cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Derivation of Two New Human Embryonic Stem Cell Lines from Nonviable Human Embryos
Creators: name: Gavrilov, Svetlana
name: Marolt, Darja
name: Douglas, Nataki C.
name: Prosser, Robert W.
name: Khalid, Imran
name: Sauer, Mark V.
name: Landry, Donald W.
name: Vunjak-Novakovic, Gordana
name: Papaioannou, Virginia E.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: Obstetrics
Gynecology
Biomedical engineering

description: We report the derivation and characterization of two new human embryonic stem cells (hESC) lines (CU1 and CU2) from embryos with an irreversible loss of integrated organismic function. In addition, we analyzed retrospective data of morphological progression from embryonic day (ED) 5 to ED6 for 2480 embryos not suitable for clinical use to assess grading criteria indicative of loss of viability on ED5. Our analysis indicated that a large proportion of in vitro fertilization (IVF) embryos not suitable for clinical use could be used for hESC derivation. Based on these combined findings, we propose that criteria commonly used in IVF clinics to determine optimal embryos for uterine transfer can be employed to predict the potential for hESC derivation from poor quality embryos without the destruction of vital human embryos.
Curriculum and Pedagogy to Integrate Occupational and Academic Instruction in the Community College: Implications for Faculty Development
Creators: name: Perin, Dolores
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2000
Subjects: Community college students--Education
Community colleges
Curriculum planning
Curriculum evaluation

description: This is a case study of curriculum and pedagogy used to integrate academic and occupational education in the community college. The study investigated classroom practices, views of integrated instruction on the part of staff and students, and professional development approaches. Thirty-three integrated classrooms in seven community colleges in four states were studied. Instruction was integrated either through linking courses, or infusing academic or occupational instruction in single courses. Two-thirds of the instructors applied a strong form of integration, and the majority of instructors combined teacher- and student-centered methods, contrary to the expectation that integrated instruction would be primarily student-centered. College faculty and administrators were highly concerned about students' need for improved academic skills, suggesting an overlap with the purposes of remedial education. At the same time, little explicit instruction in literacy or critical thinking skills was observed in occupational classrooms. A strong program of professional development combined with the support of senior administrators promoted sustainability. Several approaches to staff development had the potential to overcome faculty resistance to integrated instruction. Finally, despite much enthusiasm for academic-occupational integration, the study sites had almost no empirical evidence to offer. If integrated instruction is to be evaluated, it will be necessary to disentangle its effects from those of other good practices that tend to accompany it.
Soliton Instabilities and Vortex Streets Formation in a Polariton Quantum Fluid
Creators: name: Grosso, G.
name: Nardin, G.
name: Morier-Genoud, F.
name: Léger, Y.
name: Deveaud-Plédran, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Exciton-polaritons have been shown to be an optimal system in order to investigate the properties of bosonic quantum fluids. We report here on the observation of dark solitons in the wake of engineered circular obstacles and their decay into streets of quantized vortices. Our experiments provide a time-resolved access to the polariton phase and density, which allows for a quantitative study of instabilities of freely evolving polaritons. The decay of solitons is quantified and identified as an effect of disorder-induced transverse perturbations in the dissipative polariton gas.
The United Nations Depository Libraries Program as a de facto 'Open Community' evolving into a knowledge network
Creators: name: Grbac, Deborah
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: United Nations Depository Libraries Programme
Open access
Open education
Open Science

description: Transition to open access is changing how United Nations depository libraries are working to serve local communities (researchers and citizens) in accessing United Nations documents and publications. In doing so they are supported by the Dag Hammarskjöld Library at United Nations headquarters in New York, who, since 2015, is gradually changing the functioning of the system of depository libraries, born in 1947, into a knowledge network. Already during the Covid pandemic, it was possible to see the seeds of this evolution into what can be called a de facto ‘open community’, gathered around open access instruments like the United Nations Digital Library. Open education as free training on how to use United Nations digital instruments as electronic databases and Library catalogue, webinars and conferences on topics as misinformation, infodemics, green libraries, open science. Free consulting on how to download bibliographic data from the Digital Library and on how using data to discover contents into the Catalogue. Free materials as research guides on specific topics, for instance SDGs (Sustainable Development Goals) and promotional material on United Nations’ celebration days, put at disposal for reuse against simple quotation.
 Librarians at Depository libraries, who built their own knowledge in spending years in keeping in due order and cataloguing their collection on paper, are now called to improve their skills to give users new ways to access documents and publications. Always keeping the paper collection as the digitalization projects are still ongoing.
 After up to seventy-years of accumulated experience depository librarians are not only owners of cultural heritage, but promoters of this knowledge by the advocacy work they are doing inside the United Nations system of depository libraries on behalf of the United Nations, and by belonging to the greater United Nations system made of bodies, funds, programs, institutions and among them: libraries.
Data Sanitization: Improving the Forensic Utility of Anomaly Detection Systems
Creators: name: Cretu, Gabriela F.
name: Stavrou, Angelos
name: Stolfo, Salvatore
name: Keromytis, Angelos D.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2007
Subjects: Computer science

description: Anomaly Detection (AD) sensors have become an invaluable tool for forensic analysis and intrusion detection. Unfortunately, the detection accuracy of all learning-based ADs depends heavily on the quality of the training data, which is often poor, severely degrading their reliability as a protection and forensic analysis tool. In this paper, we propose extending the training phase of an AD to include a sanitization phase that aims to improve the quality of unlabeled training data by making them as "attack-free" and "regular" as possible in the absence of absolute ground truth. Our proposed scheme is agnostic to the underlying AD, boosting its performance based solely on training-data sanitization. Our approach is to generate multiple AD models for content-based AD sensors trained on small slices of the training data. These AD "micro-models" are used to test the training data, producing alerts for each training input. We employ voting techniques to determine which of these training items are likely attacks. Our preliminary results show that sanitization increases 0-day attack detection while maintaining a low false positive rate, increasing confidence to the AD alerts. We perform an initial characterization of the performance of our system when we deploy sanitized versus unsanitized AD systems in combination with expensive host-based attack-detection systems. Finally, we provide some preliminary evidence that our system incurs only an initial modest cost, which can be amortized over time during online operation.
Was macht ein Pizzabote auf dem Zauberberg?
Creators: name: Aschenbrenner, Anne
name: Huber, Sebastian
Publisher: name: Medienimpulse
Year: 2023

description: Digitale Angebote von Theater sind oft marketinggebtrieben oder beschränken sich auf Streamingangebote mit mehr oder weniger Einsatz von Technik. Am Wiener Burgtheater experimentiert man seit der Spielzeit 2019/20 mit neuen digitalen Erzählformen und kokreaktiven Formaten. Nun auch auf TikTok.
description: Medienimpulse, Bd. 61 Nr. 1 (2023): Medienpädagogische Entwürfe der Zukunft: Nachhaltigkeit, Zukunftsvisionen und Science-Fiction
Effect of uncertainties in stellar model parameters on estimated masses and radii of single stars
Creators: name: Basu, Sarbani
name: Verner, Graham A.
name: Chaplin, William J.
name: Elsworth, Yvonne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Accurate and precise values of radii and masses of stars are needed to correctly estimate properties of extrasolar planets. We examine the effect of uncertainties in stellar model parameters on estimates of the masses, radii and average densities of solar-type stars. We find that in the absence of seismic data on solar-like oscillations, stellar masses can be determined to a greater accuracy than either stellar radii or densities; but to get reasonably accurate results the effective temperature, log g and metallicity must be measured to high precision. When seismic data are available, stellar density is the most well determined property, followed by radius, with mass the least well determined property. Uncertainties in stellar convection, quantified in terms of uncertainties in the value of the mixing length parameter, cause the most significant errors in the estimates of stellar properties.
description: To appear in ApJ
Decoy Document Deployment for Effective Masquerade Attack Detection
Creators: name: Ben Salem, Malek
name: Stolfo, Salvatore
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: Computer science

description: Masquerade attacks pose a grave security problem that is a consequence of identity theft. Detecting masqueraders is very hard. Prior work has focused on profiling legitimate user behavior and detecting deviations from that normal behavior that could potentially signal an ongoing masquerade attack. Such approaches suffer from high false positive rates. Other work investigated the use of trap-based mechanisms as a means for detecting insider attacks in general. In this paper, we investigate the use of such trap-based mechanisms for the detection of masquerade at tacks. We evaluate the desirable properties of decoys deployed within a user's file space for detection. We investigate the trade-offs between these properties through two user studies, and propose recommendations for effective masquerade detection using decoy documents based on findings from our user studies.
Zukunftsvisionen zur Neuausrichtung von klassischen Kulturbetrieben
Creators: name: Karner, Magdalena Maria
Publisher: name: Medienimpulse
Year: 2023

description: Klassische Kulturbetriebe stehen vielfach vor der Herausforderung, dass sie die jungen Zielgruppen kaum erreichen. Daher wird in diesem Beitrag der Frage nachgegangen, wie es möglich ist das junge Publikum – dazu zählen hierbei die Generationen Y und Z – anzusprechen und sie als Besucher*innen zu gewinnen. Mittels leitfadengestützter Interviews werden zwanzig junge Menschen befragt und die vielfältigen Antworten hinsichtlich Besuchsgründe, -barrieren und Wünsche an klassische Kulturbetriebe analysiert. Die Forschungsergebnisse zeigen, dass ein lockerer Rahmen, zielgerichtete Information und das Wecken von Interesse, neben weiteren Aspekten wie der inhaltlichen Ausrichtung, gemeinschaftlich wahrnehmbarer Aktivitäten, Interaktion, Unterhaltung, Digitalität und Bildungsangeboten, besonders relevant sind. Anhand dieser Ergebnisse werden Handlungsempfehlungen für klassische Kulturbetriebe abgeleitet und vorgestellt.
description: Medienimpulse, Bd. 61 Nr. 1 (2023): Medienpädagogische Entwürfe der Zukunft: Nachhaltigkeit, Zukunftsvisionen und Science-Fiction
Additional file 2 of Predictive value of proteomic markers for advanced rectal cancer with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy
Creators: name: Wang, Hanyang
name: Ji, Dengbo
name: Tian, Huifang
name: Gao, Zhaoya
name: Song, Can
name: Jia, Jinying
name: Cui, Xinxin
name: Zhong, Lijun
name: Shen, Jing
name: Gu, Jin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2: Supplementary Figure 1. Sera levels of several proteins in response and resistant to nCRT groups of rectal cancer. (A-B) Scatter plots of baseline sera GELS and HEP2 concentrations obtained from pCR and non-pCR patients using the PRM. (C-D) Scatter plots of baseline sera GELS and HEP2 concentrations obtained from the responding and the non-responding patients using the PRM. (E-F) Scatter plots of post-nCRT sera HEP2 and APOH concentrations obtained from the responding and the non-respondingpatients using the PRM.
Numerical Study on Spin Torque Switching in Thermally Activated Region
Creators: name: Taniguchi, Tomohiro
name: Shibata, Mitsutoshi
name: Marthaler, Michael
name: Utsumi, Yasuhiro
name: Imamura, Hiroshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We studied the spin torque switching of the single free layer in the thermally activated region by numerically solving the Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation. We found that the temperature dependence of the switching time of the in-plane magnetized system is nonlinear, which means $b \neq 1$. Here, $b$ is the exponent of the current term in the switching rate formula and has been widely assumed to be unity. This result enables us to evaluate the thermal stability of spintronics devices.
description: 3 pages, 4 figures
Convection-Enhanced Delivery for Targeted Delivery of Antiglioma Agents: The Translational Experience
Creators: name: Yun, Jonathan
name: Rothrock, Robert J.
name: Canoll, Peter D.
name: Bruce, Jeffrey N.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Oncology
subject: Medicine
subject: Glioblastoma multiforme

description: Recent improvements in the understanding of glioblastoma (GBM) have allowed for increased ability to develop specific, targeted therapies. In parallel, however, there is a need for effective methods of delivery to circumvent the therapeutic obstacles presented by the blood-brain barrier and systemic side effects. The ideal delivery system should allow for adequate targeting of the tumor while minimizing systemic exposure, applicability across a wide range of potential therapies, and have existing safe and efficacious systems that allow for widespread application. Though many alternatives to systemic delivery have been developed, this paper will focus on our experience with convection-enhanced delivery (CED) and our focus on translating this technology from pre-clinical studies to the treatment of human GBM.
Reinterpreting the normal mode of submarine in archipelagic sea lane passage
Creators: name: Yoga, Pornomo Rovan Astri
name: Alverdian, I
Publisher: name: University of Wollongong
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 4803
subject: International and comparative law
classificationCode: 48
subject: Law and legal studies

description: Today, many experts of maritime powers take it for granted that a foreign submarine has the right of submerged passage in an archipelagic sea lane. By using the 1969 Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties (VCLT) as a tool of interpretation, this paper tries to decipher whether a submerged passage is permissible or not in archipelagic sea lane passage. This paper found that the submerging in an archipelagic sea lane passage is not a generally accepted interpretation of “normal mode” in Article 53 of the 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS). The writers discovered on one hand, the result of the travaux préparatoir means of interpretation appears to be in favor of the submerged passage being included within the meaning of “normal mode”. The textual interpretation, on the other hand, emphasizes the exclusion of submerged passage from both transit passage and archipelagic sea lane passage. In the case of an archipelagic sea lane passage, the exclusion of submerged passage weighs more than the transit passage. Therefore, based on VCLT 1969, which says that the textual interpretation takes precedence over the interpretation of travaux préparatoires, the submerged passage is not a widely accepted interpretation.
Narrow Band Halpha Photometry of the Super-Earth GJ 1214b with GTC/OSIRIS Tunable Filters
Creators: name: Murgas, F.
name: Palle, E.
name: Cabrera-Lavers, A.
name: Colon, K. D.
name: Martin, E. L.
name: Parviainen, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The super-earth planet GJ 1214b has recently been the focus of several studies, using the transit spectroscopy technique, trying to determine the nature of its atmosphere. Here we focus on the Halpha line as a tool to further restrict the nature of GJ1214's atmosphere. We used the Gran Telescopio Canarias (GTC) OSIRIS instrument to acquire narrow band photometry with tunable filters. With our observations, we were able to observe the primary transit of the super-Earth GJ 1214b in three bandpasses: two centered in the continuum around Halpha (653.5 nm and 662.0 nm) and one centered at the line core (656.3 nm). We measure the depth of the planetary transit at each wavelength interval.By fitting analytic models to the measured light curves we were able to compute the depth of the transit at the three bandpasses. Taking the difference in the computed planet to star radius ratio between the line and the comparison continuum filters, we find Delta (Rp/Rstar)_{Halpha-653.5} = (6.60 +/- 3.54) 10^-3 and Delta (Rp/Rstar)_{Halpha-662.0} = (3.30 +/- 3.61) 10^-3. Although the planet radius is found to be larger in the Halpha line than in the surrounding continuum, the quality of our observations and the sigma level of the differences (1.8 and 1.0, respectively) does not allow us to claim an Halpha excess in GJ1214's atmosphere. Further observations will be needed to resolve this issue.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A, language and typos corrected
Dalmatian pyrethrum spatial records quality from Croatian Open Databases
Creators: name: Varga, Filip
name: Grdiša, Martina
name: Nikolić, Toni
name: Guberović, Emanuel
name: Bosnić, Ivana
name: Welle Donker, Frederika
name: Šalamon, Dragica
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Tanacetum cinerariifolium
Flora Croatica Database
Croatian Plant Genetic Resources Database
accuracy
consistency

description: High quality data of botanical records, spatially and otherwise, can provide valuable information to researchers and government stakeholders in decision-making processes regarding species and habitat protection and sustainable use. Two plant databases were used as a source of records for assessment of spatial quality: Flora Croatica database (FCD) and Croatian Plant Genetic Resources Database (CPGRD). As the most extensive botanical database in Croatia, FCD comprises of herbarium collections, literature, and fieldwork observations aimed at nature protection, science, and educational use. CPGRD provides data on collection for conservation of national plant genetic resources in agricultural plant production and use. Dalmatian pyrethrum (Tanacetum cinerariifolium /Trevir./ Sch. Bip.) as an endemic and protected species with cultivation potential is an example of overlap in these two open databases. Records of Dalmatian pyrethrum were scored based on three categories of indicators: completeness, logical consistency, and positional accuracy. In total, 1042 records were identified (FCD: 901, CPGRD: 141) with 47 records found in both databases. Preliminary results indicate a high quality of Dalmatian pyrethrum spatial records scoring high on all three categories (completeness: 95.59%, logical consistency: 93.38% and positional accuracy: 95.78%). These findings open a possibility for linking the data from two different sectors while promoting constant quality improvements.
Knowledge Organization Research in the last two decades: 1988-2008
Creators: name: Ibekwe-Sanjuan, Fidelia
name: Sanjuan, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We apply an automatic topic mapping system to records of publications in knowledge organization published between 1988-2008. The data was collected from journals publishing articles in the KO field from Web of Science database (WoS). The results showed that while topics in the first decade (1988-1997) were more traditional, the second decade (1998-2008) was marked by a more technological orientation and by the appearance of more specialized topics driven by the pervasiveness of the Web environment.
How to impose stick boundary conditions in coarse-grained hydrodynamics of Brownian colloids and semi-flexible fiber rheology
Creators: name: Groot, Robert D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Long-range hydrodynamics between colloidal particles or fibers is modelled by the Fluid Particle Model. Two methods are considered to impose the fluid boundary conditions at colloidal surfaces. In the first method radial and transverse friction forces between particle and solvent are applied such that the correct friction and torque follows for moving or rotating particles. The force coefficients are calculated analytically and checked by numerical simulation. In the second method a collision rule is used between colloidal particle and solvent particle that imposes the stick boundary conditions exactly. The collision rule comprises a generalisation of the Lowe-Anderson thermostat to radial and transverse velocity differences.
description: 15 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in the Journal of Chemical Physics
TRIPLE, A European discovery platform for the SSH
Creators: name: Blotière, Emilie
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Open Science
SSH
discovery platform
co-design
user engagement
multidisciplinary
OPERAS
EOSC

description: Gotriple : the single entry point for the SSH into the EOSC
 The gotriple platform will be the discovery service of OPERAS, a research infrastructure that aims to coordinate and federate resources in Europe to efficiently address the scholarly communication needs of European researchers in SSH. Gotriple aims at developing new ways to conduct, connect and discover research and will offer a multilingual and multicultural solution for the discovery and the reuse of SSH resources. The platform will provide linked exploration thanks to a search engine specifically developed for the SSH and a variety of connected innovative tools (visualization, annotation, trust-building system, crowdfunding, social networks, and recommender system). It focuses on subject-specific and multilingual diversity on the one hand, and on the other hand, enables researchers to identify not only data but also other scientists and projects.

 The TRIPLE project is financed under the European H2020 program for a length of 42 months, involving 19 European partners from thirteen countries (universities, non-university research and infrastructure institutions, European infrastructures, publishers, SMEs). Based on a co-design approach, a user engagement community has developed since the first months of the project in order to involve researchers but also non-academic profiles in order to set up a service that corresponds both to the research community but also makes science more accessible to society by involving non-researchers and reinforcing the impact of research on socio-economic issues.
 In order to integrate the EOSC (European Open Science Cloud), SSH data are enriched and standardized to be FAIR and available in nine different languages. The metadata vocabulary is expanded on the basis of multilingual thesauri. The aim is to make it much easier for scientists, citizens, and business organizations to access scientific publications, data, data processing platforms, and data processing services and therefore to gain from Open Science.
Modified Chaplygin Gas and Solvable F-essence Cosmologies
Creators: name: Jamil, Mubasher
name: Myrzakulov, Yerlan
name: Razina, Olga
name: Myrzakulov, Ratbay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Modified Chaplygin Gas (MCG) model belongs to the class of a unified models of dark energy and dark matter. In this paper, we have modeled MCG in the framework of f-essence cosmology. By constructing an equation connecting the MCG and the f-essence, we solve it to obtain explicitly the pressure and energy density of MCG. As special cases, we obtain both positive and negative pressure solutions for suitable choices of free parameters. We also calculate the state parameter which describes the phantom crossing.
description: 12 pages, (Invited Review), accepted for publication in "Astrophysics and Space Science" DOI: 10.1007/s10509-011-0870-z
Climatically driven biogeographic provinces of Late Triassic tropical Pangea
Creators: name: Whiteside, Jessica H.
name: Grogan, Danielle S.
name: Olsen, Paul E.
name: Kent, Dennis V.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: Paleobiogeography
Triassic Geologic Period

description: Although continents were coalesced into the single landmass Pangea, Late Triassic terrestrial tetrapod assemblages are surprisingly provincial. In eastern North America, we show that assemblages dominated by traversodont cynodonts are restricted to a humid 6° equatorial swath that persisted for over 20 million years characterized by "semiprecessional" (approximately 10,000-y) climatic fluctuations reflected in stable carbon isotopes and sedimentary facies in lacustrine strata. More arid regions from 5-20°N preserve procolophonid-dominated faunal assemblages associated with a much stronger expression of approximately 20,000-y climatic cycles. In the absence of geographic barriers, we hypothesize that these variations in the climatic expression of astronomical forcing produced latitudinal climatic zones that sorted terrestrial vertebrate taxa, perhaps by excretory physiology, into distinct biogeographic provinces tracking latitude, not geographic position, as the proto-North American plate translated northward. Although the early Mesozoic is usually assumed to be characterized by globally distributed land animal communities due to of a lack of geographic barriers, strong provinciality was actually the norm, and nearly global communities were present only after times of massive ecological disruptions.
Bright single-photon sources in bottom-up tailored nanowires
Creators: name: Reimer, Michael E.
name: Bulgarini, Gabriele
name: Akopian, Nika
name: Hocevar, Moïra
name: Bavinck, Maaike Bouwes
name: Verheijen, Marcel A.
name: Bakkers, Erik P. A. M.
name: Kouwenhoven, Leo P.
name: Zwiller, Val
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ability to achieve near-unity light extraction efficiency is necessary for a truly deterministic single photon source. The most promising method to reach such high efficiencies is based on embedding single photon emitters in tapered photonic waveguides defined by top-down etching techniques. However, light extraction efficiencies in current top-down approaches are limited by fabrication imperfections and etching induced defects. The efficiency is further tempered by randomly positioned off-axis quantum emitters. Here, we present perfectly positioned single quantum dots on the axis of a tailored nanowire waveguide using bottom-up growth. In comparison to quantum dots in nanowires without waveguide, we demonstrate a 24-fold enhancement in the single photon flux, corresponding to a light extraction efficiency of 42 %. Such high efficiencies in one-dimensional nanowires are promising to transfer quantum information over large distances between remote stationary qubits using flying qubits within the same nanowire p-n junction.
description: 19 pages, 6 figures
Chile's outward FDI and its policy context
Creators: name: Razo, Carlos
name: Calderón, Álvaro
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: Managerial economics
Finance
Economics

description: Despite the recent financial and economic crisis, Chile's outward foreign direct investment (OFDI) in 2009 surpassed the record level of 2008, reflecting the strength of Chilean firms and the country's continuous commitment to integrate into the world economy. Two decades ago, Chile was an unlikely foreign direct investor. Today, even with no explicit policies to promote outward investment or the creation of national champions, Chile stands out as the third biggest investor of Latin America in absolute terms and as the first one in proportion to its GDP, even outperforming other emerging economies of similar size in other regions of the world.
Cholinergic receptor pathways involved in apoptosis, cell proliferation and neuronal differentiation
Creators: name: Resende, Rodrigo R.
name: Adhikari, Avishek
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2009
Subjects: Acetylcholine--Receptors
Intracellular calcium
Acetylcholine
Biochemistry

description: Acetylcholine (ACh) has been shown to modulate neuronal differentiation during early development. Both muscarinic and nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (AChRs) regulate a wide variety of physiological responses, including apoptosis, cellular proliferation and neuronal differentiation. However, the intracellular mechanisms underlying these effects of AChR signaling are not fully understood. It is known that activation of AChRs increase cellular proliferation and neurogenesis and that regulation of intracellular calcium through AChRs may underlie the many functions of ACh. Intriguingly, activation of diverse signaling molecules such as Ras-mitogen-activated protein kinase, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-Akt, protein kinase C and c-Src is modulated by AChRs. Here we discuss the roles of ACh in neuronal differentiation, cell proliferation and apoptosis. We also discuss the pathways involved in these processes, as well as the effects of novel endogenous AChRs agonists and strategies to enhance neuronal-differentiation of stem and neural progenitor cells. Further understanding of the intracellular mechanisms underlying AChR signaling may provide insights for novel therapeutic strategies, as abnormal AChR activity is present in many diseases.
Utopien für die (Medien-)Pädagogik?
Creators: name: Brown, Anna-Lena
Publisher: name: Medienimpulse
Year: 2023

description: Im vorliegenden Beitrag soll am Beispiel von Frank Herberts Roman Dune gezeigt werden, inwieweit Science Fiction uns mit Fragen im Spannungsfeld Mensch-Technologie-Umwelt jenseits von unhinterfragtem Techno-Optimismus oder -Pessimismus konfrontieren und damit als Reflexionsraum vor allem für ethische Fragen dienen kann. Der Beitrag nimmt dabei zunächst zentrale Fragen und Ideen der beiden Utopien des kritischen Posthumanismus sowie des Transhumanismus in den Blick und grenzt die beiden Strömungen gegeneinander ab. Danach wird explorierend danach gefragt, wie die (Medien-)Pädagogik an die vom kritischen Posthumanismus artikulierten Forderungen anknüpfen kann. Anschließend wird anhand einiger Beispiele gezeigt, wie mit Frank Herberts Roman Dune zentrale Ideen und Fragestellungen des kritischen Posthumanismus aufgegriffen und illustriert werden und damit ein dringender Appell an uns gerichtet wird.
description: Medienimpulse, Bd. 61 Nr. 1 (2023): Medienpädagogische Entwürfe der Zukunft: Nachhaltigkeit, Zukunftsvisionen und Science-Fiction
Circuit neuroscience: the road ahead
Creators: name: Yuste, Rafael
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Biology
subject: Medicine
subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: It is difficult to write about grand challenges in our field without pontificating or pretending to show a degree of certainty in assessing the field that I do not possess. I would rather comment on a few of the issues that particularly worry me. Therefore, this article is just a snapshot of our field now, as I see it, and encourage readers to read it as the opinion of just one of their colleagues. My comments are aimed at Circuit Neuroscience. What exactly is Circuit Neuroscience? As stated in the mission statement of Frontiers in Neural Circuits, I follow the definition of Circuit Neuroscience as the understanding of the computational function of neural circuits, linking this function with the circuit micro-structure. Within this field, I will address three different types of challenges: scientific, methodological and sociological ones.
An Open Book: launching a library-based open access books hosting service
Creators: name: Wojturska, Rebecca
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Diamond Open Access
Open Access
Library Publishing
Academic Publishing

description: With new Plan S policies, developing guidance around Open Access publishing for academic books –– including the proposed UKRI policy requirements for monographs – and with relatively high book processing charges (BPCs) from publishers, it is more important than ever for libraries to engage with open access book publishing to provide support for their academics and students. It is even more important to be transparent – an open book – about the process, so that we can foster an open community between libraries.

 The University of Edinburgh library is currently in the process of launching a books hosting service to support teaching and learning activities. The service will be free of charge to Edinburgh staff and students, and will enable them to publish textbooks, monographs and edited collections with full library support in the areas of hosting, technical support, indexing, policy development, best-practice guidance and workflow training. The service will launch in mid-2021 and we are keen to document and share our journey with the library community.

 My poster would give an indication of the successes and learning points of the project so far and provide recommendations and conclusions. The poster will also include some anecdotal evidence from academic and student users to document the successes of the project to date.

 The primary audience for this poster is the librarian who is beginning their own book hosting service, or who is considering it, as well as those interested in open book publishing.
Changes in the frequency and return level of high ozone pollution events over the eastern United States following emission controls
Creators: name: Rieder, Harald
name: Fiore, Arlene M.
name: Polvani, Lorenzo M.
name: Lamarque, Jean-Francois
name: Fang, Yuanyuan
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Atmospheric chemistry
Atmospheric ozone
Greenhouse gas mitigation
Air quality management

description: In order to quantify the impact of recent efforts to abate surface ozone (O3) pollution, we analyze changes in the frequency and return level of summertime (JJA) high surface O₃ events over the eastern United States (US) from 1988–1998 to 1999–2009. We apply methods from extreme value theory (EVT) to maximum daily 8-hour average ozone (MDA8 O₃) observed by the Clean Air Status and Trends Network (CASTNet) and define O₃ extremes as days on which MDA8 O₃ exceeds a threshold of 75 ppb (MDA8 O₃>75). Over the eastern US, we find that the number of summer days with MDA8 O₃>75 declined on average by about a factor of two from 1988–1998 to 1999–2009. The applied generalized Pareto distribution (GPD) fits the high tail of MDA8 O₃ much better than a Gaussian distribution and enables the derivation of probabilistic return levels (describing the probability of exceeding a value x within a time window T) for high O₃ pollution events. This new approach confirms the significant decline in both frequency and magnitude of high O₃ pollution events over the eastern US during recent years reported in prior studies. Our analysis of 1-yr and 5-yr return levels at each station demonstrates the strong impact of changes in air quality regulations and subsequent control measures (e.g., the 'NOₓ SIP Call'), as the 5-yr return levels of the period 1999–2009 correspond roughly to the 1-yr return levels of the earlier time period (1988–1998). Regionally, the return levels dropped between 1988–1998 and 1999–2009 by about 8 ppb in the Mid-Atlantic (MA) and Great Lakes (GL) regions, while the strongest decline, about 13 ppb, is observed in the Northeast (NE) region. Nearly all stations (21 out of 23) have 1-yr return levels well below 100 ppb and 5-yr return levels well below 110 ppb in 1999–2009. Decreases in eastern US O₃ pollution are largest after full implementation of the nitrogen oxide (NOₓ) reductions under the 'NOₓ SIP Call'. We conclude that the application of EVT methods provides a useful approach for quantifying return levels of high O₃ pollution in probabilistic terms, which may help to guide long-term air quality planning.
Sustainability, Neighborhoods, and Urban Design: A Holistic Approach to Place-making
Creators: name: Alinaghi Pour, Sara
Publisher: name: Environmental Design
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Architecture
subject: FOS: Civil engineering
subject: Urban Design
subject: urban planning
subject: Conceptual Framework
subject: Holism
subject: Integration
subject: Housing Sustainability
subject: Sustainability
subject: built environment
subject: Architecture
subject: Landscape Architecture
subject: Urban and Regional Planning
subject: FOS: Social and economic geography
subject: Engineering--Environmental
subject: Psychology--Developmental

description: The first and foremost goal for the present dissertation is to invent and introduce an interconnected policy model for sustainable urban planning by proposing holistic and integrated approaches that consider the whole system of planning together to achieve our goals. The overarching question is: How can we use the best possible approach to create great neighborhoods that are sustainable, livable, and complete? The design and planning process for creating complete communities requires critical understanding and analytical perspectives of both architectural aspects and urban planning visions. The construction and provision of different housing options, local businesses, and amenities to provide a resilient city is important. In such a city, there is a well-designed and well-functioning built form that supports health and public life with enough connections by bicycle, foot, public transit, and vehicle to all destinations, including local amenities, work places, learning centers, open spaces, recreation areas, and other services. With this purpose in mind, this project has used mixed research techniques (literature review, case studies, and embedded researcher experience) to investigate the research question. To validate the research results and propose a holistic model, the results of each case study have been tested and compared in the last pages of each case study chapter. This research claims that the effective elements in creating sustainable urban plans are repeated in different geographical locations (no matter in which continent they are located) with a variety of climatic situations, ethnicities, and cultural values among people. Specifically, research discoveries prove that different organizations need to collaborate with each other to provide a stronger and more robust sustainable city evolution for the future. Additionally, research shows that policy makers and planners as professionals have important roles in creating an integrated approach to urban planning, improving existing ideas, strengthening communication and collaboration among various sectors, and enhancing policy developments and implementations. The research findings are valid and hold promise for application in cities that desire to become sustainable (with more efficient use of resources) and to provide a compelling response to sustainability initiatives.
Behavior-Based Network Access Control: A Proof-of-Concept
Creators: name: Frias-Martinez, Vanessa
name: Stolfo, Salvatore
name: Keromytis, Angelos D.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2008
Subjects: Computer science
Computer networks--Access control
Intrusion detection systems (Computer security)

description: Current NAC technologies implement a pre-connect phase where the status of a device is checked against a set of policies before being granted access to a network, and a post-connect phase that examines whether the device complies with the policies that correspond to its role in the network. In order to enhance current NAC technologies, we propose a new architecture based on behaviors rather than roles or identity, where the policies are automatically learned and updated over time by the members of the network in order to adapt to behavioral changes of the devices. Behavior profiles may be presented as identity cards that can change over time. By incorporating an Anomaly Detector (AD) to the NAC server or to each of the hosts, their behavior profile is modeled and used to determine the type of behaviors that should be accepted within the network. These models constitute behavior-based policies. In our enhanced NAC architecture, global decisions are made using a group voting process. Each host's behavior profile is used to compute a partial decision for or against the acceptance of a new profile or traffic. The aggregation of these partial votes amounts to the model-group decision. This voting process makes the architecture more resilient to attacks. Even after accepting a certain percentage of malicious devices, the enhanced NAC is able to compute an adequate decision. We provide proof-of-concept experiments of our architecture using web traffic from our department network. Our results show that the model-group decision approach based on behavior profiles has a 99% detection rate of anomalous traffic with a false positive rate of only 0.005%. Furthermore, the architecture achieves short latencies for both the pre- and post-connect phases.
Reply to Comment by V. R. Shaginyan et al. on "Zeeman-Driven Lifshitz Transition: A Model for the Experimentally Observed Fermi-Surface Reconstruction in YbRh2Si2"
Creators: name: Hackl, Andreas
name: Vojta, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A reply to the comment by V. R. Shaginyan et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 107, 279701 (2011), arXiv:1206.5372] on our article [Phys. Rev. Lett. 106, 137002 (2011), arXiv:1012.0303].
description: 2 pages
title: Determinants of financial literacy and behavioural biases of young adults: the comparison of Bristol, UK and Istanbul
Creators: name: Akin, I
Publisher: name: Bath Spa University
Year: 2021

description: Financial literacy is defined as the combination of financial knowledge, financial behaviour and financial attitude and the ability to use this combination in financial decisions (OECD, 2015). A high level of financial well-being depends on individuals financial literacy level because a high financial literacy level increases the possibility of taking good financial decisions (Lusardi, 2010). However, financial literacy is not the only factor that affects taking accurate financial decisions; at the same time, behavioural biases should be considered. Behavioural biases are systematic errors that keep individuals away from rationality (Shefrin, 2002). The biases might cause unhelpful or even hurtful decisions. Therefore, a high level of behavioural biases negatively affects the financial well-being of individuals (Montier, 2007). In this research, the relationship between financial literacy and behavioural biases among young adults in Bristol, UK and Istanbul, Turkey was examined. A young adult can be defined as an individual within the age range of late teens or early twenties to thirties (Smith, 2018; OECD, 2019). The main aim of the research is to identify whether young adults can be prevented from behavioural biases by increasing their financial literacy. This research contributes to the literature by investigating the relationship between financial literacy and behavioural biases of young adults because this relationship has not been investigated adequately and also different target group have been examined in the literature. In the literature different components have been used in order to measure financial literacy. This research contributes to the literature by identifying the most important components of financial literacy. As a result of the investigation financial knowledge appears to be the most important factor. It also highlights the importance of the application of financial knowledge as another contribution. The critical point is that young adults may not improve their financial well-being unless financial knowledge is used in practices. Another contribution of this research is to reveal the most common behavioural biases among young adults in Bristol, UK and Istanbul. These biases among young adults in Bristol, UK, are over-optimism, anchoring, categorisation, conservatism while framing, cognitive dissonance, the illusion of knowledge, and cue competition in Istanbul. The relationship between financial literacy and behavioural biases was investigated via Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) and ANOVA analysis. The result of the research reveals that there is a positive relationship between financial literacy and behavioural biases. Therefore, a high level of financial literacy does not reduce behavioural biases.