cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Mira-Titan Universe: Precision Predictions for Dark Energy Surveys
Creators: name: Heitmann, Katrin
name: Bingham, Derek
name: Lawrence, Earl
name: Bergner, Steven
name: Habib, Salman
name: Higdon, David
name: Pope, Adrian
name: Biswas, Rahul
name: Finkel, Hal
name: Frontiere, Nicholas
name: Bhattacharya, Suman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ground and space-based sky surveys enable powerful cosmological probes based on measurements of galaxy properties and the distribution of galaxies in the Universe. These probes include weak lensing, baryon acoustic oscillations, abundance of galaxy clusters, and redshift space distortions; they are essential to improving our knowledge of the nature of dark energy. On the theory and modeling front, large-scale simulations of cosmic structure formation play an important role in interpreting the observations and in the challenging task of extracting cosmological physics at the needed precision. These simulations must cover a parameter range beyond the standard six cosmological parameters and need to be run at high mass and force resolution. One key simulation-based task is the generation of accurate theoretical predictions for observables, via the method of emulation. Using a new sampling technique, we explore an 8-dimensional parameter space including massive neutrinos and a variable dark energy equation of state. We construct trial emulators using two surrogate models (the linear power spectrum and an approximate halo mass function). The new sampling method allows us to build precision emulators from just 26 cosmological models and to increase the emulator accuracy by adding new sets of simulations in a prescribed way. This allows emulator fidelity to be systematically improved as new observational data becomes available and higher accuracy is required. Finally, using one LCDM cosmology as an example, we study the demands imposed on a simulation campaign to achieve the required statistics and accuracy when building emulators for dark energy investigations.
description: 14 pages, 13 figures
On Some Properties of Calibrated Trifocal Tensors
Creators: name: Martyushev, Evgeniy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In two-view geometry, the essential matrix describes the relative position and orientation of two calibrated images. In three views, a similar role is assigned to the calibrated trifocal tensor. It is a particular case of the (uncalibrated) trifocal tensor and thus it inherits all its properties but, due to the smaller degrees of freedom, satisfies a number of additional algebraic constraints. Some of them are described in this paper. More specifically, we define a new notion --- the trifocal essential matrix. On the one hand, it is a generalization of the ordinary (bifocal) essential matrix, and, on the other hand, it is closely related to the calibrated trifocal tensor. We prove the two necessary and sufficient conditions that characterize the set of trifocal essential matrices. Based on these characterizations, we propose three necessary conditions on a calibrated trifocal tensor. They have a form of 15 quartic and 99 quintic polynomial equations. We show that in the practically significant real case the 15 quartic constraints are also sufficient.
description: 18 pages, 1 figure
The emerging regulatory potential of SCFMet30-mediated polyubiquitination and proteolysis of the Met4 transcriptional activator
Creators: name: Chandrasekaran, Srikripa
Publisher: name: BioMed Central Ltd
Year: 2008

description: Abstract The yeast SCFMet30 ubiquitin ligase plays a critical role in cell division by regulating the Met4 transcriptional activator of genes that control the uptake and assimilation of sulfur into methionine and S-adenosyl-methionine. The initial view on how SCFMet30 performs its function has been driven by the assumption that SCFMet30 acts exclusively as Met4 inhibitor when high levels of methionine drive an accumulation of cysteine. We revisit this model in light of the growing evidence that SCFMet30 can also activate Met4. The notion that Met4 can be inhibited or activated depending on the sulfur metabolite context is not new, but for the first time both aspects have been linked to SCFMet30, creating an interesting regulatory paradigm in which polyubiquitination and proteolysis of a single transcriptional activator can play different roles depending on context. We discuss the emerging molecular basis and the implications of this new regulatory phenomenon.
Transform2Open - Kostenmonitoring und Informationsbudget
Creators: name: Schön, Margit
name: Barbers, Irene
name: Bertelmann, Roland
name: Ferguson, Lea Maria
name: Höhnow, Tobias
name: Kostädt, Peter
name: Meistring, Marcel
name: Mittermaier, Bernhard
name: Pampel, Heinz
name: Shelly, Joshua
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Open Access
Open-Access-Transformation
Kostenmonitoring
Informationsbudget

description: Die Präsentation bildet die Grundlage für einen Beitrag beim Austauschforum zum Programm Open-Access-Publikationskosten am 26.09.2023 in Berlin. Im Rahmen des von der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) veranstalteten Austauschforums wurden Erfahrungen und Anregungen aus der ersten Förderphase gesammelt und wichtige Aspekte für die zweite Förderphase erörtert. Das DFG-Projekt Transform2Open widmet sich der Weiterentwicklung von Budgets, Kriterien, Kompetenzen und damit verbundenen Prozessen an wissenschaftlichen Einrichtungen rund um die finanziellen Dimensionen der Open-Access-Transformation. Die Präsentation stellt zwei Arbeitspakete aus dem Projekt vor: (1) Verbesserung und Weiterentwicklung des Kostenmonitorings; (2) Förderung des Zusammenspiels von Bibliotheksetats, Drittmitteln und weiteren Finanzmitteln an wissenschaftlichen Einrichtungen zur Schaffung von übergreifenden Informationsbudgets.
Exploring the RISC-V ISA and the Ariane Project: Open-Source Powerhouse
Creators: name: Anil Dr Bheemaiah K
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Araine risc v processor

description: The world of computer architecture and instruction set architectures (ISAs) has long been dominated by proprietary designs. However, the emergence of the RISC-V ISA has revolutionized the landscape, offering an open-source alternative that fosters innovation, collaboration, and customization. In this article, we delve into the RISC-V ISA and its implementation in the Ariane project, shedding light on its significance and providing valuable resources for further exploration.
Sustainability and assessment methodology
Creators: name: LOGOTHETIS, Vangelis
name: VÉGH, Alexandra
name: KOVÁCS, Katalin
name: NEOKOSMIDIS, Ioannis
name: ROKKAS, Theodoros
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Business modelling
Cost-benefit analysis
Market analysis
Scenario planning

description: The present document describes the general methodological framework to be utilized for the assessment of NEANIAS’ business perspectives and innovation cases. To achieve this task, several methodologies are being employed that enable the identification and detailed description of the external and internal factors that can potentially influence the NEANIAS ecosystem. More specifically, the market analysis deconstructs the economic environment that NEANIAS is expected to be a part of, drawing useful conclusions about the existent economic forces. Then, the business modelling looks to further understand the NEANIAS services and its surroundings, understanding how they can interconnect with each other, a foundational part of the analysis that can enable sustainability through the provision of invaluable information. All gathered intelligence regarding the services and the market is leveraged by the technoeconomic model that translates detailed information into numerical values, particularly monetary ones. These can be directly used for the evaluation of the project’s sustainability, regarding business perspectives through market analysis, business modelling, technoeconomic analysis, and cost-benefit analysis for each service for providing internal feedback to service providers. The aforementioned methodological steps are described in detail in the following sections followed by a general overview of how they will be brought together to provide fruitful results. Furthermore, the described methodology can enhance the value derived from the EOSC ecosystem, while easing the difficulties in the integration for Neanias and similar future initiatives.
The Effective Field Theorist's Approach to Gravitational Dynamics
Creators: name: Porto, Rafael A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review the effective field theory (EFT) approach to gravitational dynamics. We focus on extended objects in long-wavelength backgrounds and gravitational wave emission from spinning binary systems. We conclude with an introduction to EFT methods for the study of cosmological large scale structures.
description: 150+ pages and lots of figures. Invited topical review for Physics Reports. v2: Typos fixed and references added. Published version
Zigzag-base Folded Sheet Cellular Mechanical Metamaterials
Creators: name: Eidini, Maryam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Japanese art of turning flat sheets into 3D intricate structures, origami, has inspired design of mechanical metamaterials. Mechanical metamaterials are artificially engineered materials with uncommon properties. Miura-ori is a remarkable origami folding pattern with metamaterial properties and a wide range of applications. In this study, by dislocating the zigzag strips of a Miura-ori pattern along the joining ridges, we create a class of one-degree of freedom (DOF) cellular mechanical metamaterials. The resulting configurations are based on a unit cell in which two zigzag strips surround a hole with a parallelogram cross section. We show that dislocating zigzag strips of the Miura-ori along the joining ridges, preserves and/or tunes the outstanding properties of the Miura-ori. The introduced materials are lighter than their corresponding Miura-ori sheets due to the presence of holes in the patterns. Moreover, they are amenable to similar modifications available for Miura-ori which make them appropriate for a wide range of applications.
description: 15 pages
Limited educational attainment and radiographic and symptomatic knee osteoarthritis: a cross-sectional analysis using data from the Johnston County (North Carolina) Osteoarthritis Project
Creators: name: Schwartz, Todd
name: Shreffler, Jack
name: Callahan, Leigh
name: Renner, Jordan B
name: Jordan, Joanne
name: Schoster, Britta
Publisher: name: BioMed Central Ltd
Year: 2010

description: Abstract Introduction Applying a cross-sectional analysis to a sample of 2,627 African-American and Caucasian adults aged ≥ 45 years from the Johnston County Osteoarthritis Project, we studied the association between educational attainment and prevalence of radiographic knee osteoarthritis and symptomatic knee osteoarthritis. Methods Age- and race-adjusted associations between education and osteoarthritis outcomes were assessed by gender-stratified logistic regression models, with additional models adjusting for body mass index, knee injury, smoking, alcohol use, and occupational factors. Results In an analysis of all participants, low educational attainment (<12 years) was associated with higher prevalence of four knee osteoarthritis outcomes (unilateral and bilateral radiographic and symptomatic osteoarthritis). Women with low educational attainment had 50% higher odds of having radiographic knee osteoarthritis and 65% higher odds of symptomatic knee osteoarthritis compared with those with higher educational attainment (≥ 12 years), by using fully adjusted models. In the subset of postmenopausal women, these associations tended to be weaker but little affected by adjustment for hormone replacement therapy. Men with low educational attainment had 85% higher odds of having symptomatic knee osteoarthritis by using fully adjusted models, but the association with radiographic knee osteoarthritis was explained by age. Conclusions After adjustment for known risk factors, educational attainment, as an indicator of socioeconomic status, is associated with symptomatic knee osteoarthritis in both men and women and with radiographic knee osteoarthritis in women.
Solvability of Matrix-Exponential Equations
Creators: name: Ouaknine, Joël
name: Pouly, Amaury
name: Sousa-Pinto, João
name: Worrell, James
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We consider a continuous analogue of Babai et al.'s and Cai et al.'s problem of solving multiplicative matrix equations. Given $k+1$ square matrices $A_{1}, \ldots, A_{k}, C$, all of the same dimension, whose entries are real algebraic, we examine the problem of deciding whether there exist non-negative reals $t_{1}, \ldots, t_{k}$ such that \begin{align*} \prod \limits_{i=1}^{k} \exp(A_{i} t_{i}) = C . \end{align*} We show that this problem is undecidable in general, but decidable under the assumption that the matrices $A_{1}, \ldots, A_{k}$ commute. Our results have applications to reachability problems for linear hybrid automata. Our decidability proof relies on a number of theorems from algebraic and transcendental number theory, most notably those of Baker, Kronecker, Lindemann, and Masser, as well as some useful geometric and linear-algebraic results, including the Minkowski-Weyl theorem and a new (to the best of our knowledge) result about the uniqueness of strictly upper triangular matrix logarithms of upper unitriangular matrices. On the other hand, our undecidability result is shown by reduction from Hilbert's Tenth Problem.
description: Accepted to LICS 2016
Functional signatures of oral dysbiosis during periodontitis progression revealed by microbial metatranscriptome analysis
Creators: name: Krishnan, Keerthana
name: Duran-Pinedo, Ana E
name: Yost, Susan
name: Frias-Lopez, Jorge
name: Teles, Ricardo
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2015

description: Abstract Background Periodontitis is a polymicrobial biofilm-induced inflammatory disease that affects 743 million people worldwide. The current model to explain periodontitis progression proposes that changes in the relative abundance of members of the oral microbiome lead to dysbiosis in the host-microbiome crosstalk and then to inflammation and bone loss. Using combined metagenome/metatranscriptome analysis of the subgingival microbiome in progressing and non-progressing sites, we have characterized the distinct molecular signatures of periodontitis progression. Methods Metatranscriptome analysis was conducted on samples from subgingival biofilms from progressing and stable sites from periodontitis patients. Community-wide expression profiles were obtained using Next Generation Sequencing (Illumina). Sequences were aligned using ‘bowtie2’ against a constructed oral microbiome database. Differential expression analysis was performed using the non-parametric algorithm implemented on the R package ‘NOISeqBio’. We summarized global functional activities of the oral microbial community by set enrichment analysis based on the Gene Ontology (GO) orthology. Results Gene ontology enrichment analysis showed an over-representation in the baseline of active sites of terms related to cell motility, lipid A and peptidoglycan biosynthesis, and transport of iron, potassium, and amino acids. Periodontal pathogens (Tannerella forsythia and Porphyromonas gingivalis) upregulated different TonB-dependent receptors, peptidases, proteases, aerotolerance genes, iron transport genes, hemolysins, and CRISPR-associated genes. Surprisingly, organisms that have not been usually associated with the disease (Streptococcus oralis, Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus intermedius, Streptococcus mitis, Veillonella parvula, and Pseudomonas fluorenscens) were highly active transcribing putative virulence factors. We detected patterns of activities associated with progression of clinical traits. Among those we found that the profiles of expression of cobalamin biosynthesis, proteolysis, and potassium transport were associated with the evolution towards disease. Conclusions We identified metabolic changes in the microbial community associated with the initial stages of dysbiosis. Regardless of the overall composition of the community, certain metabolic signatures are consistent with disease progression. Our results suggest that the whole community, and not just a handful of oral pathogens, is responsible for an increase in virulence that leads to progression. Trial registration NCT01489839 , 6 December 2011.
Comparing a single-stage geocoding method to a multi-stage geocoding method: how much and where do they disagree?
Creators: name: Whitsel, Eric
Publisher: name: BioMed Central Ltd
Year: 2007

description: Abstract Background Geocoding methods vary among spatial epidemiology studies. Errors in the geocoding process and differential match rates may reduce study validity. We compared two geocoding methods using 8,157 Washington State addresses. The multi-stage geocoding method implemented by the state health department used a sequence of local and national reference files. The single-stage method used a single national reference file. For each address geocoded by both methods, we measured the distance between the locations assigned by each method. Area-level characteristics were collected from census data, and modeled as predictors of the discordance between geocoded address coordinates. Results The multi-stage method had a higher match rate than the single-stage method: 99% versus 95%. Of 7,686 addresses were geocoded by both methods, 96% were geocoded to the same census tract by both methods and 98% were geocoded to locations within 1 km of each other by the two methods. The distance between geocoded coordinates for the same address was higher in sparsely populated and low poverty areas, and counties with local reference files. Conclusion The multi-stage geocoding method had a higher match rate than the single-stage method. An examination of differences in the location assigned to the same address suggested that study results may be most sensitive to the choice of geocoding method in sparsely populated or low-poverty areas.
Osteogenesis Imperfecta: The pocket guide for adults living with OI
Creators: name: Morgan, Chloe
name: Wilkinson, Laura
name: Edwards, Darren
name: Merrell, Joy
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Public health not elsewhere classified

description: This patient guide was developed as part of a PhD research project at Swansea University. The research was investigating the transition from paediatric to adult services and the management of ongoing care of adults with Osteogenesis imperfecta.
Lights Illuminate Surfaces Superluminally
Creators: name: Nemiroff, Robert J.
name: Zhong, Qi
name: Lilleskov, Elias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Popular Physics (physics.pop-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When a light bulb is turned on, light moves away from it at speed $c$, by definition. When light from this bulb illuminates a surface, however, this illumination front is not constrained to move at speed $c$. A simple proof is given that this illumination front always moves {\it faster} than $c$. Generalized, when any compact light source itself varies, this information spreads across all of the surfaces it illuminates at speeds faster than light.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure, comments welcome
Spectral fidelity benchmarks from solar spectroscopy with a Fourier Transform Spectrometer
Creators: name: Reiners, Ansgar
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Precision and accuracy of spectroscopic observations are limited by the amount of photons from (typically faint) astronomical objects and by the difficulties inherent to calibrations. The latter becomes more and more relevant for extreme precision Doppler measurements that need frequency calibration at the limits for echelle spectroscopy. These fundamental problems can be overcome in observations of the Sun with a Fourier Transform Spectrometer (FTS). In combination with stable calibration sources, precision and accuracy can be pushed into the cm/s regime in Doppler spectroscopy. This allows precise characterization of calibration sources and benchmark studies on the Sun. We observed the Sun with our FTS and created spectroscopic atlases of the Sun as a star and of the solar surface at difference limb positions. Furthermore, we are characterizing Fabry Perot etalons for precision radial velocity experiments and show ways to improve the accuracy of calibration standards for several areas in astronomy.
On the evolution of particle-puffs in turbulence
Creators: name: Bianchi, Stefano
name: Biferale, Luca
name: Celani, Antonio
name: Cencini, Massimo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the evolution of turbulent puffs by means of high-resolution numerical simulations. Puffs are bunches of passive particles released from an initially spherical distribution at regular time intervals of the order of the Kolmogorov time. The instantaneous shapes of particle puffs, in particular their asphericity and prolateness, are characterized by measuring the gyration tensor. Analysis has been performed by following, up to one large scale eddy-turn-over time, more than $10^4$ different puffs, each made of 2000 particle tracers, emitted from different places in a homogeneous and isotropic turbulent fluid with Taylor-scale Reynolds number $Re_λ\sim 300$. We also analyze the probability of hitting a given target placed downstream with respect to the local wind at the time of emission, presenting data for three different cases: (i) without any reconstruction of the shape, i.e. considering the bunch of point tracers, and approximating the particle-puff as a (ii) sphere or as an (iii) ellipsoid. The results show a strong dependence on the fluctuations of the instantaneous wind at the moment of the emission and appear to be robust with respect to the approximations (i)-(iii).
description: postprint version, Published online 28 August 2015 European Journal of Mechanics -B/Fluids
Mass blood survey for malaria: pooling and realtime PCR combined with expert microscopy in north-west Thailand
Creators: name: Meshnick, Steven R.
Publisher: name: BioMed Central Ltd
Year: 2012

description: Abstract Background Asymptomatic carriage of Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax is common in both low-and high-transmission settings and represents an important reservoir of infection that needs to be targeted if malaria elimination is to succeed. Methods Mass blood examinations (475 individuals) were conducted in two villages in Mae Hong Son, an area of endemic but low-transmission malaria in the north-west of Thailand. The microscopist at the local malaria clinic did not detect any infections. Pools of four samples were screened by real-time PCR; individual members of all of the positive pools were then re-examined by expert microscopy and by a second species-specific PCR reaction. Results Eight subjects were found to be positive by both PCR and expert microscopy and one was found to be positive by PCR alone. The slides contained asexual stage parasites of P. vivax, P. falciparum and Plasmodium malariae, but no gametocytes. The local clinic was notified within two to eight days of the survey. Conclusion A combination of pooling, real-time PCR and expert microscopy provides a feasible approach to identifying and treating asymptomatic malaria infections in a timely manner.
Estimation of Fiber Orientations Using Neighborhood Information
Creators: name: Ye, Chuyang
name: Zhuo, Jiachen
name: Gullapalli, Rao P.
name: Prince, Jerry L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Data from diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) can be used to reconstruct fiber tracts, for example, in muscle and white matter. Estimation of fiber orientations (FOs) is a crucial step in the reconstruction process and these estimates can be corrupted by noise. In this paper, a new method called Fiber Orientation Reconstruction using Neighborhood Information (FORNI) is described and shown to reduce the effects of noise and improve FO estimation performance by incorporating spatial consistency. FORNI uses a fixed tensor basis to model the diffusion weighted signals, which has the advantage of providing an explicit relationship between the basis vectors and the FOs. FO spatial coherence is encouraged using weighted l1-norm regularization terms, which contain the interaction of directional information between neighbor voxels. Data fidelity is encouraged using a squared error between the observed and reconstructed diffusion weighted signals. After appropriate weighting of these competing objectives, the resulting objective function is minimized using a block coordinate descent algorithm, and a straightforward parallelization strategy is used to speed up processing. Experiments were performed on a digital crossing phantom, ex vivo tongue dMRI data, and in vivo brain dMRI data for both qualitative and quantitative evaluation. The results demonstrate that FORNI improves the quality of FO estimation over other state of the art algorithms.
description: Journal paper accepted in Medical Image Analysis. 35 pages and 16 figures
Association between genomic recurrence risk and well-being among breast cancer patients
Creators: name: Brewer, Noel T.
Publisher: name: BioMed Central Ltd
Year: 2013

description: Abstract: Background: Gene expression profiling (GEP) is increasingly used in the rapidly evolving field of personalized medicine. We sought to evaluate the association between GEP-assessed of breast cancer recurrence risk and patients’ well-being. Methods: Participants were Dutch women from 10 hospitals being treated for early stage breast cancer who were enrolled in the MINDACT trial (Microarray In Node-negative and 1 to 3 positive lymph node Disease may Avoid ChemoTherapy). As part of the trial, they received a disease recurrence risk estimate based on a 70-gene signature and on standard clinical criteria as scored via a modified version of Adjuvant! Online. \\Women completed a questionnaire 6–8 weeks after surgery and after their decision regarding adjuvant chemotherapy. The questionnaire assessed perceived understanding, knowledge, risk perception, satisfaction, distress, cancer worry and health-related quality of life (HRQoL), 6–8 weeks after surgery and decision regarding adjuvant chemotherapy. Results: Women (n = 347, response rate 62%) reported high satisfaction with and a good understanding of the GEP information they received. Women with low risk estimates from both the standard and genomic tests reported the lowest distress levels. Distress was higher predominately among patients who had received high genomic risk estimates, who did not receive genomic risk estimates, or who received conflicting estimates based on genomic and clinical criteria. Cancer worry was highest for patients with higher risk perceptions and lower satisfaction. Patients with concordant high-risk profiles and those for whom such profiles were not available reported lower quality of life. Conclusion: Patients were generally satisfied with the information they received about recurrence risk based on genomic testing. Some types of genomic test results were associated with greater distress levels, but not with cancer worry or HRQoL. Trial registration: ISRCTN: ISRCTN18543567
Reconceptualising the Third Teacher: A study of trainee experiences of work-based learning on Level 3 Early Years programmes
Creators: name: Bradbury, Aaron
Publisher: name: College of Arts, Humanities and Education, University of Derby
Year: 2023
Subjects: Early Years, TVET, Vocational Education, Work based learning

description: There is a paucity of research exploring learning and pedagogy in the Early Years workplace. This thesis addresses that gap by exploring how learning and pedagogy are differently experienced by early years trainees pursuing a Level 3 early years apprenticeship and a full-time diploma early childhood programme. Bronfenbrenner’s ecological systems theory provides the theoretical framework for this qualitative study, which was predicated on the belief that knowledge is gained from practice through experiences of the learner within the ecological theory model and that further development is built upon interactions within the workplace. Eight early childhood practitioners participated in the study, which adopted a case study approach and utilised a range of methods including on-line interviews, focus-groups, observations, and reflective diaries contributed by the participants. The study illustrates how potential work-based learning opportunities are mediated by the type of learning programme pursued by trainees, also demonstrating how early childhood practitioners with a stronger learning orientation achieve higher levels of work-based competence/expertise of being an early years professional. Colleagues and supervisors' social support within practice was found to play a significant role in job competence/expertise, highlighting the need for highly trained practitioners within the area of early childhood. Related to this, the study found that the role of the ‘third teacher’, or learning within the early years workplace environment, is significant in outcomes for trainees in the Early Years sector. The informal relationships that the trainee professional makes with other colleagues is based on the findings of this research, which has given a new idea to how early years professionals are learning whilst undertaking their training courses. The thesis clearly argues that there is a change in what is meant by the third teacher and reconceptualises what it means, regarding early years work-based learning. It concludes that there are significant differences in the work-place learning opportunities offered to trainees on different programmes, and that the importance of developing informal connections with early years colleagues provides the basis for work-based learning in Early Years training.
Modification by pion exchange of near threshold resonance line shape in open heavy flavor channel
Creators: name: Voloshin, M. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effect of the pion exchange on the line shape of near threshold bottomoniumlike resonances decaying into an $S$ wave pair of $B^{(*)}$ mesons is considered. It is pointed out that this effect, parametrically enhanced by the heavy meson mass, can be of a practical significance in determining the parameters of the bottomoniumlike resonances such as the known $Z_b(10610)$ and $Z_b(10650)$ states.
description: 8 pages, 1 figure
Transcription start site profiling uncovers divergent transcription and enhancer-associated RNAs in Drosophila melanogaster
Creators: name: Meers, Michael P
name: Strahl, Brian
name: Matera, Gregory
name: Duronio, Robert
name: McKay, Daniel
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2018

description: Abstract Background High-resolution transcription start site (TSS) mapping in D. melanogaster embryos and cell lines has revealed a rich and detailed landscape of both cis- and trans-regulatory elements and factors. However, TSS profiling has not been investigated in an orthogonal in vivo setting. Here, we present a comprehensive dataset that links TSS dynamics with nucleosome occupancy and gene expression in the wandering third instar larva, a developmental stage characterized by large-scale shifts in transcriptional programs in preparation for metamorphosis. Results The data recapitulate major regulatory classes of TSSs, based on peak width, promoter-proximal polymerase pausing, and cis-regulatory element density. We confirm the paucity of divergent transcription units in D. melanogaster, but also identify notable exceptions. Furthermore, we identify thousands of novel initiation events occurring at unannotated TSSs that can be classified into functional categories by their local density of histone modifications. Interestingly, a sub-class of these unannotated TSSs overlaps with functionally validated enhancer elements, consistent with a regulatory role for “enhancer RNAs” (eRNAs) in defining developmental transcription programs. Conclusions High-depth TSS mapping is a powerful strategy for identifying and characterizing low-abundance and/or low-stability RNAs. Global analysis of transcription initiation patterns in a developing organism reveals a vast number of novel initiation events that identify potential eRNAs as well as other non-coding transcripts critical for animal development.
Mass transfer during drying of colloidal film beneath a patterned mask that contains a hexagonal array of holes
Creators: name: Tarasevich, Yuri Yu.
name: Vodolazskaya, Irina V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We simulated an experiment in which a thin colloidal sessile droplet is allowed to dry out on a horizontal hydrophilic surface when a mask just above the droplet predominantly allows evaporation from the droplet free surface directly beneath the holes in the mask [Harris D J, Hu H, Conrad J C and Lewis J A 2007 \textit{Phys. Rev. Lett.} \textbf{98} 148301]. We considered one particular case when centre-to-centre spacing between the holes is much less than the drop diameter. In our model, advection, diffusion, and sedimentation were taken into account. FlexPDE was utilized to solve an advection-diffusion equation using the finite element method. The simulation demonstrated that the colloidal particles accumulate below the holes as the solvent evaporates. Diffusion can reduce this accumulation.
description: 6 pages, 5 figs
Conformal anomalies of CFT's with boundaries
Creators: name: Fursaev, Dmitri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The trace anomaly of conformal field theories in four dimensions is characterized by '$a$' and '$c$'-functions. The scaling properties of the effective action of a CFT in the presence of boundaries is shown to be determined by $a$, $c$ and two new functions (charges) related to boundary effects. The boundary charges are computed for different theories and different boundary conditions. One of the boundary charges depends on the bulk $c$ charge.
description: 9 pages, no figures, misprints in Table 1 and typos corrected, new references added, a possible relation between boundary and bulk charges is pointed out
FoamPi: An open-source Raspberry Pi based apparatus for monitoring polyurethane foam reactions.
Creators: name: Wright, Harry
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Physical Sciences and Mathematics

description: Adiabatic temperature rise (ATR) is an important method for determining isocyanate conversion in polyurethane foam reactions as well as many other exothermic chemical reactions. ATR can be used in conjunction with change in height and mass measurements to gain understanding into the blowing and gelling reactions that occur during polyurethane foaming as well as give important information on cell morphology. FoamPi is an open-source Raspberry Pi device for monitoring polyurethane foaming reactions. The device effectively monitors temperature rise, change in foam height as well as changes in the mass during the reaction. Three Python scripts are also presented. The first logs raw data during the reaction. The second corrects temperature data such that it can be used in ATR reactions for calculating isocyanate conversion; additionally this script reduces noise in all the data and removes erroneous readings. The final script extracts important information from the corrected data such as maximum temperature change and maximum height change as well as the time to reach these points. Commercial examples of such equipment exist however the price (£10000) of these equipment make these systems inaccessible for many research laboratories. The FoamPi build presented is inexpensive (£350).
The dirty money I deserve would no longer be dirty money
Creators: name: Yang, Danni
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences

description: This study investigated two main questions: first, not only does money carry a moral history, but dirty money with a negative moral history is contagious, as evidenced by the fact that when people receive dirty money, they rated their morality and humanity significantly lower than when they receive clean money, accompanied by negative emotions; second, if dirty money is contagious, why is it still widely circulated. This study used individuals' deservingness of money as one of the explanations.
Multi-Verse Education Quarterly
Creators: name: Gokcedag, Erol
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Education

description: This article poses three pivotal research question about the potential and scalability of E-Learning, Digital Game-Based Learning, and gamification globally. The arguments and examples in this article sought to address these questions and to identify the unique qualities of DGBL, such as its potential for fun, excitement, and interactive learning, and its concomitant role in the transformation of learning in developing countries.
Assessment of the accuracy of coupled cluster perturbation theory for open-shell systems. II. Quadruples expansions
Creators: name: Eriksen, Janus J.
name: Matthews, Devin A.
name: Jørgensen, Poul
name: Gauss, Jürgen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extend our assessment of the potential of perturbative coupled cluster (CC) expansions for a test set of open-shell atoms and organic radicals to the description of quadruple excitations. Namely, the second- through sixth-order models of the recently proposed CCSDT(Q-n) quadruples series [J. Chem. Phys. 140, 064108 (2014)] are compared to the prominent CCSDT(Q) and lambda-CCSDT(Q) models. From a comparison of the models in terms of their recovery of total CC singles, doubles, triples, and quadruples (CCSDTQ) energies, we find that the performance of the CCSDT(Q-n) models is independent of the reference used (unrestricted or restricted (open-shell) Hartree-Fock), in contrast to the CCSDT(Q) and lambda-CCSDT(Q) models, for which the accuracy is strongly dependent on the spin of the molecular ground state. By further comparing the ability of the models to recover relative CCSDTQ atomization energies, the discrepancy between them is found to be even more pronounced, stressing how a balanced description of both closed- and open-shell species - as found in the CCSDT(Q-n) models - is indeed of paramount importance if any perturbative CC model is to be of chemical relevance for high-accuracy applications. In particular, the third-order CCSDT(Q-3) model is found to offer an encouraging alternative to the existing choices of quadruples models used in modern computational thermochemistry, since the model is still only of moderate cost, albeit markedly more costly than, e.g., the CCSDT(Q) and lambda-CCSDT(Q) models.
description: 18 pages, 3 figures, 1 supporting information (attached as an ancillary file)
ALUPower: Data Dependent Power Consumption in GPUs
Creators: name: Lucas, Jan
name: Juurlink, Ben
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 004 Datenverarbeitung; Informatik
subject: data dependent power
subject: GPU
subject: power modelling

description: Existing architectural power models for GPUs count activities such as executing floating point or integer instructions, but do not consider the data values processed. While data value dependent power consumption can often be neglected when performing architectural simulations of high performance Out-of-Order (OoO) CPUs, we show that this approach is invalid for estimating the power consumption of GPUs. The throughput processing approach of GPUs reduces the amount of control logic and shifts the area and power budget towards functional units and register files. This makes accurate estimations of the power consumption of functional units even more crucial than in OoO CPUs. Using measurements from actual GPUs, we show that the processed data values influence the energy consumption of GPUs significantly. For example, the power consumption of one kernel varies between 155 and 257 Watt depending on the processed values. Existing architectural simulators are not able to model the influence of the data values on power consumption. RTL and gate level simulators usually consider data values in their power estimates but require detailed modeling of the employed units and are extremely slow. We first describe how the power consumption of GPU functional units can be measured and characterized using microbenchmarks. Then measurement results are presented and several opportunities for energy reduction by software developers or compilers are described. Finally, we demonstrate a simple and fast power macro model to estimate the power consumption of functional units and provide a significant improvement in accuracy compared to previously used constant energy per instruction models.
A qualitative study exploring health workers and patient caregivers’ hand hygiene practices in a neonatal unit in Blantyre, Malawi, implications for controlling outbreaks of drug resistant infections
Creators: name: Mangochi, Helen
name: Tolhurst, Rachel
name: Simpson, Victoria
name: Chidziwisano, Kondwani
name: Kawaza, Kondwani
name: Morse, Tracy
name: Feasey, Nicholas
name: MacPherson, Eleanor
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Public Health
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Other Social and Behavioral Sciences

description: This project explores the health workers and patient caregivers' hand hygiene practices in a neonatal unit in Blantyre, Malawi. We drew on ethnographic methodology to provide an in-depth understanding of hand hyigine practices and the broader social factors that shaped these behaviors.
Assessing the feasibility of introducing health insurance in Afghanistan: a qualitative stakeholder analysis
Creators: name: Sears, Kathleen
name: Jabarkhil, Mohammad Y
name: Sayedi, Omarzaman
name: Kim, Christine
name: Archer, Lauren
name: Zeng, Wu
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2017

description: Abstract Background In the last decade, the health status of Afghans has improved drastically. However, the health financing system in Afghanistan remains fragile due to high out-of-pocket spending and reliance on donor funding. To address the country’s health financing challenges, the Ministry of Public Health investigated health insurance as a mechanism to mobilize resources for health. This paper presents stakeholders’ opinions on seven preconditions of implementing this approach, as their understanding and buy-in to such an approach will determine its success. Methods Key informant interviews and focus group discussions were conducted with stakeholders. The interviews focused on perceptions of the seven preconditions of introducing health insurance, and adapting a framework developed by the International Labor Organization. Content analysis was conducted after interviews and discussions were transcribed and coded. Results Almost all of the stakeholders from government agencies, the private sector, and development partners are interested in introducing health insurance in Afghanistan, and they were aware of the challenges of the country’s health financing system. Stakeholders acknowledged that health insurance could be an instrument to address these challenges. However, stakeholders differed in their beliefs about how and when to initiate a health insurance scheme. In addition to increasing insecurity in the country, they saw a lack of clear legal guidance, low quality of healthcare services, poor awareness among the population, limited technical capacity, and challenges to willingness to pay as the major barriers to establishing a successful nationwide health insurance scheme. Conclusions The identified barriers prevent Afghanistan from establishing health insurance in the short term. Afghanistan must progressively address these major impediments in order to build a health insurance system.
Fourth-order Schrödinger type operator with singular potentials
Creators: name: Gregorio, Federica
name: Mildner, Sebastian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 47D06, 35J10, 42B20, 47F05

description: In this paper we study the biharmonic operator perturbed by an inverse fourth-order potential. In particular, we consider the operator $A=Δ^2-V=Δ^2-c|x|^{-4}$ where $c$ is any constant such that $c
Law, religion and gender equality: literature on the Indian personal law system from a women’s rights perspective
Creators: name: Herklotz, Tanja
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: religion
subject: personal laws
subject: feminism
subject: women’s rights
subject: legal pluralism
subject: Indian Supreme Court
subject: triple talaq
subject: 340 Recht

description: This literature review seeks to portray the scholarship on the feminist critique and women’s activism vis-à-vis religion-based family law in India. The key question is: Which aspects of the Indian family law system are problematic from a women’s rights perspective and how can these aspects be addressed and reformed? The scholarship on this topic stems from three broad strands of literature: The first looks at family law and jurisprudence from a feminist perspective. It points to discriminatory aspects and suggests particular measures for reform. The second strand comprises studies of legal anthropologists on how women “on the ground” manoeuvre through the intricacies of state law, religious and cultural norms and claims for gender justice. It acknowledges that the Indian State practically shares its authority over law-making and adjudication with various other stakeholders. The third strand of literature is situated in the area of gender studies and deals with the Indian women’s movement’s activism vis-à-vis the personal laws.