cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
How to Trust Your Diffusion Model: A Convex Optimization Approach to Conformal Risk Control
Creators: name: Teneggi, Jacopo
name: Tivnan, Matthew
name: Stayman, J. Webster
name: Sulam, Jeremias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Score-based generative modeling, informally referred to as diffusion models, continue to grow in popularity across several important domains and tasks. While they provide high-quality and diverse samples from empirical distributions, important questions remain on the reliability and trustworthiness of these sampling procedures for their responsible use in critical scenarios. Conformal prediction is a modern tool to construct finite-sample, distribution-free uncertainty guarantees for any black-box predictor. In this work, we focus on image-to-image regression tasks and we present a generalization of the Risk-Controlling Prediction Sets (RCPS) procedure, that we term $K$-RCPS, which allows to $(i)$ provide entrywise calibrated intervals for future samples of any diffusion model, and $(ii)$ control a certain notion of risk with respect to a ground truth image with minimal mean interval length. Differently from existing conformal risk control procedures, ours relies on a novel convex optimization approach that allows for multidimensional risk control while provably minimizing the mean interval length. We illustrate our approach on two real-world image denoising problems: on natural images of faces as well as on computed tomography (CT) scans of the abdomen, demonstrating state of the art performance.
New Bio-products and innovative value chain from olive processing - Bioprodutos e cadeia de valor inovadora da fileira do azeite
Creators: name: Pisanelli, Andrea
name: Russo, Giuseppe
name: Consalvo, Claudia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Bio-economy
olives
residues
bio-products
bioeconomia; azeitona; resíduos; bio-produtos; economia circular.

description: Tradução de folha informativa do projeto AFINET - Os pomares tradicionais são responsáveis por grande parte da área ocupada pela espécie oliveira na União Europeia, sobretudo em zonas agrícolas marginais. Para manter esta área é necessário reconhecer o seu papel multifuncional e melhorar o rendimento do agricultor que se dedica ao seu cultivo. A Itália é o segundo maior produtor de azeite da União Europeia, sendo a região da Umbria uma das regiões mais relevantes, dada a elevada qualidade do produto obtido (azeite extra virgem) e a sua ligação estreita ao conhecimento tradicional e local. A cadeia de valor regional do azeite envolve cerca de 30,000 explorações num total de 27,000 ha, incluindo 270 lagares onde é feita a extração do azeite e dos seus subprodutos (água ruça, bagaço e caroços). A gestão, aproveitamento e valorização destes subprodutos é muito importante, uma vez que os resíduos do lagar têm um grande impacto no solo e na água, devido à sua elevada fitotoxicidade (fenol, lípidos e ácidos gordos).
On the (in)stability of sunspots
Creators: name: Strecker, Hanna
name: Schmidt, Wolfgang
name: Schlichenmaier, Rolf
name: Rempel, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The stability of sunspots is one of the long-standing unsolved puzzles in the field of solar magnetism. We study the effects that destabilise and stabilise the flux tube of a simulated sunspot in the upper convection zone. The depth-varying effects of fluting instability, buoyancy forces, and timescales on the flux tube are analysed. The simulation was calculated with the MURaM code. The domain has a lateral extension of 98 Mm x 98 Mm and extends almost 18 Mm below the solar surface. The analysed data set of 30 hours shows a stable sunspot at the solar surface. We studied the evolution of the flux tube at horizontal layers by means of the relative change in perimeter and area with a linear stability analysis. We find a corrugation along the perimeter of the flux tube that proceeds fastest at a depth of about 8 Mm below the surface. Towards the surface and towards deeper layers, the decrease in compactness is damped. From the stability analysis, we find that above a depth of 2 Mm, the sunspot is stabilised by buoyancy forces. The spot is least stable at a depth of about 3 Mm because of fluting instability. The stability of the sunspot at the surface affects the behaviour of the field lines in deeper layers by magnetic tension. Therefore the fluting instability is damped at depths of about 3 Mm, and the decrease in compactness is strongest at a depth of about 8 Mm. The more vertical orientation of the magnetic field and the longer convective timescale slow down the corrugation process in layers deeper than 10 Mm. The formation of large intrusions of field-free plasma below the surface destabilises the sunspot, and eventually lead to the disruption and decay of the sunspot. This process is not visible at the surface, where the sunspot is stabilised by buoyancy forces. The onset of sunspot decay occurs in deeper layers, while the sunspot still appears stable in the photosphere.
description: 12 pages, 14 figures; appendix: 3 pages, 2 figures, 1 table; accepted for publication in A&A
Triangular Mott-Hubbard Insulator Phases of Sn/Si(111) and Sn/Ge(111) Surfaces
Creators: name: Profeta, G.
name: Tosatti, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ground state of Sn/Si(111) and Sn/Ge(111) surface $α$-phases is reexamined theoretically, based on $ab-initio$ calculations where correlations are approximately included through the orbital dependence of the Coulomb interaction (in the local density + Hubbard U approximation). The effect of correlations is to destabilize the vertical buckling in Sn/Ge(111) and to make the surface magnetic, with a metal-insulator transition for both systems. This signals the onset of a stable narrow gap Mott-Hubbard insulating state, in agreement with very recent experiments. Antiferromagnetic exchange is proposed to be responsible for the observed $Γ$-point photoemission intensity, as well asfor the partial metallization observed above above 60 K in Sn/Si(111). Extrinsic metallization of Sn/Si(111) by, $e.g.$ alkali doping, could lead to a novel 2D triangular superconducting state of this and similar surfaces.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
FigureS1_anc_rec.pdf from Ecological specialization, rather than the island effect, explains morphological diversification in an ancient radiation of geckos
Creators: name: Tejero-Cicuéndez, Héctor
name: Simó-Riudalbas, Marc
name: Menéndez, Iris
name: Carranza, Salvador
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology

description: Island colonists are often assumed to experience higher levels of phenotypic diversification than continental taxa. However, empirical evidence has uncovered exceptions to this ‘island effect’. Here, we tested this pattern using the geckos of the genus Pristurus from continental Arabia and Africa and the Socotra Archipelago. Using a recently published phylogeny and an extensive morphological dataset, we explore the differences in phenotypic evolution between Socotran and continental taxa. Moreover, we reconstructed ancestral habitat occupancy to examine if ecological specialization is correlated with morphological change, comparing phenotypic disparity and trait evolution between habitats. We found a heterogeneous outcome of island colonization. Namely, only one of the three colonization events resulted in a body size increase. However, in general, Socotran species do not present higher levels or rates of morphological diversification than continental groups. Instead, habitat specialization explains better the body size and shape evolution in Pristurus. Particularly, the colonization of ground habitats appears as the main driver of morphological change, producing the highest disparity and evolutionary rates. Additionally, arboreal species show very similar body size and head proportions. These results reveal a determinant role of ecological mechanisms in morphological evolution and corroborate the complexity of ecomorphological dynamics in continent–island systems.
Searching for Unconventional Superfluid in Excitons of Monolayer Semiconductors
Creators: name: Chen, Wei
name: Huang, Chun-Jiong
name: Zhu, Qizhong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is well known that two-dimensional (2D) bosons in homogeneous space cannot undergo real Bose-Einstein condensation, and the superfluid to normal phase transition is Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless (BKT) type, associated with vortex-antivortex pair unbinding. Here we point out a 2D bosonic system whose low energy physics goes beyond conventional paradigm of 2D {\it homogeneous} bosons, i.e., intralayer excitons in monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides. With intrinsic valley-orbit coupling and valley Zeeman energy, exciton dispersion becomes linear at small momentum, giving rise to a series of novel features. The critical temperature of Bose-Einstein condensation of these excitons is nonzero, suggesting true long-range order in 2D homogeneous system. The dispersion of Goldstone mode at long wavelength has the form $\varepsilon(\boldsymbol{q})\sim\sqrt{q}$, in contrast to conventional linear phonon spectrum. The vortex energy deviates from the usual logarithmic form with respect to system size, but instead has an additional linear term. Superfluid to normal phase transition is no longer BKT type for system size beyond a characteristic scale, without discontinuous jump in superfluid density. With the recent experimental progress on exciton fluid at thermal equilibrium in monolayer semiconductors, our work points out an experimentally accessible system to search for unconventional 2D superfluids beyond BKT paradigm.
description: Accepted version in PRL
Time-domain metric reconstruction for hyperbolic scattering
Creators: name: Long, Oliver
name: Barack, Leor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Self-force methods can be applied in calculations of the scatter angle in two-body hyperbolic encounters, working order by order in the mass ratio (assumed small) but with no recourse to a weak-field approximation. This, in turn, can inform ongoing efforts to construct an accurate model of the general-relativistic binary dynamics via an effective-one-body description and other semi-analytical approaches. Existing self-force methods are to a large extent specialised to bound, inspiral orbits. Here we develop a technique for (numerical) self-force calculations that can efficiently tackle scatter orbits. The method is based on a time-domain reconstruction of the metric perturbation from a scalar-like Hertz potential that satisfies the Teukolsky equation, an idea pursued so far only for bound orbits. The crucial ingredient in this formulation are certain jump conditions that (each multipole mode of) the Hertz potential must satisfy along the orbit, in a 1+1-dimensional multipole reduction of the problem. We obtain a closed-form expression for these jumps, for an arbitrary geodesic orbit in Schwarzschild spacetime, and present a full numerical implementation for a scatter orbit. In this paper we focus on method development, and go only as far as calculating the Hertz potential; a calculation of the self-force and its physical effects on the scatter orbit will be the subject of forthcoming work.
description: 28 pages, 11 figures; v3 corrected typo in Eq. (103)
Biological Principles in Self-Organization of Young Brain - Viewed from Kohonen Model
Creators: name: Pallaver, Tanguy
name: Kroger, Helmut
name: Parizeau, Marc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Variants of the Kohonen model are proposed to study biological principles of self-organization in a model of young brain. We suggest a function to measure aquired knowledge and use it to auto-adapt the topology of neuronal connectivity, yielding substantial organizational improvement relative to the standard model. In the early phase of organization with most intense learning, we observe that neural connectivity is of Small World type, which is very efficient to organize neurons in response to stimuli. In analogy to human brain where pruning of neural connectivity (and neuron cell death) occurs in early life, this feature is present also in our model, which is found to stabilize neuronal response to stimuli.
Table S4. from Ecological specialization, rather than the island effect, explains morphological diversification in an ancient radiation of geckos
Creators: name: Tejero-Cicuéndez, Héctor
name: Simó-Riudalbas, Marc
name: Menéndez, Iris
name: Carranza, Salvador
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology

description: Results from the morphological disparity analyses after removing the species with less than five specimens. The p-values were only calculated when the disparity ratios were higher than 1, since we explicitly hypothesized higher disparity in island species (island colonization as a primary driver of morphological disparity) and/or higher disparity in ground habitats (ecological specialization as a primary driver of disparity).
An opportunity for service : women of the Anglican mission to the Japanese in Canada, 1903-1957
Creators: name: James, Cathy L.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The present thesis is a study of the women involved in the Anglican mission to the Japanese Canadians between 1903 and 1957. Drawing on a variety of primary source documents housed in the Anglican church archives in Toronto and Vancouver, as well as information gathered in interviews with three former missionaries, the study aims to determine who these women were, what their work consisted of, their reasons for choosing to work among Japanese Canadians, and what effects their efforts had, not specifically on the intended recipients, but on the women themselves. The thesis argues that much of the success of the mission, as measured by the number of Japanese Canadians who utilized its facilities and programmes, is due to the high level of involvement of local women. Until the World War II evacuation of Japanese Canadians from the coast of British Columbia, the mission's main facilities were located in Vancouver. In 1917 a male-dominated governing board took over the work, and attempted to 'professionalize' the mission during the interwar period. Still, of the over fifty middle-class Anglo-Canadian women, the majority were drawn from the local community, and a further seventeen Japanese Canadian women, originally from the mission's clientele, became involved in the work. A number of these women were employed as lay workers, and those who had the requisite training were engaged as professional missionaries, but more than half of the workers worked as volunteers. Work in the mission offered an attractive outlet through which these women channelled their energy, skills, and humanitarian propensities. It allowed Anglo-Canadian women to take on a public role while upholding contemporary notions concerning appropriate behaviour for their sex, "race" and class, while the Japanese Canadian workers gained the acceptance and esteem of their Occidental colleagues, and access to a respectable occupation at a time when they had few options to choose from. Thus by creating and largely maintaining the mission, a number of Anglican women, working within the confines of the maternal feminist ideology, built a sphere for themselves which encouraged their personal growth.
Eslizón tridáctilo ibérico – Chalcides striatus (Cuvier, 1829)
Creators: name: Pollo, César J.
name: Fernández Cardenete, Juan Ramón
name: Salvador Milla, Alfredo
Publisher: name: Salvador Milla, Alfredo
Year: 2015

description: Reptiles - Orden Squamata - Familia Scincidae en la Enciclopedia Virtual de Vertebrados Españoles, http://www.vertebradosibericos.org/. Versiones anteriores: 9-10-2012; 20-11-2012
description: A comprehensive review of the natural history of the Western three-toed skink Chalcides striatus in Spain.
Lisa de Salvador – Chalcides coeruleopunctatus Salvador, 1975
Creators: name: Salvador Milla, Alfredo
Publisher: name: Salvador Milla, Alfredo
Year: 2015

description: Reptiles - Orden Squamata - Familia Scincidae en la Enciclopedia Virtual de Vertebrados Españoles, http://www.vertebradosibericos.org/. Versiones anteriores: 19-03-2008; 4-08-2009
description: A comprehensive review of the natural history of the West Canary Spotted Skink Chalcides coeruleopunctatus in Spain.
The Global 21 Centimeter Background from High Redshifts
Creators: name: Furlanetto, Steven
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the evolution of the sky-averaged 21 cm background during the early phases of structure formation. Using simple analytic models, we calculate the thermal and ionization histories, assuming that stellar photons dominate the radiation background. The resulting 21 cm spectra can constrain the properties of the first generations of stars and quasars. If Population II stars dominate, Lyman-alpha coupling renders the IGM visible before it is heated by X-rays and long before reionization. Thus the 21 cm background has a strong absorption epoch followed by weaker emission that fades during reionization. The harder spectra of very massive Population III stars compress these transitions into a shorter time interval and decreases the signal amplitude. However, the reionization epoch will remain visible except in extreme cases. The global 21 cm signal will be challenging to observe because of astronomical foregrounds, but it offers an exciting opportunity to study the first sources of light. It also fixes the overall amplitude of the fluctuating background whose detection is a major goal of several next-generation low-frequency radio interferometers.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures, submitted to MNRAS
Culebra de Esculapio – Zamenis longissimus (Laurenti, 1768)
Creators: name: Rubio, Xabier
name: Gosá, Alberto
name: Salvador Milla, Alfredo
Publisher: name: Salvador Milla, Alfredo
Year: 2015

description: Reptiles - Orden Squamata - Familia Colubridae en la Enciclopedia Virtual de Vertebrados Españoles, http://www.vertebradosibericos.org/. Versiones anteriores: 20-12-2010
description: A comprehensive review of the natural history of the Aesculapian Ratsnake Zamenis longissimus in Spain.
The current treatment landscape in adult atopic dermatitis in the United States: results from a cross-sectional real-world study
Creators: name: Boytsov, Natalie N.
name: Gorritz, Magdaliz
name: Wang, Xin
name: Malatestinic, William N.
name: Wade, Rolin L.
name: Goldblum, Orin M.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: This study describes the current treatment landscape in adult atopic dermatitis (AD), overall and by disease severity. Adult patients with an AD diagnosis in dermatology-specific electronic medical records during 2018 were identified and linked to an administrative claims database. Disease severity was determined using Physician’s Global Assessment (PGA). Written and dispensed prescriptions, within and between class cycling for AD therapies occurring in 2018 were assessed. In total, 4,364 patients were included. Among patients with available PGA, 43.2% had clear-to-mild, 37.3% had moderate, and 19.6% had severe disease. Most patients (71.0%) had written prescriptions for topical therapies only in 2018. Among the patients with claims for topical therapies alone, 80.7% used topical corticosteroids only. Within and between class cycling was observed in 33.7% and 12.8% of topical users, respectively. In patients with systemic therapy (40.6%), nearly 84.9% also used topical therapy, 25.8% cycled within systemic drug classes, and 24.8% cycled between systemic drug classes. Overall, cycling was more prevalent in patients with more severe disease. Cycling within and between both topical and systemic drug classes was more common in patients with more severe disease, indicating difficulty of managing these patients and highlighting a need for more treatment options.
title: Pardela cenicienta mediterránea – Calonectris diomedea (Scopoli, 1769)
title: Pardela cenicienta – Calonectris diomedea (Scopoli, 1769)
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Reyes, José Manuel De Los
name: González-Solís, Jacob
name: Salvador Milla, Alfredo
Publisher: name: Salvador Milla, Alfredo
Year: 2016

description: Aves - Orden Procellariiformes - Familia Procellariidae en la Enciclopedia Virtual de Vertebrados Españoles, http://www.vertebradosibericos.org/. Versiones anteriores: 20-02-2012
description: A comprehensive review of the natural history of the Cory's Shearwater Calonectris diomedea in Spain.
Electronic nonequilibrium effect in ultrafast-laser-irradiated solids
Creators: name: Medvedev, Nikita
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper describes the effects of electronic nonequilibrium in a simulation of ultrafast laser irradiation of materials. The simulation scheme based on tight-binding molecular dynamics, in which the electronic populations are traced with a combined Monte Carlo and Boltzmann equation, enables the modeling of nonequilibrium, nonthermal, and nonadiabatic (electron-phonon coupling) effects simultaneously. The electron-electron thermalization is described within the relaxation-time approximation, which automatically restores various known limits such as instantaneous thermalization (the thermalization time $τ_{e-e} \rightarrow 0$) and Born-Oppenheimer approximation ($τ_{e-e} \rightarrow \infty$). The results of the simulation suggest that the non-equilibrium state of the electronic system slows down electron-phonon coupling with respect to the electronic equilibrium case in all studied materials: metals, semiconductors, and insulators. In semiconductors and insulators, it also alters the damage threshold of ultrafast nonthermal phase transitions induced by modification of the interatomic potential due to electronic excitation. It is demonstrated that the models that exclude electron-electron thermalization (using the assumption of $τ_{e-e} \rightarrow \infty$, such as BO or Ehrenfest approximations) may produce qualitatively different results, and a reliable model should include all three effects: electronic nonequilibrium, nonadiabatic electron-ion coupling, and nonthermal evolution of interatomic potential.
FigureS5_consensus_aic_rates.pdf from Ecological specialization, rather than the island effect, explains morphological diversification in an ancient radiation of geckos
Creators: name: Tejero-Cicuéndez, Héctor
name: Simó-Riudalbas, Marc
name: Menéndez, Iris
name: Carranza, Salvador
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology

description: Island colonists are often assumed to experience higher levels of phenotypic diversification than continental taxa. However, empirical evidence has uncovered exceptions to this ‘island effect’. Here, we tested this pattern using the geckos of the genus Pristurus from continental Arabia and Africa and the Socotra Archipelago. Using a recently published phylogeny and an extensive morphological dataset, we explore the differences in phenotypic evolution between Socotran and continental taxa. Moreover, we reconstructed ancestral habitat occupancy to examine if ecological specialization is correlated with morphological change, comparing phenotypic disparity and trait evolution between habitats. We found a heterogeneous outcome of island colonization. Namely, only one of the three colonization events resulted in a body size increase. However, in general, Socotran species do not present higher levels or rates of morphological diversification than continental groups. Instead, habitat specialization explains better the body size and shape evolution in Pristurus. Particularly, the colonization of ground habitats appears as the main driver of morphological change, producing the highest disparity and evolutionary rates. Additionally, arboreal species show very similar body size and head proportions. These results reveal a determinant role of ecological mechanisms in morphological evolution and corroborate the complexity of ecomorphological dynamics in continent–island systems.
PH Pfaffian intra and inter correlations in the quantum Hall bilayer
Creators: name: Milovanovic, M. V.
name: Djurdjevic, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: PH Pfaffian topological phase may exist in a uniform system due to strong Landau level (LL) mixing according to theoretical predictions based on the Son - Dirac composite fermion theory. Numerical investigations in the presence of large LL mixing are limited due to numerical complexities, when taking into account at least one more LL. Because of this, we apply the same field theoretical approach to the quantum Hall bilayer at total filling factor equal to one, for which many numerical studies exist. The most recent work in the torus geometry predicts an intermediate phase (for intermediate distances between layers) with an even-odd effect. According to our approach, the intermediate phase represents a mixed negative-flux $p$-wave pairing i.e. coexisting intra (PH Pfaffian in each layer) and inter (a la PH Pfaffian) pairing correlations. This again underlines a necessity for strong entanglement with additional degrees of freedom, i.e. at least one more (additional) LL in the search for a stable PH Pfaffian phase in a single layer. Based on the analogy with the bilayer physics we propose a PH Pfaffian wave function that resides in two LLs.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures, an appendix and references added
Relativistic mechanics of Casimir apparatuses in a weak gravitational field
Creators: name: Bimonte, Giuseppe
name: Calloni, Enrico
name: Esposito, Giampiero
name: Rosa, Luigi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper derives a set of general relativistic Cardinal Equations for the equilibrium of an extended body in a uniform gravitational field. These equations are essential for a proper understanding of the mechanics of suspended relativistic systems. As an example, the prototypical case of a suspended vessel filled with radiation is discussed. The mechanics of Casimir apparatuses at rest in the gravitational field of the Earth is then considered. Starting from an expression for the Casimir energy-momentum tensor in a weak gravitational field recently derived by the authors, it is here shown that, in the case of a rigid cavity supported by a stiff mount, the weight of the Casimir energy $E_C$ stored in the cavity corresponds to a gravitational mass $M=E_C/c^2$, in agreement with the covariant conservation law of the regularized energy-momentum tensor. The case of a cavity consisting of two disconnected plates supported by separate mounts, where the two measured forces cannot be obtained by straightforward arguments, is also discussed.
description: 9 pages, improved presentation and new references added
Some notes on topological calibers
Creators: name: Ríos-Herrejón, Alejandro
name: Tamariz-Mascarúa, Ángel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Topology (math.GN)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We show that the definition of caliber given by Engelking in R. Engelking, "General topology", Sigma series in pure mathematics, Heldermann, vol. 6, 1989, which we will call caliber*, differs from the traditional notion of this concept in some cases and agrees in others. For instance, we show that if $κ$ is an infinite cardinal with $2^κ<\aleph_κ$ and $cf(κ)>ω$, then there exists a compact Hausdorff space $X$ such that $o(X)=2^{\aleph_κ}=|X|$, $\aleph_κ$ is a caliber* for $X$ and $\aleph_κ$ is not a caliber for $X$. On the other hand, we obtain that if $λ$ is an infinite cardinal number, $X$ is a Hausdorff space with $|X|>1$, $ϕ\in \{w ,nw\}$, $o(X) = 2^{ϕ(X)}$ and $μ:= o\left(X^λ\right)$, then the calibers of $X^λ$ and the true calibers* (that is, those which are less than or equal to $μ$) coincide, and are precisely those that have uncountable cofinality.
LIWO: Lidar-Inertial-Wheel Odometry
Creators: name: Yuan, Zikang
name: Lang, Fengtian
name: Xu, Tianle
name: Yang, Xin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: LiDAR-inertial odometry (LIO), which fuses complementary information of a LiDAR and an Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU), is an attractive solution for state estimation. In LIO, both pose and velocity are regarded as state variables that need to be solved. However, the widely-used Iterative Closest Point (ICP) algorithm can only provide constraint for pose, while the velocity can only be constrained by IMU pre-integration. As a result, the velocity estimates inclined to be updated accordingly with the pose results. In this paper, we propose LIWO, an accurate and robust LiDAR-inertialwheel (LIW) odometry, which fuses the measurements from LiDAR, IMU and wheel encoder in a bundle adjustment (BA) based optimization framework. The involvement of a wheel encoder could provide velocity measurement as an important observation, which assists LIO to provide a more accurate state prediction. In addition, constraining the velocity variable by the observation from wheel encoder in optimization can further improve the accuracy of state estimation. Experiment results on two public datasets demonstrate that our system outperforms all state-of-the-art LIO systems in terms of smaller absolute trajectory error (ATE), and embedding a wheel encoder can greatly improve the performance of LIO based on the BA framework.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures, has published on IROS 2023. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2210.10424
Domain Adaptation of Reinforcement Learning Agents based on Network Service Proximity
Creators: name: Dey, Kaushik
name: Perepu, Satheesh K.
name: Dasgupta, Pallab
name: Das, Abir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The dynamic and evolutionary nature of service requirements in wireless networks has motivated the telecom industry to consider intelligent self-adapting Reinforcement Learning (RL) agents for controlling the growing portfolio of network services. Infusion of many new types of services is anticipated with future adoption of 6G networks, and sometimes these services will be defined by applications that are external to the network. An RL agent trained for managing the needs of a specific service type may not be ideal for managing a different service type without domain adaptation. We provide a simple heuristic for evaluating a measure of proximity between a new service and existing services, and show that the RL agent of the most proximal service rapidly adapts to the new service type through a well defined process of domain adaptation. Our approach enables a trained source policy to adapt to new situations with changed dynamics without retraining a new policy, thereby achieving significant computing and cost-effectiveness. Such domain adaptation techniques may soon provide a foundation for more generalized RL-based service management under the face of rapidly evolving service types.
description: 9 pages, Submitted to Netsoft 2023 conference
Table S3. from Ecological specialization, rather than the island effect, explains morphological diversification in an ancient radiation of geckos
Creators: name: Tejero-Cicuéndez, Héctor
name: Simó-Riudalbas, Marc
name: Menéndez, Iris
name: Carranza, Salvador
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology

description: Results of the PCA performed with specimen shape data. The table shows the loadings of each variable in each principal component, and the bars indicate the variance explained by each component.
FigureS4_phenograms_4habitats.pdf from Ecological specialization, rather than the island effect, explains morphological diversification in an ancient radiation of geckos
Creators: name: Tejero-Cicuéndez, Héctor
name: Simó-Riudalbas, Marc
name: Menéndez, Iris
name: Carranza, Salvador
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology

description: Island colonists are often assumed to experience higher levels of phenotypic diversification than continental taxa. However, empirical evidence has uncovered exceptions to this ‘island effect’. Here, we tested this pattern using the geckos of the genus Pristurus from continental Arabia and Africa and the Socotra Archipelago. Using a recently published phylogeny and an extensive morphological dataset, we explore the differences in phenotypic evolution between Socotran and continental taxa. Moreover, we reconstructed ancestral habitat occupancy to examine if ecological specialization is correlated with morphological change, comparing phenotypic disparity and trait evolution between habitats. We found a heterogeneous outcome of island colonization. Namely, only one of the three colonization events resulted in a body size increase. However, in general, Socotran species do not present higher levels or rates of morphological diversification than continental groups. Instead, habitat specialization explains better the body size and shape evolution in Pristurus. Particularly, the colonization of ground habitats appears as the main driver of morphological change, producing the highest disparity and evolutionary rates. Additionally, arboreal species show very similar body size and head proportions. These results reveal a determinant role of ecological mechanisms in morphological evolution and corroborate the complexity of ecomorphological dynamics in continent–island systems.
Absolute Parameters of Young Stars: V Puppis
Creators: name: Budding, Edwin
name: Love, Tom
name: Blackford, Mark G.
name: Banks, Timothy
name: Rhodes, Michael D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: New spectrometric data on V Pup are combined with satellite photometry (HIPPARCOS and recent TESS) to allow a revision of the absolute parameters with increased precision. We find: $M_1$ = 14.0$\pm$0.5, $M_2$ = 7.3$\pm$0.3 (M$_\odot$); $R_{1}$ = 5.48$\pm$0.18, $R_2$ = 4.59$\pm$0.15 (R$_\odot$); $T_{1}$ 26000$\pm 1000$, $T_2$ 24000 $\pm$1000 (K), age 5 $\pm$1 (Myr), photometric distance 320 $\pm$10 (pc). The TESS photometry reveals low-amplitude ($\sim$0.002 mag) variations of the $β$ Cep kind, consistent with the deduced evolutionary condition and age of the optical primary. This fact provides independent support to our understanding of the system as in a process of Case A type interactive evolution that can be compared with $μ^1$ Sco. The $\sim$10 M$_{\odot}$ amount of matter shed by the over-luminous present secondary must have been mostly ejected from the system rather than transferred, thus taking angular momentum out of the orbit and keeping the pair in relative close proximity. New times of minima for V Pup have been studied and the results compared with previous analyses. The implied variation of period is consistent with the Case A evolutionary model, though we offer only a tentative sketch of the original arrangement of this massive system. We are not able to confirm the previously reported cyclical variations having a 5.47 yr period with the new data, though a direct comparison between the HIPPARCOS and TESS photometry points to the presence of third light from a star that is cooler than those of the close binary, as mentioned in previous literature.
description: 13 pages, 12 figures, 8 tables. Accepted by MNRAS
Treparriscos – Tichodroma muraria (Linnaeus, 1758)
Creators: name: Purroy, Javier
name: Purroy, Francisco José
name: Falagán, Jorge
name: Salvador Milla, Alfredo
Publisher: name: Salvador Milla, Alfredo
Year: 2016

description: Aves - Orden Passeriformes - Familia Tichodromadidae en la Enciclopedia Virtual de Vertebrados Españoles, http://www.vertebradosibericos.org/. Versiones anteriores: 25-06-2014
description: A comprehensive review of the natural history of the Wallcreeper Tichodroma muraria in Spain.
FigureS2_boxplots_specimens.pdf from Ecological specialization, rather than the island effect, explains morphological diversification in an ancient radiation of geckos
Creators: name: Tejero-Cicuéndez, Héctor
name: Simó-Riudalbas, Marc
name: Menéndez, Iris
name: Carranza, Salvador
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology

description: Island colonists are often assumed to experience higher levels of phenotypic diversification than continental taxa. However, empirical evidence has uncovered exceptions to this ‘island effect’. Here, we tested this pattern using the geckos of the genus Pristurus from continental Arabia and Africa and the Socotra Archipelago. Using a recently published phylogeny and an extensive morphological dataset, we explore the differences in phenotypic evolution between Socotran and continental taxa. Moreover, we reconstructed ancestral habitat occupancy to examine if ecological specialization is correlated with morphological change, comparing phenotypic disparity and trait evolution between habitats. We found a heterogeneous outcome of island colonization. Namely, only one of the three colonization events resulted in a body size increase. However, in general, Socotran species do not present higher levels or rates of morphological diversification than continental groups. Instead, habitat specialization explains better the body size and shape evolution in Pristurus. Particularly, the colonization of ground habitats appears as the main driver of morphological change, producing the highest disparity and evolutionary rates. Additionally, arboreal species show very similar body size and head proportions. These results reveal a determinant role of ecological mechanisms in morphological evolution and corroborate the complexity of ecomorphological dynamics in continent–island systems.
Table S1. from Ecological specialization, rather than the island effect, explains morphological diversification in an ancient radiation of geckos
Creators: name: Tejero-Cicuéndez, Héctor
name: Simó-Riudalbas, Marc
name: Menéndez, Iris
name: Carranza, Salvador
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology

description: Morphological measures (in millimeters), geographic and habitat data from 697 specimens of the 30 species present in the phylogeny of Pristurus. Additionally, six specimens from two species without genetic material were taken: P. saada and P. simonettai. snout-vent length (SVL; distance from the tip of the snout to the cloaca), trunk length (TrL; distance between the fore and hind limb insertion points), head length (HL; taken axially from tip of the snout to the anterior ear border), head width (HW; taken at anterior ear border), head height (HH; taken laterally at anterior ear border), humerus length (Lhu; from elbow to the insertion of the forelimb), ulna length (Lun; from wrist to elbow), femur length (Lfe; from knee to the insertion of the hindlimb) and tibia length (Ltb; from ankle to knee).
Superconductivity above 30 K achieved in dense scandium
Creators: name: He, Xin
name: Zhang, Changling
name: Li, Zhiwen
name: Zhang, Sijia
name: Feng, Shaomin
name: Zhao, Jianfa
name: Lu, Ke
name: Min, Baosen
name: Peng, Yi
name: Wang, Xiancheng
name: Song, Jin
name: Wang, Luhong
name: Kawaguchi, Saori I.
name: Ji, Cheng
name: Li, Bing
name: Liu, Haozhe
name: Tse, J. S.
name: Jin, Changqing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Superconductivity is one of most intriguing quantum phenomena, and the quest for elemental superconductors with high critical temperature (Tc) is of great scientific significance due to their relatively simple material composition and the underlying mechanism. Here we report the experimental discovery of densely compressed scandium (Sc) becoming the first elemental superconductor with Tc breaking into 30 K range, which is comparable to the Tc values of the classic La-Ba-Cu-O or LaFeAsO superconductors. Our results show that Tconset of Sc increases from ~3 K at around 43 GPa to ~32 K at about 283 GPa (Tczero ~ 31 K), which is well above liquid neon temperature. Interestingly measured Tc shows no sign of saturation up to the maximum pressure achieved in our experiments, indicating that Tc might be even higher upon further compression.
description: 17 pages, 4 figures, plus supplementary materials with 5 pages and 3 figures
Gato montés – Felis silvestris Schreber, 1777
Creators: name: Lozano, Jorge
name: Salvador Milla, Alfredo
Publisher: name: Salvador Milla, Alfredo
Year: 2017

description: Mamíferos - Orden Carnivora - Familia Felidae en la Enciclopedia Virtual de Vertebrados Españoles, http://www.vertebradosibericos.org/. Versiones anteriores: 24-05-2007; 29-05-2008; 3-02-2009; 21-11-2014
description: A comprehensive review of the natural history of the Wildcat Felis silvestris in Spain.
Investigating the electronic origins of the repulsion between substitutional and interstitial solutes in hcp Ti
Creators: name: Gunda, N. S. Harsha
name: Levi, Carlos G.
name: Van der Ven, Anton
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The high solubility of oxygen in Ti, Zr and Hf makes it difficult to stabilize the protective oxide scales on their surfaces as the subsurface regions can serve as boundless sinks that continuously dissolve oxygen. Alloying elements are crucial to reduce the oxygen solubility and diffusivity within early transition metals. Past studies have shown that substitutional alloying additions to titanium repel interstitial oxygen. Here we use first-principles calculations to show that this repulsion is short ranged and identify a variety of factors that are likely responsible for the repulsive interaction. We identify a unique hybridization phenomenon between dissolved substitutional elements and interstitial oxygen within hcp Ti that leads to a repulsive interaction at short distances, similar to that between closed-shell atoms. Calculations of Bader charges also suggest the existence of short-range Coulomb interactions due to the accumulation of charge on the substitutional solute and interstitial oxygen that is drawn from the Ti host.
The Luminosities and Distance Scales of Type II Cepheid and RR Lyrae variables
Creators: name: Feast, Michael W.
name: Laney, Cliford D.
name: Kinman, Thomas D.
name: van Leeuwen, Floor
name: Whitelock, Patricia A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Infrared and optical absolute magnitudes are derived for the type II Cepheids kappa Pav and VY Pyx from revised Hipparcos parallaxes and for kappa Pav, V553 Cen and SW Tau from pulsation parallaxes. Phase-corrected JHK mags are given for 142 RR Lyrae variables based on 2MASS data. RR Lyrae itself is overluminous compared with LMC RR Lyraes at the classical Cepheid modulus (18.39) consistent with a prediction of Catalan and Cortes. V553 Cen and SW Tau deviate by only 0.02 mag in the mean from the Matsunaga PL(K) relation for globular cluster type II Cepheids with a zero-point based on the same LMC modulus. Comparing directly these two stars with type II Cepheids in the LMC and in the Galactic Bulge leads to an LMC modulus of 18.37\pm0.09 and a distance to the Galactic Centre of 7.64\pm 0.21kpc. Kappa Pav may be a binary. V553 Cen and SW Tau show that at optical wavelengths PL relations are wider for field stars than for those in globular clusters (abridged).
description: 29 pages, 13 figures, accepted for MNRAS
A parallel-in-time two-sided preconditioning for all-at-once system from a non-local evolutionary equation with weakly singular kernel
Creators: name: Lin, Xue-lei
name: Ng, Michael K.
name: Zhi, Yajing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65F10, 65F08, 15A12, 15A60,

description: In this paper, we study a parallel-in-time (PinT) algorithm for all-at-once system from a non-local evolutionary equation with weakly singular kernel where the temporal term involves a non-local convolution with a weakly singular kernel and the spatial term is the usual Laplacian operator with variable coefficients. We propose to use a two-sided preconditioning technique for the all-at-once discretization of the equation. Our preconditioner is constructed by replacing the variable diffusion coefficients with a constant coefficient to obtain a constant-coefficient all-at-once matrix. We split a square root of the constant Laplacian operator out of the constant-coefficient all-at-once matrix as a right preconditioner and take the remaining part as a left preconditioner, which constitutes our two-sided preconditioning. Exploiting the diagonalizability of the constant-Laplacian matrix and the triangular Toeplitz structure of the temporal discretization matrix, we obtain efficient representations of inverses of the right and the left preconditioners, because of which the iterative solution can be fast updated in a PinT manner. Theoretically, the condition number of the two-sided preconditioned matrix is proven to be uniformly bounded by a constant independent of the matrix size. To the best of our knowledge, for the non-local evolutionary equation with variable coefficients, this is the first attempt to develop a PinT preconditioning technique that has fast and exact implementation and that the corresponding preconditioned system has a uniformly bounded condition number. Numerical results are reported to confirm the efficiency of the proposed two-sided preconditioning technique.
เส้นทางการค้าใหม่ระหว่างไทยและสาธารณรัฐประชาธิปไตยประชาชนลาวเพื่อรองรับการเปิดประชาคมอาเซียน : กรณีศึกษาสะพานมิตรภาพไทย-ลาวแห่งที่ 5 (บึงกาฬ-บอลิคำไซ)
Creators: name: สุจิตรตรา ฤทธิ์สกุลชัย
Publisher: name: มหาวิทยาลัยมหาสารคาม
Year: 2557
Subjects: ศักยภาพทางเศรษฐกิจ, สะพานมิตรภาพไทย-ลาว แห่งที่ 5, ประชาคมอาเซียน

description: ฉบับพิเศษ, วารสารมนุษยศาสตร์และสังคมศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยมหาสารคาม