Parasenegalia visco Seigler &amp; Ebinger &amp; Riggins &amp; Terra &amp; Miller 2017, comb. nov.
Creators: name: Seigler, David S.
name: Ebinger, John E.
name: Riggins, Chance W.
name: Terra, Vanessa
name: Miller, Joseph T.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Fabales
Fabaceae
Parasenegalia
Parasenegalia visco

description: <b>6. Parasenegalia visco (Lorentz ex Griseb.) Seigler &amp; Ebinger</b>, comb. nov. Basionym: <i>Acacia visco Lorentz ex Griseb., Abh. Königl. Ges. Wiss. Göttingen</i>. 19: 135, 279. 1874. [Pl. Lorentz. 87. 18 74.] <i>Senegalia visco (Lorentz ex Griseb.) Seigler</i> &amp; Ebinger in Seigler et al., Phytologia 88(1): 78. 2006. TYPE: Argentina. Catamarca: Fuerte de Andalgala ad rivulos, 13 Jan. 1872, <i>P. G. Lorentz 34 0</i> (lectotype, designated here, GOET [image!] [11463]; isolectotypes, CORD [image!] [barcode] CORD00004860, SI [image!] [bc] SI001494). Figure 8. <i>Acacia concinna</i> Phil., Anales Univ. Chile 2: 170. 1870, nom. illeg., non <i>Acacia concinna</i> (Willd.) DC., Prodr. [A. P. de Candolle] 2: 464. 1825. TYPE: Argentina. Mendoza: in hortis, <i>Philippi s.n</i>. (lectotype, designated here, SGO [image seen] [barcode] SGO000002427, SGO photo at SI; isolectotypes, SGO fragm. at SI, SI photo at F! [27897], G, MO). <i>Acacia platensis</i> Manganaro, Anales Soc. Ci. Argent. 87: 128– 133, figs. 12, 13. 1919. <i>Manganaroa platensis</i> (Manganaro) Speg., Bol. Acad. Nac. Ci. 26: 254, pls. 255, 257, 265.1921. TYPE:Argentina (lectotype,designated by Cialdella, 1984: 96, LP [barcode] LPS24314). <i>Acacia polyphylla</i> Clos in Gay, Fl. Chil. 2: 254. 1846, nom. illeg., non <i>Acacia polyphylla</i> DC., Cat. Pl. Horti Monsp., 74. 18 13. <i>Lysiloma polyphyllum</i> Benth., Trans. Linn. Soc. London 30: 535. 1875. TYPE: Chile. ‘‘Pcia. Coquimbo, San Isidro, 1836, an culta’’ (lectotype, designated here, SGO [image seen]; isolectotypes, BR! [barcode] BR0000005117031, K [image seen] [bc] K000530853, P [image seen] [bc] P02142747. P [image seen] [bc] P03641821, P [image seen] [bc] P0 3 6 4 1 8 2 2, P [image seen] [bc] P03641823, P [image seen] [bc] P03641824, SGO fragm. at SI [image seen] [bc] SI661495). <i>Acacia riparia</i> Kunth b [var.] <i>angustifoliola</i> Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 3(3): 47. 1898. TYPE: Bolivia. Santa Cruz: Sierra de Santa Cruz, 2000 m, <i>C. E. O. Kuntze s.n</i>. (lectotype, designated here, NY! [barcode] NY00001542; isolectotype, F!). <i>Manganaroa subsericea</i> Speg., Bol. Acad. Nac. Ci. 26: 267. 1921 [1923]. TYPE: Argentina. Salta: ‘‘In dumetis montanis praeandinis, locis Quebrada de Guachipas et Pampa grande vocatis,’’ <i>C. L. Spegazzini s.n</i>. (lectotype, designated by Seigler et al., 2006a: 78, LP (LPS-14305) [image seen] [barcode] LP001053; isolectotype, LP [bc] LP001054). Tree to 25 m tall; bark not seen; twigs light to dark reddish brown, not flexuous, terete, glabrous to lightly puberulent; short shoots absent; prickles absent. Leaves alternate, 60–170 mm long; stipules light to dark brown, linear, symmetrical, flattened, straight, herbaceous, 2–6 mm long, 0.4–0.7 mm wide near the base, usually glabrous, tardily deciduous; petiole adaxially grooved, 25–45 mm long, lightly puberulent; petiolar gland solitary, anywhere along the petiole, sessile, usually oblong, 0.7–2.7 mm long, apex flattened to depressed, glabrous; rachis adaxially grooved, 35–130 mm long, puberulent, an oval to orbicular gland 0.5–1.2 mm across between the uppermost 1 to 2 pinna pairs, apex flattened to depressed, glabrous; pinnae (3)4 to 11(14) pairs/leaf, 40–70 mm long, 8–21 mm between pinna pairs; paraphyllidia 0.5–1.2 mm long; petiolule 1.1–2.2 mm long; leaflets 25 to 50 pairs/pinna, opposite, 0.8–2.1 mm between leaflet pairs, oblong, 3–7 <b>X</b> 0.8–2.1 mm, appressed pubescent on both surfaces, lateral veins sometimes obvious, 1 to 3 veins from the base, base oblique, truncate on one side, margins lightly ciliate, apex narrowly acute to acuminate, midvein submarginal, bluish purple beneath. Inflorescence a densely 40- to 75-flowered globose head 16–23 mm across, 1 to 3 in the leaf axils; peduncles 15–40 <b>X</b> 0.5–0.8 mm, puberulent; receptacle enlarged, not elongate, globose; involucre a small bract scattered along the peduncle, early deciduous, sometimes absent; floral bracts spatulate, 1.2–1.9 mm long, puberulent, early deciduous. Flowers sessile, white; calyx 5-lobed, 1.7–2.8 mm long, puberulent; corolla 5-lobed, 3.2– 4.3 mm long, lightly puberulent, lobes 1/5 the length of the corolla; stamens 60 to 90; stamen filaments 8– 11 mm long, distinct; anther glands present; ovary glabrous to rarely pubescent, stipe to 1 mm long. Legumes straight, flattened, not constricted between the seeds, oblong, 80–150 <b>X</b> 18–30 mm, chartaceous, transversely striate, glabrous to lightly puberulent, minute purple glands commonly present, dehiscent along both sutures; stipe 4–10 mm long; apex obtuse, the beak to 10 mm long; seeds uniseriate, no pulp, light brown, oval to oblong, strongly flattened, 9–13 <b>X</b> 7–10 mm, smooth; pleurogram U-shaped, 1.2–2.2 mm across. <i>Habitat and distribution</i>. <i>Parasenegalia visco</i> has been collected from seasonally wet mountains, deciduous forests, riparian forests, yungas, disturbed second-growth forests, and thickets, from 750 to 3000 m in northern Argentina, through Bolivia, northern Chile, and Peru. The taxon is commonly cultivated in Peru as well as where native (Rico Arce, 2007). <i>Phenology</i>. <i>Parasenegalia visco</i> flowers from October through January. <i>Local names and uses</i>. Local names include visco, arca, viscote, viscote negro, viscote blanco, and visite (Rico Arce, 2007). <i>Parasenegalia visco</i> is commonly cultivated for its wood. <i>IUCN Red List category</i>. <i>Parasenegalia visco</i> is assessed as Data Deficient (DD) at this time (IUCN, 2 0 0 1) but is an abundant species of southern South America and is commonly cultivat- ed in Argentina, Chile, Peru, Uruguay, and South Africa as an ornamental and as a fast-growing tree for cabinet wood (Rico Arce, 2 0 0 7). <i>Parasenegalia visco</i> is also known from numerous collections from Argentina and Bolivia and is probably of Least Concern (LC). <i>Discussion</i>. <i>Parasenegalia visco</i> is a large South American tree that is commonly cultivated and economically important for wood products. The globose inflorescence more than 16 mm across, along with the small leaflets (3–7 <b>X</b> 0.8–2.1 mm) with bluish purple midveins, distinguish this species from other members of the genus. Paul G. Lorentz was a German botanist and professor at the University of Córdoba, Argentina, until 1 8 74. His vascular plant collections at GOET were the sources for species described by Grisebach in his <i>Plantae Lorentzianae</i> (1 8 7 4) and <i>Symbolae ad Floram Argentinam</i> (1 8 7 9). The collection <i>Lorentz 3 4 0</i> at GOET has an original label identifying the species as <i>Acacia visite</i>, which corresponded to the first name used by Grisebach in <i>Plantae Lorentzianae</i> (1 87 4: 1 3 5), which was emended in this same work to <i>Acacia visco</i> (1 87 4: 2 7 9). Although no collection was specified in the protologue, Lorentz can be assumed to be the collector (Stafleu &amp; Cowan, 1 9 7 6: 1 0 1 1, 1 98 1: 1 5 7) for species similarly described by Grisebach. The lectotype at GOET (1 1 4 63) bears an original label with the spelling as <i>Acacia Visite</i>. This species was cited as introduced into South Africa as <i>Acacia visite</i> Griseb. (Ross, 1 9 7 5). Two common names were mentioned in the protologue by Grisebach (1874) for his <i>Acacia</i> species number 269 (1874: 135), as ‘‘[n]omen vernac. Visite, Visco.’’ These vernacular names were a source of confusion for the species epithet. On page 135, Grisebach described the new species as ‘‘269. <i>Acacia Visite</i> Gr.,’’ but this was emended by him in the same work on page 279 under ‘‘Verbesserungen’’ (Improvements), as ‘‘S. 135 nr. 269 statt [instead of] <i>A. Visite</i> Gr. lies [read] <i>A. Visco</i> Lor. in litt.’’ It is this emendation that indicated Grisebach’s intent to change the epithet to the other vernacular name, acknowledging Lorentz as well. Grisebach’s intent was further supported in his later treatment of <i>Acacia</i> in <i>Symbolae ad Floram Argentinam</i> (1879: 122), where the species was also cited as ‘‘ <i>A. Visco</i> Lor. mscr. – Syn. <i>A. Visite</i> Pl. Lor. [269],’’ with the number corresponding to the species number in the previous 1874 treatment in his <i>Plantae Lorentzianae</i>. The specimen chosen as the lectotype of <i>Acacia concinna</i> is representative of that species and is from the home institution (SGO) of Philippi, the describing author. No specimen was cited by Manganaro (1919: 128– 129) in the protologue for <i>Acacia platensis</i>, although she did note the species as ‘‘visto cultivada esta planta en Buenos Aires y en La Plata....’’ Spegazzini (1921) transferred the name to the genus <i>Manganar- oa</i> Speg. based on Manganaro’s study. Cialdella cited the specimen with the word ‘‘typus’’ written on it, presumably used by both previous investigators, LP [barcode] LPS24314, as the holotype. We interpret this as a de facto lectotypification. Although the name <i>Mimosa polyphylla</i> Clos was written on the type specimen of <i>Acacia polyphylla</i> Clos in Gay, apparently this name in <i>Mimosa</i> was never published. If this name were published, it would be the oldest name for <i>Parasenegalia visco</i>, but still illegitimate. The SGO lectotype chosen for <i>A. polyphylla</i> is representative of the species and is from the home institution of the describing author. Kuntze (1898: 47) described <i>Acacia riparia</i> var. <i>angustifoliola</i> from two countries as ‘‘Bolivia: Sierra de Santa Cruz 2000 m. and Argentina: Provinz Santiago.’’ Of these two possible syntypes, the NY (barcode NY0 0 0 0 1 5 4 2) sheet from Bolivia was annotated by Seigler and Ebinger (2009) as the holotype, emended here as the lectotype. A syntype of <i>Manganaroa subsericea</i> from Argentina (prov. Buenos Aires, La Plata, Jardín Botanico ‘‘Facultad de Agron.’’), also identified as the collection <i>C. L. Spegazzini s.n</i>., is at LP (LPS- 14305) (Cialdella, 1984). <i>Specimens examined</i>. ARGENTINA. <b>Catamarca:</b> Andalgala, 1 9 5 0 m, 2 8 Nov. 19 4 6, <i>C. A. O’Donnell 4 1 8 3</i> (S); S of Cumbre de las Lajos, 1 7 0 0 m, 2 6 Nov. 1 9 4 6, <i>B. Sparre 9 7 6</i> (S); Choya–El Tofo, 1 8 0 0 m, 2 8 Nov. 1 9 4 6, <i>B. Sparre 1 0 0 3</i> (S); Andalgala, 2 8 Nov. 1 9 46, <i>E. Wall s.n</i>. (MO). <b>Córdoba:</b> 4 km N of Sarmiento, 1 0 8 0 m, 1 2 Oct. 1 9 8 8, <i>J. Aronson 7 6 4 6</i> (MO); Puesto del Paraiso, 4 Jan. 1 8 9 7, <i>T. Stuckert 1 2 7 1</i> (G); Villa Rosario, 1 4 Nov. 1 9 0 2, <i>T. Stuckert 1 1 9 6 3</i> (G). <b>Jujuy:</b> El Volcan, 1 3 May 1 8 7 3, <i>Lorentz &amp; Hieronymus 7 1 4</i> (S), <i>7 5 9</i> (S); Purmamarca, 1 1 Jan. 1 9 7 1, <i>A. Krapovickas &amp; C. L. Cristóbal 1 7 6 3 7</i> (WIS); 2 km de Volcan camino a Lozano, 2 3 4 0 m, 1 0 Feb. 1 9 9 8, <i>O. Morrone, N. B. Deginani, A. M. Cialdella &amp; L. M. Giussani 2 4 0 1</i> (MO); Sierra de Calidegus, 8 0 0 m, 1 5 Oct. 1 9 2 7, <i>S. Venturi 5 3 8 2</i> (CAS, GH, MO); San Pedro, 7 5 0 m, 2 0 Oct. 1 9 2 9, <i>S. Venturi 9 7 4 4</i> (CAS, MO); Purmamarca, 2 8 Oct. 1 9 8 2, <i>E. M. Zardini &amp; M. L. Pochettino 1 5 6 4</i> (MO). <b>La Rioja:</b> 1 0 km S of Famatina, RN 4 0, 1 4 5 0 m, 1 4 Mar. 1 9 9 3, <i>S. M. Botta &amp; D. C. Miconi 5 9 0</i> (MO); Famatina, 1 6 0 0 m, 1 1 Jan. 1 9 4 7, <i>J. H. Hunziker 1 8 1 5</i> (MO); Castro Barros, 1 5 km W of Anillaco, 1 9 8 0 m, 3 0 Mar. 1 9 9 2, <i>J. H. Hunziker &amp; J. C. Gamerro 1 2 48 0</i> (MO); Los Duraznillas, 7 5 0 m, 3 Nov. 1 9 4 7, <i>I. Huasi 3 5</i> (GH). <b>Salta:</b> 2 0 km S of Salta, 1 1 2 0 m, 5 Nov. 1 9 8 8, <i>J. Aronson 7 6 9 0</i> (MO); Cafayate, 8 Nov. 1 9 7 8, <i>A. L. Cabrera, S. Botto, C. Ezcurra, A. M. Ragonese &amp; M. Vazques A. 2 9 7 0 3</i> (MO); Cafayate, 8 Jan. 1 9 7 2, <i>A. Krapovickas &amp; C. L. Cristóbal 2 0 7 2 7</i> (WIS); Chorrillos, 2 1 1 0 m, 1 7 Jan. 1 9 41, <i>T. Meyer 3 5 6 0</i> (GH); San Fernando, 6 May 1 9 4 7, <i>T. Meyer 1 2 4 5 7</i> (RSA, US); Iruya, 2 7 0 0–2 8 0 0 m, 8 Nov. 1 9 8 8, <i>L. J. Novara, T. Adzet &amp; J. Masso 8 1 9 8</i> (B, M); Salta, 5 Nov. 1 9 8 2, <i>E. M. Zardini 1 6 1 9</i> (MO); Iruya, 1 0 Feb. 1 9 8 3, <i>E. M. Zardini 1 9 6 5</i> (GH); Iruya, 1 0 Feb. 1 9 8 3, <i>E. M. Zardini, M. L. Pochettino, J. Hurrell, C. Iudica &amp; D. Ramadori 1 9 6 5</i> (MO). <b>Tucuman:</b> San Javier, 1 0 50 m, 4 Nov. 1 9 7 8, <i>S. A. Renvoize, M. Wilmot-Dear &amp; R. Kiesling 3 3 6 4</i> (MO); Francas a Zarate, 7 8 0 m, 1 2 Oct. 1 9 2 5, <i>Schreiter 6 8 5 9 0</i> (BM); Tapia, 2 7 Oct. 1 9 7 6, <i>D. S. Seigler &amp; F. Vervoorst 1 0 1 0 8A</i> (EIU, ILL); Tapia, 2 7 Oct. 1 9 7 6, <i>D. S. Seigler &amp; F. Vervoorst 1 0 1 1 4</i> (ILL, MO); 1 3.8 km SE of Amaicha del Valle on rd. to Tafi del Valle, 2 4 0 0 m, 4 May 1 9 8 5, <i>J. C. Solomon 1 3 5 3 6</i> (MO); Yerba Buena, 7 0 0 m, 1 9 2 6, <i>S. Venturi 6 7</i> (GH); Tapia, 7 5 0 m, 2 4 Oct. 1 9 2 3, <i>S. Venturi 2 4 7 6</i> (CAS, MO); Cerro del Campo, 8 0 0 m, 4 Nov. 1 9 2 8, <i>S. Venturi 7 4 5 2</i> (GH). BOLIVIA. <b>Chuquisaca:</b> Comunidad Pitatorillas, 27 7 4 m, 2 2 Sep. 2 0 0 7, <i>M. Jiménez, E. Cervantes &amp; F. Janko 3 6 1</i> (ILL, MO). <b>Cochabamba:</b> camino hacia Omereque, Km. 1 8 6, 2 0 4 0 m, 2 7 Oct. 1 9 9 3, <i>C. Antezana 3 9 7</i> (MO); vic. of Cochabamba, 1 8 9 1, <i>M. Bang 9 2 1</i> (MO); city of Cochabamba, 1 8 Nov. 1 9 8 2, <i>L. Bohs 1 9 9 0</i> (F, GH); near Arani, 2 7 7 0 m, May 1 9 4 7, <i>M. Cardenas &amp; H. C. Cutler 3 8 8 3</i> (GH); Arani, 2 7 0 0 m, 2 9 Nov. 1 9 7 9, <i>T. Feuerer 6 9 4 2</i> (HBG); park, Colina de San Sebastian, Cochabamba, 2 57 5 m, 2 4 Nov. 1 9 8 4, <i>M. Nee 3 0 3 5 2</i> (MO); 6 km NE of El Convento, 2 5 4 6 m, 1 3 Mar. 2 0 0 3, <i>L. Rico 1 5 5 9</i> (MO); Mizque, 2 0 2 5 m, 2 7 Dec. 2 0 0 2, <i>L. Rico &amp; T. Windsor-Shaw 1 1 9 9</i> (MO); Carrasco, 2 1 0 0 m, 1 1 Feb. 1 9 8 7, <i>J. C. Solomon &amp; M. Nee 1 6 0 2 4</i> (ILL, MO, NY). <b>La Paz:</b> Hacienda Huajchilla, 1 8 km SE of La Paz, 3 0 0 0 m, 1 8 Dec. 1 9 8 6, <i>J. C. Solomon 1 5 7 7 7</i> (ILL, MO). <b>Potosí:</b> Charcas, 2 5 0 0 m, <i>A. Uzedo 5</i> (HBG). <b>Santa Cruz:</b> Saipina, 18 0 0 m, 2 2 Oct. 1 9 94, <i>J. Balcazar 6 9</i> (MO); hills E of Salta, 1 3 0 0–1 4 0 0 m, 2 2 Sep. 1 9 8 5, <i>A. Gentry &amp; C. Palacia 5 1 7 3 1A</i> (MO); rd. from Mairana to Postrervalle, 7.7 km SSE of Quirusillas, 1 75 0 m, 3 1 Dec. 1 9 9 7, <i>M. Nee 4 7 6 6 0</i> (ILL, MO); 3.7 km NW of bridge over Rio Comarapa at Comarapa, 2 0 0 0 m, 2 4 Nov. 1 9 9 9, <i>M. Nee 5 0 5 9 3</i> (MO); 5 km SW of Comarapa on rd. to Chilón, 1 7 7 5 m, 2 6 Nov. 1 9 9 9, <i>M. Nee 5 0 6 6 8</i> (MO); 4 0 km E of Comarapa, 1 7 4 0 m, 2 2 Oct. 1 9 9 1, <i>M. Saldias &amp; T. Pennington 1 4 7 9</i> (MO); 1 1 km de Comarapa, 2 7 4 0 m, 3 July 1 9 8 9, <i>D. N. Smith, V. García &amp; M. Buddensiek 1 3 6 0 7</i> (MO); Comarapa, 2 0 0 0 m, 2 6 Oct. 1 9 2 8, <i>J. Steinbach 8 5 7 8</i> (A, GH, S); Huasacañada, 2 0 5 0 m, 1 5 Feb. 1 9 9 0, <i>I. G. Vargas C. 4 2 9</i> (MO); Huasacanãda, 2 0 5 0 m, 5 Nov. 1 9 8 9, <i>I. G. Vargas C. 3 3 3</i> (MO); Huasacañada, 5 km S of Vallegrande, 2 0 5 0 m, 3 Nov. 1 9 9 0, <i>I. G. Vargas C. 8 0 4</i> (MO); Huasacañada, 5 km S of Vallegrande, 2 0 5 0 m, 1 5 May 1 9 9 2, <i>I. G. Vargas C. 1 3 9 8</i> (MO); Vallegrande, 1 3 km pasando Pucara en el camino hacia el Puente del Río Grande, 1 1 5 0 m, 2 1 Oct. 2 0 0 1, <i>I. G. Vargas, C. Jordan &amp; A. Vargas J. 6 6 2 2</i> (ILL, MO). <b>Tarija:</b> 6 km SW of Chocloca, 2 0 0 0 m, 2 5 Mar. 1 9 7 9, <i>St. G. Beck 7 5 1</i> (US); Tarija, 1 9 2 0 m, 1 0 Jan. 1 9 7 9, <i>C. Ruiz s.n</i>. (US); 3 0 km de Tarija (vers Entre Rios), 1 8 5 0 m, 3 Dec. 1 9 7 5, <i>J. R. de Sloover 3 8 1</i> (MO). CHILE. <b>Tarapaca:</b> Arica Prov., 1st Region, Codpa, 1 8 2 0 m, 1 2 Feb. 1 9 8 9, <i>J. Aronson 7 7 5 8</i> (MO). PERU. <b>Lima:</b> Lima, 2 8 Nov. 1 9 6 6, <i>S. S. Tillett 6 6 1 1-5 7</i> (A) (cultivated). <b>Tacna:</b> Alrededores de Tacna, 3 0 Oct. 1 9 4 8, <i>R. Ferreyra 4 0 7 1</i> (MO, US).
description: Published as part of <i>Seigler, David S., Ebinger, John E., Riggins, Chance W., Terra, Vanessa &amp; Miller, Joseph T., 2017, Parasenegalia and Pseudosenegalia (Fabaceae): New Genera of the Mimosoideae, pp. 180-205 in Novon 25</i> on pages 194-196, DOI: 10.3417/2015050, http://zenodo.org/record/2561467
description: {"references": ["Cialdella, A. M. 1984. El genero Acacia (Leguminosae) en la Argentina. Darwiniana 25: 59 - 111.", "Seigler, D. S., J. E. Ebinger &amp; J. T. Miller. 2006 a. The genus Senegalia from the New World (Fabaceae: Mimosoideae). Phytologia 88 (1): 38 - 9 3.", "Rico Arce, M. de L. 2007. American Species of Acacia. A Checklist and Synopsis of American Species of Acacia (Leguminosae: Mimosoideae). CONABIO, Mexico City.", "Grisebach, A. H. R. 1874. Plantae lorentzianae. Abh. Konigl. Ges. Wiss. Gottingen 19: 49 - 279.", "Spegazzini, C. L. 1921 [1923]. Acacias Argentinas. Bol. Acad. Nac. Ci. (Cordoba) 26: 161 - 334.", "Kuntze, C. O. 1898. Revis. Gen. Pl. 3 (3): 1 - 202.", "Seigler, D. S. &amp; J. E. Ebinger. 2009. New combinations in the genus Senegalia (Fabaceae: Mimosoideae). Phytologia 91 (1): 25 - 29."]}