cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Turbulent Shear Acceleration
Creators: name: Ohira, Yutaka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider particle acceleration by large-scale incompressible turbulence with a lengthscale larger than the particle mean free path. We derive an ensemble-averaged transport equation of energetic charged particles from an extended transport equation which contains the shear acceleration. The ensemble-averaged transport equation describes particle acceleration by incompressible turbulence (turbulent shear acceleration). We find that for Kolmogorov turbulence, the turbulent shear acceleration becomes important in small scale. Moreover, by Monte Carlo simulations, we confirm that the ensemble-averaged transport equation describes the turbulent shear acceleration.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures. Submitted to ApJ Letters
Dark Energy From Fifth Dimensional Brans-Dicke Theory
Creators: name: Bahrehbakhsh, Amir F.
name: Farhoudi, Mehrdad
name: Vakili, Hajar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Following the approach of the induced-matter theory, we investigate the cosmological implications of a five-dimensional Brans-Dicke theory, and propose to explain the acceleration of the universe. After inducing in a four-dimensional hypersurface, we classify the energy-momentum tensor into two parts in a way that, one part represents all kind of the matter (the baryonic and dark) and the other one contains every extra terms emerging from the scale factor of the fifth dimension and the scalar field, which we consider as the energy-momentum tensor of dark energy. We also separate the energy-momentum conservation equation into two conservation equations, one for matter and the other for dark energy. We perform this procedure for different cases, without interacting term and with two particular (suitable) interacting terms between the two parts. By assuming the parameter of the state equation for dark energy to be constant, the equations of the model admit the power-law solutions. Though, the non-interacting case does not give any accelerated universe, but the interacting cases give both decelerated and accelerated universes. For the interacting cases, we figure out analytically the acceptable ranges of some parameters of the model, and also investigate the data analysis to test the model parameter values consistency with the observational data of the distance modulus of 580 SNe Ia compiled in Union2.1. For one of these interacting cases, the best fitted values suggest that the Brans-Dicke coupling constant (ω) is -7.75, however, it also gives the state parameter of dark energy (wX) equal to -0.67. In addition, the model gives the Hubble and deceleration parameters at the present time to be H0 = 69.4 (km/s)/Mpc and q0 = -0.38 (within their confidence intervals), where the scale factor of the fifth dimension shrinks with the time.
description: 16 pages, 5 figures, 3 tables
Realisierbarkeit einer Wasserstoffautarkie in Europa unter erhöhten Wasserstoffbedarfen im Jahr 2050
Creators: name: Dunkel, Philipp
name: Gross, Theresa
name: Linssen, Jochen
name: Stolten, Detlef
Publisher: name: Forschungzentrum Jülich
Year: 2023

description: IEWT 2023, Wien, Austria, 15 Feb 2023 - 17 Feb 2023
description: See attached file.
A ballistic pn junction in suspended graphene with split bottom gates
Creators: name: Grushina, Anya L.
name: Ki, Dong-Keun
name: Morpurgo, Alberto F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have developed a process to fabricate suspended graphene devices with local bottom gates, and tested it by realizing electrostatically controlled pn junctions on a suspended graphene mono-layer nearly 2 micrometers long. Measurements as a function of gate voltage, magnetic field, bias, and temperature exhibit characteristic Fabry-Perot oscillations in the cavities formed by the pn junction and each of the contacts, with transport occurring in the ballistic regime. Our results demonstrate the possibility to achieve a high degree of control on the local electronic properties of ultra-clean suspended graphene layers, a key aspect for the realization of new graphene nanostructures.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures
Subtype specific dysfunction of inhibitory interneurons in Fragile-X syndrome
Creators: name: Hewitt, Lauren T.
name: 0000-0001-7270-7679
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2022
Subjects: Inhibition
Hippocampus
Fragile-X syndrome
HCN
Whole-cell current clamp
Inhibitory interneurons
Whole-cell voltage clamp

description: Inhibitory interneurons are among the most diverse cell types in the brain; the hippocampus alone contains more than 28 different inhibitory interneurons. Dysfunction of interneurons contributes to numerous neurological disorders and their subsequent study has yielded insights into brain function and clinical interventions. This dissertation will focus on the function of inhibitory interneurons in wild type and a mouse model of Fragile X syndrome. Using whole cell current-clamp, we found that spike frequency adaptation (SFA) was highly heterogeneous in low threshold spiking interneurons in the CA1 stratum oriens of wildtype mice. Analysis with k-means clustering parsed the data set into two distinct clusters based on a constellation of physiological parameters and reliably sorted strong and weak SFA cells into different groups. Interneurons with strong SFA fired fewer action potentials across a range of current inputs and had lower input resistance compared to cells with weak SFA. Strong SFA cells also had higher sag and rebound in response to hyperpolarizing current injections. Voltage-clamp recordings showed that the hyperpolarization activated current I [subscript h] was significantly larger in strong SFA cells compared to weak SFA cells. We suggest that the weak SFA cells are canonical OLM neurons and strong SFA cells represent a previously uncharacterized type of hippocampal interneuron, and we refer to them as Low Threshold High I[subscript h](LTH) cells. Using whole-cell current-clamp recordings from fast spiking (FS) and low-threshold spiking (LTS) in area CA1 stratum oriens interneurons from wild type and FX mice, we found that input resistance and action potential firing frequency was lower in FX LTS, but not FS, hippocampal interneurons. LTS neurons were separated into oriens lacunosum molecular (OLM) and LTH groups. Input resistance and action potential firing frequency of LTH, but not OLM neurons, was lower in FX mice compared to WT. The difference in LTH cell input resistance was absent in the presence of h-channel blocker ZD7288 suggesting a difference in I [subscript h] between WT and FX LTH cells. Voltage-clamp experiments revealed that I [subscript h] was significantly higher in FX LTH cells compared to WT. My results on inhibitory hippocampal interneurons, together with previous results from excitatory pyramidal neurons, suggest that changes to voltage-gated ion channels contribute to the altered excitatory/inhibitory balance in the hippocampus in FXS.
title: The Effects of Dehydration and Rehydration on the One-Repetition Maximum Bench Press of Weight Trained Males
Creators: name: Schoffstall, James E.
Publisher: name: Old Dominion University
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04zjtrb98
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 1998

description: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of dehydration and rehydration on the one repetition maximum (1-RM) bench press of weight trained males. The ten subjects displayed the following characteristics: 25.3 ± 3.2 years old, 85.5 ± 16.4 kilograms body mass and a 117.9 ± 24.0 kilogram base-line 1-RM. Ten subjects were tested on two separate days, with one week between each test day. The subjects were randomly assigned to begin their testing in either the A protocol or the B protocol. During the A protocol testing day, the subjects completed two one repetition maximum bench press protocols in the euhydrated state, with a two hour break between the protocols. During the B protocol testing day, the subjects completed two one repetition maximum bench press protocols, one in the dehydrated state and the other in the rehydrated state, with a two-hour break between the protocols. The subjects were passively dehydrated in a sauna. All variables were measured during each trial. The data were analyzed for differences among the trials using a repeated measure ANOVA. Dehydration resulted in a significant decrease in the 1-RM bench press (p=0.0015), when compared to the euhydration-one 1-RM. There was no significant difference between the euhydration-one and the rehydration 1-RM bench press. There was a significant increase in the 1-RM bench press, when comparing the dehydration trial to the rehydration trial (p=0.0023). The following variables decreased significantly (p<0.005), as a result of the dehydration protocol: systolic blood pressure and body mass. The following variables increased significantly (p<0. 005), as a result of the dehydration protocol: hematocrit, specific gravity of urine and hemoglobin. The following variables decreased significantly (p<0.005), as a result of the rehydration protocol: rectal temperature, heart rate, hemoglobin, specific gravity of urine, and hematocrit. Body mass increased significantly (p<0.005), as a result of the rehydration protocol. A significant correlation (-0.65) exists between a lifter's percent weight consisting of lean body mass and the change in the lifter's 1-RM bench press following dehydration. In conclusion, passive dehydration in a sauna can adversely affect a lifter's muscular strength as measured in the 1-RM bench press. The adverse affects of dehydration can be negated by a two-hour rest period coupled with the intake of water.
Empowering machine learning models with contextual knowledge for enhancing the detection of eating disorders in social media posts
Creators: name: Benítez-Andrades, José Alberto
name: García-Ordás, María Teresa
name: Russo, Mayra
name: Sakor, Ahmad
name: Fernandes Rotger, Luis Daniel
name: Vidal, Maria-Esther
Publisher: name: Amsterdam : IOS Press
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: deep learning
subject: health data
subject: knowledge graphs
subject: Name entity linking
subject: natural language processing
subject: Wikidata
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::000 | Allgemeines, Wissenschaft::000 | Informatik, Wissen, Systeme::004 | Informatik

description: Social networks have become information dissemination channels, where announcements are posted frequently; they also serve as frameworks for debates in various areas (e.g., scientific, political, and social). In particular, in the health area, social networks represent a channel to communicate and disseminate novel treatments' success; they also allow ordinary people to express their concerns about a disease or disorder. The Artificial Intelligence (AI) community has developed analytical methods to uncover and predict patterns from posts that enable it to explain news about a particular topic, e.g., mental disorders expressed as eating disorders or depression. Albeit potentially rich while expressing an idea or concern, posts are presented as short texts, preventing, thus, AI models from accurately encoding these posts' contextual knowledge. We propose a hybrid approach where knowledge encoded in community-maintained knowledge graphs (e.g., Wikidata) is combined with deep learning to categorize social media posts using existing classification models. The proposed approach resorts to state-of-the-art named entity recognizers and linkers (e.g., Falcon 2.0) to extract entities in short posts and link them to concepts in knowledge graphs. Then, knowledge graph embeddings (KGEs) are utilized to compute latent representations of the extracted entities, which result in vector representations of the posts that encode these entities' contextual knowledge extracted from the knowledge graphs. These KGEs are combined with contextualized word embeddings (e.g., BERT) to generate a context-based representation of the posts that empower prediction models. We apply our proposed approach in the health domain to detect whether a publication is related to an eating disorder (e.g., anorexia or bulimia) and uncover concepts within the discourse that could help healthcare providers diagnose this type of mental disorder. We evaluate our approach on a dataset of 2,000 tweets about eating disorders. Our experimental results suggest that combining contextual knowledge encoded in word embeddings with the one built from knowledge graphs increases the reliability of the predictive models. The ambition is that the proposed method can support health domain experts in discovering patterns that may forecast a mental disorder, enhancing early detection and more precise diagnosis towards personalized medicine.
Laser Synthesis of Cerium-Doped Garnet Nanoparticles
Creators: name: Vasylkovskyi, Volodymyr
name: Bespalova, Iryna
name: Evlyukhin, Andrey
name: Zholudov, Yuriy
name: Gerasymov, Iaroslav
name: Kurtsev, Daniil
name: Kofanov, Denys
name: Slipchenko, Olena
name: Slipchenko, Mykola
name: Chichkov, Boris
Publisher: name: Basel : MDPI
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: crystalline nanoparticles
subject: garnet
subject: laser ablation in liquid
subject: laser melting in liquid
subject: scintillators
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::570 | Biowissenschaften, Biologie
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::540 | Chemie

description: The application of a pulsed laser ablation technique for the generation of cerium-doped garnet nanoparticles in liquids is investigated. The morphological and optical properties of the obtained nanoparticles are demonstrated. Features introduced by the single crystals of Gd3Al2.4Ga2.6O12:Ce3+, Lu3Al5O12:Ce3+, and Y3Al1.25Ga3.75O12:Ce3+ from which the nanoparticles are generated, as well as the parameters of a liquid media on the garnet nanoparticle generation are experimentally studied using TEM and UV-Vis spectroscopy methods. It is shown how the size, shape, and internal structure of the nanoparticles are related to the external laser ablation conditions, as well as to the laser melting processes of NPs in the colloidal solutions. This work provides important information about the generated nanoparticles, which can be used as building blocks for specially designed structures with predetermined optical properties.
Curvature Couplings in $\mathcal{N}=(2,2)$ Nonlinear Sigma Models on $S^2$
Creators: name: Jia, Bei
name: Sharpe, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Following recent work on GLSM localization, we work out curvature couplings for rigidly supersymmetric nonlinear sigma models with superpotential for general target spaces, describing both ordinary and twisted chiral superfields on round two-sphere worldsheets. We briefly discuss why, unlike four-dimensional theories, there are no constraints on Kahler forms in these theories. We also briefly discuss general issues in topological twists of such theories.
description: 17 pages; references added; typos fixed
Detailed characterisation of batch-manufactured flexible micro-grinding tools for electrochemical assisted grinding of copper surfaces
Creators: name: Steinhoff, Lukas
name: Ottermann, Rico
name: Dencker, Folke
name: Wurz, Marc Christopher
Publisher: name: London : Springer
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High-precision machining
subject: Micro production technology
subject: Micro-grinding
subject: Precision engineering
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::670 | Industrielle und handwerkliche Fertigung

description: Precision machining is becoming more and more important with the increasing demands on surface quality for various components. This applies, for example, to mirror components in micro-optics or cooling components in microelectronics. Copper is a frequently used material for this purpose, but its mechanical properties make it difficult to machine. In this study, a process strategy for finishing copper surfaces with batch-manufactured micro-grinding tools in an electrochemically assisted grinding process is demonstrated. The tool heads are manufactured from a polyimide-abrasive-suspension and silicon as a carrier substrate using microsystems technology. The matching shafts are milled from aluminium. The tools are then used on pure copper and oxidised copper surfaces. By using finer abrasives grains (1.6–2.4 µm instead of 4–6 µm) than previously, similar surface roughness values could be achieved (Ra = 0.09 ± 0.02 µm, Rz = 1.94 ± 0.73 µm) with the same grinding process. An optimised grinding process that combines the use of rough and fine tools, on the other hand, achieves significantly better surface finishes in just four grinding iterations (Ra = 0.02 ± 0.01 µm, Rz = 0.83 ± 0.21 µm). In order to achieve a further increase in surface quality, this optimised grinding process is combined with the anodic oxidation of the copper workpieces. The surface modification is done to increase the machinability of the surface by creating an oxide layer. This is confirmed by the results of scratch tests carried out, which showed less force acting on the tool during machining with the oxide layer than with a pure copper surface. To realise this within the machine tool, an electrochemical cell is shown that can be integrated into the machine so that the oxidation can be carried out immediately before the grinding process. The copper layers produced inside the electrochemical cell in the machine tool show similar characteristics to the samples produced outside. Processing the oxidised samples with the optimised grinding process led to a further reduction of about 17% in the Rz values (Ra = 0.03 ± 0.01 µm, Rz = 0.69 ± 0.20 µm). The combination of the shown grinding process and the integration of anodic oxidation within the machine tool for the surface modification of copper workpieces seems to be promising to achieve high surface finishes.
FAC-fed: Federated adaptation for fairness and concept drift aware stream classification
Creators: name: Badar, Maryam
name: Nejdl, Wolfgang
name: Fisichella, Marco
Publisher: name: Dordrecht [u.a.] : Springer Science + Business Media B.V
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Deep neural network
subject: Fairness
subject: Federated learning
subject: Hedge backpropagation
subject: Privacy
subject: Stream classification
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::000 | Allgemeines, Wissenschaft::000 | Informatik, Wissen, Systeme::004 | Informatik
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::100 | Philosophie::150 | Psychologie

description: Federated learning is an emerging collaborative learning paradigm of Machine learning involving distributed and heterogeneous clients. Enormous collections of continuously arriving heterogeneous data residing on distributed clients require federated adaptation of efficient mining algorithms to enable fair and high-quality predictions with privacy guarantees and minimal response delay. In this context, we propose a federated adaptation that mitigates discrimination embedded in the streaming data while handling concept drifts (FAC-Fed). We present a novel adaptive data augmentation method that mitigates client-side discrimination embedded in the data during optimization, resulting in an optimized and fair centralized server. Extensive experiments on a set of publicly available streaming and static datasets confirm the effectiveness of the proposed method. To the best of our knowledge, this work is the first attempt towards fairness-aware federated adaptation for stream classification, therefore, to prove the superiority of our proposed method over state-of-the-art, we compare the centralized version of our proposed method with three centralized stream classification baseline models (FABBOO, FAHT, CSMOTE). The experimental results show that our method outperforms the current methods in terms of both discrimination mitigation and predictive performance.
Sensor integration into microfluidic systems: trends and challenges
Creators: name: Buttkewitz, Marc A.
name: Heuer, Christopher
name: Bahnemann, Janina
Publisher: name: Amsterdam [u.a.] : Elsevier Science
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cell culture
subject: Fluidic devices
subject: Smartphones
subject: Wearable sensors
subject: biological marker
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::610 | Medizin, Gesundheit

description: The combination of sensors and microfluidics has become a promising approach for detecting a wide variety of targets relevant in biotechnology. Thanks to recent advances in the manufacturing of microfluidic systems, microfluidics can be manufactured faster, cheaper, and more accurately than ever before. These advances make microfluidic systems very appealing as a basis for constructing sensor systems, and microfluidic devices have been adapted to house (bio)sensors for various applications (e.g. protein biomarker detection, cell culture oxygen control, and pathogen detection). This review article highlights several successfully integrated microfluidic sensor systems, with a focus on work that has been published within the last two years. Different sensor integration methods are discussed, and the latest trends in wearable- and smartphone-based sensors are described.
Multiple charge density wave transitions in Lu_{2} Ir_{3} Si_{5} single crystal
Creators: name: Sangeetha, N. S.
name: Thamizhavel, A.
name: Tomy, C. V.
name: Basu, Saurabh
name: Awasthi, A. M.
name: Ramakrishnan, S.
name: Pal, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The physical properties of the single-crystalline samples of Lu_{2} Ir_{3} Si_{5} have been investigated by magnetic susceptibility, resistivity and heat capacity studies. We observed multiple charge density wave (CDW) transitions in all the measurements. A strong thermal hysteresis at these transitions suggests a possible first order CDW ordering. In addition, the first order nature is ascertained by a very narrow and a huge cusp (62 J/mol K) in the zero field specific heat data which also suggests a strong interchain coupling. By applying a field of 9T in the specific heat measurement, one of the CDW transitions is suppressed.
description: 6 pages, 7 figures
Facile Production of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa Virulence Factor LasB in Escherichia coli for Structure-Based Drug Design
Creators: name: Kolling, Dominik
name: Haupenthal, Jörg
name: Hirsch, Anna K. H.
name: Koehnke, Jesko
Publisher: name: Weinheim : Wiley-VCH
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: anti-infective agents
subject: LasB
subject: pathoblockers
subject: virulence factors
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::540 | Chemie

description: The human pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa has a number of virulence factors at its disposal that play crucial roles in the progression of infection. LasB is one of the major virulence factors and exerts its effects through elastolytic and proteolytic activities aimed at dissolving connective tissue and inactivating host defense proteins. LasB is of great interest for the development of novel pathoblockers to temper the virulence, but access has thus far largely been limited to protein isolated from Pseudomonas cultures. Here, we describe a new protocol for high-level production of native LasB in Escherichia coli. We demonstrate that this facile approach is suitable for the production of mutant, thus far inaccessible LasB variants, and characterize the proteins biochemically and structurally. We expect that easy access to LasB will accelerate the development of inhibitors for this important virulence factor.
Gravitational wave hints black hole remnants as dark matter
Creators: name: Domènech, Guillem
name: Sasaki, Misao
Publisher: name: Bristol : IOP Publ.
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: black hole remnants
subject: dark matter
subject: gravitational waves
subject: primordial black holes
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: The end state of Hawking evaporation of a black hole is uncertain. Some candidate quantum gravity theories, such as loop quantum gravity and asymptotic safe gravity, hint towards Planck sized remnants. If so, the Universe might be filled with remnants of tiny primordial black holes, which formed with mass M < 10 9 g. A unique scenario is the case of M ∼ 5 × 10 5 g, where tiny primordial black holes reheat the Universe by Hawking evaporation and their remnants dominate the dark matter (DM). Here, we point out that this scenario leads to a cosmological gravitational wave signal at frequencies ∼100 Hz. Finding such a particular gravitational wave signature with, e.g. the Einstein telescope, would suggest black hole remnants as DM.
Prescribed mean curvature flow of non-compact space-like Cauchy hypersurfaces
Creators: name: Gentile, Giuseppe
name: Vertman, Boris
Publisher: name: Dordrecht [u.a.] : Springer Science + Business Media B.V
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Generalized Robertson–Walker space-times
subject: Mean curvature flow
subject: Non-compactness
subject: Prescribed mean curvature
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::510 | Mathematik

description: In this paper we consider the prescribed mean curvature flow of a non-compact space-like Cauchy hypersurface of bounded geometry in a generalized Robertson–Walker space-time. We prove that the flow preserves the space-likeness condition and exists for infinite time. We also prove convergence in the setting of manifolds with boundary. Our discussion generalizes previous work by Ecker, Huisken, Gerhardt and others with respect to a crucial aspects: we consider any non-compact Cauchy hypersurface under the assumption of bounded geometry. Moreover, we specialize the aforementioned works by considering globally hyperbolic Lorentzian space-times equipped with a specific class of warped product metrics.
3D-Printed Microfluidic Perfusion System for Parallel Monitoring of Hydrogel-Embedded Cell Cultures
Creators: name: Meyer, Katharina V.
name: Winkler, Steffen
name: Lienig, Pascal
name: Dräger, Gerald
name: Bahnemann, Janina
Publisher: name: Basel : MDPI
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 3D cell culture
subject: 3D printing
subject: hydrogel
subject: membrane integration
subject: microfluidic perfusion system
subject: organ-on-chip
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::570 | Biowissenschaften, Biologie

description: The use of three-dimensional (3D) cell cultures has become increasingly popular in the contexts of drug discovery, disease modelling, and tissue engineering, as they aim to replicate in vivo-like conditions. To achieve this, new hydrogels are being developed to mimic the extracellular matrix. Testing the ability of these hydrogels is crucial, and the presented 3D-printed microfluidic perfusion system offers a novel solution for the parallel cultivation and evaluation of four separate 3D cell cultures. This system enables easy microscopic monitoring of the hydrogel-embedded cells and significantly reduces the required volumes of hydrogel and cell suspension. This cultivation device is comprised of two 3D-printed parts, which provide four cell-containing hydrogel chambers and the associated perfusion medium chambers. An interfacing porous membrane ensures a defined hydrogel thickness and prevents flow-induced hydrogel detachment. Integrated microfluidic channels connect the perfusion chambers to the overall perfusion system, which can be operated in a standard CO2-incubator. A 3D-printed adapter ensures the compatibility of the cultivation device with standard imaging systems. Cultivation and cell staining experiments with hydrogel-embedded murine fibroblasts confirmed that cell morphology, viability, and growth inside this cultivation device are comparable with those observed within standard 96-well plates. Due to the high degree of customization offered by additive manufacturing, this system has great potential to be used as a customizable platform for 3D cell culture applications.
A multivariate complexity analysis of the material consumption scheduling problem
Creators: name: Bentert, Matthias
name: Bredereck, Robert
name: Györgyi, Péter
name: Kaczmarczyk, Andrzej
name: Niedermeier, Rolf
Publisher: name: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::650 Management, Öffentlichkeitsarbeit::650 Management und unterstützende Tätigkeiten
subject: non-renewable resources
subject: makespan minimization
subject: parameterized computational complexity
subject: fine-grained complexity
subject: exact algorithms

description: The NP-hard problem MATERIAL CONSUMPTION SCHEDULING and related problems have been thoroughly studied since the 1980’s. Roughly speaking, the problem deals with scheduling jobs that consume non-renewable resources—each job has individual resource demands. The goal is to minimize the makespan. We focus on the single-machine case without preemption: from time to time, the resources of the machine are (partially) replenished, thus allowing for meeting a necessary precondition for processing further jobs. We initiate a systematic exploration of the parameterized computational complexity landscape of MATERIAL CONSUMPTION SCHEDULING, providing parameterized tractability as well as intractability results. Doing so, we mainly investigate how parameters related to the resource supplies influence the problem’s computational complexity. This leads to a deepened understanding of this fundamental scheduling problem.
Recent progress in staggered chiral perturbation theory
Creators: name: Bailey, Jon
name: Kim, Hyung-Jin
name: Lee, Weonjong
name: Yoon, Boram
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a review on recent progress in staggered chiral perturbation theory (SChPT). In the last decade, the scope of the application of SChPT has been extended beyond the level of calibration into the region of prediction with high precision. SChPT becomes an essential tool to do the data analysis reliably for physical observables calculated using improved staggered fermions. Here, we focus on the following examples: pion spectrum, pion decay constants, $\varepsilon_K$, and $π-π$ scattering amplitudes. In each subject, we review the recent progress and future prospects.
description: 6 pages, Chiral Dynamics 2012 proceeding
A mesoscopic model for the rheology of soft amorphous solids, with application to mi- crochannel flows
Creators: name: Nicolas, Alexandre
name: Barrat, Jean-Louis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a mesoscopic model for the flow of amorphous solids. The model is based on the key features identified at the microscopic level, namely peri- ods of elastic deformation interspersed with localised rearrangements of parti- cles that induce long-range elastic deformation. These long-range deformations are derived following a continuum mechanics approach, in the presence of solid boundaries, and are included in full in the model. Indeed, they mediate spatial cooperativity in the flow, whereby a localised rearrangement may lead a distant region to yield. In particular, we simulate a channel flow and find manifestations of spatial cooperativity that are consistent with published experimental obser- vations for concentrated emulsions in microchannels. Two categories of effects are distinguished. On the one hand, the coupling of regions subject to different shear rates, for instance,leads to finite shear rate fluctuations in the seemingly un- sheared "plug" in the centre of the channel. On the other hand, there is convinc- ing experimental evidence of a specific rheology near rough walls. We discuss diverse possible physical origins for this effect, and we suggest that it may be associated with the bumps of particles into surface asperities as they slide along the wall.
Bending instabilities of soft tissues
Creators: name: Destrade, Michel
name: Annaidh, Aisling Ni
name: Coman, Ciprian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Rubber components and soft tissues are often subjected to large bending deformations "in service". The circumferential line elements on the inner face of a bent block can contract up to a certain critical stretch ratio lambda_cr (say) before bifurcation occurs and axial creases appear. For several models used to describe rubber, it is found that lambda_cr = 0.56, allowing for a 44% contraction. For models used to describe arteries it is found, somewhat surprisingly, that the strain-stiffening effect promotes instability. For example, the models used for the artery of a 70 year old human predict that lambda_cr = 0.73, allowing only for a 27% contraction. Tensile experiments conducted on pig skin indicate that bending instabilities should occur even earlier there.
description: 23 pages
Supplementary Table S1_Silva et al.pdf
Creators: name: Da Silva, Thiago Henrique
name: Guimarães, Iuli Caetano da Silva Brandão
name: Martinson Martins, Mellory
name: Saran Netto, Arlindo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 70204 Animal Nutrition
subject: FOS: Animal and dairy science
subject: 70705 Veterinary Immunology
subject: FOS: Veterinary sciences
subject: 70706 Veterinary Medicine
subject: 70299 Animal Production not elsewhere classified
subject: 70202 Animal Growth and Development

description: Descriptive within-pen incidence risk (%) ofdisease and culling of weaned Holstein calves during 112 d after grouping.
Additivity and lineability in vector spaces
Creators: name: Bartoszewicz, Artur
name: Gł\cab, Szymon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Gámez-Merino, Munoz-Fernández and Seoane-Sepúlveda proved that if additivity $\mathcal A(\mathcal F)>\mathfrak c$, then $\mathcal F$ is $\mathcal A(\mathcal F)$-lineable where $\mathcal F\subseteq\mathbb R^\mathbb R$. They asked if $\mathcal A(\mathcal F)>\mathfrak c$ can be weakened. We answer this question in negative. Moreover, we introduce and study the notions of homogeneous lineability number and lineability number of subsets of linear spaces.
description: 9 pages
The defocusing $\dot{H}^{1/2}$-critical NLS in high dimensions
Creators: name: Murphy, Jason
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider the defocusing $\dot{H}^{1/2}$-critical nonlinear Schrödinger equation in dimensions $d\geq 5$. In the spirit of Kenig and Merle [Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 362 (2010), 1937--1962], we combine a concentration-compactness approach with the Lin--Strauss Morawetz inequality to prove that if a solution $u$ is bounded in $\dot{H}^{1/2}$ throughout its lifespan, then $u$ is global and scatters.
description: 17 pages
Experimental Observation of Quantum Holographic Imaging
Creators: name: Song, Xin-Bing
name: Xu, De-Qin
name: Wang, Hai-Bo
name: Xiong, Jun
name: Zhang, Xiangdong
name: Cao, De-Zhong
name: Wang, Kaige
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the first experimental observation of quantum holographic imaging with entangled photon pairs, generated in a spontaneous parametric down-conversion process. The signal photons play both roles of "object wave" and "reference wave" in holography but are recorded by a point detector providing only encoding information, while the idler photons travel freely and are locally manipulated with spatial resolution. The holographic image is formed by the two-photon correlation measurement, although both the signal and idler beams are incoherent. According to the detection regime of the signal photons, we analyze three types of quantum holography schemes: point detection, coherent detection and bucket detection, which can correspond to classical holography using a point source, a plane-wave coherent source and a spatially incoherent source, respectively. Our experiment demonstrates that the two-photon holography in the point detection regime is equivalent to the one-photon holography using a point source. Physically, the quantum holography experiment verifies that a pair of non-commutable physical quantities, the amplitude and phase components of the field operator, can be nonlocally measured through two-photon entanglement.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures
Dynamical tides excited in rotating stars of different masses and ages and the formation of close in orbits
Creators: name: Chernov, S. V.
name: Papaloizou, J. C. B.
name: Ivanov, P. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the tidal response of rotating solar mass stars, as well as more massive rotating stars, of different ages in the context of tidal captures leading to either giant exoplanets on close in orbits, or the formation of binary systems in star clusters. To do this, we adopt approaches based on normal mode and associated overlap integral evaluation, developed in a companion paper by Ivanov et al., and direct numerical simulation, to evaluate energy and angular momentum exchanges between the orbit and normal modes. The two approaches are found to be in essential agreement apart from when encounters occur near to pseudosynchronization, where the stellar angular velocity and the orbital angular velocity at periastron are approximately matched. We find that the strength of tidal interaction being expressed in dimensionless natural units is significantly weaker for the more massive stars, as compared to the solar mass stars, because of the lack of significant convective regions in the former case. On the other hand the interaction is found to be stronger for retrograde as opposed to prograde orbits in all cases. In addition, for a given pericentre distance, tidal interactions also strengthen for more evolved stars on account of their radial expansion. In agreement with previous work based on simplified polytropic models, we find that energy transferred to their central stars could play a significant role in the early stages of the circularisation of potential 'Hot Jupiters'.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Un défi de vie? Comprendre les processus psychosociaux de l'enfant pendant la transition primaire-secondaire : Éclairages à partir des données du projet TRANSCO
Creators: name: Gnanguenon, Mankponse Augustin
name: Alladatin, Judicaël
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: transition scolaire
estime de soi, habileté sociale, primaire-secondaire, Bénin.
Facteurs psychosociaux, accrochage scolaire
Décrochage scolaire
décrochage au bénin
scolarisation Afrique

description: Passer de l’environnement de l’école primaire à l’école secondaire est à la fois une étape importante et un défi auquel sont confrontés la plupart des élèves. Les défis que présente cette transition, sont dus à la disparité entre les cultures de l’école primaire et secondaire (Zeedyk et al., 2003). Bien que la majorité des enfants réussissent à faire face à ce changement, un nombre considérable d’élèves le vivent comme une période d’anxiété. Jindal-Snape & Miller (2008) considère la transition primaire-secondaire comme « a challenge of living » (un défi de vie), en raison des différents changements environnementaux et sociaux. En effet la transition primaire-secondaire peut être caractérisée par une discontinuité de l’emplacement physique des écoles, l’aliénation des groupes de pairs et l’insécurité dans les relations avec les enseignants (Ashton, 2008). Le passage primaire-secondaire est d’autant plus difficile pour les élèves vulnérables rencontrant des difficultés scolaires ou des troubles de comportement. La majorité des élèves qui présentent des troubles du comportement ont des lacunes importantes sur le plan des habiletés sociales (Fortin et al., 2001). Ce qui peut affecter considérablement leur capacité d’interaction avec leurs camarades de classe ou leurs enseignants. Pour Indal-Snape & Miller de, l’estime de soi est très déterminant dans la réussite scolaire. Il peut affecter considérablement la capacité de résilience de l’élève face aux adversités scolaires et sociales lors de la transition primaire-secondaire. Cette communication ambitionne présenter la relation entre les facteurs psychosociaux et la résilience lors de la transition primaire-secondaire. L’état psychosocial des élèves est mesuré à travers l’estime de soi, l’habileté sociale, le style éducatif des parents et la relation qu’ils entretiennent avec leurs enseignants. L’étude se base les données de projet Transco Bénin, une étude longitudinale qui explore les divers facteurs de la réussite de la transition primaire secondaire auprès d’une cohorte de 470 élèves inscrits au CM2 durant l’année académique 2020-2021. Cette étude cible particulièrement 349 de ces élèves qui sont effectivement inscrits au secondaire au cours de l’année 2021-2022. Plus de 59 % d’eux sont des filles avec un âge compris entre 10 et 17 ans. L’estime de soi des élèves a été mesurée suivant l’échelle de Rosenberg. Les résultats affichent une faible estime de soi de plus de 52 % des élèves. Le fait d’être fille ou garçon n’affecte l’estime de soi. Toutefois, l’adoption du style éducatif démocratique ou permissif des parents influence l’estime de soi des élèves.
Photoproduction of rho0 in ultra--peripheral nuclear collisions at ALICE
Creators: name: Skjerdal, Kyrre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Photoproduction of $ρ^0$ mesons in ultra-peripheral Pb+Pb collisions has been studied by the ALICE Collaboration at the CERN LHC. The strong photon flux associated with relativistic charged nuclei leads to a very large cross section for exclusive photoproduction of $ρ^0$ meson in interactions of the type $Pb + Pb \rightarrow Pb + Pb + ρ^0$. For a $ρ^0$ produced at mid-rapidity at the LHC, the photon-nucleus center of mass energy is higher than in any previous experiment. The ALICE detector is a general purpose detector dedicated to study heavy--ion collisions. ALICE has excellent performance in the low $p_T$ region, and can reconstruct charged particle tracks with 0.1 GeV/c $\leq p_T \leq 100$ GeV/c. In this analysis all tracks were required to be within ALICE's central barrel. Analysis of data from the first heavy ion run at the LHC in 2010 will be discussed in this paper.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures, prepared for the Proceedings of the International Workshop On Physics At The LHC (Kruger 2012) December 3 - 7, 2012 Protea Hotel, Kruger Gate South Africa
From pseudo-random walk to pseudo-Brownian motion: first exit time from a one-sided or a two-sided interval
Creators: name: Lachal, Aimé
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 60G15, 60G25, Secondary 60J65

description: Let $N$ be a positive integer, $c$ be a positive constant and $(U_n)_{n\ge 1}$ be a sequence of independent identically distributed pseudo-random variables. We assume that the $U_n$'s take their values in the discrete set $\{-N,-N+1,...,N-1,N\}$ and that their common pseudo-distribution is characterized by the \textit{(positive or negative) real} numbers \[\mathbb{P}\{U_n=k\}=δ_{k0}+(-1)^{k-1} c\binom{2N}{k+N}\] for any $k\in\{-N,-N+1,...,N-1,N\}$. Let us finally introduce $(S_n)_{n\ge 0}$ the associated pseudo-random walk defined on $\mathbb{Z}$ by $S_0=0$ and $S_n=\sum_{j=1}^n U_j$ for $n\ge 1$. In this paper, we exhibit some properties of $(S_n)_{n\ge 0}$. In particular, we explicitly determine the pseudo-distribution of the first overshooting time of a given threshold for $(S_n)_{n\ge 0}$ as well as that of the first exit time from a bounded interval. Next, with an appropriate normalization, we pass from the pseudo-random walk to the pseudo-Brownian motion driven by the high-order heat-type equation $\partial/\partial t=(-1)^{N-1} c\;\partial^{2N}/$ $\partial x^{2N}$. We retrieve the corresponding pseudo-distribution of the first overshooting time of a threshold for the pseudo-Brownian motion (Lachal, A.: First hitting time and place, monopoles and multipoles for pseudo-processes driven by the equation $\frac{\partial}{\partial t}=\pm \frac{\partial^N}{\partial x^N}$. Electron. J. Probab. 12 (2007), 300--353 [MR2299920]). In the same way, we get the pseudo-distribution of the first exit time from a bounded interval for the pseudo-Brownian motion which is a new result for this pseudo-process.
description: 69 pages
Study of Failed CME Core Associated with Asymmetric Filament Eruption
Creators: name: Joshi, N. C.
name: Srivastava, A. K.
name: Filippov, B.
name: Uddin, W.
name: Kayshap, P.
name: Chandra, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the multi-wavelength observations of asymmetric filament eruption, associated CME and coronal downflows on 2012 June 17-18 during 20:00-05:00 UT. We use SDO/AIA, STEREO-B/SECCHI observations to understand the filament eruption scenario and its kinematics. While LASCO C2 observations have been analyzed to study the kinematics of the CME and associated downflows. SDO/AIA limb observations show that the filament exhibits whipping like asymmetric eruption. STEREO/EUVI disk observations reveal a two ribbon flare underneath the south-eastern part of the filament that is most probably occurred due to reconnection process in the coronal magnetic field in the wake of the filament eruption. The whipping like filament eruption later gives a slow CME in which the leading edge and the core propagate respectively with the average speed of $\approx$ 540 km s$^{-1}$ and $\approx$ 126 km s$^{-1}$ as observed in the LASCO C2 coronagraph. The CME core formed by the eruptive flux-rope shows the outer coronal downflows with the average speed of $\approx$ 56 km s$^{-1}$ after reaching up to $\approx$4.33 $R_{\sun}$. Initially, the core decelerates with $\approx$ 48 m s$^{-2}$. The plasma first decelerates gradually up to the height of $\approx$4.33 $ R_{\sun}$ and then starts accelerating downward. We suggest a self-consistent model of a magnetic flux rope representing the magnetic structure of the CME core formed by eruptive filament that lost its previous stable equilibrium when reach at a critical height. With some reasonable parameters, and inherent physical conditions the model describes the non-radial ascending motion of the flux rope in the corona, its stopping at some height, and thereafter the downward motion, which are in good agreement with the observations.
description: 34 Pages, 11 Figures, 01 Table; Accepted for the Publication in the Astrophysical Journal