cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Experimental determination of effective light transport properties in fully anisotropic media
Creators: name: Pini, Ernesto
name: Naglič, Peter
name: Bürmen, Miran
name: Gatto, Alexander
name: Schäfer, Henrik
name: Wiersma, Diederik S.
name: Pattelli, Lorenzo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Structurally anisotropic materials are ubiquitous in several application fields, yet their accurate optical characterization remains challenging due to the lack of general models linking their scattering coefficients to the macroscopic transport observables, and the need to combine multiple measurements to retrieve their direction-dependent values. Here, we present an improved method for the experimental determination of light transport tensor coefficients from the diffusive rates measured along all three directions, based on transient transmittance measurements and a generalized Monte Carlo model. We apply our method to the characterization of light transport properties in two common anisotropic materials - polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) tape and paper - highlighting the magnitude of systematic deviations that are typically incurred when neglecting anisotropy.
BOSHLANG'ICH SINF O'QUVCHILARIGA  SO'ZLARNI TO'G'RI TALAFFUZ ETISH JARAYONLARINI O'RGATISHDA O'QISH TURLARINING AHAMIYATI
Creators: name: Sarvinozxon Karimova Andijon qishloq xo'jaligi va agrotexnologiyalar instituti O'zbek tili, pedagogika va jismoniy madaniyat kafedrasi assistenti
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Jahon andozalariga mos ravishda rivojlanayotgan mustaqil O'zbekistonimizda ta'lim tizimida har soniyada o'zgarish va islohotlar davom etmoqda.  Islohotlar ko'zlangan asosiy maqsad—kelajak egalari bo'lgan yosh avlodga, murg'ak qalblarga yetarlicha bilim, ilm berish. Biz buning yaqqol misolini maktabga ilk qadam qo'ygan jajji bolajonlarimizga o'qitiladigan ona tili va o'qish savodxonligi darslari misolida ko'rishimiz mumkin. 
Kalit so'zlar: Ona tili va o'qish savodxonligi, ifodali o'qish, matn, ifodali o'qish, izohli o'qish,  badiiy o'qish, tez o'qish, ongli o'qish.
On the Gorenstein and $\mathfrak{F}$-cohomological dimensions
Creators: name: John-Green, Simon St.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20J05 (Primary), 18G (Secondary)

description: We prove that for any discrete group $G$ with finite $\mathfrak{F}$-cohomological dimension, the Gorenstein cohomological dimension equals the $\mathfrak{F}$-cohomological dimension. This is achieved by constructing a long exact sequence of cohomological functors, analogous to that constructed by Avramov and Martsinkovsky, containing the $\mathfrak{F}$-cohomology and complete $\mathfrak{F}$-cohomology. As a corollary we improve upon a theorem of Degrijse concerning subadditivity of the $\mathfrak{F}$-cohomological dimension under group extensions.
description: 13 pages, no figures
title: Charmata nektarea propherei Andreiu Eortē; 1677
title: ... tu kyriu Andreu Unglenkiu ...
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Oporinus, Martinus
name: Unglenk, Andreas
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2008

description: Text griech.
The worst North American drought year of the last millennium: 1934
Creators: name: Cook, Benjamin I.
name: Seager, Richard
name: Smerdon, Jason E.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Precipitation (Meteorology)
Droughts
Climatic changes
Meteorology
Atmosphere

description: During the summer of 1934, over 70% of western North America experienced extreme drought, placing this summer far outside the normal range of drought variability and making 1934 the single worst drought year of the last millennium. Strong atmospheric ridging along the West Coast suppressed cold season precipitation across the Northwest, Southwest, and California, a circulation pattern similar to the winters of 1976–1977 and 2013–2014. In the spring and summer, the drying spread to the Midwest and Central Plains, driven by severe precipitation deficits downwind from regions of major dust storm activity, consistent with previous work linking drying during the Dust Bowl to anthropogenic dust aerosol forcing. Despite a moderate La Niña, contributions from sea surface temperature forcing were small, suggesting that the anomalous 1934 drought was primarily a consequence of atmospheric variability, possibly amplified by dust forcing that intensified and spread the drought across nearly all of western North America.
Multidecadal variability in East African hydroclimate controlled by the Indian Ocean
Creators: name: Tierney, Jessica E.
name: Smerdon, Jason E.
name: Anchukaitis, Kevin
name: Seager, Richard
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Rain and rainfall--Measurement
Paleoclimatology
Precipitation (Meteorology)
Ocean temperature--Measurement
Climatic changes
Atmosphere
Meteorology

description: The recent decades-long decline in East African rainfall suggests that multidecadal variability is an important component of the climate of this vulnerable region. Prior work based on analysing the instrumental record implicates both Indian and Pacific ocean sea surface temperatures (SSTs) as possible drivers of East African multidecadal climate variability, but the short length of the instrumental record precludes a full elucidation of the underlying physical mechanisms. Here we show that on timescales beyond the decadal, the Indian Ocean drives East African rainfall variability by altering the local Walker circulation, whereas the influence of the Pacific Ocean is minimal. Our results, based on proxy indicators of relative moisture balance for the past millennium paired with long control simulations from coupled climate models, reveal that moist conditions in coastal East Africa are associated with cool SSTs (and related descending circulation) in the eastern Indian Ocean and ascending circulation over East Africa. The most prominent event identified in the proxy record—a coastal pluvial from 1680 to 1765—occurred when Indo-Pacific warm pool SSTs reached their minimum values of the past millennium. Taken together, the proxy and model evidence suggests that Indian Ocean SSTs are the primary influence on East African rainfall over multidecadal and perhaps longer timescales.
EasyMLServe: Easy Deployment of REST Machine Learning Services
Creators: name: Neumann, Oliver
name: Schilling, Marcel
name: Reischl, Markus
name: Mikut, Ralf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Various research domains use machine learning approaches because they can solve complex tasks by learning from data. Deploying machine learning models, however, is not trivial and developers have to implement complete solutions which are often installed locally and include Graphical User Interfaces (GUIs). Distributing software to various users on-site has several problems. Therefore, we propose a concept to deploy software in the cloud. There are several frameworks available based on Representational State Transfer (REST) which can be used to implement cloud-based machine learning services. However, machine learning services for scientific users have special requirements that state-of-the-art REST frameworks do not cover completely. We contribute an EasyMLServe software framework to deploy machine learning services in the cloud using REST interfaces and generic local or web-based GUIs. Furthermore, we apply our framework on two real-world applications, \ie, energy time-series forecasting and cell instance segmentation. The EasyMLServe framework and the use cases are available on GitHub.
Spirit checklist new edited:Effectiveness of dynamic neuromuscular stabilization, neurodevelopmental techniques and proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation on trunk and gait parameters in patients with subacute stroke: A three-arm parallel randomised clinical trial
Creators: name: Swadha P. Udhoji
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Spirit checklist new edited: Effectiveness of dynamic neuromuscular stabilization, neurodevelopmental techniques and proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation on trunk and gait parameters in patients with subacute stroke: A three-arm parallel randomised clinical trial
КО.ЛО.ДЦ.ЕВ.АЯ КЛ.АД.КА
Creators: name: Абдуллаев  Икромжон Аминжанович Қурилиш муҳандислиги кафедраси ассистенти, Андижон иқтисодиёт ва қурилиш институти.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Об.ле.гч.ен.ны.е на.ру.жн.ые ст.ен.ы пр.ое.кт.ир.ую.т   – с ут.еп.ли.те.ле.м ме.жд.у дв.ух ст.ен.ок сп.ло.шн.ой кл.ад.ки. В эт.ом сл.уч.ае ра.зл.ич.аю.т тр.и ос.но.вн.ых ко.нс.тр.ук.ти.вн.ых ва.ри.ан.та ст.ен – ст.ен.ы с го.ри.зо.нт.ал.ьн.ым.и вы.пу.ск.ам.и ан.ке.рн.ых ка.мн.ей, ст.ен.ы с ве.рт.ик.ал.ьн.ым.и ди.аф.ра.гм.ам.и из ка.мн.ей (ко.ло.дц.ев.ая кл.ад.ка) и ст.ен.ы с го.ри.зо.нт.ал.ьн.ым.и ди.аф.ра.гм.ам.и.
 В этой статье   речь идет о  kо.ло.дц.ев.ая кл.ад.ка, по.жа.лу.й, са.мы.й ра.сп.ро.ст.ра.нё.нн.ый и на.иб.ол.ее эк.он.ом.ич.ны.й ви.д во.зв.ед.ен.ия ки.рп.ич.ны.х ст.ен ма.ло.эт.аж.ны.х зд.ан.ий. 
Ключевые слова: kо.ло.дц.ев.ая кл.ад.ка, фу.нд.ам.ен.т ,тр.ёх.сл.ой.ны.е ко.нс.тр.ук.ця, ки.рп.ич ,ут.еп.ли.те.ль.
Saturation effect in confined quantum systems with energy-dependent potentials
Creators: name: AL-Sbaheen, Ohood Ali
name: Al-Jamel, Ahmed
name: Al-Masaeed, Mohamed Ghaleb
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we study the saturation effect in the energy or mass spectra of three quantum models with energy-dependent potentials: the harmonic oscillator, the hydrogen atom, and the heavy quarkonia. We used the method proposed in \cite{garcia2009exactly}, which is based on studying various canonical point and gauge transformations applied to a function, $g(x)$, multiplied by a given differential equation of known solutions as special orthogonal functions, that convert it into a Schr{ö}dinger-like equation. The first two models stem from implementing the method on the confluent hypergeometric differential of the well-known solutions ${}_1 F_1$, while the third model (heavy quarkonia) stems possibly from the hypergeometric differential of the well-known solutions ${}_2 F_1$. In particular, the heavy quarkonia mass spectra for both $c\bar c$ and $b\bar b$ are produced at different values of the saturation parameter $λ$ and compared with the available experimental data. It is found that these systems may exhibit saturation effect when the energy-dependent effect is included.
ACCOUNTABILITY (RESPONSIBILITY) OF THE GOVERNMENT OF INDONESIA IN THE CONTEXT OF GOOD GOVERNANCE
Creators: name: RURUH WICAKSONO
name: ACHMAD BUSRO
name: RB SULARTO
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Responsibility, Governance, Good Governance.

description: Abstract
This study aims to analyze the Accountability (Responsibility) of the Government of Indonesia in the Context of Good Governance. The results showed that the Government has two positions, namely as one of the state organs and as a state administration. As an organ of state, the government acts for and on behalf of the state. Meanwhile, as a state administration, the government can act both in the field of regulation (regelen) and in the field of service (bestuuren). In order to guarantee and provide a legal basis that government actions (bestuurhendeling) carried out by the government as a legitimate and justified, accountable and responsible act (liable ), then every act of government must be based on just, dignified and democratic laws. Compensation for the following: 1) Indemnification for unlawful acts; 2) Indemnity for acts committed by others; 3) Indemnity for animal owners; 4) Indemnity for owners of collapsed buildings; 5) Reparations for the family singled by the murdered person; 6) Indemnity because the person has been injured or disabled limb; and 7) Redress for acts of humiliation.
A Remote Baby Surveillance System with RFID and GPS Tracking
Creators: name: Sundarajoo, Ruven A/L
name: Chung, Gwo Chin
name: Pang, Wai Leong
name: Tan, Soo Fun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: In the 21st century, sending babies or children to daycare centres has become more and more common among young guardians. The balance between full-time work and child care is increasingly challenging nowadays. In Malaysia, thousands of child abuse cases have been reported from babysitting centres every year, which indeed triggers the anxiety and stress of the guardians. Hence, this paper proposes to construct a remote baby surveillance system with radio-frequency identification (RFID) and global positioning system (GPS) tracking. With the incorporation of the Internet of Things (IoT), a sensor-based microcontroller is used to detect the conditions of the baby as well as the surrounding environment and then display the real-time data as well as notifications to alert the guardians via a mobile application. These conditions include the crying and waking of the baby, as well as temperature, the mattress's wetness, and moving objects around the baby. In addition, RFID and GPS location tracking are implemented to ensure the safety of the baby, while white noise is used to increase the comfort of the baby. In the end, a prototype has been successfully developed for functionality and reliability testing. Several experiments have been conducted to measure the efficiency of the mattress's wetness detection, the RFID transmission range, the frequency spectrum of white noise, and also the output power of the solar panel. The proposed system is expected to assist guardians in ensuring the safety and comfort of their babies remotely, as well as prevent any occurrence of child abuse.
description: 12 pages, 13 figures Published with International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology (IJETT)
Semiempirical pseudopotential approach for nitride-based nanostructures and {\it ab initio} based passivation of free surfaces
Creators: name: Molina-Sánchez, Alejandro
name: García-Cristóbal, Alberto
name: Bester, Gabriel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a semiempirical pseudopotential method based on screened atomic pseudopotentials and derived from \textit{ab initio} calculations. This approach is motivated by the demand for pseudopotentials able to address nanostructures, where \textit{ab initio} methods are both too costly and insufficiently accurate at the level of the local-density approximation, while mesoscopic effective-mass approaches are inapplicable due to the small size of the structures along, at least, one dimension. In this work we improve the traditional pseudopotential method by a two-step process: First, we invert a set of self-consistently determined screened {\it ab initio} potentials in wurtzite GaN for a range of unit cell volumes, thus determining spherically-symmetric and structurally averaged atomic potentials. Second, we adjust the potentials to reproduce observed excitation energies. We find that the adjustment represents a reasonably small perturbation over the potential, so that the ensuing potential still reproduces the original wave functions, while the excitation energies are significantly improved. We furthermore deal with the passivation of the dangling bonds of free surfaces which is relevant for the study of nanowires and colloidal nanoparticles. We present a methodology to derive passivant pseudopotentials from {\it ab initio} calculations. We apply our pseudopotential approach to the exploration of the confinement effects on the electronic structure of GaN nanowires.
MAQSUD SHAYXZODA- IKKI XALQNING  SO'NMAS YULDUZI
Creators: name: Yo'ldosheva Farangiz Sayfiddin qizi TOSHKENT DAVLAT TRANSPORT UNIVERSITETI Yurisprudensiya (xalqaro transport huquqi) 2-bosqich talabasi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Ushnu maqolada ikki xalqning ardoqli shoiri, dramaturg, adabiyotshunos olim, tanqidchi, noshir, tarjimon, pedagog Maqsud Shayxzodaning  hayoti va betakror ijodiga chuqur nazar solingan. Shuningdek, Maqsud Shayxzoda haqida hikoya qiladigan ushbu maqolamiz Shayxzodaning hayot va ijodiy faoliyatiga katta qiziqish uyg'otadi.
 
Kalit so'zlar. Maqsud Shayxzoda, she'r, ijodiy faoliyat, ey ko'ngil, daydi shamol, yulduzlarga bo'ldim hamsoya she'rlari.
Evidence for large-scale excesses associated with low HI column densities in the sky $$\\$$I. Dust excess
Creators: name: Casandjian, Jean-Marc
name: Ballet, Jean
name: Grenier, Isabelle
name: Remy, Quentin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Where dust and gas are uniformly mixed, atomic hydrogen can be traced through the detection of far-infrared (FIR) or UV emission of dust. We considered, for the origin of discrepancies observed between various direct and indirect tracers of gas outside the Galactic plane, possible corrections to the zero levels of the Planck-HFI detectors. We set the zero levels of the Planck High Frequency Instrument (HFI) skymaps as well as the 100 $μ$m map from COBE/DIRBE and IRAS from the correlation between FIR emission and atomic hydrogen column density excluding regions of lowest gas column density. A modified blackbody model fit to those new zero-subtracted maps led to significantly different maps of the opacity spectral index $β$ and temperature $T$ and an overall increase in the optical depth at 353 GHz $τ_{353}$ of 7.1$\times$10$^{-7}$ compared to the data release 2 Planck map. When comparing $τ_{353}$ and the HI column density, we observed a uniform spatial distribution of the opacity outside regions with dark neutral gas and CO except in various large-scale regions of low NHI that represent 25% of the sky. In those regions, we observed an average dust column density 45% higher than predictions based on NHI with a maximum of 250% toward the Lockman Hole region. From the average opacity $σ_{e 353}$=(8.9$\pm$0.1)$\times$10$^{-27}$ cm$^2$ we deduced a dust-to-gas mass ratio of 0.53$\times$10$^{-2}$. We did not see evidence of dust associated to a Reynolds layer of ionized hydrogen. We measured a far-ultraviolet isotropic intensity of 137$\pm$15 photons s$^{-1}$cm$^{-2}$sr$^{-1}$$A$$^{-1}$ in agreement with extragalactic flux predictions and a near-ultraviolet isotropic intensity of 378$\pm$45 photons s$^{-1}$cm$^{-2}$sr$^{-1}$$A$$^{-1}$ corresponding to twice the predicted flux.
description: Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
A Rapidly Star-forming Galaxy 700 Million Years After the Big Bang at z=7.51
Creators: name: Finkelstein, S. L.
name: Papovich, C.
name: Dickinson, M.
name: Song, M.
name: Tilvi, V.
name: Koekemoer, A. M.
name: Finkelstein, K. D.
name: Mobasher, B.
name: Ferguson, H. C.
name: Giavalisco, M.
name: Reddy, N.
name: Ashby, M. L. N.
name: Dekel, A.
name: Fazio, G. G.
name: Fontana, A.
name: Grogin, N. A.
name: Huang, J. -S.
name: Kocevski, D.
name: Rafelski, M.
name: Weiner, B. J.
name: Willner, S. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Out of several dozen z > 7 candidate galaxies observed spectroscopically, only five have been confirmed via Lyman-alpha emission, at z=7.008, 7.045, 7.109, 7.213 and 7.215. The small fraction of confirmed galaxies may indicate that the neutral fraction in the intergalactic medium (IGM) rises quickly at z > 6.5, as Lyman-alpha is resonantly scattered by neutral gas. However, the small samples and limited depth of previous observations makes these conclusions tentative. Here we report the results of a deep near-infrared spectroscopic survey of 43 z > 6.5 galaxies. We detect only a single galaxy, confirming that some process is making Lyman-alpha difficult to detect. The detected emission line at 1.0343 um is likely to be Lyman-alpha emission, placing this galaxy at a redshift z = 7.51, an epoch 700 million years after the Big Bang. This galaxy's colors are consistent with significant metal content, implying that galaxies become enriched rapidly. We measure a surprisingly high star formation rate of 330 Msol/yr, more than a factor of 100 greater than seen in the Milky Way. Such a galaxy is unexpected in a survey of our size, suggesting that the early universe may harbor more intense sites of star-formation than expected.
description: To be published in Nature on 24 October. Under press embargo until 1pm EDT on 23 October. 12 pages, 8 figures, 4 tables (including supplementary information)
An N-Point Linear Solver for Line and Motion Estimation with Event Cameras
Creators: name: Gao, Ling
name: Gehrig, Daniel
name: Su, Hang
name: Scaramuzza, Davide
name: Kneip, Laurent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Event cameras respond primarily to edges--formed by strong gradients--and are thus particularly well-suited for line-based motion estimation. Recent work has shown that events generated by a single line each satisfy a polynomial constraint which describes a manifold in the space-time volume. Multiple such constraints can be solved simultaneously to recover the partial linear velocity and line parameters. In this work, we show that, with a suitable line parametrization, this system of constraints is actually linear in the unknowns, which allows us to design a novel linear solver. Unlike existing solvers, our linear solver (i) is fast and numerically stable since it does not rely on expensive root finding, (ii) can solve both minimal and overdetermined systems with more than 5 events, and (iii) admits the characterization of all degenerate cases and multiple solutions. The found line parameters are singularity-free and have a fixed scale, which eliminates the need for auxiliary constraints typically encountered in previous work. To recover the full linear camera velocity we fuse observations from multiple lines with a novel velocity averaging scheme that relies on a geometrically-motivated residual, and thus solves the problem more efficiently than previous schemes which minimize an algebraic residual. Extensive experiments in synthetic and real-world settings demonstrate that our method surpasses the previous work in numerical stability, and operates over 600 times faster.
Model For Handling Stunting In Indonesia
Creators: name: Vira Zahra Alkharis
name: Ristiana Dyah Purwandari
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Stunting, Pregnant Women, Babies, Children, Moringa Oleifera.

description: Abstract
Stunting is an occurance of stunted body growth as a result of a lack of complete nutritional intake both in quantity and quality that occurs in children in the first 1000 days of life (1000 HPK). One of the efforts that can be made is implementing a model for handling stunting in Indonesia which is expected to support reducing the prevalence of stunting in Indonesia and achieving the expected targets. The method used in this research is using the literature review method with the questions used in reviewing journals adjusted to PICOT and journal search terms via MESH (Medical Subject Heading), there are no restrictions in taking journals, researchers write keywords according to MESH (Medical Subject Heading). Headings) namely "stunting prevention", "pregnant women", "nursing mothers", "toddlers", and "moringa oleifera" were then selected as full text. The results and conclusions from several journals that have been analyzed show that in efforts to deal with stunting of pregnant women, children aged 0-6 months, and children aged 7-23 months in several developing countries, nutritional deficiencies are still the main problem causing stunting. Moringa Oleifera is a plant that is rich in nutrients and is good for fulfilling nutrition to prevent stunting in pregnant women, children aged 0-6 months and aged 0-23 months.
Dynamic Soaring as a Means to Exceed the Solar Wind Speed
Creators: name: Larrouturou, Mathias N.
name: Higgins, Andrew J.
name: Greason, Jeffrey K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A technique by which a spacecraft can interact with flows of ionized gas in space (the solar wind or interstellar medium) to be accelerated to velocities greater than the wind velocity is explored. Inspired by the dynamic soaring maneuvers performed by sea birds and gliders in which differences in wind speed are exploited to gain velocity, in the proposed technique a lift-generating spacecraft circles between regions of the heliosphere that have different wind speeds, gaining energy without the use of propellant and only modest onboard power requirements. The spacecraft motion can be modeled as a series of elastic collisions between regions of the medium moving at different speeds. Models of the trajectory are developed to predict the potential velocity gains and the maximum velocity that may be achieved in terms of the lift-to-drag ratio of the vehicle. A lift-generating mechanism is proposed in which power is extracted from the flow over the vehicle in the flight direction and then used to accelerate the surrounding medium in the transverse direction, generating lift. Large values of lift-to-drag ratio are shown to be possible in the case where a small transverse velocity is imparted over a large area of interaction. The requirement for large interaction area in the extremely low density of the heliosphere precludes the use of physical wings, but the use of plasma waves generated by compact, directional antennas to impart momentum on the surrounding medium is feasible, with R-waves, X-waves, Alfven, and magnetosonic waves appearing as promising candidates. A mission is defined in which dynamic soaring is performed on the termination shock of the heliosphere, speeds of 2% of c to be reached within 2.5 years of launch without the expenditure of propellant. The technique may comprise the first stage for a multistage mission to achieve true interstellar flight to other solar systems.
description: Minor correction to notation in Eq. (2). This correction does not affect the results or findings
Multicast Network Coding and Field Sizes
Creators: name: Qifu
name: Sun
name: Yin, Xunrui
name: Li, Zongpeng
name: Long, Keping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In an acyclic multicast network, it is well known that a linear network coding solution over GF($q$) exists when $q$ is sufficiently large. In particular, for each prime power $q$ no smaller than the number of receivers, a linear solution over GF($q$) can be efficiently constructed. In this work, we reveal that a linear solution over a given finite field does \emph{not} necessarily imply the existence of a linear solution over all larger finite fields. Specifically, we prove by construction that: (i) For every source dimension no smaller than 3, there is a multicast network linearly solvable over GF(7) but not over GF(8), and another multicast network linearly solvable over GF(16) but not over GF(17); (ii) There is a multicast network linearly solvable over GF(5) but not over such GF($q$) that $q > 5$ is a Mersenne prime plus 1, which can be extremely large; (iii) A multicast network linearly solvable over GF($q^{m_1}$) and over GF($q^{m_2}$) is \emph{not} necessarily linearly solvable over GF($q^{m_1+m_2}$); (iv) There exists a class of multicast networks with a set $T$ of receivers such that the minimum field size $q_{min}$ for a linear solution over GF($q_{min}$) is lower bounded by $Θ(\sqrt{|T|})$, but not every larger field than GF($q_{min}$) suffices to yield a linear solution. The insight brought from this work is that not only the field size, but also the order of subgroups in the multiplicative group of a finite field affects the linear solvability of a multicast network.
Impact of borehole depths on reconstructed estimates of ground surface temperature histories and energy storage
Creators: name: Beltrami, Hugo
name: Matharoo, Gurpreet S.
name: Smerdon, Jason E.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Climatic changes
subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Geothermal resources
subject: Earth temperature--Measurement
subject: Paleoclimatology

description: Estimates of ground surface temperature changes and continental energy storage from geothermal data have become well-accepted indicators of climatic changes. These estimates are independent contributions to the ensemble of paleoclimatic reconstructions and have been used for the validation of general circulation models, and as a component of the energy budget accounting of the global climate system. Recent global and hemispheric analyses of geothermal data were based on data available in the borehole paleoclimatology database, which contains subsurface temperature profiles from a minimum depth of 200 m to about 600 m. Because of the nature of heat conduction, different depth ranges contain the record of past and persistent changes in the energy balance between the lower atmosphere and the ground for different time periods. Here we examine the dependency of estimated ground surface temperature histories and the magnitude of the subsurface heat content on the depth of borehole temperature profiles. Our results show that uncertainties in the estimates of the long-term surface temperature are in the range of ±0.5K. We conclude that previous estimates of ground surface temperature change remain valid for the period since industrialization, but longer-term estimates are subject to considerable uncertainties. The subsurface heat content shows a larger range of variability arising from differences in depth of the borehole temperature profiles, as well as from differences in the time of data acquisition, spanning four decades. These results indicate that estimates of subsurface heat should be carried out with caution to decrease cumulative errors in any spatial analysis.
Bounds on fifth forces at the sub-Angstrom length scale
Creators: name: Salumbides, E. J.
name: Ubachs, W.
name: Korobov, V. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Constraints on a possible fifth-force interaction between hadrons are derived based on an analysis of results from laser precision frequency measurements of antiprotonic helium atoms, both $\bar{p}\,^{4}$He$^{+}$ and $\bar{p}\,^{3}$He$^{+}$ species, and from experiments on resonant formation rates of $ddμ^{+}$-ions in muon-catalyzed fusion processes. A comparison is made between accurate experimental data and first-principles theoretical descriptions of the exotic systems within a quantum electrodynamical framework. The agreement between theory and experiment sets limits on a possible additional hadron-hadron interaction written in the form of a Yukawa potential $V_5(r)=α_5 \exp(-r/λ)/r$, with $λ$ representing the characteristic length scale associated with the mass of a hypothetical force-carrying particle via $λ=\hbar/(m_5c)$. The laser spectroscopic data of antiprotonic helium set a constraint of $α_5/α_{EM} < 10^{-8}$ for $λ< 1$ Å, while the binding energy of the muonic molecular deuterium ion delivers a constraint of $α_5/α_{EM} \sim 10^{-5}$ for $λ< 0.05$ Å, where $α_{EM}$ represents the strength of the electromagnetic interaction or the fine structure constant.
How Soil Organic Matter Composition Controls Hexachlorobenzene-Soil-Interactions: Adsorption Isotherms and Quantum Chemical Modelling
Creators: name: Ahmed, Ashour
name: Leinweber, Peter
name: Kühn, Oliver
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hazardous persistent organic pollutants (POPs) interact in soil with the soil organic matter (SOM) but this interaction is insufficiently understood at the molecular level. We investigated the adsorption of hexachlorobenzene (HCB) on soil samples with systematically modified SOM. These samples included the original soil, the soil modified by adding a hot water extract (HWE) fraction (soil+3 HWE and soil+6 HWE), and the pyrolyzed soil. The SOM contents increased in the order pyrolyzed soil < original soil < soil+3 HWE < soil+6 HWE. For the latter three samples this order was also valid for the HCB adsorption. The pyrolyzed soil adsorbed more HCB than the other samples at low initial concentrations, but at higher concentrations the HCB adsorption became weaker than in the samples with HWE addition. This adsorption behaviour combined with the differences in the chemical composition between the soil samples suggested that alkylated aromatic, phenol, and lignin monomer compounds contributed most to the HCB adsorption. To obtain a molecular level understanding, a test set has been developed on the basis of elemental analysis which comprises 32 representative soil constituents. The calculated binding free energy for HCB with each representative system shows that HCB binds to SOM stronger than to soil minerals. For SOM, HCB binds to alkylated aromatic, phenols, lignin monomers, and hydrophobic aliphatic compounds stronger than to polar aliphatic compounds confirming the above adsorption isotherms. Moreover, quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) of the binding free energy with independent physical properties of the test set systems for the first time indicated that the polarizability, the partial charge on the carbon atoms, and the molar volume are the most important properties controlling HCB-SOM interactions.
Estimates of discrete time derivatives for the parabolic-parabolic Robin-Robin coupling method
Creators: name: Burman, Erik
name: Durst, Rebecca
name: Fernández, Miguel A.
name: Guzmán, Johnny
name: Liu, Sijing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider a loosely coupled, non-iterative Robin-Robin coupling method proposed and analyzed in [J. Numer. Math., 31(1):59--77, 2023] for a parabolic-parabolic interface problem and prove estimates for the discrete time derivatives of the scalar field in different norms. When the interface is flat and perpendicular to two of the edges of the domain we prove error estimates in the $H^2$-norm. Such estimates are key ingredients to analyze a defect correction method for the parabolic-parabolic interface problem. Numerical results are shown to support our findings.
Who is Gambling? Finding Cryptocurrency Gamblers Using Multi-modal Retrieval Methods
Creators: name: Huang, Zhengjie
name: Liu, Zhenguang
name: Chen, Jianhai
name: He, Qinming
name: Wu, Shuang
name: Zhu, Lei
name: Wang, Meng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Statistical Finance (q-fin.ST)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: With the popularity of cryptocurrencies and the remarkable development of blockchain technology, decentralized applications emerged as a revolutionary force for the Internet. Meanwhile, decentralized applications have also attracted intense attention from the online gambling community, with more and more decentralized gambling platforms created through the help of smart contracts. Compared with conventional gambling platforms, decentralized gambling have transparent rules and a low participation threshold, attracting a substantial number of gamblers. In order to discover gambling behaviors and identify the contracts and addresses involved in gambling, we propose a tool termed ETHGamDet. The tool is able to automatically detect the smart contracts and addresses involved in gambling by scrutinizing the smart contract code and address transaction records. Interestingly, we present a novel LightGBM model with memory components, which possesses the ability to learn from its own misclassifications. As a side contribution, we construct and release a large-scale gambling dataset at https://github.com/AwesomeHuang/Bitcoin-Gambling-Dataset to facilitate future research in this field. Empirically, ETHGamDet achieves a F1-score of 0.72 and 0.89 in address classification and contract classification respectively, and offers novel and interesting insights.
Buckets of Higgs and Tops
Creators: name: Buckley, Matthew R.
name: Plehn, Tilman
name: Schell, Torben
name: Takeuchi, Michihisa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that associated production of a Higgs with a top pair can be observed in purely hadronic decays. Reconstructing the top quarks in the form of jet buckets allows us to control QCD backgrounds as well as signal combinatorics. The background can be measured from side bands in the reconstructed Higgs mass. We back up our claims with a detailed study of the QCD event simulation, both for the signal and for the backgrounds.
description: 16 pages, 7 figures
title: Vom alten Mathematiker Conrad Dasypodius; 1796
title: Ein literarischer Versuch der Königlichen Societät der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen im September 1794. vorgelegt
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Blumhof, Johann Georg Ludolph
name: Kästner, Abraham Gotthelf
name: Dasypodius, Konrad
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2008

description: Vorlageform des Erscheinungsvermerks: Göttingen, bey Johann Christian Daniel Schneider. 1796.
Unprecedented 21st century drought risk in the American Southwest and Central Plains
Creators: name: Cook, Benjamin I.
name: Ault, Toby R.
name: Smerdon, Jason E.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: Soil moisture--Measurement
Paleoclimatology
Climatic changes
Drought forecasting
Meteorology
Atmosphere

description: In the Southwest and Central Plains of Western North America, climate change is expected to increase drought severity in the coming decades. These regions nevertheless experienced extended Medieval-era droughts that were more persistent than any historical event, providing crucial targets in the paleoclimate record for benchmarking the severity of future drought risks. We use an empirical drought reconstruction and three soil moisture metrics from 17 state-of-the-art general circulation models to show that these models project significantly drier conditions in the later half of the 21st century compared to the 20th century and earlier paleoclimatic intervals. This desiccation is consistent across most of the models and moisture balance variables, indicating a coherent and robust drying response to warming despite the diversity of models and metrics analyzed. Notably, future drought risk will likely exceed even the driest centuries of the Medieval Climate Anomaly (1100–1300 CE) in both moderate (RCP 4.5) and high (RCP 8.5) future emissions scenarios, leading to unprecedented drought conditions during the last millennium.
TELEVIDENIYEDA KASB ETIKASINING MAQSADI VA VAZIFALARI
Creators: name: Luiza Toshpo'latova journalist
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Annotatsiya. Ushbu tezis bugungu kunda mamalakatimiz uchun OAVning o'rni va ahamiyati, televideniyadagi ko'rsatuvlarning saviyasi odob axloq qoidalariga qay darajada javob berayotganligi yoki aksincha insonlar ongida salbiy fikrlarni uyg'otayabdimi yoqmi tezisda qisqacha mavjud muammo yuzasidan taklif va tavsiyalar keltiriladi.
Kalit so'zlar. Televideniye, OAV, intrnet, sun'iy yo'ldosh, telvizion,
Noncommutative Extension of AdS-CFT and Holographic Superconductors
Creators: name: Pramanik, Souvik
name: Das, Sudipta
name: Ghosh, Subir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this Letter, we consider a Non-Commutative (NC) extension of AdS-CFT correspondence and its effects on holographic superconductors. NC corrections are incorporated via the NC generalization of Schwarzschild black hole metric in AdS with the probe limit. We study NC effects on the relations connecting the charge density and the critical temperature of the Holographic Superconductors. Furthermore, condensation operator of the superconductor has been analyzed. Our results suggest that generically, NC effects increase the critical temperature of the holographic superconductor.
description: One figure is added, modification in formalism and noncommutative effects emergent from star product has been removed. Results altered but main conclusions remain unchanged. To appear in Phys.Lett. B
An update to the Surface Ocean CO₂ Atlas (SOCAT version 2)
Creators: name: Bakker, D. C. E.
name: Pfeil, B.
name: Smith, K.
name: Hankin, S.
name: Olsen, A.
name: Alin, S. R.
name: Cosca, C.
name: Harasawa, S.
name: Kozyr, A.
name: Nojiri, Y.
name: O'Brien, K. M.
name: Schuster, U.
name: Telszewski, M.
name: Tilbrook, B.
name: Wada, C.
name: Akl, J.
name: Barbero, L.
name: Bates, N. R.
name: Boutin, J.
name: Bozec, Y.
name: Cai, W.-J.
name: Castle, R. D.
name: Chavez, F. P.
name: Chen, L.
name: Chierici, M.
name: Currie, K.
name: De Baar, H. J. W.
name: Evans, W.
name: Feely, R. A.
name: Fransson, A.
name: Gao, Z.
name: Hales, B.
name: Hardman-Mountford, N. J.
name: Hoppema, M.
name: Huang, W.-J.
name: Hunt, C. W.
name: Huss, B.
name: Ichikawa, T.
name: Johannessen, T.
name: Jones, E. M.
name: Jones, S. D.
name: Jutterström, S.
name: Kitidis, V.
name: Körtzinger, A.
name: Landschützer, P.
name: Lauvset, S. K.
name: Lefèvre, N.
name: Manke, A. B.
name: Mathis, J. T.
name: Merlivat, L.
name: Metzl, N.
name: Murata, A.
name: Newberger, T.
name: Omar, A. M.
name: Ono, T.
name: Park, G.-H.
name: Paterson, K.
name: Pierrot, D.
name: Ríos, A. F.
name: Sabine, C. L.
name: Saito, S.
name: Salisbury, J.
name: Sarma, V. V. S. S.
name: Schlitzer, R.
name: Sieger, R.
name: Skjelvan, I.
name: Steinhoff, T.
name: Sullivan, K. F.
name: Sun., H.
name: Sutton, A. J.
name: Suzuki, T.
name: Sweeney, C.
name: Takahashi, Taro
name: Tjiputra, J.
name: Tsurushima, N.
name: Van Heuven, S. M. A. C.
name: Vandemark, D.
name: Vlahos, P.
name: Wallace, D. W. R.
name: Wanninkhof, R.
name: Watson, A. J.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Carbon dioxide--Environmental aspects--Mathematical models
Earth sciences--Data processing
Marine sciences--Research--International cooperation
Chemical oceanography
Hydrology
Information science

description: The Surface Ocean CO₂ Atlas (SOCAT), an activity of the international marine carbon research community, provides access to synthesis and gridded fCO₂ (fugacity of carbon dioxide) products for the surface oceans. Version 2 of SOCAT is an update of the previous release (version 1) with more data (increased from 6.3 million to 10.1 million surface water fCO₂ values) and extended data coverage (from 1968–2007 to 1968–2011). The quality control criteria, while identical in both versions, have been applied more strictly in version 2 than in version 1. The SOCAT website (http://www.socat.info/) has links to quality control comments, metadata, individual data set files, and synthesis and gridded data products. Interactive online tools allow visitors to explore the richness of the data. Applications of SOCAT include process studies, quantification of the ocean carbon sink and its spatial, seasonal, year-to-year and longerterm variation, as well as initialisation or validation of ocean carbon models and coupled climate-carbon models.
Theoretical predictions for the effect of nebular emission on the broad band photometry of high-redshift galaxies
Creators: name: Wilkins, Stephen M.
name: Coulton, William
name: Caruana, Joseph
name: Croft, Rupert
name: Di Matteo, Tiziana
name: Khandai, Nishikanta
name: Feng, Yu
name: Bunker, Andrew
name: Elbert, Holly
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By combining optical and near-IR observations from the Hubble Space Telescope with NIR photometry from the Spitzer Space Telescope it is possible to measure the rest-frame UV-optical colours of galaxies at z=4-8. The UV-optical spectral energy distribution of star formation dominated galaxies is the result of several different factors. These include the joint distribution of stellar masses, ages, and metallicities, and the subsequent reprocessing by dust and gas in the ISM. Using a large cosmological hydrodynamical simulation we investigate the predicted spectral energy distributions of galaxies at high-redshift with a particular emphasis on assessing the potential contribution of nebular emission. We find that the average pure stellar UV-optical colour correlates with both luminosity and redshift such that galaxies at lower-redshift and higher-luminosity are typically redder. Assuming the escape fraction of ionising photons is close to zero, the effect of nebular emission is to redden the UV-optical 1500-V_w colour by, on average, 0.4 mag at z=8 declining to 0.25 mag at z=4. Young and low-metallicity stellar populations, which typically have bluer pure stellar UV-optical colours, produce larger ionising luminosities and are thus more strongly affected by the reddening effects of nebular emission. This causes the distribution of 1500-V_w colours to narrow and the trends with luminosity and redshift to weaken. The strong effect of nebular emission leaves observed-frame colours critically sensitive to the source redshift. For example, increasing the redshift by 0.1 can result in observed frame colours changing by up to ~0.6. These predictions reinforce the need to include nebular emission when modelling the spectral energy distributions of galaxies at high-redshift and also highlight the difficultly in interpreting the observed colours of individual galaxies without precise redshifts.
description: 13 pages, 17 figures, accepted in MNRAS
Double loop dc-SQUID as a tunable Josephson diode
Creators: name: Greco, A.
name: Pichard, Q.
name: Strambini, E.
name: Giazotto, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The development of superconducting electronics requires careful characterization of the components that make up electronic circuits. Superconducting weak links are the building blocks of most superconducting electronics components and are characterized by highly nonlinear current-to-phase relations (CPR), which are often not perfectly known. Recent research has found that the Josephson diode effect (JDE) can be related to the high harmonic content of the current-to-phase relation of the weak links embedded in superconducting interferometers. This makes the JDE a natural tool for exploring the harmonic content of weak links beyond single-harmonic CPR. In this study, we present the theoretical model and experimental characterization of a double-loop superconducting quantum interference device (DL-SQUID) that embeds all-metallic superconductor-normal metal-superconductor junctions. The proposed device exhibits the JDE due to the interference of the supercurrents of three weak links in parallel, and this feature can be adjusted through two magnetic fluxes, which act as experimental knobs. We carry out a theoretical study of the device in terms of the relative weight of the interferometer arms and the experimental characterization concerning flux tunability and temperature.