cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Inverse Faraday effect in massive Dirac electrons
Creators: name: Qu, Guanxiong
name: Tatara, Gen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the inverse Faraday effect (IFE) in a Dirac Hamiltonian with random impurities using Keldysh formalism and diagrammatic perturbation theory. The mass term in the Dirac Hamiltonian is essential for IFE, where the spin magnetic moment induced by circularly polarized light is proportional to the frequency of the incident light within the THz regime. For massive Dirac electrons, the corrections due to short-range impurities on spin magnetic moment vertex exhibits mixing of the spin magnetic moment vertex and spin angular momentum vertex. The spin magnetic density response is divergently enhanced by the vertex corrections near the band edge, indicting a long-range diffusion of spin density profile in massive Dirac electrons.
description: 4 pages;2 figures
Outputs and modified subroutines simulations CFD-DEM intrusion in mush
Creators: name: Carrara, Alexandre
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Magma
Mush
Intrusion
Numerical simulation

description: This deposit contains the output files and modified subroutines of CFD-DEM simulations of the intrusion of fresh magma into mush using the MFIX software.
description: Funding from National Science Foundation grants EAR-1950113, DGE-1256068, EAR-1447266
The Thermodynamic Transitions of Antiferromagnetic Ising Model on the Fractional Multi-branched Husimi Recursive Lattice
Creators: name: Huang, Ran
name: Chen, Chong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The multi-branched Husimi recursive lattice has been extended to a virtual structure with fractional numbers of branches joined on one site. Although the lattice is undrawable in real space, the concept is consistent with regular Husimi lattice. The Ising spins of antiferromagnetic interaction on such a sets of lattices were calculated to check the critical temperatures ($T_{c}$) and ideal glass transition temperatures ($T_{k}$) variation with fractional branch numbers. Besides the similar results of two solutions representing the stable state (crystal) and metastable state (supercooled liquid) and indicating the phase transition temperatures, the phase transitions show a well-defined shift with branch number variation. Therefore the fractional branch number as a parameter can be used as an adjusting tool in constructing a recursive lattice model to describe real systems.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures
Manipulating non-Hermitian skin effect via electric fields
Creators: name: Peng, Yi
name: Jie, Jianwen
name: Yu, Dapeng
name: Wang, Yucheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In non-Hermitian systems, the phenomenon that the bulk-band eigenstates are accumulated at the boundaries of the systems under open boundary conditions is called non-Hermitian skin effect (NHSE), which is one of the most iconic and important features of a non-Hermitian system. In this work, we investigate the fate of NHSE in the presence of electric fields by analytically calculating the dynamical evolution of an initial bulk state and numerically computing the spectral winding number, the distributions of eigenstates, as well as the dynamical evolutions. We show abundant manipulation effects of dc and ac fields on the NHSE, and that the physical mechanism behind these effects is the interplay between the Stark localization, dynamic localization and the NHSE. In addition, the finite size analysis of the non-Hermitian system with a pure dc field shows the phenomenon of size-dependent NHSE. We further propose a scheme to realize the discussed model based on an electronic circuit. The results will help to deepen the understanding of NHSE and its manipulation.
Kinetics of hydrodynamic pions in chiral perturbation theory
Creators: name: Torres-Rincon, Juan M.
name: Teaney, Derek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We determine the kinetic coefficients of ultrasoft pions using chiral perturbation theory at finite temperature close to the chiral limit. This is used to compute the axial charge diffusion and damping coefficients in the hydrodynamic effective theory for these pion waves. We show that to provide a leading order answer for these coefficients one needs to explore the dynamics of hard, soft, and ultrasoft pion modes, which are represented microscopically by the appropriate kinetic and hydrodynamic descriptions..
description: 30.5 pages, 7 figures. Generalization to arbitrary number of flavors, by considering pion-pion scattering in SU(N) instead of SU(2). Explanations and extra references added. Accepted for publication in Physical Review D journal
title: Einfluss von Iso-α-Säuren auf die LPS-induzierte Immunantwort in verschiedenen Modellsystemen
Creators: name: Janevski, Julia
Year: 2023

description: Bakterielle Infekte zählen zu den häufigsten Todesursachen weltweit und stellen ein globales Gesundheitsproblem dar. Die Erforschung von Naturstoffen, welche befähigt sind, bakterielle Infekte vorzubeugen und zu behandeln, ist daher von Interesse. Die antiinflammatorische Wirkung der aus dem Hopfen gewonnenen Iso-α-Säuren wurde bereits in einigen Untersuchungen nachgewiesen. Ob diese Wirkung auch beim Konsum von ernährungsphysiologisch relevanten IAA-Konzentrationen auftritt, wie lange diese anhält und welche Mechanismen hierbei von Bedeutung sind, ist bisher noch nicht geklärt und sollte im Rahmen dieser Masterarbeit untersucht werden. Die humanen Daten zeigen, dass IAA einen Einfluss auf die LPS-vermittelte Immunantwort in Monozyten von gesunden, normalgewichtigen Menschen haben, indem sie die LPS-induzierte Freisetzung von TNF-α, IL-6 und IL-1β, im Vergleich zum Placebo, hemmen. 1-2 Stunden nach der oralen Aufnahme konnte der stärkste Effekt beobachtet werden. In vitro konnte die LPS-induzierte Nitrit-Freisetzung im J774A.1 Zellüberstand dosisabhängig gehemmt werden. Die Vorinkubation mit Pioglitazon zeigte für die Freisetzung von IL-1β und Nitrit nach 18-stündiger LPS-Stimulation eine leichte Tendenz, die Wirkung von IAA zu reduzieren. Diese Tendenz konnte auch durch die Prä-Inkubation mit Anisomycin für die Freisetzung von TNF-α nach 6-stündiger sowie Nitrit nach 18-stündiger LPS-Stimulation beobachtet werden. Nachdem sich die humanen Daten ausschließlich auf eine Probandin beziehen, benötigt es zukünftig noch mehr Untersuchungen in einer größeren Stichprobe. Zudem waren die meisten in vitro Ergebnisse für Pioglitazon und Anisomycin nicht signifikant, weswegen weitere Untersuchungen mit unterschiedlichen Bedingungen durchgeführt werden müssen, um herauszufinden, ob IAA ihre protektive Wirkung durch die Blockierung von p38 entfalten und ob die Aktivität von PPARγ2 dadurch reguliert wird.
Probabilistic chip-collecting games with modulo winning conditions
Creators: name: Harrington, Joshua
name: Hua, Xuwen
name: Liu, Xufei
name: Nash, Alex
name: Rios, Rodrigo
name: Wong, Tony W. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C81

description: Let $a$, $b$, and $n$ be integers with $0
title: Advancing LGBTQ+ Safety and Inclusion: Understanding the Lived Experiences and Health Needs of Sexuality and Gender Diverse People in Greater Western Sydney
Creators: name: Robinson, Kerry
name: Townley, Cris
name: Ullman, Jacqueline
name: Denson, Nida
name: Davies, Cristyn
name: Bansel, Peter
name: Atkinson, Michael
name: Lambert, Sarah
Publisher: name: Western Sydney University
Year: 2020

description: This scoping research was an exploration of the lived experiences of LGBTQ+ people, of the issues they encounter in relation to access to services in the region, and of best practice service provision to sexuality and gender diverse communities in Western Sydney. The research participants included LGBTQ+ community leaders and members as well as key service providers from relevant organisations in Western Sydney.  This mixed method research included both quantitative and qualitative approaches: an online survey targeting LGBTQ+ community members living in Western Sydney, focus groups with LGBTQ+ community leaders in Western Sydney, and focus groups with key relevant service providers from organisations in Western Sydney.
The research found that LGBTQ+ people reported significantly higher levels of distress than the Australian population generally, particularly trans and gender diverse participants. The majority of participants reported witnessing racism, and participants from CALD backgrounds were significantly less likely to feel safe and included in their own homes. Access to welcoming, inclusive, culturally safe services in Western Sydney was a high priority for LGBTQ+ community members and leaders, with healthcare services of utmost importance. Service providers identified that many people and organisations do not have the knowledge, understanding and expertise to address the needs of LGBTQ+ community members, especially those with CALD, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander identities. Lack of social connections and feelings of isolation were common experiences among members of diverse LGBTQ+ communities. A range of recommendations are made to develop culturally aware health, social and community services for sexuality and gender diverse people, and to build the capacity of LGBTQ+ community groups in Western Sydney.
Antideuteron Limits on Decaying Dark Matter with a Tuned Formation Model
Creators: name: Dal, L. A.
name: Raklev, A. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the production of antideuterons from decaying dark matter, using gravitinos in supersymmetric models with trilinear R-parity violating (RPV) operators as an example. The model used for antideuteron formation is shown to induce large uncertainties in the predicted flux, comparable to uncertainties from cosmic-ray propagation models. We improve on the formation model by tuning hadronization and coalesence parameters in Monte Carlo simulations to better reproduce the hadron spectra relevant for antideuteron production. In light of current bounds on fluxes and future prospects from the AMS-II and GAPS experiments we set limits on RPV couplings as a function of the gravitino mass.
description: Updated; corresponds to version published in Phys. Rev. D. 14 pages, 9 figures
Flexible domain prediction using mixed effects random forests
Creators: name: Krennmair, Patrick
name: Schmid, Timo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper promotes the use of random forests as versatile tools for estimating spatially disaggregated indicators in the presence of small area-specific sample sizes. Small area estimators are predominantly conceptualized within the regression-setting and rely on linear mixed models to account for the hierarchical structure of the survey data. In contrast, machine learning methods offer non-linear and non-parametric alternatives, combining excellent predictive performance and a reduced risk of model-misspecification. Mixed effects random forests combine advantages of regression forests with the ability to model hierarchical dependencies. This paper provides a coherent framework based on mixed effects random forests for estimating small area averages and proposes a non-parametric bootstrap estimator for assessing the uncertainty of the estimates. We illustrate advantages of our proposed methodology using Mexican income-data from the state Nuevo León. Finally, the methodology is evaluated in model-based and design-based simulations comparing the proposed methodology to traditional regression-based approaches for estimating small area averages.
description: Working Paper
A hidden life of Peregrine's soliton: rouge waves in the oceanic depths
Creators: name: Yurova, Alla
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Although the Peregrine-type solutions of the nonlinear Schödinger equation have long been associated mainly with the infamous "rouge waves" on the surface of the ocean, they might have a much more interesting role in the oceanic depths; in this article we show that these solutions play an important role in the evolution of the intrathermocline eddies, also known as the "oceanic lenses". In particular, we show that the collapse of a lens is determined by the particular generalization of the Peregrine soliton -- so called exultons -- of the nonlinear Schrödinger equation. In addition, we introduce a new mathematical method of construction of a vortical filament (a frontal zone of a lens) from a known one by the Darboux transformation.
description: 10 pages. Fixed typos, expanded and revised Sections II and III. Added the Conclusion and Acknowledgment. Added the new references
REGIONAL DETERMINANTS OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION DEVELOPMENT IN POLAND
Creators: name: BENEDYKT PEPLIŃSKI
name: BENEDYKT PEPLIŃSKI
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: regional development
subject: crop production
subject: livestock production
subject: productivity
subject: spatial concentration

description: The aim of the analysis was to determine changes in the level of spatial concentration of production in Poland in the years 1990-2020. The analysis includes output and commodity production, the production of basic agricultural raw materials, the livestock of cattle, cows, pigs, hens and animals converted to LU, and changes in the level of yield and milk yield of cows. The study used data from the Central Statistical Office and the Local Data Bank. In order to limit short-term variability, especially in crop production, five-year averages for the beginning and end of the period were used in most of the analyses. The analysis was carried out for the currently binding administrative division including 16 voivodships. The research has shown large changes in the spatial distribution of agricultural production in Poland. First of all, the Wielkopolskie Voivodship gained in the production of agricultural raw materials, as it increased its share in the majority of plant and animal agricultural products, the Mazowieckie Voivodship, which specialized in animal production (except pork), and the Podlaskie Voivodship, with the production of milk and beef livestock, developed above average. On the other hand, the importance of voivodeships from South-Eastern Poland decreased, as animal production was marginalised, and plant production declined as a result of the greater exclusion of land from agricultural production and a higher decline in crop yield. In the case of the provinces of Western Poland, there was also a significant reduction in the livestock production, but the importance of that region in crop production increased, mainly due to a higher-than-average increase in crop yield in Poland.
LIBRSB: Journey from PhD By-product to universally usable Sparse Linear Algebra Library
Creators: name: Martone, Michele
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: sparse matrix
spmv
LIBRSB
Sparse BLAS
Octave
Python
HPC
OpenMP
BLAS
RSE
RSB

description: I will tell you the history of LIBRSB. What started almost as a joke, grew into a reusable fruit of my PhD experience and my longest-running professional project. LIBRSB served as laboratory for my experimentation, maturing at once into both a cookbook and at times, a pot of code smells. A journey between PhD goals and non-goals, chasing chimerae and best practices, driven by a passion for free software at the service of science. I will describe the context around LIBRSB and share some valuable lessons learnt.Orthogonal to the goals of the talk, but fundamental to know: LIBRSB is a 100KLOC-heavy HPC library for shared memory-parallel sparse matrix computations. It works in most of the programming languages for numerical computing.
La Sociedad Abakua Enigmas y realidades di Ediel Gonzales Herrera, Ediciones Extramuros, La Habana, 2017
Creators: name: Campani, Giovanna
Publisher: name: Comparative Cultural Studies - European and Latin American Perspectives
Year: 2018

description: Comparative Cultural Studies - European and Latin American Perspectives, Vol 3 No 6 (2018)
ronswanson: Building Table Models for 3ML
Creators: name: Burgess, J. Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: `ronswanson` provides a simple-to-use framework for building so-called table or template models for `astromodels`the modeling package for multi-messenger astrophysical data-analysis framework, `3ML`. With `astromodels` and `3ML` one can build the interpolation table of a physical model result of an expensive computer simulation. This then enables efficient reevaluation of the model while, for example, fitting it to a dataset. While `3ML` and `astromodels` provide factories for building table models, the construction of pipelines for models that must be run on high-performance computing (HPC) systems can be cumbersome. `ronswanson` removes this complexity with a simple, reproducible templating system. Users can easily prototype their pipeline on multi-core workstations and then switch to a multi-node HPC system. `ronswanson` automatically generates the required `Python` and `SLURM` scripts to scale the execution of `3ML` with `astromodel`'s table models on an HPC system.
description: 3 pages. Accepted for publication in JOSS
Quantifying the Unexpected: a scientific approach to Black Swans
Creators: name: De Marzo, Giordano
name: Gabrielli, Andrea
name: Zaccaria, Andrea
name: Pietronero, Luciano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many natural and socio-economic systems are characterized by power-law distributions that make the occurrence of extreme events not negligible. Such events are sometimes referred to as Black Swans, but a quantitative definition of a Black Swan is still lacking. Here, by leveraging on the properties of Zipf-Mandelbrot law, we investigate the relations between such extreme events and the dynamics of the upper cutoff of the inherent distribution. This approach permits a quantification of extreme events and allows to classify them as White, Grey, or Black Swans. Our criterion is in accordance with some previous findings, but also allows us to spot new examples of Black Swans, such as Lionel Messi and the Turkish Airline Flight 981 disaster. The systematic and quantitative methodology we developed allows a scientific and immediate categorization of rare events, providing also new insight into the generative mechanism behind Black Swans.
Werteorientierungen von Lehrkräften mit und ohne Migrationshintergrund im Vergleich
Creators: name: Ova, Aylin
name: Stein, Margit
name: Zimmer, Veronika
Publisher: name: PraxisForschungLehrer*innenBildung. Zeitschrift für Schul- und Professionsentwicklung.
Year: 2020

description: Im Rahmen der vorliegenden Studie wurden insgesamt 51 Lehrkräfte mit und ohne Migrationshintergrund in qualitativ vertiefenden Interviews zu ihren Werteüberzeugungen und Erziehungsmaximen befragt. Gesellschaftspolitisch werden mit Lehrkräften mit Migrationshintergrund hohe Erwartungen verknüpft, da u.a. postuliert wird, dass sie auf Grund geteilter sprachlicher Kompetenzen und Werteüberzeugungen als Brückenbauer zur migrantischen Schülerschaft und deren Eltern fungieren könnten. Lehrkräfte mit Migrationshintergrund sind erst seit kurzem Gegenstand wissenschaftlicher Forschungen – zumeist wurde erfasst, wie sie mit den an sie gestellten Erwartungen umgehen und ob sie Rassismen und Vorurteile gegenüber ihrer Person wahrnehmen. Die vorliegende Studie deckt auf, dass sich die Werteorientierungen von Lehrkräften mit und ohne Migrationshintergrund kaum unterscheiden, was auf geteilte sozialisatorische Bedingungen der zumeist bereits in Deutschland aufgewachsenen Lehrkräfte sowie geteilte sozioökonomische Bedingungen zurückgeführt wird.
description: PraxisForschungLehrer*innenBildung. Zeitschrift für Schul- und Professionsentwicklung., Vol. 2 No. 1 (2020): PraxisForschungLehrer*innenBildung – Ausgabe 2
Hybrid Recommendation System for Islamic Dari-Textual Information Context using Machine Learning and AI
Creators: name: Sedeqi, Mojeeb Rahman
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Islam religion
Islamic Textual Information
Deep Learning
AI
Neural Networks
Recommendation Systems
Information System
Assembling Methods
Data Preprocessing

description: Life in the world of massive data is too challenging. Although, more information is good but few relevant information brings better decision, quality, and simplicity in life. Islam's religion has considerable amount of important textual information in the format of books and papers in all areas of life. Therefore, through modern technology, personalizing and prioritizing information retrieval or filtering techniques should be used. And by utilizing of these techniques, we can effectively overcome the information overload problem. Implementation of all aforementioned techniques in a single system and develop a compact pipeline of data is called recommendation system (RS). In this case we developed five individual RS models such as (Content-based, Sequence-based, Deep Neural Network collaborative filtering: DNN CF Model, DNN CF plus descriptive attributes Model and finally popularity-based) with the capability of 10 ways to individually generate recommendation, and 45 possible ways to combine two RS together to improve power of their final recommendation which is called hybridization or assembling Methods. Finally, evaluation of our individual trained models and weighted hybridized forms are done on our mini dataset, as well as on 100K movielens global dataset.  In this research, we have sufficient overview of Islamic Information context and fields of knowledge.
A far-IR view of the starburst driven superwind in NGC 2146
Creators: name: Kreckel, K.
name: Armus, L.
name: Groves, B.
name: Lyubenova, M.
name: Diaz-Santos, T.
name: Schinnerer, E.
name: Appleton, P.
name: Croxall, K. V.
name: Dale, D. A.
name: Hunt, L. K.
name: Beirao, P.
name: Bolatto, A. D.
name: Calzetti, D.
name: Meyer, J. Donovan
name: Draine, B. T.
name: Hinz, J.
name: Kennicutt, R. C.
name: Meidt, S.
name: Murphy, E. J.
name: Smith, J. D. T.
name: Tabatabaei, F. S.
name: Walter, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: NGC 2146, a nearby luminous infrared galaxy (LIRG), presents evidence for outflows along the disk minor axis in all gas phases (ionized, neutral atomic and molecular). We present an analysis of the multi-phase starburst driven superwind in the central 5 kpc as traced in spatially resolved spectral line observations, using far-IR Herschel PACS spectroscopy, to probe the effects on the atomic and ionized gas, and optical integral field spectroscopy to examine the ionized gas through diagnostic line ratios. We observe an increased ~250 km/s velocity dispersion in the [OI] 63 micron, [OIII] 88 micron, [NII] 122 micron and [CII] 158 micron fine-structure lines that is spatially coincident with high excitation gas above and below the disk. We model this with a slow ~200 km/s shock and trace the superwind to the edge of our field of view 2.5 kpc above the disk. We present new SOFIA 37 micron observations to explore the warm dust distribution, and detect no clear dust entrainment in the outflow. The stellar kinematics appear decoupled from the regular disk rotation seen in all gas phases, consistent with a recent merger event disrupting the system. We consider the role of the superwind in the evolution of NGC 2146 and speculate on the evolutionary future of the system. Our observations of NGC 2146 in the far-IR allow an unobscured view of the wind, crucial for tracing the superwind to the launching region at the disk center, and provide a local analog for future ALMA observations of outflows in high redshift systems.
description: 16 pages, 13 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Two-color soliton meta-atoms and molecules: supplemental material
Creators: name: Melchert, Oliver
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Nonlinear optics
Optical solitons
Photonic meta-atoms
Two-color soliton molecules
Resonant radiation

description: Supplemental material consisting of movies that demonstrate the propagation dynamics of several types of two-color pulse compounds.
On the unitarity and low energy expansion of the Coon amplitude
Creators: name: Figueroa, Felipe
name: Tourkine, Piotr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Coon amplitude is a deformation of the Veneziano amplitude with logarithmic Regge trajectories and an accumulation point in the spectrum, which interpolates between string theory and field theory. With string theory, it is the only other solution to duality constraints explicitly known and it constitutes an important data point in the modern S-matrix bootstrap. Yet, its basics properties are essentially unknown. In this paper we fill this gap and derive the conditions of positivity and the low energy expansion of the amplitude. On the positivity side, we discover that the amplitude switches from a regime where it is positive in all dimensions to a regime with critical dimensions, that connects to the known $d = 26, 10$ when the deformation is removed. En passant, we find that the Veneziano amplitudes can be extended to massive scalars of masses up to $m^2 = 1/3$, where it has critical dimension 6.3. On the low-energy side, we compute the first few coupligs of the theory in terms of $q$-deformed analogues of the standard Riemann zeta values of the string expansion. We locate their location in the EFT-hedron, and find agreement with a recent conjecture that theories with accumulation points populate this space. We also discuss their relation to low spin dominance.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures
title: Numeriek model Zeeschelde en tijgebonden zijrivieren: hindcast stormen eind januari en februari 2022
Creators: name: Coen, Leen
name: Nossent, Jiri
Publisher: name: Flanders Hydraulics Research
Year: 2022

description: Title : WL Rapporten. Waterbouwkundig Laboratorium: Antwerpen. Volume : 22_034_1 Issue : Pagination : XIII, 67 + 68 p. bijl.
Searching for Chameleon Dark Energy with Mechanical Systems
Creators: name: Betz, J.
name: Manley, J.
name: Wright, E. M.
name: Grin, D.
name: Singh, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A light scalar field framework of dark energy, sometimes referred to as quintessence, introduces a fifth force between normal matter objects. Screening mechanisms, such as the chameleon model, allow the scalar field to be almost massless on cosmological scales while simultaneously evading laboratory constraints. We explore the ability of mechanical systems available in the near term to directly detect the fifth force associated with chameleon dark energy. We provide analytical expressions for the weakest accessible chameleon model parameters in terms of experimentally tunable variables and apply our analysis to two mechanical systems: levitated microspheres and torsion balances, showing that the current generation of these experiments have the sensitivity to rule out a significant portion of the proposed chameleon parameter space. We also indicate regions of theoretically well-motivated chameleon parameter space to guide future experimental work.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures
Anomalous Nernst effect in La0.5Ca0.5Coo3
Creators: name: Ghosh, A.
name: Manikandan, M.
name: Mahendiran, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the occurrence of the anomalous Nernst effect (ANE) in polycrystalline perovskite La0.5Ca0.5CoO3. The sample is ferromagnetic below TC = 147 K and resistivity shows non-metallic behavior above and below the TC with only a small negative magnetoresistance (~2%) around TC. Field dependence of magnetization at 10 K shows large hysteresis with a coercive field of 6 kOe but a small magnetization ~ 0.64 Bohr magneton/Co even in a field of 50 kOe, which indicates the presence of magnetically heterogeneous ground state consisting of ferromagnetic and non-ferromagnetic phases. The field dependence of the Nernst thermopower (Sxy) at low temperatures shows complete saturation but the magnetization does not. This indicates that the ANE in La0.5Ca0.5CoO3 depends only on the transport properties of the ferromagnetic phase, while it is not affected by the non-ferromagnetic phase. Due to the higher value of remnant Sxy, the magnetized polycrystalline sample exhibits ANE in absence of an external magnetic field.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
A Minimal Model for Massive Neutrinos in Newtonian N-body Simulations
Creators: name: Heuschling, Pol
name: Partmann, Christian
name: Fidler, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a novel method for including the impact of massive neutrinos in cold dark matter N-body simulations. Our approach is compatible with widely employed Newtonian N-body codes and relies on only three simple modifications. First, we use commonly employed backscaling initial conditions, based on the cold dark matter plus baryon power spectrum instead of the total matter power spectrum. Second, the accurate Hubble rate is employed in both the backscaling and the evolution of particles in the N-body code. Finally, we shift the final particle positions in a post-processing step to account for the integrated effect of neutrinos on the particles in the simulation. However, we show that the first two modifications already capture most of the relevant neutrino physics for a large range of observationally interesting redshifts and scales. The output of the simulations are the cold dark matter and baryon distributions and can be analysed using standard methods. All modifications are simple to implement and do not generate any computational overhead. By implementing our methods in the N-body codes GADGET and gevolution, we show that any state-of-the-art Newtonian N-body code can be utilised out of the box. Our method is also compatible with higher order Lagrangian perturbation theory initial conditions and accurate for combined neutrino masses of up to at least 0.3 eV. Being formulated in relativistic gauge theory, in addition to including the impact of massive neutrinos, our method further includes relativistic corrections relevant on the large scales for free.
description: 26 pages 6 figures
Inverse magnetic catalysis in the (2+1)-flavor Nambu--Jona-Lasinio and Polyakov--Nambu--Jona-Lasinio models
Creators: name: Ferreira, M.
name: Costa, P.
name: Lourenço, O.
name: Frederico, T.
name: Providência, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The QCD phase diagram at zero chemical potential and finite temperature subject to an external magnetic field is studied within the three flavor Nambu--Jona-Lasinio (NJL) model and the NJL model with the Polyakov loop (PNJL). A scalar coupling parameter dependent on the magnetic field intensity is considered. The scalar coupling has been fitted so that the lattice QCD pseudocritical chiral transition temperatures are reproduced and in the limit of large magnetic field decreases with the inverse of the magnetic field intensity. This dependence of the coupling allows to reproduce the lattice QCD results with respect to the quark condensates and Polyakov loop: due to the magnetic field the quark condensates are enhanced at low and high temperatures and suppressed for temperatures close to the transition temperatures and the Polyakov loop increases with the magnetic field.
description: 9 pages,12 figures; PRD version
Sequential measurements for quantum-enhanced magnetometry in spin chain probes
Creators: name: Montenegro, Victor
name: Jones, Gareth Siôn
name: Bose, Sougato
name: Bayat, Abolfazl
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum sensors outperform their classical counterparts in their estimation precision, given the same amount of resources. So far, quantum-enhanced sensitivity has been achieved by exploiting the superposition principle. This enhancement has been obtained for particular forms of entangled states, adaptive measurement basis change, critical many-body systems, and steady-state of periodically driven systems. Here, we introduce a different approach to obtain quantum-enhanced sensitivity in a many-body probe through utilizing the nature of quantum measurement and its subsequent wave-function collapse without demanding prior entanglement. Our protocol consists of a sequence of local measurements, without re-initialization, performed regularly during the evolution of a many-body probe. As the number of sequences increases, the sensing precision is enhanced beyond the standard limit, reaching the Heisenberg bound asymptotically. The benefits of the protocol are multi-fold as it uses a product initial state and avoids complex initialization (e.g. prior entangled states or critical ground states) and allows for remote quantum sensing.
description: 4 pages main text + 7 Supplemental Material. Comments and suggestions are welcome!
The Future of Dispute Resolution in International (Agricultural) Trade
Creators: name: Sheldon, Ian
name: Chow, Daniel C.K.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Dairy Farming
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: WTO
subject: PTAs
subject: USMCA
subject: dispute resolution

description: In a forthcoming paper, Chow and Sheldon (2024) conclude that US challenge(s) to Canada’s dairy tariff rate quotas (TRQs), under the US-Mexico-Canada (USMCA) preferential trade agreement’s (PTA) dispute resolution mechanism, are really a “fuss about nothing”, and no more than a response to lobbying by its dairy industry. However, this conclusion misses the possibility that the United States, in its enthusiasm for using the USMCA mechanism, is revealing a key component of its approach to settlement of trade disputes. In this context, the current paper focuses on answering two related questions: (i) are proponents of reviving the World Trade Organization’s (WTO) Appellate Body acting in the vain hope of securing US support for its reform; and (ii), has the United States irrevocably moved on by creating and using parallel dispute resolution mechanisms in US-led PTAs, that can be used to revolve WTO-type disputes as well as specific PTA disputes?
Electrostatics of liquid interfaces
Creators: name: Matyushov, Dmitry V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The standard Maxwell formulation of the problem of polarized dielectrics suffers from a number of difficulties, both conceptual and practical. These difficulties are particularly significant in the case of liquid interfaces, where the ability of the interfacial multipoles to change their orientations to minimize their free energies leads to interfacial polarization localized within a thin microscopic layer. A formalism to capture this physical reality of localized interfacial polarization is proposed and is based on the surface charge as the source of microscopic electric fields in dielectrics. The surface charge density incorporates the local structure of the interface into electrostatic calculations. The corresponding surface susceptibility and interface dielectric constant provide local closures to the electrostatic boundary value problem. A robust approach to calculate the surface susceptibility from numerical simulations is proposed. The susceptibility can alternatively be extracted from a number of solution experiments, in particular those sensitive to the overall dipole moment of a closed dielectric surface. The theory is applied to the solvent-induced spectral shift and high-frequency dielectric response of solutions.
Searching exotic Higgs bosons at the LHC
Creators: name: Bhattacharyya, Gautam
name: Dwivedi, Siddharth
name: Ghosh, Dilip Kumar
name: Saha, Gourab
name: Sarkar, Subir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyse in a model independent way the possibilities of digging out neutral exotic Higgs states, should they exist endowed with unconventional couplings with ordinary matter and gauge fields, at the 14 TeV run of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), adding some comparative studies for 13.6 and 13 TeV runs. Flavor models, based on some discrete symmetry groups, with extended scalar sectors are known to yield exotic spin-0 states, both CP-even and CP-odd, with purely flavor off-diagonal Yukawa couplings. The gauge interaction of one such CP-even state is also unusual that, unlike the Standard Model Higgs boson, it does not couple to gauge boson pairs. Such unconventional properties immune these exotic states from receiving traditional collider and electroweak constraints, and hence those states could be light. Without committing to any specific model, exploiting their peculiar Yukawa and gauge properties, we explore the discovery potential of those exotic Higgs states through some interesting topologies by figuring out some specific kinematic variables that suppress the backgrounds.
description: 1+23 pages, 8 captioned figures: v2: Discussions on scalar and pseudoscalar Yukawa couplings in the light of D-D(bar) mixing included; v3: 1+24 pages, 11 captioned figures, more benchmark points studied including systematic uncertainties in a new Section with additional figures and tables. Minor change in manuscript title. Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D
SN 2018bsz: a Type I superluminous supernova with aspherical circumstellar material
Creators: name: Pursiainen, M.
name: Leloudas, G.
name: Paraskeva, E.
name: Cikota, A.
name: Anderson, J. P.
name: Angus, C. R.
name: Brennan, S.
name: Bulla, M.
name: Camacho-Iñiguez, E.
name: Charalampopoulos, P.
name: Chen, T. -W.
name: Mancheño, M. Delgado
name: Fraser, M.
name: Frohmaier, C.
name: Galbany, L.
name: Gutiérrez, C. P.
name: Gromadzki, M.
name: Inserra, C.
name: Maund, J.
name: Müller-Bravo, T. E.
name: Torres, S. Muñoz
name: Nicholl, M.
name: Onori, F.
name: Patat, F.
name: Pessi, P. J.
name: Roy, R.
name: Spyromilio, J.
name: Wiseman, P.
name: Young, D. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a spectroscopic analysis of Type I superluminous supernova (SLSN-I), SN 2018bsz. While it closely resembles SLSNe-I, the multi-component H$α$ line appearing at $\sim30$ d post-maximum is the most atypical. The H$α$ is characterised by two emission components, one at $+3000$ km/s and a second at $-7500$ km/s, with a third, near-zero velocity component appearing after a delay. The blue and central components can be described by Gaussian profiles of intermediate width, but the red component is significantly broader and Lorentzian. The blue component evolves towards lower velocity before fading at $100$ d post-peak, concurrently with a light curve break. Multi-component profiles are observed in other hydrogen lines including Pa$β$, and in lines of Ca II and He I. Spectropolarimetry obtained before (10.2 d) and after (38.4 d) the appearance of the H lines show a large shift on the Stokes $Q$ -- $U$ plane consistent with SN 2018bsz undergoing radical changes in its geometry. Assuming the SN is almost unpolarised at 10.2 d, the continuum polarisation at 38.4 d reaches $P \sim1.8\%$ implying a highly asymmetric configuration. We propose that the observed evolution of SN 2018bsz can be explained by highly aspherical CSM. After the SN explosion, the CSM is quickly overtaken by the ejecta, but as the photosphere starts to recede, the different CSM regions re-emerge producing the peculiar line profiles. Based on the first appearance of H$α$, we can constrain the distance of the CSM to be less than $430$ AU, or even lower ($<87$ AU) if the pre-peak plateau is related to an eruption that created the CSM. The presence of CSM has been inferred for other SLSNe-I. However, it is not clear whether the rare properties of SN 2018bsz can be generalised for SLSNe-I or whether they are the result of an uncommon evolutionary path, possibly involving a binary companion.
description: Accepted to A&A on 22/06/2022
Progress towards an improved particle flow algorithm at CMS with machine learning
Creators: name: Mokhtar, Farouk
name: Pata, Joosep
name: Duarte, Javier
name: Wulff, Eric
name: Pierini, Maurizio
name: Vlimant, Jean-Roch
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The particle-flow (PF) algorithm, which infers particles based on tracks and calorimeter clusters, is of central importance to event reconstruction in the CMS experiment at the CERN LHC, and has been a focus of development in light of planned Phase-2 running conditions with an increased pileup and detector granularity. In recent years, the machine learned particle-flow (MLPF) algorithm, a graph neural network that performs PF reconstruction, has been explored in CMS, with the possible advantages of directly optimizing for the physical quantities of interest, being highly reconfigurable to new conditions, and being a natural fit for deployment to heterogeneous accelerators. We discuss progress in CMS towards an improved implementation of the MLPF reconstruction, now optimized using generator/simulation-level particle information as the target for the first time. This paves the way to potentially improving the detector response in terms of physical quantities of interest. We describe the simulation-based training target, progress and studies on event-based loss terms, details on the model hyperparameter tuning, as well as physics validation with respect to the current PF algorithm in terms of high-level physical quantities such as the jet and missing transverse momentum resolutions. We find that the MLPF algorithm, trained on a generator/simulator level particle information for the first time, results in broadly compatible particle and jet reconstruction performance with the baseline PF, setting the stage for improving the physics performance by additional training statistics and model tuning.
description: 7 pages, 4 Figures, 1 Table
Sub-Kelvin refrigeration with dry-coolers on a rotating system
Creators: name: Oguri, S.
name: Ishitsuka, H.
name: Choi, J.
name: Kawai, M.
name: Tajima, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We developed a cryogenic system on a rotating table that achieves sub-Kelvin conditions. The cryogenic system consists of a helium sorption cooler and a pulse tube cooler in a cryostat mounted on a rotating table. Two rotary-joint connectors for electricity and helium gas circulation enable the coolers to be operated and maintained with ease. We performed cool-down tests under a condition of continuous rotation at 20 rpm. We obtained a temperature of 0.23 K with a holding time of more than 24 hours, thus complying with catalog specifications. We monitored the system's performance for four weeks; two weeks with and without rotation. A few-percent difference in conditions was observed between these two states. Most applications can tolerate such a slight difference. The technology developed is useful for various scientific applications requiring sub-Kelvin conditions on rotating platforms.
description: 3pages, 4 figures, to appear in Review of Scientific Instruments
A framework for quantifying the value of vibration-based structural health monitoring
Creators: name: Kamariotis, Antonios
name: Chatzi, Eleni
name: Straub, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The difficulty in quantifying the benefit of Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) for decision support is one of the bottlenecks to an extensive adoption of SHM on real-world structures. In this paper, we present a framework for such a quantification of the value of vibration-based SHM, which can be flexibly applied to different use cases. These cover SHM-based decisions at different time scales, from near-real time diagnostics to the prognosis of slowly evolving deterioration processes over the lifetime of a structure. The framework includes an advanced model of the SHM system. It employs a Bayesian filter for the tasks of sequential joint deterioration state-parameter estimation and structural reliability updating, using continuously identified modal and intermittent visual inspection data. It also includes a realistic model of the inspection and maintenance decisions throughout the structural life-cycle. On this basis, the Value of SHM is quantified by the difference in expected total life-cycle costs with and without the SHM. We investigate the framework through application on a numerical model of a two-span bridge system, subjected to gradual and shock deterioration, as well as to changing environmental conditions, over its lifetime. The results show that this framework can be used as an a-priori decision support tool to inform the decision on whether or not to install a vibration-based SHM system on a structure, for a wide range of SHM use cases.
title: Umgang mit Terminologien in interorganisationaler Krisenkooperation — eine explorative Empirie
Creators: name: Reuter, Christian
name: Pohl, Patrik
name: Pipek, Volkmar
Publisher: name: De Gruyter
Year: 2023

description: Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es, die Auswirkungen terminologischer Mehrdeutigkeiten, d.h. unterschiedlicher Begriffs-Verständnisse heterogener Akteursgruppen, auf die Gestaltung organisationsübergreifender Kooperationssysteme herauszustellen. Nach einer Darstellung theoretischer Ansätze des Umgangs mit Terminologien stellen wir unsere explorative empirische Studie, die wir am Beispiel des organisationsübergreifenden Krisenmanagements durchgeführt haben, vor. Hierauf aufbauend präsentieren wir unsere Befunde, leiten Anforderungen ab und schlagen technische Lösungen vor. Auch diskutieren wir Ansätze des Terminologiemanagements bezüglich ihrer Anwendbarkeit und stellen kooperative Ansätze zum Umgang mit Terminologien in interorganisationalen Kooperationssystemen vor.