cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
An Interview with William Reilly: Part 2
Creators: name: Batie, Sandra S.
name: Batie, Sandra S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1993
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession

description: In the second quarter issue of CHOICES, William Reilly focused on environmental and health risk, and how these risks can be assessed and reduced. In this concluding part of the Batie/Reilly interview the former Administrator of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency discusses his views on a wide range of topics - nonpoint water pollution, air pollution, wetlands, and NAFT A. In his discussion, Reilly comments on a variety of ways to reduce environmental problems including market trading schemes, regulation, cooperative activities with SCS, biotechnology, and environmental education. He offers helpful insights, and CHOICES is pleased to publish this interview.
Theoretical Study of Electron-Phonon Interaction in ZrB2 and TaB2
Creators: name: Singh, Prabhakar P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using full-potential, density-functional-based methods we have studied electron-phonon interaction in ZrB2 and TaB2 in P6/mmm crystal structure. Our results for phonon density of states and Eliashberg function show that the electron-phonon coupling in ZrB2 is much weaker than in TaB2. In particular, we find that the average electron-phonon coupling constant λis equal to 0.14 for ZrB2 and 0.72 for TaB2. The solutions of the isotropic Eliashberg gap equation indicate no superconductivity for ZrB2 but a superconducting transition temperature Tc of around 12 K for TaB2 with μ* ~0.16.
description: Increased q points from 12 to 28, added 3 figs and a section on convergence analysis
Geometric nature of the environment-induced Berry phase and geometric dephasing
Creators: name: Whitney, Robert S.
name: Makhlin, Yuriy
name: Shnirman, Alexander
name: Gefen, Yuval
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the geometric phase or Berry phase (BP) acquired by a spin-half which is both subject to a slowly varying magnetic field and weakly-coupled to a dissipative environment (either quantum or classical). We study how this phase is modified by the environment and find that the modification is of a geometric nature. While the original BP (for an isolated system) is the flux of a monopole-field through the loop traversed by the magnetic field, the environment-induced modification of the BP is the flux of a quadrupole-like field. We find that the environment-induced phase is complex, and its imaginary part is a geometric contribution to dephasing. Its sign depends on the direction of the loop. Unlike the BP, this geometric dephasing is gauge invariant for open paths of the magnetic field.
description: new version : more discussion and less technicalities (4pages 2fig)
Conformal Group Theory of Tensor Structures
Creators: name: Buric, Ilija
name: Isachenkov, Mikhail
name: Schomerus, Volker
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The decomposition of correlation functions into conformal blocks is an indispensable tool in conformal field theory. For spinning correlators, non-trivial tensor structures are needed to mediate between the conformal blocks, which are functions of cross ratios only, and the correlation functions that depend on insertion points in the $d$-dimensional Euclidean space. Here we develop an entirely group theoretic approach to tensor structures, based on the Cartan decomposition of the conformal group. It provides us with a new universal formula for tensor structures and thereby a systematic derivation of crossing equations. Our approach applies to a `gauge' in which the conformal blocks are wave functions of Calogero-Sutherland models rather than solutions of the more standard Casimir equations. Through this ab initio construction of tensor structures we complete the Calogero-Sutherland approach to conformal correlators, at least for four-point functions of local operators in non-supersymmetric models. An extension to defects and superconformal symmetry is possible.
Finiteness of quantum gravity coupled with matter in three spacetime dimensions
Creators: name: Anselmi, Damiano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As it stands, quantum gravity coupled with matter in three spacetime dimensions is not finite. In this paper I show that an algorithmic procedure that makes it finite exists, under certain conditions. To achieve this result, gravity is coupled with an interacting conformal field theory C. The Newton constant and the marginal parameters of C are taken as independent couplings. The values of the other irrelevant couplings are determined iteratively in the loop- and energy-expansions, imposing that their beta functions vanish. The finiteness equations are solvable thanks to the following properties: the beta functions of the irrelevant couplings have a simple structure; the irrelevant terms made with the Riemann tensor can be reabsorbed by means of field redefinitions; the other irrelevant terms have, generically, non-vanishing anomalous dimensions. The perturbative expansion is governed by an effective Planck mass that takes care of the interactions in the matter sector. As an example, I study gravity coupled with Chern-Simons U(1) gauge theory with massless fermions, solve the finiteness equations and determine the four-fermion couplings to two-loop order. The construction of this paper does not immediately apply to four-dimensional quantum gravity.
description: 21 pages, 3 figures; typos corrected, NPB version
Rural Development Policy in the United States: Beyond the Cargo Cult Mentality
Creators: name: Honadle, Beth Walter
name: Honadle, Beth Walter
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development

description: A host of economic, institutional, and political forces have thwarted the development of an appropriate comprehensive federal rural development policy in the U. S. This article examines those influences from an historical perspective. Some of the changes noted are the emergence of rural development leadership in agencies other than the U. S. Department of Agriculture, the birth of a new Congressional Rural Caucus, the formation of a National Rural Network of rural advocacy groups, and the coming realization that the destinies of central cities and rural areas are intertwined. An encouraging sign is the move toward a different type of rural policy governance in Washington, one in which a sensitivity to rural contexts and issues is being articulated in Transportation, Health and Human Services, and other program units that are not expressly rural-oriented. At the same time there continues to be too much emphasis placed on agriculture’s role in the rural economy, which leads to policies that cannot help most rural communities.
Scotonycteris zenkeri Matschie 1894
Creators: name: Turni, Hendrik
name: Kock, Dieter
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Chiroptera
Pteropodidae
Scotonycteris
Scotonycteris zenkeri

description: Scotonycteris zenkeri Matschie, 1894
Matschie, P. (1894) Neue Säugetiere aus den Sammlungen der Herren Zenker, Neumann, Stuhlmann und Emin. Sitzungsberichte der Gesellschaft naturforschender Freunde Berlin, 1894: 202 [194–206].
 Valid name: Scotonycteris zenkeri Matschie, 1894
Holotype: ZMB 66533, body in alcohol, skull extracted, female, adult; Yaounde, Cameroon; collected by G.A. Zenker.
description: Published as part of Turni, Hendrik & Kock, Dieter, 2008, Type specimens of bats (Chiroptera: Mammalia) in the collections of the Museum f r Naturkunde, Berlin, pp. 1-82 in Zootaxa 1869 (1) on page 21, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1869.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5133648
Rural Community Development - New Challenges and Enduring Dilemmas
Creators: name: Cavaye, Jim
name: Cavaye, Jim
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development

description: Rural community vitality depends on communities maintaining adequate infrastructure, having access to services, enhancing business and economic opportunities and establishing policy settings to foster outcomes. Vitality also relies on communities “rethinking” assets, developing networks, building local cooperation and acting on local passion and motivation. In addressing both these aspects, current approaches to rural and regional development represent a partial approach. Efforts largely focus on service provision, discrete initiatives, information dissemination and provision of resources to meet perceived needs. While these are crucial elements of rural development, a more comprehensive approach is needed. A more comprehensive agenda involves engagement that helps people act on existing motivation, includes greater recognition of frustration and anger in regional areas, and helps people gain better access to information and services. A broader approach would also reexamine agency assumptions, better foster community confidence, provide more coordinated frameworks for discrete initiatives, and establish community relationships beyond those of service delivery. In implementing this expanded approach community developers face five challenges – a greater recognition of community values, new forms of participation, coping with perceptions, fostering community confidence and changes to the role of government. Addressing these challenges raises fundamental dilemmas such as focused action vs. community unity, participative democracy vs. representative democracy, and volunteerism vs. professionalism.
Magnetization Plateaux in Bethe Ansatz Solvable Spin-S Ladders
Creators: name: Maslen, M.
name: Batchelor, M. T.
name: de Gier, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the properties of the Bethe Ansatz solvable two- and three-leg spin-$S$ ladders. These models include Heisenberg rung interactions of arbitrary strength and thus capture the physics of the spin-$S$ Heisenberg ladders for strong rung coupling. The discrete values derived for the magnetization plateaux are seen to fit with the general prediction based on the Lieb-Schultz- Mattis theorem. We examine the magnetic phase diagram of the spin-1 ladder in detail and find an extended magnetization plateau at the fractional value $ = {1/2}$ in agreement with the experimental observation for the spin-1 ladder compound BIP-TENO.
description: 11 pages, 1 figure
MOESM4 of Genomic dissection of maternal, additive and non-additive genetic effects for growth and carcass traits in Nile tilapia
Creators: name: Joshi, Rajesh
name: Meuwissen, Theo
name: Woolliams, John
name: GjÃ¸En, Hans
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 4. Assumptions on the nature of non-additive genetic variance and the impact on estimates of additive genetic variance. The file presents the numerical proof that the estimate of additive genetic variance is reduced when the non-additive variation is assumed to be additive-by-additive epistasis rather than dominance, and this reduction is of the order of 3/8 epistatic variance.
Deep Transfer Convolutional Neural Network and Extreme Learning Machine for Lung Nodule Diagnosis on CT images
Creators: name: Huang, Xufeng
name: Lei, Qiang
name: Xie, Tingli
name: Zhang, Yahui
name: Hu, Zhen
name: Zhou, Qi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Some content of the article needs to be kept secret
description: Some content of the article needs to be kept secret
A supersymmetric D-brane Model of Space-Time Foam
Creators: name: Ellis, John
name: Mavromatos, Nikolaos E.
name: Westmuckett, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a supersymmetric model of space-time foam with two stacks of eight D8-branes with equal string tensions, separated by a single bulk dimension containing D0-brane particles that represent quantum fluctuations in the space-time foam. The ground state configuration with static D-branes has zero vacuum energy. However, gravitons and other closed-string states propagating through the bulk may interact with the D0-particles, causing them to recoil and the vacuum energy to become non zero. This provides a possible origin of dark energy. Recoil also distorts the background metric felt by energetic massless string states, which travel at less than the usual (low-energy) velocity of light. On the other hand, the propagation of chiral matter anchored on the D8 branes is not affected by such space-time foam effects.
description: 33 pages, latex, five figures
Supplementary Method Data
Creators: name: Chitlaru, Theodor
name: Cohen-Gihon, Inbar
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 320702
subject: Medical infection agents (incl. prions)

description: In the publication "Genome Sequence of Two Novel Virulent Clinical Strains of Burkholderia pseudomallei Isolated from Acute Melioidosis Cases Imported to Israel from India and Thailand" to which the online resource pertains, we report the genomes of two novel clinical isolates (MWH2021 and MST2022) of Burkholderia pseudomallei identified in two distinct acute cases of melioidosis diagnosed in two individuals arriving to Israel from India and Thailand, respectively. The publication includes preliminary genetic analysis of the genomes determining their phylogenetic classification in rapport to the genomes of other Burkholderia pseudomallei strains documented in the NCBI database. Inspection of the genetic data established the presence or absence of loci encoding for several important virulence determinants involved in the molecular pathogenesis of melioidosis. Virulence analysis in murine models of acute or latent melioidosis established that both strains belong to the highly virulent class of Burkholderia pseudomalleii.
Description of η-distributions at RHIC energies in terms of a stochastic model
Creators: name: Biyajima, Minoru
name: Ide, Masaru
name: Kaneyama, Masahiro
name: Mizoguchi, Takuya
name: Suzuki, Naomichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To explain η-distributions at RHIC energies we consider the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process. To account for hadrons produced in the central region, we assume existence of third source located there (y \approx 0) in addition to two sources located at the beam and target rapidities (\pm y_{max} = \pm \ln[\sqrt{s_{NN}}/m_{N}]). This results in better χ^2/n.d.f. than those for only two sources when analysing data.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, PTPTEX
Diclidurus albus Wied-Neuwied 1820
Creators: name: Turni, Hendrik
name: Kock, Dieter
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Chiroptera
Emballonuridae
Diclidurus
Diclidurus albus

description: Diclidurus albus Wied-Neuwied, 1820
Wied-Neuwied, Prinz A.P.M. (1820) Isis, 1820 [for 1819]: [no title] 1630.
 Valid name: Diclidurus albus Wied-Neuwied, 1820
Holotype: ZMB 4478, skin and skull (probably lost), adult; Canavieiras, Rio Pardo, Bahia, Brazil; collected by Freyreiss.
 Comment: For the authorship of this name see Carter & Dolan (1978: 23). ZMB 4478 is the holotype for D. Freyreisii Wied-Neuwied, 1821, as well.
description: Published as part of Turni, Hendrik & Kock, Dieter, 2008, Type specimens of bats (Chiroptera: Mammalia) in the collections of the Museum f r Naturkunde, Berlin, pp. 1-82 in Zootaxa 1869 (1) on page 23, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1869.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5133648
Long Cycles and Spanning Subgraphs of Locally Maximal 1-planar Graphs
Creators: name: Fabrici, Igor
name: Harant, Jochen
name: Madaras, Tomáš
name: Mohr, Samuel
name: Soták, Roman
name: Zamfirescu, Carol T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: G.2.2

description: A graph is $1$-planar if it has a drawing in the plane such that each edge is crossed at most once by another edge. Moreover, if this drawing has the additional property that for each crossing of two edges the end vertices of these edges induce a complete subgraph, then the graph is locally maximal $1$-planar. For a $3$-connected locally maximal $1$-planar graph $G$, we show the existence of a spanning $3$-connected planar subgraph and prove that $G$ is hamiltonian if $G$ has at most three $3$-vertex-cuts, and that $G$ is traceable if $G$ has at most four $3$-vertex-cuts. Moreover, infinitely many non-traceable $5$-connected $1$-planar graphs are presented.
UV & U-band luminosity functions from CLAUDS and HSC-SSP -- I. Using four million galaxies to simultaneously constrain the very faint and bright regimes to $z \sim 3$
Creators: name: Moutard, Thibaud
name: Sawicki, Marcin
name: Arnouts, Stéphane
name: Golob, Anneya
name: Coupon, Jean
name: Ilbert, Olivier
name: Yang, Xiaohu
name: Gwyn, Stephen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We constrain the rest-frame FUV (1546Å), NUV (2345Å) and U-band (3690Å) luminosity functions (LFs) and luminosity densities (LDs) with unprecedented precision from $z\sim0.2$ to $z\sim3$ (FUV, NUV) and $z\sim2$ (U-band). Our sample of over 4.3 million galaxies, selected from the CFHT Large Area $U$-band Deep Survey (CLAUDS) and HyperSuprime-Cam Subaru Strategic Program (HSC-SSP) data lets us probe the very faint regime (down to $M_\mathrm{FUV},M_\mathrm{NUV},M_\mathrm{U} \simeq -15$ at low redshift) while simultaneously detecting very rare galaxies at the bright end down to comoving densities $<10^{-5}$ Mpc$^{-3}$. Our FUV and NUV LFs are well fitted by single Schechter functions, with faint-end slopes that are very stable up to $z\sim2$. We confirm, but self-consistently and with much better precision than previous studies, that the LDs at all three wavelengths increase rapidly with lookback time to $z\sim1$, and then much more slowly at $11$ it is due to the evolution of both $M^\star_{UV}$ and the characteristic number density $ϕ^\star_{UV}$. In contrast, the U-band LF has an excess of faint galaxies and is fitted with a double-Schechter form; $M^\star_\mathrm{U}$, both $ϕ^\star_\mathrm{U}$ components, and the bright-end slope evolve throughout $0.2
description: 18 pages, 11 figures (26 pages, 18 figures including the Appendix). Accepted for publication in MNRAS. Version to be published
The angular size of the Cepheid L Car: a comparison of the interferometric and surface brightness techniques
Creators: name: Kervella, P.
name: Fouque, P.
name: Storm, J.
name: Gieren, W. P.
name: Bersier, D.
name: Mourard, D.
name: Nardetto, N.
name: Foresto, V. Coude du
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent interferometric observations of the brightest and angularly largest classical Cepheid, L Carinae, with ESO's VLT Interferometer (VLTI) have resolved with high precision the variation of its angular diameter with phase. We compare the measured angular diameter curve to the one we derive by an application of the Baade-Wesselink type infrared surface brightness technique, and find a near-perfect agreement between the two curves. The mean angular diameters of L Car from the two techniques agree very well within their total error bars (1.5 %), as do the derived distances (4 %). This result is an indication that the calibration of the surface brightness relations used in the distance determination of far away Cepheids is not affected by large biases.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in ApJL
MOESM3 of Genomic dissection of maternal, additive and non-additive genetic effects for growth and carcass traits in Nile tilapia
Creators: name: Joshi, Rajesh
name: Meuwissen, Theo
name: Woolliams, John
name: GjÃ¸En, Hans
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 3. Equivalence of contrasts used to construct Ha for HWE and NOIA genomic relationship matrices. The file presents the proof that the difference between $${\mathbf{G}}_{\text{HWE}}$$GHWE and $${\mathbf{G}}_{\text{NOIA}}$$GNOIA lies only in their scaling and not in the contrasts used to calculate the elements of $${\mathbf{H}}_{\text{a}}$$Ha.
Pteropus funereus Temminck 1837
Creators: name: Turni, Hendrik
name: Kock, Dieter
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Chiroptera
Pteropodidae
Pteropus
Pteropus funereus

description: Pteropus funereus Temminck, 1837
Temminck, C. J. (1837) Monographies de mammalogie, ou Description de quelques genres de mammifères, dont les espèces ont été observées dans les différens musées de l'Europe. Tome 2: 63 [1–392]. Leiden, 1835–1841.
 Valid name: Pteropus vampyrus (Linnaeus, 1758)
Syntype: ZMB 2629, skin and skull, male, adult; “ Sumatra ” = Sumatera, Indonesia; in exchange from RMNH.
Comment: Andersen (1912: 357), restricted the type locality to Timor Id. out of the syntype localities given by Temminck (Timor, Amboina, Borneo, Sumatra).
description: Published as part of Turni, Hendrik & Kock, Dieter, 2008, Type specimens of bats (Chiroptera: Mammalia) in the collections of the Museum f r Naturkunde, Berlin, pp. 1-82 in Zootaxa 1869 (1) on pages 15-16, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1869.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5133648
MOESM2 of Genomic dissection of maternal, additive and non-additive genetic effects for growth and carcass traits in Nile tilapia
Creators: name: Joshi, Rajesh
name: Meuwissen, Theo
name: Woolliams, John
name: Gjøen, Hans
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 2: Figure S1. Scatterplots, histograms and the correlations of the 6 traits studied. Figure S2. Scatterplots for different additive and dominance relationships. Figure S3. Scatterplots for different additive, dominance and epistasis relationships using NOIA and HWE approaches. Figure S4. Scatterplot and correlation of the additive and dominance relationships using imputed and without imputed genotypes. Figure S5. Density plots, scatterplot and LOESS regression between the selected and non-selected individuals.
The EU-Canada Free Trade Agreement: What is on the Table for Agriculture?
Creators: name: Kerr, William A.
name: Kerr, William A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: agriculture
subject: Canada
subject: international trade
subject: negotiations
subject: European Union

description: In October 2008 French President Nicholas Sarkozy and Canadian Prime Minister Stephen Harper announced that the EU and Canada would seek a free trade agreement and in May 2009 negotiations on a Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement (CETA) commenced. There have been a number of negotiating sessions since then and good progress has been reported. One of the more difficult sectors was expected to be agriculture. This paper outlines the major opportunities for expanded agricultural trade between the EU and Canada as well as those areas where the negotiations are expected to be particularly difficult. Topics include, subsidies, sanitary and phytosanitary barriers to trade, tariffs, tariff line adjustments, regulatory harmonization, protection for geographical indications, barriers to trade in genetically modified products and TRQs in the Canadian dairy sector. A section on opportunities and concerns of particular interest to the agri-food sector of the UK is included. The paper concludes with a discussion of the expected outcome and degree of trade expansion that will follow a successful conclusion to the negotiations.
Food Quality Verifications and Consumer Trust
Creators: name: Hobbs, Jill E.
name: Innes, Brian G.
name: Uzea, Adrian D.
name: Zhang, Jing
name: Hobbs, Jill E.
name: Innes, Brian G.
name: Uzea, Adrian D.
name: Zhang, Jing
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: credence attribute
subject: animal welfare
subject: environmental sustainability
subject: quality verification
subject: discrete choice experiment

description: Food markets are increasingly characterized by an array of quality assurances with respect to credence attributes, reflecting a growing interest in where food comes from and how it is produced. The provision and signalling of these credence quality attributes includes both public and private sector initiatives. How effective are quality signals in addressing the information asymmetry inherent in credence attributes? To what extent do consumers trust quality assurances from different sources, and does this trust differs across food products or across credence attributes? The paper presents a simple economic welfare analysis of the market for a credence attribute under different assumptions with respect to the strength of consumer preferences, the existence of voluntary versus mandatory standards, and the credibility of third party certification. This is followed by an empirical analysis drawing from two consumer surveys in Canada using discrete choice experiments. Food quality claims related to farm animal welfare in a meat product and to environmental sustainability in a bread product are examined. Latent Class models reveal significant heterogeneity in consumer preferences, both in terms of the value consumers place on farm animal welfare and environmentally sustainable quality assurances, and the extent to which it matters who is verifying these assurances.
Current fluctuations in non-interacting run-and-tumble particles in one-dimension
Creators: name: Banerjee, Tirthankar
name: Majumdar, Satya N.
name: Rosso, Alberto
name: Schehr, Gregory
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a general framework to study the distribution of the flux through the origin up to time $t$, in a non-interacting one-dimensional system of particles with a step initial condition with a fixed density $ρ$ of particles to the left of the origin. We focus principally on two cases: (i) when the particles undergo diffusive dynamics (passive case) and (ii) run-and-tumble dynamics for each particle (active case). In analogy with disordered systems, we consider the flux distribution both for the annealed and the quenched initial conditions, for the passive and active particles. In the annealed case, we show that, for arbitrary particle dynamics, the flux distribution is a Poissonian with a mean $μ(t)$ that we compute exactly in terms of the Green's function of the single particle dynamics. For the quenched case, we show that, for the run-and-tumble dynamics, the quenched flux distribution takes an anomalous large deviation form at large times $P_{\rm qu}(Q,t) \sim \exp\left[-ρ\, v_0\, γ\, t^2 ψ_{\rm RTP}\left(\frac{Q}{ρv_0\,t} \right) \right]$, where $γ$ is the rate of tumbling and $v_0$ is the ballistic speed between two successive tumblings. In this paper, we compute the rate function $ψ_{\rm RTP}(q)$ and show that it is nontrivial. Our method also gives access to the probability of the rare event that, at time $t$, there is no particle to the right of the origin. For diffusive and run-and-tumble dynamics, we find that this probability decays with time as a stretched exponential, $\sim \exp(-c\, \sqrt{t})$ where the constant $c$ can be computed exactly. We verify our results for these large deviations by using an importance sampling Monte-Carlo method.
description: 22 pages, 9 figures. To appear in Physical Review E
Experimental Investigation of Condensation and Freezing Phenomenon on Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic Titanium Nanopillared Glass Surfaces
Creators: name: Haque, Mohammad Rejaul
name: Zhu, Chen
name: Qu, Chuang
name: Kinzel, Edward C.
name: Betz, Amy Rachel
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Space Science
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Atmospheric condensation is very important for multiple practical applications such as heat transfer, thermal management, aerospace, and condensate harvesting. Water droplets heterogeneously nucleate on the surfaces when the temperature is below the dew point temperature. The nucleation energy barrier for a condensed droplet varies significantly with the humidity content in the operating environment. The freezing of this condensate is also dependent on the operating conditions and surface properties. This article presents an experimental study of condensation and freezing from humid air with the objective of understanding how the surface morphology and chemistry determines the droplet shape and wetting state. Hexagonal close-packed arrays of titanium (Ti) pillars are patterned using microsphere photolithography (MPL). The Ti nanostructured surface was tested with and without a Teflon© coating to reveal the condensate harvesting, passive freezing, and dropwise condensation applications, respectively. Condensation and freezing tests were conducted in the presence of non-condensable gases (air) with different relative humidity (RH) levels to control the nucleation site density. The experiments showed that droplet growth occurs in the following stages: initial nucleation, direct growth, and coalescence events. By pinning droplets, coalescence is suppressed for the Ti nanopillared surface altering the size distribution of droplets and significantly accelerating the freezing process.
Using Choice Experiments to Measure Consumers’ Preferences for Functional Dairy Products in Germany: Are Willingness-To-Pay Estimates Affected by Starting Point Bias?
Creators: name: Bechtold, Kai-Brit
name: Abdulai, Awudu
name: Bechtold, Kai-Brit
name: Abdulai, Awudu
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Health Economics and Policy
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Functional food attributes
subject: choice experiments
subject: preference heterogeneity
subject: willingness-to-pay
subject: starting point bias

description: This study employs stated preference data from a choice experiment to address two issues related to consumer demand for functional dairy products: (1) Consumers’ preferences for functional dairy product attributes in Germany, and (2) are willingness-to-pay estimates obtained in the choice experiment affected by starting point bias? Based on a random parameter logit model, our results indicate that dairy products enriched with omega-3 fatty acids and bearing a health claim that is aimed at healthy blood vessels and healthy metabolism are highly valued. Furthermore, results reveal that willingness-to-pay is indeed susceptible to starting point bias. In a two-split sample approach, we find that varying the price levels displayed in the first choice set significantly affects respondents’ willingness-to-pay for functional dairy products.
Epomophorus zenkeri Matschie 1899
Creators: name: Turni, Hendrik
name: Kock, Dieter
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Chiroptera
Pteropodidae
Epomophorus
Epomophorus zenkeri

description: Epomophorus zenkeri Matschie, 1899
Matschie, P. (1899): Die Fledermäuse des Berliner Museums für Naturkunde, 1. Megachiroptera. Berlin, 46 [1–107], G. Reimer Verlag.
 Valid name: Epomophorus wahlbergi (Sundevall, 1846)
Lectotype (designated by Andersen 1912: 524): ZMB 9974, skin and ZMB 9975, skull, female, adult; “Tschintschoscho [Chinchoxo] Station” (= Cabinda, Loango Coast, Angola); collected by J. Falkenstein, 1874.
Paralectotypes: ZMB 3632, body in alcohol, female, Angola, ex Mus. Lisbon. ZMB 4801, body in alcohol, skull extracted, male, Chinchoxo (= Loango Coast, Angola), leg. Falkenstein. ZMB 6129, body in alcohol, skull extracted, male, Gabon, leg. Büttner. ZMB 9969 – 9971, bodies in alcohol, skulls extracted, two females and one male, Malandje (= Malange), Angola, leg. von Mechow. ZMB 9976 and 9977, bodies in alcohol, skulls extracted, two males, Chinchoxo, leg. Falkenstein.
description: Published as part of Turni, Hendrik & Kock, Dieter, 2008, Type specimens of bats (Chiroptera: Mammalia) in the collections of the Museum f r Naturkunde, Berlin, pp. 1-82 in Zootaxa 1869 (1) on page 10, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1869.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5133648
Emballonura discolor Peters 1861
Creators: name: Turni, Hendrik
name: Kock, Dieter
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Chiroptera
Emballonuridae
Emballonura
Emballonura discolor

description: Emballonura discolor Peters, 1861
Peters, W. C. H. (1861) Über die von Hrn. F. Jagor bisher auf Malacca, Borneo, Java und den Philippinen gesammelten Säugethiere aus den Ordnungen der Halbaffen, Pelzflatterer und Flederthiere. Monatsberichte der Königlich Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin, 1861: 711 [706–713].
 Valid name: Emballonura alecto (Eydoux & Gervais, 1836)
Syntypes: ZMB 2538 (four specimens), skulls; Paracali, Luzon, Philippines; collected by F. Jagor, between 1857 and 1861.
Comment: In the original description Peters provided no details on the number of specimens examined. Four specimens are available in the collections which likely constitute the original syntype series. Further syntypes are at BMNH (1907.1.1.568 and 1907.1.1.569).
description: Published as part of Turni, Hendrik & Kock, Dieter, 2008, Type specimens of bats (Chiroptera: Mammalia) in the collections of the Museum f r Naturkunde, Berlin, pp. 1-82 in Zootaxa 1869 (1) on page 24, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1869.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5133648
Bosonic stimulation of cold 1s excitons into a harmonic potential minimum in Cu$_2$O
Creators: name: Naka, N.
name: Nagasawa, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Density distribution of cold exciton clouds generated into a strain-induced potential well by two-photon excitation in Cu$_2$O is studied at 2 K. We find that an anomalous spike, which can be interpreted as accumulation of the excitons into the ground state, emerges at the potential minimum. The accumulation can be due to stimulated scattering of cold excitons, mediated by acoustic phonon emission. Possibility of the formation of the thermodynamic Bose-Einstein condensate of paraexcitons has been discussed.
description: Submitted to Solid State Communications on 17 December, 2002
Additional file 1 of Selective versus routine use of episiotomy for vaginal births in Shanghai hospitals, China: a comparison of policies
Creators: name: Gu, Shengyi
name: Pei, Jindan
name: Zhou, Chenchen
name: Zhao, Xiaobo
name: Wan, Sheng
name: Zhang, Jun
name: Adanlawo, Adewumi
name: Luo, Zhongcheng
name: Wu, Guizhu
name: Hua, Xiaolin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1.
DETERMINATION OF HOMOGENOUS NUCLEATION TEMPERATURES OF LIQUIDS
Creators: name: Simankov, Dmitry
name: Сергей Юрьевич Побережский
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics
subject: Thermodynamics
subject: 20303 Fluid Physics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electronic journal "Modern problems of science and education", Issue No. 6, 2012.
(Электронный журнал «Современные проблемы науки и образования», Выпуск № 6, 2012.)
The article presents experimental data on the temperature of homogeneous nucleation of the series organic dielectric fluids at atmospheric pressure, obtained by pulsed method. The data obtained are important for the development of science and technology, since there are many processes are accompanied by phase transitions of the first order (liquid-vapor). This is especially true in the analysis of emergency situations associated with depressurization of devices. Therefore, process analysis rapid phase transition from a superheated liquid state to a gaseous state requires a study of the conditions for the nucleation of a vapor phase in a superheated liquid and its further growth. In experimentspulsed heating of the tungsten wire was used. Duration of heating to temperature nucleation rate was about 400 μs. The measurement error is estimated at 3K.
MOESM1 of Genomic dissection of maternal, additive and non-additive genetic effects for growth and carcass traits in Nile tilapia
Creators: name: Joshi, Rajesh
name: Meuwissen, Theo
name: Woolliams, John
name: GjÃ¸En, Hans
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Number of animals genotyped in different full-sib families. Table S2. Descriptive statistics for the six traits. Table S3. Mean values of the genomic relationship matrices constructed with NOIA and HWE approaches. Table S4. Transformation of the variances on a similar scale based on the relationship matrices.
DETERMINATION OF HOMOGENOUS NUCLEATION TEMPERATURES OF LIQUIDS
Creators: name: Simankov, Dmitry
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics
subject: Thermodynamics
subject: 20303 Fluid Physics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The article presents experimental data on the temperature of homogeneous nucleation of the series organic dielectric fluids at atmospheric pressure, obtained by pulsed method. The data obtained are important for the development of science and technology, since there are many processes are accompanied by phase transitions of the first order (liquid-vapor). This is especially true in the analysis of emergency situations associated with depressurization of devices. Therefore, process analysis rapid phase transition from a superheated liquid state to a gaseous state requires a study of the conditions for the nucleation of a vapor phase in a superheated liquid and its further growth. In experimentspulsed heating of the tungsten wire was used. Duration of heating to temperature nucleation rate was about 400 μs. The measurement error is estimated at 3K.
Uniqueness of thermodynamic projector and kinetic basis of molecular individualism
Creators: name: Gorban, A. N.
name: Karlin, I. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Three results are presented: First, we solve the problem of persistence of dissipation for reduction of kinetic models. Kinetic equations with thermodynamic Lyapunov functions are studied. Uniqueness of the thermodynamic projector is proven: There exists only one projector which transforms the arbitrary vector field equipped with the given Lyapunov function into a vector field with the same Lyapunov function for a given anzatz manifold which is not tangent to the Lyapunov function levels. Moreover, from the requirement of persistence of the {\it sign} of dissipation follows that the {\it value} of dissipation (the entropy production) persists too. The explicit construction of this {\it thermodynamic projector} is described. Second, we use this projector for developing the short memory approximation and coarse-graining for general nonlinear dynamic systems. We prove that in this approximation the entropy production grows. ({\it The theorem about entropy overproduction.}) In example we apply the thermodynamic projector to derivation the equations of reduced kinetics for the Fokker-Planck equation. The new class of closures is developed: The kinetic multipeak polyhedrons. Distributions of this type are expected to appear in each kinetic model with multidimensional instability as universally, as Gaussian distribution appears for stable systems. The number of possible relatively stable states of nonequilibrium system grows as $2^m$, and the number of macroscopic parameters is in order $mn$, where $n$ is the dimension of configuration space, and $m$ is the number of independent unstable directions in this space. The elaborated class of closures and equations pretends to describe the effects of "molecular individualism". This is the third result.
description: 43 pages, 4 figures, submitted to Physica A, extended version with some new results
Myropteryx pullus Miller 1906
Creators: name: Turni, Hendrik
name: Kock, Dieter
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Chiroptera
Emballonuridae
Myropteryx
Myropteryx pullus

description: Myropteryx pullus Miller, 1906
Miller, G.S. Jr. (1906) A new genus of sac-winged bats. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 19 (1906): 60 [59–60].
 Valid name: Cormura brevirostris (Wagner, 1843)
 Type species of Myropteryx Miller, 1906
Holotype: ZMB 3360, body in alcohol, skull extracted (but lost), female, adult; “Albina Maroni” = Albina, Marowijne river, Surinam [= restricted type locality]; collected by Kappler.
Paratype (same locality and collector as for the holotype): ZMB 3360 a, body in alcohol, skull (fragments) extracted, male.
 Comment: Husson (1962: 46, 48) identified ZMB 3360 as the holotype, while Carter & Dolan (1978: 19) identified the female as the holotype. According to the catalogue entry the male is the holotype: “Männchen Typus von Myropteryx pullus Miller. Proc Biol. Soc. Washington XIX. 1906, 59/60”, although contrary to this, the male (ZMB 3360 a) is labelled as “ paratype ”. A further paratype is at BMNH (1912.11.27.1).
description: Published as part of Turni, Hendrik & Kock, Dieter, 2008, Type specimens of bats (Chiroptera: Mammalia) in the collections of the Museum f r Naturkunde, Berlin, pp. 1-82 in Zootaxa 1869 (1) on page 24, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1869.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5133648
Hunting for Troll Comments in News Community Forums
Creators: name: Mihaylov, Todor
name: Nakov, Preslav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.7
subject: 68T50

description: There are different definitions of what a troll is. Certainly, a troll can be somebody who teases people to make them angry, or somebody who offends people, or somebody who wants to dominate any single discussion, or somebody who tries to manipulate people's opinion (sometimes for money), etc. The last definition is the one that dominates the public discourse in Bulgaria and Eastern Europe, and this is our focus in this paper. In our work, we examine two types of opinion manipulation trolls: paid trolls that have been revealed from leaked reputation management contracts and mentioned trolls that have been called such by several different people. We show that these definitions are sensible: we build two classifiers that can distinguish a post by such a paid troll from one by a non-troll with 81-82% accuracy; the same classifier achieves 81-82% accuracy on so called mentioned troll vs. non-troll posts.
Parametric Bootstrap Tests for Futures Price and Implied Volatility Biases with Application to Rating Livestock Margin Insurance for Dairy Cattle
Creators: name: Bozic, Marin
name: Newton, John
name: Thraen, Cameron S.
name: Gould, Brian W.
name: Bozic, Marin
name: Newton, John
name: Thraen, Cameron S.
name: Gould, Brian W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: parametric bootstrap
subject: risk premium
subject: volatility bias
subject: revenue insurance
subject: LGM-Dairy

description: A common approach in the literature, whether the investigation is about futures price risk premiums or biases in option-based implied volatility coefficients, is to use samples in which consecutive observations can be regarded as uncorrelated. That will be the case for non- overlapping forecast horizons constructed by either focusing on short time-to-maturity contracts or excluding some data. In this article we propose a parametric bootstrap procedure for uncovering futures and options biases in data characterized by overlapping horizons and correlated prediction errors. We apply our method to test hypotheses that futures prices are efficient and unbiased predictors of terminal prices, and that squared implied volatility, multiplied by time left to option expiry, is an unbiased predictor of terminal log-price variance. We apply the test to corn, soybean meal and Class III milk futures and options data for the period 2000-2011. We find evidence for downward bias in soybean meal futures, as well as downward volatility bias in Class III milk options. Importance of these results is illustrated on the example of premium determination for Livestock Gross Margin Insurance for Dairy Cattle (LGM-Dairy).