cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Hilbert fluid dynamics equations expressed in Chapman-Enskog pressure tensor and heat current
Creators: name: Soderholm, Lars H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The connection between the Chapman-Enskog and Hilbert expansions is investigated in detail. In particular the fluid dynamics equations of any order in the Hilbert expansion are given in terms of the pressure tensor and heat current of the Chapman-Enskog expansion
Safe and Efficient siRNA Therapy using Nanosecond Laser and Electrical Pulses
Creators: name: Sundararajan, Raji
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 100708 Nanomaterials
subject: FOS: Nanotechnology

description: RNA interference (RNAi) is a natural phenomenon existing in plants, insects, and many mammals, involved in gene silencing or the inhibition of gene expression. Small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) could be used as potential tools to implement this process that could lead to treatments in diseases, such as cancer. However, the delivery of siRNA to eukaryotic cells is a challenge due to its lower cellular uptake and easy degradation by enzymes in blood, tissues, and cells. Nanosecond duration laser and electrical pulses-based siRNA delivery is an upcoming therapeutic tool to deliver various siRNAs, both in vitro and in vivo.
Photon or meson formation in $J/ψ$ decays into $p {\overline{p}}$
Creators: name: Dedonder, J. -P.
name: Loiseau, B.
name: Wycech, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The measurements of the $J/ψ\rightarrow γp \overline{p}$ decays by the BES Collaboration indicate an enhancement at the $p \overline{p}$ threshold which, however, is not present in the J/$ψ$ decays into $ωp \overline{p}$ and into $πp \overline{p}$. Here, two processes for describing the decays $J/ψ\rightarrow \mathcal{B} p \overline{p}$ where $\mathcal{B} = γ, ω$ are presented in some detail and the cases $\mathcal{B} =ϕ, π$ are briefly touched on. The first one, applied not only to the radiative decay to reproduce the threshold peak but also to the $ωp \overline{p}$ decay channel to improve the description of the spectrum, postulates a direct emission of the boson before the baryon pair is formed. The second process assumes that the boson $\mathcal{B}$ is emitted from the baryon pair following the $J/ψ$ decay and includes for the decays into $γp \overline{p}$ a final state nucleon-antinucleon interaction based on the Paris $N \overline{N}$ potential. The reproduction of the $p \overline{p}$ distribution in the $J/ψ\rightarrow ωp \overline{p}$ decays needs a final state interaction involving a $N(2050)\ 3/2^-$ resonance. The photon- and meson-emission rates are reproduced in a semi-quantitative way.
description: 37 pages, 5 tables and 10 figures. Extended discussions, one more figure and several references added
Seven Trees in One
Creators: name: Blass, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Following a remark of Lawvere, we explicitly exhibit a particularly elementary bijection between the set T of finite binary trees and the set T^7 of seven-tuples of such trees. "Particularly elementary" means that the application of the bijection to a seven-tuple of trees involves case distinctions only down to a fixed depth (namely four) in the given seven-tuple. We clarify how this and similar bijections are related to the free commutative semiring on one generator X subject to X=1+X^2. Finally, our main theorem is that the existence of particularly elementary bijections can be deduced from the provable existence, in intuitionistic type theory, of any bijections at all.
description: Version 2 has the same content as version 1 but improved formatting. The last line or two of each page will no longer be deleted
Dissipative hydrodynamics with higher-form symmetry
Creators: name: Armas, Jay
name: Gath, Jakob
name: Jain, Akash
name: Pedersen, Andreas Vigand
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A theory of parity-invariant dissipative fluids with $q$-form symmetry is formulated to first order in a derivative expansion. The fluid is anisotropic with symmetry $\text{SO}(D-1-q)\times\text{SO}(q)$ and carries dissolved $q$-dimensional charged objects that couple to a $(q+1)$-form background gauge field. The case $q=1$ for which the fluid carries string charge is related to magnetohydrodynamics in $D=4$ spacetime dimensions. We identify $q$+7 parity-even independent transport coefficients at first order in derivatives for $q>1$. In particular, compared to the $q=1$ case under the assumption of parity and charge conjugation invariance, fluids with $q>1$ are characterised by $q$ extra transport coefficients with the physical interpretation of shear viscosity in the $\text{SO}(q)$ sector and current resistivities. We discuss certain issues related to the existence of a hydrostatic sector for fluids with higher-form symmetry for any $q\ge1$. We extend these results in order to include an interface separating different fluid phases and study the dispersion relation of capillary waves finding clear signatures of anisotropy. The formalism developed here can be easily adapted to study hydrodynamics with multiple higher-form symmetries.
description: v2: 30 pages; presentation improved, typos fixed, to be published in JHEP
ReUse in der Bauwirtschaft
Creators: name: Alessandri, Lukas
name: Hostettler, Sascha
name: Nägelin, Jérôme
name: Sithampary, Saarugi
name: Wälchli, Thierry-Benoît
name: Wagener, Leona
Publisher: name: Hochschule für Architektur, Bau und Geomatik FHNW
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: ReUse
subject: Urban Mining
subject: Information Delivery Specifications (IDS)
subject: Künstliche Intelligenz (KI)
subject: 600 - Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften

description: Auf dem Areal von uptownBasel in Arlesheim entsteht ein Entwicklungs- und Produktionsstandort mit einer nachhaltigen Mehrgenerationenvision als zentrales Ziel der Planung. Im Rahmen des Integrationsprojektes IP4A werden individuelle Themenbereiche zu sozialen, integralen und technischen Aspekten der Kreislaufwirtschaft in Verbindung mit ReUse zur Steigerung der Nachhaltigkeit untersucht mit dem Ziel, Hürden und Chancen in diesen Themenfeldern zu identifizieren. Dadurch ist es gelungen, neue Kompetenzen in den genannten Bereichen zu erwerben, neue Ansätze, Bestrebungen und Teilergebnisse für eine zielgerichtete Anwendung von ReUse aufzuzeigen.
Global KdV Flows and Stable 2D Quantum Gravity
Creators: name: Johnson, Clifford V.
name: Morris, Tim R.
name: Wätterstam, Anders
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1992
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The string equation for the $[{\tilde P},Q]=Q$ formulation of non--perturbatively stable 2D quantum gravity coupled to the $(2m-1,2)$ models is studied. Global KdV flows between the appropriate solutions are considered as deformations of two compatible linear problems. It is demonstrated that the necessary conditions for such flows to exist are satisfied. A numerical study reveals such flows between the pole--free solutions of pure gravity ($m=2$), the Lee--Yang edge model ($m=3$) and topological gravity ($m=1$). We conjecture that this is the case for all of the $m$--critical models. As the $m=1$ solution is unique these global flows define a {\sl unique} solution for each $m$--critical model.
description: 11pp, 6 figs (not included, available by mail from authors), plain TEX
Optimization of surgical evaluation algorithms for living donor liver transplantation
Creators: name: Kupke, Paul
name: Schropp, Verena
name: Schurr, Leonhard A.
name: Dropco, Ivor
name: Kupke, Laura S.
name: Götz, Markus
name: Geissler, Edward K.
name: Schlitt, Hans J.
name: Werner, Jens M.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Complications, Evaluation algorithm, Living donor liver transplantation, Liver volumetry, Outcomes, Steatotic liver disease
subject: 610 Medizin

description: Background
Living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) is an established and endorsed alternative for deceased donor liver transplantation with better recipient outcomes. Nevertheless, while extensive evaluation of potential donors is crucial, evaluation algorithms differ between transplant centres and guidelines.
Methods
We included 317 individuals evaluated for LDLT between 07/2007–07/2022 in a retrospective analysis. The evaluation process was analysed to identify the key reasons for declining 77 potential donors. Additionally, 146 donors that underwent LDLT were analysed regarding risk factors for complications.
Results
The main reasons for donor refusal were liver volumetry (40.3 %) and metabolic factors including obesity or steatotic liver disease (20.8 %). Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) identified 63.6 % of all declined donors; CECT combined with assessment of medical history, physical examination, blood testing and ultrasonography, identified 87.0 % of declined potential donors. Associated with this selection, complication rates in donors were low (≥II in 17.1 %; none with ≥IVb). Notably, higher age was a risk factor for developing a complication ≥II after hemi-hepatectomy (p = 0.0373).
Conclusions
We propose a progressive 4-step evaluation algorithm that begins with a very basic assessment combined with up-front CECT. This early phase of testing is expected to identify nearly 90 % of ineligible donors, thereby conserving critical resources, time and money, as well as minimising burden for potential donors.
Three-dimensional Imaging for Large LArTPCs
Creators: name: Qian, Xin
name: Zhang, Chao
name: Viren, Brett
name: Diwan, Milind
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High-performance event reconstruction is critical for current and future massive liquid argon time projection chambers (LArTPCs) to realize their full scientific potential. LArTPCs with readout using wire planes provide a limited number of 2D projections. In general, without a pixel-type readout it is challenging to achieve unambiguous 3D event reconstruction. As a remedy, we present a novel 3D imaging method, Wire-Cell, which incorporates the charge and sparsity information in addition to the time and geometry through simple and robust mathematics. The resulting 3D image of ionization density provides an excellent starting point for further reconstruction and enables the true power of 3D tracking calorimetry in LArTPCs.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures
Current Advancements of the Smartphone - Based Point - Of - Carediagnosis
Creators: name: R, Sun
name: YC, Chang
name: LJ, Wang
name: L, Li
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 100708 Nanomaterials
subject: FOS: Nanotechnology

description: The recent advancement in smartphone technology has triggered a wide range of smartphone point-of-care (POC) technology especially for the application of biomedical diagnosis and environmental detections. Modern smartphones with powerful processors and the functional cameras have been considered as the best candidate for miniaturization of the analytical instruments. Smartphones integrated with micro fluidic chips or optical components are capable of detecting specific biomarkers, antigens or pathogens in situ. The merits of smartphone-based POC devices, including cost efficiency, on-site detection, instantly obtaining diagnostic results, and transmittable data, make it grooming in medical and environmental diagnosis, especially in remote areas and at home. Therefore, smartphone-based POC technology could achieve decentralizing laboratory tests which fastens turnaround time and let doctors timely treat patients. In this review, we focus on paper-based and liquidbased smartphone POC devices of recent years to overviews current advancements.
Exact C=1 Boundary Conformal Field Theories
Creators: name: Callan, Curtis G.
name: Klebanov, Igor R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a solution of the problem of a free massless scalar field on the half line interacting through a periodic potential on the boundary. For a critical value of the period, this system is a conformal field theory with a non-trivial and explicitly calculable S-matrix for scattering from the boundary. Unlike all other exactly solvable conformal field theories, it is non-rational ({\it i.e.} has infinitely many primary fields). It describes the critical behavior of a number of condensed matter systems, including dissipative quantum mechanics and of barriers in ``quantum wires''.
description: harvmac, 10 pages, PUPT-1432/IASSNS-HEP-93/78
Investigation of Natural Convection Boundary Layer Heat and Mass Transfer of MHD water-Al2 O3 Nanofluid in a Porous Medium
Creators: name: Sheikhzadeh G
name: Ghasemi H
name: Abbaszadeh M
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 100708 Nanomaterials
subject: FOS: Nanotechnology

description: In this study, a similarity solution is employed to investigate heat and mass transfer of water-Al2 O3 nanofluid near a vertical flat surface embedded in a non-Darcy porous medium and in the presence of a constant magnetic field. The wall is at constant temperature Tw and concentration Cw which are greater than the ambient temperature T∞ and concentration C∞, respectively. The effect of different parameters such as the Grashof number, Hartmann number, Soret number, Dufour number, Lewis number, Buoyancy number, mass flux and volume fraction of nanoparticles on flow field and heat and mass transfer are examined. The obtained results indicate that the temperature and concentration boundary layers become thicker when the mass flux parameter increases. Also, when the volume fraction and Buoyancy and Soret numbers increase, the heat transfer coefficient increases too. The Sherwood number decreases when the volume fraction of nanoparticles, Hartmann and Soret numbers augment.
Necessary and sufficient condition for quantum adiabaticity in a driven one-dimensional impurity-fluid system
Creators: name: Lychkovskiy, Oleg
name: Gamayun, Oleksandr
name: Cheianov, Vadim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study under what conditions the quantum adiabaticity is maintained in a closed many-body system consisting of a one-dimensional fluid and an impurity particle dragged through the latter by an external force. We employ an effective theory describing the low-energy sector of the system to derive the time dependence of the adiabaticity figure of merit -- the adiabatic fidelity. We find that in order to maintain adiabaticity in a large system the external force, $F_N$, should vanish with the system size, $N$, as $1/N$ or faster. This improves the necessary adiabatic condition $F_N=O(1/\log N)$ obtained for this system earlier [AIP Conf. Proc. 1936, 020024 (2018)]. Experimental implications of this result and its relation to the quasi-Bloch oscillations of the impurity are discussed.
Review of Nanomedicine
Creators: name: Bharghava A
name: Cheung J
name: Eshaghian-Wilner MM
name: W, Lee
name: Ravicz K
name: Schlesinger M
name: Shah Y
name: Uppal A
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 100708 Nanomaterials
subject: FOS: Nanotechnology

description: The field of nanomedicine holds vast potential for the improvement of health care around the world and the coming nanomedical revolution will surely bring innovative solutions to many of the difficulties we currently encounter in the realm of patient treatment. Nanomedicine is a relatively new field for scientific inquiry. It is defined as the use of nanoscale devices or materials to diagnose and cure diseases by actively interacting at the molecular level within a cellular system. In the context of nanotechnology, the “molecular level” refers to structures less than 100 nanometers in diameter. Given the breadth of this definition of nanomedicine, it can be narrowed and made more applicable when only those devices or medicines designed to function on the nanoscale are considered.
Multiscale Modeling for Material Phase Change Problems
Creators: name: S, Xiao
name: J, Ni
name: Y, Zhang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 100708 Nanomaterials
subject: FOS: Nanotechnology

description: A phase change is the transformation of a material from one phase or state of matter to another. It includes phase changes between solid, liquid and gaseous states of matter. Phase change problems, including melting and solidification, are very important in many engineering applications such as food freezing, metal processing, and solidification of castings. Numerical modeling has been one of important tools to study physical phenomena in phase change problems at various scales. Initially, the material phase change problems were studied at the macroscale, and the thermal diffusion equation was usually employed as one of governing equations:
Baryon-Strangeness correlations in Parton/Hadron transport model for Au + Au collisions at \sqrt{s_{NN}} = 200 GeV
Creators: name: Jin, F.
name: Ma, Y. G.
name: Ma, G. L.
name: Chen, J. H.
name: Zhang, S.
name: Cai, X. Z.
name: Huang, H. Z.
name: Tian, J.
name: Zhong, C.
name: Zuo, J. X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Baryon-strangeness correlation (C$_{BS}$) has been investigated with a multi-phase transport model (AMPT) in $^{197}$Au + $^{197}$Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 200 GeV. The centrality dependence of C$_{BS}$ is presented within the model, from partonic phase to hadronic matter. We find that the system still reserve partial predicted signatures of C$_{BS}$ after parton coalescence. But after hadronic rescattering, the predicted signatures will be obliterated completely. So it seems that both coalescence hadronization process and hadronic rescattering are responsible for the disappearance of the C$_{BS}$ signatures.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures; to appear in Proceeding of International Conference on "Strangeness in Quark Matter", 24 - 29 June 2007, Levoca, Slovakia (Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle Physics)
Coagulopathy Caused by the Main Anticoagulant Fractions of Echis carinatus Snake Venom on Blood
Creators: name: Salmanizadeh H
name: Zolfagharian H
name: Babaie M
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 100708 Nanomaterials
subject: FOS: Nanotechnology

description: Background: The venom of Viperidae snakes is a compound liquid rich in medicinally active proteins and peptides. It is an invasive weapon for preys immobilization, killing and digestion. Materials and Methods: With a combination of gel and ion exchange chromatography ten sub-fractions were isolated from the E.carinatus venom. Three sub-fractions as anticoagulant sub-fractions were then intravenously injected to mice. Blood sampling was taken before and after injecting these three sub-fractions. The PT, PTT and FT were recorded. Results: Comparison of the PT before and after injecting three sub-fractions, showed that the blood coagulation time after injection is more than the blood normal coagulation time and also more than the coagulation time after the crude venom injection. This coagulation time difference shows the intense coagulation activity of these sub-fractions which thus significantly decrease the rate of coagulation cascade activity and lead to slow blood coagulation. Conclusion: Comparison of the PT and PTT after injecting three sub-fractions with this test normal time respectively showed that the rate of the mice blood coagulation extrinsic and intrinsic system activity rate considerably decreases. By comparing the FT after injecting with this test normal time, coagulation cascade intense inactivation and the nonproduction of fibrin can be inferred.
Skew braces and the Galois correspondence for Hopf Galois structures
Creators: name: Childs, Lindsay N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 12F10

description: Let $L/K$ be a Galois extension of fields with Galois group $Γ$, and suppose $L/K$ is also an $H$-Hopf Galois extension. Using the recently uncovered connection between Hopf Galois structures and skew left braces, we introduce a method to quantify the failure of surjectivity of the Galois correspondence from subHopf algebras of $H$ to intermediate subfields of $L/K$, given by the Fundamental Theorem of Hopf Galois Theory. Suppose $L \otimes_K H = LN$ where $N \cong (G, \star)$. Then there exists a skew left brace $(G, \star, \circ)$ where $(G, \circ) \cong Γ$. We show that there is a bijective correspondence between intermediate fields $E$ between $K$ and $L$ and certain sub-skew left braces of $G$, which we call the $\circ$-stable subgroups of $(G, \star)$. Counting these subgroups and comparing that number with the number of subgroups of $Γ\cong (G, \circ)$ describes how far the Galois correspondence for the $H$-Hopf Galois structure is from being surjective. The method is illustrated by a variety of examples.
description: 22 pages, minor corrections, slight change in title, updated references. Submitted to J. Algebra
Calibrated, cosmological hydrodynamical simulations with variable IMFs I: Method and effect on global galaxy scaling relations
Creators: name: Barber, Christopher
name: Crain, Robert A.
name: Schaye, Joop
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recently inferred variations in the stellar initial mass function (IMF) among local high-mass early-type galaxies may require a reinterpretation of observations of galaxy populations and may have important consequences for the predictions of models of galaxy formation and evolution. We present a new pair of cosmological, hydrodynamical simulations based on the EAGLE model that self-consistently adopt an IMF that respectively becomes bottom- or top-heavy in high-pressure environments for individual star-forming gas particles. In such models, the excess stellar mass-to-light ($M/L$) ratio with respect to a reference IMF is increased due to an overabundance of low-mass dwarf stars or stellar remnants, respectively. Crucially, both pressure-dependent IMFs have been calibrated to reproduce the observed trends of increasing excess $M/L$ with central stellar velocity dispersion ($σ_e$) in early-type galaxies, while maintaining agreement with the observables used to calibrate the EAGLE model, namely the galaxy luminosity function, half-light radii of late-type galaxies, and black hole masses. We find that while the $M/L$ excess is a good measure of the IMF for low-mass slope variations, it depends strongly on the age of the stellar population for high-mass slope variations. The normalization of the [Mg/Fe]$-σ_e$ relation is decreased (increased) for bottom- (top-)heavy IMF variations, while the slope is not strongly affected. Bottom-heavy variations have little impact on galaxy metallicities, half-light radii of early-type galaxies, or star formation rates, while top-heavy variations significantly increase these quantities for high-mass galaxies, leading to tension with observations.
description: 23 pages, 13 figures (+ 6 pages, 6 figures of appendices). Accepted for publication in MNRAS. Simulation data will become publicly available upon publication. Relative to the previous version, we now include comparisons to the observed dwarf-to-giant ratios and ionizing flux in ETGs and star-forming galaxies, respectively
Covariant Quantization of d=4 Brink-Schwarz Superparticle with Lorentz Harmonics
Creators: name: Fedoruk, S.
name: Zima, V. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Covariant first and second quantization of the free d=4 massless superparticle are implemented with the introduction of purely gauge auxiliary spinor Lorentz harmonics. It is shown that the general solution of the condition of maslessness is a sum of two independent chiral superfields with each of them corresponding to finite superspin. A translationally covariant, in general bijective correspondence between harmonic and massless superfields is constructed. By calculation of the commutation function it is shown that in the considered approach only harmonic fields with correct connection between spin and statistics and with integer negative homogeneity index satisfy the microcausality condition. It is emphasized that harmonic fields that arise are reducible at integer points. The index spinor technique is used to describe infinite-component fields of finite spin; the equations of motion of such fields are obtained, and for them Weinberg's theorem on the connection between massless helicity particles and the type of nongauge field that describes them is generalized.
description: V2: 1 + 26 pages, published version
Graphene with geometrically induced vorticity
Creators: name: Pachos, Jiannis K.
name: Stone, Michael
name: Temme, Kristan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: At half filling, the electronic structure of graphene can be modelled by a pair of free two-dimensional Dirac fermions. We explicitly demonstrate that in the presence of a geometrically induced gauge field, an everywhere-real Kekule modulation of the hopping matrix elements can correspond to a non-real Higgs field with non-trivial vorticity. This provides a natural setting for fractionally charged vortices with localized zero modes. For fullerene-like molecules we employ the index theorem to demonstrate the existence of six low-lying states that do not depend strongly on the Kekule-induced mass gap.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, to appear in PRL
Error analysis of Nitsche's mortar method
Creators: name: Gustafsson, Tom
name: Stenberg, Rolf
name: Videman, Juha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65N30

description: Optimal a priori and a posteriori error estimates are derived for Nitsche's mortar finite elements. The analysis is based on the equivalence of the Nitsche's method and the stabilised mixed method. The Nitsche's method is defined so that it is robust with respect to large jumps in the material and mesh parameters over the interface. Numerical results demonstrate the robustness of the a posteriori estimators.
The decay ϕ-> f_0(980) γand the process e^+e^- -> ϕf_0(980)
Creators: name: Bystritskiy, Yu. M.
name: Volkov, M. K.
name: Kuraev, E. A.
name: Bartos, E.
name: Secansky, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The decay ϕ-> f_0(980) γand process e^+e^- -> ϕf_0(980) are considered within the local Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model. In the amplitudes of these processes contributions of s-quark and kaon loops are taken into account. The kaon loop gives a dominant contribution. Our estimation for the decay width of ϕ-> f_0 γis in satisfactory agreement with recent experimental data. This allows us to make some predictions for cross sections of the process e^+e^- -> γ^* -> ϕf_0 which can be tested in the C-τfactory. The total and differential cross sections of this process are calculated and presented in the figures.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures, some errors in formulae are corrected and a few references to new papers added
New Methods of Integration in Matrix Models
Creators: name: D'Adda, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1992
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss a new method of integration over matrix variables based on a suitable gauge choice in which the angular variables decouple from the eigenvalues at least for a class of two-matrix models. The calculation of correlation functions involving angular variables is simple in this gauge. Where the method is applicable it also gives an extremely simple proof of the classical integration formula used to reduce multi-matrix models to an integral over the eigenvalues.
description: (7 pages)
Additional clock transitions in neutral ytterbium bring new possibilities for testing physics beyond the Standard Model
Creators: name: Dzuba, V. A.
name: Flambaum, V. V.
name: Schiller, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the prospects of using transitions from the ytterbium ground state to metastable states $^3{\rm P}^{\rm o}_2$ at $E=19\,710.388~$cm$^{-1}$ and $4f^{13}5d6s^2\,(J=2)$ at $E=23\,188.518~$cm$^{-1}$ as clock transitions in an optical lattice clock. Having more than one clock transition in Yb could benefit the search for new physics beyond the Standard Model via studying the non-linearity of King's plot or the time-variation of the ratio of the frequencies of two clock transitions. We calculate the lifetime of the states, relevant transition amplitudes, systematic shifts, and the sensitivities of the clock transitions to a variation of the fine structure constant and to the gravitational potential. We find that both transitions can probably support ultra-high accuracy, similar to what is already achieved for the $^1$S$_0$ - $^3$P$^{\rm o}_0$ clock transition.
description: Extended version, 13 pages, 7 tables, 2 figures
Boron Nitride Nanotubes for Space Radiation Shielding
Creators: name: Ghazizadeh, Mahdi
name: Estevez, Joseph E.
name: Kelkar, Ajit D.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 100708 Nanomaterials
subject: FOS: Nanotechnology

description: Soon after Armstrong`s left foot touched the surface of the moon in July 21, 1969, Mars seemed to be the next target for any future human space explorations [1, 2]. Although during these forty five years, advances in different fields of science like materials, electronics and space resulted in regular presence of satellites, space explorers and even human in space stations but any long travel including mission to the Mars has been limited by space radiation due to its effect on materials, electronics and astronauts. Space radiation can cause degradation in structural materials, introduce noise in electronic system and impose threat to astronauts` health due to biological changes, which could result in diverse diseases like cancer. In order to overcome these challenges, space radiation must be controlled and maintained under the acceptable limits and this can be achieved by using different shielding materials. Although shielding materials used in space structures designs till date are effective in controlling the radiation for short travels, their use for long duration mission may not be adequate, either due to drastically increase in weight or ineffectiveness of the material for long term travel. Therefore, scientific community and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) have focused on finding new innovative radiation shielding materials for the future space explorations. This editorial presents an overview of one of such promising materials viz. Boron Nitride Nanotubes as a future space radiation shielding material.
Crystallization of Amorphous Iron Nanoparticles by Means of Molecular Dynamics Simulation Research Article
Creators: name: HV, Hue
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 100708 Nanomaterials
subject: FOS: Nanotechnology

description: Method of molecular dynamics (MD) simulation was applied to study the crystallization of the amorphous iron nanoparticles. The research sample is a sphere with a radius of 32.5Å under free boundary conditions. The mechanism of the crystallization occurred due to variation of structure and thermodynamic properties during the entire process. We've found that when the samples were heated to 900K and annealed through 3×106 ÷ 107 MD steps, the crystalline nucleation is formed and grew up; and it leads to a shift from amorphous to crystalline to form bcc structure. Crystalline form consists of two parts: a core with crystalline structure and a surface with amorphous structure. A detailed analysis reveals that the nucleation proceeds in a middle spherical layer. After that the crystal cluster grows firstly forward to the center of nanoparticle, and then it spreads to the surface. In the case when the sample is annealed at 300 K, we found small nuclei nearby the surface of nanoparticle. However, these nuclei cannot grow to a large size and the sample remains amorphous form for long annealing times.
title: 03_0410
Creators: name: Wesley Baldwin, John
name: Baldwin, John W.
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: L'ensemble de ces notes ont été crée par John Baldwin lors d'une de ses premières périodes de résidence à Paris. Ces documents comprennent tous les magistri qu’il avait pu rencontrer dans ses sources. Aux XIIème et XIIIème siècles, les universités n'existant pas encore, le titre de magister s'il évoque certainement une compétence n'est pas rattaché de façon systématique au passage par les écoles. De surcroît, les magistris sont le plus souvent désignés par leur seul prénom. La lecture de ces données est donc difficile et suppose un long travail pour tenter d'identifier un individu auquel on pourrait rattacher plusieurs mentions. John Baldwin avait donc renoncé à utiliser ces données pour donner un prolongement à sa magnifique étude sur les gradués d'université et leur emploi par les Capétiens et les Plantagenêts. Néanmoins, il a conservé ces données et elles sont potentiellement très utile dans le cadre de Studium, comme le sont toutes les mentions dans les volumes des Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae de chanoines portant ce titre de magister sans autres précisions. L'ampleur des dépouillements rend ces données très utiles et nous devons une grande reconnaissance à John Baldwin pour avoir pris la peine de faire photocopier ses fiches et de nous les avoir transmises amicalement.
Les données ainsi que les images des fiches sont accessibles sur le site Internet à l'adresse suivante : http://studium-baldwin.lamop.fr/.
Les transcriptions des fiches ont été effectuées par des étudiants de Paris 1 Panthéon - Sorbonne mais elles n'ont pas été corrigées par la suite.
description: Relation: https://lamop.hypotheses.org/
'Free-Space' Photonic Quantum Link and Chiral Quantum Optics
Creators: name: Grankin, A.
name: Guimond, P. O.
name: Vasilyev, D. V.
name: Vermersch, B.
name: Zoller, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the design of a chiral photonic quantum link, where distant atoms interact by exchanging photons propagating in a single direction in free-space. This is achieved by coupling each atom in a laser-assisted process to an atomic array acting as a quantum phased-array antenna. This provides a basic building block for quantum networks in free space, i.e. without requiring cavities or nanostructures, which we illustrate with high-fidelity quantum state transfer protocols. Our setup can be implemented with neutral atoms using Rydberg-dressed interactions.
description: 18 pages, 5 figures
Detecting Ultrasound Vibrations by Graphene Resonators
Creators: name: Verbiest, G. J.
name: Kirchhof, J. N.
name: Sonntag, J.
name: Goldsche, M.
name: Khodkov, T.
name: Stampfer, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ultrasound detection is one of the most important nondestructive subsurface characterization tools of materials, whose goal is to laterally resolve the subsurface structure with nanometer or even atomic resolution. In recent years, graphene resonators attracted attention as loudspeaker and ultrasound radio, showing its potential to realize communication systems with air-carried ultrasound. Here we show a graphene resonator that detects ultrasound vibrations propagating through the substrate on which it was fabricated. We achieve ultimately a resolution of $\approx7$~pm/$\mathrm{\sqrt Hz}$ in ultrasound amplitude at frequencies up to 100~MHz. Thanks to an extremely high nonlinearity in the mechanical restoring force, the resonance frequency itself can also be used for ultrasound detection. We observe a shift of 120~kHz at a resonance frequency of 65~MHz for an induced vibration amplitude of 100~pm with a resolution of 25~pm. Remarkably, the nonlinearity also explains the generally observed asymmetry in the resonance frequency tuning of the resonator when pulled upon with an electrostatic gate. This work puts forward a sensor design that fits onto an atomic force microscope cantilever and therefore promises direct ultrasound detection at the nanoscale for nondestructive subsurface characterization.
description: 18 pages, 12 figures, 1 table
Revisit of cosmic ray antiprotons from dark matter annihilation with updated constraints on the background model from AMS-02 and collider data
Creators: name: Cui, Ming-Yang
name: Pan, Xu
name: Yuan, Qiang
name: Fan, Yi-Zhong
name: Zong, Hong-Shi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the cosmic ray antiprotons with updated constraints on the propagation, proton injection, and solar modulation parameters based on the newest AMS-02 data near the Earth and Voyager data in the local interstellar space, and on the cross section of antiproton production due to proton-proton collisions based on new collider data. We use a Bayesian approach to properly consider the uncertainties of the model predictions of both the background and the dark matter (DM) annihilation components of antiprotons. We find that including an extra component of antiprotons from the annihilation of DM particles into a pair of quarks can improve the fit to the AMS-02 antiproton data considerably. The favored mass of DM particles is about $60\sim100$ GeV, and the annihilation cross section is just at the level of the thermal production of DM ($\langleσv\rangle \sim O(10^{-26})$ cm$^3$~s$^{-1}$).
description: 15 pages, 5 figures and 1 table; JCAP accepted version
Constructing CP-Odd Observables
Creators: name: Valencia, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In these lectures we review the general features necessary to construct $\cp$ odd observables and study illustrative examples. We present in some detail the case of $\cp$ violation in hyperon decays. We survey different observables sensitive to $\cp$ violating new physics, concentrating on the search for electric-dipole moments in high energy experiments.
description: Lectures given at the 1994 TASI summer school, Boulder, Colorado. Obsolete macros replaced
The FABLE simulations: A feedback model for galaxies, groups and clusters
Creators: name: Henden, Nicholas A.
name: Puchwein, Ewald
name: Shen, Sijing
name: Sijacki, Debora
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the Feedback Acting on Baryons in Large-scale Environments (FABLE) suite of cosmological hydrodynamical simulations of galaxies, groups and clusters. The simulations use the AREPO moving-mesh code with a set of physical models for galaxy formation based on the successful Illustris simulation, but with updated AGN and supernovae feedback models. This allows us to simultaneously reproduce the observed redshift evolution of the galaxy stellar mass function together with the stellar and gas mass fractions of local groups and clusters across a wide range of halo masses. Focusing on the properties of groups and clusters, we find very good agreement with a range of observed scaling relations, including the X-ray luminosity--total mass and gas mass relations as well as the total mass--temperature and Sunyaev-Zel'dovich flux--mass relations. Careful comparison of our results with scaling relations based on X-ray hydrostatic masses as opposed to weak lensing-derived masses reveals some discrepancies, which hint towards a non-negligible X-ray mass bias in observed samples. We further show that radial profiles of density, pressure and temperature of the simulated intracluster medium are in very good agreement with observations, in particular for $r > 0.3\ r_{500}$. In the innermost regions however we find too large entropy cores, which indicates that a more sophisticated modelling of the physics of AGN feedback may be required to accurately reproduce the observed populations of cool-core and non-cool-core clusters.
description: 31 pages, 20 figures, 2 appendices; MNRAS accepted
Efficiency Enhancement of Solar Cell Using Metamaterials
Creators: name: El-Amassi, Dena M.
name: El-Khozondar, Hala J.
name: Shabat, Mohammed M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 100708 Nanomaterials
subject: FOS: Nanotechnology

description: In this work, Photovoltaic (PV) cell model with high absorption efficiency is introduced. The proposed four layer PV cell model consists of antireflection coating (ARC) layer on glass based and covered by metamaterial (MTM) bounded by air. The effect of the refractive index of MTM as well as the effect of the incident angle on the reflectance are considered. Results showed that the reflectance of the PV can be controlled by changing the reflectance index of MTM as well changing the incident angle.
Friction Variability in Planar Pushing Data: Anisotropic Friction and Data-collection Bias
Creators: name: Ma, Daolin
name: Rodriguez, Alberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 70F40

description: Friction plays a key role in manipulating objects. Most of what we do with our hands, and most of what robots do with their grippers, is based on the ability to control frictional forces. This paper aims to better understand the variability and predictability of planar friction. In particular, we focus on the analysis of a recent dataset on planar pushing by Yu et al. [1] devised to create a data-driven footprint of planar friction. We show in this paper how we can explain a significant fraction of the observed unconventional phenomena, e.g., stochasticity and multi-modality, by combining the effects of material non-homogeneity, anisotropy of friction and biases due to data collection dynamics, hinting that the variability is explainable but inevitable in practice. We introduce an anisotropic friction model and conduct simulation experiments comparing with more standard isotropic friction models. The anisotropic friction between object and supporting surface results in convergence of initial condition during the automated data collection. Numerical results confirm that the anisotropic friction model explains the bias in the dataset and the apparent stochasticity in the outcome of a push. The fact that the data collection process itself can originate biases in the collected datasets, resulting in deterioration of trained models, calls attention to the data collection dynamics.
description: 8 pages, 13 figures
Additional file 1: of Facultative methanotrophs are abundant at terrestrial natural gas seeps
Creators: name: Haque, Muhammad Farhan Ul
name: Crombie, Andrew
name: Ensminger, Scott
name: Calin Baciu
name: J. Colin Murrell
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology

description: Supplementary information. (PDF 1546Â kb)
Additional file 8: of Signatures of ecological processes in microbial community time series
Creators: name: Faust, Karoline
name: Bauchinger, Franziska
name: BĂŠatrice Laroche
name: Buyl, Sophie De
name: Lahti, Leo
name: Washburne, Alex
name: Gonze, Didier
name: Widder, Stefanie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Computational Biology

description: Figure S6. The test for temporal structure with noise types is robust to noise. (a) Noise-type profile in the presence of noise generated with the Poisson distribution for each species and each sample. (b) Noise-type distribution in the presence of noise generated with the multinomial distribution for each sample. Labels for time series are colored according to the level of non-zero intrinsic noise (sigma) for Ricker, according to the death rate if larger than one for Hubbell, according to the interval if larger than one (with interval coloring taking precedence over sigma) and black otherwise. (PDF 8 kb)
Additional file 9: of Signatures of ecological processes in microbial community time series
Creators: name: Faust, Karoline
name: Bauchinger, Franziska
name: BĂŠatrice Laroche
name: Buyl, Sophie De
name: Lahti, Leo
name: Washburne, Alex
name: Gonze, Didier
name: Widder, Stefanie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Figure S7. Increasing the time series length improves the accuracy of the test for temporal structure. Noise types were computed for time series sub-sets from 1000 to 1010 (a) and 1000 to 1025 (b) for all data sets with more than 1000 time points. Labels for time series are colored according to the level of non-zero intrinsic noise (sigma) for Ricker, according to the death rate if larger than one for Hubbell, according to the interval if larger than one (with interval coloring taking precedence over sigma) and black otherwise. (PDF 8 kb)