cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Stellar evolution with rotation X: Wolf-Rayet star populations at solar metallicity
Creators: name: Meynet, G.
name: Maeder, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the properties of Wolf--Rayet (WR) stars predicted by models of rotating stars taking account of the new mass loss rates for O--type stars and WR stars (Vink et al. \cite{Vink00}, \cite{Vink01}; Nugis & Lamers \cite{NuLa00}) and of the wind anisotropies induced by rotation. We find that the rotation velocities $v$ of WR stars are modest, i.e. about 50 km s$^{-1}$, not very dependant on the initial $v$ and masses. For the most massive stars, the evolution of $v$ is very strongly influenced by the values of the mass loss rates; below $\sim$12 M$_\odot$ the evolution of rotation during the MS phase and later phases is dominated by the internal coupling. Massive stars with extreme rotation may skip the LBV phase. Models having a typical $v$ for the O--type stars have WR lifetimes on the average two times longer than for non--rotating models. The increase of the WR lifetimes is mainly due to that of the H--rich eWNL phase. Rotation allows a transition WN/WC phase to be present for initial masses lower than 60 M$_\odot$. The durations of the other WR subphases are less affected by rotation. The mass threshold for forming WR stars is lowered from 37 to 22 M$_\odot$ for typical rotation. The comparisons of the predicted number ratios WR/O, WN/WC and of the number of transition WN/WC stars show very good agreement with models with rotation, while this is not the case for models with the present--day mass loss rates and no rotation. As to the chemical abundances in WR stars, rotation brings only very small changes for WN stars, since they have equilibrium CNO values. However, WC stars with rotation have on average lower C/He and O/He ratios. The luminosity distribution of WC stars is also influenced by rotation.
description: 17 pages, 20 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
A New Look for the John Benjamin Murphy Portrait
Creators: name: Kubilius, Ramune K.
Publisher: name: DigitalHub. Galter Health Sciences Library & Learning Center
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: portrait
subject: Feinberg School of Medicine
subject: Galter Health Sciences Library & Learning Center
subject: Surgeons
subject: Faculty, Medical
subject: General Surgery
subject: Art--Conservation and restoration
subject: Murphy, J. B. (John Benjamin), 1857-1916

description: Article that originally appeared in the Galter Library's website describes the 2016 restoration project of a portrait of Dr. J. B. Murphy that was part of a donation to the library in December 2010 from Barbara Miller, his great granddaughter.
The CI lines as tracers of molecular gas, and their prospects at high redshifts
Creators: name: Padeli, Papadopoulos P.
name: Wing-Fai, Thi
name: Serena, Viti
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the fine structure lines $^{3}P_{1}\to $$^{3}P_{0}$ (492 GHz) and $ ^{3}P_2\to $$^{3}P_1$ (809 GHz) of neutral atomic carbon as bulk molecular gas mass tracers and find that they can be good and on many occasions better than $ ^{12}$CO transitions, especially at high redshifts. The notion of CI emission as an H$_2$ gas mass tracer challenges the long-held view of its distribution over only a relatively narrow layer in the CII/CI/CO transition zone in FUV-illuminated molecular clouds. Past observations have indeed consistently pointed towards a more extended CI distribution but it was only recently, with the advent of large scale imaging of its $^{3}P_{1}\to $$^{3}P_{0}$ transition, that its surprising ubiquity in molecular clouds has been fully revealed. In the present work we show that under {\it typical} ISM conditions such an ubiquity is inevitable because of well known dynamic and non-equilibrium chemistry processes maintaining a significant [C]/[$ ^{12}$CO] abundance throughout Giant Molecular Clouds during their lifetime. These processes are more intense in star-forming environments where a larger ambient cosmic ray flux will also play an important role in boosting [C]/[$ ^{12}$CO]. The resulting CI lines can be bright and effective H$_2$ mass tracers especially for diffuse ($\sim 10^2-10^3\rm cm^{-3}$) gas while in UV-intense and/or metal-poor environments their H$_2$-tracing capability diminishes because of large scale CII production but nevertheless remains superior to that of $ ^{12}$CO. The best place to take full advantage of CI's capacity to trace H$_2$ is not in the low-$z$ Universe, where large atmospheric absorption at 492 and 809 GHz precludes routine observations, but at high redshifts ($\rm z\ga 1$).
description: Accepted for publication at the Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society (29 pages, 5 figures)
Additional file 1 of A novel approach to conducting clinical trials in the community setting: utilizing patient-driven platforms and social media to drive web-based patient recruitment
Creators: name: Applequist, Janelle
name: Burroughs, Cristina
name: Ramirez, Artemio
name: Merkel, Peter A.
name: Rothenberg, Marc E.
name: Trapnell, Bruce
name: Desnick, Robert J.
name: Sahin, Mustafa
name: Krischer, Jeffrey P.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Supplementary File 1. Interview Demographics – Participant Disease Type. Interview demographics by disease type
Blackburnia (Metromenus) lanaihalensis Liebherr and Zimmerman
Creators: name: Liebherr, James K.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Carabidae
Blackburnia
Blackburnia lanaihalensis

description: Blackburnia (Metromenus) lanaihalensis Liebherr and Zimmerman
 Distribution. This species is known only from two males collected by Perkins during January 1894 and placed in his lot 83 (‘‘Lanai, behind Koele, about 2.000 ft. ’94’’; Anonymous N. D.; Fig. 6A). Perkins also collected B. filipes in this lot (Liebherr 2000). The fate of this species may be the same as that of its syntopic relative, B. lanaiensis; i.e., extirpation during the habitat destruction meted out in Kaiholena Gulch by goats, sheep, and ants (Giffard 1908).
 Habitat. The habitat of this species would have been associated most likely with the stream in Kaiholena Gulch. This postdiction is made based on the riparian habits shared by the two species that comprise this species’ adelphotaxon, the extant Molokai species B. vagans (Sharp) and the extant West Maui species B. auana Liebherr (Liebherr and Zimmerman 2000).
description: Published as part of Liebherr, James K., 2009, Native And Alien Carabidae (Coleoptera) Share Lanai, An Ecologically Devastated Island, pp. 383-411 in The Coleopterists Bulletin 63 (4) on page 399, DOI: 10.1649/1176.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4924356
Intersections between Physical Activity, Obesity, and Cancer Risk
Creators: name: Katzmarzyk, Peter
name: Friedenreich, Christine
name: Brown, Justin
Publisher: name: The Health & Fitness Journal of Canada
Year: 2022

description: Purpose: The purpose of this symposium is to explore the relationships among physical activity, obesity and cancer risk and survival, with a particular emphasis on the role of physical activity in reducing future health risks among cancer survivors. Description: Over the past three decades, it has become increasing clear that the risk of several cancers is associated with obesity and physical inactivity. This symposium will present updated observational epidemiological evidence on these associations. In addition to the risk of developing a first cancer, there is also evidence that physical activity can attenuate the risk of developing further cancers in addition to reducing the risk of premature mortality. Finally, intervention studies among cancer survivors are beginning to identify potential mechanisms between these observed associations. Chair: Dr. Peter T. Katzmarzyk, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA Presenter 1: Dr. Peter T. Katzmarzyk, PhD, FACSM, FAHA, FTOS, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA. Title: Physical Activity, Obesity and Cancer Risk: Epidemiological Evidence Presenter 2: Dr. Christine Friedenreich, PhD, FCAHS, FRSC, Alberta Health Services and Cumming School of Medicine and Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB. Title: Role of Physical Activity and Weight Management in Promoting Health in Cancer Survivors Presenter 3: Dr. Justin Brown, PhD, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA. Title: Testing Novel Physical Activity Intervention Strategies in Cancer Survivors: Understanding the Mechanisms Results: Obesity is a significant risk factor for 13 cancers. The 2018 US Physical Activity Guidelines Advisory Committee found strong evidence that physical inactivity is associated with an increased risk of 7 cancers (bladder, breast, colon, endometrium, esophagus, gastric, and kidney), moderate evidence for 1 cancer (lung), and limited evidence for 7 cancers (hematologic, head and neck, ovary, pancreas, prostate, thyroid and rectal). Six of the 7 cancers with strong evidence of association with physical inactivity are obesity- related cancers. Furthermore, physical activity before and after diagnosis of a cancer is associated with improved survival for those diagnosed with breast and colon cancer. Intervention studies among cancer survivors have identified several potential underlying mechanisms that can be exploited to maximize personalized physical activity and obesity reduction therapies for cancer survivors. Conclusions: This symposium addresses several issues related to the congress themes, including epidemiology, behaviour change, and clinical populations. The results will be widely applicable to clinical and public health settings around the world.
description: The Health & Fitness Journal of Canada, Vol. 14 No. 3 (2021): Proceedings from the 8th International Society for Physical Activity and Health Congress
Additional file 3 of A novel approach to conducting clinical trials in the community setting: utilizing patient-driven platforms and social media to drive web-based patient recruitment
Creators: name: Applequist, Janelle
name: Burroughs, Cristina
name: Ramirez, Artemio
name: Merkel, Peter A.
name: Rothenberg, Marc E.
name: Trapnell, Bruce
name: Desnick, Robert J.
name: Sahin, Mustafa
name: Krischer, Jeffrey P.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 3. Supplementary File 3 Interview Demographics – Participant Race. Description of data: Interview demographics by race
D-branes of Covariant AdS Superstrings
Creators: name: Sakaguchi, Makoto
name: Yoshida, Kentaroh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider D-branes of open superstrings in the AdS_5 x S^5 background. The possible configurations of D-branes preserving half of supersymmetries are classified by analyzing the kappa-invariance of an open superstring in a covariant manner. We also revisit the classification of D-branes in the pp-wave background. It is shown that Penrose limits of the possible D-branes in the AdS_5 x S^5 give all of the D-branes in the pp-wave. In addition, 1/4 supersymmetric D-string, which is related to the D-string preserving 8 dynamical supersymmetries in the pp-wave, is presented. We also discuss the relation between our branes and the AdS branes in a brane probe analysis.
description: 32 pages, LaTeX2e, typos corrected, references added, to appear in NPB
The Added Value of Coordinating Inverter Control
Creators: name: Lusis, Peter
name: Andrew, Lachlan L H
name: Liebman, Ariel
name: Tack, Guido
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: G.1.6
subject: 90B50

description: Coordinated photovoltaic inverter control with centralized coordination of curtailment can increase the amount of energy sent from low-voltage (LV) distribution networks to the grid while respecting voltage constraints. First, this paper quantifies the improvement of such an approach relative to autonomous droop control, in terms of PV curtailment and line losses in balanced networks. It then extends the coordinated inverter control to unbalanced distribution networks. Finally, it formulates a control algorithm for different objectives such as the fairer distribution of PV curtailment and rewarding PV customers for utilizing the excess power locally. The coordinated inverter control algorithm is tested on the 114-node and 906-bus LV European test feeders with cable sizes between 50mm^2 and 240mm^2 and validated with reference to OpenDSS. The results demonstrate that coordinated inverter control is superior when applied to high impedance LV networks and LV networks constrained by the distribution transformer capacity limits compared to autonomous inverters. On the 95mm^2 overhead line, it yields a 2% increase on average in the utilized PV output with up to 5% increase for some PV locations at higher penetration levels. Up to a 20% increase in PV hosting capacity was observed for location scenarios with PV system clustering.
description: 11 pages, 14 figures
Blackburnia (Metromenus) depressa
Creators: name: Liebherr, James K.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Carabidae
Blackburnia
Blackburnia depressa

description: Blackburnia (Metromenus) depressa (Sharp)
 Distribution. This species is known from various localities (Fig. 6B) within the cloud forest and mesic forest communities (Fig. 1). The only known locality within the mesic forest zone is in Kaiholena Gulch, where specimens of this species were collected by Perkins (1894) at approximately 600 m el. (lots ‘‘78. Lanai, behind Koele II. ’94,’’ and ‘‘86. Lanai, above 2000 ft. I. ’94’’; Anonymous N. D.). Records from 1987 to the present are restricted to habitats 750–1,030 m elevation within the cloud forest community.
 Habitat. This species is recorded from arboreal microhabitats, most often involving the beetles lodging between plant surfaces. These include between the appressed leaf axils of Freycinetia arborea Gaudichaux-Beaupre´, within the dead stipes of Sadleria ferns, and on the ground under rotting Pritchardia palm fronds. The beetles can be found also on vegetation at night, including on the fronds of Cibotium tree ferns and uluhe fern. Collections of this species have been made predominantly in association with the native species B. filipes, M. filipes, M. flavipes, and B. ignicola. As mentioned above under M. filipes, B. depressa was collected along with the non-native M. buchanani while beating banks of uluhe fern, and with G. picipes by beating soft understory ferns.
description: Published as part of Liebherr, James K., 2009, Native And Alien Carabidae (Coleoptera) Share Lanai, An Ecologically Devastated Island, pp. 383-411 in The Coleopterists Bulletin 63 (4) on page 399, DOI: 10.1649/1176.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4924356
The Relationship between Social Deprivation and Automobile Prestige for Negro Male Pleasure Automobile Owner Operators
Creators: name: Anderson, Alan Arthur
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 4410
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Reaction to social deprivation is generally discussed under three headings, i.e., aggression, avoidance, and acceptance. The present study investigated, on an exploratory basis, the relationship between one type of reaction, aggression--as reflected in the characteristics of automobiles, owned and operated; and relative deprivation in social status of Negroes in the U.S.A> as reflected in background or environmental and personal variables. What is the effect of segregation in childhood on the conspicuous consumption behavior of Negroes?
Gnathaphanus picipes
Creators: name: Liebherr, James K.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Carabidae
Gnathaphanus
Gnathaphanus picipes

description: Gnathaphanus picipes (MacLeay)
(Fig. 6E, 7B)
 Diagnosis. Easily distinguished among Hawaiian Harpalini by the presence of five to eight dorsal elytral setae in the third elytral interval, two to three of the setae situated very near the elytral apex, in combination with a glabrous fifth elytral stria. As in G. multipunctatus, the tibiae and tarsi are flavous, however, in contrast to that species the femora are darker, brunneous, and concolorous with the body venter. Standardized body length 9.4–11.2 mm.
 Lanai Distribution. This Australian and New Guinean species (Darlington 1968; Moore et al. 1987) was first collected on Lanai in Maunalei Gulch, 490 m elevation, 3 May 1993 (Liebherr, CUIC). The specimen comprises a pterothorax and abdomen collected under a spider web suspended from the water pipe coming out of the Gulch headwall. Samuelson et al. (1997) report a 1995 Maunalei Gulch specimen as the first Lanai record. Subsequently, the species has been collected across a broad distribution on Lanai (Fig. 6E) including the cloud forest, mesic forest, and dry forest communities (Fig. 1).
 Habitat. This species has been collected at the following anthropogenically disturbed sites (CUIC): 1) the seasonally dry Maunalei Gulch bottom; 2) running on a sidewalk at the Lanai Airport; 3) in the company of G. multipunctatus running on a clay road after dark at the Kanepuu Dry Forest; 4) under a rock along the road at Puu Aalii on the summit ridge; 5) dead on the road adjacent to a Pinus plantation at Haalelepaakai; and 6) in company with M. buchanani under bark of downed Eucalyptus trunks near Lehua, 683 m elevation on the southeastern end of the summit ridge. On one occasion this species was collected with native species— B. depressa, B. filipes, and M. filipes —by beating soft understory fern in cloud forest.
description: Published as part of Liebherr, James K., 2009, Native And Alien Carabidae (Coleoptera) Share Lanai, An Ecologically Devastated Island, pp. 383-411 in The Coleopterists Bulletin 63 (4) on pages 403-404, DOI: 10.1649/1176.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4924356
Pictorial History of Northwestern University's Medical Schools
Creators: name: Sims, Ronald H
Publisher: name: Galter Health Science Library & Learning Center
Year: 2015

description: Presentation at the 8th Chicago Area Medical Archivists (CAMA) medical history symposium, October 27, 2010, Pritzker Auditorium, Northwestern Memorial Hospital 251 E. Huron Street, 3rd floor, Chicago, IL.
The Linear Instability of Astrophysical Flames in Magnetic Fields
Creators: name: Dursi, L. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Supernovae of Type Ia are used as standard candles for cosmological observations despite the as yet incomplete understanding of their explosion mechanism. In one model, these events are thought to result from subsonic burning in the core of an accreting Carbon/Oxygen white dwarf that is accelerated through flame wrinkling and flame instabilities. Many such white dwarfs have significant magnetic fields. Here we derive the linear effects of such magnetic fields on one flame instability, the well-known Landau-Darrieus instability. When the magnetic field is strong enough that the flame is everywhere sub-Alfvenic, the instability can be greatly suppressed. Super-Alfvenic flames are much less affected by the field, with flames propagating parallel to the field somewh at destabilized, and flames propagating perpendicular to the field somewhat stabili zed. Trans-Alfvenic parallel flames, however, like trans-Alfvenic parallel shocks, are seen to be non-evolutionary; understanding the behavior of these flames will require careful numerical simulation.
description: 31 pp, 11 fig, submitted to ApJ
Eleodes carbonarius
Creators: name: Triplehorn, Charles A.
name: Thomas, Donald B.
name: Rile, Edward G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Tenebrionidae
Eleodes
Eleodes carbonarius

description: Eleodes carbonarius (Say, 1823)
(Fig. 2, Map 1)
 Diagnosis. This species is ovate and convex but extremely variable in size, sculpture, and luster which makes it difficult to characterize. There are at least nine distinct populations which are recognized as subspecies, three of which occur in Texas. Eleodes c. carbonarius is shiny or glossy with punctate-striate elytra consisting of simple punctures with intervals slightly convex; E. c. obsoletus (Say) is similar but with opaque integument and muricate punctures; E. c. soror LeConte (type-locality Eagle Pass), is usually smaller with the pronotum subquadrate and narrowed from base to apex. Length: 12–28 mm.
 Distribution. Eleodes c. carbonarius is in west Texas, E. c. obsoletus in the panhandle, and E. c. soror in the lower Rio Grande valley. These subspecies and others also occur in the adjacent states of Mexico. The larva was described by St. George (1924) and the morphology of the repugnatorial glands described by Tschinkel (1975).
description: Published as part of Triplehorn, Charles A., Thomas, Donald B. & Rile, Edward G., 2009, The Genus Eleodes Eschscholtz (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) In Texas, pp. 413-437 in The Coleopterists Bulletin 63 (4) on page 418, DOI: 10.1649/1177.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4924379
Probabilities and Strategies in the Play of the Cards at the Game of Bridge
Creators: name: Horden, Martin M.
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 49
subject: Mathematical sciences
classificationCode: 4905
subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Contract Bridge is a game of cards wherein the outcome is dependent upon the player's skill in analyzing situations based on chance occurrences. The fact that it is a game between opposing interests brings Game Theory into optimum play. (Optimum is defined as the method which has the greatest expectation of success.) Whenever chance plays a major role in any scientific investigation, the Theory of Probability applies to its utmost. The integration of both mathematics and statistics into the realm of card play is the foundation upon which this thesis rests.
Eleodes debilis LeConte 1858
Creators: name: Triplehorn, Charles A.
name: Thomas, Donald B.
name: Rile, Edward G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Tenebrionidae
Eleodes
Eleodes debilis

description: Eleodes debilis LeConte, 1858
(Fig. 1, Map 7)
 Diagnosis. This is a small species, ovate and convex in body shape, which resembles some E. carbonarius in punctation. It is glabrous and shining with the integument finely and sparsely punctulate. The pronotum is subquadrate and widest at the middle. The anterior and posterior protibial spurs are distinctly dissimilar in size, especially in the female. Length: 12–15 mm.
 Distribution. This species is rather common in West Texas (Brewster, Culberson, Jeff Davis, Presidio counties), especially at upper elevations. The type-locality is in New Mexico. In Mexico, it ranges as far south as Aguascalientes.
description: Published as part of Triplehorn, Charles A., Thomas, Donald B. & Rile, Edward G., 2009, The Genus Eleodes Eschscholtz (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) In Texas, pp. 413-437 in The Coleopterists Bulletin 63 (4) on page 418, DOI: 10.1649/1177.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4924379
Generalized Parton Distributions in the Light-Front Constituent Quark Model
Creators: name: Simula, Silvano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Generalized Parton Distributions (GPDs) of the nucleon are analyzed within the relativistic constituent quark model formulated on the light-front. It is shown that the matrix elements of the plus component of the one-body vector current are plagued by spurious effects related to the dependence on the hyperplane where the nucleon wave function is defined in terms of its constituents. The physical GPDs can be extracted only from the matrix elements of a transverse component of the one-body current. The loss of the polinomiality property is then related to the neglect of the pair creation process for non-vanishing values of the skewness. The need of implementing effective many-body currents corresponding to the Z-graph is stressed and a possible approach to achieve such a goal is proposed.
description: latex 8 pages; one reference corrected; to appear in the Proc. of the Int'l Conf. on "The Physics of Excited Nucleons" (NSTAR '04), Grenoble (France), March 24-027, 2004
CI and CO in the nearby spiral galaxies IC 342 and Maffei 2
Creators: name: Israel, F. P.
name: Baas, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present J=2-1, J=3-2, J=4-3 12CO and 492 GHz [CI] maps as well as J=2-1 and J=3-2 13CO measurements of the central regions in the nearby Sc galaxies IC 342 and Maffei 2. In both galaxies, the distribution of CO and [CI] is strongly concentrated towards the modest starburst centers. Both galaxies have nearly identical 12CO transitional ratios but the relative intensities of their 13CO and [CI] emission lines differ significantly and require modelling with a multi-component molecular gas. Both have a dense component (n(H2) = 10**4 - 10**5 cm**-3) with kinetic temperatures T(kin) = 10 - 20 K (IC 342) or 20 - 60 K (Maffei 2), and a less dense (IC 342: a few hundred cm**-3 at most; Maffei 2: about 3 x 10**3 cm**-3 and hotter (T(kin) = 100 - 150 K) component. In both galaxies, neutral and ionized atomic carbon amounts are between 1.5 and 2.5 times those of CO, and in both about half to two thirds of the molecular gas mass is associated with a hot PDR phase. Within R = 0.25 kpc, the center of IC 342 contains an (atomic and molecular) gas mass of 1 x 10**7 M(sun) and a peak face-on gas mass density of about 70 M(sun) pc**-2. For Maffei 2 these numbers are less clearly defined, mainly because of its uncertain distance and carbon abundance. We find a gass mass M(gas) > 0.5 x 10**7 M(sun) and a peak face-on gas mass density of about 35 M(sun) pc**-2.
description: 11 pages; accepted by astronomy and Astrophysics
Living Breakwaters : Archival Project and Aerial Photography Study
Creators: name: Garcia, Gabriela
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2019

description: The Archival Project and Aerial Photography Study is a subproject (SP1) of the Living Break-waters Resilience Project (LBRP). Disclaimer: “UBC SEEDS provides students with the opportunity to share the findings of their studies, as well as their opinions, conclusions and recommendations with the UBC community. The reader should bear in mind that this is a student project/report and is not an official document of UBC. Furthermore readers should bear in mind that these reports may not reflect the current status of activities at UBC. We urge you to contact the research persons mentioned in a report or the SEEDS Coordinator about the current status of the subject matter of a project/report.”
Deterministic and controllable photonic scattering media via direct laser writing
Creators: name: Marakis, E.
name: Uppu, R.
name: Meretska, M. L.
name: Gorter, K. J.
name: Vos, W. L.
name: Pinkse, P. W. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Photonic scattering materials, such as biological tissue and white paper, are made of randomly positioned nanoscale inhomogeneities in refractive index that lead to multiple scattering of light. Typically these materials, both naturally-occurring or man-made, are formed through self assembly of the scattering inhomogeneities, which imposes challenges in tailoring the disorder and hence the optical properties. Here, We report on the nanofabrication of photonic scattering media using direct laser writing with deterministic design. These deterministic scattering media consist of submicron thick polymer nanorods that are randomly oriented within a cubic volume. We study the total transmission of light as a function of the number density of rods and of the sample thickness to extract the scattering and transport mean free paths using radiative transfer theory. Such photonic scattering media with deterministic and controllable properties are model systems for fundamental light scattering in particular with strong anisotropy and offer new applications in solid-state lighting and photovoltaics.
description: 18 pages, 9 figures
Eleodes neomexicanus Blaisdell 1909
Creators: name: Triplehorn, Charles A.
name: Thomas, Donald B.
name: Rile, Edward G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Tenebrionidae
Eleodes
Eleodes neomexicanus

description: Eleodes neomexicanus Blaisdell, 1909
(Fig. 5, Map 15)
 Diagnosis. The dull luster and densely tuberculate elytra without costae will separate this species from others in the tricostatus group. This species was originally described as a subspecies of E. pedinoides. Length: 18–23 mm.
 Distribution. The only Texas record for this species is Van Horn (Culberson County). As the name implies, the type locality is in New Mexico. Even there it is rarely collected.
description: Published as part of Triplehorn, Charles A., Thomas, Donald B. & Rile, Edward G., 2009, The Genus Eleodes Eschscholtz (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) In Texas, pp. 413-437 in The Coleopterists Bulletin 63 (4) on page 418, DOI: 10.1649/1177.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4924379
Probabilities and Strategies in the Play of the Cards at the Game of Bridge
Creators: name: Horden, Martin M.
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Contract Bridge is a game of cards wherein the outcome is dependent upon the player's skill in analyzing situations based on chance occurrences. The fact that it is a game between opposing interests brings Game Theory into optimum play. (Optimum is defined as the method which has the greatest expectation of success.) Whenever chance plays a major role in any scientific investigation, the Theory of Probability applies to its utmost. The integration of both mathematics and statistics into the realm of card play is the foundation upon which this thesis rests.
Phase diagrams of classical spin fluids: the influence of an external magnetic field on the liquid-gas transition
Creators: name: Fenz, W.
name: Folk, R.
name: Mryglod, I. M.
name: Omelyan, I. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The influence of an external magnetic field on the liquid-gas phase transition in Ising, XY, and Heisenberg spin fluid models is studied using a modified mean field theory and Gibbs ensemble Monte Carlo simulations. It is demonstrated that the theory is able to reproduce quantitatively all characteristic features of the field dependence of the critical temperature T_c(H) for all the three models. These features include a monotonic decrease of T_c with rising H in the case of the Ising fluid as well as a more complicated nonmonotonic behavior for the XY and Heisenberg models. The nonmonotonicity consists in a decrease of T_c with increasing H at weak external fields, an increase of T_c with rising H in the strong field regime, and the existence of a minimum in T_c(H) at intermediate values of H. Analytical expressions for T_c(H) in the large field limit are presented as well. The magnetic para-ferro phase transition is also considered in simulations and described within the mean field theory.
description: 14 pages, 12 figures (to be submitted to Phys. Rev. E)
Eleodes pedinoides LeConte 1858
Creators: name: Triplehorn, Charles A.
name: Thomas, Donald B.
name: Rile, Edward G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Tenebrionidae
Eleodes
Eleodes pedinoides

description: Eleodes pedinoides LeConte, 1858
(Fig. 4, Map 3)
 Diagnosis. Similar in shape to E. tricostatus, but glabrous and shining. The pronotum is widest at the middle and about twice as wide as the head. The elytra are sulcate, the intervals convex; there are usually acute tubercles laterally and apically. Length: 19–26 mm.
 Distribution. Fairly common in the lower Rio Grande Valley (Cameron, Hidalgo, Starr counties) and has been collected as far north as King County. It also occurs in the border states of Mexico (Coahuila, Nuevo León, and Tamaulipas).
 Figs. 1–6. 1) Eleodes debilis, 2) E. carbonarius, 3) E. tricostatus, 4) E. pedinoides, 5) E. neomexicanus, 6) E. wenzeli.
description: Published as part of Triplehorn, Charles A., Thomas, Donald B. & Rile, Edward G., 2009, The Genus Eleodes Eschscholtz (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) In Texas, pp. 413-437 in The Coleopterists Bulletin 63 (4) on pages 418-419, DOI: 10.1649/1177.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4924379
The Boltzmann Entropy for Dense Fluids Not in Local Equilibrium
Creators: name: Garrido, P. L.
name: Goldstein, S.
name: Lebowitz, J. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate, via computer simulations, the time evolution of the (Boltzmann) entropy of a dense fluid not in local equilibrium. The macrovariables $M$ describing the system are the (empirical) particle density $f=\{f(\un{x},\un{v})\}$ and the total energy $E$. We find that $S(f_t,E)$ is monotone increasing in time even when its kinetic part is decreasing. We argue that for isolated Hamiltonian systems monotonicity of $S(M_t) = S(M_{X_t})$ should hold generally for ``typical'' (the overwhelming majority of) initial microstates (phase-points) $X_0$ belonging to the initial macrostate $M_0$, satisfying $M_{X_0} = M_0$. This is a direct consequence of Liouville's theorem when $M_t$ evolves autonomously.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures. Submitted to PRL
Additional file 1 of A multicenter experience using adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell therapy for cats with chronic, non-responsive gingivostomatitis
Creators: name: Arzi, Boaz
name: Peralta, Santiago
name: Fiani, Nadine
name: Vapniarsky, Natalia
name: Nopmanee Taechangam
name: Delatorre, Ubaldo
name: Clark, Kaitlin C.
name: Walker, Naomi J.
name: Loscar, Megan R.
name: Milinda J. Lommer
name: Fulton, Amy
name: Battig, Jean
name: Borjesson, Dori L.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 1. Initial evaluation form: Stomatitis Disease Activity Index.
Effective Stringy Description of Schwarzschild Black Holes
Creators: name: Krasnov, Kirill
name: Solodukhin, Sergey N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We start by pointing out that certain Riemann surfaces appear rather naturally in the context of wave equations in the black hole background. For a given black hole there are two closely related surfaces. One is the Riemann surface of complexified ``tortoise'' coordinate. The other Riemann surface appears when the radial wave equation is interpreted as the Fuchsian differential equation. We study these surfaces in detail for the BTZ and Schwarzschild black holes in four and higher dimensions. Topologically, in all cases both surfaces are a sphere with a set of marked points; for BTZ and 4D Schwarzschild black holes there is 3 marked points. In certain limits the surfaces can be characterized very explicitly. We then show how properties of the wave equation (quasi-normal modes) in such limits are encoded in the geometry of the corresponding surfaces. In particular, for the Schwarzschild black hole in the high damping limit we describe the Riemann surface in question and use this to derive the quasi-normal mode frequencies with the log(3) as the real part. We then argue that the surfaces one finds this way signal an appearance of an effective string. We propose that a description of this effective string propagating in the black hole background can be given in terms of the Liouville theory living on the corresponding Riemann surface. We give such a stringy description for the Schwarzschild black hole in the limit of high damping and show that the quasi-normal modes emerge naturally as the poles in 3-point correlation function in the effective conformal theory.
description: 27 pages, 9 figures; v2: references added, small correction; v3: small corrections
Pictorial History of Northwestern University's Medical Schools
Creators: name: Sims, Ronald H
Publisher: name: DigitalHub. Galter Health Sciences Library
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Northwestern University Medical School
subject: Chicago AreaMedical Archivists. Medical History Symposium (2010 : Northwestern Memorial Hospital)
subject: Schools, Medical
subject: History of Medicine
subject: Northwestern University (Evanston, Ill.). Medical School
subject: Feinberg School of Medicine
subject: Lind University. Medical Department
subject: Chicago Medical College
subject: Chicago (Ill.)
subject: Schools, Medical/history

description: Presentation at the 8th Chicago Area Medical Archivists (CAMA) medical history symposium, October 27, 2010, Pritzker Auditorium, Northwestern Memorial Hospital 251 E. Huron Street, 3rd floor, Chicago, IL.
description: Through images and photographs, this presentation provides highlights in the historical timeline of Northwestern University's medical schools that evolved into the present-day Feinberg School of Medicine.
description: presentation_location: Chicago, Illinois, United States
description: original_citation: Sims, Ronald H., Pictorial History of Northwestern University's Medical Schools [presentation], October 27, 2010, Chicago, IL.
The Archimedean trap: Why traditional reinforcement learning will probably not yield AGI
Creators: name: Alexander, Samuel Allen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 97R40

description: After generalizing the Archimedean property of real numbers in such a way as to make it adaptable to non-numeric structures, we demonstrate that the real numbers cannot be used to accurately measure non-Archimedean structures. We argue that, since an agent with Artificial General Intelligence (AGI) should have no problem engaging in tasks that inherently involve non-Archimedean rewards, and since traditional reinforcement learning rewards are real numbers, therefore traditional reinforcement learning probably will not lead to AGI. We indicate two possible ways traditional reinforcement learning could be altered to remove this roadblock.
description: 16 pages
Eleodes tricostatus
Creators: name: Triplehorn, Charles A.
name: Thomas, Donald B.
name: Rile, Edward G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Tenebrionidae
Eleodes
Eleodes tricostatus

description: Eleodes tricostatus (Say, 1823)
(Fig. 3, Map 2)
 Diagnosis. Because of its dull color and depressed fusiform shape, this is a very distinctive, easily recognized species. The body is dorso-ventrally compressed, oblong-oval, somewhat parallel-sided, dull in luster, with three discal, one sutural, and a marginal costa on each elytron. The elytral intervals are sparsely clothed with minute recumbent setae. The elytra are widest at the base, thereafter narrowing to the apex. Length: 13–23 mm.
 Distribution. Generally distributed and common in Texas, this is the most widespread member of the genus, ranging from Canada to Mexico, as far west as Arizona and Montana and as far east as Wisconsin and Minnesota. It is a garden pest throughout its range (Parks 1918) and a pest of wheat in the prairie states where it is called the ‘‘false wireworm’’ (Calkins and Kirk 1975). Maxwell and Young (1998) provide a good overview of the biology and distribution of this species.
description: Published as part of Triplehorn, Charles A., Thomas, Donald B. & Rile, Edward G., 2009, The Genus Eleodes Eschscholtz (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) In Texas, pp. 413-437 in The Coleopterists Bulletin 63 (4) on pages 419-420, DOI: 10.1649/1177.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4924379
Additional file 1 of The relative importance of frailty, physical and cardiovascular function as exercise-modifiable predictors of falls in haemodialysis patients: a prospective cohort study
Creators: name: Zanotto, Tobia
name: Mercer, Thomas H.
name: Linden, Marietta L. Van Der
name: Rush, Robert
name: Traynor, Jamie P.
name: Petrie, Colin J.
name: Doyle, Arthur
name: Chalmers, Karen
name: Allan, Nicola
name: Shilliday, Ilona
name: Koufaki, Pelagia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Multicollinearity analysis: correlations among baroreflex function variables; Table S2. Negative binomial regression analysis: sensitivity analyses.
The central image of a gravitationally lensed quasar
Creators: name: Winn, Joshua N.
name: Rusin, David
name: Kochanek, Christopher S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A galaxy can act as a gravitational lens, producing multiple images of a background object. Theory predicts there should be an odd number of images but, paradoxically, almost all observed lenses have 2 or 4 images. The missing image should be faint and appear near the galaxy's center. These ``central images'' have long been sought as probes of galactic cores too distant to resolve with ordinary observations. There are five candidates, but in one case the third image is not necessarily a central image, and in the others, the central component might be a foreground source rather than a lensed image. Here we report the most secure identification of a central image, based on radio observations of PMN J1632-0033, one of the latter candidates. Lens models incorporating the central image show that the mass of the lens galaxy's central black hole is less than 2 x 10^8 M_sun, and the galaxy's surface density at the location of the central image is more than 20,000 M_sun per square parsec, in agreement with expectations based on observations of galaxies hundreds of times closer to the Earth.
description: Nature, in press [7 pp, 2 figs]. Standard media embargo applies before publication
title: Application of High T/High P Rock Mechanics to the Problem of Extraction of Granitic Magma from its Protolith
Creators: name: Neumann, Ditta Hildegard Katharina
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 1995

description: The mechanical deformation behaviour of a partially molten granitic protolith is investigated, implications towards a mechanism for extraction of low melt percentages («30 %) are mathematically explored.

 For this purpose a series of experiments on Westerly granite (with no added water) are presented in which samples were heated to temperatures between 800 and 1200 °C, at a confining pressure of 250 MPa. Samples were uniaxially deformed to study the effects of constant strain-rate (4 * 10-4 to 2 * 10-7 s-1), creep and stress relaxation tests on the mechanical behaviour. The volumetric percentage of melt (Φ) in samples ranged from 3 % at 800 °C to 77 % a t 1200 °C at heating times between 2.5 and 170 hours. However, none of the samples attained chemical equilibrium, due to the short duration of tests. An equilibrium melt percentage was also not reached. Over this temperature interval the supported strength decreased from 500 MPa to less than 1 MPa (at a constant strain rate of 8 * 10-5 s-1) monotonically. No step-like drop in strength, corresponding to a rheological critical melt percentage (van der Molen & Paterson 1979) was observed. A preliminary flow law for the partially molten rock was obtained to allow extrapolation to lower strain-rates. The viscosity of the melt was estimated at 950 and 1000 °C from distances it could be made to permeate into porous sand under a known pressure gradient. Melt distribution in static tests indicated a very low wetting angle (< 5°) which results in high melt contiguity even at low melt percentages along grain boundaries.

 Under all conditions, the solid phases deformed by brittle fracture only. Samples with 3 < Φ < 10 % failed by forming a macroscopic, cataclastic fault zone and associated axial cracks with voids in-filled by melt. Samples with 10 < Φ < 45% deformed by pervasive cataclastic flow. Melt was extruded into low pressure regions such as axial cracks in the piston shadows and between sample and jacket. These microstructures are interpreted to occur due to shear enhanced compaction of melt filled voids by analogy with uniaxial compaction of porous sands. In samples with Φ > 45 % grains were carried about passively in the flowing liquid.

 A simple mathematical model is erected to describe a two stage process of extracting low volume percentage, granitic melt from its partially molten protolith with the aid of non-hydrostatic stress. Shear-enhanced compaction drives melt from the protolith into a series of interconnected melt-filled veins, whereupon porous flow through the high-permeability vein network allows rapid drainage of melt to higher crustal levels. Modeling suggests that melt extraction, with Φ< 10 % and a melt viscosity of 10 11 Pas, is possible within geologically realistic time periods (10 Ma).