Koeneniodes madecassus Remy 1950
Creators: name: Bu, Yun
name: Souza, Maysa Fernanda Villela Rezende
name: Ferreira, Rodrigo Lopes
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Palpigradi
Eukoeneniidae
Koeneniodes
Koeneniodes madecassus

description: Koeneniodes madecassus Remy, 1950
(Figs. 2–40, Table 1)
Material examined. ♀, China, Guangxi, Chongzuo City, Daxing County, Mingshi Villa. Extracted from a soil sample collected under grass on the bank of Mingshi River, 279 m.a.s.l., 22°85’N / 106°73’E, 6–IX–2018, leg. Yun Bu (slide no. GX–DX–PS2018006) (SNHM).
Diagnosis. Frontal organ with two leafs–shaped and pointed branches, with fine reticulation; one single leafshaped blade with fine reticulation in the lateral organs; 5 setae on deuto–tritosternum; 10 pairs of setae on propeltidium; 3 pairs of setae on metapeltidium; cheliceral fingers with 9 teeth each; coxae II–IV with 3–3–0 thick setae; 5 setae (grt, gla, r, and 2 esd) on basitarsus of leg IV; opisthosomal tergites II–VI with two pairs of t setae between one s setae on each side; opisthosomal sternites IV–VI with two slender setae (s 1 and s 2) inserted laterally; sternite IV with two rows of thick setae: one anterior with 16 setae inserted on tubercles and clustered together and one posterior with 3 pairs of setae (a 1, a 2 and a 3); sternite V with two rows of thick setae: the anterior with 1 pair and the posterior with 3 pairs (a 1 and a 2 with roundish and broad apex and inserted in the middle of the segment, a 3 slightly longer and inserted more laterally); sternite VI with two rows of setae: one anterior with 9 thick setae, and one posterior with 5 long setae; first lobe of female genitalia with 8 pairs of ordinary setae (a 3 and a 4 five times longer than a 1 and a 2) and 10 differentiated short setae inserted in large cavities (including 2 bud–shaped short setae) in its central region; second lobe with 3 pairs of setae.
Description. Body length without flagellum: 1100 (Fig. 2).
Prosoma. Frontal organ 20 long, 10 wide, and formed by two leaf–shaped branches with pointed apex and reticulation present (Fig. 3). Lateral organ with a one leaf–shaped blade (15 long, 5 wide) with fine reticulation (Fig. 4). Propeltidium with 10+10 setae, 17–32 long (Fig. 5). Setae t 1, t 2 and t 3 of metapeltidium 43, 55 and 45 long, respectively (Fig. 6). Labrum with 5+5 short setae (13–15 long) (Fig. 7). Basal segment of chelicera 180 long (dorsal length) and 85 wide, with 6 proximal setae (p 6 the thickest and densely barbed, 76 long; p 4 thicker than the remaining setae and densely barbed in most of its length, 45 long) (Figs. 7, 15), 3 distal setae smooth in their proximal third and with tiny projections in their distal part, truncated apically: d 3 longer (70) than d 1 (40) and d 2 (35) (Figs. 7, 16); and 1 apical pointed seta (40). Hand of chelicera 150 long (without fingers) and 85 wide, with 7 setae: 4 dorsal, 2 in exterior position (1 close to articulation of movable finger and 1 on a tubercle close to the teeth of the fixed finger), and 1 in interior position. Fingers with 9 teeth each, feather–shaped with an edging of tiny, densely set barbules (Fig. 8). Deuto–tritosternum with 5 setae (15 long) arranged in two rows: the anterior with 3 setae and the posterior with 2 setae (Figs. 9–10).
Coxal chaetotaxy. Pedipalp coxa with 19 setae (Figs. 11, 17); coxa I with 15 setae (including two tiny microsetae) (Fig. 18); coxa II with 3 thick and 10 ordinary setae (including two macrosetae) (Figs. 10, 12, 19); coxa III with 3 thick and 8 ordinary setae (including one macroseta) (Figs. 10, 20) and coxa IV with 7 ordinary setae (thick setae absent) (Figs. 10, 21).
Pedipalp. tc with 9 normal setae (Fig. 22); fe with 8 setae including 2 macrosetae (Fig. 23); ti with 8 setae including 5 m; bta1 with 1 m and 1 normal seta; bta2 with 1 normal seta and 5 m (Fig. 24); ta1 with 1 m; ta2 with 6 m; ta3 with 1 fs, 1 cs, 2 r, 15 normal setae (Fig. 25); apical claw 15 long with short pubescent unguiculus (5 long) (Fig. 25).
Leg I. tc with 14 normal setae including two small setae in proximal half (15 long) (Fig. 26); fe with 9 normal setae; pa with 9 normal setae and 1 tb (Fig. 27); ti with 9 normal setae; bta1 with 2 normal setae, 1 m, 2 tb; bta2 with 3 m, 1 normal seta, 2 tb (Fig. 28); bta3 with 1 r, 1 grt and 1 small seta; bta4 with 5 m, 1 tb and 1 fs; ta1 with 1 r, 1 m, 1 normal setae and 2 adjacent small setae (7 and 10 long, respectively); ta2 with 5 m, 1 tb and 1 fs (Fig. 29); ta3 with 3 fs (fs 1 / fs 2+3) (branches with similar lengths), 2 r, 1 cs, 1 rs, 15 m and 2 normal setae (Fig. 30).
Legs II and III with nearly identical chaetotaxy. tc with 3 (leg II) or 2 (leg III) normal setae; fe with 1 m and 4 normal setae; pa with 5 normal setae; ti with 5 normal setae; bta with 4 normal setae; ta with 1 r, 6 normal setae and 2 spatulate setae (Fig. 14).
Leg IV. tc with 2 m and 1 small seta; fe with 1 m and 2 normal setae; pa with 5 normal setae; ti with 5 normal setae; bta with grt, gla, r and 2 esd (Fig. 31); ta1 with 4 m; ta2 with 5 normal setae, 1 r and 2 spatulate setae (Fig. 13).
Basitarsus of leg IV (IVbta) with 5 setae (grt, gla, r and 2 esd). Seta r 15% shorter than the tergal edge of segment and inserted in its half (d r / IVbta = 0.53); gla inserted in proximal half, grt slightly distal to r (Fig. 31).
Opisthosoma. Tergite III with 3+3 setae (t 1 = 40, t 2 = 48, s = 38). Tergites II–VI with 3+3 setae, two pairs of t setae (t 1, t 2) between a pair of slender setae (s) (Fig. 32). Sternite III with 2+2 setae (20 long) (Fig. 33). Sternite IV with 16 anterior setae (20–28) on tubercles arranged as 8+8 and clustered together in the middle region of the sternite, and a row of 10 posterior setae: a 1 (30), a 2 (32), a 3 (30) short and thick (setae a 1 and a 2 inserted in the middle region, a 3 more laterally) flanked by the slender setae s 1 (34) and s 2 (20) (Figs. 33, 39). Sternite V with 1 pair of anterior setae (21) and a row of 10 posterior setae: a 1 and a 2 thick (about 30 long), with roundish and broad apex and inserted in the middle of the segment, a 3 slightly longer (33) and inserted more laterally, flanked by the slender setae s 1 (33) and s 2 (20); one pore observed between the a 2 and a 3 setae (Figs. 33, 34). Sternite VI with two rows of setae: one anterior with 9 thick setae (28–32), and a posterior of 5 long setae (65–68) flanked by the slender setae s 1 (40) and s 2 (24) (Figs. 33, 35). Segments VII–XI with 9, 12, 9, 9, and 8 setae (Figs. 36–37). Two dorsal setae (14) on the intermediate ring of the flagellum are smaller than two ventral setae (25) (Figs. 36–37). Pubescence of the opisthosomal segments IX–XI evenly short and dense. Flagellum lost.
Female genitalia. First lobe with 8+8 normal setae arranged in rows: 2+2, 1+1, 1+1 and 4+4 distal setae (a1 = a2 = 17, a3 = a4 =70), and 10 microsetae inserted on the central region of the lobe with large insertion cavities (diameter as 5 μm), including 1 pair of thicker and shorter (bud–shaped) setae (8 long) and 8 slender and slightly longer setae (10–15) (Figs. 38–39). Inner surface of the first lobe with a group of 3 orifices on each side and a medial pair of smaller orifices. Second lobe with 3+3 apical setae (x = 28, y = 30, z = 28); presence of cuticular spines and a group of 4 orifices on each half (Fig. 38).
Measurements (in μm) and indices are given in Table 1.
Distribution. Koeneniodes madecassus was described from specimens collected in Madagascar (one adult female from Hellville, Nosy–Be, a small island of the northwest coast, and one immature of stage A from the surroundings of Ambanja) and La Réunion (one adult female from Sainte–Rose) (Remy 1950). Later, the species was reported from other localities in La Réunion (Remy 1952) and from other countries: Mauritius (Remy 1958), Seychelles (Condé 1997), Sri Lanka (Remy 1961), Indonesia (Condé 1990) and Hong Kong in China (Condé 1993). We found it in Guangxi Province of China for the first time. All records are mapped in Fig. 40.
description: Published as part of Bu, Yun, Souza, Maysa Fernanda Villela Rezende & Ferreira, Rodrigo Lopes, 2019, A new locality of Koeneniodes madecassus Remy, 1950 (Palpigradi: Eukoeneniidae) in China, with the first complete redescription of a Koeneniodes species, pp. 541-555 in Zootaxa 4658 (3) on pages 544-550, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4658.3.6, http://zenodo.org/record/3376114