cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Automatically Drafting Ontologies from Competency Questions with FrODO
Creators: name: Gangemi, Aldo
name: Lippolis, Anna Sofia
name: Lodi, Giorgia
name: Nuzzolese, Andrea Giovanni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present the Frame-based ontology Design Outlet (FrODO), a novel method and tool for drafting ontologies from competency questions automatically. Competency questions are expressed as natural language and are a common solution for representing requirements in a number of agile ontology engineering methodologies, such as the eXtreme Design (XD) or SAMOD. FrODO builds on top of FRED. In fact, it leverages the frame semantics for drawing domain-relevant boundaries around the RDF produced by FRED from a competency question, thus drafting domain ontologies. We carried out a user-based study for assessing FrODO in supporting engineers for ontology design tasks. The study shows that FrODO is effective in this and the resulting ontology drafts are qualitative.
description: 15 pages
Only-Train-Once MR Fingerprinting for Magnetization Transfer Contrast Quantification
Creators: name: Kang, Beomgu
name: Heo, Hye-Young
name: Park, HyunWook
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetization transfer contrast magnetic resonance fingerprinting (MTC-MRF) is a novel quantitative imaging technique that simultaneously measures several tissue parameters of semisolid macromolecule and free bulk water. In this study, we propose an Only-Train-Once MR fingerprinting (OTOM) framework that estimates the free bulk water and MTC tissue parameters from MR fingerprints regardless of MRF schedule, thereby avoiding time-consuming process such as generation of training dataset and network training according to each MRF schedule. A recurrent neural network is designed to cope with two types of variants of MRF schedules: 1) various lengths and 2) various patterns. Experiments on digital phantoms and in vivo data demonstrate that our approach can achieve accurate quantification for the water and MTC parameters with multiple MRF schedules. Moreover, the proposed method is in excellent agreement with the conventional deep learning and fitting methods. The flexible OTOM framework could be an efficient tissue quantification tool for various MRF protocols.
description: Accepted at 25th International Conference on Medical Image Computing and Computer Assisted Intervention (MICCAI'22)
Improving the use of equational constraints in cylindrical algebraic decomposition
Creators: name: England, Matthew
name: Bradford, Russell
name: Davenport, James H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Symbolic Computation (cs.SC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.1.2
subject: 68W30, 03C10

description: When building a cylindrical algebraic decomposition (CAD) savings can be made in the presence of an equational constraint (EC): an equation logically implied by a formula. The present paper is concerned with how to use multiple ECs, propagating those in the input throughout the projection set. We improve on the approach of McCallum in ISSAC 2001 by using the reduced projection theory to make savings in the lifting phase (both to the polynomials we lift with and the cells lifted over). We demonstrate the benefits with worked examples and a complexity analysis.
title: One Mandarin Benefits the Whole Clan: Hometown Favoritism in an Authoritarian Regime (LIEPP Working Paper, n°13)
Creators: name: Do, Quoc-Anh
name: Nguyen, Kieu-Trang
name: Tran, Anh
Publisher: name: Sciences Po - LIEPP
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: FOS: Social sciences
valueUri: http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf

description:  We show that isolated capital cities are robustly associated with greater levels of corruption across US states, in line with the view that this isolation reduces accountability, and in contrast with the alternative hypothesis that it might forestall political capture. We then provide direct evidence that the spatial distribution of population relative to the capital affects different accountability mechanisms over state politics: newspaper coverage, voter knowledge and information, and turnout. We also find evidence against the capture hypothesis: isolated capitals are associated with more money in state-level campaigns. Finally, we show that isolation is linked with worse public good provision.
Towards Safe Reinforcement Learning via Constraining Conditional Value-at-Risk
Creators: name: Ying, Chengyang
name: Zhou, Xinning
name: Su, Hang
name: Yan, Dong
name: Chen, Ning
name: Zhu, Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Though deep reinforcement learning (DRL) has obtained substantial success, it may encounter catastrophic failures due to the intrinsic uncertainty of both transition and observation. Most of the existing methods for safe reinforcement learning can only handle transition disturbance or observation disturbance since these two kinds of disturbance affect different parts of the agent; besides, the popular worst-case return may lead to overly pessimistic policies. To address these issues, we first theoretically prove that the performance degradation under transition disturbance and observation disturbance depends on a novel metric of Value Function Range (VFR), which corresponds to the gap in the value function between the best state and the worst state. Based on the analysis, we adopt conditional value-at-risk (CVaR) as an assessment of risk and propose a novel reinforcement learning algorithm of CVaR-Proximal-Policy-Optimization (CPPO) which formalizes the risk-sensitive constrained optimization problem by keeping its CVaR under a given threshold. Experimental results show that CPPO achieves a higher cumulative reward and is more robust against both observation and transition disturbances on a series of continuous control tasks in MuJoCo.
Black hole spectra in holography: consequences for equilibration of dual gauge theories
Creators: name: Buchel, Alex
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For a closed system to equilibrate from a given initial condition there must exist an equilibrium state with the energy equal to the initial one. Equilibrium states of a strongly coupled gauge theory with a gravitational holographic dual are represented by black holes. We study the spectrum of black holes in Pilch-Warner geometry. These black holes are holographically dual to equilibrium states of strongly coupled $SU(N)$ ${\cal N}=2^*$ gauge theory plasma on $S^3$ in the planar limit. We find that there is no energy gap in the black hole spectrum. Thus, there is a priory no obstruction for equilibration of arbitrary low-energy states in the theory via a small black hole gravitational collapse. The latter is contrasted with phenomenological examples of holography with dual four-dimensional CFTs having non-equal central charges in the stress-energy tensor trace anomaly.
description: 34 pages, 6 figures; v2: NPB published version (31 pages, 5 figures)
title: The rift to drift transition and sequence stratigraphy at passive continental margins.
Creators: name: John. Couzens, Timothy
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2023

description: Most passive margins display a prominent breakup unconformity coinciding with the rift to drift transition. The unconformity, as defined by Falvey, (1974) is of broad regional extent affecting both basins and highs and is easily recognised on seismic sections. Criteria for the recognition of the breakup unconformity include an inflection in the subsidence curve, fault terminations and volcanic strata (and/or evaporites) at the level of the unconformity. Falvey considered that it was caused by "erosion during the final uplift pulse associated with pre-breakup upwelling in the mantle". It is more likely that the uplift is caused by magmatic underplating in response to the passive upwelling of the mantle and the flexural isostatic effects of erosion throughout the syn-rift phase. The primary objective has been to quantify the amount of uplift and erosion associated with the breakup unconformity / breakup megasequence boundary. This is of particular importance in hydrocarbon exploration as it quantifies the potential loss of old reservoirs and predicts the provenance of new reservoir clastics. Two data sets, from the Grand Banks and the Northwest Shelf of Australia, have been studied. In both cases there are multiple breakup events and breakup megasequence boundaries form part of a complex tectono-stratigraphy. Regional seismic lines have been interpreted, depth converted and modelled using a new technique of combined reverse post-rift and forward syn-rift modelling. The results of this process, together with seismic megasequence analysis, show that the morphology of the breakup megasequence boundary varies systematically across a passive margin. It is strongly erosional at about 70 km landward of the continentocean boundary, where regional "breakup" uplift outweighs extensionally controlled subsidence, but may be depositional on either side of this zone. A coupled, quantitative magmatic-tectonic model has been constructed by combining the Bickle-McKenzie melt generation model with the flexural cantilever model for continental extension. The magnitude of underplating can be estimated using the Bickle-McKenzie model, in which the amount of melt produced is controlled by the extension factor, ß, and the proximity of a mantle plume convection cell.
Probabilistic Reinforcement Learning: Using Data to Define Desired Outcomes and Inferring How to Get There
Creators: name: Eysenbach, Benjamin
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2023
Subjects: Adaptive Agents and Intelligent Robotics

description: This thesis studies algorithms for teaching autonomous agents to complete tasks through trial and error learning. Typically, this problem is posed as a reinforcement learning (RL) problem, wherein agents attempt to maximize a user-provided reward function. The algorithms studied here take a different approach, largely eschewing the reward function and instead learning to achieve desired outcomes directly from data. This approach allows users to employ algorithmic tools from the supervised and unsupervised learning, while also surfacing an interface that allows non-expert users to teach agents new tasks....
A V-shape superconducting artificial atom based on two inductively coupled transmons
Creators: name: Dumur, É.
name: Küng, B.
name: Feofanov, A. K.
name: Weissl, T.
name: Roch, N.
name: Naud, C.
name: Guichard, W.
name: Buisson, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Circuit quantum electrodynamics systems are typically built from resonators and two-level artificial atoms, but the use of multi-level artificial atoms instead can enable promising applications in quantum technology. Here we present an implementation of a Josephson junction circuit dedicated to operate as a V-shape artificial atom. Based on a concept of two internal degrees of freedom, the device consists of two transmon qubits coupled by an inductance. The Josephson nonlinearity introduces a strong diagonal coupling between the two degrees of freedom that finds applications in quantum non-demolition readout schemes, and in the realization of microwave cross-Kerr media based on superconducting circuits.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
дополнительные материалы к статье «Применение молекулярных маркеров для комплексного улучшения агролесобиоценозов в целях развития устойчивого земледелия»
Creators: name: Беляев, Александр Иванович
name: Зайцев, Валерий Геннадьевич
name: Иващенко, Регина Юрьевна
name: Попова, Анна Сергеевна
name: Агапова, Дарья Александровна
name: Старухина, Анна Олеговна
name: Желтова, Анастасия Александровна
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: sustainable agriculture
agroforestry
molecular markers
marker-associated selection
food crops
biological active substances

description: Дополнительные материалы к статье «Применение молекулярных маркеров для комплексного улучшения агролесобиоценозов в целях развития устойчивого земледелия» Содержат дополнительный список статей, использованных для анализа в данной работе и содержащих подробную информацию о молекулярных (DNA-based) маркерах, которые ассоциированы с повышенной продукцией полезных для здоровья человека метаболитов у пищевых сельскохозяйственных культур.
Detecting bifurcations in dynamical systems with CROCKER plots
Creators: name: Güzel, İsmail
name: Munch, Elizabeth
name: Khasawneh, Firas A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 55N31, 62R40, 37M20

description: Existing tools for bifurcation detection from signals of dynamical systems typically are either limited to a special class of systems, or they require carefully chosen input parameters, and significant expertise to interpret the results. Therefore, we describe an alternative method based on persistent homology -- a tool from Topological Data Analysis (TDA) -- that utilizes Betti numbers and CROCKER plots. Betti numbers are topological invariants of topological spaces, while the CROCKER plot is a coarsened but easy to visualize data representation of a one-parameter varying family of persistence barcodes. The specific bifurcations we investigate are transitions from periodic to chaotic behavior or vice versa in a one-parameter family of differential equations. We validate our methods using numerical experiments on ten dynamical systems and contrast the results with existing tools that use the maximum Lyapunov exponent. We further prove the relationship between the Wasserstein distance to the empty diagram and the norm of the Betti vector, which shows that an even more simplified version of the information has the potential to provide insight into the bifurcation parameter. The results show that our approach reveals more information about the shape of the periodic attractor than standard tools, and it has more favorable computational time in comparison to the Rosenstein algorithm for computing the Lyapunov exponent from time series.
MOESM1 of Hygiene protocols for the treatment of denture-related stomatitis: local and systemic parameters analysis - a randomized, double-blind trial protocol
Creators: name: Ribeiro, Adriana
name: Araújo, Camila
name: Luiz Silva
name: Fazan-Junior, Rubens
name: Salgado, Helio
name: Ribeiro, Aline
name: Fortes, Caroline
name: Bueno, Frank
name: Oliveira, Viviane C.
name: Paranhos, Helena F. O.
name: Watanabe, Evandro
name: Silva-Lovato, Cláudia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. The Standard Protocol Items: Recommendation for Interventional Trials (SPIRIT) checklist for this trial.
"Man hat nicht genügend Glauben an den Geist, der die Kirche leitet"
Creators: name: Pellegrino, Michele
Publisher: name: Herder Korrespondenz
Year: 1970

description: Herder Korrespondenz, Bd. 35 Nr. 7 (1981): Herder Korrespondenz, Band 35, Heft 7
Deliverable-D-JRPFBZ-DISCOVER-1-WP4.4 AMR source attribution results by region/country for each applied method
Creators: name: Mughini-Gras, Lapo
name: Hald, Tine
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: DISCOVER
Source attribution
Modelling
AMR
ESBL

description: OHEJP Project: DISCOVER
Only accessible information is useful: insights from gradient-mediated patterning
Creators: name: Tikhonov, Mikhail
name: Little, Shawn C.
name: Gregor, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Information theory is gaining popularity as a tool to characterize performance of biological systems. However, information is commonly quantified without reference to whether or how a system could extract and use it; as a result, information-theoretic quantities are easily misinterpreted. Here we take the example of pattern-forming developmental systems which are commonly structured as cascades of sequential gene expression steps. Such a multi-tiered structure appears to constitute sub-optimal use of the positional information provided by the input morphogen because noise is added at each tier. However, the conventional theory fails to distinguish between the total information in a morphogen and information that can be usefully extracted and interpreted by downstream elements. We demonstrate that quantifying the information that is _accessible_ to the system naturally explains the prevalence of multi-tiered network architectures as a consequence of the noise inherent to the control of gene expression. We support our argument with empirical observations from patterning along the major body axis of the fruit fly embryo. Our results exhibit the limitations of the standard information-theoretic characterization of biological signaling and illustrate how they can be resolved.
description: Updated and refocused; 9 pages, 4 figures + supplement
Constraining a modified gravity theory in strong gravitational lensing and black hole shadow observations
Creators: name: Kuang, Xiao-Mei
name: Tang, Zi-Yu
name: Wang, Bin
name: Wang, Anzhong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the strong gravitational lensing effect around rotating black holes in different gravity theories. By calculating the deflection angle of strong gravitational lensing, we evaluate the lensing observables including the image position, separation, magnification and the time delays between the relativistic images of different rotating black holes. We argue that the differences in image positions, separations between the rotating black hole in modified gravity (MOG) theory and the Kerr black hole in general relativity (GR) are more significant in SgrA* than those in M87*, however the differences in time delays between rotating black holes in MOG and GR are shorter in SgrA* than that in M87*. Our evaluations on lensing observables in the strong gravity regime can help to distinguish the MOG from GR. Furthermore, we investigate the shadow observables of different rotating black holes. Employing the EHT observations on the angular shadow radius for supermassive M87* and SgrA* black holes respectively, we estimate the ranges of MOG parameter and obtain its upper limit constraint $0.350\lesssimα_{\rm up}\lesssim 0.485$ and $0.162 \lesssim α_{\rm up} \lesssim 0.285$ correspondingly, relating to black hole spins. This is the first constraint on the MOG parameter for rotating supermassive black holes from EHT observations on the angular shadow radius. Our constraint on the MOG parameter is much tighter compared with the result obtained from the orbital precession of the S2 star.
description: 17 pages; published version
Coordination in State-Dependent Distributed Networks: The Two-Agent Case
Creators: name: Larrousse, Benjamin
name: Lasaulce, Samson
name: Wigger, Michèle
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper addresses a coordination problem between two agents (Agents $1$ and $2$) in the presence of a noisy communication channel which depends on an external system state $\{x_{0,t}\}$. The channel takes as inputs both agents' actions, $\{x_{1,t}\}$ and $\{x_{2,t}\}$ and produces outputs that are observed strictly causally at Agent $2$ but not at Agent $1$. The system state is available either causally or non-causally at Agent $1$ but unknown at Agent $2$. Necessary and sufficient conditions on a joint distribution $\bar{Q}(x_0,x_1,x_2)$ to be implementable asymptotically (i.e, when the number of taken actions grows large) are provided for both causal and non-causal state information at Agent $1$. Since the coordination degree between the agents' actions, $x_{1,t}$ and $x_{2,t}$, and the system state $x_{0,t}$ is measured in terms of an average payoff function, feasible payoffs are fully characterized by implementable joint distributions. In this sense, our results allow us to derive the performance of optimal power control policies on an interference channel and to assess the gain provided by non-causal knowledge of the system state at Agent $1$. The derived proofs readily yield new results also for the problem of state-amplification under a causality constraint at the decoder.
description: Published in 2015 IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory
Perturbative search for dead-end CFTs
Creators: name: Nakayama, Yu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To explore the possibility of self-organized criticality, we look for CFTs without any relevant scalar deformations (a.k.a dead-end CFTs) within power-counting renormalizable quantum field theories with a weakly coupled Lagrangian description. In three dimensions, the only candidates are pure (Abelian) gauge theories, which may be further deformed by Chern-Simons terms. In four dimensions, we show that there are infinitely many non-trivial candidates based on chiral gauge theories. Using the three-loop beta functions, we compute the gap of scaling dimensions above the marginal value, and it can be as small as $\mathcal{O}(10^{-5})$ and robust against the perturbative corrections. These classes of candidates are very weakly coupled and our perturbative conclusion seems difficult to refute. Thus, the hypothesis that non-trivial dead-end CFTs do not exist is likely to be false in four dimensions.
description: 23 pages, v2: published version with improvements
Entanglement entropies of an interval in the free Schrödinger field theory on the half line
Creators: name: Mintchev, Mihail
name: Pontello, Diego
name: Tonni, Erik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the entanglement entropies of an interval adjacent to the boundary of the half line for the free fermionic spinless Schrödinger field theory at finite density and zero temperature, with either Neumann or Dirichlet boundary conditions. They are finite functions of the dimensionless parameter given by the product of the Fermi momentum and the length of the interval. The entanglement entropy displays an oscillatory behaviour, differently from the case of the interval on the whole line. This behaviour is related to the Friedel oscillations of the mean particle density on the half line at the entangling point. We find analytic expressions for the expansions of the entanglement entropies in the regimes of small and large values of the dimensionless parameter. They display a remarkable agreement with the curves obtained numerically. The analysis is extended to a family of free fermionic Lifshitz models labelled by their integer Lifshitz exponent, whose parity determines the properties of the entanglement entropies. The cumulants of the local charge operator and the Schatten norms of the underlying kernels are also explored.
description: 54 pages, 11 figures
D2.1 The SENTINEL privacy & data protection suite for SMEs/MEs: MVP
Creators: name: Dimou, Christos
name: Kalogeraki, Eleni-Maria
name: Valoggia, Philippe
name: Tsirantonakis, Giorgos
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: privacy
gdpr
compliance
smes
dataprotection
data
technologies
euprojects
sentinelh2020
deliverables

description: This deliverable accompanies the Minimum Viable Product (MVP) demonstrator for the SENTINEL privacy and personal data protection technologies. This deliverable has been developed within the scope of ‘WP2 – The SENTINEL privacy and personal data protection technologies’, under Grant Agreement No. 101021659.
Emergent gravity and chiral anomaly in Dirac semimetals in the presence of dislocations
Creators: name: Zubkov, M. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the recently discovered Dirac semimetals with two Dirac points $\pm{\bf K}$. In the presence of elastic deformations each fermion propagates in a curved space, whose metric is defined by the expansion of the effective Hamiltonian near the Dirac point. Besides, there is the emergent electromagnetic field that is defined by the shift of the Dirac point. We consider the case, when the deformations are caused by the dislocations. The dislocation carries singular torsion and the quantized flux of emergent magnetic field. Both torsion singularity and emergent magnetic flux may be observed in the scattering of quasiparticles on the dislocation due to Stodolsky and Aharonov - Bohm effects. We discuss quantum anomalies in the quasiparticle currents in the presence of emergent gauge and gravitational fields and the external electromagnetic field. In particular, it is demonstrated, that in the presence of external electric field the quasiparticles/holes are pumped from vacuum along the dislocation. The appeared chiral imbalance along the dislocation drives the analogue of chiral magnetic effect, that is the appearance of electric current along the dislocation.
description: Latex, 25 pages
Fluctuation-driven thermal transport in graphene double-layers at charge neutrality
Creators: name: Levchenko, Alex
name: Li, Songci
name: Andreev, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a theory of fluctuation-driven phenomena in thermal transport in graphene double-layers. We work in the regime of electron hydrodynamics and focus on the double charge neutrality point. Although at the neutrality point charge transport is decoupled from the hydrodynamic flow, thermal fluctuations of electron density cause both drag and heat transfer between the layers. The thermal transport in the bilayer system is governed by these two phenomena. We express the drag friction coefficient and the interlayer thermal conductivity in terms of the interlayer distance and the intrinsic conductivity of the electron liquid. We then obtain the thermal conductance matrix and determine the spatial dependence of the hydrodynamic velocity and temperature in the system. For shorter system the thermal drag resistance is determined by drag. In longer systems the situation of perfect thermal drag is realized, in which the hydrodynamic velocities in both layers become equal in the interior of the systems. Estimates are given for the monolayer and bilayer graphene devices. The predictions of our theory can be tested by the high-resolution thermal imaging and Johnson-Nyquist nonlocal noise thermometry.
description: 12 pages, 2 figures
Charge transport in gapless chiral electron systems with arbitrary band dispersion
Creators: name: Sarma, S. Das
name: Hwang, E. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the semiclassical Boltzmann transport theory, we analytically consider dc charge transport in gapless electron-hole (both chiral and non-chiral) systems in the presence of resistive scattering due to static disorder arising from random quenched impurities in the background. We obtain the dependence of the Boltzmann conductivity on carrier density and temperature for arbitrary band dispersion in arbitrary dimensionality assuming long-range ($\sim 1/r$) Coulomb disorder and zero-range white noise disorder [$\sim δ(r)$]. We establish that the temperature and the density dependence of the Boltzmann conductivity manifests scaling behaviors determining respectively the intrinsic semimetallic or the extrinsic metallic property of the gapless system. Our results apply equally well to both chiral and non-chiral gapless systems, and provide a qualitative understanding of the dependence of the Boltzmann conductivity on the band dispersion in arbitrary dimensionality.
description: 10 pages, 1 figure
Invariant Classification and Limits of Maximally Superintegrable Systems in 3D
Creators: name: Capel, Joshua J.
name: Kress, Jonathan M.
name: Post, Sarah
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The invariant classification of superintegrable systems is reviewed and utilized to construct singular limits between the systems. It is shown, by construction, that all superintegrable systems on conformally flat, 3D complex Riemannian manifolds can be obtained from singular limits of a generic system on the sphere. By using the invariant classification, the limits are geometrically motivated in terms of transformations of roots of the classifying polynomials.
title: Out of Sight, Out of Mind: The Value of Political Connections in Social Networks (LIEPP Working Paper, n°14)
Creators: name: Do, Quoc-Anh
name: Lee, Yen-Teik
name: Nguyen, Bang Dang
name: Nguyen, Kieu-Trang
Publisher: name: Sciences Po - LIEPP
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: FOS: Social sciences
valueUri: http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf

description: Using networks of university classmates among corporate directors and U.S. congressmen and the regression discontinuity design of close elections from 2000 to 2008, we identify a significant but widely varying impact of political connections on firm value. Surrounding the election day, connections to powerful senators increase firm value by 8.59%, while connections to elected congressmen decrease firm value by 2.65% on average. Political connections are especially valuable at the state level, in highly regulated and corrupted states, and in small and financially dependent firms. Following elections, firms connected to the winner decrease state activities; meanwhile, their directors tend to serve shorter tenure.
Emergence of Rashba splitting and spin-valley properties in Janus MoGeSiP2As2 and WGeSiP2As2 monolayers
Creators: name: Hussaina, Ghulam
name: Samad, Abdus
name: Rehmanc, Majeed Ur
name: Cuono, Giuseppe
name: Autieri, Carmine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: First-principles calculations are performed to study the structural stability and spintronics properties of Janus MoGeSiP2As2 and WGeSiP2As2 monolayers. The high cohesive energies and the stable phonon modes confirm that both these structures are experimentally accessible. In contrast to pristine MoSi2P4, the Janus monolayers demonstrate reduced direct bandgaps and large spin-split states at K/-K. In addition, their spin textures exposed that breaking the mirror symmetry brings Rashba-type spin splitting in the systems which can be increased by using higher atomic spin-orbit coupling. The large valley spin splitting together with the Rashba splitting in these Janus monolayer structures can make a remarkable contribution to semiconductor valleytronics and spintronics.
title: Impulse breakdown of a point-plane gap in SF6 and SF6/N2 mixtures.
Creators: name: Rodrigo, H.
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2023

description: A dual photomultiplier system and a field probe has been used to study the optoelectrical phenomena is commercially pure SF6 and mixtures posºtºve of SF6 with oxygen free N2, underAimpulse voltages in a point plane gap. The luminous extension of the predischarge, the electric field at the cathode, and where possible the velocity of discharge propagation has been measured. An extrapolation technique has been used to estimate the critical pressure, and the results have been compared with those of other recently published work. An attempt has been made to establish the different regimes of operation with regard to leader formation both prior to and after streamers cross the gap. This has been done with particular emphasis on the d/r ratio and the field variation with increment in voltage. The cloud model has been shown to be inoperative under impulse voltage conditions such as in this thesis. Comparisons have been made of critical pressure determined under d. c. conditions with any available results obtained using impulse voltages. An attempt has been made to explain the large discrepancy particularly in SF6 between the calculated and experimentally determined values of Vi , the corona initiation voltage. The internal electric field and the electrostatic radius, -of the, discharge channel has been estimated. The analysis of the experimental results has been carried out for the stem and leader stages of the discharge development using an electrostatic model, prior to the streamers crossing the, gap and reaching the cathode, By comparing the , results with those of other authors, it has been shown that : the results of the leader internal electric field are in reasonable agreement with the work of others
Radio Nebulæ from Hyper-Accreting X-ray Binaries as Common Envelope Precursors and Persistent Counterparts of Fast Radio Bursts
Creators: name: Sridhar, Navin
name: Metzger, Brian D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Roche lobe overflow from a donor star onto a black hole or neutron star binary companion can evolve to a phase of unstable runaway mass-transfer, lasting as short as hundreds of orbits ($\lesssim 10^{2}$ yr for a giant donor), and eventually culminating in a common envelope event. The highly super-Eddington accretion rates achieved during this brief phase ($\dot{M} \gtrsim 10^{5}\dot{M}_{\rm Edd})$ are accompanied by intense mass-loss in disk winds, analogous but even more extreme than ultra-luminous X-ray (ULX) sources in the nearby universe. Also in analogy with observed ULX, this expanding outflow will inflate an energetic `bubble' of plasma into the circumbinary medium. Embedded within this bubble is a nebula of relativistic electrons heated at the termination shock of the faster $v \gtrsim 0.1 c$ wind/jet from the inner accretion flow. We present a time-dependent, one-zone model for the synchrotron radio emission and other observable properties of such ULX `hyper-nebulae'. If ULX jets are sources of repeating fast radio bursts (FRB), as recently proposed, such hyper-nebulae could generate persistent radio emission and contribute large and time-variable rotation measure to the bursts, consistent with those seen from FRB 20121102 and FRB 190520B. ULX hyper-nebulae can be discovered independent of an FRB association in radio surveys such as VLASS, as off-nuclear point-sources whose fluxes can evolve significantly on timescales as short as years, possibly presaging energetic transients from common envelope mergers.
description: 27 pages, 9 figures, 1 table; accepted for publication in ApJ
MOESM2 of Hygiene protocols for the treatment of denture-related stomatitis: local and systemic parameters analysis - a randomized, double-blind trial protocol
Creators: name: Ribeiro, Adriana
name: Araújo, Camila
name: Luiz Silva
name: Fazan-Junior, Rubens
name: Salgado, Helio
name: Ribeiro, Aline
name: Fortes, Caroline
name: Bueno, Frank
name: Oliveira, Viviane C.
name: Paranhos, Helena F. O.
name: Watanabe, Evandro
name: Silva-Lovato, Cláudia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Pharmacology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2. Model consent form.
Nematic state of the FeSe superconductor
Creators: name: Rößler, Sahana
name: Coduri, Mauro
name: Tsirlin, Alexander A.
name: Ritter, Clemens
name: Cuello, Gabriel
name: Koz, Cevriye
name: Muzica, Liudmila
name: Schwarz, Ulrich
name: Rößler, Ulrich K.
name: Wirth, Steffen
name: Scavini, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the crystal structure of the tetragonal iron selenide FeSe and its nematic phase transition to the low-temperature orthorhombic structure using synchrotron x-ray and neutron scattering analyzed in both real and reciprocal space. We show that in the local structure the orthorhombic distortion associated with the electronically driven nematic order is more pronounced at short length scales. It also survives up to temperatures above 90 K where reciprocal-space analysis suggests tetragonal symmetry. Additionally, the real-space pair distribution function analysis of the synchrotron x-ray diffraction data reveals a tiny broadening of the peaks corresponding to the nearest Fe-Fe, nearest Fe-Se, and the next-nearest Fe-Se bond distances as well as the tetrahedral torsion angles at a short length scale of 20 angström. This broadening appears below 20 K and is attributed to a pseudogap. However, we did not observe any further reduction in local symmetry below orthorhombic down to 3 K. Our results suggest that the superconducting gap anisotropy in FeSe is not associated with any symmetry-lowering short-range structural correlations.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures
title: Wohnformen für alte Menschen mit geistiger Behinderung
Creators: name: Volz, Tim
Publisher: name: FH Münster - University of Applied Sciences
Year: 2018

description: Die Rechte und Bedürfnisse von Menschen mit Behinderungen sind in den vergangenen Jahren zunehmend in das Bewusstsein der Menschen gerückt. Im Zuge der UN-Behindertenrechtskonvention sichern 176 Staaten, darunter die Bundesrepublik Deutschland, den Behinderten die volle und wirksame Teilhabe an der Gesellschaft zu. Neben der Bildung ist insbesondere der Lebensbereich Wohnen, der mit den Lebensbereichen Arbeit und Freizeit korreliert, von höchster Relevanz. Derzeit fehlen jedoch flächendeckende Angebote und Alternativen zu Vollzeitwohnheimen, um Behinderten eine selbstbestimmte Wahl des Wohnortes und der Wohnform zu ermöglichen. Mit der demographisch bedingt höher werdenden Anzahl alter Menschen mit Behinderungen gehen besondere Anforderungen an das Wohnen einher. In der Bachelorarbeit werden zunächst die Versorgungsaspekte Wohnen und Betreuung, Kommunikation, Arbeit und Finanzen für alte Menschen mit geistiger Behinderung dargestellt. Im Folgenden werden unterschiedliche Wohnformen für alte Menschen mit geistiger Behinderung mit dem Fokus auf das nicht-familiäre Umfeld vorgestellt, vor dem Hintergrund verschiedener Bedarfe sowie Bedürfnisse diskutiert und mögliche Perspektiven für die weitere Entwicklung im Hinblick auf Wohnformen in Deutschland aufgezeigt.
On Küchle manifolds with Picard number greater than 1
Creators: name: Kuznetsov, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We describe the geometry of Küchle varieties (i.e. Fano 4-folds of index 1 contained in the Grassmannians as zero loci of equivariant vector bundles) with Picard number greater than 1 and the structure of their derived categories.
description: 10 pages, a reference added
Near-optimal control of dynamical systems with neural ordinary differential equations
Creators: name: Böttcher, Lucas
name: Asikis, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Optimal control problems naturally arise in many scientific applications where one wishes to steer a dynamical system from a certain initial state $\mathbf{x}_0$ to a desired target state $\mathbf{x}^*$ in finite time $T$. Recent advances in deep learning and neural network-based optimization have contributed to the development of methods that can help solve control problems involving high-dimensional dynamical systems. In particular, the framework of neural ordinary differential equations (neural ODEs) provides an efficient means to iteratively approximate continuous time control functions associated with analytically intractable and computationally demanding control tasks. Although neural ODE controllers have shown great potential in solving complex control problems, the understanding of the effects of hyperparameters such as network structure and optimizers on learning performance is still very limited. Our work aims at addressing some of these knowledge gaps to conduct efficient hyperparameter optimization. To this end, we first analyze how truncated and non-truncated backpropagation through time affect runtime performance and the ability of neural networks to learn optimal control functions. Using analytical and numerical methods, we then study the role of parameter initializations, optimizers, and neural-network architecture. Finally, we connect our results to the ability of neural ODE controllers to implicitly regularize control energy.
description: 27 pages, 17 figures
Observations of the Icy Universe
Creators: name: Boogert, Adwin
name: Gerakines, Perry
name: Whittet, Douglas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Freeze-out of the gas phase elements onto cold grains in dense interstellar and circumstellar media builds up ice mantles consisting of molecules that are mostly formed in situ (H2O, NH3, CO2, CO, CH3OH, and more). This review summarizes the detected infrared spectroscopic ice features and compares the abundances across Galactic, extragalactic, and solar system environments. A tremendous amount of information is contained in the ice band profiles. Laboratory experiments play a critical role in the analysis of the observations. Strong evidence is found for distinct ice formation stages, separated by CO freeze out at high densities. The ice bands have proven to be excellent probes of the thermal history of their environment. The evidence for the long-held idea that processing of ices by energetic photons and cosmic rays produces complex molecules is weak. Recent state of the art observations show promise for much progress in this area with planned infrared facilities.
description: To appear in Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics, volume 53, 2015. Updated 08/May/2015: corrected numbers in elemental budget section, updated references and typos
Supplementary Information from Integrated phylogenomic and fossil evidence of stick and leaf insects (Phasmatodea) reveal a Permian–Triassic co-origination with insectivores
Creators: name: Tihelka, Erik
name: Cai, Chenyang
name: Giacomelli, Mattia
name: Pisani, Davide
name: Donoghue, Philip C. J.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 40308 Palaeontology (incl. Palynology)
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 60408 Genomics

description: Phylogenetic and age justification of fossil calibrations, molecular clock analysis results
$B$-meson decay into a proton and dark antibaryon from QCD light-cone sum rules
Creators: name: Khodjamirian, Alexander
name: Wald, Marcel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recently developed $B$-Mesogenesis scenario predicts decays of $B$ mesons into a baryon and hypothetical dark antibaryon $Ψ$. We suggest a method to calculate the amplitude of the simplest exclusive decay mode $B^+\to p Ψ$. Considering two models of $B$-Mesogenesis, we obtain the $B\to p$ hadronic matrix elements by applying QCD light-cone sum rules with the proton light-cone distribution amplitudes. We estimate the $B^+\to p Ψ$ decay width as a function of the mass and effective coupling of the dark antibaryon.
description: Several comments added. Version to be published in Phys.Lett. B
Towards Quantized Number Theory: Spectral Operators and an Asymmetric Criterion for the Riemann Hypothesis
Creators: name: Lapidus, Michel L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 11M26, 28A75, 28A80, 81S99, 82B26 (Primary), 46F99, 47A10, 47A60, 81T99, 82B27 (Secondary)

description: This research expository article contains a survey of earlier work (in \S2--\S4) but also contains a main new result (in \S5), which we first describe. Given $c \geq 0$, the spectral operator $\mathfrak{a} = \mathfrak{a}_c$ can be thought of intuitively as the operator which sends the geometry onto the spectrum of a fractal string of dimension not exceeding $c$. Rigorously, it turns out to coincide with a suitable quantization of the Riemann zeta function $ζ= ζ(s)$: $\mathfrak{a} = ζ(\partial)$, where $\partial = \partial_c$ is the infinitesimal shift of the real line acting on the weighted Hilbert space $L^2 (\mathbb{R}, e^{-2ct} dt)$. In this paper, we establish a new asymmetric criterion for the Riemann hypothesis, expressed in terms of the invertibility of the spectral operator for all values of the dimension parameter $c \in (0, 1/2)$ (i.e., for all $c$ in the left half of the critical interval $(0,1)$). This corresponds (conditionally) to a mathematical (and perhaps also, physical) "phase transition" occurring in the midfractal case when $c= 1/2$. Both the universality and the non-universality of $ζ= ζ(s)$ in the right (resp., left) critical strip $\{1/2 < \text{Re}(s) < 1 \}$ (resp., $\{0 < \text{Re}(s) < 1/2 \}$) play a key role in this context. These new results are presented in \S5. In \S2, we briefly discuss earlier joint work on the complex dimensions of fractal strings, while in \S3 and \S4, we survey earlier related work of the author with H. Maier and with H. Herichi, respectively, in which were established symmetric criteria for the Riemann hypothesis, expressed respectively in terms of a family of natural inverse spectral problems for fractal strings of Minkowski dimension $D \in (0,1),$ with $D \neq 1/2$, and of the quasi-invertibility of the family of spectral operators $\mathfrak{a}_c$ (with $c \in (0,1), c \neq 1/2$).
description: 26 pages. To appear in the special issue of the "Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society", Ser. A., titled "Geometric Concepts in the Foundations of Physics", 2015