cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Concerted Impact of Galaxies and QSOs on the Ionization and Thermal State of the Intergalactic Medium
Creators: name: Kakiichi, Koki
name: Graziani, Luca
name: Ciardi, Benedetta
name: Meiksin, Avery
name: Compostella, Michele
name: Eide, Marius B.
name: Zaroubi, Saleem
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a detailed analysis of the ionization and thermal structure of the intergalactic medium (IGM) around a high-redshift QSO using a large suite of cosmological, multi-frequency radiative transfer (RT) simulations, exploring the contribution from galaxies as well as the QSO, and the effect of X-rays and secondary ionization. We show that in high-z QSO environments both the central QSO and the surrounding galaxies concertedly control the reionization morphology of hydrogen and helium and have a non-linear impact on the thermal structure of the IGM. A QSO imprints a distinctive morphology on H II regions if its total ionizing photon budget exceeds that of the surrounding galaxies since the onset of hydrogen reionization; otherwise, the morphology shows little difference from that of H II regions produced only by galaxies. In addition, the spectral shape of the collective radiation field from galaxies and QSOs controls the thickness of the I-fronts. While a UV-obscured QSO can broaden the I-front, the contribution from other UV sources, either galaxies or unobscured QSO, is sufficient to maintain a sharp I-front. X-rays photons from the QSO are responsible for a prominent extended tail of partial ionization ahead of the I-front. QSOs leave a unique imprint on the morphology of He II / He III regions. We suggest that, while the physical state of the IGM is modified by QSOs, the most direct test to understand the role of galaxies and QSOs during reionization is to perform galaxy surveys in a region of sky imaged by 21 cm tomography.
description: 19 pages, 22 figures, submitted
Ludendorff Coronal Flattening Index of the Total Solar Eclipse on March 9, 2016
Creators: name: Dani, Tiar
name: Priyatikanto, Rhorom
name: Rachman, Abdul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ludendorff coronal flattening index of the Total Solar Eclipse (TSE) on March 9, 2016, was calculated at various distances in solar radius. As a result, we obtained the coronal flattening index $\left(ε=a+b\right)$ at a distance of 2 solar radii is 0.16. The $24^{th}$ solar cycle phase based on the 2016 TSE event obtained -0.64 which showed the corona is pre-minimum type. Resulted coronal flattening index value gives a predicted maximum amplitude of the monthly sunspot number ($W_{max}$) for the $25^{th}$ solar cycle to be $70\pm65$. Therefore, the solar activity for $25^{th}$ solar cycle predicted to be lower than the current solar cycle, which has a maximum sunspot number value of 146 in February 2014
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, presented in the International Symposium on Sun, Earth, and Life
Cross products, invariants, and centralizers
Creators: name: Benkart, Georgia
name: Elduque, Alberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20G05, 17B10

description: An algebra $V$ with a cross product $\times$ has dimension 3 or 7. In this work, we use 3-tangles to describe, and provide a basis for, the space of homomorphisms from $V^{\otimes n}$ to $V^{\otimes m}$ that are invariant under the action of the automorphism group $Aut(V,\times)$ of $V$, which is a special orthogonal group when $dim V = 3$, and a simple algebraic group of type $G_2$ when $dim V= 7$. When $m = n$, this gives a graphical description of the centralizer algebra $End_{Aut(V,\times)}(V^{\otimes n})$, and therefore, also a graphical realization of the $Aut(V,\times)$-invariants in $V^{\otimes 2n}$ equivalent to the First Fundamental Theorem of Invariant Theory. We show how the 3-dimensional simple Kaplansky Jordan superalgebra can be interpreted as a cross product (super)algebra and use 3-tangles to obtain a graphical description of the centralizers and invariants of the Kaplansky superalgebra relative to the action of the special orthosymplectic group.
description: 27 pages
Leveraging Unstructured Data to Detect Emerging Reliability Issues
Creators: name: Kakde, Deovrat
name: Chaudhuri, Arin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Unstructured data refers to information that does not have a predefined data model or is not organized in a pre-defined manner. Loosely speaking, unstructured data refers to text data that is generated by humans. In after-sales service businesses, there are two main sources of unstructured data: customer complaints, which generally describe symptoms, and technician comments, which outline diagnostics and treatment information. A legitimate customer complaint can eventually be tracked to a failure or a claim. However, there is a delay between the time of a customer complaint and the time of a failure or a claim. A proactive strategy aimed at analyzing customer complaints for symptoms can help service providers detect reliability problems in advance and initiate corrective actions such as recalls. This paper introduces essential text mining concepts in the context of reliability analysis and a method to detect emerging reliability issues. The application of the method is illustrated using a case study.
Momentum dependence of the imaginary part of the $ω$- and $η^\prime$-nucleus optical potential
Creators: name: Friedrich, S.
name: Nanova, M.
name: Metag, V.
name: Afzal, F. N.
name: Bayadilov, D.
name: Bantes, B.
name: Beck, R.
name: Becker, M.
name: Böse, S.
name: Brinkmann, K. -T.
name: Crede, V.
name: Drexler, P.
name: Eberhardt, H.
name: Elsner, D.
name: Frommberger, F.
name: Funke, Ch.
name: Gottschall, M.
name: Grüner, M.
name: Gutz, E.
name: Hammann, Ch.
name: Hannappel, J.
name: Hartmann, J.
name: Hillert, W.
name: Hoffmeister, Ph.
name: Honisch, Ch.
name: Jude, T.
name: Kaiser, D.
name: Kalischewski, F.
name: Keshelashvili, I.
name: Klein, F.
name: Koop, K.
name: Krusche, B.
name: Lang, M.
name: Makonyi, K.
name: Messi, F.
name: Müller, J.
name: Müllers, J.
name: Piontek, D. -M.
name: Rostomyan, T.
name: Schaab, D.
name: Schmidt, Ch.
name: Schmieden, H.
name: Schmitz, R.
name: Seifen, T.
name: Sokhoyan, V.
name: Sowa, C.
name: Spieker, K.
name: Thiel, A.
name: Thoma, U.
name: Triffterer, T.
name: Urban, M.
name: van Pee, H.
name: Walther, D.
name: Wendel, Ch.
name: Werthmüller, D.
name: Wiedner, U.
name: Wilson, A.
name: Witthauer, L.
name: Wunderlich, Y.
name: Zaunick, H. -G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The photoproduction of $ω$ and $η^\prime$ mesons off carbon and niobium nuclei has been measured as a function of the meson momentum for incident photon energies of 1.2-2.9 GeV at the electron accelerator ELSA. The mesons have been identified via the $ω\rightarrow π^0 γ\rightarrow 3 γ$ and $η^\prime\rightarrow π^0 π^0η\rightarrow 6 γ$ decays, respectively, registered with the CBELSA/TAPS detector system. From the measured meson momentum distributions the momentum dependence of the transparency ratio has been determined for both mesons. Within a Glauber analysis the in-medium $ω$ and $η^\prime$ widths and the corresponding absorption cross sections have been deduced as a function of the meson momentum. The results are compared to recent theoretical predictions for the in-medium $ω$ width and $η^\prime$-N absorption cross sections. The energy dependence of the imaginary part of the $ω$- and $η^\prime$-nucleus optical potential has been extracted. The finer binning of the present data compared to the existing data allows a more reliable extrapolation towards the production threshold. The modulus of the imaginary part of the $η^\prime$ nucleus potential is found to be about three times smaller than recently determined values of the real part of the $η^\prime$-nucleus potential, which makes the $η^\prime$ meson a suitable candidate for the search for meson-nucleus bound states. For the $ω$ meson, the modulus of the imaginary part near threshold is comparable to the modulus of the real part of the potential. As a consequence, only broad structures can be expected which makes the observation of $ω$ mesic states very difficult experimentally.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures
Finite element modelling of submarine pipeline installation and on-bottom behaviour on irregular seabed
Creators: name: Lim, Kok Kien.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Investigation of the thermal regime of thermoelectric generators in waste heat recovery applications
Creators: name: Haidar, Jihad George.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Variance-based uncertainty relations for incompatible observables
Creators: name: Chen, Bin
name: Cao, Ning-Ping
name: Fei, Shao-Ming
name: Long, Gui-Lu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We formulate uncertainty relations for arbitrary finite number of incompatible observables. Based on the sum of variances of the observables, both Heisenberg-type and Schrödinger-type uncertainty relations are provided. These new lower bounds are stronger in most of the cases than the ones derived from some existing inequalities. Detailed examples are presented.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures
The Origin of the Iron-Rich Knot in Tycho's Supernova Remnant
Creators: name: Yamaguchi, Hiroya
name: Hughes, John P.
name: Badenes, Carles
name: Bravo, Eduardo
name: Seitenzahl, Ivo R.
name: Martınez-Rodrıguez, Hector
name: Park, Sangwook
name: Petre, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: X-ray observations of supernova remnants (SNRs) allow us to investigate the chemical inhomogeneity of ejecta, offering unique insight into the nucleosynthesis in supernova explosions. Here we present detailed imaging and spectroscopic studies of the "Fe knot" located along the eastern rim of the Type Ia SNR Tycho (SN 1572) using Suzaku and Chandra long-exposure data. Surprisingly, the Suzaku spectrum of this knot shows no emission from Cr, Mn, or Ni, which is unusual for the Fe-rich regions in this SNR. Within the framework of the canonical delayed-detonation models for SN Ia, the observed mass ratios M_Cr/M_Fe < 0.023, M_Mn/M_Fe < 0.012, and M_Ni/M_Fe < 0.029 (at 90% confidence) can only be achieved for a peak temperature of (5.3-5.7) x 10^9 K and a neutron excess of < 2.0 x 10^-3. These constraints rule out the deep, dense core of a Chandrasekhar-mass white dwarf as the origin of the Fe knot, and favors either incomplete Si burning or the alpha-rich freeze-out regime, probably close to their boundary. An explosive He burning regime is a possible alternative, although this hypothesis is in conflict with the main properties of this SNR.
description: 13 pages, 13 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
MagAO: Status and Science
Creators: name: Morzinski, Katie M.
name: Close, Laird M.
name: Males, Jared R.
name: Hinz, Phil M.
name: Esposito, Simone
name: Riccardi, Armando
name: Briguglio, Runa
name: Follette, Katherine B.
name: Pinna, Enrico
name: Puglisi, Alfio
name: Vezilj, Jennifer
name: Xompero, Marco
name: Wu, Ya-Lin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: "MagAO" is the adaptive optics instrument at the Magellan Clay telescope at Las Campanas Observatory, Chile. MagAO has a 585-actuator adaptive secondary mirror and 1000-Hz pyramid wavefront sensor, operating on natural guide stars from $R$-magnitudes of -1 to 15. MagAO has been in on-sky operation for 166 nights since installation in 2012. MagAO's unique capabilities are simultaneous imaging in the visible and infrared with VisAO and Clio, excellent performance at an excellent site, and a lean operations model. Science results from MagAO include the first ground-based CCD image of an exoplanet, demonstration of the first accreting protoplanets, discovery of a new wide-orbit exoplanet, and the first empirical bolometric luminosity of an exoplanet. We describe the status, report the AO performance, and summarize the science results. New developments reported here include color corrections on red guide stars for the wavefront sensor, a new field stop stage to facilitate VisAO imaging of extended sources; and eyepiece observing at the visible-light diffraction limit of a 6.5-m telescope. We also discuss a recent hose failure that led to a glycol coolant leak, and the recovery of the adaptive secondary mirror (ASM) after this recent (Feb.\ 2016) incident.
description: 17 pages, 11 figures, presented at SPIE Astronomical Telescopes & Instrumentation 2016. Update about the ASM at http://visao.as.arizona.edu/uncategorized/magao-r-day-219/
The development of a thermistor-based instrument for evaluating vehicle cooling inlet aerodynamic performance
Creators: name: Burton, David M.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
New economic windows on income and wealth: The k-generalized family of distributions
Creators: name: Clementi, F.
name: Gallegati, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Finance (q-fin.GN)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Over the last decades, the distribution of income and wealth has been deteriorating in many countries, leading to increased inequalities within and between societies. This tendency has revived the interest in the subject greatly, yet it still receives very little attention within the realm of mainstream economic thinking. One reason for this is that the basic paradigm of "standard economics", the representative-agent General Equilibrium framework, is badly equipped to cope with distributional issues. Here we argue that when the economy is treated as a complex system composed of many heterogeneous interacting agents who give rise to emergent phenomena, to address the main stylized facts of income/wealth distribution requires leaving the toolbox of mainstream economics in favour of alternative approaches. The "k-generalized" family of income/wealth distributions, building on the categories of complexity, is an example of how advances in the field can be achieved within new interdisciplinary research contexts.
description: LaTeX2e; 14 pages with 3 figures
Reaction rates for reaction-diffusion kinetics on unstructured meshes
Creators: name: Hellander, Stefan
name: Petzold, Linda
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The reaction-diffusion master equation is a stochastic model often utilized in the study of biochemical reaction networks in living cells. It is applied when the spatial distribution of molecules is important to the dynamics of the system. A viable approach to resolve the complex geometry of cells accurately is to discretize space with an unstructured mesh. Diffusion is modeled as discrete jumps between nodes on the mesh, and the diffusion jump rates can be obtained through a discretization of the diffusion equation on the mesh. Reactions can occur when molecules occupy the same voxel. In this paper, we develop a method for computing accurate reaction rates between molecules occupying the same voxel in an unstructured mesh. For large voxels, these rates are known to be well approximated by the reaction rates derived by Collins and Kimball, but as the mesh is refined, no analytical expression for the rates exists. We reduce the problem of computing accurate reaction rates to a pure preprocessing step, depending only on the mesh and not on the model parameters, and we devise an efficient numerical scheme to estimate them to high accuracy. We show in several numerical examples that as we refine the mesh, the results obtained with the reaction-diffusion master equation approach those of a more fine-grained Smoluchowski particle-tracking model.
Perspectivas morais do fenômeno migratório no magistério recente
Creators: name: Lemos, Antônio
Publisher: name: University of Notre Dame
Year: 2023

description: Analisamos com atenção todos os documentos do Concílio que tocavam o tema da migração, bem como
todas as encíclicas, exortações apostólicas e mensagens pontifícias pelo dia mundial do
migrante. Estas últimas foram de especial ajuda, pois por meio delas, começando por
João Paulo II, os pontífices buscaram aprofundar a reflexão sobre o fenômeno
migratório desde algum aspecto particular, como por exemplo o direito dos
trabalhadores ou a integração cultural. Com todo o material estudado, procuramos
oferecer uma síntese orgânica e sistemática da perspectiva moral do fenômeno
migratório segundo o Magistério recente. Essa síntese está dividida em três partes:
primeiro, como os papas avaliam a migração em suas causas e consequências, em
especial os problemas morais; depois, como encontra luz na Sagrada Escritura para
interpretar o fenômeno; e por último, quais princípios morais o Magistério usa para
julgar a migração e oferecer critérios de ação.
Armonizar la regulación con la cultura
Creators: name: Suing, Abel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: comunicación
cultura
regulación
identidad
libertad
expresión
educación
Ecuador

description: Publicación presentada en la sección de opinión del diario digital hora 32 https://hora32.com.ec/ que se edita en Loja (Ecuador)
Using process integration techniques to minimise the weight of an offshore oil and gas processing fractionation facility
Creators: name: Westover, John.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
On the Propagation of a Geoeffective Coronal Mass Ejection during March 15 -- 17, 2015
Creators: name: Wang, Yuming
name: Zhang, Quanhao
name: Liu, Jiajia
name: Shen, Chenglong
name: Shen, Fang
name: Yang, Zicai
name: Zic, T.
name: Vrsnak, B.
name: Webb, D. F.
name: Liu, Rui
name: Wang, S.
name: Zhang, Jie
name: Hu, Qiang
name: Zhuang, Bin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The largest geomagnetic storm so far in the solar cycle 24 was produced by a fast coronal mass ejection (CME) originating on 2015 March 15. It was an initially west-oriented CME and expected to only cause a weak geomagnetic disturbance. Why did this CME finally cause such a large geomagnetic storm? We try to find some clues by investigating its propagation from the Sun to 1 AU. First, we reconstruct the CME's kinematic properties in the corona from the SOHO and SDO imaging data with the aid of the graduated cylindrical shell (GCS) model. It is suggested that the CME propagated to the west $\sim$$33^\circ$$\pm$$10^\circ$ away from the Sun-Earth line with a speed of about 817 km s$^{-1}$ before leaving the field of view of the SOHO/LASCO C3 camera. A magnetic cloud (MC) corresponding to this CME was measured in-situ by the Wind spacecraft two days later. By applying two MC reconstruction methods, we infer the configuration of the MC as well as some kinematic information, which implies that the CME possibly experienced an eastward deflection on its way to 1 AU. However, due to the lack of observations from the STEREO spacecraft, the CME's kinematic evolution in interplanetary space is not clear. In order to fill this gap, we utilize numerical MHD simulation, drag-based CME propagation model (DBM) and the model for CME deflection in interplanetary space (DIPS) to recover the propagation process, especially the trajectory, of the CME from $30 R_S$ to 1 AU. It is suggested that the trajectory of the CME was deflected toward the Earth by about $12^\circ$, consistent with the implication from the MC reconstruction at 1 AU. This eastward deflection probably contributed to the CME's unexpected geoeffectiveness by pushing the center of the initially west-oriented CME closer to the Earth.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures, 1 table, accepted by JGR - Space Physics
Structure Based Aesthetics and Support of Cognitive Tasks for Graph Evaluation
Creators: name: Huang, Weidong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Drawing principles, or aesthetics, are important in graph drawing. They are used as criteria for algorithm design and for quality evaluation. Current aesthetics are described as visual properties that a drawing is required to have to be visually pleasing. However, most of these aesthetics are originally proposed without consideration of graph structure information. Therefore their ability in visually revealing graph structural features are not guaranteed and indeed mixed results have been reported in the literature regarding their impact on user graph comprehension. In this paper, we propose to derive aesthetics based on graph internal structural features. Further, graphs are often evaluated based on controlled experiments with simple perception tasks to avoid possible confounding factors caused by complex tasks. This leaves their value in supporting complex tasks unevaluated. To fill this gap, we also discuss the possibility of applying evaluation methodologies used in the Cognitive Load Theory research for graph evaluation.
Machine Learning in Falls Prediction; A cognition-based predictor of falls for the acute neurological in-patient population
Creators: name: Mateen, Bilal A.
name: Bussas, Matthias
name: Doogan, Catherine
name: Waller, Denise
name: Saverino, Alessia
name: Király, Franz J
name: Playford, E Diane
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Background Information: Falls are associated with high direct and indirect costs, and significant morbidity and mortality for patients. Pathological falls are usually a result of a compromised motor system, and/or cognition. Very little research has been conducted on predicting falls based on this premise. Aims: To demonstrate that cognitive and motor tests can be used to create a robust predictive tool for falls. Methods: Three tests of attention and executive function (Stroop, Trail Making, and Semantic Fluency), a measure of physical function (Walk-12), a series of questions (concerning recent falls, surgery and physical function) and demographic information were collected from a cohort of 323 patients at a tertiary neurological center. The principal outcome was a fall during the in-patient stay (n = 54). Data-driven, predictive modelling was employed to identify the statistical modelling strategies which are most accurate in predicting falls, and which yield the most parsimonious models of clinical relevance. Results: The Trail test was identified as the best predictor of falls. Moreover, addition of any others variables, to the results of the Trail test did not improve the prediction (Wilcoxon signed-rank p < .001). The best statistical strategy for predicting falls was the random forest (Wilcoxon signed-rank p < .001), based solely on results of the Trail test. Tuning of the model results in the following optimized values: 68% (+- 7.7) sensitivity, 90% (+- 2.3) specificity, with a positive predictive value of 60%, when the relevant data is available. Conclusion: Predictive modelling has identified a simple yet powerful machine learning prediction strategy based on a single clinical test, the Trail test. Predictive evaluation shows this strategy to be robust, suggesting predictive modelling and machine learning as the standard for future predictive tools.
EUinLAC Lecture 9 Slides: The UK and Latin America. Policy continuity in a post-Brexit era or waning relevance?
Creators: name: Gardini, Gian Luca (Editor)
name: Garcia, Maria
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: The project “The reconfiguration of the European Union presence in Latin America and the Caribbean” (EUinLAC) was conceived and launched between 2019 and 2020. The European Union Jean Monnet programme generously financed it in 2020 and the project activities were carried out between 2020 and 2023. The project was designed to promote both research and teaching on European Union (EU)-Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) relations. The first mission was accomplished with the publication of the volume named after the project “The Redefinition of EU presence in Latin America and the Caribbean”, which brings together 18 original contributions on the topic and was published by Peter Lang in 2023. The second objective was met by the release of this innovative open educational resource, or teaching tool, an undertaking that Friedrich-Alexander University Press enthusiastically embraced and published in full open access to reach as wide an audience as possible.
Improving the reliability of low strain integrity testing interpretation
Creators: name: Tan, Su Kwong.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Relaxation Dynamics in Photoexcited Chiral Molecules Studied by Time-Resolved Photoelectron Circular Dichroism: Toward Chiral Femtochemistry
Creators: name: Comby, Antoine
name: Beaulieu, Samuel
name: Boggio-Pasqua, Martial
name: Descamps, Dominique
name: Légaré, Francois
name: Nahon, Laurent
name: Petit, Stéphane
name: Pons, Bernard
name: Fabre, Baptiste
name: Mairesse, Yann
name: Blanchet, Valérie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Unravelling the main initial dynamics responsible for chiral recognition is a key stepin the understanding of many biological processes. However this challenging task requires a sensitive enantiospecic probe to investigate molecular dynamics on their natural femtosecond timescale. Here we show that, in the gas phase, the ultrafast relaxationdynamics of photoexcited chiral molecules can be tracked by recording Time-ResolvedPhotoElectron Circular Dichroism (TR-PECD) resulting from the photoionisation bya circularly polarized probe pulse. A large forward/backward asymmetry along theprobe propagation axis is observed in the photoelectron angular distribution. Its evolution with pump-probe delay reveals ultrafast dynamics that are inaccessible in theangle-integrated photoelectron spectrum nor via the usual electron emission anisotropyparameter ($β$). PECD, which originates from the electron scattering in the chiral molecular potential, appears as a new sensitive observable for ultrafast molecular dynamicsin chiral systems.
Worst case QC-MDPC decoder for McEliece cryptosystem
Creators: name: Chaulet, Julia
name: Sendrier, Nicolas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: McEliece encryption scheme which enjoys relatively small key sizes as well as a security reduction to hard problems of coding theory. Furthermore, it remains secure against a quantum adversary and is very well suited to low cost implementations on embedded devices. Decoding MDPC codes is achieved with the (iterative) bit flipping algorithm, as for LDPC codes. Variable time decoders might leak some information on the code structure (that is on the sparse parity check equations) and must be avoided. A constant time decoder is easy to emulate, but its running time depends on the worst case rather than on the average case. So far implementations were focused on minimizing the average cost. We show that the tuning of the algorithm is not the same to reduce the maximal number of iterations as for reducing the average cost. This provides some indications on how to engineer the QC-MDPC-McEliece scheme to resist a timing side-channel attack.
description: 5 pages, conference ISIT 2016
New frontiers with quantum gases of polar molecules
Creators: name: Moses, Steven A.
name: Covey, Jacob P.
name: Miecnikowski, Matthew T.
name: Jin, Deborah S.
name: Ye, Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The field of ultracold quantum matter has burgeoned over the last few decades, thanks to the growing capabilities for atomic systems to be probed and manipulated with exquisite control. Researchers can now precisely create and study quantum many-body states that are effectively isolated from the external environment. Much of the work in ultracold matter has focused on systems of alkali or alkaline-earth atoms, mainly due to their ease of cooling. Extending this precise control to molecules has seen rapidly increasing interest and activity, as molecules possess additional degrees of freedom that make them useful for tests of fundamental physics, studying ultracold chemistry and collisions, and engineering qualitatively new types of quantum phases and quantum many-body systems. Here, we review one particularly fruitful research direction: the creation and manipulation of ultracold bialkali molecules. The recent success in creating a quantum gas of polar molecules opens many exciting research opportunities.
description: 29 pages, 4 figures
Magnetic Cycles and Rotation Periods of Late Type Stars from photometric time series
Creators: name: Mascareño, A. Suárez
name: Rebolo, R.
name: Hernández, J. I. González
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the photometric modulation induced by magnetic activity cycles and study the relationship between rotation period and activity cycle(s) in late-type (FGKM) stars. We analyse light-curves spanning up to 9 years of 125 nearby stars provided by the ASAS survey. The sample is mainly conformed by low-activity main sequence late A to mid M-type stars. A search is performed for short (days) and long-term (years) periodic variations in the photometry. We modelled with combinations of sinusoids the light-curves to measure the properties of these periodic signals. To provide a better statistical interpretation of our results we complement them with the results from previous similar works. We have been able to measure long-term photometric cycles of 47 stars. Rotational modulation was also detected and rotational periods measured in 36 stars. For 28 stars we have simultaneous measurements of both, activity cycles and rotational periods, being 17 of them M-type stars. From sinusoidal fits we measured both photometric amplitudes and periods. The measured cycle periods range from 2 up to 14 yr with photometric amplitudes in the range of 5-20 mmag. We have found that the distribution of cycle lengths for the different spectral types is similar. On the other hand the distribution of rotation periods is completely different, trending to longer periods for later type stars. The amplitudes induced by magnetic cycles and rotation show a clear correlation. A trend of photometric amplitudes with rotation period is also outlined in the data. For a given activity index the amplitudes of the photometric variability induced by activity cycles of main sequence GK stars are lower than those of early and mid-M dwarfs. Using spectroscopic data we also provide an update in the empirical relationship between the level of chromospheric activity as given by log(Rhk) and the rotation periods.
description: 14 pages, 22 figures, 5 tables
The effect of aging on coated board at Petrie Mill Amcor Cartonboard Australasia
Creators: name: Czarny, Michael Arkadiusz.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Evidence of magnetic field decay in massive main-sequence stars
Creators: name: Fossati, L.
name: Schneider, F. R. N.
name: Castro, N.
name: Langer, N.
name: Simon-Diaz, S.
name: Mueller, A.
name: de Koter, A.
name: Morel, T.
name: Petit, V.
name: Sana, H.
name: Wade, G. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A significant fraction of massive main-sequence stars show strong, large-scale magnetic fields. The origin of these fields, their lifetimes, and their role in shaping the characteristics and evolution of massive stars are currently not well understood. We compile a catalogue of 389 massive main-sequence stars, 61 of which are magnetic, and derive their fundamental parameters and ages. The two samples contain stars brighter than magnitude 9 in the V band and range in mass between 5 and 100 Msun. We find that the fractional main-sequence age distribution of all considered stars follows what is expected for a magnitude limited sample, while that of magnetic stars shows a clear decrease towards the end of the main sequence. This dearth of old magnetic stars is independent of the choice of adopted stellar evolution tracks, and appears to become more prominent when considering only the most massive stars. We show that the decreasing trend in the distribution is significantly stronger than expected from magnetic flux conservation. We also find that binary rejuvenation and magnetic suppression of core convection are unlikely to be responsible for the observed lack of older magnetic massive stars, and conclude that its most probable cause is the decay of the magnetic field, over a time span longer than the stellar lifetime for the lowest considered masses, and shorter for the highest masses. We then investigate the spin-down ages of the slowly rotating magnetic massive stars and find them to exceed the stellar ages by far in many cases. The high fraction of very slowly rotating magnetic stars thus provides an independent argument for a decay of the magnetic fields.
description: Accepted for publication on A&A; 9 pages, 8 figures
Oxygen modulated quantum conductance for ultra-thin HfO$_2$-based memristive switching devices
Creators: name: Zhong, Xiaoliang
name: Rungger, Ivan
name: Zapol, Peter
name: Heinonen, Olle
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Memristive switching devices, candidates for resistive random access memory technology, have been shown to switch off through a progression of states with quantized conductance and subsequent non-integer conductance (in terms of conductance quantum $G_0$). We have performed calculations based on density functional theory to model the switching process for a Pt-HfO$_2$-Pt structure, involving the movement of one or two oxygen atoms. Oxygen atoms moving within a conductive oxygen vacancy filament act as tunneling barriers, and partition the filament into weakly coupled quantum wells. We show that the low-bias conductance decreases exponentially when one oxygen atom moves away from interface. Our results demonstrate the high sensitivity of the device conductance to the position of oxygen atoms.
Light Dark Matter in Superfluid Helium: Detection with Multi-excitation Production
Creators: name: Knapen, Simon
name: Lin, Tongyan
name: Zurek, Kathryn M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine in depth a recent proposal to utilize superfluid helium for direct detection of sub-MeV mass dark matter. For sub-keV recoil energies, nuclear scattering events in liquid helium primarily deposit energy into long-lived phonon and roton quasiparticle excitations. If the energy thresholds of the detector can be reduced to the meV scale, then dark matter as light as ~MeV can be reached with ordinary nuclear recoils. If, on the other hand, two or more quasiparticle excitations are directly produced in the dark matter interaction, the kinematics of the scattering allows sensitivity to dark matter as light as ~keV at the same energy resolution. We present in detail the theoretical framework for describing excitations in superfluid helium, using it to calculate the rate for the leading dark matter scattering interaction, where an off-shell phonon splits into two or more higher-momentum excitations. We validate our analytic results against the measured and simulated dynamic response of superfluid helium. Finally, we apply this formalism to the case of a kinetically mixed hidden photon in the superfluid, both with and without an external electric field to catalyze the processes.
description: 43 pages, 10 figures
Rescuing the nonjet (NJ) azimuth quadrupole from the flow narrative
Creators: name: Trainor, Thomas A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: According to the flow narrative commonly applied to high-energy nuclear collisions a cylindrical-quadrupole component of 1D azimuth angular correlations is conventionally denoted by quantity $v_2$ and interpreted to represent elliptic flow. Jet angular correlations may also contribute to $v_2$ data as "nonflow" depending on the method used to calculate $v_2$, but 2D graphical methods are available to insure accurate separation. The nonjet (NJ) quadrupole has various properties inconsistent with a flow interpretation, including the observation that NJ quadrupole centrality variation in A-A collisions has no relation to strongly-varying jet modification ("jet quenching") in those collisions commonly attributed to jet interaction with a flowing dense medium. In this presentation I describe isolation of quadrupole spectra from pt-differential $v_2(p_t)$ data from the RHIC and LHC. I demonstrate that quadrupole spectra have characteristics very different from the single-particle spectra for most hadrons, that quadrupole spectra indicate a common boosted hadron source for a small minority of hadrons that "carry" the NJ quadrupole structure, that the narrow source-boost distribution is characteristic of an expanding thin cylindrical shell (strongly contradicting hydro descriptions), and that in the boost frame a single universal quadrupole spectrum (Lévy distribution) on transverse mass $m_t$ accurately describes data for several hadron species scaled according to their statistical-model abundances. The quadrupole spectrum shape changes very little from RHIC to LHC energies. Taken in combination those characteristics strongly suggest a unique {\em nonflow} (and nonjet) QCD mechanism for the NJ quadrupole conventionally represented by $v_2$.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures, to appear in proceedings of the XLVI International Symposium on Multiparticle Dynamics
Cohort aggregation modelling for complex forest stands: Spruce-aspen mixtures in British Columbia
Creators: name: García, Oscar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Mixed-species growth models are needed as a synthesis of ecological knowledge and for guiding forest management. Individual-tree models have been commonly used, but the difficulties of reliably scaling from the individual to the stand level are often underestimated. Emergent properties and statistical issues limit their effectiveness. A more holistic modelling of aggregates at the whole stand level is a potentially attractive alternative. This work explores methodology for developing biologically consistent dynamic mixture models where the state is described by aggregate stand-level variables for species or age/size cohorts. The methods are demonstrated and tested with a two-cohort model for spruce-aspen mixtures named SAM. The models combine single-species submodels and submodels for resource partitioning among the cohorts. The partitioning allows for differences in competitive strength among species and size classes, and for complementarity effects. Height growth reduction in suppressed cohorts is also modelled. SAM fits well the available data, and exhibits behaviors consistent with current ecological knowledge. The general framework can be applied to any number of cohorts, and should be useful as a basis for modelling other mixed-species or uneven-aged stands.
description: Accepted manuscript, to appear in Ecological Modelling
Predicted flow around bluff bodies : interference effects and wall impacts
Creators: name: Cheung, Alex.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
ALMA Measurements of Circumstellar Material in the GQ Lup System
Creators: name: MacGregor, Meredith A.
name: Wilner, David J.
name: Czekala, Ian
name: Andrews, Sean M.
name: Dai, Y. Sophia
name: Herczeg, Gregory J.
name: Kratter, Kaitlin M.
name: Kraus, Adam L.
name: Ricci, Luca
name: Testi, Leonardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present ALMA observations of the GQ Lup system, a young Sun-like star with a substellar mass companion in a wide-separation orbit. These observations of 870 $μ$m continuum and CO J=3-2 line emission with beam size $\sim0.3''$ ($\sim45$ AU) resolve the disk of dust and gas surrounding the primary star, GQ Lup A, and provide deep limits on any circumplanetary disk surrounding the companion, GQ Lup b. The circumprimary dust disk is compact with a FWHM of $59\pm12$ AU, while the gas has a larger extent with a characteristic radius of $46.5\pm1.8$ AU. By forward-modeling the velocity field of the circumprimary disk based on the CO emission, we constrain the mass of GQ Lup A to be $M_* = (1.03\pm0.05)*(d/156\text{ pc})$ $M_\odot$, where $d$ is a known distance, and determine that we view the disk at an inclination angle of $60.5^\circ\pm0.5^\circ$ and a position angle of $346^\circ \pm1^\circ$. The $3σ$ upper limit on the 870 $μ$m flux density of any circumplanetary disk associated with GQ Lup b of $<0.15$ mJy implies an upper limit on the dust disk mass of $<0.04$ $M_\oplus$ for standard assumptions about optically thin emission. We discuss proposed mechanisms for the formation of wide-separation substellar companions given the non-detection of circumplanetary disks around GQ Lup b and other similar systems.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures
A uniaxial stress capacitive dilatometer for high-resolution thermal expansion and magnetostriction under multiextreme conditions
Creators: name: Kuechler, R.
name: Stingl, C.
name: Gegenwart, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Thermal expansion and magnetostriction are directional dependent thermodynamic quantities. For the characterization of novel quantum phases of matter it is required to study materials under multi-extreme conditions, in particular down to very low temperatures, in very high magnetic fields, as well as under high pressure. We developed a miniaturized capacitive dilatometer suitable for temperatures down to 20 mK and usage in high magnetic fields, which exerts a large spring force between 40 to 75 N on the sample. This corresponds to a uniaxial stress up to 3 kbar for a sample with cross-section of (0.5~mm)$^2$. We describe the design and performance test of the dilatometer which resolves length changes with high resolution of $0.02 \mathrmÅ$ at low temperatures. The miniaturized device can be utilized in any standard cryostat, including dilution refrigerators or the commercial physical property measurement system.
Oil spill trajectory modelling in Antarctic and sub-Antarctic waters
Creators: name: Greilach, Peter Raymond.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Online supplement - Strong paracrine effects of SASP from senescence-induced severe early-onset COPD-derived fibroblasts
Creators: name: Meuleman, Rhodé
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Cell physiology

description: Online supplement of manuscript ' Strong paracrine effects of SASP from senescence-induced severe early-onset COPD-derived fibroblasts'.
Four dimensional quantum oscillator and magnetic-monopole with U(1) dynamical group
Creators: name: Bakhshi, Zahra
name: Panahi, Hossein
name: Golchehre, Goli
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By using of an appropriate transformation, it was shown that the quantum system of 4 dimensional simple harmonic oscillator can describe the motion of a charged particle in the presence of a magnetic monopole field. It was shown that the Dirac magnetic monopole has the hidden algebra of U(1) symmetry and by reducing of the dimensions of space, the U(1)*U(1) dynamical group for 4D harmonic oscillator quantum system was obtained. Using the group representation and based on explicit solution of the obtained differential equation, the spectrum of system was calculated.