cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Gamma-Driven Markov Processes and Extensions with Application to Realized Volatility
Creators: name: Mendes, Fernanda G. B.
name: Barreto-Souza, Wagner
name: Ndreca, Sokol
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: We propose a novel class of Markov processes for dealing with continuous positive time series data, which is constructed based on a latent gamma effect and named gamma-driven (GD) models. The GD processes possess desirable properties and features: (i) it can produce any desirable invariant distribution with support on R+, (ii) it is time-reversible, and (iii) it has the transition density function given in an explicit form. Estimation of parameters is performed through the maximum likelihood method combined with a Gauss Laguerre quadrature to approximate the likelihood function. The evaluation of the estimators and also confidence intervals of parameters are explored via Monte Carlo simulation studies. Two generalizations of the GD processes are also proposed to handle nonstationary and long-memory time series. We apply the proposed methodologies to analyze the daily realized volatility of the FTSE 100 equity index.
МЕТОДИЧЕСКИЙ ПОТЕНЦИАЛ ИГРОВЫХ ТЕХНОЛОГИЙ В ПРОЦЕССЕ ЯЗЫКОВОГО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ
Creators: name: Камолова, М.И.
name: Ткачёва, А.А.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: В современных условиях глобализации и интенсификации международных контактов владение иностранными языками становится необходимым компонентом профессиональной компетентности специалиста любого профиля. Это определяет возрастающие требования к качеству языкового образования и эффективности методов обучения иностранным языкам.
Rumphella torta
Creators: name: Ramvilas, Ghosh
name: Alderslade, Philip
name: Ranjeet, Kutty
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Cnidaria
Anthozoa
Alcyonacea
Gorgoniidae
Rumphella
Rumphella torta

description: Rumphella torta (Klunzinger, 1877)
Plexaura torta Klunzinger, 1877: 52, pl. 3, fig. 10 (Red Sea).
Rumphella torta Grasshoff 2000: 56 (Red Sea).
Opinion: It is not possible to determine if this species occurs in the region.
Justification:
These Indian records seem to be either invalid or unconfirmable: Kumar et al. 2014a: 58, pl. 26, fig. A–E (Andaman and Nicobar Islands); Fernando et al. 2017: 222, pl. 106, fig. A–E (Andaman and Nicobar Islands).
Literature analysis: This species, originally named Plexaura torta, forms large bushy colonies with long drooping end branches. The descriptions of an Indian specimen given by Kumar et al. (2014a) and Fernando et al. (2017) are identical but it is difficult to tell whether their material is the same as this taxon because, although their colony looks like this species, the authors only figure nine sclerites (two of which are identical) and most of sclerite forms that are well illustrated by Grasshoff (2000) are not included in their figure. This species has only been reported from the Red Sea and East Africa.
Kumar et al. (2015, 2018) lists the species and presents one of the colony images from the 2014 and 2017 papers above. Kumar et al. (2019b) lists the species with a colony image, while Kumar et al. (2018a) just lists the species.
description: Published as part of Ramvilas, Ghosh, Alderslade, Philip & Ranjeet, Kutty, 2023, The taxonomy of Indian gorgonians: an assessment of the descriptive records of gorgonians (Anthozoa: Octocorallia: Alcyonacea) recorded as occurring in the territorial waters of India, along with neighbouring regions and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, and the highlighting of perceived unethical practice, pp. 1-124 in Zootaxa 5236 (1) on page 84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5236.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/7639327
Large igneous provinces and Earth’s carbon cycle
Creators: name: Schaller, Morgan Frederick
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2012

description: Using stable carbon isotopes of soil carbonates, I demonstrate that the eruption of the Central Atlantic Magmatic Province (CAMP) resulted in a transient perturbation of atmospheric pCO2 in the Late Triassic. I show evidence of a discrete pCO2 pulse (roughly a doubling) immediately after the first CAMP flow-unit preserved in the Newark rift basin, followed by a ~200 kyr falloff toward pre-eruptive concentrations, a pattern repeated above the second and third flow-units. Observations from the Hartford basin indicate that pCO2 had fallen to concentrations well below background by 400 kyr after the final eruptions in the earliest Jurassic.  I use a simple geochemical model to demonstrate that this decrease below pre-eruptive background is most easily accomplished by the extrusion of ~1.12 x 107 km2 of basalt into the equatorial humid belt, which effectively amplified the increase in global continental weathering rate by perhaps as much as 50%.  These results indicate that LIPs can be overall net sinks for CO2.  A test of the Late Triassic equilibrium state from a 33-My record of pCO2 broadly shows a ~3-fold decrease from the Carnian through the Rhaetian.  This pCO2 decrease is most consistent with the hypothesis that a Late-Triassic increase in continental area within the tropical humid belt, as a result of the slow northward migration of the Pangean Supercontinent, lead to increased rates of continental weathering and CO2 consumption.  A significant implication of this finding is that changes in degassing rate from variable ocean crust production are not driving the long-term decrease in pCO2 because crustal production rates show little variability through the Late Triassic.  Together, the results of this work lay the foundation for a revision of our understanding regarding the driving mechanisms behind Earth’s long-term carbon cycle toward a greater emphasis on weathering processes.
Automated process and geometry design optimization of a coal combustion reactor
Creators: name: Salahi, Sara
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2012

description: The importance of design of an optimized and efficient combustion or gasification system, the complexity of such an optimization problem with conflicting objectives and the inadequacy of traditional optimization methods in searching the entire design space and their random nature, presents the significant importance of proposing an automated multi-objective optimization method in the field of combustion and gasification design. In the current research, automated multi-objective optimization has been implemented in geometry and process design of a coal combustion reactor. Coal particles are mixed with air and are injected into the reactor via four tangential inlets to create swirl flow. A combination of single phase and multi-phase reactions has been considered to simulate the combustion process. All the steps of geometry creation, grid generation and CFD simulation have been integrated automatically using macro files to run in batch mode in an optimization platform, i.e., modeFrontier. Three multi-objective optimization problems have been solved with two, four and six input variables. The ε-constraint method has been implemented for multi-objective optimization. Each multi-objective optimization problem consists of individual single-objective optimization problems which are solved by the SIMPLEX method. Two conflicting objectives, i.e.,   NO mass fraction and   CH4 mass fraction, have been selected for all optimization problems. Results from all single objective optimizations have been summarized to obtain the Pareto Set. It is presented that automated multi-objective optimization is a reliable and promising method to integrate CAD  and CFD tools with optimization methods in an automated process to perform faster, more accurate, more efficient and more cost-effective designs in the field of combustion and gasification.
Drop on demand technology as a mini manufacturing platform for drug delivery and personalized medicine
Creators: name: Sahay, Abhishek
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2012

description: There is need to develop a process and technology through which small tailored dosages can be delivered with precision and accuracy. This has led to research on developing a manufacturing platform which could be used to deliver personalized drugs in a variety of dosage formats both cheaply and efficiently. We envision a mini manufacturing platform centered on Drop-on-Demand (DoD) technology which can have wide ranging applications such as personalized medicine, clinical trials, poly-pharmacy and distributed manufacturing. A prototype system has been developed that has been tested for accuracy using gravimetric methods for dispensing sample dosage formats. The incorporation of online analytics has also been explored.  Three sets of experiments were conducted. In the first one, the accuracy of the system was measured experimentally using gravimetric methods. The dispensing system was found to be very accurate with RSD < 1% and this was true for dispensing solutions as well as suspensions. In the second experiment the effect of viscosity was studied. It was found that for a fixed set of variables such as input pressure and nozzle diameter there was a limiting viscosity above which the dispensing was disrupted. The aggregation behavior of suspensions during flow through micro capillary was also studied. Finally the applicability of Raman spectroscopy for in line analytics was tested experimentally. It was found that Raman can be used for qualification of API in-capsule as well as in the supply line.
Fully Data-Driven Normalized and Exponentiated Kernel Density Estimator with Hyvärinen Score
Creators: name: Imai, Shunsuke
name: Koriyama, Takuya
name: Yonekura, Shouto
name: Sugasawa, Shonosuke
name: Nishiyama, Yoshihiko
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Recently, Jewson and Rossell proposed a new approach for kernel density estimation using an exponentiated form of kernel density estimators. The density estimator contained two hyperparameters that flexibly controls the smoothness of the resulting density. We tune them in a data-driven manner by minimizing an objective function based on the Hyvärinen score to avoid the optimization involving the intractable normalizing constant caused by the exponentiation. We show the asymptotic properties of the proposed estimator and emphasize the importance of including the two hyperparameters for flexible density estimation. Our simulation studies and application to income data show that the proposed density estimator is promising when the underlying density is multi-modal or when observations contain outliers.
Differential representation of drug-seeking within ventral pallidal subregions
Creators: name: Root, David Hamilton
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2012

description: Ventral pallidum (VP) neurons exhibit changes in firing rate (FR) immediately prior to  and/or following cocaine-reinforced responses. We first aimed to determine whether  the changes in FR surrounding cocaine-seeking responses were coincident with  behaviors such as approaching the manipulandum, responding on the  manipulandum, and retreating away from the manipulandum. Second, we aimed to  determine whether changes in FR during cocaine-seeking behaviors differed  between VP subregions. Prior to recordings, animals exhibited both task and skill  learning, replicating previous results using this operant. 171 single-units in the  ventromedial VP (VPvm) and 48 in the dorsolateral VP (VPdl) were recorded in welltrained  animals during cocaine self-administration. Baseline FR and waveform  characteristics did not differ between subregions. VPdl neurons exhibited a greater  absolute change in FR over VPvm neurons during approaches as well as  approaches divided into cued and uncued conditions. VPdl neurons exhibited a  greater absolute change in FR over the VPvm during responses as well as  responses divided into those cued/reinforced and uncued/unreinforced conditions.  VPdl neurons were more likely to exhibit a similar change in FR during approach and response than VPvm neurons. VPvm neurons were heterogeneous, changing FRs  during approach or response alone, or both. No differences were found between  subregions during retreat behavior. VPdl neurons exhibited a greater absolute  change in FR over the VPvm for retreats in which the pump was activated prior to or  during a retreat, but not for retreats when the pump was not activated. Given that  VPdl neurons exhibited a greater change in FR than VPvm neurons during approach  and response, VPdl may be involved in the expression of drug-seeking behaviors  through projections to "motoric" regions such as subthalamic nucleus and substantia  nigra. Furthermore, because VPdl neurons were more likely to continue their change  of FR from approach through response while VPvm were more selective (e.g.,  approach alone, response alone), it is suggested that cocaine-seeking behaviors are  differentially represented within VP subregions. The VPvm projects primarily to the  mediodorsal thalamus and ventral tegmental area. Heterogeneous firing patterns  within the VPvm may be involved in maintaining a representation of behavioral  characteristics or sequences of self-administration behaviors.
Ellisella azilia Grasshoff 1999
Creators: name: Ramvilas, Ghosh
name: Alderslade, Philip
name: Ranjeet, Kutty
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Cnidaria
Anthozoa
Alcyonacea
Ellisellidae
Ellisella
Ellisella azilia

description: Ellisella azilia Grasshoff, 1999
Ellisella azilia Grasshoff, 1999: 79, fig. 131; pl. 9, fig. 2 (New Caledonia).
Opinion: There is no evidence that this species occurs in the region.
Justification:
These Indian records seem to be either invalid or unconfirmable: Kumar et al. 2014a: 10, pl. 2, fig. A–C (Guitor Is.); Fernando et al. 2017: 226, pl. 107, fig. A–C (Guitor Is.).
Literature analysis: The publications of Kumar et al. (2014a) and Fernando et al. (2017) present almost identical descriptions, and their colony is quite different to the holotype as is the polyp distribution. But the true characteristics of the Indian material are unknown because many of the sclerites that are figured are also figured for both E. nuctenea and E. eustata in a modified form and the text has been taken almost word-for-word from parts of the original description by Grasshoff (1999). In the sclerite figure given in Fernando et al. (2017), starting from the left: the first sclerite is also figured for Ellisella nuctea, but smaller; the second and third sclerites are also figured for that species, but stretched or enlarged; the fourth sclerite is figured for Ellisella eustala, but enlarged; the fifth is figured for the same species, but longer and narrower, along with the sixth, which is slightly wider but considerably stretched. Additionally, most of the sclerites in the Fernando et al. (2017) description also appear in modified form in the Kumar et al. (2014a) sclerite figure for Verrucella gubalensis Grasshoff, 2000. Kumar et al. (2015) just lists the species and figures the specimen from the 2014 paper. Kumar et al. (2018a) just lists the species.
description: Published as part of Ramvilas, Ghosh, Alderslade, Philip & Ranjeet, Kutty, 2023, The taxonomy of Indian gorgonians: an assessment of the descriptive records of gorgonians (Anthozoa: Octocorallia: Alcyonacea) recorded as occurring in the territorial waters of India, along with neighbouring regions and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, and the highlighting of perceived unethical practice, pp. 1-124 in Zootaxa 5236 (1) on page 86, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5236.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/7639327
Diversity of biodegradative gene populations in aquatic sediments examined by gene-targeted metagenomics
Creators: name: Rodgers-Vieira, Elyse Anne
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2012

description: Alkanes are common environmental pollutants in soil and water. The degradation of medium length n-alkanes is initiated under aerobic conditions by alkane monooxygenases which add one atom of molecular oxygen to the terminal carbon resulting in an alkanol product. Alkane monooxygenases fall into two distinct classes: the integral membrane bound AlkB family and the cytoplasmic cytochrome P450 family. Gene-targeted metagenomics was used to examine the microbial diversity and distribution of these two types of alkane monooxygenases in sediments in the United States and Central Asia.  The Passaic River in Newark, New Jersey has a long history of industrial pollution making it an ideal site to study monooxygenase diversity. 16S rRNA and alkane monooxgyenase gene populations were analyzed by pyrosequencing to determine if sampling location on the river influenced the microbial community and if triplicate enrichments yield comparable results. Samples were collected at an arbitrary start point (0 meters) and at 10 and 1000 meters down the river. The replicates were similar to each other at two of the three sampling locations and differed slightly at 1000 meters.  Sediments from rivers and streams in Central Asia were compared to determine if novel alkane monooxygenase families could be found in a largely unstudied geographic region. The 16S rRNA and monooxygenase gene communities recovered from sediment and enrichments originating from disparate environments with varied anthropogenic influence were compared by pyrosequencing. Novel alkane monooxygenase populations were recovered from sites in Central Asia and comparisons between sites showed that each population was distinct due to their distant geographic origins.  The effect of salinity on alkane monooxygenase populations was examined in sediments obtained from Puerto Rico. Samples were collected from the Port of San Juan, an estuary, mangroves, and shore locations. Salinity was not the major determinant of alkane monooxygenase community composition in hexadecane enrichment cultures. The type of environment (mangrove compared to shore or port locations) had the greatest affect on the gene populations recovered.
Markowitz's portfolio selection model and related problems
Creators: name: Ravipati, Abhijit
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2012

description: Markowitz's portfolio selection theory is one of the pillars of theoretical finance. This formulation has an inherent instability once the mean and variance are replaced by their sample counterparts. The problem is amplified when the number of assets is large and the sample covariance is singular or nearly singular. This poses a fundamental problem, because solutions that are not stable under sample fluctuations may look optimal for a given sample, but are, in effect, very far from optimal with respect to the average risk. The paper starts with a general introduction to Markowitz’s portfolio theory and then discusses further developments and a few notable works in the area and later moves on to discuss the need for regularization and points out a few existing methods for regularization. After which a formulation of the optimal portfolio selection is presented and ends with a few numerical examples.
Formation of organic aerosol through cloud chemistry
Creators: name: Ramos-Busot, Anjuli
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2012

description: Organic particulate matter in the atmosphere plays an important role in climate forcing, visibility, and adverse health effects. Atmospheric organic aerosol is predominantly of secondary origin, formed in the atmosphere. Laboratory photooxidation experiments, atmospheric aerosol measurements below vs. above clouds and at increasing humidity, and modeling studies all suggest that secondary organic aerosol (SOA) forms from water-soluble gases through aqueous chemistry in clouds and wet aerosols (aqSOA). Previous laboratory experiments are simple compared to the atmospheric water media (single compound deionize water solutions), thus a more realistic approach is needed for the understanding of SOA formation through aqueous chemistry. We conducted batch photooxidation experiments with three different rainwater samples from Camden and Pinelands, NJ and hydroxyl radicals (formed from 150 μM H2O2 + UV radiation). We used rainwater (RW) as a surrogate for cloud water in these experiments. SOA precursors and products were identified by real-time Electrospray Ionization – Mass Spectrometry (ESI-MS, continuous online sampling) and by Ion Chromatography (discrete samples). Precursors were found predominantly in the positive mode, suggesting the presence of aldehydes, alcohols and organic peroxides, and products were found predominantly in the negative mode, suggesting the presence of organic acids. A decrease in the abundance of ions with the same unit mass-to-charge ratio as standards of glyoxal, methylglyoxal and glycolaldehyde and an increase in the abundance of ions associated with organic acids (e.g., oxalic and pyruvic acid) suggest that these aldehydes were present and reacting. The evidence is strongest for methylglyoxal (three RW samples). Glyoxal oxidation appears to occur in two RW samples; evidence for glycolaldehyde is not as strong. Other potential contributors to SOA formation (precursor and products) were identified based on their percentage of change and absolute change in ion abundance across the reaction.
Exploiting phase-change technology in server memory systems
Creators: name: Ramos, Luiz Eduardo Da Silva
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2012

description: Main memory capacity is becoming a critical issue for modern server systems. Unfortunately, current trends suggest that meeting these capacity requirements using DRAM will not be ideal. DRAM consumes significant amounts of energy (idle, refresh, and precharge energies) and will soon reach its density limit.    Many researchers in industry and academia point to Phase-Change Memory (PCM) technology as a promising replacement for DRAM. PCM is byte-addressable as DRAM, but presents higher density and lower idle power consumption than DRAM.  However, PCM is also slower than DRAM and has limited endurance.  For these reasons, hybrid memory systems that combine a small amount of DRAM and a large amount of PCM have become attractive.    In this dissertation, we propose two hybrid memory systems for servers.  The first system (called Rank-aware Page Placement or RaPP) is a hardware-driven page placement policy. The policy relies on the  memory controller (MC) to monitor access patterns, migrate pages between DRAM and PCM, and translate the memory addresses coming from the cores. The second system (called Rank-aware Cooperative Cache or RaCC) is a software-driven policy for object placement in server  clusters that implement cooperative memory caches.  RaCC monitors object popularity and leverages that information in placing the objects.  Our extensive results show that our hybrid memory systems  provide robust and consistent memory performance without sacrificing energy. Based on our experience and results, we conclude that PCM is a promising main memory technology for future servers, especially when combined with a small amount of DRAM.  However, such hybrid designs  will require careful data placement and migration for best performance and robustness.
A monolithically integrated power JFET and Junction Barrier Schottky diode in 4H silicon carbide
Creators: name: Radhakrishnan, Rahul
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2012

description: Efficiency of power management circuits depends significantly on their constituent switches and rectifiers. The demands of technology are increasingly running up against the intrinsic properties of Si based power devices. 4H-Silicon Carbide (SiC) has superior properties that make it attractive for high power applications. SiC rectifiers are already a competitive choice and SiC switches have also been commercialized recently. Junction Barrier Schottky (JBS) diodes, which combine the advantages of PN and Schottky, have higher Figure of Merit (FOM) as rectifiers. Among switches, a robust and mature process has been developed for Silicon Carbide Vertical Junction Field Effect Transistors (VJFETs), which currently gives it the highest unipolar FOM.  Switches are frequently combined with anti-parallel diodes in power circuits. This thesis describes the development of a SiC-based monolithically integrated power switch and diode. Monolithic integration increases reliability and efficiency, and reduces cost. Because of their superior properties and similarities in fabrication, we chose the SiC VJFET and JBS diode as the switch and rectifier. Detailed design, fabrication and characterization of the integrated switch to block above 800 V and conduct current beyond 100 A/cm2 is explained. In this process, the first physics-based 2-D compact model is developed for reverse leakage in a JBS diode as a function of design parameters. Since the gate-channel junctions of SiC VJFETs cannot be assumed to be abrupt, an existing analytical model for Si VJFETs is extended to account for graded gate-channel junctions. Using these analytical models, design rules are developed for the VJFET and JBS diode. Finite element simulations are used to find the best anode layout of the JBS diode and optimize electric field termination in the integrated device to ensure their capability to operate at high voltage. Finally, a spin-on glass based process is developed for filling the gate trenches of the VJFET to improve long-term robustness in extreme environments.    The integrated power switch developed in this thesis points to the attractions of monolithic integration in SiC power circuits. Analytical compact design equations derived here will facilitate faster and easier design of switches and rectifiers for desired circuit operation.
A comparison of corneal wound healing after UVB and nitrogen mustard exposure
Creators: name: Po, Iris P.
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2012

description: Vesicants such as nitrogen mustard (NM) cause blistering of skin, similar to that caused by ultraviolet B (UVB) exposure from the sun.  In the cornea, such injury occurs as microbullae at the basal surface of the basal epithelial cells, where the cells sit on their basement membrane.  We hypothesize that the steps in healing are not identical after exposure to these two blistering agents, since UV injury heals well, but mustards often cause injuries that can induce chronic complications.  Twenty five years after a mustard exposure recurrent erosions can still develop (Javadi et al., 2005).  In an effort to understand the pathogenesis of mustard exposure we investigated whether a NM injury heals more slowly than an equivalent UVB injury.  To accomplish this, corneal organ cultures were exposed to different levels of UVB to determine conditions that would produce a 24 hour post-UVB phenotype equivalent to the 24 hour post-exposure phenotype of a 60 minute exposure to 100 nmol NM.  Corneal organ cultures were irradiated for various times to produce different UVB exposures: 5 minutes exposure resulted in 100 mJ/cm2; 20 minutes, 400 mJ/cm2; 40 minutes, 800 mJ/cm2; 60 minutes, 1200 mJ/cm2; 80 minutes, 1600 mJ/cm2; and 100 minutes,  2000 mJ/cm2.  Corneas were embedded in O.C.T compound, frozen, and then sectioned for H&E staining.  Micrographs of sections were overlapped to make composites covering the entire diameter of the cornea. From the composites, the degree of epithelial-stromal separation was calculated as a percentage of the entire width of the cornea.  Our results demonstrated that, at 24 hour after a 60 minutes exposure to 100 nmol NM, the epithelial-stromal separation was 58 ± 13 % of the corneal diameter.  Of the UVB exposures, a nearly equivalent phenotype, 60 ± 11 % separation between the cell layers, was produced by the 2000 mJ/cm2 UVB exposure.  The time needed for healing (i.e., a return to epithelial-stromal structural integrity) was found to be 7 days for NM exposure. In contrast, the equivalently damaged UVB-exposed corneas recovered in only 5 days.  Immunofluorescence analysis showed that the provisional matrix components SPARC, hevin, tenascin-C, thrombospondin-1, and fibrillin-1 persisted at least 1 day longer in the NM-exposed corneas than in UVB-exposed corneas.
Estimation of the Local Conditional Tail Average Treatment Effect
Creators: name: Chen, Le-Yu
name: Yen, Yu-Min
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: Medicine
Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Science Policy

description: The conditional tail average treatment effect (CTATE) is defined as a difference between the conditional tail expectations of potential outcomes, which can capture heterogeneity and deliver aggregated local information on treatment effects over different quantile levels and is closely related to the notion of second-order stochastic dominance and the Lorenz curve. These properties render it a valuable tool for policy evaluation. In this article, we study estimation of the CTATE locally for a group of compliers (local CTATE or LCTATE) under the two-sided noncompliance framework. We consider a semiparametric treatment effect framework under endogeneity for the LCTATE estimation using a newly introduced class of consistent loss functions jointly for the CTE and quantile. We establish the asymptotic theory of our proposed LCTATE estimator and provide an efficient algorithm for its implementation. We then apply the method to evaluate the effects of participating in programs under the Job Training Partnership Act in the United States.
Ellisella bayeri Fernando 2011
Creators: name: Ramvilas, Ghosh
name: Alderslade, Philip
name: Ranjeet, Kutty
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Cnidaria
Anthozoa
Alcyonacea
Ellisellidae
Ellisella
Ellisella bayeri

description: Ellisella bayeri Fernando, 2011 (species status uncertain)
Ellisella bayeri Fernando, 2011: 110, pl. 68, fig. 1–1d (Kanyakumari); Fernando et al. 2017: 228, pl. 105, fig. 1–1d (Kanyakumari).
? Ellisella grasshoffi Fernando, 2011: 111–112, pl. 70, fig. 1–1e (Thiruchendur).
Opinion: This species does occur in the region.
Justification:
Literature analysis: The publications of Fernando (2011) and Fernando et al. (2017) both present identical accounts, but without more detailed descriptions and larger illustrations of the sclerites it would be difficult to recognise their species, and without a revision of the genus it would probably be impossible to assess its validity as a new species. The authors state, “The colony morphology and arrangements of the sclerites and their structure and dimension and the colour of the colony are distinct from other species of Ellisella reported so far”, which is not quite accurate. The colony shape, for example, is similar to their specimens identified as E. ceylonensis, to E. andamanensis Simpson, and to E. nuctenea and E acacesia Grasshoff, 1999. The sclerite arrangement presumably refers to their “spindles concentrate around the polyps”, which is actually characteristic of the genus. The spindles are quite long, but those, for example, in E. maculate Studer or E. quadriliniata (Simpson) are as long or longer. The species bears a significant resemblance to E. grasshoffi Fernando, 2011.
description: Published as part of Ramvilas, Ghosh, Alderslade, Philip & Ranjeet, Kutty, 2023, The taxonomy of Indian gorgonians: an assessment of the descriptive records of gorgonians (Anthozoa: Octocorallia: Alcyonacea) recorded as occurring in the territorial waters of India, along with neighbouring regions and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, and the highlighting of perceived unethical practice, pp. 1-124 in Zootaxa 5236 (1) on page 86, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5236.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/7639327
Youth Migration to Postwar Australia (1946–1973): A Social, Cultural, and Oral History
Creators: name: PURI, ANISA
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021
Subjects: classificationCode: 430399
subject: Historical studies not elsewhere classified

description: This thesis uses life story interviews recorded by the Australian Generations Oral History Project between 2011 and 2015 to examine experiences and memories of youth migration to postwar Australia between 1946 and 1973. It argues that age, and specifically the life stage of youth, crucially shaped experiences of postwar migration to Australia—and that migration altered experiences of youth. It also shows that examining young migrants’ experiences outside of Australia, and treating their whole lives as relevant to Australian history, can radically transform understandings of what constitutes Australian history.
Design of poly (alkylene oxide) graft copolymer chemistries for improved antisense drug delivery
Creators: name: Peddada, Lavanya Y.
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2012

description: Gene-based therapies hold tremendous promise to treat conditions such as cancer, muscular dystrophy, and cardiovascular disease. Non-viral carriers consisting of synthetic and natural cationic polymers, liposomes, and non-ionic copolymer micelles have demonstrated moderate success in overcoming some of the delivery challenges. At the systemic level, the issues of drug degradation in the bloodstream and poor pharmacological distribution to target disease site exist. At the cellular level, the key barrier involves escape of the carrier and therapeutic cargo from the degradative endolysosomal pathway. Efforts have been made to understand and to design carrier chemistries based on physical properties including particle size, particle surface charge, degree of carrier hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity, polymer conformation, etc. To date, clear design rules based on physicochemical properties have not emerged.   Previously, our group has formulated a multi-component liposome-based carrier system that efficiently delivers antisense oligonucleotide in the absence of serum, but which is considerably less active in the presence of serum. This motivated us to improve the existing carrier chemistry for improved delivery in the presence of extracellular nucleases and serum proteins, while maintaining the function of evading intracellular barriers. In this dissertation, we provide a comprehensive evaluation of graft copolymers consisting of poly (propylacrylic acid) and poly (alkylene oxide) chemistries with varying degrees of hydrophobicity to hydrophilicity, and describe the influence of this parameter on liposome-mediated antisense gene delivery. First, various steps involved in the antisense gene delivery process including serum-stability, membrane penetration, and endosome membrane lysis was evaluated in vitro. Secondly, we address the hypothesis that liposomes stabilized with poly (alkylene oxide) graft copolymers can improve biodistribution by using a tumor xenograft model that allows us to relate biodistribution profiles to nanoparticle size, surface charge, and polymer architecture. Our findings indicate that the balance of polymer hydrophobicity to hydrophilicity plays a key role in dictating serum-stability and cellular entry in vitro, as well as fate of antisense in vivo.
Ellisella elongata
Creators: name: Ramvilas, Ghosh
name: Alderslade, Philip
name: Ranjeet, Kutty
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Cnidaria
Anthozoa
Alcyonacea
Ellisellidae
Ellisella
Ellisella elongata

description: Ellisella elongata (Pallas, 1766)
Gorgonia elongata Pallas, 1766: 179–180 (Atlantic Ocean).
Scirpearia elongata Simpson 1910: 79–81, figs. 46–48 (West Indies); Deichmann 1936: 212, pl. 24, figs. 46–48 (West Indies)
Scirpearia cylindrical Toeplitz, 1929: 306, pl. 7, fig. 7 (in Kükenthal 1919) (Barbados).
Ellisella elongata Gray 1857a: 287 (no locality); Toeplitz 1929: 285 (no locality); Bayer 1957: 386, figs. 4e, f (Gulf of Mexico, Florida); Bayer 1959: 23, figs 10, 12 (Surinam, French Guiana, Brazil); Bayer 1961: 284–287, fig. 94 (Gulf of Mexico, Caribbean, Brazil).
Opinion: There is no evidence that this species occurs in the region.
Justification:
These Indian records seem to be either invalid or unconfirmable: Thomson & Henderson 1906: 81, pl. 1. Fig. 10; pl. 9, fig. 17 (Bay of Bengal).
Literature analysis: Originally named Gorgonia elongata, Gray (1857a) transferred the species to Ellisella, Simpson (1910) placed it in Scirpearia and Toeplitz (1929) reinstated it as a species of Ellisella. Thomson & Henderson (1906) erroneously assigned Bay of Bengal material to this species under the name Junceella elongata (Pallas). The species Ellisella elongata is actually endemic to the central east coast of America, from the northern Gulf of Mexico through the Antilles and south to about the mouth of the Amazon in Brazil. Thomson & Henderson’s Junceella elongata was renamed by Simpson as the new species Scirpearia thomsoni, which is a species of Ellisella that is essentially unreconisable from both the original and Simpson’s description.
description: Published as part of Ramvilas, Ghosh, Alderslade, Philip & Ranjeet, Kutty, 2023, The taxonomy of Indian gorgonians: an assessment of the descriptive records of gorgonians (Anthozoa: Octocorallia: Alcyonacea) recorded as occurring in the territorial waters of India, along with neighbouring regions and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, and the highlighting of perceived unethical practice, pp. 1-124 in Zootaxa 5236 (1) on pages 87-88, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5236.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/7639327
Between the Two Easts: The Perception of China in the Late Ottoman Press/İki Doğu Arasında: Geç Osmanlı Matbuatında Çin Algısı
Creators: name: Ceylan, Ertuğrul
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Qing
China
Ottoman
Turkish
Chinese

description: Eng: This study examines; diplomatic and political relations between the Ottoman and Qing Empires in the 19. and 20. centuries, factors influencing the Ottoman perception towards China, and various elements affecting the development of these relations. The Ottoman interest in the Far East, particularly sparked by Hıtayî's work 'Hıtaynâme', began and became more pronounced until the Russo-Japanese War period. This interest allowed the Ottomans to develop a deep understanding of China and shape their relations. The study explores the historical origins and evolution of the Ottoman perception of China, while also evaluating intellectuals' criticisms on various issues and perception conflicts within significant ideological contexts. Furthermore, it meticulously analyses social, ideological, and religious reasons to uncover the deep-seated causes of conflicts and relations between the two societies. This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the effects of the interactions and perceptions between the Ottoman and Chinese Empires on the foreign policies and social structures of both parties. This study aims to fill a significant gap in the literature by revealing contributing to a better understanding of the complex relations between the Ottoman Empire and China.

Tr: Bu çalışma, 19. ve 20. yüzyıllarda Osmanlı ve Qing İmparatorlukları arasındaki diplomatik ve siyasi ilişkileri, Osmanlı’nın Çin'e yönelik algısını etkileyen faktörleri ve ilişkilerin gelişiminde etkili olan çeşitli unsurları ele almaktadır. Osmanlı’nın Aksa-yı Şark’a (Uzakdoğu) olan ilgisi, özellikle Hıtayî’nin ‘Hıtaynâme’ adlı eseriyle başlamış, Rus-Japon Savaşı dönemine değin geçen süreçte belirginleşmiştir. Bu ilgi ve alaka, Osmanlı’nın Çin hakkında derin bir anlayış geliştirmesine ve ilişkilerin şekillenmesine olanak tanımıştır. Çalışma, Osmanlı’nın Çin’e dair algısının tarihsel kökenlerini ve zaman içindeki evrimini incelerken, aynı zamanda aydınların çeşitli konulara yönelik eleştirilerini ve tarafların algı çatışmalarını önemli ideolojik meseleler bağlamında değerlendirmektedir. Aynı zamanda, sosyal, ideolojik ve dini sebepleri detaylıca analiz edilerek, iki toplum arasındaki çatışmaların ve ilişkilerin derin nedenlerini ortaya koymaktadır. Bu çalışma, Osmanlı ve Çin arasındaki etkileşimlerin ve algıların tarafların dış politikaları ve toplumsal yapıları üzerindeki etkilerinin kapsamlı bir analizini sunmaktadır. Bu çalışma literatürdeki önemli bir boşluğu doldurmayı ve Osmanlı ile Çin arasındaki karmaşık ilişkilerin daha iyi anlaşılmasına katkıda bulunmayı hedeflemektedir.
Examining mechanical properties of single acetaminophen crystal using nanoindentation methods
Creators: name: Parikh, Hiral
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2012

description: The pharmaceutical industry incurs substantial loss in revenue and consumer confidence with inefficient manufacturing practices. Large scale processing of organic compounds is challenging due to its sensitivity to environmental conditions and the unpredictable breakage behavior of tablets under applied stress. Tablet compaction and particle size reduction through milling induces variability in the end product. Variability in powder flow, stress induced transformation in polymorphic compounds, re-crystallization after compaction, and lack of content uniformity are some factors that translate into poor product quality. These challenges can be partially resolved by a better understanding of mechanical properties of crystalline pharmaceutical materials at single particle level. The endeavor of this study was to understand the breakage behavior of various planes of a single Acetaminophen crystal using nanoindentation instrumentation.  The results of the study indicated that the Acetaminophen crystal is anisotropic with respect to hardness and Young’s modulus values. Analysis of the load-depth curve, discontinuities on the loading and  unloading cycle were observed, as well as pop-in events during constant load intervals. Furthermore, the frequency of pop-in events on the loading depth curve was found to correlate with the elasticity of the planes in question. It was also apparent that the organic compound was sensitive to environmental conditions. Varying strain rates effects different planes of the same crystal and also in adhesion reflected sensitivity to environmental conditions. The exact mechanism by which the crystal deforms is still unknown. However it is theorized that it could be through partial dislocations and crack propagations.
Topological string, supersymmetric gauge theory and BPS counting
Creators: name: Pan, Guang
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2012

description: In this thesis we study the Donaldson-Thomas theory on the local curve geometry, which arises in the context of geometric engineering of supersymmetric gauge theory from type IIA string compactification. The topological A-model amplitude gives the F-term interaction of the com- pactified theory. In particular, it is related to the instanton partition function via Nekrasov conjecture.  We will introduce ADHM sheaves on curve, as an alternative description of local Donaldson-Thomas theory. We derive the wallcrossing of ADHM invariants and their refinements. We show that it is equivalent to the semi-primitive wallcrossing from supergravity, and the Kontsevich-Soibelman wallcrossing formula. As an application, we discuss the connection between ADHM moduli space with Hitchin system. In particular we give a recursive formula for the Poincare polynomial of Hitchin system in terms of instanton partition function, from refined wallcrossing.  We also introduce higher rank generalization of Donaldson-Thomas invariant in the context of ADHM sheaves. We study their wallcrossing and discuss their physical interpretation via string duality.
Fully Data-driven Normalized and Exponentiated Kernel Density Estimator with Hyvärinen Score
Creators: name: Imai, Shunsuke
name: Koriyama, Takuya
name: Yonekura, Shouto
name: Sugasawa, Shonosuke
name: Nishiyama, Yoshihiko
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Recently, Jewson and Rossell (2022) proposed a new approach for kernel density estimation using an exponentiated form of kernel density estimators. The density estimator contained two hyperparameters that flexibly controls the smoothness of the resulting density. We tune them in a data-driven manner by minimizing an objective function based on the Hyvärinen score to avoid the optimization involving the intractable normalizing constant caused by the exponentiation. We show the asymptotic properties of the proposed estimator and emphasize the importance of including the two hyperparameters for flexible density estimation. Our simulation studies and application to income data show that the proposed density estimator is promising when the underlying density is multi-modal or when observations contain outliers.
Testing Many Zero Restrictions in a High Dimensional Linear Regression Setting
Creators: name: Hill, Jonathan B.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: We propose a test of many zero parameter restrictions in a high dimensional linear iid regression model with k ≫ n regressors. The test statistic is formed by estimating key parameters one at a time based on many low dimension regression models with nuisance terms. The parsimoniously parameterized models identify whether the original parameter of interest is or is not zero. Estimating fixed low dimension sub-parameters ensures greater estimator accuracy, it does not require a sparsity assumption nor therefore a regularized estimator, it is computationally fast compared to, for example, de-biased Lasso, and using only the largest in a sequence of weighted estimators reduces test statistic complexity and therefore estimation error. We provide a parametric wild bootstrap for p-value computation, and prove the test is consistent and has nontrivial n/{ ln (n)Mn}-local-to-null power where Mn is the l∞ covariate fourth moment.