 30. f. 5.
Habitat in Asia.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 118, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
title: ADCO, Cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (XIVe siècle), Cart. 24 (G 137), 31 folios, f. 0039
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: Petot, Frédéric
name: CG21/F.PETOT/2011
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge
subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris
subject: cartulaire

description: Cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (XIVe siècle), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 24 (G 137), 31 folios, f. 0039, Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (XIVe siècle), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 24 (G 137), 31 folios, f. 0039, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https://manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: abbaye Saint-Étienne de Dijon
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q15945019