cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Ocena wpływu wybranych czynników na wybór lokali gastronomicznych
Creators: name: Bilska, Beata
name: Grzesińska, Wiesława
name: Tomaszewska, Marzena
name: Przybylski, Wiesław
name: Bilska, Beata
name: Grzesińska, Wiesława
name: Tomaszewska, Marzena
name: Przybylski, Wiesław
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: quality of catering service
subject: competitiveness of catering companies

description: In view of the intensive development of the catering industry and increased competition in this sector is extremely important the quality of services provided. A company that wants to adapt their services to the requirements of consumers should get to know. The aim of this study was asessment of influence of selected factors on the choice of catering establishments. Respondents considered the most important components of the quality of catering services sensory characteristics of foods, namely: taste, appearance and aroma. Price occupied a high position among the factors influencing the choice of a catering facility, as well as among factors determining the quality of catering services.
Freeze-in Dark Matter from Secret Neutrino Interactions
Creators: name: Du, Yong
name: Huang, Fei
name: Li, Hao-Lin
name: Yu, Jiang-Hao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate a simplified freeze-in dark-matter model in which the dark matter only interacts with the standard-model neutrinos via a light scalar. The extremely small coupling for the freeze-in mechanism is naturally realized in several neutrino-portal scenarios with the secret neutrino interactions. We study possible evolution history of the dark sector: the dark sector would undergo pure freeze-in production if the interactions between the dark-sector particles are negligible, while thermal equilibrium within the dark sector could occur if the reannihilation of the dark matter and the scalar mediator is rapid enough. We investigate the relic abundance in the freeze-in and dark freeze-out regimes, calculate evolution of the dark temperature, and study its phenomenological aspects on BBN and CMB constraints, the indirect-detection signature, as well as the potential to solve the small scale structure problem.
description: 30 pages, 7 figures, revised version with references updated
Spatial and Wavenumber Resolution of Doppler Reflectometry
Creators: name: Surkov, Alexander
name: Gusakov, Evgeniy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Doppler reflectometry spatial and wavenumber resolution is analyzed within the framework of the linear Born approximation in slab plasma model. Explicit expression for its signal backscattering spectrum is obtained in terms of wavenumber and frequency spectra of turbulence which is assumed to be radially statistically inhomogeneous. Scattering efficiency for both back and forward scattering (in radial direction) is introduced and shown to be inverse proportional to the square of radial wavenumber of the probing wave at the fluctuation location thus making the spatial resolution of diagnostics sensitive to density profile. It is shown that in case of forward scattering additional localization can be provided by the antenna diagram. It is demonstrated that in case of backscattering the spatial resolution can be better if the turbulence spectrum at high radial wavenumbers is suppressed. The improvement of Doppler reflectometry data localization by probing beam focusing onto the cut-off is proposed and described. The possibility of Doppler reflectometry data interpretation based on the obtained expressions is shown.
description: http://stacks.iop.org/0741-3335/46/1143
Oxidation-resistant catalyst supports for proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs)
Creators: name: Chhina, Harmeet
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) are electrochemical energy conversion devices that react hydrogen and oxygen to produce electricity. PEMFCs can be used for power generation in the portable, stationary and transportation sectors. Severe performance degradation during extended operation is hindering commercialization of PEMFCs. One of the mechanisms causing performance degradation includes catalyst support corrosion. Tungsten carbide (WC) and indium tin oxide (ITO) were selected as supports of choice. Platinum was dispersed on commercial samples of WC and ITO. Both the thermal and electrochemical stability of the supported catalyst was determined. The stability of the supports was compared with both commercial catalyst (Hispec 4000) and in-house Pt catalyst. The in-house Pt catalyst was supported on commonly used high surface area carbon Vulcan XC-72R catalyst support. The electrochemical testing involved applying oxidation cycles between +0.6 V to +1.8 V and monitoring the loss in activity of the supported catalyst over 100 oxidation cycles. Tungsten carbide was found to be extremely stable. However, direct comparison of its stability to Vulcan XC-72R is currently difficult. The electrochemical stability of 40 wt% Pt dispersed on WC was compared with that of 40 wt% Pt/C. Even though there are large differences in the densities of C and WC some comparisons are possible. An alternative method to more directly compare the stabilities of WC and C involved dispersing a similar amount of Pt on similar powder volumes of WC and C. The solid densities of both carbon and WC were also used to disperse similar volumes of Pt on both supports in order to more directly compare the electrochemical stability. Indium tin oxide lost approximately 50% of its activity after 30 oxidation cycles, whereas Vulcan XC-72R lost almost 100% of its activity after 10 oxidation cycles. Both the electrochemical oxidation and thermal stability tests showed that IT0 is extremely stable compared to Vulcan XC- 72R.
title: Innovation strategies for SMEs : the case of component suppliers in the automotive inudstry
Creators: name: Schmid, Matthias
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Automotive
subject: Disruptive technology
subject: Innovation strategy
subject: SME
subject: Component supplier
subject: Alternative fuel vehicle

description: Statements like 'Your petrol-fueled car will become a thing of the past' is not really new, except it comes from the CEO of one the biggest vehicle manufacturer in the world, Mary Barra, CEO of General Motors. The technological change in the automotive industry is omnipresent in today's media and the citation above points up that it is 'the topic' as well as at huge OEMs. But what are the effects on the automotive supplier industry and especially those small and medium-sized enterprises, who are responsible for many different parts in a vehicle, what is their opinion about the technological change, do they have a specific strategy for and if not, what could be potential strategies. These are the main questions which are addressed in this thesis. This thesis is especially addressed to small and medium-sized components supplier in the automotive industry. Why is that? First, particularly small and medium-sized enterprises do not have the financial power and stamina to react on changes in their business environment. Second, component manufacturer will face life-threatening changes in the future, especially those who are mainly engaged in the internal combustion engine and 'traditional' powertrain environment. To be well prepared for future disruptive changes, small and medium-sized enterprises have to develop a sense of urgency, because in the past companies failed in disruptive situations, because they simply did not see the change or were too arrogant to adapt. But a sense of urgency is not enough to compete with disruptive technological changes. Affected companies have to develop innovation strategies to be prepared when disruptive change arise.
Diffractive physics: from the Tevatron to the LHC
Creators: name: Gallinaro, Michele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Measurements of soft and hard diffractive processes have been performed at the Tevatron p-pbar collider during the past decade. Diffractive events are studied by means of identification of one or more rapidity gaps and/or a leading antiproton. Here, results are discussed within the Tevatron data and compared to those obtained at the HERA ep collider. The traditional ``pomeron'' is described within the framework of QCD and the issues discussed include pomeron structure, diffractive cross section factorization, and universality of rapidity gap formation. Exclusive dijet and low-mass state production in double-pomeron exchange processes, including predictions for Higgs production at the LHC from dijet measurements at the Tevatron.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures Pub. Proceedings "International Conference on High Energy Physics" - Beijing, China, Aug 16-22, 2004
A handy way to estimate lean body mass and fuel load from wing length: a quantitative approach using magnetic resonance data
Creators: name: Kelsey, Natalie A.
name: Schmaljohann, Heiko
name: Bairlein, Franz
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Knowledge about fuel load of migratory birds is important for understanding their migration in general, as it affects for example departure decisions from stopovers and the distance to fly. In field ornithology, indirect estimates of fuel load through biometric approaches and fat scoring are widely used because direct and thus more accurate estimates of fat and lean mass are hardly applicable in the field or require sacrificing of the bird. In this study, we used quantitative magnetic resonance technology to directly measure fat and lean mass of 5390 individuals of 21 Palearctic migratory songbird species captured on Helgoland during spring and autumn migration. Based on these data, a general multi-species model demonstrated that the bird’s lean body mass is positively related to its wing length. In relation to this species-unspecific dependency, species-specific relationships were developed. For all species, we provide the equations to estimate individual fuel loads solely based on the bird’s wing length and current body mass. Our results are in line with former approaches, but our approach yields slightly more precise estimates and applies to more species, presenting a handy and easy tool for field ornithologists to evaluate the amount of fuel carried by their study bird.
Optimization-based Constrained Funnel Synthesis for Systems with Lipschitz Nonlinearities via Numerical Optimal Control
Creators: name: Kim, Taewan
name: Elango, Purnanand
name: Reynolds, Taylor P.
name: Açıkmeşe, Behçet
name: Mesbahi, Mehran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper presents a funnel synthesis algorithm for computing controlled invariant sets and feedback control gains around a given nominal trajectory for dynamical systems with locally Lipschitz nonlinearities and bounded disturbances. The resulting funnel synthesis problem involves a differential linear matrix inequality (DLMI) whose solution satisfies a Lyapunov condition that implies invariance and attractivity properties. Due to these properties, the proposed method can balance maximization of initial invariant funnel size, i.e., size of the funnel entry, and minimization of the size of the attractive funnel for attenuating the effect of disturbance. To solve the resulting funnel synthesis problem with the DLMI as constraints, we employ a numerical optimal control approach that uses a multiple shooting method to convert the problem into a finite dimensional semidefinite programming problem. This framework does not require piecewise linear system matrices and funnel parameters, which is typically assumed in recent related work. We illustrate the proposed funnel synthesis method with a numerical example.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, accepted to LCSS
Ocena stopnia zrównoważenia gospodarstw mlecznych w oparciu o wybrane wskaźniki produkcyjne i agroekologiczne
Creators: name: Bojarszczuk, Jolanta
name: Bojarszczuk, Jolanta
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: dairy farms
subject: sustainability degree
subject: agroecological and production indexes

description: The paper present estimation of dairy farms for requirements of good principles of agricultural practices in aspects of adaptation to good agricultural practice. Research were concentrated in the area of lubelskie and podlaskie provinces, in farms near dairy companies, that makes guarantee of market of milk and it effects perfecting of production. The most of tested dairy farms showed a positive nitrogen balance in excess of the allowable amount of 30 kg N per ha of agricultural land, which in turn creates a danger to the environment due to leaching of nitrogen into the deeper layers of the soil and the groundwater. Favorable balance of nutrients and an index of soil cover by plants reached the farms with have weaker soils. The soil organic matter balance developed as is generally preferred.
Additional file 2 of Telemedicine-based antibiotic stewardship program in pediatrics: study protocol of a stepped wedge cluster randomized trial—the TeleKasper study
Creators: name: Diexer, Sophie
name: Ihling, Angelika
name: Gomes, Delphina
name: Moritz, Stefan
name: Simon, Arne
name: Dohna-Schwake, Christian
name: Mikolajczyk, Rafael
name: Huebner, Johannes
name: von Both, Ulrich
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: Supplementary Material 2.
2D Repetitive PI Control for Enhanced Harmonic Current Suppression in Induction Machines
Creators: name: Stoß, Johannes
name: Mader, Pierre
name: Goehner, Stephan
name: Geier, Leonard
name: Brodatzki, Matthias
name: Hiller, Marc
name: Liske, Andreas
Publisher: name: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Year: 2025
Subjects: induction machines
harmonics
non-linear control
harmonics mitigation
machine control

description: This paper presents a novel control strategy, for mitigating harmonics in squirrel cage induction machines using a
repetitive PI-controller. The proposed method enhances existing control architectures for permanent-magnet synchronous motors by taking the rotor harmonics into account by adding a second dimension. This is a key enabler for harmonic current mitigation in induction machines, as the magnetic circuit depends on the rotor position and rotor flux angle. The presented controller has been verified by test bench measurements. In addition, its
performance is demonstrated by comparison with a conventional PI control and a 1D repetitive PI control using measurements.
Numerical time-of-flight analysis of the strong-field photoeffect
Creators: name: Tulsky, V. A.
name: Bauer, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Short-time filtering of the photoionization amplitude extracted straight from the numerical solution of the time-dependent Schrödinger equation (TDSE) is used to identify dominant pathways that form photoelectron spectra in strong fields. Thereby, the "black-box nature" of TDSE solvers only giving the final spectrum is overcome, and simpler approaches, e.g., semi-classical based on the strong-field approximation, can be tested and improved. The approach also allows to suppress intercycle quantum interference between pathways removing patterns that are usually washed out in experiments.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
Pentaquark baryon production in nuclear reactions
Creators: name: Ko, C. M.
name: Liu, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using a hadronic model with empirical coupling constants and form factors, we have evaluated the cross sections for the production of exotic pentaquark $Θ^+$ and/or $Ξ_5^+$ and $Ξ_5^{--}$ in reactions induced by photons, nucleons, pions, and kaons on nucleon targets. We have also predicted the $Θ^+$ yield in relativistic heavy ion collisions using a kinetic model that takes into account both $Θ^+$ production from the coalescence of quarks and antiquarks in the quark-gluon plasma and the effects due to subsequent hadronic absorption and regeneration.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures, talk presented at International Workshop Pentaquark04, July 20-24, 2004 at SPring-8, Japan
Wavelength-division multiplexing optical Ising simulator enabling fully programmable spin couplings and external magnetic fields
Creators: name: Luo, Li
name: Mi, Zhiyi
name: Huang, Junyi
name: Ruan, Zhichao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Emerging Technologies (cs.ET)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recently, spatial photonic Ising machines (SPIMs) have demonstrated the abilities to compute the Ising Hamiltonian of large-scale spin systems, with the advantages of ultrafast speed and high power efficiency. However, such optical computations have been limited to specific Ising models with fully connected couplings. Here we develop a wavelength-division multiplexing SPIM to enable programmable spin couplings and external magnetic fields as well for general Ising models. We experimentally demonstrate such a wavelength-division multiplexing SPIM with a single spatial light modulator, where the gauge transformation is implemented to eliminate the impact of pixel alignment. To show the programmable capability of general spin coupling interactions, we explore three spin systems: $\pm J$ models, Sherrington-Kirkpatrick models, and only locally connected ${{J}_{1}}\texttt{-}{{J}_{2}}$ models and observe the phase transitions among the spin-glass, the ferromagnetic, the paramagnetic and the stripe-antiferromagnetic phases. These results show that the wavelength-division multiplexing approach has great programmable flexibility of spin couplings and external magnetic fields, which provides the opportunities to solve general combinatorial optimization problems with large-scale and on-demand SPIM.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Note Illustrative della Carta geologica d'Italia alla scala 1:50.000, F. 291 Pergola
Creators: name: Centamore, E.
name: Catenacci, V.
name: Chiocchini, M.
name: Chiocchini, U.
name: Jacobacci, A.
name: Martelli, G.
name: Micarelli, N.
name: Valletta, M.
Publisher: name: INFN Open Access Repository
Year: 1975

description: Note illustrative redatte per il Foglio geologico n. 291 Pergola della Carta Geologica d'Italia alla scala 1:50.000. 22 pp.
Accurate spectroscopy of Sr atoms
Creators: name: Courtillot, Irene
name: Quessada-Vial, Audrey
name: Brusch, Anders
name: Kolker, Dmitri
name: Rovera, Giovanni D.
name: Lemonde, Pierre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the frequency measurement with an accuracy in the 100 kHz range of several optical transitions of atomic Sr : $^1S_0- ^3P_1$ at 689 nm, $^3P_1- ^3S_1$ at 688 nm and $^3P_0- ^3S_1$ at 679 nm. Measurements are performed with a frequency chain based on a femtosecond laser referenced to primary frequency standards. They allowed the indirect determination with a 70 kHz uncertainty of the frequency of the doubly forbidden $5s^2^1S_0- 5s5p^3P_0$ transition of $^{87}$Sr at 698 nm and in a second step its direct observation. Frequency measurements are performed for $^{88}$Sr and $^{87}$Sr, allowing the determination of $^3P_0$, $^3P_1$ and $^3S_1$ isotope shifts, as well as the $^3S_1$ hyperfine constants.
description: 12 pages, 16 figures
title: Assessing future market opportunities for information technology in operational facility management
Creators: name: Riemer, Raphael
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Augmented Reality
subject: Building Information Modelling
subject: Asset Tracking
subject: Operational Facility Management
subject: IT in FM

description: This work explores emerging technologies surrounding the facility management industry in regard to their possible impact on some of the current challenges for the Operations & Maintenance discipline. Despite the fact that facility management as a whole is rather slow in adopting to novel technologies, facility managers should be prepared to the possible impact that technology will likely induce upon the FM industry. The result is a holistic insight into the landscape of emerging technologies that promise value either because of the explicit need of information technology in the facility management industry, or as possible, alternative solutions to selected challenges presented in this thesis. By applying technology assessment methods to the literature research of up-to-date publications, facility management journals and papers on one hand, and to the identification of underlying, alternative solutions to the issues regarding the operations of facilities presented in this work on the other hand, a number of technologies have been identified with a focus to the operation of facilities. In particular, Building Information Modelling (BIM), a methodology that has experienced rising prominence over the past few years, was analysed in more detail as a possible solution for the application of novel and state-of-the-art technology to the construction sector. BIM promises to increase the level of detail of electronic data that is gathered throughout the planning and construction stages, thus leading to an extensive knowledge database that can be later utilized by facility managers during or even in advance to the operations stage. Furthermore, Augmented Reality (AR) emerged from the technology assessment analysis as an alternative solution to provide more sophisticated means for a mobile human-computer-interaction, in contrary to the common mobile device screens, with regard to a facility manager¿s daily tasks regarding the tracking of assets.
Scalar-tensor representation to $f(R,T)-$brane with Gauss-Bonnet gravity
Creators: name: Lobão, A. S.
name: Rosa, João Luís
name: Bazeia, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we generalize the analysis of the $f(R,T)-$brane via the inclusion of a term proportional to the Gauss-Bonnet invariant. We consider an action of the form $F(R,G,T)=f(R,T)+αG$, where $T$ is the trace of the stress-energy tensor, $R$ is the Ricci scalar, and $α$ is a real parameter that controls the contribution of the Gauss-Bonnet invariant $G$. We introduce the first-order formalism to obtain solutions for the source field of the brane in the special case where $f(R,T)=R+βT$ and illustrate its procedure with an application to the sine-Gordon model. We also investigate the general case of the $f(R,T)-$brane via the use of the scalar-tensor formalism, where we also use the first-order formalism to obtain solutions. Finally, we investigate the linear stability of the brane under tensor perturbations of the the modified Einstein's field equations. Our results indicate that the Gauss-Bonnet term may induce qualitatively different behaviors of the quantities on the brane, provided that its contribution is large enough.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures
Automating Bibliometric Analysis with Sentence Transformers and Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG): A Pilot Study in Semantic and Contextual Search for Customized Literature Characterization for High-Impact Urban Research
Creators: name: Xu, Haowen
name: Li, Xueping
name: Tupayachi, Jose
name: Jianming
name: Lian
name: Omitaomu, Femi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Bibliometric analysis is essential for understanding research trends, scope, and impact in urban science, especially in high-impact journals, such Nature Portfolios. However, traditional methods, relying on keyword searches and basic NLP techniques, often fail to uncover valuable insights not explicitly stated in article titles or keywords. These approaches are unable to perform semantic searches and contextual understanding, limiting their effectiveness in classifying topics and characterizing studies. In this paper, we address these limitations by leveraging Generative AI models, specifically transformers and Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG), to automate and enhance bibliometric analysis. We developed a technical workflow that integrates a vector database, Sentence Transformers, a Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM), Retrieval Agent, and Large Language Models (LLMs) to enable contextual search, topic ranking, and characterization of research using customized prompt templates. A pilot study analyzing 223 urban science-related articles published in Nature Communications over the past decade highlights the effectiveness of our approach in generating insightful summary statistics on the quality, scope, and characteristics of papers in high-impact journals. This study introduces a new paradigm for enhancing bibliometric analysis and knowledge retrieval in urban research, positioning an AI agent as a powerful tool for advancing research evaluation and understanding.
Nanoindentation study and quantitative backscattered electron imaging of Human cortical bone
Creators: name: Soares Silva, Leandro De Macedo
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Bone fracture is a burden for health care and especially for individuals suffering the consequences of fracture. Osteoporosis reduces bone mass and increases the likelihood of fracture as it causes bone thinning and increases porosity. The understanding of Peripheral Quantitative Computed Tomography (pQCT), a clinical tool used in bone health diagnosis to assess bone quality, requires an evaluation of bone mineral content (BMC) and porosity distribution across the cortex. This new analysis is introduced in this work. Cortical bone quality depends on three factors: material properties, BMC and degree of porosity. Two key techniques were used to characterize bone structure and properties. Nanoindentation equipped with continuous stiffness measurement (CSM) allows depth-dependence measurement of material properties (elastic and viscoelastic). Quantitative Backscattered Electron Imaging (qBSEi) is a microscopy technique capable of quantifying the BMC and the porosity of bone tissue. Seventeen human cortical tibiae specimens, ranging from 67 to 88 years old, were used in this study. The results on nanoindentation and qBSEi and their correlation to pQCT data will be presented along with a statistical analysis. The material properties of bone were intrinsically dependent on measurement conditions and water content had an important role in bone mechanics. Moistening bone reduced the elastic modulus and hardness and increased its viscoelasticity. The elastic modulus of bone increased with increasing BMC. In the bone microstructure, interstitial bone was more mineralized than osteonal bone, and thus had higher elastic modulus. The elastic modulus of bone varied across the cortex; however, the central part of cortical bone remained uniform. The BMC distribution across the cortex was statistically uniform. The degree of porosity in bone greatly influenced the pQCT measurement of apparent density; while BMC did not contribute as much as porosity. It is concluded that even though the bone mineral content appeared as an indicator of bone quality at the microscale level, it becomes less obvious at the macroscale level. At this level porosity becomes the major factor affecting bone density.
The role of strange sea quarks in chiral extrapolations on the lattice
Creators: name: Descotes-Genon, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Since the strange quark has a light mass of order Lambda_QCD, fluctuations of sea s-s bar pairs may play a special role in the low-energy dynamics of QCD by inducing significantly different patterns of chiral symmetry breaking in the chiral limits N_f=2 (m_u=m_d=0, m_s physical) and N_f=3 (m_u=m_d=m_s=0). This effect of vacuum fluctuations of s-s bar pairs is related to the violation of the Zweig rule in the scalar sector, described through the two O(p^4) low-energy constants L_4 and L_6 of the three-flavour strong chiral lagrangian. In the case of significant vacuum fluctuations, three-flavour chiral expansions might exhibit a numerical competition between leading- and next-to-leading-order terms according to the chiral counting, and chiral extrapolations should be handled with a special care. We investigate the impact of the fluctuations of s-s bar pairs on chiral extrapolations in the case of lattice simulations with three dynamical flavours in the isospin limit. Information on the size of the vacuum fluctuations can be obtained from the dependence of the masses and decay constants of pions and kaons on the light quark masses. Even in the case of large fluctuations, corrections due to the finite size of spatial dimensions can be kept under control for large enough boxes (L around 2.5 fm).
description: 31 pages, 9 figures. A few comments added and typos corrected
Topological edge and corner states in coupled wave lattices in nonlinear polariton condensates
Creators: name: Schneider, Tobias
name: Gao, Wenlong
name: Zentgraf, Thomas
name: Schumacher, Stefan
name: Ma, Xuekai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Topological states have been widely investigated in different types of systems and lattices. In the present work, we report on topological edge states in double-wave (DW) chains, which can be described by a generalized Aubry-André-Harper (AAH) model. For the specific system of a driven-dissipative exciton polariton system we show that in such potential chains, different types of edge states can form. For resonant optical excitation, we further find that the optical nonlinearity leads to a multistability of different edge states. This includes topologically protected edge states evolved directly from individual linear eigenstates as well as additional edge states that originate from nonlinearity-induced localization of bulk states. Extending the system into two dimensions (2D) by stacking horizontal DW chains in the vertical direction, we also create 2D multi-wave lattices. In such 2D lattices multiple Su-Schrieffer-Heeger (SSH) chains appear along the vertical direction. The combination of DW chains in the horizontal and SSH chains in the vertical direction then results in the formation of higher-order topological insulator corner states. Multistable corner states emerge in the nonlinear regime.
title: Technical, social and economic implications of Machine Learning in IoT
Creators: name: Bogoevski, Aleksandar
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: cyber physical systems
subject: internet of things
subject: IoT driven business models
subject: business model innovation
subject: IoT state of the art technologies
subject: cyber physical systems
subject: internet of things
subject: IoT driven business models
subject: business model innovation
subject: IoT state of the art technologies

description: 'Data is the new oil, it's valuable, but if unrefined it cannot really be used. It has to be changed into gas, plastic, or chemicals to create a valuable entity that drives profitable activity; so must data be broken down, analyzed for it to have value.' Clive Humby, Mathematician and architect of Tesco's Clubcard, 2006 In today's world data is gathered almost everywhere and for every purpose, especially as more and more devices are connected, which act as a data source in different fields. But what to do with this data? What benefits can result of gaining data? And what new possibilities are coming up driven by digitalization? How important is analytics in the Internet of Things? This thesis aims to analyze the importance of analytics in the Internet of Things when it comes to creating new business models in the industrial environment and provide a state - of - the - art review on what has been done so far in this domain. Therefore, the value chain of IoT is analyzed where different factors like the amount of data, the processing capabilities and the variety of data play an important role when it comes to creating value out of gained data from all different types of sources deployed in the field. New technologies like predictive analytics, edge computing and different access technologies are unleashing tremendous possibilities for enterprises of all sizes to change industries they are acting in and even disrupt these industries just by gaining new insights in customer behavior, better utilizing their assets or by introducing new business models to the world which are enabled through the Internet of Things and especially through analytics. It is all about gaining value out of collected data in order to remain competitive and to be able to sustain over time. Businesses of all sizes should analyze their possibilities and benefits in deploying different types of analytics and determine their possibilities in deploying new business models to meet expectations rising out of the new society where possessing goods is not that much of importance anymore, but therefore even more important to provide exactly the desired service at the right time at the right quality level in order to make sure that customer expectations are met and bind customers even closer to a business than it has been possible ever before.
Additional file 1 of Telemedicine-based antibiotic stewardship program in pediatrics: study protocol of a stepped wedge cluster randomized trial—the TeleKasper study
Creators: name: Diexer, Sophie
name: Ihling, Angelika
name: Gomes, Delphina
name: Moritz, Stefan
name: Simon, Arne
name: Dohna-Schwake, Christian
name: Mikolajczyk, Rafael
name: Huebner, Johannes
name: von Both, Ulrich
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: Supplementary Material 1.
Anti-Inflammatory, and Anti-Nociceptive Properties of Leaf and Root Extracts of Amaranthus spinosus
Creators: name: Reza, Hashim Mushtasin
name: MN Islam
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 111504 Pharmaceutical Sciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Pharmacology

description: Inflammation is the body’s protective retaliation to obnoxious stimuli, damage and infection. Despite eliciting repairing function, inflammation over prolonged periods of time can lead to the development of severe conditions such as cancer, and numerous cardiovascular, metabolic, neurological, and renal disorders. In this experiment, the ethanolic extracts of Amaranthus spinosus L. leaves and roots were evaluated for anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive potential using the acetic acid induced writhing, tail immersion, and hot plate test with mice. Results showed that the extracts of both leaves and roots had reduced inflammation and nociceptive pain. The 500 mg/kg doses of both plant parts showed the most significant results. Both plant part extracts were observed to elicit pain relief effects comparable to a diclofenac sodium, and morphine. The mechanism of this effect may be through the non-selective inhibition of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) enzyme, and activation of µ opioid receptor. The 500mg/kg root extract showed highest antiinflammatory and antinociceptive action.
title: Launching and operating a fast fashion brand in Russia
Creators: name: Barinova, Olga
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: fashion
subject: fast fashion
subject: e-commerce
subject: Russia
subject: marketing
subject: recession
subject: Russian fashion market
subject: Lamoda
subject: Wildberries

description: Fast fashion has become one of the most important industry phenomena of the past decades. Developed in the 1990s and fueled by globalization, fast fashion has now entered in a new era and is facing new challenges. In this paper, I am focusing on Russian fast fashion market. Is it different from international market? What hurdles are there and what drives the industry forward? How should Russian fast fashion companies shape their operations and adjust strategy in order to survive and to succeed? This thesis is aimed to analyze the specific conditions that Russian fast fashion companies are experiencing. In order to come up with relevant practical solutions, various types of research including top fast fashion managers interviews, available data analysis and own experience are analyzed. Being incredibly dynamic industry, fashion market is quickly adjusting to new economy conditions and companies are seeking for ways to survive in post-turbulence period. While international fast fashion retailers tend to use recession to grow their chains and gain presence, many Russian players are busy optimizing processes and are mostly downsizing. So how should fast fashion behave in the eye of the storm? This study suggests that recession can be beneficial for some retailers. By focusing on identifying consumer needs and adjusting all business process to better serve them, fast fashion companies can gain long-term competitive advantage. Some of the big trends in Russian fast fashion retail include aggressive off-price marketing, online market winning shares from offline, shifting consumer preferences towards price-driven behavior. Companies who are willing to decrease their profit margins to keep their consumers and to reconsider their marketing mix and pricing strategies are proving themselves to be more efficient and winning market shares even in tough economic situation.
Dermatologist-like explainable AI enhances trust and confidence in diagnosing melanoma
Creators: name: Chanda, Tirtha
name: Hauser, Katja
name: Hobelsberger, Sarah
name: Bucher, Tabea-Clara
name: Garcia, Carina Nogueira
name: Wies, Christoph
name: Kittler, Harald
name: Tschandl, Philipp
name: Navarrete-Dechent, Cristian
name: Podlipnik, Sebastian
name: Chousakos, Emmanouil
name: Crnaric, Iva
name: Majstorovic, Jovana
name: Alhajwan, Linda
name: Foreman, Tanya
name: Peternel, Sandra
name: Sarap, Sergei
name: Özdemir, İrem
name: Barnhill, Raymond L.
name: Velasco, Mar Llamas
name: Poch, Gabriela
name: Korsing, Sören
name: Sondermann, Wiebke
name: Gellrich, Frank Friedrich
name: Heppt, Markus V.
name: Erdmann, Michael
name: Haferkamp, Sebastian
name: Drexler, Konstantin
name: Goebeler, Matthias
name: Schilling, Bastian
name: Utikal, Jochen S.
name: Ghoreschi, Kamran
name: Fröhling, Stefan
name: Krieghoff-Henning, Eva
name: Brinker, Titus J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Although artificial intelligence (AI) systems have been shown to improve the accuracy of initial melanoma diagnosis, the lack of transparency in how these systems identify melanoma poses severe obstacles to user acceptance. Explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) methods can help to increase transparency, but most XAI methods are unable to produce precisely located domain-specific explanations, making the explanations difficult to interpret. Moreover, the impact of XAI methods on dermatologists has not yet been evaluated. Extending on two existing classifiers, we developed an XAI system that produces text and region based explanations that are easily interpretable by dermatologists alongside its differential diagnoses of melanomas and nevi. To evaluate this system, we conducted a three-part reader study to assess its impact on clinicians' diagnostic accuracy, confidence, and trust in the XAI-support. We showed that our XAI's explanations were highly aligned with clinicians' explanations and that both the clinicians' trust in the support system and their confidence in their diagnoses were significantly increased when using our XAI compared to using a conventional AI system. The clinicians' diagnostic accuracy was numerically, albeit not significantly, increased. This work demonstrates that clinicians are willing to adopt such an XAI system, motivating their future use in the clinic.
title: Identification of innovation barriers in the water Industry
Creators: name: Walder, Christian
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Innovation barrier
subject: Water industry
subject: Water innovation
subject: Innovation deficit

description: The main goal of this thesis is to identify barriers to innovation in the water industry and to highlight their importance in the innovation process. Water is essential for public health, environmental ecosystems and in general for a nation's social and economic well-being. Water systems are today increasingly facing immense sustainability challenges such as water scarcity, climate change, population growth and urbanization. In order to be able to address these challenges, innovative solutions and radical changes within the water industry are required. By contrast, water management is facing an innovation deficit, as the industry is widely characterized as being less innovative than other economic sectors. Possible reasons for this situation relate to the characteristics of the industry such as its strong exposure to the public sector, expensive and durable installations and major responsibility towards the general public (provision of drinking water, etc.). The identification of innovation barriers is a first step, which is essential in order to deal with these problems and attempt to overcome them. The innovation barriers have been identified during in-depth interviews with five water companies and are clustered along the three dimensions comprised by (i) external stakeholders, (ii) the organizational level and (iii) the individual level. Analysis has shown that especially for SMEs the most important barriers relate to the external stakeholder dimension, such as the access to funds, the customer characteristics, or the regulatory frameworks. In addition, it is essential to consider the fact that along with the technological dimension of innovative water products and services, there are also political, cultural, social and economic aspects that have to be taken into consideration. The future will involve the creation of innovation systems that incorporate different dimensions with the goal of increasing innovation within the water industry. More of the same will neither be economically efficient, nor socially acceptable. This is why innovation is essential to the future of urban water systems and to the water industry as a whole.
Search for supersymmetry in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s} =$ 13 TeV in events with high-momentum Z bosons and missing transverse momentum
Creators: name: CMS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A search for new physics in events with two highly Lorentz-boosted Z bosons and large missing transverse momentum is presented. The analyzed proton-proton collision data, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 137 fb$^{-1}$, were recorded at $\sqrt{s} =$ 13 TeV by the CMS experiment at the CERN LHC. The search utilizes the substructure of jets with large radius to identify quark pairs from Z boson decays. Backgrounds from standard model processes are suppressed by requirements on the jet mass and the missing transverse momentum. No significant excess in the event yield is observed beyond the number of background events expected from the standard model. For a simplified supersymmetric model in which the Z bosons arise from the decay of gluinos, an exclusion limit of 1920 GeV on the gluino mass is set at 95% confidence level. This is the first search for beyond-standard-model production of pairs of boosted Z bosons plus large missing transverse momentum.
description: Replaced with the published version. Added the journal reference and the DOI. All the figures and tables, including additional supplementary figures and tables, can be found at http://cms-results.web.cern.ch/cms-results/public-results/publications/SUS-19-013 (CMS Public Pages)
Additional file 1 of How, why and when are delayed (back-up) antibiotic prescriptions used in primary care? A realist review integrating concepts of uncertainty in healthcare
Creators: name: Mcleod, Monsey
name: Campbell, Anne
name: Hayhoe, Benedict
name: Borek, Aleksandra J.
name: Tonkin-Crine, Sarah
name: Moore, Michael V.
name: Butler, Christopher C.
name: Walker, A. Sarah
name: Holmes, Alison
name: Wong, Geoff
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Supplemental file 1. Primary literature search strategy.
Two-Component Jet Models of Gamma-Ray Burst Sources
Creators: name: Peng, Fang
name: Konigl, Arieh
name: Granot, Jonathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent observational and theoretical studies have raised the possibility that the collimated outflows in gamma-ray burst (GRB) sources have two distinct components: a narrow (opening half-angle $θ_{\rm n}$), highly relativistic (initial Lorentz factor $η_\rmn \gtrsim 10^2$) outflow, from which the $γ$-ray emission originates, and a wider ($θ_{\rm w} \lesssim 3 θ_{\rm n}$), moderately relativistic ($η_{\rm w}\sim 10$) surrounding flow. Using a simple synchrotron emission model, we calculate the R-band afterglow lightcurves expected in this scenario and derive algebraic expressions for the flux ratios of the emission from the two jet components at the main transition times in the lightcurve. We apply this model to GRB sources, for explaining the structure of afterglows and source energetics, as well as to X-ray flash sources, which we interpret as GRB jets viewed at an angle $θ_{\rm obs} > θ_{\rm n}$. Finally, we argue that a neutron-rich hydromagnetic outflow may naturally give rise to repeated brightening episodes in the afterglow lightcurve as observed in GRB 021004 and GRB 030329.
description: 13 pages, 3 figures, scheduled to be published in ApJ, 20 June 2005, Vol 626