cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Elastic properties of LaNiO$_{3}$ from first-principles calculations
Creators: name: Masys, Šarūnas
name: Jonauskas, Valdas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 74B05

description: By applying density functional theory (DFT) approximations, we present a first-principles investigation of elastic properties for the experimentally verified phases of a metallic perovskite LaNiO$_{3}$. In order to improve the accuracy of calculations, at first we select the most appropriate DFT approaches according to their performance in reproducing the low-temperature crystalline structure and the electronic density of states observed for the bulk LaNiO$_{3}$. Then, we continue with the single-crystal elastic constants and mechanical stability for the most common rhombohedral as well as high-temperature cubic and strain-induced monoclinic phases. Together with the calculated single-crystal elastic constants, the deduced polycrystalline properties, including bulk, shear, and Young's moduli, Poisson's ratio, Vickers hardness, sound velocities, Debye temperature, and anisotropy indexes, remedy the existing gap of knowledge about the elastic and mechanical behaviour of LaNiO$_{3}$, at least from a theoretical standpoint.
description: 16 pages, 2 figures, 3 tables
อัตลักษณ์เฉพาะถิ่นของการปลูกพืชเศรษฐกิจในจังหวัดปทุมธานี: สู่การเป็นสินค้าจีไอปี 2020
Creators: name: ดรุณวรรณ กำธรเกียรติ
Publisher: name: คณะศิลปศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยธรรมศาสตร์
Year: 2021
Subjects: สิ่งบ่งชี้ทางภูมิศาสตร์
กล้วยหอมทอง
สินค้าจีไอ
อัตลักษณ์เฉพาะท้องถิ่น
ปทุมธานี

description: วารสารศิลปศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยธรรมศาสตร์, 21, 2, 190-215
Big data, open science and the brain: lessons learned from genomics
Creators: name: Fishman, Jennifer R.
name: McGowan, Michelle L.
name: Juengst, Eric T.
name: Choudhury, Suparna
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: The BRAIN Initiative aims to break new ground in the scale and speed of data collection in neuroscience, requiring tools to handle data in the magnitude of yottabytes (1024). The scale, investment and organization of it are being compared to the Human Genome Project (HGP), which has exemplified “big science” for biology. In line with the trend towards Big Data in genomic research, the promise of the BRAIN Initiative, as well as the European Human Brain Project, rests on the possibility to amass vast quantities of data to model the complex interactions between the brain and behavior and inform the diagnosis and prevention of neurological disorders and psychiatric disease. Advocates of this “data driven” paradigm in neuroscience argue that harnessing the large quantities of data generated across laboratories worldwide has numerous methodological, ethical and economic advantages, but it requires the neuroscience community to adopt a culture of data sharing and open access to benefit from them. In this article, we examine the rationale for data sharing among advocates and briefly exemplify these in terms of new “open neuroscience” projects. Then, drawing on the frequently invoked model of data sharing in genomics, we go on to demonstrate the complexities of data sharing, shedding light on the sociological and ethical challenges within the realms of institutions, researchers and participants, namely dilemmas around public/private interests in data, (lack of) motivation to share in the academic community, and potential loss of participant anonymity. Our paper serves to highlight some foreseeable tensions around data sharing relevant to the emergent “open neuroscience” movement.
The neural correlates of regulating another person's emotions: an exploratory fMRI study
Creators: name: Hallam, Glyn P.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Studies investigating the neurophysiological basis of intrapersonal emotion regulation (control of one's own emotional experience) report that the frontal cortex exerts a modulatory effect on limbic structures such as the amygdala and insula. However, no imaging study to date has examined the neurophysiological processes involved in interpersonal emotion regulation, where the goal is explicitly to regulate another person's emotion. Twenty healthy participants (10 males) underwent fMRI while regulating their own or another person's emotions. Intrapersonal and interpersonal emotion regulation tasks recruited an overlapping network of brain regions including bilateral lateral frontal cortex, pre-supplementary motor area, and left temporo-parietal junction. Activations unique to the interpersonal condition suggest that both affective (emotional simulation) and cognitive (mentalizing) aspects of empathy may be involved in the process of interpersonal emotion regulation. These findings provide an initial insight into the neural correlates of regulating another person's emotions and may be relevant to understanding mental health issues that involve problems with social interaction.
เศรษฐศาสตร์การเมือง กับการเปลี่ยนแปลงค่านิยมอุดมการณ์สู่การกลายเป็นเกษตรกรผู้ประกอบการ
Creators: name: นุชนารถ สมควร
Publisher: name: คณะศิลปศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยธรรมศาสตร์
Year: 2021
Subjects: เศรษฐศาสตร์การเมือง
การเปลี่ยนแปลง
ค่านิยมอุดมการณ์
เกษตรกรผู้ประกอบการ

description: วารสารศิลปศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยธรรมศาสตร์, 21, 2, 216-247
Functional Connectivity Disruption in Neonates with Prenatal Marijuana Exposure
Creators: name: Salzwedel, Andrew P.
name: Gao, Wei
name: Grewen, Karen
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Prenatal marijuana exposure (PME) is linked to neurobehavioral and cognitive impairments; however, findings in childhood and adolescence are inconsistent. Type-1 cannabinoid receptors (CB1R) modulate fetal neurodevelopment, mediating PME effects on growth of functional circuitry sub-serving behaviors critical for academic and social success. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of prenatal marijuana on development of early brain functional circuitry prior to prolonged postnatal environmental influences. We measured resting state functional connectivity during unsedated sleep in infants at 2–6 weeks (+MJ: 20 with PME in combination with nicotine, alcohol, opiates, and/or selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors; −MJ: 23 exposed to the same other drugs without marijuana, CTR: 20 drug-free controls). Connectivity of subcortical seed regions with high fetal CB1R expression was examined. Marijuana-specific differences were observed in insula and three striatal connections: anterior insula–cerebellum, right caudate–cerebellum, right caudate–right fusiform gyrus/inferior occipital, left caudate–cerebellum. +MJ neonates had hypo-connectivity in all clusters compared with −MJ and CTR groups. Altered striatal connectivity to areas involved in visual spatial and motor learning, attention, and in fine-tuning of motor outputs involved in movement and language production may contribute to neurobehavioral deficits reported in this at-risk group. Disrupted anterior insula connectivity may contribute to altered integration of interoceptive signals with salience estimates, motivation, decision-making, and later drug use. Compared with CTRs, both +MJ and −MJ groups demonstrated hyper-connectivity of left amygdala seed with orbital frontal cortex and hypo-connectivity of posterior thalamus seed with hippocampus, suggesting vulnerability to multiple drugs in these circuits.
Intertemporal Choice Behavior in Emerging Adults and Adults: Effects of Age Interact with Alcohol Use and Family History Status
Creators: name: Boettiger, Charlotte A.
name: Steel, Eleanor A.
name: Smith, Christopher T.
name: Kelm, Mary K.
name: Parrish, Michael H.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Adults with alcohol use disorders (AUDs) show marked immediate reward selection (or “Now”) bias in intertemporal choice tasks. This Now bias persists long into abstinence, suggesting an irreversible consequence of chronic alcohol abuse or a pre-existing AUD intermediate phenotype. However, some data show substantial Now bias among emerging adults (18–25), regardless of drinking behavior, suggesting age-dependent effects on Now bias. The objectives of the present study were to determine (1) whether Now bias is greater among emerging adults relative to adults, (2) whether any such age effect on Now bias is diminished in sub-clinical heavy alcohol users, and (3) whether having a problem drinking first degree relative is independently associated with elevated Now bias. To achieve these objectives, we used an intertemporal choice task to quantify Now bias in n = 237 healthy participants (ages 18–40; 50% female), and a wide range of non-zero alcohol use, based on the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT). We found that among non-heavy drinkers, Now bias inversely correlated with age; this relationship was not present among heavy drinkers. We found no significant relationship between AUDIT score and Now bias among emerging adults, but AUDIT scores and Now bias were positively correlated among 26–40 year olds. Additionally, non-heavy drinking adults who reported a problem drinking first degree relative showed greater Now bias compared to those not reporting familial problem drinking. While not definitive, these findings lend support for elevated Now bias in adulthood as an intermediate phenotype for AUDs. Moreover, non-additive effects of age and heavy drinking on Now bias suggest perturbations in largely common neural circuits in both groups.
Recent advances in biorefineries based on lignin extraction using deep eutectic solvents: A review
Creators: name: Lobato-Rodríguez, Álvaro
name: Gullón, Beatriz
name: Romaní, Aloia
name: Ferreira Santos, Pedro
name: Garrote, Gil
name: Del-Río, Pablo
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 40
subject: Engineering

description: Considering the urgent need for alternative biorefinery schemes based on sustainable development, this review aims to summarize the state-of-the-art in the use of deep eutectic solvent pretreatment to fractionate lignocellulose, with a focus on lignin recovery. For that, the key parameters influencing the process are discussed, as well as various strategies to enhance this pretreatment efficiency are explored. Moreover, this review describes the challenges and opportunities associated with the valorization of extraction-derived streams and highlights recent advancements in solvent recovery techniques. Furthermore, the utilization of computational models for process design and optimization is introduced, as the initial attempts at the economic and environmental assessment of this lignocellulosic bioprocess based on deep eutectic solvents. Overall, this review offers a comprehensive perspective on the recent advances in this emerging field and serves as a foundation for further research on the potential integration of deep eutectic pretreatment in sustainable multi-product biorefinery schemes.
Measuring treatment effects on dual-task performance: a framework for research and clinical practice
Creators: name: Eskes, Gail
name: Plummer, Prudence
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: The relevance of dual-task walking to everyday ambulation is widely acknowledged, and numerous studies have demonstrated that dual-task interference can significantly impact recovery of functional walking in people with neurological disorders. The magnitude and direction of dual-task interference is influenced by the interaction between the two tasks, including how individuals spontaneously prioritize their attention. Therefore, to accurately interpret and characterize dual-task interference and identify changes over time, it is imperative to evaluate single and dual-task performance in both tasks, as well as the tasks relative to each other. Yet, reciprocal dual-task effects (DTE) are frequently ignored. The purpose of this perspective paper is to present a framework for measuring treatment effects on dual-task interference, specifically taking into account the interactions between the two tasks and how this can provide information on whether overall dual-task capacity has improved or a different attentional strategy has been adopted. In discussing the clinical implications of using this framework, we provide specific examples of using this method and provide some explicit recommendations for research and clinical practice.
Cumulative Autoimmunity: T Cell Clones Recognizing Several Self-Epitopes Exhibit Enhanced Pathogenicity
Creators: name: Liblau, Roland S.
name: Wekerle, Hartmut
name: Tisch, Roland M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: T cell receptor (TCR) recognition is intrinsically polyspecific. In the field of autoimmunity, recognition of both self- and microbial peptides by a single TCR has led to the concept of molecular mimicry. However, findings made by our group and others clearly demonstrate that a given TCR can also recognize multiple distinct self-peptides. Based on experimental data we argue that recognition of several self-peptides increases the pathogenicity of an autoreactive T cell; a property we refer to as “cumulative autoimmunity.” The mechanisms of such increased pathogenicity, and the implications of cumulative autoimmunity regarding the pathophysiology of T cell-mediated autoimmune diseases will be discussed.
The Viral Interferon Regulatory Factors of KSHV: Immunosuppressors or Oncogenes?
Creators: name: Damania, Blossom
name: Jacobs, Sarah R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is a large double-stranded DNA gammaherpesvirus, and the etiological agent for three human malignancies: Kaposi’s sarcoma, primary effusion lymphoma, and multicentric Castleman’s disease. To establish and maintain infection, KSHV has evolved unique mechanisms to evade the host immune response. Cellular interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) are a critical part of the host anti-viral immune response. KSHV encodes four homologs of IRFs, vIRF1–4, which inhibit the activity of their cellular counterparts. vIRF1, 2, and 3 have been shown to interact directly with cellular IRFs. Additionally, the vIRFs have other functions such as modulation of Myc, p53, Notch, transforming growth factor-β, and NF-κB signaling. These activities of vIRFs may contribute to KSHV tumorigenesis. KSHV vIRF1 and vIRF3 have been implicated as oncogenes, making the understanding of KSHV vIRF function vital to understanding KSHV pathogenesis.
Experimental Gonococcal Infection in Male Volunteers: Cumulative Experience with Neisseria gonorrhoeae Strains FA1090 and MS11mkC
Creators: name: Hobbs, Marcia M.
name: Shafer, William M.
name: Sparling, P. Frederick
name: Jerse, Ann E.
name: Deal, Carolyn D.
name: Cohen, Myron S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Experimental infection of male volunteers with Neisseria gonorrhoeae is safe and reproduces the clinical features of naturally acquired gonococcal urethritis. Human inoculation studies have helped define the natural history of experimental infection with two well-characterized strains of N. gonorrhoeae, FA1090 and MS11mkC. The human model has proved useful for testing the importance of putative gonococcal virulence factors for urethral infection in men. Studies with isogenic mutants have improved our understanding of the requirements for gonococcal LOS structures, pili, opacity proteins, IgA1 protease, and the ability of infecting organisms to obtain iron from human transferrin and lactoferrin during uncomplicated urethritis. The model also presents opportunities to examine innate host immune responses that may be exploited or improved in development and testing of gonococcal vaccines. Here we review results to date with human experimental gonorrhea.
Modeling of Magnetic Stars
Creators: name: Petit, Véronique
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Massive stars, magnetic fields, spectropolarimetry

description: Magnetic fields can be found at the surface of non-degenerate stars all over the HR diagram. Their nature is split between those contemporaneously generated by dynamo mechanism (e.g. low mass MS stars) and those of fossil origins (e.g. high mass MS stars). This means that there are fundamental differences in their observed properties — for example, while magnetic fields of low-mass stars are ubiquitous and variables on many time scales, magnetic fields are only found in 10% of high-mass stars and their topologies are generally simple and stable. This said, the way we use polarization to detect these fields, and the way we model this polarization to infer magnetic fields characteristics is very similar for all stars. I will discuss how the modeling of time-domain spectropolarimetry to can be used to recover the field topology. While the time variation of the polarization signal is necessary for studying field topologies, it can also make the search for fossil fields difficult as they are not present in all massive stars — thus in the context of surveys, it might be ambigous whether a non-detection implies the absence of a field or is a result of a badly-timed observation. I will discuss spectropolarimeric surveys efforts that, when combined with an understanding of detection biases, have been very successful in establishing the properties of fossil fields. However, these blind survey tactics require too much observing time to efficiently increasing the number of known magnetic massive stars, which would be essential to establish the origin of these fossil fields. I will also discuss targeted survey efforts that leverage other proxies for the presence of fossil fields, such as chemical peculiarities and magnetospheric emission. Finally, I will briefly discuss the impact of fossil field on stellar evolution and on the ultimate demise of massive stars.
Microbial Communities and Chemosynthesis in Yellowstone Lake Sublacustrine Hydrothermal Vent Waters
Creators: name: Yang, Tingting
name: Aguilar, Carmen
name: Cuhel, Russell
name: Teske, Andreas
name: Lyons, Shawn
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Five sublacustrine thermal spring locations from 1 to 109 m water depth in Yellowstone Lake were surveyed by 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing in relation to their chemical composition and dark CO2 fixation rates. They harbor distinct chemosynthetic bacterial communities, depending on temperature (16–110°C) and electron donor supply (H2S <1 to >100 μM; NH3 <0.5 to >10 μM). Members of the Aquificales, most closely affiliated with the genus Sulfurihydrogenibium, are the most frequently recovered bacterial 16S rRNA gene phylotypes in the hottest samples; the detection of these thermophilic sulfur-oxidizing autotrophs coincided with maximal dark CO2 fixation rates reaching near 9 μM C h−1 at temperatures of 50–60°C. Vents at lower temperatures yielded mostly phylotypes related to the mesophilic gammaproteobacterial sulfur oxidizer Thiovirga. In contrast, cool vent water with low chemosynthetic activity yielded predominantly phylotypes related to freshwater Actinobacterial clusters with a cosmopolitan distribution.
สักขาลาย: อัตลักษณ์ของกลุ่มชาติพันธุ์ผู้ไท
Creators: name: ศุภรัตน์ แสงฉัตรแก้ว
Publisher: name: คณะศิลปศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยธรรมศาสตร์
Year: 2021
Subjects: อัตลักษณ์
สักขาลาย
กลุ่มชาติพันธุ์ผู้ไท

description: วารสารศิลปศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยธรรมศาสตร์, 21, 2, 248-273
A hybrid TIM-NOMA scheme for the SISO Broadcast Channel
Creators: name: Kalokidou, Vaia
name: Johnson, Oliver
name: Piechocki, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Future mobile communication networks will require enhanced network efficiency and reduced system overhead due to their user density and high data rate demanding applications of the mobile devices. Research on Blind Interference Alignment (BIA) and Topological Interference Management (TIM) has shown that optimal Degrees of Freedom (DoF) can be achieved, in the absence of Channel State Information (CSI) at the transmitters, reducing the network's overhead. Moreover, the recently emerged Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) scheme suggests a different multiple access approach, compared to the current orthogonal methods employed in 4G networks, resulting in high capacity gains. Our contribution is a hybrid TIM-NOMA scheme in Single-Input-Single-Output (SISO) K-user cells, in which users are divided into T groups, and 1/T DoF is achieved for each user. By superimposing users in the power domain, we introduce a two-stage decoding process, managing 'inter-group' interference based on the TIM principles, and 'intra-group' interference based on Successful Interference Cancellation (SIC), as proposed by NOMA. We show that for high SNR values the hybrid scheme can improve the sum rate by at least 100% when compared to Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA).
description: 6 pages, 6 figures, submitted to IEEE ICC'15 - IEEE SCAN Workshop
Pseudo-five-component organocatalyzed synthesis of dicyanoanillines using only malononitrile and aromatic aldehydes
Creators: name: Abaee, M. Saeed
name: Hatamifard, Arezo
name: Mojtahedi, Mohammad M.
name: Notash, Behrouz
name: Naderi, Soheila
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: A pseudo-five-component reaction leading to efficient synthesis of dicyanoanillines was developed using only aromatic aldehydes and malononitrile as the starting reactants. Mechanistic studies suggested that a malononitrile dimer and the Knoevenagel condensation product of benzaldehyde, initially formed in the reaction mixture, combine with a fourth equivalent of malononitrile to form the final product. X-ray crystallography analysis of one of the derivatives confirmed the structure of the products.
HardwareX submission - Highly-Customizable 3D Printed Peristaltic Pump Kit
Creators: name: Ching, Terry
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Education

description: Click the link "Associated projects" to access the files. This project contains (1) STL files to 3D print the pump kit component (2) Arduino code for the operation of the pump, and (3) Arduino code for flowrate calibration tool
Wolf, Hubert (Hg.): Karl Rahner - Theologische und philosphishe Zeitfragen im katholischen deutschen Raum (1943)
Publisher: name: Herder Korrespondenz
Year: 1970

description: Herder Korrespondenz, Bd. 48 Nr. 6 (1994): Herder Korrespondenz, Band 48, Heft 6
A combined radio and GeV gamma-ray view of the 2012 and 2013 flares of Mrk 421
Creators: name: Hovatta, T.
name: Petropoulou, M.
name: Richards, J. L.
name: Giannios, D.
name: Wiik, K.
name: Baloković, M.
name: Lähteenmäki, A.
name: Lott, B.
name: Max-Moerbeck, W.
name: Ramakrishnan, V.
name: Readhead, A. C. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In 2012 Markarian 421 underwent the largest flare ever observed in this blazar at radio frequencies. In the present study, we start exploring this unique event and compare it to a less extreme event in 2013. We use 15 GHz radio data obtained with the Owens Valley Radio Observatory 40-m telescope, 95 GHz millimeter data from the Combined Array for Research in Millimeter-Wave Astronomy, and GeV gamma-ray data from the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope. The radio light curves during the flaring periods in 2012 and 2013 have very different appearances, both in shape and peak flux density. Assuming that the radio and gamma-ray flares are physically connected, we attempt to model the most prominent sub-flares of the 2012 and 2013 activity periods by using the simplest possible theoretical framework. We first fit a one-zone synchrotron self-Compton (SSC) model to the less extreme 2013 flare and estimate parameters describing the emission region. We then model the major gamma-ray and radio flares of 2012 using the same framework. The 2012 gamma-ray flare shows two distinct spikes of similar amplitude, so we examine scenarios associating the radio flare with each spike in turn. In the first scenario, we cannot explain the sharp radio flare with a simple SSC model, but we can accommodate this by adding plausible time variations to the Doppler beaming factor. In the second scenario, a varying Doppler factor is not needed, but the SSC model parameters require fine tuning. Both alternatives indicate that the sharp radio flare, if physically connected to the preceding gamma-ray flares, can be reproduced only for a very specific choice of parameters.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures, MNRAS accepted
Chiral pool approach to the total synthesis of phomonol
Creators: name: Dada, Ravikrishna
name: Yaragorla, Srinivasarao
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: Plant Biology

description: We report a stereoselective total synthesis of a natural product, phomonol, from readily available D-aspartic acid. The key steps include Wittig olefination, Sharpless asymmetric dihydroxylation, Grignard addition, diastereoselective reductive etherification and Wacker oxidation.
Chemoselective reduction of nitroaromatics using recyclable alumina-supported nickel nanoparticles in aqueous medium—exploration to one pot synthesis of benzimidazoles
Creators: name: Ghatak, Avishek
name: Bhar, Sanjay
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: An economical and eco-compatible synthetic protocol for chemoselective and regioselective reduction of nitroaromatics in water has been achieved using easily accessible alumina-supported nickel nanoparticles as a stable recyclable heterogeneous catalyst. Various sensitive substituents like allyloxy, benzyloxy, t-butyldimethylsilyloxy, hydroxymethyl, alkoxycarbonyl, formyl, keto, carboxylic acid, chloro, bromo, azo and cyano were tolerated in the aforesaid protocol. This method has been extended for the construction of imidazole derivatives through one-pot reductive condensation of 2-nitroaniline with diversely substituted benzaldehydes. Some of the synthesized imidazoles have been used as antibacterial, antiplatelet and antithrombotic agents.
On Lorentzian two-symmetric manifolds of dimension four
Creators: name: Zaeim, A.
name: Chaichi, M.
name: Aryanejad, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53B30, 53C35, 53C30

description: We study curvature properties of four-dimensional Lorentzian manifold with two-symmetry property. We then consider Einstein-like metrics, Ricci solitons and homogeneity over these spaces.
Alpha-amination of labdane-type diterpenes by organocatalysis
Creators: name: Calderón-Rangel, David
name: García-Gutiérrez, Hugo A.
name: del Río, Rosa E.
name: Thomassigny, Christine
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Developmental Biology

description: The first electrophilic α-amination reaction of labdane-type diterpene (−)-(5S,9S,10S,13S)-labd-7-en-15-oic acid and (+)-(5S,8R,9R,10S,13R)-8-hydroxylabdan-15-oic acid, isolated from aerial parts of Ageratina jocotepecana is presented. In the presence of dibenzylazodicarboxylate and proline followed by an in situ reduction, the corresponding hydrazino alcohols were obtained. It is demonstrated that the first diterpene moiety had no influence in the diastereoselectivity that is then controlled by the catalyst used, at the opposite to the second diterpene that mainly control the diastereochemistry of the product.
The Astrophysics of Resonant Orbits in the Kerr Metric
Creators: name: Brink, Jeandrew
name: Geyer, Marisa
name: Hinderer, Tanja
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper gives a complete characterization of resonant orbits in a Kerr spacetime. A resonant orbit is defined as a geodesic for which the longitudinal and radial orbital frequencies are commensurate. Our analysis is based on expressing the resonance condition in its most symmetric form using Carlson's integrals. We provide a number of concise formulae for the dependence of resonances on the system parameters. Resonant effects may be observable during the in-spiral of a compact object into a super-massive black hole. When the slowly evolving orbital frequencies pass through a series of low-order resonances, rapid changes in the orbital parameters could produce measurable phase shifts in the emitted gravitational radiation (GW). Resonant orbits may also capture dust leading to electromagnetic emission. The KAM theorem indicates that, low order resonant orbits demarcate the regions where the onset of chaos could occur around a perturbed black-hole. We find that the 1/2 and 2/3 resonances occur at ~4 and 5.4 Schwarzschild radii (Rs) from the event horizon. For compact object in-spirals around super-massive black holes, this region lies within the sensitivity band of space-based GW detectors. For Sgr A*, length scales of ~41 and 55 microarcseconds and timescales of 50 and 79 min respectively should be associated with resonant effects, if Sgr A* is non-spinning. Spin decreases these values by up to ~32% and ~28%. These length-scales are potentially resolvable with VLBI measurements. We find that all low-order resonances are localized to the strong field region r < 50 Rs. This fact guarantees the validity of using approximations based on averaging to model the frequency evolution of a test object in region 50 Rs
description: 25 Pages, 17 figures
Salmonella and Caspase-1: A complex Interplay of Detection and Evasion
Creators: name: Miao, Edward A.
name: Rajan, Jayant V.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Salmonellae are intracellular pathogens that replicate within epithelial cells and macrophages, and are a significant public health threat in both developed and developing countries. The innate immune system detects microbes through pattern recognition receptors, which are compartmentalized on the subcellular level to detect either extracellular (e.g., TLRs) or cytosolic (e.g., NLRs) perturbations. Salmonella infection is detected by the NLRC4 and NLRP3 inflammasomes, which activate Caspase-1, resulting in reduced bacterial burdens during infection. NLRC4 responds to the SPI1 type III secretion system via detection of inadvertently translocated flagellin and rod protein. The signals for NLRP3 detection during Salmonella infection remain undefined. Salmonella have evolved evasion strategies to attenuate Caspase-1 responses. We review recent findings describing the interplay between detection and evasion of S. typhimurium infection by the inflammasome. We discuss how the interplay between detection and evasion affects Caspase-1 effector functions mediated by IL-1β secretion, IL-18 secretion, and pyroptosis.
MICRO POWER GENERATORS BASED ON SEMI-PASSIVE OSCILLATIONS OF AIRFOILS
Creators: Farooq, Hamayun
Khalid, Muhammad Saif Ullah
Akhtar, Imran
Hemmati, Arman
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2022

Conference abstract. Part of the Proceedings of the Canadian Society for Mechanical Engineering International Congress 2022.
Vaccines for Gonorrhea: Can We Rise to the Challenge?
Creators: name: Jerse, Ann E.
name: Chen, Ching-Ju
name: Zhu, Weiyan
name: Thomas, Christopher E.
name: Anderson, James E.
name: Sparling, P. Frederick
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Immune responses to the gonococcus after natural infection ordinarily result in little immunity to reinfection, due to antigenic variation of the gonococcus, and redirection or suppression of immune responses. Brinton and colleagues demonstrated that parenteral immunization of male human volunteers with a purified pilus vaccine gave partial protection against infection by the homologous strain. However, the vaccine failed in a clinical trial. Recent vaccine development efforts have focused on the female mouse model of genital gonococcal infection. Here we discuss the state of the field, including our unpublished data regarding efficacy in the mouse model of either viral replicon particle (VRP) vaccines, or outer membrane vesicle (OMV) vaccines. The OMV vaccines failed, despite excellent serum and mucosal antibody responses. Protection after a regimen consisting of a PorB-VRP prime plus recombinant PorB boost was correlated with apparent Th1, but not with antibody, responses. Protection probably was due to powerful adjuvant effects of the VRP vector. New tools including novel transgenic mice expressing human genes required for gonococcal infection should enable future research. Surrogates for immunity are needed. Increasing antimicrobial resistance trends among gonococci makes development of a vaccine more urgent.
Is there a super-selection rule in quantum cosmology?
Creators: name: Santini, E. Sergio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A certain approach to solving the Wheeler-DeWitt equation in quantum cosmology, which is based on a type of super-selection rule by which negative frequency solutions are discarded, is discussed. In a preliminary analysis, we recall well known results in relativistic quantum field theory, showing that adopt this approach of super-selection by discarding a sector of the frequencies, does not lead to acceptable results. In the area of quantum cosmology a qualitatively similar result is obtained: we show that by discarding solutions of negative frequencies, which is usually done in order to demonstrate "strong" results on the resolution of the singularity, important physical processes are lost, namely the existence of cyclic solutions which, under certain reasonable assumptions, can be interpreted as processes of creation-annihilation at the Planck scale, which are typical of any relativistic quantum field theory.
description: 11 pages 13 figures
Electrochemical bromolactonization of alkenoic acids with carbon tetrabromide: Synthesis of bromomethylated γ-lactones
Creators: name: Kim, Kyeong Seop
name: Kim, Dae Young
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Electrochemical radical bromination and cyclization sequences of alkenoic acids developed in this study. This approach is environmental-friendly by using carbon tetrabromide as a bromine radical precursor. The electrochemical protocol offers a facile way to prepare bromomethylated γ-lactones derivatives in moderate to high yields.
Cross-Sector Cybersecurity Performance Goals: Impact
Creators: name: Grau, Evan
name: Mullen, Logan
name: Burrows, Hannah
name: Stancofski, Anna
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2023
Subjects: Computer Communications Networks
Computer Engineering

description: Our paper’s goal is to propose a methodology for calculating impact scores for Cyber Performance Goals (CPGs). It will begin by defining impact and then move to discussing our method for calculating impact scores, which will be composed of three parts: cost of damages of the risk addressed by the CPG, the extent to which the solution proposed by the CPG addresses the risk, and the frequency at which the risk addressed by the CPG occurs. Each of these three criteria will be scored on a scale from 0-5, giving each CPG a total score between 0 and 15. CPG impact will be determined to be low, medium, or high, based on its score being 0-5, 6-10, or 11-15, respectively. The scale of how a 0-5 is determined for each of the components of the total impact score is in our outline. Next, we will look at five of the CPGs in depth, one from each of the five NIST CSF functions. The CPGs we will discuss are Asset Inventory (Identify), Changing Default Passwords (Protect), Detecting Relevant Threats and TTPs (Detect), Vulnerability Disclosure/Reporting (Respond), and Incident Planning and Preparedness (Recover). For each of the CPGs, we will use our method to calculate an impact score for four companies (Microsoft, Amazon, Ronin, and Rockstar Games). We will compare our calculated scores with those provided by CISA, providing corroboration for our method for CPGs with the same score, and defending our reasoning for any inconsistencies. Finally, we will discuss areas for future research and improvement with our method, including acknowledging that our calculation method is generalized, and that because business and organizational contexts vary, so too will the impact of implementing each CPG.
Extragalactic sources in Cosmic Microwave Background maps
Creators: name: De Zotti, G.
name: Castex, G.
name: Gonzalez-Nuevo, J.
name: Lopez-Caniego, M.
name: Negrello, M.
name: Cai, Z. -Y.
name: Clemens, M.
name: Delabrouille, J.
name: Herranz, D.
name: Bonavera, L.
name: Melin, J. -B.
name: Tucci, M.
name: Serjeant, S.
name: Bilicki, M.
name: Andreani, P.
name: Clements, D. L.
name: Toffolatti, L.
name: Roukema, B. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the potential of a next generation space-borne CMB experiment for studies of extragalactic sources with reference to COrE+, a project submitted to ESA in response to the M4 call. We consider three possible options for the telescope size: 1m, 1.5m and 2m (although the last option is probably impractical, given the M4 boundary conditions). The proposed instrument will be far more sensitive than Planck and will have a diffraction-limited angular resolution. These properties imply that even the 1m telescope option will perform substantially better than Planck for studies of extragalactic sources. The source detection limits as a function of frequency have been estimated by means of realistic simulations. The most significant improvements over Planck results are presented for each option. COrE+ will provide much larger samples of truly local star-forming galaxies, making possible analyses of the properties of galaxies (luminosity functions, dust mass functions, star formation rate functions, dust temperature distributions, etc.) across the Hubble sequence. Even more interestingly, COrE+ will detect, at |b|> 30 deg, thousands of strongly gravitationally lensed galaxies. Such large samples are of extraordinary astrophysical and cosmological value in many fields. Moreover, COrE+ high frequency maps will be optimally suited to pick up proto-clusters of dusty galaxies, i.e. to investigate the evolution of large scale structure at larger redshifts than can be reached by other means. Thanks to its high sensitivity COrE+ will also yield a spectacular advance in the blind detection of extragalactic sources in polarization. This will open a new window for studies of radio source polarization and of the global properties of magnetic fields in star forming galaxies and of their relationships with SFRs.
description: 27 pages, 10 figures
Global hyperbolicity for spacetimes with continuous metrics
Creators: name: Sämann, Clemens
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the definition of global hyperbolicity in terms of the compactness of the causal diamonds and non-total imprisonment can be extended to spacetimes with continuous metrics, while retaining all of the equivalences to other notions of global hyperbolicity. In fact, global hyperbolicity is equivalent to the compactness of the space of causal curves and to the existence of a Cauchy hypersurface. Furthermore, global hyperbolicity implies causal simplicity, stable causality and the existence of maximal curves connecting any two causally related points.
description: 27 pages; minor corrections suggested by the referee; corrected the proof of Prop. 6.5
Head-to-Head Domain Wall Structures in Wide Permalloy Strips
Creators: name: Estevez, Virginia
name: Laurson, Lasse
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the equilibrium micromagnetic domain wall structures encountered in Permalloy strips of a wide range of thicknesses and widths, with strip widths up to several micrometers. By performing an extensive set of micromagnetic simulations, we show that the equilibrium phase diagram of the domain wall structures exhibits in addition to the previously found structures (symmetric and asymmetric transverse walls, vortex wall) also double vortex and triple vortex domain walls for large enough strip widths and thicknesses. Also several metastable domain wall structures are found for wide and/or thick strips. We discuss the details of the relaxation process from random magnetization initial states towards the stable domain wall structure, and show that our results are robust with respect to changes of e.g. the magnitude of the Gilbert damping constant and details of the initial conditions.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures, accepted in PRB
Archaea in Organic-Lean and Organic-Rich Marine Subsurface Sediments: An Environmental Gradient Reflected in Distinct Phylogenetic Lineages
Creators: name: Teske, Andreas
name: Durbin, Alan M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Examining the patterns of archaeal diversity in little-explored organic-lean marine subsurface sediments presents an opportunity to study the association of phylogenetic affiliation and habitat preference in uncultured marine Archaea. Here we have compiled and re-analyzed published archaeal 16S rRNA clone library datasets across a spectrum of sediment trophic states characterized by a wide range of terminal electron-accepting processes. Our results show that organic-lean marine sediments in deep marine basins and oligotrophic open ocean locations are inhabited by distinct lineages of archaea that are not found in the more frequently studied, organic-rich continental margin sediments. We hypothesize that different combinations of electron donor and acceptor concentrations along the organic-rich/organic-lean spectrum result in distinct archaeal communities, and propose an integrated classification of habitat characteristics and archaeal community structure.
Our Supermassive Black Hole Rivaled the Sun in the Ancient X-ray Sky
Creators: name: Amaro-Seoane, Pau
name: Chen, Xian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Sagittarius A* (SgrA*) lying in the Galactic Centre $8$ kpc from Earth, hosts the closest supermassive black hole known to us. It is now inactive, but there is evidence indicating that about six million years ago it underwent a powerful outburst where the luminosity could have approached the Eddington limit. Motivated by the fact that in extragalaxies the supermassive black holes with similar masses and near-Eddington luminosities are usually strong X-ray emitters, we calculate here the X-ray luminosity of SgrA*. For that, we assume that the outburst was due to accretion of gas or the tidal disruption of a star. We show that these cases could precipitate on Earth a hard X-ray (i.e. $hν>2~{\rm keV}$) flux comparable to that from the current quiescent sun. The flux in harder energy band $20~{\rm keV}
description: Minor changes, accepted for publication