cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Markov chain Monte Carlo searches for Galactic binaries in Mock LISA Data Challenge 1B data sets
Creators: name: Trias, Miquel
name: Vecchio, Alberto
name: Veitch, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We are developing a Bayesian approach based on Markov chain Monte Carlo techniques to search for and extract information about white dwarf binary systems with the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA). Here we present results obtained by applying an initial implementation of this method to some of the data sets released in Round 1B of the Mock LISA Data Challenges. For Challenges 1B.1.1a and 1b the signals were recovered with parameters lying within the 95.5% posterior probability interval and the correlation between the true and recovered waveform is in excess of 99%. Results were not submitted for Challenge 1B.1.1c due to some convergence problems of the algorithms, despite this, the signal was detected in a search over a 2 mHz band.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures, 12th GWDAW (Gravitational Wave Data Analysis Workshop). Accepted for publication in CQG
Identification of Pagasianodon gigas, P. hypophthalmus and their hybrids using amplified fragment length polymorphism markers
Creators: name: Kriangsak Mengumphan
name: Nantaporn Sutthi
name: Doungporn Amornlerdpisan
name: Supamit Mekchay
Publisher: name: Maejo University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Pagasianodon gigas,P. hypophthalmus,Pangasiid catfish,AFLP markers,species identification,F1 hybrid,F2 hybrid

description: 3, 8, Maejo International Journal of Science and Technology
Protective coordination of main and backup overcurrent relays with different operating modes of active superconducting current controller
Creators: name: Ghafari, Ahmad
name: Razaz, Morteza
name: Ghodratollah Seifossadat
name: Soreshjani, Mohsen Hosseinzadeh
Publisher: name: Maejo University
Year: 2014
Subjects: current controller,fault current limiters,main and backup protection,overcurrent relay,power distribution system,superconducting devices

description: 3, 8, Maejo International Journal of Science and Technology
FiEstAS sampling -- a Monte Carlo algorithm for multidimensional numerical integration
Creators: name: Ascasibar, Yago
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper describes a new algorithm for Monte Carlo integration, based on the Field Estimator for Arbitrary Spaces (FiEstAS). The algorithm is discussed in detail, and its performance is evaluated in the context of Bayesian analysis, with emphasis on multimodal distributions with strong parameter degeneracies. Source code is available upon request.
description: 18 pages, 3 figures, submitted to Comp. Phys. Comm
Cholesterol Enhances Breast Cancer Progression Through PI3K-Independent Akt Activation.
Creators: name: Kim, Hoon kee
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2024

description: Emerging evidence suggests cholesterol plays a crucial role in cancer development, yet the specific molecular mechanisms connecting cholesterol to cancer progression remain unclear. The study described in this thesis reveals that a higher level of cholesterol accumulates in the inner leaflet of the plasma membrane (IPM) in breast cancer cells compared to normal cells. For example, in inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) cells, the IPM cholesterol level is significantly higher than in primary mammary cells. This elevated cholesterol directly interacts with the Pleckstrin homology (PH) domain of Akt1 and Akt2, leading to their translocation and activation, which is independent of Class I phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K). The cholesterol-induced activation of Akt regulates all known major downstream signaling pathways. Unlike PI3K-activated Akt, cholesterol-activated Akt exhibit kinase-independent scaffolding activity, which is crucial for the phosphorylation of GSK3α and FoxO3a, enhancing cell proliferation, survival, and treatment resistance. A specific small molecule inhibitor EJK3-7 was found to effectively block cholesterol-mediated activation of Akt and its scaffolding activity. EJK3-7 significantly inhibites the PI3K-independent oncogenic activity of IBC cells, which conventional Akt inhibitors could not achieve. Importantly, EJK3-7 did not affect the canonical PI3K-Akt signaling in normal mammary cells. These findings suggest a previously unknown mechanism that links the role of cholesterol to breast cancer progression and treatment resistance. This new role of cholesterol can be exploited for developing a novel therapeutic approach targeting cholesterol-mediated oncogenic signaling, which will be advantages over treatments targeting cholesterol biosynthesis or traditional kinase inhibitor treatments.
Analytical Investigation on 2-D Unsteady MHD Viscoelastic Flow between Moving Parallel Plates Using RVIM and HPM
Creators: name: Alireza AZIMI, Mohammadreza AZIMI
Publisher: name: Walailak University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Approximate solution, MHD viscoelastic flow, moving parallel plates, Homotopy Perturbation Method, Reconstruction of Variational Iteration Method

description: 11, 11, Walailak Journal of Science and Technology
Fluctuations of the one-dimensional asymmetric exclusion process using random matrix techniques
Creators: name: Sasamoto, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The studies of fluctuations of the one-dimensional Kardar-Parisi-Zhang universality class using the techniques from random matrix theory are reviewed from the point of view of the asymmetric simple exclusion process. We explain the basics of random matrix techniques, the connections to the polynuclear growth models and a method using the Green's function.
description: 41 pages, 10 figures, minor corrections, references added
An Analytic Study on Time-Fractional Fisher Equation using Homotopy Perturbation Method
Creators: name: Xindong ZHANG, Juan LIU
Publisher: name: Walailak University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Time-fractional Fishers equation, homotopy perturbation method, Caputo fractional derivative

description: 11, 11, Walailak Journal of Science and Technology
Ultimate fate of apparent horizons during a binary black hole merger I: Locating and understanding axisymmetric marginally outer trapped surfaces
Creators: name: Booth, Ivan
name: Hennigar, Robie A.
name: Pook-Kolb, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In classical numerical relativity, marginally outer trapped surfaces (MOTSs) are the main tool to locate and characterize black holes. For five decades it has been known that during a binary merger, a new outer horizon forms around the initial apparent horizons of the individual holes once they are sufficiently close together. However the ultimate fate of those initial horizons has remained a subject of speculation. Recent axisymmetric studies have shed new light on this process and this pair of papers essentially completes that line of research: we resolve the key features of the post-swallowing axisymmetric evolution of the initial horizons. This first paper introduces a new shooting-method for finding axisymmetric MOTSs along with a reinterpretation of the stability operator as the analogue of the Jacobi equation for families of MOTSs. Here, these tools are used to study exact solutions and initial data. In the sequel paper they are applied to black hole mergers.
description: 19 pages, 10 figures
A dense micro-cluster of Class 0 protostars in NGC 2264 D-MM1
Creators: name: Teixeira, Paula S.
name: Zapata, Luis A.
name: Lada, Charles J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present sensitive and high angular resolution (~1") 1.3 mm continuum observations of the dusty core D-MM1 in the Spokes cluster in NGC 2264 using the Submillimeter Array. A dense micro-cluster of seven Class 0 sources was detected in a 20" x 20" region with masses between 0.4 to 1.2 solar masses and deconvolved sizes of about 600 AU. We interpret the 1.3 mm emission as arising from the envelopes of the Class 0 protostellar sources. The mean separation of the 11 known sources (SMA Class 0 and previously known infrared sources) within D-MM1 is considerably smaller than the characteristic spacing between sources in the larger Spokes cluster and is consistent with hierarchical thermal fragmentation of the dense molecular gas in this region.
description: Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal Letters
A Portmanteau Test for Correlation in Short Panels
Creators: name: Jochmans, Koen
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2018
Subjects: fixed effects
panel data
statistical power
serial correlation
test

description: Inoue and Solon (2006, A Portmanteau test for serially correlated errors in fixed effects models, Econometric Theory 22, 835-851) presented an elegant approach to test for serial correlation of arbitrary form in fixed-effect models for short panel data. Their approach requires the choice of a regularization parameter that may severely affect the power of the test and for which no optimal selection rule is available. We present a modified version of their test that uses strictly more information and does not require any regularization parameter. Monte Carlo simulations are provided to illustrate the power gains of our procedure.
Ursula K. Le Guin : the utopias and dystopias of The dispossessed and Always coming come
Creators: name: Clark, Edith Ilse Victoria
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The thesis deals with the Utopian and dystopian aspects of Ursula K. Le Guin's The Dispossessed and Always Coming Home. To provide a basis for comparison with the endeavours of previous utopists, the first part is devoted to a historical account of literary Utopias, and to an examination of the signposts of the genre. This history is restricted to practical blueprints for the ideal commonwealth and excludes creations of pure fantasy. In tracing Utopian development from Plato to Wells, the influence of historical events and the mainstreams of thought, such as Renaissance humanism, the Reformation, the rising importance of science, the discovery of new lands, the Enlightenment, Locke's Theory of Perfectability, Bentham's utilitarianism, the Industrial Revolution, socialism, the French Revolution, Darwinism, and the conflict between capital and labour is demonstrated. It is also shown how the long-range results of the Russian Revolution and the two world wars shattered all Utopian visions, leading to the emergence of the dystopia, and how the author reversed this negative trend in the second part of the twentieth century. In a study of forms of Utopian presentation, the claim is made that The Dispossessed features the first Utopia that qualifies as a novel: not only does the author break with the genre's tradition of subordinating the characters to the proposal, she also creates the conflict necessary for novelistic structure by juxtaposing her positive societies with negative ones. In part two, the Utopias and dystopias of both books are examined, and their features compared to previous endeavours in the genre. The observation is made that although the author favours anarchism as a political theory, she is more deeply committed to the Chinese philosophy of Taoism, seeing in its ideals the only way to a harmonious and just existence for all. In order to prove her point, Le Guin renders her Utopias less than perfect, placing one society into an inhospitable environment and showing the other as suffering from genetic damage; this suggests that the ideal life does not rest in societal organization or beneficent surroundings, but in the minds of the inhabitants: this frame of mind—if not inherent in a culture—can be achieved by living in accordance with the tao. Lastly, an effort is made to determine the anthropological models upon which Utopian proposals are constructed. The theory is put forth that all non-governed, egalitarian Utopias represent a return to the societal arrangements of early man, when his communities were still small and decentralized, and before occupational specialization began to set in; that all democratic forms of government are taken from the Greek examples, that More's Utopia might well have been modelled on the Athenian clans of the pre-Cleisthenes era, and that the Kesh society of Always Coming Home is based exclusively on the kinship systems of the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest.
Higgs and Z-boson FCNC decays correlated with B-meson decays in littlest Higgs model with T-parity
Creators: name: Han, Xiao-Fang
name: Wang, Lei
name: Yang, Jin Min
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the littlest Higgs model with T-parity (LHT) new flavor-changing interactions between mirror fermions and the Standard Model (SM) fermions can induce various FCNC decays for B-mesons, Z-boson and Higgs boson. Since all these decays induced in the LHT model are correlated, we in this work perform a collective study for these decays, namely the Z-boson decay Z -> b s_bar, the Higgs boson decay h -> b s_bar, and the B-meson decays B -> X_s γ, B_s -> μ^+μ^- and B -> X_s μ^+ μ^-. We find that under the current experimental constraints from the B-decays, the branching ratios of both Z -> b s_bar and h -> b s_bar can still deviate from the SM predictions significantly. In the parameter space allowed by the B-decays, the branching ratio of Z -> b s_bar can be enhanced to 10^{-7} (about one order above the SM prediction) while h -> b s_bar can be much suppressed relative to the SM prediction (about one order below the SM prediction).
description: 13 pages, 3 figures
Multiperiodicity in the newly discovered mid-late Be star V2104 Cygni
Creators: name: Uytterhoeven, K.
name: Poretti, E.
name: Rodriguez, E.
name: De Cat, P.
name: Mathias, P.
name: Telting, J. H.
name: Costa, V.
name: Miglio, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We obtained the first long, homogenous time-series of V2104Cyg, consisting of 679 datapoints, with the uvbybeta photometers of Sierra Nevada and San Pedro Martir Observatories with the aim to detect and subsequently interpret the intrinsic frequencies of this previously unstudied variable star, which turned out to be a Be star. We try to figure out its place among the variable B stars on the upper Main Sequence. In order to obtain additional information on physical parameters we collected a few spectra with the ELODIE and FIES instruments. We searched for frequencies in the uvby passbands using 2 different frequency analysis methods and used the S/N>4 criterion to select the significant periodicities. We obtained an estimate of the physical parameters of the underlying B star of spectral type between B5 and B7, by correcting for the presence of a circumstellar disk, using a formalism based on the strenght of the Halpha line emission. We detected 3 independent frequencies with amplitudes below 0.01mag, f1 = 4.7126 c/d, f2 = 2.2342 c/d and f3 = 4.671 c/d, and discovered that V2104Cyg is a Be star. The fast rotation (vsini=290+/-10 km/s, and 27
description: 7 pages, 4 figures, A&A accepted
Phase structure of a surface model with many fine holes
Creators: name: Koibuchi, Hiroshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the phase structure of a surface model by using the canonical Monte Carlo simulation technique on triangulated, fixed connectivity, and spherical surfaces with many fine holes. The size of a hole is assumed to be of the order of lattice spacing (or bond length) and hence can be negligible compared to the surface size in the thermodynamic limit. We observe in the numerical data that the model undergoes a first-order collapsing transition between the smooth phase and the collapsed phase. Moreover the Hasudorff dimension H remains in the physical bound, i.e., H<3 not only in the smooth phase but also in the collapsed phase at the transition point. The second observation is that the collapsing transition is accompanied by a continuous transition of surface fluctuations. This second result distinguishes the model in this paper and the previous one with many holes, whose size is of the order of the surface size, because the previous surface model with large-sized holes has only the collapsing transition and no transition of surface fluctuations.
description: 8 pages, 13 figures
A Survey on the Classical Limit of Quantum Dynamical Entropies
Creators: name: Cappellini, Valerio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 81Q50 (Primary); 37N20, 46L99, 81Q20, 37D20, 81R30 (Secondary)

description: We analyze the behavior of quantum dynamical entropies production from sequences of quantum approximants approaching their (chaotic) classical limit. The model of the quantized hyperbolic automorphisms of the 2-torus is examined in detail and a semi-classical analysis is performed on it using coherent states, fulfilling an appropriate dynamical localization property. Correspondence between quantum dynamical entropies and the Kolmogorov-Sinai invariant is found only over time scales that are logarithmic in the quantization parameter.
description: LaTeX, 21 pages, Presented at the 3rd Workshop on Quantum Chaos and Localization Phenomena, Warsaw, Poland, May 25-27, 2007
Scoping Review Protocol - Men's perceptions regarding prostate cancer radiation therapy.pdf
Creators: name: Brown, Amy
name: Yim, Jackie
name: Jones, Scott
name: Tan, Alex
name: Callander, Emily
name: Watt, Kerrianne
name: De Abreu Lourenco, Richard
name: Pain, Tilley
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 111208 Radiation Therapy
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: This scoping review detailed in this protocol will assess the breadth of the literature on men’s perceptions regarding prostate cancer radiation therapy. Evidence from this review will be important in identifying gaps in knowledge of patient perception and health literacy so that future research can be undertaken to inform prostate cancer radiation therapy.
The Nonperturbative Quantum de Sitter Universe
Creators: name: Ambjorn, J.
name: Goerlich, A.
name: Jurkiewicz, J.
name: Loll, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dynamical generation of a four-dimensional classical universe from nothing but fundamental quantum excitations at the Planck scale is a long-standing challenge to theoretical physicists. A candidate theory of quantum gravity which achieves this goal without invoking exotic ingredients or excessive fine-tuning is based on the nonperturbative and background-independent technique of Causal Dynamical Triangulations. We demonstrate in detail how in this approach a macroscopic de Sitter universe, accompanied by small quantum fluctuations, emerges from the full gravitational path integral, and how the effective action determining its dynamics can be reconstructed uniquely from Monte Carlo data. We also provide evidence that it may be possible to penetrate to the sub-Planckian regime, where the Planck length is large compared to the lattice spacing of the underlying regularization of geometry.
description: Article unchanged. Line added in acknowledgment
Evidence for ferromagnetic spin-pairing superconductivity in UGe$_2$: A $^{73}$Ge-NQR study under pressure
Creators: name: Harada, A.
name: Kawasaki, S.
name: Mukuda, H.
name: Kitaoka, Y.
name: Haga, Y.
name: Yamamoto, E.
name: Onuki, Y.
name: Itoh, K. M.
name: Haller, E. E.
name: Harima, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report that a novel type of superconducting order parameter has been realized in the ferromagnetic states in UGe$_2$ via $^{73}$Ge nuclear-quadrupole-resonance (NQR) experiments performed under pressure ($P$). Measurements of the nuclear spin-lattice relaxation rate $(1/T_1)$ have revealed an unconventional nature of superconductivity such that the up-spin band is gapped with line nodes, but the down-spin band remains gapless at the Fermi level. This result is consistent with that of a ferromagnetic spin-pairing model in which Cooper pairs are formed among ferromagnetically polarized electrons. The present experiment has shed new light on a possible origin of ferromagnetic superconductivity, which is mediated by ferromagnetic spin-density fluctuations relevant to the first-order transition inside the ferromagnetic states.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
Scoping Review Protocol - Men's perceptions regarding prostate cancer radiation therapy.pdf
Creators: name: Brown, Amy
name: Yim, Jackie
name: Jones, Scott
name: Tan, Aex
name: Callander, Emily
name: Watt, Kerrianne
name: De Abreu Lourenco, Richard
name: Pain, Tilley
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 111208 Radiation Therapy
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: This scoping review detailed in this protocol will assess the breadth of the literature on men’s perceptions regarding prostate cancer radiation therapy. Evidence from this review will be important in identifying gaps in knowledge of patient perception and health literacy so that future research can be undertaken to inform prostate cancer radiation therapy.
Algebra-based Synthesis of Loops and their Invariants (Invited Paper)
Creators: name: Humenberger, Andreas
name: Kovacs, Laura
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Provably correct software is one of the key challenges in our softwaredriven society. While formal verification establishes the correctness of a given program, the result of program synthesis is a program which is correct by construction. In this paper we overview some of our results for both of these scenarios when analysing programs with loops. The class of loops we consider can be modelled by a system of linear recurrence equations with constant coefficients, called C-finite recurrences. We first describe an algorithmic approach for synthesising all polynomial equality invariants of such non-deterministic numeric single-path loops. By reverse engineering invariant synthesis, we then describe an automated method for synthesising program loops satisfying a given set of polynomial loop invariants. Our results have applications towards proving partial correctness of programs, compiler optimisation and generating number sequences from algebraic relations. This is a preprint that was invited for publication at VMCAI 2021.
Infinitely many solution for prescribed curvature problem on $S^N$
Creators: name: Wei, Juncheng
name: Yan, Shusen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35B20

description: We consider the following prescribed scalar curvature problem on $ S^N$ (*)$$\left\{\begin{array}{l} - Δ_{S^N} u + \frac{N(N-2)}{2} u = \tilde{K} u^{\frac{N+2}{N-2}} {on} S^N, u >0 \end{array}\right. $$ where $ \tilde{K}$ is positive and rotationally symmetric. We show that if $\tilde{K}$ has a local maximum point between the poles then equation (*) has {\bf infinitely many non-radial positive} solutions, whose energy can be made arbitrarily large.
description: 40 pages
Differential expression analysis for sequence count data via mixtures of negative binomials
Creators: name: Bonafede, Elisabetta <1987>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2015
Subjects: SECS-S/01 Statistica

description: The recent advent of Next-generation sequencing technologies has revolutionized the way of analyzing the genome. This innovation allows to get deeper information at a lower cost and in less time, and provides data that are discrete measurements.
One of the most important applications with these data is the differential analysis, that is investigating if one gene exhibit a different expression level in correspondence of two (or more) biological conditions (such as disease states, treatments received and so on).
As for the statistical analysis, the final aim will be statistical testing and for modeling these data the Negative Binomial distribution is considered the most adequate one especially because it allows for "over dispersion". However, the estimation of the dispersion parameter is a very delicate issue because few information are usually available for estimating it. Many strategies have been proposed, but they often result in procedures based on plug-in estimates, and in this thesis we show that this discrepancy between the estimation and the testing framework can lead to uncontrolled first-type errors.
We propose a mixture model that allows each gene to share information with other genes that exhibit similar variability. Afterwards, three consistent statistical tests are developed for differential expression analysis. We show that the proposed method improves the
sensitivity of detecting differentially expressed genes with respect to the common procedures, since it is the best one in reaching the nominal value for the first-type error, while keeping elevate power. The method is finally illustrated on prostate cancer RNA-seq data.
Exploring the Effects of AI-assisted Emotional Support Processes in Online Mental Health Community
Creators: name: Shin, Donghoon
name: Park, Subeen
name: Kim, Esther Hehsun
name: Kim, Soomin
name: Seo, Jinwook
name: Hong, Hwajung
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Social support in online mental health communities (OMHCs) is an effective and accessible way of managing mental wellbeing. In this process, sharing emotional supports is considered crucial to the thriving social supports in OMHCs, yet often difficult for both seekers and providers. To support empathetic interactions, we design an AI-infused workflow that allows users to write emotional supporting messages to other users' posts based on the elicitation of the seeker's emotion and contextual keywords from writing. Based on a preliminary user study (N = 10), we identified that the system helped seekers to clarify emotion and describe text concretely while writing a post. Providers could also learn how to react empathetically to the post. Based on these results, we suggest design implications for our proposed system.
description: Accepted at CHI 2022 (Late-Breaking Work)
Ultimate fate of apparent horizons during a binary black hole merger II: Horizons weaving back and forth in time
Creators: name: Pook-Kolb, Daniel
name: Booth, Ivan
name: Hennigar, Robie A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this second part of a two-part paper, we discuss numerical simulations of a head-on merger of two non-spinning black holes. We resolve the fate of the original two apparent horizons by showing that after intersecting, their world tubes "turn around" and continue backwards in time. Using the method presented in the first paper to locate these surfaces, we resolve several such world tubes evolving and connecting through various bifurcations and annihilations. This also draws a consistent picture of the full merger in terms of apparent horizons, or more generally, marginally outer trapped surfaces (MOTSs). The MOTS stability operator provides a natural mechanism to identify MOTSs which should be thought of as black hole boundaries. These are the two initial ones and the final remnant. All other MOTSs lie in the interior and are neither stable nor inner trapped.
description: 23 pages, 23 figures
Micro-Macro Duality and Emergence of Macroscopic Levels
Creators: name: Ojima, Izumi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The mutual relation between quantum Micro and classical Macro is clarified by a unified formulation of instruments describing measurement processes and the associated amplification processes, from which some perspective towards a description of emergence processes of spacetime structure is suggested.
description: An invited talk at an International Symposium QBIC 2007
Ion dynamics and coherent structure formation following laser pulse self-channeling
Creators: name: Macchi, Andrea
name: Bigongiari, Alessandra
name: Ceccherini, Francesco
name: Cornolti, Fulvio
name: Liseikina, Tatiana V.
name: Borghesi, Marco
name: Kar, Satyabrata
name: Romaganani, Lorenzo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The propagation of a superintense laser pulse in an underdense, inhomogeneous plasma has been studied numerically by two-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations on a time scale extending up to several picoseconds. The effects of the ion dynamics following the charge-displacement self-channeling of the laser pulse have been addressed. Radial ion acceleration leads to the ``breaking'' of the plasma channel walls, causing an inversion of the radial space-charge field and the filamentation of the laser pulse. At later times a number of long-lived, quasi-periodic field structures are observed and their dynamics is characterized with high resolution. Inside the plasma channel, a pattern of electric and magnetic fields resembling both soliton- and vortex-like structures is observed.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures (visit http://www.df.unipi.it/~macchi to download a high-resolution version), to appear in Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion (Dec. 2007), special issue containing invited papers from the 34th EPS Conference on Plasma Physics (Warsaw, July 2007)
Voluntary income increasing accounting changes : theory and further empirical investigation
Creators: name: Coulombe, Daniel
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This thesis presents a three step analysis of voluntary income increasing accounting changes. We first propose a theory as to why managers would elect to modify their reporting strategy. This theory builds on research on the economic factors motivating accounting choices, since it is assumed that accounting choices are a function of political costs, manager's compensation plans and debt constraints. Specifically, we claim that adversity motivates the manager to effect an income increasing accounting change. Secondly, the thesis proposes a theoretical analysis of the potential market responses to a change announcement. The stock price effect of a change announcement is examined as a function of investors' rational anticipations of the manager's reporting actions and as a function of the level of information about adversity that investors may have prior to a change announcement. An empirical analysis is presented in the third step of this thesis. Our empirical findings are that: 1- Change announcements, on average, have no significant impact on the market. 2- Relative to the Compustat population as a whole, firms that voluntarily adopt income increasing accounting changes exhibit symptoms of financial distress, suggesting that such change announcements are associated with financial adversity. 3- Firms which voluntarily adopt income increasing accounting changes tend to exhibit symptoms of financial distress one or more years prior to the change year, suggesting that change announcements tend not to be a timely source of information conveying distress to the market. 4- There is a significant negative association between investors' proxies for prior information about adversity and the market impact of the change, especially for the subset of firms with above average leverage, suggesting that the information content of the accounting change signal is inversely related to investors prior information about adversity. The empirical results thus support the view that investors, at the time a change occurs, have information about the prevailing state of the world, and that they have rational anticipations with respect to the manager's reporting behavior. In this respect, the accounting change is, on average, an inconsequential signal that adds little to what investors already knew before the change announcement.
Unsplit superconducting and time reversal symmetry breaking transitions in Sr$_2$RuO$_4$ under hydrostatic pressure and disorder
Creators: name: Grinenko, Vadim
name: Das, Debarchan
name: Gupta, Ritu
name: Zinkl, Bastian
name: Kikugawa, Naoki
name: Maeno, Yoshiteru
name: Hicks, Clifford W.
name: Klauss, Hans-Henning
name: Sigrist, Manfred
name: Khasanov, Rustem
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There is considerable evidence that the superconducting state of Sr$_2$RuO$_4$ breaks time reversal symmetry. In the experiments showing time reversal symmetry breaking its onset temperature, $T_\text{TRSB}$, is generally found to match the critical temperature, $T_\text{c}$, within resolution. In combination with evidence for even parity, this result has led to consideration of a $d_{xz} \pm id_{yz}$ order parameter. The degeneracy of the two components of this order parameter is protected by symmetry, yielding $T_\text{TRSB} = T_\text{c}$, but it has a hard-to-explain horizontal line node at $k_z=0$. Therefore, $s \pm id$ and $d \pm ig$ order parameters are also under consideration. These avoid the horizontal line node, but require tuning to obtain $T_\text{TRSB} \approx T_\text{c}$. To obtain evidence distinguishing these two possible scenarios (of symmetry-protected versus accidental degeneracy), we employ zero-field muon spin rotation/relaxation to study pure Sr$_2$RuO$_4$ under hydrostatic pressure, and Sr$_{1.98}$La$_{0.02}$RuO$_4$ at zero pressure. Both hydrostatic pressure and La substitution alter $T_\text{c}$ without lifting the tetragonal lattice symmetry, so if the degeneracy is symmetry-protected $T_\text{TRSB}$ should track changes in $T_\text{c}$, while if it is accidental, these transition temperatures should generally separate. We observe $T_\text{TRSB}$ to track $T_\text{c}$, supporting the hypothesis of $d_{xz} \pm id_{yz}$ order.
description: 14 pages, 8 Figures
Schrodinger dynamics as a two-phase conserved flow: an alternative trajectory construction of quantum propagation
Creators: name: Holland, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that the Schrodinger equation can be cast in the form of two coupled real conservation equations, in Euclidean spacetime in the free case and in a five-dimensional Eisenhart geometry in the presence of an external potential. This implies a novel two-phase quantum hydrodynamic model whose Lagrangian picture provides an exact scheme to calculate the time-dependent wavefunction from a continuum of deterministic trajectories where two points are linked by at most two orbits. Properties of the model are examined, including the appearance of entangled trajectories in separable states. Wavefunction constructions employing alternative two-phase models are proposed.
description: To appear in J. Phys. A
Infinitely many positive solutions for the nonlinear Shcrodinger equations in $R^N$
Creators: name: Wei, Juncheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35J60

description: We consider the following nonlinear problem in $\R^N$ $$\label{eq} - Δu +V(|y|)u=u^{p},\quad u>0 {in} \R^N, u \in H^1(\R^N) $$ where $V(r)$ is a positive function, $10$, $m>1$, $θ>0$, and $V_0>0$, such that \[ V(r)= V_0+\frac a {r^m} +O\bigl(\frac1{r^{m+θ}}\bigr),\quad \text{as $r\to +\infty$,} \] then \eqref{eq} has {\bf infinitely many non-radial positive} solutions, whose energy can be made arbitrarily large.
description: 17 pages
Assigning confidence to inspiral gravitational wave candidates with Bayesian model selection
Creators: name: Veitch, John
name: Vecchio, Alberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bayesian model selection provides a powerful and mathematically transparent framework to tackle hypothesis testing, such as detection tests of gravitational waves emitted during the coalescence of binary systems using ground-based laser interferometers. Although its implementation is computationally intensive, we have developed an efficient probabilistic algorithm based on a technique known as nested sampling that makes Bayesian model selection applicable to follow-up studies of candidate signals produced by on-going searches of inspiralling compact binaries. We discuss the performance of this approach, in terms of "false alarm rate" and "detection probability" of restricted second post-Newtonian inspiral waveforms from non-spinning compact objects in binary systems. The results confirm that this approach is a viable tool for detection tests in current searches for gravitational wave signals.
description: From the Proceedings of the 11th Gravitational Wave Data Analysis Workshop 11 pages, 4 pages
Detection of VHE gamma-ray emission from the distant blazar 1ES 1101-232 with H.E.S.S. and broadband characterisation
Creators: name: Collaboration, H. E. S. S.
name: :
name: Aharonian, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The blazar 1ES 1101-232 was observed with the High Energy Stereoscopic System (H.E.S.S.) of Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes (ACT) in 2004 and 2005, for a live time of 43 hours. VHE (E > 10^11 eV) gamma-rays were detected for the first time from this object. VHE observations of blazars are used to investigate the inner parts of the blazar jets, and also to study the extragalactic background light (EBL) in the near-infrared band. Observations in 2005 were conducted in a multiwavelength campaign, together with the RXTE satellite and optical observations. In 2004, simultaneous observations with XMM-Newton were obtained. 1ES 1101-232 was detected with H.E.S.S. with an excess of 649 photons, at a significance of 10 sigma. The measured VHE gamma-ray flux amounts to dN/dE = (5.63 +- 0.89) x 10^-13 (E/TeV)^-(2.94 +- 0.20) cm^-2 s^-1 TeV^-1, above a spectral energy threshold of 225 GeV. No significant variation of the VHE gamma-ray flux on any time scale was found. 1ES 1101-232 exhibits a very hard spectrum, and at a redshift of z=0.186, is the blazar with the highest confirmed redshift detected in VHE gamma-rays so far. The data allow the construction of truly simultaneous spectral energy distributions of the source, from the optical to the VHE band. Using an EBL model with νF_ν= 14 nW m^-2 sr^-1 at 1.5 μm as presented in Aharonian et al. (Nature, 2006, 440, 1018) suggests an intrinsic VHE power output peak of the source at above 3 TeV.
description: 18 Pages, 6 Figures, accepted for publication in A&A; v2 includes minor changes
Some Issues in a Gauge Model of Unparticles
Creators: name: Liao, Yi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We address in a recent gauge model of unparticles the issues that are important for consistency of a gauge theory, i.e., unitarity and Ward identity of physical amplitudes. We find that non-integrable singularities arise in physical quantities like cross section and decay rate from gauge interactions of unparticles. We also show that Ward identity is violated due to the lack of a dispersion relation for charged unparticles although the Ward-Takahashi identity for general Green functions is incorporated in the model. A previous observation that the unparticle's (with scaling dimension d) contribution to the gauge boson self-energy is a factor (2-d) of the particle's has been extended to the Green function of triple gauge bosons. This (2-d) rule may be generally true for any point Green functions of gauge bosons. This implies that the model would be trivial even as one that mimics certain dynamical effects on gauge bosons in which unparticles serve as an interpolating field.
description: v1:16 pages, 3 figures. v2: some clarifications made and presentation improved, calculation and conclusion not modified; refs added and updated. Version to appear in EPJC
Going to University at your age, why? Examining why older mature-aged students attend university
Creators: name: BELL, ROBERT
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Education

description: Older mature aged students are a significantly under-researched group in many areas. This research investigated the motivations and experiences of students undertaking undergraduate university studies who are at least 55 years old. It provides new and useful data about their situation and motivations for undertaking formal study. It is a qualitative study of a small group using a multi-case study approach and thematic analysis. It suggests there is a need for better recognition of the diversity of older mature aged students in particular, as well as the suitability of current institutional responses to their needs.
Characterizing Outflows in the Cygnus X Region
Creators: name: Deb, Soumen
name: Kothes, Roland
name: Rosolowsky, Erik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we perform an analysis of 13 outflows in the Cygnus X star-forming region. We use the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope observations of $^{13}$CO(3-2) and C$^{18}$O(3-2) molecular emission lines combined with archival $^{12}$CO(3-2) data. Using these new observations, we measure the mechanical properties of the outflows, and identify the associated protostars, finding their properties consistent with previous surveys of outflows throughout the Milky Way. Finally, we develop and test a method to measure the same properties using the existing $^{12}$CO(3-2) line data alone, finding the properties agree to within a factor of 2.
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Year: 2023
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Luminous HC3N line emission in NGC4418 - buried AGN or nascent starburst?
Creators: name: Aalto, S.
name: Monje, R.
name: Martin, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: IRAM 30m observations reveal that the deeply obscured IR-luminous galaxy NGC4418 has a rich molecular chemistry - including unusually luminous HC3N line emission. We furthermore detect: ortho-H2CO 2-1, 3-2; CN 1-0, 2-1; HCO+, 1-0. 3-2, HCN 3-2, HNC 1-0, 3-2 (and tentatively OCS 12-11). The HCN, HCO+, H2CO and CN line emission can be fitted to densities of n=5 x 10E4 - 10E5 cm-3 and gas temperatures Tk=80-150 K. Both HNC and HC3N are, however, significantly more excited than the other species which requires higher gas densities - or radiative excitation through e.g. mid-IR pumping. The HCN line intensity is fainter than that of HCO+ and HNC for the 3-2 transition, in contrast to previous findings for the 1-0 lines where the HCN emission is the most luminous. We tentatively suggest that the observed molecular line emission is consistent with a young starburst, where the emission can be understood as emerging from dense, warm gas with an additional PDR component. We find that X-ray chemistry is not required to explain the observed mm line emission, including the HCN/HCO+ 1-0 and 3-2 line ratios. The luminous HC3N line emission is an expected signature of dense, starforming gas. A deeply buried AGN can not be excluded, but its impact on the surrounding molecular medium is then suggested to be limited. However, detailed modelling of HC3N abundances in X-ray dominated regions (XDRs) should be carried out. The possibility of radiative excitation should also be further investigated
description: 7 pages, one eps figure, uses aa.cls, submitted to Astronomy and Astrophysics
Error Bounds of the Invariant Statistics in Machine Learning of Ergodic Itô Diffusions
Creators: name: Zhang, He
name: Harlim, John
name: Li, Xiantao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60J10 37H30 62J05 68T07

description: This paper studies the theoretical underpinnings of machine learning of ergodic Itô diffusions. The objective is to understand the convergence properties of the invariant statistics when the underlying system of stochastic differential equations (SDEs) is empirically estimated with a supervised regression framework. Using the perturbation theory of ergodic Markov chains and the linear response theory, we deduce a linear dependence of the errors of one-point and two-point invariant statistics on the error in the learning of the drift and diffusion coefficients. More importantly, our study shows that the usual $L^2$-norm characterization of the learning generalization error is insufficient for achieving this linear dependence result. We find that sufficient conditions for such a linear dependence result are through learning algorithms that produce a uniformly Lipschitz and consistent estimator in the hypothesis space that retains certain characteristics of the drift coefficients, such as the usual linear growth condition that guarantees the existence of solutions of the underlying SDEs. We examine these conditions on two well-understood learning algorithms: the kernel-based spectral regression method and the shallow random neural networks with the ReLU activation function.
description: 34 pages