cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Constructing an Early Warning Indicator under Seasonality and Asymmetry in Agricultural Product Price Distribution: The Case of Onion
Creators: name: Kim, Kwansoo
name: Kim, Kwansoo
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: early warning system
subject: asymmetry in agricultural product price distribution

description: The purpose of this paper was to construct an early warning system for major Korean agricultural products given a clear understanding of the patterns of agricultural product prices. An introduction of an early warning system in Korean agriculture is expected to help producers, consumers and policy makers as well in that it will increase the efficiency of a supply-demand stabilization policy of agricultural product prices. The literature on early warning system usually focuses on the mean of probability distribution and its deviation from the mean in order to identify critical points for constructing relevant stages of early warning: normal, attention, care, warning, and seriousness. In contrast, this paper utilizes the “median” of probability distribution and associated probability density in constructing such a stage. This turns out to be quite appropriate given the asymmetric nature of probability distribution of agricultural product prices. For a case study, this paper uses daily price data for onion for identifying critical points. Specifically, daily prices of 5 recent years are considered. The analysis is done in a monthly base to incorporate seasonality issues in green onion prices.
(1512) John Wilmot-Sitwell
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
On-surface design of a 2D cobalt-organic network preserving large orbital magnetic moment
Creators: name: Martín-Fuentes, Cristina
name: Parreiras, Sofia O.
name: Urgel, José I.
name: Rubio-Giménez, Víctor
name: Muñiz Cano, Beatriz
name: Moreno, Daniel
name: Lauwaet, Koen
name: Valvidares, Manuel
name: Valbuena, Miguel A.
name: Gargiani, Pierluigi
name: Kuch, Wolfgang
name: Camarero, Julio
name: Gallego, José M.
name: Miranda, Rodolfo
name: Martínez, José I.
name: Martí-Gastaldo, Carlos
name: Écija, David
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Density functional theory
subject: Fourier transforms
subject: Magnetic properties
subject: Quantum mechanics
subject: Scanning tunneling microscopy
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::539 Moderne Physik

description: The design of antiferromagnetic nanomaterials preserving large orbital magnetic moments is important to protect their functionalities against magnetic perturbations. Here, we exploit an archetype H6HOTP species for conductive metal–organic frameworks to design a Co-HOTP one-atom-thick metal–organic architecture on a Au(111) surface. Our multidisciplinary scanning probe microscopy, X-ray absorption spectroscopy, X-ray linear dichroism, and X-ray magnetic circular dichroism study, combined with density functional theory simulations, reveals the formation of a unique network design based on threefold Co+2 coordination with deprotonated ligands, which displays a large orbital magnetic moment with an orbital to effective spin moment ratio of 0.8, an in-plane easy axis of magnetization, and large magnetic anisotropy. Our simulations suggest an antiferromagnetic ground state, which is compatible with the experimental findings. Such a Co-HOTP metal–organic network exemplifies how on-surface chemistry can enable the design of field-robust antiferromagnetic materials.
К проблеме изучения исторического наследия профессиональных и научно- технических обществ в России. На примере Общества уральских горных техников
Creators: name: Ефремова Ульяна Павловна
name: Дудина Марина Михайловна
Publisher: name: История и педагогика естествознания
Year: 2020
Subjects: профессиональные союзы
научно-технические общества
общество уральских горных техников
развитие промышленности
Уральский регион
журнал «Уральский техник»
наука и техника Урала.

description: В статье ставится проблема изучения возникновения и функционирования профессиональных и научно-технических обществ в России и Уральском регионе. Обосновывается важность изучения этой проблемы для повышения эффективности экономики и возрождения промышленности в стране. Дается исторический анализ появления профессиональных и научно-технических обществ в стране и на Урале в конце XIX – начале XX века. Описывается исторический факт возникновения в Екатеринбурге общества уральских горных техников на базе горного училища. Раскрываются основные виды деятельности этого общества в дореволюционный период. Кратко рассматривается период деятельности общества до момента его закрытия. Дается анализ исторических исследований, направленных на изучение общества уральских горных техников и проблемы, связанные с изучением опыта и особенностей его функционирования.
Effects of interactions on the generalized Hong-Ou-Mandel effect
Creators: name: Gertjerenken, B.
name: Kevrekidis, P. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We numerically investigate the influence of interactions on the generalized Hong-Ou-Mandel (HOM) effect for bosonic particles and show results for the cases of $N=2$, $N=3$ and $N=4$ bosons interacting with a beam splitter, whose role is played by a $δ$-barrier. In particular, we focus on the effect of attractive interactions and compare the results with the repulsive case, as well as with the analytically available results for the non-interacting case (that we use as a benchmark). We observe a fermionization effect both for growing repulsive and attractive interactions, i.e., the dip in the HOM coincidence count is progressively smeared out, for increasing interaction strengths. The role of input asymmetries is also explored.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
Как зарождалась методика обучения химии: обращение к истокам
Creators: name: Телешов Сергей Владимирович
name: Аршанский Евгений Яковлевич
name: Мирюгина Татьяна Андреевна
Publisher: name: История и педагогика естествознания
Year: 2020
Subjects: история российского химического обучения
учебники химии
периодизация химического образования в России.

description: Рассмотрены ключевые моменты зарождения и становления методики обучения химии в Российской империи. Выделены основатели химического российского образования. Предложена авторская периодизация методики обучения химии, дан краткий обзор некоторых переводных и отечественных учебников химии и учебников, содержащих сведения по химии.
(1513) Harriette Aline Tennant
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Cavitation in a quark gluon plasma with finite chemical potential and several transport coefficients
Creators: name: Sanches, S. M.
name: Fogaça, D. A.
name: Navarra, F. S.
name: Marrochio, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effects of a finite chemical potential on the occurrence of cavitation in a quark gluon plasma (QGP). We solve the evolution equations of second order viscous relativistic hydrodynamics using three different equations of state. The first one was derived in lattice QCD and represents QGP at zero chemical potential. It was previously used in the study of cavitation. The second equation of state also comes from lattice QCD and is a recent parametrization of the QGP at finite chemical potential. The third one is similar to the MIT equation of state with chemical potential and includes nonperturbative effects through the gluon condensates. We conclude that at finite chemical potential cavitation in the QGP occurs earlier than at zero chemical potential. We also consider transport coefficients from a holographic model of a non-conformal QGP at zero chemical potential. In this case cavitation does not occur.
Investor Sentiment and Asset Valuation
Creators: name: Brown, Gregory W.
name: Cliff, Michael T.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2005

description: The link between asset valuation and investor sentiment is the subject of considerable debate in the profession. If excessive optimism drives prices above intrinsic values, periods of high sentiment should be followed by low returns, as market prices revert to fundamental values. Using survey data on investor sentiment, we provide evidence that sentiment affects asset valuation. Market pricing errors implied by an independent valuation model are positively related to sentiment. Future returns over multiyear horizons are negatively related to sentiment. These results are robust to the inclusion of other variables that have been shown to forecast stock returns.
Supplementary Figures from The evolution of early-life effects on social behaviour—why should social adversity carry over to the future?.
Creators: name: Kuijper, Bram
name: Johnstone, Rufus A.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 60102 Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Health Care
subject: Diseases
subject: 111706 Epidemiology
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 10202 Biological Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Supplementary Figures
Формирование взглядов мусульман на жителей Европы в Средние века
Creators: name: Алнаддаф Сафуан
Publisher: name: История и педагогика естествознания
Year: 2020
Subjects: образ иного европейца
арабские путешественники
исламская арабская перспектива
Крестовые походы
европейская история
Средние века.

description: Статья посвящена изучению истории средневековой Европы с арабо-мусульманской точки зрения – главным образом с опорой на записи арабских путешественников и труды историков и географов, – а также трансформации этой точки зрения на разных этапах в результате многих взаимодействующих факторов, столкновений и событий между двумя сторонами, которые в итоге позволили составить образ совершенно иного европейца. Актуальность исследования не ограничивается изучением истории Европы в представлении арабо-мусульман на определенном этапе и не включает подробности событий, которые мы находим только в арабских текстах, относящихся к этому периоду. Эта работа может служить дополнением самой арабо-мусульманской истории, потому что в ней освещается культурная составляющая и происхождение средневековых арабо-мусульман, механизм мышления и ментальности, а также оценки истории других народов и цивилизаций, особенно Европы. Все это повышает историческую осведомленность о психосоциальном состоянии средневековых арабов. Мы можем детально предположить, каким был образ европейских обществ в Средние века в представлении арабов-мусульман, основываясь на изучении различных арабских источников, и прийти к выводу о том, в какой степени эти труды отражают истинную картину истории европейских обществ в Средние века
Synthetic foundations of cevian geometry II: The center of the cevian conic
Creators: name: Minevich, Igor
name: Morton, Patrick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 51Axx, 51N10, 51N15

description: This paper continues the investigation of Part I, by studying the conic $\mathcal{C}_P$ on the five points $ABCPQ$, where $ABC$ is a given ordinary triangle and $Q$ is the isotomcomplement of $P$, defined as the complement of the isotomic conjugate $P'$ of $P$ with respect to triangle $ABC$. We show that $\mathcal{C}_P$ also lies on the points $P'$ and $Q'$, where $Q'$ is the isotomcomplement of $P'$. The conic $\mathcal{C}_P$ lies on six other points which are the images of the vertices of $ABC$ under the affine mapping $λ=T_{P'} \circ T_P^{-1}$ and its inverse, where $T_P$ and $T_{P'}$ are the unique affine maps taking $ABC$ to the cevian triangles of $P$ and $P'$, respectively. In the paper we characterize the center $Z$ of $\mathcal{C}_P$ as the unique fixed point of $λ$ in the extended plane, when $\mathcal{C}_P$ is a parabola or an ellipse, and the unique ordinary fixed point of $λ$, when $\mathcal{C}_P$ is a hyperbola. We also show that $Z=GV \cdot T_P(GV)$, where $G$ is the centroid of $ABC$ and $V=PQ \cdot P'Q'$. When $P$ is the Gergonne point of $ABC$, this gives a new characterization of the Feuerbach point $Z$. All of our arguments are purely synthetic.
description: 23 pages, 4 figures
Beginning Teachers’ Motivational Trajectories: Beginning Teacher Questionnaire (Panel 2021)
Creators: name: Núñez-Regueiro, Fernando
Publisher: name: OSF Registries
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Teacher Education and Professional Development
subject: Social Statistics
subject: Educational Psychology
subject: Education
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: This registration contains the Beginning Teachers Questionnaires (Panel 2021) for beginning teachers of the panel 2021.
Susceptibility of a two-level atom near an isotropic photonic band edge: transparency and band edge profile reconstruction
Creators: name: Prataviera, G. A.
name: de Oliveira, M. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the necessary conditions for a two-level system in the presence of an isotropic band edge to be transparent to a probe laser field. The two-level atom is transparent whenever it is coupled to a reservoir constituted of two parts - a flat and a non-flat density of modes representing a PBG structure. A proposal on the reconstruction of the band edge profile from the experimentally measured susceptibility is also presented.
description: 15 pages, 3 figures
Description of the analytical model from The evolution of early-life effects on social behaviour—why should social adversity carry over to the future?.
Creators: name: Kuijper, Bram
name: Johnstone, Rufus A.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 60102 Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Health Care
subject: Diseases
subject: 111706 Epidemiology
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 10202 Biological Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Description of the analytical model
(1515) William Riley Smith
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Organizational Form, Information Collection, and the Value of the Firm
Creators: name: Goldman, Eitan
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2005

description: In a multidivision firm, does the market collect less value-relevant information when the divisions are treated as a unit rather than when each division trades as a separate firm? We find that organizational form has a nontrivial impact on information collection. In particular, we find that a spin-off may lead to either an increase or a decrease in aggregate information collection. We further explore how this result affects firm value and the conditions for a value-increasing spin-off. Our results provide a novel rationale for why firms may choose to spin off a division or issue a tracking stock.
Co-evolution of BCGs and ICL using CLASH
Creators: name: Burke, Claire
name: Hilton, Matt
name: Collins, Chris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the stellar mass assembly in galaxy cluster cores using data from the Cluster Lensing and Supernova survey with Hubble (CLASH). We measure the growth of brightest cluster galaxy (BCG) stellar mass, the fraction of the total cluster light which is in the intracluster light (ICL) and the numbers of mergers that occur in the BCG over the redshift range of the sample, 0.18
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS. 17 pages, 15 figures, 5 tables
(1510) Guy Janion Edwards
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Solid-state optical absorption from optimally-tuned time-dependent range-separated hybrid density functional theory
Creators: name: Refaely-Abramson, Sivan
name: Jain, Manish
name: Sharifzadeh, Sahar
name: Neaton, Jeffrey B.
name: Kronik, Leeor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a framework for obtaining reliable solid-state charge and optical excitations and spectra from optimally-tuned range-separated hybrid density functional theory. The approach, which is fully couched within the formal framework of generalized Kohn-Sham theory, allows for accurate prediction of exciton binding energies. We demonstrate our approach through first principles calculations of one- and two-particle excitations in pentacene, a molecular semiconducting crystal, where our work is in excellent agreement with experiments and prior computations. We further show that with one adjustable parameter, set to produce an accurate bandgap, this method accurately predicts band structures and optical spectra of silicon and lithium flouride, prototypical covalent and ionic solids. Our findings indicate that for a broad range of extended bulk systems, this method may provide a computationally inexpensive alternative to many-body perturbation theory, opening the door to studies of materials of increasing size and complexity.
Supplementary Figures from The evolution of early-life effects on social behaviour—why should social adversity carry over to the future?
Creators: name: Kuijper, Bram
name: Johnstone, Rufus A.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 60102 Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Health Care
subject: Diseases
subject: 111706 Epidemiology
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 10202 Biological Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Supplementary Figures
(1507) Harry Wharfdale Tennant Garnett
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Estimation of Public Values of Forest in Korea: Using Choice Experiment Approach
Creators: name: Yoo, Jinchae
name: Yoo, Jinchae
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: sustainable forest management
subject: choice experiments
subject: non-market value

description: The purpose of this study was to evaluate forest public functions by using Choice Experiments(CE). Experts interview, focus groups interview and pilot surveys were implemented for efficiency of experimental design. Nine attributes including eight forest public functions and tax payments were selected to estimate public value of forest in Korea. Attributes were the storage and purification function of water, the reduction of soil erosion, the prevention of landslide, sequestration of CO2, formation of living environment, the recreational function of the forest, ecosystem protection, forest landscape improvement and tax payment. 508 citizens were selected using Stratified Sampling Methods, and surveyed by face-to-face interviews. Implicit prices of the attributive levels have been calculated into monetary value per household. The results showed that most preferable forest public functions were formation of living environment, the storage and purification function of water and sequestration of CO2. Results of this study could be used as useful quantitative information related to sustainable forest management in Korea.
Techno Developments in CS2
Creators: name: Castillo Acero, Miguel Á.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Clean Sky 2 Joint Undertaking
European Union (EU)
Horizon 2020
University
Matcomp
HLFC

description: Technological Development at Aernnova: Experience and opportunity to collaborate with Universities and Research Centers. This project has received funding from the Clean Sky 2 Joint Undertaking (JU) under grant agreement No 807097. The JU receives support from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme and the Clean Sky 2 JU members other than the Union. The results, opinions, conclusions, etc. presented in this work are those of the author(s) only and do not necessarily represent the position of the JU; the JU is not responsible for any use made of the information contained herein.
Axonal transport of the mitochondria-specific lipid, diphosphatidylglycerol, in the rat visual system
Creators: name: Morell, P.
name: Blaker, W. D.
name: Goodrum, J. F.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1981

description: Rats 24 d old were injected intraocularly with [2-3H]glycerol and [35S]methionine and killed 1 h-60 d later. 35S label in protein and 3H label in total phospholipid and a mitochondria-specific lipid, diphosphatidylglycerol(DPG), were determined in optic pathway structures (retinas, optic nerves, optic tracts, lateral geniculate bodies, and superior colliculi). Incorporation of label into retinal protein and phospholipid was nearly maximal 1 h postinjection, after which the label appeared in successive optic pathway structures. Based on the time difference between the arrival of label in the optic tract and superior colliculus, it was calculated that protein and phospholipid were transported at a rate of about 400 mm/d, and DPG at about half this rate. Transported labeled phospholipid and DPG, which initially comprised 3-5% of the lipid label, continued to accumulate in the visual structures for 6-8 d postinjection. The distribution of transported material among the optic pathway structures as a function of time differed markedly for different labeled macromolecules. Rapidly transported proteins distributed preferentially to the nerve endings (superior colliculus and lateral geniculate). Total phospholipid quickly established a pattern of comparable labeling of axon (optic nerve and tract) and nerve endings. In contrast, the distribution of transported labeled DPG gradually shifted toward the nerve ending and stabilized by 2-4 d. A model is proposed in which apparent "transport" of mitochondria is actually the result of random bidirectional saltatory movements of individual mitochondria which equilibrate them among cell body, axon, and nerve ending pools.
Nonerythrocyte spectrins: actin-membrane attachment proteins occurring in many cell types
Creators: name: Kelly, Thomas
name: Mangeat, Paul
name: Burridge, Keith
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1982

description: The properties of brain fodrin have been analyzed and compared with those of erythrocyte spectrin. Both proteins consist of high molecular weight polypeptide doublets on SDS polyacrylamide gels and in solution behave as very large asymmetric molecules. Both proteins show a characteristic increase in sedimentation coefficient in the presence of 20 mM KCl. Antibodies against the brain protein cross-react with erythrocyte spectrin and cross-react with similar high molecular weight doublet polypeptides in SDS polyacrylamide gels of other cell types and plasma membrane preparations. Both proteins bind actin. The brain protein and erythrocyte spectrin show specific and competitive binding to erythrocyte membranes and this binding is inhibited by antibodies against erythrocyte ankyrin. Several of these properties distinguish these proteins from the class of high molecular weight actin-binding proteins that includes filamin and macrophage actin-binding protein. We conclude that together with erythrocyte spectrin, the brain protein and equivalent, immunologically related proteins in other cell types belong to a single class of proteins with the common function of attachment of actin to plasma membranes. Based on the structural and functional similarities, the name spectrin would seem appropriate for this whole class of proteins.
The importance of the cosmic web and halo substructure for power spectra
Creators: name: Pace, Francesco
name: Manera, Marc
name: Bacon, David J.
name: Crittenden, Robert
name: Percival, Will J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we study the relevance of the cosmic web and substructures on the matter and lensing power spectra measured from halo mock catalogues extracted from the N-body simulations. Since N-body simulations are computationally expensive, it is common to use faster methods that approximate the dark matter field as a set of halos. In this approximation, we replace mass concentrations in N-body simulations by a spherically symmetric Navarro-Frenk-White halo density profile. We also consider the full mass field as the sum of two distinct fields: dark matter halos ($M>9\times 10^{12}~M_{\odot}$/h) and particles not included into halos. Mock halos reproduce well the matter power spectrum, but underestimate the lensing power spectrum on large and small scales. For sources at $z_{\rm s}=1$ the lensing power spectrum is underestimated by up to 40% at $\ell\approx 10^4$ with respect to the simulated halos. The large scale effect can be alleviated by combining the mock catalogue with the dark matter distribution outside the halos. In addition, to evaluate the contribution of substructures we have smeared out the intra-halo substructures in a N-body simulation while keeping the halo density profiles unchanged. For the matter power spectrum the effect of this smoothing is only of the order of 5%, but for lensing substructures are much more important: for $\ell\approx 10^4$ the internal structures contribute 30% of the total spectrum. These findings have important implications in the way mock catalogues have to be created, suggesting that some approximate methods currently used for galaxy surveys will be inadequate for future weak lensing surveys.
description: 16 pages, 18 figures, submitted to MNRAS
(1508) Francis Marianne Cumberland
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Supplementary Figures 1-15 from Variable DNA methylation in neonates mediates the association between prenatal smoking and birth weight.
Creators: name: Hannon, Eilis
name: Schendel, Diana
name: Ladd-Acosta, Christine
name: Grove, Jakob
name: Hansen, Christine Søholm
name: Hougaard, David Michael
name: Michaeline Bresnahan
name: Mors, Ole
name: Hollegaard, Mads Vilhelm
name: Bækvad-Hansen, Marie
name: Hornig, Mady
name: Mortensen, Preben Bo
name: Børglum, Anders D.
name: Werge, Thomas
name: Pedersen, Marianne Giørtz
name: Nordentoft, Merete
name: Buxbaum, Joseph D.
name: M. Daniele Fallin
name: Bybjerg-Grauholm, Jonas
name: Reichenberg, Abraham
name: Mill, Jonathan
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 60102 Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Health Care
subject: Diseases
subject: 111706 Epidemiology
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60408 Genomics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: There is great interest in the role epigenetic variation induced by non-genetic exposures may play in the context of health and disease. In particular, DNA methylation has previously been shown to be highly dynamic during the earliest stages of development and is influenced by in utero exposures such as maternal smoking and medication. In this study we sought to identify the specific DNA methylation differences in blood-associated prenatal exposures including birth weight, gestational age and maternal smoking. We quantified neonatal methylomic variation in 1263 infants using DNA isolated from a unique collection of archived blood spots taken shortly after birth (mean = 6.08 days; s.d. = 3.24 days). An epigenome-wide association study (EWAS) of gestational age and birth weight identified 4299 and 18 differentially methylated positions (DMPs) respectively, at an experiment-wide significance threshold of p −7. Our EWAS of maternal smoking during pregnancy identified 110 DMPs in neonatal blood, replicating previously reported genomic loci including AHRR. Finally, we tested the hypothesis that DNA methylation mediates the relationship between maternal smoking and lower birth weight, finding evidence that methylomic variation at three DMPs may link exposure to outcome. These findings complement an expanding literature on the epigenomic consequences of prenatal exposures and obstetric factors, confirming a link between the maternal environment and gene regulation in neonates.This article is part of the theme issue ‘Developing differences: towards an evolutionary medicine of early life effects’.
The cytoskeletal system of nucleated erythrocytes. I. Composition and function of major elements
Creators: name: Nemhauser, Iris
name: Bartelt, Diana
name: Jaeger, Richard
name: Cohen, William D.
name: Langford, George
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1982

description: We have studied the dogfish erythrocyte cytoskeletal system, which consists of a marginal band of microtubules (MB) and trans-marginal band material (TBM). The TBM appeared in whole mounts as a rough irregular network and in thin sections as a surface-delimiting layer completely enclosing nucleus and MB. In cells incubated at 0 degrees C for 30 min or more, the MB disappeared but the TBM remained. MB reassembly occurred with rewarming, and was inhibited by colchicine. Flattened elliptical erythrocyte morphology was retained even when MBs were absent. Total solubilization of MB and TBM at low pH, or dissolution of whole anucleate cytoskeletons, yielded components comigrating with actin, spectrin, and tubulin standards during gel electrophoresis. Mass-isolated MBs, exhibiting ribbonlike construction apparently maintained by cross-bridges, contained four polypeptides in the tubulin region of the gel. Only these four bands were noticeably increased in the soluble phase obtained from cells with 0 degrees C- disassembled MBs. The best isolated MB preparations contained tubulin but no components comigrating with high molecular weight microtubule- associated proteins, spectrin, or actin. Actin and spectrin therefore appear to be major TBM constituents, with tubulin localized in the MB. The results are interpreted in terms of an actin- and spectrin- containing subsurface cytoskeletal layer (TBM), related to that of mammalian erythrocytes, which maintains cell shape in the absence of MBs. Observations on abnormal pointed erythrocytes containing similarly pointed MBs indicate further that the MB can deform the TBM from within so as to alter cell shape. MBs may function in this manner during normal cellular morphogenesis and during blood flow in vivo.
Lepton-mass effects in the decays $H \to ZZ^{\ast} \to \ell^{+} \ell^{-} τ^{+} τ^{-}$ and $H \to WW^{\ast} \to \ell ντν_τ$
Creators: name: Berge, Stefan
name: Groote, Stefan
name: Körner, Jürgen G.
name: Kaldamäe, Lauri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider lepton-mass effects in the cascade decays $H\to Z(\to \ell^{+} \ell^{-})+Z^{\ast}(\to τ^{+}τ^{-})$ and $H\to W^{-}(\to \ell^{-}\bar ν_{\ell})+W^{+\ast}(\to τ^{+}ν_τ)$. Since the scale of the problem is set by the off-shellness $q^{2}$ of the respective gauge bosons in the limits $(m_{\ell}+m_{\ell'})^{2} \le q^{2} \le (m_{H}-m_{W,Z})^{2}$ and not by $m_{W,Z}^{2}$, lepton-mass effects are non-negligible for the $τ$ modes in particular close to the threshold of the off-shell decays. Lepton-mass effects show up e.g.\ in the three-fold joint angular decay distribution for the decays. Nonzero lepton masses lead to leptonic helicity-flip contributions which in turn can generate novel angular dependencies in the respective three-fold angular decay distributions. Lepton-mass effects are more pronounced in the $H \to Z(\to \ell\ell)Z^{\ast}(\toττ)$ mode which, in part, is due to the fact that the ratio of lepton helicity flip/nonflip contributions in the decay $Z^{\ast} \to \ell^{+}\ell^{-}$ is four times larger than in the decay $W^{+\ast}\to \ell^{+}ν$. We also briefly consider the corresponding off-shell -- off-shell decays $H\to Z^{\ast}(\to \ell^{+}\ell^{-})+Z^{\ast}(\to τ^{+}τ^{-})$ and $H\to W^{-\ast}(\to \ell^{-}\bar ν_{\ell})+W^{+\ast}(\to τ^{+}ν_τ)$.
description: 45 pages, 9 figures and 6 tables, published version
Description of the analytical model from The evolution of early-life effects on social behaviour—why should social adversity carry over to the future?
Creators: name: Kuijper, Bram
name: Johnstone, Rufus A.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 60102 Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Health Care
subject: Diseases
subject: 111706 Epidemiology
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 10202 Biological Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Description of the analytical model
Ab initio Studies of Magnetism in the Iron Chalcogenides FeTe and FeSe
Creators: name: Hirayama, Motoaki
name: Misawa, Takahiro
name: Miyake, Takashi
name: Imada, Masatoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The iron chalcogenides FeTe and FeSe belong to the family of iron-based superconductors. We study the magnetism in these compounds in the normal state using the ab initio downfolding scheme developed for strongly correlated electron systems. In deriving ab initio low-energy effective models, we employ the constrained GW method to eliminate the double counting of electron correlations originating from the exchange correlations already taken into account in the density functional theory. By solving the derived ab initio effective models, we reveal that the elimination of the double counting is important in reproducing the bicollinear antiferromagnetic order in FeTe, as is observed in experiments. We also show that the elimination of the double counting induces a unique degeneracy of several magnetic orders in FeSe, which may explain the absence of the magnetic ordering. We discuss the relationship between the degeneracy and the recently found puzzling phenomena in FeSe as well as the magnetic ordering found under pressure.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures, 5 tables
Biogenesis of Porin of the Outer Mitochondrial Membrane Involves an Import Pathway via Receptors and the General Import Pore of the Tom Complex
Creators: name: Krimmer, Thomas
name: Forte, Michael
name: Ryan, Michael T.
name: Neupert, Walter
name: Kassenbrock, C. Kenneth
name: Nargang, Frank E.
name: Rapaport, Doron
name: Meisinger, Chris
name: Douglas, Michael G.
name: Blachly-Dyson, Elizabeth
name: Pfanner, Nikolaus
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2001

description: Porin, also termed the voltage-dependent anion channel, is the most abundant protein of the mitochondrial outer membrane. The process of import and assembly of the protein is known to be dependent on the surface receptor Tom20, but the requirement for other mitochondrial proteins remains controversial. We have used mitochondria from Neurospora crassa and Saccharomyces cerevisiae to analyze the import pathway of porin. Import of porin into isolated mitochondria in which the outer membrane has been opened is inhibited despite similar levels of Tom20 as in intact mitochondria. A matrix-destined precursor and the porin precursor compete for the same translocation sites in both normal mitochondria and mitochondria whose surface receptors have been removed, suggesting that both precursors utilize the general import pore. Using an assay established to monitor the assembly of in vitro–imported porin into preexisting porin complexes we have shown that besides Tom20, the biogenesis of porin depends on the central receptor Tom22, as well as Tom5 and Tom7 of the general import pore complex (translocase of the outer mitochondrial membrane [TOM] core complex). The characterization of two new mutant alleles of the essential pore protein Tom40 demonstrates that the import of porin also requires a functional Tom40. Moreover, the porin precursor can be cross-linked to Tom20, Tom22, and Tom40 on its import pathway. We conclude that import of porin does not proceed through the action of Tom20 alone, but requires an intact outer membrane and involves at least four more subunits of the TOM machinery, including the general import pore.
Strategies for Eco-Social Transformation - Comparing Efficiency, Sufficiency and Consistency
Creators: name: Metzner-Szigeth, Andreas
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Sustainable design

description: Abstract: Redirecting human progress needs more than superior ethics and good will. Effective forms of management and governance are required. Realizing sustainable development takes place under conditions of targeting-conflicts about priorities, utilization competences about resources as well as divergent interests and contrasting visions. Facing great challenges of humankind therefore means tailoring well-designed interventions: in communicative culture as well as in material culture, in the organizational sphere as well as in the technological sphere. But how to do so? Three well-known strategies are "efficiency", "sufficiency" and "consistency". They are driven by contrasting rationalities, respond to different groundings and favour distinct instruments. They are supported by different arguments and seem to exclude each other. As strategies, they are competing for attention for being accepted and converted into practice. But how to combine them with productive principles of design such as to enable far reaching transformations in material culture and social life?
Electronic Supplementary Materials from Heterochronic shifts and conserved embryonic shape underlie crocodylian craniofacial disparity and convergence.
Creators: name: Morris, Zachary S.
name: Vliet, Kent A.
name: Arkhat Abzhanov
name: Pierce, Stephanie E.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology

description: “Morris_CrocodylianHeterochrony_SI.pdf” contains expanded methods (description of landmarks and functions used in analyses); description of additional analyses with adult & subadult dataset and ecomorph categorization; expanded discussion of phylogenetic history of ontogeny for clades and morphological phylogeny; list of supplementary tables; and supplementary figures.
Health Information Use During Pregnancy (Presentation)
Creators: name: Mahony, Carolanne
name: Heavin, Ciara
name: Sammon, David
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Information Use
Information Behaviour
Information Behavior
Information Seeking
Pregnancy

description: The internet is a popular choice for health information-seeking (Rowley, Johnson, & Sbaffi, 2017). While some researchers have raised concerns over the quality of information online and the lack of quality standards (Ghasemaghaei & Hassanein, 2015; Metzger, 2007; Savolainen, 2011), health information-seeking is generally viewed as a positive activity (Lambert & Loiselle, 2007). The internet provides convenient, cost-effective and private access to a fast body of medical information and patient support (Quinn, Bond, & Nugent, 2017; Sbaffi & Zhao, 2019). Researchers have argued that this availability has helped to encourage the move “from physician‐as‐expert to patient‐as‐consumer in healthcare encounters” (Gage & Panagakis, 2012, p.444).
 Information use, also known as information use outcomes, are the result of individuals processing the information that they find during information-seeking (Mahony, Sammon, & Heavin, 2016; Savolainen, 2006). This exploratory research investigates the information behaviour of women during pregnancy and categories their information use outcomes based on two criteria, internal versus external use and positive versus negative impact. Despite the interest in health information-seeking in the literature, the outcome of this process has received less attention (Pluye et al., 2019). This research aims to help provide more insight into information use outcomes.
Exact and approximate nonlinear least‐squares inversion of dielectric relaxation spectra
Creators: name: Macdonald, J. Ross
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1995

description: Three weighted, complex nonlinear least‐squares methods for the deconvolution of dielectric or conducting system frequency‐response data are described and applied to synthetic data and to dielectric data of n‐pentanol alcohol, water, and glycerol. The first method represents a distribution of relaxation times or transition rates by an inherently discrete function. Its inversion accuracy and resolution power are shown to be limited only by the accuracy of the data when the data themselves arise from a discrete distribution involving an arbitrary number of spectral lines. It is shown that those inversion methods employed here which allow the relaxation times to be free variables are much superior to those where these quantities are fixed. Furthermore, free‐τ methods allow unambiguous discrimination between discrete and continuous distributions, even for data with substantial errors. Contrary to previous conclusions, discrete distributions were determined for both n‐pentanol alcohol and water. A complex, continuous distribution estimate was obtained for glycerol. Algorithms for all approaches are incorporated in a readily available computer program. Serious problems with some previous dielectric inversion methods are identified. Finally, several possibilities are mentioned that may allow greater inversion resolution to be obtained for complex nonlinear least‐squares estimation of continuous distributions from noisy data.
Derivation of Stokes' Law from Kirkwood's Formula and the Green-Kubo Formula via Large Deviation Theory
Creators: name: Itami, Masato
name: Sasa, Shin-ichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the friction coefficient of a macroscopic sphere in a viscous fluid at low Reynolds number. First, Kirkwood's formula for the friction coefficient is reviewed on the basis of the Hamiltonian description of particle systems. According to this formula, the friction coefficient is expressed in terms of the stress correlation on the surface of the macroscopic sphere. Then, with the aid of large deviation theory, we relate the surface stress correlation to the stress correlation in the bulk of the fluid, where the latter is characterized by the viscosity in the Green-Kubo formula. By combining Kirkwood's formula and the Green-Kubo formula in large deviation theory, we derive Stokes' law without explicitly employing the hydrodynamic equations.
description: 19 pages