cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Essays on sorting with financial securities
Creators: name: Lam, Wing Tung
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: This dissertation studies one-to-one matching between workers and assets in a market where financial securities are offered. The quality of an asset is publicly known, but a worker's productivity is private information. The asset side first posts contracts, under which the payment is contingent on the realized output. Then the workers direct their search based on the offers. Production exhibits complementarity so that the efficient allocation features positive assortative matching (PAM). I consider a frictionless setting in the first chapter. First, I characterize the sufficient and necessary conditions for decentralizing PAM. For any distribution of types, these conditions ensure that the set of posted contracts not only induces the workers to sort assortatively but also precludes the asset owners from poaching. In comparison with the case of full information, the asset side's share of the matching surplus is always greater and increases with the asset quality at a faster rate in equilibrium. Second, I show that all asset owners will always be better off if the feasible contracts are replaced with steeper ones, which cost better workers more than weaker workers. The second chapter focuses on the class of output sharing contracts. I study how it affects the matching efficiency and sorting pattern in the presence of search friction. The unique equilibrium features inefficient PAM. The matched pairs fully separate into a continuum of markets, where the queue length in each market still maximizes the expected surplus given the worker's equilibrium payoff. However, regardless of the distribution of types, all but the best workers pair up with better assets compared to the Second Best allocation. There is either an excessive entry of workers or an insufficient entry of assets. Sorting is inefficient because a reduction in the output share costs less to weaker workers than better workers. This handicaps their competition for better assets, driving up the output share of the best assets. These asset owners then induce an inefficiently long queue of workers to increase their matching probability.
Improving Transit Predictions of Known Exoplanets with TERMS
Creators: name: Kane, Stephen R.
name: Ciardi, David
name: Fischer, Debra
name: Henry, Greg
name: Howard, Andrew
name: Jensen, Eric
name: Laughlin, Greg
name: Mahadevan, Suvrath
name: von Braun, Kaspar
name: Wright, Jason
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Transiting planet discoveries have largely been restricted to the short-period or low-periastron distance regimes due to the bias inherent in the geometric transit probability. Through the refinement of planetary orbital parameters, and hence reducing the size of transit windows, long-period planets become feasible targets for photometric follow-up. Here we describe the TERMS project that is monitoring these host stars at predicted transit times.
description: 3 pages, 2 figures, to be published in ASP Conf. Proceedings: "Detection and dynamics of transiting exoplanets" 2010, OHP, France (eds.: F. Bouchy, R.F. D{\i}az, C. Moutou)
Supercurrents and Brane Currents in Diverse Dimensions
Creators: name: Dumitrescu, Thomas T.
name: Seiberg, Nathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We systematically analyze all possible supersymmetry multiplets that include the supersymmetry current and the energy-momentum tensor in various dimensions, focusing on N=1 in four dimensions. The most general such multiplet is the S-multiplet, which includes 16 bosonic and 16 fermionic operators. In special situations it can be decomposed, leading to smaller multiplets with 12+12 or even 8+8 operators. Physically, these multiplets give rise to different brane charges in the supersymmetry algebra. The S-multiplet is needed when the algebra contains both string and domain wall charges. In lower dimensions (or in four-dimensional N=2 theories) the algebra can include space-filling brane charges, which are associated with partial supersymmetry breaking. This phenomenon is physically distinct from ordinary spontaneous supersymmetry breaking. Our analysis leads to new results about the dynamics of supersymmetric field theories. These include constraints on the existence of certain charged branes and the absence of magnetic charges in U(1) gauge theories with a Fayet-Iliopoulos term.
description: 47 pages; some minor typos corrected thanks to input from readers
Precise Estimates of the Physical Parameters for the Exoplanet System HD-17156 Enabled by HST FGS Transit and Asteroseismic Observations
Creators: name: Nutzman, Philip
name: Gilliland, Ronald L.
name: McCullough, Peter R.
name: Charbonneau, David
name: Christensen-Dalsgaard, Jørgen
name: Kjeldsen, Hans
name: Nelan, Edmund P.
name: Brown, Timothy M.
name: Holman, Matthew J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present observations of three distinct transits of HD 17156b obtained with the Fine Guidance Sensors (FGS) on board the Hubble Space Telescope} (HST). We analyzed both the transit photometry and previously published radial velocities to find the planet-star radius ratio R_p/R_s = 0.07454 +/- 0.00035, inclination i=86.49 +0.24/-0.20 deg, and scaled semi-major axis a/R = 23.19 +0.32/-0.27. This last value translates directly to a mean stellar density determination of 0.522 +0.021/-0.018 g cm^-3. Analysis of asteroseismology observations by the companion paper of Gilliland et al. (2009) provides a consistent but significantly refined measurement of the stellar mean density. We compare stellar isochrones to this density estimate and find M_s = 1.275 +/- 0.018 M_sun and a stellar age of $3.37 +0.20/-0.47 Gyr. Using this estimate of M_s and incorporating the density constraint from asteroseismology, we model both the photometry and published radial velocities to estimate the planet radius R_p= 1.0870 +/- 0.0066 Jupiter radii and the stellar radius R_s = 1.5007 +/- 0.0076 R_sun. The planet radius is larger than that found in previous studies and consistent with theoretical models of a solar-composition gas giant of the same mass and equilibrium temperature. For the three transits, we determine the times of mid-transit to a precision of 6.2 s, 7.6 s, and 6.9 s, and the transit times for HD 17156 do not show any significant departures from a constant period. The joint analysis of transit photometry and asteroseismology presages similar studies that will be enabled by the NASA Kepler Mission.
description: Accepted for publication to ApJ
title: Detecting deceptive behaviour in the wild
title: text mining for online child protection in the presence of noisy and
      adversarial social media communications
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Peersman, Claudia
Publisher: name: Lancaster University
Year: 2018

description: A real-life application of text mining research “in the wild”, i.e. in
      online social media, differs

      from more general applications in that its defining characteristics are
      both domain and process

      dependent. This gives rise to a number of challenges of which contemporary
      research has only

      scratched the surface. More specifically, a text mining approach applied
      in the wild typically

      has no control over the dataset size. Hence, the system has to be robust
      towards limited data

      availability, a variable number of samples across users and a highly
      skewed dataset. Additionally,

      the quality of the data cannot be guaranteed. As a result, the approach
      needs to be tolerant to

      a certain degree of linguistic noise. Finally, it has to be robust towards
      deceptive behaviour or

      adversaries.

      This thesis examines the viability of a text mining approach for
      supporting cybercrime

      investigations pertaining to online child protection. The main
      contributions of this dissertation

      are as follows. A systematic study of different aspects of methodological
      design of a state-ofthe-

      art text mining approach is presented to assess its scalability towards a
      large, imbalanced

      and linguistically noisy social media dataset. In this framework, three
      key automatic text

      categorisation tasks are examined, namely the feasibility to (i) identify
      a social network user’s age

      group and gender based on textual information found in only one single
      message; (ii) aggregate

      predictions on the message level to the user level without neglecting
      potential clues of deception

      and detect false user profiles on social networks and (iii) identify child
      sexual abuse media among

      thousands of legal other media, including adult pornography, based on
      their filename. Finally, a

      novel approach is presented that combines age group predictions with
      advanced text clustering

      techniques and unsupervised learning to identify online child sex
      offenders’ grooming behaviour.

      The methodology presented in this thesis was extensively discussed with
      law enforcement

      to assess its forensic readiness. Additionally, each component was
      evaluated on actual child sex

      offender data. Despite the challenging characteristics of these text
      types, the results show high

      degrees of accuracy for false profile detection, identifying grooming
      behaviour and child sexual

      abuse media identification.
A new dynamical reflection algebra and related quantum integrable systems
Creators: name: Avan, J.
name: Ragoucy, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81R12, 16T15, 16T25

description: We propose a new dynamical reflection algebra, distinct from the previous dynamical boundary algebra and semi-dynamical reflection algebra. The associated Yang-Baxter equations, coactions, fusions, and commuting traces are derived. Explicit examples are given and quantum integrable Hamiltonians are constructed. They exhibit features similar to the Ruijsenaars-Schneider Hamiltonians.
description: 16 pages v2: signs in the classical reflection algebra corrected
Schooling markets : the circulation, creation, and contestation of charter school markets in the United States
Creators: name: Cohen, Dan
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Despite being central feature of economic and social life, markets remain largely understudied within geography. Recently however, a geography of markets has emerged as scholars have begun to excavate the spatial dimensions of markets and their role in shaping the wider economy and everyday life. This dissertation contributes to this literature’s development through the study of charter school policies, which have been used to create markets for publicly-funded schooling in the United States. As argued throughout the dissertation, the study of these schooling markets, which have been the site of fierce political struggles, can help contribute to our understanding of the role markets play in wider sociospatial processes. Grounded in empirical fieldwork and utilizing a geographically-attuned approach to markets inspired by Polanyi and Gramsci, this dissertation approaches the study of charter school markets through case studies examining their functioning in two American states, Michigan and Oregon. It does so through asking the following questions: (1) How are market-making projects in American schooling being constructed, circulated and contested? (2) How have ideologies specific to schooling and education shaped the functioning of charter school markets? and (3) How are market-making 'projects' in education articulated with other sociospatial dynamics? In answering these questions, I argue that, contra to their most common depictions, charter school markets cannot be understood through a narrow focus on the decisions made by actors within them. Instead, the exchange that takes place within these markets is structured by the institutions constructed around them, including struggles over their form and the wider power structures these struggles occur within. This understanding of markets has ramifications beyond schooling and offers new insights into how geographers can understand the role of markets within wider sociospatial relations.
Estimation of the spatial decoherence time in circular quantum dots
Creators: name: Genkin, Michael
name: Waltersson, Erik
name: Lindroth, Eva
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a simple phenomenological model to estimate the spatial decoherence time in quantum dots. The dissipative phase space dynamics is described in terms of the density matrix and the corresponding Wigner function, which are derived from a master equation with Lindblad operators linear in the canonical variables. The formalism was initially developed to describe diffusion and dissipation in deep inelastic heavy ion collisions, but also an application to quantum dots is possible. It allows us to study the dependence of the decoherence rate on the dissipation strength, the temperature and an external magnetic field, which is demonstrated in illustrative calculations on a circular GaAs one-electron quantum dot.
title: An accelerometer-based approach to hull monitoring beyond the elastic regime
Creators: name: Greenham, Andrew D.
Publisher: name: Memorial University of Newfoundland
Year: 2020

description: With the efficient shipping route offered by the Northwest Passage, and its rapidly increasing availability to a wider range of ships in the coming years, the prevalence of ice covered waters to ships will be greatly increased. An option for hull-monitoring is explored which allows for damage detection beyond the elastic regime and deep into the plastic regime. This method involves using an accelerometer placed on the inside of the hull, and as an impact causing plastic damage is experienced, accelerometer readings are used to determine the delivered force to the hull. In this thesis a proof of concept for the suggested method is described and shown through a simplified example using finite element analysis. In this proposed method, the accelerometer allows for the structure to be examined from the point of view of the equation of motion. The proposition requires numerical integration from the acceleration data to find the displacement of the damaged area, and calibrations done in finite element analysis for both the stiffness and mass parts of the equation of motion to calculate the delivered force to the hull. The average error at which the proposed model determines force was found to be approximately 7%, which was calculated within the range of plastic flow behavior of the structure during an impact. Further development of this proposed method could have significant benefits such as increased safety for those at sea, better operational awareness of a ship’s capabilities, reduced dry-docking and inspection frequency, and the collection of realistic data from significant ice collisions at sea.
Travelling-waves consistent with turbulence-driven secondary flow in a square duct
Creators: name: Uhlmann, Markus
name: Kawahara, Genta
name: Pinelli, Alfredo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present numerically determined travelling-wave solutions for pressure-driven flow through a straight duct with a square cross-section. This family of solutions represents typical coherent structures (a staggered array of counter-rotating streamwise vortices and an associated low-speed streak) on each wall. Their streamwise average flow in the cross-sectional plane corresponds to an eight vortex pattern much alike the secondary flow found in the turbulent regime.
Plantaciones de coca ¿Un problema ambiental?
Creators: name: Gómez, María Fernanda
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 70199 Agriculture, Land and Farm Management not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Other agricultural sciences

description: Este proyecto busca crear una base de datos bibliográficos que pueda ser vista a través de un visor geográfico. Para llevar a cabo esta función comencé por encontrar la información en distintas bases de datos académicos, ya que, los artículos y trabajos que se encontraran en este visor son de carácter académico, dado que este es un primer acercamiento al tema y sirve para que las personas se interesen en el tema o quienes ya tienen algo de conocimiento encuentren información veraz y que les pueda contribuir; por medio de este proyecto busco que las personas puedan conocer otra cara del cultivo de coca, más allá de una economía ilícita y generadora de conflicto, para comprenderlo desde su impacto ambiental. En este mismo camino, la bibliografía seleccionada fue seleccionada del 2000 en adelante para ver cómo está siendo concebido este fenómeno, sus causas y consecuencias. El visor geográfico estuvo a cargo de Scribblemaps en el cual se pueden encontrar los lugares a los cuales así como cada icono indica de que trata cada documento (Árbol: deforestación; Hoja de coca: varias problemáticas identificadas; Hombre arando el suelo: problemas relacionados con los suelos, su recuperación y uso de hongos; Rostro con mascara de gas: problemas con respecto al uso de agroquímicos y glifosato y nube: problemas relacionados con fuentes hídricas).
El visor bibliográfico, se encuentra en este enlace: https://www.scribblemaps.com/maps/view/Plantaciones-de-coca-¿un-problema-ambiental/8yKHxlvEA1 
title: The custumals of the Cinque ports c.1290 - c.1500 : studies in the cultural production of the urban record
Creators: name: Croft, Justin P.
Publisher: name: University of Kent
Year: 2021

description: This thesis is a study of the cultures of writing and record publication in the medieval English town. Its source material is the corpus of surviving custumals from the Cinque Ports, produced between c.1290-c.1500. Through examinations of the custumal manuscripts, this study seeks to understand both the practice of record publication and the social, political and ideological context in which it took place. It engages with arguments which have sought to explain the relationship between literate practices and the societies in which they are found, and recognises the need to see the act of writing as an agency in the ordering and negotiation of social relations. A corpus of custumal texts has been located, and the characteristics of the manuscripts from the period c.1290-c.1500 are described in chapter 2. Chapters 3 and 4 are case-studeis of the custumals of Sandwich and Faversham (Kent), and pursue the detailed codicological and textual anlyses of custumals produced c.1300-c.1415. Dating for production is suggested in each case, and is used to enable the reconstruction of closely defined contexts for record production. External evidence is used in order to understand the political, social and cultural environment in which such records were made. Consideration is given to the motivation of urban governments in the making of records. Chapter 5 addressed the implications of the evidence of the Cinque Port custumals for the study of the relationship between literacy and orality, and for the further consideration of customary law. Finally, it assesses the evidence for the emergence of a book-culture in the administration of fourteenth century towns, and its relationship to the contruction of social and cultural identities.
On a microscopic representation of spacetime
Creators: name: Dahm, Rolf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We start from a noncompact Lie algebra isomorphic to the Dirac algebra and relate this Lie algebra in a brief review to low energy hadron physics described by the compact group SU(4). This step permits an overall physical identification of the operator actions. Then we discuss the geometrical origin of this noncompact Lie algebra and 'reduce' the geometry in order to introduce in each of these steps coordinate definitions which can be related to an algebraic representation in terms of the spontaneous symmetry breakdown along the Lie algebra chain su*(4) $\longrightarrow$ usp(4) $\longrightarrow$ su(2)$\times$u(1). Standard techniques of Lie algebra decomposition(s) as well as the (physical) operator identification give rise to interesting physical aspects and lead to a rank-1 Riemannian space which provides an analytic representation and leads to a 5-dimensional hyperbolic space $H_{5}$ with SO(5,1) isometries. The action of the (compact) symplectic group decomposes this (globally) hyperbolic space into $H_{2}\oplus H_{3}$ with SO(2,1) and SO(3,1) isometries, respectively, which we relate to electromagnetic (dynamically broken SU(2) isospin) and Lorentz transformations. Last not least, we attribute this symmetry pattern to the algebraic representation of a projective geometry over the division algebra $H$ and subsequent coordinate restrictions.
description: 17 pages, 3 figures; Talk at the XIV International Conference on Symmetry Methods in Physics, Tsakhkadzor, Armenia, August 16 - 22, 2010. Materials submitted on December 31, 2010 for publication in Physics of Atomic Nuclei, PLEIADES PUBLISHING, Inc
First results from VLTI near-infrared interferometry on high-mass young stellar objects
Creators: name: Kraus, Stefan
name: Hofmann, Karl-Heinz
name: Menten, Karl
name: Schertl, Dieter
name: Weigelt, Gerd
name: Wyrowski, Friedrich
name: Meilland, Anthony
name: Perraut, Karine
name: Petrov, Romain
name: Robbe-Dubois, Sylvie
name: Schilke, Peter
name: Testi, Leonardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Due to the recent dramatic technological advances, infrared interferometry can now be applied to new classes of objects, resulting in exciting new science prospects, for instance, in the area of high-mass star formation. Although extensively studied at various wavelengths, the process through which massive stars form is still only poorly understood. For instance, it has been proposed that massive stars might form like low-mass stars by mass accretion through a circumstellar disk/envelope, or otherwise by coalescence in a dense stellar cluster. After discussing the technological challenges which result from the special properties of these objects, we present first near-infrared interferometric observations, which we obtained on the massive YSO IRAS 13481-6124 using VLTI/AMBER infrared long-baseline interferometry and NTT speckle interferometry. From our extensive data set, we reconstruct a model-independent aperture synthesis image which shows an elongated structure with a size of 13x19 AU, consistent with a disk seen under an inclination of 45 degree. The measured wavelength-dependent visibilities and closure phases allow us to derive the radial disk temperature gradient and to detect a dust-free region inside of 9.5 AU from the star, revealing qualitative and quantitative similarities with the disks observed in low-mass star formation. In complementary mid-infrared Spitzer and sub-millimeter APEX imaging observations we detect two bow shocks and a molecular out ow which are oriented perpendicular to the disk plane and indicate the presence of a bipolar outflow emanating from the inner regions of the system.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures, to appear in Proceedings of SPIE Astronomical Telescopes and Instrumentation 2010
Sweeping out sectional curvature
Creators: name: Panov, D.
name: Petrunin, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C20, 53C24

description: We observe that the maximal open set of constant curvature k in a Riemannian manifold with curvature bounded below or above by k has a convexity type property, which we call "two-convexity". This statement is used to prove a number of rigidity statements in comparison geometry.
description: +minor corrections
Stellar X-ray sources in the Chandra COSMOS survey
Creators: name: Wright, Nicholas J.
name: Drake, Jeremy J.
name: Civano, Francesca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an analysis of the X-ray properties of a sample of solar- and late-type field stars identified in the Chandra Cosmic Evolution Survey (COSMOS), a deep (160ks) and wide (0.9 deg2) extragalactic survey. The sample of 60 sources was identified using both morphological and photometric star/galaxy separation methods. We determine X-ray count rates, extract spectra and light curves and perform spectral fits to determine fluxes and plasma temperatures. Complementary optical and near-IR photometry is also presented and combined with spectroscopy for 48 of the sources to determine spectral types and distances for the sample. We find distances ranging from 30pc to ~12kpc, including a number of the most distant and highly active stellar X-ray sources ever detected. This stellar sample extends the known coverage of the L_X-distance plane to greater distances and higher luminosities, but we do not detect as many intrinsically faint X-ray sources compared to previous surveys. Overall the sample is typically more luminous than the active Sun, representing the high-luminosity end of the disk and halo X-ray luminosity functions. The halo population appears to include both low-activity spectrally hard sources that may be emitting through thermal bremsstrahlung, as well as a number of highly active sources in close binaries.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
A massive association around the obscured open cluster RSGC3
Creators: name: Negueruela, Ignacio
name: Gonzalez-Fernandez, Carlos
name: Marco, Amparo
name: Clark, J. Simon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Four clusters of red supergiants have been discovered in a region of the Milky Way close to base of the Scutum-Crux Arm and the tip of the Long Bar. Population synthesis models indicate that they must be very massive to harbour so many supergiants. The spatial extent of one of these clusters, RSGC3, has not been investigated. We utilised 2MASS JHK photometry to identify candidate obscured luminous red stars in the vicinity of RSGC3. We observed a sample of candidates with the TWIN spectrograph on the 3.5-m telescope at Calar Alto, obtaining intermediate-resolution spectroscopy in the 8000-9000A range. We re-evaluated a number of classification criteria proposed in the literature for this spectral range and found that we could use our spectra to derive spectral types and luminosity classes. We measured the radial velocity of five members of RSGC3, finding velocities similar to the average for members of Stephenson2. Among the candidates observed outside the cluster, our spectra revealed eight M-type supergiants at distances <18arcmin from the centre of RSGC3, distributed in two clumps. The southern clump is most likely another cluster of red supergiants, with reddening and age identical to RSGC3. From 2MASS photometry, we identified four likely supergiant members of the cluster in addition to the five spectroscopically observed. The northern clump may be a small cluster with similar parameters. Photometric analysis of the area around RSGC3 suggests the presence of a large (>30) population of red supergiants with similar colours, suggesting that the massive cluster RSGC3 is surrounded by an extended association, which may be very massive (>10E5M_sun). We also show that supergiants in the Scutum Complex may be characterised via a combination of 2MASS photometry and intermediate-to-high-resolution spectroscopy in the Z band (abridged).
description: Accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics
The distribution of Lyman-limit absorption systems during and after reionization
Creators: name: Crociani, Daniela
name: Mesinger, Andrei
name: Moscardini, Lauro
name: Furlanetto, Steven
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Lyman-limit absorption systems can play many important roles during and after cosmological reionization. Unfortunately, due to the prohibitively large dynamic range required, it is impossible to self-consistently include these systems in cosmological simulations. Using fast and versatile semi-numeric simulations, we systematically explore the spatial distribution of absorption systems during and following reionization. We self-calibrate the resulting number of absorbers to the mean free path (mfp) of the ionizing ultraviolet background (UVB), and present results at a given mfp and neutral hydrogen fraction. We use a simple optical depth criterion to identify the locations of absorbers. Our approach is fairly robust to uncertainties such as missing subgrid structure. Unlike at lower redshifts where the UVB is relatively uniform, at higher redshifts the fluctuations in the UVB and the HII morphology of reionization can drive the large-scale distribution of absorption systems. Specifically, we find that absorbers are highly correlated with the density field on small scales, and then become anti-correlated with the UVB on large scales. After reionization, the large-scale power spectrum of the absorbers traces the UVB power spectrum, which can be predicted with a simple analytic extension of the halo-model. During reionization, absorbers tend to preferentially lie inside overdensities (i.e. filaments) of the recently-ionized intergalactic medium (IGM). Absorbers may also dominate the small-scale (k > 1/Mpc) 21-cm power during and after reionization. Conversely, they smooth the contrast on moderate scales. Once the HII regions grow to surpass the mfp, the absorbers add to the large-scale 21-cm power. Our results should prove useful in interpreting future observations of the reionization epoch.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures, submitted to MNRAS
Snake representation of a super-Brownian reactant in the catalytic region
Creators: name: Fleischmann, Klaus
name: Xiong, Jie
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Markov branching process
subject: admissible catalyst
subject: part of reactant
subject: superprocess
subject: collision measure
subject: collision local time
subject: catalytic Brownian snake
subject: modified hitting measure
subject: 60K35
subject: 60G57
subject: 60J80

description: For a continuous super-Brownian reactant X in Rd with general catalyst ρ a Brownian snake representation is derived for the part Xc of X in the catalyst region. This extends results of Dawson et al. (2002) and Klenke (2003) in that it allows the collision local time of an intrinsic reactant particle with the catalyst to have flat pieces, caused by catalyst-free regions.
Necessary and sufficient conditions for $\mathbb{Z}_2$-symmetry-breaking phase transitions
Creators: name: Baroni, Fabrizio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a recent paper a toy model (hypercubic model) undergoing a first-order $\mathbb{Z}_2$-symmetry-breaking phase transition ($\mathbb{Z}_2$-SBPT) was introduced. The hypercubic model was inspired by the \emph{topological hypothesis}, according to which a phase transition may be entailed by suitable topological changes of the equipotential surfaces ($Σ_v$'s) of configuration space. In this paper we show that at the origin of a $\mathbb{Z}_2$-SBPT there is a geometric property of the $Σ_v$'s, i.e., dumbbell-shaped $Σ_v$'s suitably defined, which includes a topological change as a limiting case. This property is necessary and sufficient condition to entail a $\mathbb{Z}_2$-SBPT. This new approach has been applied to three models: a modified version introduced here of the hypercubic model, a model introduced in a recent paper with a continuous $\mathbb{Z}_2$-SBPT belonging to several universality classes, and finally to a physical models, i.e., the mean-field $ϕ^4$ model and a simplified version of it.
Copper-based therapeutics : creating a formulation platform to facilitate development of an emerging drug class
Creators: name: Wehbe, Mohamed
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Copper-based therapeutics (CBTs) are a promising class of drug candidates that have been shown to have anti-cancer activity. One of the major challenges associated with developing this emerging class of medicines, however, is their poor aqueous solubility (< 1 mg/mL). This has impeded the transition of these agents from preclinical candidate drugs to lead candidates suitable for use in humans. This thesis describes a novel method for preparing copper-based therapeutics suitable for parenteral administration. The method involves synthesis of the copper complexes in the core of liposomes nanoscaled spherical structures with an aqueous core surrounded by a lipid bilayer). The method provides a simple, transformative solution enabling the development of CBTs as viable candidate anticancer drugs—a brand new class of therapeutics for cancer patients. The potential of this technology was exemplified with several compounds. Diethyldithiocarbamate (DDC) is the primary metabolite of disulfiram, an approved drug for alcoholism that is being repurposed for cancer. The anti-cancer activity of DDC is dependent on complexation with copper (Cu(DDC)₂), which is a highly insoluble complex. An injectable Cu(DDC)₂ formulation was prepared through synthesis of Cu(DDC)₂ inside the aqueous core of liposomes, and the resultant formulation exhibited significant therapeutic activity in two different rodent models of cancer. Clioquinol (CQ) is an approved anti-microbial agent that has potential anti-cancer activity. The activity of CQ is enhanced in some cancer cell lines when complexed to copper. The copper-CQ complex (Cu(CQ)₂) is sparingly soluble in aqueous solution but it is demonstrated that Cu(CQ)₂ can be synthesized inside liposomes. The therapeutic activity of the resultant formulations was, however, not significant. In an effort to identify cancer indications that may benefit most from treatment with CBTs, the therapeutic potential of DDC, pyrithione (Pyr), plumbagin (Plum), 8-hydroxyquinoline (8-HQ) and CQ copper complexes was determined in a panel of cancer cell lines that differed in their sensitivity to cisplatin. Cu(DDC)₂, Cu(Pyr)₂, Cu(Plum)₂ and Cu(8-HQ)₂ showed IC₅₀ values less than that of cisplatin in all tested cell lines. This work suggests that future studies with CBTs for cancer should focus on platinum refractory cancers.
Escape game pédagogique - Masque-arade
Creators: name: Couëdel-Courteille, Anne
name: Dalmar, Elisa
name: Hodencq, Candice
name: Lemaitre, Coralie
name: Novoa, Luna
name: Laelle Gaillard
name: Bissie, Ornella
name: Chouider, Brahim
name: Nunes, Claudio Colaco
name: Mohideen, Halima
name: Hartmann, Raphael
name: Gueredrak, Ludivine
name: Raphaelle Arnaud
name: Zederman, William
name: Moulin, Maryline
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Escape game pédagogique
Biologie
Bioéthique
Bonnes pratiques de Laboratoire
Serious game
Masque
Essai clinique

description: Cet escape game correspond à un essai clinique où les participants viennent tester des masques, enfin c’est ce qu’ils pensent . . . En téléchargeant l’ensemble des éléments, vous trouverez le livret d'installation-explication des différentes énigmes. Celui-ci comprend le scénario (briefing) et les éléments nécessaires au débriefing (séance d'échange entre les participants et le maître du jeu pour discuter du jeu et des notions pédagogiques abordées). Pour le briefing, une vidéo (avec ou sans sous-titres en anglais) permet de mettre les joueurs dans l’ambiance. L’ensemble des éléments du jeu à imprimer ou sur ordinateur est disponible en français ou en anglais. Vous trouverez également des affiches et un teaser. Cet escape game est le résultat de l'unité d'enseignement "Escape Game Moléculaire" de l'Université de Paris (2020-2021). Le jeu dure environ une heure pour 4 à 8 joueurs.
description: Les énigmes ont été traduites en anglais, mais pas le livret d'installation
Hawking radiation of scalar particles from accelerating and rotating black holes
Creators: name: Gillani, Usman A.
name: Rehman, Mudassar
name: Saifullah, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hawking radiation of uncharged and charged scalars from accelerating and rotating black holes is studied. We calculate the tunneling probabilities of these particles from the rotation and acceleration horizons of these black holes. Using the tunneling method we recover the correct Hawking temperature as well.
A Spectroscopic Search for Leaking Lyman Continuum at z~0.7
Creators: name: Bridge, Carrie R.
name: Teplitz, Harry I.
name: Siana, Brian
name: Scarlata, Claudia
name: Conselice, Christopher J.
name: Ferguson, Henry C.
name: Brown, Thomas M.
name: Salvato, Mara
name: Rudie, Gwen C.
name: de Mello, Duilia F.
name: Colbert, James
name: Gardner, Jonathan P.
name: Giavalisco, Mauro
name: Armus, Lee
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of rest-frame, UV slitless spectroscopic observations of a sample of 32 z~0.7 Lyman break galaxy (LBG) analogs in the COSMOS field. The spectroscopic search was performed with the Solar Blind Channel (SBC) on Hubble Space Telescope. We report the detection of leaking Lyman continuum (LyC) radiation from an AGN-starburst composite. While we find no direct detections of LyC emission in the remainder of our sample, we achieve individual lower limits (3 sigma) of the observed non-ionizing UV to LyC flux density ratios, f_{nu}(1500A)/f_{nu}(830A) of 20 to 204 (median of 73.5) and 378.7 for the stack. Assuming an intrinsic Lyman break of 3.4 and an intergalactic medium (IGM) transmission of LyC photons along the line of sight to the galaxy of 85% we report an upper limit for the relative escape fraction in individual galaxies of 0.02 - 0.19 and a stacked 3 sigma upper limit of 0.01. We find no indication of a relative escape fraction near unity as seen in some LBGs at z~3. Our UV spectra achieve the deepest limits to date at any redshift for the escape fraction in individual sources. The contrast between these z~0.7 low escape fraction LBG analogs with z~3 LBGs suggests that either the processes conducive to high escape fractions are not being selected for in the z<1 samples or the average escape fraction is decreasing from z~3 to z~1. We discuss possible mechanisms which could affect the escape of LyC photons.
description: ApJ in press, 21 pages, 10 figures
Global-scale wreath-building dynamos in stellar convection zones
Creators: name: Brown, Benjamin P
name: Browning, Matthew K
name: Brun, Allan S
name: Miesch, Mark S
name: Toomre, Juri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When stars like our Sun are young they rotate rapidly and are very magnetically active. We explore dynamo action in rapidly rotating suns with the 3-D MHD anelastic spherical harmonic (ASH) code. The magnetic fields built in these dynamos are organized on global-scales into wreath-like structures that span the convection zone. Wreath-building dynamos can undergo quasi-cyclic reversals of polarity and such behavior is common in the parameter space we have been able to explore. These dynamos do not appear to require tachoclines to achieve their spatial or temporal organization. Wreath-building dynamos are present to some degree at all rotation rates, but are most evident in the more rapidly rotating simulations.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures. To appear in IAU 271: "Astrophysical Dynamics: from Stars to Galaxies"
Monitoring single membrane protein dynamics in a liposome manipulated in solution by the ABELtrap
Creators: name: Rendler, Torsten
name: Renz, Marc
name: Hammann, Eva
name: Ernst, Stefan
name: Zarrabi, Nawid
name: Boersch, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: FoF1-ATP synthase is the essential membrane enzyme maintaining the cellular level of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and comprises two rotary motors. We measure subunit rotation in FoF1-ATP synthase by intramolecular Foerster resonance energy transfer (FRET) between two fluorophores at the rotor and at the stator of the enzyme. Confocal FRET measurements of freely diffusing single enzymes in lipid vesicles are limited to hundreds of milliseconds by the transit times through the laser focus. We evaluate two different methods to trap the enzyme inside the confocal volume in order to extend the observation times. Monte Carlo simulations show that optical tweezers with low laser power are not suitable for lipid vesicles with a diameter of 130 nm. A. E. Cohen (Harvard) and W. E. Moerner (Stanford) have recently developed an Anti-Brownian electrokinetic trap (ABELtrap) which is capable to apparently immobilize single molecules, proteins, viruses or vesicles in solution. Trapping of fluorescent particles is achieved by applying a real time, position-dependent feedback to four electrodes in a microfluidic device. The standard deviation from a given target position in the ABELtrap is smaller than 200 nm. We develop a combination of the ABELtrap with confocal FRET measurements to monitor single membrane enzyme dynamics by FRET for more than 10 seconds in solution.
description: 12 pages, 10 figures
The Supermassive Black Hole in M84 Revisited
Creators: name: Walsh, Jonelle L.
name: Barth, Aaron J.
name: Sarzi, Marc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The mass of the central black hole in the giant elliptical galaxy M84 has previously been measured by two groups using the same observations of emission-line gas with the Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph (STIS) on the Hubble Space Telescope, giving strongly discrepant results: Bower et al. (1998) found M_BH = (1.5^{+1.1}_{-0.6}) x 10^9 M_sun, while Maciejewski & Binney (2001) estimated M_BH = 4 x 10^8 M_sun. In order to resolve this discrepancy, we have performed new measurements of the gas kinematics in M84 from the same archival data, and carried out comprehensive gas-dynamical modeling for the emission-line disk within ~70 pc from the nucleus. In comparison with the two previous studies of M84, our analysis includes a more complete treatment of the propagation of emission-line profiles through the telescope and STIS optics, as well as inclusion of the effects of an intrinsic velocity dispersion in the emission-line disk. We find that an intrinsic velocity dispersion is needed in order to match the observed line widths, and we calculate gas-dynamical models both with and without a correction for asymmetric drift. Including the effect of asymmetric drift improves the model fit to the observed velocity field. Our best-fitting model with asymmetric drift gives M_BH = (8.5^{+0.9}_{-0.8}) x 10^8 M_sun (68% confidence). This is a factor of ~2 smaller than the mass often adopted in studies of the M_BH - sigma and M_BH - L relationships. Our result provides a firmer basis for the inclusion of M84 in the correlations between black hole mass and host galaxy properties.
description: 16 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
The integrability of the 2-Toda lattice on a simple Lie algebra
Creators: name: Abdeljelil, Khaoula Ben
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 70H06, 73K10, 17B63

description: We define the 2-Toda lattice on every simple Lie algebra g, and we show its Liouville integrability. We show that this lattice is given by a pair of Hamiltonian vector fields, associated with a Poisson bracket which results from an R-matrix of the underlying Lie algebra. We construct a big family of constants of motion which we use to prove the Liouville integrability of the system. We achieve the proof of their integrability by using several results on simple Lie algebras, R-matrices, invariant functions and root systems.
description: 30 pages
The impact of giftware design and its packaging attributes on consumer
      purchasing intentions behaviour in Malaysian context
Creators: name: Mustaffa, Nisa
Publisher: name: Lancaster University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Packaging
Packaging attributes
Malaysia
Giftware design
Purchase intention

description: The aim of this research is on the role of packaging and its attributes
      and their effect on consumer purchase intention behaviour focusing on
      giftware design that it relates to a Malaysian context. The research
      considers the significance of ‘packaging attributes’ values and the
      relationship between packaging attributes and the process of purchase
      decision in marketing strategies as well as its influence on purchase
      intention. The research draws from a body of literature review that
      considers four significant areas; the form of packaging, consumer
      behaviour, company management strategy and purchase behaviour in Malaysian
      context. These areas relating to packaging attributes and consumer
      purchase intention behaviour are to identify several significant themes in
      order to answer three research questions. This research engages experts
      from the academia and industry from marketing and design areas in a series
      of face-to-face interviews, focus group discussions and experimental
      workshops in the United Kingdom and Malaysia. The data collection was
      divided into two phases. Phase One was to determine the key variables in
      packaging attributes and organisation of strategic issues. Phase Two was
      to associate values of packaging attributes with organisation positioning
      strategy in Malaysian context. The original contribution of this research
      is based on the findings that the visual aesthetics of packaging
      attributes is associated with consumers’ evaluations and purchase
      intention behaviour. This research also contributes to an understanding of
      how designers and marketers use packaging attributes to change consumer’s
      purchase intention behaviour. Finally, this research contributes to
      knowledge sharing of academia-industry to enhance the competitiveness and
      performance of a company as well as in packaging innovation in a Malaysian
      context.