cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Transportation Usage and Characteristics of the Washington Warehouse/Distribution Center Industry
Creators: name: Pike, Quinton
name: Casavant, Ken
name: Jessup, Eric
name: Pike, Quinton
name: Casavant, Ken
name: Jessup, Eric
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: It is estimated that there are 21.6 million truck trips made each year on Washington state highways. It is further estimated that 45% of transported freight originated from or is destined for a warehouse or distribution center within the state. The growing amount of congestion within the state of Washington has prompted concern over the state’s ability to anticipate and provide for current and future freight transportation infrastructure needs. The objective of this study was to determine freight mobility issues for the Warehouse/Distribution Center industry in Washington State. The scope of this project was primarily two-fold:, to assess the operations of Warehouse/Distribution Centers and to evaluate infrastructure adequacy, and identify deficiencies and investment needs related to transportation. The sample used for this study was compiled from local, county, state, and federal agencies. Collected information was categorized by the Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) or North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) codes associated with industries that operate in the storage and distribution of freight. The data collection method chosen for this study was a mail survey. The survey questionnaire and subsequent analysis were divided into four sections: Warehouse Operations, Inter-modal Systems, International Trade, and Other Transportation Related Issues. The information collected includes the following: 􀂃 Warehouse/distribution center characteristics (hours of operation, square footage of facility, and type of products handled) 􀂃 Daily time distribution of inbound and outbound shipments 􀂃 Mode distribution among inbound and outbound shipments 􀂃 Key routes utilized for inbound and outbound shipments 􀂃 Country of origin and destination of products 􀂃 Mode distribution among imports and exports 􀂃 Ranking of transportation issues 􀂃 Indicators of freight chokepoints The paper provides an analysis and overview of the operations and needs of the warehouse/distribution center industry in the state of Washington.
mRNA structural elements immediately upstream of the start codon dictate dependence upon eIF4A helicase activity
Creators: name: Waldron, Joseph A.
name: Tack, David C.
name: Ritchey, Laura E.
name: Gillen, Sarah L.
name: Wilczynska, Ania
name: Turro, Ernest
name: Bevilacqua, Philip C.
name: Assmann, Sarah M.
name: Bushell, Martin
name: Le Quesne, John
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: Research
eIF4A
RNA structure
Hippuristanol
Translation
Translation initiation
Cancer
Structure-seq
DMS
Polysome profiling
G-quadruplexes

description: Abstract: Background: The RNA helicase eIF4A1 is a key component of the translation initiation machinery and is required for the translation of many pro-oncogenic mRNAs. There is increasing interest in targeting eIF4A1 therapeutically in cancer, thus understanding how this protein leads to the selective re-programming of the translational landscape is critical. While it is known that eIF4A1-dependent mRNAs frequently have long GC-rich 5′UTRs, the details of how 5′UTR structure is resculptured by eIF4A1 to enhance the translation of specific mRNAs are unknown. Results: Using Structure-seq2 and polysome profiling, we assess global mRNA structure and translational efficiency in MCF7 cells, with and without eIF4A inhibition with hippuristanol. We find that eIF4A inhibition does not lead to global increases in 5′UTR structure, but rather it leads to 5′UTR remodeling, with localized gains and losses of structure. The degree of these localized structural changes is associated with 5′UTR length, meaning that eIF4A-dependent mRNAs have greater localized gains of structure due to their increased 5′UTR length. However, it is not solely increased localized structure that causes eIF4A-dependency but the position of the structured regions, as these structured elements are located predominantly at the 3′ end of the 5′UTR. Conclusions: By measuring changes in RNA structure following eIF4A inhibition, we show that eIF4A remodels local 5′UTR structures. The location of these structural elements ultimately determines the dependency on eIF4A, with increased structure just upstream of the CDS being the major limiting factor in translation, which is overcome by eIF4A activity.
The Physical Origins of the Identified and Still Missing Components of the Warm-Hot Intergalactic Medium: Insights from Deep Surveys in the Field of Blazar 1ES1553+113
Creators: name: Johnson, Sean D.
name: Mulchaey, John S.
name: Chen, Hsiao-Wen
name: Wijers, Nastasha A.
name: Connor, Thomas
name: Muzahid, Sowgat
name: Schaye, Joop
name: Cen, Renyue
name: Carlsten, Scott G.
name: Charlton, Jane
name: Drout, Maria R.
name: Goulding, Andy D.
name: Hansen, Terese T.
name: Walth, Gregory L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The relationship between galaxies and the state/chemical enrichment of the warm-hot intergalactic medium (WHIM) expected to dominate the baryon budget at low-z provides sensitive constraints on structure formation and galaxy evolution models. We present a deep redshift survey in the field of 1ES1553+113, a blazar with a unique combination of UV+X-ray spectra for surveys of the circum-/intergalactic medium (CGM/IGM). Nicastro et al. 2018 reported the detection of two O VII WHIM absorbers at $z=0.4339$ and $0.3551$ in its spectrum, suggesting that the WHIM is metal-rich and sufficient to close the missing baryons problem. Our survey indicates that the blazar is a member of a $z=0.433$ group and that the higher-$z$ O VII candidate arises from its intragroup medium. The resulting bias precludes its use in baryon censuses. The $z=0.3551$ candidate occurs in an isolated environment 630 kpc from the nearest galaxy (with stellar mass $\log M_*/M_\odot \approx 9.7$) which we show is unexpected for the WHIM. Finally, we characterize the galactic environments of broad H I Ly$α$ absorbers (Doppler widths of $b=40-80$ \kms; $T\lesssim4\times10^5$ K) which provide metallicity independent WHIM probes. On average, broad Ly$α$, absorbers are ${\approx}2\times$ closer to the nearest luminous ($L>0.25 L_*$) galaxy (700 kpc) than narrow ($b<30$ \kms; $T\lesssim4\times10^5$ K) ones (1300 kpc) but ${\approx}2\times$ further than O\,VI absorbers (350 kpc). These observations suggest that gravitational collapse heats portions of the IGM to form the WHIM but with feedback that does not enrich the IGM far beyond galaxy/group halos to levels currently observable in UV/X-ray metal lines.
description: Accepted to ApJ Letters; 10 pages, 4 figures, 1 table with the full version available on the journal webpage (or by request); v2 corrects one reference
The transport of liquids in softwood: timber as a model porous medium
Creators: name: Burridge, H. C.
name: Wu, G.
name: Reynolds, T.
name: Shah, D. U.
name: Johnston, R.
name: Scherman, O. A.
name: Ramage, M. H.
name: Linden, P. F.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: Article
/639/166
/639/166/986
/639/766/189
article

description: Abstract: Timber is the only widely used construction material we can grow. The wood from which it comes has evolved to provide structural support for the tree and to act as a conduit for fluid flow. These flow paths are crucial for engineers to exploit the full potential of timber, by allowing impregnation with liquids that modify the properties or resilience of this natural material. Accurately predicting the transport of these liquids enables more efficient industrial timber treatment processes to be developed, thereby extending the scope to use this sustainable construction material; moreover, it is of fundamental scientific value — as a fluid flow within a natural porous medium. Both structural and transport properties of wood depend on its micro-structure but, while a substantial body of research relates the structural performance of wood to its detailed architecture, no such knowledge exists for the transport properties. We present a model, based on increasingly refined geometric parameters, that accurately predicts the time-dependent ingress of liquids within softwood timber, thereby addressing this long-standing scientific challenge. Moreover, we show that for the minimalistic parameterisation the model predicts ingress with a square-root-of-time behaviour. However, experimental data show a potentially significant departure from this t behaviour — a departure which is successfully predicted by our more advanced parametrisation. Our parameterisation of the timber microstructure was informed by computed tomographic measurements; model predictions were validated by comparison with experimental data. We show that accurate predictions require statistical representation of the variability in the timber pore space. The collapse of our dimensionless experimental data demonstrates clear potential for our results to be up-scaled to industrial treatment processes.
Additional file 4 of Sequence imputation from low density single nucleotide polymorphism panel in a black poplar breeding population
Creators: name: Pégard, Marie
name: Rogier, Odile
name: Bérard, Aurélie
name: Faivre-Rampant, Patricia
name: Marie-Christine Paslier
name: Bastien, Catherine
name: Jorge, Véronique
name: Sánchez, Leopoldo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Variation of the three different estimates of imputation quality at the SNP level (Props (Green), lbProps (Purple), cProps (Orange)), as a function of different classes of minor allele frequency (FreqOri). (PDF 42.3 kb)
Scanning the structure of ill-known spaces: Part 2. Principles of construction of physical space
Creators: name: Bounias, Michel
name: Krasnoholovets, Volodymyr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spacetime is represented by ordered sequences of topologically closed Poincare sections of the primary space constructed of primary empty cells. These mappings are constrained to provide homeomorphic structures serving as frames of reference in order to account for the successive positions of any objects present in the system. Mappings from one to the next section involve morphisms of the general structures. Discrete properties of the lattice allow the prediction of scales at which microscopic to cosmic structures should occur. Deformations of primary cells by exchange of empty set cells allow a cell to be mapped into an image cell in the next section as far as mapped cells remain homeomorphic. If a deformation involves a fractal transformation to objects, there occurs a change in the dimension of the cell and the homeomorphism is not conserved. The fractal kernel stands for a "particle" and the reduction of its volume is compensated by morphic changes of a finite number of surrounding cells. Quanta of distances and quanta of fractality are demonstrated. The interaction of a moving particle-like deformation with the surrounding lattice involves a fractal decomposition process that supports the existence and properties of previously postulated inerton clouds as associated to particles. Experimental evidence and further possibilities of the existence of inertons are proposed.
description: Journal version, 30 pp., 4 figures. To appear in "Kybernetes: The Int. J. for Systems & Cybernetics" in a special issue on new theories on space and time
Framework for a Disaggregate Truck Trip Generation Model Based on a Survey of Retail Businesses
Creators: name: Shin, Hyeon-Shic
name: Kawamura, Kazuya
name: Shin, Hyeon-Shic
name: Kawamura, Kazuya
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: While considerable strides have been made in forecasting truck travel demand in the past several years, there remain several critical gaps that need to be addressed. The new trends in goods movements like the growth of e-commerce and distribution systems will likely affect the patterns of truck trip generation. Through an extensive literature review, it was found that past truck trip generation analyses used only aggregate variables or proxies of economic activities such as land use types, number of employees, and the gross floor space. Such analyses only indicate the relative importance of trip generators at a general level and ignore the influence of business management and operations decisions such as sales, types of goods, various physical constraints of stores, and socioeconomic characteristics surrounding communities. Preliminary interviews with the experts from a manufacturing plant, a trucking company, and two logistics and supply chain solution providers were conducted. Based on the interviews and literature review, a conceptual framework of truck trip generation analysis has been developed. This paper argues that the truck trip generation should be estimated at the individual facility level because the number and type of freight truck trips are the outcome of a series of decisions about products, sales, locations, delivery times, and frequencies, where the strategic and tactical decisions are made in order to maximize the facility’s efficiency and profit by minimizing costs. As an issue paper, this paper reports the experience from an ongoing effort of modeling truck trip generation. First, the paper describes the current trends of truck dominance in freight shipments and its relevance to the current research. Second, a brief discussion of the definition of truck trip generation is followed by the summary of the literature regarding TTG models used in past studies. Then the paper provides the new framework of truck trip generation analysis that is based on the findings from the literature review, studies on business behavior and preliminary interviews. Before concluding, the most difficult task for this study, data requirement and collection strategies are discussed. The paper ends with the discussions on expected outcomes, implications, and contributions of the study.
Layered material platform for surface plasmon resonance biosensing
Creators: name: Wu, F.
name: Thomas, P. A.
name: Kravets, V. G.
name: Arola, H. O.
name: Soikkeli, M.
name: Iljin, K.
name: Kim, G.
name: Kim, M.
name: Shin, H. S.
name: Andreeva, D. V.
name: Neumann, C.
name: Küllmer, M.
name: Turchanin, A.
name: De Fazio, D.
name: Balci, O.
name: Babenko, V.
name: Luo, B.
name: Goykhman, I.
name: Hofmann, S.
name: Ferrari, A. C.
name: Novoselov, K. S.
name: Grigorenko, A. N.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: Article
/639/925/918/1054
/639/624/1107/510
/132/122
/128
/134
/9/10
article

description: Abstract: Plasmonic biosensing has emerged as the most sensitive label-free technique to detect various molecular species in solutions and has already proved crucial in drug discovery, food safety and studies of bio-reactions. This technique relies on surface plasmon resonances in ~50 nm metallic films and the possibility to functionalize the surface of the metal in order to achieve selectivity. At the same time, most metals corrode in bio-solutions, which reduces the quality factor and darkness of plasmonic resonances and thus the sensitivity. Furthermore, functionalization itself might have a detrimental effect on the quality of the surface, also reducing sensitivity. Here we demonstrate that the use of graphene and other layered materials for passivation and functionalization broadens the range of metals which can be used for plasmonic biosensing and increases the sensitivity by 3-4 orders of magnitude, as it guarantees stability of a metal in liquid and preserves the plasmonic resonances under biofunctionalization. We use this approach to detect low molecular weight HT-2 toxins (crucial for food safety), achieving phase sensitivity~0.5 fg/mL, three orders of magnitude higher than previously reported. This proves that layered materials provide a new platform for surface plasmon resonance biosensing, paving the way for compact biosensors for point of care testing.
G-0.02-0.07, the Compact HII Region Complex nearest to the Galactic Center with ALMA
Creators: name: Tsuboi, Masato
name: Kitamura, Yoshimi
name: Uehara, Kenta
name: Miyazaki, Atsushi
name: Miyawaki, Ryosuke
name: Tsutsumi, Takahiro
name: Miyoshi, Makoto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have observed the compact HII region complex nearest to the dynamical center of the Galaxy, G-0.02-0.07, using ALMA in the H42a recombination line, CS J=2-1, H13CO+ J=1-0, and SiO v=0, J=2-1 emission lines, and 86 GHz continuum emission. The HII regions HII-A to HII-C in the cluster are clearly resolved into a shell-like feature with a bright-half and a dark-half in the recombination line and continuum emission. The absorption features in the molecular emission lines show that HII-A, B and C are located on the near side of the 50 km/s Molecular Cloud (50MC) but HII-D is located on the far side. The electron temperatures and densities range Te=5150-5920 K and ne=950-2340 cm-3, respectively. The electron temperatures on the bright-half are slightly lower than those on the dark-half, while the electron densities on the bright-half are slightly higher than those on the dark-half. The HII regions are located on the molecular filaments in the 50MC. They have already broken through the filaments and are growing in the surrounding molecular gas. There are some shocked molecular gas components around the HII regions. From line width of the H42a recombination line, the expansion velocities from HII-A to HII-D are estimated to be Vexp=16.7, 11.6, 11.1, and 12.1 km/s, respectively. The expansion timescales from HII-A to HII-D are estimated to be Tage~1.4x0^4, 1.7x10^4, 2.0x10^4, and 0.7x10^4 years, respectively. The spectral types of the central stars from HII-A to HII-D are estimated to be O8V, O9.5V, O9V, and B0V, respectively. The positional relation among the HII regions, the SiO molecule enhancement area, and Class-I maser spots suggest that the shock wave caused by a cloud-cloud collision propagated along the line from HII-C to HII-A in the 50MC. The shock wave would trigger the massive star formation.
description: 33 pages, 13 figures, 3 tables. Accepted for publication in PASJ
Modeling Electrical Percolation to optimize the Electromechanical Properties of CNT/Polymer Composites in Highly Stretchable Fiber Strain Sensors
Creators: name: Jung, Sungmin
name: Choi, Hyung Woo
name: Mocanu, Felix Cosmin
name: Shin, Dong-Wook
name: Chowdhury, Mohamed Foysol
name: Han, Soo Deok
name: Suh, Yo-Han
name: Cho, Yuljae
name: Lee, Hanleem
name: Fan, Xiangbing
name: Bang, Sang Yun
name: Zhan, Shijie
name: Yang, Jiajie
name: Hou, Bo
name: Chun, Young Tea
name: Lee, Sanghyo
name: Occhipinti, Luigi Giuseppe
name: Kim, Jong Min
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: Article
/639/301/1034/1037
/639/925/357/73
/128
/129
/119
article

description: Abstract: A simulation model of electrical percolation through a three-dimensional network of curved CNTs is developed in order to analyze the electromechanical properties of a highly stretchable fiber strain sensor made of a CNT/polymer composite. Rigid-body movement of the curved CNTs within the polymer matrix is described analytically. Random arrangements of CNTs within the composite are generated by a Monte-Carlo simulation method and a union-find algorithm is utilized to investigate the network percolation. Consequently, the strain-induced resistance change curves are obtained in a wide strain range of the composite. In order to compare our model with experimental results, two CNT/polymer composite fibers were fabricated and tested as strain sensors. Their effective CNT volume fractions are estimated by comparing the experimental data with our simulation model. The results confirm that the proposed simulation model reproduces well the experimental data and is useful for predicting and optimizing the electromechanical characteristics of highly stretchable fiber strain sensors based on CNT/polymer composites.
Enzymatic hydrolysis of methyl esters catalyzed by free liquid lipases for the production of fatty acids
Creators: name: Gourich, Wail
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 310601
subject: Biocatalysis and enzyme technology
classificationCode: 400403
subject: Chemical engineering design
classificationCode: 310602
subject: Bioprocessing, bioproduction and bioproducts
classificationCode: 340601
subject: Catalysis and mechanisms of reactions
classificationCode: 310106
subject: Enzymes

description: Fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) and fatty acid (FA) are important oleochemical intermediates. The conversion of FA to FAME via esterification is well-established, but not the reverse conversion of FAME to FA. From past literature, FAME can be hydrolyzed to FA using acid catalysts. However, acid catalysts are corrosive and require harsh operating temperatures and pressures. Recently, enzymes have emerged as greener catalysts for oleochemical production. As such, this thesis reports the development of an enzymatic FAME hydrolysis process using free liquid lipases. These findings could potentially inspire the future development of an alternative process route for industrial-scale FA production.
Additional file 1: of Estimating policy-relevant health effects of ambient heat exposures using spatially contiguous reanalysis data
Creators: name: Temilayo Adeyeye
name: Tabassum Insaf
name: Al-Hamdan, Mohammad
name: Nayak, Seema
name: Stuart, Neil
name: DiRienzo, Stephen
name: Crosson, William
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Marine Biology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Supplementary document. (DOCX 1220 kb)
Near wall patch representation of wall bounded turbulence
Creators: name: Carney, Sean P.
name: Engquist, Björn
name: Moser, Robert D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent experimental and computational studies indicate that near wall turbulent flows can be characterized by universal small scale autonomous dynamics that are modulated by large scale structures. We formulate numerical simulations of near wall turbulence in a small domain localized to the boundary, whose size scales in viscous units. To mimic the environment in which the near wall turbulence evolves, our formulation accounts for the flux of mean momentum through the upper boundary of the domain. Comparisons of the model's two dimensional energy spectra and low order single-point statistics with the corresponding quantities computed from zero and mild favorable pressure gradient direct numerical simulations indicate it successfully captures the dynamics of the small scale near wall turbulence.
What Makes them Viable? Determining the Attributes that Offer Potential Viability to Inter-Modal Truck-Rail Facilities in Washington State
Creators: name: Casavant, Ken
name: Jessup, Eric
name: Casavant, Ken
name: Jessup, Eric
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: Efficient freight mobility is the result of successfully balancing the demand for transportation capacity and service with the quantity supplied of those services and capacities. A growing number of communities and economic interests in the state of Washington recognized that efficient freight movement is directly associated with the health of their local and regional economies. As a result, state and local governments are being asked to improve freight mobility through operational improvements and new public infrastructure. Inter-modal truck-rail facilities, where goods are transferred from truck to rail or vice-versa, for shipment to domestic markets or through gateways to international markets, are offered, or sought, as a means of improving the freight movement in the area. Proposed public investment in such inter-modal facilities raises at least two questions: Will the facility succeed in the private market place by generating a sustaining return as a commercial investment? And, is any public investment justified based on the public benefits involved? It is the combination of internal efficiencies and external competition that will affect the economic viability of the inter-modal facility itself. A great deal of information and analysis is needed to identify these necessary attributes and those operating characteristics that “would or could” produce private economic viability and, if necessary, a requited rate of return on public investment. This paper reports on the development of an applied methodology for determining the potential economic viability of inter-modal truck-rail facilities in Washington State. The focus is on discerning the attributes, characteristics or market situations that are associated with successful projects, thereby suggesting a framework for economic feasibility analysis, from both the public and private view, of an inter-modal truck-rail facility. A conceptual approach and general model of investigation is first developed in the paper. A focused review of literature followed by a summary of actual and active inter-modal centers allows the development of a series of case studies/models, chosen as examples of facilities performing differing functions in the overall supply chain for exports and imports. These are then combined with a list of attributes that are useful, even critical, to viability, allowing prioritization of the attributes for each type of case study. This then leads to the conclusions and implications of the paper.
RORγt + Treg to Th17 ratios correlate with susceptibility to Giardia infection
Creators: name: Yordanova, Ivet A.
name: Cortés, Alba
name: Klotz, Christian
name: Kühl, Anja A.
name: Heimesaat, Markus M.
name: Cantacessi, Cinzia
name: Hartmann, Susanne
name: Rausch, Sebastian
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: Article
/631/250/2152/1566
/631/250/347
/631/326/417/2546
/9
/13
/13/1
/13/21
/13/31
/14/34
/14/63
/38/77
/38/90
/38/91
/64/60
article

description: Funder: Fundacion Alfonso Martin Escudero
description: Funder: RCUK | Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC); doi: https://doi.org/10.13039/501100000268
description: Funder: Isaac Newton Trust; doi: https://doi.org/10.13039/501100004815
description: Abstract: Infections with Giardia are among the most common causes of food and water-borne diarrheal disease worldwide. Here, we investigated Th17, Treg and IgA responses, and alterations in gut microbiota in two mouse lines with varying susceptibility to Giardia muris infection. Infected BALB/c mice shed significantly more cysts compared with C57BL/6 mice. Impaired control of infection in BALB/c mice was associated with lower Th17 activity and lower IgA levels compared with C57BL/6 mice. The limited metabolic activity, proliferation and cytokine production of Th17 cells in BALB/c mice was associated with higher proportions of intestinal Foxp3+RORγt+ regulatory T cells and BALB/c mice developed increased RORγt+ Treg:Th17 ratios in response to G. muris infection. Furthermore, G. muris colonization led to a significantly reduced evenness in the gut microbial communities of BALB/c mice. Our data indicate that differential susceptibility to Giardia infections may be related to RORγt+ Treg controlling Th17 activity and that changes in the microbiota composition upon Giardia infection partially depend on the host background.
The critical role of the interaction potential and simulation protocol for the structural and mechanical properties of sodosilicate glasses
Creators: name: Zhang, Zhen
name: Ispas, Simona
name: Kob, Walter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compare the ability of various interaction potentials to predict the structural and mechanical properties of silica and sodium silicate glasses. While most structural quantities show a relatively mild dependence on the potential used, the mechanical properties such as the failure stress and strain as well as the elastic moduli depend very strongly on the potential, once finite size effects have been taken into account. We find that to avoid such finite size effects, samples of at least 75,000 atoms are needed. Finally we probe how the simulation ensemble influences the fracture properties of the glasses and conclude that fracture simulations should be carried out in the constant pressure ensemble.
description: Minor corrections. An additional figure (current Fig. 3) and correction in Tab. I (interchange of SiO and OO parameters' lines)
Pseudosmittia invirgata Andersen, Saether et Mendes. C 2010
Creators: name: Ferrington Jr, Leonard C.
name: Saether, Ole A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Chironomidae
Pseudosmittia
Pseudosmittia invirgata

description: Pseudosmittia invirgata Andersen, Saether et Mendes
(Fig. 112 A, B)
 Pseudosmittia invirgata Andersen, Saether et Mendes, 2010: 43.
 Material examined: MEXICO: Campeche, Calakmul, aquada pequena, 1 km NE Hormiguero, 18º24’10.9’’N 89º29’13.8’’W, 300 m a.s.l., Malaise, holotype male, 6–7.v.1997, A. Contreras et al. (ZMBN Type No. 426). Other material as in Andersen et al. (2010: 43).
 Diagnostic characters: The absence of a virga and the broad median volsella will separate the male imago from P. forcipata.
 This Mexican species is described in detail in Andersen et al. (2010: 43).
description: Published as part of Ferrington Jr, Leonard C. & Saether, Ole A., 2011, A revision of the genera Pseudosmittia Edwards, 1932, Allocladius Kieffer, 1913, and Hydrosmittia gen. n. (Diptera: Chironomidae, Orthocladiinae) 2849, pp. 1-314 in Zootaxa 2849 (1) on page 288, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2849.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5288200
Schroedinger uncertainty relation and its minimization states
Creators: name: Trifonov, D. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An introductory survey on the Schroedinger uncertainty relation and its minimization states is presented with minimal number of formulas and some historical points. The case of the two canonical observables, position and momentum, is discussed in greater detail: basic properties of the two subsets of minimization states (canonical squeezed and coherent states) are reviewed and compared. The case of two non-canonical observables is breafly outlined. Stanfard SU(1,1) and SU(2) group-related coherent states can be defined as states that minimize Schroedinger inequality for the three pairs of generators simultaneously. The symmetry of the Heisenberg and Schroedinger relations is also discussed, and two natural generalizations to the cases of several observables and several states are noted.
description: Latex, 10 pages, 3 figures. Introductory review (on the occasion of the 70th anniversary of Schroedinger original paper)
Structure determination of the (3sqrt{3}x3sqrt{3}) reconstructed alpha-Al_2O_3(0001)
Creators: name: Vilfan, Igor
name: Deutsch, Thierry
name: Lancon, Frederic
name: Renaud, Gilles
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Grazing-incidence X-ray diffraction data are combined with energy-minimization calculations to analyse the atomic structure of the Al-rich (3sqrt{3} x 3sqrt{3})R 30 deg reconstructed surface of sapphire alpha-Al_2O_3(0001). The experiments on the BM32 beamline of the ESRF provide the non-integer-order diffraction intensities and, after Fourier transform, an incomplete Patterson map. The computer simulations are implemented to obtain structural information from this map. In the simulations, the interactions between the Al overlayer atoms were described with the Sutton-Chen potential and the interactions between the overlayer and the sapphire substrate with a laterally modulated Lennard-Jones potential. We have shown that the hexagonal reconstructed unit cell is composed of triangles where the two layers of Al adatoms are FCC(111) ordered whereas between the triangles the stacking is FCC(001).
description: 9 pages, incl. 4 figures; submitted to Surface Science Letters
Modelling and Measurement of Charge Transfer in Multiple GEM Structures
Creators: name: Killenberg, M.
name: Lotze, S.
name: Mnich, J.
name: Roth, S.
name: Schulte, R.
name: Sobloher, B.
name: Struczinski, W.
name: Tonutti, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Measurements and numerical simulations on the charge transfer in Gas Electron Multiplier (GEM) foils are presented and their implications for the usage of GEM foils in Time Projection Chambers are discussed. A small test chamber has been constructed and operated with up to three GEM foils. The charge transfer parameters derived from the electrical currents monitored during the irradiation with an Fe-55 source are compared with numerical simulations. The performance in magnetic fields up to 2 T is also investigated.
description: 21 pages, 16 figures, submitted to NIM-A
Extensive recombination challenges the utility of Sugarcane mosaic virus phylogeny and strain typing
Creators: name: Braidwood, Luke
name: Müller, Sebastian Y.
name: Baulcombe, David
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: Article
/631/181/757
/631/326/596/2554
/45/91
/45/90
article

description: Abstract: Sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV) is distributed worldwide and infects three major crops: sugarcane, maize, and sorghum. The impact of SCMV is increased by its interaction with Maize chlorotic mottle virus which causes the synergistic maize disease maize lethal necrosis. Here, we characterised maize lethal necrosis-infected maize from multiple sites in East Africa, and found that SCMV was present in all thirty samples. This distribution pattern indicates that SCMV is a major partner virus in the East African maize lethal necrosis outbreak. Consistent with previous studies, our SCMV isolates were highly variable with several statistically supported recombination hot- and cold-spots across the SCMV genome. The recombination events generate conflicting phylogenetic signals from different fragments of the SCMV genome, so it is not appropriate to group SCMV genomes by simple similarity.
How Do Galaxies Get Their Gas?
Creators: name: Katz, Neal
name: Keres, Dusan
name: Dave, Romeel
name: Weinberg, David H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Not the way one might have thought. In hydrodynamic simulations of galaxy formation, some gas follows the traditionally envisioned route, shock heating to the halo virial temperature before cooling to the much lower temperature of the neutral ISM. But most gas enters galaxies without ever heating close to the virial temperature, gaining thermal energy from weak shocks and adiabatic compression, and radiating it just as quickly. This ``cold mode'' accretion is channeled along filaments, while the conventional, ``hot mode'' accretion is quasi-spherical. Cold mode accretion dominates high redshift growth by a substantial factor, while at z<1 the overall accretion rate declines and hot mode accretion has greater relative importance. The decline of the cosmic star formation rate at low z is driven largely by geometry, as the typical cross section of filaments begins to exceed that of the galaxies at their intersections.
description: 7 pages, 1 figure. To be published in the proceedings of the IGM/Galaxy Connection- The Distribution of Baryons at z=0 conference
Numerical simulation of magnetic reconnection around a black hole
Creators: name: Inda-Koide, Mika
name: Koide, Shinji
name: Morino, Ryogo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We performed numerical simulations of general relativistic magnetohydrodynamics with uniform resistivity to investigatethe occurrence of magnetic reconnection in a split-monopole magnetic field around a Schwarzschild black hole. We found that magnetic reconnection happens near the black hole at its equatorial plane. The magnetic reconnection has a point-like reconnection region and slow shock waves, as in the Petschek reconnection model. The magnetic reconnection rate decreases as the resistivity becomes smaller. When the global magnetic Reynolds number is $10^4$ or larger, the magnetic reconnection rate increases linearly with time from $2 τ_{\rm S}$ to $\sim 10 τ_{\rm S}$ ($τ_{\rm S}=r_{\rm S}/c, r_{\rm S}$ is the Schwarzschild radius and $c$ is the speed of light). The linear increase of the reconnection rate agrees with the magnetic reconnection in the Rutherford regime of the tearing mode instability.
description: 22 pages, 9 Figures
Quasiparticle States at a d-Wave Vortex Core in High-Tc Superconductors: Induction of Local Spin Density Wave Order
Creators: name: Zhu, Jian-Xin
name: Ting, C. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The local density of states (LDOS) at one of the vortex lattice cores in a high Tc superconductor is studied by using a self-consistent mean field theory including interactions for both antiferromagnetism (AF) and d-wave superconductivity (DSC). The parameters are chosen in such a way that in an optimally doped sample the AF order is completely suppressed while DSC prevails. In the mixed state, we show that the local AF-like SDW order appears near the vortex core and acts as an effective local magnetic field on the quasiparticles. As a result, the LDOS at the core exhibits a double-peak structure near the Fermi level that is in good agreement with the STM observations on YBCO and BSCCO. The presence of local AF order near the votex core is also consistent with the recent neutron scattering experiment on LSCO.
description: 4 pages, 2 ps figures
River mining – pushing the limits of passive remediation for metal recovery from acid mine drainage affected waterways
Creators: name: Herzog, Tamara Lee
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 410303
subject: Bioremediation
classificationCode: 401199
subject: Environmental engineering not elsewhere classified

description: Water pollution caused by legacy mining activities can contain high concentrations of dissolved metals. My thesis investigates how we might 'mine' those metals from this polluted water to increase resource recovery and reduce negative environmental impacts. I experimented with alkaline materials to drop the concentration of metals like iron and aluminium, which can impede other systems’ performance. I then used plants and biochar to ‘mine’ the metals from the polluted water as 'river mining' systems with the hope that high-value metals would be accumulated. Unfortunately, the systems I investigated were not economically viable, but do provide good evidence for ‘river mining’.
C. elegans expressing D76N β 2 -microglobulin: a model for in vivo screening of drug candidates targeting amyloidosis
Creators: name: Faravelli, Giulia
name: Raimondi, Sara
name: Marchese, Loredana
name: Partridge, Frederick A.
name: Soria, Cristina
name: Mangione, P. Patrizia
name: Canetti, Diana
name: Perni, Michele
name: Aprile, Francesco A.
name: Zorzoli, Irene
name: Di Schiavi, Elia
name: Lomas, David A.
name: Bellotti, Vittorio
name: Sattelle, David B.
name: Giorgetti, Sofia
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: Article
/631/45
/631/1647
/82
/82/16
/82/29
/64/11
/38/89
/38/77
/45/22
/45/23
/45/29
/45/44
/82/1
article

description: Funder: Ministero dell'Istruzione, dell'Università e della Ricerca Dipartimenti di Eccellenza 2018-2022 grant to the Molecular Medicine Department (University of Pavia)
description: Abstract: The availability of a genetic model organism with which to study key molecular events underlying amyloidogenesis is crucial for elucidating the mechanism of the disease and the exploration of new therapeutic avenues. The natural human variant of β2-microglobulin (D76N β2-m) is associated with a fatal familial form of systemic amyloidosis. Hitherto, no animal model has been available for studying in vivo the pathogenicity of this protein. We have established a transgenic C. elegans line, expressing the human D76N β2-m variant. Using the INVertebrate Automated Phenotyping Platform (INVAPP) and the algorithm Paragon, we were able to detect growth and motility impairment in D76N β2-m expressing worms. We also demonstrated the specificity of the β2-m variant in determining the pathological phenotype by rescuing the wild type phenotype when β2-m expression was inhibited by RNA interference (RNAi). Using this model, we have confirmed the efficacy of doxycycline, an inhibitor of the aggregation of amyloidogenic proteins, in rescuing the phenotype. In future, this C. elegans model, in conjunction with the INVAPP/Paragon system, offers the prospect of high-throughput chemical screening in the search for new drug candidates.
Jugendliches Engagement für den Umweltschutz an Klimaschulen: Eine Interviewstudie zu Einflussfaktoren auf das Engagement im Umweltschutz aus der Sicht von Jugendlichen
Creators: name: Geier, Andrina
Publisher: name: Pädagogische Hochschule Zürich
Year: 2024
Subjects: Jugendliches Engagement im Umweltschut
Selbstwirksamkeit
Emotionen
soziale Faktoren
Rolle der Schule
Klimaschulprojekt

description: Eine der grössten Herausforderungen der heutigen Zeit ist zweifellos die Klimakrise und ihre weitreichenden negativen Effekte auf unsere Umwelt. An vielen Orten der Welt sowie auch in der Schweiz sind die Veränderungen des Klimas bereits spürbar: Gletscher schmelzen, Temperaturen steigen und extreme Wetterereignisse häufen sich. Diese Veränderungen betreffen insbesondere die junge Generation, welche mit den langfristigen Folgen des Klimawandels konfrontiert wird. Um diesen Folgen entgegenzuwirken, bedarf es eines verstärkten Engagements im Umweltschutz, insbesondere von Jugendlichen, da sie als zukünftige Entscheidungsträger:innen eine wesentliche Rolle spielen. 

Diese Masterarbeit untersucht die Faktoren, die das Engagement von Jugendlichen im Umweltschutz beeinflussen, wobei auch das Klimaschulprojekt von MYBLUEPLANET eine wichtige Rolle spielt. Im Rahmen einer qualitativen Untersuchung wurden sieben Jugendliche der Sekundarschule Gelterkinden befragt, die sich entweder im Klimarat engagieren oder nicht. Die Ergebnisse verdeutlichen, dass individuelle und kollektive Selbstwirksamkeit, positive Emotionen, soziale Faktoren wie Peers und Erziehungsberechtigte sowie die Rolle der Schule entscheidende Einflussfaktoren darstellen. Der soziale Druck, mangelndes Wissen und Vorbilder, welche sich selbst nicht engagieren, können jedoch auch hemmend auf das Engagement im Umweltschutz wirken. 

Im Hinblick auf die Schule hat sich herausgestellt, dass Lehrpersonen und externe Organisationen wie MYBLUEPLANET wichtige Akteure bei der Förderung des Engagements spielen. Ein authentisches Vorbildverhalten von Lehrpersonen und eine regelmässige Thematisierung von Umweltthemen tragen dazu bei, das Umweltbewusstsein der Jugendlichen zu schärfen und ihr Engagement zu steigern. Die Zusammenarbeit mit externen Projekten, wie dem Klimaschulprojekt von MYBLUEPLANET, bietet Schulen wertvolle Unterstützung bei der Umsetzung von Bildung für nachhaltige Entwicklung. Solche Kooperationen ermöglichen es, praxisorientierte Ansätze in die Schulkultur zu integrieren, die den Jugendlichen konkrete Handlungsmöglichkeiten aufzeigen. 
description: repphzhbib2024MA
Stochastic gradient descent for hybrid quantum-classical optimization
Creators: name: Sweke, Ryan
name: Wilde, Frederik
name: Meyer, Johannes
name: Schuld, Maria
name: Faehrmann, Paul K.
name: Meynard-Piganeau, Barthélémy
name: Eisert, Jens
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Within the context of hybrid quantum-classical optimization, gradient descent based optimizers typically require the evaluation of expectation values with respect to the outcome of parameterized quantum circuits. In this work, we explore the consequences of the prior observation that estimation of these quantities on quantum hardware results in a form of stochastic gradient descent optimization. We formalize this notion, which allows us to show that in many relevant cases, including VQE, QAOA and certain quantum classifiers, estimating expectation values with $k$ measurement outcomes results in optimization algorithms whose convergence properties can be rigorously well understood, for any value of $k$. In fact, even using single measurement outcomes for the estimation of expectation values is sufficient. Moreover, in many settings the required gradients can be expressed as linear combinations of expectation values -- originating, e.g., from a sum over local terms of a Hamiltonian, a parameter shift rule, or a sum over data-set instances -- and we show that in these cases $k$-shot expectation value estimation can be combined with sampling over terms of the linear combination, to obtain "doubly stochastic" gradient descent optimizers. For all algorithms we prove convergence guarantees, providing a framework for the derivation of rigorous optimization results in the context of near-term quantum devices. Additionally, we explore numerically these methods on benchmark VQE, QAOA and quantum-enhanced machine learning tasks and show that treating the stochastic settings as hyper-parameters allows for state-of-the-art results with significantly fewer circuit executions and measurements.
description: Significantly revised version - accepted in Quantum. Includes reference and discussion of earlier related work by Harrow and Napp (arXiv:1901.05374)