cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Anyphops natalensis
Creators: name: Corronca, J. A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2005
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Selenopidae
Anyphops
Anyphops natalensis

description: Anyphops natalensis (Lawrence, 1940)
(Figure 2g –k; Map 1)
 Selenops natalensis Lawrence 1940, p 565. Female holotype and male and female paratypes from South Africa, KwaZulu-Natal, Estcourt (29 ° S, 29 ° 539E), NM 1717, examined.
 Anyphops natalensis: Benoit 1968, p 116.
 Anyphops natalensis: Corronca 1998b, p 179. Erroneous identification.
 Diagnosis. The shape of the median apophysis of the palp of male A. natalensis (Figure 2k) resembles A. lawrencei, but the shape of the RTA is different with the ventral branch short and wide (Figure 2j), as in A. mumai. The epigynum of the females of A. natalensis are characterized by the presence of genital openings very widely spaced and near the anterior margin of the epigynum (Figure 2h), and by the shape of the copulatory ducts and spermathecae (Figure 2i).
 Female holotype. Total body length 6.10. Prosoma 2.90 length, 3.10 width. Eye sizes: AME 0.18, ALE 0.13, PME 0.25, PLE 0.33. Opisthosoma 3.20 length, 1.90 width. Leg formula 4321. Leg spination: Fe I – III p1.1.1, d1.1.1. r1.1.1, IV p1.0.1, d1.1.1, r1.1.1; Tib I –II v2.2.2.2; III p1.0.0, v2.2.0, IV p1.0.1, d1.1.1, v2.2.0, r1.0.1; Mt I-II v2.2.2, III v2.2.0, IV v2.2.2, r1.1.0. Prosoma orange-brown with lateral dark grey markings. Chelicerae orangebrown with a dark longitudinal inner line. Legs brown without markings except for a prolateral, longitudinal black band on Fe I, and Fe IV with two incomplete black bands. Dorsum of opisthosoma dark brown, anterior portion with two oval, lateral and large yellowish spots, and two smaller on the posterior area. Venter yellowish with darker lateral margins. Epigynum and internal structures as in Figure 2h, i.
 Male paratype. Total body length 4.50. Prosoma 2.50 length, 2.60 width. Eye sizes: AME 0.10, ALE 0.08, PME 0.20, PLE 0.28. Opisthosoma 1.90 length, 1.20 width. Leg formula 4321. Leg spination: similar to female except for the following spines: Fe IV p1.0.1, Tib I –II p1.1.0, d1.1.0, r1.1.0; III –IV p1.1.0, d1.1.0, r1.1.0; Mt I –II p0.1.0, r1.1.0, III –IV p1.1.0, v2.2.2, r1.1.1. Colour of body, legs and chelicerae similar to female. Palp of male as in Figures 2j, k.
 Note. Corronca (1998b, p 179) identified a male from Kenya (NCA 81 /620) as A. natalensis. After the revision of the type specimens, recently available, the conclusion is that it was an erroneous identification. In fact, that male is a new, undescribed species and belongs to B-B2 species group.
 Distribution. Only type locality.
description: Published as part of Corronca, J. A., 2005, Re-description of the lycosiformis species group of Anyphops Benoit and description of two new species (Araneae, Selenopidae), pp. 1381-1393 in Journal of Natural History 39 (17) on page 1389, DOI: 10.1080/00222930400008868, http://zenodo.org/record/5214673
Microscopic Black Holes as a Source of Ultrahigh Energy gamma-rays
Creators: name: Casadio, Roberto
name: Harms, Benjamin
name: Micu, Octavian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the idea that ultrahigh energy gamma-rays (E>10 TeV) can be produced when charged particles are accelerated by microscopic black holes. We begin by showing that microscopic black holes may exist as remnants of primordial black holes or as products of the collisions in the large extra dimensions scenario of high energy cosmic rays with atmospheric particles. We then solve Maxwell's equations on curved spacetime backgrounds in 4, 5 and 6 dimensions and use the solutions to calculate the energy distributions. From the latter we obtain the black hole parameters needed to produce the energies of the observed gamma-rays.
description: 10 pages LaTeX, 2 eps figures. Talk given at Coral Gables Conference, December 12-16, 2001
MOESM1 of Probing the composition of Plasmodium species contained in malaria infections in the Eastern region of Ghana
Creators: name: Amoah, Linda
name: Dickson Donu
name: Abuaku, Benjamin
name: Colins Ahorlu
name: Arhinful, Daniel
name: Afari, Edwin
name: Keziah Malm
name: Kwadwo Koram
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. List of primers and their properties
Dynamics and cosmological evolution in Λ-varying cosmology
Creators: name: Papagiannopoulos, G.
name: Tsiapi, Pavlina
name: Basilakos, Spyros
name: Paliathanasis, Andronikos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the dynamical properties of a large body of varying vacuum cosmologies for which dark matter interacts with vacuum. In particular, performing the critical point analysis we investigate the existence and the stability of cosmological solutions which describe de-Sitter, radiation and matter dominated eras. We find several cases of varying vacuum models that admit stable critical points, hence they can be used in describing the cosmic history.
description: This manuscript has been accepted for publication in the European Physical Journal C
Enhancement of Enzymatic Activity by Biomolecular Condensates through pH Buffering
Creators: name: Stoffel, Florence
name: Papp, Marcell
name: Küffner, Andreas M.
name: Benítez-Mateos, Ana I.
name: Jacquat, Raphaël
name: Gil-Garcia, Marcos
name: Galvanetto, Nicola
name: Faltova, Lenka
name: Arosio, Paolo
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2024

description: Biomolecular condensates can affect enzymatic reactions by locally changing not only concentrations of molecules but also their environment. Since protein conformations can differ between the dense and dilute phase, phase separation can particularly modulate enzymes characterized by a conformation-dependent activity. Here, we generate enzymatic condensates based on a lipase from Bacillus thermocatenulatus, which exhibits an equilibrium between a closed, inactive state, and an open, active conformation. We show that the activity of the enzyme increases inside the dense phase, leading to an enhancement of the overall reaction rate in the phase-separated system. Moreover, we demonstrate that these condensates can generate a more basic environment compared to the surrounding solution. As a consequence, the phase-separated system maintains a high enzymatic activity even in acidic conditions that would be otherwise less favourable for the lipase. We further show that the formation of two phases with distinct pH values optimizes a cascade reaction involving two enzymes with different optimal pH conditions. Our results demonstrate that biomolecular condensates can also affect the dependence of enzymatic rates on solution pH, thereby expanding the accessible pH interval and enabling network reactions with enzymes that require distinct pH values. These findings have crucial implications in biology and biotechnology for biocatalytic engineering.
description: bioRxiv
Numerical evidence of breaking of vortex lines in an ideal fluid
Creators: name: Kuznetsov, E. A.
name: Podvigina, O. M.
name: Zheligovsky, V. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Emergence of singularity of vorticity at a single point, not related to any symmetry of the initial distribution, has been demonstrated numerically for the first time. Behavior of the maximum of vorticity near the point of collapse closely follows the dependence 1/(t0-t), where t0 is the time of collapse. This agrees with the interpretation of collapse in an ideal incompressible fluid as of the process of vortex lines breaking.
description: 12 pp., 4 figs., LaTeX. Submitted to Proccedings of the IUTAM Symposium on Tubes, Sheets and Singularities in Fluid Dynamics, Zakopane, Poland, 2-7 September 2001
Determinantes del precio de la tierra agrícola en Chile en el período 1978-1998 para la zona geográfica ubicada entre las regiones de Coquimbo y Los Lagos inclusive.
Creators: name: Donoso, G.
name: Olguín, R.
name: Cancino, Jose P.
name: Schönhaut, D.
name: Donoso, G.
name: Olguín, R.
name: Cancino, Jose P.
name: Schönhaut, D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Agricultural Land Value
subject: Agricultural land value determinants
subject: Hedonic agricultural land value model
subject: Determinants of farm land values

description: Donoso, G.,R. Olguín,J. Cancino, y D. Schönhaut. 2011. Determinants of the price of agricultural land in Chile in the period 1978-1998 for the area between Coquimbo and Los Lagos Region.This paper estimates a hedonic price model in order to identify the key determinants that explain agricultural land value during the period 1978 to 1998. Results show that: (1) the price of agricultural land is positively affected by; the existence of constructions on the property, the percentage of tech irrigation systems and fruit orchards on the farm, (2) the distance between the farm and urban centers adversely affects the value of agricultural land, (3) the increase in farmland values during the period can be explained in part by the profitability of agriculture, improvements in road infrastructure and the higher level of transportation technology that has been achieved over time, (4) The profitability of agriculture has a positive effect on farmland values, (5) inflation was not significant. Finally, the results of this study are consistent with the results reported in the literature for Chile and other countries.
title: Isolated intramedullary tuberculoma of the cervical cord mimicking an intramedullary tumour
Creators: name: Gupta, Neeti
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Neuroradiology
subject: CNS
subject: Neuroradiology spine
subject: MR
subject: Clinical Cases

description: Clinical History: A 22-year-old female patient came with chief complaints of neck pain, left upper limb weakness and bilateral upper limb paresthesia since 2 months. Patient had insidious onset of symptoms which were gradually progressive in nature. There was no history of fever or weight loss or loss of appetite. 

description: 22 years, female
Limitaciones al Acceso a Derechos de Aguas en Comunidades Indígenas de Villarrica, Región de La Araucanía, Chile
Creators: name: Díaz, Ximena E. Quiñones
name: Díaz, Ximena E. Quiñones
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Mapuche Irrigation
subject: right of water
subject: 169 agreement of OIT

description: X. Quñones. Access limitation to water right in indigenous communities of Villarrica, Región de La Araucanía, Chile. This study analyzes the availability of water rights to be used in irrigation for Indigenous farms in Chile. The state agricultural develoment policy has as a main instrument, the incorporation of irrigation in order to increase the farm profitability, and thus, the quality of life for families. However, the public investment in irrigation requires to the applicants to have water rights legally constituted. Recent studies show that in La Araucanía the Mapuche communities have a limited access to water rights. Several reasons explain this issue, including that in 1993, when the Indígena Law was enacted, a grant was created in order to grant water rights to the Indian people. In that time, the Water Code had 12 years in force, and most of the water surfaces of La Araucanía had been requested. To this, restrictions are added to the water market for the resources´s redistribution, as well as alternative water uses with a more profitable aims such as tourism and urban consumption. However, some alternatives arise to facilitate the access of Mapuche families to water rights, such as the nature reserve of the Toltén River Basin, and the registration of groundwater, which could be objects of specific public policies.
DOHA Negotiations on Agriculture and Future of the WTO Multilateral Trade System
Creators: name: Matthews, Alan
name: Matthews, Alan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: WTO
subject: Doha Round
subject: agricultural trade liberalization
subject: Bali Ministerial Council

description: The WTO Doha Round of trade negotiations was launched in 2001 and after twelve years of negotiations members seem unable to bring it to a successful conclusion. An attempt to deliver an ‘early harvest’ of deliverables at the 9th WTO Ministerial Conference in Bali in December 2013 does not appear likely to be more successful. This paper describes the stage that the negotiations have reached in agriculture and the value of what is currently on the table. It reviews the agricultural agenda for the Bali meeting and the prospects for its success. It discusses the reasons for the current impasse in the negotiations and asks whether agricultural trade liberalization would be better served by abandoning the Doha Round. The paper argues that this would not be the case, and concludes by speculating on the conditions necessary to ensure a conclusion to the Round.
Charged null fluid collapse in anti-de Sitter spacetimes and naked singularities
Creators: name: Ghosh, S. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the occurrence of naked singularities in the spherically symmetric, plane symmetric and cylindrically symmetric collapse of charged null fluid in an anti-de Sitter background. The naked singularities are found to be strong in Tipler's sense and thus violate the cosmic censorship conjecture, but not hoop conjecture.
description: 8 pages, No figures
MOESM2 of The need for improved cognitive, hearing and vision assessments for older people with cognitive impairment: a qualitative study
Creators: name: Wolski, Lucas
name: Leroi, Iracema
name: Regan, Jemma
name: Dawes, Piers
name: Charalambous, Anna
name: Thodi, Chryssoula
name: Prokopiou, Juliana
name: Villeneuve, Roxane
name: Helmer, Catherine
name: Abebaw Yohannes
name: Himmelsbach, Ines
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2. Assessment needs guideline - Care Partner. Interview guideline focusing on the perception and experience of different assessments in the care partner.
Plane waves in a general Robertson-Walker background
Creators: name: Tsamis, N. C.
name: Woodard, R. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an exact solution for the plane wave mode functions of a massless, minimally coupled scalar propagating in an arbitrary homogeneous, isotropic and spatially flat geometry. Our solution encompasses all previous solvable special cases such as de Sitter and power law expansion. Moreover, it can generate the mode functions for gravitons. We discuss some of the many applications that are now possible.
description: 11 pages, revtex4, no figures, version 3 is vastly expanded (from 57 eqns to 166) to give an explicit expression for the transfer matrix, and to expand it in the ultraviolet and the infrared. We use the infrared limit to give an improved result for the gravitational wave contribution to CMB anisotropies
title: Gastrointestinal seed bezoars and cecal adenocarcinoma causing partial small bowel obstruction
Creators: name: Lin, Marco
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Abdominal imaging
subject: Abdomen
subject: Gastrointestinal tract
subject: Pelvis
subject: CT
subject: Foreign bodies
subject: Neoplasia
subject: Obstruction / Occlusion
subject: Clinical Cases

description: Clinical History: An 80-year-old female presented to the emergency department with lower abdominal pain and vomiting for two days. History was limited due to language barrier. Laboratory tests and physical exams were inconclusive, triggering computed tomography (CT) of the abdomen/pelvis. 

description: 80 years, female
Violation of Bell's Inequality with Photons from Independent Sources
Creators: name: Pittman, T. B.
name: Franson, J. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a violation of Bell's inequality using one photon from a parametric down-conversion source and a second photon from an attenuated laser beam. The two photons were entangled at a beam splitter using the post-selection technique of Shih and Alley [Phys. Rev. Lett. 61, 2921 (1988)]. A quantum interference pattern with a visibility of 91% was obtained using the photons from these independent sources, as compared with a visibility of 99.4% using two photons from a central parametric down-conversion source.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures; minor changes
The effect of hyperdiffusivity on turbulent dynamos with helicity
Creators: name: Brandenburg, Axel
name: Sarson, Graeme R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In numerical studies of turbulence, hyperviscosity is often used as a tool to extend the inertial subrange and to reduce the dissipative subrange. By analogy, hyperdiffusivity (or hyperresistivity) is sometimes used in magnetohydrodynamics. The underlying assumption is that only the small scales are affected by this manipulation. In the present paper, possible side effects on the evolution of the large scale magnetic field are investigated. It is found that for turbulent flows with helicity, hyperdiffusivity causes the dynamo-generated magnetic field to saturate at a higher level than normal diffusivity. This result is successfully interpreted in terms of magnetic helicity conservation, which also predicts that full saturation is only reached after a time comparable to the large scale magnetic (hyper)diffusion time.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Beyond Traditional Assessments of Cognitive Impairment: Exploring the Potential of Spatial Navigation Tasks
Creators: name: Colombo, Giorgio
name: Minta, Karolina
name: Thrash, Tyler
name: Grübel, Jascha
name: Wiener, Jan
name: Avraamides, Marios
name: Hölscher, Christoph
name: Schinazi, Victor R.
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2024
Subjects: Cognitive impairment
Alzheimer's disease
Ageing
Spatial ability
Navigation
Digital assessments

description: INTRODUCTION Alzheimer’s disease affects spatial abilities that are often overlooked in standard cognitive screening tools. We assessed whether the spatial navigation tasks in the Spatial Performance Assessment for Cognitive Evaluation (SPACE) can complement existing tools such as the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA).

METHODS 348 participants aged 21-76 completed the MoCA, SPACE, and sociodemographic- health questionnaires. Regressions were used to predict MoCA scores with risk factors and SPACE tasks as predictors. We also conducted a factor analysis to investigate the relationships among SPACE tasks and the MoCA.

RESULTS Regressions revealed significant effects of age, gender, and SPACE tasks. No risk factors for dementia predicted MoCA scores. The factor analysis revealed that MoCA and perspective taking contributed to a separate factor from other navigation tasks in SPACE. Normative data for SPACE are provided.

DISCUSSION Our findings highlight the importance of navigation tasks for cognitive assessment and the early detection of cognitive impairment.
description: medRxiv
Cosmology With Negative Potentials
Creators: name: Felder, Gary
name: Frolov, Andrei
name: Kofman, Lev
name: Linde, Andrei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate cosmological evolution in models where the effective potential V(ϕ) may become negative for some values of the field ϕ. Phase portraits of such theories in space of variables (ϕ,\dotϕ,H) have several qualitatively new features as compared with phase portraits in the theories with V(ϕ) > 0. Cosmological evolution in models with potentials with a "stable" minimum at V(ϕ)<0 is similar in some respects to the evolution in models with potentials unbounded from below. Instead of reaching an AdS regime dominated by the negative vacuum energy, the universe reaches a turning point where its energy density vanishes, and then it contracts to a singularity with properties that are practically independent of V(ϕ). We apply our methods to investigation of the recently proposed cyclic universe scenario. We show that in addition to the singularity problem there are other problems that need to be resolved in order to realize a cyclic regime in this scenario. We propose several modifications of this scenario and conclude that the best way to improve it is to add a usual stage of inflation after the singularity and use that inflationary stage to generate perturbations in the standard way.
description: 51 page, 20 figures
title: Pineal parenchymal tumour of intermediate differentiation
Creators: name: Peter, Babu
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Neuroradiology
subject: CNS
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: MR
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Cancer
subject: Seizure disorders
subject: Clinical Cases

description: Clinical History: A 45-year-old female patient with history of headache and vomiting presented to the OPD. On examination, bulk, power and reflexes were normal. Initial laboratory results show no evidence of biochemical abnormalities and blood counts were normal. Then the patient was subjected to Imaging.

description: 45 years, female
The role of memory and perspective shifts in systematic biases during object location estimation
Creators: name: Segen, Vladislava
name: Colombo, Giorgio
name: Avraamides, Marios
name: Slattery, Timothy
name: Wiener, Jan M.
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2021

description: Our previous research highlighted a systematic bias in a spatial memory task, with participants correctly detecting object movements in the same direction as the perspective shift, whilst misjudging the direction of object movements if those were in the opposite direction to the perspective shift. The aim of the current study was to investigate if the introduction of perspective shifts results in systematic biases in object location estimations. To do so, we asked participants to encode the position of an object in a virtual room and to then estimate the object’s position following a perspective shift. In addition, by manipulating memory load (perception and memory condition) we investigated if the bias in object position estimates results from systematic distortions introduced in spatial memory. Overall, our results show that participants make systematic errors in estimating object positions in the same direction as the perspective shift. This bias was present in both the memory and the perception condition. We propose that the systematic bias in the same direction as the perspective shift is driven by difficulties in understanding the perspective shifts that may lead participants to use an egocentric representation of object positions as an anchor when estimating the object location following a perspective shift, thereby giving rise to a systematic shift in errors in the same direction as the perspective shift.
description: bioRxiv
Additional file 2 of Spatial navigation is associated with subcortical alterations and progression risk in subjective cognitive decline
Creators: name: Chen, Qian
name: Chen, Futao
name: Long, Cong
name: Zhu, Yajing
name: Jiang, Yaoxian
name: Zhu, Zhengyang
name: Lu, Jiaming
name: Zhang, Xin
name: Nedelska, Zuzana
name: Hort, Jakub
name: Zhang, Bing
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Mental Health
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2: Supplementary Table 1. Basal forebrain subfield volumes with a 4-mm FWHM smoothing kernel.
The EU Meat Market and the Doha Round at a Glance
Creators: name: Banović, Marija
name: Ševarlić, Miladin M.
name: Banović, Marija
name: Ševarlić, Miladin M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: EU meat market
subject: Doha Round

description: Meat market has always had a special attention due to repeating crises and confidence breakdowns. Even though global meat trade has grown in the past decades, driven mainly by gains in poultry and pig meat originating from developing regions, many countries that produce and consume meat still remain disconnected by trade. Trade barriers, as sanitary and protectionist standards, have heavily influenced meat market. Sanitary standards related to animal diseases, food safety concerns and health issue awareness mostly identify those countries that are “free” and those that are “not free” of potential risks. Although sanitary barriers can inhibit trade flows they protect against the spread of serious diseases and other risks that can break animal production. On the other hand, protectionist barriers in the form of tariffs and tariff-rate quotas designed as domestic support may distort international markets and prevent significant potential trade in meats. The EU occupies an important position in the world meat market due to its export performance drawn from subsidies and sanitary and protection barriers that have been the focus of strong criticism by some developed and developing countries, among others. The Doha round has had an ambitious call in lowering protectionist barriers and achieving substantial improvements in market access and reductions of export subsidies and in tradedistorting domestic support. Yet, major protectionist barriers linger even so and the average global meat tariffs are higher than the average tariffs for other agricultural goods. Furthermore, these developments in trade liberalization and market access seem not to be only precondition for trade to occur as well as only answer to meat crisis.
Deciphering the Dynamics of a Younger Dryas Rock Avalanche in the Bernese Alps
Creators: name: Bucher, Giacomina
name: Dieleman, Catharina
name: Ivy-Ochs, Susan
name: Aaron, Jordan
name: Vockenhuber, Christof
name: Akçar, Naki
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2024

description: Large rock avalanches play a key role in shaping alpine landscapes. However, the complex interplay between mass movement and other surface processes poses challenges in identifying these deposits and understanding the underlying process controls. Here, we focus on the rock avalanche deposits of the Lurnigalp Valley in the Bernese Alps (Switzerland), originally mapped as till. The Lurnigalp is a U-shaped tributary valley located in the southwest of Adelboden, Canton Bern. To explore the timing and dynamics of the rock avalanche event, we employed detailed remote and field mapping, sedimentary petrology, surface exposure dating with cosmogenic 36Cl, and runout modelling with DAN3D®. For the reconstruction of the chronology, we analyzed cosmogenic 36Cl in surface samples from 15 boulders of the rock avalanche deposit. We developed three distinct scenarios to investigate the dynamics and contextual conditions of the rock avalanche event. In the first two scenarios, we hypothesize that the rock avalanche occurred in a valley devoid of ice. In contrast, the third scenario presents a different setting where a hypothetical glacier is posited to have occupied the upper sections of the valley. In brief, we anticipate that a rock mass of ca. 6 Mm3 of rock mass composed of limestone and sandstone was released from a limestone cliff at 12 ± 2 ka during the Younger Dryas. The collapsed rock mass fell into the ice-free valley floor, ran up the opposite valley side and was deflected towards the northeast following the valley orientation. The rock mass stopped after 2.2 km leaving approximately 6.4 Mm3 deposits spread across the entire valley floor. Subsequently, most of the rock avalanche deposits have been reworked by periglacial activity. We conclude that structural features (bedding, fault), lithology and glacial erosion were involved in the weakening of the in-situ bedrock that finally led to the collapse. Our study not only enhances our understanding of rock avalanche mechanisms and their profound impact on Alpine landscape evolution but also elucidates the complex interplay of geological processes that led to the collapse and altered the rock avalanche deposits afterwards.
description: Research Square
description: ISSN:2693-5015
Morse Index Stability for the Ginzburg-Landau Approximation
Creators: name: Da Lio, Francesca
name: Gianocca, Matilde
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2024

description: In this paper we study the behaviour of critical points of the Ginzburg-Landau perturbation of the Dirichlet energy into the sphere $E_\varepsilon(u):=\int_Σ\frac{1}{2}|du|^2_h\ \,dvol_h +\frac{1}{4\varepsilon^2}(1-|u|^2)^2\,dvol_h=\int_Σe_{\varepsilon}(u)$. Our first main result is a precise point-wise estimate for $e_\varepsilon(u_k)$ in the regions where compactness fails, which also implies the $L^{2,1}$ quantization in the bubbling process. Our second main result consists in applying the method developed in a previous joint paper with T. Rivière to study the upper-semi-continuity of the extended Morse index to sequences of critical points of $E_ε$: given a sequence of critical points $u_{\varepsilon_k}:Σ\to \mathbb{R}^{n+1}$ of $E_\varepsilon$ that converges in the bubble tree sense to a harmonic map $u_\infty\in W^{1,2}(Σ,{S}^{n})$ and bubbles $v^i_{\infty}:\mathbb{R}^2\to {S}^{n}$, we show that the extended Morse indices of the maps $v^i,u_\infty$ control the extended Morse index of the sequence $u_{\varepsilon_k}$ for $k$ large enough.
description: arXiv
Exclusion Inside or at the Border of Conformal Bootstrap Continent
Creators: name: Nakayama, Yu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: How large can anomalous dimensions be in conformal field theories? What can we do to attain larger values? One attempt to obtain large anomalous dimensions efficiently is to use the Pauli exclusion principle. Certain operators constructed out of constituent fermions cannot form bound states without introducing non-trivial excitations. To assess the efficiency of this mechanism, we compare them with the numerical conformal bootstrap bound as well as with other interacting field theory examples. In two dimensions, it turns out to be the most efficient: it saturates the bound and is located at the (second) kink. In higher dimensions, it more or less saturates the bound but it may be slightly inside.
description: 15 pages, 5 figures, v2: reference added
Modest, not extreme, northern high latitude amplification over the Mid to Late Miocene shown by coccolith clumped isotopes
Creators: name: Mejia Ramirez, Luz Maria
name: Bernasconi, Stefano M.
name: Fernandez, Alvaro
name: Zhang, Hongrui
name: Guitián, José
name: Jaggi, Madalina
name: Taylor, Victoria Emma
name: Perez-Huerta, Alberto
name: Stoll, Heather
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2024
Subjects: Coccolithophores
Clumped isotopes
High latitude amplification
Miocene

description: The ongoing global warming is characterized by a high latitude amplification effect, with Northern Hemisphere air temperatures increasing significantly faster than the global average. Widely-used paleotemperature proxies suggest that during past warm climate states, there was extreme high-latitude and polar amplified warming, along with flat latitudinal sea surface temperature (SST) gradients. Because these features remain difficult to simulate in climate models for periods like the Miocene, not only model construction, but also absolute values of proxy temperature estimates should be continuously revised. Clumped isotope thermometry is a tool that has the potential to bypass some of the limitations of other proxies, such as reliance on assumptions of past seawater chemistry, and other unknown mechanisms influencing their response to temperature changes. Here we provide the first downcore reconstruction of calcification temperatures from coccolith clumped isotopes (∆47) at northern high latitudes. This record shares trends with alkenone SSTs from the same samples estimated via widely-used calibrations, but suggest an on average ~9 °C colder North Atlantic over the last 16 million years (My). Coccolith ∆47 calcification temperatures agree better than alkenone-derived records with model simulations for the Mid and Late Miocene. If confirmed by additional records, a modest, rather than an extreme northern high latitude warmth, would entail paradigm-changing implications in our understanding of high latitude thermal response to anthropogenic CO2, while implying a need for revision of the present interpretations of currently considered well-validated temperature proxies like alkenone unsaturation ratios.
description: EarthArXiv
Multi-proxy estimates of sea surface temperature and CO2 in the western Atlantic during the Late Miocene
Creators: name: Tanner, Thomas
name: Buchanan Rae, James William
name: Hernández-Almeida, Iván
name: Zhang, Hongrui
name: Jaggi, Madalina
name: Dumont, Matthew
name: Jurikova, Hana
name: Bernasconi, Stefano M.
name: Stoll, Heather
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2024

description: Reconstructing atmospheric CO2 concentration in the Late Miocene is crucial for understanding the relationship between greenhouse gas concentrations and climate change in a warmer-than-modern world. Both δ11B-based and alkenone-ep-based CO2 estimates feature uncertainties due to poorly constrained past seawater chemistry, and algal physiological processes, respectively. Additionally, both proxies estimate CO2[aq], so they require reliable surface ocean temperatures to calculate solubility and atmospheric CO2. To evaluate proxy coherence, in this study we generate new records of alkenone ep and δ11B, from the western Tropical Atlantic ODP Site 926 during the Late Miocene. We provide surface ocean temperature estimates from coccolith clumped isotope thermometry, alkenone undersaturation ratios, and planktonic foraminiferal Mg/Ca ratios. The warm temperatures estimated from our new clumped isotope records, together with alkenone temperatures >29°C, confirm warm tropics, and provide constraints on the assumptions of seawater Mg/Ca and dissolution corrections for foraminiferal Mg/Ca SST estimates. The new alkenone ep CO2 estimates at 926 yield generally similar CO2 as the new and published δ11B-based CO2 records for the site, and are similar to published alkenone ep CO2 records from the South Atlantic ODP Site 1088. However, over the 7.3 to 7.8 Ma interval, the CO2 values from ep are lower than other records. We evaluate which proxy indicators can best predict variations in algal physiology which may bias the ep-based CO2 reconstructions in this interval at Site 926.
description: ESS Open Archive
Sparse Deep Neural Network Graph Challenge
Creators: name: Kepner, Jeremy
name: Alford, Simon
name: Gadepally, Vijay
name: Jones, Michael
name: Milechin, Lauren
name: Robinett, Ryan
name: Samsi, Sid
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The MIT/IEEE/Amazon GraphChallenge.org encourages community approaches to developing new solutions for analyzing graphs and sparse data. Sparse AI analytics present unique scalability difficulties. The proposed Sparse Deep Neural Network (DNN) Challenge draws upon prior challenges from machine learning, high performance computing, and visual analytics to create a challenge that is reflective of emerging sparse AI systems. The Sparse DNN Challenge is based on a mathematically well-defined DNN inference computation and can be implemented in any programming environment. Sparse DNN inference is amenable to both vertex-centric implementations and array-based implementations (e.g., using the GraphBLAS.org standard). The computations are simple enough that performance predictions can be made based on simple computing hardware models. The input data sets are derived from the MNIST handwritten letters. The surrounding I/O and verification provide the context for each sparse DNN inference that allows rigorous definition of both the input and the output. Furthermore, since the proposed sparse DNN challenge is scalable in both problem size and hardware, it can be used to measure and quantitatively compare a wide range of present day and future systems. Reference implementations have been implemented and their serial and parallel performance have been measured. Specifications, data, and software are publicly available at GraphChallenge.org
description: 7 pages, 5 figures, 3 tables, 60 references, accepted to IEEE HPEC 2019. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1807.03165, arXiv:1708.02937, arXiv:1708.06866
Agulhas Plateau large igneous province emplacement and carbonation constrained by in-situ U-Pb dating, Sr isotope geochemistry and clumped isotope thermometry of calcite veins in basaltic basement at IODP Site U1582
Creators: name: Gürer, Derya
name: Jones, Matthew M.
name: Bohaty, Steve M.
name: Bernasconi, Stefano M.
name: Nana Yobo, Lucien
name: Roberts, Andrew P.
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2024

description: Continental breakup leads to formation of new oceanic gateways, evolution of ocean bathymetry, and, in many cases, emplacement of large igneous provinces (LIPs). Changes in ocean circulation, volcanic CO2 emissions, and alteration of freshly emplaced ocean crust associated with these events were likely drivers of global-scale Cretaceous climate change. Yet, the precise timing and nature of Cretaceous continental rifting and submarine LIP eruptions remain largely unconstrained. The Agulhas Plateau (AP), along with Maud Rise (MR) and Northeast Georgia Rise (NEGR), are thought to constitute a once contiguous submarine LIP that was emplaced in the gateway between the incipient South Atlantic, Southern Ocean, and Indian Ocean basins during the breakup of Africa and East Antarctica. International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) Expedition 392 recovered sedimentary and igneous rocks from the Agulhas Plateau, southwest Indian Ocean, including basaltic pillow lavas at IODP Site U1582, located on the northernmost edge of the plateau. Calcite veins and infills hosted in pillow lavas can provide insights into the timing and chemical environment of post-magmatic fracturing, fluid circulation, submarine weathering and carbonation of the LIP. We present in-situ U/Pb ages (n=12) of the calcite veins determined via laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS), clumped isotope (Δ47) compositions (n=6) and 87Sr/86Sr ratios to investigate the timing and temperature of calcite precipitation. U/Pb geochronologic dates for vein calcite and infill are reproducible and yield Cenomanian to Turonian ages, consistent with shipboard nannofossil biostratigraphic age constraints for sediments intercalated between the pillows. Reproducible clumped isotopic paleotemperatures range from ~19 to 26°C, with a calculated δ18O value for precipitating fluids of ~-2 to +1‰ Vienna Standard Mean Ocean Water (VSMOW). The ranges of both these values are consistent with ambient mid-Cretaceous marine waters and, when combined with the age constraints for the basalt and sediments, support rapid weathering and carbonation of the submarine LIP following post-eruptive cooling. U/Pb geochronology of calcites at IODP Site U1582, refined by Sr isotope stratigraphy, provide a minimum age for the Agulhas Plateau. These data constrain the timing of the formation of a paleobathymetric restriction at the gateway between several incipient Cretaceous ocean basins, and have implications for geochemical interactions between mafic igneous rocks and seawater through the life cycle of a Cretaceous LIP.
description: EGUsphere
Electronic structure investigation of GdNi using X-ray absorption, magnetic circular dichroism and hard x-ray photoemission spectroscopy
Creators: name: Chuang, C. W.
name: Lin, H. J.
name: de Groot, F. M. F.
name: Chang, F. H.
name: Chen, C. T.
name: Chin, Y. Y.
name: Liao, Y. F.
name: Tsuei, K. D.
name: Chelvane, J. Arout
name: Nirmala, R.
name: Chainani, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: GdNi is a ferrimagnetic material with a Curie temperature Tc = 69 K which exhibits a large magnetocaloric effect, making it useful for magnetic refrigerator applications. We investigate the electronic structure of GdNi by carrying out x-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and x-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) at T = 25 K in the ferrimagnetic phase. We analyze the Gd M$_{4,5}$-edge ($3d$ - $4f$) and Ni L$_{2,3}$-edge ($2p$ - $3d$) spectra using atomic multiplet and cluster model calculations, respectively. The atomic multiplet calculation for Gd M$_{4,5}$-edge XAS indicates that Gd is trivalent in GdNi, consistent with localized $4f$ states. On the other hand, a model cluster calculation for Ni L$_{2,3}$-edge XAS shows that Ni is effectively divalent in GdNi and strongly hybridized with nearest neighbour Gd states, resulting in a $d$-electron count of 8.57. The Gd M$_{4,5}$-edge XMCD spectrum is consistent with a ground state configuration of S = 7/2 and L=0. The Ni L$_{2,3}$-edge XMCD results indicate that the antiferromagnetically aligned Ni moments exhibit a small but finite magnetic moment ( $m_{tot}$ $\sim$ 0.12 $μ_B$ ) with the ratio $m_{o}/m_{s}$ $\sim$ 0.11. Valence band hard x-ray photoemission spectroscopy shows Ni $3d$ features at the Fermi level, confirming a partially filled $3d$ band, while the Gd $4f$ states are at high binding energies away from the Fermi level. The results indicate that the Ni $3d$ band is not fully occupied and contradicts the charge-transfer model for rare-earth based alloys. The obtained electronic parameters indicate that GdNi is a strongly correlated charge transfer metal with the Ni on-site Coulomb energy being much larger than the effective charge-transfer energy between the Ni $3d$ and Gd $4f$ states.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures, text and figures revised
The Impact of the WTO Agreement on Agriculture on Food Security in Developing Countries
Creators: name: Birovljev, Jelena
name: Ćetković, Biljana
name: Birovljev, Jelena
name: Ćetković, Biljana
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: free trade
subject: WTO
subject: agriculture
subject: developing countries
subject: food security

description: Free trade has become a modern-day creed, accepted by both wealthy industrialized countries and many governments of developing countries as the generator of economic growth, development and employment. However, free trade has also been condemned by non-governmental organizations (NGOs) in developing countries as the tool through which the economic dominance of wealthy, developed countries is institutionalized and maintained. Agriculture has been one of the most controversial issues in the multilateral trade negotiations for the past fifty years. The aim of this article is to examine food security implications of the WTO Agreement on Agriculture. It discusses the WTO Agreement on Agriculture, which is systematically favoring agricultural producers in industrialized countries at the expense of farmers in developing countries, and explores ways in which the Agreement may be modified to achieve a more equal chance for success for both parties. The article also deals with the extent to which realization of the Agreement’s stated objective – the establishment of a fair and market-oriented agricultural trading system—is likely to advance food security in developing countries. The first section defines food security, discusses the relationship between trade and food security, and analyzes the impact of the WTO Agreement on Agriculture on food security in developing countries. The second section sets forth the reforms necessary to address inequities in the global trading system for agricultural commodities, and enhance and protect food security in developing countries. The last section concludes that leveling the playing field between industrialized and developing countries is a necessity, but not sufficient to promote food security. Promotion of food security requires additional trade reforms, so as to provide developing countries with a wide range of solutions and ensure access by all people at all times to sufficient, safe and nutritious food.
title: Left atrial appendage aneurysm with cerebral infarcts
Creators: name: Mohsin, Farwa
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cardiovascular
subject: Abdomen
subject: Anatomy
subject: Cardiovascular system
subject: CT
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: MR-Cholangiography
subject: Angioplasty
subject: Barium enema
subject: Biopsy
subject: Abscess
subject: Aneurysms
subject: Haemorrhage
subject: Clinical Cases

description: Clinical History: A 22-year-old male patient came to the emergency with complaints of palpitations, quadriplegia and aphasia for the last 1 year. Vitally he was stable with modified Rankin Scale of 4. On examination, power was 1/5 in all four limbs, no verbal response, bilateral pupils showed sluggish response to light, pendular nystagmus was seen on both sides. Abdominal examination and blood profile was unremarkable.

description: 22 years, male