cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Big Data Privacy in the Internet of Things Era
Creators: name: Perera, Charith
name: Ranjan, Rajiv
name: Wang, Lizhe
name: Khan, Samee U.
name: Zomaya, Albert Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Over the last few years, we have seen a plethora of Internet of Things (IoT) solutions, products and services, making their way into the industry's market-place. All such solution will capture a large amount of data pertaining to the environment, as well as their users. The objective of the IoT is to learn more and to serve better the system users. Some of these solutions may store the data locally on the devices ('things'), and others may store in the Cloud. The real value of collecting data comes through data processing and aggregation in large-scale where new knowledge can be extracted. However, such procedures can also lead to user privacy issues. This article discusses some of the main challenges of privacy in IoT, and opportunities for research and innovation. We also introduce some of the ongoing research efforts that address IoT privacy issues.
description: Accepted to be published in IEEE IT Professional Magazine: Special Issue Internet of Anything 2015
Compact Kähler manifolds admitting large solvable groups of automorphisms
Creators: name: Dinh, Tien-Cuong
name: Hu, Fei
name: Zhang, De-Qi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14J50, 32M05, 37B40, 32H50, 11G10

description: Let G be a group of automorphisms of a compact Kähler manifold X of dimension n and N(G) the subset of null-entropy elements. Suppose G admits no non-abelian free subgroup. Improving the known Tits alternative, we obtain that, up to replace G by a finite-index subgroup, either G/N(G) is a free abelian group of rank < n-1, or G/N(G) is a free abelian group of rank n-1 and X is a complex torus, or G is a free abelian group of rank n-1. If the last case occurs, X is G-equivariant birational to the quotient of an abelian variety provided that X is a projective manifold of dimension n > 2 and is not rationally connected. We also prove and use a generalization of a theorem by Fujiki and Lieberman on the structure of Aut(X).
description: Proof of Theorem 4.1(1) is slightly changed
Two new norcassane-type diterpenoids from Mezonevron sinense Hemsl
Creators: name: Su, Jie-Xia
name: Gu, Wen-Jian
name: Chen, Yuan-Kai
name: Zhang, Pu-Zhao
name: Zhang, Ya-Mei
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: Two new norcassane-type diterpenoids, named 6β-hydroxy-bisnorcass-13-en-12-one (1) and 6β-hydroxy-bisnorcassan-12-one (2), were isolated from the seeds of Mezonevron sinense Hemsl. The structures of compounds 1-2 were determined by extensive spectroscopic analysis. Two compounds exhibited immunosuppressive activity with the IC50 values of 19.35 ± 0.87 μM and 18.69 ± 0.88 μM in the ConA induced T cell model and 65.04 ± 0.83 μM and 48.06 ± 0.76 μM in LPS induced B cell model, respectively.
Viral Production, Decay Rates, and Life Strategies along a Trophic Gradient in the North Adriatic Sea
Creators: name: Bongiorni, L.
name: Armeni, M.
name: Magagnini, M.
name: Danovaro, R.
name: Noble, R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2005

description: Although the relationships between trophic conditions and viral dynamics have been widely explored in different pelagic environments, there have been few attempts at independent estimates of both viral production and decay. In this study, we investigated factors controlling the balance between viral production and decay along a trophic gradient in the north Adriatic basin, providing independent estimates of these variables and determining the relative importance of nanoflagellate grazing and viral life strategies. Increasing trophic conditions induced an increase of bacterioplankton growth rates and of the burst sizes. As a result, eutrophic waters displayed highest rates of viral production, which considerably exceeded observed rates of viral decay (up to 2.9 × 109 VLP liter−1 h−1). Viral decay was also higher in eutrophic waters, where it accounted for ca. 40% of viral production, and dropped significantly to 1.3 to 10.7% in oligotrophic waters. These results suggest that viral production and decay rates may not necessarily be balanced in the short term, resulting in a net increase of viruses in the system. In eutrophic waters nanoflagellate grazing, dissolved-colloidal substances, and lysogenic infection were responsible together for the removal of ca. 66% of viral production versus 17% in oligotrophic waters. Our results suggest that different causative agents are primarily responsible for the removal of viruses from the water column in different trophic conditions. Factors other than those considered in the past might shed light on processes responsible for the removal and/or decay of viral particles from the water column.
A quantum Stirling heat engine operating in finite time
Creators: name: Das, Debmalya
name: Thomas, George
name: Jordan, Andrew N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a quantum Stirling heat engine, the heat exchanged with two thermal baths is partly utilized for performing work by redistributing the energy levels of the working substance. We analyze the thermodynamics of a quantum Stirling engine operating in finite time. We develop a model in which a time-dependent potential barrier changes the energy-level structure of the working substance. The process takes place under a constant interaction with the thermal bath. We further show that in the limit of slow operation of the cycle and low temperature, the efficiency of such an engine approaches Carnot efficiency. We also show that the maximum output power , for the strokes that affect the energy levels, is obtained at an intermediate operating speed, demonstrating the importance of a finite-time analysis.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures
An Anaerobic Methane-Oxidizing Community of ANME-1b Archaea in Hypersaline Gulf of Mexico Sediments
Creators: name: Lapham, L.
name: Teske, A.
name: Lloyd, K. G.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2006

description: Sediments overlying a brine pool methane seep in the Gulf of Mexico (Green Canyon 205) were analyzed using molecular and geochemical approaches to identify geochemical controls on microbial community composition and stratification. 16S rRNA gene and rRNA clone libraries, as well as mcrA gene clone libraries, showed that the archaeal community consists predominantly of ANME-1b methane oxidizers; no archaea of other ANME subgroups were found with general and group-specific PCR primers. The ANME-1b community was found in the sulfate-methane interface, where undersaturated methane concentrations of ca. 100 to 250 μM coexist with sulfate concentrations around 10 mM. Clone libraries of dsrAB genes and bacterial 16S rRNA genes show diversified sulfate-reducing communities within and above the sulfate-methane interface. Their phylogenetic profiles and occurrence patterns are not linked to ANME-1b populations, indicating that electron donors other than methane, perhaps petroleum-derived hydrocarbons, drive sulfate reduction. The archaeal component of anaerobic oxidation of methane is comprised of an active population of mainly ANME-1b in this hypersaline sediment.
Bayesian Model comparison of Higgs couplings
Creators: name: Bergstrom, Johannes
name: Riad, Stella
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the possibility of contributions from physics beyond the Standard Model (SM) to the Higgs couplings, in the light of the LHC data. The work is performed within an interim framework where the magnitude of the Higgs production and decay rates are rescaled though Higgs coupling scale factors. We perform Bayesian parameter inference on these scale factors, concluding that there is good compatibility with the SM. Furthermore, we carry out Bayesian model comparison on all models where any combination of scale factors can differ from their SM values and find that typically models with fewer free couplings are strongly favoured. We consider the evidence that each coupling individually equals the SM value, making the minimal assumptions on the other couplings. Finally, we make a comparison of the SM against a single "not-SM" model, and find that there is moderate to strong evidence for the SM.
description: 24 pages, 4 figures
Genetic Variance in the Composition of Two Functional Groups (Diazotrophs and Cyanobacteria) from a Hypersaline Microbial Mat
Creators: name: Paerl, H. W.
name: Steppe, T. F.
name: Yannarell, A. C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2006

description: Examination of variation in ecological communities can lead to an understanding of the forces that structure communities, the consequences of change at the ecosystem level, and the relevant scales involved. This study details spatial and seasonal variability in the composition of nitrogen-fixing and cyanobacterial (i.e., oxygenic photosynthetic) functional groups of a benthic, hypersaline microbial mat from Salt Pond, San Salvador Island, Bahamas. This system shows extreme annual variability in the salinity of the overlying water and the extent of water coverage. Analysis of molecular variance and FST tests of genetic differentiation of nifH and cyanobacterial 16S rRNA gene clone libraries allowed for changes at multiple taxonomic levels (i.e., above, below, and at the species level) to inform the conclusions regarding these functional groups. Composition of the nitrogen-fixing community showed significant seasonal changes related to salinity, while cyanobacterial composition showed no consistent seasonal pattern. Both functional groups exhibited significant spatial variation, changing with depth in the mat and horizontally with distance from the shoreline. The patterns of change suggest that cyanobacterial composition was more insensitive to water stress, and consequently, cyanobacteria dominated the nitrogen-fixing community during dry months but gave way to a more diverse community of diazotrophs in wet months. This seasonal pattern may allow the mat community to respond quickly to water-freshening events after prolonged dry conditions (system recovery) and maintain ecosystem function in the face of disturbance during the wet season (system resilience).
title: Ball Raider (1987)
title: La méthode Horror Game Politics pour décrire les jeux vidéo
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Demleitner, Adrian
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Video Game Studies
Video Game Research
Video Game History
Horror Game Politics

description: Cette présentation a introduit une étude de cas sur Ball Raider (1987) et la méthodologie Horror Game Politics aux étudiants du cours "Histoire et préservation du jeu vidéo : état des lieux en Suisse".
This presentation introduced a case study on Ball Raider (1987) and the Horror Game Politics methodology to students of the course "Histoire et préservation du jeu vidéo : état des lieux en Suisse".
A novel diphenylbutenoid-type compound from the rhizomes of Zingiber montanum (J.Koenig) Link ex A.Dietr. (Zingiberaceae)
Creators: name: Le, Tho Huu
name: Dang, Phu Hoang
name: Truong, Hai Nhung
name: Dang, Thanh Minh
name: Nguyen, Hai Xuan
name: Van Do, Truong Nhat
name: Nguyen, Mai Thanh Thi
name: Nguyen, Nhan Trung
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology

description: From the EtOAc-soluble extract of the rhizomes of Zingiber montanum (J.Koenig) Link ex A.Dietr., a novel diphenylbutenoid, montadinin A (1) and a previously unreported phenylbutenoid compound, 1-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)but-3-en-2-ol (7), in natural source were isolated. Additionally, seven known phenylbutenoids were also identified. The structures of all compounds were elucidated through NMR spectroscopic interpretation. Compounds cis-3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-4-[(E)-3,4-dimethoxystyryl]cyclohex-1-ene (2), cis-4-[(E)-3,4-dimethoxystyryl]-3-(2,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)cyclohex-1-ene (3), trans-3-(3,4,-dimethoxyphenyl)-4-[(E)-2,4,5-trimethoxystyryl]cyclohex-1-ene (5), and cis-3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-4-[(Z)-2,4,5-trimethoxylstyryl]cyclohex-1-ene (6) showed weak cytotoxicity against HepG2 cells with IC50 values of 122.9, 127.3, 257.5, and 168.5 µM, respectively.
Isolation of Two Polyketide Synthase Gene Fragments from the Uncultured Microbial Symbiont of the Marine Bryozoan Bugula neritina
Creators: name: Targett, N. M.
name: Lopanik, N. B.
name: Lindquist, N.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2006

description: “Candidatus Endobugula sertula,” the uncultured microbial symbiont of the bryozoan Bugula neritina, produces ecologically and biomedically important polyketide metabolites called bryostatins. We isolated two gene fragments from B. neritina larvae that have high levels of similarity to polyketide synthase genes. These gene fragments are clearly associated with the symbiont and not with the host.
Representation theory for subfactors, $λ$-lattices and C*-tensor categories
Creators: name: Popa, Sorin
name: Vaes, Stefaan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We develop a representation theory for $λ$-lattices, arising as standard invariants of subfactors, and for rigid C*-tensor categories, including a definition of their universal C*-algebra. We use this to give a systematic account of approximation and rigidity properties for subfactors and tensor categories, like (weak) amenability, the Haagerup property and property (T). We determine all unitary representations of the Temperley-Lieb-Jones $λ$-lattices and prove that they have the Haagerup property and the complete metric approximation property. We also present the first subfactors with property (T) standard invariant and that are not constructed from property (T) groups.
description: v3: minor changes, final version to appear in Communications in Mathematical Physics. v2: improved exposition; permanence of property (T) under quotients added
Multiparameter estimation with two qubit probes in noisy channels
Creators: name: Conlon, Lorcan. O.
name: Lam, Ping Koy
name: Assad, Syed. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This work compares the performance of single and two qubit probes for estimating several phase rotations simultaneously under the action of different noisy channels. We compute the quantum limits for this simultaneous estimation using collective and individual measurements by evaluating the Holevo and Nagaoka-Hayashi Cramér-Rao bounds respectively. Several quantum noise channels are considered, namely the decohering channel, the amplitude damping channel and the phase damping channel. For each channel we find the optimal single and two qubit probes. Where possible we demonstrate an explicit measurement strategy which saturates the appropriate bound and we investigate how closely the Holevo bound can be approached through collective measurements on multiple copies of the same probe. We find that under the action of the considered channels, two qubit probes show enhanced parameter estimation capabilities over single qubit probes for almost all non-identity channels, i.e. the achievable precision with a single qubit probe degrades faster with increasing exposure to the noisy environment than that of the two qubit probe. However, in sufficiently noisy channels, we show that it is possible for single qubit probes to outperform maximally entangled two qubit probes. This work shows that, in order to reach the ultimate precision limits allowed by quantum mechanics, entanglement is required in both the state preparation and state measurement stages. It is hoped the tutorial-style nature of this paper will make it easily accessible.
description: Tutorial-type case study for multiparameter estimation,27 pages and 10 pages supplementary
Dialogues entre linguistes
Creators: name: Mondada, Lorenza
name: Lüdi, Georges
name: Guerra, Stéphanie
name: Franceschini, Rita
name: Fünfschilling, Johanna
name: Papaloïzos, Lilli
name: Saudan, Victor
name: Pekarek, Simona
name: Müller, Katharina
name: Bischofsberger, Marco
name: Lurati, Ottavio
name: Kristol, Andres
name: Schmid, Beatrice
name: Colón Doménech, Germán
Publisher: name: emono
Year: 2017

description: Copyright © Romanisches Seminar der Universität Basel 1998
Microbial Community in Black Rust Exposed to Hot Ridge Flank Crustal Fluids
Creators: name: Engelen, B.
name: Wheat, C. G.
name: Takai, K.
name: Suzuki, Y.
name: Nakagawa, S.
name: Steinsbu, B. O.
name: Lever, M. A.
name: Inagaki, F.
name: Sako, Y.
name: Horikoshi, K.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2006

description: During Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Expedition 301, we obtained a sample of black rust from a circulation obviation retrofit kit (CORK) observatory at a borehole on the eastern flank of Juan de Fuca Ridge. Due to overpressure, the CORK had failed to seal the borehole. Hot fluids from oceanic crust had discharged to the overlying bottom seawater and resulted in the formation of black rust analogous to a hydrothermal chimney deposit. Both culture-dependent and culture-independent analyses indicated that the black-rust-associated community differed from communities reported from other microbial habitats, including hydrothermal vents at seafloor spreading centers, while it shared phylotypes with communities previously detected in crustal fluids from the same borehole. The most frequently retrieved sequences of bacterial and archaeal 16S rRNA genes were related to the genera Ammonifex and Methanothermococcus, respectively. Most phylotypes, including phylotypes previously detected in crustal fluids, were isolated in pure culture, and their metabolic traits were determined. Quantification of the dissimilatory sulfite reductase (dsrAB) genes, together with stable sulfur isotopic and electron microscopic analyses, strongly suggested the prevalence of sulfate reduction, potentially by the Ammonifex group of bacteria. Stable carbon isotopic analyses suggested that the bulk of the microbial community was trophically reliant upon photosynthesis-derived organic matter. This report provides important insights into the phylogenetic, physiological, and trophic characteristics of subseafloor microbial ecosystems in warm ridge flank crusts.
Coexistence of phases in asymmetric nuclear matter under strong magnetic fields
Creators: name: Aguirre, R.
name: Bauer, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The equation of state of nuclear matter is strongly affected by the presence of a magnetic field. Here we study the equilibrium configuration of asymmetric nuclear matter for a wide range of densities, isospin composition, temperatures and magnetic fields. Special attention is paid to the low density and low temperature domain, where a thermodynamical instability exists. Neglecting fluctuations of the Coulomb force, a coexistence of phases is found under such conditions, even for extreme magnetic intensities. We describe the nuclear interaction by using the non--relativistic Skyrme potential model within a Hartree--Fock approach. We found that the coexistence of phases modifies the equilibrium configuration, masking most of the manifestations of the spin polarized matter. However, the compressibility and the magnetic susceptibility show clear signals of this fact. Thermal effects are significative for both quantities, mainly out of the coexistence region.
description: 28 pages, 12 figures. This version agrees the published manuscript
Synthesis, isolation, characterization of C3-C11 bridge-bond isomer of paclitaxel and its antitumor effect via inducing A549 cells pyroptosis
Creators: name: Yang, Wen
name: Yin, Qiming
name: Tian, Jing
name: Jia, Qiang
name: Wang, Jifeng
name: Niu, Fengju
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: During the chemical manufacturing control processing of new paclitaxel formulations, a photodegradation impurity called C3-C11 bridge-bond isomer appeared. Our work describes the synthesis, isolation, purification, and structural characterization methods using four spectroscopies: FT-IR, UV, NMR (1H and 13 C), and LC-MS. In addition, we discovered that the C3-C11 bridge-bond isomer can promote A549 cells pyroptosis, and increase pyroptosis-related proteins, including cleaved-caspase 3, cleaved-PARP, GSDME-N, and lactate dehydrogenase, thus making it anti-tumor effects. The study offered data suggesting that the C3-C11 bridge bond isomer may be used as an anti-tumour drug in the future.
Investigating structural and functional aspects of the brain's criticality in stroke
Creators: name: Janarek, Jakub
name: Drogosz, Zbigniew
name: Grela, Jacek
name: Ochab, Jeremi K.
name: Oświęcimka, Paweł
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper addresses the question of the brain's critical dynamics after an injury such as a stroke. It is hypothesized that the healthy brain operates near a phase transition (critical point), which provides optimal conditions for information transmission and responses to inputs. If structural damage could cause the critical point to disappear and thus make self-organized criticality unachievable, it would offer the theoretical explanation for the post-stroke impairment of brain function. In our contribution, however, we demonstrate using network models of the brain, that the dynamics remain critical even after a stroke. In cases where the average size of the second-largest cluster of active nodes, which is one of the commonly used indicators of criticality, shows an anomalous behavior, it results from the loss of integrity of the network, quantifiable within graph theory, and not from genuine non-critical dynamics. We propose a new simple model of an artificial stroke that explains this anomaly. The proposed interpretation of the results is confirmed by an analysis of real connectomes acquired from post-stroke patients and a control group. The results presented refer to neurobiological data; however, the conclusions reached apply to a broad class of complex systems that admit a critical state.
description: 24 pages, 11 figures
Descrevendo os metadados de dados de pesquisa nos planos de Gestão de Dados
Creators: name: Matos, Igor Yure Ramos
name: Júnior, Divino Ignácio Ribeiro
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: Apresentação realizada na sessão O meu Póster em 40 segundos da 13ª Conferência Lusófona de Ciência Aberta, formato híbrido, de 10 a 12 de outubro de 2022.
Multitiered Approach Using Quantitative PCR To Track Sources of Fecal Pollution Affecting Santa Monica Bay, California
Creators: name: Schiff, K.
name: Griffith, J. F.
name: Liang, X.
name: Bera, A. A.
name: Noble, R. T.
name: Fuhrman, J. A.
name: Gregory, J. B.
name: Blackwood, A. D.
name: Hernandez, X.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2006

description: The ubiquity of fecal indicator bacteria such as Escherichia coli and Enterococcus spp. in urban environments makes tracking of fecal contamination extremely challenging. A multitiered approach was used to assess sources of fecal pollution in Ballona Creek, an urban watershed that drains to the Santa Monica Bay (SMB) near Los Angeles, Calif. A mass-based design at six main-stem sites and four major tributaries over a 6-h period was used (i) to assess the flux of Enterococcus spp. and E. coli by using culture-based methods (tier 1); (ii) to assess levels of Enterococcus spp. by using quantitative PCR and to detect and/or quantify additional markers of human fecal contamination, including a human-specific Bacteroides sp. marker and enterovirus, using quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR (tier 2); and (iii) to assess the specific types of enterovirus genomes found via sequence analysis (tier 3). Sources of fecal indicator bacteria were ubiquitous, and concentrations were high, throughout Ballona Creek, with no single tributary dominating fecal inputs. The flux of Enterococcus spp. and E. coli averaged 109 to 1010 cells h−1 and was as high at the head of the watershed as at the mouth prior to discharge into the SMB. In addition, a signal for the human-specific Bacteroides marker was consistently detected: 86% of the samples taken over the extent during the study period tested positive. Enteroviruses were quantifiable in 14 of 36 samples (39%), with the highest concentrations at the site furthest upstream (Cochran). These results indicated the power of using multiple approaches to assess and quantify fecal contamination in freshwater conduits to high-use, high-priority recreational swimming areas.
The residential water use change after water tariff reform in Hangzhou, China
Creators: name: Zhang, Rui
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2023

description: Water tariffs play a vital role in managing residential water consumption and ensuring the long-term financial viability of water utilities. In 2014, China made a significant reform of its water tariff system. Some cities like Hangzhou started to use an unusual increasing block tariff (IBT) structure as their water tariff structures. This study aims to analyze the water use change after the tariff reform, in both urban and rural areas, by analyzing customer billing records from in Xiaoshan district, Hangzhou, from year 2013 to 2022. Additionally, interviews with municipal officials in Hangzhou were conducted to gain deeper insights into the policy changes. The findings indicate that, despite higher tariffs, there has been an overall increase in average water consumption and a rise in the number of high-water users from 2013 to now.
Dynamical mechanism for ultra-light scalar Dark Matter
Creators: name: Alexandre, Jean
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Assuming a double-well bare potential for a self-interacting scalar field, with the Higgs vacuum expectation value, it is shown that non-perturbative quantum corrections naturally lead to ultra-light particles of mass $\simeq10^{-23}$eV, if these non-perturbative effects occur at a time consistent with the Electroweak phase transition. This mechanism could be relevant in the context of Bose Einstein Condensate studies for the description of cold Dark Matter. Given the numerical consistency with the Electroweak transition, an interaction potential for Higgs and Dark Matter fields is proposed, where spontaneous symmetry breaking for the Higgs field leads to the generation of ultra-light particles, in addition to the usual Higgs mechanism. This model also naturally leads to extremely weak interactions between the Higgs and Dark Matter particles.
description: 12 pages, includes the derivation of the effective potential suppressed by the volume
Input shapes the output: the role of emotional input on children’s emotional behavior
Creators: name: Reider, Lori Beth
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2023

description: Children are exposed to a wide variety of emotional input in their daily lives, and rely on this information to make sense of the world around them. Specifically, interactions between caregivers and children are filled with emotional input, including emotional language. Conversations between caregivers and children frame their everyday experiences and directly influence how children think, feel, and behave across development. However, little work has explored how the typical, everyday emotional input that children receive shapes their emotional development, and whether we can manipulate the kinds of emotional input children receive to foster healthy emotional outcomes. Across four studies, this dissertation examined how both negative (Studies 1 and 2) and positive (Studies 3 and 4) emotional language input shapes children’s attitudes and behaviors in early childhood, and whether we can manipulate the input children receive to shape emotional outcomes. Study 1 examined how naturally occurring negative emotional input from parents affects children’s fear and avoidance of commonly feared animals (e.g., snakes, spiders). Study 2 examined whether we could reduce the negative input parents provide about commonly feared animals and whether changing the input that children receive can reduce children’s fear toward those same animals. Study 3 examined how positive emotional input from parents’ shape children’s positive emotional behaviors across different contexts (e.g., playing with their pets and lifelike toys). Study 4 examined how positive emotional input can be used to promote positive attitudes toward negatively viewed animals. Taken together, using both naturalistic and experimental designs, this dissertation examined the natural variation in the emotional language input children receive in their daily lives across different contexts, examined how emotional input relates to children’s attitudes and behaviors, and explored whether we can manipulate the emotional input children receive to promote positive emotional outcomes.
Hierarchical Control and Management in a CAI Visual Authoring Environment
Creators: Garraway, Robert William Thomas
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 1993

A review of the historical development of CAI from the creative breakthrough

in 1958, through the replication period [1959-66], the empirical period [1967-74],

the theoretical period [1975-82], and the automation period [1983-90] was

carried out. The evolution of the sequence control and courseware management

aspects of CAI languages and authoring systems was examined. These two

aspects are the focus of this thesis. It was found that almost all CAI

languages and authoring systems tend to provide a two level system of

management and control: a within-file system and a separate and distinct

between-file system. It was concluded that a more unified multi-level system of

management and control features in a CAI system would enhance courseware

organization, design and development. Ideas for the design of a large scale CAI

system were also contributed from the following areas of computer science: the

concept of abstraction, visual programming, human-computer interaction, and

graphical user interfaces.

The design of a large scale, multi-user CAI system was proposed based on

a modular CAI language, ERAS, which has six sub-languages: CONTROL,

CONTENT, DISPLAY, INPUT, ANSWER, and MENU. The system supported a

hierarchical courseware data base and a visual authoring environment. It was

designed to have a unified look and feel for all classes of users, to incorporate

features that support user and courseware registration, and to assist authors at

the design stage of courseware development.

Two single user prototypes were developed to test some of the design

features and the user interface, one on a Digital Equipment VAX using Elf

(Educational Language Facility) and the other on a Commodore AMIGA using

Intuition and GFABasic with Extend. The features tested included a multibranch

tree structured data base, the nodes of which held all courseware modules.

The authoring environment was maintained on an execution stack as

the author navigated the tree structure. The visual authoring environment

consisted of a file card metaphor of the data in the tree structure as well as a

tree structure editor which presented contextual information on the tree node

currently being edited.
A new feruloylfriedelinol from the stems of Bridelia stipularis and its α–glucosidase inhibition
Creators: name: Limtragool, Oue-artorn
name: Pitchuanchom, Siripit
name: Saensouk, Surapon
name: Poopasit, Kitisak
name: Kanokmedhakul, Kwanjai
name: Kanokmedhakul, Somdej
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biochemistry
Space Science
Pharmacology
Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Phytochemical investigation of the stems of Bridelia stipularis led to the isolation of a new triterpene, 3β-O-trans-feruloylfriedelinol (1), together with five known compounds, friedelin (2), 3β-friedelinol (3), lupeol (4), stigmasterol (5), and 4-(1,5-dimethyl-3-oxo-4-hexenyl)benzoic acid (6). Their structures were identified by intensive spectroscopic analysis including 1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance, infrared, and mass spectrometry. Compound 1 showed significant α-glucosidase inhibitory activity (IC50 = 337.49 ± 0.59 µM) close to the standard, acarbose. Furthermore, the structure activity relationship of 1 was analyzed by molecular docking studies. In addition, the molecular docking results showed that the interaction between 1 and the active site occurred through hydrophobic forces and hydrogen bonds.
CHARACTERIZATION OF NOVEL ANTIMICROBIAL PEPTIDES FROM CAPSICUM PLANTS
Creators: name: Culver, Kevin
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2023

description: Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are host defense peptides ubiquitous across all life, with promising applications towards human health. However, these compounds are still largely underexplored in plants, with a limited number of AMP families identified. Increasingly available genomic and transcriptomic data across plant species can be leveraged with mass spectrometric approaches as well as in silico predictive tools towards the discovery of novel AMPs.This thesis demonstrates the implementation of these tools within several plants of the Capsicum genus. Two novel AMPs with robust antibacterial activity, CC-AMP1 and CC-AMP2, were discovered and characterized from Capsicum chinense x frutescens (Chapter 1). Additional Capsicum species were explored and several AMPs highly similar to CC-AMP1 and CC-AMP2 were identified, indicating these to belong to two previously undiscovered AMP families. Antibacterial activity of the CC-AMP1-like peptides was directly compared and key residues and features responsible for maximizing antimicrobial potency were uncovered. Finally, in silico predictions indicated more of these CC-AMP1-like and CC-AMP2-like peptides to likely be expressed within multiple plant species outside of the Capsicum genus (Chapter 2). This work ultimately expands our knowledge of plant AMPs, identifying two novel families with promising antimicrobial activity.
Rapid One-Step Quantitative Reverse Transcriptase PCR Assay with Competitive Internal Positive Control for Detection of Enteroviruses in Environmental Samples
Creators: name: Gregory, J. B.
name: Noble, R. T.
name: Litaker, R. W.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2006

description: Human enteroviruses can serve as a more accurate indicator of human fecal contamination than conventional bacteriological fecal indicators. We describe here a quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR (qRT-PCR) assay specifically tailored to detect these viruses in environmental waters. The assay included a competitive internal positive control (CIPC) that allowed the inhibition of qRT-PCRs to be quantitatively assessed. Coamplification of the CIPC with enteroviral genetic material did not affect the sensitivity, specificity, or reproducibility of the enteroviral qRT-PCR assay. The assay is rapid (less than 5 h from sample to result), has a wide dynamic range (>3 logs), and is capable of detecting as few as 25 enteroviral genomes with an average amplification efficiency of 0.91. In samples with low or moderate inhibition, the delay in CIPC amplification was used to adjust enterovirus qRT-PCR concentrations to account for losses due to inhibition. Samples exhibiting significant inhibition were not corrected but instead diluted twofold and immediately assayed again. Using significantly inhibited samples, it was found that dilution relieved inhibition in 93% (25 of 27) of the samples. In addition, 15% (4 of 27) of these previously negative samples contained enteroviral genomes. The high-throughput format of the assay compared to conventional culture-based methods offers a fast, reliable, and specific method for detecting enteroviruses in environmental water samples. The ability of the assay to identify false negatives and provide improved quantitative assessments of enterovirus concentrations will facilitate the tracking of human fecal contamination and the assessment of potential public health risk due to enteroviruses in recreational and shellfish harvesting waters.
Sequence Variation among Group III F-Specific RNA Coliphages from Water Samples and Swine Lagoons
Creators: name: Oudejans, S. J. G.
name: Scott, G. I.
name: Stewart, J. R.
name: Vinje, J.
name: Sobsey, M. D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2006

description: Typing of F-specific RNA (FRNA) coliphages has been proposed as a useful method for distinguishing human from animal fecal contamination in environmental samples. Group II and III FRNA coliphages are generally associated with human wastes, but several exceptions have been noted. In the present study, we have genotyped and partially sequenced group III FRNA coliphage field isolates from swine lagoons in North Carolina (NC) and South Carolina (SC), along with isolates from surface waters and municipal wastewaters. Phylogenetic analysis of a region of the 5′ end of the maturation protein gene revealed two genetically different group III FRNA subclusters with 36.6% sequence variation. The SC swine lagoon isolates were more closely related to group III prototype virus M11, whereas the isolates from a swine lagoon in NC, surface waters, and wastewaters grouped with prototype virus Q-beta. These results suggest that refining phage genotyping systems to discriminate M11-like phages from Q-beta-like phages would not necessarily provide greater discriminatory power in distinguishing human from animal sources of pollution. Within the group III subclusters, nucleotide sequence diversity ranged from 0% to 6.9% for M11-like strains and from 0% to 8.7% for Q-beta-like strains. It is demonstrated here that nucleotide sequencing of closely related FRNA strains can be used to help track sources of contamination in surface waters. A similar use of phage genomic sequence information to track fecal pollution promises more reliable results than phage typing by nucleic acid hybridization and may hold more potential for field applications.
Linking Tests of Gravity On All Scales: from the Strong-Field Regime to Cosmology
Creators: name: Baker, Tessa
name: Psaltis, Dimitrios
name: Skordis, Constantinos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The current effort to test General Relativity employs multiple disparate formalisms for different observables, obscuring the relations between laboratory, astrophysical and cosmological constraints. To remedy this situation, we develop a parameter space for comparing tests of gravity on all scales in the universe. In particular, we present new methods for linking cosmological large-scale structure, the Cosmic Microwave Background and gravitational waves with classic PPN tests of gravity. Diagrams of this gravitational parameter space reveal a noticeable untested regime. The untested window, which separates small-scale systems from the troubled cosmological regime, could potentially hide the onset of corrections to General Relativity.
description: 15+6 pages; 2 figures. Figures available online at http://users.ox.ac.uk/~lady2729/Welcome.html . Updated to match published version -- minor textual changes only
Gauss-Manin System and the Virtual Structure Constants
Creators: name: Jinzenji, Masao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we discuss some applications of Givental's differential equations to enumerative problems on rational curves in projective hypersurfaces. Using this method, we prove some of the conjectures on the structure constants of quantum cohomology of projective hypersurfaces, proposed in our previous article. Moreover, we clarify the correspondence between the virtual structure constants and Givental's differential equations when the projective hypersurface is Calabi-Yau or general type.
description: 25 pages, Latex, references added, minor errors are corrected
A Dynamic Programming Approach to the Parisi Functional
Creators: name: Jagannath, Aukosh
name: Tobasco, Ian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Primiary: 60K35, 82B44, 82D30, 49N90, Secondary: 35Q82, 35K58, 49S05

description: G.Parisi predicted an important variational formula for the thermodynamic limit of the intensive free energy for a class of mean field spin glasses. In this paper, we present an elementary approach to the study of the Parisi functional using stochastic dynamic programing and semi-linear PDE. We give a derivation of important properties of the Parisi PDE avoiding the use of Ruelle Probability Cascades and Cole-Hopf transformations. As an application, we give a simple proof of the strict convexity of the Parisi functional, which was recently proved by Auffinger and Chen in [2].
description: Edits to take in to account referee's comments and suggestions. To appear in Proceedings of the AMS
Stratified Communities of Active Archaea in Deep Marine Subsurface Sediments
Creators: name: Teske, A.
name: Sorensen, K. B.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2006

description: Archaeal 16S rRNA was extracted from samples of deep marine subsurface sediments from Peru Margin site 1227, Ocean Drilling Program leg 201. The amounts of archaeal 16S rRNA in each extract were quantified by serial dilution and reverse transcription (RT)-PCR. The results indicated a 1,000-fold variation in rRNA content with depth in the sediment, with the highest concentrations found near the sediment surface and in the sulfate-methane transition zone (SMTZ). The phylogenetic composition of the active archaeal population revealed by cloning and sequencing of RT-PCR products changed with depth. Several phylotypes affiliated with marine benthic group B (MBGB) dominated clone libraries from the upper part of the SMTZ and were detected only in this layer. Members of the miscellaneous crenarchaeotal group (MCG) dominated clone libraries from the other layers. These results demonstrate that archaeal communities change in activity and community composition over short distances in geochemically distinct zones of deep subseafloor sediments and that these changes are traceable in the rRNA pool. It was shown for the first time that members of both the MCG and MBGB Archaea are more active in the SMTZ than in layers above and below. This indicates that they benefit either directly or indirectly from the anaerobic oxidation of methane. They also appear to be ecophysiologically flexible, as they have been retrieved from a wide range of marine sediments of various geochemical properties.
An Open-Source Neutrino Radiation Hydrodynamics Code for Core-Collapse Supernovae
Creators: name: O'Connor, Evan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an open-source update to the spherically-symmetric, general-relativistic hydrodynamics, core-collapse supernova (CCSN) code GR1D (O'Connor & Ott, 2010, CQG, 27, 114103). The source code is available at http://www.GR1Dcode.org. We extend its capabilities to include a general relativistic treatment of neutrino transport based on the moment formalisms of Shibata et al., 2011, PTP, 125, 1255 and Cardall et al., 2013, PRD, 87 103004. We pay special attention to implementing and testing numerical methods and approximations that lessen the computational demand of the transport scheme by removing the need to invert large matrices. This is especially important for the implementation and development of moment-like transport methods in two and three dimensions. A critical component of neutrino transport calculations are the neutrino-matter interaction coefficients that describe the production, absorption, scattering, and annihilation of neutrinos. In this article we also describe our open-source, neutrino interaction library NuLib (available at http://www.nulib.org). We believe that an open-source approach to describing these interactions is one of the major steps needed to progress towards robust models of CCSNe and robust predictions of the neutrino signal. We show, via comparisons to full Boltzmann neutrino transport simulations of CCSNe, that our neutrino transport code performs remarkably well. Furthermore, we show that the methods and approximations we employ to increase efficiency do not decrease the fidelity of our results. We also test the ability of our general relativistic transport code to model failed CCSN by evolving a 40 solar-mass progenitor to the onset of collapse to a black hole.
description: 21 emulateapj pages (10 figures, 1 table), version accepted to ApJS, See http://www.stellarcollapse.org/GR1Dv2 for source code details and data