cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Synaptic Autoregulation by Metalloproteases and  -Secretase
Creators: name: Restituito, S.
name: Ziff, E. B.
name: Mathews, P. M.
name: Ninan, I.
name: Khatri, L.
name: Liu, X.
name: Weinberg, R. J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: The proteoloytic machinery comprising metalloproteases and γ-secretase, an intramembrane aspartyl protease involved in Alzheimer’s disease, cleaves several substrates besides the extensively studied amyloid precursor protein (APP). Some of these substrates, such as N-cadherin, are synaptic proteins involved in synapse remodeling and maintenance. Here we show, in rat and mice that metalloproteases and γ-secretase are physiologic regulators of synapses. Both proteases are synaptic, with γ-secretase tethered at the synapse by δ-catenin, a synaptic scafolding protein which also binds to N-cadherin and, through scaffolds, to α-amino-3-hydroxyl-5-methyl-4-isoxazole-propionate receptor (AMPAR) and a metalloprotease. Activity-dependent proteolysis by metalloproteases and γ-secretase takes place at both sides of the synapse, with the metalloprotease cleavage being N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptor (NMDAR)-dependent. This proteolysis decreases levels of synaptic proteins and diminishes synaptic transmission. Our results suggest that activity-dependent substrate cleavage by synaptic metalloproteases and γ-secretase modifies synaptic transmission, providing a novel form of synaptic autoregulation.
Microwave Extraction of Oligosaccharides from Grey Oyster Mushroom by Microwave Facilitated Hydrolysis
Creators: name: Siwarutt Boonyarattanakalin
Publisher: name: Research Administration Division
Year: 2022
Subjects: ?-glucans, Grey oyster mushroom, Hydrolysis, Immunomodulatory, Microwave radiation, Pleurotus sajor-caju (Fr.) Sing

description: Science & Technology Asia, 27, 3, 236-246
Development of Multifunctional Coatings for Protecting Stones and Lime Mortars of the Architectural Heritage
Creators: name: Speziale, A.
name: González-Sánchez, J. F.
name: Taşcı, B.
name: Pastor, A.
name: Sánchez, L.
name: Fernández-Acevedo, C.
name: Oroz-Mateo, T.
name: Salazar, C.
name: Navarro-Blasco, I.
name: Fernández, J. M.
name: Alvarez, J. I.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Plant Biology

description: Unique multifunctional coatings, comprising a 3D superhydrophobic agent and two nanostructured photocatalysts (solar-light sensitive 50/50 and 10/90 TiO2-ZnO nano-heterostructures), compatible with the inorganic substrates of the Built Heritage, have been designed. The synthesized nanoparticles showed an enhanced photocatalytic activity (tested by NO degradation) as compared with the raw TiO2 and ZnO materials. Dispersing agents were used to optimize the coatings, avoiding agglomeration of the photocatalytic nanoparticles and increasing the stability of the suspensions. Four distinct dispersions were optimized and applied as coatings onto stony materials used in the Built Heritage, such as sandstone, lime mortar, granite and limestone. Their effectiveness was assessed by assessing hydrophobicity of the surfaces (static water contact angle), photocatalytic activity and self-cleaning as well as water vapour permeability of the treated specimens. These transparent coatings demonstrated high compatibility with the construction materials of the Architectural Heritage and showed a synergistic effect rendering a minimized water absorption, self-cleaning ability evidenced by the reduced adsorption of soiling deposits and a reasonable degradation of any trace that might be adsorbed, as well as a protecting hydrophobic environment for the photocatalyst.
Method for detector description transformation to Unity and application in BESIII
Creators: name: Huang, Kai-Xuan
name: Li, Zhi-Jun
name: Qian, Zhen
name: Zhu, Jiang
name: Li, Hao-Yuan
name: Zhang, Yu-Mei
name: Sun, Sheng-Sen
name: You, Zheng-Yun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Detector and event visualization are essential parts of the software used in high-energy physics (HEP) experiments. Modern visualization techniques and multimedia production platforms such as Unity provide impressive display effects and professional extensions for visualization in HEP experiments. In this study, a method for automatic detector description transformation is presented, which can convert the complicated HEP detector geometry from GDML in offline software to 3D modeling in Unity. The method was successfully applied in the BESIII experiment and can be further developed into applications such as event displays, data monitoring, or virtual reality. It has great potential in detector design, offline software development, physics analysis, and outreach for next-generation HEP experiments as well as applications in nuclear techniques for the industry.
description: 10 pages,10 figures
Modified algebraic Bethe ansatz for XXZ chain on the segment - I - triangular cases
Creators: name: Belliard, Samuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 82B23, 81R12

description: The modified algebraic Bethe ansatz, introduced by Crampé and the author [8], is used to characterize the spectral problem of the Heisenberg XXZ spin-$\frac{1}{2}$ chain on the segment with lower and upper triangular boundaries. The eigenvalues and the eigenvectors are conjectured. They are characterized by a set of Bethe roots with cardinality equal to $N$ the length of the chain and which satisfies a set of Bethe equations with an additional term. The conjecture follows from exact results for small chains. We also present a factorized formula for the Bethe vectors of the Heisenberg XXZ spin-$\frac{1}{2}$ chain on the segment with two upper triangular boundaries.
description: V2: published version, some typos were corrected and one remark (5.2) on scalar product was added
A systematic assessment of climate change’s impact on major wine-grape varieties
Creators: name: Gautam, Nisha
Publisher: name: Macquarie University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Other education not elsewhere classified

description: Wine-growing regions have been, or are currently, adapting to climate change, as evidenced by the changing selection and production of wine varieties. This study provides an assessment of past, present and predicted climate affecting the production and suitability of wine varieties across the warmer climate of the Hunter Valley and cooler climate of Northern Tasmania. The research uses a systematic literature review to analyse peer-reviewed studies concerning climate change’s impact on the suitability, production, and viticulture of these climactic regions. Three bioclimatic indices—the Huglin Index (HI), Growing Degree Days (GDD), and Extreme Hot Days (EHD)—are calculated from climate records and predictions to explain how specific varieties have, or may be, affected by climate trends. The study reveals that the Hunter Valley wine-growing region is susceptible to a changing climate that may be reflected within current production data and wine varieties. Tasmanian wine-growing regions have a more secure future when assessed against the climate record and modelling. To validate current data, future research is needed to integrate socio-economic and environmental factors to reveal the capacities and adaptability of traditional and newer wine-growing regions and how they may use novel grape varieties to maintain viable wine-growing regions across Australia.
Multiple star systems observed with CoRoT and Kepler (invited review)
Creators: name: Southworth, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The CoRoT and Kepler satellites were the first space platforms designed to perform high-precision photometry for a large number of stars. Multiple systems display a wide variety of photometric variability, making them natural benefactors of these missions. I review the work arising from CoRoT and Kepler observations of multiple systems, with particular emphasis on eclipsing binaries containing giant stars, pulsators, triple eclipses and/or low-mass stars. Many more results remain untapped in the data archives of these missions, and the future holds the promise of K2, TESS and PLATO.
description: Invited review for the CoRoT Symposium 3 / Kepler KASC-7 joint meeting, Toulouse, July 2014. To be published by EPJ Web of Conferences. Version 2 corrects errors with 4 references, and also changes the format for all references because they were not indexed by NASA ADS
The Cytoskeletal Adaptor Protein Band 4.1B Is Required for the Maintenance of Paranodal Axoglial Septate Junctions in Myelinated Axons
Creators: name: Bhat, M. A.
name: Buttermore, E. D.
name: Cheng, J.
name: An, X.
name: Tessarollo, L.
name: Dupree, J. L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Precise targeting and maintenance of axonal domains in myelinated axons is essential for saltatory conduction. Caspr and Caspr2, which localize at paranodal and juxtaparanodal domains, contain binding sites for the cytoskeletal adaptor protein 4.1B. The exact role of 4.1B in the organization and maintenance of axonal domains is still not clear. Here we report the generation and characterization of 4.1B null mice. We show that loss of 4.1B in the PNS results in mislocalization of Caspr at paranodes and destabilization of paranodal axo-glial septate junctions (AGSJs) as early as postnatal day 30. In the CNS, Caspr localization is progressively disrupted and ultrastructural analysis showed paranodal regions that were completely devoid of AGSJs, with axolemma separated from the myelin loops, and loops coming off the axolemma. Most importantly, our phenotypic analysis of previously generated 4.1B mutants, used in Horresh et al. (2010), showed that Caspr localization was not affected in the PNS, even after one year; and 4.1R was neither expressed, nor enriched at the paranodes. Furthermore, ultrastructural analysis of these 4.1B mutants showed destabilization of CNS AGSJs at about one year. We also discovered that the 4.1B locus is differentially expressed in the PNS and CNS, and generates multiple splice isoforms in the PNS, suggesting 4.1B may function differently in the PNS versus CNS. Together, our studies provide direct evidence that 4.1B plays a pivotal role in interactions between the paranodal AGSJs and axonal cytoskeleton, and that 4.1B is critically required for long-term maintenance of axonal domains in myelinated axons.
Vortices and charge order in high-T_c superconductors
Creators: name: Einenkel, M.
name: Meier, H.
name: Pépin, C.
name: Efetov, K. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically investigate the vortex state of the cuprate high-temperature superconductors in the presence of magnetic fields. Assuming the recently derived nonlinear $σ$-model for fluctuations in the pseudogap phase, we find that the vortex cores consist of two crossed regions of elliptic shape, in which a static charge order emerges. Charge density wave order manifests itself as satellites to the ordinary Bragg peaks directed along the axes of the reciprocal copper lattice. Quadrupole density wave (bond order) satellites, if seen, are predicted to be along the diagonals. The intensity of the satellites should grow linearly with the magnetic field, in agreement with the result of recent experiments.
X-ray Line from the Dark Transition Electric Dipole
Creators: name: Geng, Chao-Qiang
name: Huang, Da
name: Tsai, Lu-Hsing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a two-component dark matter (DM) model in which the two Majorana fermionic DM components with nearly degenerate masses are stabilized by an $Z_2$ symmetry and interact with the right-handed muon and tau only via real Yukawa couplings, together with an additional $Z_2$-odd singly-charged scalar. In this setup, the decay from the heavy DM to the lighter one via the transition electric dipole yields the 3.55 keV X-ray signal observed recently. The Yukawa couplings in the dark sector are assumed to be hierarchical, so that the observed DM relic abundance can be achieved with the leading s-wave amplitudes without a fine-tuning. We also consider the constraints from flavor physics, DM direct detections and collider searches, respectively.
description: 16 pages, 4 figures, revised version accepted for publication in JHEP
Zeeman-Hyperfine Measurements of a Pseudo-Degenerate Quadruplet in CaF$_2$:Ho$^{3+}$
Creators: name: Smith, Kieran M.
name: Reid, Michael F.
name: Wells, Jon-Paul R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report Zeeman infra-red spectroscopy of electronic-nuclear levels of $^5$I$_8 \rightarrow ^5$I$_7$ transitions of Ho$^{3+}$ in the C$_{\rm 4v}$(F$^-$) centre in CaF$_2$ with the magnetic field along the $\langle 111\rangle$ direction of the crystal. Transitions to the lowest $^5$I$_7$ state, an isolated electronic doublet, and the next group of states, a pseudo-quadruplet consisting of a doublet and two nearby singlets, exhibit strongly non-linear Zeeman splittings and intensity variations. Simulated spectra based upon a crystal-field analysis give an excellent approximation to the data, illustrating the strong predictive ability of the parametrised crystal-field approach. Anti-crossings in the hyperfine splittings, the basis of quantum information storage in rare-earth doped insulating dielectrics, are also predicted.
A Longitudinal Study of the Long-Term Consequences of Drinking during Pregnancy: Heavy In Utero Alcohol Exposure Disrupts the Normal Processes of Brain Development
Creators: name: Kan, E.
name: Abaryan, Z.
name: Riley, E. P.
name: May, P. A.
name: Lebel, C.
name: Bookheimer, S. Y.
name: Jones, K. L.
name: O'Connor, M. J.
name: Narr, K. L.
name: Mattson, S. N.
name: Adnams, C. M.
name: Sowell, E. R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Exposure to alcohol in utero can cause birth defects including face and brain abnormalities, and is the most common preventable cause of intellectual disabilities. Here we use structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to measure cortical volume change longitudinally in a cohort of human children and youth with prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) and a group of unexposed control subjects, demonstrating that the normal processes of brain maturation are disrupted in individuals whose mothers drank heavily during pregnancy. Trajectories of cortical volume change within children and youth with PAE differed from those of unexposed control subjects in posterior brain regions, particularly in the parietal cortex. In these areas, control children appear to show a particularly plastic cortex with a prolonged pattern of cortical volume increases followed by equally vigorous volume loss during adolescence, while the alcohol-exposed participants showed primarily volume loss, demonstrating decreased plasticity. Furthermore, smaller volume changes between scans were associated with lower intelligence and worse facial morphology in both groups, and were related to the amount of PAE during each trimester of pregnancy in the exposed group. This demonstrates that measures of IQ and facial dysmorphology predict, to some degree, the structural brain development that occurs in subsequent years. These results are encouraging in that interventions aimed at altering “experience” over time may improve brain trajectories in individuals with heavy PAE, and possibly other neurodevelopmental disorders.
Solvable Relativistic Hydrogenlike System in Supersymmetric Yang-Mills Theory
Creators: name: Caron-Huot, Simon
name: Henn, Johannes M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The classical Kepler problem, as well as its quantum mechanical version, the Hydrogen atom, enjoy a well-known hidden symmetry, the conservation of the Laplace-Runge-Lenz vector, which makes these problems superintegrable. Is there a relativistic quantum field theory extension that preserves this symmetry? In this Letter we show that the answer is positive: in the non-relativistic limit, we identify the dual conformal symmetry of planar $\mathcal{N}=4$ super Yang-Mills with the well-known symmetries of the Hydrogen atom. We point out that the dual conformal symmetry offers a novel way to compute the spectrum of bound states of massive $W$ bosons in the theory. We perform nontrivial tests of this setup at weak and strong coupling, and comment on the possible extension to arbitrary values of the coupling.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures. Clarifications added; published version
Observation of a uniaxial ferroelectric smectic A phase
Creators: name: Chen, Xi
name: Martinez, Vikina
name: Nacke, Pierre
name: Korblova, Eva
name: Manabe, Atsutaka
name: Klasen-Memmer, Melanie
name: Freychet, Guillaume
name: Zhernenkov, Mikhail
name: Glaser, Matthew A.
name: Radzihovsky, Leo
name: Maclennan, Joseph E.
name: Walba, David M.
name: Bremer, Matthias
name: Giesselmann, Frank
name: Clark, Noel A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the smectic $A_F$, a new liquid crystal phase of the ferroelectric nematic realm. The smectic $A_F$ is a phase of small polar, rod-shaped molecules which form two-dimensional fluid layers spaced by approximately the mean molecular length. The phase is uniaxial, with the molecular director, the local average long-axis orientation, normal to the layer planes, and ferroelectric, with a spontaneous electric polarization parallel to the director. Polarization measurements indicate almost complete polar ordering of the $\sim 10$ Debye longitudinal molecular dipoles, and hysteretic polarization reversal with a coercive field of about $2 \times 10^5$ V/m is observed. The smectic $A_F$ phase appears upon cooling in two binary mixtures of partially fluorinated mesogens: 2N/DIO, exhibiting a nematic ($N$) -- smectic $Z_A$ (Sm$Z_A$) -- ferroelectric nematic ($N_F$) -- smectic $A_F$ (Sm$A_F$) phase sequence; and 7N/DIO, exhibiting an $N$ -- Sm$Z_A$ -- Sm$A_F$ phase sequence. The latter presents an opportunity to study a transition between two smectic phases having orthogonal systems of layers.
description: 26 pages, 6 figures
Corticotropin Releasing Factor Signaling in the Central Amygdala is Recruited during Binge-Like Ethanol Consumption in C57BL/6J Mice
Creators: name: Navarro, M.
name: Lowery-Gionta, E. G.
name: Rinker, J. A.
name: Thiele, T. E.
name: Pleil, K. E.
name: Cox, B. R.
name: Sprow, G. M.
name: Kash, T. L.
name: Li, C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: A well-established body of work indicates a crucial role for corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) in neurobiological responses associated with excessive dependence-like ethanol drinking in ethanol vapor exposed rodents. Recent evidence demonstrates a role for CRF in the modulation of binge-like ethanol consumption by non-dependent mice, a behavior which can precede ethanol dependence. The CRF circuitry that is engaged by binge-like ethanol exposure, however, is unknown. Using converging approaches, we provide evidence that, similar to ethanol vapor-induced increases in ethanol intake, CRF signaling in the central nucleus of the amygdala (CeA) is engaged during binge-like ethanol consumption by C57BL/6J mice. Specifically, we found that binge-like consumption of an ethanol solution (20% ethanol v/v) was attenuated by pretreatment with the CRF1R antagonists antalarmin, (4-ethyl-[2,5,6-trimethyl-7-(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-yl]amino-1-butanol (LWH-63), and NBI-27914 at doses (30 mg/kg, i.p.) that did not alter non-binge-like ethanol consumption. Binge-like ethanol consumption resulted in significant increases of CRF immunoreactivity in the CeA immediately following ethanol drinking and 18-24 h following ethanol removal and also blocked the ability of CRF to enhance GABAergic transmission in the CeA 18-24 h following ethanol removal. Pretreatment with bilateral injections of antalarmin (1 μg/ 0.5 μl per side) into the CeA, but not the adjacent basolateral amygdala (BLA), significantly attenuated binge-like ethanol consumption. These findings suggest that CRF signaling in the CeA is recruited during excessive ethanol intake, prior to the development of dependence. We hypothesize that plastic changes in CRF signaling develop with repeated binge-like drinking episodes, contributing to the transition to dependence.
The upgrade of the LHCb Vertex Locator
Creators: name: Bird, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The LHCb experiment is set for a significant upgrade, which will be ready for Run 3 of the LHC in 2020. This upgrade will allow LHCb to run at a significantly higher instantaneous luminosity and collect an integrated luminosity of $50\,\text{fb}^{-1}$ by the end of Run 4. In this process the Vertex locator (VELO) detector will be upgraded to a pixel-based silicon detector. The upgraded VELO will improve upon the current detector by being closer to the beam and having lower material modules with microchannel cooling and a thinner RF-foil. Simulations have shown that it will maintain its excellent performance, even after the radiation damage caused by collecting an integrated luminosity of $50\,\text{fb}^{-1}$.
description: Proceedings from PSD10 conference
Measurements of fiducial and differential cross sections for Higgs boson production in the diphoton decay channel at $\sqrt{s}=8$ TeV with ATLAS
Creators: name: ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Measurements of fiducial and differential cross sections are presented for Higgs boson production in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of $\sqrt{s}=8$ TeV. The analysis is performed in the $H \rightarrow γγ$ decay channel using 20.3 fb$^{-1}$ of data recorded by the ATLAS experiment at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. The signal is extracted using a fit to the diphoton invariant mass spectrum assuming that the width of the resonance is much smaller than the experimental resolution. The signal yields are corrected for the effects of detector inefficiency and resolution. The $pp\rightarrow H \rightarrow γγ$ fiducial cross section is measured to be $43.2 \pm 9.4 (stat) {}^{+3.2}_{-2.9} (syst) \pm 1.2 (lumi)$ fb for a Higgs boson of mass 125.4 GeV decaying to two isolated photons that have transverse momentum greater than 35% and 25% of the diphoton invariant mass and each with absolute pseudorapidity less than 2.37. Four additional fiducial cross sections and two cross-section limits are presented in phase space regions that test the theoretical modelling of different Higgs boson production mechanisms, or are sensitive to physics beyond the Standard Model. Differential cross sections are also presented, as a function of variables related to the diphoton kinematics and the jet activity produced in the Higgs boson events. The observed spectra are statistically limited but broadly in line with the theoretical expectations.
description: 3 pages plus cover page plus author list (67 pages total), 13 figures, 10 tables, submitted to JHEP, All figures including auxiliary figures are available at https://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/HIGG-2013-10/
Data augmentation for learning predictive models on EEG: a systematic comparison
Creators: name: Rommel, Cédric
name: Paillard, Joseph
name: Moreau, Thomas
name: Gramfort, Alexandre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Objective: The use of deep learning for electroencephalography (EEG) classification tasks has been rapidly growing in the last years, yet its application has been limited by the relatively small size of EEG datasets. Data augmentation, which consists in artificially increasing the size of the dataset during training, can be employed to alleviate this problem. While a few augmentation transformations for EEG data have been proposed in the literature, their positive impact on performance is often evaluated on a single dataset and compared to one or two competing augmentation methods. This work proposes to better validate the existing data augmentation approaches through a unified and exhaustive analysis. Approach: We compare quantitatively 13 different augmentations with two different predictive tasks, datasets and models, using three different types of experiments. Main results: We demonstrate that employing the adequate data augmentations can bring up to 45% accuracy improvements in low data regimes compared to the same model trained without any augmentation. Our experiments also show that there is no single best augmentation strategy, as the good augmentations differ on each task. Significance: Our results highlight the best data augmentations to consider for sleep stage classification and motor imagery brain-computer interfaces. More broadly, it demonstrates that EEG classification tasks benefit from adequate data augmentation
description: Accepted in Journal of Neural Engineering
Drosophila Neuroligin 2 is Required Presynaptically and Postsynaptically for Proper Synaptic Differentiation and Synaptic Transmission
Creators: name: Bellen, H. J.
name: Duraine, L.
name: Lin, Y. Q.
name: Chen, Y.-C.
name: Venken, K.
name: Banerjee, S.
name: Bhat, M. A.
name: Ismat, A.
name: Chen, K.
name: Li, J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Trans-synaptic adhesion between Neurexins and Neuroligins is thought to be required for proper synapse organization and modulation, and mutations in several human NEUROLIGINS have shown association with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Here we report the generation and phenotypic characterization of Drosophila neuroligin 2 (dnlg2) mutants. Loss of dnlg2 results in reduced bouton numbers, aberrant pre- and post-synaptic development at neuromuscular junctions (NMJs), and impaired synaptic transmission. In dnlg2 mutants, the evoked responses are decreased in amplitude, whereas the total active zone numbers at the NMJ are comparable to wild type, suggesting a decrease in the release probability. Ultrastructurally, the presynaptic active zone number per bouton area and the postsynaptic density area are both increased in dnlg2 mutants, whereas the subsynaptic reticulum (SSR) is reduced in volume. We show that both pre- and post-synaptic expression of Dnlg2 is required to restore synaptic growth and function in dnlg2 mutants. Post-synaptic expression of Dnlg2 in dnlg2 mutants and wild type leads to reduced bouton growth whereas pre- and post-synaptic overexpression in wild type animals results in synaptic overgrowth. Since Neuroligins have been shown to bind to Neurexins, we created double mutants. These mutants are viable and display phenotypes that closely resemble those of dnlg2 and dnrx single mutants. Our results provide compelling evidence that Dnlg2 functions both pre- and post-synaptically together with Neurexin to determine the proper number of boutons as well as the number of active zones and size of synaptic densities during the development of NMJs.
ПСИХОЛОГО-ПЕДАГОГИЧЕСКИЕ УСЛОВИЯ УСПЕШНОЙ АДАПТАЦИИ ПЕРВОКЛАССНИКОВ К ШКОЛЬНОМУ ОБУЧЕНИЮ
Creators: name: Бекметова, Дильноза
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Статья посвящена актуальным вопросам адаптации первоклассников к новым условиям. Рассмотрены особенности проявления этого феномена в современной школе, выделены психолого-педагогические условия успешной адаптации первоклассников к школьному обучению; предлагаются рекомендации для псих ологов и педагогов, способствующие продуктивной адаптации к школе. Цель данного исследования заключается в теоретическом обосновании психолого-педагогических условий, обеспечивающих успешную адаптацию первоклассников к школе. Объектом является процесс адаптации первоклассников к обучению в школе. Предметом является психолого-педагогические условия, способствующие успешной адаптации первоклассников к школе.
Improved sphaleron decoupling condition and the Higgs coupling constants in the real singlet-extended SM
Creators: name: Fuyuto, Kaori
name: Senaha, Eibun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We improve the sphaleron decoupling condition in the real singlet-extended standard model. The sphaleron energy is obtained using the finite temperature one-loop effective potential with daisy resummation. For moderate values of the model parameters, the sphaleron decoupling condition is found to be $v_C/T_C>(1.1-1.2)$, where $T_C$ denotes a critical temperature and $v_C$ is the corresponding vacuum expectation value of the doublet Higgs field at $T_C$. We also investigate the deviation of the triple Higgs boson coupling from its standard model value in the region where the improved sphaleron decoupling condition is satisfied. As a result of the improvement, the deviation of the triple Higgs boson coupling gets more enhanced. In a typical case, if the Higgs couplings to the gauge bosons/fermions deviate from the SM values by about 3 (10)%, the deviation of the triple Higgs boson coupling can be as large as about 16 (50)%, which is about 4 (8)% larger than that based on the conventional criterion $v_C/T_C>1$.
description: 25 pages, 11 figures
Localization of PDZD7 to the Stereocilia Ankle-Link Associates this Scaffolding Protein with the Usher Syndrome Protein Network
Creators: name: Gillespie, P. G.
name: Weston, M. D.
name: Shin, J.-B.
name: Kachar, B.
name: Green, J.
name: Bhat, M. A.
name: Grati, M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Usher syndrome is the leading cause of genetic deaf-blindness. Monoallelic mutations in PDZD7 increase the severity of Usher type II syndrome caused by mutations in USH2A and GPR98, which respectively encode usherin and GPR98. PDZ domain-containing 7 protein (PDZD7) is a paralog of the scaffolding proteins harmonin and whirlin, which are implicated in Usher type 1 and type 2 syndromes. While usherin and GPR98 have been reported to form hair cell stereocilia ankle-links, harmonin localizes to the stereocilia upper tip-link density and whirlin localizes to both tip and ankle-link regions. Here, we used mass spectrometry to show that PDZD7 is expressed in chick stereocilia at a comparable molecular abundance to GPR98. We also show by immunofluorescence and by overexpression of tagged proteins in rat and mouse hair cells that PDZD7 localizes to the ankle-link region, overlapping with usherin, whirlin, and GPR98. Finally, we show in LLC-PK1 cells that cytosolic domains of usherin and GPR98 can bind to both whirlin and PDZD7. These observations are consistent with PDZD7 being a modifier and candidate gene for USH2, and suggest that PDZD7 is a second scaffolding component of the ankle-link complex.
rSHG: Re-scan Second Harmonic Generation Microscopy
Creators: name: Stanciu, Stefan G.
name: Hristu, Radu
name: Stanciu, George A.
name: Tranca, Denis E.
name: Eftimie, Lucian
name: Dumitru, Adrian
name: Costache, Mariana
name: Stenmark, Harald A.
name: Manders, Harm
name: Cherian, Amit
name: Tark-Dame, Mariliis
name: Manders, Erik M. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Second Harmonic Generation Microscopy (SHG) is generally acknowledged as a powerful tool for the label-free 3D visualization of tissues and advanced materials, with one of its most popular applications being collagen imaging. Although the great need, progress in super-resolved SHG imaging lags behind the developments reported over the past years in fluorescence-based optical nanoscopy. In this work, we quantitatively show on collagenous tissues that by combining SHG imaging with re-scan microscopy resolutions that surpass the diffraction limit with ~1.4x become available. Besides Re-scan Second Harmonic Generation Microscopy (rSHG), we demonstrate as well super-resolved Re-scan Two-Photon Excited Fluorescence Microscopy (rTPEF). These two techniques are implemented by modifying a Re-scan Confocal Microscope (RCM), retaining its initial function, resulting thus in a multimodal rSHG/rTPEF/RCM system. Given the simplicity and flexibility of re-scan microscopy, we consider that the reported results are likely to augment the number and nature of applications relying on super-resolved non-linear optical imaging.
Möbius Photogrammetry
Creators: name: Gallet, Matteo
name: Nawratil, Georg
name: Schicho, Josef
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Motivated by results on the mobility of mechanical devices called pentapods, this paper deals with a mathematically freestanding problem, which we call Möbius Photogrammetry. Unlike traditional photogrammetry, which tries to recover a set of points in three-dimensional space from a finite set of central projection, we consider the problem of reconstructing a vector of points in $\mathbb{R}^3$ starting from its orthogonal parallel projections. Moreover, we assume that we have partial information about these projections, namely that we know them only up to Möbius transformations. The goal in this case is to understand to what extent we can reconstruct the starting set of points, and to prove that the result can be achieved if we allow some uncertainties in the answer. Eventually, the techniques developed in the paper allow us to show that for a pentapod with mobility at least two either some anchor points are collinear, or platform and base are similar, or they are planar and affine equivalent.
description: 17 pages, 4 figures. updated references and fixed typographical errors
Pinceau Organization in the Cerebellum Requires Distinct Functions of Neurofascin in Purkinje and Basket Neurons during Postnatal Development
Creators: name: Wallace, M. L.
name: Hansel, C.
name: Philpot, B. D.
name: Bhat, M. A.
name: Piochon, C.
name: Buttermore, E. D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Basket axon collaterals synapse onto the Purkinje soma/axon initial segment (AIS) area to form specialized structures, the pinceau, which are critical for normal cerebellar function. Mechanistic details of how the pinceau become organized during cerebellar development are poorly understood. Loss of cytoskeletal adaptor protein Ankyrin G (AnkG) results in mislocalization of the cell adhesion molecule Neurofascin (Nfasc) at the Purkinje AIS and abnormal organization of the pinceau. Loss of Nfasc in adult Purkinje neurons leads to slow disorganization of the Purkinje AIS and pinceau morphology. Here we utilized mouse conditional knockout techniques to show that selective loss of Nfasc specifically in Purkinje neurons during early development prevented maturation of the AIS and resulted in loss of Purkinje neuron spontaneous activity and pinceau disorganization. Loss of Nfasc in both Purkinje and basket neurons caused abnormal basket axon collateral branching and targeting to Purkinje soma/AIS, leading to extensive pinceau disorganization, Purkinje neuron degeneration and severe ataxia. Our studies reveal that the Purkinje Nfasc is required for AIS maturation and for maintaining stable contacts between basket axon terminals and the Purkinje AIS during pinceau organization, while the basket neuron Nfasc in combination with Purkinje Nfasc is required for proper basket axon collateral outgrowth and targeting to Purkinje soma/AIS. Thus, cerebellar pinceau organization requires coordinated mechanisms involving specific Nfasc functions in both Purkinje and basket neurons.
Intrinsic arrested nanoscale phase separation near a topological Lifshitz transition in strongly correlated two-band metals
Creators: name: Bianconi, Antonio
name: Poccia, Nicola
name: Sboychakov, A. O.
name: Rakhmanov, A. L.
name: Kugel, K. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The arrested nanoscale phase separation in a two-band Hubbard model for strongly correlated charge carriers is shown to occur in a particular range in vicinity of the topological Lifshitz transition, where the Fermi energy crosses the bottom of the narrow band and a new sheet of the Fermi surface related to the charge carriers of the second band comes into play. We determine the phase separation diagram of this two-band Hubbard model as a function of two variables, the charge carrier density and the energy shift between the chemical potential and the bottom of the second band. In this phase diagram, we first determine a line of quantum critical points for the Lifshitz transition and find criteria for the electronic phase separation resulting in an inhomogeneous charge distribution. Finally, we identify the critical point in presence of a variable long-range Coulomb interaction where the scale invariance of the coexisting phases with different charge densities appears. We argue that this point is relevant for the regime of scale invariance of the nanoscale phase separation in cuprates like it was first observed in La$_2$CuO$_{4.1}$.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures, RevTeX; accepted for publicaotiion in Superconductor Science and Technology; in version 2, the referees' comments are taken into account. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:0809.4219
Jet-induced star formation by a microquasar
Creators: name: Mirabel, I. F.
name: Chaty, S.
name: Rodriguez, L. F.
name: Sauvage, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Theoretical and observational work show that jets from AGN can trigger star formation. However, in the Milky Way the first -and so far- only clear case of relativistic jets inducing star formation has been found in the surroundings of the microquasar GRS 1915+105. Here we summarize the multiwavelength observations of two compact star formation IRAS sources axisymmetrically located and aligned with the position angle of the sub-arcsec relativistic jets from the stellar black hole binary GRS 1915+105 (Mirabel & Rodriguez 1994). The observations of these two star forming regions at centimeter (Rodriguez & Mirabel 1998), millimeter and infrared (Chaty et al. 2001) wavelengths had suggested -despite the large uncertainties in the distances a decade ago- that the jets from GRS 1915+105 are triggering along the radio jet axis the formation of massive stars in a radio lobe of bow shock structure. Recently, Reid et al.(2014) found that the jet source and the IRAS sources are at the same distance, enhancing the evidence for the physical association between the jets from GRS 1915+105 and star formation in the IRAS sources. We conclude that as jets from AGN, jets from microquasars can trigger the formation of massive stars, but at distances of a few tens of parsecs. Although star formation induced by microquasar jets may not be statistically significant in the Milky Way, jets from stellar black holes may have been important to trigger star formation during the re-ionization epoch of the universe (Mirabel et al. 2011). Because of the relative proximity of GRS 1915+105 and the associated star forming regions, they may serve as a nearby laboratory to gain insight into the physics of jet-trigger star formation elsewhere in the universe.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures. To appear in the Proceedings of the IAU Symposium No. 313: 'Extragalactic jets from every angle', Galapagos, Ecuador, 15-19 September 2014, F. Massaro, C. C. Cheung, E. Lopez, and A. Siemiginowska (Eds.), Cambridge University Press
Meat and interpersonal motives: The case of self-enhancement
Creators: name: Weiper, Maike
name: Vonk, Roos
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Social Psychology
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences

description: Meat eaters have a more hierarchical, less egalitarian view at the world than vegetarians. This can be manifested in social dominance orientation, at the intergroup level, but also at the interspecies level, yielding more empathy with nonhuman animals, and at the interpersonal level. We examined if interpersonal motives in human–human relationships and empathy with people are associated with frequency of meat eating, using a cross-sectional survey (N = 580). For the motives power and affiliation, no significant relationships emerged, but the self-enhancement motive was positively related to the number of days that participants ate meat. This predicted additional variance over and above variables at the intergroup and interspecies level, such as social dominance orientation and human-animal continuity. Empathy with people was negatively related to meat consumption, but this was explained by its correlation with empathy with animals. Discussion focuses on the importance of the self-enhancement motive in attachment to meat, the symbol of human superiority, as well as resistance to meat refusers.
title: Brief
Creators: name: Coates, Ken
Year: 2017

description: Handschriftliche Signatur des Autors. - Als Beilage 2 Blätter mit einem Aufruf zur europaweiten Zusammenarbeit gegen Arbeitslosigkeit.
description: Typoskript, 4 Blätter, 1 Beilage
การประเมินผลการดำเนินงานดูแลสุขภาพช่องปากผู้สูงอายุติดเตียง จังหวัดลำปาง
Creators: name: ลลนา ถาคำฟู
Publisher: name: สำนักทันตสาธารณสุข กรมอนามัย
Year: 2023
Subjects: การประเมินผล
การดูแลสุขภาพช่องปาก
ผู้สูงอายุติดเตียง

description: วิทยาสารทันตสาธารณสุข, 28, , 132-146
Axonal Translation of  -Catenin Regulates Synaptic Vesicle Dynamics
Creators: name: Tai, H.-C.
name: Schuman, E. M.
name: Wu, J.
name: Taylor, A. M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Many presynaptic transcripts have been observed in axons, yet their role in synapse development remains unknown. Using visually and pharmacologically isolated presynaptic terminals from dissociated rat hippocampal neurons, we found that ribosomes and β-catenin mRNA preferentially localize to recently formed boutons. Locally translated β-catenin accumulates at presynaptic terminals where it regulates synaptic vesicle release dynamics. Thus, local translation of β-catenin is a newly described mechanism for axons to independently functionalize nerve terminals at great distances from cellular somata.
Extending and validating bubble nucleation rate predictions in a Lennard-Jones fluid with enhanced sampling methods and transition state theory
Creators: name: Bal, Kristof M.
name: Neyts, Erik C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate bubble nucleation rates in a Lennard-Jones fluid through explicit molecular dynamics simulations. Our approach -- based on a recent free energy method (dubbed reweighted Jarzynski sampling), transition state theory, and a simple recrossing correction -- allows us to probe a fairly wide range of rates in several superheated and cavitation regimes in a consistent manner. Rate predictions from this approach bridge disparate independent literature studies on the same model system. As such, we find that rate predictions based on classical nucleation theory, direct brute force molecular dynamics simulations, and seeding are consistent with our approach and one another. Published rates derived from forward flux sampling simulations are, however, found to be outliers. This study serves two purposes. First, we validate the reliability of common modeling techniques and extrapolation approaches on a paradigmatic problem in materials science and chemical physics. Second, we further test our highly generic recipe for rate calculations, and establish its applicability to nucleation processes.
Multidimensional Digital Filters for Point-Target Detection in Cluttered Infrared Scenes
Creators: name: Kennedy, Hugh L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A 3-D spatiotemporal prediction-error filter (PEF), is used to enhance foreground/background contrast in (real and simulated) sensor image sequences. Relative velocity is utilized to extract point-targets that would otherwise be indistinguishable on spatial frequency alone. An optical-flow field is generated using local estimates of the 3-D autocorrelation function via the application of the fast Fourier transform (FFT) and inverse FFT. Velocity estimates are then used to tune in a background-whitening PEF that is matched to the motion and texture of the local background. Finite-impulse-response (FIR) filters are designed and implemented in the frequency domain. An analytical expression for the frequency response of velocity-tuned FIR filters, of odd or even dimension, with an arbitrary delay in each dimension, is derived.
description: Accepted version
Configurational entropy of generalized sine-Gordon-type models
Creators: name: Barreto, W.
name: Herrera-Aguilar, A.
name: da Rocha, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A family of deformed models of the sine-Gordon-type can be generated by twisting the sine-Gordon model. As a particular case, the 3-sine-Gordon model is here addressed, whose differential configurational entropy and the differential configurational complexity of three topological sectors are discussed, using two complementary approaches. Stability aspects are also discussed.
description: 30 pages, 23 figs