cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A solar cycle lost in 1793--1800: Early sunspot observations resolve the old mystery
Creators: name: Usoskin, Ilya G.
name: Mursula, Kalevi
name: Arlt, Rainer
name: Kovaltsov, Gennady A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Because of the lack of reliable sunspot observation, the quality of sunspot number series is poor in the late 18th century, leading to the abnormally long solar cycle (1784--1799) before the Dalton minimum. Using the newly recovered solar drawings by the 18--19th century observers Staudacher and Hamilton, we construct the solar butterfly diagram, i.e. the latitudinal distribution of sunspots in the 1790's. The sudden, systematic occurrence of sunspots at high solar latitudes in 1793--1796 unambiguously shows that a new cycle started in 1793, which was lost in traditional Wolf's sunspot series. This finally confirms the existence of the lost cycle that has been proposed earlier, thus resolving an old mystery. This letter brings the attention of the scientific community to the need of revising the sunspot series in the 18th century. The presence of a new short, asymmetric cycle implies changes and constraints to sunspot cycle statistics, solar activity predictions, solar dynamo theories as well as for solar-terrestrial relations.
description: Published by Astrophys. J. Lett
Effects of the anomalous Higgs couplings on the Higgs boson production at the Large Hadron Collider
Creators: name: Kanemura, Shinya
name: Tsumura, Koji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the impact of dimension-six operators on single- and double-Higgs production rates via gluon fusion at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). If the top-Yukawa coupling is modified by some new physics whose scale is of the TeV scale, its effect changes the cross sections of single-Higgs production $gg\to H$ and double-Higgs production $gg\to HH$ through the top-loop diagram. In particular, double-Higgs production can receive significant enhancement from the effective top-Yukawa coupling and the new dimension-five coupling $t{\bar t}HH$ which are induced by the dimension-six operator. Comparing these results to the forthcoming data at the LHC, one can extract information of the dimension-six operators relevant to the top quark and the Higgs boson.
description: 21 pages, 19 figures, version accepted for publication in European Physical Jounal C
Molybdenum Disulfide-Zinc Oxide Photocathodes for Photo-Rechargeable Zinc-Ion Batteries.
Creators: name: Boruah, Buddha Deka
name: Wen, Bo
name: De Volder, Michael
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Photoconversion Efficiency
Zinc-ion Batteries
Stacked Design
Mos2/zno Photocathodes
Photo-rechargeable Batteries

description: Systems for harvesting and storing solar energy have found practical applications ranging from solar farms to autonomous smart devices. Generally, these energy solutions consist of solar cells for light harvesting and rechargeable batteries to match the solar energy supply to consumption demands. Rather than having a separate energy harvesting and storing device, we report photo-rechargeable zinc-ion batteries (hν-ZIBs) using a photoactive cathode composed of layer-by-layer grown zinc oxide and molybdenum disulfide. These photocathodes are capable of harvesting solar energy and storing it in the same material and alleviate the need for solar cells or power converters. The proposed photocathodes achieve photoconversion efficiencies of ∼1.8% using a 455 nm light source and ∼0.2% of solar-conversion efficiencies. Light not only allows photocharging but also enhances the battery capacity from 245 to 340 mA h g-1 (specific current of 100 mA g-1 and 12 mW cm-2 light intensity at 455 nm). Finally, the proposed hν-ZIBs also demonstrate a capacity retention of ∼82% over 200 cycles.
Collapses, products and LC manifolds
Creators: name: Benedetti, Bruno
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57Q10, 54B10, 52B70

description: Durhuus and Jonsson (1995) introduced the class of "locally constructible" (LC) triangulated manifolds and showed that all the LC 2- and 3-manifolds are spheres. We show here that for each d>3 some LC d-manifolds are not spheres. We prove this result by studying how to collapse products of manifolds with exactly one facet removed.
description: 6 pages; added references; minor changes. Accepted for J. Comb. Theory, Series A
The dissociation of a heavy meson in the quark medium
Creators: name: Park, Chanyong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the dissociation of a heavy meson in the medium composed of light quarks and gluons. In the quark-gluon plasma, the dissociation length of the heavy meson becomes short as the temperature or quark chemical potential increases. On the contrary, in the hadronic phase the dissociation length becomes large as the chemical potential increases, due to the different dissociation mechanism with one used in the quark-gluon plasma.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures
Thromboembolic Risk in Hospitalized and Nonhospitalized COVID-19 Patients: A Self-Controlled Case Series Analysis of a Nationwide Cohort.
Creators: name: Ho, Frederick K
name: Man, Kenneth K C
name: Toshner, Mark
name: Church, Colin
name: Celis-Morales, Carlos
name: Wong, Ian C K
name: Berry, Colin
name: Sattar, Naveed
name: Pell, Jill P
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Humans
Pulmonary Embolism
Thromboembolism
Hospitalization
Risk Factors
Case-Control Studies
Aged
Middle Aged
Scotland
Male
COVID-19

description: Funder: Wellcome Trust
description: ObjectiveTo assess the associations between coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection and thromboembolism including myocardial infarction (MI), ischemic stroke, deep vein thrombosis (DVT), and pulmonary embolism (PE).Patients and methodsA self-controlled case-series study was conducted covering the whole of Scotland's general population. The study population comprised individuals with confirmed (positive test) COVID-19 and at least one thromboembolic event between March 2018 and October 2020. Their incidence rates during the risk interval (5 days before to 56 days after the positive test) and the control interval (the remaining periods) were compared intrapersonally.ResultsAcross Scotland, 1449 individuals tested positive for COVID-19 and experienced a thromboembolic event. The risk of thromboembolism was significantly elevated over the whole risk period but highest in the 7 days following the positive test (incidence rate ratio, 12.01; 95% CI, 9.91 to 14.56) in all included individuals. The association was also present in individuals not originally hospitalized for COVID-19 (incidence rate ratio, 4.07; 95% CI, 2.83 to 5.85). Risk of MI, stroke, PE, and DVT were all significantly higher in the week following a positive test. The risk of PE and DVT was particularly high and remained significantly elevated even 56 days following the test.ConclusionConfirmed COVID-19 infection was associated with early elevations in risk with MI, ischemic stroke, and substantially stronger and prolonged elevations with DVT and PE both in hospital and community settings. Clinicians should consider thromboembolism, especially PE, among people with COVID-19 in the community.
Muti (2020)_Tracing Ancient Textiles_APPENDIX.pdf
Creators: name: Muti, Giulia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 210199 Archaeology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: History and archaeology

description: The file contains Appendix I, II, III, IV from PhD thesis 'Tracing Ancient Textiles. Production, Consumption and Social Uses in Chalcolithic and Bronze Age Cyprus (2800-1450 BC)' by Giulia Muti (University of Manchester).
Additional file 1 of Characteristics of longitudinal changes in quality of life and associated factors in patients post cardiac and thoracic aortic surgery: insights from a prospective cohort study
Creators: name: Sato, Masaaki
name: Mutai, Hitoshi
name: Yamamoto, Shuhei
name: Tsukakoshi, Daichi
name: Furuhashi, Keisuke
name: Ichimura, Hajime
name: Wada, Yuko
name: Seto, Tatsuichiro
name: Horiuchi, Hiroshi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: Supplementary Material 1
Additional file 1 of Identification of biomarkers, immune infiltration landscape, and treatment targets of ischemia–reperfusion acute kidney injury at an early stage by bioinformatics methods
Creators: name: You, Ruilian
name: Heyang, Zhige
name: Ma, Yixin
name: Xia, Peng
name: Zheng, Hua
name: Lin, Jianfeng
name: Ji, Peili
name: Chen, Limeng
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1 KEGG enrichment outcomes of the common genes. Table S2 GO analysis of the common genes. Table S3 Drug gene interactions of the DEGs acquired from the RRA analysis and hub gens.
The determinacy of infinite games with eventual perfect monitoring
Creators: name: Shmaya, Eran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 91A15, 91A60, 03E15, 03E75

description: n infinite two-player zero-sum game with a Borel winning set, in which the opponent's actions are monitored eventually but not necessarily immediately after they are played, is determined. The proof relies on a representation of the game as a stochastic game with perfect information, in which Chance operates as a delegate for the players and performs the randomizations for them, and on Martin's Theorem about the determinacy of such games.
description: Added a section with open questions. Similar to journal version
Visualizing formation of the active site in the mitochondrial ribosome.
Creators: name: Chandrasekaran, Viswanathan
name: Desai, Nirupa
name: Burton, Nicholas O
name: Yang, Hanting
name: Price, Jon
name: Miska, Eric A
name: Ramakrishnan, V
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Human
Biochemistry
C. Elegans
Structural Biology
Chemical Biology
Cryo-em
Rna Modifications
Peptidyl Transferase Center
Molecular Biophysics
Mitochondrial Ribosome

description: Funder: Agouron Institute
description: Funder: Louis-Jeantet Foundation
description: Ribosome assembly is an essential and conserved process that is regulated at each step by specific factors. Using cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM), we visualize the formation of the conserved peptidyl transferase center (PTC) of the human mitochondrial ribosome. The conserved GTPase GTPBP7 regulates the correct folding of 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) helices and ensures 2'-O-methylation of the PTC base U3039. GTPBP7 binds the RNA methyltransferase NSUN4 and MTERF4, which sequester H68-71 of the 16S rRNA and allow biogenesis factors to access the maturing PTC. Mutations that disrupt binding of their Caenorhabditis elegans orthologs to the large subunit potently activate mitochondrial stress and cause viability, development, and sterility defects. Next-generation RNA sequencing reveals widespread gene expression changes in these mutant animals that are indicative of mitochondrial stress response activation. We also answer the long-standing question of why NSUN4, but not its enzymatic activity, is indispensable for mitochondrial protein synthesis.
Additional file 2 of Identification of biomarkers, immune infiltration landscape, and treatment targets of ischemia–reperfusion acute kidney injury at an early stage by bioinformatics methods
Creators: name: You, Ruilian
name: Heyang, Zhige
name: Ma, Yixin
name: Xia, Peng
name: Zheng, Hua
name: Lin, Jianfeng
name: Ji, Peili
name: Chen, Limeng
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2: Figure S1 Box plots of the gene expression data after normalization.
Citizen Science SDG Conference Programme - CS-SDG project
Creators: name: Voigt-Heucke, Silke
name: Cartas, Claudia Fabó
name: Mortega, Kim
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Citizen Science
SDGs
Sustainable development goals

description: This is the conference programme of the Citizen Science SDG Conference titled "Knowledge for Change: A decade of Citizen Science (2020-2030) in support of the SDGs" that took place on 14.-15. October 2020 as a hybrid conference (in Berlin and online). This conference was an official event of Germany’s 2020 EU Council presidency. The conference took place as part of the CS-SDG project, which has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No. 101000014.
A plastid two-pore channel essential for inter-organelle communication and growth of Toxoplasma gondii.
Creators: name: Li, Zhu-Hong
name: King, Thayer P
name: Ayong, Lawrence
name: Asady, Beejan
name: Cai, Xinjiang
name: Rahman, Taufiq
name: Vella, Stephen A
name: Coppens, Isabelle
name: Patel, Sandip
name: Moreno, Silvia N J
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021

description: Two-pore channels (TPCs) are a ubiquitous family of cation channels that localize to acidic organelles in animals and plants to regulate numerous Ca2+-dependent events. Little is known about TPCs in unicellular organisms despite their ancient origins. Here, we characterize a TPC from Toxoplasma gondii, the causative agent of toxoplasmosis. TgTPC is a member of a novel clad of TPCs in Apicomplexa, distinct from previously identified TPCs and only present in coccidians. We show that TgTPC localizes not to acidic organelles but to the apicoplast, a non-photosynthetic plastid found in most apicomplexan parasites. Conditional silencing of TgTPC resulted in progressive loss of apicoplast integrity, severely affecting growth and the lytic cycle. Isolation of TPC null mutants revealed a selective role for TPCs in replication independent of apicoplast loss that required conserved residues within the pore-lining region. Using a genetically-encoded Ca2+ indicator targeted to the apicoplast, we show that Ca2+ signals deriving from the ER but not from the extracellular space are selectively transmitted to the lumen. Deletion of the TgTPC gene caused reduced apicoplast Ca2+ uptake and membrane contact site formation between the apicoplast and the ER. Fundamental roles for TPCs in maintaining organelle integrity, inter-organelle communication and growth emerge.
Structure and dynamics of hyaluronic acid semidilute solutions: a dielectric spectroscopy study
Creators: name: Vuletić, T.
name: Babić, S. Dolanski
name: Ivek, T.
name: Grgičin, D.
name: Tomić, S.
name: Podgornik, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dielectric spectroscopy is used to investigate fundamental length scales describing the structure of hyaluronic acid sodium salt (Na-HA) semidilute aqueous solutions. In salt-free regime, the length scale of the relaxation mode detected in MHz range scales with HA concentration as $c_\mathrm{HA}^{-0.5}$ and corresponds to the de Gennes-Pfeuty-Dobrynin correlation length of polyelectrolytes in semidilute solution. The same scaling was observed for the case of long, genomic DNA. Conversely, the length scale of the mode detected in kHz range also varies with HA concentration as $c_\mathrm{HA}^{-0.5}$ which differs from the case of DNA ($c_\mathrm{DNA}^{-0.25}$). The observed behavior suggests that the relaxation in the kHz range reveals the de Gennes-Dobrynin renormalized Debye screening length, and not the average size of the chain, as the pertinent length scale. Similarly, with increasing added salt the electrostatic contribution to the HA persistence length is observed to scale as the Debye length, contrary to scaling pertinent to the Odijk-Skolnick-Fixman electrostatic persistence length observed in the case of DNA. We argue that the observed features of the kHz range relaxation are due to much weaker electrostatic interactions that lead to the absence of Manning condensation as well as a rather high flexibility of HA as compared to DNA.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures, submitted to PRE
The use of direct conversion ratios and the selection of capitalization rates in residential income property appraisal
Creators: name: Farish, William Gordon
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Two problems were considered in this study. The first was of selecting a capitalization rate under the traditional approach and the second was the use and accuracy of direct conversion ratios, particularly gross income multipliers. The purpose of the study was to resolve any inconsistencies and irrationalities which may exist in appraisal theory and, to the extent that direct conversion ratios are proven useful, to establish certain guidelines to facilitate their use. The various methods of selecting capitalization rates were discussed and, where justified, criticized. Then, theoretical aspects of gross income multipliers were considered. After a brief discussion of the data and relevant statistical concepts, extensive empirical analysis, using regression and correlation models as well as the average multiplier, followed. Assuming that the objective of a capitalization device is to predict a market value, the most probable selling price, it follows that capitalization rates should be market determined. It was found that the traditional methods of rate selection did not meet the criterion of market determination. The impossibilities of selecting rates from the market were stressed. The original advantages of gross income multipliers were simplicity and data availability. Despite the traditional criticisms, the statistical analysis demonstrated another advantage, accuracy. Stratification by basic structural type, location, number of suites and income per suite resulted in average percentage differences between actual and estimated values as low as three per cent. Other results were within acceptable error limitations. The findings with regard to capitalization rates illustrate that inconsistencies and irrationalities exist in appraisal theory. The use of the traditional methods of selecting capitalization rates should be terminated as they do not result in market determined rates. The findings with regard to gross income multipliers illustrate that they are capable of predicting values very accurately in many cases. Their use is to be encouraged where it can be shown that they are accurate.
Reorganization of columnar architecture in the growing visual cortex
Creators: name: Keil, Wolfgang
name: Schmidt, Karl-Friedrich
name: Loewel, Siegrid
name: Kaschube, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Many cortical areas increase in size considerably during postnatal development, progressively displacing neuronal cell bodies from each other. At present, little is known about how cortical growth affects the development of neuronal circuits. Here, in acute and chronic experiments, we study the layout of ocular dominance (OD) columns in cat primary visual cortex (V1) during a period of substantial postnatal growth. We find that despite a considerable size increase of V1, the spacing between columns is largely preserved. In contrast, their spatial arrangement changes systematically over this period. While in young animals columns are more band-like, layouts become more isotropic in mature animals. We propose a novel mechanism of growth-induced reorganization that is based on the `zigzag instability', a dynamical instability observed in several inanimate pattern forming systems. We argue that this mechanism is inherent to a wide class of models for the activity-dependent formation of OD columns. Analyzing one member of this class, the Elastic Network model, we show that this mechanism can account for the preservation of column spacing and the specific mode of reorganization of OD columns that we observe. We conclude that neurons systematically shift their selectivities during normal development and that this reorganization is induced by the cortical expansion during growth. Our work suggests that cortical circuits remain plastic for an extended period in development in order to facilitate the modification of neuronal circuits to adjust for cortical growth.
description: 8+13 pages, 4+8 figures, paper + supplementary material
The K giant star Arcturus: the hybrid nature of its infrared spectrum
Creators: name: Tsuji, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study infrared spectrum of Arcturus to clarify the nature of the cool component of its atmosphere, referred to as the CO-mosphere, with the use of the IR spectral atlas by Hinkle et al.(1995). The nature of CO lines shows an abrupt change at logW/nu = -4.75, and the lines stronger than this limit can no longer be analyzed by the classical line-formation theory. A more simple manifestation of this fact is that the curves-of-growth (CG) of CO lines show an unpredictable upturn at logW/nu = -4.75. Similar unusual behaviors of empirical CG are confirmed in other red (super)giant stars, and it looks as if the CG is a hybrid of at least two components of different origins. Although strong lines of the CO fundamentals observed in Arcturus show strengthening compared with the predicted photospheric spectrum, the weaker lines show slight weakening, and we interpret these results as due to absorption/emission by the molecular clouds formed in the extended atmosphere. Now do clouds exist in stellar atmospheres? It is by no means easy to answer this question by spectroscopic observations alone, but we find several arguments in favor of such a possibility in Arcturus by analyzing the CO lines. In cooler (super)giant stars in which CO lines show similar unusual behaviors as in Arcturus, the presence of molecular clouds in the outer atmospheres was demonstrated by direct observations with spatial interferometry. We suggest that the formation of molecular clouds is a general feature in cool luminous stars from early K to late M (super)giant stars.
description: 18 pages, 15 Postscript figures, 1 Table in electronic form, Accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics
D5.1 Brief dissemination plan - CS-SDG project
Creators: name: Voigt-Heucke, Silke
name: Cartas, Claudia Fabó
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Citizen Science
Conference
Sustainable Development Goals
SDGs
Dissemination
Quadruple Helix

description: This deliverable briefly describes the Dissemination Plan to be followed by the CS-SDG project. It outlines the dissemination activities carried out during the project duration and sets targets for these activities.
Testing Strict Hydrostatic Equilibrium in Simulated Clusters of Galaxies: Implications to Abell 1689
Creators: name: Molnar, S. M.
name: Chiu, I. -N.
name: Umetsu, K.
name: Chen, P.
name: Hearn, N.
name: Broadhurst, T.
name: Bryan, G.
name: Shang, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Accurate mass determination of clusters of galaxies is crucial if they are to be used as cosmological probes. However, there are some discrepancies between cluster masses determined based on gravitational lensing, and X-ray observations assuming strict hydrostatic equilibirium (i.e., the equilibrium gas pressure is provided entirely by thermal pressure). Cosmological simulations suggest that turbulent gas motions remaining from hierarchical structure formation may provide a significant contribution to the equilibrium pressure in clusters. We analyze a sample of massive clusters of galaxies drawn from high resolution cosmological simulations, and find a significant contribution (20%-45%) from non-thermal pressure near the center of relaxed clusters, and, in accord with previous studies, a minimum contribution at about 0.1 Rvir, growing to about 30%-45% at the virial radius, Rvir. Our results strongly suggest that relaxed clusters should have significant non-thermal support in their core region. As an example, we test the validity of strict hydrostatic equilibirium in the well-studied massive galaxy cluster Abell 1689 using the latest high resolution gravitational lensing and X-ray observations. We find a contribution of about 40% from non-thermal pressure within the core region of A1689, suggesting an alternate explanation for the mass discrepancy: the strict hydrostatic equilibirium is not valid in this region.
description: Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal Letters; 4 pages, 3 figures
On minimal generating systems for matrix O(3)-invariants
Creators: name: Lopatin, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 16R30, 13A50

description: The algebra of invariants of several 3 x 3 matrices under the action of the orthogonal group by simultaneous conjugation is considered over a field of characteristic different from two. The maximal degree of elements of minimal system of generators is described with deviation 3.
description: 14 pages
Cosmological Models and the Brightness Profile of Distant Galaxies
Creators: name: Olivares-Salaverri, I.
name: Ribeiro, Marcelo B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The aim of this project is to determine the consistency of an assumed cosmological model by means of a detailed analysis of the brightness profiles of distant galaxies.Starting from the theory developed by Ellis and Perry (1979) connecting the angular diameter distance obtained from a relativistic cosmological model and the detailed photometry of galaxies, we assume the presently most accepted cosmological model with non-zero cosmological constant and attempt to predict the brightness profiles of galaxies of a given redshift. Then this theoretical profile can be compared to observational data already available for distant, that is, high redshift, galaxies. By comparing these two curves we may reach conclusions about the observational feasibility of the underlying cosmological model.
description: 4 pages, no figures. Contributed paper presented at IAU 2009, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Typos corrected
Citizen Science SDG Conference Abstract volume - CS-SDG project
Creators: name: Voigt-Heucke, Silke
name: Cartas, Claudia Fabó
name: Mortega, Kim
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Citizen Science
SDGs
Sustainable development goals

description: This is the abstract volume of the Citizen Science SDG Conference titled "Knowledge for Change: A decade of Citizen Science (2020-2030) in support of the SDGs" that took place on 14.-15. October 2020 as a hybrid conference (in Berlin and online). This conference was an official event of Germany’s 2020 EU Council presidency. The conference took place as part of the CS-SDG project, which has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No. 101000014.
Trade credit, trade income elasticity and the international transmission of shocks
Creators: name: Watson, Anna
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Original Paper
Trade credit
International trade
Business cycle fluctuations
Trade income elasticity
F41
E32
E51

description: Funder: Economic and Social Research Council; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000269
description: Funder: Corpus Christi College, University of Cambridge; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000591
description: Abstract: The paper examines the impact of trade credit on cyclical fluctuations in international trade. It provides new empirical evidence based on firm-level UK and Irish data showing that exporters use trade credit more actively and intensively than non-exporters. The study introduces inter-firm lending into an open economy general equilibrium model with heterogeneous firms and endogenous entry into the exports market. It demonstrates that trade credit amplifies the impact of macroeconomic shocks on international trade both along the intensive and extensive margins and that it significantly contributes to the high trade income elasticity observed in the data.
Indeterminism and Randomness Through Physics
Creators: name: Svozil, Karl
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Despite provable unknowables in recursion theory, indeterminism and randomness in physics is confined to conventions, subjective beliefs and preliminary evidence. The history of the issue is very briefly reviewed, and answers to five questions raised by Hector Zenil are presented.
description: 6 pages
A Novel Two-Staged Decision Support based Threat Evaluation and Weapon Assignment Algorithm, Asset-based Dynamic Weapon Scheduling using Artificial Intelligence Techinques
Creators: name: Naeem, Huma
name: Masood, Asif
name: Hussain, Mukhtar
name: Khan, Shoab A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Surveillance control and reporting (SCR) system for air threats play an important role in the defense of a country. SCR system corresponds to air and ground situation management/processing along with information fusion, communication, coordination, simulation and other critical defense oriented tasks. Threat Evaluation and Weapon Assignment (TEWA) sits at the core of SCR system. In such a system, maximal or near maximal utilization of constrained resources is of extreme importance. Manual TEWA systems cannot provide optimality because of different limitations e.g.surface to air missile (SAM) can fire from a distance of 5Km, but manual TEWA systems are constrained by human vision range and other constraints. Current TEWA systems usually work on target-by-target basis using some type of greedy algorithm thus affecting the optimality of the solution and failing in multi-target scenario. his paper relates to a novel two-staged flexible dynamic decision support based optimal threat evaluation and weapon assignment algorithm for multi-target air-borne threats.
description: 7 Pages, International Journal of Computer Science and Information Security (IJCSIS)
Active methods of suppressing longitudinal multi-bunch instabilities
Creators: name: Bertin, F.
name: Damerau, H.
name: Favia, G.
name: Lasheen, A.
Publisher: name: CERN Yellow Reports: Conference Proceedings
Year: 2020

description: Longitudinal multi-bunch instabilities limit the beam intensity and quality reach of hadron synchrotrons. In case the impedance source driving the instability is well known, for example an RF cavity, active feedback can be set up locally to reduce its effect on the beam. For multi-bunch instabilities excited by other impedances, global feedback systems are needed. A combination of both types is required to produce the high intensity beam for the future High-Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) in the CERN Proton Synchrotron (PS). All RF cavities at 10 MHz, 20 MHz, 40 MHz and 80 MHz involved in the generation of LHC-type beams are equipped with direct, wideband feedback. To achieve an impedance reduction beyond their electrical stability limit, they are complemented by local 1-turn delay and multi-harmonic feedback systems. Additionally, a global coupled-bunch feedback loop operating in the frequency domain with a Finemet cavity as longitudinal wideband kicker damps all possible dipole oscillation modes. Beam measurements in the PS are presented, highlighting the key contributors needed to stabilize the highest intensity beams for the LHC.
description: CERN Yellow Reports: Conference Proceedings, Vol. 9 (2020): Proceedings of the ICFA mini-Workshop on Mitigation of Coherent Beam Instabilities in Particle Accelerators, Zermatt, Switzerland, 23–27 September 2019
Vlasov eigenfunction analysis of space-charge and beam-beam effects
Creators: name: Alexahin, Y.
Publisher: name: CERN Yellow Reports: Conference Proceedings
Year: 2020

description: Space-charge and beam-beam interaction affect both incoherent and coherent motion of particles potentially leading to instabilities and deterioration of the beam parameters. An overview of these phenomena will be given with an emphasis on the observable spectral characteristics and the mitigation methods of their harmful effects.
description: CERN Yellow Reports: Conference Proceedings, Vol. 9 (2020): Proceedings of the ICFA mini-Workshop on Mitigation of Coherent Beam Instabilities in Particle Accelerators, Zermatt, Switzerland, 23–27 September 2019
Solid Waste Management in Vientiane, Lao PDR
Creators: name: Khotpathoum, V
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023
Subjects: Environmental management not elsewhere classified

description: The substantial growth in research into solid waste management in developed countries is well documented. However, the management and practices of solid waste in developing countries are not so well-known. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to focus on solid waste management in Vientiane Municipality, in Lao PDR, a developing country, and to learn from the experience of managing solid waste in Australia, a developed country. Firstly, this thesis examines the general issues and solid waste management strategies in Australia, followed by Australian policy and legislative frameworks for solid waste management. Secondly, the study investigates the current issues, legislation and solid waste management practices in Vientiane, Lao PDR. A survey of solid waste management in Vientiane Municipality focuses on the Vientiane Urban Development Administrative Agency (VUDAA), two private waste contractors, and householders. The research methodology consisted of two survey questionnaires. The first was administered to the VUDAA and two private sector providers, and the other to 102 households in both urban and rural areas. The survey results show that solid waste management practices in Laos are still inadequate, with poorly serviced households, inappropriate landfill management, weak financial status, and low community awareness. I argue that solid waste managers and households in Laos can learn from Australian waste management practices in order to improve their solid waste management practices.
Electron cloud mitigation with laser ablated surface engineering technology
Creators: name: Malyshev, O.B.
name: Valizadeh, R.
Publisher: name: CERN Yellow Reports: Conference Proceedings
Year: 2020

description: Parameters of the high intensity accelerators with positively charged beams could be compromised by electron cloud (e-cloud) effect. One of the most efficient mitigation method is providing the beam vacuum chamber walls with low secondary electron yield (SEY). A discovery of low SEY surfaces produced with laser bblated surface engineering (LASE) brought a new technological solution for e-cloud mitigation. This paper highlights the main results obtained since its discovery in 2014.
description: CERN Yellow Reports: Conference Proceedings, Vol. 9 (2020): Proceedings of the ICFA mini-Workshop on Mitigation of Coherent Beam Instabilities in Particle Accelerators, Zermatt, Switzerland, 23–27 September 2019
Sustainable Research on a Remote Island: the Cape Barren Island Aboriginal Community, Tasmania
Creators: name: Binding, CE
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023
Subjects: Social geography

description: Small, remote island communities often share problems of isolation and limited natural resources to sustain a viable economy, consequently many have sought to diversify into the tourism industry. The Aboriginal community of Cape Barren Island, Tasmania, has very limited economic activities and is considering tourism ventures. Sustainable island tourism may provide important economic, social and cultural opportunities to stimulate self-sufficiency, community cohesion, cultural preservation, as well as self-determination and empowerment for the Aboriginal community. The aim of the research was to analyse how the Cape Barren Island community could develop sustainable island tourism. The research pathway was directed by ascertaining the natural and cultural values on the island and identifying and assessing the opportunities, benefits, issues and constraints for the community to develop sustainable island tourism. A qualitative research approach was employed which incorporated the concept of triangulation. Semi-structured interviews, a focus group and field observations were conducted on Cape Barren Island. Key informant interviews representing the Tasmanian Aboriginal community and the tourism industry provided an overview of the issues and constraints surrounding indigenous tourism development in a Tasmanian context. From the research a number of themes developed: 1) accessibility, 2) infrastructure and natural resources, 3) land management, 4) community cohesion, 5) human resources, 6) skills, training and capacity building, 7) traditional skills and knowledge, 8) funding and costs, 9) cultural awareness and product, 10) authenticity and interpretation, and 11) seasonality and exogenously driven forces. There is a potential for the community to develop sustainable island tourism, and it could provide significant economic, social, cultural and environmental benefits and opportunities, however, a number of issues and constraints would have to be overcome. Recommendations were presented from the research to assist the community in developing sustainable island tourism which included: 1) capacity building and business support, 2) partnerships and joint ventures, 3) policies, processes and procedures, 4) planning, management and control mechanisms, and 5) environmental best practice.
Spatial First-passage Statistics of Al/Si(111)-(root3 x root3) Step Fluctuations
Creators: name: Conrad, B. R.
name: Cullen, W. G.
name: Dougherty, D. B.
name: Lyubinetsky, I.
name: Williams, E. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spatial step edge fluctuations on a multi-component surface of Al/Si(111)-(root3 x root3) were measured via scanning tunneling microscopy over a temperature range of 720K-1070K, for step lengths of L = 65-160 nm. Even though the time scale of fluctuations of steps on this surface varies by orders of magnitude over the indicated temperature ranges, measured first-passage spatial persistence and survival probabilities are temperature independent. The power law functional form for spatial persistence probabilities is confirmed and the symmetric spatial persistence exponent is measured to be theta = 0.498 +/- 0.062 in agreement with the theoretical prediction theta = 1/2. The survival probability is found to scale directly with y/L, where y is the distance along the step edge. The form of the survival probabilities agree quantitatively with the theoretical prediction, which yields exponential decay in the limit of small y/L. The decay constant is found experimentally to be ys/L= 0.076 +/- 0.033 for y/L <= 0.2.
description: 21 pages, 6 figures
Curvature forms and Curvature functions for 2-manifolds with boundary
Creators: name: Eftekharinasab, Kaveh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53A99

description: We obtained that any 2-form and any smooth function on 2-manifolds with boundary can be realized as the curvature form and the gaussian curvature function of some Riemmanian metric, respectively.
Outdoor Recreation in Tasmania's State Forests: Challanges and Opportunities
Creators: name: Branigan, S
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023
Subjects: Recreation, leisure and tourism geography

description: Forestry Tasmania has a mandate enshrined in the Forestry Act 1920 to manage State forest areas for multiple use purposes. This research critically assesses the governance of States forests in the Huon Forest District and the provision of outdoor recreational opportunities. A qualitative research approach was employed utilising a multiple method approach. These methods included a literature review, semi-structured key stakeholder interviews and a Recreational Opportunity Spectrum (ROS) planning framework. Results generated from these analyses were synthesised using a data triangulation process to identify the emergent themes. The conflicts that arise in multiple use management of forests were most strongly evident in stakeholders’ perceptions and highlighted that wood production imperatives dominate planning decisions. Forest management is regulated through the forest practices system, however, there are no provisions encompassed in the forest practices code to guide the on-ground identification of recreational values alongside natural, cultural and timber assessments. Public consultation procedures were perceived as being conducted in a top-down authoritative manner with a collective sense of disempowerment portrayed by the respondents. Semi-remote forested landscapes appear to be a diminishing recreational setting in State forests with future demand for outdoor activities proposed to be orientated towards these areas. Stakeholders advocated a comprehensive inventory of recreational values to be undertaken for all Forest Districts. The ROS framework proved to be a useful means of assessment which could assist in further fulfilling Forest Tasmania’s multiple use mandate.
Surface effects for electron cloud
Creators: name: Novelli, A.
name: Angelucci, M.
name: Liedl, A.
name: Spallino, L.
name: Cimino, R.
name: Larciprete, R.
Publisher: name: CERN Yellow Reports: Conference Proceedings
Year: 2020

description: The ability of a low secondary electron yield coating to mitigate detrimental electron cloud effects potentially affecting accelerators’ performances has been convincingly validated. The interference of such coatings with other properties required to accelerator constructive materials (i.e. vacuum compatibility, magnetic permeability, high surface conductivity, etc.) is of great concern and has recently attracted a lot of interest and studies. For instance, the severe impedance budget constraint requires the highest conductivity in the surface layers within the skin depth (typically some μm) characteristic of the e.m. interaction. It is therefore of uttermost importance to define the minimum thickness one overlayer should have in order to be an eective electron cloud mitigator and minimize its impact to surface conductivity. To this purpose, XPS and secondary electron spectroscopy have been simultaneously applied to the prototypical system formed by increasing coverages of amorphous Carbon (a-C) deposited on atomically clean Cu. XPS has been successfully used to qualify and quantify the a-C thickness, rendering possible a detailed coverage dependent study. A significantly thin a-C layer, of about 5 to 7 nm, is surprisingly enough to lower the secondary emission properties of the whole system below 1. This observation opens up the possibility to develop, on industrial scale, thin enough electron cloud mitigators that will not affect impedance issues.
description: CERN Yellow Reports: Conference Proceedings, Vol. 9 (2020): Proceedings of the ICFA mini-Workshop on Mitigation of Coherent Beam Instabilities in Particle Accelerators, Zermatt, Switzerland, 23–27 September 2019
Additional file 1: of Protocol for a multi-centered, stepped wedge, cluster randomized controlled trial of the de-adoption of oral chlorhexidine prophylaxis and implementation of an oral care bundle for mechanically ventilated critically ill patients: the CHORAL study
Creators: name: Dale, Craig
name: Rose, Louise
name: Carbone, Sarah
name: Smith, Orla
name: Burry, Lisa
name: Fan, Eddy
name: Amaral, Andre
name: McCredie, Victoria
name: Pinto, Ruxandra
name: QuiĂąonez, Carlos
name: Sutherland, Susan
name: Scales, Damon
name: Cuthbertson, Brian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: CHORAL educational videos.Â (DOCX 13 kb)
Adoption and diffusion research in marketing
Creators: name: Husband, Bryan Eric
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Product innovation has emerged as the most significant strategy in today's dynamic market place. The post-war years have seen an unprecedented flow of new and improved products. Successful innovation, however, requires more than placing new products on the market. Consumer acceptance is also required. The problems of achieving consumer acceptance are reflected in the high failure rates for new products. There are two main paths to more effective new product marketing and to increasing the probability of new product success. Effectiveness may be increased through better product testing and better evaluation of test results. Another approach involves a better understanding of consumers and their reactions to new products. The latter path, which is the least understood and the most obscure one, is being illuminated by borrowing concepts, generalizations and techniques from the interdisciplinary body of research called diffusion theory. Since the turn of the century, researchers in a variety of behavior science disciplines have studied the process of social contagion by which new ideas, practices, and products spread through a society. The conceptual framework of the resulting diffusion theory is composed of the following four elements; (1) the innovation, (2) its communication from one individual to another, (3) in a social system, (4) over time. The empirical research on diffusion of innovations has focused on the interaction of these four elements and their relationship to the adoption decision. Though the massive portion of diffusion research has been conducted outside the area of marketing, there is a small but increasing volume of literature and unpublished research on adoption and diffusion in the marketing field. Diffusion theory is providing a useful framework for analyzing new product buying behavior and understanding the dynamics of new product adoption and diffusion. Researchers are exploring the adoption and diffusion process for new products and services in both consumer and industrial marketing contexts. Interest is developing in the application of diffusion theory in planning and executing new product marketing strategy. Quantitative models of new product adoption behavior are being developed. The objective of this study is to provide a comprehensive review and synthesis of the existing body of diffusion research in marketing. The paper gives an overview of diffusion theory as a conceptual framework applicable to new product marketing, discusses current diffusion research in marketing and applications of diffusion theory by marketing practitioners, and presents a critical evaluation of the progress of diffusion research in the marketing field.
Online Games and Harassment in the US
Creators: name: Hawk.live LLC
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Video games
subject: Video Games
subject: Social Group
subject: Social Problems

description: The transformation of the digital landscape has changed our way of connection,game and interact with each other bringing with it significant chances as well aschallenges. Online gaming is one such popular platform that has attracted millionsof players across the world who come together to enjoy their favorite games.However, this rise in online gaming has resulted in corresponding increase inoffensive behaviors.Source: Hawk.live