cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Interaction Model and Model Selection for Function-on-Function Regression
Creators: name: Luo, Ruiyan
name: Qi, Xin
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: Medicine
Molecular Biology
Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Information Systems not elsewhere classified
Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Mental Health

description: Regression models with interaction effects have been widely used in multivariate analysis to improve model flexibility and prediction accuracy. In functional data analysis, however, due to the challenges of estimating three-dimensional coefficient functions, interaction effects have not been considered for function-on-function linear regression. In this article, we propose function-on-function regression models with interaction and quadratic effects. For a model with specified main and interaction effects, we propose an efficient estimation method that enjoys a minimum prediction error property and has good predictive performance in practice. Moreover, converting the estimation of three-dimensional coefficient functions of the interaction effects to the estimation of two- and one-dimensional functions separately, our method is computationally efficient. We also propose adaptive penalties to account for varying magnitudes and roughness levels of coefficient functions. In practice, the forms of the models are usually unspecified. We propose a stepwise procedure for model selection based on a predictive criterion. This method is implemented in our R package FRegSigComp. Supplemental materials are available online.
Meteorus corax Marshall 1898
Creators: name: Stigenberg, Julia
name: Ronquist, Fredrik
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Braconidae
Meteorus
Meteorus corax

description: Meteorus corax Marshall
Fig. 51, 77, 94
 Meteorus corax Marshall, 1898:220. Lectotype ♀ Switzerland: Val Somvix / 25.vii.1891 / Marshall det. (NMB, Bern)
 Meteorus monachami Fischer, 1957c:17. Holotype ♀ Austria: Lunz (Haberfelner), ex Monochamus saltuarius Gebl. (ZSBS, Munich) Synonymized by Fischer, 1966:395.
 Diagnosis: This is one of the larger species of Meteorus, at least in the Palaearctic Region, averaging about 9 mm in body length. It is most easily confused with M. nixoni. However, M. corax has twisted mandibles (straight in M. nixoni), the temples are wider than in M. nixoni, and the 3 rd abdominal tergum is densely covered with striae (only a few striae present in M. nixoni).
 Studied material: ~ 10 specimens.
 Description: Size about 6–10mm. Antennae 39–41 articles. Head rather square. Ocelli small, OOL=3. Eyes small, converging only very slightly. Face about twice as long as broad. Clypeus distinctly narrower than face; protuberant. Tentorial pits wide and deep. Mandibles very stout and slightly twisted, with striate-punctate sculpture and long setae. Precoxal sulcus deep, foveolate with, anteriorly, a reticulate-foveolate patch beneath. Propodeum strongly reticulate-rugose with basal and medial transverse carinae. Petiolar tergum with longitudinal sculpture laterally, reticulate-rugose centrally; spiracles distinctly before the middle; large dorsal pits present, borders of petiolar tergum not meeting ventrally. The ovipositor about 4 times length of petiolar tergum. Outer surface of hind coxa and femur densely reticulate - punctate; hind tibia strongly swollen though not as wide as femur; tarsal claws large, strongly curved, not lobed but strongly swollen at base. Colour black or dark brown.
 Distribution: Palearctic. Country records: Austria; Finland; Germany; Italy; Japan; Korea; Russia; Sweden; Switzerland.
 Biology: Most host records of Meteorus corax involve the coleopteran family Cerambycidae (Huddleston 1980).
description: Published as part of Stigenberg, Julia & Ronquist, Fredrik, 2011, Revision of the Western Palearctic Meteorini (Hymenoptera, Braconidae), with a molecular characterization of hidden Fennoscandian species diversity 3084, pp. 1-95 in Zootaxa 3084 (1) on pages 51-52, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3084.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5244448
Combined Rastall and Rainbow theories of gravity with applications to neutron stars
Creators: name: Mota, Clésio E.
name: Santos, Luis C. N.
name: Grams, Guilherme
name: da Silva, Franciele M.
name: Menezes, Débora P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The possibility of modifications on general relativity is investigated. We propose an alternative theory of gravity constructed with the combination of Rastall and Rainbow theories. The hydrostatic equilibrium equations are obtained in order to test the new theory in neutron stars, whose mass-radius diagrams are obtained using modern equations of state of nuclear matter derived from relativistic mean field models and compared with the ones computed by the Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff equations. We conclude that substantial modifications are obtained even for very small alterations on the two free parameters, making the reproduction of astrophysical observations an easy task.
What is research?
Creators: name: Lopez-Corredoira, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Doing research is fighting, what any other thing the human being could do? Fight against powers or to get powers, that depends on us. Science can be a revolution or deadlocked idleness. Still waters, without hitting the stones along their history, trend to form bogs.
description: This article was published in a collection of critical reviews by scientists of how physics and astronomy get done: "Against the Tide", published by Universal Publishers. It is freely available at: http://www.archivefreedom.org/tide.htm
Structural Characterization of Covalently Stabilized Human Cystatin C Oligomers
Creators: name: Chrabąszczewska, Magdalena
name: Sieradzan, Adam K.
name: Rodziewicz-Motowidło, Sylwia
name: Grubb, Anders
name: Dobson, Christopher M.
name: Kumita, Janet R.
name: Kozak, Maciej
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: cystatin C
oligomers
domain swapping
protein misfolding

description: Human cystatin C (HCC), a cysteine-protease inhibitor, exists as a folded monomer under physiological conditions but has the ability to self-assemble via domain swapping into multimeric states, including oligomers with a doughnut-like structure. The structure of the monomeric HCC has been solved by X-ray crystallography, and a covalently linked version of HCC (stab-1 HCC) is able to form stable oligomeric species containing 10−12 monomeric subunits. We have performed molecular modeling, and in conjunction with experimental parameters obtained from atomic force microscopy (AFM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) measurements, we observe that the structures are essentially flat, with a height of about 2 nm, and the distance between the outer edge of the ring and the edge of the central cavity is ~5.1 nm. These dimensions correspond to the height and diameter of one stab-1 HCC subunit and we present a dodecamer model for stabilized cystatin C oligomers using molecular dynamics simulations and experimentally measured parameters. Given that oligomeric species in protein aggregation reactions are often transient and very highly heterogeneous, the structural information presented here on these isolated stab-1 HCC oligomers may be useful to further explore the physiological relevance of different structural species of cystatin C in relation to protein misfolding disease.
The strength of fibre reinforced clays
Creators: name: R Grennan
name: Naughton, Patrick
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 120402 Engineering Design Knowledge
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies

description: Determining the strength of soil containing fibres is problematic. The presence of discrete fibres reinforces the soil to such a degree that the determined value is not a true representation of the global strength. In this study cone penetration and plate bearing testing in a geotechnical centrifuge were used to determine the undrained shear strength of fibre reinforced clay. Plate bearing testing was performed on foundations of different shape and geometry. The undrained shear strength was back calculated from the foundation bearing resistance. Both inflight cone penetration and plate bearing test results showed an increase in undrained shear strength with fibre content. No optimum fibre content was found in the testing undertaken. Once a threshold fibre content of between 3-4% was exceeded a two ‒ threefold increase in strength was observed. Overall, good correlation was found between the undrained shear strength measured with the cone penetrator and that back calculated from the plate bearing testing.
Additional file 2 of New diagnosis of cancer in mild and moderate/severe traumatic brain injury patients in a 12-year population-based study
Creators: name: Lu, Chung-Che
name: Nyam, Tee-Tau Eric
name: Ho, Chung-Han
name: Kuo, Jinn-Rung
name: Chio, Chung-Ching
name: Wang, Jhi-Joung
name: Wang, Che-Chuan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2: Appendix B. Cause of death in moderate/severe TBI patients after having cancer (N=402).
Duality cascades and duality walls
Creators: name: Fiol, Bartomeu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We recast the phenomenon of duality cascades in terms of the Cartan matrix associated to the quiver gauge theories appearing in the cascade. In this language, Seiberg dualities for the different gauge factors correspond to Weyl reflections. We argue that the UV behavior of different duality cascades depends markedly on whether the Cartan matrix is affine ADE or not. In particular, we find examples of duality cascades that can't be continued after a finite energy scale, reaching a "duality wall", in terminology due to M. Strassler. For these duality cascades, we suggest the existence of a UV completion in terms of a little string theory.
description: harvmac, 24 pages, 4 figures. v2: references added. v3: reference added
Rapid two-dimensional characterisation of proteins in solution
Creators: name: Saar, Kadi L.
name: Peter, Quentin
name: Müller, Thomas
name: Challa, Pavan K.
name: Herling, Therese W.
name: Knowles, Tuomas P. J.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: Article
/639/638
/639/925/350/877
article

description: Abstract: Microfluidic platforms provide an excellent basis for working with heterogeneous samples and separating biomolecular components at high throughput, with high recovery rates and by using only very small sample volumes. To date, several micron scale platforms with preparative capabilities have been demonstrated. Here we describe and demonstrate a microfluidic device that brings preparative and analytical operations together onto a single chip and thereby allows the acquisition of multidimensional information. We achieve this objective by using a free-flow electrophoretic separation approach that directs fractions of sample into an on-chip analysis unit, where the fractions are characterised through a microfluidic diffusional sizing process. This combined approach therefore allows simultaneously quantifying the sizes and the charges of components in heterogenous mixtures. We illustrate the power of the platform by describing the size distribution of a mixture comprising components which are close in size and cannot be identified as individual components using state-of-the-art solution sizing techniques on their own. Furthermore, we show that the platform can be used for two-dimensional fingerprinting of heterogeneous protein mixtures within tens of seconds, opening up a possibility to obtain multiparameter data on biomolecular systems on a minute timescale.
A Single Video Super-Resolution GAN for Multiple Downsampling Operators based on Pseudo-Inverse Image Formation Models
Creators: name: López-Tapia, Santiago
name: Lucas, Alice
name: Molina, Rafael
name: Katsaggelos, Aggelos K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The popularity of high and ultra-high definition displays has led to the need for methods to improve the quality of videos already obtained at much lower resolutions. Current Video Super-Resolution methods are not robust to mismatch between training and testing degradation models since they are trained against a single degradation model (usually bicubic downsampling). This causes their performance to deteriorate in real-life applications. At the same time, the use of only the Mean Squared Error during learning causes the resulting images to be too smooth. In this work we propose a new Convolutional Neural Network for video super resolution which is robust to multiple degradation models. During training, which is performed on a large dataset of scenes with slow and fast motions, it uses the pseudo-inverse image formation model as part of the network architecture in conjunction with perceptual losses, in addition to a smoothness constraint that eliminates the artifacts originating from these perceptual losses. The experimental validation shows that our approach outperforms current state-of-the-art methods and is robust to multiple degradations.
Entomobrya durrasensis Jordana & Greenslade 2020, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Jordana, Rafael
name: Greenslade, Penelope
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Entognatha
Collembola
Entomobryidae
Entomobrya
Entomobrya durrasensis

description: Entomobrya durrasensis sp. nov.
(Figs 1M, 4H, 16 A–F)
Holotype. Male, NSW, South Durras, - 35.6622°S, 150.2922°E, 15m asl, swamp forest, sweeping, 4.vi.2006, PG leg., [SAMA 22645].
Description. Size. Length 1.245 mm.
Colour. See Figs 1M and 4H, colour characteristic.
Head. Eight eyes, G and H smaller in size than E and F. Antennae with 793 µm 3.4 times de head length. Labral papillae conic. External process of papilla E reaching the papilla tip. Labial posterior row with MEL 1 L 2 ciliated chaetae, without R.
Thorax and abdomen. Ratio of Abd IV/III=4.5. Tibiotarsus without differentiated chaetae, with exception of the presence of the smooth terminal chaetae on legs 3, characteristic for the genus. Unguis with 4 teeth: paired at 50% of the base, first unpaired at 75 % from the base, dorsal tooth basal. Unguiculus acuminated, narrow, external lamella of leg 3 serrate. Tenent hair clavate, longer than unguis. Trochanteral organ with 10 chaetae. Manubrial plate with 3 chaetae and 2 pseudopores. Mucro bidentate both teeth of similar size with mucronal basal spine, Mucro of 10 micrometers and distal smooth part of dens 2.5 times the length mucro.
Macrochaetotaxy. Simplified Mc formula as 3,1,0,1,2/4,5/0,2/0,0,1/0,0,2,2,2. Head chaetotaxy (Fig. 16A) Mc An 2, An 3a1, An 3 and A 5. M 2, M 2 and M 4 present as Mc. In sutural row S 0, S 2, S 3, S 4, S 5i, S 5, Ps 2 and Ps 5 present. Thoracic chaetotaxy as Th II chaetotaxy (Fig. 16B) T1 area with Mc m 1 m 2, m 2i and m 2i2, T2 area with Mc a 5, m 4, m 4i, m 4p and m 5. Abdominal chaetotaxy Abd II (Fig. 16C) with m 3 and m 3e, on Abd III (Fig. 16D) m3 Mc present; Abd IV (Fig. 16E) with Mc A 4 –A 6, B 4– B 6. Sensillary formula usual for Entomobrya. The bothriotricha on Abd IV in position T 2 and T 4 (0110).
Remarks. Only one specimen was available but it is described as it has conservation importance as the habitat was about to be destroyed to expand a caravan park so it was important to emphasise the biodiversity value of the swamp forest.
The species has a unique chaetotaxy and was in good condition. Four more species of Entomobrya have 4, 5 Mc (with Mc m5 present) on areas T1and T2 on Th II: Entomobrya jirisana Lee & Park, 1984, Entomobrya oleniensis (Tshelnokov, 1987), Entomobrya striatella Börner, 1909 and Entomobrya vigintiseta Lee & Park, 1984. Abd II has 0, 2 Mc in the new species, while the other species have 2, 4 Mc.
Etymology. Species name refers to the type locality.
description: Published as part of Jordana, Rafael & Greenslade, Penelope, 2020, Biogeographical and ecological insights from Australasian faunas: the megadiverse collembolan genus, Entomobrya (Entomobryidae), pp. 1-104 in Zootaxa 4770 (1) on page 34, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4770.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3797958
The effect of gluon condensate on imaginary potential and thermal width from holography
Creators: name: Zhao, Yan-Qing
name: Zhu, Zhou-Run
name: Chen, Xun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By the use of the gauge/gravity duality, we calculate the imaginary part of heavy quarkonium potential and thermal width with the effect of gluon condensate which is absent in AdS$_{5}$ background. Our results show that the dropping gluon condensate reduces the absolute value of imaginary potential and therefore decreases the thermal width both in "exact" and "approximate" approach implying that the heavy quarkonium has a weaker bound with the increase of gluon condensate. In addition, the thermal width will disappear at a critical condensate value, which indicates the dissociation of quarkonium. We conclude that increasing gluon condensate will lead to easier dissociation of heavy quarkonium for fixed temperature.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures
An experimental investigation of arching in piled embankments
Creators: name: E.J. Britton
name: Naughton, Patrick
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 120402 Engineering Design Knowledge
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies
subject: 120403 Engineering Design Methods
subject: 120404 Engineering Systems Design

description: The design of piled embankments is extremely complex and relies on determining the magnitude of arching in the embankment fill and the tension in a geosynthetic reinforcement layer at the base of the embankment. Several design methods, BS8006 (1995), Kempfert et al. (2004), Russell et al. (2003), Jenner et al. (1998), Hewlett & Randolph (1988) and Terzaghi (1943), are available for estimating the magnitude of arching and the tension in the geosynthetic reinforcement. However, Naughton & Kempton (2005) showed that significant inconsistencies exist between these design methods in both estimating the magnitude of arching and the tension in the reinforcement. Naughton (2007) showed that the magnitude of arching and therefore the tension in the geosynthetic reinforcement can be estimated based on the concept of critical height. The critical height is a function of the frictional characteristics of the embankment fill and pile-pile cap spacing at the base of the embankment. An instrumented laboratory 1:3 scaled model of typical piled embankment geometries was used to investigate the influence of the critical height in the design of piled embankments. A detailed description of the properties of the sand fill and the laboratory model is presented. The model was used to quantify the magnitude of arching and load transfer for the test sand investigated. The experimental results are used to validate the concept of critical height on the assessment of arching in piled embankments. Recommendations are made on how the concept of critical height can be integrated into routine piled embankment design.
East Asian Poultry Markets: Technology Transfer and Demand Dynamics
Creators: name: Unnevehr, Laurian J.
name: Eales, James S.
name: Nelson, Gerald C.
name: Kim, Young-Chul
name: Unnevehr, Laurian J.
name: Eales, James S.
name: Nelson, Gerald C.
name: Kim, Young-Chul
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1991
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis
Livestock Production/Industries

description: A two-equation model of price determination and demand is estiamted for poultry in 5 East Asian countries. An Error Correction Model of Demand is used to test the hypothesis that dynamics are important in explaining consumer behavior. Results show that real poultry prices have declined in East Asia due to the transfer of cost-reducing technology from the U.S. Demand dynamics are important only in the most rapidly changing economies and income growth has been the most important determinant of demand growth.
COMPARISON OF METHODS FOR SIMULATING TSUNAMI RUN-UP THROUGH COASTAL FORESTS
Creators: name: Universitas Gadjah Mada
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 90799 Environmental Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Environmental engineering

description: The research is aimed at reviewing two numerical methods for modeling the effect of coastal forest on tsunami run-up and to propose an alternative approach. Two methods for modeling the effect of coastal forest namely the Constant Roughness Model (CRM) and Equivalent Roughness Model (ERM) simulate the effect of the forest by using an artificial Manning roughness coefficient. An alternative approach that simulates each of the trees as a vertical square column is introduced. Simulations were carried out with variations of forest density and layout pattern of the trees. The numerical model was validated using an existing data series of tsunami run-up without forest protection. The study indicated that the alternative method is in good agreement with ERM method for low forest density. At higher density and when the trees were planted in a zigzag
pattern, the ERM produced significantly higher run-up. For a zigzag pattern and at 50% forest densities which represents a water tight wall, both the ERM and CRM methods produced relatively high run-up which should not happen theoretically. The alternative method, on the other hand, reflected the entire tsunami. In reality, housing complex can be considered and simulated as forest with various size and layout of obstacles where the alternative approach is applicable. The alternative method is more accurate than the existing methods for simulating a coastal forest for tsunami mitigation but consumes considerably more computational time.
Extended mathematical cognition: external representations with non-derived content
Creators: name: Vold, Karina
name: Schlimm, Dirk
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: S.I. : MathCogEncul
Mental content
Representational vehicles
Vehicle externalism
Cognitive integration
Enculturation
Mathematical cognition

description: Funder: Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000155
description: Abstract: Vehicle externalism maintains that the vehicles of our mental representations can be located outside of the head, that is, they need not be instantiated by neurons located inside the brain of the cogniser. But some disagree, insisting that ‘non-derived’, or ‘original’, content is the mark of the cognitive and that only biologically instantiated representational vehicles can have non-derived content, while the contents of all extra-neural representational vehicles are derived and thus lie outside the scope of the cognitive. In this paper we develop one aspect of Menary’s vehicle externalist theory of cognitive integration—the process of enculturation—to respond to this longstanding objection. We offer examples of how expert mathematicians introduce new symbols to represent new mathematical possibilities that are not yet understood, and we argue that these new symbols have genuine non-derived content, that is, content that is not dependent on an act of interpretation by a cognitive agent and that does not derive from conventional associations, as many linguistic representations do.
Gaussian-mixture-model-based cluster analysis of gamma-ray bursts in the BATSE catalog
Creators: name: Tóth, B. G.
name: Rácz, I. I.
name: Horváth, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Clustering is an important tool to describe gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). We analyzed the Final BATSE Catalog using Gaussian-mixture-models-based clustering methods for six variables (durations, peak flux, total fluence and spectral hardness ratios) that contain information on clustering. Our analysis found that the five kinds of GRBs previously found by other authors are only the cut groups of the previously well-known three types (short, long and intermediate in duration). The two short and intermediate duration groups differ mostly in the peak flux. Therefore, the reanalysis of the BATSE data finds similar group structures than previously. Because the brightness distribution is asymmetric and not correlated with durations or hardnesses the Gaussian mixture model cuts the Short and the Intermediate duration groups into two subgroups, the dim ones and the bright ones.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
Proteolytic activity of recombinant DegP from Chromohalobacter salexigens BKL5
Creators: name: Universitas Gadjah Mada
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: DegP is a serine protease that specifically cleaves and refolds unfolding proteins in the periplasmic space of the cells. To date, there is no information regarding DegP from halophilic bacteria. Chromohalobacter salexigens BKL5 is a moderately halophilic bacterium that has the ability to grow in a media containing more than 15% salt. Therefore, the objectives of this work were to clone and overexpress DegP-encoding gene from C. salexigens BKL5 and characterize its biochemical properties.DegP-encoding gene was overexpressed in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) CodonPlus in an active form. SDS-PAGE analysis showed that the molecular weight of the recombinant DegP was 45 kDa. Size-exclusion chromatography analysis suggested that recombinant DegP was present in two multimeric states, hexameric and dodecameric, with molecular weights of 297.9 and 579.12 kDa, respectively. Both conformations were enzymatically active when casein was used as substrate for enzymatic assay. Circular dichroism analysis showed that recombinant DegP was composed of 0.21–0.29 helical content, which was comparable to the helical content in the crystal structure of E. coli DegP. The basic/acidic residue ratio of recombinant DegP was 0.56, which was slightly higher than that of DegP from extreme halophiles (average, 0.45) but significantly lower than that of DegP from nonhalophiles (average, 0.94). Recombinant DegP fromC. salexigens BKL5 showed proteolytic activitywhen β-caseinwas used as a
substrate. In silico analysis indicated that recombinant DegP had characteristics similar to those of halophilic proteins depending on its amino acid composition.
Wigner function and photon number distribution of a superradiant state in semiconductor heterostructures
Creators: name: Vasil’ev, Peter P
name: Penty, Richard V
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Paper
superradiance
Wigner function
homodyne tomography
displaced Fock state

description: Abstract: Advanced quantum technologies require sources of non-Gaussian and non-classical light. For the understanding of properties of quantum light it is necessary to reconstruct its quantum state. Here, we use time-domain optical homodyne tomography for the quantum state recognition and reconstruction of the femtosecond optical field from a nonequilibrium superradiant coherent electron–hole state formed in a semiconductor GaAs/AlGaAs heterostructure. We observe severe deviations from the Poissonian statistics of the photons associated with the coherent state when the transformation from lasing to superradiance occurs. The estimated Mandel parameter Q of the superradiant states is in the range of 1.08–1.89. The reconstructed Wigner functions show large areas of negative values, a characteristic sign of non-classicality, demonstrating the quantum nature of the generated superradiant emission. The photon number distribution and Wigner function of the superradiant state are very similar to those of the displaced Fock state.
Probing Flavor Changing Neutrino Interactions Using Neutrino Beams from a Muon Storage Ring
Creators: name: Gago, A. M.
name: Guzzo, M. M.
name: Nunokawa, H.
name: Teves, W. J. C.
name: Funchal, R. Zukanovich
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the capabilities of a future neutrino factory based on intense neutrino beams from a muon storage ring to explore the non-standard neutrino matter interactions, which are assumed to be sub-leading effects in the standard mass induced neutrino oscillations. The conjunction of these two mechanisms will magnify fake CP violating effect in the presence of matter which is not coming from the CP phase in the neutrino mixing matrix. We show that such fake CP violation can be observed in neutrino factory experiments by measuring the difference between the neutrino and anti-neutrino probabilities. In order to perform such test, we consider three neutrino flavors, admitting the mixing parameters in the range consistent with the oscillation solution to the atmospheric and the solar neutrino problems, as well as with the constraints imposed by the reactor neutrino data. We show that with a 10 kt detector with 5 years of operation, a stored muon energy E_μ\ge 20 GeV, 2 \times 10^{20} muon decays per year, and a baseline L \sim 732 km, such a neutrino facility can probe the non-standard flavor changing neutrino interactions down to the level of (10^{-3}-10^{-2})~G_F, in both ν_μ\to ν_τ/ \bar ν_μ\to \bar ν_τand ν_e \to ν_τ/\bar ν_e \to \bar ν_τmodes.
description: Revtex, 25 pages, 10 encapsulated postscript figures, some new references added, typos corrected
High incidence rate of asthma among elite endurance athletes: a prospective 4-year survey
Creators: name: Irewall, Tommie
name: Söderström, Lars
name: Lindberg, Anne
name: Stenfors, Nikolai
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Objective: The prevalence of asthma among elite endurance athletes is high, but less is known about the incidence of asthma among athletes. The aim of this study was to examine the incidence rate of physician-diagnosed asthma among elite endurance athletes. Method: An annual postal questionnaire was sent to an open prospective cohort of elite endurance athletes between 2011 and 2015. Athletes from Swedish National teams, students at universities with elite sport partnership, and pupils at Swedish National elite sport schools, competing in cross-country skiing, biathlon, ski orienteering, or orienteering were invited (n = 666). Incidence rate of physician-diagnosed asthma was calculated among those without asthma at baseline (n = 449). Risk factors for incident physician-diagnosed asthma were identified using a multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results: Response rate was 88.7% (n = 591) at baseline. The median age of participants was 17 (range 15–36) years at inclusion. The study population included 407 (69%) skiers and 184 (31%) orienteers. The prevalence of asthma at baseline was 23.9% (n = 141). Incidence rate (95% confidence interval [CI]) of physician-diagnosed asthma was 61.2 (45.7–80.3) per 1,000 person-years. Risk factors (odds ratio [OR (95% CI)]) for incident physician-diagnosed asthma were family history of asthma (1.97 [1.04–3.68]), being a skier (3.01 [1.42–7.21]), and wheezing without having a cold (4.15 [1.81–9.26]). Conclusion: The incidence rate of physician-diagnosed asthma is high among Swedish elite endurance athletes.
Diamond Phononic Crystal Spin-Mechanical Resonators with Spectrally Stable Nitrogen Vacancy Centers
Creators: name: Lekavicius, Ignas
name: Oo, Thein
name: Wang, Hailin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the design and fabrication of diamond spin-mechanical resonators embedded in a two-dimensional (2D) phononic crystal square lattice. The rectangular resonator features GHz in-plane compression modes protected by the phononic band gap of the square lattice. A membrane-in-bulk approach is developed for the fabrication of the suspended 2D structure. This approach overcomes the limitations of the existing approaches, which are either incompatible with the necessary high-temperature thermal annealing or unsuitable for 2D structures with the required feature size. Graded soft oxygen etching, with the etching rate decreased gradually to below 1 nm/minute, is used to remove defective surface layers damaged by reactive ion etching. Combining the graded etching with other established surface treatment techniques reduces the optical linewidth of nitrogen vacancy centers in resonators with a thickness below 1 micron to as narrow as 330 MHz.
title: Family of Weyl-algebras and the Carrollian limit
Creators: name: Tiefenbacher, Robert
Year: 2025

description: In den letzten Jahren haben Carroll-Theorien aufgrund der neu entdeckten Verbindung zu Holographie, Kosmologie und dunkler Energie erneutes Interesse bekommen. Diese Theorien basieren auf der Frage, was passiert, wenn die Lichtgeschwindigkeit zu Null tendiert. Solche Limites werden normalerweise vor der Quantisierung der Theorie durchgeführt. Das Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es, einen anderen Ansatz zu untersuchen, bei dem wir den Grenzwertprozess in der Quantenbeschreibung eines freien Skalarfeldes berücksichtigen. Wir verformen die Felder kontinuierlich, während wir gleichzeitig die Metrik fest halten, um eine Carrollsche Theorie in einem geeigneten Limes zu erhalten. Darüber hinaus bekommen wir durch diesen Prozess eine Carrollsche Weyl-Algebra, in der wir mögliche Zustände untersuchen, die sich aus dem Grenzwertverfahren ergeben.
description: In the past few years, Carroll theories attracted some renewed interest, due to the newly discovered connection to holography, cosmology and dark energy. Those theories stem from the question what happens if the speed of light goes to zero. Such limits are usually taken before quantizing the theory. The aim of this thesis is to explore another approach where we consider the limiting process in the quantum description of a free scalar field. We continuously deform the fields, while fixing the metric, in order to obtain a Carrollian theory in an appropriate limit. Further, we acquire a Carrollian Weyl-algebra in the process where we study possible states that arise from the limit procedure.
Interaction model and model selection for function-on-function regression
Creators: name: Luo, Ruiyan
name: Qi, Xin
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: Medicine
Molecular Biology
Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Information Systems not elsewhere classified
Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Mental Health

description: Regression models with interaction effects have been widely used in multivariate analysis to improve model flexibility and prediction accuracy. In functional data analysis, however, due to the challenges of estimating three-dimensional coefficient functions, interaction effects have not been considered for function-on-function linear regression. In this paper, we propose function-on-function regression models with interaction and quadratic effects. For a model with specified main and interaction effects, we propose an efficient estimation method which enjoys a minimum prediction error property and has good predictive performance in practice. Moreover, converting the estimation of three-dimensional coefficient functions of the interaction effects to the estimation of two- and one-dimensional functions separately, our method is computationally efficient. We also propose adaptive penalties to account for varying magnitudes and roughness levels of coefficient functions. In practice, the forms of the models are usually unspecified. We propose a stepwise procedure for model selection based on a predictive criterion. This method is implemented in our R package FRegSigComp. Supplemental materials are available online.
Pharmacological interventions for the treatment of psychological distress in patients with asthma: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Tran, Liem
name: Sharrad, Kelsey
name: Kopsaftis, Zoe
name: Stallman, Helen M
name: Tai, Andrew
name: Spurrier, Nicola
name: Esterman, Adrian
name: Carson-Chahhoud, Kristin
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of pharmacological interventions for the treatment of psychological distress in people with asthma. Data sources: Electronic searches were performed in Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PubMed/Medline, Embase, PsycInfo, Health Technology Assessment Database and Web of Science (inception to April 2019). Study selections: Included studies were randomized controlled trials (RCT) or controlled clinical trials investigating the effect of pharmacological interventions for psychological distress in people with asthma. Records were screened and data extracted by two independent authors into standardized pilot-tested extraction templates. Data was analyzed according to standard Cochrane methodology and entered into Review Manager Software version 5.3. Results: From 5,689 studies, six RCTs (n = 215) met inclusion criteria and were included in the systematic review, of which four studies were included in the meta-analysis. A meta-analysis of four studies (n = 158) indicated no evidence of an effect for selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (Citalopram or Escitalopram) on reduction of psychological distress in adult patients with asthma. Similarly, antiepileptic medication (Levetiracetam) was no better than placebo in the treatment of psychological distress in people with asthma. Adverse events were poorly reported across all studies but were slightly increased among intervention participants compared to control participants. Conclusions: There was great heterogeneity between studies and overall poor methodological quality providing insufficient evidence to make recommendations for or against the use of pharmacotherapy in asthma patients with psychological distress. Further confirmatory trials are warranted to make recommendations for clinical practice.
Additional file 1: of The prognostic impact of tet oncogene family member 2 mutations in patients with acute myeloid leukemia: a systematic-review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Wang, Ruiqi
name: Gao, Xiaoning
name: Yu, Li
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology
subject: Virology

description: Figure S1: Title of data: Influences of TET2 mutation on prognosis in AML patients. Description of data: forest plots of pooled HRs and 95%CI for OS or EFS in AML patients. Figure S2: Title of data: Influences of TET2 mutation on prognosis in CN-AML patients. Description of data: forest plots of pooled HRs and 95%CI for OS or EFS in CN-AML patients. Figure S3: Title of data: Influences of TET2 mutation on prognosis in patients with ELN intermediate-Irisk cytogenetics. Description of data: forest plots of pooled HRs and 95%CI for OS or EFS of patients with ELN intermediate-Irisk cytogenetics. Figure S4: Title of data: Funnel plot for publication bias test of TET2 mutation in EFS. (DOC 916 kb)
Inhibition of indole production increases the activity of quinolone antibiotics against E. coli persisters
Creators: name: Zarkan, Ashraf
name: Matuszewska, Marta
name: Trigg, Stephen B.
name: Zhang, Meng
name: Belgami, Daaniyah
name: Croft, Cameron
name: Liu, Junyan
name: El-Ouisi, Sawssen
name: Greenhalgh, Jack
name: Duboff, James S.
name: Rahman, Taufiq
name: Summers, David K.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Article
/631/326/22
/631/326/1320
article

description: Abstract: Persisters are a sub-population of genetically sensitive bacteria that survive antibiotic treatment by entering a dormant state. The emergence of persisters from dormancy after antibiotic withdrawal leads to recurrent infection. Indole is an aromatic molecule with diverse signalling roles, including a role in persister formation. Here we demonstrate that indole stimulates the formation of Escherichia coli persisters against quinolone antibiotics which target the GyrA subunit of DNA gyrase. However, indole has no effect on the formation of E. coli persisters against an aminocoumarin, novobiocin, which targets the GyrB subunit of DNA gyrase. Two modes of indole signalling have been described: persistent and pulse. The latter refers to the brief but intense elevation of intracellular indole during stationary phase entry. We show that the stimulation of quinolone persisters is due to indole pulse, rather than persistent, signalling. In silico docking of indole on DNA gyrase predicts that indole docks perfectly to the ATP binding site of the GyrB subunit. We propose that the inhibition of indole production offers a potential route to enhance the activity of quinolones against E. coli persisters.
Meteorus filator
Creators: name: Stigenberg, Julia
name: Ronquist, Fredrik
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Braconidae
Meteorus
Meteorus filator

description: Meteorus filator (Haliday)
Fig. 18, 24, 40, 98
 Perilitus filator Haliday, 1835:32. Holotype ♀, Ireland: ’ British Haliday 20.2.82’ (NMI, Dublin)
 Perilitus laticeps Wesmael, 1835:47. Lectotype ♀, Belgium: Brussels, coll. Wesmael (IRSNB, Brussels), Considered valid species by Fischer, 1970 a. Synonymized by Huddleston, 1980:30.
 Meteorus hodisensis Fischer, 1970b:285. Holotype ♀, Austria: ‘Bgld., Markt. Hodis, Rechnitz, 7.viii.1961 ’ (Fischer) (NHM, Vienna). Synonymized by Huddleston, 1980:30 —examined.
 Diagnosis: Males of Meteorus filator look very similar to those of M. eadyi but the shape of the clypeus is a good diagnostic character (wide in M. filator, narrow and protruding in M. eadyi).
 Studied material: ~ 60 specimens.
 Description: Size about 4.5mm. Antennal articles 21–25. Head broad, temples rounded. Ocelli small, OOL=2.5–3.0. Eyes large, strongly convergent. Face about as wide as high, not strongly protuberant. Clypeus wide, not strongly protuberant. Malar space short, less than half the basal breadth of mandible. Mandible large, not twisted. Precoxal sulcus wide. Propodeum rather depressed with three longitudinal and two transverse carinae. Petiolar tergum long, almost equal in length to rest of abdomen, slender, ventral borders joined from the base of the segment to its midpoint. Ovipositor long, 2.5 times length of petiolar tergum. Legs long, slender; hind coxa partly reticulate-rugose; tarsal claws simple, long, slightly swollen at base. Colour mostly black. Male same as female except eyes are smaller and less convergent so that the face is about twice as broad as high and the malar space longer; antennae longer, 27–30 articles, all articles of flagellum at least twice as long as broad, darker in colour, rarely distinctly yellow in basal half of flagellum.
 Distribution: Western Palearctic. Country records: Austria; Azerbaijan; Belgium; Bulgaria; Czechoslovakia; Denmark; Finland; France; Georgia; Germany; Hungary; Ireland; Italy; Lithuania; Mongolia; Netherlands; Norway; Poland; Russia; Slovakia; Sweden; Switzerland; United Kingdom.
 Biology: Haliday (1835) states “locis fungiferis autumno” for this species, meaning that it occurs amongst fungi in autumn. Also, Capron mentions to Marshall (1887) that he has taken several females of this species by shaking species of Trametes versicolor (Fungi, Polyporaceae) and the males were abundantly collected in the autumn by sweeping. We found 41 specimens within the SMTP, most of them were from a Malaise trap placed on a sandy railway. They were caught during the summer months July to August.
description: Published as part of Stigenberg, Julia & Ronquist, Fredrik, 2011, Revision of the Western Palearctic Meteorini (Hymenoptera, Braconidae), with a molecular characterization of hidden Fennoscandian species diversity 3084, pp. 1-95 in Zootaxa 3084 (1) on page 54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3084.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5244448
Impact of Oil Price Shocks on the Sri Lankan Economy: A Vector Auto Regression Assessment
Creators: name: Herath, Nisal
name: Herath, Nisal
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: Financial Economics
Public Economics

description: Oil price shocks have the potential to slow down the economic growth and create inflationary pressures in oil importing small economies. A vector auto regression (VAR) model, augmented by Toda and Yamamoto procedure, was estimated using monthly data from 2000-2013 to examine the impacts of oil price shocks on Sri Lankan economy. The results indicate that linear oil price shocks affect GDP, foreign reserves and interest rate. Positive oil price shocks affect foreign reserves and the interest rate, while negative oil price shocks affect GDP, interest rates and exports. Oil price decreases have larger and quicker impacts on GDP. Thus, there is evidence for presence of asymmetric oil price impacts in Sri Lankan economy. No evidence to show that oil price shocks cause inflation. As such, the government has the ability to employ expansionary monetary policy to avoid stagflation during high oil price periods. Overall, the results indicate that the economy has a certain degree of insulation from international oil price increases. In addition, energy policy has also contributed to insulate the economy from oil price shocks through reduction in energy intensity.