cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
M2.10 Report on basic framework on FAIRness of services
Creators: name: Koers, Hylke
name: Herterich, Patricia
name: Hooft, Rob
name: Gruenpeter, Morane
name: Aalto, Tero
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: FAIR
Research Data Management
Data services
Service management

description: We propose a first version of an assessment framework for the FAIRness of services, together with a process to refine this model including community consultation with a view to finalizing it in August 2021. Aimed at a target audience of data service owners, the model contains concrete recommendations to improve technical aspects of services (FAIR enablement, Quality of service, Openness & Connectivity) as well as more social aspects of services (User centricity, Trustworthiness and Ethical & Legal aspects). Input was gathered from interviews with service owners, a virtual workshop held at the EOSC-hub conference earlier this year and from the recent literature on FAIR services and interoperability. The bibliography includes a series of references that have been mined for input on the suggestions in our model, and the input documents are summarized in an Annex. Feedback and suggestions for improvement will be most welcome as comments on the public Google Docs version of this report: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1wPesjAIeaOwfAT80ykK6xVvk4tVD0CDkfAEAa1VOGCA/
A Quantitative Test of Population Genetics Using Spatio-Genetic Patterns in Bacterial Colonies
Creators: name: Korolev, Kirill S.
name: Xavier, Joao B.
name: Nelson, David R.
name: Foster, Kevin R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is widely accepted that population genetics theory is the cornerstone of evolutionary analyses. Empirical tests of the theory, however, are challenging because of the complex relationships between space, dispersal, and evolution. Critically, we lack quantitative validation of the spatial models of population genetics. Here we combine analytics, on and off-lattice simulations, and experiments with bacteria to perform quantitative tests of the theory. We study two bacterial species, the gut microbe Escherichia coli and the opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and show that spatio-genetic patterns in colony biofilms of both species are accurately described by an extension of the one-dimensional stepping-stone model. We use one empirical measure, genetic diversity at the colony periphery, to parameterize our models and show that we can then accurately predict another key variable: the degree of short-range cell migration along an edge. Moreover, the model allows us to estimate other key parameters including effective population size (density) at the expansion frontier. While our experimental system is a simplification of natural microbial community, we argue it is a proof of principle that the spatial models of population genetics can quantitatively capture organismal evolution.
Bio-inspired Design and Information Visualization
Creators: name: Eggermont, Marjan José
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Bio-inspired design
subject: Information Visualization
subject: Data Physicalization
subject: Design and Decorative Arts
subject: Information Science

description: Bio-inspired design in recent years has been used successfully as a methodology in disciplines such as engineering, architecture, product design, and business. While still in an infant stage in terms of adoption in universities, those who have embraced the methodology have experienced promising design outcomes, enthusiasm from students, and an enrichment in research and teaching. One of the issues is that while bio-inspired design has been around for a very long time semantic disconnect between disciplines keeps the methodology undefined and at times, unrecognized. In this dissertation, I explore the potential of bio-inspired design for information visualization and seek to help fulfill information visualization’s goal of ‘amplifying cognition’ using design inspired by nature. I will directly investigate the different kinds of ways bio-inspired design might be useful. Of interest is where along the information visualization pipeline bio-inspiration is considered and in what capacity: is it used as metaphor, analogy, concept, form, function, process, system, or other? There are examples of bio-inspired algorithms in information visualization but are there direct inspirations from nature that could also be useful? How does the bio-inspired design community think about its field? How do they define it? Where do they think biomimics should focus their efforts? How do students work with this methodology? How do instructors best introduce the material in the context of information visualization? What was my own experience trying to implement this approach to my own data set? I present three approaches to explore this potential. I investigate the state of the art in both computational media design and bio-inspired design through a journalistic and design-oriented approach to create an active survey of these fields. I summerize ideas and opinions from a large set of interviews and design tools providing insights into the world of bio-inspiration. Experiential teaching is my second approach to investigate how students processed and worked with the idea of bio-inspiration for design and information visualization. This provided useful concepts for developing teaching and design approaches. Third was a research creation approach where I take a bio-inspired design lens to an online dataset in the hopes of creating a useful tool for the community. Challenges and observations gave new insights into bio-inspiration for information visualization. The dissertation ends with a reflection about the role of bio-inspired design for information visualization. The insights gained from the three approaches suggest further challenges for research and design.
Simple holographic duals to boundary CFTs
Creators: name: Chiodaroli, Marco
name: D'Hoker, Eric
name: Gutperle, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By relaxing the regularity conditions imposed in arXiv:1107.1722 on half-BPS solutions to six-dimensional Type~4b supergravity, we enlarge the space of solutions to include two new half-BPS configurations, which we refer to as the \kap\ and the \funnel. We give evidence that the \kap\ and \funnel\ can be interpreted as fully back-reacted brane solutions with respectively $AdS_2$ and $AdS_2\times S^2$ world volumes. \kap\ and \funnel\ solutions with a single asymptotic $AdS_3 \times S^3$ region are constructed analytically. We argue that \kap\ solutions provide simple examples of holographic duals to boundary CFTs in two dimensions and present calculations of their holographic boundary entropy to support the BCFT dual picture.
description: 37 pages, pdflatex, 5 figures
Additional file 1: of Higher PEEP improves outcomes in ARDS patients with clinically objective positive oxygenation response to PEEP: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Guo, Lanqi
name: Xie, Jianfeng
name: Huang, Yingzi
name: Pan, Chun
name: Yang, Yi
name: Qiu, Haibo
name: Liu, Ling
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: Space Science
Medicine
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Developmental Biology
Science Policy

description: Table S1. Description of Patients, Interventions, Comparators, and Outcomes (PICO) targeted by the systematic review. (DOCX 42 kb)
Resilience and self-talk in university students
Creators: name: Coulson, Ronaye
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 2006

description: Bibliography: p. 63-72
description: One of the conceptual developments in the field of resilience is the recognition that individuals have the potential to actually benefit and thrive from adversity. Hence, the concept of four levels of resilience has been suggested - succumbing, surviving, recovering, thriving. Numerous variables have been postulated to account for individual differences in level of resilience; one that has not received attention is self-talk. Resilient self-talk is introduced as a specific type of positive self-talk utilized during difficult times in our lives ( e.g., "Everything happens for a reason"). University students (N = 291) completed a questionnaire that assessed their (a) self-perceived level of personal resilience (the 4 levels); (b) frequency of engaging in resilient self-talk and its importance to them; ( c) variables related to use of resilient self-talk, including 25 characteristics of resilient individuals ( e.g., optimism, problem-solving ability); reasons for engaging in resilient self-talk (e.g., motivation, focus), experience of life difficulty; and (d) demographic information. The relationship between frequency of self-talk and perceived level of resilience is considerably stronger than for importance; e.g. frequency (but not importance) of self-talk distinguishes between levels of resilience. A number of variables were also related to the use of resilient self-talk, particularly reframing and social support ( characteristics of resilience), and motivation (a reason for using resilient self-talk).
Finding Density Functionals with Machine Learning
Creators: name: Snyder, John C.
name: Rupp, Matthias
name: Hansen, Katja
name: Müller, Klaus-Robert
name: Burke, Kieron
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Machine learning is used to approximate density functionals. For the model problem of the kinetic energy of non-interacting fermions in 1d, mean absolute errors below 1 kcal/mol on test densities similar to the training set are reached with fewer than 100 training densities. A predictor identifies if a test density is within the interpolation region. Via principal component analysis, a projected functional derivative finds highly accurate self-consistent densities. Challenges for application of our method to real electronic structure problems are discussed.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, 1 table. The Supplemental Material is included at the end of the manuscript (2 pages, 3 tables)
Exposure to Static and Extremely-Low Frequency Electromagnetic Fields and Cellular Free Radicals
Creators: name: Lai, Henry
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: This paper summarizes studies on changes in cellular free radical activities from exposure to static and extremely-low frequency (ELF) electromagnetic fields (EMF), particularly magnetic fields. Changes in free radical activities, including levels of cellular reactive oxygen (ROS)/nitrogen (RNS) species and endogenous antioxidant enzymes and compounds that maintain physiological free radical concentrations in cells, is one of the most consistent effects of EMF exposure. These changes have been reported to affect many physiological functions such as DNA damage; immune response; inflammatory response; cell proliferation and differentiation; wound healing; neural electrical activities; and behavior. An important consideration is the effects of EMF-induced changes in free radicals on cell proliferation and differentiation. These cellular processes could affect cancer development and proper growth and development in organisms. On the other hand, they could cause selective killing of cancer cells, for instance, via the generation of the highly cytotoxic hydroxyl free radical by the Fenton Reaction. This provides a possibility of using these electromagnetic fields as a non-invasive and low side-effect cancer therapy. Static- and ELF-EMF probably play important roles in the evolution of living organisms. They are cues used in many critical survival functions, such as foraging, migration, and reproduction. Living organisms can detect and respond immediately to low environmental levels of these fields. Free radical processes are involved in some of these mechanisms. At this time, there is no credible hypothesis or mechanism that can adequately explain all the observed effects of static- and ELF-EMF on free radical processes. We are actually at the impasse that there are more questions than answers.
Ca2Y2Cu5O10: the first frustrated quasi-1D ferromagnet close to criticality
Creators: name: Kuzian, R. O.
name: Nishimoto, S.
name: Drechsler, S. -L.
name: Malek, J.
name: Johnston, S.
name: Brink, J. van den
name: Schmitt, M.
name: Rosner, H.
name: Matsuda, M.
name: Oka, K.
name: Yamaguchi, H.
name: Ito, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ca2Y2Cu5O10 is build up from edge-shared CuO4 plaquettes forming spin chains. From inelastic neutron scattering data we extract an in-chain nearest neighbor exchange J1 approximately -170 K and the frustrating next neighbor J2 approximately 32 K interactions, both significantly larger than previous estimates. The ratio alpha= J2/J1 approximately 0.19 places the system very close to the critical point alpha_c=0.25 of the J1-J2 chain, but in the ferromagnetic regime. We establish that the vicinity to criticality only marginally affects the dispersion and coherence of the elementary spin-wave-like magnetic excitations, but instead results in a dramatic T-dependence of high-energy Zhang-Rice singlet excitation intensities.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures, + supplement with 6 pages and 7 figures, 2 typos corrected
Improvements in balance reaction impairments following reactive balance training in individuals with sub-acute stroke: A prospective cohort study with historical control
Creators: name: Schinkel-Ivy, Alison
name: Huntley, Andrew H.
name: Danells, Cynthia J.
name: Inness, Elizabeth L.
name: Mansfield, Avril
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Background: Reactive balance training (RBT) has been previously found to reduce fall risk in individuals with sub-acute stroke; however, our understanding of the effects of RBT on specific balance impairments is lacking. Objective: To quantify changes in common balance reaction impairments in individuals with sub-acute stroke resulting from RBT, relative to traditional balance training, using a prospective cohort study design with a historical control group. Methods: Individuals with sub-acute stroke completed either RBT or traditional balance training as part of their routine care during physiotherapy in inpatient rehabilitation. Reactive balance control was assessed using lean-and-release perturbations pre-intervention, post-intervention, and 6-months post-intervention (follow-up). Individuals with impaired balance reactions (delayed foot-off times, slide steps, and/or a preference for stepping with the preferred limb) at the pre-intervention assessment were identified using video and force plate data. Outcome measures (foot-off times, frequency of trials with slide steps, and stepping with the preferred limb) from the RBT participants with impaired reactions were compared for each of the three assessments to the mean values for the participants with impaired reactions in the historical control group. Results: Improvements were observed in all outcome measures for the RBT participants between pre-intervention and post-intervention, and/or between post-intervention and follow-up. These improvements were generally equivalent to, if not better than, the improvements demonstrated by the historical control group. Conclusions: Findings further support the use of RBT for post-stroke inpatient rehabilitation, and provide insight into specific balance reaction impairments that are improved by RBT.
Almost Universally Optimal Distributed Laplacian Solvers via Low-Congestion Shortcuts
Creators: name: Anagnostides, Ioannis
name: Lenzen, Christoph
name: Haeupler, Bernhard
name: Zuzic, Goran
name: Gouleakis, Themis
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2023

description: In this paper, we refine the (almost) existentially optimal distributed Laplacian solver recently developed by Forster, Goranci, Liu, Peng, Sun, and Ye (FOCS `21) into an (almost) universally optimal distributed Laplacian solver. Specifically, when the topology is known, we show that any Laplacian system on an n-node graph with shortcut quality SQ(G) can be solved within n^(o(1))SQ(G)log(1/ε) rounds, where ε is the required accuracy. This almost matches our lower bound which guarantees that any correct algorithm on G requires Ω˜(SQ(G)) rounds, even for a crude solution with ε≤1/2. Even in the unknown-topology case (i.e., standard CONGEST), the same bounds also hold in most networks of interest. Furthermore, conditional on conjectured improvements in state-of-the-art constructions of low-congestion shortcuts, the CONGEST results will match the known-topology ones. Moreover, following a recent line of work in distributed algorithms, we consider a hybrid communication model which enhances CONGEST with limited global power in the form of the node-capacitated clique (NCC) model. In this model, we show the existence of a Laplacian solver with round complexity n^(o(1))log(1/ε). The unifying thread of these results, and our main technical contribution, is the study of novel congested generalization of the standard part-wise aggregation problem. We develop near-optimal algorithms for this primitive in the Supported-CONGEST model, almost-optimal algorithms in (standard) CONGEST, as well as a very simple algorithm for bounded-treewidth graphs with slightly worse bounds. This primitive can be readily used to accelerate the FOCS`21 Laplacian solver. We believe this primitive will find further independent applications.
Normal generation of locally compact groups
Creators: name: Eisenmann, Amichai
name: Monod, Nicolas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: It is a well-known open problem since the 1970s whether a finitely generated perfect group can be normally generated by a single element or not. We prove that the topological version of this problem has an affirmative answer as long as we exclude infinite discrete quotients (which is probably a necessary restriction).
description: 4 pages (added an example)
Common Envelope Evolution Leading to Supernovae with Dense Interaction
Creators: name: Chevalier, Roger A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A variety of supernova events, including Type IIn supernovae and ultraluminous supernovae, appear to have lost up to solar masses of their envelopes in 10's to 100's of years leading up to the explosion. In order to explain the close timing of the mass loss and supernova events, we explore the possibility that the mass loss is driven by common envelope evolution of a compact object (neutron star or black hole) in the envelope of a massive star and the supernova is triggered by the inspiral of the compact object to the central core of the companion star. The expected rate of such events is smaller than the observed rate of Type IIn supernovae but the rates may agree within the uncertainties. The mass loss velocity is related to the escape velocity from the common envelope system and is comparable to the observed velocity of 100's of km s$^{-1}$ in Type IIn events. The mass loss is expected to be denser near the equatorial plane of the binary system and there is good evidence that the circumstellar media in Type IIn supernovae are asymmetric. Some of these supernova types show evidence for energies in excess of the canonical $10^{51}$ ergs, which might be the result of explosions from rapid accretion onto a compact object through a disk.
description: Small changes to agree with published version: ApJ Letters, 752, L2 (2012)
Guinea: Spearhead of Change or Eternal Maverick?
Creators: name: Knierzinger, Johannes
name: Engeler, Michelle
name: Ammann, Carole
Publisher: name: Stichproben - Wiener Zeitschrift für kritische Afrikastudien / Vienna Journal of African Studies
Year: 2016

description: Introduction to a specical Issue of Stichproben. Guinea: One Revolution at a Time. 30/2016
Validation of stroke-specific protocols for the 10-meter walk test and 6-minute walk test conducted using 15-meter and 30-meter walkways
Creators: name: Cheng, Darren K.
name: Nelson, Michelle
name: Brooks, Dina
name: Salbach, Nancy M.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Background: Stroke-specific protocols for the 10-meter and 6-minute walk tests that include instructions for people with aphasia, accessible walkway lengths, and allow provision of assistance to walk are needed to facilitate uptake in hospital settings. Objectives: To estimate the test-retest reliability, measurement error, and construct validity of stroke-specific protocols for the 10-meter walk test (10mWT), and 6-minute walk test conducted using a 15-meter walkway (6MWT15m) and 30-meter walkway (6MWT30m), in people post-stroke. Methods: A quantitative, cross-sectional study involving ambulatory people post-stroke was conducted. Results: Data were collected from 21 and 20 participants at baseline and retest, respectively, 1–3 days apart. Mean age was 61 years, median time post-stroke was 134 days, and 90% had experienced an ischemic stroke. Performance on the 10mWT, 6MWT15m, and 6MWT30m across sessions yielded intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC2, 1) estimates of test-retest reliability of 0.83, 0.97, 0.95, respectively, and minimal detectable change values at the 95% confidence level of 0.40m/s, 44.0m, and 67.5m, respectively. Pearson correlation coefficients were 0.80–0.95 (p p Conclusions: Findings showed excellent test-retest reliability; measurement error values similar to current literature; and support for construct validity of the 10mWT, 6MWT15m, and 6MWT30m. Due to the shorter walkway, the 6MWT15m may be more feasible to implement than the 6MWT30m in hospital settings. A larger sample with more severe deficits is required to improve generalizability.
Baryon Magnetic Moments in the 1/N_c Expansion with Flavor Symmetry Breaking
Creators: name: Jenkins, Elizabeth
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The magnetic moments and transition magnetic moments of the ground state baryons are analyzed in an expansion in 1/N_c, SU(3) flavor symmetry breaking and isospin symmetry breaking. There is clear evidence in the experimental data for the hierarchy of magnetic moments of the combined expansion in 1/N_c and flavor breaking. SU(3) breaking in the magnetic moments is expected to be enhanced relative to that of other hadronic observables, and significant SU(3) breaking is found.
description: 21 pages, 1 figure, CLAS reference updated
A hexagon-based method for polygon generalization using morphological operators
Creators: name: Wang, Lu
name: Ai, Tinghua
name: Burghardt, Dirk
name: Shen, Yilang
name: Yang, Min
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Numerous methods based on square rasters have been proposed for polygon generalization. However, these methods ignore the inconsistent distance measurement among neighborhoods of squares, which may result in an imbalanced generalization in different directions. As an alternative raster, a hexagon has consistent connectivity and isotropic neighborhoods. This study proposed a hexagon-based method for polygon generalization using morphological operators. First, we defined three generalization operators: aggregation, elimination, and line simplification, based on hexagonal morphological operations. We then used corrective operations with selection, skeleton, and exaggeration to detect, classify, and correct the unreasonably reduced narrow parts of the polygons. To assess the effectiveness of the proposed method, we conducted experiments comparing the hexagonal raster to square raster and vector data. Unlike vector-based methods in which various algorithms simplified either areal objects or exterior boundaries, the hexagon-based method performed both simplifications simultaneously. Compared to the square-based method, the results of the hexagon-based method were more balanced in all neighborhood directions, matched better with the original polygons, and had smoother simplified boundaries. Moreover, it performed with shorter running time than the square-based method, where the minimal time difference was less than 1 min, and the maximal time difference reached more than 50 mins.
Smooth Transition of Vehicles' Maximum Speed for Lane Detection based on Computer Vision
Creators: name: Reza, Ghaeini Hamid
name: Ole, Tippenhauer Nils
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2023

description: This paper presents a prototype electric scooter designed to detect the driving lane via computer vision and automatically set the vehicular configuration. The electric scooter can drive on the pedestrian, bicycle, or car lanes. The government enforces maximum speeds on each lane for the electric scooter. Our prototype scooter would apply those regulations securely, with the help of a computer vision component. However, the safety of such a system is still part of the concern and research is going on the security and safety aspects of such vehicular systems. The maximum speed changes while the driver is riding the vehicle at the fastest possible speed could cause a safety hazard. To prevent that, we proposed to use the logarithmic speed reduction or acceleration. The results show that such an algorithm will smooth the transition between the maximum of the vehicle.
Proton conductive ceramic materials for an intermediate temperature fuel cell
Creators: name: Jankovic, Jasna
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Development of intermediate temperature (200-500°C) fuel cells could possibly overcome many disadvantages of both the high temperature (600-1000°C) solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) and the low temperature (70-100°C) proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) in terms of materials durability, cost, application, and overall system structure. A change in materials, especially the proton conductive electrolyte, is required to achieve this. However, to date, no solid proton conductors have been developed that work satisfactorily in this temperature range. The goal of this thesis was to develop a ceramic proton-conducting material to be used as a dense electrolyte, as well as within the anode structure of an intermediate temperature fuel cell. Investigated ceramic materials were based on oxygen deficient ceramic oxides – undoped and Ce- and La-doped Ba₂In₂O₅, which were expected to show proton conductivity within the intermediate temperature range due to water and/or proton incorporation into their defect structure. Five different compositions of brownmillerite materials, Ba₂In₂-xyCexLayO₅+ x/₂ (x=0.25 and 0.5; y=0.25 and 0.5) were synthesized via the solid-state reaction and the glycine-nitrate process, characterized and electrochemically investigated in order to find a suitable proton-conductive electrolyte. The materials were characterized using X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), particle size analysis (PSA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), etc. The electrical conductivities of the ceramics were determined using ac impedance spectroscopy. Among the tested materials, undoped Ba₂In₂O₅ produced by the glycine-nitrate process was selected as the material with the highest total conductivity (between 0.02 S/cm and 0.7 S/cm) and stability in hydrogeniii containing atmospheres and at temperatures between 300°C and 480°C. High proton transport numbers (e.g., 0.84 at 300°C) and relatively high open circuit voltage values of the air, Pt Ba₂In₂O₅ Pt, 50%H₂/50%N₂ cell (e.g., 0.81 V at 300°C) confirmed the predominant proton conductivity of this material. Although highly proton conductive in a hydrogencontaining atmosphere, Ba₂In₂O₅ showed poor performance as an electrolyte in an intermediate temperature fuel cell due to the incorporation of oxygen on the cathode side with associated blocking of the proton conduction. Application of sintered porous Ba₂In₂O₅ in a cermet with a metal catalyst in the anode structure was shown to be beneficial.
Political Crisis and ECOWAS-Mediated Transition in Guinea
Creators: name: Camara, Mohamed Saliou
Publisher: name: Stichproben - Wiener Zeitschrift für kritische Afrikastudien / Vienna Journal of African Studies
Year: 2016

description: Between 2005 and 2010, a political crisis besieged the Republic of Guinea, nearly rendering the country ungovernable and posing serious security risks for the already instable West African region. The initial episodes of the crisis consisted of general strikes through which a coalition of trade unions and political parties forced ailing President Lansana Conté to sack his cabinet and appoint a national-consensus prime minister. The next episode began with Capt. Moussa Dadis Camara’s coup d’état following Gen. Conté’s death and culminated in the massacre of pro-democracy demonstrators by state security forces. This article explores the crisis and attempts to elucidate the contribution of ECOWAS and other major international stakeholders to the political transition that ensued.
The role of the endogenous cannabinoid system in the regulation of emesis
Creators: name: Van Sickle, Marja
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 2006

description: Bibliography: p. 157-186
description: Some pages are in colour.
description: Cannabinoids inhibit nausea and vomiting (emesis), but their mechanism is unknown. The aim of the following studies was to determine if cannabinoids are part of an endogenous cannabinoid system involved in inhibiting emesis in the brainstem. An anatomical substrate for the anti-emetic effect was demonstrated by the presence of the cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1r) in the nucleus of the solitary tract and the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus in the brainstem by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. CB1r was also found in the myenteric plexus of the stomach and duodenum. A role for the CB1r in the modulation of emesis was revealed by observing a reduction in the number of episodes of retching and vomiting in ferrets that had been administered an emetic stimulus and a CB1r agonist and showing that the action of cannabinoids was reversed by a selective CB1r antagonist. A low dose of the cannabinoid delta-9- tetrahydrocannabinol inhibited emesis when applied directly to the brainstem demonstrating a central site of action. Fos immunohistochemistry was used to show that cannabinoids reduce emesis-induced neuronal activation in the area postrema, nucleus of the solitary tract and dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus nerve. The presence of endocannabinoids was demonstrated by evaluating the anti-emetic potential of endocannabinoids and determining their levels in the brainstem during an emetic response. The enzymes that degrade endogenous cannabinoids were also found in the brainstem by immunohistochemistry. A relationship between endocannabinoids and other neurotransmitter systems involved in emesis was suggested by the comparison of the immunoreactivity of CB1 r with substance P, the NK1 receptor and serotonin. Another cannabinoid receptor, CB2r, was shown to be present and functional and involved in the anti­emetic effect of cannabinoids. The involvement of the endocannabinoid system in emesis and the establishment of the site of action in the dorsal vagal complex of the brainstem provides new avenues for further study of the targeting of pharmaceuticals and future research into the cellular mechanism of cannabinoids in the brain.
Everyday Politics: Market Women and the Local Government in Kankan, Guinea
Creators: name: Ammann, Carole
Publisher: name: Stichproben - Wiener Zeitschrift für kritische Afrikastudien / Vienna Journal of African Studies
Year: 2016

description: The Guinean state has not only been shaped and reshaped by the political elite, but also by people’s daily actions. Women selling at Dibida market in Kankan, the stronghold of Guinea’s current President Alpha Condé, are doing politics although in interviews they often deny to do so. Thus, I propose to focus on these women’s everyday agency so as to reveal their modes of political articulation and to illustrate how they influence governmental discourses and practices. Drawing on ethnographic research, I highlight the phenomenon of everyday politics by focussing on Kankan’s market women’s interactions with the local government represented by actors such as tax collectors, members of the market office, and other administrative employees. The aim is to gain insight into modes of political articulations that are hardly visible, hence difficult to grasp and analyse. I illustrate that market women, despite not forming a strong network, are able to put pressure on the local government by their sheer number and can thus sometimes pursue their goals.
Computational Terminology in eHealth
Creators: name: Di Nunzio, Giorgio Maria
name: Vezzani, Federica
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Computational Terminology, eHealth, Terminological Records, Systematic Reviews, Specialized Translation, Semantic Change

description: In this paper, we present a methodology for the development of a new eHealth resource in the context of Computational Terminology. This resource, named TriMED, is a digital library of terminological records designed to satisfy the information needs of different categories of users within the healthcare field: patients, language professionals and physicians. TriMED offers a wide range of information for the purpose of simplification of medical language in terms of understandability and readability. Finally, we present two applications of our resource in order to conduct different types of studies in particular in Information Retrieval and Literature Analysis.
title: Gegen den Willen
title: Sexuelle Gewalt im Alten Testament
Creators: name: Müllner, Ilse
Publisher: name: Universität Kassel
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: 230
subject: Bibel. Altes Testament
subject: Feministische Theologie
subject: Exegese
subject: Sexueller Missbrauch
subject: Gewalt gegen Frauen

description: Bereitgestellt mit der Erlaubnis von UNIKATE – Berichte aus Forschung und Lehre (https://www.uni-due.de/unikate / https://www.uni-due.de/unikate/pdf/EU_2003_021.pdf)
Being Young in the Guinée Forestière: Members of Youth Associations as Political Entrepreneurs
Creators: name: Engeler, Michelle
Publisher: name: Stichproben - Wiener Zeitschrift für kritische Afrikastudien / Vienna Journal of African Studies
Year: 2016

description: This paper is a contribution to a better understanding on what it means to be young and to grow up amidst political transformation processes in Guinea in the 2000s. It focuses on students and graduates in Guéckédou, a border town in the Guinée Forestière. How do these youths gain a living and participate in a complex and turbulent socio-political landscape? The qualitative research showed that they followed various economic activities in parallel; amongst others they were busy with so-called youth associations, the main focus of this paper. I argue that these youth associations can be described as self-created arenas for both economic and political participation. Thus, the members represent “political entrepreneurs” as their practices have to be situated in-between money- making, investment and political involvement. Interestingly, they thereby collaborate with various actors and institutions, including local elders, the state administration or local political parties and NGOs.
Anti-Factor is FPT Parameterized by Treewidth and List Size (but Counting is Hard)
Creators: name: Marx, Dániel
name: Sankar, Govind
name: Schepper, Philipp
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2023

description: In the general AntiFactor problem, a graph $G$ and, for every vertex $v$ of $G$, a set $X_\subseteq \mathbb{N}$ of forbidden degrees is given. The task is to find a set $S$ of edges such that the degree of $v$ in $S$ is \emph{not} in the set $X_v$. Standard techniques (dynamic programming plus fast convolution) can be used to show that if $M$ is the largest forbidden degree, then the problem can be solved in time $O*((M+2)^k)$ if a tree decomposition of width $k$ is given. However, significantly faster algorithms are possible if the sets $X_v$ are sparse: our main algorithmic result shows that if every vertex has at most $x$ forbidden degrees (we call this special case AntiFactor_x), then the problem can be solved in time $O*((x+1)^{O(k)})$. That is, AntiFactor_x is fixed-parameter tractable parameterized by treewidth $k$ and the maximum number $x$ of excluded degrees. Our algorithm uses the technique of representative sets, which can be generalized to the optimization version, but (as expected) not to the counting version of the problem. In fact, we show that #AntiFactor_1 is already #W[1]-hard parameterized by the width of the given decomposition. Moreover, we show that, unlike for the decision version, the standard dynamic programming algorithm is essentially optimal for the counting version. Formally, for a fixed nonempty set $X$, we denote by X-AntiFactor the special case where every vertex $v$ has the same set $X_v=X$ of forbidden degrees. We show the following lower bound for every fixed set $X$: if there is an $\epsilon>0$ such that #X-AntiFactor can be solved in time $O*((\max X+2-\epsilon)^k)$ given a tree decomposition of width $k$, then the Counting Strong Exponential-Time Hypothesis (#SETH) fails.
Scalar mass corrections from compact extra dimensions on the lattice
Creators: name: Del Debbio, Luigi
name: Rinaldi, Enrico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the phase diagram of the SU(2) Yang-Mills theory in 5 dimensions by numerical simulations. The lattice system shows a dimensionally-reduced phase where the extra dimension is small compared to the four dimensional correlation length. In the low-energy regime of this phase, the system behaves like a four-dimensional gauge theory coupled to an adjoint scalar field. By tuning the bare parameters of the lattice model, we identify lines of constant physics, and analyse the behaviour of the non-perturbative scalar mass as a function of the compactification and the cut-off scales. The perturbative prediction that the effective theory contains a light particle with a mass that is independent of the cut-off is tested against non-pertubative results.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures. Contribution to the XXIX International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory, July 10-16, 2011, Squaw Valley, Lake Tahoe, California
A distinguished Riemannian geometrization for quadratic Hamiltonians of polymomenta
Creators: name: Oana, Alexandru
name: Neagu, Mircea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 70S05, 53C07, 53C80

description: In this paper we construct a distinguished Riemannian geometrization on the dual 1-jet space J^{1*}(T,M) for the multi-time quadratic Hamiltonian functions. Our geometrization includes a nonlinear connection N, a generalized Cartan canonical N-linear connection (together with its local d-torsions and d-curvatures), naturally provided by a given quadratic Hamiltonian function depending on polymomenta.
description: 10 pages
Computing Generalized Convolutions Faster Than Brute Force
Creators: name: Esmer, Baris Can
name: Kulik, Ariel
name: Marx, Dániel
name: Schepper, Philipp
name: W?grzycki, Karol
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2023

description: In this paper, we consider a general notion of convolution. Let $D$ be a finite domain and let $D^n$ be the set of $n$-length vectors (tuples) of $D$. Let $f : D \times D \to D$ be a function and let $\oplus_f$ be a coordinate-wise application of $f$. The $f$-Convolution of two functions $g,h : D^n \to \{-M,\ldots,M\}$ is \begin{displaymath} (g \circledast_f h)(v) := \sum_{\substack{v_g,v_h \in D^n\\ \text{s.t. } v = v_g \oplus_f v_h}} g(v_g) \cdot h(v_h) \end{displaymath} for every $v \in D^n$. This problem generalizes many fundamental convolutions such as Subset Convolution, XOR Product, Covering Product or Packing Product, etc. For arbitrary function $f$ and domain $D$ we can compute $f$-Convolution via brute-force enumeration in $\tilde O{|D|^{2n}}$ time. Our main result is an improvement over this naive algorithm. We show that $f$-Convolution can be computed exactly in $\tilde O{ (c \cdot |D|^2)^{n}}$ for constant $c := 5/6$ when $D$ has even cardinality. Our main observation is that a \emph{cyclic partition} of a function $f : D \times D \to D$ can be used to speed up the computation of $f$-Convolution, and we show that an appropriate cyclic partition exists for every $f$. Furthermore, we demonstrate that a single entry of the $f$-Convolution can be computed more efficiently. In this variant, we are given two functions $g,h : D^n \to \{-M,\ldots,M\}$ alongside with a vector $v \in D^n$ and the task of the $f$-Query problem is to compute integer $(g \circledast_f h)(v)$. This is a generalization of the well-known Orthogonal Vectors problem. We show that $f$-Query can be computed in $\tilde O{|D|^{\frac{\omega}{2} n}}$ time, where $\omega \in [2,2.373)$ is the exponent of currently fastest matrix multiplication algorithm.
Domination and Cut Problems on Chordal Graphs with Bounded Leafage
Creators: name: Galby, Esther
name: Marx, Dániel
name: Schepper, Philipp
name: Sharma, Roohani
name: Tale, Prafullkumar
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2023

description: The leafage of a chordal graph $G$ is the minimum integer $\ell$ such that $G$ can be realized as an intersection graph of subtrees of a tree with $\ell$ leaves. We consider structural parameterization by the leafage of classical domination and cut problems on chordal graphs. Fomin, Golovach, and Raymond~[ESA~$2018$, Algorithmica~$2020$] proved, among other things, that \textsc{Dominating Set} on chordal graphs admits an algorithm running in time $2^{\mathcal{O}(\ell^2)} \cdot n^{\mathcal{O}(1)}$. We present a conceptually much simpler algorithm that runs in time $2^{\mathcal{O}(\ell)} \cdot n^{\mathcal{O}(1)}$. We extend our approach to obtain similar results for \textsc{Connected Dominating Set} and \textsc{Steiner Tree}. We then consider the two classical cut problems \textsc{MultiCut with Undeletable Terminals} and \textsc{Multiway Cut with Undeletable Terminals}. We prove that the former is \textsf{W}[1]-hard when parameterized by the leafage and complement this result by presenting a simple $n^{\mathcal{O}(\ell)}$-time algorithm. To our surprise, we find that \textsc{Multiway Cut with Undeletable Terminals} on chordal graphs can be solved, in contrast, in $n^{\mathcal{O}(1)}$-time.
The formation heritage of Jupiter Family Comet 10P/Tempel 2 as revealed by infrared spectroscopy
Creators: name: Paganini, L.
name: Mumma, M. J.
name: Bonev, B. P.
name: Villanueva, G. L.
name: DiSanti, M. A.
name: Keane, J. V.
name: Meech, K. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present spectral and spatial information for major volatile species in Comet 10P/Tempel 2, based on high-dispersion infrared spectra acquired on UT 2010 July 26 (heliocentric distance Rh = 1.44 AU) and September 18 (Rh = 1.62 AU), following the comet's perihelion passage on UT 2010 July 04. The total production rate for water on July 26 was (1.90 +/- 0.12) x 10^28 molecules s-1, and abundances of six trace gases (relative to water) were: CH3OH (1.58% +/- 0.23), C2H6 (0.39% +/- 0.04), NH3 (0.83% +/- 0.20), and HCN (0.13% +/- 0.02). A detailed analysis of intensities for water emission lines provided a rotational temperature of 35 +/- 3 K. The mean OPR is consistent with nuclear spin populations in statistical equilibrium (OPR = 3.01 +/- 0.18), and the (1-sigma) lower bound corresponds to a spin temperature > 38 K. Our measurements were contemporaneous with a jet-like feature observed at optical wavelengths. The spatial profiles of four primary volatiles display strong enhancements in the jet direction, which favors release from a localized vent on the nucleus. The measured IR continuum is much more sharply peaked and is consistent with a dominant contribution from the nucleus itself. The peak intensities for H2O, CH3OH, and C2H6 are offset by ~200 km in the jet direction, suggesting the possible existence of a distributed source, such as the release of icy grains that subsequently sublimed in the coma. On UT September 18, no obvious emission lines were present in our spectra, nevertheless we obtained a 3-sigma upper limit Q(H2O) < 2.86 x 10^27 molecules s-1.
ROAST: Robust Asynchronous Schnorr Threshold Signatures
Creators: name: Ruffing, Tim
name: Ronge, Viktoria
name: Jin, Elliott
name: Schneider-Bensch, Jonas
name: Schröder, Dominique
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2023

description: Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies have recently introduced support for Schnorr signatures whose cleaner algebraic structure, as compared to ECDSA, allows for simpler and more practical constructions of highly demanded "-of-" threshold signatures. However, existing Schnorr threshold signature schemes still fall short of the needs of real-world applications due to their assumption that the network is synchronous and due to their lack of robustness, i.e., the guarantee that honest signers are able to obtain a valid signature even in the presence of other malicious signers who try to disrupt the protocol. This hinders the adoption of threshold signatures in the cryptocurrency ecosystem, e.g., in second-layer protocols built on top of cryptocurrencies. In this work, we propose ROAST, a simple wrapper that turns a given threshold signature scheme into a scheme with a robust and asynchronous signing protocol, as long as the underlying signing protocol is semi-interactive (i.e., has one preprocessing round and one actual signing round), provides identifiable aborts, and is unforgeable under concurrent signing sessions. When applied to the state-of-the-art Schnorr threshold signature scheme FROST, which fulfills these requirements, we obtain a simple, efficient, and highly practical Schnorr threshold signature scheme.
Estrategias de ensamblaje y anotación del genoma de Pseudomonas balearica
Creators: name: Salvà-Serra, Francisco
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 60501 Bacteriology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60102 Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 60408 Genomics
subject: Microbiology
subject: 60503 Microbial Genetics

description: Master thesis from the Master in Advanced Microbiology, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, Spain. Presented in September 2014.