cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Rab13-dependent Trafficking of RhoA Is Required for Directional Migration and Angiogenesis
Creators: name: Welch, Christopher M.
name: Vasanji, Amit
name: Wu, Chuanshen
name: Drazba, Judy
name: Sarkaria, Sandeep
name: Liu, Miaoliang
name: Horowitz, Arie
name: Anand-Apte, Bela
name: Agrawal, Sudesh
name: Xie, Jing
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Angiogenesis requires concomitant remodeling of cell junctions and migration, as exemplified by recent observations of extensive endothelial cell movement along growing blood vessels. We report that a protein complex that regulates cell junctions is required for VEGF-driven directional migration and for angiogenesis in vivo. The complex consists of RhoA and Syx, a RhoA guanine exchange factor cross-linked by the Crumbs polarity protein Mupp1 to angiomotin, a phosphatidylinositol-binding protein. The Syx-associated complex translocates to the leading edge of migrating cells by membrane trafficking that requires the tight junction recycling GTPase Rab13. In turn, Rab13 associates with Grb2, targeting Syx and RhoA to Tyr1175-phosphorylated VEGFR2 at the leading edge. Rab13 knockdown in zebrafish impeded sprouting of intersegmental vessels and diminished the directionality of their tip cells. These results indicate that endothelial cell mobility in sprouting vessels is facilitated by shuttling the same protein complex from disassembling junctions to the leading edges of cells.
(3974) Janet Stark Morton
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Microorganisms of the oxidative and reductive part of the sulphur cycle at a shallow-water hydrothermal vent in the Aegean Sea (Milos, Greece)
Creators: name: KUEVER, Jan
name: SIEVERT, Stefan M.
name: STEVENS, Heike
name: BRINKHOFF, Thorsten
name: MUYZER, Gerard
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 2002

Abstract
Parity-time symmetry from stacking purely dielectric and magnetic slabs
Creators: name: Gear, James
name: Liu, Fu
name: Chu, S. T.
name: Rotter, Stefan
name: Li, Jensen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that Parity-time symmetry in matching electric permittivity to magnetic permeability can be established by considering an effective Parity operator involving both mirror symmetry and coupling between electric and magnetic fields. This approach extends the discussion of Parity-time symmetry to the situation with more than one material potential. We show that the band structure of a one-dimensional photonic crystal with alternating purely dielectric and purely magnetic slabs can undergo a phase transition between propagation modes and evanescent modes when the balanced gain/loss parameter is varied. The cross-matching between different material potentials also allows exceptional points of the constitutive matrix to appear in the long wavelength limit where they can be used to construct ultrathin metamaterials with unidirectional reflection.
title: Humidified buildings
Creators: name: Hutcheon, N. B.
Publisher: name: National Research Council of Canada. Division of Building Research
Year: 1963
Subjects: subject: Building envelope
valueUri: urn:ircsubjects:IRC0300
subject: Enveloppe du bâtiment
valueUri: urn:ircsubjects:IRC0300
subject: humidification
subject: humidification (traitement)

description: The principles to be followed in order to avoid difficulties arising from increased winter humidities are stated.
ECOLOGICAL STUDY OF SOME SANDY BEACHES ALONG THE ISRAELI MEDITERRANEAN COAST, WITH A DESCRIPTION OF THE INTERSTITIAL HARPACTICOIDS (CRUSTACEA, COPEPODA)
Creators: name: MASRY, David
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 1970

description: Nine beaches along the Israeli Mediterranean coast line were chosen for this study. Granulometric analysis of the sand and the salinity and pH of the interstitial waters were studied, and corresponding samples were taken from every one of the digging sites where fauna was collected. Granulometric analysis revealed a direct correlation between the type and amount of fauna and the sand’s dominant grain size group. Temperature measurements (taken in the sand of one beach chosen for the purpose) showed the existence of an intermediate layer in the sand where temperature changes were small. The salinity and pH were recorded to reveal the dilutive effect of the outflowing continental water.
Collecting from the interstitial waters yielded eight different species of Harpacticoids, of them four new to science: Kliopsgllus minutus n. sp., Leptastacus operculatus n. sp., Arenopontia problematica n. sp., and Afrolaophonte pori n. sp. Other faunistic groups were quantitatively recorded in order to form a more complete picture of the sandy biotopes being dealt with.
Normal force controlled rheology applied to agar gelation
Creators: name: Mao, Bosi
name: Divoux, Thibaut
name: Snabre, Patrick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A wide range of thermoreversible gels are prepared by cooling down to ambient temperature hot aqueous polymer solutions. During the sol-gel transition, such materials may experience a volume contraction which is traditionally overlooked as rheological measurements are usually performed in geometries of constant volume. In this article, we revisit the formation of 1.5\% wt. agar gels through a series of benchmark rheological experiments performed with a plate-plate geometry. We demonstrate on that particular gel of polysaccharides that the contraction associated with the sol/gel transition cannot be neglected. Indeed, imposing a constant gap width during the gelation results in the strain hardening of the sample, as evidenced by the large negative normal force that develops. Such hardening leads to the slow drift in time of the gel elastic modulus $G'$ towards ever larger values, and thus to an erroneous estimate of $G'$. As an alternative, we show that imposing a constant normal force equals to zero during the gelation, instead of a constant gap width, suppresses the hardening as the decrease of the gap compensates for the sample contraction. Using normal force controlled rheology, we then investigate the impact of thermal history on 1.5\% wt. agar gels. We show that neither the value of the cooling rate, nor the introduction of a constant temperature stage during the cooling process influence the gel elastic properties. Instead, $G'$ only depends on the terminal temperature reached at the end of the cooling ramp, as confirmed by direct imaging of the gel microstructure by cryoelectron microscopy. The present work offers an extensive review of the technical difficulties associated with the rheology of hydrogels and paves the way for a systematic use of normal force controlled rheology to monitor non-isochoric processes.
description: 19 pages, 15 figures - accepted for publication in Journal of Rheology
PARASTYGARCTUS STERRERI N. SP., TARDIGRADE MARIN NOUVEAU DE L'ADRIATIQUE
Creators: name: RENAUD-MORNANT, Jeanne
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 1970

description: A new species belonging to the previously monospecific genus Parastygarctus is described. P. sterreri n. sp. is characterised by simple lateral appendages expending over the first, second and third pair of legs, and by a non-articulated E cirrus, FromtheAdriaticSea(Mediterranea).
Rho Signaling Regulates Pannexin 1-mediated ATP Release from Airway Epithelia
Creators: name: Okada, Seiko F.
name: Laird, Dale W.
name: Penuela, Silvia
name: Jones, Lisa C.
name: O'Neal, Wanda K.
name: Boucher, Richard C.
name: Seminario-Vidal, Lucia
name: Lazarowski, Eduardo R.
name: Van Heusden, Catharina A.
name: Kreda, Silvia M.
name: Zhu, Yunxiang
name: Sesma, Juliana I.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: ATP released from airway epithelial cells promotes purinergic receptor-regulated mucociliary clearance activities necessary for innate lung defense. Cell swelling-induced membrane stretch/strain is a common stimulus that promotes airway epithelial ATP release, but the mechanisms transducing cell swelling into ATP release are incompletely understood. Using knockdown and knockout approaches, we tested the hypothesis that pannexin 1 mediates ATP release from hypotonically swollen airway epithelia and investigated mechanisms regulating this activity. Well differentiated primary cultures of human bronchial epithelial cells subjected to hypotonic challenge exhibited enhanced ATP release, which was paralleled by the uptake of the pannexin probe propidium iodide. Both responses were reduced by pannexin 1 inhibitors and by knocking down pannexin 1. Importantly, hypotonicity-evoked ATP release from freshly excised tracheas and dye uptake in primary tracheal epithelial cells were impaired in pannexin 1 knockout mice. Hypotonicity-promoted ATP release and dye uptake in primary well differentiated human bronchial epithelial cells was accompanied by RhoA activation and myosin light chain phosphorylation and was reduced by the RhoA dominant negative mutant RhoA(T19N) and Rho and myosin light chain kinase inhibitors. ATP release and Rho activation were reduced by highly selective inhibitors of transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4). Lastly, knocking down TRPV4 impaired hypotonicity-evoked airway epithelial ATP release. Our data suggest that TRPV4 and Rho transduce cell membrane stretch/strain into pannexin 1-mediated ATP release in airway epithelia.
ÉTUDE MORPHOLOGIQUE COMPARÉE DU DÉVELOPPEMENT DES ÉPONGES A PARTIR DE CELLULES DISSOCIÉES
Creators: name: KOROTKOVA, G.P.
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 1970

description: Comparative vital observations and histological analysis has been carried out of one of the forms of somatic embryogenesis (development after dissociation oftissues) in the calcareous sponges Leucosolenia complicata Montagu and Sycon lingua Haeckel and the corneo-siliceous sponge Halichondria panicea Pallas. Specific features of the behaviour of isolated cells, of aggregate formation, of epithelialization of conglomerates and the development of the canal system are registered. These depend on the peculiarities of tissue organisation of the sponges under investigation. The most profound changes in organisation and behaviour were observed in calcareous sponges. The phenomena of morphallaxis were seen in the development of conglomerates of Halichondria panicea.
We may speak of some general regularities of morphogenesis during the development of sponges after dissociation (reconstitution). These regularities are connected with the development at certain stages of morphogenesis, and their realisation in each separate case can be different in sponges with different organisation of the canal system, of the skeleton and with other peculiarities of the organisation.
Selective Regulation of MAP Kinase Signaling by an Endomembrane Phosphatidylinositol 4-Kinase
Creators: name: Dohlman, Henrik G.
name: Cappell, Steven D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Multiple MAP kinase pathways share components yet initiate distinct biological processes. Signaling fidelity can be maintained by scaffold proteins and restriction of signaling complexes to discreet subcellular locations. For example, the yeast MAP kinase scaffold Ste5 binds to phospholipids produced at the plasma membrane and promotes selective MAP kinase activation. Here we show that Pik1, a phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase that localizes primarily to the Golgi, also regulates MAP kinase specificity but does so independently of Ste5. Pik1 is required for full activation of the MAP kinases Fus3 and Hog1 and represses activation of Kss1. Further, we show by genetic epistasis analysis that Pik1 likely regulates Ste11 and Ste50, components shared by all three MAP kinase pathways, through their interaction with the scaffold protein Opy2. These findings reveal a new regulator of signaling specificity functioning at endomembranes rather than at the plasma membrane.
Three-dimensional coordinates of individual atoms in materials revealed by electron tomography
Creators: name: Xu, Rui
name: Chen, Chien-Chun
name: Wu, Li
name: Scott, M. C.
name: Theis, W.
name: Ophus, Colin
name: Bartels, Matthias
name: Yang, Yongsoo
name: Ramezani-Dakhel, Hadi
name: Sawaya, Michael R.
name: Heinz, Hendrik
name: Marks, Laurence D.
name: Ercius, Peter
name: Miao, Jianwei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Crystallography, the primary method for determining the three-dimensional (3D) atomic positions in crystals, has been fundamental to the development of many fields of science. However, the atomic positions obtained from crystallography represent a global average of many unit cells in a crystal. Here, we report, for the first time, the determination of the 3D coordinates of thousands of individual atoms and a point defect in a material by electron tomography with a precision of ~19 picometers, where the crystallinity of the material is not assumed. From the coordinates of these individual atoms, we measure the atomic displacement field and the full strain tensor with a 3D resolution of ~1nm^3 and a precision of ~10^-3, which are further verified by density functional theory calculations and molecular dynamics simulations. The ability to precisely localize the 3D coordinates of individual atoms in materials without assuming crystallinity is expected to find important applications in materials science, nanoscience, physics and chemistry.
description: 23 pages, 3 figures
Engagement of adolescents with ADHD in a narrative-centered game-based behavior change environment to reduce alcohol use
Creators: name: Penilla C.
name: Berna M.
name: Barbaresi W.J.
name: Tebb K.P.
name: Ozer E.
name: Kumaran V.
name: Mott M.
name: Lester J.C.
name: Buckelew S.
name: Blum N.J.
name: Pugatch M.
name: Giovanelli A.
name: Rowe J.
name: Hennigan S.
Publisher: name: Frontiers Media SA
Year: 2023

description: Background: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) affects about 13% of adolescents and is associated with substance use-related morbidity and mortality. While evidence on effective interventions to reduce alcohol use among adolescents with ADHD is limited, parent-teen communication about alcohol use has been found to be protective. Other approaches, such as educational interventions, hold promise to reduce alcohol-related harms in adolescents with ADHD. Digital technology offers an innovative approach to health behavior change, expanding access to services and may promote learning for neurodiverse youth, including teens with ADHD. INSPIRE, a narrative-centered game-based behavior change environment designed to promote self-regulation and self-efficacy to prevent risky alcohol use has been found to engage a general adolescent population. The goals of this pilot study are (1) to examine the engagement of youth with ADHD in INSPIRE; and (2) to examine if INSPIRE fosters parent-teen communication. Method: Adolescents diagnosed with ADHD aged 14–16 were recruited from developmental medicine clinics and invited to a focus group offered via Zoom. Participants completed a pre-survey, interacted with the INSPIRE game, and answered a post-survey as well as open-ended questions about their gaming experience during the focus group. Engagement was measured through both self-report using subscales from the User Engagement Scale and computer data; survey and qualitative data collected information on parent-teen communication. Univariate statistics described adolescent characteristics, Rank-sum and Fisher’s exact tests examined relationships among variables, and qualitative analysis identified themes in open-ended questions. Results: Of adolescent participants (N = 40), 45% identified as female, 17.5% Black, 7.5%, Hispanic, and 62.5% White. Post-survey mean engagement subscales of Usability (on a 5-point scale) was 3.67 (SD = 0.74), and Satisfaction was 3.63 (SD = 0.75). Computer data indicated that participants played the game for a median of 24 min. Adolescents shared that playing the game strengthened refusal skills and their ability to navigate social gatherings with alcohol. Post-survey, 63% planned to share information from INSPIRE with a parent. Conclusion: Findings suggest that INSPIRE may support facilitating youth with ADHD to learn the developmental competencies needed to mitigate risk and thrive. INSPIRE warrants further testing to explore its impact on alcohol use in youth with ADHD.
Short note on the excitonic Mott phase
Creators: name: Ziegler, K.
name: Berman, O. L.
name: Kezerashvili, R. Ya.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An exciton gas on a lattice is analyzed in terms of a convergent hopping expansion. For a given chemical potential our calculation provides a sufficient condition for the hopping rate to obtain an exponential decay of the exciton correlation function. This result indicates the existence of a Mott phase in which strong fluctuations destroy the long range correlations in the exciton gas at any temperature, either by thermal or by quantum fluctuations.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure
Skeletal Muscle Differentiation and Fusion Are Regulated by the BAR-containing Rho-GTPase-activating Protein (Rho-GAP), GRAF1
Creators: name: Cameron, Morgan V.
name: Lenhart, Kaitlin C.
name: Doherty, Jason T.
name: Conlon, Frank L.
name: Taylor, Joan M.
name: Mack, Christopher P.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Although RhoA activity is necessary for promoting myogenic mesenchymal stem cell fates, recent studies in cultured cells suggest that down-regulation of RhoA activity in specified myoblasts is required for subsequent differentiation and myotube formation. However, whether this phenomenon occurs in vivo and which Rho modifiers control these later events remain unclear. We found that expression of the Rho-GTPase-activating protein, GRAF1, was transiently up-regulated during myogenesis, and studies in C2C12 cells revealed that GRAF1 is necessary and sufficient for mediating RhoA down-regulation and inducing muscle differentiation. Moreover, forced expression of GRAF1 in pre-differentiated myoblasts drives robust muscle fusion by a process that requires GTPase-activating protein-dependent actin remodeling and BAR-dependent membrane binding or sculpting. Moreover, morpholino-based knockdown studies in Xenopus laevis determined that GRAF1 expression is critical for muscle development. GRAF1-depleted embryos exhibited elevated RhoA activity and defective myofibrillogenesis that resulted in progressive muscle degeneration, defective motility, and embryonic lethality. Our results are the first to identify a GTPase-activating protein that regulates muscle maturation and to highlight the functional importance of BAR domains in myotube formation.
(3973) Thos S Morton
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
A quantum-like view to a generalized two players game
Creators: name: Bagarello, Fabio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper consider the possibility of using some quantum tools in decision making strategies. In particular, we consider here a dynamical open quantum system helping two players, $\G_1$ and $\G_2$, to take their decisions in a specific context. We see that, within our approach, the final choices of the players do not depend in general on their initial {\em mental states}, but they are driven essentially by the environment which interacts with them. The model proposed here also considers interactions of different nature between the two players, and it is simple enough to allow for an analytical solution of the equations of motion.
description: in press in International Journal of Theoretical Physics
SmgGDS Is a Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factor That Specifically Activates RhoA and RhoC
Creators: name: Rojas, Rafael J.
name: Sondek, John
name: Marston, Daniel J.
name: Temple, Brenda R.S.
name: Burridge, Keith
name: Hamel, Brant
name: Monaghan-Benson, Elizabeth
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: SmgGDS is an atypical guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) that promotes both cell proliferation and migration and is up-regulated in several types of cancer. SmgGDS has been previously shown to activate a wide variety of small GTPases, including the Ras family members Rap1a, Rap1b, and K-Ras, as well as the Rho family members Cdc42, Rac1, Rac2, RhoA, and RhoB. In contrast, here we show that SmgGDS exclusively activates RhoA and RhoC among a large panel of purified GTPases. Consistent with the well known properties of GEFs, this activation is catalytic, and SmgGDS preferentially binds to nucleotide-depleted RhoA relative to either GDP- or GTPγS-bound forms. However, mutational analyses indicate that SmgGDS utilizes a distinct exchange mechanism compared with canonical GEFs and in contrast to known GEFs requires RhoA to retain a polybasic region for activation. A homology model of SmgGDS highlights an electronegative surface patch and a highly conserved binding groove. Mutation of either area ablates the ability of SmgGDS to activate RhoA. Finally, the in vitro specificity of SmgGDS for RhoA and RhoC is retained in cells. Together, these results indicate that SmgGDS is a bona fide GEF that specifically activates RhoA and RhoC through a unique mechanism not used by other Rho family exchange factors.
Specific and Modular Binding Code for Cytosine Recognition in Pumilio/FBF (PUF) RNA-binding Domains
Creators: name: Wang, Yang
name: Tanaka Hall, Traci M.
name: Jezyk, Mark R.
name: Wang, Zefeng
name: Lu, Gang
name: Bigler, Rebecca
name: Dong, Shuyun
name: Cassidy-Amstutz, Caleb
name: Li, Chunhua
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Pumilio/fem-3 mRNA-binding factor (PUF) proteins possess a recognition code for bases A, U, and G, allowing designed RNA sequence specificity of their modular Pumilio (PUM) repeats. However, recognition side chains in a PUM repeat for cytosine are unknown. Here we report identification of a cytosine-recognition code by screening random amino acid combinations at conserved RNA recognition positions using a yeast three-hybrid system. This C-recognition code is specific and modular as specificity can be transferred to different positions in the RNA recognition sequence. A crystal structure of a modified PUF domain reveals specific contacts between an arginine side chain and the cytosine base. We applied the C-recognition code to design PUF domains that recognize targets with multiple cytosines and to generate engineered splicing factors that modulate alternative splicing. Finally, we identified a divergent yeast PUF protein, Nop9p, that may recognize natural target RNAs with cytosine. This work deepens our understanding of natural PUF protein target recognition and expands the ability to engineer PUF domains to recognize any RNA sequence.
Self-consistent model of edge doping in graphene
Creators: name: Pedersen, Thomas Garm
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dopants positioned near edges in nanostructured graphene behave differently from bulk dopants. Most notable, the amount of charge transferred to delocalized states (i.e. doping efficiency) depends on position as well as edge chirality. We apply a self-consistent tight-binding model to analyze this problem focusing on substitutional nitrogen and boron doping. Using a Greens function technique, very large structures can be studied and artificial interactions between dopants in periodically repeated simulations cells are avoided. We find pronounced signatures of edges in the local impurity density of states. Importantly, the doping efficiency is found to oscillate with sublattice position, in particular, for dopants near zigzag edges. Finally, to assess the effect of electron-electron interactions, we compute the self-energy corrected Greens function.
Entanglement in the states of the Two-Rotor-Model
Creators: name: Palumbo, Fabrizio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The eigenfunctions of the Two-Rotors Model are superpositions of states corresponding to precessions of the rotors around two orthogonal axes. In Nuclear Physics such an entanglement has not been directly confirmed. We discuss how it might be observed and compare with the application of the TRM to single domain nanoparticles. In the latter case, in addition to the present indirect evidence there is the possibility of direct observation in experiments at temperatures of the order of 1 K.
description: 11 pages, 2 figures
(3968) Thomas Ralph Morton
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
title: Sound and people
Creators: name: Northwood, T. D.
Publisher: name: National Research Council of Canada. Division of Building Research
Year: 1963
Subjects: subject: Acoustics
valueUri: urn:ircsubjects:IRC0800
subject: Acoustique
valueUri: urn:ircsubjects:IRC0800
subject: architectural acoustics
subject: acoustique architecturale
subject: sound characteristics
subject: caractéristique du son

description: The purpose of this digest is to sketch the properties of sound with particular attention to the properties relevant to the design and functioning of buildings.
On the occurrence of mantis shrimp Erugosquilla massavensis (Crustacea: Squillidae) in the Tunisian waters (central Mediterranean)
Creators: name: OUNIFI-BEN AMOR, Khadija
name: RIFI, Mouna
name: MILI, Sami
name: BEN SOUISSI, Jamila
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 2015

description: Surveys recently conducted throughout the Tunisian coast allow to record, for the first time, the indo pacific mantis shrimp Erugosquilla massavensis (Kossmann, 1880) in the area. Of the 11 specimens observed, 8 were collected in the Gulf of Gabes and 3 in Tunis Southern Lagoon. These new records point out an extension range of the species in the Mediterranean Sea, which could be explained by the pelagic life of larvae which enhances its expansion throughout the Mediterranean Sea. However, global warming and increasing of shipping traffic cannot be totally ruled out. Additionally these new Tunisian findings do not constitute a sufficient support to state that a sustainable population is at present established in the area.
Some inverse problems in periodic homogenization of Hamilton-Jacobi equations
Creators: name: Luo, Songting
name: Tran, Hung V.
name: Yu, Yifeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We look at the effective Hamiltonian $\bar H$ associated with the Hamiltonian $H(p,x)=H(p)+V(x)$ in the periodic homogenization theory. Our central goal is to understand the relation between $V$ and $\bar H$. We formulate some inverse problems concerning this relation. Such type of inverse problems are in general very challenging. In the paper, we discuss several special cases in both convex and nonconvex settings.
description: 29 pages, 5 figures
(3969) James Morton
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Structural Determinants of Affinity Enhancement between GoLoco Motifs and G-Protein α Subunit Mutants
Creators: name: Kuhlman, Brian
name: Sammond, Deanne W.
name: Willard, Francis S.
name: Kimple, Adam J.
name: Machius, Mischa
name: Miley, Michael J.
name: Muller, Robin E.
name: Bosch, Dustin E.
name: Siderovski, David P.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: GoLoco motif proteins bind to the inhibitory Gi subclass of G-protein α subunits and slow the release of bound GDP; this interaction is considered critical to asymmetric cell division and neuro-epithelium and epithelial progenitor differentiation. To provide protein tools for interrogating the precise cellular role(s) of GoLoco motif/Gαi complexes, we have employed structure-based protein design strategies to predict gain-of-function mutations that increase GoLoco motif binding affinity. Here, we describe fluorescence polarization and isothermal titration calorimetry measurements showing three predicted Gαi1 point mutations, E116L, Q147L, and E245L; each increases affinity for multiple GoLoco motifs. A component of this affinity enhancement results from a decreased rate of dissociation between the Gα mutants and GoLoco motifs. For Gαi1Q147L, affinity enhancement was seen to be driven by favorable changes in binding enthalpy, despite reduced contributions from binding entropy. The crystal structure of Gαi1Q147L bound to the RGS14 GoLoco motif revealed disorder among three peptide residues surrounding a well defined Leu-147 side chain. Monte Carlo simulations of the peptide in this region showed a sampling of multiple backbone conformations in contrast to the wild-type complex. We conclude that mutation of Glu-147 to leucine creates a hydrophobic surface favorably buried upon GoLoco peptide binding, yet the hydrophobic Leu-147 also promotes flexibility among residues 511–513 of the RGS14 GoLoco peptide.
(3970) Margaret Steel
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Editorial: Non-invasive physiological measurements: from discovery to implementation
Creators: name: Stoner L.
name: Pagan Lassalle P.
name: Heffernan K.
name: Bates-Fraser L.C.
name: Paterson C.
name: Zieff G.
Publisher: name: Frontiers Media SA
Year: 2023

description: The goal of this Research Topic, developed by the American College of Sports Medicine Non-Invasive Physiology (ACSM-NIP) interest group, was to demystify and increase the accessibility of non-invasive physiological measurement tools and procedures. The nomenclature “noninvasive physiological measurement” typically conjures imagery of laboratory wizardry and blue-skies science (e.g., where real-world applications are not immediately apparent). However, compared to invasive measurements, noninvasive physiological measurements often reduce financial and time burdens, lower risk of harm, and provide greater accessibility. These benefits may extend beyond the research setting to the clinical setting. Non-invasive measurements are crucial to a myriad of study types and research questions with implications spanning the research-clinical spectrum. Broad examples of research types in which non-invasive physiological measurements are used or have important implications include: i) discovery (interpreting clinical signals to better understand systems physiology), ii) clinical and preclinical/subclinical (establishing efficacy and safety of techniques or interventions, iii) epidemiological: identifying the distribution of disease or track cohorts, and iv) implementation (medical system approaches for tracking patient health). We, via this Research Topic, were interested in all article types (e.g., original research, brief reports, etc.) including those focused on bioengineering, mathematical modelling, laboratory-studies, clinical studies, epidemiological studies, and implementation studies. We were also interested in articles with implications for diversity, equity, and inclusivity, including those addressing life-stage, sex, gender, race, ethnicity, and disabilities.
Tearin' Up My Heart: Proteolysis in the Cardiac Sarcomere
Creators: name: Willis, Monte S.
name: Portbury, Andrea L.
name: Patterson, Cam
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Proteolysis within the cardiac sarcomere is a constantly evolving area of research. Three major pathways of proteolysis have been identified as being active within the cardiac sarcomere, namely the ubiquitin-proteasome system, autophagy, and the calpain system. The role of ubiquitin-proteasome system-mediated proteolysis in cardiovascular health and disease has been known for some time; however, it is now apparent that other proteolytic systems also aid in the stabilization of cardiac sarcomere structure and function. This minireview focuses on the individual as well as cooperative involvement of each of these three major pathways of proteolysis within the cardiac sarcomere.
Terminal N -Linked Galactose Is the Primary Receptor for Adeno-associated Virus 9
Creators: name: Shen, Shen
name: Brown, Sarah M.
name: Bryant, Kelli D.
name: Randell, Scott H.
name: Asokan, Aravind
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Sialylated glycans serve as cell surface attachment factors for a broad range of pathogens. We report an atypical example, where desialylation increases cell surface binding and infectivity of adeno-associated virus (AAV) serotype 9, a human parvovirus isolate. Enzymatic removal of sialic acid, but not heparan sulfate or chondroitin sulfate, increased AAV9 transduction regardless of cell type. Viral binding and transduction assays on mutant Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell lines defective in various stages of glycan chain synthesis revealed a potential role for core glycan residues under sialic acid in AAV9 transduction. Treatment with chemical inhibitors of glycosylation and competitive inhibition studies with different lectins suggest that N-linked glycans with terminal galactosyl residues facilitate cell surface binding and transduction by AAV9. In corollary, resialylation of galactosylated glycans on the sialic acid-deficient CHO Lec2 cell line with different sialyltransferases partially blocked AAV9 transduction. Quantitative analysis of AAV9 binding to parental, sialidase-treated or sialic acid-deficient mutant CHO cells revealed a 3–15-fold increase in relative binding potential of AAV9 particles upon desialylation. Finally, pretreatment of well differentiated human airway epithelial cultures and intranasal instillation of recombinant sialidase in murine airways enhanced transduction efficiency of AAV9 by >1 order of magnitude. Taken together, the studies described herein provide a molecular basis for low infectivity of AAV9 in vitro and a biochemical strategy to enhance gene transfer by AAV9 vectors in general.
Termination of the magnetorotational instability via parasitic instabilities in core-collapse supernovae
Creators: name: Rembiasz, Tomasz
name: Obergaulinger, Martin
name: Cerdá-Durán, Pablo
name: Müller, Ewald
name: Aloy, Miguel-Ángel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The magnetorotational instability (MRI) can be a powerful mechanism amplifying the magnetic field in core-collapse supernovae. Whether initially weak magnetic fields can be amplified by this instability to dynamically relevant strengths is still a matter of debate. One of the main uncertainties concerns the process that terminates the growth of the instability. Parasitic instabilities of both Kelvin-Helmholtz and tearing-mode type have been suggested to play a crucial role in this process, disrupting MRI channel flows and quenching magnetic field amplification. We perform two-dimensional and three-dimensional sheering-disc simulations of a differentially rotating protoneutron star layer in non-ideal magnetohydrodynamics with unprecedented high numerical accuracy, finding that Kelvin-Helmholtz parasitic modes dominate tearing modes in the regime of large hydrodynamic and magnetic Reynolds numbers, as encountered close to the surface of protoneutron stars. They also determine the maximum magnetic field stress achievable during the exponential growth of the MRI. Our results are consistent with the theory of parasitic instabilities based on a local stability analysis. To simulate the Kelvin-Helmholtz instabilities properly, a very high numerical resolution is necessary. Using ninth-order spatial reconstruction schemes, we find that at least eight grid zones per MRI channel are necessary to simulate the growth phase of the MRI and reach an accuracy of ~10 per cent in the growth rate, while more than ~60 zones per channel are required to achieve convergent results for the value of the magnetic stress at MRI termination.
description: 21 pages, 14 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Fertilization success and embryonic development in Perinereis macropus (Claparède, 1870) (Annelida: Nereidae)
Creators: name: ZRIBI, Soumaya
name: TEKAYA, Saïda
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 2015

description: Perinereis macropus is one of the widely distributed species in the Gulf of Gabès (South East Tunisia) but available information on its reproductive biology is scarcely documented. In the present paper, data on its sexual maturity and embryonic development are reported. Histological and electron microscopic analysis of female gametogenesis showed that the spawning occurs in April. During the breeding season, the coelomic cavity is completely packed with mature gametes. Sexual maturation is accompanied by a profound metamorphosis called "epitoky" during which specimens showed many morphological, ethological and anatomical transformations that involve the formation of a free- swimming sexual form (epitokous, "heteronereis"). Epitokous specimens release their gametes during a dance in concentric circles in the sea water. During the sexual maturity period, experimental fertilization is performed in vitro. Daily microscopic observations of fertilized eggs allowed us to describe embryonic and early post embryonic stages.
(3971) William Herbert Morton
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Total chlorophyll and nitrogen storage in the green alga Ulva pseudolinza
Creators: name: GÉVAERT, François
name: REES, T.A.V.
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 2015

description: Forms of nitrogen storage are well-documented in red and brown seaweeds, but there is virtually no information on what act as nitrogen storage compounds in green seaweeds. The green seaweed Ulva pseudolinza L. occurs throughout the intertidal at Ambleteuse and Wimereux on the eastern English Channel, where there is a semi-diurnal tide and a large tidal range. Consequently, there should be a range of tissue nitrogen and chlorophyll content and chlorophyll a:b ratios in individuals of this green seaweed throughout the intertidal. There was a significant negative relationship between the tissue nitrogen content and the chlorophyll a:b ratio. The relationship between tissue nitrogen and either chlorophyll a or b was poor, but there was a strong positive relationship between tissue nitrogen and total chlorophyll. With low chlorophyll a:b ratios, which also coincided with high tissue nitrogen content, high chlorophyll b content occurred at the expense of chlorophyll a to maintain a constant relationship between total chlorophyll and tissue nitrogen. We discuss reasons for the relationships between tissue nitrogen, chlorophyll a and b and the chlorophyll a:b ratio.
Tethering DNA Damage Checkpoint Mediator Proteins Topoisomerase IIβ-binding Protein 1 (TopBP1) and Claspin to DNA Activates Ataxia-Telangiectasia Mutated and RAD3-related (ATR) Phosphorylation of Checkpoint Kinase 1 (Chk1)
Creators: name: Sancar, Aziz
name: Lindsey-Boltz, Laura A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: The ataxia-telangiectasia mutated and RAD3-related (ATR) kinase initiates DNA damage signaling pathways in human cells after DNA damage such as that induced upon exposure to ultraviolet light by phosphorylating many effector proteins including the checkpoint kinase Chk1. The conventional view of ATR activation involves a universal signal consisting of genomic regions of replication protein A-covered single-stranded DNA. However, there are some indications that the ATR-mediated checkpoint can be activated by other mechanisms. Here, using the well defined Escherichia coli lac repressor/operator system, we have found that directly tethering the ATR activator topoisomerase IIβ-binding protein 1 (TopBP1) to DNA is sufficient to induce ATR phosphorylation of Chk1 in an in vitro system as well as in vivo in mammalian cells. In addition, we find synergistic activation of ATR phosphorylation of Chk1 when the mediator protein Claspin is also tethered to the DNA with TopBP1. Together, these findings indicate that crowding of checkpoint mediator proteins on DNA is sufficient to activate the ATR kinase.
Abridged continuous data assimilation for the 2D Navier-Stokes equations utilizing measurements of only one component of the velocity field
Creators: name: Farhat, Aseel
name: Lunasin, Evelyn
name: Titi, Edriss S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We introduce a continuous data assimilation (downscaling) algorithm for the two-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations employing coarse mesh measurements of only one component of the velocity field. This algorithm can be implemented with a variety of finitely many observables: low Fourier modes, nodal values, finite volume averages, or finite elements. We provide conditions on the spatial resolution of the observed data, under the assumption that the observed data is free of noise, which are sufficient to show that the solution of the algorithm approaches, at an exponential rate asymptotically in time, to the unique exact unknown reference solution, of the 2D Navier-Stokes equations, associated with the observed (finite dimensional projection of) velocity.
Elasmobranch bycatch in a bottom trawl fishery in the Iskenderun Bay, northeastern Mediterranean
Creators: name: YAGLIOGLU, Deniz
name: DENIZ, Tomris
name: GURLEK, Mevlut
name: ERGUDEN, Deniz
name: TURAN, Cemal
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 2015

description: Total biomass, species composition, depth distribution, seasonal distribution and abundance of elasmobranchs were examined by commercial bottom trawls between 2009 and 2010 from Iskenderun Bay, Turkish coast of the northeastern Mediterranean. From 52 bottom trawl surveys, it was estimated that elasmobranchs represented 23% (190.1 kg.km-2) of total fish biomass (840.8 kg.km-2) in Iskenderun Bay. Dasyatis pastinaca, Gymnura altavela, Raja clavata and Rhinobatos spp. (Rhinobatos rhinobatos and Glaucostegus cemiculus) showed high occurrence and represented each between 11.10 and 38.46% of the whole elasmobranch biomass. The other species, Dipturus oxyrinchus, Raja miraletus, Torpedo marmorata and Torpedo torpedo, represented each between 0.12 and 2.82% of the total elasmobranchs biomass. Shark species, Mustelus mustelus, Scyliorhinus stellaris, Scyliorhinus canicula, Galeus melastomus and Squatina squatina, represented each between 0.45 and 1.7% of the whole elasmobranchs biomass. When seasonal distribution was examined, total catch of fish were 32.38, 23.24, 10.71 and 33.65%, of which elasmobranchs species constitute 24.11, 34.12, 20.42 and 21.34% in autumn, winter, spring and summer respectively. Single or sporadic captures were also recorded for Isurus oxyrinchus, Carcharhinus plumbeus, Carcharhinus altimus, Oxynotus centrina, Raja radula, Rhinoptera marginata and Pteromylaeus bovinus.