cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A nonlocal physics-informed deep learning framework using the peridynamic differential operator
Creators: name: Haghighat, Ehsan
name: Bekar, Ali Can
name: Madenci, Erdogan
name: Juanes, Ruben
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: J.2
subject: 34B10 (primary), 65N21, 74S30, 74C05, 35Q74 (secondary)

description: The Physics-Informed Neural Network (PINN) framework introduced recently incorporates physics into deep learning, and offers a promising avenue for the solution of partial differential equations (PDEs) as well as identification of the equation parameters. The performance of existing PINN approaches, however, may degrade in the presence of sharp gradients, as a result of the inability of the network to capture the solution behavior globally. We posit that this shortcoming may be remedied by introducing long-range (nonlocal) interactions into the network's input, in addition to the short-range (local) space and time variables. Following this ansatz, here we develop a nonlocal PINN approach using the Peridynamic Differential Operator (PDDO)---a numerical method which incorporates long-range interactions and removes spatial derivatives in the governing equations. Because the PDDO functions can be readily incorporated in the neural network architecture, the nonlocality does not degrade the performance of modern deep-learning algorithms. We apply nonlocal PDDO-PINN to the solution and identification of material parameters in solid mechanics and, specifically, to elastoplastic deformation in a domain subjected to indentation by a rigid punch, for which the mixed displacement--traction boundary condition leads to localized deformation and sharp gradients in the solution. We document the superior behavior of nonlocal PINN with respect to local PINN in both solution accuracy and parameter inference, illustrating its potential for simulation and discovery of partial differential equations whose solution develops sharp gradients.
Transition to linear domain walls in nano-constrictions
Creators: name: Kazantseva, N.
name: Wieser, R.
name: Nowak, U.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Domain walls in nano-constrictions are investigated with a focus on thermal properties. In general, the magnetization component perpendicular to the easy axis which in a domain wall usually occurs has a value different from the easy-axis bulk magnetization value with a separate phase transition at a critical temperature below the Curie temperature. Since this effect is the more pronounced the smaller the domain wall width is we investigate it especially in domain walls with a confined geometry, using analytical arguments, mean-field theory and Monte Carlo simulations. Our findings may contribute to the understanding of magneto-resistive effects in domain walls with sizes of only a few atomic layers, as e. g. in nano-contacts or nano-constrictions.
description: 5 pages, 6 figures, to be published in Phys. Rev. Letters
Dense Quarks, and the Fermion Sign Problem, in a SU(N) Matrix Model
Creators: name: Dumitru, Adrian
name: Pisarski, Robert D.
name: Zschiesche, Detlef
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effect of dense quarks in a SU(N) matrix model of deconfinement. For three or more colors, the quark contribution to the loop potential is complex. After adding the charge conjugate loop, the measure of the matrix integral is real, but not positive definite. In a matrix model, quarks act like a background Z(N) field; at nonzero density, the background field also has an imaginary part, proportional to the imaginary part of the loop. Consequently, while the expectation values of the loop and its complex conjugate are both real, they are not equal. These results suggest a possible approach to the fermion sign problem in lattice QCD.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures
A reference OWL ontology for knowledge inspection and automatic quality improvement methods benchmarking
Creators: name: Roldan-Molina, Gabriela
name: Yevseyeva, Iryna
name: Ruano-Ordás, David
name: Basto-Fernandes, Vitor
name: Méndez, José
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: OWL Ontology
Ontology quality assessment
Ontology quality improvement
Automatically generated ontologies
Ontology-learning methods
Ontology Knowledge Engineering

description: The Automatically-Generated-Ontology.owl is an OWL ontology automatically generated using CERMINE [DOI 10.1007/s10032-015-0249-8] and Text2Onto [DOI 10.9790/0661-112101117] frameworks, following the configurations and protocol described in [DOI 10.3390/app10186328 and DOI 10.1016/j.datak.2021.101889]. It was built from a corpus of 62 scientific articles in the Preference-Based MultiObjective Evolutionary Algorithms domain, written in natural language (English).
 This set of articles was taken as reference for the ontology automatic generation process due to the existence of a manually created ontology by domain experts (available in DOI 10.5281/zenodo.3269857), having the same set of articles as input.
 We assume the manually created ontology quality as a reference benchmark of high value for ontology learning and ontology quality improvement methods and tools.
Effect of Binary Source Companions on the Microlensing Optical Depth Determination toward the Galactic Bulge Field
Creators: name: Han, Cheongho
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Currently, gravitational microlensing survey experiments toward the Galactic bulge field utilize two different methods of minimizing blending effect for the accurate determination of the optical depth τ. One is measuring τbased on clump giant (CG) source stars and the other is using `Difference Image Analysis (DIA)' photometry to measure the unblended source flux variation. Despite the expectation that the two estimates should be the same assuming that blending is properly considered, the estimates based on CG stars systematically fall below the DIA results based on all events with source stars down to the detection limit. Prompted by the gap, we investigate the previously unconsidered effect of companion-associated events on $τ$ determination. Although the image of a companion is blended with that of its primary star and thus not resolved, the event associated with the companion can be detected if the companion flux is highly magnified. Therefore, companions work effectively as source stars to microlensing and thus neglect of them in the source star count could result in wrong τestimation. By carrying out simulations based on the assumption that companions follow the same luminosity function of primary stars, we estimate that the contribution of the companion-associated events to the total event rate is ~5f_{bi}% for current surveys and can reach up to ~6f_{bi}% for future surveys monitoring fainter stars, where f_{bi} is the binary frequency. Therefore, we conclude that the companion-associated events comprise a non-negligible fraction of all events. However, their contribution to the optical depth is not large enough to explain the systematic difference between the optical depth estimates based on the two different methods.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure, 1 table, ApJ, submitted
Smear fitting: a new deconvolution method for interferometric data
Creators: name: Reid, Robert I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new technique is presented for producing images from interferometric data. The method, ``smear fitting'', makes the constraints necessary for interferometric imaging double as a model, with uncertainties, of the sky brightness distribution. It does this by modelling the sky with a set of functions and then convolving each component with its own elliptical gaussian to account for the uncertainty in its shape and location that arises from noise. This yields much sharper resolution than CLEAN for significantly detected features, without sacrificing any sensitivity. Using appropriate functional forms for the components provides both a scientifically interesting model and imaging constraints that tend to be better than those used by traditional deconvolution methods. This allows it to avoid the most serious problems that limit the imaging quality of those methods. Comparisons of smear fitting to CLEAN and maximum entropy are given, using both real and simulated observations. It is also shown that the famous Rayleigh criterion (resolution = wavelength / baseline) is inappropriate for interferometers as it does not consider the reliability of the measurements.
description: 16 pages, 38 figures (some have been lossily compressed for astro-ph). Uses the hyperref LaTeX package. Accepted for publication by the Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Antiplatelet and antithrombotic therapy in diabetic patients recent updates
Creators: name: S P Srinivas Nahak
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 111502 Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder associated with accelerated atherogenesis and an increased risk of atherothrombotic complications. Multiple mechanisms contribute to the pro thrombotic status which characterizes DM patients underscoring the importance of antiplatelet therapies used for secondary prevention in these patients. For many years, dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) with aspirin and the P2Y12 inhibitor clopidogrel has represented the mainstay of treatment following an acute coronary syndrome (ACS) or in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI). Although DAPT reduces the incidence of atherothrombotic recurrences, these rates remain high in DM patients underscoring the need for more efficacious therapies. The present manuscript provides an overview on the current status of knowledge on currently available antiplatelet agents, focusing on the benefits and limitations of these therapies in DM patients, and evaluating the potential role of new antithrombotic agents and treatment strategies currently under development to overcome these limitations
Electron-pairing in the quantum Hall regime due to neutralon exchange
Creators: name: Frigeri, Giovanni A.
name: Rosenow, Bernd
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The behavior of electrons in condensed matter systems is mostly determined by the repulsive Coulomb interaction. However, under special circumstances the Coulomb interaction can be effectively attractive, giving rise to electron pairing in unconventional superconductors and specifically designed mesoscopic setups. In quantum Hall systems electron interactions can play a particularly important role due to the huge degeneracy of Landau levels, leading for instance to the emergence of quasi-particles with fractional charge and anyonic statistics. Quantum Hall Fabry-Pérot (FPI) interferometers have attracted increasing attention due to their ability to probe such exotic physics. In addition, such interferometers are affected by electron interactions themselves in interesting ways. Recently, experimental evidence for electron pairing in a quantum Hall FPI was found (H.K. Choi et al., Nat. Comm 6, 7435 (2015)) . Theoretically describing an FPI in the limit of strong backscattering and under the influence of a screened Coulomb interaction, we compute electron shot noise and indeed find a two-fold enhanced Fano factor for some parameters, indicative of electron pairing. This result is explained in terms of an electron interaction due to exchange of neutral inter-edge plasmons, so-called neutralons.
description: 14+4 pages. 14+4 figures
Impacts of land use on carbon storage and assimilation rates
Creators: name: Ames, Susan Eveline
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: A major contributor to global warming is the increasing amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. Land use management may be a means to countering global warming by increasing the carbon sink potential. Terrestrial carbon budgets were prepared for forested (Douglas-fir), agricultural (hay), and urban sites in Abbotsford, B.C. The results indicate that the greatest amount of carbon is stored in the forested sites, followed by the hay sites, with the lowest amount in the urban sites. To maximize carbon in storage the use of trees either as forests or in pockets within the landscape is the best option. To simulate and to expand the utility of these carbon budgets, the study used the CENTURY model. The results of the simulations indicate that forests are a major carbon sink as was found earlier. Carbon storage under hay is at a relative steady state, except during the cultivation years when it becomes a carbon source. Lawn in an urban setting is a carbon source. The results of the simulations suggest that management can be used to increase the carbon sink. It also indicates that soils are a major carbon pool representing 20% of the forest, 90% of the hay, and 95% of the lawn budgets. For the general public and decision-makers to become more aware of the impact of changing land use on carbon storage, at the lot, local, or regional levels, they require a userfriendly decision-making tool. A derivative of the CENTURY model, CLU (for CENTURY Land Use), was developed. It was designed to be user-friendly and at the same time maintain the integrity of the parent model. It allows the user to input site-specific data and obtain site related output carbon data on a component basis, which can be used to assess how a potential change in land use or management may affect the amount of carbon in storage. The model should be suitable as a research tool and for planning and educational purposes.
Dynamics of Bose-Einstein Condensates in One-Dimensional Optical Lattices in the Presence of Transverse Resonances
Creators: name: Marzlin, K. -P.
name: Yukalov, V. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dynamics of Bose-Einstein condensates in the lowest energy band of a one-dimensional optical lattice is generally disturbed by the presence of transversally excited resonant states. We propose an effective one-dimensional theory which takes these resonant modes into account and derive variational equations for large-scale dynamics. Several applications of the theory are discussed and a novel type of "triple soliton" is proposed, which consists of a superposition of a wavepacket at the upper band edge and two transversally excited wavepackets which are displaced in quasi-momentum space.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures
Stochastic integration with respect to cylindrical semimartingales
Creators: name: Fonseca-Mora, C. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60H05, 60B11, 60G20, 60G48

description: In this work we introduce a theory of stochastic integration with respect to general cylindrical semimartingales defined on a locally convex space $Φ$. Our construction of the stochastic integral is based on the theory of tensor products of topological vector spaces and the property of good integrators of real-valued semimartingales. This theory is further developed in the case where $Φ$ is a complete, barrelled, nuclear space, where we obtain a complete description of the class of integrands as $Φ$-valued locally bounded and weakly predictable processes. Several other properties of the stochastic integral are proven, including a Riemann representation, a stochastic integration by parts formula and a stochastic Fubini theorem. Our theory is then applied to provide sufficient and necessary conditions for existence and uniqueness of solutions to linear stochastic evolution equations driven by semimartingale noise taking values in the strong dual $Φ'$ of $Φ$. In the last part of this article we apply our theory to define stochastic integrals with respect to a sequence of real-valued semimartingales.
Diagrammatic proof of the BCFW recursion relation for gluon amplitudes in QCD
Creators: name: Draggiotis, Petros D.
name: Kleiss, Ronald H. P.
name: Lazopoulos, Achilleas
name: Papadopoulos, Costas G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a proof of the Britto-Cachazo-Feng-Witten tree-level recursion relation for gluon amplitudes in QCD, based on a direct equivalence between BCFW decompositions and Feynman diagrams. We demonstrate that this equivalence can be made explicit when working in a convenient gauge. We exhibit that gauge invariance and the particular structure of Yang-Mills vertices guarantees the validity of the BCFW construction.
description: 24 pages, 33 figures
Breaking time-reversal and translational symmetry at edges of $d$-wave superconductors: microscopic theory and comparison with quasiclassical theory
Creators: name: Wennerdal, N. Wall
name: Ask, A.
name: Holmvall, P.
name: Löfwander, T.
name: Fogelström, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report results of a microscopic calculation of a second-order phase transition into a state breaking time-reversal and translational invariance along pair-breaking edges of $d$-wave superconductors. By solving a tight-binding model through exact diagonalization with the Bogoliubov-de~Gennes method, we find that such a state with current loops having a diameter of a few coherence lengths is energetically favorable below $T^*$ between 10%-20% of $T_{\mathrm{c}}$ of bulk superconductivity, depending on model parameters. This extends our previous studies of such a phase crystal within the quasiclassical theory of superconductivity, and shows that the instability is not qualitatively different when including a more realistic band structure and the fast oscillations on the scale of the Fermi wavelength. Effects of size quantization and Friedel oscillations are not detrimental. We also report on a comparison with quasiclassical theory with the Fermi surfaces extracted from the tight-binding models used in the microscopic calculation. There are quantitative differences in for instance the value of $T^*$ between the different models, but we can explain the predicted transition temperature within each model as due to the different spectral weights of zero-energy Andreev bound states and the resulting gain in free energy by breaking time-reversal and translational invariance below $T^*$.
description: 15 pages and 9 figures
Concessions and Exemptions for Developing Countries in the Agricultural Negotiations: The Role of the Special and Differential Treatment
Creators: name: Bureau, Jean-Christophe
name: Jean, Sebastien
name: Matthews, Alan
name: Bureau, Jean-Christophe
name: Jean, Sebastien
name: Matthews, Alan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Developping countries
subject: agricultural trade
subject: WTO
subject: trade preferences

description: The main provisions of the special and differential treatment (SDT) granted to developing countries in the agriculture and food sector under the present World Trade Organization agreements are presented. The different provisions seem to have had a limited impact on developing countries, and revision is needed. The positions of the various developing countries regarding the SDT in the negotiations are summarized. Recent simulations of the consequences of a plausible agreement under the Doha negotiations suggest that there is a case for a special treatment for poorest countries, but also for a subset of countries that are likely to lose at multilateral liberalization, because of the erosion of existing preferences. Suggestions are made in order to make special and differential treatment provisions more effective. While direct assistance could play a role, a revised system of preferences could deserves some attention.
A Search for Variable Stars and Planetary Occultations in NGC2301 I: Techniques
Creators: name: Tonry, John L.
name: Howell, Steve B.
name: Everett, Mark E.
name: Rodney, Steven A.
name: Willman, Mark
name: VanOutryve, Cassandra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We observed the young open cluster NGC 2301 for 14 nights in Feb. 2004 using the orthogonal transfer CCD camera (OPTIC). We used PSF shaping techniques ("square stars") during the observations allowing a larger dynamic range (4.5 magnitudes) of high photometric precision results ($\le$2 mmag) to be obtained. These results are better than similar observing campaigns using standard CCD imagers. This paper discusses our observational techniques and presents initial results for the variability statistics found in NGC 2301. Details of the variability statistics as functions of color, variability type, stellar type, and cluster location will appear in paper II.
On universal black holes
Creators: name: Hervik, Sigbjørn
name: Ortaggio, Marcello
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent results of arXiv:1907.08788 on universal black holes in $d$ dimensions are summarized. These are static metrics with an isotropy-irreducible homogeneous base space which can be consistently employed to construct solutions to virtually any metric theory of gravity in vacuum.
description: 4 pages. Short summary of arXiv:1907.08788. Presented at the 6th Conference of the Polish Society on Relativity, Szczecin, Poland, September 23--26, 2019
A Consistent Picture of Applied Protection Across the World
Creators: name: Bouet, Antoine
name: Decreux, Yvan
name: Fontagne, Lionel
name: Jean, Sebastien
name: Laborde, David
name: Bouet, Antoine
name: Decreux, Yvan
name: Fontagne, Lionel
name: Jean, Sebastien
name: Laborde, David
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: International Relations/Trade

description: In order to provide with a consistent assessment of protection across the world in 2001, the MAcMap-HS6 database includes ad valorem equivalent measure of tariff duties and tariff rate quotas for 163 countries and 208 partners, at the six-digit level of the Harmonized System (5,111 products), and accounting for all preferential agreements. We first describe the methodology used to compute and aggregate ad valorem-equivalent applied tariff duties, well suited for analytical purposes. Special emphasis is put in minimizing the endogeneity bias in the aggregation procedure, and in acknowledging structural differences in export specialization. We then overview applied protection across the world, in terms of average as well as distribution. Protection appears strongly uneven across countries and products. Least developed countries are in average the most protected. While developed countries exhibit the lowest average tariff level, their protection appears extremely uneven across both partners and products.
Sensitive Products: Selection and Implications for Agricultural Trade Negotiations
Creators: name: Jean, Sebastien
name: Laborde, David
name: Martin, William J.
name: Jean, Sebastien
name: Laborde, David
name: Martin, William J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: International Relations/Trade

description: The current negotiating framework for WTO negotiations on agriculture includes flexibilities for "sensitive" products to be chosen by the importer. Without knowing which products their partners are likely to select, WTO members cannot assess the implications of an agreement for their market access opportunities. In this paper, we begin by specifying a Grossman-Helpman type political-economy welfare function, and use this to determine which products are likely to be selected as sensitive products. Assuming these products are subjected to smaller reduction in protection, we find that allowing even 2 percent of tariff lines to be treated as sensitive can greatly reduce the impact of an agreement on market access. This problem is, in part, a consequence of using a percentage of tariff lines as the constraint on the use of sensitive products. If the constraint on the products to be classified as sensitive takes more directly into account the interests of the exporter - being specified, for example, as a share of imports - then the adverse impacts on market access opportunities can be greatly reduced.
A Deep Generative Model for Molecule Optimization via One Fragment Modification
Creators: name: Chen, Ziqi
name: Min, Martin Renqiang
name: Parthasarathy, Srinivasan
name: Ning, Xia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Molecule optimization is a critical step in drug development to improve desired properties of drug candidates through chemical modification. We developed a novel deep generative model Modof over molecular graphs for molecule optimization. Modof modifies a given molecule through the prediction of a single site of disconnection at the molecule and the removal and/or addition of fragments at that site. A pipeline of multiple, identical Modof models is implemented into Modof-pipe to modify an input molecule at multiple disconnection sites. Here we show that Modof-pipe is able to retain major molecular scaffolds, allow controls over intermediate optimization steps and better constrain molecule similarities. Modof-pipe outperforms the state-of-the-art methods on benchmark datasets: without molecular similarity constraints, Modof-pipe achieves 81.2% improvement in octanol-water partition coefficient penalized by synthetic accessibility and ring size; and 51.2%, 25.6% and 9.2% improvement if the optimized molecules are at least 0.2, 0.4 and 0.6 similar to those before optimization, respectively. Modof-pipe is further enhanced into Modof-pipem to allow modifying one molecule to multiple optimized ones. Modof-pipem achieves additional performance improvement as at least 17.8% better than Modof-pipe.
description: This paper has been accepted by Nature Machine Intelligence
Russian Agricultural and Food Sector in Transition
Creators: name: Virolainen, Meri
name: Virolainen, Meri
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Russian agro food sector
subject: dairy sector
subject: meat production
subject: crop husbandry
subject: food industry

description: This paper examines current situation in Russian agricultural and food sector and evaluates forthcoming development. Russia's agricultural production diminished by half at the beginning of the 1990s, and since that the production has hardly grown. In fact, Russia is one of the biggest food importers in the world. Particularly in livestock sector the situation is difficult. Number of livestock has not grown according to expectations and production does not satisfy domestic demand. Crop husbandry, by contrast, has export potential, but fluctuations in export volumes have been great. Furthermore, quality of grain has not always met standards. Russia's food industry has grown rapidly in the past few years, even though Russia has not reached self-sufficiency. Foreign investments have improved quality level of Russia's food industry. However, food imports will continue in the next ten years in bulk food products. For example current meat import volumes will remain more or less unchanged. Moreover, import demand of more specialised production inputs will grow.
Schillebeeckx, E., Willebrands, j., Visser't Hooft, W. de lange, D., Trimbos, C., Schuyt, W.: Christentum im Spannungsfeld von Konfessionen, Gesellschaft und Staaten
Creators: name: Kg.
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 17 Nr. 4 (1968): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 17, Heft 4
Benchmark of FEM, Waveguide and FDTD Algorithms for Rigorous Mask Simulation
Creators: name: Burger, S.
name: Köhle, R.
name: Zschiedrich, L.
name: Gao, W.
name: Schmidt, F.
name: März, R.
name: Nölscher, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An extremely fast time-harmonic finite element solver developed for the transmission analysis of photonic crystals was applied to mask simulation problems. The applicability was proven by examining a set of typical problems and by a benchmarking against two established methods (FDTD and a differential method) and an analytical example. The new finite element approach was up to 100 times faster than the competing approaches for moderate target accuracies, and it was the only method which allowed to reach high target accuracies.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures (see original publication for images with a better resolution)
Regional integration and production location: what theories (do not) tell us
Creators: name: Scoppola, Margherita
name: Scoppola, Margherita
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development

description: There is broad empirical evidence showing that regional integration considerably influences the choice of firms over the location of production; nevertheless, the theoretical literature on this issue is rather limited. Traditional preferential trade theory does not include the driving force of these changes, that is, economies of scale. The paper surveys recent contributions from the new economic geography and the multinational enterprise literature addressing the issue of the effects of preferential trade, with the aim of examining the main features of the models, and assessing their predictions and policy implications critically. The paper shows, among other things, that the findings are often contradictory, depending upon the underlying hypotheses of the models used. Overall, there is a need of further research on the welfare implications of preferential trade agreements when location effects are considered; policy implications may be relevant, especially for small countries joining preferential trade areas with the expectation of benefiting from the location of economic activity in their territory.
On Chaotic Dynamics in Rational Polygonal Billiards
Creators: name: Kokshenev, Valery B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We discuss the interplay between the piece-line regular and vertex-angle singular boundary effects, related to integrability and chaotic features in rational polygonal billiards. The approach to controversial issue of regular and irregular motion in polygons is taken within the alternative deterministic and stochastic frameworks. The analysis is developed in terms of the billiard-wall collision distribution and the particle survival probability, simulated in closed and weakly open polygons, respectively. In the multi-vertex polygons, the late-time wall-collision events result in the circular-like regular periodic trajectories (sliding orbits), which, in the open billiard case are likely transformed into the surviving collective excitations (vortices). Having no topological analogy with the regular orbits in the geometrically corresponding circular billiard, sliding orbits and vortices are well distinguished in the weakly open polygons via the universal and non-universal relaxation dynamics.
description: Published in SIGMA (Symmetry, Integrability and Geometry: Methods and Applications) at http://www.emis.de/journals/SIGMA/
What Are EU Trade Preferences Worth for Sub-Saharan Africa and Other Developing Countries?
Creators: name: Candau, Fabien
name: Jean, Sebastien
name: Candau, Fabien
name: Jean, Sebastien
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: International Relations/Trade

description: This study shows that EU preferences to developing countries were fairly well utilised in 2001, especially in sub-Saharan Africa. For several sub-Saharan African countries, the value of EU tariff preferences, even without accounting for tariff rate quota rents, is worth a significant proportion of their world exports. For non-African Least Developed Countries, in contrast, we find that the EBA initiative was only half-utilised approximately, although it is the only preferential regime available to most of them. It is difficult to reach a firm conclusion since 2001 was the first year of enforcement of Everything But Arms (EBA), and figures for 2002 show utilisation is on the rise, but rules of origin appear to limit significantly the value of this scheme. This also likely explains why the Generalised System of Preferences (GSP) scheme is significantly under-utilised in the manufacturing sector, even when the receiving country is not eligible to any other preferential regime.
The role of thermography in the study of vascular pathology
Creators: name: Юріївна, Колюбаєва Олена
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: thermography
vascular pathology
термографія
судинна патологія

description: In English: [Koliubaieva OYu. The role of thermography in the study of vascular pathology. Bull KhRIPHS (ISSN 2707-9287), 2020;93(1):56-7. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3994986] Keywords: thermography, vascular pathology. Українською: [Колюбаєва ОЮ. Роль термографії у вивченні судинної патології. Вісник ХРІПГОЗ (ISSN 2707-9287), 2020;93(1):56-7. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3994986] Ключові слова: термографія, судинна патологія.
description: Матеріали XIХ Міжнародної науково-практичної конференції «Сучасна наука та її вплив на розвиток людства» (Україна, м. Харків, 28 лютого 2020)
description: {"references": ["Ring E.F. The historical development of thermometry and thermal imaging in medicine // J. Med. Eng. Technol. 2006. Vol. 30( 4). P. 192\u2013198.", "\u0418\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0446\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0413.\u0420., \u0425\u0438\u0436\u043d\u044f\u043a \u0415.\u041f., \u0414\u0435\u0435\u0432 \u0410.\u0410. \u0411\u0438\u043e\u0444\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b \u043c\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0442\u0435\u043f\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f // \u0411\u0438\u043e\u0444\u0438\u0437\u0438\u043a\u0430. 2012. \u2116 57(1). \u0421. 130\u2013139.", "\u041a\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0432\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0418.\u0421., \u041f\u0430\u043d\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u041c.\u041d., \u0421\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0446\u0435\u0432\u0430 \u041b.\u0424., \u0410\u0444\u0430\u043d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043d\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u041d.\u0412. \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u043d\u0444\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0442\u0435\u0440\u043c\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0430\u0442\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u044f\u0445 (\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043e\u0431\u0437\u043e\u0440) // \u041c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443\u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0436\u0443\u0440\u043d\u0430\u043b \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0438 \u0444\u0443\u043d\u0434\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0438\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439. \u2013 2017. \u2013 \u2116 5-1. \u2013 \u0421. 72-74."]}
Localization and Pattern Formation in BBGKY Hierarchy
Creators: name: Fedorova, Antonina N.
name: Zeitlin, Michael G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A fast and efficient numerical-analytical approach is proposed for modeling complex behaviour in the BBGKY hierarchy of kinetic equations. Numerical modeling shows the creation of various internal structures from localized modes, which are related to the localized or chaotic type of behaviour and the corresponding patterns (waveletons) formation.
description: LaTeX2e, w-art.cls, w-thm.sty, w-pamm.clo, 3 pages, 1 figure, presented at GAMM Meeting, March, 2004, Dresden, Germany
SANA : Sentiment Analysis on Newspapers comments in Algeria
Creators: name: Rahab, Hichem
name: Zitouni, Abdelhafid
name: Djoudi, Mahieddine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: It is very current in today life to seek for tracking the people opinion from their interaction with occurring events. A very common way to do that is comments in articles published in newspapers web sites dealing with contemporary events. Sentiment analysis or opinion mining is an emergent field who is the purpose is finding the behind phenomenon masked in opinionated texts. We are interested in our work by comments in Algerian newspaper websites. For this end, two corpora were used SANA and OCA. SANA corpus is created by collection of comments from three Algerian newspapers, and annotated by two Algerian Arabic native speakers, while OCA is a freely available corpus for sentiment analysis. For the classification we adopt Supports vector machines, naive Bayes and knearest neighbors. Obtained results are very promising and show the different effects of stemming in such domain, also knearest neighbors give important improvement comparing to other classifiers unlike similar works where SVM is the most dominant. From this study we observe the importance of dedicated resources and methods the newspaper comments sentiment analysis which we look forward in future works.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures, 12 tables
Normal covariant quantization maps
Creators: name: Kiukas, J.
name: Lahti, P.
name: Ylinen, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider questions related to quantizing complex valued functions defined on a locally compact topological group. In the case of bounded functions, we generalize R. Werner's approach to prove the characterization of the associated normal covariant quantization maps.
description: 17 pages, to be published in Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications
The role of EBA in the political economy of CAP reform
Creators: name: Matthews, Alan
name: Gallezot, Jacques
name: Matthews, Alan
name: Gallezot, Jacques
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
International Relations/Trade

description: This paper explores whether the EU's Everything But Arms (EBA) scheme, under which exports from 50 least developed countries (LDCs) are admitted duty-free to the EU market, influenced the trajectory or pace of Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) reform. It finds no evidence that it played a role except in the case of two products, sugar and rice. The overall volume of exports, or potential exports, from LDCs in CAP products is just too small to create market management difficulties outside of these two products. It could play an indirect role in reform in the future in the context of the Economic Partnership Agreement negotiations between the EU and African, Caribbean and Pacific (ACP) countries under the Cotonou Agreement. ACP countries could use EBA as a benchmark and demand equivalent treatment for their exports in these negotiations in return for liberalising their markets towards EU exports. Any move to extend more generous preferential access to non-LDC ACP countries for CAP-supported products would have much greater implications for the CAP simply because of their greater supply capacity.
Ontogeny of drug disposition in the newborn : studies examining valproic acid and diphenhydramine in chronically instrumented lambs
Creators: name: Wong, Harvey
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Valproic acid (VPA, a low clearance carboxylic acid) and diphenhydramine (DPHM, a high clearance amine) were investigated in chronically instrumented lambs to examine developmental changes in their pharmacokinetics and metabolism. In 10 day old, 1 month old and 2 month old lambs, and adult sheep, VPA clearance followed a pattern similar to humans. With a 10 mg/kg VPA i.v. bolus, both unbound and total VPA clearance increased significantly up to 2 months of age before decreasing to adult levels. Plasma protein binding was nonlinear in all ages examined with the area weighted unbound fraction being significantly higher in 10 day old lambs. A substantial (~2.5 fold) increase in urinary recovery of VPA-glucuronide in 2 month old lambs in comparison to 10 day old lambs suggested that changes in clearance may be largely related to post-natal development of enzymes involved in VPA glucuronidation. Finally, as with other organic acids, VPA renal clearance was initially low and increased with age. In a subsequent dose-ranging experiment in 10 day old lambs and adult sheep, the lambs appeared to have a lower binding capacity, but a higher binding affinity for VPA than adult sheep. Metabolic capacity was similar in 10 day old and adult sheep, however, the apparent in vivo K[sub m] was lower in the adult. Differences in K[sub m] appeared to account for the observed dose-dependent changes in unbound clearance for the two age groups. Estimates of apparent in vivo V[sub max]and K[sub m] appeared to largely reflect developmental differences in VPA glucuronidation.
From Dayton to Brussels: A Presentation of the Balkan's Status Quo
Creators: name: Baourakis, George
name: Lakatos, Csilla
name: Xepapadeas, Anastasios
name: Baourakis, George
name: Lakatos, Csilla
name: Xepapadeas, Anastasios
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: International Relations/Trade

description: Associating the Balkans with "backwardness" is highly common in specialty literature. However, more recently - ten years after the Dayton Peace Agreement - a new paradigm is dominating discussions about the future of the Balkans: a possible EU membership for the countries of the region. This paper presents a detailed analysis of the current economic situation in the Balkans with emphasis on the EU's policy towards the region. The launch of the Stabilization and Association Process for the Western Balkans with its main instruments concerning trade liberalization and financial assistance reflects an obvious political will to reduce the "backlog" of the region. The accession of Bulgaria and Romania is a matter of "when" not a matter of "if". An extensive part of this paper is concerned with trade analysis, in view of the fact that external trade might be regarded as one of the most important sources of growth for the countries of the region.
Entanglement distribution for a practical quantum-dot-based quantum processor architecture
Creators: name: Spiller, Timothy P.
name: D'Amico, Irene
name: Lovett, Brendon W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a quantum dot architecture for enabling universal quantum information processing. Quantum registers, consisting of arrays of vertically stacked self-assembled semiconductor quantum dots, are connected by chains of in-plane self-assembled dots. We propose an entanglement distributor, a device for producing and distributing maximally entangled qubits on demand, communicated through in-plane dot chains. This enables the transmission of entanglement to spatially separated register stacks, providing a resource for the realisation of a sizeable quantum processor built from coupled register stacks of practical size. Our entanglement distributor could be integrated into many of the present proposals for self-assembled quantum dot-based quantum computation. Our device exploits the properties of simple, relatively short, spin-chains and does not require microcavities. Utilizing the properties of self-assembled quantum dots, after distribution the entanglement can be mapped into relatively long lived spin qubits and purified, providing a flexible, distributed, off-line resource.
description: Replaced with Published Version
CONSEQUENCES OF FEDERAL MANURE MANAGEMENT PROPOSALS: COST TO SWINE OPERATIONS FROM LAND APPLYING MANURE
Creators: name: Ribaudo, Marc
name: Agapoff, Jean
name: Gollehon, Noel R.
name: Aillery, Marcel P.
name: Ribaudo, Marc
name: Agapoff, Jean
name: Gollehon, Noel R.
name: Aillery, Marcel P.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Livestock Production/Industries

description: A manure application cost model was used with survey data to examine the costs to confined swine operations of meeting proposed mandatory nutrient management plans across regions and size classes. Sector costs are examined under alternative scenarios involving nutrient standards, and owner willingness to accept, and the use of phytase.
Cropland abandonment and maintenance combination: Lessons from Five Millennia of Chinese Farming for Global Farmland Management
Creators: name: Wang, Hanbing
name: Chen, Yanrong
name: Guo, xinlei
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: The development of Chinese agriculture over five millennia has been driven by the evolving relationship between humans and the land, alongside innovations in farming techniques, which have collectively propelled the transformation of cultivation systems. From the following practices of primitive agriculture to the introduction of crop rotation and fallow systems in the Bronze Age, the evolution of Chinese farming methods has significantly boosted grain yields and diversified crop cultivation (Yang et al., 2018; Jiang et al., 2020). This process exemplifies the localization and adaptation of agricultural technologies within China’s unique environmental context. This paper analyses the implications of these historical transformations for global abandoned land management, highlighting how the development of Chinese farming systems has adapted to local climates and environments, thereby enhancing sustainable land use. To address the issue of inadequate abandoned land maintenance, it is proposed that traditional agricultural wisdom be integrated with modern technology, developing strategies that combine abandonment with land maintenance. Specific measures include enhancing soil organic matter, reducing pest infestations, and increasing biodiversity. Additionally, data analytics and technological tools are advocated to monitor the ecological recovery of abandoned lands, aiming to establish a comprehensive management model tailored to local environmental and economic conditions.