cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The entangling power of a "glocal" dissipative map
Creators: name: Nourmandipour, A.
name: Tavassoly, M. K.
name: Mancini, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a model of two qubits dissipating into both local and global environments (generally at non-zero temperatures), with the possibility of interpolating between purely local dissipation and purely global one. The corresponding dissipative dynamical map is characterized in terms of its Kraus operators focusing on the stationary regime. We then determine conditions under which entanglement can be induced by the action of such a map. It results (rather counterintuitively) that in order to have entanglement in the presence of local environment, this latter must be at nonzero temperature.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures
title: Apheresis therapy in multiple sclerosis patients with histopathologically classified immunopathological patterns
Creators: name: Stork, Lidia
name: Ellenberger, David
name: Beißbarth, Tim
name: Friede, Tim
name: Lucchinetti, Claudia
name: Brück, Wolfgang
name: Metz, Imke
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Apheresis therapies include plasma exchange (PLEX) and immunoadsorption (IA), second line therapies to treat steroid unresponsive multiple sclerosis (MS) relapses that show a comparable response rate of 40 - 90%. Early active MS lesions can be classified into three main, intraindividually stable[for full text, please go to the a.m. URL]
description: Joint-Meeting of the German Society for Neuropathology and Neuroanatomy (DGNN) and the Scandinavian Neuropathological Society (SNS)
title: Environment and autophagy influence the inflammatory response of microglia
Creators: name: Jendrach, Marina
name: Houtman, Judith
name: Heppner, Frank
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Introduction: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disorder, hallmarked by extracellular amyloid plaques (composed of amyloid-beta (Abeta) peptide), neurofibrillary tangles, neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. The amyloid cascade hypothesis states that deposition[for full text, please go to the a.m. URL]
description: Joint-Meeting of the German Society for Neuropathology and Neuroanatomy (DGNN) and the Scandinavian Neuropathological Society (SNS)
Littlest Seesaw
Creators: name: King, Stephen F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose the Littlest Seesaw (LS) model consisting of just two right-handed neutrinos, where one of them, dominantly responsible for the atmospheric neutrino mass, has couplings to $(ν_e,ν_μ,ν_τ)$ proportional to $(0,1,1)$, while the subdominant right-handed neutrino, mainly responsible for the solar neutrino mass, has couplings to $(ν_e,ν_μ,ν_τ)$ proportional to $(1,n,n-2)$. This constrained sequential dominance (CSD) model preserves the first column of the tri-bimaximal (TB) mixing matrix (TM1) and has a reactor angle $θ_{13} \sim (n-1) \frac{\sqrt{2}}{3} \frac{m_2}{m_3}$. This is a generalisation of CSD ($n=1$) which led to TB mixing and arises almost as easily if $n\geq 1$ is a real number. We derive exact analytic formulas for the neutrino masses, lepton mixing angles and CP phases in terms of the four input parameters and discuss exact sum rules. We show how CSD ($n=3$) may arise from vacuum alignment due to residual symmetries of $S_4$. We propose a benchmark model based on $S_4\times Z_3\times Z'_3$, which fixes $n=3$ and the leptogenesis phase $η= 2π/3$, leaving only two inputs $m_a$ and $m_b=m_{ee}$ describing $Δm^2_{31}$, $Δm^2_{21}$ and $U_{PMNS}$. The LS model predicts a normal mass hierarchy with a massless neutrino $m_1=0$ and TM1 atmospheric sum rules. The benchmark LS model additionally predicts: solar angle $θ_{12}=34^\circ$, reactor angle $θ_{13}=8.7^\circ$, atmospheric angle $θ_{23}=46^\circ$, and Dirac phase $δ_{CP}=-87^{\circ}$.
description: 35 pages, 2 figures, published in JHEP
A generalized architecture of quantum secure direct communication for N disjointed users with authentication
Creators: name: Farouk, Ahmed
name: Zakaria, Magdy
name: Megahed, Adel
name: Omara, Fatma A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we generalize a secured direct communication process between N users with partial and full cooperation of quantum server. The security analysis of authentication and communication processes against many types of attacks proved that the attacker cannot gain any information during intercepting either authentication or communication processes. Hence, the security of transmitted message among N users is ensured as the attacker introduces an error probability irrespective of the sequence of measurement.
title: Wirksamkeit und Sicherheit der bildwandlergestützten Facetteninfiltration mit Ropivacain bei lumbalem Facettensyndrom
Creators: name: Schmid, Oskar A.
name: Schmid, Oskar A.
name: Färber, Martin Yijian
name: Than, Peter
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: bildwandlergestützte Facetteninfiltration
subject: Ropivacain
subject: Wirksamkeit
subject: Sicherheit
subject: Facettensyndrom
subject: Facettenarthrose
subject: VAS
subject: Visuelle Analogskala
subject: Wirbelsäule
subject: Schmerztherapie
subject: Rückenschmerz
subject: Lokalanästhesie
subject: Intervention
subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Fragestellung: Die Injektion von schmerzlindernden Substanzen an die Wirbelsäule ist seit langem Standard in der orthopädisch-unfallchirurgischen Therapie. Aufgrund vieler Ressentiments gegen Cortisonpräparate stellt sich die Frage, ob eine reine Applikation eines Lokalanästhetikums[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: Deutscher Kongress für Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie (DKOU 2016)
title: Stellenwert von konventionellen bildgebenden Verfahren in der Notfalldiagnostik im Schock-OP – ziehen wir aus dem Röntgen Thorax eine Konsequenz?
Creators: name: Spering, Christopher
name: Brauns, Söhren
name: Sehmisch, Stephan
name: Dresing, Klaus
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Röntgen Thorax
subject: Polytrauma
subject: Thoraxverletzung
subject: Mediastinalverbreiterung
subject: eFAST
subject: Pneumothorax
subject: Schock-OP
subject: Notfalldiagnostik
subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Fragestellung: In vielen Schock-OPs gehört das Röntgen Thorax (Rö Thx) zum diagnostischen Standard. Indikation für Rö Thx im Liegen ist der Ausschluss eines Pneumothorax (PT), Hämatothorax (HT) oder einer mediastinalen Verletzung (MV). In der vorliegenden Studie soll die[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: Deutscher Kongress für Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie (DKOU 2016)
title: Röntgen-Stereometrie-Analyse (RSA) der Migration des SL-PLUS MIA Schaftes: 2-Jahres-Ergebnisse einer randomisierten kontrollierten Studie
Creators: name: Reiner, Tobias
name: Sonntag, Robert
name: Jakubowitz, Eike
name: Weiss, Stefan
name: Ewerbeck, Volker
name: Gotterbarm, Tobias
name: Kinkel, Stefan
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: RSA
subject: Migration
subject: Primärstabilität
subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Fragestellung: Der SL-PLUS MIA Schaft basiert auf dem klinisch bewährten Zweymüller-Konzept des SL-PLUS Geradschaftes (Smith & Nephew, Hamburg, Germany). Durch eine veränderte Implantatgeometrie soll die Implantation erleichtert und eine Schwächung der Knochenstruktur im Bereich[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: Deutscher Kongress für Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie (DKOU 2016)
The Observer's Guide to the Gamma-Ray Burst-Supernova Connection
Creators: name: Cano, Zach
name: Wang, Shan-Qin
name: Dai, Zi-Gao
name: Wu, Xue-Feng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this review we present a progress report of the connection between long-duration gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) and their accompanying supernovae (SNe). The analysis is from the point of view of an observer, with much of the emphasis placed on how observations, and the modelling of observations, have constrained what we known about GRB-SNe. We discuss their photometric and spectroscopic properties, their role as cosmological probes, including their measured luminosity$-$decline relationships, and how they can be used to measure the Hubble constant. We present a statistical analysis of their bolometric properties, and use this to determine the properties of the "average" GRB-SNe: which has a kinetic energy of $E_{\rm K} \approx 2.5\times10^{52}$ erg, an ejecta mass of $M_{\rm ej} \approx 6$ M$_{\odot}$, a nickel mass of $M_{\rm Ni} \approx 0.4$ M$_{\odot}$, a peak photospheric velocity of $v_{\rm ph} \approx 21,000$ km s$^{-1}$, a peak bolometric luminosity of $L_{\rm p} \approx 1\times10^{43}$ erg s$^{-1}$, and it reaches peak bolometric light in $t_{\rm p} \approx 13$ days. We discuss their geometry, consider the various physical processes that are thought to power the luminosity of GRB-SNe, and whether differences exist between GRB-SNe and the SNe associated with ultra-long duration GRBs. We discuss how observations of the environments of GRB-SNe further constrain the physical properties of their progenitor stars, and give an overview of the current theoretical paradigms of their suspected central engines. We also present an overview of the radioactively powered transients that have been photometrically associated with short-duration GRBs. We conclude the review by discussing what additional research is needed to further our understanding of GRB-SNe, in particular the role of binary-formation channels and the connection of GRB-SNe with superluminous SNe (abridged).
description: Accepted review in the special issue on "GRB in the Swift/Fermi Era and Beyond" published by Advances in Astronomy
CMB Constraint on Dark Matter Annihilation after Planck 2015
Creators: name: Kawasaki, Masahiro
name: Nakayama, Kazunori
name: Sekiguchi, Toyokazu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We update the constraint on the dark matter annihilation cross section by using the recent measurements of the CMB anisotropy by the Planck satellite. We fully calculate the cascade of dark matter annihilation products and their effects on ionization, heating and excitation of the hydrogen, hence do not rely on any assumption on the energy fractions that cause these effects.
description: 9 pages, 1 figure; to appear in Phys.Lett.B
title: Learning what really matters to older adults living with and beyond cancer through co-design
Creators: name: Brown, Lynsey R
Publisher: name: Edinburgh Napier University
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/03zjvnn91
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: In the UK 66% of all cancers are diagnosed in those aged 65 and over. Increased physical activity, healthy diet and reduced sedentary time can alleviate the impact of cancer and associated treatments. Behaviour change interventions are becoming increasingly common. First a systematic review was conducted to explore the effectiveness and acceptability of these interventions. Issues were identified in the current literature base, leading to the aim: To use co-design to develop intervention recommendations with and for older adults living with and beyond cancer to improve the behaviours diet, physical activity, and sedentary time.
This thesis reports a 12-month co-design process, involving eleven older adults living with and beyond cancer (mean age=72), and nine professionals/volunteers. The process consisted of three parts: Part A - Preparing, Part B - Co-designing and Part C - Evaluating. Part B drew on Experienced Based Co-Design, a structured method of co-design. The key stages of EBCD were incorporated in the process, with the addition of some adaptations to achieve the planned aims and objectives. Data generated was analysed using a 2-step thematic analysis approach.
Participants expressed a greater interest in social interactions than the target behaviours throughout the process. Three key recommendations were developed: (1) Social is key – any future intervention for this population should have a significant social element; (2) Considering the individual – different individuals have different needs and different expectations from interventions; and (3) Enabling access – considering practical barriers to participation in programmes and interventions. The tensions, challenges, and benefits of using co-design for intervention development are also explored.
Co-design should continue to be used to ensure interventions and services are acceptable for older people living with and beyond cancer. However, efforts should be made to ensure these processes move beyond consultation and truly put the individuals at the centre.
Measuring Type Ia Supernova Populations of Stretch and Color and Predicting Distance Biases
Creators: name: Scolnic, Daniel
name: Kessler, Richard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Simulations of Type Ia Supernovae (SNIa) surveys are a critical tool for correcting biases in the analysis of SNIa to infer cosmological parameters. Large scale Monte Carlo simulations include a thorough treatment of observation history, measurement noise, intrinsic scatter models and selection effects. In this paper, we improve simulations with a robust technique to evaluate the underlying populations of SNIa color and stretch that correlate with luminosity. In typical analyses, the standardized SNIa brightness is determined from linear `Tripp' relations between the light curve color and luminosity and between stretch and luminosity. However, this solution produces Hubble residual biases because intrinsic scatter and measurement noise result in measured color and stretch values that do not follow the Tripp relation. We find a $10σ$ bias (up to 0.3 mag) in Hubble residuals versus color and $5σ$ bias (up to 0.2 mag) in Hubble residuals versus stretch in a joint sample of 920 spectroscopically confirmed SNIa from PS1, SNLS, SDSS and several low-z surveys. After we determine the underlying color and stretch distributions, we use simulations to predict and correct the biases in the data. We show that removing these biases has a small impact on the low-z sample, but reduces the intrinsic scatter $σ_{\textrm{int}}$ from $0.101$ to $0.083$ in the combined PS1, SNLS and SDSS sample. Past estimates of the underlying populations were too broad, leading to a small bias in the equation-of-state of dark energy $w$ of $Δw=0.005$.
description: Accepted by ApJL
Holomorphic projection for $\mathop{Sp}_2(\mathbb R)$ -- the case of weight $(4,4)$
Creators: name: Maurischat, Kathrin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11F41, 11F70

description: We define non-holomorphic Poincaré series of exponential type for symplectic groups $\mathop{Sp}_m(\mathbb R)$ and continue them analytically in case $m=2$ for the small weight $(4,4)$. For this we construct certain Casimir operators and study the spectral properties of their resolvents on $L^2(Γ\backslash \mathop{Sp}_2(\mathbb R))$. Using the holomorphically continued Poincaré series, the holomorphic projection is described in terms of Fourier coefficients using Sturm's operator.
The role of the chemical potential in the BCS theory
Creators: name: Anghel, Dragos-Victor
name: Nemnes, George Alexandru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effect of the chemical potential on the results of the BCS theory of superconductivity. We assume that the pairing interaction is manifested between electrons of single-particle energies in an interval $[μ- \hbarω_c, μ+ \hbarω_c]$, where $μ$ and $ω_c$ are parameters of the model--$μ$ needs not be equal to the chemical potential of the system, denoted here by $μ_R$. The BCS results are recovered if $μ= μ_R$. If $μ\ne μ_R$ the physical properties change significantly: the energy gap $Δ$ is smaller than the BCS gap, a population imbalance appears, and the superconductor-normal metal phase transition is of the first order. The quasiparticle imbalance is an equilibrium property that appears due to the asymmetry with respect to $μ_R$ of the single-particle energy interval in which the pairing potential is manifested. For $μ_R - μ$ taking values in some ranges, the equation for $Δ$ may have more than one solution at the same temperature, forming branches of solutions when $Δ$ is plotted vs $μ_R-μ$ at fixed $T$. The solution with the highest energy gap, which corresponds to the BCS solution when $μ= μ_R$, cease to exist if $|μ-μ_R| \ge 2Δ_0$ ($Δ_0$ is the BCS gap at zero temperature). Therefore the superconductivity is conditioned by the existence of the pairing interaction and also by the value of $μ_R - μ$.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures
Time-out and psycho-behavioural momentum of Korean professional table tennis players
Creators: name: Jieun, Won
name: Kwon, Sungho
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Sport and exercise psychology

description: This study examined a time-out effect that affects psycho-behavioural momentum during table tennis competitions. Qualitative research was conducted through a phenomenological approach, data were collected through personal and group interviews with 15 Korean professional table tennis players.
title: Effect of cage design, supplemental posterior instrumentation and approach on primary stability of a lumbar interbody fusion – a biomechanical in vitro study
Creators: name: Schmoelz, Werner
name: Sandriesser, Sabrina
name: Loebl, Oded
name: Bauer, Marlies
name: Krappinger, Dietmar
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Objectives: There are various techniques and approaches for lumbar interbody fusion differing in access, cage type and type of supplemental posterior instrumentation. While a transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) usually includes a hemifactectomy, the facet joint can be preserved with a more[for full text, please go to the a.m. URL]
description: Deutscher Kongress für Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie (DKOU 2016)
title: Increasing or decreasing femoral version affects knee kinematic in an ACL-deficient cadaveric model
Creators: name: Suero, Eduardo M.
name: Al-Saiegh, Yousif
name: Günther, Daniel
name: Hawi, Nael
name: Stübig, Timo
name: Krettek, Christian
name: Citak, Musa
name: Omar, Mohamed
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: anterior cruciate ligament
subject: anterolateral ligament
subject: knee biomechanics
subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Objectives: Several anatomic characteristics have been suggested as potential risk factors for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture. Decreased femoral notch width; decreased depth of concavity of the medial tibial plateau; and an increase in the posterior-inferior-directed slope of the tibial plateau,[for full text, please go to the a.m. URL]
description: Deutscher Kongress für Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie (DKOU 2016)
title: Der Pararectus Zugang – eine vielseitige Option für die Beckentumorchirurgie
Creators: name: Kurze, Christophe
name: Keel, Marius
name: Siebenrock, Klaus-Arno
name: Klenke, Frank M.
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Muskuloskelettale Tumore
subject: Sarkom
subject: Becken
subject: Operation
subject: Pararectus Zugang
subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Fragestellung: Die pelvine Tumorchirurgie ist eine der komplexesten Felder in der onkologischen Orthopädie. Die Behandlung von Knochen- und Weichteiltumoren ist mit einem hohem Komplikationsrisiko verbunden. Der erweiterte ilioinguinale/iliofemorale Zugang, der für die Beckentumorchirurgie[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: Deutscher Kongress für Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie (DKOU 2016)
title: Case Report: Der Morbus Paget der Lendenwirbelsäule im Langzeitverlauf
Creators: name: Hofmann, Alexander
name: Von Der Höh, Nicolas
name: Spiegl, Ulrich
name: Jarvers, Jan-Sven
name: Josten, Christoph
name: Heyde, Christoph E.
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mb. Paget
subject: Wirbelsäule
subject: Claudicatio spinalis
subject: Langzeitverlauf
subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Fragestellung: Das Krankheitsbild des Mb. Paget tritt in Europa mit einer Prävalenz von 0,3% auf [Poor 2006]. In 15% ist die Wirbelsäule betroffen [Jorge-Mora 2015]. Größtenteils verläuft der Mb. Paget asymptomatisch. Nur ein Drittel der Patienten[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: Deutscher Kongress für Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie (DKOU 2016)
title: Umsetzung von ABS Strategien in einem Universitätsklinikum – Auswirkungen auf den Antibiotikaverbrauch sowie die Erreger- bzw. Resistenzepidemiologie
Creators: name: Hagel, S.
name: Brandt, C.
name: Leichenberg, K.
name: Hartmann, M.
name: Roedel, J.
name: Löffler, B.
name: Pletz, M. W.
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: ABS-Programme im Krankenhaus haben das Ziel die Qualität der Verordnung von Anti-infektiva kontinuierlich zu verbessern, um beste klinische Behandlungsergebnisse unter Beachtung einer Minimierung von Toxizität für den Patienten sowie von Resistenz-entwicklung und Kosten zu erreichen. [zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: Infektiologie Update 2016; 25. Jahrestagung der Paul-Ehrlich-Gesellschaft für Chemotherapie (PEG)
title: Antimicrobial polymer surfaces prepared by two combined plasma procedures – high power impulse magnetron sputtering (HiPIMPS) and plasma based ion implantation (PBII)
Creators: name: Quade, Antje
name: Hempel, Frank
name: Finke, Birgit
name: Weltmann, Klaus-Dieter
name: Fröhlich, Maik
name: Polak, Martin
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: The surface finishing of medical products with anti-microbial properties is crucial for their future use in patients to reduce or prevent nosocomial infections and thus also arising costs by prolonged stays in hospital. A very high anti-microbial effect against the majority of germs show the elements[for full text, please go to the a.m. URL]
description: Infektiologie Update 2016; 25. Jahrestagung der Paul-Ehrlich-Gesellschaft für Chemotherapie (PEG)
Heavy-flavour production in high-energy d-Au and p-Pb collisions
Creators: name: Beraudo, Andrea
name: De Pace, Arturo
name: Monteno, Marco
name: Nardi, Marzia
name: Prino, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Soft-hadron measurements in high-energy collisions of small systems like p-Pb and d-Au show peculiar qualitative features (long-range rapidity correlations, flattening of the $p_T$-spectra with increasing hadron mass and centrality, non-vanishing Fourier harmonics in the azimuthal particle distributions) suggestive of the formation of a strongly-interacting medium displaying a collective behaviour, with a hydrodynamic flow as a response to the pressure gradients in the initial conditions. Hard observables (high-$p_T$ jet and hadron spectra) on the other hand, within the current large systematic uncertainties, appear only midly modified with the respect to the benchmark case of minimum-bias p-p collisions. What should one expect for heavy-flavour particles, initially produced in hard processes but tending, in the nucleus-nucleus case, to approach kinetic equilibrium with the rest of the medium? This is the issue we address in the present study, showing how the current experimental findings are compatible with a picture in which the formation of a hot medium even in proton-nucleus collisions modifies the propagation and hadronization of heavy-flavour particles.
description: Final version, accepted for publication by JHEP
A Selection of Giant Radio Sources from NVSS
Creators: name: Proctor, D. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Results of the application of pattern recognition techniques to the problem of identifying Giant Radio Sources (GRS) from the data in the NVSS catalog are presented and issues affecting the process are explored. Decision-tree pattern recognition software was applied to training set source pairs developed from known NVSS large angular size radio galaxies. The full training set consisted of 51,195 source pairs, 48 of which were known GRS for which each lobe was primarily represented by a single catalog component. The source pairs had a maximum separation of 20 arc minutes and a minimum component area of 1.87 square arc minutes at the 1.4 mJy level. The importance of comparing resulting probability distributions of the training and application sets for cases of unknown class ratio is demonstrated. The probability of correctly ranking a randomly selected (GRS, non-GRS) pair from the best of the tested classifiers was determined to be 97.8 +/- 1.5%. The best classifiers were applied to the over 870,000 candidate pairs from the entire catalog. Images of higher ranked sources were visually screened and a table of over sixteen hundred candidates, including morphological annotation, is presented. These systems include doubles and triples, Wide-Angle Tail (WAT) and Narrow-Angle Tail (NAT), S- or Z-shaped systems, and core-jets and resolved cores. While some resolved lobe systems are recovered with this technique, generally it is expected that such systems would require a different approach.
description: 20 pages of text, 6 figures, 22 pages tables, total 55 pages. The stub for Table 6 is followed by the complete machine readable file. To be published in The Astrophysical Journal Supplement. Revision 1: Corrected typos, references updated/corrected, addition to acknowledgments. Five candidates identified as SNR (Thanks to D. A. Green)
Kinetic Sunyaev Zeldovich effect in an anisotropic CMB model: measuring low multipoles of the CMB at higher redshifts using intensity and polarization spectral distortions
Creators: name: Yasini, Siavash
name: Pierpaoli, Elena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a novel mathematical formalism that allows to easily compute the expected kinetic Sunyaev Zeldovich (kSZ) signal in intensity and polarization due to an anisotropic primordial Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB). We derive the expected intensity and polarization distortions in the direction of non-moving galaxy clusters and then we generalize our calculations for non-zero peculiar velocity. We show that, in the direction of moving clusters, low CMB multipoles impose intensity and polarization spectral distortions with different frequency dependences. The polarization signal primarily probes the quadrupole moment of the CMB, with a significant contribution from the primordial dipole and octupole moments. For a typical cluster velocity of 1000 km/s, corrections to the quadrupole-induced polarization of a non-moving cluster are of the order of 2-10% between 200-600 GHz, and depend on cluster's position on the sky, velocity magnitude and direction of motion. We also find that the angular dependence of the signal varies with frequency of observation. The distinct frequency and angular dependences of the polarization induced by the primordial dipole and octupole can be exploited to measure them despite other physical effects and foregrounds. Contrary to polarization, intensity distortions are affected by all the CMB multipoles, so they cannot be readily used to probe the low multipoles at higher redshifts. However, correlations between intensity and polarization signals, can be used to enhance the signal to noise ratio for the measurements of the primordial dipole, quadrupole and octupole. The more general calculation of the aberration kernel presented in this work has applications reaching beyond the SZ cluster science addressed here. For example, it can be exploited to the deboost/deaberrate CMB multipoles as observed in our local frame.
description: 22 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication in Physical Review D
Correlated fluctuations near the QCD critical point
Creators: name: Jiang, Lijia
name: Li, Pengfei
name: Song, Huichao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we introduce a freeze-out scheme for the dynamical models near the QCD critical point through coupling the decoupled classical particles with the order parameter field. With a modified distribution function that satisfies specific static fluctuations, we calculate the correlated fluctuations of net protons on the hydrodynamic freeze-out surface. A comparison with recent STAR data shows that our model calculations could roughly reproduce energy dependent cumulant $C_4$ and $κσ^2$ of net protons through tuning the related parameters. However, the calculated $C_2$ and $C_3$ with both Poisson and Binomial baselines are always above the experimental data due to the positive contributions from the static critical fluctuations. In order to qualitatively and quantitatively describe the experimental data, the dynamical critical fluctuations and more realistic non-critical fluctuation baselines should be investigated in the near future.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures; with Appendix C added to discuss the acceptance dependence of critical fluctuations
On the validity of power functionals for the homogeneous electron gas in reduced.density-matrix-functional theory
Creators: name: Putaja, A.
name: Eich, F. G.
name: Baldsiefen, T.
name: Rasanen, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Physically valid and numerically efficient approximations for the exchange and correlation energy are critical for reduced density-matrix functional theory to become a widely used method in electronic structure calculations. Here we examine the physical limits of power functionals of the form $f(n,n')=(n n')^α$ for the scaling function in the exchange-correlation energy. To this end we obtain numerically the minimizing momentum distributions for the three- and two-dimensional homogeneous electron gas, respectively. In particular, we examine the limiting values for the power $α$ to yield physically sound solutions that satisfy the Lieb-Oxford lower bound for the exchange-correlation energy and exclude pinned states with the condition $n({\mathbf k})<1$ for all wave vectors ${\mathbf k}$. The results refine the constraints previously obtained from trial momentum distributions. We also compute the values for $α$ that yield the exact correlation energy and its kinetic part for both the three- and two-dimensional electron gas. In both systems, narrow regimes of validity and accuracy are found at $α\gtrsim 0.6$ and at $r_s\gtrsim 10$ for the density parameter, corresponding to relatively low densities.
description: Phys. Rev. A (in print, 2016)
Focused Azimuthally Polarized Vector Beam and Spatial Magnetic Resolution below the Diffraction Limit
Creators: name: Veysi, Mehdi
name: Guclu, Caner
name: Capolino, Filippo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An azimuthally electric-polarized vector beam (APB), with a polarization vortex, has a salient feature that it contains a magnetic-dominant region within which electric field ideally has a null while longitudinal magnetic field is maximum. Fresnel diffraction theory and plane-wave spectral (PWS) calculations are applied to quantify field features of such a beam upon focusing through a lens. The diffraction-limited full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the beam's longitudinal magnetic field intensity profile and complementary FWHM (CFWHM) of the beam's annular-shaped total electric field intensity profile are examined at the lens's focal plane as a function of the lens's paraxial focal distance. Then, we place a subwavelength dense dielectric Mie scatterer in the minimum-waist plane of a self-standing converging APB and demonstrate for the first time that a very high resolution magnetic field at optical frequency is achieved with total magnetic field FWHM of 0.23λ (i.e., magnetic field spot area of 0.04λ^2) within a magnetic-dominant region. The theory shown here is valuable for development of optical microscopy and spectroscopy systems based on magnetic dipolar transitions which are in general much weaker than their electric counterparts.
Two-dimensional terahertz magnetic resonance spectroscopy of collective spin waves
Creators: name: Lu, Jian
name: Li, Xian
name: Hwang, Harold Y.
name: Ofori-Okai, Benjamin K.
name: Kurihara, Takayuki
name: Suemoto, Tohru
name: Nelson, Keith A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nonlinear manipulation of nuclear and electron spins is the basis for all advanced methods in magnetic resonance including multidimensional nuclear magnetic and electron spin resonance spectroscopies, magnetic resonance imaging, and in recent years, quantum control over individual spins. The methodology is facilitated by the ease with which the regime of strong coupling can be reached between radiofrequency or microwave magnetic fields and nuclear or electron spins respectively, typified by sequences of magnetic pulses that control the magnetic moment directions. The capabilities meet a bottleneck, however, for far-infrared magnetic resonances characteristic of correlated electron materials, molecular magnets, and proteins that contain high-spin transition metal ions. Here we report the development of two-dimensional terahertz magnetic resonance spectroscopy and its use for direct observation of the nonlinear responses of collective spin waves (magnons). The spectra show magnon spin echoes and 2-quantum signals that reveal pairwise correlations between magnons at the Brillouin zone center. They also show resonance-enhanced second-harmonic and difference-frequency signals. Our methods are readily generalizable to multidimensional magnetic resonance spectroscopy and nonlinear coherent control of terahertz-frequency spin systems in molecular complexes, biomolecules, and materials.
description: 26 pages, 11 figures
The Imperative of Cooperation: Steps Toward an Equitable Response to the Climate Crisis
Creators: name: Civil Society Equity Review
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Environmental politics

description: The 2022 Civil Society Equity Review, endorsed by over 200 civil society organisations and social movements, builds on previous years’ elaborations of what fair shares means in terms of both emission reductions and fossil fuel phase out, as well as adaptation and loss and damage. In this report we focus on international cooperation as such, discussing and surveying key areas where international cooperation is both possible and necessary. In so doing, it presents opportunities for international cooperation that very explicitly apply to all countries and continents, though it also pauses to recognize how the particular situation in Africa – the host of COP27 – crystalizes some of the key inequities of the malfunctioning world order.
 International cooperation will be key to enabling Africa to take a different course, through its own agency, towards people-centered, renewable energy societies that provide well-being for all.
 This report outlines areas for international cooperation across four broad areas: International Cooperation under the UNFCCC International Cooperation through initiatives and multilateral platforms to address financing, renewable energy and fossil fuel phase-out International Cooperation to manage energy price instability and a fair share phase out International Cooperation Towards Changing the Rules and Architecture of Global Trade, Investment, Finance and Technology
Faraday Rotation Measure Synthesis of intermediate redshift quasars as a probe of intervening matter
Creators: name: Kim, Kwang Seong
name: Lilly, Simon J.
name: Miniati, Francesco
name: Bernet, M. L.
name: Beck, Rainer
name: O'Sullivan, S. P.
name: Gaensler, B. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There is evidence that magnetized material along the line of sight to distant quasars is detectable in the polarization properties of the background sources. The polarization properties appear to be correlated with the presence of intervening MgII absorption, which is thought to arise in outflowing material from star forming galaxies. In order to investigate this further, we have obtained high spectral resolution polarization measurements, with the VLA and ATCA, of a set of 49 unresolved quasars for which we have high quality optical spectra. These enable us to produce a Faraday Depth spectrum for each source, using Rotation Measure Synthesis. Our new independent radio data confirms that interveners are strongly associated with depolarization. We characterize the complexity of the Faraday Depth spectrum using a number of parameters and show how these are related, or not, to the depolarization and to the presence of MgII absorption along the line of sight. We argue that complexity and structure in the Faraday Depth distribution likely arise from both intervening material and intrinsically to the background source and attempt to separate these. We find that the strong radio depolarization effects associated with intervening material at redshifts out to $z \approx 1$ arise from inhomogeneous Faraday screens producing a dispersion in Rotation Measure across individual sources of around 10~rad/m$^2$. This is likely produced by disordered fields with strengths of at least $3\;μ$G.
description: 21 pages, 14 figures
Dänische Phonetik im Kontrast zu norddeutschen Ausgangsvarietäten beim schulischen Zweitspracherwerb
Creators: name: Höder, Steffen
Publisher: name: Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: phonetics, German, Danish, school, second-language acquisition
subject: 948 Scandinavia

description: Kieler Arbeiten zur skandinavistischen Linguistik; 1
How do Spatial Skills Take Shape? Examining Preschoolers’ Performance on 2D and 3D Assembly Tasks
Creators: name: Closser, Avery
name: Westerberg, Lauren
name: Geer, Elyssa
name: Purpura, David
name: Duncan, Robert
name: Schmitt, Sara
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Developmental Psychology
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Spatial skills are both important and malleable: they predict STEM achievement and can be developed through training and interventions (see Uttal et al., 2013 for a review). Even children’s exposure to play with spatial activities predicts performance on spatial achievement tests (Jirout & Newcombe, 2015). Given the importance of spatial skills, it is pertinent to provide instructional activities that support spatial skill development in early education. However, it is unclear whether or how individual characteristics of children may also act as prerequisites for spatial skills. For example, children’s home spatial environment predicted overall performance on a spatial skill test that measured both 2D and 3D spatial reasoning together (Vander Tuin et al., 2022). However, 3D geometry reasoning has been recognized as a related but distinct construct from 2D geometry reasoning (Pittalis & Christou, 2010). This distinction prompts us to examine whether spatial skills should be measured as distinct constructs for 2D versus 3D spatial assembly items on the Test of Spatial Assembly (TOSA; Verdine et al., 2017). While prior work suggested that students performed similarly on each set of items (Verdine et al., 2017), to the best of our knowledge, no research has directly tested the factor structure of the TOSA or directly compared students’ performance on the 2D versus 3D items. In addition to filling these gaps in existing research, we plan to explore potential predictors of students’ performance on each task type to understand the mechanisms that drive students’ success on the different task types.
title: Molecular and functional characterization of SMOC1 in IDH1 wild type and IDH1 mutant gliomas
Creators: name: Weber, Marc Maximilian
name: Kaisers, Wolfgang
name: Reifenberger, Guido
name: Knobbe-Thomsen, Christiane B.
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Questions: In 2010 Noushmehr and coworkers showed that IDH1 mutations are associated with a CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP) in glioma [ref:1]. This phenotype is accompanied with longer overall survival, but its molecular role and function remains to be elucidated. Methods: Using [for full text, please go to the a.m. URL]
description: Joint-Meeting of the German Society for Neuropathology and Neuroanatomy (DGNN) and the Scandinavian Neuropathological Society (SNS)
What Physics Determines the Peak of the IMF? Insights from the Structure of Cores in Radiation-Magnetohydrodynamic Simulations
Creators: name: Krumholz, Mark R.
name: Myers, Andrew T.
name: Klein, Richard I.
name: McKee, Christopher F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As star-forming clouds collapse, the gas within them fragments to ever-smaller masses. Naively one might expect this process to continue down to the smallest mass that is able to radiate away its binding energy on a dynamical timescale, the opacity limit for fragmentation, at $\sim 0.01$ $M_\odot$. However, the observed peak of the initial mass function (IMF) lies a factor of $20-30$ higher in mass, suggesting that some other mechanism halts fragmentation before the opacity limit is reached. In this paper we analyse radiation-magnetohydrodynamic simulations of star cluster formation in typical Milky Way environments in order to determine what physical process limits fragmentation in them. We examine the regions in the vicinity of stars that form in the simulations to determine the amounts of mass that are prevented from fragmenting by thermal and magnetic pressure. We show that, on small scales, thermal pressure enhanced by stellar radiation heating is the dominant mechanism limiting the ability of the gas to further fragment. In the brown dwarf mass regime, $\sim 0.01$ $M_\odot$, the typical object that forms in the simulations is surrounded by gas whose mass is several times its own that is unable to escape or fragment, and instead is likely to accrete. This mechanism explains why $\sim 0.01$ $M_\odot$ objects are rare: unless an outside agent intervenes (e.g., a shock strips away the gas around them), they will grow by accreting the warmed gas around them. In contrast, by the time stars grow to masses of $\sim 0.2$ $M_\odot$, the mass of heated gas is only tens of percent of the central star mass, too small to alter its final mass by a large factor. This naturally explains why the IMF peak is at $\sim 0.2$ $M_\odot$.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures, MNRAS in press; some added discussion in this version, no major changes
Personalizing Personality Pilot Study
Creators: name: Beck, Emorie
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Personality and Social Contexts
subject: Quantitative Psychology
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: The study aims to understand how individual lives unfold in everyday life. Much work on understanding personality involves taking a standard battery of questions and administering them to participants one time. More recently, personality researchers have turned to the experience sampling method in order to capture small slices of individuals’ daily behaviors and experiences. To do so, researchers generally take the same standard batteries meant to describe personality in general and change the wording to make sense in daily life (e.g., “I am often outgoing” becomes “I am outgoing”). However, participants frequently report that (1) these items aren’t applicable in their daily lives or (2) fail to assess things that are actually applicable to their daily lives. This study aims to understand which and how unique experiences unfold in participants’ everyday life.
title: Die Stellung der Fibula in der incisura tibialis nach Durchtrennung der Syndesmosenanteile: Eine Studie zur intraoperativen 3D-Bildgebung am Leichenmodell
Creators: name: Vetter, Sven
name: Palesche, Nora
name: Beisemann, Nils
name: Schnetzke, Marc
name: Grützner, Paul-Alfred
name: Franke, Jochen
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 3D-Bildwandler
subject: Syndesmosenruptur
subject: OSG-Fraktur
subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Fragestellung: Sprunggelenksverletzungen mit Läsionen der tibiofibularen Syndesmose können zu einer instabilen Malleolengabel führen. Eine frühzeitige Diagnose und Therapie mit anatomischer Reposition des oberen Sprunggelenkes ist entscheidend für das klinische Ergebnis. Ziel[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: Deutscher Kongress für Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie (DKOU 2016)
Poschmann, B.: Der Ablaß im Licht der Bußgeschichte
Creators: name: Weisweiler, Heinrich
Publisher: name: Scholastik
Year: 1970

description: Scholastik, Bd. 20 Nr. 4 (1949): Scholastik. Vierteljahresschrift für Theologie und Philosophie, Band 20/24, Heft 4