cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Carbon and oxygen isotopic ratios for nearby miras
Creators: name: Hinkle, K. H.
name: Lebzelter, T.
name: Straniero, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: C and O isotopic ratios are reported for a sample of 46 Mira and SRa-type variable AGB stars. Vibration-rotation 1st and 2nd overtone CO lines in 1.5 to 2.5 $μ$m spectra were measured to derive isotopic ratios for 12C/13C, 16O/17O, and 16O/18O. Comparisons with previous measurements for individual stars and with various samples of evolved stars are discussed. Models for solar composition AGB stars of different initial masses are used to interpret our results. We find that the majority of the M stars had main sequence masses < 2 Msun and have not experienced sizable third dredge-up episodes. The progenitors of the four S-type stars in our sample are slightly more massive. Of the 6 C stars in the sample three have clear evidence relating their origin to the occurrence of the third dredge-up. Comparisons with O-rich presolar grains from AGB stars that lived before the formation of the solar system reveal variations in the interstellar medium chemical composition. The present generation of low-mass AGB stars show a large spread of 16O/17O ratios, similar to that of group 1 presolar grains and in agreement with theoretical expectations for the composition of mass 1.2 to 2 Msun stars after the 1st dredge up. On the contrary, the 16O/18O ratios of present-day LPVs are definitely smaller than those of group 1 grains. This occurrence is most probably a consequence of the the decrease with time of the 16O/18O ratio in the interstellar medium due to the chemical evolution of the Milky Way. One star in our sample has an O composition similar to that of group 2 presolar grains originating in an AGB star undergoing extramixing. This occurrence may indicate that the extramixing process is hampered at high metallicity or, equivalently, favored at low metallicity. Similar to O-rich grains no star in our sample shows evidence of HBB, expected for massive AGB stars.
description: accepted for publication in ApJ
A spin-freezing perspective on cuprates
Creators: name: Werner, Philipp
name: Hoshino, Shintaro
name: Shinaoka, Hiroshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The high-temperature superconducting state in cuprates appears if charge carriers are doped into a Mott insulating parent compound. An unresolved puzzle is the unconventional nature of the normal state above the superconducting dome, and its connection to the superconducting instability. At weak hole-doping, a "pseudo-gap" metal state with signatures of time-reversal symmetry breaking is observed, which near optimal doping changes into a "strange metal" with non-Fermi liquid properties. Qualitatively similar phase diagrams are found in multi-orbital systems, such as pnictides, where the unconventional metal states arise from a Hund coupling induced spin-freezing. Here, we show that the relevant model for cuprates, the single-orbital Hubbard model on the square lattice, can be mapped onto an effective multi-orbital problem with strong ferromagnetic Hund coupling. The spin-freezing physics of this multi-orbital system explains the phenomenology of cuprates, including the pseudo-gap, the strange metal, and the d-wave superconducting instability. Our analysis suggests that spin-freezing is the universal mechanism which controls the properties of unconventional superconductors.
Factors Influencing profitability in the Ethiopian private Insurance companies
Creators: name: Teshome, Adenew
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2017

description: Profitability is one of the most important determinants of insurers' performance and healthiness. This paper empirically investigates the link between the micro and macroeconomic environment determinants of profitability of private insurance companies for the period 2005-2015. In light of prior literature, key explanatory variables were identified to disclose their relationship and influence on profitability. These variables are liquidity, leverage, firm's size, firm growth, risk, tangibility of asset, economic growth, inflation, trade openness and urbanization. The assumptions needed to be fulfilled for OLS were tested; the data was found homoscedastic, free of multicollinearity, free of autocorrelation and normally distributed. Results using panel least square regression exhibited that leverage, firm growth, inflation growth, risk and urbanization has a significant relationship with profitability. Also, the study found that liquidity, firm size, tangibility of asset and trade openness were found to be insignificant in profitability of Ethiopian insurance companies. Board of directors and managers of insurance companies need to consider these variables while designing their strategic plan. The conducted empirical analysis allows regulators to better understand and roughly quantify those effects which might support discussion with insurers resulting in some mitigating actions. Further research needs to be done to develop top-down stress test methodologies to fully assess the impact of the low yield environment in combination with a sharp increase of other macro-economic factors, on insurers' profitability as well as solvency positions Key Words: Return on Asset, profitability; insurance companies
Functional renormalization group without functional integrals: implementing Hilbert space projections for strongly correlated electrons via Hubbard X-operators
Creators: name: Rückriegel, Andreas
name: Arnold, Jonas
name: Krämer, Rüdiger
name: Kopietz, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Exact functional renormalization group (FRG) flow equations for quantum systems can be derived directly within an operator formalism without using functional integrals. This simple insight opens new possibilities for applying FRG methods to models for strongly correlated electrons with projected Hilbert spaces, such as quantum spin models, the $t$-$J$ model, or the Hubbard model at infinite on-site repulsion. By representing these models in terms of Hubbard X-operators, we derive exact flow equations for the time-ordered correlation functions of the X-operators (X-FRG), which allow us to calculate the electronic correlation functions in the projected Hilbert space of these models. The Hubbard-I approximation for the single-particle Green function of the Hubbard model is recovered from a trivial truncation of the flow equations where the two-point vertex is approximated by its atomic limit. We use our approach to calculate the quasi-particle residue and damping in the ``hidden Fermi liquid'' state of the Hubbard model at infinite on-site repulsion where the Hamiltonian consists only of the projected kinetic energy.
description: 27 pages, 4 figures
Gravitational Waves with Dark Energy
Creators: name: Khodagholizadeh, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article, we study the tensor mode equation of perturbation in the presence of nonzero-Lambda as dark energy, the dynamic nature of which depends on the Hubble parameter H and/or its time derivative. Dark energy, according to the total vacuum contribution, has a slight effect during the radiation-dominated era, but it reduces the squared amplitude of gravitational waves (GWs) up to 60% for the wavelengths that enter the horizon during the matter-dominated era.
description: 19 pages, 3 Figure
Order parameter dynamics in Mn$_3$Sn driven by DC and pulsed spin-orbit torques
Creators: name: Shukla, Ankit
name: Qian, Siyuan
name: Rakheja, Shaloo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We numerically investigate and develop analytic models for both the DC and pulsed spin-orbit-torque (SOT)-driven response of order parameter in single-domain Mn$_3$Sn, which is a metallic antiferromagnet with an anti-chiral 120$^\circ$ spin structure. We show that DC currents above a critical threshold can excite oscillatory dynamics of the order parameter in the gigahertz to terahertz frequency spectrum. Detailed models of the oscillation frequency versus input current are developed and found to be in excellent agreement with the numerical simulations of the dynamics. In the case of pulsed excitation, the magnetization can be switched from one stable state to any of the other five stable states in the Kagome plane by tuning the duration or the amplitude of the current pulse. Precise functional forms of the final switched state versus the input current are derived, offering crucial insights into the switching dynamics of Mn$_3$Sn. The readout of the magnetic state can be carried out via either the anomalous Hall effect, or the recently demonstrated tunneling magnetoresistance in an all-Mn$_3$Sn junction. We also discuss possible disturbance of the magnetic order due to heating that may occur if the sample is subject to large currents. Operating the device in pulsed mode or using low DC currents reduces the peak temperature rise in the sample due to Joule heating. Our predictive modeling and simulation results can be used by both theorists and experimentalists to explore the interplay of SOT and the order dynamics in Mn$_3$Sn, and to further benchmark the device performance.
description: 13 pages, 13 figures
Experimental demonstration of non-bilocal quantum correlations
Creators: name: Saunders, Dylan J.
name: Bennet, Adam J.
name: Branciard, Cyril
name: Pryde, Geoff J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum mechanics admits correlations that cannot be explained by local realistic models. Those most studied are the standard local hidden variable models, which satisfy the well-known Bell inequalities. To date, most works have focused on bipartite entangled systems. Here, we consider correlations between three parties connected via two independent entangled states. We investigate the new type of so-called "bilocal" models, which correspondingly involve two independent hidden variables. Such models describe scenarios that naturally arise in quantum networks, where several independent entanglement sources are employed. Using photonic qubits, we build such a linear three-node quantum network and demonstrate non-bilocal correlations by violating a Bell-like inequality tailored for bilocal models. Furthermore, we show that the demonstration of non-bilocality is more noise-tolerant than that of standard Bell non-locality in our three-party quantum network.
description: 5 pages, with 3 pages supplementary material
The collapse behaviour of stiffened plate panels of high aspect ratio under uniaxial compression
Creators: name: Katzer, Wolfgang.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Qualitative dynamics of wavepackets in turbulent jets
Creators: name: Semeraro, Onofrio
name: Lusseyran, Francois
name: Pastur, Luc
name: Jordan, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has long been established that turbulent jets comprise large-scale coherent structures, now more commonly referred to as "wavepackets". These structures exhibit a remarkable spatio-temporal organisation, despite turbulence. In this work we analyse, from a qualitative point of view, the temporal dynamics of axisymmetric wavepackets educed, experimentally, from subsonic iso-thermal jets. We use the data presented by, where time-series of the wavepackets are extracted at different streamwise locations. A thorough analysis is performed, statistical tools are used for estimating the embedding and correlation dimensions characterising the dynamical system. System identification is used for computing nonlinear surrogate models. Finally, control-oriented linear models are computed. The goal of the contribution is to assess the extent to which non-linear models are necessary, or appropriate, for description of the temporal wave-packet dynamics and to provide a complementary perspective to the current modelling.
Search for single production of vectorlike $B$-quarks at the LHC
Creators: name: Han, Jin-Zhong
name: Liu, Yao-Bei
name: Xing, Lu
name: Xu, Shuai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: New vectorlike quarks have been proposed in many scenarios of new physics beyond the Standard Model, which address the hierarchy problem and may be potentially discovered at the Large Hadron Collider~(LHC). Based on a model-independent framework, we propose to search for the vectorlike $B$-quark~(VLQ-$B$) and focus on resonant production via $b$-gluon fusion through chromomagnetic interactions. We then explore the possible signals of the VLQ-$B$ through the $B\to tW$ decay mode at the 14 TeV LHC. After a rapid simulation of signal and background events, the $2σ$ excluded regions and the $5σ$ discovery reach in the parameter plane of $κ_{B}-M_B$ are obtained at the LHC with an integrated luminosity of 300~(3000) fb$^{-1}$ in the dilepton final states.
description: 16 pages, 7 figures. This is the version accepted by Chinese Physics C
The Influence of Tax Education on Tax Compliance Attitude
Creators: name: Berhane, Zelalem
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2011

description: Tax non-compliance is an area of concern for all government and tax authorities, and it will continue to be an important issue that must be addressed. Regardless of time and place, the main issue faced by all tax authorities is that it has never been easy to persuade all taxpayers to comply with the regulations of a tax system. The objective of this study is to examine the influence of tax education on the compliance attitude of tax payers. To achieve this objective, a quantitative research approach is used. Both experimental and survey methods of data collection are used in this study. As this study's objective is to explore how provision of tax education influences tax compliance attitude of tax payers, experimental data was collected through questionnaire twice. One at the beginning before respondents attend tax course and second at the completion of the experiment i.e. after attending the tax course. Survey data are collected using questionnaire distributed to real taxpayers. The results indicated that tax compliance is influenced by tax education. The results of this study can inform policymakers on the extent to which tax knowledge is important in voluntary compliance
Hate Raids on Twitch: Understanding Real-Time Human-Bot Coordinated Attacks in Live Streaming Communities
Creators: name: Cai, Jie
name: Chowdhury, Sagnik
name: Zhou, Hongyang
name: Wohn, Donghee Yvette
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Online harassment and content moderation have been well-documented in online communities. However, new contexts and systems always bring new ways of harassment and need new moderation mechanisms. This study focuses on hate raids, a form of group attack in real-time in live streaming communities. Through a qualitative analysis of hate raids discussion in the Twitch subreddit (r/Twitch), we found that (1) hate raids as a human-bot coordinated group attack leverages the live stream system to attack marginalized streamers and other potential groups with(out) breaking the rules, (2) marginalized streamers suffer compound harms with insufficient support from the platform, (3) moderation strategies are overwhelmingly technical, but streamers still struggle to balance moderation and participation considering their marginalization status and needs. We use affordances as a lens to explain how hate raids happens in live streaming systems and propose moderation-by-design as a lens when developing new features or systems to mitigate the potential abuse of such designs.
description: Accepted at CSCW2023
First flight of the Gamma-Ray Imager/Polarimeter for Solar flares (GRIPS) instrument
Creators: name: Duncan, Nicole
name: Saint-Hilaire, P.
name: Shih, A. Y.
name: Hurford, G. J.
name: Bain, H. M.
name: Amman, M.
name: Mochizuki, B. A.
name: Hoberman, J.
name: Olson, J.
name: Maruca, B. A.
name: Godbole, N. M.
name: Smith, D. M.
name: Sample, J.
name: Kelley, N. A.
name: Zoglauer, A.
name: Caspi, A.
name: Kaufmann, P.
name: Boggs, S.
name: Lin, R. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Gamma-Ray Imager/Polarimeter for Solar flares (GRIPS) is a balloon-borne telescope designed to study solar-flare particle acceleration and transport. We describe GRIPS's first Antarctic long-duration flight in Jan 2016 and report preliminary calibration and science results. Electron and ion dynamics, particle abundances and the ambient plasma conditions in solar flares can be understood by examining hard X-ray (HXR) and gamma-ray emission (20 keV to 10 MeV) with enhanced imaging, spectroscopy and polarimetry. GRIPS is specifically designed to answer questions including: What causes the spatial separation between energetic electrons producing HXRs and energetic ions producing gamma-ray lines? How anisotropic are the relativistic electrons, and why can they dominate in the corona? How do the compositions of accelerated and ambient material vary with space and time, and why? GRIPS's key technological improvements over the Reuven Ramaty High Energy Solar Spectroscopic Imager (RHESSI) include 3D position-sensitive germanium detectors (3D-GeDs) and a single-grid, multi-pitch rotating modulator (MPRM) collimator. The 3D-GeDs have spectral FWHM resolution of a few hundred keV and spatial resolution $
description: 17 pages, 15 figures; presented at SPIE 9905 (Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2016: Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray) in Edinburgh, Scotland
Leveraging Semantic Information for Efficient Self-Supervised Emotion Recognition with Audio-Textual Distilled Models
Creators: name: de Oliveira, Danilo
name: Prabhu, Navin Raj
name: Gerkmann, Timo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In large part due to their implicit semantic modeling, self-supervised learning (SSL) methods have significantly increased the performance of valence recognition in speech emotion recognition (SER) systems. Yet, their large size may often hinder practical implementations. In this work, we take HuBERT as an example of an SSL model and analyze the relevance of each of its layers for SER. We show that shallow layers are more important for arousal recognition while deeper layers are more important for valence. This observation motivates the importance of additional textual information for accurate valence recognition, as the distilled framework lacks the depth of its large-scale SSL teacher. Thus, we propose an audio-textual distilled SSL framework that, while having only ~20% of the trainable parameters of a large SSL model, achieves on par performance across the three emotion dimensions (arousal, valence, dominance) on the MSP-Podcast v1.10 dataset.
description: Accepted at Interspeech 2023
Determinants of Operational and Financial Self-Sufficiency: an Empirical Evidence of Ethiopian Microfinance Institutions
Creators: name: Tamene, Melkamu
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2012

description: An enduring problem facing MFI is how to attain financial and operational sustainability. Several studies have been conducted to determine the factors affecting the financial and operational sustainability of MFIs. However, there are insufficient studies conducted on this area in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study was conducted to fill the gap. This study is based on quantitative research approach using panel data regression as the main data analysis technique. The study was based on a six years" secondary data obtained from the mix-market database for twelve selected MFI in Ethiopia. The study found that average loan balance per borrower, size of a MFI, cost per borrowers and yield on gross loan portfolio affects the operational sustainability of Ethiopian MFIs significantly. Whereas cost per borrower, number of active borrowers and yield on gross loan portfolio affect their financial sustainability. The Study also found that MFIs in Ethiopia are operationally self- sufficient while they are not financially self sufficient. This study recommends microfinance institutions to consider more numbers of borrowers, find ways of serving the borrowers at the lowest possible cost, be able to utilize their short term assets to generate more cash and financial revenues, they should increase the loan size, and finally it has been recommended that they should increase the value of their total assets
Identification of some aspects of a lead-zinc sinter process
Creators: name: Taylor, Ian.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Supplementary File_Physiological Genomics
Creators: name: Ahmad, Sharmila
name: Drag, Markus Hodal
name: Salleh, Suraya Mohamad
name: Cai, Zexi
name: Nielsen, Mette Olaf
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 70204 Animal Nutrition
subject: FOS: Animal and dairy science

description: Supplementary Figure and Tables for WGCNA manuscript
Quantum dynamical bounds for ergodic potentials with underlying dynamics of zero topological entropy
Creators: name: Han, Rui
name: Jitomirskaya, Svetlana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 47B36

description: In this paper we obtain upper quantum dynamical bounds as a corollary of positive Lyapunov exponent for Schrödinger operators $H_{f,θ} u(n)=u(n+1)+u(n-1)+ ϕ(f^nθ)u(n)$, where $ϕ: \mathcal{M}\to {\Bbb R}$ is a piecewise Hölder function on a compact Riemannian manifold $\mathcal{M}$, and $f:\mathcal{M}\to\mathcal{M}$ is a uniquely ergodic volume preserving map with zero topological entropy. As corollaries we obtain localization-type statements for shifts and skew-shifts on higher dimensional tori with arithmetic conditions on the parameters. These are the first localization-type results with precise arithmetic conditions for multi-frequency quasiperiodic and skew-shift potentials.
description: 30 pages
Flares, wind and nebulae: the 2015 December mini-outburst of V404 Cygni
Creators: name: Muñoz-Darias, T.
name: Casares, J.
name: Sánchez, D. Mata
name: Fender, R. P.
name: Padilla, M. Armas
name: Mooley, K.
name: Hardy, L.
name: Charles, P. A.
name: Ponti, G.
name: Motta, S. E.
name: Dhillon, V. S.
name: Gandhi, P.
name: Jiménez-Ibarra, F.
name: Butterley, T.
name: Carey, S.
name: Grainge, K. J. B.
name: Hickish, J.
name: Littlefair, S. P.
name: Perrott, Y. C.
name: Razavi-Ghods, N.
name: Rumsey, C.
name: Scaife, A. M. M.
name: Scott, P. F.
name: Titterington, D. J.
name: Wilson, R. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: After more than 26 years in quiescence, the black hole transient V404 Cyg went into a luminous outburst in June 2015, and additional activity was detected in late December of the same year. Here, we present an optical spectroscopic follow-up of the December mini-outburst, together with X-ray, optical and radio monitoring that spanned more than a month. Strong flares with gradually increasing intensity are detected in the three spectral ranges during the ~10 days following the Swift trigger. Our optical spectra reveal the presence of a fast outflowing wind, as implied by the detection of a P-Cyg profile (He I - 5876 A) with a terminal velocity of ~2500 km/s. Nebular-like spectra -- with an H_alpha equivalent width of ~500 A -- are also observed. All these features are similar to those seen during the main June 2015 outburst. Thus, the fast optical wind simultaneous with the radio jet is most likely present in every V404 Cyg outburst. Finally, we report on the detection of a strong radio flare in late January 2016, when X-ray and optical monitoring had stopped due to Sun constraints.
description: To be published in MNRAS Letters
The Impact of National Bank Regulation on Banks Performance: Evidence from the Private Banks of Ethiopia
Creators: name: Kebede, Eden
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2014

description: The main objective of this study is to examine the impact of NBE regulations on private banks performance through the significant regulatory variables explaining the NBE directives, using bank- specific and macroeconomic variables as control variables. Balanced fixed effect panel regression was used for the data of six private commercial banks in the sample covered the period from 2004 to 2013. Three regulatory factors affecting banks performance in terms of return on asset and net interest margin were selected and analyzed. The results of panel data regression analysis showed that NBE Bill and Credit cap had negative and statistically significant impact on banks profitability but reserve requirement had negative and insignificant impact on profitability. While measuring banks cost of intermediation through Net Interest Margin three of the regulatory variables (i.e. NBE Bills, Reserve requirement and credit cap) had negative and statistically significant effect on net interest margin. Among the control variables bank size had positive and statistically significant effect on both performance measures, which means ROA & NIM. Operating efficiency and GDP had positive and statistically insignificant effect on ROA but both were statistically significant on NIM. Equity had positive and significant effect on ROA but had negative and statistically insignificant on NIM. Inflation had positive and insignificant effect on ROA but had positive and significant effect on NIM
A Teacher-Student approach for extracting informative speaker embeddings from speech mixtures
Creators: name: Cord-Landwehr, Tobias
name: Boeddeker, Christoph
name: Zorilă, Cătălin
name: Doddipatla, Rama
name: Haeb-Umbach, Reinhold
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We introduce a monaural neural speaker embeddings extractor that computes an embedding for each speaker present in a speech mixture. To allow for supervised training, a teacher-student approach is employed: the teacher computes the target embeddings from each speaker's utterance before the utterances are added to form the mixture, and the student embedding extractor is then tasked to reproduce those embeddings from the speech mixture at its input. The system much more reliably verifies the presence or absence of a given speaker in a mixture than a conventional speaker embedding extractor, and even exhibits comparable performance to a multi-channel approach that exploits spatial information for embedding extraction. Further, it is shown that a speaker embedding computed from a mixture can be used to check for the presence of that speaker in another mixture.
description: Proceedings of INTERSPEECH
The nuclear and extended mid-infrared emission of Seyfert galaxies
Creators: name: García-Bernete, I.
name: Almeida, C. Ramos
name: Acosta-Pulido, J. A.
name: Alonso-Herrero, A.
name: González-Martín, O.
name: Hernán-Caballero, A.
name: Pereira-Santaella, M.
name: Levenson, N. A.
name: Packham, C.
name: Perlman, E. S.
name: Ichikawa, K.
name: Esquej, P.
name: Díaz-Santos, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present subarcsecond resolution mid-infrared (MIR) images obtained with 8-10 m-class ground-based telescopes of a complete volume-limited (DL<40 Mpc) sample of 24 Seyfert galaxies selected from the Swift/BAT nine month catalog. We use those MIR images to study the nuclear and circumnuclear emission of the galaxies. Using different methods to classify the MIR morphologies on scales of ~400 pc, we find that the majority of the galaxies (75-83%) are extended or possibly extended and 17-25% are point-like. This extended emission is compact and it has low surface brightness compared with the nuclear emission, and it represents, on average, ~30% of the total MIR emission of the galaxies in the sample. We find that the galaxies whose circumnuclear MIR emission is dominated by star formation show more extended emission (650+-700 pc) than AGN-dominated systems (300+-100 pc). In general, the galaxies with point-like MIR morphologies are face-on or moderately inclined (b/a~0.4-1.0), and we do not find significant differences between the morphologies of Sy1 and Sy2. We used the nuclear and circumnuclear fluxes to investigate their correlation with different AGN and SF activity indicators. We find that the nuclear MIR emission (the inner ~70 pc) is strongly correlated with the X-ray emission (the harder the X-rays the better the correlation) and with the [O IV] lambda 25.89 micron emission line, indicating that it is AGN-dominated. We find the same results, although with more scatter, for the circumnuclear emission, which indicates that the AGN dominates the MIR emission in the inner ~400 pc of the galaxies, with some contribution from star formation.
description: 27 pages, 12 figures, accepted by MNRAS
Unique Brain Network Identification Number for Parkinson's Individuals Using Structural MRI
Creators: name: Samantaray, Tanmayee
name: Gupta, Utsav
name: Saini, Jitender
name: Gupta, Cota Navin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We propose a novel algorithm called Unique Brain Network Identification Number, UBNIN for encoding the brain networks of individual subjects. To realize this objective, we employed structural MRI on 180 Parkinsons disease PD patients and 70 healthy controls HC from the National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, India. We parcellated each subjects brain volume and constructed an individual adjacency matrix using the correlation between the gray matter volumes of every pair of regions. The unique code is derived from values representing connections for every node i, weighted by a factor of 2^1-i. The numerical representation UBNIN was observed to be distinct for each individual brain network, which may also be applied to other neuroimaging modalities. This model may be implemented as a neural signature of a persons unique brain connectivity, thereby making it useful for brainprinting applications. Additionally, we segregated the above datasets into five age cohorts to study the variation in network topology over age. Sparsity was adopted as the threshold estimate to binarize each age-based correlation matrix. For each age cohort, a decreasing trend was observed in the mean clustering coefficient with increasing sparsity. Significantly different clustering coefficients were noted in PD between age cohort B and C, C and E, and in HC between E and B, E and C, E and D, and C and D. Our findings suggest network connectivity patterns change with age, indicating network disruption may be due to the underlying neuropathology. Varying clustering coefficients for different cohorts indicate that information transfer between neighboring nodes changes with age. This provides evidence of age related brain shrinkage and network degeneration. We also discuss limitations and provide an open-access link to software codes and a help file for the entire study.
description: 15 pages, 5 figures,1 algorithm, 1 main table, 1 appendix table
Vibrational and acoustic characteristics of thin conical shells
Creators: name: Shepherd, Ian Clarence.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Stochastic resonance in a tristable optomechanical system
Creators: name: Fan, Bixuan
name: Xie, Min
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we theoretically investigate the stochastic resonance (SR) effect in an optomechanical membrane system subject to two weak signals (one optical field and one mechanical force). The quadratic optomechanical coupling allows us to find a region with tristability where the noise activated stochastic switching among three stable states occurs and SR phenomena are observed at the cooperation of input signals and noises. We show that the mechanical force and the optical field respectively serve as an additive signal and a multiplicative signal to the membrane position and they induce completely different SR behaviors. Moreover, when two signals coexist the SR effect can be enhanced and the beating effect appears in the SR synchronization process with unsynchronized signals.
description: 6 pages,7 figures
ChatGPT Informed Graph Neural Network for Stock Movement Prediction
Creators: name: Chen, Zihan
name: Zheng, Lei Nico
name: Lu, Cheng
name: Yuan, Jialu
name: Zhu, Di
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistical Finance (q-fin.ST)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computational Finance (q-fin.CP)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.7; J.1

description: ChatGPT has demonstrated remarkable capabilities across various natural language processing (NLP) tasks. However, its potential for inferring dynamic network structures from temporal textual data, specifically financial news, remains an unexplored frontier. In this research, we introduce a novel framework that leverages ChatGPT's graph inference capabilities to enhance Graph Neural Networks (GNN). Our framework adeptly extracts evolving network structures from textual data, and incorporates these networks into graph neural networks for subsequent predictive tasks. The experimental results from stock movement forecasting indicate our model has consistently outperformed the state-of-the-art Deep Learning-based benchmarks. Furthermore, the portfolios constructed based on our model's outputs demonstrate higher annualized cumulative returns, alongside reduced volatility and maximum drawdown. This superior performance highlights the potential of ChatGPT for text-based network inferences and underscores its promising implications for the financial sector.
description: Dataset is available at [https://github.com/ZihanChen1995/ChatGPT-GNN-StockPredict]. Accepted for the oral presentation at SIGKDD 2023 Workshop on Robust NLP for Finance
Correlation Matrix Spectra: A Tool for Detecting Non-apparent Correlations?
Creators: name: Biswas, Soham
name: Leyvraz, Francois
name: Castillero, Paulino Monroy
name: Seligman, Thomas H
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has been shown that, if a model displays long-range (power-law) spatial correlations, its equal-time correlation matrix of this model will also have a power law tail in the distribution of its high-lying eigenvalues. The purpose of this letter is to show that the converse is generally incorrect: a power-law tail in the high-lying eigenvalues of the correlation matrix may exist even in the absence of equal-time power law correlations in the original model. We may therefore view the study of the eigenvalue distribution of the correlation matrix as a more powerful tool than the study of correlations, one which may in fact uncover structure, that would otherwise not be apparent. Specifically, we show that in the Totally Asymmetric Simple Exclusion Process, whereas there are no clearly visible correlations in the steady state, the eigenvalues of its correlation matrix exhibit a rich structure which we describe in detail.
description: 5 pages, 6 figures, correlation matrix analysis, Asymmetric Simple Exclusion Process, Wishart Ensemble
The Sustainment and Tipping Point of Public Goods in Multi-Ethnic Authoritarian States
Creators: name: Zhou, Yinghui
Publisher: name: University of Chicago
Year: 2022

description: Why do authoritarian states impose large-scale public goods provision? Under what circumstances would authoritarian states stop maintaining the provision? This paper examines these questions in the case of China by using county-level data from 2004 – 2018 and instrumental variable design under the regional ethnic autonomy system. The results show that, overall, China’s regional ethnic autonomy system has had a positive effect on the provision of public goods in county-level ethnic regions. Further investigation reveals that this positive effect is significant from 2004 to 2009, but it is no longer significant since 2010. I suggest this is related to the ethnic conflicts that occurred around 2009, symbolizing the failure of an attempt to maintain support through extensive distribution. As a result, after 2009, the central government stopped providing preferential public goods to ethnic regions. The theoretical implication is that authoritarian states do have the capacity to provide public goods on a large scale and that multi-ethnic authoritarian states in particular may be willing to provide preferential public goods in exchange for stability. However, once such efforts are futile, authoritarian states will discontinue the preferential provision. The strategic action of the authoritarian states is intended to deter future challengers from making more expensive demands, out of concern for reputation costs. The reputation costs concern will also diffuse to other ethnic regions that do not confront separatist conflicts.
Entanglement area law in superfluid $^4$He
Creators: name: Herdman, C. M.
name: Roy, P. -N.
name: Melko, R. G.
name: Del Maestro, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Area laws were first discovered by Bekenstein and Hawking, who found that the entropy of a black hole grows proportional to its surface area, and not its volume. Entropy area laws have since become a fundamental part of modern physics, from the holographic principle in quantum gravity to ground state wavefunctions of quantum matter, where entanglement entropy is generically found to obey area law scaling. As no experiments are currently capable of directly probing the entanglement area law in naturally occurring many-body systems, evidence of its existence is based on studies of simplified theories. Using new exact microscopic numerical simulations of superfluid $^4$He, we demonstrate for the first time an area law scaling of entanglement entropy in a real quantum liquid in three dimensions. We validate the fundamental principles underlying its physical origin, and present an "entanglement equation of state" showing how it depends on the density of the superfluid.
description: main text: 4 pages, 4 figures + supplementary information: 3 pages, 2 figures
Commutative families in $W_\infty$, integrable many-body systems and hypergeometric $τ$-functions
Creators: name: Mironov, A.
name: Mishnyakov, V.
name: Morozov, A.
name: Popolitov, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explain that the set of new integrable systems generalizing the Calogero family and implied by the study of WLZZ models, which was described in arXiv:2303.05273, is only the tip of the iceberg. We provide its wide generalization and explain that it is related to commutative subalgebras (Hamiltonians) of the $W_{1+\infty}$ algebra. We construct many such subalgebras and explain how they look in various representations. We start from the even simpler $w_\infty$ contraction, then proceed to the one-body representation in terms of differential operators on a circle, further generalizing to matrices and in their eigenvalues, in finally to the bosonic representation in terms of time-variables. Moreover, we explain that some of the subalgebras survive the $β$-deformation, an intermediate step from $W_{1+\infty}$ to the affine Yangian. The very explicit formulas for the corresponding Hamiltonians in these cases are provided. Integrable many-body systems generalizing the rational Calogero model arise in the representation in terms of eigenvalues. Each element of $W_{1+\infty}$ algebra gives rise to KP/Toda $τ$-functions. The hidden symmetry given by the families of commuting Hamiltonians is in charge of the special, (skew) hypergeometric $τ$-functions among these.
description: 43 pages
Development of a practical, digital, ultrasonic ocean wave-height measuring system
Creators: name: Johnson, Alexander A.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Taxpayers' Perception Towards Fairness: Personal Business Profit Taxpayers in Addis Ababa
Creators: name: Aborat, Wubshet
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2011

description: This study investigates the fairness perceptions of Addis Ababa City business profit taxpayers and its impacts in their perceptions, together with other variables. A theoretical framework was developed based on the equity, distributive justice, and procedural justice theories. The study adopted a mixed method research approach to test the hypotheses and answer research question. The data collected from 230 business profit taxpayers of which 200 were through distributing of self-administered questionnaires and the remaining 30 through in-depth-interview. The latest statistical package (SPSS) software, correlation and regression analysis, were used to analyse the survey and thematic analysis was applied to in-depth interviews. The results of this combined research methodology suggest that Addis Ababa City business profit taxpayers did not perceive positively in respect of general, vertical, personal, exchange, and administration fairness except horizontal fairness on the prevailing business profit tax system. With regard to tax knowledge and complexity, the finding of the paper showed that, the taxpayers did not have sufficient knowledge and there were no easily understandable and vague procedures of the business profit tax system. Finally the thesis suggests a series of measures, which could be taken by the government in general, and tax authorities in particular; improving policy and administration issues, educating the taxpayers and conducting awareness creation and consultation sessions, and providing all necessary social service to the public, as well as maintaining the tax system fair and equitable
Integrability in out-of-equilibrium systems
Creators: name: Ragoucy, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This short note presents a summary of the articles arXiv:1408.5357, arXiv:1412.5939, arXiv:1603.06796, arXiv:1606.01018, arXiv:1606.08148 that were done in collaboration with N. CRAMPE, M. EVANS, C. FINN, K. MALLICK and M. VANICAT. It presents an approach to the matrix ansatz of out-of-equilibrium systems with boundaries, within the framework of integrable systems, and was presented at ISQS24 (Prague, 2016).
description: 19 pages
Probing Mermin's inequalities violations through pseudospin operators
Creators: name: De Fabritiis, Philipe
name: Roditi, Itzhak
name: Sorella, Silvio P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The violation of Mermin's inequalities is analyzed by making use of two different Bell setups built with pseudospin operators. Employing entangled states defined by means of squeezed and coherent states, the expectation value of Mermin's polynomials $M_n$ is evaluated for $n=3$ and $n=4$. In each case, we analyze the correlator $\langle M_n \rangle$ and identify the set of parameters leading to the violation of Mermin's inequalities and to the saturation of the bound predicted by Quantum Mechanics.
description: 10 pages, 16 figures