cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Implications of Search Frictions for Tradeable Permit Markets
Creators: name: Rouhi-Rad, Mani
name: Brozovic, Nicholas
name: Mieno, Taro
name: Rouhi-Rad, Mani
name: Brozovic, Nicholas
name: Mieno, Taro
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Tradeable permit markets
subject: transaction costs
subject: search costs
subject: groundwater markets

description: This study develops a framework of search with frictions in the context of tradeable permit markets to explain the trading behavior and search effort of the participants. The study area is the groundwater market of the Twin Platte Natural Resources District, in Nebraska. The results show that overall the market is moving towards Pareto efficiency as irrigation rights are moving from lower value users to higher value users. The results also suggest that quantity of the rights traded affects the search effort of the participants positively.
Directional `superradiant' collisions: bosonic amplification of atom pairs emitted from an elongated Bose-Einstein condensate
Creators: name: Vardi, A.
name: Moore, M. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study spontaneous directionality in the bosonic amplification of atom pairs emitted from an elongated Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC), an effect analogous to `superradiant' emission of atom-photon pairs. Using a simplified model, we make analytic predictions regarding directional effects for both atom-atom and atom-photon emission. These are confirmed by numerical mean-field simulations, demonstrating the the feasibility of nearly perfect directional emission along the condensate axis. The dependence of the emission angle on the pump strength for atom-atom pairs is significantly different than for atom-photon pairs.
Pulling Knotted Polymers
Creators: name: Farago, Oded
name: Kantor, Yacov
name: Kardar, Mehran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compare Monte Carlo simulations of knotted and unknotted polymers whose ends are connected to two parallel walls. The force $f$ exerted on the polymer is measured as a function of the separation $R$ between the walls. For unknotted polymers of several monomer numbers $N$, the product $fN^ν$ is a simple function of $R/N^ν$, where $ν\simeq 0.59$. By contrast, knotted polymers exhibit strong finite size effects which can be interpreted in terms of a new length scale related to the size of the knot. Based on this interpretation, we conclude that the number of monomers forming the knot scales as $N^t$, with $t=0.4\pm 0.1$.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Non-Unitarity Problem in Quantum Gravity Corrections to Quantum Field Theory with Born-Oppenheimer Approximation
Creators: name: Di Gioia, Federico
name: Maniccia, Giulia
name: Montani, Giovanni
name: Niedda, Jacopo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The problem of time is one of the most relevant open issues in canonical quantum gravity. Although there is a huge literature about this topic, a commonly accepted solution has not been found yet. Here, we focus on the semiclassical approach to the problem of time, that has the main goal of reproducing quantum field theory on a fixed WKB background accounting also for quantum gravity corrections. We analyze the different choices of the expansion parameter and discuss the problems arising in previous proposals, where a non-unitary evolution emerges as an effect of quantum gravity corrections. In this work we develop a new approach to solve this problem by performing the WKB expansion with the introduction of the so-called kinematical action as a clock for quantum matter, that allows to recover a unitary dynamics.
description: 24 pages, no figures. Little adjustments, improved bibliography
Estimating Adoption of Cover Crops Using Preferences Revealed by a Dynamic Crop Choice Model
Creators: name: Ji, Yongjie
name: Rabotyagov, Sergey
name: Valcu-Lisman, Adriana
name: Ji, Yongjie
name: Rabotyagov, Sergey
name: Valcu-Lisman, Adriana
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Land Use
subject: Dynamic Discrete Choice
subject: Cover Crop

description: In this paper, we propose a framework based on micro-level dynamic land use models to predict the adoption of cover crops in the Upper-Mississippi River Basin. We use preferences recovered using a dynamic discrete model of crop choice to build a dynamic optimization framework to evaluate a range of scenarios based on the cover crops’ effect on cash crop yields, costs of cover crop operations, and government support. We use a conditional choice probability method to estimate the dynamic crop choice model based on field-scale panel data and value function iteration method to assess counterfactual cover crop scenarios. The framework is expected to be applicable to modeling decisions to adopt conservation technologies in the absence of individual-level adoption data or for cases when conservation technology is new. The dynamic crop choice model yields expected results and reveals preferences for net revenues in line with previous literature. Simulation results predict baseline cover crop adoption rates which, although in line with some recent farmer surveys, are quite a bit higher than rates reported in 2012 Census of Agriculture. We attribute these results to substitution patterns implied by a dynamic logit model estimated, and suggest using aggregated Census of Agriculture data on state-wide adoption of cover crops to calibrate the constants in the the estimated dynamic logit model as a possible remedy under paucity of data related to individual decisions on cover crops adoption.
Disk galaxies and their dark halos as self-organized patterns
Creators: name: Venkataramani, Shankar C.
name: Newell, Alan C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Galaxies are built by complex physical processes with significant inherent stochasticity. It is therefore surprising that the inferred dark matter distributions in galaxies are strongly correlated with the observed baryon distributions leading to various `Baryon-Halo conspiracies'. The fact that no dark matter candidate has been definitively identified invites a search for alternative explanations for such correlations and we present an approach motivated by the behaviors of self organized patterns. We propose a nonlocal relativistic Lagrangian theory for a `pattern field' which acts as an `effective dark matter', built on the idea that defects in this pattern field couple to the baryonic matter distribution. Our theory accounts for the gross structure of cold disk galaxies. We compute galactic rotation curves and derive various galaxy scaling relations including Renzo's rule, the radial acceleration relation, and the existence of the Freeman limit for central surface brightness.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
National Readership Surveys, 1958 3rd Quarter
National Readership Survey, 1956-1985
Creators: name: JICNARS
Publisher: name: UK Data Service
Year: 1976

description: The National Readership Surveys are conducted quarterly either by the British Market Research Bureau or by Research Services Ltd. (1956 - 1959 Research Services Ltd; 1960 - 1967 British Market Research Bureau; 1968 - 1973 Research Services Ltd; 1974 - 1976 British Market Research Bureau; from 1977 onwards Research Services Ltd.). These surveys are designed principally to provide detailed information about the newspaper and magazine reading habits of the British people.

The sponsors are virtually all the leading newspaper proprietors and advertising agencies in the country; many leading manufacturers were also consulted over the plan of the surveys.

All surveys are substantially the same in form and content. Further details are available from the Archive upon application.
RobustECD: Enhancement of Network Structure for Robust Community Detection
Creators: name: Zhou, Jiajun
name: Chen, Zhi
name: Du, Min
name: Chen, Lihong
name: Yu, Shanqing
name: Chen, Guanrong
name: Xuan, Qi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Community detection, which focuses on clustering vertex interactions, plays a significant role in network analysis. However, it also faces numerous challenges like missing data and adversarial attack. How to further improve the performance and robustness of community detection for real-world networks has raised great concerns. In this paper, we explore robust community detection by enhancing network structure, with two generic algorithms presented: one is named robust community detection via genetic algorithm (RobustECD-GA), in which the modularity and the number of clusters are combined in a fitness function to find the optimal structure enhancement scheme; the other is called robust community detection via similarity ensemble (RobustECD-SE), integrating multiple information of community structures captured by various vertex similarities, which scales well on large-scale networks. Comprehensive experiments on real-world networks demonstrate, by comparing with two traditional enhancement strategies, that the new methods help six representative community detection algorithms achieve more significant performance improvement. Moreover, experiments on the corresponding adversarial networks indicate that the new methods could also optimize the network structure to a certain extent, achieving stronger robustness against adversarial attack. The source code of this paper is released on https://github.com/jjzhou012/RobustECD.
description: Under review. 21 pages, 14 figures
On the estimation of the current value of the cosmological constant
Creators: name: Gurzadyan, V. G.
name: Xue, She-Sheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We advance the viewpoint that only relevant modes of the vacuum fluctuations, namely, with wavelengths conditioned by the size, homogeneity, geometry and topology of the Universe, do contribute into the cosmological constant. A formula is derived which relates the cosmological constant with the size of the Universe and the three fundamental constants: the velocity of light, Planck and Newton gravitational constants. Then the current value of the cosmological constant remarkably agrees with the value indicated by distant supernovae observations, i.e. is of the order of the critical density. Thus the cosmological constant had to be smaller than the matter density in the past and will be bigger in the future.
description: the version to appear in Mod.Phys.Lett. A
Evaluating the Marketing Impact of a Regional Branding Program Using Contingent Valuation Methods: The Case of the Appalachian Grown™ Branding Program
Creators: name: Carpio, Carlos E.
name: Mathews, Leah G.
name: Boonsaeng, Tullaya
name: Perrett, Allison
name: Descieux, Katie
name: Carpio, Carlos E.
name: Mathews, Leah G.
name: Boonsaeng, Tullaya
name: Perrett, Allison
name: Descieux, Katie
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Local foods
subject: willingness to pay
subject: censored regression

description: The main objective of this study was to develop and test effective messaging and marketing efforts for the Appalachian Grown™ regional branding program. The evaluation of the impact of the marketing efforts utilizes contingent valuation (CV) methods. CV methods allowed us to elicit consumers’ preferences before and after the marketing campaign for Appalachian grown products and measure the change in consumer willingness to pay (WTP) for this attribute. We found evidence of a statically significant positive effect in one of the two stores where the campaign was implemented. In the store where the campaign was found to have a positive impact, the marketing campaign was found to increase consumers’ willingness to pay for locally grown products by about 4%. Our results indicate that consumers’ willingness to pay may be positively impacted by the implementation of in-store local food marketing campaigns.
Thomisus eminulus Tang and Li 2010
Creators: name: Tang, Guo
name: Li, Shuqiang
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Thomisidae
Thomisus
Thomisus eminulus

description: Thomisus eminulus Tang and Li, 2010
 Thomisus eminulus Tang and Li 2010: 62, figs 50A − D, 51A − B, ♂.
 Material examined.  CHINA: Yunnan , Xishuangbanna, Mengla County, Menglun Town, Menglun Nature Reserve: 6 ♂, tropical forest, August 2007 (Fogging, Zheng_sp903–sp1237), leg. G. Zheng. 6 ♂, tropical forest, November–December 2009, leg. G. Tang and Z.Y. Yao (Tang-Yao_No.4–No.42).
 Distribution. China (Hainan, Yunnan).
description: Published as part of Tang, Guo & Li, Shuqiang, 2010, Crab spiders from Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province, China (Araneae, Thomisidae) 2703, pp. 1-105 in Zootaxa 2703 on page 98
The Afterglow of GRB010222: A Case of Continuous Energy Injection
Creators: name: Bjornsson, G.
name: Hjorth, J.
name: Pedersen, K.
name: Fynbo, J. U.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The optical lightcurve of GRB010222 exhibited one of the slowest decays of any gamma-ray burst to date. Its broadband properties have been difficult to explain with conventional afterglow models, as they either require the power law index of the underlying electron energy distribution to be low, $p<2$, or that the outflow is quasi-spherical thus reviving the energy problem. We argue that the slow decay of GRB 010222 and a linear polarization of $1.36\pm 0.64$%, is naturally explained by a jet model with continuous energy injection. The electron energy distribution then has $p=2.49\pm0.05$, fully consistent with the expectation from detailed modelling of acceleration in relativistic shocks, that $p>2$, thus alleviating the ``$p$-problem''.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure. To appear in ApJL
Removing Singularities
Creators: name: Elitzur, Shmuel
name: Giveon, Amit
name: Rabinovici, Eliezer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Big bang/crunch curvature singularities in exact CFT string backgrounds can be removed by turning on gauge fields. This is described within a family of {SL(2)xSU(2)xU(1)_x}/{U(1)xU(1)} quotient CFTs. Uncharged incoming wavefunctions from the ``whiskers'' of the extended universe can be fully reflected if and only if a big bang/crunch curvature singularity, from which they are scattered, exists. Extended BTZ-like singularities remain as long as U(1)_x is compact.
description: 21 pages, harvmac
Additional file 1: Table S1. of Decreased efficacy of drugs targeting the vascular endothelial growth factor pathway by the epigenetic silencing of FLT1 in renal cancer cells
Creators: name: Kim, Jee
name: Junha Hwang
name: Lee, Seo
name: Lee, Hyo
name: Jelinek, Jaroslav
name: Hyeseon Jeong
name: Lim, Jae
name: Kim, Jin
name: Song, Kyu
name: Kim, Byung
name: Sukhoon Lee
name: Jei Kim
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Baseline characteristics of 13 advanced RCC patients treated with sunitinib. (DOCX 14.9 kb)
Zametopina calceata Simon 1909
Creators: name: Tang, Guo
name: Li, Shuqiang
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Thomisidae
Zametopina
Zametopina calceata

description: Zametopina calceata Simon, 1909
 Zametopina calceata Simon, 1909: 123, ♂; Tang et al. 2010, 65–70, figs 1–18, ♂.
 Material examined. 3 ♂, 1 ♀ see Tang et al. (2010: 66). 1 ♀,  CHINA: Yunnan , Xishuangbanna, Mengla County, Menglun Town, Menglun Nature Reserve, July 1983, no other records.
 Distribution. China (Yunnan), Vietnam.
 Remarks. The genus Zametopina Simon, 1909 was erected for a male thomisid, Z. calceata Simon, 1909 from Vietnam. Both sexes of this species were recorded from Xishuangbanna, Yunnan about 100 years later (Tang et al. 2010). This species might turn out to belong to Talaini Simon, 1895 because the epigynum shows a posteriorly situated hood, the prosoma is tent-shaped, and other somatic characters are all similar to Talaus Simon, 1886.
description: Published as part of Tang, Guo & Li, Shuqiang, 2010, Crab spiders from Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province, China (Araneae, Thomisidae) 2703, pp. 1-105 in Zootaxa 2703 on page 102
National Readership Surveys, 1958 4th Quarter
National Readership Survey, 1956-1985
Creators: name: JICNARS
Publisher: name: UK Data Service
Year: 1976

description: The National Readership Surveys are conducted quarterly either by the British Market Research Bureau or by Research Services Ltd. (1956 - 1959 Research Services Ltd; 1960 - 1967 British Market Research Bureau; 1968 - 1973 Research Services Ltd; 1974 - 1976 British Market Research Bureau; from 1977 onwards Research Services Ltd.). These surveys are designed principally to provide detailed information about the newspaper and magazine reading habits of the British people.

The sponsors are virtually all the leading newspaper proprietors and advertising agencies in the country; many leading manufacturers were also consulted over the plan of the surveys.

All surveys are substantially the same in form and content. Further details are available from the Archive upon application.
Quantum statistics in Bohmian trajectory gravity
Creators: name: Andersen, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recent experimental proposals by Bose et al. and Marletto et al. (BMV) outline a way to test for the quantum nature of gravity by measuring gravitationally induced differential phase accumulation over the superposed paths of two 10^-14kg masses. These authors outline the expected outcome of these experiments for semi-classical, quantum gravity and collapse models. It is found that both semi-classical and collapse models predict a lack of entanglement in the experimental results. This work predicts the outcome of the BMV experiment in Bohmian trajectory gravity - where classical gravity is assumed to couple to the particle configuration in each Bohmian path, as opposed to semi-classical gravity where gravity couples to the expectation value of the wave function, or of quantized gravity, where the gravitational field is itself in a quantum superposition. In the case of the BMV experiment, Bohmian trajectory gravity predicts that there will be quantum entanglement. This is surprising as the gravitational field is treated classically. A discussion of how Bohmian trajectory gravity can induce quantum entanglement for a non-superposed gravitational field is put forward.
description: 8 pages, 1 figure, from a talk given at DICE2018
National Readership Surveys, 1959 1st Quarter
National Readership Survey, 1956-1985
Creators: name: JICNARS
Publisher: name: UK Data Service
Year: 1976

description: The National Readership Surveys are conducted quarterly either by the British Market Research Bureau or by Research Services Ltd. (1956 - 1959 Research Services Ltd; 1960 - 1967 British Market Research Bureau; 1968 - 1973 Research Services Ltd; 1974 - 1976 British Market Research Bureau; from 1977 onwards Research Services Ltd.). These surveys are designed principally to provide detailed information about the newspaper and magazine reading habits of the British people.

The sponsors are virtually all the leading newspaper proprietors and advertising agencies in the country; many leading manufacturers were also consulted over the plan of the surveys.

All surveys are substantially the same in form and content. Further details are available from the Archive upon application.
PSIXOLOGLAR KASBIY KAMOLOTNI TA'MINLASHIGA XIZMAT QILUVCHI OMILLARI
Creators: name: Mirashirova, Nargiza Anvarovna
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Maqolada Psixologiya sohasi mutaxassislarini kasbiy tayyorgarligini oshirish, ularning faoliyatini aks ettiruvchi psixologik tizim, psixologik portretini shakllantirish  asosida kasbiy kamolotiga erishtirish dolzarb muammo ekanligi yoritilgan. Shuningdek, shaxsning ijtimoiy psixologiyasi muammosiga bir qator nazariy yondashuvlarni  psixolog olimlar tomonidan ishlab chiqilganligi haqida fikrlar mavjud. Tadqiqot natijalariga ko‘ra, psixolog mutaxassisiga xos xususiyatlarni rivojlantirish,bilan yaxlit omilli bog‘liqlik hosil qilinganligi yoritilgan.
Cosmic Background of Gravitational Waves from Rotating Neutron Stars
Creators: name: Regimbau, T.
name: Pacheco, J. A. de Freitas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The extragalactic background of gravitational waves produced by tri-axial rotating neutron stars was calculated, under the assumption that the properties of the underlying pulsar population are the same of those of the galactic population, recently derived by Regimbau & de Freitas Pacheco (2000). For an equatorial ellipticity of $ε$ = 10$^{-6}$, the equivalent density parameter due to gravitational waves has a maximum amplitude in the range 2$\times10^{-11}-3\times10^{-9}$, around 0.9-1.5 kHz. The main reasons affecting the theoretical predictions are discussed. This background is comparable to that produced by the ''ring-down'' emission from distorted black holes. The detection possibility of this background by a future generation of gravitational antennas is also examined.
description: accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Irreversibility and alternate minimization in phase field fracture: a viscosity approach
Creators: name: Almi, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35Q74, 49J45, 74R05, 74R10

description: This work is devoted to the analysis of convergence of an alternate (staggered) minimization algorithm in the framework of phase field models of fracture. The energy of the system is characterized by a nonlinear splitting of tensile and compressive strains, featuring non-interpenetration of the fracture lips. The alternating scheme is coupled with an $L^{2}$-penalization in the phase field variable, driven by a viscous parameter~$δ>0$, and with an irreversibility constraint, forcing the monotonicity of the phase field only w.r.t.~time, but not along the whole iterative minimization. We show first the convergence of such a scheme to a viscous evolution for $δ>0$ and then consider the vanishing viscosity limit $δ\to 0$.
Hot Molecular Gas in the Galactic Center
Creators: name: Herrnstein, Robeson McGary
name: Ho, Paul T. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the new 23 GHz receivers at the Very Large Array (VLA), we have detected NH3(6,6) emission (nu=25.056025 GHz) from hot (>150 K) molecular clouds in the central 10 pc of the Galaxy. This is the first successful detection of NH3(6,6) with the VLA. The brightest emission comes from a region interior to the ``circumnuclear disk'' (CND), less than 1.5 pc in projected distance from Sgr A*. This region does not show molecular emission from lower energy transitions such as NH3(1,1) and (2,2), HCN(1-0) and HCO+(1-0). Line ratios of NH3(6,6) and (3,3) emission as well as NH3(6,6) line widths have peak values within 1.5 pc of Sgr A*, indicating that the gas is physically close to the nucleus. NH3(6,6) is also detected towards many features outside the CND observed in NH3(1,1), (2,2), and (3,3). These features tend to lie along ridges of gas associated with Sgr A East or the massive ``molecular ridge'' that connects the ``20 km/s'' and ``50 km/s'' giant molecular clouds (GMCs).
description: 7 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ Letters
National Readership Surveys, 1959 2nd Quarter
National Readership Survey, 1956-1985
Creators: name: JICNARS
Publisher: name: UK Data Service
Year: 1976

description: The National Readership Surveys are conducted quarterly either by the British Market Research Bureau or by Research Services Ltd. (1956 - 1959 Research Services Ltd; 1960 - 1967 British Market Research Bureau; 1968 - 1973 Research Services Ltd; 1974 - 1976 British Market Research Bureau; from 1977 onwards Research Services Ltd.). These surveys are designed principally to provide detailed information about the newspaper and magazine reading habits of the British people.

The sponsors are virtually all the leading newspaper proprietors and advertising agencies in the country; many leading manufacturers were also consulted over the plan of the surveys.

All surveys are substantially the same in form and content. Further details are available from the Archive upon application.
National Readership Surveys, 1959 3rd Quarter
National Readership Survey, 1956-1985
Creators: name: JICNARS
Publisher: name: UK Data Service
Year: 1976

description: The National Readership Surveys are conducted quarterly either by the British Market Research Bureau or by Research Services Ltd. (1956 - 1959 Research Services Ltd; 1960 - 1967 British Market Research Bureau; 1968 - 1973 Research Services Ltd; 1974 - 1976 British Market Research Bureau; from 1977 onwards Research Services Ltd.). These surveys are designed principally to provide detailed information about the newspaper and magazine reading habits of the British people.

The sponsors are virtually all the leading newspaper proprietors and advertising agencies in the country; many leading manufacturers were also consulted over the plan of the surveys.

All surveys are substantially the same in form and content. Further details are available from the Archive upon application.
Constraining the Particle Production Mechanism in Au+Au Collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=$ 7.7, 27, and 200 GeV Using A Multi Phase Transport Model
Creators: name: Nandi, Abhirikshma
name: Kumar, Lokesh
name: Sharma, Natasha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the production of pions, kaons, and (anti)protons in A Multi Phase Transport (AMPT) Model in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=$ 7.7, 27, and 200 GeV. We present the centrality and energy dependence of various bulk observables such as invariant yields as a function of transverse momentum $p_T$, particle yields $dN/dy$, average transverse momentum $\langle p_T \rangle$, and various particle ratios, and compare them with experimental data. Both default and string melting (SM) versions of the AMPT model are used with three different sets of initial conditions. We observe that neither the default nor the SM version of the model could consistently describe the centrality dependence of all observables at the above energies with any one set of initial conditions. The energy dependence behavior of the experimental observables for 0--5\% central collisions is in general better described by the default AMPT model using the modified HIJING parameters for Lund string fragmentation and 3mb parton scattering cross-section. In addition, the kaon production as well as the $K/π$ ratio at 7.7 GeV are under predicted by the AMPT model.
description: 16 pages with 8 captioned figures. The updated version is modified in accordance with the published version
Coexistence of glassy antiferromagnetism and giant magnetoresistance (GMR) in Fe/Cr multilayer structures
Creators: name: Theodoropoulou, N.
name: Hebard, A. F.
name: Gabay, M.
name: Majumdar, A. K.
name: Pace, C.
name: Lannon, J.
name: Temple, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using temperature-dependent magnetoresistance and magnetization measurements on Fe/Cr multilayers that exhibit pronounced giant magnetoresistance (GMR), we have found evidence for the presence of a glassy antiferromagnetic (GAF) phase. This phase reflects the influence of interlayer exchange coupling (IEC) at low temperature (T < 140K) and is characterized by a field-independent glassy transition temperature, Tg, together with irreversible behavior having logarithmic time dependence below a "de Almeida and Thouless" (AT) critical field line. At room temperature, where the GMR effect is still robust, IEC plays only a minor role, and it is the random potential variations acting on the magnetic domains that are responsible for the antiparallel interlayer domain alignment.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Economic Impacts of Diversified Cropping Systems
Creators: name: Mulik, Kranti
name: Mulik, Kranti
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Land Economics/Use
Production Economics

description: Conventional production systems in the Midwest are heavily reliant on synthetic nitrogen fertilizers and herbicides to maintain soil fertility and manage weeds. Consequently, nitrogen and herbicides emitted from cropland contaminate groundwater and surface waters, with negative impacts on community health, ecosystems, and fisheries. Alternative farming systems that employ diversified cropping patterns, mixed crop-livestock production, and integrated pest management can prevent many of these problems without reducing farm yields and profits. An ongoing study from Iowa State University’s Marsden Farm in Boone County, Iowa, has compared crop yields, weed suppression, and profitability of low-external-input cropping systems with those of conventional corn-soybean cropping systems. This research reveals that more complex rotations substituting other crops for some of the corn and soybean on a farm can reap a variety of benefits, from reduced pesticide use to increased farm profits. The long-term Marsden Farm study has only demonstrated this potential on a relatively small scale. Using data from that experiment, we analyze the economic feasibility of adopting diverse crop rotation systems on a larger scale across the state of Iowa.
Quantum Liouville theory versus quantized Teichmüller spaces
Creators: name: Teschner, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This note announces the proof of a conjecture of H. Verlinde, according to which the spaces of Liouville conformal blocks and the Hilbert spaces from the quantization of the Teichmüller spaces of Riemann surfaces carry equivalent representations of the mapping class group. This provides a basis for the geometrical interpretation of quantum Liouville theory in its relation to quantized spaces of Riemann surfaces.
description: Contribution to the proceedings of the 35th Ahrenshoop Symposium
National Readership Surveys, 1959 4th Quarter
National Readership Survey, 1956-1985
Creators: name: JICNARS
Publisher: name: UK Data Service
Year: 1976

description: The National Readership Surveys are conducted quarterly either by the British Market Research Bureau or by Research Services Ltd. (1956 - 1959 Research Services Ltd; 1960 - 1967 British Market Research Bureau; 1968 - 1973 Research Services Ltd; 1974 - 1976 British Market Research Bureau; from 1977 onwards Research Services Ltd.). These surveys are designed principally to provide detailed information about the newspaper and magazine reading habits of the British people.

The sponsors are virtually all the leading newspaper proprietors and advertising agencies in the country; many leading manufacturers were also consulted over the plan of the surveys.

All surveys are substantially the same in form and content. Further details are available from the Archive upon application.
Correlated states in magic angle twisted bilayer graphene under the optical conductivity scrutiny
Creators: name: Calderón, M. J.
name: Bascones, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Moiré systems displaying flat bands have emerged as novel platforms to study correlated electron phenomena. Insulating and superconducting states appear upon doping magic angle twisted bilayer graphene (TBG), and there is evidence of correlation induced effects at the charge neutrality point (CNP) which could originate from spontaneous symmetry breaking. Our theoretical calculations show how optical conductivity measurements can distinguish different symmetry breaking states, and reveal the nature of the correlated states. In the specific case of nematic order, which breaks the discrete rotational symmetry of the lattice, we find that the Dirac cones are displaced, not only in momentum space but also in energy, inducing finite Drude weight at the CNP. We also show that the sign of the dc conductivity anisotropy induced by a nematic order depends on the degree of lattice relaxation, the doping and the nature of the symmetry breaking.
description: 6 pages, including 4 multiple figures + Suppl. Information. with text and 3 figures
Price Volatility, Tariff Structure and the Special Safeguard Mechanism
Creators: name: Leister, Amanda M.
name: Narayanan, Badri
name: Leister, Amanda M.
name: Narayanan, Badri
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Special Safeguard Mechanism
subject: Specific Tariffs
subject: Agricultural Trade
subject: Trade Policy
subject: CGE Modeling

description: Agricultural commodity and food price volatility has been a central focus by policy makers around the globe. Following price spikes in 2008, 2011 and 2012, much attention has been given to price fluctuations as poor households are more negatively affected by extreme variation in prices rather than the increasing levels of prices alone. Two key contentious policy measures within the WTO that affect both the levels and potential variability in commodity prices include specific tariffs and the proposed Special Safeguard Mechanism (SSM). Both policies are shown to be discriminatory in nature towards developing countries (Chowdri, 2012 and Hertel et al. 2010). However, while the SSM is expected to increase agricultural price volatility, the use of specific tariffs may be volatility reducing when compared to an ad valorem tariff structure. This research investigates the potential for reduced commodity price volatility in the presence of the SSM, given the use of specific rather than ad valorem tariffs. Our works implements the SSM in a computable general equilibrium modeling framework and finds evidence of decreased variability of producer prices, import prices, and output in most developed and developing countries when specific tariffs are accounted for.
title: Politische Wissenschaft als politisches Handeln . Analysen rechten Terrors bei Emil Julius Gumbel, Ernst Fraenkel und Franz L. Neumann
Creators: name: Schulz, Sarah
Publisher: name: ZZF - Centre for Contemporary History: Zeitgeschichte online
Year: 2021

description: „Wie sich die Spannungen lösen lassen, hängt letztlich von uns selbst ab“, schreibt der Rechts- und Politikwissenschaftler Ernst Fraenkel in seinem Buch Der Doppelstaat, das 1941 im US-Exil erschien. Das Buch war eine der ersten Analysen des nationalsozialistischen Regimes und ist das bekannteste Werk Fraenkels. Hier soll es aber nicht um den Doppelstaat selbst gehen, dem ein anderer Beitrag in diesem Schwerpunkt gewidmet ist, und auch nicht um die Spannungen, die Fraenkel anspricht. Vielmehr liegt das Augenmerk auf der Handlungsfähigkeit der Menschen, die er ausmacht. Wer ist das „uns“, das er anspricht; ja, warum spricht er überhaupt „uns“ inmitten einer wissenschaftlichen Analyse an? Die Antwort, die ich auf diese Ausgangsfrage geben möchte, versucht einen methodisch ideengeschichtlichen Ansatz der Politikwissenschaft für die Zeitgeschichte fruchtbar zu machen.
Classical states and decoherence by unitary evolution in the thermodynamic limit
Creators: name: Frasca, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown how classical states, meant as states representing a classical object, can be produced in the thermodynamic limit, retaining the unitary evolution of quantum mechanics. Besides, using a simple model of a single spin interacting with a spin-bath, it is seen how decoherence, with the off-diagonal terms in the density matrix going to zero, can be obtained when the number of the spins in the bath is taken to go formally to infinity. In this case, indeed, the system appears to flop at a frequency being formally infinity that, from a physical standpoint, can be proved equivalent to a time average.
description: 7 pages, no figures. Contribution to the proceedings of the IV edition of the Garda Lake Workshop "Mysteries, Puzzles and Paradoxes in Quantum Mechanics", August 27 - September 1, 2001
X Ray Precursors in SGRs: Precessing Gamma Jet Tails
Creators: name: Fargion, Daniele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Weak isolated X-ray precursor events before the main Gamma Ray Burst, GRB, and also rare Soft Gamma Repeaters, SGR, events are in complete disagreement with any Fireball, or Magnetar, one-shoot explosive scenarios. Fireball model in last two years has been deeply modified into a fountain beamed Jet exploding and interacting on external shells to explain GRB fine time structure. On the contrary earlier we proposed a unified scenario for both GRBs-SGRs where a precessing Gamma Jet (of different intensity) and its geometrical beaming is the source of both GRB and SGRs wide morphology. GRBs are peaked SNs Jet spinning and precessing observed along the thin Jet axis. Their mysterious weak X precursors bursts, corresponding to non-negligible energy powers, up to million Supernova ones for GRB, are gamma Jet tails beamed off-axis, observed at X-Ray tails. They are rare, about (3-6)% of all GRBs, but not unique at all. Comparable brief X-ray precursor flashes occurred in rarest and most detailed SGRs events as the 27 and the 29 August 1998 event from SGR 1900+14. The same source has been in very power-full activity on recent 18 April 2001 once again preceded by X-Ray precursors. These events are inconsistent with any Fireball or Magnetar-Mini-Fireball models. We interpret them naturally as earlier marginal blazing of outlying X conical precessing Jet, an off-axis tails surrounding a narrower gamma precessing Jet. Only when the light-house Jet is in on-axis blazing mode toward the Earth we observe the harder power-full SGR event. We predict such a rich X-Ray precursor signals (more numerous then gamma ones) during Soft Gamma Repeater peak activities; they should be abundant and within detection threshold by a permanent monitoring SGRs by Beppo-Sax WFC or Chandra X ray satellites while at peak activity.
description: 6 pages, 4 Figures, Conference Soft Gamma Repeaters: The Rome 2000 Mini-Workshop 16 October 2000; Minor editorial corrections in text and image
The problem of quantum correlations and the totalitarian principle
Creators: name: Cabello, Adán
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The totalitarian principle establishes that `anything not forbidden is compulsory'. The problem of quantum correlations is explaining what selects the set of quantum correlations for a Bell and Kochen-Specker (KS) contextuality scenario. Here, we show that two assumptions and a version of the totalitarian principle lead to the quantum correlations. The assumptions are that there is a non-empty set of correlations for any KS contextuality scenario and a statistically independent realisation of any two KS experiments. The version of the totalitarian principle says that any correlation not forbidden by these assumptions can be produced. This paper contains a short version of the proof [presented in {\em Phys. Rev. A} \textbf{100}, 032120 (2019)] and explores some implications of the result. This article is part of the theme issue `Contextuality and probability in quantum mechanics and beyond'.
description: 18 pages, 2 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1801.06347
Factorizations of surjective maps of connected quandles
Creators: name: Braun, T.
name: Crotwell, C.
name: Liu, A.
name: Weston, P.
name: Yetter, D. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20N05, 57M25

description: We consider the problem of when one quandle homomorphism will factor through another, restricting our attention to the case where all quandles involved are connected. We provide a complete solution to the problem for surjective quandle homomorphisms using the structure theorem for connected quandles of Ehrman et al. (2008) and the factorization system for surjective quandle homomorphsims of Bunch et al. (2010) as our primary tools. The paper contains the substantive results obtained by an REU research group consisting of the first four authors under the mentorship of the fifth, and was supported by National Science Foundation, grant DMS-1659123.
description: 14 pages
Buddleja ignea Kraenzlin 1908
Creators: name: O'Leary, Nataly
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Lamiales
Scrophulariaceae
Buddleja
Buddleja ignea

description: Buddleja ignea Kraenzlin (1908: 309)
Type (lectotype designated by Norman 2000: 108 as “holotype”, corrected here):— BOLIVIA. Tarija: Paicho, K. Fiebrig 3046 (F barcode V0062101F! [digital image], fragment ex B photo neg. 3888!, isolectotypes A barcode 075703! [digital image], BM barcode 0600627! [digital image], E barcode 0259278! [digital image], G barcode 00236168! [digital image], GH barcode 075705! [digital image], GOET barcode 0475! [digital image], K barcode 0573225! [digital image], L barcode 04921! [digital image], S-R-No. 758! [digital image], U barcode 03704! [digital image], US barcode 0113038! [digital image]).
Current status:—heterotypic synonym of Buddleja tucumanensis Grisebach (1874: 213).
description: Published as part of O'Leary, Nataly, 2015, Typification and nomenclatural notes on twenty-three names of Buddleja (Schrophulariaceae), pp. 237-245 in Phytotaxa 234 (3) on pages 240-241, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.234.3.4, http://zenodo.org/record/13632992
XMM-Newton observations of two black hole X-ray transients in quiescence
Creators: name: Hameury, J. -M.
name: Barret, D.
name: Lasota, J. -P.
name: McClintock, J. E.
name: Menou, K.
name: Motch, C.
name: Olive, J. -F.
name: Webb, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on XMM-Newton observations of GRO J1655-40 and GRS 1009-45, which are two black hole X-ray transients currently in their quiescent phase. GRO J1655-40 was detected with a 0.5 - 10 keV luminosity of 5.9 10^{31} erg/s. This luminosity is comparable to a previous Chandra measurement, but ten times lower than the 1996 ASCA value, most likely obtained when the source was not yet in a true quiescent state. Unfortunately, XMM-Newton failed to detect GRS 1009-45. A stringent upper limit of 8.9 10^{30} erg/s was derived by combining data from the EPIC-MOS and PN cameras. The X-ray spectrum of GRO J1655-40 is very hard as it can be fitted with a power law model of photon index ~ 1.3 +/- 0.4. Similarly hard spectra have been observed from other systems; these rule out coronal emission from the secondary or disk flares as the origin of the observed X-rays. On the other hand, our observations are consistent with the predictions of the disc instability model in the case that the accretion flow forms an advection dominated accretion flow (ADAF) at distances less than a fraction ~ 0.1 - 0.3) of the circularization radius. This distance corresponds to the greatest extent of the ADAF that is thought to be possible.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures. Submitted to Astronomy and Astrophysics
Variable-Length Source Dispersions Differ under Maximum and Average Error Criteria
Creators: name: Sakai, Yuta
name: Tan, Vincent Y. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Variable-length compression without prefix-free constraints and with side-information available at both encoder and decoder is considered. Instead of requiring the code to be error-free, we allow for it to have a non-vanishing error probability. We derive one-shot bounds on the optimal average codeword length by proposing two new information quantities; namely, the conditional and unconditional $\varepsilon$-cutoff entropies. Using these one-shot bounds, we obtain the second-order asymptotics of the problem under two different formalisms---the average and maximum probabilities of error over the realization of the side-information. While the first-order terms in the asymptotic expansions for both formalisms are identical, we find that the source dispersion under the average error formalism is, in most cases, strictly smaller than its maximum error counterpart. Applications to a certain class of guessing problems, previously studied by Kuzuoka [\emph{{IEEE} Trans.\ Inf.\ Theory}, vol.~66, no.~3, pp.~1674--1690, 2020], are also discussed.
description: 23 pages, accepted for publication in IEEE Transactions on Information Theory
Generalized and multiplexed $q$-plates: experimental implementation
Creators: name: Vergara, Martin
name: Chironi, Emanuel
name: Iemmi, Claudio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we generalize the concept of $q$-plate, allowing arbitrary functions of both the radial and the azimuthal variables, and study their effect on uniformly polarized beams in the near and far-field regime. This gives a tool for achieving beams with hybrid states of polarization (SoPs), and alternative phase and intensity distributions. We also implement an experimental device based on a liquid crystal on silicon (LCoS) display for emulating these generalized $q$-plates. Moreover, we propose an application that takes advantage of the pixelated nature of this kind of devices for creating arbitrary superpositions of vector and vortex beams by representing onto the LCoS randomized combinations of two different $q$-plates, i.e. multiplexed $q$-plates. Great agreement is found between theoretical and experimental results.
description: This replacement is mainly due to the inclusion of experimental results. 18 pages, 12 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1812.08202