cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
On the cosmological evolution of alpha and mu and the dynamics of dark energy
Creators: name: Avelino, P. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the cosmological evolution of the fine structure constant, $α$, and the proton-to-electron mass ratio, $μ=m_p/m_e$, in the context of a generic class of models where the gauge kinetic function is a linear function of a quintessence-type real scalar field, $ϕ$, described by a Lagrangian with a standard kinetic term and a scalar field potential, $V(ϕ)$. We further assume that the scalar field potential is a monotonic function of $ϕ$ and that the scalar field is always rolling down the potential. We show that, for this class of models, low-redshift constrains on the evolution of $α$ and $μ$ can provide very stringent limits on the corresponding variations at high-redshift. We also demonstrate that these limits may be relaxed by considering more general models for the dynamics of $α$ and $μ$. However, in this case, the ability to reconstruct the evolution of the dark energy equation of state using varying couplings could be seriously compromised.
description: 5 pages
Clathrate hydrates as a sink of noble gases in Titan's atmosphere
Creators: name: Thomas, C.
name: Mousis, O.
name: Ballenegger, V.
name: Picaud, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use a statistical thermodynamic approach to determine the composition of clathrate hydrates which may form from a multiple compound gas whose composition is similar to that of Titan's atmosphere. Assuming that noble gases are initially present in this gas phase, we calculate the ratios of xenon, krypton and argon to species trapped in clathrate hydrates. We find that these ratios calculated for xenon and krypton are several orders of magnitude higher than in the coexisting gas at temperature and pressure conditions close to those of Titan's present atmosphere at ground level. Furthermore we show that, by contrast, argon is poorly trapped in these ices. This trapping mechanism implies that the gas-phase is progressively depleted in xenon and krypton when the coexisting clathrate hydrates form whereas the initial abundance of argon remains almost constant. Our results are thus compatible with the deficiency of Titan's atmosphere in xenon and krypton measured by the {\it Huygens} probe during its descent on January 14, 2005. However, in order to interpret the subsolar abundance of primordial Ar also revealed by {\it Huygens}, other processes that occurred either during the formation of Titan or during its evolution must be also invoked.
description: Astronomy & Astrophysics Letters, in press
The Localization Length of Stationary States in the Nonlinear Schreodinger Equation
Creators: name: Iomin, Alexander
name: Fishman, Shmuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For the nonlinear Schreodinger equation (NLSE), in presence of disorder, exponentially localized stationary states are found. In the present Letter it is demonstrated analytically that the localization length is typically independent of the strength of the nonlinearity and is identical to the one found for the corresponding linear equation. The analysis makes use of the correspondence between the stationary NLSE and the Langevin equation as well as of the resulting Fokker-Planck equation. The calculations are performed for the ``white noise'' random potential and an exact expression for the exponential growth of the eigenstates is obtained analytically. It is argued that the main conclusions are robust.
Kondo Stripes in an Anderson-Heisenberg Model of Heavy Fermion Systems
Creators: name: Zhu, Jian-Xin
name: Martin, I.
name: Bishop, A. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the interplay between the spin-liquid and Kondo physics, as related to the non-magnetic part of the phase diagram of heavy fermion materials. Within the unrestricted mean-field treatment of the infinite-$U$ 2D Anderson-Heisenberg model, we find that there are two topologically distinct non-degenerate uniform heavy Fermi liquid states that may form as a consequence of the Kondo coupling between spinons and conduction electrons. For certain carrier concentrations the uniform Fermi liquid becomes unstable with respect to formation of a new kind of anharmonic "Kondo stripe" state with inhomogeneous Kondo screening strength and the charge density modulation. These feature are experimentally measurable, and thus may help to establish the relevance of the spin-liquid correlations to heavy fermion materials.
description: 4+ pages, 5 figures
From frustrated insulators to correlated anisotropic metals: charge ordering and quantum criticality in coupled chain systems
Creators: name: Lal, Siddhartha
name: Laad, Mukul S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A recent study revealed the dynamics of the charge sector of a one-dimensional quarter-filled electronic system with extended Hubbard interactions to be that of an effective pseudospin transverse-field Ising model (TFIM) in the strong coupling limit. With the twin motivations of studying the co-existing charge and spin order found in strongly correlated chain systems and the effects of inter-chain couplings, we investigate the phase diagram of coupled effective (TFIM) systems. A bosonisation and RG analysis for a two-leg TFIM ladder yields a rich phase diagram showing Wigner/Peierls charge order and Neel/dimer spin order. In a broad parameter regime, the orbital antiferromagnetic phase is found to be stable. An intermediate gapless phase of finite width is found to lie in between two charge-ordered gapped phases. Kosterlitz-Thouless transitions are found to lead from the gapless phase to either of the charge-ordered phases. A detailed analysis is also carried out for the dimensional crossover physics when many such pseudospin systems are coupled to one another. Importantly, the analysis reveals the key role of critical quantum fluctuations in driving the strong dispersion in the transverse directions, as well as a T=0 deconfinement transition. Our work is potentially relevant for a unified description of a class of strongly correlated, quarter-filled chain and ladder systems.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures
First dust measurements with the Solar Orbiter Radio and Plasma Wave instrument
Creators: name: Zaslavsky, A.
name: Mann, I.
name: Soucek, J.
name: Czechowski, A.
name: Pisa, D.
name: Vaverka, J.
name: Meyer-Vernet, N.
name: Maksimovic, M.
name: Lorfèvre, E.
name: Issautier, K.
name: Babić, K. Racković
name: Bale, S. D.
name: Morooka, M.
name: Vecchio, A.
name: Chust, T.
name: Khotyaintsev, Y.
name: Krasnoselskikh, V.
name: Kretzschmar, M.
name: Plettemeier, D.
name: Steller, M.
name: Štverák, Š.
name: Trávníček, P.
name: Vaivads, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Impacts of dust grains on spacecraft are known to produce typical impulsive signals in the voltage waveform recorded at the terminals of electric antennas. Such signals are routinely detected by the Time Domain Sampler (TDS) system of the Radio and Plasma Waves (RPW) instrument aboard Solar Orbiter. We investigate the capabilities of RPW in terms of interplanetary dust studies and present the first analysis of dust impacts recorded by this instrument. We discuss previously developed models of voltage pulses generation after a dust impact onto a spacecraft and present the relevant technical parameters for Solar Orbiter RPW as a dust detector. Then we present the statistical analysis of the dust impacts recorded by RPW/TDS from April 20th, 2020 to February 27th, 2021 between 0.5 AU and 1 AU. The study shows that the dust population studied presents a radial velocity component directed outward from the Sun, the order of magnitude of which can be roughly estimated as $v_{r, dust} \simeq 50$ km.$s^{-1}$. This is consistent with the flux of impactors being dominated by $β$-meteoroids. We estimate the cumulative flux of these grains at 1 AU to be roughly $F_β\simeq 8\times 10^{-5} $ m$^{-2}$s$^{-1}$, for particles of radius $r \gtrsim 100$ nm. The power law index $δ$ of the cumulative mass flux of the impactors is evaluated by two differents methods (direct observations of voltage pulses and indirect effect on the impact rate dependency on the impact speed). Both methods give a result $δ\simeq 0.3-0.4$. Solar Orbiter RPW proves to be a suitable instrument for interplanetary dust studies. These first results are promising for the continuation of the mission, in particular for the in-situ study of the dust cloud outside the ecliptic plane, which Solar Orbiter will be the first spacecraft to explore.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures
Clear evasion of the uncertainty relation with very small probability
Creators: name: Fujikawa, Kazuo
name: Umetsu, Koichiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We entertain the idea that the uncertainty relation is not a principle, but rather it is a consequence of quantum mechanics. The uncertainty relation is then a probabilistic statement and can be clearly evaded in processes which occur with a very small probability in a tiny sector of the phase space. This clear evasion is typically realized when one utilizes indirect measurements, and some examples of the clear evasion appear in the system with entanglement though the entanglement by itself is not essential for the evasion. The standard Kennard's relation and its interpretation remain intact in our analysis. As an explicit example, we show that the clear evasion of the uncertainty relation for coordinate and momentum in the diffraction process discussed by Ballentine is realized in a tiny sector of the phase space with a very small probability. We also examine the uncertainty relation for a two-spin system with the EPR entanglement and show that no clear evasion takes place in this system with the finite discrete degrees of freedom.
description: 21 pages and 1 figure. The title has been changed. The presentation of the entire manuscript has been modified and expanded. This revised version is to appear in the November issue of Progress of Theoretical Physics
MOESM1 of First-in-human phase I study of BPI-9016M, a dual MET/Axl inhibitor, in patients with non-small cell lung cancer
Creators: name: Hu, Xingsheng
name: Zheng, Xin
name: Yang, Sheng
name: Wang, Lin
name: Hao, Xuezhi
name: Cui, Xinge
name: Ding, Lieming
name: Mao, Li
name: Hu, Pei
name: Shi, Yuankai
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Exclusion and inclusion criteria
Enhancement Programming Skills and Transforming Knowledge of Programming through Neuroeducation Approaches
Creators: name: Doukakis, Spyridon
name: Vlamos, Panagiotis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Programming digital devices and developing software is an important professional qualification, which contributes to employment opportunities. Despite this fact, there is a remarkable shortage in suitable human resources. In this context, research studies focus on issues of programming didactic, teaching models, programming paradigms, which are meant to enhance and optimize programmers' skills. Recent development of brain imaging techniques such as electroencephalography and the functional magnetic resonance imaging, have provided additional opportunity for neuroscientists to explore the functional organization of the human brain. With the use of these techniques, this research is an approach to supporting learning in the field of learning and teaching computer programming. On one hand, there is an attempt to connect theoretical neurosciences with cognitive science; on the other hand, the obtained research data will contribute to the identification of practices that can be applied to formal and informal programming education.
description: 6 pages
Suppression of mid-circuit measurement crosstalk errors with micromotion
Creators: name: Gaebler, J. P.
name: Baldwin, C. H.
name: Moses, S. A.
name: Dreiling, J. M.
name: Figgatt, C.
name: Foss-Feig, M.
name: Hayes, D.
name: Pino, J. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Mid-circuit measurement and reset are crucial primitives in quantum computation, but such operations require strong interactions with selected qubits while maintaining isolation of neighboring qubits, which is a significant challenge in many systems. For trapped ion systems, measurement is performed with laser-induced fluorescence. Stray light from the detection beam and fluorescence from the measured ions can be significant sources of decoherence for unmeasured qubits. We present a technique using ion micromotion to reduce these sources of decoherence by over an order of magnitude. We benchmark the performance with a new method, based on randomized benchmarking, to estimate the magnitude of crosstalk errors on nearby qubits. Using the Honeywell System Model H0, we demonstrate measurement and reset on select qubits with low crosstalk errors on neighboring qubits.
description: 13 pages, 7 figures
A Spatio-temporal Attention-based Model for Infant Movement Assessment from Videos
Creators: name: Nguyen-Thai, Binh
name: Le, Vuong
name: Morgan, Catherine
name: Badawi, Nadia
name: Tran, Truyen
name: Venkatesh, Svetha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The absence or abnormality of fidgety movements of joints or limbs is strongly indicative of cerebral palsy in infants. Developing computer-based methods for assessing infant movements in videos is pivotal for improved cerebral palsy screening. Most existing methods use appearance-based features and are thus sensitive to strong but irrelevant signals caused by background clutter or a moving camera. Moreover, these features are computed over the whole frame, thus they measure gross whole body movements rather than specific joint/limb motion. Addressing these challenges, we develop and validate a new method for fidgety movement assessment from consumer-grade videos using human poses extracted from short clips. Human poses capture only relevant motion profiles of joints and limbs and are thus free from irrelevant appearance artifacts. The dynamics and coordination between joints are modeled using spatio-temporal graph convolutional networks. Frames and body parts that contain discriminative information about fidgety movements are selected through a spatio-temporal attention mechanism. We validate the proposed model on the cerebral palsy screening task using a real-life consumer-grade video dataset collected at an Australian hospital through the Cerebral Palsy Alliance, Australia. Our experiments show that the proposed method achieves the ROC-AUC score of 81.87%, significantly outperforming existing competing methods with better interpretability.
description: Accepted by IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics (JBHI)
Conformal S-dualities from O-planes
Creators: name: Amariti, Antonio
name: Fazzi, Marco
name: Rota, Simone
name: Segati, Alessia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study 4d SCFTs obtained by orientifold projections on necklace quivers with fractional branes. The models obtained by this procedure are $\mathcal{N}=1$ linear quivers with unitary, symplectic and orthogonal gauge groups, bifundamental and tensorial matter. Remarkably, models that are not dual in the unoriented case can have the same central charges and superconformal index after the projection. The reason for this behavior rests upon the ubiquitous presence of adjoint fields with R-charge one. We claim that the presence of such fields is at the origin of the notion of inherited S-duality on the models' conformal manifold.
description: 39 pages (1 landscape), 13 figures, 8 tables; v2: typos fixed; v3: citations added, version published in JHEP
Rational algebraic K-theory of topological K-theory
Creators: name: Ausoni, Christian
name: Rognes, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: K-Theory and Homology (math.KT)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 19D55; 55N99

description: We show that after rationalization there is a homotopy fiber sequence BBU -> K(ku) -> K(Z). We interpret this as a correspondence between the virtual 2-vector bundles over a space X and their associated anomaly bundles over the free loop space LX. We also rationally compute K(KU) by using the localization sequence, and K(MU) by a method that applies to all connective S-algebras.
description: 22 pages
Group 4 diene complexes stabilized by phosphine donors
Creators: name: Haddad, Timothy S.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The synthesis of eight fluxional, diamagnetic group 4 complexes MR'(C₄H₆)[N(SiMe₂CH₂PR₂)₂] (M = Hf, Zr; R' = Ph, CH₂CMe₃; R = Me) and (M = Hf, Zr, R' = Cl; R = Me, CHMe₂ has been achieved. The X-ray crystallographic results of two of these complexes (M = Hf, Zr; R' = Ph; R = Me) indicate that the bonding of the diene unit has a significantly higher degree of ƞ⁴-π character than is present in Cp₂M(diene) (M = Hf, Zr) complexes, and therefore the M(II) resonance structure has more contribution to the overall bonding scheme. Consistent with all the NMR data available is that these complexes maintain a meridional coordination of the tridentate amide-phosphine ligand both in solution and in the solid state. The observed fluxional process is best described as diene rotation. Two of the diene complexes (M = Hf; R' = Cl; R = Me, CHMe₂ were found to react with allylmagnesium chloride and subsequently undergo a unique C-C bond forming reaction and rearrangement to generate two new non-fluxional diene complexes Hf [(ƞ⁴-CH₂CHCHCH)CH₂CH₂CH₂][N(SiMe₂CH₂PR₂)₂] (R = Me or CHMe₂). The latter of these two complexes has been crystallographically characterized.
Parity Partner Bands in $^{163}$Lu: A novel approach for describing the negative parity states from a triaxial super-deformed band
Creators: name: Poenaru, R.
name: Raduta, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: J.2

description: The wobbling spectrum of $^{163}$Lu is described through a novel approach, starting from a triaxial rotor model within a semi-classical picture, and obtaining a new set of equations for all four rotational bands that have wobbling character. Redefining the band structure in the present model is done by adopting the concepts of Signature Partner Bands and Parity Partner Bands. Indeed, describing a wobbling spectrum in an even-odd nucleus through signature and parity quantum numbers is an inedited interpretation of the triaxial super-deformed bands.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
Free-parafermionic $Z(N)$ and free-fermionic $XY$ quantum chains
Creators: name: Alcaraz, Francisco C.
name: Pimenta, Rodrigo A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The relationship between the eigenspectrum of Ising and XY quantum chains is well known. Although the Ising model has a $Z(2)$ symmetry and the XY model a $U(1)$ symmetry, both models are described in terms of free-fermionic quasi-particles. The fermionic quasi-energies are obtained by means of a Jordan-Wigner transformation. On the other hand, there exist in the literature a huge family of $Z(N)$ quantum chains whose eigenspectra, for $N>2$, are given in terms of free parafermions and they are not derived from the standard Jordan-Wigner transformation. The first members of this family are the $Z(N)$ free-parafermionic Baxter quantum chains. In this paper we introduce a family of XY models that beyond two-body also have $N$-multispin interactions. Similarly to the standard XY model they have a $U(1)$ symmetry and are also solved by the Jordan-Wigner transformation. We show that with appropriate choices of the $N$-multispin couplings, the eigenspectra of these XY models are given in terms of combinations of $Z(N)$ free-parafermionic quasi-energies. In particular all the eigenenergies of the $Z(N)$ free-parafermionic models are also present in the related free-fermionic XY models. The correspondence is established via the identification of the characteristic polynomial which fixes the eigenspectrum. In the $Z(N)$ free-parafermionic models the quasi-energies obey an exclusion circle principle that is not present in the related $N$-multispin XY models.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures, 1 table. v2: eq(31) corrected. v3: published version
Finite frames, frame potentials and determinantal point processes on the sphere
Creators: name: Hirao, Masatake
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60G55, 11K38

description: Herein, we address the expectations of frame potentials of three types of determinantal point processes(DPPs) on the d-dimensional unit sphere: (i) spherical ensembles on the 2-dimensional unit sphere; (ii) harmonic ensembles on the d-dimensional unit sphere and (iii) jittered sampling point processes on the d-dimensional unit sphere. The random point configurations generated by such DPPs converge more rapidly towards finite unit norm tight frames(FUNTFs) than the Poisson point processes on the unit sphere.
« Des dieux qui jouent : polémiques religieuses autour du fr. 52 D.-K. d'Héraclite dans l'Empire romain », in D. Bouvier and V. Dasen (eds), Héraclite : Le temps est un enfant qui joue, Collection Jeu/ Play/Spiel 1, Liège, Presses Universitaires de Liège, 2020, p. 27-46.
Creators: name: Massa, Francesco
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: The article aims to explore the use of Heraclitus’ fr. 52 D.-K. in Late antique
 religious competition between pagans and Christians. The article starts by discussing a text by Lucian of Samosata which shows the controversies about this fragment in Roman era. The quotation of the heraclitean fragment is then contextualized as part of a heresiological treatise from the beginning of the third century AD, where the author of the Elenchos aims to show that the origins of the Noetus’ heresy belong more to Heraclitus’ doctrines than Christ’s teachings. The article then analyses the relationship between play and childhood in the Paedagogus by Clement of Alexandria, which quotes the heraclitean fragment. Whereas the author of the Elenchos uses the heraclitean fragments to discredit a Christian group headed by Roman bishops Zephyrinus and Callixtus, Clement highlights the similarity between the biblical god and the god of Heraclitus. Ultimately, the article shows how the fr. 52 D.-K. becomes a tool in the religious rivalries of the third and fourth century AD.
Diamagnetism in disordered graphene
Creators: name: Koshino, Mikito
name: Ando, Tsuneya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The orbital magnetism is studied in graphene monolayer within the effective mass approximation. In models of short-range and long-range disorder, the magnetization is calculated with self-consistent Born approximation. In the zero-field limit, the susceptibility becomes highly diamagnetic around zero energy, while it has a long tail proportional to the inverse of the Fermi energy. We demonstrated how the magnetic oscillation vanishes and converges to the susceptibility, on going from a strong-field regime to zero-field. The behavior at zero energy is shown to be highly singular.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures, to appear in Physical Review B
X-ray Variability of the Seyfert 1 Markarian 335: Power Spectrum and Time Lags
Creators: name: Arevalo, P.
name: McHardy, I. M.
name: Summons, D. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To investigate further the comparison between AGN and black hole X-ray binaries, we have studied the main X-ray variability properties of the Seyfert 1 Galaxy Markarian 335. We put particular emphasis on the X-ray time lags, which is a potentially important diagnostic of physical models. From a 100 ksec observation by XMM-Newton we show that the power spectrum of this source is well fitted by a bending power law model, and the bend time-scale Tb is precisely at the value predicted by the Tb vs Hbeta line-width relation of McHardy et al. Variations in different energy bands show time-scale dependent time lags, where higher energy bands lag lower ones. The lag, tau, varies as a function of the Fourier frequency, f, of the variability component in the light curves as tau propto 1/f at low frequencies, but there is a sharp cut-off in the lags at a frequency close to the bend frequency in the power spectrum. Similar behaviour is seen in black hole X-ray binary systems. The length of the time lags increases continuously with energy separation, in an almost log-linear relation. We show that the lag spectra can be produced by fluctuations propagating through the accretion flow as long as the energy spectrum of the X-ray emitting region hardens towards the centre.
description: accepted for publication in MNRAS
« "Ne passez pas votre vie a faire l'enfant" ! Humour et causticité dans le fragment D.-K. B 52 », in D. Bouvier and V. Dasen (eds), Héraclite : Le temps est un enfant qui joue, Collection Jeu/ Play/Spiel 1, Liège, Presses Universitaires de Liège, 2020, p. 159-169.
Creators: name: Destrée, Pierre
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: I propose to read fragment 52 D.-K. as a humorous invective to the polloi, i.e. the mass of the people that Heraclitus tries to persuade to turn to philosophy.
Next-Generation Sequencing-Based Mutations Scanning Strategy of the BCR-ABL Kinase Domain in Patients with PhiladelPhia-Chromosome Positive Leukemias Treated with Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors
Creators: name: De Benedittis, Caterina <1983>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2015
Subjects: MED/15 Malattie del sangue

description: In chronic myeloid leukemia and Philadelphia-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients resistant to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), BCR-ABL kinase domain mutation status is an essential component of the therapeutic decision algorithm. The recent development of Ultra-Deep Sequencing approach (UDS) has opened the way to a more accurate characterization of the mutant clones surviving TKIs conjugating assay sensitivity and throughput. We decided to set-up and validated an UDS-based for BCR-ABL KD mutation screening in order to i) resolve qualitatively and quantitatively the complexity and the clonal structure of mutated populations surviving TKIs, ii) study the dynamic of expansion of mutated clones in relation to TKIs therapy, iii) assess whether UDS may allow more sensitive detection of emerging clones, harboring critical 2GTKIs-resistant mutations predicting for an impending relapse, earlier than SS. UDS was performed on a Roche GS Junior instrument, according to an amplicon sequencing design and protocol set up and validated in the framework of the IRON-II (Interlaboratory Robustness of Next-Generation Sequencing) International consortium.Samples from CML and Ph+ ALL patients who had developed resistance to one or multiple TKIs and collected at regular time-points during treatment were selected for this study. Our results indicate the technical feasibility, accuracy and robustness of our UDS-based BCR-ABL KD mutation screening approach. UDS was found to provide a more accurate picture of BCR-ABL KD mutation status, both in terms of presence/absence of mutations and in terms of clonal complexity and showed that BCR-ABL KD mutations detected by SS are only the “tip of iceberg”. In addition UDS may reliably pick 2GTKIs-resistant mutations earlier than SS in a significantly greater proportion of patients.The enhanced sensitivity as well as the possibility to identify low level mutations point the UDS-based approach as an ideal alternative to conventional sequencing for BCR-ABL KD mutation screening in TKIs-resistant Ph+ leukemia patients
Dynamic elastic properties and magnetic susceptibility across the austenite-martensite transformation in site-disordered ferromagnetic Ni-Fe-Al alloy
Creators: name: Mukhopadhyay, P. K.
name: Kaul, S. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Besides permitting an accurate determination of the ferromagnetic-to-paramagnetic phase transition temperature and the characteristic temperatures for the beginning and end of the growth of martensite (austenite) phase at the expense of austenite (martensite) phase while cooling (heating), the results of an extensive ac susceptibility, sound velocity and internal friction investigation of the thermoelastic martensitic transformation in melt-quenched (site-disordered) Ni55Fe20Al25 alloy provide a clear experimental evidence for the following. Irreversible thermoelastic changes (thermal hysteresis) occur in the austenite phase in the premartensitic regime. In the heating cycle, the system retains the "memory" of the initiation and subsequent growth of the martensitic phase (at the expense of the parent austenite phase) that had taken place during the cooling cycle in the austenite-martensite phase coexistence region. We report and discuss these novel findings in this communication.
description: 5 figures
Actinide crystallization and fission reactions in cooling white dwarf stars
Creators: name: Horowitz, C. J.
name: Caplan, M. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The first solids that form as a cooling white dwarf (WD) starts to crystallize are expected to be greatly enriched in actinides. This is because the melting points of WD matter scale as $Z^{5/3}$ and actinides have the largest charge $Z$. We estimate that the solids may be so enriched in actinides that they could support a fission chain reaction. This reaction could ignite carbon burning and lead to the explosion of an isolated WD in a thermonuclear supernova (SN Ia). Our mechanism could potentially explain SN Ia with sub-Chandrasekhar ejecta masses and short delay times.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures total including Appendix, Phys. Rev. Let. in press
Secondary metabolites from selected British Columbian marine organisms
Creators: name: Tischler, Mark
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The two purine alkaloids, phidolopin (36) and desmethylphidolopin (37), originally isolated from Phidolopora pacifica, were synthesized in order to produce sufficient quantities of the natural products for extended biological and pharmacological screening and to confirm the previous structural assignment of 37 which was based on spectral data. Various combinations of phidolopin (36), desmethylphidolopin (37), 4-hydroxymethyl-2-nitrophenol (38) and 4-methoxymethyl-2-nitrophenol (39) were isolated from four different species of bryozoans, Diaperoecia californica, Heteropora alaskensis, Tricellaria ternata and Hippodiplosia insculpta. A dietary origin is suggested for these metabolites. The red sponge, Anthoarcuata graceae yielded six novel steroids including the ∆⁴-3,6-diketosteroids 116, 117, the A-nor steroids anthosterone A (118) and anthosterone B (119) as well as two diosphenol containing steroids, 120 and 121. The proposed structures were based on a combination of spectral analysis, chemical interconversions, synthesis, and single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis.
The orbifold transform and its applications
Creators: name: Bantay, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We discuss the notion of the orbifold transform, and illustrate it on simple examples. The basic properties of the transform are presented, including transitivity and the exponential formula for symmetric products. The connection with the theory of permutation orbifolds is addressed, and the general results illustrated on the example of torus partition functions.
Mixed supervision for surface-defect detection: from weakly to fully supervised learning
Creators: name: Božič, Jakob
name: Tabernik, Domen
name: Skočaj, Danijel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Deep-learning methods have recently started being employed for addressing surface-defect detection problems in industrial quality control. However, with a large amount of data needed for learning, often requiring high-precision labels, many industrial problems cannot be easily solved, or the cost of the solutions would significantly increase due to the annotation requirements. In this work, we relax heavy requirements of fully supervised learning methods and reduce the need for highly detailed annotations. By proposing a deep-learning architecture, we explore the use of annotations of different details ranging from weak (image-level) labels through mixed supervision to full (pixel-level) annotations on the task of surface-defect detection. The proposed end-to-end architecture is composed of two sub-networks yielding defect segmentation and classification results. The proposed method is evaluated on several datasets for industrial quality inspection: KolektorSDD, DAGM and Severstal Steel Defect. We also present a new dataset termed KolektorSDD2 with over 3000 images containing several types of defects, obtained while addressing a real-world industrial problem. We demonstrate state-of-the-art results on all four datasets. The proposed method outperforms all related approaches in fully supervised settings and also outperforms weakly-supervised methods when only image-level labels are available. We also show that mixed supervision with only a handful of fully annotated samples added to weakly labelled training images can result in performance comparable to the fully supervised model's performance but at a significantly lower annotation cost.
description: Accepted for publication in Computers in Industry
Near-Infrared Constraints on the Presence of Warm Dust at Metal-Rich, Helium Atmosphere White Dwarfs
Creators: name: Kilic, Mukremin
name: Farihi, J.
name: Nitta, Atsuko
name: Leggett, S. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Here, we present near-infrared spectroscopic observations of 15 helium atmosphere, metal-rich white dwarfs obtained at the NASA Infrared Telescope Facility. While a connection has been demonstrated between the most highly polluted, hydrogen atmosphere white dwarfs and the presence of warm circumstellar dust and gas, their frequency at the helium atmosphere variety is poorly constrained. None of our targets show excess near-infrared radiation consistent with warm orbiting material. Adding these near-infrared constraints to previous near- and mid-infrared observations, the frequency of warm circumstellar material at metal-bearing white dwarfs is at least 20% for hydrogen-dominated photospheres, but could be less than 5% for those effectively composed of helium alone. The lower occurrence of dust disks around helium atmosphere white dwarfs is consistent with Myr timescales for photospheric metals in massive convection zones. Analyzing the mass distribution of 10 white dwarfs with warm circumstellar material, we search for similar trends between the frequency of disks and the predicted frequency of massive planets around intermediate mass stars, but find the probability that disk-bearing white dwarfs are more massive than average is not significant.
description: AJ, in press
Negative electric field dependence of mobility in TPD doped Polystyrene
Creators: name: Mohan, S. Raj
name: Joshi, M. P.
name: Singh, Manoranjan P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A total negative field dependence of hole mobility down to low temperature was observed in N,N'-diphenyl-N,N'-bis(3-methylphenyl)-(1,1'-biphenyl)-4,4'diamine (TPD) doped in Polystyrene. The observed field dependence of mobility is explained on the basis of low values of energetic and positional disorder present in the sample. The low value of disorder is attributed to different morphology of the sample due to aggregation/crystallization of TPD. Monte Carlo simulations were also performed to understand the influence of aggregates on charge transport in disordered medium with correlated site energies. The simulation supports our experimental observations and justification on the basis of low values of disorder parameters.
description: 20 pages, 6 figures
TESS-Keck Survey IX: Masses of Three Sub-Neptunes Orbiting HD 191939 and the Discovery of a Warm Jovian Plus a Distant Sub-Stellar Companion
Creators: name: Lubin, Jack
name: Van Zandt, Judah
name: Holcomb, Rae
name: Weiss, Lauren M.
name: Petigura, Erik A
name: Robertson, Paul
name: Murphy, Joseph M. Akana
name: Scarsdale, Nicholas
name: Batygin, Konstantin
name: Polanski, Alex S.
name: Batalha, Natalie M.
name: Crossfield, Ian J. M.
name: Dressing, Courtney
name: Fulton, Benjamin
name: Howard, Andrew W.
name: Huber, Daniel
name: Isaacson, Howard
name: Kane, Stephen R.
name: Roy, Arpita
name: Beard, Corey
name: Blunt, Sarah
name: Chontos, Ashley
name: Dai, Fei
name: Dalba, Paul A.
name: Gary, Kaz
name: Giacalone, Steven
name: Hill, Michelle L.
name: Mayo, Andrew
name: Mocnik, Teo
name: Kosiarek, Molly R.
name: Rice, Malena
name: Rubenzahl, Ryan A.
name: Latham, David W.
name: Seager, S.
name: Winn, Joshua N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Exoplanet systems with multiple transiting planets are natural laboratories for testing planetary astrophysics. One such system is HD 191939 (TOI-1339), a bright (V=9) and Sun-like (G9V) star, which TESS found to host three transiting planets (b, c, and d). The planets have periods of 9, 29, and 38 days each with similar sizes from 3 to 3.4 $R_{\oplus}$. To further characterize the system, we measured the radial velocity (RV) of HD 191939 over 415 days with Keck/HIRES and APF/Levy. We find that $M_b = 10.4 \pm 0.9 M_{\oplus}$ and $M_c = 7.2 \pm 1.4 M_{\oplus}$, which are low compared to most known planets of comparable radii. The RVs yield only an upper-limit on $M_d$ (<5.8 $M_{\oplus}$ at 2$σ$). The RVs further reveal a fourth planet (e) with a minimum mass of $0.34 \pm 0.01 M_{Jup}$ and an orbital period of 101.4 $\pm$ 0.4 days. Despite its non-transiting geometry, secular interactions between planet e and the inner transiting planets indicate that planet e is coplanar with the transiting planets ($Δ$i < 10$^{\circ}$). We identify a second high mass planet (f) with 95% confidence intervals on mass between $2-11 \, M_{Jup}$ and period between 1700-7200 days, based on a joint analysis of RVs and astrometry from $Gaia$ and $Hipparcos$. As a bright star hosting multiple planets with well-measured masses, HD 191939 presents many options for comparative planetary astronomy including characterization with JWST.
description: 20 pages, 10 figures. Accepted for publication in The Astronomical Journal
Motilità e criopreservazione di spermatozoi di organismi marini: applicazioni biotecnologiche in acquacoltura ed ambiente
Creators: name: Silvestri, Fausto
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2013

description: In most aquatic organisms, especially those that have external fertilization, sperm motility is a fundamental parameter for the success of fertilization. In fact the knowledge of sperm motility can be very useful in the aquaculture and ecotoxicological sectors improving breeding procedures,  cryopreservation protocols and spermiotoxicity assays. In this sense, this study aimed to: (1) obtain the basic knowledge on sperm motility of aquaculture marine organisms; (2) propose and optimize protocols for sperm cryopreservation; (3) propose and optimize ecotoxicological tests using cryopreservated sperm. For this we used the Mediterranean native organisms Mytilus galloprovincialis, Tapes decussatus, Paracentrotus lividus and Sparus aurata, the alien molluscs cultured in Italy Crassostrea gigas and Tapes philippinarum and the Brazilian native molluscs Perna perna, Crassostrea brasiliana, Crassostrea rhizophorae and Nodipecten nodosus. N. nodosus, M. galloprovincialis and T. decussatus showed the best performance in the general evaluation of physiological parameters of sperm motility. In general the method of sperm acquisition affected the performance of  sperm motility of the studied species. For some species, the stored sperm at low temperatures for a short period has proved viable after activation. The N. nodosus sperm showed good viability to cryopreservation through the addition of EG 7% for 10 minutes of adaptation at room temperature and freezing gradient of -6°C/min. A reduced sperm motility was observed after cryopreservation and thawing of P. lividus, P. perna and C. brasiliana. The ecotoxicological assay through S. Aurata cryopreserved sperm demonstrated a remarkable potential as an universal test in the evaluation of different aquatic ecosystems. The species M. galloprovincialis, T. decussatus and N. nodosus were considered as potentially useful with biological systems in spermiotoxicity tests.
Finite temperature effects in light scattering off Cooper-paired Fermi atoms
Creators: name: Deb, Bimalendu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study stimulated light scattering off a superfluid Fermi gas of atoms at finite temperature. We derive response function that takes into account vertex correction due to final state interactions; and analyze finite temperature effects on collective and quasiparticle excitations of a uniform superfluid Fermi gas. Light polarization is shown to play an important role in excitations. Our results suggest that it is possible to excite Bogoliubov-Anderson phonon at a large scattering length by light scattering.
description: 18 pages, 4 figures, Accepted in J. Phys. B: At. Mol. & Opt. Phys
Ramjet Acceleration of Microscopic Black Holes Within Stellar Material
Creators: name: Shubov, Mikhail
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we present a case that Microscopic Black Holes (MBH) of mass $10^{16}\ kg$ to $3 \cdot 10^{19}\ kg$ experience acceleration as they move within stellar material at low velocities. The accelerating forces are caused by the fact that a MBH moving through stellar material leaves a trail of hot rarified gas. The rarified gas behind a MBH exerts lower gravitational force on the MBH than the dense gas in front of it. The accelerating forces exceed the gravitational drag forces when MBH moves at Mach number $\mathcal{M}
Electromagnetic wave scattering by small bodies
Creators: name: Ramm, A. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 35J10, 70F10, 74J25, 81U40, 81V05

description: A reduction of the Maxwell's system to a Fredholm second-kind integral equation with weakly singular kernel is given for electromagnetic (EM) wave scattering by one and many small bodies. This equation is solved asymptotically as the characteristic size of the bodies tends to zero. The technique developed is used for solving the many-body EM wave scattering problem by rigorously reducing it to solving linear algebraic systems, completely bypassing the usage of integral equations. An equation is derived for the effective field in the medium, in which many small particles are embedded. A method for creating a desired refraction coefficient is outlined.
Seismic behaviour of diagonal strap braced CFS structures
Creators: name: Terracciano, Maria Teresa
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2013

description: The main scope of this dissertation has been to give a contribution to the evaluation of seismic performance of CFS structures and in particular of diagonal strap braced walls. To this end, two main objectives are pursued in this work: the study of the seismic behaviour of diagonal strap braced walls in terms of global response and the study of local behaviour of connections to understand their influence on the global seismic behaviour of walls.
In the context of ReLUIS-DPC project, a wide experimental program was planned and carried out. It consists of full-scale experimental tests on walls to investigate the global behaviour and small-scale experimental tests on materials, simple mechanical joints and connections to investigate the influence of the local behaviour on the global seismic behaviour. The experimental tests have been performed at the Dist Laboratory (Department of Structures for Engineering and Architecture, Naples), of the University of Naples Federico II. The obtained results demonstrate a satisfactory experimental response in terms of stiffness, strength and deformation capacity, largely confirming the theoretical predictions.
Since the final scope of the whole study, and in particular of the experimental campaign, is to provide appropriate design criteria for diagonal strap braced CFS structures to be introduced in Italian seismic code, considerations about design criteria were presented, on the basis of the design assumptions and the experimental test results, in comparison with the prescriptions of national and international seismic codes. The attention is focused on the behaviour factor, the diagonal brace verifications and the overstrength of fragile elements.