cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Capillary based hybrid fiber sensor in a balloon-like shape for simultaneous measurement of displacement and temperature
Creators: name: Santos, João P.
name: Bierlich, Jörg
name: Kobelke, Jens
name: Ferreira, Marta S.
Publisher: name: Bristol : IOP Publ.
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Antiresonant
subject: Balloon-like
subject: Displacement
subject: Mach-Zehnder
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: 530

description: In this work, a hybrid sensor based on a silica capillary in a balloon-like shape for simultaneous measurement of displacement and temperature is proposed for the first time, to the best of our knowledge. The sensor is fabricated by splicing a segment of a hollow core fiber between two single mode fibers (SMF) and by bending the fiber in a balloon shape with the capillary at the top-center position. In a transmission scheme, the SMF-capillary-SMF configuration excites an antiresonant (AR) guidance and the balloon shape enhances a Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI). The different responses of the interferometers to external displacement and temperature variations are conducive to a hybrid application of the sensor for simultaneous measurement of these parameters. Experimental results show that, for a capillary length of 1.2 cm and a balloon length of 4 cm, AR is insensitive to displacement and its sensitivity to temperature is 14.3 pm/°C, while the MZI has a sensitivity to displacement of 1.68 nm/mm and twice the sensitivity of AR to temperature, of 28.6 pm/°C. The proposed fiber sensor consists of only one sensing element in one configuration exciting two interferometers at the same time, which makes it of simple fabrication as well as low cost.
Attitudes and Intentions Regarding Abortion Provision Among Medical School Students in South Africa
Creators: name: Buga, Geoffrey A.
name: Zullig, Leah L.
name: Wheeler, Stephanie B.
name: Morroni, Chelsea
name: Reeve, Bryce B.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Although South Africa liberalized its abortion law in 1996, significant barriers still impede service provision, including the lack of trained and willing providers. A better understanding is needed of medical students’ attitudes, beliefs and intentions regarding abortion provision.
E-RIHS PP D10.1 Design, Development and implementation of the dissemination and communication strategy
Creators: name: Koutoupas, Athanasios
name: Hermon, Sorin
name: Benassi, Laura
name: Andreassi, Elisabetta
name: Striova, Jana
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Dissemination
Communication strategy

description: Task 10.1 “Design, development and implementation of the dissemination and communica- tion strategy”, of the WP10 “Advocacy, Communication and Dissemination”, will prepare and implement the E-RIHS’ communication and dissemination strategy to communities of users and stakeholders and dedicated public engagement. It will be based on feedback obtained through periodic meetings with users, stakeholders and national hubs representatives as well. So far under process: The formation of Social Networks, as well as the usage of a web-based project management application (www.basecamp.com), for internal communication. The development of tailored strategies for stakeholders, through digital and physical chan- nels of communication in a dialogue with national E-RIHS representatives and National Hubs. The creation of critical mass of information and their dissemination at conferences, events, through digital and physical media, etc. in order to assure its presentation to citizens, re- searchers, investors, private and public bodies, institutions, academic universities or re- search centres wishing to collaborate with E-RIHS.
Von Pluralität und Säkularismus
Creators: name: Berndt, Hagen
Publisher: name: Südasien
Year: 2022

description: In Lalitpur im indischen Bundesstaat Uttar Pradesh befindet sich ein lokaler Pilgerort mit dem populären Namen tuwan, den alljährlich Hindus wie auch Muslime aufsuchen. Die Bezeichnung kommt vom Englischen „2 in 1“, da hier Tempel und Moschee in einem Komplex vereinigt sind. Derartige Stätten findet man in ganz Südasien. Sie beantworten die spirituellen Bedürfnisse einer ländlichen Bevölkerung gemischten ethnischen und religiösen Hintergrunds, die seit Jahrhunderten zusammen gelebt hat. Konflikte – auch gewaltträchtig ausgetragene – existierten und existieren auch heute in diesen Gemeinschaften wie in jeder Gesellschaft, innerhalb der Religionsgruppen sowie auch über Religionsgrenzen hinweg.
description: Südasien, Bd. 27 Nr. 3 (2007): Identität und Geschichte
Crowdsourcing Semantic Label Propagation in Relation Classification
Creators: name: Dumitrache, Anca
name: Aroyo, Lora
name: Welty, Chris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Distant supervision is a popular method for performing relation extraction from text that is known to produce noisy labels. Most progress in relation extraction and classification has been made with crowdsourced corrections to distant-supervised labels, and there is evidence that indicates still more would be better. In this paper, we explore the problem of propagating human annotation signals gathered for open-domain relation classification through the CrowdTruth methodology for crowdsourcing, that captures ambiguity in annotations by measuring inter-annotator disagreement. Our approach propagates annotations to sentences that are similar in a low dimensional embedding space, expanding the number of labels by two orders of magnitude. Our experiments show significant improvement in a sentence-level multi-class relation classifier.
description: In publication at the First Workshop on Fact Extraction and Verification (FeVer) at EMNLP 2018
Alcohol consumption and telomere length: Mendelian randomization clarifies alcohol's effects.
Creators: name: Topiwala, A
name: Taschler, B
name: Ebmeier, KP
name: Smith, S
name: Zhou, H
name: Levey, DF
name: Codd, V
name: Samani, NJ
name: Gelernter, J
name: Nichols, TE
name: Burgess, S
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Humans
Mendelian Randomization Analysis
Genome-Wide Association Study
Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
Alcohol Drinking
Ethanol
Telomere

description: Funder: UK Medical Research Council (G1001354 & MR/K013351/1) European Commission (Horizon 2020 732592)
description: Funder: Wellcome Trust WIN
description: Funder: US Department of Veterans Affairs (I01CX001849)
description: Funder: Li Ka Shing Centre for Health Information and Discovery Wellcome Trust 100309/Z/12/Z
description: Funder: National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre Sir Henry Dale Fellowship jointly funded by the Wellcome Trust and the Royal Society (204623/Z/16/Z)
description: Funder: Leicester Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Centre
description: Alcohol's impact on telomere length, a proposed marker of biological aging, is unclear. We performed the largest observational study to date (in n = 245,354 UK Biobank participants) and compared findings with Mendelian randomization (MR) estimates. Two-sample MR used data from 472,174 participants in a recent genome-wide association study (GWAS) of telomere length. Genetic variants were selected on the basis of associations with alcohol consumption (n = 941,280) and alcohol use disorder (AUD) (n = 57,564 cases). Non-linear MR employed UK Biobank individual data. MR analyses suggested a causal relationship between alcohol traits, more strongly for AUD, and telomere length. Higher genetically-predicted AUD (inverse variance-weighted (IVW) β = -0.06, 95% confidence interval (CI): -0.10 to -0.02, p = 0.001) was associated with shorter telomere length. There was a weaker association with genetically-predicted alcoholic drinks weekly (IVW β = -0.07, CI: -0.14 to -0.01, p = 0.03). Results were consistent across methods and independent from smoking. Non-linear analyses indicated a potential threshold relationship between alcohol and telomere length. Our findings indicate that alcohol consumption may shorten telomere length. There are implications for age-related diseases.
Religionen in Südasien VII: Die Thomaschristen aus „Malabar“
Creators: name: Findeis, Annakutty Valiamangalam Kurian
Publisher: name: Südasien
Year: 2022

description: Das Christentum besteht nicht nur aus Katholiken, Protestanten und Orthodoxen der westlichen Hemisphäre. Lange bevor Vasco da Gama den direkten Seeweg nach Indien entdeckte (1498), hatten sich indigene christliche Gemeinden in Indien etabliert. Bis heute gibt es ein vielgestaltiges, lebendiges Erbe der Thomas-Tradition: die so genannten Thomaschristen bzw. Syrischen Christen an der Westküste Indiens (Kerala). Sie bildeten und bilden ein wichtiges Element des indischen Christentums und der indischen Religionspluralität. Im 21. Jahrhundert sind sie nicht nur in Kerala präsent. Die migrationsmutigen Thomaschristen finden wir in praktisch allen Regionen innerhalb Indiens und der Welt.
description: Südasien, Bd. 27 Nr. 3 (2007): Identität und Geschichte
title: Übersetzung in Englisch: Koronare Herzkrankheit. Koronare Herzkrankheit - Was ist das?
Creators: name: Ärztliches Zentrum Für Qualität In Der Medizin (ÄZQ)
Publisher: name: Bundesärztekammer (BÄK); Kassenärztliche Bundesvereinigung (KBV); Ärztliches Zentrum für Qualität in der Medizin (ÄZQ)
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Kurzinformation für Patienten
Gender-Based Power and Couples’ HIV Risk in Uttar Pradesh and Uttarakhand, North India
Creators: name: Agrawal, Alpna
name: Angeles, Gustavo
name: Bloom, Shelah S.
name: Curtis, Siân
name: Suchindran, Chirayath
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Gender inequality is a long-recognized driver of the HIV epidemic. However, few studies have investigated the association between gender-based power and HIV risk in India, which has the world's third largest HIV epidemic.
Empirical Methodology for Crowdsourcing Ground Truth
Creators: name: Dumitrache, Anca
name: Inel, Oana
name: Timmermans, Benjamin
name: Ortiz, Carlos
name: Sips, Robert-Jan
name: Aroyo, Lora
name: Welty, Chris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The process of gathering ground truth data through human annotation is a major bottleneck in the use of information extraction methods for populating the Semantic Web. Crowdsourcing-based approaches are gaining popularity in the attempt to solve the issues related to volume of data and lack of annotators. Typically these practices use inter-annotator agreement as a measure of quality. However, in many domains, such as event detection, there is ambiguity in the data, as well as a multitude of perspectives of the information examples. We present an empirically derived methodology for efficiently gathering of ground truth data in a diverse set of use cases covering a variety of domains and annotation tasks. Central to our approach is the use of CrowdTruth metrics that capture inter-annotator disagreement. We show that measuring disagreement is essential for acquiring a high quality ground truth. We achieve this by comparing the quality of the data aggregated with CrowdTruth metrics with majority vote, over a set of diverse crowdsourcing tasks: Medical Relation Extraction, Twitter Event Identification, News Event Extraction and Sound Interpretation. We also show that an increased number of crowd workers leads to growth and stabilization in the quality of annotations, going against the usual practice of employing a small number of annotators.
description: in publication at the Semantic Web Journal
Label-Free Characterization of Macrophage Polarization Using Raman Spectroscopy
Creators: name: Naumann, Max
name: Arend, Natalie
name: Guliev, Rustam R.
name: Kretzer, Christian
name: Rubio, Ignacio
name: Werz, Oliver
name: Neugebauer, Ute
Publisher: name: Basel : Molecular Diversity Preservation International (MDPI)
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: chemometric unmixing
subject: macrophage phenotype
subject: principal component analysis and linear discriminant analysis (PCA-LDA)
subject: Raman spectroscopic imaging
subject: 570
subject: 540

description: Macrophages are important cells of the innate immune system that play many different roles in host defense, a fact that is reflected by their polarization into many distinct subtypes. Depending on their function and phenotype, macrophages can be grossly classified into classically activated macrophages (pro-inflammatory M1 cells), alternatively activated macrophages (anti-inflammatory M2 cells), and non-activated cells (resting M0 cells). A fast, label-free and non-destructive characterization of macrophage phenotypes could be of importance for studying the contribution of the various subtypes to numerous pathologies. In this work, single cell Raman spectroscopic imaging was applied to visualize the characteristic phenotype as well as to discriminate between different human macrophage phenotypes without any label and in a non-destructive manner. Macrophages were derived by differentiation of peripheral blood monocytes of human healthy donors and differently treated to yield M0, M1 and M2 phenotypes, as confirmed by marker analysis using flow cytometry and fluorescence imaging. Raman images of chemically fixed cells of those three macrophage phenotypes were processed using chemometric methods of unmixing (N-FINDR) and discrimination (PCA-LDA). The discrimination models were validated using leave-one donor-out cross-validation. The results show that Raman imaging is able to discriminate between pro- and anti-inflammatory macrophage phenotypes with high accuracy in a non-invasive, non-destructive and label-free manner. The spectral differences observed can be explained by the biochemical characteristics of the different phenotypes.
Wie oft wird Plassey noch geschlagen?
Creators: name: Golzio, Karl-Heinz
Publisher: name: Südasien
Year: 2022

description: Am 23. Juni 1757, dem 5. Shawwal des Hijra-Jahres 1170, besiegte eine Armee des East India Company unter Führung eines ihrer Angestellten, Robert Clive, das Heer des Nawabs von Bengalen, Siraj ud-Daula, bei dem kleinen bengalischen Ort Pilasi („Plassey“) und ersetzte diesen durch Mir Jafar, den Oberbefehlshaber eben dieses Nawab, der aber im heimlichen Einvernehmen mit Clive war. Die Schlacht von Plassey gilt als Gründungsdatum der großräumigen territorialen Ausbreitung der Herrschaft der East India Company, Mir Jafar wurde in der indischen nationalistischen Geschichtsschreibung zum Prototyp des Vaterlandsverräters. Beide weit verbreitete Annahmen gilt es zu relativieren.
description: Südasien, Bd. 27 Nr. 3 (2007): Identität und Geschichte
Typology of diversification experiences with description of driving factors to support crop diversification - Deliverable 1.1
Creators: name: Drexler, Dóra
name: Jung, Timea
name: Mertens, Cordula
name: Vanwindekens, Frédéric
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Crop diversification

description: The EU Horizon 2020 project DiverIMPACTS aims to promote the realisation of the full potential of crop diversification through rotation, multicropping and intercropping by demonstrating technical, economic and environmental benefits for famers, along the value chain and for society at large, and by providing innovations that can remove existing barriers and lock-ins of practical diffusion. DiverIMPACTS does so by combining findings from several participatory case studies with a set of field experiments across Europe, and translating these into strategies, recommendations and fit-for-purpose tools developed with and for farmers, advisors and other actors along the value chain. To first gain a good overview of the current situation, i.e. the existing success stories and challenges of crop diversification in Europe, Work Package 1 (WP 1) aims to identify and analyse factors of success and failure associated with a variety of crop diversification experiences (CDEs) outside those already represented in the consortium. WP 1 will thus make sure that the rich experience with crop diversification initiatives across Europe (e.g. from other Horizon 2020 projects) is taken into account for developing strategies, recommendations and tools. To collate and characterise these CDEs a survey on diversification experiences was performed in the participating and other European countries, such as Denmark and Spain. This task (T1.1) provides i) a list of key drivers (ex ante occurrence of market opportunities, environmental constraints, availability of enabling advisory services, land and workforce availability etc.) to be further considered in WP3, and WP5; and ii) a comprehensive and exhaustive description of the links between key factors and CDE types. This analysis will be the basis for consolidating or updating the tentative typology of crop diversification situations used for setting up DiverIMPACTS (case studies), and selecting experiences for more detailed investigations. It will also complement the identification and characterisation of lock-ins and barriers to crop diversification that will be further addressed in DiverIMPACTS. Based on this survey, most relevant CDEs will be selected for further analysis through open-interviews that are foreseen in the second year of DiverIMPACTS. Finally, the online survey remains active as communication on this first report is likely to trigger interest and help identify additional experiences. The maintenance of a database updating this survey on a regular basis is b eing considered by the consortium.
Relationship Characteristics and Contraceptive Use Among Couples in Urban Kenya
Creators: name: Irani, Laili
name: Speizer, Ilene S.
name: Fotso, Jean-Christophe
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Few studies have used couple data to identify individual- and relationship-level characteristics that affect contraceptive use in urban areas. Using matched couple data from urban Kenya collected in 2010, this study determines the association between relationship-level characteristics (desire for another child, communication about desired number of children and FP use) and contraceptive use and intention to use among non-users.
General Treatment of Reflection of Spherical Electromagnetic Waves from a Spherical Surface and its Implications for the ANITA Anomalous Polarity Events
Creators: name: Dasgupta, Paramita
name: Jain, Pankaj
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a general formalism to treat reflection of spherical electromagnetic waves from a spherical surface. Our main objective is interpretation of radio wave signals produced by cosmic ray interactions with Earth's atmosphere which are observed by the Antarctica based ANITA detector after reflection off the ice surface. The incident wave is decomposed into plane waves and each plane wave is reflected off the surface using the standard Fresnel formalism. For each plane wave the reflected wave is assumed to be locally a plane wave. This is a very reasonable assumption and there are no uncontrolled approximations in our treatment of the reflection phenomenon. The surface roughness effects are also included by using a simple model. We apply our formalism to the radiation produced by the balloon-borne HiCal radio-frequency (RF) transmitter. Our final results for the reflected power are found to be in good agreement with data for all elevation angles. We also study the properties of reflected radio pulses in order to study their phase relationship with direct pulses. We find that for some roughness models the pulse shape can be somewhat distorted and may be misidentified as a direct pulse. However this is a rather small effect and is unable to provide an explanation for the observed mystery events by ANITA.
description: 26 pages, 7 figures, substantial revisions
title: Übersetzung in Arabisch: Koronare Herzkrankheit. Koronare Herzkrankheit - Was ist das?
Creators: name: Ärztliches Zentrum Für Qualität In Der Medizin (ÄZQ)
Publisher: name: Bundesärztekammer (BÄK); Kassenärztliche Bundesvereinigung (KBV); Ärztliches Zentrum für Qualität in der Medizin (ÄZQ)
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Kurzinformation für Patienten
On a generalization of the Jensen-Shannon divergence and the JS-symmetrization of distances relying on abstract means
Creators: name: Nielsen, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The Jensen-Shannon divergence is a renown bounded symmetrization of the unbounded Kullback-Leibler divergence which measures the total Kullback-Leibler divergence to the average mixture distribution. However the Jensen-Shannon divergence between Gaussian distributions is not available in closed-form. To bypass this problem, we present a generalization of the Jensen-Shannon (JS) divergence using abstract means which yields closed-form expressions when the mean is chosen according to the parametric family of distributions. More generally, we define the JS-symmetrizations of any distance using generalized statistical mixtures derived from abstract means. In particular, we first show that the geometric mean is well-suited for exponential families, and report two closed-form formula for (i) the geometric Jensen-Shannon divergence between probability densities of the same exponential family, and (ii) the geometric JS-symmetrization of the reverse Kullback-Leibler divergence. As a second illustrating example, we show that the harmonic mean is well-suited for the scale Cauchy distributions, and report a closed-form formula for the harmonic Jensen-Shannon divergence between scale Cauchy distributions. We also define generalized Jensen-Shannon divergences between matrices (e.g., quantum Jensen-Shannon divergences) and consider clustering with respect to these novel Jensen-Shannon divergences.
description: 33 pages
Akbars „Gottesreligion“ – Mythos oder Wahrheit?
Creators: name: Conermann, Stephan
Publisher: name: Südasien
Year: 2022

description: Irgendwie haben wir ein Problem mit dem Mogulherrscher Akbar (reg. 1556 -1605). Gemeinhin gilt Akbar als der bedeutendste muslimische Machthaber auf dem indischen Subkontinent, dem es nicht nur gelang, ein grandioses Verwaltungssystem zu etablieren, eine große Zahl erfolgreicher Feldzüge durchzuführen und eine neue Hauptstadt bauen zu lassen, sondern der darüber hinaus auch eine neue, nunmehr gesamtindische Religion kreieren und etablieren wollte. Gerade der letzte Punkt ist allerdings, wenn man sich die persischen Quellen genau ansieht, nicht unumstritten.
description: Südasien, Bd. 27 Nr. 3 (2007): Identität und Geschichte
Survey of Research Infrastructures on impact assessment practices
Creators: name: Gelsomina Catalano, Silvia Vignetti
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018

description: This report contains findings emerging from an online survey to research infrastructures (RIs) managers. The survey was specifically addressed to collect evidence on the experience of RIs in carrying out/being involved in socio-economic impact assessment as well as on the practices and the approaches used by RIs for data collection and monitoring. It also addressed the main challenges faced. Overall 191 valid and complete responses were collected and processed. These results contributed to the development of a conceptual framework for the Impact Assessment model (Deliverable 3.2).
Exponential mixing under controllability conditions for SDEs driven by a degenerate Poisson noise
Creators: name: Nersesyan, Vahagn
name: Raquépas, Renaud
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60H10, 37A25, 93B05

description: We prove existence and uniqueness of the invariant measure and exponential mixing in the total-variation norm for a class of stochastic differential equations driven by degenerate compound Poisson processes. In addition to mild assumptions on the distribution of the jumps for the driving process, the hypotheses for our main result are that the corresponding control system is dissipative, approximately controllable and solidly controllable. The solid controllability assumption is weaker than the well-known parabolic Hörmander condition and is only required from a single point to which the system is approximately controllable. Our analysis applies to Galerkin projections of stochastically forced parabolic partial differential equations with asymptotically polynomial nonlinearities and to networks of quasi-harmonic oscillators connected to different Poissonian baths.
Do Adolescents and Parents Reconstruct Memories About Their Conflict as a Function of Adolescent Attachment?
Creators: name: Dykas, Matthew J.
name: Woodhouse, Susan S.
name: Ehrlich, Katherine B.
name: Cassidy, Jude
Publisher: name: Wiley
Year: 2010

description: This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Dykas, M.J., Woodhouse, S.S., Ehrlich, K.B. and Cassidy, J. (2010), Do Adolescents and Parents Reconstruct Memories About Their Conflict as a Function of Adolescent Attachment?. Child Development, 81: 1445-1459., which has been published in final form at https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8624.2010.01484.x . This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Use of Self-Archived Versions. This article may not be enhanced, enriched or otherwise transformed into a derivative work, without express permission from Wiley or by statutory rights under applicable legislation. Copyright notices must not be removed, obscured or modified. The article must be linked to Wiley’s version of record on Wiley Online Library and any embedding, framing or otherwise making available the article or pages thereof by third parties from platforms, services and websites other than Wiley Online Library must be prohibited.
description: This study examined whether 17-year-old adolescents (n = 189) and their parents reconstructed their memory for an adolescent–parent laboratory conflict over a 6-week period as a function of adolescent attachment organization. It also compared participants’ perceptions of conflict over time to observational ratings of the conflict to further characterize the nature of the attachment-related memory biases that emerged. Secure adolescents reconstructed interactions with each parent more favorably over time, whereas insecure adolescents showed less favorable reconstructive memory. Likewise, mothers of secure girls reconstructed conflicts more favorably over time, whereas mothers of insecure boys showed less favorable reconstructive memory. Participant ratings were associated with observational ratings in theoretically consistent ways. Contrary to expectations, fathers showed no attachment-related memory biases.
Belief in Family Planning Myths at the Individual And Community Levels and Modern Contraceptive Use in Urban Africa
Creators: name: Corroon, Meghan
name: Okigbo, Chinelo C.
name: Speizer, Ilene S.
name: Gueye, Abdou
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Negative myths and misconceptions about family planning are a barrier to modern contraceptive use. Most research on the subject has focused on individual beliefs about contraception; however, given that myths spread easily within communities, it is also important to examine how the prevalence of negative myths in a community affects the aggregate level of method use.
Delayed Fertility Transition among Indigenous Women: A Case Study in the Ecuadoran Amazon
Creators: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Communities indigenous to the Amazon are among the few remaining worldwide still practicing near natural fertility, without the use of modern contraceptives. Given the large proportion of women desiring no more births, information on the challenges women there face in limiting fertility would be useful.
indische Unabhängigkeit und ihr Krieg
Creators: name: Gottlob, Michael
Publisher: name: Südasien
Year: 2022

description: Wenn Indien in diesem Jahr seinen 60. Unabhängigkeitstag feiert, dann ist vor allem an die Aktionen des gewaltlosen Widerstands zu erinnern, mit denen Mahatma Gandhi und seine Landsleute die Befreiung vom Kolonialismus erstritten. Nicht nur die Vorreiterrolle Indiens für die Dekolonisierung in Asien und Afrika, auch die hierbei entwickelten Formen der politischen Mobilisierung machen den indischen Freiheitskampf zu einem welthistorischen Ereignis ersten Ranges. Dabei ist nicht zu vergessen – schon um der Einzigartigkeit von Gandhis „Experimenten mit der Wahrheit“ als Methode der Selbstbehauptung gerecht zu werden –, dass es auch Versuche der Inder gegeben hat, sich mit Waffengewalt der Fremdherrschaft zu entledigen. Der bedeutendste war der Aufstand von 185 7/58 , auch Sepoy-Meuterei (nach sipahi, Hindi, für Soldat), Große Rebellion oder Erster Indischer Unabhängigkeitskrieg genannt. Schon die Vielzahl der Namen zeugt von der Umstrittenheit der Erinnerung.
description: Südasien, Bd. 27 Nr. 3 (2007): Identität und Geschichte
Quality of Care and Contraceptive Use in Urban Kenya
Creators: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Family planning is highly beneficial to women’s overall health, morbidity, and mortality, particularly in developing countries. Yet, in much of sub-Saharan Africa, contraceptive prevalence remains low while unmet need for family planning remains high. It has been frequently hypothesized that the poor quality of family planning service provision in many low-income settings acts as a barrier to optimal rates of contraceptive use but this association has not been rigorously tested.
Local non-Bayesian social learning with stubborn agents
Creators: name: Vial, Daniel
name: Subramanian, Vijay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We study a social learning model in which agents iteratively update their beliefs about the true state of the world using private signals and the beliefs of other agents in a non-Bayesian manner. Some agents are stubborn, meaning they attempt to convince others of an erroneous true state (modeling fake news). We show that while agents learn the true state on short timescales, they "forget" it and believe the erroneous state to be true on longer timescales. Using these results, we devise strategies for seeding stubborn agents so as to disrupt learning, which outperform intuitive heuristics and give novel insights regarding vulnerabilities in social learning.
Nationalismus in Indien
Creators: name: Rothermund, Dietmar
Publisher: name: Südasien
Year: 2022

description: Indien ist erst in neuerer Zeit ein territorialer Nationalstaat geworden, der genau definierte Grenzen hat und seine territoriale Souveränität verteidigt. Die Vorstellung von einer begrenzten Territorialität gab es früher in Indien nicht. Der Himalaya im Norden und der Ozean im Süden, Westen und Osten erschienen denen, die dort lebten, als „natürliche“ Grenzen. Die Menschen im Gebirge sahen freilich den Himalaya nie als Grenze, sondern als einen Lebensraum, den sie oft durchquerten. Für die Menschen an den Küsten des Ozeans war auch dieser meist ein Lebensraum, denn sie nahmen seit alter Zeit aktiv am Seehandel teil. Das orthodoxe Vorurteil, dass man das „schwarze Wasser“ (kala pani) meiden müsse, entstand erst in einer Zeit als Indien introvertierter wurde und defensiv reagierte.
description: Südasien, Bd. 27 Nr. 3 (2007): Identität und Geschichte
UniquID: A Quest to Reconcile Identity Access Management and the Internet of Things
Creators: name: Giaretta, Alberto
name: Pepe, Stefano
name: Dragoni, Nicola
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The Internet of Things (IoT) has caused a revolutionary paradigm shift in computer networking. After decades of human-centered routines, where devices were merely tools that enabled human beings to authenticate themselves and perform activities, we are now dealing with a device-centered paradigm: the devices themselves are actors, not just tools for people. Conventional identity access management (IAM) frameworks were not designed to handle the challenges of IoT. Trying to use traditional IAM systems to reconcile heterogeneous devices and complex federations of online services (e.g., IoT sensors and cloud computing solutions) adds a cumbersome architectural layer that can become hard to maintain and act as a single point of failure. In this paper, we propose UniquID, a blockchain-based solution that overcomes the need for centralized IAM architectures while providing scalability and robustness. We also present the experimental results of a proof-of-concept UniquID enrolment network, and we discuss two different use-cases that show the considerable value of a blockchain-based IAM.
description: 15 pages, 10 figures
Recollements, comma categories and morphic enhancements
Creators: name: Chen, Xiao-Wu
name: Le, Jue
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: For each recollement of triangulated categories, there is an epivalence between the middle category and the comma category associated to a triangle functor from the category on the right to the category on the left. For a morphic enhancement of a triangulated category $\mathcal{T}$, there are three explicit ideals of the enhancing category, whose corresponding factor categories are all equivalent to the module category over $\mathcal{T}$. Examples related to inflation categories and weighted projective lines are discussed.
description: all comments are welcome!
Ende einer Ära?
Creators: name: Bärthlein, Thomas
Publisher: name: Südasien
Year: 2022

description: Seit acht Jahren regiert General Pervez Musharraf Pakistan. Zurzeit steckt er in der wohl schwersten Krise seit seinem Putsch. Nach der Suspendierung des Obersten Richters Iftikhar Choudhary am 9. März wollen die Proteste nicht aufhören. Wie sich Anwälte, Medien, Opposition und Zivilgesellschaft in Pakistan für rechtsstaatliche Prinzipien einsetzen, ist beeindruckend und verdient mehr Sympathie im Ausland.
description: Südasien, Bd. 27 Nr. 3 (2007): Identität und Geschichte
Locally Heavy Hyperplanes in Multiarrangements
Creators: name: Abe, Takuro
name: Kühne, Lukas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 32S22

description: Hyperplane Arrangements of rank $3$ admitting an unbalanced Ziegler restriction are known to fulfill Terao's conjecture. This long-standing conjecture asks whether the freeness of an arrangement is determined by its combinatorics. In this note, we prove that arrangements that admit a locally heavy flag satisfy Terao's conjecture which is a generalization of the statement above to arbitrary dimension. To this end, we extend results characterizing the freeness of multiarrangements with a heavy hyperplane to those satisfying the weaker notion of a locally heavy hyperplane. As a corollary, we give a new proof that irreducible arrangements with a generic hyperplane are totally non-free. In another application, we show that an irreducible multiarrangement of rank $3$ with at least two locally heavy hyperplanes is not free.
description: 16 pages, 1 figure. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1603.05803
A numerical scheme for stochastic differential equations with distributional drift
Creators: name: De Angelis, Tiziano
name: Germain, Maximilien
name: Issoglio, Elena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65C30 (Primary), 60H35, 65C20, 46F99 (Secondary)

description: In this paper we present a scheme for the numerical solution of one-dimensional stochastic differential equations (SDEs) whose drift belongs to a fractional Sobolev space of negative regularity (a subspace of Schwartz distributions). We obtain a rate of convergence in a suitable $L^1$-norm and we implement the scheme numerically. To the best of our knowledge this is the first paper to study (and implement) numerical solutions of SDEs whose drift lives in a space of distributions. As a byproduct we also obtain an estimate of the convergence rate for a numerical scheme applied to SDEs with drift in $L^p$-spaces with $p\in(1,\infty)$.
description: 34 pages, 2 figures
Acoustic modes in He I and He II in the presence of an alternating electric field
Creators: name: Tomchenko, Maksim D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By solving the equations of ordinary and two-fluid hydrodynamics, we study the oscillatory modes in isotropic nonpolar dielectrics He I and He II in the presence of an alternating electric field $\textbf{E}=E_{0}\textbf{i}_{z}\sin{(k_{0}z-ω_{0} t)}$. The electric field and oscillations of the density become ``coupled,'' since the density gradient causes a spontaneous polarization $\textbf{P}_{s}$, and the electric force contains the term $(\textbf{P}_{s}\nabla)\textbf{E}$. The analysis shows that the field $\textbf{E}$ changes the velocities of first and second sounds, propagating along $\textbf{E}$, by the formula $u_{j}\approx c_{j}+χ_{j} E_{0}^{2}$ (where $j=1, 2$; $c_{j}$ is the velocity of the $j$-th sound for $E_{0}=0$, and $χ_{j}$ is a constant). We have found that the field $\textbf{E}$ jointly with a wave of the first (second) sound $(ω,k)$ should create in He II hybrid acousto-electric (thermo-electric) density waves $(ω+ l ω_{0},k + lk_{0})$, where $l=\pm 1, \pm 2, \ldots$. The amplitudes of acousto-electric waves and the quantity $|u_{1}-c_{1}|$ are negligibly small, but they should increase in the resonance way at definite $ω$ and $ω_{0}$. Apparently, the first resonance corresponds to the decay of a photon into two phonons with the transfer of a momentum to the whole liquid. Therefore, the spectrum of an electromagnetic signal should contain a narrow absorption line like that in the Mössbauer effect.
description: 23 pages, 1 figure; v3: accepted version
Literature review on socio-economic impact assessment of Research Infrastructures
Creators: name: Francesco Giffoni, Torben Schubert
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: This report contains a critical literature review of the most common methodologies currently employed for the socio-economic impact assessment (IA) of research infrastructures (RIs). The review is intended to pave the way for the development of a conceptual framework IA model. There are a wide array of existing approaches and methods to assess the socio-economic impact of RI. While the majority of the reviewed approaches cover the main expected socio-economic impacts of RIs, such as the production of knowledge, human capital accumulation, increased innovation, productivity or effects on GDP, they differ in the way such impacts are measured, treated, and aggregated. Moreover, some of the reviewed methods are complementary, some are substitutes; some have broad applicability, while others are quite narrow in their scope and potential informative power. The review makes a systematic assessment based on six assessment criteria: reliability, validity, accuracy, cost/time needed, relevance for policy makers, relevance for RI managers. The review highlights that there is not a single methodological approach that can appropriately answer all the questions that a socio-economic IA addresses. Rather, a smart and rigorous combination of approaches can add value compared to existing methods.
The effect of service environment on demand and use of injectable contraceptives in Malawi
Creators: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Previous studies have identified positive relationships between geographic proximity to family planning services and contraceptive use but have not accounted for the effect of contraceptive supply reliability or the diminishing influence of facility access as distance increases.
Diffusive acceleration in relativistic shocks: particle feedback
Creators: name: Nagar, Yotam
name: Keshet, Uri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spectral index $s$ of particles diffusively accelerated in a relativistic shock depends on the unknown angular diffusion function $\mathcal{D}$, which itself depends on the particle distribution function $f$ if acceleration is efficient. We develop a relaxation code to compute $s$ and $f$ for an arbitrary functional $\mathcal{D}$ that depends on $f$. A local $\mathcal{D}(f)$ dependence is motivated and shown, when rising (falling) upstream, to soften (harden) $s$ with respect to the isotropic case, shift the angular distribution towards upstream (downstream) directions, and strengthen (weaken) the particle confinement to the shock; an opposite effect on $s$ is found downstream. However, variations in $s$ remain modest even when $\mathcal{D}$ is a strong function of $f$, so the standard, isotropic-diffusion results remain approximately applicable unless $\mathcal{D}$ is both highly anisotropic and not a local function of $f$. A mild, $\sim 0.1$ softening of $s$, in both 2D and 3D, when $\mathcal{D}(f)$ rises sufficiently fast, may be indicated by ab-initio simulations.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures, comments welcome
Representability of Matroids by c-Arrangements is Undecidable
Creators: name: Kühne, Lukas
name: Yashfe, Geva
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05B35, 52B40, 14N20, 52C35, 20F10, 03D40

description: For a natural number $c$, a $c$-arrangement is an arrangement of dimension $c$ subspaces satisfying the following condition: the sum of any subset of the subspaces has dimension a multiple of $c$. Matroids arising as normalized rank functions of $c$-arrangements are also known as multilinear matroids. We prove that it is algorithmically undecidable whether there exists a $c$ such that a given matroid has a $c$-arrangement representation, or equivalently whether the matroid is multilinear. It follows that certain network coding problems are also undecidable. In the proof, we introduce a generalized Dowling geometry to encode an instance of the uniform word problem for finite groups in matroids of rank three. The $c$-arrangement condition gives rise to some difficulties and their resolution is the main part of the paper.
description: Improved exposition and added application to network coding
Surfing along concentration filaments: sperm chemotaxis in physiological shear flows
Creators: name: Lange, Steffen
name: Friedrich, Benjamin M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many motile biological cells navigate along concentration gradients of signaling molecules: This chemotaxis guides for instance sperm cells from marine invertebrates, which have to find egg cells in the ocean. While chemotaxis has been intensively studied for idealized conditions of rotationally symmetric gradients in still water, natural gradients are usually distorted, e.g., by turbulent flows in the ocean. Recent experiments and direct numerical simulations with sperm cells and bacteria surprisingly suggest the existence of an optimal flow strength at which chemotaxis is more effective than for still water. We use sperm chemotaxis in simple shear flow as a prototypical example to understand the origin of such an optimal flow strength theoretically: We quantify how flow accelerates spreading of signaling molecules released by the egg, but distorts the resulting concentration field into long and thin filaments. The competition between these two effects sets an optimal flow strength that maximizes sperm-egg encounter. We characterize how sperm cells `surf' along concentration filaments, typical for scalar turbulence, revealing a general navigation paradigm in the presence of flow. We compare both simulation and theory with previous experimental results and find good agreement.
description: manuscript: 6 pages, 4 figures; SI: 11 pages, 8 figures
Investigating Physical and Chemical Interaction of Aspergillus terreus Spores for Changes in Morphology and Physiology
Creators: name: Merchant, Mahek
Publisher: name: University of Westminster
Year: 2020

description: It has been widely reported that in filamentous fungi, spore inoculum size affects culture morphology and secondary metabolite production. The reasons for this, however, have not been investigated thus far. There are two possible explanations as to why spore inoculum size affects fungal morphology, growth and productivity. Firstly, a quorum sensing phenomenon (QS). In this case, after population densities reach a certain threshold, signalling chemicals secreted into the environment effect expression of specific genes leading to a range of physiological responses. Secondly, due to physical spore-to-spore contact, communication may develop that could trigger a physical response, altering morphology and productivity. To explore these hypotheses, research was split into two parts: the first “supplementation”, the addition of known quorum sensing molecules butyrolactone I, tyrosol and farnesol, alongside other chemicals expressed in literature as having potential effects on the physiology and morphology of a microbial culture. Furthermore, supplements from Aspergillus terreus MUCL 38669 obtained from I) spore supernatant, II) concentrated spore supernatant via freeze drying (FDSS) and III) high spore culture supernatants from 72-hour liquid cultures, were added to various concentrations of A. terreus spore inocula. The second part investigated effects of physical contact between spores by increasing spore interactions through sonication of spore suspensions and also, altering the physical space in which spores are confined to during growth, thereby forcing spore to spore contact. Investigations showed behaviours similar to cultures affected by QS process. These included morphological changes and increased productivities. Additions of 0.01M farnesol to (low) spore inoculum concentrations of 1x103 spores/mL altered culture morphology to that seen of cultures of 1x107 spores/mL (high), lovastatin production also increased by 1208%. Similarly, the morphology of low spore cultures supplemented with FDSS were that of high spore cultures and lovastatin production increased by 67%. Sonication had no effect on cultures, however, confinement evoked changes in morphological characteristics and germination times of the culture.