cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Topological defects in 1D elastic waves
Creators: name: Morales, A.
name: Méndez-Sánchez, R. A.
name: Flores, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has been recently shown theoretically that a topological defect in a 1D periodic potential may give rise to two localized states within the energy gaps. In this work we present an experimental realization of this effect for the case of torsional waves in elastic rods. We also show numerically that three, or even more, localized states can be present if the parameters characterizing the topological defect are suitably varied.
description: 3 pages, 4 figures, accepted in Physica E
A model of top-down gain control in the auditory system
Creators: name: Schneider, Bruce
name: Parker, Scott
name: Murphy, Dana
Publisher: name: American University (Washington, D.C.)
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 52
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: To evaluate a model of top-down gain control in the auditory system, 6 participants were asked to identify 1-kHz pure tones differing only in intensity. There were three 20-session conditions: (1) four soft tones (25, 30, 35, and 40 dB SPL) in the set; (2) those four soft tones plus a 50-dB SPL tone; and (3) the four soft tones plus an 80-dB SPL tone. The results were well described by a top-down, nonlinear gain-control system in which the amplifier’s gain depended on the highest intensity in the stimulus set. Individual participants’ identification judgments were generally compatible with an equal-variance signal-detection model in which the mean locations of the distribution of effects along the decision axis were determined by the operation of this nonlinear amplification system.
Lower Bounds on Quantum Query Complexity
Creators: name: Hoyer, Peter
name: Spalek, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Shor's and Grover's famous quantum algorithms for factoring and searching show that quantum computers can solve certain computational problems significantly faster than any classical computer. We discuss here what quantum computers_cannot_ do, and specifically how to prove limits on their computational power. We cover the main known techniques for proving lower bounds, and exemplify and compare the methods.
description: survey, 23 pages
PyMatting: A Python Library for Alpha Matting
Creators: name: Germer, Thomas
name: Uelwer, Tobias
name: Conrad, Stefan
name: Harmeling, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: An important step of many image editing tasks is to extract specific objects from an image in order to place them in a scene of a movie or compose them onto another background. Alpha matting describes the problem of separating the objects in the foreground from the background of an image given only a rough sketch. We introduce the PyMatting package for Python which implements various approaches to solve the alpha matting problem. Our toolbox is also able to extract the foreground of an image given the alpha matte. The implementation aims to be computationally efficient and easy to use. The source code of PyMatting is available under an open-source license at https://github.com/pymatting/pymatting.
Additional file 1 of Pre-Participation Evaluation of Recreational and Competitive Athletes – A Systematic Review of Guidelines and Consensus Statements
Creators: name: Weise, Alina
name: Könsgen, Nadja
name: Joisten, Christine
name: Schlumberger, Fabian
name: Hirschmüller, Anja
name: Breuing, Jessica
name: Gooßen, Käthe
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 1
A Study of Domestic and Foreign Mango Research Progress during 2013-2014: Based on Literature Analysis
Creators: name: CHENG Chunyan
name: HU Xiaochan
name: CHENG Chunyan
name: HU Xiaochan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Domestic and foreign research, Mango, Literature, Analysis

description: The scientific literature retrieval and analysis is of great significance to promoting scientific research and technological progress. Based on the related literature included in SCI-EXPANDED and EI database, we make a comparative analysis of the main domestic and foreign mango research literature information during 2013-2014, and carry out the comparative study of the mango research countries and main research progress about the articles included in domestic and foreign mango literature as well as main research disciplines and fields during 2013-2014, so as to provide a reference for the Chinese mango research.
title: The Application of Systemic Functional Linguistics to Teaching L2 Academic Writing
Creators: name: Bowers, Susan
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2012

description: Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL) is a functional approach to grammar, originating with Michael Halliday (1985, An Introduction to Functional Grammar). This study looks at the effect of incorporating SFL ideas into a more traditional Communicative course, working with a teacher and students at the University of Barcelona. Classroom material was designed, based around texts from an exhibition on Darwin's 'The Origin of Species'. Two experimental groups and two control groups, from intermediate and advanced levels, taught by the same teacher, participated in the research. The experimental groups used the materials (representing about 10 hours of class time) in combination with their normal English course, while the control groups followed the traditional course only. The pre-test-post-test methodology involved the students in all 4 groups writing an essay before and after the course, and these texts formed the basis of the data analysis. The data analysis stage explored the use of the SFL concepts of Theme and Thematic progression (the way that the Themes are linked) within the organisation of the student texts, and the contribution of these features to the development of cohesion. The methodology was therefore quantitative, with some qualitative material in the form of questionnaires for the students and written feedback from the teacher. Quantitative results showed that the use of the materials, which were designed around a text-based approach to language learning, affected choices of both Theme type and Thematic progression. Within Theme type, interpersonal Theme changes were more apparent and more systematic (across all groups) than changes elsewhere, and may be linked to Thematic progression. Results for Thematic progression showed an increase in the number of post-test cross-referential Themes for both experimental and control groups, and a decline in the use of constant Theme for all groups except the intermediate control. An awareness and effective management of Thematic choice and progression, together with related cohesive devices within a text, are therefore interpreted as important features of academic writing, and explicit teaching of them appears to contribute to the production of more successful texts in this context. Overall, teacher and student responses were positive, especially in the case of the intermediate group: the materials were seen as challenging, but interesting and useful.
Geological and taphonomic context for the new hominin species Homo naledi from the Dinaledi Chamber, South Africa
Creators: name: Dirks, Paul HGM
name: Berger, Lee R.
name: Roberts, Eric M.
name: Kramers, Jan D.
name: Hawks, John
name: Randolph-Quinney, Patrick S.
name: Elliott, Marina
name: Musiba, Charles M.
name: Churchill, Steven E.
name: de Ruiter, Darryl J.
name: Schmid, Peter
name: Backwell, Lucinda R.
name: Belyanin, Georgy A.
name: Boshoff, Pedro
name: Hunter, K. Lindsay
name: Feurriegel, Elen M.
name: Gurtov, Alia
name: Harrison, James du G.
name: Hunter, Rick
name: Kruger, Ashley
name: Morris, Hannah
name: Makhubela, Tebogo V.
name: Peixotto, Becca
name: Tucker, Steven
Publisher: name: American University (Washington, D.C.)
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 4301
subject: Archaeology
classificationCode: 4401
subject: Anthropology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Description to be added
Tactical production planning in a hybrid MTS/MTO system using Stackelberg game
Creators: name: Esmaeili, Maryam
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 91503 Engineering Practice
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies

description: In this paper, a pricing and lead time determination problem, is investigated in a hybrid MTS/MTO production environment using Stackelberg game. A manufacturing company with three types of products including MTS, MTS/MTO and MTO and a manufacturing system consists of one common and one differentiation stage is considered. Due to the conflict of interests between these two stages, the decision making sequence is modelled using a Stackelberg game where the differentiation and the common stages are considered to be leader and follower, respectively. The company aims to satisfy the demand of MTS products along with on time delivery of MTS/MTO and MTO orders. The optimal order price and delivery time are suggested to be obtained from a profit maximization model, where the market demand is affected by these two values. Finally, a simulation model is conducted to examine the effectiveness of the proposed model and also to implement a sensitivity analysis on the results.
YZiCS: Unveiling Quenching History of Cluster Galaxies Using Phase-space Analysis
Creators: name: Rhee, Jinsu
name: Smith, Rory
name: Choi, Hoseung
name: Contini, Emanuele
name: Jung, S. Lyla
name: Han, San
name: Yi, Sukyoung K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We used the time since infall (TSI) of galaxies, obtained from the Yonsei Zoom-in Cluster Simulation, and the star formation rate (SFR) from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) Data Release 10 to study how quickly star formation of disk galaxies is quenched in cluster environments. We first confirm that both simulated and observed galaxies are consistently distributed in phase space. We then hypothesize that the TSI and SFR are causally connected; thus, both the TSI and SFR of galaxies at each position of phase space can be associated through abundance matching. Using a flexible model, we derive the star formation history (SFH) of cluster galaxies that best reproduces the relationship between the TSI and SFR at $z\sim 0.08$. According to this SFH, we find that the galaxies with $M_{*} > 10^{9.5} M_{\odot}$ generally follow the so-called "delayed-then-rapid" quenching pattern. Our main results are as following: (i) Part of the quenching takes place outside clusters through mass quenching and pre-processing. The e-folding timescale of this "$ex\text{-}situ$ quenching phase" is roughly 3 Gyr with a strong inverse mass dependence. (ii) The pace of quenching is maintained roughly for 2 Gyr ("delay time") during the first crossing time into the cluster. During the delay time, quenching remains gentle probably because gas loss happens primarily on hot and neutral gases. (iii) Quenching becomes more dramatic (e-folding timescale of roughly 1 Gyr) after delay time, probably because ram pressure stripping is strongest near the cluster center. Counter-intuitively, more massive galaxies show shorter quenching timescales mainly because they enter their clusters with lower gas fractions due to $ex\text{-}situ$ quenching.
description: 24 pages, 11 figures, 1 table, accepted to ApJS
Implications of risk-sharing strategies on supply chains with multiple retailers and under random yield
Creators: name: Esmaeili, Maryam
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 91503 Engineering Practice
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies

description: Nowadays, supply chain management cannot be overlooked with the existence of uncertainties caused by both the random demand and the random production yield. This paper considers a supply chain which includes a supplier facing random yield and multiple downstream retailers dealing with random demands. Under a Stackelberg game structure, several analytical models are presented in order to investigate the supply risk sharing mechanism within the supply chains. Under the first scenario, the same contracts (either risk-sharing contract (RS) or no risk-sharing contract (NRS)) are non-discriminatively used for all involving retailers. Then, both RS and NRS contracts are offered to the retailers (namely as a non-identical strategy), which results in the segmentation of the retailer groups. Under both scenarios, the analytical solutions to the retailers' optimal order decisions and the supplier's production decisions are obtained. The random yield impact of the supplier is investigated especially on supply chain performances. The effects of demand uncertainty, production costs' sharing, and wholesale price reduction approaches are explored. The key findings include, first, RS contract may significantly reduce supplier's holding costs; second, RS contract benefit both the supplier and the retailers in comparison with NRS contract; third, by process improvement and technology advancement, if the supplier may reduce the supply random yield effect, supply chain performances can be improved. Numerical examples and managerial insights are presented to illustrate the presented models. The findings may benefit both private companies and government agencies regarding decision making and policy setting in industries with high supply risks such as agriculture and farming related industries.
Geological and taphonomic context for the new hominin species Homo naledi from the Dinaledi Chamber, South Africa
Creators: name: Dirks, Paul HGM
name: Berger, Lee R.
name: Roberts, Eric M.
name: Kramers, Jan D.
name: Hawks, John
name: Randolph-Quinney, Patrick S.
name: Elliott, Marina
name: Musiba, Charles M.
name: Churchill, Steven E.
name: de Ruiter, Darryl J.
name: Schmid, Peter
name: Backwell, Lucinda R.
name: Belyanin, Georgy A.
name: Boshoff, Pedro
name: Hunter, K. Lindsay
name: Feurriegel, Elen M.
name: Gurtov, Alia
name: Harrison, James du G.
name: Hunter, Rick
name: Kruger, Ashley
name: Morris, Hannah
name: Makhubela, Tebogo V.
name: Peixotto, Becca
name: Tucker, Steven
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Description to be added
Prevention and Intervention Measures for Abnormal Psychology of Rural College Students: A Case Study of Northwest A&F University
Creators: name: WU Chunfang
name: WU Chunfang
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Rural college students, Abnormal psychology, Measures

description: Due to the negative influence of family’s cultural and education level, economic development, and rural traditional culture, rural college students have such abnormal psychology as inferiority complex in learning and job selection, high psychological pressure, sensitive interpersonal relationship, high emotion fluctuation, confusion in love and sex, and high unknown risks. Therefore, through strengthening the effectiveness of abnormal psychological prevention and intervention, it is expected to prevent rural college students from becoming psychological weak.
Developing economic order quantity model for non-instantaneous deteriorating items in vendor-managed inventory (VMI) system
Creators: name: Esmaeili, Maryam
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 91503 Engineering Practice
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies

description: This paper develops an economic order quantity model for non-instantaneous deteriorating items with and without shortages to investigate the performance of the vendor-managed inventory (VMI) system. This model is developed for a two-level supply chain consisting of a single supplier and single retailer with a single non-instantaneous deteriorating item. A numerical example and sensitivity analysis are provided to illustrate how increasing or reducing the related parameters change the optimal values of the decision variables of the two proposed models. The results show that VMI works better and charges lower cost in all conditions.
The Main Evaluation Indicators for the Quality of Fruit Radish
Creators: name: YUAN Weiling
name: CUI Lei
name: GAN Caixia
name: DENG Xiaohui
name: QIU Zhengming
name: YUAN Weiling
name: CUI Lei
name: GAN Caixia
name: DENG Xiaohui
name: QIU Zhengming
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Fruit radish, Quality, Evaluation indicators, Principal component analysis, Systematic cluster analysis

description: The aim of this study was to establish an scientific evaluation system for fruit radish quality. 8 quality indicators were measured for 23 varieties, such as Meinong, Qiaotouqing and Chunbulao. The indicators included root weight, root shape index, water content, crispness, soluble solids, crude fiber, isothiocyanate and vitamin C. These data were analyzed by variation correlation analysis, principal component analysis and system cluster analysis. 23 varieties of fruit radish were analyzed by variation correlation; 8 indicators were compressed into 6 integrated variables using principal component analysis. Finally, the main evaluation indicators of fruit radish were determined by using cluster analysis and correlation analysis. The results indicated that the range of variation coefficient was from 1.64%—89.99%. Water content, crispness, soluble solids, crude fiber, isothiocyanate were important components of fruit radish quality, playing a major role in the quality. These 8 indicators were closely related and relatively independent. Water content was significantly and positively correlated with crispness; soluble solids and crude fiber were significantly and negatively related to vitamin C; crispness was significantly and positively correlated with crude fiber and vitamin C. Based on the above results, 4 representative indicators were used for evaluating fruit radish quality, that is water content, crispness, soluble solids, crude fiber, which could reflect the most information of fruit radish quality.
Short-term variability and mass loss in Be stars V. Space photometry and ground-based spectroscopy of $γ$ Cas
Creators: name: Borre, Camilla C.
name: Baade, Dietrich
name: Pigulski, Andrzej
name: Panoglou, Despina
name: Weiss, Achim
name: Rivinius, Thomas
name: Handler, Gerald
name: Moffat, Anthony F. J.
name: Popowicz, Adam
name: Wade, Gregg A.
name: Weiss, Werner W.
name: Zwintz, Konstanze
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. Be stars are physically complex systems that continue to challenge theory to understand their rapid rotation, complex variability and decretion disks. $γ$ Cassiopeiae ($γ$ Cas) is one such star but is even more curious because of its unexplained hard thermal X-ray emission. Aims. We aim to examine the optical variability of $γ$ Cas and thereby to shed more light on its puzzling behaviour. Methods. Three hundred twenty-one archival H$α$ spectra from 2006 to 2017 are analysed to search for frequencies corresponding to the 203.5 day orbit of the companion. Space photometry from the SMEI satellite from 2003 to 2011 and the BRITE-Constellation of nano-satellites between 2015 and 2019 is investigated in the period range from a couple of hours to a few days. Results. The orbital period of the companion of 203.5 days is confirmed with independent measurements from the structure of the H$α$ line emission. A strong blue/red asymmetry in the amplitude distribution across the H$α$ emission line could hint at a spiral structure in the decretion disk. With the space photometry, the known frequency of 0.82 d$^{-1}$ is confirmed in data from the early 2000s. A higher frequency of 2.48 d$^{-1}$ is present in the data from 2015 to 2019 and possibly also in the early 2000s. A third frequency at 1.25 d$^{-1}$ is proposed to exist in both SMEI and BRITE data. The only explanation covering all three rapid variations seems to be nonradial pulsation. The two higher frequencies are incompatible with rotation.
description: 13 pages, 12 figures. Accepted for publication in A&A
On the Relationship between Chinese Taoist Rites and Agriculture
Creators: name: WU Longsheng
name: WU Longsheng
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: China, Taoist rites, Agriculture

description: There is a close relationship between Taoism and traditional agriculture in China. This relationship is also manifested in the relationship between Taoist rites and agriculture: the Taoist rites have obvious awareness of stressing the agriculture; holding of Taoist rites, gods worshiped in rites, offerings used, and grain consumed are connected with the agriculture; many actions in rites have nature of imitating the agriculture. The concept of “quietness” and “cleanness” in rites can cultivate the awareness of farmers for respecting the agriculture.
Roles of Supernova Ejecta in Nucleosynthesis of Light Elements, Li, Be, and B
Creators: name: Nakamura, Ko
name: Shigeyama, Toshikazu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Explosions of type Ic supernovae (SNe Ic) are investigated using a relativistic hydrodynamic code to study roles of their outermost layers of the ejecta in light element nucleosynthesis through spallation reactions as a possible mechanism of the "primary" process. We have confirmed that the energy distribution of the outermost layers with a mass fraction of only 0.001 % follows the empirical formula proposed by previous work when the explosion is furious. In such explosions, a significant fraction of the ejecta ($>$0.1 % in mass) have the energy greater than the threshold energy for spallation reactions. On the other hand, it is found that the outermost layers of ejecta become more energetic than the empirical formula would predict when the explosion energy per unit ejecta mass is smaller than $\sim 1.3\times 10^{51}{ergs/}\Msun$. As a consequence, it is necessary to numerically calculate explosions to estimate light element yields from SNe Ic. The usage of the empirical formula would overestimate the yields by a factor of $\gtsim 3$ for energetic explosions such as SN 1998bw and underestimate the yields by a similar factor for less energetic explosions like SN 1994I. The yields of light elements Li, Be, and B (LiBeB) from SNe Ic are estimated by solving the transfer equation of cosmic rays originated from ejecta of SNe Ic and compared with observations.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures, 2 tables, to appear in The Astrophysical Journal
Modern Annotation on Marx’s Theory of Man and Nature
Creators: name: ZHU Jiefang
name: ZHU Jiefang
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Marx, Man, Nature

description: Marx’s theory of man and nature is an indispensable important constituent of Marx’s society development theory. The humanity is not always there, and they come from natural world and are long-term development products of the nature. Man has the undeniable dependence on the nature, but this kind of dependence is not the negative adaptation and is that the humanity has the huge motility to the nature. It should correctly process the relation between man and nature, and realize positive cycle and coordinated development between natural ecology and human society. It has the significant theory value and the practical significance for human society's sustainable development to grasp and comprehend scientific connotation of Marx’s theory of man and nature.
A new approach in determining lot size in supply chain using game theory
Creators: name: Esmaeili, Maryam
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 91503 Engineering Practice
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies

description: Several seller-buyer supply chain models are suggested which emphasis simultaneously on production and market demand. In these models lot size is obtained based on different approaches. In this paper we present a novel approach to determine lot size in a seller-buyer supply chain. There is an interaction between the seller and the buyer, since the seller prefers large production lot sizes and the buyer likes small ones. Therefore for determining lot size, the seller and buyer’s power is illustrated in the models. We consider two strategies for each situation (Seller-Stackelberg, Buyer-Stackelberg) whether the seller or the buyer as a leader, has more power. The leader can justify or enforce the strategy about the lot size to the follower, or let the follower determine their own lot size. Based on our findings we propose the optimal strategies for each situation. Each strategy’s result will be compared by numerical examples presented. In addition, sensitivity analysis of some key parameters in the models and further research are presented.
Voices from the small cinemas : Beyond the remaining countries : beyond "the remaining countries"
Creators: name: Middents, Jeffrey
name: Falicov, Tamara
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: This introduction to a special volume dedicated to translations of recent writings from underexamined cinematic traditions in Latin America (such as Bolivian, Cuba, Colombia, Peru and Puerto Rico) argues for the amplification of voices from “small” cinemas as essential to understanding contemporary cinema from the region as a whole.
A New Gene Selection Algorithm using Fuzzy-Rough Set Theory for Tumor Classification
Creators: name: Farahbakhshian, Seyedeh Faezeh
name: Ahvanooey, Milad Taleby
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In statistics and machine learning, feature selection is the process of picking a subset of relevant attributes for utilizing in a predictive model. Recently, rough set-based feature selection techniques, that employ feature dependency to perform selection process, have been drawn attention. Classification of tumors based on gene expression is utilized to diagnose proper treatment and prognosis of the disease in bioinformatics applications. Microarray gene expression data includes superfluous feature genes of high dimensionality and smaller training instances. Since exact supervised classification of gene expression instances in such high-dimensional problems is very complex, the selection of appropriate genes is a crucial task for tumor classification. In this study, we present a new technique for gene selection using a discernibility matrix of fuzzy-rough sets. The proposed technique takes into account the similarity of those instances that have the same and different class labels to improve the gene selection results, while the state-of-the art previous approaches only address the similarity of instances with different class labels. To meet that requirement, we extend the Johnson reducer technique into the fuzzy case. Experimental results demonstrate that this technique provides better efficiency compared to the state-of-the-art approaches.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures, 6 Tables
LACTIC ACID BACTERIA ISOLATES FROM FERMENTED CAMEL MILK (SUUSAC) ARE POTENTIAL PROTECTIVE CULTURES OF RAW CAMEL MEAT
Creators: name: Wambui, Joseph M.
name: Lamuka, Peter O.
name: Njage, Patrick M. K.
name: Wambui, Joseph M.
name: Lamuka, Peter O.
name: Njage, Patrick M. K.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Lactic acid bacteria, Fermented camel milk, Raw camel meat

description: Camel meat is the mainstay for the inhabitants of arid lands due the resilience and adaptation of camel. However, the lack of sufficient information regarding microbial stability and safety hinders utilisation and market competitiveness of the meat. This study, therefore, aimed at characterising the potential of Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) isolates adapted to camel meat production environment as potential protective cultures against Enterobacteriaceae-the most challenging bacterial contaminant of raw meat- present on raw camel meat. Seven LAB and ten members of Enterobacteriaceae were isolated and characterised from suusac and raw camel meat, respectively. The antimicrobial activity of the LAB against the Enterobacteriaceae members was evaluated by the agar well diffusion assay. Citrobacter spp., Shigella spp. and three out of the seven E. coli isolates were inhibited, while Salmonella spp. was not inhibited by the LAB isolates. The mean diameters of the zone of inhibition ranged from 8.5 mm to 12.5 mm. There was no significant difference between the mean diameters of inhibition zone among the inhibited Enterobacteriaceae members (P>0.05). This study established that raw camel meat may harbour foodborne pathogenic Enterobacteriaceae of a serious concern. LAB from suusac, on the other hand, may repress the growth of some of them through antagonistic interactions. Therefore, LAB showed potential as protective cultures in improving safety and quality of raw camel meat.
Voices from the small cinemas : Beyond the remaining countries : beyond "the remaining countries"
Creators: name: Middents, Jeffrey
name: Falicov, Tamara
Publisher: name: American University (Washington, D.C.)
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 47
subject: Language, communication and culture

description: This introduction to a special volume dedicated to translations of recent writings from underexamined cinematic traditions in Latin America (such as Bolivian, Cuba, Colombia, Peru and Puerto Rico) argues for the amplification of voices from “small” cinemas as essential to understanding contemporary cinema from the region as a whole.
Cultures of kindness : A meta-analysis of trust game experiments
Creators: name: Mislin, Alexandra
name: Johnson, Noel D.
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: We collect data on trust and trustworthy behavior from eighty-four iterations of the Berg, Dickhaut, and McCabe Investment game (the “trust” game). We perform a meta-analysis of these games in order to identify the effect of experimental protocols and cross-country cultural differences on trust and trustworthiness. We find that approximately 40% of the variance in trust and 30% of the variance in trustworthiness is explained by changes to experimental protocols. We also find that cultural variables that are highly correlated with a country’s stock of social capital, such as ethnic fractionalization and income inequality, are most closely related to trustworthiness rather than trust. We use these findings to show that the negative relationship between diversity and social capital disappears as competitive free markets become more prevalent in a country.
Effects of Mirror Seeing on High-Contrast Adaptive Optics Instruments
Creators: name: Tallis, Melisa
name: Bailey, Vanessa P.
name: Macintosh, Bruce
name: Poyneer, Lisa A.
name: Ruffio, Jean-Baptiste
name: Hayward, Thomas L.
name: Rantakyrö, Fredrik T.
name: Chilcote, Jeffrey K.
name: Savransky, Dmitry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ground-based direct imaging surveys like the Gemini Planet Imager Exoplanet Survey (GPIES) rely on Adaptive Optics (AO) systems to image and characterize exoplanets that are up to a million times fainter than their host stars. One factor that can reduce AO performance is turbulence induced by temperature differences in the instrument's immediate surroundings (e.g.: "dome seeing" or "mirror seeing"). In this analysis we use science observations, AO telemetry, and environmental data from September 2014 to February 2017 of the GPIES campaign to quantify the effects of "mirror seeing" on the performance of the GPI instrument. We show that GPI performance is optimal when the primary mirror (M1) is in equilibrium with the outside air temperature. We then examine the characteristics of mirror seeing by calculating the power spectral densities (PSD) of spatial and temporal Fourier modes. Inside the inertial range of the PSDs, we find that the spatial PSD amplitude increases when M1 is out of equilibrium and that the integrated turbulence may exhibit deviations from Kolmogorov atmospheric turbulence models and from the 1-layer frozen flow model. We conclude with an assessment of the current temperature control and ventilation strategy at Gemini South.
FARMERS’ WILLINGNESS TO PAY FOR SOIL CONSERVATION PRACTICES IN GOBU SEYO DISTRICT, EASTERN WOLLEGA ZONE, OROMIA NATIONAL REGIONAL STATE OF ETHIOPIA
Creators: name: Gemechisa Yadeta Ayana
name: Gemechisa Yadeta Ayana
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Farm Management
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Gobu Seyo District, Contingent valuation method, Double bond Dichotomous, soil conservation practices, Probit, Tobit, and Willingness to Pay

description: This study was conducted to explore the household’s willingness to pay (WTP) for soil conservation practices in Gobu Seyo district Oromia National Regional State of Ethiopia. In this study, multi-stage sampling procedure was used to select 3 sample peasant associations (PAs) and 238 specific sample farm households. Data collection was conducted from September to October 2015. The objective were to explore the amount of labour, the household’s (HHs) would be willing to contribute for soil conservation practices and the factors affecting their willingness to contribute the labour. The result pertaining the mean value of WTP for soil conservation practices from sample households were willing to contribute 25.39 man days labor per year. The results obtained through Bivariate Probit to examine factors affecting mean willingness to pay, showed that HHs heads of education level, total income of the household, perception on productivity decline and access to credit were significantly and positively affects while distance to development centers, livestock in tropical live stock unit and initial bid were significantly and negatively affects willingness to pay for soil conservation practices. As policy implications, an effort would be needed to strengthen literacy, increase farmers’ awareness about the importance of conservation practices and credit facilities, increase numbers of extension office to minimize the time of farmers to contact extension workers.
Cultures of kindness : A meta-analysis of trust game experiments
Creators: name: Mislin, Alexandra
name: Johnson, Noel D.
Publisher: name: American University (Washington, D.C.)
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 4607
subject: Graphics, augmented reality and games

description: We collect data on trust and trustworthy behavior from eighty-four iterations of the Berg, Dickhaut, and McCabe Investment game (the “trust” game). We perform a meta-analysis of these games in order to identify the effect of experimental protocols and cross-country cultural differences on trust and trustworthiness. We find that approximately 40% of the variance in trust and 30% of the variance in trustworthiness is explained by changes to experimental protocols. We also find that cultural variables that are highly correlated with a country’s stock of social capital, such as ethnic fractionalization and income inequality, are most closely related to trustworthiness rather than trust. We use these findings to show that the negative relationship between diversity and social capital disappears as competitive free markets become more prevalent in a country.
Spin Effects and Role of Constituent Quark Size
Creators: name: Troshin, S. M.
name: Tyurin, N. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nonperturbative mechanism for spin effects in inclusive production based on the constituent quark model is considered. The main role belongs to the orbital angular momentum and the polarization of the $\bar q q$--pairs in the internal structure of the constituent quarks.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, talk given by S.M. Troshin at the 10-th Workshop on High Energy Spin Physics (Nato Advanced Research Workshop) Spin-03, Dubna, September 16-20, 2003
Additional file 4 of Pre-Participation Evaluation of Recreational and Competitive Athletes – A Systematic Review of Guidelines and Consensus Statements
Creators: name: Weise, Alina
name: Könsgen, Nadja
name: Joisten, Christine
name: Schlumberger, Fabian
name: Hirschmüller, Anja
name: Breuing, Jessica
name: Gooßen, Käthe
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 4
Digital food marketing to children and adolescents : problematic practices and policy interventions
Creators: name: Montgomery, Kathryn
name: Chester, Jeff
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Food and beverage marketing has undergone a dramatic transformation in the digital age. Fast food, snack, and beverage companies are drawing from an expanding toolbox of sophisticated online and social media marketing techniques, and the next few years will see an explosive rise in new tactics targeted especially at young people. Today’s marketing efforts are increasingly multidimensional—simultaneously and purposefully integrated into a range of social media and online applications: Facebook, Twitter, YouTube, gaming, and mobile communications. The goal of contemporary marketing is not simply to expose young people to ads, but rather to foster ongoing engagement—by encouraging them to interact with, befriend, and integrate brands into their personal identities and social worlds. These rapid developments call for comprehensive review and analysis in light of their potential consequences on the childhood obesity epidemic. This report is designed to help policymakers, scholars, health professionals, industry leaders, and consumer advocates develop and refine safeguards for protecting young people from inappropriate marketing in today’s contemporary marketplace. Of particular concern are adolescents, who have been largely overlooked in the public policy debates and in the self-regulatory initiatives developed by the food and advertising industries. Over the past four decades, obesity rates among U.S. teenagers have quadrupled. Today one out of three teens is either overweight or obese, with obesity rates significantly higher for African-American and Hispanic adolescents than for whites. Because of young people’s avid use of new media, food and beverage marketers are aggressively targeting teens, particularly ethnic youth. Recent scientific research suggests that adolescents may be vulnerable to many of the new interactive marketing and advertising practices. The report presents five broad categories of digital marketing techniques that are used routinely by fast food, snack food, and soft drink companies to target children and adolescents. Some of these practices are inherently unfair, others raise serious privacy concerns, and still others are deceptive. Several of the techniques are purposely designed to tap into unconscious processes, thus bypassing the rational decision making that is at the heart of our system of fair marketing.
Gamow Shell-Model Description of Weakly Bound and Unbound Nuclear States
Creators: name: Michel, N.
name: Nazarewicz, W.
name: Ploszajczak, M.
name: Rotureau, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, the shell model in the complex k-plane (the so-called Gamow Shell Model) has been formulated using a complex Berggren ensemble representing bound single-particle states, single-particle resonances, and non-resonant continuum states. In this framework, we shall discuss binding energies and energy spectra of neutron-rich helium and lithium isotopes. The single-particle basis used is that of the Hartree-Fock potential generated self-consistently by the finite-range residual interaction.
description: 13 pages, 2 figures, presented by N. Michel at the XXVII Symposium On Nuclear Physics, Taxco, Guerrero, Mexico, January 5-8 2004
Digital food marketing to children and adolescents : problematic practices and policy interventions
Creators: name: Montgomery, Kathryn
name: Chester, Jeff
Publisher: name: American University (Washington, D.C.)
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 3506
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
classificationCode: 4701
subject: Communication and media studies

description: Food and beverage marketing has undergone a dramatic transformation in the digital age. Fast food, snack, and beverage companies are drawing from an expanding toolbox of sophisticated online and social media marketing techniques, and the next few years will see an explosive rise in new tactics targeted especially at young people. Today’s marketing efforts are increasingly multidimensional—simultaneously and purposefully integrated into a range of social media and online applications: Facebook, Twitter, YouTube, gaming, and mobile communications. The goal of contemporary marketing is not simply to expose young people to ads, but rather to foster ongoing engagement—by encouraging them to interact with, befriend, and integrate brands into their personal identities and social worlds. These rapid developments call for comprehensive review and analysis in light of their potential consequences on the childhood obesity epidemic. This report is designed to help policymakers, scholars, health professionals, industry leaders, and consumer advocates develop and refine safeguards for protecting young people from inappropriate marketing in today’s contemporary marketplace. Of particular concern are adolescents, who have been largely overlooked in the public policy debates and in the self-regulatory initiatives developed by the food and advertising industries. Over the past four decades, obesity rates among U.S. teenagers have quadrupled. Today one out of three teens is either overweight or obese, with obesity rates significantly higher for African-American and Hispanic adolescents than for whites. Because of young people’s avid use of new media, food and beverage marketers are aggressively targeting teens, particularly ethnic youth. Recent scientific research suggests that adolescents may be vulnerable to many of the new interactive marketing and advertising practices. The report presents five broad categories of digital marketing techniques that are used routinely by fast food, snack food, and soft drink companies to target children and adolescents. Some of these practices are inherently unfair, others raise serious privacy concerns, and still others are deceptive. Several of the techniques are purposely designed to tap into unconscious processes, thus bypassing the rational decision making that is at the heart of our system of fair marketing.
title: The Tertiary English Language Curriculum in China and its Delivery: A Critical Study
Creators: name: Cai, Guozhi
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2011

description: This thesis investigates the tertiary English language curriculum in China and its delivery, focusing on the intensive reading (IR) course for students studying English at degree level. It examines the extent to which IR realises the aims of the current English curriculum, revised in 2000 with the intention of introducing more contemporary approaches to English language teaching. It also examines how IR relates to the behaviour and beliefs of two teachers who deliver it, and to their students' participation and views. The study applies an ethnographic approach to collect its data and discourse analysis to analyse classroom discourse constructed in teacher-student interaction. Data was collected at a university in China and consists of classroom observations, audio recordings of classes, interviews with the teachers and students being observed, government documents, teachers' syllabi and teaching plans. Data analysis focuses on the textbooks that are used to deliver the revised curriculum; how teachers use these textbooks, and their mediation of book knowledge via the use of PowerPoint slides; and the language choices made by teachers in delivering knowledge from the textbooks and PowerPoint slides. Data analysis reveals that classroom practice is very much at odds with the principles set out in the 2000 Curriculum. Whereas this emphasises the use of Communicative language Teaching (CLT) and Task-based language teaching (TBLT), the use of English as a teaching medium, and a focus on student-centredness, the teaching itself is heavily textbook and PowerPoint slides orientated, with teachers acting as 'messengers' (Scollon 1999). The teachers tend to dominate classroom interaction to the point where students' voices are silenced. They make substantial use of L1 as the medium of instruction. A further disparity is shown between teachers' practice and students' expectations. Driven by the nature of their English language needs and engagements in world affairs, students are asking for more opportunities to practise what they have learnt and express the wish that teachers would move away from a traditional teaching pedagogy towards a more student-centred approach. This thesis aims to encourage teachers, teacher educators, policy makers, and material developers to reflect on what is happening in ELT classrooms and to consider what steps need to be taken to improve tertiary level ELT in China.
title: Влияние русского Православия на политику русификации Холмщины в XIX — начале XX вв.
Creators: name: Мельков, Андрей Сергеевич
Publisher: name: Studia Humanitatis
Year: 2016
Subjects: РУССКАЯ ЦЕРКОВЬ
ХОЛМЩИНА
ПОДЛЯШЬЕ
РУСИФИКАЦИЯ
ПОЛЬША
ПРАВОСЛАВИЕ
КАТОЛИЧЕСТВО
УНИАТСТВО
RUSSIAN CHURCH
CHEłM LAND
PODLASIE
RUSSIFICATION
POLAND
ORTHODOXY
CATHOLICISM
UNIATISM

description: В статье исследован вопрос влияния Русской Церкви на царскую политику русификации Холмщины исторического региона польско-украинского пограничья, входившего в состав Российской империи в XIX начале ХХ вв. Русификация Холмщины сопровождалась ликвидацией Униатской Церкви и принудительным переходом верующих в Православие. В начале ХХ века был разработан законопроект об отделении Холмщины от Царства Польского. Этим вопросом напрямую занимался епископ Русской Православной Церкви Евлогий (Георгиевский). Фактически царская власть использовала Православие для достижения поставленных целей по искоренению на польских землях национального языка и культуры, а также для решения т.н. «украинского вопроса».
description: The problem of Russian Church influence on the Imperial policy of Chełm Land russification is researched in this article. Chełm, the historical region of Polish-Ukrainian borderland, used to be a part of Russia in XIX beginning XX centuries. The russification of Chełm Land was accompanied by total abolition of the Uniate Church and forcible believers transfer into Orthodoxy. At the beginning of the XX century there was created a draft law about Chełm Land separation from the Kingdom of Poland. Bishop of Russian Orthodox Church Eulogius (Georgievsky) was responsible for solving that problem. In fact, the Imperial power used Orthodoxy for reaching the stated goals, which were the eradication of the national language and culture in Poland as well as resolving of the so-called “Ukrainian question”.