cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
On scalar charges and black-hole thermodynamics
Creators: name: Ballesteros, Romina
name: Gómez-Fayrén, Carmen
name: Ortín, Tomás
name: Zatti, Matteo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit the first law of black hole thermodynamics in 4-dimensional theories containing scalar and Abelian vector fields coupled to gravity using Wald's formalism and a new definition of scalar charge as an integral over a 2-surface which satisfies a Gauss law in stationary black-hole spacetimes. We focus on ungauged supergravity-inspired theories with symmetric sigma models whose symmetries generate electric-magnetic dualities leaving invariant their equations of motion. Our manifestly duality-invariant form of the first law is compatible with the one obtained by of Gibbons, Kallosh and Kol. We also obtain the general expression for the scalar charges of a stationary black hole in terms of the other physical parameters of the solution and the position of the horizon, generalizing the expression obtained by Pacilio for dilaton black oles.
description: Misprints corrected and a few comments and references added. Version to be published in JHEP
An N-Body Solution to the Problem of Fock Exchange
Creators: name: Challacombe, Matt
name: Bock, Nicolas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We report an N-Body approach to computing the Fock exchange matrix with and without permutational symmetry. The method achieves an O(N lg N) computational complexity through an embedded metric-query, allowing hierarchical application of direct SCF criteria. The advantages of permutational symmetry are found to be 4-fold for small systems, but decreasing with increasing system size and/or more permissive neglect criteria. This work sets the stage for: (1) the introduction of range queries in multi-level multipole schemes for rank reduction, and (2) recursive task parallelism.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures
Fractional Analytic QCD beyond Leading Order in timelike region
Creators: name: Kotikov, A. V.
name: Zemlyakov, I. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we show that, as in the spacelike case, the inverse logarithmic expansion is applicable for all values of the argument of the analytic coupling constant. We present two different approaches, one of which is based primarily on trigonometric functions, and the latter is based on dispersion integrals. The results obtained up to the 5th order of perturbation theory, have a compact form and their acquiring is much easier than the methods that have been used before. As an example, we apply our results to study the Higgs boson decay into a bb pair.
description: 30 pages, 9 figures. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2203.09307
BEC and dimensional crossover in a boson gas within multi-slabs
Creators: name: Rodríguez, O. A.
name: Solís, M. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For an ideal Bose-gas within a multi-slabs periodic structure, we report a dimensional crossover and discuss whether a BEC transition at $T_c \neq 0$ disappears or not. The multi-slabs structure is generated via a Kronig-Penney potential perpendicular to the slabs of width $a$ and separated by a distance $b$. The ability of the particles to jump between adjacent slabs is determined by the hight $V_0$ and width $b$ of the potential barrier. Contrary to what happens in the boson gas inside a zero-width multilayers case, where the critical temperature diminishes and goes up again as a function of the wall separation, here the $T_c$ decreases continuously as the potential barrier height and the cell size $a+b$ increase. We plot the surface $T_c = 10^{-6}$ showing two prominent regions in the parameters space, which suggest a phase transition BEC-NOBEC at $T \neq 0$. %The position of the phase transition surface is almost independent of the ratio $r=b/a$ while the cell size $a+b$ is almost proportional to the square root of the height of the potential barriers. The specific heat shows a crossover from 3D to 2D when the height of the potential or the barrier width increase, in addition to the well known peak related to the Bose-Einstein condensation.
description: Five pages with four figures
Influence of the Amazon River Discharge on the Biogeography of Phytoplankton Communities in the Western Tropical North Atlantic
Creators: name: Goes, Joaquim I.
name: Gomes, Maria Fatima Helga D.
name: Carpenter, Edward J.
name: Chekalyuk, Alexander M.
name: Montoya, Joseph P.
name: Coles, Victoria J.
name: Yager, Patricia L.
name: Berelson, William M.
name: Capone, Douglas G.
name: Foster, Rachel A.
name: Steinberg, Deborah K.
name: Subramaniam, Ajit
name: Hafez, Mark A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Marine ecology
Chemical oceanography
Biogeochemistry

description: An Advanced Laser Fluorometer (ALF) capable of discriminating several phytoplankton pigment types was utilized in conjunction with microscopic data to map the distribution of phytoplankton communities in the Amazon River plume in May–June-2010, when discharge from the river was at its peak. Cluster analysis and Non-metric Multi-Dimensional Scaling (NMDS) helped distinguish three distinct biological communities that separated largely on the basis of salinity gradients across the plume. These three communities included an “estuarine type” comprised of a high biomass mixed population of diatoms, cryptophytes and green-water Synechococcus spp. located upstream of the plume, a “mesohaline type” made up largely of communities of Diatom-Diazotroph Associations (DDAs) and located in the northwestern region of the plume and an “oceanic type” in the oligotrophic waters outside of the plume made up of Trichodesmium and Synechococcus spp. Although salinity appeared to have a substantial influence on the distribution of different phytoplankton groups, ALF and microscopic measurements examined in the context of the hydro-chemical environment of the river plume, helped establish that the phytoplankton community structure and distribution were strongly controlled by inorganic nitrate plus nitrite (NO3 + NO2) availability whose concentrations were low throughout the plume. Towards the southern, low-salinity region of the plume, NO3 + NO2 supplied by the onshore flow of subsurface (∼80 m depth) water, ensured the continuous sustenance of the mixed phytoplankton bloom. The large drawdown of SiO3 and PO4 associated with this “estuarine type” mixed bloom at a magnitude comparable to that observed for DDAs in the mesohaline waters, leads us to contend that, diatoms, cryptophytes and Synechococcus spp., fueled by the offshore influx of nutrients also play an important role in the cycling of nutrients in the Amazon River plume.
Analysis of Spectral Excitation for Measurements of Fluorescence Constituents in Natural Waters
Creators: name: Chekalyuk, Alexander M.
name: Hafez, Mark A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Hydrology
Optics

description: Field measurements of chlorophyll-a (Chl), phycoerythrin (PE), chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM), and variable fluorescence (Fv/Fm) in diverse waters of the California Current, Mediterranean Sea and Gulf of Mexico using 375, 405, 510 and 532 nm laser excitation wavelengths (EW) are analyzed. EW = 375 and 405 nm were found more suitable for Chl assessment in high-Chl (greater than 10 μg/l) waters. Both EW = 532 and 510 nm can be used to efficiently stimulate PE fluorescence for structural characterization of phytoplankton communities. EW = 375 nm and 405 nm can provide best results for CDOM assessments in offshore oceanic waters; the green EWs can be also used for CDOM measurements in fresh and estuarine water types in conjunction with spectral discrimination between CDOM and PE fluorescence. Both EW = 405 and 510 are suitable for photo-physiological Fv/Fm assessments, though using EW = 405 nm may result in underestimation of PE-containing phytoplankton groups present in mixed phytoplankton assemblages.
Search for direct third-generation squark pair production in final states with missing transverse momentum and two b-jets in sqrt{s}=8 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector
Creators: name: ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The results of a search for pair production of supersymmetric partners of the Standard Model third-generation quarks are reported. This search uses 20.1 fb-1 of pp collisions at sqrt{s}=8 TeV collected by the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider. The lightest bottom and top squarks (b1 and t1 respectively) are searched for in a final state with large missing transverse momentum and two jets identified as originating from b-quarks. No excess of events above the expected level of Standard Model background is found. The results are used to set upper limits on the visible cross section for processes beyond the Standard Model. Exclusion limits at the 95% confidence level on the masses of the third-generation squarks are derived in phenomenological supersymmetric R-parity-conserving models in which either the bottom or the top squark is the lightest squark. The b1 is assumed to decay via b1->b chi0 and the t via t1->b chipm, with undetectable products of the subsequent decay of the chipm due to the small mass splitting between the chipm and the chi0.
description: 26 pages plus author list (51 pages total), 6 figures, 7 tables, submitted to JHEP, All figures including auxiliary figures are available at http://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/SUSY-2013-05/
Health and Household Air Pollution from Solid Fuel Use: The Need for Improved Exposure Assessment
Creators: name: Clark, Maggie L.
name: Peel, Jennifer L.
name: Balakrishnan, Kalpana
name: Breysse, Patrick N.
name: Chillrud, Steven N.
name: Naeher, Luke P.
name: Rodes, Charles E.
name: Vette, Alan F.
name: Balbus, John M.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Public health
Environmental health
Power resources

description: Background: Nearly 3 billion people worldwide rely on solid fuel combustion to meet basic household energy needs. The resulting exposure to air pollution causes an estimated 4.5% of the global burden of disease. Large variability and a lack of resources for research and development have resulted in highly uncertain exposure estimates. Objective: We sought to identify research priorities for exposure assessment that will more accurately and precisely define exposure–response relationships of household air pollution necessary to inform future cleaner-burning cookstove dissemination programs. Data Sources: As part of an international workshop in May 2011, an expert group characterized the state of the science and developed recommendations for exposure assessment of household air pollution. Synthesis: The following priority research areas were identified to explain variability and reduce uncertainty of household air pollution exposure measurements: improved characterization of spatial and temporal variability for studies examining both short- and long-term health effects; development and validation of measurement technology and approaches to conduct complex exposure assessments in resource-limited settings with a large range of pollutant concentrations; and development and validation of biomarkers for estimating dose. Addressing these priority research areas, which will inherently require an increased allocation of resources for cookstove research, will lead to better characterization of exposure–response relationships. Conclusions: Although the type and extent of exposure assessment will necessarily depend on the goal and design of the cookstove study, without improved understanding of exposure–response relationships, the level of air pollution reduction necessary to meet the health targets of cookstove interventions will remain uncertain.
Local observers on linear Lie groups with linear estimation error dynamics
Creators: name: Koldychev, Mikhail
name: Nielsen, Christopher
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper proposes local exponential observers for systems on linear Lie groups. We study two different classes of systems. In the first class, the full state of the system evolves on a linear Lie group and is available for measurement. In the second class, only part of the system's state evolves on a linear Lie group and this portion of the state is available for measurement. In each case, we propose two different observer designs. We show that, depending on the observer chosen, local exponential stability of one of the two observation error dynamics, left- or right-invariant error dynamics, is obtained. For the first class of systems these results are developed by showing that the estimation error dynamics are differentially equivalent to a stable linear differential equation on a vector space. For the second class of system, the estimation error dynamics are almost linear. We illustrate these observer designs on an attitude estimation problem.
Love and Rayleigh phase-velocity maps, 5–40 s, of the western and central USA from USArray data
Creators: name: Ekström, Göran
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Rayleigh waves
subject: Geophysics
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Plate tectonics
subject: Remote sensing

description: Continuous data recorded on more than 1600 USArray seismic stations operating in the western and central US between 2006 and 2012 are used to map phase velocities of Love and Rayleigh waves at short periods (5–40 s) using a noise-correlation technique. Vertical and transverse records for all station pairs separated by less than 600 km are cross correlated in 4-h-long segments, and the resulting spectra are stacked for the time period of station operation. Dispersion curves are determined from the locations of zeros in the real component of the correlation spectra using a method based on that of Aki (1957). Phase-velocity maps expanded on a 0.25°-by-0.25° pixel grid are estimated by inversion of the phase-velocity measurements. Comparison with predicted phase-velocity maps based on the crustal model CRUST2.0 combined with the mantle model ND08 shows good agreement at the longer periods. Strong slow anomalies (greater than 25%) in the short-period maps are geographically correlated with basins and regions of thick sedimentary cover. The strength of these anomalies is not well predicted by existing crustal-velocity models.
e‐Science Task Force Final Report
Creators: name: Neal, James G.
name: Renfro, Patricia E.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2009
Subjects: Education, Higher--Administration
Information technology
Science--Study and teaching

description: In several recent reports and solicitations, the National Science Foundation (NSF) has not only emphasized the importance of shared technological resources for academic work and research in all disciplines, but also pointed out the need to embed resources, tools, and services within a larger system—a cyberinfrastructure (CI). Based on networks, computers, and data storage, a CI’s foundation is the services, software, and human expertise that organize these resources to make them ubiquitously and seamlessly accessible to researchers, faculty, and students. Such a system aims to enable “distributed knowledge communities that collaborate and communicate across disciplines, distances, and cultures.” Echoing NSF, a research initiatives report solicited by the Computing Research Association in December 2008 recommends “a series of investments to create balanced high performance cyberinfrastructure for hundreds of U.S. colleges and universities which will stimulate the development, deployment, and application of a new generation of data‐intensive discovery.” Because, as the report states, “Research universities are the central engine of the innovation economy,” the task of “providing network enabled opportunities for students and faculty to work with large‐scale, data‐intensive computing and other cyberinfrastructure will yield high returns over many years.” Columbia must be in a position to take advantage of such national cyberinfrastructure investments should they occur.
Non mean-field behaviour of critical wetting transition for short-range forces
Creators: name: Bryk, Pawel
name: Binder, Kurt
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Critical wetting transition for short-range forces in three dimensions ($d=3$) is reinvestigated by means of Monte Carlo simulation. Using anisotropic finite size scaling approach, as well as approaches that do not rely on finite size scaling, we show that the critical wetting transition shows clear deviation from mean-field behaviour. We estimate that the effective critical exponent $ν_{\|}^{\textrm{eff}}=1.76\pm 0.08$ for $J/kT=0.35$ and $ν_{\|}^{\textrm{eff}}=1.85\pm 0.07$ for $J/kT=0.25$. These values are in accord with predictions of Parry {\it et al.} [Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 100}, 136105 (2008)]. We also point out that the anisotropic finite size scaling approach in $d=3$ requires additional modification in order to reach full consistency of simulational results.
Inter-role conflict in Work and Family: is a healthy balance possible?
Creators: name: Sireno, Simona
name: Ricotta, Noemi
name: Riefolo, Antonella
name: Risica, Valentina
name: Rossello, Giuseppe
name: Salvo, Barbara
name: Sanfilippo, Carla
name: Santoro, Giulia
name: Santoro, Martina
name: Sarai, Bhawndeep
name: Schiavone, Samuele
name: Scionti, Rosy
name: Scoglio, Chiara
name: Sortolano, Francesco Pio
name: Spanò, Flavia
name: Sparacino, Angela
name: Spataro, Giulia
name: Spinella, Maria
name: Teodoro, Maria Neve
name: Todaro, Giorgia
name: Tondo, Adele
name: Trebbia, Luana
name: Trebbia, Mariaclara
name: Trimarchi, Antonino
name: Trimarchi, Serena Immacolata
name: Tumeo, Lucrezia
name: Veneziano, Giuseppe Maria
name: Venuti, Sharon
name: Vetrano, Davide
name: Vicari, Martina
name: Vieni, Marta Tindara
Publisher: name: Journal of Clinical & Developmental Psychology
Year: 2020

description: Background: This paper contains four research contributions made by psychology students within the theoretical framework of Self-Determination Theory. Methods: The aim was to investigate the relation between work-family conflict and some related variables, such as job satisfaction, intrinsic motivation, basic psychological needs, and parenting educational practices in 126 pairs of parents, both workers. For each of the variables to be investigated, specific self-report scales were administered. Results: Results suggest that there is a negative correlation between family-to-work conflict and job satisfaction in both women and men, that parenting educational practices are affected by quality of work-to-family conflict, that an intrinsic motivation to work could lead to a great job satisfaction, and that it exists a negative correlation between basic psychological needs satisfaction and work-family conflict. Conclusions:Further implications of these results for understanding the impact of work-family dynamics on parental well-being are discussed in the conclusions section of this paper.
description: Journal of Clinical & Developmental Psychology, Online First Articles
Galactic Dynamics feeding the Galactic Center
Creators: name: Renaud, Florent
name: Emsellem, Eric
name: Bournaud, Frédéric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the hierarchical structure of the gas and its rapid evolution in the central region of a simulation of the entire Milky Way, run at subparsec resolution. We emphasize the coupling between the kpc-scale dynamics, the molecular ring and the central 5 pc disk feeding the super massive black hole.
description: Proceedings of the IAU Symposium 303 "The Galactic Center: Feeding and Feedback in a Normal Galactic Nucleus"
Resurgence, Conformal Blocks, and the Sum over Geometries in Quantum Gravity
Creators: name: Benjamin, Nathan
name: Collier, Scott
name: Maloney, Alexander
name: Meruliya, Viraj
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In two dimensional conformal field theories the limit of large central charge plays the role of a semi-classical limit. Certain universal observables, such as conformal blocks involving the exchange of the identity operator, can be expanded around this classical limit in powers of the central charge $c$. This expansion is an asymptotic series, so - via the same resurgence analysis familiar from quantum mechanics - necessitates the existence of non-perturbative effects. In the case of identity conformal blocks, these new effects have a simple interpretation: the CFT must possess new primary operators with dimension of order the central charge. This constrains the data of CFTs with large central charge in a way that is similar to (but distinct from) the conformal bootstrap. We study this phenomenon in three ways: numerically, analytically using Zamolodchikov's recursion relations, and by considering non-unitary minimal models with large (negative) central charge. In the holographic dual to a CFT$_2$, the expansion in powers of $c$ is the perturbative loop expansion in powers of $\hbar$. So our results imply that the graviton loop expansion is an asymptotic series, whose cure requires the inclusion of new saddle points in the gravitational path integral. In certain cases these saddle points have a simple interpretation: they are conical excesses, particle-like states with negative mass which are not in the physical spectrum but nevertheless appear as non-manifold saddle points that control the asymptotic behaviour of the loop expansion. This phenomenon also has an interpretation in $SL(2,{\mathbb R})$ Chern-Simons theory, where the non-perturbative effects are associated with the non-Teichmüller component of the moduli space of flat connections.
description: 37 pages, 7 figures; References added
Arsenic, Fluoride and Iodine in Groundwater of China
Creators: name: Wen, Dongguang
name: Zhang, Fucun
name: Zhang, Eryong
name: Wang, Cheng
name: Han, Shuangbao
name: Zheng, Yan
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Public health
Water resources development--Management
Environmental health
Groundwater--Arsenic content

description: Arsenicosis and fluorosis, two endemic diseases known to result from exposure to their elevated concentrations in groundwater of north China used by many rural households for drinking, have been major public health concerns for several decades. Over the last decade, a large number of investigations have been carried out to delineate the spatial distribution and to characterize the chemical compositions of high As and F groundwaters with a focus on several inland basins in north China. Findings from these studies, including improved understanding of the hydrogeological and geochemical factors resulting in their enrichments, have been applied to guide development of clean and safe groundwater in these endemic disease areas. Survey efforts have led to the recognition of iodine in groundwater as an emerging public health concern. This paper reviews the new understandings gained through these studies, including those published in this special issue, and points out the direction for future research that will shed light on safe guarding a long-term supply of low As and F groundwater in these water scarce semi-arid and arid inland basins of north China.
title: Amtliches Mitteilungsblatt der BTU Cottbus–Senftenberg, 2023,02 (05.04.2023)
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: BTU  Cottbus - Senftenberg
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 000 Informatik, Informationswissenschaft, allgemeine Werke

description: Zweite Änderungssatzung zur fachspezifischen Prüfungs- und Studienordnung für den Master-Studiengang Elektrotechnik vom 04. April 2023
description: Amtliches Mitteilungsblatt der BTU Cottbus–Senftenberg; 2023, H. 02
The Magnitude, Timing and Abruptness of Changes in North African Dust Deposition over the Last 20,000 yr
Creators: name: McGee, D.
name: DeMenocal, Peter B.
name: Winckler, Gisela
name: Stuut, J. B. W.
name: Bradtmiller, L. I.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Atmosphere
Biogeochemistry
Geology, Stratigraphic

description: Reconstructions of eolian dust accumulation in northwest African margin sediments provide important continuous records of past changes in atmospheric circulation and aridity in the region. Existing records indicate dramatic changes in North African dust emissions over the last 20 ka, but the limited spatial extent of these records and the lack of high-resolution flux data do not allow us to determine whether changes in dust deposition occurred with similar timing, magnitude and abruptness throughout northwest Africa. Here we present new records from a meridional transect of cores stretching from 31°N to 19°N along the northwest African margin. By combining grain size endmember modeling with 230Th-normalized fluxes for the first time, we are able to document spatial and temporal changes in dust deposition under the North African dust plume throughout the last 20 ka. Our results provide quantitative estimates of the magnitude of dust flux changes associated with Heinrich Stadial 1, the Younger Dryas, and the African Humid Period (AHP; ∼11.7–5 ka), offering robust targets for model-based estimates of the climatic and biogeochemical impacts of past changes in North African dust emissions. Our data suggest that dust fluxes between 8 and 6 ka were a factor of ∼5 lower than average fluxes during the last 2 ka. Using a simple model to estimate the effects of bioturbation on dust input signals, we find that our data are consistent with abrupt, synchronous changes in dust fluxes in all cores at the beginning and end of the AHP. The mean ages of these transitions are 11.8±0.2 ka (1σ) and 4.9±0.2 ka, respectively.
New limits on the violation of local position invariance of gravity
Creators: name: Shao, Lijing
name: Wex, Norbert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Within the parameterized post-Newtonian (PPN) formalism, there could be an anisotropy of local gravity induced by an external matter distribution, even for a fully conservative metric theory of gravity. It reflects the breakdown of the local position invariance of gravity and, within the PPN formalism, is characterized by the Whitehead parameter $ξ$. We present three different kinds of observation, from the Solar system and radio pulsars, to constrain it. The most stringent limit comes from recent results on the extremely stable pulse profiles of solitary millisecond pulsars, that gives $|\hat ξ| < 3.9 \times 10^{-9}$ (95% CL), where the hat denotes the strong-field generalization of $ξ$. This limit is six orders of magnitude more constraining than the current best limit from superconducting gravimeter experiments. It can be converted into an upper limit of $\sim 4 \times 10^{-16}$ on the spatial anisotropy of the gravitational constant.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures; accepted by Classical and Quantum Gravity
title: Topological transport properties of ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic materials
Creators: name: Samathrakis, Ilias
Publisher: name: UNSPECIFIED
Year: 2022

description: Magnetic materials are of fundamental importance to the welfare of our society since they find use, among others, in energy harvesting applications. The rapid technological development requires the generation of new environment friendly methods to power up novel devices, therefore, thermoelectric materials become vital for future applications. A particular class of magnetic materials that can be used in thermoelectric devices is those with nontrivial band topology, such as Weyl and nodal line semimetals, that have recently attracted intensive attention due to their interesting properties. The anomalous Hall (Nernst) effect, being the generation of a transverse spin polarized charge current as a response to a longitudinal charge current (thermal gradient), was initially associated to ferromagnets. Recently however, it was demonstrated that collinear and non-collinear antiferromagnets can induce finite values, making them interesting for novel applications. These findings though, not only challenged the current understanding of the theoretical background but also the conditions of their existence, being till nowadays pending problems. In this work, a computational framework to construct maximally localized Wannier functions in an automatic way is provided and subsequently used to calculate the anomalous Hall and Nernst conductivities of ferromagnetic and non-collinear antiferromagnetic intermetallic compounds, with a high success rate of 92%. Detailed symmetry analysis is performed in order to reveal the vanishing anomalous Hall and Nernst conditions in certain ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic compounds. It is demonstrated that the large values of anomalous Hall and Nernst conductivities are due to the presence of Weyl nodes, nodal lines and small gap areas and that they can further be tuned by means of external stimuli, leading to further enhancement of the anomalous Hall and Nernst conductivities. In the future, the automated Wannier function workflow can be used to construct the maximally localized Wannier functions of any 3d transition-metal based system, with or without the inclusion of spin-orbit interaction with minimum human intervention and external stimuli can be used to further enhance the topological transport properties of a compound.
Evolution of Planetary Orbits with Stellar Mass Loss and Tidal Dissipation
Creators: name: Adams, Fred C.
name: Bloch, Anthony M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Intermediate mass stars and stellar remnants often host planets, and these dynamical systems evolve because of mass loss and tides. This paper considers the combined action of stellar mass loss and tidal dissipation on planetary orbits in order to determine the conditions required for planetary survival. Stellar mass loss is included using a so-called Jeans model, described by a dimensionless mass loss rate γand an index β. We use an analogous prescription to model tidal effects, described here by a dimensionless dissipation rate Γand two indices (q,p). The initial conditions are determined by the starting value of angular momentum parameter η(equivalently, the initial eccentricity) and the phase θof the orbit. Within the context of this model, we derive an analytic formula for the critical dissipation rate Γ, which marks the boundary between orbits that spiral outward due to stellar mass loss and those that spiral inward due to tidal dissipation. This analytic result Γ=Γ(γ,β,q,p,η,θ) is essentially exact for initially circular orbits and holds to within an accuracy of 50% over the entire multi-dimensional parameter space, where the individual parameters vary by several orders of magnitude. For stars that experience mass loss, the stellar radius often displays quasi-periodic variations, which produce corresponding variations in tidal forcing; we generalize the calculation to include such pulsations using a semi-analytic treatment that holds to the same accuracy as the non-pulsating case. These results can be used in many applications, e.g., to predict/constrain properties of planetary systems orbiting white dwarfs.
description: 17 pages, 4 figures, accepted to ApJ Letters
Radiative decays of the spin-$2$ partner of $X(3872)$
Creators: name: Shi, Pan-Pan
name: Dias, Jorgivan M.
name: Guo, Feng-Kun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has been generally expected that the $X(3872)$ has a spin-2 partner, $X_2$, with quantum numbers $J^{PC}=2^{++}$. In the hadronic molecular model, its mass was predicted to be below the $D^*\bar D^*$ threshold, and the new structure reported in the $γψ(2S)$ invariant mass distribution by the Belle Collaboration with mass $M= (4014.3 \pm 4.0 \pm 1.5)$ MeV and decay width $Γ= (4 \pm 11 \pm 6)$ MeV, with a global significance of 2.8 $σ$, is a nice candidate for it. We consider the radiative decay widths for the $X_{2}\to γψ$ with $ψ=J/ψ, ψ(2S)$ treating the $X_2$ as a $D^*\bar{D}^*$ shallow bound state, and estimate the events of $X_2$ in two-photon collisions that can be collected in the $γJ/ψ\toγ\ell^+\ell^-$ ($\ell=e,μ$) final states at Belle. Based on the upper limit for the ratio of decay widths of $X(3872)\to γψ(2S)$ and $X(3872)\to γJ/ψ$ measured by BESIII, we predict the similar ratio $Γ(X_2\to γψ(2S))/Γ(X_2\to γJ/ψ)$ to be smaller than $1.0$. We suggest searching for the $X_2$ signal in the $γJ/ψ$ invariant mass distribution via two-photon fusions. The results will lead to insights into both the $X(3872)$ and the new structure observed by Belle.
description: 21 pages, 3 figures. Version to appear in PLB
Oceanographic Variability in the South Pacific Convergence Zone Region over the Last 210 Years from Multi-site Coral Sr/Ca Records
Creators: name: Wu, Henry C.
name: Dassié, Emilie P.
name: Linsley, Braddock
name: Schiraldi, Benedetto
name: DeMenocal, Peter B.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Geophysics
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Biogeochemistry
subject: Environmental sciences

description: In the South Pacific Convergence Zone (SPCZ), the variability in a sub-seasonally resolved microatoll Porites colony Sr/Ca record from Tonga and a previously published high-resolution record from Fiji are strongly influenced by sea surface temperature (SST) over the calibration period from 1981 to 2004 (R2 = 0.67–0.68). However, the Sr/Ca-derived SST correlation to instrumental SST decreases back in time. The lower frequency secular trend (~1°C) and decadal-scale (~2–3°C) modes in Sr/Ca-derived SST are almost two times larger than that observed in instrumental SST. The coral Sr/Ca records suggest that local effects on SST generate larger amplitude variability than gridded SST products indicate. Reconstructed δ18O of seawater (δ18Osw) at these sites correlate with instrumental sea surface salinity (SSS; r = 0.64–0.67) but not local precipitation (r = −0.10 to −0.22) demonstrating that the advection and mixing of different salinity water masses may be the predominant control on δ18Osw in this region. The Sr/Ca records indicate SST warming over the last 100 years and appears to be related to the expansion of the western Pacific warm pool (WPWP) including an increasing rate of expansion in the last ~20 years. The reconstructed δ18Osw over the last 100 years also shows surface water freshening across the SPCZ. The warming and freshening of the surface ocean in our study area suggests that the SPCZ has been shifting (expanding) southeast, possibly related to the southward shift and intensification of the South Pacific gyre over the last 50 years in response to strengthened westerly winds.
Warming and Glacier Recession in the Rakaia Valley, Southern Alps of New Zealand, during Heinrich Stadial 1
Creators: name: Putnam, Aaron Ervin
name: Schaefer, Joerg M.
name: Denton, George H.
name: Barrell, David J. A.
name: Andersen, Bjørn G.
name: Koffman, Tobias N. B.
name: Rowan, Ann V.
name: Finkel, Robert C.
name: Rood, Dylan H.
name: Schwartz, Roseanne G.
name: Vandergoes, Marcus J.
name: Plummer, Mitchell A.
name: Brocklehurst, Simon H.
name: Kelley, Samuel E.
name: Ladig, Kathryn L.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Paleoclimatology
Atmosphere

description: The termination of the last ice age featured a major reconfiguration of Earthʼs climate and cryosphere, yet the underlying causes of these massive changes continue to be debated. Documenting the spatial and temporal variations of atmospheric temperature during deglaciation can help discriminate among potential drivers. Here, we present a 10Be surface-exposure chronology and glaciological reconstruction of ice recession following the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) in the Rakaia valley, Southern Alps of New Zealand. Innermost LGM moraines at Big Ben have an age of 17,840 ± 240 yrs, whereas ice-marginal moraines or ice-molded bedrock surfaces at distances up-valley from Big Ben of 12.5 km (Lake Coleridge), ∼25 km (Castle Hill), ∼28 km (Double Hill), ∼43 km (Prospect Hill), and ∼58 km (Reischek knob) have ages of 17,020 ± 70 yrs, 17,100 ± 110 yrs, 16,960 ± 370 yrs, 16,250 ± 340 yrs, and 15,660 ± 160 yrs, respectively. These results indicate extensive recession of the Rakaia glacier, which we attribute primarily to the effects of climatic warming. In conjunction with geomorphological maps and a glaciological reconstruction for the Rakaia valley, we use our chronology to infer timing and magnitude of past atmospheric temperature changes. Compared to an overall temperature rise of ∼4.65 °C between the end of the LGM and the start of the Holocene, the glacier recession between ∼17,840 and ∼15,660 yrs ago is attributable to a net temperature increase of ∼4.0 °C (from −6.25 to −2.25 °C), accounting for ∼86% of the overall warming. Approximately 3.75 °C (∼70%) of the warming occurred between ∼17,840 and ∼16,250 yrs ago, with a further 0.75 °C (∼16%) increase between ∼16,250 and ∼15,660 yrs ago. A sustained southward shift of the Subtropical Front (STF) south of Australia between ∼17,800 and ∼16,000 yrs ago coincides with the warming over the Rakaia valley, and suggests a close link between Southern Ocean frontal boundary positions and southern mid-latitude climate. Most of the deglacial warming in the Southern Alps occurred during the early part of Heinrich Stadial 1 (HS1) of the North Atlantic region. Because the STF is associated with the position of the westerly wind belt, our findings support the concept that a southward shift of Earthʼs wind belts accompanied the early part of HS1 cooling in the North Atlantic, leading to warming and deglaciation in southern middle latitudes.
title: Wire in the Blood, Crime Drama with a British Flair
Creators: name: Eliason, Leslie
Publisher: name: Old Dominion University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Americans love a good murder – as long as it takes place on television and the perpetrator is apprehended within an hour. Crime dramas are one of the most popular genres of programming available today, a trend that shows no sign of waning. Megan Larson of Media Week wrote in 2004 that eight of the top twenty five shows on network television were crime related. She also noted that the series Law and Order was entering its fifteenth year – quite a feat in the here-today-gone tomorrow world of broadcast television. The most recent Nielsen ratings indicated that seven of the top twenty shows had a crime theme and NCIS held the number one spot. It does appear that little has changed in the past five years.

Crime is popular across the pond as well, and the UK, better known for its more traditional who-dun-it-style of detective show, has slowly been ramping up its crime genre offerings with shows like Prime Suspect and Spooks. Wire in the Blood (which ran for six seasons and ended in 2008) may be the UK’s grittiest contribution yet. The series' main focus is Tony Hill, a psychotherapist played by Robson Green who has an eerie ability to seemingly enter the mind of serial killers. He works closely with Detective Chief Inspector (DCI) Carol Jordan (Hermione Norris), who relies heavily on his profiling skills to help determine the direction of her investigation. The show can be grossly violent, somewhat shocking, and tends to lack many of the elements common in its American counterparts, but for fans of the genre, it is worth tracking down and watching.
Quantum computing on encrypted data
Creators: name: Fisher, K.
name: Broadbent, A.
name: Shalm, L. K.
name: Yan, Z.
name: Lavoie, J.
name: Prevedel, R.
name: Jennewein, T.
name: Resch, K. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ability to perform computations on encrypted data is a powerful tool for protecting privacy. Recently, protocols to achieve this on classical computing systems have been found. Here we present an efficient solution to the quantum analogue of this problem that enables arbitrary quantum computations to be carried out on encrypted quantum data. We prove that an untrusted server can implement a universal set of quantum gates on encrypted quantum bits (qubits) without learning any information about the inputs, while the client, knowing the decryption key, can easily decrypt the results of the computation. We experimentally demonstrate, using single photons and linear optics, the encryption and decryption scheme on a set of gates sufficient for arbitrary quantum computations. Because our protocol requires few extra resources compared to other schemes it can be easily incorporated into the design of future quantum servers. These results will play a key role in enabling the development of secure distributed quantum systems.
Supplementary materials for Tagirdzhanova et al. 2024: Microbial occurrence and symbiont detection in a global sample of lichen metagenomes
Creators: name: Tagirdzhanova, Gulnara
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 310204
subject: Genomics and transcriptomics
classificationCode: 310703
subject: Microbial ecology

description: Supplemetary materials and data associate with the publication.scripts_and_analysis_description.zipScripts used in the analysis
Lichen_MAGs_phylogenomic_trees.zipPhylogenomic trees of metagenome-assembled genomes extracted from lichen metagenomes in Newick format
Rhizobiales_phylogenomic_tree.zipPhylogenomic trees of Rhizobiales bacteria (including MAGs extracted from lichen metagenomes) in Newick format
The long-term post-outburst spin down and flux relaxation of magnetar Swift J1822.3$-$1606
Creators: name: Scholz, P.
name: Kaspi, V. M.
name: Cumming, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The magnetar Swift J1822.3$-$1606 entered an outburst phase in 2011 July. Previous X-ray studies of its post-outburst rotational evolution yielded inconsistent measurements of the spin-inferred magnetic field. Here we present the timing behavior and flux relaxation from over two years of Swift, XTE, and Chandra observations following the outburst. We find that the ambiguity in previous timing solutions was due to enhanced spin down that resembles an exponential recovery following a glitch at the outburst onset. After fitting out the effects of the recovery, we measure a long-term spin-down rate of $\dotν=(-3.0\pm0.3)\times10^{-8}$ s$^{-2}$ which implies a dipolar magnetic field of $1.35\times10^{13}$ G, lower than all previous estimates for this source. We also consider the post-outburst flux evolution, and fit it with both empirical and crustal cooling models. We discuss the flux relaxation in the context of both crustal cooling and magnetospheric relaxation models.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures, submitted to ApJ
Interactions of $πK$, $ππK$ and $KKπ$ systems at maximal isospin from lattice QCD
Creators: name: Draper, Zachary T.
name: Hanlon, Andrew D.
name: Hörz, Ben
name: Morningstar, Colin
name: Romero-López, Fernando
name: Sharpe, Stephen R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the interactions of systems of two and three nondegenerate mesons composed of pions and kaons at maximal isospin using lattice QCD, specifically $π^+K^+$, $π^+π^+K^+$ and $K^+K^+π^+$. Utilizing the stochastic LapH method, we determine the spectrum of these systems on two CLS $N_f=2+1$ ensembles with pion masses of $200$ MeV and $340$ MeV, and include many levels in different momentum frames. We constrain the K matrices describing two- and three-particle interactions by fitting the spectrum to the results predicted by the finite-volume formalism, including up to $p$ waves. This requires also results for the $π^+π^+$ and $K^+ K^+$ spectrum, which have been obtained previously on the same configurations. We explore different fitting strategies, comparing fits to energy shifts with fits to energies boosted to the rest frame, and also comparing simultaneous global fits to all relevant two- and three-particle channels to those where we first fit two-particle channels and then add in the three-particle information. We provide the first determination of the three-particle K matrix in $π^+π^+K^+$ and $K^+ K^+ π^+$ systems, finding statistically significant nonzero results in most cases. We include $s$ and $p$ waves in the K matrix for $π^+ K^+$ scattering, finding evidence for an attractive $p$-wave scattering length. We compare our results to Chiral Perturbation Theory, including an investigation of the impact of discretization errors, for which we provide the leading order predictions obtained using Wilson Chiral Perturbation Theory.
description: 64 pages, 26 tables, 13 figures. Energy levels provided in ancillary files. v3: new appendix C, updated fig 6 and other minor changes
title: Der talmudische Tractat Derech Erez Rabba; 1888
title: nach Handschriften neu edirt und übersetzt sowie mit einer Einleitung und erläuternden Anmerkungen versehen. 1. Theil = Masekhet Derekh erets raba
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Goldberg, Moses
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2012

description: Text teilw. dt. - teilw. hebr. u. aramäisch in hebr. Schrift
Effects of the symmetry energy on the kaon condensates in the QMC Model
Creators: name: Panda, Prafulla K.
name: Menezes, Débora P.
name: Providência, Constança
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we investigate protoneutron star properties within a modified version of the quark coupling model (QMC) that incorporates a omega-rho interaction plus kaon condensed matter at finite temperature. Fixed entropy and trapped neutrinos are taken into account. Our results are compared with the ones obtained with the GM1 parametrization of the non-linear Walecka model for similar values of the symmetry energy slope. Contrary to GM1, within the QMC the formation of low mass black-holes during cooling are not probable. It is shown that the evolution of the protoneutron star may include the melting of the kaon condensate driven by the neutrino diffusion, followed by the formation of a second condensate after cooling. The signature of this complex proccess could be a neutrino signal followed by a gamma ray burst. We have seen that both models can, in general, describe very massive stars.
description: 10 pages, 12 figures