cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Cryogenic cationic polymerization of isobutylene
Creators: name: Al-Azab, Mohamed Ali
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 34
subject: Chemical sciences
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
classificationCode: 3405
subject: Organic chemistry

description: A large number of unsaturated hydrocarbon compounds undergo cationic polymerization upon the addition of a Lewis acid catalyst. Isobutylene (IB) is one of the most active and widely used monomers for polymerization. Previous studies suggest that isobutylene polymerizes by cationic polymerization using Lewis acids such as AlCl3, TiCl4, BF3, and SnCl4 under low temperatures (-10°C to -180°C). Polyisobutylene (PIB) with molecular weight in the range of 104 to 106 has been previously produced. However, attempts to produce higher molecular weight PIB polymers in cationic polymerization using conventional Lewis acids have faced numerous difficulties. In this research, two experimental systems, namely, the glove box system and the custom-designed Closed-System Micro Reactor (CSMR) system, were used in an attempt to produce an ultra-high molecular weight PUB by bulk and solution polymerization techniques. All polymerization processes were carried out under cryogenic temperatures using liquid nitrogen, Tm = -196°C. The custom-designed CSMR system consists of six modules. It was constructed of stainless steel tubes and valves directly connected to the reagent gas cylinders. The polymerization process was carried out online, where all the reagent gases were liquefied and reacted at various temperatures. Two Lewis acids, AlCl3 and BF3, were investigated for the cationic polymerization of IB. Methylene chloride and ethyl chloride were used as solvents for dissolving the monomer and the catalysts in the experiments conducted using the glove box system. However, ethyl chloride was the only solvent used with the CSMR system. The effects of catalysts and solvents at various concentrations, as well as the effects of the reaction temperature on the molecular weight of the PIB were studied. These studies resulted in the synthesis of ultra high molecular weight PIB polymers with viscosity-average molecular weight values, M v of 9.0 x 106 to 13.4 x 106. These were achieved in the CSMR system while utilizing BF3 as the catalyst in both the bulk and solution polymerization techniques. The Viscometry technique was used as the main method of determining the molecular weight of the synthesized PIB polymers. The Light Scattering technique was used for determining the weight-average molecular weight, Mw.
Relativistic Model of Detonation Transition from Neutron to Strange Matter
Creators: name: Tokareva, I.
name: Nusser, A.
name: Gurovich, V.
name: Folomeev, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the conversion of neutron matter into strange matter as a detonation wave. The detonation is assumed to originate from a central region in a spherically symmetric background of neutrons with a varying radial density distribution. We present self-similar solutions for the propagation of detonation in static and collapsing backgrounds of neutron matter. The solutions are obtained in the framework of general relativistic hydrodynamics, and are relevant for the possible transition of neutron into strange stars. Conditions for the formation of either bare or crusted strange stars are discussed.
description: 16 pages, 4 figures. Submitted to IJMPD
Charge-Density Wave Order on a $π$-flux Square Lattice
Creators: name: Zhang, Yuxi
name: Guo, Huaiming
name: Scalettar, Richard T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effect of electron-phonon coupling (EPC) on Dirac fermions has recently been explored numerically on a honeycomb lattice, leading to precise quantitative values for the finite temperature and quantum critical points. In this paper, we use the unbiased determinant Quantum Monte Carlo (DQMC) method to study the Holstein model on a half-filled staggered-flux square lattice, and compare with the honeycomb lattice geometry, presenting results for a range of phonon frequencies $0.1 \leqslant ω\leqslant 2.0$. We find that the interactions give rise to charge-density wave (CDW) order, but only above a finite coupling strength $λ_{\rm crit}$. The transition temperature is evaluated and presented in a $T_c$-$λ$ phase diagram. An accompanying mean-field theory (MFT) calculation also predicts the existence of quantum phase transition (QPT), but at a substantially smaller coupling strength.
description: 9 pages, 13 figures
ASSESSMENT OF FACTORS INFLUENCING WOMEN’S BEHAVIOUR TOWARDS MATERNAL, INFANT AND YOUNG CHILD FEEDING IN HOMA BAY COUNTY, KENYA
Creators: name: Mutiso, Janet Mwende
name: Mutiso, Janet Mwende
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: Consumer/Household Economics
Institutional and Behavioral Economics

description: A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the award of the degree of Master of Science in Agricultural and Applied Economics Department of Agricultural Economics UNIVERSITY OF NAIROBI. Advisors: Prof. Willis Oluoch Kosura, Dr. Julius Okello Juma, Prof. Carl-Johan Lagerkvist
Limits on primordial magnetic fields from primordial black hole abundance
Creators: name: Saga, Shohei
name: Tashiro, Hiroyuki
name: Yokoyama, Shuichiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Primordial magnetic field (PMF) is one of the feasible candidates to explain observed large-scale magnetic fields, for example, intergalactic magnetic fields. We present a new mechanism that brings us information about PMFs on small scales based on the abundance of primordial black holes (PBHs). The anisotropic stress of the PMFs can act as a source of the super-horizon curvature perturbation in the early universe. If the amplitude of PMFs is sufficiently large, the resultant density perturbation also has a large amplitude, and thereby, the PBH abundance is enhanced. Since the anisotropic stress of the PMFs is consist of the square of the magnetic fields, the statistics of the density perturbation follows the non-Gaussian distribution. Assuming Gaussian distributions and delta-function type power spectrum for PMFs, based on a Monte-Carlo method, we obtain an approximate probability density function of the density perturbation, and it is an important piece to relate the amplitude of PMFs with the abundance of PBHs. Finally, we place the strongest constraint on the amplitude of PMFs as a few hundred nano-Gauss on $10^{2}\;{\rm Mpc}^{-1} \leq k\leq 10^{18}\;{\rm Mpc}^{-1}$ where the typical cosmological observations never reach.
description: 18 pages, 4 figures
AN ASSESSMENT OF DETERMINANTS OF FARMERS’ CHOICE OF DAIRY GOAT MARKETING CHANNELS IN MERU COUNTY, KENYA
Creators: name: Richard, Jenniffer Mueni
name: Richard, Jenniffer Mueni
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF MASTER OF SCIENCE DEGREE IN AGRICULTURAL AND APPLIED ECONOMICS, UNIVERSITY OF NAIROBI. Advisors: Dr. Patrick Irungu, Dr. John Busienei
Effective toughness of heterogeneous materials with rate-dependent fracture energy
Creators: name: Albertini, Gabriele
name: Lebihain, Mathias
name: Hild, François
name: Ponson, Laurent
name: Kammer, David S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate dynamic fracture of heterogeneous materials experimentally by measuring displacement fields as a rupture propagates through a periodic array of obstacles of controlled fracture energy. Our measurements demonstrate the applicability of the classical equation of motion of cracks at a discontinuity of fracture energy: the crack speed jumps at the entrance and exit of an obstacle, as predicted by the crack-tip energy balance within the brittle fracture framework. The speed jump amplitude is governed by the fracture energy contrast and by the combination of rate-dependency of fracture energy and inertia of the medium, which allows the crack to cross a fracture energy discontinuity at constant energy release rate. This discontinuous dynamics and the rate-dependence cause higher effective toughness, which governs the coarse-grained behavior of these cracks.
Additional file 10 of Acceptability and feasibility of testing for HIV infection at birth and linkage to care in rural and urban Zambia: a cross-sectional study
Creators: name: Sutcliffe, Catherine G.
name: Mutanga, Jane N.
name: Nkumbula Moyo
name: Schue, Jessica L.
name: Mutinta Hamahuwa
name: Thuma, Philip E.
name: Moss, William J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 10. Characteristics of women living with HIV and their infants attending study sites for delivery and post-natal care, 2014–2017
Cryogenic cationic polymerization of isobutylene
Creators: name: Al-Azab, Mohamed Ali
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: A large number of unsaturated hydrocarbon compounds undergo cationic polymerization upon the addition of a Lewis acid catalyst. Isobutylene (IB) is one of the most active and widely used monomers for polymerization. Previous studies suggest that isobutylene polymerizes by cationic polymerization using Lewis acids such as AlCl3, TiCl4, BF3, and SnCl4 under low temperatures (-10°C to -180°C). Polyisobutylene (PIB) with molecular weight in the range of 104 to 106 has been previously produced. However, attempts to produce higher molecular weight PIB polymers in cationic polymerization using conventional Lewis acids have faced numerous difficulties. In this research, two experimental systems, namely, the glove box system and the custom-designed Closed-System Micro Reactor (CSMR) system, were used in an attempt to produce an ultra-high molecular weight PUB by bulk and solution polymerization techniques. All polymerization processes were carried out under cryogenic temperatures using liquid nitrogen, Tm = -196°C. The custom-designed CSMR system consists of six modules. It was constructed of stainless steel tubes and valves directly connected to the reagent gas cylinders. The polymerization process was carried out online, where all the reagent gases were liquefied and reacted at various temperatures. Two Lewis acids, AlCl3 and BF3, were investigated for the cationic polymerization of IB. Methylene chloride and ethyl chloride were used as solvents for dissolving the monomer and the catalysts in the experiments conducted using the glove box system. However, ethyl chloride was the only solvent used with the CSMR system. The effects of catalysts and solvents at various concentrations, as well as the effects of the reaction temperature on the molecular weight of the PIB were studied. These studies resulted in the synthesis of ultra high molecular weight PIB polymers with viscosity-average molecular weight values, M v of 9.0 x 106 to 13.4 x 106. These were achieved in the CSMR system while utilizing BF3 as the catalyst in both the bulk and solution polymerization techniques. The Viscometry technique was used as the main method of determining the molecular weight of the synthesized PIB polymers. The Light Scattering technique was used for determining the weight-average molecular weight, Mw.
Modeling Helical Structures in Relativistic Jets
Creators: name: Hardee, P. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many jets exhibit twisted helical structures. Where superluminal motions are detected, jet orientation and pattern/flow speed are considerably constrained. In this case modeling efforts can place strong limits on conditions in the jet and in the external environment. This can be done by modeling the spatial development of helical structures which are sensitively dependent on these conditions. Along an expanding jet this sensitivity manifests itself in predictable changes in pattern speed and observed wavelength. In general, twists of low frequency relative to the local resonant frequency are advected along the expanding jet into a region in which the twist frequency is high relative to the local resonant frequency. The wave speed can be very different in these two frequency regimes. Potential effects include helical twists with a nearly constant apparent wavelength, an apparent wavelength scaling approximately with the jet radius for up to two orders of magnitude of jet expansion, or multiple twist wavelengths with vastly different intrinsic scale and vastly different wave speeds that give rise to similar observed twist wavelengths but with very different observed motion. In this paper I illustrate the basic intrinsic and observed behavior of these structures and show how to place constraints on jet conditions in superluminal jets using the apparent structures and motions in the inner 3C 120 jet.
description: 18 pages, 7 figures
CMFN: Cross-Modal Fusion Network for Irregular Scene Text Recognition
Creators: name: Zheng, Jinzhi
name: Ji, Ruyi
name: Zhang, Libo
name: Wu, Yanjun
name: Zhao, Chen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Scene text recognition, as a cross-modal task involving vision and text, is an important research topic in computer vision. Most existing methods use language models to extract semantic information for optimizing visual recognition. However, the guidance of visual cues is ignored in the process of semantic mining, which limits the performance of the algorithm in recognizing irregular scene text. To tackle this issue, we propose a novel cross-modal fusion network (CMFN) for irregular scene text recognition, which incorporates visual cues into the semantic mining process. Specifically, CMFN consists of a position self-enhanced encoder, a visual recognition branch and an iterative semantic recognition branch. The position self-enhanced encoder provides character sequence position encoding for both the visual recognition branch and the iterative semantic recognition branch. The visual recognition branch carries out visual recognition based on the visual features extracted by CNN and the position encoding information provided by the position self-enhanced encoder. The iterative semantic recognition branch, which consists of a language recognition module and a cross-modal fusion gate, simulates the way that human recognizes scene text and integrates cross-modal visual cues for text recognition. The experiments demonstrate that the proposed CMFN algorithm achieves comparable performance to state-of-the-art algorithms, indicating its effectiveness.
description: Accepted to ICONIP 2023
Drift Lagrangian for relativistic particle in intense laser field
Creators: name: Dodin, I. Y.
name: Fisch, N. J.
name: Fraiman, G. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Lagrangian and Hamiltonian functions describing average motion of a relativistic particle under the action of a slightly inhomogeneous intense laser field are obtained. In weak low-frequency background fields, such a particle on average drifts with an effective, relativistically invariant mass, which depends on the laser intensity. The essence of the proposed ponderomotive formulation is presented in a physically intuitive and mathematically simple form, yet represents a powerful tool for studying various nonlinear phenomena caused by interaction of currently available smooth ultra-intense laser pulses with plasmas.
AN EVALUATION OF FARMERS WILLINGNESS TO PAY FOR IRRIGATION WATER IN KERIO VALLEY BASIN KENYA
Creators: name: Kiprop, Jonah Kipsaat
name: Kiprop, Jonah Kipsaat
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: Agricultural Finance
Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: A Thesis Submitted to the Graduate School in Partial Fulfilment for the Requirements for the award of Master of Science Degree in Agricultural and Applied Economics of Egerton University. Advisors: Prof. Job K. Lagat, Prof. Patience Mshenga
Additional file 3 of SEQing: web-based visualization of iCLIP and RNA-seq data in an interactive python framework
Creators: name: Lewinski, Martin
name: Bramkamp, Yannik
name: Köster, Tino
name: Staiger, Dorothee
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 3 supplemental figures containing screenshots of the details tab, settings tab and a visualization example of a public human dataset (GSE99700). Screenshots of SEQing’s Details tab to deliver additional information on the selected gene to the browsing user (Supplemental Figure 1) and customization options in the Settings tab (Supplemental Figure 2). The screenshots were taken using the sample data incorporated in the github repository. Supplemental Figure 3 shows crosslink sites from a public human dataset (GSE99700) visualized using SEQing.
Hinda terminata, new combination
Creators: name: Almeida, Lúcia Massutti De
name: Milléo, Julianne
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2000
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Coccinellidae
Hinda
Hinda terminata

description: Hinda terminata (Gorham), new combination
 Figs. 21, 38–39 Hyperaspis terminata Gorham 1894:202; Korschefsky 1931:177; Blackwelder 1945:446.
 Diagnosis. Body oval­convex. Integument pale yellow with black spots on pronotum and elytra (Fig. 21). Pronotum with square central spot with lateral constriction and small invagination in anterior portion. Scutellum black. Elytra yellow, with apical triangular spot one­fourth length of elytra. Length 2.67 mm. Width 2.17 mm.
 Male. Median lobe asymmetric, smaller than parameres, very wide base; apex rounded with anterior projection. Parameres foliate and widened with long bristles along rounded borders (Fig. 38). Sipho elongate, curved, with apex wrinkled, with lateral projections and apical projection (Fig. 39).
 Female. Unknown.
 Remarks. Hinda terminata is similar to H. uncinata and H. buqueti in the yellow background of the elytra, but it differs from them in that only the elytral apex is black. Also, the male genitalia are asymmetrical, and the species has the same geographic distribution in the Atlantic Coastal region.
 Type Material. One specimen of Hyperaspis terminata, from V. de Chiriqui, 25–4,000. Champion, with the label [Hyperaspis terminata Gorham], and having two other labels: one round with orange margins, with the following written information [Type]; the other with the following data: [Lectotype, Hyperaspis terminata Gorh. GORDON 1970] (BMNH). This designation was never published however.
 Material Examined. Panama´. V. de Chiriqui, Champion leg., lectotype (BMNH). Brazil. Minas Gerais: Camanducaia (Vila Monte Verde), 15.XI.1965, J. Halik leg., one specimen (MZSP); Santa Bárbara (Serra do Caraça), 23­ 25.XI.1960, Araújo & Martins leg., two specimens (MZSP).
description: Published as part of Almeida, Lúcia Massutti De & Milléo, Julianne, 2000, Review Of The Genus Hinda Mulsant (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae, Hyperaspinae, Brachiacanthadini), pp. 68-87 in The Coleopterists Bulletin 54 (1) on pages 81-82, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065x(2000)054[0068:rotghm]2.0.co;2, http://zenodo.org/record/4900193
Reading a GEM with a VLSI pixel ASIC used as a direct charge collecting anode
Creators: name: Bellazzini, R.
name: Angelini, F.
name: Baldini, L.
name: Bitti, F.
name: Brez, A.
name: Latronico, L.
name: Massai, M. M.
name: Minuti, M.
name: Omodei, N.
name: Razzano, M.
name: Sgro, C.
name: Spandre, G.
name: Costa, E.
name: Soffitta, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In MicroPattern Gas Detectors (MPGD) when the pixel size is below 100 micron and the number of pixels is large (above 1000) it is virtually impossible to use the conventional PCB read-out approach to bring the signal charge from the individual pixel to the external electronics chain. For this reason a custom CMOS array of 2101 active pixels with 80 micron pitch, directly used as the charge collecting anode of a GEM amplifying structure, has been developed and built. Each charge collecting pad, hexagonally shaped, realized using the top metal layer of a deep submicron VLSI technology is individually connected to a full electronics chain (pre-amplifier, shaping-amplifier, sample and hold, multiplexer) which is built immediately below it by using the remaining five active layers. The GEM and the drift electrode window are assembled directly over the chip so the ASIC itself becomes the pixelized anode of a MicroPattern Gas Detector. With this approach, for the first time, gas detectors have reached the level of integration and resolution typical of solid state pixel detectors. Results from the first tests of this new read-out concept are presented. An Astronomical X-Ray Polarimetry application is also discussed.
description: 11 pages, 14 figures, presented at the Xth Vienna Conference on Instrumentation (Vienna, February 16-21 2004). For a higher resolution paper contact gloria.spandre@pi.infn.it
Mixture analysis using reduced resolution direct sampling mass spectrometry and chemometrics
Creators: name: Gardner, William Param
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: The need for field portable instrumentation has driven significant research into the development of small, portable chemical analysis systems. Direct sampling mass spectrometry (DSMS) techniques show potential for field applications due to the strong characteristics of mass spectrometric techniques. A characteristic of DSMS analysis is the simultaneous introduction of sample analytes into the mass spectrometer during analysis, which may pose problems if the samples contain analytes with overlapping mass spectra. Multivariate chemometric analysis techniques were shown to improve quantitative analysis due to the technique's ability to detect and utilize subtle differences in the mass spectra. The multivariate analysis techniques of partial least squares regression (PLS), trilinear partial least squares regression (Tri-PLS), and parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC) were shown to be useful during quantitative analysis of mixtures of toluene, ethyl benzene and cumene. The temporal profile differences of the three analytes were utilized by PARAFAC to provide improved quantitation results in the presence of unmodeled interferences, while PLS and Tri-PLS exhibited increased errors in quantitation. Recognizing the need for smaller mass spectrometers, researchers are currently developing miniature mass spectrometers that may be utilized in field portable instruments. A common characteristic of the miniature mass spectrometers is the reduction in mass resolution, which results in increased spectral overlap and potential problems during DSMS analysis. DSMS data from four data sets of analytes with overlapping spectra were synthetically reduced in resolution and quantitative analysis of the reduced resolution data showed that, in general, the quantitative performance did not significantly degrade with resolution, and the optimum quantitative analysis technique (i.e. PLS or Tri-PLS) was analyte and mixture dependant. Qualitative discriminant analysis of a mixture of seven halogenated solvents, at reduced resolutions, showed that the linear techniques of discriminant PLS and discriminant Tri-PLS outperformed the nonlinear back propagation neural network algorithm. In general, discriminant analysis performance did not significantly degrade as the resolution was reduced, and the optimum analysis technique was analyte and resolution dependant. The lack of significant degradation in quantitative and discriminant analysis performance shows that miniature mass spectrometers will be useful for future DSMS based portable instruments.
Mixture analysis using reduced resolution direct sampling mass spectrometry and chemometrics
Creators: name: Gardner, William Param
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 34
subject: Chemical sciences
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
classificationCode: 3401
subject: Analytical chemistry

description: The need for field portable instrumentation has driven significant research into the development of small, portable chemical analysis systems. Direct sampling mass spectrometry (DSMS) techniques show potential for field applications due to the strong characteristics of mass spectrometric techniques. A characteristic of DSMS analysis is the simultaneous introduction of sample analytes into the mass spectrometer during analysis, which may pose problems if the samples contain analytes with overlapping mass spectra. Multivariate chemometric analysis techniques were shown to improve quantitative analysis due to the technique's ability to detect and utilize subtle differences in the mass spectra. The multivariate analysis techniques of partial least squares regression (PLS), trilinear partial least squares regression (Tri-PLS), and parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC) were shown to be useful during quantitative analysis of mixtures of toluene, ethyl benzene and cumene. The temporal profile differences of the three analytes were utilized by PARAFAC to provide improved quantitation results in the presence of unmodeled interferences, while PLS and Tri-PLS exhibited increased errors in quantitation. Recognizing the need for smaller mass spectrometers, researchers are currently developing miniature mass spectrometers that may be utilized in field portable instruments. A common characteristic of the miniature mass spectrometers is the reduction in mass resolution, which results in increased spectral overlap and potential problems during DSMS analysis. DSMS data from four data sets of analytes with overlapping spectra were synthetically reduced in resolution and quantitative analysis of the reduced resolution data showed that, in general, the quantitative performance did not significantly degrade with resolution, and the optimum quantitative analysis technique (i.e. PLS or Tri-PLS) was analyte and mixture dependant. Qualitative discriminant analysis of a mixture of seven halogenated solvents, at reduced resolutions, showed that the linear techniques of discriminant PLS and discriminant Tri-PLS outperformed the nonlinear back propagation neural network algorithm. In general, discriminant analysis performance did not significantly degrade as the resolution was reduced, and the optimum analysis technique was analyte and resolution dependant. The lack of significant degradation in quantitative and discriminant analysis performance shows that miniature mass spectrometers will be useful for future DSMS based portable instruments.
Additional file 2 of Adverse pregnancy outcomes among women presenting at antenatal clinics in Ouélessébougou, Mali
Creators: name: Naissem Andemel
name: Santara Gaoussou
name: Amadou Barry
name: Djibrilla Issiaka
name: Almahamoudou Mahamar
name: Traore, Moussa
name: Duffy, Patrick E.
name: Alassane Dicko
name: Fried, Michal
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2 Supplementary Table 2 Pregnancy outcomes: women diagnosed with malaria (n = 228). 1Pregnancy loss (combined miscarriage, stillbirth and neonatal death)
Exploring the anisotropic HISQ (aHISQ) action
Creators: name: Bazavov, Alexei
name: Trimis, Yannis
name: Weber, Johannes Heinrich
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The fate of heavy quarkonia states in quark-gluon plasma is encoded in the temperature dependence of their spectral functions. Reconstruction of spectral functions from Euclidean lattice correlators is an ill-posed problem. Despite a variety of techniques developed recently, many questions remain unresolved. It is known that the situation may be improved using anisotropic ensembles that provide finer resolution in the temporal direction. To date, the effort focused on Wilson fermions. We report on our first study with anisotropic improved staggered quarks. To compute the spectrum of the anisotropic Highly Improved Staggered Quarks (aHISQ) we generated a library of anisotropic pure gauge ensembles. We discuss the gauge anisotropy tuning that is performed with the Wilson and Symanzik gradient flow, as well as tuning of the strange quark mass and quark anisotropy with aHISQ, using spectrum measurements on quenched ensembles. Finally, we discuss the impact of anisotropy on pion taste splittings for aHISQ.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures, The 40th International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory (Lattice 2023), July 31st - August 4th, 2023, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory
The scale-free topology of market investments
Creators: name: Garlaschelli, Diego
name: Battiston, Stefano
name: Castri, Maurizio
name: Servedio, Vito D. P.
name: Caldarelli, Guido
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Portfolio Management (q-fin.PM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: We propose a network description of large market investments, where both stocks and shareholders are represented as vertices connected by weighted links corresponding to shareholdings. In this framework, the in-degree ($k_{in}$) and the sum of incoming link weights ($v$) of an investor correspond to the number of assets held (\emph{portfolio diversification}) and to the invested wealth (\emph{portfolio volume}) respectively. An empirical analysis of three different real markets reveals that the distributions of both $k_{in}$ and $v$ display power-law tails with exponents $γ$ and $α$. Moreover, we find that $k_{in}$ scales as a power-law function of $v$ with an exponent $β$. Remarkably, despite the values of $α$, $β$ and $γ$ differ across the three markets, they are always governed by the scaling relation $β=(1-α)/(1-γ)$. We show that these empirical findings can be reproduced by a recent model relating the emergence of scale-free networks to an underlying Paretian distribution of `hidden' vertex properties.
description: Final version accepted for publication on Physica A
Chiral Radiation Transport Theory of Neutrinos
Creators: name: Yamamoto, Naoki
name: Yang, Di-Lun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct the chiral radiation transport equation for left-handed neutrinos in the context of radiation hydrodynamics for core-collapse supernovae. Based on the chiral kinetic theory incorporating quantum corrections due to the chirality of fermions, we derive a general relativistic form of the chiral transfer equation with collisions. We show that such quantum corrections explicitly break the spherical symmetry and axisymmetry of the system. In the inertial frame, in particular, we find that the so-called side jump leads to quantum corrections in the collisions between neutrinos and matter. We also derive analytic forms of such corrections in the emission and absorption rates for the neutrino absorption process. These corrections result in the generation of kinetic helicity and cross helicity of matter, which should then modify the subsequent evolution of matter. This theoretical framework can be applied to investigate the impacts of the chirality of neutrinos on the evolution of core-collapse supernovae.
description: 21 pages, no figures, very minor revisions, journal version
Generalised coherent states of spinning relativistic particles
Creators: name: Anastopoulos, Charis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct coherent states of the massless and massive representations of the Poincaré group. They are parameterised by points on the classical state space of spinning particles. Their properties are explored, with special emphasis on the geometrical structures on the state space.
description: 25 pages, extended discussion of previous bibliography; final version to appear in J. Phys. A
ADOPTION OF INTEGRATED SOIL FERTILITY MANAGEMENT TECHNOLOGIES AND ITS EFFECT ON MAIZE PRODUCTIVITY: A CASE OF THE LEGUME BEST BETS PROJECT IN MKANAKHOTI EXTENSION PLANNING AREA OF KASUNGU DISTRICT IN CENTRAL MALAWI
Creators: name: Kanyamuka, Joseph S.
name: Kanyamuka, Joseph S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Land Economics/Use
Productivity Analysis

description: A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF DEVELOPMENT STUDIES IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE IN AGRICULTURAL AND APPLIED ECONOMICS LILONGWE UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE AND NATURAL RESOUIRCES BUNDA CAMPUS. Advisors: Assoc. Prof. Charles B. L. Jumbe, Prof. Abdi Khalil Edriss, Dr. Wezi Mhango
Quasiparticle universes in Bose-Einstein condensates
Creators: name: Fischer, Uwe R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent developments in simulating fundamental quantum field theoretical effects in the kinematical context of analogue gravity are reviewed. Specifically, it is argued that a curved space-time generalization of the Unruh-Davies effect -- the Gibbons-Hawking effect in the de Sitter space-time of inflationary cosmological models -- can be implemented and verified in an ultracold gas of bosonic atoms.
description: 23 pages, 2 figures; invited brief review for Modern Physics Letters A, as published
ContextMix: A context-aware data augmentation method for industrial visual inspection systems
Creators: name: Kim, Hyungmin
name: Kim, Donghun
name: Ahn, Pyunghwan
name: Suh, Sungho
name: Cho, Hansang
name: Kim, Junmo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: While deep neural networks have achieved remarkable performance, data augmentation has emerged as a crucial strategy to mitigate overfitting and enhance network performance. These techniques hold particular significance in industrial manufacturing contexts. Recently, image mixing-based methods have been introduced, exhibiting improved performance on public benchmark datasets. However, their application to industrial tasks remains challenging. The manufacturing environment generates massive amounts of unlabeled data on a daily basis, with only a few instances of abnormal data occurrences. This leads to severe data imbalance. Thus, creating well-balanced datasets is not straightforward due to the high costs associated with labeling. Nonetheless, this is a crucial step for enhancing productivity. For this reason, we introduce ContextMix, a method tailored for industrial applications and benchmark datasets. ContextMix generates novel data by resizing entire images and integrating them into other images within the batch. This approach enables our method to learn discriminative features based on varying sizes from resized images and train informative secondary features for object recognition using occluded images. With the minimal additional computation cost of image resizing, ContextMix enhances performance compared to existing augmentation techniques. We evaluate its effectiveness across classification, detection, and segmentation tasks using various network architectures on public benchmark datasets. Our proposed method demonstrates improved results across a range of robustness tasks. Its efficacy in real industrial environments is particularly noteworthy, as demonstrated using the passive component dataset.
description: Accepted to EAAI
A Study of Excited $Ω_b^-$ States in Hypercentral Constituent Quark Model via Artificial Neural Network
Creators: name: Mutuk, Halil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we have obtained mass spectra, radiative decay widths and strong decay widths of newly observed excited $Ω_b^-$ states, i.e. $Ω_b(6316)^-$, $Ω_b(6330)^-$, $Ω_b(6340)^-$, and $Ω_b(6350)^-$. Mass spectrum is obtained in Hypercentral Constituent Quark Model (hCQM) by solving six-dimensional nonrelativistic Schrödinger equation via Artificila Neural Network (ANN). In this respect, radiative decay widhts are calculated by a generalization of a framework from meson to baryon. Also, strong decay widths of the low-lying $Ω_b$ states within $^3P_0$ model are calculated. Obtained results are presented with the comparison of available experimental data and other theoretical studies.
description: 9 pages, 3 tables, 3 figures; slight modifications on the text, numerical results revised, main conclusions unchanged
The value of muscle score in beef cattle auction markets
Creators: name: Fleming, E.
name: Griffith, G.
name: Mounter, S.
name: Villano, R.
name: Fleming, E.
name: Griffith, G.
name: Mounter, S.
name: Villano, R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis

description: There is an increasing emphasis in Australia on finding ways to improve retail beef yield, but no current way to commercially measure retail yield. However there is a strong link between muscle score of the live animal as assessed in live cattle markets and subsequent meat yield measurements. Is there a credible value for muscle score in live cattle markets, and does it reflect the implied value of increased retail yield? In this paper these questions are investigated using price data from some 550 lots of male cattle sold at Wagga Wagga saleyard during the period July 2010 to June 2011. Two different types of hedonic models are applied and tested against each other. The premium for muscle score seems to have stayed at around 12-14 per cent of the base price after the initial jump from 7.5 per cent in 1990, although for particular categories of animals, interactions between muscle score, fat score and age are important, and premiums and discounts are more like 5-6 per cent of the base price.Premiums and discounts for muscle score evident in cattle saleyard prices are over-estimates of the eventual increase in retail value, according to the assumptions made in this paper. Acknowledgement :
Continuity, change and ethnic identity in 18th century Pennsylvania red earthenware: An archaeological and ethnohistorical study
Creators: name: Gibble, Patricia Ellen
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 43
subject: History, heritage and archaeology
classificationCode: 4301
subject: Archaeology

description: This dissertation focuses on examining the stylistic, functional and symbolic roles of 18th century Pennsylvania red earthenware by achieving three objectives. First, analysis of archaeological red earthenware data enables construction of a taxonomic framework for describing and classifying 18th century Pennsylvania red earthenwares. Second, comparison of intersite red earthenware assemblages allows for the delineation of processual trends in redware styles and function. Third, red earthenware assemblages are examined to discover implicit symbolic meaning in 18th century contexts that are signified by decorative embellishments and discrete morphology. The typological system organized in this inquiry was based on the work of Turnbaugh (1983) and provides a systematic framework for describing and classifying redware data from archaeological assemblages. This systemization was applied to quantify redware materials recovered from six 18th century historical archaeological excavations situated in southeastern Pennsylvania region. In order to reveal consistencies or evolutionary change in the colonial Pennsylvania redware tradition over space and time, this study compared characteristic morphological and style attributes of redware vessels and sherds from the entire 18th century period. Comparison of the resulting processual data enabled delineation of datable redware attributes to specific period in the 18th century. Analyses of redware proposed in this dissertation also lays the foundation for future comparisons of 18th century redware data to extant 19th century redware assemblages. In addition this research attempts to define various European ethnic influences on the nascent Pennsylvania redware tradition and suggests inferences regarding the emic meaning of this utilitarian ware for early colonial citizens. Defining anthropological meaning for 18th century redware from Pennsylvania contexts is based on three theoretical post-processual perspectives. First, a social construction of the past is completed to define social relationships and ethnic conflict in the fledgling Pennsylvania province. This is accomplished through a survey of pertinent ethno-historical documents to better understand social relations for Pennsylvania immigrants. Second, meaning ascribed Pennsylvania redware is proposed by employing post-modern theories of hegemony, resistance and boundary maintenance. Third, material culture and in particular redware is viewed as symbolic evidence of the active and recursive roles all multicultural groups played in creating an incipient American culture.
Protandrena (Heterosarus) levis
Creators: name: Pedro, Diego De
name: Ceccarelli, Fadia Sara
name: Sagot, Philippe
name: López-Reyes, Eulogio
name: Mullins, Jessica L.
name: Mérida-Rivas, Jorge A.
name: Falcon-Brindis, Armando
name: Griswold, Terry
name: Ascher, John S.
name: Gardner, Joel
name: Ayala, Ricardo
name: Vides-Borrell, Eric
name: Vandame, Rémy
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Andrenidae
Protandrena
Protandrena levis

description: Protandrena (Heterosarus) levis (Timberlake, 1975)
Endemic
[Holotype: CASC; ♂ 32.18 km north of Comondú, Baja California Sur, Mexico; October 3, 1941]
This species was described for BCS and is likely endemic to the peninsula (Timberlake 1975). We reviewed one male paratype collected in the same sampling event as the holotype (CASC). See fig. 66.
description: Published as part of Pedro, Diego De, Ceccarelli, Fadia Sara, Sagot, Philippe, López-Reyes, Eulogio, Mullins, Jessica L., Mérida-Rivas, Jorge A., Falcon-Brindis, Armando, Griswold, Terry, Ascher, John S., Gardner, Joel, Ayala, Ricardo, Vides-Borrell, Eric & Vandame, Rémy, 2024, Revealing the Baja California Peninsula's Hidden Treasures: An Annotated checklist of the native bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila), pp. 1-391 in Zootaxa 5522 (1) on page 121, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5522.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/13920532
Forced Stratified Turbulence: Successive Transitions with Reynolds Number
Creators: name: Laval, Jean-Philippe
name: McWilliams, James C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Numerical simulations are made for forced turbulence at a sequence of increasing values of Reynolds number, R, keeping fixed a strongly stable, volume-mean density stratification. At smaller values of R, the turbulent velocity is mainly horizontal, and the momentum balance is approximately cyclostrophic and hydrostatic. This is a regime dominated by so-called pancake vortices, with only a weak excitation of internal gravity waves and large values of the local Richardson number, Ri, everywhere. At higher values of R there are successive transitions to (a) overturning motions with local reversals in the density stratification and small or negative values of Ri; (b) growth of a horizontally uniform vertical shear flow component; and (c) growth of a large-scale vertical flow component. Throughout these transitions, pancake vortices continue to dominate the large-scale part of the turbulence, and the gravity wave component remains weak except at small scales.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures (submitted to Phys. Rev. E)
Factors Influencing the Conservation of Tropical Forest Resources in West Africa
Creators: name: Assogba, N.P.
name: Zhang, D.
name: Assogba, N.P.
name: Zhang, D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: Resource/Energy Economics and Policy

description: In this paper, we measure the degradation of the W Reserve in West Africa using the number of cases of illegal farming and illegal cattle grazing recorded and analyze the factors influencing such degradation using nonlinear Seemingly Unrelated Regression (SUR) model. Our results indicate that the Reserve degradation was negatively correlated with the average income level, the number of financial institutions, and the distance while a positive correlation with the average farm areas in the villages. The institutional characteristics of the villages, namely the number of non-governmental organizations promoting nature preservation, and the existence of check points between the Reserve and the villages in its periphery were negatively correlated with its degradation. Keywords: W Reserve, West Africa, illegal farming, illegal cattle grazing Acknowledgement : We thank Auburn University for providing funding support. We are also grateful to the administrations of the W Reserve in Benin, Burkina-Faso, and Niger for the provision of some of the data used in the study as well as to the municipalities in the periphery of the Reserve.