Apophysius pentaceratops Pham & Matsumoto & Konishi & Sheng & Broad 2020, new species
Creators: name: Pham, Nhi Thi
name: Matsumoto, Rikio
name: Konishi, Kazuhiko
name: Sheng, Mao-Ling
name: Broad, Gavin R.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Ichneumonidae
Apophysius
Apophysius pentaceratops

description: Apophysius pentaceratops Broad, new species   
(Figure 5)  
 Material examined. Holotype: female (NHMUK), ‘[MALAYSIA:] Sarawak … RGS Exp [edition], D. Hollis coll., 17 September–23 October1977, BM77-543’. B.M. Type Hym. 3b.2683, NHMUK010634953.   
 Diagnosis. Propodeum with area superomedia strongly projecting; mesosoma and legs largely yellow, with antennal flagellum, mesoscutum and hind femur largely black; wings uniformly weakly infuscate.   
 Description of holotype. Head. Antenna with 48 flagellomeres, first flagellomere 2.2× longer than wide, 1.4× length of second; dorsal margin of face with small tubercle between antennal sockets; face 0.5× as high as wide with weak impression from antennal socket toward clypeus; clypeus 0.7× as high as wide, separated from face by weak impression; malar space short, about 0.2× mandibular basal width (Fig. 5b); ocellar-ocular distance about 2.5× diameter of ocellus, 5× interocellar distance.   
 Mesosoma. Epomia strong, sinuous ventrally, extending 2/3 distance to dorsal margin of pronotum; mesoscutum with dense setae, scuto-scutellar groove smooth, with no longitudinal impression; scutellum with dense setae, lateral carina present just posterior to scuto-scutellar groove, metanotum strongly projecting medially; mesopleuron with unsculptured sternaulus on anterior 0.4, epicnemial carina sinuous dorsally, extending to anterior margin, subtegular ridge in dorsal view angled at c.95°; mesosternum with posterior transverse carina strong except broad interruption at level of inner half of mid coxa; propodeum with strongly raised carinae, lateromedian longitudinal carinae strongly raised posteriorly, area superomedia strongly projecting as a ‘horn’ (Fig. 5c), propodeal spiracle oval; fore basitarsus 0.8× as long as tarsomeres 2–5 combined; mid basitarsus equal to tarsomeres 2–5 combined; hind basitarsus equal to tarsomeres 2–5 combined. Fore wing length 10.8 mm, vein M&RS opposite 1 cu-a, vein 2 rs-m about same length as 3 rs-m, hind wing with first abscissa of vein CU as long as vein cu-a; distal ends of RS, M and CU obsolete, present as traces.   
Metasoma. First tergite smooth, about 6.0× as long as posterior width, posteriorly dorsally and laterally with long setae; second tergite 0.8× as long as first tergite, 3.65× as long as anterior width, 2.3× as long as posterior width; metasoma with third tergite onward densely minutely punctate, with dense setae, shorter than setae on mesosoma; ovipositor 0.74× as long as hind tibia.  
Colour. Mesosoma dull yellow with black markings as follows: antenna (except scape ventrally and apically) and head dorsally, including outer orbits, posterior corner of pronotum dorsally, mesoscutum (except two yellow spots at anterior corners) and axilla, mesopleuron with large black marks dorsal to sternaulus and on speculum dorsal to hind wing base, propodeum with small black mark anterolaterally, metasomal tergites largely black fading to brown posteriorly, with anterior 0.2 and posterior 0.1 of first tergite, posterior 0.25 of second tergite and subsequent tergites posteriorly yellow, sternites dull white, with conspicuous brown speckling (at bases of setae) particularly on sternites 3 and 4. Legs rather bright yellow, with tarsomeres 3–5 of each leg dark brown, fore and mid femora with brown marks dorsally, hind trochanter, trochantellus and femur (except apically and in a narrow strip ventrally) brown to black. Wings weakly infuscate.  
Male. Unknown.  
 Comparative notes. Belongs in a distinctive species group, together with A. taynguyenensis sp. nov., A. baolocensis sp. nov., A. constrictus sp. nov. and A. latus sp. nov., with a conspicuous horn-like projection in the place of the area superomedia. Unlike other species in this group, the antennal flagellum is black and the legs mostly brightly yellow.   
 Etymology. Named after the five ‘horns’ of the propodeum.   
 Distribution. Malaysia, Sarawak (island of Borneo).
description: Published as part of Pham, Nhi Thi, Matsumoto, Rikio, Konishi, Kazuhiko, Sheng, Mao-Ling & Broad, Gavin R., 2020, A review of the genus Apophysius Cushman (Ichneumonidae: Phygadeuontinae) with descriptions of six new species, pp. 301-316 in Zootaxa 4802 (2) on pages 308-309, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4802.2.5, http://zenodo.org/record/3907540