cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Stochastic background of gravitational waves emitted by magnetars
Creators: name: Marassi, Stefania
name: Ciolfi, Riccardo
name: Schneider, Raffaella
name: Stella, Luigi
name: Ferrari, Valeria
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two classes of high energy sources in our galaxy are believed to host magnetars, neutron stars whose emission results from the dissipation of their magnetic field. The extremely high magnetic field of magnetars distorts their shape, and causes the emission of a conspicuous gravitational waves signal if rotation is fast and takes place around a different axis than the symmetry axis of the magnetic distortion. Based on a numerical model of the cosmic star formation history, we derive the cosmological background of gravitational waves produced by magnetars, when they are very young and fast spinning. We adopt different models for the configuration and strength of the internal magnetic field (which determines the distortion) as well as different values of the external dipole field strength (which governs the spin evolution of magnetars over a wide range of parameters). We find that the expected gravitational wave background differs considerably from one model to another. The strongest signals are generated for magnetars with very intense toroidal internal fields ($\sim 10^{16}$ G range) and external dipole fields of $\sim 10^{14}$, as envisaged in models aimed at explaining the properties of the Dec 2004 giant flare from SGR 1806-20. Such signals should be easily detectable with third generation ground based interferometers such as the Einstein Telescope.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Neutral pion photoproduction off 3H and 3He in chiral perturbation theory
Creators: name: Lenkewitz, Mark
name: Epelbaum, Evgeny
name: Hammer, H. -W.
name: Meißner, Ulf-G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate electromagnetic neutral pion production off three-nucleon bound states (3H, 3He) at threshold to leading one-loop order in the framework of chiral nuclear effective field theory. In addition, we analyze the dependence of the nuclear S-wave amplitude E_{0+} on the elementary neutron amplitude E_{0+}^{pi0 n} which in the case of 3He provides a stringent test of the prediction based on chiral perturbation theory. Uncertainties from higher order corrections are estimated.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, version accepted for publication in Phys. Lett. B, improved discussion of higher-order corrections, results unchanged
CHYLA Regional Operative Scenario
Creators: name: Morlupo, Federico
name: Santos, Bruno
name: Förster, Peter Horst
name: Hoogreef, Maurice
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Hybrid electric aircraft
Strategic Airline Planning
Fleet and network allocation

description: Presentation of the CHYLA regional operative scenario at the CHYLA project workshop at the University of Southampton
Gebärdensprachdolmetscherinnen und ihre Herausforderungen beim Dolmetschen mit Jugendlichen im schulischen Standortgespräch
Creators: name: Fiechter, Janine
name: Frank, Katrin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Gebärdensprache
Gebärdensprachdolmetschen
Studiengang Gebärdesprachdolmetschen
Dolmetschen
Jugend
Schule
Bachelorarbeit

description: Diese Arbeit befasst sich mit der Frage, welche Herausforderungen beim Dolmetschen mit Jugendlichen in einem schulischen Standortgespräch1 für Gebärdensprachdolmetscherinnen2 auftreten. Es wurden Interviews mit diplomierte Gebärdensprachdolmetscherinnen3 durchgeführt, welche Erfahrungen in diesem Setting4 aufweisen. Diese wurden transkribiert und die daraus erhobenen Daten wurden anhand der qualitativen Methode nach Mayring (2016) ausgewertet. Zur besseren Übersicht wurde eine komprimierte tabellarische Ansicht erstellt, die dem Leser einen kompakten Eindruck über die Ergebnisse liefert. Aus diesen wird ersichtlich, dass viele unterschiedliche Herausforderungen und Strategien genannt wurden. Es wurde ein Leitfaden erstellt, welcher in Zukunft für den Einsatz der GSD in einem schulischen Standortgespräch von allen beteiligten Parteien als Hilfsmittel benutzt werden kann.
14 November 2023 - NASA Transform to Open Science (TOPS) Community Panel Transcript (Day 1)
Creators: name: Gentemann, Chelle
name: Jones, Jamaica
name: Perez, Fernando
name: Townley, Hannah
name: Mahtab, Sheikh
name: Ly, Diana
name: Ressler, Brian
name: Martin, Paige
name: Adams, Amanda
name: Faber, Emily
name: Murphy, Kevin
name: Granados, Monica
name: Kilpatrick, Logan
name: Nosek, Brian
name: Sharan, Malvika
name: Norton, Holly
name: Adams, Molly
name: Gonzalez Quiles, Junellie
name: Hurt, SherAaron
name: Crawford, Steve
name: Dan, Kylie Yui
name: Hsing, Pen-Yuan
name: Bremner, Paul
name: Colliander, James
name: Sardana, Disha
name: Glover, Malcolm
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: TOPS Community Panel Day 1: Training 20k in open science transcipt and video
Predictions of selected flavour observables within the Standard Model
Creators: name: Charles, J.
name: Deschamps, O.
name: Descotes-Genon, S.
name: Itoh, R.
name: Lacker, H.
name: Menzel, A.
name: Monteil, S.
name: Niess, V.
name: Ocariz, J.
name: Orloff, J.
name: T'Jampens, S.
name: Tisserand, V.
name: Trabelsi, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This letter gathers a selection of Standard Model predictions issued from the metrology of the CKM parameters performed by the CKMfitter group. The selection includes purely leptonic decays of neutral and charged B, D and K mesons. In the light of the expected measurements from the LHCb experiment, a special attention is given to the radiative decay modes of B mesons as well as to the B-meson mixing observables, in particular the semileptonic charge asymmetries a^d,s_SL which have been recently investigated by the D0 experiment at Tevatron. Constraints arising from rare kaon decays are addressed, in light of both current results and expected performances of future rare kaon experiments. All results have been obtained with the CKMfitter analysis package, featuring the frequentist statistical approach and using Rfit to handle theoretical uncertainties.
description: 8 pages, 1 figure, 2 tables. Typos corrected and discussion of agreement between SM and data updated
Daily intake of grape powder protects kidney function in obese ZSF-1 rats
Creators: name: Almomen, Salwa Muhamad K.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Metabolic syndrome (diabetes, hypertension, obesity and hypercholesteremia) increases the risk of high-mortality chronic diseases including chronic kidney disease, which accounts for 50% of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in the developed world. Over 1/3 of the world’s adult population have metabolic syndrome. Oxidative stress plays a central role in metabolic syndrome pathophysiology. Grape is one of the broadly studied natural anti-oxidants. Literature demonstrates grape antioxidant’s significant protective effects on metabolic syndrome, however, not yet on metabolic syndrome-related kidney disease. This study evaluates the effect of whole grape on kidney disease associated with metabolic syndrome. Material and methods: Preclinical model of metabolic syndrome-related kidney disease, Obese ZSF-1 rats, ingested whole grape powder (5% of daily diet) for 6 months. Blood and urine samples were analyzed monthly to assess renal function parameters including 24-hour urine volumes, proteinuria, and urine protein to creatinine ratio (PCR). Rats’ kidney tissue histopathology and PCR array studies were conducted. In vitro kidney cell death was examined in cultured podocytes using flow cytometry. Results: Here, collective data from 6-month preclinical study showed chronic kidney disease consistent with an early stage diabetic nephropathy picture in both experimental and control groups. Renal function in rats of the experimental group was significantly enhanced compared with those of the control group, indicated by less 24-hour urine volumes (34.79 ± 15.77 mL vs. 55.8 ± 20.27 mL, p = 0.0147) and less proteinuria (8.56 ± 5.71 g vs. 24.01 ± 37.51 g, p = 0.0412) in the experimental group. Urine PCR was significantly lower in the experimental group versus control (3.42 ± 1.289 vs. 9.722 ± 9.156, p = 0.0084). Histopathology and PCR array analysis showed less oxidative stress picture in experimental group versus control. In vitro antioxidant assays showed significantly reduced H2O2-induced cell death in podocytes treated with grape extract versus control. Conclusion: This pilot study indicates that daily intake of whole grape powder has a protective effect on the kidney in obese ZSF-1 rats, suggesting the potential of grape antioxidants as a prevention strategy for reducing kidney disease progression in metabolic syndrome patients. Further investigations are required to support this preliminary study.
Supersymmetric three family chiral SU(6) grand unification model from F-theory
Creators: name: Choi, Kang-Sin
name: Kim, Jihn E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We obtain a supersymmetric three family chiral SU(6) grand unification model with the global family symmetry SU(3)[family] from F-theory. This model has nice features such as all the fermion masses are reasonably generated and there results only one pair of Higgs doublets, realizing the doublet-triplet splitting from the family symmetry SU(3)[family]. The proton hexality is realized toward the proton stability problem. There is a room to fit the three gauge couplings using the F-theory flux idea and we obtain the proton lifetime in the 10^{36-37} yr region.
description: 5 pages, to be published in Phys. Rev. D
Directed current in the Holstein system
Creators: name: Hennig, D.
name: Burbanks, A. D.
name: Osbaldestin, A. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a mechanism to rectify charge transport in the semiclassical Holstein model. It is shown that localised initial conditions, associated with a polaron solution, in conjunction with a nonreversion symmetric static electron on-site potential constitute minimal prerequisites for the emergence of a directed current in the underlying periodic lattice system. In particular, we demonstrate that for unbiased spatially localised initial conditions, violation of parity prevents the existence of pairs of counter-propagating trajectories, thus allowing for a directed current despite the time-reversibility of the equations of motion. Occurrence of long-range coherent charge transport is demonstrated.
Relativistic descriptions of quasielastic charged-current neutrino-nucleus scattering: application to scaling and superscaling ideas
Creators: name: Meucci, Andrea
name: Caballero, J. A.
name: Giusti, C.
name: Udias, J. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The analysis of the recent experimental data on charged-current neutrino-nucleus scattering cross sections measured at MiniBooNE requires fully relativistic theoretical descriptions also accounting for the role of final state interactions. In this work we evaluate inclusive quasielastic differential neutrino cross sections within the framework of the relativistic impulse approximation. Results based on the relativistic mean field potential are compared with the ones corresponding to the relativistic Green function approach. An analysis of scaling and superscaling properties provided by both models is also presented.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures, version accepted for publication in Physical Review C
Three-Dimensional Dirac Electrons at the Fermi Energy in Cubic Inverse Perovskites: Ca_3PbO and its Family
Creators: name: Kariyado, Toshikaze
name: Ogata, Masao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The band structure of cubic inverse perovskites, Ca_3PbO and its family, are investigated with the first-principles method. A close observation of the band structure reveals that six equivalent Dirac electrons with a very small mass exist on the line connecting the Gamma- and X-points, and at the symmetrically equivalent points in the Brillouin zone. The discovered Dirac electrons are three-dimensional and remarkably located exactly at the Fermi energy. A tight-binding model describing the low-energy band structure is also constructed and used to discuss the origin of the Dirac electrons in this material. Materials related to Ca_3PbO are also studied, and some design principles for the Dirac electrons in this series of materials are proposed.
description: 4.2 pages, refined version
Is the GSI anomaly due to neutrino oscillations? - A real time perspective -
Creators: name: Wu, Jun
name: Hutasoit, Jimmy
name: Boyanovsky, Daniel
name: Holman, Richard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a model for the "GSI anomaly" in which we obtain the time evolution of the population of parent and daughter particles directly in real time, considering explicitly the quantum entanglement between the daughter particle and neutrino mass eigenstates in the two-body decay. We confirm that the decay rate of the parent particle and the growth rate of the daughter particle do \emph{not} feature a time modulation from interference of neutrino mass eigenstates. The lack of interference is a consequence of the orthogonality of the mass eigenstates. This result also follows from the density matrix obtained by tracing out the unobserved neutrino states. We confirm this result by providing a complementary explanation based on Cutkosky rules applied to the Feynman diagram that describes the self-energy of the parent particle.
description: 11 pages
Exploring the complex context of Indigenous women’s maternity experiences in the Okanagan valley, British Columbia by expanding on Aboriginal women’s responses to the Canadian maternity experiences survey
Creators: name: Leason, Jennifer Lynn
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Indigenous women’s experiences during pregnancy, birth and the early months of parenthood are important to understand their strengths, gaps, needs, priorities and barriers in order to address maternal and child health disparities. Despite clear evidence on how social determinants of health influence health, there is limited research that includes the perspectives and experiences of Indigenous women. The purpose of my research was to explore Indigenous women’s maternity experiences. An interdisciplinary theoretical perspective that includes decolonized and Indigenous methodology, social determinants of health theory, critical medical anthropology, and feminist scholarship informs my research. I conducted an analysis of Indigenous women’s (N=410) responses to the Canadian Maternity Experiences Survey (PHAC 2009), followed by ethnographic research with ten Indigenous mothers in the Okanagan Valley, BC. Individual in-depth interviews and participant-observations were analyzed using thematic content analysis, which is organized into proximal, intermediate and distal contexts of Indigenous women’s maternity experiences. The aim of my research was to expand upon my MES findings and to explore the complex context of Indigenous women’s maternity experiences and to understand why they experience higher frequency of stressors, violence and postpartum depression. Each woman’s maternity experience is shaped by her unique circumstance. My findings suggest that Indigenous women’s maternity experiences are embedded within their historical, social and cultural experiences, thus illustrating the importance of addressing and alleviating social determinants of health. My research highlights and contextualizes Indigenous women’s narratives of stress, barriers and experiences of accessing maternity healthcare, the impacts of colonization, and concludes with Indigenous women’s strength and resiliency as women warriors. My dissertation contributes to expanding research on Indigenous women’s maternity experiences as a way of moving forward for culturally safe and improved maternal-child health, healthcare and maternity research
Agentengestützte Verkehrssteuerung an Straßenkreuzungen unter Berücksichtigung der Wertschätzung der Fahrer
Creators: name: Schepperle, Heiko
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2012
Subjects: Verkehrssteuerung
Agententechnologie
Softwareagenten
Wertschätzungssensitivität
Verkehrssimulation

description: Verkehrsteilnehmer besitzen unterschiedliche Wertschätzungen für eine geringe Reisezeit. Klassische Verfahren zur Verkehrssteuerung an Straßenkreuzungen berücksichtigen diese Wertschätzungen nur unzureichend. In dieser Arbeit werden agentengestützte Mechanismen für die Verkehrssteuerung an Straßenkreuzungen entwickelt, die die individuelle Wertschätzung der Verkehrsteilnehmer berücksichtigen. Dabei zeigt sich, dass solche Mechanismen klassischen Verfahren überlegen sind.
title: Gauging DNA degradation among common insect trap preservatives
Creators: name: Ruppert, Laura‐Sophia
name: Segelbacher, Gernot
name: Staab, Michael
name: Winiger, Nathalie
Publisher: name: John Wiley & Sons
Year: 2023

description: Genetic methods for species identification are becoming increasingly popular and can accelerate insect monitoring. However, obtaining good DNA quality and quantity from insect traps remains a challenge for field studies. Ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, and Renner solution have been previously suggested as suitable preservatives for the collection of genetic material, but a systematic overview of their performance under compromising field conditions is lacking. Here we experimentally test whether and how different preservatives affect DNA quality under different conditions and evaluate how choice of preservative may affect metabarcoding and more demanding downstream applications (e.g., RADseq). For this, we used the house cricket, Acheta domesticus (L.) (Orthoptera: Gryllidae), and tested propylene glycol, ethylene glycol, and Renner solution for their ability to preserve DNA over 27 days in various dilutions and temperatures. DNA quality was measured as DNA fragmentation and success rates in PCR amplifying a COI fragment of 658, 313, or 157 bp. Undiluted propylene glycol and ethylene glycol always retained high molecular weight DNA at room temperature. No high molecular weight DNA was preserved at 37 °C or in any dilution. Nevertheless, the COI sequence could be amplified from samples at every condition. Renner solution did not preserve high molecular weight DNA and fragmentation increased over time at 37 °C until amplification was impossible. The results suggest that propylene glycol and ethylene glycol are suitable preservatives for collecting both genetic and morphological material, but dilution or high temperatures compromise their ability to preserve high molecular weight DNA. For genomic approaches requiring high DNA quality, additional preservatives may need to be tested.
Nanokontaktlithographie auf Basis templatinduzierter Selbstorganisation amphiphiler Blockcopolymere
Creators: name: Heiler, Tobias Jörg
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2012
Subjects: Blockcopolymer
Rasterkraftmikroskopie
Selbstorganisation

description: In dieser Arbeit wurden die einzelnen Prozessschritte eines neuartigen Softlithographieverfahrens untersucht und weiterentwickelt. Dieses basiert auf der Übertragung eines auf einem chemisch heterogenen Substrat vorgegebenen Musters in die Morphologie eines Blockcopolymerfilms. Der Film bildet die Unterseite eines elastischen Stempels, mit dem topographische Nanostrukturen mit Strukturgrößen von 15 nm erzeugt
werden konnten.
Characterization of Photonic Quantum Dots with Coherent
Scattering Methods
Creators: name: Riotte, Markus
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2012
Subjects: Quantenpunkte
Röntgenstreuung
Halbleiter
Epitaxie

description: Inhalt dieser Arbeit ist die Charakterisierung von lichtemittierenden Halbleiterquantenpunkten mit Röntgenstrahlung. Zum einen wird eine "in-situ" anwendbare Mess- und Analysemethode entwickelt, mit Hilfe derer sich Gestalt, Verdehnung und chemische Zusammensetzung von Quantenpunkten messen lässt. Das Ergebnis ist ein ganzheitliches ("Holistic Iso Strain Scattering" (HISS) Modell). Im zweiten Teil der Arbeit werden verschiedene Quantenpunktproben mit den Röntgenmethoden charakterisiert.
Cross Calibration of the Measurements of the Electron Component of Extensive Air Showers of KASCADE-Grande and HEAT
Creators: name: Wommer, Michael
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2012
Subjects: Cosmic Rays
Energy Spectrum

description: Subject of this thesis is the reconstruction of the energy spectrum of cosmic rays on basis of the electron component of extensive air showers measured by KASCADE-Grande.
Majorana fermions in pinned vortices
Creators: name: Rakhmanov, A. L.
name: Rozhkov, A. V.
name: Nori, Franco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Exploiting the peculiar properties of proximity-induced superconductivity on the surface of a topological insulator, we propose a device which allows the creation of a Majorana fermion inside the core of a pinned Abrikosov vortex. The relevant Bogolyubov-de Gennes equations are studied analytically. We demonstrate that in this system the zero-energy Majorana fermion state is separated by a large energy gap, of the order of the zero-temperature superconducting gap $Δ$, from a band of single-particle non-topological excitations. In other words, the Majorana fermion remains robust against thermal fluctuations, as long as the temperature remains substantially lower than the critical superconducting temperature. Experimentally, the Majorana state may be detected by measuring the tunneling differential conductance at the center of the Abrikosov vortex. In such an experiment, the Majorana state manifests itself as a zero-bias anomaly separated by a gap, of the order of $Δ$, from the contributions of the nontopological excitations.
description: 9 pages, 2 eps figures, new references are added, several typos are corrected
69711: Oxford Vigilance Committee, Report on Moral Conditions of Oxford
Creators: name: Project Team, Oxford At War
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 430304
subject: British history
classificationCode: 430308
subject: European history (excl. British, classical Greek and Roman)
classificationCode: 430316
subject: International history

description: In this BBC feature, historian Malcolm Graham talks about the Oxford Vigilance Committee and the report this self-appointed group produced in November 1916. The report discussed the "immoral behaviour" that was found in Oxford at the time and suggested how the problem could be solved.
The report itself is available at http://www.oxfordatwar.uk/items/show/125 (Courtesy of Oxfordshire County Council - Oxfordshire History Centre)
Mantidactylus inaudax
Creators: name: Scherz, Mark D.
name: Crottini, Angelica
name: Hutter, Carl R.
name: Hildenbrand, Andrea
name: Andreone, Franco
name: Fulgence, Thio Rosin
name: Köhler, Gunther
name: Ndriantsoa, Serge Herilala
name: Ohler, Annemarie
name: Preick, Michaela
name: Rakotoarison, Andolalao
name: Rancilhac, Loïs
name: Raselimanana, Achille P.
name: Riemann, Jana C.
name: Rödel, Mark-Oliver
name: Rosa, Gonçalo M.
name: Streicher, Jeffrey W.
name: Vieites, David R.
name: Köhler, Jörn
name: Hofreiter, Michael
name: Glaw, Frank
name: Vences, Miguel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Amphibia
Anura
Mantellidae
Mantidactylus
Mantidactylus inaudax

description: Mantidactylus inaudax clade
A clade with several lineages of rather small size (21.7–37.5 mm adult SVL) bearing morphological similarities to species in the M. biporus clade, but phylogenetically sister to the M. curtus clade. Unlike most species in the M. biporus clade, many individuals in the M. inaudax clade have dorsolateral folds (which can be weakly expressed). The clade contains one widespread and genetically variable species for which we here revalidate the historical name M. inaudax. The clade further contains one new species for which we name, in addition, two deep lineages as subspecies (see justification in the respective accounts), based on holotypes depicted in Fig. 73.
description: Published as part of Scherz, Mark D., Crottini, Angelica, Hutter, Carl R., Hildenbrand, Andrea, Andreone, Franco, Fulgence, Thio Rosin, Köhler, Gunther, Ndriantsoa, Serge Herilala, Ohler, Annemarie, Preick, Michaela, Rakotoarison, Andolalao, Rancilhac, Loïs, Raselimanana, Achille P., Riemann, Jana C., Rödel, Mark-Oliver, Rosa, Gonçalo M., Streicher, Jeffrey W., Vieites, David R., Köhler, Jörn, Hofreiter, Michael, Glaw, Frank & Vences, Miguel, 2022, An inordinate fondness for inconspicuous brown frogs: integration of phylogenomics, archival DNA analysis, morphology, and bioacoustics yields 24 new taxa in the subgenus Brygoomantis (genus Mantidactylus) from Madagascar, pp. 113-311 in Megataxa 7 (2) on page 282, DOI: 10.11646/megataxa.7.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/7441023
Effective spin chains for fractional quantum Hall states
Creators: name: Bergholtz, Emil J.
name: Nakamura, Masaaki
name: Suorsa, Juha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fractional quantum Hall (FQH) states are topologically ordered which indicates that their essential properties are insensitive to smooth deformations of the manifold on which they are studied. Their microscopic Hamiltonian description, however, strongly depends on geometrical details. Recent work has shown how this dependence can be exploited to generate effective models that are both interesting in their own right and also provide further insight into the quantum Hall system. We review and expand on recent efforts to understand the FQH system close to the solvable thin-torus limit in terms of effective spin chains. In particular, we clarify how the difference between the bosonic and fermionic FQH states, which is not apparent in the thin-torus limit, can be seen at this level. Additionally, we discuss the relation of the Haldane-Shastry chain to the so-called QH circle limit and comment on its significance to recent entanglement studies.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures. Written for a Special Issue on Foundations of Computational and Theoretical Nanoscience in Journal of Computational and Theoretical Nanoscience (proceedings for nanoPHYS'09 in Tokyo)
Direct writing of metal films via microplasma scanning and applications to printed sensors
Creators: name: Ibrahim, Ahmed Magdy Elsayed Abdulwahed
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Direct writing of precise micro-patterns of metallic films is an emerging fabrication technique applicable for a vast range of devices. Techniques for printing various materials are being developed for some time owing to the escalating demand, and have seen substantial progress over the years. The objective of this research is to develop a simple direct writing technique that can accurately form desired patterns with high film quality, low cost, and rapid time. Micro glow discharge manipulation may be used to print metal structures with high precision. The proposed micro-scale process for local deposition and direct writing of metal films through sputtering of a micro-machined target electrode is achieved via a highly confined micro glow plasma generated between the electrode’s end and the substrate without the need of processing under vacuum. Through the use of micro-machined cylindrical-shaped target electrodes of the desired metal or metal alloy, the microplasma is steadily sustained to confirm the local deposition of the electrode material on the conductive substrate. Film characterization, performed by thickness profilometer reveals the patterning of target material with thicknesses ranging from the 100-nm order to several micrometers, dependent on the discharge current and feed rate. The viability of the process to pattern films over non-planar surfaces is achieved with high quality. The applicability of the devised technique to micro-pattern T-type thermocouple junctions is demonstrated and the thermoelectric performance of the printed sensors is measured to verify their thermoelectric function, with a sensitivity of 39 µV/oC that matches well the Seebeck voltage of a typical T-type device. The process scheme is promising for rapid, and low-cost production of thin film patterns and applicable to print of temperature sensors, potentially on a variety of objects including three-dimensional components and flexible substrates.
Surface and bulk electronic structure of unconventional superconductor Sr_2RuO_4: unusual splitting of the beta-band
Creators: name: Zabolotnyy, V. B.
name: Carleschi, E.
name: Kim, T. K.
name: Kordyuk, A. A.
name: Trinckauf, J.
name: Geck, J.
name: Evtushinsky, D. V.
name: Doyle, B. P.
name: Fittipaldi, R.
name: Cuoco, M.
name: Vecchione, A.
name: Buchner, B.
name: Borisenko, S. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an angle resolved photoemission study of the surface and bulk electronic structure of the single layer ruthenate Sr$_2$RuO$_4$. As the early studies of its electronic structure by photoemission and scanning tunneling microscopy were confronted with a problem of surface reconstruction, surface aging was previously proposed as a possible remedy to access the bulk states. Here we suggest an alternative way by demonstrating that, in the case of Sr$_2$RuO$_4$, circularly polarised light can be used to disentangle the signals from the bulk and surface layers, thus opening the possibility of investigating many-body interactions both in bulk and surface bands. The proposed procedure results in improved momentum resolution, which enabled us to detect an unexpected splitting of the surface $β$ band. We propose that spin--orbit splitting might be responsible for this, and discuss possible relations of the newly observed surface feature to topological matter.
description: Submitted to PRB. Related work: http://www.ifw-dresden.de/institutes/iff/research/SC/arpes
Large Deformation Shear and Elongation Rheology of Polymers for Electrospinning and other Industrial Processes
Creators: name: Ahirwal, Deepak
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2012

description: The goals of this thesis are the characterization of polymer melts using mainly non-linear shear and extensional rheological techniques, the fabrication of scaffolds with excellent physical and mechanical properties using the solution electrospinning technology for tissue engineering applications and the development of melt electrospinning equipment to facilitate the fabrication of solvent free scaffolds.
Nonresonant explanation for the Y(4260) structure observed in the $e^+e^-\to J/ψπ^+π^-$ process
Creators: name: Chen, Dian-Yong
name: He, Jun
name: Liu, Xiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we proposed a nonresonant explanation for the Y(4260) structure observed in the $e^+e^-\to J/ψπ^+π^-$ process, i.e., Y(4260) is not a genuine resonance. Our result indicates that the Y(4260) structure can be reproduced by the interference of production amplitudes of the $e^+e^-\to J/ψπ^+π^-$ processes via direct $e^+e^-$ annihilation and through intermediate charmonia $ψ(4160)/ψ(4415)$. Besides describing Y(4260) line shape in $e^+e^-\to J/ψπ^+π^-$ well, such a nonresonant explanation for the Y(4260) structure naturally answers why there is no evidence of Y(4260) in the exclusive open-charm decay channel and $R$-value scan.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures, 4 tables. Final version accepted for publication in Physical Review D
Public policy and the structural development of postsecondary education in British Columbia, Canada, 1960 - 2015
Creators: name: Cowin, J Robert
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: This study examined the structural development since 1960 of the entire postsecondary education system – that is, post-compulsory, formal education for adults – in Canada’s westernmost province, British Columbia. I synthesized changes across teaching and research universities, public colleges, private career colleges, apprenticeship, faith-based institutions, Aboriginal-governed institutions, and continuing education activities. My focus was on sectors, not individual institutions, and I considered the consequences of federal government actions along with those of the provincial government. I divided the era into three periods, from which I analyzed five significant historical moments. After considering the proximate causes of changes during these moments, I assessed the extent to which developments in each moment were consistent with three enduring public policy rationales for postsecondary education in British Columbia. The first policy rationale concerned a set of concepts about fairness that emerged cumulatively to constitute a fulsome understanding of social justice: access to educational opportunity for individuals, compensatory justice, cultural recognition and promotion, and spatial adaptation. The second propelling rationale, economic in nature, emerged from the literature on human capital formation and found expression in both generic and occupationally-specific forms. The third rationale concerned a means perceived to foster effective and efficient educational administration, namely a neoliberal, market-oriented approach that I explicated using some concepts from institutional theory and new public management. All three policy rationales proved helpful in interpreting the historical record, but none was present in all five historical moments. I commented about aspects of these policy rationales that might be useful to consider regarding future postsecondary development. I also made two observations, one about historical themes and the other about the language used to describe postsecondary education, that are relevant regardless of the approach taken when examining the postsecondary history of British Columbia. I offered recommendations concerning the social stratification implications of a growing vertical differentiation among institutions, the role of continuing education, information about the private sectors, a more current usage of human capital theory, attention to sub-baccalaureate education, the implications of international enrolment, open data, terminology, and systems thinking.
The Fourier-Galerkin Method for Band Structure Computations of 2D and 3D Photonic Crystals
Creators: name: Anic, Branimir
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2013

description: In this dissertation we consider the band structure computation of 2D and 3D photonic crystals with the Fourier-Galerkin method. For the 2D Helmholtz equation we discuss the efficient implementation and the convergence. For the three-dimensional problem we use the so-called Harmonic Restarted Arnoldi method for solving the discrete eigenvalue problems without preconditioning.
title: The neglected influence of zinc oxide light‐soaking on stability measurements of inverted organic solar cells
Creators: name: Günther, Marcella
name: Lotfi, Soroush
name: Rivas, Sergio Sánchez
name: Blätte, Dominic
name: Hofmann, Jan P.
name: Bein, Thomas
name: Ameri, Tayebeh
Publisher: name: Wiley-VCH
Year: 2023

description: Although zinc oxide (ZnO) is one of the most commonly used materials for electron transport layers in organic solar cells (OSCs), it also comes with disadvantages such as the so‐called light‐soaking issues, i.e., its need for exposure to UV light to reach its full potential in OSCs. Here, the impact of ZnO light‐soaking issues on stability measurements of OSCs is investigated. It is found that in the absence of UV light a reversible degradation occurs, which is independent of the used active layer material and accelerates at higher temperatures but can be undone with a short UV exposure. This reversible aging is attributed to the re‐adsorption of oxygen, which for manufacturing reasons is trapped at the interface of ZnO, even in an oxygen‐free environment. This oxygen can be removed with a UV pretreatment of the ZnO but at the expense of device efficiency and production that has to take place in an oxygen‐free environment. This study establishes that stability measurements of ZnO‐containing OSCs must be performed exclusively with a light source including a UV part since the usage of a simple white light source – as often reported in the literature – can lead to erroneous results.
Stochastic theory of protein synthesis and polysome: ribosome profile on a single mRNA transcript
Creators: name: Sharma, Ajeet K.
name: Chowdhury, Debashish
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Subcellular Processes (q-bio.SC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The process of polymerizing a protein by a ribosome, using a messenger RNA (mRNA) as the corresponding template, is called {\it translation}. Ribosome may be regarded as a molecular motor for which the mRNA template serves also as the track. Often several ribosomes may translate the same (mRNA) simultaneously. The ribosomes bound simultaneously to a single mRNA transcript are the members of a polyribosome (or, simply, {\it polysome}). Experimentally measured {\it polysome profile} gives the distribution of polysome {\it sizes}. Recently a breakthrough in determining the instantaneous {\it positions} of the ribosomes on a given mRNA track has been achieved and the technique is called {\it ribosome profiling} \cite{ingolia10,guo10}. Motivated by the success of these techniques, we have studied the spatio-temporal organization of ribosomes by extending a theoretical model that we have reported elsewhere \cite{sharma11}. This extended version of our model incorporates not only (i) mechano-chemical cycle of individual ribomes, and (ii) their steric interactions, but also (iii) the effects of (a) kinetic proofreading, (b) translational infidelity, (c) ribosome recycling, and (d) sequence inhomogeneities. The theoretical framework developed here will serve in guiding further experiments and in analyzing the data to gain deep insight into various kinetic processes involved in translation.
description: Minor revision
Schädigungsmodell für die Hydroabrasionsbeanspruchung zur probabilistischen Lebensdauerprognose von Betonoberflächen im Wasserbau
Creators: name: Vogel, Michael
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2012
Subjects: Hydroabrasionsverschleiß
Beton
Schädigungsmodell
Wasserbauwerke
Lebensdauerprognose

description: Wasserbauliche Anlagen unterliegen vielfältigen Einwirkungen. Besonders die mechanische Einwirkung auf Betonoberflächen infolge der mit Feststoffen befrachteten Wasserströmung stellt eine maßgebende Beanspruchung dar. Die Behandlung der Dauerhaftigkeit von Beton bzgl. des Hydroabrasionsverschleißes erfolgte bisher nur ansatzweise. Hinsichtlich der Verschleißprüfverfahren, -kennwerte und Schädigungsmodelle existierten Kenntnislücken, die im Rahmen dieser Arbeit geschlossen wurden.
On the O/H, Mg/H, Si/H and Fe/H Gas and Dust Abundance Ratios in Galactic and Extragalactic H II Regions
Creators: name: Peimbert, Antonio
name: Peimbert, Manuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive the Mg/H ratio in the Orion nebula and in 30 Doradus. We also derive the O/H and the Fe/O ratios in the extremely metal poor galaxy SBS 0335-052. We estimate the dust depletions of Mg, Si, and Fe in Galactic and extragalactic H II regions. Based on these depletions we estimate the fraction of O atoms embedded in dust as a function of the O/H ratio. We find an increasing depletion of O with increasing O/H. The O depletion increases from about 0.08 dex, for the metal poorest H II regions known, to about 0.12 dex, for metal rich H II regions. This depletion has to be considered when comparing nebular with stellar abundances.
description: 22 pages, 6 figures, submitted to The Astrophysical Journal. Rewritten for clarity (following the recomendations by the ApJ referee)
Änderungserkennung in multitemporalen und multipolarisierten Radaraufnahmen
Creators: name: Schmitt, Andreas
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2012
Subjects: Fernerkundung
Synthetic Aperture Radar
Polarimetrie
Änderungserkennung
Monitoring

description: Zur automatischen Auswertung von multitemporalen und multipolarisierten Aufnahmen satellitengetragener SAR-Sensoren wird neben einem curveletbasierten Ansatz für Standardprodukte eine neuartige Prozessierungskette entwickelt, aus der die Tangenshyperbolicus-Normierung, ein innovatives Störungsmodell, das pyramidale Multilooking sowie die differentielle Kennaughmatrix als Änderungsmaß hervorgehen. Eine breit angelegte Demonstration der Praxistauglichkeit beider Verfahren rundet die Arbeit ab.
Event Processing and Stream Reasoning with ETALIS
Creators: name: Anicic, Darko
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2012

description: This thesis presents the ETALIS Language for Events (ELE), a declarative rule-based language for Event Processing (EP) and Stream Reasoning (SR). ELE features a well-defined semantics, and provides strong event processing and reasoning capabilities. In this work we present ELE and show how its EP and SR capabilities have the potential to provide powerful real time intelligence. We provide a prototype implementation of the language, and present evaluation results for a few implemented scenarios.
Localization of gravity on a de Sitter thick braneworld without scalar fields
Creators: name: Herrera-Aguilar, Alfredo
name: Malagon-Morejon, Dagoberto
name: Mora-Luna, Refugio Rigel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 83E15

description: In this work we present a simple thick braneworld model that is generated by an intriguing interplay between a 5D cosmological constant with a de Sitter metric induced in the 3-brane without the inclusion of scalar fields. We show that 4D gravity is localized on this brane, provide analytic expressions for the massive Kaluza-Klein (KK) fluctuation modes and also show that the spectrum of metric excitations displays a mass gap. We finally present the corrections to Newton's law due to these massive modes. This model has no naked singularities along the fifth dimension despite the existence of a mass gap in the graviton spectrum as it happens in thick branes with 4D Poincare symmetry, providing a simple model with very good features: the curvature is completely smooth along the fifth dimension, it localizes 4D gravity and the spectrum of gravity fluctuations presents a mass gap, a fact that rules out the existence of phenomenologically dangerous ultralight KK excitations in the model. We finally present our solution as a limit of scalar thick branes.
description: 11 pages in latex, no figures, title and abstract changed, a new section and some references added
69713: Captain Kennedy's Mandolin (Pitt Rivers Museum)
Creators: name: Project Team, Oxford At War
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 430304
subject: British history
classificationCode: 430308
subject: European history (excl. British, classical Greek and Roman)
classificationCode: 430316
subject: International history

description: Pictures and description of a mandolin held in the Pitt Rivers Museum. The instrument is painted with the names of places where the donor played it during WW1.
Sensitivity Studies for the KATRIN experiment
Creators: name: Käfer, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2012
Subjects: KATRIN
neutrino mass
beta decay
tritium

description: The KATRIN experiment aims to determine the mass of the electron anti-neutrino with a sensitivity of 200 meV by investigating the endpoint of the tritium beta decay spectrum. This thesis uses a newly developed detailed model of the KATRIN tritium source in combination with results from test experiments to verify that this sensitivity can be reached. Additionally, an envisioned second phase with an enhanced
sensitivity is investigated as well.
Thermodynamics of Constant Curvature Black Holes Through Semi-Classical Tunneling
Creators: name: Yale, Alexandre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the semi-classical tunneling of scalar and fermion fields from the horizon of a Constant Curvature Black Hole, which is locally AdS and whose five-dimensional analogue is dual to ${\cal N}=4$ Super Yang-Mills. In particular, we highlight the strong reliance of the tunneling method for Hawking radiation on near-horizon symmetries, a fact often hidden behind the algorithmic procedure with which the tunneling approach tends to be used. We ultimately calculate the emission rate of scalars and fermions, and hence the black hole's Hawking temperature.
description: 8 pages, 1 figure. Introduction and Discussion updated; version to appear in MPLA
The Integral of the Riemann xi-function
Creators: name: Lagarias, Jeffrey C.
name: Montague, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11M26, (30D35)

description: This paper studies the integral of the Riemann xi-function. More generally, it studies a one-parameter family of functions given by Fourier integrals and satisfying a functional equation. Members of this family are shown to have only finitely many zeros on the critical line, with the integral of the Riemann xi-function having exactly one zero on the critical line, at s = 1/2. The zeros of the integral of the xi-function are shown to lie arbitrarily far away from the critical line. An analogue of the de Bruijn-Newman constant is introduced for this family, and shown to be infinite.
description: 23 pages, LaTeX; v2 26 pages, substantive changes to details
The unwanted amplification of monochromatic signals in seismic noise cross-correlation functions by spectral whitening
Creators: name: Groos, Jörn C.
name: Ritter, Joachim R.R.
name: Bussat, Sascha
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2012

description: The estimation of the Green’s function between two points on the Earth’s surface by the cross-correlation of seismic noise time series requires, in general, very long time series (months to years) as well as massive normalisation. Spectral whitening is a widely used powerful normalisation to improve the emergence of broad-band signals in seismic noise cross-correlations. Nevertheless, we observe spectral whitening to depend strongly on the time window length necessarily used to fragment very long time series. An unwanted amplification of a persistent microseism signal is observed on the continental scale with time windows shorter than 12 hours.