cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Local Interpretations for Explainable Natural Language Processing: A Survey
Creators: name: Luo, Siwen
name: Ivison, Hamish
name: Han, Caren
name: Poon, Josiah
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: A.1; I.2.7

description: As the use of deep learning techniques has grown across various fields over the past decade, complaints about the opaqueness of the black-box models have increased, resulting in an increased focus on transparency in deep learning models. This work investigates various methods to improve the interpretability of deep neural networks for Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks, including machine translation and sentiment analysis. We provide a comprehensive discussion on the definition of the term interpretability and its various aspects at the beginning of this work. The methods collected and summarised in this survey are only associated with local interpretation and are specifically divided into three categories: 1) interpreting the model's predictions through related input features; 2) interpreting through natural language explanation; 3) probing the hidden states of models and word representations.
description: Accepted by ACM Computing Surveys
Gaia: from proposal to GDR1
Creators: name: Gilmore, Gerard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this concluding article I recall the early history of the Gaia mission, showing that the original science case and expectations of wide community interest in Gaia data have been met. The quarter-century long partnership involving some 1,000 scientists, engineers and managers in industry and academia is delivering a large, high-quality and unique data set which will underpin astrophysics across many sub-fields for years to come.
description: 7pages, 5 figures, concluding talk at IAU Symposium 330, Astrometry and Astrophysics in the Gaia Sky
On non almost-fibered knots
Creators: name: Eudave-Muñoz, Mario
name: Guzmán-Tristán, Araceli
name: Ramírez-Losada, Enrique
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57K10 (Primary), 57M12 (Secondary)

description: An almost-fibered knot is a knot whose complement possesses a circular thin position in which there is one and only one weakly incompressible Seifert surface and one incompressible Seifert surface. Infinite examples of almost-fibered knots are known. In this article, we show the existence of infinitely many hyperbolic genus one knots that are not almost-fibered.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1812.06930 by other authors
Defining the role of T cell dependent shaping of the microbiota to prevent dysbiosis and disease
Creators: name: Petersen, Charisse N.
Publisher: name: University of Utah
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Harmful shifts within the microbiota, termed dysbiosis, are associated with an array of diseases that plague modern society. Dysbiosis may include loss of diversity, expansion of pathobionts, and reductions of beneficial microbes that are required for symbiosis with the host. While one or more of these alterations are identified in correlation to many disorders, the impetus for these dysfunctional communities has remained largely uncharacterized. One pathway that has likely evolved to maintain healthy microbiota populations is secretory immunoglobulin A (IgA), which shapes commensal communities and maintains tolerant hostmicrobe responses. Intestinal IgA is produced at high levels as a result of T follicular helper cell (TFH) and B cell interactions in germinal centers along the gut, however, the molecular cues that govern T cell dependent IgA are largely unknown. This dissertation has uncovered a mechanism by which T cells use innate signaling through Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and Myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88 (MyD88) in order to detect shifts within the microbiota and direct IgA secretion. Loss of this pathway diminishes high-affinity IgA targeting of the microbiota and fails to constrain bacterial communities, leading to dysbiosis. Animals lacking MyD88 signaling within T cells are more prone to developing increased colitis severity and metabolic syndrome, both of which can be treated by rescuing the dysbiotic microbiota to a healthy state. These findings identify that T cells converge innate and adaptive immune signals to coordinate IgA against the microbiota. This maintenance of healthy microbiota communities has widespread impacts on immune development and metabolism, highlighting the wide variety of physiological pathways that have evolved to depend on symbiotic host-microbiota interactions in order to promote health and prevent diseases.
Additional file 1 of Combining texture features of whole slide images improves prognostic prediction of recurrence-free survival for cutaneous melanoma patients
Creators: name: Peng, Yanbin
name: Chu, Yunfeng
name: Chen, Zhong
name: Zhou, Wen
name: Wan, Shengxiang
name: Xiao, Yingfeng
name: Zhang, Youlong
name: Li, Jialu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. The composition and number of features in each feature set. Table S2. Summary of C-index and time-dependent AUC. Table S3. The name and coefficient of features selected in the final image-based model. Table S4. The likelihood ratio (LR) and its p value of models. Table S5. The median survival time of higher and lower-risk subgroups in each pathologically-defined groups of patients. Table S6. Summary of treatment information and their RFS associations of the study cohort. Table S7. Summary of therapeutics type among the 50 patients with pharmaceutical treatment information available. Table S8. Summary of some omitted clinicopathologic variables routinely used for prognostic analysis in the study cohort. Figure S1. Three examples of nucleus segmentation results. Figure S2. The RFS probability curve of the 152 patients enrolled in this study. Figure S3. Analysis of variation of cross-validation C-index along with the penalty (log-transformed λ). Figure S4. The overall survival probability of subgroups stratified by the risk score. Figure S5. The dot plot of the top 20 GO in BP identified by GOseq package. Figure S6. The dot plot of the top 20 gene ontologies in CC identified by GOseq package. Figure S7. The dot plot of the top 20 gene ontologies in MF identified by GOseq package. Figure S8. The directed acyclic graph of the enriched GO terms in biological process category identified by clusterProfiler package. Figure S9. The directed acyclic graph of the enriched GO terms in cellular component category identified by clusterProfiler package. Figure S10. The directed acyclic graph of the enriched GO terms in molecular function category identified by clusterProfiler package. Figure S11. An illustration of WSI processing and feature extraction.
Generalized Josephson relation for conserved charges in multi-component bosons
Creators: name: Zhang, Yi-Cai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Josephson relation is generalized for conserved charges in multi-component bosons. With linear response theory, a formula for derivation of generalized superfluid density is given. When there are several conserved charges, the superfluid density is generally a second order tensor in internal spin space. When the rank of Green's function matrix is one, Josephson relation is given explicitly with phase operator method. For two-component bosons, with quantum field theory, we show a generalized Hugenholtz-Pines relation hold and existence of two gapless phonons. When the interactions are $U(2)$ invariant, we show there is a gapless quadratic dispersion excitation no matter how strong the interactions are. The corresponding generalized Josephson relation is expressed with Green's function matrix elements.
description: 14 pages 3 figures
The Design Activity Framework: Investigating the Data Visualization Design Process
Creators: name: McKenna, Sean Patrick
Publisher: name: University of Utah
Year: 2019
Subjects: Computer science
Design

description: This dissertation establishes a new visualization design process model devised to guide visualization designers in building more effective and useful visualization systems and tools. The novelty of this framework includes its flexibility for iteration, actionability for guiding visualization designers with concrete steps, concise yet methodical definitions, and connections to other visualization design models commonly used in the field of data visualization. In summary, the design activity framework breaks down the visualization design process into a series of four design activities: understand, ideate, make, and deploy. For each activity, the framework prescribes a descriptive motivation, list of design methods, and expected visualization artifacts. To elucidate the framework, two case studies for visualization design illustrate these concepts, methods, and artifacts in real-world projects in the field of cybersecurity. For example, these projects employ user-centered design methods, such as personas and data sketches, which emphasize our teams' motivations and visualization artifacts with respect to the design activity framework. These case studies also serve as examples for novice visualization designers, and we hypothesized that the framework could serve as a pedagogical tool for teaching and guiding novices through their own design process to create a visualization tool. To externally evaluate the efficacy of this framework, we created worksheets for each design activity, outlining a series of concrete, tangible steps for novices. In order to validate the design worksheets, we conducted 13 student observations over the course of two months, received 32 online survey responses, and performed a qualitative analysis of 11 in-depth interviews. Students found the worksheets both useful and effective for framing the visualization design process. Next, by applying the design activity framework to technique-driven and evaluation-based research projects, we brainstormed possible extensions to the design model. Lastly, we examined implications of the design activity framework and present future work in this space. The visualization community is challenged to consider how to more effectively describe, capture, and communicate the complex, iterative nature of data visualization design throughout research, design, development, and deployment of visualization systems and tools.
Neutrosophic Sets and Systems, vol.17
Creators: name: Smarandache, Florentin
name: Son, Le Hoang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: Algebra

description: “Neutrosophic Sets and Systems” has been created for publications on advanced studies in neutrosophy, neutrosophic set, neutrosophic logic, neutrosophic probability, neutrosophic statistics that started in 1995 and their applications in any field, such as the neutrosophic structures developed in algebra, geometry, topology, etc.
Additional file 13 of Gene S-phase kinase associated protein 2 is a novel prognostic marker in human neoplasms
Creators: name: Li, Guo-Sheng
name: Huang, Tao
name: Zhou, Hua-Fu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Supplementary Material 13. The associations between SKP2 expression and immune environment
Constrained Quantization on Symplectic Manifolds and Quantum Distribution Functions
Creators: name: Jorjadze, George
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A quantization scheme based on the extension of phase space with application of constrained quantization technic is considered. The obtained method is similar to the geometric quantization. For constrained systems the problem of scalar product on the reduced Hilbert space is investigated and possible solution of this problem is done. Generalization of the Gupta-Bleuler like conditions is done by the minimization of quadratic fluctuations of quantum constraints. The scheme for the construction of generalized coherent states is considered and relation with Berezin quantization is found. The quantum distribution functions are introduced and their physical interpretation is discussed.
description: 42 pages
Deg Xit'an Athabascan Conversations on Wellness: A Qualitative Study Exploring the Radical Possibilities of Relationships
Creators: name: Demientieff, LaVerne Marie
Publisher: name: University of Utah
Year: 2019
Subjects: Social work
Native American studies

description: It is essential that Indigenous people tell their own stories that describe the "who," "what," "where," and "how" of Indigenous life in order to shape our own destiny. The question posed in this research study is, In what ways do Deg Xit'an, Athabascan people draw from their culturally unique experiences, knowledge, values, and relationships in the context of their lives to create and maintain wellness and wholeness? The Deg Xit'an Athabascan (DXA) people are one of the smallest of the eleven Athabascan language groups located in Southwest Alaska. The importance of asking this question is significant at the individual and collective levels. The question itself is strengths focused. While it does imply that individuals and communities go in and out of balance and that problems exist, it is focused on the broader idea that within an individual and community are unique sets of existing tools and knowledge that can be utilized to maintain or create wellness and/or get back into balance. There are many statistics that highlight some of the many challenges Alaska Native people face today; however, they do not highlight the potential and possibilities of a strong and enduring people. Wellness, as it has been written and discussed by many Indigenous scholars, is shaped by a holistic combination of factors (mind, body, spirit, environment, history, traditions, and relationships) influencing each other in a continuous and dynamic way working toward balance and harmony. This is a qualitative study utilizing an Indigenous research framework. Twenty-two participants took part in four conversational focus groups and two interviews. The study included a mixture of Elders, culture bearers, middle-aged community members, and young adult community members. The themes and subthemes that emerged from the data and that contribute to wellness include: The cultural practices that were modeled by our Elders, traditional values that were embedded within those cultural practices, life's challenges and how the people adapted and grew strength from those challenges, and community action recommendations from participants on how to preserve our way of life and lead us back to the cultural practices that keep the people well.
Cubulating random quotients of hyperbolic cubulated groups
Creators: name: Futer, David
name: Wise, Daniel T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20F65, 20F67, 20P05

description: We show that low-density random quotients of cubulated hyperbolic groups are again cubulated (and hyperbolic). Ingredients of the proof include cubical small-cancellation theory, the exponential growth of conjugacy classes, and the statement that hyperplane stabilizers grow exponentially more slowly than the ambient cubical group.
description: 43 pages, 13 figures. v3 features improved exposition and references. This version to appear in Transactions of the AMS
Direct detection of the inflationary gravitational wave background
Creators: name: Smith, Tristan L.
name: Kamionkowski, Marc
name: Cooray, Asantha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Inflation generically predicts a stochastic background of gravitational waves over a broad range of frequencies, from those accessible with cosmic microwave background (CMB) measurements, to those accessible directly with gravitational-wave detectors, like NASA's Big-Bang Observer (BBO) or Japan's Deci-Hertz Interferometer Gravitational-wave Observer (DECIGO), both currently under study. Here we investigate the detectability of the inflationary gravitational-wave background at BBO/DECIGO frequencies. To do so, we survey a range of slow-roll inflationary models consistent with constraints from the CMB and large-scale structure (LSS). We go beyond the usual assumption of power-law power spectra, which may break down given the 16 orders of magnitude in frequency between the CMB and direct detection, and solve instead the inflationary dynamics for four classes of inflaton potentials. Direct detection is possible in a variety of inflationary models, although probably not in any in which the gravitational-wave signal does not appear in the CMB polarization. However, direct detection by BBO/DECIGO can help discriminate between inflationary models that have the same slow-roll parameters at CMB/LSS scales.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures, RevTex. Revised to match published version: added references, corrected typos and corrected LIGO sensitivity curves in Fig. 2
Materials challenges for quantum technologies based on color centers in diamond
Creators: name: Rodgers, Lila V. H.
name: Hughes, Lillian B.
name: Xie, Mouzhe
name: Maurer, Peter C.
name: Kolkowitz, Shimon
name: Jayich, Ania C. Bleszynski
name: de Leon, Nathalie P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Emerging quantum technologies require precise control over quantum systems of increasing complexity. Defects in diamond, particularly the negatively charged nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center, are a promising platform with the potential to enable technologies ranging from ultra-sensitive nanoscale quantum sensors, to quantum repeaters for long distance quantum networks, to simulators of complex dynamical processes in many-body quantum systems, to scalable quantum computers. While these advances are due in large part to the distinct material properties of diamond, the uniqueness of this material also presents difficulties, and there is a growing need for novel materials science techniques for characterization, growth, defect control, and fabrication dedicated to realizing quantum applications with diamond. In this review we identify and discuss the major materials science challenges and opportunities associated with diamond quantum technologies.
A Brief History of the GKLS Equation
Creators: name: Chruściński, Dariusz
name: Pascazio, Saverio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We reconstruct the chain of events, intuitions and ideas that led to the formulation of the Gorini, Kossakowski, Lindblad and Sudarshan equation.
description: Based on a talk given by D.C. at the 48th Symposium on Mathematical Physics "Gorini-Kossakowski-Lindblad-Sudarshan Master Equation - 40 Years After" (Toru\'n, June 10-12, 2016). To be published in the special volume of OSID
A Jentzsch-Theorem for Kapteyn, Neumann, and General Dirichlet Series
Creators: name: Bornemann, Folkmar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 30B50, 30C15 (Primary) 33C10, 30D20 (Secondary)

description: Comparing phase plots of truncated series solutions of Kepler's equation by Lagrange's power series with those by Bessel's Kapteyn series strongly suggest that a Jentzsch-type theorem holds true not only for the former but also for the latter series: each point of the boundary of the domain of convergence in the complex plane is a cluster point of zeros of sections of the series. We prove this result by studying properties of the growth function of a sequence of entire functions. For series, this growth function is computable in terms of the convergence abscissa of an associated general Dirichlet series. The proof then extends, besides including Jentzsch's classical result for power series, to general Dirichlet series, to Kapteyn, and to Neumann series of Bessel functions. Moreover, sections of Kapteyn and Neumann series generally exhibit zeros close to the real axis which can be explained, including their asymptotic linear density, by the theory of the distribution of zeros of entire functions.
description: corrected Hankel asymptotics on p. 14; 16 pages, 4 figures
title: 01_1106
Creators: name: Wesley Baldwin, John
name: Baldwin, John W.
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: L'ensemble de ces notes ont été crée par John Baldwin lors d'une de ses premières périodes de résidence à Paris. Ces documents comprennent tous les magistri qu’il avait pu rencontrer dans ses sources. Aux XIIème et XIIIème siècles, les universités n'existant pas encore, le titre de magister s'il évoque certainement une compétence n'est pas rattaché de façon systématique au passage par les écoles. De surcroît, les magistris sont le plus souvent désignés par leur seul prénom. La lecture de ces données est donc difficile et suppose un long travail pour tenter d'identifier un individu auquel on pourrait rattacher plusieurs mentions. John Baldwin avait donc renoncé à utiliser ces données pour donner un prolongement à sa magnifique étude sur les gradués d'université et leur emploi par les Capétiens et les Plantagenêts. Néanmoins, il a conservé ces données et elles sont potentiellement très utile dans le cadre de Studium, comme le sont toutes les mentions dans les volumes des Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae de chanoines portant ce titre de magister sans autres précisions. L'ampleur des dépouillements rend ces données très utiles et nous devons une grande reconnaissance à John Baldwin pour avoir pris la peine de faire photocopier ses fiches et de nous les avoir transmises amicalement.
Les données ainsi que les images des fiches sont accessibles sur le site Internet à l'adresse suivante : http://studium-baldwin.lamop.fr/.
Les transcriptions des fiches ont été effectuées par des étudiants de Paris 1 Panthéon - Sorbonne mais elles n'ont pas été corrigées par la suite.
description: Relation: https://lamop.hypotheses.org/
title: ADCO, Cart. 186 (11 H 71), f. 0075v
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: CBMA/CG21/F.PETOT/2012
name: Petot, Frédéric
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge
subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris
subject: cartulaire

description: Cartulaire général de Cîteaux, dit de Jean de Cirey, t. II (XVe siècle), tome II, Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, C
art. 186 (11 H 71). Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Cartulaire général de Cîteaux, dit de Jean de Cirey, t. II (XVe siècle), tome II, Archives départementales de la
 Côte-d'Or, Cart. 186 (11 H 71), f. 0075v, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https://manuscrits.cbma-
project.eu/
description: Provenance: https://www.geonames.org/3024876
description: Provenance: http://www.idref.fr/030974844/id
description: Provenance: https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12228351v
description: Provenance: abbaye de Cîteaux
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843261
Entanglement Effect on Off-diagonal Geometric Phase
Creators: name: Cui, H. T.
name: Wang, L. C.
name: Yi, X. X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effect of entanglement on off-diagonal geometric phases is investigated in the paper. Two spin-1/2 particles in magnetic fields along the $y$ direction are taken as an example. Three parameters (the purity of state $r$, the mixing angle $θ$ and the relative phase $β$) are chosen to characterize the initial states. The nodal points at which the usual geometric phases disappear are calculated and illustrated as a function of the three parameters.
description: final version; appearing in Europhys. Lett. 74, 757(2006)
Part2：Generalized Boundary Mathematical Theory in the Zhenzhi Four-Dimensional Space
Creators: name: , Xupeng
Publisher: name: OSF
Year: 2025
Subjects: Zhenzhi-Four-Dimensional Space, Generalized Boundary Theory, Topological Quantum Field Theory, Consciousness Manifold, Holograp

description: This paper proposes an innovative theoretical framework for the Zhenzhi-Four-Dimensional
Space, integrating topological quantum field theory, differential geometry, and consciousness
science to construct an interdisciplinary model of generalized boundary mathematical theory.
Using the R²×C complex manifold as the cognitive foundation, it transcends traditional
three-dimensional spacetime limitations and introduces a six-axiom system to describe the
dynamics of consciousness fields. Key explorations include the parametric reconstruction of the
time dimension, the holographic encoding mechanism of generalized boundaries, and Al-driven
topological surgery for inspiration generation. Theoretical validation demonstrates that the
non-local correlations of consciousness flows satisfy the AdS/CFT duality principle,
decision-making processes can be modeled using fractional differential equations, and ethical
gauge fields exhibit Chern-Simons topological quantization. This research provides a new paradigm for the deep integration of mathematical physics and consciousness science.

Our findings conclusively demonstrate
that all inspiration originates from
generalizedboundary mathematics—
where mathematical frontiers define
the next physical horizons.
Neutrosophic Sets and Systems.An International Book Series in Information Science and Engineering, vol. 17/2017
Creators: name: FLORENTIN SMARANDACHE
name: Abdel-Basset, Mohamed
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: Algebra

description: “Neutrosophic Sets and Systems” has been created for publications on advanced studies in neutrosophy, neutrosophic set, neutrosophic logic, neutrosophic probability, neutrosophic statistics that started in 1995 and their applications in any field, such as the neutrosophic structures developed in algebra, geometry, topology, etc.
Additional file 5 of ROS accumulation-induced tapetal PCD timing changes leads to microspore abortion in cotton CMS lines
Creators: name: Zhang, Jinlong
name: Zhang, Li
name: Liang, Dong
name: Yang, Yujie
name: Geng, Biao
name: Jing, Panpan
name: Qu, Yunfang
name: Huang, Jinling
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 5: Table 3. Primer sequence.
Refinements to the prime number theorem for arithmetic progressions
Creators: name: Thorner, Jesse
name: Zaman, Asif
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11N05 (Primary), 11N13, 11M06 (Secondary)

description: We prove a version of the prime number theorem for arithmetic progressions that is uniform enough to deduce the Siegel-Walfisz theorem, Hoheisel's asymptotic for intervals of length $x^{1-δ}$, a Brun-Titchmarsh bound, and Linnik's bound on the least prime in an arithmetic progression as corollaries. Our proof uses the Vinogradov-Korobov zero-free region, a log-free zero density estimate, and the Deuring-Heilbronn zero repulsion phenomenon. Improvements exist when the modulus is sufficiently powerful.
description: 11 pages. Theorems 1.1 and 2.1 improved
Design of minimum quantity cutting fluid dispensing system for sustainable machining
Creators: name: Ghatikar, Venugopal Raghavendra
Publisher: name: University of Utah
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mechanical engineering
subject: FOS: Mechanical engineering

description: With the importance of environmentally benign manufacturing processes growing globally, metal machining processes are one of the candidates for increased sustainability initiatives. One strategy that has been proposed is drastic reduction in the use of cutting fluids, which are usually applied as a flood, and are known to pose several environmental and economic issues, such as toxic mist generation, liquid waste disposal, reduced recyclability of scrap/chips, and high maintenance cost. The Minimum Quantity Lubrication (MQL) concept of using small amounts of lubricant in an atomized spray has been researched and advocated extensively in the literature. However, since the typical flood cooling medium has been eliminated and only a lubricant is present, problems caused by thermal build-up, such as increased tool-wear and thermal distortion of work parts, continue to exist. The generic application of a flood of cutting fluid has masked the need for precisely estimating minimum amounts of coolant and lubricant needed for different work materials that are being machined. In order to experimentally and theoretically model the minimum amounts of coolant or lubricant needed, a system capable of controlling and delivering specific amounts of cutting fluids need to be designed. There are a few products available in the market that cater to controlled fluid application needs but these systems are unable to dispense a separate coolant and lubricant, and are also unable to precisely control the quantity of fluid used. Moreover, there has been little effort to explore the feasibility of interfacing cutting fluid application systems with CNC (Computer Numerical Control) machine controllers. In this thesis, a novel multiple fluid dispensing system has been designed, and this system is capable of providing a simultaneous supply of small amounts of coolant and lubricant in an independent manner. The focus was on designing a system that is modular in nature and can be interfaced with the CNC machine controller or sensors or both. Initial design iterations were explored and a solution to meet the budget and time constraints was developed. The MQCF dispensing system is designed to output metered quantities of multiple fluids simultaneously and independently, based on real-time digital signals of measured physical quantities (such as machining forces). By using the system presented in this thesis, manufacturing process planners have a device that can maintain process quality by utilizing an appropriate system response in the form of instantaneous application of coolant and/or lubricant.
Features of eHealth work during changing technology platforms
Creators: name: Shevchenko, Alexander S.
name: Zotova, Alla B.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: reform of the health care system of Ukraine
eHealth
MedCard Plus
Helsi
реформа системи охорони здоров'я України

description: In English:  [Shevchenko OS, Zotova AB. Features of eHealth work during changing technology platforms. Proceedings of the XХІI International Scientific and Practical Conference "Modern Science and its Impact on Humanity Development" (Ukraine, Kharkiv, August 30, 2020). Bull KhRIPHS (ISSN 2707-9287), 2020;96(4):50-1. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4008078] Keywords: reform of the health care system of Ukraine, eHealth, MedCard Plus, Helsi. Українською:   [Шевченко ОС, Зотова АБ. Особливості роботи eHealth під час зміни технологічних платформ. Матеріали XХІI Міжнародної науково-практичної конференції «Сучасна наука та її вплив на розвиток людства» (Україна, м. Харків, 30 серпня 2020). Вісник ХРІПГОЗ (ISSN 2707-9287), 2020;96(4):50-1. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4008078] Ключові слова: реформа системи охорони здоров’я України, eHealth, MedCard Plus, Helsi.
description: {"references": ["MedCard Plus. \u0414\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f: https://cab.mcplus.com.ua", "Helsi. \u0414\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f: https://helsi.me/about", "\u0410\u0434\u043c\u0456\u043d\u0456\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0426\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0457 \u0431\u0430\u0437\u0438 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0445 eHealth \u0423\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0457\u043d\u0438. \u0414\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f: https://ehealth.gov.ua", "\u041a\u0443\u043f\u0440\u0456\u044f\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u041e. \u0421\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430 eHealth \u0432 \u0423\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0457\u043d\u0456 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0446\u044e\u0454 \u043d\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0456\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u2013 \u043b\u0456\u043a\u0430\u0440\u0456, \u043f\u0430\u0446\u0456\u0454\u043d\u0442\u0438 \u0442\u0430 \u0435\u043a\u0441\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0438. ITMed. \u041d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043d\u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0446\u0438\u043d\u0438, 24 \u041b\u0438\u043f 2020. \u0414\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f: https://itmed.org/news/sistema-ehealth-v-ukraini-pratsyu-nezadovilno-likari-patsi-nti-ta-eksperti"]}
Design, Modeling, and Gait Control of a Rolling Quadruped (roll-U-ped)
Creators: name: Dockstader, Keith E. Jr.
Publisher: name: University of Utah
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mechanical engineering
subject: FOS: Mechanical engineering
subject: Robotics

description: This thesis describes the design, modeling, and gait control of a new bounding/rolling quadruped robot called the roll-U-ped. The robot has four uniquely-designed compliant legs for bounding gait locomotion, and the legs can reconfigure for passive and powered rolling. One of the main advantages of such a design is versatility as the robot can efficiently and quickly traverse over flat and downhill terrain via rolling and then transition to running for traveling over more complex terrain with a bounding gait. The contributions of this work are: (1) a detailed description of the robot design, (2) modeling and simulation of bounding motion, (3) investigation of bounding gait effectiveness using sinusoidal control inputs and inputs obtained from machine learning, and (4) prototype development and performance evaluation. Specifically, the prototype robot utilizes 3D-printed compliant legs for dynamic running and rolling, and the dual-purpose leg design minimizes the number of joints. Two functional prototypes are developed with on-board embedded electronics and a single-board computer running the Robot Operating System for motion control and evaluation. Simulations of the bounding gait locomotion are shown and compared to the performance of the prototype designs. Additionally, the robot's running motion is investigated for two types of inputs: a sinusoidal trajectory and a learned gait using the Q-learning technique, where results demonstrate effective running and rolling behavior. For example, using sinusoidal inputs, the robot can run with a bounding gait over a flat and stiff sandpaper-like surface at speeds of up to 0.21 m/s. On the other hand, over a flat and tacky-cushioned surface, the speed is measured at 0.14 m/s. Simulation results for Q-learning show gait speeds of 0.22 m/s for the tacky-cushioned surface, where experiments on the physical system yielded a gait speed of 0.15 m/s. For powered rolling, the robot was able to reach a speed of 0.53 m/s over a flat-smooth surface. The results demonstrate proof-of-concept of the design and feasibility of using machine learning to determine inputs for effective running locomotion. Finally, possible future improvements to the design, modeling, and motion control of the robot are discussed.
Detection_of_carbapenem-resistDetection of carbapenem-resistant bacteria in drinking water and potential for inter-genus transfer of resistance factors
Creators: name: Tanner, Windy Dawn
Publisher: name: University of Utah
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Health
subject: Public health

description: Carbapenem resistance is a growing public health threat, leaving few treatment options for Gram-negative bacterial infections. The rise in community-acquired carbapenem-resistant infections is particularly alarming, and recent evidence indicates that drinking water may serve as a source of these organisms. Furthermore, there is concern that drinking water distribution systems may also amplify resistant organisms as a result of horizontal gene transfer of resistance genes within water distribution system biofilms. Current methods for testing and monitoring drinking water for the presence of carbapenem-resistant organisms can be expensive, cumbersome, or require special expertise, and are not ideal for low-resource countries. This work sought to develop and validate a simple, cost-effective method for screening for carbapenem-resistant organisms in drinking water. A fluorogenic substrate was combined with various concentrations of meropenem and vancomycin antibiotics using known carbapenem-resistant and susceptible strains of bacteria. The bacterial strains were used to generate artificially contaminated tap water samples in the laboratory to determine if the combination and concentrations were ideal in selecting for the target organisms. The method was able to select for low numbers of resistant organisms while suppressing non-target tap water organisms. The method was then used to screen 19 samples from New Delhi, India. The method successfully identified eleven organisms clinically resistant to carbapenem antibiotics in seven samples. This work also explored whether or not carbapenem resistance factors can transfer within biofilms similar to those that exist in water distribution systems. Clinical donor strains carrying the blaNDM carbapenem resistance gene were used to transfer the gene to an E. coli intermediate by conjugation. The E. coli was then used to donate the blaNDM gene in both broth and biofilm environments to Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a common biofilm-forming bacteria found in water systems. Transfer of the blaNDM gene to P. aeruginosa was not seen in broth, but was observed in biofilm after a 72-hour incubation of the donor and recipient organism. This indicates that the blaNDM carbapenem resistance gene may be able to transfer within drinking water distribution system biofilms, and biofilms may serve as a source of blaNDM amplification and increased exposure via tap water.
Comparison of the DeWitt metric in general relativity with the fourth-rank constitutive tensors in electrodynamics and in elasticity theory
Creators: name: Hehl, Friedrich W.
name: Kiefer, Claus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 83C05

description: We perform a short comparison between the local and linear constitutive tensor $χ^{λνσκ}$ in four-dimensional electrodynamics (Sec.2), the elasticity tensor $c^{ijkl}$ in three-dimensional elasticity theory (Sec.3), and the DeWitt metric $G^{abcd}$ in general relativity, with ${a,b,\dots=1,2,3}$ (Sec.4). We find that the DeWitt metric has only six independent components.
description: 10 pages of latex, minor changes due to suggestions of colleagues and referees, one reference added
Designing Novel Cermet Materials in the Titanium-Boron-Iron-Molybdenum System
Creators: name: Lark, Alexander Raymond
Publisher: name: University of Utah
Year: 2019
Subjects: Engineering
Nanoscience

description: This study focuses on synthesizing cermet materials consisting of a two-phase structure of ductile beta-Ti solid solution phase and a hard titanium boride TiB phase, which appears as a nanostructured TiB whisker network surrounded by a beta-Ti matrix. Iron and molybdenum are used in this Ti-B-Fe-Mo alloy system as stabilizers of the beta-Ti phase to control the proportions of alpha (hcp) or beta (bcc) solid solution phases, and also have some solubility in the TiB phase, forming ternary (Ti,X)B borides. The calculation of phase diagrams (CALPHAD) approach using Thermo-Calc software was used to predict and design sample compositions and processing temperatures. Samples were synthesized by mixing Ti, Fe, Mo, and TiB2 powders at varying concentrations to achieve desired compositions. Electric-field-activated-sintering was used to synthesize samples with a reaction sintering process. This study focused on analysis of samples in the cermet range, between 50 and 70 volume percent TiB phase. Density measurements indicated that fully dense cermet materials were created. Generic two-phase microstructure was confirmed using X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscope (SEM) techniques. Mechanical properties including flexural strength and fracture toughness were evaluated. Four-point flexural strength varied between 826 MPa and 941 MPa for 50, 60, and 70 volume percent TiB samples. Inclusion particles were responsible for initiation of fracture in flexural testing and led to variations in strength. Precracked beam fracture toughness varied between 10 and 17.8 MPa√m for 50, 60, and 70 volume percent TiB samples, with fracture toughness improving with the addition of more ductile beta-Ti phase and after heat treatment. The mechanical and physical properties of Ti-TiB cermets were compared against commercially available cermets such as WC-Co. The present samples have potential for some practical applications as cutting, shaping, or forming tools.
Detection of Acetylcholine Receptor Modulating Antibodies by Flow Cytometry
Creators: name: Lozier, Bucky Ken
Publisher: name: University of Utah
Year: 2019

description: Myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune disease characterized by antibodies against acetylcholine receptors (AChRs) at the neuromuscular junction (NMJ) of skeletal muscle. These antibodies interfere with the transmission of nerve impulses resulting in weakness and paralysis. Due to the variability in symptoms and heterogeneity of autoantibody production in patients with myasthenia gravis, it is essential to make available the best clinical laboratory tests to aid the clinician in diagnosis. One means by which AChR antibodies interfere with nerve impulse transmission is through the effect of antigenic modulation, a process in which antibody-bound AChRs on the postsynaptic muscle cell membrane are internalized and destroyed. The current laboratory assay for the detection of AChR modulating antibodies involves measuring the reduction of expression of radiolabeled AChRs on a human rhabdomyosarcoma (RD) cell line in response to exposure to patient serum. The goal of this study was to determine the feasibility of detection of AChR modulating antibodies by a new flow-cytometric method rather than the current radioimmunoassay. Two cell lines were investigated: the RD cell line which expresses fetal AChRs and the DB40 cell line which has been transfected with genes for the expression of fetal and adult acetylcholine receptors. Samples tested included sera from 120 self-proclaimed healthy individuals and 100 samples submitted for clinical testing, iv 50 of which were AChR antibody positive and 50 of which were AChR antibody negative. Results of the flow-cytometric AChR modulating antibody testing on the RD cell line correlated best with results for currently available assays and demonstrated better sensitivity and specificity than the current radioimmunoassay. Results of AChR modulating antibody testing on the DB40 cell line showed slightly decreased sensitivity and specificity, potentially resulting from defects in receptor metabolism due to gene transfection. Detection of AChR modulating antibodies by flow cytometry is feasible and uses an assay format that is more sensitive, specific, and robust with less cost and environmental burden.
Coulomb gluons will generally destroy coherence
Creators: name: Forshaw, Jeffrey R.
name: Holguin, Jack
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Coherence violation is an interesting and counter-intuitive phenomenon in QCD. We discuss the circumstances under which violation occurs in observables sensitive to soft radiation and arrive at the conclusion that almost all such observables at hadron colliders will violate coherence to some degree. We illustrate our discussion by considering the gaps-between-jets observable, where coherence violation is super-leading, then we generalise to other observables, including precise statements on the logarithmic order of coherence violation.
description: 11 pages, v2 accepted for publication in JHEP, v2 contains additional references and minor edits, v3 corrects an error relating to the W/Z pT distribution
A random rule model of surface growth
Creators: name: Mello, Bernardo A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Stochastic models of surface growth are usually based on randomly choosing a substrate site to perform iterative steps, as in the etching model [1]. In this paper I modify the etching model to perform sequential, instead of random, substrate scan. The randomicity is introduced not in the site selection but in the choice of the rule to be followed in each site. The change positively affects the study of dynamic and asymptotic properties, by reducing the finite size ef- fect and the short-time anomaly and by increasing the saturation time. It also has computational benefits: better use of the cache memory and the possibility of parallel implementation.