cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Global Multiclass Classification and Dataset Construction via Heterogeneous Local Experts
Creators: name: Ahn, Surin
name: Ozgur, Ayfer
name: Pilanci, Mert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In the domains of dataset construction and crowdsourcing, a notable challenge is to aggregate labels from a heterogeneous set of labelers, each of whom is potentially an expert in some subset of tasks (and less reliable in others). To reduce costs of hiring human labelers or training automated labeling systems, it is of interest to minimize the number of labelers while ensuring the reliability of the resulting dataset. We model this as the problem of performing $K$-class classification using the predictions of smaller classifiers, each trained on a subset of $[K]$, and derive bounds on the number of classifiers needed to accurately infer the true class of an unlabeled sample under both adversarial and stochastic assumptions. By exploiting a connection to the classical set cover problem, we produce a near-optimal scheme for designing such configurations of classifiers which recovers the well known one-vs.-one classification approach as a special case. Experiments with the MNIST and CIFAR-10 datasets demonstrate the favorable accuracy (compared to a centralized classifier) of our aggregation scheme applied to classifiers trained on subsets of the data. These results suggest a new way to automatically label data or adapt an existing set of local classifiers to larger-scale multiclass problems.
description: 27 pages, 8 figures, to be published in IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Information Theory (JSAIT) - Special Issue on Estimation and Inference
Groupoids and Smarandache Groupoids
Creators: name: Kandasamy, W. B. Vasantha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: General Mathematics (math.GM)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 18Bxx; 20-xx, 20L05,20Mxx, 20Nxx

description: Generally, in any human field, a Smarandache Structure on a set A means a weak structure W on A such that there exists a proper subset B contained in A which is embedded with a stronger structure S. These types of structures occurin our everyday'slife, that's why we study them in this book. Thus, as a particular case: A Smarandache groupoid is a groupoid G which has a proper subset S contained in G such that S under the operation of G is a semigroup.
description: 114 pages, 133 tables, 12 figures, many definitions and unsolved problems
Gazella ancyrensis Tekkaya 1973
Creators: name: Kostopoulos, Dimitris S.
name: Sen, Sevket
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Artiodactyla
Bovidae
Gazella
Gazella ancyrensis

description: Gazella cf. ancyrensis Tekkaya, 1973
(Fig. 8)
 Gazella gaudryi – Malik & Nafiz 1933: 63.
 Gazella aff. pilgrimi – Nicolas 1978: 456.
 MATERIAL AND MEASUREMENTS. — Küçükçekmece West: right horn-core MNHN.F.TRQ628 (L = c. 60 mm, HCBTD = 16.0 mm, HCBAPD = 16.4 mm). Küçükçekmece East: right horn-core ITU 351 (HCBTD = 17.4 mm, HCBAPD = 18.4 mm); horn-core ITU no No. (HCBTD = 18.0 mm, HCBAPD = 18.2 mm); rolled horn core ITU no No. (HCBTD = 17.1 mm, HCBAPD = 20.9 mm); part of left mandible with m1-m3, ITU 370 (m1: L = 9.1 mm, W = 5.0; m2: L = 9.4 mm, W = 5.2; Lm1-m3 = 30.6 mm).
DESCRIPTION AND REMARKS
The preserved horn-cores are short, straight or faintly curved backwards and circular in cross section with a well-marked posterior longitudinal furrow (Fig. 8A, B). The pedicles are high anteriorly compared to the horn-core length. The postcornual groove is round and moderately deep and the supraorbital foramens open into oval depressions. The lower molars lack mesial folds or basal pillars and their lingual wall is slightly undulated (Fig. 8C). The hypoconid is angular and both the hypoconid and the protoconid direct distally.The third lobe of m3 is singlecuspid, round and large relatively to the tooth size.
 Malik & Nafiz (1933) referred several teeth and horn-cores from Küçükçekmece East to the genus Gazella but as this material has been lost, a direct comparison is not possible. Nonetheless, a left horn-core illustrated by these authors under the binomen G. gaudryi Schlosser, 1904 (Malik & Nafiz 1933: pl. XII, fig.1) looks identical with those described here. The general morphological and metrical characters of the Küçükçekmece West gazelle is strongly reminiscent of Gazella ancyrensis Tekkaya, 1973 from the MN9 assemblage of Yassiören, Middle Sinap, Turkey. The relatively high pedicles, the weak medio-lateral compression, the short horn-cores with small diameters (Fig. 9) and the near absence of curvature are distinctive features of G. ancyrensis and usual characters of early Gazella (or Gazella -like; e.g., Bouvrain 1997: 9; Gentry 2003: 361) populations recovered from several Vallesian to early Turolian mammal assemblages of SE Europe and beyond (Tekkaya 1973; Köhler 1987; Bouvrain 1997; Gentry 2003; Kostopoulos & Bernor 2011).
description: Published as part of Kostopoulos, Dimitris S. & Sen, Sevket, 2016, Suidae, Tragulidae, Giraffidae, and Bovidae, pp. 273-298 in Geodiversitas 38 (2) on page 289, DOI: 10.5252/g2016n2a8, http://zenodo.org/record/4535553
Tensorial Constitutive Models for Disordered Foams, Dense Emulsions, and other Soft Nonergodic Materials
Creators: name: Cates, M. E.
name: Sollich, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In recent years, the paradigm of `soft glassy matter' has been used to describe diverse nonergodic materials exhibiting strong local disorder and slow mesoscopic rearrangement. As so far formulated, however, the resulting `soft glassy rheology' (SGR) model treats the shear stress in isolation, effectively `scalarizing' the stress and strain rate tensors. Here we offer generalizations of the SGR model that combine its nontrivial aging and yield properties with a tensorial structure that can be specifically adapted, for example, to the description of fluid film assemblies or disordered foams.
description: 18 pages, 4 figures
Bitterness in enzymatically-produced hydrolysates of commercial shrimp (Pandalopsis dispar) processing waste
Creators: name: Cheung, Imelda Wing Yan
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The shrimp processing industry produces a huge amount of waste which can potentially be converted into value-added products by enzymatic hydrolysis. Nevertheless, bitterness in hydrolysates is a common problem that needs to be addressed. In this study, 16 protein hydrolysate samples were produced from commercial shrimp (Pandalopsis dispar) processing wastes using Taguchi's L16 (45 ) experimental design. Four factors, namely water-to-substrate ratio, percent enzyme, time of hydrolysis and type of protease, were investigated. The properties of the shrimp waste hydrolysates were assessed by three responses: product yield, degree of hydrolysis and bitterness. It was found that the type of protease had the most significant impact on hydrolysate properties. Hydrolysates produced from the proteases had significantly higher soluble product yields compared to the controls incubated without added protease. Moreover, the yield from treatments with Alcalase or Protamex reached over 30%, which was six times higher than the control samples. In terms of degree of hydrolysis (DH), Alcalase, Flavourzyme and Protamex gave higher DH than bromelain, which had a DH similar to the controls. Despite the high soluble yields and DH for Alcalase and Protamex hydrolysates, their bitterness was intense and the 10% (w/v) solutions of these samples were evaluated to be greater than 2000 ppm caffeine. Bromelain and Flavourzyme samples had significantly lower bitterness close to 1500 ppm caffeine but these samples were still significantly more bitter than the controls, which contained nearly no bitterness. A sample (blended in 2:1 water-to-substrate ratio and hydrolyzed with 4% Alcalase for 4 hours) that gave a soluble yield of 37.64%, a DH of 2.30 meq/g and bitterness of 2300 ppm was selected for further fractionation by size and hydrophobicity to study the characteristics of the bitter substances. Results showed that bitter substances were small having molecular weight under 3 kDa and contained a large amount of hydrophobic amino acid residues such as Tyr, Phe, Leu, Ile and Lys. Therefore, it was concluded that Flavourzyme had the best potential to be used to produce protein hydrolysates from shrimp processing discards and small hydrophobic peptides were the major contributors to the bitterness.
Shapes of rotating normal fluid 3He versus superfluid 4He droplets in molecular beams
Creators: name: Verma, Deepak
name: Connell, Sean M. O. O
name: Feinberg, Alexandra J.
name: Erukala, Swetha
name: Tanyag, Rico M.
name: Bernando, Charles
name: Pang, Weiwu
name: Saladrigas, Catherine A.
name: Toulson, Benjamin W.
name: Borgwardt, Mario
name: Shivaram, Niranjan
name: Lin, Ming-Fu
name: Haddad, Andre Al
name: Jäger, Wolfgang
name: Bostedt, Christoph
name: Walter, Peter
name: Gessner, Oliver
name: Vilesov, Andrey F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Previous single-pulse extreme ultraviolet and X-ray coherent diffraction studies revealed that superfluid 4He droplets obtained in free jet expansion acquire sizable angular momentum, resulting in significant centrifugal distortion. Similar experiments with normal fluid 3He droplets may help elucidating the origin of the of the large degree of rotational excitation and highlight similarities and differences of dynamics in normal and superfluid droplets. Here, we present the first comparison of the shapes of isolated 3He and 4He droplets following expansion of the corresponding fluids in vacuum at temperatures as low as ~ 2 K. Large 3He and 4He droplets with average radii of ~160 nm and ~350 nm, respectively, were produced. We find that the majority of the 3He droplets in the beam correspond to rotating oblate spheroids with reduced average angular momentum ($Λ$) and reduced angular velocities ($Ω$) similar to that of 4He droplets. Given the different physical nature of 3He and 4He, this similarity in $Λ$ and $Ω$ may be surprising and suggest that similar mechanisms induce rotation regardless of the isotope. We hypothesized that the observed distribution of droplet sizes and angular momenta stem from processes in the dense region close to the nozzle. In this region, the significant velocity spread and collisions between the droplets induce excessive rotation followed by droplet fission. The process may repeat itself several times before the droplets enter the collision-fee high vacuum region further downstream.
description: 29 pages, 6 figures
Soft lubrication
Creators: name: Skotheim, J. M.
name: Mahadevan, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider some basic principles of fluid-induced lubrication at soft interfaces. In particular, we show how the presence of a soft substrate leads to an increase in the physical separation between surfaces sliding past each other. By considering the model problem of a symmetric non-conforming contact moving tangentially to a thin elastic layer, we determine the normal force in the small and large deflection limit, and show that there is an optimal combination of material and geometric properties which maximizes the normal force. Our results can be generalized to a variety of other geometries which show the same qualitative behavior. Thus they are relevant in the elastohydrodynamic lubrication of soft elastic and poroelastic gels and shells, and in the context of bio-lubrication in cartilaginous joints.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures; to appear in Phys. Rev. Lett
Cow-Calf Producer Interest in Retained Ownership
Creators: name: Franken, Jason
name: Parcell, Joe
name: Patterson, David
name: Smith, Michael
name: Poock, Scott
name: Franken, Jason
name: Parcell, Joe
name: Patterson, David
name: Smith, Michael
name: Poock, Scott
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: beef cattle
subject: property rights theory
subject: retained ownership

description: The beef industry’s share of domestic meat demand continues to decline, as increasing vertical coordination in pork and poultry contribute to these industries’ ability to offer convenient, consistent, and less expensive products. For such vertical coordination to be effective, incentives must be properly aligned so that those responsible for making the most important investments for system profit- ability are appropriately compensated. This study demonstrates that cow-calf producers who invest in quality registered cattle and those who are interested in incorporating feedlot and carcass data into herd management decisions are also more interested in retained ownership.
GEMS Survey Tool.pdf
Creators: name: Awdry, Rebecca
name: Tomáš Foltýnek
name: Dlabolova, Dita
name: Králíková, Veronika
name: Dannhoferová, Jana
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 130103 Higher Education
subject: FOS: Educational sciences

description: Mixed method survey tool used in the 2017-18 GEMS project as the English survey and template for translation into other languages. The survey explores student contract cheating and outsourcing behaviours, knowledge of others' cheating, and other associated factors.
The impact of geographic reputation on the value created in Champagne
Creators: name: Menival, David
name: Charters, Steve
name: Menival, David
name: Charters, Steve
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: champagne
subject: geographic location
subject: reputation
subject: signal
subject: territorial brand

description: With asymmetric information, consumers need to rely on the reputation of wine to define quality before the purchasing. Amongst the tools available for underlining reputation, geographic location is considered to offer high potential. Today, some wines benefit from a country’s reputation, some from the renown of a region and some from the local reputation of one specific vineyard, whilst conversely some providers suffer from a weak geographic reputation. There can be a split between producers within one vineyard or region based on varying geographic reputation. This kind of split appears in Champagne, with a range of well-known and less well-known brands and is particularly significant to the small growers who sell wine. This study used a representative sample of these growers to examine how their location impacts on their reputation. The results show that their selling price is influenced by the local system of grading vineyard quality, their distance from traditional regional centres and the presence in their village of growers cited in a national guide.
Simplified leptoquark models for precision $l_i \rightarrow l_f γ$ experiments: two-loop structure of $O(α_S Y^2)$ corrections
Creators: name: Rose, Luigi Delle
name: Marzo, Carlo
name: Marzola, Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We put forward the framework of simplified leptoquark models: simple extensions of the Standard Model that serve as benchmarks to test the interactions of leptons with new colored degrees of freedom considered, for instance, in leptoquark or grand unification models. As a first application of the scheme, we analyze the power of precision lepton observables by computing gauge invariant two-loop radiative corrections to the lepton-photon vertex, generated here by Yukawa interactions between the lepton and new colored degrees of freedom. The result, detailed in explicit expressions for the involved form factors, improves on the literature for the higher loop order considered and highlights the existence of regions in the parameter space of the model where two-loop corrections cannot be neglected.
description: 17 pages, 12 figures. Ancillary file attached: Diags.m v2: Minor changes to text and references updated. Version accepted in PRD
Till in Southeast Drenthe and the Origin of the Hondsrug Complex, The Netherlands
Creators: name: Rappol, Martin
Publisher: name: Geozon Science Media
Year: 1984

description: Die Grundmoräne der Saale Vereisung ist in mehrere Aufschlüsse im südlichen Hondsrug untersucht worden. Die Analyse der verschiedenen Parameter der Geschiebelehmzusammensetzung ermöglichte die Unterscheidung zweier Geschiebelehmtypen: eines oberen feuersteinarmen und eines unteren feuerstein-reichen Typs. Im unteren Geschiebelehm gibt es viele Hinweise für eine erhebliche Aufarbeitung von lokalem präglazialem Material. Die vertikale Differenzierung der Zusammensetzung des Geschiebelehmprofils zeigt Anklänge an die Verteilung des Ausgangsmaterials in den eisstromaufwärts gelegenen Arealen. Synsedimentäre Deformationsvorgänge dennoch sind teilweise verantwortlich für mehr komplexen vertikale petrographische Variationen. Es gibt keine Hinweise für eine mehrfache Vereisung. Der Hondsrug-Komplex ist aus mehrere NNW-SSO-orientierten Rücken im östlichen Teil des Drente Plateaus zusammengesetzt. Er weicht von den angrenzende Grundmoränegebieten nicht allein durch die Orientierung der Rücken ab, sondern auch durch eine ganz andere Zusammensetzung des Grobmaterials des Geschiebelehms. Die Geschiebelehmzusammensetzung, die Orientierung der Geschiebelangsächsen und Lagerungsstörungen stehen im Einklang mit einer glazigenen Entstehungsweise. Der Hondsrug-Komplex repräsentiert eine jüngere Bewegung des Inlandeises innerhalb das Stadial III des Saale-Glazials.
description: research
Compositions
Creators: name: Wilson, Benjamin Franklin
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The thesis for the Master of Music degree in Composition consists of live performances of original works composed during graduate study. The student is expected to have written and have performed approximately an hour of music for various media. My compositions were performed on. March 21, 2005, June 2, 2005, August 1, 2005, October 1, 2005, October 3, 2005, June 9, 2006, June 17, 2006, June 25, 2006, January 15, 2007, March 5, 2007, February 17, 2007 and March 30, 2007.
Notes on Spacetime Thermodynamics and the Observer-dependence of Entropy
Creators: name: Marolf, Donald
name: Minic, Djordje
name: Ross, Simon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Due to the Unruh effect, accelerated and inertial observers differ in their description of a given quantum state. The implications of this effect are explored for the entropy assigned by such observers to localized objects that may cross the associated Rindler horizon. It is shown that the assigned entropies differ radically in the limit where the number of internal states $n$ becomes large. In particular, the entropy assigned by the accelerated observer is a bounded function of $n$. General arguments are given along with explicit calculations for free fields. The implications for discussions of the generalized second law and proposed entropy bounds are also discussed.
description: 14 pages, JHEP style
Moorverluste und Moorwachstum: der Versuch einer Methodendiskussion – Bericht über das Fachgespräch am 26. April 2019 in Berlin
Creators: name: Trepel, Michael
Publisher: name: FID GEO
Year: 2019

description: Etwa 30 Personen aus Wissenschaft, Verwaltung und Verbänden sind der Einladung der Sektionen 1 und 5 der DGMT gefolgt, um sich am 26. April 2019 an der Humboldt-Universität über die Methoden zur Quantifizierung von Moorverlusten und Moorwachstum auszutauschen.
description: DFG, SUB Göttingen, DGMT
description: conference
Supplementary Material from Reducing complexity and unidentifiability when modelling human atrial cells. 20 February 2020
Creators: name: C. Houston
name: B. Marchand
name: L. Engelbert
name: C. D. Cantwell
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: Computational Biology

description: A detailed description of datasets and simulations, additional figures, and full equations and numerical results tables.
Does China’s demand boom curb Australian iron ore mining depletion?
Creators: name: Allen, Creina
name: Day, Garth
name: Allen, Creina
name: Day, Garth
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: export demand
subject: mining boom
subject: non-renewable resources
subject: open economy
subject: optimal depletion

description: Australia’s resources boom is underpinned by increased demand from industrialising China and a rise in export prices. Current depletion rates will soon exhaust currently known reserves of iron ore and coal. This paper presents a dynamic optimisation model of a growing open economy where a social planner chooses the time path for depletion of a non-renewable resource during a demand-led resources boom. We find that for particular functional forms and in the absence of extraction and social costs, the optimal depletion rate equals the difference between the price elasticity of export demand times the world interest rate and growth in export demand. In contrast to the existing literature, we show that the optimal depletion rate is unaffected by a temporary increase in price, but reduced by growth in demand which is in turn sustained by offshore steel production and urbanisation. The main theoretical implication is that growth in export demand from China reduces the depletion rate. Australian iron ore exports, simulated using this theory, move together with actual volumes over the period 1995–2011, and the error between simulated and actual iron ore exports is lower for the model in this paper than it is for the model without growth in export demand.
Formation of the First Stars
Creators: name: Bromm, Volker
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: How and when did the first generation of stars form at the end of the cosmic dark ages? Quite generically, within variants of the cold dark matter model of cosmological structure formation, the first sources of light are expected to form in ~ 10^{6} M_sun dark matter potential wells at redshifts z > 20. I discuss the physical processes that govern the formation of the first stars. These so-called Population~III stars are predicted to be predominantly very massive, and to have contributed significantly to the early reionization of the intergalactic medium. Such an early reionization epoch is inferred from the recent measurement of the Thomson optical depth by the {\it WMAP} satellite. I address the importance of heavy elements in bringing about the transition from an early star formation mode dominated by massive stars, to the familiar mode dominated by low mass stars, at later times, and present possible observational probes. This transition could have been gradual, giving rise to an intermediate-mass population of still virtually metal-free stars (``Population II.5''). These stars could have given rise to the peculiar class of black-hole forming supernovae inferred from the abundance pattern of extremely iron-poor stars.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures, Invited review to appear in "From Lithium to Uranium: Elemental Tracers of Early Cosmic Evolution", IAU Symposium 228, V. Hill, P. Francois & F. Primas, eds
Numerical Analysis of the Screening Current-Induced Magnetic Field in the HTS Insert Dipole Magnet Feather-M2.1-2
Creators: name: Bortot, Lorenzo
name: Mentink, Matthias
name: Petrone, Carlo
name: Van Nugteren, Jeroen
name: Kirby, Glyn
name: Pentella, Mariano
name: Verweij, Arjan
name: Schöps, Sebastian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Screening currents are field-induced dynamic phenomena which occur in superconducting materials, leading to persistent magnetization. Such currents are of importance in ReBCO tapes, where the large size of the superconducting filaments gives rise to strong magnetization phenomena. In consequence, superconducting accelerator magnets based on ReBCO tapes might experience a relevant degradation of the magnetic field quality in the magnet aperture, eventually leading to particle beam instabilities. Thus, persistent magnetization phenomena need to be accurately evaluated. In this paper, the 2D finite element model of the Feather-M2.1-2 magnet is presented. The model is used to analyze the influence of the screening current-induced magnetic field on the field quality in the magnet aperture. The model relies on a coupled field formulation for eddy current problems in time-domain. The formulation is introduced and verified against theoretical references. Then, the numerical model of the Feather-M2.1-2 magnet is detailed, highlighting the key assumptions and simplifications. The numerical results are discussed and validated with available magnetic measurements. A satisfactory agreement is found, showing the capability of the numerical tool in providing accurate analysis of the dynamic behavior of the Feather-M2.1-2 magnet.
description: 14 pages, 18 figures
Zwei wahrscheinlich letztinterglaziale Torfvorkommen im Gebiet von Stockach-Meßkirch
Creators: name: Göttlich, Kh.
name: Werner, J.
Publisher: name: Geozon Science Media
Year: 1968

description: Zwei Torfvorkommen in der Altmoräne des westlichen Rheingletschergebietes, beide auf sicher rißeiszeitlichen Ablagerungen und überdeckt von würmglazialen Fließerden, werden untersucht und palynologisch bearbeitet. Sie gehören mit hoher Wahrscheinlichkeit ins Riß-/Würm-Interglazial. Von keinem der beiden Vorkommen liegt ein vollständiges Pollendiagramm vor.
description: research
Andreev scattering and cotunneling between two superconductor-normal metal interfaces : the dirty limit
Creators: name: Feinberg, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Crossed Andreev reflections and cotunneling occur between two neighbouring superconductor- normal metal or superconducting-ferromagnet interfaces. Previous works assumed a clean BCS superconductor. Here the calculation of the corresponding crossed conductance terms is generalized to a dirty superconductor. The range of the effect is shown to be the coherence length $\tildeξ = \sqrt{\hbar D/Δ}$, instead of the BCS coherence length $ξ_0$. Moreover, in three dimensions, the algebraic prefactor scales as $1/r$ instead of $1/r^2$. The calculation involves the virtual diffusion probability of quasiparticles below the superconducting gap, in the normal and the anomalous channel.
description: 2 references added
Do Japanese consumers care about sustainable fisheries? Evidence from an auction of ecolabelled seafood
Creators: name: Uchida, Hirotsugu
name: Roheim, Cathy A.
name: Wakamatsu, Hiroki
name: Anderson, Christopher M.
name: Uchida, Hirotsugu
name: Roheim, Cathy A.
name: Wakamatsu, Hiroki
name: Anderson, Christopher M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: auction experiment
subject: ecolabel
subject: information treatments
subject: Japan
subject: seafood market
subject: willingness to pay

description: This paper investigates Japanese consumers’ willingness to pay for Marine Stewardship Council (MSC) ecolabelled seafood using a sealed bid, second price auction. Participants in an experiment in Tokyo were provided varying degrees of information about the status of world and Japanese fisheries and the MSC program in sequential rounds of bidding on ecolabelled and nonlabelled salmon products. A random-effects tobit regression shows that there is a statistically significant premium of about 20 per cent for MSC-ecolabelled salmon over nonlabelled salmon when consumers are provided information on both the status of global fish stocks and the purpose of the MSC program. This premium arises from a combination of an increased willingness to pay for labelled products and a decreased willingness to pay for unlabelled products. However, in the absence of experimenter-provided information, or when provided information about the purpose of the MSC program alone without concurrent information about the need for the MSC program, there is no statistically significant premium.
The Relationship Between Sire Representation and Average Yearling Prices in the Thoroughbred Industry
Creators: name: Poerwanto, Devie
name: Stowe, C. Jill
name: Poerwanto, Devie
name: Stowe, C. Jill
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: agribusiness, equine, hedonic price analysis, Thoroughbred industry

description: Many Thoroughbred stallions are being bred to increasing numbers of mares. This practice raises the question of how progeny value is affected by an increased supply of foals by the same sire, which ultimately influences the sire’s value. This paper addresses that question. Three of the four models presented in our study find that the average price of a sire’s yearlings is increasing in sire representation. In addition, greater sire representation decreases the likelihood that a yearling is removed from the sale, but may increase the likelihood that it does not meet its reserve price.
Über die Entstehung der Fjorde: Untersucht am Bokn-Fjord (Südwest-Norwegen)
Creators: name: Gripp, Karl
Publisher: name: Geozon Science Media
Year: 1971

description: Die Auffassung, Fjord-Komplexe in meeresnahen Gebirgen seien allmählich durch rückschreitende Wirkung der Abflüsse des Inlandeises bzw. der Plateau-Gletscher entstanden, trifft nicht zu. Im Bokn-Fjord-Komplex sind neben den Spuren riß- und eemzeitlicher Abtragung, solche der Würm-Vollvereisung und lokaler Vergletscherungen sowie der späten Abflüsse der Plateau-Vereisungen zu unterscheiden.
description: research
Small Gluonic Spots in the Nucleon: Searching for Signatures in Data
Creators: name: Kopeliovich, B. Z.
name: Povh, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nuclear shadowing and color glass condensate are possible only at sufficiently small x where parton clouds of different nucleons overlap in the longitudinal direction. Another condition vital for these effect, an overlap of partons in impact parameters, is not easy to fulfill for gluons which are located within small spots, as follows from the observed weakness of diffractive gluon radiation (smallness of the triple-Pomeron coupling). The predicted weakness of the leading twist gluon shadowing has been confirmed recently by data for J/Psi production and Cronin effect in d-Au collisions at RHIC. Smallness of gluonic spots also leads to a rather low value of the slope of the Pomeron trajectory, confirmed by ZEUS data on elastic photoproduction of J/Psi. At the same time, saturation of unitarity for central pp collisions leads to a substantial increase of the Pomeron slope in good agreement with elastic pp data.
description: Talk given by B. Povh at the Quark Matter 2004
Promephitis Gaudry 1861
Creators: name: Geraads, Denis
name: Spassov, Nikolaï
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Carnivora
Mustelidae
Promephitis

description: Genus Promephitis Gaudry, 1861
 TYPE SPECIES. — Promephitis lartetii Gaudry, 1861 by monotypy.
 EMENDED DIAGNOSIS. — A mephitid ranging in size from that of Spilogale to that of Mephitis. Skull and face short and broad; muzzle inflated; zygomatic arch robust; angle of the mandible unexpanded; mastoid sinus moderately inflated; cerebral features primitive (frontal sinus absent, sylvian sulcus not distinct, supra-sylvian short, lateral sulcus almost straight, cruciate sulcus and post-cruciate complex virtually absent); premolar series extremely shortened; P2 extremely reduced; P3 even smaller than in Conepatus; P4 hypocone long, tall, and distally located; buccal cingulum of M1 very strong (in part from Wang & Qiu 2004).
One skull from Bulgaria, HD- 9505, was CT-scanned; it is thus much better known, and we will start with the description of the species to which this specimen belongs.
description: Published as part of Geraads, Denis & Spassov, Nikolaï, 2016, Musteloid carnivores from the upper Miocene of South- Western Bulgaria, and the phylogeny of the Mephitidae, pp. 543-558 in Geodiversitas 38 (4) on page 545, DOI: 10.5252/g2016n4a5, http://zenodo.org/record/4535593
Adapting JPEG XS gains and priorities to tasks and contents
Creators: name: Brummer, Benoit
name: De Vleeschouwer, Christophe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: E.4; I.2.6
subject: 68P30 (Primary), 68W50 (Secondary)

description: Most current research in the domain of image compression focuses solely on achieving state of the art compression ratio, but that is not always usable in today's workflow due to the constraints on computing resources. Constant market requirements for a low-complexity image codec have led to the recent development and standardization of a lightweight image codec named JPEG XS. In this work we show that JPEG XS compression can be adapted to a specific given task and content, such as preserving visual quality on desktop content or maintaining high accuracy in neural network segmentation tasks, by optimizing its gain and priority parameters using the covariance matrix adaptation evolution strategy.
description: CLIC at CVPR 2020
Implications of the Quantum Noise Target for the Einstein Telescope Infrastructure Design
Creators: name: Jones, Philip
name: Zhang, Teng
name: Miao, Haixing
name: Freise, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The design of a complex instrument such as Einstein Telescope (ET) is based on a target sensitivity derived from an elaborate case for scientific exploration. At the same time it incorporates many trade-off decisions to maximise the scientific value by balancing the performance of the various subsystems against the cost of the installation and operation. In this paper we discuss the impact of a long signal recycling cavity (SRC) on the quantum noise performance. We show the reduction in sensitivity due to a long SRC for an ET high-frequency interferometer, provide details on possible compensations schemes and suggest a reduction of the SRC length. We also recall details of the trade-off between the length and optical losses for filter cavities, and show the strict requirements for an ET low-frequency interferometer. Finally, we present an alternative filter cavity design for an ET low-frequency interferometer making use of a coupled cavity, and discuss the advantages of the design in this context.
description: 8 pages, 12 figures, 3 tables. Submitted to Physical Review D on 2020-03-16
Zum Problem der Stabilität der Klimabedingungen in Westsibirien während der Glaziale und Interglaziale
Creators: name: Weischet, W.
Publisher: name: Geozon Science Media
Year: 1960

description: Es werden zunächst Werte für die sommerliche Temperaturerniedrigung und für den jährlichen Temperaturgang während der letzten Eiszeit in Westsibirien abgeleitet. Grundlage hierfür bildet die verschiedene Lage der Grenzen von Tundra und Laubmischwald zur Eiszeit (nach Frenzel & Troll 1952) und in der Gegenwart (Sowjetatlas 1937). Das Ergebnis ist eine sommerliche Temperaturdepression von nur 5-8° C nahe dem Polarkreis und von 2-4° C in 50° Breite gegenüber 10-12° in Mitteleuropa. Anschließend wird die Frage diskutiert, ob dies allein eine Folge der größeren Kontinentalität des zentralen Teiles Eurasiens gegenüber dem westlichen und östlichen Teil des Doppelkontinentes sein kann. Es stellt sich heraus, daß die relative Stabilität der Klimabedingungen Westsibiriens im ganzen Quartär sich zwanglos als Folge des Wechsels von vorherrschender Meridionalzirkulation im Glazial und verstärkter Zonalzirkulation im Interglazial und Postglazial erklären läßt.
description: research
An extension of a curious binomial identity
Creators: name: Sun, Zhi-Wei
name: Wu, Ke-Jian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05A19; 11B65

description: In 2002 Zhi-Wei Sun [Integers 2(2002)] published a curious identity involving binomial coefficients. In this paper we present a generalization of the identity.
Promeles Zittel 1890
Creators: name: Geraads, Denis
name: Spassov, Nikolaï
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Carnivora
Mustelidae
Promeles

description: Genus Promeles Zittel, 1890
 TYPE SPECIES. — Mustela palaeattica Weithofer, 1888 by original designation.
DIAGNOSIS. — Skull profile regularly curved, frontals rather broad, sagittal crest usually present but weak, choanae located very posteriorly. I3 much larger than I1-I2, canine conical, upper premolars much increasing in size from P1 to P4, the latter with a parastyle and a strong protocone. M1 with a robust buccal cingulum along the paracone, a metacone close to the paracone, and a long, crescent-shape protocone that ends distally in a prominent metaconule. Trigonid of m1 long, paraconid long and directed forwards, talonid about as long as the trigonid, central basin entirely surrounded by a ridge consisting of numerous cuspids and cusplets.
description: Published as part of Geraads, Denis & Spassov, Nikolaï, 2016, Musteloid carnivores from the upper Miocene of South- Western Bulgaria, and the phylogeny of the Mephitidae, pp. 543-558 in Geodiversitas 38 (4) on page 553, DOI: 10.5252/g2016n4a5, http://zenodo.org/record/4535593
SlimConv: Reducing Channel Redundancy in Convolutional Neural Networks by Weights Flipping
Creators: name: Qiu, Jiaxiong
name: Chen, Cai
name: Liu, Shuaicheng
name: Zeng, Bing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: The channel redundancy in feature maps of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) results in the large consumption of memories and computational resources. In this work, we design a novel Slim Convolution (SlimConv) module to boost the performance of CNNs by reducing channel redundancies. Our SlimConv consists of three main steps: Reconstruct, Transform and Fuse, through which the features are splitted and reorganized in a more efficient way, such that the learned weights can be compressed effectively. In particular, the core of our model is a weight flipping operation which can largely improve the feature diversities, contributing to the performance crucially. Our SlimConv is a plug-and-play architectural unit which can be used to replace convolutional layers in CNNs directly. We validate the effectiveness of SlimConv by conducting comprehensive experiments on ImageNet, MS COCO2014, Pascal VOC2012 segmentation, and Pascal VOC2007 detection datasets. The experiments show that SlimConv-equipped models can achieve better performances consistently, less consumption of memory and computation resources than non-equipped conterparts. For example, the ResNet-101 fitted with SlimConv achieves 77.84% top-1 classification accuracy with 4.87 GFLOPs and 27.96M parameters on ImageNet, which shows almost 0.5% better performance with about 3 GFLOPs and 38% parameters reduced.
description: 20 pages
Performance of the missing transverse momentum triggers for the ATLAS detector during Run-2 data taking
Creators: name: ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The factor of four increase in the LHC luminosity, from $0.5\times 10^{34}\,\textrm{cm}^{-2}\textrm{s}^{-1}$ to $2.0\times 10^{34}\textrm{cm}^{-2}\textrm{s}^{-1}$, and the corresponding increase in pile-up collisions during the 2015-2018 data-taking period, presented a challenge for ATLAS to trigger on missing transverse momentum. The output data rate at fixed threshold typically increases exponentially with the number of pile-up collisions, so the legacy algorithms from previous LHC data-taking periods had to be tuned and new approaches developed to maintain the high trigger efficiency achieved in earlier operations. A study of the trigger performance and comparisons with simulations show that these changes resulted in event selection efficiencies of >98% for this period, meeting and in some cases exceeding the performance of similar triggers in earlier run periods, while at the same time keeping the necessary bandwidth within acceptable limits.
description: 53 pages in total, author list starting page 37, 14 figures, 3 tables, submitted to JHEP. All figures including auxiliary figures are available at https://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/TRIG-2019-01/
Confinement-deconfinement order parameter and Dirac's quantization condition
Creators: name: Marchetti, Pieralberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe a monopole-like order parameter for the confinement-deconfinement transition in gauge theories where dynamical charges and monopoles coexist. It has been recently proposed in a collaboration with J. Froehlich. It avoids an inconsistency in the treatment of small scales present in earlier definitions of monopole fields by respecting Dirac's quantization condition for electromagnetic fluxes. An application to SU(2) lattice Yang-Mills theory is outlined, naturally fitting in the 't Hooft scenario for confinement.
description: LaTeX file, 4 pages. Talk given at QCD 02 (Montpellier 2-9 july 2002)
Methods and means of export promotion : why the United States must follow Europe's example
Creators: name: Lageson, John David
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: In the age of globalization, export competitiveness is a priority for policymakers in countries around the world. Key issues such as employment and economic growth are tied to a country's exports, and persistent trade deficits can have negative long-term repercussions. Despite its current status as the world's largest exporter of goods and services, the United States has run a considerable trade deficit for the past three decades—a deficit that soared to record heights in 2006. Meanwhile Germany, Europe's largest economy, remains the world's largest exporter of goods, and maintains a large trade surplus. As a whole, the EU has a small, but manageable, external trade deficit, and remains extremely competitive. While U.S. and European exporters are subject to different economic conditions, both must actively compete for sales in the global marketplace. The U.S., EU, and EU member states all have export promotion programs to assist their firms in this competition. While the United States makes a considerable effort to promote export activity, it falls short in comparison to Europe. Although a trade deficit does not stem solely from lackluster export promotion efforts, the United States must improve its export promotion programs as a means to address the deficit, at least in part. To this end, much can be learned from Europe.
Broadacre farm productivity and profitability in south-western Australia
Creators: name: Islam, Nazrul
name: Xayavong, Vilaphonh
name: Kingwell, Ross
name: Islam, Nazrul
name: Xayavong, Vilaphonh
name: Kingwell, Ross
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Production Economics
subject: productivity
subject: profitability
subject: technical change

description: This paper examines broadacre farm performance in south-western Australia. This region has experienced pronounced climate variability and volatile commodity prices since the late 1990s. Relationships between productivity and profitability are explored using panel data from 47 farms in the study region. The data are analysed using nonparametric methods. By applying the Fare-Primont index method, components of farm productivity and profitability are measured over the period 1998–2008. Growth in productivity is found to be the main contributor of profitability. Gains in efficiency and technical change are identified as jointly and similarly important in their contribution to total factor productivity for the farm sample in the region from 1998 to 2008. However, across environments, efficiency gains play an increasingly important role in influencing productivity as growing season rainfall increases. We conclude that R,D&E that delivers further improvement in technical efficiency and technical change is needed to support the profitability of farms across the study region.
Simocyon primigenius
Creators: name: Geraads, Denis
name: Spassov, Nikolaï
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Carnivora
Procyonidae
Simocyon
Simocyon primigenius

description: Simocyon primigenius (Roth & Wagner, 1854)
REMARKS
 This species has recently been discussed by Spassov & Geraads (2011) who confirmed the identification by Bakalov & Nikolov (1962) of two incomplete mandibles from Kalimantsi. An isolated, unnumbered M1 from Hadjidimovo (Fig. 5B), badly worn and damaged, could be of the same species. It is broader mesially than distally. The central basin is open mesially, and a distinct crest descends lingually from the paracone, but the metacone and protocone are worn out. Its buccal length (16.5 mm) is close to the upper end of the range of S. primigenius, to which we tentatively refer it, pending revision of the early Turolian forms of Central Europe.
description: Published as part of Geraads, Denis & Spassov, Nikolaï, 2016, Musteloid carnivores from the upper Miocene of South- Western Bulgaria, and the phylogeny of the Mephitidae, pp. 543-558 in Geodiversitas 38 (4) on page 554, DOI: 10.5252/g2016n4a5, http://zenodo.org/record/4535593