cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Penetrationtesting von Webapplikationen
Creators: name: Böhme, Paul
Publisher: name: Hochschulbibliothek, Hochschule Merseburg
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Penetrationstest
subject: Hacking
subject: DDC::000 Informatik, Informationswissenschaft, allgemeine Werke::000 Informatik, Wissen, Systeme::005 Computerprogrammierung, Programme, Daten

description: Damit kritische Daten und IT-Systeme von äußeren Angriffen geschützt sind, können Penetrationstests durchgeführt werden. Mit deren Hilfe kann gezielt nach Schwachstellen in den eingesetzten Systemen gesucht werden, um auf proaktive Weise zukünftige Angriffe abzuwehren oder deren Wirkung abzuschwächen. Diese Arbeit soll daher als Einführung für die Arbeit in dem Bereich “Penetrationtests” darstellen. Neben der allgemeinen Durchführung sollen auch die rechtlichen Grundlagen aufgezeigt werden, mit der sich die Tester in der Planungsphase auseinandersetzen müssen. Zudem werden die von Hackern häufig verwendeten Angriffe aufgelistet und erklärt. Um einen praktischen Einblick in diese Tests zu erhalten, werden mehrere Szenarios präsentiert, bei denen es sich jedoch nicht um eine Anleitung für “Hacker” handeln soll.
title: An All-time Classic. Weber’s "Protestant Ethic"
Creators: name: Becker, Sascha O.
Publisher: name: Center for Advanced Studies LMU
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 900 History and geography
subject: FOS: History and archaeology

description: Clearly, the quality of a truly path-breaking work – like Weber’s legacy – is that it makes others, and literally thousands of others, think and develop new ideas. Weber asked the right questions. Whether one agrees with his answers or not, he paved the way for many fields of research that became distinct disciplines.
Stakeholder Contributions to Container Port Capacity: A Survey of Port Authorities
Creators: name: Maloni, Michael J.
name: Jackson, Eric C.
name: Maloni, Michael J.
name: Jackson, Eric C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: Industrial Organization

description: Given recent concerns about North American port congestion, this paper examines stakeholder involvement in expanding port capacity to meet significant volume growth. North American container port authorities were surveyed to identify key capacity factors and subsequent participation requirements by stakeholders such as terminal operators, longshore labor, railroads, steamship lines, truckers, and government. The resulting analysis indicates port frustration with participation currently offered by all stakeholders, especially the federal government and railroads. Such results further validate the requirement for a multi-stakeholder approach to port capacity expansion and suggest the need for national freight policy and planning leadership.
Character expansion of Kac-Moody correction factors
Creators: name: Lee, Kyu-Hwan
name: Liu, Dongwen
name: Oliver, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 17B22

description: A correction factor naturally arises in the theory of p-adic Kac--Moody groups. In this paper, we expand the correction factor into a sum of irreducible characters of the underlying Kac--Moody algebra. We derive a formula for the coefficients, which lie in the ring of power series with integral coefficients. In the case that the Weyl group is a universal Coxeter group, we show that the coefficients are actually polynomials.
description: 20 pages, 4 tables
Evidence for Insulating Behavior in the Electric Conduction of (NH$_3$)K$_3$C$_{60}$ Systems
Creators: name: Kitano, H.
name: Matsuo, R.
name: Miwa, K.
name: Maeda, A.
name: Takenobu, T.
name: Iwasa, Y.
name: Mitani, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Microwave study using cavity perturbation technique revealed that the conductivity of antiferromagnet (NH$_3$)K$_{3-x}$Rb$_x$C$_{60}$ at 200K is already 3-4 orders of magnitude smaller than those of superconductors, K$_3$C$_{60}$ and (NH$_3$)$_x$NaRb$_2$C$_{60}$, and that the antiferromagnetic compounds are {\it insulators} below 250K without metal-insulator transitions. The striking difference in the magnitude of the conductivity between these materials strongly suggests that the Mott-Hubbard transition in the ammoniated alkali fullerides is driven by a reduction of lattice symmetry from face-centered-cubic to face-centered-orthorhombic, rather than by the magnetic ordering.
description: accepted for publication in PRL
Supertubes and special holonomy
Creators: name: Grandi, Nicolás E.
name: Lugo, Adrián R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We obtain a $\frac 14$-supersymmetric 6-brane solution of IIA Supergravity by T-dualizing the supertube recently found. The resulting $C_{\it 1}$ electric charge is related to the original $D0$-brane charge. The uplifted solution to eleven dimensions results to be a purely geometrical configuration, which can be interpreted as a bound state of a Taub-NUT space and a pp-wave. Being the non trivial part of the metric pseudo-Riemannian, the resulting reduced holonomy group is non-compact and locally isomorphic to a semidirect product of an Abelian four dimensional group and SU(2).
description: 11 pages, latex, no figures
Global study of effective Higgs portal dark matter models using GAMBIT
Creators: name: Beniwal, Ankit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this proceeding, we present frequentist and Bayesian results from a global fit of effective vector and Majorana fermion Higgs portal dark matter (DM) models using the $\mathsf{GAMBIT}$ software. We systematically explore the parameter space of these models using advanced sampling techniques to simultaneously satisfy the observed DM abundance, Higgs invisible decay, and indirect and direct detection limits. In addition, we take account of a set of nuisance parameters arising from Standard Model, nuclear physics, DM halo and velocity distribution. For the vector DM model viable solutions are found at low and high vector masses. The Majorana fermion model requires a strong preference for a CP-odd, parity-violating coupling which leads to a momentum-suppression of the DM-nucleon cross-section. All of our results, samples and input files are publicly available via $\href{https://www.zenodo.org/communities/gambit-official/}{\textsf{Zenodo}}$.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures. Contribution to the proceeding of EPS-HEP 2019 (10-17 July, Ghent, Belgium). Based on arXiv:1808.10465
Kármán--Howarth Theorem for the Lagrangian averaged Navier-Stokes alpha model
Creators: name: Holm, Darryl D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Kármán--Howarth theorem is derived for the Lagrangian averaged Navier-Stokes alpha (LANS$-α$) model of turbulence. Thus, the LANS$-α$ model's preservation of the fundamental transport structure of the Navier-Stokes equations also includes preservation of the transport relations for the velocity autocorrelation functions. This result implies that the alpha-filtering in the LANS$-α$ model of turbulence does not suppress the intermittency of its solutions at separation distances large compared to alpha.
description: 11 pages, no figures. Includes an important remark by G. L. Eyink in the conclusions
Freeway Speeds and Speed Variations Preceding Crashes, Within and Across Lanes
Creators: name: Kockelman, Kara M.
name: Ma, Jianming
name: Kockelman, Kara M.
name: Ma, Jianming
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: Industrial Organization

description: Relationships between speed choice and crash occurrence have been difficult to identify. This work examines vehicle speeds (and their variations) derived from single loop detectors for several Southern California freeways, within and across freeway lanes, together with corresponding crash data. While a variety of factors clearly influence speed and speed variance, there is no evidence in these crash data sets, and observations of their corresponding series of 30-second traffic conditions, that speeds or their variation trigger crashes.
Analytical solution of linearized equations of the Morris-Lecar neuron model at large constant stimulation
Creators: name: Paraskevov, A. V.
name: Zemskova, T. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 92C05, 92C20, 37M05

description: The classical biophysical Morris-Lecar model of neuronal excitability predicts that upon stimulation of the neuron with a sufficiently large constant depolarizing current there exists a finite interval of the current values where periodic spike generation occurs. Above the upper boundary of this interval, there is four-stage damping of the spike amplitude: 1) minor primary damping, which reflects a typical transient to stationary dynamic state, 2) plateau of nearly undamped periodic oscillations, 3) strong damping, and 4) reaching a constant asymptotic value of the neuron potential. We have shown that in the vicinity of the asymptote the Morris-Lecar equations can be reduced to the standard equation for exponentially damped harmonic oscillations. Importantly, all coefficients of this equation can be explicitly expressed through parameters of the original Morris-Lecar model, enabling direct comparison of the numerical and analytical solutions for the neuron potential dynamics at later stages of the spike amplitude damping.
description: 12 pages, 5 Figures (including 2 supplementary ones). Supplementary Material contains two supplementary Figures, MATLAB scripts, and generated data used for Figures
Discovery of Ghost Cavities in Abell 2597's X-ray Atmosphere
Creators: name: McNamara, B. R.
name: Wise, M. W.
name: Nulsen, P. E. J.
name: David, L. P.
name: Carilli, C. L.
name: Sarazin, C. L.
name: O'Dea, C. P.
name: Houck, J.
name: Donahue, M.
name: Baum, S.
name: Voit, M.
name: O'Connell, R. W.
name: Koekemoer, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A Chandra image of the central 100 kpc of the Abell 2597 cluster of galaxies shows bright, irregular, X-ray emission within the central dominant cluster galaxy (CDG), and two low surface brightness cavities located 30 kpc from the CDG's nucleus. Unlike the cavities commonly seen in other clusters, Abell 2597's ``ghost'' cavities are not coincident with the bright central radio source. Instead, they appear to be associated with faint, extended radio emission seen in a deep VLA radio map. We interpret the ghost cavities as buoyantly-rising relics of a radio outburst that occurred between 50--100 Myr ago. The demography of cavities in the few clusters studied thus far shows that galactic radio sources experience recurrent outbursts on a $\sim 100$ Myr timescale. Over the lifetime of a cluster, ghost cavities emerging from CDGs deposit $\gae 10^{59-61}$ erg of energy into the intracluster medium. If a significant fraction of this energy is deposited as magnetic field, it would account for the high field strengths in the cooling flow regions of clusters. The similarity between the central cooling time of the keV gas and the radio cycling timescale suggests that feedback between cooling gas and the radio source may be retarding or quenching the cooling flow.
description: includes two color and two black and white figures. Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
Estimation of Satisfied Customers in Public Transport Systems: A New Methodological Approach
Creators: name: Morfoulaki, Maria
name: Tyrinopoulos, Yannis
name: Aifadopoulou, Georgia
name: Morfoulaki, Maria
name: Tyrinopoulos, Yannis
name: Aifadopoulou, Georgia
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: Public Economics

description: This paper addresses quality considerations in public transportation systems and, in particular, the relation between quality of public transport service and customer satisfaction. Its aim is to provide insights into the factors that affect transit-rider satisfaction and to present a model to calculate the probability of customer satisfaction. The proposed model identifies the most important attributes of public transport service quality that can be used for service planning.
Exploring Technology Acceptance of Head-Mounted Device-based Augmented Reality Surgical Navigation in Orthopaedic Surgery
Creators: name: Verhellen, Anouk
name: Elprama, Shirley
name: Jacobs, An
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Augmented Reality
subject: orthopaedic surgery
subject: hololens
subject: Surgical Navigation Systems
subject: Technology acceptance
subject: Unified Theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT)

description: This file contains the final version of the survey that was used to measure technology acceptance of head-mounted device-based Augmented Reality among orthopaedic surgery and the syntax used to analyse the collected data. The results of this research were published in: Verhellen, A., Elprama, S. A., Scheerlinck, T., Van Aerschot, F., Duerinck, J., Van Gestel, F., ... & Jacobs, A. (2024). Exploring technology acceptance of head‐mounted device‐based augmented reality surgical navigation in orthopaedic surgery. The International Journal of Medical Robotics and Computer Assisted Surgery, 20(1), e2585.
The relativistic Iron K-alpha line from an accretion disc onto a static non-baryonic compact object
Creators: name: Lu, Youjun
name: Torres, Diego F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper continues the study of the properties of an accretion disc rotating around a non-baryonic (assumed super-massive) compact object. This kind of objects, generically known as boson stars, were earlier proposed as a possible alternative scenario to the existence of super-masive black holes in the center of every galaxy. A dilute boson star has also been proposed as a large part of the non-baryonic dark matter, flattening galactic rotational velocities curves. In this contribution, we compute the profile of the emission lines of Iron; its shape has been for long known as a useful diagnosis of the space-time geometry. We compare with the case of a Schwarzschild black hole, concluding that the differences are observationally distinguishable.
description: 14 pages, 7 figures
The rotationally invariant approximation for the two-dimensional t-J model
Creators: name: Sherman, A.
name: Schreiber, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the description in terms of the Hubbard operators hole and spin Green's functions of the two-dimensional t-J model are calculated in an approximation which retains the rotation symmetry of the spin susceptibility in the paramagnetic state and has no predefined magnetic ordering. In this approximation, Green's functions are represented by continued fractions which are interrupted with the help of the decoupling corrected by the constraint of zero site magnetization in the paramagnetic state. Results obtained in this approach for an undoped 32x32 lattice (the Heisenberg model) and for one hole in a 4x4 lattice are in good agreement with Monte Carlo and exact diagonalization data, respectively. In the limit of heavy doping the hole spectrum described by the obtained formulas acquires features of the spectrum of weakly correlated excitations.
description: 14 pages, 3 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. B
title: Creeping Always Back: The Grotesque Body in the Work of David Foster Wallace
Creators: name: Norton, Isabella
Publisher: name: University of Kent
Year: 2021

description: This dissertation considers the role of the body in the fiction of contemporary American author David Foster Wallace. I describe the ways in which the body is perceived as unruly, disgusting, and uncomfortable, ultimately calling this embodiment "grotesque." However, the body provides a uniquely tangible and vibrant experience of life, in spite of and because of its grotesquery. I study the ways in which the body interacts with the environment, politics, other bodies, and its own abstracted self. The materiality of the body illustrates these interactions in grotesquely excessive detail, making them legible to scholars and general readership alike. The various deformities, quirks, mutations, and betrayals of the especially non-normate body serves to defamiliarise lived experience itself, making every body strange.
Non conformal gauge theories from D branes
Creators: name: Di Vecchia, Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use fractional and wrapped branes to describe perturbative and nonperturbative properties of the gauge theories living on their worldvolume. (Talk given at the 35th International Symposium Ahrenshoop on the Theory of Elementary Particles, Wernsdorf, August 26-30, 2002.)
description: 7 pages, Latex
Genomic Profiling in Gynecological Carcinomas
Creators: name: Shoaib, Minahil
name: Khaliq, Hafiz Muhammad Haseeb
name: Arshad, Adnan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 310509
subject: Genomics
classificationCode: 310502
subject: Cell and nuclear division
classificationCode: 321103
subject: Cancer genetics
classificationCode: 321108
subject: Molecular targets

description: ABSTRACTGynecological carcinomas, including ovarian, cervical, and endometrial cancers, pose significant challenges in clinical management and research due to their diverse molecular etiology. Ovarian carcinomas, particularly of epithelial origin, often arise from mutations in tumor suppressor genes like TP53 and oncogene overexpression, such as HER-2/neu and MYC. High-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGS-OC), the most prevalent subtype, exhibits TP53 mutations and alterations in homologous recombination DNA repair pathways. Additionally, endometrioid ovarian carcinomas result from dysregulation of the PI3K pathway and mutations in genes like PTEN and ARID1A. Cervical carcinomas predominantly stem from human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, disrupting key tumor suppressor pathways via oncoproteins E6 and E7. HPV-independent cervical carcinomas exhibit mutations in genes like PTEN and ARID1A. Endometrial carcinomas, arising from the endometrium, demonstrate diverse genetic alterations, including mutations in PTEN, PIK3CA, and TP53. Dysregulated signaling pathways such as PI3K/AKT/mTOR play crucial roles in endometrial cancer pathogenesis. Molecular profiling has led to the identification of subtype-specific biomarkers and therapeutic targets, improving personalized treatment approaches. Understanding the intricate molecular landscape of gynecological carcinomas is essential for advancing diagnostic strategies and developing targeted therapies to improve patient outcomes.Keywords: Medical Oncology, Gynecological carcinomas, Ovarian Cancer Management, Endometrial Cancer
Did Passenger Fare Savings Occur After Airline Deregulation?
Creators: name: Richards, David B.
name: Richards, David B.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: Public Economics

description: This paper questions the generally held belief that there are significant passenger fare savings and increased passenger traffic growth due to airline deregulation. Unlike previous studies, passengers and passenger fares are broken into discrete distance intervals and compared to passenger and fare distributions prior to deregulation. Except for the period immediately before the terrorist attack in 2001 and continuing through 2005, there are limited, if any, demonstrable domestic system passenger fare savings. Also in contrast to other papers showing significant passenger fare benefits, virtually all data for this paper is accessible via the Internet.
Inflow boundary conditions determine T-mixer efficiency
Creators: name: Schikarski, Tobias
name: Trzenschiok, Holger
name: Peukert, Wolfgang
name: Avila, Marc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on a comprehensive experimental-computational study of a simple T-shaped mixer for Reynolds numbers up to $4000$. In the experiments, we determine the mixing time by applying the Villermaux--Dushman characterization to a water-water mixture. In the numerical simulations, we resolve down to the smallest (Kolmogorov) flow scales in space and time. Excellent agreement is obtained between the experimentally measured mixing time and numerically computed intensity of segregation, especially in the turbulent regime, which validates both approaches. We confirm that the mixing time is mainly determined by the specific power input, as assumed in most mixing-models. However, we show that by suitably manipulating the inflow conditions, the power input necessary to achieve a given mixing time can be reduced by a factor of six. Our study enables detailed investigations of the influence of hydrodynamics on chemical reactions and precipitation processes, as well as the detailed testing of turbulence and micromixing models.
A Probable Optical Counterpart for the Isolated Neutron Star RX J1308.6+2127
Creators: name: Kaplan, D. K.
name: Kulkarni, S. R.
name: van Kerkwijk, M. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using a very deep observation with HST/STIS, we have searched for an optical counterpart to the nearby radio-quiet isolated neutron star RX J1308.6+2127 (RBS 1223). We have identified a single object in the 90% Chandra error circle that we believe to be the optical counterpart. This object has $m_{50CCD}=28.56\pm0.13$ mag, which translates approximately to an unabsorbed flux of $F_λ=(1.7 \pm 0.3)e-20$ ergs/s/cm^2/A at 5150 A or an X-ray-to-optical flux ratio of $log(f_X/f_opt)=4.9$. This flux is a factor of $\approx 5$ above the extrapolation of the black-body fit to the X-ray spectrum, consistent with the optical spectra of other isolated neutron stars. Without color information we cannot conclude that this source is indeed the counterpart of RX J1308.6+2127. If not, then the counterpart must have $m_{50CCD} > 29.6$ mag, corresponding to a flux that is barely consistent with the extrapolation of the black-body fit to the X-ray spectrum.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures. Uses emulateapj5.sty, onecolfloat5.sty. Accepted by ApJ Letters
This Thing Called Fairness: Disciplinary Confusion Realizing a Value in Technology
Creators: name: Mulligan, Deirdre K.
name: Kroll, Joshua A.
name: Kohli, Nitin
name: Wong, Richmond Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: H.1; I.2; J.7; K.4

description: The explosion in the use of software in important sociotechnical systems has renewed focus on the study of the way technical constructs reflect policies, norms, and human values. This effort requires the engagement of scholars and practitioners from many disciplines. And yet, these disciplines often conceptualize the operative values very differently while referring to them using the same vocabulary. The resulting conflation of ideas confuses discussions about values in technology at disciplinary boundaries. In the service of improving this situation, this paper examines the value of shared vocabularies, analytics, and other tools that facilitate conversations about values in light of these disciplinary specific conceptualizations, the role such tools play in furthering research and practice, outlines different conceptions of "fairness" deployed in discussions about computer systems, and provides an analytic tool for interdisciplinary discussions and collaborations around the concept of fairness. We use a case study of risk assessments in criminal justice applications to both motivate our effort--describing how conflation of different concepts under the banner of "fairness" led to unproductive confusion--and illustrate the value of the fairness analytic by demonstrating how the rigorous analysis it enables can assist in identifying key areas of theoretical, political, and practical misunderstanding or disagreement, and where desired support alignment or collaboration in the absence of consensus.
description: 36 pages
Variable Stars in the Fornax Dwarf Galaxy
Creators: name: Bersier, D.
name: Wood, P. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a search for variable stars in the Fornax dwarf galaxy covering an area of 1/2 a square degree. We have ~30 epochs of VI data. We found and determined periods for more than 500 RR Lyrae, 17 anomalous Cepheids, 6 Population II Cepheids. In addition we have 85 candidate Long Period Variables, the majority of which were previously unknown. We estimated that the average metal abundance of RR Lyrae stars is [Fe/H] ~ -1.6 dex.
description: To appear in AJ, full resolution figures avilable at http://cfa-www.harvard.edu/~dbersier/
Optimizing quantum phase estimation for the simulation of Hamiltonian eigenstates
Creators: name: Cruz, P. M. Q.
name: Catarina, G.
name: Gautier, R.
name: Fernández-Rossier, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit quantum phase estimation algorithms for the purpose of obtaining the energy levels of many-body Hamiltonians and pay particular attention to the statistical analysis of their outputs. We introduce the mean phase direction of the parent distribution associated with eigenstate inputs as a new post-processing tool. By connecting it with the unknown phase, we find that if used as its direct estimator, it exceeds the accuracy of the standard majority rule using one less bit of resolution, making evident that it can also be inverted to provide unbiased estimation. Moreover, we show how to directly use this quantity to accurately find the energy levels when the initialized state is an eigenstate of the simulated propagator during the whole time evolution, which allows for shallower algorithms. We then use IBM Q hardware to carry out the digital quantum simulation of three toy models: a two-level system, a two-spin Ising model and a two-site Hubbard model at half-filling. Methodologies are provided to implement Trotterization and reduce the variability of results in noisy intermediate scale quantum computers.
description: 16 pages, 15 figures
Financing Port Dredging Costs: Taxes versus User Fees
Creators: name: Talley, Wayne K.
name: Talley, Wayne K.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: How should port dredging be financed, by a tax or user fee? The U.S. tax and proposed Clinton Administration national user fee programs for financing port dredging costs are reviewed. Rather than the former, a port-specific user dredging fee is proposed that satisfies the criteria: 1) the revenue from the fees should cover the dredging costs – no more, no less, 2) all vessels of the same type and size that use a given dredged waterway should pay the same fee and 3) the fee for a given type and size of vessel should not exceed its standalone dredging cost, thereby promoting cost efficiency in dredging. Further, theoretical support is provided for non-users who benefit from dredged waterways and vessel cargo to be involved in the financing of port dredging costs.
A cosmological model in Weyl-Cartan spacetime: II. Magnitude-redshift relation
Creators: name: Puetzfeld, Dirk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this second part of our series of articles on alternative cosmological models we investigate the observational consequences for the new Weyl-Cartan model proposed earlier. We review the derivation of the magnitude-redshift relation within the standard FLRW model and characterize its dependence on the underlying cosmological model. With this knowledge at hand we derive the magnitude-redshift relation within our new Weyl-Cartan model. We search for the best-fit parameters by using the combined data set of 92 SNe of type Ia as compiled by Wang, which is based on recent supernova data of Perlmutter et al. and Riess et al. Additionally, we compare our best-fit parameters with the results of several other groups which performed similar analysis within the standard cosmological model as well as in non-standard models.
description: 23 pages, 5 figures, IOP preprint style
Quantum Knizhnik-Zamolodchikov equation associated with $U_q(A_2^{(2)})$ for $|q|=1$
Creators: name: Kojima, Takeo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an integral representation to the quantum Knizhnik-Zamolodchikov equation associated with twisted affine symmetry $U_q(A_2^{(2)})$ for massless regime $|q|=1$. Upon specialization, it leads to a conjectural formula for the correlation function of the Izergin-Korepin model in massless regime $|q|=1$. In a limiting case $q \to -1$, our conjectural formula reproduce the correlation function for the Izergin-Korepin model at xritical point $q=-1$.
description: LaTEX2e, 18pages
Berufstätigkeit junger Menschen als Kriminalitätsprävention : Welche Relevanz hat Berufstätigkeit bei der Desistance junger Menschen und wie kann offene Kinder- und Jugendarbeit sie beim Einstieg in die Berufstätigkeit unterstützen um Desistance zu fördern?
Creators: name: Münch, Maximilian
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt, Halle (Saale)
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Desistance junger Menschen
subject: Einstieg in die Berufstätigkeit
subject: offene Kinder- und Jugendarbeit
subject: 360

description: Welche Relevanz hat Berufstätigkeit bei der Desistance junger Menschen und wie kann offene Kinder- und Jugendarbeit sie beim Einstieg in die Berufstätigkeit unterstützen, um Desistance zu fördern? Um die Frage zu beantworten, wurde ein einstündiges Leitfadeninterview mit einem jungen Menschen durchgeführt, der in der Vergangenheit mehrfach Straftaten begangen hat und mittlerweile straffrei lebt.
Combination of improved multibondic method and the Wang-Landau method
Creators: name: Yamaguchi, Chiaki
name: Kawashima, Naoki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a method for Monte Carlo simulation of statistical physical models with discretized energy. The method is based on several ideas including the cluster algorithm, the multicanonical Monte Carlo method and its acceleration proposed recently by Wang and Landau. As in the multibondic ensemble method proposed by Janke and Kappler, the present algorithm performs a random walk in the space of the bond population to yield the state density as a function of the bond number. A test on the Ising model shows that the number of Monte Carlo sweeps required of the present method for obtaining the density of state with a given accuracy is proportional to the system size, whereas it is proportional to the system size squared for other conventional methods. In addition, the new method shows a better performance than the original Wang-Landau method in measurement of physical quantities.
description: 12 pages, 3 figures
title: The World is Lately Growne: Representing a Global World in Early Modern English Broadside Ballads
Creators: name: Frost, Duncan
Publisher: name: University of Kent
Year: 2021

description: The early modern period witnessed large scale global expansion and interconnectivity. This thesis demonstrates that broadside ballads provide an insight into how their consumers imagined the outside world during a highly dynamic period. Through their liminal form (amalgams of tunes, texts, woodcut images and public performances), ballads created emotional communal moments which embedded their representations of the outside world in the minds of the audience. This study focuses on ballads describing non-European people and places. These constitute a minority of the total ballad corpus and have often been overlooked, or not placed into a wider, global context. By analysing representations of sailors, the dangers of the sea, the Americas, and the Islamic World, I demonstrate how the early modern global world was imagined. Ballads comment upon the outside world, emphasise the human cost of enriching the nation and were significant in the colonial enterprises of early modern joint-stock companies. They frame foreign cultures in varying and contradicting ways depending on prevailing political interests. The significance of this study is that it emphasises the ways in which the global world informed ballads and is reflected in them. By analysing ballad narratives within their cultural and production contexts, highlighting the web of connections that joins them to other literary forms, and incorporating the contemporary knowledge held by the audience, we can analyse how different works and events would have been received
Acronicta cinerea
Creators: name: Han, H. L.
name: Kononenko, V. S.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Noctuidae
Acronicta
Acronicta cinerea

description: Acronicta cinerea (Hufnagel, 1766)
(Figs. 31, 32)
 Phalaena cinerea Hufnagel, 1766, Berlinisches Magazin 3: 416 (Type-locality: Germany, Berlin)
 Synonymy: abscondida Treitschke, 1835; myricae Guenée, 1814; korlana Draudt, 1931, syn. n.; artobowskii Wojitusiak & Nesilovski, 1946; cinerascens Kozhanchikov, 1950, syn. n.
 Acronicta cinerascens Kozhanchikov, 1950, Fauna SSSR 12: 533 (Holotype: North China, Beitsegou [ZISP, St.Peterburg]), syn. n
 Notes. During the present study, through the courtesy of A. Matov (ZISP), we examined the holotype and the genitalic preparation of Acronicta cinerascens preserved in the collection of ZISP (Figs. 31, 32). The species was described by Kozhanchikov (1950) on the basis of a single specimen from North China. The holotype is supplemented by labels: “North China Beitsegou Putjata 4-viii-[18]91” (in Russian), “ Acronicta cinerascens sp. n. Kozh” and a golden circular label, denoting the holotype. The specimen was not dissected by Kozhanchikov during description. The genitalic preparation was made by A. Matov by our request. After examination of the photographs of the holotype and genitalic slide we concluded that Acronicta cinerascens was conspecific with A. cinerea. Acronicta cinerea is reported for China for the first time, while its sister species A. euphorbiae was reported for China by Draudt (1931) who described subspecies A. euphorbiae korlana (Draudt, 1931) from northwest China (Xinjiang). This record, however, apparently belongs to A. cinerea. According to Fibiger et al (2009) A. euphorbiae has an Atlantic-Mediterranean distribution, while A. cinerea is Euro-Asiatic. Our studyies (Kononenko 2005, 2010) indicate that only A. cinerea occurs in the Asian part of Russia, near China. Consequently, A. korlana should be treated as a synonym of cinerea, not euphorbiae.
description: Published as part of Han, H. L. & Kononenko, V. S., 2010, New species of the genera Acronicta Ochsenheimer, 1816 and Craniophora Snellen, 1867 from China with notes on synonymy and checklist (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae: Acronictinae), pp. 48-68 in Zootaxa 2678 (1) on page 56, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2678.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/5302352
Efficient Computation of Positional Population Counts Using SIMD Instructions
Creators: name: Klarqvist, Marcus D. R.
name: Muła, Wojciech
name: Lemire, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In several fields such as statistics, machine learning, and bioinformatics, categorical variables are frequently represented as one-hot encoded vectors. For example, given 8 distinct values, we map each value to a byte where only a single bit has been set. We are motivated to quickly compute statistics over such encodings. Given a stream of k-bit words, we seek to compute k distinct sums corresponding to bit values at indexes 0, 1, 2, ..., k-1. If the k-bit words are one-hot encoded then the sums correspond to a frequency histogram. This multiple-sum problem is a generalization of the population-count problem where we seek the sum of all bit values. Accordingly, we refer to the multiple-sum problem as a positional population-count. Using SIMD (Single Instruction, Multiple Data) instructions from recent Intel processors, we describe algorithms for computing the 16-bit position population count using less than half of a CPU cycle per 16-bit word. Our best approach uses up to 400 times fewer instructions and is up to 50 times faster than baseline code using only regular (non-SIMD) instructions, for sufficiently large inputs.
The Quiescent Counterpart of the Soft Gamma-ray Repeater SGR 0526-66
Creators: name: Kulkarni, S. R.
name: Kaplan, D. L.
name: Marshall, H. L.
name: Frail, D. A.
name: Murakami, T.
name: Yonetoku, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is now commonly believed that Soft gamma-ray repeaters (SGRs) and Anomalous X-ray pulsars (AXPs) are magnetars -- neutron stars powered by their magnetic fields. However, what differentiates these two seemingly dissimilar objects is, at present, unknown. We present Chandra observations of RX J052600.3-660433, the quiescent X-ray counterpart of SGR 0526-66. Restricting to a period range around 8-s, the period noted in the afterglow of the burst of 5 March 1979, we find evidence for a similar periodicity in two epochs of data, obtained 20 months apart, implying a period derivative of $6.6(5)e-11$ s/s which is similar to the period derivatives of the magnetars. The spectrum is best fitted by a combination of a black body and a power law. However, the photon index of the power law component, $Γ\sim 3$ -- intermediate to those of AXPs and SGRs. This continuum of $Γ$ leads us to suggest that the underlying physical parameter which differentiates SGRs from AXPs is manifested in the power law component. Two decades ago, SGR 0526-66 was a classical SGR whereas now it behaves like an AXP. Thus it is possible that the same object cycles between SGR and AXP state. We speculate that the main difference between AXPs and SGRs is the geometry of the $B$-fields and this geometry is time dependent. [Abstract truncated]
description: 7 pages, 3 figures. Uses emulateapj5.sty, onecolfloat5.sty. Accepted by ApJ
title: Medical Involvement in Enhanced Interrogation Techniques in American Detention Centres During the War on Terror: How Can Doctors Be Effectively Held to Account?
Creators: name: Ochab, Ewelina U.
Publisher: name: University of Kent
Year: 2021

description: 9/11 has had a profound effect on the way the US Administration has approached the issue of terrorism. The War of Terror has led to the introduction of the controversial enhanced interrogation techniques (EITs) that have raised the question of legality. The US Administration needed to change the perception of EITs from what could be classified as torture or other criminal and unlawful acts, to interrogation methods that were 'safe, legal and effective.' In order to do so, the US Administration engaged medical professionals who then became involved with every aspect of EITs, from designing to implementing them. However, medical professionals, who are subject to different laws and medical professional norms, may have different duties than other actors, and as such, face disciplinary, civil and criminal consequences for their involvement. Because of this risk, and to encourage their assistance, the US Administration has argued that medical professionals in American detention centres are not in a fiduciary relationship with detainees (as patients) and where they are, their duties towards the state would override their medical duties. This thesis engages with these specific claims regarding doctors, arguing that the US Administration is legally wrong on both counts and that there is much greater scope than is generally recognised for holding medical professionals accountable in the US courts in both criminal and civil law, and disciplinary proceedings. Further, this thesis argues that establishing the existence of a fiduciary relationship between medical professionals and detainees can play a key role in improving prospects of success in many of these legal avenues, as well as opening up the possibility for such claims in tort as a claim for breach of the fiduciary relationship.
Quantum Mechanical Probability Interpretation In The Mini-superspace Model Of Higher Order Gravity Theory
Creators: name: Sanyal, Abhik Kumar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has been shown that inclusion of higher order curvature invariant terms in the Robertson-Walker minisuperspace model of the Einstein-Hilbert action leads to Schrodinger like equation, whose corresponding effective action is hermitian. Thus, it is possible to write the continuity equation in a straight forward manner, which reveals a quantum mechanical probability interpretation of the theory.
description: 11 pages, Latex
Additional file 10: of Correction to: Dual transcriptome of the immediate neutrophil and Candida albicans interplay
Creators: name: Niemiec, Maria
name: Grumaz, Christian
name: Ermert, David
name: Desel, Christiane
name: Shankar, Madhu
name: JosĂŠ Lopes
name: Mills, Ian
name: Stevens, Philip
name: Sohn, Kai
name: Urban, Constantin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Table ST5 Differential regulation of arginine metabolism genes in C. albicans. DEGs involved in arginine metabolism of yeast and hypha C. albicans infecting neutrophils and NETs are displayed. The transcript level is indicated by fold change (log2). (PDF 22 kb)
title: Education as Liberation? A Critical Analysis of the Relationship between Higher Education and Welfare Chauvinism across Europe
Creators: name: Eick, Gianna Maria
Publisher: name: University of Kent
Year: 2021

description: In recent years, there have been growing concerns about public divisions regarding the exclusion of immigrants from welfare provisions, a perspective referred to in this thesis as welfare chauvinism. In academic and public narratives, welfare chauvinism is generally assumed to originate from the lower-educated individuals in society. In contrast, higher-educated individuals are assumed to hold more inclusive attitudes towards immigrants. This assumption is based on the education-as-liberation argument, which frames higher-educated individuals as economically and culturally less threatened by immigrants. This thesis aimed to pioneer research into critically examining the relationship between higher education and welfare chauvinism across countries, time and welfare programmes in Europe. This was done by analysing primary and secondary cross-national survey data that was gathered between 2008 and 2019 from 23 countries across Europe. Contrary to current thinking, the results of this thesis demonstrated that welfare chauvinism is prevalent amongst both higher and lower-educated individuals across Europe. The results demonstrated that the cross-national and cross-programme variances were more relevant than the gaps between the higher and lower educated. It was further found that (changes in) the attitudes of the higher educated were the reason for seeing (a rise in) welfare chauvinism in certain countries. Furthermore, this research shows that the gap between the higher and the lower educated appears smaller when examining benefits compared to services. Overall, it was found that the higher educated were not immune to holding the perspective of welfare chauvinism. The results can be explained by higher-educated individuals tending to feel more economic anxiety and needing to adapt more to societal norms than their lower-educated counterparts. In particular, as economic affluence becomes less prevalent and authoritarian norms become more prevalent in European societies, the probability of the higher educated holding preferences for welfare chauvinism becomes relatively high. These results pose a puzzle for academic and public narratives that frame higher education as a tool for liberalisation. Particularly, this thesis unveils hidden nuances in the relationship between higher education and welfare chauvinism across different national economic and cultural contexts, demonstrating that not only less privileged groups in European societies are affected by economic crises and authoritarian tendencies of certain governments. Instead of relying on higher education to be a solution to the current societal divides in Europe, as framed by the education-as-liberation argument, social cohesion seems to be primarily the responsibility of national governments, which have the power to shape public attitudes towards immigrants in welfare states across Europe.