cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Optimal Energy Scheduling and Sensitivity Analysis for Integrated Power-Water-Heat Systems
Creators: name: Fang, Sidun
name: Wang, Chenxu
name: Lin, Yashen
name: Zhao, Changhong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: The conventionally independent power, water, and heating networks are becoming more tightly connected, which motivates their joint optimal energy scheduling to improve the overall efficiency of an integrated energy system. However, such a joint optimization is known as a challenging problem with complex network constraints and couplings of electric, hydraulic, and thermal models that are nonlinear and nonconvex. We formulate an optimal power-water-heat flow (OPWHF) problem and develop a computationally efficient heuristic to solve it. The proposed heuristic decomposes OPWHF into subproblems, which are iteratively solved via convex relaxation and convex-concave procedure. Simulation results validate that the proposed framework can improve operational flexibility and social welfare of the integrated system, wherein the water and heating networks respond as virtual energy storage to time-varying energy prices and solar photovoltaic generation. Moreover, we perform sensitivity analysis to compare two modes of heating network control: by flow rate and by temperature. Our results reveal that the latter is more effective for heating networks with a wider space of pipeline parameters.
description: 12 pages, 13 figures, accepted to IEEE Systems Journal
Supply chain management practices in the Public sector-Best practices:
Creators: name: Παπαδοπούλου, Αρχοντή Γεωργίου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2014
Subjects: Διαχείριση Εφοδιαστικής Αλυσίδας
Προμήθειες
Δημόσιος Τομέας
Supply chain management
Procurement
Public sector

description: Στην εργασία αυτή, παρουσιάζονται και αναλύονται οι καλύτερες πρακτικές που έχουν εφαρμοστεί στη διαχείριση της εφοδιαστικής αλυσίδας του Δημόσιου τομέα. Εισαγωγικά παρατίθενται κάποια στοιχεία της βιβλιογραφίας που αφορούν τη γενική θεωρία της εφοδιαστικής αλυσίδας και στη συνέχεια το τι είναι η διαχείριση της εφοδιαστικής αλυσίδας στον Δημόσιο τομέα και ποιες λειτουργίες περιγράφει. Ιδιαίτερη βαρύτητα δίνεται στη διαδικασία της αλυσίδας που αφορά τις προμήθειες του Δημόσιου τομέα και τα συμβόλαια που αφορούν κρατικές προμήθειες. Στη συνέχεια περιγράφονται οι κρατικές προμήθειες του Ελληνικού Δημοσίου και το νομικό πλαίσιο που επικρατεί και περιγράφει διάφορα στάδια των προμηθειών. Έπεται το κεφάλαιο όπου αναφέρονται διάφορες καλές πρακτικές διαχείρισης της εφοδιαστικής αλυσίδας και μια τεχνική και οργανωτική εφαρμογή των βέλτιστων πρακτικών και αξιολόγηση των βέλτιστων πρακτικών στην εφοδιαστική αλυσίδα του δημόσιου τομέα. Ακολουθεί η μεθοδολογία και η ανάλυση της έρευνας στην οποία αναφέρεται η μελέτη περίπτωσης ως μέθοδος διεξαγωγής της έρευνας με τη λήψη στοιχείων με βάση την εσωτερική παρατήρηση των λειτουργιών της περίπτωσης, ως εργαζόμενη στην επιχείρηση, και τη λήψη συνεντεύξεων από σημαντικά στελέχη της επιχείρηση με τη χρήση ερωτήσεων ανοιχτού τύπου. Οι απαντήσεις των οποίων, θα ενσωματώνονται στην περιγραφή της εταιρίας ως προκύπτουσα στοιχεία και όχι τόσο με την παράθεση ολόκληρων προτάσεων που έχουν δοθεί ως ανάλυση της μελέτης περίπτωσης. Τέλος, γίνεται μια ανάλυση επί της εφαρμογής κάποιων από των καλύτερων πρακτικών στην επιχείρηση και παραθέτονται συνοπτικά κάποια συμπεράσματα.
description: At this thesis, best practices that have been applied at supply chain management in public sector are represented and analyzed. As an introduction, general information is given about the theory of supply chain management and then of what it applies in public sector. High importance is given in the process called procurement of public sector (different stages, legal framework) and specifically in the part of contracting. The chapter that describes best practices of supply chain management and an application of these practices and their evaluation is next. It follows the description of the methodology used and the way that the outcomes are represented, in the form of description of the firm being analyzed as a case study. Finally an analysis of the implication of some practices in the firm is given and the results are shortly represented.
Nowhere minimal CR submanifolds and Levi-flat hypersurfaces
Creators: name: Lebl, Jiri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 32V40 (Primary), 32C07

description: A local uniqueness property of holomorphic functions on real-analytic nowhere minimal CR submanifolds of higher codimension is investigated. A sufficient condition called almost minimality is given and studied. A weaker necessary condition, being contained a possibly singular real-analytic Levi-flat hypersurface is studied and characterized. This question is completely resolved for algebraic submanifolds of codimension 2 and a sufficient condition for noncontainment is given for non algebraic submanifolds. As a consequence, an example of a submanifold of codimension 2, not biholomorphically equivalent to an algebraic one, is given. We also investigate the structure of singularities of Levi-flat hypersurfaces.
description: 21 pages; conjecture 2.8 was removed in proof; to appear in J. Geom. Anal
Φασματοσκοπία Raman και τεχνικές AFM για την ανίχνευση βιολογικών δειγμάτων για εγκληματολογικούς σκοπούς.:
Creators: name: Μαρσουβανίδης, Νικόλαος Γεωργίου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2014
Subjects: Ιατροδικαστική
Φασματοσκοπία Raman
Μικροσκοπία ατομικών Δυνάμεων
Forensic Medicine
Raman Spectroscopy
Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM)

description: H παρούσα διπλωματική εργασία χωρίζεται σε δυο βασικά μέρη, το θεωρητικό και το πειραματικό. Στο θεωρητικό μέρος αρχικά γίνεται μια σύντομη εισαγωγή στην Φασματοσκοπία Raman και την απεικόνιση με AFM, ως τεχνικές χαρακτηρισμού. Έπειτα παρουσιάζονται οι κυριότερες εφαρμογές των τεχνικών αυτών σε διάφορους τομείς της εγκληματολογικής έρευνας και ιδιαίτερα στην έρευνα του τόπου ενός εγκλήματος και την εξέταση των πειστηρίων (αποδεικτικών στοιχείων). Το πειραματικό σκέλος της εργασίας περιλαμβάνει την μελέτη φασμάτων Raman από κηλίδες αίματος που προέρχονται από διαφορετικούς δότες καθώς και τη δυνατότητα ανίχνευσης-ταυτοποίησης των κηλίδων με τη βοήθεια της Μικροσκοπίας Ατομικών Δυνάμεων. Τα αποτελέσματα έδειξαν ότι το φάσμα Raman κάθε δείγματος περιέχει τις ίδιες σημαντικές κορυφές που είναι συγκεκριμένες και αντιστοιχούν στη γνωστή σύνθεση του αίματος, ενώ η απεικόνιση με AFM αποκαλύπτει εικόνες των χαρακτηριστικών ερυθρών αιμοσφαιρίων. Επιπλέον μια χρονικά εξαρτώμενη αλλαγή στη μορφολογία των ερυθρών αιμοσφαιρίων ήταν εμφανής. Κλείνοντας, παρατίθενται τα συμπεράσματα και κάποιες μελλοντικές προοπτικές από τα αποτελέσματα της παρούσας διπλωματικής εργασίας.
description: This diploma thesis is divided into two parts, the theoretical and the experimental. Initially, in the theoretical part a brief introduction to Raman spectroscopy and AFM imaging is made, as techniques of characterization. Then the major applications of these techniques in various sectors of forensic research and particularly in crime scene investigation and evidence analysis, are presented. The experimental part of this work includes the study of Raman spectra of bloodstains from different donors as well as the possibility of bloodstains detection using AFM imaging. The results showed that the Raman spectrum of each sample contains the same important peaks which are specific and correlate to the known composition of blood, while AFM imaging reveals pictures of characteristic red blood cells indicating the presence of blood. Furthermore a time dependent change in their morphology was evident. In conclusion, some comments concerning the results of this thesis and certain future prospects are mentioned.
The aerobic biological treatibility of a high strength mixed petrochemical industrial sludge
Creators: name: Whalen, Thomas F.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Investigations were performed on the aerobic biological degradation potential of a high-strength, industrial sludge from the Chatterton Petrochemical site in Delta, BC. The sludge was located at the bottom of one of the wastewater treatment equalization lagoons. The lagoon was used to store process water and on site drainage from the Phenol processing plant operations. The plant had been in operation from 1961 to 1991. The sludge contained high concentrations of: Phenol, Diphenyl, Diphenyl Ether, Diphenyl Methane and Xylene and had a Total COD of over 250 000 mg/L. It also contained over 1000 mg/L of copper and cobalt. Treatment was initially attempted using a Modified Batch Process (MBP). Nine batches were run, to determine the best initial sludge loading level in the treatment system and to assess the degree of treatability of the waste mixture. In each set of experiments, a control was run to determine the degree of volatilization of the organic compounds from the waste. Twenty litre batches, having been diluted up to ten times, were run for more than forty days. In later batches, due to microorganism growth problems, both ammonia and phosphorus were added to the system; phosphorus was needed both for the growth of microorganisms and the precipitation of dissolved copper. The performance of the systems was monitored using Total COD, Total BOD and the concentration of selected target organics present in the mixture. The most notable batch data resulted from a reactor loaded with an initial Total COD of approximately 30 000 mg/L. All the organic compounds of the sludge were removed from the mixture to below the detection limit of the Gas Chromatograph and the Total B0D was reduced to a negligible concentration. The success of the run was attributed, in part, to the high concentration of phosphorus present in the system. The concentration was 100 mg/L higher than the nutrient requirements of the culture and the elevated nutrient loading apparently resulted in the precipitation of much of the dissolved copper present in the reactor. The control showed that when the system was run under ideal conditions, the loss due to volatilization could be limited to less than 5%, based on Total COD. The system was then modified to operate as a True Batch Process (TBP). Treatment was attempted by keeping 75% of the previous run's final product in the reactor, while inputting a new load of sludge and dilution water to make up the volume difference. Results from the run indicated that treatment kinetics of the new system were three time faster than the best batch run based on Total BOD degradation. All of the organic compounds had been removed to below the detection limit of the Gas Chromatograph in the end product sludge. However, questions remained about the accumulation of copper in a true batch treatment system. Pretreatment of the sludge to remove copper may be necessary to achieve the high Total BOD removal rates seen in the true batch system.
Exoplanet Transit Parallax
Creators: name: Scharf, Caleb A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The timing and duration of exoplanet transits has a dependency on observer position due to parallax. In the case of an Earth-bound observer with a 2 AU baseline the dependency is typically small and slightly beyond the limits of current timing precision capabilities. However, it can become an important systematic effect in high-precision repeated transit measurements for long period systems due to its relationship to secular perspective acceleration phenomena. In this short paper we evaluate the magnitude and characteristics of transit parallax in the case of exoplanets using simplified geometric examples. We also discuss further implications of the effect, including its possible exploitation to provide immediate confirmation of planetary transits and/or unique constraints on orbital parameters and orientations.
description: 12 Pages, 3 Figures, Accepted for publication in ApJ
PARTHENOS D7.5 Embedding PARTHENOS Training into Higher Education Curricula. Report on activities of Task 7.4
Creators: name: Edmond, Jennifer
name: Garnett, Vicky
name: Goulis, Helen
name: Schuster, Kristen
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Higher Educational Curricula
Training Practice
Research Infrastructure
Digital Humanities
Research Data Management Module
PARTHENOS Training Suite

description: Deliverable 7.5 is a report on the activities of Task 7.4, which investigated academic curricula in Digital Humanities-related courses across Europe, and how research infrastructures and issues related to research infrastructures are represented in higher education. This was done through desk research, an online survey, a conference roundtable session (at DH Benelux in Amsterdam, 2018) and course providers' workshops. Finally, taking direction from this research activity, the PARTHENOS Training Materials were embedded into a research data management module at King's College London delivered in Autumn 2018. The efficacy of the PARTHENOS materials in this module was evaluated, which is presented in this report along with recommendations for future course design. All PARTHENOS deliverables are available at: http://www.parthenos-project.eu/resources/projects-deliverables
Nonquasilinear evolution of particle velocity in incoherent waves with random amplitudes
Creators: name: Elskens, Yves
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The one-dimensional motion of $N$ particles in the field of many incoherent waves is revisited numerically. When the wave complex amplitudes are independent, with a gaussian distribution, the quasilinear approximation is found to always overestimate transport and to become accurate in the limit of infinite resonance overlap.
description: 8 pages Elsevier style. Communications in Nonlinear Science and Numerical Simulation accepted (2008) in press
Μελέτη και σχεδίαση συστήματος καταγραφής για την υποβοήθηση της λειτουργίας αυτοπροσαρμοζόμενων συστημάτων.
Creators: name: Μαΐδης, Κωνσταντίνος Ανέστη
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2014
Subjects: Καταγραφή κινήσεων ποντικιού
Αναγνώριση προτύπων κινήσεων ποντικιού
Οπτικοποίηση κινήσεων ποντικιού
Mouse-tracking implementation
Mouse pattern recognition and analysis
Mouse trajectories visualization

description: Πρόσφατες μελέτες που βασίστηκαν στην επικοινωνία ανθρώπου υπολογιστή έδειξαν ότι τα ερεθίσματα του χρήστη αποκαλύπτουν μια επικαλυπτόμενη γνωσιακή διεργασία. Μετρήσεις στις κινήσεις του χεριού και των εκφράσεων του προσώπου ίσως μας βοηθήσουν να αντιληφθούμε έναν μεγάλο όγκο ψυχολογικών διεργασιών που σχετίζεται με την άμεση (real-time) αντίδραση του χρήστη στην αλληλεπίδραση με ένα υπολογιστικό σύστημα. Στην παρακάτω μελέτη έγινε μια προσπάθεια να καταγραφούν οι κινήσεις του χρήστη από το ποντίκι και το πληκτρολόγιο, ώστε να γίνουν εργαλείο μελέτης. Το εργαλείο αυτό εκμεταλλεύεται την τεχνολογία των φυλλομετρητών και τη διαδεδομένη χρήση τους, ώστε να προσεγγίσει μια ρεαλιστική και άμεση ανάλυση των δεδομένων που συλλέγει. Γραφήματα και αναλυτικά δεδομένα περιγράφουν όσο το δυνατόν πιο πειστικά την αλληλεπιδραση του χρήστη με το σύστημα.
description: Recent studies in human-computer interaction showed that user stimulus reveal real-time dynamics of a wide range of cognitive processes. Tracking of the motor moves of the hand and the expressions of the face can help us analyze a large volume of psychological tasks that connect with real-time reaction of the users. This present thesis was the study of the effects of mind cognition on motor behavior and an effort to implement a tool of mouse tracking. This implementation takes advantage of the rising use of the internet and browsers, in order to achieve a direct and real time analysis of the data collections. Charts and visualization tools are implemented to describe in different ways the experience of the user and his interaction with the computational systems.
description: Σε συνεργασία με το τμήμα Λογιστικής και Χρηματοοικονομικής (Πανεπιστήμιο Μακεδονίας)
Robust Survivability-Oriented Scheduling of Separable Mobile Energy Storage and Demand Response for Isolated Distribution Systems
Creators: name: Wang, Wei
name: He, Yufei
name: Xiong, Xiaofu
name: Chen, Hongzhou
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Extreme circumstances in which a local distribution system is electrically isolated from the main power supply may not always be avoidable. Efforts must be made to keep the lights on for such an isolated distribution system (IDS) until reconnection to the main power source. In this paper, we propose a strategy to enhance IDS survivability utilizing the coordination of two flexible approaches, namely, separable energy storage systems (SMESSs), which construct non-wires links for energy transmission between the IDS and the external live power sources, and demand response (DR), which adjusts the internal electrical demand of the IDS to provide effective operating stress alleviation. Considering the uncertainty of renewable energy generation and loads, a two-stage robust optimization (RO) model involving the joint scheduling of these two approaches is constructed. The objective is to minimize the fuel consumption and the decreased and nonserved demand under the worst-case scenario to endow the IDS with extended survivability. Finally, test is conducted and the results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method in enhancing the survivability of IDS.
description: Accepted by IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery
Gender Inequity in Education Worldwide
Creators: name: Jedrykowski, Alyssa
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: This thesis discusses gender inequity across twelve diverse countries, including Niger, Haiti, the Central African Republic, India, Afghanistan, Ecuador, Guatemala, China, the United States, Canada, the Netherlands, and Finland. The research aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of gender disparities by examining socio-cultural, economic, and political factors within various countries, emphasizing the importance of addressing gender disparities and promoting inclusivity globally.

The thesis is organized into the following sections. First, a review of the literature provides context to the topic of gender inequity in education. This is followed by a discussion and overview of various sociological theories that contribute to our understanding of this subject matter. The third section explains the methodology designed to conduct the study. Subsequently, the results are presented, categorized by country. A thematic discussion of the findings follows to enhance our understanding of their importance. Finally, the thesis concludes with a discussion on the significance of the results and a call to action.

The findings reveal varying degrees of gender inequity, with disparities evident in educational opportunities, workforce participation, political representation, and health outcomes. Common themes of gender inequity emerge across the countries, with socio-cultural barriers playing a significant role. Patriarchal attitudes, limited roles for women, and traditional views on gender roles contribute to early marriages, restricted autonomy, and gender-based violence. A call to action is presented to ensure that every girl and woman around the world has the opportunity and ability to reach their full academic potential.
Destination exoplanet: Habitability conditions influenced by stellar winds properties
Creators: name: Chebly, Judy J.
name: Alvarado-Gómez, Julián D.
name: Poppenhaeger, Katja
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Exoplanets
cool stars

description: The most abundant stars in the universe - cool stars - have stellar winds. The importance of these magnetized winds is not confined to one area of study, it spans regulating processes in astrophysics such as magnetic activity and rotational evolution of stars to processes shaping exoplanet atmospheres. We are using one of the most detailed solar models that exist to date (the Space Weather Modelling Framework) and apply it to stellar winds. In this preliminary study we focus on how the magnetic field geometry affects the stellar wind properties to better understand star-planet interaction. In order to fulfill this objective, we are creating a comprehensive grid of numerical models by varying different parameters, among them the stellar rotation period, magnetic field strength, and the field geometry. Here we show results from the variation of the magnetic field geometry and strength. We find that the Alfvén surface is larger for stronger and less complex fields, and the wind speed increases for stronger magnetic fields. For further investigation, we will continue exploring the grid of parameters with the ultimate goal of putting constraints on planetary habitability.
description: {"references": ["Cohen, O.; Drake, J. J. (2014). A Grid of MHD Models for Stellar Mass Loss and Spin-down Rates of Solar Analogs to arXiv:1309.5953", "Gombosi, Tamas I.; van der Holst, Bart; Manchester, Ward B.; Sokolov, Igor V. (2018). Extended MHD modeling of the steady solar corona and the solar wind to arXiv:1807.00417", "Garraffo, Cecilia; Drake, Jeremy J.; Cohen, Ofer (2015). Magnetic Complexity as an Explanation for Bimodal Rotation Populations among Young Stars to arXiv:1506.01713", "Alvarado-G\u00f3mez, J. D.; Hussain, G. A. J.; Cohen, O.; Drake, J. J.; Garraffo, C.; Grunhut, J.; Gombosi, T. I. (2016). Simulating the environment around planet-hosting stars. II. Stellar winds and inner astrospheres to arXiv:1607.08405", "Vidotto, A. A.; Gregory, S. G.; Jardine, M.; Donati, J. F.; Petit, P.; Morin, J.; Folsom, C. P., (2014). Stellar magnetism: empirical trends with age and rotation to arXiv:1404.2733"]}
Spectral formulation of the boundary integral equation method for antiplane problems
Creators: name: Ranjith, Kunnath
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A spectral formulation of the boundary integral equation method for antiplane problems is presented. The boundary integral equation method relates the slip and the shear stress at an interface between two half-planes. It involves evaluating a space-time convolution of the shear stress or the slip at the interface. In the spectral formulation, the convolution with respect to the spatial coordinate is performed in the spectral domain. This leads to greater numerical efficiency. Prior work on the spectral formulation of the boundary integral equation method has performed the elastodynamic convolution of the slip at the interface. In the present work, the convolution is performed of the shear stress at the interface. The spectral formulation is developed both for an interface between identical solids and for a bi-material interface. It is validated by numerically calculating the response of the interface to harmonic and to impulsive disturbances and comparing with known analytical solutions. To illustrate use of the method, dynamic slip rupture propagation with a slip-weakening friction law is simulated.
description: In Press
Heisenberg's Uncertainty Principle
Creators: name: Busch, P.
name: Heinonen, T.
name: Lahti, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Heisenberg's uncertainty principle is usually taken to express a limitation of operational possibilities imposed by quantum mechanics. Here we demonstrate that the full content of this principle also includes its positive role as a condition ensuring that mutually exclusive experimental options can be reconciled if an appropriate trade-off is accepted. The uncertainty principle is shown to appear in three manifestations, in the form of uncertainty relations: for the widths of the position and momentum distributions in any quantum state; for the inaccuracies of any joint measurement of these quantities; and for the inaccuracy of a measurement of one of the quantities and the ensuing disturbance in the distribution of the other quantity. Whilst conceptually distinct, these three kinds of uncertainty relations are shown to be closely related formally. Finally, we survey models and experimental implementations of joint measurements of position and momentum and comment briefly on the status of experimental tests of the uncertainty principle.
description: published version
Toward Taming the Overhead Monster for Data-Flow Integrity
Creators: name: Feng, Lang
name: Huang, Jiayi
name: Huang, Jeff
name: Hu, Jiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Hardware Architecture (cs.AR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Data-Flow Integrity (DFI) is a well-known approach to effectively detecting a wide range of software attacks. However, its real-world application has been quite limited so far because of the prohibitive performance overhead it incurs. Moreover, the overhead is enormously difficult to overcome without substantially lowering the DFI criterion. In this work, an analysis is performed to understand the main factors contributing to the overhead. Accordingly, a hardware-assisted parallel approach is proposed to tackle the overhead challenge. Simulations on SPEC CPU 2006 benchmark show that the proposed approach can completely enforce the DFI defined in the original seminal work while reducing performance overhead by 4x, on average.
description: 24 pages, 16 figures, published in ACM Transactions on Design Automation of Electronic Systems
Damage indices for reinforced concrete frames : evaluation and correlation
Creators: name: Villemure, Isabelle
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of damage indicators for predicting damage in reinforced concrete structures. Two damage assessment approaches were investigated. One of these approaches leads to damage indices based on structural properties. The other approach leads to damage indices based on structural dynamic characteristics. Both approaches were used to characterize the damage of five 0.45 scale reinforced concrete bridge bents that were subjected to lateral slow cyclic loading at the Structures Laboratory of the University of British Columbia. These bents were tested as part of a seismic retrofit program undertaken by the Ministry of Transportation and Highways of British Columbia (MOTH), in collaboration with Klohn-Crippen Consultants and the University of British Columbia. The specimens underwent lateral slow cyclic loading which was monotonically increased until failure or very significant damage of the specimen occurred. During the loading process, load-deformation relationships were determined to assess structural properties of the specimens. Vibration measurement tests (ambient and impact testing) were performed at different stages of the loading cycles in order to identify the dynamic properties of the specimens. Damage assessment based on structural properties, such as displacement, stiffness and energy absorption, consisted in the evaluation of three damage indices: displacement ductility, modified stiffness ratio and the modified Park and Ang index. For the five specimens tested in the laboratory, these three indices were evaluated at different stages of damage as the displacement level increased. Damage based on dynamic properties, such as natural frequencies and damping ratios, was assessed using three damage indices: ultimate stiffness degradation, maximum softening and normalized damping ratio.For each damage index considered in this study, the specimens were ranked according to their performance and the results from these evaluations were compared with the physical damage observed at different stages of the load testing. The results of the study showed that the agreement between analytical predictions and experimental observations was, in general, satisfactory. This study also indicated that, while two of the structural damage indices could provide some indication on the failure mode, none of the modal damage indices could give specific information on the failure mode (shear/flexure). Finally, comparison of index values from the two approaches indicated that modal damage indices generally provide a better damage characterization than structural damage indices.
Σύγχρονες προσεγγίσεις της Aριστοτελικής «πρώτης ύλης».:
Creators: name: Καρύδας, Μάλαμας Αγαπητού
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2014
Subjects: Αριστοτέλης
Πρώτη ύλη
Ύλη
Aristotle
First matter
Matter

description: Το ζήτημα της «πρώτης ὕλης» αποτέλεσε ένα εξέχουσας σημασίας θέμα προς μελέτη από την εποχή που τέθηκε από τον Σταγειρίτη φιλόσοφο έως και τις ημέρες μας. Αποτελεί, δηλαδή, σε έναν μεγάλο βαθμό για τους σύγχρονους μελετητές του 20ού και πλέον του 21ου αιώνα, πρόβλημα ερμηνείας και μάλιστα με διττό τρόπο. Οι δύο αυτές κατευθύνσεις είναι: (α) πώς ο Αριστοτέλης αντιλαμβανόταν –στο βαθμό που θεωρούμε ότι αντιλαμβανόταν– μια τέτοια έννοια, όπως αυτή της πρώτης ὕλης; Και (β) πώς μπορούμε εμείς να την εννοήσουμε σήμερα; Συνοπτικά, μπορούμε να αναφέρουμε ότι έχουν προταθεί τρεις βασικές ερμηνείες/κατευθύνσεις όσον αφορά στη σημασία/έννοια της πρώτης ὕλης, οι οποίες και αποτελούν πλέον την έκφραση μιας εποικοδομητικής διαμάχης που λειτουργεί επάνω σε έναν σύγχρονο προβληματισμό γύρω από το ευρύτερο πεδίο της φύσης γενικότερα. Από τις ως άνω, λοιπόν, προταθείσες ερμηνείες (αρνητική, μετριοπαθής, θετική) και τον τρόπο με τον οποίο έχουν απασχολήσει τους φιλοσόφους θα επιχειρήσουμε να μελετήσουμε το πολύ βασικό ερώτημα που ανακύπτει για τη «φύση» της πρώτης ὕλης. Με άλλα λόγια, τίθεται το ερώτημα: εάν αυτή η θεωρία της Αριστοτελικής πρώτης ὕλης, όπως έχει ονοματιστεί, μπορεί να αντιστοιχεί σε μια φυσική πραγματικότητα ή όχι.
description: The issue of "first matter" constituted a subject of paramount importance to study from the time set by the philosopher Aristotle up to our days. For modern scholars of the 20th and the 21st century, this issue is to a large extent a problem of interpretation in a dual way. These two aspects are: (a) how did Aristotle perceive –to the extend we assume he perceived– such a concept as this of first matter? And (b) how can we comprehend it nowadays? We can say briefly that three basic interpretations /guidances have been proposed regarding the notion/concept of the first matter which now reflect the expression of a constructive controversy that functions onto a contemporary questioning on the broader field of nature in general. Therefore, from the above proposed interpretations (negative, moderate, positive) and the way in which they have occupied philosophers, we will make the attempt to study the very basic question that arises and concerns the 'nature' of the first matter. In other words, the arising question is if this Aristotelian theory of first matter, as has been named, may correspond to a physical reality or not.
Resonant CP Violation due to Heavy Neutrinos at the LHC
Creators: name: Bray, Simon
name: Lee, Jae Sik
name: Pilaftsis, Apostolos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The observed light neutrinos may be related to the existence of new heavy neutrinos in the spectrum of the SM. If a pair of heavy neutrinos has nearly degenerate masses, then CP violation from the interference between tree-level and self-energy graphs can be resonantly enhanced. We explore the possibility of observing CP asymmetries due to this mechanism at the LHC. We consider a pair of heavy neutrinos N_{1,2} with masses ranging from 100 to 500 GeV and a mass-splitting Δm_N = m_{N_2}-m_{N_1} comparable to their widths Γ_{N_{1,2}}. We find that for Δm_N ~ Γ_{N_{1,2}}, the resulting CP asymmetries can be very large or even maximal and therefore, could potentially be observed at the LHC.
description: 25 pages,LaTeX, typo in (4.22) corrected
Quantum repetition codes as building blocks of large period discrete time crystals
Creators: name: Bomantara, Raditya Weda
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Discrete time crystals (DTCs) are nonequilibrium phases of matter with exotic observable dynamics. Among their remarkable features is their response to a periodic drive at a fraction of its frequency. Current successful experiments are however only limited to realizing DTCs with period-doubling and period-tripling observable dynamics, forming only a very small subset of DTC phases. Creating larger periodic DTCs in the lab remains a longstanding challenge, yet it is necessary for developing the technological applications of DTCs, e.g., as a quantum memory for highly-entangled qubits, or exploring interesting features beyond subharmonic dynamics, e.g., condensed matter phenomena in the time domain. By highlighting the connection between DTCs and quantum error correction, we devise a general and realistic scheme for building DTCs exhibiting any large period observable dynamics, which is observable even at sufficiently small system sizes. Our proposal uses an array of spin-1/2 chains to simulate a repetition code at the hardware level, which has essential properties to realize robust observable dynamics. It is readily implemented with existing superconducting or trapped-ion quantum processors, making new families of DTCs experimentally accessible in the immediate future.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures. Published version
Quantum Fluctuations, Temperature and Detuning Effects in Solid-Light Systems
Creators: name: Aichhorn, Markus
name: Hohenadler, Martin
name: Tahan, Charles
name: Littlewood, Peter B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The superfluid to Mott insulator transition in cavity polariton arrays is analyzed using the variational cluster approach, taking into account quantum fluctuations exactly on finite length scales. Phase diagrams in one and two dimensions exhibit important non-mean-field features. Single-particle excitation spectra in the Mott phase are dominated by particle and hole bands separated by a Mott gap. In contrast to Bose-Hubbard models, detuning allows for changing the nature of the bosonic particles from quasi-localized excitons to polaritons to weakly interacting photons. The Mott state with density one exists up to temperatures $T/g\gtrsim0.03$, implying experimentally accessible temperatures for realistic cavity couplings $g$.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, to appear in Phys. Rev. Letters
Cover Crop Trends, Programs, and Practices in the United States
Creators: name: Wallander, Steven
name: Smith, David
name: Bowman, Maria
name: Claassen, Roger
name: Wallander, Steven
name: Smith, David
name: Bowman, Maria
name: Claassen, Roger
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Farm Management
subject: cover crop
subject: conservation practice
subject: soil health
subject: conservation program
subject: financial assistance
subject: erosion
subject: tillage

description: On U.S. cropland, the use of cover crops increased by 50 percent between 2012 and 2017. Over this same period, Federal and State conservation programs have increased efforts to promote cover crops through financial and technical assistance. Based on a series of farm- and field-level surveys, this report details how cover crops are managed on corn, cotton, soybean, and wheat fields.
Weighing the Galactic disk using phase-space spirals I. Tests on one-dimensional simulations
Creators: name: Widmark, Axel
name: Laporte, Chervin F. P.
name: de Salas, Pablo F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new method for inferring the gravitational potential of the Galactic disk, using the time-varying structure of a phase-space spiral in the $(z,w)$-plane (where $z$ and $w$ represent vertical position and vertical velocity). Our method of inference extracts information from the shape of the spiral and disregards the bulk density distribution that is usually used to perform dynamical mass measurements. In this manner, it is complementary to traditional methods that are based on the assumption of a steady state. Our method consists of fitting an analytical model for the phase-space spiral to data, where the spiral is seen as a perturbation of the stellar number density in the $(z,w)$-plane. We tested our method on one-dimensional simulations, which were initiated in a steady state and then perturbed by an external force similar to that of a passing satellite. We were able to retrieve the true gravitational potentials of the simulations with high accuracy. The gravitational potential at 400-500 parsec distances from the disk mid-plane was inferred with an error of only a few percent. This is the first paper of a series in which we plan to test and refine our method on more complex simulations, as well as apply our method to Gaia data.
description: 16 pages, 12 figures
PINES: First Year Operations and Photometric Performance
Creators: name: Tamburo, Patrick
name: Muirhead, Philip S.
name: McCarthy, Allison
name: Hart, Murdock
name: Skinner, Julie
name: Vos, Johanna
name: Bardalez Gagliuffi, Daniella
name: Faherty, Jacqueline
name: Agol, Eric
name: Theissen, Christopher
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Very low mass stars
Brown dwarfs
Exoplanets
Exosatellites
Surveys

description: The Perkins INfrared Exosatellite Survey (PINES) is a search for transiting satellites (planets or moons) around a sample of almost 400 spectroscopically confirmed L- and T-type dwarfs. The survey is conducted with the 1.8-m Perkins telescope located in Anderson Mesa, Arizona, and utilizes near-infrared observations to enable the highest photometric precision possible on intrinsically faint L and T dwarfs. This is the most ambitious photometric monitoring campaign of L and T dwarfs to date, and a detailed simulation suggests that a handful of transiting companions will be detected over the course of the three-year survey. The survey will probe an unexplored region of exoplanet parameter space, and will potentially provide excellent targets for future atmospheric characterization. An overview of PINES is provided, focusing on the survey's target sample, telescope facility, and observational strategy. The first year of PINES observations is detailed, along with the custom photometric pipeline that we have built to generate lightcurves from raw PINES data. Finally, example lightcurves are shown, and typical planet detection sensitivity is estimated.
description: {"references": ["Clemens, D. P., Sarcia, D., Grabau, A., et al. 2007, PASP, 119, 1385. doi:10.1086/524775", "Murray, C. A., Delrez, L., Pedersen, P. P., et al. 2020, MNRAS, 495, 2446. doi:10.1093/mnras/staa1283", "Tamburo, P. & Muirhead, P. S. 2019, PASP, 131, 114401. doi:10.1088/1538-3873/ab3a1e"]}
Inclusive Search for New Physics with Like-Sign Dilepton Events in ppbar Collisions at sqrt{s} = 1.96 TeV
Creators: name: CDF Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe a search for anomalous production of events with two leptons ($e$ or $μ$) of the same electric charge in \ppbar collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 1.96 TeV. Many extensions to the standard model predict the production of two leptons of the same electric charge. This search has a significant increase in sensitivity compared to earlier searches. Using a data sample corresponding to 1 \invfb of integrated luminosity recorded by the CDF II detector, we observe no significant excess in an inclusive selection (expect $33.2\pm4.7$ events, observe 44) or in a SUSY-optimized selection (expect $7.8\pm1.1$ events, observe 13.)
description: replaced with published version
Prozesstreue Parametrisierung und Kalibrierung eines Wasserhaushaltsmodells
Creators: name: Casper, Markus C.
Publisher: name: Bundesanstalt für Gewässerkunde, Koblenz
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Water resources research

description: Hydrologie und Wasserbewirtschaftung / BfG – Jahrgang: 59.2015,4 - ISSN 1439-1783
Reconstruction of the neutrino mass as a function of redshift
Creators: name: Lorenz, Christiane S.
name: Funcke, Lena
name: Löffler, Matthias
name: Calabrese, Erminia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We reconstruct the neutrino mass as a function of redshift, z, from current cosmological data using both standard binned priors and linear spline priors with variable knots. Using cosmic microwave background temperature, polarization and lensing data, in combination with distance measurements from baryonic acoustic oscillations and supernovae, we find that the neutrino mass is consistent with $\sum m_ν(z)$ = const. We obtain a larger bound on the neutrino mass at low redshifts coinciding with the onset of dark energy domination, $\sum m_ν(z = 0)$ < 1.46 eV (95% CL). This result can be explained either by the well-known degeneracy between $\sum m_ν$ and $Ω_Λ$ at low redshifts, or by models in which neutrino masses are generated very late in the Universe. We finally convert our results into cosmological limits for models with non-relativistic neutrino decay and find $\sum m_ν$ < 0.21 eV (95% CL), which would be out of reach for the KATRIN experiment.
description: 18 pages, 4 figures, includes updates to match the version accepted by Phys. Rev. D
Dynamical orbital evolution scenarios of the wide-orbit eccentric planet HR 5183b
Creators: name: Mustill, Alexander J.
name: Davies, Melvyn B.
name: Blunt, Sarah
name: Howard, Andrew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recently-discovered giant exoplanet HR5183b exists on a wide, highly-eccentric orbit ($a=18$\,au, $e=0.84$). Its host star possesses a common proper-motion companion which is likely on a bound orbit. In this paper, we explore scenarios for the excitation of the eccentricity of the planet in binary systems such as this, considering planet-planet scattering, Lidov-Kozai cycles from the binary acting on a single-planet system, or Lidov-Kozai cycles acting on a two-planet system that also undergoes scattering. Planet-planet scattering, in the absence of a binary companion, has a $2.8-7.2\%$ probability of pumping eccentricities to the observed values in our simulations, depending on the relative masses of the two planets. Lidov-Kozai cycles from the binary acting on an initially circular orbit can excite eccentricities to the observed value, but require very specific orbital configurations for the binary and overall there is a low probability of catching the orbit at the high observed high eccentricity ($0.6\%$). The best case is provided by planet-planet scattering in the presence of a binary companion: here, the scattering provides the surviving planet with an initial eccentricity boost that is subsequently further increased by Kozai cycles from the binary. We find a success rate of $14.5\%$ for currently observing $e\ge0.84$ in this set-up. The single-planet plus binary and two-planet plus binary cases are potentially distinguishable if the mutual inclination of the binary and the planet can be measured, as the latter permits a broader range of mutual inclinations. The combination of scattering and Lidov-Kozai forcing may also be at work in other wide-orbit eccentric giant planets, which have a high rate of stellar binary companions.
description: Accepted to MNRAS. A simple board game based on the paper may be found at http://filestore.astro.lu.se/research/alex/HR5183b.pdf
Further Evidence for an Elliptical Instability in Rotating Fluid Bars and Ellipsoidal Stars
Creators: name: Ou, Shangli
name: Tohline, Joel E.
name: Motl, Patrick M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using a three-dimensional nonlinear hydrodynamic code, we examine the dynamical stability of more than twenty self-gravitating, compressible, ellipsoidal fluid configurations that initially have the same velocity structure as Riemann S-type ellipsoids. Our focus is on ``adjoint'' configurations, in which internal fluid motions dominate over the collective spin of the ellipsoidal figure; Dedekind-like configurations are among this group. We find that, although some models are stable and some are moderately unstable, the majority are violently unstable toward the development of $m=1$, $m=3$, and higher-order azimuthal distortions that destroy the coherent, $m=2$ bar-like structure of the initial ellipsoidal configuration on a dynamical time scale. The parameter regime over which our models are found to be unstable generally corresponds with the regime over which incompressible Riemann S-type ellipsoids have been found to be susceptible to an elliptical strain instability \citep{LL96}. We therefore suspect that an elliptical instability is responsible for the destruction of our compressible analogs of Riemann ellipsoids. The existence of the elliptical instability raises concerns regarding the final fate of neutron stars that encounter the secular bar-mode instability and regarding the spectrum of gravitational waves that will be radiated from such systems.
description: 28 pages, submitted to ApJ, quicktime movies are available at: http://www.phys.lsu.edu/~ou/movie/s_type/index.html
Evaluation of point forecasts for extreme events using consistent scoring functions
Creators: name: Taggart, Robert J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 62C05, 91B06

description: We present a method for comparing point forecasts in a region of interest, such as the tails or centre of a variable's range. This method cannot be hedged, in contrast to conditionally selecting events to evaluate and then using a scoring function that would have been consistent (or proper) prior to event selection. Our method also gives decompositions of scoring functions that are consistent for the mean or a particular quantile or expectile. Each member of each decomposition is itself a consistent scoring function that emphasises performance over a selected region of the variable's range. The score of each member of the decomposition has a natural interpretation rooted in optimal decision theory. It is the weighted average of economic regret over user decision thresholds, where the weight emphasises those decision thresholds in the corresponding region of interest.
description: 17 pages, 6 figures, 4 tables. This version clarifies hypotheses for Corollary 1 on the functions g and phi. See the published version at Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society (https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.4206) for additional content aimed to increase the accessibility of this paper, particularly for practitioners