cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Depressive symptoms and cortisol variability prior to surgery for suspected endometrial cancer
Creators: name: Garey Smith, Stephanie
name: Sannes, Timothy S.
name: Patidar, Seema M.
name: Lutgendorf, Susan M.
name: Marsiske, Michael M.
name: Kneipp, Shawn M.
name: Dodd, Stacy M.
name: Pereira, Deidre B.
name: Jensen, Sally E.
name: Morgan, Linda S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Endometrial cancer (EC) is the most common type of gynecologic cancer affecting women; however, very little research has examined relationships between psychological factors and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis dysregulation in this population. The current study examined relations between depressive/anxious symptoms and salivary cortisol diurnal rhythm and variability in women undergoing surgery for suspected endometrial cancer. Depressive and anxious symptoms were measured prior to surgery using the Structured Interview Guide for the Hamilton Depression Inventory (SIGH-AD). Saliva was collected four times a day for the three days prior to surgery and then assayed by ELISA to obtain cortisol concentrations. Cortisol slopes and intraindividual variability were then calculated across subjects. Relations between depressive/anxious symptoms and cortisol indices were examined using multilevel modeling and linear regression analyses. Participants were 82 women with nonmetastatic endometrial cancer. Anxious symptoms were not associated with either cortisol slope or intraindividual variability, and depressive symptoms were unrelated to cortisol slope. However, after controlling for presence of poorer prognosis cancer subtypes, greater depressive symptoms (excluding symptoms possibly/definitely due to health/treatment factors) in the week preceding surgery were significantly related to greater cortisol intraindividual variability (β=.214; p<.05). These results suggest that depressive symptoms prior to surgery for suspected endometrial cancer are related to greater cortisol intraindividual variability, which is suggestive of more erratic HPA axis arousal. Future research should examine whether mood symptoms may be associated with compromised health outcomes via erratic HPA axis arousal in this population.
Metappearance: Meta-Learning for Visual Appearance Reproduction
Creators: name: Fischer, Michael
name: Ritschel, Tobias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: There currently exist two main approaches to reproducing visual appearance using Machine Learning (ML): The first is training models that generalize over different instances of a problem, e.g., different images of a dataset. As one-shot approaches, these offer fast inference, but often fall short in quality. The second approach does not train models that generalize across tasks, but rather over-fit a single instance of a problem, e.g., a flash image of a material. These methods offer high quality, but take long to train. We suggest to combine both techniques end-to-end using meta-learning: We over-fit onto a single problem instance in an inner loop, while also learning how to do so efficiently in an outer-loop across many exemplars. To this end, we derive the required formalism that allows applying meta-learning to a wide range of visual appearance reproduction problems: textures, BRDFs, svBRDFs, illumination or the entire light transport of a scene. The effects of meta-learning parameters on several different aspects of visual appearance are analyzed in our framework, and specific guidance for different tasks is provided. Metappearance enables visual quality that is similar to over-fit approaches in only a fraction of their runtime while keeping the adaptivity of general models.
description: Accepted as a journal paper to SIGGRAPH Asia 2022. Also see the project page at https://mfischer-ucl.github.io/metappearance
Comparison theorems for Lorentzian length spaces with lower timelike curvature bounds
Creators: name: Barrera, Waldemar
name: de Oca, Luis Montes
name: Solis, Didier A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C23, 53C50, 53C80

description: In this article we introduce a notion of normalized angle for Lorentzian pre-length spaces. This concept allows us to prove some equivalences to the definition of timelike curvature bounds from below for Lorentzian pre-length spaces. Specifically, we establish some comparison theorems known as the local Lorentzian version of the Toponogov theorem and the Alexandrov convexity property. Finally, as an application we obtain a first variation Formula for non-negatively curved globally hyperbolic Lorentzian length spaces.
Sex-differentiated changes in C-reactive protein from ages 9 to 21: The contributions of BMI and physical/sexual maturation
Creators: name: Costello, E. Jane
name: Shanahan, Lilly
name: Worthman, Carol M.
name: Angold, Adrian
name: Erkanli, Alaattin
name: Copeland, William E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Sex differences in levels of C-reactive Protein (CRP) are well established in adulthood, but little is known about when and why they emerge. Here, we tested longitudinal models of CRP levels from ages 9–21, when marked physical and behavioral changes could contribute to growing sex disparities in CRP.
Elevated systemic expression of ER stress related genes is associated with stress-related mental disorders in the Detroit Neighborhood Health Study
Creators: name: Soliven, Richelo
name: Uddin, Monica
name: Zhang, Kezhong
name: Wildman, Derek E.
name: Galea, Sandro
name: Zhang, Chao
name: Koenen, Karestan
name: Nevell, Lisa
name: Aiello, Allison E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: The role of Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) stress response in mental illness is not well understood. Human studies and animal models of depression show elevated brain ER stress response. In addition, some ER stress associated disorders (e.g. cardiovascular disease) show higher rates of depression compared to the general population, raising the possibility that ER stress response contributes to depression risk. It remains unknown, however, if ER stress response is present among individuals suffering from other stress-related mental illness, and whether such a response would be evident in a non-clinical sample. This study tests for systemic changes in ER stress response associated with major depressive disorder (MDD) or post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among community-dwelling individuals.
Cellular Topology Optimization on Differentiable Voronoi Diagrams
Creators: name: Feng, Fan
name: Xiong, Shiying
name: Liu, Ziyue
name: Xian, Zangyueyang
name: Zhou, Yuqing
name: Kobayashi, Hiroki
name: Kawamoto, Atsushi
name: Nomura, Tsuyoshi
name: Zhu, Bo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Cellular structures manifest their outstanding mechanical properties in many biological systems. One key challenge for designing and optimizing these geometrically complicated structures lies in devising an effective geometric representation to characterize the system's spatially varying cellular evolution driven by objective sensitivities. A conventional discrete cellular structure, e.g., a Voronoi diagram, whose representation relies on discrete Voronoi cells and faces, lacks its differentiability to facilitate large-scale, gradient-based topology optimizations. We propose a topology optimization algorithm based on a differentiable and generalized Voronoi representation that can evolve the cellular structure as a continuous field. The central piece of our method is a hybrid particle-grid representation to encode the previously discrete Voronoi diagram into a continuous density field defined in a Euclidean space. Based on this differentiable representation, we further extend it to tackle anisotropic cells, free boundaries, and functionally-graded cellular structures. Our differentiable Voronoi diagram enables the integration of an effective cellular representation into the state-of-the-art topology optimization pipelines, which defines a novel design space for cellular structures to explore design options effectively that were impractical for previous approaches. We showcase the efficacy of our approach by optimizing cellular structures with up to thousands of anisotropic cells, including femur bone and Odonata wing.
description: 23 pages, 20 figures
Combinatorial Interpretation of General Eulerian Numbers
Creators: name: Xiong, Tingyao
name: Hall, Jonathan I.
name: Tsao, Hung-ping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Since 1950s, mathematicians have successfully interpreted the traditional Eulerian numbers and $q-$Eulerian numbers combinatorially. In this paper, the authors give a combinatorial interpretation to the general Eulerian numbers defined on general arithmetic progressions { a, a+d, a+2d,...}.
description: Journal of Discrete Mathematics, vol. 2014, Article ID 870596, 6 pages, 2014
Herpesviruses, inflammatory markers and incident depression in a longitudinal study of Detroit residents
Creators: name: Yolken, Robert
name: Aiello, Allison E.
name: Galea, Sandro
name: Simanek, Amanda M.
name: Cheng, Caroline
name: Uddin, Monica
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Depression is predicted to become the leading cause of disability worldwide by 2030 and moreover, socioeconomic inequalities in depression persist. Herpesviruses, which are more prevalent among socioeconomically disadvantaged populations, subject to stress-induced reactivation and are associated with increased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines implicated in the etiology of depression, may serve as novel risk factors for depression onset.
Is very high C-reactive protein in young adults associated with indicators of chronic disease risk?
Creators: name: Freeman, Jason
name: Shanahan, Lilly
name: Bauldry, Shawn
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Cases with very high C-reactive protein (CRP > 10 mg/l) are often dropped from analytic samples in research on risk for chronic physical and mental illness, but this convention could inadvertently result in excluding those most at risk. We tested whether young adults with very high CRP scored high on indicators of chronic disease risk. We also tested intergenerational pathways to and sex-differentiated correlates of very high CRP.
Population variation in neuroendocrine activity is associated with behavioral inhibition and hemispheric brain structure in young rhesus monkeys
Creators: name: Lubach, Gabriele R.
name: Styner, Martin A.
name: Gilmore, John H.
name: Short, Sarah J.
name: Shirtcliff, Elizabeth A.
name: Coe, Christopher L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Population variation in hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) activity and reactivity was assessed in a healthy sample of 48 juvenile rhesus monkeys. Cluster analysis of the HPA profiles revealed four distinct neuroendocrine phenotypes based on six indices of HPA functioning. Behavioral reactivity was also evaluated in response to novel stimuli, and revealed marked differences between animals in the highest- and lowest-cortisol clusters. Specifically, animals in the high-cortisol cluster showed larger stress-induced cortisol responses and blunted feedback sensitivity to dexamethasone. They were also emotionally reactive, displayed more aggressive behaviors, and were less likely to approach novel objects. In contrast, monkeys in the low-cortisol cluster were more likely to approach and explore novel objects. Representative animals with high or low cortisol profiles were scanned with Magnetic Resonance Imaging to evaluate structural differences in global and regional gray matter (GM) and white matter (WM) volumes. Monkeys with higher cortisol reactivity evinced less hemispheric brain asymmetry, due to decreased GM in the right hemisphere. Stress reactivity was inversely related to global GM and positively related to total cerebrospinal fluid volume. This inverse relationship was also observed in several stress-sensitive regions, including prefrontal and frontal cortices. Our study demonstrates that population variation in pituitary-adrenal activity is related to behavioral disposition and cerebral structure in this nonhuman primate species.
Comparison of different sensor thicknesses and substrate materials for the monolithic small collection-electrode technology demonstrator CLICTD
Creators: name: Dort, Katharina
name: Ballabriga, Rafael
name: Braach, Justus
name: Buschmann, Eric
name: Campbell, Michael
name: Dannheim, Dominik
name: Huth, Lennart
name: Kremastiotis, Iraklis
name: Kröger, Jens
name: Linssen, Lucie
name: Munker, Magdalena
name: Snoeys, Walter
name: Spannagel, Simon
name: Švihra, Peter
name: Vanat, Tomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Small collection-electrode monolithic CMOS sensors profit from a high signal-to-noise ratio and a small power consumption, but have a limited active sensor volume due to the fabrication process based on thin high-resistivity epitaxial layers. In this paper, the active sensor depth is investigated in the monolithic small collection-electrode technology demonstrator CLICTD. Charged particle beams are used to study the charge-collection properties and the performance of devices with different thicknesses both for perpendicular and inclined particle incidence. In CMOS sensors with a high-resistivity Czochralski substrate, the depth of the sensitive volume is found to increase by a factor two in comparison with standard epitaxial material and leads to significant improvements in the hit-detection efficiency and the spatial and time resolution.
An analysis of gene expression in PTSD implicates genes involved in the glucocorticoid receptor pathway and neural responses to stress
Creators: name: Miller, Mark W.
name: Logue, Mark W.
name: Ratanatharathorn, Andrew
name: Aiello, Allison E.
name: Smith, Alicia K.
name: Binder, Elisabeth B.
name: Arloth, Janine
name: Koenen, Karestan C.
name: Baldwin, Clinton
name: Menke, Andreas
name: Wolf, Erika J.
name: Uddin, Monica
name: Stone, Annjanette
name: Galea, Sandro
name: Guffanti, Guia
name: Schichman, Steven A.
name: Wildman, Derek
name: Humphries, Donald
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: We examined the association between posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and gene expression using whole blood samples from a cohort of trauma-exposed white non-Hispanic male veterans (115 cases and 28 controls). 10,264 probes of genes and gene transcripts were analyzed. We found 41 that were differentially expressed in PTSD cases versus controls (multiple-testing corrected p<0.05). The most significant was DSCAM, a neurological gene expressed widely in the developing brain and in the amygdala and hippocampus of the adult brain. We then examined the 41 differentially expressed genes in a meta-analysis using two replication cohorts and found significant associations with PTSD for 7 of the 41 (p<0.05), one of which (ATP6AP1L) survived multiple-testing correction. There was also broad evidence of overlap across the discovery and replication samples for the entire set of genes implicated in the discovery data based on the direction of effect and an enrichment of p<0.05 significant probes beyond what would be expected under the null. Finally, we found that the set of differentially expressed genes from the discovery sample was enriched for genes responsive to glucocorticoid signaling with most showing reduced expression in PTSD cases compared to controls.
Theory of THz generation by Optical Rectification using Tilted-Pulse-Fronts
Creators: name: Ravi, Koustuban
name: Huang, Wenqian Ronny
name: Carbajo, Sergio
name: Nanni, Emilio
name: Schimpf, Damian
name: Ippen, Erich
name: Kaertner, Franz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A model for THz generation by optical rectification using tilted-pulse-fronts is developed. It simultaneously accounts for (i) the spatio-temporal distortions of the optical pump pulse, (ii) the nonlinear coupled interaction of THz and optical radiation in two spatial dimensions (2-D), (iii) self-phase modulation and (iv) stimulated Raman scattering. The model is validated by quantitative agreement with experiments and analytic calculations. We show that the optical pump beam is significantly broadened in the transverse-momentum (kx) domain as a consequence of the spectral broadening caused by THz generation. In the presence of this large frequency and transverse-momentum (or angular) spread, group velocity dispersion causes a spatio-temporal break-up of the optical pump pulse which inhibits further THz generation. The implications of these effects on energy scaling and optimization of optical-to-THz conversion efficiency are discussed. This suggests the use of optical pump pulses with elliptical beam profiles for large optical pump energies. It is seen that optimization of the setup is highly dependent on optical pump conditions. Trade-offs of optimizing the optical-to-THz conversion efficiency on the spatial and spectral properties of THz radiation is discussed to guide the development of such sources.
description: 21 pages, 8 figures
Oxytocin and HPA stress axis reactivity in postpartum women
Creators: name: Meltzer-Brody, S.
name: Grewen, K.
name: Stuebe, A.
name: Rubinow, D.
name: Pearson, B.
name: Cox, E.Q.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Lactation is thought to buffer stress reactivity via oxytocin (OT). Dysregulation of the HPA axis has been reported in women with postpartum depression (PPD). The co-occurrence of PPD and lactation failure suggests that abnormalities in OT signaling may play a role in PPD. We hypothesized that abnormal OT signaling is implicated in dysregulated HPA axis reactivity among postpartum women with mood symptoms. In a prospective perinatal cohort, we tested associations between OT levels during breastfeeding and stress reactivity.
Inducing spin-order with an impurity: phase diagram of the magnetic Bose polaron
Creators: name: Mistakidis, S. I.
name: Koutentakis, G. M.
name: Grusdt, F.
name: Schmelcher, P.
name: Sadeghpour, H. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the formation of magnetic Bose polaron, an impurity atom dressed by spin-wave excitations, in a one-dimensional spinor Bose gas. In terms of an effective potential model the impurity is strongly confined by the host excitations which can even overcome the impurity-medium repulsion leading to a self-localized quasi-particle state. The phase diagram of the attractive and self-bound repulsive magnetic polaron, repulsive non-magnetic (Fr{\" o}hlich-type) polaron and impurity-medium phase-separation regimes is explored with respect to the Rabi-coupling between the spin components, spin-spin interactions and impurity-medium coupling. The residue of such magnetic polarons decreases substantially in both strong attractive and repulsive branches with strong impurity-spin interactions, illustrating significant dressing of the impurity. The impurity can be used to probe and maneuver the spin polarization of the magnetic medium while suppressing ferromagnetic spin-spin correlations. It is shown that mean-field theory fails as the spinor gas approaches immiscibility since the generated spin-wave excitations are prominent. Our findings illustrate that impurities can be utilized to generate controllable spin-spin correlations and magnetic polaron states which can be realized with current cold atom setups.
description: 22 pages, 12 figures
Continual misidentification of 5-oxolinalool as 2-methylnon-2-en-4-one in essential oils
Creators: name: Raičević, Vidak
name: Radulović, Niko
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: When employing GC and GC-MS, constituents of essential oils are most frequently identified by comparing retention indices and mass spectra with those reported in the literature or analytical libraries. While this allows for a rapid analysis, incorrect data can lead to a constituent being repeatedly misidentified. This was demonstrated in this work for 5-oxolinalool (6-hydroxy-2,6-dimethylocta-2,7-dien-4-one), an oxygenated monoterpene that was often erroneously identified as 2-methylnon-2-en-4-one. After encountering an unknown constituent of the essential oil of Sambucus nigra L. (Viburnaceae) flowers, we sought to acquire relevant analytical data on both compounds. Even though their mass spectra were rather similar (with 2-methylnon-2-en-4-one missing the peak at m/z 71), their retention indices were found to be significantly different. It follows that a revision of all prior identifications of 2-methylnon-2-en-4-one as an essential-oil constituent is needed.
Das Evangelium als Norm und Kritik aller Spiritualität in der Kirche
Creators: name: Balthasar, Hans Urs Von
Publisher: name: Concilium
Year: 1970

description: Concilium, Bd. 1 Nr. 9 (1965): Concilium: Internationale Zeitschrift für Theologie, Band 1, Heft 9
Di-Higgs phenomenology: The forgotten channel
Creators: name: Englert, Christoph
name: Krauss, Frank
name: Spannowsky, Michael
name: Thompson, Jennifer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Searches for multi-Higgs final states allow to constrain parameters of the SM (or extensions thereof) that directly relate to the mechanism of electroweak symmetry breaking. Multi-Higgs production cross sections, however, are small and the phenomenologically accessible final states are challenging to isolate in the busy multi-jet hadron collider environment of the LHC run 2. This makes the necessity to extend the list of potentially observable production mechanisms obvious. Most of the phenomenological analyses in the past have focused on $gg\to hh+jets$; in this paper we study $pp\to t\bar t hh$ at LHC run 2 and find that this channel for $h\to b\bar b$ and semi-leptonic and hadronic top decays has the potential to provide an additional handle to constrain the Higgs trilinear coupling in a global fit at the end of run 2.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Quantification of coumarins, furocoumarins and polymethoxyflavones in hydroalcoholic fragrances by supercritical fluid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry
Creators: name: Camillo, Maria Rita Testa
name: Russo, Marina
name: Trozzi, Alessandra
name: Mondello, Luigi
name: Dugo, Paola
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Plant Biology

description: Citrus essential oils, thanks to their pleasant aroma, are certainly the most used ingredients in the formulation of hydroalcoholic fragrances. The non-volatile fraction of Citrus essential oil is composed for 10–20% of coumarins, furocoumarins and polymethoxyflavones. It is well known that furocoumarins induce photosensitization and have potential carcinogenic and mutagenic effects. It follows that furocoumarins levels in cosmetics product are constantly monitored by opinions and regulations issued by the International Fragrance Association. The aim of this research article was to quantify coumarins, furocoumarins and polymethoxyflavones in thirty commercial hydroalcoholic fragrances using supercritical fluid chromatography in combination with triple quadrupole mass spectrometry technique (SFC-QqQ-MS). According to author’s knowledge, this is the first report on the determination of oxygen heterocyclic compounds in hydroalcoholic fragrances by means of SFC-QqQ-MS technique.
Hold it! Memory affects attentional dwell time
Creators: name: Parks, Emily L.
name: Hopfinger, Joseph B.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: The allocation of attention, including the initial orienting and the subsequent dwell time, is affected by several bottom-up and top-down factors. How item memory affects these processes, however, remains unclear. Here, we investigated whether item memory affects attentional dwell time by using a modified version of the attentional blink (AB) paradigm. Across four experiments, our results revealed that the AB was significantly affected by memory status (novel vs. old), but critically, this effect depended on the ongoing memory context. Specifically, items that were unique in terms of memory status demanded more resources, as measured by a protracted AB. The present findings suggest that a more comprehensive understanding of memory’s effects on attention can be obtained by accounting for an item’s memorial context, as well as its individual item memory strength. Our results provide new evidence that item memory and memory context play a significant role in the temporal allocation of attention.
Cascade Models in Simulation of Extended Heavy Targets Irradiated by Accelerated Proton and Deuteron Beams
Creators: name: Baznat, M.
name: Baldin, A.
name: Baldina, E.
name: Paraipan, M.
name: Pronskikh, V.
name: Zhivkov, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The paper presents a survey of the main numerical models used for simulation of interaction of accelerated particle beams with target nuclei. These models form the core of the software for simulation of various experiments and experimental facilities both for scientific and applied purposes. The beam and target parameters considered in detail in this study (protons and deuterons with energies from 0.66 to 4 AGeV and bulk U targets) cover the range of interest in development of new concepts of nuclear power production aided by accelerated particle beams.
Phenomenology at the Large Hadron Collider with Deep Learning: the case of vector-like quarks decaying to light jets
Creators: name: Freitas, Felipe F.
name: Gonçalves, João
name: Morais, António P.
name: Pasechnik, Roman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we continue our exploration of TeV-scale vector-like fermion signatures inspired by a Grand Unification scenario based on the trinification gauge group. A particular focus is given to pair-production topologies of vector-like quarks (VLQs) at the LHC, in a multi-jet plus a charged lepton and a missing energy signature. We employ Deep Learning methods and techniques based in evolutive algorithms that optimize hyper-parameters in the neural network construction, whose objective is to maximise the Asimov estimate for distinct VLQ masses. In this article, we consider the implications of an innovative approach by simultaneously combining detector images (also known as jet images) and tabular data containing kinematic information from the final states. With this technique we are able to exclude VLQs, that are specific for the considered model, to up a mass of 800 GeV in both the high-luminosity the Run-III phases of the LHC programme.
description: 24 pages, 4 tables and 8 figures. Matches version to be published in EPJC
NNLO+PS Monte Carlo simulation of photon pair production with MiNNLOPS
Creators: name: Gavardi, Alessandro
name: Oleari, Carlo
name: Re, Emanuele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a NNLO QCD accurate event generator for direct photon pair production at hadron colliders, based on the MiNNLOPS formalism, within the POWHEG BOX RES framework. Despite the presence of the photons requires the use of isolation criteria, our generator is built such that no technical cuts are needed at any stage of the event generation. Therefore, our predictions can be used to simulate kinematic distributions with arbitrary fiducial cuts. Furthermore, we describe a few modifications of the MiNNLOPS formalism in order to allow for a setting of the renormalization and factorization scales more similar to that of a fixed-order computation, thus reducing the numerical impact of higher-order terms beyond the nominal accuracy. Finally, we show several phenomenological distributions of physical interest obtained by showering the generated events with Pythia8, and we compare them with the 13 TeV data from the ATLAS Collaboration.
description: 36 pages, 11 figures
Metabolic networks are almost nonfractal: A comprehensive evaluation
Creators: name: Takemoto, Kazuhiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Network self-similarity or fractality are widely accepted as an important topological property of metabolic networks; however, recent studies cast doubt on the reality of self-similarity in the networks. Therefore, we perform a comprehensive evaluation of metabolic network fractality using a box-covering method with an earlier version and the latest version of metabolic networks, and demonstrate that the latest metabolic networks are almost self-dissimilar, while the earlier ones are fractal, as reported in a number of previous studies. This result may be because the networks were randomized because of an increase in network density due to database updates, suggesting that the previously observed network fractality was due to a lack of available data on metabolic reactions. This finding may not entirely discount the importance of self-similarity of metabolic networks. Rather, it highlights the need for a more suitable definition of network fractality and a more careful examination of self-similarity of metabolic networks.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
Focus takes time: structural effects on reading
Creators: name: Gordon, Peter C.
name: Lowder, Matthew W.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Previous eye-tracking work has yielded inconsistent evidence regarding whether readers spend more or less time encoding focused information compared to information that is not focused. We report the results of an eye-tracking experiment that used syntactic structure to manipulate whether a target word was linguistically defocused, neutral, or focused, while controlling for possible oculomotor differences across conditions. As the structure of the sentence made the target word increasingly more focused, reading times systematically increased. We propose that the longer reading times for linguistically focused words reflect deeper encoding, which explains previous findings showing that readers have better subsequent memory for focused versus defocused information.
Probabilistic modeling of the growth of Listeria monocytogenes: effect of nisin, temperature, and strain in the presence of potassium chloride or potassium sorbate
Creators: name: Şentürk, Esra
name: Buzrul, Sencer
name: Şanlıbaba, Pınar
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: The effects of temperature and nisin with either potassium chloride (KCl) or potassium sorbate on growth boundaries of three different Listeria monocytogenes strains in broth were studied. One ATCC7644 strain and two ready-to-eat food (RTE) isolates at different temperatures (4, 20, and 37°C) and nisin (0, 50, 100, 200, and 400 μg/mL) levels with either KCl (0, 1, 2, 3, and 4% w/v) or potassium sorbate (0, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, and 0.20% w/v) were used. Highest and lowest growth probabilities were obtained for ATTC7644 and 120 (meat-based RTE isolate) strains, respectively with KCl and strain 137 (vegetable-based RTE isolate) was in between. However, the growth probabilities of the strains were just the opposite with the use of sorbate: strain 120 had the highest, whereas ATCC7644 strain had the lowest growth probability. Our results showed that nisin in combination with other preservatives may lead to diverse growth responses for different strains of L. monocytogenes. Validation studies performed in UHT whole milk and meat broth at 8 and 12°C and nisin levels of 25, 75, 150, and 250 μg/mL with either KCl (1.5%) or sorbate (0.125%) indicated 46% and 73% accurate predictions for milk and meat broth, respectively. Although a quick growth estimate was possible with the use of broth, we concluded that a model developed in a laboratory medium should not be extended in real food systems.
FIMP Dark Matter in Heterotic M-Theory
Creators: name: Dumitru, Sebastian
name: Ovrut, Burt A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Within the context of $N=1$ supersymmetric heterotic $M$-theory, we present a "freeze-in" mechanism for producing dark matter via a "moduli portal" between the observable and hidden sectors. It is assumed that the observable sector consists of the MSSM or some physically acceptable extension of it, while the hidden sector is chosen so as to satisfy all physical and mathematical constraints. Dark matter production processes are examined for two fundamental types of hidden sectors; those whose gauge bundle structure group contains an anomalous $U(1)$ and those whose structure group is non-Abelian and anomaly free. The couplings of the dilaton and the "universal" modulus to all fields of the observable and hidden sectors are presented and analyzed. These interactions are then combined to produce a moduli portal from a thermal bath of observable sector particles to the hidden sector. These processes are then analyzed for both the anomalous and non-anomalous cases. It is shown that only the uncharged hidden sector matter scalars can play the role of dark matter, and that these are predominantly produced during the "reheating" epoch on the observable sector. Within the context of both an anomalous and non-anomalous hidden sector, we calculated the dark matter "relic density". We show that in both case, for a wide choice of moduli vacua, one can correctly predict the observabled relic density. For the anomalous $U(1)$ case, we choose a specific physically acceptable vacuum within the context of the $B-L$ MSSM and show that one precisely obtains the measured dark matter relic abundance.
description: 50 pages, 6 figures, modified notation, added more comments and diagrams
Quantifying the recruitment challenges with couple-based interventions for cancer: applications to early-stage breast cancer
Creators: name: Porter, Laura S.
name: Gremore, Tina M.
name: Peppercorn, Jeffrey
name: Kirby, Jennifer S.
name: Fredman, Steffany J.
name: Kallman, Theresa A.
name: Castellani, Angela M.
name: Klauber-Demore, Nancy
name: Baucom, Donald H.
name: Claire Dees, E.
name: Carey, Lisa A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Despite mounting evidence supporting the use of psychosocial interventions to promote adaptation to cancer, enrolling participants into these interventions is challenging. This is particularly salient for couple-based interventions, and newer, more targeted recruitment strategies to increase enrollment are needed. However, there have been few published empirical studies focused specifically on recruitment–related variables associated with enrollment into these types of interventions. To better understand how to encourage participation in couple-based psychosocial interventions for cancer, we examined facilitating and impeding factors to enrollment into a couple-based intervention for women with early stage breast cancer.
Multicarrier-Division Duplex for Solving the Channel Aging Problem in Massive MIMO Systems
Creators: name: Li, Bohan
name: Yang, Lie-Liang
name: Maunder, Robert G
name: Sun, Songlin
name: Xiao, Pei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: The separation of training and data transmission as well as the frequent uplink/downlink (UL/DL) switching make time-division duplex (TDD)-based massive multiple-input multiple-output (mMIMO) systems less competent in fast time-varying scenarios due to the resulted severe channel aging. To this end, a multicarrier-division duplex (MDD) mMIMO scheme associated with two types of well-designed frame structures are introduced for combating channel aging when communicating over fast time-varying channels. To compare with TDD, the corresponding frame structures related to 3GPP standards and their variant forms are presented. The MDD-specific general Wiener predictor and decision-directed Wiener predictor are introduced to predict the channel state information, respectively, in the time domain based on UL pilots and in the frequency domain based on the detected UL data, considering the impact of residual self-interference (SI). Moreover, by applying the zero-forcing precoding and maximum ratio combining, the closed-form approximations for the lower bounded rate achieved by TDD and MDD systems over time-varying channels are derived. Our main conclusion from this study is that the MDD, endowed with the capability of full-duplex but less demand on SI cancellation than in-band full-duplex (IBFD), outperforms both the conventional TDD and IBFD in combating channel aging.
Schwinger Effect in 4D de Sitter Space and Constraints on Magnetogenesis in the Early Universe
Creators: name: Kobayashi, Takeshi
name: Afshordi, Niayesh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate pair creation by an electric field in four-dimensional de Sitter space. The expectation value of the induced current is computed, using the method of adiabatic regularization. Under strong electric fields the behavior of the current is similar to that in flat space, while under weak electric fields the current becomes inversely proportional to the mass squared of the charged field. Thus we find that the de Sitter space obtains a large conductivity under weak electric fields in the presence of a charged field with a tiny mass. We then apply the results to constrain electromagnetic fields in the early universe. In particular, we study cosmological scenarios for generating large-scale magnetic fields during the inflationary era. Electric fields generated along with the magnetic fields can induce sufficiently large conductivity to terminate the phase of magnetogenesis. For inflationary magnetogenesis models with a modified Maxwell kinetic term, the generated magnetic fields cannot exceed 10^{-30} G on Mpc scales in the present epoch, when a charged field carrying an elementary charge with mass of order the Hubble scale or smaller exists in the Lagrangian. Similar constraints from the Schwinger effect apply for other magnetogenesis mechanisms.
description: 34 pages, 4 figures, v2: published in JHEP
The impact of cancer and quality of life for post-treatment non-Hodgkin lymphoma survivors
Creators: name: Petersen, Laura
name: Zimmerman, Sheryl
name: Ganz, Patricia A.
name: Crespi, Catherine M.
name: Smith, Sophia K.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Recent work suggests that perceptions of the impact of cancer on survivors’ lives are associated with physical and mental health and quality of life (QOL) outcomes. This study examines the association between the Impact of Cancer version 2 scales (IOCv2) and these outcomes in a large sample of survivors of adult non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL).
Generating and Solving Symbolic Parity Games
Creators: name: Kant, Gijs
name: van de Pol, Jaco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present a new tool for verification of modal mu-calculus formulae for process specifications, based on symbolic parity games. It enhances an existing method, that first encodes the problem to a Parameterised Boolean Equation System (PBES) and then instantiates the PBES to a parity game. We improved the translation from specification to PBES to preserve the structure of the specification in the PBES, we extended LTSmin to instantiate PBESs to symbolic parity games, and implemented the recursive parity game solving algorithm by Zielonka for symbolic parity games. We use Multi-valued Decision Diagrams (MDDs) to represent sets and relations, thus enabling the tools to deal with very large systems. The transition relation is partitioned based on the structure of the specification, which allows for efficient manipulation of the MDDs. We performed two case studies on modular specifications, that demonstrate that the new method has better time and memory performance than existing PBES based tools and can be faster (but slightly less memory efficient) than the symbolic model checker NuSMV.
description: In Proceedings GRAPHITE 2014, arXiv:1407.7671
Brief Report: Correlates of Quality of Life-related Outcomes in Breast Cancer Patients Participating in the Pathfinders Pilot Study
Creators: name: Wheeler, Jane L.
name: Staley, Tina
name: Abernethy, Amy P.
name: Coan, April
name: Herndon, James E.
name: Lyerly, H. Kim
name: Smith, Sophia K.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: In a pilot study, participation in the Pathfinders program was associated with reductions in distress and despair and improvements in quality of life (QOL) among advanced breast cancer patients. This paper explores the relationship between psychosocial resources invoked through the Pathfinders intervention and outcomes.
Direct mapping from PET coincidence data to proton-dose and positron activity using a deep learning approach
Creators: name: Rahman, Atiq. Ur.
name: Nemallapudi, Mythra Varun.
name: Chou, Cheng-Ying.
name: Lee, Shih-Chang
name: Lin, Chih-Hsun.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: $Objective$. Obtaining the intrinsic dose distributions in particle therapy is a challenging problem that needs to be addressed by imaging algorithms to take advantage of secondary particle detectors. In this work, we investigate the utility of deep learning methods for achieving direct mapping from detector data to the intrinsic dose distribution. $Approach$. We performed Monte Carlo simulations using GATE/Geant4 10.4 simulation toolkits to generate a dataset using human CT phantom irradiated with high-energy protons and imaged with compact in-beam PET for realistic beam delivery in a single-fraction ($\sim$2Gy). We developed a neural network model based on conditional generative adversarial networks to generate dose maps conditioned on coincidence distributions in the detector. The model performance is evaluated by the mean relative error, absolute dose fraction difference, and shift in Bragg peak position. $Main$ $results$. The relative deviation in the dose and range of the distributions predicted by the model from the true values for mono-energetic irradiation between 50 MeV and 122 MeV lie within 1% and 2%, respectively. This was achieved using $\mathrm{10^5}$ coincidences acquired five minutes after irradiation. The relative deviation in the dose and range for spread-out Bragg peak distributions were within 1% and 2.6% uncertainties, respectively. $Significance$. An important aspect of this study is the demonstration of a method for direct mapping from detector counts to dose domain using the low count data of compact detectors suited for practical implementation in particle therapy. Including additional prior information in the future can further expand the scope of our model and also extend its application to other areas of medical imaging.
Vices and Virtues of Higgs EFTs at Large Energy
Creators: name: Biekoetter, Anke
name: Knochel, Alexander
name: Kraemer, Michael
name: Liu, Da
name: Riva, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study constraints on new physics from Higgs production at the LHC in the context of an effective field theory (EFT), focusing on Higgs searches in $HV$ ($V=W,Z$) associated production which are particularly sensitive to the high-energy behavior of certain dimension-6 operators. We show that analyses of these searches are generally dominated by a kinematic region where the generic EFT expansion breaks down, and establish under which conditions they can nevertheless be meaningful. For example, constraints from these searches on the Wilson coefficients of operators whose effects grow with energy can be established in scenarios where a particular combination of fermions and the Higgs are composite and strongly coupled: then, bounds from Higgs physics at high energy are complementary to LEP1 and competitive with LEP2.
description: 21 pages, 5 figures