cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Geographic Accessibility to Hospitals in the United States: Rurality and Insurance Coverage
Creators: name: Sidibe, Mariama O.
name: Burkey, Mark L.
name: Sidibe, Mariama O.
name: Burkey, Mark L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: Health Economics and Policy

description: This paper uses census block groups in the contiguous 48 U.S. states and approximates the average speed traveled on various types of roadways to identify the “quickest” hospital for each block group, the one that can be reached in the least time along the road network. Results are summarized using these estimated travel times and both straight line and road network distances for rural and urban areas for comparison. The U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics’ SAHIE estimates of health insurance coverage at the County level are then used to construct estimates of insurance coverage at the block group level. These are used to examine whether there are differences in geographic access to hospitals for those with and without insurance coverage.
title: A high energy-resolution zero degree facility for (p,p′) and (p,t) reactions
Creators: name: Neveling, R.
name: Fujita, H.
name: Smit, F. D.
name: Adachi, T.
name: Berg, G. P. A.
name: Buthelezi, E. Z.
name: Carter, J.
name: Conradie, J. L.
name: Couder, M.
name: Fearick, R. W.
name: Förtsch, S. V.
name: Fourie, D.
name: Fujita, Y.
name: Görres, J.
name: Hatanaka, K.
name: Heilmann, A. M.
name: Mira, J. P.
name: Murray, S. H. T.
name: Neumann-Cosel, P. von
name: O'Brien, S.
name: Papka, P.
name: Poltoratska, I.
name: Richter, A.
name: Sideras-Haddad, E.
name: Swartz, J. A.
name: Tamii, A.
name: Usman, I. T.
name: Zyl, J. J. van
Publisher: name: IOP Publishing
Year: 2024

description: Medium-energy hadronic scattering and reactions at zero degrees are very selective to excitations with low angular momentum transfer. Only a few facilities exist worldwide where high energy-resolution measurements of this nature can be performed. The K600 Zero-Degree Facility at iThemba LABS, South Africa, was recently successfully developed. Measurements were performed for inelastic proton scattering at an incident energy of 200 MeV for targets ranging from ²⁷Al to ²⁰⁸Pb. Excitation energy-resolution of 50 keV (FWHM) was achieved. A reasonable background subtraction procedure allows for the extraction of excitation energy spectra with low background. Measurements of the (p,t) reaction at 100 MeV benefit from a large difference in magnetic rigidity between the reaction products and primary particles, resulting in almost background-free spectra with excitation energy-resolution of 32 keV (FWHM).
Evolutionary process of the interacting binary V495 Centauri
Creators: name: Rosales, J. A.
name: Mennickent, R. E.
name: Schleicher, D. R. G.
name: Senhadji, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a simple model for the Double Periodic Variable (DPV) V495 Cen, which evolves as a binary system of intermediate mass, where the gainer cannot accrete at high rate, limited by the Eddington accretion rate, leading to the formation of an accretion disc. The theoretical model begins at the zero age main sequence considering the rotation for both stars. For this purpose we used the stellar evolution code MESA, developed to calculate the evolution of stars in a wide range of parameters. We started the model adjusting fundamental parameters published for this system through a chi-square optimization algorithm, and adopting an initial orbital period of 3.9 days and initial masses for the primary component $M_{i,d} = 3.40$ $M_{\odot}$ and $M_{i,g}= 3.18$ $M_{\odot}$ for the gainer, with a metallicity associated to this type of DPV of $Z = 0.02$. The method converged successfully for eight free degrees and 5% of confidence with a chi-square of $Δχ^{2}_{0.95,8}= 0.212$. We describe each evolutionary stage of both components until that the donor reaches 20% core helium depletion as stop criterion. We offer a complementary analysis for understanding the mechanism of the magnetic dynamos inside the donor star using the Tayler-Spruit formalism. Currently, the theoretical model is consistent with the fundamental parameters published for V495 Cen and we discuss how our predictions can help to develop efficients theoretical models for DPV stars.
Boundary critical behaviour of two-dimensional random Potts models
Creators: name: Palágyi, Gábor
name: Chatelain, Christophe
name: Berche, Bertrand
name: Iglói, Ferenc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider random q-state Potts models for $3\le q \le 8$ on the square lattice where the ferromagnetic couplings take two values $J_1>J_2$ with equal probabilities. For any q the model exhibits a continuous phase transition both in the bulk and at the boundary. Using Monte Carlo techniques the surface and the bulk magnetizations are studied close to the critical temperature and the critical exponents $β_1$ and $β$ are determined. In the strip-like geometry the critical magnetization profile is investigated with free-fixed spin boundary condition and the characteristic scaling dimension, $β_1/ν$, is calculated from conformal field theory. The critical exponents and scaling dimensions are found monotonously increasing with q. Anomalous dimensions of the relevant scaling fields are estimated and the multifractal behaviour at criticality is also analyzed.
description: LaTeX2e file with EPJB, 12 pages, 14 eps figures, 10 tables
title: Shell model progress on neutrinoless double beta decay: nuclear matrix element uncertainties, neutrino exchange mechanism in seesaw models
Creators: name: Menéndez, Javier
Publisher: name: IOP Publishing
Year: 2024

description: We study the neutrinoless double beta decay in the context of the interacting shell model. Firstly, we estimate the uncertainties associated to the different approximations performed in the calculation of the nuclear matrix elements, which are necessary to obtain information about the neutrino masses. We then study the dependence of the nuclear matrix elements on the mass of the exchanged neutrinos and we discuss, within the type I seesaw model, which will be the contribution to the neutrinoless double beta decay rate of the different extra neutrinos, depending on their mass range. We also discuss how seesaw models could reconcile large rates of neutrinoless double beta decay with stringent cosmological bounds on neutrino masses.
Diffractive dijet production at HERA
Creators: name: Adloff, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Interactions of the type ep -> eXY are studied, where the component X of the hadronic final state contains two jets and is well separated in rapidity from a leading baryonic system Y. Analyses are performed of both resolved and direct photoproduction and of deep-inelastic scattering with photon virtualities in the range 7.5 < Q^2 < 80 GeV^2. Cross sections are presented where Y has mass M_Y < 1.6 GeV, the squared four-momentum transferred at the proton vertex satisfies |t| < 1 GeV^2 and the two jets each have transverse momentum p^jet_T > 5 GeV relative to the photon direction in the rest frame of X. Models based on a factorisable diffractive exchange with a gluon dominated structure, evolved to a scale set by the transverse momentum p^hat_T of the outgoing partons from the hard interaction, give good descriptions of the data. Exclusive qqbar production, as calculated in perturbative QCD using the squared proton gluon density, represents at most a small fraction of the measured cross section. The compatibility of the data with a breaking of diffractive factorisation due to spectator interactions in resolved photoproduction is investigated.
description: 27 pages, 6 figures, 2 tables, submitted to Eur. Phys. J
Supersymmetric Partners of Oblique Corrections
Creators: name: Randall, L.
name: Katz, E.
name: Su, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss a potential new probe of supersymmetric physics. In particular, we discuss the possibility of measuring hard supersymmetry violation which occurs at one loop through "super-oblique" corrections to the gauge and gaugino propagators. In models with heavy scalar partners, or with many gauge-charged particles which participate in supersymmetry breaking, these effects can be substantial due to logarithmic and multiplicity factor enhancements.
description: 8 Pages, LaTeX, sprocl.sty
Stochastic fluctuations and quasi-pattern formation in reaction-diffusion systems with anomalous transport
Creators: name: Baron, Joseph W.
name: Galla, Tobias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many approaches to modelling reaction-diffusion systems with anomalous transport rely on deterministic equations and ignore fluctuations arising due to finite particle numbers. Starting from an individual-based model we use a generating-functional approach to derive a Gaussian approximation for this intrinsic noise in subdiffusive systems. This results in corrections to the deterministic fractional reaction-diffusion equations. Using this analytical approach, we study the onset of noise-driven quasi-patterns in reaction-subdiffusion systems. We find that subdiffusion can be conducive to the formation of both deterministic and stochastic patterns. Our analysis shows that the combination of subdiffusion and intrinsic stochasticity can reduce the threshold ratio of the effective diffusion coefficients required for pattern formation to a greater degree than either effect on its own.
description: 26 pages, 5 figures
Isotropic Spin Wave Theory of Short-Range Magnetic Order
Creators: name: Sokol, Alexander
name: Singh, Rajiv R. P.
name: Elstner, Norbert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an isotropic spin wave (ISW) theory of short-range order in Heisenberg magnets, and apply it to square lattice S=1/2 and S=1 antiferromagnets. Our theory has three identical (isotropic) spin wave modes, whereas the conventional spin wave theory has two transverse and one longitudinal mode. We calculate temperature dependences of various thermodynamic observables analytically and find good (several per cent) agreement with independently obtained numerical results in a broad temperature range.
description: 4 pages, REVTeX v3 with 3 embedded PostScript figures
A Comprehensive Review on Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-induced Colitis
Creators: name: Aniruddh Som
name: Mandaliya, Rohan
name: Alsaadi, Dana
name: Maham Farshidpour
name: Charabaty, Aline
name: Malhotra, Nidhi
name: Mattar, Mark C.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Immune checkpoint inhibitors
Immune-related adverse events
Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4
Programmed cell death protein 1
Programmed death-ligand 1
Immune-mediated colitis

description: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are monoclonal antibodies that target down-regulators of the anti-cancer immune response: Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4, programmed cell death protein-1, and its ligand programmed death-ligand 1. IMC is one of the most common adverse effects associated with checkpoint inhibitors. The immune system has an important role in recognizing and eliminating tumors. ICIs also transformed the treatment of a wide range of cancers. However, several immune-related adverse effects have been recorded, most of which occur when the immune system becomes less inhibited and affect various organs, including the gastrointestinal tract, causing diarrhoea and colitis. The incidence of immune-mediated colitis (IMC) ranges from 1%-25% depending on the type of ICI and if used in combination. Endoscopically and histologically there is a significant overlap between IMC and inflammatory bowel disease, however more neutrophilic inflammation without chronic inflammation is usually present in IMC. Corticosteroids are recommended for grade 2 or more severe colitis while holding the immunotherapy. Infliximab helps between one-third to two-thirds of patients who are steroid refractory. Vedolizumab has recently been shown to be effective in steroid and infliximab-resistant situations. If immunotherapy is permanently stopped in grade 4 colitis, the decision in grade 3 colitis is debatable.
An Expanded Look into the Role of Economic Diversity on Unemployment
Creators: name: Thorvaldson, Jennifer
name: Squibb, James
name: Thorvaldson, Jennifer
name: Squibb, James
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: Labor and Human Capital

description: The empirical literature examining the relationship between economic diversity and eco-nomic growth and stability is inconclusive. Using fourteen years of data for all U.S. counties, this study re-examines the topic in hopes of gaining clarity. This study finds economic diver-sity to be negatively associated with increases in unemployment rates. This study also finds that counties with greater economic diversity experience larger absolute changes in unemploy-ment rates after employment shocks in either direction. These results suggest that higher eco-nomic diversity promotes resilience but decreases stability.
MPEC 2024-G39 : 2024 FR4
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2024 FR4

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Flow and vorticity with varying chemical potential in relativistic heavy ion collisions
Creators: name: Saha, Abhisek
name: Sanyal, Soma
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the vorticity patterns in relativistic heavy ion collisions with respect to the collision energy. The collision energy is related to the chemical potential used in the thermal - statistical models that assume approximate chemical equilibrium after the relativistic collision. We use the multiphase transport model (AMPT) to study the vorticity in the initial parton phase as well as the final hadronic phase of the relativistic heavy ion collision. We find that as the chemical potential increases,the vortices are larger in size. Using different definitions of vorticity, we find that vorticity plays a greater role at lower collision energies than at higher collision energies. We also look at other effects of the flow patterns related to the bulk viscosity and the shear viscosity at different collision energies. We find that the shear viscosity obtained is almost a constant with a small decrease at higher collision energies. We also look at the elliptic flow as it is related to viscous effects in the final stages after the collision. Our results indicate that viscosity plays a greater role at higher chemical potential and lower collision energies.
description: Revised version contains revised graphs of average vorticity, new graphs for thermal vorticity and specific shear viscosity
Yukawa Unification in Moduli-dominant SUSY Breaking
Creators: name: Khalil, Shaaban
name: Kobayashi, Tatsuo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study Yukawa unification in string models with moduli-dominant SUSY breaking. This type of SUSY breaking in general leads to non-universal soft masses, i.e., soft scalar masses and gaugino masses. Such non-universality is important for phenomenological aspects of Yukawa unification, i.e., successful electroweak breaking, SUSY corrections to the bottom mass and the branching ratio of $b \to s γ$. We show three regions in the whole parameter space which lead to successful electroweak breaking and allow small SUSY corrections to the bottom mass. For these three regions we investigate the $b \to s γ$ decay and mass spectra.
description: Latex, 17 pages, 6 figures
Testing diffusion of cosmic rays in the heliosphere with proton and helium data from AMS
Creators: name: Tomassetti, Nicola
name: Barão, Fernando
name: Bertucci, Bruna
name: Fiandrini, Emanuele
name: Figueiredo, José
name: Barreira, João
name: Orcinha, Miguel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: After six years of continuous observations in space, the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer experiment has released new data on the temporal evolution of the proton and helium fluxes in cosmic rays. These data revealed that the ratio between proton and helium fluxes at the same value of rigidity $R=p/Z$ (momentum/charge ratio) is not constant at $R\lesssim$ 3 GV. In particular, the ratio is found to decrease steadily during the descending phase of Solar Cycle 24 toward the next minimum. We show that such a behavior is a remarkable signature of the $β\timesλ(R)$ dependence in the diffusion of cosmic rays in heliosphere, where $β$ is their adimensional speed and $λ(R)$ is their mean free path, a universal function of rigidity for all nuclei. This dependence is responsible for distinctive charge/mass dependent effects in the time-dependent modulation of low-rigidity particles.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, matches published version
ПРОФЕССИОНАЛ ТАЪЛИМ МУАССАСАЛАРИ ЎҚУВЧИЛАРИНИНГ ЛОЙИҲАЛАШ КОМПЕТЕНТЛИГИНИ РИВОЖЛАНТИРИШ МЕТОДИКАСИ
Creators: name: Абдуллаев, А.К.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Ушбу мақолада лойиҳалашга оид фанларни компьютерлаштириш, рақамлаштириш, виртуаллаштириш орқали таълим олувчиларнинг ақлий, касбий, лойиҳавий, креатив фикрлаши ривожланиш ҳақида сўз юритилади.
Environmental, genetic and fitness correlates of male seasonal plumage ornaments in a genetically monogamous bird
Creators: name: MARIE FAN
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour
subject: 60201 Behavioural Ecology

description: Elaborate ornamentation is often assumed to improve reproductive success of the bearer, by attracting mates or deterring rivals. In particular, bright plumage in birds may signal the quality of an individual, provided that its production and maintenance are costly. Seasonal plumages, i.e. the alternation of dull non-breeding plumage and colourful breeding plumage, have the potential to do so through multiple components; however, the nature and magnitude of their benefits and costs remain ill-understood, particularly for species that form monogamous, year-round and long-term partnerships. Here I investigate the function of male seasonal plumages in the genetically monogamous purple-crowned fairy-wren, Malurus coronatus.
Investigating the Effect of Ethanolic Extract of Trigonella foenum-graecum L. Seeds on Reproductive System of Male Albino Rats
Creators: name: Singh, Madhulika
name: G. N. Verma
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Trigonella foenum-graecum
antifertility
antispermatogenic
testicular marker enzymes
rat testis

description: Aims: The present chapter was undertaken to assess the antispermatogenic and antifertility efficacy of ethanolic extract of Trigonella foenum-greacum seeds. It is one of the most widely used plants in various indigenous systems of medicine for the treatment of different ailments. Methodology: Aqueous solution of the extract (250 mg/kg b.wt/day) when administered orally for 45 days to adult male albino rat (Duckray strain). Results: Seeds extract caused inhibition of spermatogenesis as well as inability to mate with normal untreated female rats of proven fertility. There occurred a significant decrease in absolute and relative weights of testis and seminal vesicle and increase in epididymal weight, whereas of ventral prostate and coagulating gland remained unchanged. Sperm concentration and motility in the cauda epididymis was also decreased. Increased incidence of separation of head and tail pieces of spermatozoa was seen in the epididymal smear. Histologically, testis of experimental animals showed arrest of spermatogenesis at the secondary spermatocytes stage and there was deposition of cellular debris in semineferous tubular lumen. The spermatids were not properly developed and interstitial cells were very sparse and degenerated. However, there was no evidence of damage to the spermatogonia. Oral treatment of extract did not affect the body weight of animals. Quantitative estimation of marker testicular enzymes, e.g., sorbitol dehydrogenase showed a significant decrease whereas lactate dehydrogenase and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase levels were significantly increased. Conclusion: These results suggest that T. foenum-greacum, may induce male infertility in rats, therefore, should be considered further as a potential male antifertility agent.
On rotationally invariant integrable and superintegrable classical systems in magnetic fields with non-subgroup type integrals
Creators: name: Bertrand, Sebastien
name: Šnobl, Libor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 37J35, 78A25

description: The aim of the present article is to construct quadratically integrable three dimensional systems in non-vanishing magnetic fields which possess so-called non-subgroup type integrals. The presence of such integrals means that the system possesses a pair of integrals of motion in involution which are (at most) quadratic in momenta and whose leading order terms, that are necessarily elements of the enveloping algebra of the Euclidean algebra, are not quadratic Casimir operators of a chain of its subalgebras. By imposing in addition that one of the integrals has the leading order term $L_z^2$ we can consider three such commuting pairs: circular parabolic, oblate spheroidal and prolate spheroidal. We find all possible integrable systems possessing such structure of commuting integrals and describe their Hamiltonians and their integrals. We show that our assumptions imply the existence of a first order integral $L_z $, i.e. rotational invariance, of all such systems. As a consequence, the Hamilton--Jacobi equation of each of these systems with magnetic field separates in the corresponding coordinate system, as it is known to be the case for all quadratically integrable systems without magnetic field, and in contrast with the subgroup type, i.e. Cartesian, spherical and cylindrical, cases, with magnetic fields. We also look for superintegrable systems within the circular parabolic integrable class. Assuming the additional integral to be first order we demonstrate that only previously known systems exist. However, for a particular second order ansatz for the sought integral ($L^2+\ldots$) we find a minimally quadratically superintegrable system. It is not quadratically maximally superintegrable but appears to possess bounded closed trajectories, hinting at hypothetical higher order superintegrability.
Connections on central bimodules
Creators: name: Dubois-Violette, Michel
name: Michor, Peter W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We define and study the theory of derivation-based connections on a recently introduced class of bimodules over an algebra which reduces to the category of modules whenever the algebra is commutative. This theory contains, in particular, a noncommutative generalization of linear connections. We also discuss the different noncommutative versions of differential forms based on derivations. Then we investigate reality conditions and a noncommutative generalization of pseudo-riemannian structures.
description: 27 pages, AMS-LaTeX
More Money for Schools: Education Tax Referenda’s Rural-Urban Divide
Creators: name: Yadavilli, Anita
name: Waldorf, Brigitte S.
name: Florax, Raymond J.G.M.
name: Yadavilli, Anita
name: Waldorf, Brigitte S.
name: Florax, Raymond J.G.M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development
Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession

description: School districts propose education tax referenda to attain funding additional to their state-allocated funds. This research examines educational finance across public school dis-tricts to understand the mechanisms that influence the proposal and approval of such refer-enda. The focus is on how these mechanisms operate differently in rural and urban settings. The results suggest that few school districts take advantage of educational tax referenda, with rural school districts being more likely to do so than urban school districts. School districts that do choose to propose a referendum will very likely gain voter approval. We find also that racial diversity, competition from private schools, and school district size operate differ-ently in urban and rural settings.
Housing prices and wealth inequality in Western Europe
Creators: name: Fuller, Gregory W.
name: Johnston, Alison
name: Regan, Aidan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: Comparative political economy (CPE) has robustly examined the political and institutional determinants of income inequality. However, the study of wealth, which is more unequally distributed than income, has been largely understudied within CPE. Using new data from the World Income Database (WID), this article examines how economic, political and institutional dynamics shape wealth-to-income ratios within Western European and OECD countries. It is found that the political and institutional determinants that affect income inequality have no short- or long-run effects on the wealth-to-income ratio. Rather, the rise in wealth-to-income ratios is driven by rising housing prices, as well as price changes in other financial assets, not home ownership or national saving rates. The article concludes by examining how the changing dynamics of housing prices and wealth inequality will increasingly shape intergenerational – and associated class-based – political conflict in Western Europe.
title: Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay The Nuclear Matrix Elements Revisited
Creators: name: Menéndez, J.
name: Poves, A.
name: Caurier, E.
name: Nowacki, F.
Publisher: name: IOP Publishing
Year: 2024

description: We explore the influence of the deformation on the nuclear matrix elements of the neutrinoless double beta decay (NME), concluding that the difference in deformation -or more generally in the amount of quadrupole correlations- between parent and grand daughter nuclei quenches strongly the decay. We correlate these differences with the seniority structure of the nuclear wave functions. In this context, we examine the present discrepancies between the NME's obtained in the framework of the Interacting Shell Model and the Quasiparticle RPA. In our view, part of the discrepancy can be due to the limitations of the spherical QRPA in treating nuclei which have strong quadrupole correlations. We surmise that the NME's in a basis of generalized seniority are approximately model independent, i. e. they are "universal". We discuss as well how varies the nuclear matrix element of the ⁷⁶Ge decay when the wave functions of the two nuclei involved in the transition are constrained to reproduce the experimental occupancies. In the Interacting Shell Model description the value of the NME is enhanced about 15% compared to previous calculations, whereas in the QRPA the NME's are reduced by 20%-30%. This diminishes the discrepancies between both approaches. In addition, we update the effects of the short range correlations on the NME's in the light of the recently proposed parametrizations obtained by renormalizing the 0νββ transition operator at the same footing than the effective interaction.
Impact of combining medial capsule interposition with modified scarf osteotomy for hallux valgus
Creators: name: Ebina, Kosuke
name: Hirao, Makoto
name: Tsuboi, Hideki
name: Kaneshiro, Shoichi
name: Nishikawa, Masataka
name: Goshima, Atsushi
name: Noguchi, Takaaki
name: Nakaya, Hiroyuki
name: Etani, Yuki
name: Miyama, Akira
name: Takami, Kenji
name: Hashimoto, Jun
name: Yoshikawa, Hideki
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Objectives: To clarify the effect of combining medial capsule interposition with modified scarf osteotomy for hallux valgus. Methods: A multicenter, retrospective study included 64 cases [59 osteoarthritis patients (excluding rheumatoid arthritis); age 68.8 years, range 40–93 years] of modified scarf osteotomy which were performed from 2013 to 2017 and followed for 26.6 (range, 13–50) months. Patients were treated by either (1) without medial capsule interposition (33 cases) or (2) combined with interposition (31 cases) at each senior surgeon’s discretion. The Japanese Society for Surgery of the Foot (JSSF) hallux metatarsophalangeal (MTP)-interphalangeal scale was evaluated along with radiographic parameters (hallux valgus angle [HVA], first and second metatarsals intermetatarsal angles, and Hardy grade). Results: All JSSF scale and radiographic parameters were similar at baseline and significantly improved at final follow-up in both groups (pre-operation vs. final follow-up: p p value between the two groups at final follow-up) for pain (without interposition: 19.4–34.2, interposition: 18.4–37.1; p = .02), function (without interposition: 20.8–33.6, interposition: 18.3–36.6; p = .005), total score (without interposition: 41.5–81.8, interposition: 38.5–88.5; p < .001), and the MTP joint space (without interposition: 1.4–1.5 mm, interposition: 1.6–2.6 mm; p < .001) with significant correlation between the total JSSF score (r = .40; p = .001). Conclusion: Combining medial capsule interposition with modified scarf osteotomy significantly improved mid-term clinical outcomes.
The three-dimensional, three-state Potts Model in an External Field
Creators: name: Karsch, Frithjof
name: Stickan, Sven
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the critical behaviour of the three-dimensional, three-state Potts model in the presence of an external ordering field. From a finite size scaling analysis on lattices of size up to 70**3 we determine the critical endpoint of the line of first order phase transitions as (b_c, h_c) =(0.54938(2), 0.000775(10)). We determine the relevant temperature like and symmetry breaking directions at this second order critical point and explicitly verify that it is in the universality class of the three-dimensional Ising model.
description: 12 pages, LaTeX2e File, 6 EPS-files
Impact of ion dynamics on laser-driven electron acceleration and gamma-ray emission in structured targets at ultra-high laser intensities
Creators: name: Wang, T.
name: Gong, Z.
name: Chin, K.
name: Arefiev, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the impact of the ion dynamics on laser-driven electron acceleration in an initially empty channel irradiated by an ultra-high intensity laser pulse with $I > 10^{22}$ W/cm$^2$. The negative charge of the accelerated electrons inside the channel generates a quasi-static transverse electric field that causes gradual ion expansion into the channel. Once the ions fill the channel, the pinching force from the quasi-static magnetic field generated by the accelerated electrons becomes uncompensated due to the reduction of the quasi-static transverse electric field. As a result there are two distinct populations of accelerated electrons: those that accelerate ahead of the expanding ion front while moving predominantly forward and those that accelerate in the presence of the ions in the channel while performing strong transverse oscillations. The ions diminish the role of the longitudinal laser electric field, making the transverse electric field the dominant contributor to the electron energy. The ion expansion also has a profound impact on the gamma-ray emission, causing it to become volumetrically distributed while reducing the total emitted energy. We formulate a criterion for the laser pulse duration that must be satisfied in order to minimize the undesired effect from the ions and to allow the electrons to remain highly collimated. \textcolor{black}{We demonstrate the predictive capability of this criterion by applying it to assess the impact of a given pre-pulse on ion expansion. Our results provide a} guideline for future experiments at multi-PW laser facilities with ultra-high intensities.
description: 11 figures, 14 pages,
HybridSN: Exploring 3D-2D CNN Feature Hierarchy for Hyperspectral Image Classification
Creators: name: Roy, Swalpa Kumar
name: Krishna, Gopal
name: Dubey, Shiv Ram
name: Chaudhuri, Bidyut B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Hyperspectral image (HSI) classification is widely used for the analysis of remotely sensed images. Hyperspectral imagery includes varying bands of images. Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) is one of the most frequently used deep learning based methods for visual data processing. The use of CNN for HSI classification is also visible in recent works. These approaches are mostly based on 2D CNN. Whereas, the HSI classification performance is highly dependent on both spatial and spectral information. Very few methods have utilized the 3D CNN because of increased computational complexity. This letter proposes a Hybrid Spectral Convolutional Neural Network (HybridSN) for HSI classification. Basically, the HybridSN is a spectral-spatial 3D-CNN followed by spatial 2D-CNN. The 3D-CNN facilitates the joint spatial-spectral feature representation from a stack of spectral bands. The 2D-CNN on top of the 3D-CNN further learns more abstract level spatial representation. Moreover, the use of hybrid CNNs reduces the complexity of the model compared to 3D-CNN alone. To test the performance of this hybrid approach, very rigorous HSI classification experiments are performed over Indian Pines, Pavia University and Salinas Scene remote sensing datasets. The results are compared with the state-of-the-art hand-crafted as well as end-to-end deep learning based methods. A very satisfactory performance is obtained using the proposed HybridSN for HSI classification. The source code can be found at \url{https://github.com/gokriznastic/HybridSN}.
description: Published in IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters
Potential Economic Impacts of Inter-regional Water Sales Under Two Texas Aquifer Scenarios
Creators: name: Dudensing, Rebekka
name: Dudensing, Rebekka
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: As metropolitan areas require additional water supplies to meet the needs of growing populations, many are looking to outlying rural areas to provide water. This study examines potential economic impacts from water sales in Burleson and Hale Counties in Texas, focusing on agricultural output, household spending, and trade flows with nearby trade centers. While a net economic gain is estimated for Burleson County when accounting for water leases and agricultural production, Hale County suffers significant losses that extend to the Lubbock County trade center. These results suggest more arid regions are likely to experience greater agriculture losses which may result in overall regional economic decline even though individ-ual landowners benefit. Incorporating trade flows into the regional economic model provides additional information about effects on the broader regional economy, including regional trade centers that serve rural communities.
Directed polymers in high dimensions
Creators: name: Bundschuh, Ralf
name: Lassig, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study directed polymers subject to a quenched random potential in d transversal dimensions. This system is closely related to the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang equation of nonlinear stochastic growth. By a careful analysis of the perturbation theory we show that physical quantities develop singular behavior for d to 4. For example, the universal finite size amplitude of the free energy at the roughening transition is proportional to (4-d)^(1/2). This shows that the dimension d=4 plays a special role for this system and points towards d=4 as the upper critical dimension of the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang problem.
description: 37 pages REVTEX including 4 PostScript figures
Optical response of Luttinger semimetals in the normal and superconducting states
Creators: name: Boettcher, Igor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the optical response properties of three-dimensional Luttinger semimetals with the Fermi energy close to a quadratic band touching point. In particular, in order to address recent experiments on the spectroscopy of Pyrochlore Iridates and half-Heusler superconductors, we derive expressions for the optical conductivity in both the normal and general superconducting states in the linear response regime within the random phase approximation. The response functions can be decomposed into contributions from intraband and interband transitions, the latter comprising a genuine signature of the quadratic band touching point. We demonstrate the importance of interband transitions in the optical response in the normal state both in the homogeneous and quasi-static limit. Our analysis reveals a factorization property of the homogeneous conductivity in the spatially anisotropic case and the divergence of the conductivity for strong spatial anisotropy. In the quasi-static limit, the response is dominated by interband transitions and significantly different from systems with a single parabolic band. As an applications of the formalism in the superconducting state we compute the optical conductivity and superfluid density for the s-wave singlet superconducting case for both finite and vanishing chemical potential.
description: 15+30 pages, updated references
Search for Higgs Bosons and New Particles Decaying into Two Photons at sqrt(s) = 183 GeV
Creators: name: The OPAL Collaboration
name: al, K. Ackerstaff et
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A search for the resonant production of high mass photon pairs associated with a leptonic or hadronic system has been performed using a data sample of 57.7 pb-1 collected at an average center-of-mass energy of 182.6 GeV with the OPAL detector at LEP. No evidence for contributions from non-Standard Model physics processes was observed. The observed candidates are used to place limits on BR (H to gamma gamma) assuming a Standard Model production rate for Higgs boson masses up to 92 GeV, and on the production cross section for a scalar resonance decaying into di-photons up to a mass of 170 GeV. Upper limits on the product of cross section and branching ratios, sigma(e+e- to XY) * BR(X to gamma gamma) * BR(Y to f fbar) as low as 70fb are obtained over the M(X) range 10 - 170 GeV for the case where 10 < M(Y) < 160 GeV and M(X)+M(Y) > 90 GeV, independent of the nature of Y provided it decays to a fermion pair and has negligible width. Higgs scalars which couple only to gauge bosons at Standard Model strength are ruled out up to a mass of 90.0 GeV at the 95% confidence level. Limits are also placed on non-minimal Higgs sectors having triplet representations.
description: 21 pages, LaTeX, 4 eps figures included, submitted to Physics Letters B
MPEC 2024-G40 : 2024 FS4
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2024 FS4

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Pew Research Center: American Trends Panel Wave 36
Creators: name: Pew Research Center
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2019

description: Life satisfaction (1); important qualities for elected officials (9); important qualities for executive businesspersons (12); leadership styles of women and men (2); women in political offices (2); women in management roles (3); easier for men or women to obtain high level positions (2); women running for political office (1); women in high level positions improving quality of life for men/women (3); reasons few women hold high political offices (12); reasons few women are in management roles (14); direction of education system (5); women vs. men in high political offices (15); women vs. men in management roles (18); potential impacts on women/men being elected to political offices (14); women in politics having children (1); potential impacts on women/men obtaining management roles (15); woman president (1); women running for Congress (2); potential impacts of more women in Congress (3); free speech vs. protecting students in higher education (1); fertility treatments (1).
The Heavy Quark Parton Oxymoron -- A mini-review of Heavy Quark Production theory in PQCD
Creators: name: Tung, Wu-Ki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Conventional perturbative QCD calculations on the production of a heavy quark ``$H$'' consist of two contrasting approaches: the usual QCD parton formalism uses the zero-mass approximation ($m_H=0$) once above threshold, and treats $H$ just like the other light partons; on the other hand, most recent ``NLO'' heavy quark calculations treat $m_H$ as a % large parameter and always consider $H$ as a heavy particle, never as a parton, irrespective of the energy scale of the physical process. By their very nature, both these approaches are limited in their regions of applicability. This dichotomy can be resolved in a unified general-mass variable-flavor-number scheme, which retains the $m_H$ dependence at all energies, and which naturally reduces to the two conventional approaches in their respective region of validity. Recent applications to lepto- and hadro-production of heavy quarks are briefly summarized.
description: Talk given at DIS97, Chicago; 8 pages; Latex, use aipproc.sty
Neural Network Attributions: A Causal Perspective
Creators: name: Chattopadhyay, Aditya
name: Manupriya, Piyushi
name: Sarkar, Anirban
name: Balasubramanian, Vineeth N
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose a new attribution method for neural networks developed using first principles of causality (to the best of our knowledge, the first such). The neural network architecture is viewed as a Structural Causal Model, and a methodology to compute the causal effect of each feature on the output is presented. With reasonable assumptions on the causal structure of the input data, we propose algorithms to efficiently compute the causal effects, as well as scale the approach to data with large dimensionality. We also show how this method can be used for recurrent neural networks. We report experimental results on both simulated and real datasets showcasing the promise and usefulness of the proposed algorithm.
description: 17 pages, 10 Figures. Accepted in the Proceedings of the 36th International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML2019). Modifications: Added github link to code and fixed a typo in Fig. 3
Properly Targeting Human Microbiomes to Improve Public Health
Creators: name: European Food Information Council (EUFIC)
name: National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and Environment
name: Pharmabiotic Research Institute (PRI)
name: European Biomedical Research Institute of Salerno
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Human Microbiome
Public Health
Health Care Professionals

description: The Human Microbiome Action project addresses pressing challenges faced in public health, like the increasing number of non-communicable diseases. Human microbiomes can provide diagnostic and prognostic elements but also serve as a target for disease prevention and treatment. Anticipating a future where clinicians can effectively utilize microbiome information in daily clinical management, the EU-funded Human Microbiome Action project aims to provide the necessary knowledge and technological framework to achieve this goal.
Prevalence of Esophageal Cancer in the Countries of Central and Eastern Europe: Epidemiology and Problems of Complex of Treatment and Care
Creators: name: Dubrovina, Nadiya
name: Boyko, Valery
name: Gerrard, Russell
name: Savvi, Sergiy
name: Zamiatin, Petro
name: Zamiatin, Denis
name: Gulášová, Ivica
name: Tovkach, Yurii
name: Yemelyanenko, Nataliia
name: Banul, Bohdana
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Esophageal cancer
epidemiology
central and eastern Europe
mortality rates

description: In this chapter the problems of the prevalence of esophageal cancer and the distribution of mortality rates from this disease are considered in the countries of Central and Eastern Europe. The rates of mortality from esophageal cancer are analyzed by statistical methods, econometrics, spatial and time series analysis. A study is carried out of the features of the tendencies of mortality rates from esophageal cancer in six EU countries and in Ukraine. The problems of the prevalence of esophageal cancer and the spatial distribution of mortality rates from this disease are considered using as examples the NUTS 2 regions in six countries of Central and Eastern Europe (Austria, Germany, the Czech Republic, Poland, Slovakia and Hungary). The spatial distribution of the rates of mortality from esophageal cancer is analyzed. It allows us to determine more and less epidemiologically affected regions and to carry out more detailed studies on the link between the mortality rates from esophageal cancer and various factors. It is emphasized that various factors, such as the environmental situation, socio-demographic characteristics of the population, culture and nature of nutrition, the general health status of the population, the availability of resources and the level of healthcare in the region should be took into account for development of complex of treatment and care and for the programs for the prevention of prevalence of esophageal cancer.