cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Constraints on the Cosmological Coupling of Black Holes from the Globular Cluster NGC 3201
Creators: name: Rodriguez, Carl L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Globular clusters are among the oldest stellar populations in the Milky Way; consequently, they also host some of the oldest known stellar-mass black holes, providing insight into black hole formation and evolution in the early ($z\gtrsim 2$) Universe. Recent observations of supermassive black holes in elliptical galaxies have been invoked to suggest the possibility of a cosmological coupling between astrophysical black holes and the surrounding expanding Universe, offering a mechanism for black holes to grow over cosmic time, and potentially explaining the origin of dark energy. In this paper, I show that the mass functions of the two radial velocity black hole candidates in NGC 3201 place strong constraints on the cosmologically-coupled growth of black holes. In particular, the amount of coupling required to explain the origin of dark energy would either require both NGC 3201 black holes to be nearly face on (a configuration with probability of at most $10^{-4}$) or one of the BHs would need to have formed with a mass below that of the most massive neutron stars ($2.2M_{\odot}$). This emphasizes that these and other detached black hole-star binaries can serve not only as laboratories for compact object and binary astrophysics, but as constraints on the long-term evolution of astrophysical black holes.
description: 9 Pages, 2 Figures, matches version accepted by ApJL
Energies of knot diagrams
Creators: name: Karpenkov, Oleg
name: Sossinsky, Alexey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57M25, 35A15

description: We introduce and begin the study of new knot energies defined on knot diagrams. Physically, they model the internal energy of thin metallic solid tori squeezed between two parallel planes. Thus the knots considered can perform the second and third Reidemeister moves, but not the first one. The energy functionals considered are the sum of two terms, the uniformization term (which tends to make the curvature of the knot uniform) and the resistance term (which, in particular, forbids crossing changes). We define an infinite family of uniformization functionals, depending on an arbitrary smooth function $f$ and study the simplest nontrivial case $f(x)=x^2$, obtaining neat normal forms (corresponding to minima of the functional) by making use of the Gauss representation of immersed curves, of the phase space of the pendulum, and of elliptic functions.
Comparing Toxicity Across Social Media Platforms for COVID-19 Discourse
Creators: name: Noor, Nahiyan Bin
name: Yousefi, Niloofar
name: Spann, Billy
name: Agarwal, Nitin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The emergence of toxic information on social networking sites, such as Twitter, Parler, and Reddit, has become a growing concern. Consequently, this study aims to assess the level of toxicity in COVID-19 discussions on Twitter, Parler, and Reddit. Using data analysis from January 1 through December 31, 2020, we examine the development of toxicity over time and compare the findings across the three platforms. The results indicate that Parler had lower toxicity levels than both Twitter and Reddit in discussions related to COVID-19. In contrast, Reddit showed the highest levels of toxicity, largely due to various anti-vaccine forums that spread misinformation about COVID-19 vaccines. Notably, our analysis of COVID-19 vaccination conversations on Twitter also revealed a significant presence of conspiracy theories among individuals with highly toxic attitudes. Our computational approach provides decision-makers with useful information about reducing the spread of toxicity within online communities. The study's findings highlight the importance of taking action to encourage more uplifting and productive online discourse across all platforms.
Security Architecture Template
Creators: name: Tverdyshev, Sergey
name: Caracuel, Benito
name: Álvarez, Amelia
name: Ortega, Alvaro
name: Rico, Jose Emilio
name: Hametner, Reinhard
name: Blasum, Holger
name: Kertis, Tomáš
name: Schulz, Thorsten
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Domain separation
non-bypassability
anti-tamper
secure initialisation

description: The certMILS project (http://www.certmils.eu/) aims at easing building and certification of complex critical systems by using a certain architecture for structuring these systems into partitions that run on a separation kernel, called MILS (Multiple Independent Levels of Security / Safety). Once a critical system is structured by use of a separation kernel, then this technical structuring should lend itself also to a similarly logically structured security and safety argument in certification. Analogous to the separation kernel that is to be used for building a MILS system, this deliverable provides a security architecture template that is to be used for the certification of that MILS system. The target audience of this document is: * Developers of systems,based on a MILS architecture, providing them a template about how to describe their MILS system. * Security evaluators of a MILS-based system, giving hints about how the developer description can be used to argue for compliance to Common Criteria (CC) and IEC 62443. The assurance case made by the security architecture template in this document identifies as building blocks the security mechanisms implemented by a MILS separation kernel and a typical application payload in partitions and derives typical security architecture arguments for MILS-based systems.
Viewing the Sparkling Scenery of the Sea with Μαρμάρεος
Creators: name: Saito, Yukiko
Publisher: name: AOQU (Achilles Orlando Quixote Ulysses). Journal on Epic
Year: 2020

description: Bright sea-views, their mysteriously multicoloured, resonant motion empowered with a sense of divinity, enchant viewers. One element is crucial; the significance of the light that brightens and darkens marine hues. Focusing on μαρμάρεος, through a colour-related epistemological approach, I examine μαρμάρεος’ metaphorical, transformed representation, illuminating the entangled interrelation between its bright-hued aspects and viewers. The view of sparkling sea at Il. XIV 273 is challenging to visualise, since colour, being co-involved with various factors, is a multisensory experience. Also, neuroscientific research indicates the positive benefit for humans of being near the sea, including viewing marine vistas. Distilling the unseen nexus between μαρμάρεος, light, and sea, which entails a two-fold connotation, my goal is to reveal the poet’s aesthetic, almost orchestral skill, conveying both visual effect and the sacredness of light, unveiling the ancient colour-sense.
description: AOQU (Achilles Orlando Quixote Ulysses). Journal on Epic, N. 2 (2020): Epica marina
The relationship of self-reported executive functioning to suicidal ideation and suicide attempts
Creators: name: Saffer, Boaz Y.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: Introduction: Suicide has a devastating impact on individuals and communities worldwide yet few risk few factors reliably predict future suicide attempts. A growing body of research suggesting that that risk factors commonly associated with suicide (such as depression) are more predictive of suicidal thoughts, not suicidal acts – an important distinction since most people who think about suicide do not act on their thoughts. Executive functioning abilities mediate the relationship between thoughts and behaviours and therefore might be uniquely implicated in the progression from suicidal thoughts to suicidal acts. Our study examined whether two multidimensional measures of executive functioning differentiated those with a history of suicidal ideation from those with a history of suicide attempts using an online platform. Participants and Methods: Five-hundred and seventy seven participants (Mean age=34.6, SD=11.6) participated in study. Participants were divided into five groups based on lifetime, greater than past-12 month, and past-12 month histories of suicide ideation and suicide attempts: nonsuicidal (n=180), non-recent ideation (n=136), recent ideation (n=61), non-recent attempts (n=103), recent attempts (n=21). Executive functioning (EF) was measured using the Behavioural Rating Inventory of Executive Functions – Adult Version (BRIEF-A) and the Frontal Systems Behaviour Scale (FrSBe). Several covariates including impulsivity and other known suicide risk factors and potential confounds were also assessed. Results: Moderate to large differences (d range=.53-1.08) in executive functioning were obtained comparing recent attempters to recent ideators. Attempters and ideators differed most on the FrSBe disinhibition scale (d=1.08), BRIEF Behaviour Regulation Index (d=1.02), and BRIEF-A Global Executive Composite (d=1.01), with attempters reporting worse executive functioning. Interestingly, comparing lifetime attempters to ideators as well as non-recent attempters to ideators revealed only weak to small differences (d range=.11-.38 and .03 – .3, respectively). This pattern remained robust when controlling for covariates. Discussion: Lifetime attempters and ideators did not meaningfully differ on self-reported executive functioning. Executive functioning did, however, clearly differentiate recent attempters from recent ideators suggesting that impaired executive functioning might represent an important state risk factor for suicide attempts. However, findings may also represent a reporting bias, and it will be important for future studies to utilize prospective designs.
Guidelines to use and apply PP for all involved stakeholders
Creators: name: Rollo, Jan
name: Kurth, Helmut
name: Hohenegger, Andreas
name: Álvarez de Sotomayor, Amelia
name: Caracuel, Benito
name: Ortega, Alvaro
name: Tverdyshev, Sergey
name: Blasum, Holger
name: Kertis, Tomáš
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: PP protection profile
separation kernel
assurance
system view
MILS multiple independent levels of safety/security

description: We explain how separation kernels are useful for building and certifying medium-and high-assurance systems. We explain how to read a generic document used in the certification of separation-kernel-based systems, the certMILS protection profile (PP), and how to write new PP-conformant security targets for specific separation kernels.
Communications in sex work : a content analysis of online sex work advertisements among men, women and transgender people in Vancouver
Creators: name: Kille, Julie Ann
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: The increased use of technology to purchase goods and services has changed the landscape of how we advertise, buy and sell commodities. This has contributed to an increase in off-street sex work advertised on the Internet. It is estimated that 80% of sex work in British Columbia occurs off street and the use of web advertising for services has grown exponentially (O’Doherty, 2011). While street-based sex work has been well studied, and there is a significant and growing body of knowledge concerning off-street sex work, communications in advertising sex work online is an emerging field of inquiry. There have been few studies that have examined these communications, and most have been population specific. In this study, 75 online advertisements for sex work in Vancouver, British Columbia were compared to determine what information was regularly communicated and how this information differed between men, women and transgender people using this medium to conduct business. Content analysis was employed as a method to extract the data from the websites in a systemized, categorical way and the results were analyzed to compare differences between groups, focusing on communications, health, safety, and business information. The findings suggest that while there are similarities between men, women and transgender people advertising sex work online, there are important differences that require further study to determine if they have impacted the health and safety of sex workers. This study summarizes what is being communicated in online advertisements of sex workers and contributes to understandings about how sex workers are communicating about health, safety and business to their clients. These insights can assist health care providers and policy makers in creating interventions to improve health and safety for sex workers and their clients.
Momentum-space 3N Faddeev calculations of hadronic and electromagnetic reactions with proton-proton Coulomb and three-nucleon forces included
Creators: name: Witala, H.
name: Skibinski, R.
name: Golak, J.
name: Gloeckle, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extend our approach to incorporate the proton-proton (pp) Coulomb force into the three-nucleon (3N) momentum-space Faddeev calculations of elastic proton-deuteron (pd) scattering and breakup to the case when also a three-nucleon force (3NF) is acting. In addition we formulate that approach in the application to electron- and gamma-induced reactions on 3He. The main new ingredient is a 3-dimensional screened pp Coulomb t-matrix obtained by a numerical solution of a 3-dimensional Lippmann-Schwinger equation (LSE). The resulting equations have the same structure as the Faddeev equations which describe pd scattering without 3NF acting. That shows the practical feasibility of both presented formulations.
description: 12 pages
Burst-suppression events and fast, large-amplitude, sharp waves in the cortical EEG during deep isoflurane coma
Creators: name: Mariam, Tasnuva
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2018

description: Carefully monitoring the depth of anesthesia throughout the surgical procedures is crucial during in vivo neurophysiological studies. Although the variability in delivering inhalational anesthetics among the anesthetic vaporizers is very likely, this issue has been commonly ignored. Such variability could produce incongruities in results obtained from in vivo studies that can be erroneously interpreted largely due to inherent biological error. The purpose of this study, therefore, was to investigate the depth of anesthesia using the cortical EEG recording technique with carefully increased concentrations of isoflurane (ISO), a common inhalational anesthetic agent. The present study demonstrates the existence of concentration-dependent distinct changes in EEG waveform activity during the shift from light to deep ISO anesthesia in rats. The study was performed across three cohorts of male Sprague-Dawley rats (cohort I - control, cohort II - sleep-deprived continuously for 9 h and cohort III - recovery for 48 h). Initially, a relatively low isoflurane concentration (ISO%) produced continuous large-amplitude slow-wave baseline EEG activity within the delta and theta bandwidths (0-8 Hz). As the ISO% was increased the slow-wave activities fragmented into a burst-suppression pattern. As the concentration of ISO increased further the number of burst-suppression events decreased further and disappeared leaving an isoelectric EEG pattern. Further increases in ISO% (3% relative ISO) resulted in the emergence of FLAS-waves during very deep ISO%. Increasing the ISO% exerted a dose-response curve for burst events and FLAS-waves. This suggests that the cortical EEG can serve as a reliable biomarker of stable and consistent distinct planes of anesthesia by monitoring the desired number of burst events per minute. Since sleep and anesthesia share similar characteristics, it was appropriate to test whether sleep deprivation exerted any effect on the EEG activities during ISO anesthesia. The present study demonstrated that the dose-response curve for ISO on burst events was shifted to the right following sleep deprivation. Additionally, the finding of FLAS-waves in rats during very deep ISO anesthesia following burst-suppression events and the subsequent isoelectric period suggest a new arena of the brain physiology that may have multiple implications for the study of pain, coma, aging, cognition, etc.
Science highlights from the Fermi Large Area Telescope
Creators: name: Baldini, L.
name: Tibaldo, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: During its first three years of operation, the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope has provided an unprecedented view of the high energy gamma-ray sky, and also performed direct measurements of the cosmic-ray leptons and searches for signals from dark matter. In this paper we present a short overview of some highlight results, shedding new light on the high-energy side of the Universe.
description: Contribution to Les Rencontres de Physique de la Vall\'ee D'Aoste (La Thuile, February 27-March 5 2011); 12 pages, 5 figures
title: How to Re-Hijack Your Mind: Critical Making and the ‘Battle for Intelligence’
Creators: name: Booten, Kyle
Publisher: name: Electronic Book Review
Year: 2021

description: To browse the internet is to subject oneself to sophisticated and unceasing techniques of attention-capture, of which the pop-up advertisement is only the most crass and vexatious example. This paper describes the development of Nightingale, a web browser extension that fights distraction with distraction. It does this by injecting the web with pop-up ads consisting of semantically-relevant fragments of the poetry of Keats. Nightingale represents an attempt to engage in “noöhacking”—that is, repurposing the cognitively-destructive aspects of contemporary digital media in order to care for one’s own mind.’
Additional file 1 of Clinical and economic analysis of Gastrodin injection for dizziness or vertigo: a retrospective cohort study based on electronic health records in China
Creators: name: Lai, Yunfeng
name: Wang, Ruoning
name: Li, Wei
name: Zhu, He
name: Fei, Shuyang
name: Shi, Honghao
name: Lu, Nan
name: Ung, Carolina Oi Lam
name: Hu, Hao
name: Han, Sheng
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: Medicine
Biotechnology
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: STROBE Statement—Checklist of items that should be included in reports of cohort studies.
From keeping together in time, to keeping together in mind : behavioral synchrony and theory of mind
Creators: name: Baimel, Adam Sean
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: Human cultural practices are, and have always been, profoundly ritualistic. Yet, only recently has the study of ritual practices gained favor in the psychological sciences. Specifically, there is great intrigue in exploring why certain ritual forms consistently emerge across cultural and historical boundaries as they often exert potent effects on human sociality, cooperation, and cohesion. For instance, culturally evolved collective rituals often involve some form of synchronized behavior. However, little is known about specific social cognitive effects of synchrony – the act of keeping together in time with others. Here, I hypothesized that synchronizing with others engages, and fosters, our everyday cognitive processes for reasoning about other minds – our theory of mind. To test this hypothesis, I first demonstrated that participation in a synchronous ritualized task in the lab produced increases on a measure of theory of mind. In a second study, I replicated this effect and demonstrated that it could not be accounted for by general increases in sociality. In a third experiment, I tested the hypothesis that synchrony would foster ability as well as tendencies towards mental state reasoning. The results of which suggest that synchronizing with others produces a willingness to take on others’ perspectives, but not necessarily greater ability to actually do so. Results are discussed in terms of how turning to culturally evolved practices, such as ritual, can greatly contribute to our understanding of human psychological processes.
High-speed and wide-field nanoscale table-top ptychographic EUV imaging and beam characterization with a sCMOS detector
Creators: name: Eschen, Wilhelm
name: Liu, Chang
name: Molina, Daniel S. Penagos
name: Klas, Robert
name: Limpert, Jens
name: Rothhardt, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present high-speed and wide-field EUV ptychography at 13.5 nm wavelength using a table-top high-order harmonic source. By employing a scientific complementary metal oxide semiconductor (sCMOS) detector the scan time for sub-20 nm high-resolution measurements were significantly reduced by up to a factor of five. The fast frame rate of sCMOS enables wide-field imaging with a field of view of 100 μm x 100 μm with an imaging speed of 4.6 Mpix/h. Furthermore, fast EUV wavefront characterization is employed using a combination of the sCMOS detector with orthogonal probe relaxation.
Cell decompositions of Teichmüller spaces of surfaces with boundary
Creators: name: Guo, Ren
name: Luo, Feng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 57M50, Secondary 30F60

description: A family of coordinates $ψ_h$ for the Teichmüller space of a compact surface with boundary was introduced in \cite{l2}. In the work \cite{m1}, Mondello showed that the coordinate $ψ_0$ can be used to produce a natural cell decomposition of the Teichmüller space invariant under the action of the mapping class group. In this paper, we show that the similar result also works for all other coordinate $ψ_h$ for any $h \geq 0$.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures
Immune regulation of autoinflammation caused by cellular stress
Creators: name: Yao, Yu
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: During chronic inflammation and tissue injuries, various danger-associated molecules can be released and are able to potentiate inflammation and T cell responses. Among the many possible danger signals, I focused on studying high concentrations of extracellular ATP since it has been implicated in a variety of autoinflammatory diseases. ATP activates the inflammasome in macrophages, stimulates dendritic cell (DC) maturation, and inhibits regulatory T cell (Treg) function. However, how ATP regulates Toll-like receptor (TLR) responses in intestinal epithelial cells (IECs), which represent the front line of enteric defense, remains unclear. Therefore, I examined how ATP modulates TLR responses in IECs and found that it enhanced the response of IECs to a TLR1/2 ligand Pam₃CSK₄ primarily through the P2X7 purinergic receptor, leading to increased DC maturation and antigen-specific T cell proliferation. Furthermore, intra-rectal delivery of ATP lowered the activation threshold of epithelial cells to endogenous TLR ligands, making IECs more prone to immune activation. Since ATP is an important molecule that can potentiate inflammatory responses, the second aim of the study was to investigate if Tregs, including Foxp3+ Tregs and IL-10 producing Tr1 cells, can regulate ATP induced inflammasome activation and IL-1β production. I found that Tr1 cells inhibited the production of Il1b mRNA, inflammasome-mediated activation of caspase-1, and secretion of mature IL-1β, in an IL-10 dependent manner. Surprisingly, Foxp3+ Tregs, despite the production of IL-10, failed to inhibit IL-1β production. The important role of IL-10 in regulating inflammasome activation was further illustrated in the monosodium urate induced peritonitis model, where IL-10R-deficient mice had an increased influx of peritoneal neutrophils compared to wild type mice. Moreover, IL-1β production from macrophages derived from Nlrp3A350V knock-in mice, which carry a mutation found in cryopyrin associated periodic syndrome patients, was suppressed by Tr1 cells, but not Foxp3+ Tregs. Using an adoptive transfer model, I found Tr1 cells can protect against weight loss in mice expressing a gain-of-function mutation in NLRP3. Collectively, these data demonstrated the complex regulation of host response to cellular stress signal ATP, and that IL-10 producing Tr1 cells may have unique therapeutic effects in controlling ATP-mediated inflammasome activation via IL-10-mediated suppression.
Generalizations of the Kolmogorov-Barzdin embedding estimates
Creators: name: Gromov, Misha
name: Guth, Larry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C23

description: We consider several ways to measure the `geometric complexity' of an embedding from a simplicial complex into Euclidean space. One of these is a version of `thickness', based on a paper of Kolmogorov and Barzdin. We prove inequalities relating the thickness and the number of simplices in the simplicial complex, generalizing an estimate that Kolmogorov and Barzdin proved for graphs. We also consider the distortion of knots. We give an alternate proof of a theorem of Pardon that there are isotopy classes of knots requiring arbitrarily large distortion. This proof is based on the expander-like properties of arithmetic hyperbolic manifolds.
description: 45 pages
Negative Power Spectra in Quantum Field Theory
Creators: name: Hsiang, Jen-Tsung
name: Wu, Chun-Hsien
name: Ford, L. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the spatial power spectra associated with fluctuations of quadratic operators in field theory, such as quantum stress tensor components. We show that the power spectrum can be negative, in contrast to most fluctuation phenomena where the Wiener-Khinchine theorem requires a positive power spectrum. We show why the usual argument for positivity fails in this case, and discuss the physical interpretation of negative power spectra. Possible applications to cosmology are discussed.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure
Scaling Deep Learning Computation over the Inter-Core Connected Intelligence Processor with T10
Creators: name: Liu, Yiqi
name: Xue, Yuqi
name: Cheng, Yu
name: Ma, Lingxiao
name: Miao, Ziming
name: Xue, Jilong
name: Huang, Jian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: As AI chips incorporate numerous parallelized cores to scale deep learning (DL) computing, inter-core communication is enabled recently by employing high-bandwidth and low-latency interconnect links on the chip (e.g., Graphcore IPU). It allows each core to directly access the fast scratchpad memory in other cores, which enables new parallel computing paradigms. However, without proper support for the scalable inter-core connections in current DL compilers, it is hard for developers to exploit the benefits of this new architecture.
 We present T10, the first DL compiler to exploit the inter-core communication bandwidth and distributed on-chip memory on AI chips. To formulate the computation and communication patterns of tensor operators in this new architecture, T10 introduces a distributed tensor abstraction rTensor. T10 maps a DNN model to execution plans with a generalized compute-shift pattern, by partitioning DNN computation into sub-operators and mapping them to cores, so that the cores can exchange data following predictable patterns. T10 makes globally optimized trade-offs between on-chip memory consumption and inter-core communication overhead, selects the best execution plan from a vast optimization space, and alleviates unnecessary inter-core communications. Our evaluation with a real inter-core connected AI chip, the Graphcore IPU, shows up to 3.3$\times$ performance improvement, and scalability support for larger models, compared to state-of-the-art DL compilers and vendor libraries.
description: This paper is accepted at The 30th ACM Symposium on Operating Systems Principles (SOSP'24)
The evolution of quiescent galaxies at high redshift (z > 1.4)
Creators: name: Sánchez, H. Domínguez
name: Pozzi, F.
name: Gruppioni, C.
name: Cimatti, A.
name: Ilbert, O.
name: Pozzetti, L.
name: McCracken, H.
name: Capak, P.
name: Floch, E. Le
name: Salvato, M.
name: Zamorani, G.
name: Carollo, C. M.
name: Contini, T.
name: Kneib, J. P.
name: Févre, O. Le
name: Lilly, S. J.
name: Mainieri, V.
name: Renzini, A.
name: Scodeggio, M.
name: Bardelli, S.
name: Bolzonella, M.
name: Bongiorno, A.
name: Caputi, K.
name: Coppa, G.
name: Cucciati, O.
name: de la Torre, S.
name: de Ravel, L.
name: Franzetti, P.
name: Garilli, B.
name: Iovino, A.
name: Kampczyk, P.
name: Knobel, C.
name: Kovac, K.
name: Lamareille, F.
name: Borgne, J. F. Le
name: Brun, V. Le
name: Maier, C.
name: Mignoli, M.
name: Pelló, R.
name: Peng, Y.
name: Pérez-Montero, E.
name: Ricciardelli, E.
name: Silverman, J. D.
name: Tanaka, M.
name: Tasca, L. A. M.
name: Tresse, L.
name: Vergani, D.
name: Zucca, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have studied the evolution of high redshift quiescent galaxies over an effective area of ~1.7 deg^2 in the COSMOS field. Galaxies have been divided according to their star-formation activity and the evolution of the different populations has been investigated in detail. We have studied an IRAC (mag_3.6 < 22.0) selected sample of ~18000 galaxies at z > 1.4 with multi-wavelength coverage. We have derived accurate photometric redshifts (sigma=0.06) and other important physical parameters through a SED-fitting procedure. We have divided our sample into actively star-forming, intermediate and quiescent galaxies depending on their specific star formation rate. We have computed the galaxy stellar mass function of the total sample and the different populations at z=1.4-3.0. We have studied the properties of high redshift quiescent galaxies finding that they are old (1-4 Gyr), massive (log(M/M_sun)~10.65), weakly star forming stellar populations with low dust extinction (E(B-V) < 0.15) and small e-folding time scales (tau ~ 0.1-0.3 Gyr). We observe a significant evolution of the quiescent stellar mass function from 2.5 < z < 3.0 to 1.4 < z < 1.6, increasing by ~ 1 dex in this redshift interval. We find that z ~ 1.5 is an epoch of transition of the GSMF. The fraction of star-forming galaxies decreases from 60% to 20% from z ~ 2.5-3.0 to z ~ 1.4-1.6 for log(M/M_sun) > 11, while the quiescent population increases from 10% to 50% at the same redshift and mass intervals. We compare the fraction of quiescent galaxies derived with that predicted by theoretical models and find that the Kitzbichler & White (2007) model is the one that better reproduces the data. Finally, we calculate the stellar mass density of the star-forming and quiescent populations finding that there is already a significant number of quiescent galaxies at z > 2.5 (rho~6.0 MsunMpc^-3).
description: 17 pages, 20 figures, 5 tables. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Method to circumvent the neutron gas problem in the BCS treatment for nuclei far from stability
Creators: name: Ono, Toshiya
name: Shimizu, Yoshifumi R.
name: Tajima, Naoki
name: Takahara, Satoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Extending the Kruppa's prescription for the continuum level density, we have recently improved the BCS method with seniority-type pairing force in such a way that the effects of discretized unbound states are properly taken into account for finite depth single-particle potentials. In this paper, it is further shown, by employing the Woods-Saxon potential, that the calculation of spatial observables like nuclear radius converges as increasing the basis size in the harmonic oscillator expansion. Namely the disastrous problem of a "particle gas" surrounding nucleus in the BCS treatment can be circumvented. In spite of its simplicity, the new treatment gives similar results to those by more elaborate Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov calculations; e.g., it even mimics the pairing anti-halo effect. The obtained results as well as the reason of convergence in the new method are investigated by a variant of the Thomas-Fermi approximation within the limited phase space which corresponds to the harmonic oscillator basis truncation.
description: 23 pages, 8 figures
Circumplanetary disk ices II. Composition
Creators: name: Oberg, Nickolas
name: Cazaux, Stephanie
name: Kamp, Inga
name: Bründl, Tara-Marie
name: Thi, Wing-Fai
name: Immerzeel, Carmen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The subsurface oceans of icy satellites are among the most compelling among the potentially habitable environments in our Solar System. The question of whether a liquid subsurface layer can be maintained over geological timescales depends on its chemical composition. The composition of icy satellites is linked to that of the circumplanetary disk (CPD) in which they form. The CPD accretes material from the surrounding circumstellar disk in the vicinity of the planet, however, the degree of chemical inheritance is unclear. We aim to investigate the composition of ices in chemically reset or inherited circumplanetary disks to inform interior modeling and the interpretation of in situ measurements of icy solar system satellites, with an emphasis on the Galilean moon system. We used a radiation-thermochemical code to produce circumplanetary disk models and extract the ice composition from time-dependent chemistry, incorporating gas-phase and grain-surface reactions. The initial sublimation of ices during accretion may result in a CO2-rich ice composition. Sublimated ammonia ice is destroyed by background radiation while drifting towards the CPD midplane. Liberated nitrogen becomes locked in N2 due to efficient self-shielding, leaving ices depleted of ammonia. A significant ammonia ice component remains only when ices are inherited from the circumstellar disk. The observed composition of the Galilean moons is consistent with the sublimation of ices during accretion onto the CPD. In this scenario, the Galilean moon ices are nitrogen-poor and CO2 on Callisto is endogenous and primordial. The ice composition is significantly altered after an initial reset of accreted circumstellar ice. The chemical history of the Galilean moons stands in contrast to the Saturnian system, where the composition of the moons corresponds more closely with the directly inherited circumstellar disk material.
description: 15 pages, 11 figures
Monitoring of the polarized $H_{2}O$ maser emission around the massive protostars W75N(B)-VLA1 and W75N(B)-VLA2
Creators: name: Surcis, G.
name: Vlemmings, W. H. T.
name: Goddi, C.
name: Torrelles, J. M.
name: Gómez, J. F.
name: Rodríguez-Kamenetzky, A.
name: Carrasco-González, C.
name: Curiel, S.
name: Kim, S. -W.
name: Kim, J. -S.
name: van Langevelde, H. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Several radio sources have been detected in the HMSFR W75N(B), among them the massive YSOs VLA1 and VLA2 are of great interest. These are thought to be in different evolutionary stages. In particular, VLA1 is at the early stage of the photoionization and it is driving a thermal radio jet, while VLA2 is a thermal, collimated ionized wind surrounded by a dusty disk or envelope. In both sources 22 GHz water masers have been detected in the past. Those around VLA1 show a persistent distribution along the radio jet and those around VLA2 have instead traced the evolution from a non-collimated to a collimated outflow over a period of 20 years. By monitoring the polarized emission of the water masers around both VLA1 and VLA2 over a period of 6 years, we aim to determine whether the maser distributions show any variation over time and whether the magnetic field behaves accordingly. The EVN was used in full polarization and phase-reference mode to measure the absolute positions of the masers and to determine both the orientation and the strength of the magnetic field. We observed four epochs separated by two years from 2014 to 2020. We detected polarized emission from the water masers around both the YSOs in all the epochs. We find that the masers around VLA1 are tracing a nondissociative shock originating from the expansion of the thermal radio jet, while the masers around VLA2 are tracing an asymmetric expansion of the gas that is halted in the northeast where the gas likely encounters a very dense medium. We also found that the magnetic field inferred from the water masers in each epoch can be considered as a portion of a quasi-static magnetic field estimated in that location rather than in that time. This allowed us to study locally the morphology of the magnetic field around both YSOs in a larger area by considering the vectors estimated in all the epochs as a whole.
description: 32 pages, 15 figures, 17 tables, accepted by Astronomy & Astrophysics
The art of becoming : performance, temporality, and the composition of the filmic body in contemporary cinema
Creators: name: Brooks, Andrea Katherine
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: Film performances have long served as a point of contention in Film Studies. The elusive nature of the art form is often overlooked, and consequently approached via history, star studies, or in reducing a performance to the mise-en-scène. The aim of this thesis is to theoretically root film performances by deviating from classical performance analysis, and focusing on the abstract qualities that demarcate the practice of becoming other. To do this, I turn to the works of Gilles Deleuze (and Félix Guattari) when confronting the unique relationship between the actor’s frame and process to suggest that film performances are necessarily informed by the body and time. The film body is a doubled body, belonging to both actor and character. It serves as an aesthetic platform for the medium, and a technical substructure that maintains artistic cohesion. In investigating this interaction across cinema’s fractured temporality, we can address not only the implications of the film actor’s art, but art more generally. In What is Philosophy? Deleuze and Guattari argue that “composition is the sole definition of art,” and “what is not composed is not a work of art” (1994 191). Not only are film performances composed for the sake of the medium, they are bound by their own compositional structure. This calls for a negotiation between the materiality of a physical body and the potentiality of a screen body that embodies otherness. In this project, I emphasize the film body’s ability to house and negotiate Deleuze and Guattari’s technical and aesthetic planes of composition. In doing this, the film body navigates the before and the after, the self and the other, and the interior and surface throughout the duration of a performance. With the increasingly popular wave of body-centered cinema emerging post-twentieth century, we can draw explicit parallels between the performative process and the physical conditioning endured prior to shooting – particularly in portrayals of pain, suffering, and emaciation. In navigating this compositional interplay, I seek to illustrate how the art of the actor is not so much dictated by the character she becomes, but rather, by the process of becoming.
Yearly and seasonal variations of low albedo surfaces on Mars in the OMEGA/MEx dataset: Constraints on aerosols properties and dust deposits
Creators: name: Vincendon, Mathieu
name: Langevin, Yves
name: Poulet, François
name: Pommerol, Antoine
name: Wolff, Michael
name: Bibring, Jean-Pierre
name: Gondet, Brigitte
name: Jouglet, Denis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The time variations of spectral properties of dark martian surface features are investigated using the OMEGA near-IR dataset. The analyzed period covers two Mars years, spanning from early 2004 to early 2008 (includes the 2007 global dust event). Radiative transfer modeling indicates that the apparent albedo variations of low to mid-latitude dark regions are consistent with those produced by the varying optical depth of atmospheric dust as measured simultaneously from the ground by the Mars Exploration Rovers. We observe only a few significant albedo changes that can be attributed to surface phenomena. They are small-scaled and located at the boundaries between bright and dark regions. We then investigate the variations of the mean particle size of aerosols using the evolution of the observed dark region spectra between 1 and 2.5 μm. Overall, we find that the observed changes in the spectral slope are consistent with a mean particle size of aerosols varying with time between 1 and 2 μm. Observations with different solar zenith angles make it possible to characterize the aerosol layer at different altitudes, revealing a decrease of the particle size of aerosols as altitude increases.
title: Restoring the ‘Lived space of the body’: Attunement in Critical Making
Creators: name: FitzPatrick, Jessica
name: Cameron, Kelsey
Publisher: name: Electronic Book Review
Year: 2021

description: In this article, Kelsey Cameron and Jessica FitzPatrick propose attunement, a conceptual intervention that returns lived experience to critical making. They argue for attunement in three areas: disciplinary recognition of making, labs and other university maker spaces, and campus-community engagement. Attunement helps bring equity into critical making, highlighting how larger systems shape individual acts of making.
The Inner Halo of M87: A First Direct View of the Red-Giant Population
Creators: name: Bird, Sarah
name: Harris, William E.
name: Blakeslee, John P.
name: Flynn, Chris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An unusually deep (V,I) imaging dataset for the Virgo supergiant M87 with the Hubble Space Telescope ACS successfully resolves its brightest red-giant stars, reaching M_I(lim) = -2.5. After assessing the photometric completeness and biasses, we use this material to estimate the metallicity distribution for the inner halo of M87, finding that the distribution is very broad and likely to peak near [m/H] ~ -0.4 and perhaps higher. The shape of the MDF strongly resembles that of the inner halo for the nearby giant E galaxy NGC 5128. As a byproduct of our study, we also obtain a preliminary measurement of the distance to M87 with the TRGB (red-giant branch tip) method; the result is (m-M)_0 = 31.12 +- 0.14 (d = 16.7 +- 0.9 Mpc). Averaging this result with three other recent techniques give a weighted mean d(M87) = (16.4 +- 0.5) Mpc.
description: In press for Astronomy and Astrophysics
Walking hand-in-hand with two cultures : narrative accounts of long-term, bicultural Asian immigrant adults
Creators: name: Sasaki, Ayumi
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: Research literature on cultural adjustment has generally shown that immigrants who integrated both home and host cultures have the most favourable outcomes relative to those who have avoided interacting with either or both of the cultures. Yet, cultural integration may occur in many different ways, and the literature is scant in examining how individuals integrate the two cultures over time. This study focuses on long-term immigrants (five males and one female; total n=6) from East and Southeast Asian countries, who transitioned to Canada as adults and subsequently integrated their heritage and receiving culture over the course of 10 years or longer. The research question explored for this research was: how do long-term, bicultural immigrants narrate the process of integrating the two cultures (i.e., their culture of origin and the receiving culture)? This qualitative research aimed to address the gap in the literature using narrative inquiry and thematic content analysis to study how individuals personally made sense of living in and integrating the two cultures. The following five themes emerged: (a) building cultural knowledge, (b) distance from heritage culture and lifestyle, (c) incorporating multiple cultures into own world, (d) application of cultural competency, and (e) developing a personal balance of the cultures. The research results revealed the complexity of achieving and maintaining a balanced cultural integration, and seemed to suggest important directions for future cross-cultural research. Limitations of the current study as well as theoretical, clinical, and methodological implications were discussed.
When taking a step back is a veritable leap forward. Reversing decades of arthroscopy for managing joint pain: Five reasons that could explain declining rates of common arthroscopic surgeries
Creators: name: Ardern, Clare
name: Paatela, T
name: Mattila, V
name: Taimela, S
name: Järvinen, TLN
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 3202
subject: Clinical sciences

description: No description supplied
The Cultural Brain Hypothesis and the transmission and evolution of culture
Creators: name: Muthukrishna, Michael
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: Humans are an undeniably remarkable species with massive brains, amazing technology, and large, well-connected social networks. The co-occurrence of these traits is no accident. Here, I introduce the Cultural Brain Hypothesis and Cumulative Cultural Brain Hypothesis. The Cultural Brain Hypothesis is a single theory that explains the increase in brain size across many taxa. In doing so, it makes predictions about the relationships between brain size, adaptive knowledge, group size, social learning, and the length of the juvenile period. These predictions are consistent with existing empirical literature, tying together these otherwise disparate measured relationships. The Cumulative Cultural Brain Hypothesis makes predictions about the conditions under which these processes lead to a positive feedback loop between brain size and adaptive knowledge, ratchetting both upward in a co-evolutionary duet. I argue that these conditions, which include a rich environment, low reproductive skew, and high transmission fidelity, are the key to the uniquely human pathway, explaining our large brains and various aspects of our psychology that led to and sustain those large brains. The predictions of these two hypotheses are consistent with other theories within a Dual Inheritance Theory framework – the idea that natural selection led our species to develop a line of cultural inheritance in addition to the line of genetic inheritance shared by all species on Earth. I test many of these theories against competing theories across 4 experiments with human subjects. These experiments include cultural transmission experiments, which support a causal relationship between sociality and cultural complexity, and two social learning experiments, which test the environmental and individual predictors of biased social learning. The overall findings support Dual Inheritance Theory and the Cumulative Cultural Brain Hypothesis. Finally, I lay the groundwork for improving the way in which these theories account for human social structures by proposing a theory to help explain the social structures unique to our species. I then demonstrate the utility of this model by using it to make predictions about the implications of population-level differences in personality and social influence for the transmission and evolution of culture.