cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Study of unconventional techniques to eliminate mercury use from artisanal gold mining operations
Creators: name: Torkaman, Pariya
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2023

description: Artisanal gold mining significantly contributes to mercury pollution, resulting in severe environmental and health problems, especially for workers and local communities. The annual release of over 2000 tonnes of mercury by artisanal miners is the largest source of artificial mercury pollution. The author offers unconventional and innovative processes for gold leaching to eliminate the use of mercury in artisanal mining activities. A sample from the La Maria deposit, mined by Colombian artisanal miners, was used in all tests to compare the results. Lab tests on the sample with 48.87ppm Au, ground 80% below 0.13mm, showed that amalgamation only extracted less than 20% of the gold, while cyanidation with 1g/L of CN⁻ for 24h recovered 84% of the gold. One alternative process studied was using a liquid (effluent) from a local cassava plant, common in many artisanal mining areas in Latin America, Africa, and Asia. The liquid contains hydrogen cyanide, generated from the hydrolysis of cyanogenic glycosides in the cassava plant. The study tested two varieties of cassava that produce a liquid with 267 and 600 mg/L of free cyanide. The gold content extracted from ore in 24h was 50.9% and 82.4%, respectively. Another method was using Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), a water-free reagent, as a gold-leaching lixiviant, providing over 95% of gold extraction in 24 hours. Additionally, the author studied a modification of the classical Merrill-Crowe process, zinc cementation, which aimed to simplify the gold extraction process by eliminating filtration and vacuum by using bags filled with zinc (or aluminum) in the pulp agitation process. Over 99% of gold was precipitated on the zinc shavings in two hours when the agitation was reduced to avoid aeration. Chloride application was also studied, with results showing 100% gold extraction in 8h at 50°C. All the alternative strategies herein investigated involve knowledge and investment and must be adapted to site-specific conditions. The ideal conditions to eliminate mercury include transforming the polluting processing centers into small, responsible companies. While technology is essential in this process, a broader approach is required to minimize the negative impact of artisanal mining activities on the environment and local communities.
Full Operation of ECEC Settings Without Interruption
Creators: name: Daly, Mary
name: Ryu, Sunwoo
name: Polat, Ertugrul
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 440799
subject: Policy and administration not elsewhere classified

description: ECEC settings remained open for all children but the tolerance level for children to attend changed so that even small colds were a reason for a child to stay home
The relationship between spiritual health, spiritual dissonance and positive mental health
Creators: name: Daigle, Julie
Publisher: name: Université Saint-Paul / Saint Paul University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Spirituality
Spiritual dissonance
Spiritual health
Psychological distress
Mental health
Mental illness
Positive psychology
Religion
Religion and spirituality
Fisher

description: In his doctoral work, Fisher (1998) developed a definition of spiritual health inspired by positive psychology. He described four domains of spiritual health, namely the personal, communal, environmental, and transcendental domains. He then defined spiritual health as “a fundamental dimension of people’s overall health and well-being, permeating and integrating all the other dimensions of health (i.e., physical, mental, emotional, social and vocational)” (Fisher, 1998, p. 191). Although most of the scientific literature has found that religion and spirituality are negatively correlated to mental illness, the relationship between spiritual health, proposed by Fisher’s four domain model, and mental health has yet to be explored. Furthermore, in later writings, Fisher introduced the novel concept of spiritual dissonance which he defines as the difference between one’s actual spiritual lived-experience and one’s spiritual ideals. His model theoretically implies that spiritual dissonance would have a similar relationship to mental health as spiritual health; however, to this author’s knowledge, this has yet to be tested (Fisher, 2008). Mental health, as defined by Keyes, is not the mere absence of disease, but optimal emotional, psychological, and social functioning (Keyes, 2006b, 2007). Those three dimensions of positive mental health resemble the three dimensions that Fisher believes would be permeated by spiritual health and spiritual dissonance. The present thesis explored the relationship between spiritual health, spiritual dissonance, mental illness, and positive mental health in a convenient sample of undergraduate students from a Canadian university. The findings suggest that mental health is positively correlated to spiritual health (r = .40, p < .001) and negatively correlated to spiritual dissonance (r = -.39, p < .001). Furthermore, even though 22% of mental health variance was accounted for by psychological distress, an additional 13 % of variance was accounted for by spiritual health or 8% of variance by spiritual dissonance. Both spiritual health and spiritual dissonance were significantly related to mental health and significant predictors of mental health.
Beta-negative binomial nonlinear spatio-temporal random effects modeling of COVID-19 case counts in Japan
Creators: name: Ueki, Masao
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus has spread seriously throughout the world. Predicting the spread, or the number of cases, in the future can facilitate preparation for, and prevention of, a worst-case scenario. To achieve these purposes, statistical modeling using past data is one feasible approach. This paper describes spatio-temporal modeling of COVID-19 case counts in 47 prefectures of Japan using a nonlinear random effects model, where random effects are introduced to capture the heterogeneity of a number of model parameters associated with the prefectures. The negative binomial distribution is frequently used with the Paul-Held random effects model to account for overdispersion in count data; however, the negative binomial distribution is known to be incapable of accommodating extreme observations such as those found in the COVID-19 case count data. We therefore propose use of the beta-negative binomial distribution with the Paul-Held model. This distribution is a generalization of the negative binomial distribution that has attracted much attention in recent years because it can model extreme observations with analytical tractability. The proposed beta-negative binomial model was applied to multivariate count time series data of COVID-19 cases in the 47 prefectures of Japan. Evaluation by one-step-ahead prediction showed that the proposed model can accommodate extreme observations without sacrificing predictive performance.
The effects of compression stockings in physiology parameters of the people with spinal cord injury: the scoping review
Creators: name: Da Rocha Rodrigues, Stephany
name: Rossato, Mateus
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Sports Sciences
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences

description: Methods Search Strategy Inicialmente foi realizada uma busca nas bases de dados (JBI Database of Systematic Reviews and Implementation Reports, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, CINAHL, PubMed e PROSPERO) em busca de algum tipo de revisão envolvendo meias de compressão e lesados medulares. Nenhum estudo foi identificado. Esta revisão de escopo foi baseada no Joanna Briggs Institute Reviewer’s Manual (MUNN Z, 2017), que preconiza a formulação da pergunta de pesquisa, definida por “quais os efeitos fisiológicos do uso de meias de compressão por lesados medulares?". Os critérios de inclusão foram estabelecidos de acordo com o acrônimo PCC para revisão de escopo: os participantes (lesados medulares), os conceitos (efeitos fisiológicos) e o contexto (uso de meias de compressão). As buscas ocorreram nas bases de dados Medline (PubMed), Scopus, Web of Science, Sport Discus e Embase com os descritores (MeSH terms) e palavras-chaves "Compression stocking", "Garment" e "Spinal cord injury" interpostos pelos boleadores “AND” e “OR”. A seleção dos registros foi feita entre março e abril de 2020 e a revisão em maio a junho de 2020. Foram removidos artigos duplicados e após foi realizada a leitura dos títulos e dos abstracts por dois pesquisadores separadamente. Os artigos que não apresentaram consenso foram reavaliados por um terceiro pesquisador. Os artigos selecionados foram lidos na íntegra; foi verificada a existência de outros registros relevantes por meio da investigação das referências dos artigos selecionados. Inclusion and exclusion criteria Foram incluídos estudos experimentais, observacionais e descritivos, sem limitação de data ou idiomas. Fizeram parte estudos envolvendo seres humanos com lesão medular independente de sexo e idade que relacionasse a lesão medular e meias de compressão. Foram excluídos estudos que pessoas apresentavam hérnia de disco e artigos de revisão. Também foram excluídos artigos que usassem exclusivamente outras estratégias de compressão como (g-suite, abdominal bind e roupas com compressão pneumática). Data extraction Os dados extraídos foram classificados em 6 categorias: (1) Studies; (2) Caraterísticas dos participantes, (3) Intervenção realizada, (4) Características das meias de compressão, (5) Parâmetros avaliados e (6) Efeitos provocados pelo uso das meias.
DEVELOPMENT, IMPLEMENTATION OF AN EFFICIENT AND CHEAP METHOD FOR DNA EXTRACTION FROM DRY LEAVES OF DATE PALM WITHOUT USING LIQUID NITROGEN
Creators: name: Hzaa, Ahmed
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 70601 Horticultural Crop Growth and Development
subject: FOS: Agriculture, forestry and fisheries

description: Date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) is the most significant economic fruit tree planted in Iraq. DNAisolation is one of the most important steps in the application of molecular biology, especiallydependent on PCR and other techniques. The difficulty of DNA extracting from palm tissue couldbe because the solidity and high content of polyphenolic and polysaccharides compounds, thatconsequently obstruct DNA extraction and have prompte researchers to find the efficient methodsfor the isolation. This study describeds an effictive method for DNA extraction by using CTAB(Cetyl Trimethyl Ammonium Bromide) without liquid nitrogen. We have developed a simple andreliable method for DNA isolation from the leaves for six of date palm cultivars, the obtained resultsrecorded significant concentration and purity of isolated DNA which, were (567.6 -1047.1) ng/μL,and (1.82-2.00) nm respectively. DNA product was tested by four SSR-PCR markers, to produce 61clear bands, consequently, our result confirm that a modified method is perfect to DNA extractionfrom plant tissue without liquid nitrogen.
Full Operation of Schools Without Interruption
Creators: name: Daly, Mary
name: Ryu, Sunwoo
name: Polat, Ertugrul
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 440799
subject: Policy and administration not elsewhere classified

description: Primary and middle schools remained open for all children, with social distancing measures being decided at the school-level
The Kendall interaction filter for variable interaction screening in high dimensional classification problems
Creators: name: Anzarmou, Youssef
name: Mkhadri, Abdallah
name: Oualkacha, Karim
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Accounting for important interaction effects can improve the prediction of many statistical learning models. Identification of relevant interactions, however, is a challenging issue owing to their ultrahigh-dimensional nature. Interaction screening strategies can alleviate such issues. However, due to heavier tail distribution and complex dependence structure of interaction effects, innovative robust and/or model-free methods for screening interactions are required to better scale analysis of complex and high-throughput data. In this work, we develop a new model-free interaction screening method, termed Kendall Interaction Filter (KIF), for the classification in high-dimensional settings. KIF method suggests a weighted-sum measure, which compares the overall to the within-cluster Kendall's τ of pairs of predictors, to select interactive couples of features. The proposed KIF measure captures relevant interactions for the clusters response-variable, handles continuous, categorical or a mixture of continuous-categorical features, and is invariant under monotonic transformations. The tKIF measure enjoys the sure screening property in the high-dimensional setting under mild conditions, without imposing sub-exponential moment assumptions on the features' distribution. We illustrate the favorable behavior of the proposed methodology compared to the methods in the same category using simulation studies, and we conduct real data analyses to demonstrate its utility.
Additional file 12 of Pressure support and positive end-expiratory pressure versus T-piece during spontaneous breathing trial in difficult weaning from mechanical ventilation: study protocol for the SBT-ICU study
Creators: name: Mezidi, Mehdi
name: Yonis, Hodane
name: Chauvelot, Louis
name: Danjou, William
name: Dhelft, François
name: Bazzani, Alwin
name: Girard, Mehdi
name: Bitker, Laurent
name: Richard, Jean-Christophe
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Mental Health

description: Additional file 12.
title: Nernst Branes from Special Geometry
Creators: name: Errington, DC
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2017

description: This thesis is concerned with obtaining black brane solutions to Fayet-Iliopoulos gauged N=2 supergravity that obey the strong, Planckian version of the third law of black hole mechanics. We first construct a new two-parameter family of black brane solutions to gauged N=2 supergravity in four dimensions using time-like dimensional reduction as a solution generating technique. The solutions we obtain have zero entropy density in the zero temperature limit and hence satisfy the strong, Planckian version of the third law of black hole mechanics. Therefore, these "Nernst branes" could be holographically dual to (2+1)-dimensional systems in condensed matter physics where such behaviour is considered generic. Whilst the spacetime interpolates between different hyperscaling-violating Lifshitz geometries and thus correctly captures the scaling behaviour of such condensed matter systems, we observe singular behaviour in both the near horizon and asymptotic regimes. For the "very special" class of four-dimensional models under consideration, it is natural to try to resolve such behaviour by lifting the solution to five dimensions. Doing so, we find a family of boosted AdS-Schwarzschild black branes that continue to satisfy the third law. With AdS asymptotics comes access to techniques that allow for a more complete thermodynamic analysis. At the same time, this geometry fits naturally into gauge-gravity duality and resolves all asymptotic singular behaviour, suggesting the four-dimensional solution was unable to access the full degrees of freedom of the system. Interestingly however, the near horizon singularity persists which may suggest that a unique ground state is always accompanied by singular behaviour of the horizon.
ملامح الإنتاج العلمي المترجم للاستاذ حشمت قاسم من خلال كتاب آفاق الإتصال ومنافذه في علوم التكنولوجيا
Creators: name: زكريا،محمود شريف احمد
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: وسائل الإتصالات | الترجمة العملية | تكنولوجيا المعلومات | كتاب آفاق الإتصال | قاسم ، حشمت | علماء الإتصالات

description: تبحث الدراسة الحالية في ملامح الترجمة العلمية لدى أحد أبرز علماء المعلومات العرب، ممن أثروا حقل المكتبات وعلم المعلومات تنظيراً وتطبيقاً، حيث تتناول الدراسة بعض الملامح العلمية لشخصية الأستاذ الدكتور حشمت قاسم مترجماً، من خلال واحد من أبرز أعماله المترجمة في عقد الثمانينيات وأشهرها، من أجل أن تقف على مختلف السمات المرتبطة العلمي كمترجم؛ فقد كان لأعماله المترجمة أثراً ملحوظاً في فهم ظاهرة المعلومات، إنتاجاً وتداولاً وإفادةً، كما أن إنتاجه المترجم آخذٌ في الزيادة والإضافة إلى المكتبة العربية كماً، وفي الإفادة والنفع كيفاً.
FI Leave Here Tomorrow: Improving Inclusion in Canada’s French Immersion Programs
Creators: Allen, Britney H.
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2025

This paper presents a synthesis of the literature on inclusion in French immersion (FI) programs in Canada from the last 20 years. A lens of sociolinguistics for change (Davis, 2024; Roy, 2020) is used to examine policies around inclusion in FI, compare these policies to the realities of inclusion in FI, and seek approaches for making FI more inclusive. The policy landscape of inclusion in Canada is explored through key court cases. The gaps between inclusion policy and practice are described in terms of themes identified in the literature: multilingual learners, special education, and colonialism. The identified approaches to making FI more inclusive are addressing the FI teacher shortage; increasing FI research; more research-informed FI educators, leaders, and decision-makers; more diverse and inclusive learning and teaching resources in French; using plurilingual pedagogy; and using a professional learning community approach.
Extended data for ‘Effective interventions to increase representation of under-served groups in randomised trials in UK and Ireland: a scoping literature review
Creators: name: Biggs, Katie
Publisher: name: OSF
Year: 2024
Subjects: Clinical trial
Inclusion
Recruitment
Retention
Scoping review

description: Effective interventions to increase representation of under-served groups in randomised trials in UK and Ireland: a scoping literature review
Income and democracy: a bivariate copula approach
Creators: name: Paleologou, Suzanna-Maria
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: We propose a new approach for exploring the relationship between income and democracy by modeling the two most popular discrete democracy indexes, Polity IV and Freedom House, as a joint random variable by means of a copula function. Joint modeling is crucial for eliciting complementarity and/or substitutability amongst these indexes claiming to measure similar things, i.e. a country’s degree of democratization. We find strong evidence supporting both the existence of the relationship and the positive dependence between the two democracy indexes, suggesting that they are complements to each other. Our findings are robust to different samples and model specifications.
Temporary Parental Benefit
Creators: name: Daly, Mary
name: Ryu, Sunwoo
name: Polat, Ertugrul
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 440799
subject: Policy and administration not elsewhere classified

description: A temporary parental benefit (viss tillfällig föräldrapenning) was provided so that people could take time off from their work to take care for children
Variable targeting and reduction in large vector autoregressions with applications to workforce indicators
Creators: name: McElroy, T. S.
name: Trimbur, Thomas
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: We develop statistical tools for time series analysis of large multivariate datasets, when a few core series are of principal interest and there are many potential auxiliary predictive variables. The methodology, based on Vector Autoregressions (VAR), handles the case where unrestricted fitting is precluded by a large number of series and a huge parameter space. In particular, we adopt a forecast error criterion and use Granger-causality tests in a sequential manner to build a VAR model that targets the main variables. This approach affects variable reduction (or equivalently, sparsity restrictions) in a computationally fast way that remains feasible for large dimensions. The search for the best model results in a VAR, fitted with a selection of supporting series, that has the best possible forecast performance with respect to the core variables. We apply the statistical methodology to model real Gross Domestic Product and the national Unemployment Rate, two time series widely monitored by economists and policy-makers, based on a large set of Quarterly Workforce Indicators comprising various major sectors of the economy and different measures of labor market conditions.
title:  Separazione/Iniziazione/Ritorno: il ‘potere del mito’ nelle strutture narrative del cinema americano postclassico
Creators: name: Russo  , Paolo
Publisher: name: RomaTrE-Press
Year: 2019

description: Questo saggio propone una riflessione sulla struttura mitica al fine di valutarne l’effettiva validità nelle pratiche dello storytelling hollywoodiano contemporaneo. Prendendo le mosse dal paradigma del Viaggio dell’eroe, che Chris Vogler applica al cinema mutuandolo e adattandolo dal modello “monomitico” (Separazione/Iniziazione/Ritorno) avanzato da Joseph Campbell, si evidenziano elementi formali e regole che costituirebbero una sorta di linguaggio universale della narrazione. Una debita contestualizzazione della genealogia degli studi compiuti in questo ambito consente innanzitutto di comprendere meglio le ragioni della popolarità del modello preso in esame, soprattutto in virtù del portato filosofico, culturale e sociologico ad esso sotteso. Alcuni esempi pratici consentono quindi di notare come l’utilizzo di un paradigma narrativo (universale o meno) risulti proficuo o mostri i propri limiti nella misura in cui esso si presta in modo flessibile alla formulazione di numerose varianti. Infine, con riferimento a studi compiuti in ambito cognitivista, il saggio si concentra sul legame, dovuto alla natura intrinseca del mito, tra struttura archetipica e significati profondi connessi alla produzione di emozioni e alla nostra percezione del mondo.
description: Forme del mito e cinema americano
title: In-beam spectroscopy of high-K states in No-254
Creators: name: Ward, AJ
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2017

description: The transfermium nucleus No-254 (Z = 102, N = 152) has been studied in a recoil-decay tagging experiment using the SAGE in-beam spectrometer, RITU gas-filled separator and GREAT focal-plane spectrometer at the Accelerator Laboratory of the University of Jyväskylä (JYFL). Both γ rays and conversion electrons from the ground-state band of No-254 have been observed with SAGE. Coincidences between them can be seen and it is possible to measure internal conversion coefficients for some transitions in the band. This shows that they have E2 multipolarity, as expected for a rotational band built on a Kπ = 0+ state. The two previously identified K isomers in No-254 have also been seen. In the prompt data tagged on the slow isomer’s decay the prominent 605 keV transition from previous decay spectroscopy experiments is not seen with the expected intensity. This allows one of the previously proposed level schemes to be ruled out. It is possible that this transition is not seen in the in-beam data at all and the peak at this energy is entirely from inelastic neutron scattering reactions within the SAGE germanium detectors. If this is the case the 605 keV transition could directly depopulate the fast isomer into a band built on the slow isomer without any intermediate structure. There is not enough data to measure γ-ray branching ratios in the band built on the slow isomer so a new method has been developed to determine the single-particle structure of the isomer by comparing the in-beam conversion-electron spectrum above it with Geant4 simulations of the same level scheme with a varying single-particle g factor. This suggests that the structure of the slow isomer is the 7/2+[624]ν ⊗ 9/2-[734]ν two-neutron state.
Additional file 13 of Pressure support and positive end-expiratory pressure versus T-piece during spontaneous breathing trial in difficult weaning from mechanical ventilation: study protocol for the SBT-ICU study
Creators: name: Mezidi, Mehdi
name: Yonis, Hodane
name: Chauvelot, Louis
name: Danjou, William
name: Dhelft, François
name: Bazzani, Alwin
name: Girard, Mehdi
name: Bitker, Laurent
name: Richard, Jean-Christophe
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Mental Health

description: Additional file 13.
title: Rahmenkonzept zum Paket „Bedarfe von Lernenden“
Creators: name: Vierbuchen, M.-C.
name: Hillenbrand, C.
name: Rau, F.
name: Schorer, S.
name: Schröder, L.
name: Mudder, L.
Publisher: name: twillo
Year: 2022
Subjects: classificationCode: 5.3
subject: FOS: Educational sciences

description: In diesem Rahmenkonzept des Projektes "OER für die Lehrkräftebildung - Handlungsstrategien für heterogene Lerngruppen" wird das Ziel des Paketes „Bedarfe der Lernenden“ erläutert. Außerdem wird eine Übersicht über die einzelnen Produkte und ihren Einsatzmöglichkeiten gegeben. In dem Projekt haben wir OER-Materialien erstellt, die sich in der Lehrkräftebildung aller Lehrämter einsetzten lassen und das Thema Inklusion sowie die Arbeit mit heterogenen Lerngruppen näher beleuchten. Das Projekt ist eine Zusammenarbeit der Universitäten Oldenburg, Vechta und Flensburg, gefördert vom Niedersächsischen Ministerium für Wissenschaft und Kultur.
Revisiting the analysis pipeline for overdispersed Poisson and binomial data
Creators: name: Lee, Woojoo
name: Kim, Jeonghwan
name: Lee, Donghwan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Science Policy

description: Overdispersion is a common feature in categorical data analysis and several methods have been developed for detecting and handling it in generalized linear models. The first aim of this study is to clarify the relationships among various score statistics for testing overdispersion and to compare their performances. In addition, we investigate a principled way to correct finite sample bias in the score statistic caused by estimating regression parameters with restricted likelihood. The second aim is to reconsider the current practice for handling overdispersed categorical data. Although the conventional models are based on substantially different mechanisms for generating overdispersion, model selection in practice has not been well studied. We perform an intensive numerical study for determining which method is more robust to various overdispersion mechanisms. In addition, we provide some graphical tools for identifying the better model. The last aim is to reconsider the key assumption for deriving the score statistics. We study the meaning of testing overdispersion when this assumption is violated, and we analytically show the conditions for which it is not appropriate to employ the current statistical practices for analyzing overdispersed data.
Exilic and national consciousness in Ulysses
Creators: name: Barth, Charles
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2023

description: In the past forty years, many critics have increasingly read James Joyce’s Ulysses through attention to the author’s subtle political attachments, focusing particularly on his parodies of Irish nationalism and his anti-colonial commitments. I continue this discussion by examining the novel in conversation with Edward Said’s writings on “exilic consciousness” and “secular critical consciousness,” arguing Leopold Bloom exhibits both through his ability to criticize the Dublin environment he finds himself enmeshed within. He separates himself from his surrounding cultures while still integrating his external environment into his understanding of reality. Conversely, Stephen Dedalus, ostensibly an exilic figure due to his departure from and return to Ireland, fails in establishing an exilic consciousness, as he does not liberate his mind from a subservient, colonized positionality, rather seeking escape in aestheticism, isolation, and material concerns. I particularly examine these two characters in the “Telemachus,” “Nestor,” and “Calypso” chapters in relation to the nationalist forces (Irish, British, and Zionist) prevalent at the time. Then, through application of Frantz Fanon’s post-colonial writings and discussions of national consciousness, in contrast to nationalism, I demonstrate how the novel mocks Irish Nationalist rhetoric without denying its anti-colonial basis. Through a stylistic examination of the “Cyclops” chapter inspired by Roland Barthes Mythologies, I argue that the nameless first-person narrator, antisemitic Citizen, and omnific arranger exhibit similar cyclopean drives for hostile mockery, in contrast to Bloom’s parallactic vision of empathetic love and compassion. Through this vision, Bloom finds a means of resistance even within the hostile Dublin environment that ostracizes him based on essentialized notions of Irish purity, establishing the basis for a national consciousness that can lead into an international consciousness of solidarity among marginalized peoples and groups.
title: Crystal Structure Prediction for Complex Modular Materials
Creators: name: Bradley, K
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2017

description: This thesis concerns work on the structure solution and prediction of novel inorganic compounds, with specific focus on compounds that show potential use in commercial applications. The ability to predict structures at the atomic and molecular scale is a challenge at the forefront of inorganic and materials chemistry. Complex functional transition metal oxides can generally be described in terms of modules containing elements in particular chemical environments. This observation has led to the development of the Extended Module Materials Assembly (EMMA) approach for the generation of plausible candidate structures. The EMMA method is extended in this project to examine hexagonal perovskites and is first applied to Ba(Co,Nb)1-dO3, examining known structures to facilitate the discovery of new structures within the structural series. In the second instance, the EMMA method is applied to Ba3Nb2O8, which has an unconfirmed structure experimentally. It is in this case that the advantages and disadvantages of the EMMA method become increasingly apparent, with structures identified in the initial screening using classical lattice dynamics becoming less stable when re-ranked with density functional theory. Moving away from the EMMA method, a mixed system of LiMgPO4 and Li2MgSiO4 is investigated based on Monte Carlo site-swapping in an ideal oxide lattice. As with the EMMA approach, this method has several advantages and disadvantages, with successes seen for some compositions but not in others. The results in this thesis demonstrate the difficulty in rising to the challenge of crystal structure prediction and the exciting avenues that can be explored to help find answers. It is hoped that the work in this thesis can be built on in the future, through optimisation of the above methodologies and experimental synthesis of predicted compounds.
title: A behavioural investigation into body misperception in eating disorders
Creators: name: Sacchetti, V
Publisher: name: Liverpool John Moores University
Year: 2021

description: The current thesis analyses the body misperception and alterations in multisensory integration in participants presenting with different levels of eating disorders symptoms. Body perception and multisensory integration processes are assessed using the Somatic Signal Detection Task (SSDT) which involves detecting very subtle tactile vibrations in the presence or absence of a concomitant light. Clinical implication are discussed.
Additional Funding for NGOs to Tackle Increased Violence Due to COVID-19
Creators: name: Daly, Mary
name: Ryu, Sunwoo
name: Polat, Ertugrul
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 440799
subject: Policy and administration not elsewhere classified

description: Extra funding was distributed to NGOs working to tackle violence in various forms so that they could strengthen their relevant activities
Sensitivity analysis of error-contaminated time series data under autoregressive models with the application of COVID-19 data
Creators: name: Zhang, Qihuang
name: Yi, Grace Y.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Plant Biology

description: Autoregressive (AR) models are useful in time series analysis. Inferences under such models are distorted in the presence of measurement error, a common feature in applications. In this article, we establish analytical results for quantifying the biases of the parameter estimation in AR models if the measurement error effects are neglected. We consider two measurement error models to describe different data contamination scenarios. We propose an estimating equation approach to estimate the AR model parameters with measurement error effects accounted for. We further discuss forecasting using the proposed method. Our work is inspired by COVID-19 data, which are error-contaminated due to multiple reasons including those related to asymptomatic cases and varying incubation periods. We implement the proposed method by conducting sensitivity analyses and forecasting the fatality rate of COVID-19 over time for the four most populated provinces in Canada. The results suggest that incorporating or not incorporating measurement error effects may yield rather different results for parameter estimation and forecasting.
title: Exploring Gustatory Neural Coding and the Influence of Appetite and Expectancy
Creators: name: Wilton, MM
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2017

description: The purpose of this thesis was to explore human gustatory processing and how it is influenced by appetite and expectancy. The initial two years of the doctorate were dedicated to developing a gustometer mechanism and taste stimulus set to employ in the experimental investigations. Event-related potentials (ERPs), source-localised ERPs and event-related de-synchronisations and synchronisations (ERD/S) were then evaluated in response to taste characteristics under a variety of conditions. The first experiment assessed the ERP, source-localisation and ERD/S components associated with the processing of taste quality (sweet, salt, bitter, water), intensity (neutral, weak, medium, strong) and hedonicity (pleasant, unpleasant, neutral). Gustatory stimulation evoked activations within the primary gustatory cortex (PGC) and intensity was represented in early ERP epochs and by alpha- and beta-band ERD. Hedonicity was coded in late ERP epochs and by alpha-band ERD. Taste quality coding was difficult to determine from the EEG data. The second experiment compared the processing of pleasant sweet and unpleasant bitter tastes during states of hunger following overnight fasting and satiety induced by a standardised liquid meal. Hunger and satiety evoked maximal responses to tastes from limbic regions. Hunger greatly enhanced ERP and beta-band ERS responses to tastes in general. However, responses to sweet tastes were dependent on hunger state; with enhanced neural signals in response to sweet taste after satiating on a sweet meal - suggesting differential attentional and evaluative mechanisms employed under fasted and fed conditions. A final experiment examined the influence of cue-elicited expectancy on the processing of sweet tastes. Participants were validly or invalidly cued to expect a low- or high-concentration of sweet taste; both behavioural and neural responses to invalidly cued tastes assimilated to those that were produced by the taste the participants were cued to receive. These effects began ~100 ms after the onset of the tastes, suggesting that expectancy influences the early perceptual processing of taste. The overall findings of this thesis provide some of the first accounts of the temporal, source-localised and oscillatory dynamics of gustatory coding. The results also provide important implications for understanding how people’s experience of taste and food can be modified by appetite and expectancy.
title: Spinning the child: How records made for children construct childhood
Creators: name: Maloy, LA
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2017

description: This study examines records that have been made for children and the role they play in the construction of particular discourses of childhood. Firstly, I attempt to define the category of children’s music through reference to texts, audiences and the wider industry. I examine how such definitions have changed over time. Secondly, I assess the role of the adults in the production of children’s records and attempt to answer questions about the dissemination of ideology. How do children’s records indicate how adults perceive children, what they want them to know, to understand, how they want them to behave, and what they want them to become? What are the dominant ideologies being communicated? What role does nostalgia play in the choices adults make in creating records for children? The investigation aims to redress the neglect of the academy by examining a range of case studies to reveal how specific children’s records reflect and construct specific childhoods in different social, historical and geographical contexts. As such, I provide analyses of a variety of discourses of childhood, and theoretical concepts before examining societal attitudes to children in contingent synchronic settings. I employ a structuralist approach to reveal the stability and endurance of specific ideologies of childhood, and to investigate the competing and often contradictory ways in which these have manifested themselves in specific examples of children’s music. The study ‘listens in’ on childhood and examines the conversations that adults have conducted with children through musical artefacts over the years. Through the use of a Children’s Music Quotient, I analyse the degree of ‘childness’ (Hollidale, 1997) of individual texts. Ideas of implied readership, agency and competence are employed to assess the impact of a range of texts on audiences with a range of childness. The study reveals how changes in children’s music map changes in discourses of childhood through the decades. Specifically, folk music of the 1940s and 1950s served to foster the child as a member of a community, and a citizen with wider social responsibilities. The intergenerational appeal of the music of BBC’s Children’s Choice in the 1950s and 1960s frames children as family members consuming partially-age-differentiated musical products at home. Records of the 1970s and 1980s from TV shows such as Sesame Street and Bagpuss serve to partially individuate the child as a viewer through the production of age-differentiated products. Children’s records of the 1990s from The Wiggles, Hannah Montana and tween produce increasingly-individuated consumers of transmedial products. By the early 2000s, Kidz Bop and Pop Jr. related to the child as a consumer with rights and an identity driven by consumption. A study of music from the 2010s reveals the child as a consumer-producer framed in an intergenerational infantilised society.
title: THE IMPACT OF CRIMINALITY ON SUPPLY CHAIN INTEGRATION AND COMPANY PERFORMANCE IN THE DOWNSTREAM SECTOR OF THE PETROLEUM INDUSTRY [The Case of North-west Nigeria]
Creators: name: Darma, M
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2017

description: Abstract This thesis, with a focus on the downstream petroleum sector in North-west Nigeria, investigates the impact of intentional, human-induced disruptions on supply chain integration (SCI) dimensions. Two theories were used as guiding principles; crisis theory that presents criminality as a crisis situation in the industry; and the resources-based view (RBV) that explains SCI according to the organisational capability to collaborate and gain advantages using the available resources. It also examines the extent to which safety/security initiatives (as resources) mitigate these disruptions. Following mixed-methods of quantitative-qualitative sequential explanatory research design, the relationships between criminal elements and the dimensions of SCI and organisational performance. Quantitative analyses, guided by sets of hypotheses tested using regression analysis, ranked the criminal elements in order of their impact on SCI dimensions and impact of SCI dimensions on organisational performance. A Participatory Action Research (PAR) team was engaged to explain both the correlations and the causation resulting from the quantitative analysis by focusing on the vulnerable areas identified and by proposing solutions. To help decision-making, several decision-making tools (diagramming, visualization, etc) were used, expanding over 3,000 man hours of PAR meetings involving 17 members over a period of two years were recorded. Fifty Six (56) causes of disruption were identified, which were subsequently reduced to 34, of which 12 were primary and 22 secondary. Using diagramming, 21 causes were found to be central to criminality in the region of study. These causes and their attributes were discussed in a PAR setting. Organisations represented at the PAR implemented agreed implementable operational actions. The impact of those actions on organisational processes related to the security and safety of both products and facilities were evaluated and found to be effective countermeasures for the identified causes. This thesis work reveals that participatory security processes gives better security advantages for oil and gas facilities. As a result of this work a Participatory-oriented Security Approach model is proposed, in line with participatory theories.
Additional file 14 of Pressure support and positive end-expiratory pressure versus T-piece during spontaneous breathing trial in difficult weaning from mechanical ventilation: study protocol for the SBT-ICU study
Creators: name: Mezidi, Mehdi
name: Yonis, Hodane
name: Chauvelot, Louis
name: Danjou, William
name: Dhelft, François
name: Bazzani, Alwin
name: Girard, Mehdi
name: Bitker, Laurent
name: Richard, Jean-Christophe
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Mental Health

description: Additional file 14.
The effects of social experience and orange colouration on mating effort in male guppies (Poecilia reticulata)
Creators: name: Goberdhan, Versara Suzan
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2023

description: Selection for increased fitness often results in changes to an organism’s behavioural repertoire, and sexual behaviour can be modified in a plethora of ways. Here, I used the Trinidadian guppy, Poecilia reticulata, as a model study species to investigate two different aspects of male sexual behaviour. First, I examined how social environment affects male mate choice. I evaluated whether male guppies with previous social experience of female receptivity cues learn to prefer and adjust their behavioural repertoire towards females with higher receptiveness levels, as this represents an optimal use of time and energy and is more likely to result in insemination. While males that previously experienced receptivity cues did not change the strength of preference towards receptive females (results from dichotomous choice test), these males adapted their mating tactic compared to naïve males (results from no choice tests). This change in mating tactics but lack of preference towards receptive females suggests that although learning from previous experience is important, it might be weaker than predicted in this species. Next, I tested the association between two crucial factors driving sexual selection in this species, male colouration and male mating behaviour. To experimentally test the causal link between these two factors, I used guppies artificially selected for a high or low proportion of orange and quantified their mating tactics. I found that male guppies with greater orange colour increased their mating effort in sexual behaviours directed to court females for insemination. Additionally, males with greater orange colour increased their mating effort in coercive mating tactics. My results suggest that this sexually-selected signal is directly correlated with overall sexual effort. These results support the idea that orange is associated with greater male vigour through higher overall levels of sexual behaviour.