cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Essays on hypothesis testing and optimization under uncertainty with applications to financial economics and taxation
Creators: name: Tejas, Tavish
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2022

description: The first essay of my dissertation addresses the quantification of probabilistic uncertainty. I develop a new statistical test that uses the Hellinger distance for distinguishing probability distributions based on data and I show that the errors of this test can be used to create a set of competing probability distributions that are difficult to separate from a benchmark distribution. The test does not require distributions to share the same support (mutual absolute continuity), and this allows a larger set of probabilistic specifications to impact economic decision making under uncertainty. I explore the connections between the Hellinger distance and the error probabilities of likelihood ratio tests by obtaining an equivalence between controlling the Hellinger distance and constraining the testing error. In addition, I show that the error probabilities of likelihood ratio tests decrease exponentially as the Hellinger distance between competing distributions increases by deriving a large deviation principle for locally asymptotically normal sequences of likelihood ratios. I also provide new interpretations of certain probability metrics and show that they can be used to quantify Arrow's measure of risk premium in economics and the market price of risk in finance. In the second essay of my dissertation, I extend the classical consumption-investment model in frictionless markets to accommodate incentives that exclude a fixed amount of capital gains from taxation. Such incentives are present around the world and limits on their use vary significantly across countries, within countries, and across various asset classes. The main result of my analysis is a characterization of consumption-investment decisions in the presence of these capital gains tax incentives. I expand the model by allowing uncertainty about tax rates to reflect the present condition of tax policy in the United States. I also examine the implications of increasing the limit on the use of such incentives and find that in some cases, doing so may result in decreasing investments or have no effect on consumption-investment decisions. As an application, I estimate the model parameters using United States housing market data and obtain results that may be of practical importance for policymakers.
The component structure of conformal supergravity invariants in six dimensions
Creators: name: Butter, Daniel
name: Novak, Joseph
name: Tartaglino-Mazzucchelli, Gabriele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the recent paper arXiv:1606.02921, the two invariant actions for 6D $N=(1,0)$ conformal supergravity were constructed in superspace, corresponding to the supersymmetrization of $C^3$ and $C\Box C$. In this paper, we provide the translation from superspace to the component formulation of superconformal tensor calculus, and we give the full component actions of these two invariants. As a second application, we build the component form for the supersymmetric $F\Box F$ action coupled to conformal supergravity. Exploiting the fact that the $N=(2,0)$ Weyl multiplet has a consistent truncation to $N=(1,0)$, we then verify that there is indeed only a single $N=(2,0)$ conformal supergravity invariant and reconstruct most of its bosonic terms by uplifting a certain linear combination of $N=(1,0)$ invariants.
description: 42 pages; supplementary file included in submission; v2: added references, corrected typos; v3: minor corrections, references added
Quasi-Einstein metrics on sphere bundles
Creators: name: Huang, Solomon
name: Murphy, Tommy
name: Phan, Thanh Nhan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C25

description: In this note we adapt the work of Hall to find quasi-Einstein metrics on sphere bundles over products of Fano Kaehler-Einstein manifolds, as well as bundles where only one end is blown down.
description: 8 pages, to appear in Involve
On the Tractability Landscape of the Conditional Minisum Approval Voting Rule
Creators: name: Amanatidis, Georgios
name: Lampis, Michael
name: Markakis, Evangelos
name: Papasotiropoulos, Georgios
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This work examines the Conditional Approval Framework for elections involving multiple interdependent issues, specifically focusing on the Conditional Minisum Approval Voting Rule. We first conduct a detailed analysis of the computational complexity of this rule, demonstrating that no approach can significantly outperform the brute-force algorithm under common computational complexity assumptions and various natural input restrictions. In response, we propose two practical restrictions (the first in the literature) that make the problem computationally tractable and show that these restrictions are essentially tight. Overall, this work provides a clear picture of the tractability landscape of the problem, contributing to a comprehensive understanding of the complications introduced by conditional ballots and indicating that conditional approval voting can be applied in practice, albeit under specific conditions.
description: published version--special issue on Economics and Computation ~ Information Processing Letters
Marketing Margins for Selected Dairy Products and Their Substitutes
Creators: name: Moede, Herbert H.
name: Moede, Herbert H.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1970
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Dairy substitutes
subject: dairy substitute ingredient costs
subject: milk and milk substitute marketing margins

description: Dairy products such as fluid milk, cream, sour cream, ice cream, and ice milk are being confronted with competition from substitute products. Generally, substitutes contain vegetable fat in place of milk fat in regular dairy products. Some substitutes do not contain any dairy ingredients. Prices and marketing margins for the substitutes are typically lower than those for the traditional dairy item. They tend to reflect the wide difference in the cost of milk fat as compared to the cost of vegetable fats.
description: Reprinted from the Marketing and Transportation Situation May 1970
Fermat-type configurations of lines in $\mathbb P^3$ and the containment problem
Creators: name: Malara, Grzegorz
name: Szpond, Justyna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14N20, 13F20, 13C05, 14N05

description: The purpose of this note is to show a new series of examples of homogeneous ideals $I$ in ${\mathbb K}[x,y,z,w]$ for which the containment $I^{(3)}\subset I^2$ fails. These ideals are supported on certain arrangements of lines in ${\mathbb P}^3$, which resemble Fermat configurations of points in ${\mathbb P}^2$, see \cite{NagSec16}. All examples exhibiting the failure of the containment $I^{(3)}\subseteq I^2$ constructed so far have been supported on points or cones over configurations of points. Apart of providing new counterexamples, these ideals seem quite interesting on their own.
description: 8 pages, typos corrected, accepted to appear
Spectroscopic observations of flares and superflares on AU Mic
Creators: name: Odert, P.
name: Leitzinger, M.
name: Greimel, R.
name: Kabáth, P.
name: Lipták, J.
name: Heinzel, P.
name: Karjalainen, R.
name: Wollmann, J.
name: Guenther, E. W.
name: Skarka, M.
name: Srba, J.
name: Škoda, P.
name: Frýda, J.
name: Brahm, R.
name: Vanzi, L.
name: Janík, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The young active flare star AU~Mic is the planet host star with the highest flare rate from TESS data. Therefore, it represents an ideal target for dedicated ground-based monitoring campaigns with the aim to characterize its numerous flares spectroscopically. We performed such spectroscopic monitoring with the ESO1.52m telescope of the PLATOSpec consortium. In more than 190 hours of observations, we find 24 flares suitable for detailed analysis. We compute their parameters (duration, peak flux, energy) in eight chromospheric lines (H$α$, H$β$, H$γ$, H$δ$, Na I D1&D2, He I D3, He I 6678) and investigate their relationships. Furthermore, we obtained simultaneous photometric observations and low-resolution spectroscopy for part of the spectroscopic runs. We detect one flare in the g'-band photometry which is associated with a spectroscopic flare. Additionally, an extreme flare event occurred on 2023-09-16 of which only a time around its possible peak was observed, during which chromospheric line fluxes were raised by up to a factor of three compared to the following night. The estimated energy of this event is around $10^{33}$ erg in H$α$ alone, i.e. a rare chromospheric line superflare.
description: 47 pages, 57 figures, 6 tables; MNRAS, accepted
Charge-noise induced dephasing in silicon hole-spin qubits
Creators: name: Malkoc, Ognjen
name: Stano, Peter
name: Loss, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate theoretically charge-noise induced spin dephasing of a hole confined in a quasi-two-dimensional silicon quantum dot. Central to our treatment is accounting for higher-order corrections to the Luttinger Hamiltonian. Using experimentally reported parameters, we find that the new terms give rise to sweet-spots for the hole-spin dephasing, which are sensitive to device details: dot size and asymmetry, growth direction, and applied magnetic and electric fields. Furthermore, we estimate that the dephasing time at the sweet-spots is boosted by several orders of magnitude, up to order of milliseconds.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures
Constraints on inflation revisited: An analysis including the latest local measurement of the Hubble constant
Creators: name: Guo, Rui-Yun
name: Zhang, Xin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit the constraints on inflation models by using the current cosmological observations involving the latest local measurement of the Hubble constant ($H_{0} = 73.00\pm 1.75$ km s $^{-1}$ Mpc$^{-1}$). We constrain the primordial power spectra of both scalar and tensor perturbations with the observational data including the Planck 2015 CMB full data, the BICEP2 and Keck Array CMB B-mode data, the BAO data, and the direct measurement of $H_0$. In order to relieve the tension between the local determination of the Hubble constant and the other astrophysical observations, we consider the additional parameter $N_{\rm eff}$ in the cosmological model. We find that, for the $Λ$CDM+$r$+$N_{\rm eff}$ model, the scale invariance is only excluded at the 3.3$σ$ level, and $ΔN_{\rm eff}>0$ is favored at the 1.6$σ$ level. Comparing the obtained 1$σ$ and 2$σ$ contours of $(n_s,r)$ with the theoretical predictions of selected inflation models, we find that both the convex and concave potentials are favored at 2$σ$ level, the natural inflation model is excluded at more than 2$σ$ level, the Starobinsky $R^2$ inflation model is only favored at around 2$σ$ level, and the spontaneously broken SUSY inflation model is now the most favored model.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures
Quark stars with 2.6 $M_\odot$ in a non-minimal geometry-matter coupling theory of gravity
Creators: name: Carvalho, G. A.
name: Lobato, R.
name: Moraes, P. H. R. S.
name: Deb, D.
name: Malheiro, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This work analyses the hydrostatic equilibrium configurations of strange stars in a non-minimal geometry-matter coupling (GMC) theory of gravity. Those stars are made of strange quark matter, whose distribution is governed by the MIT equation of state. The non-minimal GMC theory is described by the following gravitational action: $f(R,L)=R/2+L+σRL$, where $R$ represents the curvature scalar, $L$ is the matter Lagrangian density, and $σ$ is the coupling parameter. When considering this theory, the strange stars become larger and more massive. In particular, when $σ=50$ km$^2$, the theory can achieve the 2.6 $M_\odot$, which is suitable for describing the pulsars PSR J2215+5135 and PSR J1614-2230, and the mass of the secondary object in the GW190814 event. The 2.6 $M_\odot$ is a value hardly achievable in General Relativity even considering fast rotation effects, and is also compatible with the mass of PSR J0952-0607 ($M = 2.35 \pm 0.17 ~M_\odot$), the heaviest and fastest pulsar in the disk of the Milky Way, recently measured, supporting the possible existence of strange quark matter in its composition. The non-minimal GMC theory can also give feasible results to describe the macroscopical features of strange star candidates.
Tuning of gain layer doping concentration and Carbon implantation effect on deep gain layer
Creators: name: Mazza, S. M.
name: Gee, C.
name: Zhao, Y.
name: Padilla, R.
name: Ryan, E.
name: Tournebise, N.
name: Darby, B.
name: McKinney-Martinez, F.
name: Sadrozinski, H. F. -W.
name: Seiden, A.
name: Schumm, B.
name: Cindro, V.
name: Kramberger, G.
name: Mandić, I.
name: Mikuž, M.
name: Zavrtanik, M.
name: Arcidiacono, R.
name: Cartiglia, N.
name: Ferrero, M.
name: Mandurrino, M.
name: Sola, V.
name: Staiano, A.
name: Boscardin, M.
name: Della Betta, G. F.
name: Ficorella, F.
name: Pancheri, L.
name: Paternoster, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Next generation Low Gain Avalanche Diodes (LGAD) produced by Hamamatsu photonics (HPK) and Fondazione Bruno Kessler (FBK) were tested before and after irradiation with ~1MeV neutrons at the JSI facility in Ljubljana. Sensors were irradiated to a maximum 1-MeV equivalent fluence of 2.5E15 Neq/cm2. The sensors analysed in this paper are an improvement after the lessons learned from previous FBK and HPK productions that were already reported in precedent papers. The gain layer of HPK sensors was fine-tuned to optimize the performance before and after irradiation. FBK sensors instead combined the benefit of Carbon infusion and deep gain layer to further the radiation hardness of the sensors and reduced the bulk thickness to enhance the timing resolution. The sensor performance was measured in charge collection studies using \b{eta}-particles from a 90Sr source and in capacitance-voltage scans (C-V) to determine the bias to deplete the gain layer. The collected charge and the timing resolution were measured as a function of bias voltage at -30C. Finally a correlation is shown between the bias voltage to deplete the gain layer and the bias voltage needed to reach a certain amount of gain in the sensor. HPK sensors showed a better performance before irradiation while maintaining the radiation hardness of the previous production. FBK sensors showed exceptional radiation hardness allowing a collected charge up to 10 fC and a time resolution of 40 ps at the maximum fluence.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2004.05260
Stochastic asymptotical regularization for linear inverse problems
Creators: name: Zhang, Ye
name: Chen, Chuchu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We introduce Stochastic Asymptotical Regularization (SAR) methods for the uncertainty quantification of the stable approximate solution of ill-posed linear-operator equations, which are deterministic models for numerous inverse problems in science and engineering. We prove the regularizing properties of SAR with regard to mean-square convergence. We also show that SAR is an optimal-order regularization method for linear ill-posed problems provided that the terminating time of SAR is chosen according to the smoothness of the solution. This result is proven for both a priori and a posteriori stopping rules under general range-type source conditions. Furthermore, some converse results of SAR are verified. Two iterative schemes are developed for the numerical realization of SAR, and the convergence analyses of these two numerical schemes are also provided. A toy example and a real-world problem of biosensor tomography are studied to show the accuracy and the advantages of SAR: compared with the conventional deterministic regularization approaches for deterministic inverse problems, SAR can provide the uncertainty quantification of the quantity of interest, which can in turn be used to reveal and explicate the hidden information about real-world problems, usually obscured by the incomplete mathematical modeling and the ascendence of complex-structured noise.
Parasciadonus Nielsen 1984
Creators: name: Nielsen, Jørgen G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Ophidiiformes
Aphyonidae
Parasciadonus

description: Parasciadonus Nielsen, 1984
 Parasciadonus Nielsen, 1984: 39, type species by monotypy Parasciadonus brevibrachium Nielsen, 1984.
 Parasciadonus: Nielsen et al., 1999: 141; Nielsen, 2015: tab. 1.
 Diagnosis
 The present diagnosis differs somewhat from that in Nielsen et al. (1999: 141) as the former Parasciadonus pauciradiatus is now reassigned to the genus Meteoria. Body slender, caudal part less than one third of standard length. Skin loose, scaleless and transparent. Small eyes deep-set. Mouth horizontal with lower jaw distinctly protruding. Minute skinflaps (12-19) along lateral line on each side of body. Palatines edentate. Anterior gill arch with 15 rakers developed as minute tubercles and a few minute filaments. Vertical fins joined. Rays in dorsal fin 78, in caudal fin 7, in anal fin 48, in pectoral fin 20 and in pelvic fin 0. Pectoral peduncle short, as high as long. Precaudal vertebrae 50 and total vertebrae 85, vertebral centra rectangular in lateral view. Urogenital opening covered ventrally by genital hood.
 Comparisons Parasciadonus is most similar to Meteoria (see above).
description: Published as part of Nielsen, Jørgen G., 2016, Revision of the genera Meteoria and Parasciadonus (Bythitidae) with a new Atlantic, abyssal species of Meteoria, pp. 215-223 in Cybium 40 (3) on page 222, DOI: 10.26028/cybium/2016-403-004, http://zenodo.org/record/13490481
The concept of varifold
Creators: name: Menne, Ulrich
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 49Q15 (primary), 53A07 (secondary)

description: We survey - by means of 20 examples - the concept of varifold, as generalised submanifold, with emphasis on regularity of integral varifolds with mean curvature, while keeping prerequisites to a minimum. Integral varifolds are the natural language for studying the variational theory of the area integrand if one considers, for instance, existence or regularity of stationary (or, stable) surfaces of dimension at least three, or the limiting behaviour of sequences of smooth submanifolds under area and mean curvature bounds.
description: The present text is a version with additional references but without figures of a note compiled for the Notices of the American Mathematical Society. (v4: considerably expanded introduction, 6 pages)
Nucleon-Nucleon Short-Ranged Correlations, $β$ Decay and the Unitarity of the CKM Matrix
Creators: name: Condren, Levi
name: Miller, Gerald A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The influence of nucleon-nucleon short-ranged correlations (SRC) on nuclear super-allowed $β$ decay is examined. The need for this is driven by the observed depletion of spectroscopic strength obtained in studies of $(e,e')$ and $(d,^3{\rm He})$ reactions on a wide variety of nuclei. We show that the influence of SRC is model-dependent, but may be very substantial. The $^{46}$V nucleus is used as an example. The resulting impact on studies of the unitarity of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) matrix element is discussed.
description: 7 pages, 0 figures. Several improvements in this version
Characterizations of idempotent discrete uninorms
Creators: name: Couceiro, Miguel
name: Devillet, Jimmy
name: Marichal, Jean-Luc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 20M14

description: In this paper we provide an axiomatic characterization of the idempotent discrete uninorms by means of three conditions only: conservativeness, symmetry, and nondecreasing monotonicity. We also provide an alternative characterization involving the bisymmetry property. Finally, we provide a graphical characterization of these operations in terms of their contour plots, and we mention a few open questions for further research.
Concurrency-induced transitions in epidemic dynamics on temporal networks
Creators: name: Onaga, Tomokatsu
name: Gleeson, James P.
name: Masuda, Naoki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Social contact networks underlying epidemic processes in humans and animals are highly dynamic. The spreading of infections on such temporal networks can differ dramatically from spreading on static networks. We theoretically investigate the effects of concurrency, the number of neighbors that a node has at a given time point, on the epidemic threshold in the stochastic susceptible-infected-susceptible dynamics on temporal network models. We show that network dynamics can suppress epidemics (i.e., yield a higher epidemic threshold) when the nodes' concurrency is low, but can also enhance epidemics when the concurrency is high. We analytically determine different phases of this concurrency-induced transition, and confirm our results with numerical simulations.
description: 12 pages, 10 figures
Elliptic supersymmetric integrable model and multivariable elliptic functions
Creators: name: Motegi, Kohei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the elliptic integrable model introduced by Deguchi and Martin, which is an elliptic extension of the Perk-Schultz model. We introduce and study a class of partition functions of the elliptic model by using the Izergin-Korepin analysis. We show that the partition functions are expressed as a product of elliptic factors and elliptic Schur-type symmetric functions. This result resembles the recent works by number theorists in which the correspondence between the partition functions of trigonometric models and the product of the deformed Vandermonde determinant and Schur functions were established.
description: 27 pages, 9 figures
Expanding Einstein-Yang-Mills by Yang-Mills in CHY frame
Creators: name: Teng, Fei
name: Feng, Bo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the Cachazo-He-Yuan (CHY) formalism, we prove a recursive expansion of tree level single trace Einstein-Yang-Mills (EYM) amplitudes with arbitrary number of gluons and gravitons, which is valid for general spacetime dimensions and any helicity configurations. The recursion is written in terms of fewer-graviton EYM amplitudes and pure Yang-Mills (YM) amplitudes, which can be further carried out until we reach an expansion in terms of pure YM amplitudes in Kleiss-Kuijf (KK) basis. Our expansion then generates naturally a spanning tree structure rooted on gluons whose vertices are gravitons. We further propose a set of graph theoretical rules based on spanning trees that evaluate directly the pure YM expansion coefficients.
description: 36 pages, 3 captioned figures; v2: more details added, revised and published version
PANDA Barrel DIRC: From Design to Component Production
Creators: name: Schepers, G
name: Belias, A
name: Dzhygadlo, R
name: Gerhardt, A
name: Lehmann, D
name: Peters, K
name: Schwarz, C
name: Schwiening, J
name: Traxler, M
name: Schmitt, L
name: Böhm, M
name: Krauss, S
name: Lehmann, A
name: Miehling, D
name: Pfaffinger, M
name: Düren, M
name: Etzelmüller, E
name: Föhl, K
name: Hayrapetyan, A
name: Köseoglu, I
name: Schmidt, M
name: Wasem, T
name: Sfienti, C
name: Ali, A
name: Barnyakov, A
name: Beloborodov, K
name: Kononov, S
name: Kuyanov, I
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Excellent particle identification (PID) will be essential for the PANDA experiment at FAIR. The Barrel DIRC will separate kaons and pions with at least 3 s.d. for momenta up to 3.5 GeV/c and polar angles between 22 and 140 deg. After successful validation of the final design in the CERN PS/T9 beam line, the tendering process for the two most time- and cost-intensive items, radiator bars and MCP-PMTs, started in 2018. In Sep. 2019 Nikon was selected to build the fused silica bars and successfully completed the series production of 112 bars in Feb. 2021. Measurements of the mechanical quality of the bars were performed by Nikon and the optical quality was evaluated at GSI. In Dec. 2020, the contract for the fabrication of the MCP-PMTs was awarded to PHOTONIS and the delivery of the first-of-series MCP-PMTs is expected in July 2021. We present the design of the PANDA Barrel DIRC as well as the status of the component series production and the result of the quality assurance measurements.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures, TIPP2021 TRIUMF Vancouver, Canada
Achieving High Fidelity Single Qubit Gates in a Strongly Driven Silicon Quantum Dot Hybrid Qubit
Creators: name: Yang, Yuan-Chi
name: Coppersmith, S. N.
name: Friesen, Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Performing qubit gate operations as quickly as possible can be important to minimize the effects of decoherence. For resonant gates, this requires applying a strong ac drive. However, strong driving can present control challenges by causing leakage to levels that lie outside the qubit subspace. Strong driving can also present theoretical challenges because preferred tools such as the rotating wave approximation can break down, resulting in complex dynamics that are difficult to control. Here we analyze resonant $X$ rotations of a silicon quantum double dot hybrid qubit within a dressed-state formalism, obtaining results beyond the rotating wave approximation. We obtain analytic formulas for the optimum driving frequency and the Rabi frequency, which both are affected by strong driving. While the qubit states exhibit fast oscillations due to counter-rotating terms and leakage, we show that they can be suppressed to the point that gate fidelities above $99.99\%$ are possible, in the absence of decoherence. Hence decoherence mechanisms, rather than strong-driving effects, should represent the limiting factor for resonant-gate fidelities in quantum dot hybrid qubits.
Transformers and the representation of biomedical background knowledge
Creators: name: Wysocki, Oskar
name: Zhou, Zili
name: O'Regan, Paul
name: Ferreira, Deborah
name: Wysocka, Magdalena
name: Landers, Dónal
name: Freitas, André
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Specialised transformers-based models (such as BioBERT and BioMegatron) are adapted for the biomedical domain based on publicly available biomedical corpora. As such, they have the potential to encode large-scale biological knowledge. We investigate the encoding and representation of biological knowledge in these models, and its potential utility to support inference in cancer precision medicine - namely, the interpretation of the clinical significance of genomic alterations. We compare the performance of different transformer baselines; we use probing to determine the consistency of encodings for distinct entities; and we use clustering methods to compare and contrast the internal properties of the embeddings for genes, variants, drugs and diseases. We show that these models do indeed encode biological knowledge, although some of this is lost in fine-tuning for specific tasks. Finally, we analyse how the models behave with regard to biases and imbalances in the dataset.
description: 25 pages, 12 figures, supplementary methods, tables and figures at the end of the manuscript
Egocentric Hierarchical Visual Semantics
Creators: name: Erculiani, Luca
name: Bontempelli, Andrea
name: Passerini, Andrea
name: Giunchiglia, Fausto
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: artificial intelligence
visual semantics
interactive machine learning

description: Poster of the conference paper titled "Egocentric Hierarchical Visual Semantics" accepted at The second International Conference on Hybrid Human-Artificial Intelligence (HHAI 2023).
Eigenstates of two-level systems in a single-mode quantum field: from quantum Rabi model to $N$-atom Dicke model
Creators: name: Leonau, A. U.
name: San, N. Q.
name: Ulyanenkov, A. P.
name: Skoromnik, O. D.
name: Feranchuk, I. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the present paper we show that the Hamiltonian describing the resonant interaction of $N$ two-level systems with a single-mode electromagnetic quantum field in the Coulomb gauge can be diagonalized with a high degree of accuracy using a simple basis set of states. This allows one to find an analytical approximation for the eigenvectors and eigenvalues of the system, which interpolates the numerical solution in a broad range of the coupling constant values. In addition, the introduced basis states provide a regular way of calculating the corrections and estimating the convergence to the exact numerical solution. The obtained results are valid for both quantum Rabi model ($N = 1$) and the Dicke model for $N \geq 2$ atoms.
Effects of uniaxial pressure on the quantum tunneling of magnetization in a high-symmetry Mn12 single-molecule magnet
Creators: name: Atkinson, James H.
name: Fournet, Adeline D.
name: Bhaskaran, Lakshmi
name: Myasoedov, Yuri
name: Zeldov, Eli
name: del Barco, Enrique
name: Hill, Stephen
name: Christou, George
name: Friedman, Jonathan R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The symmetry of single-molecule magnets dictates their spin quantum dynamics, influencing how such systems relax via quantum tunneling of magnetization (QTM). By reducing a system's symmetry, through the application of a magnetic field or uniaxial pressure, these dynamics can be modified. We report measurements of the magnetization dynamics of a crystalline sample of the high-symmetry [Mn12O12(O2CMe)16(MeOH)4]MeOH single-molecule magnet as a function of uniaxial pressure applied either parallel or perpendicular to the sample's "easy" magnetization axis. At temperatures between 1.8 and 3.3 K, magnetic hysteresis loops exhibit the characteristic steplike features that signal the occurrence of QTM. After applying uniaxial pressure to the sample in situ, both the magnitude and field position of the QTM steps changed. The step magnitudes were observed to grow as a function of pressure in both arrangements of pressure, while pressure applied along (perpendicular to) the sample's easy axis caused the resonant-tunneling fields to increase (decrease). These observations were compared with simulations in which the system's Hamiltonian parameters were changed. From these comparisons, we determined that parallel pressure induces changes to the second-order axial anisotropy parameter as well as either the fourth-order axial or fourth-order transverse parameter, or to both. In addition, we find that pressure applied perpendicular to the easy axis induces a rhombic anisotropy E ~ D/2000 per kbar that can be understood as deriving from a symmetry-breaking distortion of the molecule.
description: 18 pages, 7 figures, version accepted by Phys. Rev. B
Grid functions of nonstandard analysis in the theory of distributions and in partial differential equations
Creators: name: Bottazzi, Emanuele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 26E35, 46F30

description: We introduce the space of grid functions, a space of generalized functions of nonstandard analysis that provides a coherent generalization both of the space of distributions and of the space of Young measures. We will show that in the space of grid functions it is possible to formulate problems from many areas of functional analysis in a way that coherently generalizes the standard approaches. As an example, we discuss some applications of grid functions to the calculus of variations and to the nonlinear theory of distributions. Applications to nonlinear partial differential equations will be discussed in a subsequent paper.
Absence of U(1) Anomalous Superamplitudes in $\mathcal{N}\geq 5$ Supergravities
Creators: name: Freedman, Daniel Z.
name: Kallosh, Renata
name: Murli, Divyanshu
name: Van Proeyen, Antoine
name: Yamada, Yusuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We list all potential candidates for U(1) anomalous non-local 1-loop 4-point amplitudes and higher loop UV divergences in $\mathcal{N}\geq 5$ supergravities. The relevant chiral superinvariants are constructed from linearized chiral superfields and define the corresponding superamplitudes. The anomalous amplitudes, of the kind present in $\mathcal{N}=4$, are shown to be absent in $\mathcal{N} \geq 5$. In $\mathcal{N}=6$ supergravity the result is deduced from the double-copy $\mathcal{N}=4_{YM} \times (\mathcal{N}=2)_{YM}$ model, whereas in $\mathcal{N}=5,8$ the result on absence of anomalous amplitudes is derived in supergravities as well as in the $(\mathcal{N}=4)_{YM} \times (\mathcal{N}-4)_{YM}$ double-copy models.
description: 32 pages, v2:typo corrected, reference added, v3:typos corrected
Isospin symmetry breaking in the charge radius difference of mirror nuclei
Creators: name: Naito, Tomoya
name: Roca-Maza, Xavier
name: Colò, Gianluca
name: Liang, Haozhao
name: Sagawa, Hiroyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Isospin symmetry breaking (ISB) effects in the charge radius difference $ΔR_{\rm ch}$ of mirror nuclei are studied using the test example of ${}^{48}$Ca and ${}^{48}$Ni. This choice allows for a transparent study of ISB contributions since paring and deformation effects, commonly required for the study of mirror nuclei, can be neglected in this specific pair. The connection of $ΔR_{\rm ch}$ with the nuclear Equation of State and the effect of ISB on such a relation are discussed according to an Energy Density Functional approach. We find that nuclear ISB effects may shift the estimated value for the symmetry energy slope parameter $L$ by more than 10 MeV while Coulomb corrections can be neglected. ISB effects on the ground-state energy and charge radii in mirror nuclei have been recently predicted by {\it ab initio} calculations to be relatively small, pointing to a negligible effect for the extraction of information on the nuclear EoS. These contrasting results call for a dedicated theoretical effort to solve this overarching problem that impacts not only the neutron skin thickness or the difference in mass and charge radii of mirror nuclei but also other observables such as the Isobaric Analog State energy.
description: Submitted for publication
Kagomé network of chiral miniband-edge states in double-aligned graphene-hexagonal boron nitride structures
Creators: name: Moulsdale, Christian
name: Knothe, Angelika
name: Fal'ko, Vladimir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Twistronic heterostructures have recently emerged as a new class of quantum electronic materials with properties determined by the twist angle between the adjacent two-dimensional materials. Here we study moiré superlattice minibands in graphene (G) encapsulated in hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) with an almost perfect alignment with both the top and bottom hBN crystals. We show that, for such an orientation of the unit cells of the hBN layers that locally breaks inversion symmetry of the graphene lattice, the hBN/G/hBN structure features a Kagomé network of topologically protected chiral states with energies near the miniband edge, propagating along the lines separating the areas with different miniband Chern numbers.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures (Supplemental Material: 7 pages, 5 figures, 1 table)
Disentangling magnetic order on nanostructured surfaces
Creators: name: Erb, Denise
name: Schlage, Kai
name: Bocklage, Lars
name: Hübner, René
name: Merkel, Daniel Geza
name: Rüffer, Rudolf
name: Wille, Hans-Christian
name: Röhlsberger, Ralf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a synchrotron-based X-ray scattering technique which allows disentangling magnetic properties of heterogeneous systems with nanopatterned surfaces. This technique combines the nmrange spatial resolution of surface morphology features provided by Grazing Incidence Small Angle X-ray Scattering and the high sensitivity of Nuclear Resonant Scattering to magnetic order. A single experiment thus allows attributing magnetic properties to structural features of the sample; chemical and structural properties may be correlated analogously. We demonstrate how this technique shows the correlation between structural growth and evolution of magnetic properties for the case of a remarkable magnetization reversal in a structurally and magnetically nanopatterned sample system.
Towards optical toroidal wavepacket through tightly focusing of cylindrical vector two dimensional spatiotemporal optical vortex
Creators: name: Chen, Jian
name: Zheng, Pengkun
name: Wan, Chenhao
name: Zhan, Qiwen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spatiotemporal optical vortices (STOVs) carrying transverse orbital angular momentum (OAM) are of rapidly growing interest for the field of optics due to the new degree of freedom that can be exploited. In this paper, we propose cylindrical vector two dimensional STOVs (2D-STOVs) containing two orthogonal transverse OAMs in both x-t and y-t planes for the first time, and investigate the tightly focusing of such fields using the Richards-Wolf vectorial diffraction theory. Highly confined spatiotemporal wavepackets with polarization structure akin to toroidal topology is generated, whose spatiotemporal intensity distributions resemble the shape of Yo-Yo balls. Highly focused radially polarized 2D-STOVs will produce wavepackets towards transverse magnetic toroidal topology, while the focused azimuthally polarized 2D-STOVs will give rise to wavepackets towards transverse electric toroidal topology. The presented method may pave a way to experimentally generate the optical toroidal wavepackets in a controllable way, with potential applications in electron acceleration, photonics, energy, transient light-matter interaction, spectroscopy, quantum information processing, etc.
Floquet Dynamics of Boundary-Driven Systems at Criticality
Creators: name: Berdanier, William
name: Kolodrubetz, Michael
name: Vasseur, Romain
name: Moore, Joel E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A quantum critical system described at low energy by a conformal field theory (CFT) and subjected to a time-periodic boundary drive displays multiple dynamical regimes depending on the drive frequency. We compute the behavior of quantities including the entanglement entropy and Loschmidt echo, confirming analytic predictions from field theory by exact numerics on the transverse field Ising model, and demonstrate universality by adding non-integrable perturbations. The dynamics naturally separate into three regimes: a slow-driving limit, which has an interpretation as multiple quantum quenches with amplitude corrections from CFT; a fast-driving limit, in which the system behaves as though subject to a single quantum quench; and a crossover regime displaying heating. The universal Floquet dynamics in all regimes can be understood using a combination of boundary CFT and Kibble-Zurek scaling arguments.
description: 5 + 6 pages, 4 figures; published version
Emittance self-compensation in blow-out mode
Creators: name: Shamuilov, Georgii
name: Opanasenko, Anatoliy
name: Pepitone, Kévin
name: Tibai, Zoltán
name: Goryashko, Vitaliy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report an unusual regime of emittance self-compensation in an electron bunch generated in blow-out mode by a radio-frequency photocathode gun. Simulations clearly show an initial growth and a subsequent self-compensation of projected emittance in a divergent electron bunch originating from the effects of: (i) strong space-charge forces of mirror charges on the cathode, (ii) an energy chirp in the bunch and (iii) substantial re-shaping of the electron bunch. Furthermore, we show analytically and numerically how a complex interplay between these effects leads to emittance self-compensation in free space -- the effect that is normally observed only in a focusing magnetic field.
Untangling the nonlinearity in inverse scattering with data-driven reduced order models
Creators: name: Borcea, Liliana
name: Druskin, Vladimir
name: Mamonov, Alexander V.
name: Zaslavsky, Mikhail
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65M32, 41A20

description: The motivation of this work is an inverse problem for the acoustic wave equation, where an array of sensors probes an unknown medium with pulses and measures the scattered waves. The goal of the inversion is to determine from these measurements the structure of the scattering medium, modeled by a spatially varying acoustic impedance function. Many inversion algorithms assume that the mapping from the unknown impedance to the scattered waves is approximately linear. The linearization, known as the Born approximation, is not accurate in strongly scattering media, where the waves undergo multiple reflections before they reach the sensors in the array. Thus, the reconstructions of the impedance have numerous artifacts. The main result of the paper is a novel, linear-algebraic algorithm that uses a reduced order model (ROM) to map the data to those corresponding to the single scattering (Born) model. The ROM construction is based only on the measurements at the sensors in the array. The ROM is a proxy for the wave propagator operator, that propagates the wave in the unknown medium over the duration of the time sampling interval. The output of the algorithm can be input into any off-the-shelf inversion software that incorporates state of the art linear inversion algorithms to reconstruct the unknown acoustic impedance.
description: 27 pages, 9 figures
Symplectic and antiplectic waves in an array of beating cilia attached to a closed body
Creators: name: Ghorbani, Aref
name: Najafi, Ali
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By taking into account the hydrodynamic interactions in a one dimensional array of model cilia attached to a no-slip cylinderical surface, we investigate their synchronized motion. We show, how does the emergence of metachronal waves depend on the initial state of the system and investigate the conditions under which, the formation of symplectic and antiplectic waves are possible.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Kibble-Zurek scaling in holography
Creators: name: Natsuume, Makoto
name: Okamura, Takashi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Kibble-Zurek (KZ) mechanism describes the generations of topological defects when a system undergoes a second-order phase transition via quenches. We study the holographic KZ scaling using holographic superconductors. The scaling can be understood analytically from a scaling analysis of the bulk action. The argument is reminiscent of the scaling analysis of the mean-field theory but is more subtle and is not entirely obvious. This is because the scaling is not the one of the original bulk theory but is an emergent one that appears only at the critical point. The analysis is also useful to determine the dynamic critical exponent $z$.
description: 10 pages, ReVTeX4.1; v2: a few clarifications