cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
THE EFFECT OF ARMINGTON STRUCTURE ON WELFARE EVALUATIONS IN GLOBAL CGE-MODELS
Creators: name: Kerkela, Leena
name: Kerkela, Leena
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: CGE Modeling
subject: trade liberalisation
subject: terms of trade

description: In this paper, the welfare results in trade liberalisation scenarios in global CGE models (like GTAP) are analysed. The default modeling strategy in trade is the Armington assumption with bilateral trade flows in industries. The negative terms of trade effects that often dominate the negative welfare outcome in simulation experiments are decomposed to imports and exports price effects. The numerical examples show that even in unilateral liberalisation with decreasing import tariffs, the welfare effects are dominated by domestic price level changes that also drive the exports prices. The numerical examples are built around simple GTAP tariff cut experiments with 3x3 country and commodity aggregation. The inherent feature in this type of models is that they support arguments for unilateral market access, like preferences, at the expense of multilateral trade liberalisation.
Charges in the Extended BMS Algebra: Definitions and Applications
Creators: name: Porrati, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This is a review of selected topics from recent work on symmetry charges in asymptotically flat spacetime done by the author in collaboration with U. Kol and R. Javadinezhad. First we reinterpret the reality constraint on the boundary graviton as the gauge fixing of a new local symmetry, called dual supertranslations. This symmetry extends the BMS group and bears many similarities to the dual (magnetic) gauge symmetry of electrodynamics. We use this new gauge symmetry to propose a new description of the TAUB-NUT space that does not contain closed time-like curves. Next we summarize progress towards the definition of Lorentz and super-Lorentz charges that commute with supertranslations and with the soft graviton mode.
description: Minor misprints corrected. To appear in the proceedings of 4th International Conference on Holography, String Theory and Discrete Approach (Hanoi, 8/3-8/8 2020)
Alburnus timarensis Kuru 1980
Creators: name: Freyhof, Jörg
name: Özuluğ, Müfit
name: Kaya, Cüneyt
name: Bayçelebi, Esra
name: Turan, Davut
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Actinopterygii
Cypriniformes
Cyprinidae
Alburnus
Alburnus timarensis

description: Alburnus timarensis
: FFR 0 4643, 22, 57–113 mm SL; Turkey: Van prov.: stream Karasu west of Gülsünler, 38.682N 43.346E.— FSJF 2840, 5, 93–103 mm SL; Turkey: Van prov.: stream Karasu.— IUSHM 37990-509, 5, 54–100 mm SL, Van prov.: stream Karasu, 38.650N 43.283E.
description: Published as part of Freyhof, Jörg, Özuluğ, Müfit, Kaya, Cüneyt, Bayçelebi, Esra & Turan, Davut, 2018, Redescription of Alburnus kotschyi Steindachner, 1863, with comments on Alburnus sellal adanensis Battalgazi, 1944 (Teleostei: Leuciscidae), pp. 573-582 in Zootaxa 4382 (3) on page 581, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4382.3.8, http://zenodo.org/record/1182982
TURKEY’S ACCESSION TO THE EUROPEAN UNION: IMPLICATIONS FOR AGRICULTURAL SECTORS
Creators: name: Karaca, Orhan
name: Philippidis, George
name: Karaca, Orhan
name: Philippidis, George
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Political Economy
subject: Turkey
subject: European Union
subject: Economic Integration
subject: Agriculture and Food
subject: Computable General Equilibrium Models
subject: GTAP

description: n October 2005, the European Council, having determined that Turkey fulfilled the Copenhagen political criteria, opened accession negotiations with Turkey. Following this decision, the arguments on Turkish membership has become a priority for Turkey since Turkey’s accession to the EU would have considerable impacts on Turkey and the EU. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the potential economic impacts of Turkish membership to the European Union. Since much of the support and tariff protection in EU markets is associated with agriculture and food production, the study focuses principally on these sectors. In this context, to derive estimates of Turkey’s accession a multiregional computable general equilibrium (CGE) model framework is employed. Using the standard Global Trade Analysis Project (GTAP) model and version 6 database, the paper looks into the impacts of the accession, sectoral reallocations and the welfare effects.
Probing the reheating phase through primordial magnetic field and CMB
Creators: name: Haque, Md Riajul
name: Maity, Debaprasad
name: Pal, Sourav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Inflationary magnetogenesis has long been assumed to be the most promising mechanism for producing large-scale magnetic fields in our universe. However, generically, such models are plagued with either backreaction or strong coupling problems within the standard framework. This paper has shown that the reheating phase can play a crucial role in alleviating those problems along with CMB. Assuming the electrical conductivity to be negligible during the entire period of reheating, the classic Faraday electromagnetic induction changes the magnetic field's dynamics drastically. Our detailed analysis reveals that this physical phenomenon not only converts a large class of magnetogenesis model observationally viable without any theoretical problem but also can uniquely fix the perturbative average inflaton equation of state, $ω_ϕ = (p+2)/(p+2)$ during reheating given a specific value of the large scale magnetic field. This observation hints the inflaton to assume the potential of form $V(ϕ) \sim ϕ^p$ near its minimum with $p \gtrsim 3.5$ if one considers the limit of the present-day strength of the large scale magnetic field to be $\mathcal{P}_{B0}^{\frac{1}{2}} \gtrsim 10^{-18}$ G. Our analysis opens up a new avenue towards constraining the inflationary and magnetogenesis model together via reheating.
description: 37pages, 4 figures
Polariton quantum blockade in a photonic dot
Creators: name: Verger, Arnaud
name: Ciuti, Cristiano
name: Carusotto, Iacopo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the quantum nonlinear dynamics of a resonantly excited photonic quantum dot embedding a quantum well in the strong exciton-photon coupling regime. Within a master equation approach, we study the polariton quantum blockade and the generation of single photon states due to polariton-polariton interactions as a function of the photonic dot geometry, spectral linewidths and energy detuning between quantum well exciton and confined photon mode. The second order coherence function $g^{(2)}(t,t')$ is calculated for both continuous wave and pulsed excitations.
PROTECTED HORTICULTURE AND ENVIRONMENT. AN INTEGRAL DECISION MODEL FOR GREENHOUSE WASTE MANAGEMENT IN SOUTHEASTERN SPAIN
Creators: name: Gomez, Salvador Parra
name: Gomez, Salvador Parra
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Contingent Valuation Method
subject: GIS
subject: Cost-Benefit Analysis.

description: Over 380000 tons of vegetable waste is produced annually in the “Campo de Dalías” zone (Almería, Spain), deriving from the diverse existing crops grown under plastic cover. Landfills containing this vegetable waste are a potential breeding ground for diseases and pests, they can also be the subject of uncontrolled burning, cause a riverbed blockage and, at the same time, they are an unsightly aspect of the landscape. The only way to prevent or minimize this problem is to adopt a comprehensive and environmentally sensitive waste management program. The utilization of the Contingent Valuation Method (CVM) has allowed the monetarization of the total environmental benefit of the projects undertaken, composting plant or in an energy recycling process, to the tune of 4082777 € and 4794566 €, respectively. Likewise, a Geographical Information System (GIS) has been used to locate an optimal zone for a composting plant. The solution obtained minimizes the transportation cost of organic waste. It represents 40% of the total cost at current market price. The subsequent integration of the results obtained with the previous methods in a cost-benefit analysis showed when a decision on possible public action needed to be taken that the best option would be a composting project with a 63.58 million € Net Present Value (NPV), including the internalization in economic terms of the environmental benefit of recycling organic residue. If this benefit is not internalized, the project NPV would be negative.
Biopolymer film fabrication for skin mimetic tissue regenerative wound dressing applications
Creators: name: Sellappan, Logesh Kumar
name: Anandhavelu, Sanmugam
name: Doble, Mukesh
name: Perumal, Govindaraj
name: Jeon, Ji-Hoon
name: Vikraman, Dhanasekaran
name: Kim, Hyun-Seok
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: A biopolymer film serving as a wound-healing substitute was fabricated using keratin and fibrin (extracted from a goat hoof and blood, respectively) via modified Shindai techniques. The importance of keratin and fibrin along with gelatin and mupirocin for the fabrication of a biofilm by solvent casting method is shown in this work. In vitro microscopic images of the fibroblast NIH 3T3 cell lines revealed the biocompatibility, cell viability, cell adhesion, and proliferation of biopolymer film in the wound site. The low-cost and biowaste-source-extracted keratin and fibrin blended biopolymer film supports the wound-healing process in humans.
The X-ray properties of young radio-loud AGN
Creators: name: Vink, Jacco
name: Snellen, Ignas
name: Mack, Karl-Heinz
name: Schilizzi, Richard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present XMM-Newton observations of a complete sample of five archetypal young radio-loud AGN, also known Gigahertz Peaked Spectrum (GPS) sources. They are among the brightest and best studied GPS/CSO sources in the sky, with radio powers in the range L_{5GHz}=10^{43-44} erg/s and with 4 sources having measured kinematic ages of 570 to 3000 yrs. All sources are detected, and have 2-10 keV luminosities from 0.5 to 4.8x10^{44} erg/s. In comparison with the general population of radio galaxies, we find that: 1) GPS galaxies show a a range in absorption column densities similar to other radio galaxies. We therefore find no evidence that GPS galaxies reside in significantly more dense circumnuclear environment, such that they could be hampered in their expansion. 2) The ratio of radio to X-ray luminosity is significantly higher than for classical radio sources. This is consistent with an evolution scenario in which young radio sources are more efficient radio emitters than large extended objects at a constant accretion power. 3) Taking the X-ray luminosity of radio sources as a measure of ionisation power, we find that GPS galaxies are significantly underluminous in their [OIII]_{5007 Angstrom}, including a weak trend with age. This is consistent with the fact that the Stroemgren sphere should still be expanding in these young objects. This would mean that here we are witnessing the birth of the narrow line region of radio-loud AGN.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures. Accepted for publication by the MNRAS
Guide to transcriptions of child language and child-caregiver interaction
Creators: name: Skilton, Amalia Horan
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: tca

description: Guide to transcriptions in bundles 2018-19.085 to 2018-19.123, with sections on: a) accessing the transcriptions and linked media files, b) tier types, c) tier names, d) orthography and abbreviations used in "tca" and "tns" tiers, and e) abbreviations used in "xds" tiers.
Stellar Evolution in AGN Disks
Creators: name: Cantiello, Matteo
name: Jermyn, Adam S.
name: Lin, Douglas N. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Active Galactic Nuclei are powered by geometrically-thin accretion disks surrounding a central supermassive black hole. Here we explore the evolution of stars embedded in these extreme astrophysical environments (AGN stars). Because AGN disks are much hotter and denser than the interstellar medium, AGN stars are subject to very different boundary conditions than normal stars. They are also strongly affected by both mass accretion, which can runaway given the vast mass of the disk, and mass loss due to super-Eddington winds. Moreover, chemical mixing plays a critical role in the evolution of these stars by allowing fresh hydrogen accreted from the disk to mix into their cores. We find that, depending on the local AGN density and sound speed and the duration of the AGN phase, AGN stars can rapidly become very massive (M > 100 M$_\odot$). These stars undergo core-collapse, leave behind compact remnants and contribute to polluting the disk with heavy elements. We show that the evolution of AGN stars can have a profound impact on the evolution of AGN metallicities, as well as the production of gravitational waves sources observed by LIGO-Virgo. We point to our galactic center as a region well-suited to test some of our predictions of this exotic stellar evolutionary channel.
description: 26 pages, 16 figures. Accepted by ApJ
High hurdle for symphony orchestra
Creators: name: Hsu, Tzu-Chin
name: 0009-0001-0696-0868
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2023
Subjects: Orchestra
Taiwan

description: High Hurdle is a seventeen-and-a-half-minute composition for full orchestra that narrates the compelling story of Chi Cheng, a Taiwanese track and field athlete. It was premiered on March 13th, 2023. This document details the circumstances of the commission, various aspects of the composition itself, and the collaboration with the Taipei Philharmonic Symphony Orchestra (TPSO), which premiered it on March 13th, 2023. It will lay out the programmatic aspects of the composition that were informed by the composer’s interview with Chi Cheng herself. The experience of working with the TPSO inspired research into the programming practices of four prominent Taiwanese orchestras, focusing on the representation of living composers, Taiwanese composers, and female composers within their repertoire. The findings highlight the need for greater inclusion and diversity in the orchestral repertoire. By showing the statistics and proposing potential avenues for improvement, this dissertation aims to initiate a dialogue on the programming of orchestras, contributing to the enrichment of the musical landscape in Taiwan.
Quantum Theory of Neutrino Oscillations for Pedestrians - Simple Answers to Confusing Questions
Creators: name: Lipkin, Harry J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Why are different mass states coherent? What is the correct formula for the oscillation phase? How can textbook formulas for oscillations in time describe experiments which never measure time? How can we treat the different velocities and different transit times of different mass eigenstates and avoid incorrect factors of two? How can textbook forumulas which describe coherence between energy states be justified when Stodolsky's theorem states there is no coherence between different energies? Is covariant relativistic quantum field theory necessary to describe neutrino oscillations? How important is the detector, which is at rest in the laboratory and cannot be Lorentz tranformed to other frames? These questions are answered by a simple rigorous calculation which includes the quantum fluctuations in the position of the detector and in the transit time between source and detector. The commonly used standard formula for neutrino oscillation phases is confirmed. An "ideal" detector which measures precisely the energy and momentum of the neutrino destroys all phases in the initial wave packet and cannot observe oscillations. A realistic detector preserves the phase differences between neutrinos having the same energy and different momenta and confirms the standard formula. Whether phase differences between neutrinos with different energies are observable or destroyed by the detector is irrelevant.
description: 10 pages, Introduction expanded to explain sources of confusion in detail
Der Untergang der Titanic - soziologische Betrachtung eines modernen Mythos
Creators: name: Schnüll, Petra
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Titanic
RMS Titanic
Soziologie
Katastrophensoziologie
Seefahrt
Medienwissenschaft
Medienereignis
Mythos
Industrialisierung
Atlantiküberquerungen
Luxusliner
White Star Line
Jungfernfahrt
1912
Passagierschiff
Katastrophe
Nordatlantik
Eisberg
Stahl
Materialverhalten, nichtlineares
SOS
Rettungsboote
SOLAS
Massenmedien
Weltereignis
Legendenbildung
Symbolik
Mediengesellschaft

description: In the context of the sociology of catastrophe, this paper deals with the sinking of the passenger ship RMS Titanic in 1912. I pay particular attention to the fact that this shipwreck, which occurred so long ago, has continued to arouse unbroken public interest up to the present day. This work is intended to illustrate the course of a catastrophe using the sinking of the Titanic as an example, but primarily to provide an overview of the phenomenon of the "Titanic myth". Im Rahmen der Soziologie der Katastrophe befasse ich mich in der vorliegenden Arbeit mit dem Untergang des Passagierschiffs RMS Titanic im Jahre 1912. Besonderes Augenmerk lege ich auf den Tatbestand, dass dieser so lange zurückliegende Schiffsuntergang bis in die Gegenwart auf ungebrochenes Interesse in der Öffentlichkeit stößt. Diese Arbeit soll somit zwar einerseits den Hergang einer Katastrophe exemplarisch am Beispiel des Untergangs der Titanic beleuchten, aber vorrangig einen Überblick bieten zu dem Phänomen „Mythos Titanic“.
MODELING THE BIOECONOMICS IMPACTS OF CO-MANAGEMENT IN CHILEAN ARTISANAL FISHERIES
Creators: name: Rojas, Mauro Arias
name: Martinez, Eva Iglesias
name: Rojas, Mauro Arias
name: Martinez, Eva Iglesias
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Industrial Organization
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: natural resource modeling
subject: marine policy
subject: co-management policy
subject: artisanal fisheries management
subject: Territorial Use Right Fisheries

description: The failure of the centralized management system and the intense over-exploitation of benthonic resources along the Chilean coast motivated the design and implementation of an innovative co-management policy in 1999. Although its positive effects have already been recognized at biological and organizational level, doubts have been posed with regards to its economic sustainability. In this paper, we present a bio-economic evaluation at national level for one of the most important and valuable benthonic resources, the Loco ecosystem. A dynamic simulation model is developed in order to compare and evaluate the effectiveness of the traditional centralized management and the co-management system recently implemented in Chile. The results show that the amount of captures and effort devoted during the centralized management period were significantly underestimated due to the existence of illegal captures. On the other side, the results reveal that, after a fearful beginning, the values for revenues, capture and stock were larger than those that would have been obtained in case the former centralized system had persisted.
C^2-Ray: A new method for photon-conserving transport of ionizing radiation
Creators: name: Mellema, Garrelt
name: Iliev, Ilian T.
name: Alvarez, Marcelo A.
name: Shapiro, Paul R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new numerical method for calculating the transfer of ionizing radiation, called C^2-Ray=Conservative, Causal Ray-tracing method. The method is explicitly photon-conserving, so the depletion of ionizing photons by bound-free opacity is guaranteed to equal the photoionizations these photons caused. As a result, grid cells can be large and very optically-thick without loss of accuracy. The method also uses an analytical relaxation solution for the ionization rate equations for each time step which can accommodate time steps which greatly exceed the characteristic ionization and ionization front crossing times. Together, these features make it possible to integrate the equation of transfer along a ray with many fewer cells and time steps than previous methods. For multi-dimensional calculations, the code utilizes short-characteristics ray tracing. C^2-Ray is well-suited for coupling radiative transfer to gas and N-body dynamics methods, on both fixed and adaptive grids, without imposing additional limitations on the time step and grid spacing. We present several tests of the code involving propagation of ionization fronts in one and three dimensions, in both homogeneous and inhomogeneous density fields. We compare to analytical solutions for the ionization front position and velocity, some of which we derive here for the first time.
description: 40 pages, 22 figures, to appear in New Astronomy. Updated version after Comments from the referee. Movies associated with this paper can be obtained at http://www.strw.leidenuniv.nl:/~mellema/Reionization/c2ray.html
New functions for the second messenger cyclic-di-GMP in E. coli
Creators: name: Hwang, Yunesahng
name: 0000-0002-1816-9416
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2023
Subjects: YfiN/DgcN
Antibiotic tolerance
c-di-GMP
di-guanylate cyclase
Gluconeogenesis
Growth arrest
Swarming motility
Colanic acid
LPS

description: c-di-GMP is one of the most versatile second messengers in bacteria. It controls a variety of bacterial cellular processes, primarily promoting biofilms while inhibiting motility. c-di-GMP is synthesized from two GTP molecules by diguanylate cyclases (DGCs). Bacteria encode multiple DGCs that are activated by specific environmental signals. Their catalytic activity is modulated by c-di-GMP binding to autoinhibitory sites (I-sites). In E. coli, the most potent DGCs is YfiN, which lacks I sites. Instead, YfiN activity is repressed by periplasmic YfiR, which is inactivated by redox stress to produce c-di-GMP, inhibiting swimming and activating biofilm production. A second envelope stress causes YfiN to relocate to the mid-cell to inhibit cell division by interacting with the division machinery. Here, we report third function for YfiN, where cell growth is inhibited without YfiN relocating to the division site. This action of YfiN is only observed when the bacteria are cultured on gluconeogenic carbon sources, and is dependent on absence of I sites. Arrested cells are tolerant to a wide range of antibiotics. We show that the likely cause of growth arrest is depletion of cellular GTP from unregulated synthesis of c-di-GMP, explaining the dependence of growth arrest on gluconeogenic carbon sources that exhaust more GTP during production of glucose. This is the first report of c-di-GMP-mediated growth arrest by altering metabolic flow. We have also discovered a new role for c-di-GMP in regulating swarming motility, wherein bacteria move over semi-solid surfaces as a collective. This movement is driven by flagella and facilitated by secretion of surfactants and wetting agents, the latter typically composed of polysaccharides. Having adequate water on the surface is required for flagella to work. We show that contrary to the canonical role of c-di-GMP in inhibiting flagella-driven swimming, c-di-GMP is required for swarming in E. coli. Our data suggest that c-di-GMP may positively regulate the production of colanic acid, a polysaccharide that could serve as a wetting agent. This is the first report of c-di-GMP being required for motility.
Analyzing the Impact of Trade Preferences in Gravity Models. Does Aggregation Matter?
Creators: name: Agostino, Maria Rosaria
name: Aiello, Francesco
name: Cardamone, Paola
name: Agostino, Maria Rosaria
name: Aiello, Francesco
name: Cardamone, Paola
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: International Relations/Trade

description: There are two sources of bias in the existing gravity equations used to assess the impact of non-reciprocal preferential trade policies (NRPTPs). The main inconsistency comes from the use of aggregate export flows at country level to analyse the effects of trade preferences which, by contrast, apply at product level. The second source of bias is that the literature does not deal with the main econometric issues which are likely to be present when a gravity equation is estimated. This paper discusses the first problem using evidence based on three levels of data aggregation (total exports, total agricultural exports and 2-digit). Furthermore, the estimation methods take into account the unobservable country heterogeneity as well as the endogeneity of trade preferences and the potential selection bias which zero-trade values pose. We consider all NRPTPs granted by 8 major OECD countries to exports from developing countries over the period 1995-2003. We find two key results. First of all we show that the impact of NRPTPs on total exports is positive, whatever the estimator. This means that, other things being equal, the national exports to the preference-giving country of a preferred country are higher than those of a non-preferred country. Secondly, when the analysis is conducted at 2-digit level, it emerges that the preference premium is very high in many 2-digit sectors, whatever the preferential treatment (GSP and/or other preferences). This finding stands in contrast with the result obtained when total exports are considered, which places the preference gain at lower values.
Computing the shape gradient of stellarator coil complexity with respect to the plasma boundary
Creators: name: Carlton-Jones, Arthur
name: Paul, Elizabeth J.
name: Dorland, William
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Coil complexity is a critical consideration in stellarator design. The traditional two-step optimization approach, in which the plasma boundary is optimized for physics properties and the coils are subsequently optimized to be consistent with this boundary, can result in plasma shapes which cannot be produced with sufficiently simple coils. To address this challenge, we propose a method to incorporate considerations of coil complexity in the optimization of the plasma boundary. Coil complexity metrics are computed from the current potential solution obtained with the REGCOIL code (Landreman 2017 Nucl. Fusion 57 046003). We compute the local sensitivity of these metrics with respect to perturbations of the plasma boundary using the shape gradient (Landreman & Paul 2018 Nucl. Fusion 58 076023). We extend REGCOIL to compute derivatives of these metrics with respect to parameters describing the plasma boundary. In keeping with previous research on winding surface optimization (Paul et al. 2018 Nucl. Fusion 58 076015), the shape derivatives are computed with a discrete adjoint method. In contrast with the previous work, derivatives are computed with respect to the plasma rather than the winding surface parameters. To further reduce the required resolution, we present a more efficient representation of the plasma surface using a single Fourier series to describe the radial distance from a coordinate axis and a spectrally condensed poloidal angle. This representation is advantageous over the standard cylindrical representation used in the VMEC code (Hirshman & Whitson 1983 The Physics of Fluids 26 3553-3568), as it provides a uniquely defined poloidal angle, eliminating a null space in the optimization of the plasma surface. The resulting shape gradient highlights features of the plasma boundary consistent with simple coils and can be used to couple coil and fixed-boundary optimization.
Intensity Pattern Types in Broadband Fourier Domain Mode-Locked (FDML) Lasers Operating Beyond the Ultra-Stable Regime
Creators: name: Schmidt, Mark
name: Grill, Christin
name: Lotz, Simon
name: Pfeiffer, Tom
name: Huber, Robert
name: Jirauschek, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the formation of various intensity pattern types in detuned Fourier domain mode-locked (FDML) lasers and identify the corresponding operating conditions. Such patterns are a result of the complex laser dynamics and serve as an ideal tool for the study of the underlying physical processes as well as for model verification. By numerical simulation we deduce that the formation of patterns is related to the spectral position of the instantaneous laser lineshape with respect to the transmission window of the swept bandpass filter. The spectral properties of the lineshape are determined by a long-term accumulation of phase-offsets, resulting in rapid high-amplitude intensity fluctuations in the time domain due to the narrow intra-cavity bandpass filter and the fast response time of the semiconductor optical amplifier gain medium. Furthermore, we present the distribution of the duration of dips in the intensity trace by running the laser in the regime in which dominantly dips form, and give insight into their evolution over a large number of roundtrips.
The Globular Cluster System of NGC 1399 IV. Some noteworthy objects
Creators: name: Richtler, T.
name: Dirsch, B.
name: Larsen, S.
name: Hilker, M.
name: Infante, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present 8 bright globular clusters and/or objects of less familiar nature which we found in the course of scrutinizing the globular cluster system of NGC 1399. These objects are morphologically striking, either by their sizes or by other structural properties. Some of them may be candidates for stripped dwarf galaxy nuclei, emphasizing the possible role of accretion in the NGC 1399 cluster system. They are all highly interesting targets for further deep spectroscopy or HST-imaging. Since these objects have been found within an area of only 42 arcmin**2, we expect many more still to be detected in a full census of the NGC 1399 cluster system.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, accepted by A&A (Research Note)
CFT Duals on Rotating Charged Black Holes Surrounded by Quintessence
Creators: name: Sakti, Muhammad Fitrah Alfian Rangga
name: Zen, Freddy Permana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate that Kerr/CFT duality can be extended to rotating charged black hole solution surrounded by quintessence in Rastall gravity. Since Rastall gravity can be considered as $F(R,T) = R + βT $ theory with the addition of a matter term, so the gravitational Lagrangian is resemblant to Einstein general relativity. In fact, the resulting central term is coincident to the central term in the general relativity since $ T $ is only a trace of the matter term. We then exhibit that the entropy from CFT of this black hole is equivalent with the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy with no correction related to the Rastall coupling constant. Moreover, when Rastall coupling constant $ κλ$ is switched off and $ a $ is approaching zero, we may extend the solution to the 5D black hole solution. It is found that this extremal solution contains twofold CFT duals that we call as $Q$-picture and $ P $-picture. In both pictures, the CFT entropy reproduces exactly the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy for Reissner-Nordström black hole surrounded by quintessence. The results establish that, for all black holes surrounded by quintessence, the microscopic entropies of the dual CFTs agree with the Bekenstein-Hawking entropies.
description: 10 pages
The Financial Feasibility of Anaerobic Digestion for Ontario's Livestock Industries
Creators: name: Weersink, Alfons
name: Mallon, Shawn
name: Weersink, Alfons
name: Mallon, Shawn
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: Livestock Production/Industries

description: This report is an investigation of the financial feasibility of farm based anaerobic digestion investments under Ontario's Standard Offer Contract electricity prices. Using Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs (OMAFRA) Agricultural Anaerobic Digestion Calculation Spreadsheet (AADCS) anaerobic digestion inputs, outputs, cost and revenues were estimated and used to conduct a financial analysis on the feasibility of four sized farm base anaerobic digestion investments. The results suggest investment in an anaerobic digestion system smaller than 300 kilo-watts is not financially feasible under the chosen base model assumptions and Ontario's Standard Offer Contract. The efficiency of the anaerobic digestion systems,discussed in the report as electricity yield, was found to have the largest impact on the investments financial feasibility. Incorporating off-farm organic material improved financial feasibility by increasing biogas production and offering the potential for tipping fee revenue.
Galactic seismology: the evolving "phase spiral" after the Sagittarius dwarf impact
Creators: name: Bland-Hawthorn, Joss
name: Tepper-Garcia, Thor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In 2018, the ESA \Gaia\ satellite discovered a remarkable spiral pattern ("phase spiral") in the $z-V_z$ phase plane throughout the solar neighbourhood, where $z$ and $V_z$ are the displacement and velocity of a star perpendicular to the Galactic disc. In response to Binney \& Schönrich's analytic model of a disc-crossing satellite to explain the \Gaia\ data, we carry out a high-resolution, N-body simulation (N$\:\approx 10^8$ particles) of an impulsive mass ($2\times 10^{10}$ \Msun) that interacts with a cold stellar disc at a single transit point. The disc response is complex since the impulse triggers a superposition of two distinct bisymmetric ($m=2$) modes $-$ a density wave and a corrugated bending wave $-$ that wrap up at different rates. Stars in the {\it faster} density wave wrap up with time $T$ according to $ϕ_D(R,T)=(Ω_D(R) + Ω_{\rm o})\:T$ where $ϕ_D$ describes the spiral pattern and $Ω_D =Ω(R) -κ(R)/2$, where $κ$ is the epicyclic frequency. While the pattern speed $Ω_{\rm o}$ is small, it is non-zero. The {\it slower} bending wave wraps up according to $Ω_B\approxΩ_D/2$ producing a corrugated wave. The bunching effect of the density wave triggers the phase spiral as it rolls up and down on the bending wave ("rollercoaster" model). The phase spiral emerges slowly about $ΔT \approx 400$ Myr after impact. It appears to be a long-lived, disc-wide phenomenon that continues to evolve over most of the 2~Gyr simulation. Thus, given Sagittarius' (Sgr) low total mass today ($M_{\rm tot}\sim 3\times 10^8$ \Msun\ within 10 kpc diameter), we believe the phase spiral was excited by the disc-crossing dwarf some $1-2$ Gyr {\it before} the recent transit. For this to be true, Sgr must be losing mass at 0.5-1 dex per orbit loop.
description: 21 pages, 16 figures, MNRAS accepted (Feb 2021). We have left modifications in bold print. A brief history of Galactic seismology is given in the Appendix
Collapse of Neutron Stars to Black Holes in Binary Systems: A Model for Short Gamma Ray Bursts
Creators: name: Dermer, Charles D.
name: Atoyan, Armen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The accretion of ~ 0.1 -- 1 M_o of material by a neutron star through Roche lobe overflow of its companion or through white-dwarf/neutron-star coalescence in a low mass binary system could be enough to exceed the critical mass of a neutron star and trigger its collapse to a black hole, leading to the production of a short gamma-ray burst (SGRB). In this model, SGRBs would often be found in early-type galaxies or in globular cluster environments, though they could also be formed through stellar-wind accretion in high-mass binary systems of star-forming galaxies. Although the collapse event is likely to be of short (<< 1 s) duration, afterglow complexity could be produced by neutron decoupling in the fireball and subsequent accretion of the companion remnant, for example, the disrupted white-dwarf core.
description: 4 pages, ApJ Letters, in press
Scattering of Gravitons and Spinning Massive States from Compact Numerators
Creators: name: Bjerrum-Bohr, N. Emil J.
name: Brown, Taro V.
name: Gomez, Humberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide a new efficient diagrammatic tool, in the context of the scattering equations, for computation of covariant $D$-dimensional tree-level $n$-point amplitudes with pairs of spinning massive particles using compact exponential numerators. We discuss how this framework allows non-integer spin extensions of recurrence relations for amplitudes developed for integer spin. Our results facilitate the on-going program for generating observables in classical general relativity from on-shell tree amplitudes through the Kawai-Lewellen-Tye relations and generalized unitarity.
description: 32 pages, 5 figures, version to be published in JHEP
Energy spectrum of strongly correlated particles in quantum dots
Creators: name: Balzer, K.
name: Nölle, C.
name: Bonitz, M.
name: Filinov, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ground state and the excitation spectrum of strongly correlated electrons in quantum dots are investigated. An analytical solution is constructed by exact diagonalization of the Hamiltonian in terms of the $N$-particle eigenmodes.
description: 10 pages, 10 figures, to appear in Journal of Physics: Conf. Series
Search for supersymmetry in final states with two oppositely charged same-flavor leptons and missing transverse momentum in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s} =$ 13 TeV
Creators: name: CMS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A search for phenomena beyond the standard model in final states with two oppositely charged same-flavor leptons and missing transverse momentum is presented. The search uses a data sample of proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s} =$ 13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 137 fb$^{-1}$, collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC. Three potential signatures of physics beyond the standard model are explored: an excess of events with a lepton pair, whose invariant mass is consistent with the Z boson mass; a kinematic edge in the invariant mass distribution of the lepton pair; and the nonresonant production of two leptons. The observed event yields are consistent with those expected from standard model backgrounds. The results of the first search allow the exclusion of gluino masses up to 1870 GeV, as well as chargino (neutralino) masses up to 750 (800) GeV, while those of the searches for the other two signatures allow the exclusion of light-flavor (bottom) squark masses up to 1800 (1600) GeV and slepton masses up to 700 GeV, respectively, at 95% confidence level within certain supersymmetry scenarios.
description: Replaced with the published version. Added the journal reference and the DOI. All the figures and tables, including additional supplementary figures and tables, can be found at http://cms-results.web.cern.ch/cms-results/public-results/publications/SUS-20-001 (CMS Public Pages). This version corrects report number
Baryogenesis with Superheavy Squarks
Creators: name: Huber, Stephan J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a setup where R-parity is violated in the framework of split supersymmetry. The out-of-equilibrium decays of heavy squarks successfully lead to the generation of a baryon asymmetry. We restrict the R-parity violating couplings to the baryon number violating subset to keep the neutralino sufficiently stable to provide the dark matter. The observed baryon asymmetry can be generated for squark masses larger than 10^11 GeV, while neutralino dark matter induces a stronger bound of 10^13 GeV. Some mass splitting between left- and right-handed squarks may be needed to satisfy also constraints from gluino cosmology.
description: 18 pages, LaTeX, 4 figures
Two- and three-point functions at criticality: Monte Carlo simulations of the three-dimensional $(q+1)$-state clock model
Creators: name: Hasenbusch, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We simulate the improved $(q+1)$-state clock model on the simple cubic lattice at the critical point on lattices of a linear size up to $L=960$. We compute operator product expansion (OPE) coefficients for the three-dimensional XY universality class. These are compared with highly accurate estimates obtained by using the conformal bootstrap method. We find that the results are consistent.
description: 24 pages, 7 figures, text extended, figures improved, figures 6 and 7 previously had, by mistake, data for direction d instead of f
Transcriptions of child language and child-caregiver interaction with Child 3
Creators: name: Skilton, Amalia Horan
name: Bitancourt Serra, Angel
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: tca

description: ELAN transcription of task-oriented child-caregiver interaction (researcher present), time-aligned with audio and video recordings. ELAN transcription of undirected child-caregiver interaction (researcher not present), time-aligned with audio and video recordings.
РАССМОТРЕНИЕ ВОЗНИКНОВЕНИЯ И  ПЕРИОДИЗАЦИИ ДРЕВНЕРУССКОЙ ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ
Creators: name: Преподаватель кафедры русской филологии Каюмова Г.С., студентка 2-курса направления «Филология и обучение языкам: русский язык» Абдумаликова Нозанинбону
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: В данной статье рассматривается становление и периодизация древнерусской литературы.

Ключевые слова: литература, жанр, периодизация
FAPRI 2007 U.S. and World Agricultural Outlook
Creators: name: Beghin, John C.
name: Dong, Fengxia
name: Elobeid, Amani E.
name: Fabiosa, Jacinto F.
name: Fuller, Frank H.
name: Hart, Chad E.
name: Kovarik, Karen
name: Tokgoz, Simla
name: Yu, Tun-Hsiang (Edward)
name: Wailes, Eric J.
name: Chavez, Eddie C.
name: Womack, Abner W.
name: Meyers, William H.
name: Binfield, Julian C.R.
name: Brown, D. Scott
name: Kruse, John R.
name: Madison, Daniel
name: Meyer, Seth D.
name: Westhoff, Patrick C.
name: Wilcox, Lori
name: Beghin, John C.
name: Dong, Fengxia
name: Elobeid, Amani E.
name: Fabiosa, Jacinto F.
name: Fuller, Frank H.
name: Hart, Chad E.
name: Kovarik, Karen
name: Tokgoz, Simla
name: Yu, Tun-Hsiang (Edward)
name: Wailes, Eric J.
name: Chavez, Eddie C.
name: Womack, Abner W.
name: Meyers, William H.
name: Binfield, Julian C.R.
name: Brown, D. Scott
name: Kruse, John R.
name: Madison, Daniel
name: Meyer, Seth D.
name: Westhoff, Patrick C.
name: Wilcox, Lori
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
International Relations/Trade
Livestock Production/Industries

description: The FAPRI 2007 U.S. and World Agricultural Outlook presents projections of world agricultural production, consumption, and trade under average weather patterns, existing farm policy, and policy commitments under current trade agreements and custom unions. The outlook uses a macroeconomic forecast developed by Global Insight.
Exact spatial and temporal balance of energy exchanges within a horizontally explicit/vertically implicit non-hydrostatic atmosphere
Creators: name: Lee, David
name: Palha, Artur
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new horizontally explicit/vertically implicit (HEVI) time splitting scheme for atmospheric modelling is introduced, for which the horizontal divergence terms are applied within the implicit vertical substep. The new HEVI scheme is implemented in conjunction with a mixed mimetic spectral element spatial discretisation and semi-implicit vertical time stepping scheme that both preserve the skew-symmetric structure of the non-canonical Hamiltonian form of the equations of motion. Within this context the new HEVI scheme allows for the exact balance of all energetic exchanges in space and time. However since the choice of horizontal fluxes for which this balance is satisfied is not consistent with the horizontal velocity at the end of the time level the scheme still admits a temporal energy conservation error. Linearised eigenvalue analysis shows that similar to a fully implicit method, the new HEVI scheme is neutrally stable for all buoyancy modes, and unlike a second order trapezoidal HEVI scheme is stable for all acoustic modes below a certain horizontal CFL number. The scheme is validated against standard test cases for both planetary and nonhydrostatic regimes. For the planetary scale baroclinic instability test case, the new formulation exhibits a secondary oscillation in the potential to kinetic energy power exchanges, with a temporal frequency approximately four times that exhibited by a horizontally third order, vertically second order trapezoidal scheme. For the nonhydrostatic test case, the vertical upwinding of the potential temperature diagnostic equation is shown to reduce spurious oscillations without altering the energetics of the solution, since this upwinding is performed in an energetically consistent manner. For this test case, which is configured on an affine geometry, the exact balance of energy exchanges allows the model to run stably without any form of dissipation.