cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Singular Levi-flat hypersurfaces in complex projective space induced by curves in the Grassmannian
Creators: name: Lebl, Jiri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 32S25, 32S65, 32C07, 14P15

description: Let $H \subset {\mathbb P}^n$ be a real-analytic subvariety of codimension one induced by a real-analytic curve in the Grassmannian $G(n+1,n)$. Assuming $H$ has a global defining function, we prove $H$ is Levi-flat, the closure of its smooth points of top dimension is a union of complex hyperplanes, and its singular set is either of dimension $2n-2$ or dimension $2n-4$. If the singular set is of dimension $2n-4$, then we show the hypersurface is algebraic and the Levi-foliation extends to a singular holomorphic foliation of ${\mathbb P}^n$ with a meromorphic (rational of degree 1) first integral. In this case, $H$ is in some sense simply a complex cone over an algebraic curve in ${\mathbb P}^1$. Similarly if $H$ has a degenerate singularity, then $H$ is also algebraic. If the dimension of the singular set is $2n-2$ and is nondegenerate, we show by construction that the hypersurface need not be algebraic nor semialgebraic. We construct a Levi-flat real-analytic subvariety in ${\mathbb P}^2$ of real codimension 1 with compact leaves that is not contained in any proper real-algebraic subvariety of ${\mathbb P}^2$. Therefore a straightforward analogue of Chow's theorem for Levi-flat hypersurfaces does not hold.
description: 13 pages, 1 figure, add missing hypotheses to first theorem, reorganized and added some details
Predictors of Positive Cerebrospinal Fluid Cultures in Infants With Bacteremia
Creators: name: Benjamin, Daniel K.
name: Laughon, Matthew M.
name: Clark, Reese H.
name: Hornik, Christoph P.
name: Beam, Kristyn S.
name: Smith, P. Brian
name: Cohen-Wolkowiez, Michael
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: BACKGROUND: Meningitis causes substantial morbidity and mortality in hospitalized infants. There is no consensus on the ability of blood cultures to predict results from cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cultures in hospitalized infants.

METHODS: We used the Pediatrix Medical Group database of infants discharged from 333 neonatal intensive care units between 1997 and 2011. We identified all infants with a positive blood culture and a CSF culture obtained within 3 days. We evaluated the odds of a concordant blood-CSF culture pair, controlling for severity of illness, organism type, gestational age, day of blood culture and blood-CSF culture pairing, exposure to CSF-penetrating antibiotics and the presence of a ventriculo-peritoneal shunt.

RESULTS: We identified 8839 infants with 9408 blood-CSF culture pairs. Serratia marcescens (24/227, 11%) and Streptococcus pneumoniae (7/64, 11%) had the highest proportion of concordant blood-CSF culture pairs. The presence of a ventriculo-peritoneal shunt, as well as timing of the CSF culture on the same day as the blood culture, were associated with increased odds of blood-CSF culture pair concordance-odds ratio = 3.87 (95% confidence interval; 2.59-5.78) and 6.11 (2.81-13.24), respectively.

CONCLUSION: The frequency of blood-CSF culture pair concordance is related to organism type and to the timing of the CSF culture in relation to the blood culture.
An HST/COS survey of molecular hydrogen in DLAs & sub-DLAs at z < 1: Molecular fraction and excitation temperature
Creators: name: Muzahid, Sowgat
name: Srianand, Raghunathan
name: Charlton, Jane
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of a systematic search for molecular hydrogen (H2) in low redshift ($ 0.05 \lesssim z \lesssim 0.7$) DLAs and sub-DLAs with $N(HI) \gtrsim 10^{19.0}$ cm$^{-2}$, in the archival HST/COS spectra. Our core sample is comprised of 27 systems with a median $\log N(HI) = 19.6$. On the average, our survey is sensitive down to $\log N(H2) = 14.4$ corresponding to a molecular fraction of $\log f_{H2} = -4.9$ at the median $N(HI)$. H2 is detected in 10 cases (3/5 DLAs and 7/22 sub-DLAs) down to this $f_{H2}$ limit. The H2 detection rate of $50^{+25}_{-12}$ percent seen in our sample, is a factor of $\gtrsim 2$ higher than that of the high-$z$ sample of Noterdaeme et al. (2008), for systems with $N(H2) > 10^{14.4}$ cm$^{-2}$. In spite of having $N(HI)$ values typically lower by a factor of 10, low-$z$ H2 systems show molecular fractions ($\log f_{H2}=-1.93\pm0.63$) that are comparable to the high-$z$ sample. The rotational excitation temperatures ($T_{01} = 133\pm55$ K), as measured in our low-$z$ sample, are typically consistent with high-$z$ measurements. Simple photoionization models favour a radiation field much weaker than the mean Galactic ISM field for a particle density in the range 10 - 100 cm$^{-3}$. The impact parameters of the identified host-galaxy candidates are in the range $10 \lesssim ρ$ (kpc) $\lesssim 80$. We, therefore, conjecture that the low-$z$ H2 bearing gas is not related to star-forming disks but stems from self-shielded, tidally stripped or ejected disk-material in the extended halo.
description: Published in the MNRAS (Definitive version at: http://mnras.oxfordjournals.org/content/448/3/2840.full?keytype=ref&ijkey=wgV8z9RldXtPf3r)
Coupled or not coupled, that is the question. An hint on the disc mass
Creators: name: Veronesi, Benedetta
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018

description: Recent high resolution and high sensitivity observations of protoplanetary discs are showing us peculiar substructures, such as spirals, gaps and horseshoes. Disc instabilities and planets have been proposed to be responsible for their formation. However, their origin is still very debated, in particular it is not clear how their shape depends on the disc mass and on the coupling between the gas and the dust component of the disc. I will present the results of our hydrodynamical modeling of the protoplanetary disc HD135344B (Garufi et al. 2013, van der Marel et al. 2016), that shows a distinctive spiral structure in scattered light and an asymmetric horseshoe in the dust continuum. We performed hydrodynamical and Monte Carlo Radiative Transfer simulations of a protoplanetary disc with two embedded planets, varying the total gas mass of the disc. Furthermore, I will present preliminary results in order to find if it is possible to estimate the total disc mass in protoplanetary discs by the combined hydrodynamical modeling of planet-induced disc substructures observed in scattered light (micron-sized grains) and in the dust continuum (mm-sized grains).
Understanding the spin evolution of classical TTauri stars
Creators: name: Zanni, Claudio
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018

description: The spin evolution of classical TTauri stars (CTTS) represents a puzzling problem. Since they are still contracting and accreting, these protostars would be expected to spin-up at breakup speed in a few million years. On the other hand, as soon as they emerge from the Class 0-I embedded phases, they are observed to rotate with periods between 1-10 days, well below their breakup limit. In addition, the evolution of the rotational distribution in open clusters of different ages suggests that TTauri stars do not dramatically spin up as long as they are surrounded by their accretion disks. An efficient spin-down mechanism is required to explain the spin evolution of CTTS. This poster presents a brief review of different mechanisms associated with the magnetic star-disk interaction that could determine the spin evolution of accreting pre-main-sequence stars. A suitable torque parametrization derived from numerical models can be used to compute the long-term evolution of stellar rotation. These results can provide different constraints to the models and shed light on our current understanding of the star-disk interaction process.
Studies of Transverse Momentum Dependent Parton Distributions and Bessel Weighting
Creators: name: Aghasyan, M.
name: Avakian, H.
name: De Sanctis, E.
name: Gamberg, L.
name: Mirazita, M.
name: Musch, B.
name: Prokudin, A.
name: Rossi, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we present a new technique for analysis of transverse momentum dependent parton distribution functions, based on the Bessel weighting formalism. The procedure is applied to studies of the double longitudinal spin asymmetry in semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering using a new dedicated Monte Carlo generator which includes quark intrinsic transverse momentum within the generalized parton model. Using a fully differential cross section for the process, the effect of four momentum conservation is analyzed using various input models for transverse momentum distributions and fragmentation functions. We observe a few percent systematic offset of the Bessel-weighted asymmetry obtained from Monte Carlo extraction compared to input model calculations, which is due to the limitations imposed by the energy and momentum conservation at the given energy/Q2. We find that the Bessel weighting technique provides a powerful and reliable tool to study the Fourier transform of TMDs with controlled systematics due to experimental acceptances and resolutions with different TMD model inputs.
description: 30 pages, 8 figures, enhanced discussion and interpretation of results, new section on errors with an appendix, added references. Accepted for publication in JHEP
O papel da educação na formação social do indivíduo
Creators: name: Silva, Maria Dayne Apolinario da
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Educação
formação social
aprendizagem

description: O presente artigo tem como objetivo principal trazer luz sobre o papel da educação na formação do indivíduo, e para isso irá utilizar matérias bibliográficos e referências de autores para relatar sobre o tema e trazer conceitos sucintos sobre indivíduo, formação social, educação, processo de aprendizagem, além de relatar o papel da educação na formação sociocultural do homem.. Afim de produzir uma análise bibliográfica sobre o tema, e buscar entender como acontece o processo de formação social através educação e explicar o processo de aprendizagem.
Modeling the loss of inner belt protons by magnetic field line curvature scattering
Creators: name: Weichao, Tu
name: Cowee, M
name: Liu, K
Publisher: name: Auburn University
Year: 2014

description: The sudden loss of energetic protons in the inner radiation belt has been observed during geomagnetic storms. It is hypothesized that this sudden loss occurs because of changes in the geomagnetic field configuration which lead to a breakdown of the first adiabatic invariant, mu, in a process called magnetic field line curvature scattering or mu scattering. Comparison of observations to various analytic model predictions for mu scattering induced loss has, however, yielded discrepancies. To better understand how well the analytic models predict the proton loss, test particle simulations are carried out for various magnetic field configurations. Although our simulation results agree well with the analytic models for single-scattering events, the results after cumulative mu scattering can show significant disagreement with the theoretical predictions based on analytic models. In particular, we find the assumption that protons with predicted initial delta mu/mu 0.01 or epsilon > 0.1 are ultimately lost overestimates the proton loss. Based on the test particle simulation results, we develop a new empirical model, called the epsilon-onset model, to predict the minimum value of e at which all protons of a given pitch angle and energy can be assumed to be lost due to mu scattering. By applying our epsilon-onset model as the variable cutoff condition between trapping and detrapping, we obtain very good agreement between theoretical predictions and the simulation results for a range of Kp, suggesting that the epsilon-onset model can potentially serve as an easy-to-use and more reliable predictor of inner belt proton loss due to mu scattering than the previously used fixed-valued cutoff conditions.
Dataverse@unimi: un percorso di crescita graduale e costante
Creators: name: Galimberti, Paola
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Breve descrizione del percorso e delle attività che hanno portato alla creazione e sviluppo del repository per i dati della ricerca dell'Università degli studi di Milano.

Brief description of the path and activities that led to the creation and development of the repository for research data at the University of Milan
Semiclassical quantization of nonadiabatic systems with hopping periodic orbits
Creators: name: Fujii, Mikiya
name: Yamashita, Koichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a semiclassical quantization condition, i.e., quantum-classical correspondence, for steady states of nonadiabatic systems consisting of fast and slow degrees of freedom (DOFs) by extending Gutzwiller's trace formula to a nonadiabatic form. The quantum-classical correspondence indicates that a set of primitive hopping periodic orbits, which are invariant under time evolution in the phase space of the slow DOF, should be quantized. The semiclassical quantization is then applied to a simple nonadiabatic model and accurately reproduces exact quantum energy levels. In addition to the semiclassical quantization condition, we also discuss chaotic dynamics involved in the classical limit of nonadiabatic dynamics.
description: Submitted to JCP
Neurotechnologies : the new frontier for international governance
Creators: name: Chavarriaga, Ricardo
name: Rickli, Jean-Marc
name: Mantellassi, Federico
Publisher: name: Geneva Centre for Security Policy
Year: 2023
Subjects: Neurotechnology
Governance
Human rights
Responsible innovation
Artificial Intelligence
Privacy
Neuroscience
Ethics
006: Spezielle Computerverfahren

description: Key points
• Advances in neuroscience and artificial intelligence (AI) are leading to the rapid development of neurotechnologies that are giving us unprecedented access to and understanding of our brains. With this comes the capability to decode, alter or enhance targeted cognitive processes.
• Broad positive medical applications stem from this, such as the potential curing of mental disorders, or the regaining of lost mobility through
the operation of new-age prosthetics controlled with brain-computer interfaces. However, access to mental processes presents us with unprecedented privacy, ethical and security risks.
• New governance frameworks to govern the development and use of neurotechnologies are required to ensure the risks stemming from these new technologies are mitigated before their broad adoption.
• These governance frameworks should be participatory, flexible, global, inclusive, multilateral and multistakeholder. Given the heterogeneity of the technologies in question, their applications and the actors involved in the field, the seamless integration of different governance instruments could be necessary. Additionally, these efforts should not be siloed from governance in seemingly separate – but converging – technological fields such as AI.
title: Geschlechtskonstruktionen in Gilead. Macht, Männlichkeit und Gender in Margaret Atwoods Werken „The Handmaid’s Tale“ und „The Testaments“
Creators: name: Martens, Laura
Year: 2022

description: Die vorliegende Masterarbeit beschäftigt sich mit der Frage nach Konzeptionen von Geschlechterkategorien in Margaret Atwoods Werken „The Handmaid’s Tale“ und „The Testaments“. Eine Auswahl an Geschlechterkategorien in den Romanen wird auf deren Verbindung und Verstrickung mit und in Hinblick auf Konzepte von Männlichkeit, Macht und Herrschaft untersucht. Dabei wird ein besonderer Fokus auf Ausführungen hegemonialer, untergeordneter, komplizenhafter und marginalisierter Männlichkeiten nach R. Connell gelegt und analysiert, wo diese auch von nicht-männlich konzipierten Figuren ausgeübt werden. Die Methoden zur Untersuchung entstammen aus der literaturwissenschaftlichen Analyse von Nünning & Nünning sowie der feministischen Narratologie nach Sniader Lanser und Warhol. Die Arbeit versucht sich an einer Beantwortung von Fragen nach der Einteilung in Geschlechtskategorien wie weiblich, männlich oder geschlechtsneutral und einer Beobachtung daran, wo von diesen Geschlechterkategorien ausgehend Macht- und Herrschaftslinien in patriarchaler Richtung verlaufen.
description: This master’s thesis deals with questions concerning the conception of various categories of gender in Margaret Atwood’s “The Handmaid’s Tale” and “The Testaments”. A selection of different categories of gender is analysed in terms of their connection to and interdependence with concepts of masculinity, power and domination. A special focus lies on demonstrations of hegemonic, subordinated, complicit and marginalised masculinities and how they are enacted by non-male characters. The methods used for analysis are taken from one of the standard works of literary studies by Nünning & Nünning and from another one of feminist narratology by Sniader Lanser & Warhol. This thesis tries to answer questions of classifications into categories of gender, be it female, male or gender-neutral, and looking at those, tries to determine where structures of power and domination are exercised and wielded coming from these categories of gender, going in patriarchal directions.
Prognosis of Children With HIV-1 Infection Starting Antiretroviral Therapy in Southern Africa: A Collaborative Analysis of Treatment Programs
Creators: name: Eley, Brian
name: Bolton-Moore, Carolyn
name: Davies, Mary-Ann
name: Technau, Karl-Günter
name: Moultrie, Harry
name: Garone, Daniela
name: Phiri, Sam
name: Giddy, Janet
name: Ndirangu, James
name: Egger, Matthias
name: Chimbetete, Cleophas
name: Keiser, Olivia
name: Rabie, Helena
name: Wood, Robin
name: Boulle, Andrew
name: May, Margaret
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Prognostic models for children starting antiretroviral therapy (ART) in Africa are lacking. We developed models to estimate the probability of death during the first year receiving ART in Southern Africa.
Foreshock wave interaction with the magnetopause: Signatures of mode conversion
Creators: name: Feng, Shi
name: Cheng, Lei
name: Lin, Yu
name: Wang, Xueyi
Publisher: name: Auburn University
Year: 2017

description: Our previous hybrid simulation (Shi et al., 2013) under a radial interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) and a supercritical solar wind Mach number has shown that foreshock compressional waves originated from the quasi-parallel (Q-parallel to) shock are mode converted to kinetic Alfven waves (KAWs) at the Alfven resonance surface of the subsolar magnetopause. In this paper, three-dimensional global dayside mode conversion is investigated for cases under various solar wind conditions using the global hybrid model. The global patterns and propagations of KAWs are distinguished and presented. Under a near-critical Mach number (M-A = 3), KAW structures due to mode conversion exhibit a feature of broader excitation regions in the magnetopause boundary layer (MPBL) compared to supercritical Mach number (M-A = 5) shocks. For cases with an oblique IMF with supercritical Mach numbers (M-A = 5), the amplitude of magnetosheath compressional waves is larger at the quasi-parallel shock (Q-parallel to) than at the quasi-perpendicular (Q-perpendicular to) shock. Downstream of the Q-parallel to shock, there is a general trend that the perturbations of density (N) and magnetic field (B) change from predominantly in-phase in the magnetosheath to antiphase near the MPBL. While downstream of the Q-perpendicular to shock, an antiphase relation between N and B is dominant throughout the magnetosheath and magnetopause except near the shock transition. The compressional drivers are found to reach an extended region of the magnetopause due to the combined effects of wave propagation in the plasma frame and flow convection, leading to a broad region of mode conversion at the magnetopause. Subsequently, the resulting KAWs can be carried to the regions downstream of the Q-perpendicular to shock owing to the flow convection at the magnetopause. The KAWs propagate poleward along the geomagnetic field lines and meanwhile are carried tailward by the ambient flows, and they are more intense in the downstream of Q-parallel to shocks than downstream of Q-perpendicular to shocks.
title: Firms’ inflation expectations and price-setting behaviour in Canada: Evidence from a business survey
Creators: name: Asghar, Ramisha
name: Fudurich, James
name: Voll, Jane
Publisher: name: Bank of Canada
Year: 2023

description: Canadian firms’ expectations for high inflation may be influencing their price setting, supporting strong price growth and delays in the transmission of monetary policy. Using data from the Business Outlook Survey, we investigate the reasons behind widespread price growth seen in Canada in 2021 and early 2022.
description: Les entreprises canadiennes pourraient être influencées par leurs attentes d’inflation élevées lorsqu’elles fixent leurs prix, favorisant ainsi une forte croissance des prix et des retards de transmission de la politique monétaire. À partir de données de l’enquête sur les perspectives des entreprises, nous analysons les raisons derrière la hausse généralisée des prix observée au Canada en 2021 et au début de 2022.
ROLE OF MUTANT VAPB IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS: GAIN OR LOSS OF FUNCTION?
Creators: name: GENEVINI, PAOLA
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2016

description: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease characterized by degeneration of motorneurons leading to progressive paralysis and eventually death due to respiratory failure. So far, no effective treatments are available for this devastating disease. Interestingly, genetic forms of ALS show the same pathological alterations observed in the most frequent sporadic cases. For this reason, studying the role of single disease causing mutations is important to gain insight into the pathophysiological events that lead to disease development. Ten years ago a mutation in the gene encoding for VAPB was associated with a dominantly inherited form of ALS (termed ALS8). Moreover, sporadic ALS patients have reduced levels of the endogenous protein. VAPB belongs, along with its homologue VAPA, to the VAP protein family: ER resident tail anchored proteins that, thanks to their binding partners, are involved in several cellular functions like lipid transport, ER stress and membrane contact site formation. The ALS-associated mutation P56S dramatically alters VAPB structure, thus preventing the binding to its physiological interactors and causing its aggregation. The cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying pathogenicity of mutant VAPB are still poorly understood. It is still unclear whether P56S-VAPB-generated inclusions exert a direct toxic function or whether reduced levels of the wt protein are sufficient to trigger the disease. An intermediate situation, where both mechanisms contribute to ALS development, could also be possible. The aim of my thesis is to analyze the contribution of mutant VAPB gain or loss of function in the development of ALS. To reach this goal, I used two complementary approaches: I analyzed cellular models that either express moderate levels of P56S-VAPB or have reduced levels of the endogenous protein. Our findings would be relevant not only to understand the pathogenesis of ALS8, but also for forms of sporadic ALS, in which VAPB levels are reduced.
Current-induced spin torque resonance of magnetic insulators affected by field-like spin-orbit torques and out-of-plane magnetizations
Creators: name: Chiba, Takahiro
name: Schreier, Michael
name: Bauer, Gerrit E. W.
name: Takahashi, Saburo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spin-torque ferromagnetic resonance (ST-FMR) in a bilayer system consisting of a magnetic insulator such as Y3Fe5O12 and a normal metal with spin-orbit interaction such as Pt is addressed theoretically. We model the ST-FMR for all magnetization directions and in the presence of field-like spin-orbit torques based on the drift-diffusion spin model and quantum mechanical boundary conditions. ST-FMR experiments may expose crucial information about the spin-orbit coupling between currents and magnetization in the bilayers.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures
Indización de documentos según Metodología LILACS 2017: 06 - Calificadores más utilizados y casos especiales
Creators: name: BIREME/OPS/OMS
name: Conceição, Anália da
name: Suga, Sueli Mitiko Yano
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Indizacion de documentos
subject: Metodologia LILACS
subject: https://decs.bvsalud.org/ths/resource/?id=56243
subject: https://decs.bvsalud.org/ths/resource/?id=46

description: Sesión 6 | 31 de Agosto de 2017 Tema: Indización según Metodología LILACS: Calificadores más utilizados y casos especiales Forum: https://groups.google.com/d/forum/red-bvs
Tuberculosis Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome in Children Initiating Antiretroviral Therapy for HIV Infection: A Systematic Literature Review
Creators: name: Link-Gelles, Ruth
name: Sawry, Shobna
name: Murdoch, David
name: Van Rie, Annelies
name: Moultrie, Harry
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: People with HIV initiating combination antiretroviral therapy are at risk for tuberculosis-associated immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (TB-IRIS). While this syndrome has been well researched in adults, little is known about the incidence, case fatality, underlying immunopathology and treatment approaches in children.
Next to subleading soft-graviton theorem in arbitrary dimensions
Creators: name: Kalousios, Chrysostomos
name: Rojas, Francisco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the soft graviton theorem recently proposed by Cachazo and Strominger. We employ the Cachazo, He and Yuan formalism to show that the next to subleading order soft factor for gravity is universal at tree level in arbitrary dimensions.
description: 14 pages; v2: references added, typos corrected
Irreducible Generic Gelfand-Tsetlin Modules of $\mathfrak{gl}(n)$
Creators: name: Futorny, Vyacheslav
name: Grantcharov, Dimitar
name: Ramirez, Luis Enrique
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 17B67

description: We provide a classification and explicit bases of tableaux of all irreducible generic Gelfand-Tsetlin modules for the Lie algebra $\mathfrak{gl}(n)$.
Use Of Xpert For The Diagnosis Of Pulmonary Tuberculosis In Severely Malnourished Hospitalized Malawian Children
Creators: name: Hosseinipour, Mina C.
name: McCrary, Leah M.
name: James, Grace
name: Chester, Frances M.
name: Arscott-Mills, Tonya
name: Maliwichi, Madalitso
name: Preidis, Geoffrey
name: McCollum, Eric D.
name: LaCourse, Sylvia M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Pulmonary tuberculosis contributes to increased morbidity and mortality in severely malnourished children in endemic settings. Despite high clinical suspicion, few tuberculosis prevalence estimates exist in malnourished African children. Diagnostics such as Xpert MTB/RIF may help to determine pulmonary tuberculosis prevalence, however its performance in severely malnourished children is largely unknown.
Fatigue in young patients with acquired brain injury in the rehabilitation setting: Categorizing and interpreting fatigue severity levels
Creators: name: Allonsius, Florian
name: van Markus-Doornbosch, Frederike
name: de Kloet, Arend
name: Lambregts, Suzanne
name: Vlieland, Thea Vliet
name: van der Holst, Menno
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Fatigue in patients with acquired brain injury (ABI) is common. However, to better target fatigue, clear ways to categorize/interpret fatigue-severity in individual patients are lacking. This study aims to determine/categorize fatigue severity among children, adolescents, and young adults with ABI. This cross-sectional study included young patients admitted to outpatient rehabilitation and their parents. To determine fatigue, the PedsQL™Multidimensional-Fatigue-Scale was used (MFS, scores 0–100, lower scores = higher fatigue, patient-/parent-reported). Based on scores from a reference population, four categories were formed: “1 = no/little fatigued” to “4 = severely-more fatigued.” All scores were lower than those from the reference population, with comparisons in the adolescent and young adult groups reaching statistical significance (p < .05). The proportions of patients in category 4 were: 9%/50%/58% among children/adolescents/young adults, showing that many patients were “severely-more fatigued”-than the reference population. Measuring fatigue and categorizing fatigue severity looks promising for clinical practice and could help to better target fatigue.
Bulk NaI(Tl) scintillation low energy events selection with the ANAIS-0 module
Creators: name: Cuesta, C.
name: Amaré, J.
name: Cebrián, S.
name: García, E.
name: Ginestra, C.
name: Martínez, M.
name: Oliván, M. A.
name: Ortigoza, Y.
name: de Solórzano, A. Ortiz
name: Pobes, C.
name: Puimedón, J.
name: Sarsa, M. L.
name: Villar, J. A.
name: Villar, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dark matter particles scattering off some target nuclei are expected to deposit very small energies in form of nuclear recoils (below 100 keV). Because of the low scintillation efficiency for nuclear recoils vs. electron recoils, in most of the scintillating targets considered in the search for dark matter, the region below 10 keVee concentrates most of the expected dark matter signal. For this reason, very low energy threshold (at or below 2 keVee) and very low background are required. This is the case of the ANAIS (Annual modulation with NaI Scintillators) experiment. A good knowledge of the detector response function for real scintillation events, a good characterization of other anomalous or noise event populations contributing in that energy range, and the development of convenient filtering procedures for the latter are mandatory to achieve the required low background at such a low energy. In this work we will present the specific protocols developed to select bulk scintillation events in NaI(Tl), and its application to data obtained with the ANAIS-0 prototype. Slight differences in time constants are expected in scintillation pulses produced by nuclear or electron recoils in NaI(Tl), so in order to analyze the effect of these filtering procedures in the case of a recoil population attributable to dark matter, data from a neutron calibration have been used.
description: 13 pages, 22 figures
Asymmetric Accretion Flows within a Common Envelope
Creators: name: MacLeod, Morgan
name: Ramirez-Ruiz, Enrico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper examines flows in the immediate vicinity of stars and compact objects dynamically inspiralling within a common envelope (CE). Flow in the vicinity of the embedded object is gravitationally focused leading to drag and potential to gas accretion. This process has been studied numerically and analytically in the context of Hoyle-Lyttleton accretion (HLA). Yet, within a CE, accretion structures may span a large fraction of the envelope radius, and in so doing sweep across a substantial radial gradient of density. We quantify these gradients using detailed stellar evolution models for a range of CE encounters. We provide estimates of typical scales in CE encounters that involve main sequence stars, white dwarfs, neutron stars, and black holes with giant-branch companions of a wide range of masses. We apply these typical scales to hydrodynamic simulations of 3D HLA with an upstream density gradient. This density gradient breaks the symmetry that defines HLA flow, and imposes an angular momentum barrier to accretion. Material that is focused into the vicinity of the embedded object thus may not be able to accrete. As a result, accretion rates drop dramatically, by 1-2 orders of magnitude, while drag rates are only mildly affected. We provide fitting formulae to the numerically-derived rates of drag and accretion as a function of the density gradient. The reduced ratio of accretion to drag suggests that objects that can efficiently gain mass during CE evolution, such as black holes and neutron stars, may grow less than implied by the HLA formalism.
description: Revisions following referee report, ApJ accepted
Rayleigh's dissipation function at work
Creators: name: Minguzzi, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that the Rayleigh's dissipation function can be successfully applied in the solution of mechanical problems involving friction non-linear in the velocities. Through the study of surfaces at contact we arrive at a simple integral expression which gives directly the Rayleigh dissipation function in terms of generalized coordinates. In this way the solutions of Lagrangian problems with friction are reduced to often elementary calculations of the kinetic energy, the potential energy and the Rayleigh dissipation function. Some examples of pedagogical interest are given.
description: 5 pages, Revtex4. v2: added two remarks and some references
title: Wahrnehmungsförderung in der Psychomotorik
Creators: name: Pfeiffermann, Julia
Year: 2022

description: In dieser Master Thesis geht es um die Wahrnehmungsförderung bei Kindern. Dazu wurde ein Konzept entwickelt welches aus acht Fördereinheiten besteht. Jede Fördereinheit hat einen anderen Wahrnehmungsbereich als Schwerpunkt. Da die Wahrnehmung laut Zimmer (2019b) ein ganzheitlicher Prozess ist, werden in den Fördereinheiten nicht nur die Bereiche der Wahrnemung gefördert, auf denen der Schwerpunkt liegt, sondern auch die anderen Bereiche der Wahrnehmung. Zwei Screeningeineheitenn komplementieren das Konzept. Das Hobby Horse wird als Medium für das psychomotorische Setting verwendet, um den Kindern die Möglichkeit zu geben, sich spielerisch mit den geforderten Aufgaben auseinandersetzenn zu können. Im ersten Teil der Arbeit geht es um die theoretischen Grundlagen der Wahrnehmung und warum die Wahrnehmung eine wichtige Rolle spielt. Des Weiteren werden Begriffe, welche für diese Arbeit von Bedeutung sind, definiert und erklärt. Der Praxisteil besteht, wie bereits erwähnt, aus dem Förderkonzept und beinhaltet ein genaues Stundenbild sowie die Erklärung der einzelen Übungen und Spielen. Diverse Vorlagen, welche für die Durchführung benötigt werden, finden sich in dieser Arbeit wieder.
description: This masters thesis is about perception. For this purpose, a concept was developed which consists of eight units. Each unit focus a different cognition. Based on the fact, that percep-tion is holistic process according to Zimmer (2019b), not only the focused areas of cognition are promoted in the remedial units, also the other domains of senses. Two review sessions complete the concept. The hobby horse is used as a medium for the psychomotor function to give the children the possibility to deal with the required tasks in a effortlessly way. The first part covers the thesis about theoretical basics of cognition and treats with the im-portant role of cognition. Furthermore, important terms relating for this assignment are de-fined and explained. As already mentioned, the practical part consists of the mission state-ment and includes a exact lessons plan as well as an explanation of the individual practice and games. Various templates which are required for the execution can be found in this thesis.
Vancomycin Cerebrospinal Fluid Pharmacokinetics in Children with Cerebral Ventricular Shunt Infections
Creators: name: Autmizguine, Julie
name: Benjamin, Daniel K.
name: Capparelli, Edmund V.
name: Cohen-Wolkowiez, Michael
name: Smith, P. Brian
name: Watt, Kevin M.
name: Grant, Gerald A
name: Gonzalez, Daniel
name: Moran, Cassie
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: This study described the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) exposure of vancomycin in 8 children prescribed intravenous vancomycin therapy for cerebral ventricular shunt infection. Vancomycin CSF concentrations ranged from 0.06 to 9.13 mg/L and the CSF: plasma ratio ranged from 0 to 0.66. Two children out of three with a staphylococcal CSF infection had CSF concentrations > minimal inhibitory concentration at the end of the dosing interval.
The Nonlinear Ohm's Law: Plasma Heating by Strong Electric Fields and its Effects on the Ionization Balance in Protoplanetary Disks
Creators: name: Okuzumi, Satoshi
name: Inutsuka, Shu-ichiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ionization state of the gas plays a key role in the MHD of protoplanetary disks. However, the ionization state can depend on the gas dynamics, because electric fields induced by MHD turbulence can heat up plasmas and thereby affect the ionization balance. To study this nonlinear feedback, we construct an ionization model that includes plasma heating by electric fields and impact ionization by heated electrons, as well as charging of dust grains. We show that when plasma sticking onto grains is the dominant recombination process, the electron abundance in the gas decreases with increasing electric field strength. This is a natural consequence of electron-grain collisions whose frequency increases with electron's random velocity. The decreasing electron abundance may lead to a self-regulation of MHD turbulence. In some cases, not only the electron abundance but also the electric current decreases with increasing field strength in a certain field range. The resulting N-shaped current--field relation violates the fundamental assumption of the non-relativistic MHD that the electric field is uniquely determined by the current density. At even higher field strengths, impact ionization causes an abrupt increase of the electric current as expected by previous studies. We find that this discharge current is multi-valued (i.e., the current--field relation is S-shaped) under some circumstances, and that the intermediate branch is unstable. The N/S-shaped current--field relations may yield hysteresis in the evolution of MHD turbulence in some parts of protoplanetary disks.
description: 19 pages, 16 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
The Effect of Early Life Antibiotic Exposures on Diarrheal Rates Among Young Children in Vellore, India
Creators: name: Meshnick, Steven R.
name: Sandler, Robert S.
name: Kattula, Deepthi
name: Sarkar, Rajiv
name: Westreich, Daniel
name: Adair, Linda S.
name: Ward, Honorine D.
name: Kang, Gagandeep
name: Rogawski, Elizabeth T.
name: Becker-Dreps, Sylvia
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Antibiotic treatment of childhood illnesses is common in India. In addition to contributing to antimicrobial resistance, antibiotics might result in increased susceptibility to diarrhea through interactions with the gastrointestinal microbiota. Breast milk, which enriches the microbiota early in life, may increase the resilience of the microbiota against perturbations by antibiotics.
A comparison of batch effect removal methods for enhancement of prediction performance using MAQC-II microarray gene expression data
Creators: name: Deng, Y
name: Herman, D
name: Sanoudou, D
name: Shi, L
name: Liu, G
name: Zhao, C
name: Lin, S
name: Tong, W
name: Shi, W
name: Schumacher, M
name: Tillinghast, G
name: Li, Y
name: Bushel, P
name: Megherbi, D
name: Davison, T
name: Thomas, R
name: Woods, M
name: Elloumi, F
name: Shi, T
name: Zhang, J
name: Luo, J
name: Fang, H
name: Zhou, Y
name: Hong, H
name: Scherer, A
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Batch effects are the systematic non-biological differences between batches (groups) of samples in microarray experiments due to various causes such as differences in sample preparation and hybridization protocols. Previous work focused mainly on the development of methods for effective batch effects removal. However, their impact on cross-batch prediction performance, which is one of the most important goals in microarray-based applications, has not been addressed. This paper uses a broad selection of data sets from the Microarray Quality Control Phase II (MAQC-II) effort, generated on three microarray platforms with different causes of batch effects to assess the efficacy of their removal. Two data sets from cross-tissue and cross-platform experiments are also included. Of the 120 cases studied using Support vector machines (SVM) and K nearest neighbors (KNN) as classifiers and Matthews correlation coefficient (MCC) as performance metric, we find that Ratio-G, Ratio-A, EJLR, mean-centering and standardization methods perform better or equivalent to no batch effect removal in 89, 85, 83, 79 and 75% of the cases, respectively, suggesting that the application of these methods is generally advisable and ratio-based methods are preferred.
Fatigue in young patients with acquired brain injury in the rehabilitation setting: Categorizing and interpreting fatigue severity levels
Creators: name: Allonsius, Florian
name: van Markus-Doornbosch, F.
name: de Kloet, A.J.
name: Lambregts, Suzanne
name: Vlieland, Thea Vliet
name: van der Holst, M.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Fatigue in patients with acquired brain injury (ABI) is common. However, to better target fatigue, clear ways to categorize/interpret fatigue-severity in individual patients are lacking. This study aims to determine/categorize fatigue severity among children, adolescents, and young adults with ABI. This cross-sectional study included young patients admitted to outpatient rehabilitation and their parents. To determine fatigue, the PedsQL™Multidimensional-Fatigue-Scale was used (MFS, scores 0–100, lower scores = higher fatigue, patient-/parent-reported). Based on scores from a reference population, four categories were formed: “1 = no/little fatigued” to “4 = severely-more fatigued.” All scores were lower than those from the reference population, with comparisons in the adolescent and young adult groups reaching statistical significance (p < .05). The proportions of patients in category 4 were: 9%/50%/58% among children/adolescents/young adults, showing that many patients were “severely-more fatigued”-than the reference population. Measuring fatigue and categorizing fatigue severity looks promising for clinical practice and could help to better target fatigue.
A genomic map of the effects of linked selection in Drosophila
Creators: name: Elyashiv, Eyal
name: Sattath, Shmuel
name: Hu, Tina T.
name: Strustovsky, Alon
name: McVicker, Graham
name: Andolfatto, Peter
name: Coop, Graham
name: Sella, Guy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Natural selection at one site shapes patterns of genetic variation at linked sites. Quantifying the effects of 'linked selection' on levels of genetic diversity is key to making reliable inference about demography, building a null model in scans for targets of adaptation, and learning about the dynamics of natural selection. Here, we introduce the first method that jointly infers parameters of distinct modes of linked selection, notably background selection and selective sweeps, from genome-wide diversity data, functional annotations and genetic maps. The central idea is to calculate the probability that a neutral site is polymorphic given local annotations, substitution patterns, and recombination rates. Information is then combined across sites and samples using composite likelihood in order to estimate genome-wide parameters of distinct modes of selection. In addition to parameter estimation, this approach yields a map of the expected neutral diversity levels along the genome. To illustrate the utility of our approach, we apply it to genome-wide resequencing data from 125 lines in Drosophila melanogaster and reliably predict diversity levels at the 1Mb scale. Our results corroborate estimates of a high fraction of beneficial substitutions in proteins and untranslated regions (UTR). They allow us to distinguish between the contribution of sweeps and other modes of selection around amino acid substitutions and to uncover evidence for pervasive sweeps in untranslated regions (UTRs). Our inference further suggests a substantial effect of linked selection from non-classic sweeps. More generally, we demonstrate that linked selection has had a larger effect in reducing diversity levels and increasing their variance in D. melanogaster than previously appreciated.
The MicroArray Quality Control (MAQC)-II study of common practices for the development and validation of microarray-based predictive models
Creators: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Gene expression data from microarrays are being applied to predict preclinical and clinical endpoints, but the reliability of these predictions has not been established. In the MAQC-II project, 36 independent teams analyzed six microarray data sets to generate predictive models for classifying a sample with respect to one of 13 endpoints indicative of lung or liver toxicity in rodents, or of breast cancer, multiple myeloma or neuroblastoma in humans. In total, >30,000 models were built using many combinations of analytical methods. The teams generated predictive models without knowing the biological meaning of some of the endpoints and, to mimic clinical reality, tested the models on data that had not been used for training. We found that model performance depended largely on the endpoint and team proficiency and that different approaches generated models of similar performance. The conclusions and recommendations from MAQC-II should be useful for regulatory agencies, study committees and independent investigators that evaluate methods for global gene expression analysis.