cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Jerk, snap, and the cosmological equation of state
Creators: name: Visser, Matt
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Taylor expanding the cosmological equation of state around the current epoch is the simplest model one can consider that does not make any a priori restrictions on the nature of the cosmological fluid. Most popular cosmological models attempt to be ``predictive'', in the sense that once somea priori equation of state is chosen the Friedmann equations are used to determine the evolution of the FRW scale factor a(t). In contrast, a retrodictive approach might usefully take observational dataconcerning the scale factor, and use the Friedmann equations to infer an observed cosmological equation of state. In particular, the value and derivatives of the scale factor determined at the current epoch place constraints on the value and derivatives of the cosmological equation of state at the current epoch. Determining the first three Taylor coefficients of the equation of state at the current epoch requires a measurement of the deceleration, jerk, and snap -- the second, third, and fourth derivatives of the scale factor with respect to time. Higher-order Taylor coefficients in the equation of state are related to higher-order time derivatives of the scale factor. Since the jerk and snap are rather difficult to measure, being related to the third and fourth terms in the Taylor series expansion of the Hubble law, it becomes clear why direct observational constraints on the cosmological equation of state are so relatively weak; and are likely to remain weak for the foreseeable future.
description: V1: 10 pages; uses iopart.cls setstack.sty V2: six additional references, some clarifying comments and discussion, no physics changes. V3: significant additions based on community feedback; explicit calculations now carried out to fourth order in redshift. V4: Discussion of current observational situation added. This version accepted for publication in Classical and Quantum Gravity. Now 15 pages
Instanton formulation of Fermi's golden rule in the Marcus inverted regime
Creators: name: Heller, Eric R.
name: Richardson, Jeremy O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fermi's golden rule defines the transition rate between weakly coupled states and can thus be used to describe a multitude of molecular processes including electron-transfer reactions and light-matter interaction. However, it can only be calculated if the wave functions of all internal states are known, which is typically not the case in molecular systems. Marcus theory provides a closed-form expression for the rate constant, which is a classical limit of the golden rule, and indicates the existence of a normal regime and an inverted regime. Semiclassical instanton theory presents a more accurate approximation to the golden-rule rate including nuclear quantum effects such as tunnelling, which has so far been applicable to complex anharmonic systems in the normal regime only. In this paper we extend the instanton method to the inverted regime and study the properties of the periodic orbit, which describes the tunnelling mechanism via two imaginary-time trajectories, one of which now travels in negative imaginary time. It is known that tunnelling is particularly prevalent in the inverted regime, even at room temperature, and thus this method is expected to be useful in studying a wide range of molecular transitions occurring in this regime.
First principle computation of stripes in cuprates
Creators: name: Anisimov, V. I.
name: Korotin, M. A.
name: Mylnikova, A. S.
name: Kozhevnikov, A. V.
name: Lorenzana, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a first principle computation of vertical stripes in $La_{15/8}Sr_{1/8}CuO_4$ within the LDA+U method. We find that Cu centered stripes are unstable toward O centered stripes. The metallic core of the stripe is quite wide and shows reduced magnetic moments with suppressed antiferromagnetic (AF) interactions. The system can be pictured as alternating metallic and AF two-leg ladders the latter with strong AF interaction and a large spin gap. The Fermi surface shows warping due to interstripe hybridization. The periodicity and amplitude of the warping is in good agreement with angle resolved photoemission experiment. We discuss the connection with low-energy theories of the cuprates.
description: 5 pages,4 figures
Mucocutaneous leishmaniasis: case report and literature review of a rare endonasal infection
Creators: name: Suqati, Abrar Adnan
name: Pudszuhn, Annett
name: Hofmann, Veit Maria
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cutaneous infection
subject: leishmaniasis
subject: traveler’s diseases
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Leishmaniasis is a protozoal infection transmitted by a sandfly vector. In Germany, leishmaniasis of the mucous membranes is a rare condition and usually due to extension of local skin disease into the mucosal tissue via direct extension, bloodstream or lymphatics. We report a case of endonasal leishmaniasis in a female German resident who presented in a university hospital with nasal obstruction. Histology of the left nasal septum biopsy was suggestive of leishmaniasis. The molecular detection of DNA was positive for leishmania infantum. The patient was successfully treated as a case of mucocutaneous leishmaniasis receiving liposomal amphotericin follow up visits showed significant improvement with no recurrence.
Leptin Downregulates Angulin-1 in Active Crohn’s Disease via STAT3
Creators: name: Hu, Jia-Chen E.
name: Bojarski, Christian
name: Branchi, Federica
name: Fromm, Michael
name: Krug, Susanne Marlen
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: leptin
subject: Crohn’s disease
subject: tight junction
subject: angulin-1
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Crohn's disease (CD) has an altered intestinal barrier function, yet the underlying mechanisms remain to be disclosed. The tricellular tight junction protein tricellulin is involved in the maintenance of the paracellular macromolecule barrier and features an unchanged expression level in CD but a shifted localization. As angulins are known to regulate the localization of tricellulin, we hypothesized the involvement of angulins in CD. Using human biopsies, we found angulin-1 was downregulated in active CD compared with both controls and CD in remission. In T84 and Caco-2 monolayers, leptin, a cytokine secreted by fat tissue and affected in CD, decreased angulin-1 expression. This effect was completely blocked by STAT3 inhibitors, Stattic and WP1066, but only partially by JAK2 inhibitor AG490. The effect of leptin was also seen at a functional level as we observed in Caco-2 cells an increased permeability for FITC-dextran 4 kDa indicating an impaired barrier against macromolecule uptake. In conclusion, we were able to show that in active CD angulin-1 expression is downregulated, which leads to increased macromolecule permeability and is inducible by leptin via STAT3. This suggests that angulin-1 and leptin secretion are potential targets for intervention in CD to restore the impaired intestinal barrier.
Sinusoidal Obstruction Syndrome Following Myeloablative Therapy and Tranexamic Acid Treatment for Hemorrhage in Two Patients with Neuroblastoma
Creators: name: Zirngibl, Felix
name: Flemmig, Carina
name: Lang, Peter
name: Künkele, Annette
name: Eggert, Angelika
name: Schulte, Johannes H.
name: Deubzer, Hedwig Elisabeth
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: pediatric hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
subject: embryonal tumor
subject: transplant-related complication
subject: fibrinolysis inhibitor
subject: thrombotic event
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Adverse thromboembolic events following administration of the anti-fibrinolytic agent tranexamic acid (TA), used to prevent/treat excessive blood loss, are rare. We present the clinical course of two young patients (22 and 56 months) receiving busulfan/melphalan (Bu/Mel) high-dose chemotherapy with autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) to treat high-risk neuroblastoma, who developed hepatic sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (SOS) within 48 h after systemic TA treatment for a hemodynamically relevant hemorrhage. Defibrotide treatment resolved hepatic SOS, but the short time between TA administration and SOS onset suggests a causal association.
High frequency ultrasound assesses transient changes in cartilage under osmotic loading
Creators: name: Zatloukalova, Jana
name: Raum, Kay
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: articular cartilage
subject: high-frequency ultrasound
subject: diffusion model
subject: numerical simulations
subject: osmotic loading
subject: swelling behavior
subject: fixed charge density
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: High-frequency ultrasound is used in this study to measure noninvasively, by means of osmotic loading, changes in speed of sound and cartilage thickness caused by variations of the salt concentration in the external bath. Articular cartilage comprises three main structural components: Water, collagen fibrils and proteoglycan macromolecules carrying negative charges. The negatively charged groups of proteoglycans attract cations and water into tissue and govern its shrinkage/swelling behavior, which is a fundamental mechano-electrochemical function of cartilage tissue. In this study, the mechano-electrochemical behavior of cartilage is modeled by a diffusion model. The proposed model enables simulations of cartilage osmotic loading under various parameter settings and allows to quantify cartilage mechanical properties. This theoretical model is derived from the kinetic theory of diffusion. The objectives of the study are to quantify time dependent changes in cartilage thickness, and in speed of sound within tissue with help of the finite element based simulations and data from experiments. Experimental data are obtained from fresh and trypsinized ovine patella samples. Results show that the proposed diffusion model is capable to describe transient osmotic loading of cartilage. Mean values and their deviations of the relative changes of cartilage characteristics in response to chemical loading are presented.
Simulation-Driven Optimization of High-Order Meshes in ALE Hydrodynamics
Creators: name: Dobrev, Veselin
name: Knupp, Patrick
name: Kolev, Tzanio
name: Mittal, Ketan
name: Rieben, Robert
name: Tomov, Vladimir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper we propose tools for high-order mesh optimization and demonstrate their benefits in the context of multi-material Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian (ALE) compressible shock hydrodynamic applications. The mesh optimization process is driven by information provided by the simulation which uses the optimized mesh, such as shock positions, material regions, known error estimates, etc. These simulation features are usually represented discretely, for instance, as finite element functions on the Lagrangian mesh. The discrete nature of the input is critical for the practical applicability of the algorithms we propose and distinguishes this work from approaches that strictly require analytical information. Our methods are based on node movement through a high-order extension of the Target-Matrix Optimization Paradigm (TMOP) of Knupp. The proposed formulation is fully algebraic and relies only on local Jacobian matrices, so it is applicable to all types of mesh elements, in 2D and 3D, and any order of the mesh. We discuss the notions of constructing adaptive target matrices and obtaining their derivatives, reconstructing discrete data in intermediate meshes, node limiting that enables improvement of global mesh quality while preserving space-dependent local mesh features, and appropriate normalization of the objective function. The adaptivity methods are combined with automatic ALE triggers that can provide robustness of the mesh evolution and avoid excessive remap procedures. The benefits of the new high-order TMOP technology are illustrated on several simulations performed in the high-order ALE application BLAST.
description: 26 pages, 10 figures. Submitted to Computers & Fluids
A Dynamical Systems Description of Privilege, Power and Leadership in Academia: identifying barriers and paths to inclusive communities of excellent scholarship
Creators: name: Johnston, Kathryn V
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As the diversity of people in higher education grows, Universities are struggling to provide inclusive environments that nurture the spirit of free inquiry in the presence of these differences. At the extreme, the value of diversity is under attack as a few, vocal academics use public forums to question the innate intellectual abilities of certain demographic groups. Throughout my career as an astronomer, from graduate student, through professor to department chair, I have witnessed these struggles firsthand. Exclusive cultures result in lost opportunities in the form of unfulfilled potential of all members of the institution - students, administrators and faculty alike. How to move steadily towards inclusion is an unsolved problem that hampers the advancement of knowledge itself. As every scientist knows, problem definition is an essential feature of problem solution. This article draws on insights from dynamical systems descriptions of conflict developed in the social and behavioral sciences to present a model that captures the convoluted, interacting challenges that stifle progress on this problem. This description of complexity explains the persistence of exclusive cultures and the inadequacy of quick or simple fixes. It also motivates the necessity of prolonged and multifaceted approaches to solutions. It is incumbent on our faculties to recognize the complexities in both problem and solutions, and persevere in responding to these intractable dynamics. It is incumbent on our administrations to provide the consistent structure that supports these tasks. It incumbent on all of our constituents - students, administration and faculty - to be cognizant of and responsive to these efforts.
description: Strongly recommend reading the formatted version available at https://rdcu.be/bYvWi
Iron K features in the hard X-ray XMM-Newton spectrum of NGC 4151
Creators: name: Schurch, N. J.
name: Warwick, R. S.
name: Griffiths, R. E.
name: Sembay, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent XMM-Newton observations have measured the hard (2.5-12 keV) X-ray spectrum of the well-known Seyfert galaxy NGC 4151 with a signal-to-noise unprecedented for this source. We find that a spectral model, developed to fit previous Beppo-SAX and ASCA observations of NGC 4151, provides an excellent description of the XMM-Newton EPIC data. The results support the view that it is the level of the continuum that is the main driver of the complex spectral variability exhibited by NGC 4151. We focus on the iron K features in the NGC 4151 spectrum. There is no requirement for a relativistically broadened iron Ka line, in contrast to several earlier studies. The iron Ka line profile is well modelled by a narrow Gaussian, the intensity of which varies by ~25% on timescales of about a year. There is also a strong suggestion that the cold media present in the active nucleus of NGC 4151 have an iron abundance that is at least twice the solar value.
description: 7 Pages, 3 figures, Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Adjunctive Use of Phage Sb-1 in Antibiotics Enhances Inhibitory Biofilm Growth Activity versus Rifampin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Strains
Creators: name: Wang, Lei
name: Tkhilaishvili, Tamta
name: Trampuz, Andrej
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: rifampin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
subject: biofilm infection
subject: antibiotic-phage combination
subject: synergism
subject: suppression therapy
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Effective antimicrobials are crucial for managing Staphylococcus aureus implant-associated bone infections (IABIs), particularly for infections due to rifampin-resistant S. aureus (RRSA). Failure to remove the implant results in persistent infection; thus, prolonged suppressive antibiotic therapy may be a reasonable alternative. However, a high incidence of adverse events can necessitate the discontinuation of therapy. In this scenario, commercial Staphylococcal bacteriophage Sb-1 combined with antibiotics is an option, showing a promising synergistic activity to facilitate the treatment of biofilm infections. Therefore, we evaluated the efficacy of the inhibitory activity of five antibiotics (doxycycline, levofloxacin, clindamycin, linezolid, and rifampin) alone or combined with phage Sb-1 (106 PFU/mL) in a simultaneous and staggered manner, to combat five clinical RRSA strains and the laboratory strain MRSA ATCC 43300 in 72 h by isothermal microcalorimetry. The synergistic effects were observed when phage Sb-1 (106 PFU/mL) combined with antibiotics had at least 2 log-reduction lower concentrations, represented by a fractional biofilm inhibitory concentration (FBIC) of <0.25. Among the antibiotics that we tested, the synergistic effect of all six strains was achieved in phage/doxycycline and phage/linezolid combinations in a staggered manner, whereas a distinctly noticeable improvement in inhibitory activity was observed in the phage/doxycycline combination with a low concentration of doxycycline. Moreover, phage/levofloxacin and phage/clindamycin combinations also showed a synergistic inhibitory effect against five strains and four strains, respectively. Interestingly, the synergistic inhibitory activity was also observed in the doxycycline-resistant and levofloxacin-resistant profile strains. However, no inhibitory activity was observed for all of the combinations in a simultaneous manner, as well as for the phage/rifampin combination in a staggered manner. These results have implications for alternative, combined, and prolonged suppressive antimicrobial treatment approaches.
Capillaria Zeder 1800
Creators: name: Arai, Hisao P.
name: Smith, John W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Nematoda
Adenophorea
Trichocephalida
Capillariidae
Capillaria

description: Key to species of Capillaria
1 Male tail with large ventro-lateral lobes, and large paired caudal papillae; gravid worms with vulvar appendage; parasitic in marine fishes........................................................................................ 2
- Ventro-lateral lobes on male tail indistinct, and large paired caudal papillae; vulvar appendage absent; parasitic in fresh-water fishes.............................................................................................. 3
2 Spicule relatively short, ca 0.2 long. Pacific Ocean............................... Capillaria (Procapillaria) margolisi
- Spicule relatively long, ca 1.0– 1.4 in length. Atlantic Ocean......................... Capillaria (Procapillaria) gracilis
3 Evaginated spicular sheath spiny proximally only; mature eggs with non-protruding polar plugs................................................................................................ Capillaria (Capillaroides) catenata
description: Published as part of Arai, Hisao P. & Smith, John W., 2016, Guide to the Parasites of Fishes of Canada Part V: Nematoda, pp. 1-274 in Zootaxa 4185 (1) on page 23, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4185.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/165530
title: Bildgebende Diagnostik der Epilepsien
Creators: name: Vollmar, Christian
Publisher: name: Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Epilepsie, JME, MRT, PET, SPECT, Epilepsiechirurgie
subject: 600
subject: 610
subject: FOS: Medical and Health Sciences

description: In der bildgebenden Diagnostik der fokalen Epilepsien steht die Anwendung beim einzelnen Patienten im Rahmen der prächirurgischen Evaluation im Vordergrund. Hier ist eine qualitativ gute, gezielt durchgeführte MRT-Untersuchung der wichtigste Baustein, der jedoch in vielen Fällen von einem weiten Spektrum komplementärer bildgebender Methoden ergänzt werden muss, um eine sichere Identifikation der epileptogenen Zone zu ermöglichen. Die multimodale Bildverarbeitung ermöglicht hierbei eine konklusive Beurteilung aller verfügbaren Informationen und erhöht dadurch die diagnostische Sicherheit. Außerdem erlaubt sie eine detaillierte individuelle Planung operativer Eingriffe und hilft intraoperativ, die Ergebnisse der prächirurgischen Evaluation im OP Saal anatomisch exakt umzusetzen. So sind auch in schwierigen Fällen gute Ergebnisse von epilepsiechirurgischen Engriffen möglich. Bei den generalisierten Epilepsien ist die klinische Rolle der Bildgebung deutlich einfacher und dient im Wesentlichen der Diagnosesicherung durch Ausschluss einer strukturellen Läsion. Die Stärke der Bildgebung liegt hier in der wissenschaftlichen Anwendung zur Aufklärung pathophysiologischer Mechanismen. Im Falle der juvenilen myoklonischen Epilepsie konnte die Bildgebung viele Hinweise beisteuern, die das komplexe Zusammenspiel aus genetischer Anlage, gestörten Entwicklung, Hyperkonnektivität und Übererregbarkeit besser verständlich machen.
Additional file 1 of Enhancement of ergothioneine production by discovering and regulating its metabolic pathway in Cordyceps militaris
Creators: name: Chen, Bai-Xiong
name: Xue, Ling-Na
name: Wei, Tao
name: Ye, Zhi-Wei
name: Li, Xue-Hai
name: Guo, Li-Qiong
name: Lin, Jun-Fang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Amino acid sequence and domains prediction of fungi ergothioneine synthetases. Table S2. Primers and detail constructed methods of vector construction in this study. Table S3. DNA sequence of synthesized EgtD. Fig. S1. The HPLC chromatogram of ergothioneine detection of the fermentative medium and cell pellet of BL21-pET-CmEgt1_Egt2. Fig. S2. The verification of qualified recombined C. militaris strains.
Unions, Efficiency and Bargaining when Workers have Heterogeneous Productivity
Creators: name: Hamshere, Patrick
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Unions
Productivity
Bargaining
Labour Economics
Game Theory

description: This thesis proposes and analyzes micro-theoretic models of the strategic interaction between heterogeneous workers and a union, and that between a firm and a union. We assume union membership increases the bargaining power of the workers, but decreases their productivity. The workers and the firm produce a surplus. The union bargains on behalf of all workers, trying to maximize their surplus, which is a share of the total surplus. This thesis focuses on studying equilibria in which the least productive workers join the union, but the most productive workers do not. For each model, we show that such an equilibrium exists, is unique, and is robust to coalitional deviations. We find expressions for the equilibrium union size, union density, the wages of union and non-union workers, the surplus and profit of the firm, and the respective bargaining powers of the workers and the firm. The models' comparative statics are also studied. Equilibrium variables are compared across the models to gain insight into the union's preferences on performance related pay. We also study how differences in the workers' productive levels affect their incentives to join the union. The most striking result that holds across the models is that the firm's surplus and profit can sometimes increase with the inefficiency coefficient of the union. This suggests there can exist situations where firms have a perverse incentive to make union workers less efficient compared to non-union workers. We also find that union membership and salaries decrease with the inefficiency coefficient of the union. This suggests that unionized workers always prefer to be as efficient as their non-unionized colleagues. We find that union wages are generally lowest when they are linked to a worker's output, suggesting that unions may have incentives to oppose performance related pay for their members.
Dendritic Cell and T Cell Crosstalk in Liver Fibrogenesis and Hepatocarcinogenesis: Implications for Prevention and Therapy of Liver Cancer
Creators: name: Lurje, Isabella
name: Hammerich, Linda
name: Tacke, Frank
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: HCC
subject: fibrosis
subject: cirrhosis
subject: dendritic cells
subject: T cells
subject: tumor tolerance
subject: antigen-presenting cells
subject: immunotherapy
subject: checkpoint inhibitors
subject: dendritic cell vaccine
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Liver fibrosis is a chronic, highly prevalent disease that may progress to cirrhosis and substantially increases the risk for development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Fibrotic livers are characterized by an inflammatory microenvironment that is composed of various immunologically active cells, including liver-resident populations (e.g., Kupffer cells, hepatic stellate cells and sinusoidal endothelium) and infiltrating leukocytes (e.g., monocytes, monocyte-derived macrophages, neutrophils and lymphocytes). While inflammatory injury drives both fibrogenesis and carcinogenesis, the tolerogenic microenvironment of the liver conveys immunosuppressive effects that encourage tumor growth. An insufficient crosstalk between dendritic cells (DCs), the professional antigen presenting cells, and T cells, the efficient anti-tumor effector cells, is one of the main mechanisms of HCC tumor tolerance. The meticulous analysis of patient samples and mouse models of fibrosis-HCC provided in-depth insights into molecular mechanisms of immune interactions in liver cancer. The therapeutic modulation of this multifaceted immunological response, e.g., by inhibiting immune checkpoint molecules, in situ vaccination, oncolytic viruses or combinations thereof, is a rapidly evolving field that holds the potential to improve the outcome of patients with HCC. This review aims to highlight the current understanding of DC-T cell interactions in fibrogenesis and hepatocarcinogenesis and to illustrate the potentials and pitfalls of therapeutic clinical translation.
Gnamptogenys strigata
Creators: name: DE ALBUQUERQUE, EMÍLIA ZOPPAS
name: PRADO, LÍVIA PIRES DO
name: ANDRADE-SILVA, JOUDELLYS
name: DE SIQUEIRA, EMELY LAIARA SILVA
name: DA SILVA SAMPAIO, KELLY LIANE
name: ALVES, DIEGO
name: BRANDÃO, CARLOS ROBERTO FERREIRA
name: ANDRADE, PALOMA L.
name: FEITOSA, RODRIGO MACHADO
name: DE AZEVEDO KOCH, ELMO BORGES
name: DELABIE, JACQUES HUBERT CHARLES
name: FERNANDES, ITANNA
name: BACCARO, FABRÍCIO BEGGIATO
name: SOUZA, JORGE LUIZ PEREIRA
name: ALMEIDA, RONY PETERSON SANTOS
name: SILVA, ROGÉRIO R.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Formicidae
Gnamptogenys
Gnamptogenys strigata

description: Gnamptogenys strigata (Norton, 1868). Municipality unavailable [Kempf, 1972c].
 Gnamptogenys sulcata (Smith, 1858). Municipality unavailable [Forel, 1912a; Borgmeier, 1923];Almeirim [DZUP]; Goianésia do Pará [CPDC]; Marabá [Pereira, 2012; Pereira et al., 2016]; Marituba [CPDC; DZUP]; Melgaço [MPEG]; Moju [CPDC]; Novo Repartimento [CPDC]; Paragominas [Solar et al., 2016b].
 Gnamptogenys tortuolosa (Smith, 1858). Municipality unavailable [Emery, 1896c; Emery, 1911; Borgmeier, 1923; Kempf, 1972c; Lattke, 1990; Camacho et al., 2020]; Almeirim [DZUP]; Belém [MZSP; Kempf, 1970]; Itaituba [MPEG]; Melgaço [INPA; MPEG; Souza et al., 2007]; Óbidos [MZSP]; Paragominas [ANTWEB; INPA; Solar et al., 2016b]; Parauapebas [MPEG]; Portel [Harada, 2016]; Santarém [INPA].
 Gnamptogenys triangularis (Mayr, 1887). Municipality unavailable [Camacho et al., 2020]; Belém [Kempf, 1972c]; Melgaço [Souza et al., 2007]; Paragominas [INPA]; Portel [Harada, 2016].
description: Published as part of DE ALBUQUERQUE, EMÍLIA ZOPPAS, PRADO, LÍVIA PIRES DO, ANDRADE-SILVA, JOUDELLYS, DE SIQUEIRA, EMELY LAIARA SILVA, DA SILVA SAMPAIO, KELLY LIANE, ALVES, DIEGO, BRANDÃO, CARLOS ROBERTO FERREIRA, ANDRADE, PALOMA L., FEITOSA, RODRIGO MACHADO, DE AZEVEDO KOCH, ELMO BORGES, DELABIE, JACQUES HUBERT CHARLES, FERNANDES, ITANNA, BACCARO, FABRÍCIO BEGGIATO, SOUZA, JORGE LUIZ PEREIRA, ALMEIDA, RONY PETERSON SANTOS & SILVA, ROGÉRIO R., 2021, Ants of the State of Pará, Brazil: a historical and comprehensive dataset of a key biodiversity hotspot in the Amazon Basin, pp. 1-83 in Zootaxa 5001 (1) on page 30, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5001.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5122523
title: Häufige und häufig übersehene Erkrankungen in der Pädiatrie - Fetale Alkoholspektrumstörung und Migräne
title: Epidemiologie, Früherkennung und Versorgung
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Landgraf, Mirjam
Publisher: name: Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Fetale Alkoholspektrumstörung, FASD, Migräne, Pädiatrie
subject: 600
subject: 610
subject: FOS: Medical and Health Sciences

description: In der Pädiatrie existieren Erkrankungen mit hoher Prävalenz (Thema Epidemiologie), die nicht oder nur unzureichend erkannt werden (Thema Früherkennung). Pädiatrische Patienten mit diesen Erkrankungen bekommen eine falsche, keine oder eine späte Diagnose und erhalten dementsprechend keine adäquate Therapie und Unterstützung (Thema Versorgung). Dadurch verschlechtert sich die Prognose, insbesondere hinsichtlich der Alltagsfunktionen des Kindes und der Lebensqualität der gesamten Familie. Das vorliegende Habilitationsprojekt beschäftigt sich exemplarisch mit zwei dieser häufigen Erkrankungen: (1) der Fetalen Alkoholspektrumstörung als häufigster angeborener Erkrankung mit einer Prävalenz von ca. 1% und (2) der Migräne mit einer Prävalenz von ca. 9% im Jugendalter.
Ultra-Relativistic Nuclei in Crystal Channel: Coulomb Scattering, Coherence and Absorption
Creators: name: Zoller, V. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We incorporate the effect of lattice thermal vibrations into the Glauber theory description of particle- and nucleus-crystal Coulomb interactions at high-energy. The allowance for the lattice thermal vibrations is shown to produce strong absorption effect: the phase shift function of the multiple-diffraction scattering on a chain of $N$ identical atoms acquires large imaginary part and the radius of the absorption region in the impact parameter plane grows logarithmically with $N$. Consequences of this observation for the elastic and quasi-elastic Coulomb scattering are discussed. Practically interesting example of the coherent Coulomb excitation of ultra-relativistic particles and nuclei passing through the crystal is considered in detail.
description: 13 pages, LaTeX
Capillaria (Procapillaria) margolisi Moravec
Creators: name: Arai, Hisao P.
name: Smith, John W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Nematoda
Adenophorea
Trichocephalida
Capillariidae
Capillaria
Capillaria margolisi

description: Capillaria (Procapillaria) margolisi Moravec & McDonald, 1981
Description (after Moravec 2001). With characteristics of the genus.
Males: Body length 13.57, maximum width 0.074. Muscular oesophagus 0.359 long, stichosome 8.94, 58 stichocytes. Nerve ring 0.161 from anterior end (Fig. 18 A). Spicule well sclerotized with rough transverse grooves on middle third, 0.202 long (Fig. 18 B). Cloaca opening subterminal. Tail rounded, 0.009 long, with a 0.023 long lobe on either side probably with submerged papillae (Fig. 18 C). Pair of small sessile papillae just anterior to cloacal opening.
Females: Gravid worms 18.58 – 21.76 long, maximum width 0.093 – 0.112. Muscular oesophagus 0.359 – 0.382 long, stichosome 8.73–9.92, 44 to 51 stichocytes. Nerve ring 0.115–0.129 from anterior end. Vulva near level of oesophago-intestinal junction (Fig. 18 D). Uterus with many eggs in one row near vulva, two or more rows distally. Mature eggs 0.062–0.069 x 0.025–0.028 (Fig. 18 E). Ovary reaching posteriad to about mid-region of rectum. Rectum 0.081–0.110 long. Anus subterminal, tail 0.012–0.021 long.
Site: pyloric caeca
Hosts: Hippoglossus stenolepis (2, 3, 4); Scorpaenichthys marmoratus (1)
Distribution: Pacific
Records: 1. Moravec & McDonald 1981; 2. Blaycock 1996; 3. Blaycock et al. 1998a; 4. Blaycock et al. 1998b
description: Published as part of Arai, Hisao P. & Smith, John W., 2016, Guide to the Parasites of Fishes of Canada Part V: Nematoda, pp. 1-274 in Zootaxa 4185 (1) on pages 23-25, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4185.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/165530
Does the Iron K$_α$ Line of Active Galactic Nuclei Arise from the Cerenkov Line-like Radiation?
Creators: name: You, J. H.
name: Liu, D. B.
name: Chen, W. P.
name: Chen, L.
name: Zhang, S. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When thermal relativistic electrons with isotropic distribution of velocities move in a gas region, or impinge upon the surface of a cloud that consists of a dense gas or doped dusts, the Cerenkov effect produces peculiar atomic or ionic emission lines -- the Cerenkov line-like radiation. This newly recognized emission mechanism may find wide applications in high-energy astrophysics. In this paper, we tentatively adopt this new line emission mechanism to discuss the origin of iron K$_α$ feature of AGNs. Motivation of this research is to attempt a solution to a problem encountered by the ``disk-fluorescence line'' model, i.e. the lack of temporal response of the observed iron K$_α$ line flux to the changes of the X-ray continuum flux. If the Cerenkov line emission is indeed responsible significantly for the iron K$_α$ feature, the conventional scenario around the central supermassive black holes of AGNs would need to be modified to accommodate more energetic, more violent and much denser environments than previously thought.
description: 22 pages, 4 figures, 1 table. ApJ in press (December)
Расчет воздействия теплового излучения на персонал техногенного объекта при пожаре
Creators: name: Skob, Yurii
name: А.С. Тищенко
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 50204 Environmental Impact Assessment
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Расчет воздействия теплового излучения на персонал техногенного объекта при пожаре
Highly Accurate Critical Exponents from Self-Similar Variational Perturbation Theory
Creators: name: Kleinert, H.
name: Yukalov, V. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extend field theoretic variational perturbation theory by self-similar approximation theory, which greatly accelerates convergence. This is illustrated by re-calculating the critical exponents of O(N)-symmetric $\vp^4$ theory. From only three-loop perturbation expansions in $4- ε$ dimensions we obtain {\em analytic results for the exponents, with practically the same accuracy as those derived recently from ordinary field-theoretic variational perturbational theory to seventh order. In particular, the theory explains the best-measured exponent $\al\approx-0.0127$ of the specific heat peak in superfluid helium, found in a satellite experiment with a temperature resolution of nanoKelvin. In addition, our analytic expressions reproduce also the exactly known large-N behaviour of the exponents $ ν$ and $ γ= ν(2- η) $ with high precision.
description: Author Information under http://www.physik.fu-berlin.de/~kleinert/institution.html . Latest update of paper (including all PS fonts) at http://www.physik.fu-berlin.de/~kleinert/kleiner_re349/preprint.html
Asphericity of Somatostatin Receptor Expression in Neuroendocrine Tumors: An innovative Predictor of Outcome in Everolimus Treatment?
Creators: name: Wetz, Christoph
name: Rogasch, Julian
name: Genseke, Philipp
name: Schatka, Imke
name: Furth, Christian
name: Kreissl, Michael
name: Jann, Henning
name: Venerito, Marino
name: Amthauer, Holger
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: neuroendocrine tumors
subject: asphericity
subject: everolimus
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Background: in patients with gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NET), the mTOR inhibitor everolimus is associated with significant improvement in progression-free survival (PFS). This study evaluated the lesional asphericity (ASP) in pretherapeutic somatostatin receptor (SSR) imaging as the first imaging-based prognostic marker for PFS. Methods: this retrospective bicentric cohort study included 30 patients (f = 13, median age, 66.5 (48-81) years) with pretherapeutic [111In-DTPA0]octreotide scintigraphy (Octreoscan®). ASP of functional volumes of up to three leading lesions per patient (n = 74) was calculated after semiautomatic, background-adapted segmentation. Uni- and multivariable Cox regression regarding PFS for clinical factors and the maximum ASP per patient was obtained. Results: all 30 patients showed metachronous or progressive liver metastases. ASP, primary tumor site, metastases pattern, and prior peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) were significantly associated with PFS in univariable Cox regression. Only ASP > 12.9% (hazard ratio (HR), 3.33; p = 0.024) and prior PRRT (HR, 0.35; p = 0.043) remained significant in multivariable Cox. Median PFS was 6.7 months for ASP > 12.9% (95% confidence interval (CI), 2.1-11.4 months) versus 14.4 (12.5-16.3) months for ASP ≤ 12.9% (log-rank, p = 0.028). Conclusion: pretherapeutic ASP of SSR positive lesions independently predicted PFS for treatment with everolimus in GEP-NET. ASP may supplement risk-benefit assessment before patient inclusion to treatment.
The In Vitro Human Fracture Hematoma Model - A Tool for Preclinical Drug Testing
Creators: name: Pfeiffenberger, Moritz
name: Hoff, Paula
name: Thöne-Reineke, Christa
name: Buttgereit, Frank
name: Lang, Annemarie
name: Gaber, Timo
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: fracture healing
subject: hypoxia
subject: mesenchymal stromal cells
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: The aim of the study was to establish an in vitro fracture hematoma (FH) model, which mimics the in vivo situation of the human fracture gap in order to assess drug efficacy and effectiveness for the treatment of fracture healing disorders. Therefore, human peripheral blood and mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) were coagulated to produce in vitro FH models, incubated in osteogenic medium under normoxia/hypoxia, and analyzed for cell composition, gene expression and cytokine/chemokine secretion. To evaluate the model, we studied the impact of dexamethasone (impairing fracture healing) and deferoxamine (promoting fracture healing). Under hypoxic conditions, MSCs represented the predominant cell population, while the frequencies of leukocytes decreased. Marker gene expression of osteogenesis, angiogenesis, inflammation, migration and hypoxic adaptation increased significantly over time and compared to normoxia while cytokine/chemokine secretion remained unchanged. Finally, dexamethasone favored the frequency of immune cells compared to MSCs, suppressed osteogenic and pro-angiogenic gene expression and enhanced the secretion of inflammatory cytokines. Conversely, deferoxamine favored the frequency of MSCs over that of immune cells and enhanced the expression of the osteogenic marker RUNX2 and markers of the hypoxic adaptation. In summary, we demonstrate that hypoxia is an important factor for in vitro modeling the initial phase of fracture healing, that both fracture-healing disrupting and promoting substances can influence the in vitro model comparable to the in vivo situation. Therefore, we conclude that our model is able to mimic in part the human FH and to reduce the number of animal experiments in early preclinical studies.
Capillaria (Procapillaria) gracilis (Bellingham, 1840) Travassos 1915
Creators: name: Arai, Hisao P.
name: Smith, John W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Nematoda
Adenophorea
Trichocephalida
Capillariidae
Capillaria
Capillaria gracilis

description: Capillaria (Procapillaria) gracilis (Bellingham, 1840) Travassos, 1915
Synonym: Capillaria kabatai Inglis & Coles, 1963 Description (after Moravec 2001). With characteristics of the genus.
Males: Body length 7.14–8.42 long, maximum width 0.041–0.054. Muscular oesophagus 0.180–0.396 long,
stichosome 4.04–6.85, 47 stichocytes. Nerve ring 0.111 from anterior end. Spicule slender, 0.975–1.375 long,
posterior half with rough transverse grooves (Fig. 19 A). Cloaca opening subterminal. Tail rounded, 0.009–0.018
long, with ventro-lateral lobe, 0.018–0.027 long, on either side, each probably with a papilla (Fig. 19 B). Pair of
large sessile adcloacal papillae at lobe bases.
Females: Gravid worms 13.20–35.16 long, maximum width 0.068–0.095. Muscular oesophagus 0.225–0.450
long, stichosome 5.04–8.73, 38–51 stichocytes. Nerve ring 0.081–0.114 from anterior end. Vulva with appendage
0.027–0.123 behind oesophago-intestinal junction (Fig. 19 C); rarely gravid females lack the appendage. Uterus
with many eggs in one row near vulva. Mature eggs 0.072–0.090 x 0.027–0.036.
Site: intestine
Hosts: Anarhichas lupus (2); Hippoglossoides platessoides (2); Hippoglossus hippoglossus (2); Macrourus berglax (3); Merluccius albidus (4); Merluccius bilinearis (1); Myoxocephalus octodecemspinosus (5); Nezumia bairdii (3); Urophycis chuss (4); Urophycis tenuis (4)
Distribution: Atlantic
Records: 1. Gaevskaya & Umnova 1977; 2. Zubchenko 1980; 3. Zubchenko 1981a; 4. Scott 1987; 5. Moravec 1987
description: Published as part of Arai, Hisao P. & Smith, John W., 2016, Guide to the Parasites of Fishes of Canada Part V: Nematoda, pp. 1-274 in Zootaxa 4185 (1) on pages 25-26, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4185.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/165530
Native T1 Mapping Magnetic Resonance Imaging as a Quantitative Biomarker for the Characterization of the Extracellular Matrix in a Rabbit Hepatic Cancer Model
Creators: name: Keller, Sarah
name: Borde, Tabea
name: Brangsch, Julia
name: Adams, Lisa C.
name: Kader, Avan
name: Reimann, Carolin
name: Gebert, Pimrapat
name: Hamm, Bernd
name: Makowski, Marcus
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: magnetic resonance imaging
subject: extracellular matrix
subject: liver cancer
subject: rabbits
subject: VX2
subject: T1 mapping
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: To characterize the tumor extracellular matrix (ECM) using native T1 mapping magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in an experimental hepatic cancer model, a total of 27 female New Zealand white rabbits with hepatic VX2 tumors were examined by MRI at different time points following tumor implantation (day 14, 21, 28). A steady-state precession readout single-shot MOLLI sequence was acquired in a 3 T MRI scanner in prone position using a head-neck coil. The tumors were segmented into a central, marginal, and peritumoral region in anatomical images and color-coded T1 maps. In histopathological sections, stained with H&E and Picrosirius red, the regions corresponded to central tumor necrosis and accumulation of viable cells with fibrosis in the tumor periphery. Another region of interest (ROI) was placed in healthy liver tissue. T1 times were correlated with quantitative data of collagen area staining. A two-way repeated-measures ANOVA was used to compare cohorts and tumor regions. Hepatic tumors were successfully induced in all rabbits. T1 mapping demonstrated significant differences between the different tumor regions (F(1.43,34.26) = 106.93, p < 0.001) without interaction effects between time points and regions (F(2.86,34.26) = 0.74, p = 0.53). In vivo T1 times significantly correlated with ex vivo collagen stains (area %), (center: r = 0.78, p < 0.001; margin: r = 0.84, p < 0.001; peritumoral: r = 0.73, p < 0.001). Post hoc tests using Sidak's correction revealed significant differences in T1 times between all three regions (p < 0.001). Native T1 mapping is feasible and allows the differentiation of tumor regions based on ECM composition in a longitudinal tumor study in an experimental small animal model, making it a potential quantitative biomarker of ECM remodeling and a promising technique for future treatment studies.
Liquid phase separation controlled by pH
Creators: name: Adame-Arana, Omar
name: Weber, Christoph A.
name: Zaburdaev, Vasily
name: Prost, Jacques
name: Jülicher, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a minimal model to study liquid phase separation in a fixed pH ensemble. The model describes a mixture composed of macromolecules that exist in three different charge states and have a tendency to phase separate. We introduce the pH dependence of phase separation by means of a set of reactions describing the protonation and deprotonation of macromolecules, as well as the self-ionisation of water. We use conservation laws to identify the conjugate thermodynamic variables at chemical equilibrium. Using this thermodynamic conjugate variables we perform a Legendre transform which defines the corresponding free energy at fixed pH. We first study the possible phase diagram topologies at the isoelectric point of the macromolecules. We then show how the phase behavior depends on pH by moving away from the isoelectric point. We find that phase diagrams as a function of pH strongly depend on whether oppositely charged macromolecules or neutral macromolecules have a stronger tendency to phase separate. We predict the existence of reentrant behavior as a function of pH. In addition, our model also predicts that the region of phase separation is typically broader at the isoelectric point. This model could account for both, the protein separation observed in yeast cells for pH values close to the isoelectric point of many cytosolic proteins and also for the in vitro experiments of single proteins exhibiting phase separation as a function of pH.