cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Quantum information entropy of a particle trapped by the Aharonov-Bohm-type effect
Creators: name: Lima, F. C. E.
name: Moreira, A. R. P.
name: Almeida, C. A. S.
name: Edet, C. O.
name: Ali, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this research article, we use the Shannon's formalism to investigate the quantum information entropy of a particle trapped by the Aharonov-Bohm-type effect. For quantum information study, it is necessary to investigate the eigenstates of the quantum system, i. e., the wave functions and energies of the quantum states. We assumed that the particle is in principle, confined in a cylindrical box in the presence of an Aharonov-Bohm-type effect due to dislocation defect. Analysis of the quantum information entropy, reveals that the dislocation influences the eigenstates and, consequently, the quantum information of the system.
description: 15 pages, 2 captioned figures. Title changed. Enhanced version to appear in Physica Scripta
Partial Discharge Diagnostics: Data Cleaning and Feature Extraction
Creators: name: Soh, Cheng Lock, Donny
name: Bala Krishnan, Sivaneasan
name: Abraham, Jacob
name: Lai, Kai Xian
name: Tseng, King Jet
name: Fu, Jimmy Yongyi
Publisher: name: Singapore Institute of Technology
Year: 2023
Subjects: Electrical energy transmission, networks and systems

description: Detection of partial discharge (PD) in switchgears requires extensive data collection and time-consuming analyses. Data from real live operational environments pose great challenges in the development of robust and efficient detection algorithms due to overlapping PDs and the strong presence of random white noise. This paper presents a novel approach using clustering for data cleaning and feature extraction of phase-resolved partial discharge (PRPD) plots derived from live operational data. A total of 452 PRPD 2D plots collected from distribution substations over a sixmonth period were used to test the proposed technique. The output of the clustering technique is evaluated on different types of machine learning classification techniques and the accuracy is compared using balanced accuracy score. The proposed technique extends the measurement abilities of a portable PD measurement tool for diagnostics of switchgear condition, helping utilities to quickly detect potential PD activities with minimal human manual analysis and higher accuracy.
CONGRuENTS (COsmic-ray, Neutrino, Gamma-ray and Radio Non-Thermal Spectra). I. A predictive model for galactic non-thermal emission
Creators: name: Roth, Matt A.
name: Krumholz, Mark R.
name: Crocker, Roland M.
name: Thompson, Todd A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The total luminosity and spectral shape of the non-thermal emission produced by cosmic rays depends on their interstellar environment, a dependence that gives rise to correlations between galaxies' bulk properties -- star formation rate, stellar mass, and others -- and their non-thermal spectra. Understanding the physical mechanisms of cosmic ray transport, loss, and emission is key to understanding these correlations. Here, in the first paper of the series, we present a new method to compute the non-thermal spectra of star-forming galaxies, and describe an open-source software package -- COsmic-ray, Neutrino, Gamma-ray and Radio Non-Thermal Spectra (CONGRuENTS) -- that implements it. As a crucial innovation, our method requires as input only a galaxy's effective radius, star formation rate, stellar mass, and redshift, all quantities that are readily available for large samples of galaxies and do not require expensive, spatially resolved gas measurements. From these inputs we derive individual, galaxy-by-galaxy models for the background gas and radiation field through which cosmic rays propagate, from which we compute steady state cosmic ray spectra for hadronic and leptonic particles in both the galactic disc and halo by solving the full kinetic equation. We invoke modern models for cosmic ray transport and include all significant emission and loss mechanisms. In this paper we describe the model and validate it against non-thermal emission measured in nearby star-forming galaxies that span four orders of magnitude in star formation rate.
description: 23 pages, 14 figures, 1 table, accepted for publication in MNRAS
EM-Based Mixture Models Applied to Video Event Detection
Creators: name: Coelho, Alessandra Martins
name: Estrela, Vania V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Surveillance system (SS) development requires hi-tech support to prevail over the shortcomings related to the massive quantity of visual information from SSs. Anything but reduced human monitoring became impossible by means of its physical and economic implications, and an advance towards an automated surveillance becomes the only way out. When it comes to a computer vision system, automatic video event comprehension is a challenging task due to motion clutter, event understanding under complex scenes, multilevel semantic event inference, contextualization of events and views obtained from multiple cameras, unevenness of motion scales, shape changes, occlusions and object interactions among lots of other impairments. In recent years, state-of-the-art models for video event classification and recognition include modeling events to discern context, detecting incidents with only one camera, low-level feature extraction and description, high-level semantic event classification, and recognition. Even so, it is still very burdensome to recuperate or label a specific video part relying solely on its content. Principal component analysis (PCA) has been widely known and used, but when combined with other techniques such as the expectation-maximization (EM) algorithm its computation becomes more efficient. This chapter introduces advances associated with the concept of Probabilistic PCA (PPCA) analysis of video event and it also aims at looking closely to ways and metrics to evaluate these less intensive EM implementations of PCA and KPCA.
description: 25 pages, 8 figures, Available from: http://www.intechopen.com/books/principal-component-analysis-engineering-applications/em-based-mixture-models-applied-to-video-event-detection, Chapter from book "Principal Component Analysis - Engineering Applications", Dr. Parinya Sanguansat (Ed.), InTech, 2012. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1404.1100 by other authors
Cache-enabled Device-to-Device Communications: Offloading Gain and Energy Cost
Creators: name: Chen, Binqiang
name: Yang, Chenyang
name: Molisch, Andreas F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: By caching files at users, content delivery traffic can be offloaded via device-to-device (D2D) links if a helper user is willing to transmit the cached file to the user who requests the file. In practice, the user device has limited battery capacity, and may terminate the D2D connection when its battery has little energy left. Thus, taking the battery consumption allowed by the helper users to support D2D into account introduces a reduction in the possible amount of offloading. In this paper, we investigate the relationship between offloading gain of the system and energy cost of each helper user. To this end, we introduce a user-centric protocol to control the energy cost for a helper user to transmit the file. Then, we optimize the proactive caching policy to maximize the offloading opportunity, and optimize the transmit power at each helper to maximize the offloading probability. Finally, we evaluate the overall amount of traffic offloaded to D2D links and evaluate the average energy consumption at each helper, with the optimized caching policy and transmit power. Simulations show that a significant amount of traffic can be offloaded even when the energy cost is kept low.
description: A part of this work was published in IEEE WCNC 2016 with title "Energy Costs for Traffic Offloading by Cache-enabled D2D Communications"
Duality group actions on fermions
Creators: name: Pantev, T.
name: Sharpe, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this short paper we look at the action of T-duality and string duality groups on fermions, in maximally-supersymmetric theories and related theories. Briefly, we argue that typical duality groups such as SL(2,Z) have sign ambiguities in their actions on fermions, and propose that pertinent duality groups be extended by Z_2, to groups such as the metaplectic group. Specifically, we look at duality groups arising from mapping class groups of tori in M theory compactifications, T-duality, ten-dimensional type IIB S-duality, and (briefly) four-dimensional N=4 super Yang-Mills, and in each case, propose that the full duality group is a nontrivial Z_2 extension of the duality group acting on bosonic degrees of freedom, to more accurately describe possible actions on fermions. We also walk through U-duality groups for toroidal compactifications to nine, eight, and seven dimensions, which enables us to perform cross-consistency tests of these proposals.
description: 20 pages, LaTeX; v2: references added
CTD2022: Improved Track Reconstruction Performance for Long-lived Particles in ATLAS
Creators: name: Burzynski, Jackson Carl
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: Searches for long-lived particles (LLPs) are among the most promising avenues for discovering physics beyond the Standard Model at the LHC. However, displaced signatures are notoriously difficult to identify due to their ability to evade standard object reconstruction strategies. In particular, the default ATLAS track reconstruction applies strict pointing requirements which limit sensitivity to charged particles originating far from the primary interaction point. To recover efficiency for LLPs decaying within the tracking detector volume, ATLAS employs a dedicated large-radius tracking (LRT) pass with loosened pointing requirements, taking as input the hits left over from the primary track reconstruction. During Run 2 of the LHC, the LRT implementation was highly efficient but suffered from a large number of incorrectly reconstructed track candidates ("fakes") which prohibited it from being run in the standard reconstruction chain. Instead, a small subset of the data was preselected for LRT reconstruction using information from the standard object reconstruction. In preparation for LHC Run 3, ATLAS has completed a major effort to improve both standard and large-radius track reconstruction performance which allows for LRT to run in all events, expanding the potential phase-space of LLP searches and streamlining their analysis workflow. This talk will highlight the above achievement and report on the readiness of the ATLAS detector for track-based LLP searches in Run 3.
Skinner's Scientific Spectrum: Issue 4 - July/August 2024 (Bumper Issue)
Creators: name: Skinner, Neo
name: Chapman, Oliver
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 490402
subject: Algebraic and differential geometry
classificationCode: 510302
subject: Classical and physical optics
classificationCode: 340211
subject: Transition metal chemistry
classificationCode: 340208
subject: Non-metal chemistry
classificationCode: 340704
subject: Theoretical quantum chemistry
classificationCode: 310504
subject: Epigenetics (incl. genome methylation and epigenomics)
classificationCode: 490203
subject: Mathematical aspects of classical mechanics, quantum mechanics and quantum information theory
classificationCode: 510802
subject: Foundations of quantum mechanics
classificationCode: 500317
subject: Philosophy of science (excl. history and philosophy of specific fields)
classificationCode: 510303
subject: Electrostatics and electrodynamics
classificationCode: 400802
subject: Electrical circuits and systems
classificationCode: 510301
subject: Acoustics and acoustical devices; waves
classificationCode: 490303
subject: Numerical solution of differential and integral equations
classificationCode: 321102
subject: Cancer diagnosis
classificationCode: 321101
subject: Cancer cell biology
classificationCode: 320213
subject: Medical genetics (excl. cancer genetics)

description: Skinner's Scientific Spectrum is a monthly newsletter published for STEM educators and students. In this issue, articles include: The Painter Really Should Reconsider...; Not Quite a Rainbow; Espresso Metal-ini; More Than Just Your Genes: The Epigenome.; The Collapse of the Wavefunction; The Kilogram Is Dead, Long Live the Kilogram; Smile and Wave; and Rase-ing a Mutant: PCR in Cancer Diagnosis.
Optimization and first electronic implementation of the Constant-Fraction Time-Over-Threshold pulse shape discrimination method
Creators: name: Roy, A.
name: Vartsky, D.
name: Mor, I.
name: Boiano, C.
name: Brambilla, S.
name: Riboldi, S.
name: Cohen, E. O.
name: Yehuda-Zada, Y.
name: Beck, A.
name: Arazi, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this contribution we report on further investigations of the recently-evaluated Constant-Fraction Time-over-Threshold (CF-ToT) method for neutron/gamma-ray pulse shape discrimination (PSD). The superiority of the CF-ToT PSD method over the constant-threshold (CT-ToT) method was previously demonstrated, down to low neutron energy thresholds of 100 keVee. Here, we report on a quantitative comparison between the traditionally used Charge Comparison (CC) method and the CF-ToT method using a stilbene scintillator coupled to a silicon photomultiplier, implementing an offline analysis of recorded fast-neutron and gamma-ray waveforms. An optimization of the constant fraction value indicates that a 20%-fraction yields the optimum figure-of-merit (FOM) and gamma-ray peak-to-valley (P/V) ratio. The results obtained for a particle energy threshold of 100 keVee show that the FOM and P/V values achieved with the CF-ToT method are superior to those obtained using the standard CC method. In addition, a first electronic implementation of the CF-ToT method was performed using simple circuitry suitable for multichannel architecture. Initial results obtained with this circuit prototype are presented.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures. To be submitted to JINST
Adiabatic Regularization for Gauge Field and the Conformal Anomaly
Creators: name: Chu, Chong-Sun
name: Koyama, Yoji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct the adiabatic regularization method for a $U(1)$ gauge field in a conformally flat spacetime by quantizing in the canonical formalism the gauge fixed $U(1)$ theory with mass terms for the gauge fields and the ghost fields. We show that the adiabatic expansion for the mode functions and the adiabatic vacuum can be defined in a similar way using WKB-type solutions as the scalar fields. As an application of the adiabatic method, we compute the trace of the energy momentum tensor and reproduces the known result for the conformal anomaly obtained by the other regularization methods. The availability of the adiabatic expansion scheme for gauge field allows one to study the renormalization of the de-Sitter space maximal superconformal Yang-Mills theory using the adiabatic regularization method.
description: 22 pages. no figure. v2: ref added and typos corrected
High Throughput Opportunistic Cooperative Device-to-Device Communications With Caching
Creators: name: Chen, Binqiang
name: Yang, Chenyang
name: Wang, Gang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: To achieve the potential in providing high throughput for cellular networks by device-to-device (D2D) communications, the interference among D2D links should be carefully managed. In this paper, we propose an opportunistic cooperation strategy for D2D transmission by exploiting the caching capability at the users to control the interference among D2D links. We consider overlay inband D2D, divide the D2D users into clusters, and assign different frequency bands to cooperative and non-cooperative D2D links. To provide high opportunity for cooperative transmission, we introduce a caching policy. To maximize the network throughput, we jointly optimize the cluster size and bandwidth allocation, where the closed-form expression of the bandwidth allocation factor is obtained. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed strategy can provide 400%-500% throughput gain over traditional D2D communications when the content popularity distribution is skewed, and can provide 60%-80% gain even when the content popularity distribution is uniform.
description: A part of this work was published in IEEE VTCSpring 2016 [arXiv:1603.04664]
Timing analysis of the 2022 outburst of the accreting millisecond X-ray pulsar SAX J1808.4$-$3658: hints of an orbital shrinking
Creators: name: Illiano, Giulia
name: Papitto, Alessandro
name: Sanna, Andrea
name: Bult, Peter
name: Ambrosino, Filippo
name: Zanon, Arianna Miraval
name: Zelati, Francesco Coti
name: Stella, Luigi
name: Altamirano, Diego
name: Baglio, Maria Cristina
name: Bozzo, Enrico
name: Burderi, Luciano
name: de Martino, Domitilla
name: Di Marco, Alessandro
name: di Salvo, Tiziana
name: Ferrigno, Carlo
name: Loktev, Vladislav
name: Marino, Alessio
name: Ng, Mason
name: Pilia, Maura
name: Poutanen, Juri
name: Salmi, Tuomo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a pulse timing analysis of NICER observations of the accreting millisecond X-ray pulsar SAX J1808.4$-$3658 during the outburst that started on 2022 August 19. Similar to previous outbursts, after decaying from a peak luminosity of $\simeq 1\times10^{36} \, \mathrm{erg \, s^{-1}}$ in about a week, the pulsar entered in a $\sim 1$ month-long reflaring stage. Comparison of the average pulsar spin frequency during the outburst with those previously measured confirmed the long-term spin derivative of $\dotν_{\textrm{SD}}=-(1.15\pm0.06)\times 10^{-15} \, \mathrm{Hz\,s^{-1}}$, compatible with the spin-down torque of a $\approx 10^{26} \, \mathrm{G \, cm^3}$ rotating magnetic dipole. For the first time in the last twenty years, the orbital phase evolution shows evidence for a decrease of the orbital period. The long-term behaviour of the orbit is dominated by a $\sim 11 \, \mathrm{s}$ modulation of the orbital phase epoch consistent with a $\sim 21 \, \mathrm{yr}$ period. We discuss the observed evolution in terms of a coupling between the orbit and variations in the mass quadrupole of the companion star.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures, 1 table. Accepted for publication in ApJ Letters
Analysis of Scanned Probe Images for Magnetic Focusing in Graphene
Creators: name: Bhandari, Sagar
name: Lee, Gil-Ho
name: Kim, Philip
name: Westervelt, Robert M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use a cooled Scanning Probe Microscope (SPM) to electron motion in nanoscale devices. The charged tip of the SPM is raster scanned at a constant height above the surface as the conductance of the device is measured. The image charge scatters electrons away, changing the path of electrons through the sample.1-3 Using this technique, we have imaged cyclotron orbits3 for ballistic hBN-graphene-hBN devices that flow between two narrow contacts in the magnetic focusing regime. Here we present an analysis of our magnetic focusing imaging results based on the effects of the tip-created charge density dip on the motion of ballistic electrons. The density dip locally reduces the Fermi energy, creating a force that pushes electrons away from the tip. When the tip is above the cyclotron orbit, electrons are deflected away from the receiving contact, creating an image by reducing the transmission between contacts. The data and our analysis suggest that graphene edge is rather rough, and electrons scattering off the edge bounce in random directions. However, when the tip is close to the edge it can enhance transmission by bouncing electrons away from the edge, toward the receiving contact. Our results demonstrate that a cooled SPM is a promising tool to investigate the motion of electrons in ballistic graphene devices.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures, Scanned Probe Imaging in Graphene
Quantum phase gate Based on Electromagnetically Induced Transparency in Optical Cavities
Creators: name: Borges, Halyne S.
name: Villas-Bôas, Celso J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically investigate the implementation of a quantum phase gate in a system constituted by a single atom inside an optical cavity, based on the electromagnetically induced transparency effect. Firstly we show that a probe pulse can experience a $π$ phase shift due to the presence or absence of a classical control field. Considering the interplay of the cavity-EIT effect and the quantum memory process, we demonstrated a controlled phase gate between two single photons. To this end, firstly one needs to store a (control) photon in the ground atomic states. In the following, a second (target) photon must impinge on the atom-cavity system. Depending on the atomic state, this second photon will be either transmitted or reflected, acquiring different phase shifts. This protocol can then be easily extended to multiphoton systems, i.e., keeping the control photon stored, it may induce phase shifts in several single photons, thus enabling the generation of multipartite entangled states. We explore the relevant parameter space in the atom-cavity system that allows the implementation of quantum phase gates using the recent technologies. In particular we have found a lower bound for the cooperativity of the atom-cavity system which enables the implementation of phase shift on single photons. The induced shift on the phase of a photonic qubit and the controlled phase gate between single photons, combined with optical devices, enable to perform universal quantum computation.
Variability survey of brightest stars in selected OB associations
Creators: name: Laur, Jaan
name: Kolka, Indrek
name: Eenmäe, Tõnis
name: Tuvikene, Taavi
name: Leedjärv, Laurits
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The stellar evolution theory of massive stars remains uncalibrated with high-precision photometric observational data mainly due to a small number of luminous stars that are monitored from space. Automated all-sky surveys have revealed numerous variable stars but most of the luminous stars are often overexposed. Targeted campaigns can improve the time base of photometric data for those objects. The aim of this investigation is to study the variability of luminous stars at different timescales in young open clusters and OB associations. We monitored 22 open clusters and associations from 2011 to 2013 using a 0.25-m telescope. Variable stars were detected by comparing the overall light-curve scatter with measurement uncertainties. Variability was analysed by the light curve feature extraction tool FATS. Periods of pulsating stars were determined using the discrete Fourier transform code SigSpec. We then classified the variable stars based on their pulsation periods and available spectral information. We obtained light curves for more than 20000 sources of which 354 were found to be variable. Amongst them we find 80 eclipsing binaries, 31 $α$ Cyg, 13 $β$ Cep, 62 Be, 16 slowly pulsating B, 7 Cepheid, 1 $γ$ Doradus, 3 Wolf-Rayet and 63 late-type variable stars. Up to 55% of these stars are potential new discoveries as they are not present in the Variable Star Index (VSX) database. We find the cluster membership fraction for variable stars to be 13% with an upper limit of 35%.
description: 36 pages, 11 figures, catalogue in appendix A
Effects of an induced electric field on π^{-}/π^{+} ratio in heavy-ion collisions
Creators: name: Wei, Gao-Feng
name: Dong, Shi-Hai
name: Cao, Xin-Wei
name: Zhang, Yun-Liang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using an isospin- and momentum-dependent transport model, we examine the effects of an electric field induced by a variable magnetic field on the π^{-}/π^{+} ratio in central to peripheral heavy-ion collisions at beam energies of 400 and 1500MeV/nucleon. It is shown that while the induced electric field does not affect the total multiplicities of both $π^{-}$ and $π^{+}$ mesons at both the lower beam energy of 400MeV/nucleon and the higher beam energy of 1500MeV/nucleon, it reduces (enhances) the emission of $π^{-}$ ($π^{+}$) mesons in midrapidity, but enhances (reduces) the emission of $π^{-}$ ($π^{+}$) mesons in forward and backward rapidities especially for the more peripheral collisions at the lower beam energy because of the rapidly transient variable magnetic field at more peripheral collisions and longer reaction duration time at the lower beam energy. These findings indicate that the total π^{-}/π^{+} ratio is still a precisely reliable probe of symmetry energy at both the lower and higher beam energies, but one should consider the induced electric field when using the differential π^{-}/π^{+} ratio to probe the symmetry energy especially for the lower beam energy and more peripheral collisions. Finally, the relative suppression factor based on the ratio of π^{-}/π^{+} in different rapidities is proposed to be an effective probe of the induced electric field generated in heavy-ion collisions due to its maximizing effects of induced electric fields on the differential π^{-}/π^{+} ratio but minimizing effects of some uncertainty factors in heavy-ion collisions.
description: 7 pages, 15 figures, Accepted for publication in Physical Review C
Parametric frequency mixing in the magneto-elastically driven FMR-oscillator
Creators: name: Chang, C. L.
name: Lomonosov, A. M.
name: Janusonis, J.
name: Vlasov, V. S.
name: Temnov, V. V.
name: Tobey, R. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate the nonlinear frequency conversion of ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) frequency by optically excited elastic waves in a thin metallic film on dielectric substrates. Time-resolved probing of the magnetization directly witnesses magneto-elastically driven second harmonic generation, sum- and difference frequency mixing from two distinct frequencies, as well as parametric downconversion of each individual drive frequency. Starting from the Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equations, we derive an analytical equation of an elastically driven nonlinear parametric oscillator and show that frequency mixing is dominated by the parametric modulation of FMR frequency.
Filter-feeding, near-field flows, and the morphologies of colonial choanoflagellates
Creators: name: Kirkegaard, Julius B.
name: Goldstein, Raymond E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Cell Behavior (q-bio.CB)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Efficient uptake of nutrients from the environment is an important component in the fitness of all microorganisms, and its dependence on size may reveal clues to the origins of evolutionary transitions to multicellularity. Because potential benefits in uptake rates must be viewed in the context of other costs and benefits of size, such as varying predation rates and the increased metabolic costs associated with larger and more complex body plans, the uptake rate itself is not necessarily that which is optimized by evolution. Uptake rates can be strongly dependent on local organism geometry and its swimming speed, providing selective pressure for particular arrangements. Here we examine these issues for choanoflagellates, filter-feeding microorganisms that are the closest relatives of the animals. We explore the different morphological variations of the choanoflagellete $Salpingoeca~rosetta$, which can exist as a swimming cell, a sessile thecate cell, and as colonies of cells in various shapes. In the absence of other requirements and in a homogeneously nutritious environment, we find that the optimal strategy to maximize filter feeding by the collar of microvilli is to swim fast, which favours swimming unicells. In large external flows, the sessile thecate cell becomes advantageous. Effects of prey diffusion are discussed and also found to be to the advantage of the swimming unicell.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures
Measurement of the total cross section at 8 TeV and the inelastic cross section at 13 TeV at the LHC with the ATLAS detector
Creators: name: Stenzel, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: New measurements from ATLAS at the LHC are presented on the total cross section at $\sqrt{s}=8$ TeV from elastic scattering using the ALFA sub-detector and on the inelastic cross section at $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV using the MBTS sub-detector.
description: Proceedings for Diffraction 2016 conference, 4 pages, 4 figures
CTD2022: Towards a Track Condensation Network
Creators: name: DeZoort, Gage
name: Duarte, Javier Mauricio
name: Thais, Savannah Jennifer
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: Tracker data is naturally represented as a graph by embedding tracker hits as nodes and hypothesized particle trajectories as edges. Edge-classifying graph neural networks (GNNs) have demonstrated powerful performance in rejecting unphysical edges from such graphs, yielding a set of disjoint subgraphs that ideally correspond to individual tracks. Post-processing modules, for example clustering algorithms like DBSCAN, are typically applied to the edge-weighted graphs to find tracks. In this work, we consider a learned approach track clustering in a GNN pipeline. Our results are based on object condensation, a multi-objective learning framework designed to perform clustering and property prediction in one shot. Key results will be shown at each stage of this pipeline, including graph construction, edge classification, track hit clustering, noise rejection, and track property prediction.
Imaging Electron Motion in a Few Layer MoS2 Device
Creators: name: Bhandari, Sagar
name: Wang, Ke
name: Watanabe, Kenji
name: Taniguchi, Takashi
name: Kim, Philip
name: Westervelt, Robert M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ultrathin sheets of MoS2 are a newly discovered 2D semiconductor that holds great promise for nanoelectronics. Understanding the pattern of current flow will be crucial for developing devices. In this talk, we present images of current flow in MoS2 obtained with a Scanned Probe Microscope (SPM) cooled to 4 K. We previously used this technique to image electron trajectories in GaAs/AlGaAs heterostructures and graphene. The charged SPM tip is held just above the sample surface, creating an image charge inside the device that scatters electrons. By measuring the change in resistance ΔR while the tip is raster scanned above the sample, an image of electron flow is obtained. We present images of electron flow in an MoS2 device patterned into a hall bar geometry. A three-layer MoS2 sheet is encased by two hBN layers, top and bottom, and patterned into a hall-bar with multilayer graphene contacts. An SPM image shows the current flow pattern from the wide contact at the end of the device for a Hall density n = 1.3x10^12 cm^-2. The SPM tip tends to block flow, increasing the resistance R. The pattern of flow was also imaged for a narrow side contact on the sample. At density n = 5.4x10^11 cm^-2; the pattern seen in the SPM image is similar to the wide contact. The ability to image electron flow promises to be very useful for the development of ultrathin devices from new 2D materials.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, Scanned Probe Imagine in MoS2
Hydrogen atom wave function and eigen energy in the Rindler space
Creators: name: Dai, De-Chang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the hydrogen atom eigenstate energy and wave function in the Rindler space. The probability distribution is tilted because the electric field of the nucleus is no longer spherically symmetric. The hydrogen atom therefore cannot be treated exactly in the same way as what it is in an inertial frame. We also find that if the external force accelerates only the nucleus and then the nucleus accelerates its surrounding electrons through electromagnetic force, the electrons can tunnel through the local energy gap and split the hydrogen atom into an ion. This is similar to what one expects from the Stark effect. However, the critical acceleration is about $3\times 10^{22} m/s^2$. It is well beyond the gravitational acceleration on a regular star surface.
description: 8 figures, 8 pages, accepted by Physics Letters A
The study of Thai stock market across the 2008 financial crisis
Creators: name: Kanjamapornkul, K.
name: Pinčák, Richard
name: Bartoš, Erik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Statistical Finance (q-fin.ST)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: The cohomology theory for financial market can allow us to deform Kolmogorov space of time series data over time period with the explicit definition of eight market states in grand unified theory. The anti-de Sitter space induced from a coupling behavior field among traders in case of a financial market crash acts like gravitational field in financial market spacetime. Under this hybrid mathematical superstructure, we redefine a behavior matrix by using Pauli matrix and modified Wilson loop for time series data. We use it to detect the 2008 financial market crash by using a degree of cohomology group of sphere over tensor field in correlation matrix over all possible dominated stocks underlying Thai SET50 Index Futures. The empirical analysis of financial tensor network was performed with the help of empirical mode decomposition and intrinsic time scale decomposition of correlation matrix and the calculation of closeness centrality of planar graph.
description: 18 pages, 11 figures, 1 table
CTD2022: One person's trash is another person's treasure: expanding physics reach with unused tracks
Creators: name: Sanderswood, Izaac
name: De Gennaro, Alessandro
name: Martinez Vidal, Fernando
name: Merli, Andrea
name: Spadaro Norella, Elisabetta
name: Tonani, Giorgia
name: Fu, Jinlin
name: Ruiz Vidal, Joan
name: Henry, Louis
name: Garcia Martin, Luis Miguel
name: Neri, Nicola
name: Aiola, Salvatore
name: Hou, Ying-Rui
name: Wang, Ziyi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: The physics reach of the LHCb detector can be extended by reconstructing particles with a long lifetime that decay downstream of the dipole magnet, using only hits in the furthest tracker from the interaction point. This allows for electromagnetic dipole moment measurements, and increases the reach of beyond the Standard Model long-lived particle searches. However, using tracks to reconstruct particles decaying in this region is challenging, particularly due to the increased combinatorics and reduced momentum and vertex resolutions, which is why it has not been done until now. New approaches have been developed to meet the challenges and obtain worthwhile physics from these previously unused tracks. This talk presents the feasibility demonstration studies performed using Run-2 data, as well as new developments that expand these techniques for further gains in Run-3.
Latest Results from VERITAS: Gamma 2016
Creators: name: Holder, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The VERITAS imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescope array has been observing the northern TeV sky with four telescopes since summer 2007. Over 50 gamma-ray sources have been studied, including active and starburst galaxies, pulsars and their nebulae, supernova remnants and Galactic binary systems. We review here some of the most recent VERITAS results, and discuss the status and prospects for collaborative work with other gamma-ray instruments, and with multimessenger observatories.
description: Contribution to the 6th International Symposium on High-Energy Gamma-Ray Astronomy (Gamma2016), Heidelberg, Germany
CTD2022: LHCb's Forward Tracking algorithm for the Run 3 CPU-based online track reconstruction sequence
Creators: name: Günther, André
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: In Run 3 of the LHC the LHCb experiment faces very high data rates containing beauty and charm hadron decays. Thus the task of the trigger is not to select any beauty and charm events, but to select those containing decays interesting for the LHCb physics programme. LHCb has therefore implemented a real-time data processing strategy to trigger directly on fully reconstructed events. The first stage of the purely software-based trigger is implemented on GPUs performing a partial event reconstruction. In the second stage of the software trigger, the full, offline-quality event reconstruction is performed on CPUs, with a crucial part being track reconstruction, balancing track finding efficiency, fake track rate and event throughput. In this talk, LHCb's CPU-based track reconstruction sequence for Run 3 is presented, highlighting the "Forward Tracking", which is the algorithm that reconstructs charged particle trajectories traversing all of LHCb's tracking detectors. To meet event throughput requirements, the "Forward Tracking" uses SIMD instructions in several core parts of the algorithm, such as the Hough transform and cluster search. These changes led to an event throughput improvement of the algorithm of 60%.
Nanocomposite RE-Ba-Cu-O bulk superconductors
Creators: name: Iida, Kazumasa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nanocomposite oxide high-temperature bulk superconductors can be used as quasi-magnets. Thanks to the recent progress of material processing, quasi-magnet with 26 mm diameter can generate a large field of 17.6 T at 26 K. These results are highly attractive for applications, involving levitation of permanent magnets on the bulk superconductors. Indeed, several other applications such as motors and magnetic resonance microscope using bulk superconductors have been proposed and demonstrated. In this chapter, we describe several techniques to improve the magnetic properties for bulk superconductors together with some basics such as phase diagrams and solidifications.
description: Book Title: Oxide Thin Films, Multilayers, and Nanocomposites Eds. by Paolo Mele, Tamio Endo, Shunichi Arisawa, Chaoyang Li, Tetsuo Tsuchiya
Scl-1013644: a CEMP-s star in the Sculptor Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxy
Creators: name: Salgado, C.
name: Da Costa, G. S
name: Yong, D.
name: Norris, J. E
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent studies of the Milky Way and its satellites have paid special attention to the importance of carbon-enhanced metal-poor (CEMP) stars due to their involvement in Galactic formation history and their possible connection with the chemical elements originating in the first stellar generation. In an ongoing study of red giants in the Sculptor dwarf galaxy we have discovered a star with extremely strong CN and CH molecular bands. This star, Scl-1013644, has previously been identified by Geisler et al. (2005) as a star with an enrichment in the heavy elements. Spectrum synthesis has been used to derive the carbon, nitrogen and barium abundances for Scl-1013644. Our findings are [C/Fe] = +0.8, [N/Fe] = -0.3 and [Ba/Fe] = +2.1 with the latter result consistent with the value found by Geisler et al. (2005). These results reveal Scl-1013644 as a CEMP-s star, the third such star discovered in this dwarf galaxy.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, 3 tables
A new MC-based method to evaluate the fission fraction uncertainty at reactor neutrino experiment
Creators: name: Ma, X. B.
name: Qiu, R. M.
name: Chen, Y. X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Uncertainties of fission fraction is an important uncertainty source for the antineutrino flux prediction in a reactor antineutrino experiment. A new MC-based method of evaluating the covariance coefficients between isotopes was proposed. It was found that the covariance coefficients will varying with reactor burnup and which may change from positive to negative because of fissioning balance effect, for example, the covariance coefficient between $^{235}$U and $^{239}$Pu changes from 0.15 to -0.13. Using the equation between fission fraction and atomic density, the consistent of uncertainty of fission fraction and the covariance matrix were obtained. The antineutrino flux uncertainty is 0.55\% which does not vary with reactor burnup, and the new value is about 8.3\% smaller.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures, conference
Second order differential equations for bosons with spin j > 1 and in the bases of general tensor-spinors of rank-2j
Creators: name: Guzman, V. M. Banda
name: Kirchbach, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A boson of spin-j>1 can be described in one of the possibilities within the Bargmann-Wigner framework by means of one sole differential equation of order twice the spin, which however is known to be inconsistent as it allows for non-local, ghost and acausally propagating solutions, all problems which are difficult to tackle. The other possibility is provided by the Fierz-Pauli framework which is based on the more comfortable to deal with second order Klein-Gordon equation, but it needs to be supplemented by an auxiliary condition. Although the latter formalism avoids some of the pathologies of the high-order equations, it still remains plagued by some inconsistencies such as the acausal propagation of the wave fronts of the (classical) solutions within an electromagnetic environment. We here suggest a method alternative to the above two that combines their advantages while avoiding the related difficulties. Namely, we suggest one sole strictly (j,0)+ (0,j) representation specific second order differential equation, which is derivable from a Lagrangian and whose solutions do not violate causality. The equation under discussion presents itself as the product of the Klein-Gordon operator with a momentum independent projector on Lorentz irreducible representation spaces constructed from one of the Casimir invariants of the spin-Lorentz group. The basis used is that of general tensor-spinors of rank-2j.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1604.06772
Corrected Newtonian potentials in the two-body problem with applications
Creators: name: Anisiu, M. -C.
name: Szücs-Csillik, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The paper deals with an analytical study of various corrected Newtonian potentials. We offer a complete description of the corrected potentials, for the entire range of the parameters involved. These parameters can be fixed for different models in order to obtain a good concordance with known data. Some of the potentials are generated by continued fractions, and another one is derived from the Newtonian potential by adding a logarithmic correction. The zonal potential, which models the motion of a satellite moving in the equatorial plane of the Earth, is also considered. The range of the parameters for which the potentials behave or not similarly to the Newtonian one is pointed out. The shape of the potentials is displayed for all the significant cases, as well as the orbit of Raduga-1M 2 satellite in the field generated by the continued fractional potential U3, and then by the zonal one. For the continued fractional potential U2 we study the basic problem of the existence and linear stability of circular orbits. We prove that such orbits exist and are linearly stable. This qualitative study offers the possibility to choose the adequate potential, either for modeling the motion of planets or satellites, or to explain some phenomena at galactic scale.
description: 22 pages, 8 figures
Extraction of the strong coupling with HERA and EIC inclusive data
Creators: name: Cerci, Salim
name: Demiroglu, Zuhal Seyma
name: Deshpande, Abhay
name: Newman, Paul R.
name: Schmookler, Barak
name: Sunar Cerci, Deniz
name: Wichmann, Katarzyna
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2023
Subjects: electron nucleon, colliding beams
higher-order, 2
EIC
DESY HERA Stor
neutral current
strong coupling
quantum chromodynamics
deep inelastic scattering
sensitivity
dijet

description: The sensitivity to the strong coupling $\alpha_S(M^2_Z)$ is investigated using existing Deep Inelastic Scattering data from HERA in combination with projected future measurements from the Electron Ion Collider (EIC) in a next-to-next-to-leading order QCD analysis. A potentially world-leading level of precision is achievable when combining simulated inclusive neutral current EIC data with inclusive charged and neutral current measurements from HERA, with or without the addition of HERA inclusive jet and dijet data. The result can be obtained with significantly less than one year of projected EIC data at the lower end of the EIC centre-of-mass energy range. Some questions remain over the magnitude of uncertainties due to missing higher orders in the theoretical framework.