cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Animation of reactive fluids
Creators: name: Gates, William Franklin
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This thesis presents a general method for the integrated computer animation of the shape and shading of multiple reactive fluids in complex environments. This method advances the state of the art in fluid animation in three basic ways. First, it applies to a much larger class of fluid phenomena than previously addressed in computer graphics: both gases and liquids containing chemically reactive species. Second, it integrates a simple yet powerful procedural animation method for modelling both chemical and thermal reactions and their effects on the appearance and behaviour of simulated fluids. Third, and perhaps most significantly, it provides greater control: the desired flow can be specified at any location as well as the degree to which the simulation should be constrained to match it. We use the Navier-Stokes equations for incompressible flow as a general model of fluid motion and numerically solve these equations with finite differences on a fixed, uniform grid using techniques adapted from computational fluid dynamics for the specific requirements of computer animation. We illustrate the effectiveness of our method by applying it to a number of scenarios that would be difficult to animate using existing techniques.
Rating in Microfinance: Cross-Country Evidence
Creators: name: Hartarska, Valentina M.
name: Hartarska, Valentina M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Financial Economics

description: This paper studies whether microfinance rating agencies were able to impose market discipline on microfinance institutions (MFIs) during the period 1998-2002. Results indicate that not all rating agencies had equal impact. While some rating agencies were able to promote better sustainability, there is some weak evidence that rating by a particular rater might have induce moral hazard, whereby after receiving good rating, MFIs had worse performance perhaps because in some regions several raters operated simultaneously. Evidence also suggests that subsidized rating does not encourage improvements in sustainability and has negative impact on outreach. Rating by some individual raters helped MFIs to raise additional funds.
Additional file 5 of Comparative gene expression profiling between optic nerve and spinal cord injury in Xenopus laevis reveals a core set of genes inherent in successful regeneration of vertebrate central nervous system axons
Creators: name: Belrose, Jamie L.
name: Prasad, Aparna
name: Sammons, Morgan A.
name: Gibbs, Kurt M.
name: Szaro, Ben G.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 5. Scatterplot representation of the Principal Component Analyses (PCA) of gene expression profiles. Ellipses group biological replicates for each indicated condition (experimentals, solid squares; controls, empty squares), indicating variation among samples. A-C, PCA of tadpole and juvenile hindbrain after spinal cord injury (SCI), and of juvenile frog after optic nerve crush (ONC), respectively. In C, expression profiles from the operated eye were compared with those of the contralateral, unoperated eyes within the same animals. D, PCA of all 17 conditions combined, supporting the tissue-specific nature of gene expression profiles. Conditions were the same as in A-C, except that data from eyes of animals receiving no injury was included (open triangles, Frog Eye, Unop). E, PCA of tadpole and juvenile frog hindbrain samples after spinal cord injury, supporting the conclusion that the differences in gene expression profiles between the time points at which numbers of differentially expressed genes reached their peaks (3 days in juvenile frog hindbrain and 1 week in tadpole hindbrain) were more than just a kinetic difference in the timing of expression of the same differentially expressed genes. Abbreviations: ONC, optic nerve crush; PC1, principal component axis 1; PC2, Principal Component axis 2; SCI, spinal cord injured; TX, spinal cord transected; Unop ONC - unoperated eye, contralateral to the operated eye; Frog Eye, Unop - eyes from unoperated animals; wk., week.
Schemes to Regulate Non-Point Water Pollution: Making Sense of Experimental Results
Creators: name: Pushkarskaya, Helen N.
name: Pushkarskaya, Helen N.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy

description: Three theoretical non-point water pollution control schemes were tested repeatedly in experimental studies - tax-subsidy scheme (K. Segerson, 1988), collective fining (Xepapadeas, 1991) and random fining (Xepapadeas, 1991). Camacho and Requate (2004) summarized results reported by Spraggon (2002), Vossler et al (2002), Cochard et al (2002), and Alpizar et al (2004) and replicated their experiments. In this paper I will discuss similarity and differences among all the reported results and in particular the following two. First, both collective fining and random fining induce abatement under the target, their performance deteriorates over time, and is relatively consistent over the replications. Second, tax-subsidy scheme induced abatement over the target, its performance is consistent over time, but not over the replications. Three different theories offer an explanation of how individuals behave as members of a group: non-cooperative game theory (individuals choose to maximize their individual profits), cooperative game theory (individuals within a group choose a coalition that would maximize profit of each member of the coalition), evolutionary game theory (individuals choose to maximize their relative profits - difference between individual profit and average profit in the group). Each of these theories suggests a specific equilibrium for each of the nonpoint control schemes mentioned above, but individually does not explain experimental results. I will demonstrate that multi-objective optimization, where individuals are interested in maximizing a bundle (individual profit; payoff from a coalition, relative profit) is consistent with experimental data and accounts for recognized individual differences in players within a group (i.e. Kurzban & Houser, 2005).
Why pentaquarks are seen in some experiments and not in others
Creators: name: Lipkin, Harry J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The $Θ^+$ Pentaquark is a Very narrow $Γ\approx 1$ MeV KN Resonance. Why do some experiments see it and others do not? The lowest quark configuration that can describe it is exotic $uudd \bar s$. Why have no exotics been seen before? Is this the beginning of a new spectroscopy? Can it help toteach us about How QCD makes hadrons from quarks and gluons?
description: 4 pages
Flexural response of concurrently 3D printed sandwich composite
Creators: name: S, Bharath H
name: Bonthu, Dileep
name: Gururaja, Suhasini
name: Prabhakar, Pavana
name: Doddamani, Mrityunjay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Among many lightweight materials used in marine applications, sandwich structures with syntactic foam core are promising because of lower water uptake in foam core amid face-sheets damage. HDPE (high-density polyethylene) filament is used to 3D print sandwich skin, and glass microballoon (GMB) reinforced HDPE syntactic foam filaments are used for the core. The optimized parameters are used to prepare blends of 20, 40, and 60 volume % of GMB in HDPE. These foamed blends are extruded in filament form to be subsequently used in commercially available fused filament fabrication (FFF) based 3D printers. The defect-free syntactic foam core sandwich composites are 3D printed concurrently for characterizing their flexural behavior. The printed HDPE, foam cores, and sandwiches are tested under three-point bending mode. The addition of GMB increases both specific modulus and strength in sandwich composites and is highest for the sandwich having a core with 60 volume % of GMB. The flexural strength, fracture strength, and strain of foam core sandwiches registered superior response than their respective cores. The experimental results are found in good agreement compared with theoretical predictions. Finally, the failure mode of the printed sandwich is also discussed.
Solving all 4-point correlation functions for bosonic open string theory in the high energy limit
Creators: name: Chan, Chuan-Tsung
name: Ho, Pei-Ming
name: Lee, Jen-Chi
name: Teraguchi, Shunsuke
name: Yang, Yi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the implication of decoupling zero-norm states in the high-energy limit, for the 26 dimensional bosonic open string theory. Infinitely many linear relations among 4-point functions are derived algebraically, and their unique solution is found. Equivalent results are also obtained by taking the high-energy limit of Virasoro constraints, and as an independent check, we compute all 4-point functions of 3 tachyons and an arbitrary massive state by saddle-point approximation.
description: 30 pages, one figure, further typos corrected
Quantification of the expected residual dispersion of the MICADO Near-IR imaging instrument
Creators: name: Born, J. A. van den
name: Jellema, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: MICADO, a near-infrared imager for the Extremely Large Telescope, is being designed to deliver diffraction limited imaging and 50 micro arcsecond ($μ$as) astrometric accuracy. MICADO employs an atmospheric dispersion corrector (ADC) to keep the chromatic elongation of the point spread function (PSF) under control. We must understand the dispersion and residuals after correction to reach the optimum performance. Therefore, we identified several sources of chromatic dispersion that need to be considered for the MICADO ADC. First, we compared common models of atmospheric dispersion to investigate whether these models remain suitable for MICADO. We showed that the differential dispersion between common atmospheric models and integration over the full atmosphere is less than 10 $μ$as for most observations in H-band. We then performed an error propagation analysis to understand the uncertainty in the atmospheric dispersion as a function of atmospheric conditions. In addition, we investigated the impact of photometric color on the astrometric performance. While the differential refraction between stars within the same field of view can be significant, the inclusion of an ADC rendered this effect negligible. For MICADO specifically, we found that the current optomechanical design dominates the residual dispersion budget of 0.4 milli arcseconds (mas), with a contribution of 0.31 mas due to the positioning accuracy of the prisms and up to 0.15 mas due to a mismatch between the dispersive properties of the glass and the atmosphere. We found no showstoppers in the design of the MICADO ADC for achieving 50 $μ$as relative astrometric accuracy.
description: Submitted to Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. Contains 11 pages and 12 figures
Increasing Returns and Spatial Unemployment Disparities
Creators: name: Suedekum, Jens
name: Suedekum, Jens
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Regional Unemployment
subject: Economic Geography
subject: Increasing Returns
subject: Wage Curve
subject: Migration
subject: Labor Mobility

description: Regional unemployment rates in the European Union (EU-15) reveal a core-periphery structure. Large "core" regions in the middle of the continent have low unemployment rates, whereas excessive mass unemployment is predominantly found in the peripheral regions at the outside borders of EU-15. This geographical pattern of unemployment rates follows the pattern of GDP per capita. That is, the regions with low (high) unemployment rates on average have comparatively high (low) real income levels. In this paper we try to understand this stylised fact with the help of a theoretical model that builds on two strings in the literature: the recent trade and location theories (like the ´new economic geography´) and the ´wage curve´. Standard models of the new location theories deal with regional disparities in production and income, but they usually assume full employment and are thus ill-equipped to study spatial unemployment disparities. The wage curve-approach, which explicitly shows how disparities in real wages and unemployment rates are interrelated, can not endogenously explain the origin of these asymmetries. In this paper, we combine these previously unrelated strings and develop a unified theoretical framework. We show that a core-periphery in real wages is associated and magnified by regional unemployment disparities. This wage curve relation is stable over time with an increasing returns technology. That is, the wage curve does not vanish as workers move from the periphery to the core, but it is rather reinforced by migration. These theoretical predictions of our model are in line with the empirical evidence.
Additional file 6 of Comparative gene expression profiling between optic nerve and spinal cord injury in Xenopus laevis reveals a core set of genes inherent in successful regeneration of vertebrate central nervous system axons
Creators: name: Belrose, Jamie L.
name: Prasad, Aparna
name: Sammons, Morgan A.
name: Gibbs, Kurt M.
name: Szaro, Ben G.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 6. A summary list of all DESR genes, sorted by primary functional category and time point of differential expression, along with relevant references supporting the functional assignment. Note that genes were assigned their human gene ortholog symbols, without reference to whether they were L or S homeologs, or paralogs.
Investment Policies and Telecommunications Regimes
Creators: name: Drabek, Zdenek
name: Drabek, Zdenek
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: International Economic Order
subject: WTO
subject: NAFTA
subject: Trade Negotiations
subject: International Investment
subject: Telecommunications Services

description: This paper looks at the role of the key international agreements in the process of liberalization of the telecommunications industry. We analyse in particular the role of the WTO agreement in furthering liberalization around the world, and the extent to which it provides protection for foreign investors. The analysis includes assessments of not only market access but also the treatment of property rights, rights of way, financial conditions and regulations as well as issues related to market structure and competition. Outstanding issues representing impediments of these agreements are also identified. The approach is to a large extent based on a comparison with other relevant international agreements, especially with NAFTA. The WTO agreement comes out of the analysis quite well. It is an important instrument of protecting and safeguarding market access for foreign investors even though, undoubtedly, several areas of the agreement will be subject to pressures for further negotiations. Dieses Papier befasst sich mit der Rolle der bedeutendsten internationalen Abkommen im Liberalisierungsprozess der Telekommunikation. Speziell fragen wir nach dem Beitrag des WTO-Abkommens zur weltweiten Liberalisierung und nach dem Schutz, den es ausländischen Investoren gewährt. Die Analyse umfasst die Beurteilung der Regelungen über Marktzugang, Eigentumsrechte, Wegerechte, finanzielle Bedingungen und Regulierungen sowie Fragen der Marktstruktur und des Wettbewerbs. Ferner werden die noch offenen Probleme behandelt. Der Ansatz beruht in einem erheblichen Maße auf einem Vergleich mit anderen relevanten internationalen Abkommen, insbesondere NAFTA. Das WTO-Abkommen schneidet bei dieser Untersuchung recht gut ab. Es ist ein bedeutendes Instrument zur Sicherung des Marktzugangs für ausländische Anbieter, auch wenn zu erwarten ist, dass für Teile des Abkommens Druck zur Aufnahme weiterer Verhandlungen entstehen wird.
Additional file 3 of Comparative gene expression profiling between optic nerve and spinal cord injury in Xenopus laevis reveals a core set of genes inherent in successful regeneration of vertebrate central nervous system axons
Creators: name: Belrose, Jamie L.
name: Prasad, Aparna
name: Sammons, Morgan A.
name: Gibbs, Kurt M.
name: Szaro, Ben G.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 3. Temporal patterns of gene expression and shared injury-response genes between regenerative vs. non-regenerative tissues, as determined by DESeq2. A) Regenerative tissues [i.e., SCI tadpole hindbrain (SCI Tadpole) and ONC juvenile frog eye (ONC Juvenile)] shared similar temporal patterns of numbers of significant (FDR
Projectile Transverse Momentum Controls Emission in Electron Vortex Ionization Collisions
Creators: name: Plumadore, A.
name: Harris, A. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The realization of electron vortex beams in the past decade has led to numerous proposed applications in fields from electron microscopy to control and manipulation of individual molecules. Yet despite the many unique characteristics and promising advantages of electron vortex beams, such as transverse momentum and quantized orbital angular momentum, there remains a limited understanding of their fundamental interactions with matter at the atomic scale. Collisions between electron vortex projectiles and atomic targets can provide some insight into these interactions and we present here fully differential cross sections for ionization of excited state atomic hydrogen targets using electron vortex projectiles. We show that the projectile's transverse momentum causes the ionized electron angular distributions to be altered compared to non-vortex projectiles and that the ionized electron's ejection angle can be controlled by adjustment of the vortex opening angle, a feature unique to vortex projectiles. Additionally, an inherent uncertainty in the projectile's momentum transfer leads to a broadening of the classical binary peak, making signatures of the target electron density more readily observable. Fully differential cross sections for aligned 2p targets exhibit structures that can be used to determine the alignment.
Measuring the role of surface chemistry in silicon microphotonics
Creators: name: Borselli, Matthew
name: Johnson, Thomas J.
name: Painter, Oskar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The silicon/silicon dioxide (Si/SiO2) interface plays a crucial role in the performance, cost, and reliability of most modern microelectronic devices, from the basic transistor to flash memory, digital cameras, and solar cells. Today the gate oxide thickness of modern transistors is roughly 5 atomic layers, with 8 metal wire layers required to transport all the signals within a microprocessor. In addition to the increasing latency of such reduced-dimension metal wires, further "Moore's Law" scaling of transistor cost and density is predicted to saturate in the next decade. As a result, silicon-based microphotonics is being explored for the routing and generation of high-bandwidth signals. In comparison to the extensive knowledge of the electronic properties of the Si/SiO2 interface, little is known about the optical properties of Si surfaces used in microphotonics. In this Letter, we explore the optical properties of the Si surface in the telecommunication-relevant wavelength band of 1400-1600 nm. Utilizing a high quality factor (Q ~ 1.5x10^6) optical microresonator to provide sensitivity down to a fractional surface optical loss of 10^-7, we show that optical loss within Si microphotonic components can be dramatically altered by Si surface preparation, with fraction loss of 2 x 10^-5 measured for chemical oxide surfaces as compared to <2 x 10^-6 for hydrogen-terminated Si surfaces. These results indicate that the optical properties of Si surfaces can be significantly and reversibly altered by standard microelectronics treatments, and that stable, high optical quality surface passivation layers will be critical in future Si micro- and nano-photonic systems.
title: An Agent-Based Combat Simulation Framework in Support of Effect-Based and Net-Centric Evaluation
Creators: name: Bowen, Robert Joseph
Publisher: name: Old Dominion University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: The use of information technologies (IT) and information networks has proliferated in industry as a method to achieve competitive advantage. The U.S. Military and its allies, in recent years, have employed IT to improve the way they conduct operations, speed decision making, and increase the span of control of commanders. This has resulted in a fundamental shift in the way military commanders employ combat units today. These (Information Age) forces no longer have to be able to see each other or even communicate directly in order to synchronize maneuvers. Dispersion is now favored over mass, relying on the IT network to enable the massing of effects rather than the massing of forces to achieve the decisive result.

Modern military theorists are seeking to take the IT advancements a step further and harness the power of information networks to produce a competitive advantage on the battlefield just as they have done for the business community. Network Centric Operations (NCO) is the term applied to this concept but no organized structure to the theory yet exists. One problem hampering this research is the lack of a combat model that bridges the gap between the complex environment of the battlefield and the network models to be studied. Legacy simulations rely on geographically driven, attrition based models to adjudicate entity interactions and are therefore ill suited to depict modern military theory.

The purpose of this research is to demonstrate the feasibility of employing Agent Based Modeling (ABM) to provide command and control, focusing on the small unit tactical/operational level of combat down to the individual platform that directs the performance of basic combat tasks. The entities respond to mission type orders in order to test the concepts of NCO in a complex environment and to evaluate the potential for future development and analysis of multi-level command and control structures and capabilities enhancements.

This model shows that ABM can be employed to create small scale network centric models and observe realistic complex behaviors in a simple battlefield environment. While ABM is computationally intensive, it demonstrates the effect of environmental and effects-based constraints on system performance, it is robust enough to handle complex interactions, and it has the potential to support additional levels of complexity and more advanced control networks.
Testing for Convergence Clubs in Income Per-Capita: A Predictive Density Approach
Creators: name: Canova, Fabio
name: Canova, Fabio
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: International Development
subject: Heterogeneities
subject: Panel Data
subject: Predictive Density
subject: Income Inequality

description: The paper proposes a technique to jointly tests for groupings of unknown size in the cross sectional dimension of a panel and estimates the parameters of each group, and applies it to identifying convergence clubs in income per-capita. The approach uses the predictive density of the data, conditional on the parameters of the model. The steady state distribution of European regional data clusters around four poles of attraction with different economic features. The distribution of income per-capita of OECD countries has two poles of attraction and each group has clearly identifiable economics characteristics. In diesem Beitrag wird eine Methode vorgestellt, mit der es möglich ist, Gruppierungen von Querschnittsdaten von zunächst unbekanntem Umfang vorzunehmen und gleichzeitig die Parameterwerte jeder Gruppe zu schätzen. Diese Methode wird genutzt, um regionale Konvergenzclubs hinsichtlich des Pro-Kopf-Einkommens zu identifizieren. Im Falle europäischer Regionaldaten zeigt sich eine Steady-state Verteilung von vier Polen mit jeweils unterschiedlicher ökonomischer Ausprägung. Die Pro-Kopf- Einkommen der OECD Länder gruppieren sich um zwei Pole, wobei jede Gruppe deutlich unterscheidbare Merkmale aufweist.
A note on Harmonic Gauge(s) in Massive Gravity
Creators: name: Gambuti, Giulio
name: Maggiore, Nicola
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the harmonic gauge condition in linearized gravity, seen as a gauge theory for a symmetric tensor field. Once the harmonic gauge condition is implemented, as customary, according to the Faddeev-Popov procedure, the gauge fixed action still depends on one gauge parameter. Consequently, the harmonic gauge appears to be a class of conditions, rather than a particular one. This allows to give a physical motivation for the covariant harmonic gauge(s), which emerges when the gravitational perturbation is given a mass term. In fact, for a particular choice of harmonic gauge, we find a theory of linearized massive gravity displaying five degrees of freedom, as it should, and which is not affected by the vDVZ discontinuity, differently from what happens in the standard Fierz-Pauli theory.
description: 11 pages
The Ages of Globular Clusters in NGC 4365 Revisited with Deep HST Observations
Creators: name: Kundu, Arunav
name: Zepf, Stephen E.
name: Hempel, Maren
name: Morton, David
name: Ashman, Keith M.
name: Maccarone, Thomas J.
name: Kissler-Patig, Markus
name: Puzia, Thomas H.
name: Vesperini, Enrico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present new Hubble Space Telescope (HST)-NIC3, near-infrared H-band photometry of globular clusters (GC) around NGC 4365 and NGC 1399 in combination with archival HST-WCPC2 and ACS optical data. We find that NGC 4365 has a number of globular clusters with bluer optical colors than expected for their red optical to near-infrared colors and an old age. The only known way to explain these colors is with a significant population of intermediate-age (2-8 Gyr) clusters in this elliptical galaxy. In contrast, NGC 1399 reveals no such population. Our result for NGC 1399 is in agreement with previous spectroscopic work that suggests that its clusters have a large metallicity spread and are nearly all old. In the literature, there are various results from spectroscopic studies of modest samples of NGC 4365 globular clusters. The spectroscopic data allow for either the presence or absence of a significant population of intermediate-age clusters, given the index uncertainties indicated by comparing objects in common between these studies and the few spectroscopic candidates with optical to near-IR colors indicative of intermediate ages. Our new near-IR data of the NGC 4365 GC system with much higher signal-to-noise agrees well with earlier published photometry and both give strong evidence of a significant intermediate-age component. The agreement between the photometric and spectroscopic results for NGC 1399 and other systems lends further confidence to this conclusion, and to the effectiveness of the near-IR technique.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ Letters
Will There Be a Concentration of Alikes? The Impact of Labor Market Structure on Industry Mix in the Presence of Product Market Shocks
Creators: name: Stahl, Konrad
name: Walz, Uwe
name: Stahl, Konrad
name: Walz, Uwe
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Industrial Organization
subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: local labor market
subject: product market shocks
subject: industry structure
subject: imperfect competition

description: We analyze determinants of regional industry mix and focus especially on the influence of labor market characteristics. By combining a labor market pooling argument with an argument involving the cost of switching a worker from one firm to another, we show that in the presence of product market shocks there exists an interesting trade-off for the concentration of firms of the same industry in one region. Firms belonging to different industries are hedged against industry-specific shocks if they settle in the same region, but face higher switching costs (retraining costs for workers moving from one firm to another). In addition, with a given supply of labor there is an additional rationing effect affecting the location decisions of firms. Against the background of these trade-offs we analyze the resulting location decisions of firms in a two-regions-two-industry-four-firm framework. We analyze the impact of different parameters on the location choice of firms.
Origin of the metamagnetic transitions in Y1-xErxFe2(H,D)4.2 compounds
Creators: name: Paul-Boncour, V.
name: Isnard, O.
name: Shtender, V.
name: Skourski, Y.
name: Guillot, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The structural and magnetic properties of Y1-xErxFe2 intermetallic compounds and their hydrides and deuterides Y1-xErxFe2H(D)4.2 have been investigated using X-ray diffraction and magnetic measurements under static and pulsed magnetic field up to 60 T. The intermetallics crystallize in the C15 cubic structure , whereas corresponding hydrides and deuterides crystallize in a monoclinic structure. All compounds display a linear decrease of the unit cell volume versus Er concentration; the hydrides have a 0.8% larger cell volume compared to the deuterides with same Er content. They are ferrimagnetic at low field and temperature with a compensation point at x = 0.33 for the intermetallics and x = 0.57 for the hydrides and deuterides. A sharp first order ferromagnetic-antiferromagnetic (FM-AFM) transition is observed upon heating at TFM-AFM for both hydrides and deuterides. These compounds show two different types of field induced transitions, which have different physical origin. At low temperature (T < 50 K), a forced ferri-ferromagnetic metamagnetic transition with Btrans1 = 8 T, related to the change of the Er moments orientation from antiparallel to parallel Fe moment, is observed. Btrans1 is not sensitive to Er concentration, temperature and isotope effect. A second metamagnetic transition resulting from antiferromagnetic to ferrimagnetic state is also observed. The transition field Btrans2 increases linearly versus temperature and relates to the itinerant electron metamagnetic behavior of the Fe sublattice. An onset temperature TM0 is obtained by extrapolating TFM-AFM (B) at zero field. TM0 decreases linearly versus the Er content and is 45(5) K higher for the hydrides compared to the corresponding deuteride. The evolution of TM0 versus cell volume shows that it cannot be attributed exclusively to a pure volume effect and that electronic effects should also be considered.
description: 22 pages, 10 figures
Expectation management
Creators: name: Braathen, Johannes
name: Goodsell, Mark D.
name: Paßehr, Sebastian
name: Pinsard, Emanuelle
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2021

description: We consider the application of a Fleischer$-$Jegerlehner-like treatment of tadpoles to the calculation of neutral scalar masses (including the Higgs) in general theories beyond the Standard Model. This is especially useful when the theory contains new scalars associated with a small expectation value, but comes with its own disadvantages. We show that these can be overcome by combining with effective field theory matching. We provide the formalism in this modified approach for matching the quartic coupling of the Higgs via pole masses at one loop, and apply it to both a toy model and to the $\mu$NMSSM as prototypes where the standard treatment can break down.
Thermodynamic Geometry and Critical Behavior of Black Holes
Creators: name: Shen, Jianyong
name: Cai, Rong-Gen
name: Wang, Bin
name: Su, Ru-Keng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on the observations that there exists an analogy between the Reissner-Nordström-anti-de Sitter (RN-AdS) black holes and the van der Waals-Maxwell liquid-gas system, in which a correspondence of variables is $(ϕ, q) \leftrightarrow (V,P)$, we study the Ruppeiner geometry, defined as Hessian matrix of black hole entropy with respect to the internal energy (not the mass) of black hole and electric potential (angular velocity), for the RN, Kerr and RN-AdS black holes. It is found that the geometry is curved and the scalar curvature goes to negative infinity at the Davies' phase transition point for the RN and Kerr black holes. Our result for the RN-AdS black holes is also in good agreement with the one about phase transition and its critical behavior in the literature.
description: Revtex, 18 pages including 4 figures
Dynamics of Rotors on Refrigerant-Lubricated Gas Foil Bearings
Creators: name: Leister, Tim
Publisher: name: Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT)
Year: 2021
Subjects: Bifurkationsanalyse
Fluidschmierung
Gasfolienlager
Kaltdampfanlage
Luftfahrt
Rotordynamik
Thermodynamik
Tribologie
Trockene Reibung
Aeronautics
Bifurcation Analysis
Dry Friction
Fluid Film Lubrication
Gas Foil Bearing
Rotor Dynamics
Thermodynamics
Tribology
Vapor Cycle System

description: Die Technologie des Gasfolienlagers (GFB) zählt zu den Schlüsselfaktoren für den angestrebten Übergang zu ölfreien rotierenden Maschinen in zukünftigen Verkehrsmitteln. Neben zahlreichen Vorteilen hinsichtlich Größe, Gewicht, Effizienz und Sauberkeit bieten GFBs die einzigartige Möglichkeit einer Schmierung mit Arbeitsmedien wie Kältemitteln. Allerdings erweist sich die numerische Analyse kältemittelgeschmierter GFB-Rotor-Systeme als ein interdisziplinäres Problem von enormer Komplexität und mit Interessenkonflikten zwischen allumfassenden, aber effizienten Modellierungs- und Lösungsansätzen. In dieser Dissertation gelingt es, bisherige Machbarkeitsgrenzen auszuloten und zu überwinden, was eine neuartige Vorgehensweise zur Ermöglichung von Stabilitäts- und Bifurkationsanalysen eröffnet.
The Principal Conflict in Contemporary Russian Economic Thought: Traditional Approaches Against Economics
Creators: name: Zaostrovtsev, Andrei
name: Zaostrovtsev, Andrei
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Political Economy
subject: Russian Economic Thought
subject: Economic Nationalism
subject: Political Economy

description: The work deals with the ideological clashes in Russian economic thought after 1991. Based on Schumpeter's distinction between economic analysis and economic thought, the paper focuses on a principal conflict that divides a new generation of Western-minded scholars and traditional Russian political economists. This conflict, on the one hand, is described as an attempt of traditional political economists to keep their positions at the economic departments of the universities. The most vivid manifestation of the resistance to economics is the so-called Tsagolov School at Moscow State University. On the other hand, the conflict might be regarded as the reaction of Russian nationalism to the penetration of "alien" influences that are rather incompatible with the anti-individualist traditions of Russian social thought. The movement towards the creation of a "national political economy" based on holism and etatism is seen not only as an expression and a by-product of resistance to methodological individualism in economics, but also as implicitly state-induced ideological efforts in a period of transition to an autocratic regime in Russia.
Twistor spaces of generalized complex structures
Creators: name: Davidov, Johann
name: Mushkarov, Oleg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C15; 53C28

description: The twistor construction is applied for obtaining examples of generalized complex structures (in the sense of N. Hitchin) that are not induced by a complex or a symplectic structure.
description: revised version, 17 pages; corrected typos, added references, minor stylistic changes in the exposition
LegumBiome Innovations: Climate-Resilient Agriculture via Desert Legume Microbiota
Creators: name: Barnabé, João
name: Videira e Castro, Isabel
name: Vilchez, Juan Ignacio
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: In response to climate change, the LegumBiome Project investigates microbiota in desert-adapted legumes in the Mediterranean's Iberian Peninsula. Our 2023 study sampled 60 sites, identifying common legumes like Medicago sativa and Bituminaria bituminosa. Early 16S rRNA gene sequencing identified 460 bacterial isolates,including potential Plant Growth-Promoting Bacteria (PGPB) like Bacillus subtilis. Noteworthy was Paenarthrobacter nitroguajacolicus, suggesting nitrogen-fixing traits. This initiative highlights sustainable biotechnology's role in addressing climateinduced agricultural challenges.
Additional file 1 of Tuberculosis active case-finding interventions and approaches for prisoners in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic scoping review
Creators: name: Kuupiel, Desmond
name: Vezi, Portia
name: Bawontuo, Vitalis
name: Osei, Ernest
name: Tivani P. Mashamba-Thompson
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary file 1: Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) Checklist
Using EEG-based brain connectivity for the study of brain dynamics in brain-computer interfaces
Creators: name: Gaxiola-Tirado, J. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The analysis of brain connectivity aims to understand the emergence of functional networks into the brain. This information can be used in the process of electroencephalographic (EEG) signal analysis and classification for a braincomputer interface (BCI). These systems provide an alternative channel of communication and control to people with motor impairments. In this article, four strategies for using the brain connectivity in a BCI environment as a tool to obtain a deeper understanding of the cerebral mechanisms are proposed, with the principal aim of developing a scheme oriented to neuro-rehabilitation of gait in combination with different neurotechnologies and exoskeletons. This scheme would allow improving current schemes and/or to design new control strategies, as well as rehabilitation approaches.
description: in Spanish
Additional file 2 of Tuberculosis active case-finding interventions and approaches for prisoners in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic scoping review
Creators: name: Kuupiel, Desmond
name: Vezi, Portia
name: Bawontuo, Vitalis
name: Osei, Ernest
name: Tivani P. Mashamba-Thompson
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2: Supplementary file 2: Electronic databases search results for title screening
Additional file 1 of The effect of surgical approach in total hip replacement on outcomes: an analysis of 723,904 elective operations from the National Joint Registry for England, Wales, Northern Ireland and the Isle of Man
Creators: name: Blom, Ashley W.
name: Hunt, Linda P.
name: Gulraj S. Matharu
name: Reed, Michael R.
name: Whitehouse, Michael R.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1. Summary information including temporal trends of clinical practice, detailed demographics of the cohort divided by surgical approach, indications for revision surgery, and detailed analyses of patient reported outcome measures. Fig. S1. Numbers of primaries using each surgical approach in each year. Fig. S2. (a) Numbers of primaries using minimally invasive surgery (No vs. Yes), by year of primary, (b) Percentage of primaries using minimally invasive surgery, by year of primary. Fig. S3. Distribution of post-operative (Q2) OHS available for 237,660 hips, with a Normal distribution superimposed (OHS score range 0 to 48 with 48 being the best possible score). Table S1. Surgical approach by year of primary. Table S2. Numbers in the approach subgroups together with some demographic information. Table S3. Indications for revision surgery by surgical approach used at the primary procedure. Table S4. Comparison of pre-operative (Q1) PROMS Oxford Hip Scores (OHS) between the approach subgroups. Table S5. Comparison of PROMS OHS scores between the approach subgroups. Table S6. Comparison of the EQ-5D Health Scale (Visual Analogue Score) between the approach subgroups. Table S7. Comparison between the approach subgroups in respect of the responses to the 5 component questions of the PROMs EQ-5D Health Index: (a) Mobility, (b) Self care, (c) Usual activity, (d) Pain/discomfort, (e) Anxiety/depression. Table S8. Other PROMS - comparison of patient self-report post-operative (Q2) problems between the approach subgroups.
Die Bedeutung des Ms Vat. syr. 268 für die Evangelien-Überlieferung der Harklensis
Creators: name: Juckel, Andreas
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 83 (1999): Oriens christianus, Band 83
Optomechanical entanglement at room temperature: a simulation study with realistic conditions
Creators: name: Dixon, Kahlil Y.
name: Cohen, Lior
name: Bhusal, Narayan
name: Wipf, Christopher
name: Dowling, Jonathan P.
name: Corbitt, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum entanglement is the key to many applications like quantum key distribution, quantum teleportation, and quantum sensing. However, reliably generating quantum entanglement in macroscopic systems has proved to be a challenge. Here, we present a detailed analysis of ponderomotive entanglement generation which utilizes optomechanical interactions to create quantum correlations. We numerically calculate an entanglement measure -- the logarithmic negativity -- for the quantitative assessment of the entanglement. Experimental limitations, including thermal noise and optical loss, from measurements of an existing experiment were included in the calculation, which is intractable to solve analytically. This work will play an important role in the development of ponderomotive entanglement devices.
Twisted Alexander polynomials and surjectivity of a group homomorphism
Creators: name: Kitano, Teruaki
name: Suzuki, Masaaki
name: Wada, Masaaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57M25, 57M05

description: If phi: G-->G' is a surjective homomorphism, we prove that the twisted Alexander polynomial of G is divisible by the twisted Alexander polynomial of G'. As an application, we show non-existence of surjective homomorphism between certain knot groups.
description: Published by Algebraic and Geometric Topology at http://www.maths.warwick.ac.uk/agt/AGTVol5/agt-5-51.abs.html
A Note on the Appropriate Measure of Tax Burden on Foreign Direct Investment to the CEECs
Creators: name: Bellak, Christian
name: Leibrecht, Markus
name: Romisch, Roman
name: Bellak, Christian
name: Leibrecht, Markus
name: Romisch, Roman
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: Corporate income taxation
subject: Effective tax rate
subject: Foreign Direct Investment
subject: Multinational Enterprises

description: In this note we show that tax-rate elasticities of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) to Central and East European Countries (CEECs) derived from statutory corporate income tax rates (STRs) are likely to be flawed. From a conceptual point of view STRs are problematic as they neither capture tax base effects, nor effects of the home country, the international or the supranational tax laws on the corporate tax burden. Concerning FDI, from an empirical point of view STRs are questionable as their behavior over time and between country-pairs may be very different from that of the conceptually superior bilateral corporate effective average tax rates (BCEATRs). We compare the variability of STRs and BCEATRs of seven major home countries of FDI in eight major CEEC host countries during the period 1995-2005 via Levene-tests, using a unique dataset. Results confirm that using STRs instead of BCEATRs in empirical investigations of FDI is likely to result in too low tax-rate elasticities.
Implementation of DAFS on the Linux platform
Creators: name: Xu, Yue
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The rapid growth of the Internet drives research and industry in the field of network computing systems. Various such systems have been developed to provide better performance for Internet services. With the introduction of Virtual Interface (VI) and other new interconnect technologies, a new file access protocol - Direct Access File System (DAFS) is being proposed that may leverage these technologies to create a new network computing system. DAFS is based on NFS version 4. However, since it is for a local file sharing environment and built on new interconnection technologies, it is quite different from NFS version 4 in certain aspects. By eliminating the memory copy and operating system involvement during data transfer, DAFS has been shown to have much better performance than NFS version 4 has. Building a DAFS server in the Linux kernel is essentially the motivation behind this thesis. By implementing basic file operations in DAFS, we are able to compare the DAFS performance results with those from NFS systems. Focusing on the development of the file locking mechanism in DAFS, we are interested to see how two new locks introduced by DAFS - Persist Locks and AutoRecovery Locks - work in network file systems. In this thesis, we describe the VI technologies, DAFS protocol, and issues related to the design and implementation of a DAFS server in the Linux kernel. We also describe the file locking mechanism and the implementation related issues in DAFS.