cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Chaotic dynamics around astrophysical objects with nonisotropic stresses
Creators: name: Dubeibe, F. L.
name: Pachon, Leonardo A.
name: Sanabria-Gomez, Jose D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The existence of chaotic behavior for the geodesics of the test particles orbiting compact objects is a subject of much current research. Some years ago, Guéron and Letelier [Phys. Rev. E \textbf{66}, 046611 (2002)] reported the existence of chaotic behavior for the geodesics of the test particles orbiting compact objects like black holes induced by specific values of the quadrupolar deformation of the source using as models the Erez--Rosen solution and the Kerr black hole deformed by an internal multipole term. In this work, we are interesting in the study of the dynamic behavior of geodesics around astrophysical objects with intrinsic quadrupolar deformation or nonisotropic stresses, which induces nonvanishing quadrupolar deformation for the nonrotating limit. For our purpose, we use the Tomimatsu-Sato spacetime [Phys. Rev. Lett. \textbf{29} 1344 (1972)] and its arbitrary deformed generalization obtained as the particular vacuum case of the five parametric solution of Manko et al [Phys. Rev. D 62, 044048 (2000)], characterizing the geodesic dynamics throughout the Poincaré sections method. In contrast to the results by Guéron and Letelier we find chaotic motion for oblate deformations instead of prolate deformations. It opens the possibility that the particles forming the accretion disk around a large variety of different astrophysical bodies (nonprolate, e.g., neutron stars) could exhibit chaotic dynamics. We also conjecture that the existence of an arbitrary deformation parameter is necessary for the existence of chaotic dynamics.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
Solution of the Percus-Yevick equation for hard discs
Creators: name: Adda-Bedia, M.
name: Katzav, E.
name: Vella, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We solve the Percus-Yevick equation in two dimensions by reducing it to a set of simple integral equations. We numerically obtain both the pair correlation function and the equation of state for a hard disc fluid and find good agreement with available Monte-Carlo calculations. The present method of resolution may be generalized to any even dimension.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures
Detectability of optical transients with timescales of sub-seconds
Creators: name: Arimatsu, Ko
name: Tsumura, Kohji
name: Usui, Fumihiko
name: Ootsubo, Takafumi
name: Watanabe, Jun-ichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We search for optical transient sources with durations of $\sim 0.1$ to $\sim 1.3$ s using a dataset obtained in the Organized Autotelescopes for Serendipitous Event Survey (OASES) observation campaign. Since the OASES observations were carried out using two independent wide-field and high-cadence observation systems monitored the same field simultaneously, the obtained dataset provides a unique opportunity to develop a robust detection method for sub-second optical transients. In the dataset of a selected field around the ecliptic and the Galactic plane, we find no astronomical event candidate that satisfies our detection criteria. From the non-detection result, we derive an upper limit on the event rate of sub-second transients around the ecliptic and the Galactic plane for the first time, obtaining $\sim 0.090$ and $\sim 0.38~{\rm hr^{-1}~deg^{-2}}$ for $m = 12$ and 13 Vmag, respectively. In addition, future prospects of the sub-second scale transient event surveys are discussed.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures, accepted for publication in the Astronomical Journal
Testing a Data-driven Active Region Evolution Model with Boundary Data at Different Heights from a Solar Magnetic Flux Emergence Simulation
Creators: name: Jiang, Chaowei
name: Toriumi, Shin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A data-driven active region evolution (DARE) model has been developed to study the complex structures and dynamics of solar coronal magnetic fields. The model is configured with typical coronal environment of tenuous gas governed by strong magnetic field, and thus its lower boundary is set at the base of the corona, but driven by magnetic fields observed in the photosphere. A previous assessment of the model using data from a flux emergence simulation (FES) showed that the DARE failed to reproduce the coronal magnetic field in the FES, which is attributed to the fact that the photospheric data in the FES has a very strong Lorentz force and therefore spurious flows are generated in the DARE model. Here we further test the DARE by using three sets of data from the FES sliced at incremental heights, which correspond to the photosphere, the chromosphere and the base of the corona. It is found that the key difference in the three sets of data is the extent of the Lorentz force, which makes the data-driven model perform very differently. At the two higher levels above the photosphere, the Lorentz force decreases substantially, and the DARE model attains results in much better agreement with the FES, confirming that the Lorentz force in the boundary data is a key issue affecting the results of the DARE model. However, unlike the FES data, the photospheric field from SDO/HMI observations has recently been found to be very close to force-free. Therefore, we suggest that it is still reasonable to use the photospheric magnetic field as approximation of the field at the coronal base to drive the DARE model.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures, accept by ApJ
Additional file 2 of Compound heterozygous variants in LAMC3 in association with posterior periventricular nodular heterotopia
Creators: name: Angelis, Carla De
name: Byrne, Alicia B.
name: Morrow, Rebecca
name: Jinghua Feng
name: Ha, Thuong
name: Wang, Paul
name: Schreiber, Andreas W.
name: Babic, Milena
name: Taranath, Ajay
name: Manton, Nick
name: King-Smith, Sarah L.
name: Quenten Schwarz
name: Arts, Peer
name: Scott, Hamish S.
name: Barnett, Christopher
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 2: Figure S2. Family pedigree and segregation of the LAMC3 variants by Sanger sequencing. Both LAMC3 variants were confirmed to be present in compound heterozygosity in the proband. The paternal variant, p.Arg356Cys, and the maternal variant, p.Gln909Arg, were confirmed as heterozygous. Only the paternal variant was present in unaffected sibling 1, and only the maternal variant was present in the current unaffected pregnancy. The third unaffected sibling carries neither variant.
Tomographic simulations of accretion disks in Cataclysmic Variables - flickering and wind
Creators: name: Ribeiro, Fabiola Mariana A.
name: Diaz, Marcos P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cataclysmic Variables (CVs) are close binary systems where mass is transferred from a red dwarf star to a white dwarf star via an accretion disk. The flickering is observed as stochastic variations in the emitted radiation both in the continuum and in the emission line profiles. The main goal of our simulations is to compare synthetic Doppler maps with observed ones, aiming to constrain the flickering properties and wind parameters. A code was developed which generates synthetic emission line profiles of a geometrically thin and optically thick accretion disk. The simulation allows us to include flares in a particular disk region. The emission line flares may be integrated over arbitrary ``exposure'' times, producing the synthetic line profiles. Flickering Doppler maps are created using such synthetic time series. The presence of a wind inside the Roche lobe was also implemented. Radiative transfer effects in the lines where taken into account in order to reproduce the single peaked line profiles frequently seen in nova-like CVs.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure, accepted for publication in Astrophysics and Space Science "Close Binaries in the 21th Century, New Opportunities and Challenges" conference proceeding
Προσδιορισμός της τάσης και της παραμόρφωσης σε ένα σύστημα μήτρας ενδόθετου
Creators: name: Κατσάνος, Αγγελος Κωνσταντίνου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2010
Subjects: Τάση
Παραμόρφωση
Ενδόθετο
Strain
Stress
Inclusion

description: Η συγκεκριμένη εργασία χωρίζεται σε δύο μέρη. Στο πρώτο παρουσιάζεται θεωρητικά ο υπολογισμός του μεγίστου και του ελαχίστου πεδίου (strain) μιας κβαντικής γραμμής σε μια μήτρα με τρεις διαφορετικούς τρόπους. Οι δύο από τις τρείς μεθόδους ανήκουν στην κατηγορία των continuum method και είναι η 1) boundary element method (BEM) και 2) η μέθοδος εγκλεισμού (inclusion method). Η τρίτη μέθοδος βασίζεται στην ατομική προσέγγιση και προσομοίωση 3) μοριακή στατική. Τα αποτελέσματα των τριών μεθόδων συγκρίνονται και βγαίνουν ποιοτικά και ποσοτικά συμπεράσματα. Στο δεύτερο κομμάτι με την βοήθεια του matlab και με μεθόδους συνεχούς μέσου, γίνεται ο υπολογισμός της παραμόρφωσης και της τάσης για έξι διαφορετικά σύστηματα μήτρας ενδόθετου. Στην μήτρα δίνονται διάφορες εξωτερικές φορτίσεις για διάφορες γεωμετρίες του ενδόθετου. Γίνεται τρισδιάστατη απεικόνιση του πεδίου για κάθε εφαρμογή, σύγκριση των μεταβολών τάσης και παραμόρφωσης με αλλαγή των γεωμετρικών χαρακτηριστικών του ενδόθετου, αλλά και συγκρίσεις των πεδίων που προκύπτουν μεταξύ των διαφόρων υλικών μήτρας και ενδόθετου.
description: This thesis is divided into two parts. In the first part, the theoretical calculation of the maximum and minimum strain field of a quantum wire in a matrix is presented in three different ways. Two of the three methods, which belong to the category of continuum medium methods, are 1) the boundary element method (BEM) and 2) the inclusion method. The third method is based on (individual approach: atomic approach) and simulation: 3) the molecular static one. The results of the three methods are compared and qualitative and quantitative conclusions are drawn. In the second part, the strain and stress of six different inclusion matrix systems are calculated employing MATLAB and methods of continuum medium. The matrix is given various external loads for different geometries of inclusion. For each application, a three-dimensional representation of the field along with comparisons of the strain and stress variations due to the change of the geometric characteristics of the inclusion are being performed, as well as comparisons of the fields that result from different combinations of matrix and inclusion materials.
Separated Structure Functions for the Exclusive Electroproduction of $K^+Λ$ and $K^+Σ^0$ Final States
Creators: name: Ambrozewicz, P.
name: Carman, D. S.
name: Feuerbach, R. J.
name: Mestayer, M. D.
name: Raue, B. A.
name: Schumacher, R. A.
name: Tkabladze, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report measurements of the exclusive electroproduction of $K^+Λ$ and $K^+Σ^0$ final states from a proton target using the CLAS detector at the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility. The separated structure functions $σ_T$, $σ_L$, $σ_{TT}$, and $σ_{LT}$ were extracted from the $Φ$- and $ε$-dependent differential cross sections taken with electron beam energies of 2.567, 4.056, and 4.247 GeV. This analysis represents the first $σ_L/σ_T$ separation with the CLAS detector, and the first measurement of the kaon electroproduction structure functions away from parallel kinematics. The data span a broad range of momentum transfers from $0.5\leq Q^2\leq 2.8$ GeV$^2$ and invariant energy from $1.6\leq W\leq 2.4$ GeV, while spanning nearly the full center-of-mass angular range of the kaon. The separated structure functions reveal clear differences between the production dynamics for the $Λ$ and $Σ^0$ hyperons. These results provide an unprecedented data sample with which to constrain current and future models for the associated production of strangeness, which will allow for a better understanding of the underlying resonant and non-resonant contributions to hyperon production.
description: 61 pages, 26 figures, 5 tables
Kondo-assisted switching between three conduction states in capacitively coupled quantum dots
Creators: name: Lombardo, Pierre
name: Hayn, Roland
name: Zhuravel, Denis
name: Schäfer, Steffen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a nanoscale device consisting of a double quantum dot with strong intra- and inter- dot Coulomb repulsions. In this design, the current can only flow through the lower dot, but is triggered by the gate-controlled occupancy of the upper dot. At low temperatures, our calculations predict the double dot to pass through a narrow Kondo regime, resulting in highly sensitive switching characteristics between three well-defined states : insulating, normal conduction and resonant conduction.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
The Yellow River piano concerto : politics, culture, and style
Creators: name: Chen, Shing-Lih
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The world's most famous Chinese piano concerto, the Yellow River Piano Concerto, plays an important role in Chinese piano history. So far, however, very few studies have been made of it, and reference sources are scarce. This Concerto, written in 1969, is a synthesis of Western and Chinese styles; even so, it is a strong statement of the historical, political, and cultural values that are peculiar to China. It is also a product of the times in which it was written — during the Cultural Revolution (1966-1976). To understand the musical essence of the Concerto, therefore, one needs to understand how strong a role Chinese cultural development, aesthetics, philosophy, history, art, and politics played in its composition. These will be explored in Chapter One. For a full understanding of this Concerto, it is crucial to understand also the traditional values of Chinese music, as well as the social milieu of musicians and composers at the time the Concerto was written. The Concerto was written not by a single composer, but by a committee of six, using themes appropriated from Xian Xinghai's Yellow River Great Chorus, a massive work of patriotism, written during the Sino-Japanese War in 1939. These factors are examined in Chapter Two. Chapter Three begins by examining the nature and aesthetic of titles and their importance in traditional Chinese music. I analyze the Concerto music itself, in terms of its modality, rhythmic and motivic ideas, thematic and melodic principles, and harmonization. I define its relationship with traditional Chinese instrumental idioms, and suggest performance practices that can elicit the traditional flavour of Chinese music. I explore its possible association with Chinese folk song, and examine its connection with the Yellow River Great Chorus lyrics and the Cultural Revolution — along with the programmatic implications inherent in this connection. In the Conclusion, I evaluate the Concerto in light of the foregoing explorations. I outline its strengths and weaknesses, and I encourage performers to look at this composition, 20 years after the end of the Cultural Revolution, in a new light.
Additional file 3 of Compound heterozygous variants in LAMC3 in association with posterior periventricular nodular heterotopia
Creators: name: Angelis, Carla De
name: Byrne, Alicia B.
name: Morrow, Rebecca
name: Jinghua Feng
name: Ha, Thuong
name: Wang, Paul
name: Schreiber, Andreas W.
name: Babic, Milena
name: Taranath, Ajay
name: Manton, Nick
name: King-Smith, Sarah L.
name: Quenten Schwarz
name: Arts, Peer
name: Scott, Hamish S.
name: Barnett, Christopher
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 3: Figure S3. Conservation of the LAMC3 variants. a The arginine residue at the location of the p.Arg356Cys variant (red box) is highly conserved across 100 species. The introduction of a cysteine at amino acid 356 may disrupt the completely conserved disulphide binding pattern of cysteines (blue boxes) in the region. b The glutamine residue at the location of the p.Gln909Arg variant (red box) is highly conserved across 100 species.
Equivariant volumes of non-compact quotients and instanton counting
Creators: name: Martens, Johan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 53D20;53Z05

description: Motivated by Nekrasov's instanton counting, we discuss a method for calculating equivariant volumes of non-compact quotients in symplectic and hyper-Kähler geometry by means of the Jeffrey-Kirwan residue-formula of non-abelian localization. In order to overcome the non-compactness, we use varying symplectic cuts to reduce the problem to a compact setting, and study what happens in the limit that recovers the original problem. We implement this method for the ADHM construction of the moduli spaces of framed Yang-Mills instantons on $\R^{4}$ and rederive the formulas for the equivariant volumes obtained earlier by Nekrasov-Shadchin, expressing these volumes as iterated residues of a single rational function.
description: 34 pages, 2 figures; minor typos corrected, to appear in Comm. Math. Phys
The Effects of Primordial Black Holes on Dark Matter Models
Creators: name: Gondolo, Paolo
name: Sandick, Pearl
name: Haghi, Barmak Shams Es
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the effects of producing dark matter by Hawking evaporation of primordial black holes (PBHs) in scenarios that may have a second well-motivated dark matter production mechanism, such as freeze-out, freeze-in, or gravitational production. We show that the interplay between PBHs and the alternative sources of dark matter can give rise to model-independent modifications to the required dark matter abundance from each production mechanism, which in turn affect the prospects for dark matter detection. In particular, we demonstrate that for the freeze-out mechanism, accounting for evaporation of PBHs after freeze-out demands a larger annihilation cross section of dark matter particles than its canonical value for a thermal dark matter. For mechanisms lacking thermalization due to a feeble coupling to the thermal bath, we show that the PBH contribution to the dark matter abundance leads to the requirement of an even feebler coupling. Moreover, we show that when a large initial abundance of PBHs causes an early matter-dominated epoch, PBH evaporation alone cannot explain the whole abundance of dark matter today. In this case, an additional production mechanism is required, in contrast to the case when PBHs are formed and evaporate during a radiation-dominated epoch.
description: 16 pages, 2 figures
Synthesizing the repeating FRB population using frbpoppy
Creators: name: Gardenier, D. W.
name: Connor, L.
name: van Leeuwen, J.
name: Oostrum, L. C.
name: Petroff, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The observed Fast Radio Burst (FRB) population can be divided into one-off and repeating FRB sources. Either this division is a true dichotomy of the underlying sources, or selection effects and low activity prohibit us from observing repeat pulses from all constituents making up the FRB source population. We attempt to break this degeneracy through FRB population synthesis. With that aim we extend frbpoppy, which earlier only handled one-off FRBs, to also simulate repeaters. We next model the Canadian Hydrogen Intensity Mapping Experiment FRB survey (CHIME/FRB). Using this implementation, we investigate the impact of luminosity functions on the observed dispersion measure (DM) and distance distributions of both repeating and one-off FRBs. We show that for a single, intrinsically repeating source population with a steep luminosity function, selection effects should shape the DM distributions of one-off and repeating FRB sources differently. This difference is not yet observed. We next show how the repeater fraction over time can help in determining the repetition rate of an intrinsic source population. We simulate this fraction for CHIME/FRB, and show that a source population comprised solely of repeating FRBs can describe CHIME/FRB observations with the use of a flat luminosity function. From the outcome of these two methods we thus conclude that all FRBs originate from a single and mostly uniform population of varying repeaters. Within this population, the luminosity function cannot be steep, and there must be minor differences in physical or behaviour parameters that correlate with repeat rate.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures, submitted to Astronomy & Astrophysics
Διαχείριση της κατασκευής γεφυρών με τη μέθοδο των προκατασκευασμένων δοκών. Εφαρμογή του MS Project και σύγκριση τεχνικών παρακολούθησης και εκτίμηση του χρόνου ολοκλήρωσης της κατασκευής:
Creators: name: Ζαγάρα, Ευανθία Νικολάου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2010
Subjects: Δεδουλευμένη αξία
Δεδουλευμένη χρονική διάρκεια
Προκατασκευασμένες δοκοί
Earned value
Earned schedule
Precast concrete girders

description: Σκοπός της εργασίας είναι η μελέτη της διαχείρισης κατασκευής γεφυρών με προκατασκευασμένες δοκούς και η παρακολούθηση της με το MS Project. Περιλαμβάνεται εκτενής περιγραφή όλων των σταδίων και του απαραίτητου εξοπλισμού της μεθόδου. Παρουσιάζονται και συγκρίνονται εφτά υφισταμένες γέφυρες ως προς τις αναλώσεις, τις ποιότητες υλικών και το κόστος. Αναλυτικά, συγκρίνονται οι αναλώσεις και το κόστος οδικής και σιδηροδρομικής γέφυρας, το κόστος γεφυρών της Εγνατίας και του Κολοράντο και το κόστος ανάλογα με την εξειδίκευση των υλικών. Περιγράφεται επίσης, η διαχείριση της κατασκευής από ελληνικούς οργανισμούς. Τέλος, μέσα από τη δημιουργία ενός πραγματικού χρονοδιαγράμματος κατασκευής γέφυρας με χρήση του λογισμικού MS Project και την παρακολούθηση του με βάση πραγματικούς χρόνους ολοκλήρωσης των εργασιών, εξετάζεται η λειτουργία των μεθόδων ‘Δεδουλευμένης Άξιας’ και ‘Πιστοποιημένης Χρονικής Διάρκειας’ για τον έλεγχο της εξέλιξης ενός έργου και τη δυνατότητα πρόβλεψης της συνολικής διάρκειας και των συνήθων αποκλίσεων που παρουσιάζονται στο χρονοδιάγραμμα του έργου. Τα αποτελέσματα των αναλύσεων παρουσιάζουν ιδιαίτερο ενδιαφέρον για τις λειτουργίες του λογισμικού και για τα οφέλη από την εφαρμογή τους σε ένα έργο.
description: The aim of the present thesis is the management of precast concrete bridge construction and monitored by MS Project. This thesis includes a comprehensive description of all stages and necessary equipment of bridge construction with precast concrete beams. Seven existing bridges are presented and compared in the consumptions, the qualities of materials and cost. Further, a road and a rail bridge are compared about the consumptions and the cost, Egnatia bridges, bridges in Colorado and others with qualified materials about the cost. The management of construction of Greek organizations is also described. Finally, by creating an actual bridge construction schedule, using MS Project software and monitor in real time based on work completion, the methods of operation ‘Earned Value’ and ‘Earned Schedule’ are examined in controlling the development of a project and forecast the total length and standard deviations are presented in the project schedule. The results of the analysis are of particular interest to software functions and benefits of their implementation in a project.
Symmetric and antisymmetric components of polar-amplified warming
Creators: name: Hill, Spencer A.
name: Burls, Natalie J.
name: Fedorov, Alexey
name: Merlis, Timothy M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: CO$_2$-forced surface warming in general circulation models (GCMs) is initially polar-amplified in the Arctic but not Antarctic -- a largely hemispherically antisymmetric signal. Nevertheless, we show in CESM1 and eleven LongRunMIP GCMs that the hemispherically symmetric component of global-mean-normalized, zonal-mean warming ($T^*_\mathrm{sym}$) under 4\(\times\)CO$_2$ changes weakly or becomes moderately more polar-amplified from the first decade to near-equilibrium. Conversely, the antisymmetric warming component ($T^*_\mathrm{asym}$) weakens with time in all models, moderately in some including FAMOUS but effectively vanishing in others including CESM1. We explore mechanisms underlying the robust $T^*_\mathrm{sym}$ behavior with a diffusive moist energy balance model (MEBM), which given radiative feedback parameter ($λ$) and ocean heat uptake ($\mathcal{O}$) fields diagnosed from CESM1 adequately reproduces the CESM1 $T^*_\mathrm{sym}$ and $T^*_\mathrm{asym}$ fields. In further MEBM simulations perturbing $λ$ and $\mathcal{O}$, $T^*_\mathrm{sym}$ is sensitive to their symmetric components only, and more to that of $λ$. A three-box, two-timescale model fitted to FAMOUS and CESM1 reveals a curiously short Antarctic fast-response timescale in FAMOUS. In additional CESM1 simulations spanning a broader range of forcings, $T^*_\mathrm{sym}$ changes modestly across 2-16\(\times\)CO$_2$, and $T^*_\mathrm{sym}$ in a Pliocene-like simulation is more polar-amplified but likewise approximately time-invariant. Determining the real-world relevance of these behaviors -- which imply that a surprising amount of information about near-equilibrium polar amplification emerges within decades -- merits further study.
description: 18 pages, 9 figures, revised for Journal of Climate
Testing Grand Unification at the (S)LHC
Creators: name: Rainwater, D.
name: Tait, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the possibility of measuring the three gauge couplings at high scales at the LHC, in order to see the first steps as they run toward Grand Unification at much higher energies. Using the MSSM with sparticle masses of several hundred GeV as an example of a theory in which the couplings do unify at very high energies, we find that the processes pp->lv, pp->l+l- and pp->gamma+j can be useful to discriminate the SM from the MSSM with masses at the few hundred GeV scale, and determine that the couplings are converging at better than the SM prediction toward the GUT scale. Such measurements indirectly probe the existence of lower mass states, charged under the SM gauge groups, but which may be difficult to produce directly or extract from backgrounds at the LHC.
description: 12 pages, 7 embedded ps figures, submitted to PRD
How fast is a quantum jump?
Creators: name: de la Peña, Luis
name: Cetto, Ana María
name: Valdés-Hernández, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A proposal is put forward for an estimate of the duration of a transition between atomic states. The proposal rests on the consideration that a resonance of the atomic electron with modes of the zero-point radiation field of Compton's frequency is at the core of the phenomenon. The theoretical result, given essentially by the expression (αω_{C})^{-1}, where αis the fine structure constant and ω_{C} the Compton angular frequency for the electron, lies well within the range of the recently experimentally estimated values of the order of attoseconds (10^{-18} s).
description: 7 pages
Cutoff phenomenon for the warp-transpose top with random shuffle
Creators: name: Ghosh, Subhajit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60J10, 60B15, 60C05

description: Let $\{G_n\}_1^{\infty}$ be a sequence of non-trivial finite groups. In this paper, we study the properties of a random walk on the complete monomial group $G_n\wr S_n$ generated by the elements of the form $(\text{e},\dots,\text{e},g;\text{id})$ and $(\text{e},\dots,\text{e},g^{-1},\text{e},\dots,\text{e},g;(i,n))$ for $g\in G_n,\;1\leq i< n$. We call this the warp-transpose top with random shuffle on $G_n\wr S_n$. We find the spectrum of the transition probability matrix for this shuffle. We prove that the mixing time for this shuffle is $O\left(n\log n+\frac{1}{2}n\log (|G_n|-1)\right)$. We show that this shuffle exhibits $\ell^2$-cutoff at $n\log n+\frac{1}{2}n\log (|G_n|-1)$ and total variation cutoff at $n\log n$.
description: This version of the article has been accepted for publication in the Journal of Algebraic Combinatorics: An International Journal; see the journal reference for the published version
Optimization over Random and Gradient Probabilistic Pixel Sampling for Fast, Robust Multi-Resolution Image Registration
Creators: name: Oreshkin, Boris N.
name: Arbel, Tal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper presents an approach to fast image registration through probabilistic pixel sampling. We propose a practical scheme to leverage the benefits of two state-of-the-art pixel sampling approaches: gradient magnitude based pixel sampling and uniformly random sampling. Our framework involves learning the optimal balance between the two sampling schemes off-line during training, based on a small training dataset, using particle swarm optimization. We then test the proposed sampling approach on 3D rigid registration against two state-of-the-art approaches based on the popular, publicly available, Vanderbilt RIRE dataset. Our results indicate that the proposed sampling approach yields much faster, accurate and robust registration results when compared against the state-of-the-art.
description: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2010.00988
Wellbeing Learnings from Pandemic Pedagogies in Aotearoa New Zealand
Creators: name: Ritchie, Jenny
Publisher: name: Open Access Te Herenga Waka-Victoria University of Wellington
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 39
subject: Education
classificationCode: 3901
subject: Curriculum and pedagogy

description: This paper discusses data from a survey of New Zealand teachers conducted in 2020
during the first months of the COVID-19 pandemic. It considers this data in the light
of a series of contexts: Te Tiriti o Waitangi; social inequalities particularly in relation
to the impacts of colonisation and neoliberal social and economic policies on
Māori; the New Zealand government’s commitment to wellbeing; Te Ara Waiora,
a Māori model of wellbeing utilised by the New Zealand Treasury; and the status
of the teaching profession in Aotearoa New Zealand. Using data from the teachers’
responses to the survey, it outlines ways in which wellbeing was prioritised by
teachers during these early months of the pandemic, when teachers were suddenly
required to pivot to online teaching. It argues that the wellbeing values as espoused
in te ao Māori, a Māori worldview, and those articulated by teachers provide inspiration
for a pathway beyond the privations of the pandemic.
Millimagnitude Photometry for Transiting Extrasolar Planetary Candidates III: Accurate Radius and Period for OGLE-TR-111-b
Creators: name: Minniti, Dante
name: Fernández, José Miguel
name: Díaz, Rodrigo F.
name: Udalski, Andrzej
name: Pietrzynski, Grzegorz
name: Gieren, Wolfgang
name: Rojo, Patricio
name: Ruíz, María Teresa
name: Zoccali, Manuela
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present accurate V-band photometry for a planetary transit of OGLE-TR-111 acquired with VIMOS at the ESO Very Large Telescope. The measurement of this transit allows to refine the planetary radius, obtaining R_p= 1.01 +/- 0.06 R_J. Given the mass of M_p = 0.53 M_J previously measured from radial velocities, we confirm that the density is rho_p= 0.6 +/- 0.2 g/cm^3. We also revise the ephemeris for OGLE-TR-111-b, obtaining an accurate orbital period P= 4.014484 +/- 0.000014 days, and predicting that the next observable transits would occur around December 2006, and after that only in mid-2008. Even though this period is different from previously published values, we cannot yet rule out a constant period.
description: 16 pages (including figures), 5 figures, 1 table. Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
Time series analysis via mechanistic models
Creators: name: Bretó, Carles
name: He, Daihai
name: Ionides, Edward L.
name: King, Aaron A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The purpose of time series analysis via mechanistic models is to reconcile the known or hypothesized structure of a dynamical system with observations collected over time. We develop a framework for constructing nonlinear mechanistic models and carrying out inference. Our framework permits the consideration of implicit dynamic models, meaning statistical models for stochastic dynamical systems which are specified by a simulation algorithm to generate sample paths. Inference procedures that operate on implicit models are said to have the plug-and-play property. Our work builds on recently developed plug-and-play inference methodology for partially observed Markov models. We introduce a class of implicitly specified Markov chains with stochastic transition rates, and we demonstrate its applicability to open problems in statistical inference for biological systems. As one example, these models are shown to give a fresh perspective on measles transmission dynamics. As a second example, we present a mechanistic analysis of cholera incidence data, involving interaction between two competing strains of the pathogen Vibrio cholerae.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/08-AOAS201 the Annals of Applied Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aoas/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Local hard and soft pinning of 180$^\circ$ domain walls in BaTiO$_3$ probed by in situ transmission electron microscopy
Creators: name: Ignatans, Reinis
name: Damjanovic, Dragan
name: Tileli, Vasiliki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the electric field response of 180 degree nanodomain walls in BaTiO$_3$ using in situ electrical biasing in transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The sample is biased on a micro-device designed for reliable testing whose key attributes are confirmed by finite element calculations. The presence of weakly charged zig-zag domain walls at room temperature is attributed to the geometric confinement of the device. The motion of the domain walls under the applied electric field allows to extract local P-E loops where distinct domain wall pinning in deep and random energy potential profiles, characteristic for hard and soft ferroelectrics, respectively, are observed. Hard domain wall pinning results in asymmetrical loops typical for "hard" ferroelectrics while the soft domain wall pinning follows Rayleigh-like behaviour. All effects are measured locally and directly from the imaged domain structure.
A Comparative Evaluation of Quantification Methods
Creators: name: Schumacher, Tobias
name: Strohmaier, Markus
name: Lemmerich, Florian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Quantification represents the problem of estimating the distribution of class labels on unseen data. It also represents a growing research field in supervised machine learning, for which a large variety of different algorithms has been proposed in recent years. However, a comprehensive empirical comparison of quantification methods that supports algorithm selection is not available yet. In this work, we close this research gap by conducting a thorough empirical performance comparison of 24 different quantification methods on overall more than 40 data sets, considering binary as well as multiclass quantification settings. We observe that no single algorithm generally outperforms all competitors, but identify a group of methods including the threshold selection-based Median Sweep and TSMax methods, the DyS framework including the HDy method, Forman's mixture model, and Friedman's method that performs best in the binary setting. For the multiclass setting, we observe that a different, broad group of algorithms yields good performance, including the HDx method, the Generalized Probabilistic Adjusted Count, the readme method, the energy distance minimization method, the EM algorithm for quantification, and Friedman's method. We also find that tuning the underlying classifiers has in most cases only a limited impact on the quantification performance. More generally, we find that the performance on multiclass quantification is inferior to the results obtained in the binary setting. Our results can guide practitioners who intend to apply quantification algorithms and help researchers to identify opportunities for future research.
description: 41 pages, 18 figures, 9 tables
On multipliers of pairs of Lie superalgebras
Creators: name: Safa, Hesam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this article, we study the notion of the Schur multiplier $\mathcal{M}(N,L)$ of a pair $(N,L)$ of Lie superalgebras and obtain some upper bounds concerning dimensions. Moreover, we characterize the pairs of finite dimensional (nilpotent) Lie superalgebras for which $\dim \mathcal{M}(N,L)= \frac{1}{2}\big{(}(m+n)^2+(n-m)\big{)}+\dim N\dim(L/N)-t$, for $t=0,1$, where $\dim N=(m|n)$.
Additional file 4 of Compound heterozygous variants in LAMC3 in association with posterior periventricular nodular heterotopia
Creators: name: Angelis, Carla De
name: Byrne, Alicia B.
name: Morrow, Rebecca
name: Jinghua Feng
name: Ha, Thuong
name: Wang, Paul
name: Schreiber, Andreas W.
name: Babic, Milena
name: Taranath, Ajay
name: Manton, Nick
name: King-Smith, Sarah L.
name: Quenten Schwarz
name: Arts, Peer
name: Scott, Hamish S.
name: Barnett, Christopher
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 4: Table 1. Exome sequencing results and variant filtering outcomes.
Imprints of a Primordial Preferred Direction on the Microwave Background
Creators: name: Ackerman, Lotty
name: Carroll, Sean M.
name: Wise, Mark B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Rotational invariance is a well-established feature of low-energy physics. Violations of this symmetry must be extremely small today, but could have been larger in earlier epochs. In this paper we examine the consequences of a small breaking of rotational invariance during the inflationary era when the primordial density fluctuations were generated. Assuming that a fixed-norm vector picked out a preferred direction during the inflationary era, we explore the imprint it would leave on the cosmic microwave background anisotropy, and provide explicit formulas for the expected amplitudes $$ of the spherical-harmonic coefficients. We suggest that it is natural to expect that the imprint on the primordial power spectrum of a preferred spatial direction is approximately scale-invariant, and examine a simple model in which this is true.
description: 7 pages, no figures; v5: Corrections, as well as use of more standard convention, in section II
The effects of assigned goals on goal orientation, learning and performance in a new and complex task
Creators: name: Chia, Ho-Beng
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Contrary to the usual goal setting effect, researchers are finding that in new and complex tasks, specific and difficult (SD) goals may be worse than "do your best" (DYB) goals. Dweck and colleagues' research and ideas on goal orientation provide some insight into the possible causes of these observations. Dweck (1986, 1990) suggests that the goal orientation (proving vs. learning) which the person adopts affects learning and performance. She suggested that when both (1) the perceived task ability (self-efficacy) of participants is low, and (2) performance set-backs occur, participants with proving orientations often show deficits in learning and performance, while those with a learning orientation do not. This dissertation argues that in the initial trials of complex tasks, participants are more likely to encounter the two conditions of low self-efficacy and set-backs. If SD goals lead to a proving orientation, then learning and performance may be impaired. This dissertation re-framed Dweck and colleagues' work within goal setting theory to test whether: (1) different assigned goals (learning, proving, SD, and DYB goals) affect goal orientation, learning, and performance; (2) goal setting affects new and familiar tasks differently; and (3) SD goals lead to a proving orientation. The results showed that learning and no goals led to better performance than the proving goals especially when the task was unfamiliar. However, SD and DYB goals had no differential effects on proving orientation, learning, and performance. Dweck's hypothesized processes were also not supported: although assigned goals affected learning orientation, learning orientation did not affect either learning or performance. Exploratory analyses found that learning and performance were also unaffected by two important mediators in motivational processes - self-efficacy and personal goal levels. Thus, the performance difference between learning and proving goals could not be accounted by the motivational processes of both goal setting and self-efficacy theory. An alternative script base explanation that is consistent with the findings is discussed. The results demonstrated the limitation of motivational processes in accounting for goal effects. Furthermore, they showed that traditional goals (SD and DYB goals) had little effect on performance whereas learning and proving goals did.
Η προστασία των δικαιωμάτων των ομοφυλοφίλων στον Ευρωπαϊκό χώρο:
Creators: name: Κωνσταντινίδου, Μαρία Δημητρίου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2010
Subjects: Ομοφυλοφιλία
Ευρώπη
Προστασία
Homosexuality
Europe
Protection

description: Με αφορμή την προσφάτως εκδοθείσα απόφαση του Δικαστηρίου Ευρωπαϊκών Κοινοτήτων Maruko, επιχειρείται με την παρούσα μια προσπάθεια ανάλυσης των εξελίξεων που έχουν λάβει χώρα έως τώρα σε επίπεδο ευρωπαϊκού δικαίου πάνω στο ζήτημα της ομοφυλοφιλίας και τα δικαιώματα των ομοφυλοφίλων. Η μελέτη ξεκινά με την περιγραφή του υπάρχοντος θεσμικού πλαισίου σε επίπεδο ευρωπαϊκού δικαίου για θέματα ομοφυλοφιλίας. Στη συνέχεια, γίνεται αναφορά και σχολιασμός όλων των σχετικών με ομοφυλοφιλικά ζητήματα υποθέσεων που απασχόλησαν το ΔΕΚ μέχρι την έκδοση της αποφάσεως επί της υποθέσεως Maruko. Η ανάλυση της τελευταίας δε, λαμβάνει χώρα στο αμέσως επόμενο κεφάλαιο μαζί με την περιγραφή της οδηγίας 2000/78 επί της οποίας εκδόθηκε, ενώ το τελευταίο κεφάλαιο αφιερώνεται στην σημαντικότερη νομολογία του Ευρωπαϊκού Δικαστηρίου των Δικαιωμάτων του Ανθρώπου. Αξίζει, τέλος, να αναφερθεί ότι η παρούσα δεν περιλαμβάνει ανάλυση του σχετικού με ομοφυλοφιλικά ζητήματα εθνικού δικαίου των κρατών-μελών.
description: On the occasion of the recently adopted decision of the European Court of Justice Maruko, the present essay aims to analyze the developments that have taken place so far in the European law on the issue of homosexuality and gay rights. The study begins with a description of the existing institutional framework in the European law on homosexuality issues. Then we describe and analyze all the related to gay issues decisions that the ECJ has adopted so far until the adoption of the Maruko decision. The analysis of the latter takes place in the next chapter of the essay with the description of the directive 2000/78 on which the decision was adopted, while in the last chapter we describe the most important decisions adopted by the European Court of Human Rights. Finally, it should be mentioned that the present essay does not include an analysis of the member states’ national law on the issue of homosexuality.
Determination of the scaling characteristics of time-dependent optical properties of microalgae using electromagnetic scattering
Creators: name: Ma, Chunyang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The time-dependent optical properties of microalgae are crucial for light transfer in photobioreactor (PBR) designs. Here, the time-dependent optical properties were derived using electromagnetic scattering theory informed by the experimentally measured optical properties of Chlorella protothecoides. The temporal scaling functions (TSFs) of nearly wavelength-independent absorption and scattering cross-sections were demonstrated using the electromagnetic scattering theory, leading to the first concrete expression of the TSF. The TSF establishes the relationship between the time-dependent absorption/scattering cross-sections at the stationery and growth phases of microalgal development. The concrete expression of the TSF provides a new way to calculate the time-dependent optical properties of microalgae using electromagnetic scattering theory. The areas where the TSF of microalgae has exciting potential are in remote sensing and photobioreactor applications.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures