cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
GREENHOUSE GAS POLICIES AND THE INTERNATIONAL COMPETITIVENESS OF THE HOG INDUSTRY
Creators: name: Gray, Richard S.
name: Harper, Deborah
name: Highmoore, T.
name: Gray, Richard S.
name: Harper, Deborah
name: Highmoore, T.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy
Production Economics

description: This paper was presented at the INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN LIVESTOCK PRODUCTS SYMPOSIUM in Auckland, New Zealand, January 18-19, 2001. The Symposium was sponsored by: the International Agricultural Trade Research Consortium, the Venture Trust, Massey University, New Zealand, and the Centre for Applied Economics and Policy Studies, Massey University. Dietary changes, especially in developing countries, are driving a massive increase in demand for livestock products. The objective of this symposium was to examine the consequences of this phenomenon, which some have even called a "revolution." How are dietary patterns changing, and can increased demands for livestock products be satisfied from domestic resources? If so, at what cost? What will be the flow-on impacts, for example, in terms of increased demands for feedgrains and the pressures for change within marketing systems? A supply-side response has been the continued development of large-scale, urban-based industrial livestock production systems that in many cases give rise to environmental concerns. If additional imports seem required, where will they originate and what about food security in the importing regions? How might market access conditions be re-negotiated to make increased imports achievable? Other important issues discussed involved food safety, animal health and welfare and the adoption of biotechnology, and their interactions with the negotiation of reforms to domestic and trade policies. Individual papers from this conference are available on AgEcon Search. If you would like to see the complete agenda and set of papers from this conference, please visit the IATRC Symposium web page at: http://www1.umn.edu/iatrc.intro.htm
Guided accumulation of active particles by topological design of a second-order skin effect
Creators: name: Palacios, Lucas S.
name: Tchoumakov, Serguei
name: Guix, Maria
name: Pagonabarraga, Ignasio
name: Sánchez, Samuel
name: Grushin, Adolfo G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Collective guidance of out-of-equilibrium systems without using external fields is a challenge of paramount importance in active matter, ranging from bacterial colonies to swarms of self-propelled particles. Designing strategies to guide active matter and exploiting enhanced diffusion associated to its motion will provide insights for application from sensing, drug delivery to water remediation. However, achieving directed motion without breaking detailed balance, for example by asymmetric topographical patterning, is challenging. Here we engineer a two-dimensional periodic topographical design with detailed balance in its unit cell where we observe spontaneous particle edge guidance and corner accumulation of self-propelled particles. This emergent behaviour is guaranteed by a second-order non-Hermitian skin effect, a topologically robust non-equilibrium phenomenon, that we use to dynamically break detailed balance. Our stochastic circuit model predicts, without fitting parameters, how guidance and accumulation can be controlled and enhanced by design: a device guides particles more efficiently if the topological invariant characterizing it is non-zero. Our work establishes a fruitful bridge between active and topological matter, and our design principles offer a blueprint to design devices that display spontaneous, robust and predictable guided motion and accumulation, guaranteed by out-of-equilibrium topology.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures ; methods and supplementary material included (3 + 10 pages) ; accepted in Nature Communication
Mechanism of action of Tripterygium wilfordii for treatment of idiopathic membranous nephropathy based on network pharmacology
Creators: name: Shi, Honghong
name: Hou, Yanjuan
name: Su, Xiaole
name: Qiao, Jun
name: Wang, Qian
name: Guo, Xiaojiao
name: Gao, Zhihong
name: Wang, Lihua
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Although thunder god vine (Tripterygium wilfordii) has been widely used for treatment of idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN), the pharmacological mechanisms underlying its effects are still unclear. This study investigated potential therapeutic targets and the pharmacological mechanism of T. wilfordii for the treatment of IMN based on network pharmacology. Active components of T. wilfordii were obtained from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform. IMN-associated target genes were collected from the GeneCards, DisGeNET, and OMIM databases. VENNY 2.1 was used to identify the overlapping genes between active compounds of T. wilfordii and IMN target genes. The STRING database and Cytoscape 3.7.2 software were used to analyze interactions among overlapping genes. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analyses of the targets were performed using Rx64 4.0.2 software, colorspace, stringi, DOSE, clusterProfiler, and enrichplot packages. A total of 153 compound-related genes and 1485 IMN-related genes were obtained, and 45 core genes that overlapped between both categories were identified. The protein–protein interaction network and MCODE results indicated that the targets TP53, MAPK8, MAPK14, STAT3, IFNG, ICAM1, IL4, TGFB1, PPARG, and MMP1 play important roles in the treatment of T. wilfordii on IMN. Enrichment analysis showed that the main pathways of targets were the AGE signaling pathway, IL-17 signaling pathway, TNF signaling pathway, and Toll-like receptor signaling pathway. This study revealed potential multi-component and multi-target mechanisms of T. wilfordii for the treatment of IMN based on network pharmacological, and provided a scientific basis for further experimental studies.
COMPETITIVE FORCES IN THE JAPANESE BEEF MARKET
Creators: name: Reed, Michael R.
name: Iswariyadi, A.
name: Reed, Michael R.
name: Iswariyadi, A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This paper was presented at the INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN LIVESTOCK PRODUCTS SYMPOSIUM in Auckland, New Zealand, January 18-19, 2001. The Symposium was sponsored by: the International Agricultural Trade Research Consortium, the Venture Trust, Massey University, New Zealand, and the Centre for Applied Economics and Policy Studies, Massey University. Dietary changes, especially in developing countries, are driving a massive increase in demand for livestock products. The objective of this symposium was to examine the consequences of this phenomenon, which some have even called a "revolution." How are dietary patterns changing, and can increased demands for livestock products be satisfied from domestic resources? If so, at what cost? What will be the flow-on impacts, for example, in terms of increased demands for feedgrains and the pressures for change within marketing systems? A supply-side response has been the continued development of large-scale, urban-based industrial livestock production systems that in many cases give rise to environmental concerns. If additional imports seem required, where will they originate and what about food security in the importing regions? How might market access conditions be re-negotiated to make increased imports achievable? Other important issues discussed involved food safety, animal health and welfare and the adoption of biotechnology, and their interactions with the negotiation of reforms to domestic and trade policies. Individual papers from this conference are available on AgEcon Search. If you would like to see the complete agenda and set of papers from this conference, please visit the IATRC Symposium web page at: http://www1.umn.edu/iatrc.intro.htm
Search in weighted complex networks
Creators: name: Thadakamalla, Hari P.
name: Albert, Reka
name: Kumara, Soundar R. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study trade-offs presented by local search algorithms in complex networks which are heterogeneous in edge weights and node degree. We show that search based on a network measure, local betweenness centrality (LBC), utilizes the heterogeneity of both node degrees and edge weights to perform the best in scale-free weighted networks. The search based on LBC is universal and performs well in a large class of complex networks.
description: 14 pages, 5 figures, 4 tables, minor changes, added a reference
Addition of terlipressin to norepinephrine in septic shock and effect of renal perfusion: a pilot study
Creators: name: Wang, Jinlong
name: Shi, Mengjuan
name: Huang, Lili
name: Li, Qing
name: Meng, Shanshan
name: Xu, Jingyuan
name: Xue, Ming
name: Xie, Jianfeng
name: Liu, Songqiao
name: Huang, Yingzi
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Terlipressin improves renal function in patients with septic shock. However, the mechanism remains unclear. Here, we aimed to evaluate the effects of terlipressin on renal perfusion in patients with septic shock. This pilot study enrolled patients with septic shock in the intensive care unit of the tertiary hospital from September 2019 to May 2020. We randomly assigned patients to terlipressin and usual care groups using a 1:1 ratio. Terlipressin was intravenously pumped at a rate of 1.3 μg/kg/hour for 24 h. We monitored renal perfusion using renal contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS). The primary outcome was peak sonographic signal intensity (a renal perfusion parameter monitored by CEUS) at 24 h after enrollment. 22 patients were enrolled in this study with 10 in the terlipressin group and 12 in the usual care group. The baseline characteristics of patients between the two groups were comparable. The peak sonographic signal intensity at 24 h after enrollment in the terlipressin group (60.5 ± 8.6 dB) was significantly higher than that in the usual care group (52.4 ± 7.0 dB; mean difference, 7.1 dB; 95% CI, 0.4–13.9; adjusted p = .04). Patients in the terlipressin group had a lower time to peak, heart rates, norepinephrine dose, and a higher stroke volume at 24 h after enrollment. No significant difference in the urine output within 24 h and incidence of acute kidney injury within 28 days was found between the two groups. Terlipressin improves renal perfusion, increases stroke volume, and decreases norepinephrine dose and heart rates in patients with septic shock.
Two-stage battery recharge scheduling and vehicle-charger assignment policy for dynamic electric dial-a-ride services
Creators: name: Ma, Tai-Yu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Coordinating the charging scheduling of electric vehicles for dynamic dial-a-ride services is challenging considering charging queuing delays and stochastic customer demand. We propose a new two-stage solution approach to handle dynamic vehicle charging scheduling to minimize the costs of daily charging operations of the fleet. The approach comprises two components: daily vehicle charging scheduling and online vehicle-charger assignment. A new battery charge scheduling model is proposed to obtain the vehicle charging schedules by minimizing the costs of vehicle daily charging operations while satisfying vehicle driving needs to serve customers. In the second stage, an online vehicle-charger assignment model is developed to minimize the total vehicle idle time for charges by considering queuing delays at the level of chargers. An efficient Lagrangian relaxation algorithm is proposed to solve the large-scale vehicle-charger assignment problem with small optimality gaps. The approach is applied to a realistic dynamic dial-a-ride service case study in Luxembourg and compared with the nearest charging station charging policy and first-come-first-served minimum charging delay policy under different charging infrastructure scenarios. Our computational results show that the approach can achieve significant savings for the operator in terms of charging waiting times (-74.9%), charging times (-38.6%), and charged energy costs (-27.4%). A sensitivity analysis is conducted to evaluate the impact of the different model parameters, showing the scalability and robustness of the approach in a stochastic environment.
Cheilotrypa gongae Tolokonnikova, Song & Zong, 2025, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Tolokonnikova, Zoya A.
name: Song, Junjun
name: Zong, Ruiwen
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Bryozoa
Stenolaemata
Cystoporida
Fistuliporidae
Cheilotrypa
Cheilotrypa gongae

description: Cheilotrypa gongae sp. nov.
(Fig. 3A–D, Table 1)
Holotype. CNIGR museum № 12/13031; Bulongguoer section, upper member of the Hongguleleng Formation, Devonian (uppermost Famennian); Xinjiang, China.
Additional material. CNIGR museum № 13/13031, 14/13031, 15/13031, 16/13031, 17/13031, 18/13031, 19/13031, 20/13031, 21/13031, 22/13031, 23/13031, 24/13031, 25/13031, 26/13031, 27/13031, 28/13031, 29/13031; same details as for the holotype.
Etymology. The species is named in honour of Professor Yiming Gong, who contributed greatly to the study of Devonian stratigraphy and palaeontology.
Diagnosis. Colony ramose. Single diaphragms in autozooecial chambers between exozone and endozone. Autozooecial apertures oval with poorly developed bell-shaped lunaria. Abundant vesicles in 1–3 rows between autozooecial apertures.
Description. Colony ramose, dichotomously branched.Autozooecia long, tubular, growing upright in endozone. Autozooecia bend sharply in exozone at an angle of 80°. Autozooecial walls 0.01 mm thick in endozone and 0.02 mm in exozone. Endozone is usually one-third of the colony diameter. Single autozooecial diaphragms located in autozooecial chambers between exozone and endozone. Autozooecial apertures on surfaces oval, arranged in irregular diagonal rows. Apertures with thick-walled peristomes, 0.02–0.03 mm in thickness. Bell-shaped lunaria are not expressed at every autozooecial aperture. The length of the lunaria is 0.04 mm, the width is 0.08 mm. Vesicle skeleton well developed. Vesicles located in 1–3 rows on the aperture interspaces, surrounding each autozooecial aperture. Vesicles irregularly shaped, polygonal in tangential section, sealed by 0.06 mm thick layer of calcitic skeletal material on the colony surface.
Remarks. Cheilotrypa gongae sp. nov. differs from C. plimacylindrilla (Xia, 1997) from the Famennian of Xinjiang in the angle of autozooecia deviation in the exozone to the colony surface (80° vs 45° in C. plimacylindrilla), the presence of single autozooecial diaphragms (absent in C. plimacylindrilla), fewer rows of vesicles (1–3 vs 2–6 in C. plimacylindrilla), and smaller autozooecial apertures (0.12–0.14x 0.18–0.22 mm vs 0.14–0.20x 0.23–0.28 mm in C. plimacylindrilla).
Stratigraphical and geographical distribution. Upper member of the Hongguleleng Formation, Devonian (uppermost Famennian); Xinjiang, China.
description: Published as part of Tolokonnikova, Zoya A., Song, Junjun & Zong, Ruiwen, 2025, New latest Famennian (Late Devonian) cystoporate bryozoans from the Bulongguoer section, northwest Xinjiang, China, pp. 367-376 in Zootaxa 5594 (2) on page 370, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5594.2.8, http://zenodo.org/record/14954422
Trivial centralizers for Axiom A diffeomorphisms
Creators: name: Fisher, Todd
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37C05; 37C20; 37C29; 37D05; 37D20

description: We show there is a residual set of non-Anosov $C^{\infty}$ Axiom A diffeomorphisms with the no cycles property whose elements have trivial centralizer. If $M$ is a surface and $2\leq r\leq \infty$, then we will show there exists an open and dense set of of $C^r$ Axiom A diffeomorphisms with the no cycles property whose elements have trivial centralizer. Additionally, we examine commuting diffeomorphisms preserving a compact invariant set $Λ$ where $Λ$ is a hyperbolic chain recurrent class for one of the diffeomorphisms.
description: 18 pages
Modifiable lifestyle risk factors and survival after diagnosis with multiple myeloma
Creators: name: Cheah, Simon
name: Bassett, Julie K.
name: Bruinsma, Fiona J.
name: Hopper, John
name: Jayasekara, Harindra
name: Joshua, Doug
name: MacInnis, Robert J.
name: Prince, H. Miles
name: Southey, Melissa C.
name: Vajdic, Claire M.
name: van Leeuwen, Marina T.
name: Doo, Nicole Wong
name: Harrison, Simon J.
name: English, Dallas R.
name: Giles, Graham G.
name: Milne, Roger L.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer

description: While remaining incurable, median overall survival for MM now exceeds 5 years. Yet few studies have investigated how modifiable lifestyle factors influence survival. We investigate whether adiposity, diet, alcohol, or smoking are associated with MM-related fatality. We recruited 760 incident cases of MM via cancer registries in two Australian states during 2010–2016. Participants returned questionnaires on health and lifestyle. Follow-up ended in 2020. Flexible parametric survival models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for lifestyle exposures and risk of all-cause and MM-specific fatality. Higher pre-diagnosis Alternative Healthy Eating Index (AHEI) scores were associated with reduced MM-specific fatality (per 10-unit score, HR = 0.84, 95%CI = 0.70–0.99). Pre-diagnosis alcohol consumption was inversely associated with MM-specific fatality, compared with nondrinkers (0.1–20 g per day, HR = 0.59, 95%CI = 0.39–0.90; >20 g per day, HR = 0.67, 95%CI = 0.40–1.13). Tobacco smoking was associated with increased all-cause fatality compared with never smoking (former smokers: HR = 1.44, 95%CI = 1.10–1.88; current smokers: HR = 1.30, 95%CI = 0.80–2.10). There was no association between pre-enrollment body mass index (BMI) and MM-specific or all-cause fatality. Our findings support established recommendations for healthy diets and against smoking. Higher quality diet, as measured by the AHEI, may improve survival post diagnosis with MM.
Iguratimod alleviates tubulo-interstitial injury in mice with lupus
Creators: name: Xue, Leixi
name: Xu, Jiajun
name: Lu, Wentian
name: Fu, Jinxiang
name: Liu, Zhichun
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Tubulo-interstitial injury is a poor prognostic factor for lupus nephritis (LN). Here, we tested whether iguratimod could inhibit tubulo-interstitial injury in LN. MRL/lpr mice, an animal model of lupus, were treated with iguratimod or vehicle solution. Pathological changes of kidney were evaluated blindly by the same pathologist. Renal type I collagen (COL-I), IgG, E-cadherin, fibroblast-specific protein 1 (FSP-1) were detected by immunofluorescence, immunohistochemical staining or quantitative real-time PCR. After treated with transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) and iguratimod, E-cadherin, fibronectin, Smad2/3, p38 MAPK, p-Smad2/3, and p-p38 MAPK, β-catenin and TGF-β type II receptor (TGFβRII) in HK2 cells were measured by western blotting, quantitative real-time PCR or immunofluorescence. Iguratimod reduced immune deposition along the tubular basement membrane, inhibited the tubulo-interstitial infiltration of inflammatory cells, and alleviated tubular injury in MRL/lpr mice. Moreover, Iguratimod eased the tubulo-interstitial deposition of collagen fibers, which was confirmed by decreased expression of COL-I. Furthermore, iguratimod suppressed the expression of FSP-1 and increased that of E-cadherin in renal tubular epithelial cells. In HK2 cells cultured with TGF-β1, iguratimod treatment not only reversed cellular morphological changes, but also prevented E-cadherin downregulation and fibronectin upregulation. In addition, iguratimod inhibited phosphorylation of TGFβRII, Smad2/3 and p38 MAPK in HK2 cells treated with TGF-β1, and also blocked nuclear translocation of β-catenin. Iguratimod eased tubulo-interstitial lesions in LN, especially tubulo-interstitial fibrosis, and might have potential as a drug for inhibiting the progression of tubulo-interstitial fibrosis in LN.
Functional cartography of complex metabolic networks
Creators: name: Guimera, Roger
name: Amaral, Luis A. Nunes
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High-throughput techniques are leading to an explosive growth in the size of biological databases and creating the opportunity to revolutionize our understanding of life and disease. Interpretation of these data remains, however, a major scientific challenge. Here, we propose a methodology that enables us to extract and display information contained in complex networks. Specifically, we demonstrate that one can (i) find functional modules in complex networks, and (ii) classify nodes into universal roles according to their pattern of intra- and inter-module connections. The method thus yields a ``cartographic representation'' of complex networks. Metabolic networks are among the most challenging biological networks and, arguably, the ones with more potential for immediate applicability. We use our method to analyze the metabolic networks of twelve organisms from three different super-kingdoms. We find that, typically, 80% of the nodes are only connected to other nodes within their respective modules, and that nodes with different roles are affected by different evolutionary constraints and pressures. Remarkably, we find that low-degree metabolites that connect different modules are more conserved than hubs whose links are mostly within a single module.
description: 17 pages, 4 figures. Go to http://amaral.northwestern.edu for the PDF file of the reprint
Constraining parameters of coalescing stellar mass binary black hole systems with the Einstein Telescope alone
Creators: name: Singh, Neha
name: Bulik, Tomasz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Einstein Telescope (ET) is the future third generation gravitational wave detector consisting of three independent interferometers arranged in a triangular configuration, with the sensitivity large enough to be able to detect stellar mass black holes even beyond the redshift of 10. In this paper, we analyze the capabilities of ET as a standalone instrument and not part of a network. We show that the analysis of detection of binary coalescences in the three individual interferometers of the ET allow us to weakly constrain the sky location of the source. We present the analysis that leads to the constraints on the redshift and source frame chirp mass of detected binaries. We show that these values can be estimated with the accuracy comparable to the one expected from networks of gravitational wave interferometers. Thus, we show that the ET as a single instrument is able to break the redshift - chirp mass degeneracy and is therefore a valuable tool to explore properties of populations of merging compact object binaries.
description: 13 pages, 7 figures. Published in Physical Review D
Facilitating Farm-Level Adjustment to the Reform of Trade and Agricultural Policies
Creators: name: Hill, Berkeley
name: Blandford, David
name: Hill, Berkeley
name: Blandford, David
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
International Relations/Trade

description: This document was prepared by David Blandford, Penn State University and Berkeley Hill, London University. It is based on results from a research project funded by the Economic Research Service of the U.S. Department of Agriculture entitled "Policy Reform and Agricultural Adjustment" under a Cooperative Agreement with the Pennsylvania State University (No. 43-3AEK-3-80047). Additional funding was provided by the International Agricultural Trade Research Consortium (IATRC). Under the project, there was an international workshop at Imperial College, London in October 2003 and an IATRC symposium in Philadelphia in June 2004. The studies that are used as the basis of this paper are contained in an edited volume to be published by CABI Publishing (Blandford and Hill, 2005). Trade Policy Issues Papers (formerly known as IATRC Commissioned Papers) are prepared at the request of the executive committee of the IATRC. They are designed to address key public policy issues associated with international trade in food and agricultural products.
The Intermediate Scale Branch of the Landscape
Creators: name: Dine, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Three branches of the string theory landscape have plausibly been identified. One of these branches is expected to exhibit a roughly logarithmic distribution of supersymmetry breaking scales. The original KKLT models are in this class. We argue that certain features of the KKLT model are generic to this branch, and that the resulting phenomenology depends on a small set of discrete choices. As in the MSSM, the weak scale in these theories is tuned; a possible explanation is selection for the dark matter density.
description: 16 pages. More thorough analysis; additonal references
Efficacy and safety of nafamostat mesilate anticoagulation in blood purification treatment of critically ill patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Lin, Yao
name: Shao, Yiming
name: Liu, Yuchun
name: Yang, Ruoxuan
name: Liao, Shuanglin
name: Yang, Shuai
name: Xu, Mingwei
name: He, Junbing
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: Space Science
Medicine
Biotechnology
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Science Policy

description: Nafamostat mesilate (NM), a broad-spectrum and potent serine protease inhibitor, can be used as an anticoagulant during extracorporeal circulation, as well as a promising drug effective against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We conducted a systematic meta-analysis to evaluate the safety and efficacy of NM administration in critically ill patients who underwent blood purification therapy (BPT). The Cochrane Library, Web of Science and PubMed were comprehensively searched from inception to August 20, 2021, for potential studies. Four randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and seven observational studies with 2723 patients met the inclusion criteria. The meta-analysis demonstrated that conventional therapy (CT) significantly increased hospital mortality compared with NM administration (RR = 1.25, p = 0.0007). In subgroup analyses, the in-hospital mortality of the NM group was significantly lower than that of the anticoagulant-free (NA) group (RR = 1.31, p = 0.002). The CT interventions markedly elevated the risk ratio of bleeding complications by 45% (RR = 1.45, p = 0.010) compared with NM interventions. In another subgroup analysis, NM used exhibited a significantly lower risk of bleeding complications than those of the low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) used (RR = 4.58, p = 0.020). The filter lifespan was decreased significantly (MD = −10.59, p < 0.0001) in the NA groups compared with the NM groups. Due to the poor quality of the included RCTs, these results should be interpreted with caution. Given the better survival outcomes, lower risk of bleeding, NM anticoagulation seems to be a safe and efficient approach for BPT patients and could yield a favorable filter lifespan. More multi-center RCTs with large samples are required for further validation of this study.
Exciting extreme events in the damped and AC-driven NLS equation through plane wave initial conditions
Creators: name: Diamantidis, Sevastos
name: Horikis, Theodoros P.
name: Karachalios, Nikos I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 35Q55, 37L51, 35B41

description: We investigate, by direct numerical simulations, the dynamics of the damped and forced nonlinear Schrödinger (NLS) equation in the presence of a time periodic forcing and for certain parametric regimes. It is thus revealed, that the wave-number of a plane-wave initial condition dictates the number of emerged Peregrine type rogue waves at the early stages of modulation instability. The formation of these events gives rise to the same number of transient "triangular" spatio-temporal patterns, each of which is reminiscent of the one emerging in the dynamics of the integrable NLS in its semiclassical limit, when supplemented with vanishing initial conditions. We find that the $L^2$-norm of the spatial derivative and the $L^4$-norm detect the appearance of rogue waves as local extrema in their evolution. The impact of the various parameters and noisy perturbations of the initial condition in affecting the above behavior is also discussed. The long time behaviour, in the parametric regimes where the extreme wave events are observable, is explained in terms of the global attractor possessed by the system and the asymptotic orbital stability of spatially uniform continuous wave solutions.
description: 23 pages, 19 figures. Publication information: To appear in Chaos (2021)
The $6.1 Million Question
Creators: name: Heinzerling, Lisa
name: Ackerman, Frank
name: Heinzerling, Lisa
name: Ackerman, Frank
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy

description: What is the dollar value of saving a human life? Cost-benefit analysis of health and environmental regulation requires such a number, yet the concept raises numerous ethical and philosophical questions. There are good general reasons to reject the entire enterprise of monetizing life, and specific reasons to criticize the methods used to create such values. Valuations of life are most often based on analysis of the wage premium for risky jobs. Recent EPA analyses have relied on an extensive but dated database of wage-risk estimates, leading to an inflation-adjusted estimate of $6.1 million per life in 1999 dollars. A more appropriate interpretation of that database implies an estimate of at least $9-11 million. Some newer studies suggest much lower values - perhaps due to the weakened bargaining position of labor, a factor that has nothing to do with the value of environmental risk. The risk premium for working women is five times as great as for men, underscoring the impossibility of a "one size fits all" estimate of the value of a statistical life. Such values are not necessary for reasonable decision-making about how to reduce fatal risks.
Watson resummation of a class of Hausdorff-transformed power series
Creators: name: De Micheli, Enrico
name: Viano, Giovanni Alberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65B10; 30B10; 40G05

description: In this paper we study a class of Hausdorff--transformed power series whose convergence is extremely slow for large values of the argument. We perform a Watson-type resummation of these expansions, and obtain, by the use of the Pollaczek polynomials, a new representation whose convergence is much faster. We can thus propose a new algorithm for the numerical evaluation of these expansions, which include series playing a relevant role in the computation of the partition function in statistical mechanics. By the same procedure we obtain also a solution of the classical Hausdorff moment problem.
description: 18 pages, 4 Postscript figures
Scale dependence of coral reef oases and their environmental correlates
Creators: name: Elahi, Robin
name: Edmunds, Peter
name: Gates, Ruth
name: Kuffner, Ilsa
name: Barnes, Brian
name: Chollett, Iliana
name: Courtney, Travis
name: Guest, James
name: Lenz, Elizabeth
name: Toth, Lauren
name: Viehman, T. Shay
name: Williams, Ivor
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2024
Subjects: climate change
conservation
ecosystem
management
occupancy models
persistence
resilience

description: Identifying relatively intact areas within ecosystems and determining the conditions favoring their existence is necessary for effective management in the context of widespread environmental degradation. In this study, we used 3766 surveys of randomly selected sites in the United States and U.S. Territories to identify the correlates of sites categorized as “oases” (defined as sites with relatively high total coral cover). We used occupancy models to evaluate the influence of 10 environmental predictors on the probability that an area (21.2-km 2 cell) would harbor coral oases defined at four spatial extents: cross-basin, basin, region, and subregion. Across all four spatial extents, oases were more likely to occur in habitats with high light attenuation. The influence of the other environmental predictors on the probability of oasis occurrence were less consistent and varied with the scale of observation. Oases were most likely in areas of low human population density, but this effect was evident only at the cross-basin and subregional extents. At the regional and subregional extents oases were more likely where sea-surface temperature was more variable, whereas at the larger spatial extents the opposite was true. By identifying the correlates of oasis occurrence, the model can inform the prioritization of reef areas for management. Areas with biophysical conditions that confer corals with physiological resilience, as well as limited human impacts, likely support coral reef oases across spatial extents. Our approach is widely applicable to the development of conservation strategies to protect biodiversity and ecosystems in an era of magnified human disturbance.
Elliptic genera of pure gauge theories in two dimensions with semisimple non-simply-connected gauge groups
Creators: name: Eager, R.
name: Sharpe, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we describe a systematic method to compute elliptic genera of (2,2) supersymmetric gauge theories in two dimensions with gauge group G/Gamma (for G semisimple and simply-connected, Gamma a subgroup of the center of G) with various discrete theta angles. We apply the technique to examples of pure gauge theories with low-rank gauge groups. Our results are consistent with expectations from decomposition of two-dimensional theories with finite global one-form symmetries and with computations of supersymmetry breaking for some discrete theta angles in pure gauge theories. Finally, we make predictions for the elliptic genera of all the other remaining pure gauge theories by applying decomposition and matching to known supersymmetry breaking patterns.
description: 39 pages, LaTeX; v2: typos fixed; v3: minor revision
Macroeconomic Policy and Sustainability
Creators: name: Harris, Jonathan M.
name: Harris, Jonathan M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: macroeconomics
subject: growth
subject: equity
subject: sustainable development

description: The trend in mainstream economic thought about macroeconomic policy has been towards minimalism. In the optimistic Keynesian phase of the 1960's, it was assumed that both fiscal and monetary policy were effective tools for macroeconomic management. But the influence of monetarist and New Classical critiques has led to a gradual erosion of theoretical support for activist government policy. First fiscal policy fell by the wayside, perceived as too slow and possibly counterproductive in its impacts. Then New Classical and rational expectations critiques suggested that even monetary policy was ineffective. Thus the role of government policy has been reduced to a cautious effort not to make things worse - in effect a return to an economics of laissez-faire. In contrast, a sustainability perspective implies that radical and proactive government policies are required to achieve economic development that is both socially just and ecologically sound. The path of laissez-faire leads to increasing intra- and international inequality as well as increasing environmental destruction. To some extent the course of market economies can be steered through the use of sound microeconomic policies. But the fundamental redirection required for sustainable development cannot be achieved without reorienting macroeconomic policy also. Many of the basic tenets of macroeconomic policy need to be redefined in the context of current global problems. The objectives of macroeconomic policy should include economic stabilization, distributional equity, broad social goals such as income security, education, and universal health care, and the management of economic growth. There is an increasing recognition that the achievement of social goals is essential to environmental sustainability. Regarding growth, while earlier macroeconomic theorists generally assumed that growth was good, ecological economists such as Herman Daly have suggested that growth should be limited and that a sustainable economic scale, rather than exponential growth, should be the goal of macroeconomic policy. The time is ripe for a reassessment of macroeconomic theory and policy. The goal should be to provide a theoretical basis for the reorientation of macro policy at the national and international levels, linking efforts to promote local-level sustainability and equity with "greening" and restructuring of multilateral institutions.
Transverse momentum dependence of J/psi shadowing effects
Creators: name: Ferreiro, E. G.
name: Fleuret, F.
name: Rakotozafindrabe, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new approach to estimate the effect of the gluon shadowing in nucleus+nucleus collisions and its consequences on the J/psi production yield. Using kinematical information available from the measured J/psi production in proton+proton collisions at \sqrt s = 200 GeV, we build a Glauber Monte Carlo code which takes into account shadowing in two alternative ways: multiple scattering corrections or Q2 evolution of parton densities. We exploit the dependence of these different parameterizations to the J/psi transverse momentum and we give the first predictions on the resulting pT dependence of the nuclear modification factor in deuteron+gold collisions at the same energy.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures. Final version for journal submission
Efficacy and safety of expanded hemodialysis in hemodialysis patients: a meta-analysis and systematic review
Creators: name: Zhao, Yuchao
name: Gan, Liangying
name: Niu, Qingyu
name: Ni, Mengfan
name: Zuo, Li
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: Space Science
Medicine
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Science Policy

description: Expanded hemodialysis (HDx) is a new dialysis modality, but a systematic review of the clinical effects of using HDx is lacking. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of HDx for hemodialysis (HD) patients. PubMed, the Cochrane library, and EMBASE databases were systematically searched for prospective interventional studies comparing the efficacy and safety of HDx with those of high flux HD or HDF in HD patients. Eighteen trials including a total of 853 HD patients were enrolled. HDx increased the reduction ratio (RR) of β2-microglobulin (SMD 6.28%, 95% CI 0.83, 1.73, p = .02), κFLC (SMD 15.86%, 95% CI 6.96, 24.76, p = .0005), and λFLC (SMD 22.42%, 95% CI, 17.95, 26.88, p < .0001) compared with high flux HD. The RR of β2-microglobulin in the HDx group was lower than that in the HDF group (SMD −3.53%, 95% CI −1.16, −1.9, p < .0001). HDx increased the RRs of κFLC (SMD 1.34%, 95% CI 0.52, 2.16, p = .001) and λFLC (SMD 7.28%, 95% CI 1.08, 13.48, p = .02) compared to HDF. There was no significant difference in albumin loss into the dialysate between the HDx and HDF groups (SMD 0.35 g/session, 95% CI −2.38, 3.09, p = .8). This meta-analysis indicated that compared with high-flux HD and HDF, HDx can increase the clearance of medium and large-molecular-weight uremic toxins. And it does not increase the loss of albumin compared with HDF.
Cardiorespiratory responses following an 8 week deep water running training program in elderly women
Creators: name: Chu, Kelly Shan-Lin
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The study compared the acute and training responses of deep water running (DWR) to treadmill running (TMR) in elderly women. Twenty inactive, healthy women (64.5 ± 3.5 years) volunteered to participate in this study. Subjects were randomly and evenly divided into a control or exercise group. Maximal TMR exercise response was achieved using a graded protocol of 3.5mph, increasing 2% grade/min. Maximal DWR exercise response was achieved using a tethered apparatus starting at an initial load of 300g and increasing lOOg/min. Training intensities were set at 70%, 75%, and 80% of pre-training DWR maximal heart rates (HR) during weeks 1-2, 3-5, and 6-8, respectively. Maximal oxygen consumption (VC>2max), ventilation (VE), heart rate (HR), and respiratory exchange ratio (RER) were measured during DWR and TMR maximal tests, both pre and post training. Blood samples were taken 2 minutes post exercise to determine blood lactate concentrations (Blac). Within subject repeated measures ANOVA was performed to determine whether statistical differences occurred across exercise conditions (TMR vs. DWR), over time (training effect), and with training responses between TMR and DWR (specificity of training). Data obtained pertaining to the acute responses of DWR and TMR revealed significantly higher TMR V02max (23.94 vs. 18.49 and 21.59 vs. 17.65 ml/kg/min, p<0.05) and HR (164.50 vs. 157.70 and 161.75 vs. 156.13 beats/min, p<0.05) compared to DWR for exercise and control groups, respectively. Training for 8 weeks with DWR increased TMR VE (14%, p<0.05), TMR V02max (18%, p<0.05), and DWR VE (15%, p<0.05). Deep water running V02max did not statistically improve within the exercise group over 8 weeks (p>0.05). However, significant differences did exist between exercise and control groups over time (group by time interaction, p<0.05), indicating a training effect. The inability to reach statistical significance in DWR VC^max within the exercise group over time may be attributable to the characteristics of water immersion causing ventilation/ perfusion inequalities and/or the protocol used to assess DWR maximal exercise capacity, in which case muscular strength could have been a limiting factor. While the data obtained in this study did not show within group improvements in DWR VChmax, differences across groups over time combined with improvements in TMR VO"2max, TMR VE, and DWR V E indicate that training adaptations do occur with DWR training protocols, despite the lower physiological stress induced with WI.
Effective shear and bulk viscosities for anisotropic flow
Creators: name: Gardim, Fernando G.
name: Ollitrault, Jean-Yves
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We evaluate the viscous damping of anisotropic flow in heavy-ion collisions for arbitrary temperature-dependent shear and bulk viscosities. We show that the damping is solely determined by effective shear and bulk viscosities, which are weighted averages over the temperature. We determine the relevant weights for nucleus-nucleus collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}=5.02$ TeV and 200 GeV, corresponding to the maximum LHC and RHIC energies, by running ideal and viscous hydrodynamic simulations. The effective shear viscosity is driven by temperatures below $210$ MeV at RHIC, and below $280$ MeV at the LHC, with the largest contributions coming from the lowest temperatures, just above freeze-out. The effective bulk viscosity is driven by somewhat higher temperatures, corresponding to earlier stages of the collision. We show that at a fixed collision energy, the effective viscosity is independent of centrality and system size, to the same extent as the mean transverse momentum of outgoing hadrons. The variation of viscous damping is determined by Reynolds number scaling.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures. Revised version, Figs. 4 and 5 modified
Reconciling Growth and the Environment
Creators: name: Goodwin, Neva R.
name: Harris, Jonathan M.
name: Goodwin, Neva R.
name: Harris, Jonathan M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy

description: Macroeconomic theory and policy are strongly based on the assumption that economic growth is a fundamental goal. The environmental realities of the twenty- first century compel a reassessment of macro theory in terms of the impact of current growth patterns on planetary ecosystems. This paper examines the macroeconomic impacts of growth in terms of several major areas of conflict between economic demands and ecosystem capacities: (1) energy use and fossil fuel dependence (2) greenhouse gas emissions and climate change (3) transportation systems and automobile use (4) food systems and agricultural productivity (5) water, forests, and fisheries (6) toxic chemicals and wastes. Implications for macroeconomic theory include a modification of the goal of increasing consumption, and a distinction between the consumption of necessities and luxuries. In addition, macro theory needs to address the issue of how to achieve a stable, full-employment economy in the absence of continual growth. The role of social investment and the provision of public goods needs to be recognized. The concept of a "long-term growth path" should be modified to take account of the specific impact of investment choices that affect long-term economic structure, and the concept of GDP needs to be broadened to a multidimensional measure of well-being. Macroeconomic policy implications include a shift in tax burden from income, capital, and labor to energy, materials, and waste flows, an increase in public investment, and new global institutions to regulate capital flows and transfer funds to developing nations.