cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
On the origin of magnetic anisotropy in two dimensional CrI$_3$
Creators: name: Lado, J. L.
name: Fernández-Rossier, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The observation of ferromagnetic order in a monolayer of CrI$_3$ has been recently reported, with a Curie temperature of 45 Kelvin and off-plane easy axis. Here we study the origin of magnetic anisotropy, a necessary ingredient to have magnetic order in two dimensions, combining two levels of modeling, density functional calculations and spin model Hamiltonians. We find two different contributions to the magnetic anisotropy of the material, both favoring off-plane magnetization and contributing to open a gap in the spin wave spectrum. First, ferromagnetic super-exchange across the $\simeq $ 90 degree Cr-I-Cr bonds, are anisotropic, due to the spin orbit interaction of the ligand I atoms. Second, a much smaller contribution that comes from the single ion anisotropy of the $S=3/2$ Cr atom. Our results permit to establish the XXZ Hamiltonian, with a very small single ion anisotropy, as the adequate spin model for this system. Using spin wave theory we estimate the Curie temperature and we highlight the essential role played by the gap that magnetic anisotropy induces on the magnon spectrum.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
Clean Floquet Time Crystals: Models and Realizations in Cold Atoms
Creators: name: Huang, Biao
name: Wu, Ying-Hai
name: Liu, W. Vincent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Time crystals, a phase showing spontaneous breaking of time-translation symmetry, has been an intriguing subject for systems far away from equilibrium. Recent experiments found such a phase both in the presence and absence of localization, while in theories localization by disorder is usually assumed a priori. In this work, we point out that time crystals can generally exist in systems without disorder. A series of clean quasi-one-dimensional models under Floquet driving are proposed to demonstrate this unexpected result in principle. Robust time crystalline orders are found in the strongly interacting regime along with the emergent integrals of motion in the dynamical system, which can be characterized by level statistics and the out-of-time-ordered correlators. We propose two cold atom experimental schemes to realize the clean Floquet time crystals, one by making use of dipolar gases and another by synthetic dimensions.
description: 6+8 pages, 4 figures, updated figures and contents
Encoding orbital angular momentum of light in magnets
Creators: name: Fujita, Hiroyuki
name: Sato, Masahiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Breaking the diffraction limit and focusing laser beams to subwavelength scale are becoming possible with the help of recent developments in plasmonics. Such subwavelength focusing bridges different length scales of laser beams and matter. Here we consider optical vortex, or laser beam carrying orbital angular momentum (OAM) and discuss potential subwavelength magnetic phenomena induced by such laser. On the basis of numerical calculations using Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation, we propose two OAM-dependent phenomena induced by optical vortices, generation of radially anisotropic spin waves and generation of topological defects in chiral magnets. The former could lead to the transient topological Hall effect through the laser-induced scalar spin chirality, and the latter reduces the timescale of generating skyrmionic defects by several orders compared to other known means.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures and supplementary material
Using galaxy pairs to investigate the three-point correlation function in the squeezed limit
Creators: name: Yuan, Sihan
name: Eisenstein, Daniel J.
name: Garrison, Lehman H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the three-point correlation function (3PCF) in the squeezed limit by considering galaxy pairs as discrete objects and cross-correlating them with the galaxy field. We develop an efficient algorithm using Fast Fourier Transforms to compute such cross-correlations and their associated pair-galaxy bias bpg and the squeezed 3PCF coefficient Qeff. We implement our method using N-body cosmological simulations and a fiducial Halo Occupation Distribution (HOD) and present the results in both the real space and redshift space. In real space, we observe a peak in bpg and Qeff at pair separation of ~ 2 Mpc, attributed to the fact that galaxy pairs at 2 Mpc separation trace the most massive dark matter halos. We also see strong anisotropy in the bpg and Qeff signals that track the large-scale filamentary structure. In redshift space, both the 2 Mpc peak and the anisotropy are significantly smeared out along the line-of-sight due to Finger-of-God effect. In both the real space and redshift space, the squeezed 3PCF shows a factor of 2 variation, contradicting the hierarchical ansatz but offering rich information on the galaxy-halo connection. Thus, we explore the possibility of using the squeezed 3PCF to constrain the HOD. When we compare two simple HOD models that are closely matched in their projected two-point correlation function (2PCF), we do not yet see a strong variation in the 3PCF that is clearly disentangled from variations in the projected 2PCF. Nevertheless, we propose that more complicated HOD models, e.g. those incorporating assembly bias, can break degeneracies in the 2PCF and show a distinguishable squeezed 3PCF signal.
description: 15 pages, 14 figures, published in MNRAS
Robust Spatial Filtering with Graph Convolutional Neural Networks
Creators: name: Such, Felipe Petroski
name: Sah, Shagan
name: Dominguez, Miguel
name: Pillai, Suhas
name: Zhang, Chao
name: Michael, Andrew
name: Cahill, Nathan
name: Ptucha, Raymond
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have recently led to incredible breakthroughs on a variety of pattern recognition problems. Banks of finite impulse response filters are learned on a hierarchy of layers, each contributing more abstract information than the previous layer. The simplicity and elegance of the convolutional filtering process makes them perfect for structured problems such as image, video, or voice, where vertices are homogeneous in the sense of number, location, and strength of neighbors. The vast majority of classification problems, for example in the pharmaceutical, homeland security, and financial domains are unstructured. As these problems are formulated into unstructured graphs, the heterogeneity of these problems, such as number of vertices, number of connections per vertex, and edge strength, cannot be tackled with standard convolutional techniques. We propose a novel neural learning framework that is capable of handling both homogeneous and heterogeneous data, while retaining the benefits of traditional CNN successes. Recently, researchers have proposed variations of CNNs that can handle graph data. In an effort to create learnable filter banks of graphs, these methods either induce constraints on the data or require preprocessing. As opposed to spectral methods, our framework, which we term Graph-CNNs, defines filters as polynomials of functions of the graph adjacency matrix. Graph-CNNs can handle both heterogeneous and homogeneous graph data, including graphs having entirely different vertex or edge sets. We perform experiments to validate the applicability of Graph-CNNs to a variety of structured and unstructured classification problems and demonstrate state-of-the-art results on document and molecule classification problems.
The Effect of Strange Quark on the Chiral Symmetry Breaking in Magnetic Background in the framework of logarithmic quark-sigma model
Creators: name: Abu-Shady, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The chiral symmetry breaking in the presence of an external magnetic field is studied in the framework of logarithmic quark-sigma model with three flavors (u,d,s). The effective logarithmic mesonic potential is extended to strange quark and is numerically solved in the mean-field approximation. The present results show that the chiral symmetry breaking is sensitive for the strange quark flavour in the presence an external magnetic field. In addition, the effect of the free parameters is studied. A comparison with original sigma model is discussed.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1507.01372, arXiv:1612.02151
Quantitative error term in the counting problem on Veech wind-tree models
Creators: name: Pardo, Angel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study periodic wind-tree models, billiards in the plane endowed with $\mathbb{Z}^2$-periodically located identical connected symmetric right-angled obstacles. We exhibit effective asymptotic formulas for the number of (isotopy classes of) periodic billiard trajectories (up to $\mathbb{Z}^2$-translations) on Veech wind-tree billiards, that is, wind-tree billiards whose underlying compact translation surfaces are Veech surfaces. We show that the error term depends on spectral properties of the Veech group and give explicit estimates in the case when obstacles are squares of side length $1/2$.
description: 33 pages, 13 figures
Immortal homogeneous Ricci flows
Creators: name: Böhm, Christoph
name: Lafuente, Ramiro A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C44, 53C30

description: We show that for an immortal homogeneous Ricci flow solution any sequence of parabolic blow-downs subconverges to a homogeneous expanding Ricci soliton. This is established by constructing a new Lyapunov function based on curvature estimates which come from real geometric invariant theory.
description: Final version, to appear in Invent. Math
Light neutral CP-even Higgs boson within Next-to-Minimal Supersymmetric Standard model (NMSSM) at the Large Hadron electron Collider (LHeC)
Creators: name: Das, Siba Prasad
name: Nowakowski, Marek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the prospects of observing the light CP-even neutral Higgs bosons ($h_1$) in their decays into $b \bar b$ quarks, in the neutral and charged current production processes $e h_1 q$ and $νh_1 q$ at the upcoming LHeC, with $\sqrt s \approx 1.296$ TeV. Assuming that the intermediate Higgs boson ($h_2$) is Standard Model (SM)-like, we study the Higgs production within the framework of NMSSM. We consider the constraints from Dark-matter, Sparticle masses, and the Higgs boson data. The signal in our analysis can be classified as three jets, with electron (missing energy)coming from the neutral (charged) current interaction. We demand that the number of b-tagged jets in the central rapidity region be greater or equal to two. The remaining jet is tagged in the forward regions. With this forward jet and two $b$-tagged jets in the central region, we reconstructed three jets invariant masses. Applying some lower limits on these invariant masses turns out to be an essential criterion to enhance the signal--to--background rates, with slightly different sets of kinematical selections in the two different channels. We consider almost all reducible and irreducible SM background processes. We find that the non-SM like Higgs boson, $h_1$, would be accessible in some of the NMSSM benchmark points, at approximately 0.4$σ$ (2.5$σ$) level in the $e$+3j channel up to Higgs boson masses of 75 GeV and in the $E\!\!\!\!/_T$+3j channel could be discovered with 1.7$σ$ (2.4$σ$) level up to Higgs boson masses of 88 GeV with 100 fb$^{-1}$ of data in a simple cut-based (with optimization) selection. With ten times more data accumulation at the end of the LHeC run and using optimization, one can have 5$σ$ discovery in the electron (missing energy) channel up to 85 (more than 90) GeV.
description: 38 pages, 27 figures, version to be appeared in Phys.Rev.D
British Gallup Poll CQ 602A
Creators: name: Social Surveys (Gallup Poll) Limited
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2022

description: Government approval (1); James Callaghan job performance (1); Margaret Thatcher job performance (1); David Steel job performance (1); political party preference (2); 1974 general election (2); most important problems (2); better party to handle urgent problems (1); time for next general election (1); voter participation (1); prices and incomes policy (2); government handling wage claims (3); controlling rising prices (3); pay raises for various employers (11); party coalition as good or bad (4); party coalition support (3); influence of Liberals on government (2); radio listening habits (5); buying carpeting (2); products heard of (2); buying sewing machine (4); items owned (66); types of products (4).
Fast Space Optimal Leader Election in Population Protocols
Creators: name: Gasieniec, Leszek
name: Stachowiak, Grzegorz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The model of population protocols refers to the growing in popularity theoretical framework suitable for studying pairwise interactions within a large collection of simple indistinguishable entities, frequently called agents. In this paper the emphasis is on the space complexity in fast leader election via population protocols governed by the random scheduler, which uniformly at random selects pairwise interactions within the population of n agents. The main result of this paper is a new fast and space optimal leader election protocol. The new protocol utilises O(log^2 n) parallel time (which is equivalent to O(n log^2 n) sequential pairwise interactions), and each agent operates on O(log log n) states. This double logarithmic space usage matches asymptotically the lower bound 1/2 log log n on the minimal number of states required by agents in any leader election algorithm with the running time o(n/polylog n). Our solution takes an advantage of the concept of phase clocks, a fundamental synchronisation and coordination tool in distributed computing. We propose a new fast and robust population protocol for initialisation of phase clocks to be run simultaneously in multiple modes and intertwined with the leader election process. We also provide the reader with the relevant formal argumentation indicating that our solution is always correct, and fast with high probability.
description: 21 pages, 2 figures, published in SODA 2018 proceedings
Emptiness Problems for Distributed Automata
Creators: name: Kuusisto, Antti
name: Reiter, Fabian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Formal Languages and Automata Theory (cs.FL)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We investigate the decidability of the emptiness problem for three classes of distributed automata. These devices operate on finite directed graphs, acting as networks of identical finite-state machines that communicate in an infinite sequence of synchronous rounds. The problem is shown to be decidable in LogSpace for a class of forgetful automata, where the nodes see the messages received from their neighbors but cannot remember their own state. When restricted to the appropriate families of graphs, these forgetful automata are equivalent to classical finite word automata, but strictly more expressive than finite tree automata. On the other hand, we also show that the emptiness problem is undecidable in general. This already holds for two heavily restricted classes of distributed automata: those that reject immediately if they receive more than one message per round, and those whose state diagram must be acyclic except for self-loops.
description: In Proceedings GandALF 2017, arXiv:1709.01761. 13 pages, 2 figures
$p$-adic Mahler measure and $\mathbb{Z}$-covers of links
Creators: name: Ueki, Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37B40, 57M12, 11R06 (Primary), 11R23 (Secondary)

description: Let $p$ be a prime number. We develop a theory of $p$-adic Mahler measure of polynomials and apply it to the study of $\mathbb{Z}$-covers of rational homology 3-spheres branched over links. We obtain a $p$-adic analogue of the asymptotic formula of the torsion homology growth and a balance formula among the leading coefficient of the Alexander polynomial, the $p$-adic entropy, and the Iwasawa $μ_p$-invariant. We also apply the purely $p$-adic theory of Besser--Deninger to $\mathbb{Z}$-covers of links. In addition, we study the entropies of profinite cyclic covers of links. We examine various examples throughout the paper.
description: 18 pages
Manifolds with odd Euler characteristic and higher orientability
Creators: name: Hoekzema, Renee S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57R15, 57R20 (Primary), 55S10, 55S05 (Secondary)

description: It is well-known that odd-dimensional manifolds have Euler characteristic zero. Furthemore orientable manifolds have an even Euler characteristic unless the dimension is a multiple of $4$. We prove here a generalisation of these statements: a $k$-orientable manifold (or more generally Poincaré complex) has even Euler characteristic unless the dimension is a multiple of $2^{k+1}$, where we call a manifold $k$-orientable if the $i^{th}$ Stiefel-Whitney class vanishes for all $0
description: 12 pages, main theorem extended in this version
Barjols, les musiciens de l'aubade en action place de la Rouguière
Creators: name: Musée National Des Arts Et Traditions Populaires (Paris)
name: Centre D'ethnologie Française
Publisher: name: École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales; Institut  interdisciplinaire d'anthropologie du contemporain (Paris); Laboratoire d'anthropologie et d'histoire de l'institution de la culture (Paris)
Year: 2024

Abstract
On the periodic approximation of Lyapunov exponents for semi-invertible cocycles
Creators: name: Backes, Lucas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove that, for semi-invertible linear cocycles, Lyapunov exponents of ergodic measures may be approximated by Lyapunov exponents on periodic points.
description: Final version
Micromagnetic simulations of spin-torque driven magnetisation dynamics with spatially resolved spin transport and magnetisation texture
Creators: name: Borlenghi, Simone
name: Mahani, M. R.
name: Fangohr, Hans
name: Franchin, Matteo
name: Delin, Anna
name: Fransson, Jonas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a simple and fast method to simulate spin-torque driven magnetisation dynamics in nano-pillar spin-valve structures. The approach is based on the coupling between a spin transport code based on random matrix theory and a micromagnetics finite-elements software. In this way the spatial dependence of both spin transport and magnetisation dynamics is properly taken into account. Our results are compared with experiments. The excitation of the spin-wave modes, in- cluding the threshold current for steady state magnetisation precession and the nonlinear frequency shift of the modes are reproduced correctly. The giant magneto resistance effect and the magnetisa- tion switching also agree with experiment. The similarities with recently described spin-caloritronics devices are also discussed.
description: 13 pages 11 figures
Accurate fast computation of steady two-dimensional surface gravity waves in arbitrary depth
Creators: name: Clamond, Didier
name: Dutykh, Denys
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper describes an efficient algorithm for computing steady two-dimensional surface gravity wave in irrotational motion. The algorithm complexity is O(N log N), N being the number of Fourier modes. The algorithm allows the arbitrary precision computation of waves in arbitrary depth, i.e., it works efficiently for Stokes, cnoidal and solitary waves, even for quite large steepnesses. The method is based on conformal mapping, Babenko equation rewritten in a suitable way, pseudo-spectral method and Petviashvili's iterations. The efficiency of the algorithm is illustrated via some relevant numerical examples. The code is open source, so interested readers can easily check the claims, use and modify the algorithm.
description: 36 pages, 7 figures, 3 tables, 48 references, 4 appendices. Other author papers can be downloaded at http://www.denys-dutykh.com/
A direct primitive variable recovery scheme for hyperbolic conservative equations: the case of relativistic hydrodynamics
Creators: name: Aguayo-Ortiz, A.
name: Mendoza, S.
name: Olvera, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article we develop a Primitive Variable Recovery Scheme (PVRS) to solve any system of coupled differential conservative equations. This method obtains directly the primitive variables applying the chain rule to the time term of the conservative equations. With this, a traditional finite volume method for the flux is applied in order avoid violation of both, the entropy and "Rankine-Hugoniot" jump conditions. The time evolution is then computed using a forward finite difference scheme. This numerical technique evades the recovery of the primitive vector by solving an algebraic system of equations as it is often used and so, it generalises standard techniques to solve these kind of coupled systems. The article is presented bearing in mind special relativistic hydrodynamic numerical schemes with an added pedagogical view in the appendix section in order to easily comprehend the PVRS. We present the convergence of the method for standard shock-tube problems of special relativistic hydrodynamics and a graphical visualisation of the errors using the fluctuations of the numerical values with respect to exact analytic solutions. The PVRS circumvents the sometimes arduous computation that arises from standard numerical methods techniques, which obtain the desired primitive vector solution through an algebraic polynomial of the charges.
description: 19 pages, 6 figures, 2 tables. Accepted for publication in PLOS ONE
An optimization-based approach to calculating neutrino flavor evolution
Creators: name: Armstrong, Eve
name: Patwardhan, Amol V.
name: Johns, Lucas
name: Kishimoto, Chad T.
name: Abarbanel, Henry D. I.
name: Fuller, George M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We assess the utility of an optimization-based data assimilation (D.A.) technique for treating the problem of nonlinear neutrino flavor transformation in core collapse supernovae. D.A. uses measurements obtained from a physical system to estimate the state variable evolution and parameter values of the associated model. Formulated as an optimization procedure, D.A. can offer an integration-blind approach to predicting model evolution, which offers an advantage for models that thwart solution via traditional numerical integration techniques. Further, D.A. performs most optimally for models whose equations of motion are nonlinearly coupled. In this exploratory work, we consider a simple steady-state model with two mono-energetic neutrino beams coherently interacting with each other and a background medium. As this model can be solved via numerical integration, we have an independent consistency check for D.A. solutions. We find that the procedure can capture key features of flavor evolution over the entire trajectory, even given measurements of neutrino flavor only at the endpoint, and with an assumed known initial flavor distribution. Further, the procedure permits an examination of the sensitivity of flavor evolution to estimates of unknown model parameters, locates degeneracies in parameter space, and can identify the specific measurements required to break those degeneracies.
description: 26 pages, 4 figures
Statistical crossover and nonextensive behavior of the neuronal short-term depression
Creators: name: da Silva, A. J.
name: Floquet, S.
name: Santos, D. O. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The theoretical basis of neuronal coding, associated with short term degradation in synaptic transmission, is a matter of debate in the literature. In fact, electrophysiological signals are commonly characterized as inversely proportional to stimulus intensity. Among theoretical descriptions of this phenomenon, models based on $1/f$-dependency are employed to investigate the biophysical properties of the short term synaptic depression. In this work we formulated a model based on a paradigmatic \textit{q}-differential equation to obtain a generalized formalism useful for investigation of nonextensivity in this specific type of synaptic plasticity. Our analysis reveals nonextensivity in data from electrophysiological recordings and also a statistical crossover in neurotransmission. In particular, statistical transitions providesadditional support to the hypothesis of heterogeneous release probability of neurotransmitters. On the other hand, the simple vesicle model agrees with data only at low frequency stimulations. Thus, the present work presents a method to demonstrate that short-term depression is not only governed by random mechanisms but also by a nonextensive behavior. Our findings also conciliate morphological and electrophysiological investigations into a coherent biophysical scenario.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures, J Biol Phys (2017)
Amplitude Analyses of $D^0 \to {π^+π^-π^+π^-}$ and $D^0 \to {K^+K^-π^+π^-}$ Decays
Creators: name: d'Argent, Philippe
name: Skidmore, Nicola
name: Benton, Jack
name: Dalseno, Jeremy
name: Gersabeck, Evelina
name: Harnew, Sam
name: Naik, Paras
name: Prouve, Claire
name: Rademacker, Jonas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The resonant substructure of $D^0 \to π^+π^-π^+π^-$ decays is studied using data collected by the CLEO-c detector. An amplitude analysis is performed in order to disentangle the various intermediate state contributions. To limit the model complexity a data driven regularization procedure is applied. The prominent contributions are the decay modes $D^0\to a_1(1260)^+π^-$, $D^0\to σf_0(1370)$ and $D^0 \to ρ(770)^0 ρ(770)^0$. The broad resonances $a_1(1260)^+$, $π(1300)^+$ and $a_1(1640)^+$ are studied in detail, including quasi-model-independent parametrizations of their lineshapes. The mass and width of the $a_1(1260)^+$ meson are determined to be $m_{a_1(1260)^+}=[1225\pm9\text{(stat)}\pm17\text{(syst)}\pm10\text{(model)}]\text{MeV}/c^2$ and $Γ_{a_1(1260)^+}=[430\pm24\text{(stat)}\pm25 \text{(syst)}\pm18\text{(model)}]\text{MeV}$. The amplitude model of $D^0\to K^+K^-π^+π^-$ decays obtained from CLEO II.V, CLEO III, and CLEO-c data is revisited with improved lineshape parametrizations. The largest components are the decay modes $D^0\toϕ(1020)ρ(770)^0$, $D^0 \to K_1(1270)^+ K^-$ and $D^0 \to K(1400)^+ K^-$. The fractional $CP$-even content of the decay $D^0\to π^+π^-π^+π^-$ is calculated from the amplitude model to be $F_+^{4π}=[72.9\pm0.9\text{(stat)}\pm1.5\text{(syst)}\pm1.0\text{(model)}]\%$, consistent with that obtained from a previous model-independent measurement. For $D^0 \to K^+K^-π^+π^-$ decays, the $CP$-even fraction is measured for the first time and found to be $F_+^{KKππ}=[75.3\pm1.8\text{(stat)}\pm3.3\text{(syst)}\pm3.5\text{(model)}]\%$. The global decay rate asymmetries between $D^0$ and $\overline{D}^0$ decays are measured to be $A^{4π}_{CP}=[+0.54\pm1.04\text{(stat)}\pm0.51\text{(syst)}]\%$ and $A^{KKππ}_{CP}=[+1.84\pm1.74\text{(stat)}\pm0.30\text{(syst)}]\%$.
description: 62 pages, 18 figures, 24 tables
Fission properties of superheavy nuclei for r-process calculations
Creators: name: Giuliani, Samuel A.
name: Martinez-Pinedo, Gabriel
name: Robledo, Luis M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We computed a new set of static fission properties suited for r-process calculations. The potential energy surfaces and collective inertias of 3640 nuclei in the superheavy region are obtained from Self-Consistent Mean-Field calculations using the Barcelona-Catania-Paris-Madrid energy density functional. The fission path is computed as a function of the quadrupole moment by minimizing the potential energy and exploring octupole and hexadecapole deformations. The spontaneous fission lifetimes are evaluated employing different schemes for the collective inertias and vibrational energy corrections. This allows to explore the sensitivity of the lifetimes to those quantities together with the collective ground state energy along the superheavy landscape. We computed neutron induced stellar reaction rates relevant for r-process nucleosynthesis using the statistical approach and study the impact of collective inertias. The competition between different reaction channels including neutron induced rates, spontaneous fission and alpha decay is discussed for typical r-process conditions.
description: 15 pages, 14 figures,1 table
British Gallup Poll CQ 606
Creators: name: Social Surveys (Gallup Poll) Limited
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2022

description: Government approval (1); James Callaghan job performance (1); Margaret Thatcher job performance (1); David Steel job performance (1); political party preferences (2); 1974 general election (2); most urgent problems (2); better party to handle urgent problems (1); time for general election (1); expected election outcome (1); parties affecting various policies (20); government price policies (2); government handling wage policies (3); controlling prices (3); party coalitions (4); support for various parties (3); Liberal influence on government (2); radio listening habits (5); buying sewing machine (4); car ownership (3); getting colds (7); homemade wine (3); knowledge of product symbols (2); pastry cases (5).
On nonlocally interacting metrics, and a simple proposal for cosmic acceleration
Creators: name: Vardanyan, Valeri
name: Akrami, Yashar
name: Amendola, Luca
name: Silvestri, Alessandra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a simple, nonlocal modification to general relativity (GR) on large scales, which provides a model of late-time cosmic acceleration in the absence of the cosmological constant and with the same number of free parameters as in standard cosmology. The model is motivated by adding to the gravity sector an extra spin-2 field interacting nonlocally with the physical metric coupled to matter. The form of the nonlocal interaction is inspired by the simplest form of the Deser-Woodard (DW) model, $αR\frac{1}{\Box}R$, with one of the Ricci scalars being replaced by a constant $m^{2}$, and gravity is therefore modified in the infrared by adding a simple term of the form $m^2\frac{1}{\Box}R$ to the Einstein-Hilbert term. We study cosmic expansion histories, and demonstrate that the new model can provide background expansions consistent with observations if $m$ is of the order of the Hubble expansion rate today, in contrast to the simple DW model with no viable cosmology. The model is best fit by $w_0\sim-1.075$ and $w_a\sim0.045$. We also compare the cosmology of the model to that of Maggiore and Mancarella (MM), $m^2R\frac{1}{\Box^2}R$, and demonstrate that the viable cosmic histories follow the standard-model evolution more closely compared to the MM model. We further demonstrate that the proposed model possesses the same number of physical degrees of freedom as in GR. Finally, we discuss the appearance of ghosts in the local formulation of the model, and argue that they are unphysical and harmless to the theory, keeping the physical degrees of freedom healthy.
description: 47 pages in JCAP style, 7 figures. Some discussions extended in response to referee's comments. Version accepted for publication in JCAP
Barjols, boulevard Grisolle, aubade à Louis Baugier, trésorier du comité des fêtes
Creators: name: Musée National Des Arts Et Traditions Populaires (Paris)
name: Centre D'ethnologie Française
Publisher: name: École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales; Institut  interdisciplinaire d'anthropologie du contemporain (Paris); Laboratoire d'anthropologie et d'histoire de l'institution de la culture (Paris)
Year: 2024

Abstract
Music Playlist Continuation by Learning from Hand-Curated Examples and Song Features: Alleviating the Cold-Start Problem for Rare and Out-of-Set Songs
Creators: name: Vall, Andreu
name: Eghbal-zadeh, Hamid
name: Dorfer, Matthias
name: Schedl, Markus
name: Widmer, Gerhard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Automated music playlist generation is a specific form of music recommendation. Generally stated, the user receives a set of song suggestions defining a coherent listening session. We hypothesize that the best way to convey such playlist coherence to new recommendations is by learning it from actual curated examples, in contrast to imposing ad hoc constraints. Collaborative filtering methods can be used to capture underlying patterns in hand-curated playlists. However, the scarcity of thoroughly curated playlists and the bias towards popular songs result in the vast majority of songs occurring in very few playlists and thus being poorly recommended. To overcome this issue, we propose an alternative model based on a song-to-playlist classifier, which learns the underlying structure from actual playlists while leveraging song features derived from audio, social tags and independent listening logs. Experiments on two datasets of hand-curated playlists show competitive performance compared to collaborative filtering when sufficient training data is available and more robust performance when recommending rare and out-of-set songs. For example, both approaches achieve a recall@100 of roughly 35% for songs occurring in 5 or more training playists, whereas the proposed model achieves a recall@100 of roughly 15% for songs occurring in 4 or less training playlists, compared to the 3% achieved by collaborative filtering.
Feedforward Architectures Driven by Inhibitory Interactions
Creators: name: Billeh, Yazan N.
name: Schaub, Michael T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Directed information transmission is paramount for many social, physical, and biological systems. For neural systems, scientists have studied this problem under the paradigm of feedforward networks for decades. In most models of feedforward networks, activity is exclusively driven by excitatory neurons and the wiring patterns between them, while inhibitory neurons play only a stabilizing role for the network dynamics. Motivated by recent experimental discoveries of hippocampal circuitry, cortical circuitry, and the diversity of inhibitory neurons throughout the brain, here we illustrate that one can construct such networks even if the connectivity between the excitatory units in the system remains random. This is achieved by endowing inhibitory nodes with a more active role in the network. Our findings demonstrate that apparent feedforward activity can be caused by a much broader network-architectural basis than often assumed.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures, J Comput Neurosci (2017)
Realizable Quantum Adiabatic Search
Creators: name: Hen, Itay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Grover's unstructured search algorithm is one of the best examples to date for the superiority of quantum algorithms over classical ones. Its applicability, however, has been questioned by many due to its oracular nature. We propose a mechanism to carry out a quantum adiabatic variant of Grover's search algorithm using a single bosonic particle placed in an optical lattice. By studying the scaling of the gap and relevant matrix element in various spatial dimensions, we show that a quantum speedup can already be gained in three dimensions. We argue that the suggested scheme is realizable with present-day experimental capabilities.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Sustainable solutions for reducing air-conditioning costs and tailpipe emissions from heavy-duty transportation across Europe
Creators: name: Alves, P.G.
name: Vale, J.P.
name: Nybo, L.
name: Flouris, A.D.
name: Mayor, T.S.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Other chemical sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Heavy-duty trucks emit >25% of the CO2 of the European road transport sector despite representing ≈2.5% of its fleet. Escalating temperatures associated to global warming will increase the use of air-conditioning (AC) in heavy-duty trucks, further raising their fuel consumption and emissions. Thus, sustainable solutions are needed to reduce the thermal loads affecting the truck cabins, to minimize the need for AC and decrease the sector’s costs and environmental footprint. We assessed the economic and environmental impact of AC use in the European heavy-duty transportation fleet, for realistic environmental conditions throughout the year, across the different European regions. Potential reductions were estimated for various changes in the optical properties of the cabin external paints and glazing elements (windshield and side-windows). The use of high-reflectivity paints in the cabin external surfaces and low-transmissivity glazing can reduce fuel costs by ≈€195 million/year across Europe (i.e., ≈0.1% of the total fuel costs of the European heavy-duty fleet), and decrease CO2 emissions by 1% of the reduction target set for 2025. These potential reductions highlight the importance of engaging with transportation stakeholders (e.g., workers unions, vehicle manufacturers, policymakers, and regulating bodies), to raise awareness about the potential benefits for the European transportation sector and the environment, and to promote the necessary adaptation in the transportation fleets.
Barjols, place de la Rouguière, les aubadeurs devant l'école communale
Creators: name: Musée National Des Arts Et Traditions Populaires (Paris)
name: Centre D'ethnologie Française
Publisher: name: École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales; Institut  interdisciplinaire d'anthropologie du contemporain (Paris); Laboratoire d'anthropologie et d'histoire de l'institution de la culture (Paris)
Year: 2024

Abstract
Ferromagnetism and spin-dependent transport at a complex oxide interface
Creators: name: Ayino, Yilikal
name: Xu, Peng
name: Tigre-Lazo, Juan
name: Yue, Jin
name: Jalan, Bharat
name: Pribiag, Vlad S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Complex oxide interfaces are a promising platform for studying a wide array of correlated electron phenomena in low-dimensions, including magnetism and superconductivity. The microscopic origin of these phenomena in complex oxide interfaces remains an open question. Here we investigate for the first time the magnetic properties of semi-insulating NdTiO$_3$/SrTiO$_3$ (NTO/STO) interfaces and present the first milli-Kelvin study of NTO/STO. The magnetoresistance (MR) reveals signatures of local ferromagnetic order and of spin-dependent thermally-activated transport, which are described quantitatively by a simple phenomenological model. We discuss possible origins of the interfacial ferromagnetism. In addition, the MR also shows transient hysteretic features on a timescale of ~10-100 seconds. We demonstrate that these are consistent with an extrinsic magneto-thermal origin, which may have been misinterpreted in previous reports of magnetism in STO-based oxide interfaces. The existence of these two MR regimes (steady-state and transient) highlights the importance of time-dependent measurements for distinguishing signatures of ferromagnetism from other effects that can produce hysteresis at low temperatures.
Chiral boundary conditions for singletons and W-branes
Creators: name: Raeymaekers, Joris
name: Bleeken, Dieter Van den
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit the holographic dictionary for a free massless scalar in AdS$_3$, focusing on the `singleton' solutions for which the boundary profile is an arbitrary chiral function. We look for consistent boundary conditions which include this class of solutions. On one hand, we give a no-go argument that they cannot be interpreted within any boundary condition which preserves full conformal invariance. On the other hand, we show that such solutions fit naturally in a generalization of the Compère-Song-Strominger boundary conditions, which preserve a chiral Virasoro and current algebra. These observations have implications for the black hole deconstruction proposal, which proposes singleton solutions as candidate black hole microstate geometries. Our results suggest that the chiral boundary condition, which also contains the extremal BTZ black hole, is the natural setting for holographically interpreting the black hole deconstruction proposal.
description: 25p+appendices, 2 figures, published version
Precision calculations of the cosmic shear power spectrum projection
Creators: name: Kilbinger, Martin
name: Heymans, Catherine
name: Asgari, Marika
name: Joudaki, Shahab
name: Schneider, Peter
name: Simon, Patrick
name: Van Waerbeke, Ludovic
name: Harnois-Déraps, Joachim
name: Hildebrandt, Hendrik
name: Köhlinger, Fabian
name: Kuijken, Konrad
name: Viola, Massimo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the spherical-sky weak-lensing power spectrum of the shear and convergence. We discuss various approximations, such as flat-sky, and first- and second- order Limber equations for the projection. We find that the impact of adopting these approximations is negligible when constraining cosmological parameters from current weak lensing surveys. This is demonstrated using data from the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope Lensing Survey (CFHTLenS). We find that the reported tension with Planck Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) temperature anisotropy results cannot be alleviated. For future large-scale surveys with unprecedented precision, we show that the spherical second-order Limber approximation will provide sufficient accuracy. In this case, the cosmic-shear power spectrum is shown to be in agreement with the full projection at the sub-percent level for l > 3, with the corresponding errors an order of magnitude below cosmic variance for all l. When computing the two-point shear correlation function, we show that the flat-sky fast Hankel transformation results in errors below two percent compared to the full spherical transformation. In the spirit of reproducible research, our numerical implementation of all approximations and the full projection are publicly available within the package nicaea at http://www.cosmostat.org/software/nicaea.
description: 17 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables. Matches published version (MNRAS, 2017, 472, 2126)
Fractional stochastic differential equations satisfying fluctuation-dissipation theorem
Creators: name: Li, Lei
name: Liu, Jian-Guo
name: Lu, Jianfeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose in this work a fractional stochastic differential equation (FSDE) model consistent with the over-damped limit of the generalized Langevin equation model. As a result of the `fluctuation-dissipation theorem', the differential equations driven by fractional Brownian noise to model memory effects should be paired with Caputo derivatives, and this FSDE model should be understood in an integral form. We establish the existence of strong solutions for such equations and discuss the ergodicity and convergence to Gibbs measure. In the linear forcing regime, we show rigorously the algebraic convergence to Gibbs measure when the `fluctuation-dissipation theorem' is satisfied, and this verifies that satisfying `fluctuation-dissipation theorem' indeed leads to the correct physical behavior. We further discuss possible approaches to analyze the ergodicity and convergence to Gibbs measure in the nonlinear forcing regime, while leave the rigorous analysis for future works. The FSDE model proposed is suitable for systems in contact with heat bath with power-law kernel and subdiffusion behaviors.