cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Accretion Disc Winds in Tidal Disruption Events: Ultraviolet Spectral Lines as Orientation Indicators
Creators: name: Parkinson, Edward J.
name: Knigge, Christian
name: Long, Knox S.
name: Matthews, James H.
name: Higginbottom, Nick
name: Sim, Stuart A.
name: Hewitt, Henrietta A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Some tidal disruption events (TDEs) exhibit blueshifted broad absorption lines (BALs) in their rest-frame ultraviolet (UV) spectra, while others display broad emission lines (BELs). Similar phenomenology is observed in quasars and accreting white dwarfs, where it can be interpreted as an orientation effect associated with line formation in an accretion disc wind.We propose and explore a similar unification scheme for TDEs. We present synthetic UV spectra for disc and wind-hosting TDEs, produced by a state-of-the-art Monte Carlo ionization and radiative transfer code. Our models cover a wide range of disc wind geometries and kinematics. Such winds naturally reproduce both BALs and BELs. In general, sight lines looking into the wind cone preferentially produce BALs, while other orientations preferentially produce BELs. We also study the effect of wind clumping and CNO-processed abundances on the observed spectra. Clumpy winds tend to produce stronger UV emission and absorption lines, because clumping increases both the emission measure and the abundances of the relevant ionic species, the latter by reducing the ionization state of the outflow. The main effect of adopting CNO-processed abundances is a weakening of C~{\sc iv}~1550~Å~ and an enhancement of N \textsc{v}~1240~Å~ in the spectra. We conclude that line formation in an accretion disc wind is a promising mechanism for explaining the diverse UV spectra of TDEs. If this is correct, the relative number of BAL and BEL TDEs can be used to estimate the covering factor of the outflow. The models in this work are publicly available online and upon request.
description: 16 pages, 9 figures
Properties of the triplet metastable states of the alkaline-earth atoms
Creators: name: Mitroy, J.
name: Bromley, M. W. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The static and dynamic properties of the alkaline-earth atoms in their metastable state are computed in a configuration interaction approach with a semi-empirical model potential for the core. Among the properties determined are the scalar and tensor polarizabilities, the quadrupole moment, some of the oscillator strengths and the dispersion coefficients of the van der Waals interaction. A simple method for including the effect of the core on the dispersion parameters is described.
description: 19 pages, in press PRA
Abstract algebra, projective geometry and time encoding of quantum information
Creators: name: Planat, Michel R. P.
name: Saniga, Metod
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Algebraic geometrical concepts are playing an increasing role in quantum applications such as coding, cryptography, tomography and computing. We point out here the prominent role played by Galois fields viewed as cyclotomic extensions of the integers modulo a prime characteristic $p$. They can be used to generate efficient cyclic encoding, for transmitting secrete quantum keys, for quantum state recovery and for error correction in quantum computing. Finite projective planes and their generalization are the geometric counterpart to cyclotomic concepts, their coordinatization involves Galois fields, and they have been used repetitively for enciphering and coding. Finally the characters over Galois fields are fundamental for generating complete sets of mutually unbiased bases, a generic concept of quantum information processing and quantum entanglement. Gauss sums over Galois fields ensure minimum uncertainty under such protocols. Some Galois rings which are cyclotomic extensions of the integers modulo 4 are also becoming fashionable for their role in time encoding and mutual unbiasedness.
description: To appear in R. Buccheri, A.C. Elitzur and M. Saniga (eds.), "Endophysics, Time, Quantum and the Subjective," World Scientific, Singapore. 16 pages
Predicting Job-Hopping Motive of Candidates Using Answers to Open-ended Interview Questions
Creators: name: Jayaratne, Madhura
name: Jayatilleke, Buddhi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A significant proportion of voluntary employee turnover includes people who frequently move from job to job, known as job-hopping. Our work shows that language used in responding to interview questions on past behaviour and situational judgement is predictive of job-hopping motive as measured by the Job-Hopping Motives (JHM) Scale. The study is based on responses from over 45,000 job applicants who completed an online chat interview and self-rated themselves on JHM Scale. Five different methods of text representation were evaluated, namely four open-vocabulary approaches (TF-IDF, LDA, Glove word embeddings and Doc2Vec document embeddings) and one closed-vocabulary approach (LIWC). The Glove embeddings provided the best results with a correlation of r = 0.35 between sequences of words used and the JHM Scale. Further analysis also showed a correlation of r = 0.25 between language-based job-hopping motive and the personality trait Openness to experience and a correlation of r = -0.09 with the trait Agreeableness.
description: JCSS version
Unconditional finite amplitude stability of a viscoelastic fluid in a mechanically isolated vessel with spatially non-uniform wall temperature
Creators: name: Dostalík, Mark
name: Průša, Vít
name: Stein, Judith
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 76A10 (Primary) 35Q35, 35B35, 37L15 (Secondary)

description: We investigate finite amplitude stability of spatially inhomogeneous steady state of an incompressible viscoelastic fluid which occupies a mechanically isolated vessel with walls kept at spatially non-uniform temperature. For a wide class of incompressible viscoelastic models including the Oldroyd-B model, the Giesekus model, the FENE-P model, the Johnson--Segalman model, and the Phan--Thien--Tanner model we prove that the steady state is stable subject to any finite perturbation.
description: This work extends our previous work "Unconditional finite amplitude stability of a fluid in a mechanically isolated vessel with spatially non-uniform wall temperature" (arXiv:1905.09394) to the case of viscoelastic rate-type fluids
Extinction radial profiles of M83 from GALEX UV imaging
Creators: name: Boissier, S.
name: de Paz, A. Gil
name: Madore, B. F.
name: Boselli, A.
name: Buat, V.
name: Burgarella, D.
name: Friedman, P. G.
name: Barlow, T. A.
name: Bianchi, L.
name: Byun, Y. -I.
name: Donas, J.
name: Forster, K.
name: Heckman, T. M.
name: Jelinsky, P. N.
name: Lee, Y. -W.
name: Malina, R. F.
name: Martin, D. C.
name: Milliard, B.
name: Morrissey, P.
name: Neff, S. G.
name: Rich, R. M.
name: Schiminovich, D.
name: Siegmund, O. H. W.
name: Small, T.
name: Szalay, A. S.
name: Welsh, Barry Y.
name: Wyder, T. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the far-UV (FUV) and near-UV (NUV) images of M83 obtained by GALEX to compute the radial profile of the UV spectral slope in the star forming disk. We briefly present a model of its chemical evolution which allows us to obtain realistic intrinsic properties of the stellar populations. Using corollary data, we also compute the profiles of H-alpha/H-beta and of the total IR (TIR) to FUV ratio. Both data and model are used to estimate and compare the extinction gradients at the FUV wavelength obtained from these various indicators. We discuss the implications for the determination of the star formation rate.
description: This paper will be published as part of the Galaxy Evolution Explorer (GALEX) Astrophysical Journal Letters Special Issue. Links to the full set of papers will be available at http://www.galex.caltech.edu/PUBLICATIONS/ after November 22, 2004. A high resolution version of figure 1 is available at http://www.ociw.edu/~boissier/M83/fig1.ps
Вплив смарт-технологій на економічний розвиток та підвищення енергоефективності національної економіки
Creators: name: Паласевич, Микола Богданович
name: Савка, Олександр В'ячеславович
name: Лепак, Тарас Андрійович
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: розумні технології, енергоефективність, розумні мережі, великі дані, відновлювана енергетика, економічний потенціал, сталий розвиток

description: Стаття присвячена дослідженню економічного потенціалу смарт-технологій у підвищенні енергоефективності національної економіки. У ній розглядаються основні аспекти впровадження смарт-технологій, пов’язані із смарт-мережами, розумними лічильниками, системами управління попитом, накопичення енергії, Інтернет речами (IoT), штучним інтелектом (AI) та великими даними (Big Data). Автори аналізують переваги та виклики, пов'язані з використанням цих технологій для оптимізації процесів виробництва, розподілу та споживання енергії. Особлива увага приділяється аналізу світового досвіду та інвестиційних проектів у сфері цифровізації енергетичних систем, що сприяє підвищенню енергоефективності та зниженню витрат. У статті також висвітлюються екологічні та економічні переваги використання смарт-технологій, а також їх роль у забезпеченні сталого розвитку та підвищенні конкурентоспроможності національної економіки. Показано, що незважаючи на те, що Україна знаходиться на початкових етапах впровадження цих технологій, існуючі проекти та ініціативи демонструють великий потенціал для подальшого розвитку.
Experimental Data from a Quantum Computer Verifies the Generalized Pauli Exclusion Principle
Creators: name: Smart, Scott E.
name: Schuster, David I.
name: Mazziotti, David A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: "What are the consequences ... that Fermi particles cannot get into the same state ... " R. P. Feynman wrote of the Pauli exclusion principle, "In fact, almost all the peculiarities of the material world hinge on this wonderful fact." In 1972 Borland and Dennis showed that there exist powerful constraints beyond the Pauli exclusion principle on the orbital occupations of Fermi particles, providing important restrictions on quantum correlation and entanglement. Here we use computations on quantum computers to experimentally verify the existence of these additional constraints. Quantum many-fermion states are randomly prepared on the quantum computer and tested for constraint violations. Measurements show no violation and confirm the generalized Pauli exclusion principle with an error of one part in one quintillion.
Energy spectra of developed superfluid turbulence
Creators: name: L'vov, Victor S.
name: Nazarenko, Sergey V.
name: Volovik, Grigory E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spectrum of turbulence in superfluid liquid is modified by the nonlinear energy dissipation caused by the mutual friction between quantized vortices and the normal component of the liquid. In some region of two Reynolds parameters characterizing the flow of a superfluid, we found the new state of the fully developed turbulence. This state displays both the Kolmogorov-Obukhov 5/3-scaling law $E_k \propto k^{-5/3}$ and the new "3-scaling law" $E_k \propto k^{-3}$, each in a well separated range of $k$.
description: 5 pages, to be published: JETP Letters v. 80, Issue 7 Oct. 10 (2004)
$K^+Λ$ photoproduction at forward angles and low momentum transfer
Creators: name: Alef, S.
name: Bauer, P.
name: Bayadilov, D.
name: Beck, R.
name: Bella, A.
name: Bieling, J.
name: Braghieri, A.
name: Cole, P. L.
name: Elsner, D.
name: Di Salvo, R.
name: Fantini, A.
name: Freyermuth, O.
name: Frommberger, F.
name: Ghio, F.
name: Goertz, S.
name: Gridnev, A.
name: Hammann, D.
name: Hannappel, J.
name: Jude, T. C.
name: Kohl, K.
name: Kozlenko, N.
name: Sandri, A. Lapik P. Levi
name: Lisin, V.
name: Mandaglio, G.
name: Messi, F.
name: Messi, R.
name: Moricciani, D.
name: Nedorezov, V.
name: Nikonov, V. A
name: Novinskiy, D.
name: Pedroni, P.
name: Polonskiy, A.
name: Reitz, B. -E.
name: Romaniuk, M.
name: Sarantsev, A. V
name: Scheluchin, G.
name: Schmieden, H.
name: Stuglev, A.
name: Sumachev, V.
name: Vegna, V.
name: Tarakanov, V.
name: Zimmermann, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: $γp \rightarrow K^+ Λ$ differential cross sections and recoil polarisation data from threshold for extremely forward angles are presented. The measurements were performed at the BGOOD experiment at ELSA, utilising the high angular and momentum resolution forward spectrometer for charged particle identification. The data discriminates between conflicting results in the world data set and enable extraction of the cross section as the minimum momentum transfer to the recoiling hyperon is approached.
description: 12 pages (including a 2 page appendix), 14 figures
The Next Generation: A New Approach to Explain Migration
Creators: name: Salas Garcia, Vania Bitia
name: Findeis, Jill L.
name: Salas Garcia, Vania Bitia
name: Findeis, Jill L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development

description: Replaced with revised version of paper 07/22/11.
What Are the Economic Welfare Effects of Local Food Marketing? Exploring Impacts with the Case of Colorado Apples
Creators: name: Hu, Wenjing
name: Onozaka, Yuko
name: Thilmany, Dawn D.
name: Hu, Wenjing
name: Onozaka, Yuko
name: Thilmany, Dawn D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Industrial Organization
subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: local food marketing
subject: marketing channel
subject: market segmentation
subject: equilibrium displacement model

description: This paper explores the welfare changes as a result of changes in prices and quantities of Colorado labeled apples relative to domestically produced apples, using equilibrium displacement model with two-regions: Colorado State and the rest of the United States. The results showed that in the short run producers would lose $300, while in the long run producers would increase supply to capture $263,000 in increased surplus.
In vitro biological evaluation of half-sandwich platinum-group metal complexes containing benzothiazole moiety
Creators: name: Lathewdeipor Shadap
name: Venkanna Banothu
name: Pinder, Emma
name: Phillips, Roger M.
name: Kaminsky, Werner
name: Kollipara, Mohan Rao
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer

description: Ligands containing benzothiazole moiety upon reaction with arene platinum group metal precursors in dry methanol yielded cationic complexes 1–9 having N∩N bonding mode. The general formulation of the complexes is presented as [(arene)M(κ2N∩N-L)Cl]+, where L = L1, L2 and L3, M = Ru, Rh and Ir, and arene = p-cymene and pentamethylcyclopentadiene (Cp*). All these complexes were characterized by various spectroscopic techniques and were found to be air-stable. The biological activity studies of these complexes and ligands such as antibacterial and cytotoxicity studies showed that complexes 5, 6 and 9 have the highest antibacterial activity and ligand L1 has the highest cytotoxicity activity.
Exchange interaction effects in the thermodynamic properties of quantum dots
Creators: name: da Silva, Luis G. Dias
name: Studart, Nelson
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study electron-electron interaction effects in the thermodynamic properties of quantum-dot systems. We obtain the direct and exchange contributions to the specific heat C_v in the self-consistent Hartree-Fock approximation at finite temperatures. An exchange-induced phase transition is observed and the transition temperature is shown to be inversely proportional to the size of the system. The exchange contribution to C_v dominates over the direct and kinetic contributions in the intermediate regime of interaction strength (r_s ~ 1). Furthermore, the electron-electron interaction modifies both the amplitude and the period of magnetic field induced oscillations in C_v.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures; To appear in Phys. Rev. B
Entanglement Rearrangement in Self-Consistent Nuclear Structure Calculations
Creators: name: Robin, Caroline
name: Savage, Martin J.
name: Pillet, Nathalie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Entanglement properties of $^4$He and $^6$He are investigated using nuclear many-body calculations, specifically the single-nucleon entanglement entropy, and the two-nucleon mutual information and negativity. Nuclear wavefunctions are obtained by performing active-space no-core configuration-interaction calculations using a two-body nucleon-nucleon interaction derived from chiral effective field theory. Entanglement measures within single-particle bases, the harmonic oscillator (HO), Hartree-Fock (HF), natural (NAT) and variational natural (VNAT) bases, are found to exhibit different degrees of complexity. Entanglement in both nuclei is found to be more localized within NAT and VNAT bases than within a HO basis for the optimal HO parameters, and, as anticipated, a core-valence (tensor product) structure emerges from the full six-body calculation of $^{6}$He. The two-nucleon mutual information shows that the VNAT basis, which typically exhibits good convergence properties, effectively decouples the active and inactive spaces. We conclude that measures of one- and two-nucleon entanglement are useful in analyzing the structure of nuclear wave functions, in particular the efficacy of basis states, and may provide useful metrics toward developing more efficient schemes for ab initio computations of the structure and reactions of nuclei, and quantum many-body systems more generally.
description: 18 pages, 10 figures, v2: accepted version
Multigrid for Chiral Lattice Fermions: Domain Wall
Creators: name: Brower, Richard C.
name: Clark, M. A.
name: Howarth, Dean
name: Weinberg, Evan S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Critical slowing down for the Krylov Dirac solver presents a major obstacle to further advances in lattice field theory as it approaches the continuum solution. We propose a new multi-grid approach for chiral fermions, applicable to both the 5-d domain wall or 4-d Overlap operator. The central idea is to directly coarsen the 4-d Wilson kernel, giving an effective domain wall or overlap operator on each level. We provide here an explicit construction for the Shamir domain wall formulation with numerical tests for the 2-d Schwinger prototype, demonstrating near ideal multi-grid scaling. The framework is designed for a natural extension to 4-d lattice QCD chiral fermions, such as the Möbius, Zolotarev or Borici domain wall discretizations or directly to a rational expansion of the 4-d Overlap operator. For the Shamir operator, the effective overlap operator is isolated by the use of a Pauli-Villars preconditioner in the spirit of the Kähler-Dirac spectral map used in a recent staggered MG algorithm [1].
description: 39 pages, 13 figures
Combining Supply and Demand Estimates for Ecosystem Services from Cropland
Creators: name: Ma, Shan
name: Swinton, Scott M.
name: Lupi, Frank
name: Ma, Shan
name: Swinton, Scott M.
name: Lupi, Frank
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Payment-for-Ecosystem-Services (PES)
subject: Contingent valuation
subject: Aggregate supply and demand
subject: Cropland
subject: Eutrophication
subject: Greenhouse gas

description: Payment-for-Ecosystem-Services (PES) programs are gaining appeal as flexible approaches to inducing the voluntary provision of ecosystem services (ES). Farmers, who manage agricultural ecosystems, provide important nonmarket ecosystem services to the public by their choice of production inputs and management practices. Although there exist various PES programs in the United States and Europe, we are aware of none that was designed based on a comprehensive understanding of the underlying supply and demand of ecosystem services. Taking advantage of unique, coupled datasets of stated preferences, this paper combines a supply-side cost function of farmers’ willingness to adopt practices that provide increased ES with a demand-side social benefit function of residents’ willingness to pay (WTP) for these ES. The result is an empirically based, welfare-maximizing price and quantity of ES that can inform the design of future PES programs.
Discovery of $β$ Cep pulsations in the eclipsing binary V453 Cygni
Creators: name: Southworth, J.
name: Bowman, D. M.
name: Tkachenko, A.
name: Pavlovski, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: V453 Cyg is an eclipsing binary containing 14 Msun and 11 Msun stars in an eccentric short-period orbit. We have discovered $β$ Cep-type pulsations in this system using TESS data. We identify seven significant pulsation frequencies, between 2.37 and 10.51 d$^{-1}$, in the primary star. These include six frequencies which are separated by yet significantly offset from harmonics of the orbital frequency, indicating they are tidally-perturbed modes. We have determined the physical properties of the system to high precision: V453 Cyg A is the first $β$ Cep pulsator with a precise mass measurement. The system is a vital tracer of the physical processes that govern the evolution of massive single and binary stars.
description: Accepted for publication as a Letter by MNRAS. 5 pages, 3 figures, 2 tables
910 metagenome-assembled genomes from the phytobiomes of three urban-farmed leafy Asian greens
Creators: name: Bandla, Aditya
name: Pavagadhi, Shruti
name: Ashwin Sudarshan
name: Hong, Miko Poh Chin
name: Swarup, Sanjay
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 60504 Microbial Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60503 Microbial Genetics

description: This fileset comprises data from Bandla et al. study where we assembled metagenomes from the phytobiomes of three urban farmed leafy Asian greens. Using the assembled metagenomes, we reconstructed nearly a thousand non-redundant MAGs spanning the bacterial and archaeal domains.
Enhancement of the $\barν_e$ flux from astrophysical sources by two photon annihilation interactions
Creators: name: Razzaque, Soebur
name: Meszaros, Peter
name: Waxman, Eli
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ratio of anti-electron to total neutrino flux, $Φ_{\barν_e}:Φ_ν$, expected from $pγ$ interactions in astrophysical sources is $\le1:15$. We point out that this ratio is enhanced by the decay of $μ^+μ^-$ pairs, created by the annihilation of secondary high energy photons from the decay of the neutral pions produced in $pγ$ interactions. We show that, under certain conditions, the $Φ_{\barν_e}:Φ_ν$ ratio may be significantly enhanced in gamma-ray burst (GRB) fireballs, and that detection at the Glashow resonance of $\barν_e$ in kilometer scale neutrino detectors may constrain GRB fireball model parameters, such as the magnetic field and energy dissipation radius.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, PRD accepted
US Seafood Exports and HACCP Regulatory System
Creators: name: Li, Xiaoqian
name: Saghaian, Sayed H.
name: Li, Xiaoqian
name: Saghaian, Sayed H.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: HACCP
subject: U.S. seafood exports

description: This study investigates how the implementation and standards harmonization of HACCP regulation affects U.S. seafood exporting based on the method of Gravity Model and Spatial Error model. The analysis includes top 32 countries that importing seafood from U.S. The results indicate that HACCP standards benefit U.S. seafood exporting in the long time period but do not have significant impact in the short term period. Moreover, the way of performance standards is better for HACCP implementation and standards harmony.
Can students apply the concept of "which-path" information learned in the context of Mach Zehnder Interferometer to the double-slit experiment?
Creators: name: Maries, Alexandru
name: Sayer, Ryan
name: Singh, Chandralekha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ability to use concepts learned in one context to solve problems in a different context (i.e., transfer of learning) is a hallmark of expertise in physics. The majority of the studies on transfer of learning in physics have focused on introductory students. However, compared to advanced students, introductory students have significantly less prior relevant knowledge and skills which may be crucial for promoting effective transfer. Here, we examine upper-level undergraduate and graduate students' ability to transfer their learning about the concept of "which-path" information and its relation to whether or not interference is observed from the context of the Mach Zehnder Interferometer (MZI) to a new context of the double-slit experiment (DSE). Students worked through a tutorial on the MZI in which they learned to use the concept of "which-path" information to reason about interference of single photons when polarizers with various orientations are placed in one or both paths of the MZI. After working on the MZI tutorial, students were asked similar questions in the isomorphic context of the DSE before any instruction about the DSE and we examined the extent to which transfer of learning about "which-path" information occurred from the MZI to the DSE context. We find evidence suggesting that positive transfer of learning from the MZI to the DSE occurred despite the lack of an instructional intervention designed to help students recognize the similarity between the two contexts. The effectiveness of the MZI tutorial in promoting positive transfer of learning from one context to another in quantum mechanics sheds light on the expertise of the advanced physics students. Instructors of advanced physics courses can take advantage of the findings presented here which shows the difference between introductory and advanced students' ability to transfer from one context to another.
description: 14 pages, 7 figures
Resonances and adiabatic invariance in classical and quantum scattering theory
Creators: name: Jain, Sudhir R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discover that the energy-integral of time-delay is an adiabatic invariant in quantum scattering theory and corresponds classically to the phase space volume. The integral thus found provides a quantization condition for resonances, explaining a series of results recently found in non-relativistic and relativistic regimes. Further, a connection between statistical quantities like quantal resonance-width and classical friction has been established with a classically deterministic quantity, the stability exponent of an adiabatically perturbed periodic orbit. This relation can be employed to estimate the rate of energy dissipation in finite quantum systems.
description: 8 pages
Marketable Surplus and Price-Spread for Maize in Hamirpur District of Himachal Pradesh
Creators: name: Chauhan, S.K.
name: Chhabra, Amit
name: Chauhan, S.K.
name: Chhabra, Amit
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy

description: A study has been conducted on the production, marketed surplus, disposal channels, margins and price-spread for maize cultivation in the Hamirpur district of Himachal Pradesh. A multi-stage stratified sampling technique has been used to select the sample of blocks (2), villages (10) and maize growers (120) for the year 2001-02. The study on factors affecting marketed surplus, and cost & margins in the marketing of maize has revealed that farm-level marketable surplus is comprised of 53.21 per cent of the total production. The practices of storing maize for sometime and selling at a later date for higher price have led to storage losses to the extent of 0.16 quintal (2.80% of marketable surplus). Much of the marketable surplus of maize (66.92%) was disposed of by a majority of farmers (74.56%) during the first quarter (October- December). Producer → Local trader → WS/ CA → Processor/ Consumer has been found as the main channel in the marketing of maize followed by about 71.93 per cent farmers, accounting for about 70 per cent of the produce. The producer’s share in consumer’s rupee has been estimated at 78.01 per cent in this channel.
Characterization of the glass transition in vitreous silica by temperature scanning small-angle X-ray scattering
Creators: name: Brüning, Ralf
name: Levelut, Claire
name: Faivre, Annelise
name: Parc, Rozenn Le
name: Simon, Jean-Paul
name: Bley, Françoise
name: Hazemann, Jean-Louis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The temperature dependence of the x-ray scattering in the region below the first sharp diffraction peak was measured for silica glasses with low and high OH content (GE-124 and Corning 7980). Data were obtained upon scanning the temperature at 10, 40 and 80 K/min between 400 K and 1820 K. The measurements resolve, for the first time, the hysteresis between heating and cooling through the glass transition for silica glass, and the data have a better signal to noise ratio than previous light scattering and differential thermal analysis data. For the glass with the higher hydroxyl concentration the glass transition is broader and at a lower temperature. Fits of the data to the Adam-Gibbs-Fulcher equation provide updated kinetic parameters for this very strong glass. The temperature derivative of the observed X-ray scattering matches that of light scattering to within 14%.
description: EurophysicsLetters, in press
Response to a comment on Dessert et al. "The dark matter interpretation of the 3.5 keV line is inconsistent with blank-sky observations"
Creators: name: Dessert, Christopher
name: Rodd, Nicholas L.
name: Safdi, Benjamin R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dark matter explanation of the 3.5 keV line is strongly disfavored by our work in Dessert et al. 2020. Boyarsky et al. 2020 questions that conclusion: modeling additional background lines is claimed to weaken the limit sufficiently to re-allow a dark matter interpretation. We respond as follows. 1) A more conservative limit is obtained by modeling additional lines; this point appeared in its entirety in our work in Dessert et al., though we also showed that the inclusion of such lines is not necessary. 2) Despite suggestions in Boyarsky et al., even the more conservative limits strongly disfavor a decaying dark matter origin of the 3.5 keV line.
description: 7 pages, 1 figure, response to technical comment solicited by Science. Version published in PDU. Full analysis available at https://github.com/bsafdi/BlankSkyfor3p5
Economic Analysis of Tissue-cultured Banana and Sucker-propagated Banana
Creators: name: Alagumani, T.
name: Alagumani, T.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy

description: An economic analysis of tissue-cultured banana (TCB) and sucker-propagated banana (SPB) has been presented through studying their costs and returns. The factors influencing the costs of their production have been identified and resource-use efficiency has been studied. The risks in cultivation of tissue-cultured banana have been highlighted. The study has been conducted in the Theni district of Tamil Nadu using personal interview method. Probit model has been employed to find out the factor influencing the adoption of tissue culture. The study has revealed that tissue-cultured banana is more profitable to farmers than sucker-propagated banana. The resources could be utilized efficiently in TCB. Gross income and bunch weight are the major factors influencing the adoption of TCB. Also, the risk is lower in TCB than in SPB. The study has suggested that farmers should be encouraged to adopt TCB to get higher yield and profits.
Productivity and Profitability in Rainfed Sericulture – A Study in the District of Chamaraja Nagar in Karnataka
Creators: name: Kumaresan, P.
name: Srinivasa, G.
name: Vijaya Prakash, N.B.
name: Kumaresan, P.
name: Srinivasa, G.
name: Vijaya Prakash, N.B.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy

description: The resources-use pattern and profitability of dry land sericultural operations have been analyzed. The study has been conducted with the information collected by interview method from randomly selected 67 rainfed-sericulture farmers in the Chamaraja Nagar district of Karnataka. It has been revealed that the cash inputs such as chemical fertilizers and disinfectant chemicals are used less than the recommended quantities, whereas labour is used in excess. The production function analysis has indicated that bullock power, human labour, quantum of feed and disinfectants are the important inputs which significantly influence cocoon production. As regards the allocative efficiency of resource-use, bullock power is being used efficiently. Leaf, fertilizer and disinfectants are used at sub-optimal levels. The labour is being used in an uneconomical manner. It has been suggested that intensified extension efforts would bear fruitful results in popularizing the improved rainfed sericulture practices.
An evaluation of a community IV program
Creators: name: Dixon, Beverly Lynn
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The purpose of this study was to evaluate selected outcomes for the Simon Fraser Health Region Community IV Therapy Program specifically in terms of changes in hospital stay and the frequency of safety concerns. The outcomes will provide information to the decision-makers and stakeholders about the effectiveness of the Program in providing safe care and maximizing access to hospital beds. A Program Logic Model was developed and then retrospectively applied as the Program framework. Two hypotheses examined in this pre-experimental pre-test, post-test design, tested changes in length of hospital stay for patients with osteomyelitis and cellulitis two years before the Program started (April 1, 1999 to March 31, 2000), to two years after the Program was operating (April 1, 2002 to March 31, 2003). Research questions focussed on: 1) readmission rates for patients with osteomyelitis and cellulitis; 2) readmission rates for patients in the Program during the two years of operation (April 1, 2000-March 31, 2003); 3) safety concerns for patients in the Program; and 4) whether an association could be seen between safety concerns and readmission rates. Total sampling was used to collect data from the Canadian Institute of Health Information databases, which resulted in 20 pre-test, and 13 post-test patients with osteomyelitis, and 60 pre-test and 74 posttest patients with cellulitis. The hypotheses were not supported. There was no difference in the discharge pattern for patients in the Program and for patients not in the Program, leaving a question about whether and where the patients who were not admitted into the Program received IV antibiotics. Readmissions within one month of discharge for patients with cellulitis rose from 3.4% in the pre-test year to 10.8% in the post-test year. Over one third of patients entered the Program from the community, thus avoiding a hospital admission. These patients were significantly younger than patients who stayed in hospital for their IV therapy, suggesting that there may be barriers for older patients entering the Program. The readmission rate for patients in the Program was vvdthin the community benchmark. While there were 23 documented concerns regarding patient safety, no patient required a readmission due to an incident. The Program is believed to be delivering safe care. The findings of the study were discussed and then limitations, conclusions, and implications for nursing practice, education, and administration were identified. Recommendations for further research were proposed.
Quantum-classical hybrid algorithm using an error-mitigating $N$-representability condition to compute the Mott metal-insulator transition
Creators: name: Smart, Scott E.
name: Mazziotti, David A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum algorithms for molecular electronic structure have been developed with lower computational scaling than their classical counterparts, but emerging quantum hardware is far from being capable of the coherence,connectivity and gate errors required for their experimental realization. Here we propose a class of quantum-classical hybrid algorithms that compute the energy from a two-electron reduced density matrix (2-RDM). The 2-RDM is constrained by $N$-representability conditions, conditions for representing an $N$-electron wavefunction, that mitigates noise from the quantum circuit. We compute the strongly correlated dissociation of doublet H$_{3}$ into three hydrogen atoms. The hybrid quantum-classical computer matches the energies from full configuration interaction to 0.1 kcal/mol, one-tenth of "chemical accuracy," even in the strongly correlated limit of dissociation. Furthermore, the spatial locality of the computed one-electron RDM reveals that the quantum computer accurately predicts the Mott metal-insulator transition.
An Economic Analysis of Land Reclamation Technologies for Amelioration of Irrigation-induced Soil Degradation
Creators: name: Chinnappa, B.
name: Chinnappa, B.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy

description: The economic feasibility of land reclamation technologies adopted by the farmers of Tungbhadra Command Area in Karnatka for amelioraion of irrigation-induced soil degradation has been studied. The data have been analysed using tabular method and partial budgeting method. It has been found that the available technologies are not being spread effectively among the affected farm households. Amongst different technologies followed by the farmers, adoption of leaching has been found least costly and could result in an incremental output of 14 quintals per hectare on saline soils of both head- and mid-regions. Green manuring has been observed to be another effective technology and could enhance crop yields on saline as well as waterlogged soils. Partial budgeting analysis has suggested that the technologies are viable irrespective of the farm size. Biological measures such as adoption of salt-resistant crop varieties can be profitable for small and marginal farmers. Instead of leaving their lands fallow due to their inability to adopt capital-intensive technologies, they should adopt them for land reclamation and higher returns.
Large Scale CO and [CI] emission in the rho Ophiuchi Molecular Cloud
Creators: name: Kulesa, Craig A.
name: Hungerford, Aimee L.
name: Walker, Christopher K.
name: Zhang, Xiaolei
name: Lane, Adair P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a comprehensive study of the rho Ophiuchi molecular cloud that addresses aspects of the physical structure and condition of the molecular cloud and its photodissociation region (PDR) by combining far-infrared and submillimeter-wave observations with a wide range of angular scale and resolution. We present 40'x40' maps in CO(4-3) and [CI](3P1-3P0) line emission from the Antarctic Submillimeter Telescope and Remote Observatory (AST/RO), and pointed observations in the CO(7-6) and [CI](3P2-3P1) lines. Within, smaller spectral line maps of the cloud in CO, CS, HCO+ and their rare isotopomers are made at the Heinrich Hertz Submillimeter Telescope Observatory (HHT) in Arizona. Comparison with far-infrared and submillimeter continuum emission, and near-infrared H2 emission allows clearer determination of the physical and chemical structure of the rho Oph photodissociation region (PDR). The excitation conditions needed to produce the observed HCO+ and [OI] emission directly imply inhomogeneous structure. Strong chemical gradients are observed in HCO+ and CS; the former is ascribed to a local enhancement in the H2 ionization rate, the latter is principally due to shocks. The distribution of [CI] is very similar to C18O, and generally consistent with illumination from the 'far' side of the cloud. A notable exception is found at the the western edge of the cloud, where UV photons create a PDR viewed `edge-on'. The abundance of atomic carbon is accurately modeled using a radiation field that decreases with increasing projected distance from the exciting star HD147889. In contrast to conclusions of other studies, we find that no non-equilibrium chemistry is needed to enhance the atomic carbon abundance.
description: 17 pages, 21 figures. To be published in the Astrophysical Journal. High resolution color version (PS, PDF formats) available at http://loke.as.arizona.edu/~ckulesa/research/publications/rhooph/
Optimum Cropping Pattern for Sericulture-dominant Farms in Southern Dry Zone of Karnataka
Creators: name: Srinivasa, G.
name: Chengappa, P.G.
name: Achoth, Lalith
name: Reddy, Keshava
name: Nagaraja, G.N.
name: Srinivasa, G.
name: Chengappa, P.G.
name: Achoth, Lalith
name: Reddy, Keshava
name: Nagaraja, G.N.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy

description: Sericulture is labour-intensive and well-suited to small and marginal farms with surplus labour, especially female labour. Ample labour and a small land-base encourage farmers to practise sericulture as a subsidiary occupation. While income from crop production is seasonal, sericulture provides a year-round income, which is an important incentive for small farmers to take up sericulture. The agricultural production is seasonal, while consumption is evenly spread over the years. Under such circumstances, the planners and policymakers are confronted with the challenge of formulating a suitable agricultural production policy with which the desired growth of agricultural production can be achieved. In the present study, optimum cropping patterns for different categories of sericulturists have been suggested by selecting Siddlaghatta in Kolar and Kollegal talukas in Mysore as study areas. The primary data have been collected using the personal interview method. The deterministic linear programming technique has been employed to work out the maximum attainable returns by small, medium and large farmers through the optimum allocation of various crops, sericulture and livestock (dairy), using the available resources. The model has suggested fewer crops in the cropping pattern of both the areas. The model has also suggested shifting of the cropping pattern from subsistence-dominated crops like ragi to commercial crops like bivoltine sericulture in the Kolar area and crossbreed sericulture in the Musore area. The suggested cropping patterns have increased the gross income in the range of 83.55 to 388.68 per cent in the Kolar area and 2.71 to 10.70 per cent in the Kollegal area.
Holographic theories at finite $θ$-angle, CP-violation, glueball spectra and strong-coupling instabilities
Creators: name: Hamada, Yuta
name: Kiritsis, Elias
name: Nitti, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A general class of holographic theories with a nontrivial $θ$-angle are analyzed. The instanton density operator is dual to a bulk axion field. We calculate the ground-state solutions with nontrivial source, $a_{UV}$, for the axion, for both steep and soft dilaton potentials in the IR, and both in $d=3$ and $d=4$. We find all cases to be qualitatively similar. We also calculate the spin$=2,0$ glueball spectra and show that the glueball masses monotonically decrease as functions of $a_{UV}$ (or $θ$-angle). The slopes of glueball masses are different, generically, in different potentials. In the case of steep dilaton potentials, the glueball (masses)$^2$ turn negative before the maximum of $a_{UV}$ is attained. We interpret this as a signal for a favored instanton condensation in the bulk. We also investigate strong CP-violation in the effective glueball action.
description: 70 pages, 25 figures; minor changes (v2)