Induced pluripotent stem cell therapies in heart failure treatment: a meta-analysis and systematic review
Creators: name: Le, Duy Cao Phuong
name: Hoa The Bui
name: Vu, Yen Thi Hai
name: Vo, Quan Duy
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: <b>Background:</b> Heart failure (HF) causes over 266,400 deaths annually. Despite treatment advancements, HF mortality remains high. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) offer promising new options. This review assesses iPSC-based treatments for HF. <b>Method:</b> the review included studies from PubMed, ScienceDirect and Web of Science. <b>Results:</b> Analysis of 25 studies with 553 animals showed a baseline ejection fraction (EF) of 39.2 ± 8.9%. iPSC treatment significantly improved EF (MD = 8.6, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) and fractional shortening (MD = 6.38, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), and reduced ventricular remodeling without increasing arrhythmia risk. <b>Conclusion:</b> iPSC-based therapy improves heart function and reduces ventricular volumes in HF animal models, aligning with promising early clinical trial outcomes. Heart failure is a condition where the heart struggles to pump blood effectively, leading to severe health problems. Traditional treatments often fall short, and many patients don't survive long-term. Our study explores a new treatment using induced pluripotent stem cells, which can become any type of cell, including heart cells. The results showed that iPSC treatment significantly improved heart function and reduced heart damage without increasing the risk of irregular heartbeats. In general, iPSC therapy holds promise for treating heart failure by enhancing heart function and reducing damage. More research is needed to confirm its benefits and safety in humans, but this approach could offer new hope for heart failure patients. Heart Failure (HF) Burden: HF causes over 266,400 deaths annually. Current Treatment Limits: Traditional treatments have high mortality rates and long wait times for transplants. iPSC Therapy Promise: iPSCs can differentiate into heart cells, offering a new regenerative treatment option. Review Scope: Included studies from PubMed, ScienceDirect and Web of Science. Inclusion Criteria: Animal studies with HF treated with iPSCs, reporting cardiac outcomes. Heart Function Improvement:○ Ejection Fraction (EF): iPSC treatment improved EF (MD: 8.6, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001).○ Fractional Shortening (FS): Improved FS (MD: 6.38, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001).○ Ventricular Remodeling: Reduced LVESD and LVEDD (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Ejection Fraction (EF): iPSC treatment improved EF (MD: 8.6, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Fractional Shortening (FS): Improved FS (MD: 6.38, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Ventricular Remodeling: Reduced LVESD and LVEDD (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Safety Outcomes:○ Mortality: Potential reduction in mortality risk, not statistically significant (OR: 0.51, <i>p</i> = 0.11).○ Arrhythmia Risk: No significant increase in irregular heartbeats. Mortality: Potential reduction in mortality risk, not statistically significant (OR: 0.51, <i>p</i> = 0.11). Arrhythmia Risk: No significant increase in irregular heartbeats. Future Directions:○ Combination Therapies: Integrating iPSCs with bioengineering and AI.○ Clinical Trials: Early trials show promise for iPSC safety and efficacy in humans. Combination Therapies: Integrating iPSCs with bioengineering and AI. Clinical Trials: Early trials show promise for iPSC safety and efficacy in humans. Promising Therapy: iPSC treatment improves heart function and reduces damage in HF models. Further Research Needed: Larger clinical trials needed to confirm benefits and safety. Potential Impact: Could revolutionize HF treatment, improving patient outcomes and quality of life.