cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
High Resolution Imaging of the HeII lambda 4686 Emission Line Nebula Associated with the Ultraluminous X-Ray Source in Holmberg II
Creators: name: Kaaret, P.
name: Ward, M. J.
name: Zezas, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present Hubble Space Telescope images of the He{\sc iii} region surrounding the bright X-ray source in the dwarf irregular galaxy Holmberg II. Using {\it Chandra}, we find a position for the X-ray source of $α=$ 08h 19m 28.98s, $δ=$ +70\arcdeg 42\arcmin 19.\arcsec3 (J2000) with an uncertainty of 0.6$''$. We identify a bright, point-like optical counterpart centered in the nebula with the X-ray source. The optical magnitude and color of the counterpart are consistent with a star with spectral type between O4V and B3 Ib at a distance of 3.05 Mpc or reprocessed emission from an X-ray illuminated accretion disk. The nebular He{\sc ii} luminosity is $2.7 \times 10^{36} \rm erg s^{-1}$. The morphology of the He{\sc ii}, H$β$, and [O{\sc i}] emission are consistent with being due to X-ray photoionization and are inconsistent with narrow beaming of the X-ray emission. A spectral model consisting of a multicolor disk blackbody with inverse-Compton emission from a hot corona gives a good fit to X-ray spectra obtained with XMM-Newton. Using the fitted X-ray spectrum, we calculate the relation between the He{\sc ii} and X-ray luminosity and find that the He{\sc ii} flux implies a lower bound on the X-ray luminosity in the range 4 to $6 \times 10^{39} \rm erg s^{-1}$ if the extrapolation of the X-ray spectrum between 54 eV and 300 eV is accurate. A compact object mass of at least 25 to $40 M_{\odot}$ would be required to avoid violating the Eddington limit.
description: 7 pages, one color figure; published in MNRAS
Gas and Stars in an HI-Selected Galaxy Sample
Creators: name: Rosenberg, J. L.
name: Schneider, S. E.
name: Posson-Brown, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of a J-band study of the HI-selected Arecibo Dual-Beam Survey and Arecibo Slice Survey galaxy samples using the 2 Micron All-Sky Survey data. We find that these galaxies span a wide range of stellar and gas properties. However, despite the diversity within the samples, we find a very tight correlation between luminosity and size in the J-band, similar to that we previously found (Rosenberg & Schneider 2003) between the HI mass and size. We also find that the correlation between the baryonic mass and the J-band diameter is even tighter than between the baryonic mass and the rotational velocity.
description: AJ in press, 17 pages (including tables and figures) + 6 additional jpg figures
AGRICULTURAL GROWTH LINKAGES IN ZIMBABWE: INCOME AND EQUITY EFFECTS
Creators: name: Bautista, Romeo M.
name: Thomas, Marcelle
name: Bautista, Romeo M.
name: Thomas, Marcelle
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: International Development
subject: Income -- Rural areas -- Africa
subject: Agricultural development -- Africa
subject: Agricultural policy -- Economic aspects
subject: Households -- Zimbabwe
subject: Social accounting

description: The comparative effects on GDP and household incomes associated with various pathways of agricultural growth in Zimbabwe are investigated, based on SAM (social accounting matrix) multiplier analysis. Among the five growth paths considered, the "smallholder road to agricultural development" yields the largest increase in national income. It benefits smallholder households the most, but the income gains to the two other low-income household groups are lower compared to those arising from the four other agricultural growth paths. Foodcrop production, in which smallholders have a dominant share, shows a larger GDP multiplier than both the traditional (tobacco and cotton) and nontraditional (horticulture)export crop sectors, which are dominated by large-scale commercial farms.
description: "September 1998." "MERRISA: Macro Economic Reforms and Regional Integration in Southern Africa." "Presented as a contributed paper at the IAAE Inter-conference Symposium, Challenges Facing Agriculture in Southern Africa, held in Badplaas, South Africa, on August 10-16, 1998"--P. 3. Includes bibliographical references (p. 13-14).
Strong tunable spin-spin interaction in a weakly coupled nitrogen vacancy spin-cavity electromechanical system
Creators: name: Xiong, Wei
name: Chen, Jiaojiao
name: Fang, Baolong
name: Wang, Mingfeng
name: Ye, Liu
name: You, J. Q.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The long coherence time of a single nitrogen vacancy (NV) center spin in diamond is a crucial advantage for implementing quantum information processing. However, the realization of strong coupling between single NV spins is challenging. Here we propose a method to greatly enchance the interaction between two single NV spins in diamond which are only weakly coupled to an electromechanical cavity. Owing to the presence of a critical point for the linearized electromechanical subsystem, the coupling between a single NV spin and the high-frequency polariton (formed by the mechanical and cavity modes) can be fully decoupled, but the coupling between the single NV spin and the low-frequency polariton is however greatly enhanced. Thus, AC Stark shift of the single NV spin can be measured. With the low-frequency polariton as a quantum bus, a strong coupling between two single NV centers is achievable. This effective strong coupling can ensure coherent quantum-information exchange between two spin qubits in the weakly coupled spin-cavity elecromechanical system.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
A quantum duality principle for coisotropic subgroups and Poisson quotients
Creators: name: Ciccoli, Nicola
name: Gavarini, Fabio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 17B37, 20G42, 58B32; Secondary 81R50

description: We develop a quantum duality principle for coisotropic subgroups of a (formal) Poisson group and its dual. Namely, starting from a quantum coisotropic subgroup (for a quantization of a given Poisson group) we provide functorial recipes to produce quantizations of the dual coisotropic subgroup (in the dual formal Poisson group). By the natural link between subgroups and homogeneous spaces, we argue a quantum duality principle for Poisson homogeneous spaces which are Poisson quotients, i.e. have at least one zero-dimensional symplectic leaf. As an application, we provide an explicit quantization of the homogeneous SL(n)^*-space of Stokes matrices, with the Poisson structure given by Dubrovin and Ugaglia.
description: 27 pages, AMS-TeX file. Final version, with some typoes (also occurring in the printed version) corrected
Braneworld black holes in cosmology and astrophysics
Creators: name: Majumdar, A. S.
name: Mukherjee, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The braneworld description of our universe entails a large extra dimension and a fundamental scale of gravity that might be lower by several orders of magnitude compared to the Planck scale. An interesting consequence of the braneworld scenario is in the nature of spherically symmetric vacuum solutions to the brane gravitational field equations which could represent black holes with properties quite distinct compared to ordinary black holes in 4-dimensions. We discuss certain key features of some braneworld black hole geometries. Such black holes are likely to have diverse cosmological and astrophysical ramifications. The cosmological evolution of primordial braneworld black holes is described highlighting their longevity due to modified evaporation and effective accretion of radiation during the early braneworld high energy era. Observational abundance of various evaporation products of the black holes at different eras impose constraints on their initial mass fraction. Surviving primordial black holes could be candidates of dark matter present in galactic haloes. We discuss gravitational lensing by braneworld black holes. Observables related to the relativistic images of strong field gravitational lensing could in principle be used to distinguish between different braneworld black hole metrics in future observations.
description: Latex, 35 pages, Review article published in Int. J. Mod. Phys. D (uses stylefile ws-ijmpd.cls); typos corrected; references added
Quantum algorithms for computational geometry problems
Creators: name: Ambainis, Andris
name: Larka, Nikita
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computational Geometry (cs.CG)
subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study quantum algorithms for problems in computational geometry, such as POINT-ON-3-LINES problem. In this problem, we are given a set of lines and we are asked to find a point that lies on at least $3$ of these lines. POINT-ON-3-LINES and many other computational geometry problems are known to be 3SUM-HARD. That is, solving them classically requires time $Ω(n^{2-o(1)})$, unless there is faster algorithm for the well known 3SUM problem (in which we are given a set $S$ of $n$ integers and have to determine if there are $a, b, c \in S$ such that $a + b + c = 0$). Quantumly, 3SUM can be solved in time $O(n \log n)$ using Grover's quantum search algorithm. This leads to a question: can we solve POINT-ON-3-LINES and other 3SUM-HARD problems in $O(n^c)$ time quantumly, for $c<2$? We answer this question affirmatively, by constructing a quantum algorithm that solves POINT-ON-3-LINES in time $O(n^{1 + o(1)})$. The algorithm combines recursive use of amplitude amplification with geometrical ideas. We show that the same ideas give $O(n^{1 + o(1)})$ time algorithm for many 3SUM-HARD geometrical problems.
description: 10 pages
A 1992 social accounting matrix (SAM) for Tanzania
Creators: name: Wobst, Peter
name: Wobst, Peter
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Tanzania
subject: Social accounting -- Mathematical models
subject: Macroeconomics -- Mathematical models

description: As part of the Tanzania country study being done under the IFPRI research project on Macroeconomic Reform and Regional Integration in Southern Africa (MERRISA), a social accounting matrix (SAM) has been constructed for the base year 1992. A SAM is a square matrix consisting of row and column accounts that represent the different sectors, agents, and institutions of an economy at the desired level of disaggregation. The SAM, a useful framework for consistent multi-sectoral economic data preparation, represents the expenditure-receipt flows among all actors and sectors of the entire economy, capturing both input-output and national income and product data. Because the analytical focus of the MERRISA project is agriculture and because agricultural production in Tanzania accounts for about half of GDP, the disaggregated Tanzania SAM contains 21 agricultural sectors out of 56 sectors in total. The Tanzania SAM consists of 56 activity accounts capturing the flows belonging to the domestic production process and 55 commodity accounts capturing the flows belonging to the marketing process of nationally and internationally produced goods. The factor disaggregation of productive factors consists of Capital, Land and 5 labor categories, while households are divided into Rural Farmers, Rural Non-Farmers, Urban Farmers, and Urban Non-Farmers.
description: "August 1998." "MERRISA: Macro Economic Reforms and Regional Integration in Southern Africa." Includes bibliographical references (p. 35-36).
Agriculture and macro-economic reforms in Zimbabwe: a political-economy perspective
Creators: name: Muir-Leresche, Kay
name: Muir-Leresche, Kay
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Agriculture -- Economic aspects
subject: Macroeconomics
subject: Zimbabwe -- Economic policy

description: Events in Zimbabwe during seven years from the start of economic reforms in 1991 have highlighted the contradictions in the ideologies underlying economic development and institutional reform in the country. They have also highlighted the futility of undertaking partial reforms. Zimbabwe embarked on liberalization of its foreign exchange, banking, marketing and pricing policies in the early 1990s. However, the fiscal deficits continued to increase, and key resource allocation systems remained centrally controlled. The gains from liberalization have been disappointing. The benefits were undermined by high inflation and interest rates caused by excessive government borrowing. High interest rates, together with the rigidities that prevent resources from moving efficiently, make investor response to the liberalized markets very difficult and haphazard. The uncertainty created by conflicting messages portrayed in the rhetoric and actions of the government further reduce investor confidence. This paper traces some of the emerging political and institutional forces that have influenced economic policy and considers the success, constraints and potential for agriculture in Zimbabwe.
description: "August 1998." Includes bibliographical references (p. 58-60).
Star Formation at High Angular Resolution
Creators: name: Hoare, M. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The role of the SKA in high resolution observations of the formation of low and high mass stars in the Galaxy is examined. The large collecting area will have a large impact on dynamical studies at high resolution using spectral lines. The SKA will allow dramatic progress in the investigation of the ionised, atomic and molecular phases over a range of evolutionary stages. Attention is focused here on the potential of radio recombination lines, H I 21 cm line and molecular Zeeman measurements. This combination will unveil the physical processes that drive jets and winds from young stars. Other important areas such as pre-biotic molecules, disc ablation in OB clusters and massive star formation in nearby galaxies are also briefly discussed.
description: 14 pages, including four ps figures, using Elsevier sty files. To appear in "Science with the Square Kilometer Array," eds. C. Carilli and S. Rawlings, New Astronomy Reviews (Elsevier: Amsterdam)
title: Πολυκριτήρια μεθοδολογία δυναμικής ανάπτυξης τουριστικών περιοχών
title: Multi-criteria methodology for the dynamic development of tourist areas
Creators: name: Φακωτακης Γεωργιος
Publisher: name: Technical University of Crete
Year: 2024

description: Η παρούσα διατριβή εξετάζει πώς οι μεθοδολογίες ανάλυσης με πολλαπλά κριτήρια (MCA) μπορούν να εφαρμοστούν στη βιώσιμη διαχείριση του τουρισμού. Ιδιαίτερη έμφαση δίνεται στην αξιολόγηση της ικανοποίησης των επισκεπτών, καθώς αυτή αποτελεί κρίσιμο δείκτη της επιτυχίας ενός τουριστικού προορισμού. Χρησιμοποιώντας τη μέθοδο MUSA και το Εθνικό Πάρκο Σαμαριάς στην Κρήτη ως μελέτη περίπτωσης, η έρευνα αναλύει ποικίλα κριτήρια, με στόχο τον εντοπισμό των παραγόντων που επηρεάζουν τη συνολική εμπειρία των επισκεπτών πράγμα που θα επιτρέψει την κατανόηση της κατάστασης και τη δημιουργία στρατηγικών για τη βελτίωσή της.
Τα ευρήματα αναδεικνύουν τη μεταβλητότητα στις προσδοκίες και την ικανοποίηση των επισκεπτών κατά την περίοδο 2018-2022, με ιδιαίτερη αναφορά στον αντίκτυπο της πανδημίας COVID-19. Η ανάλυση δείχνει πώς εξωτερικοί παράγοντες επηρεάζουν τις προτεραιότητες των επισκεπτών και την αντίληψή τους για την εμπειρία στο πάρκο. Η διατριβή υπογραμμίζει τη σημασία της προσαρμοστικής διαχείρισης, ώστε να διατηρούνται υψηλά επίπεδα ικανοποίησης και να ενισχύεται η βιώσιμη ανάπτυξη μέσω της συνεχούς παρακολούθησης και αναπροσαρμογής των στρατηγικών διαχείρισης.
description: This thesis examines how multi-criteria analysis (MCA) methodologies can be applied to the sustainable management of tourism. Particular emphasis is placed on the evaluation of visitor satisfaction, as it is a crucial indicator of a tourist destination's success. Using the MUSA method and Samaria National Park in Crete as a case study, the research analyzes various criteria with the aim of identifying the factors that influence the overall visitor experience, allowing for a better understanding of the situation and the development of strategies for its improvement.
The findings highlight the variability in visitor expectations and satisfaction during the period 2018-2022, with particular attention to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. The analysis shows how external factors affect visitor priorities and their perception of the park experience. The thesis underscores the importance of adaptive management to maintain high levels of satisfaction and promote sustainable development through continuous monitoring and adjustment of management strategies.
Additional file 2 of Immunomodulatory and immunosuppressive drug protocols in the treatment of canine primary immune thrombocytopenia, a scoping review
Creators: name: Kristiansen, Peter Spanner
name: Nielsen, Lise Nikolic
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases

description: Additional file 2: SIGN checklists for controlled trials ( http://prisma-statement.org/prismastatement/Checklist.aspx=
First-Order Electroweak Phase Transition in the Standard Model with a Low Cutoff
Creators: name: Grojean, C.
name: Servant, G.
name: Wells, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the possibility of a first-order electroweak phase transition (EWPT) due to a dimension-six operator in the effective Higgs potential. In contrast with previous attempts to make the EWPT strongly first-order as required by electroweak baryogenesis, we do not rely on large one-loop thermally generated cubic Higgs interactions. Instead, we augment the Standard Model (SM) effective theory with a dimension-six Higgs operator. This addition enables a strong first-order phase transition to develop even with a Higgs boson mass well above the current direct limit of 114 GeV. The phi^6 term can be generated for instance by strong dynamics at the TeV scale or by integrating out heavy particles like an additional singlet scalar field. We discuss conditions to comply with electroweak precision constraints, and point out how future experimental measurements of the Higgs self couplings could test the idea.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures. v2: corrected typos, improved discussion of the case lambda<0 and added references. To be published in PRD
Additional file 3 of Immunomodulatory and immunosuppressive drug protocols in the treatment of canine primary immune thrombocytopenia, a scoping review
Creators: name: Kristiansen, Peter Spanner
name: Nielsen, Lise Nikolic
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases

description: Additional file 3: Outcomes from treatment with corticosteroids alone in canine primary ITP.
Does trade liberalization enhance income growth and equity in Zimbabwe? The Role of Complementary Policies
Creators: name: Bautista, Romeo M.
name: Lofgren, Hans
name: Thomas, Marcelle
name: Bautista, Romeo M.
name: Lofgren, Hans
name: Thomas, Marcelle
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Trade liberalization -- Econometric models.
subject: Zimbabwe -- Economic policy
subject: Income distribution -- Zimbabwe
subject: Fiscal policies

description: Using an agriculture-focused CGE model for Zimbabwe with 1991 as base period, this paper examines quantitatively the income and equity effects of trade liberalization in isolation and in conjunction with potentially complementary changes in fiscal and land policies. Trade policy reform alone (dismantling of import and foreign exchange controls, and reduction of import taxes to a low uniform rate) is shown to increase aggregate disposable household income significantly. However, the least income gain accrues to smallholder farm households, which account for about four-fifths of the poor in Zimbabwe, so the equity impact is unfavorable. Concurrent implementation with specific changes in government expenditure and tax policies and two alternative stylized land redistribution schemes yields differing outcomes in terms of aggregate household income growth and its distribution.
description: "September 1998." "MERRISA: Macro Economic Reforms and Regional Integration in Southern Africa." "Paper presented at the Zimbabwe Conference on Macroeconomic Policy, Management, and Performance since Independence, sponsored by the Department of Economics, University of Zimbabwe and the Professional Development and Training Programme in Harare on 19-21 August 1998"--P. iii. Includes bibliographical references (p. 21-22).
On the kinetic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect as an observational probe for halo spin bias
Creators: name: Montero-Dorta, Antonio D.
name: Artale, M. Celeste
name: Abramo, L. Raul
name: Tucci, Beatriz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the potential of the kinetic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (kSZ) effect as the cornerstone of a future observational probe for halo spin bias, the secondary dependence of halo clustering on halo spin at fixed halo mass. Using the IllustrisTNG magneto-hydrodynamical cosmological simulation, we measure both the kSZ and the thermal SZ (tSZ) effects produced by the baryonic content of more than 50,000 haloes within the halo mass range $11 < \log_{10} ({\rm M_{vir}}/ h^{-1} {\rm M_{\odot}}) \lesssim 14.5$. First, we confirm that the magnitude of both effects depends strongly on the total gas and virial mass of the haloes, and that the integrated kSZ signal displays a significant correlation with the angular momentum of the intra-halo gas, particularly for massive haloes. Second, we show that both the integrated kSZ signal and the ratio of the integrated kSZ and tSZ signals trace total halo spin, even though significant scatter exists. Finally, we demonstrate that, in the absence of observational and instrumental uncertainties, these SZ-related statistics can be used to recover most of the underlying IllustrisTNG halo spin bias signal. Our analysis represents the first attempt to develop a future observational probe for halo spin bias, bringing forward alternative routes for measuring the secondary bias effects.
description: 17 pages, 10 figures, submitted to MNRAS
Bulk black holes radiating in non-Z_2 brane-world spacetimes
Creators: name: Jennings, David
name: Vernon, Ian R.
name: Davis, Anne-Christine
name: van de Bruck, Carsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we present a general asymmetric brane model involving arbitrary energy transport to and from an embedded 4-D FRW universe. We derive a locally defined mass function for the 5D spacetime and describe its time evolution on the brane. We then specialise our model to the two cases of graviton production in the early universe and radiating black holes in the bulk.
description: 29 pages, 10 figures
Spiral density wave generation by vortices in Keplerian flows
Creators: name: Bodo, G.
name: Chagelishvili, G.
name: Murante, G.
name: Tevzadze, A.
name: Rossi, P.
name: Ferrari, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform a detailed analytical and numerical study of the dynamics of perturbations (vortex/aperiodic mode, Rossby and spiral-density waves) in 2D compressible disks with a Keplerian law of rotation. We draw attention to the process of spiral-density wave generation from vortices, discussing, in particular, the initial, most peculiar stages of wave emission. We show that the linear phenomenon of wave generation by vortices in smooth (without inflection points) shear flows found by using the so-called non-modal approach, is directly applicable to the present case. After an analytical non-modal description of the physics and characteristics of the spiral-density wave generation/propagation in the local shearing-sheet model, we follow the process of wave generation by small amplitude coherent circular vortex structures, by direct global numerical simulation, describing the main features of the generated waves.
description: 18 pages, 16 figures, Astronomy & Astrophysics in press
Tri-partite reviews: a signature pedagogy for police education
Creators: name: Lester, S.
name: Bravenboer, Darryll
name: Lillis, F.
Publisher: name: Middlesex University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Apprenticeships
professional learning
work-integrated learning

description: All apprenticeship training providers are required to conduct regular tri-partite reviews by the Education and Skills Funding Agency (ESFA) as a matter of funding rules compliance. Tri- partite reviews, as the name suggests, involve three parties, the learner (apprentice), an employer representative who is supporting the learner and a tutor who is supporting the learner as a provider of apprenticeship training collectively reviewing learning progress. Since April 2021 Ofsted have undertaken responsibility for inspecting all apprenticeship training including apprenticeships at levels 6 and 7 (with the exception of apprenticeships related to initial teacher training). Ofsted’s interest in tri-partite reviews is in their impact on the progressive acquisition and application of the knowledge, skills and behaviours in association with other factors of an apprenticeship (such as apprentice’s own personal goals or the ongoing development of functional skills) which are identified at the start of the programme. Tri-partite reviews are used as an important source of evidence during Ofsted inspection because they are a key means of ensuring that the quality of provision is meeting the needs of both the apprentice and the employer. 
However, the provision of tri-partite reviews is not solely a matter of compliance, it is also a key determinant of the quality of apprenticeship training. This research project is intended to contribute to the development and dissemination of good practice with regards to the provision of tri-partite reviews for the benefit of learners, employers and providers.
Estimating a social accounting matrix using cross entropy methods
Creators: name: Robinson, Sherman
name: Cattaneo, Andrea
name: El-Said, Moataz
name: Robinson, Sherman
name: Cattaneo, Andrea
name: El-Said, Moataz
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Social accounting -- Mozambique

description: There is a continuing need to use recent and consistent multisectoral economic data to support policy analysis and the development of economywide models. Updating and estimating input-output tables and social accounting matrices (SAMs), which provides the underlying data framework for this type of model and analysis, for a recent year is a difficult and a challenging problem. The traditional RAS approach requires that we start with a consistent SAM for a particular year and “update” it for a later year given new information on row and column sums. This paper extends the RAS method by proposing a flexible “cross entropy” approach to estimating a consistent SAM starting from inconsistent data estimated with error, a common experience in many countries. The method is flexible and powerful when dealing with scattered and inconsistent data. It allows incorporating errors in variables, inequality constraints, and prior knowledge about any part of the SAM (not just row and column sums). Since the input-output accounts are contained within the SAM framework, updating an input-output table is a special case of the general SAM estimation problem. The paper describes the RAS procedure and “cross entropy” method, and compares the underlying “information theory” and classical statistical approaches to parameter estimation. An example is presented applying the cross entropy approach to data from Mozambique. An appendix includes a listing of the computer code in the GAMS language used in the procedure.
description: "October 1998." Includes bibliographical references (p. 18). Published as: Robinson, Sherman, Andrea Cattaneo and Moataz El-Said. 2001. Updating and estimating a Social Accounting Matrix using cross entropy methods. Economic Systems Research, Vol. 13, No.1, pp. 47-64.
Additional file 1 of Macrophage activation syndrome in a patient with adult-onset Still’s disease following first COVID-19 vaccination with BNT162b2
Creators: name: Muench, Frédéric
name: Krusche, Martin
name: Sander, Leif Erik
name: Rose, Thomas
name: Burmester, Gerd-Rüdiger
name: Schneider, Udo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 1. Full laboratory workup.
BOSHLANG'ICH SINF ONA TILI DARSLARINI O'QIB TUSHUNISH METODIKASI
Creators: name: Navoiy shaharda 7- maktab boshlang'ich sinf o'qituvchisi-  Sharopova Dilnoza Asqadovna
name: Ilmiy rahbar: f.f.d.(DSc),prof. Ernazarova Manzura
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Ona tili darslarida o’quvchida to’g’ri, tez, ongli ifodali o’qish malakalarini shakllantirish, ularni oddiy kitob o’quvchidan chuqur mulohaza yurituvchi ijodkor kitobxon darajasiga ko’tarish o’qish orqali tevarak atrof borliq xaqidagi bilimlarni kengaytirish, ularning dunyoqarashini boyitish xar qanday uslubdagi matnni o’qish va uni anglash, tanqidiy kreativ fikrlash ko’nikmasini egallash nazarda tutiladi. Boshlang’ich sinf ona tili darslarining asosiy vazifasi o’quvchilarni o’quv bilim faoliyatiga tayyorlash, boshqalar bilan muloqatga kirisha oladigan, o’z fikrini boshqalarga tushunarli tarzda etkaza oladigan shaxsni shakllantirishdan iborat.

Kalit so’zlar: nutq, nutq madaniyati, boshlang’ich sinf, o’quvchilar, metodika, ona tili o’qish savodxonligi
High Energy Physics in the Atmosphere: Phenomenology of Cosmic Ray Air Showers
Creators: name: Anchordoqui, Luis
name: Dova, Maria Teresa
name: Mariazzi, Analisa
name: McCauley, Thomas
name: Paul, Thomas
name: Reucroft, Stephen
name: Swain, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The properties of cosmic rays with energies above 10**6 GeV have to be deduced from the spacetime structure and particle content of the air showers which they initiate. In this review we summarize the phenomenology of these giant air showers. We describe the hadronic interaction models used to extrapolate results from collider data to ultra high energies, and discuss the prospects for insights into forward physics at the LHC. We also describe the main electromagnetic processes that govern the longitudinal shower evolution, as well as the lateral spread of particles. Armed with these two principal shower ingredients and motivation from the underlying physics, we provide an overview of some of the different methods proposed to distinguish primary species. The properties of neutrino interactions and the potential of forthcoming experiments to isolate deeply penetrating showers from baryonic cascades are also discussed. We finally venture into a terra incognita endowed with TeV-scale gravity and explore anomalous neutrino-induced showers.
description: Typo in caption of Fig. 8 corrected, references added
Trade liberalization and regional integration: the search for large numbers
Creators: name: Robinson, Sherman
name: Thierfelder, Karen
name: Robinson, Sherman
name: Thierfelder, Karen
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Trade liberalization -- Econometric models
subject: Trade policy -- Econometric models
subject: Regional economics
subject: Welfare economics

description: The debate over the impact of regional trade agreements (RTAs) on world welfare hinges upon (1) whether they are net trade creating or trade diverting and (2) whether they impede multilateral trade liberalization. Theoretical models are ambiguous on these issues. We summarize the insights from the vast body of empirical literature on multi-country CGE models which analyze RTAs. The empirical models overwhelmingly show that aggregate trade creation dominates trade diversion. Indeed, in many cases, there is no absolute aggregate trade diversion from an RTA. The models also indicate that welfare for all members — both current and potential — increases when RTAs expand. There are even bigger welfare gains when models incorporate aspects of “new trade theory” such as increasing returns, imperfect competition, technology transfers, trade externalities, and dynamic effects such as links between trade liberalization, total factor productivity growth, and capital stock accumulation. We broaden the search for large numbers by suggesting an additional gain from RTAs. We conjecture that increases in intra-sectoral trade arise from the fact that an RTA provides an expanded secure market, and permits firms to pursue economies of fine specialization. This Smithian specialization in production is another source of efficiency gains.
description: "January 1999." Includes bibliographical references (p. 17-20).
The inner life : a conversation with leaders in British Columbia post-secondary education
Creators: name: McArthur-Blair, Joan
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: in this inquiry, i undertook a journey, nineteen people travelled with me, we had a powerful conversation a conversation about the inner life of leaders... This inquiry is a conversation with formal leaders in post-secondary education, about the inner life of leadership. The journey and outcome of that conversation are presented as a narrative in several modes. I begin by locating this notion of the inner life and creating a container for the conversation. In exploring the literature, I offer glimpses and critical reflections into the inner life and leadership. Through telling the story of the study and the journey of the conversation, I offer insight into how I undertook this conversation with leaders and the rationale for the process of inquiry. The inquiry data are represented and interpreted through a constructed conversation play. The play is the core of this study, and its capacity to convey an understanding of the meaning and influence of the inner life is central to this undertaking. Nineteen leaders gave of their time to assist me and their words are the power and heart of this narrative inquiry. The inner life conversation circulates around three primary themes that arose from the research, inner life as social justice, inner life as sanctuary, and inner life as values or ethics. As three different characters in the play state: "I think for me the inner life has a social justice basis," "it is a set of fundamental values," "my inner life has to ground me." It is from these central notions that the narrative exploration of the inner life expands. There are several implications of this inquiry. These include processes for assisting new education leaders to consider the underlying tenets of their leadership; the creation of settings that encourage reflection on the inner life; and additional research on the inner life and how that inner life is at the core of leadership. Perhaps the most profound implication is that the inner life conversation is one that has energy and power to assist leaders in reflecting on who they are in the day to day of their leadership.
Spatial networks in multi-region computable general equilibrium models
Creators: name: Lofgren, Hans
name: Robinson, Sherman
name: Lofgren, Hans
name: Robinson, Sherman
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Equilibrium (Economics)
subject: Economic policy
subject: Spatial analysis (Statistics)
subject: Computable general equilibrium (CGE)
subject: General Equilibrium
subject: Spatial Network
subject: Multi-Region Modeling
subject: Transportation Costs
subject: Trade Policy

description: The spatial dimension of economic policy is often important. However, as opposed to partial-equilibrium multi-region programming models, existing multi-region Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) models have rarely explicitly treated geographical space. This paper develops a spatial-network, mixed-complementarity CGE model that combines the strengths of CGE and partial-equilibrium programming models. We implement the model with a prototype data set for a stylized, poor, developing country with rural regions linked to an urban region that provides the gateway to international markets. We demonstrate that the model provides a good framework for analyzing the impact of higher world prices and reduced domestic transportation costs.
description: "January 1999." Includes bibliographical references (p. 22-24).
Non-unitary minimal models, Bailey's lemma and N=1,2 superconformal algebras
Creators: name: Deka, Lipika
name: Schilling, Anne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81T40; 81R10; 33C90

description: Using the Bailey flow construction, we derive character identities for the N=1 superconformal models SM(p',2p+p') and SM(p',3p'-2p), and the N=2 superconformal model with central charge c=3(1-2p/p') from the nonunitary minimal models M(p,p'). A new Ramond sector character formula for representations of N=2 superconformal algebras with central element c=3(1-2p/p') is given.
description: 14 pages; references added; minor typos corrected
Additional file 4 of Immunomodulatory and immunosuppressive drug protocols in the treatment of canine primary immune thrombocytopenia, a scoping review
Creators: name: Kristiansen, Peter Spanner
name: Nielsen, Lise Nikolic
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases

description: Additional file 4: Outcomes from treatment with immunomodulatory or non-corticosteroid immunosuppressive drugs alone in canine primary ITP.
Exclusion of the fittest predicts microbial community diversity in fluctuating environments
Creators: name: Shibasaki, Shota
name: Mobilia, Mauro
name: Mitri, Sara
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Microorganisms live in environments that inevitably fluctuate between mild and harsh conditions. As harsh conditions may cause extinctions, the rate at which fluctuations occur can shape microbial communities and their diversity, but we still lack an intuition on how. Here, we build a mathematical model describing two microbial species living in an environment where substrate supplies randomly switch between abundant and scarce. We then vary the rate of switching as well as different properties of the interacting species, and measure the probability of the weaker species driving the stronger one extinct. We find that this probability increases with the strength of demographic noise under harsh conditions and peaks at either low, high, or intermediate switching rates depending on both species' ability to withstand the harsh environment. This complex relationship shows why finding patterns between environmental fluctuations and diversity has historically been difficult. In parameter ranges where the fittest species was most likely to be excluded, however, the beta diversity in larger communities also peaked. In sum, how environmental fluctuations affect interactions between a few species pairs predicts their effect on the beta diversity of the whole community.
description: 64 pages, 28 figures, 3 tables
Additional file 5 of Immunomodulatory and immunosuppressive drug protocols in the treatment of canine primary immune thrombocytopenia, a scoping review
Creators: name: Kristiansen, Peter Spanner
name: Nielsen, Lise Nikolic
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases

description: Additional file 5: Outcomes from treatment with adjunctive immunomodulatory or non-corticosteroid immunosuppressive drugs in canine primary ITP.
A 1991 social accounting matrix (SAM) for Zimbabwe
Creators: name: Thomas, Marcelle
name: Bautista, Romeo M.
name: Thomas, Marcelle
name: Bautista, Romeo M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Macroeconomics
subject: Social accounting -- Zimbabwe

description: The 1991 Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) for Zimbabwe that we document in this paper is intended to provide benchmark data for economy-wide analysis under the MERRISA Project. Its construction is based on a three-step process: (1) building a macro SAM that presents the aggregative features of the Zimbabwean economy and serves as a control matrix for the micro SAM; (2) disaggregation into a complete but unbalanced micro SAM; and (3) balancing the disaggregated and complete micro SAM using the cross-entropy approach. The macro SAM entries are based on aggregates from a recent, significant revision of the Zimbabwe national accounts for 1991. The structure of the micro SAM is a disaggregated version of the macro SAM. The outcome is an 88 by 88 matrix that includes 36 activities, 27 commodities, 9 factors of production (4 labor, 3 capital, and 2 land categories), 5 households groups, and one account each for enterprises, government, investment/saving, and rest-of-the-world. Among the significant features of the Zimbabwean economy that are explicitly taken into account in the SAM structure are the importance of agriculture, the distinction between smallholder and large-scale commercial farms, home consumption by smallholder farm households, and the large marketing margins that reflect inefficiencies in trade and transport infrastructure.
description: "January 1999." "Macro Economic Reforms and Regional Integration in Southern Africa (MERRISA)". Includes bibliographical references (p. 30-31).
Constraints on Oscillating Quintom from Supernova, Microwave Background and Galaxy Clustering
Creators: name: Xia, Jun-Qing
name: Feng, Bo
name: Zhang, Xinmin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider in this paper a simple oscillating Quintom model of dark energy which has two free parameters and an equation of state oscillating and crossing -1. For low redshifts the equation of state of this model resembles itself similar to the linearly parameterized dark energy, however differ substantially at large redshifts. We fit our model to the observational data separately from the new high redshift supernova observations from the HST/GOODS program and previous supernova, CMB and galaxy clustering. Our results show that because of the oscillating feature of our model the constraints from observations at large redshifts such as CMB become less stringent.
description: 4 pages, 6 figures Revtex4
The use of an integrated model of pest spread and commodity markets to estimate the cost of a pest outbreak
Creators: name: Hafi, Ahmed
name: Hafi, Ahmed
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: pest spread
subject: logistic functions and partial equilibrium model

description: There are significant benefits in integrating a biological spread model into economic assessment of the cost of pest incursions (such as varroa mite or Mexican feather grass) on agricultural industries. To illustrate the potential usefulness of an integrated approach, a generic bioeconomic model is developed by linking a simple stochastic pest spread module, built around a set of logistic spread equations, and a partial equilibrium module of the market for an affected agricultural industry. The pest spread module estimates the damage over time, while the partial equilibrium module estimates the resultant effect of a reduction in supply on the commodity market. The estimated effects on market variables are then used to estimate the cost of a pest outbreak. In this study, the cost of a hypothetical pest outbreak is estimated for three scenarios: (1) do nothing; (2) control actions to slow the spread; and (3) control actions aimed at eradication of the pest. The estimates are derived for a large number of random values of the spread rates specified in the logistic functions. The study also presents the frequency distribution of benefits of implementing the two control strategies.
Energy-constrained discrimination of unitaries, quantum speed limits and a Gaussian Solovay-Kitaev theorem
Creators: name: Becker, Simon
name: Datta, Nilanjana
name: Lami, Ludovico
name: Rouzé, Cambyse
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the energy-constrained (EC) diamond norm distance between unitary channels acting on possibly infinite-dimensional quantum systems, and establish a number of results. Firstly, we prove that optimal EC discrimination between two unitary channels does not require the use of any entanglement. Extending a result by Acín, we also show that a finite number of parallel queries suffices to achieve zero error discrimination even in this EC setting. Secondly, we employ EC diamond norms to study a novel type of quantum speed limits, which apply to pairs of quantum dynamical semigroups. We expect these results to be relevant for benchmarking internal dynamics of quantum devices. Thirdly, we establish a version of the Solovay--Kitaev theorem that applies to the group of Gaussian unitaries over a finite number of modes, with the approximation error being measured with respect to the EC diamond norm relative to the photon number Hamiltonian.
description: 24 pages, no figures. In v2 we added the estimates in Eq. (3) and (4), and improved Thm 6. In v3, which is close to the published version, we improved the overall presentation (e.g. of the proof of Thm 3 in the SM)