cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Relation of Serum Phosphorus Levels to the Incidence of Atrial Fibrillation (from the Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities [ARIC] Study)
Creators: name: Chen, Lin Y.
name: Grams, Morgan E.
name: Soliman, Elsayed Z.
name: Lopez, Faye L.
name: Agarwal, Sunil K.
name: Huxley, Rachel R.
name: Loehr, Laura R.
name: Alonso, Alvaro
name: Lutsey, Pamela L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: High serum phosphorus levels have been linked with vascular calcification and greater cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. We assessed whether serum phosphorus was associated with the atrial fibrillation (AF) incidence in a large community-based cohort in the United States. Our analysis included 14,675 participants (25% black, 45% men) free of AF at baseline (1987 to 1989) and with measurements of fasting serum phosphorus from the Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities (ARIC) study. The incidence of AF was ascertained through the end of 2008 from study visit electrocardiograms, hospitalizations, and death certificates. Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate the hazard ratios of AF by the serum phosphorus levels, adjusting for potential confounders. During a median follow-up of 19.7 years, we identified 1,656 incident AF cases. Greater serum phosphorus was associated with a greater AF risk: the hazard ratio of AF with a 1-mg/dl increase in serum phosphorus was 1.13 (95% confidence interval 1.02 to 1.26). No significant interaction was seen by race (p = 0.88) or gender (p = 0.51). The risk of AF was increased in association with greater serum phosphorus in those with an estimated glomerular filtration rate of ≥90 ml/min/1.72 m2 but not among those with an estimated glomerular filtration rate of <90 ml/min/1.72 m2. The total corrected calcium levels were not related to AF risk; however, greater levels of the calcium-phosphorus product were associated with greater AF risk. In conclusion, in the present large population-based study, greater levels of serum phosphorus and the related calcium-phosphorus product were associated with a greater incidence of AF.
Trends in Myocardial Infarction Rates and Case Fatality by Anatomical Location in Four United States Communities, 1987 to 2008 (from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study)
Creators: name: Folsom, Aaron R.
name: Baggett, Chris
name: Wruck, Lisa M.
name: Loehr, Laura R.
name: Rosamond, Wayne D.
name: Crow, Richard
name: Shimbo, Daichi
name: Liu, Xiaoxi
name: Abraham, JoEllyn M.
name: Newman, Jonathan D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Although the incidence of and mortality following ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is decreasing, time-trends in anatomical location of STEMI and associated short-term prognosis have not been examined in a population-based community study. We determined 22-year trends in age- and race-adjusted, gender-specific incidence rates and 28-day case fatality of hospitalized STEMI by anatomic infarct location among a stratified random sample of 35-74 year old residents of four communities in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study. STEMI infarct location was assessed by 12-lead electrocardiograms (ECG) from the hospital record, and was coded as anterior, inferior, lateral and multi-location STEMI using the Minnesota Code. Between 1987 and 2008, a total of 4,845 patients had an incident STEMI; 37.2% were inferior STEMI; 32.8% were anterior; 16.8% occurred in multiple infarct locations and 13.2% were lateral STEMI. For inferior, anterior and lateral STEMI in both men and women, significant declines were observed in the age-adjusted annual incidence rate and the associated 28-day case fatality. In contrast, for STEMI in multiple infarct locations, neither the annual incidence rate nor the 28-day case fatality changed over time. The age- and race-adjusted annual incidence rate and associated 28-day case fatality of STEMI in anterior, inferior and lateral infarct locations declined over 22 years of surveillance; however, no decline was observed for STEMI in multiple infarct locations. In conclusion, our findings suggest there is room for improvement in the care of patients with multi-location STEMI.
Mutually catalytic branching in the plane: Finite measure states
Creators: name: Dawson, Donald A.
name: Etheridge, Alison M.
name: Fleischmann, Klaus
name: Mytnik, Leonid
name: Perkins, Edwin A.
name: Xiong, Jie
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Catalytic super-Brownian motion
subject: catalytic super-random walk
subject: collision local time
subject: duality
subject: martingale problem
subject: segregation of types
subject: stochastic pde
subject: 60K35
subject: 60G57
subject: 60J80

description: We study a pair of populations in ℝ2 which undergo diffusion and branching. The system is interactive in that the branching rate of each type is proportional to the local density of the other type. For a diffusion rate sufficiently large compared with the branching rate, the model is constructed as the unique pair of finite measure-valued processes which satisfy a martingale problem involving the collision local time of the solutions. The processes are shown to have densities at fixed times which live on disjoint sets and explode as they approach the interface of the two populations. In the long-term limit, global extinction of one type is shown. The process constructed is a rescaled limit of the corresponding ℤ2-lattice model studied by Dawson and Perkins (1998) and resolves the large scale mass-time-space behavior of that model.
Transformationsindex zur Einordnung einer wissenschaftlichen Einrichtung in die Open-Access-Transformation
Creators: name: Jobmann, Alexandra
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek Bielefeld
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 310
subject: 020
subject: Open Access
subject: Transformation
subject: Index
subject: Indikatoren
subject: Steuerungsinstrument
subject: wissenschaftliche Einrichtungen
subject: Bibliotheken

description: Die Allianz der deutschen Wissenschaftsorganisationen strebt eine Transformation bestehender Zeitschriften in den Open Access an. Während das von der Allianz geförderte Projekt DEAL konkret mit den Verlagen Elsevier, Springer Nature und Wiley verhandelt, hat das ebenfalls von der Allianz geförderte Projekt Nationaler Open-Access-Kontaktpunkt einen breiteren Auftrag, nämlich die Schaffung von Voraussetzungen für eine möglichst flächendeckende Open-Access-Transformation. Wissenschaftliche Einrichtungen und vor allem die dort verankerten Bibliotheken können und sollen diese Transformation durch politische Erklärungen, aktive Handlungen und die Umwidmung von Subskriptions- und Lizenzgeldern unterstützen. Mit der Etablierung eines Transformationsindex soll daher ein Instrument geschaffen werden, um Fortschritte der Open-Access-Transformation auf Ebene der wissenschaftlichen Einrichtungen und Bibliotheken zu messen und gleichzeitig zu bestimmen, wie viele Ressourcen in den Open Access von diesen investiert werden. Ebenso zeigt der Index interessierten Einrichtungen Möglichkeiten des institutionellen Open-Access-Engagements auf und dient über ein Ranking der informellen Einordnung in ein Raster möglicher Open-Access-Aktivitäten. Der Index wird inhaltlich in vier Dimensionen mit jeweils eigenen Indikatoren unterteilt und soll so die folgenden grundlegenden Fragen beantworten: 1. Wie stark ist das politische Engagement einer wissenschaftlichen Einrichtung in Bezug auf Open Access? 2. Hat sie aus dem Engagement bestimmte Handlungsoptionen abgeleitet und umgesetzt? 3. Ist sie in der Lage fundierte Aussagen über die Höhe der Ausgaben für Open Access zu treffen?
Characteristics and Outcomes of Patients With Acute Decompensated Heart Failure Developing After Hospital Admission
Creators: name: Loehr, Laura R.
name: Ni, Hanyu
name: Agarwal, Sunil K.
name: Caughey, Melissa C.
name: Kalbaugh, Corey A.
name: Rosamond, Wayne D.
name: Chang, Patricia P.
name: Patel, Mehul D.
name: Matsushita, Kunihiro
name: Wruck, Lisa M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: There are limited data on ADHF that develops after hospital admission. This study sought to compare patient characteristics, comorbidities, mortality, and length of stay by timing of acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) onset. The surveillance component of the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study (2005–2011) sampled, abstracted, and adjudicated hospitalizations with select ICD-9-CM discharge codes from 4 U.S. communities among those aged 55 years and older. We included 5,602 validated ADHF hospitalizations further classified as pre- or post-admission onset. Vital status was assessed up to 1 year since admission. We estimated multivariable-adjusted associations of in-hospital mortality, 28-day case fatality, and 365-day case fatality with timing of ADHF onset (post-versus pre-admission). All analyses were weighted to account for the stratified sampling design. Of 25,862 weighted ADHF hospitalizations, 7% had post-admission onset of ADHF. Patients with post-admission ADHF were more likely to be older, white, and female. The most common primary discharge diagnosis codes for those with post-admission ADHF included diseases of the circulatory or digestive systems or infectious diseases. Short-term mortality among post-admission ADHF was almost 3 times that of pre-admission ADHF (in-hospital mortality: odds ratio: 2.7, 95% confidence interval: 1.9–3.9; 28-day case fatality: odds ratio: 2.6, 95% confidence interval: 1.8–3.7). The average hospital stay was almost twice as long among post-admission as pre-admission ADHF (9.6 vs. 5.0 days). In conclusion, post-admission onset of ADHF is characterized by differences in comorbidities and worse short-term prognosis, and opportunities for reducing post-admission ADHF occurrence and associated risks need to be studied.
Incidence and Survival of Hospitalized Acute Decompensated Heart Failure in Four US Communities (from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study)
Creators: name: Chang, Patricia P.
name: Bertoni, Alain G.
name: Shahar, Eyal
name: He, Max
name: Wagenknecht, Lynne E.
name: Mosley, Thomas H.
name: Ni, Hanyu
name: Wruck, Lisa M.
name: Samdarshi, Tandaw E.
name: Chambless, Lloyd E.
name: Rosamond, Wayne D.
name: Russell, Stuart D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Most population-based estimates of incident hospitalized heart failure (HF) have not differentiated acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) from chronic stable HF nor included racially diverse populations. The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study conducted surveillance of hospitalized HF events (age ≥55 years) in 4 US communities. We estimated hospitalized ADHF incidence and survival by race and gender. Potential 2005 to 2009 HF hospitalizations were identified by International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification, codes; 6,168 records were reviewed to validate ADHF cases. Population estimates were derived from US Census data; 50% of eligible hospitalizations were classified as ADHF, of which 63.6% were incident ADHF and 36.4% were recurrent ADHF. The average incidence of hospitalized ADHF was 11.6 per 1,000 persons, aged ≥55 years, per year, and recurrent hospitalized ADHF was 6.6 per 1,000 persons/yr. Age-adjusted annual ADHF incidence was highest for black men (15.7 per 1,000), followed by black women (13.3 per 1,000), white men (12.3 per 1,000), and white women (9.9 per 1,000). Of incident ADHF events with heart function assessment (89%), 53% had reduced the ejection fraction (heart failure with reduced ejection fraction [HFrEF]) and 47% had preserved ejection fraction (heart failure with preserved ejection fraction [HFpEF]). Black men had the highest proportion of acute HFrEF events (70%); white women had the highest proportion of acute HFpEF (59%). Age-adjusted 28-day and 1-year case fatality after an incident ADHF was 10.4% and 29.5%, respectively. Survival did not differ by race or gender. In conclusion, ADHF hospitalization and HF type varied by both race and gender, but case fatality rates did not. Further studies are needed to explain why black men are at higher risk of hospitalized ADHF and HFrEF.
Outcomes of Patients With Anemia and Acute Decompensated Heart Failure With Preserved Versus Reduced Ejection Fraction (from the ARIC Study Community Surveillance)
Creators: name: Solomon, Scott D.
name: Ni, Hanyu
name: Wruck, Lisa M.
name: Rosamond, Wayne D.
name: Loehr, Laura R.
name: Caughey, Melissa C.
name: Avery, Christy L.
name: Matsushita, Kunihiro
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Anemia is associated with poor prognosis in patients hospitalized with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF). Whether the impact of anemia differs by heart failure with preserved (HFpEF) or reduced (HFrEF) ejection fraction is uncertain. We examined hospital surveillance data captured by the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study from January 1, 2005 – December 31, 2010. Diagnoses of ADHF were validated by standardized physician review of the medical record. Anemia was classified using WHO criteria (<12 g/dL for women, < 13 g/dL for men), and heart failure type was determined by the ejection fraction (<40% for HFrEF, ≥ 40% for HFpEF). Hospital length of stay and 1-year mortality outcomes were analyzed by multivariable regression, weighted to account for the sampling design, and adjusted for demographics and clinical covariates. Over 6 years, 15,461 (weighted) hospitalized events for ADHF (59% HFrEF) occurred in the ARIC catchment, based on 3,309 sampled events. Anemia was associated with a mortality hazard ratio of 2.1 (95% CI: 1.6 – 2.7) in patients classified with HFpEF, and 1.4 (95% CI: 1.1 – 1.7) among those with HFrEF; p for interaction = 0.05. The mean increase in length of hospital stay associated with anemia was 3.5 days (95% CI: 3.4 – 3.6) for patients with HFpEF, compared with 1.8 days (95% CI: 1.7 – 1.9) for those with HFrEF; p for interaction <0.0001. In conclusion, the incremental risks of death and lengthened hospital stay associated with anemia are more pronounced in ADHF patients classified with HFpEF than HFrEF.
Tests of CPT and Lorentz symmetry from muon anomalous magnetic dipole moment
Creators: name: Stadnik, Y. V.
name: Roberts, B. M.
name: Flambaum, V. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive the relativistic factor for splitting of the $g$-factors of a fermion and its anti-fermion partner, which is important for placing constraints on dimension-5, $CPT$-odd and Lorentz-invariance-violating interactions from experiments performed in a cyclotron. From existing data, we extract limits (1$σ$) on the coupling strengths of the temporal component, $f^0$, of a background field (including the field amplitude), which is responsible for such $g$-factor splitting, with an electron, proton, and muon: $|f^0_e|< 2.3 \times 10^{-12} ~μ_{\textrm{B}}$, $|f^0_p|< 4 \times 10^{-9} ~μ_{\textrm{B}}$, and $|f^0_μ|< 8 \times 10^{-11} ~μ_{\textrm{B}}$, respectively, in the laboratory frame. From existing data, we also extract limits on the coupling strengths of the spatial components, $d^{\perp}$, of related dimension-5 interactions of a background field with an electron, proton, neutron, and muon: $| {d}_e^{\perp} | \lesssim 10^{-9} ~μ_{\textrm{B}}$, $| {d}_p^{\perp} | \lesssim 10^{-9} ~μ_{\textrm{B}}$, $| {d}_n^{\perp} | \lesssim 10^{-10} ~μ_{\textrm{B}}$, and $| {d}_μ^{\perp} | \lesssim 10^{-9} ~μ_{\textrm{B}}$, respectively, in the laboratory frame.
description: 6 pages. Minor corrections and new references added
Risikomessung verschiedener Asset- und Subassetklassen - ein weitergehender Ansatz
Creators: name: Bürkler, Nicolas (Co-Autor/in)
name: Hunziker, Stefan (Co-Autor/in)
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Risiko
Rendite
Performance
Risikobeurteilung
Risikomass
Assetklassen
Risikoindikatoren

description: Das von den Autoren entwickelte Extended Risk Rating (ERR) versteht sich als Ansatz, das Risiko von Kapitalanlagen verschiedener Asset- und Subassetklassen zu messen. Die gängige Beurteilung der Risiken einer Kapitalanlage mittels der Volatilitat oder darauf aufbauenden Konzepten ist ungenügend. Erstens entspricht die Volatilität nicht dem Risikoemp nden der Anleger, zweitens ist sie nur auf Assetklassen mit genügend langen Datenreihen anwendbar und schliesslich ist sie bei realen Periodenrenditen häufig nicht definiert. Die Herausforderung bei der Risikomessung liegt in einer angemessenen Risikobeurteilung. Eine starke Risikoaversion oder eine zu vorsichtige Risikobeurteilung hat zur Folge, dass Renditepotenziale weggegeben werden. Andererseits kann die Konsequenz einer zu laschen Risikomessung grosse Verluste bedeuten. Das ERR versucht verschiedenen Risikoarten von Kapitalanlagen zu genügen. Einerseits sind die statistischen Risiken, welche durch Wahrscheinlichkeitsverteilungen und Verlustrisikomasse wie beispielsweise den "Expected Shortfall" modelliert werden, zu berücksichtigen. Andererseits werden auch Risikoindikatoren wie etwa die Tendenz einer Assetklasse Preisblasen zu bilden, das Erholungspotenzial und der kumulative Maximalverlust einbezogen.
description: + ID der Publikation: hslu_18869 + Art des Beitrages: Working Paper + Reihe: IFZ Working Paper, No 003/2008 + Sprache: Deutsch + Letzte Aktualisierung: 2018-09-20 15:44:44
Temporal Trends in the Occurrence and Outcomes of Atrial Fibrillation in Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction (from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Surveillance Study)
Creators: name: Lutsey, Pamela L.
name: Michos, Erin D.
name: Rosamond, Wayne D.
name: Alonso, Alvaro
name: Chen, Lin Y.
name: Duval, Sue
name: Whitsel, Eric A.
name: Chamberlain, Alanna M.
name: Bengtson, Lindsay G.S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Atrial fibrillation (AF) frequently coexists in the setting of myocardial infarction (MI), being associated with increased mortality. Nonetheless, temporal trends in the occurrence of AF complicating MI and in the prognosis of these patients are not well described. We examined temporal trends in prevalence of AF in the setting of MI and the effect of AF on prognosis in the community. We studied a population-based sample of 20,049 validated first incident nonfatal hospitalized MIs among 35- to 74-year old residents of 4 communities in the ARIC Study from 1987 through 2009. Prevalence of AF in the setting of MI increased from 11% to 15% during the 23-year study period. The multivariable adjusted odds ratio for prevalent AF, per 5-year increment, was 1.11 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.04–1.19). Overall, in patients with MI, AF was associated with increased 1-year case fatality (OR 1.47, 95% CI 1.07–2.01) compared to those without AF. However, there was no evidence that the impact of AF on MI survival changed over time or differed over time by sex, race or MI classification (all p-values > 0.10). In conclusion, co-occurrence of AF in MI slightly increased between 1987 and 2009. The adverse impact of AF on survival in the setting of MI was consistent throughout. In the setting of MI, co-occurrence of AF should be viewed as a critical clinical event, and treatment needs unique to this population should be explored further.
Displacive-type ferroelectricity from magnetic correlations within spin-chain
Creators: name: Basu, Tathamay
name: Kishore, V. V. Ravi
name: Gohil, Smita
name: Singh, Kiran
name: Mohapotra, N.
name: Bhattacharjee, S.
name: Gonde, Babu
name: Lalla, N. P.
name: Mahadevan, Priya
name: Ghosh, Shankar
name: Sampathkumaran, E. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Observation of ferroelectricity among non-d0 systems, which was believed for a long time an unrealistic concept, led to various proposals for the mechanisms to explain the same (i.e. magnetically induced ferroelectricity) during last decade. Here, we provide support for ferroelectricity of a displacive-type possibly involving magnetic ions due to short-range magnetic correlations within a spin-chain, through the demonstration of magnetoelectric coupling in a Haldane spin-chain compound Er2BaNiO5 well above its Néel temperature of (TN=) 32K. There is a distinct evidence for electric polarization setting in near 60 K around which there is an evidence for short-range magnetic correlations from other experimental methods. Raman studies also establish a softening of phonon modes in the same temperature (T) range and T-dependent x-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns also reveal lattice parameters anomalies. Density-functional theory based calculations establish a displacive component (similar to d0-ness) as the root-cause of ferroelectricity from (magnetic) NiO6 chain, thereby offering a new route to search for similar materials near room temperature to enable applications.
title: Weiterbildung und Wertschöpfung an einem Ort: Neues betriebliches Lernen für KI-Anwendungen in der Produktion
Creators: name: Rosemeyer, Jannik
name: Metternich, Joachim
Publisher: name: UNSPECIFIED
Year: 2023

description: Künstliche Intelligenz (KI) ist nicht aufzuhalten – oder vielleicht doch? Ein Problem in der Praxis ist es, geschultes Personal für den Umgang mit KI zu finden. Mit einer zunehmenden Verbreitung von KI-Anwendungen in der Produktion steigen gleichermaßen die Anforderungen an die betriebliche Weiterbildung der Mitarbeitenden, um die Technologie adäquat verwenden zu können. Lernen außerhalb des Arbeitsplatzes bspw. in Form von Seminaren und Weiterbildungen kann die spezifischen Anforderungen, die bei der Implementierung der neuen Technologie an einem Arbeitsplatz oder Prozess gefragt sind, nur unzureichend erfüllen. Am Mittelstand-Digital Zentrum Darmstadt wird daher an einem kognitiven Assistenzsystem gearbeitet, durch welches Mitarbeitende direkt am Ort der Wertschöpfung die Grundlagen der KI vermittelt bekommen und diese an ihrem Arbeitsplatz unmittelbar nutzen können.
Usefulness of Electrocardiographic QRS/T Angles With Versus Without Bundle Branch Blocks to Predict Heart Failure (from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study)
Creators: name: Soliman, Elsayed Z.
name: Rosamond, Wayne
name: Zhang, Zhu-ming
name: Prineas, Ronald J.
name: Rautaharju, Pentti M.
name: Loehr, Laura
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Repolarization abnormalities in the setting of bundle branch blocks (BBB) are generally ignored. We used Cox regression models to determine hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for incident heart failure (HF) associated with wide spatial and frontal QRS/T angle (upper 25th percentile of each) in men and women with and without BBB. This analysis included 14,478 participants (54.6% women, 26.4% blacks, 377 (2.6%) with BBB) from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study who were free of HF at baseline. Using No-BBB with normal spatial QRS/T angle as the reference group, the risk for HF in multivariable adjusted models was increased 51% for No-BBB with wide spatial QRS/T angle (HR 1.51, CI 1.37–1.66), 48% for BBB with normal spatial QRS/T angle (HR 1.48, CI 1.17–1.88), and the risk for incident HF was increased over 3-fold for BBB with wide spatial QRS/T angle (HR 3.37, CI 2.47–4.60). The results were consistent across subgroups by sex. Similar results were observed for the frontal plane QRS/T angle. In the pooled BBB group excluding RBBB, a positive T wave in lead aVR and heart rate 70 bpm and higher were also potent predictors of incident HF similar to the QRS/T angles. In conclusion, both BBB and wide QRS/T angles are predictive of heart failure, and concomitant presence of both carries a much higher risk than for either predictor alone. These findings suggest that repolarization abnormalities in the setting of BBB should not be considered benign or an expected consequence of BBB.
Potential of Marker-Assisted Selection in Rice
Creators: name: Pavan Chouksey, Yogendra Singh and Gaurav Singh Rathore
Publisher: name: The Science world a Monthly e magazine
Year: 2025

description: Modern rice breeding has been entirely reshaped by marker-assisted selection (MAS), which makes it possible to select for desired traits quickly, accurately, and economically. Recent advances in MAS technology as they relate to rice are thoroughly addressed in this article, with a focus on advancements in marker discovery, QTL mapping, and integration with next-generation sequencing. We go over current practices, difficulties encountered in real-world breeding situations, and potential future developments, particularly the integration of MAS with gene editing and genomic selection. Recent findings (2023–2024) that highlight the growing precision and efficacy of MAS strategies—which are essential in tackling yield constraints, disease resistance, and climate change adaptation in rice cultivation—support the review.
A random walk model to study the cycles emerging from the exploration-exploitation trade-off
Creators: name: Kazimierski, Laila D.
name: Abramson, Guillermo
name: Kuperman, Marcelo N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a model for a random walk with memory, phenomenologically inspired in a biological system. The walker has the capacity to remember the time of the last visit to each site and the step taken from there. This memory affects the behavior of the walker each time it reaches an already visited site modulating the probability of repeating previous moves. This probability increases with the time elapsed from the last visit. A biological analog of the walker is a frugivore, with the lattice sites representing plants. The memory effect can be associated with the time needed by plants to recover its fruit load. We propose two different strategies, conservative and explorative, as well as intermediate cases, leading to non intuitive interesting results, such as the emergence of cycles.
description: To appear in Phys. Rev. E
Leukocyte Telomere Length and Coronary Artery Calcium
Creators: name: Kimura, Masayuki
name: Aviv, Abraham
name: Heiss, Gerardo
name: Province, Michael A.
name: Hopkins, Paul N.
name: Carr, J. Jeffrey
name: Hunt, Steven C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Patients with a history of myocardial infarction display shortened leukocyte telomere length (LTL), but conflicting findings have been reported on the relation between LTL and subclinical coronary artery atherosclerosis, as expressed in coronary artery calcium (CAC). We examined the relation between LTL, measured by Southern blots, with CAC in 3,169 participants in the NHLBI Family Heart Study. Participants consisted of 2,556 whites, 613 blacks, 1,790 women and 1,379 men. The odds of having CAC≥100 for the shortest LTL tertile versus the longest LTL tertile were 1.95 (1.28, 3.16) in white males and 1.76 (1.18, 2.45) in white females, after adjusting for multiple covariates of CAC. The corresponding odd ratios for blacks were 1.53 (0.67, 3.50) and 0.87 (0.37, 2.00). Tests for trend across LTL tertiles were p=0.002 in white males, p=0.006 in white females, p=0.32 in black males and p=0.74 in black females. The associations, or lack of associations, were independent of C-reactive protein levels and other risk factors for CAC. As previously shown in other studies, whites displayed a shorter LTL than blacks (p<0.0001). In conclusion, the higher the coronary artery atherosclerotic burden in whites, the shorter the LTL. This LTL-atherosclerosis connection is not found in blacks. The mechanisms for the racial difference in LTL, CAC and their inter-relations do not seem to be related to inflammation and merit further research.
title: Relationships, Assets and Social Capital: A Case Study Review of Youth Mentoring
Creators: name: Comfort, Catherine Jean
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2023

description: Youth mentoring, where young people (mentees) work with adult mentors to achieve change, is a popular government and third sector intervention. Past research, concentrating on quantitative analysis of US programmes, concludes that mentoring achieves significant but modest change. Such research assumes that changes from mentoring can be externally identified and measured, often without hearing the views of those involved. This study investigates the experiences and expectations of mentoring from the perspective of mentees, mentors, referring agencies and programme coordinators. Using social capital theory (Bourdieu, 1986; Coleman, 1988; Putnam, 2000), the study explores how mentoring relationships are built and their role in bringing about change. A local authority youth mentoring programme in the UK formed the case study for investigating experiences of mentoring and perceptions of change. To allow nuanced exploration of views, an interpretive, qualitative approach was taken. Data were collected from mentors, mentees, referring agencies and coordinators via semi-structured interviews, survey, diaries, focus groups and programme feedback. Data collection and thematic analysis were informed by social capital theory. Findings indicated that mentees actively participating in the mentoring process benefitted most. Mentees experienced unusual levels of equality in the purposeful and trusting mentoring relationship. Drawing on the relationship’s social capital, mentees enhanced their assets and enjoyed emotional support, learning and challenge. Collaborating with mentors, mentees achieved previously inaccessible outcomes. Assets developed could be used in other relationships. The study also concludes that social capital and asset acquisition provide a theoretical basis for understanding the mentoring process. By encouraging asset and social capital exchange, mentoring develops mentees’ self-awareness, agency, and confidence, increasing the likelihood of resilience. This knowledge may be transferable to other programmes and relationships. Supporting young people’s knowledge of their needs and strengths through mentoring may contribute to their wellbeing post 2019 Covid pandemic.
Medication Adherence Based on Part D Claims for Patients With Heart Failure After Hospitalization (from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study)
Creators: name: Rodgers, Jo E.
name: Kucharska-Newton, Anna M.
name: Sueta, Carla A.
name: Stearns, Sally C.
name: Chang, Patricia P.
name: Zhou, Lei
name: Thudium, Emily M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Medication non-adherence is a common precipitant of heart failure (HF) hospitalization and is associated with poor outcomes. Recent analyses of national data focus on long-term medication adherence. Little is known about adherence of HF patients immediately following hospitalization. Hospitalized HF patients were identified from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study. ARIC data were linked to Medicare inpatient and Part D claims from 2006–2009. Inclusion criteria were: a chart adjudicated diagnosis of acute decompensated or chronic HF; documentation of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor/angiotensin receptor blocker (ACEI/ARB), beta-blocker (BB), or diuretic prescription at discharge; Medicare Part D coverage. Proportion ambulatory days covered (PADC) was calculated for up to twelve 30-day periods after discharge. Adherence was defined as ≥80% PADC. We identified 402 participants with Medicare Part D: mean age 75, 30% male, 41% black. Adherence at 1, 3 and 12 months was 70%, 61%, 53% for ACEI/ARB, 76%, 66%, 62% for BB, and 75%, 68%, 59% for diuretic. Adherence to any single drug class was positively correlated with being adherent to other classes. Adherence varied by geographic site/race for ACEI/ARB and BB but not diuretics. In conclusion, despite having Part D coverage, medication adherence post discharge for all three medication classes declined over 2–4 months after discharge, followed by a plateau over the subsequent year. Interventions should focus on early and sustained adherence.
Conformal a-charge, correlation functions and conical defects
Creators: name: Solodukhin, Sergey N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this note we demonstrate that, as we conjectured earlier in [1], the a-charge in the conformal anomaly in dimension $d=2n$ manifests in a $n$-point correlation function of energy momentum tensor of a CFT considered in flat spacetime with a conical defect. We consider in detail dimensions $d=2,\, 4,\, 6$ and give a general formula for arbitrary $n$.
description: 10 pages; v2: new references added + several remarks on absence of contribution from anomaly of type B added
An ultimate storage ring lattice with vertical emittance generated by damping wigglers
Creators: name: Huang, Xiaobiao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the approach of generating round beams for ultimate storage rings using vertical damping wigglers (with horizontal magnetic field). The vertical damping wigglers provide damping and excite vertical emittance. This eliminates the need to generate large linear coupling that is impractical with traditional off-axis injection. We use a PEP-X compatible lattice to demonstrate the approach. This lattice uses separate quadrupole and sextupole magnets with realistic gradient strengths. Intrabeam scattering effects are calculated. The horizontal and vertical emittances are 22.3 pm and 10.3 pm, respectively, for a 200 mA, 4.5 GeV beam, with a vertical damping wiggler of a total length of 90 meters, peak field of 1.5 T and wiggler period of 100 mm.
Does Marijuana Use Serve as a Gateway to Cigarette Use for High-Risk African-American Youth?
Creators: name: Perron, Brian
name: Copeland, Valire
name: Howard, Matthew
name: Wallace, John
name: Vaughn, Michael
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: The purpose of this investigation was to test whether the gateway hypothesis of drug initiation sequencing applies equally well to high-risk African-American and Caucasian youth.
Patterns and correlates of drug-related ED visits: results from a national survey
Creators: name: Monsell, Sarah E.
name: Vaughn, Michael G.
name: Perron, Brian E.
name: Bohnert, Amy S.B.
name: Howard, Matthew O.
name: Epperson, Matthew
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Drug treatment can be effective in community-based settings, but drug users tend to under-utilize these treatment options and instead seek services in emergency departments (ED) and other acute care settings. The goals of this study were to describe prevalence and correlates of drug-related ED visits.
Randomized trials in emergency medicine journals, 2008 to 2011
Creators: name: Hunold, Katherine M.
name: Jones, Christopher W.
name: Platts-Mills, Timothy F.
name: Isaacs, Cameron G.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Knowledge of current areas of activity in emergency medicine research may improve collaboration among investigators and may help inform decisions about future research priorities. Randomized controlled trials are a key component of research activity and an essential tool for improving care. We investigated the characteristics of randomized trials recently published in emergency medicine journals.
Andreas Zechner, Steinbock, Mensch und Klima. Das Ende der letzten autochthonen Steinwildpopulation der Ostalpen im Zillertal, 1687–1711, Köln, Weimar, Wien (Böhlau) 2022
Creators: name: Vogt, Aline
Publisher: name: Francia-Recensio
Year: 2022

description: Andreas Zechner, Steinbock, Mensch und Klima. Das Ende der letzten autochthonen Steinwildpopulation der Ostalpen im Zillertal, 1687–1711, Köln, Weimar, Wien (Böhlau) 2022, 280 S., 37 Abb. (Umwelthistorische Forschungen, 10), ISBN 978-3-412-52396-1, EUR 50,00.
description: Francia-Recensio, 2022/3
Reconstructing the neutron-star equation of state with gravitational-wave detectors from a realistic population of inspiralling binary neutron stars
Creators: name: Lackey, Benjamin D.
name: Wade, Leslie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gravitational-wave observations of inspiralling binary neutron star systems can be used to measure the neutron-star equation of state (EOS) through the tidally induced shift in the waveform phase that depends on the tidal deformability parameter $λ$. Previous work has shown that $λ$, a function of the neutron-star EOS and mass, is measurable by Advanced LIGO for a single event when including tidal information up to the merger frequency. In this work, we describe a method for stacking measurements of $λ$ from multiple inspiral events to measure the EOS. We use Markov chain Monte Carlo simulations to estimate the parameters of a 4-parameter piecewise polytrope EOS that matches theoretical EOS models to a few percent. We find that, for "realistic" event rates ($\sim 40$ binary neutron star inspiral events per year with signal-to-noise ratio $> 8$ in a single Advanced LIGO detector), combining a year of gravitational-wave data from a three-detector network with the constraints from causality and recent high mass neutron-star measurements, the EOS above nuclear density can be measured to better than a factor of two in pressure in most cases. We also find that in the mass range $1M_\odot$--$2M_\odot$, the neutron-star radius can be measured to better than $\pm 1$ km and the tidal deformability can be measured to better than $\pm 1 \times 10^{36}$ g cm$^2$ s$^2$ (10%--50% depending on the EOS and mass). The overwhelming majority of this information comes from the loudest $\sim 5$ events. Current uncertainties in the post-Newtonian waveform model, however, lead to systematic errors in the EOS measurement that are as large as the statistical errors, and more accurate waveform models are needed to minimize this error.
description: 21 pages, 12 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. D
Constanze Weiske, Lawful Conquest? European Colonial Law and Appropriation Practices in Northeastern South America, Trinidad, and Tobago, 1498–1817, Berlin, Boston (De Gruyter Oldenbourg) 2021
Creators: name: Tricoire, Damien
Publisher: name: Francia-Recensio
Year: 2022

description: Constanze Weiske, Lawful Conquest? European Colonial Law and Appropriation Practices in Northeastern South America, Trinidad, and Tobago, 1498–1817, Berlin, Boston (De Gruyter Oldenbourg) 2021, 343 S., 16 Abb. (Dialectics of the Global, 12), ISBN 978-3-11-068999-0, EUR 79,95.
description: Francia-Recensio, 2022/3
Contributions of Pain Sensitivity and Colonic Motility to IBS Symptom Severity and Predominant Bowel Habits
Creators: name: van Tilburg, Miranda A.L.
name: Chitkara, Denesh K.
name: Drossman, Douglas A.
name: Kanazawa, Motoyori
name: Fukudo, Shin
name: Turner, Marsha J.
name: Palsson, Olafur S.
name: Gangarosa, Lisa M.
name: Thiwan, Syed I.M.
name: Whitehead, William E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) patients show pain hypersensitivity and hypercontractility in response to colonic or rectal distention. Aims were to determine whether predominant bowel habits and IBS symptom severity are related to pain sensitivity, colon motility, or smooth muscle tone.
title: More Efficient Techniques for Adaptively-Secure Cryptography
Creators: name: Niehues, David
Publisher: name: Bergische Universität Wuppertal
Year: 2022

description: Modern-day communication has become more and more digital. While this comes with many advantages such as a more efficient economy, it has also created more and more opportunities for various adversaries to manipulate communication or eavesdrop on it. The Snowden revelations in 2013 further highlighted the seriousness of these threats. To protect the communication of people, companies, and states from such threats, we require cryptography with strong security guarantees.
 Different applications may require different security properties from cryptographic schemes. For most applications, however, so-called adaptive security is considered a reasonable minimal requirement of security. Cryptographic schemes with adaptive security remain secure in the presence of an adversary that can corrupt communication partners to respond to messages of the adversaries choice, while the adversary may choose the messages based on previously observed interactions.
 While cryptography is associated the most with encryption, this is only one of many primitives that are essential for the security of digital interactions. This thesis presents novel identity-based encryption (IBE) schemes and verifiable random functions (VRFs) that achieve adaptive security as outlined above. Moreover, the cryptographic schemes presented in this thesis are proven secure in the standard model. That is without making use of idealized models like the random oracle model.
Jacques Szpirglas, Dictionnaire des musiciens de la cour de Louis XIII et des maisons princières (1610–1643). 2 vol., Paris (Classiques Garnier) 2021
Creators: name: Heckendorff, Nastasia
Publisher: name: Francia-Recensio
Year: 2022

description: Jacques Szpirglas, Dictionnaire des musiciens de la cour de Louis XIII et des maisons princières (1610–1643). 2 vol., Paris (Classiques Garnier) 2021, 1865 p. (Musicologie, 14), ISBN 978-2-406-12061-2, EUR 119,00.
description: Francia-Recensio, 2022/3
Michael Stolberg (Hg.), Körper-Bilder in der Frühen Neuzeit. Kunst-, medizin- und mediengeschichtliche Perspektiven, Berlin, Boston (De Gruyter Oldenbourg) 2021
Creators: name: Lehner, Eva
Publisher: name: Francia-Recensio
Year: 2022

description: Michael Stolberg (Hg.), Körper-Bilder in der Frühen Neuzeit. Kunst-, medizin- und mediengeschichtliche Perspektiven, Berlin, Boston (De Gruyter Oldenbourg) 2021, VIII–354 S., 50 s/w, 100 farb. Abb. (Schriften des Historischen Kollegs, 107), ISBN 978-3-11-073479-9, EUR 89,69.
description: Francia-Recensio, 2022/3
Recent Developments on the CKM Matrix
Creators: name: Wang, Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In Standard Model, CP violation arises from an irreducible complex phase in the quark mixing matrix, now under the name Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix. This description has shown remarkably overall agreement with various experimental measurements. In this review, we discuss recent experimental data and theoretical developments on three quantities of CKM matrix that are most uncertain: the $V_{ub}$, including its magnitude and the phase $γ$ in standard parametrization, and the $B_s-\bar B_s$ mixing phase $β_s$.
description: 32 pages, 17 figures, invited review to appear in IJMPA, references added. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1305.2844 by other authors
Élise Boillet, Gaël Rideau (dir.), La visibilité du religieux dans l’espace urbain de l’Europe moderne, Rennes (Presses universitaires de Rennes) 2021
Creators: name: Harrer, Kilian
Publisher: name: Francia-Recensio
Year: 2022

description: Élise Boillet, Gaël Rideau (dir.), La visibilité du religieux dans l’espace urbain de l’Europe moderne, Rennes (Presses universitaires de Rennes) 2021, 383 p., ISBN 978-2-7535-8200-2, EUR 26,00.
description: Francia-Recensio, 2022/3
The missing link between massive data and AI: parallel computing with Heat
Creators: name: Comito, Claudia
name: Hagemeier, Björn
name: Tarnawa, Michael
name: Krajsek, Kai
name: Götz, Markus
name: Coquelin, Daniel
name: Gutiérrez Hermosillo Muriedas, Juan Pedro
name: Knechtges, Philipp
name: Rüttgers, Alexander
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: memory-distributed computing
parallel computing
data-intensive science
Big Data Analytics
Python
Message Passing Interface
PyTorch
NumPy
machine learning

description: When it comes to enhancing exploitation of massive data, machine learning and AI methods are very much
 at the forefront of our awareness. Much less so is the need for, and complexity of, applying these techniques
 efficiently across memory-distributed data volumes. Heat [1, 2] is an open-source Python library for high-
 performance data analytics, machine learning, and deep learning. It provides highly optimized algorithms
 and data structures for tensor computations using CPUs, GPUs and distributed cluster systems. Heat's
 Numpy-like API makes writing scalable, GPU-accelerated applications straightforward - at the same time,
 parallelism implemented under the hood via MPI provides a significant improvement in efficiency and
 performance with respect to, e.g., Dask. Born out of a large-scale collaboration in applied sciences, Heat
 also acts a platform for collaboration and knowledge transfer within data-intensive science. In this
 presentation, I will show you the inner workings of the library, tell you about our collaborations with the
 astrophysics and space science community (massively parallel signal-processing capabilities for the SKA-
 MPG telescope among others) and hopefully gain from you some insight into how to best support data-
 intensive astro operations going forward.
 References: [1] Gotz, M., Debus, C., Coquelin, et al.: "HeAT - a Distributed and GPU-accelerated Tensor
 Framework for Data Analytics"; [2] https://github.com/helmholtz-analytics/heat
Early Life Risk Factors That Contribute to Irritable Bowel Syndrome in Adults: A Systematic Review
Creators: name: Whitehead, William E.
name: van Tilburg, Miranda A.L.
name: Blois-Martin, Nannette
name: Chitkara, Denesh K.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: IBS is a common disorder that occurs in adults. The natural history of symptoms and risk factors that contribute to IBS may begin in the childhood period. The aim of this systematic review of the published medical literature was to determine what early life factors have been demonstrated to contribute to the development of IBS in adolescents and adults.
Early Predictors of Anemia in Patients With Hepatitis C Genotype 1 Treated With Peginterferon Alfa-2a (40KD) Plus Ribavirin
Creators: name: Messinger, Diethelm
name: Reau, Nancy
name: Hadziyannis, Stephanos J.
name: Fried, Michael W.
name: Jensen, Donald M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Adherence to ribavirin is one factor that is critically important in the treatment of hepatitis C virus infection. However, ribavirin can be associated with clinically significant hemolytic anemia resulting in dose modifications in up to one-quarter of patients. Currently, baseline predictors of considerable anemia are not sufficiently discriminating for routine therapeutic intervention. The objective of this analysis was to elucidate baseline and on-treatment factors predictive of a considerable hemoglobin drop at week 4.