cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Direction-of-Arrival Estimation Methods: A Performance-Complexity Tradeoff Perspective
Creators: name: Gentilho, Edno
name: Scalassara, Paulo Rogério
name: Abrão, Taufik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This work analyses the performance-complexity tradeoff for different direction of arrival (DoA) estimation techniques. Such tradeoff is investigated taking into account uniform linear array structures. Several DoA estimation techniques have been compared, namely the conventional Delay-and-Sum (DS), Minimum Variance Distortionless Response (MVDR), Multiple Signal Classifier (MUSIC) subspace, Estimation of Signal Parameters via Rotational Invariance Technique (ESPRIT), Unitary-ESPRIT and Fourier Transform method (FT-DoA). The analytical formulation of each estimation technique as well the comparative numerical results are discussed focused on the estimation accuracy versus complexity tradeoff. The present study reveals the behavior of seven techniques, demonstrating promising ones for current and future location applications involving DoA estimation, especially for 5G massive MIMO systems.
description: 35 pages, 10 figures, 4 tables
Additional file 3 of Correlates of type 2 diabetes and glycaemic control in adults in Saudi Arabia a secondary data analysis of the Saudi health interview survey
Creators: name: Thamer Al Slamah
name: Nicholl, Barbara I.
name: Alslail, Fatima Y.
name: Harris, Leanne
name: Kinnear, Deborah
name: Melville, Craig A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 3. Results of Multivariate Analysis of Baseline Factors and Their Interactions.
Diplectanocotyla Yamaguti 1953
Creators: name: Mendoza-Garfias, Berenit
name: García-Prieto, Luis
name: León, Gerardo Pérez-Ponce De
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Platyhelminthes
Monogenea
Dactylogyridea
Diplectanidae
Diplectanocotyla

description: Diplectanocotyla sp.
HOSTS. — Actinopterygii (gills).
 GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION. — Tabasco. Río San Pedro: Megalops atlanticus (López-Jiménez 2001).
SPECIMENS IN COLLECTIONS. — None.
description: Published as part of Mendoza-Garfias, Berenit, García-Prieto, Luis & León, Gerardo Pérez-Ponce De, 2017, Checklist of the Monogenea (Platyhelminthes) parasitic in Mexican aquatic vertebrates, pp. 501-598 in Zoosystema 39 (4) on page 530, DOI: 10.5252/z2017n4a5, http://zenodo.org/record/4578694
Influence of shape fabric and crystal texture on marble degradation phenomena: simulations
Creators: name: Shushakova, Victoria
name: Fuller, Edwin
name: Siegesmund, Siegfried
Publisher: name: Springer-Verlag
Year: 2010

description: Microstructure-based finite element simulations were used to study the influence of grain shape fabric and crystal texture on thermoelastic responses related to marble degradation phenomena. Calcite was used as an illustrative example for studying extremes of shape preferred orientation (SPO) in shape fabric and lattice preferred orientation (LPO) in crystal texture. Three SPOs were analyzed: equiaxed grains, elongated grains, and a mixture of equiaxed and elongated grains. Three LPOs were considered: a random orientation distribution function and two degrees of strong directional crystal texture. Finally, the correlation between the direction of the LPO with respect to that of the SPO was examined. Results show that certain combinations of SPO, LPO, and their directional relationship have significant influence on the thermomechanical behavior of marble. For instance, while there is no major dependence of the elastic strain energy density and the maximum principal stress on SPO for randomly textured microstructures, there is a strong synergy between LPO and its directional relationship with respect to the SPO direction. Microcracking precursors, elastic strain energy density, and maximum principal stress, decrease when the crystalline c-axes have fiber texture perpendicular to the SPO direction, but increase significantly when the c-axes have fiber texture parallel to the SPO direction. Moreover, the microstructural variability increases dramatically for these latter configurations. In general, the influence of LPO was as expected, namely, the strain energy density and the maximum principal stress decreased with more crystal texture, apart from for the exception noted above. Spatial variations of these precursors indicated regions in the microstructure with a propensity for microcracking. Unexpectedly, important variables were the microstructural standard deviations of the spatial distributions of the microcracking indicators. These microstructural standard deviations were as large as or larger than the variables themselves. The elastic misfit-strain contributions to the coefficients of thermal expansion were also calculated, but their dependence was as expected.
Modeling Net Ecosystem Exchange for Grassland in Central Kazakhstan by Combining Remote Sensing and Field Data
Creators: name: Propastin, Pavel
name: Kappas, Martin
Publisher: name: FID GEO
Year: 2009

description: Carbon sequestration was estimated in a semi-arid grassland region in Central Kazakhstan using an approach that integrates remote sensing, field measurements and meteorological data. Carbon fluxes for each pixel of 1 × 1 km were calculated as a product of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) and its fraction absorbed by vegetation (fPAR), the light use efficiency (LUE) and ecosystem respiration (Re). The PAR is obtained from a mathematical model incorporating Earth-Sun distance, solar inclination, solar elevation angle, geographical position and cloudiness information of localities. The fPAR was measured in field using hemispherical photography and was extrapolated to each pixel by combination with the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) obtained by the Vegetation instrument on board the Satellite Pour l’Observation de la Terra (SPOT) satellite. Gross Primary Production (GPP) of the aboveground and belowground vegetation of 14 sites along a 230 km west-east transect within the study region were determined at the peak of growing season in different land cover types and linearly related to the amount of PAR absorbed by vegetation (APAR). The product of this relationship is LUE = 0.61 and 0.97 g C/MJ APAR for short grassland and steppe, respectively. The Re is estimated using complex models driven by climatic data. Growing season carbon sequestration was calculated for the modelling year of 2004. Overall, the short grassland was a net carbon sink, whereas the steppe was carbon neutral. The evaluation of the modelled carbon sequestration against independent reference data sets proved high accuracy of the estimations.
Optimal supply chains and power sector benefits of green hydrogen
Creators: name: Stockl, Fabian
name: Schill, Wolf-Peter
name: Zerrahn, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: General Economics (econ.GN)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Green hydrogen can help to decarbonize parts of the transportation sector, but its power sector interactions are not well understood. It may contribute to integrating variable renewable energy sources if production is sufficiently flexible in time. Using an open-source co-optimization model of the power sector and four options for supplying hydrogen at German filling stations, we find a trade-off between energy efficiency and temporal flexibility: for lower shares of renewables and hydrogen, more energy-efficient and less flexible small-scale on-site electrolysis is optimal. For higher shares of renewables and/or hydrogen, more flexible but less energy-efficient large-scale hydrogen supply chains gain importance as they allow disentangling hydrogen production from demand via storage. Liquid hydrogen emerges as particularly beneficial, followed by liquid organic hydrogen carriers and gaseous hydrogen. Large-scale hydrogen supply chains can deliver substantial power sector benefits, mainly through reduced renewable surplus generation. Energy modelers and system planners should consider the distinct flexibility characteristics of hydrogen supply chains in more detail when assessing the role of green hydrogen in future energy transition scenarios.
description: This version includes a few minor editorial corrections and a change of the title in order to perfectly resemble the version published in Scientific Reports
Transverse momentum distribution of net baryon number at RHIC
Creators: name: Bass, Steffen A.
name: Müller, Berndt
name: Srivastava, Dinesh K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the transverse momentum distribution of net quarks (quarks minus antiquarks) in Au+Au collisions at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider in the framework of the parton cascade model at two different rapidities. Parton re-scattering and fragmentation is seen to lead to a substantial difference in the slopes of these distributions between mid- and forward-rapidities, in qualitative agreement with the corresponding data for the net baryon distribution.
description: 8 pages, uses IOP style
KELT: The Kilodegree Extremely Little Telescope
Creators: name: Pepper, Joshua
name: Gould, Andrew
name: DePoy, D. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Transits of bright stars offer a unique opportunity to study detailed properties of extrasolar planets that cannot be determined through radial-velocity observations. We propose a technique to find such systems using all-sky small-aperture transit surveys. The optimal telescope design for finding transits of bright stars is a 5 cm ``telescope'' with a 4k x 4k camera. We are currently building such a system and expect to detect ~10 bright star transits after one year of operation.
description: 6 pages, 1 figure, to appear in AIP Conf Proc: The Search for Other Worlds, eds. S. S. Holt & D. Deming
Simulation of saturated and unsaturated flow in karst systems at catchment scale using a double continuum approach
Creators: name: Kordilla, J.
name: Sauter, M.
name: Reimann, T.
name: Geyer, T.
Publisher: name: FID GEO
Year: 2012

description: The objective of this work is the simulation of saturated and unsaturated flow in a karstified aquifer using a double continuum approach. The HydroGeoSphere code ( Therrien et al. , 2006 ) is employed to simulate spring dis- charge with the Richards equations and van Genuchten pa- rameters to represent flow in the (1) fractured matrix and (2) conduit continuum coupled by a linear exchange term. Rapid vertical small-scale flow processes in the unsaturated conduit continuum are accounted for by applying recharge boundary conditions at the bottom of the saturated model do- main. An extensive sensitivity analysis is performed on sin- gle parameters as well as parameter combinations. The tran- sient hydraulic response of the karst spring is strongly con- trolled by the matrix porosity as well as the van Genuchten parameters of the unsaturated matrix, which determine the head dependent inter-continuum water transfer when the con- duits are draining the matrix. Sensitivities of parameter com- binations partially reveal a non-linear dependence over the parameter space. This can be observed for parameters not belonging to the same continuum as well as combinations, which involve the exchange parameter, showing that results of the double continuum model may depict a certain de- gree of ambiguity. The application of van Genuchten pa- rameters for simulation of unsaturated flow in karst systems is critically discussed.
Elemental metals for environmental remediation: lessons from hydrometallurgy
Creators: name: Crane, R. A.
name: Noubactep, C.
Publisher: name: FID GEO
Year: 2012

description: In the mining industry, the separation of economically valuable metals from gangue materials is a well established process. As part of this field, hydrometallurgy uses chemical fluids (leachates) of acidic or basic pH to dissolve the target metal(s) for subsequent concentration, purification and recovery. The type and concentration of the leach solution is typically controlled to allow selective dissolution of the target metal(s), and other parameters such as oxidation potential, temperature and the presence of complexing/chelating agents. In the remediation industry the use of elemental metals (M0) for the removal of aqueous contaminant species is also a well established process. Removal is achieved by the oxidative corrosion of the M0 and associated pH and/or redox potential change. Whilst the two processes are directly opposed and mutually exclusive they both stem from the same theoretical background: metal dissolution/precipitation reactions. In the mining industry, with each prospective ore deposit physically and chemically unique, a robust series of tests are performed at each mine site to determine optimal hydrometallurgical fluid composition and treatment conditions (e.g. fluid temperature, flow rate) for target metal dissolution/yield. In comparison, within the remediation industry not all such variables are typically considered. In the present communication a comparison of the processes adopted in both industries are presented. The consequent need for a more robust empirical framework within the remediation industry is outlined.
Empirical relations of rock properties of outcrop and core samples from the Northwest German Basin for geothermal drilling
Creators: name: Reyer, D.
name: Philipp, S. L.
Publisher: name: FID GEO
Year: 2014

description: Information about geomechanical and physical rock properties, particularly uniaxial compressive strength (UCS), are needed for geomechanical model development and updating with logging-while-drilling methods to minimise costs and risks of the drilling process. The following parameters with importance at different stages of geothermal exploitation and drilling are presented for typical sedimentary and volcanic rocks of the Northwest German Basin (NWGB): physical (P wave velocities, porosity, and bulk and grain density) and geomechanical parameters (UCS, static Young’s modulus, destruction work and indirect tensile strength both perpendicular and parallel to bedding) for 35 rock samples from quarries and 14 core samples of sandstones and carbonate rocks. With regression analyses (linear- and non-linear) empirical relations are developed to predict UCS values from all other parameters. Analyses focus on sedimentary rocks and were repeated separately for clastic rock samples or carbonate rock samples as well as for outcrop samples or core samples. Empirical relations have high statistical significance for Young’s modulus, tensile strength and destruction work; for physical properties, there is a wider scatter of data and prediction of UCS is less precise. For most relations, properties of core samples plot within the scatter of outcrop samples and lie within the 90% prediction bands of developed regression functions. The results indicate the applicability of empirical relations that are based on outcrop data on questions related to drilling operations when the database contains a sufficient number of samples with varying rock properties. The presented equations may help to predict UCS values for sedimentary rocks at depth, and thus develop suitable geomechanical models for the adaptation of the drilling strategy on rock mechanical conditions in the NWGB.
description: Open-Access-Publikationsfonds 2014
Diplectanum bilobatus Hargis 1955
Creators: name: Mendoza-Garfias, Berenit
name: García-Prieto, Luis
name: León, Gerardo Pérez-Ponce De
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Platyhelminthes
Monogenea
Dactylogyridea
Diplectanidae
Diplectanum
Diplectanum bilobatus

description: Diplectanum bilobatus Hargis, 1955 ǂ
 Diplectanum bilobatus Hargis, 1955: 38.
HOSTS. — Actinopterygii (gills).
 GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION. — Tamaulipas. Laguna Madre (Punta Piedra): Cynoscion nebulosus (Ramos-Guerra 1998; Iruegas-Buentello 1999).
 Yucatán. Celestún: C. nebulosus (Mendoza-Franco et al. 2013b).
 SPECIMENS IN COLLECTIONS. — CNHE (8461).
REMARK
 This species was considered as incertae sedis by Domingues (2004).
description: Published as part of Mendoza-Garfias, Berenit, García-Prieto, Luis & León, Gerardo Pérez-Ponce De, 2017, Checklist of the Monogenea (Platyhelminthes) parasitic in Mexican aquatic vertebrates, pp. 501-598 in Zoosystema 39 (4) on page 530, DOI: 10.5252/z2017n4a5, http://zenodo.org/record/4578694
Pseudo Random Coins Show More Heads Than Tails
Creators: name: Bauke, Heiko
name: Mertens, Stephan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Tossing a coin is the most elementary Monte Carlo experiment. In a computer the coin is replaced by a pseudo random number generator. It can be shown analytically and by exact enumerations that popular random number generators are not capable of imitating a fair coin: pseudo random coins show more heads than tails. This bias explains the empirically observed failure of some random number generators in random walk experiments. It can be traced down to the special role of the value zero in the algebra of finite fields.
description: 10 pages, 12 figures
Optimisation of Large Wave Farms using a Multi-strategy Evolutionary Framework
Creators: name: Neshat, Mehdi
name: Alexander, Bradley
name: Sergiienko, Nataliia Y.
name: Wagner, Markus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Wave energy is a fast-developing and promising renewable energy resource. The primary goal of this research is to maximise the total harnessed power of a large wave farm consisting of fully-submerged three-tether wave energy converters (WECs). Energy maximisation for large farms is a challenging search problem due to the costly calculations of the hydrodynamic interactions between WECs in a large wave farm and the high dimensionality of the search space. To address this problem, we propose a new hybrid multi-strategy evolutionary framework combining smart initialisation, binary population-based evolutionary algorithm, discrete local search and continuous global optimisation. For assessing the performance of the proposed hybrid method, we compare it with a wide variety of state-of-the-art optimisation approaches, including six continuous evolutionary algorithms, four discrete search techniques and three hybrid optimisation methods. The results show that the proposed method performs considerably better in terms of convergence speed and farm output.
Optimizing the ensemble for equilibration in broad-histogram Monte Carlo simulations
Creators: name: Trebst, Simon
name: Huse, David A.
name: Troyer, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an adaptive algorithm which optimizes the statistical-mechanical ensemble in a generalized broad-histogram Monte Carlo simulation to maximize the system's rate of round trips in total energy. The scaling of the mean round-trip time from the ground state to the maximum entropy state for this local-update method is found to be O([N log N]^2) for both the ferromagnetic and the fully frustrated 2D Ising model with N spins. Our new algorithm thereby substantially outperforms flat-histogram methods such as the Wang-Landau algorithm.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
Rhamnocercus bairdiella Hargis 1955
Creators: name: Mendoza-Garfias, Berenit
name: García-Prieto, Luis
name: León, Gerardo Pérez-Ponce De
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Platyhelminthes
Monogenea
Dactylogyridea
Diplectanidae
Rhamnocercus
Rhamnocercus bairdiella

description: Rhamnocercus bairdiella Hargis, 1955 *
 Rhamnocercus bairdiella Hargis, 1955: 42.
HOSTS. — Actinopterygii (gills).
 GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION. — Veracruz. Playa Las Barrancas (Alvarado): Bairdiella chrysoura (Montoya-Mendoza et al. 2008).
 SPECIMENS IN COLLECTIONS. — CNHE (6181, 6655).
description: Published as part of Mendoza-Garfias, Berenit, García-Prieto, Luis & León, Gerardo Pérez-Ponce De, 2017, Checklist of the Monogenea (Platyhelminthes) parasitic in Mexican aquatic vertebrates, pp. 501-598 in Zoosystema 39 (4) on page 533, DOI: 10.5252/z2017n4a5, http://zenodo.org/record/4578694
Additional file 5 of Benchmarking the transparency, comprehensiveness and specificity of population nutrition commitments of major food companies in Malaysia
Creators: name: SeeHoe Ng
name: Sacks, Gary
name: Kelly, Bridget
name: Yeatman, Heather
name: Robinson, Ella
name: Swinburn, Boyd
name: Vandevijvere, Stefanie
name: Karuthan Chinna
name: Mohd Noor Ismail
name: Tilakavati Karupaiah
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 5 : Table S4. Example of an Individual Scorecard. A preliminary scorecard [Ayamas Food Corporation Sdn. Bhd. - a selected company] used in ‘Stage III: Findings finalisation – Feedback of preliminary findings to companies via email’..
Superstrata
Creators: name: Shigemori, Masaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We give a survey of the present status of the microstate geometries called superstrata. Superstrata are smooth, horizonless solutions of six-dimensional supergravity that represent some of the microstates of the D1-D5-P black hole in string theory. They are the most general microstate geometries of that sort whose CFT dual states are identified. After reviewing relevant features of the dual CFT, we discuss the construction of superstratum solutions in supergravity, based on the linear structure of the BPS equations. We also review some of recent work on generalizations of superstrata and physical properties of superstrata. Although the number of superstrata constructed so far is not enough to account for the black-hole entropy, they give us valuable insights into the microscopic physics of black holes.
description: Invited Review for GERG Topical Collection: The Fuzzball Paradigm. 43 pages and references
Spatial correlations in the relaxation of the Kob-Andersen model
Creators: name: Marinari, Enzo
name: Pitard, Estelle
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe spatio-temporal correlations and heterogeneities in a kinetically constrained glassy model, the Kob-Andersen model. The kinetic constraints of the model alone induce the existence of dynamic correlation lengths, that increase as the density $ρ$ increases, in a way compatible with a double-exponential law. We characterize in detail the trapping time correlation length, the cooperativity length, and the distribution of persistent clusters of particles. This last quantity is related to the typical size of blocked clusters that slow down the dynamics for a given density.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures, published version (title has changed)
Epidemiological investigation of a tularaemia outbreak after a hare hunt in Bavaria, Germany, 2018
Creators: name: Böhm, Stefanie
name: Vom Berge, Katharina
name: Hierhammer, Daniela
name: Jacob, Daniela
name: Grunow, Roland
name: Riehm, Julia M.
name: Konrad, Regina
name: Dauer, Marc
name: Bouschery, Berit
name: Hossain, Hamid
name: Schichtl, Elisabeth
name: Böhmer, Merle M.
Publisher: name: Robert Koch-Institut
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: disease outbreaks
subject: Francisella tularensis
subject: hares
subject: risk factors
subject: tularaemia
subject: zoonoses
subject: 610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: In November 2018, a tularaemia outbreak occurred in Bavaria, Germany, among participants of a hare hunt and butchery employees handling the hares. We con-ducted an epidemiological outbreak investigation, including a retrospective cohort study among hunting participants, to identify likely transmission routes and activi-ties associated with infection. Twelve of 41 participants were antibody- positive for Francisella (F.) tularensis (attack rate: 29%). Cases reported influenza- like symptoms (n= 11), lymphadenopathy (n= 1) and conjunctivitis (n= 1). Infection only occurred in those hunting participants present while hares were processed, while risk of infec-tion was highest when directly involved (RR = 10.0; 95%CI: 2.6–392). F. tularensiswas isolated from 1/4 hares. Only two individuals reported using some of the rec-ommended personal protective equipment (PPE). Occurrence of mainly non-specific symptoms, likely due to early treatment, was not indicative of a specific transmis-sion route. Transmissions via direct (skin/mucosa) contact and by inhalation of con-taminated aerosols seem plausible. Promoting and increasing appropriate use of PPE among people processing hares is crucial to prevent future outbreaks.
Randomness Relative to Cantor Expansions
Creators: name: Calude, Cristian S.
name: Staiger, Ludwig
name: Svozil, Karl
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Imagine a sequence in which the first letter comes from a binary alphabet, the second letter can be chosen on an alphabet with 10 elements, the third letter can be chosen on an alphabet with 3 elements and so on. When such a sequence can be called random? In this paper we offer a solution to the above question using the approach to randomness proposed by Algorithmic Information Theory.
description: several small changes
Spontaneous creation of circularly polarized photons in chiral astrophysical systems
Creators: name: del Rio, Adrian
name: Sanchis-Gual, Nicolas
name: Mewes, Vassilios
name: Agullo, Ivan
name: Font, Jose A.
name: Navarro-Salas, Jose
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This work establishes a relation between chiral anomalies in curved spacetimes and the radiative content of the gravitational field. In particular, we show that a flux of circularly polarized gravitational waves triggers the spontaneous creation of photons with net circular polarization from the quantum vacuum. Using waveform catalogues we identify precessing binary black holes as astrophysical configurations that emit such gravitational radiation, and then solve the fully non-linear Einstein's equations with numerical relativity to evaluate the net effect. The quantum amplitude for a merger is comparable to the Hawking emission rate of the final black hole, and small to be directly observed. However, the implications for the inspiral of binary neutron stars could be more prominent, as argued on symmetry grounds.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures
Microbial fabric formation in spring mounds ("microbialites") of alkaline salt lakes in the Badain Jaran Sand Sea, PR China
Creators: name: Arp, Gernot
name: Hofmann, Jürgen
name: Reitner, Joachim
Publisher: name: FID GEO
Year: 1998

description: The large sandy desert of Badnin Jaran Shamo, Inner Mongolia, has several salt lakes located among megadunes with crests as high as 400 m. Most of the lakes are hypo- to hypersaline and alkaline, with pH values between 8.5 and 10. Because of their reef-like aragonitie pinnacles rising from the lake floor, Lake Nuoertu and Lake Huhejaran haue been investigated in detail. The porous limes tones of the tufa pinnacles ("spring mounds'') result {rom a hydrochemieally forced, exopolymer-mediated calcification of cyanobacteria- dominated mierobial mats at sublacustrine springs. The development oftheir enigmatie fabries is documented for the first time. Siekle-cell-like and bubbleshaped fabries reflect successive mineralization during degradation, shrinkage of the organie mucus, and gas formation by bacteria. Fossil analogues are known from the Pleistocene and Miocene (Ries-crater lake), but older non-marine, Phanerozoie examples are expected. 1b the extent that these textures are associated exclusively with alkaline environments, they can be used to test the hypothesis of an alkali ne ocean early in Earth history.
Porosity and distribution of water in perlite from the island of Milos, Greece.
Creators: name: Kaufhold, Stephan
name: Reese, Anke
name: Schwiebacher, Werner
name: Dohrmann, Reiner
name: Grathoff, Georg H.
name: Warr, Laurence N.
name: Halisch, Matthias
name: Müller, Cornelia
name: Schwarz-Schampera, Ulrich
name: Ufer, Kristian
Publisher: name: FID GEO
Year: 2014

description: A perlite sample representative of an operating mine in Milos was investigated with respect to the type and spatial distribution of water. A set of different methods was used which finally provided a consistent view on the water at least in this perlite. Infrared spectroscopy showed the presence of different water species (molecular water and hydroxyl groups / strongly bound water). The presence of more than 0.5 mass% smectite, however, could be excluded considering the cation exchange capacity results. The dehydration measured by thermal analysis occurred over a wide range of temperatures hence confirming the infrared spectroscopical results. Both methods point to the existence of a continuous spectrum of water binding energies. The spatial distribution of water and/or pores was investigated using different methods (CT: computer tomography, FIB: scanning electron microscopy including focused ion beam technology, IRM: infrared microscopy). Computer tomography (CT) showed large macropores (20 - 100 μm) and additionally revealed a mottled microstructure of the silicate matrix with low density areas up to a few μm in diameter. Scanning electron microscopy (FIB) confirmed the presence of μm sized pores and IRM showed the filling of these pores with water. In summary, two types of pores were found. Airfilled 20 - 100 μm pores and μm-sized pores disseminated in the glass matrix containing at least some water. Porosity measurements indicate a total porosity of 26 Vol%, 11 Vol% corresponding to the μm-sized pores. It remains unsolved wether the water in the μm-sized pores entered after or throughout perlite formation. However, the pores are sealed and no indications of cracks were found which indicated a primary source of the water, i.e. water was probably entrapped by quenching of the lava. The water in these pores may be the main reason for the thermal expandability which results in the extraordinarily porous expanded perlite building materials.
Time Reversal of Broadband Signals in a Strongly Fluctuating MIMO Channel: Stability and Resolution
Creators: name: Fannjiang, Albert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the time reversal of a multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) system in a space-frequency-selective multi-path fading channel described by the stochastic Schrödinger equation with a random potential in the strong-fluctuation regime. We prove that in a broadband limit the conditions for stable super-resolution are the {\em packing} condition that the spacing among the $N$ transmitters and $M$ receivers be more than the coherence length $\ell_c$ and the consecutive symbols in the data-streams are separated by more than the inverse of the bandwidth $B^{-1}$ and the {\em multiplexing} condition that the number of the degrees of freedom per unit time at the transmitters ($\sim NB$) be much larger than the number of the degrees of freedom ($\sim MC$) per unit time in the ensemble of intended messages. Here $C$ is the number of symbols per unit time in the data-streams intended for each receiver. When the two conditions are met, all receivers receive simultaneously streams of statistically stable, sharply focused signals intended for them, free of fading and interference. This indicates the rough multiplexing gain of $NB$ in channel capacity, with the maximal gain per unit {\em angular} cross section given by $BL^d \ell_c^{-d}$ where $L$ is the distance from the transmitters to the receivers. We show that under the ideal packing condition time reversal can result in a high signal-to-interference ratio and low probability of intercept, and hence is an effective means for achieving the information capacity of multi-path channels in the presence of multiple users (receivers).
Additional file 4 of Correlates of type 2 diabetes and glycaemic control in adults in Saudi Arabia a secondary data analysis of the Saudi health interview survey
Creators: name: Thamer Al Slamah
name: Nicholl, Barbara I.
name: Alslail, Fatima Y.
name: Harris, Leanne
name: Kinnear, Deborah
name: Melville, Craig A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 4 Glycaemic control analysis: Beta percentage change between largest and smallest models. Largest model refers to the first multivariate model with all variables included Smallest model refers to the model with one remaining statistically significant (p
title: Non-lithistid fossil Demospongiae
title: origins of their palaeobiodiversity and highlights in history of preservation
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Reitner, Joachim
name: Wörheide, G.
Publisher: name: Kluwer
Year: 2002

description: Available evidence suggests that the first demosponges occur in the Late Proterozoic, with forms characterized by bundles of long monaxonic spicules. In the Middle Devonian the first modern forms of Dendroceratida, ‘axinellids’ (mostly halichondrids), and first haplosclerids appeared. An important boundary for the demosponges is the Late Devonian extinction event, which caused a complete overhaul of demosponge communities. The Late Permian and the Triassic, especially the Late Triassic, are the main eras for coralline demosponge radiation and dominance, in which some modern taxa occur for the first time (Ceratoporella, Astrosclera, Vaceletia). In the Late Jurassic the freshwater environments were occupied by certain (marine) demosponges, mostly Haplosclerida. The importance of coralline demosponges as primary reef-builders decreases up to the Late Cretaceous.
Luminous Infrared Starbursts in a Cluster of Galaxies
Creators: name: Duc, Pierre-Alain
name: Fadda, Dario
name: Poggianti, Bianca
name: Elbaz, David
name: Biviano, Andrea
name: Flores, Hector
name: Moorwood, Alan
name: Franceschini, Alberto
name: Cesarsky, Catherine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Analysing mid--infrared ISOCAM images of the cluster of galaxies J1888.16CL, we identified among its members several particularly active galaxies with total infrared luminosities well above 10^{11} Lsun. If powered by dust enshrouded starbursts, as suggested by their optical spectra, these Luminous Infrared Galaxies would exhibit star formation rates surprisingly high in the cluster environment. The triggering mechanism is unclear but could be tidal collisions within sub-structures or infalling groups.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, proceedings of the IAU Colloquium 195, "Outskirts of Galaxy Clusters: intense life in the suburbs", A. Diafero, ed
Factors affecting cattle producers’ willingness to adopt an Escherichia coli O157:H7 vaccine: a probit analysis
Creators: name: Ochieng, Brian J.
name: Hobbs, Jill E.
name: Ochieng, Brian J.
name: Hobbs, Jill E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: binary probit
subject: food safety
subject: risk mitigation
subject: technology adoption
subject: locus of control
subject: beef

description: E. coli O157:H7 bacteria – a major cause of foodborne illness – occur naturally in the intestine of cattle but do not affect the health or productivity of the animal. A cattle vaccine that significantly reduces the risk of E. coli contamination was developed and commercialized in Canada and internationally, however, adoption by cattle producers remained extremely low. Utilizing data from a survey of cow-calf producers in western Canada, this paper examines the factors affecting cattle producers’ willingness to adopt the E. coli vaccine. Education, prior awareness of the vaccine, perception of who holds primary responsibility for E. coli risk reduction, and a producer’s external (versus internal) locus of control with respect to their ability to mitigate E. coli risks within the production environment are significant determinants of willingness to adopt. Adoption incentives are also evaluated, including policy interventions, market/supply chain incentives, production protocol, and producer reputation incentives. The analysis provides lessons for the development and commercialization of vaccines and other food safety intervention strategies that yield societal and supply chain benefits beyond the individual adopter.
Development and assessment of protective winter covers for marble statuaries of the Schlossbrücke, Berlin (Germany)
Creators: name: Ruedrich, Joerg
name: Rieffel, York
name: Pirskawetz, Stephan
name: Alpermann, Holger
name: Joksch, Ute
name: Gengnagel, Christoph
name: Weise, Frank
name: Plagge, Rudolph
name: Zhao, Jianhua
name: Siegesmund, Siegfried
Publisher: name: Springer-Verlag
Year: 2010

description: The present study documents the results of an inter-disciplinary model project that was planned with the aim of developing an innovative winter covering system for marble statuaries located on the Schlossbrücke (Berlin). Such a system would need to fulfil the various requirements for structural stability, aesthetics, climate and practical use. This applied research represents the first complex scientific study of the sustainability of a winter covering system. The study is characterised by the use of complex scientific instruments such as special laboratory analysis and numerical simulation tools. The interaction between the environment and the artefacts in connection with the innovative winter covering structures were studied by extensive climatic monitoring.
Possibility of exporting halal-certificated food in Hokkaido, Japan: acceptance by Malaysian consumers
Creators: name: Kubota, Satoko
name: Kono, Hiroichi
name: Chiba, Takuhiro
name: Kubota, Satoko
name: Kono, Hiroichi
name: Chiba, Takuhiro
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: export possibility
subject: halal certification
subject: food functionality
subject: conjoint analysis
subject: Malaysia

description: Expectations of exporting food and agricultural product to Malaysia have been substantially growing in Japan. Although Japan has two halal certification bodies recognized by Jabatan Kemajuan Islam Malaysia (JAKIM), it is unclear whether Malaysian consumers trust its certified processed foods. Thus, this study aims to clarify Malaysian consumers’ preference for Hokkaido ice cream by conducting a conjoint analysis. The results show no significant difference in the level of consumer trust in halal certifications, indicating a distribution based on both Malaysian and Japanese certification bodies. Therefore, it is possible that Malaysian consumers would accept Japanese products with a halal certification approved by JAKIM. In addition, the willingness to pay for Hokkaido ice cream reported a high satisfaction value. However, there is no significant effect on food functionality possibly because Malaysian consumers’ awareness of the health benefits remains low.
What do consumers think about farm animal welfare in modern agriculture? Attitudes and shopping behaviour
Creators: name: Heise, Heinke
name: Theuvsen, Ludwig
name: Heise, Heinke
name: Theuvsen, Ludwig
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: attitudes
subject: consumers
subject: cluster analysis
subject: farm animal welfare
subject: shopping behaviour

description: Several food crises damaged the image of the agricultural sector and consumers have lost trust, especially in animal production practices. Large parts of society believe that animal welfare standards in livestock production need to be improved. As a result, numerous animal welfare products have emerged on the market. This consumer paper identifies five clusters and, thus, strategic groups for the purchase of animal welfare products within the large group of consumers that differ significantly in their attitudes towards modern agriculture, their perception of animal welfare, their social acceptance of meat consumption and their shopping behaviour. Even personal differences are found between the clusters. Based on the results, we derived specific marketing implications for each cluster. These implications can help to develop a more differentiated market segment for animal welfare products in terms of animal welfare level and required price premium, enabling consumers to make product choices according to their preferences.
Chiral excitation of a single atom by a single photon in a guided mode of a nanofiber
Creators: name: Kien, Fam Le
name: Chormaic, Sile Nic
name: Busch, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the interaction between a single two-level atom and a single-photon probe pulse in a guided mode of a nanofiber. We examine the situation of chiral interaction, where the atom has a dipole rotating in the meridional plane of the nanofiber, and the probe pulse is quasilinearly polarized along the radial direction of the atom position in the fiber transverse plane. We show that the atomic excitation probability, the photon transmission flux, and the photon transmission probability depend on the propagation direction of the probe pulse along the fiber axis. In contrast, the reflection flux and the reflection probability do not depend on the propagation direction of the probe pulse. We find that the asymmetry parameter for the atomic excitation probability does not vary in time and does not depend on the probe pulse shape.
EFFECT OF WORKING CAPITAL MANAGEMENT ON PROFITABILITY: EVIDENCE FROM NON-MANUFACTURING FIRMS IN NIGERIA
Creators: name: Amibor,, Ngozi Helen
name: Gina, Oghogho Olufemi
Publisher: name: SADI JOURNALS
Year: 2024
Subjects: Working capital management, Current ratio, Sales to working capital ratio and Inventory turnover ratio and Profitability

description: This study determined the impact of operating capital control at the profitability of non-manufacturing companies in Nigeria. The have a look at followed the ex post facto research design; information was extracted from listed non-manufacturing companies on the floor of the Nigeria exchange institution (NGX). The sample consisted of one hundred-twenty-one (121) listed non-manufacturing corporations from the Nigeria exchange institution (NGX) for a length of 6 years (2016-2022). Descriptive analysis used to analyze data while the multiple regressions were used to test the hypotheses. The end result from the inferential facts discovered that modern-day ratio has no significant effect at the profitability of non-manufacturing corporations in Nigeria. Secondly, it found that income to working capital ratio have negative and significant impact on profitability of non-production firms in Nigeria. Ultimately, stock turnover ratio has effective and enormous influence on profitability of non-production firms in Nigeria. The study concluded that operating capital management has massive effect at the profitability of decided on non-production companies in Nigeria. The study encouraged the need for corporations to enhance on their potential to pay short-term debt that matures inside a year on the way to enhance profitability.
Exact dynamics and thermalization of open quantum systems coupled to reservoir through particle exchanges
Creators: name: Xiong, Fei-Lei
name: Zhang, Wei-Min
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we study the exact dynamics of general open systems interacting with its environment through particle exchanges. The paper includes two main results. First, by taking advantage of the propagating function in the coherent state representation, we solve the exact master equation, whose solution is expressed in terms of the Keldysh nonequilibrium Green functions. Second, in the dynamical perspective, we provide a rigorous thermalization process of open quantum systems.
description: 12 pages
Solitary pulses and periodic waves in the parametrically driven complex Ginzburg-Landau equation
Creators: name: Sakaguchi, Hidetsugu
name: Malomed, Boris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A one-dimensional model of a dispersive medium with intrinsic loss, compensated by a parametric drive, is proposed. It is a combination of the well-known parametrically driven nonlinear Schrödinger (NLS) and complex cubic Ginzburg-Landau equations, and has various physical applications (in particular, to optical systems). For the case when the zero background is stable, we elaborate an analytical approximation for solitary-pulse (SP) states. The analytical results are found to be in good agreement with numerical findings. Unlike the driven NLS equation, in the present model SPs feature a nontrivial phase structure. Combining the analytical and numerical methods, we identify a stability region for the SP solutions in the model's parameter space. Generally, the increase of the diffusion and nonlinear-loss parameters, which differ the present model from its driven-NLS counterpart, lead to shrinkage of the stability domain. At one border of the stability region, the SP is destabilized by the Hopf bifurcation, which converts it into a localized breather. Subsequent period doublings make internal vibrations of the breather chaotic. In the case when the zero background is unstable, hence SPs are irrelevant, we construct stationary periodic solutions, for which a very accurate analytical approximation is developed too. Stability of the periodic waves is tested by direct simulations.
description: 13pages, 8 figures. J. Phys. Soc. Japan, in press