cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Hybrid spin Hall nano-oscillators based on ferromagnetic metal/ferrimagnetic insulator heterostructures
Creators: name: Ren, Haowen
name: Zheng, Xin Yu
name: Channa, Sanyum
name: Wu, Guanzhong
name: O'Mahoney, Daisy A.
name: Suzuki, Yuri
name: Kent, Andrew D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spin-Hall nano-oscillators (SHNOs) are promising spintronic devices to realize current controlled GHz frequency signals in nanoscale devices for neuromorphic computing and creating Ising systems. However, traditional SHNOs -- devices based on transition metals -- have high auto-oscillation threshold currents as well as low quality factors and output powers. Here we demonstrate a new type of hybrid SHNO based on a permalloy (Py) ferromagnetic-metal nanowire and low-damping ferrimagnetic insulator, in the form of epitaxial lithium aluminum ferrite (LAFO) thin films. The superior characteristics of such SHNOs are associated with the excitation of larger spin-precession angles and volumes. We further find that the presence of the ferrimagnetic insulator enhances the auto-oscillation amplitude of spin-wave edge modes, consistent with our micromagnetic modeling. This hybrid SHNO expands spintronic applications, including providing new means of coupling multiple SHNOs for neuromorphic computing and advancing magnonics.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures
Two Dimensional Sparse-Regularization-Based InSAR Imaging with Back-Projection Embedding
Creators: name: Zhan, Xu
name: Zhang, Xiaoling
name: Wei, Shunjun
name: Shi, Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) Imaging methods are usually based on algorithms of match-filtering type, without considering the scene's characteristic, which causes limited imaging quality. Besides, post-processing steps are inevitable, like image registration, flat-earth phase removing and phase noise filtering. To solve these problems, we propose a new InSAR imaging method. First, to enhance the imaging quality, we propose a new imaging framework base on 2D sparse regularization, where the characteristic of scene is embedded. Second, to avoid the post processing steps, we establish a new forward observation process, where the back-projection imaging method is embedded. Third, a forward and backward iterative solution method is proposed based on proximal gradient descent algorithm. Experiments on simulated and measured data reveal the effectiveness of the proposed method. Compared with the conventional method, higher quality interferogram can be obtained directly from raw echoes without post-processing. Besides, in the under-sampling situation, it's also applicable.
Large-amplitude spin oscillations triggered by nonequilibrium strongly correlated $t_{2g}$ electrons
Creators: name: Behrmann, Malte
name: Lechermann, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Laser-induced ultrafast (fs) magnetization experiments in antiferromagnets have recently attracted large attention, paving the road for inherently fast spin dynamics in the THz regime without invoking stray fields. The technical importance is emphasized by the rising new research field of antiferromagnetic (AFM) spintronics, where superexchange-dominated strongly correlated compounds provide an interesting materials playground. An intriguing question is whether the Coulomb interaction may be a key to control AFM order on ultrafast time scales. Therefore, we study (de)magnetization processes in a time-dependent multiorbital Hubbard model, focusing on $t_{2g}$ electrons in a wider doping range. Depending on filling, we reveal large-amplitude spin oscillations via interaction quenches from the antiferromagnetic or paramagnetic state. Nonequilibrium ultrafast spin-orientation effects in prominent correlated transition-metal oxides are therefrom predicted.
description: 6 pages and 3 pages Appendix, 7 figures and 1 figure in Appendix
Measurement of Light Nuclei Production in Heavy-ion Collisions by the STAR experiment
Creators: name: Liu, Hui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In these proceedings, we present the measurements of centrality, transverse momentum and rapidity dependences of proton ($p$) and light nuclei ($d$ ($\overline{d}$), $t$, $^{3}\mathrm{He}$ ($\overline{^{3}\mathrm{He}}$), and $^{4}\mathrm{He}$) production in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}$ = 3 GeV, and isobaric (Ru+Ru and Zr+Zr) collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}}}$ = 200 GeV. The compound yield ratios in central collisions at 3 GeV are found to be larger than the transport model calculations. Furthermore, the kinetic freeze-out parameters at 3 GeV show a different trend compared to those of light hadrons ($π$, $K$, $p$) at higher energies.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures, contribution to XXIXth International Conference on Ultra-relativistic Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions (QM 2022)
Performance Analysis of Arbitrarily-Shaped Underlay Cognitive Networks: Effects of Secondary User Activity Protocols
Creators: name: Guo, Jing
name: Durrani, Salman
name: Zhou, Xiangyun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper analyzes the performance of the primary and secondary users (SUs) in an arbitrarily-shaped underlay cognitive network. In order to meet the interference threshold requirement for a primary receiver (PU-Rx) at an arbitrary location, we consider different SU activity protocols which limit the number of active SUs. We propose a framework, based on the moment generating function (MGF) of the interference due to a random SU, to analytically compute the outage probability in the primary network, as well as the average number of active SUs in the secondary network. We also propose a cooperation-based SU activity protocol in the underlay cognitive network which includes the existing threshold-based protocol as a special case. We study the average number of active SUs for the different SU activity protocols, subject to a given outage probability constraint at the PU and we employ it as an analytical approach to compare the effect of different SU activity protocols on the performance of the primary and secondary networks.
description: submitted to possible IEEE Transactions publication
A new weak lensing shear analysis method using ellipticity defined by 0th order moments
Creators: name: Okura, Yuki
name: Futamase, Toshifumi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We developed a new method that uses ellipticity defined by 0th order moments (0th-ellipticity) for weak gravitational lensing shear analysis. Although there is a strong correlation between the ellipticity calculated using this approach and the usual ellipticity defined by the 2nd order moment, the ellipticity calculated here has a higher signal-to-noise ratio because it is weighted to the central region of the image. These results were confirmed using data for Abell 1689 from the Subaru telescope. For shear analysis, we adopted the ellipticity of re-smeared artificial image (ERA) method for point spread function (PSF) correction, and we tested the precision of this 0th-ellipticity with simple simulation, then we obtained the same level of precision with the results of ellipticity defined by quadrupole moments. Thus, we can expect that weak lensing analysis using 0 shear will be improved in proportion to the statistical error.
description: 25pages, 8figures; published by A&A 2015
Complicated Background Suppression of ViSAR Image For Moving Target Shadow Detection
Creators: name: Yang, Zhenyu
name: Zhang, Xiaoling
name: Zhan, Xu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: The existing Video Synthetic Aperture Radar (ViSAR) moving target shadow detection methods based on deep neural networks mostly generate numerous false alarms and missing detections, because of the foreground-background indistinguishability. To solve this problem, we propose a method to suppress complicated background of ViSAR for moving target detection. In this work, the proposed method is used to suppress background; then, we use several target detection networks to detect the moving target shadows. The experimental result shows that the proposed method can effectively suppress the interference of complicated back-ground information and improve the accuracy of moving target shadow detection in ViSAR. The existing Video Synthetic Aperture Radar (ViSAR) moving target shadow detection methods based on deep neural networks mostly generate numerous false alarms and missing detections, because of the foreground-background indistinguishability. To solve this problem, we propose a method to suppress complicated background of ViSAR for moving target detection. In this work, the proposed method is used to suppress background; then, we use several target detection networks to detect the moving target shadows. The experimental result shows that the proposed method can effectively suppress the interference of complicated back-ground information and improve the accuracy of moving target shadow detection in ViSAR.
MAGIC observations of VHE gamma rays from the flaring blazar TXS 0506+056 coincident with high-energy neutrino IceCube-170922A
Creators: name: Bernardini, Elisa
name: Foffano, Luca
name: Moralejo, Abelardo
name: Peresano, Michele
name: Prandini, Elisa
name: Satalecka, Konstancja
name: MAGIC Collaboration
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2018

description: TeV Particle Astrophysics conference, Berlin, Germany, 27 Aug 2018 - 31 Aug 2018
Quantum Bayesian rule for weak measurements of qubits in superconducting circuit QED
Creators: name: Wang, Peiyue
name: Qin, Lupei
name: Li, Xin-Qi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Compared with the quantum trajectory equation, the quantum Bayesian approach has the advantage of being more efficient to infer quantum state under monitoring, based on the integrated output of measurement. For weak measurement of qubits in circuit quantum electrodynamics(cQED), properly accounting for the measurement backaction effects within the Bayesian framework is an important problem of current interest.Elegant work towards this task was carried out by Korotkov in "bad-cavity" and weak-response limits (arXiv:1111.4016).In the present work, based on insights from the cavity-field states (dynamics) and the help of an effective QTE, we generalize the results of arXiv:1111.4016 to more general system parameters.The obtained Bayesian rule is in full agreement with Korotkov's result in limiting cases and as well holds satisfactory accuracy in non-limiting cases in comparison with the QTE simulations. We expect the proposed Bayesian rule to be useful for future cQED measurement and control experiments.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures; version published in New J Phys and with an error correction to Eq. (18) and improved presentation for Eq. (26)
LHC Searches for The Heavy Higgs Boson via Two B Jets plus Diphoton
Creators: name: Chen, Ning
name: Du, Chun
name: Fang, Yaquan
name: Lü, Lan-Chun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Extra scalar fields are common in beyond Standard Model (SM) new physics, and they may mix with the 125 GeV SM-like Higgs boson discovered at the LHC. This fact suggests possible discovery channels for these new scalar fields with their decay modes involving the 125 GeV Higgs boson. In this work, we explore the LHC search potential of the heavy CP-even Higgs boson H in the two-Higgs-doublet model. We focus on the channel of H decaying to a pair of light CP-even Higgs bosons h, with two h's decaying to two b jets and diphoton sequentially. This channel is particularly involved when the relevant cubic coupling is enhanced. We find such enhancement to be possible when taking a large CP-odd Higgs mass input for the two-Higgs-doublet model spectrum. Analogous to the SM Higgs self-coupling measurement, the two b jets plus diphoton final states are of particular interest due to the manageable SM background. After performing a cut-based analysis of both signal and background processes, we demonstrate the LHC search sensitivities for the heavy CP-even Higgs boson in a broad mass range via the two b jets plus diphoton final states.
description: 25 pages, 10 figures; published in Physical Review D
Femtoscopy of Proton, Light nuclei, and Strange hadrons in Au+Au Collisions at STAR
Creators: name: Mi, Ke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In these proceedings, we present the measurements of proton, light nuclei, and strange particle with neutral kaons correlation functions in Au+Au collisions at the BES program and top RHIC energy. The experimental results will be compared with model calculations to extract the size of emitting source and the properties of final state interactions. The collision energy and centrality dependence of the source size will be studied. Further, the implications for the production mechanism of light nuclei will be discussed.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, contribution to XXIXth International Conference on Ultra-relativistic Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions (QM2022)
A Unified Framework of Constrained Regression
Creators: name: Hofner, Benjamin
name: Kneib, Thomas
name: Hothorn, Torsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Generalized additive models (GAMs) play an important role in modeling and understanding complex relationships in modern applied statistics. They allow for flexible, data-driven estimation of covariate effects. Yet researchers often have a priori knowledge of certain effects, which might be monotonic or periodic (cyclic) or should fulfill boundary conditions. We propose a unified framework to incorporate these constraints for both univariate and bivariate effect estimates and for varying coefficients. As the framework is based on component-wise boosting methods, variables can be selected intrinsically, and effects can be estimated for a wide range of different distributional assumptions. Bootstrap confidence intervals for the effect estimates are derived to assess the models. We present three case studies from environmental sciences to illustrate the proposed seamless modeling framework. All discussed constrained effect estimates are implemented in the comprehensive R package mboost for model-based boosting.
description: This is a preliminary version of the manuscript. The final publication is available at http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11222-014-9520-y
Confinement-Deconfinement Transition as an Indication of Spin-Liquid-Type Behavior in Na$_2$IrO$_3$
Creators: name: Alpichshev, Zhanybek
name: Mahmood, Fahad
name: Cao, Gang
name: Gedik, Nuh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use ultrafast optical spectroscopy to observe binding of charged single-particle excitations (SE) in the magnetically frustrated Mott insulator Na$_2$IrO$_3$. Above the antiferromagnetic ordering temperature ($T_N$) the system response is due to both Hubbard excitons (HE) and their constituent unpaired SE. The SE response becomes strongly suppressed immediately below $T_N$. We argue that this increase in binding energy is due to a unique interplay between the frustrated Kitaev and the weak Heisenberg-type ordering term in the Hamiltonian, mediating an effective interaction between the spin-singlet SE. This interaction grows with distance causing the SE to become trapped in the HE, similar to quark confinement inside hadrons. This binding of charged particles, induced by magnetic ordering, is a result of a confinement-deconfinement transition of spin excitations. This observation provides evidence for spin liquid type behavior which is expected in Na$_2$IrO$_3$.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
title: Scientific Collaboration and the Cold War: 1945-1970
Creators: name: Wyland, Autumn
Publisher: name: University of Nevada, Las Vegas
Year: 2022

description: This thesis is an examination of scientific collaboration between 1945 and 1970, covering the end of World War II and through the early stages of the Cold War. Prior to the Second World War, scientific collaboration was frequent and necessary to development and research. World War II created a new atmosphere of secrecy, preventing scientists from collaborating as they once had. This paper examines what that collaboration looked like, how it was derailed and why, how some scientists sought to return to collaboration, sometimes at personal expense, and finally what those effects looked like throughout the Nuclear Age and Space Age.This thesis approaches these questions from a Western and Soviet perspective, indicating that scientists had a unique experience throughout the Nuclear Age and Space Age. Held by new restrictions under penalty of treason, scientists were forced to modify their traditional methodology. Still, some scientists found ways to speak out against these restrictions, resulting in moments of collaboration, even at the height of the Cold War. In examining these collaborations, much is revealed about Soviet contributions that post-Cold War students may not be aware of the Soviet interests in nuclear and space technologies. This paper argues that the scientists of the Cold War offer a new, unique perspective on the dynamics of the Cold War and in looking at their experiences, one can gain a better understanding of the Cold War.
A rigged configuration model for $B(\infty)$
Creators: name: Salisbury, Ben
name: Scrimshaw, Travis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05E10, 17B37

description: We describe a combinatorial realization of the crystals $B(\infty)$ and $B(λ)$ using rigged configurations in all symmetrizable Kac-Moody types up to certain conditions. This includes all simply-laced types and all non-simply-laced finite and affine types.
Unimodularity of Invariant Random Subgroups
Creators: name: Biringer, Ian
name: Tamuz, Omer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: An invariant random subgroup $H \leq G$ is a random closed subgroup whose law is invariant to conjugation by all elements of $G$. When $G$ is locally compact and second countable, we show that for every invariant random subgroup $H \leq G$ there almost surely exists an invariant measure on $G/H$. Equivalently, the modular function of $H$ is almost surely equal to the modular function of $G$, restricted to $H$. We use this result to construct invariant measures on orbit equivalence relations of measure preserving actions. Additionally, we prove a mass transport principle for discrete or compact invariant random subgroups.
description: 23 pages, one figure
Shear modulus and Dilatancy Softening in Granular Packings above Jamming
Creators: name: Coulais, Corentin
name: Seguin, Antoine
name: Dauchot, Olivier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate experimentally the mechanical response of a monolayer of bi-disperse frictional grains to an inhomogeneous shear perturbation across the jamming transition. We inflate an intruder inside the packing and use photo-elasticity and tracking techniques to measure the induced shear strain and stresses at the grain scale. We quantify experimentally the constitutive relations for strain amplitudes as low as 0.001 and for a range of packing fractions within 2% variation around the jamming transition. At the transition strong nonlinear effects set in : both the shear modulus and the dilatancy shear-soften at small strain until a critical strain is reached where effective linearity is recovered. The dependencies of the critical strain and the associated critical stresses on the distance from jamming are extracted via scaling analysis. We check that the constitutive laws, when applied to the equations governing mechanical equilibrium, lead to the observed stress and strain profiles. These profiles exhibit a spatial crossover between an effective linear regime close to the inflater and the truly nonlinear regime away from it. The crossover length diverges at the jamming transition.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
Chimera states on the surface of a sphere
Creators: name: Panaggio, Mark J.
name: Abrams, Daniel M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37Nxx, 82-XX

description: A chimera state is a spatiotemporal pattern in which a network of identical coupled oscillators exhibits coexisting regions of asynchronous and synchronous oscillation. Two distinct classes of chimera states have been shown to exist: "spots" and "spirals." Here we study coupled oscillators on the surface of a sphere, a single system in which both spot and spiral chimera states appear. We present an analysis of the birth and death of spiral chimera states and show that although they coexist with spot chimeras, they are stable in disjoint regions of parameter space.
description: 7 pages text, 3 pages supplemental text, 8 figures
Time-Switching Uplink Network-Coded Cooperative Communication with Downlink Energy Transfer
Creators: name: Moritz, Guilherme Luiz
name: Rebelatto, João Luiz
name: Souza, Richard Demo
name: Uchôa-Filho, Bartolomeu F.
name: Li, Yonghui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this work, we consider a multiuser cooperative wireless network where the energy-constrained sources have independent information to transmit to a common destination, which is assumed to be externally powered and responsible for transferring energy wirelessly to the sources. The source nodes may cooperate, under either decode-and-forward or network coding-based protocols. Taking into account the fact that the energy harvested by the source nodes is a function of the fading realization of inter-user channels and user-destination channels, we obtain a closed-form approximation for the system outage probability, as well as an approximation for the optimal energy transfer period that minimizes such outage probability. It is also shown that, even though the achievable diversity order is reduced due to wireless energy transfer process, it is very close to the one achieved for a network without energy constraints. Numerical results are also presented to validate the theoretical results.
description: IEEE Trans. Signal Process., to be published
The Wouthuysen Field Absorption Trough in Cosmic Strings Wakes
Creators: name: Hernandez, Oscar F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The baryon density enhancement in cosmic string wakes leads to a stronger coupling of the spin temperature to the gas kinetic temperate inside these string wakes than in the intergalactic medium (IGM). The Wouthuysen Field (WF) effect has the potential to enhance this coupling to such an extent that it may result in the strongest and cleanest cosmic string signature in the currently planned radio telescope projects. Here we consider this enhancement under the assumption that X-ray heating is not significant. We show that the size of this effect in a cosmic string wake leads to a brightness temperature at least two times more negative than in the surrounding IGM. If the SCI-HI [1, 2] or EDGES [3, 4] experiment confirm a WF absorption trough in the cosmic gas, then cosmic string wakes should appear clearly in 21 cm redshift surveys of z = 10 to 30.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures. v2: A new section was added that estimates the detectability of the signal. In the introduction the discussion on the motivation for and the limits on cosmic strings was expanded. Typos were corrected, references were added. The results remain unchanged. Accepted for publication in PRD
4D-StOP: Panoptic Segmentation of 4D LiDAR using Spatio-temporal Object Proposal Generation and Aggregation
Creators: name: Kreuzberg, Lars
name: Zulfikar, Idil Esen
name: Mahadevan, Sabarinath
name: Engelmann, Francis
name: Leibe, Bastian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this work, we present a new paradigm, called 4D-StOP, to tackle the task of 4D Panoptic LiDAR Segmentation. 4D-StOP first generates spatio-temporal proposals using voting-based center predictions, where each point in the 4D volume votes for a corresponding center. These tracklet proposals are further aggregated using learned geometric features. The tracklet aggregation method effectively generates a video-level 4D scene representation over the entire space-time volume. This is in contrast to existing end-to-end trainable state-of-the-art approaches which use spatio-temporal embeddings that are represented by Gaussian probability distributions. Our voting-based tracklet generation method followed by geometric feature-based aggregation generates significantly improved panoptic LiDAR segmentation quality when compared to modeling the entire 4D volume using Gaussian probability distributions. 4D-StOP achieves a new state-of-the-art when applied to the SemanticKITTI test dataset with a score of 63.9 LSTQ, which is a large (+7%) improvement compared to current best-performing end-to-end trainable methods. The code and pre-trained models are available at: https://github.com/LarsKreuzberg/4D-StOP.
description: Accepted to the ECCV 2022 AVVision Workshop
Completing $h$
Creators: name: Dienes, Keith R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Nearly a decade ago, the science community was introduced to the $h$-index, a proposed statistical measure of the collective impact of the publications of any individual researcher. It is of course undeniable that any method of reducing a complex data set to a single number will necessarily have certain limitations and introduce certain biases. However, in this paper we point out that the definition of the $h$-index actually suffers from something far deeper: a hidden mathematical incompleteness intrinsic to its definition. In particular, we point out that one critical step within the definition of $h$ has been missed until now, resulting in an index which only achieves its stated objectives under certain rather limited circumstances. For example, this incompleteness explains why the $h$-index ultimately has more utility in certain scientific subfields than others. In this paper, we expose the origin of this incompleteness and then also propose a method of completing the definition of $h$ in a way which remains close to its original guiding principle. As a result, this "completed" $h$ not only reduces to the usual $h$ in cases where the $h$-index already achieves its objectives, but also extends the validity of the $h$-index into situations where it currently does not.
description: 13 pages, LaTeX, 2 figures, 1 table
Towards multi-instrument and reproducible gamma-ray analysis
Creators: name: Nigro, Cosimo
name: Cristoph DEIL, Dr.
name: ZANIN, Roberta
name: Hassan Collado, Tarek
name: RUIZ, Jose Enrique
name: SAHA, Lab
name: KING, Johannes
name: TERRIER, Regis
name: BRUEGGE, Kai
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2018

description: TeV Particle Astrophysics conference, Berlin, Germany, 27 Aug 2018 - 31 Aug 2018
The Sasaki Join, Hamiltonian 2-forms, and Constant Scalar Curvature
Creators: name: Boyer, Charles P.
name: Tønnesen-Friedman, Christina W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53D42

description: We describe a general procedure for constructing new Sasaki metrics of constant scalar curvature from old ones. Explicitly, we begin with a regular Sasaki metric of constant scalar curvature on a 2n+1-dimensional compact manifold M and construct a sequence, depending on four integer parameters, of rays of constant scalar curvature (CSC) Sasaki metrics on a compact Sasaki manifold of dimension $2n+3$. We also give examples which show that the CSC rays are often not unique on a fixed strictly pseudoconvex CR manifold or a fixed contact manifold. Moreover, it is shown that when the first Chern class of the contact bundle vanishes, there is a two dimensional subcone of Sasaki Ricci solitons in the Sasaki cone, and a unique Sasaki-Einstein metric in each of the two dimensional sub cones.
description: 32 pages. A gap in the argument of applying the admissibility conditions to irregular Sasakian structures is filled. Some minor corrections and additions are also made. This is the final version which will appear in the Journal of Geometric Analysis. It also encorporates much from our paper arXiv:1309.7067
Dynamical systems analysis of tachyon dark energy model from a new perspective
Creators: name: Hussain, Saddam
name: Chakraborty, Saikat
name: Roy, Nandan
name: Bhattacharya, Kaushik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we present a new scheme to study the tachyon dark energy model using dynamical systems analysis by considering parametrization of the equation of state(EoS) of the dark energy. Both the canonical and phantom field dynamics are investigated. In our method we do not require any explicit form of the tachyon potential. Instead of the potential we start with an approximate form of the EoS of the tachyon field. This EoS is phenomenologically motivated and contains some dimensionless parameters. Using our method we can construct the dynamical system which gives rise to the time evolution of the universe. We have considered two different parametrizations of the EoS and studied the phase space dynamics in details. Our analysis shows Taylor series parametrization of the EoS has serious cosmological limitations. Our proposal is generic in nature and can be applied to other scalar field dark energy models.
description: Published in Phy.Rev.D
A two-domain MATLAB implementation for efficient computation of the Voigt/complex error function
Creators: name: Abrarov, Sanjar M.
name: Siddiqui, Rehan
name: Jagpal, Rajinder K.
name: Quine, Brendan M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Mathematics (math.GM)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65K05

description: In this work we develop a new algorithm for the efficient computation of the Voigt/complex error function. In particular, in this approach we propose a two-domain scheme where the number of the interpolation grid-points is dependent on the input parameter $y$. The error analysis we performed shows that the MATLAB implementation meets the requirements for radiative transfer applications involving the HITRAN molecular spectroscopic database. The run-time test shows that this MATLAB implementation provides rapid computation, especially at smaller ranges of the parameter $x$.
description: 23 pages, 4 figures
title: Student Choice During Silent Solitude: An Examination of Reading Motivation in an Urban Elementary School
Creators: name: White, Elizabeth
Publisher: name: University of Nevada, Las Vegas
Year: 2022

description: This study was designed to examine differences in students’ reading motivation based on the frequencies with which they choose to read over other options. A modified version of the Motivation for Reading Questionnaire (MRQ; Wigfield & Guthrie, 1997), using four of the eleven categories it was designed to assess including Challenge, Self- Efficacy, Reading Importance and Reading Curiosity. The students were also observed inside the classroom by their teaching staff and their choices were recorded on a Behavioral Analysis Checklist during a structured silent break in their day. The students also indicated whether they felt more confident in reading activities or to engage in others such as math or art. Exploratory factor analysis will demonstrate reliability of the four factors under examination. Students who chose to read over other activities compared to children who did not report minimally statistically significant differences in their perceptions of reading importance or their curiosity to the task of reading. Students who chose to read over other activities did report moderately statistically significant higher perception of their own efficacy and in their desire to pursue reading challenges. These results suggest that teachers can maximize motivation to pursue reading activity by selecting passages that will challenge the readers skills and put less emphasis on the topic as students report no distinction in their curiosity levels based on subject. Classroom instruction can be tailored to identify the skills that students do not feel effective in, and teachers can use those tools to further encourage motivation to pursue challenging reading tasks.
Revealing topological superconductivity in extended quantum spin Hall Josephson junctions
Creators: name: Lee, Shu-Ping
name: Michaeli, Karen
name: Alicea, Jason
name: Yacoby, Amir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum spin Hall-superconductor hybrids are promising sources of topological superconductivity and Majorana modes, particularly given recent progress on HgTe and InAs/GaSb. We propose a new method of revealing topological superconductivity in extended quantum spin Hall Josephson junctions supporting `fractional Josephson currents'. Specifically, we show that as one threads magnetic flux between the superconductors, the critical current traces an interference pattern featuring sharp fingerprints of topological superconductivity---even when noise spoils parity conservation.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures
The ban of religious symbols : case study of veiled Muslim women in France in the light of the European Convention on Human Rights
Creators: name: Tarouzi, Kaoutar
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2022
Subjects: veils
Muslim women
France
freedom of religion
European Convention on Human Rights
secularism
freedom of expression
religious discrimination

description: Second semester University: Ruhr-University Bochum
description: The aim of my thesis is not only to show to what extent the ban on religious symbols, mainly the wear of headscarves, is considered a violation of the European Convention on Human rights concerning international law but also how secularism is one of the main complex and restricting elements for freedom of religion. In this context, veiled Muslim women struggle to manifest their religion freely, including wearing their hijab or burqa. In this thesis, there is a necessity to show through different cases and situations that Muslim women are not given their complete freedom of choice by restricting their rights, especially wearing the headscarf, which makes them more isolated and does not give them more chances to integrate while respecting their freedom of religion.
Fake information : hard approach effect regarding freedom of expression and the soft approach on the internet in Europe. The case study of Lithuania, Germany and the United Kingdom
Creators: name: Tumosaite, Daniele Froida
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2022
Subjects: freedom of expression
information
information society
human rights
Lithuania
Germany
United Kingdom
disinformation

description: Second semester University: University of Hamburg
description: Fake information have a negative effect on policies of human rights and it maintains a huge challenge to protect both. At the same time in order to bring change in the system EU started slowly moving from self-regulation to a co-regulation system and is still lacking ways in the midst of that change to release structures for human rights protection. This pushed us to gain a deeper look at the internet, specifically media platforms, and the scope of the hard and soft approaches to regulating disinformation/ misinformation effects on freedom of expression. The study conducts a case study analysis of three countries: Germany, Lithuania, and the UK. In a comparison of all three countries was discovered that the hard approach partly justifies the limitations of freedom of expression in the UK and Germany as proportionality fails in some aspects and the definitions are used too abstract whereas interestingly Lithuania has more specific term. This is probably the result of Lithuanian unique geographical and historical setting. In the soft approach, the results were pretty similar as Lithuania seemed to have more specific definitions and plans of action set. The conducted analysis revealed that legislation puts the foundation for the definition development on the specific issue.
Efficient acoustic feature transformation in mismatched environments using a Guided-GAN
Creators: name: Heymans, Walter
name: Davel, Marelie H.
name: van Heerden, Charl
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: We propose a new framework to improve automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems in resource-scarce environments using a generative adversarial network (GAN) operating on acoustic input features. The GAN is used to enhance the features of mismatched data prior to decoding, or can optionally be used to fine-tune the acoustic model. We achieve improvements that are comparable to multi-style training (MTR), but at a lower computational cost. With less than one hour of data, an ASR system trained on good quality data, and evaluated on mismatched audio is improved by between 11.5% and 19.7% relative word error rate (WER). Experiments demonstrate that the framework can be very useful in under-resourced environments where training data and computational resources are limited. The GAN does not require parallel training data, because it utilises a baseline acoustic model to provide an additional loss term that guides the generator to create acoustic features that are better classified by the baseline.
description: Final published version available at: Efficient acoustic feature transformation in mismatched environments using a Guided-GAN. Speech Communication, 143, pp.10-20
Geographies of confinement : America's carceral bulwark, 1973-2022
Creators: name: Barber, Judson Grant
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Prison
subject: Jail
subject: Incarceration
subject: Carceral
subject: Economic geography
subject: Kern
subject: Wasco
subject: Delano
subject: Chino
subject: California
subject: Mass incarceration
subject: Tourism
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Dark tourism
subject: Museum
subject: Alcatraz
subject: Charles Street Jail
subject: Alcatraz East
subject: Value
subject: Surplus value
subject: Abolition
subject: Prison abolition

description: This study examines two distinct planes along which prisons have become naturalized in the United States during the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries, paying special attention to the ways in which the carceral institution has been used to generate capital value. Focusing on museums and tourist attractions, narrative fiction, visual media, and real estate development in rural California, this study considers the prison’s novel importance to the cultural and economic function and survival of the state and nation at-large. The proliferation of the prison, in both real space and the cultural imaginary, has produced barriers to abolition that now appear indestructible and insurmountable. The primary attempt in this study is to demonstrate why and where these barriers now exist, and to consider what cultural and economic revolutions must occur for the prison to be supplanted by more productive, equitable, and just alternatives as activists and academics have championed for decades. The prison, like taxes or insurance, is one of many things we have come to assume the existence and necessity of in American culture. This assumption is so deeply rooted that we’ve lost the ability to analyze its integrity objectively and critically. This interdisciplinary project contributes to discourses in cultural geography, museum studies, and carceral studies by examining the prison as a broad cultural event rather than as a narrow social or political issue, locating the crux of abolition most prominently in economic dependence and cultural assumption.
Spontan-authentische Liveaufnahmen als Forschungsmaterial. Empirische Perspektiven und methodische Überlegungen im Kontext der Gewaltforschung
Creators: name: Braunsmann, Katharina
name: Wagner, Felicitas
Publisher: name: Universität Bielefeld
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 300
subject: Spontan-authentische Liveaufnahmen
subject: qualitative Sozialforschung
subject: soziologische Gewaltforschung
subject: Notationssystem
subject: Medienforschung
subject: SPLINOS

description: Der vorliegende Text beschäftigt sich mit spontan-authentischen Liveaufnahmen als Forschungsmaterial. Ziel des Textes ist es, einen Beitrag für die Verwendung und Analyse dieser Aufnahmen in der qualitativen Sozialforschung zu leisten. Der Beitrag entwickelt durch die Diskussion seiner Charakteristika sowohl eine Definition des Materials, als auch eine Methode, mit der diese Form von Liveaufnahmen notiert werden kann. Ausgehend von einer Reflexion der Transkriptionsarbeit an einem Video zu einem gewaltsoziologischen Projekt wird unter der Fragestellung, welche Anforderungen ein Notationssystem erfüllen sollte, um spontanauthentische Liveaufnahmen zu analysieren, ein methodischer Vorschlag gemacht: SPLINOS.
Biophysical Measurements of Protein-Protein Interactions
Creators: name: Khan, Shaheryar Ahmad
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biomedical engineering not elsewhere classified
Proteins and peptides

description: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the world's leading causes of death, with the root cause being the brain's degradation and its memory capabilities, eventually causing dementia. Due to AD's sheer prominence, it has become a highly studied disease focusing on the critical protein targets that cause significant changes in the brain. Studying the protein systems can show many ways to fight AD, from new diagnostic targets to understanding upstream causes that may indicate a therapeutic path to AD. This work will study protein systems further using biophysical methods to solicit data on the protein-protein interactions related to AD. The first biophysical method introduced is fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS), which uses spatiotemporal analysis of low concentration fluorescently tagged proteins' binding affinities. FCS will be used to evaluate the binding of antibody AT270 to phosphorylated Tau peptides to better understand their capabilities as a biomarker for diagnosing AD. The second biophysical method in this work is isothermal calorimetry (ITC), a label-free technique to obtain the binding affinities of proteins through the thermodynamics of binding. ITC will be used on calmodulin, a neuronal protein with multiple downstream binding partners associated with AD. ITC's binding results thus can be an avenue for evaluating the potential of therapeutics or diagnostics using binding partners of calmodulin.
title: Reachability and Turn Constraint Paths
Creators: name: Wallace, Sabrina
Publisher: name: University of Nevada, Las Vegas
Year: 2022

description: Problems dealing with the development of efficient algorithms for constructing collision-free paths have been explored extensively. We review existing algorithms for constructing collision-free paths under turn-angle constraints. We examine the problem of computing collision-free paths in the presence of polygonal obstacles. We present an algorithm for identifying the placement of a source vertex so that the maximum number of obstacle vertices can be reached via the shortest path tree under turn-angle requirements. We also present some experimental results on the construction of collision-free paths in the presence of polygonal obstacles.
title: Understanding the Role of Identity Salience in the Relationship between Experience of Ethnic/Racial Discrimination and Mental Health Symptomatology
Creators: name: Strong, Michelle
Publisher: name: University of Nevada, Las Vegas
Year: 2022

description: Ethnic identity salience is shown to be a protective factor in the negative impact of discrimination on mental well-being in BIPOC. However, the extent to which ethnic identity salience is a protective factor in specific BIPOC is unclear. The current study examined whether ethnic identity salience would be equally protective against the negative effects of discrimination on depression and anxiety symptoms in LatinX/Hispanic, Black/African American, and AAPI groups. It included N =168 ethno-racially diverse college students (e.g., AAPI n = 59, Hispanic/LatinX n = 72, and Black/African n = 37 American college students). Hierarchical regression analysis was used to determine whether ethnic identity salience explained additional variance above and beyond the impact of discrimination on symptoms of depression and anxiety. These analyses were conducted separately for each BIPOC group included in the study. The SCL-90-R was used to assess mental health symptoms and the CECST was used to assess ethnic identity salience and discrimination. Results of the study indicated the discrimination significantly predicted symptoms of depression in the Hispanic group, but not the other groups. Ethnic identity salience did not interact with the relationship between discrimination and mental health symptoms in any of the groups. The results did not support the hypothesized relationship between ethnic identity salience and mental health symptoms associated with or caused by discrimination. However, they did provide insight into differences between the impact of discrimination on anxiety and depression symptoms in the three BIPOC groups. Future research should use more comprehensive measures of discrimination and ethnic identity salience, as well as evaluate other important factors that might influence results such as acculturation.