cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Combinatorial correlation functions in three-dimensional eight-vertex models
Creators: name: Korepanov, Igor G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 15A24 (Primary), 82B20, 82B28 (Secondary)

description: A new version of the self-similarity spin transform on three-dimensional cubic lattices is proposed that makes possible calculation of nontrivial spin correlations in a "combinatorial" model, in which all permitted spin configurations have equal probabilities.
description: 27 pages, 4 tikz figures
New Multielement Isotopic Compositions of Presolar SiC Grains: Implications for Their Stellar Origins
Creators: name: Liu, Nan
name: Barosch, Jens
name: Nittler, Larry R.
name: Alexander, Conel M. O D.
name: Wang, Jianhua
name: Cristallo, Sergio
name: Busso, Maurizio
name: Palmerini, Sara
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report NanoSIMS Si and Mg-Al isotopic data (and C, N, and Ti isotopic data when available) for 85 submicron- to micron-sized presolar SiC grains from the CM2 Murchison meteorite, including 60 MS, 8 AB1, 8 X, 7 AB2, and 2 Y grains. The MS and Y grain data demonstrate that (1) C and N contamination mainly appears as surface contamination, and sufficient presputtering is needed to expose a clean grain surface for obtaining intrinsic C and N signals, and (2) Mg and Al contamination appears as adjacent grains and rims, and high-resolution imaging and the choice of small regions of interest during data reduction together are effective in suppressing the contamination. Our results strongly indicate that previous studies on presolar SiC grains could have sampled differing degrees of contamination for C, N, Mg, and Al. Compared to the literature data, our new MS and Y grains are in better agreement with carbon star observations for both the C and N isotopic ratios. By comparing our new, tighter distributions of 12C/13C, 14N/15N, and initial 26Al/27Al ratios for MS and Y grains with FRUITY AGB stellar models, we provide more stringent constraints on the occurrence of cool bottom processing and the production of 26Al in N-type carbon stars, classical asymptotic giant branch stars.
On the metric property of quantum Wasserstein divergences
Creators: name: Bunth, Gergely
name: Pitrik, József
name: Titkos, Tamás
name: Virosztek, Dániel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary: 49Q22, 81P16. Secondary: 81Q10

description: Quantum Wasserstein divergences are modified versions of quantum Wasserstein distances defined by channels, and they are conjectured to be genuine metrics on quantum state spaces by De Palma and Trevisan. We prove triangle inequality for quantum Wasserstein divergences for every quantum system described by a separable Hilbert space and any quadratic cost operator under the assumption that a particular state involved is pure, and all the states have finite energy. We also provide strong numerical evidence suggesting that the triangle inequality holds in general, for an arbitrary choice of states.
description: v2: main result extended to the infinite-dimensional setting + a new section concerning applications added. v3: accepted manuscript version. v4: a constant in Proposition 3 corrected + Corollary 4 and Remark 1 modified accordingly. 22 pages, 4 figures
On a conjecture of Kashiwara relating Chern and Euler classes of O-modules
Creators: name: Grivaux, Julien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14F05

description: In this note we prove a conjecture of Kashiwara, which states that the Euler class of a coherent analytic sheaf F on a complex manifold X is the product of the Chern character of F with the Todd class of X. As a corollary, we obtain a functorial proof of the Grothendieck-Riemann-Roch theorem in Hodge cohomology for complex manifolds.
description: Final version
Ram pressure stripping in a viscous intracluster medium
Creators: name: Roediger, E.
name: Brueggen, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the recent literature there is circumstantial evidence that the viscosity of the intracluster medium may not be too far from the Spitzer value. In this letter, we present two-dimensional hydrodynamical simulations of ram pressure stripping of disc galaxies in a viscous intracluster medium. The values of viscosity explored range between 0.1 and 1.0 times the Spitzer value. We find that viscosity affects the appearance and the dimensions of the galactic wakes but has very little effect on the evolution of the gas mass of the galaxy.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, accepted by MNRAS letters
High Precision Radial Velocity Measurements in the Infrared: A First Assessment of the RV Stability of CRIRES
Creators: name: Seifahrt, Andreas
name: Kaeufl, Hans-Ulrich
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High precision radial velocity (RV) measurements in the near infrared are on high demand, especially in the context of exoplanet search campaigns shifting their interest to late type stars in order to detect planets with ever lower mass or targeting embedded pre-main-sequence objects. ESO is offering a new spectrograph at the VLT -- CRIRES -- designed for high resolution near-infrared spectroscopy with a comparably broad wavelength coverage and the possibility to use gas-cells to provide a stable RV zero-point. We investigate here the intrinsic short-term RV stability of CRIRES, both with gas-cell calibration data and on-sky measurements using the absorption lines of the Earth's atmosphere imprinted in the source spectrum as a local RV rest frame. Moreover, we also investigate for the first time the intrinsic stability of telluric lines at 4100 nm for features originating in the lower troposphere. Our analysis of nearly 5 hours of consecutive observations of MS Vel, a M2II bright giant centred at two SiO first overtone band-heads at 4100 nm, demonstrates that the intrinsic short-term stability of CRIRES is very high, showing only a slow and fully compensateable drift of up to 60 m/s after 4.5 hours. The radial velocity of the telluric lines is constant down to a level of approx. +/- 10 m/s (or 7/1000 of one pixel). Utilising the same telluriclines as a rest frame for our radial velocity measurements of the science target, we obtain a constant RV with a precision of approx. +/- 20 m/s for MS Vel as expected for a M-giant.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures, accepted by A&A
Turbulent flows over porous and rough substrates
Creators: name: Hao, Zengrong
name: García-Mayoral, Ricardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Turbulent flows over porous substrates are studied via a systematic exploration of the dependence of the flow properties on the substrate parameters, including permeability $K$, grain pitch $L$, and depth $h$. The study uses direct numerical simulations mainly for staggered-cube substrates with $L^+\approx10$ - $50$, $\sqrt{K}/L\approx0.01$ - $0.25$, and depths from $h=O(L)$ to $h\gg L$, ranging from typical impermeable rough surfaces to deep porous substrates. The results indicate that the permeability has significantly greater relevance than the grain size and microscale topology for the properties of the overlying flow, including the mean-flow slip and the shear across the interface, the drag increase relative to smooth-wall flow, and the statistics and spectra of the overlying turbulence, whereas the direct effect of grain size is only noticeable near the interface as grain-coherent flow fluctuations. The substrate depth also has a significant effect, with shallower substrates suppressing the effective transpiration at the interface. Based on the direct-simulation results, we propose an empirical `equivalent permeability' $K_{eq}^t$, that incorporates this effect and scales well the overlying turbulence for substrates with different depths, permeabilities, etc. Based on this, we propose a conceptual $h^+$-$\sqrt{K^+}$ regime diagram where, for any given substrate topology, turbulence transitions smoothly from that over impermeable rough surfaces with $h=O(L)$ to that over deep porous substrates with $h^+\gtrsim50$, with the latter limit determined by the typical lengthscale of the overlying pressure fluctuations.
description: 48 pages, 32 figures
Characterization of γ-factors: the Asai case
Creators: name: Henniart, Guy
name: Lomelí, Luis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11F70, 22E50, 22E55

description: Let $E$ be a separable quadratic extension of a locally compact field $F$ of positive characteristic. Asai γ-factors are defined for smooth irreducible representations πof ${\rm GL}_n(E)$. If σis the Weil-Deligne representation of $\mathcal{W}_E$ corresponding to πunder the local Langlands correspondence, we show that the Asai γ-factor is the same as the Deligne-Langlands γ-factor of the Weil-Deligne representation of $\mathcal{W}_F$ obtained from σunder tensor induction. This is achieved by proving that Asai γ-factors are characterized by their local properties together with their role in global functional equations for $L$-functions. As an immediate application, we establish the stability property of γ-factors under twists by highly ramified characters.
The Foundational Capabilities of Large Language Models in Predicting Postoperative Risks Using Clinical Notes
Creators: name: Alba, Charles
name: Xue, Bing
name: Abraham, Joanna
name: Kannampallil, Thomas
name: Lu, Chenyang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: J.3; I.2.7

description: Clinical notes recorded during a patient's perioperative journey holds immense informational value. Advances in large language models (LLMs) offer opportunities for bridging this gap. Using 84,875 pre-operative notes and its associated surgical cases from 2018 to 2021, we examine the performance of LLMs in predicting six postoperative risks using various fine-tuning strategies. Pretrained LLMs outperformed traditional word embeddings by an absolute AUROC of 38.3% and AUPRC of 33.2%. Self-supervised fine-tuning further improved performance by 3.2% and 1.5%. Incorporating labels into training further increased AUROC by 1.8% and AUPRC by 2%. The highest performance was achieved with a unified foundation model, with improvements of 3.6% for AUROC and 2.6% for AUPRC compared to self-supervision, highlighting the foundational capabilities of LLMs in predicting postoperative risks, which could be potentially beneficial when deployed for perioperative care
description: Codes are publicly available at: https://github.com/cja5553/LLMs_in_perioperative_care
Additional file 2 of Protists as main indicators and determinants of plant performance
Creators: name: Guo, Sai
name: Xiong, Wu
name: Hang, Xinnan
name: Gao, Zhilei
name: Jiao, Zixuan
name: Liu, Hongjun
name: Mo, Yani
name: Zhang, Nan
name: Kowalchuk, George A.
name: Li, Rong
name: Shen, Qirong
name: Geisen, Stefan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 1: Fig. S1. Effects of different fertilization managements on cucumber yield across six cropping seasons (a). Protistan community based on unweighted unifrac distance of different fertilization managements across six cropping seasons (b). Effects of different fertilization managements (c) and crop seasons (d) on protistan diversity. Effects of different fertilization managements (e) and crop seasons (f) on microbe-consuming protists. Fig. S2. Redundancy analysis of the relationship between environmental variables and protistan functional groups (a). The relative importance of soil physicochemical properties for protistan diversity (b) and community structure (c). Heatmap illustrating the relationship between microbe-consuming protistan OTUs that are positively associated with crop yield and bacterial OTUs or fungal OTUs (relative abundance > 0.5%) in all treatments (d). Fig. S3. Fold change increase of cucumber biomass relative to the control in treatments with inoculation of two cercozoan species in the confirmatory second greenhouse experiment. Table S1. Fertilization scheme for chemical fertilizer (CF), organic fertilizer (OF) and bio-organic fertilizer (BF) in this study. Table S2. The effects of fertilization and crop season on distinct microbial groups based on PERMANOVA analysis. Table S3. The effects of fertilization and crop season on distinct microbial groups based on linear mixed model (LMM). Table S4. Spearman’ s rank correlation coefficient between cucumber yield and functional groups. Table S5. Soil physicochemical properties of different treatments in continuous cropping. Table S6. Detailed information of indicator protistan taxa (OTUs) based on PR2 database and GenBank.
Quantum phases of a Two-Dimensional Dipolar Fermi Gas
Creators: name: Bruun, G. M.
name: Taylor, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the superfluid and collapse instabilities of a quasi two-dimensional gas of dipolar fermions aligned by an orientable external field. It is shown that the interplay between the anisotropy of the dipolar interaction, the geometry of the system, and the p-wave symmetry of the superfluid order parameter means that the effective interaction for pairing can be made very large without the system collapsing. This leads to a broad region in the phase diagram where the system forms a stable superfluid. Analyzing the superfluid transition at finite temperatures, we calculate the Berezinskii--Kosterlitz--Thouless temperature as a function of the dipole angle.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Spin gapped metals: A novel class of materials for multifunctional spintronic devices
Creators: name: Sasioglu, E.
name: Tas, M.
name: Ghosh, S.
name: Beida, W.
name: Blugel, B. Sanyal S.
name: Mertig, I.
name: Galanakis, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gapped metals, a recently proposed class of materials, possess a band gap slightly above or below the Fermi level, behaving as intrinsic p- or n-type semiconductors without requiring external doping. Inspired by this concept, we propose a novel material class: "spin gapped metals". These materials exhibit intrinsic p- or n-type character independently for each spin channel, similar to dilute magnetic semiconductors but without the need for transition metal doping. A key advantage of spin gapped metals lies in the absence of band tails that exist within the band gap of conventional p- and n-type semiconductors. Band tails degrade the performance of devices like tunnel field-effect transistors (causing high subthreshold slopes) and negative differential resistance tunnel diodes (resulting in low peak-to-valley current ratios). Here, we demonstrate the viability of spin gapped metals using first-principles electronic band structure calculations on half-Heusler compounds. Our analysis reveals compounds displaying both gapped metal and spin gapped metal behavior, paving the way for next-generation multifunctional devices in spintronics and nanoelectronics.
Sensor Adversarial Traits: Analyzing Robustness of 3D Object Detection Sensor Fusion Models
Creators: name: Park, Won
name: Liu, Nan
name: Chen, Qi Alfred
name: Mao, Z. Morley
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A critical aspect of autonomous vehicles (AVs) is the object detection stage, which is increasingly being performed with sensor fusion models: multimodal 3D object detection models which utilize both 2D RGB image data and 3D data from a LIDAR sensor as inputs. In this work, we perform the first study to analyze the robustness of a high-performance, open source sensor fusion model architecture towards adversarial attacks and challenge the popular belief that the use of additional sensors automatically mitigate the risk of adversarial attacks. We find that despite the use of a LIDAR sensor, the model is vulnerable to our purposefully crafted image-based adversarial attacks including disappearance, universal patch, and spoofing. After identifying the underlying reason, we explore some potential defenses and provide some recommendations for improved sensor fusion models.
Fault-tolerant Quantum Error Correction Using a Linear Array of Emitters
Creators: name: Kim, Jintae
name: Han, Jung Hoon
name: Kim, Isaac H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a fault-tolerant quantum error correction architecture consisting of a linear array of emitters and delay lines. In our scheme, a resource state for fault-tolerant quantum computation is generated by letting the emitters interact with a stream of photons and their neighboring emitters. Depending on the number of emitters $n_e$, we study the effect of delay line errors in two regimes: when $n_e$ is a small constant of order unity and when $n_e$ scales with the code distance. Between these two regimes, the logical error rate steadily decreases as $n_e$ increases, from a scaling of $\exp(-cη^{-1/2})$ to $\exp(-c'η^{-1})$, where $η$ is the error rate per unit length in the delay line, for some constants $c,c'>0$. We also carry out a detailed study of the break-even point and the fault-tolerance overhead. These studies suggest that the multi-emitter architecture, using the state-of-the-art delay lines, can be used to demonstrate error suppression, assuming other sources of errors are sufficiently small.
description: 27 pages, 14 figures, Accepted for publication in Quantum
Equilibrium fluctuation theorems compatible with anomalous response
Creators: name: Velazquez, L.
name: Curilef, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Previously, we have derived a generalization of the canonical fluctuation relation between heat capacity and energy fluctuations $C=β^{2}$, which is able to describe the existence of macrostates with negative heat capacities $C<0$. In this work, we extend our previous results for an equilibrium situation with several control parameters to account for the existence of states with anomalous values in other response functions. Our analysis leads to the derivation of three different equilibrium fluctuation theorems: the \textit{fundamental and the complementary fluctuation theorems}, which represent the generalization of two fluctuation identities already obtained in previous works, and the \textit{associated fluctuation theorem}, a result that has no counterpart in the framework of Boltzmann-Gibbs distributions. These results are applied to study the anomalous susceptibility of a ferromagnetic system, in particular, the case of 2D Ising model.
description: Extended version of the paper published in JSTAT
Jacob Hedges House
Creators: name: Weber, Harvey A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1970
Subjects: Photographs
Photos
Historic buildings
East Hampton
Structures
Dwellings
Hedges Family
Fencing

description: These images show Jacob Hedges House, as well as the details on the fencing around the house, located at 73 Pantigo Road in East Hampton. This image was taken by photographer Harvey A. Weber (1917-1991) and is part of the East Hampton’s Heritage Photo Collection.
description: Images within East Hampton Heritage Photo Collection seem to have been taken or collected in relation to the East Hampton Heritage project, but not all of them were included in the final publication. Several photographer are included in this collection.
Equivalent Definitions for Uniform Exponential Trichotomy of Evolution Operators in Banach Spaces
Creators: name: Megan, Mihail
name: Stoica, Codruta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 34D09

description: The aim of this paper is to give necessary and sufficient conditions for the uniform exponential trichotomy property of nonlinear evolution operators in Banach spaces. The obtained results are generalizations for infinite-dimensional case of some well-known results of Elaydi and Hajek on exponential trichotomy of differential systems.
On the Mathieu Conjecture for $Sp(N)$ and $G_2$
Creators: name: Zwart, Kevin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 22E30, 43A75

description: As a direct continuation of K. Zwart, arXiv:2304.02648, which is built on the work of M. Müger and L. Tuset, we reduce the Mathieu conjecture, formulated by O. Mathieu in 1997, for $Sp(N)$ and $G_2$ to a conjecture involving functions over $\mathbb{R}^n\times (S^1)^m$ with $n,m\in\mathbb{N}_0$. The proofs rely on Euler-style parametrizations of these groups, a specific version of the $KAK$ decomposition, which we discuss and prove.
description: 30 pages, no figures
A Large-Area Search for Low-Mass Objects in Upper Scorpius II: Age and Mass Distributions
Creators: name: Slesnick, Catherine L.
name: Hillenbrand, Lynne A.
name: Carpenter, John M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present continued results from a wide-field, ~150 deg^2, optical photometric and spectroscopic survey of the northern part of the ~5 Myr-old Upper Scorpius OB Association. Photometry and spectral types were used to derive effective temperatures and luminosities and place newly identified association members onto a theoretical Hertzsprung-Russell diagram. From our survey, we have discovered 145 new low mass members of the association, and determined ~10% of these objects to be actively accreting material from a surrounding circumstellar disk. Based on comparison of the spatial distributions of low and high mass association members, we find no evidence for spatial segregation by mass within the northern portion of the association. Measured data are combined with pre-main sequence evolutionary models to derive a mass and age for each star. Using Monte Carlo simulations we show that, taking into account known observational uncertainties, the observed age dispersion for the low mass population in USco is consistent with all stars forming in a single burst ~5 Myr ago, and place an upper limit of +/-3 Myr on the age spread if the star formation rate has been constant in time. We derive the first spectroscopic mass function for USco that extends into the substellar regime, and compare these results to those for three other young clusters and associations.
description: 22 pages plus 3 tables. Acccepted for publication in ApJ
Can High-velocity Protostellar Jets Help to Drive Low-velocity Outflow?
Creators: name: Machida, Masahiro N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamics simulations, the driving of protostellar jets is investigated in different star-forming cores with the parameters of magnetic field strength and mass accretion rate. Powerful high-velocity jets appear in strongly magnetized clouds when the mass accretion rate onto the protostellar system is lower than $\dot{M} \lesssim 10^{-3}\,{\rm M}_\odot$ yr$^{-1}$. On the other hand, even at this mass accretion rate range, no jets appear for magnetic fields of prestellar clouds as weak as $μ_0 \gtrsim 5$--$10$, where $μ_0$ is the mass-to-flux ratio normalized by the critical value $(2πG^{1/2})^{-1}$. For $\dot{M}\gtrsim 10^{-3}\,{\rm M}_\odot$ yr$^{-1}$, although jets usually appear just after protostar formation independent of the magnetic field strength, they soon weaken and finally disappear. Thus, they cannot help drive the low-velocity outflow when there is no low-velocity flow just before protostar formation. As a result, no significant mass ejection occurs during the early mass accretion phase either when the prestellar cloud is weaky magnetized or when the mass accretion rate is very high. Thus, protostars formed in such environments would trace different evolutionary paths from the normal star formation process.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Additional file 2 of Detection and evaluation of myocardial fibrosis in Eisenmenger syndrome using cardiovascular magnetic resonance late gadolinium enhancement and T1 mapping
Creators: name: Gong, Chao
name: Guo, Jinghua
name: Wan, Ke
name: Wang, Lili
name: Chen, Xiaolin
name: Guo, Jiajun
name: He, Juan
name: Yin, Lidan
name: Wen, Bi
name: Pu, Shoufang
name: Chen, Chen
name: Chen, Yucheng
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: Additional file 2. Comparison between ES patients with and without LGE. ES, Eisenmenger syndrome; BMI, body mass index; HR, heart rate; SpO2, peripheral arterial oxygen saturation; WHO, World Health Organization; 6MWD, 6-min walking distance; NT-pro BNP, N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide; Hct, hematocrit; mPAP, mean pulmonary artery pressure; PVRi, pulmonary vascular resistance index; LV, left ventricular; RV, right ventricular; EDVi, end-diastolic volume index; ESVi, end-systolic volume index; EF, ejection fraction; massi, mass index; SVi, stroke volume index.
A neurobehavioral investigation of orienting behavior
Creators: name: Midgley, Glenda C.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Models of the neural basis of visually guided behavior suggest that the mammalian brain has two independent visual systems: one involved in pattern vision, and the other involved in orienting to visual stimuli. Orienting was measured in this series of studies by examining both the thirsty rat's ability to disrupt licking in response to the presentation of visual and auditory displays and the animal's head and postural responses to the displays. Habituation of orienting behavior with repeated presentation of a display, and dishabituation to the subsequent introduction of changes in it were also examined. The effect on this behavior of variously sized cortical and subcortical lesions of the visual system and the influence of extrinsic and intrinsic variables were assessed. The investigation revealed that lesions of the superior colliculus do not result in visual agnosia or the inability to perform the appropriate motor responses involved in orienting; rather, while the orienting response is available in the behavioral repertoire of the lesioned animal, it is not always emitted in response to the visual displays that the intact animals treat as less salient. The superior colliculus lesioned animals do orient to and localize visual displays which are more salient for the intact animal. Further, the deficit in orienting to the "less" salient stimulus displays can be reduced or eliminated by changing the degree of water deprivation prior to testing and they are capable of using this display as a signal of shock. Lesions restricted to a very small portion of the lateral edges of the deep layers of the superior colliculus and the dorsal tegmentum had the same consequences as superior colliculus lesions, while lesions which included only the superficial layers of the superior colliculus did not. Lesions of the striate and extrastriate cortex did not significantly affect orienting behavior. Rats with lesions of the superficial or deep layers of the superior colliculus and rats with lesions including area 7 of cortex as well as the striate and extrastriate cortex, did,however, habituate more quickly than intact animals to the repeated presentation of the visual displays, and generally did not dishabituate in response to the changes in the visual displays. These findings suggest a relationship-between the cortex, the superficial layers, and the deep layers of the superior colliculus and the ability of animals to shift attention within a stimulus modality. The deep layers of the superior colliculus may also be important for shifts of attention between stimulus modalities (Jane, Levey, & Carlson, 1972). Overall, these results were discussed with regard to a possible modulating role of the superior-colliculus and cortex in orienting behavior and in terms of the parameters of orienting which must be taken into account in the development of an adequate model of the neural basis of orienting behavior.
Directed update for the Stochastic Green Function algorithm
Creators: name: Rousseau, V. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a recent publication (Phys. Rev E 77, 056705 (2008)),we have presented the stochastic Green function (SGF) algorithm, which has the properties of being general and easy to apply to any lattice Hamiltonian of the form H=V-T, where V is diagonal in the chosen occupation number basis and T has only positive matrix elements. We propose here a modified version of the update scheme that keeps the simplicity and generality of the original SGF algorithm, and enhances significantly its efficiency.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures
Formation and Dynamical Evolution of Multiple Stellar Generations in Globular Clusters
Creators: name: D'Ercole, Annibale
name: Vesperini, Enrico
name: D'Antona, Francesca
name: McMillan, Stephen L. W.
name: Recchi, Simone
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Some globular clusters are observed to host a population of second generation (SG) stars which show chemical anomalies and must have formed from gas containing matter processed in the envelopes of first generation (FG) cluster stars. We study the SG formation process by means of 1D hydrodynamical simulations, assuming that the SG is formed by the gas ejected by AGB stars. This gas collects in a cooling flow into the cluster core, where it forms a SG star subsystem strongly concentrated in the cluster innermost regions with structural properties largely independent of the FG initial properties. We also present the results of a model in which pristine gas contributes to the SG formation. In this model a very helium-rich SG population and one with a moderate helium enrichment form; the resulting SG bimodal helium distribution resembles that observed for SG stars in NGC 2808. By means of N-body simulations, we study the two-population cluster dynamical evolution. In our simulations, a large fraction of FG stars are lost early in the cluster evolution due to the expansion and stripping of the cluster outer layers resulting from early mass loss associated with FG SN ejecta. The SG population is largely unscathed by this early mass loss, and this early evolution leads to values of the SG to FG number ratio consistent with observations. We also demonstrate possible evolutionary routes leading to the loss of most of the FG population, leaving an SG-dominated cluster. Until mixing of the two populations is complete, the radial profile of the SG to FG number ratio is characterized by a flat inner part and a declining portion in the outer cluster regions. (abridged)
description: 21 pages, 18 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Joint Optimization in Edge-Cloud Continuum for Federated Unsupervised Person Re-identification
Creators: name: Zhuang, Weiming
name: Wen, Yonggang
name: Zhang, Shuai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Person re-identification (ReID) aims to re-identify a person from non-overlapping camera views. Since person ReID data contains sensitive personal information, researchers have adopted federated learning, an emerging distributed training method, to mitigate the privacy leakage risks. However, existing studies rely on data labels that are laborious and time-consuming to obtain. We present FedUReID, a federated unsupervised person ReID system to learn person ReID models without any labels while preserving privacy. FedUReID enables in-situ model training on edges with unlabeled data. A cloud server aggregates models from edges instead of centralizing raw data to preserve data privacy. Moreover, to tackle the problem that edges vary in data volumes and distributions, we personalize training in edges with joint optimization of cloud and edge. Specifically, we propose personalized epoch to reassign computation throughout training, personalized clustering to iteratively predict suitable labels for unlabeled data, and personalized update to adapt the server aggregated model to each edge. Extensive experiments on eight person ReID datasets demonstrate that FedUReID not only achieves higher accuracy but also reduces computation cost by 29%. Our FedUReID system with the joint optimization will shed light on implementing federated learning to more multimedia tasks without data labels.
description: ACMMM'21
Electrical Degradation in Dielectric and Piezoelectric Oxides: Review of Defect Chemistry and Associated Characterization Techniques
Creators: name: Yousefian, Pedram
name: Akkopru-Akgun, Betul
name: Randall, Clive A.
name: Trolier-McKinstry, Susan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The properties of dielectric and piezoelectric oxides are determined by their processing history, crystal structure, chemical composition, microstructure, dopants (or defect) distribution, and defect kinetics. These materials are essential in a diverse range of applications including aerospace, medical, military, transportation, power engineering, and communication, where they are used as ceramic discs, thick and thin films, multilayer devices, etc. Significant advances in understanding the materials, processing, properties, and reliability of these materials have led to their widespread use in consumer electronics, military, and aerospace applications. This review delves into electrical degradation in dielectrics and piezoelectrics, focusing on defect chemistry and key characterization techniques. It also provides a detailed discussion of various spectroscopic, microscopic, and electronic characterization techniques essential for analyzing defects and degradation mechanisms.
Coalescence of black hole--neutron star binaries
Creators: name: Kyutoku, Koutarou
name: Shibata, Masaru
name: Taniguchi, Keisuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review the current status of general relativistic studies for coalescences of black hole--neutron star binaries. First, high-precision computations of black hole--neutron star binaries in quasiequilibrium circular orbits are summarized, focusing on the quasiequilibrium sequences and the mass-shedding limit. Next, the current status of numerical-relativity simulations for the merger of black hole--neutron star binaries is described. We summarize our understanding for the merger process, tidal disruption and its criterion, properties of the merger remnant and ejected material, gravitational waveforms, and gravitational-wave spectra. We also discuss expected electromagnetic counterparts to black hole--neutron star coalescences.
description: 178 pages, 54 figures, Invited review article for Living Reviews in Relativity, accepted version
USE OF RESULT OF MEDICO-MECHANICAL VARIANTS ANALYSIS TO DETERMINE DATE OF DEATH IN HUMANS.
Creators: name: Oluwaseyi, Idowu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 110305 Emergency Medicine
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 111716 Preventive Medicine
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: This Study Used Variables at the End stage of life to determine date of Death.
Systematics of Saxifraga rufidula and related species from the Columbia River gorge to southwestern British Columbia
Creators: name: Perkins, Walter Ethen
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: In the Pacific Northwest, hybridization and polypoid variation have produced confusion in the relationships among Saxifraga rufidula (Small) James Macoun and its relatives. The entities from the Columbia River Gorge are particularly difficult to separate taxonomically. Some authors have recognized several species from that area while others recognize one highly variable, widely distributed species with varietal components. The present study approached the systematic treatment of S. rufidula and related subspecific taxa of S. occidentalis Wats. with data from numerical studies, studies of meiosis, observations of artificial and natural hybrid individuals and populations, breeding system experiments, observations of pollinators, and ecological observations. Polyploid intermediates and plants with introgressant characteristics are shown to occur, many of which appear to be the result of hybridization with the S. integrifolia species complex. Sufficient correlations of morphological, ecological and geographic discontinuities exist to substantiate the treatment of S. rufidula. S. occidentalls var. latipetiolata, S. occidentalis var. dentata, and S. occidentalis var. occidentalis as a species. According to the rules of nomenclature S. rufidula becomes S. aeguidentata. S. occidentalis var. latipetiolata becomes S. latipetiolata, S. occidentalis var. dentata becomes S. gormanii. and S. occidentalis var. occidentalis becomes S. occidentalis.
MOSES Project Overview
Creators: name: David Tidy
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: The International Conference on Maritime Autonomy and Remote Navigation (ICMAR Nav) took place from 27-30 November 2023 at the Australian Maritime College in Launceston, Tasmania.

Autonomy is an important subject for the maritime industry to discuss, with strong opinions from those supporting and opposing future technology. There are many concepts and applications for maritime autonomy, that could greatly benefit the industry far beyond the illusion of unmanned ships, which the term ‘Maritime Autonomy’ seems to trigger.

Addressing the theme ‘Driving Forward Autonomy in the Maritime Industry’, ICMAR Nav was designed to promote discussion about breakthroughs, challenges, and progression of autonomy in the maritime industry.

MOSES project was represented and presented by Mr. David Tidy from Trelleborg, who delivered a presentation entitled “MOSES Project Overview“. His presentation is available in this record.
Universal Chemical Formula Dependence of $Ab$ $Initio$ Low-Energy Effective Hamiltonian in Single-Layer Carrier Doped Cuprate Superconductors -- Study by Hierarchical Dependence Extraction Algorithm
Creators: name: Morée, Jean-Baptiste
name: Arita, Ryotaro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the possibility to control the superconducting (SC) transition temperature at optimal hole doping $T_{c}^{\rm opt}$ in cuprates by tuning the chemical formula (CF). $T_{c}^{\rm opt}$ can be theoretically predicted from the parameters of the \textit{ab initio} low-energy effective Hamiltonian (LEH) with one antibonding (AB) Cu$3d_{x^2-y^2}$/O$2p_σ$ orbital per Cu atom in the CuO$_2$ plane, notably the nearest neighbor hopping amplitude $|t_1|$ and the ratio $u=U/|t_1|$, where $U$ is the onsite effective Coulomb repulsion. However, the CF dependence of $|t_1|$ and $u$ is a highly nontrivial question. In this paper, we propose the universal dependence of $|t_1|$ and $u$ on the CF and structural features in hole doped cuprates with a single CuO$_2$ layer sandwiched between block layers. To do so, we perform extensive \textit{ab initio} calculations of $|t_1|$ and $u$ and analyze the results by employing a machine learning method called Hierarchical Dependence Extraction (HDE). The main results are the following: (a) $|t_1|$ has a main-order dependence on the radii $R_{\rm X}$ and $R_{\rm A}$ of the apical anion X and cation A in the block layer. ($|t_1|$ increases when $R_{\rm X}$ or $R_{\rm A}$ decreases.) (b) $u$ has a main-order dependence on the negative ionic charge $Z_{\rm X}$ of X and the hole doping $δ$ of the AB orbital. ($u$ decreases when $|Z_{\rm X}|$ increases or $δ$ increases.) We elucidate and discuss the microscopic mechanism of (a,b). We demonstrate the predictive power of the HDE by showing the consistency between (a,b) and results from previous works. The present results provide a basis for optimizing SC properties in cuprates and possibly akin materials. Also, the HDE method offers a general platform to identify dependencies between physical quantities.
description: 29 pages, 19 figures, 2 tables. The Supplemental Material may be obtained from the authors upon request
AstroSat View of Transient Low-mass X-ray Binary XTE J1701-462: Spectral and Temporal Evolution along the Z-track
Creators: name: Agrawal, Vivek K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: AstroSat observed transient neutron star low-mass X-ray binary XTE J1701-462 for a total duration of $\sim$ 135 ks during its 2022 outburst. The source traced a complete `Z' shaped structure in the hardness intensity diagram (HID). The source exhibited an extended horizontal branch and a short-dipping flaring branch in the HID. We find that most suitable spectral model comprises emission from a standard multi-color accretion disk (diskbb in XSPEC) and Comptonized radiation from a hot central corona, described by Comptb model of XSPEC. The observed disk component is cool, having a temperature in the range of 0.28-0.42 keV and truncated far (250 - 1600 km) from the compact object. The Compton corona has an optical depth in the range of 3.4-5.1 and a temperature in the range of 3.3-4.5 keV. The disk and corona flux as well as truncation radius vary significantly along the HID. The temperature $kT_{in}$ depends on both luminosity and inner disk radius and hence shows marginal variation as compared to the truncation radius. The timing analysis revealed horizontal branch oscillations in the frequency range $\sim 34-40$ Hz. The frequency and rms strength of HBO vary systematically as the source moves along the horizontal branch. The observed correlation of the HBO properties with the position on the HB is similar to that previously reported in this source using RXTE data during the 2006 outburst of the source. The source also showed normal branch oscillations with frequency $\sim$ 6.7 Hz in the middle and the lower normal branch. The energy-dependent study of the HBO properties suggests that the HBO is stronger in the higher energy band. We also observed very-low frequency noise and band-limited noise components in the power density spectra. The break frequency of BLN component was found to be tightly correlated with the HBO frequency.
description: Accepted for Publication in Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia, 9 figures, 9 tables
Spectral Index and Non-Gaussianity in Supersymmetric Hybrid Inflation
Creators: name: Kyae, Bumseok
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a supersymmetric hybrid inflation model with two inflaton fields. The superpotential during inflation is dominated by W=(κS+κ' S')M^2, where S, S' are inflatons carrying the same U(1)_R charge, κ, κ' are dimensionless couplings, and M (\sim 10^{15-16} GeV) is a dimensionful parameter associated with a symmetry breaking scale. One light mass eigenstate drives inflation, while the other heavier mass eigenstate is stuck to the origin. The smallness of the lighter inflaton mass for the scalar spectral index n_s\approx 0.96, which is the center value of WMAP7, can be controlled by the ratio κ'/κthrough the supergravity corrections. We also discuss the possibility of the two field inflation and large non-Gaussianity in this setup.
description: 17 pages, 2 figures, version published in Eur. Phys. J. C
Ab initio study of bilateral doping within the MoS2-NbS2 system
Creators: name: Ivanovskaya, Viktoriya V.
name: Zobelli, Alberto
name: Gloter, Alexandre
name: Brun, Nathalie
name: Serin, Virginie
name: Colliex, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a systematic study on the stability and the structural and electronic properties of mixed molybdenum-niobium disulphides. Using density functional theory we investigate bilateral doping with up to 25 % of MoS2 (NbS2) by Nb (Mo) atoms, focusing on the precise arrangement of dopants within the host lattices. We find that over the whole range of considered concentrations, Nb doping of MoS2 occurs through a substitutional mechanism. For Mo in NbS2 both interstitial and substitutional doping can co-exist, depending upon the particular synthesis conditions. The analysis of the structural and electronic modifications of the perfect bulk systems due to the doping is presented. We show that substitutional Nb atoms introduce electron holes to the MoS2, leading to a semiconductor-metal transition. On the other hand, the Mo doping of Nb2, does not alter the metallic behavior of the initial system. The results of the present study are compared with available experimental data on mixed MoS2-NbS2 (bulk and nanoparticles).
description: 7 pages, 6 figures
Phase-Space Density Profiles in Scale-Free Cosmologies
Creators: name: Knollmann, Steffen R.
name: Knebe, Alexander
name: Hoffman, Yehuda
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use a set of high-resolution simulations of scale-free Einstein-de Sitter cosmologies to investigate the logarithmic slope of the phase-space density profile $Q(r) = ρ(r)/σ^3(r)$ of dark matter (DM) haloes. The initial conditions for the simulations are determined by a power law power spectrum of the form $P(k) \propto k^n$. We compute the Q(r) profiles using the radial, tangential and full velocity dispersion, and the velocity anisotropy parameter, $β(r)$. We express Q(r) as a single power-law $Q(r) \propto r^α$ and derive a median slope $α$ in each simulation and for each definition of Q. Our main findings are: 1. The various Q(r) profiles follow a power law to a good approximation. 2. The slopes depend on the concentration parameter c of the DM haloes, where for $c \gtrsim 10$ the slopes steepen with rising concentration and for $c \lesssim 10$ the trend flattens and even turns around. 3. The asymptotic value of $β$ as $r\to R_{\mathrm{vir}}$ increases with the value of c. 4. In accordance with Zait et al. 2007 $α_{\mathrm{rad}}$ becomes more negative as the asymptotic value of $β$ at the virial radius increases. 5. This introduces a weak dependence of the $Q(r)$ slopes on the slope of the power spectrum.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS