cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Milky Way Imaging Scroll Painting (MWISP): Project Details and Initial Results from the Galactic Longitude of 25.8deg to 49.7deg
Creators: name: Su, Yang
name: Yang, Ji
name: Zhang, Shaobo
name: Gong, Yan
name: Wang, Hongchi
name: Zhou, Xin
name: Wang, Min
name: Chen, Zhiwei
name: Sun, Yan
name: Chen, Xuepeng
name: Xu, Ye
name: Jiang, Zhibo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Milky Way Imaging Scroll Painting (MWISP) project is an unbiased Galactic plane CO survey for mapping regions of l=-10deg to +250deg and |b|<5.2deg with the 13.7 m telescope of the Purple Mountain Observatory. The legacy survey aims to observe the 12CO, 13CO, and C18O (J=1-0) lines simultaneously with full sampling using the nine-beam Superconducting SpectroScopic Array Receiver (SSAR) system with an instantaneous bandwidth of 1 GHz. In this paper, the completed 250 deg^2 data from l=+25.8deg to +49.7deg are presented with a grid spacing of 30" and a typical rms noise level of ~0.5 K for 12CO at the channel width of 0.16 km/s and ~0.3 K for 13CO and C18O at 0.17 km/s. The high quality data with moderate resolution (50"), uniform sensitivity, and high spatial dynamic range, allow us to investigate the details of molecular clouds (MCs) traced by the three CO isotope lines. Three interesting examples are briefly investigated, including distant Galactic spiral arms traced by CO emission with VLSR<0 km/s, the bubble-like dense gas structure near the HII region W40, and the MCs distribution perpendicular to the Galactic plane.
description: 40 pages, 17 figures and 2 tables in one-column format, accepted for publication in ApJS
MOESM3 of Quality of malaria services offered in public health facilities in three provinces of Mozambique: a cross-sectional study
Creators: name: Candrinho, Baltazar
name: Plucinski, Mateusz
name: Colborn, James
name: Silva, Mariana Da
name: Guidion Mathe
name: Mercia Dimene
name: Chico, Ana
name: Castel-Branco, Ana
name: Brito, Frederico
name: Andela, Marcel
name: Leon, Gabriel Ponce De
name: Abuchahama Saifodine
name: Zulliger, Rose
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 3. Proportion of healthcare workers responding correctly to questions on malaria case management in Maputo, ZambĂŠzia, and Cabo Delgado Provinces, Mozambique, 2018.
Tensile Testing Analysis of the HRB400 Steel Reinforcement Bar
Creators: name: Dhoska, Klodian
Publisher: name: International Journal of Innovative Technology and Interdisciplinary Sciences
Year: 2019

description: Many of the engineering applications have been focused on the tensile testing of steels for several reasons and wide usage. Mechanical properties of the steel plays a key role for ensuring the quality of this material after the manufacturing process. One of the important tests for determination the mechanical properties of steel has been focused on the results of the tensile test. Based on it, we can have important information for selecting steel material in different engineering applications such as civil engineering for constructions application, manufacturing industries for machinery details etc. The tensile properties has been used and measured during development of new material or other processes. In our research work we have been focused on the usage of the tensile testing analysis of HRB400 Steel Bar after heat treatment process.
description: International Journal of Innovative Technology and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Vol 2 No 2 (2019): International Journal of Innovative Technology and Interdisciplinary Sciences
Optimal Sets and Solution Paths of ReLU Networks
Creators: name: Mishkin, Aaron
name: Pilanci, Mert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We develop an analytical framework to characterize the set of optimal ReLU neural networks by reformulating the non-convex training problem as a convex program. We show that the global optima of the convex parameterization are given by a polyhedral set and then extend this characterization to the optimal set of the non-convex training objective. Since all stationary points of the ReLU training problem can be represented as optima of sub-sampled convex programs, our work provides a general expression for all critical points of the non-convex objective. We then leverage our results to provide an optimal pruning algorithm for computing minimal networks, establish conditions for the regularization path of ReLU networks to be continuous, and develop sensitivity results for minimal ReLU networks.
description: Minor updates and corrections to clarify the role of merge/split symmetries in formation of ReLU optimal set and add missing sufficient conditions for all minimal models to have the same cardinality
Energy Efficiency and Conservation Pathways Energy Audit
Creators: name: Lawson, Graeme
name: John, Derek
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Some SEEDS project reports contain confidential information where a project participant(s) requested that the full research report not be made publically available. For further information on this project report, please email Liska Richer, Manager, UBC SEEDS Sustainability Program at: Liska.Richer@ubc.ca Disclaimer: “UBC SEEDS provides students with the opportunity to share the findings of their studies, as well as their opinions, conclusions and recommendations with the UBC community. The reader should bear in mind that this is a student project/report and is not an official document of UBC. Furthermore readers should bear in mind that these reports may not reflect the current status of activities at UBC. We urge you to contact the research persons mentioned in a report or the SEEDS Coordinator about the current status of the subject matter of a project/report.”
Efficiency Based Comparison of Project Delivery Methods
Creators: name: Putcha, Chandra
name: K. Sharma, Deepak
name: Lekhi, Rajnish
Publisher: name: International Journal of Innovative Technology and Interdisciplinary Sciences
Year: 2019

description: Public Private Partnerships (PPP) are the future of infrastructure project delivery. Majority of the PPPs have been successful except a few over the past decade. The reasons for their failure are well documented by researchers. The misconceptions about PPPs make it increasingly difficult to pursue projects using PPP delivery system. One of the root causes of the misconceptions is from the ambiguities arising from qualitative data and assessments. To overcome this issue, efficiency-based comparison of project delivery methods utilizing Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) for decision making is presented through this paper. Proposed approach uses qualitative ratings and harnesses the integral utility of the ratings obtained while conducting objective assessment of qualitative data. California’s Presidio Parkway Project is used for case study analysis and the data is varied to create three hypothetical scenarios to determine sensitivity of the model. Results from case study are consistent with actual project implementation and the sensitivity analyses result are found to be consistent.
description: International Journal of Innovative Technology and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Vol 2 No 2 (2019): International Journal of Innovative Technology and Interdisciplinary Sciences
Tolstoy and Zola: Trains and Missed Connections
Creators: Bond, Nina Lee
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: Slavic literature
Comparative literature

description: "Tolstoy and Zola" juxtaposes the two writers to examine the evolution of the novel during the late nineteenth century. The juxtaposition is justified by the literary critical debates that were taking place in Russian and French journals during the 1870s and 1880s, concerning Tolstoy and Zola. In both France and Russia, heated arguments arose over the future of realism, and opposing factions held up either Tolstoy's brand of realism or Zola's naturalism as more promising. This dissertation uses the differences between Tolstoy and Zola to make more prominent a commonality in their respective novels Anna Karenina (1877) and La Bête humaine (1890): the railways. But rather than interpret the railways in these two novels as a symbol of modernity or as an engine for narrative, I concentrate on one particular aspect of the railway experience, known as motion parallax, which is a depth cue that enables a person to detect depth while in motion. Stationary objects close to a travelling train appear to be moving faster than objects in the distance, such as a mountain range, and moreover they appear to be moving backward. By examining motion parallax in both novels, as well as in some of Tolstoy's other works, The Kreutzer Sonata (1889) and The Death of Ivan Il'ich (1886), this dissertation attempts to address an intriguing question: what, if any, is the relationship between the advent of trains and the evolution of the novel during the late nineteenth century? Motion parallax triggers in a traveller the sensation of going backward even though one is travelling forward. This cognitive dissonance relates to Tolstoy's and Zola's depictions of Darwinism in their works. Despite their differences, both writers subscribed to a belief in the "fallacy of progress" and thought that technology was causing man, contrary to expectations, to regress. This dissertation explores the relationships between Darwinism, trains, and nineteenth-century notions of progress and degeneration in not only Anna Karenina and La Bête humaine, but also in The Kreutzer Sonata, and Zola's Thérèse Raquin (1867) and Germinal (1885). The goal of this multi-disciplinary dissertation, which interweaves literary analysis with sociology, history of science, and visual cultural history, is to provide a new perspective on the relationship between technology and narrative.
Pulses in the Zero-Spacing Limit of the GOY Model
Creators: name: Andersen, K. H.
name: Bohr, T.
name: Jensen, M. H.
name: Nielsen, J. L.
name: Olesen, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the propagation of localised disturbances in a turbulent, but momentarily quiescent and unforced shell model (an approximation of the Navier-Stokes equations on a set of exponentially spaced momentum shells). These disturbances represent bursts of turbulence travelling down the inertial range, which is thought to be responsible for the intermittency observed in turbulence. Starting from the GOY shell model, we go to the limit where the distance between succeeding shells approaches zero (``the zero spacing limit'') and helicity conservation is retained. We obtain a discrete field theory which is numerically shown to have pulse solutions travelling with constant speed and with unchanged form. We give numerical evidence that the model might even be exactly integrable, although the continuum limit seems to be singular and the pulses show an unusual super exponential decay to zero as $\exp(- \mathrm{const} σ^n)$ when $n \to \infty$, where $σ$ is the {\em golden mean}. For finite momentum shell spacing, we argue that the pulses should accelerate, moving to infinity in a finite time. Finally we show that the maximal Lyapunov exponent of the GOY model approaches zero in this limit.
description: 27 pages, submitted for publication
Semiparametric Analysis Of Random Effects Linear Models From Binary Panel Data
Creators: name: Manski, Charles F.
name: Manski, Charles F.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1985
Subjects: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: Andersen (1970) considered the problem of inference on random effects linear models from binary response panel data. He showed that inference is possible if the disturbances for each panel member are known to be white noise with the logistic distribution and if the observed explanatory variables vary over time. A conditional maximum likelihood estimator consistently estimates the model parameters up to scale. The present note shows that inference remains possible if the disturbances for each panel member are known only to be time-stationary with unbounded support and if the explanatory variables vary enough over time. A conditional version of the maximum score estimator (Manski, 1975, 1985) consistently estimates the model parameters up to scale.
MOESM2 of Quality of malaria services offered in public health facilities in three provinces of Mozambique: a cross-sectional study
Creators: name: Candrinho, Baltazar
name: Plucinski, Mateusz
name: Colborn, James
name: Silva, Mariana Da
name: Guidion Mathe
name: Mercia Dimene
name: Chico, Ana
name: Castel-Branco, Ana
name: Brito, Frederico
name: Andela, Marcel
name: Leon, Gabriel Ponce De
name: Abuchahama Saifodine
name: Zulliger, Rose
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2. Availability of malaria commodities during visits to health facilities in Maputo, ZambĂŠzia, and Cabo Delgado Provinces, Mozambique, 2018.
To judge and to be judged': Jewish Communal Autonomy in Metz and the Struggle for Sovereignty in Eighteenth-Century France
Creators: Katz, Jordan
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: Jews
History

description: Historians have cast the story of Jewish communal autonomy in various lights. Once
regarded as the defining feature of early modern Jewish life in Europe, communal autonomy has
been viewed through the prism of a state within a state, or a nation within a nation. Within this
conception, Jews retained the right to be judged by their own laws, and the states which they
inhabited demarcated clear boundaries between secular and religious jurisdiction. French Jewish
emancipation following the French Revolution was, in this view, entirely transformative as the
pivotal moment when French Jewish society received equal status under the law. To quote Jacob
Katz, “the transformation of Jewish society from prerevolutionary state represents perhaps the
greatest upheaval of any sector of European society at that time.”
Additional file 1 of Effectiveness of participatory trainings in improving nutrition knowledge and dietary diversity in rural Bangladesh
Creators: name: Davidson, Kelly A.
name: Kropp, Jaclyn D.
name: Rahman, Md. Wakilur
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1.
Tools and Methods to Engineer the Industrial Microorganism Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans
Creators: Kernan, Timothy Michael
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biophysics
Industrial microorganisms
Bioengineering

description: Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans is an important industrial organism used in the mining industry where it participates in passive bioleaching processes used to produce about 20% of the world’s copper supply. The bacterium thrives in strong mineral acids at ambient temperatures and derives metabolic energy from the oxidation of ferrous iron, sulfur, and reduced inorganic sulfide compounds to fix CO2 and N2. This unique metabolism provides new opportunities to engineer this organism for the production of fuels and chemicals from CO2. While A. ferrooxidans has been studied extensively for 60 years, the tools and methods necessary for a robust genetic system to manipulate and further study this bacterium are not well developed and published techniques are generally difficult to reproduce. This research focuses on developing the means to genetically modify this species to experimentally study its physiology and engineer the organism for the production of chemicals from CO2. This includes developing a robust and reproducible system to generate and select mutant strains, heterologous expression of exogenous genes, characterizing endogenous inducible promoters, and developing new plasmids to expand the repertoire of tools available for this organism.
Hubbard parameters for programmable tweezer arrays
Creators: name: Wei, Hao-Tian
name: Ibarra-García-Padilla, Eduardo
name: Wall, Michael L.
name: Hazzard, Kaden R. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The experimental realization of Fermi-Hubbard tweezer arrays opens a new stage for engineering fermionic matter, where programmable lattice geometries and Hubbard model parameters are combined with single-site imaging. In order to use these versatile experimental Fermi-Hubbard models as quantum simulators, it is crucial to know the Hubbard parameters describing them. Here we develop methods to calculate the Hubbard model parameters of arbitrary two-dimensional lattice geometries: the tunneling $t$, on-site potential $V$, and interaction $U$, for multiple bands and for both fermions and bosons. We show several examples. One notable finding is that a finite array of equally strong and separated individual tweezer potentials actually sums to give a non-periodic total potential and thus spatially non-uniform Hubbard parameters. We demonstrate procedures to find trap configurations that equalize these parameters. More generally, these procedures solve the inverse problem of calculating Hubbard parameters: given desired Hubbard parameters, find trap configurations to realize them. These methods will be critical tools for using tunnel-coupled tweezer arrays.
description: 14 pages, 8 figures
Instanton Calculus in Shell Models of Turbulence
Creators: name: Daumont, I.
name: Dombre, T.
name: Gilson, J. -L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has been shown recently that intermittency of the Gledzer Ohkitani Yamada (GOY) shell model of turbulence has to be related to singular structures whose dynamics in the inertial range includes interactions with a background of fluctuations. In this paper we propose a statistical theory of these objects by modelling the incoherent background as a Gaussian white-noise forcing of small strength $Γ$. A general scheme is developed for constructing instantons in spatially discrete dynamical systems and the Cramér function governing the probability distribution of effective singularities of exponent $z$ is computed up to first order in a semiclassical expansion in powers of $Γ$. The resulting predictions are compared with the statistics of coherent structures deduced from full simulations of the GOY model at very high Reynolds numbers.
description: 31 pages, 9 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. E
Additional file 5 of Tree reconciliation combined with subsampling improves large scale inference of orthologous group hierarchies
Creators: name: Heller, Davide
name: Szklarczyk, Damian
name: Mering, Christian Von
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Supplementary information for the Quest for Orthologs benchmark reference proteomes mapping process. (PDF 59 kb)
MOESM1 of Quality of malaria services offered in public health facilities in three provinces of Mozambique: a cross-sectional study
Creators: name: Candrinho, Baltazar
name: Plucinski, Mateusz
name: Colborn, James
name: Silva, Mariana Da
name: Guidion Mathe
name: Mercia Dimene
name: Chico, Ana
name: Castel-Branco, Ana
name: Brito, Frederico
name: Andela, Marcel
name: Leon, Gabriel Ponce De
name: Abuchahama Saifodine
name: Zulliger, Rose
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Mozambique Malaria Case Management Health Facility Survey Health Care Worker Questionnaire.
Cosmological particle production and generalized thermodynamic equilibrium
Creators: name: Zimdahl, Winfried
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With the help of a conformal, timelike Killing-vector we define generalized equilibrium states for cosmological fluids with particle production. For massless particles the generalized equilibrium conditions require the production rate to vanish and the well known ``global'' equilibrium of standard relativistic thermodynamics is recovered as a limiting case. The equivalence between the creation rate for particles with nonzero mass and an effective viscous fluid pressure follows as a consequence of the generalized equilibrium properties. The implications of this equivalence for the cosmological dynamics are discussed, including the possibility of a power-law inflationary behaviour. For a simple gas a microscopic derivation for such kind of equilibrium is given on the basis of relativistic kinetic theory.
description: 14 pages, Revtex, to appear in PRD
Topics in Computational Bayesian Statistics With Applications to Hierarchical Models in Astronomy and Sociology
Creators: Sahai, Swupnil
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Astronomy
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Bayesian statistical decision theory
subject: Multilevel models (Statistics)

description: This thesis includes three parts. The overarching theme is how to analyze structured hierarchical data, with applications to astronomy and sociology. The first part discusses how expectation propagation can be used to parallelize the computation when fitting big hierarchical bayesian models. This methodology is then used to fit a novel, nonlinear mixture model to ultraviolet radiation from various regions of the observable universe. The second part discusses how the Stan probabilistic programming language can be used to numerically integrate terms in a hierarchical bayesian model. This technique is demonstrated on supernovae data to significantly speed up convergence to the posterior distribution compared to a previous study that used a Gibbs-type sampler. The third part builds a formal latent kernel representation for aggregate relational data as a way to more robustly estimate the mixing characteristics of agents in a network. In particular, the framework is applied to sociology surveys to estimate, as a function of ego age, the age and sex composition of the personal networks of individuals in the United States.
Enhancing variational quantum state diagonalization using reinforcement learning techniques
Creators: name: Kundu, Akash
name: Bedełek, Przemysław
name: Ostaszewski, Mateusz
name: Danaci, Onur
name: Patel, Yash J.
name: Dunjko, Vedran
name: Miszczak, Jarosław A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The variational quantum algorithms are crucial for the application of NISQ computers. Such algorithms require short quantum circuits, which are more amenable to implementation on near-term hardware, and many such methods have been developed. One of particular interest is the so-called variational quantum state diagonalization method, which constitutes an important algorithmic subroutine and can be used directly to work with data encoded in quantum states. In particular, it can be applied to discern the features of quantum states, such as entanglement properties of a system, or in quantum machine learning algorithms. In this work, we tackle the problem of designing a very shallow quantum circuit, required in the quantum state diagonalization task, by utilizing reinforcement learning (RL). We use a novel encoding method for the RL-state, a dense reward function, and an $ε$-greedy policy to achieve this. We demonstrate that the circuits proposed by the reinforcement learning methods are shallower than the standard variational quantum state diagonalization algorithm and thus can be used in situations where hardware capabilities limit the depth of quantum circuits. The methods we propose in the paper can be readily adapted to address a wide range of variational quantum algorithms.
description: 24 pages with 13 figures, accepted in the New Journal of Physics, code available at https://github.com/iitis/RL_for_VQSD_ansatz_optimization
Tools to Assist Restrained Eaters: A Query Theory and Regulatory Focus Theory Approach
Creators: Majd, Christine Sudabeh
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Social psychology
Dieters--Psychology
Regulatory focus (Psychology)
Food habits--Psychological aspects

description: For chronic dieters, modern food environments make it very difficult to always behave inline with health goals. Approximately 45 million Americans report never fully being off a diet because they fail to reach their weight loss goals. These individuals are colloquially known as chronic dieters but in the food behavior and literature, these people are known as Restrained Eaters. Restrained Eaters are known for the vacillation between food restraint and disinhibition. Past research has demonstrated that one way to keep Restrained Eaters from reach disinhibition is to prevent or weaken their involuntary physical and cognitive responses to external food cues. In a series of three lab studies, this dissertation tests two novel approaches to influencing the behavior of Restrained Eaters when faced with a hedonic food item. The focus of Study 1 is on using Query Theory to test whether there is an effect of endowment on decision and whether thoughts predict decision. We found a significant effect of endowment on the decision of Restrained and Unrestrained Eaters. Study 2 also uses Query Theory but reverse the natural order in which participants generated thoughts and whether that had an effect on decision. In Study 2, we found changing the natural order of thoughts can reverse the effect of endowment. Studies 3 and 4 reanalyze the data from Studies 1 and 2 using Regulatory Focus Theory. In this reanalysis, we found thoughts coded using regulatory focus also predicted behavior. We use the results from this reanalysis to justify Study 5, which is a test of regulatory focus inductions on decision. We found no significant effect of regulatory focus inductions on the decision of Restrained or Unrestrained Eaters. This research aims to develop interventions that will help Restrained Eaters make decisions that are not overshadowed by external cues or instant gratification, giving them a better chance to reach a sought out goal.
Nonlinear ringdown at the black hole horizon
Creators: name: Khera, Neev
name: Metidieri, Ariadna Ribes
name: Bonga, Béatrice
name: Forteza, Xisco Jiménez
name: Krishnan, Badri
name: Poisson, Eric
name: Pook-Kolb, Daniel
name: Schnetter, Erik
name: Yang, Huan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The gravitational waves emitted by a perturbed black hole ringing down are well described by damped sinusoids, whose frequencies are those of quasinormal modes. Typically, first-order black hole perturbation theory is used to calculate these frequencies. Recently, it was shown that second-order effects are necessary in binary black hole merger simulations to model the gravitational-wave signal observed by a distant observer. Here, we show that the horizon of a newly formed black hole after the head-on collision of two black holes also shows evidence of non-linear modes. Specifically, we identify one quadratic mode for the $l=2$ shear data, and two quadratic ones for the $l=4,6$ data in simulations with varying mass ratio and boost parameter. The quadratic mode amplitudes display a quadratic relationship with the amplitudes of the linear modes that generate them.
description: Version appeared in PRL. 14 pages, 15 figures
Topics in Cosmology and Quantum Mechanics: Entanglement Harvesting and Cosmic Bubble Collisions
Creators: Brainerd, Andrew Eric
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Physics
Cosmology
Quantum theory
Quantum entanglement

description: This dissertation explores two topics located in the intersection of quantum mechanics and cosmology.  Entanglement harvesting is a phenomenon in which quantum entanglement can develop between the states of two Unruh-DeWitt detectors travelling through spacetime by way of mutual interaction with a scalar quantum field.  I numerically explore entanglement harvesting of Unruh-DeWitt detectors in Minkowski space travelling with constant acceleration, generalizing previous analytical results which held only in a limiting case.  Cosmic bubble collisions arise in inflationary cosmology as a mechanism to begin reheating at the end of inflation.  I extend the previously proposed theory of boom and bust inflation which relies on the existence of a large extra dimension by exploring particular inflationary models in which reheating need not begin the first time that two bubble walls collide.  This allows for a smaller lower bound on the size of the compact extra dimension in the boom and bust proposal.
Classical dynamics of quantum fluctuations
Creators: name: Brustein, Ram
name: Oaknin, David H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that the vacuum state of weakly interacting quantum field theories can be described, in the Heisenberg picture, as a linear combination of randomly distributed incoherent paths that obey classical equations of motion with constrained initial conditions. We call such paths "pseudoclassical" paths and use them to define the dynamics of quantum fluctuations. Every physical observable is assigned a time-dependent value on each path in a way that respects the uncertainty principle, but in consequence, some of the standard algebraic relations between quantum observables are not necessarily fulfilled by their time-dependent values on paths. We define "collective observables" which depend on a large number of independent degrees of freedom, and show that the dynamics of their quantum fluctuations can be described in terms of unconstrained classical stochastic processes without reference to any additional external system or to an environment. Our analysis can be generalized to states other than the vacuum. Finally, we compare our formalism to the formalism of coherent states, and highlight their differences.
description: 23 pages, no figures. Two sections added
Additional file 2 of Effectiveness of participatory trainings in improving nutrition knowledge and dietary diversity in rural Bangladesh
Creators: name: Davidson, Kelly A.
name: Kropp, Jaclyn D.
name: Rahman, Md. Wakilur
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2.
Topics in Genomic Signal Processing
Creators: Jajamovich, Guido Hugo
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Electrical engineering
subject: Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Genomic information is digital in its nature and admits mathematical  modeling in order to gain biological knowledge. This dissertation focuses on the development and application of detection and estimation theories for solving problems in genomics by describing biological problems in mathematical terms and proposing a solution in this domain. More specifically, a novel framework for hypothesis testing is presented, where it is desired to decide among multiple hypotheses and where each hypothesis involves unknown parameters. Within this framework, a test is developed to perform both detection and estimation jointly in an optimal sense. The proposed test is then applied to the problem of detecting and estimating periodicities in DNA sequences. Moreover, the problem of motif discovery in DNA sequences is presented, where a set of sequences is observed and it is needed to determine which sequences contain instances (if any) of an unknown motif and estimate their positions. A statistical description of the problem is used and a sequential Monte Carlo method is applied for the inference. Finally, the phasing of haplotypes for diploid organisms is introduced, where a novel mathematical model is proposed. The haplotypes that are used to reconstruct the observed genotypes of a group of unrelated individuals are detected and the haplotype pair for each individual in the group is estimated. The model translates a biological principle, the maximum parsimony principle, to a sparseness condition.
Topics in Signal Processing: applications in genomics and genetics
Creators: Elmas, Abdulkadir
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Signal processing
subject: Signal processing--Statistical methods
subject: Genetics--Data processing
subject: Genomics--Data processing
subject: Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Transcription factors
subject: Electrical engineering

description: The information in genomic or genetic data is influenced by various complex processes and appropriate mathematical modeling is required for studying the underlying processes and the data. This dissertation focuses on the formulation of mathematical models for certain problems in genomics and genetics studies and the development of algorithms for proposing efficient solutions. A Bayesian approach for the transcription factor (TF) motif discovery is examined and the extensions are proposed to deal with many interdependent parameters of the TF-DNA binding. The problem is described by statistical terms and a sequential Monte Carlo sampling method is employed for the estimation of unknown parameters. In particular, a class-based resampling approach is applied for the accurate estimation of a set of intrinsic properties of the DNA binding sites. Through statistical analysis of the gene expressions, a motif-based computational approach is developed for the inference of novel regulatory networks in a given bacterial genome. To deal with high false-discovery rates in the genome-wide TF binding predictions, the discriminative learning approaches are examined in the context of sequence classification, and a novel mathematical model is introduced to the family of kernel-based Support Vector Machines classifiers. Furthermore, the problem of haplotype phasing is examined based on the genetic data obtained from cost-effective genotyping technologies. Based on the identification and augmentation of a small and relatively more informative genotype set, a sparse dictionary selection algorithm is developed to infer the haplotype pairs for the sampled population. In a relevant context, to detect redundant information in the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) sites, the problem of representative (tag) SNP selection is introduced. An information theoretic heuristic is designed for the accurate selection of tag SNPs that capture the genetic diversity in a large sample set from multiple populations. The method is based on a multi-locus mutual information measure, reflecting a biological principle in the population genetics that is linkage disequilibrium.
Diffeomorphism groups of Morse-Bott foliation on the solid Klein bottle by Klein bottles parallel to the boundary
Creators: name: Maksymenko, Sergiy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57R30, 57T20

description: Let $\mathcal{G}$ be a Morse-Bott foliation on the solid Klein bottle $\mathbf{K}$ into $2$-dimensional Klein bottles parallel to the boundary and one singular circle $S^1$. Let also $S^1\widetilde{\times}S^2$ be the twisted bundle over $S^1$ which is a union of two solid Klein bottles $\mathbf{K}_0$ and $\mathbf{K}_1$ with common boundary $K$. Then the above foliations $\mathcal{G}$ on both $\mathbf{K}_0$ and $\mathbf{K}_1$ gives a foliation $\mathcal{G}'$ on $S^1\widetilde{\times}S^2$ into parallel Klein bottles and two singluar circles. The paper computes the homotopy types of groups of foliated (sending leaves to leaves) and leaf preserving diffeomorphisms for foliations $\mathcal{G}$ and $\mathcal{G}'$.
description: 10 pages, 1 figure
Additional file 1 of Expressing a cytosolic pyruvate dehydrogenase complex to increase free fatty acid production in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Creators: name: Zhang, Yiming
name: Su, Mo
name: Qin, Ning
name: Nielsen, Jens
name: Liu, Zihe
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Ethanol production in engineered strains. Figure S1. FFA production with phosphoketolase pathway expressed in YJZ08 and PDH1. Figure S2. Mutations in E3 resulted in decreased FFA production.
Additional file 2 of Tree reconciliation combined with subsampling improves large scale inference of orthologous group hierarchies
Creators: name: Heller, Davide
name: Szklarczyk, Damian
name: Mering, Christian Von
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Domain benchmark results for sub-types of InterPro annotation and overall OG sizes. (A’-A”) Cumulative results for separated domain sub-types, InterPro Domain type (n=1977) and InterPro Family type (n=2143). For every OG definition (columns), for each domain, the best matching OG (F1 score) across all tested taxonomic levels is chosen. One-sided paired Wilcoxon signed rank test, alternative hypothesis F1(v4.0) - F1(LS) < 0, p-value < 0.0001; F1(v4.5) - F1(LS) < 0 for InterPro Family type 0.02 (A”) and non-significant for InterPro Domain type (A’). (B’-B”) Selective comparison on domains that differ more than 0.1 in F1 score between the compared methods (LS, v4.0, v4.5). Every point in the scatterplot represents the F1 score and size of the best matching OG. Subdivided by InterPro domain type: Domains (n=337) and Family (n=505). (C) Overall distribution of OG size (no. of proteins) per version and taxonomic level. (PDF 3865 kb)
Analysis and concept design for grey water heat recovery to preheat domestic water supply for multi-unit residential high rise building : a way to reduce energy consumption
Creators: name: Rushya, Senthil Kumaran Vellore
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: An analysis of grey water in multi-unit residential buildings was performed followed by a concept design for deployment of the GWHR system with SITKA building as the case study. In MURBs, most of the energy is used for space heating and water heating. Energy conservation measures such as deploying GWHR system in the path of waste water drainages will help in reducing energy consumption in MURBs. A literature review was conducted to review different GWHR systems and also to review different water heating techniques in MURBs. The review indicated that most of the MURBs use boilers for their hot water needs and natural gas for heating up the water in boilers. Most of GWHR systems (from different manufacturers) are more or less similar in operation, effectiveness, size and cost. A concept design is proposed for deploying the GWHR systems for high rise MURB (SITKA) for effective capture of heat from waste grey water. Calculations for energy, dollar and GHG savings were made along with payback period for two different mass flow rates. It was observed that the calculations mostly depended on the mass flow rates of drained waste grey water. It was also noticed that when mass flow rates increase, energy, dollar and GHG savings also increase and the payback period decreases. The energy savings ranges from 27.91 GJ/year to 83.72 GJ/year; the dollar savings ranges from $150.69/year to $452.07/year; and the GHG savings ranges from 1.56 tonne of CO2/year to 4.69 tonne of CO2/year. The above values do not include deployment of GWHR systems for the shower drainages. It was concluded that GWHR systems need to be deployed for shower drainages for high energy savings and they could be deployed for other drainages if subsidies were given by the government for GWHR systems. For a worthwhile investment, one GWHR system can be installed for the whole SITKA building as the investment of one system can be covered by the energy savings obtained by deployment of one GWHR system. Disclaimer: “UBC SEEDS provides students with the opportunity to share the findings of their studies, as well as their opinions, conclusions and recommendations with the UBC community. The reader should bear in mind that this is a student project/report and is not an official document of UBC. Furthermore readers should bear in mind that these reports may not reflect the current status of activities at UBC. We urge you to contact the research persons mentioned in a report or the SEEDS Coordinator about the current status of the subject matter of a project/report.”
Quantitative quantum mechanical approach to SABRE hyperpolarization at high magnetic fields
Creators: name: Knecht, Stephan
name: Ivanov, Konstantin L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A theoretical approach is proposed for quantitative modeling of SABRE (Signal Amplification By Reversible Exchange) experiments performed at a high magnetic field of an NMR spectrometer. SABRE is a method, which exploits the spin order of parahydrogen (the H$_2$ molecule in its nuclear singlet state) for hyper-polarizing the spins of various substrates to enhance their NMR signals. An important feature of SABRE is that the substrate is not modified chemically: instead spin order transfer takes place in a transient complex with parahydrogen. In high-field SABRE experiments, such a transfer is achieved by using suitable NMR excitation schemes. The approach presented here can explicitly treat the spin dynamics in the SABRE complex as well as the kinetics of substrate exchange (between the free and bound form) and complex interplay of spin evolution and chemical processes. One more important effect included in the model is the alteration of the spin state of parahydrogen giving rise to the formation of anti-phase spin order from the initial singlet order. Such a treatment enables a detailed analysis of known high-field SABRE schemes, quantitative comparison with experiments and elucidation of the key factors that limit the resulting NMR signal enhancement.
description: 19 pages, 1 scheme, 8 figures, 2 tables
Additional file 3 of Tree reconciliation combined with subsampling improves large scale inference of orthologous group hierarchies
Creators: name: Heller, Davide
name: Szklarczyk, Damian
name: Mering, Christian Von
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Convergence study for sampling parameters. (A) Duplication-Speciation ratio (D/S) convergence for selected sample sizes (M = 5,10,25,45,65,85,105) over 200 samplings (N). A’-A”’ show examples of solution convergences with low variation across M; A”” shows an example with large variation. (B) Quantification of D/S variation across all tested OGs (n=208) at N=200 for different M combinations. The first including all M values and the other three large values (65,85,105) combined with one smaller value (5,10,25,45). (C) Confidence quantification for D/S of M=25 across increasing N values for example A’ using an exact estimation for binomial processes [33]. (D) Quantification of the 95 percent confidence interval width over all tested OGs (n=208) for M=25 across increasing N values. (PDF 516 kb)
Additional file 4 of Tree reconciliation combined with subsampling improves large scale inference of orthologous group hierarchies
Creators: name: Heller, Davide
name: Szklarczyk, Damian
name: Mering, Christian Von
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology

description: Quest for Orthologs Benchmark. (A) Generalized Species Tree Discordance Benchmark (Altenhoff2016), STD-LUCA [last common universal ancestor]/ Euk[Eukaryotes]/ Ver[Vertebrata]/ Fun[Fungi]; (B) Species Tree Discordance Benchmark (Altenhoff2009); columns distinguish realm (TT-Euk [Eukaryotes]/Fun[Fungi]); (C) Agreement with Reference Gene Phylogenies: SwissTree (Boeckmann 2011); (D) Agreement with Reference Gene Phylogenies: TreeFamA (Li 2006); (E) boxplot for true positive rate in (F); (F) boxplot for positive predictive value rate in (C); (G) Gene Ontology conservation test; (H) Enzyme Classification (EC) conservation test. (PDF 726 kb)