cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Biofabrication Enables Efficient Interrogation and Optimization of Sequential Culture of Endothelial Cells, Fibroblasts, and Cardiomyocytes for Formation of Vascular Cords in Cardiac Tissue Engineering
Creators: name: Iyer, Rohin K.
name: Vunjak-Novakovic, Gordana
name: Chiu, Loraine L. Y.
name: Radisic, Milica
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biomedical engineering

description: Biofabrication of living structures with desired topology and functionality requires the interdisciplinary effort of practitioners of the physical, life and engineering sciences. Such efforts are being undertaken in many laboratories around the world. Numerous approaches are pursued, such as those based on the use of natural or artificial scaffolds, decellularized cadaveric extracellular matrices and, most lately, bioprinting. To be successful in this endeavor, it is crucial to provide in vitro micro-environmental clues for the cells resembling those in the organism. Therefore, scaffolds, populated with differentiated cells or stem cells, of increasing complexity and sophistication are being fabricated. However, no matter how sophisticated scaffolds are, they can cause problems stemming from their degradation, eliciting immunogenic reactions and other a priori unforeseen complications. It is also being realized that ultimately the best approach might be to rely on the self-assembly and self-organizing properties of cells and tissues and the innate regenerative capability of the organism itself, not just simply prepare tissue and organ structures in vitro followed by their implantation. Here we briefly review the different strategies for the fabrication of three-dimensional biological structures, in particular bioprinting. We detail a fully biological, scaffoldless, print-based engineering approach that uses self-assembling multicellular units as bio-ink particles and employs early developmental morphogenetic principles, such as cell sorting and tissue fusion.
Great Britain Ministry of Information - Daily Press Notices and Bulletins (1942-08-15)
Creators: name: Great Britain. Ministry Of Information.
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 1942
Subjects: World War, 1939-1945 – Social aspects
World War, 1939-1945 -- History
World War II
Second World War
World War Two
Great Britain

description: From the UK National Archives: http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/theartofwar/inf3.htm “Formed on September 4th 1939, the day after Britain’s declaration of war, the Ministry of Information (MOI) was the central government department responsible for publicity and propaganda in the Second World War. The initial functions of the MOI were threefold: news and press censorship; home publicity; and oversees publicity in Allied and neutral countries”. This collection contains Press Notices and Bulletins published by the MOI between 1939-1945. The Press Notices and Bulletins are among many publications and films issued by the agency during the war.
Additional file 1 of Understanding lifestyle self-management regimens that improve the life quality of people living with multiple sclerosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Wills, Olivia C.
name: Probst, Yasmine C.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Data 1. Database search strategy and search results. Data 2. A. Cochrane risk of bias assessment for included randomised controlled trials (n = 35). B. Newcastle Ottawa risk of bias scale (NOS) for case control and cohort studies (n = 13). C. Newcastle Ottawa risk of bias scale (NOS) adapted for cross- sectional studies (n = 2) D. Risk of bias in non- randomised studies of interventions (ROBINS-I) (n = 7). Data 3. GRADE for assessing the certainty of the body of evidence.
Additional file 2 of Socioeconomic and marital status among liver cirrhosis patients and associations with mortality: a population-based cohort study in Sweden
Creators: name: Vaz, Juan
name: Strömberg, Ulf
name: Berne Eriksson
name: Buchebner, David
name: Midlöv, Patrik
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2: Supplementary Material 2. Relationship between employment status and equivalised annual disposable income (above), and between occupational skill level and average monthly salary (below). Differences in annual disposable income and average monthly salary for the Swedish population, by employment status and by occupational skill level, respectively.
Star Polymers Confined in a Nanoslit: A Simulation Test of Scaling and Self-Consistent Field Theories
Creators: name: Paturej, J.
name: Milchev, A.
name: Egorov, S. A.
name: Binder, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The free energy cost of confining a star polymer where $f$ flexible polymer chains containing $N$ monomeric units are tethered to a central unit in a slit with two parallel repulsive walls a distance $D$ apart is considered, for good solvent conditions. Also the parallel and perpendicular components of the gyration radius of the star polymer, and the monomer density profile across the slit are obtained. Theoretical descriptions via Flory theory and scaling treatments are outlined, and compared to numerical self-consistent field calculations (applying the Scheutjens-Fleer lattice theory) and to Molecular Dynamics results for a bead-spring model. It is shown that Flory theory and self-consistent field (SCF) theory yield the correct scaling of the parallel linear dimension of the star with $N$, $f$ and $D$, but cannot be used for estimating the free energy cost reliably. We demonstrate that the same problem occurs already for the confinement of chains in cylindrical tubes. We also briefly discuss the problem of a free or grafted star polymer interacting with a single wall, and show that the dependence of confining force on the functionality of the star is different for a star confined in a nanoslit and a star interacting with a single wall, which is due to the absence of a symmetry plane in the latter case.
description: 15 pages, 9 figures, LaTeX, to appear in Soft Matter
Gene Transfer of a Human Insulin-Like Growth Factor I cDNA Enhances Tissue Engineering of Cartilage
Creators: name: Madry, Henning
name: Vunjak-Novakovic, Gordana
name: Padera, Robert
name: Seidel, Joachim
name: Langer, Robert
name: Freed, Lisa E.
name: Trippel, Stephen B.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2002
Subjects: Biomedical engineering

description: The repair of articular cartilage lesions remains a clinical problem. Two novel approaches to cartilage formation, gene transfer and tissue engineering, have been limited by short-term transgene expression in transplanted chondrocytes and inability to deliver regulatory signals to engineered tissues according to specific temporal and spatial patterns. We tested the hypothesis that the transfer of a cDNA encoding the human insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) can provide sustained gene expression in cell-polymer constructs in vitro and in vivo and enhance the structural and functional properties of tissue-engineered cartilage. Bovine articular chondrocytes genetically modified to overexpress human IGF-I were seeded into polymer scaffolds, cultured in bioreactors in serum-free medium, and implanted subcutaneously in nude mice; constructs based on nontransfected or lacZ-transfected chondrocytes served as controls. Transgene expression was maintained throughout the duration of the study, more than 4 weeks in vitro followed by an additional 10 days either in vitro or in vivo. Chondrogenesis progressed toward the formation of cartilaginous tissue that was characterized by the presence of glycosaminoglycans, aggrecan, and type II collagen, and the absence of type I collagen. IGF-I constructs contained increased amounts of glycosaminoglycans and collagen and confined-compression equilibrium moduli as compared with controls; all groups had subnormal cellularity. The amounts of glycosaminoglycans and collagen per unit DNA in IGF-I constructs were markedly higher than in constructs cultured in serum-supplemented medium or native cartilage. This enhancement of chondrogenesis by spatially defined overexpression of human IGF-I suggests that cartilage tissue engineering based on genetically modified chondrocytes may be advantageous as compared with either gene transfer or tissue engineering alone.
Great Britain Ministry of Information - Daily Press Notices and Bulletins (1942-08-16)
Creators: name: Great Britain. Ministry Of Information.
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 1942
Subjects: World War, 1939-1945 – Social aspects
World War, 1939-1945 -- History
World War II
Second World War
World War Two
Great Britain

description: From the UK National Archives: http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/theartofwar/inf3.htm “Formed on September 4th 1939, the day after Britain’s declaration of war, the Ministry of Information (MOI) was the central government department responsible for publicity and propaganda in the Second World War. The initial functions of the MOI were threefold: news and press censorship; home publicity; and oversees publicity in Allied and neutral countries”. This collection contains Press Notices and Bulletins published by the MOI between 1939-1945. The Press Notices and Bulletins are among many publications and films issued by the agency during the war.
The Relation between the Radial Temperature Profile in the Chromosphere and the Solar Spectrum at Centimeter, Millimeter, Sub-millimeter, and Infrared Wavelengths
Creators: name: De la Luz, Victor
name: Chavez, Miguel
name: Bertone, Emanuele
name: de Castro, Guillermo Gimenez
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Solar observations from millimeter to ultraviolet wavelengths show that there is a temperature minimum between photosphere and chromosphere. Analysis based on semi-empirical models locate this point at about 500 km over the photosphere. The consistency of these models has been tested by means of millimeter to infrared observations. In the present work, we show that variations of the theoretical radial temperature profile near the temperature minimum impacts the brightness temperature at centimeter, submillimeter, and infrared wavelengths, but the millimeter wavelength emission remains unchanged. We found a region between 500 and 1000 km over the photosphere that remains hidden to observations at the frequencies under study in this work.
description: Accepted in Solar Physics
Additional file 2 of The effect of bed-to-nurse ratio on hospital mortality of critically ill children on mechanical ventilation: a nationwide population-based study
Creators: name: Minyoung Jung
name: Hyejeong Park
name: Danbee Kang
name: Park, Esther
name: Kyeongman Jeon
name: Chung, Chi Ryang
name: Yang, Jeong Hoon
name: Suh, Gee Young
name: Guallar, Eliseo
name: Juhee Cho
name: Cho, Joongbum
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2: Table S1. Odds ratio (95% CI) for in-hospital mortality according to ICU grade and combination of mechanical ventilator and vasopressor drugs, 2009 to 2014.
Binaries discovered by the MUCHFUSS project; FBS 0117+396: An sdB+dM binary with a pulsating primary
Creators: name: Østensen, R. H.
name: Geier, S.
name: Schaffenroth, V.
name: Telting, J. H.
name: Bloemen, S.
name: Németh, P.
name: Beck, P. G.
name: Lombaert, R.
name: Pápics, P. I.
name: Tillich, A.
name: Ziegerer, E.
name: Machado, L. Fox
name: Littlefair, S.
name: Dhillon, V.
name: Aerts, C.
name: Heber, U.
name: Maxted, P. F. L.
name: Gänsicke, B. T.
name: Marsh, T. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The project Massive Unseen Companions to Hot Faint Underluminous Stars from SDSS (muchfuss) aims to discover subdwarf-B stars with massive compact companions such as overmassive white dwarfs (M > 1.0 M_sun), neutron stars or black holes. From the 127 subdwarfs with substantial radial-velocity variations discovered in the initial survey, a number of interesting objects have been selected for extensive follow-up. After an initial photometry run with BUSCA revealed that FBS 0117+396 is photometrically variable both on long and short timescales, we chose it as an auxiliary target during a 6-night multi-color photometry run with Ultracam. Spectroscopy was obtained at a number of observatories in order to determine the binary period and obtain a radial-velocity amplitude. After establishing an orbital period of P = 0.252 d, and removing the signal associated with the irradiated hemisphere of the M-dwarf companion, we were able to detect ten pulsation periods in the Fourier spectrum of the light curve. Two pulsation modes are found to have short periods of 337 and 379 s, and at least eight modes are found with periods between 45 minutes and 2.5 hours. This establishes that FBS 0117+396 is an sdB+dM reflection binary, in which the primary is a hybrid pulsator, and the first one found with this particular melange of flavours.
description: 11 pages, accepted for publication in A&A
Tissue Engineering by Self-Assembly and Bioprinting of Living Cells
Creators: name: Jakab, Karoly
name: Vunjak-Novakovic, Gordana
name: Norotte, Cyrille
name: Marga, Francoise
name: Murphy, Keith
name: Forgacs, Gabor
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biomedical engineering

description: Biofabrication of living structures with desired topology and functionality requires the interdisciplinary effort of practitioners of the physical, life and engineering sciences. Such efforts are being undertaken in many laboratories around the world. Numerous approaches are pursued, such as those based on the use of natural or artificial scaffolds, decellularized cadaveric extracellular matrices and, most lately, bioprinting. To be successful in this endeavor, it is crucial to provide in vitro micro-environmental clues for the cells resembling those in the organism. Therefore, scaffolds, populated with differentiated cells or stem cells, of increasing complexity and sophistication are being fabricated. However, no matter how sophisticated scaffolds are, they can cause problems stemming from their degradation, eliciting immunogenic reactions and other a priori unforeseen complications. It is also being realized that ultimately the best approach might be to rely on the self-assembly and self-organizing properties of cells and tissues and the innate regenerative capability of the organism itself, not just simply prepare tissue and organ structures in vitro followed by their implantation. Here we briefly review the different strategies for the fabrication of three-dimensional biological structures, in particular bioprinting. We detail a fully biological, scaffoldless, print-based engineering approach that uses self-assembling multicellular units as bio-ink particles and employs early developmental morphogenetic principles, such as cell sorting and tissue fusion.
Additional file 1 of Implementation and delivery of group consultations for young people with diabetes in socioeconomically deprived, ethnically diverse settings
Creators: name: Papoutsi, Chrysanthi
name: Hargreaves, Dougal
name: Hagell, Ann
name: Hounsome, Natalia
name: Skirrow, Helen
name: Muralidhara, Koteshwara
name: Colligan, Grainne
name: Ferrey, Anne
name: Vijayaraghavan, Shanti
name: Greenhalgh, Trish
name: Finer, Sarah
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: Medicine
Biotechnology
Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Table 1a. Resource use and costs associated with running group clinics, site A. Table 1b. Resource use and costs associated with running group clinics, site B. Table 2. Resource use and costs of usual care: scheduled contacts, site B. Table 3. Resource use and costs of usual care: unscheduled contacts, site B.
The parallel TASEP, fixed particle number and weighted Motzkin paths
Creators: name: Woelki, Marko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper the totally asymmetric exclusion process (TASEP) with parallel update on an open lattice of size $L$ is considered in the maximum-current region. A formal expression for the generating function for the weight of configurations with $N$ particles is given. Further an interpretation in terms of $(u,l,d)$-colored weighted Motzkin paths is presented. Using previous results (Woelki and Schreckenberg 2009 {\it J. Stat. Mech} P05014, Woelki 2010 {\it Cellular Automata}, pp 637-645) the generating function is compared with the one for a possible 2nd-class particle dynamics for the parallel TASEP. It is shown that both become physically equivalent in the thermodynamic limit.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures
Great Britain Ministry of Information - Daily Press Notices and Bulletins (1942-08-17)
Creators: name: Great Britain. Ministry Of Information.
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 1942
Subjects: World War, 1939-1945 – Social aspects
World War, 1939-1945 -- History
World War II
Second World War
World War Two
Great Britain

description: From the UK National Archives: http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/theartofwar/inf3.htm “Formed on September 4th 1939, the day after Britain’s declaration of war, the Ministry of Information (MOI) was the central government department responsible for publicity and propaganda in the Second World War. The initial functions of the MOI were threefold: news and press censorship; home publicity; and oversees publicity in Allied and neutral countries”. This collection contains Press Notices and Bulletins published by the MOI between 1939-1945. The Press Notices and Bulletins are among many publications and films issued by the agency during the war.
SL(n,R)-Toda Black Holes
Creators: name: Lu, H.
name: Yang, Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider D-dimensional Einstein gravity coupled to (n-1) U(1) vector fields and (n-2) dilatonic scalars. We find that for some appropriate exponential dilaton couplings of the field strengths, the equations of motion for the static charged ansatz can be reduced to a set of one-dimensional SL(n,R) Toda equations. This allows us to obtain a general class of explicit black holes with mass and (n-1) independent charges. The near-horizon geometry in the extremal limit is AdS_2 x S^{D-2}. The n=2 case gives the Reissner-Nordstrom solution, and the n=3 example includes the Kaluza-Klein dyon. We study the global structure and the black hole thermodynamics and obtain the universal entropy product formula. We also discuss the characteristics of extremal multi-charge black holes that have positive, zero or negative binding energies.
description: Latex, 20 pages
Additional file 1 of Do the benefits continue? Long term impacts of the Anatomy Education Research Institute (AERI) 2017
Creators: name: Husmann, Polly R.
name: Brokaw, James J.
name: O’Loughlin, Valerie Dean
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Additional file 1. AERI 2017 focus group semi-structured protocol.
Additional file 3 of The effect of bed-to-nurse ratio on hospital mortality of critically ill children on mechanical ventilation: a nationwide population-based study
Creators: name: Minyoung Jung
name: Hyejeong Park
name: Danbee Kang
name: Park, Esther
name: Kyeongman Jeon
name: Chung, Chi Ryang
name: Yang, Jeong Hoon
name: Suh, Gee Young
name: Guallar, Eliseo
name: Juhee Cho
name: Cho, Joongbum
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 3: Table S2. Pearson correlation coefficients among hospital variables. Odds ratio for in-hospital Mortality of patients with mechanical ventilation in volume-stratified subgroups.
Countermeasure against tailored bright illumination attack for DPS-QKD
Creators: name: Honjo, Toshimori
name: Fujiwara, Mikio
name: Shimizu, Kaoru
name: Tamaki, Kiyoshi
name: Miki, Shigehito
name: Yamashita, Taro
name: Terai, Hirotaka
name: Wang, Zhen
name: Sasaki, Masahide
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a countermeasure against the so-call tailored bright illumination attacl dor Differential-Phase-Shift QKD (DPS-QKD). By Monitoring a rate of coincidence detection at a pair of superconducting nanowire single photon detectors (SSPDs) which is connected at each of the output ports of Bob's Mach-Zehnder interferometer, Alice and Bob can detect and defeat this kind of attack.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
The Limb Brightening and its Relationship with the Millimeter-wave Cavity
Creators: name: De la Luz, Victor
name: Chavez, Miguel
name: Bertone, Emanuele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Through a detailed theoretical analysis of the local emission at millimeter,sub-millimeter and infrared wavelength regimes (from \~ 10 GHz up to \~ 10 THz), we found that, associated with the temperature minimum, there is an optically thin cavity surrounded by two regions of high local emissivity. We call this structure the Chromospheric Solar Millimeter Cavity (CSMC). In order to search for traces of this cavity in the available radio observations on the solar limb, we have developed a robust method to associate the radiation at different heights with the observed brightness temperatures. We foresee that this approach will allow us to determine the relationship between the CSMC and the solar limb brightening.
description: conference: New Quests in Stellar Astrophysics III
Robust Design by Antioptimization for Parameter Tolerant GaAs/AlOx High Contrast Grating Mirror for VCSEL Application
Creators: name: Chevallier, Christyves
name: Genty, Frédéric
name: Fressengeas, Nicolas
name: Jacquet, Joel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A GaAs/AlOx high contrast grating structure design which exhibits a 99.5% high reflectivity for a 425nm large bandwidth is reported. The high contrast grating (HCG) structure has been designed in order to enhance the properties of mid-infrared VCSEL devices by replacing the top Bragg mirror of the cavity. A robust optimization algorithm has been implemented to design the HCG structure not only as an efficient mirror but also as a robust structure against the imperfections of fabrication. The design method presented here can be easily adapted for other HCG applications at different wavelengths.
description: (c) 2013 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other users, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works for resale or redistribution to servers or lists or reuse of any copyrighted components of this work in other works
The BinaMIcS project: binarity and magnetism
Creators: name: Neiner, C.
name: Alecian, E.
name: collaboration, the BinaMIcS
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the BinaMIcS project, its goals and the first BinaMIcS spectropolarimetric observations obtained with Narval at TBL and ESPaDOnS at CFHT: dedicated time-series for targeted hot and cool close double-line spectroscopic (SB2) binaries and a survey of hot close SB2 binaries. The very first results are also presented. In particular, our first survey observations seem to show a lack of magnetic fields in hot close binaries compared to single stars.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, proceedings of a conference held in Leuven (Belgium), in press
Photocrosslinked Biodegradable Fibrous Scaffolds with Tunable Properties for Tissue Engineering Applications
Creators: name: Vunjak-Novakovic, Gordana
name: Ifkovits, Jamie L.
name: Devlin, Jeffrey J.
name: Eng, George
name: Martens, Timothy P.
name: Burdick, Jason A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biomedical engineering

description: It is becoming increasingly apparent that the architecture and mechanical properties of scaffolds, particularly with respect to mimicking features of natural tissues, are important for tissue engineering applications. Acrylated poly(glycerol sebacate) (Acr-PGS) is a material that can be crosslinked upon exposure to ultraviolet light, leading to networks with tunable mechanical and degradation properties through simple changes during Acr-PGS synthesis. For example, the number of acrylate functional groups on the macromer dictates the concentration of crosslinks formed in the resulting network. Three macromers were synthesized that form networks that vary dramatically with respect to their tensile modulus (~30 kPa to 6.6 MPa) and degradation behavior (~20 to 100% mass loss at 12 weeks) based on the extent of acrylation (~1 to 24%). These macromers were processed into biodegradable fibrous scaffolds using electrospinning, with gelatin as a carrier polymer to facilitate fiber formation and cell adhesion. The resulting scaffolds were also diverse with respect to their mechanics (tensile modulus ranging from ~60 kPa to 1 MPa) and degradation (~45 to 70% mass loss by 12 weeks). Mesenchymal stem cell adhesion and proliferation on all fibrous scaffolds was indistinguishable from controls. The scaffolds showed similar diversity when implanted on the surface of hearts in a rat model of acute myocardial infarction and demonstrated a dependence on scaffold thickness and chemistry in the host response. In summary, these diverse scaffolds with tailorable chemical, structural, mechanical and degradation properties are potentially useful for the engineering of a wide range of soft tissues.
Characteristics of superconducting single photon detector in DPS-QKD system under bright illumination blinding attack
Creators: name: Fujiwara, Mikio
name: Honjo, Toshimori
name: Shimizu, Kaoru
name: Tamaki, Kiyoshi
name: Sasaki, Masahide
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive the time-dependent photo-detection probability equation of a superconducting single photon detector (SSPD) to study the responsive property for a pulse train at high repetition rate. Using this equation, we analyze the characteristics of SSPDs when illuminated by bright pulses in blinding attack on a quantum key distribution (QKD). We obtain good agreement between expected values based on our equation and actual experimental values. Such a time-dependent probability analysis contributes to security analysis.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures
Physico-mathematical foundations of relativistic cosmology
Creators: name: Soares, Domingos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I briefly present the foundations of relativistic cosmology, which are, General Relativity Theory and the Cosmological Principle. I discuss some relativistic models, namely, "Einstein static universe" and "Friedmann universes". The classical bibliographic references for the relevant tensorial demonstrations are indicated whenever necessary, although the calculations themselves are not shown.
description: 12 pages, no figure. Portuguese version published by Revista Brasileira de Ensino de Fisica (Brazilian Journal of Physics Teaching) at http://www.sbfisica.org.br/rbef/pdf/353302.pdf
Microgravity Studies of Cells and Tissues: from Mir to ISS
Creators: name: Vunjak-Novakovic, Gordana
name: Preda, Carmen
name: Bordonaro, Julie
name: Pellis, Neal
name: De Luis, Javier
name: Freed, Lisa E.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1999
Subjects: Biomedical engineering

description: In vitro studies of cells and tissues in microgravity, either simulated by cultivation conditions on earth or reduced by spaceflight, are essential for the identification of mechanisms underlying gravity sensing and transduction in biological organisms. In this paper, we review rotating bioreactor studies of engineered skeletal and cardiovascular tissues carried out in unit gravity, a Shuttle-Mir study of cartilage tissue engineering, and the ongoing development and testing of a Cell Culture Unit for cell and tissue cultivation aboard the ISS.
Great Britain Ministry of Information - Daily Press Notices and Bulletins (1942-08-18)
Creators: name: Great Britain. Ministry Of Information.
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 1942
Subjects: World War, 1939-1945 – Social aspects
World War, 1939-1945 -- History
World War II
Second World War
World War Two
Great Britain

description: From the UK National Archives: http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/theartofwar/inf3.htm “Formed on September 4th 1939, the day after Britain’s declaration of war, the Ministry of Information (MOI) was the central government department responsible for publicity and propaganda in the Second World War. The initial functions of the MOI were threefold: news and press censorship; home publicity; and oversees publicity in Allied and neutral countries”. This collection contains Press Notices and Bulletins published by the MOI between 1939-1945. The Press Notices and Bulletins are among many publications and films issued by the agency during the war.
Vascular Progenitor Cells Isolated from Human Embryonic Stem Cells
Creators: name: Vunjak-Novakovic, Gordana
name: Ferreira, Lino S.
name: Gerecht, Sharon
name: Shieh, Hester F.
name: Watson, Nicki
name: Rupnick, Maria A.
name: Dallabrida, Susan M.
name: Langer, Robert
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biomedical engineering

description: Invariant left-right (LR) patterning or chirality is critical for embryonic development. The loss or reversal of LR asymmetry is often associated with malformations and disease. Although several theories have been proposed, the exact mechanism of the initiation of the LR symmetry has not yet been fully elucidated. Recently, chirality has been detected within single cells as well as multicellular structures using several in vitro approaches. These studies demonstrated the universality of cell chirality, its dependence on cell phenotype, and the role of physical boundaries. In this review, we discuss the theories for developmental LR asymmetry, compare various in vitro cell chirality model systems, and highlight possible roles of cell chirality in stem cell differentiation. We emphasize that the in vitro cell chirality systems have great promise for helping unveil the nature of chiral morphogenesis in development.
Additional file 2 of Do the benefits continue? Long term impacts of the Anatomy Education Research Institute (AERI) 2017
Creators: name: Husmann, Polly R.
name: Brokaw, James J.
name: O’Loughlin, Valerie Dean
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Additional file 2. AERI 2017 30-month follow-up survey.
Additional file 1 of Toll-like receptor 2 downregulation and cytokine dysregulation predict mortality in patients with Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia
Creators: name: Nak-Hyun Kim
name: Sung, Ji Yeon
name: Choi, Yoon Jung
name: Choi, Su-Jin
name: Soyeon Ahn
name: Eunjeong Ji
name: Moonsuk Kim
name: Kim, Chung Jong
name: Kyoung-Ho Song
name: Pyoeng Gyun Choe
name: Park, Wan Beom
name: Eu Suk Kim
name: Park, Kyoung Un
name: Nam-Joong Kim
name: Myoung-Don Oh
name: Kim, Hong Bin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Table 1. Comparison of clinical characteristics of enrolled and unenrolled patients with Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia from March 2014 to April 2015. Supplementary Table 2. Relative TLR2 mRNA expression levels and cytokine concentrations within day 5 of Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia (SAB) based on early mortality (mortality within 7 d of SAB onset). Supplementary Fig. 1. Relative TLR2 mRNA expression levels relative to those of GAPDH mRNA among all patients. Supplementary Fig. 2. Relative TLR2 mRNA expression levels based on 30-d mortality.
On the observed duration distribution of gamma-ray bursts from collapsars
Creators: name: Lazzati, Davide
name: Villeneuve, Michelle
name: Lopez-Camara, Diego
name: Morsony, Brian
name: Perna, Rosalba
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The duration of the prompt emission of long gamma-ray bursts is generally considered to be fairly similar to the duration of the activity of the engine in the center of the progenitor star. Here, we investigate the relation between the duration of the engine activity and that of the observed light curve, using inputs from both numerical simulations and observations. We find that the observed burst duration is a good proxy for the engine duration after the time necessary for the jet to break out the star's surface is subtracted. However, the observed duration is a function of the viewing angle and can be significantly shorter than the duration of the engine activity. We also show that the observed, redshift-corrected burst duration evolves only moderately with redshift for both observations and synthetic light curves. We conclude that the broad distribution of the observed duration of long BATSE gamma-ray bursts is mostly accounted for by an engine lasting ~20 s, the dispersion being due to viewing and redshift effects. Our results do not rule out the existence of engines with very long duration. However, we find that they are constrained to be a small minority of the BATSE detected bursts.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS. One typo corrected in the abstract
Thailand: Financial Crisis of 1997
Creators: name: Bakhshi, Alveena
name: Roy, Dipak
name: Averyanova, Nataliya
name: Goh, Richard
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2002
Subjects: Finance

description: Thailand is widely considered to be where the Asian financial crises began. The examination reveals that Thailand's banking system was not equipped to handle the financial liberalization which began in 1989. And the appreciation of the US dollar against the Yen in 1996 led to the Currency and Banking Financial crises that followed.
Autologous Cell Therapies for Bone Tissue Regeneration
Creators: name: Vunjak-Novakovic, Gordana
name: Kregar-Velikonja, Nevenka
name: Krecic-Stres, Hana
name: Malicev, Elvira
name: Gantar, Danica
name: Krkovic, Matija
name: Senekovic, Vladimir
name: Rode, Matjaz
name: Knezevic, Miomir
name: Frohlich, Mirjam
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biomedical engineering

description: The healing potential of bone is sufficient to restore simple fractures, which are generally treated by standard conservative or surgical therapy. However, in some cases, reparative osteogenesis does not result in structural and functional recovery of the bone. Extended bone defects following trauma or cancer resection or non-unions of fractures may require more sophisticated treatment. In these cases, bone grafting procedures, segmental bone transport, distraction osteogenesis or biomaterials are applied for reconstruction.
Great Britain Ministry of Information - Daily Press Notices and Bulletins (1942-08-01)
Creators: name: Great Britain. Ministry Of Information.
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 1942
Subjects: World War, 1939-1945 – Social aspects
World War, 1939-1945 -- History
World War II
Second World War
World War Two
Great Britain

description: From the UK National Archives: http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/theartofwar/inf3.htm “Formed on September 4th 1939, the day after Britain’s declaration of war, the Ministry of Information (MOI) was the central government department responsible for publicity and propaganda in the Second World War. The initial functions of the MOI were threefold: news and press censorship; home publicity; and oversees publicity in Allied and neutral countries”. This collection contains Press Notices and Bulletins published by the MOI between 1939-1945. The Press Notices and Bulletins are among many publications and films issued by the agency during the war.
Great Britain Ministry of Information - Daily Press Notices and Bulletins (1942-08-19)
Creators: name: Great Britain. Ministry Of Information.
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 1942
Subjects: World War, 1939-1945 – Social aspects
World War, 1939-1945 -- History
World War II
Second World War
World War Two
Great Britain

description: From the UK National Archives: http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/theartofwar/inf3.htm “Formed on September 4th 1939, the day after Britain’s declaration of war, the Ministry of Information (MOI) was the central government department responsible for publicity and propaganda in the Second World War. The initial functions of the MOI were threefold: news and press censorship; home publicity; and oversees publicity in Allied and neutral countries”. This collection contains Press Notices and Bulletins published by the MOI between 1939-1945. The Press Notices and Bulletins are among many publications and films issued by the agency during the war.
High resolution study of the abundance pattern of the heavy elements in very metal-poor field stars
Creators: name: Spite, Monique
name: Spite, François
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The abundances of heavy elements in EMP stars are not well explained by the simple view of an initial basic "rapid" process. In a careful and homogeneous analysis of the "First stars" sample (eighty per cent of the stars have a metallicity [Fe/H]=-3.1$\pm$0.4), it has been shown that at this metallicity [Eu/Ba] is constant, and therefore the Eu-rich stars (generally called "r-rich") are also Ba-rich. The very large variation of [Ba/Fe] (existence of "r-poor" and "r-rich" stars) induces that the early matter was not perfectly mixed. On the other hand, the distribution of the values of [Sr/Ba] vs. [Ba/Fe] appears with well defined upper and lower envelopes. No star was found with [Sr/Ba]
description: 9 pages
An Exploration of GATS for Developing Countries: Impact of Financial Services on Financial System Stability
Creators: name: Bakhshi, Alveena
name: Averyasha, Nataliya
name: Loomba, Sonal
name: Nnadi, Sylvester
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2003
Subjects: Finance
Economics

description: This premise of this research is that trade policies vis a vis. GATS current modes has not provided 'fair access' to developing countries and the costs far outweigh the benefits. The trade policies for financial services per GATS are an important factor for countries to progress and develop but such policies are often neglected due to the weak relationship between financial services trade liberalization and macroeconomic indicators in developing countries. The research statistically evaluates whether a relationship exists between a developing country's commitment to openness in trade in financial services and its financial stability indicators. The results prove a strong relationship exists with FDI but not with other modes. We further deliberate upon the need for sequencing financial services trade liberalization to avoid incidence of financial crises.
Additional file 2 of Once is rarely enough: can social prescribing facilitate adherence to non-clinical community and voluntary sector health services? Empirical evidence from Germany
Creators: name: Golubinski, Veronika
name: Eva-Maria Wild
name: Winter, Vera
name: Schreyögg, Jonas
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2 : Appendix B provides additional information on our interactions analyses. Figure B: Interaction effect between social prescription and visit due to psychological concerns on return visits. Figure B: illustrated the interaction effect between social prescription and visit due to psychological concerns on return visits.
The Graviton Propagator with a Non-Conserved External Generating Source
Creators: name: Manoukian, E. B.
name: Sukkhasena, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A novel general expression is obtained for the graviton propagator from Lagrangian field theory by taking into account the necessary fact that in the functional differential approach of quantum field theory, in order to generate non-linearities in gravitation and interactions with matter, the external source $T_{μν}$, coupled to the gravitational field, should \textit{a priori} not be conserved $\partial^μT_{μν}\neq 0$, so variations with respect to its ten components may be varied \textit{independently}. The resulting propagator is the one which arises in the functional approach and does \textit{not} coincide with the corresponding time-ordered product of two fields and it includes so-called Schwinger terms. The quantization is carried out in a gauge corresponding to physical states with two polarization states to ensure positivity in quantum applications.
description: 12 pages
Additional file 3 of Do the benefits continue? Long term impacts of the Anatomy Education Research Institute (AERI) 2017
Creators: name: Husmann, Polly R.
name: Brokaw, James J.
name: O’Loughlin, Valerie Dean
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Additional file 3. AERI 2017 6-month follow-up survey.
Crystallization Dynamics on Curved Surfaces
Creators: name: Garcia, Nicolas A.
name: Register, Richard A.
name: Vega, Daniel A.
name: Gomez, Leopoldo R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the evolution from a liquid to a crystal phase in two-dimensional curved space. At early times, while crystal seeds grow preferentially in regions of low curvature, the lattice frustration produced in regions with high curvature is rapidly relaxed through isolated defects. Further relaxation involves a mechanism of crystal growth and defect annihilation where regions with high curvature act as sinks for the diffusion of domain walls. The pinning of grain boundaries at regions of low curvature leads to the formation of a metastable structure of defects, characterized by asymptotically slow dynamics of ordering and activation energies dictated by the largest curvatures of the system. These glassy-like ordering dynamics may completely inhibit the appearance of the ground state structures.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. E
Micropatterning of Cells Reveals Chiral Morphogenesis
Creators: name: Vunjak-Novakovic, Gordana
name: Guirguis, Mark
name: Ronaldson, Kacey
name: Wan, Leo Q.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biomedical engineering

description: Invariant left-right (LR) patterning or chirality is critical for embryonic development. The loss or reversal of LR asymmetry is often associated with malformations and disease. Although several theories have been proposed, the exact mechanism of the initiation of the LR symmetry has not yet been fully elucidated. Recently, chirality has been detected within single cells as well as multicellular structures using several in vitro approaches. These studies demonstrated the universality of cell chirality, its dependence on cell phenotype, and the role of physical boundaries. In this review, we discuss the theories for developmental LR asymmetry, compare various in vitro cell chirality model systems, and highlight possible roles of cell chirality in stem cell differentiation. We emphasize that the in vitro cell chirality systems have great promise for helping unveil the nature of chiral morphogenesis in development.
Characteristics of scalar dispersion in turbulent-channel flow
Creators: name: del Alamo, Juan C.
name: Jimenez, Javier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dispersion of a passive scalar by wall turbulence, in the limit of infinite Peclet number, is analyzed using frozen velocity fields from the DNS by our group. The Lagrangian trajectories of fluid particles in those fields are integrated and used to compute the first and second-order moments of the distribution of fluid-particle displacements. It is shown that the largest scales in the flow dominate turbulent diffusion, and the computed dispersions are in good agreement with measurements in the atmospheric boundary layer. This agreement can be understood noting that the life times of the large strucutures are much longer than the time scale of the transition from linear to Gaussian particle spreading in the cross-stream plane. Numerical experiments performed computing the Lagrangian trajectories in reference frames moving at different velocities suggest that this transition is controlled by the difference between the mean streamwise velocity and the phase speed of the large-scale structures of the cross-stream velocities. In the streamwise direction, the effect of the mean shear dominates and produces elongated scalar patches, with dispersion exponents which are different from the transverse ones.
Additional file 1 of Real-world data for precision public health of noncommunicable diseases: a scoping review
Creators: name: Canfell, Oliver J.
name: Kodiyattu, Zack
name: Eakin, Elizabeth
name: Burton-Jones, Andrew
name: Wong, Ides
name: Macaulay, Caroline
name: Sullivan, Clair
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Information Systems
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 1. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) Checklist.
Great Britain Ministry of Information - Daily Press Notices and Bulletins (1942-08-20)
Creators: name: Great Britain. Ministry Of Information.
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 1942
Subjects: World War, 1939-1945 – Social aspects
World War, 1939-1945 -- History
World War II
Second World War
World War Two
Great Britain

description: From the UK National Archives: http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/theartofwar/inf3.htm “Formed on September 4th 1939, the day after Britain’s declaration of war, the Ministry of Information (MOI) was the central government department responsible for publicity and propaganda in the Second World War. The initial functions of the MOI were threefold: news and press censorship; home publicity; and oversees publicity in Allied and neutral countries”. This collection contains Press Notices and Bulletins published by the MOI between 1939-1945. The Press Notices and Bulletins are among many publications and films issued by the agency during the war.