cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Affective iconic words benefit from additional sound–meaning integration in the left amygdala
Creators: name: Aryani, Arash
name: Hsu, Chun-Ting
name: Jacobs, Arthur M.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: affective iconicity
subject: fMRI
subject: language and emotion
subject: left amygdala
subject: neurocognitive poetics
subject: sound symbolism
subject: phonaesthetics
subject: 100 Philosophie und Psychologie::150 Psychologie::158 Angewandte Psychologie

description: Recent studies have shown that a similarity between sound and meaning of a word (i.e., iconicity) can help more readily access the meaning of that word, but the neural mechanisms underlying this beneficial role of iconicity in semantic processing remain largely unknown. In an fMRI study, we focused on the affective domain and examined whether affective iconic words (e.g., high arousal in both sound and meaning) activate additional brain regions that integrate emotional information from different domains (i.e., sound and meaning). In line with our hypothesis, affective iconic words, compared to their non‐iconic counterparts, elicited additional BOLD responses in the left amygdala known for its role in multimodal representation of emotions. Functional connectivity analyses revealed that the observed amygdalar activity was modulated by an interaction of iconic condition and activations in two hubs representative for processing sound (left superior temporal gyrus) and meaning (left inferior frontal gyrus) of words. These results provide a neural explanation for the facilitative role of iconicity in language processing and indicate that language users are sensitive to the interaction between sound and meaning aspect of words, suggesting the existence of iconicity as a general property of human language.
Everpresent Lambda - II: Structural Stability
Creators: name: Ahmed, Maqbool
name: Sorkin, Rafael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ideas from causal set theory lead to a fluctuating, time dependent cosmological-constant of the right order of magnitude to match currently quoted "dark energy" values. Although such a term was predicted some time ago, a more detailed analysis of the resulting class of phenomenological models was begun only recently (based on numerical simulation of the cosmological equations with such a fluctuating term). In this paper we continue the investigation by studying the sensitivity of the scheme to some of the ad hoc choices made in setting it up.
description: 15 pages, 6 figures, Thoroughly rewritten
Macroglenes Westwood 1832
Creators: name: Mitroiu, Mircea-Dan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Pteromalidae
Macroglenes

description: Genus MACROGLENES Westwood, 1832
 Macroglenes Westwood, 1832: 127.
 Type species. Macroglenes oculatus Westwood, 1832; by monotypy.
description: Published as part of Mitroiu, Mircea-Dan, 2016, Pireninae (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) of Papua New Guinea: key to genera and description of new taxa, pp. 307-320 in Mémoires du Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle 209 on page 314
Do Cross-National and Ethnic Group Bullying Comparisons Represent Reality? Testing Instruments for Structural Equivalence and Structural Isomorphism
Creators: name: Samara, Muthanna
name: Foody, Mairéad
name: Göbel, Kristin
name: Altawil, Mohamed
name: Scheithauer, Herbert
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: bullying
subject: victimization
subject: cross-national comparison(s)
subject: ethnic differences
subject: structural equivalence
subject: structural isomorphism
subject: 100 Philosophie und Psychologie::150 Psychologie::158 Angewandte Psychologie
subject: 100 Philosophie und Psychologie::150 Psychologie::155 Differentielle Psychologie, Entwicklungspsychologie

description: Bullying in schools is a widespread phenomenon, witnessed worldwide, with negative consequences for victims and perpetrators. Although it is an international issue, there are several issues with cross-national and cross-cultural/ethnic research that can make comparisons between countries and cultures/ethnic groups difficult including language, cultural perception, and/or methodological issues. As statistical techniques rapidly develop, there may be more scope to be statistically creative in how we assess the utility of one tool across different groups such as cultures, nations, etc. At the very least, an attempt to do this should be paramount in studies investigating different groups (e.g., from different countries) at one time. This study investigated bullying and victimization rates in a large cross-ethnic and -country comparison between adolescents from four countries and five different ethnic groups including: Israel (Jewish Israelis and Arab Palestinian Israelis), Palestine (the Gaza Strip), Germany, and Greece. A total of 3,186 school children aged 12–15 years completed self-report questionnaires of peer bullying/victimization. A stepwise data analytic approach was used to test comparability of the psychometric properties: (1) Structural equivalence contributes to the valid use of the instrument in cultural contexts other than the one for which the instrument has been developed. Structural equivalence is a necessary condition for the justification of indirect or direct comparisons between cultural groups. (2) Additionally, structural isomorphism is necessary to demonstrate that the same internal structure of the instrument applies to the cultural and individual levels. Findings support the internal structural equivalence of the questionnaire with the exception of the Palestinian sample from the Gaza Strip. Subsequently, exploratory factor analysis on the cultural level structure revealed a one-factor structure with congruence measure below 0.85. Thus, no evidence was found for internal structural isomorphism suggesting that no direct comparisons of cultural samples was justified. These results are discussed in detail and the implications for the international research community and cross-national/-ethnic comparison studies in bullying are addressed.
Unbound Particles in Dark Matter Halos
Creators: name: Behroozi, Peter S.
name: Loeb, Abraham
name: Wechsler, Risa H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate unbound dark matter particles in halos by tracing particle trajectories in a simulation run to the far future (a = 100). We find that the traditional sum of kinetic and potential energies is a very poor predictor of which dark matter particles will eventually become unbound from halos. We also study the mass fraction of unbound particles, which increases strongly towards the edges of halos, and decreases significantly at higher redshifts. We discuss implications for dark matter detection experiments, precision calibrations of the halo mass function, the use of baryon fractions to constrain dark energy, and searches for intergalactic supernovae.
description: Significant improvements following referee suggestions
Uniformly accelerated detector in the $κ$-deformed Dirac vacuum
Creators: name: Harikumar, E.
name: Verma, Ravikant
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we investigate how a uniformly accelerated detector responds to vacuum state of a Dirac field in the $κ$-Minkowski space-time. Starting from $κ$-deformed Dirac theory, which is invariant under $κ$-Poincare algebra, we derive $κ$-deformed Wightmann function for Dirac field, which is valid up to first order in the deformation parameter $a$. Using this, we calculate the response function of the uniformly accelerated detector, which is coupled to massless Dirac field in $κ$-spacetime. From this, we obtain the modification to Unruh effect for the $κ$-deformed Dirac field, valid up to first order in the deformation parameter.
description: 16 pages, to appear in Mod. Phys. Lett. A
Trigonoderopsis Girault 1915
Creators: name: Mitroiu, Mircea-Dan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Pteromalidae
Trigonoderopsis

description: Genus TRIGONODEROPSIS Girault, 1915
 Trigonoderopsis Girault, 1915: 210.
 Type species. Trigonoderopsis silvensis Girault, 1915; by monotypy.
description: Published as part of Mitroiu, Mircea-Dan, 2016, Pireninae (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) of Papua New Guinea: key to genera and description of new taxa, pp. 307-320 in Mémoires du Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle 209 on page 318
The quantum group of a preregular multilinear form
Creators: name: Bichon, Julien
name: Dubois-Violette, Michel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 16T05, 81R50, 16A69

description: We describe the universal quantum group preserving a preregular multilinear form, by means of an explicit finite presentation of the corresponding Hopf algebra.
description: 17 pages - Ref. 11 corrected
XAI meets Data-Centric AI: The Need to Explain Data Processing
Creators: name: Geisler, Nadja
name: Binnig, Carsten
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: XAI
explainability
data-centric AI
full pipeline transparency
data preprocessing
human-in-the-loop

description: Data preprocessing is an essential part of any AI system, as indicated by the current trend of data-centric AI. However, until now, explainability efforts have almost exclusively focused on models. Choices in preprocessing, such as handling missing data, outliers, scaling, and class balancing, and their effects are currently not part of the explanations. If we continue this way, we are left with only a partial understanding of the model’s outputs. This transparency deficit creates risks for accountability, fairness, model performance, and more. We argue why we need full pipeline transparency and, as part of that, data preprocessing explainability, even in an age of AutoML and foundational models.
Diet and wild ungulate preferences of wolves in northwestern Anatolia during winter
Creators: name: Mengüllüoğlu, Deniz
name: İaslan, Eylül
name: Emir, Hasan
name: Berger, Anne
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Canis lupus
subject: predator-prey
subject: sus scrofa
subject: prey preferences
subject: livestock guarding dog
subject: population density
subject: ovis gmelinii anatolica
subject: human-wildlife conflict
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::590 Tiere (Zoologie)::599 Mammalia (Säugetiere)

description: The gray wolf (Canis lupus) is making a comeback in many habitats in central Europe, where it has been once extirpated. Although densities are still low to moderate, this comeback already raises management concerns. In Anatolia, the gray wolf is one of the most common predator species occupying almost all kind of habitats. Although its numbers were reduced in some parts of the country, it has never been extirpated and lived in sympatry with humans. In this study we investigated, for the first time, the winter diet of wolves in north-west Anatolia, where a multispecies wild ungulate community occurs in sympatry with high density livestock. We selected two geographically close but different habitats (steppe and forest) with different wild prey availabilities and compositions. In both areas ungulate contribution to winter diet biomass was more than 90%. Wolf pack size (four to eight wolves) were higher in the study area where livestock numbers and human disturbance were lower and wild prey were more available. In both study areas, wild boar (Sus scrofa) was the main and most preferred food item (Chesson’s α = 0.7 − 0.9) and it occurred at higher density where wolf pack size was smaller. We could not find a high preference (Chesson’s α = 0.3) and high winter predation pressure on the reintroduced Anatolian wild sheep (Ovis gmelinii anatolica) population that occurs in the study area covered by steppe vegetation. Contribution of livestock and food categories other than wild ungulates to wolf diet stayed low. Wolves can help mitigate human-wildlife conflict regulating wild boar numbers, the most common conflict-causing ungulate species in Anatolia. Instead of managing wolf numbers in human dominated landscapes, we recommend reintroduction of wild ungulates to the areas where they became locally extinct and replaced by livestock.
Non-degeneracy of the discriminant
Creators: name: Barroso, Evelia R. García
name: Gwozdziewicz, Janusz
name: Lenarcik, Andrzej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 32S55 (Primary), 14H20 (Secondary)

description: Let $(l,f):(C^2,0)\rightarrow (C^2,0)$ be the germ of a holomorphic mapping such that $l=0$ is a smooth curve which is not a branch of the singular curve $f=0$. The direct image of the critical locus of this mapping is called the discriminant curve. In this paper we study the pairs $(l,f)$ for which the discriminant curve is non-degenerate in the Kouchnirenko sense.
A "STASI" DE CADA DIA
Creators: name: Santana, José Cláudio Santana
Publisher: name: Zenodo - Cadernos da Pena do Pavao
Year: 2023

description: Ano 06 – n. 02/2018 – Você está errado!
Subliminarmente (às vezes) é o que mais se lê dos censores que guardam em si o espírito dos agentes da Stasi. É como se tivéssemos a polícia da Alemanha comunista em nossos calcanhares.
What is Allium achaium Boiss. & Orph.? Disentangling the taxonomy of a Greek mountain species
Creators: name: Tzanoudakis, Dimitris
name: Tsakiri, Maria
name: Raus, Thomas
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Allium
subject: Allium achaium
subject: Allium oreohellenicum
subject: Amaryllidaceae
subject: chromosome numbers
subject: Greece
subject: mountain flora
subject: new species
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::580 Pflanzen (Botanik)::580 Pflanzen (Botanik)

description: Allium oreohellenicum Tzanoud., Tsakiri & Raus (Amaryllidaceae), endemic of the Greek mountains, is described and illustrated as a species new to science. Information regarding its cytology, geographical distribution and taxonomic relationships is also provided. Material belonging to A. oreohellenicum was formerly known/classified as A. achaium Boiss & Orph., a taxon described in 1882 based on a gathering by Orphanides from Mt Klokos (N Peloponnisos, Greece). A detailed study of the Orphanides gathering concerned revealed that it essentially belongs to A. frigidum Boiss. & Heldr., a taxon described 28 years earlier, and so the need for a new name.
On the Properties of the Reaction Counts Chemical Master Equation
Creators: name: Sunkara, Vikram
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: chemical master equation
subject: jump continuous-time Markov chains
subject: reaction counts
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::543 Analytische Chemie

description: The reaction counts chemical master equation (CME) is a high-dimensional variant of the classical population counts CME. In the reaction counts CME setting, we count the reactions which have fired over time rather than monitoring the population state over time. Since a reaction either fires or not, the reaction counts CME transitions are only forward stepping. Typically there are more reactions in a system than species, this results in the reaction counts CME being higher in dimension, but simpler in dynamics. In this work, we revisit the reaction counts CME framework and its key theoretical results. Then we will extend the theory by exploiting the reactions counts’ forward stepping feature, by decomposing the state space into independent continuous-time Markov chains (CTMC). We extend the reaction counts CME theory to derive analytical forms and estimates for the CTMC decomposition of the CME. This new theory gives new insights into solving hitting times-, rare events-, and a priori domain construction problems. View Full-Text
Cross sections for geodesic flows and α-continued fractions
Creators: name: Arnoux, Pierre
name: Schmidt, Thomas A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37E05, 11K50, 30B70

description: We adjust Arnoux's coding, in terms of regular continued fractions, of the geodesic flow on the modular surface to give a cross section on which the return map is a double cover of the natural extension for the α-continued fractions, for each $α$ in (0,1]. The argument is sufficiently robust to apply to the Rosen continued fractions and their recently introduced α-variants.
description: 20 pages, 2 figures
CERREM OS PUNHOS
Creators: name: Santana, José Cláudio Pavão
Publisher: name: Zenodo - Cadernos da Pena do Pavao
Year: 2023

description: Ano 06 – n. 06/2018
Usado como símbolo de resistência em tantos episódios históricos, o braço erguido e o punho cerrado passaram a expressar ódio no Brasil, do séquito de quem foi uma esperança e transformou-se em algoz de si mesmo.
Interfacial motion in flexo- and order-electric switching between nematic filled states
Creators: name: Blow, Matthew L.
name: da Gama, Margarida M. Telo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a nematic liquid crystal, in coexistence with its isotropic phase, in contact with a substrate patterned with rectangular grooves. In such a system, the nematic phase may fill the grooves without the occurrence of complete wetting. There may exist multiple (meta)stable filled states, each characterised by the type of distortion (bend or splay) in each corner of the groove and by the shape of the nematic-isotropic interface, and additionally the plateaux that separate the grooves may be either dry or wet with a thin layer of nematic. Using numerical simulations, we analyse the dynamical response of the system to an externally- applied electric field, with the aim of identifying switching transitions between these filled states. We find that order-electric coupling between the fluid and the field provides a means of switching between states where the plateaux between grooves are dry and states where they are wet by a nematic layer, without affecting the configuration of the nematic within the groove. We find that flexoelectric coupling may change the nematic texture in the groove, provided that the flexoelectric coupling differentiates between the types of distortion at the corners of the substrate. We identify intermediate stages of the transitions, and the role played by the motion of the nematic-isotropic interface. We determine quantitatively the field magnitudes and orientations required to effect each type of transition.
description: 14 pages, 12 figs
Intercalation of aromatic sulfonates in ‘green rust’ via ion exchange
Creators: name: Perez, Jeffrey Paulo H.
name: Mangayayam, Marco C.
name: Rubio, Sandra Navaz
name: Freeman, Helen M.
name: Tobler, Dominique J.
name: Benning, Liane G.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: iron (oxyhydr)oxides
subject: layered double hydroxide
subject: sulfonates
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::550 Geowissenschaften, Geologie::551 Geologie, Hydrologie, Meteorologie

description: ‘Green rust’ intercalated with aromatic sulfonates can potentially be effective materials for the treatment of soil and groundwater polluted with chlorinated benzenes. We investigated the potential intercalation of benzene sulfonate (BzS) and 1,3-benzene disulfonate (BzDS) into green rust sulfate (GRSO4) via ion exchange. The GRSO4 reacted with various concentrations of sulfonates were characterized by X-ray diffraction, X-ray scattering and transmission electron microscopy. GR interacted with BzDS did not result in intercalation due to stearic hindrance and electrostatic repulsion. For BzS, mixtures of GRSO4 and GR-BzS (d001 = 14.3 Å) were obtained at molar equivalents of ion exchange capacity >5. The intercalation of BzS in the GR structure is limited (~18% intercalation) since BzS cannot fully replace SO42-. The BzS molecules are likely arranged in the interlayer as a dehydrated monolayer with the –SO3 groups facing away in alternate directions.
Metric emerging to massive modes in quantum cosmological space-times
Creators: name: Dapor, Andrea
name: Lewandowski, Jerzy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a massive quantum test Klein-Gordon field probing an isotropic quantum cosmological space-time in the background. The result obtained is surprising. It turns out, that despite the isotropy of the quantum gravitational field, the semi-classical metric experienced by a mode of the K-G field is non-isotropic. The anisotropy depends on the direction of the momentum of the mode. Specifically, what we do is to derive a semi-classical space-time which emerges to a mode of the field. The method amounts to a comparison between QFT on a quantum background and QFT on a classical curved space-time, giving rise to an emergent metric tensor. The components of the semi-classical metric tensor are calculated from the equation of propagation of the quantum K-G field in the test field approximation. The anisotropies are of a quantum nature: they are proportional to Planck constant and "dress" the isotropic classical space-time obtained in the classical limit.
description: 7 pages, v2. Refereed version (previously called "Emergent Isotropy-Breaking in Quantum Cosmology")
Developing Gut Microbiota Exerts Colonisation Resistance to Clostridium (syn. Clostridioides) difficile in Piglets
Creators: name: Grześkowiak, Łukasz
name: Dadi, Temesgen Hailemariam
name: Zentek, Jürgen
name: Vahjen, Wilfried
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Clostridium difficile
subject: Clostridioides
subject: gut microbiota
subject: sequencing
subject: qPCR
subject: enrichment
subject: pig
subject: suckling
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::590 Tiere (Zoologie)::599 Mammalia (Säugetiere)
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::616 Krankheiten

description: Clostridium (syn. Clostridioides) difficile is considered a pioneer colonizer and may cause gut infection in neonatal piglets. The aim of this study was to explore the microbiota-C. difficile associations in pigs. We used the DNA from the faeces of four sows collected during the periparturient period and from two to three of their piglets (collected weekly until nine weeks of age) for the determination of bacterial community composition (sequencing) and C. difficile concentration (qPCR). Furthermore, C. difficile-negative faeces were enriched in a growth medium, followed by qPCR to verify the presence of this bacterium. Clostridium-sensu-stricto-1 and Lactobacillus spp. predominated the gut microbiota of the sows and their offspring. C. difficile was detected at least once in the faeces of all sows during the entire sampling period, albeit at low concentrations. Suckling piglets harboured C. difficile in high concentrations (up to log10 9.29 copy number/g faeces), which gradually decreased as the piglets aged. Enrichment revealed the presence of C. difficile in previously C. difficile-negative sow and offspring faeces. In suckling piglets, the C. difficile level was negatively correlated with carbohydrate-fermenting bacteria, and it was positively associated with potential pathogens. Shannon and richness diversity indices were negatively associated with the C. difficile counts in suckling piglets. This study showed that gut microbiota seems to set conditions for colonisation resistance against C. difficile in the offspring. However, this conclusion requires further research to include host-specific factors. View Full-Text
Glutathione Metabolism in Renal Cell Carcinoma Progression and Implications for Therapies
Creators: name: Xiao, Yi
name: Meierhofer, David
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: renal cell carcinoma
subject: reactive oxygen species
subject: glutathione metabolism
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::547 Organische Chemie

description: A significantly increased level of the reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger glutathione (GSH) has been identified as a hallmark of renal cell carcinoma (RCC). The proposed mechanism for increased GSH levels is to counteract damaging ROS to sustain the viability and growth of the malignancy. Here, we review the current knowledge about the three main RCC subtypes, namely clear cell RCC (ccRCC), papillary RCC (pRCC), and chromophobe RCC (chRCC), at the genetic, transcript, protein, and metabolite level and highlight their mutual influence on GSH metabolism. A further discussion addresses the question of how the manipulation of GSH levels can be exploited as a potential treatment strategy for RCC.
title: Governing religious multiplicity
title: The ambivalence of Christian-Muslim public presences in post-colonial Tanzania
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Dilger, Hansjörg
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: christian and muslim life-worlds
subject: comparative perspective
subject: governance
subject: post-colonial Tanzania
subject: public spaces
subject: religious multiplicity
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::300 Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie::301 Soziologie, Anthropologie

description: In post-colonial Tanzania, efforts to govern the relations between Christianity and Islam—the country’s largest religions—have been impacted by the growing potential for conflict between and among diverse strands of the two faiths from the mid-1990s onward. They have also been shaped by the highly unequal relations between various Christian and Muslim actors and the Tanzanian government in the context of globalization. This article describes how the governance of religious multiplicity in Tanzania has affected the domains of transnational development, the registration of new religious bodies, and the regulation of religious instruction in schools. It argues that a comprehensive understanding of ‘lived religion’ needs to focus on the way in which religious multiplicities are molded as socio-cultural realities through a wide range of governing interventions.
H.-W. Herrmann, R. Schneider (Hg.), Lotharingia. Eine europäische Kernlandschaft um das Jahr 1000. Referate eines Kolloquiums vom 24.–26. Mai 1994 in Saarbrücken, 1995
Creators: name: Huth, V.
Publisher: name: Francia
Year: 2019

description: Francia, Bd. 26 Nr. 1 (1999)
Gorillas’ (Gorilla g. gorilla) knowledge of conspecifics’ affordances: intraspecific social tool use for food acquisition
Creators: name: Prieur, Jacques
name: Pika, Simone
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: social tool use
subject: great apes
subject: knowledge of the social world
subject: gorilla gorilla gorilla
subject: cognition
subject: 100 Philosophie und Psychologie::150 Psychologie::156 Vergleichende Psychologie

description: The use of tools, long thought to be uniquely human, has now been observed in other animal taxa including several species of birds, non-primate mammals as well as some non-human primate species. Chimpanzees, one of humankind’s closest living relatives, exceed all other non-human animal species as they have been reported to use an exceptionally large toolkit. However, relatively little is known about the tool-use skills of the other great ape species. While the majority of tools described are inanimate objects, the use of social tools has received relatively little attention. Here we provide the first evidence of naturally occurring spontaneous exploitative behaviour of a conspecific as a social tool for food acquisition in non-human animals. We observed gorillas in captivity utilising a conspecific as a ladder to gain access to unreachable food. We discuss our findings in the light of other studies on social tool use and suggest the need for more nuanced interpretations of gorillas’ cognitive skills.
E. Schubert (Hg.), Geschichte Niedersachsens. Band 2,1: Politik, Verfassung, Wirtschaft vom 9. bis zum ausgehenden 15. Jahrhundert, 1997
Creators: name: Vollmuth-Lindenthal, M.
Publisher: name: Francia
Year: 2019

description: -
description: Francia, Bd. 26 Nr. 1 (1999)
Identification of a new relatively old star cluster in the Small Magellanic Cloud
Creators: name: Piatti, Andrés E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results on the age and metallicity estimates of the astonishingly unstudied SMC cluster ESO 51-SC09, from CCD BVI photometry obtained at the ESO NTT with the EMMI attached. ESO 51-SC09 turns out to be a relatively small cluster (FWHM = (10 +- 1) pc) located ~ 4 deg northward from the galaxy center. We report for the first time a mean cluster age of (7.0 +- 1.3) Gyr and a mean cluster metallicity of [Fe/H] = (-1.00 +- 0.15) dex, concluding that ESO 51-SC09 belongs to the group of the oldest SMC clusters. We found that the cluster is projected onto a dominant field stellar population older (age ~ 10-13 Gyr) and more metal-poor ([Fe/H] = -1.3 +- 0.2 dex), so that the cluster could reach its current location because of its orbital motion.
description: The Astrophysical Journal Letters, accepted
Non-lethal exposure to H2O2 boosts bacterial survival and evolvability against oxidative stress
Creators: name: Rodríguez-Rojas, Alexandro
name: Kim, Joshua Jay
name: Johnston, Paul R.
name: Makarova, Olga
name: Eravci, Murat
name: Weise, Christoph
name: Hengge, Regine
name: Rolff, Jens
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: priming
subject: frameshift mutation
subject: oxidative stress
subject: pathogen motility
subject: polymerase chain reaction
subject: reactive oxygen species
subject: gene expression
subject: Mutagenesis
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::576 Genetik und Evolution

description: Unicellular organisms have the prevalent challenge to survive under oxidative stress of reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). ROS are present as by-products of photosynthesis and aerobic respiration. These reactive species are even employed by multicellular organisms as potent weapons against microbes. Although bacterial defences against lethal and sub-lethal oxidative stress have been studied in model bacteria, the role of fluctuating H2O2 concentrations remains unexplored. It is known that sub-lethal exposure of Escherichia coli to H2O2 results in enhanced survival upon subsequent exposure. Here we investigate the priming response to H2O2 at physiological concentrations. The basis and the duration of the response (memory) were also determined by time-lapse quantitative proteomics. We found that a low level of H2O2 induced several scavenging enzymes showing a long half-life, subsequently protecting cells from future exposure. We then asked if the phenotypic resistance against H2O2 alters the evolution of resistance against oxygen stress. Experimental evolution of H2O2 resistance revealed faster evolution and higher levels of resistance in primed cells. Several mutations were found to be associated with resistance in evolved populations affecting different loci but, counterintuitively, none of them was directly associated with scavenging systems. Our results have important implications for host colonisation and infections where microbes often encounter reactive oxygen species in gradients.
IR action spectroscopy of glycosaminoglycan oligosaccharides
Creators: name: Lettow, Maike
name: Grabarics, Márkó
name: Mucha, Eike
name: Thomas, Daniel A.
name: Polewski, Łukasz
name: Freyse, Joanna
name: Rademann, Jörg
name: Meijer, Gerard
name: Helden, Gert Von
name: Pagel, Kevin
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: glycosaminoglycans
subject: fondaparinux
subject: mass spectrometry
subject: action spectroscopy
subject: cryogenic infrared spectroscopy
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::547 Organische Chemie

description: Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are a physio- and pharmacologically highly relevant class of complex saccharides, possessing a linear sequence and strongly acidic character. Their repetitive linear core makes them seem structurally simple at first glance, yet differences in sulfation and epimerization lead to an enormous structural diversity with only a few GAGs having been successfully characterized to date. Recent infrared action spectroscopic experiments on sulfated mono- and disaccharide ions show great promise. Here, we assess the potential of two types of gas-phase action spectroscopy approaches in the range from 1000 to 1800 cm−1 for the structural analysis of complex GAG oligosaccharides. Synthetic tetra- and pentasaccharides were chosen as model compounds for this benchmark study. Utilizing infrared multiple photon dissociation action spectroscopy at room temperature, diagnostic bands are largely unresolved. In contrast, cryogenic infrared action spectroscopy of ions trapped in helium nanodroplets yields resolved infrared spectra with diagnostic features for monosaccharide composition and sulfation pattern. The analysis of GAGs could therefore significantly benefit from expanding the conventional MS-based toolkit with gas-phase cryogenic IR spectroscopy.
Cusp-core transformations induced by AGN feedback in the progenitors of cluster galaxies
Creators: name: Martizzi, D.
name: Teyssier, R.
name: Moore, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a recent study (Martizzi et al. 2012), we used cosmological simulations to show that active galactic nuclei (AGN) feedback on the gas distribution in clusters of galaxies can be important in determining the spatial distribution of stars and dark matter in the central regions of these systems. The hierarchical assembly of dark matter, baryons and black holes obscures the physical mechanism behind the restructuring process. Here we use idealized simulations to follow the response of a massive dark matter halo as we feed the central black hole with a controlled supply of cold gas. This removes most of the complexity taking place in the cosmological simulations that may have biased our previous study. We confirm our previous results: gas heated and expelled from the central regions of the halo by AGN feedback can return after cooling; repeated cycles generate gravitational potential fluctuations responsible for irreversible modifications of the dark matter mass profile. The main result is the expulsion of large amounts of baryons and dark matter from the central regions of the halo. According to the work presented here, outflow induced fluctuations represent the only mechanism able to efficiently create dark matter cores in clusters of galaxies.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures, Published on MNRAS
Multi-objective particle swarm optimization algorithm for multi-step electric load forecasting
Creators: name: Yang, Yi
name: Shang, Zhihao
name: Chen, Yao
name: Chen, Yanhua
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: electric load forecasting
subject: extreme learning machine
subject: recurrent neural network
subject: support vector machines
subject: multi-objective particle swarm optimization algorithm
subject: 000 Informatik, Informationswissenschaft, allgemeine Werke::000 Informatik, Wissen, Systeme::000 Informatik, Informationswissenschaft, allgemeine Werke

description: As energy saving becomes more and more popular, electric load forecasting has played a more and more crucial role in power management systems in the last few years. Because of the real-time characteristic of electricity and the uncertainty change of an electric load, realizing the accuracy and stability of electric load forecasting is a challenging task. Many predecessors have obtained the expected forecasting results by various methods. Considering the stability of time series prediction, a novel combined electric load forecasting, which based on extreme learning machine (ELM), recurrent neural network (RNN), and support vector machines (SVMs), was proposed. The combined model first uses three neural networks to forecast the electric load data separately considering that the single model has inevitable disadvantages, the combined model applies the multi-objective particle swarm optimization algorithm (MOPSO) to optimize the parameters. In order to verify the capacity of the proposed combined model, 1-step, 2-step, and 3-step are used to forecast the electric load data of three Australian states, including New South Wales, Queensland, and Victoria. The experimental results intuitively indicate that for these three datasets, the combined model outperforms all three individual models used for comparison, which demonstrates its superior capability in terms of accuracy and stability.
Monozentrische retrospektive Analyse der Therapie des rechtsseitigen Kolonkarzinoms: Vergleich zwischen konventionellen, laparoskopischen und robotisch assistierten Hemikolektomien rechts in Bezug auf postoperative Verweildauer und die Dauer bis zum ersten postoperativen Stuhlgang
Creators: name: Nowakowski, Krzysztof Witold
Publisher: name: Universität Bielefeld
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: 610

description: In dieser retrospektiven Studie wurden die Daten von 89 Patientinnen und Patienten analysiert, die im Zeitraum vom 19.07.2018 bis zum 01.12.2022 in der Universitätsklinik für Allgemein- und Viszeralchirurgie der Universität Bielefeld, Campus Klinikum Lippe aufgrund eines rechtsseitigen Kolonkarzinoms einer offenen, laparoskopischen oder robotischen Hemikolektomie rechts unterzogen wurden.

Ziel dieser Arbeit war es, die Hypothese zu überprüfen, dass minimalinvasive Eingriffe zu einem verkürzten postoperativen paralytischen Ileus (Zeitpunkt des ersten postoperativen Stuhlgangs) und einer schnelleren postoperativen Genesung (postoperative Verweildauer) führen.
Die sekundären Endpunkte umfassten die CME-Qualität, die Anzahl der Lymphknoten im Präparat, CRP-Wert am ersten postoperativen Tag und die Operationsdauer. Es sollte die onkologische Qualität und Sicherheit der drei operativen Verfahren verglichen werden.

In unserer Studie zeigte sich der Zeitpunkt des ersten postoperativen Stuhlgangs (Median: robotische Gruppe: 3,5 Tage, laparoskopische Gruppe: 4 Tage, offene Gruppe: 5 Tage) und die postoperative Verweildauer (Median: robotische und laparoskopische Gruppe: 8 Tage, offene Gruppe: 9 Tage) in den minimalinvasiven Gruppen tendenziell verkürzt, jedoch statistisch nicht signifikant unterschiedlich im Vergleich zu Gruppe der offenen Eingriffen.

Die CME-Qualität und die Anzahl der Lymphknoten im Präparat waren in allen Gruppen ähnlich.
Die gemessenen CRP-Werte am ersten postoperativen Tag waren in der robotisch assistierten Gruppe am niedrigsten (4,9 mg/dl), gefolgt von der Laparoskopiegruppe (5,1 mg/dl) und der Gruppe der offenen Hemikolektomien rechts (7,1 mg/dl). Diese Ergebnisse waren statistisch signifikant unterschiedlich.
Die Operationsdauer der minimalinvasiven Eingriffe war statistisch signifikant länger als bei der offenen Hemikolektomie rechts.

In dieser Studie deutet sich eine Tendenz zu einer schnelleren postoperativen Darmpassage und kürzeren postoperativen Verweildauer nach robotisch assistierten und laparoskopischen Hemikolektomien rechts im Vergleich zur offenen Hemikolektomie rechts. Alle drei Verfahren waren in Bezug auf die onkologische Qualität, CME-Qualität und die Anzahl der Lymphknoten im Präparat gleichwertig.
Performance analysis of anaplasma antibody competitive ELISA using the ROC curve for screening of anaplasmosis in camel populations in Egypt
Creators: name: Parvizi, Omid
name: El-Adawy, Hosny
name: Roesler, Uwe
name: Neubauer, Heinrich
name: Mertens-Scholz, Katja
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: anaplasmosis
subject: camel
subject: ROC curve
subject: real time PCR
subject: cELISA
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::590 Tiere (Zoologie)::590 Tiere (Zoologie)

description: Anaplasmosis is a tick-born and potential zoonotic disease caused by Anaplasma (A.) phagocytophilum, A. ovis, A. platys and A. capra. Anaplasma marginale affecting bovines and camels causing significant economic losses. Camels as an integral part of the socio-economic lifestyle of nomads in semi-arid to arid ecosystems are prone to suffer from subclinical Anaplasma infections. This study aimed to determine the performance and adaptation of commercial competitive Anaplasma ELISA (cELISA) as a tool for screening the seroprevalence of anaplasmosis whitin the camel populations in Egypt. This study was based on the serological investigation of 437 camel sera collected between 2015 and 2016 during a Q fever prevalence study in Egypt using commercially available cELISA for the detection of antibodies specific for Anaplasma in bovine serum. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, an analysis method for optimizing cutoff values in cELISAs, was used to estimate the sensitivity and specificity using 76 true as serological positive (n = 7) and negative (n = 60) for Anaplasma antibodies. ROC curve analysis was done for 7 true positive and 60 true negative bovine samples and 7 true positive and 29 true negative camel samples serum. Real time PCR and/or conventional PCR was applied to confirm Anaplasma spp. specific-DNA in camel serum as an indication of a true positive and true negative for ROC analysis. Chi square analysis was performed to estimate the association between risk factors and anaplasmosis in camels. The cutoff value was determined as 0.42 (p value ≤ 0.001). Data simulation with randomly generated values revealed a cutoff value of 0.417 (p ≤ 0.001) with resulting 58.1% Se and 97.8% Sp. Seven true positive and 29 true negative camel serum samples was confirmed by PCR. Using the estimated cut off, the seroprevalence in the Nile Valley and Delta and the Eastern Desert domain was 47.4% and 46.4%, respectively. The potential risk factors as domains and origin of animals were less significantly associated with the prevalence of anaplasmosis (domains: χ(2) = 41.8, p value ≤ 0.001 and origin: χ(2) = 42.56, p value ≤ 0.001). Raising awareness especially for veterinarians and animal owners will significantly contribute to the best understanding of anaplasmosis in camels in Egypt. Alternative (in silico) validation techniques and preliminary prevalence studies are mandatory towards the control of neglected anaplasmosis in the camel population.
Asymptotic properties of robust complex covariance matrix estimates
Creators: name: Mahot, Melanie
name: Forster, Philippe
name: Pascal, Frederic
name: Ovarlez, Jean-Philippe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In many statistical signal processing applications, the estimation of nuisance parameters and parameters of interest is strongly linked to the resulting performance. Generally, these applications deal with complex data. This paper focuses on covariance matrix estimation problems in non-Gaussian environments and particularly, the M-estimators in the context of elliptical distributions. Firstly, this paper extends to the complex case the results of Tyler in [1]. More precisely, the asymptotic distribution of these estimators as well as the asymptotic distribution of any homogeneous function of degree 0 of the M-estimates are derived. On the other hand, we show the improvement of such results on two applications: DOA (directions of arrival) estimation using the MUSIC (MUltiple SIgnal Classification) algorithm and adaptive radar detection based on the ANMF (Adaptive Normalized Matched Filter) test.
K. Murk, Vom Reichsterritorium zum Rheinbundstaat. Entstehung und Funktion der Reformen im Fürstentum Waldeck (1780–1814), 1995
Creators: name: Kerautret, M.
Publisher: name: Francia
Year: 2019

description: -
description: Francia, Bd. 26 Nr. 2 (1999)
Effects of entanglement and instanton suppression at finite temperature in a SU(2) EPNJL model with anomaly
Creators: name: Ruivo, M. C.
name: Costa, Pedro
name: de Sousa, C. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the phase transitions characterized by deconfinement and restoration of chiral and axial symmetries,at finite temperature, in the framework of QCD inspired models. We compare the results obtained in the SU(2) Polyakov-Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model with anomaly and in its extended version, the Entangled Polyakov-Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model. In the last version, four-quark vertices with entanglement between the chiral condensate and the Polyakov loop are considered. The thermodynamics of the phase transitions, the meson spectrum, and in particular the convergence of axial and chiral partners, will be analyzed, as well as the topological susceptibility. We find that an explicit temperature dependence of the coupling vertices is necessary in both models in order to have effective restoration of the U$_A$(1) symmetry.
description: 19 pages, 4 figures; PRD version
The redox-coupled proton-channel opening in cytochrome c oxidase
Creators: name: Wolf, Alexander
name: Dragelj, Jovan
name: Wonneberg, Juliane
name: Stellmacher, Johannes
name: Balke, Jens
name: Woelke, Anna Lena
name: Hodoscek, Milan
name: Knapp, Ernst Walter
name: Alexiev, Ulrike
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: cytochrome c oxidase
subject: redox-coupled proton-channel opening
subject: proton pump
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::530 Physik

description: Cytochrome c oxidase (CcO), a redox-coupled proton pump, catalyzes the reduction of molecular oxygen to water, thereby establishing the transmembrane proton gradient that fuels ATP synthesis. CcO employs two channels for proton uptake, the D- and the K-channel. In contrast to the D-channel, the K-channel does not constitute a continuous pathway of H-bonds for proton conduction and is only active in the reductive phase rendering its proton transport mechanism enigmatic. Theoretical studies have suggested selective hydration changes within the K-channel to become activated and being essential for vectorial proton transport. Here, we unravel a previously unidentified mechanism for transient proton channel activation by combining computational studies with site-directed nano-environmental probing of protonation, structural changes, and water dynamics. We show that electrostatic changes at the binuclear center lead to long-range conformational changes propagating to the K-channel entrance as evidenced by time-resolved fluorescence depolarization experiments and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. These redox-induced long-range structural rearrangements affect the H-bond network at the K-channel's protein surface as shown by pKa-shift analysis of a local probe in experiment and simulation. Concomitantly, selective channel hydration at the K-channel entrance was revealed by dipolar relaxation studies to be associated with channel opening. We propose that instead of a singular change, it is the intricate interplay of these individual redox-triggered changes in the cause–effect relationship that defines the mechanism for transient proton conduction of the K-channel.