cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Sensitivity to Energy Technology Costs: A Multi-model Comparison Analysis
Creators: name: Bosetti, Valentina
name: Marangoni, Giacomo
name: Borgonovo, Emanuele
name: Diaz Anadon, Laura
name: Barron, Robert
name: McJeon, Haewon C.
name: Politis, Savvas
name: Friley, Paul
name: Bosetti, Valentina
name: Marangoni, Giacomo
name: Borgonovo, Emanuele
name: Diaz Anadon, Laura
name: Barron, Robert
name: McJeon, Haewon C.
name: Politis, Savvas
name: Friley, Paul
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Sensitivity Analysis
subject: Integrated Assessment models
subject: Expert elicitation
subject: Technology Cost

description: In the present paper we use the output of multiple expert elicitation surveys on the future cost of key low-carbon technologies and use it as input of three Integrated Assessment models, GCAM, MARKAL_US and WITCH. By means of a large set of simulations we aim to assess the implications of these subjective distributions of technological costs over key model outputs. We are able to detect what sources of technology uncertainty are more influential, how this differs across models, and whether and how results are affected by the time horizon, the metric considered or the stringency of the climate policy. In unconstrained emission scenarios, within the range of future technology performances considered in the present analysis, the cost of nuclear energy is shown to dominate all others in affecting future emissions. Climate-constrained scenarios, stress the relevance, in addition to that of nuclear energy, of biofuels, as they represent the main source of decarbonization of the transportation sector and bioenergy, since the latter can be coupled with Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) to produce negative emissions.
FastContext: an efficient and scalable implementation of the ConText algorithm
Creators: name: Shi, Jianlin
name: Hurdle, John F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Objective: To develop and evaluate FastContext, an efficient, scalable implementation of the ConText algorithm suitable for very large-scale clinical natural language processing. Background: The ConText algorithm performs with state-of-art accuracy in detecting the experiencer, negation status, and temporality of concept mentions in clinical narratives. However, the speed limitation of its current implementations hinders its use in big data processing. Methods: We developed FastContext through hashing the ConText's rules, then compared its speed and accuracy with JavaConText and GeneralConText, two widely used Java implementations. Results: FastContext ran two orders of magnitude faster and was less decelerated by rule increase than the other two implementations used in this study for comparison. Additionally, FastContext consistently gained accuracy improvement as the rules increased (the desired outcome of adding new rules), while the other two implementations did not. Conclusions: FastContext is an efficient, scalable implementation of the popular ConText algorithm, suitable for natural language applications on very large clinical corpora.
Spontaneous loss of chronic HBV infection markers in treatment-naïve children: a systematic review and pooled meta-analyses
Creators: name: Yang, Yuting
name: Huang, Ailong
name: Zhao, Yao
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: Objectives: Chronicity could be a serious threat to hepatitis B virus (HBV)-infected children. The necessity of antiviral treatment to HBV-infected children has caused much controversy. The authors aimed to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of synthesized evidence regarding the spontaneous loss of chronic HBV infection markers in treatment-naïve children for exploring their long-term management. Methods: Observational cohort studies and non-treatment arms of randomized controlled trials were searched that reported the spontaneous loss of chronic HBV infection markers in untreated children (characterized by the presence of HBsAg ≥6-month), via the rates of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) loss, hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) seroconversion, and HBV DNA suppression with random-effects model. Results: Of 7,427 studies screened, 20 were included in meta-analysis. With cumulative 23,153 person-years of follow-up, the pooled annual incidences of HBsAg and HBeAg loss, HBV DNA suppression were 1, 6, 7%, respectively. Rates within HBeAg loss and HBV DNA suppression did differ by the transmission modes and ALT levels, not in HBsAg. Conclusion: Spontaneous HBsAg loss (function cure) occurs infrequently in treatment-naïve children with chronic HBV infection. Design of practically applicable programs aiming at therapeutics of children may be necessary to support the goal of eliminating HBV infection worldwide.
Rheumatobates klagei Schroeder 1931
Creators: name: Moreira, Felipe Ferraz Figueiredo
name: Barbosa, Julianna Freires
name: Ribeiro, José Ricardo Inacio
name: Alecrim, Viviani Pereira
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Gerridae
Rheumatobates
Rheumatobates klagei

description: Rheumatobates klagei Schroeder, 1931
Geographical distribution: Brazil and Peru.
Distribution in Brazil: North Region (PA, AM) (Schroeder 1931; Hungerford 1954; Nieser 1970c).
description: Published as part of Moreira, Felipe Ferraz Figueiredo, Barbosa, Julianna Freires, Ribeiro, José Ricardo Inacio & Alecrim, Viviani Pereira, 2011, Checklist and distribution of semiaquatic and aquatic Heteroptera (Gerromorpha and Nepomorpha) occurring in Brazil 2958, pp. 1-74 in Zootaxa 2958 (1) on page 10, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2958.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5281851
BLOG: Coming Soon - ORCID Japan Consortium!
Creators: name: Mori, Masao
Publisher: name: ORCID
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Information Systems
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We’re excited to announce that a national ORCID consortium will be launched in Japan in early 2020. The ORCID Japan Steering Committee Chair, Dr Masao Mori, shares more about the consortium’s evolution and plans in this guest post.
On the enlargement of habitable zones around binary stars in hostile environments
Creators: name: Georgakarakos, Nikolaos
name: Eggl, Siegfried
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the hypothesis that the size of the habitable zone around hardened binaries in dense star-forming regions increases. Our results indicate that this hypothesis is essentially incorrect. Although certain binary star configurations permit extended habitable zones, such setups typically require all orbits in a system to be near circular. In all other cases planets can only remain habitable if they display an extraordinarily high climate inertia.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS Letters
The Impacts of Oil Price Shocks on Stock Market Volatility: Evidence from the G7 Countries
Creators: name: Bastianin, Andrea
name: Conti, Francesca
name: Manera, Matteo
name: Bastianin, Andrea
name: Conti, Francesca
name: Manera, Matteo
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Volatility
subject: Oil Price Shocks
subject: Oil Price
subject: Stock Prices
subject: Structural VAR

description: We study the effects of crude oil price shocks on the stock market volatility of the G7 economies. We rely on a structural VAR model to identify the causes underlying the oil price shocks and gauge the differential impact that oil supply and oil demand innovations have on financial volatility. We show that stock market volatility does not respond to oil supply shocks. On the contrary, demand shocks impact significantly on the variability of the G7 stock markets.
Efficient calculation of magnetocrystalline anisotropy energy using symmetry-adapted Wannier functions
Creators: name: Saito, Hiroto
name: Koretsune, Takashi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetocrystalline anisotropy, a crucial factor in magnetic properties and applications like magnetoresistive random-access memory, often requires extensive $k$-point mesh in first-principles calculations. In this study, we develop a Wannier orbital tight-binding model incorporating crystal and spin symmetries and utilize time-reversal symmetry to divide magnetization components. This model enables efficient computation of magnetocrystalline anisotropy. Applying this method to $\mathrm{L1_0}$ $\mathrm{FePt}$ and $\mathrm{FeNi}$, we calculate the dependence of the anisotropic energy on $k$-point mesh size, chemical potential, spin-orbit interaction, and magnetization direction. The results validate the practicality of the models to the energy order of $10~[\mathrm{μeV}/f.u.]$.
The Impacts of Exogenous Oil Supply Shocks on Mediterranean Economies
Creators: name: Bastianin, Andrea
name: Galeotti, Marzio
name: Manera, Matteo
name: Bastianin, Andrea
name: Galeotti, Marzio
name: Manera, Matteo
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Oil Supply Shocks
subject: Mediterranean
subject: Growth

description: The security of energy supply is a key geopolitical factor in the relationship between the European Union and the southern neighborhood countries of the Middle East and North Africa region. We study the response of eight Mediterranean economies to exogenous oil supply shocks. We focus on the effects on economic activity - as measured by real Gross Value Added - for the whole economy, as well as for selected industries. We show that there are clear patterns characterizing the response of different economies to an unexpected reduction in global oil production. The main determinants of these patterns are the degree of energy intensity and energy dependence of the country, as well as the composition of its Gross Value Added.
External charge perturbation in a flowing plasma and electrostatic turbulence
Creators: name: Das, Mridusmita
name: Bora, Madhurjya P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, an 1D electrostatic hybrid-Particle-in-Cell-Monte-Carlo-Collisionh-PIC-MCC) code is used to study the response of a plasma to a moving, external, charged perturbation (debris). We show that the so-called pinned solitons can form only under certain specific conditions through a turbulent regime of the ion-ion counter-streaming electrostatic instability (IICSI). In fact, the pinned solitons are manifestation of the ion phase-space vortices formed around the debris. The simulation shows that the pinned solitons can form only when the debris charge density exceeds a certain value causing the counter-streaming ion velocity to exceed a critical velocity, pushing the instability to a turbulent regime. The effect of debris velocity is also essential for the appearance of pinned soliton as when the debris velocity increases, it causes the widening of the phase space vortices causing well-separated pinned solitons, which merge to form one single soliton when debris velocity reduces to zero. In the opposite extreme, when debris velocity becomes highly supersonic, the vortices are widened up to a limit causing the pinned solitons to disappear altogether. We further show the existence of a Kolmogorov-type energy cascade scaling for this electrostatic turbulence.
description: 18 pages, 8 figures
Additional file 1 of The effect of a hand hygiene intervention on infections in residents of nursing homes: a cluster randomized controlled trial
Creators: name: Teesing, G. R.
name: J. H. Richardus
name: D. Nieboer
name: M. Petrignani
name: V. Erasmus
name: A. Verduijn-Leenman
name: J. M. G. A. Schols
name: M. P. G. Koopmans
name: M. C. Vos
name: H. A. C. M. Voeten
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1. Weekly incidence detail reports. Table S1. Number of received illness incident reports from nursing home units per study week. Table S2. Number of cases (incidence) of a HAI per unit per week (intervention n=1612 weeks, control n = 1477 weeks).
Image2Flow: A hybrid image and graph convolutional neural network for rapid patient-specific pulmonary artery segmentation and CFD flow field calculation from 3D cardiac MRI data
Creators: name: Yao, Tina
name: Pajaziti, Endrit
name: Quail, Michael
name: Schievano, Silvia
name: Steeden, Jennifer A
name: Muthurangu, Vivek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) can be used for evaluation of hemodynamics. However, its routine use is limited by labor-intensive manual segmentation, CFD mesh creation, and time-consuming simulation. This study aims to train a deep learning model to both generate patient-specific volume-meshes of the pulmonary artery from 3D cardiac MRI data and directly estimate CFD flow fields.
 This study used 135 3D cardiac MRIs from both a public and private dataset. The pulmonary arteries in the MRIs were manually segmented and converted into volume-meshes. CFD simulations were performed on ground truth meshes and interpolated onto point-point correspondent meshes to create the ground truth dataset. The dataset was split 85/10/15 for training, validation and testing. Image2Flow, a hybrid image and graph convolutional neural network, was trained to transform a pulmonary artery template to patient-specific anatomy and CFD values. Image2Flow was evaluated in terms of segmentation and accuracy of CFD predicted was assessed using node-wise comparisons. Centerline comparisons of Image2Flow and CFD simulations performed using machine learning segmentation were also performed.
 Image2Flow achieved excellent segmentation accuracy with a median Dice score of 0.9 (IQR: 0.86-0.92). The median node-wise normalized absolute error for pressure and velocity magnitude was 11.98% (IQR: 9.44-17.90%) and 8.06% (IQR: 7.54-10.41), respectively. Centerline analysis showed no significant difference between the Image2Flow and conventional CFD simulated on machine learning-generated volume-meshes.
 This proof-of-concept study has shown it is possible to simultaneously perform patient specific volume-mesh based segmentation and pressure and flow field estimation. Image2Flow completes segmentation and CFD in ~205ms, which ~7000 times faster than manual methods, making it more feasible in a clinical environment.
description: 22 pages, 7 figures, 3 tables
Preparing for the International Market: Trade in Malt and Malting Barley
Creators: name: Mansell, Gwendolyn G.
name: Wilde, Linda Chase
name: Mansell, Gwendolyn G.
name: Wilde, Linda Chase
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1990
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety

description: The Canadian malting industry is small, but with significant export markets. However, the varieties of Canadian malting barley traditionally grown, 6-rowed, blue aleurone, have limited the export market, since brewers require consistent malt types to produce consistent beer, and mich of the world uses 2-rowed white aleurone varieties. However, Canadian farmers ahve begun to grow 2-rowed, blue aleurone varieties, for which there is greater international demand. A high yielding 2-rowed or 6-rowed white aleurone variety might also expand Canadian malt and malting barley markets. Another factor affecting the Canadian export markets could be the higher protein levels in Canadian barley. A relatively small and protected domestic market, with an oligopolistic market structure at both the malting and brewing industry levels, coupled with extensive regulation of the input and output markets by the Canadian Wheat Board (CWB) and provincial liquor boards, has both hindered and helped the domestic malting industry. The opening up of the Canadian market to be more liberalized trade through the Free Trade Agreement or other means could provide opportunities for Canadian maltsters, but largely throught the restructuring it may improse on the domestic brewing and malting industries. The potential of the international market for growth will be a function of rising incoems and population in areas such as Asian and Latin America. Intense price competition from subsidized European and American barley is a negative factor for Canadian exports. However, the ability of the CWB and Canadian maltsters to develop markets for their malting barley and malt. with its distinctive characteristics is also important. The extent to which Canadian malting barley or more imporantly, malt, is a differentiated product on the world market, and cost factors will determine the future of the Canadian malting barley and malt imdustries.
Exactly solvable models through the empty interval method
Creators: name: Alimohammadi, M.
name: Khorrami, M.
name: Aghamohammadi, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The most general one dimensional reaction-diffusion model with nearest-neighbor interactions, which is exactly-solvable through the empty interval method, has been introduced. Assuming translationally-invariant initial conditions, the probability that $n$ consecutive sites are empty ($E_n$), has been exactly obtained. In the thermodynamic limit, the large-time behavior of the system has also been investigated. Releasing the translational invariance of the initial conditions, the evolution equation for the probability that $n$ consecutive sites, starting from the site $k$, are empty ($E_{k,n}$) is obtained. In the thermodynamic limit, the large time behavior of the system is also considered. Finally, the continuum limit of the model is considered, and the empty-interval probability function is obtained.
description: 12 pages, LaTeX2e
Vortons with Abelian and non-Abelian currents and their stability
Creators: name: Tallarita, Gianni
name: Peterson, Adam
name: Bolognesi, Stefano
name: Bedford, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore vorton solutions in the Witten's $U(1) \times U(1)$ model for cosmic strings and in a modified version $U(1) \times SO(3)$ obtained by introducing a triplet of non-Abelian fields to condense inside the string. We restrict to the case in which the unbroken symmetry in the bulk remains global. The vorton solutions are found numerically for certain choices of parameters and compared with an analytical solutions obtained in the thin vorton limit. We also discuss the vorton decay into Q-rings (or spinning Q-balls) and, to some extent, the time dependent behavior of vortons above the charge threshold.
description: 21 pages, 10 figures
Rheumatobates minimus Drake 1958
Creators: name: Moreira, Felipe Ferraz Figueiredo
name: Barbosa, Julianna Freires
name: Ribeiro, José Ricardo Inacio
name: Alecrim, Viviani Pereira
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Gerridae
Rheumatobates
Rheumatobates minimus

description: Rheumatobates minimus Drake, 1958
Geographical distribution: Brazil and Peru.
Distribution in Brazil: Southeast and South regions (MG, SC) (Polhemus & Spangler 1989).
description: Published as part of Moreira, Felipe Ferraz Figueiredo, Barbosa, Julianna Freires, Ribeiro, José Ricardo Inacio & Alecrim, Viviani Pereira, 2011, Checklist and distribution of semiaquatic and aquatic Heteroptera (Gerromorpha and Nepomorpha) occurring in Brazil 2958, pp. 1-74 in Zootaxa 2958 (1) on page 10, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2958.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5281851
Stress response function of a two-dimensional ordered packing of frictional beads
Creators: name: Breton, Laurent
name: Claudin, Philippe
name: Clément, Éric
name: Zucker, Jean-Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the stress profile of an ordered two-dimensional packing of beads in response to the application of a vertical overload localized at its top surface. Disorder is introduced through the Coulombic friction between the grains which gives some indeterminacy and allows the choice of one constrained random number per grain in the calculation of the contact forces. The so-called `multi-agent' technique we use, lets us deal with systems as large as $1000\times1000$ grains. We show that the average response profile has a double peaked structure. At large depth $z$, the position of these peaks grows with $cz$, while their widths scales like $\sqrt{Dz}$. $c$ and $D$ are analogous to `propagation' and `diffusion' coefficients. Their values depend on that of the friction coefficient $μ$. At small $μ$, we get $c_0-c \propto μ$ and $D \propto μ^β$, with $β\sim 2.5$, which means that the peaks get closer and wider as the disorder gets larger. This behavior is qualitatively what was predicted in a model where a stochastic relation between the stress components is assumed.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures, accepted version to Europhys. Lett
Dismantling Gender Blindness in Online Discussion of a Crime/Gender Dichotomy
Creators: name: Qin, Yigang
name: Duan, Weilun
name: Wu, Qunfang
name: Lu, Zhicong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Contemporary feminists utilize social media for activism, while backlashes come along. The gender-related discourses are often diminished when addressing public events regarding sexism and gender inequality on social media platforms. The dichotomized debate around the Tangshan beating incident in China epitomized how criminal interpretations of gender-related violence became a backlash against feminist expressions. By analyzing posts on Weibo using mixed methods, we describe the emerging discursive patterns around crime and gender, uncovering the inherent gender-blind sexism that refutes feminist discourses on the social platform. We also highlight the critical restrictions facing grassroots feminist activism in Chinese cyberspace and propose implications for the design and research related to digital feminist activism.
description: 31 pages, 3 figures, Accepted for publication in Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction (CSCW 2024)
Additional file 3 of Interactions among mTORC, AMPK and SIRT: a computational model for cell energy balance and metabolism
Creators: name: Sadria, Mehrshad
name: Layton, Anita T.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2. Figure S1. Schematic diagram depicting connections among model components that form the signaling pathways. Figures S2 and S3. Effects of insulin, rapamycin, and wortmannin on key proteins and their interactions. Figure S4. Effect of protein deprivation and subsequent leucine efflux on key model variables, obtained for differing arginine levels. Figure S5. Effect of protein depletion and restoration on key model variables, obtained for differing sestrin2 levels.
BLOG: Time for a website refresh!
Creators: name: Petro, Julie Anne
Publisher: name: ORCID
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Information Systems
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Our website refresh goals are simple yet ambitious: make it effortless for members to understand the value of ORCID and implement it in your systems and workflows, and for researchers to understand the benefits of having and using an ORCID iD.
Additional file 1 of Burden of Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) - a systematic review of the epidemiology of primary and recurrent CDI
Creators: name: Finn, Elaine
name: Andersson, Fredrik L.
name: Madin-Warburton, Matthew
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1.
Additional file 5 of Co-opted transposons help perpetuate conserved higher-order chromosomal structures
Creators: name: Choudhary, Mayank
name: Friedman, Ryan
name: Wang, Julia
name: Jang, Hyo
name: Zhuo, Xiaoyu
name: Wang, Ting
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Information Systems not elsewhere classified
Developmental Biology
Science Policy

description: Review History. This file contains reviewers comments and author responses.
Rheumatobates minutus subsp. flavidus Drake & Harris 1942
Creators: name: Moreira, Felipe Ferraz Figueiredo
name: Barbosa, Julianna Freires
name: Ribeiro, José Ricardo Inacio
name: Alecrim, Viviani Pereira
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Gerridae
Rheumatobates
Rheumatobates minutus
Rheumatobates minutus flavidus drake & harris, 1942

description: Rheumatobates minutus flavidus Drake & Harris, 1942
Geographical distribution: Costa Rica, Panama, Brazil, Peru, Bolivia, and Argentina.
Distribution in Brazil: North and Southeast regions (AM, RO, MG) (Hungerford 1954; Melo & Nieser 2004).
description: Published as part of Moreira, Felipe Ferraz Figueiredo, Barbosa, Julianna Freires, Ribeiro, José Ricardo Inacio & Alecrim, Viviani Pereira, 2011, Checklist and distribution of semiaquatic and aquatic Heteroptera (Gerromorpha and Nepomorpha) occurring in Brazil 2958, pp. 1-74 in Zootaxa 2958 (1) on page 10, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2958.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5281851
Adelie: Continuous Address Space Layout Re-randomization for Linux Drivers
Creators: name: Nikolaev, Ruslan
name: Nadeem, Hassan
name: Stone, Cathlyn
name: Ravindran, Binoy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Operating Systems (cs.OS)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: While address space layout randomization (ASLR) has been extensively studied for user-space programs, the corresponding OS kernel's KASLR support remains very limited, making the kernel vulnerable to just-in-time (JIT) return-oriented programming (ROP) attacks. Furthermore, commodity OSs such as Linux restrict their KASLR range to 32 bits due to architectural constraints (e.g., x86-64 only supports 32-bit immediate operands for most instructions), which makes them vulnerable to even unsophisticated brute-force ROP attacks due to low entropy. Most in-kernel pointers remain static, exacerbating the problem when pointers are leaked. Adelie, our kernel defense mechanism, overcomes KASLR limitations, increases KASLR entropy, and makes successful ROP attacks on the Linux kernel much harder to achieve. First, Adelie enables the position-independent code (PIC) model so that the kernel and its modules can be placed anywhere in the 64-bit virtual address space, at any distance apart from each other. Second, Adelie implements stack re-randomization and address encryption on modules. Finally, Adelie enables efficient continuous KASLR for modules by using the PIC model to make it (almost) impossible to inject ROP gadgets through these modules regardless of gadget's origin. Since device drivers (typically compiled as modules) are often developed by third parties and are typically less tested than core OS parts, they are also often more vulnerable. By fully re-randomizing device drivers, the last two contributions together prevent most JIT ROP attacks since vulnerable modules are very likely to be a starting point of an attack. Furthermore, some OS instances in virtualized environments are specifically designated to run device drivers, where drivers are the primary target of JIT ROP attacks. Our evaluation shows high efficiency of Adelie's approach. [full abstract is in the paper]
description: 27th ACM International Conference on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems (ASPLOS '22), February 28 - March 4, 2022, Lausanne, Switzerland
Additional file 1 of The association between silica exposure, silicosis and tuberculosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Ehrlich, Rodney
name: Akugizibwe, Paula
name: Nandi Siegfried
name: Rees, David
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Search strings. Table S2. Newcastle-Ottawa quality assessment scales. Table S3. Exclusions on full article. Supplementary Note: Consideration of confounding and bias. Table S4. Potential confounders of the association between silica, silicosis and tuberculosis. Table S5. E-values for potential confounders of the association between silicosis and tuberculosis.
Evaluating Local Geometric Feature Representations for 3D Rigid Data Matching
Creators: name: Yang, Jiaqi
name: Quan, Siwen
name: Wang, Peng
name: Zhang, Yanning
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Local geometric descriptors remain an essential component for 3D rigid data matching and fusion. The devise of a rotational invariant local geometric descriptor usually consists of two steps: local reference frame (LRF) construction and feature representation. Existing evaluation efforts have mainly been paid on the LRF or the overall descriptor, yet the quantitative comparison of feature representations remains unexplored. This paper fills this gap by comprehensively evaluating nine state-of-the-art local geometric feature representations. Our evaluation is on the ground that ground-truth LRFs are leveraged such that the ranking of tested feature representations are more convincing as opposed to existing studies. The experiments are deployed on six standard datasets with various application scenarios (shape retrieval, point cloud registration, and object recognition) and data modalities (LiDAR, Kinect, and Space Time) as well as perturbations including Gaussian noise, shot noise, data decimation, clutter, occlusion, and limited overlap. The evaluated terms cover the major concerns for a feature representation, e.g., distinctiveness, robustness, compactness, and efficiency. The outcomes present interesting findings that may shed new light on this community and provide complementary perspectives to existing evaluations on the topic of local geometric feature description. A summary of evaluated methods regarding their peculiarities is also presented to guide real-world applications and new descriptor crafting.
Metallicity distributions of globular cluster systems in galaxies
Creators: name: Eerik, Helina
name: Tenjes, Peeter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We collected a sample of 100 galaxies for which different observers have determined colour indices of globular cluster candidates. The sample includes representatives of galaxies of various morphological types and different luminosities. Colour indices (in most cases (V-I), but also (B-I) and (C-T1)) were transformed into metallicities [Fe/H] according to a relation by Kissler-Patig (1998). These data were analysed with the KMM software in order to estimate similarity of the distribution with uni- or bimodal Gaussian distribution. We found that 45 of 100 systems have bimodal metallicity distributions. Mean metallicity of the metal-poor component for these galaxies is = -1.40\pm 0.02, of the metal-rich component = -0.69 \pm 0.03. Dispersions of the distributions are 0.15 and 0.18, respectively. Distribution of unimodal metallicities is rather wide. These data will be analysed in a subsequent paper in order to find correlations with parameters of galaxies and galactic environment.
description: 8 pages, 12 eps figures, Astron. Nachr. submitted
Metrobates laetus Drake 1954
Creators: name: Moreira, Felipe Ferraz Figueiredo
name: Barbosa, Julianna Freires
name: Ribeiro, José Ricardo Inacio
name: Alecrim, Viviani Pereira
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Gerridae
Metrobates
Metrobates laetus

description: Metrobates laetus Drake, 1954
Geographical distribution: Brazil.
Distribution in Brazil: Southeast Region (ES) (Drake 1954).
description: Published as part of Moreira, Felipe Ferraz Figueiredo, Barbosa, Julianna Freires, Ribeiro, José Ricardo Inacio & Alecrim, Viviani Pereira, 2011, Checklist and distribution of semiaquatic and aquatic Heteroptera (Gerromorpha and Nepomorpha) occurring in Brazil 2958, pp. 1-74 in Zootaxa 2958 (1) on page 10, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2958.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5281851
Additional file 1 of Barriers and facilitators to implementing the CURE stop smoking project: a qualitative study
Creators: name: Wearn, Angela
name: Haste, Anna
name: Haighton, Catherine
name: Mallion, Verity
name: Rodrigues, Angela M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Topic Guides.
Explaining the ANITA events by a $L_e-L_τ$ gauge model
Creators: name: Esmaili, Arman
name: Farzan, Yasaman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ANITA experiment has registered two anomalous events that can be interpreted as $ν_τ$ or $\barν_τ$ with a very high energy of $\mathcal{O}(0.6)$~EeV emerging from deep inside the Earth. At such high energies, the Earth is opaque to neutrinos so the emergence of these neutrinos at such large zenith angles is a mystery. In our paper, we present a model that explains the two anomalous events through a $L_e -L_τ$ gauge interaction involving two new Weyl fermions charged under the new gauge symmetry. We find that, as a bonus of the model, the lighter Weyl fermion can be a dark matter component. We discuss how the ANITA observation can be reconciled with the IceCube and Auger upper bounds. We also demonstrate how this model can be tested in future by collider experiments.
description: 17 pages, 4 figures; v2: discussion on production mechanism expanded, matches the published version
Flavour-symmetry breaking of the quark condensate and chiral corrections to the Gell-Mann-Oakes-Renner relation
Creators: name: Jamin, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The relation between the chiral quark condensate in QCD sum rules and chiral perturbation theory is clarified with the help of a low-energy theorem for the scalar and pseudoscalar correlation functions. It is found that the quark condensate should be identified with the non-normal-ordered vacuum expectation value of quark-antiquark fields. Utilising results on flavour SU(3) breaking of the quark condensate from QCD sum rules, the unphysical low-energy constant H_2^r in the chiral Lagrangian, as well as next-to-leading order corrections to the Gell-Mann-Oakes-Renner relation are estimated.
description: 12 pages, discussion of Psi(0) determinations corrected, refs. added
The stochastic relativistic advection diffusion equation from the Metropolis algorithm
Creators: name: Basar, Gokce
name: Bhambure, Jay
name: Singh, Rajeev
name: Teaney, Derek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study an approach to simulating the stochastic relativistic advection-diffusion equation based on the Metropolis algorithm. We show that the dissipative dynamics of the boosted fluctuating fluid can be simulated by making random transfers of charge between fluid cells, interspersed with ideal hydrodynamic time steps. The random charge transfers are accepted or rejected in a Metropolis step using the entropy as a statistical weight. This procedure reproduces the expected strains of dissipative relativistic hydrodynamics in a specific (and non-covariant) hydrodynamic frame known as the density frame. Numerical results, both with and without noise, are presented and compared to relativistic kinetics and analytical expectations. An all order resummation of the density frame gradient expansion reproduces the covariant dynamics in a specific model. In contrast to all other numerical approaches to relativistic dissipative fluids, the dissipative fluid formalism presented here is strictly first order in gradients and has no non-hydrodynamic modes. The physical naturalness and simplicity of the Metropolis algorithm, together with its convergence properties, make it a promising tool for simulating stochastic relativistic fluids in heavy ion collisions and for critical phenomena in the relativistic domain.
description: 30 pages, 6 figures. Version 2 discusses flow fields depending on space and time
Additional file 5: of Co-opted transposons help perpetuate conserved higher-order chromosomal structures
Creators: name: Choudhary, Mayank
name: Friedman, Ryan
name: Wang, Julia
name: Jang, Hyo
name: Zhuo, Xiaoyu
name: Wang, Ting
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Information Systems not elsewhere classified
Developmental Biology
Science Policy

description: Review History. This file contains reviewers comments and author responses.
Open Pharma position statement on open access
Creators: name: Sabir, Sarah
name: Winchester, Chris
name: Skobe, Catherine
name: Rains, Chris
name: Newman, Julie
name: Baltzer, Lise
name: Philippon, Valerie
Publisher: name: Open Pharma
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 111503 Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 111705 Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 111709 Health Care Administration
subject: 119999 Medical and Health Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Other medical sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Open Pharma position statement on open access
Metrobates plaumanni subsp. genikos Nieser 1993
Creators: name: Moreira, Felipe Ferraz Figueiredo
name: Barbosa, Julianna Freires
name: Ribeiro, José Ricardo Inacio
name: Alecrim, Viviani Pereira
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Gerridae
Metrobates
Metrobates plaumanni
Metrobates plaumanni genikos nieser, 1993

description: Metrobates plaumanni genikos Nieser, 1993
Geographical distribution: Brazil.
Distribution in Brazil: Southeast Region (MG) (Nieser 1993).
description: Published as part of Moreira, Felipe Ferraz Figueiredo, Barbosa, Julianna Freires, Ribeiro, José Ricardo Inacio & Alecrim, Viviani Pereira, 2011, Checklist and distribution of semiaquatic and aquatic Heteroptera (Gerromorpha and Nepomorpha) occurring in Brazil 2958, pp. 1-74 in Zootaxa 2958 (1) on page 10, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2958.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5281851
Hydrodynamic fluctuations in the Kolmogorov flow: Nonlinear regime
Creators: name: Bena, I.
name: Baras, F.
name: Mansour, M. Malek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a previous paper [I. Bena, M. Malek Mansour, and F. Baras, ``Hydrodynamic fluctuations in the Kolmogorov flow: Linear regime", Phys. Rev. E 59, 5503 - 5510 (1999)] the statistical properties of the linearized Kolmogorov flow have been studied, using the formalism of fluctuating hydrodynamics. In this paper the nonlinear regime is considered, with emphasis on the statistical properties of the flow near the first instability. The normal form amplitude equation is derived for the case of an incompressible fluid and the velocity field is constructed explicitly above (but closed to) the instability. The relative simplicity of this flow allows one to analyze the compressible case as well. Using a perturbative technique, it is shown that close to the instability threshold the stochastic dynamics of the system is governed by two coupled non linear Langevin equations in the Fourier space. The solution of these equations can becast into the exponential of a Landau Ginzburg functional, which proves to be identical to the one obtained for the case of the incompressible fluid. The theoretical predictions are confirmed by numerical simulations of the nonlinear fluctuating hydrodynamic equations.
description: 28 pages, 5 figures
Fractional monitoring of desert vegetation degradation, recovery, and greening using optimized multi-endmembers spectral mixture analysis in a dryland basin of Northwest China
Creators: name: Chen, Yaoliang
name: Huang, Xiaotao
name: Huang, Jingfeng
name: Liu, Shanshan
name: Lu, Dengsheng
name: Zhao, Shuai
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology

description: Accurate identification of desert vegetation dynamics in arid regions is challenging because of its complex composition of grass species, obscure boundary with non-desert vegetation, and high sensitiveness to climatic variations. This study examined the ability of optimized multi-endmember spectral mixture analysis (MESMA) for monitoring desert vegetation degradation, recovery, and greening in a dryland basin of Northwest China using Landsat time series data from the 1990s to 2016. Eight modeled endmember fractions were generated using the best endmember model with the lowest fraction error and root mean square error (RMSE). Abundances of non-desert vegetation, desert vegetation, soil, and impervious surface areas were incorporated based on the eight original fractions and validated using high spatial resolution images. Finally, the post-classification comparison approach was used to detect desert vegetation degradation, recovery, and greening. Results show that: (1) More than 97% of the land pixels were modeled successfully into eight endmember fractions for each period with the mean RMSE less than 0.01. All four simulated abundances had high correlations (r = 0.89–0.96) with the corresponding reference data, indicating good performance of MESMA in this study; (2) Desert vegetation increased dramatically (772.68 km2) during the 26-year period. The major change was desert vegetation recovery with a total area of 10,705 km2, followed by degradation with a total area of 4,715 km2. The greening area was the smallest, covering only 1,509 km2; (3) Increased precipitation was the major contributor for desert vegetation greening in the west of upper region while decreased precipitation was the major contributor for the degradation in the west of lower region. Anthropogenic factors (e.g., improvement of irrigation, crop expansion) were major contributors for the change in desert vegetation in the middle region. This research demonstrates that MESMA is promising in detecting desert vegetation dynamics in semi-arid and arid regions.
On symmetries of Hamiltonians describing systems with arbitrary spins
Creators: name: Cervia, Michael J.
name: Patwardhan, Amol V.
name: Balantekin, A. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider systems where dynamical variables are the generators of the SU(2) group. A subset of these Hamiltonians is exactly solvable using the Bethe ansatz techniques. We show that Bethe ansatz equations are equivalent to polynomial relationships between the operator invariants, or equivalently, between eigenvalues of those invariants.
description: 8 Pages of LATEX; Dedicated to the memory of E. Henley
Non Equilibrium Transitions in a Polymer Replication Ensemble
Creators: name: Genthon, Arthur
name: Modes, Carl D.
name: Jülicher, Frank
name: Grill, Stephan W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The fuel-driven process of replication in living systems generates distributions of copied entities with varying degrees of copying accuracy. Here we introduce a thermodynamically consistent ensemble for investigating universal population features of replicating systems. In the context of copolymer copying, coarse-graining over molecular details, we establish a phase diagram of copying accuracy. We discover sharp non-equilibrium transitions between populations of random and accurate copies. Maintaining a population of accurate copies requires a minimum energy expenditure that depends on the configurational entropy of copolymer sequences.
The interplay of superconductivity and localization in Nd{2-x}Ce{x}CuO{4+δ} single crystal films
Creators: name: Harus, G. I.
name: Ponomarev, A. I.
name: Ignatenkov, A. N.
name: Charikova, T. B.
name: Sabirzyanova, L. D.
name: Shelushinina, N. G.
name: Elesin, V. F.
name: Ivanov, A. A.
name: Rudnev, I. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The influence of nonstoichiometric disorder on the in-plane resistivity and SC-transition has been investigated for Nd{2-x}Ce{x}CuO{4+δ} single crystal films (x=0.15 and 0.18). It is shown that with increasing of $δ$ the in-plane normal state resistivity increases (the mean free path diminishes) and SC-transition temperature decreases with essential broadening of the transition region. The observed evolution from homogeneous metallic (and superconducting) Nd{2-x}Ce{x}CuO{4+δ} system to inhomogeneous dielectric one is described as Anderson-type disorder-induced transition in a two-dimensional electron system.
description: 8 pages, 8 postscript figures, submitted to Physica C