cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Comment nourrir le monde en 2050 ? Une revue des réponses issues des études existantes basées sur des scénarios globaux
Creators: name: Le Mouel, Chantal
name: Forslund, Agneta
name: Le Mouel, Chantal
name: Forslund, Agneta
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: Food Security and Poverty

description: Contrairement à la prédiction de Malthus, la croissance de la production alimentaire mondiale a été suffisante pour répondre à l’augmentation de la demande alimentaire, engendrée par la croissance démographique et économique, sans augmentation des prix mondiaux agricoles réels sur les 50 dernières années. Cependant, depuis le début des années 2000 face au ralentissement de la croissance de la production agricole et dans un contexte de forte demande alimentaire et énergétique, des inquiétudes se sont manifestées. La volatilité des prix sur les marchés agricoles constatée depuis 2007 suggère que ces marchés se sont tendus et renforce la perception que la période d’offre excédentaire est terminée. Depuis lors, la sécurité alimentaire mondiale est redevenue un enjeu et les travaux s’intéressant à la capacité du système agroalimentaire mondial à nourrir une population grandissante à l’horizon 2050 se multiplient. Nous avons recensé les travaux centrés sur des scénarios globaux et synthétisé leurs réponses à la question : comment nourrir le monde en 2050 ? Ce faisant, nous pointons les convergences et les divergences entre études et identifions les incertitudes et les besoins de recherche. Nous montrons que si les scénarios tendanciels concordent globalement sur les besoins en produits agricoles et alimentaires dans le monde à l’horizon 2050, les divergences de résultats des scénarios alternatifs permettent d’identifier un certain nombre de leviers sur lesquels il est possible d’agir pour nourrir le monde plus ou moins durablement. Les incertitudes et les besoins de recherche les plus manifestes concernent les trajectoires d’évolution des systèmes de culture et d’élevage à l’horizon 2050 ainsi que les performances techniques, économiques et environnementales comparées de systèmes alternatifs.
Fermi polaron revisited: polaron-molecule transition and coexistence
Creators: name: Cui, Xiaoling
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit the polaron-molecule transition in three-dimensional(3D) fermion systems using the well-established variational approach. The molecule is found to be intrinsically unstable against lowest-order particle-hole excitations, and it can only approximate the ground state of impurity system with finite total momentum in the strong coupling regime. The polaron-molecule transition can therefore be reinterpreted as a first-order transition between single impurity systems with different total momenta. Within certain interaction window near their transition, both states appear as local minima in the dispersion curve, indicating they can coexist in a realistic system. We have further confirmed the polaron-molecule coexistence in the presence of a finite impurity concentration and at low temperature, which directly leads to a smooth polaron-molecule transition as observed in recent experiments of 3D ultracold Fermi gases. Our results have provided an unambiguous physical picture for the competition and conversion between polaron and molecule, and also shed light on Fermi polaron properties in low dimensions.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures; published version
Additional file 1 of Arsenic trioxide (As2O3) as a maintenance therapy for adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma
Creators: name: Marçais, Ambroise
name: Cook, Lucy
name: Witkover, Aviva
name: Asnafi, Vahid
name: Avettand-Fenoel, Véronique
name: Delarue, Richard
name: Cheminant, Morgane
name: Sibon, David
name: Frenzel, Laurent
name: Thé, Hugues De
name: Bangham, Charles R. M.
name: Bazarbachi, Ali
name: Hermine, Olivier
name: Suarez, Felipe
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: Plant Biology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Toxicity.
Long-lived circular Rydberg states of laser-cooled Rubidium atoms in a cryostat
Creators: name: Cantat-Moltrecht, Tigrane
name: Cortiñas, Rodrigo
name: Ravon, Brice
name: Méhaignerie, Paul
name: Haroche, Serge
name: Raimond, Jean-Michel
name: Favier, Maxime
name: Brune, Michel
name: Sayrin, Clément
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The exquisite properties of Rydberg levels make them particularly appealing for emerging quantum technologies. The lifetime of low-angular-momentum laser-accessible levels is however limited to a few $100\,μ\mathrm{s}$ by optical transitions and microwave blackbody radiation (BBR) induced transfers at room temperature. A considerable improvement would be obtained with the few $10\,\mathrm{ms}$ lifetime of circular Rydberg levels in a cryogenic environment reducing the BBR temperature. We demonstrate the preparation of long-lived circular Rydberg levels of laser-cooled Rubidium atoms in a cryostat. We observe a $3.7\,\mathrm{ms}$ lifetime for the circular level of principal quantum number $n=52$. By monitoring the transfers between adjacent circular levels, we estimate in situ the microwave BBR temperature to be $(11\pm 2)\,\mathrm{K}$. The measured atomic coherence time ($270\,μ\mathrm{s}$) is limited here only by technical magnetic field fluctuations. This work opens interesting perspectives for quantum simulation and sensing with cold circular Rydberg atoms.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures T. Cantat-Moltrecht and R. Corti\~nas contributed equally to this work
MENTAL HEALTH AMONG ELDERLY INDIANS: CORRELATES AND POLICY PRESCRIPTIONS
Creators: name: Narduzzi, James L.
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 44
subject: Human society
classificationCode: 4408
subject: Political science
subject: FOS: Political science

description: There is considerable evidence to suggest that elderly American Indians (aged 45 and over) face severe mental health problems. Yet, there is little empirical evidence of the factors related to the mental health status of this population. The purpose of this research is thus to assess the impact of several theoretically-derived variables on elderly Indian mental health. Stress theory and the stress concept provide the framework for analysis. Multiple regression was employed to test the impact of income, education, physical health, coping, and social support on mental health. These relationships were examined for the entire sample and five sub-samples: males, females, reservation, and urban Indians. Only coping and physical health proved statistically significant and both were significant for all five samples, although the relative strength of the relationships varied between samples. Policy recommendations are made based on these findings. A clearing-house approach to service delivery is advocated as the best approach to handle the amount of variation found within the target population. The research validates the use of the stress process model on a different and an unique population and demonstrates the model's utility in generating and testing hypotheses. Further, a set of reliable constructs have been created out of a secondary data base. Finally, the research has suggested which factors are and are not important in terms of understanding elderly Indian mental health and has begun to structure the debate on what policy ought to be in this area.
Cluster realization of Weyl groups and $q$-characters of quantum affine algebras
Creators: name: Inoue, Rei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider an infinite quiver $Q(\mathfrak{g})$ and a family of periodic quivers $Q_m(\mathfrak{g})$ for a finite dimensional simple Lie algebra $\mathfrak{g}$ and $m \in \mathbb{Z}_{>1}$. The quiver $Q(\mathfrak{g})$ is essentially same as what introduced by Hernandez and Leclerc for the quantum affine algebra. We construct the Weyl group $W(\mathfrak{g})$ as a subgroup of the cluster modular group for $Q_m(\mathfrak{g})$, in a similar way as what studied by the author, Ishibashi and Oya, and study its applications to the $q$-characters of quantum non-twisted affine algebras $U_q(\hat{\mathfrak{g}})$ introduced by Frenkel and Reshetikhin, and to the lattice $\mathfrak{g}$-Toda field theory. In particular, when $q$ is a root of unity, we prove that the $q$-character is invariant under the Weyl group action. We also show that the $A$-variables for $Q(\mathfrak{g})$ correspond to the $τ$-function for the lattice $\mathfrak{g}$-Toda field equation.
description: 26 pages
MENTAL HEALTH AMONG ELDERLY INDIANS: CORRELATES AND POLICY PRESCRIPTIONS
Creators: name: Narduzzi, James L.
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: There is considerable evidence to suggest that elderly American Indians (aged 45 and over) face severe mental health problems. Yet, there is little empirical evidence of the factors related to the mental health status of this population. The purpose of this research is thus to assess the impact of several theoretically-derived variables on elderly Indian mental health. Stress theory and the stress concept provide the framework for analysis. Multiple regression was employed to test the impact of income, education, physical health, coping, and social support on mental health. These relationships were examined for the entire sample and five sub-samples: males, females, reservation, and urban Indians. Only coping and physical health proved statistically significant and both were significant for all five samples, although the relative strength of the relationships varied between samples. Policy recommendations are made based on these findings. A clearing-house approach to service delivery is advocated as the best approach to handle the amount of variation found within the target population. The research validates the use of the stress process model on a different and an unique population and demonstrates the model's utility in generating and testing hypotheses. Further, a set of reliable constructs have been created out of a secondary data base. Finally, the research has suggested which factors are and are not important in terms of understanding elderly Indian mental health and has begun to structure the debate on what policy ought to be in this area.
Model system for classical fluids out of equilibrium
Creators: name: Ripoll, Marisol
name: Ernst, Matthieu H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A model system for classical fluids out of equilibrium, referred to as DPD solid (Dissipative Particles Dynamics), is studied by analytical and simulation methods. The time evolution of a DPD particle is described by a fluctuating heat equation. This DPD solid with transport based on collisional transfer (high density mechanism) is complementary to the Lorentz gas with only kinetic transport (low density mechanism). Combination of both models covers the qualitative behavior of transport properties of classical fluids over the full density range. The heat diffusivity is calculated using a mean field theory, leading to a linear density dependence of this transport coefficient, which is exact at high densities. Subleading density corrections are obtained as well. At lower densities the model has a conductivity threshold below which heat conduction is absent. The observed threshold is explained in terms of percolation diffusion on a random proximity network. The geometrical structure of this network is the same as in continuum percolation of completely overlapping spheres, but the dynamics on this network differs from continuum percolation diffusion. Furthermore, the kinetic theory for DPD is extended to the generalized hydrodynamic regime, where the wave number dependent decay rates of the Fourier modes of the energy and temperature fields are calculated.
description: 20 pages (Revised version) to appear Phys. Rev. E
Additional file 3 of Variation in disease phenotype is marked in equine trypanosomiasis
Creators: name: Raftery, Alexandra G.
name: Saloum Jallow
name: Coultous, Robert M.
name: Rodgers, Jean
name: Sutton, David G. M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 3: Text S1. Methods for PCR as described previously [31].
COMMUNITY SUPPORTED AGRICULTURE – DETERMINANTEN DER TEILNAH-MEBEREITSCHAFT DEUTSCHER LANDWIRTE
Creators: name: Wellner, Marie
name: Theuvsen, Ludwig
name: Wellner, Marie
name: Theuvsen, Ludwig
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: UTAUT
subject: solidarische Landwirtschaft
subject: soziale Innovation
subject: Nischenmarkt

description: Community Supported Agriculture (CSA) erfährt als innovative Graswurzelbewegung des Agrar- und Ernährungssektors gegenwärtig einen großen gesellschaftlichen Zuspruch: Durch die Entkopplung des landwirtschaftlichen Einkommens von der Erntemenge und -qualität wird eine nachhaltigere Lebensmittelproduktion auf lokaler Ebene angestrebt, im Rahmen derer ethische Aspekte Berücksichtigung finden. Insbesondere für kleinere landwirtschaftliche Betriebe kann CSA als innovatives Bewirtschaftungskonzept einen Ausweg aus dem Dilemma des „Wachsen oder Weichen“ bieten und eine interessante Alternative zu etablierten Wertschöpfungsketten darstellen. Ziel des Beitrags ist es, die bislang unbekannten Einflussfaktoren auf die Teilnahmebereitschaft von Landwirten am CSA-Konzept zu analysieren und mögliche politische Förderansätze abzuleiten. Die Anwendung der Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) zeigt, dass die Teilnahmebereitschaft der Landwirte an CSA positiv von ihrer hedonischen Motivation und begünstigend wirkenden betrieblichen Strukturen beeinflusst wird, während sich Aufwendungen, die als Folge der Umsetzung von CSA erwartet werden, hemmend auf die Teilnahmebereitschaft auswirken. Um die Verbreitung des CSA-Konzeptes und die damit verbundene Adaption landwirtschaftlicher Betriebe an veränderte gesellschaftliche Anforderungen zu fördern, wird (agrar-)politische Aufklärungsarbeit als notwendig erachtet.
Semester-long inclusivity project: Using our voices at community engagement
Creators: name: Kanemoto, Emi
name: Routenberg, Robbie
name: Piazza, Sophia
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: This semester-long assignment is suited for any course that highlights cultural differences, diversity and equity, social advocacy, social justice, intercultural communication, and intercultural awareness and understanding. This series of inclusivity projects will help students to: (1) equip themselves with communication knowledge and skills; (2) recognize the structural, historical, and ideological forces in their own daily life; (3) reflect and analyze their own experiences and actions, as well as learn cultural diversities from their peers; and (4) be ready to serve as (intercultural) allies and agents to promote a more inclusive, harmonious community. While gaining required academic knowledge, students will practice civic engagement and advance their skills to advocate social justice in their community through planning, designing, and exhibiting photo posters to promote diversity and inclusion.
A hyperelastic model for simulating cells in flow
Creators: name: Müller, Sebastian J.
name: Weigl, Franziska
name: Bezold, Carina
name: Sancho, Ana
name: Bächer, Christian
name: Albrecht, Krystyna
name: Gekle, Stephan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the emerging field of 3D bioprinting, cell damage due to large deformations is considered a main cause for cell death and loss of functionality inside the printed construct. Those deformations, in turn, strongly depend on the mechano-elastic response of the cell to the hydrodynamic stresses experienced during printing. In this work, we present a numerical model to simulate the deformation of biological cells in arbitrary three-dimensional flows. We consider cells as an elastic continuum according to the hyperelastic Mooney-Rivlin model. We then employ force calculations on a tetrahedralized volume mesh. To calibrate our model, we perform a series of FluidFM(R) compression experiments with REF52 cells demonstrating that all three parameters of the Mooney-Rivlin model are required for a good description of the experimental data at very large deformations up to 80%. In addition, we validate the model by comparing to previous AFM experiments on bovine endothelial cells and artificial hydrogel particles. To investigate cell deformation in flow, we incorporate our model into Lattice Boltzmann simulations via an Immersed-Boundary algorithm. In linear shear flows, our model shows excellent agreement with analytical calculations and previous simulation data.
description: 15 pages, 9 figures, Supplementary information included. Unfortunately, the journal version misses an important contributor. The correct author list is the one given in this document. Biomech Model Mechanobiol (2020)
Explaining jargon using clear communication strategies
Creators: name: Hildenbrand, Grace M.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Health Communication, Science Communication, Interpersonal Communication. This activity prepares students to explain jargon effectively when communicating with individuals who have low health literacy by utilizing clear communication strategies.
PARTISAN DEALIGNMENT AND THE EMERGENCE OF SOUTHERN REPUBLICANISM (REALIGNMENT)
Creators: name: Renner, Tari
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: The solid one-party Democratic South has been transformed in the past three decades. The increasing competitiveness of the Southern Republican party is well documented in academic research. The causes of this phenomena, however, elicit considerable controversy. Two alternative explanations for the emergence of Southern Republicanism are examined in this research: the Dealignment and Behavioral Conversion hypotheses. According to the former explanation, Republican success in the South is a result of the national rise of self-identified independents. Actual conversions to the Republicans have been virtually non-existent. It is a national decline in the strength and importance of political parties which has produced the changes in southern electoral behavior. The Behavioral Conversion explanation, however, maintains that the Republicans have developed an idigenous power base in the region. The party's recent successes are the result of actual conversions, behavioral if not always in self-identification. Correlation coefficients of county level two-party vote percentages from each southern state for President, U.S. Senate and Governor from 1954 to 1980 are utilized to test these hypotheses. These statistics demonstrate how well one can predict, by county, where a party's strength lies in one election knowing how well it performed in another. If a political party is stronger as a predictor of voting patterns as southern party competition increases then there should be a greater continuity of Republican strength in states with more advanced Republican parties. Consequently, according to the Behavioral Conversion explanation, correlations of Republican two-party vote percentages in the Rim South should be significantly greater than in the Deep South. The contrary is implied by the Dealignment hypothesis. The results of this research, while by no means unequivocal, indicate that the rim states exhibited significantly greater continuity in partisan voting patterns, during this period, than their less competitive brethren. Therefore, greater levels of two-party competition appear to be associated with greater stability in the parties' electoral coalitions. There were, however, no consistent changes in the correlation coefficients over time as two-party competiton developed.
Just a spoonful of ice cream helps the methods go down: A hands-on approach to experimental design, null hypothesis testing, and inferential statistics
Creators: name: Tong, Stephanie Tom
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Science Policy

description: Research methods for undergraduates or graduates. The aims of this activity are: (1) to clarify the basics of experimental design, (2) to illustrate the concept of levels of measurement, (3) to demonstrate in-person/hands-on data collection procedures, (4) to understand and practice the steps in null hypothesis testing, and (5) to engage with different kinds of inferential statistics.
PARTISAN DEALIGNMENT AND THE EMERGENCE OF SOUTHERN REPUBLICANISM (REALIGNMENT)
Creators: name: Renner, Tari
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 44
subject: Human society
classificationCode: 4408
subject: Political science
subject: FOS: Political science

description: The solid one-party Democratic South has been transformed in the past three decades. The increasing competitiveness of the Southern Republican party is well documented in academic research. The causes of this phenomena, however, elicit considerable controversy. Two alternative explanations for the emergence of Southern Republicanism are examined in this research: the Dealignment and Behavioral Conversion hypotheses. According to the former explanation, Republican success in the South is a result of the national rise of self-identified independents. Actual conversions to the Republicans have been virtually non-existent. It is a national decline in the strength and importance of political parties which has produced the changes in southern electoral behavior. The Behavioral Conversion explanation, however, maintains that the Republicans have developed an idigenous power base in the region. The party's recent successes are the result of actual conversions, behavioral if not always in self-identification. Correlation coefficients of county level two-party vote percentages from each southern state for President, U.S. Senate and Governor from 1954 to 1980 are utilized to test these hypotheses. These statistics demonstrate how well one can predict, by county, where a party's strength lies in one election knowing how well it performed in another. If a political party is stronger as a predictor of voting patterns as southern party competition increases then there should be a greater continuity of Republican strength in states with more advanced Republican parties. Consequently, according to the Behavioral Conversion explanation, correlations of Republican two-party vote percentages in the Rim South should be significantly greater than in the Deep South. The contrary is implied by the Dealignment hypothesis. The results of this research, while by no means unequivocal, indicate that the rim states exhibited significantly greater continuity in partisan voting patterns, during this period, than their less competitive brethren. Therefore, greater levels of two-party competition appear to be associated with greater stability in the parties' electoral coalitions. There were, however, no consistent changes in the correlation coefficients over time as two-party competiton developed.
AN ECONOMIC EVALUATION OF THE YOBE RIVER IRRIGATION PROJECT IN NIGERIA
Creators: name: Ukpolo, Victor
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: A study was conducted on the Yobe River Irrigation Project with the adoption of the benefit-cost analysis. The main objective of the study was to evaluate economically the performance of the project. The evaluation exercise was conducted on the basis of a with- and without-drought principle. Impact of the project was examined with the assumption of a no-drought situation and also with that of a drought-affected situation. In other words, the influence of the drought occurrence on the project's performance was evaluated. It was found that agricultural production in the project area was substantially higher than that of the neighboring non-irrigated farmland in both the drought and non-drought eras. However, irrigation alone has not been determined to be the sole cause of such increased production, as the Yobe irrigation project was accompanied with several extension programs (such as fertilizer programs, training of local farmers in the use of modern technology, etc.) implemented by the government. Thus, it can be said that irrigation, along with the necessary extension programs, accounted for the increased agricultural production. Some external (beneficial and adverse) effects also were found to have occurred in the project area. The project was found to be lacking in some basic facilities that could further aid in enhancing the production capability of the project's farmland. The missing facilities are in the nature of feeder roads, water reservoirs for use by local farmers in periods when the river system runs dry, and warehouse facilities for preservation of the farmers' crops before entering into the market. The provision of these basic facilities would serve to increase farmers' incentives, thus leading to further increase in agricultural production.
Economic Returns to Farming for U.S. Farm Households
Creators: name: Prager, Daniel L
name: Tulman, Sarah
name: Durst, Ron
name: Prager, Daniel L
name: Tulman, Sarah
name: Durst, Ron
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: returns to farming
subject: farm income
subject: income tax
subject: depreciation
subject: returns to labor
subject: management
subject: family farms
subject: farmland values
subject: farm households
subject: Agricultural Resource
subject: Management Survey
subject: ARMS

description: A farm’s financial performance is commonly measured by net farm income, net cash farm income, and the farm household’s income or loss from the farm business. Slightly more than half of all U.S. farm households face a loss from their farm business in any given year. But other factors may also affect households’ economic returns from farming. For example, many households contribute unpaid labor to their farm, which is not included in the commonly used net income measures. This study examines returns to farming using the net income measures and an alternative measure that adjusts for the “opportunity” costs of capital and unpaid household labor—the costs of using these resources in farming rather than in some other pursuit. In addition, the study estimates two often-overlooked economic returns to farming: tax-loss benefits from farming and farmland appreciation.
Uncertainty of polarized gluon distribution from prompt photon production
Creators: name: Hirai, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Constraint of prompt photon data on the polarized gluon distribution is discussed in terms of uncertainty estimation for polarized parton distribution functions (PDFs). By comparing between uncertainty of the double spin asymmetry A_{LL}^γand expected statistical errors at RHIC, we found that the gluon distribution is effectively constrained in the region 0.04
description: 9 pages, 5 eps figures; typos corrected, references added
Potassium Isotopic Compositions of Enstatite Meteorites
Creators: name: Zhao, Chen
name: Lodders, Katharina
name: Bloom, Hannah
name: Chen, Heng
name: Tian, Zhen
name: Koefoed, Piers
name: Peto, Maria K.
name: Wang, Kun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Enstatite chondrites and aubrites are meteorites that show the closest similarities to the Earth in many isotope systems that undergo mass-independent and mass-dependent isotope fractionations. Due to the analytical challenges to obtain high-precision K isotopic compositions in the past, potential differences in K isotopic compositions between enstatite meteorites and the Earth remained uncertain. We report the first high-precision K isotopic compositions of eight enstatite chondrites and four aubrites and find that there is a significant variation of K isotopic compositions among enstatite meteorites (from -2.34 permil to -0.18 permil). However, K isotopic compositions of nearly all enstatite meteorites scatter around the Bulk Silicate Earth (BSE) value. The average K isotopic composition of the eight enstatite chondrites (-0.47 +/- 0.57 permil) is indistinguishable from the BSE value (-0.48 +/- 0.03 permil), thus further corroborating the isotopic similarity between Earth' building blocks and enstatite meteorite precursors. We found no correlation of K isotopic compositions with the chemical groups, petrological types, shock degrees, and terrestrial weathering conditions; however, the variation of K isotopes among enstatite meteorite can be attributed to the parent body processing. Our sample of the main group aubrite MIL 13004 is exceptional and has an extremely light K isotopic composition (delta 41K= -2.34 +/- 0.12 permil). We attribute this unique K isotopic feature to the presence of abundant djerfisherite inclusions in our sample because this K-bearing sulfide mineral is predicted to be enriched in 39K during equilibrium exchange with silicates.
description: 46 pages, 7 figures, 2 tables, published in Meteoritics & Planetary Science
Price Variability Across Food Product and Vendor Type in Food Benefit Redemptions Under the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC)
Creators: name: McLaughlin, Patrick W.
name: Gleason, Stacy
name: Wilkin, Margaret
name: McLaughlin, Patrick W.
name: Gleason, Stacy
name: Wilkin, Margaret
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: WIC
subject: Special Supplemental
subject: Nutrition Program
subject: Women
subject: Infants
subject: Children
subject: WIC food prices
subject: WIC redemptions
subject: cost containment

description: This report examines variability in WIC food transaction prices across store formats and four WIC State agencies in the Midwest, West, Southwest, and Mountain Plains using purchase-level data on 2014 Electronic Benefit Transfer (WIC EBT) transactions. While mass merchandisers and traditional grocers tended to have the lowest transaction prices in many product categories, prices vary greatly across States and store formats. Thus, the costliness of food baskets composed of various WIC food items varied significantly across the various store formats of WIC vendors, driven by prices in select product categories. State agencies may be able to reduce food costs in several key product categories, but potential savings may be outweighed by compromises to participant satisfaction or access to food benefits.
Enhanced Stability of Superheavy Nuclei due to High-Spin Isomerism
Creators: name: Xu, F. R.
name: Zhao, E. G.
name: Wyss, R.
name: Walker, P. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Configuration-constrained calculations of potential-energy surfaces in even-even superheavy nuclei reveal systematically the existence at low excitation energies of multi-quasiparticle states with deformed axially symmetric shapes and large angular momenta. These results indicate the prevalence of long-lived, multi-quasiparticle isomers. In a quantal system, the ground state is usually more stable than the excited states. In contrast, in superheavy nuclei the multi-qausiparticle excitations decrease the probability for both fission and $α$ decay, implying enhanced stability. Hence, the systematic occurrence of multi-qausiparticle isomers may become crucial for future production and study of even heavier nuclei. The energies of multi-quasiparticle states and their $α$ decays are calculated and compared to available data.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in PRL
1909-05-19 G.V. Black to McKay
Creators: name: Black, G. V. (Greene Vardiman), 1836-1915.
Publisher: name: DigitalHub. Galter Health Sciences Library & Learning Center
Year: 1909
Subjects: Dental Fluorosis
Tooth Abnormalities
Fluoridation
Colorado

description: Title: G.V. Black to McKay Container: c02 id: level:
Conserved Charges in Einstein Gauss-Bonnet theory
Creators: name: Deruelle, Nathalie
name: Katz, Joseph
name: Ogushi, Sachiko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using Noether's identities, we define a superpotential with respect to a background for the Einstein Gauss-Bonnet theory of gravity. As an example, we show that its associated conserved charge yields the mass-energy of a D-dimensional Gauss-Bonnet black hole in an anti-de Sitter spacetime.
description: 17 pages, LaTeX, references added, typos corrected, version to appear in Class. Quant. Grav
Unitary realizations of the ideal phase measurement
Creators: name: Buscemi, F.
name: D'Ariano, G. M.
name: Sacchi, M. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explicitly construct a large class of unitary transformations that allow to perform the ideal estimation of the phase-shift on a single-mode radiation field. The ideal phase distribution is obtained by heterodyne detection on two radiation modes after the interaction.
description: 7 pages, no figures. Elsart style
Semester-long inclusivity project: Using our voices at community engagement
Creators: name: Kanemoto, Emi
name: routenberg, robbie
name: Piazza, Sophia
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: This semester-long assignment is suited for any course that highlights cultural differences, diversity and equity, social advocacy, social justice, intercultural communication, and intercultural awareness and understanding. This series of inclusivity projects will help students to: (1) equip themselves with communication knowledge and skills; (2) recognize the structural, historical, and ideological forces in their own daily life; (3) reflect and analyze their own experiences and actions, as well as learn cultural diversities from their peers; and (4) be ready to serve as (intercultural) allies and agents to promote a more inclusive, harmonious community. While gaining required academic knowledge, students will practice civic engagement and advance their skills to advocate social justice in their community through planning, designing, and exhibiting photo posters to promote diversity and inclusion.
AN ECONOMIC EVALUATION OF THE YOBE RIVER IRRIGATION PROJECT IN NIGERIA
Creators: name: Ukpolo, Victor
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 38
subject: Economics

description: A study was conducted on the Yobe River Irrigation Project with the adoption of the benefit-cost analysis. The main objective of the study was to evaluate economically the performance of the project. The evaluation exercise was conducted on the basis of a with- and without-drought principle. Impact of the project was examined with the assumption of a no-drought situation and also with that of a drought-affected situation. In other words, the influence of the drought occurrence on the project's performance was evaluated. It was found that agricultural production in the project area was substantially higher than that of the neighboring non-irrigated farmland in both the drought and non-drought eras. However, irrigation alone has not been determined to be the sole cause of such increased production, as the Yobe irrigation project was accompanied with several extension programs (such as fertilizer programs, training of local farmers in the use of modern technology, etc.) implemented by the government. Thus, it can be said that irrigation, along with the necessary extension programs, accounted for the increased agricultural production. Some external (beneficial and adverse) effects also were found to have occurred in the project area. The project was found to be lacking in some basic facilities that could further aid in enhancing the production capability of the project's farmland. The missing facilities are in the nature of feeder roads, water reservoirs for use by local farmers in periods when the river system runs dry, and warehouse facilities for preservation of the farmers' crops before entering into the market. The provision of these basic facilities would serve to increase farmers' incentives, thus leading to further increase in agricultural production.
Additional file 2 of Variation in disease phenotype is marked in equine trypanosomiasis
Creators: name: Raftery, Alexandra G.
name: Saloum Jallow
name: Coultous, Robert M.
name: Rodgers, Jean
name: Sutton, David G. M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2: Table S1. Summary of the doses and routes of administration selected for the three trypanocides used (melarsomine dihydrochloride, diminazene and isometamidium). These were based upon the current evidence base for efficacy whilst trying to minimise the probability of complications.
A STUDY OF SELECTED DIBENZOCYCLOHEPTANE AND THIOXANTHENE DERIVATIVES BY CARBON-13 NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY (DOXEPIN, DOTHIEPIN, AMITRIPTYLINE, THIOTHIXENE, CHLORPROTHIXENE, NMR)
Creators: name: Wyatt, Dorothy Katharine
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 34
subject: Chemical sciences
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Carbon('13) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) chemical shift assignments are reported for Z- and E-doxepin hydrochloride (N,N-dimethyl-dibenz b,e oxepin-delta-11(6H), gamma-propylamine hydrochloride), Z- and E-dothiepin hydrochloride (N,N-dimethyldibenzo b,e thiepin-delta-11(6H), gamma-propylamine hydrochloride), Z and E-thiothixene (N,N-dimethyl-9- 3-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)propylidene thioxanthene-2-sulfonamide), Z and E-chlorprothixene (1-propanamine, 3-(2-chloro-9H-thioxanthen-9-ylidene)-N,N-dimethyl), amitriptyline hydrochloride (1-propanamine, 3-(10,11-dihydro-5H-diben-zo a,d cyclohepten-5-ylidene)-N,N-dimethyl-hydrochloride), and nortriptyline hydrochloride (1-propanamine, 3-(10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo a,d cyclohepten-5-ylidene)-N,N-dimethyl-hydrochloride). In addition to these latter pharmaceuticals, precursors and model compounds such as 5-methylene-5H-dibenzo a,d cycloheptane and 6H-dibenzothiepin-11-one were also studied. The pharmaceuticals under study are used in the treatment of anxiety, depression, and schizophrenia. They are believed to act by preventing reuptake inactivation of biogenic amines at the nerve endings thereby potentiating the amine action at postsynaptic receptors. Conformational variations between isomers in solution and predictably at the biogenic amine uptake jump may explain the greater biological activity of the Z- isomer. Conformation studies of nonisomeric drugs such as amitriptyline may also explain the biological activity of these dibenzocycloheptane derivatives. Current studies indicate that doxepin isomers differ in dibenz b,e oxepin ring conformation and that the alkylamino olefinic group is oriented above the most adjacent aromatic ring as in analogous studies of dibenzocycloheptane derivatives. Carbon('13) NMR studies of dothiepin indicate similar conclusions. The thioxanthene derivatives, thiothixene and chlorprothixene, do not differ in isomer ring conformation. Alkylamino olefinic group orientation agrees with previously reported X-ray crystallography data. This group is fully extended away from the thioxanthene ring. Carbon('13) NMR shift assignments for these compounds were made by comparison of model compound chemical shifts, off-resonance data, spin lattice relaxation time (T(,1)) determinations, homo- and heteronuclear shift-correlated 2D NMR spectroscopy, proton NMR, selective decoupling, and selective INEPT experiments.
Diffusion enhancement in a levitated droplet via oscillatory deformation
Creators: name: Koyano, Yuki
name: Kitahata, Hiroyuki
name: Hasegawa, Koji
name: Matsumoto, Satoshi
name: Nishinari, Katsuhiro
name: Watanabe, Tadashi
name: Kaneko, Akiko
name: Abe, Yutaka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent experimental results indicate that mixing is enhanced by a reciprocal flow induced inside a levitated droplet with an oscillatory deformation [T. Watanabe et al. Sci. Rep. 8, 10221 (2018)]. Generally, reciprocal flow cannot convect the solutes in time average, and agitation cannot take place. In the present paper, we focus on the diffusion process coupled with the reciprocal flow. We theoretically derive that the diffusion process can be enhanced by the reciprocal flow, and the results are confirmed via numerical calculation of the over-damped Langevin equation with a reciprocal flow.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures
Structured Energy Distribution and Coherent AC Transport in Mesoscopic Wires
Creators: name: Shytov, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electron energy distribution in a mesoscopic diffusive wire in the presence of an external ac voltage is obtained. At low temperatures the distribution has a form of a multi-step staircase, with the step width equal to the field energy quantum. Analytic results for the field frequency high and low compared to Thouless energy are obtained, while the intermediate frequency regime is analyzed numerically. Manifestations in the tunneling spectroscopy and noise measurements are discussed.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures
Homogenization of Fully-Coupled Chaotic Fast-Slow Systems via Intermediate Stochastic Regularization
Creators: name: Engel, Maximilian
name: Gkogkas, Marios-Antonios
name: Kuehn, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper we study coupled fast-slow ordinary differential equations (ODEs) with small time scale separation parameter $ε$ such that, for every fixed value of the slow variable, the fast dynamics are sufficiently chaotic with ergodic invariant measure. Convergence of the slow process to the solution of a homogenized stochastic differential equation (SDE) in the limit $ε$ to zero, with explicit formulas for drift and diffusion coefficients, has so far only been obtained for the case that the fast dynamics evolve independently. In this paper we give sufficient conditions for the convergence of the first moments of the slow variable in the coupled case. Our proof is based upon a new method of stochastic regularization and functional-analytical techniques combined via a double limit procedure involving a zero-noise limit as well as considering $ε$ to zero. We also give exact formulas for the drift and diffusion coefficients for the limiting SDE. As a main application of our theory, we study \emph{weakly-coupled} systems, where the coupling only occurs in lower time scales and our conditions are more easily verifiable requiring only mild, namely summable, decay of correlations.
description: 32 pages, 3 figures
A STUDY OF SELECTED DIBENZOCYCLOHEPTANE AND THIOXANTHENE DERIVATIVES BY CARBON-13 NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY (DOXEPIN, DOTHIEPIN, AMITRIPTYLINE, THIOTHIXENE, CHLORPROTHIXENE, NMR)
Creators: name: Wyatt, Dorothy Katharine
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Carbon('13) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) chemical shift assignments are reported for Z- and E-doxepin hydrochloride (N,N-dimethyl-dibenz b,e oxepin-delta-11(6H), gamma-propylamine hydrochloride), Z- and E-dothiepin hydrochloride (N,N-dimethyldibenzo b,e thiepin-delta-11(6H), gamma-propylamine hydrochloride), Z and E-thiothixene (N,N-dimethyl-9- 3-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)propylidene thioxanthene-2-sulfonamide), Z and E-chlorprothixene (1-propanamine, 3-(2-chloro-9H-thioxanthen-9-ylidene)-N,N-dimethyl), amitriptyline hydrochloride (1-propanamine, 3-(10,11-dihydro-5H-diben-zo a,d cyclohepten-5-ylidene)-N,N-dimethyl-hydrochloride), and nortriptyline hydrochloride (1-propanamine, 3-(10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo a,d cyclohepten-5-ylidene)-N,N-dimethyl-hydrochloride). In addition to these latter pharmaceuticals, precursors and model compounds such as 5-methylene-5H-dibenzo a,d cycloheptane and 6H-dibenzothiepin-11-one were also studied. The pharmaceuticals under study are used in the treatment of anxiety, depression, and schizophrenia. They are believed to act by preventing reuptake inactivation of biogenic amines at the nerve endings thereby potentiating the amine action at postsynaptic receptors. Conformational variations between isomers in solution and predictably at the biogenic amine uptake jump may explain the greater biological activity of the Z- isomer. Conformation studies of nonisomeric drugs such as amitriptyline may also explain the biological activity of these dibenzocycloheptane derivatives. Current studies indicate that doxepin isomers differ in dibenz b,e oxepin ring conformation and that the alkylamino olefinic group is oriented above the most adjacent aromatic ring as in analogous studies of dibenzocycloheptane derivatives. Carbon('13) NMR studies of dothiepin indicate similar conclusions. The thioxanthene derivatives, thiothixene and chlorprothixene, do not differ in isomer ring conformation. Alkylamino olefinic group orientation agrees with previously reported X-ray crystallography data. This group is fully extended away from the thioxanthene ring. Carbon('13) NMR shift assignments for these compounds were made by comparison of model compound chemical shifts, off-resonance data, spin lattice relaxation time (T(,1)) determinations, homo- and heteronuclear shift-correlated 2D NMR spectroscopy, proton NMR, selective decoupling, and selective INEPT experiments.