cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Identification and characterization of a suppressor of the kinetochore mutant ctf13-30
Creators: name: Law, Elaine Wing Ping
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: CTF13 is a component of the inner kinetochore complex CBF3. A screen was carried out to isolate spontaneous mutants that could rescue a ctf13 mutant, ctf13-30. Strains harboring this mutation are temperature sensitive at 37 degrees and have elevated chromosome loss rate. The screen identified two major classes of suppressors, one of which rescued the ctf13-30 defect by increasing mutant mRNA levels. The other compensated for the ctf13-30 mutation by genetic interaction. This extragenic suppressor ick1 was able to restore both the temperature sensitivity and the chromosome loss (as assayed by a colony sectoring assay) of ctf13-30 to a wild type profile. My hypothesis is this suppressor mutant may represent a novel kinetochore protein that is either a structural component or a regulator of events at the kinetochore. Yeast strains carrying the ick1 mutation alone did not have a temperature sensitive phenotype, and were not sensitive to the microtubule disrupting agent benomyl, or the DNA damaging agents bleomycin, hydroxyurea, and methylmethane sulfonate. Cloning of ICK1 by wild type complementation using a yeast genomic library yielded many candidates for this gene. However, when two highly represented candidates, GLC7 and SDS22, were analyzed for linkage to ICK1, both genes demonstrated random segregation. I undertook a large scale positional mapping experiment to clone ICK1 using the yeast non-essential haploid deletion mutant collection. The 4,700 deletion mutants were used as markers along the 16 budding yeast chromosomes and linkage between the markers and ICK1 was determined by assaying for growth versus a synthetic lethal phenotype. The screen produced a candidate region on Chromosome TV where ICK1 might be located, which contains two kinetochore-related genes.
On classical capacity of Weyl channels
Creators: name: Amosov, Grigori
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The additivity of minimal output entropy is proved for the Weyl channel obtained by the deformation of a q-c Weyl channel. The classical capacity of channel is calculated.
description: 12 pages, new version contains a concrete example
Use of household food insecurity scales for assessing poverty in Bangladesh and Uganda
Creators: name: Alcaraz V., Gabriela
name: Zeller, Manfred
name: Alcaraz V., Gabriela
name: Zeller, Manfred
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Food insecurity scale
subject: poverty
subject: Bangladesh
subject: Uganda

description: An important dimension of poverty is access to food. Household food security implies access to the food needed for a healthy and productive life. Lack of access to and/or impaired utilization of food contribute to household food insecurity. This study compares the usefulness of a standardized food insecurity scale for determining the food insecurity status of rural and urban households in Bangladesh and Uganda, and for predicting poverty status. The analysis uses data from the IRIS Composite Survey Household Questionnaire (2004), which consists of 1,587 households (approximately 800 households in each country). The coping mechanisms adopted in the presence of food shortages represent the building blocks for the development of the scale (7 items). In order to assess the suitability of the scale as an estimator of the households’ poverty status, the benchmark indicator “daily expenditures per capita” and its relation to the corresponding poverty line serves as the basis for evaluation for each country. The scale provides the means for classifying the households into 3 main groups: Non Food Insecure, Moderately Food Insecure, and Severely Food Insecure. The reliability of the scale is measured via the Cronbach’s Alpha statistic. In addition, the scale is used in regression analysis in order to predict per capita daily expenditures and the poverty incidence. The results show that food insecurity does not always reflect (income) poverty. However, the use of the scale as a predictor of poverty status produces rough estimates of poverty incidence that could be useful as background information. The differentiation of households according to their food security status may be valuable for focusing and developing improved food insecurity mitigation strategies.
An Online Cost Calculator for Estimating the Economic Cost of Illness Due to Shiga Toxin-Producing E. coli (STEC) 0157 Infections
Creators: name: Frenzen, Paul D.
name: Frenzen, Paul D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Health Economics and Policy
subject: Keywords: Foodborne illness
subject: foodborne pathogens
subject: food safety
subject: Shiga toxin-producing E. coli O157
subject: E. coli O157:H7
subject: enterohemorrhagic E. coli
subject: economic cost of illness
subject: value of statistical life
subject: morbidity
subject: mortality. Acknowledgments

description: Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC) O157 is a significant cause of foodborne illness in the United States. ERS estimated the economic cost of illness due to this pathogen— $405.2 million (in 2003 dollars)—using the most recent estimate (1997) of the annual number of STEC O157 cases by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and medical and cost data from the Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network. CDC is currently updating its estimate of annual cases. As new information becomes available, the ERS online Foodborne Illness Cost Calculator enables users to review and modify the assumptions underlying the STEC O157 cost estimate, such as the number of cases, and then recalculate the cost, adjusted for inflation for any year from 1997 to 2006. The potential utility of the calculator was demonstrated by assuming that the incidence of STEC O157 had declined and then estimating the cost for a smaller number of cases.
Proper-Motion Measurements of the Cygnus Egg Nebula
Creators: name: Ueta, Toshiya
name: Murakawa, Koji
name: Meixner, Margaret
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of proper-motion measurements of the dust shell structure in the Egg Nebula (AFGL 2688, CRL 2688, V1610 Cyg), based on the archived two-epoch imaging-polarimetry data in the 2 micron band taken with NICMOS on-board the Hubble Space Telescope. We measured the amount of motions of local structures in the nebula by determining their relative shifts over an interval of 5.5 years. The dynamical age of the nebula is found to be roughly 350 years based on the overall motion of the nebula that exhibits a Hubble-law-esque linear relation between the measured proper motion and the projected radial distance from the origin of the expansion. By adopting the de-projected velocity of 45 km/s at the tips of the bipolar lobes, our proper-motion measurements indicate that the distance to the Egg Nebula is about 420 pc and that the lobes are inclined at 7.7 degrees with respect to the plane of the sky. The refined distance estimate yields the luminosity of the central star of 3.3 x 10^3 L_sun, the total shell mass of 1.2 M_sun, and the mass loss rate (the upper limit) of 3.6 x 10^(-3) M_sun/yr. Assuming 0.6 M_sun central post-AGB stellar mass, the initial mass of the Egg is 1.8 M_sun. Upon analysis, we also discovered that the central star of the Egg Nebula has proper motion of its own at the rate of (14, -10) mas/yr.
description: To appear in ApJ in April 2006. 11 ApJ emulated pages including 2 tables and 4 figures
Search for the $1/2^+$ intruder state in $^{35}$P
Creators: name: Salathe, M.
name: Crawford, H. L.
name: Macchiavelli, A. O.
name: Kay, B. P.
name: Hoffman, C. R.
name: Ayangeakaa, A. D.
name: Campbell, C. M.
name: Clark, R. M.
name: Cromaz, M.
name: Fallon, P.
name: Jones, M. D.
name: Kuvin, S. A.
name: Sethi, J.
name: Wiedeking, M.
name: Winkelbauer, J. R.
name: Wuosmaa, A. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The excitation energy of deformed intruder states (specifically the 2p2h bandhead) as a function of proton number $Z$ along $N=20$ is of interest both in terms of better understanding the evolution of nuclear structure between spherical $^{40}$Ca and the Island of Inversion nuclei, and for benchmarking theoretical descriptions in this region. At the center of the $N=20$ Island of Inversion, the npnh (where n=2,4,6) neutron excitations across a diminished $N=20$ gap result in deformed and collective ground states, as observed in $^{32}$Mg. In heavier isotones, npnh excitations do not dominate in the ground states, but are present in the relatively low-lying level schemes. With the aim of identifying the expected 2p2h$\otimes\mathrm{s}_{1/2^+}$ state in $^{35}$P, the only $N=20$ isotone for which the neutron 2p2h excitation bandhead has not yet been identified, the $^{36}$S(d,$^3$He)$^{35}$P reaction has been revisited in inverse kinematics with the HELical Orbit Spectrometer (HELIOS) at the Argonne Tandem Linac Accelerator System (ATLAS). While a candidate state has not been located, an upper limit for the transfer reaction cross-section to populate such a configuration within a 2.5 to 3.6\,MeV energy range, provides a stringent constraint on the wavefunction compositions in both $^{36}$S and $^{35}$P.
Effects of Reducing the Income Cap on Eligibility for Farm Program Payments
Creators: name: Durst, Ron L.
name: Durst, Ron L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: farm program payments
subject: adjusted gross income
subject: farm typology
subject: tax data
subject: AGI cap
subject: farm households
subject: Agricultural Resource Management Survey

description: The current $2.5-million income cap on eligibility for farm program payments affects only a small number of farm program payment recipients each year. A reduction in the cap to $200,000 would affect a larger number of farm households but still only a small share of recipients. Based on IRS tax data for 2004, about 1.2 percent of all farm sole proprietors and about 2 percent of crop share landlords would be potentially subject to the proposed lower adjusted gross income (AGI) cap. ARMS survey data suggest a similar share of farm sole proprietors (1.1 percent) could be affected. When partnerships and farm corporations are included, about 1.5 percent of all farm operator households could be affected because a larger share of farm partnerships (2.5 percent) and farm corporations (9.7 percent) could be subject to the proposed cap. ARMS data indicate that $807 million in payments were received in 2004 by farm operators organized as proprietors, partnerships, and corporations with incomes exceeding $200,000. However, not all of these payments would be affected by a $200,000 income cap on eligibility for payments due to differences in IRS and ARMS data and changes by producers in how they manage their incomes and expenses. The study also found that farm income averaged $271,749 and net worth averaged over $1.86 million for farm households with AGI estimated to be over $200,000 based on the ARMS data.
Supplementary Material 1: Methods from Evidence for oscillating circadian clock genes in the copepod Calanus finmarchicus during summer solstice in the high Arctic
Creators: name: Hüppe, Lukas
name: Payton, Laura
name: Last, Kim
name: Wilcockson, David
name: Ershova, Elizaveta
name: Meyer, Bettina
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Environmental Science
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Methods
Neutron scattering study on La1.9Ca1.1Cu2O6+delta and La1.85Sr0.15CaCu2O6+delta
Creators: name: Huecker, M.
name: Kim, Young-June
name: Gu, G. D.
name: Gaulin, B. D.
name: Lynn, J. W.
name: Tranquada, J. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present neutron scattering data on two single crystals of the high temperature superconductor La2-x(Ca,Sr)xCaCu2O6+delta. The Ca0.1-doped crystal exhibits a long-range antiferromagnetically ordered ground state. In contrast, the Sr0.15-doped crystal exhibits short-range antiferromagnetic order as well as weak superconductivity. In both crystals antiferromagnetic correlations are commensurate; however, some results on the Ca0.1-doped crystal resemble those on the spin-glass phase of La2-xSrxCuO4, where magnetic correlations became incommensurate. In addition, both crystals show a structural transition from tetragonal to orthorhombic symmetry. Quite remarkably, the temperature dependence and correlation length of the magnetic order is very similar to that of the orthorhombic distortion. We attribute this behavior to an orthorhombic strain-induced inter-bilayer magnetic coupling, which triggers the antiferromagnetic order. The large size of the crystals made it also possible to study the magnetic diffuse scattering along rods perpendicular to the CuO2 planes in more detail. For comparison we show X-ray diffraction and magnetization data. In particular, for the Ca0.1-doped crystal these measurements reveal valuable information on the spin-glass transition as well as a second anomaly associated with the Neel transition.
description: 12 pages, 12 figures
Crystal Structure and Thermoelectric Transport Properties of As-Doped Layered Pnictogen Oxyselenides NdO0.8F0.2Sb1-xAsxSe2
Creators: name: Morino, Kota
name: Goto, Yosuke
name: Miura, Akira
name: Moriyoshi, Chikako
name: Kuroiwa, Yoshihiro
name: Mizuguchi, Yoshikazu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the synthesis and thermoelectric transport properties of As-doped layered pnictogen oxyselenides NdO0.8F0.2Sb1-xAsxSe2 (x < 0.7), which are predicted to show high-performance thermoelectric properties based on first-principles calculation. The crystal structure of these compounds belongs to the tetragonal P4/nmm space group (No. 129) at room temperature. The lattice parameter c decreases with increasing x, while a remains almost unchanged among the samples. Despite isovalent substitution of As for Sb, electrical resistivity significantly rises with increasing x. Very low thermal conductivity of less than 0.8 W/mK is observed at temperatures between 300 and 673 K for all the examined samples. For As-doped samples, the thermal conductivity further decreases above 600 K. Temperature-dependent synchrotron X-ray diffraction indicates that an anomaly also occurs in the c-axis length at around 600 K, which may relate to the thermal transport properties.
description: 21 pages, 9 figures
Perturbative analysis of wave interactions in nonlinear systems
Creators: name: Veksler, Alex
name: Zarmi, Yair
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This work proposes a new way for handling obstacles to asymptotic integrability in perturbed nonlinear PDEs within the method of Normal Forms - NF - for the case of multi-wave solutions. Instead of including the whole obstacle in the NF, only its resonant part is included, and the remainder is assigned to the homological equation. This leaves the NF intergable and its solutons retain the character of the solutions of the unperturbed equation. We exploit the freedom in the expansion to construct canonical obstacles which are confined to te interaction region of the waves. Fo soliton solutions, e.g., in the KdV equation, the interaction region is a finite domain around the origin; the canonical obstacles then do not generate secular terms in the homological equation. When the interaction region is infifnite, or semi-infinite, e.g., in wave-front solutions of the Burgers equation, the obstacles may contain resonant terms. The obstacles generate waves of a new type, which cannot be written as functionals of the solutions of the NF. When an obstacle contributes a resonant term to the NF, this leads to a non-standard update of th wave velocity.
description: 13 pages, including 6 figures
America's Diverse Family Farms 2007 Edition
Creators: name: Hoppe, Robert A.
name: Banker, David E.
name: Korb, Penelope J.
name: O'Donoghue, Erik J.
name: MacDonald, James M.
name: Hoppe, Robert A.
name: Banker, David E.
name: Korb, Penelope J.
name: O'Donoghue, Erik J.
name: MacDonald, James M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Farm Management
subject: Family farms
subject: farm program payments
subject: farm production
subject: farm household income
subject: commodity payments
subject: direct payments
subject: government payments
subject: Agricultural Resource Management Survey
subject: contracting
subject: ERS
subject: USDA

description: American farms encompass a wide range of sizes, ownership structures, and business types, but most farms are still family farms. Family farms account for 98 percent of farms and 85 percent of production. Although most farms are small and own most of the farmland, production has shifted to very large farms. Farms with sales of $1 million or more make up less than 2 percent of all farms, but they account for 48 percent of farm product sales. Most of these million-dollar farms are family farms. Because small-farm households rely on off-farm work for most of their income, general economic policies, such as tax or economic development policy, can be as important to them as traditional farm policy.
Characteristics of Low-Income Households With Very Low Food Security: An Analysis of the USDA GPRA Food Security Indicator
Creators: name: Nord, Mark
name: Nord, Mark
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Food security
subject: food insecurity
subject: very low food security
subject: hunger
subject: food stamp program
subject: school lunch program
subject: WIC
subject: GPRA
subject: ERS
subject: USDA

description: This Economic Information Bulletin describes characteristics of low-income households that had very low food security in 2005. The U.S. Department of Agriculture monitors the food security of low-income households to assess how effectively the Government’s domestic nutrition assistance programs meet the needs of their target populations. USDA seeks to reduce the prevalence of very low food security among low-income households as part of its strategic plan under the Government Performance and Results Act (GPRA).
Radon measures and Lipschitz graphs
Creators: name: Badger, Matthew
name: Naples, Lisa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 28A75

description: For all $1\leq m\leq n-1$, we investigate the interaction of locally finite measures in $\mathbb{R}^n$ with the family of $m$-dimensional Lipschitz graphs. For instance, we characterize Radon measures $μ$, which are carried by Lipschitz graphs in the sense that there exist graphs $Γ_1,Γ_2,\dots$ such that $μ(\mathbb{R}^n\setminus\bigcup_1^\inftyΓ_i)=0$, using only countably many evaluations of the measure. This problem in geometric measure theory was classically studied within smaller classes of measures, e.g.~for the restrictions of $m$-dimensional Hausdorff measure $\mathcal{H}^m$ to $E\subseteq \mathbb{R}^n$ with $0
description: 18 pages, 1 figure (v2: mostly polishing, updated figure, fixed mistake in proof of Lemma 4.1, added references)
Supplementary Material 4. Table S2 from Evidence for oscillating circadian clock genes in the copepod Calanus finmarchicus during summer solstice in the high Arctic
Creators: name: Hüppe, Lukas
name: Payton, Laura
name: Last, Kim
name: Wilcockson, David
name: Ershova, Elizaveta
name: Meyer, Bettina
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Environmental Science
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Amplitude and phase of the expression profiles of genes displaying daily oscillations at both JR85 and B13. The amplitude was calculated for each selected gene at each station, by taking half the distance between the maximum and minimum value of expression. The phase estimates were obtained by RAIN and are given in local time (UTC+2).
Runtime Analysis of Evolutionary Algorithms via Symmetry Arguments
Creators: name: Doerr, Benjamin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We use an elementary argument building on group actions to prove that the selection-free steady state genetic algorithm analyzed by Sutton and Witt (GECCO 2019) takes an expected number of $Ω(2^n / \sqrt n)$ iterations to find any particular target search point. This bound is valid for all population sizes $μ$. Our result improves over the previous lower bound of $Ω(\exp(n^{δ/2}))$ valid for population sizes $μ= O(n^{1/2 - δ})$, $0 < δ< 1/2$.
description: Minor changes compared to the previous version
Hubble-like flows in relativistic heavy-ion collisions
Creators: name: Chojnacki, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the dynamical appearance of scaling solutions in relativistic hydrodynamics. The phase transition effects are included through the temperature dependent sound velocity. If a pre-equilibrium transverse flow is included in the initial conditions, then it may reach the form of the asymptotic Hubble flow, r/t, in short evolution times, 7-15 fm. The numerical solutions are found to support to the freeze-out models (Blast-Wave, Buda-Lund, Cracow).
description: 4 pages, 6 Postscript figures, uses hiph-preprint.sty, contribution to the Quark Matter 2005 poster proceedings. Minor stylistic corrections
Structure and Finances of U.S. Farms: Family Farm Report, 2007 Edition
Creators: name: Hoppe, Robert A.
name: Korb, Penelope J.
name: O'Donoghue, Erik J.
name: Banker, David E.
name: Hoppe, Robert A.
name: Korb, Penelope J.
name: O'Donoghue, Erik J.
name: Banker, David E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Farm Management
subject: Contracting
subject: family farms
subject: farm businesses
subject: farm financial performance
subject: farm-operator household income
subject: farm operators
subject: farm structure
subject: farm type
subject: million-dollar farms
subject: small farms
subject: ERS
subject: USDA

description: U.S. farms are diverse, ranging from small retirement and residential farms to enterprises with annual sales in the millions. Nevertheless, most U.S. farms—98 percent in 2004—are family farms. Even the largest farms tend to be family farms. Large-scale family farms and nonfamily farms account for 10 percent of U.S farms, but 75 percent of the value of production. In contrast, small family farms make up most of the U.S. farm count, produce a modest share of farm output, and receive substantial off-farm income. Many farm households have a large net worth, reflecting the land-intensive nature of farming.
Entropy, Free Energy, and Work of Restricted Boltzmann Machines
Creators: name: Oh, Sangchul
name: Baggag, Abdelkader
name: Nha, Hyunchul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A restricted Boltzmann machine is a generative probabilistic graphic network. A probability of finding the network in a certain configuration is given by the Boltzmann distribution. Given training data, its learning is done by optimizing parameters of the energy function of the network. In this paper, we analyze the training process of the restricted Boltzmann machine in the context of statistical physics. As an illustration, for small size Bar-and-Stripe patterns, we calculate thermodynamic quantities such as entropy, free energy, and internal energy as a function of training epoch. We demonstrate the growth of the correlation between the visible and hidden layers via the subadditivity of entropies as the training proceeds. Using the Monte-Carlo simulation of trajectories of the visible and hidden vectors in configuration space, we also calculate the distribution of the work done on the restricted Boltzmann machine by switching the parameters of the energy function. We discuss the Jarzynski equality which connects the path average of the exponential function of the work and the difference in free energies before and after training.
description: 10 figures, submitted
Supplementary Material 3. Table S1 from Evidence for oscillating circadian clock genes in the copepod Calanus finmarchicus during summer solstice in the high Arctic
Creators: name: Hüppe, Lukas
name: Payton, Laura
name: Last, Kim
name: Wilcockson, David
name: Ershova, Elizaveta
name: Meyer, Bettina
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Environmental Science
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Information on C. finmarchicus clock gene primer sequences used in this study, detailing function, direction, melting temperature (Tm), CG-content and the source transcriptome.
Food Spending in American Households, 2003-04
Creators: name: Blisard, Noel
name: Stewart, Hayden
name: Blisard, Noel
name: Stewart, Hayden
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Food expenditures
subject: BLS Consumer Expenditure Diary Survey
subject: socioeconomic characteristics Acknowledgments

description: Average yearly expenditures on food in U.S. urban households increased between 2003 and 2004. Over the period, annual per capita spending on food rose from $2,035 to $2,207. The 2004 average comprises $1,347 spent on food consumed at home and $860 spent on food consumed away from home. These amounts reflect a year-to-year increase of 7.9 percent in food-at-home expenditures and 9.3 percent in food-away-from-home expenditures. Wealthier urban households tended to spend more than other urban households for both food at home and food away from home, and they spent a larger share of their food budget than other households on food consumed away from home. The share of the food budget spent on food consumed away from home varied from 30 percent for the poorest group to 44 percent for the wealthiest.
Occurence and Luminosity Functions of Giant Radio Halos from Magneto-Turbulent Model
Creators: name: Cassano, Rossella
name: Brunetti, Gianfranco
name: Setti, Giancarlo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the probability to form giant radio halos (~ 1 Mpc size) as a function of the mass of the host clusters by using a Statistical Magneto-Turbulent Model (Cassano & Brunetti, these proceedings). We show that the expectations of this model are in good agreement with the observations for viable values of the parameters. In particular, the abrupt increase of the probability to find radio halos in the more massive galaxy clusters (M > 2x10^{15} solar masses) can be well reproduced. We calculate the evolution with redshift of such a probability and find that giant radio halos can be powered by particle acceleration due to MHD turbulence up to z~0.5 in a LCDM cosmology. Finally, we calculate the expected Luminosity Functions of radio halos (RHLFs). At variance with previous studies, the shape of our RHLFs is characterized by the presence of a cut-off at low synchrotron powers which reflects the inefficiency of particle acceleration in the case of less massive galaxy clusters.
description: 4 pages, to appear in a dedicated issue of the Journal of the Korean Astronomical Society (JKAS). Proceedings of the "International conference on Cosmic Rays and Magnetic Fields in Large Scale Structure", Busan, Korea, 2004
Dynamics of cyanophage replication
Creators: name: Brigden, Sean Malcolm
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This study focuses on the infection characteristics (rate of adsorption, length of lytic cycle and burst size) of two cyanomyoviruses, cyanophage S-PWM1 infecting cultures of Synechococcus DC2 (Marine Cluster A) grown at a high irradiance (299 μmol quanta a m⁻² s⁻¹) and low irradiance (19 μmol quanta m⁻² s⁻¹), and cyanophage S-PWM3 infecting Synechococcus DC2 and SNC1 (Marine Cluster B) grown at high irradiance. The adsorption coefficients for SPWM1 adsorbing to DC2 under conditions of high and low light varied by a factor of 12 (1.26 x 10⁻⁸ and 1.03 x 10 ⁻⁹mL min SD = 1.88 x 10⁻⁹ and 3.75 x 10 ⁻¹⁰ respectively; n = 3). The coefficients of adsorption for S-PWM3 adsorbing to DC2 and SNC1 were 9.04 x 10⁻⁹ and 9.72 x 10⁻⁹ m L min⁻¹ (SD = 4.33 x 10 ⁻¹⁰ and 3.34 x 10 ⁻¹⁰; n = 3) respectively. One-step growth experiments indicated that for S-PWM1 infecting Synechococcus DC2 the length of the lytic cycle was 17 h while the calculated burst size was 328 under high and 151 under low light, respectively. For S-PWM3 infecting Synechococcus DC2, the length of the lytic cycle was 13 h and the burst size was 135. For S-PWM3 infecting Synechococcus SNC1 the length of the lytic cycle was 17 h and the burst size was 8. The results of this study show that light limitation affects the rate of cyanophage adsorption and the burst size, and that there can be large differences in burst sizes among different cyanophage-host systems. This implies that in nature the physiological condition of the host will have a marked effect on phage replication, and that these effects will be dependent on the composition of the cyanophage and cyanobacterial communities.
Phase Transition in a One-Dimensional Extended Peierls-Hubbard Model with a Pulse of Oscillating Electric Field: I. Threshold Behavior in Ionic-to-Neutral Transition
Creators: name: Yonemitsu, Kenji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Photoinduced dynamics of charge density and lattice displacements is calculated by solving the time-dependent Schrödinger equation for a one-dimensional extended Peierls-Hubbard model with alternating potentials for the mixed-stack organic charge-transfer complex, TTF-CA. A pulse of oscillating electric field is incorporated into the Peierls phase of the transfer integral. The frequency, the amplitude, and the duration of the pulse are varied to study the nonlinear and cooperative character of the photoinduced transition. When the dimerized ionic phase is photoexcited, the threshold behavior is clearly observed by plotting the final ionicity as a function of the increment of the total energy. Above the threshold photoexcitation, the electronic state reaches the neutral one with equidistant molecules after the electric field is turned off. The transition is initiated by nucleation of a metastable neutral domain, for which an electric field with frequency below the linear absorption peak is more effective than that at the peak. When the pulse is strong and short, the charge transfer takes place on the same time scale with the disappearance of dimerization. As the pulse becomes weak and long, the dimerization-induced polarization is disordered to restore the inversion symmetry on average before the charge transfer takes place to bring the system neutral. Thus, a paraelectric ionic phase is transiently realized by a weak electric field. It is shown that infrared light also induces the ionic-to-neutral transition, which is characterized by the threshold behavior.
description: 24 pages, 11 figures
X(3): An Exactly Separable Gamma-Rigid Version of the X(5) Critical Point Symmetry
Creators: name: Bonatsos, Dennis
name: Lenis, D.
name: Petrellis, D.
name: Terziev, P. A.
name: Yigitoglu, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A gamma-rigid version (with gamma=0) of the X(5) critical point symmetry is constructed. The model, to be called X(3) since it is proved to contain three degrees of freedom, utilizes an infinite well potential, is based on exact separation of variables, and leads to parameter free (up to overall scale factors) predictions for spectra and B(E2) transition rates, which are in good agreement with existing experimental data for 172-Os and 186-Pt. An unexpected similarity of the first beta bands of the X(5) nuclei 150-Nd, 152-Sm, 154-Gd, and 156-Dy to the X(3) predictions is observed.
description: LaTeX, 12 pagres, including 4 postscript figures
Food Chain Concept in Food and Rural Policy
Creators: name: Bertazzoli, Aldo
name: Ghelfi, Rino
name: Rivaroli, Sergio
name: Samoggia, Antonella
name: Bertazzoli, Aldo
name: Ghelfi, Rino
name: Rivaroli, Sergio
name: Samoggia, Antonella
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Farm Management
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: food chain
subject: food policy
subject: rural policy

description: Food chain concept was firstly used as a private sector concept applied in order to optimise chain organisation and to create value along the chain. It is now becoming an approach to understand relations within a socio-economic area, both for economic and production aims and to gain a territorial and rural development perspective. Currently food chain policy is often the result of a negotiating process involving different socio-economic policy areas and many stakeholders. The objective of the present paper is to analyse the food chain concept in rural and food policy context, to explore its interconnections with other socio-economic policy areas, and to identify the main policy perspectives in which the concept of food chain was used. A significant number of international bodies, European Union institutions and national rural programming documents containing specific reference to the food chain were studied with a content analysis methodology based on a common attributes grid. A Boolean matrix was created so to identify some cognitive relations between socio-economic policy areas and topics through the examination of the connected perceptual map built using multidimensional scaling method (MDS). Documents analysis shows that the food chain concept is mainly used in food policy strategy documents, but it is increasingly adopted as a theoretical instrument for territorial and rural policy documents. Food chain concept contains conceptual declinations which refer to both food and rural policies. Beyond the improvement of food safety and quality standards, it is widely used as instrument for agro-food competitiveness, improvement of management, territorial and rural development. Food chain initiatives impact on an increasing number of economic sectors, planning levels and interest groups and the stages of the food chain mostly targeted are the farmers/ primary producers and the consumer. Moreover, the analysis shows a lack of a European common interpretation and clear acknowledgement of the use of the food chain approach and the policy documents and regulations highlight food chain issues only partially if compared with private stakeholders and research bodies. At international level, there is an increasing attention on network and systemic relations in the agro-food sector and along the different actors of the chain, but the full strength of the food chain paradigm could be more widely exploited.
Interaction between kinks and antikinks with double long-range tails
Creators: name: Campos, João G. F.
name: Mohammadi, Azadeh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore a class of $ϕ^{4n}$ models with kink and antikink solutions that have long-range tails on both sides, specializing to the cases with $n=2$ and $n=3$. A recently developed method of an accelerating kink ansatz is used to estimate the force between the kink and the antikink. We use state-of-the-art numerical methods to initialize the system in a kink-antikink configuration with a finite initial velocity and to evolve the system according to the equations of motion. Among these methods, we propose a computationally efficient way to initialize the velocity field of the system. Interestingly, we discover that, for this class of models, $ϕ^{4n}$ with $n>1$, the kink-antikink annihilation behaves differently from the archetypal $ϕ^4$ model or even the kinks with one long-range tail because there is neither long-lived bion formation nor resonance windows and the critical velocity is ultrarelativistic.
description: 15 pages, 6 figures
Business Dynamics with Scenario's on Dutch Agriculture and its Institutional Arrangements
Creators: name: Poppe, Krijn J.
name: Poppe, Krijn J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Farm Management
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: agri-food innovation system
subject: business dynamics
subject: scenarion analysis

description: This paper investigates the developments in the Dutch Agri-Food innovation system. Main components of the system are agriculture and agribusiness, the promotion of interests in the lobby system and the knowledge system. Each has its own dynamics but they are until now tied together by institutional arrangements. Based on a historical description we formulate a simple business dynamics model. The robustness of the system is investigated by a scenario analysis. Results have been checked by interviews with experts.
Response to Comment on Electric Multipole Moments for Some First-Row Diatomic Hydride Molecules [Commun. Theor. Phys. 38 (2002) 256]
Creators: name: Orbay, Metin
name: Ozdogan, Telhat
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The comment of Guseinov is irrelevant and also unjust. In contrast to his comment, we show that the obtained electric multipole moment values for some first-row diatomic molecules are original and better than his values (I.I. Guseinov, E. Akin, and A.M. Rzaeva, J. Mol. Struct. (Theochem) 453 (1998) 163) with respect to Hartree-Fock values. Moreover, it must be noted that all the formulas are cited in our paper (M. Orbay and T. Ozdogan, Commun. Theor. Phys. (Beijing, China) 35 (2001) 585) and corrigendum (M. Orbay and T. Ozdogan, Commun. Theor. Phys. (Beijing, China) 37 (2002) 768).
description: 2 pages
The relationship between fine galaxy stellar morphology and star formation activity in cosmological simulations: a deep learning view
Creators: name: Zanisi, Lorenzo
name: Huertas-Company, Marc
name: Lanusse, Francois
name: Bottrell, Connor
name: Pillepich, Annalisa
name: Nelson, Dylan
name: Rodriguez-Gomez, Vicente
name: Shankar, Francesco
name: Hernquist, Lars
name: Dekel, Avishai
name: Margalef-Bentabol, Berta
name: Vogelsberger, Mark
name: Primack, Joel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hydrodynamical simulations of galaxy formation and evolution attempt to fully model the physics that shapes galaxies. The agreement between the morphology of simulated and real galaxies, and the way the morphological types are distributed across galaxy scaling relations are important probes of our knowledge of galaxy formation physics. Here we propose an unsupervised deep learning approach to perform a stringent test of the fine morphological structure of galaxies coming from the Illustris and IllustrisTNG (TNG100 and TNG50) simulations against observations from a subsample of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. Our framework is based on PixelCNN, an autoregressive model for image generation with an explicit likelihood. We adopt a strategy that combines the output of two PixelCNN networks in a metric that isolates the fine morphological details of galaxies from the sky background. We are able to \emph{quantitatively} identify the improvements of IllustrisTNG, particularly in the high-resolution TNG50 run, over the original Illustris. However, we find that the fine details of galaxy structure are still different between observed and simulated galaxies. This difference is driven by small, more spheroidal, and quenched galaxies which are globally less accurate regardless of resolution and which have experienced little improvement between the three simulations explored. We speculate that this disagreement, that is less severe for quenched disky galaxies, may stem from a still too coarse numerical resolution, which struggles to properly capture the inner, dense regions of quenched spheroidal galaxies.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS. Comments welcome
Impact of the Administrative Regulations in the Wine Value Chain: The Spanish Case
Creators: name: De Felipe, Isabel
name: Briz, Miguel
name: Briz, Teresa
name: De Felipe, Isabel
name: Briz, Miguel
name: Briz, Teresa
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Farm Management
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: Wine
subject: regulations
subject: value chain

description: The wine value chain is characterized by its traditional nature. The transformation of the raw material makes lasting products with a high added value, which entails large price differences between producers and consumers. Given the socioeconomic important of this sector, it has specially been taken into account by the administration, with a high level of intervention. There is an ample range of interventions, from a qualitative and from a quantitative point of view. The main objective of all these policies is the intention of controlling the supply and stimulating the demand. The impact of these measures is considered in the short term, to solve the surplus problems. However, at the long run, it has a negative impact. The new framework of the wine presents a lower administrative intervention, with the market-management rules more effective in order to achieve a better balance between supply and demand. The recent modification of the CMO will make EU wines more competitive and will enhance the reputation of European wines and regaining market share both in the EU and outside.
Supplementary Material from Effect of data length on time delay and embedding dimension for calculating the Lyapunov exponent in walking
Creators: name: Hussain, Victoria Smith
name: Spano, Mark L.
name: Thurmon E. Lockhart
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biological Engineering
subject: 60114 Systems Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 110601 Biomechanics
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60199 Biochemistry and Cell Biology not elsewhere classified
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Supplementary Material Effect of Data Length on Time Delay and Embedding Dimension for Calculating the Lyapunov Exponent in Walking
Orbital stability vs. scattering in the cubic-quintic Schrödinger equation
Creators: name: R Carles
name: C Sparber
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2021
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: © 2021 World Scientific Publishing Company. We consider the cubic-quintic nonlinear Schrödinger equation of up to three space dimensions. The cubic nonlinearity is thereby focusing while the quintic one is defocusing, ensuring global well-posedness of the Cauchy problem in the energy space. The main goal of this paper is to investigate the interplay between dispersion and orbital (in-)stability of solitary waves. In space dimension one, it is already known that all solitons are orbitally stable. In dimension two, we show that if the initial data belong to the conformal space, and have at most the mass of the ground state of the cubic two-dimensional Schrödinger equation, then the solution is asymptotically linear. For larger mass, solitary wave solutions exist, and we review several results on their stability. Finally, in dimension three, relying on previous results from other authors, we show that solitons may or may not be orbitally stable.
Phase Transition in a One-Dimensional Extended Peierls-Hubbard Model with a Pulse of Oscillating Electric Field: II. Linear Behavior in Neutral-to-Ionic Transition
Creators: name: Yonemitsu, Kenji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dynamics of charge density and lattice displacements after the neutral phase is photoexcited is studied by solving the time-dependent Schrödinger equation for a one-dimensional extended Peierls-Hubbard model with alternating potentials. In contrast to the ionic-to-neutral transition studied previously, the neutral-to-ionic transition proceeds in an uncooperative manner as far as the one-dimensional system is concerned. The final ionicity is a linear function of the increment of the total energy. After the electric field is turned off, the electronic state does not significantly change, roughly keeping the ionicity, even if the transition is not completed, because the ionic domains never proliferate. As a consequence, an electric field with frequency just at the linear absorption peak causes the neutral-to-ionic transition the most efficiently. These findings are consistent with the recent experiments on the mixed-stack organic charge-transfer complex, TTF-CA. We artificially modify or remove the electron-lattice coupling to discuss the origin of such differences between the two transitions.
description: 17 pages, 9 figures
Skyrmion phase in MnSi on sapphire grown by a conventional sputtering
Creators: name: Choi, Won-Young
name: Bang, Hyun-Woo
name: Chun, Seung-Hyun
name: Lee, Sunghun
name: Jung, Myung-Hwa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Topologically protected chiral skyrmion is an intriguing spin texture, which has attracted much attention because of fundamental research and future spintronic applications. MnSi with the non-centrosymmetric structure is well-known material hosting skyrmion phase. To date, preparation of MnSi crystals has been investigated by using special instruments with ultrahigh vacuum chamber. Here, we introduce a facile way to grow MnSi films on sapphire, which is in relatively low vacuum environment of conventional magnetron sputtering. Magnetotransport properties including Hall resistivity measurements allow to confirm the existence of skyrmion phase in MnSi film. Because as-grown MnSi films on sapphire has polycrystalline nature, the emergent features of skyrmion phase are limited and complicated. However, we observed the stable skyrmion phase in a broad range of temperatures and magnetic fields, which is explained by phenomenological scaling analyses of Hall resistivities contribution. Our findings provide not only a general way to prepare the materials possessing skyrmion phase, but also insight into further research to stimulate more degrees of freedom in our inquisitiveness.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures