title: Ð¡Ð¾Ð²ÑÐµÐ¼ÐµÐ½Ð½ÑÐµ Ð¼ÐµÑÐ¾Ð´Ñ Ð´Ð¸ÑÑÐ°Ð½ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¾Ð½Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÐµÑÐ°Ð¿Ð¸Ð¸ Ð½Ð° Ð¼ÐµÐ´Ð¸ÑÐ¸Ð½ÑÐºÐ¾Ð¼ ÑÑÐºÐ¾ÑÐ¸ÑÐµÐ»Ðµ ÑÐ»ÐµÐºÑÑÐ¾Ð½Ð¾Ð² Varian
title: Ð²ÑÐ¿ÑÑÐºÐ½Ð°Ñ ÐºÐ²Ð°Ð»Ð¸ÑÐ¸ÐºÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ° Ð±Ð°ÐºÐ°Ð»Ð°Ð²ÑÐ°
titleType: Subtitle
title: Modern methods of external photon therapy at the medical electron accelerator Varian
Creators: name: Ð¨Ð°ÑÑÐ¼ÐµÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°, ÐÐ¾Ð»Ð¸Ð½Ð°
Publisher: name: Ð¡Ð°Ð½ÐºÑ-ÐÐµÑÐµÑÐ±ÑÑÐ³ÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ ÑÐ½Ð¸Ð²ÐµÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑ ÐÐµÑÑÐ° ÐÐµÐ»Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾
Year: 2021
Subjects: Ð´Ð¸ÑÑÐ°Ð½ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¾Ð½Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑÐµÑÐ°Ð¿Ð¸Ñ
Ð¼ÐµÐ´Ð¸ÑÐ¸Ð½ÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ ÑÑÐºÐ¾ÑÐ¸ÑÐµÐ»Ñ ÑÐ»ÐµÐºÑÑÐ¾Ð½Ð¾Ð²
Ð¿Ð»Ð°Ð½Ð¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ Ð¾Ð±Ð»ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ
Ð³ÐµÐ¹ÑÐ¸Ð½Ð³
igrt
ÐºÐ¾Ð½ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¼Ð½Ð°Ñ Ð»ÑÑÐµÐ²Ð°Ñ ÑÐµÑÐ°Ð¿Ð¸Ñ
imrt
vmat
external photon therapy
medical electron accelerator
radiation planning
gating
conformed radiotherapy

description: ÐÐ°Ð½Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ° Ð¿Ð¾ÑÐ²ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð° Ð°Ð½Ð°Ð»Ð¸Ð·Ñ Ð¼ÐµÑÐ¾Ð´Ð¾Ð² Ð´Ð¸ÑÑÐ°Ð½ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ Ð»ÑÑÐµÐ²Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÐµÑÐ°Ð¿Ð¸Ð¸, Ð² ÑÐ°ÑÑÐ½Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸ Ð»ÑÑÐµÐ²Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÐµÑÐ°Ð¿Ð¸Ð¸ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´ ÑÐ¿ÑÐ°Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸ÐµÐ¼ Ð¿Ð¾ Ð¸Ð·Ð¾Ð±ÑÐ°Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ð¸ÑÐ¼ (IGRT), Ð»ÑÑÐµÐ²Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÐµÑÐ°Ð¿Ð¸Ð¸ Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð´ÑÐ»ÑÑÐ¸ÐµÐ¹ Ð¸Ð½ÑÐµÐ½ÑÐ¸Ð²Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸ (IMRT) Ð¸ Ð°ÑÐ¾ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÐµÑÐ°Ð¿Ð¸Ð¸ Ñ Ð¼Ð¾Ð´ÑÐ»ÑÑÐ¸ÐµÐ¹ Ð¾Ð±ÑÑÐ¼Ð° (VMAT). ÐÐ°Ð´Ð°ÑÐ¸, ÐºÐ¾ÑÐ¾ÑÑÐµ ÑÐµÑÐ°Ð»Ð¸ÑÑ Ð² ÑÐ¾Ð´Ðµ Ð¸ÑÑÐ»ÐµÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ: Ð¸Ð·ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ ÑÐ¸Ð·Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ñ Ð°ÑÐ¿ÐµÐºÑÐ¾Ð² Ð´Ð¸ÑÑÐ°Ð½ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¾Ð½Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÐµÑÐ°Ð¿Ð¸Ð¸; Ð¸Ð·ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ ÑÑÑÐ¾ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ ÑÐµÑÐ°Ð¿ÐµÐ²ÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾ ÑÑÐºÐ¾ÑÐ¸ÑÐµÐ»Ñ ÑÐ»ÐµÐºÑÑÐ¾Ð½Ð¾Ð², Ð² ÑÐ°ÑÑÐ½Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸ ÑÑÐºÐ¾ÑÐ¸ÑÐµÐ»Ñ Varian; ÑÐ°ÑÑÐ¼Ð¾ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ Ð½Ð°Ð¸Ð±Ð¾Ð»ÐµÐµ Ð²Ð°Ð¶Ð½ÑÑ Ð¼Ð¾Ð¼ÐµÐ½ÑÐ¾Ð² Ð² ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐµÐ¼Ðµ Ð¿Ð»Ð°Ð½Ð¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð¾Ð±Ð»ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ; Ð°Ð½Ð°Ð»Ð¸Ð· Ð¼ÐµÑÐ¾Ð´Ð¾Ð² Ð´Ð¸ÑÑÐ°Ð½ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ Ð»ÑÑÐµÐ²Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÐµÑÐ°Ð¿Ð¸Ð¸. Ð Ð°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ° Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð²ÐµÐ´ÐµÐ½Ð° Ð½Ð° Ð±Ð°Ð·Ðµ ÐÐÐÐ¦ Ð¾Ð½ÐºÐ¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸Ð¸ Ð¸Ð¼. Ð. Ð. ÐÐµÑÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°. ÐÑÐ»Ð¸ Ð½Ð°Ð³Ð»ÑÐ´Ð½Ð¾ Ð¸Ð·ÑÑÐµÐ½Ñ: Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÑÐµÑÑ Ð¿Ð»Ð°Ð½Ð¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð»ÐµÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¸ Ð¿ÑÐ¸Ð¼ÐµÐ½ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ Ð¼ÐµÑÐ¾Ð´Ð¾Ð² IGRT, IMRT Ð¸ VMAT. ÐÐ»Ð°Ð³Ð¾Ð´Ð°ÑÑ ÑÑÐ¾Ð¼Ñ ÑÐ´Ð°Ð»Ð¾ÑÑ ÑÐ·Ð½Ð°ÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´ÑÐ¾Ð±Ð½Ð¾, ÐºÐ°ÐºÐ¸Ð¼ Ð¾Ð±ÑÐ°Ð·Ð¾Ð¼ Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð¸ÑÑÐ¾Ð´Ð¸Ñ ÑÐµÐ°Ð½Ñ Ð»ÑÑÐµÐ²Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÐµÑÐ°Ð¿Ð¸Ð¸. Ð ÑÐ²Ð¾Ñ Ð¾ÑÐµÑÐµÐ´Ñ Ð¸Ð·ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ ÑÐ¸Ð·Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ñ Ð°ÑÐ¿ÐµÐºÑÐ¾Ð² Ð´Ð¸ÑÑÐ°Ð½ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¾Ð½Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÐµÑÐ°Ð¿Ð¸Ð¸ Ð¸ ÑÑÑÐ¾ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ ÑÐµÑÐ°Ð¿ÐµÐ²ÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾ ÑÑÐºÐ¾ÑÐ¸ÑÐµÐ»Ñ ÑÐ»ÐµÐºÑÑÐ¾Ð½Ð¾Ð², Ð° ÑÐ°ÐºÐ¶Ðµ Ð°Ð½Ð°Ð»Ð¸Ð· Ð¼ÐµÑÐ¾Ð´Ð¾Ð² Ð´Ð¸ÑÑÐ°Ð½ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ Ð»ÑÑÐµÐ²Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÐµÑÐ°Ð¿Ð¸Ð¸ Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð¾Ð´Ð¸Ð»ÑÑ Ð² Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð²Ð½Ð¾Ð¼ Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð¼Ð¾ÑÑÑ Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐ°ÑÑÑÑ, ÐºÐ¾ÑÐ¾ÑÐ°Ñ Ð±ÑÐ»Ð° Ð¿ÑÐµÐ´Ð¾ÑÑÐ°Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð° Ð² Ð¸Ð½ÑÑÐ¸ÑÑÑÐµ. Ð ÑÐµÐ·ÑÐ»ÑÑÐ°ÑÐµ Ð±ÑÐ»Ð¸ Ð¸Ð·ÑÑÐµÐ½Ñ: ÑÐ°Ð¼ÑÐµ Ð²Ð°Ð¶Ð½ÑÐµ Ð¼Ð¾Ð¼ÐµÐ½ÑÑ ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ Ð¿Ð»Ð°Ð½Ð¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð¾Ð±Ð»ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ, ÑÑÑÐ¾ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ Ð¼ÐµÐ´Ð¸ÑÐ¸Ð½ÑÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾ ÑÑÐºÐ¾ÑÐ¸ÑÐµÐ»Ñ ÑÐ»ÐµÐºÑÑÐ¾Ð½Ð¾Ð² Varian Ð¸ Ð¼ÐµÑÐ¾Ð´Ñ Ð´Ð¸ÑÑÐ°Ð½ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ Ð»ÑÑÐµÐ²Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÐµÑÐ°Ð¿Ð¸Ð¸. ÐÐ° Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ð¸ Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð²ÐµÐ´ÐµÐ½Ð½ÑÑ Ð¸ÑÑÐ»ÐµÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ð¹ Ð±ÑÐ»Ð¾ Ð¿ÑÐ¸Ð½ÑÑÐ¾ ÑÐµÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ Ð¾ Ð¿ÐµÑÑÐ¿ÐµÐºÑÐ¸Ð²Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸ Ð¿ÑÐ¸Ð¼ÐµÐ½ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ ÐºÐ°Ð¶Ð´Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¸Ð· Ð¼ÐµÑÐ¾Ð´Ð¾Ð² ÐÐÐ¢. ÐÑÐ¸ ÑÑÐ°Ð²Ð½ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ð¸ Ð¿Ð¾ÐºÐ°Ð·Ð°ÑÐµÐ»ÐµÐ¹ IMRT Ð¸ VMAT Ð² Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¾ÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ð¸ ÐºÐ°ÑÐµÑÑÐ²Ð° Ð´Ð¾Ð·Ð¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ ÑÐ°ÑÐ¿ÑÐµÐ´ÐµÐ»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ, ÑÑÑÐµÐºÑÐ¸Ð²Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸ Ð¸ Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð´Ð¾Ð»Ð¶Ð¸ÑÐµÐ»ÑÐ½Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸ ÑÐµÐ°Ð½ÑÐ° Ð»ÐµÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ VMAT Ð¸Ð¼ÐµÐµÑ ÑÐµÐ½Ð´ÐµÐ½ÑÐ¸Ñ Ð´Ð°Ð²Ð°ÑÑ ÑÐ°ÐºÐ¾Ðµ Ð¶Ðµ ÑÐ°ÑÐ¿ÑÐµÐ´ÐµÐ»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ Ð´Ð¾Ð·Ñ, ÑÑÐ¾ Ð¸ IMRT. VMAT ÑÐ°ÐºÐ¶Ðµ ÑÐ¾ÐºÑÐ°ÑÐ°ÐµÑ ÐºÐ¾Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÑÑÐ²Ð¾ Ð¼Ð¾Ð½Ð¸ÑÐ¾ÑÐ½ÑÑ ÐµÐ´Ð¸Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð¸ Ð²ÑÐµÐ¼Ñ Ð¾Ð±ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐºÐ¸ Ð´Ð¾ Ð¼ÐµÐ½ÐµÐµ 5 Ð¼Ð¸Ð½ÑÑ. ÐÐ´Ð½Ð°ÐºÐ¾ ÑÑÐ¾Ð¸Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð¼Ð½Ð¸ÑÑ, ÑÑÐ¾ VMAT â ÑÑÐ¾ Ð¼ÐµÑÐ¾Ð´ IMRT, ÑÐ¾Ð»ÑÐºÐ¾ Ð±Ð¾Ð»ÐµÐµ ÑÐ»Ð¾Ð¶Ð½ÑÐ¹ Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð¾ÑÐ²Ð¾ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ, ÑÐ°Ðº ÐºÐ°Ðº ÑÑÑÐµÑÑÐ²ÑÐµÑ Ð±Ð¾Ð»ÑÑÐµ Ð¿ÐµÑÐµÐ¼ÐµÐ½Ð½ÑÑ Ð¿Ð°ÑÐ°Ð¼ÐµÑÑÐ¾Ð². Ð ÑÐ²Ð¾Ñ Ð¾ÑÐµÑÐµÐ´Ñ, Ñ Ð¿ÑÐ¸Ð¼ÐµÐ½ÐµÐ½Ð¸ÐµÐ¼ IGRT Ð´Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸Ð³Ð°ÐµÑÑÑ Ð²ÑÑÐ¾ÐºÐ°Ñ ÑÐ¾ÑÐ½Ð¾ÑÑÑ Ð´Ð¾ÑÑÐ°Ð²ÐºÐ¸ Ð´Ð¾Ð·Ñ Ðº Ð¾Ð¿ÑÑÐ¾Ð»Ð¸.
description: This paper analyzes methods of external beam radiation therapy, in particular, image-guided radiation therapy (IGRT), intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT), and volume-modulated arch therapy (VMAT). The tasks that were solved in the course of the research: study of the physical aspects of distance photon therapy; study of the structure of a therapeutic electron accelerator, in particular the Varian accelerator; consideration of the most important points in the treatment planning system; analysis of methods of external radiation therapy. The work was carried out at the Scientific Medical Research Center of Oncology named after N.N. Petrov. The following were visually studied: the treatment planning process and the application of the IGRT, IMRT and VMAT methods. Thanks to this, it was possible to find out in detail how the radiation therapy session takes place. In turn, the study of the physical aspects of remote photon therapy and the structure of a therapeutic electron accelerator, as well as the analysis of methods of external radiation therapy was carried out mainly with the help of the literature, which was provided at the institute. As a result, during the work, the most important points of the radiation planning system, the structure of the Varian medical electron accelerator and methods of external beam therapy were studied. On the basis of the studies carried out, a decision was made about the prospects of using each of the methods. When comparing IMRT and VMAT scores for dose distribution quality, efficacy and treatment duration, VMAT tends to give the same dose distribution as IMRT. VMAT also reduces monitor units and processing time to less than 5 minutes. However, it is worth remembering that VMAT is an IMRT method, only more difficult to master, since there are more variable parameters. In turn, with the use of IGRT, a high accuracy of dose delivery to the tumor is achieved.