cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Separable Functors and Formal Smoothness
Creators: name: Ardizzoni, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: K-Theory and Homology (math.KT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 16W30, 18D10

description: The natural problem we approach in the present paper is to show how the notion of formally smooth (co)algebra inside monoidal categories can substitute that of (co)separable (co)algebra in the study of splitting bialgebra homomorphisms. This is performed investigating the relation between formal smoothness and separability of certain functors and led to other results related to Hopf algebra theory. Between them we prove that the existence of $ad$-(co)invariant integrals for a Hopf algebra $H$ is equivalent to the separability of some forgetful functors. In the finite dimensional case, this is also equivalent to the separability of the Drinfeld Double $D(H)$ over $H$. Hopf algebras which are formally smooth as (co)algebras are characterized. We prove that given a bialgebra surjection $π:E\to H$ with nilpotent kernel such that $H$ is a Hopf algebra which is formally smooth as a $K$-algebra, then $π$ has a section which is a right $H$-colinear algebra homomorphism. Moreover, if $H$ is also endowed with an $ad$-invariant integral, then this section can be chosen to be $H$-bicolinear. We also deal with the dual case.
The GBOT Asteroid Survey (First years: Jan. 2015 - May 2018)
Creators: name: Bouquillon, S.
name: Souami, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The GBOT group is in charge of the Ground Based Optical Tracking of the Gaia satellite. In concrete terms, since the launch of Gaia, our task is to take every night, using ground based medium-class telescopes, short sequences of $10$ or $20$ images of the Gaia satellite close to its meridian transit. For this purpose, we mainly use the VLT Survey Telescope and the Liverpool Telescope. In these images, taken close to the Sun's opposition - since Gaia is in L$_2$ - we observe many asteroids: between $30$ and $100$ asteroids every night, up to magnitude $22$. In order to extract the astrometric positions as well as the magnitudes of these asteroids, we have developed semi-automatic methods, strategies and tools tailored explicitly for this daily task. In only three and a half years of operation, this system has allowed us to send to the Minor Planet Center the position and the photometry for about $20,000$ asteroids, amongst which $9,000$ new objects. Here we describe all the aspects of the GBOT asteroid survey.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, proceeding of the 8th ADeLA meeting, 2018, Tarija, Bolivia
Establishing demographic reference condition procedures for Italian river fish bioindicator
Creators: name: Rossi, Giovanni
name: Marchi, Andrea
name: De Bonis, Salvatore
name: Zuffi, Gianluca
name: Caricato, Gaetano
name: Goffredo, Stefano
name: Martone, Cristina
name: Macchio, Stefano
name: Rossi, Gian Luigi
name: Balzamo, Stefania
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: The Water Framework Directive 2000/60/EC (WFD) requires Member States of the European Union (EU) to use a pool of bioindicators, that is, Biological Quality Elements (BQEs), including fish species and each Member State shall, in fact, certify the compliance with the ecological quality goals of the WFD. The New Italian Index of the Ecological State of Fish Communities (NISECI) is the WFD-compliant index for the analysis of the fish species BQE in Italian river water bodies, both wadable and non-wadable, that are not (using WFD definitions) heavily modified or artificial. The WFD requires each index to relate the conditions found in the field to reference conditions corresponding to the absence of anthropogenic alterations or to minor anthropogenic alterations. The present study defines the logical basis on the model of refinement for the reference conditions of the metrics and submetrics of NISECI relating to the biological condition of indigenous and non-indigenous species. The model was tested on an empirical basis using data from 284 ichthyological samplings taken from river basins throughout Italy. In order to clean random errors and stochastic noise due to possible different sampling methods, the data was only collected using protocols that guarantee adequately homogeneous and reliable data of abundance (overall and by size). The developed approach provided comparable and homogeneous results throughout Italian watersheds; this allowed a standardized and robust refinement of the threshold values of the demographic parameters of NISECI. The procedure used, consistent with the spatially based reference condition and expert judgement reference condition approaches envisaged by the WFD, improves the analytical performance of the NISECI by increasing its power of resolution and is applicable in every Italian zoogeographic and ecological context.
Emulation of stochastic simulators using generalized lambda models
Creators: name: Zhu, X.
name: Sudret, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Stochastic simulators are ubiquitous in many fields of applied sciences and engineering. In the context of uncertainty quantification and optimization, a large number of simulations is usually necessary, which becomes intractable for high-fidelity models. Thus surrogate models of stochastic simulators have been intensively investigated in the last decade. In this paper, we present a novel approach to surrogating the response distribution of a stochastic simulator which uses generalized lambda distributions, whose parameters are represented by polynomial chaos expansions of the model inputs. As opposed to most existing approaches, this new method does not require replicated runs of the simulator at each point of the experimental design. We propose a new fitting procedure which combines maximum conditional likelihood estimation with (modified) feasible generalized least-squares. We compare our method with state-of-the-art nonparametric kernel estimation on four different applications stemming from mathematical finance and epidemiology. Its performance is illustrated in terms of the accuracy of both the mean/variance of the stochastic simulator and the response distribution. As the proposed approach can also be used with experimental designs containing replications, we carry out a comparison on two of the examples, showing that replications do not necessarily help to get a better overall accuracy and may even worsen the results (at a fixed total number of runs of the simulator).
Chal­len­ges of edu­ca­ti­on and in­no­va­ti­on. Pro­cee­dings of the Fourth Green Week Sci­en­ti­fic Con­fe­rence.
Creators: name: Kashtanova, Elena G.
name: Leeds, Elke M.
name: Rivera, William M.
name: Mandler, Andreas
name: Imami, Drini
name: Leonetti, Luciano
name: Stefanllari, Andi
name: Zhllima, Edvin
name: Dajnoki, Krisztina
name: Peto, Karoly
name: Grasselli, Norbert
name: Drejerska, Nina
name: Ziolkowska, Jadwiga
name: Simon, Leo K.
name: Appel, Franziska
name: Ostermeyer, Arlette
name: Milic, Branislav B.
name: Leshem, Asaf
name: Aenis, Thomas
name: Grotz, Patrick Artur
name: Tang, Lixia
name: Nagel, Uwe Jens
name: Hoffmann, Volker
name: Ahrorov, Farhod
name: Djanibekov, Nodir
name: Lamers, John P.A.
name: Bobojonov, Ihtiyor
name: Kashtanova, Elena G.
name: Leeds, Elke M.
name: Rivera, William M.
name: Mandler, Andreas
name: Imami, Drini
name: Leonetti, Luciano
name: Stefanllari, Andi
name: Zhllima, Edvin
name: Dajnoki, Krisztina
name: Peto, Karoly
name: Grasselli, Norbert
name: Drejerska, Nina
name: Ziolkowska, Jadwiga
name: Simon, Leo K.
name: Appel, Franziska
name: Ostermeyer, Arlette
name: Milic, Branislav B.
name: Leshem, Asaf
name: Aenis, Thomas
name: Grotz, Patrick Artur
name: Tang, Lixia
name: Nagel, Uwe Jens
name: Hoffmann, Volker
name: Ahrorov, Farhod
name: Djanibekov, Nodir
name: Lamers, John P.A.
name: Bobojonov, Ihtiyor
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: Agribusiness
Community/Rural/Urban Development
Industrial Organization
Institutional and Behavioral Economics
International Development
Labor and Human Capital
Political Economy
Public Economics

description: This volume of proceedings, available as both a hard copy and a pdf file, is an edited compilation of selected contributions to the Conference on Modern Agriculture in Central and Eastern Europe (MACE) 2010, held in Berlin, Germany, at the ICC on the 13th and 14th of January 2010. We would like to thank all those persons and organizations who contributed to the realisation of the MACE Conference 2010 as well as to this edited volume. First of all, we thank all presenters, whose commitment made the conference possible. The conference would not have been successful without the active engagement of such a large number of colleagues from IAMO, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and the Council for Tropical and Sub-Tropical Agricultural Research (ATSAF). Thanks to all of them. Furthermore, we appreciate the support provided by the European Union, particularly by the Marie Curie Programme and the Federal Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Consumer Protection, and by the ICC Berlin. For improving the book’s language and supporting us in its technical production, our thanks go to Jim Curtiss and Silke Scharf, respectively. The papers contained in this volume were selected from the pool of presentations at the conference and were subjected to a blind review process. The input of the reviewers is gratefully acknowledged. Responsibility for the paper’s contents, figures and citations remains with the authors.
Clean optical spectrum of the radio jet of 3C 120
Creators: name: Sanchez, S. F
name: Garcia-Lorenzo, B.
name: Mediavilla, E.
name: Gonzalez-Serrano, J. I.
name: Christensen, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present integral field spectroscopy (IFS) of the central region of 3C 120. We have modeled the nuclear and host galaxy 3D spectra using techniques normally applied to imaging, decoupling both components, and obtained a residual datacube. Using this residual datacube, we detected the extended emission line region associated with the radio jet. We obtained, for the first time, a clean spectrum of this region and found compelling evidences of a jet-cloud interaction. The jet compresses and splits the gas cloud which is ionized by the AGN and/or by the strong local UV photon field generated by a shock process. We cannot confirm the detection of an extended emission line region associated with the counter-jet reported by Axon (1989).
description: 13 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publishing in ApJ
Immigration, Offshoring and American Jobs
Creators: name: Ottaviano, Gianmarco I.P.
name: Peri, Giovanni
name: Wright, Greg C.
name: Ottaviano, Gianmarco I.P.
name: Peri, Giovanni
name: Wright, Greg C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Employment
subject: Production tasks
subject: Immigrants
subject: Offshoring

description: How many "American jobs" have U.S.-born workers lost due to immigration and offshoring? Or, alternatively, is it possible that immigration and offshoring, by promoting cost-savings and enhanced efficiency in firms, have spurred the creation of jobs for U.S. natives? We consider a multi-sector version of the Grossman and Rossi-Hansberg (2008) model with a continuum of tasks in each sector and we augment it to include immigrants with heterogeneous productivity in tasks. We use this model to jointly analyze the impact of a reduction in the costs of offshoring and of the costs of immigrating to the U.S. The model predicts that while cheaper offshoring reduces the share of natives among less skilled workers, cheaper immigration does not, but rather reduces the share of offshored jobs instead. Moreover, since both phenomena have a positive "cost-savings" effect they may leave unaffected, or even increase, total native employment of less skilled workers. Our model also predicts that offshoring will push natives toward jobs that are more intensive in communication-interactive skills and away from those that are manual and routine intensive. We test the predictions of the model on data for 58 U.S. manufacturing industries over the period 2000-2007 and find evidence in favor of a positive productivity effect such that immigration has a positive net effect on native employment while offshoring has no effect on it. We also find some evidence that offshoring has pushed natives toward more communication-intensive tasks while it has pushed immigrants away from them.
Magnetic metamaterials with correlated disorder
Creators: name: Molina, Mario I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the transport of magnetic energy in a simplified model of a magnetic metamaterial, consisting of a one-dimensional array of split-ring resonators, in the presence of correlated disorder in the resonant frequencies. The computation of the average participation ratio (PR) reveals that on average, the modes for the correlated disorder system are less localized than in the uncorrelated case. The numerical computation of the mean square displacement of an initially localized magnetic excitation for the correlated case shows a substantial departure from the uncorrelated (Anderson-like) case. A long-time asymptotic fit $\langle n^2\rangle \sim t^α$ reveals that, for the uncorrelated system $α\sim 0$, while for the correlated case $α>0$, spanning a whole range of behavior ranging from localization to super-diffusive behavior. The transmission coefficient of a plane wave across a single magnetic dimer reveals the existence of well-defined regions in disorder strength-magnetic coupling space, where unit transmission for some wavevector(s) is possible. This implies, according to the random dimer model (RDM) of Dunlap et al., a degree of mobility. A comparison between the mobilities of the correlated SRR system and the RDM shows that the RDM model has better mobility at low disorder while our correlated SRR model displays better mobility at medium and large disorder.
description: 6 pages, 7 figures
Polluters and Abaters
Creators: name: Nimubona, Alain-Desire
name: Bernard, Sinclair-Desgagne
name: Nimubona, Alain-Desire
name: Bernard, Sinclair-Desgagne
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Eco-industry
subject: Make-or-buy Decision
subject: Outsourcing
subject: Vertical Integration

description: To comply with laws, regulations and social demands, polluting firms increasingly purchase the needed means from specialized suppliers. This paper analyzes this relatively recent phenomenon. We show how environmental regulation, the size of the output market, the elasticity of demand for abatement goods and services, and the fact that in-house and outsourced abatement expenses are substitutes or complements can influence a polluter’s make-or-buy decision. Specific features of abatement outsourcing are highlighted, qualifications and refinements of the theory of vertical integration are then proposed, and some consequences for environmental policy are briefly discussed.
Efficient generation of high-dimensional entanglement through multi-path downconversion
Creators: name: Hu, Xiao-Min
name: Xing, Wen-Bo
name: Liu, Bi-Heng
name: Huang, Yun-Feng
name: Li, Chuan-Feng
name: Guo, Guang-Can
name: Erker, Paul
name: Huber, Marcus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High-dimensional entanglement promises to greatly enhance the performance of quantum communication and enable quantum advantages unreachable by qubit entanglement. One of the great challenges, however, is the reliable production, distribution and local certification of high-dimensional sources of entanglement. In this article, we present an optical setup capable of producing quantum states with an exceptionally high-level of scalability, control and quality, that, together with novel certification techniques, achieve the highest amount of entanglement recorded so far. We showcase entanglement in $32$-spatial dimensions with record fidelity to the maximally entangled state ($F=0.933\pm0.001$) and introduce measurement efficient schemes to certify entanglement of formation ($E_{oF}=3.728\pm0.006$). Combined with the existing multi-core fibre technology, our results will lay a solid foundation for the construction of high-dimensional quantum networks.
description: 5+5 pages, 4 figures
The Morse-Witten complex via dynamical systems
Creators: name: Weber, Joa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 58-02 (Primary) 57R19 (Secondary)

description: Given a smooth closed manifold M, the Morse-Witten complex associated to a Morse function f and a Riemannian metric g on M consists of chain groups generated by the critical points of f and a boundary operator counting isolated flow lines of the negative gradient flow. Its homology reproduces singular homology of M. The geometric approach presented here was developed in [We-93] and is based on tools from hyperbolic dynamical systems. For instance, we apply the Grobman-Hartman theorem and the Lambda-Lemma (Inclination Lemma) to analyze compactness and define gluing for the moduli space of flow lines.
description: 38 pages, 17 figures, minor modifications and corrections
Additional file 1 of Fluid removal associates with better outcomes in critically ill patients receiving continuous renal replacement therapy: a cohort study
Creators: name: Hall, Anna
name: Crichton, Siobhan
name: Dixon, Alison
name: Skorniakov, Ilia
name: Kellum, John A.
name: Ostermann, Marlies
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1 : Table S1. Comparison between patients with cumulative fluid balance below and above the median at initiation of CRRT.
Governing a Common-Pool Resource in a Directed Network
Creators: name: Richefort, Lionel
name: Point, Patrick
name: Richefort, Lionel
name: Point, Patrick
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Common-pool Resource
subject: Digraph
subject: Cycle
subject: Independent Set
subject: Empirical Example

description: A local public-good game played on directed networks is analyzed. The model is motivated by one-way flows of hydrological influence between cities of a river basin that may shape the level of their contribution to the conservation of wetlands. It is shown that in many (but not all) directed networks, there exists an equilibrium, sometimes socially desirable, in which some stakeholders exert maximal effort and the others free ride. It is also shown that more directed links are not always better. Finally, the model is applied to the conservation of wetlands in the Gironde estuary (France).
Additional file 1 of Missed opportunities for NCD multimorbidity prevention in adolescents and youth living with HIV in urban South Africa
Creators: name: Kamkuemah, Monika
name: Blessings Gausi
name: Tolu Oni
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 1. contains detailed information on all data collected as part of the folder review process and definitions of variables used in the study.
Temporal variation of rotifer community in three climatic zones and their relationship with environmental factors
Creators: name: Qian, Fang-Ping
name: Wen, Xin-Li
name: Xi, Yi-Long
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Comparative analyses of rotifer community structure in freshwater lakes among different climatic zones are limited. In this study, six freshwater lakes located in warm temperate, subtropical and tropical zones were selected to investigate the annual dynamics of rotifer communities and their major driving factors. The results indicated that rotifer community structure did not exhibit significant seasonal variations. However, significant differences were observed among climatic zones. The species number and total density of rotifers were significantly higher in subtropical lakes than in lakes from other zones (p a content in the tropical lakes. Further analyses indicated that rotifer community structure was mainly affected by water temperature, trophic indices and pH in the warm temperate zone but by chlorophyll a content and Secchi depth in subtropical lakes. In addition, only the Simpson index was significantly associated with Secchi depth and pH in tropical lakes. Overall, these results indicated great differences in annual dynamics of rotifer communities and their driving factors among warm temperate, subtropical and tropical zones.
Can Fluffy Dust Alleviate the "Subsolar" Interstellar Abundance Problem?
Creators: name: Li, Aigen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: What might be the most appropriate set of interstellar reference abundances of chemical elements (both in gas and in dust) relative to hydrogen has been a subject of much discussion in the past decade. While historically the Sun has been taken as the reference standard, it has recently been suggested that the interstellar abundances might be better represented by those of B stars (because of their young ages) which are just ~60--70% of the widely adopted solar values (``subsolar''). On the other hand, the most recent estimates of the solar carbon and oxygen abundances are also close to those of B stars. If the interstellar abundances are indeed ``subsolar'' like B stars or the newly-determined solar C,O values, there might be a lack of raw material to form the dust to account for the interstellar extinction. In literature it has been argued that this problem could be solved if interstellar grains have a fluffy, porous structure since fluffy grains are more effective in absorbing and scattering optical and ultraviolet starlight than compact grains (on a per unit mass basis). However, we show in this work that, using the Kramers-Kronig relation, fluffy dust is not able to overcome the abundance shortage problem. A likely solution is that the abundances of refractory elements in stellar photospheres may under-represent the composition of the interstellar material from which stars are formed, resulting either from the possible underestimation of the degree of heavy-element settling in stellar atmospheres, or from the incomplete incorporation of heavy elements in stars during the star formation process.
description: 15 pages, 2 figures, 1 table. To appear in The Astrophysical Journal, vol. 622 (the April-01-2005 issue)
Thermal Instability in the CGM of $L_{\star}$ Galaxies: Testing "Precipitation" Models with the FIRE Simulations
Creators: name: Esmerian, Clarke J.
name: Kravtsov, Andrey V.
name: Hafen, Zachary
name: Faucher-Giguere, Claude-Andre
name: Quataert, Eliot
name: Stern, Jonathan
name: Keres, Dusan
name: Wetzel, Andrew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the thermodynamic state and cooling of the low-$z$ Circum-Galactic Medium (CGM) in five FIRE-2 galaxy formation simulations of Milky Way-mass galaxies. We find that the CGM in these simulations is generally multiphase and dynamic, with a wide spectrum of largely nonlinear density perturbations sourced by the accretion of gas from the Inter-Galactic Medium (IGM) and outflows from both the central and satellite galaxies. We investigate the origin of the multiphase structure of the CGM with a particle tracking analysis and find that most of the low entropy gas has cooled from the hot halo as a result of thermal instability triggered by these perturbations. The ratio of cooling to free-fall timescales $t_{\rm cool}/t_{\rm ff}$ in the hot component of the CGM spans a wide range $\sim 1-100$ at a given radius, but exhibits approximately constant median values $\sim 5-20$ at all radii $0.1 R_{\rm vir} < r < R_{\rm vir}$. These are similar to the $\approx 10-20$ value typically adopted as the thermal instability threshold in ``precipitation'' models of the ICM. Consequently, a one-dimensional model based on the assumption of a constant $t_{\rm cool}/t_{\rm ff}$ and hydrostatic equilibrium approximately reproduces the number density and entropy profiles of each simulation, but only if it assumes the metallicity profile and temperature boundary condition taken directly from the simulation. We explicitly show that the $t_{\rm cool}/t_{\rm ff}$ value of a gas parcel in the hot component of the CGM does not predict its probability of subsequently accreting onto the central galaxy. This suggests that the value of $t_{\rm cool}/t_{\rm ff}$ is a poor predictor of thermal stability in gaseous halos in which large-amplitude density perturbations are prevalent.
description: Updated to match published version. Note: a bug was found in the code used to create Figure 8 - corrected version strengthens conclusions of paper, which remain unchanged
Additional file 2 of Fluid removal associates with better outcomes in critically ill patients receiving continuous renal replacement therapy: a cohort study
Creators: name: Hall, Anna
name: Crichton, Siobhan
name: Dixon, Alison
name: Skorniakov, Ilia
name: Kellum, John A.
name: Ostermann, Marlies
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2 : Table S2. Comparison between prescribed fluid balance target and achieved net fluid balance.
A low-swing, wide-tuning-range CMOS phase-locked loop
Creators: name: Nouri, Neda
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Increasing demand for affordable high performance communication devices, in particular in mobile systems, is the driving force behind the development of high-speed, low cost, and low power circuits in CMOS technology. This is mainly due to the fact that CMOS process facilitates the integration of analog and digital circuits on the same chip. A major technique to reduce the power consumption in a CMOS chip is the use of low-swing signaling. Integrated phase-locked loops (PLLs) are versatile components used in many communication and control applications. In this thesis, the design of a low-swing, wide tuning range charge-pump PLL is presented. PLLs are the integral part of many communication and computing applications. The PLL is designed and simulated in a 0.18μm standard CMOS technology. Its frequency range of operation is from 1.14GHz to 2.25GHz. Almost all of the PLL internal signals are fully differential and low swing (IV peak-to-peak differential swing). To further reduce the power consumption of the PLL, the charge pump current of 15μA is used. The PLL operates from a single 1.8V supply while consuming 14.5mW. It remains functional if the supply voltage changes by ±10%. Due to the low-swing nature of the internal PLL signals, the magnitude of the induced noise on the power supply is small, less than 0.8mV.
Role of non-magnetic disorder on the stability of U(1) spin liquid : A renormalization group study
Creators: name: Kim, Ki-Seok
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently Hermele et. al claimed that the infrared (IR) fixed point of non-compact $QED_3$ is stable against instanton excitations in the limit of large flavors of massless Dirac fermions [cond-mat/0404751]. We investigate an effect of non-magnetic disorder on the deconfined quantum critical phase dubbed U(1) spin liquid ($U1SL$) in the context of quantum antiferromagnet. In the case of weak disorder the IR fixed point remains stable against the presence of both the instanton excitations and non-magnetic disorder and thus the $U1SL$ is sustained. In the case of strong disorder the IR fixed point becomes unstable against the disorder and the Anderson localization is expected to occur. We argue that in this case deconfinement of spinons does not occur since the Dirac fermion becomes massive owing to the localization.
Additional file 2 of Effects of an mHealth voice message service (mMitra) on maternal health knowledge and practices of low-income women in India: findings from a pseudo-randomized controlled trial
Creators: name: Murthy, Nirmala
name: Subhashini Chandrasekharan
name: Prakash, Muthu Perumal
name: Aakash Ganju
name: Peter, Joanne
name: Nadi Kaonga
name: Mechael, Patricia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2 Supplement 2. Time 2 (Post-Partum) Survey. Questionnaire SECOND INTERVIEW: Impact Evaluation of mMitra.
Extrapolation in Games of Coordination and Dominance Solvable Games
Creators: name: Mengel, Friederike
name: Sciubba, Emanuela
name: Mengel, Friederike
name: Sciubba, Emanuela
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Game Theory
subject: Learning
subject: Extrapolation

description: We study extrapolation between games in a laboratory experiment. Participants in our experiment first play either the dominance solvable guessing game or a Coordination version of the guessing game for five rounds. Afterwards they play a 3x3 normal form game for ten rounds with random matching which is either a game solvable through iterated elimination of dominated strategies (IEDS), a pure Coordination game or a Coordination game with pareto ranked equilibria. We find strong evidence that participants do extrapolate between games. Playing a strategically different game hurts compared to the control treatment where no guessing game is played before and in fact impedes convergence to Nash equilibrium in both the 3x3 IEDS and the Coordination games. Playing a strategically similar game before leads to faster convergence to Nash equilibrium in the second game. In the Coordination games some participants try to use the first game as a Coordination device. Our design and results allow us to conclude that participants do not only learn about the population and/or successful actions, but that they are also able to learn structural properties of the games.
Probabilistic storage and retrieval of qubit phase gates
Creators: name: Sedlák, Michal
name: Ziman, Mário
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Probabilistic storage and retrieval (PSR) of unitary quantum dynamics is possible with exponentially small failure probability with respect to the number of systems used as a quantum memory [PRL 122, 170502 (2019)]. Here we study improvements due to a priori knowledge about the unitary transformation to be stored. In particular, we study $N \rightarrow 1$ PSR of qubit phase gates, i.e. qubit rotations a round $Z$ axis with an unknown angle, and show that if we access the gate only $N$-times, the optimal probability of perfect retrieving of its single use is $N/(N+1)$. We propose a quantum circuit realization for the optimal protocol and show that programmable phase gate [PRL 88, 047905 (2002)] can be turned into $(2^k-1)\rightarrow 1$ optimal PSR of phase gates and requires only $k$ CNOT gates, while having exponentially small failure probability in $k$.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures
Can superhorizon perturbations drive the acceleration of the Universe?
Creators: name: Flanagan, Eanna E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has recently been suggested that the acceleration of the Universe can be explained as the backreaction effect of superhorizon perturbations using second order perturbation theory. If this mechanism is correct, it should also apply to a hypothetical, gedanken universe in which the subhorizon perturbations are absent. In such a gedanken universe it is possible to compute the deceleration parameter $q_0$ measured by comoving observers using local covariant Taylor expansions rather than using second order perturbation theory. The result indicates that second order corrections to $q_0$ are present, but shows that if $q_0$ is negative then its magnitude is constrained to be less than or of the order of the square of the peculiar velocity on Hubble scales today. We argue that since this quantity is constrained by observations to be small compared to unity, superhorizon perturbations cannot be responsible for the acceleration of the Universe.
description: revtex, 4 pages, no figures; final published version
Fabry-Perot resonance of water waves
Creators: name: Couston, Louis-Alexandre
name: Guo, Qiuchen
name: Chamanzar, Maysamreza
name: Alam, Mohammad-Reza
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that significant water wave amplification is obtained in a water resonator consisting of two spatially separated patches of small-amplitude sinusoidal corrugations on an otherwise flat seabed. The corrugations reflect the incident waves according to the so-called Bragg reflection mechanism, and the distance between the two sets controls whether the trapped reflected waves experience constructive or destructive interference within the resonator. The resulting amplification or suppression is enhanced with increasing number of ripples, and is most effective for specific resonator lengths and at the Bragg frequency, which is determined by the corrugation period. Our analysis draws on the analogous mechanism that occurs between two partially reflecting mirrors in optics, a phenomenon named after its discoverers Charles Fabry and Alfred Perot.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures, published in Phys. Rev. E 92, 043015
Financial Development and International Agricultural Trade: Is There A Connection?
Creators: name: Susanto, Dwi
name: Rosson, C. Parr
name: Susanto, Dwi
name: Rosson, C. Parr
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: International Development
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: agricultural trade
subject: binomial model
subject: financial reform
subject: gravity model

description: This study empirically investigates the possible link between financial development and international agricultural trade using binomial models of the gravity equations. Financial development is measured by a constructed financial reforms index. The results provide some evidence on the positive impacts of financial reform on agricultural exports. The results further indicate that countries with a greater degree of financial development as exhibited by advanced countries tend to have larger impacts on agricultural exports. Bilateral trade involving advanced countries has a larger magnitude of impacts of financial reforms on agricultural trade than those involving developing countries
A pilot project for indigenous forest reversion
Creators: name: Funk, Jason
name: Kerr, Suzi
name: Hendy, Joanna
name: Funk, Jason
name: Kerr, Suzi
name: Hendy, Joanna
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Crop Production/Industries
Environmental Economics and Policy
Farm Management
International Relations/Trade
Land Economics/Use

description: This paper describes preliminary work on establishing a pilot project for carbon sequestration. The project is intended to simulate the structure of the Permanent Forest Sinks Initiative, a program that may extend to the national level under the supervision of the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry. In the process of establishing the project, we will identify opportunities and barriers for landowners to engage in the management system of “carbon farming”. We will also use the results of the process to inform policymakers of potential improvements to the Permanent Forest Sinks Initiative and to demonstrate to landowners the benefits of this management system.
Adoption of Environmental Best Practice Amongst Dairy Farmers
Creators: name: Bewsell, Denise
name: Kaine, Geoff
name: Bewsell, Denise
name: Kaine, Geoff
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Farm Management
subject: Environment
subject: adoption
subject: dairy farms
subject: context

description: The adoption of environmental management practices is addressed in this paper. The use of consumer behaviour theory and a market research approach is discussed by describing how it was used in the study. Qualitative methods were used to gather data from dairy farmers in four New Zealand catchments. The environmental practices explored were; excluding stock from waterways, reducing phosphorus use, improving soil macroporosity, managing effluent and improving the efficiency of border-dyke irrigation. The findings are discussed, highlighting that farm contextual factors influenced farmers’ decision making in terms of adopting environmental management practices. The results suggest that environmental practices need to be linked to farm context. This should provide practical solutions that farmers’ will be more likely to adopt.
Strongly bounded groups and infinite powers of finite groups
Creators: name: de Cornulier, Yves
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20E15 (primary), 06E10, 20A15 (secondary)

description: We define a group as strongly bounded if every isometric action on a metric space has bounded orbits. This latter property is equivalent to the so-called uncountable strong cofinality, recently introduced by G. Bergman. Our main result is that G^I is strongly bounded when G is a finite, perfect group and I is any set. This strengthens a result of Koppelberg and Tits. We also prove that omega_1-existentially closed groups are strongly bounded.
description: 10 pages, no figure. Versions 1-3 were entitled "Uncountable groups with Property (FH)". To appear in Comm. Algebra
Measuring the stellar population parameters of the early-type galaxy NGC 3923 -- The challenging measurement of the initial mass function
Creators: name: Feldmeier-Krause, A.
name: Lonoce, I.
name: Freedman, W. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent studies of early-type galaxies have suggested that the initial mass function (IMF) slope is bottom-heavy, i.e. they contain a larger fraction of low-mass stars than the Milky Way. However, measurements of the IMF remain challenging in unresolved galaxies because features in their observed spectra are sensitive to a number of factors including the stellar age, metallicity, and elemental abundances, in addition to the IMF. In this paper, we use new high signal-to-noise IMACS (Magellan) spectra to study the elliptical shell galaxy NGC 3923 at optical (3700-6600 Angstrom), and near-infrared (7900-8500 Angstrom) wavelengths, as a function of radius. We have undertaken a number of independent approaches to better understand the uncertainties in our results. 1) We compare two different stellar population model libraries; 2) we undertake spectral index fitting as well as full spectral fitting; 3) we have performed simulations for which we a priori know the input IMF, and which closely match our data; 4) we also investigate the effects of including a two-component, rather than a single stellar population. We show that our results are sensitive to the assumptions we make and to the methods we use. In addition, we evaluate the accuracy and precision of our results based on simulated mock data. We find some indication (although assumption-dependent) for a bottom-heavy IMF in the mass-range 0.5-1.0 M_sun, while the IMF in the mass-range 0.08-0.5 M_sun appears to be Milky-Way like and constant. Including near-infrared data to our analysis gives consistent results, and improves the precision.
description: 24 pages (37 pages incl. Appendix), 12 Figures (21), 6 Tables (7) Accepted for publication in ApJ
Biological shape analysis with geometric statistics and learning
Creators: name: Utpala, Saiteja
name: Miolane, Nina
Publisher: name: Mathematisches Forschungsinstitut Oberwolfach
Year: 2022

description: The advances in biomedical imaging techniques have enabled us to access the 3D shapes of a variety of structures: organs, cells, proteins. Since biological shapes are related to physiological functions, shape data may hold the key to unlocking outstanding mysteries in biomedicine. This snapshot introduces the mathematical framework of geometric statistics and learning and its applications to biomedicine.
description: Snapshots of modern mathematics from Oberwolfach;2022-08
Jobs in the Eighties
Creators: name: Public Agenda Foundation
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2021

description: Labor union membership; political ideology; jobs: hours worked/week, type of job, full/part-time, type of business, self-employed/ hired, number supervised, other jobs, length of time at current job, number employed by organization, miles from home, number of vacation weeks; ratings of economic problems; reasons for slowdown in productivity growth; people today working harder/less hard than ten years ago; reasons why people aren't working as hard: management, labor unions, not challenging, don't see end result, don't respect authority in workplace, uniform raises, not afraid of being fired because spouse works, believe hard work doesn't pay off, supervision, too many outside interests, too much self-involvement, less need to show success, managers don't care about quality and efficiency; self working harder/less hard than ten years ago; who benefits from harder work; actual/desired aspects of job: salary, security, advancement, flexibility, physical environment,
Additional file 1 of Effects of an mHealth voice message service (mMitra) on maternal health knowledge and practices of low-income women in India: findings from a pseudo-randomized controlled trial
Creators: name: Murthy, Nirmala
name: Subhashini Chandrasekharan
name: Prakash, Muthu Perumal
name: Aakash Ganju
name: Peter, Joanne
name: Nadi Kaonga
name: Mechael, Patricia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1 Supplement 1. Time 1 (Baseline) Survey. Questionnaire FIRST INTERVIEW: Impact Evaluation of mMitra.
The adoption of market-based instruments for resource management: Three case studies
Creators: name: Sinner, Jim
name: Fenemor, Andrew
name: Palmer, James
name: Sinner, Jim
name: Fenemor, Andrew
name: Palmer, James
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Farm Management
subject: market-based instruments
subject: ITQ
subject: transferable water permits
subject: coastal occupation charges

description: Market-based instruments (MBIs) for resource management create financial incentives for people and businesses to use resources more efficiently, within a regulatory context designed to ensure that ecological, social and cultural objectives are also met. Three case studies were done to identify factors influencing the adoption or rejection of market-based instruments in New Zealand. Case studies included Individual Transferable Quota (ITQ) for New Zealand's inshore fisheries, Transferable Water Permits (TWPs) in Tasman District and Waikato Region, and charges for occupation of coastal space at both the national and regional levels in New Zealand. This paper provides a summary of findings from these case studies. These include: MBIs are difficult to implement if they threaten the position of existing users. It is important to have clear objectives. Norms and values can be an obstacle to MBIs, especially where they help to protect the interests of key stakeholders, but value-based opposition can be overcome if practical concerns are addressed.
A magneto-optical trap with millimeter ball lenses
Creators: name: Nichols, Cainan S.
name: Nofs, Leo M.
name: Viray, Michael A.
name: Ma, Lu
name: Paradis, Eric
name: Raithel, Georg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a magneto-optical trap (MOT) design based on millimeter ball lenses, contained within a metal cube of 0.75$^{\prime \prime}$ side length. We present evidence of trapping approximately $4.2\times 10^5$ of $^{85}$Rb atoms with a number density of $3.2\times 10^9$ atoms/cm$^{3}$ and a loading time of 1.3 s. Measurement and a kinetic laser-cooling model are used to characterize the atom trap design. The design provides several advantages over other types of MOTs: the laser power requirement is low, the small lens and cube sizes allow for miniaturization of MOT applications, and the lack of large-diameter optical beam pathways prevents external blackbody radiation from entering the trapping region.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures