cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Simulating nonnative cubic interactions on noisy quantum machines
Creators: name: Shi, Yuan
name: Castelli, Alessandro R.
name: Wu, Xian
name: Joseph, Ilon
name: Geyko, Vasily
name: Graziani, Frank R.
name: Libby, Stephen B.
name: Parker, Jeffrey B.
name: Rosen, Yaniv J.
name: Martinez, Luis A.
name: DuBois, Jonathan L
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As a milestone for general-purpose computing machines, we demonstrate that quantum processors can be programmed to efficiently simulate dynamics that are not native to the hardware. Moreover, on noisy devices without error correction, we show that simulation results are significantly improved when the quantum program is compiled using modular gates instead of a restricted set of standard gates. We demonstrate the general methodology by solving a cubic interaction problem, which appears in nonlinear optics, gauge theories, as well as plasma and fluid dynamics. To encode the nonnative Hamiltonian evolution, we decompose the Hilbert space into a direct sum of invariant subspaces in which the nonlinear problem is mapped to a finite-dimensional Hamiltonian simulation problem. In a three-states example, the resultant unitary evolution is realized by a product of ~20 standard gates, using which ~10 simulation steps can be carried out on state-of-the-art quantum hardware before results are corrupted by decoherence. In comparison, the simulation depth is improved by more than an order of magnitude when the unitary evolution is realized as a single cubic gate, which is compiled directly using optimal control. Alternatively, parametric gates may also be compiled by interpolating control pulses. Modular gates thus obtained provide high-fidelity building blocks for quantum Hamiltonian simulations.
description: 4 figures. pages 1-6 are main text and bibliography, and pages 7-8 are supplemental material
Surface-impedance approach solves problems with the thermal Casimir force between real metals
Creators: name: Geyer, B.
name: Klimchitskaya, G. L.
name: Mostepanenko, V. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The surface impedance approach to the description of the thermal Casimir effect in the case of real metals is elaborated starting from the free energy of oscillators. The Lifshitz formula expressed in terms of the dielectric permittivity depending only on frequency is shown to be inapplicable in the frequency region where a real current may arise leading to Joule heating of the metal. The standard concept of a fluctuating electromagnetic field on such frequencies meets difficulties when used as a model for the zero-point oscillations or thermal photons in the thermal equilibrium inside metals. Instead, the surface impedance permits not to consider the electromagnetic oscillations inside the metal but taking the realistic material properties into account by means of the effective boundary condition. An independent derivation of the Lifshitz-type formulas for the Casimir free energy and force between two metal plates is presented within the impedance approach. It is shown that they are free of the contradictions with thermodynamics which are specific to the usual Lifshitz formula for dielectrics in combination with the Drude model. We demonstrate that in the impedance approach the zero-frequency contribution is uniquely fixed by the form of impedance function and does not need any of the ad hoc prescriptions intensively discussed in the recent literature. As an example, the computations of the Casimir free energy between two gold plates are performed at different separations and temperatures. It is argued that the surface impedance approach lays a reliable framework for the future measurements of the thermal Casimir force.
description: 21 pages, 3 figures, to appear in Phys. Rev. A
Phase estimation of spin-torque oscillator by nonlinear spin-torque diode effect
Creators: name: Yamaguchi, Terufumi
name: Tsunegi, Sumito
name: Taniguchi, Tomohiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A theoretical analysis is developed on spin-torque diode effect in nonlinear region. An analytical solution of the diode voltage generated from spin-torque oscillator by the rectification of an alternating current is derived. The diode voltage is revealed to depend nonlinearly on the phase difference between the oscillator and the alternating current. The validity of the analytical prediction is confirmed by numerical simulation of the Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation. The results indicate that the spin-torque diode effect is useful to evaluate the phase of a spin-torque oscillator in forced synchronization state.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Prevalence of suicidal ideation among stroke survivors: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Chen, Xingxing
name: Zhang, Hua
name: Xiao, Gui
name: Lv, Chuanzhu
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: Medicine
Biotechnology
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Cancer
Science Policy

description: Background: The prevalence of suicidal ideation (SI) among stroke survivors has been the subject of several studies, but systematic review data regarding the prevalence of SI among stroke patients are still scarce. Objectives: To estimate the pooled prevalence of SI among stroke survivors. Methods: A comprehensive search strategy was established across the following electronic databases; Web of Science, PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Chinese Wanfang database and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI). The 95% confidence interval (CI) given in each identified study was used to assess the outcomes. Cochran’s Q test and I2 statistic were used to evaluate heterogeneity. The quality of the final evidence was evaluated using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. We calculated the pooled prevalence of SI among stroke survivors before subgroup analysis and meta-regression was used to find the partial source of heterogeneity. Results: Twenty-one studies with a total of 17,189 participants were included in this study and the pooled prevalence of SI among stroke survivors was 12.25% (95%CI: 9.91–15.07%). Substantial heterogeneity was detected in the estimation of prevalence. The evidence was graded as very low for the overall outcome and the single item subgroup, while it was graded as low for the stable scale subgroup. Conclusions: This meta-analysis suggests a high prevalence of SI among stroke survivors. Routine screening of SI after stroke is needed to plan interventions aimed at reducing suicide risk.
Cepheid Limb Darkening Models for the VLTI
Creators: name: Marengo, Massimo
name: Karovska, Margarita
name: Sasselov, Dimitar D.
name: Papaliolios, Costas
name: Armstrong, J. T.
name: Nordgren, Tyler
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new method to compute wavelength- and phase-dependent limb darkening corrections for classical Cepheids. These corrections are derived from hydrodynamic simulations and radiative transfer modeling with a full set of atomic and molecular opacities. Comparison with hydrostatic models having the same stellar parameters show a larger limb darkening for most phases in our models, and temporal variations related to the hydrodynamics of the stellar pulsation. We assess the implications of our results with respect to the geometric Baade-Wesselink method, which uses interferometric measurements of Cepheid angular diameters to determine their distances and radii. The relevance of the hydrodynamic effects predicted by our model on the limb darkening of pulsating Cepheids is finally discussed in terms of the predicted capabilities of the VLTI.
description: 6 pages, 3 postscript figures, to appear in the proceedings of the JENAM 2002 Workshop WS-VLTI "The Very Large Telescope Interferometer: Challenges for the Future", Editors: P.J.V. Garcia, A. Glindemann, Th. Henning, F. Malbet, Ap&SS, Kluwer, in press
Mithrodia clavigera
Creators: name: Jangoux, Michel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Echinodermata
Asteroidea
Valvatida
Mithrodiidae
Mithrodia
Mithrodia clavigera

description: papillosus Michelin, 1845, Heresaster
Heresaster papillosus Michelin, 1845: 19, pl. 9.
Mithrodia clavigera ‒ Clark 1993: 324.
CURRENT STATUS. — Mithrodia clavigera (Lamarck, 1816).
TYPE MATERIAL. — Mauritius • holotype; Michelin leg.; MNHN- IE-2014-37.
description: Published as part of Jangoux, Michel, 2022, The type specimens of extant asteroids (Echinodermata) in the Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle of Paris, pp. 259-334 in Zoosystema 44 (11) on page 306, DOI: 10.5252/zoosystema2022v44a11, http://zenodo.org/record/6616817
Multi-Scale Thermal to Visible Face Verification via Attribute Guided Synthesis
Creators: name: Di, Xing
name: Riggan, Benjamin S.
name: Hu, Shuowen
name: Short, Nathaniel J.
name: Patel, Vishal M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Thermal-to-visible face verification is a challenging problem due to the large domain discrepancy between the modalities. Existing approaches either attempt to synthesize visible faces from thermal faces or learn domain-invariant robust features from these modalities for cross-modal matching. In this paper, we use attributes extracted from visible images to synthesize attribute-preserved visible images from thermal imagery for cross-modal matching. A pre-trained attribute predictor network is used to extract the attributes from the visible image. Then, a novel multi-scale generator is proposed to synthesize the visible image from the thermal image guided by the extracted attributes. Finally, a pre-trained VGG-Face network is leveraged to extract features from the synthesized image and the input visible image for verification. Extensive experiments evaluated on three datasets (ARL Face Database, Visible and Thermal Paired Face Database, and Tufts Face Database) demonstrate that the proposed method achieves state-of-the-art performance. In particular, it achieves around 2.41\%, 2.85\% and 1.77\% improvements in Equal Error Rate (EER) over the state-of-the-art methods on the ARL Face Database, Visible and Thermal Paired Face Database, and Tufts Face Database, respectively. An extended dataset (ARL Face Dataset volume III) consisting of polarimetric thermal faces of 121 subjects is also introduced in this paper. Furthermore, an ablation study is conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of different modules in the proposed method.
description: accepted by IEEE Transactions on Biometrics, Behavior, and Identity Science (T-BIOM). arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1901.00889
Additional file 1 of Key indicators of repetitive overuse-induced neuromuscular inflammation and fibrosis are prevented by manual therapy in a rat model
Creators: name: Barbe, Mary F.
name: Harris, Michele Y.
name: Cruz, Geneva E.
name: Amin, Mamta
name: Billett, Nathan M.
name: Jocelynne T. Dorotan
name: Day, Emily P.
name: Kim, Seung Y.
name: Bove, Geoffrey M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Supplemental Figure 1. Rat body weights. Animals that performed an operant high intensive reaching and lever bar pulling task for 12 weeks (TASK, n = 10 per treatment group) were compared to age-matched control rats (C, n = 5 per treatment group). Across these 12 weeks, each group received modeled manual therapy (MMT), bilaterally, to either their upper extremities (treatment, Tx) animals, or to their lower extremities (active control, Ac). A) Rats’ body weights across time, and B) at the time of euthanasia and tissue collection. No significant differences were observed between the four groups across time or at the time of tissue collection. Mean ± 95% CI shown. Supplemental Figure 2. Ultrasound detected vocalization results. Groups are as defined in Supplement Figure 1. A) Mean number of calls during treatment. B) Length of calls during treatment. C) Mean frequency (in kHz) of calls during treatment. Mean ± 95% CI shown. Supplemental Figure 3. Bonar Scoring results for the proximal region of flexor digitorum tendons. Groups are as defined in Supplement Figure 1. No significant differences were observed between groups. Mean ± 95% CI shown. Supplemental Figure 4. Hematoxylin and light eosin stained sections of median nerve branches at the level of the wrist. No neutrophils were visualized in any group’s nerves. The inset in panel A shows an example of a macrophage-like cell.
Lohnt sich die Teilnahme an der Initiative Tierwohl? Ergebnisse einer Befragung unter Schweinehaltern
Creators: name: Heise, Heinke
name: Schwarze, Stefan
name: Heise, Heinke
name: Schwarze, Stefan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: Initiative Tierwohl
subject: Mahalanobis Distanz Matching
subject: Schweinehalter
subject: Wirtschaftlichkeit
subject: Deutschland

description: Als Reaktion auf die anhaltende Kritik verschiedener Anspruchsgruppen, hat sich im Jahr 2015 die Initiative Tierwohl (ITW) gegründet. Mit Bezug auf die Teilnehmerzahlen, ist die ITW mittlerweile als Deutschlands größtes Tierwohlprogramm anzusehen. Trotzdem herrscht unter Landwirten noch immer Verunsicherung hinsichtlich der ökonomischen Attraktivität der Teilnahme an der ITW. Aus diesem Grund ist im Frühsommer 2018 eine quantitative online Befragung unter 221 Schweinehaltern durchgeführt worden, in der u.a. die wirtschaftliche Lage der Betriebe mithilfe unterschiedlicher Variablen erfasst wurde. Anhand der vorliegenden Daten wird in diesem Beitrag untersucht, wie Schweinehalter, die bereits an der ITW teilnehmen, ihre Wirtschaftlichkeit im Vergleich zu Schweinehaltern, die nicht an der ITW teilnehmen, beurteilen. Um an der ITW teilnehmende Betriebe mit nicht-teilnehmenden Betrieben hinsichtlich soziodemografischer und betrieblicher Merkmale vergleichbar zu machen, wurde Mahalanobis Distanz Matching angewendet. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass Teilnehmer an der ITW ihre wirtschaftliche Situation vergleichbar zu den Landwirten bewerten, die derzeit nicht an der ITW teilnehmen. Für die Teilnahme an der ITW lassen sich daher keine signifikanten Effekte auf die Wirtschaftlichkeit der Betriebe feststellen. Aus den Ergebnissen lassen sich sowohl Politikempfehlungen hinsichtlich der finanziellen Förderung von Tierwohlmaßnahmen, als auch Empfehlungen für die Festsetzung der zukünftiger Ausgleichzahlungen der ITW ableiten. Auch können Landwirte die Ergebnisse nutzen, um ihre Produktionsentscheidung hinsichtlich einer (nicht-) Teilnahme an der ITW zu erleichtern.
The Endgame of Gas Giant Formation: Accretion Luminosity and Contraction Post-Runaway
Creators: name: Ginzburg, Sivan
name: Chiang, Eugene
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Giant planets are thought to form by runaway gas accretion onto solid cores. Growth must eventually stop running away, ostensibly because planets open gaps (annular cavities) in their surrounding discs. Typical models stop runaway by artificially capping the accretion rate and lowering it to zero over an arbitrarily short time-scale. In reality, post-runaway accretion persists as long as the disc remains. During this final and possibly longest phase of formation, when the planet is still emerging from the disc, its mass can more than double, and its radius contracts by orders of magnitude. By drawing from the theory of how gaps clear, we find that post-runaway accretion luminosities diverge depending on disc viscosity: luminosities fall in low-viscosity discs but continue to rise past runaway in high-viscosity discs. This divergence amounts to a factor of $10^2$ by the time the disc disperses. Irrespective of the specifics of how planets interact with discs, the observed luminosity and age of an accreting planet can be used to calculate its instantaneous mass, radius, and accretion rate. We perform this exercise for the planet candidates embedded within the discs orbiting PDS 70, HD 163296, and MWC 758, inferring masses of $1-10\, M_{\rm J}$, accretion rates of $0.1-10\, M_{\rm J}$/Myr, and radii of $1-10\, R_{\rm J}$. Our radii are computed self-consistently from the planet's concurrent contraction and accretion and do not necessarily equal the value of $2R_{\rm J}$ commonly assumed; in particular, the radius depends on the envelope opacity as $R \propto κ^{0.5}$.
description: Accepted to MNRAS
The Luminosity, Stellar Mass, and Number Density Evolution of Field Galaxies of Known Morphology from z = 0.5 - 3
Creators: name: Conselice, Christopher J.
name: Blackburne, Jeffrey A.
name: Papovich, Casey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The evolution of rest-frame B-band luminosities, stellar masses, and number densities of field galaxies in the Hubble Deep Field North and South are studied as a function of rest-frame B-band morphological type out to redshifts z~3 using a sample of 1231 I < 27 galaxies with spectroscopic and photometric redshifts. We find that the co-moving number, and relative number, densities of ellipticals and spirals declines rapidly at z > 1, although examples exist at z > 2. The number and number fraction of peculiar galaxies consistent with undergoing major mergers rises consistently at redshifts z > 2. Through simulations we argue that this decline is robust at the 4 sigma level against morphological k-corrections and redshift effects. We trace the evolution of rest-frame B-band luminosity density as a function of morphology out to z~3 finding that the luminosity density is steadily dominated by peculiars at z > 1.5 with a peak fraction of 60-90% at z~3. By z~0.5 B-band luminosity fractions are similar to their local values. The stellar mass density follows a similar trend as the luminosity density, with some important exceptions. At high redshifts, z > 2, over 60-80% of stellar mass is attached to peculiars, while at z< 1, 80-95% of stellar mass is attached to ellipticals and spirals. In contrast to the luminosity density, the stellar mass density of ellipticals is greater than spirals at z < 1.5, and the stellar masses in both types grow together at z < 1, while number densities remain constant. (abridged)
description: 33 pages, 17 figures, accepted to the Astrophysical Journal
Theory of field-modulated spin-valley-orbital pseudospin physics
Creators: name: Chen, Feng-Wu
name: Wu, Yu-Shu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Pioneering studies in transition metal dichalcogenides have demonstrated convincingly the co-existence of multiple angular momentum degrees of freedom -- of spin (1/2 $s_z = \pm 1/2$), valley ($τ= K, K'$ or $\pm 1$), and atomic orbital ($l_z = \pm 2$) origins -- in the valence band with strong interlocking among them, which results in noise-resilient pseudospin states ideal for spintronic type applications. With field modulation a powerful, universal means in physics studies and applications, this work develops, from bare models in the context of complicated band structure, a general effective theory of field-modulated spin-valley-orbital pseudospin physics that is able to describe both intra- and inter- valley dynamics. Based on the theory, it predicts and discusses the linear response of a pseudospin to external fields of arbitrary orientations. Paradigm field configurations are identified for pseudospin control including pseudospin flipping. For a nontrivial example, it presents a spin-valley-orbital quantum computing proposal, where the theory is applied to address all-electrical, simultaneous control of $s_z$, $τ$, and $l_z$ for qubit manipulation. It demonstrates the viability of such control with static field effects and an additional dynamic electric field. An optimized qubit manipulation time ~ O(ns) is given.
The Kärger vs bi-exponential model: theoretical insights and experimental validations
Creators: name: Moutal, Nicolas
name: Nilsson, Markus
name: Topgaard, Daniel
name: Grebenkov, Denis S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revise three common models accounting for water exchange in pulsed-gradient spin-echo measurements: a bi-exponential model with time-dependent water fractions, the Kärger model, and a modified Kärger model designed for restricted diffusion, e.g. inside cells. The three models are compared and applied to experimental data from yeast cell suspensions. The Kärger model and the modified Kärger model yield very close results and accurately fit the data. The bi-exponential model, although less rigorous, has a natural physical interpretation and suggests a new experimental modality to estimate the water exchange time.
Estimation of System Parameters in Discrete Dynamical Systems from Time Series
Creators: name: Palaniyandi, P.
name: Lakshmanan, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a simple method to estimate the parameters involved in discrete dynamical systems from time series. The method is based on the concept of controlling chaos by constant feedback. The major advantages of the method are that it needs a minimal number of time series data and is applicable to dynamical systems of any dimension. The method also works extremely well even in the presence of noise in the time series. The method is specifically illustrated by means of logistic and Henon maps.
description: 4 pages
Coronaster briareus
Creators: name: Jangoux, Michel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Echinodermata
Asteroidea
Paxillosida
Porcellanasteridae
Coronaster
Coronaster briareus

description: parfaiti Perrier, 1885, Coronaster
Coronaster parfaiti Perrier, 1885: 14; 1894: 93, pl. 8, fig. 1a-d.
Coronaster briareus ‒ Clark & Downey 1992: 460.
CURRENT STATUS. — Coronaster briareus (Verrill, 1882).
TYPE MATERIAL. — Cape Verde Islands • holotype; station 103; Talisman expedition; 1883; 15°N- 26°W; depth 250 m; MNHN- IE-2014-276.
description: Published as part of Jangoux, Michel, 2022, The type specimens of extant asteroids (Echinodermata) in the Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle of Paris, pp. 259-334 in Zoosystema 44 (11) on page 306, DOI: 10.5252/zoosystema2022v44a11, http://zenodo.org/record/6616817
Efficient measurements, purification, and bounds on the mutual information
Creators: name: Jacobs, Kurt
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When a measurement is made on a quantum system in which classical information is encoded, the measurement reduces the observers average Shannon entropy for the encoding ensemble. This reduction, being the {\em mutual information}, is always non-negative. For efficient measurements the state is also purified; that is, on average, the observers von Neumann entropy for the state of the system is also reduced by a non-negative amount. Here we point out that by re-writing a bound derived by Hall [Phys. Rev. A {\bf 55}, 100 (1997)], which is dual to the Holevo bound, one finds that for efficient measurements, the mutual information is bounded by the reduction in the von Neumann entropy. We also show that this result, which provides a physical interpretation for Hall's bound, may be derived directly from the Schumacher-Westmoreland-Wootters theorem [Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 76}, 3452 (1996)]. We discuss these bounds, and their relationship to another bound, valid for efficient measurements on pure state ensembles, which involves the subentropy.
description: 4 pages, Revtex4. v3: rewritten and reinterpreted somewhat
On the treatment effect heterogeneity of antidepressants in major depression: A Bayesian meta-analysis and simulation study
Creators: name: Volkmann, Constantin
name: Volkmann, Alexander
name: Müller, Christian A.
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Antidepressive Agents
subject: Bayes Theorem
subject: Computer Simulation
subject: Depressive Disorder, Major
subject: Treatment Outcome
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Background: The average treatment effect of antidepressants in major depression was found to be about 2 points on the 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, which lies below clinical relevance. Here, we searched for evidence of a relevant treatment effect heterogeneity that could justify the usage of antidepressants despite their low average treatment effect. Methods: Bayesian meta-analysis of 169 randomized, controlled trials including 58,687 patients. We considered the effect sizes log variability ratio (lnVR) and log coefficient of variation ratio (lnCVR) to analyze the difference in variability of active and placebo response. We used Bayesian random-effects meta-analyses (REMA) for lnVR and lnCVR and fitted a random-effects meta-regression (REMR) model to estimate the treatment effect variability between antidepressants and placebo. Results: The variability ratio was found to be very close to 1 in the best fitting models (REMR: 95% highest density interval (HDI) [0.98, 1.02], REMA: 95% HDI [1.00, 1.02]). The between-study standard deviation tau under the REMA with respect to lnVR was found to be low (95% HDI [0.00, 0.02]). Simulations showed that a large treatment effect heterogeneity is only compatible with the data if a strong correlation between placebo response and individual treatment effect is assumed. Conclusions: The published data from RCTs on antidepressants for the treatment of major depression is compatible with a near-constant treatment effect. Although it is impossible to rule out a substantial treatment effect heterogeneity, its existence seems rather unlikely. Since the average treatment effect of antidepressants falls short of clinical relevance, the current prescribing practice should be re-evaluated.
Particle approximation of the two-fluid model for superfluid $^4$He using smoothed particle hydrodynamics
Creators: name: Tsuzuki, Satori
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper presents a finite particle approximation of the two-fluid model for liquid $^4$He using smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH). In recent years, several studies have combined the vortex filament model (VFM), which describes quantized vortices in superfluid components, with the Navier-Stokes equations, which describe the motion of normal fluids. These studies led us to assume that coupling both components of the two-fluid model instead of using the VFM to describe the superfluid component enables us to approximate the system. In this study, we formulated a new SPH model that simultaneously solves both equations of motion of the two-fluid model. We then performed a numerical simulation of the rotating liquid $^4$He using our SPH. The results showed that the two major phenomena, the emergence of multiple independent vortices parallel to the circular axis and that of the so-called rigid-body rotation, can be reproduced by solving the two-fluid model using SPH. This finding is interesting because it was previously assumed that only a single vortex emerges when addressing similar problems without considering quantum mechanics. Our further analysis found that the emergence of multiple independent vortices can be realized by reformulating the viscosity term of the two-fluid model to conserve the angular momentum of the particles around their axes. Consequently, our model succeeded in reproducing the phenomena observed in quantum cases, even though we solve the phenomenological governing equations of liquid $^4$He.
Thermonuclear Stability of Material Accreting onto a Neutron Star
Creators: name: Narayan, Ramesh
name: Heyl, Jeremy S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a global linear stability analysis of nuclear fuel accumulating on the surface of an accreting neutron star and we identify the conditions under which thermonuclear bursts are triggered. The analysis reproduces all the recognized regimes of hydrogen and helium bursts, and in addition shows that at high accretion rates, near the limit of stable burning, there is a regime of ``delayed mixed bursts'' which is distinct from the more usual ``prompt mixed bursts.'' In delayed mixed bursts, a large fraction of the fuel is burned stably before the burst is triggered. Bursts thus have longer recurrence times, but at the same time have somewhat smaller fluences. Therefore, the parameter alpha, which measures the ratio of the energy released via accretion to that generated through nuclear reactions in the burst, is up to an order of magnitude larger than for prompt bursts. This increase in alpha near the threshold of stable burning has been seen in observations. We explore a wide range of mass accretion rates, neutron star radii and core temperatures, and calculate a variety of burst properties. From a preliminary comparison with data, we suggest that bursting neutron stars may have hot cores, with T_{core} >~ 10^{7.5} K, consistent with interior cooling via the modified URCA or similar low-efficiency process, rather than T_{core} ~ 10^7 K, as expected for the direct URCA process. There is also an indication that neutron star radii are somewhat small
description: 67 pages, 19 figures, final version to appear in The Astrophysical Journal, vol. 599, no. 1, Dec. 10, 2003
Additional file 4 of The role of sex and gender in the selection of Alzheimer patients for clinical trial pre-screening
Creators: name: Maitee Rosende-Roca
name: Abdelnour, Carla
name: Esteban, Ester
name: Tartari, Juan Pablo
name: Alarcon, Emilio
name: Martínez-Atienza, Juliana
name: González-Pérez, Antonio
name: Sáez, María E.
name: Lafuente, Asunción
name: Buendía, Mar
name: Pancho, Ana
name: Aguilera, Nuria
name: Ibarria, Marta
name: Diego, Susana
name: Jofresa, Sara
name: Hernández, Isabel
name: López, Rogelio
name: Gurruchaga, Miren Jone
name: Lluís Tárraga
name: Valero, Sergi
name: Ruiz, Agustín
name: Marquié, Marta
name: Boada, Mercè
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 4.
Hyphalaster inermis Sladen 1883
Creators: name: Jangoux, Michel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Echinodermata
Asteroidea
Paxillosida
Porcellanasteridae
Hyphalaster
Hyphalaster inermis

description: parfaiti Perrier, 1885, Hyphalaster
Hyphalaster parfaiti Perrier, 1885: 65; 1894: 229, pl. 16, fig. 2.
Hyphalaster inermis ‒ Clark & Downey 1992: 98.
CURRENT STATUS. — Hyphalaster inermis Sladen, 1883.
TYPE MATERIAL. — Bay of Biscay • holotype; station 135; Talisman expedition; 1883; 46°09’N, 09°16’W; depth 4785 m; MNHN- IE-2014-686.
description: Published as part of Jangoux, Michel, 2022, The type specimens of extant asteroids (Echinodermata) in the Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle of Paris, pp. 259-334 in Zoosystema 44 (11) on page 306, DOI: 10.5252/zoosystema2022v44a11, http://zenodo.org/record/6616817
Two-valence band electron and heat transport in monocrystalline PbTe-CdTe solid solutions with high Cd content
Creators: name: Szot, M.
name: Pfeffer, P.
name: Dybko, K.
name: Szczerbakow, A.
name: Kowalczyk, L.
name: Dziawa, P.
name: Minikayev, R.
name: Zayarnyuk, T.
name: Piotrowski, K.
name: Gutowska, M. U.
name: Szewczyk, A.
name: Story, T.
name: Zawadzki, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High quality p-type PbTe-CdTe monocrystalline alloys containing up to 10 at.$\%$ of Cd are obtained by self-selecting vapor transport method. Mid infrared photoluminescence experiments are performed to follow the variation of the fundamental energy gap as a function of Cd content. The Hall mobility, thermoelectric power, thermal conductivity and thermoelectric figure of merit parameter $ZT$ are investigated experimentally and theoretically paying particular attention to the two-valence band structure of the material. It is shown that the heavy-hole band near the $Σ$ point of the Brillouin zone plays an important role and is responsible for the Pb$_{1-x}$Cd$_x$Te hole transport at higher Cd-content. Our data and their description can serve as the standard for Pb$_{1-x}$Cd$_x$Te single crystals with $x$ up to 0.1. It is shown, that monocrystalline Pb$_{1-x}$Cd$_x$Te samples with relatively low Cd content of about 1 at.\% and hole concentration of the order of 10$^{20}$ cm$^{-3}$ may exhibit $ZT \approx$ 1.4 at 600 K.
description: 11 pages, 12 figures
The Nature of Radio Continuum Emission in the Dwarf Starburst Galaxy NGC 625
Creators: name: Cannon, John M.
name: Skillman, Evan D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present new multi-frequency radio continuum imaging of the dwarf starburst galaxy NGC 625 obtained with the Very Large Array. Data at 20, 6, and 3.6 cm reveal global continuum emission dominated by free-free emission, with only mild synchrotron components. Each of the major HII regions is detected; the individual spectral indices are thermal for the youngest regions (showing strongest H Alpha emission) and nonthermal for the oldest. We do not detect any sources that appear to be associated with deeply embedded, dense, young clusters, though we have discovered one low-luminosity, obscured source that has no luminous optical counterpart and which resides in the region of highest optical extinction. Since NGC 625 is a Wolf-Rayet galaxy with strong recent star formation, these radio properties suggest that the youngest star formation complexes have not yet evolved to the point where their thermal spectra are significantly contaminated by synchrotron emission. The nonthermal components are associated with regions of older star formation that have smaller ionized gas components. These results imply a range of ages of the HII regions and radio components that agrees with our previous resolved stellar population analysis, where an extended burst of star formation has pervaded the disk of NGC 625 over the last ~ 50 Myr. We compare the nature of radio continuum emission in selected nearby dwarf starburst and Wolf-Rayet galaxies, demonstrating that thermal radio continuum emission appears to be more common in these systems than in typical HII galaxies with less recent star formation and more evolved stellar clusters.
description: ApJ, in press; 27 pages, 5 figures. Full-resolution version may be obtained at http://www.astro.umn.edu/~cannon/n625.vla.ps
Additional file 1 of Host-associated microbiomes are predicted by immune system complexity and climate
Creators: name: Woodhams, Douglas
name: Bletz, Molly
name: C. Becker
name: Bender, Hayden
name: Buitrago-Rosas, Daniel
name: Diebboll, Hannah
name: Huynh, Roger
name: Kearns, Patrick
name: Kueneman, Jordan
name: Kurosawa, Emmi
name: LaBumbard, Brandon
name: Lyons, Casandra
name: McNally, Kerry
name: Schliep, Klaus
name: Nachiket Shankar
name: Tokash-Peters, Amanda
name: Vences, Miguel
name: Whetstone, Ross
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Additional file 1. Supplementary tables and figures [136â€“158].
Additional file 13 of Host-associated microbiomes are predicted by immune system complexity and climate
Creators: name: Woodhams, Douglas
name: Bletz, Molly
name: C. Becker
name: Bender, Hayden
name: Buitrago-Rosas, Daniel
name: Diebboll, Hannah
name: Huynh, Roger
name: Kearns, Patrick
name: Kueneman, Jordan
name: Kurosawa, Emmi
name: LaBumbard, Brandon
name: Lyons, Casandra
name: McNally, Kerry
name: Schliep, Klaus
name: Nachiket Shankar
name: Tokash-Peters, Amanda
name: Vences, Miguel
name: Whetstone, Ross
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 13. Review history.
Additional file 5 of The role of sex and gender in the selection of Alzheimer patients for clinical trial pre-screening
Creators: name: Maitee Rosende-Roca
name: Abdelnour, Carla
name: Esteban, Ester
name: Tartari, Juan Pablo
name: Alarcon, Emilio
name: Martínez-Atienza, Juliana
name: González-Pérez, Antonio
name: Sáez, María E.
name: Lafuente, Asunción
name: Buendía, Mar
name: Pancho, Ana
name: Aguilera, Nuria
name: Ibarria, Marta
name: Diego, Susana
name: Jofresa, Sara
name: Hernández, Isabel
name: López, Rogelio
name: Gurruchaga, Miren Jone
name: Lluís Tárraga
name: Valero, Sergi
name: Ruiz, Agustín
name: Marquié, Marta
name: Boada, Mercè
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 5.
Solving the migration-recombination equation from a genealogical point of view
Creators: name: Alberti, Frederic
name: Baake, Ellen
name: Letter, Ian
name: Martinez, Servet
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 92D15, 60C05, 05C80, 37N25

description: We consider the discrete-time migration-recombination equation, a deterministic, nonlinear dynamical system that describes the evolution of the genetic type distribution of a population evolving under migration and recombination in a law of large numbers setting. We relate this dynamics (forward in time) to a Markov chain, namely a labelled partitioning process, backward in time. This way, we obtain a stochastic representation of the solution of the migration-recombination equation. As a consequence, one obtains an explicit solution of the nonlinear dynamics, simply in terms of powers of the transition matrix of the Markov chain. Finally, we investigate the limiting and quasi-limiting behaviour of the Markov chain, which gives immediate access to the asymptotic behaviour of the dynamical system. We finally sketch the analogous situation in continuous time.
SLEEF: A Portable Vectorized Library of C Standard Mathematical Functions
Creators: name: Shibata, Naoki
name: Petrogalli, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Software (cs.MS)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we present techniques used to implement our portable vectorized library of C standard mathematical functions written entirely in C language. In order to make the library portable while maintaining good performance, intrinsic functions of vector extensions are abstracted by inline functions or preprocessor macros. We implemented the functions so that they can use sub-features of vector extensions such as fused multiply-add, mask registers and extraction of mantissa. In order to make computation with SIMD instructions efficient, the library only uses a small number of conditional branches, and all the computation paths are vectorized. We devised a variation of the Payne-Hanek argument reduction for trigonometric functions and a floating point remainder, both of which are suitable for vector computation. We compare the performance of our library to Intel SVML.
description: in IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems. This is a version with all appendices included in a PDF. Accompanying software can be accessed at https://sleef.org or https://codeocean.com/capsule/6861013
Elaphropeza quatei Published 2007, sp. nov.
Creators: name: SHAMSHEV, IGOR V.
name: GROOTAERT, PATRICK
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Hybotidae
Elaphropeza
Elaphropeza quatei

description: Elaphropeza quatei sp. nov.
 Elaphropeza formosae: Quate, 1960: 63, fig. 2, a–d (male terminalia, wing, squamiform seta, antenna).
 Description. Fully described by Quate (1960).
 Derivatio nominis. The species is named in honour of Dr Laurence W. Quate who actually described it for the first time.
 Distribution. Micronesia (western Caroline Is.).
 Remarks. The relationships of E. quatei sp. nov. are unclear beyond inclusion within the E. ephippiata species group.
description: Published as part of SHAMSHEV, IGOR V. & GROOTAERT, PATRICK, 2007, Revision of the genus Elaphropeza Macquart (Diptera: Hybotidae) from the Oriental Region, with a special attention to the fauna of Singapore, pp. 1-164 in Zootaxa 1488 (1) on page 137, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1488.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5086985
Control release of mitochondria-targeted antioxidant by injectable self-assembling peptide hydrogel ameliorated persistent mitochondrial dysfunction and inflammation after acute kidney injury
Creators: name: Zhao, Meng
name: Zhou, Yijie
name: Liu, Shuyun
name: Li, Lan
name: Chen, Younan
name: Cheng, Jingqiu
name: Lu, Yanrong
name: Liu, Jingping
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Persistent mitochondrial injury occurs after acute kidney injury (AKI) and mitochondria-targeted antioxidant Mito-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-N-oxyl (TEMPO) (MT) has shown benefits for AKI, but its efficiency is limited by short half-life and side effect in vivo. Self-assembling peptide (SAP) hydrogel is a robust platform for drug delivery. This study aims to develop an SAP-based carrier to slow release MT for enhancing its long-term therapeutic potency on AKI. The KLD with aspartic acid (KLDD) was designed. The microstructure and in vitro release of MT was assayed. The protective role of MT-loaded SAP (SAP-MT) hydrogel on renal mitochondrial injury, tubular apoptosis, and inflammation was evaluated in mice at five days after ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). Our results showed that KLDD could self-assemble into cross-linked nanofiber hydrogel and it had lower release rate than free MT and KLD hydrogel. Compared to IRI and free MT mice, SAP-MT mice exerted reduced renal mitochondria-produced ROS (mtROS) and improved mitochondrial biogenesis and architecture. Consequently, SAP-MT mice showed less renal tubular cell apoptosis, kidney injury marker kidney injury molecule-1 (Kim-1) expression, lower level of pro-inflammatory factors expression, and macrophages infiltration than those of IRI and free MT mice. This study suggested that SAP-MT ameliorated IRI due to its extended mitochondrial protection role than free MT and thus improved the long-term outcomes of AKI.
Continuous-variable entanglement distillation by cascaded photon replacement
Creators: name: Mardani, Yasamin
name: Ghadimi, Milad
name: Shafiei, Ali
name: Abdi, Mehdi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the entanglement distillation in continuous variable systems when a photon replacement protocol is employed. A cascaded protocol is studied and we find that the resultant entanglement increases by increasing the number of repetitions. Interestingly, the entanglement enhancement is not sensitive to the asymmetry of the protocol and gives the same result for any arrangement in the absence of loss. The non-Gaussianity of the outcome state is also studied and it is found that the non-Gaussianity of the state dramatically depends on the experimental arrangements. By providing practical information on photon replacement operation, this work is one step towards realization of universal quantum computation. In particular, in setups where deGaussifying protocols are only applicable to one of the parties.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
TeV Blazars - Observations and Models
Creators: name: Krawczynski, Henric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Since the first TeV blazar Markarian (Mrk) 421 was detected in 1992, the number of established TeV gamma-ray emitting BL Lac objects has grown to 6, with redshifts ranging from 0.031 (Mrk 421) to 0.129 (H 1426+428). The intensive study of these sources has had a major impact on our understanding of the blazar phenomenon. The most notable observational results have been extremely fast large amplitude flux and spectral variability on hour time scales, and a pronounced X-ray - TeV gamma-ray flux correlation. In this paper we discuss recent observational results and report on progress in their theoretical interpretation.
description: Accepted for publication in New Astronomy Reviews; Invited Talk at the "2nd VERITAS Symposium on TeV Astrophysics of Extragalactic Sources", April 24-26, 2003, Chicago; 8 Pages, 2 Figures
Henricia pagenstcheri
Creators: name: Jangoux, Michel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Echinodermata
Asteroidea
Spinulosida
Echinasteridae
Henricia
Henricia pagenstcheri

description: parva Koehler, 1912, Cribrella
Cribrella parva Koehler, 1912: 152; 1912a: 40, pl. 4, figs 3, 8.
Henricia pagenstcheri ‒ Clark 1996: 238.
CURRENT STATUS. — Henricia pagenstcheri (Sladen, 1885).
TYPE MATERIAL. — Antarctic • holotype; Admiralty Bay (King Georges Island, South Shetland); Pourquoi-Pas? expedition (1908- 1910); 62°12’S, 60°55’W; depth 120 m; MNHN-IE-2014-43.
description: Published as part of Jangoux, Michel, 2022, The type specimens of extant asteroids (Echinodermata) in the Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle of Paris, pp. 259-334 in Zoosystema 44 (11) on page 306, DOI: 10.5252/zoosystema2022v44a11, http://zenodo.org/record/6616817
Ontologia formal na ciência da informação_ realismo e antirrealismo.pdf
Creators: name: Rocha, Rafael
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description:
Das fichas catalográficas às representações digitais, o realismo e o antirrealismo a serviço da Ciência da Informação para construção da “conceitualização compartilhada”