cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Exploration and Coordination of Complementary Multi-Robot Teams in a Hunter and Gatherer Scenario
Creators: name: Dadvar, Mehdi
name: Moazami, Saeed
name: Myler, Harley R.
name: Zargarzadeh, Hassan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The hunter and gatherer approach copes with the problem of dynamic multi-robot task allocation, where tasks are unknowingly distributed over an environment. This approach employs two complementary teams of agents: one agile in exploring (hunters) and another dexterous in completing (gatherers) the tasks. Although this approach has been studied from the task planning point of view in our previous works, the multi-robot exploration and coordination aspects of the problem remain uninvestigated. This paper proposes a multi-robot exploration algorithm for hunters based on innovative notions of "expected information gain" to minimize the collective cost of task accomplishments in a distributed manner. Besides, we present a coordination solution between hunters and gatherers by integrating the novel notion of profit margins into the concept of expected information gain. Statistical analysis of extensive simulation results confirms the efficacy of the proposed algorithms compared in different environments with varying levels of obstacles complexities. We also demonstrate that the lack of effective coordination between hunters and gatherers significantly hurts the total effectiveness of the planning, especially in environments containing dense obstacles and confined corridors. Finally, it is statistically proven that the overall workload is distributed equally for each type of agent which ensures that the proposed solution is not biased to a particular agent and all agents behave analogously under similar characteristics.
description: 17 pages, 11 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1912.05748
Piecewise Linear Valued CSPs Solvable by Linear Programming Relaxation
Creators: name: Bodirsky, Manuel
name: Mamino, Marcello
name: Viola, Caterina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Valued constraint satisfaction problems (VCSPs) are a large class of combinatorial optimisation problems. The computational complexity of VCSPs depends on the set of allowed cost functions in the input. Recently, the computational complexity of all VCSPs for finite sets of cost functions over finite domains has been classified. Many natural optimisation problems, however, cannot be formulated as VCSPs over a finite domain. We initiate the systematic investigation of infinite-domain VCSPs by studying the complexity of VCSPs for piecewise linear homogeneous cost functions. Such VCSPs can be solved in polynomial time if the cost functions are improved by fully symmetric fractional operations of all arities. We show this by reducing the problem to a finite-domain VCSP which can be solved using the basic linear program relaxation. It follows that VCSPs for submodular PLH cost functions can be solved in polynomial time; in fact, we show that submodular PLH functions form a maximally tractable class of PLH cost functions.
description: 45 pages. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1804.01710
Effects of rainfall, geomorphological and geometrical variables on vulnerability of the lower Mississippi River levee system to slump slides
Creators: name: Vahedifard, Farshid
name: Sehat, Sona
name: Aanstoos, James V.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: This study investigated the importance of rainfall and various geomorphological and geometrical factors to the vulnerability of earthen levees to slump slides. The study was performed using a database including 34 slump slides that occurred in the lower Mississippi River levee system from 2008 to 2009. The impact of rainfall within the six months prior to slide occurrence was studied for 23 slides for which an accurate occurrence date was available. Several variables were used to develop a logistic regression model to predict the probability of slump slide occurrence. The proposed model was verified for both slide and non-slide cases. The regression analysis depicts the impact of channel width, river sinuosity index, riverbank erosion, channel shape condition and distance to river. Excluding the sinuosity index, the impact of the other independent variables examined was found to be significant. Occurrence of riverbank erosion around the slide locations was the most significant predictor factor. A channel width of less than 1000 m was ranked as the second most significant variable. The proposed model can aid in locating high-risk areas on levees in order to take prompt protective measures, increase monitoring efforts and enable early response under emergency conditions.
Additional file 1 of Mast cells-derived MiR-223 destroys intestinal barrier function by inhibition of CLDN8 expression in intestinal epithelial cells
Creators: name: Li, Musheng
name: Zhao, Junhong
name: Cao, Meiwan
name: Liu, Ruitao
name: Chen, Guanhua
name: Li, Songyu
name: Xie, Yuanwen
name: Xie, Jing
name: Cheng, Yang
name: Huang, Ling
name: Su, Mingmin
name: Xu, Yuxin
name: Zheng, Mingyue
name: Zou, Kejian
name: Geng, Lanlan
name: Xu, Wanfu
name: Gong, Sitang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Inhibition of miR-21/16 reversed the effect of exosome on IECs.
Have we reached proton beam therapy dosimetric limitations? – A novel robust, delivery-efficient and continuous spot-scanning proton arc (SPArc) therapy is to improve the dosimetric outcome in treating prostate cancer
Creators: name: Xuanfeng Ding
name: Xiaoqiang Li
name: Qin, An
name: Zhou, Jun
name: Yan, Di
name: Stevens, Craig
name: Krauss, Daniel
name: Kabolizadeh, Peyman
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Have we reached proton beam therapy dosimetric limitations? – A novel robust, delivery-efficient and continuous spot-scanning proton arc (SPArc) therapy is to improve the dosimetric outcome in treating prostate cancer
Development and evaluation of a new screening workflow for the determination of the self-accelerating decomposition temperature of solids
Creators: name: Zogg, Andreas
name: Wegmann, Kai
Publisher: name: Fachhochschule Nordwestschweiz FHNW
Year: 2021
Subjects: Self-Accelerating Decomposition Temperature
SADT
Differential Scanning Calorimetry
DSC
Accelerating Rate Calorimetry
ARC
nth-order Kinetics
Semenov-model
MATLAB

description: According to the UN (United Nations) recommendations for the transport of dangerous goods self reactive substances need to be identified and classified with a suitable temperature for transportation, the so-called self-accelerating decomposition temperature (SADT). Several test methods (H.1-H.4) are suggested by the UN for the determination of the SADT1. The suggested tests are inappropriate for many practical situations as they require a large amount of test substance, a significant experimental effort and the tests are hazardous with regard to laboratory safety2. Thus, the quantity of performed tests should be reduced to an absolute minimum. This is achievable if these tests could be limited to critical substances that are expected to have an SADT value below the 75 °C threshold for a 50 kg package, as defined by the UN. Hence, the development of a screening workflow, which is able to identify such critical substances is required. Such screening methods already exist, but they are often based on a single calorimetric principle and were not validated consequently. Here we present a new screening workflow to determine the SADT, by combining accelerating rate calorimetry (ARC) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The experimental data were evaluated using nth-order kinetic combined with the Semenov model. The results of this screening workflow are validated for twelve solid compounds with data obtained from the H.2-adiabatic storage tests. The H.2-adiabatic storage tests were performed by an iso-certified reference laboratory. All of the twelve evaluated solid compounds were accurately categorized above or below the 75 °C threshold value. Furthermore, the new screening workflow identifies and flags substances with potentially autocatalytic decomposition kinetics. To our knowledge, we offer the first free, validated, standalone ready-to-use screening workflow for the categorization of solid compounds according to the 75 °C SADT threshold value. The workflow is implemented in MATLAB with an open source code. This enables further validation and development of this workflow towards a best practice method for the categorization of substances according to the 75 °C SADT threshold value.
Rational indices for quantum ground state sectors
Creators: name: Bachmann, Sven
name: Bols, Alex
name: De Roeck, Wojciech
name: Fraas, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider charge transport for interacting many-body systems with a gapped ground state subspace which is finitely degenerate and topologically ordered. To any locality-preserving, charge-conserving unitary that preserves the ground state space, we associate an index that is an integer multiple of $1/p$, where $p$ is the ground state degeneracy. We prove that the index is additive under composition of unitaries. This formalism gives rise to several applications: fractional quantum Hall conductance, a fractional Lieb-Schultz-Mattis theorem that generalizes the standard LSM to systems where the translation-invariance is broken, and the interacting generalization of the Avron-Dana-Zak relation between Hall conductance and the filling factor.
description: v3: Lemma 4.1 corrected. v2: New clustering result, Proposition 3.1
Fibration theorems for TQ-completion of structured ring spectra
Creators: name: Schonsheck, Nikolas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 55P43, 55P48, 55P60, 55U35, 18G55

description: The aim of this short paper is to establish a spectral algebra analog of the Bousfield-Kan "fibration lemma" under appropriate conditions. We work in the context of algebraic structures that can be described as algebras over an operad $\mathcal{O}$ in symmetric spectra. Our main result is that completion with respect to topological Quillen homology (or TQ-completion, for short) preserves homotopy fibration sequences provided that the base and total $\mathcal{O}$-algebras are connected. Our argument essentially boils down to proving that the natural map from the homotopy fiber to its TQ-completion tower is a pro-$π_*$ isomorphism. More generally, we also show that similar results remain true if we replace "homotopy fibration sequence" with "homotopy pullback square."
description: 14 pages; updated to final version; accepted for publication
Parental perspectives on children’s use of portable digital devices
Creators: name: Sergi, Katerina
name: Gatewood, Ronald
name: Anastasia Elder
name: Jianzhong Xu
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Small portable digital devices (PDDs) – tablets and smartphones – are becoming increasingly popular among children at early ages. In this qualitative study, we applied the theoretical frameworks of self-efficacy and othermothering to examine the perspectives of parents from rural areas regarding the role of PDDs in children of early and primary education age (4–7 years old). We conducted in-depth interviews with parents, observed children at home, and collected artefacts related to children’s PDDs use to capture daily habits, experiences, and attitudes from different angles. Data revealed that parents supported PDDs as entertainment and learning tools. Parents reported improvements in dexterity, memory, attention, and linguistic and mathematical skills, and believed that PDDs positively affect children’s cognitive development. During observations, children exhibited versatility and skill with app navigation for entertainment and educational purposes. Children completed tasks in an independent and efficacious manner that reinforced engagement. Parents seemed to unconsciously transfer to PDDs a cognitive and social role that created another parenting modality as in othermothering. Parents, meanwhile, appeared concerned with uncontrolled overuse of PDDs by children. These findings suggest that parents from rural areas view PDDs as tools that pose opportunities and challenges for entertainment and learning.
चिकित्सा में आर्टिफिशियल इंटेलिजेंस: वर्तमान और भविष्य का दृष्टिकोण
Creators: name: आसेडिया & पंड्या
Publisher: name: The Science world a Monthly e magazine
Year: 2024

description: आधुनिक समय में, चिकित्सा क्षेत्र में आर्टिफिशियल इंटेलिजेंस का महत्व बढ़ चुका है। यह न केवल रोगों की निदान और उपचार में बदलाव लाता है, बल्कि यह इस क्षेत्र में विज्ञान और तकनीक के साथ अनुसंधान के लिए एक महत्वपूर्ण उपकरण भी है। आर्टिफिशियल इंटेलिजेंस की मदद से, डेटा का विश्लेषण किया जा सकता है और परिणामस्वरूप बेहतर चिकित्सा निदान और उपचार प्रदान किया जा सकता है। इसके अलावा, यह वैज्ञानिक समझ और नए उपचार प्रोटोकॉल विकसित करने में मदद करता है।
Investigating Causal Cues: Strengthening Spoofed Audio Detection with Human-Discernible Linguistic Features
Creators: name: Khanjani, Zahra
name: Ale, Tolulope
name: Wang, Jianwu
name: Davis, Lavon
name: Mallinson, Christine
name: Janeja, Vandana
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2024
Subjects: Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Audio and Speech Processing
Computer Science - Sound
Computer Science - Computation and Language
UMBC Big Data Analytics Lab
UMBC Cybersecurity Institute

description: Several types of spoofed audio, such as mimicry, replay attacks, and deepfakes, have created societal challenges to information integrity. Recently, researchers have worked with sociolinguistics experts to label spoofed audio samples with Expert Defined Linguistic Features (EDLFs) that can be discerned by the human ear: pitch, pause, word-initial and word-final release bursts of consonant stops, audible intake or outtake of breath, and overall audio quality. It is established that there is an improvement in several deepfake detection algorithms when they augmented the traditional and common features of audio data with these EDLFs. In this paper, using a hybrid dataset comprised of multiple types of spoofed audio augmented with sociolinguistic annotations, we investigate causal discovery and inferences between the discernible linguistic features and the label in the audio clips, comparing the findings of the causal models with the expert ground truth validation labeling process. Our findings suggest that the causal models indicate the utility of incorporating linguistic features to help discern spoofed audio, as well as the overall need and opportunity to incorporate human knowledge into models and techniques for strengthening AI models. The causal discovery and inference can be used as a foundation of training humans to discern spoofed audio as well as automating EDLFs labeling for the purpose of performance improvement of the common AI-based spoofed audio detectors.
Time Series Data Augmentation for Deep Learning: A Survey
Creators: name: Wen, Qingsong
name: Sun, Liang
name: Yang, Fan
name: Song, Xiaomin
name: Gao, Jingkun
name: Wang, Xue
name: Xu, Huan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Deep learning performs remarkably well on many time series analysis tasks recently. The superior performance of deep neural networks relies heavily on a large number of training data to avoid overfitting. However, the labeled data of many real-world time series applications may be limited such as classification in medical time series and anomaly detection in AIOps. As an effective way to enhance the size and quality of the training data, data augmentation is crucial to the successful application of deep learning models on time series data. In this paper, we systematically review different data augmentation methods for time series. We propose a taxonomy for the reviewed methods, and then provide a structured review for these methods by highlighting their strengths and limitations. We also empirically compare different data augmentation methods for different tasks including time series classification, anomaly detection, and forecasting. Finally, we discuss and highlight five future directions to provide useful research guidance.
description: Accepted by the 30th International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence (IJCAI 2021); Selected by Paper Digest into Most Influential IJCAI Papers (Version: 2022-02), Rank 1st (Link: https://www.paperdigest.org/2022/02/most-influential-ijcai-papers-2022-02/)
Additional file 2 of Mast cells-derived MiR-223 destroys intestinal barrier function by inhibition of CLDN8 expression in intestinal epithelial cells
Creators: name: Li, Musheng
name: Zhao, Junhong
name: Cao, Meiwan
name: Liu, Ruitao
name: Chen, Guanhua
name: Li, Songyu
name: Xie, Yuanwen
name: Xie, Jing
name: Cheng, Yang
name: Huang, Ling
name: Su, Mingmin
name: Xu, Yuxin
name: Zheng, Mingyue
name: Zou, Kejian
name: Geng, Lanlan
name: Xu, Wanfu
name: Gong, Sitang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 2: Table S1. Enrichment of miRNAs derived by human mast cells was listed by miRNA array.
Pilotinnen, Ärzte und Lehrpersonen müssen Vollprofis sein – sonst stürzen wir ab (Interview)
Creators: name: Beywl, Wolfgang
name: Schwab, Franziska
Publisher: name: Fachhochschule Nordwestschweiz FHNW
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Professionalisierung
subject: 300 - Sozialwissenschaften
subject: 370 - Erziehung, Schul- und Bildungswesen

description: Professionelle Lehrpersonen können Unterricht gezielt und lernwirksam verändern. Daher müssen Lehrpersonen adäquat aus- und weitergebildet sein. Davon ist Prof. Dr. Wolfgang Beywl überzeugt.
Behavioral strategies between Aphidius platensis and winter cereal aphids with a focus on parasitism
Creators: name: dos Santos, Carlos D.R.
name: Sant’Ana, Josué
name: Redaelli, Luiza Rodrigues
name: de Carvalho Engel, Priscila
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology

description: Aphids that infest cereal crops employ diverse survival strategies, including behavioral defenses to avoid parasitism. The Aphidiinae subfamily, particularly Aphidius platensis, plays an important role as a parasitoid in controlling cereal aphids. There is a lack of information on the behavioral aspects associated with aphids and parasitoids, along with their influence on parasitism rates. This study aimed to observe the apterous adult’s behavior of Rhopalosiphum padi, Schizaphis graminum, Metopolophium dirhodum, and Sitobion avenae and its parasitoid (Aphidius platensis) when exposed to each other and evaluate how these interactions reflect on parasitism rates. The behaviors were recorded (5 min) and analyzed using BORIS software. Parasitism rates were assessed by examining the presence of larvae and mummies. Schizaphis graminum was the highest recognized and accepted aphid species by A. platensis, with 95% of parasitism, followed by R. padi (68.3%), despite its ability to escape (walking), and S. avenae (13.2%), despite its kick behavior. Metopolophium dirhodum, with minimal kicking, was not parasitized. Our results showed that the parasitoid tends to be more aggressive (mainly probing and parasitizing) toward the host with which it has greatest parasitism (S. graminum). Aphid defensive behaviors were not sufficient to defend themselves, as parasitoid attacks were similar in those that walked and kicked more often. We observed that the parasitoid A. platensis behaved similarly on suitable and unsuitable hosts. This finding provides new information that can contribute to a better understanding of host–parasitoid interactions, which has implications for biological control strategies targeting aphids in winter cereals. Aphidius platensis exhibits distinct behavioral preferences for different aphid species.Aphid behaviors do not significantly deter parasitism. Aphidius platensis exhibits distinct behavioral preferences for different aphid species. Aphid behaviors do not significantly deter parasitism.
Introducing UNIQuE: The Unconventional Noiseless Intermediate Quantum Emulator
Creators: name: Robertson, Reece
name: Ventura, Dan
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Science - Mathematical Software
subject: Quantum Physics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We implement the first open-source quantum computing emulator that includes arithmetic operations, the quantum Fourier transform, and quantum phase estimation. The emulator provides significant savings in both temporal and spatial resources compared to simulation, and these computational advantages are verified through comparison to the Intel Quantum Simulator. We also demonstrate how to use the emulator to implement Shor's algorithm and use it to solve a nontrivial factoring problem. This demonstrates that emulation can make quantum computing more accessible than simulation or noisy hardware by allowing researchers to study the behavior of algorithms on large problems in a noiseless environment.
Have we reached proton beam therapy dosimetric limitations? – A novel robust, delivery-efficient and continuous spot-scanning proton arc (SPArc) therapy is to improve the dosimetric outcome in treating prostate cancer
Creators: name: Xuanfeng Ding
name: Xiaoqiang Li
name: Qin, An
name: Zhou, Jun
name: Yan, Di
name: Stevens, Craig
name: Krauss, Daniel
name: Kabolizdeh, Peyman
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Have we reached proton beam therapy dosimetric limitations? – A novel robust, delivery-efficient and continuous spot-scanning proton arc (SPArc) therapy is to improve the dosimetric outcome in treating prostate cancer
Research Data Management: A short course for PoliTo Researchers: 18 Feb 2020 (Part 1)
Creators: name: Kurapati, Shalini
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: Part 1:  Introducing the rationale of Open Science and the role of RDM: Why should you care What should I do and where do I start: Intro to Data Management Plans Storage and computing infrastructure at PoliTo by Mr. Enrico Venuto, Area IT Break Part 2: Introduction to GDPR and PoliTo processes, by Nicoletta Roz, DPO Managing and sharing personal data during a research project IPR and Tech transfer considerations, by Shiva Loccisano, head of TRIN Wrap up and intro to the Feb 20 session
Ewens Ponds and South East wetlands data
Creators: name: Brookes, Justin
name: Rigosi, Anna
Publisher: name: The University of Adelaide
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 50202 Conservation and Biodiversity
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 50209 Natural Resource Management
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 50102 Ecosystem Function

description: This data set includes:
- Ewens Ponds monitoring data on nutrients, light, salinity, flow, temperature approximately every two months for one year period.
- South East Wetlands nutrient data base collated from previous research.
- Modelling input data and results for phytoplankton dynamic modelling under different flow and nutrient conditions.

The data set was generated within The Goyder Institute for Water Research Project No. E.2.7.
SPHINX Embedded SIEM v1
Creators: name: Lima, Eli De
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: SIEM
Logs
Event Management

description: This document reports the development status for the SPHINX System Information and Event Management (SIEM) component. Moreover, it presents the design, architecture and implementation of the SIEM component and its subcomponents, by providing technical details and explaining the level of interaction performed by the subcomponents within the SIEM system and demonstrating how users and external components can interact with the SIEM platform. This deliverable shows the results accomplished on the first iteration (M13-M20) of the associated task (T4.5).
Night-time Scene Parsing with a Large Real Dataset
Creators: name: Tan, Xin
name: Xu, Ke
name: Cao, Ying
name: Zhang, Yiheng
name: Ma, Lizhuang
name: Lau, Rynson W. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Although huge progress has been made on scene analysis in recent years, most existing works assume the input images to be in day-time with good lighting conditions. In this work, we aim to address the night-time scene parsing (NTSP) problem, which has two main challenges: 1) labeled night-time data are scarce, and 2) over- and under-exposures may co-occur in the input night-time images and are not explicitly modeled in existing pipelines. To tackle the scarcity of night-time data, we collect a novel labeled dataset, named {\it NightCity}, of 4,297 real night-time images with ground truth pixel-level semantic annotations. To our knowledge, NightCity is the largest dataset for NTSP. In addition, we also propose an exposure-aware framework to address the NTSP problem through augmenting the segmentation process with explicitly learned exposure features. Extensive experiments show that training on NightCity can significantly improve NTSP performances and that our exposure-aware model outperforms the state-of-the-art methods, yielding top performances on our dataset as well as existing datasets.
description: 13 pages, 11 figures. This paper is accepted by IEEE Transactions on Image Processing. The dataset can be accessed via https://dmcv.sjtu.edu.cn/people/phd/tanxin/NightCity/index.html
A Random Billiard Map in the Circle
Creators: name: Vales, Túlio
name: Pinto-de-Carvalho, Sônia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider a random billiard map, the one in which the standard specular reflection rule is replaced by a random reflection given by a Markov operator. We exhibit an invariant measure for random billiards on general tables. In the special case of a circular table we show that almost every (random) orbit is dense in the boundary as well as in the circular ring formed between the circle boundary and the random caustic. We additionally prove Strong Knudsen's Law for a particular case of families of absolutely continuous measures with respect to Liouville.
description: 20 pages, 8 figures
Quantum information aspects of approximate position measurement
Creators: name: Holevo, A. S.
name: Yashin, V. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform a quantum information analysis for multi-mode Gaussian approximate position measurements, underlying noisy homodyning in quantum optics. The "Gaussian maximizer" property is established for the entropy reduction of these measurements which provides explicit formulas for computations including their entanglement-assisted capacity. The case of one mode is discussed in detail.
description: 18 pages, one figure
Design and implementation of a modular interior-point solver for linear optimization
Creators: name: Anjos, Miguel F.
name: Lodi, Andrea
name: Tanneau, Mathieu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper introduces the algorithmic design and implementation of Tulip, an open-source interior-point solver for linear optimization. It implements a regularized homogeneous interior-point algorithm with multiple centrality corrections, and therefore handles unbounded and infeasible problems. The solver is written in Julia, thus allowing for a flexible and efficient implementation: Tulip's algorithmic framework is fully disentangled from linear algebra implementations and from a model's arithmetic. In particular, this allows to seamlessly integrate specialized routines for structured problems. Extensive computational results are reported. We find that Tulip is competitive with open-source interior-point solvers on the H. Mittelmann's benchmark of barrier linear programming solvers. Furthermore, we design specialized linear algebra routines for structured master problems in the context of Dantzig-Wolfe decomposition. These routines yield a tenfold speedup on large and dense instances that arise in power systems operation and two-stage stochastic programming, thereby outperforming state-of-the-art commercial interior point method solvers. Finally, we illustrate Tulip's ability to use different levels of arithmetic precision by solving problems in extended precision.
Unified SVM Algorithm Based on LS-DC Loss
Creators: name: Shuisheng, Zhou
name: Wendi, Zhou
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Over the past two decades, support vector machine (SVM) has become a popular supervised machine learning model, and plenty of distinct algorithms are designed separately based on different KKT conditions of the SVM model for classification/regression with different losses, including the convex loss or nonconvex loss. In this paper, we propose an algorithm that can train different SVM models in a \emph{unified} scheme. First, we introduce a definition of the \emph{LS-DC} (\textbf{l}east \textbf{s}quares type of \textbf{d}ifference of \textbf{c}onvex) loss and show that the most commonly used losses in the SVM community are LS-DC loss or can be approximated by LS-DC loss. Based on DCA (difference of convex algorithm), we then propose a unified algorithm, called \emph{UniSVM}, which can solve the SVM model with any convex or nonconvex LS-DC loss, in which only a vector is computed, especially by the specifically chosen loss. Particularly, for training robust SVM models with nonconvex losses, UniSVM has a dominant advantage over all existing algorithms because it has a closed-form solution per iteration, while the existing algorithms always need to solve an L1SVM/L2SVM per iteration. Furthermore, by the low-rank approximation of the kernel matrix, UniSVM can solve the large-scale nonlinear problems with efficiency. To verify the efficacy and feasibility of the proposed algorithm, we perform many experiments on some small artificial problems and some large benchmark tasks with/without outliers for classification and regression for comparison with state-of-the-art algorithms. The experimental results demonstrate that UniSVM can achieve comparable performance in less training time. The foremost advantage of UniSVM is that its core code in Matlab is less than 10 lines; hence, it can be easily grasped by users or researchers.
Recognition of Instrument-Tissue Interactions in Endoscopic Videos via Action Triplets
Creators: name: Nwoye, Chinedu Innocent
name: Gonzalez, Cristians
name: Yu, Tong
name: Mascagni, Pietro
name: Mutter, Didier
name: Marescaux, Jacques
name: Padoy, Nicolas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recognition of surgical activity is an essential component to develop context-aware decision support for the operating room. In this work, we tackle the recognition of fine-grained activities, modeled as action triplets representing the tool activity. To this end, we introduce a new laparoscopic dataset, CholecT40, consisting of 40 videos from the public dataset Cholec80 in which all frames have been annotated using 128 triplet classes. Furthermore, we present an approach to recognize these triplets directly from the video data. It relies on a module called Class Activation Guide (CAG), which uses the instrument activation maps to guide the verb and target recognition. To model the recognition of multiple triplets in the same frame, we also propose a trainable 3D Interaction Space, which captures the associations between the triplet components. Finally, we demonstrate the significance of these contributions via several ablation studies and comparisons to baselines on CholecT40.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures, 6 tables. Accepted and to be published in MICCAI 2020
Additional file 1 of The associated factors of cesarean section during COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study in nine cities of China
Creators: name: Zhang, Jian
name: Zhang, Yumei
name: Ma, Yidi
name: Ke, Yalei
name: Huo, Shanshan
name: He, Liping
name: Luo, Wenjuan
name: Li, Jing
name: Zhao, Ai
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Mental Health

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Table 1. Ways of women access to nutrition instructions among women living in the regions with different COVID-19 confirmed cases. Supplementary Table 2. Sensitivity analysis of influence factors of delivery mode.a
Symplectic PBW Degenerate Flag Varieties; PBW Tableaux and Defining Equations
Creators: name: Balla, George
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 17B45, 14L35, 05E10

description: We define a set of PBW-semistandard tableaux that is in a weight preserving bijection with the set of monomials corresponding to integral points in the Feigin-Fourier-Littelmann-Vinberg polytope for highest weight modules of the symplectic Lie algebra. We then show that these tableaux parametrize bases of the homogeneous coordinate rings of the complete symplectic original and PBW degenerate flag varieties. From this construction, we provide explicit degenerate relations that generate the defining ideal of the PBW degenerate variety. These relations consist of type A degenerate Plücker relations and a set of degenerate linear relations that we obtain from De Concini's linear relations.
description: 29 pages, Section 3.1 added, statements and proofs in Sections 3.2 & 3.3 revised, Remark 4.18 added, plus a few other changes in Sections 4 & 5, references added, results unchanged, to appear in Transform. Groups
Opening chant & Prayer
Creators: name: Timalsina, Staneshwar
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: sarvamnaya-oral-tradition-archive
sarvamnaya
vimarsha-foundation

description: Thinking Through the Bhagavad Gita event, October 20, 2019, San Diego, CA.

Original YouTube video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sScivjU2ZZY

This presentation is part of the Sarvāmnāya Oral Tradition Archive.
Vimarsha Foundation. (2025). The Sarvāmnāya Oral Tradition Archive [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15188107
How Inclusive Are Wikipedia's Hyperlinks in Articles Covering Polarizing Topics?
Creators: name: Menghini, Cristina
name: Anagnostopoulos, Aris
name: Upfal, Eli
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Wikipedia relies on an extensive review process to verify that the content of each individual page is unbiased and presents a neutral point of view. Less attention has been paid to possible biases in the hyperlink structure of Wikipedia, which has a significant influence on the user's exploration process when visiting more than one page. The evaluation of hyperlink bias is challenging because it depends on the global view rather than the text of individual pages. In this paper, we focus on the influence of the interconnect topology between articles describing complementary aspects of polarizing topics. We introduce a novel measure of exposure to diverse information to quantify users' exposure to different aspects of a topic throughout an entire surfing session, rather than just one click ahead. We apply this measure to six polarizing topics (e.g., gun control and gun right), and we identify cases in which the network topology significantly limits the exposure of users to diverse information on the topic, encouraging users to remain in a knowledge bubble. Our findings demonstrate the importance of evaluating Wikipedia's network structure in addition to the extensive review of individual articles.
Using Diffuse Scattering to Observe X-Ray-Driven Nonthermal Melting
Creators: name: Hartley, N. J.
name: Grenzer, J.
name: Huang, L.
name: Inubushi, Y.
name: Kamimura, N.
name: Katagiri, K.
name: Kodama, R.
name: Kon, A.
name: Lu, W.
name: Makita, M.
name: Matsuoka, T.
name: Nakajima, S.
name: Ozaki, N.
name: Pikuz, T.
name: Rode, A.
name: Sagae, D.
name: Schuster, A. K.
name: Tono, K.
name: Voigt, K.
name: Vorberger, J.
name: Yabuuchi, T.
name: McBride, E. E.
name: Kraus, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results from the SPring-8 Angstrom Compact free electron LAser (SACLA) XFEL facility, using a high intensity ($\sim\!10^{20}\,$W/cm$^2$) X-ray pump X-ray probe scheme to observe changes in the ionic structure of silicon induced by X-ray heating of the electrons. By avoiding Laue spots in the scattering signal from a single crystalline sample, we observe a rapid rise in diffuse scattering, which we attribute to a loss of lattice order and a transition to a liquid state within 100 fs of irradiation, a timescale which agrees well with first principles simulations, but is faster than that predicted by purely inertial behavior. This method is capable of observing liquid scattering without masking or filtering of signal from the ambient solid, allowing the liquid structure to be measured throughout and beyond the phase change.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures. Updated title and abstract
Quantum Algorithm for Online Convex Optimization
Creators: name: He, Jianhao
name: Yang, Feidiao
name: Zhang, Jialin
name: Li, Lvzhou
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We explore whether quantum advantages can be found for the zeroth-order online convex optimization problem, which is also known as bandit convex optimization with multi-point feedback. In this setting, given access to zeroth-order oracles (that is, the loss function is accessed as a black box that returns the function value for any queried input), a player attempts to minimize a sequence of adversarially generated convex loss functions. This procedure can be described as a $T$ round iterative game between the player and the adversary. In this paper, we present quantum algorithms for the problem and show for the first time that potential quantum advantages are possible for problems of online convex optimization. Specifically, our contributions are as follows. (i) When the player is allowed to query zeroth-order oracles $O(1)$ times in each round as feedback, we give a quantum algorithm that achieves $O(\sqrt{T})$ regret without additional dependence of the dimension $n$, which outperforms the already known optimal classical algorithm only achieving $O(\sqrt{nT})$ regret. Note that the regret of our quantum algorithm has achieved the lower bound of classical first-order methods. (ii) We show that for strongly convex loss functions, the quantum algorithm can achieve $O(\log T)$ regret with $O(1)$ queries as well, which means that the quantum algorithm can achieve the same regret bound as the classical algorithms in the full information setting.
Negative correlations can play a positive role in disordered quantum walks
Creators: name: Pires, Marcelo A.
name: Queirós, Sílvio M. Duarte
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the emerging properties of quantum walks with temporal disorder engineered from a binary Markov chain with tailored correlation, $C$, and disorder strength, $r$. We show that when the disorder is weak -- $r \ll 1$ -- the introduction of negative correlation leads to a counter-intuitive higher production of spin-lattice entanglement entropy, $S_e$, than the setting with positive correlation, that is $S_e(-|C|)>S_e(|C|)$. These results show that negatively correlated disorder plays a more important role in quantum entanglement than it has been assumed in the literature.
description: 9 pages and 5 figures
Walking in Place: Time and Totality in Hegel's Modernity
Creators: name: CHRISTOPHER WALLACE
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Philosophy
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: 160609 Political Theory and Political Philosophy
subject: FOS: Political science

description: What philosophy questions is both the idea of the present as being contained within itself, and the idea that a future merely follows in the passing of time. The claim made in this thesis is that to be self-contained necessitates the effacement of difference, which is not only a form of domination, but precludes the possibility of a future by reducing existence to parameters that already govern the present. Via a reading of G.W.F Hegel, it is argued that the future’s possibility depends upon the recovery of difference from the past, a past that is discontinuous with the present.
A Generalized Estimating Equation Approach to Multivariate Adaptive Regression Splines
Creators: name: Stoklosa, Jakub
name: Warton, David I.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Science Policy
subject: Plant Biology

description: Multivariate adaptive regression splines (MARS) is a popular nonparametric regression tool often used for prediction and for uncovering important data patterns between the response and predictor variables. The standard MARS algorithm assumes responses are normally distributed and independent, but in this article we relax both of these assumptions by extending MARS to generalized estimating equations. We refer to this MARS-for-GEEs algorithm as “MARGE.” Our algorithm makes use of fast forward selection techniques, such that in the univariate case, MARGE has similar computation speed to a standard MARS implementation. Through simulation we show that the proposed algorithm has improved predictive performance than the original MARS algorithm when using correlated and/or nonnormal response data. MARGE is also competitive with alternatives in the literature, especially for problems with multiple interacting predictors. We apply MARGE to various ecological examples with different data types. Supplementary material for this article is available online.