cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Discovery of VHE emission from PKS 0447-439 with H.E.S.S. and MWL studies
Creators: name: Zech, A.
name: Behera, B.
name: Becherini, Y.
name: Boisson, C.
name: Giebels, B.
name: Hauser, M.
name: Kastendieck, M.
name: Kaufmann, S.
name: Kosack, K.
name: Lenain, J. -P.
name: de Naurois, M.
name: Punch, M.
name: Raue, M.
name: Sol, H.
name: Wagner, S.
name: collaboration, the H. E. S. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Very-high energy (VHE) emission has been detected from PKS 0447-439 with the H.E.S.S. Cherenkov telescope array. This blazar is one of the brightest hard-spectrum extragalactic objects in the Fermi bright source list. Its detection with H.E.S.S. triggered Target of Opportunity observations with the Swift and RXTE telescopes, which show rapid flaring in the X-ray band. The spectrum and light curve measured by H.E.S.S. are presented. Along with the Fermi LAT data it is possible to put an upper limit on the redshift of the source. Implications of the flux evolution are discussed briefly.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures, proceeding from the 25th Texas Symposium on Relativistic Astrophysics (Heidelberg, Germany, 2010)
Hydrogen atom transfer reactions and the effects of non-redox active metal cations
Creators: name: Van Santen, Jeffrey A.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2018

description: Hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) reactions are a fundamental step in many biological processes, but can initiate the free-radical induced oxidation of cellular components. Although HAT reactions appear fundamentally elementary, there are many poorly understood factors that influence HAT. In this thesis, three aspects of HAT reactivity are investigated using quantum chemical techniques. First, the importance of pre-reaction complex formation in considering the kinetics of HAT reactions were investigated. For a set of nearly-thermoneutral HAT reactions involving oxygen-centred radicals, the relationship between pre-reaction complex non-covalent binding energies and Arrhenius pre-exponential factors (A-factors) was investigated. It is demonstrated that for HAT reactions that take place through similar mechanisms, there is a strong correlation between pre-reaction complex binding energies and A-factors. This suggests that non-covalent interactions may directly affect the kinetics of certain HAT reactions. Next, the relationship between bond dissociation energies (BDEs) and reaction rates for abstraction of a hydrogen from a C-H bond by the CumO radical are investigated in the context of the Bell-Evans-Polanyi (BEP) principle. The applicability of the BEP principle is examined by exploring a hypothesis: If the BEP principle is a valid linear free-energy relationship, there should exist two linear relationships for BDE against the logarithm of HAT rate constant, one for incipient radicals that are allylic or benzylic, and one for alkyl radicals. It is demonstrated that there is a reasonably strong correlation for allylic/benzylic C-H bonds, but not for alkyl ones. The BEP principle should not be used for quantitative prediction, but remains useful as a conceptual framework. Finally, the effect of non-redox active metal cations on HAT reactions involving small models for proteins and oxygen-centred radicals is studied. Previous experimental evidence demonstrated that Lewis acid-base interactions between metal cations and substrates can inhibit HAT reactions, and that the cations may serve as a form of chemo-protection in biological systems. The results herein demonstrate that metal-substrate interactions can deactivate certain C-H bonds. Metal-radical interactions may promote HAT reactions. On the basis of these limited results, non-redox active metal cations might not act as natural chemo-protective agents.
Energy entanglement in neutron interferometry
Creators: name: Durstberger-Rennhofer, Katharina
name: Hasegawa, Yuji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Entanglement between degrees of freedom, namely between the spin, path and (total) energy degrees of freedom, for single neutrons is exploited. We implemented a triply entangled Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger(GHZ)-like state and coherently manipulated relative phases of two-level quantum subsystems. An inequality derived by Mermin was applied to analyze the generated GHZ-like state: we determined the four expectation values and finally obtained M=2.558 +/- 0.004 which is clearly above the threshold of 2. This demonstrates the violation of a Mermin-like inequality for triply entangled GHZ-like state in a single-particle system, which, in turn, exhibits a clear inconsistency between noncontextual assumptions and quantum mechanics and confirms quantum contextuality.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
On hadronic beam models for quasars and microquasars
Creators: name: Torres, Diego F.
name: Reimer, Anita
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Most of the hadronic jet models for quasars (QSOs) and microquasars (MQs) found in literature represent beams of particles (e.g. protons). These particles interact with the matter in the stellar wind of the companion star in the system or with crossing clouds, generating gamma-rays via proton-proton processes. Our aim is to derive the particle distribution in the jet as seen by the observer, so that proper computation of the $γ$-ray and neutrino yields can be done. We use relativistic invariants to obtain the transformed expressions in the case of a power-law and power-law with a cutoff particle distribution in the beam. We compare with previous expressions used earlier in the literature. We show that formerly used expressions for the particle distributions in the beam as seen by the observer are in error, differences being strongly dependent on the viewing angle. For example, for $Γ=10$ ($Γ$ is the Lorentz factor of the blob) and angles larger than $\sim 20^o$, the earlier-used calculation entails an over-prediction (order of magnitude or more) of the proton spectra for $E>Γmc^2$, whereas it always over-predicts (two orders of magnitude) the proton spectrum at lower energies, disregarding the viewing angle. All the results for photon and neutrino fluxes in hadronic models in beams that have made use of the earlier calculation are affected. Given that correct gamma-ray fluxes will be in almost any case significantly diminished in comparison with published results, and that the time of observations in Cherenkov facilities grows with the square of the flux-reduction factor in a statistically limited result, the possibility of observing hadronic beams is undermined.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A Letters
Quantum computation with devices whose contents are never read
Creators: name: Yakaryilmaz, Abuzer
name: Freivalds, Rusins
name: Say, A. C. Cem
name: Agadzanyan, Ruben
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: Formal Languages and Automata Theory (cs.FL)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In classical computation, a "write-only memory" (WOM) is little more than an oxymoron, and the addition of WOM to a (deterministic or probabilistic) classical computer brings no advantage. We prove that quantum computers that are augmented with WOM can solve problems that neither a classical computer with WOM nor a quantum computer without WOM can solve, when all other resource bounds are equal. We focus on realtime quantum finite automata, and examine the increase in their power effected by the addition of WOMs with different access modes and capacities. Some problems that are unsolvable by two-way probabilistic Turing machines using sublogarithmic amounts of read/write memory are shown to be solvable by these enhanced automata.
description: 32 pages, a preliminary version of this work was presented in the 9th International Conference on Unconventional Computation (UC2010)
AKT2 siRNA delivery with amphiphilic-based polymeric micelles show efficacy against cancer stem cells
Creators: name: Rafael, Diana
name: Gener, Petra
name: Andrade, Fernanda
name: Seras-Franzoso, Joaquin
name: Montero, Sara
name: Fernández, Yolanda
name: Hidalgo, Manuel
name: Arango, Diego
name: Sayós, Joan
name: Florindo, Helena F.
name: Abasolo, Ibane
name: Schwartz, Simó
name: Videira, Mafalda
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer

description: Development of RNA interference-based therapies with appropriate therapeutic window remains a challenge for advanced cancers. Because cancer stem cells (CSC) are responsible of sustaining the metastatic spread of the disease to distal organs and the progressive gain of resistance of advanced cancers, new anticancer therapies should be validated specifically for this subpopulation of cells. A new amphihilic-based gene delivery system that combines Pluronic® F127 micelles with polyplexes spontaneously formed by electrostatic interaction between anionic siRNA and cationic polyethylenimine (PEI) 10K, was designed (PM). Resultant PM gather the requirements for an efficient and safe transport of siRNA in terms of its physicochemical characteristics, internalization capacity, toxicity profile and silencing efficacy. PM were loaded with a siRNA against AKT2, an important oncogene involved in breast cancer tumorigenesis, with a special role in CSC malignancy. Efficacy of siAKT2-PM was validated in CSC isolated from two breast cancer cell lines: MCF-7 and Triple Negative MDA-MB-231 corresponding to an aggressive subtype of breast cancer. In both cases, we observed significant reduction on cell invasion capacity and strong inhibition of mammosphere formation after treatment. These results prompt AKT2 inhibition as a powerful therapeutic target against CSC and pave the way to the appearance of more effective nanomedicine-based gene therapies aimed to prevent CSC-related tumor recurrence.
Quantum mechanical effect of path-polarization contextuality for a single photon
Creators: name: Pan, Alok Kumar
name: Home, Dipankar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using measurements pertaining to a suitable Mach-Zehnder(MZ) type setup, a curious quantum mechanical effect of contextuality between the path and the polarization degrees of freedom of a polarized photon is demonstrated, without using any notion of realism or hidden variables - an effect that holds good for the product as well as the entangled states. This form of experimental context-dependence is manifested in a way such that at \emph{either} of the two exit channels of the MZ setup used, the empirically verifiable \emph{subensemble} statistical properties obtained by an arbitrary polarization measurement depend upon the choice of a commuting(comeasurable) path observable, while this effect disappears for the \emph{whole ensemble} of photons emerging from the two exit channels of the MZ setup.
description: To be published in IJTP
Regression of prostate tumors after intravenous administration of lactoferrin-bearing polypropylenimine dendriplexes encoding TNF-α, TRAIL, and interleukin-12
Creators: name: Altwaijry, Najla
name: Somani, Sukrut
name: Parkinson, John A.
name: Tate, Rothwelle J.
name: Keating, Patricia
name: Warzecha, Monika
name: Mackenzie, Graeme R.
name: Y. Leung, Hing
name: Dufès, Christine
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: The possibility of using gene therapy for the treatment of prostate cancer is limited by the lack of intravenously administered delivery systems able to safely and selectively deliver therapeutic genes to tumors. Given that lactoferrin (Lf) receptors are overexpressed on prostate cancer cells, we hypothesized that the conjugation of Lf to generation 3-diaminobutyric polypropylenimine dendrimer would improve its transfection and therapeutic efficacy in prostate cancer cells. In this study, we demonstrated that the intravenous administration of Lf-bearing DAB dendriplexes encoding TNFα resulted in the complete suppression of 70% of PC-3 and 50% of DU145 tumors over one month. Treatment with DAB-Lf dendriplex encoding TRAIL led to tumor suppression of 40% of PC-3 tumors and 20% of DU145 tumors. The treatment was well tolerated by the animals. Lf-bearing generation 3-polypropylenimine dendrimer is therefore a highly promising delivery system for non-viral gene therapy of prostate cancer.
Forschungs- und Entwicklungsplan ex post
Creators: name: Heinrich, Martin
name: Klewin, Gabriele
Publisher: name: WE_OS Jahrbuch
Year: 2020

description: Im vorliegenden „Forschungs- und Entwicklungsplan“ werden zum einen Aktivitäten der Wissenschaftlichen Einrichtung Oberstufen-Kolleg (WE_OS) berichtet, die im Pandemiejahr in von der Planung abweichender Form realisiert werden mussten, wie etwa die Gründung des Verbunds der Universitäts- und Versuchsschulen (VUVS). Es werden zum anderen aber auch solche Aktivitäten dokumentiert, die erst ad hoc angesichts der dynamischen Entwicklungen im Schulleben dieses Jahres notwendig wurden. Dies betrifft sowohl Anpassungen in der Arbeit der Forschungs- und Entwicklungsprojekte als auch die wissenschaftliche Begleitung des erzwungenen Distanzlernens und der damit verbundenen Schulentwicklungsarbeit. Da vor dem Hintergrund des evaluativen Anspruchs und des Auftrags der wissenschaftlichen Begleitung an einer Versuchsschule Schulentwicklungsprozesse und Forschungs- und Entwicklungsplanung eng miteinander verzahnt sind, resultierte u.a. daraus auch die hiermit vorliegende „Forschungs- und Entwicklungsplanung ex post“. In this “Research and Development Plan”, we report on the one hand on the activities of the Action Research Department of the Oberstufen-Kolleg, which had to be realized in this pandemic year in ways that deviated strongly from the original planning, for example the foundation of the “Verbund der Universitäts- und Versuchsschulen” [Network of University and Experimental Schools] (VUVS). On the other hand, it documents those activities, which became necessary ad hoc due to the dynamic developments in school life this year. This regards both adjustments in the work of the research and development projects and the scientific monitoring of the enforced distance learning and the school development activities involved. As school development processes and research and development planning are closely connected at an experimental school, due to the evaluative claim and the commission of the scientific monitoring, this results inter alia in this “Research and Development Plan ex post”.
description: WE_OS Jahrbuch, Vol. 3 (2020): Kooperation von Universitäten und Schulen – Gründungsschrift des Verbunds Universitäts- und Versuchsschulen (VUVS)
Strongly confined quantum wire states in strained T-shaped GaAs/InAlAs structures
Creators: name: Schuster, Robert
name: Hajak, H.
name: Reinwald, Matthias
name: Wegscheider, Werner
name: Schuh, Dieter
name: Bichler, Max
name: Abstreiter, Gerhard
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Confinement energy; Quantum wires; Cleaved edge overgrowth; Micro-photoluminescence; Strain
subject: 530 Physik
subject: 78.55.Cr; 78.67.Lt; 73.21.Hb

description: The confinement energy of T-shaped quantum wires (QWRs), which were fabricated by the cleaved edge overgrowth technique in a way that the QWRs form at the intersection of In0.2Al0.8As stressor layers and the overgrown (1 1 0) GaAs quantum well (QW), is examined using micro-photoluminescence spectroscopy. Photoluminescence (PL) signals from individual QWRs can be spatially resolved, since the strained films are separated by 1 μm wide Al0.3Ga0.7As layers. We find that due to the tensile strain being transmitted to the QW, the confinement energy of the QWRs rises systematically up to 40 meV with increasing thickness of the stressor layers. By reducing the excitation power to 0.1 μW the QWR PL emission occurs 48 meV redshifted with respect to the QW. All QWR peaks exhibit smooth lineshapes, indicating the absence of pronounced exciton localization.
Weak Equivalence Principle Test on a Sounding Rocket
Creators: name: Phillips, James D.
name: Patla, Bijunath R.
name: Popescu, Eugeniu M.
name: Rocco, Emanuele
name: Thapa, Rajesh
name: Reasenberg, Robert D.
name: Lorenzini, Enrico C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: SR-POEM, our principle of equivalence measurement on a sounding rocket, will compare the free fall rate of two substances yielding an uncertainty of E-16 in the estimate of η. During the past two years, the design concept has matured and we have been working on the required technology, including a laser gauge that is self aligning and able to reach 0.1 pm per root hertz for periods up to 40 s. We describe the status and plans for this project.
description: Presented at the Fifth Meeting on CPT and Lorentz Symmetry, Bloomington, Indiana, June 28-July 2, 2010
Architectural support for inter-thread synchronization in SIMT architectures
Creators: name: ElTantawy, Ahmed Mohammed
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2018

description: Single-Instruction Multiple-Threads (SIMT) architectures have seen widespread interest in accelerating data parallel applications. In the SIMT model, small groups of scalar threads operate in lockstep. Within each group, current SIMT implementations serialize the execution of threads that follow different paths, and to ensure efficiency, revert to lockstep execution as soon as possible. These thread scheduling constraints may cause a deadlock-free program on a multiple-instruction multiple-data architecture to deadlock on a SIMT machine. Further, fine-grained synchronization is often implemented using busy-wait loops. However, busy-wait synchronization incurs significant overheads and existing CPU solutions do not readily translate to SIMT architectures. In this thesis, we tackle these challenges. First, we propose a static analysis technique that detects SIMT deadlocks by inspecting the application control flow graph (CFG). We further propose a CFG transformation that avoids SIMT deadlocks when synchronization is local to a function. The static detection has a false detection rate of 4%-5%. The automated transformation has an average performance overhead of 8.2%-10.9% compared to manual transformation. We also propose an adaptive hardware reconvergence mechanism that supports MIMD synchronization without changing the application CFG. Our hardware approach performs on par with the compiler transformation but avoids key limitations in the compiler only solution. We show that this hardware can be further extended to support concurrent multi-path execution to improve the performance of divergent applications. Finally, We propose a hardware warp scheduling policy informed by a novel hardware mechanism for accurately detecting busy-wait synchronization on GPUs. When employed, it deprioritizes spinning warps achieving a speedup of 42.7% over Greedy Then Oldest scheduling.
Influencing ionic conductivity and mechanical properties of ionic liquid polymer electrolytes by designing the chemical monomer structure
Creators: name: Ehrlich, Lisa
name: Pospiech, Doris
name: Uhlmann, Petra
name: Tzschöckell, Felix
name: Hager, Martin D.
name: Voit, Brigitte
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology

description: Polymeric single chloride-ion conductor networks based on acrylic imidazolium chloride ionic liquid monomers AACXImCYCl as reported previously are prepared. The chemical structure of the polymers is varied with respect to the acrylic substituents (alkyl spacer and alkyl substituent in the imidazolium ring). The networks are examined in detail with respect to the influence of the chemical structure on the resulting properties including thermal behavior, rheological behavior, swelling behavior, and ionic conductivity. The ionic conductivities increase (by two orders of magnitude from 10−6 to 10−4 S·cm−1 with increasing temperature), while the complex viscosities of the polymer networks decrease simultaneously. After swelling in water for 1 week the ionic conductivity reaches values of 10−2 S·cm−1. A clear influence of the spacer and the crosslinker content on the glass transition temperature was shown for the first time in these investigations. With increasing crosslinker content, the Tg values and the viscosities of the networks increase. With increasing spacer length, the Tg values decrease, but the viscosities increase with increasing temperature. The results reveal that the materials represent promising electrolytes for batteries, as proven by successful charging/discharging of a p(TEMPO-MA)/zinc battery over 350 cycles.
AKT2 siRNA delivery with amphiphilic-based polymeric micelles show efficacy against cancer stem cells
Creators: name: Rafael, Diana
name: Gener, Petra
name: Andrade, Fernanda
name: Seras-Franzoso, Joaquin
name: Montero, Sara
name: Fernández, Yolanda
name: Hidalgo, Manuel
name: Arango, Diego
name: Sayós, Joan
name: Florindo, Helena F.
name: Abasolo, Ibane
name: Schwartz Jr, Simó
name: Videira, Mafalda
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer

description: Development of RNA interference-based therapies with appropriate therapeutic window remains a challenge for advanced cancers. Because cancer stem cells (CSC) are responsible of sustaining the metastatic spread of the disease to distal organs and the progressive gain of resistance of advanced cancers, new anticancer therapies should be validated specifically for this subpopulation of cells. A new amphihilic-based gene delivery system that combines Pluronic® F127 micelles with polyplexes spontaneously formed by electrostatic interaction between anionic siRNA and cationic polyethylenimine (PEI) 10K, was designed (PM). Resultant PM gather the requirements for an efficient and safe transport of siRNA in terms of its physicochemical characteristics, internalization capacity, toxicity profile and silencing efficacy. PM were loaded with a siRNA against AKT2, an important oncogene involved in breast cancer tumorigenesis, with a special role in CSC malignancy. Efficacy of siAKT2-PM was validated in CSC isolated from two breast cancer cell lines: MCF-7 and Triple Negative MDA-MB-231 corresponding to an aggressive subtype of breast cancer. In both cases, we observed significant reduction on cell invasion capacity and strong inhibition of mammosphere formation after treatment. These results prompt AKT2 inhibition as a powerful therapeutic target against CSC and pave the way to the appearance of more effective nanomedicine-based gene therapies aimed to prevent CSC-related tumor recurrence.
Experimental Separation of Rashba and Dresselhaus Spin Splittings in Semiconductor Quantum Wells
Creators: name: Ganichev, Sergey
name: Belkov, Vassilij
name: Golub, Leonid E.
name: Ivchenko, Eugenious
name: Schneider, Petra
name: Gilberger, S.
name: Eroms, Jonathan
name: Boeck, J. De
name: Borghs, G.
name: Wegscheider, Werner
name: Weiss, Dieter
name: Prettl, Wilhelm
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik
subject: 72.25.Fe, 73.21.Fg, 73.63.Hs, 78.67.De

description: The relative strengths of Rashba and Dresselhaus terms describing the spin-orbit coupling in semiconductor quantum well (QW) structures are extracted from photocurrent measurements on n-type InAs QWs containing a two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG). This novel technique makes use of the angular distribution of the spin-galvanic effect at certain directions of spin orientation in the plane of a QW. The ratio of the relevant Rashba and Dresselhaus coefficients can be deduced directly from experiment and does not relay on theoretically obtained quantities. Thus our experiments open a new way to determine the different contributions to spin-orbit coupling.
The effect of inorganic salt on the morphology and nucleation of polyaniline nanofibers synthesized via self-assembly
Creators: name: Wang, Ruijuan
name: Jing, Yiqi
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Polyaniline (PANI), due to the various and controllable shapes, the environmental stability, the excellent physical and chemical property, has gained significant attention. PANI with abundant morphologies were successfully prepared through adjusting and controlling the state of the initial micelle-like in the micelle-like system composed by aniline and organic acids with relatively weak intermolecular interaction. Although the influence of the inorganic salts on their morphology, including the surface and the diameter, was investigated, the influence of salt on the nucleation of PANI was still unclear. Therefore, PANI nanofibers were fabricated through the addition of inorganic salt such as NaCl, MgSO4 and AlCl3 into the micelle-like composed of aniline and D-camphor-10-sulfonic acid. The influence of types and concentration of inorganic salts, doped acids and temperature on PANI was studied by Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM), UV-vis and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) spectroscopy. In addition, in situ UV-vis and 1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance technology (NMR) were applied to observe the process of aniline polymerization, and it was indicated the polymerization rate of aniline changed after the addition of inorganic salt NaCl into the initial solution.
A path integral for heavy-quarks in a hot plasma
Creators: name: Beraudo, A.
name: Blaizot, J. P.
name: Faccioli, P.
name: Garberoglio, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a model for the propagation of a heavy-quark in a hot plasma, to be viewed as a first step towards a full description of the dynamics of heavy quark systems in a quark-gluon plasma, including bound state formation. The heavy quark is treated as a non relativistic particle interacting with a fluctuating field, whose correlator is determined by a hard thermal loop approximation. This approximation, which concerns only the medium in which the heavy quark propagates, is the only one that is made, and it can be improved. The dynamics of the heavy quark is given exactly by a quantum mechanical path integral that is calculated in this paper in the Euclidean space-time using numerical Monte Carlo techniques. The spectral function of the heavy quark in the medium is then reconstructed using a Maximum Entropy Method. The path integral is also evaluated exactly in the case where the mass of the heavy quark is infinite; one then recovers known results concerning the complex optical potential that controls the long time behavior of the heavy quark. The heavy quark correlator and its spectral function is also calculated semi-analytically at the one-loop order, which allows for a detailed description of the coupling between the heavy quark and the plasma collective modes.
Biologically active sulfur-containing polyamides as promising anticancer materials
Creators: name: Ashour, Gadeer R.
name: Alqarni, Sara A.
name: Al-Ghamdi, Youssef O.
name: El-Fattah, W. Abd
name: Alosaimi, Abeer M.
name: Hussein, Mahmoud A.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Thiazol-based molecules have practically infinite biological implementation. Today, there are many medical applications for compounds containing the thiazole moiety owing to their presence in most clinically applied anticancer drugs, such as dasatinib, dabrafenib, ixabepilone, patellamide A and epothilone. In this study, the polycondensation, of a new group of thiazole-containing polyamides with the formulas PA1–4 was carried out by the interaction of 2-aminothiazole diphenyl sulfide and variable diacid chlorides in dimethyl formamide in the presence of potassium carbonate anhydrous as a catalyst. Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was initially used to figure out the PA1–4 structures, which were further characterized using solubility, gel permeation chromatography (GPC), X-ray diffraction analyses (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The solubility results revealed that the presence of heteroaromatic thiazole ring units and sulfur content in the polyamides main chain, made the solubility easier as it increases the chain packing distance. From the values of average molecular weight, it was clear that all synthesized polyamides have almost the same chain length which ranged from 37,561.80 to 39,827.66. Moreover, the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) confirm that PA1–4 were thermally stable even at high temperatures especially the polyamides which were synthesized from aromatic diacid chlorides. Furthermore, the newly synthesized polyamides were investigated for their antimicrobial properties against different species of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and also against different fungi. The results revealed that compound PA2 showed the highest antibacterial activity. Also, their inhibitory activity against breast carcinoma cells (MCF-7 cell line) and colon carcinoma cells (HCT cell line) was evaluated. It was clear that there was an enhancement in the anticancer activity for the synthesized polyamides owing to the presence of the thiazole moiety as well as sulfur linkage. According to the results of the 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50), the synthesized polymers were found to be more active against the MCF-7 cell line than the HCT cell line.
NSE abundance data
Creators: name: Odrzywolek, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Novel method of calculating Nuclear Statistical Equilibrium is presented. Basic equations are carefully solved using arbitrary precision arithmetic. Special interpolation procedure is then used to retrieve all abundances using tabulated results for neutrons and protons, together with basic nuclear data. Proton and neutron abundance tables, basic nuclear data and partition functions for nuclides used in calculations are provided. Simple interpolation algorithm using pre-calculated p and n abundances tabulated as a functions of kT, rho and Ye is outlined. Unique properties of this method are: (1) ability to pick-up out of NSE selected nuclei only (2) computational time scaling linearly with number of re-calculated abundances (3) relatively small amount of stored data: only two large tables (4) slightly faster than solving NSE equations using traditional Newton-Raphson methods for small networks (few tens of species); superior for huge (800-3000) networks (5) do not require initial guess; works well on random input (6) can tailored to specific application (7) ability to use third-party NSE solvers to obtain fully compatible tables (8) encapsulation of the NSE code for bug-free calculations. Range of applications for this approach is possible: coverage test of traditional NSE Newton-Raphson codes, generating starting values, code-to-code verification and possible replacement of the old legacy procedures in supernova simulations.
description: 19 pages, 6 figures; tables reduced to save space
Ethylene polymerization using N-Heterocyclic carbene complexes of silver and aluminum
Creators: name: Kimura, Nanako
name: Takeuchi, Daisuke
name: Ogura, Sayoko
name: Takazawa, Ayaka
name: Kakiage, Masaki
name: Yamanobe, Takeshi
name: Uehara, Hiroki
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Various transition metal catalysts have been utilized for ethylene polymerization. Silver catalysts have attracted less attention as the catalysts, but are potential for production of high molecular weight polyethylene. Herein, we report that silver complexes with various N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligands in combination with modified methylaluminoxane (MMAO) afford polyethylene with high molecular weight (melting point over 140°C). SEM observation showed that the produced polyethylene has ultra-high molecular weight. NMR investigation of the reaction between the silver complexes with organoaluminums indicate that the NHC ligands transfer from the silver complex to aluminum to produce NHC aluminum complexes. Ph3C[B(C6F5)4] abstract methyl group from the NHC aluminum complex to afford cationic aluminum complex. The NHC aluminum complex promoted ethylene polymerization in the presence of Ph3C[B(C6F5)4] and organoaluminums. NHC ligand also promoted ethylene polymerization in combination with MMAO to produce polyethylene with high melting point (140.7°C). Thus, the aluminum complexes are considered to be the actual active species in silver-catalyzed ethylene polymerization.
Photoluminescence of one-dimensional electron gases in cleaved-edge overgrowth quantum wires
Creators: name: Kristukat, C.
name: Gronni, A. R.
name: Bichler, Max
name: Wegscheider, Werner
name: Abstreiter, Gerhard
name: Thomsen, C.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik
subject: 73.21.Hb; 78.55.Cr; 78.67.Lt

description: We carried out micro-photoluminescence studies of doped multiple quantum wire structures grown by the cleaved-edge overgrowth technique in the GaAs/AlGaAs material system. The wires are defined in a quantum well whose potential is modulated by adjacent alternating negatively and positively charged layers. We observed strong band gap renormalization effects in the quantum wires indicating that they are densely populated. The measured recombination energies are in good agreement with a simple quantum mechanical calculation. Nevertheless, the design of the sample appears to be not suitable for light scattering studies of the one dimensional (1D) electron gas, for the 1D confinement strongly depends on photoexcitation.
Coulomb Drag as a Probe of the Nature of Compressible States in a Magnetic Field
Creators: name: Muraki, K.
name: Lok, J. G. S.
name: Kraus, Stefan
name: Dietsche, W.
name: Klitzing, Klaus von
name: Schuh, Dieter
name: Bichler, Max
name: Wegscheider, Werner
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik
subject: 73.43.–f, 73.21.–b, 73.50.–h

description: Magnetodrag reveals the nature of compressible states and the underlying interplay of disorder and interactions. At ν=3/2 clear T4/3 dependence is observed, which signifies the metallic nature of the N=0 Landau level. In contrast, drag in higher Landau levels reveals an additional contribution, which anomalously grows with decreasing T before turning to zero following a thermal activation law. The anomalous drag is discussed in terms of electron-hole asymmetry arising from disorder and localization, and the crossover to normal drag at high fields as due to screening of disorder.
Effect of ferromagnetic film thickness on magnetoresistance of thin-film superconductor-ferromagnet hybrids
Creators: name: Aladyshkin, A. Yu.
name: Volodin, A. P.
name: Moshchalkov, V. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the influence of the thickness Df of the plain ferromagnetic (F) film on the electrical resistance of the flux-coupled hybrids, consisting of superconducting (S) Al film and multilayer [Co/Pt] F film with out-of-plain magnetization. The behavior of such hybrids at high and low temperatures is found to be different: the nucleation of superconductivity at high temperatures is governed mainly by the typical lateral dimensions of the magnetic domains, while low temperature properties are determined by topology of the magnetic template. We show that an increase in the Df value leads to a broadening of the field- and temperature intervals where non-monotonous dependence of the superconducting critical temperature Tc on the applied magnetic field H is observed (for demagnetized F films). Further increase in the Df value results in a global suppression of superconductivity. Thus, we determined an optimal thickness, when the non-monotonous dependence Tc(H) can be observed in rather broad T and H range, what can be interesting for further studies of the localized superconductivity in planar Al-based S/F hybrids and for development of the devices which can exploit the localized superconductivity.
description: 10 pages, 9 figures
D6.2: Report on monitoring the project developments
Creators: name: Sanz-Casado, Elias
name: Bojam-Haidar, Ali
name: Alonso-Álvarez, Patricia
name: Rovira-Pato, Lluis
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: PhD programmes
Entrepreneurial skills
Social network tools and procedures
Projects monitoring

description: Deliverable D6.2, ‘Report on monitoring the project developments’, aims to monitor the
 mid-term progress of the prodPhD project. This deliverable monitors the Key
 Performance Indicators (KPIs) of the actions in each work package of the project and
 provides an overall assessment of the results of each pilot action. KPI monitoring was
 based on the descriptive and evaluative operationalization of the KPIs in D6.1. However,
 the KPIs were initially not assigned specifically to individual work packages; the
 monitoring was therefore divided into two dimensions. First, the individual work
 packages were monitored in terms of ‘overall assessment’, where the partners reported
 the objectives of the work package, partners involved, discrepancies between intended
 and actual impact, modifications of plan, and progress plan. Second, the KPIs
 corresponding to each work package were monitored by the leader of each work package
 in line with their operationalization in D6.1.
 This mid-term monitoring of the progress of the prodPhD project shows that the
 implemented activities thus far meet their corresponding KPIs. In addition, this
 deliverable also provides an overall assessment of each Work Package (WP). Both the KPI
 monitoring and the overall assessment of each WP show the activities completed thus
 far meet their targets and, hence, the prodPhD project is on track to deliver optimal
 outcomes to meet its aims.
Gradual facet degradation of (Al,In)GaN quantum well lasers
Creators: name: Kümmler, V.
name: Lell, Alfred
name: Härle, Volker
name: Schwarz, Ulrich
name: Schoedl, T.
name: Wegscheider, Werner
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: aluminium compounds, indium compounds, gallium compounds, III-V semiconductors, wide band gap semiconductors, semiconductor lasers, semiconductor quantum wells, absorption
subject: 530 Physik
subject: 42.55.Px; 73.63.Hs

description: In our study, III-nitride laser diodes with uncoated facets obtained by cleavage show a much faster degradation than coated ones. An increase in threshold current and drop of slope efficiency suggest increased absorption losses. Degradation experiments in different atmospheres prove the influence of the respective atmosphere and indicate the growth of an oxide film leading to increased absorption. Because the observed degradation is insensitive to the photon density we suggest nonradiative centers, which are saturated at low photon densities, to be at the origin of degradation. No evidence for photon enhanced degradation of coated laser diodes was found. A dielectric coating efficiently protects the facets.
Hydrolysis of hydrophobic poly(2-oxazoline)s and their subsequent modification via aza-Michael addition
Creators: name: Drain, Ben A.
name: Becer, Remzi C.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Partially hydrolysed poly(2-oxazoline)s possess unique properties. However, much of the focus in this area has been on water soluble poly(2-oxazoline)s. Where hydrophobic poly(2-oxazoline)s have been used, this is often for selective hydrolysis. However, hydrolysis of very hydrophobic polymers could lead to interesting solution behaviour. Herein, we describe universal conditions for the hydrolysis of poly(2-alkyl-2-oxazoline)s suitable for both hydrophobic and hydrophilic 2-oxazolines. We show that the system utilised gives comparable rates to that of water alone for poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline). In addition, poly(2-fatty acid-2-oxazoline) was hydrolysed using the developed system and was found to proceed in a controlled manner allowing the targeting of specific degrees of hydrolysis, albeit much slower than for poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline). Finally, we demonstrate the partial functionalisation of poly(2-oxazoline)-poly(ethylene imine) co-polymers via aza-Michael addition.
Incomplete carbon-oxygen detonation in Type Ia supernovae
Creators: name: Domínguez, Inma
name: Khokhlov, Alexei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Incomplete carbon-oxygen detonation with reactions terminating after burning of 12C in the leading 12C + 12C reaction (C-detonation) may occur in the low density outer layers of white dwarfs exploding as Type Ia supernovae (SNIa). Previous studies of carbon-oxygen detonation structure and stability at low densities were performed under the assumption that the "velocity" of a detonation wave derives from complete burning of carbon and oxygen to iron. In fact, at densities <10^6 g/cm3 the detonation in SNIa may release less than a half of the available nuclear energy. In this paper we study basic properties of such detonations. We find that the length of an unsupported steady-state C-detonation is 30-100 times greater than previously estimated, and that the decreased energy has a drastic effect on the detonation stability. In contrast to complete detonations which are one-dimensionally stable, C-detonations may be one-dimensionally unstable and propagate by periodically re-igniting themselves via spontaneous burning. The re-ignition period at rho < 10^6 g/cm3 is estimated to be greater than the time-scale of a SNIa explosion. This suggests that propagation and quenching of C-detonations at these densities could be affected by the instability. Potential observational implications of this effect are discussed.
description: 36 pages, 29 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Magnetic-Field-Dependent Transmission Phase of a Double-Dot System in a Quantum Ring
Creators: name: Sigrist, Martin
name: Fuhrer, A.
name: Ihn, Thomas
name: Ensslin, Klaus
name: Ulloa, S. E.
name: Wegscheider, Werner
name: Bichler, Max
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: aluminium compounds, gallium arsenide, III-V semiconductors, two-dimensional hole gas, semiconductor quantum wells, absorption coefficients, spin-spin relaxation, spin polarised transport
subject: 530 Physik
subject: 73.21.La, 73.23.Hk

description: The Aharonov-Bohm effect is measured in a four-terminal open ring geometry. Two quantum dots are embedded in the structure, one in each of the two interfering paths. The number of electrons in the two dots can be controlled independently. The transmission phase is measured as electrons are added to or taken away from the individual quantum dots. Although the measured phase shifts are in qualitative agreement with theoretical predictions, the phase evolution exhibits unexpected dependence on the magnetic field. Phase lapses are found only in certain ranges of the magnetic field.
Diffusion of Mn interstitials in (Ga,Mn)As epitaxial layers
Creators: name: Horák, L.
name: Matějová, J.
name: Martí, X.
name: Holý, V.
name: Novák, V.
name: Šobáň, Z.
name: Mangold, S.
name: Jiménez-Villacorta, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic properties of thin (Ga,Mn)As layers improve during annealing by out-diffusion of interstitial Mn ions to a free surface. Out-diffused Mn atoms participate in the growth of a Mn-rich surface layer and a saturation of this layer causes an inhibition of the out-diffusion. We combine high-resolution x-ray diffraction with x-ray absorption spectroscopy and a numerical solution of the diffusion problem for the study of the out-diffusion of Mn interstitials during a sequence of annealing steps. Our data demonstrate that the out-diffusion of the interstitials is substantially affected by the internal electric field caused by an inhomogeneous distribution of charges in the (Ga,Mn)As layer.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures