cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Active Stabilization of Terahertz Semiconductor Dual-Comb Laser Sources Employing a Phase Locking Technique
Creators: name: Zhao, Yiran
name: Li, Ziping
name: Zhou, Kang
name: Liao, Xiaoyu
name: Guan, Wen
name: Wan, Wenjian
name: Yang, Sijia
name: Cao, J. C.
name: Xu, Dong
name: Barbieri, Stefano
name: Li, Hua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dual-comb sources with equally spaced and low phase noise frequency lines are of great importance for high resolution spectroscopy and metrology. In the terahertz frequency range, electrically pumped semiconductor quantum cascade lasers (QCLs) are suitable candidates for frequency comb and dual-comb operation. For a single laser frequency comb, the repetition rate can be locked using a microwave injection locking and the carrier frequency can be locked to a highly stable source. However, for the locking of two laser combs, four frequencies (two repetition rates and two carrier offset frequencies) should be simultaneously locked; If one only refers to the dual-comb signal, two relative frequencies, i.e., the offset frequency and repetition frequency of one laser against those of the other laser, should be locked. Although the locking techniques that have been successfully used for a single laser comb can be, in principle, applied to a dual-comb laser source, the complete locking considerably complicates the implementation of such a system. Here, we propose a method to stabilize a terahertz QCL dual-comb source by phase locking one of the dual-comb lines to a radio frequency (RF) synthesizer. This technique forces one of the lasers to follow the tone of the other one (keeping the sum of the carrier offset frequency difference and repetition frequency difference between the two laser combs as a constant) by exploiting a laser self-detection that avoids the use of an external detector. Through the demonstration of this locking technique, we demonstrate that the dual-comb can generate periodic pulses over a 2 us time scale, showing that the terahertz QCL comb without a control of the repetition rate can produce pulsed-type waveforms.
description: 21 pages, 5 figures
Molecular biology in a distributed world. A Kantian perspective on scientific practices and the human mind
Creators: name: Portera, Mariagrazia
name: Šustar, Predrag
Publisher: name: Lebenswelt. Aesthetics and philosophy of experience.
Year: 1970

description: In recent years the number of scholarly publications devoted to Kant's theory of biology has rapidly growing, with particular attention being given to Kant's thoughts about the concepts of teleology, function, organism, and their respective roles in scientific practice. Moving from these recent studies, and distancing itself from their mostly evolutionary background, the main aim of the present paper is to suggest an original "cognitive turn" in the interpretation of Kant's theory of biology. More specifically, the Authors will trace a connection between some Kantian theses about the “peculiar” or special nature of the human mind (intellectus ectypus), advanced in the Critique of the Power of Judgement (§ 76, 77), and some specific epistemological issues pertaining to the research practice of contemporary molecular biology.
description: Lebenswelt. Aesthetics and philosophy of experience., No 7 (2015)
The grassblade beyond Newton: the pragmatizing of Kant for evolutionary-developmental biology
Creators: name: Moss, Lenny
name: Newman, Stuart A.
Publisher: name: Lebenswelt. Aesthetics and philosophy of experience.
Year: 1970

description: Much of the philosophical attention directed to Kant’s intervention into biology has been directed toward Kant’s idea of a transcendental limit upon what can be understood constitutively.  Kant’s own wider philosophical practice, however, was principally oriented toward solving problems and the scientific benefits of his methodology of teleology have been largely underappreciated, at least in the English language literature.  This paper suggests that all basic biology has had, and continues to have, a need for some form of heuristic “bracketing” and that a renewal of some form of, albeit flexible, teleological methodological bracketing can better complement the productive assimilation into developmental biology of continuing advances in our understanding of the mesoscale physics and chemistry of soft, excitable condensed matter, than what has been the prevailing and de facto use of a form of bracketing shaped by the neoDarwinian Modern Synthesis.  Further we offer a concept of biogeneric processes and a framework of physico-genetic “dynamical patterning modules”, that can begin to account for the appearance of new Kantian “stocks of Keime und Anlagen”, capable of potentiating some range of possible organismal forms, and provide grounds for moving up the teleological “goalposts”, i.e., expanding the range of what can be accounted for on a constitutive basis.
description: Lebenswelt. Aesthetics and philosophy of experience., No 7 (2015)
Dynamical aspects of fragmentation
Creators: name: Ison, M. J.
name: Dorso, C. O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this short communication we address the problem of reducibility in a highly excited Lennard-Jones system. We show that the probability of emitting $n$ fragments can be described in terms of a single probability through the binomial expression. However, the Arrhenius law does not hold and the process can be viewed as a mixture of sequential and simultaneous fragmentation events.
description: Proceedings for VI Latin American Symposium on Nuclear Physics and Applications, Iguazu, Argentina (2005). To be published in Acta Phys. Hung. A
DeepWriteSYN: On-Line Handwriting Synthesis via Deep Short-Term Representations
Creators: name: Tolosana, Ruben
name: Delgado-Santos, Paula
name: Perez-Uribe, Andres
name: Vera-Rodriguez, Ruben
name: Fierrez, Julian
name: Morales, Aythami
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This study proposes DeepWriteSYN, a novel on-line handwriting synthesis approach via deep short-term representations. It comprises two modules: i) an optional and interchangeable temporal segmentation, which divides the handwriting into short-time segments consisting of individual or multiple concatenated strokes; and ii) the on-line synthesis of those short-time handwriting segments, which is based on a sequence-to-sequence Variational Autoencoder (VAE). The main advantages of the proposed approach are that the synthesis is carried out in short-time segments (that can run from a character fraction to full characters) and that the VAE can be trained on a configurable handwriting dataset. These two properties give a lot of flexibility to our synthesiser, e.g., as shown in our experiments, DeepWriteSYN can generate realistic handwriting variations of a given handwritten structure corresponding to the natural variation within a given population or a given subject. These two cases are developed experimentally for individual digits and handwriting signatures, respectively, achieving in both cases remarkable results. Also, we provide experimental results for the task of on-line signature verification showing the high potential of DeepWriteSYN to improve significantly one-shot learning scenarios. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first synthesis approach capable of generating realistic on-line handwriting in the short term (including handwritten signatures) via deep learning. This can be very useful as a module toward long-term realistic handwriting generation either completely synthetic or as natural variation of given handwriting samples.
Nodal Domain Distribution for a Nonintegrable Two-Dimensional Anharmonic Oscillator
Creators: name: Aiba, Hirokazu
name: Suzuki, Toru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the transition from integrable to chaotic dynamics in the quantum mechanical wave functions from the point of view of the nodal structure by employing a two dimensional quartic oscillator. We find that the number of nodal domains is drastically reduced as the dynamics of the system changes from integrable to nonintegrable, and then gradually increases as the system becomes chaotic. The number of nodal intersections with the classical boundary as a function of the level number shows a characteristic dependence on the dynamics of the system, too. We also calculate the area distribution of nodal domains and study the emergence of the power law behavior with the Fisher exponent in the chaotic limit.
description: 14 figures, to appear to Phys. Rev. E
Multiwavelength Characterization of the High Mass X-ray Binary Population of M31
Creators: name: Lazzarini, Margaret
name: Williams, Benjamin F.
name: Durbin, Meredith
name: Dalcanton, Julianne
name: Antoniou, Vallia
name: Binder, Breanna A.
name: Eracleous, Michael
name: Plucinsky, Paul P.
name: Sasaki, Manami
name: Vulic, Neven
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present our analysis of high quality high mass X-ray binary (HMXB) candidates in M31 selected from point-source optical-counterpart candidates from the Chandra-PHAT survey catalog. We fit the spectral energy distributions (SEDs) of optical counterpart candidates using the Bayesian Extinction and Stellar Tool (BEAST). We used the best-fit luminosity, effective temperature, radius and dust reddening for the companion stars in combination with the local star formation history, dust maps of M31, published X-ray spectral fits from XMM-Newton observations, IR colors, and Chandra X-ray hardness ratios to determine our best sample of HMXB candidates. The age distribution of the HMXB sample appears peaked between 10 and 50 Myr, consistent with findings in other nearby galaxies. Using the age distribution and mean SFR, we find that 80$-$136 HMXBs were produced per unit of star formation rate over the last 50 Myr and 89$-$163 HMXBs were produced per unit of star formation rate over the last 80 Myr, if we expand the assumed age limit beyond the lifetimes of single massive stars. We also calculate the HMXB production rate (HMXBs/M$_{\odot}$) over time, which ranges from $7 \times 10^{-7}$ to $4 \times 10^{-6}$ HMXBs/M$_{\odot}$ over the last 80 Myr, in agreement with both theoretical predictions and measured production rates in other galaxies.
description: accepted for publication in ApJ, 24 pages, 5 figures, 4 tables
Narrating a congo missionary childhood (1958 - 1964) : memory and meaning examined through a creative non-fiction text and exegesis
Creators: name: Devereux, Linda Margaret
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2015

description: This study analyses the transnational childhood experience of the daughter of medical missionaries who worked for the Baptist Missionary Society (BMS) in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) between 1958 and 1964. Through a creative non-fiction text and exegesis, the thesis examines family history and missionary trauma within a context of rapid social change punctuated by postcolonial violence and international Cold War meddling in Africa. In particular, the thesis analyses the hegemonic silencing forces that worked against the sharing of this narrative. These include: the complex but largely unknown history of the DRC; the marginalisation of missionary experience in a postcolonial, post-Christian world; the gendered and institutionalised silencing reinforced by Christian organisations; postcolonial guilt; and, the ethical complexities of writing about self and family from a contested subject position. The academic scholarship on the impact of parents' transnational missionary work on their children is limited. In particular, the effect of exposure to trauma on missionaries and their children is under researched. Furthermore, much of the available scholarship is located in missionary or church-based publications, which limits access to it and debate by a wider academic audience. Some of the frameworks used to describe the experiences of missionaries' children - such as the categories of chameleon, wallflower and screamer - need further analysis. These widely used descriptors may also contribute to silencing some narratives and masking signs of trauma. Drawing on scholarship from a variety of fields including memory studies, history, and life writing, the thesis considers the personal and public roles of memory objects. For some, the act of creating a memory object such as a text can be a powerful experience of silence breaking and healing. Moreover, moving such a memory object from the personal sphere to a shared - community or public - space can, through the process of bearing witness, function as a therapeutic intervention. This was not the purpose of the study, but rather an unexpected by-product of undertaking a thesis of this nature. However, writing a creative non-fiction text alone was insufficient to uncover the hegemonic forces that combined to silence this narrative. The search for understanding was enhanced through critical self-reflection facilitated by engagement with scholarly academic literature in a range of relevant fields; analysis of archival material; and, through interviewing key individuals connected with events described in the narrative. This resulting work addresses the gaps and impasse that inhere in current understandings of the history of missionary life in the Democratic Republic of Congo.
The effect of magnetic fields on star cluster formation
Creators: name: Price, Daniel
name: Bate, Matthew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the effect of magnetic fields on star cluster formation by performing simulations following the self-gravitating collapse of a turbulent molecular cloud to form stars in ideal MHD. The collapse of the cloud is computed for global mass-to-flux ratios of infinity, 20, 10, 5 and 3, that is using both weak and strong magnetic fields. Whilst even at very low strengths the magnetic field is able to significantly influence the star formation process, for magnetic fields with plasma beta < 1 the results are substantially different to the hydrodynamic case. In these cases we find large-scale magnetically-supported voids imprinted in the cloud structure; anisotropic turbulent motions and column density structure aligned with the magnetic field lines, both of which have recently been observed in the Taurus molecular cloud. We also find strongly suppressed accretion in the magnetised runs, leading to up to a 75% reduction in the amount of mass converted into stars over the course of the calculations and a more quiescent mode of star formation. There is also some indication that the relative formation efficiency of brown dwarfs is lower in the strongly magnetised runs due to the reduction in the importance of protostellar ejections.
description: 16 pages, 9 figures, 8 very pretty movies, MNRAS, accepted. Version with high-res figures + movies available from http://www.astro.ex.ac.uk/people/dprice/pubs/mcluster/index.html
Interpretable classification of molecular measurements via pathway-induced multiple kernel learning
Creators: name: Cadow Joris
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: molecular measurements

description: Roadmap Molecular data classification: use network topology as a regulariser, define meta-features using pathway information Pathway-Induced. Multiple Kernel Learning (PIMKL): concept, pathway induction, multiple kernel learning PIMKL benchmarking: benchmark against other prior knowledge informed methods on multiple breast cancer cohorts.
 PIMKL application: detects tumor samples accurately, integrates multiple omics seamlessly, identifies relevant pathways for each data type.
Recent Advances in Selective Image Encryption and its Indispensability due to COVID-19
Creators: name: Paul, Aditya Jyoti
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: E.3; I.4; J.3; J.4; K.4
subject: 68P25, 68P30, 94A60, 91C99, 68W27

description: The COVID-19 pandemic serves as a grim reminder of the unexpected nature of these outbreaks and gives rise to a unique set of research challenges in a variety of fields. As people all over the world adjust to this new 'normal', with most workplaces, from companies to educational institutions shifting online, enormous surges in the transmission of images and videos have been observed, creating record-breaking stresses on the internet backbone. At the same time, maintaining the privacy and security of the users' data is of immense importance, this is where fast and efficient image encryption algorithms play a vital role. This paper discusses the calamitous effects of the pandemic on the world population and how their changes in multimedia consumption have led to an urgent need for the development and deployment of secure and fast image encryption, especially selective image encryption techniques. It carefully surveys the most recent advances in this field, discusses their real-world effects and finally explores some future research avenues, to provide swift relief and recover from the disastrous effects of the pandemic.
description: 6 pages, Published in IEEE RAICS 2020, see https://raics.in
Rethinking Generalization in American Sign Language Prediction for Edge Devices with Extremely Low Memory Footprint
Creators: name: Paul, Aditya Jyoti
name: Mohan, Puranjay
name: Sehgal, Stuti
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.10; I.4.8; I.5.1; J.3; I.4.1; K.4.2
subject: 68T45, 68T10, 68T07, 68U10

description: Due to the boom in technical compute in the last few years, the world has seen massive advances in artificially intelligent systems solving diverse real-world problems. But a major roadblock in the ubiquitous acceptance of these models is their enormous computational complexity and memory footprint. Hence efficient architectures and training techniques are required for deployment on extremely low resource inference endpoints. This paper proposes an architecture for detection of alphabets in American Sign Language on an ARM Cortex-M7 microcontroller having just 496 KB of framebuffer RAM. Leveraging parameter quantization is a common technique that might cause varying drops in test accuracy. This paper proposes using interpolation as augmentation amongst other techniques as an efficient method of reducing this drop, which also helps the model generalize well to previously unseen noisy data. The proposed model is about 185 KB post-quantization and inference speed is 20 frames per second.
description: 6 pages, Published in IEEE RAICS 2020, see https://raics.in
Symmetries and conserved quantities of boundary time crystals in generalized spin models
Creators: name: Piccitto, Giulia
name: Wauters, Matteo
name: Nori, Franco
name: Shammah, Nathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate how symmetries and conserved quantities relate to the occurrence of the boundary time crystal (BTC) phase in a generalized spin model with Lindblad dissipation. BTCs are a non-equilibrium phase of matter in which the system, coupled to an external environment, breaks the continuous time translational invariance. We perform a detailed mean-field study aided by a finite-size analysis of the quantum model of a p,q-spin-interaction system, a generalized p-spin interaction system, which can be implemented in fully-connected spin-1/2 ensembles. We find the following conditions for the observation of the BTC phase: First, the BTC appears when the discrete symmetry held by the Hamiltonian, $\mathbb{Z}_2$ in the considered models, is explicitly broken by the Lindblad jump operators. Second, the system must be coupled uniformly to the same bath in order to preserve the total angular momentum during the time evolution. If these conditions are not satisfied, any oscillatory behavior appears only as a transient in the dynamics and a time-independent stationary state is eventually reached. Our results suggest that these two elements may be general requirements for the observation of a stable BTC phase relating symmetries and conserved quantities in arbitrary spin models.
description: 16 pages, 10 figures
Quantum energies with worldline numerics
Creators: name: Gies, Holger
name: Klingmuller, Klaus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present new results for Casimir forces between rigid bodies which impose Dirichlet boundary conditions on a fluctuating scalar field. As a universal computational tool, we employ worldline numerics which builds on a combination of the string-inspired worldline approach with Monte-Carlo techniques. Worldline numerics is not only particularly powerful for inhomogeneous background configurations such as involved Casimir geometries, it also provides for an intuitive picture of quantum-fluctuation-induced phenomena. Results for the Casimir geometries of a sphere above a plate and a new perpendicular-plates configuration are presented.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures, Submitted to the Proceedings of the Seventh Workshop QFEXT'05 (Barcelona, September 5-9, 2005), Refs updated, version to appear in JPhysA
Multiplicity of light-charged particles investigated with proton-induced fission of $^{208}$Pb at different kinetic energies
Creators: name: Rodriguez Sanchez, J. L.
name: Benlliure, J.
name: Paradela, C.
name: Alvarez-Pol, H.
name: Audouin, L.
name: Ayyad, Y.
name: Belier, G.
name: Boutoux, G.
name: Casarejos, E.
name: Chatillon, A.
name: Cortina-Gil, D.
name: Gorbient, T.
name: Heinz, A.
name: Kelic-Heil, A.
name: Kurz, N.
name: Laurent, B.
name: Martin, J.
name: Pellereau, E.
name: Pietras, B.
name: Ramos, D.
name: Rodriguez-Tajes, C.
name: Rossi, D.
name: Simon, H.
name: Taieb, J.
name: Vargas, J.
name: Voss, B.
Publisher: name: GSI Helmholtzzentrum fuer Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt
Year: 2015
Subjects: Physics

description: GSI Scientific Report 2014 - GSI Report 2015-1
Light-front holographic $ρ$-meson distributions in the momentum space
Creators: name: Kaur, Satvir
name: Mondal, Chandan
name: Dahiya, Harleen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the leading-twist quark transverse momentum-dependent parton distribution functions (TMDs) for the spin-1 target, such as the $ρ$-meson, in the light-front framework. Specifically, we predict the TMDs in the light-front holographic model and compare with the light-front quark model predictions. We obtain the TMDs using the overlap of the light-front wave functions. We evaluate the ${\bf k}_\perp$ moments upto second order and compare with the available theoretical predictions. Further, we analyze the leading-twist parton distribution functions (PDFs) of the $ρ$-meson in the light-front holographic model which are found to be in accord with the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio (NJL) model and the light-front quark model predictions. We further study the QCD evolution of the PDFs. The positivity bounds on the TMDs and the PDFs are also discussed. We also present the quark spin densities in the transverse momentum plane for different polarization configurations of the quark and the $ρ$-meson target.
description: 41 pages, 11 figures; To appear in JHEP
Light Scalar Mesons from Phi to Psi
Creators: name: Achasov, N. N.
name: Kiselev, A. V.
name: Shestakov, G. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The following topics are considered. 1) Confinement, chiral dynamics, and light scalar mesons. 2) Chiral shielding of the $σ(600)$. 3) The $ϕ$ meson radiative decays about nature of light scalar resonances. 4) The $J/ψ$ decays about nature of light scalar resonances. 5) The $a_0(980)\toγγ$ and $f_0(980)\toγγ$ decays about nature of light scalar resonances. 6) New round in $γγ\toπ^+π^-$, the Belle data. Arguments in favor of the four-quark model of the $a_0(980)$ and $f_0(980)$ mesons are given.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures. Talk presented by N.N. Achasov at the International Workshop "e+e- Collisions from Phi to Psi", February 27--March 2, 2006, BINP, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
The Pearson Bayes factor: An analytic formula for computing evidential value from minimal summary statistics
Creators: name: Faulkenberry, Thomas J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In Bayesian hypothesis testing, evidence for a statistical model is quantified by the Bayes factor, which represents the relative likelihood of observed data under that model compared to another competing model. In general, computing Bayes factors is difficult, as computing the marginal likelihood of data under a given model requires integrating over a prior distribution of model parameters. In this paper, I capitalize on a particular choice of prior distribution that allows the Bayes factor to be expressed without integral representation and I develop a simple formula -- the Pearson Bayes factor -- that requires only minimal summary statistics commonly reported in scientific papers, such as the $t$ or $F$ score and the degrees of freedom. In addition to presenting this new result, I provide several examples of its use and report a simulation study validating its performance. Importantly, the Pearson Bayes factor gives applied researchers the ability to compute exact Bayes factors from minimal summary data, and thus easily assess the evidential value of any data for which these summary statistics are provided, even when the original data is not available.
description: Accepted for publication in Biometrical Letters
Status of the analysis of the first EXL experiment at the ESR
Creators: name: Von Schmid, M.
name: Zamora, J. C.
name: Bagchi, S.
name: Bönig, S.
name: Csatlos, M.
name: Dillmann, I.
name: Dimopoulou, C.
name: Egelhof, P.
name: Eremin, V.
name: Furuno, T.
name: Geissel, H.
name: Gernhäuser, R.
name: Harakeh, M.
name: Hartig, A.
name: Ilieva, S.
name: Kalantar-Nayestanaki, N.
name: Kiselev, O.
name: Kollmus, H.
name: Kozhuharov, C.
name: Krasznahorkay, A.
name: Kröll, T.
name: Kuilman, M.
name: Litvinov, S.
name: Litvinov, Y.
name: Mahjour-Shafiei, M.
name: Mutterer, M.
name: Nagae, D.
name: Najafi, M. A.
name: Nociforo, C.
name: Nolden, F.
name: Popp, U.
name: Rigollet, C.
name: Roy, S.
name: Scheidenberger, C.
name: Steck, M.
name: Streicher, B.
name: Stuhl, L.
name: Thürauf, M.
name: Uesaka, T.
name: Weick, H.
name: Winfield, J.
name: Winters, D.
name: Woods, P.
name: Yamaguchi, T.
name: Yue, K.
name: Zenihiro, J.
Publisher: name: GSI Helmholtzzentrum fuer Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt
Year: 2015
Subjects: Physics

description: GSI Scientific Report 2014 - GSI Report 2015-1
Starboard or port tack? : navigating a course to recognition and reconciliation of aboriginal title to ocean spaces
Creators: name: Brown, C. Rebecca
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: In British Columbia, fifty-one First Nations have filed Statements of Intent signifying their interest in negotiating a treaty with Canada and the Province of British Columbia since the establishment of the British Columbia Treaty Commission in 1993. Twenty-seven of these First Nations participants claim ocean spaces within their traditional territories. Academic research and writing over the last decade has focussed on Aboriginal title to land, with little, if any reference, to ocean spaces. The concept of Aboriginal title was recently recognized by the courts in Delgamuukw v. British Columbia. My research will explore what information and legal principles could be utilized to recognize Aboriginal title to ocean spaces within the Canadian legal context, and therefore provide some bases for First Nations in substantiating their claims. My analysis will begin with a review of international law principles surrounding title to and jurisdiction over ocean spaces. Following which, I will delineate the sources available for recognizing such a theory, starting with a review of the concepts of Aboriginal title as determined in Delgamuukw and their applicability to ocean spaces. Delgamuukw has affirmed Aboriginal perspectives are an integral part of the investigation of Aboriginal title, and voices of members of two particular First Nations being the Haida Nation and the Tsawwassen First Nation, with whom I visited, will be included. Rounding out the sources will be a review of comparative legal concepts drawn from the United States and Australian experiences, and the principles espoused within international human rights materials. Having established the avenues for recognition of this concept, I then turn to discussion of its reconciliation within the Canadian legal context by reviewing theories of co-management and examining a number of settlement instruments that have yielded some degree of reconciliation between the federal government and the particular First Nation or Province involved. Comments from First Nations in respect of the obstacles that hold back reconciliation will be noted. In conclusion, my research will deduce Aboriginal title to ocean spaces is a viable legal concept in Canada, and First Nations have the resources necessary to substantiate their claims. Comments about the possibilities that may result at the treaty table or in the courts upon recognition of this concept will also be discussed. This analysis is timely and important as many First Nations are nearing the stage of the treaty process where discussions will be directed towards what territories these First Nations groups will retain and what ownership, jurisdiction and rights they will enjoy as to ocean spaces and resources. Such issues directly relate to the continued way of life, culture, and sustainable economic growth and stability of First Nation communities into the twenty-first century.
Optimization by thermal cycling
Creators: name: Mobius, A.
name: Neklioudov, A.
name: Diaz-Sanchez, A.
name: Hoffmann, K. H.
name: Fachat, A.
name: Schreiber, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An optimization algorithm is presented which consists of cyclically heating and quenching by Metropolis and local search procedures, respectively. It works particularly well when it is applied to an archive of samples instead of to a single one. We demonstrate for the traveling salesman problem that this algorithm is far more efficient than usual simulated annealing; our implementation can compete concerning speed with recent, very fast genetic local search algorithms.
description: Basic reference to a proceedings contribution submitted today. Latex, 5 pages, 1 figure
Gamma-ray binaries: pulsars in disguise ?
Creators: name: Dubus, Guillaume
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: LS 5039 and LSI +61 303 are unique amongst high-mass X-ray binaries (HMXB) for their spatially-resolved radio emission and their counterpart at >GeV gamma-ray energies, canonically attributed to non-thermal particles in an accretion-powered relativistic jet. The only other HMXB known to emit very high energy (VHE) gamma-rays, PSR B1259-63, harbours a non-accreting millisecond pulsar. I investigate whether the interaction of the relativistic wind from a young pulsar with the wind from its stellar companion, as in PSR B1259-63, constitutes a viable scenario to explain the observations of LS 5039 and LSI +61 303. Emission would arise from the shocked pulsar wind material, which then flows away to large distances in a comet-shape tail, reproducing on a smaller scale what is observed in isolated, high motion pulsars interacting with the ISM. Simple expectations for the SED are derived and are shown to depend on few input parameters. Detailed modelling of the particle evolution is compared to the observations from radio to TeV energies. Acceleration at the shock provides high energy electrons that steadily emit synchrotron in X-rays and inverse Compton scatter stellar light to gamma-rays. Electrons streaming out of the system emit at IR frequencies and below. The overall aspect of the SEDs is adequately reproduced for standard values of the parameters. The morphology of the radio tail can mimic a microquasar jet. Good agreement is found with the published VLBI map of LS 5039 and predictions are made on the expected change in appearance with orbital phase. The pulsar wind scenario can provide a common, viable framework to interpret the emission from all three gamma-ray binaries.
description: 20 pages, 20 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
Generation and Characterization of Large Non-Gaussianities in Single Field Inflation
Creators: name: Chen, Xingang
name: Easther, Richard
name: Lim, Eugene A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Inflation driven by a single, minimally coupled, slowly rolling field generically yields a negligible primordial non-Gaussianity. We discuss two distinct mechanisms by which a non-trivial potential can generate large non-Gaussianities. Firstly, if the inflaton traverses a feature in the potential, or if the inflationary phase is short enough so that initial transient contributions to the background dynamics have not been erased, modes near horizon-crossing can acquire significant non-Gaussianities. Secondly, potentials with small-scale structure may induce significant non-Gaussianities while the relevant modes are deep inside the horizon. The first case includes the "step" potential we previously analyzed while the second "resonance" case is novel. We derive analytic approximations for the 3-point terms generated by both mechanisms written as products of functions of the three individual momenta, permitting the use of efficient analysis algorithms. Finally, we present a significantly improved approach to regularizing and numerically evaluating the integrals that contribute to the 3-point function.
description: 29 pp, 8 figs
Spin coherence on the ferromagnetic spherical surface
Creators: name: Moura, A. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spintronics on flat surfaces has been studied over the years, and the scenario is relatively well-known; however, there is a lack of information when we consider non-flat surfaces. In this paper, we are concerned about the spin dynamics of the ferromagnetic model on the spherical surface. We use the Schwinger bosonic formalism for describing the thermodynamics of spin operators in terms of spinon operators. Opposite to the flat two-dimensional model, which is disordered at finite temperature, the curvature of the spherical surface provides non-zero critical temperature for Schwinger boson condensation, which characterizes order at finite temperature even in the absence of external magnetic fields. The thermodynamics is then analyzed in the low-temperature regime. In addition, we consider the presence of both static and oscillating magnetic fields, the necessary condition for inducing the ferromagnetic resonance, and we show systematically that the studied model is well-described by $SU(2)$ coherent states, which provides the correct dynamics of the magnetization. The archived results can be applied for describing a diversity of experiments such as spin superfluidity, angular momentum injection by spin pumping and spin-transfer torque in non-conventional junctions, magnon dissipation, and magnetoelectronics on the spherical surface.
Evangelische Kirche in Deutschland, deutsche Bischofskonferenz: Verantwortung wahrnehmen für die Schöpfung...
Creators: name: Hd.
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 34 Nr. 4 (1985): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 34, Heft 4
Infinite degeneracy of Landau levels from the Euclidean symmetry with central extension revisited
Creators: name: Murgan, Rajan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The planar Landau system which describes the quantum mechanical motion of a charged particle in a plane with a uniform magnetic field perpendicular to the plane, is explored within pedagogical settings aimed at the beginning graduate level. The system is known to possess the Euclidean symmetry in two dimensions with central extension $\bar{E}(2)$. In this paper, we revisit the well-known energy eigenvalues of the system, known as the Landau levels, by exploiting the related $\bar{e}(2)$ symmetry algebra. Specifically, we utilize the Casimir operator and the commutation relations of the generators of the $\bar{E}(2)$ group. More importantly, an algebraic formalism on this topic based on Schwinger's oscillator model of angular momentum is also presented. The dimensions of irreducible representations of the $\bar{E}(2)$ group and their implications on the degeneracy of Landau levels is discussed.
description: 20 pages; typos corrected
On a new unitarization scheme inspired by Dalitz and Tuan applied to meson-meson and meson-baryon scattering
Creators: name: Kleefeld, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new crossing symmetric unitarization scheme conveniently applied to meson-meson and meson-baryon scattering amplitudes is shortly proposed which can be not only used by theoreticians to unitarize arbitrary theoretical reaction amplitudes resulting from phenomenological Lagrangeans for mesons and baryons, yet also by experimentalists to generate realistic unitary fitting formulae for meson-meson and meson-baryon scattering observables sharing on one hand all the features of the underlying theoretical amplitudes, on the other hand allowing direct comparison to these amplitudes. The new unitarization scheme has been inspired by the Dalitz and Tuan representation, the basic ansatz of which is that "... the phases caused by different sources add ..." (using the words of B.S. Zou, D.V. Bugg, Phys. Rev. D 50 (1994) 591).
description: 4 pages, 3 figures; contribution to Proc. Int. Europhysics Conf. on High Energy Physics (HEP2005), 21-27.7.2005, Lisboa, Portugal; PoS(HEP2005)108
Reinforcement Learning Based Dynamic Function Splitting in Disaggregated Green Open RANs
Creators: name: Pamuklu, Turgay
name: Erol-Kantarci, Melike
name: Ersoy, Cem
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: With the growing momentum around Open RAN (O-RAN) initiatives, performing dynamic Function Splitting (FS) in disaggregated and virtualized Radio Access Networks (vRANs), in an efficient way, is becoming highly important. An equally important efficiency demand is emerging from the energy consumption dimension of the RAN hardware and software. Supplying the RAN with Renewable Energy Sources (RESs) promises to boost the energy-efficiency. Yet, FS in such a dynamic setting, calls for intelligent mechanisms that can adapt to the varying conditions of the RES supply and the traffic load on the mobile network. In this paper, we propose a reinforcement learning (RL)-based dynamic function splitting (RLDFS) technique that decides on the function splits in an O-RAN to make the best use of RES supply and minimize operator costs. We also formulate an operational expenditure minimization problem. We evaluate the performance of the proposed approach on a real data set of solar irradiation and traffic rate variations. Our results show that the proposed RLDFS method makes effective use of RES and reduces the cost of an MNO. We also investigate the impact of the size of solar panels and batteries which may guide MNOs to decide on proper RES and battery sizing for their networks.
description: Accepted Paper. 20XX IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works
A review of one-phase Hele-Shaw flows and a level-set method for non-standard configurations
Creators: name: Morrow, Liam C.
name: Moroney, Timothy J.
name: Dallaston, Michael C.
name: McCue, Scott W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The classical model for studying one-phase Hele-Shaw flows is based on a highly nonlinear moving boundary problem with the fluid velocity related to pressure gradients via a Darcy-type law. In a standard configuration with the Hele-Shaw cell made up of two flat stationary plates, the pressure is harmonic. Therefore, conformal mapping techniques and boundary integral methods can be readily applied to study the key interfacial dynamics, including the Saffman-Taylor instability and viscous fingering patterns. As well as providing a brief review of these key issues, we present a flexible numerical scheme for studying both standard and non-standard Hele-Shaw flows. Our method consists of using a modified finite difference stencil in conjunction with the level set method to solve the governing equation for pressure on complicated domains and track the location of the moving boundary. Simulations show that our method is capable of reproducing the distinctive morphological features of the Saffman-Taylor instability on a uniform computational grid. By making straightforward adjustments, we show how our scheme can easily be adapted to solve for a wide variety of non-standard configurations, including cases where the gap between the plates is linearly tapered, the plates are separated in time, and the entire Hele-Shaw cell is rotated at a given angular velocity.
Bandgap Narrowing in Quantum Wires
Creators: name: Nozari, Kourosh
name: Madadi, Mahyar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we consider two different geometry of quasi one-dimensional semiconductors and calculate their exchange-correlation induced bandgap renormalization (BGR) as a function of the electron-hole plasma density and quantum wire width. Based on different fabrication scheme, we define suitable external confinement potential and then leading-order GW dynamical screening approximation is used in the calculation by treating electron-electron Coulomb interaction and electron-optical phonon interaction. Using a numerical scheme, screened Coulomb potential, probability of different states, profile of charge density and the values of the renormalized gap energy are calculated and the effects of variation of confinement potential width and temperature are studied.
description: 17 Pages, 4 Figures
Why Gravitational Contraction Must be Accompanied by Emission of Radiation Both in Newtonian and Einstein Gravity
Creators: name: Mitra, Abhas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By using virial theorem, Helmholtz and Kelvin showed that the contraction of a bound self-gravitating system must be accompanied by release of radiation energy irrespective of the details of the contraction process. This happens because the total Newtonian energy of the system E_N (and not just the Newtonian gravitational potential energy E_g^N) decreases for such contraction. In the era of General Relativity (GR) too, it is justifiably believed that gravitational contraction must release radiation energy. However no GR version of (Newtonian) Helmholtz- Kelvin (HK) process has ever been derived. Here, for the first time, we derive the GR version of the appropriate virial theorem and Helmholtz Kelvin mechanism by simply equating the well known expressions for the gravitational mass and the Inertial Mass of a spherically symmetric static fluid. Simultaneously, we show that the GR counterparts of global ``internal energy'', ``gravitational potential energy'' and ``binding energy'' are actually different from what have been used so far. Existence of this GR HK process asserts that, in Einstein gravity too, gravitational collapse must be accompanied by emission of radiation irrespective of the details of the collapse process. Consequently, all studies of strictly adibatic gravitational collapse are only of academic interest.
description: Minor corrections, maiden derivation of proper GR virial theorem, shows there is no strict adiabatic collapse
Test of an R$^3$B Active Target prototype with a beam of $^{58}$Ni
Creators: name: Alkhazov, G.
name: Balin, D.
name: Dobrovolsky, A.
name: Egelhof, P.
name: Inglessi, A.
name: Khanzadeev, A.
name: Kiselev, O.
name: Korolev, G.
name: Löher, B.
name: Maev, E.
name: Petrov, G.
name: Savran, D.
name: Silva, J.
name: Uvarov, L.
Publisher: name: GSI Helmholtzzentrum fuer Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt
Year: 2015
Subjects: Physics

description: GSI Scientific Report 2014 - GSI Report 2015-1