cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Production Costs and Consumer Acceptance of Dried-on-the-Vine Raisins
Creators: name: Enochian, Robert V.
name: Zehner, Mary D.
name: Johnson, Stanley S.
name: Petrucci, Vincent E.
name: Enochian, Robert V.
name: Zehner, Mary D.
name: Johnson, Stanley S.
name: Petrucci, Vincent E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1976
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Production Economics
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: California
subject: consumer acceptance
subject: cost of production
subject: dried-on-the-vine
subject: raisins

description: It would have been costlier in 1974 to produce California raisins by the experimental dried-on-the-vine (DOV) method than by the predominant natural method, but somewhat cheaper for the experimental continuous tray method. Future increases in labor costs or decreases in costs of required chemicals, however, could bring DOV production into a competitive range. If so, adoption would be gradual, because growers would have to accept new concepts of grape culture, and some would have to make substantial investments. But slow adoption would ease transition for workers displaced during the 30 day grape harvesting season. Panelists on a Michigan consumer survey in 1974 generally liked and accepted DOV raisins. Response from several exporters, foreign buyers, and food processors was inconclusive.
D4.1 Pilot Plots Implementation
Creators: name: VitiGEOSS Partners
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: The objective of the present deliverable is to describe (a) the different experimental parcels belonging to the three end-users involved in VITIGEOSS (Mastroberardino, Italy; Symington, Portugal; Torres, Spain) and (b) the experimental field activity that will be carried out to collect the data to be used for model calibration/training, fine-tuning and validation. The document will be structured as follows: The first section will be dedicated to describing separately the three viticultural areas where the pilot plots will be located (Catalonia, Spain; Douro Region, Portugal; Irpinia, Italy), describing in details the locations (estates) where the selected vineyard parcels are situated. The second section of the deliverable will provide a comprehensive description of the experimental designs that will be adopted to collect the data required to calibrate/train, fine-tune and validate all the models included in VITIGEOSS. Thus, this section will include: (a) information about the location of the vineyards, the parcel characteristics like vineyard size, orientation, age, uniformity, cultivar and soil texture and depth and the common sugar and acidity thresholds used as harvest criteria; (b) a list of the measurements that will carried out in the field and in the lab and will describe the protocols that will be adopted.
description: The VitiGEOSS project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No. 869565
On-chip distribution of quantum information using traveling phonons
Creators: name: Zivari, Amirparsa
name: Fiaschi, Niccolò
name: Burgwal, Roel
name: Verhagen, Ewold
name: Stockill, Robert
name: Gröblacher, Simon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Distributing quantum entanglement on a chip is a crucial step towards realizing scalable quantum processors. Using traveling phonons - quantized guided mechanical wavepackets - as a medium to transmit quantum states is currently gaining significant attention, due to their small size and low propagation speed compared to other carriers, such as electrons or photons. Moreover, phonons are highly promising candidates to connect heterogeneous quantum systems on a chip, such as microwave and optical photons for long-distance transmission of quantum states via optical fibers. Here, we experimentally demonstrate the feasibility of distributing quantum information using phonons, by realizing quantum entanglement between two traveling phonons and creating a time-bin encoded traveling phononic qubit. The mechanical quantum state is generated in an optomechanical cavity and then launched into a phononic waveguide in which it propagates for around two hundred micrometers. We further show how the phononic, together with a photonic qubit, can be used to violate a Bell-type inequality.
What Community College Management Practices are Effective in promoting Student Success? A Study of High- and Low-Impact Institutions
Creators: name: Jenkins, Paul Davis
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2006
Subjects: Community college students--Education
Community colleges

description: This study identifies community college management practices that promote student success. Using transcript-level data on over 150,000 Florida community college students, we estimated the effect on the graduation, transfer, and persistence rates of minority students at each of the 28 Florida community colleges as a proxy for institutional effectiveness. We ranked the colleges based on these estimated effects and selected six colleges for field research. We found that the high-impact colleges were more likely than the low-impact colleges to coordinate their programs and services to support student success. We also found that minority students were generally more successful in colleges that had support services targeted specifically to their needs.The study suggests that a critical factor for institutional effectiveness is how well a college manages and aligns its programs and services to support student success.
HyDe: The First Open-Source, Python-Based, GPU-Accelerated Hyperspectral Denoising Package
Creators: name: Coquelin, Daniel
name: Rasti, Behnood
name: Götz, Markus
name: Ghamisi, Pedram
name: Gloaguen, Richard
name: Streit, Achim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: As with any physical instrument, hyperspectral cameras induce different kinds of noise in the acquired data. Therefore, Hyperspectral denoising is a crucial step for analyzing hyperspectral images (HSIs). Conventional computational methods rarely use GPUs to improve efficiency and are not fully open-source. Alternatively, deep learning-based methods are often open-source and use GPUs, but their training and utilization for real-world applications remain non-trivial for many researchers. Consequently, we propose HyDe: the first open-source, GPU-accelerated Python-based, hyperspectral image denoising toolbox, which aims to provide a large set of methods with an easy-to-use environment. HyDe includes a variety of methods ranging from low-rank wavelet-based methods to deep neural network (DNN) models. HyDe's interface dramatically improves the interoperability of these methods and the performance of the underlying functions. In fact, these methods maintain similar HSI denoising performance to their original implementations while consuming nearly ten times less energy. Furthermore, we present a method for training DNNs for denoising HSIs which are not spatially related to the training dataset, i.e., training on ground-level HSIs for denoising HSIs with other perspectives including airborne, drone-borne, and space-borne. To utilize the trained DNNs, we show a sliding window method to effectively denoise HSIs which would otherwise require more than 40 GB. The package can be found at: \url{https://github.com/Helmholtz-AI-Energy/HyDe}.
description: 5 pages
Near and far-field hydrodynamic interaction of two chiral squirmers
Creators: name: Maity, Ruma
name: Burada, P. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hydrodynamic interaction strongly influences the collective behavior of the microswimmers. With this work, we study the behavior of two hydrodynamically interacting self-propelled chiral swimmers in the low Reynolds number regime, considering both the near and far-field interactions. We use the chiral squirmer model, a spherically shaped body with non-axisymmetric surface slip velocity, which generalizes the well-known squirmer model. We calculate the lubrication force between the swimmers when they are very close to each other. By varying the slip coefficients and the initial configuration of the swimmers, we investigate their hydrodynamic behavior. In the presence of lubrication force, the swimmers either repel each other or exhibit bounded motion where the distance between the swimmers alters periodically. The lubrication force favors the bounded motion in some parameter regime. This study is helpful to understand the collective behavior of dense suspension of ciliated microorganisms and artificial swimmers.
A Predicted New Population of UV-faint Galaxies at z>4
Creators: name: Wyithe, Stuart
name: Loeb, Abraham
name: Oesch, Pascal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that a bursty model of high redshift star formation explains several puzzling observations of the high redshift galaxy population. We begin by pointing out that the observed specific star formation rate requires a duty-cycle of ~10%, which is much lower than found in many hydro-dynamical simulations. This value follows directly from the fact that the observed star formation rate in galaxies integrated over a Hubble time exceeds the observed stellar mass by an order of magnitude. We use the large observed specific star formation rate to calibrate the efficiency of feedback in a model for the high redshift star formation rate which includes merger driven star formation regulated by SNe feedback. This model reproduces the star formation rate density function and the stellar mass function of galaxies at 4
description: 12 pages, 8 figures. Submitted to MNRAS. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1209.2215
Nonlinear eigenvalue problems
Creators: name: Bender, Carl M.
name: Fring, Andreas
name: Komijani, Javad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper presents a detailed asymptotic study of the nonlinear differential equation y'(x)=\cos[πxy(x)] subject to the initial condition y(0)=a. Although the differential equation is nonlinear, the solutions to this initial-value problem bear a striking resemblance to solutions to the time-independent Schroedinger eigenvalue problem. As x increases from x=0, y(x) oscillates and thus resembles a quantum wave function in a classically allowed region. At a critical value x=x_{crit}, where x_{crit} depends on a, the solution y(x) undergoes a transition; the oscillations abruptly cease and y(x) decays to 0 monotonically as x-->\infty. This transition resembles the transition in a wave function that occurs at a turning point as one enters the classically forbidden region. Furthermore, the initial condition a falls into discrete classes; in the nth class of initial conditions a_{n-1}\infty, a_n~A\sqrt{n}, where A=2^{5/6}. Numerical analysis reveals that the first Painleve transcendent has an eigenvalue structure that is quite similar to that of the equation y'(x)=\cos[πxy(x)] and that the nth eigenvalue grows with n like a constant times n^{3/5} as n-->\infty. Finally, it is noted that the constant A is numerically very close to the lower bound on the power-series constant P in the theory of complex variables, which is associated with the asymptotic behavior of zeros of partial sums of Taylor series.
description: 15 pages, 8 figures
Classical algorithms for many-body quantum systems at finite energies
Creators: name: Yang, Yilun
name: Cirac, J. Ignacio
name: Bañuls, Mari Carmen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate quantum inspired algorithms to compute physical observables of quantum many-body systems at finite energies. They are based on the quantum algorithms proposed in [Lu et al. PRX Quantum 2, 020321 (2021)], which use the quantum simulation of the dynamics of such systems, as well as classical filtering and sampling techniques. Here, we replace the quantum simulation by standard classical methods based on matrix product states and operators. As a result, we can address significantly larger systems than those reachable by exact diagonalization or by other algorithms. We demonstrate the performance with spin chains up to 80 sites.
Lefschetz properties for jacobian rings of cubic fourfolds and other Artinian algebras
Creators: name: Bricalli, Davide
name: Favale, Filippo F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14J35, 13E10, 14J70, 14M10, 13F20, 14N05

description: In this paper, we exploit some geometric-differential techniques to prove the strong Lefschetz property in degree $1$ for a complete intersection standard Artinian Gorenstein algebra of codimension $6$ presented by quadrics. We prove also some strong Lefschetz properties for the same kind of Artinian algebras in higher codimensions. Moreover, we analyze some loci that come naturally into the picture of "special" Artinian algebras: for them, we give some geometric descriptions and show a connection between the non emptiness of the so-called non-Lefschetz locus in degree $1$ and the "lifting" of a weak Lefschetz property to an algebra from one of its quotients.
description: 21 pages
Patellofemoral Osteoarthritis: Foot and Ankle Features, Diagnosis, and Treatment with Foot Orthoses
Creators: name: Tan, Jade
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 110318 Podiatry
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: A thesis submitted in total fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy to La Trobe Sport and Exercise Medicine Research Centre, School of Allied Health, Human Services and Sport, College of Science, Health and Engineering, La Trobe University, Victoria, Australia.
Remarks on Hamiltonian Structures in G_2-Geometry
Creators: name: Cho, Hyunjoo
name: Salur, Sema
name: Todd, Albert J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article, we treat G_2-geometry as a special case of multisymplectic geometry and make a number of remarks regarding Hamiltonian multivector fields and Hamiltonian differential forms on manifolds with an integrable G_2-structure; in particular, we discuss existence and make a number of identifications of the spaces of Hamiltonian structures associated to the two multisymplectic structures associated to an integrable G_2-structure. Along the way, we prove some results in multisymplectic geometry that are generalizations of results from symplectic geometry.
description: 17 pages; LaTeX; This is a reworking of material from our previous articles math.DG:1112.0832 & math.DG:1212.2261
Designing Multi-functional Metamaterials
Creators: name: Capers, J. R.
name: Boyes, S. J.
name: Hibbins, A. P.
name: Horsley, S. A. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ability to design passive structures that perform different operations on different electromagnetic fields is key to many technologies, from beam-steering to optical computing. While many techniques have been developed to optimise structure to achieve specific functionality through inverse design, designing multi-function materials remains challenging. We present a semi-analytic method, based on the discrete dipole approximation, to design multi-functional metamaterials. To demonstrate the generality of our method, we design a device that operates at optical wavelengths and beams light into different directions depending on the source polarisation and a device that works at microwave wavelengths and sorts plane waves by their angle of incidence.
Crossover from Electromagnetically Induced Transparency to Autler-Townes Splitting in Open Ladder Systems with Doppler Broadening
Creators: name: Tan, Chaohua
name: Huang, Guoxiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a general theoretical scheme to investigate the crossover from electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) to Autler-Townes splitting (ATS) in open ladder-type atomic and molecular systems with Doppler broadening. We show that when the wavenumber ratio $k_c/k_p\approx -1$, EIT, ATS, and EIT-ATS crossover exist for both ladder-I and ladder-II systems, where $k_c$ ($k_p$) is the wavenumber of control (probe) field. Furthermore, when $k_c/k_p$ is far from $-1$ EIT can occur but ATS is destroyed if the upper state of the ladder-I system is a Rydberg state. In addition, ATS exists but EIT is not possible if the control field used to couple the two lower states of the ladder-II system is a microwave field. The theoretical scheme developed here can be applied to atoms, molecules, and other systems (including Na$_2$ molecules, and Rydberg atoms), and the results obtained may have practical applications in optical information processing and transformation.
description: 24 pages, 9 figures
Washington State Student Achievement Initiative Policy Study: Final Report
Creators: name: Jenkins, Paul Davis
name: Wachen, John
name: Moore, Colleen
name: Shulock, Nancy
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Community college students--Education
Community colleges

description: In 2007, the Washington State Board for Community and Technical Colleges (SBCTC) launched a performance reporting and funding policy called the Student Achievement Initiative (SAI) both to improve public accountability by more accurately describing what students achieve from enrolling in community colleges and to provide incentives to colleges through financial rewards for increasing student success. This report presents findings from a three-year evaluation of the initiative that was designed to assess how and to what extent the SAI model of performance funding encourages colleges to track trends in student achievement and improve student outcomes. The quantitative component of the evaluation was an analysis of “achievement point” accumulation by colleges over the period 2007 to 2011. The qualitative component was based on a synthesis of approximately 250 interviews with faculty, staff, and administrators at 20 of Washington State’s 34 community and technical colleges that took place in spring 2012.
Relaxation and dynamics of high-stress pre-displaced string resonators
Creators: name: Yao, Xiong
name: Hoch, David
name: Poot, Menno
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Pre-displaced micromechanical resonators made from high-stress material give rise to new rich static and dynamic behavior. Here, an analytical model is presented to describe the mechanics of such pre-displaced resonators. The bending and tension energies are derived and a modified Euler-Bernoulli equation is obtained by applying the least action principle. By projecting the model onto a cosine shape, the energy landscape is visualized, and the pre-displacement dependence of stress and frequency is studied semi-analytically. The analysis is extended with finite-element simulations, including the mode shape, the role of overhang, and the stress distribution.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures
Majorana Fermions on Zigzag Edge of Monolayer Transition Metal Dichalcogenides
Creators: name: Chu, Rui-Lin
name: Liu, Gui-Bin
name: Yao, Wang
name: Xu, Xiaodong
name: Xiao, Di
name: Zhang, Chuanwei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Majorana fermions, quantum particles with non-Abelian exchange statistics, are not only of fundamental importance, but also building blocks for fault-tolerant quantum computation. Although certain experimental breakthroughs for observing Majorana fermions have been made recently, their conclusive dection is still challenging due to the lack of proper material properties of the underlined experimental systems. Here we propose a new platform for Majorana fermions based on edge states of certain non-topological two-dimensional semiconductors with strong spin-orbit coupling, such as monolayer group-VI transition metal dichalcogenides (TMD). Using first-principles calculations and tight-binding modeling, we show that zigzag edges of monolayer TMD can host well isolated single edge band with strong spin-orbit coupling energy. Combining with proximity induced s-wave superconductivity and in-plane magnetic fields, the zigzag edge supports robust topological Majorana bound states at the edge ends, although the two-dimensional bulk itself is non-topological. Our findings points to a controllable and integrable platform for searching and manipulating Majorana fermions.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures
Scaling theory of wave confinement in classical and quantum periodic systems
Creators: name: Kozoň, Marek
name: Lagendijk, Ad
name: Schlottbom, Matthias
name: van der Vegt, Jaap J. W.
name: Vos, Willem L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Functional defects in periodic media confine waves - acoustic, electromagnetic, electronic, spin, etc. - in various dimensions, depending on the structure of the defect. While defects are usually modelled by a superlattice with a typical band-structure representation of energy levels, determining the confinement associated with a given band is highly non-trivial and no analytical method is known to date. Therefore, we propose a rigorous method to classify the dimensionality of the confinement. Starting from the confinement energy and the mode volume, we use finite-size scaling to find that ratios of these quantities to certain powers yield the confinement dimensionality of each band. This classification has negligible additional computational costs compared to a band structure calculation and is valid for any type of wave in both quantum and classical regimes, and any dimension. In the quantum case, we illustrate our method on electronic confinement in 2D hexagonal BN with a nitrogen vacancy, which confirms the previous results. In the classical case, we study a three-dimensional photonic band gap cavity superlattice, where we identify novel acceptor-like behavior.
description: 6 pages and 5 figures main text, 6 pages and 4 figures supplemental material
Research Agenda - 1st Cycle
Creators: name: Klados, Manousos
name: White, James
name: Zorell, Carolin
name: Gajdusek, Martin Felix
name: Szudi, Gabor
name: Pellegrini-Masini, Giuseppe
name: Boostani, Pariman
name: Strid, Sofia
name: Abrantes, Patrícia
name: Moreno, Luís
name: Ferreira, Daniela
name: Fonseca, Maria Lucinda
name: Vivas, Ana
name: Chatzimpyros, Vasileios
name: Balkmar, Dag
name: Quinti, Gabriele
name: Cacace, Marina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Research Agenda

description: This deliverable aims to provide an overview of the research gaps identified within the framework of the Green Deal policy areas. The findings presented in this deliverable are based on the first cycle of the Research Lines and Open Studios. The primary objective of this deliverable is to address the need for a comprehensive understanding of the existing research gaps within each policy area of the Green Deal. By doing so, it aims to contribute to the development of future research agendas and pave the way for effective policymaking and implementation. This deliverable may serve as a crucial reference document that encapsulates the research gaps identified per Green Deal policy area. By incorporating insights from multiple cycles of research analysis and pilot actions, it offers a comprehensive understanding of the research needs and priorities within the context of the Green Deal. The outputs from this deliverable will facilitate evidence-based decision-making and support the development of effective strategies to achieve the goals of the Green Deal initiative.
High-refractive index and mechanically cleavable non-van der Waals InGaS3
Creators: name: Toksumakov, Adilet N.
name: Ermolaev, Georgy A.
name: Slavich, Alexander S.
name: Doroshina, Natalia V.
name: Sukhanova, Ekaterina V.
name: Yakubovsky, Dmitry I.
name: Novikov, Sergey M.
name: Oreshonkov, Alexander S.
name: Tsymbarenko, Dmitry M.
name: Popov, Zakhar I.
name: Kvashnin, Dmitry G.
name: Vyshnevyy, Andrey A.
name: Arsenin, Aleksey V.
name: Ghazaryan, Davit A.
name: Volkov, Valentyn S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The growing families of two-dimensional crystals derived from naturally occurring van der Waals materials offer an unprecedented platform to investigate elusive physical phenomena and could be of use in a diverse range of devices. Of particular interest are recently reported atomic sheets of non-van der Waals materials, which could allow a better comprehension of the nature of structural bonds and increase the functionality of prospective heterostructures. Here, we study the optostructural properties of ultrathin non-van der Waals InGaS3 sheets produced by standard mechanical cleavage. Our ab initio calculation results suggest an emergence of authentically delicate out-of-plane covalent bonds within its unit cell, and, as a consequence, an artificial generation of layered structure within the material. Those yield to singular layer isolation energies of around 50 meVA-2, which is comparable with the conventional van der Waals material's monolayer isolation energies of 20 - 60 meVA-2. In addition, we provide a comprehensive analysis of the structural, vibrational, and optical properties of the materials presenting that it is a wide bandgap (2.73 eV) semiconductor with a high-refractive index (higher than 2.5) and negligible losses in the visible and infrared spectral ranges. It makes it a perfect candidate for further establishment of visible-range all-dielectric nanophotonics.
Worldsheet instantons and coupling selection rules in heterotic orbifolds
Creators: name: Parameswaran, Susha L.
name: Zavala, Ivonne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review recent results on string coupling selection rules for heterotic orbifolds, derived using conformal field theory. Such rules are the first step towards understanding the viability of the recently obtained compactifications with potentially realistic particle spectra. They arise from the properties of the worldsheet instantons that mediate the couplings, and include stringy effects that would seem 'miraculous' to an effective field theory observer.
description: 4 pages, talk presented at SQS'13, JINR, Dubna, Russia, 29 July - 03 August, 2013
For-Profit Higher Education and Community Colleges
Creators: name: Bailey, Thomas R.
name: Badway, Norena
name: Gumport, Patricia J.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2001
Subjects: Community college students--Education
Community colleges

description: This report addresses contemporary concerns about the competitive threat from for-profit educational institutions, contrasts national data on for-profits with national data on private non-profit and public post-secondary institutions, and examines case study data comparing a for-profit chain to three public community colleges located near branches of the chain. As a group, the for-profits are concentrated in a limited number of business and technical fields. Although they may compete with community colleges in those specific areas, the small size of the for-profit sector will limit the overall competitive effect. Moreover, some of the four-year for-profit institutions target upper division students and actively recruit community college graduates, so in this sense, these institutions are complements rather than competitors to community colleges. The authors found important differences between the two types of institutions and the community colleges may find lessons in for-profit institutions' emphasis on customer service, extensive support for employment placement, and degree completion rate.
Bridging College and Careers: Using Dual Enrollment to Enhance Career and Technical Education Pathways (Brief)
Creators: name: Rodríguez, Olga
name: Hughes, Katherine Lee
name: Belfield, Clive
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Community college students--Education
Community colleges

description: The Concurrent Courses Initiative (CCI), funded by The James Irvine Foundation from 2008 until 2011, comprised eight secondary/postsecondary partnerships across California that offered dual enrollment programs with supplemental student supports. The goal of the CCI was to expand access to supportive, career-focused dual enrollment for students often underserved by such programs and underrepresented in higher education, with the expectation that participating students would prosper in college subsequently. We use longitudinal administrative data on individual students who participated in 2008–09 and 2009–10, compared with data on other students from their districts, to test for evidence of differences in outcomes. Relative to comparison students, CCI dual enrollees had similar GPAs but higher graduation rates in high school. CCI dual enrollees entered college at similar rates to the comparison group, but entered four-year institutions and persisted at higher rates. Notably, CCI dual enrollees accumulated more college credits than the comparison group, and this difference in credit accumulation grew over time. After two years in college, CCI dual enrollees had accumulated 20 percent more credits than their district peers. These are the results of the data pooled across the sites; we also report results for the individual sites, which vary.
Costs of Producing Food Grains, Feed Grains, Oilseeds, and Cotton, 1974-76
Creators: name: Krenz, Ronald
name: Garst, Gail
name: Micheel, Charles
name: Fawcett, David
name: Rogers, Stanley
name: Krenz, Ronald
name: Garst, Gail
name: Micheel, Charles
name: Fawcett, David
name: Rogers, Stanley
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1976
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Production Economics
subject: Farm production
subject: commodity production costs
subject: agricultural costs
subject: costs and returns
subject: enterprise budgets

description: This report presents regional and national estimates of variable, machinery ownership, and general farm overhead costs per acre and per unit for crop years 1974, 1975, and projections for 1976. Estimates of the land and management cost components are not included. Cost estimates are included for food grains, feed grains, oilseeds, and cotton crops. Production costs were higher in 1974 than in previous years because of rapidly rising input prices and generally poor yields for most crops in most regions. In 1975 production costs per acre showed a continued but slowed increase varying from 6 percent for flaxseed to 25 percent for com. However, yields increased from 3 to 26 percent and thereby held per unit costs near the 1974 levels. In fact, cost estimates per bushel for barley, soybeans, and flaxseed actually declined in 1975. Cotton costs were the exception, increasing by almost 24 percent in 1975. Given projected yield levels, unit costs in 1976 would be only slightly higher than in 1975. Projected favorable yields and falling input prices, especially for fertilizer, are responsible for the smaller rate of increase indicated.
Calibrated Gas Accretion and Orbital Migration of Protoplanets in 1D Disc Models
Creators: name: Schib, Oliver
name: Mordasini, Christoph
name: Helled, Ravit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We aim to develop a simple prescription for migration and accretion in 1D disc models, calibrated with results of 3D hydrodynamic simulations. Our focus lies on non-self-gravitating discs, but we also discuss to what degree our prescription could be applied when the discs are self-gravitating. We study migration using torque densities. Our model for the torque density is based on existing fitting formulas, which we subsequently modify to prevent premature gap-opening. At higher planetary masses, we also apply torque densities from hydrodynamic simulations directly to our 1D model. These torque densities allow modelling the orbital evolution of an initially low-mass planet that undergoes runaway-accretion to become a massive planet. The two-way exchange of angular momentum between disc and planet is included. This leads to a self-consistent treatment of gap formation that only relies on directly accessible disc parameters. We present a formula for Bondi- and Hill- gas accretion in the disc-limited regime. This formula is self-consistent in the sense that mass is removed from the disc in the location from where it is accreted. We find that the resulting evolution in mass and semi-major axis in the 1D framework is in good agreement with those from 3D hydrodynamical simulations for a range of parameters. Our prescription is valuable for simultaneously modelling migration and accretion in 1D-models. We conclude that it is appropriate and beneficial to apply torque densities from hydrodynamic simulations in 1D models, at least in the parameter space we study here. More work is needed to in order to determine whether our approach is also applicable in an even wider parameter space and in situations with more complex disc thermodynamics, or when the disc is self-gravitating.
description: Published in A&A, replaced by language-corrected version that contains link to torque data
Analyticity and higher twists
Creators: name: Teryaev, Oleg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The representation for infinite sum of higher twists (HT) tower in DIS implied by analyticity of virtual Compton amplitude is suggested. Its simplest realization allows to describe the Bjorken sum rule at all momentum transfers. It is stressed that TMDs accommodate the infinite tower of HT similar to non-local vacuum condensates for the case of vacuum matrix element. The D-term in hadronic GPDs bears some similarity to vacuum cosmological constant. The negative sign of D-term may be understood as a similarity between inflation and annihilation via the graviton exchange.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure;Updated contribution based on the talk given at the conference "Hadron Structure'13", 30 June - 4 July, 2013, Tatranske Matliare, Slovak Republic
Source data for Young SINEs in Pig Genomes Impact Gene Regulation, Genetic Diversity, and Complex Traits
Creators: name: zhao, Pengju
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 310204
subject: Genomics and transcriptomics
classificationCode: 310206
subject: Sequence analysis

description: Source data for Figures of Young SINEs in Pig Genomes Impact Gene Regulation, Genetic Diversity, and Complex Traits
Online Learning in the Virginia Community College System
Creators: name: Jaggars, Shanna
name: Xu, Di
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: Community college students--Education
Community colleges

description: This study, commissioned by the Virginia Community College System (VCCS), investigates (1) patterns of online course taking among VCCS students; (2) students’ retention and performance in online versus face-to-face courses; and (3) educational outcomes for students who participate in online learning.   Findings from the study, which looked at outcomes for 2004 and 2008 cohorts, indicate that nearly half of Virginia community college students enrolled in an online course across the period of study, but that few students enrolled in a fully online curriculum in a given term. In general, students with stronger academic preparation were more likely to enroll in online courses. Regardless of their initial level of preparation, however, students were more likely to fail or withdraw from online courses than from face-to-face courses. Students who took online coursework in early semesters were also slightly less likely to return to school in subsequent semesters, and students who took a higher proportion of credits online were slightly less likely to attain a credential or transfer to a four-year institution.
D4.6 Validation and Evaluation initial  Report
Creators: name: VitiGEOSS Partners
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: The document outlines the validation process for the Intelligent Services developed as part of the VitiGEOSS project. This project aims to provide the winemaking community with cutting-edge tools to improve their sustainability practices and optimize their production processes. In the second vegetative season (2022), the Intelligent Services are thoroughly validated using data collected from three demo sites. The performances of the VitiGEOSS services are monitored and evaluated using various metrics. This includes the ability of the tool to forecast vine phenology, monitor key crop indicators, provide climate prediction, predict the occurrence of vine diseases, deliver precise disease treatment recipes, optimize the use of resources and tasks, and evaluate sustainable indicators. 
Data collected during this second season are used to calculate intermediate performance and propose improvements to be implemented in the third year. The final performance of the intelligent services will be determined using data from the third vegetative season (D4.7). Overall, this document provides an overview of the validation process for the Intelligent Services developed as part of the VitiGEOSS project. These tools aim to help the winemaking community to improve their current strategies and move towards more sustainable practices as well as help them make decisions on a week to week basis throughout the growing season.
description: The VitiGEOSS project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No. 869565
The Characteristics of Occupational Sub-Baccalaureate Students Entering the New Millennium
Creators: name: Bailey, Thomas R.
name: Leinbach, D. Timothy
name: Scott, Marc
name: Alfonso, Mariana
name: Kienzl, Gregory S.
name: Kennedy, Benjamin
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2003
Subjects: Community college students--Education
Community colleges

description: This report is a quantitative analysis of postsecondary occupational education students using national data sets. It provides a detailed description of the demographic characteristics, enrollment patterns, and goals of sub-baccalaureate occupational students in comparison to both academic sub-baccalaureate students and baccalaureate students. It is the first of three reports submitted as part of the National Assessment of Vocational Education (NAVE), called for by the Carl D. Perkins Vocational and Applied Technology Act of 1998. These reports contribute to the purpose of NAVE to help Congress improve occupational and technical education in the United States by providing a descriptive and analytic understanding of occupational students within the broader context of all postsecondary education.
Introduction to the CCRC Assessment of Evidence Series
Creators: name: Bailey, Thomas R.
name: Jaggars, Shanna
name: Jenkins, Paul Davis
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: Community college students--Education
Community colleges

description: Community colleges play an important role in the U.S. economy, providing access to higher education for low-income young people, a path to higher-earning employment for low-income workers, and a supply of well-trained employees for local industry. In order to remain competitive with other major economies, however, the U.S. must sharply increase its supply of educated workers over the coming decade. Accordingly, policymakers and private foundations have set ambitious goals for improving the rate at which Americans earn college credentials. To meet these goals, community colleges will have to increase both the number of students they serve and the rate at which those students graduate. Improving student graduation rates will not be an easy task, particularly for community colleges, which disproportionately serve low-income, first-generation, and academically underprepared students. These students struggle with a variety of challenges, including job and child care responsibilities, transportation difficulties, financial limitations, poor high school academic preparation, and a lack of information about how to successfully navigate college. The goal of the CCRC Assessment of Evidence Series is to help community colleges identify concrete strategies that have the potential to improve student success on a scale needed to meet national goals for increased postsecondary attainment.
Digital twins: Enabling interoperability in smart manufacturing networks
Creators: name: O'CONNELL, EOIN
name: O'Brien, William
name: Bhattacharya, Mangolika
name: MOORE, DENIS
name: Penica, Mihai
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 40
subject: Engineering

description: As Industry 4.0 networks continue to evolve at a rapid pace, they are becoming increasingly complex and distributed. These networks incorporate a range of technologies that are integrated into smart manufacturing systems, requiring adaptability, security, and resilience. However, managing the complexity of Industry 4.0 networks presents significant challenges, particularly in terms of security and the integration of diverse technologies into a functioning and efficient infrastructure.To address these challenges, emerging digital twin standards are enabling the connection of various systems by linking individual digital twins, creating a system of systems. The objective is to develop a “universal translator” that can interpret inputs from both the real and digital worlds, merging them into a seamless cyber-physical reality. It will be demonstrated how the myriad of technologies and systems in Industry 4.0 networks can be connected through the use of digital twins to create a seamless “system of systems”. This will improve interoperability, resilience, and security in smart manufacturing systems. The paper will also outline the potential benefits and limitations of digital twins in addressing the challenges of Industry 4.0 networks.
The Effect of Composition on the Evolution of Giant and Intermediate-Mass Planets
Creators: name: Vazan, A.
name: Kovetz, A.
name: Podolak, M.
name: Helled, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We model the evolution of planets with various masses and compositions. We investigate the effects of the composition and its depth dependence on the long-term evolution of the planets. The effects of opacity and stellar irradiation are also considered. It is shown that the change in radius due to various compositions can be significantly smaller than the change in radius caused by the opacity. Irradiation also affects the planetary contraction but is found to be less important than the opacity effects. We suggest that the mass-radius relationship used for characterization of observed extrasolar planets should be taken with great caution since different physical conditions can result in very different mass-radius relationships.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS, 10 pages, 14 figures
Analytical results for the distribution of first-passage times of random walks on random regular graphs
Creators: name: Tishby, Ido
name: Biham, Ofer
name: Katzav, Eytan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present analytical results for the distribution of first-passage (FP) times of random walks (RWs) on random regular graphs that consist of $N$ nodes of degree $c \ge 3$. Starting from a random initial node at time $t=0$, at each time step $t \ge 1$ an RW hops into a random neighbor of its previous node. In some of the time steps the RW may hop into a yet-unvisited node while in other time steps it may revisit a node that has already been visited before. We calculate the distribution $P( T_{\rm FP} = t )$ of first-passage times from a random initial node $i$ to a random target node $j$, where $j \ne i$. We distinguish between FP trajectories whose backbone follows the shortest path (SPATH) from the initial node $i$ to the target node $j$ and FP trajectories whose backbone does not follow the shortest path ($\lnot {\rm SPATH}$). More precisely, the SPATH trajectories from the initial node $i$ to the target node $j$ are defined as trajectories in which the subnetwork that consists of the nodes and edges along the trajectory is a tree network. Moreover, the shortest path between $i$ and $j$ on this subnetwork is the same as in the whole network. The SPATH scenario is probable mainly when the length $\ell_{ij}$ of the shortest path between the initial node $i$ and the target node $j$ is small. The analytical results are found to be in very good agreement with the results obtained from computer simulations.
description: 32 pages, 10 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2110.13592, arXiv:2106.10449, arXiv:2102.12195
First observations of the Phoebe ring in optical light
Creators: name: Tamayo, Daniel
name: Hedman, Matthew M.
name: Burns, Joseph A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Phoebe ring, Saturn's largest and faintest ring, lies far beyond the planet's well-known main rings. It is primarily sourced by collisions with Saturn's largest irregular satellite Phoebe, perhaps through stochastic macroscopic collisions, or through more steady micrometeoroid bombardment. The ring was discovered with the Spitzer Space Telescope at 24 $μ$m and has a normal optical depth of $\sim 2 \times 10^{-8}$ (Verbiscer et al. 2009). We report the first observations of sunlight scattered off the Phoebe ring using the Cassini spacecraft's ISS camera at optical wavelengths. We find that material between $\approx 130-210$ Saturnian radii ($R_S$) from the planet produces an I/F of $1.7 \pm 0.1 \times 10^{-11}$ per $R_S$ of the line-of-sight distance through the disk. Combining our measurements with the Spitzer infrared data, we can place constraints on the ring-particles' light-scattering properties. Depending on the particles' assumed phase function, the derived single-scattering albedo can match either photometric models of Phoebe's dark regolith or brighter sub-surface material excavated by macroscopic impacts on Phoebe.
description: Accepted for publication in Icarus