cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Efficient propagation of the polarization from laser photons to positrons through Compton scattering and electron-positron pair creation
Creators: name: Omori, T.
name: Fukuda, M.
name: Hirose, T.
name: Kurihara, Y.
name: Kuroda, R.
name: Nomura, M.
name: Ohashi, A.
name: Okugi, T.
name: Sakaue, K.
name: Saito, T.
name: Urakawa, J.
name: Washio, M.
name: Yamazaki, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrated for the first time the production of highly polarized short-pulse positrons with a finite energy spread in accordance with a new scheme that consists of two-quantum processes, such as inverse Compton scatterings and electron-positron pair creations. Using a circularly polarized laser beam of 532 nm scattered off a high-quality electron beam with the energy of 1.28 GeV, we obtained polarized positrons with an intensity of 10^4 e+/bunch. Magnitude of positron polarizations was determined as 73+-15(sta) +-19(sys)% by means of a newly designed positron polarimeter.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures
In-beam tests of a new ToF wall for the R$^3$B setup
Creators: name: Heil, M.
name: Kelic-Heil, A.
name: Caesar, C.
name: Frühauf, J.
name: Gilbert, M.
name: Glorius, J.
name: Heine, M.
name: Hoffmann, J.
name: Koch, K.
name: Körper, D.
name: Kurz, Nikolaus
name: Löher, B.
name: Plag, R.
name: Simon, H.
name: Thies, R.
name: Ugur, C.
name: Törnqvist, H.
Publisher: name: GSI Helmholtzzentrum fuer Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt
Year: 2015
Subjects: Physics

description: GSI Scientific Report 2014 - GSI Report 2015-1
Exploring Early Dark Energy solution to the Hubble tension with Planck and SPTPol data
Creators: name: Chudaykin, Anton
name: Gorbunov, Dmitry
name: Nedelko, Nikita
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A promising idea to resolve the long standing Hubble tension is to postulate a new subdominant dark-energy-like component in the pre-recombination Universe which is traditionally termed as the Early Dark Energy (EDE). However, as shown in Refs. \cite{Hill:2020osr,Ivanov:2020ril} the cosmic microwave background (CMB) and large-scale structure (LSS) data impose tight constraints on this proposal. Here, we revisit these strong bounds considering the Planck CMB temperature anisotropy data at large angular scales and the SPTPol polarization and lensing measurements. As advocated in Ref. \cite{Chudaykin:2020acu}, this combined data approach predicts the CMB lensing effect consistent with the $Λ$CDM expectation and allows one to efficiently probe both large and small angular scales. Combining Planck and SPTPol CMB data with the full-shape BOSS likelihood and information from photometric LSS surveys in the EDE analysis we found for the Hubble constant $H_0=69.79\pm0.99\,{\rm km\,s^{-1}Mpc^{-1}}$ and for the EDE fraction $f_{\rm EDE}<0.094\,(2σ)$. These bounds obtained without including a local distance ladder measurement of $H_0$ (SH0ES) alleviate the Hubble tension to a $2.5σ$ level. Including further the SH0ES data we obtain $H_0=71.81\pm1.19\,{\rm km\,s^{-1}Mpc^{-1}}$ and $f_{\rm EDE}=0.088\pm0.034$ in full accordance with SH0ES. We also found that a higher value of $H_0$ does not significantly deteriorate the fit to the LSS data. Overall, the EDE scenario is (though weakly) favoured over $Λ$CDM even after accounting for unconstrained directions in the cosmological parameter space. We conclude that the large-scale Planck temperature and SPTPol polarization measurements along with LSS data do not rule out the EDE model as a resolution of the Hubble tension. This paper underlines the importance of the CMB lensing effect for robust constraints on the EDE scenario.
description: 14+3 pages, 2+1 figures, 4 tables; v2: Appendix A added, matched version accepted by Phys. Rev. D
FPGA based multi-channel TDC development
Creators: name: Ugur, C.
name: Frühauf, J.
name: Hoffmann, J.
name: Traxler, M.
Publisher: name: GSI Helmholtzzentrum fuer Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt
Year: 2015
Subjects: Physics

description: GSI Scientific Report 2014 - GSI Report 2015-1
Black-hole solution in nonlinear electrodynamics with the maximum allowable symmetries
Creators: name: Amirabi, Z.
name: Mazharimousavi, S. Habib
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nonlinear Maxwell Lagrangian preserving both conformal and SO(2) duality-rotation invariance has been introduced very recently. Here, in the context of Einstein's theory of gravity minimally coupled with this nonlinear electrodynamics, we obtain a black hole solution which is the Reissner-Nordström black hole with one additional parameter that is coming from the nonlinear theory. We employ the causality and unitarity principles to identify an upper bound for this free parameter. The effects of this parameter on the physical properties of the black hole solution are investigated.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures, revised version
Coulomb Promotion of Spin-Dependent Tunnelling
Creators: name: Gorelik, L. Y.
name: Kulinich, S. I.
name: Shekhter, R. I.
name: Jonson, M.
name: Vinokur, V. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study transport of spin-polarized electrons through a magnetic single-electron transistor (SET) in the presence of an external magnetic field. Assuming the SET to have a nanometer size central island with a single electron level we find that the interplay on the island between coherent spin-flip dynamics and Coulomb interactions can make the Coulomb correlations promote rather than suppress the current through the device. We find the criteria for this new phenomenon -- Coulomb promotion of spin-dependent tunnelling -- to occur.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures; The new version has a slightly modified title, 2 more figures, and an extended analysis of the (same) results obtained
Enhanced angular overlap model for f-electron non-metallic systems
Creators: name: Gajek, Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An efficient method of interpretation of the crystal field effect in non-metallic f-electron systems, the {\it enhanced angular overlap model} (EAOM), is presented. The method is established on the ground of perturbation expansion of the effective Hamiltonian for localized electrons and first principles calculations related to available experimental data. Series of actinide compounds, $An$O$_2$, oxychalcogenides, $An$O$X$ and dichalcogenides U$X_2$ where $X$ = S, Se, Te and $An$ = U, Np serve as a probe of effectiveness of the proposed method. An idea is to enhance the usual angular overlap model with {\it ab initio} calculations of those contributions to the crystal field potential, which cannot be represented by the usual angular overlap model (AOM). The enhancement leads to an improved fitting and makes the approach intrinsically coherent. In addition, the {\it ab initio} calculations of the main, AOM-consistent part of the crystal field potential allows one to fix the material-specific relations for the EAOM parameters in the effective Hamiltonian. In consequence, the electronic structure interpretation based on EAOM can be extended to the systems of the lowest point symmetries or/and deficient experimental data. Several examples illustrating the promising capabilities of EAOM are given.
description: 14 pages, 5 figures, Phys. Rev. B (to be published)
MPPC readout of plastic scintillators
Creators: name: Lasko, P.
name: Brzychczyk, J.
name: Lukasik, J.
name: Pawlowski, P.
name: Schuy, C.
name: Snoch, A.
name: Sosin, Z.
name: Trautmann, C.
name: Trautmann, W.
name: Tsang, M. B.
name: Voss, K.
Publisher: name: GSI Helmholtzzentrum fuer Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt
Year: 2015
Subjects: Physics

description: GSI Scientific Report 2014 - GSI Report 2015-1
A Comparison of Training Methods for Male Cross Country Runners
Creators: name: Tolson, Jeffrey
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Education -- Research papers (Graduate)

description: The purpose of this study was to determine which method of training male high school cross country student-athlete’s was more effective: lower mileage and higher intensity training or higher mileage and lower intensity training.
A quasi-experimental design was used for this study. Student athletes were separated into two training groups for the twelve week study. Seven races of 3.1 miles each were run during the period of the study to gauge the effectiveness of each training method as measured by student-athlete’s race times.
The results of the study revealed no significant difference in race time improvement between the student-athlete’s who trained with the lower mileage, higher intensity method compared to the student-athlete’s who trained with the higher mileage, lower intensity method.
Evolution of the galaxy stellar mass function: evidence for an increasing $M^*$ from $z=2$ to the present day
Creators: name: Adams, N. J.
name: Bowler, R. A. A.
name: Jarvis, M. J.
name: Haußler, B.
name: Lagos, C. D. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Utilising optical and near-infrared broadband photometry covering $> 5\,{\rm deg}^2$ in two of the most well-studied extragalactic legacy fields (COSMOS and XMM-LSS), we measure the galaxy stellar mass function (GSMF) between $0.1 < z < 2.0$. We explore in detail the effect of two source extraction methods (SExtractor and ProFound) in addition to the inclusion/exclusion of Spitzer IRAC 3.6 and 4.5$μ$m photometry when measuring the GSMF. We find that including IRAC data reduces the number of massive ($\log_{10}(M/M_\odot) > 11.25$) galaxies found due to improved photometric redshift accuracy, but has little effect on the more numerous lower-mass galaxies. We fit the resultant GSMFs with double Schechter functions down to $\log_{10}(M/M_\odot)$ = 7.75 (9.75) at z = 0.1 (2.0) and find that the choice of source extraction software has no significant effect on the derived best-fit parameters. However, the choice of methodology used to correct for the Eddington bias has a larger impact on the high-mass end of the GSMF, which can partly explain the spread in derived $M^*$ values from previous studies. Using an empirical correction to model the intrinsic GSMF, we find evidence for an evolving characteristic stellar mass with $δ\log_{10}(M^*/M_\odot)/δz$ = $-0.16\pm0.05 \, (-0.11\pm0.05)$, when using SExtractor (ProFound). We argue that with widely quenched star formation rates in massive galaxies at low redshift ($z<0.5$), additional growth via mergers is required in order to sustain such an evolution to a higher characteristic mass.
description: 19 pages, 7 figures, 8 tables, submitted to MNRAS. Updated to accepted version from journal
On Schrödinger superalgebras
Creators: name: Duval, C.
name: Horvathy, P. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct, using the supersymplectic framework of Berezin, Kostant and others, two types of supersymmetric extensions of the Schrödinger algebra (itself a conformal extension of the Galilei algebra). An `$I$-type' extension exists in any space dimension, and for any pair of integers $N_+$ and $N_-$. It yields an $N=N_++N_-$ superalgebra, which generalizes the N=1 supersymmetry Gauntlett et al. found for a free spin-$\half$ particle, as well as the N=2 supersymmetry of the fermionic oscillator found by Beckers et al. In two space dimensions, new, `exotic' or `$IJ$-type' extensions arise for each pair of integers $ν_+$ and $ν_-$, yielding an $N=2(ν_++ν_-)$ superalgebra of the type discovered recently by Leblanc et al. in non relativistic Chern-Simons theory. For the magnetic monopole the symmetry reduces to $ø(3)\times\osp(1/1)$, and for the magnetic vortex it reduces to $ø(2)\times\osp(1/2)$.
description: On Schr\"odinger superalgebras, no figurs. Published version
The Effect of the AVID Program on Academic Achievement of High School Students
Creators: name: Welborn, Michele M.
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Education -- Research papers (Graduate)

description: The impact and success of the school program Advancement Via Individual Determination
(AVID) was the focus of the study. Both the experimental and control groups were eleventh and
twelfth grade students who, according to school schedules, were of equal educational ability. The
students involved in the study were from a public Baltimore County high school and received the
same instructional curriculum; however, the experimental group received the treatment of the
AVID program. The study was conducted over the first quarter of the 2010-2011 academic year,
with additional data collected and analyzed from the past three school years. The results of the
study indicated that those students involved in the AVID program demonstrated higher
attendance, elevated grade point average, advanced placement course enrollment, and higher
number of four year college application. Further study is recommended to examine the success
of the AVID students post college.
On $d=4$ Yang-Mills instantons in a spherically symmetric background
Creators: name: Brihaye, Yves
name: Radu, Eugen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present arguments for the existence of self-dual Yang-Mills instantons for several spherically symmetric backgrounds with Euclidean signature. The time-independent Yang-Mills field has finite action and a vanishing energy momentum tensor and does not disturb the geometry. We conjecture the existence of similar solutions for any nonextremal SO(3)-spherically symmetric background.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures; v2: references added
On the implementation of dislocation reactions in continuum dislocation dynamics modeling of mesoscale plasticity
Creators: name: Vivekanandan, Vignesh
name: Lin, Peng
name: Winther, Grethe
name: El-Azab, Anter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The continuum dislocation dynamics framework for mesoscale plasticity is intended to capture the dislocation density evolution and the deformation of crystals when subjected to mechanical loading. It does so by solving a set of transport equations for dislocations concurrently with crystal mechanics equations, with the latter being cast in the form of an eigenstrain problem. Incorporating dislocation reactions in the dislocation transport equations is essential for making such continuum dislocation dynamics predictive. A formulation is proposed to incorporate dislocation reactions in the transport equations of the vector density-based continuum dislocation dynamics. This formulation aims to rigorously enforce dislocation line continuity using the concept of virtual dislocations that close all dislocation loops involved in cross slip, annihilation, and glissile and sessile junction reactions. The addition of virtual dislocations enables us to accurately enforce the divergence free condition upon the numerical solution of the dislocation transport equations for all slip systems individually. A set of tests were performed to illustrate the accuracy of the formulation and the solution of the transport equations within the vector density-based continuum dislocation dynamics. Comparing the results from these tests with an earlier approach in which the divergence free constraint was enforced on the total dislocation density tensor or the sum of two densities when only cross slip is considered shows that the new approach yields highly accurate results. Bulk simulations were performed for a face centered cubic crystal based on the new formulation and the results were compared with discrete dislocation dynamics predictions of the same. The microstructural features obtained from continuum dislocation dynamics were also analyzed with reference to relevant experimental observations.
description: 36 pages, 15 figures; typos corrected, references added
Evangelisches Zentralarchiv in Berlin: Friedrich Sigmund-Schultze 1885-1969
Creators: name: Krüger, Hanfried
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 34 Nr. 4 (1985): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 34, Heft 4
Reconstructing cellular automata rules from observations at nonconsecutive times
Creators: name: Elser, Veit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases (nlin.CG)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recent experiments by Springer and Kenyon have shown that a deep neural network can be trained to predict the action of $t$ steps of Conway's Game of Life automaton given millions of examples of this action on random initial states. However, training was never completely successful for $t>1$, and even when successful, a reconstruction of the elementary rule ($t=1$) from $t>1$ data is not within the scope of what the neural network can deliver. We describe an alternative network-like method, based on constraint projections, where this is possible. From a single data item this method perfectly reconstructs not just the automaton rule but also the states in the time steps it did not see. For a unique reconstruction, the size of the initial state need only be large enough that it and the $t-1$ states it evolves into contain all possible automaton input patterns. We demonstrate the method on 1D binary cellular automata that take inputs from $n$ adjacent cells. The unknown rules in our experiments are not restricted to simple rules derived from a few linear functions on the inputs (as in Game of Life), but include all $2^{2^n}$ possible rules on $n$ inputs. Our results extend to $n=6$, for which exhaustive rule-search is not feasible. By relaxing translational symmetry in space and also time, our method is attractive as a platform for the learning of binary data, since the discreteness of the variables does not pose the same challenge it does for gradient-based methods.
description: 14 pages, 15 figures, new appendix with Game of Life results
F-term Induced Flavor Mass Spectrum
Creators: name: Haba, Naoyuki
name: Koide, Yoshio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: New mechanism of generating flavor mass spectrum is proposed by using an O'Raifeartaigh-type supersymmetry breaking model. A desired bilinear form of fermion mass spectrum is naturally realized through F-components of gauge-singlet (nonet of SU(3) flavor symmetry) superfields, and the suitable charged-lepton mass relation is reproduced. The charged-slepton mass spectrum is non-degenerate in general, and can be even hierarchical (proportional to the charged-lepton masses in the specific case). Flavor changing neutral processes are suppressed since the charged-lepton and slepton (except for right-handed sneutrino) mass matrices are diagonalized simultaneously in the flavor space. The right-handed sneutrinos are light with the similar ratio to the lepton sector ($\tilde{m}_{ν_R}$/$\tilde{m}_e \sim m_ν$/$m_e$).
description: 12 pages, no figure
A first look with Chandra at SGR 1806-20 after the Giant Flare: significant spectral softening and rapid flux decay
Creators: name: Rea, N.
name: Tiengo, A.
name: Mereghetti, S.
name: Israel, G. L.
name: Zane, S.
name: Turolla, R.
name: Stella, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the results of a ~30 ks Chandra pointing of the soft gamma-ray repeater SGR 1806-20, the first X-ray observation with high spectral resolution performed after the 2004 December 27 Giant Flare. The source was found in a bursting active phase and with a significantly softer spectrum than that of the latest observations before the Giant Flare. The observed flux in the 2-10 keV range was ~2.2 x10^-11 erg/s/cm^2, about 20% lower than that measured three months before the event. This indicates that, although its giant flare was ~100 times more intense than those previously observed in two other soft gamma-ray repeaters, the post flare X-ray flux decay of SGR 1806-20 has been much faster. The pulsed fraction was about 3%, a smaller value than that observed before the flare. We discuss the different properties of the post-flare evolution of SGR 1806-20 in comparison to those of SGR 1900+14 and interpret the results as a strong evidence that a magnetospheric untwisting occurred (or is occurring) after the Giant Flare.
description: accepted for publication on ApJ Letters
Boundary Bay : a novel as educational research
Creators: name: Dunlop, Rishma
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Boundary Bay is a novel that explores important areas of investigation linked to education. These fields of inquiry include: literary study and the teaching of literature, aesthetics and artistic production. The novel also investigates the nature of teachers' lives in school and university settings, the nature of institutional education, societal issues affecting intellectual and creative life, the roles of the woman poet and teacher, the social structures and conventions of marriage and contemporary women, the conflicts and paradoxes of motherhood, the issues of teen suicide and homosexuality, and the transformative power of literature and artistic forms of seeing the world. As an example of arts-based qualitative research, the "art of fiction" is envisioned as an extension of human experience. The novel or literary narrative as a viable mode of representation for research is envisioned in light of the perception that ideas can be reflectively addressed through the arts in order to enlarge human understandings. Boundary Bay explores the vital roles literary fictions play in our everyday lives and in educational processes. Fictions are not the unreal side of reality or the opposite of reality: they are conditions that enable the production of possible worlds. In this sense, fiction can become a premise for epistemological positionings. The writing of Boundary Bay is informed by narratives of beginning secondary school teachers as well as the narratives of Ph.D. candidates and university educators. Boundary Bay is a novel that forms a response to the debate at the 1996 Annual American Educational Researcher's Association Meeting (AERA) between Elliot Eisner and Howard Gardner recorded in "Should a Novel Count as a Dissertation in Education?" (Saks, 1996; Donmoyer, 1996). The debate between Eisner and Gardner continued as Boundary Bay was presented at a symposium titled "Shaking the Ivory Tower: Writing, Advising and Critiquing the Postmodern Dissertation" at AERA 1999 in Montreal. The manuscript of poetry interwoven through Boundary Bay was short-listed for the 1998 CBC Canada Council Literary Awards. Boundary Bay was a semifinalist for the 1999 Robertson Davies Prize for fiction.
Search for doubly and singly charged Higgs bosons decaying into vector bosons in multi-lepton final states with the ATLAS detector using proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV
Creators: name: ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A search for charged Higgs bosons decaying into $W^\pm W^\pm$ or $W^\pm Z$ bosons is performed, involving experimental signatures with two leptons of the same charge, or three or four leptons with a variety of charge combinations, missing transverse momentum and jets. A data sample of proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV recorded with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider between 2015 and 2018 is used. The data correspond to a total integrated luminosity of 139 fb$^{-1}$. The search is guided by a type-II seesaw model that extends the scalar sector of the Standard Model with a scalar triplet, leading to a phenomenology that includes doubly and singly charged Higgs bosons. Two scenarios are explored, corresponding to the pair production of doubly charged $H^{\pm\pm}$ bosons, or the associated production of a doubly charged $H^{\pm\pm}$ boson and a singly charged $H^\pm$ boson. No significant deviations from the Standard Model predictions are observed. $H^{\pm\pm}$ bosons are excluded at 95% confidence level up to 350 GeV and 230 GeV for the pair and associated production modes, respectively.
description: 51 pages in total, author list starting page 36, 9 figures, 8 tables, submitted to JHEP. All figures including auxiliary figures are available at https://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/HDBS-2019-06/
On-axis spectroscopy of the host galaxies of 20 optically luminous quasars at z~0.3
Creators: name: Letawe, G.
name: Magain, P.
name: Courbin, F.
name: Jablonka, P.
name: Jahnke, K.
name: Meylan, G.
name: Wisotzki, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the analysis of a sample of 20 bright low-redshift quasars (M_B
description: 30 pages, 19 figures, 9 tables, accepted for publication in MNRAS, major revision
A BGC-Argo Guide: Planning, Deployment, Data Handling and Usage.
Creators: name: Bittig, Henry C.
name: Maurer, Tanya L.
name: Plant, Joshua N.
name: Schmechtig, Catherine
name: Wong, Annie P. S.
name: Claustre, Hervé
name: Trull, Thomas W.
name: Udaya Bhaskar, T. V. S.
name: Boss, Emmanuel
name: Dall’Olmo, Giorgio
name: Organelli, Emanuele
name: Poteau, Antoine
name: Johnson, Kenneth S.
name: Hanstein, Craig
name: Leymarie, Edouard
name: Le Reste, Serge
name: Riser, Stephen C.
name: Rupan, A. Rick
name: Taillandier, Vincent
name: Thierry, Virginie
name: Xing, Xiaogang
Publisher: name: UNESCO/IOC
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Ocean observation
subject: Ocean biogeochemical cycles
subject: Sensors
subject: Carbon cycle
subject: Ocean optics
subject: Argo profiles
subject: BGC-Argo
subject: Parameter Discipline::Chemical oceanography::Carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus
subject: Parameter Discipline::Chemical oceanography::Other inorganic chemical measurements
subject: Instrument Type Vocabulary::nutrient analysers

description: The Biogeochemical-Argo program (BGC-Argo) is a new profiling-float-based, ocean wide, and distributed ocean monitoring program which is tightly linked to, and has benefited significantly from, the Argo program. The community has recommended for BGC-Argo to measure six additional properties in addition to pressure, temperature and salinity measured by Argo, to include oxygen, pH, nitrate, downwelling light, chlorophyll fluorescence and the optical backscattering coefficient. The purpose of this addition is to enable the monitoring of ocean biogeochemistry and health, and in particular, monitor major processes such as ocean deoxygenation, acidification and warming and their effect on phytoplankton, the main source of energy of marine ecosystems. Here we describe the salient issues associated with the operation of the BGC-Argo network, with information useful for those interested in deploying floats and using the data they produce. The topics include float testing, deployment and increasingly, recovery. Aspects of data management, processing and quality control are covered as well as specific issues associated with each of the six BGC-Argo sensors. In particular, it is recommended that water samples be collected during float deployment to be used for validation of sensor output.
Measurement of the Optical Absorption Spectra of Epitaxial Graphene from Terahertz to Visible
Creators: name: Dawlaty, Jahan M.
name: Shivaraman, Shriram
name: Strait, Jared
name: George, Paul
name: Chandrashekhar, Mvs
name: Rana, Farhan
name: Spencer, Michael G.
name: Veksler, Dmitry
name: Chen, Yunqing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present experimental results on the optical absorption spectra of epitaxial graphene from the visible to the terahertz (THz) frequency range. In the THz range, the absorption is dominated by intraband processes with a frequency dependence similar to the Drude model. In the near IR range, the absorption is due to interband processes and the measured optical conductivity is close to the theoretical value of $e^{2}/4\hbar$. We extract values for the carrier densities, the number of carbon atom layers, and the intraband scattering times from the measurements.
Magnetic reconnection and thermal equilibration
Creators: name: Boozer, Allen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When a magnetic field is forced to evolve on a time scale $τ_{ev}$, as by footpoint motions driving the solar corona or non-axisymmetric instabilities in tokamaks, the magnetic field lines undergo large-scale changes in topology on a time scale approximately an order of magnitude longer than $τ_{ev}$. But, the physics that allows such changes operates on a time scale eight or more orders of magnitude slower. An analogous phenomenon occurs in air. Temperature equilibration occurs on a time scale approximately an order of magnitude longer than it takes air to cross a room, $τ_{ev}$, although the physical mechanism that allows temperature equilibration is approximately four orders of magnitude slower than $τ_{ev}$. The use of Lagrangian coordinates allows the fundamental equations to be solved and both phenomena explained. The paradigms and presumptions of traditional theories of magnetic reconnection are so ingrained that the understanding gained from analyses using Lagrangian coordinates has been largely ignored. The theories of thermal equilibration and magnetic reconnection are developed in parallel to help readers obtain an understanding of the importance and implications of analyses using Lagrangian coordinates.
Elimination of the linearization error in APW/LAPW basis set: Dirac-Kohn-Sham equations
Creators: name: Kutepov, Andrey L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A detailed account of the implementation of equations of the Relativistic Density Functional Theory (RDFT) using basis sets of APW/LAPW type with flexible extensions provided by local orbitals is given. Earlier discoveries of the importance of the High Derivative Local Orbital (HDLO) extension of APW/LAPW basis set for enhancing the accuracy of DFT calculations are confirmed using fully relativistic approach and $α$-U as an example. High Energy Local Orbitals (HELO's), however indispensable for GW calculations, are considerably less efficient in enhancing the accuracy of DFT applications. It is shown, that a simplified approach to the relativistic effects, namely, considering them only inside the muffin-tin (MT) spheres, produces basically identical results (as compared to fully relativistic approach) for the electronic free energy of the five materials considered in this work. By comparing the effect of the simplified approach on the electronic free energy with its effect on the electronic kinetic energy we conclude that the insensitivity of the free energy to the way we describe the relativistic effects in the interstitial region is related to the variational property of this quantity.
description: 25 pages, 6 figures, 4 tables
Investors' reactions to manipulation of performance measures : evidence from US mutual funds
Creators: name: Yu, Bin
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mutual funds Management.United States
subject: Stockholders Attitudes
subject: Investment analysis.

description: This thesis investigates how manipulation of fund performances affects fund flow in the US open-ended mutual fund industry. The flaws of conventional performance measures (CPMs) enable fund managers to artificially augment fund performance so as to attract more money. By comparing CPMs with manipulation proof performance measures (MPPM) introduced by Goezmann, Ingersoll, Spiegel, and Welch (2007), we verify that manipulation exists in the mutual fund industry. Using U.S. open-ended mutual fund data from 1991 to 2007, we classify the sample into manipulated and un-manipulated funds, and further demonstrate that individual investors, rather than institutional investors, are more prone to being deceived by manipulation behaviors and thus provide more money to manipulated funds. We start in Chapter 2 with the question of the best model for predicting fund flow. Using a US mutual fund sample as empirical evidence, we compare multiple models of predicting expected flow, and find that models considering a variety of regressors (e.g. past performance, fund size, age) outperform the models that only include lagged flow as the explanatory variable. We then generate the expected flow from the best predicting model, which together with total flow would be used when assessing the investors' reactions to manipulation. Chapter 3 examines whether fund performance measures are manipulated. We show that MPPM can help avoid manipulation, and there is a significant performance discrepancy between MPPM and CPMs when compared to the market. Hence we verify that there are performance manipulations in the mutual fund industry. In addition, we find that the manipulated funds are mainly funds with excess returns below the mean, and the manipulation on retail funds and new funds are more significant. Moreover, we find that after the new Morning Star Rating, which applies a similar intuition as MPPM, was popularized in 2002, the manipulations of performance significantly decreased. Given that CPMs can be manipulated, Chapter 4 investigates whether investors are deceived and provide more money to these funds. After controlling for endogeneity between fund flow and performance, we find that the manipulated funds attract significantly more money in comparison with a group of un-manipulated funds. Specifically, we show that in the retail sample, manipulations have a significantly positive effect on flows, whereas the effect is insignificant in the wholesale subsample. -- provided by Candidate.
Open String Moduli in KKLT Compactifications
Creators: name: Aharony, Ofer
name: Antebi, Yaron E.
name: Berkooz, Micha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the Kachru-Kallosh-Linde-Trivedi (KKLT) de-Sitter construction one introduces an anti-D3-brane that breaks the supersymmetry and leads to a positive cosmological constant. In this paper we investigate the open string moduli associated with this anti-D3-brane, corresponding to its position on the 3-sphere at the tip of the deformed conifold. We show that in the KKLT construction these moduli are very light, and we suggest a possible way to give these moduli a large mass by putting orientifold planes in the KKLT "throat".
description: harvmac, 22 pages
On Rational $P$-Adic Dyanamical Systems
Creators: name: Mukhamedov, Farrukh
name: Rozikov, Utkir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46S10, 12J12, 11S99, 30D05, 54H20

description: In the paper we investigate the behavior of trajectory of rational $p$-adic dynamical system in complex $p$-adic filed $\C_p$. It is studied Siegel disks and attractors of such dynamical systems. We show that Siegel disks may either coincide or disjoin for different fixed points of the dynamical system. Besides, we find the basin of the attractor of the system. It is proved that such kind of dynamical system is not ergodic on a unit sphere with respect to the Haar measure.
description: 15 pages
Deep learning enabled design of complex transmission matrices for universal optical components
Creators: name: Dinsdale, Nicholas J.
name: Wiecha, Peter R.
name: Delaney, Matthew
name: Reynolds, Jamie
name: Ebert, Martin
name: Zeimpekis, Ioannis
name: Thomson, David J.
name: Reed, Graham T.
name: Lalanne, Philippe
name: Vynck, Kevin
name: Muskens, Otto L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent breakthroughs in photonics-based quantum, neuromorphic and analogue processing have pointed out the need for new schemes for fully programmable nanophotonic devices. Universal optical elements based on interferometer meshes are underpinning many of these new technologies, however this is achieved at the cost of an overall footprint that is very large compared to the limited chip real estate, restricting the scalability of this approach. Here, we consider an ultracompact platform for low-loss programmable elements using the complex transmission matrix of a multi-port multimode waveguide. We propose a deep learning inverse network approach to design arbitrary transmission matrices using patterns of weakly scattering perturbations. The demonstrated technique allows control over both the intensity and phase in a multiport device at a four orders reduced device footprint compared to conventional technologies, thus opening the door for large-scale integrated universal networks.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures + supporting information pdf
Performance study of ground-based infrared Bracewell interferometers - Application to the detection of exozodiacal dust disks with GENIE
Creators: name: Absil, O.
name: Hartog, R. den
name: Gondoin, P.
name: Fabry, P.
name: Wilhelm, R.
name: Gitton, P.
name: Puech, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nulling interferometry, a powerful technique for high-resolution imaging of the close neighbourhood of bright astrophysical objets, is currently considered for future space missions such as Darwin or the Terrestrial Planet Finder Interferometer (TPF-I), both aiming at Earth-like planet detection and characterization. Ground-based nulling interferometers are being studied for both technology demonstration and scientific preparation of the Darwin/TPF-I missions through a systematic survey of circumstellar dust disks around nearby stars. In this paper, we investigate the influence of atmospheric turbulence on the performance of ground-based nulling instruments, and deduce the major design guidelines for such instruments. End-to-end numerical simulations allow us to estimate the performance of the main subsystems and thereby the actual sensitivity of the nuller to faint exozodiacal disks. Particular attention is also given to the important question of stellar leakage calibration. This study is illustrated in the context of GENIE, the Ground-based European Nulling Interferometer Experiment, to be installed at the VLTI and working in the L' band. We estimate that this instrument will detect exozodiacal clouds as faint as about 50 times the Solar zodiacal cloud, thereby placing strong constraints on the acceptable targets for Darwin/TPF-I.
description: A&A, accepted
Tuning resonance energy transfer with magneto-optical properties of graphene
Creators: name: Abrantes, P. P.
name: Bastos, G.
name: Szilard, D.
name: Farina, C.
name: Rosa, F. S. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the resonance energy transfer (RET) rate between two quantum emitters near a suspended graphene sheet in vacuum under the influence of an external magnetic field. We perform the analysis for low and room temperatures and show that, due to the extraordinary magneto-optical response of graphene, it allows for an active control and tunability of the RET even in the case of room temperature. We also demonstrate that the RET rate is extremely sensitive to small variations of the applied magnetic field, and can be tuned up to a striking six orders of magnitude for quite realistic values of magnetic field. Moreover, we evidence the fundamental role played by the magnetoplasmon polaritons supported by the graphene monolayer as the dominant channel for the RET within a certain distance range. Our results suggest that magneto-optical media may take the manipulation of energy transfer between quantum emitters to a whole new level, and broaden even more its great spectrum of applications.
Impact parameter sensitive study of inner shell atomic processes at the ESR
Creators: name: Gumberidze, A.
name: Kozhuharov, C.
name: Zhang, R.
name: Trosenko, S.
name: Beyer, Heinrich
name: Blumenhagen, K.
name: Brandau, C.
name: Bräuning-Demian, A.
name: Chen, W.
name: Forstner, O.
name: Gao, B.
name: Gassner, T.
name: Grisenti, R.
name: Hagmann, S.
name: Hillenbrand, P.
name: Indelicato, P.
name: Kumar, A.
name: Lestinsky, M.
name: Litvinov, Yury
name: Petridis, N.
name: Schury, D.
name: Spillmann, U.
name: Trageser, C.
name: Trassinelli, M.
name: Tu, X.
name: Stöhlker, T.
Publisher: name: GSI Helmholtzzentrum fuer Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt
Year: 2015
Subjects: Physics

description: GSI Scientific Report 2014 - GSI Report 2015-1
Topological Anderson insulators in an Ammann-Beenker quasicrystal and a snub-square crystal
Creators: name: Peng, Tan
name: Hua, Chun-Bo
name: Chen, Rui
name: Xu, Dong-Hui
name: Zhou, Bin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quest for the topological phases of matter in an aperiodic system has been greatly developed recently. Here we investigate the effects of disorder on topological phases of a two-dimensional Ammann-Beenker tiling quasicrystalline lattice. For comparison purposes, we also consider the case of a periodic snub-square crystalline lattice, which has the same primitive tiles as the Ammann-Beenker tiling quasicrystalline lattice. By calculating the spin Bott index and the two-terminal conductance, we confirm that the topological phases with disorder share the similar properties in the two systems which possess different symmetry and periodicity. It is shown that the quantum spin Hall states are robust against weak disorder in both the quasicrystalline lattice and the crystalline lattice. More interesting is that topological Anderson insulator phases induced by disorder appear in the two systems. Furthermore, the quantized conductance plateau contributed by the topological Anderson insulator phase is verified by the distribution of local currents.
The HILITE Penning trap experiment
Creators: name: Vogel, M.
name: Ringleb, S.
name: Quint, W.
name: Paulus, G.
name: Stöhlker, T.
Publisher: name: GSI Helmholtzzentrum fuer Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt
Year: 2015
Subjects: Physics

description: GSI Scientific Report 2014 - GSI Report 2015-1
Characterising blast environment and structural loading from large-scale unconfined hydrogen explosions
Creators: name: Gan, Edward
name: Remennikov, Alexander
name: Jayasekara Mohotti, Pushpa Damith
name: Huang, Zhenying
name: Senarathna, Wimukthi
name: Wijesooriya, Kasun
Publisher: name: University of Wollongong
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 34
subject: Chemical sciences
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
classificationCode: 40
subject: Engineering

description: Understanding the risks of hydrogen explosions is essential to mitigating hazards and ensuring safe implementation in various applications. This study investigates the blast environment and structural loading associated with large-scale, unconfined hydrogen-air explosions. A 5.09 m3 tent was filled with a stoichiometric hydrogen-air mixture and ignited using various initiation methods to generate different combustion modes (deflagration, fast deflagration, and detonation). The results revealed pronounced differences in flame velocity and blast loading between these combustion modes (e.g., approximately 33 times faster flame velocity, 40 times higher peak overpressure, and 2 times higher positive phase impulse between deflagration and detonation modes). Experimental measurements of the incident and reflected blast wave parameters were processed and compared with existing empirical models and equivalent TNT. Additionally, a method to determine reflected blast parameters by converting incident blast parameters, either experimentally or empirically obtained, is proposed, which could be used by structural engineers to assess structural response to hydrogen explosions.
A pulsed beams at TRIGA-LASER and Ca$^{+}$ isotope shifts
Creators: name: Gorges, C.
name: Kaufmann, S.
name: Beyer, T.
name: Blaum, K.
name: Düllmann, C. E.
name: Geppert, C.
name: Grund, J.
name: Hammen, M.
name: Krämer, J.
name: Nagy, S.
name: Renisch, D.
name: Sanchez, R. M.
name: Nörtershäuser, W.
Publisher: name: GSI Helmholtzzentrum fuer Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt
Year: 2015
Subjects: Physics

description: GSI Scientific Report 2014 - GSI Report 2015-1
Commissioning of a continuous broadband data acquisition for Schottky signals in storage ring experiments at GSI and FAIR
Creators: name: Trageser, C.
name: Brandau, C.
name: Kozhuharov, C.
name: Litvinov, Y.
name: Müller, A.
name: Nolden, F.
name: Sanjari, S.
name: Stöhlker, T.
Publisher: name: GSI Helmholtzzentrum fuer Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt
Year: 2015
Subjects: Physics

description: GSI Scientific Report 2014 - GSI Report 2015-1
Demultiplexing infrasound phonons with tunable magnetic lattices
Creators: name: Watkins, Audrey A.
name: Bilal, Osama R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Controlling infrasound signals is crucial to many processes ranging from predicting atmospheric events and seismic activities to sensing nuclear detonations. These waves can be manipulated through phononic crystals and acoustic metamaterials. However, at such ultra-low frequencies, the size (usually on the order of meters) and the mass (usually on the order of many kilograms) of these materials can hinder its potential applications in the infrasonic domain. Here, we utilize tunable lattices of repelling magnets to guide and sort infrasound waves into different channels based on their frequencies. We construct our lattices by confining meta-atoms (free-floating macroscopic disks with embedded magnets) within a magnetic boundary. By changing the confining boundary, we control the meta-atoms' spacing and therefore the intensity of their coupling potentials and wave propagation characteristics. As a demonstration of principle, we present the first experimental realization of an infrasound phonon demultiplexer (i.e., guiding ultra-low frequency waves into different channels based on their frequencies). The realized platform can be utilized to manipulate ultra-low frequency waves, within a relatively small volume, while utilizing negligible mass. In addition, the self-assembly nature of the meta-atoms can be key in creating re-programmable materials with exceptional nonlinear properties.