cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The earliest drawings of datable auroras and a two-tail comet from the Syriac Chronicle of Zūqnīn
Creators: name: Hayakawa, Hisashi
name: Mitsuma, Yasuyuki
name: Fujiwara, Yasunori
name: Kawamura, Akito Davis
name: Kataoka, Ryuho
name: Ebihara, Yusuke
name: Kosaka, Shunsuke
name: Iwahashi, Kiyomi
name: Tamazawa, Harufumi
name: Isobe, Hiroaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: People have probably been watching the sky since the beginning of human history. Observers in pre-telescopic ages recorded anomalous events and these astronomical records in the historical documents provide uniquely valuable information for modern scientists. Records with drawings are particularly useful, as the verbal expressions recorded by pre-telescopic observers, who did not know the physical nature of the phenomena, are often ambiguous. However, drawings for specific datable events in the historical documents are much fewer than the verbal records. Therefore, in this paper, we show the possible earliest drawings of datable auroras and a two-tail comet in a manuscript of the Chronicle of Zūqnīn, a Syriac chronicle up to 775/776 CE to interpret their nature. They provide not only the historical facts in the realm around Amida but also information about low-latitude aurora observations due to extreme space weather events and the existence of sun-grazing comets.
description: 2016/10/26 accepted for publication in PASJ. Due to the matter of license, we cannot show some figures on the preprint version. Please see the published version in PASJ for the figures
An Approach to Reduce Side-Channel Timing Attack in Dragonfly Handshake of WPA3 for MODP Group
Creators: name: Suvendu Barai
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: Wireless security has become a great concern in the era of 4th Industrial Revolution due to the expansion
 of wireless network and increased number of wireless devices. Blocking unauthorized users to a wireless
 network is a significant part of wireless security. The newly Wi-Fi Protected Access 3 (WPA3) announced
 as the successor of WPA2 by Wi-Fi Alliance, used to prevent unauthorized access in a wireless network.
 Dragonfly handshake is used by WPA3 for mutual authentication between a client and an access point.
 While systematically evaluating Dragonfly’s security, a serious flaw namely ‘Side Channel Timing Leak’
 in password conversion method, evidently released information about the password came across.
 Dragonfly supports both ‘Modulo the Prime (MODP)’ and ‘Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC)’ as
 password conversion method. In this paper, MODP group taken into consideration to generate Password
 Element (PE). Execution time differences are measurable during PE formation which results in certain
 plausibility to guess the password with the assistance of spoofed client mac addresses has been
 demonstrated. How leaked information creates signature of the password testified and to make it
 computationally intractable for an attacker to manipulate the flaw, three actions: Fixing iterations number,
 single password based PE database generation and fetching a PE of random choice from the database have
 been proposed. Finally, the complication for an attacker to hack the password is illustrated.
Prospective Life Cycle Assessment of High-Temperature Superconductors for Future Grid Applications
Creators: name: Buchholz, Alexander
Publisher: name: Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT)
Year: 2022
Subjects: Life Cycle Assessment
High-Temperature Superconductors
Environmental Impacts
Superconducting Cables

description: High-temperature superconductors have distinct advantages over conventional conductors, such as immeasurably low ohmic losses. However, the superconducting state is only reached below a critical temperature, so superconducting applications require a cooling system. This study investigates the environmental impact of both, the production of superconducting tape and its application in a superconducting cable.
A no-go theorem for the continuum limit of a periodic quantum spin chain
Creators: name: Jones, Vaughan F. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the Hilbert space formed from a block spin renormalization construction of a cyclic quantum spin chain (based on the Temperley-Lieb algebra) does not support a chiral conformal field theory whose Hamiltonian generates translation on the circle as a continuous limit of the rotations on the lattice.
Leaf growth is conformal
Creators: name: Alim, Karen
name: Armon, Shahaf
name: Shraiman, Boris I.
name: Boudaoud, Arezki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Tissues and Organs (q-bio.TO)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Growth pattern dynamics lie at the heart of morphogenesis. Here, we investigate the growth of plant leaves. We compute the conformal transformation that maps the contour of a leaf at a given stage onto the contour of the same leaf at a later stage. Based on the mapping we predict the local displacement field in the leaf blade and find it to agree with the experimentally measured displacement field to 92%. This approach is applicable to any two-dimensional system with locally isotropic growth, enabling the deduction of the whole growth field just from observation of the tissue contour.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
Pension Fund Investment in Ethiopia: Opportunities and Challenges (A Case of Ethiopia Social Security Agency)
Creators: name: Gebru, Mengistu
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2009

description: In this paper it has tried to gather the opinions of different scholars about the opportunities and challenges of Pension Fund investment in Ethiopia. Accordingly, 98.87% of them said there will be investment opportunities in Ethiopia for Pension fund in the Future. Globalization, better and liberal investment policy of the government and the hope of stock exchange market establishment in the near future are some of the reasons forwarded by the respondents. They also said, high government intervention, problem of accessing capable professional, and lack of clear investment guide lines, policy, strategy, mission and objective are some of the challenges to be faced by the agency in the future regarding pension fund investment
Crickets (Gryllus Bimaculatus) using food waste usefulness of self-selection feed design method through each growth stage
Creators: name: Akiyama, D.
name: Kaewplik, T.
name: Fujisawa, T.
name: Kurosu, T.
name: Sasaki, Y.
Publisher: name: Brill Online
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 309999
subject: Other agricultural, veterinary and food sciences not elsewhere classified

description: In this study, a self-selected feed design was conducted for Japanese food wastes, considering the macronutrients (protein, lipid, carbohydrate) and six feed options and three options for vegetable wastes, and performance was compared with commercial diet to determine the usefulness of the feed design method and the possibility of using food waste in Japan were examined by comparing the performance of the feed design method with commercial diet. Data on self-selection diet design for crickets at different growth stages were obtained to determine the differences in feed consumption rates and nutrient requirements among stages. The results showed that it is possible to achieve cricket weight and feed conversion efficiencies (0.5-0.8) comparable to those of commercial diets using food residues when macro-nutrients are considered, and abundant options are provided. On the other hand, the use of only vegetable wastes resulted in lower cricket weight and higher feed conversion efficiency (0.8-1.4). Based on feed consumption rates, bread bran, rice bran, and fish meal were found to be suitable feeds among Japanese food waste for production in all growth stages, while bean curd and sake less were found to be suitable for production in some growth stages. Data obtained from self-selections separated by growth stage revealed that the percentage of feed consumption varied greatly among growth stages, being about 50-68% in the late growth stage. Percentages of macronutrients and micronutrients were also found to vary by growth stage. Protein percentages were found to be higher in the second week after hatching. Lipids were highest in the first week and decreased thereafter. Crude fiber was lowest in the fourth week. Ash content did not change significantly at all stages. This research is the first attempt at self-selection of crickets in different growth stages, and the data obtained can contribute to feed design.
Porosities of Mandelbrot Percolation
Creators: name: Berlinkov, Artemi
name: Järvenpää, Esa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 28A80, 37A50, 60D05, 60J80

description: We study porosities in the Mandelbrot percolation process. We show that, almost surely at almost all points with respect to the natural measure, the mean porosities of the set and the natural measure exist and are equal to each other for all parameter values outside of a countable exceptional set. As a corollary, we obtain that, almost surely at almost all points, the lower porosities of the set and the natural measure are equal to zero, whereas the upper porosities obtain their maximum values.
Optimum rigid plastic design of skeletal structures
Creators: name: Watson, Geoffrey D.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
On the curvature of conic Kaehler-Einstein metrics
Creators: name: Arezzo, Claudio
name: Della Vedova, Alberto
name: La Nave, Gabriele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove a regularity result for Monge-Ampère equations degenerate along smooth divisor on Kaehler manifolds in Donaldson's spaces of $β$-weighted functions. We apply this result to study the curvature of Kaehler metrics with conical singularities along divisors and give a geometric sufficient condition on the divisor for its boundedness.
Investigating the capacity for heterologous sesquiterpenoid production from sub- cellular compartments of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
Creators: name: Abdallah, Malak
name: Wellman, Gordon
name: Overmans, Sebastian
name: Lauersen, Kyle J.
Publisher: name: KAUST Research Repository
Year: 2023

description: The model eukaryotic green microalga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii has recently been shown to be an interesting platform organism for biotechnological producation of isoprenoid natural products through metabolic engineering. Algal represent interesting alternatives to fermentative hosts as the photosynthetic organisms use light for energy and carbon dioxide (CO2) as their main carbon source for growth. In this work, we generated a modified C. reinhardtii strain, called UPN22, to grow on phosphite as a sole P source and nitrate as a sole N source through plastid and nuclear genome engineering, respectively. These nutrient sources can help minimize contamination and maximize cell densities in photoautotrophic cultivations. UPN22 was then further engineered to produce the heterologous sesquiterpenoid patchoulol. The patchoulol synthase from Pogostemon cablin (Benth) (PcPS) was used as a model sesquiterpenoid synthase to investigate the capacity of the cell to produce heterologous C15 terpenoids in different sub-cellular compartments in strains with, and without, knockdown of the native squalene synthase pathway. Algal optimized transgenes for expression of PcPS from its nuclear genome were developed with and without a plastid targeting peptide, to examine PcPs functional activity in the cytoplasm and chloroplast of both cell lines. Liquid culture of transformants grown with dodecane overlay as in situ extractant demonstrated that patchoulol was produced in the cytoplasm using native FPP pool, while less, but detectible patchoulol was produced when PcPS were chloroplast targeted. Plastid patchoulol production was not perturbed by squalene synthase (SQS) knockdown, while cytoplasmic production was greatly enhanced. Additionally, the PcPS constructs were modified by fusion with yeast FPP-synthase (ERG20) to modify farnesyl pyrophosphate pools in each context. Higher patchoulol productivity was observed when the PcPS-ERG20 fusion was targeted to the chloroplast but not in cytosol regardless of SQS k.d., suggesting that cytoplasmic isoprenoid titers do not feedback to plastid pools.
Engineered Production of Isoprene from the Model Green Microalga Chlamydomonas Reinhardtii
Creators: name: Yahya, Razan
name: Wellman, Gordon
name: Overmans, Sebastian
name: Lauersen, Kyle
Publisher: name: KAUST Research Repository
Year: 2023

description: Isoprene (C5H8) is the volatile hemiterpene monomer of the natural polymer rubber and has been recognized as feedstock for the chemical industry. Isoprene is naturally produced by a wide range of species via the methyl erythritol 4-phosphate (MEP) isoprenoid biosynthesis pathway. In the algal chloroplast, sunlight energy is used in the conversion of CO2 into G3P and pyruvate for cellular carbon. These 3-carbon compounds are used by the MEP pathway to make the 5-carbon isopentyl- and dimethylallyl pyrophosphate (IPP and DMAPP, respectively) precursors of carotenoid pigments and cellular sterols. Isoprene synthases (IspSs) produce isoprene by cleavage of the pyrophosphate group of DMAPP to yield molecular isoprene. In this work, we benchmarked expression of four IspSs from different plant species in a high-density cultivation enabled strain of model green microalga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (UPN22): Ipomoea batatas (IbIspS), Eucalyptus globulus (EgIspS), Pueraria montana (PmIspS) and Populus alba (PaIspS). Of the tested synthases, IbIspS yielded the highest and most stable isoprene yields in alga. To further enhance isoprene production, up- and downstream portions of the MEP and carotenoid pathways were perturbed to investigate their in uence on isoprene yields. The 1- deoxyxylulose 5-phosphate synthase from Salvia pomifera (SpDXS) and isopentenyl diphosphate isomerase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae (ScIDI) were overexpressed to modify upstream ux to DMAPP. Carotenoid biosynthesis was perturbed through overexpression of the Daucus carota lycopene beta cyclase (DcLCYB) and the C. reinhardtii beta carotene ketolase (CrBKT). A synergistic effect of CrBKT and ScIDI co-expression with IbIspS was found to result in robust isoprene generation from the eukaryotic alga. Using 20-photobioreactors, the interplay of light and temperature was used to determine that culture temperature, rather than incident light, had the greatest effect on isoprene yields from the algal host.
Production of $^3$He in Rocks by Reactions Induced by Particles of the Nuclear-Active and Muon Components of Cosmic Rays: Geological and Petrological Implications
Creators: name: Nesterenok, A. V.
name: Yakubovich, O. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The paper presents data on the production of the $^3$He nuclide in rocks under the effect of cosmic-ray particles. The origin of the nuclide in the ground in neutron- and proton-induced spallation reactions, reactions induced by high-energy muons, and negative muon capture reactions is analyzed. The cross sections of reactions producing $^3$He and $^3$H are calculated by means of numerical simulations with the GEANT4 simulation toolkit. The production rate of the $^3$He nuclide in the ground is evaluated for the average level of solar activity at high geomagnetic latitudes and at sea level. It is proved that the production of $^3$He in near-surface ground layers by spallation reactions induced by cosmic-ray protons may be approximately 10% of the total production rate of cosmogenic $^3$He. At depths of 10-50 m.w.e., the accumulation of $^3$He is significantly contributed by reactions induced by cosmic-ray muons. Data presented in the paper make it possible to calculate the accumulation rate of $^3$He in a rock depending on depth that is necessary for the evaluation of the exposure time of the magmatic or metamorphic complex on the Earth's surface ($^3$He dating).
description: 18 pages, 6 figures
Capital Investment Decisions on Information Technology and its Impact on the Performance of Private Commercial Banks in Ethiopia
Creators: name: Afework, Rahel
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2016

description: Over the years various studies have been made on the relation between technological investments and the performance of commercial banks and contradicting results were observed among researches. The purpose this study is to evaluate capital investment decisions on information technology and its impact on the performance of private commercial banks in Ethiopia. In order to achieve this objective mixed research approach with qualitative and quantitative methods is used on panel data of 6 private commercial banks for period of ten years starting from 2005 to 2014. The relation between dependent and independent variables is analyzed using multiple regression model by taking banks profitability measure ROA as dependent variable and IT capital, labor, capitalization, market concentration, and inflation as independent variables using OLS random effect model on Eviews 8. From the study result, except for IT capital the rest of explanatory variables show statistically significant impact on the ROA. The main variable shows there is positive relation between banks IT investment and profitability but the degree of impact measured as statistically insignificant. It is also observed that private commercial banks in Ethiopia has low experience of evaluating information technology investments before and after investment is made. In general the research concluded that banks will have better future with more technological advancements, if they are able to make sound information technology related investments with good management and IT governance system. Key words: IT capital, commercial banks performance, IT impact on performance
Frame-shear wall interaction
Creators: name: Wathen, Graeme Robert.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Incidence of HI 21-cm absorption in strong FeII systems at $0.5
Creators: name: Dutta, R.
name: Srianand, R.
name: Gupta, N.
name: Joshi, R.
name: Petitjean, P.
name: Noterdaeme, P.
name: Ge, J.
name: Krogager, J. -K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results from our search for HI 21-cm absorption in a sample of 16 strong FeII systems ($W_{\rm r}$(MgII $\lambda2796$) $\ge1.0$ Å and $W_{\rm r}$(FeII $\lambda2600$) or $W_{\rm FeII}$ $\ge1$ Å) at $0.5
description: 17 pages, 10 figures, 8 tables, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Internal Audit and Risk Assessment in Ethiopian Public Enterprises
Creators: name: Seid, Mohammeed
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2011

description: This research paper examined internal auditing and risk assessment in Ethiopian public enterprise context. 20 public enterprises were purposefully selected. Mixed research approach was used and the data were collected by using questionnaires and document review. Survey results showed that all public enterprises have internal audit function; operational audit requires most resources, with compliance audit second important audit type. The amount of audit resources devoted to risk assessment reveals the relative relevance of this kind of activity. Results also showed that many Ethiopian public enterprises were introduced formal risk assessment process in their internal audit function, and few enterprises were on the way to introduce formal risk assessment process. Hence, for internal audit functions that were not incorporated control risk self assessment, it is better to incorporate for effective risk assessment. Thus, this study will be beneficial in terms of the decision making of the board of directors, audit committee of the organization and other regulatory bodies
Anti-cancer effects and molecular mechanisms of sour tea (Hibiscus sabdariffa) in the human cellular model (A549) of lung cancer
Publisher: name: Birjand University of Medical Sciences
Year: 2022

description: Background and Aims: Lung cancer is one of the most common malignancies worldwide that despite the recent progress, its existing treatments have not sufficient efficiency, and scientists are always trying to find complementary therapies. Medicinal plants, such as sour tea, have attracted lots of attention due to their abundant antioxidant compounds. In the present study, in addition to assessing the anticancer effects of sour tea (Hibiscus sabdariffa) on the human cellular model (A549) of lung cancer, the related molecular mechanism of anti-proliferative effects of the extract was investigated through the evaluation of the expression level of Bax and Bcl2 genes.\nMaterials and Methods: To this end, after the preparation of the sour tea extract, cellular cytotoxicity was evaluated with an MTT assay. Afterward, the cells were treated again with selective concentrations of the extract, and after 24 h, RNA extraction, cDNA synthesis, and gene expression analysis of apoptosis genes (Bax and Bcl2) were performed with a real-time polymerase chain reaction.\nResults: The results of the study showed that sour tea extract reduced the viability of cancer cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Furthermore, molecular analysis results revealed that the treatment of cancer cells with sour tea extract could increase the Bax/Bcl2 ratio, which is an important mechanism for triggering apoptosis.\nConclusion: According to the obtained results, sour tea extract had a cytotoxic effect on lung cancer cells, and therefore, could be suggested as a potential complementary therapy for lung cancer after experimental studies and clinical trials.\n
The kinematics of multiple stellar populations in 25 Milky Way globular clusters
Creators: name: Leitinger, Ellen
name: Baumgardt, Holger
name: Hilker, Michael
name: Cabrera-Ziri, Ivan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: multiple populations
kinematics
spatial distributions

description: Dynamically young globular clusters can be assumed as approximately representative of their initial conditions. We determined the spatial distributions of multiple stellar populations in 30 globular clusters and discovered that the dynamically youngest clusters in our sample can have a range of spatial configurations. Enriched stars (P2) were previously assumed to be centrally concentrated for dynamically young clusters, but in our sample we find they can also be P1 centrally concentrated, or spatially mixed. We then explored the kinematics for 25 of the 30 clusters and discovered there are no significant differences in the rotation axes or 3D rotational amplitudes of the multiple populations in our dynamically younger sample. Despite discovering differences in their spatial distributions, we find no kinematic differences between the multiple populations.
Evaluation of rational prescription pattern of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) based on FDA-approved indications among teaching hospitals in Birjand
Publisher: name: Birjand University of Medical Sciences
Year: 2022

description: Background and Aims: Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) is one of the safest biological products, which is effective in the treatment of many diseases. This study aimed to evaluate the rational prescription pattern of IVIG based on the approved indications of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) among teaching hospitals in Birjand, Iran.\nMaterials and Methods: This descriptive-analytical study included 300 patients receiving IVIG who were hospitalized in different wards of Razi and Vali-e-Asr hospitals in Birjand during 2016-19. Demographic characteristics, dose, duration of administration, duration of hospitalization, side effects, and other necessary information were extracted from patients' medical records. The collected data were compared with FDA-approved indications and dosages, followed by identifying the rate of rational prescription of the drug. The data were analyzed in SPSS software (version 19) through independent t-test (or Mann-Whitney) and Chi-square test to compare quantitative and qualitative variables in the groups, respectively.\nResults: According to the results, half of the patients were male (n=150; 150%). The mean age of the patients receiving IVIG was 28.17±27.01 years. Most of the patients receiving IVIG (30.3%) were hospitalized in the neurology ward. Guillain-Barre syndrome and immune thrombocytopenic purpura accounted for the most prescription of IVIG. In total, 133 patients (44.3%) (95%CI: 38.6-50.1) received the drug according to the FDA on-labeled indication. The dose of IVIG was rationally based on FDA in 33% of the cases (95%CI: 27.7-38.6).\nConclusion: Due to the limited availability and high price of this product, it is recommended to formulate and closely monitor the implementation of rational IVIG consumption in the hospital based on the regional standard protocol, especially with the presence of clinical pharmacists.\n
Lubricant action in metal cutting
Creators: name: Vācutēvan̲, Kē. Ār.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Neutron-rich rare isotope production from projectile fission of heavy beams in the energy range of 20 MeV/nucleon
Creators: name: Vonta, N.
name: Souliotis, G. A.
name: Loveland, W. D.
name: Kwon, Y. K.
name: Tshoo, K.
name: Jeong, S. C.
name: Veselsky, M.
name: Bonasera, A.
name: Botvina, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the possibilities of producing neutron-rich nuclides in projectile fission of heavy beams in the energy range of 20 MeV/nucleon expected from low-energy facilities. We report our efforts to theoretically describe the reaction mechanism of projectile fission following a multinucleon transfer collision at this energy range. Our calculations are mainly based on a two-step approach: the dynamical stage of the collision is described with either the phenomenological Deep-Inelastic Transfer model (DIT), or with the microscopic Constrained Molecular Dynamics model (CoMD). The deexcitation/fission of the hot heavy projectile fragments is performed with the Statistical Mul- tifragmentation Model (SMM). We compared our model calculations with our previous experimental projectile-fission data of 238U (20 MeV/nucleon)+208Pb and 197Au (20 MeV/nucleon)+197Au and found an overall reasonable agreement. Our study suggests that projectile fission following periph- eral heavy-ion collisions at this energy range offers an effective route to access very neutron-rich rare isotopes toward and beyond the astrophysical r-process path.
Mother of Dragons: A massive and very young binary system in the dragon cloud
Creators: name: Barnes, Ashley Thomas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Abstract: Infrared dark clouds (IRDCs) are potential hosts of the elusive early phases of high-mass star, binary system and cluster formation. In this talk, I focus on a recent analysis of high-resolution ALMA observations (~0.005 pc; 1000 AU) towards a massive core — one of only a handful know — in the "dragon cloud". These new observations clearly show that this region fragments into a binary system, with the most massive core within the system retaining ~30 Msun, and the lower mass counterpart being of order a solar mass, resulting in a high binary mass fraction (q = Msecondary/Mprimary << 0.1). We find that these cores are extremely dense, have only trans-sonic thermal motions, and are extremely unstable to gravitational collapse. We find that there is tentative evidence for a weak molecular outflow towards the lower-mass core, yet the more massive core remains devoid of any star formation indicators. The most massive core is then reminiscent of a massive starless (monolithic) core, which has so far been very elusive to definitively identify. This region then represents an exciting prospect for further studies of the very early formation and evolution of massive binary systems.
Effect of intermittent running training on ‎serum TNF-α level and insulin resistance in a rat model of metabolic syndrome
Publisher: name: Birjand University of Medical Sciences
Year: 2022

description: Background and Aims: The critical importance of metabolic syndrome has necessitated the achievement of effective strategies to overcome the complications of this serious health condition. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of eight weeks of intermittent running training on serum TNF-α levels and insulin resistance in male Wistar rats with metabolic syndrome.\nMaterials and Methods: This experimental study was conducted on 24 male Wistar rats aged six weeks and weighed 150-180 g.  They were purchased from Zahedan University of Medical Sciences and after being fed with a high-fat diet for 12 weeks and the induction of metabolic syndrome model, they were assigned to three equal groups (n=8): training+metabolic syndrome, metabolic syndrome, and healthy control. The intermittent training group performed running with an intensity of 80%-110% maximum intensity for two-eight repetitions on the treadmill. To measure biochemical parameters, blood samples were taken directly from the hearts. All statistical calculations were performed in SPSS software (version 20) using one-way ANOVA and Tukey post hoc test.\nResults: Serum TNF-α levels had no significant difference among groups (P=0.11); moreover, no significant differences were observed in insulin resistance among the groups (P=0.71).\nConclusion: Although there were no significant changes in TNF-α and Insulin resistance between groups, probably response to intermittent running training in metabolic syndrome model is affected by training intensity. More investigations are needed to get the mechanisms.\n
The Impact of Capital Structure on profitability of Commercial Banks in Ethiopia
Creators: name: Hailu, Aragaw
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2015

description: The choice of capital structure is one of the most important strategic financial decisions of firms. Since financing decisions influence profitability and hence firm's value, this study examines the impact of capital structure on profitability of core business operations of commercial banks in Ethiopia. In order to meet the objectives of this study a quantitative panel data methodology was employed. The panel data were obtained from the audited financial statements of eight commercial banks and National Bank of Ethiopia for the period of twelve years (2001/02 – 2012/13). The panel data fixed effect estimation model was applied for the data analysis through EViews 8.1 statistical package. It was observed that 89% of the total capital of commercial banks in Ethiopia in the period under study was made up of debt. Of this, 75% constitute deposit and the remaining was non-deposit liabilities. This has reaffirmed the fact that banks are highly levered institutions. The findings revealed that capital structure as measured by total debt to asset had statistically significant negative impact, whereas deposit to asset had statistically significant positive impact on profitability of core business operations of commercial banks. Moreover, loan to deposit, spread and asset size also had statistically significant and positive relationship with profitability. However, growth found to have statistically insignificant impact on profitability. Therefore, banks should give due consideration to manage their debts properly, mobilize deposit sufficiently, increase loan advances, spread, and size in their financing decisions. Furthermore, banks also advised to reduce non-deposit debt financing and raise equity financing so that to keep costs of financing at minimum level and hence optimize profitability and the value of banks. Besides, the policy maker, National Bank of Ethiopia also recommended reconsidering to raise the minimum capital requirement for banks. Finally, future researchers also recommended assessing the overall performance of banks and other business sectors in the area of this research Key words: Banks, Capital structure, Profitability, core business operation, and panel data.
Protective effects of hydroalcoholic extract of Alcea rosea aerial parts on cadmium chloride-induced renal dysfunction in male rats
Publisher: name: Birjand University of Medical Sciences
Year: 2022

description: Background and Aims: Cadmium chloride causes renal dysfunction. The present study aimed to investigate the protective effects of hydroalcoholic extract of Alcea rosea aerial parts on cadmium chloride-induced renal dysfunction in male rats.\nMaterials and Methods: In this experimental study, 54 adult male Wistar rats were assigned to six groups (n=9 in each group). The control group, the sham group1, received 0.2 ml of distilled water as solvent. Sham group 2 received 2 mg/kg cadmium chloride intraperitoneally (IP) for 21 days. Experimental groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively, received 2 mg/kg cadmium chloride IP for 21 days, followed by 150,300, and 450 mg/kg hydroalcoholic extracts of aerial parts of Alcea rosea intraperitoneally for 30 days. At the end of the experiment, blood samples were taken from all animals to measure levels of sodium, potassium, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, and uric acid. The data were analyzed in SPSS software (version 18) using one-way ANOVA and Tukey post hoc test.\nResults: The mean serum concentrations of creatinine, BUN, sodium, potassium, and uric acid in all experimental groups showed a significant decrease, as compared to those in sham group 2 (P<0.05).\nConclusion: Based on the results, hydroalcoholic extract of aerial parts of Alcea rosea may improve cadmium chloride-induced renal dysfunction in male rats.\n
Implementation of traveling odd Schr$ö$dinger cat states in circuit-QED
Creators: name: Joo, Jaewoo
name: Lee, Su-Yong
name: Kim, Jaewan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a realistic scheme of generating a traveling odd Schr$ö$dinger cat state and a generalized entangled coherent state in circuit quantum electrodynamics (circuit-QED). A squeezed vacuum state is used as initial resource of nonclassical states, which can be created through a Josephson traveling-wave parametric amplifier, and travels through a transmission line. Because a single-photon subtraction from the squeezed vacuum gives with very high fidelity an odd Schr$ö$dinger cat state, we consider a specific circuit-QED setup consisting of the Josephson amplifier creating the traveling resource in a line, a beam-splitter coupling two transmission lines, and a single photon detector located at the end of the other line. When a single microwave photon is detected by measuring the excited state of a superconducting qubit in the detector, a heralded cat state is generated with high fidelity in the opposite line. For example, we show that the high fidelity of the outcome with the ideal cat state can be achieved with appropriate squeezing parameters theoretically. As its extended setup, we suggest that generalized entangled coherent states can be also built probabilistically and useful for microwave quantum information processing for error-correctable qudits in circuit-QED.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Factors Affecting Capital Structure Decision: Evidence from Ethiopian Insurance Firms
Creators: name: Mohammedamin, Saddam
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2014

description: Capital structure decision is one of the core decisions that financial managers should care for. Different firms will have different choice of funds that are categorized under either debt or equity. But the most important question is what factors to affect their choice of finance and how they affect it. In order to give answer for such question, this study aims to assess the impact of firm specific and macroeconomic factors on capital structure decision in the environment of Ethiopian insurance sector by using seven years data (2007-2013). In order to achieve this aim the researcher regressed profitability, liquidity, business risk, size, growth opportunity, age, GDP growth rate, interest rate, and inflation rate against the dependent variable as measured by total debt ratio. Such regression was made based on random effects model with the help of EVIEWS 6 software. The results of this study suggest that business risk, firm size, age, and inflation rate variables were significant factors affecting leverage of insurance firms in Ethiopia positively; confirming tradeoff and pecking order theories as prominent theories for the sector. On the other hand, profitability, liquidity, growth opportunity, GDP growth rate, and interest rate variables found as insignificant to affect the dependent variable. Thus, Ethiopian insurance firms and their managers are advised to have closer attention on business risk, size, age, and inflation rate factors in order to make optimal decision pertaining to capital structure. Besides, they also advised to give attention first for tradeoff then for pecking order theories of capital structure respectively as per their weight of importance
Effect of Hesperetin on the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in gastric cancer stem cells
Publisher: name: Birjand University of Medical Sciences
Year: 2022

description: Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) play an important role in cancer stem cell (CSC) function. Hesperetin (Hst) is a flavonoid that has been shown to affect cellular ROS level. The goal of this study was to investigate the effect of Hst on the level of ROS in gastric CSCs (GCSCs). MTT assay was used to evaluate cell survival. Cellular ROS level was measured using 2′,7′-dichlorofluorescin diacetate by flow cytometry. A significant decrease in the survival of GCSCs treated with Hst was observed. Hst decreased ROS level to about 47% and 40% at concentrations of 200 and 400 mM, respectively. It can be concluded that Hst reduces the survival and ROS level of GCSCs and may be influences the function of these cells such as proliferation and differentiation as well as response to chemotherapy by affecting cellular ROS level.
Weak de-localization in graphene on a ferromagnetic insulating film
Creators: name: Pietrobon, Luca
name: Fallarino, Lorenzo
name: Berger, Andreas
name: Chuvilin, Andrey
name: Casanova, Fèlix
name: Hueso, Luis E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Graphene has been predicted to develop a magnetic moment by proximity effect when placed on a ferromagnetic film, a promise that could open exciting possibilities in the fields of spintronics and magnetic data recording. In this work, we study in detail the interplay between the magnetoresistance of graphene and the magnetization of an underlying ferromagnetic insulating film. A clear correlation between both magnitudes is observed but we find, through a careful modelling of the magnetization and the weak localization measurements, that such correspondence can be explained by the effects of the magnetic stray fields arising from the ferromagnetic insulator. Our results emphasize the complexity arising at the interface between magnetic and two-dimensional materials.
Mother of Dragons: A massive and very young binary system in the dragon cloud
Creators: name: Barnes, Ashley Thomas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: star formation

description: Infrared dark clouds (IRDCs) are potential hosts of the elusive early phases of high-mass star, binary system and cluster formation. In this talk, I focus on a recent analysis of high-resolution ALMA observations (~0.005 pc; 1000 AU) towards a massive core — one of only a handful know — in the "dragon cloud". These new observations clearly show that this region fragments into a binary system, with the most massive core within the system retaining ~30 Msun, and the lower mass counterpart being of order a solar mass, resulting in a high binary mass fraction (q = Msecondary/Mprimary << 0.1). We find that these cores are extremely dense, have only trans-sonic thermal motions, and are extremely unstable to gravitational collapse. We find that there is tentative evidence for a weak molecular outflow towards the lower-mass core, yet the more massive core remains devoid of any star formation indicators. The most massive core is then reminiscent of a massive starless (monolithic) core, which has so far been very elusive to definitively identify. This region then represents an exciting prospect for further studies of the very early formation and evolution of massive binary systems.
X-ray selection of Compton Thick AGN at high redshift
Creators: name: Lanzuisi, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Compton Thick (CT) AGN are a key ingredient of Cosmic X-ray Background (CXB) synthesis models, but are still an elusive component of the AGN population beyond the local Universe. Multi-wavelength surveys are the only way to find them at z > 0.1, and a deep X-ray coverage is crucial in order to clearly identify them among star forming galaxies. As an example, the deep and wide COSMOS survey allowed us to select a total of 34 CT sources. This number is computed from the 64 nominal CT candidates, each counted for its N H probability distribution function. For each of these sources, rich multi-wavelength information is available, and is used to confirm their obscured nature, by comparing the expected AGN luminosity from spectral energy distribution fitting, with the absorption-corrected X-ray luminosity. While Chandra is more efficient, for a given exposure, in detecting CT candidates in current surveys (by a factor ~2), deep XMM-Newton pointings of bright sources are vital to fully characterize their properties: NH distribution above 10^25 cm^-2, reflection intensity etc., all crucial parameters of CXB models. Since luminous CT AGN at high redshift are extremely rare, the future of CT studies at high redshift will have to rely on the large area surveys currently underway, such as XMM-XXL and Stripe82, and will then require dedicated follow-up with XMM-Newton, while waiting for the advent of the ESA mission Athena.
description: 6 pages, 7 figures, to appear in Astronomische Nachrichten, presented at the XMM-Newton: The Next Decade conference, ESAC, Madrid, Spain, 9 - 11 May 2016
Determination of the incidence of osteomyelitis and risk factors in patients with diabetic foot ulcer in Birjand, Iran
Publisher: name: Birjand University of Medical Sciences
Year: 2022

description: One of the most common complications of diabetes is diabetic foot ulcer, which exposes patients to wound infection, osteomyelitis, and lower-limb amputation if left untreated. Therefore, accurate and rapid diagnosis of wound and osteomyelitis infection is an important step in treating this debilitating complication. In this regard, the present study was aimed to determine the incidence of osteomyelitis and assess its risk factors in patients with diabetic foot ulcers during 2013 and 2016 in Birjand, Iran.\nThis epidemiological analytical-retrospective study was conducted using numerical sampling. Demographic and clinical data were obtained by reviewing patients’ medical records and using a checklist developed by the project manager. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software (version 18). Quantitative and qualitative results were reported as mean±standard error and percentage, respectively.\nThe obtained findings indicated a significant association between the location of foot ulcers and the risk of osteomyelitis (P=0.02); accordingly, osteomyelitis is more likely to occur in diabetic ulcers on the toes. However, no significant difference was observed between right and left foot ulcers in terms of osteomyelitis risk. Mean erythrocyte sedimentation rate was also significantly higher in diabetic patients with osteomyelitis than those of non-osteomyelitis ones (P=0.04). However, no significant difference was observed in C-reactive protein and leukocytosis. The age and gender of the patients had no significant effect on the risk of osteomyelitis.\nOverall, the results of the present study demonstrated a significant relationship between the location of foot ulcers and the probability of osteomyelitis. Accordingly, ulcers located on the toes are more likely to develop osteomyelitis.\n
Assessment of Internal Control Effectiveness in Selected Ethiopian Public Universities
Creators: name: Lemi, Tsedal
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2015

description: Internal control is the priority to detect assets misuse, ensuring efficiency of operations and adherence to rules and regulation. Governments need an assurance whether the internal control in their institutions is attaining these objectives. Audit reports of OFAG in recent years showed unfavorable audit findings on usage of budgets and compliance to rules and regulations in most public universities. Thus this study focused on assessment of the effectiveness of the internal control system in the universities to identify the possible areas of deficiencies in the system. The study used cross sectional survey through questionnaires to employees of the universities and semi structured interview with OFAG directors. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics using SPSS results. The result indicates that internal control in the universities is not effective. Particularly the risk assessment component of internal control is not practiced in the universities. Though monitoring is better in the universities, there is in adequate control environment, control activities and inadequate flow of information and communication in those universities. Hence, it needs commitment from both universities management and responsible government authorities to improve those specific areas of deficiencies' in internal control indicated in the final chapter of this study