cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer Spectroscopy of Absorption and Emission Lines from the Narrow-Line Seyfert 1 Galaxy NGC 4051
Creators: name: Kaspi, Shai
name: Brandt, W. N.
name: Collinge, M. J.
name: Elvis, Martin
name: Reynolds, Christopher S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present three Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer (FUSE) observations of the Narrow-Line Seyfert 1 galaxy NGC4051. The most prominent features in the far-ultraviolet (FUV) spectrum are the OVI emission and absorption lines and the HI Lyman series absorption lines which are detected up to the Lyman edge. We also identify weak emission from NIII, CIII, and HeII. The CIII line shows absorption while none is detected in the NIII and HeII lines. In HI and CIII we detect two main absorption systems at outflow velocities of -50+/-30 and -240+/-40 km/s, as well as a possible third one at ~ -450 km/s. These systems are consistent in velocity with the 10 absorption systems found previously in CIV, NV, and SiIV, though the individual systems are blended together in the FUV spectrum. We estimate column densities of the two main absorption systems and find that the HI column density is lower for systems with larger outflow velocity. We detect no flux or spectral variations of NGC4051 at FUV wavelengths during three epochs spanning one year. This is consistent with the optical light curve which shows no variations between the three epochs. It is also consistent with the X-ray light curve which shows consistent flux levels at the three epochs of the FUSE observations, although the X-ray light curve shows strong variations on much shorter timescales.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures (5 in color), emulateapj, accepted for publication in The Astronomical Journal
Velocity fluctuations in cooling granular gases
Creators: name: Baldassarri, Andrea
name: Marconi, Umberto Marini Bettolo
name: Puglisi, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the formation and the dynamics of correlations in the velocity field for 1D and 2D cooling granular gases with the assumption of negligible density fluctuations (``Homogeneous Velocity-correlated Cooling State'', HVCS). It is shown that the predictions of mean field models fail when velocity fluctuations become important. The study of correlations is done by means of molecular dynamics and introducing an Inelastic Lattice Maxwell Models. This lattice model is able to reproduce all the properties of the Homogeneous Cooling State and several features of the HVCS. Moreover it allows very precise measurements of structure functions and other crucial statistical indicators. The study suggests that both the 1D and the 2D dynamics of the velocity field are compatible with a diffusive dynamics at large scale with a more complex behavior at small scale. In 2D the issue of scale separation, which is of interest in the context of kinetic theories, is addressed.
description: 24 pages, 16 figures, conference proceeding
Miagrammopes O. Pickard-Cambridge 1870
Creators: name: Liang, Yun
name: Cai, Qu
name: Liu, Jinxin
name: Yin, Haiqiang
name: Xu, Xiang
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Uloboridae
Miagrammopes

description: Genus Miagrammopes O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1870
 Type species. Miagrammopes thwaitesii O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1870 from Sri Lanka.
 Diagnosis. The genus Miagrammopes differs from the other genera of Uloboridae by the following aspects: body slightly long and slender (Fig. 1A); carapace quadrangle, flat and thin (Fig. 1D); the anterior margin of abdomen and the posterior margin of carapace almost fused (Fig. 4B, E); anterior eyes row absent, and posterior eyes row straight or slightly recurved (Fig. 4D); sternum divided into two or three unequal parts (Figs 4E, 7E); leg I robust and much longer than other legs (Fig. 4C, F) (Cambridge 1870: figs 1–3; Tikader 1971: figs 1–10; Opell 1984: figs 11–16; Sen et al. 2013: fig. 10A; Rajoria 2015: figs 1, 2). Miagrammopes is similar to Hyptiotes Walckenaer, 1837 in the following characteristics: posterior lateral eyes (PLMs) located on tubercles (Fig. 4D); calamistrum occupied about three-fourths as long as metatarsus IV (Fig. 4G); ventral comb macrosetae extending two-thirds rather than one-third the length of metatarsus IV (Fig. 4G), but can be distinguished from the latter by short embolus largely wrapped by radix (Figs 8, 9) (embolus long, forming 1.5 times loop in Hyptiotes) (Zhu & Yoshida, 2005: figs 7, 8) and short and simple copulatory ducts (Figs 2, 3) (long and complex copulatory ducts in Hyptiotes) (Zhu & Yoshida, 2005: figs 3, 6) (beside different characteristics from all other genera mentioned in the previous paragraph) (Zhu & Yoshida, 2005: figs 3, 6–8, 11–13; Sen et al. 2013: figs 9D, 10C; Rajoria 2015: figs 3–5).
description: Published as part of Liang, Yun, Cai, Qu, Liu, Jinxin, Yin, Haiqiang & Xu, Xiang, 2021, Three species of hackled-orb web spider genus Miagrammopes from China (Araneae, Uloboridae), pp. 564-576 in Zootaxa 5004 (4) on page 565, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5004.4.5, http://zenodo.org/record/5140829
Globular Cluster Systems and X-Ray Atmospheres in Galaxies
Creators: name: Harris, Gretchen L. H.
name: Babyk, Iurii V.
name: Harris, William E.
name: McNamara, Brian R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compare the empirical relationships between the mass of a galaxy's globular system M_GCS, the gas mass in the hot X-ray atmosphere M_X within a fiducial radius of 5 r_e, the total gravitational mass M_grav within 5 r_e, and lastly the total halo mass M_h calibrated from weak lensing. We use a sample of 45 early-type galaxies (ETGs) for which both GCS and X-ray data are available; all the galaxies in our sample are relatively high-mass ones with M_h > 10^12 M_sun. We find that M_X ~ M_h^1.0, similar to the previously known scaling relation M_GCS ~ M_h^1.0. Both components scale much more steeply than the more well known dependence of total stellar mass M_star ~ M_h^0.3 for luminous galaxies. These results strengthen previous suggestions that feedback had little effect on formation of the globular cluster system. The current data are also used to measure the relative mass fractions of baryonic matter and dark matter (DM) within 5 r_e. We find a strikingly uniform mean of = 0.83 with few outliers and an rms scatter of +-0.07. This result is in good agreement with two recent suites of hydrodynamic galaxy formation models.
description: In press for Astrophysical Journal
Stability and electronic properties of the LaNiO$_2$/SrTiO$_3$ interface
Creators: name: Bernardini, F.
name: Cano, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Infinite-layer nickelate thin films materialize an intriguing new platform for high-temperature unconventional superconductivity, with LaNiO$_2$/SrTiO$_3$ as reference setup. We discuss the relative stability of the elementary interfaces of this system and determine the corresponding electronic band structure. We find substantial changes compared to the bulk, in particular in relation to the 5$d$ orbital contributions to the low-energy physics which can be totally replaced by purely Ni-3$d$ flat bands. The $d^9$ configuration characteristic of cuprates can thus be supplemented by an extra interfacial ingredient destabilizing the normal non-superconducting state in these heterostructures.
description: 6 pages, 2 tables, 3 figures + Supplemental Material. v2: updated refs., extra figure + improved discussion of interfacial structure. v3: new appendix
National Water Conference on Status and Future Directions of Water Research in Sri Lanka, BMICH, Colombo, Sri Lanka, 4-6 November 1998. Session 19: Groundwater I; Session 20: Water management challenges; Session 21: Crop water use.
Creators: name: International Irrigation Management Institute (IIMI)
name: International Irrigation Management Institute (IIMI)
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Groundwater management
subject: Hydrology
subject: Irrigation programs
subject: Settlement
subject: Villages
subject: Agricultural development
subject: Agricultural policy
subject: Water use
subject: Food security
subject: Sugarcane
subject: Soyabeans
subject: Lysimetry
subject: Water balance
subject: Irrigation requirements
subject: Rice
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: National Water Conference on Status and Future Directions of Water Research in Sri Lanka, BMICH, Colombo, Sri Lanka, 4-6 November 1998.
Irrigation water charges in Sudan: proceedings of a Workshop held at Wad Medani, 28 May 1991.
Creators: name: International Irrigation Management Institute (IIMI). Sudan Field Operations.
name: International Irrigation Management Institute (IIMI). Sudan Field Operations.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Financial Economics
subject: Political Economy
subject: Production Economics
subject: Public Economics
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Irrigation water
subject: Cost recovery
subject: Water rates
subject: Costs
subject: Financial planning
subject: Policy
subject: Water delivery
subject: Efficiency
subject: Economic aspects
subject: Pricing
subject: Crop production

description: Irrigation water charges in Sudan: proceedings of a Workshop held at Wad Medani, 28 May 1991.
A Probable z~7 Galaxy Strongly Lensed by the Rich Cluster Abell 2218: Exploring the Dark Ages
Creators: name: Kneib, Jean-Paul
name: Ellis, Richard S.
name: Santos, Michael R.
name: Richard, Johan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the observational properties of a remarkably faint triply-imaged galaxy revealed in a deep z-band ACS observation of the lensing cluster A2218. A well-constrained mass model for the cluster, which incorporates the outcome of recent Keck spectroscopic campaigns, suggests that the triple system arises via a z>6 source viewed at high magnification (~x25). Optical and IR photometry from HST and Keck confirms the lensing hypothesis and suggests a significant discontinuity occurs in the spectral energy distribution within 9250-9850A. If this break is associated with Gunn-Peterson absorption from neutral hydrogen,6.6
description: 20 pages, paper accepted by the Astrophysical Journal
Galactic ionising photon budget during the Epoch of Reionisation in the Cosmic Dawn II simulation
Creators: name: Lewis, Joseph S. W.
name: Ocvirk, Pierre
name: Aubert, Dominique
name: Sorce, Jenny G.
name: Shapiro, Paul R.
name: Deparis, Nicolas
name: Dawoodbhoy, Taha
name: Teyssier, Romain
name: Yepes, Gustavo
name: Gottlöber, Stefan
name: Ahn, Kyungjin
name: Iliev, Ilian T.
name: Chardin, Jonathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cosmic Dawn ("CoDa") II yields the first statistically-meaningful determination of the relative contribution to reionization by galaxies of different halo mass, from a fully-coupled radiation-hydrodynamics simulation of the epoch of reionization large enough ($\sim$ 100 Mpc) to model global reionization while resolving the formation of all galactic halos above $\sim 10^8 M_\odot$. Cell transmission inside high-mass haloes is bi-modal -- ionized cells are transparent, while neutral cells absorb the photons their stars produce - and the halo escape fraction $f_{esc}$ reflects the balance of star formation rate ("SFR") between these modes. The latter is increasingly prevalent at higher halo mass, driving down $f_{esc}$ (we provide analytical fits to our results), whereas halo escape luminosity, proportional to $f_{esc} \times$SFR, increases with mass. Haloes with dark matter masses within $6.10^{8} M_\odot < M_h < 3.10^{10} M_\odot$ produce $\sim 80$% of the escaping photons at z=7, when the Universe is 50% ionized, making them the main drivers of cosmic reionization. Less massive haloes, though more numerous, have low SFRs and contribute less than 10% of the photon budget then, despite their high $f_{esc}$. High mass haloes are too few and too opaque, contributing $<10$% despite their high SFRs. The dominant mass range is lower (higher) at higher (lower) redshift, as mass function and reionization advance together (e.g. at z$=8.5$, x$_{\rm HI}=0.9$, $M_h < 5.10^9 M_\odot$ haloes contributed $\sim$80%). Galaxies with UV magnitudes $M_{AB1600}$ between $-12$ and $-19$ dominated reionization between z$=6$ and 8.
description: Submitted to MNRAS on 09/01/2020. Accepted on 12/06/2020
Driven Diffusive Systems: How Steady States Depend on Dynamics
Creators: name: Kwak, Wooseop
name: Landau, D. P.
name: Schmittmann, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In contrast to equilibrium systems, non-equilibrium steady states depend explicitly on the underlying dynamics. Using Monte Carlo simulations with Metropolis, Glauber and heat bath rates, we illustrate this expectation for an Ising lattice gas, driven far from equilibrium by an `electric' field. While heat bath and Glauber rates generate essentially identical data for structure factors and two-point correlations, Metropolis rates give noticeably weaker correlations, as if the `effective' temperature were higher in the latter case. We also measure energy histograms and define a simple ratio which is exactly known and closely related to the Boltzmann factor for the equilibrium case. For the driven system, the ratio probes a thermodynamic derivative which is found to be dependent on dynamics.
Proceedings of the Privatization Workshop held in Sudan, 1996.
Creators: name: International Irrigation Management Institute (IIMI). Sudan Field Operations.
name: International Irrigation Management Institute (IIMI). Sudan Field Operations.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: Industrial Organization
subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: International Development
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession
subject: Irrigation management
subject: Irrigation operation
subject: Maintenance
subject: Privatization
subject: Institutions
subject: Policy
subject: Developing countries
subject: Irrigation programs
subject: Land tenure
subject: Participatory management
subject: Cooperatives
subject: Legal aspects
subject: Legislation
subject: Cost recovery
subject: Organizational development
subject: Communal irrigation systems
subject: Farmers' associations
subject: Training
subject: Leadership

description: Proceedings of the Privatization Workshop held in Sudan, 1996.
Exchange Interaction Effects on the Conductance of Quantum Wires
Creators: name: Oriols, Xavier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effect of exchange interaction on the two-terminal conductance of fully ballistic samples is studied using a many-particle wave packet formalism. The approach shows that the puzzling nonuniversal conductance quantization can be explained as a fermion exchange interaction effect. The Landauer conductance step Go is obtained when two-fermion interaction is considered. Reductions of Go are due to a many-particle exchange interaction effect. For ballistic GaAs/AlGaAs quantum wires longer than 1 um, a conductance step reduction is obtained in agreement with experimental results.
description: 15 pages and 4 figures
International Conference on Irrigation Management Transfer, Wuhan, China, 20-24 September 1994. Vol. 1. Draft conference papers.
Creators: name: International Irrigation Management Institute (IIMI)
name: Wuhan University Of Hydraulic And Electrical Engineering
name: International Irrigation Management Institute (IIMI)
name: Wuhan University Of Hydraulic And Electrical Engineering
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: Industrial Organization
subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession
subject: Irrigation management
subject: Dams
subject: Local management
subject: Privatization
subject: Water users' associations
subject: Case studies
subject: Tube wells
subject: Irrigation design
subject: Large scale systems
subject: Performance
subject: Cost recovery
subject: User charges
subject: Sustainability

description: International Conference on Irrigation Management Transfer, Wuhan, China, 20-24 September 1994.
International Conference on Irrigation Management Transfer, Wuhan, China, 20-24 September 1994. Vol.2. Draft conference papers.
Creators: name: International Irrigation Management Institute (IIMI)
name: Wuhan University Of Hydraulic And Electrical Engineering
name: International Irrigation Management Institute (IIMI)
name: Wuhan University Of Hydraulic And Electrical Engineering
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Irrigation management
subject: Dams
subject: Local management
subject: Privatization
subject: Water users' associations
subject: Water distribution
subject: Canal irrigation
subject: Tube well irrigation
subject: Social aspects
subject: Farmers' associations
subject: Land reform
subject: Sustainability

description: International Conference on Irrigation Management Transfer, Wuhan, China, 20-24 September 1994.
International Conference on Irrigation Management Transfer, Wuhan, China, 20-24 September 1994. Vol.3. Draft conference papers
Creators: name: International Irrigation Management Institute (IIMI)
name: Wuhan University Of Hydraulic And Electrical Engineering
name: International Irrigation Management Institute (IIMI)
name: Wuhan University Of Hydraulic And Electrical Engineering
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: Financial Economics
subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: Political Economy
subject: Production Economics
subject: Public Economics
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession
subject: Irrigation management
subject: Irrigation systems
subject: Farmer participation
subject: Privatization
subject: Social aspects
subject: Farmers' associations
subject: Water users' associations
subject: Training
subject: Policy
subject: Economic aspects
subject: Farmer managed irrigation systems
subject: Irrigation programs
subject: Rehabilitation
subject: Water resource management

description: International Conference on Irrigation Management Transfer, Wuhan, China, 20-24 September 1994.
Agricultura, Competividade e Coesão Social em Cabo Verde. A Importância do Plano Estratégico de Desenvolvimento Agrícola (PEDA)
Creators: name: Fortes, Arlindo Rodrigues
name: Costa, Eduarda Marques Da
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 160510 Public Policy
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: 70108 Sustainable Agricultural Development
subject: FOS: Other agricultural sciences

description: A atividade agrícola é a base económica da maior parte da população rural de Cabo Verde, onde 60% de toda a
população depende do mundo rural. Os pequenos agricultores são responsáveis por 89% das propriedades agrícolas e 90% da agropecuária desenvolvida nas parcelas tradicionais. A agricultura de sequeiro, que é o tipo de agricultura mais representativo cobre apenas 10-15% do consumo nacional de alimentos. Tendo em conta este quadro contextual, foi desenvolvido o Plano Estratégico de Desenvolvimento Agrícola (PEDA) a longo prazo (2015) no âmbito do programa de cooperação técnica com a FAO. As bases para os próximos 10 anos foram definidas para acelerar o processo de desenvolvimento de Cabo Verde, nomeadamente nas zonas rurais, através do aceleramento do crescimento económico, da diversificação das fontes de rendimento e da promoção de desenvolvimento equilibrado, participativo e que respeite o ambiente. Pretende-se assim consolidar uma nova agricultura capaz de uma gestão sustentável dos recursos naturais, diversificar e aumentar a produção agrícola, combater a pobreza e melhorar a segurança alimentar. Devido à débil eficiência do sistema institucional de seguimento e avaliação, não existe uma análise do grau de execução do PEDA, e neste
contexto este trabalho tem por objetivo avaliar o grau de implementação do Plano Estratégico de Desenvolvimento da Agricultura durante do Período de 2009-2012 e a forma como este se articula com outros instrumentos da política de Cabo Verde, em domínios complementares como é exemplo o da pobreza. A estratégia nacional vê no desenvolvimento agrícola não só uma forma de promover a atividade económica melhorando a sua competitividade, como também vê este setor como uma forma importante de coesão social. Espera-se que os resultados desta avaliação possam trazer evidências de forma a reforçar a formulação de novas políticas públicas e de incentivar o processo de realização da avaliação, demonstrando-se a importância de articular
LAND REDISTRIBUTION IN SOUTH AFRICA - SOME PRACTICAL LESSONS
Creators: name: Simms, Peter
name: Chadwick, Justin
name: Simms, Peter
name: Chadwick, Justin
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: Land Economics/Use

description: This paper examines an innovative financial model successfully developed to enable people previously excluded from the land market in South Afrir:a, with minimal equity to purchase land at market related land prices and interest rates. The paper then examines some of the practical problems and allied solutions associated with the implementation of the scheme and the development of appropriate support services and extension systems. Some feedback from the new farmers is also examined.
Dynamic Inter-relationships in Hard Wheat Basis Markets
Creators: name: Wilson, William W.
name: Miljkovic, Dragan
name: Wilson, William W.
name: Miljkovic, Dragan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: Agricultural marketing

description: The basis values for hard red spring wheat (HRS) have escalated radically, experienced extraordinary levels of volatility (risk), have been subject to a squeeze during 2008, and all these have important implications for market participants. These observations are particularly important to marketers in the Northern Great Plains in the United States, as well as for Canadian marketers. The purpose of this paper is to develop a model to explore the dynamic relationships and interdependencies among terminal market basis values for milling quality higher-protein wheat. Specifically, we seek to identify factors impacting basis values for 13, 14, and 15% protein HRS wheat in addition to the intermakret wheat spread between Minneapolis and Kansas City wheat futures. We specify a vector autoregression (VAR) model to explore these relationships. Exogenous structural variables are specified in addition to dynamic inter-relationships including seasonal variability, inter-temporal variability and dynamic interdependencies among these markets and relationships. The results of interest are that: 1) basis values for these wheat markets been trending up, and have become more volatile; 2) factors impacting this variability is primarily the protein level in HRS, and production of HRW and Canadian (on high protein basis); 3) HRW protein supplies are not significant in the basis equations, but, do have an impact on the interrmarket wheat futures spread; 4) Quality levels.
The spreading of viruses by airborne aerosols: lessons from a first-passage-time problem for tracers in turbulent flows
Creators: name: Verma, Akhilesh Kumar
name: Bhatnagar, Akshay
name: Mitra, Dhrubaditya
name: Pandit, Rahul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the spreading of viruses, such as SARS-CoV-2, by airborne aerosols, via a new first-passage-time problem for Lagrangian tracers that are advected by a turbulent flow: By direct numerical simulations of the three-dimensional (3D) incompressible, Navier-Stokes equation, we obtain the time $t_R$ at which a tracer, initially at the origin of a sphere of radius $R$, crosses the surface of the sphere \textit{for the first time}. We obtain the probability distribution function $\mathcal{P}(R,t_R)$ and show that it displays two qualitatively different behaviors: (a) for $R \ll L_{\rm I}$, $\mathcal{P}(R,t_R)$ has a power-law tail $\sim t_R^{-α}$, with the exponent $α= 4$ and $L_{\rm I}$ the integral scale of the turbulent flow; (b) for $l_{\rm I} \lesssim R $, the tail of $\mathcal{P}(R,t_R)$ decays exponentially. We develop models that allow us to obtain these asymptotic behaviors analytically. We show how to use $\mathcal{P}(R,t_R)$ to develop social-distancing guidelines for the mitigation of the spreading of airborne aerosols with viruses such as SARS-CoV-2.
On Resolving the Dark LMA Solution at Neutrino Oscillation Experiments
Creators: name: Choubey, Sandhya
name: Pramanik, Dipyaman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In presence of non standard interactions, the solar neutrino data is consistent with two solutions, one close to the standard LMA solution with $\sin^2θ_{12} \simeq 0.3$ and another with $\sin^2θ_{12}^D \simeq 0.7(=\cos^2θ_{12})$. The latter has been called the Dark LMA (DLMA) solution in the literature. This issue is hard to resolve via oscillations because of the existence of the so-called "generalised mass hierarchy" degeneracy of the neutrino mass matrix in presence of NSI. However, if the mass hierarchy is independently determined in a non-oscillation experiment such as neutrino-less double beta decay, the invariance of neutrino oscillation probabilities under $\sin^2θ_{12} \leftrightarrow \cos^2θ_{12}$ is lost and the possibility of resolving the LMA vs DLMA opens up. We point out that the $P_{μμ}$ channel can distinguish $θ_{12}$ from $θ_{12}^D$ and study the corresponding difference in long-baseline experiments. We show that a key ingredient required is the input from the $P_{ee}$ channel measured at a reactor experiment. We find that if the mass hierarchy is determined by neutrino-less double beta decay, then a combined measurement of the effective mass squared differences in long-baseline experiments such as T2HK and DUNE and reactor experiment such as JUNO can resolve the DLMA conundrum to better than $3σ$ within 1 year for T2HK and little more than 3 years for DUNE.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
The Impact of Ethanol Production on Local Corn Basis
Creators: name: Behnke, Kathleen
name: Fortenbery, T. Randall
name: Behnke, Kathleen
name: Fortenbery, T. Randall
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: Agricultural marketing

description: The focus of this study is on the impact local ethanol plants have on corn basis. Basis is the difference between the local cash price and the nearby futures contract price, and accounts for variation in the supply and demand in the local market relative to the national market. It is predicted that the entrance of an ethanol plant into a local cash market will increase corn demand, resulting in an increased cash price relative to futures. br br The data employed consists of cash corn prices from 153 grain buyers in eight different Midwestern states from Fall 1999 through Summer 2009. In addition to affects from local ethanol production, it is predicted that basis is influenced to by the ratio of local to national corn production, transportation costs, storage opportunity costs, and seasonal factors. To estimate corn basis performance a spatial error component model is adopted that accounts for both spatial dependencies and panel structures in the data. br br Results show that ethanol production within a 50-mile region of a county centroid has a small yet positive impact on local corn prices. The estimated impact of a 50 million gallon per year plant is a 0.425 cent per bushel increase in basis. These findings are smaller than the impacts found in previous work using a more limited time frame, but found to be consistent with earlier work when the time series is truncated to match sample periods from previous work. This suggests that some of the local price impacts dissipate with time.
Dispersion modeling of hydrogen in a ventilated room
Creators: name: Skob, Yurii
name: S. O. Vambol
name: Ugryumov, Mykhaylo
name: Granovskiy, Eduard
name: Lyfar, Vladimir
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 91501 Computational Fluid Dynamics
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies
subject: 50204 Environmental Impact Assessment
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: A mathematical model and algorithm accounting ventilation in the motion of the gas mixture in the garage are developed. The model is based on setting additional boundary conditions on the surfaces adjacent to the ventilation ducts and solving the problem of the discontinuity disintegration for a given ventilation flow. The resulting flow parameters are used to solve the equations of gas mixture motion by means of Godunov scheme.
Additional file 2 of Circular RNA circLOC101928570 suppresses systemic lupus erythematosus progression by targeting the miR-150-5p/c-myb axis
Creators: name: Zhao, Xingwang
name: Dong, Rui
name: Tang, Zhongwei
name: Wang, Juan
name: Wang, Chunyou
name: Song, Zhiqiang
name: Ni, Bing
name: Zhang, Longlong
name: He, Xiaochong
name: You, Yi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 2: Table S2. The sequences of the primers used for qRT–PCR.
Agricultura, Competividade e Coesão Social em Cabo Verde. A Importância do Plano Estratégico de Desenvolvimento Agrícola (PEDA
Creators: name: Fortes, Arlindo Rodrigues
name: Costa, Eduarda Marques Da
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 160510 Public Policy
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: 70108 Sustainable Agricultural Development
subject: FOS: Other agricultural sciences

description: A atividade agrícola é a base económica da maior parte da população rural de Cabo Verde, onde 60% de toda a
população depende do mundo rural. Os pequenos agricultores são responsáveis por 89% das propriedades agrícolas e 90% da agropecuária desenvolvida nas parcelas tradicionais. A agricultura de sequeiro, que é o tipo de agricultura mais representativo cobre apenas 10-15% do consumo nacional de alimentos. Tendo em conta este quadro contextual, foi desenvolvido o Plano Estratégico de Desenvolvimento Agrícola (PEDA) a longo prazo (2015) no âmbito do programa de cooperação técnica com a FAO. As bases para os próximos 10 anos foram definidas para acelerar o processo de desenvolvimento de Cabo Verde, nomeadamente nas zonas rurais, através do aceleramento do crescimento económico, da diversificação das fontes de rendimento e da promoção de desenvolvimento equilibrado, participativo e que respeite o ambiente. Pretende-se assim consolidar uma nova agricultura capaz de uma gestão sustentável dos recursos naturais, diversificar e aumentar a produção agrícola, combater a pobreza e melhorar a segurança alimentar. Devido à débil eficiência do sistema institucional de seguimento e avaliação, não existe uma análise do grau de execução do PEDA, e neste
contexto este trabalho tem por objetivo avaliar o grau de implementação do Plano Estratégico de Desenvolvimento da Agricultura durante do Período de 2009-2012 e a forma como este se articula com outros instrumentos da política de Cabo Verde, em domínios complementares como é exemplo o da pobreza. A estratégia nacional vê no desenvolvimento agrícola não só uma forma de promover a atividade económica melhorando a sua competitividade, como também vê este setor como uma forma importante de coesão social. Espera-se que os resultados desta avaliação possam trazer evidências de forma a reforçar a formulação de novas políticas públicas e de incentivar o processo de realização da avaliação, demonstrando-se a importância de articular
How Were the Hilbert--Einstein Equations Discovered?
Creators: name: Logunov, A. A.
name: Mestvirishvili, M. A.
name: Petrov, V. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The pathways along which A. Einstein and D. Hilbert independently came to the gravitational field equations are traced. Some of the papers that assert a point of view on the history of the derivation of the gravitational field equations ``that radically differs from the standard point of view'' are critically analyzed. It is shown that the conclusions drawn in these papers are completely groundless.
description: 40 pages, misprints removed
Anisotropies of the g-factor tensor and diamagnetic coefficient in crystal-phase quantum dots in InP nanowires
Creators: name: Wu, Shiyao
name: Peng, Kai
name: Battiato, Sergio
name: Zannier, Valentina
name: Bertoni, Andrea
name: Goldoni, Guido
name: Xie, Xin
name: Yang, Jingnan
name: Xiao, Shan
name: Qian, Chenjiang
name: Song, Feilong
name: Sun, Sibai
name: Dang, Jianchen
name: Yu, Yang
name: Beltram, Fabio
name: Sorba, Lucia
name: Li, Ang
name: Li, Bei-bei
name: Rossella, Francesco
name: Xu, Xiulai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Crystal-phase low-dimensional structures offer great potential for the implementation of photonic devices of interest for quantum information processing. In this context, unveiling the fundamental parameters of the crystal phase structure is of much relevance for several applications. Here, we report on the anisotropy of the g-factor tensor and diamagnetic coefficient in wurtzite/zincblende (WZ/ZB) crystal-phase quantum dots (QDs) realized in single InP nanowires. The WZ and ZB alternating axial sections in the NWs are identified by high-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy. The electron (hole) g-factor tensor and the exciton diamagnetic coefficients in WZ/ZB crystal-phase QDs are determined through micro-photoluminescence measurements at low temperature (4.2 K) with different magnetic field configurations, and rationalized by invoking the spin-correlated orbital current model. Our work provides key parameters for band gap engineering and spin states control in crystal-phase low-dimensional structures in nanowires.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
The role of mutation rate in a simple colonization model
Creators: name: Huerta-Quintanilla, R.
name: Rodriguez-Achach, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We study the effect of mutations in a simple model of colonization, based on Montecarlo simulations. When the population colonizes the whole available habitat, a maximum population density is reached, which depends on the mutation rate. Depending on the values of other parameters, such as selection pressure, fecundity and mobility, there is an optimal value for the mutation rate for which the colonization reaches the highest density. We also investigate the survival probabilities under different conditions and its relation to the mutation rate.
description: Accepted in Physica A
Nearby and Deferred Quotes: What They Tell Us about Linkages and Adjustments to Information
Creators: name: Mallory, Mindy
name: Garcia, Philip
name: Mallory, Mindy
name: Garcia, Philip
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: Agricultural marketing

description: Recently, the ‘Financialization’ of commodity futures markets, biofuel production, climate change and rising demand potentially have imposed profound shifts in the way commodity futures markets operate. This article examines commodity markets tick-by-tick and quote-by-quote to develop metrics on liquidity and transformation of information. The metrics are based on insights we combined from the sequential trading models on single securities, index futures based on a basket of securities, and special features of commodity futures markets. Correlation between quote revisions in nearby and deferred contracts measure information-based activity, and correlations between revisions of the time lagged nearby and deferred maturity measure the speed at which information is transmitted among the different futures maturities. Information based trading results in near perfect correlation between revisions to bids and offers in nearby and deferred contracts. Within one second information has been fully transmitted from nearby to deferred contracts.
A CP asymmetry in e^+e^- \to χ^0_iχ^0_j \to χ^0_j τstau_k with tau polarization
Creators: name: Bartl, A.
name: Kernreiter, T.
name: Kittel, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a CP-odd asymmetry in the supersymmetric process e^+e^- \to χ^0_i χ^0_j \to χ^0_j τstau_k by means of the transverse τpolarization. We calculate the asymmetry and cross sections at a future linear collider in the 500 GeV c.m.s. energy range with longitudinal polarized beams and high luminosity. We work in the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model with complex parameters μ, M_1 and A_τ. The asymmetry can reach values up to 60 %. We also estimate the sensitivity for measuring the τpolarization necessary to probe the CP asymmetry.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures
Zeroes of quaternionic modular forms and central $L$-values
Creators: name: Martin, Kimball
name: Wiebe, Jordan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Values of quaternionic modular forms are related to twisted central $L$-values via periods and a theorem of Waldspurger. In particular, certain twisted $L$-values must be non-vanishing for forms with no zeroes. Here we study, theoretically and computationally, zeroes of definite quaternionic modular forms of trivial weight. Local sign conditions force certain forms to have trivial zeroes, but we conjecture that almost all forms have no nontrivial zeroes. In particular, almost all forms with appropriate local signs should have no zeroes. We show these conjectures follow from a conjecture on the average number of Galois orbits, and give applications to (non)vanishing of $L$-values.
description: 29 pages; minor revisions; to appear in the Journal of Number Theory
Information Content of USDA Rice Reports and Price Reactions of Rice Futures
Creators: name: Darby, Jessica L.
name: McKenzie, Andrew M.
name: Darby, Jessica L.
name: McKenzie, Andrew M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: Agricultural marketing

description: Rice is a predominant food staple in many regions of the world, and international rice markets play a vital role in ensuring the food security needs of developing countries. It is important to develop economic tools and market-based instruments to aid in the price discovery process, mitigate the effects of price instability, and make rice markets more responsive to the needs of both consumers and producers. The purpose of this study is to estimate the economic value of USDA supply and demand forecasts, specifically WASDE and NASS, with respect to rice futures markets. Two event study approaches are utilized in this study: (1) examine variability in returns on report-release days as compared to returns on pre- and post-report days, and (2) regress price reactions on changes in usage and production information. It is found that the USDA provides the rice futures markets with valuable information, and rice futures respond to the information in an economically consistent manner.
Dual formulation of the utility maximization problem: the case of nonsmooth utility
Creators: name: Bouchard, B.
name: Touzi, N.
name: Zeghal, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Computational Finance (q-fin.CP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: 90A09, 93E20, 49J52 (Primary) 60H30, 90A16. (Secondary)

description: We study the dual formulation of the utility maximization problem in incomplete markets when the utility function is finitely valued on the whole real line. We extend the existing results in this literature in two directions. First, we allow for nonsmooth utility functions, so as to include the shortfall minimization problems in our framework. Second, we allow for the presence of some given liability or a random endowment. In particular, these results provide a dual formulation of the utility indifference valuation rule.
Quasi-simultaneous Spectroscopic and Multi-band Photometric Observations of Blazar S5 0716+714 during 2018-2019
Creators: name: Feng, Hai-Cheng.
name: Liu, H. T.
name: Bai, J. M.
name: Xing, L. F.
name: Li, Y. B.
name: Xiao, M.
name: Xin, Y. X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In order to study short timescale optical variability of $γ$-ray blazar S5 0716+714, quasi-simultaneous spectroscopic and multi-band photometric observations were performed from 2018 November to 2019 March with the 2.4 m optical telescope located at Lijiang Observatory of Yunnan Observatories. The observed spectra are well fitted with a power-law $F_λ=Aλ^{-α}$ (spectral index $α>0$). Correlations found between $\dotα$, $\dot{A}$, $\dot{A}/A$, $\dot{F_{\rmλ}}$, and $\dot{F_{\rmλ}}/F_{\rmλ}$ are consistent with the trend of bluer-when-brighter (BWB). \textbf{The same case is for colors, magnitudes, color variation rates, and magnitude variation rates of photometric observations.} The variations of $α$ lead those of $F_{\rmλ}$. Also, the color variations lead the magnitude variations. The observational data are mostly distributed in the I(+,+) and III(-,-) quadrants of coordinate system. Both of spectroscopic and photometric observations show BWB behaviors in S5 0716+714. The observed BWB may be explained by the shock-jet model, and its appearance may depend on the relative position of the observational frequency ranges with respect to the synchrotron peak frequencies, e.g., at the left of the peak frequencies. \textbf{Fractional variability amplitudes are $F_{\rm{var}}\sim 40\%$ for both of spectroscopic and photometric observations. Variations of $α$ indicate variations of relativistic electron distribution producing the optical spectra. }
description: 28 pages, 11 figures, accepted in ApJ
The perils of minimal coupling to electromagnetic field in quantum many-body systems
Creators: name: Skolimowski, Jan
name: Amaricci, Adriano
name: Fabrizio, Michele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Consistency with the Maxwell equations determines how matter must be coupled to the electro-magnetic field (EMF) within the minimal coupling scheme. Specifically, if the Hamiltonian includes just a short-range repulsion among the conduction electrons, as is commonly the case for models of correlated metals, those electrons must be coupled to the full internal EMF, whose longitudinal and transverse components are self-consistently related to the electron charge and current densities through Gauss's and circuital laws, respectively. Since such self-consistency relation is hard to implement when modelling the non-equilibrium dynamics caused by the EMF, as in pump-probe experiments, it is common to replace in model calculations the internal EMF by the external one. Here we show that such replacement may be extremely dangerous, especially when the frequency of the external EMF is below the intra-band plasma edge.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
Will the Margin Protection Program for Dairy Producers Crowd Out Dairy Futures and Options?
Creators: name: Yang, Fanda
name: Bozic, Marin
name: Yang, Fanda
name: Bozic, Marin
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: Agricultural marketing

description: The Margin Protection Program for Dairy Producers, created under the Agricultural Act of 2014, introduces a new margin insurance program that pays dairy producers when national incomeover- feed-cost margin declines below elected coverage level. A potential side effect of the program is that it may crowd out hedging using CME dairy futures and options. We analyze this issue under the assumption that hedging and Margin Protection Program are utilized by dairy producers as a protection against catastrophic margin risks. We model such behavior using safety-first preferences where farmers minimize hedge ratio subject to probabilistic constraint on revenue falling below a critical threshold level. We use Monte Carlo simulations and accounting data on dairy cost of production in two US regions to compare the crowding-out effect on representative producers in the upper and lower Midwest. We find that the magnitude of the crowding out depends on production efficiency, market risk exposure, and the timing of the Margin Protection Program sign-up.
Temporal Diffusion
Creators: name: Boon, Jean Pierre
name: Grosfils, Patrick
name: Lutsko, James F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the general problem of the first passage distribution of particles whose displacements are subject to time delays. We show that this problem gives rise to a \emph{propagation-dispersion equation} which is obtained as the continuous limit of the exact microscopic \emph{first visit equation}. The propagation-dispersion equation should be contrasted with the advection-diffusion equation as the roles of space and time are reversed, hence the name \emph{temporal diffusion}, which is a generic behavior encountered in an important class of systems.
description: 7 pages including one figure