cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Standing Pool of Genomic Structural Variation in a Natural Population of Mimulus guttatus
Creators: name: Flagel, Lex E.
name: Willis, John H.
name: Vision, Todd J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Major unresolved questions in evolutionary genetics include determining the contributions of different mutational sources to the total pool of genetic variation in a species, and understanding how these different forms of genetic variation interact with natural selection. Recent work has shown that structural variants (SVs) (insertions, deletions, inversions, and transpositions) are a major source of genetic variation, often outnumbering single nucleotide variants in terms of total bases affected. Despite the near ubiquity of SVs, major questions about their interaction with natural selection remain. For example, how does the allele frequency spectrum of SVs differ when compared with single nucleotide variants? How often do SVs affect genes, and what are the consequences? To begin to address these questions, we have systematically identified and characterized a large set of submicroscopic insertion and deletion (indel) variants (between 1 and 200 kb in length) among ten inbred lines from a single natural population of the plant species Mimulus guttatus. After extensive computational filtering, we focused on a set of 4,142 high-confidence indels that showed an experimental validation rate of 73%. All but one of these indels were less than 200 kb. Although the largest were generally at lower frequencies in the population, a surprising number of large indels are at intermediate frequencies. Although indels overlapping with genes were much rarer than expected by chance, approximately 600 genes were affected by an indel. Nucleotide-binding site leucine-rich repeat (NBS–LRR) defense response genes were the most enriched among the gene families affected. Most indels associated with genes were rare and appeared to be under purifying selection, though we do find four high-frequency derived insertion alleles that show signatures of recent positive selection.
Epistemic Prediction and Planning with Implicit Coordination for Multi-Robot Teams in Communication Restricted Environments
Creators: name: Bramblett, Lauren
name: Gao, Shijie
name: Bezzo, Nicola
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In communication restricted environments, a multi-robot system can be deployed to either: i) maintain constant communication but potentially sacrifice operational efficiency due to proximity constraints or ii) allow disconnections to increase environmental coverage efficiency, challenges on how, when, and where to reconnect (rendezvous problem). In this work we tackle the latter problem and notice that most state-of-the-art methods assume that robots will be able to execute a predetermined plan; however system failures and changes in environmental conditions can cause the robots to deviate from the plan with cascading effects across the multi-robot system. This paper proposes a coordinated epistemic prediction and planning framework to achieve consensus without communicating for exploration and coverage, task discovery and completion, and rendezvous applications. Dynamic epistemic logic is the principal component implemented to allow robots to propagate belief states and empathize with other agents. Propagation of belief states and subsequent coverage of the environment is achieved via a frontier-based method within an artificial physics-based framework. The proposed framework is validated with both simulations and experiments with unmanned ground vehicles in various cluttered environments.
Novel Constructions of Mutually Unbiased Tripartite Absolutely Maximally Entangled Bases
Creators: name: Xie, Tian
name: Zang, Yajuan
name: Zuo, Hui-Juan
name: Fei, Shao-Ming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a new technique to construct mutually unbiased tripartite absolutely maximally entangled bases. We first explore the tripartite absolutely maximally entangled bases and mutually unbiased bases in $\mathbb{C}^{d} \otimes \mathbb{C}^{d} \otimes \mathbb{C}^{d}$ based on mutually orthogonal Latin squares. Then we generalize the approach to the case of $\mathbb{C}^{d_{1}} \otimes \mathbb{C}^{d_{2}} \otimes \mathbb{C}^{d_{1}d_{2}}$ by mutually weak orthogonal Latin squares. The concise direct constructions of mutually unbiased tripartite absolutely maximally entangled bases are remarkably presented with generality. Detailed examples in $\mathbb{C}^{3} \otimes \mathbb{C}^{3} \otimes \mathbb{C}^{3},$ $\mathbb{C}^{2} \otimes \mathbb{C}^{2} \otimes \mathbb{C}^{4}$ and $\mathbb{C}^{2} \otimes \mathbb{C}^{5} \otimes \mathbb{C}^{10}$ are provided to illustrate the advantages of our approach.
СУДЕБНАЯ ПРАКТИКА ПО ВОПРОСАМ ИЖДИВЕНИЯ В НАСЛЕДСТВЕННОМ ПРАВЕ
Creators: name: Алеева С.С.
Publisher: name: Право и управление
Year: 2022
Subjects: наследственное право
иждивенец
иждивение.

description: В силу отсутствия закрепления понятия «иждивение», может возникать противоречивая практика судов, касающаяся иждивения в наследственном праве. В целях противодействия данному явлению Верховный Суд РФ систематически издаёт обзоры практики, а также указывает в своих Постановлениях Пленума на надлежащее толкование норм законодательства согласно букве и духу закона, но это не всегда помогает в разрешении сложных вопросов.
Efficiency fluctuations in quantum thermoelectric devices
Creators: name: Esposito, Massimiliano
name: Ochoa, Maicol A.
name: Galperin, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a method, based on characterizing efficiency fluctuations, to asses the performance of nanoscale thermoelectric junctions. This method accounts for effects typically arising in small junctions, namely, stochasticity in the junction's performance, quantum effects, and nonequilibrium features preventing a linear response analysis. It is based on a nonequilibrium Green's function (NEGF) approach, which we use to derive the full counting statistics (FCS) for heat and work, and which in turn allows us to calculate the statistical properties of efficiency fluctuations. We simulate the latter for a variety of simple models where our method is exact. By analyzing the discrepancies with the semi-classical prediction of a quantum master equation (QME) approach, we emphasize the quantum nature of efficiency fluctuations for realistic junction parameters. We finally propose an approximate Gaussian method to express efficiency fluctuations in terms of nonequilibrium currents and noises which are experimentally measurable in molecular junctions.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures, v2: version accepted in PRB
Hierarchical fuzzy neural networks with privacy preservation for heterogeneous big data
Creators: name: Zhang, Leijie
name: Shi, Ye
name: Chang, Yu-Cheng
name: Lin, Chin-Teng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Heterogeneous big data poses many challenges in machine learning. Its enormous scale, high dimensionality, and inherent uncertainty make almost every aspect of machine learning difficult, from providing enough processing power to maintaining model accuracy to protecting privacy. However, perhaps the most imposing problem is that big data is often interspersed with sensitive personal data. Hence, we propose a privacy-preserving hierarchical fuzzy neural network (PP-HFNN) to address these technical challenges while also alleviating privacy concerns. The network is trained with a two-stage optimization algorithm, and the parameters at low levels of the hierarchy are learned with a scheme based on the well-known alternating direction method of multipliers, which does not reveal local data to other agents. Coordination at high levels of the hierarchy is handled by the alternating optimization method, which converges very quickly. The entire training procedure is scalable, fast and does not suffer from gradient vanishing problems like the methods based on back-propagation. Comprehensive simulations conducted on both regression and classification tasks demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed model.
The public health utility of genome-wide association study results for smoking behavior
Creators: name: Furberg, Helena
name: Lerman, Caryn
name: Ostroff, Jamie
name: Sullivan, Patrick F
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: New approaches to improve smoking cessation rates are needed. In recent years, substantial progress has been made in understanding the genetics of smoking behavior, and this knowledge may eventually be used to personalize treatment for smokers. Although there are highly significant and reproducible genetic associations, none are yet ready for clinical applications. We suggest that translational research from several disciplines, including behavioral science, ethics and economics, should be performed in parallel with ongoing genome-wide association studies for smoking behavior and pharmacogenetic trials. The coordinated effort of multidisciplinary research teams will help reveal the circumstances under which we can translate genetic insights into clinical practice in the hope of reducing the burden of smoking in society.
An integrated transcriptome and expressed variant analysis of sepsis survival and death
Creators: name: Corey, G Ralph
name: Dinwiddie, Darrell L
name: Carin, Lawrence
name: McClain, Micah T
name: Otero, Ronny M
name: Kingsmore, Stephen F
name: Glickman, Seth W
name: Ginsburg, Geoffrey S
name: Valente, Ashlee M
name: Rivers, Emanuel P
name: van Velkinburgh, Jennifer C
name: Rice, Brandon J
name: Yuan, Xin
name: Smith, Laurie D
name: Tsalik, Ephraim L
name: Cairns, Charles B
name: Yoo, Byunggil
name: Miller, Neil A
name: Henao, Ricardo
name: Fowler, Vance G
name: Langley, Raymond J
name: Thiffault, Isabella
name: Woods, Christopher W
name: Jaehne, Anja K
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: BackgroundSepsis, a leading cause of morbidity and mortality, is not a homogeneous disease but rather a syndrome encompassing many heterogeneous pathophysiologies. Patient factors including genetics predispose to poor outcomes, though current clinical characterizations fail to identify those at greatest risk of progression and mortality.MethodsThe Community Acquired Pneumonia and Sepsis Outcome Diagnostic study enrolled 1,152 subjects with suspected sepsis. We sequenced peripheral blood RNA of 129 representative subjects with systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) or sepsis (SIRS due to infection), including 78 sepsis survivors and 28 sepsis non-survivors who had previously undergone plasma proteomic and metabolomic profiling. Gene expression differences were identified between sepsis survivors, sepsis non-survivors, and SIRS followed by gene enrichment pathway analysis. Expressed sequence variants were identified followed by testing for association with sepsis outcomes.ResultsThe expression of 338 genes differed between subjects with SIRS and those with sepsis, primarily reflecting immune activation in sepsis. Expression of 1,238 genes differed with sepsis outcome: non-survivors had lower expression of many immune function-related genes. Functional genetic variants associated with sepsis mortality were sought based on a common disease-rare variant hypothesis. VPS9D1, whose expression was increased in sepsis survivors, had a higher burden of missense variants in sepsis survivors. The presence of variants was associated with altered expression of 3,799 genes, primarily reflecting Golgi and endosome biology.ConclusionsThe activation of immune response-related genes seen in sepsis survivors was muted in sepsis non-survivors. The association of sepsis survival with a robust immune response and the presence of missense variants in VPS9D1 warrants replication and further functional studies.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT00258869. Registered on 23 November 2005.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13073-014-0111-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
ТЕНДЕНЦИИ И ЗАКОНОМЕРНОСТИ КОРЫСТНОЙ ПРЕСТУПНОСТИ
Creators: name: Юзиханова Э.Г.
name: Смелова С.В.
Publisher: name: Право и управление
Year: 2022
Subjects: корыстная преступность
кражи
мошенничество
динамика
анализ.

description: В статье рассматривается криминологическая характеристика корыстной преступности на примере наиболее распространенных видов. Анализируется социально-правовая природа и основные свойства корыстных преступлений, выраженные статистической устойчивостью.
Genetic and Haplotype Diversity Among Wild-Derived Mouse Inbred Strains
Creators: name: Ideraabdullah, F. Y.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2004

description: With the completion of the mouse genome sequence, it is possible to define the amount, type, and organization of the genetic variation in this species. Recent reports have provided an overview of the structure of genetic variation among classical laboratory mice. On the other hand, little is known about the structure of genetic variation among wild-derived strains with the exception of the presence of higher levels of diversity. We have estimated the sequence diversity due to substitutions and insertions/deletions among 20 inbred strains of Mus musculus, chosen to enable interpretation of the molecular variation within a clear evolutionary framework. Here, we show that the level of sequence diversity present among these strains is one to two orders of magnitude higher than the level of sequence diversity observed in the human population, and only a minor fraction of the sequence differences observed is found among classical laboratory strains. Our analyses also demonstrate that deletions are significantly more frequent than insertions. We estimate that 50% of the total variation identified in M. musculus may be recovered in intrasubspecific crosses. Alleles at variants positions can be classified into 164 strain distribution patterns, a number exceeding those reported and predicted in panels of classical inbred strains. The number of strains, the analysis of multiple loci scattered across the genome, and the mosaic nature of the genome in hybrid and classical strains contribute to the observed diversity of strain distribution patterns. However, phylogenetic analyses demonstrate that ancient polymorphisms that segregate across species and subspecies play a major role in the generation of strain distribution patterns.
ТЕХНИКА РЕГЛАМЕНТАЦИИ ПРЕСТУПЛЕНИЙ ПРОТИВ РАСХОДОВАНИЯ СРЕДСТВ БЮДЖЕТОВ СКВОЗЬ ПРИЗМУ ЗАРУБЕЖНОГО ОПЫТА
Creators: name: Карагина Д.О.
Publisher: name: Право и управление
Year: 2022
Subjects: : уголовное право
преступления против государственной власти
нецелевое расходование бюджетных средств
зарубежный опыт.

description: В статье исследуются вопросы техники регламентации уголовной ответственности в финансово-бюджетной сфере, в частности нецелевого расходования бюджетных средств, в государствах – членах СНГ. Автор анализирует модели уголовно-правовой охраны бюджетных правоотношений с позиций техники конструирования составов преступлений и санкций за их совершение, их положительные и отрицательные черты
How to DP-fy ML: A Practical Guide to Machine Learning with Differential Privacy
Creators: name: Ponomareva, Natalia
name: Hazimeh, Hussein
name: Kurakin, Alex
name: Xu, Zheng
name: Denison, Carson
name: McMahan, H. Brendan
name: Vassilvitskii, Sergei
name: Chien, Steve
name: Thakurta, Abhradeep
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: ML models are ubiquitous in real world applications and are a constant focus of research. At the same time, the community has started to realize the importance of protecting the privacy of ML training data. Differential Privacy (DP) has become a gold standard for making formal statements about data anonymization. However, while some adoption of DP has happened in industry, attempts to apply DP to real world complex ML models are still few and far between. The adoption of DP is hindered by limited practical guidance of what DP protection entails, what privacy guarantees to aim for, and the difficulty of achieving good privacy-utility-computation trade-offs for ML models. Tricks for tuning and maximizing performance are scattered among papers or stored in the heads of practitioners. Furthermore, the literature seems to present conflicting evidence on how and whether to apply architectural adjustments and which components are "safe" to use with DP. This work is a self-contained guide that gives an in-depth overview of the field of DP ML and presents information about achieving the best possible DP ML model with rigorous privacy guarantees. Our target audience is both researchers and practitioners. Researchers interested in DP for ML will benefit from a clear overview of current advances and areas for improvement. We include theory-focused sections that highlight important topics such as privacy accounting and its assumptions, and convergence. For a practitioner, we provide a background in DP theory and a clear step-by-step guide for choosing an appropriate privacy definition and approach, implementing DP training, potentially updating the model architecture, and tuning hyperparameters. For both researchers and practitioners, consistently and fully reporting privacy guarantees is critical, and so we propose a set of specific best practices for stating guarantees.
Domain walls in superconductors: Andreev bound states and tunneling features
Creators: name: Mukherjee, S. P.
name: Samokhin, K. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Domain walls can be formed in superconductors with a discrete degeneracy of the ground state, for instance, due to the breaking of time reversal symmetry. We study all cases where the formation of domain walls is possible in a tetragonal superconductor with the point group $D_{4h}$. We discuss both triplet and mixed singlet order parameters. It is found that in all cases the domain walls support subgap Andreev bound states, whose energies strongly depend on the direction of semiclassical propagation. The bound state contribution to the density of quasiparticle states exhibits peculiar features, which can be observed in tunneling experiments.
description: 10 pages 13 figures
DIP-chip: Rapid and accurate determination of DNA-binding specificity
Creators: name: Liu, X.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2005

description: We have developed a new method for determining the DNA-binding specificity of proteins. In DIP-chip (DNA immunoprecipitation with microarray detection), protein·DNA complexes are isolated from an in vitro mixture of purified protein and naked genomic DNA. Whole-genome DNA microarrays are used to identify the protein-bound DNA fragments, and the sequence of the identified fragments is used to derive binding-site descriptions. Using objective criteria for assessing the accuracy of DNA-binding motifs, and using yeast Leu3p as a model, we demonstrate that motifs determined by DIP-chip are as effective at predicting the location of bound proteins in vivo as are motifs determined by conventional low-throughput in vitro methods.
УГОЛОВНО-ИСПОЛНИТЕЛЬНАЯ СИСТЕМА РОССИИ КАК ИСТОЧНИК УГРОЗ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОЙ ГРАНИЦЕ И ПРИГРАНИЧНЫМ ТЕРРИТОРИЯМ
Creators: name: Потоцкий Н.К.
name: Родионов Д.А.
Publisher: name: Право и управление
Year: 2022
Subjects: государственная граница
национальная безопасность
преступность
исправительные учреждения
осужденные.

description: В статье, на основе проведённого анализа происходящих в демократической России социально – политических, экономических, демографических, миграционных, криминальных и иных процессов, рассматриваются предпосылок для роста преступности вообще и незаконного пересечения государственной границы в частности. Особое внимание уделяется ФСИН, ее нынешнее состояние и деятельность, которая в определённой степени несёт опасность для национальной безопасности России и ее государственной границы.
Problem-free time-dependent variational principle for open quantum systems
Creators: name: Joubert-Doriol, Loic
name: Izmaylov, Artur F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Methods of quantum nuclear wave-function dynamics have become very efficient in simulating large isolated systems using the time-dependent variational principle (TDVP). However, a straightforward extension of the TDVP to the density matrix framework gives rise to methods that do not conserve the energy in the isolated system limit and the total system population for open systems where only energy exchange with the environment is allowed. These problems arise when the system density is in a mixed state and is simulated using an incomplete basis. Thus, the basis set incompleteness, which is inevitable in practical calculations, creates artificial channels for energy and population dissipation. To overcome this unphysical behavior, we have introduced a constrained Lagrangian formulation of TDVP applied to the non-stochastic open system Schrodinger equation (NOSSE) [L. Joubert-Doriol, I. G. Ryabinkin, and A. F. Izmaylov, J. Chem. Phys. 141, 234112 (2014)]. While our formulation can be applied to any variational ansatz for the system density matrix, derivation of working equations and numerical assessment are done within the variational multiconfiguration Gaussian approach for a two-dimensional linear vibronic coupling model system interacting with a harmonic bath.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures
Magnetism and topology in Tb-based icosahedral quasicrystal
Creators: name: Watanabe, Shinji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quasicrystal (QC) possesses a unique lattice structure with rotational symmetry forbidden in conventional crystals. The electric property is far from complete understanding and it has been a long-standing issue whether the magnetic long-range order is realized in the QC. The main difficulty was lack of microscopic theory to analyze the effect of the crystalline electric field (CEF) at the rare-earth atom in QCs. Here we show the full microscopic analysis of the CEF in Tb-based QCs. We find that magnetic anisotropy arising from the CEF plays a key role in realizing unique magnetic textures on the icosahedron whose vertices Tb atoms are located at. Our analysis suggests that the long-range order of the hedgehog characterized by the topological charge of one is stabilized in the Tb-based QC. We also find that the whirling-moment state is characterized by unusually large topological charge of three. The magnetic textures as well as the topological states are shown to be switched by controlling compositions of the non-rare-earth elements in the ternary compounds. Our model is useful to understand the magnetism as well as the topological property in the rare-earth-based QCs and approximant crystals.
description: 16 pages, 4 figures
Superlinear growth of Rayleigh scattering-induced intensity noise in single-mode fibers
Creators: name: Cahill, James P.
name: Okusaga, Olukayode
name: Zhou, Weimin
name: Menyuk, Curtis R.
name: Carter, Gary M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Rayleigh scattering generates intensity noise close to an optical carrier that propagates in a single-mode optical fiber. This noise degrades the performance of optoelectronic oscillators and RF-photonic links. When using a broad linewidth laser, we previously found that the intensity noise power scales linearly with optical power and fiber length, which is consistent with guided entropy mode Rayleigh scattering (GEMRS), a third order nonlinear scattering process, in the spontaneous limit. In this work, we show that this behavior changes significantly with the use of a narrow linewidth laser. Using a narrow linewidth laser, we measured the bandwidth of the intensity noise plateau to be 10 kHz. We found that the scattered noise power scales superlinearly with fiber length up to lengths of 10 km in the frequency range of 500 Hz to 10 kHz, while it scales linearly in the frequency range of 10 Hz to 100 Hz. These results suggest that the Rayleigh-scattering-induced intensity noise cannot be explained by third-order nonlinear scattering in the spontaneous limit, as previously hypothesized.
description: This paper was published in Optics Express and is made available as an electronic reprint with the permission of OSA. The paper can be found at the following URL on the OSA website: http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/OE.23.006400. Systematic or multiple reproduction or distribution to multiple locations via electronic or other means is prohibited and is subject to penalties under law
Daily detection and quantification of methane leaks using Sentinel-3: a tiered satellite observation approach with Sentinel-2 and Sentinel-5p
Creators: name: Pandey, Sudhanshu
name: van Nistelrooij, Maarten
name: Maasakkers, Joannes D.
name: Sutar, Pratik
name: Houweling, Sander
name: Varon, Daniel J.
name: Tol, Paul
name: Gains, David
name: Worden, John
name: Aben, Ilse
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The twin Sentinel-3 satellites have multi-band radiometers which observe in methane-sensitive shortwave infrared bands with daily global coverage and 500 m ground pixel resolution. We investigate the methane observation capability of Sentinel-3 and how its coverage-resolution combination fits between Sentinel-5p and Sentinel-2 within a tiered observation approach for methane leak monitoring. Sentinel-5p measures methane with high precision and daily global coverage, allowing worldwide leak detection but with a coarse spatial resolution of 7 km x 5.5 km. The Sentinel-2 twin satellites have multi-band instruments that can identify source locations of major leaks (> 1 t/h) with their methane observations of 20 m resolution under favorable observational conditions, but these satellites lack daily global coverage We show that methane enhancements can be retrieved from the shortwave infrared band measurements of Sentinel-3. We report the lowest emission detections by Sentinel-3 in the 8-20 t/h range, depending on location and wind conditions. We demonstrate Sentinel-3's capability of identification and monitoring of methane leaks using two case studies. Near Moscow, Sentinel-3 shows that two major short-term leaks, separated by 30 km, occurred simultaneously at a gas pipeline and appear as a single methane plume in Sentinel-5p data. For another Sentinel-5p leak detection near the Hassi Messaoud oil/gas field in Algeria, Sentinel-3 identifies the leaking facility emitting continuously for 6 days, and Sentinel-2 pinpoints the source of the leak at an oil/gas well. Sentinel-2 and Sentinel-3 also show the 6-day leak was followed by a four-month period of burning of the leaking gas, suggesting a gas well blowout to be the cause of the leak.
MPEC 2023-R09 : 2023 RA
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 RA

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
ФУНКЦИЯ ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИЯ ОРГАНИЗАЦИИ ИСПОЛНЕНИЯ УГОЛОВНОГО НАКАЗАНИЯ В СТРУКТУРЕ ФУНКЦИЙ УГОЛОВНО-ИСПОЛНИТЕЛЬНОГО ПРАВА
Creators: name: Лесников Г.Ю.
name: Самойлова А.А.
Publisher: name: Право и управление
Year: 2022
Subjects: уголовно-исполнительная система
исправительные учреждения
осужденные
функции права
функции уголовно-исполнительного права
задачи уголовно-исполнительного права
исполнение наказания
управление
исполнение уголовного наказания.

description: В статье идет речь о функции обеспечения организации исполнения уголовного наказания в структуре функций уголовно-исполнительного права. Авторы полагаю, что исследуемая функция имеет правовую основу и соответствующее юридическое оформление в системе уголовно-исполнительного законодательства. Общие положения, находят определенную конкретизацию в нормах, относящихся к различным институтам уголовно-исполнительного права. Эти нормы, в частности, предписывают, каким образом администрация исправительных учреждений должна организовывать распорядок дня в исправительном учреждении. В заключении сделан ряд выводов, определяющих место и роль исследуемой функции и системе функций уголовно-исполнительного права.
FAIRE (Formaldehyde-Assisted Isolation of Regulatory Elements) isolates active regulatory elements from human chromatin
Creators: name: Giresi, P. G.
name: Iyer, V. R.
name: Kim, J.
name: McDaniell, R. M.
name: Lieb, J. D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: DNA segments that actively regulate transcription in vivo are typically characterized by eviction of nucleosomes from chromatin and are experimentally identified by their hypersensitivity to nucleases. Here we demonstrate a simple procedure for the isolation of nucleosome-depleted DNA from human chromatin, termed FAIRE (Formaldehyde-Assisted Isolation of Regulatory Elements). To perform FAIRE, chromatin is crosslinked with formaldehyde in vivo, sheared by sonication, and phenol-chloroform extracted. The DNA recovered in the aqueous phase is fluorescently labeled and hybridized to a DNA microarray. FAIRE performed in human cells strongly enriches DNA coincident with the location of DNaseI hypersensitive sites, transcriptional start sites, and active promoters. Evidence for cell-type–specific patterns of FAIRE enrichment is also presented. FAIRE has utility as a positive selection for genomic regions associated with regulatory activity, including regions traditionally detected by nuclease hypersensitivity assays.
Disc population synthesis: Decrease in the solid mass reservoir through pebble drift
Creators: name: Appelgren, Johan
name: Lambrechts, Michiel
name: van der Marel, Nienke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Surveys of star-forming regions reveal that the dust mass of protoplanetary discs decreases by several orders of magnitude on a timescale of a few million years. This decrease in the mass budget of solids is likely due to the gas-drag-induced radial drift of mm-sized solids, called pebbles. However, quantifying the evolution of this dust component in young stellar clusters is difficult due to the inherent large spread in stellar masses and formation times. Therefore, we aim to model the collective evolution of a cluster to investigate the effectiveness of radial drift in clearing the discs of mm-sized particles. We use a protoplanetary disc model that numerically solves for disc formation, and the viscous evolution and photoevaporative clearing of the gas component, while also including the drift of particles limited in size by fragmentation. We find that discs are born with dust masses between 50 Earth masses and 1000 Earth masses, for stars with, respectively, masses between 0.1 solar masses and 1 solar masses. The majority of this initial dust reservoir is typically lost through drift before photoevaporation opens a gap in the gas disc for models both with and without strong X-ray-driven mass loss rates. We conclude that the decrease in time of the mass locked in fragmentation-limited pebbles is consistent with the evolution of dust masses and ages inferred from nearby star-forming regions when assuming viscous evolution rates corresponding to mean gas disc lifetimes between 3 Myr and 8 Myr.
description: 16 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication in A&A. Addressed additional language comments
Exploring topological phase transition andWeyl physics in five dimensions with electric circuits
Creators: name: Zheng, Xingen
name: Chen, Tian
name: Zhang, Weixuan
name: Sun, Houjun
name: Zhang, Xiangdong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Weyl semimetals are phases of matter with gapless electronic excitations that are protected by topology and symmetry. Their properties depend on the dimensions of the systems. It has been theoretically demonstrated that five-dimensional (5D) Weyl semimetals emerge as novel phases during the topological phase transition in analogy to the three-dimensional case. However, experimental observation of such a phenomenon remains a great challenge because the tunable 5D system is extremely hard to construct in real space. Here, we construct 5D electric circuit platforms in fully real space and experimentally observe topological phase transitions in five dimensions. Not only are Yang monopoles and linked Weyl surfaces observed experimentally, but various phase transitions in five dimensions are also proved, such as the phase transitions from a normal insulator to a Hopf link of twoWeyl surfaces and then to a 5D topological insulator. The demonstrated topological phase transitions in five dimensions leverage the concept of higher-dimensional Weyl physics to control electrical signals in the engineered circuits.
De novo assembly using low-coverage short read sequence data from the rice pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. oryzae
Creators: name: Jeck, W. R.
name: Dangl, J. L.
name: Reinhardt, J. A.
name: Jones, C. D.
name: Nishimura, M. T.
name: Baltrus, D. A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: We developed a novel approach for de novo genome assembly using only sequence data from high-throughput short read sequencing technologies. By combining data generated from 454 Life Sciences (Roche) and Illumina (formerly known as Solexa sequencing) sequencing platforms, we reliably assembled genomes into large scaffolds at a fraction of the traditional cost and without use of a reference sequence. We applied this method to two isolates of the phytopathogenic bacteria Pseudomonas syringae. Sequencing and reassembly of the well-studied tomato and Arabidopsis pathogen, PtoDC3000, facilitated development and testing of our method. Sequencing of a distantly related rice pathogen, Por1_6, demonstrated our method's efficacy for de novo assembly of novel genomes. Our assembly of Por1_6 yielded an N50 scaffold size of 531,821 bp with >75% of the predicted genome covered by scaffolds over 100,000 bp. One of the critical phenotypic differences between strains of P. syringae is the range of plant hosts they infect. This is largely determined by their complement of type III effector proteins. The genome of Por1_6 is the first sequenced for a P. syringae isolate that is a pathogen of monocots, and, as might be predicted, its complement of type III effectors differs substantially from the previously sequenced isolates of this species. The genome of Por1_6 helps to define an expansion of the P. syringae pan-genome, a corresponding contraction of the core genome, and a further diversification of the type III effector complement for this important plant pathogen species.
Improving Fast Auto-Focus with Event Polarity
Creators: name: Bao, Yuhan
name: Sun, Lei
name: Ma, Yuqin
name: Gu, Diyang
name: Wang, Kaiwei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fast and accurate auto-focus in adverse conditions remains an arduous task. The emergence of event cameras has opened up new possibilities for addressing the challenge. This paper presents a new high-speed and accurate event-based focusing algorithm. Specifically, the symmetrical relationship between the event polarities in focusing is investigated, and the event-based focus evaluation function is proposed based on the principles of the event cameras and the imaging model in the focusing process. Comprehensive experiments on the public event-based autofocus dataset (EAD) show the robustness of the model. Furthermore, precise focus with less than one depth of focus is achieved within 0.004 seconds on our self-built high-speed focusing platform. The dataset and code will be made publicly available.
description: 20 pages, 12 figures, 2 tables
Promising inhibitors against main protease of SARS CoV-2 from medicinal plants: In silico identification
Creators: name: Ebenezer, Oluwakemi
name: Shapi, Michael
Publisher: name: Mangosuthu University of Technology (MUT)
Year: 2023
Subjects: Medicinal and biomolecular chemistry not elsewhere classified
Molecular medicine

description: Some compounds reported as active against SARS CoV were selected, and docking studies were performed using the main protease of SARS CoV-2 as the receptor. The docked complex analysis shows that the ligands selectively bind with the target residues and binding affinity of amentoflavone (‒10.1 kcal mol‒1), isotheaflavin-3’-gallate (‒9.8 kcal mol‒1), to?mentin A and D (‒8.0 and ‒8.8 kcal mol‒1), theaflavin-3,3’-di?gallate (‒8.6 kcal mol‒1), papyriflavonol A (‒8.4 kcal mol‒1), iguesterin (‒8.0 kcal mol‒1) and savinin (‒8.3 kcal mol‒1) were ranked above the binding affinity of the reference, co-crystal ligand, ML188, a furan-2-carboxamide-based compound. To pinpoint the drug-like compound among the top-ranked compounds, the Lipinski’s rule of five and pharmacokinetic properties of all the selected compounds were evaluated. The results detailed that savinin exhibits high gastrointestinal absorption and can penetrate through the blood-brain bar?rier. Also, modifying these natural scaffolds with excellent binding affinity may lead to discovering of anti-SARS CoV agents with promising safety profiles
Relaxed singular vectors, Jack symmetric functions and fractional level $\widehat{\mathfrak{sl}}(2)$ models
Creators: name: Ridout, David
name: Wood, Simon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 81T40

description: The fractional level models are (logarithmic) conformal field theories associated with affine Kac-Moody (super)algebras at certain levels $k \in \mathbb{Q}$. They are particularly noteworthy because of several longstanding difficulties that have only recently been resolved. Here, Wakimoto's free field realisation is combined with the theory of Jack symmetric functions to analyse the fractional level $\widehat{\mathfrak{sl}}(2)$ models. The first main results are explicit formulae for the singular vectors of minimal grade in relaxed Wakimoto modules. These are closely related to the minimal grade singular vectors in relaxed (parabolic) Verma modules. Further results include an explicit presentation of Zhu's algebra and an elegant new proof of the classification of simple relaxed highest weight modules over the corresponding vertex operator algebra. These results suggest that generalisations to higher rank fractional level models are now within reach.
description: 33 pages; v2: corrected typos and added references
MPEC 2023-R10 : 2023 QB8
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 QB8

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Systematic evaluation of variability in ChIP-chip experiments using predefined DNA targets
Creators: name: Green, R. D.
name: Ren, B.
name: Nguyen, L.
name: Bhattacharjee, A.
name: Koch, C. M.
name: Dunham, I.
name: Nix, D. A.
name: Trinklein, N. D.
name: Farnham, P. J.
name: Bieda, M.
name: Anton, E.
name: Hawkins, D.
name: Gordon, D. B.
name: Zhang, X.
name: Song, J. S.
name: Ching, K.
name: Johnson, D. S.
name: Brizuela, L.
name: Curry, B.
name: Flicek, P.
name: Jiang, N.
name: Gingeras, T. R.
name: Kapranov, P.
name: Ghosh, J.
name: Xu, X.
name: Holster, H.
name: Brown, M.
name: Ye, Z.
name: Li, W.
name: Carroll, J. S.
name: McCuine, S. A.
name: Scacheri, P. C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: The most widely used method for detecting genome-wide protein–DNA interactions is chromatin immunoprecipitation on tiling microarrays, commonly known as ChIP-chip. Here, we conducted the first objective analysis of tiling array platforms, amplification procedures, and signal detection algorithms in a simulated ChIP-chip experiment. Mixtures of human genomic DNA and “spike-ins” comprised of nearly 100 human sequences at various concentrations were hybridized to four tiling array platforms by eight independent groups. Blind to the number of spike-ins, their locations, and the range of concentrations, each group made predictions of the spike-in locations. We found that microarray platform choice is not the primary determinant of overall performance. In fact, variation in performance between labs, protocols, and algorithms within the same array platform was greater than the variation in performance between array platforms. However, each array platform had unique performance characteristics that varied with tiling resolution and the number of replicates, which have implications for cost versus detection power. Long oligonucleotide arrays were slightly more sensitive at detecting very low enrichment. On all platforms, simple sequence repeats and genome redundancy tended to result in false positives. LM-PCR and WGA, the most popular sample amplification techniques, reproduced relative enrichment levels with high fidelity. Performance among signal detection algorithms was heavily dependent on array platform. The spike-in DNA samples and the data presented here provide a stable benchmark against which future ChIP platforms, protocol improvements, and analysis methods can be evaluated.
title: Einflussfaktoren der Wohnstandortwahl: der ländliche Raum im Fokus
title: Potenziale für peripher-zentrale Wanderungen
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Scheiner, Joachim
name: Bauer, Uta
name: Wohltmann, Heike
Publisher: name: TU Dortmund
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: 710

description: Das Arbeitspapier untersucht die Einflussfaktoren von Wohnstandortverlagerungen, insbesondere mit Blick auf Umzüge an zentralere Standorte, die eine bessere Teilhabe und Versorgung ermöglichen. Die empirischen Analysen basieren auf zwei Datensätzen: einer regionalen Wanderungsbefragung aus dem Projekt Intermobil Region Dresden und der bundesweiten Laufenden Bevölkerungsumfrage des BBR. Der Fokus liegt auf dem ländlichen Raum. Aus Regressionsmodellen wurden Potenziale für Wohnstandortverlagerungen an zentralere Standorte ermittelt. Die mittleren Potenziale betragen nach den BBR-Daten in ländlichen Kreisen jährlich 1,6%, in kleinen Gemeinden 1,3%. Auch wenn dies nicht unerheblich ist, sprechen die bundesweiten Daten insgesamt eher gegen Reurbanisierungstrends und für eine weitere Dezentralisierung. Dies lässt Zweifel daran aufkommen, dass die gegenwärtig beobachteten Reurbanisierungstendenzen auf Wohnwünschen der breiten Bevölkerung beruhen.
description: This working paper studies impact factors of residential relocations, with a focus on moves into more centrally located residences that may support social inclusion and easier household maintenance. The empirical analyses are based on two data sets: a regional household questionnaire survey undertaken in the project Intermobil Region Dresden, and the nationwide BBSR continuous population survey. The focus is on rural areas. Potentials for relocating into more central locations are estimated using regression models. The mean potentials are estimated to be 1.6% per annum in rural districts and 1.3% in small municipalities. Even though these figures are not negligible, the nationwide data do not favour the idea of reurbanisation but rather support ongoing decentralisation. This finding casts doubt on the idea that recently observed trends of reurbanisation are based on residential aspirations of the broad population.
description: Arbeitspapiere des Fachgebiets Verkehrswesen und Verkehrsplanung;28
A positive but complex association between meiotic double-strand break hotspots and open chromatin in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Creators: name: Lieb, J. D.
name: Hanlon, S. E.
name: Copenhaver, G. P.
name: Berchowitz, L. E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: During meiosis, chromatin undergoes extensive changes to facilitate recombination, homolog pairing, and chromosome segregation. To investigate the relationship between chromatin organization and meiotic processes, we used formaldehyde-assisted isolation of regulatory elements (FAIRE) to map open chromatin during the transition from mitosis to meiosis in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We found that meiosis-induced opening of chromatin is associated with meiotic DSB hotpots. The positive association between open chromatin and DSB hotspots is most prominent 3 h into meiosis, when the early meiotic genes DMC1 and HOP1 exhibit maximum transcription and the early recombination genes SPO11 and RAD51 are strongly up-regulated. While the degree of chromatin openness is positively associated with the occurrence of recombination hotspots, many hotspots occur outside of open chromatin. Of particular interest, many DSB hotspots that fell outside of meiotic open chromatin nonetheless occurred in chromatin that had recently been open during mitotic growth. Finally, we find evidence for meiosis-specific opening of chromatin at the regions adjacent to boundaries of subtelomeric sequences, which exhibit specific crossover control patterns hypothesized to be regulated by chromatin.
MPEC 2023-R11 : 2023 QC8
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 QC8

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.