cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Thermoelectric current in topological insulator nanowires with impurities
Creators: name: Erlingsson, Sigurdur I.
name: Bardarson, Jens H.
name: Manolescu, Andrei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we consider charge current generated by maintaining a temperature difference over a nanowire at zero voltage bias. For topological insulator nanowires in a perpendicular magnetic field the current can change sign as the temperature of one end is increased. Here we study how this thermoelectric current sign reversal depends on magnetic field and how impurities affect the size of the thermoelectric current. We consider both scalar and magnetic impurities and show that their influence on the current are quite similar, although the magnetic impurities seem to be more effective in reducing the effect. For moderate impurity concentration the sign reversal persists.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures
Laser experiments explore the hidden sector
Creators: name: Ahlers, M.
name: Gies, H.
name: Jaeckel, J.
name: Redondo, J.
name: Ringwald, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, the laser experiments BMV and GammeV, searching for light shining through walls, have published data and calculated new limits on the allowed masses and couplings for axion-like particles. In this note we point out that these experiments can serve to constrain a much wider variety of hidden-sector particles such as, e.g., minicharged particles and hidden-sector photons. The new experiments improve the existing bounds from the older BFRT experiment by a factor of two. Moreover, we use the new PVLAS constraints on a possible rotation and ellipticity of light after it has passed through a strong magnetic field to constrain pure minicharged particle models. For masses
description: 16 pages, 4 figures
Additional file 3: of EU health systems classification: a new proposal from EURO-HEALTHY
Creators: name: Ferreira, Pedro
name: Tavares, Aida
name: Quintal, Carlota
name: Santana, Paula
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Science Policy

description: Table S2. Factor scores for each country grouped in clusters. Table displaying factor scores for each country grouped in clusters. (DOCX 14 kb)
Toward a Unified Magnetic Phase Diagram of the Cuprate Superconductors
Creators: name: Sokol, A.
name: Pines, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a unified magnetic phase diagram of cuprate superconductors. A new feature of this phase diagram is a broad intermediate doping region of quantum-critical, $z=1$, behavior, characterized by temperature independent $T_1T/T_{\rm 2G}$ and linear $T_1T$, where the spin waves are not completely absorbed by the electron-hole continuum. The spin gap in the moderately doped materials is related to the suppression of the low-energy spectral weight in the quantum disordered, $z=1$, regime. The crossover to the $z=2$ regime, where $T_1T/T_{\rm 2G}^2 \simeq \mbox{const}$, occurs only in the fully doped materials.
description: 14 pages, REVTeX v2.1, PostScript file for 3 figures attached, UIUC-P-93-06-048
Automated Swirl Detection Algorithm (ASDA) and Its Application to Simulation and Observational Data
Creators: name: Liu, Jiajia
name: Nelson, Chris J.
name: Erdélyi, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Swirling motions in the solar atmosphere have been widely observed in recent years and suggested to play a key role in channeling energy from the photosphere into the corona. Here, we present a newly-developed Automated Swirl Detection Algorithm (ASDA) and discuss its applications. ASDA is found to be very proficient at detecting swirls in a variety of synthetic data with various levels of noise, implying our subsequent scientific results are astute. Applying ASDA to photospheric observations with a spatial resolution of 39.2 km sampled by the Solar Optical Telescope (SOT) on-board Hinode, suggests a total number of $1.62\times10^5$ swirls in the photosphere, with an average radius and rotating speed of $\sim290$ km and $< 1.0$ km s$^{-1}$, respectively. Comparisons between swirls detected in Bifrost numerical MHD simulations and both ground-based and space-borne observations, suggest that: 1) the spatial resolution of data plays a vital role in the total number and radii of swirls detected; and 2) noise introduced by seeing effects could decrease the detection rate of swirls, but has no significant influences in determining their inferred properties. All results have shown that there is no significant difference in the analysed properties between counter-clockwise or clockwise rotating swirls. About 70% of swirls are located in intergranular lanes. Most of the swirls have lifetimes less than twice of the cadences, meaning future research should aim to use data with much higher cadences than 6 s. In the conclusions, we propose some promising future research applications where ASDA may provide useful insights.
description: Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal. 18 pages, 12 figures and 2 tables
Additional file 2: of Trimodal distribution of arylamine N-acetyltransferase 1 mRNA in breast cancer tumors: association with overall survival and drug resistance
Creators: name: Minchin, Rodney
name: Butcher, Neville
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Table S1. List of genes that correlate with NAT1 expression in the METABRIC database. (PDF 196 kb)
Algebraic Structures and Differential Geometry in 2D String Theory
Creators: name: Witten, Edward
name: Zwiebach, Barton
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1992
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A careful treatment of closed string BRST cohomology shows that there are more discrete states and associated symmetries in $D=2$ string theory than has been recognized hitherto. The full structure, at the $SU(2)$ radius, has a natural description in terms of abelian gauge theory on a certain three dimensional cone $Q$. We describe precisely how symmetry currents are constructed from the discrete states, explaining the role of the ``descent equations.'' In the uncompactified theory, we compute the action of the symmetries on the tachyon field, and isolate the features that lead to nonlinear terms in this action. The resulting symmetry structure is interpreted in terms of a homotopy Lie algebra.
description: 65pp. (Two figures, not included.)
Addition Spectra of Quantum Dots in Strong Magnetic Fields
Creators: name: Yang, S. -R. Eric
name: MacDonald, A. H.
name: Johnson, M. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the magnetic field dependence of the chemical potential for parabolically confined quantum dots in a strong magnetic field. Approximate expressions based on the notion that the size of a dot is determined by a competition between confinement and interaction energies are shown to be consistent with exact diagonalization studies for small quantum dots. Fine structure is present in the magnetic field dependence which cannot be explained without a full many-body description and is associated with ground-state level crossings as a function of confinement strength or Zeeman interaction strength. Some of this fine structure is associated with precursors of the bulk incompressible states responsible for the fractional quantum Hall effect.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures (available from yang@nrcphy1.phy.nrc.ca). Revtex 3.0. (IUCM93-010)
Interpretations of galactic center gamma-ray excess confronting the PandaX-II constraints on dark matter-neutron spin-dependent scatterings in the NMSSM
Creators: name: Shang, Liangliang
name: He, Yangle
name: Lian, Jingwei
name: Pan, Yusi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Weakly Interacting Massive Particle (WIMP) has been one of the most attractive candidates for Dark Matter (DM), and the lightest neutralino ($\widetildeχ^0_1$) in the Next-to-Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (NMSSM) is an interesting realization of WIMP. The Galactic Center Excess (GCE) can be explained by WIMP DM annihilations in the sky. In this work we consider the $Z_3$-NMSSM where the singlet $S$ and Singlino $\widetilde{S}^0$ components play important roles in the Higgs and DM sector. Guided by our analytical arguments, we perform a numerical scan over the NMSSM parameter space for the GCE explanation by considering various observables such as the Standard Model (SM) Higgs data measured by the ATLAS and CMS experiments, and the $B$-physics observables $BR(B_s\rightarrow X_sγ)$ and $BR(B_s\rightarrow μ^+μ^-)$. We find that the correlation between the coupling $C_{A_1 b\bar{b}}$ in $\langle σ_{b\bar{b}} v \rangle _{0}$ and the coupling $C_{Z \widetildeχ^0_1 \widetildeχ^0_1}$ in DM-neutron Spin Dependent (SD) scattering rate $σ^{SD}_{\widetildeχ^0_1-N}$ makes all samples we obtain for GCE explanation get excluded by the PandaX-II results. Although the DM resonant annihilation scenarios may be beyond the reach of our analytical approximations and scan strategy, the aforementioned correlation can be a reasonable motivation for future experiments such as PandaX-nT to further test the NMSSM interpretation of GCE.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures, meeting the published version by EPJC
Isoscaling, Symmetry Energy and Thermodynamic Models
Creators: name: Chaudhuri, G.
name: Gupta, S. Das
name: Mocko, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The isoscaling parameter usually denoted by $α$ depends upon both the symmetry energy coefficient and the isotopic contents of the dissociating systems. We compute $α$ in theoretical models: first in a simple mean field model and then in thermodynamic models using both grand canonical and canonical ensembles. For finite systems the canonical ensemble is much more appropriate. The model values of $α$ are compared with a much used standard formula. Next we turn to cases where in experiments, there are significant deviations from isoscaling. We show that in such cases, although the grand canonical model fails, the canonical model is capable of explaining the data.
description: total 27 pages including 9 figures
Theory of Friedel oscillations in monolayer graphene and group-VI dichalcogenides in a magnetic field
Creators: name: Rusin, Tomasz M.
name: Zawadzki, Wlodek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Friedel oscillations (FO) of electron density caused by a delta-like neutral impurity in two-dimensional (2D) systems in a magnetic field are calculated. Three 2D cases are considered: free electron gas, monolayer graphene and group-VI dichalcogenides. An exact form of the renormalized Green's function is used in the calculations, as obtained by a summation of the infinite Dyson series and regularization procedure. Final results are valid for large ranges of potential strengths $V_0$, electron densities $n_e$, magnetic fields $B$ and distances from the impurity $r$. Realistic models for the impurities are used. The first FO of induced density in WS$_2$ are described by the relation $Δn(\vec{r}) \propto \sin(2πr/T_{FO})/r^2$, where $T_{FO} \propto 1/\sqrt{E_F}$. For weak impurity potentials, the amplitudes of FO are proportional to $V_0$. For attractive potentials and high fields the total electron density remains positive for all $r$. On the other hand, for low fields, repulsive potentials and small $r$, the total electron density may become negative, so that many-body effects should be taken into account.
description: 18 pages and 9 figures
Binary-Binary Interactions and the Formation of the PSR B1620-26 Triple System in M4
Creators: name: Rasio, F. A.
name: McMillan, S.
name: Hut, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The hierarchical triple system containing the millisecond pulsar PSR B1620-26 in M4 is the first triple star system ever detected in a globular cluster. Such systems should form in globular clusters as a result of dynamical interactions between binaries. We propose that the triple system containing PSR B1620-26 formed through an exchange interaction between a wide primordial binary and a {\it pre-existing\/} binary millisecond pulsar. This scenario would have the advantage of reconciling the $\sim10^9\,$yr timing age of the pulsar with the much shorter lifetime of the triple system in the core of M4.
description: 13 pages, uuencoded compressed postscript with figures, IASSNS-AST 94/47
Weak-lensing Mass Reconstruction of Galaxy Clusters with a Convolutional Neural Network -- II: Application to Next-Generation Wide-Field Surveys
Creators: name: Cha, Sangjun
name: Jee, M. James
name: Hong, Sungwook E.
name: Park, Sangnam
name: Bak, Dongsu
name: kim, Taehwan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Traditional weak-lensing mass reconstruction techniques suffer from various artifacts, including noise amplification and the mass-sheet degeneracy. In Hong et al. (2021), we demonstrated that many of these pitfalls of traditional mass reconstruction can be mitigated using a deep learning approach based on a convolutional neural network (CNN). In this paper, we present our improvements and report on the detailed performance of our CNN algorithm applied to next-generation wide-field observations. Assuming the field of view ($3°.5 \times 3°.5$) and depth (27 mag at $5σ$) of the Vera C. Rubin Observatory, we generated training datasets of mock shear catalogs with a source density of 33 arcmin$^{-2}$ from cosmological simulation ray-tracing data. We find that the current CNN method provides high-fidelity reconstructions consistent with the true convergence field, restoring both small and large-scale structures. In addition, the cluster detection utilizing our CNN reconstruction achieves $\sim75$% completeness down to $\sim 10^{14}M_{\odot}$. We anticipate that this CNN-based mass reconstruction will be a powerful tool in the Rubin era, enabling fast and robust wide-field mass reconstructions on a routine basis.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures. Published in ApJ
Additional file 2: of Estimating causal effects of time-dependent exposures on a binary endpoint in a high-dimensional setting
Creators: name: VahĂŠ Asvatourian
name: ClĂŠlia Coutzac
name: Chaput, Nathalie
name: Robert, Caroline
name: Michiels, Stefan
name: Lanoy, Emilie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Simulation setting. It details the process of the generation of the data for the simulation study. (PDF 113Â kb)
Finite-system effects on high-harmonic generation: from atoms to solids
Creators: name: Hansen, Kenneth K.
name: Bauer, Dieter
name: Madsen, Lars Bojer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using time-dependent density functional theory, high-harmonic generation (HHG) is studied in one-dimensional structures of sizes from a single nucleus up to hundreds of nuclei. The HHG cutoff is observed to extent linearly with the system size from the well known atomic HHG cutoff and is found to converge into the previously observed cutoffs for bulk solids only for large systems. A change in the response from that of single atoms or small molecules is observed from system sizes of $N$ $\approx$ 6 nuclei and becomes independent of system size at $N \gtrsim 60$. The system-size dependence of the observed HHG cutoffs is found to follow the limitations, set by the finite size solid, on the classical motion of electron-hole pairs. Because of the relation between recombination energy and electron-hole propagation length in the system, high-energy recombination events are not possible in small systems but become accessible for larger systems resulting in the change of the cutoff energies with system size. When varying the field intensity we observe that the cutoffs move linearly with the intensity even for small systems of $N\gtrsim 6$ that are far from the limit of a bulk solid.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures
Additional file 2: of EU health systems classification: a new proposal from EURO-HEALTHY
Creators: name: Ferreira, Pedro
name: Tavares, Aida
name: Quintal, Carlota
name: Santana, Paula
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Table S1. Agglomeration schedule. Table obtained from SPSS. (DOCX 15 kb)
Does multidimensional distance matter? Perceptions and acceptance of wind power
Creators: name: Pouta, Eija
name: Rajala, Tuomas
name: Mäntymaa, Erkki
name: Kangas, Katja
name: Hiedanpää, Juha
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: In addressing long-term climate and energy challenges with wind energy, the acceptance of wind power is in a key role. Here, we systematically emphasize the several dimensions of distance, namely spatial, temporal, social, and experiential, and test the difference in attitudes toward near and distant wind turbines in these dimensions. We focus on both attitudes toward wind power and perceptions of its impacts using survey data with spatial information from southwestern Finland. Spatial distance associated significantly and positively with attitudes toward wind power. Regarding the social and temporal dimensions of distance, the direction of the association was against our hypothesis, meaning that the lower the distance was, the more positive were the attitudes. For experiential distance, no association was observed. The results recommend siting wind farms at a distance of over 10 km from population centers. Avoiding conflicts with vacation homes creates a new social challenge for wind power development.
title: ADCO, Cartulaire de l'abbaye de Saint-Seine (XIIIe siècle), Cart. 165 (10 H 6, ms. 139), 354 pages, f. 0194
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Petot, Frédéric
name: Projet CBMA
name: CG21/F.PETOT/2009
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge
subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris
subject: cartulaire

description: Cartulaire de l'abbaye de Saint-Seine (XIIIe siècle), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 165 (10 H 6, ms. 139), 354 pages, f. 0194, Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Cartulaire de l'abbaye de Saint-Seine (XIIIe siècle), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 165 (10 H 6, ms. 139), 354 pages, f. 0194, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https:// manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: abbaye de Saint-Seine
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2820709
SN 2023ixf -- an average-energy explosion with circumstellar medium and a precursor
Creators: name: Kozyreva, Alexandra
name: Caputo, Andrea
name: Baklanov, Petr
name: Mironov, Alexey
name: Janka, Hans-Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Abridged: The fortunate proximity of the SN2023ixf allowed astronomers to follow its evolution from almost the moment of the collapse of the progenitor's core. SN2023ixf can be explained as an explosion of a massive star with an energy of 0.7e51 erg, however with a greatly reduced envelope mass, probably because of binary interaction. In our radiative-transfer simulations, the SN ejecta of 6 Msun interact with circumstellar material (CSM) of ~0.6 Msun extending to 1.e15 cm, which results in a light curve (LC) peak matching that of SN2023ixf. The origin of this required CSM might be gravity waves originating from convective shell burning, which could enhance wind-like mass-loss during the late stages of stellar evolution. The steeply rising, low-luminosity flux during the first hours after observationally confirmed non-detection, however, cannot be explained by the collision of the energetic SN shock with the CSM. Instead, we considered it as a precursor that we could fit by the emission from ~0.5 Msun of matter that was ejected with an energy of 1.e49 erg a fraction of a day before the main shock of the SN explosion reached the surface of the progenitor. The source of this energy injection into the outermost shell of the stellar envelope could also be dynamical processes related to the convective activity in the progenitor's interior or envelope. Alternatively, the early rise of the LC could point to the initial breakout of a highly non-spherical SN shock or of fast-moving, asymmetrically ejected matter that was swept out well ahead of the SN shock, potentially in a low-energy, nearly relativistic jet. We also discuss that pre-SN outbursts and LC precursors can be used to study or to constrain energy deposition in the outermost stellar layers by the decay of exotic particles, such as axions, which could be produced simultaneously with neutrinos in the newly formed, hot neutron star.
description: Accepted for publication in A & A
Localization and delocalization of ultracold bosonic atoms in finite optical lattices
Creators: name: Lühmann, Dirk-Sören
name: Bongs, Kai
name: Sengstock, Klaus
name: Pfannkuche, Daniela
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study bosonic atoms in small optical lattices by exact diagonalization and observe a striking similarity to the superfluid to Mott insulator transition in macroscopic systems. The momentum distribution, the formation of an energy gap, and the pair correlation function show only a weak size dependence. For noncommensurate filling we reveal in deep lattices a mixture of localized and delocalized particles, which is sensitive to lattice imperfections. Breaking the lattice symmetry causes a Bose-glass-like behavior. We discuss the nature of excited states and orbital effects by using an exact diagonalization technique that includes higher bands.
description: 8 pages, 10 figures. Published version
RETURN To an Address of the Legislative Assembly for copies of all correspondence between the Government, or any members thereof, and C. O'Keefe, and the Government, or any members thereof, and the Indian Commissioners, relating to the award by the Commissioners to the Indians of certain lands at Okanagan claimed by C. O'Keefe.
Creators: name: British Columbia. Legislative Assembly
Publisher: name: Victoria, BC : Government Printer
Year: 2016

Abstract
Vibrations and Berry Phases of Charged Buckminsterfullerene
Creators: name: Auerbach, Assa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A simple model of electron-vibron interactions in buckminsterfullerene ions is solved semiclassically. Electronic degeneracies of C$_{60}$$^{n-}$ induce dynamical Jahn-Teller distortions, which are unimodal for $n\!\ne\!3$ and bimodal for $n\!=\!3$. The quantization of motion along the Jahn-Teller manifold leads to a symmetric-top rotator Hamiltonian. I find Molecular Aharonov-Bohm effects where electronic Berry phases determine the vibrational spectra, zero point fluctuations, and electrons' pair binding energies. The latter are relevant to superconductivity in alkali-fullerenes.
description: Latex 11 pages. IIT-003
Spinup and Disruption of Interstellar Asteroids by Mechanical Torques, and Implications for 1I/2017 U1 (`Oumuamua)
Creators: name: Hoang, Thiem
name: Loeb, Abraham
name: Lazarian, A.
name: Cho, Jungyeon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The discovery of the first interstellar asteroid, 1I/2017 U1 (`Oumuamua), has opened a new era for research on interstellar objects. In this paper, we study the rotational dynamics of interstellar asteroids (ISAs) of irregular shapes moving through the interstellar gas. We find that regular mechanical torques resulting from the bombardment of gas flow on the irregular body could be important for the dynamics and destruction of ISAs. Mechanical torques can spin up the ISA, resulting in the breakup of the original ISA into small binary asteroids when the rotation rate exceeds the critical frequency. We find that the breakup timescale is short for ISAs of highly irregular shapes and low tensile strength. We apply our results to the first observed ISA, `Oumuamua, and suggest that its extreme elongated shape may originate from a reassembly of the binary fragments due to gravity along its journey in the interstellar medium. The tumbling of `Oumuamua could have been induced by rotational disruption due to mechanical torques. Finally, we discuss the survival possibility of high-velocity asteroids presumably formed by tidal disruption of planetary systems by the black hole at the Galactic center.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures, accepted to Astrophysical Journal
The digital turn of marine planning: a global analysis of ocean geoportals
Creators: name: Davret, Juliette
name: Trouillet, Brice
name: Toonen, Hilde
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Recent research highlighted the use and role played by digital technologies supporting marine spatial planning (MSP), especially geoportals. This research seldom considers to study an overview of the role of digital technologies and examines the digitalization of marine governance in planning. Employing a critical cartography framework and assemblage theory, we elaborate on the use of geoportal and public involvement in the digital turn of MSP. We show how the digital turn in marine planning is taking place at different levels depending on: the functionalities present on geoportals, the political support for MSP implementation, the regions of the world, and the level of plan development. According to the three dimensions of digital (marine) governance (Kloppenburg et al., 2022), we reveal that the role of geoportal in MSP is a part of the first dimension by seeing and knowing, sometimes the second dimension by self-engagement and in the most advanced forms of geoportal part of the third dimension by leading actions and interventions. In general, we find that the geoportal is more of a facade than a tool for doing MSP. The digital turn in marine planning is real but does not yet allow the public to be a real stakeholder in the process.
Majorana Neutrinos, Neutrino Mass Spectrum and the || ~ 0.001 eV Frontier in Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay
Creators: name: Pascoli, S.
name: Petcov, S. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: If future neutrino oscillation experiments show that the neutrino mass spectrum is with normal ordering, m1 < m2 < m3, and the searches for neutrinoless double beta-decay with sensitivity to values of the effective Majorana mass || > 0.01 eV give negative results, the next frontier in the quest for neutrinoless double beta-decay will correspond to || ~ 0.001 eV. Assuming that massive neutrinos are Majorana particles and their exchange is the dominant mechanism generating neutrinoless double beta-decay, we analise the conditions under which ||, in the case of three neutrino mixing and neutrino mass spectrum with normal ordering, would satisfy || > 0.001 eV. We consider the specific cases of i) normal hierarchical neutrino mass spectrum, ii) of relatively small value of the CHOOZ angle theta13 as well as iii) the general case of spectrum with normal ordering, partial hierarchy and a value of theta13 close to the existing upper limit. We study the ranges of the lightest neutrino mass m1 and/or of sin^2 theta13, for which ||> 0.001 eV and discuss the phenomenological implications of such scenarios. We provide also an estimate of || when the three neutrino masses and the neutrino mixing originate from neutrino mass term of Majorana type for the (left-handed) flavour neutrinos and m1 Ue1^2 + m2 U_e2^2 + m3 Ue3^2 =0, but there does not exist a symmetry which forbids the neutrinoless double beta-decay.
description: 29 pages, 6 eps figures
Measurement process and inversions using helioseismic normal-mode coupling
Creators: name: Hanasoge, Shravan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Normal modes are coupled by the presence of perturbations in the Sun, providing a novel and under-appreciated helioseismic technique with which to image the solar interior. The process of measuring coupling between normal modes is straightforward, much more so when compared with other prevalent helioseismic techniques. The theoretical framework to interpret these measurements is well developed with the caveat that it applies only in the case where the entire surface of the Sun is observed. In practice however, the limited visibility of the Sun and line-of-sight related effects diminish the resolution of the technique. Here, we compute realistic sensitivities of normal-mode coupling measurements to flows in the solar interior and describe how to mitigate the sometimes-overwhelming effect of leakage. The importance of being able to isolate individual spherical harmonics and observe the full Sun, to which future solar observatories may aspire, is thus highlighted in our results. In the latter part of the article, we describe the noise model for the variance of coupling coefficients, a critical component to the process of inference.
description: 23 pages, 11 figures, ApJ
The effect of photoemission on nanosecond helium microdischarges at atmospheric pressure
Creators: name: Donko, Zoltan
name: Hamaguchi, Satoshi
name: Gans, Timo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Atmospheric-pressure microdischarges excited by nanosecond high-voltage pulses are investigated in helium-nitrogen mixtures by first-principles particle-based simulations that include VUV resonance radiation transport via tracing photon trajectories. The VUV photons, of which the frequency redistribution in emission processes is included in some detail, are found to modify remarkably the computed discharge characteristics due to their ability to induce electron emission from the cathode surface. The electrons created this way enhance the plasma density and a significant increase of the transient current pulse amplitude is observed. The simulations allow the computation of the density of helium atoms in the 2$^1$P resonant state, as well as the density of photons in the plasma and the line shape of the resonant VUV radiation reaching the electrodes. These indicate the presence of significant radiation trapping in the plasma and photon escape times longer than the duration of the excitation pulses are found.
Numerical analysis of melting domain walls and their gravitational waves
Creators: name: Dankovsky, I.
name: Ramazanov, S.
name: Babichev, E.
name: Gorbunov, D.
name: Vikman, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study domain walls (DWs) arising in field theories where $Z_2$-symmetry is spontaneously broken by a scalar expectation value decreasing proportionally to the Universe temperature. The energy density of such melting DWs redshifts sufficiently fast not to overclose the Universe. For the first time, evolution of melting DWs and the resulting gravitational waves (GWs) is investigated numerically using lattice simulations. We show that formation of closed melting DWs during radiation domination is much more efficient compared to the scenario with constant tension DWs. This suggests that it can be the main mechanism responsible for reaching the scaling regime similarly to the case of cosmic strings. However, the scaling behaviour of melting DWs is observed, provided only that the initial scalar field fluctuations are not very large. Otherwise, simulations reveal violation of the scaling law, potentially of the non-physical origin. The spectrum of GWs emitted by melting DWs is also significantly different from that of constant tension DWs. Whether the system has reached scaling or not, the numerical study reveals a GW spectrum described in the infrared by the spectral index $n \approx 1.6$ followed by the causality tail. We attribute the difference from the value $n=2$ predicted in our previous studies to a finite lifetime of the DW network. Notably, the updated index is still in excellent agreement with the recent findings by pulsar timing arrays, which confirms that melting DWs can be responsible for the observed (GW) signal. We also point out that results for evolution of melting DWs in the radiation-dominated Universe are applicable to constant tension DW evolution in the flat spacetime.
description: 38 pages, 9 figures; matches journal version
Geomagnetic acceleration and rapid hydromagnetic wave dynamics in advanced numerical simulations of the geodynamo
Creators: name: Aubert, Julien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Geomagnetic secular acceleration is a unique window on the dynamics taking place in Earth's core. In this study, the behaviours of the secular acceleration and underlying core dynamics are examined in new numerical simulations of the geodynamo that reside on a theoretical path in parameter space connecting the region where most classical models are found to the natural conditions. The typical time scale for geomagnetic acceleration is found to be invariant along this path, at a value close to 10 years that matches Earth's core estimates. Despite this invariance, the spatio-temporal properties of secular acceleration show significant variability along the path, with an asymptotic regime of rapid rotation reached after 30% of this path (corresponding to a model Ekman number $E=3~10^{-7}$). In this regime, the energy of secular acceleration is entirely found at periods longer than that of planetary rotation, and the underlying flow acceleration patterns acquire a two-dimensional columnar structure representative of the rapid rotation limit. The spatial pattern of the secular acceleration at the core-mantle boundary shows significant localisation of energy within an equatorial belt. Rapid hydromagnetic wave dynamics is absent at the start of the path but can be clearly exhibited in the asymptotic regime. This study reports on ubiquitous axisymmetric geostrophic torsional waves of weak amplitude relatively to convective transport, and also stronger, laterally limited, quasi-geostrophic Alfvén waves propagating in the cylindrical radial direction from the tip of convective plumes towards the core-mantle boundary. Quasi-geostrophic Alfvén waves are shown to be an important carrier of flow acceleration to the core surface that links with the generation of strong, short-lived and intermittent equatorial pulses in the secular acceleration energy.
description: 35 pages, 14 figures
New physics with the lepton flavor violating decay $τ\to 3μ$
Creators: name: Calcuttawala, Zaineb
name: Kundu, Anirban
name: Nandi, Soumitra
name: Patra, Sunando Kumar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Lepton flavour violating (LFV) processes are a smoking gun signal of new physics (NP). If the semileptonic $B$ decay anomalies are indeed due to some NP, such operators can potentially lead to LFV decays involving the second and the third generation leptons, like $τ\to 3μ$. In this paper, we explore how far the nature of NP can be unraveled at the next generation $B$-factories like Belle-II, provided the decay $τ\to 3μ$ has been observed. We use four observables with which the differentiation among NP operators may be achieved to a high confidence level. Possible presence of multiple NP operators are also analysed with the Optimal Observable technique. While the analysis can be improved even further if the final state muon polarisations are measured, we present this work as a motivational tool for the experimentalists, as well as a template for the analysis of similar processes.
description: 21 pages, 9 figures. v2: Version accepted in PRD. Only one small paragraph added, virtually identical with v1. v3: Only title of the paper changed, as per the APS style, American spelling. Everything else is completely identical with v2
Additional file 1: of Estimating causal effects of time-dependent exposures on a binary endpoint in a high-dimensional setting
Creators: name: VahĂŠ Asvatourian
name: ClĂŠlia Coutzac
name: Chaput, Nathalie
name: Robert, Caroline
name: Michiels, Stefan
name: Lanoy, Emilie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Estimation of causal effect. It details the formulas used for the calculation of causal effects. (DOCX 26Â kb)
Additional file 1: of Capacity gaps in health facilities for case management of intestinal schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminthiasis in Burundi
Creators: name: Bizimana, Paul
name: Polman, Katja
name: Geertruyden, Jean-Pierre Van
name: FrĂŠdĂŠric Nsabiyumva
name: CĂŠline Ngenzebuhoro
name: Muhimpundu, Elvis
name: Ortu, Giuseppina
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Multilingual abstracts in the six official working languages of the United Nations. (PDF 648 kb)
Self-Lensing By Binaries
Creators: name: Gould, Andrew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Lensing of one member of a binary by its companion is studied for several classes of binaries. For binaries in which at least one member is an ordinary (non-compact) star, the optical depths to lensing is extremely low, $τ\lsim v_\esc^4/c^4\sim 10^{-11}$. Here $v_\esc$ is the escape velocity from the component with the weaker potential. Binaries composed of two compact objects can have higher optical depths. About 0.2\% of millisecond pulsar binaries will be self-lensing. Such objects can be used to probe the pulsar-emission mechanism.
description: 8 pages, no figures, PostScript file, or request PostScript file to gould@payne.mps.ohio-state.edu, OSU-TA-20/94
An Accelerated LIF Neuronal Network Array for a Large Scale Mixed-Signal Neuromorphic Architecture
Creators: name: Aamir, Syed Ahmed
name: Stradmann, Yannik
name: Müller, Paul
name: Pehle, Christian
name: Hartel, Andreas
name: Grübl, Andreas
name: Schemmel, Johannes
name: Meier, Karlheinz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: Emerging Technologies (cs.ET)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an array of leaky integrate-and-fire (LIF) neuron circuits designed for the second-generation BrainScaleS mixed-signal 65-nm CMOS neuromorphic hardware. The neuronal array is embedded in the analog network core of a scaled-down prototype HICANN-DLS chip. Designed as continuous-time circuits, the neurons are highly tunable and reconfigurable elements with accelerated dynamics. Each neuron integrates input current from a multitude of incoming synapses and evokes a digital spike event output. The circuit offers a wide tuning range for synaptic and membrane time constants, as well as for refractory periods to cover a number of computational models. We elucidate our design methodology, underlying circuit design, calibration and measurement results from individual sub-circuits across multiple dies. The circuit dynamics match with the behavior of the LIF mathematical model. We further demonstrate a winner-take-all network on the prototype chip as a typical element of cortical processing.
description: 14 pages, 9 Figures, accepted for publication in IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I
The Craft of Character Story Telling in an Age of High-Tech Tools Panel
Creators: name: SEYMOUR, Mike
name: Coleman, Rob
name: Dean, Emily
name: Syed, Raqi
Publisher: name: Open Access Te Herenga Waka-Victoria University of Wellington
Year: 2024

description: Who is the ‘actor’ making the actor choices in an animated film, - the voice actor? the animator? the director?

Performance both technical and artistic and this panel will explore how these work to produce a powerful and effective performance.

We will look at ways animators effective explore and deliver subtext in character animation. The panel will discuss how generative AI may affect performances moving forward and the developments that the panel see being required in coming years.
Additional file 1: of Correction for retest effects across repeated measures of cognitive functioning: a longitudinal cohort study of postoperative delirium
Creators: name: Racine, Annie
name: Gou, Yun
name: Fong, Tamara
name: Marcantonio, Edward
name: Schmitt, Eva
name: Travison, Thomas
name: Inouye, Sharon
name: Jones, Richard
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Table S1. Model parameters for predicting GCP in Approach 3. (PDF 131 kb)
Mnemosyne, Itself
Creators: name: Rifkin, Adrian
Publisher: name: La Rivista di Engramma
Year: 2020
Subjects: Edgar Wind
Warburg Institute
Warburg Kreis

description: This essay concerns being taught without knowing quite what it is that one has learned, or how I overheard the disputes and differences in the Warbug Institute before the archives became manifest. It is a reading of certain personalities as a history of achievement and disappointment, both on an unprecedented scale and of an enigmatic complexity
Testing the anisotropy of the universe using the simulated gravitational wave events from advanced LIGO and Virgo
Creators: name: Lin, Hai-Nan
name: Li, Jin
name: Li, Xin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The detection of gravitational waves (GWs) provides a powerful tool to constrain the cosmological parameters. In this paper, we investigate the possibility of using GWs as standard sirens in testing the anisotropy of the universe. We consider the GW signals produced by the coalescence of binary black hole systems and simulate hundreds of GW events from the advanced Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) and Virgo. It is found that the anisotropy of the universe can be tightly constrained if the redshift of the GW source is precisely known. The anisotropic amplitude can be constrained with an accuracy comparable to the Union2.1 complication of type-Ia supernovae if $\gtrsim 400$ GW events are observed. As for the preferred direction, $\gtrsim 800$ GW events are needed in order to achieve the accuracy of Union2.1. With 800 GW events, the probability of pseudo anisotropic signals with an amplitude comparable to Union2.1 is negligible. These results show that GWs can provide a complementary tool to supernovae in testing the anisotropy of the universe.
description: 17 pages, 6 figures
The Secret Chern-Simons Action for the Hot Gluon Plasma
Creators: name: Efraty, R.
name: Nair, V. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1992
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the generating functional for hard thermal loops with external gluons in QCD is essentially given by the eikonal for a Chern-Simons gauge theory. This action, determined essentially by gauge invariance arguments, also gives an efficient way of obtaining the hard thermal loop contributions without the more involved calculation of Feynman diagrams.
description: (9 pages)