cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Quantic Superpositions and the Geometry of Complex Hilbert Spaces
Creators: name: Lehmann, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The concept of a superposition is a revolutionary novelty introduced by Quantum Mechanics. If a system may be in any one of two pure states x and y, we must consider that it may also be in any one of many superpositions of x and y. An in-depth analysis of superpositions is proposed, in which states are represented by one-dimensional subspaces, not by unit vectors as in Dirac's notation. Superpositions must be considered when one cannot distinguish between possible paths, i.e., histories, leading to the current state of the system. In such a case the resulting state is some compound of the states that result from each of the possible paths. States can be compounded, i.e., superposed in such a way only if they are not orthogonal. Since different classical states are orthogonal, the claim implies no non-trivial superpositions can be observed in classical systems. The parameter that defines such compounds is a proportion defining the mix of the different states entering the compound. Two quantities, p and theta, both geometrical in nature, relate one-dimensional subspaces in complex Hilbert spaces: the first one is a measure of proximity relating two rays, the second one is an angle relating three rays. The properties of the operation of superposition are very different from those that govern linear combination of vectors.
description: 29 pages. This 2nd version differs from the first in that superposition of states x and y is now defined as a one-parameter operation: r x + (1-r) y whereas version 1 defined it as a two-parameters operation: r x + (1-r) e^{i \phi} y
One dimensional prominence threads: I. Equilibrium models
Creators: name: Terradas, J.
name: Luna, M.
name: Soler, R.
name: Oliver, R.
name: Carbonell, M.
name: Ballester, J. L
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Threads are the building blocks of solar prominences and very often show longitudinal oscillatory motions that are strongly attenuated with time. The damping mechanism responsible for the reported oscillations is not fully understood yet. To understand the oscillations and damping of prominence threads it is mandatory to investigate first the nature of the equilibrium solutions that arise under static conditions and under the presence of radiative losses, thermal conduction and background heating. This provides the basis to calculate the eigenmodes of the thread models. The nonlinear ordinary differential equations for hydrostatic and thermal equilibrium under the presence of gravity are solved using standard numerical techniques and simple analytical expressions are derived under certain approximations. The solutions to the equations represent a prominence thread, i.e., a dense and cold plasma region of a certain length that connects with the corona through a prominence corona transition region (PCTR). The solutions can also match with a chromospheric-like layer if a spatially dependent heating function localised around the footpoints is considered. We have obtained static solutions representing prominence threads and have investigated in detail the dependence of these solutions on the different parameters of the model. Among other results, we have shown that multiple condensations along a magnetic field line are possible, and that the effect of partial ionisation in the model can significantly modify the thermal balance in the thread and therefore their length. This last parameter is also shown to be comparable to that reported in the observations when the radiative losses are reduced for typical thread temperatures.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A
Oso pardo – Ursus arctos Linnaeus, 1758
Creators: name: Purroy, Francisco José
name: Salvador Milla, Alfredo
Publisher: name: Salvador Milla, Alfredo
Year: 2017

description: Mamíferos - Orden Carnivora - Familia Ursidae en la Enciclopedia Virtual de Vertebrados Españoles, http://www.vertebradosibericos.org/. Versiones anteriores: 15-12-2008; 20-02-2014
description: A comprehensive review of the natural history of the brown bear Ursus arctos in Spain.
Arrendajo – Garrulus glandarius (Linnaeus, 1758)
Creators: name: Alonso, César Luis
name: Salvador Milla, Alfredo
Publisher: name: Salvador Milla, Alfredo
Year: 2016

description: Aves - Orden Passeriformes - Familia Corvidae en la Enciclopedia Virtual de Vertebrados Españoles, http://www.vertebradosibericos.org/. Versiones anteriores: 3-04-2006; 18-01-2007; 15-02-2008; 24-02-2010
description: A comprehensive review of the natural history of the jay Garrulus glandarius in Spain.
The phase symmetry of classical electrodynamics
Creators: name: Samokhvalov, Serhii
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dynamic $U (1)$ symmetry of classical electrodynamics without charges, similar to the known phase symmetry of quantum mechanics, is analyzed. Using this symmetry, alternative Lagrangians of classical electrodynamics, similar to quantum-mechanical ones, were found, and their symmetry properties were investigated.
description: 18 pages. Translation into English
Additivity of the Renyi entropy of order 2 for positive-partial-transpose-inducing channels
Creators: name: Dierckx, B.
name: Fannes, M.
name: Vandenplas, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We prove that the minimal Renyi entropy of order 2 (RE2) output of a positive-partial-transpose(PPT)-inducing channel joint to an arbitrary other channel is equal to the sum of the minimal RE2 output of the individual channels. PPT-inducing channels are channels with a Choi matrix which is bound entangled or separable. The techniques used can be easily recycled to prove additivity for some non-PPT-inducing channels such as the depolarizing and transpose depolarizing channels, though not all known additive channels. We explicitly make the calculations for generalized Werner-Holevo channels as an example of both the scope and limitations of our techniques.
description: 4 pages
Gorrión común – Passer domesticus (Linnaeus, 1758)
Creators: name: Murgui, Enrique
name: Salvador Milla, Alfredo
Publisher: name: Salvador Milla, Alfredo
Year: 2016

description: Aves - Orden Passeriformes - Familia Passeridae en la Enciclopedia Virtual de Vertebrados Españoles, http://www.vertebradosibericos.org/. Versiones anteriores: 1-08-2011
description: A comprehensive review of the natural history of the House Sparrow Passer domesticus in Spain.
Decomposition and the Gross-Taylor string theory
Creators: name: Pantev, T.
name: Sharpe, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It was recently argued by Nguyen-Tanizaki-Unsal that two-dimensional pure Yang-Mills theory is equivalent to (decomposes into) a disjoint union of (invertible) quantum field theories, known as universes. In this paper we compare this decomposition to the Gross-Taylor expansion of two-dimensional pure SU(N) Yang-Mills theory in the large N limit as the string field theory of a sigma model. Specifically, we study the Gross-Taylor expansion of individual Nguyen-Tanizaki-Unsal universes. These differ from the Gross-Taylor expansion of the full Yang-Mills theory in two ways: a restriction to single instanton degrees, and some additional contributions not present in the expansion of the full Yang-Mills theory. We propose to interpret the restriction to single instanton degree as implying a constraint, namely that the Gross-Taylor string has a global (higher-form) symmetry with Noether current related to the worldsheet instanton number. We compare two-dimensional pure Maxwell theory as a prototype obeying such a constraint, and also discuss in that case an analogue of the Witten effect arising under two-dimensional theta angle rotation. We also propose a geometric interpretation of the additional terms, in the special case of Yang-Mills theories on two-spheres. In addition, also for the case of theories on two-spheres, we propose a reinterpretation of the terms in the Gross-Taylor expansion of the Nguyen-Tanizaki-Unsal universes, replacing sigma models on branched covers by counting disjoint unions of stacky copies of the target Riemann surface, that makes the Nguyen-Tanizaki-Unsal decomposition into invertible field theories more nearly manifest. As the Gross-Taylor string is a sigma model coupled to worldsheet gravity, we also briefly outline the tangentially-related topic of decomposition in two-dimensional theories coupled to gravity.
description: 95 pages, LaTeX; v2: grant info added to acknowledgements
Magnetic Field Effects on the Superconducting and Quantum Critical Properties of Layered Systems with Dirac Electrons
Creators: name: Marino, E. C.
name: Nunes, Lizardo H. C. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effects of an external magnetic field on the superconducting properties of a quasi-two-dimensional system of Dirac electrons at an arbitrary temperature. An explicit expression for the superconducting gap is obtained as a function of temperature, magnetic field and coupling parameter ($λ_{\rm R}$). From this, we extract the $B \times λ_{\rm R}$, $T\times λ_{\rm R}$ and $B \times T$ phase diagrams. The last one shows a linear decay of the critical field for small values thereof, which is similar to the behavior observed experimentally in the copper doped dichalcogenide $Cu_xTiSe_2$ and also in intercalated graphite. The second one, presents a coupling dependent critical temperature $T_c$ that resembles the one observed in high-$T_c$ cuprates in the underdoped region and also in $Cu_xTiSe_2$. The first one, exhibits a quantum phase transition connecting a normal and a superconducting phase, occurring at a critical line that corresponds to a magnetic field dependent critical coupling parameter. This should be observed in planar materials containing Dirac electrons, such as $Cu_xTiSe_2$.
description: To appear in Nuclear Physics B [FS]
Camachuelo común – Pyrrhula pyrrhula (Linnaeus, 1758)
Creators: name: Díaz, Leticia
name: Salvador Milla, Alfredo
Publisher: name: Salvador Milla, Alfredo
Year: 2016

description: Aves - Orden Passeriformes - Familia Emberizidae en la Enciclopedia Virtual de Vertebrados Españoles, http://www.vertebradosibericos.org/. Versiones anteriores: 3-08-2006; 31-03-2010
description: A comprehensive review of the natural history of the Bullfinch Pyrrhula pyrrhula in Spain.
Supplementary Material for Global fits of axion-like particles to XENON1T and astrophysical data
Creators: name: Athron, Peter
name: Balázs, Csaba
name: Beniwal, Ankit
name: Camargo-Molina, J. Eliel
name: Fowlie, Andrew
name: Gonzalo, Tomás E.
name: Hoof, Sebastian
name: Kahlhoefer, Felix
name: Marsh, David J. E.
name: Prim, Markus Tobias
name: Scaffidi, Andre
name: Scott, Pat
name: Su, Wei
name: White, Martin
name: Wu, Lei
name: Zhang, Yang
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: axions
axion-like particles
XENON1T
global fits
GAMBIT
dark matter

description: This record contains the YAML files used in Athron et al., “Global fits of axion-like particles to XENON1T and astrophysical data.” The semantic file names refer to the scenario considered: the solar ALP hypothesis (alp), the DM ALP hypothesis (dm), the tritium hypothesis (3h), the R parameter constraints (r), and/or the White Dwarf cooling hints (wd). The include/ folder contains YAML files with the common settings, while the other folders contain YAML files for reproducing our prior dependence study in Fig. 4. More details can be found in the associated paper. The YAML files can be run with the GAMBIT software as described in e.g. the GAMBIT release paper.
description: Other grants: NSFC Research Fund for International Young Scientists grant 1195041050; Alexander von Humboldt Foundation and the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research; F.N.R.S. through the F.6001.19 convention; Emmy Noether grant KA 4662/1-1, ARC grants DP180102209, FT160100274, and FT190100814; STFC grant ST/P000762/1.
Additional file 1: of Sodium new houttuyfonate suppresses metastasis in NSCLC cells through the Linc00668/miR-147a/slug axis
Creators: name: Jiang, Rilei
name: Hu, Cheng
name: Li, Qian
name: Cheng, Ziyu
name: Gu, Ling
name: Li, Hongxiao
name: Guo, Yuanyuan
name: Li, Qirui
name: Lu, Yueyang
name: Li, Ke
name: Chen, Meijuan
name: Zhang, Xu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biochemistry
Cell Biology
Molecular Biology
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Developmental Biology
Cancer

description: Table S2. The sh-RNA sequences. (PDF 40 kb)
Towards Ordinal Data Science
Creators: name: Stumme, Gerd
name: Dürrschnabel, Dominik
name: Hanika, Tom
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: G.2.3; F.4.1; H.5.0; I.2.4
subject: 03G10, 06A15, 68T27, 68T30

description: Order is one of the main instruments to measure the relationship between objects in (empirical) data. However, compared to methods that use numerical properties of objects, the amount of ordinal methods developed is rather small. One reason for this is the limited availability of computational resources in the last century that would have been required for ordinal computations. Another reason -- particularly important for this line of research -- is that order-based methods are often seen as too mathematically rigorous for applying them to real-world data. In this paper, we will therefore discuss different means for measuring and 'calculating' with ordinal structures -- a specific class of directed graphs -- and show how to infer knowledge from them. Our aim is to establish Ordinal Data Science as a fundamentally new research agenda. Besides cross-fertilization with other cornerstone machine learning and knowledge representation methods, a broad range of disciplines will benefit from this endeavor, including, psychology, sociology, economics, web science, knowledge engineering, scientometrics.
description: 40 pages, 7 figures, Transactions on Graph Data and Knowledge (TGDK)
Additional file 2 of The glycoproteomics of hawk and caiman tears
Creators: name: Raposo, Ana Cláudia
name: Lebrilla, Carlito
name: Portela, Ricardo Wagner
name: Xu, Gege
name: Oriá, Arianne Pontes
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 2.
Survey for Transiting Extrasolar Planets in Stellar Systems IV: Variables in the Field of NGC 1245
Creators: name: Pepper, Joshua
name: Burke, Chris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Survey for Transiting Extrasolar Planets in Stellar Systems (STEPSS) project is a search for planetary transits in open clusters. In this paper, we analyze the STEPSS observations of the open cluster NGC 1245 to determine the variable star content of the cluster. Out of 6787 stars observed with V < 22, of which ~870 are cluster members, we find 14 stars with clear intrinsic variability that are potential cluster members, and 29 clear variables that are not cluster members. None of these variables have been previously identified. We present light curves, finding charts, and stellar/photometric data on these variable objects. Several of the interacting binaries have estimated distances consistent with the cluster distance determined from isochrone fits to the color magnitude diagram. Four stars at the main sequence turnoff of the cluster have light curves consistent with gamma Doradus variability. If these gamma Doradus candidates are confirmed, they represent the oldest and coolest members of this class of variable discovered to date.
description: 20 pages, 15 figures. Submitted to AJ. PDF version with full-resolution figures at http://www.astronomy.ohio-state.edu/~pepper/ms.pdf
Fertility Postponement and Regional Patterns of Dispersion in Age at First Birth: Descriptive Findings and Interpretations
Creators: name: Nathan, Mathías
name: Pardo, Ignacio
Publisher: name: Federal Institute for Population Research
Year: 2019
Subjects: Fertility; Fertility postponement; Dispersion in age at first birth; Age-specific fertility rates

description: Previous studies have documented an increasing heterogeneity in first-birth timing in countries experiencing the postponement transition. Sobotka (2004), for instance, showed a rising dispersion in age at first birth in developed countries, particularly in the United Kingdom and the United States, where the timing polarisation between more and less advantaged women is most evident. However, these studies have included few countries outside Europe and North America, and lack a thorough interpretation of the rising dispersion in first births. Our aim is to compare the evolution of dispersion in age at first birth in countries in Europe, East Asia, North America and South America. Using data from the Human Fertility Database and the Human Fertility Collection, we describe the evolution of the period mean age at first birth and its variance for 21 countries since 1970. In line with previous studies, our results show a widespread pattern of increasing heterogeneity in age at first birth after the onset of the postponement transition, although with marked differences among regions and countries. The greatest heterogeneity can be found in countries where timing of family formation varies greatly among women with different socioeconomic status. Chile and Uruguay, in particular, exhibit the highest heterogeneity even though they are at the beginning of the postponement transition. There is no general explanation of why dispersion increased as the mean age at first birth rose. Further studies in this area should investigate causes and interpretations of this trend, and develop measures for studying heterogeneity in fertility timing.
description: Comparative Population Studies, Vol 44 (2019)
B-type anomaly coefficients for the D3-D5 domain wall
Creators: name: de Leeuw, Marius
name: Kristjansen, Charlotte
name: Linardopoulos, Georgios
name: Volk, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute type-B Weyl anomaly coefficients for the domain wall version of N = 4 SYM that is holographically dual to the D3-D5 probe-brane system with flux. Our starting point is the explicit expression for the improved energy momentum tensor of N = 4 SYM. We determine the two-point function of this operator in the presence of the domain wall and extract the anomaly coefficients from the result. In the same process we determine the two-point function of the displacement operator.
description: 6 pages
Conformally Invariant Brans-Dicke Loop Quantum Cosmology: A Quantum Geometric Model of Linking Theory
Creators: name: Lin, Chun-Yen
name: Liu, Xiangjing
name: Ma, Yongge
name: Zhang, Cong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The loop quantization of the conformal Brans-Dicke cosmology is explored in the spatially flat and Bianchi-I setting. The scalar and conformal constraints governing the canonical model are quantized using the loop techniques. The physical Hilbert space of quantum spacetimes satisfying both quantum constraints is then obtained by incorporating the quantum geometric features. The Schrödinger cosmic evolutions are derived with the relational Heisenberg observables describing the dynamical degrees of freedom with respect to the chosen reference degrees of freedom, with the latter providing the physical coordinates for the spatial hypersurfaces and the conformal scales. We show that the emerging Schrödinger theories contain not only the loop quantum cosmology of GR, but also that of the so-called shape dynamics. The exact dictionary between the two theories is achieved via the underlying physical Hilbert space possessing the additional (loop-corrected) conformal symmetry.
description: 16+1 pages, revised based on the published version
An $L (1/3 + ε)$ Algorithm for the Discrete Logarithm Problem for Low Degree Curves
Creators: name: Enge, Andreas
name: Gaudry, Pierrick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The discrete logarithm problem in Jacobians of curves of high genus $g$ over finite fields $\FF_q$ is known to be computable with subexponential complexity $L_{q^g}(1/2, O(1))$. We present an algorithm for a family of plane curves whose degrees in $X$ and $Y$ are low with respect to the curve genus, and suitably unbalanced. The finite base fields are arbitrary, but their sizes should not grow too fast compared to the genus. For this family, the group structure can be computed in subexponential time of $L_{q^g}(1/3, O(1))$, and a discrete logarithm computation takes subexponential time of $L_{q^g}(1/3+ε, o(1))$ for any positive $ε$. These runtime bounds rely on heuristics similar to the ones used in the number field sieve or the function field sieve algorithms.
On the domain of attraction for the lower tail in Wicksell's corpuscle problem
Creators: name: Koetzer, S.
name: Molchanov, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60D05; 60G70

description: We consider the classical Wicksell corpuscle problem with spherical particles in R^n and investigate the shapes of lower tails of distributions of `sphere radii' in R^n and `sphere radii' in a k-dimensional section plane. We show in which way the domains of attraction are related to each other.
description: 6 pages
title: Kapitel 1: Lese- und Rechtschreibstörungen
Creators: name: Fischer, Jessica
name: Krämer, Charlotte
name: Ugen, Sonja
Publisher: name: Melusina Press
Year: 2021
Subjects: Lese- und Rechtschreibstörung;Schriftspracherwerb;Diagnose;phonologische Bewusstheit;Vorläuferfertigkeiten;Diskrepanzkriterium, Komorbiditäten;mehrsprachiger Schulkontext;
Luxemburg

description: Lernstörungen im multilingualen Kontext - Kapitel 1
Efficient classical simulation of the semi-classical Quantum Fourier Transform
Creators: name: Browne, Daniel E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A number of elegant approaches have been developed for the identification of quantum circuits which can be efficiently simulated on a classical computer. Recently, these methods have been employed to demonstrate the classical simulability of the quantum Fourier transform (QFT). In this note, we show that one can demonstrate a number of simulability results for QFT circuits in a straightforward manner using Griffiths and Niu's semi-classical QFT construction [Phys. Rev. Lett. 76, 3228 (1996)]. We then discuss the consequences of these results in the context of Shor's factorisation algorithm.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures. Comments welcome
Corneja negra – Corvus corone Linnaeus, 1758
Creators: name: Bolopo, Diana
name: Canestrari, Daniela
name: Baglione, Vittorio
name: Salvador Milla, Alfredo
Publisher: name: Salvador Milla, Alfredo
Year: 2015

description: Aves - Orden Passeriformes - Familia Corvidae en la Enciclopedia Virtual de Vertebrados Españoles, http://www.vertebradosibericos.org/. Versiones anteriores: 10-11-2009
description: A comprehensive review of the natural history of the Carrion crow Corvus corone in Spain.
Ultrafast carrier-lattice interactions and interlayer modulations of Bi2Se3 by X-ray free electron laser diffraction
Creators: name: Kim, Sungwon
name: Kim, Youngsam
name: Kim, Jaeseung
name: Choi, Sungwook
name: Yun, Kyuseok
name: Kim, Dongjin
name: Lim, Soo Yeon
name: Kim, Sunam
name: Chun, Sae Hwan
name: Park, Jaeku
name: Eom, Intae
name: Kim, Kyung Sook
name: Koo, Tae-Yeong
name: Ou, Yunbo
name: Katmis, Ferhat
name: Wen, Haidan
name: Dichiara, Anthony
name: Walko, Donald
name: Landahl, Eric C.
name: Cheong, Hyeonsik
name: Sim, Eunji
name: Moodera, Jagadeesh
name: Kim, Hyunjung
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As a 3D topological insulator, bismuth selenide (Bi2Se3) has potential applications for electrically and optically controllable magnetic and optoelectronic devices. How the carriers interact with lattice is important to understand the coupling with its topological phase. It is essential to measure with a time scale smaller than picoseconds for initial interaction. Here we use an X-ray free-electron laser to perform time-resolved diffraction to study ultrafast carrier-induced lattice contractions and interlayer modulations in Bi2Se3 thin films. The lattice contraction depends on the carrier concentration and is followed by an interlayer expansion accompanied by oscillations. Using density functional theory (DFT) and the Lifshitz model, the initial contraction can be explained by van der Waals force modulation of the confined free carrier layers. Band inversion, related to a topological phase transition, is modulated by the expansion of the interlayer distance. These results provide insight into instantaneous topological phases on ultrafast timescales.
Mandatory Production Controls
Creators: name: Economic Research Service
name: Economic Research Service
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1987
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Mandatory restrictions on agricultural production continue to be suggested as an alternative policy for reducing price depressing surplus production, increasing farm income, and cutting farm program costs. A mandatory production control program, as with any farm program, would result in tradeoffs between various sectors of the economy. The concept of mandatory production controls was rejected during the debate over the 1985 Food Security Act. However, high costs of the 1985 Act, continued financial stress for some farmers, and limited expansion of exports have renewed interest in revising the current law to include mandatory restrictions. Such restrictions would benefit certain sectors of the economy but hurt others.
Magnetic Proximity induced efficient charge-to-spin conversion in large area PtSe$_{2}$/Ni$_{80}$Fe$_{20}$ heterostructures
Creators: name: Mudgal, Richa
name: Jakhar, Alka
name: Gupta, Pankhuri
name: Yadav, Ram Singh
name: Biswal, B.
name: Sahu, P.
name: Bangar, Himanshu
name: Kumar, Akash
name: Chowdhury, Niru
name: Satpati, Biswarup
name: Nanda, B. R. K.
name: Satpathy, S.
name: Das, Samaresh
name: Muduli, P. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As a topological Dirac semimetal with controllable spin-orbit coupling and conductivity, PtSe$_2$, a transition-metal dichalcogenide, is a promising material for several applications from optoelectric to sensors. However, its potential for spintronics applications is yet to be explored. In this work, we demonstrate that PtSe$_{2}$/Ni$_{80}$Fe$_{20}$ heterostructure can generate a large damping-like current-induced spin-orbit torques (SOT), despite the absence of spin-splitting in bulk PtSe$_{2}$. The efficiency of charge-to-spin conversion is found to be $(-0.1 \pm 0.02)$~nm$^{-1}$ in PtSe$_{2}$/Ni$_{80}$Fe$_{20}$, which is three times that of the control sample, Ni$_{80}$Fe$_{20}$/Pt. Our band structure calculations show that the SOT due to the PtSe$_2$ arises from an unexpectedly large spin splitting in the interfacial region of PtSe$_2$ introduced by the proximity magnetic field of the Ni$_{80}$Fe$_{20}$ layer. Our results open up the possibilities of using large-area PtSe$_{2}$ for energy-efficient nanoscale devices by utilizing the proximity-induced SOT.
description: 18 pages, 4 figures
Additional file 1 of Automation of literature screening using machine learning in medical evidence synthesis: a diagnostic test accuracy systematic review protocol
Creators: name: Zhang, Yuelun
name: Liang, Siyu
name: Feng, Yunying
name: Wang, Qing
name: Sun, Feng
name: Chen, Shi
name: Yang, Yiying
name: He, Xin
name: Zhu, Huijuan
name: Pan, Hui
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Table 1. Search strategy for PubMed.
Properties of white dwarf in the binary system AR Scorpii and its observed features
Creators: name: Singh, K. K.
name: Meintjes, P. J.
name: Yadav, K. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The binary system AR Scorpii hosts an M-type main sequence cool star orbiting around a magnetic white dwarf in the Milky Way Galaxy. The broadband non-thermal emission over radio, optical and X-ray wavebands observed from AR Scorpii indicates strong modulations on the spin frequency of the white dwarf as well as the spin-orbit beat frequency of the system. Therefore, AR Scorpii is also referred to as a white dwarf pulsar wherein a fast spinning white dwarf star plays very crucial role in the broadband non-thermal emission. Several interpretations for the observed features of AR Scorpii appear in the literature without firm conclusions. In this work, we investigate connection between some of the important physical properties like spin-down power, surface magnetic field, equation of state, temperature and gravity associated with the white dwarf in the binary system AR Scorpii and its observational characteristics. We explore the plausible effects of white dwarf surface magentic field on the absence of substantial accretion in this binary system and also discuss the gravitational wave emission due to magnetic deformation mechanism.
description: 8 Pages, 1 Figure, Accepted for Publication in Modern Physics Letters A (MPLA)
Additional file 1 of Strengthening the national health information system through a capacity-building and mentorship partnership (CBMP) programme: a health system and university partnership initiative in Ethiopia
Creators: name: Tilahun, Binyam
name: Gashu, Kassahun D.
name: Mekonnen, Zeleke A.
name: Endehabtu, Berhanu F.
name: Asressie, Moges
name: Minyihun, Amare
name: Mamuye, Adane
name: Atnafu, Asmamaw
name: Ayele, Wondimu
name: Gutema, Keneni
name: Abera, Admas
name: Abera, Mulumebet
name: Gebretsadik, Teklit
name: Abate, Biruk
name: Mohammed, Mesoud
name: Animut, Netsanet
name: Belay, Hiwot
name: Alemu, Hibret
name: Denboba, Wubishet
name: Gebeyehu, Abebaw
name: Wondirad, Naod
name: Tadesse, Lia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Connected Woreda checklist and point allocations.
Entanglement asymmetry in the ordered phase of many-body systems: the Ising Field Theory
Creators: name: Capizzi, Luca
name: Mazzoni, Michele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Global symmetries of quantum many-body systems can be spontaneously broken. Whenever this mechanism happens, the ground state is degenerate and one encounters an ordered phase. In this study, our objective is to investigate this phenomenon by examining the entanglement asymmetry of a specific region. This quantity, which has recently been introduced in the context of $U(1)$ symmetry breaking, is extended to encompass arbitrary finite groups $G$. We also establish a field theoretic framework in the replica theory using twist operators. We explicitly demonstrate our construction in the ordered phase of the Ising field theory in 1+1 dimensions, where a $\mathbb{Z}_2$ symmetry is spontaneously broken, and we employ a form factor bootstrap approach to characterise a family of composite twist fields. Analytical predictions are provided for the entanglement asymmetry of an interval in the Ising model as the length of the interval becomes large. We also propose a general conjecture relating the entanglement asymmetry and the number of degenerate vacua, expected to be valid for a large class of states, and we prove it explicitly in some cases.
description: Published version. Minor typos have been corrected
Anomalous couplings in associated $VH$ production with Higgs decay to massive $b$ quarks at NNLO in QCD
Creators: name: Bizoń, Wojciech
name: Caola, Fabrizio
name: Melnikov, Kirill
name: Röntsch, Raoul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We combine the NNLO QCD description of Higgs boson production in association with an electroweak vector boson $V = W~{\rm or}~Z$ with a similarly-precise description of Higgs boson decays into a pair of massive $b$ quarks and with the anomalous couplings that modify interactions of the Higgs and electroweak vector bosons. The resulting numerical code provides the most advanced theoretical tool to investigate such anomalous couplings in the associated Higgs boson production process. We study the impact of anomalous couplings on fiducial cross sections and differential distributions and argue that, with increased QCD precision, smaller anomalous couplings become accessible in kinematic regions where the effects of higher-dimensional operators in the Standard Model Effective Field Theory remain small and the EFT expansion is under control.
description: 28 pages, 8 figures
Origin of the colossal positive and negative thermal expansion in Ag$_3$[Co(CN)$_6$]: an {\it ab initio} Density Functional Theory study
Creators: name: Calleja, Mark
name: Goodwin, Andrew L.
name: Dove, Martin T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: DFT calculations have been used to provide insights into the origin of the colossal positive and negative thermal expansion in Ag$_3$[Co(CN)$_6]$. The results confirm that the positive expansion within the trigonal basal plane and the negative expansion in the orthogonal direction are coupled due to the existence of a network defined by nearly-rigid bonds within the chains of Co--C--N--Ag--N--C--Co linkages. The origin of the colossal values of the coefficients of thermal expansion arise from an extremely shallow energy surface that allows a flexing of the structure with small energy cost. The thermal expansion can be achieved with a modest value of the overall Grüneisen parameter. The energy surface is so shallow that we need to incorporate a small empirical dispersive interaction to give ground-state lattice parameters that match experimental values at low temperature. We compare the results with DFT calculations on two isostructural systems: H$_3$[Co(CN)$_6$], which is known to have much smaller values of the coefficients of thermal expansion, and Au$_3$[Co(CN)$_6$], which has not yet been synthesised but which is predicted by our calculations to be another candidate material for showing colossal positive and negative thermal expansion.
description: 7 figures, format for Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter
Rana común – Pelophylax perezi (López Seoane, 1885)
Creators: name: Egea-Serrano, Andrés
name: Salvador Milla, Alfredo
Publisher: name: Salvador Milla, Alfredo
Year: 2014

description: Anfibios - Orden Anura - Familia Ranidae en la Enciclopedia Virtual de Vertebrados Españoles, http://www.vertebradosibericos.org/. Versiones anteriores: 27-02-2006, 9-01-2008; 27-03-2008; 20-07-2009
description: A comprehensive review of the natural history of the Iberian water frog Pelophylax perezi in Spain.
A simple nearest-neighbor two-body Hamiltonian system for which the ground state is a universal resource for quantum computation
Creators: name: Bartlett, Stephen D.
name: Rudolph, Terry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a simple quantum many-body system - a two-dimensional lattice of qubits with a Hamiltonian composed of nearest-neighbor two-body interactions - such that the ground state is a universal resource for quantum computation using single-qubit measurements. This ground state approximates a cluster state that is encoded into a larger number of physical qubits. The Hamiltonian we use is motivated by the projected entangled pair states, which provide a transparent mechanism to produce such approximate encoded cluster states on square or other lattice structures (as well as a variety of other quantum states) as the ground state. We show that the error in this approximation takes the form of independent errors on bonds occurring with a fixed probability. The energy gap of such a system, which in part determines its usefulness for quantum computation, is shown to be independent of the size of the lattice. In addition, we show that the scaling of this energy gap in terms of the coupling constants of the Hamiltonian is directly determined by the lattice geometry. As a result, the approximate encoded cluster state obtained on a hexagonal lattice (a resource that is also universal for quantum computation) can be shown to have a larger energy gap than one on a square lattice with an equivalent Hamiltonian.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure; v2 has a simplified lattice, an extended analysis of errors, and some additional references; v3 published version
Lisa grancanaria – Chalcides sexlineatus Steindachner, 1891
Creators: name: Salvador Milla, Alfredo
name: Brown, Richard P.
Publisher: name: Salvador Milla, Alfredo
Year: 2015

description: Reptiles - Orden Squamata - Familia Scincidae en la Enciclopedia Virtual de Vertebrados Españoles, http://www.vertebradosibericos.org/. Versiones anteriores: 6-06-2007; 4-08-2009
description: A comprehensive review of the natural history of the Gran Canaria skink Chalcides sexlineatus in Spain.
Shear viscosity coefficient of magnetized QCD medium with anomalous magnetic moments near chiral phase transition
Creators: name: Qiu, Yi-Wei
name: Feng, Sheng-Qin
name: Zhu, Xue-Qiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the properties of the shear viscosity coefficient of quark matter near the chiral phase transition at finite temperature and chemical potential, and the kinds of high temperature, high density and strong magnetic field background. The strong magnetic field induces anisotropy, that is, the quantization of Landau energy levels in phase space. If the magnetic field is strong enough, it will interfere with significant QCD phenomena, such as the generation of dynamic quark mass, which may affect the transport properties of quark matter. The inclusion of the anomalous magnetic moments of the quarks at finite density into the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model gives rise to additional spin polarization magnetic effects. It is found that both the ratio $η/s$ of shear viscosity coefficient to entropy and the collision relaxation time $τ$ show similar trend with temperature, both of which reach minima around the critical temperature. The shear viscosity coefficient of the dissipative fluid system can be decomposed into five different components as the strong magnetic field exists. The influences of the order of chiral phase transition and the critical end point on dissipative phenomena in such a magnetized medium are quantitatively investigated. It is found that $η_{1}$, $η_{2}$, $η_{3}$, and $η_{4}$ all increase with temperature. For first-order phase transitions, $η_{1}$, $η_{2}$, $η_{3}$, and $η_{4}$ exhibit discontinuous characteristics.
description: 23 pages, 10 figures
Twin-Field Quantum Key Distribution over 511 km Optical Fiber Linking two Distant Metropolitans
Creators: name: Chen, Jiu-Peng
name: Zhang, Chi
name: Liu, Yang
name: Jiang, Cong
name: Zhang, Wei-Jun
name: Han, Zhi-Yong
name: Ma, Shi-Zhao
name: Hu, Xiao-Long
name: Li, Yu-Huai
name: Liu, Hui
name: Zhou, Fei
name: Jiang, Hai-Feng
name: Chen, Teng-Yun
name: Li, Hao
name: You, Li-Xing
name: Wang, Zhen
name: Wang, Xiang-Bin
name: Zhang, Qiang
name: Pan, Jian-Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The basic principle of quantum mechanics guarantee the unconditional security of quantum key distribution (QKD) at the cost of inability of amplification of quantum state. As a result, despite remarkable progress in worldwide metropolitan QKD networks over the past decades, long haul fiber QKD network without trustful relay has not been achieved yet. Here, through sending-or-not-sending (SNS) protocol, we complete a twin field QKD (TF-QKD) and distribute secure keys without any trusted repeater over a 511 km long haul fiber trunk linking two distant metropolitans. Our secure key rate is around 3 orders of magnitudes greater than what is expected if the previous QKD field test system over the same length were applied. The efficient quantum-state transmission and stable single-photon interference over such a long distance deployed fiber paves the way to large-scale fiber quantum networks.
description: 32 pages, 8 figures
Dynamics on Complex Networks and Applications
Creators: name: Motter, Adilson E.
name: Matias, Manuel A.
name: Kurths, Juergen
name: Ott, Edward
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: At the eight-year anniversary of Watts & Strogatz's work on the collective dynamics of small-world networks and seven years after Barabasi & Albert's discovery of scale-free networks, the area of dynamical processes on complex networks is at the forefront of the current research on nonlinear dynamics and complex systems. This volume brings together a selection of original contributions in complementary topics of statistical physics, nonlinear dynamics and biological sciences, and is expected to provide the reader with a comprehensive up-to-date representation of this rapidly developing area.
description: Preface article of the Physica D Special Issue "Dynamics on Complex Networks and Applications" (4 pages). Full issue available at http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/01672789
ENOBIO - First tests of a dry electrophysiology electrode using carbon nanotubes
Creators: name: Ruffini, Giulio
name: Dunne, Stephen
name: Farres, Esteve
name: Watts, Paul C. P.
name: Mendoza, Ernest
name: Silva, Ravi
name: Grau, Carles
name: Marco-Pallares, Josep
name: Fuentemilla, Lluis
name: Vandecasteele, Bjorn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe the development and first tests of Enobio, a dry electrode sensor concept for biopotential applications. In the proposed electrodes, the tip of the electrode is covered with a forest of multi-walled CNTs that can be coated with Ag/AgCl to provide ionic-electronic transduction. The CNT brush-like structure is to penetrate the outer layers of the skin improving electrical contact as well as increae the contact surface area. In this paper, we report the results of the first tests of this concept -- immersion on saline solution and pig skin signal detection. These indicate performance on a par with state of the art research-oriented wet electrodes.
description: Submitted and accepted at the 28th IEEE EMBS International Conference, New York City, August 31st-September 3rd, 2006. Figures updated with proper filtering and averaging
Organic Agriculture and Organic Food Consumption in Kosovo
Creators: name: Hoxha, Leonora Sopaj
name: Musliu, Anera
name: Hoxha, Leonora Sopaj
name: Musliu, Anera
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Financial Economics
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Health Economics and Policy
subject: Organic products
subject: willingness
subject: consumption
subject: incomes
subject: food
subject: Kosovo.

description: Organic agriculture is an alternative farming method that emerged in the early 20th century, in response to rapidly evolvement of agricultural practices. There are a number of factors that affect the development of organic products, among which, the most important factor is the consumer. Market demand increasesfor organic products mainly from the number of consumers. The aim of this study is to evaluate the awareness of consumers and their perceptions for organic products for the case of Kosovo, through the use of cross-sectional data for the year 2014 provided by the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Rural Development. The results suggest that Kosovo’s consumers trust organic products more than conventional ones, comparing them in terms of mode of production, freshness, safety and taste, but however, despite the increase in food costs as a result of increasing age, family income, increasing family members, kosovars are not very willing to pay more for organic food. As part of the empirical analysis was conducted the OLS regression of variable Food Expenses over Family Incomes, Age, Education, Family Members and Children under the age of 14. It was suggested that families spend on average 306 Euros for food from their average incomes of 701 Euros. The results suggest that the variables of Age and Family Incomes are significant at 1% significance level while the variable of Family Members is significant at 5% level of significance. The variables of Education and number of Children under the age of 14 are found to not have an impact on food expenses. On the other hand, it is also evaluated that the Kosovar customers are willing to pay on average 19% higher price for organic products but this variable is found to be weakly correlated with family incomes