Amphibolips
Creators: name: Cuesta-Porta, Víctor
name: Equihua-Martínez, Armando
name: Estrada-Venegas, Edith G.
name: Cibrián-Tovar, David
name: Barrera-Ruíz, Uriel M.
name: Silva, Salvador Ordaz
name: Sánchez, Imelda Virginia López
name: Melika, George
name: Pujade-Villar, Juli
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Cynipidae
Amphibolips

description: Key to the Amphibolips adults of the ‘ nassa’ complex of Mexico and Central America
1. Metatarsal claw simple (Fig. 8D). Antenna entirely light brown (Fig. 8B) Mesopleuron weakly sculptured, speculum glabrous, smooth (Fig. 7C). Mesoscutellum not depressed, or rarely slightly depressed posteriorly (Fig. 7E)..................... 2
1’. Metatarsal claw with large basal lobe (Fig. 8E). Antennae dark at least on basal half, except in A. kinseyi n. sp. (brown on basal half and ambarine distally). Mesopleuron coarsely sculptured (Fig. 9C). Speculum sculptured and sometimes pubescent. Me-soscutellum depressed posteriorly........................................................................ 3
2. Mesoscutum uniformly rugate. Notauli traceable only in posterior third, furrow deep, broad, and smooth. Median propodeal area smooth and glabrous. Metasomal terga smooth, without micropunctures. Forewing almost hyaline. Males and females........................................................................................... A. salicifoliae
2’. Mesoscutum not uniformly rugate, with transversal interrupted faint carinae on anterior half, with cells on posterior half (Fig. 7E). Notauli complete, shallow, hardly traceable under sculpture, not emarginate by carinae, with rugose base (Fig. 7E). Median propodeal area faintly rugose. Metasomal tergum II with fine micropunctures on posterior 1/3 (Fig 7F), sometimes not visible in dorsal view, and rarely completely absent in the sexual generation; subsequent terga micropunctured. Forewing hyaline, with only a heavily infuscate patch present in the basal area of radial cell (Fig. 8A). Sexual and asexual generations..................................................................................... A. quercuspomiformis comb. nov.
3. Forewing hyaline, only with a heavily infuscate patch in the basal area of radial cell (Fig. 13A). Notauli emarginate, delimited by internal carina in posterior half........................................................................ 4
3’. Forewing with different colouration, infuscation pattern covering a greater area than basal area of radial cell (Figs 13 B–H). Notauli not emarginate, nor delimited by internal carina (Figs 11 A–K)........................................... 5
4. Metasoma reddish brown; posterior 1/3 of T2 with a band of hardly traceable micropunctures. Frons coarsely reticulate-rugose. Notauli complete. Mesoscutellum only slightly emarginate posteriorly (Fig. 12A). Speculum finely rugose, glabrous. Males and females...................................................................................... A. aliciae
4’. Metasoma ambarine (Fig. 6A); posterior 1/3 of T2 with a band of distinct micropunctures. Frons alutaceous with fine rugae (Figs 6 B–C). Notauli incomplete, visible under sculpture in posterior half (Fig. 6D). Mesoscutellum emarginate posteriorly and laterally by a strong carina, delimiting posterior emargination (Figs 6 D–E). Speculum uniformly sparsely pubescent, with transversal carinae. Only females............................................................. A. kinseyi n. sp.
5. Forewing infuscate at least in distal half with a transverse hyaline band on the apical third of radial cell, extended towards inferior margin of wings or shorter in females (Figs 1A, 3E, 10A, 13B, 13D). Males forewing completely infuscate with a clear patch at least in median part of first cubital cell, sometimes extended to radial cell and posteriorly, sometimes reaching posterior margin (Figs 2F, 13C).................................................................................. 6
5’. Forewing lightly infuscate with a conspicuous heavily infuscate band in the anterior margin, never with a transverse hyaline band in females (Figs 9A, 13 E–G). Males, forewing completely infuscate with a distinct darker band in the anterior margin, sometimes with a clear patch in distal half of radial cell, never extending posteriorly to costal cells (Fig. 13H)........... 13
6. Forewing with a narrow and incomplete hyaline band, not reaching the inferior margin; 2r vein conspicuously prolonged in medial part into radial cell (Figs 10A, 13 C–D). Body black. Posterior sides of mesoscutellum, aside of posteromedian impression, strongly emarginate, dorsally V-shaped, with sharp horn projection in lateral view (Figs 10D, 12B, 12 G–H). Propodeal carinae differentiated, subparallel (Figs 10D, 12I)............................................................ 7
6’. Forewing with a wide and complete clear band, reaching the inferior margin; some males with completely infuscate forewing, without cross-band, with a small clear patch in median part of first costal cell near the margin with radial cell instead; 2r vein not prolonged into radial cell (Fig. 13B). Head and mesosoma black, metasoma rufous or ambarine at least in some part (Figs 1G, 2E, 3F). Posterior part of mesoscutum impressed but dorsally not V-shaped, without sharp horn projection in lateral view. Propodeal carinae indistinct............................................................................. 8
7. Forewing with anal and basal half of discoidal cells hyaline (Figs 10A, 13D). Area aside of parapsidal lines rugose (Fig. 10C). Only females.............................................................................. A. turulli n. sp.
7’. Forewing with discoidal and anal cells completely infuscate (Fig.13C). Area aside of parapsidal lines coriaceous (Fig. 12B). Galls spherical, interior of the gall spongy, soft. Males and females....................................... A. dampfi
8. Notauli absent (Fig. 11B; Nieves-Aldrey et al 2012: Fig. 2E). Mesoscutellum moderately emarginate posteriorly; scutellar foveae rugose, indistinctly separate medially (Fig. 11B). Only females................................ A. durangensis
8’. Notauli distinct posteriorly and medially, anteriorly less defined or inconspicuous under the rugose sculpture (Figs 1E, 3C, 11A, 11C). Mesoscutellum weakly emarginate posteriorly; scutellar foveae carinated, smooth or rarely rugose in males, but always divided by a distinct median carina, which is only rarely incomplete (Figs 1E, 3C, 11A)............................. 9
9. Mesoscutellum subquadrate posteriorly; scutellar foveae smooth. Posterodorsal area of mesopleuron smooth. Metasoma dorsally black, ventrally rufo-piceous. Costal cell of forewing completely infuscate (Medianero & Nieves-Aldrey 2010: Figs 7 A–C). Males and females................................................................... A. castroviejoi
9’. Mesoscutellum bilobate posteriorly (Figs 1E, 3C, 11A); scutellar foveae with transverse carinae. Posterodorsal area of mesopleuron strongly rugose. Metasoma rufous. Costal cell of forewing not infuscate (Fig. 13B). Only females.............. 10
10. Scutellar posteromedian depression absent or shallow, never reaching posteroventral margin of mesoscutellum (Figs 11C, 11L). Only females................................................................................... A. fusus
10’. Scutellar posteromedian depression distinct, reaching posteroventral margin of mesoscutellum (Figs 1E, 3C, 11A)....... 11
11. Notauli complete, traceable under sculpture, reaching anterior margin (Fig. 3C); median sulcus absent. Mesoscutellum 1.1x as long as broad; median carina between scutellar foveae faint (Fig. 3C). Posterolateral projections of mesoscutellum extending downwards forming a carina emarginate posterior depression (Fig. 3D). Only females................... A. bromus n. sp.
11’ Notauli incomplete, lost in sculpture in anterior half of mesoscutum, median sulcus distinct in female (Fig. 11A); in males notauli and median sulci almost inconspicuous, covered by coarse rugulose sculpture (Fig. 2D). Mesoscutellum in females 0.8–0.9x as long as broad, median carina between scutellar foveae strong (Fig. 1E); in males mesoscutellum 1.1x as long as broad, median carina between scutellar foveae strong, partially covered by rugae of the foveae (Fig. 2C). Posterior projections of mesoscutellum horn-like not extending downwards (Figs 1E, 11A) in both sexes................................ 12
12. Scutellar posterolateral projections pointed, elongated upwards (Fig. 1E). Clypeus, mandibles uniformly chestnut brown (Fig. 1D). Females with F11 clearly divided by incomplete sulcus; F11 2.0x as long as broad behind the sulcus. Metasoma ambarine (Figs 1A, 1G). Males and females............................................................ A. bassae n. sp.
12’. Scutellar posterolateral projections rounded, not pointed upwards (Fig. 11A). Clypeus chestnut brown, mandibles rufous. F11 not divided, with faint incomplete sulcus; F11 as long as broad after the sulcus. Metasoma reddish-brown. Only females............................................................................................... A. cibriani
13. Forewing with costal, basal, first cubital cells and part of anal cell under basal cell uniformly infuscate (Fig. 13F). Only females....................................................................................... A. oaxacae
13’. Costal and anal cells not infuscate or less infuscate than basal and radial cell (Fig. 13E). Some males always with completely infuscate forewing, not hyaline in third cubital and discoidal cells.............................................. 14
14. Proximal part of radial cell heavily infuscate; R1, Rs and 2r veins not traceable through infuscate band or hardly visible (Fig. 13G). Forewing surface completely infuscate. Only females................................................... 15
14’. Radial cell not heavily infuscate, sometimes infuscate band lightened at distal end of radial cell usually extending to anterior margin of 3rd cubital cell; R1, Rs and 2r visible in females (Fig. 13E); surface of forewing faintly infuscate, more or less hyaline. In males, forewing completely and heavily infuscate with veins at base of radial cell inconspicuous............... 16
15. Scutellar foveae emarginate medially by a conspicuous carina with transversal carinae emerging laterally (Fig. 11K). Metasomal tergum II shining, smooth in front of micropunctures band................................... A. zacatecaensis
15’. Scutellar foveae smooth and not separated medially or with faint incomplete median carina on anterior margin, transversal carinae absent or very faint (Fig. 11G). Metasoma tergum II posteriorly coriaceous in front of micropunctures band, not reaching half-length of tergum............................................................................ A. nassa
16. Scutellar foveae smooth, divided medially by a strong carina (Fig. 11F). Scutellar posterior depression not reaching the basis of mesoscutellun, interrupted by strong transverse carina on posterior side (Figs 5D, 11F). Radial cell in males less than 3.5x as long as broad. Males and females............................................................ A. michoacaensis
16’. Scutellar foveae with transverse carinae extending laterally from median carina (Figs 9F, 11 D–E, 11H–J). Scutellar depression reaching posterior margin of mesoscutellum, not interrupted by strong transverse carina (Fig. 5C). Radial cell in males longer .................................................................................................. 17
17. Lateral margin of compound eye shining, smooth, delimited by conspicuous carina visible in anterior view (Figs 9 B–C)... 18
17’. Lateral margin of compound eye with fine sculpture not delimited by a carina or carina present only in the dorsal part, never visible in anterior view (Figs 4 A–B)..................................................................... 20
18. Metasomal tergum II punctured on posterior 1/5 on dorsal part and 1/3 laterally; with fine longitudinal striations on anterior part after punctuation. In females F1 1.4x as long as F2. Males and females................................. A. jaliscensis
18’. Metasomal tergum II forming a uniformly punctured band on posterior 1/3. In females F1 1.6x as long as F2. In some species males known also.................................................................................... 19
19. Metasomal tergum II with small dorsal projection of punctures towards anterior margin, never reaching half-length of tergum (Fig. 9G); rest of tergum mainly smooth with fine coriaceous sculpture limiting punctures (Figs 9E, G). Only females................................................................................................ A. rulli n. sp.
19’. Metasomal tergum II with band of punctures not projected on dorsal part; rest of tergum coriaceous reaching anterior margin of metasoma. Males and females................................................................. A. nevadensis
20. Mesoscutum rugose, posteromedial area less densely rugose, with larger cells compared to the rest of mesoscutum, usually along median carina and notauli (Fig. 11J). Lateral and dorsal margin of eye with fine carinae irradiating from eye (Fig. 4B). Scutellar foveae subtriangular, limited posteriorly and medially by rugose sculpture, medial carina shorter than length of foveae; posterior depression variable in depth, but never reaching scutellar foveae, uniformly rugulose with alutaceous sculpture between rugae like rest of mesoscutellum (Figs 4D, 11J). Metascutellum rectangular, more than 2.0x as broad as high (Fig. 4F). Males and females............................................................................. A. tarasco
20’. Mesoscutum uniformly rugose, with similar cells, notauli and medial sulci inconspicuous (Fig. 11D). Lateral margin of eyes rugose-coriaceous, not emarginate (Fig. 4A). Scutellar foveae quadrangular, limited posteriorly by transverse carinae never by rugose sculpture, median carina as long as length of foveae; posterior depression reaching scutellar foveae, with transverse carinae, smooth interspaces (Figs 11D, 4C). Metascutellum quadrate, less than 1.8x as broad as high (Fig. 4E). Only females........................................................................................ A. hidalgoensis
description: Published as part of Cuesta-Porta, Víctor, Equihua-Martínez, Armando, Estrada-Venegas, Edith G., Cibrián-Tovar, David, Barrera-Ruíz, Uriel M., Silva, Salvador Ordaz, Sánchez, Imelda Virginia López, Melika, George & Pujade-Villar, Juli, 2020, Revision of the Amphibolips species of the ' nassa' complex from Mexico and central America (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae), pp. 1-50 in Zootaxa 4877 (1) on pages 39-41, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4877.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4567340