cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Quantitative structure - property relationship modeling of remote liposome loading of drugs
Creators: name: Barenholz, Yechezkel
name: Sedykh, Aleck
name: Tropsha, Alexander
name: Golbraikh, Alexander
name: Goldblum, Amiram
name: Cern, Ahuva
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Remote loading of liposomes by trans-membrane gradients is used to achieve therapeutically efficacious intra-liposome concentrations of drugs. We have developed Quantitative Structure Property Relationship (QSPR) models of remote liposome loading for a dataset including 60 drugs studied in 366 loading experiments internally or elsewhere. Both experimental conditions and computed chemical descriptors were employed as independent variables to predict the initial drug/lipid ratio (D/L) required to achieve high loading efficiency. Both binary (to distinguish high vs. low initial D/L) and continuous (to predict real D/L values) models were generated using advanced machine learning approaches and five-fold external validation. The external prediction accuracy for binary models was as high as 91–96%; for continuous models the mean coefficient R2 for regression between predicted versus observed values was 0.76–0.79. We conclude that QSPR models can be used to identify candidate drugs expected to have high remote loading capacity while simultaneously optimizing the design of formulation experiments.
Variational versus perturbative relativistic energies for small and light atomic and molecular systems
Creators: name: Ferenc, Dávid
name: Jeszenszki, Péter
name: Mátyus, Edit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Variational and perturbative relativistic energies are computed and compared for two-electron atoms and molecules with low nuclear charge numbers. In general, good agreement of the two approaches is observed. Remaining deviations can be attributed to higher-order relativistic, also called non-radiative quantum electrodynamics (QED), corrections of the perturbative approach that are automatically included in the variational solution of the no-pair Dirac$-$Coulomb$-$Breit (DCB) equation to all orders of the $α$ fine-structure constant. The analysis of the polynomial $α$ dependence of the DCB energy makes it possible to determine the leading-order relativistic correction to the non-relativistic energy to high precision without regularization. Contributions from the Breit$-$Pauli Hamiltonian, for which expectation values converge slowly due the singular terms, are implicitly included in the variational procedure. The $α$ dependence of the no-pair DCB energy shows that the higher-order ($α^4 E_\mathrm{h}$) non-radiative QED correction is 5 % of the leading-order ($α^3 E_\mathrm{h}$) non-radiative QED correction for $Z=2$ (He), but it is 40 % already for $Z=4$ (Be$^{2+}$), which indicates that resummation provided by the variational procedure is important already for intermediate nuclear charge numbers.
Nonparametric Estimation and Testing for Time-Varying VAR Models
Creators: name: Gao, Jiti
name: Peng, Bin
name: Yan, Yayi
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Econometric and statistical methods
Econometrics not elsewhere classified

description: Vector autoregressive (VAR) models are widely used in practical studies, e.g., forecasting, modelling policy transmission mechanism, and measuring connection of economic agents. To better capture the dynamics, this paper introduces a new class of time-varying VAR models in which the coefficients and covariance matrix of the error innovations are allowed to change smoothly over time. Accordingly, we establish a set of asymptotic properties including the impulse response analyses subject to structural VAR identification conditions, an information criterion to select the optimal lag, and a Wald-type test to determine the constant coefficients. Simulation studies are conducted to evaluate the theoretical findings. Finally, we demonstrate the empirical relevance and usefulness of the proposed methods through an application on US government spending multipliers.
The effect of particle size on the biodistribution of low-modulus hydrogel PRINT particles
Creators: name: Pandya, Ashish A.
name: Jones, Stephen W.
name: Napier, Mary E.
name: Zamboni, William E.
name: Chen, Kai
name: DeSimone, Joseph M.
name: Merkel, Timothy J.
name: Tian, Shaomin
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: There is a growing recognition that the deformability of particles used for drug delivery plays a significant role on their biodistribution and circulation profile. Understanding these effects would provide a crucial tool for the rational design of drug delivery systems. While particles resembling red blood cells (RBCs) in size, shape and deformability have extended circulation times and altered biodistribution profiles compared to rigid, but otherwise similar particles, the in vivo behavior of such highly deformable particles of varied size has not been explored. We report the fabrication of a series of discoid, monodisperse, low-modulus hydrogel particles with diameters ranging from 0.8 to 8.9 μm, spanning sizes smaller than and larger than RBCs. We injected these particles into healthy mice, and tracked their concentration in the blood and their distribution into major organs. These deformable particles all demonstrated some hold up in filtration tissues like the lungs and spleen, followed by release back into the circulation, characterized by decreases in particles in these tissues with concomitant increases in particle concentration in blood. Particles similar to red blood cells in size demonstrated longer circulation times, suggesting that this size and shape of deformable particle is uniquely suited to avoid clearance.
Comparing supernova remnants around strongly magnetized and canonical pulsars
Creators: name: Martin, J.
name: Rea, N.
name: Torres, D. F.
name: Papitto, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The origin of the strong magnetic fields measured in magnetars is one of the main uncertainties in the neutron star field. On the other hand, the recent discovery of a large number of such strongly magnetized neutron stars, is calling for more investigation on their formation. The first proposed model for the formation of such strong magnetic fields in magnetars was through alpha-dynamo effects on the rapidly rotating core of a massive star. Other scenarios involve highly magnetic massive progenitors that conserve their strong magnetic moment into the core after the explosion, or a common envelope phase of a massive binary system. In this work, we do a complete re-analysis of the archival X-ray emission of the Supernova Remnants (SNR) surrounding magnetars, and compare our results with all other bright X-ray emitting SNRs, which are associated with Compact Central Objects (CCOs; which are proposed to have magnetar-like B-fields buried in the crust by strong accretion soon after their formation), high-B pulsars and normal pulsars. We find that emission lines in SNRs hosting highly magnetic neutron stars do not differ significantly in elements or ionization state from those observed in other SNRs, neither averaging on the whole remnants, nor studying different parts of their total spatial extent. Furthermore, we find no significant evidence that the total X-ray luminosities of SNRs hosting magnetars, are on average larger than that of typical young X-ray SNRs. Although biased by a small number of objects, we found that for a similar age, there is the same percentage of magnetars showing a detectable SNR than for the normal pulsar population.
description: 16 pages, 5 figures, Accepted for publication in MNRAS
New modeling method to simulate asphaltenes at oil sands process in water management
Creators: Jing Yuan, Lexuan Zhong, Mohammadtaghi Vakili, Giwa Abdulmoseen Segun
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2019

The study of various structures, physicochemical structures and dynamic characteristics of oil-water interface asphaltenes is an important basis for the large-scale development and efficient clean utilization of oil sands. The molecular dynamics simulations method provides a possibility for revealing the physicochemical structure and dynamic characteristics of oil sands. The emphasis of this paper is to study the physic-chemical structure of tar sands asphaltenes and the changes of their kinetic properties by using molecular dynamics simulations. Molecular dynamics was used to simulate the physicochemical and dynamic characteristics of asphaltenes in water treatment of the oil sands. In this research, the structural and dynamic properties of asphaltenes, such as density distribution, correlation (radial distribution function), root-mean-square deviation (RMSD), and mean azimuth shift (MSD), diffusion coefficient, the radius of gyration, volume viscosity and free energy in water treatment were systematically discussed. The simulation results of asphaltene at the oil-water interface revealed that, in the oil-water interface, oil and water will affect the solubility of asphaltene. The asphaltene molecules have different mobility and the ability to break molecular association, indicating that the structure and dynamic properties of asphaltene in the oil-water interface and the water-water interface are different.
Pantomime e parodie russe al Teatro degli Indipendenti di A. G. Bragaglia
Creators: name: D'Amelia Antonella
Publisher: name: Roma : Carocci
Year: 2013
Subjects: Petr Potemkin
Theatre of the Indipendenti
Parodies

description: The article examines some performances held in Rome in Anton Giulio Bragaglia’s Teatro degli Indipendenti (Theatre of Independents) by Russian artists (dancers, mimes, musicians and writers) during the Nineteen Twenties and Thirties. During those decades the Teatro degli Indipendenti first put on the Italian stage unpublished texts and scenic design innovations. It was a privileged place for artistic experiments, an innovative theatre workshop, a space of encounter of different cultures, especially Russian. In the first part, the article presents some pantomimes with the successful participation of Russian dancers as it is documented in the press of the time; the second part analyzes two parodies of the playwright and poet Petr Potemkine and highlights the difficulties encountered by director Bragaglia in representing complex dramaturgical texts.
Targeted drug delivery with focused ultrasound-induced blood-brain barrier opening using acoustically-activated nanodroplets
Creators: name: Dayton, Paul A.
name: Konofagou, Elisa E.
name: Chen, Cherry C.
name: Sheeran, Paul S.
name: Olumolade, Oluyemi O.
name: Wu, Shih-Ying
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Focused ultrasound (FUS) in the presence of systemically administered microbubbles has been shown to locally, transiently and reversibly increase the permeability of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), thus allowing targeted delivery of therapeutic agents in the brain for the treatment of central nervous system diseases. Currently, microbubbles are the only agents that have been used to facilitate the FUS-induced BBB opening. However, they are constrained within the intravascular space due to their micron-size diameters, limiting the delivery effect at or near the microvessels. In the present study, acoustically-activated nanodroplets were used as a new class of contrast agents to mediate FUS-induced BBB opening in order to study the feasibility of utilizing these nanoscale phase-shift particles for targeted drug delivery in the brain. Significant dextran delivery was achieved in the mouse hippocampus using nanodroplets at clinically relevant pressures. Passive cavitation detection was used in the attempt to establish a correlation between the amount of dextran delivered in the brain and the acoustic emission recorded during sonication. Conventional microbubbles with the same lipid shell composition and perfluorobutane core as the nanodroplets were also used to compare the efficiency of FUS-induced dextran delivery. It was found that nanodroplets had a higher BBB opening pressure threshold but a lower stable cavitation threshold than microbubbles, suggesting that contrast agent-dependent acoustic emission monitoring was needed. More homogeneous dextran delivery within the targeted hippocampus was achieved using nanodroplets without inducing inertial cavitation or compromising safety. Our results offered a new means of developing the FUS-induced BBB opening technology for potential extravascular targeted drug delivery in the brain, extending the potential drug delivery region beyond the cerebral vasculature.
Strain-induced electronic phase transition and strong enhancement of thermopower of TiS2
Creators: name: Samanta, Atanu
name: Pandey, Tribhuwan
name: Singh, Abhishek K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using first principles density functional theory calculations, we show a semimetal to semiconducting electronic phase transition for bulk TiS 2 by applying uniform biaxial tensile strain. This electronic phase transition is triggered by charge transfer from Ti to S, which eventually reduces the overlap between Ti-(d) and S-(p) orbitals. The electronic transport calculations show a large anisotropy in electrical conductivity and thermopower, which is due to the difference in the effective masses along the in-plane and out of plane directions. Strain induced opening of band gap together with changes in dispersion of bands lead to three-fold enhancement in thermopower for both p- and n-type TiS2 . We further demonstrate that the uniform tensile strain, which enhances the thermoelectric performance, can be achieved by doping TiS2 with larger iso-electronic elements such as Zr or Hf at Ti sites.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures
Turning an antiviral into an anticancer drug: Nanoparticle delivery of acyclovir monophosphate
Creators: name: Huang, Leaf
name: Ramishetti, Srinivas
name: Wang, Yuhua
name: Yao, Jing
name: Zhang, Yuan
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Anti-herpes simplex virus (HSV) drug acyclovir (ACV) is phosphorylated by the viral thymidine kinase (TK), but not the cellular TK. Phosphorylated ACV inhibits cellular DNA synthesis and kills the infected cells. We hypothesize that ACV monophosphate (ACVP), which is an activated metabolite of ACV, should be efficient in killing cells independent of HSV-TK. If so, ACVP should be a cytotoxic agent if properly delivered to the cancer cells. The Lipid/Calcium/Phosphate (LCP) nanoparticles (NPs) with a membrane/core structure were used to encapsulate ACVP to facilitate the targeted delivery of ACVP to the tumor. The LCP NPs showed entrapment efficiency of ~69%, the nano-scaled particle size and positive zeta potential. Moreover, ACVP-loaded LCP NPs (A-LCP NPs) exhibited concentration-dependent cytotoxicity against H460 cells and increased S-phase arrest. More importantly, a significant reduction of the tumor volume over 4 days following administration (p<0.05~0.005) of A-LCP NPs, suggests excellent in vivo efficacy. Whereas, two free drugs (ACV and ACVP) and blank LCP NPs showed little or no therapeutic effect. It was also found that the high efficacy of A-LCP NPs was associated with the ability to induce dramatic apoptosis of the tumor cells, as well as significantly inhibit tumor cell proliferation and cell cycle progression. In conclusion, with the help of LCP NPs, monophosphorylation modification of ACV can successfully modify an HSV-TK-dependent antiviral drug into an anti-tumor drug.
Региональная экономическая политика: цели и инструменты оценки эффективности
Creators: name: Юцис, Алексей
Publisher: name: ООО Цифра
Year: 2024
Subjects: region
economic policy
economic policy instruments
assessment
development prospects
регион
экономическая политика
инструменты экономической политики
оценка
перспективы развития

description: Cifra. Экономика, Выпуск 3 (6) 2024
Agile delivery of protein therapeutics to CNS
Creators: name: Manickam, Devika S.
name: Kabanov, Alexander V.
name: Yi, Xiang
name: Brynskikh, Anna
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: A variety of therapeutic proteins have shown potential to treat central nervous system (CNS) disorders. Challenge to deliver these protein molecules to the brain is well known. Proteins administered through parenteral routes are often excluded from the brain because of their poor bioavailability and the existence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Barriers also exist to proteins administered through non-parenteral routes that bypass the BBB. Several strategies have shown promise in delivering proteins to the brain. This review, first, describes the physiology and pathology of the BBB that underscore the rationale and needs of each strategy to be applied. Second, major classes of protein therapeutics along with some key factors that affect their delivery outcomes are presented. Third, different routes of protein administration (parenteral, central intracerebroventricular and intraparenchymal, intranasal and intrathecal) are discussed along with key barriers to CNS delivery associated with each route. Finally, current delivery strategies involving chemical modification of proteins and use of particle-based carriers are overviewed using examples from literature and our own work. Whereas most of these studies are in the early stage, some provide proof of mechanism of increased protein delivery to the brain in relevant models of CNS diseases, while in few cases proof of concept had been attained in clinical studies. This review will be useful to broad audience of students, academicians and industry professionals who consider critical issues of protein delivery to the brain and aim developing and studying effective brain delivery systems for protein therapeutics.
Are pulsar halos rare ?
Creators: name: Martin, Pierrick
name: Marcowith, Alexandre
name: Tibaldo, Luigi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Extended gamma-ray emission, interpreted as halos formed by the inverse-Compton scattering of ambient photons by electron-positron pairs, is observed toward a number of middle-aged pulsars. The physical origin and actual commonness of the phenomenon in the Galaxy remain unclear. The conditions of pair confinement seem extreme compared to what can be achieved in recent theoretical models. We searched for scenarios minimizing as much as possible the extent and magnitude of diffusion suppression in the halos in J0633+1746 and B0656+14, and explored the implications on the local positron flux if they are applied to all nearby middle-aged pulsars. We used a phenomenological static two-zone diffusion framework and compared its predictions with Fermi-LAT and HAWC observations of the two halos, and with the local positron flux measured with AMS-02. While strong diffusion suppression by 2-3 orders of magnitude at ~100TeV is required by the data, it is possible to find solutions with diffusion suppression extents as small as 30pc for both objects. If all nearby middle-aged pulsars develop such halos, their combined positron flux including the contribution from Geminga would saturate the >100GeV AMS-02 measurement for injection efficiencies that are much smaller than those inferred for the canonical halos in J0633+1746 and B0656+14, and more generally with the values typical of younger pulsar wind nebulae. Conversely, if positrons from other nearby pulsars are released in the interstellar medium without any confinement around the source, their total positron flux fits into the observed spectrum for the same injection efficiencies of a few tens of percent for all pulsars, from kyr-old objects powering pulsar wind nebulae to 100kyr-old objects like J0633+1746 and B0656+14. It seems a simpler scenario to assume that most middle-aged pulsars do not develop halos (abridged).
description: 17 pages, 22 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
Multi-Level Panel Data Models: Estimation and Empirical Analysis
Creators: name: Feng, Guohua
name: Gao, Jiti
name: Peng, Bin
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Econometric and statistical methods
Econometrics not elsewhere classified

description: Despite its paramount importance in the empirical growth literature, productivity convergence analysis has three issues that have yet to be addressed: (1) the hierarchical structure of industry-level datasets has little been fully explored; (2) industry-level technology heterogeneity has largely been ignored; and (3) crosssectional dependence has rarely been allowed for. This paper aims to address these three problems within a hierarchical panel data framework. We establish asymptotic properties for the proposed estimator, and apply the framework to a dataset of 23 manufacturing industries from a wide range of countries over the period 1963-2018. Our results show that both the manufacturing industry as a whole and individual manufacturing industries at the ISIC two-digit level exhibit strong conditional convergence in labour productivity, but not unconditional convergence. In addition, our results show that both global and industry-specific shocks are important in explaining the convergence behaviours of the manufacturing industries.
ТЕНДЕНЦИИ ЦИФРОВОЙ ТРАНСФОРМАЦИИ ВЫСОКОТЕХНОЛОГИЧНЫХ ПРЕДПРИЯТИЙ В УСЛОВИЯХ ПЕРЕХОДА ОТ ИНДУСТРИИ 4.0 К ИНДУСТРИИ 5.0
Creators: name: Сообщество рецензентов Международного научно-исследовательского журнала
Publisher: name: ООО Цифра
Year: 2024
Subjects: industry 4.0
industry 5.0
high-tech enterprise
industrial Internet of Things
cloud computing
digitalization
digital economy
digital competition
digital transformation
artificial intelligence
индустрия 4.0
индустрия 5.0
высокотехнологичное предприятие
промышленный интернет вещей
облачные вычисления
цифровизация
цифровая экономика
цифровая конкуренция
цифровая трансформация
искусственный интеллект

description: Cifra. Экономика, Выпуск 3 (6) 2024
Computer-aided design of liposomal drugs: In silico prediction and experimental validation of drug candidates for liposomal remote loading
Creators: name: Cern, Ahuva
name: Tropsha, Alexander
name: Goldblum, Amiram
name: Barenholz, Yechezkel
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Previously we have developed and statistically validated Quantitative Structure Property Relationship (QSPR) models that correlate drugs’ structural, physical and chemical properties as well as experimental conditions with the relative efficiency of remote loading of drugs into liposomes (Cern et al, Journal of Controlled Release, 160(2012) 14–157). Herein, these models have been used to virtually screen a large drug database to identify novel candidate molecules for liposomal drug delivery. Computational hits were considered for experimental validation based on their predicted remote loading efficiency as well as additional considerations such as availability, recommended dose and relevance to the disease. Three compounds were selected for experimental testing which were confirmed to be correctly classified by our previously reported QSPR models developed with Iterative Stochastic Elimination (ISE) and k-nearest neighbors (kNN) approaches. In addition, 10 new molecules with known liposome remote loading efficiency that were not used in QSPR model development were identified in the published literature and employed as an additional model validation set. The external accuracy of the models was found to be as high as 82% or 92%, depending on the model. This study presents the first successful application of QSPR models for the computer-model-driven design of liposomal drugs.
Inquiry-Based Mathematics Education: a call for reform in tertiary education seems unjustified
Creators: name: Evans, Tanya
name: Dietrich, Heiko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: History and Overview (math.HO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 97-02

description: In the last decade, major efforts have been made to promote inquiry-based mathematics learning at the tertiary level. The Inquiry-Based Mathematics Education (IBME) movement has gained strong momentum among some mathematicians, attracting substantial funding, including from some US government agencies. This resulted in the successful mobilization of regional consortia in many states, uniting over 800 mathematics education practitioners working to reform undergraduate education. Inquiry-based learning is characterized by the fundamental premise that learners should be allowed to learn 'new to them' mathematics without being taught. This progressive idea is based on the assumption that it is best to advance learners to the level of experts by engaging learners in mathematical practices similar to those of practising mathematicians: creating new definitions, conjectures and proofs - that way learners are thought to develop 'deep mathematical understanding'. However, concerted efforts to radically reform mathematics education must be systematically scrutinized in view of available evidence and theoretical advances in the learning sciences. To that end, this scoping review sought to consolidate the extant research literature from cognitive science and educational psychology, offering a critical commentary on the effectiveness of inquiry-based learning. Our analysis of research articles and books pertaining to the topic revealed that the call for a major reform by the IBME advocates is not justified. Specifically, the general claim that students would learn better (and acquire superior conceptual understanding) if they were not taught is not supported by evidence. Neither is the general claim about the merits of IBME for addressing equity issues in mathematics classrooms.
description: 24 pages, submitted to STEM Education for review
Constraining masses and separations of unseen companions to five accelerating nearby stars
Creators: name: Mesa, D.
name: Bonavita, M.
name: Benatti, S.
name: Gratton, R.
name: Marino, S.
name: Kervella, P.
name: D'Orazi, V.
name: Desidera, S.
name: Henning, T.
name: Janson, M.
name: Langlois, M.
name: Rickman, E.
name: Vigan, A.
name: Zurlo, A.
name: Baudino, J. -L.
name: Biller, B.
name: Boccaletti, A.
name: Bonnefoy, M.
name: Brandner, W.
name: Buenzli, E.
name: Cantalloube, F.
name: Fantinel, D.
name: Fontanive, C.
name: Galicher, R.
name: Ginski, C.
name: Girard, J.
name: Hagelberg, J.
name: Kopytova, T.
name: Lazzoni, C.
name: Coroller, H. Le
name: Ligi, R.
name: Llored, M.
name: Maire, A. -L.
name: Mouillet, D.
name: Perrot, C.
name: Rochat, S.
name: Romero, C.
name: Rouan, D.
name: Samland, M.
name: Schmidt, T. O. B.
name: Sissa, E.
name: Wildi, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aims. This work aims at constraining the masses and separations of potential substellar companions to five accelerating stars (HIP 1481, HIP 88399, HIP 96334, HIP 30314 and HIP 116063) using multiple data sets acquired with different techniques. Methods. Our targets were originally observed as part of the SPHERE/SHINE survey, and radial velocity (RV) archive data were also available for four of the five objects. No companions were originally detected in any of these data sets, but the presence of significant proper motion anomalies (PMa) for all the stars strongly suggested the presence of a companion. Combining the information from the PMa with the limits derived from the RV and SPHERE data, we were able to put constraints on the characteristics of the unseen companions. Results. Our analysis led to relatively strong constraints for both HIP 1481 and HIP 88399, narrowing down the companion masses to 2-5 M_Jup and 3-5 M_Jup and separations within 2-15 au and 3-9 au, respectively. Because of the large age uncertainties for HIP 96334, the poor observing conditions for the SPHERE epochs of HIP 30314 and the lack of RV data for HIP 116063, the results for these targets were not as well defined, but we were still able to constrain the properties of the putative companions within a reasonable confidence level. Conclusions. For all five targets, our analysis has revealed that the companions responsible for the PMa signal would be well within reach for future instruments planned for the ELT (e.g., MICADO), which would easily achieve the required contrast and angular resolution. Our results therefore represent yet another confirmation of the power of multi-technique approaches for both the discovery and characterisation of planetary systems.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publications on A&A
Affine Weyl Group Multiple Dirichlet Series: Type $\tilde{A}$
Creators: name: Whitehead, Ian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We define a multiple Dirichlet series whose group of functional equations is the Weyl group of the affine Kac-Moody root system $\tilde{A}_n$, generalizing the theory of multiple Dirichlet series for finite Weyl groups. The construction is over the rational function field $\mathbb{F}_q(t)$, and is based upon four natural axioms from algebraic geometry. We prove that the four axioms yield a unique series with meromorphic continuation to the largest possible domain and the desired infinite group of symmetries.
description: 28 pages. Comments more than welcome. This is the first of three papers based on the author's thesis: http://arxiv.org/abs/1406.0573
Risk-Sharing Tests with Network Transaction Costs
Creators: name: Cox, Christian
name: Negi, Akanksha
name: Negi, Digvijay
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Econometric and statistical methods
Econometrics not elsewhere classified

description: In a world with costly transfers, some agents with high transaction costs may not find it feasible to trade. Hence, their consumption will co-vary with their endowment, leading to imperfect risksharing. In this paper, we augment the canonical risk-sharing model to incorporate frictions in the form of transaction costs. In this augmented model, given a particular network structure, risk sharing will happen within networks and not the whole universe of agents. We show that transaction costs and the implied network structure of trade have important implications for the tests of risk sharing. Using this model, we derive a structural risk-sharing test that uses consumption and production data alongside the trade network structure. We implement our method using data from the global trade of three major staple food commodities. Comparing our estimates with the benchmark of frictionless trade, we find some evidence of transaction costs impeding risk-sharing in these commodities.
Integrable supersymmetric deformations of $\rm AdS_3 \times S^3 \times T^4$
Creators: name: Hoare, Ben
name: Seibold, Fiona K.
name: Tseytlin, Arkady A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct a family of type IIB string backgrounds that are deformations of $\rm AdS_3 \times S^3 \times T^4$ with a "squashed" $\rm AdS_3 \times S^3$ metric supported by a combination of NSNS and RR fluxes. They have global $\rm SU(1,1) \times SU(2)$ symmetry, regular curvature, constant dilaton and preserve 8 supercharges. Upon compactification to 4 dimensions they reduce to $\mathcal N=2$ supersymmetric $\rm AdS_2 \times S^2$ solutions with electric and magnetic Maxwell fluxes. These type IIB supergravity solutions can be found from the undeformed $\rm AdS_3 \times S^3 \times T^4$ background by a combination of T-dualities and S-duality. In contrast to T-duality, S-duality transformations of a type IIB supergravity background do not generally preserve the classical integrability of the corresponding Green-Schwarz superstring sigma model. Nevertheless, we show that integrability is preserved in the present case. Indeed, we find that these backgrounds can be obtained, up to T-dualities, from an integrable inhomogeneous Yang-Baxter deformation (with unimodular Drinfel'd-Jimbo R-matrix) of the original $\rm AdS_3 \times S^3$ supercoset model.
description: 34 pages, minor corrections
Emergent Metric Space-Time from Matrix Theory
Creators: name: Brahma, Suddhasattwa
name: Brandenberger, Robert
name: Laliberte, Samuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The IKKT matrix model yields an emergent space-time. We further develop these ideas and give a proposal for an emergent metric. Based on previous numerical studies of this model, we provide evidence that the emergent space-time is continuous and infinite in extent, both in space and in time, and that the metric is spatially flat. The time evolution describes the transition from a string-theoretic emergent phase to a phase in which the $SO(9)$ symmetry of the model is spontaneously broken to $SO(6) \times SO(3)$, with three dimensions of space expanding, becoming classical and at later times evolving like in a radiation-dominated universe, and the remaining six dimensions of space stabilized at the string scale. We speculate on how this analysis can be extended to yield an early universe cosmology which, in addition to the above-mentioned properties, also leads to a roughly scale-invariant spectrum of cosmological fluctuations and gravitational waves.
description: 9 pages, 1 figure
Raw Data - Impact of Vitamin D Deficiency in Relation to the Clinical Outcomes of Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients
Creators: name: Rachman, andhika
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Public health nutrition

description: The data here is only for research paper validation of corresponding author Andhika Rachman entitled: "Impact of Vitamin D Deficiency in Relation to the Clinical Outcomes of Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients". The raw data consists of subjects characteristics and the levels of serum 25-hydroxy-vitamin D of hospitalized COVID-19 patients.
I NEET, l’Europa e il caso italiano
Creators: name: Salvini, Andrea
name: Ruggiero, Federica
Publisher: name: Universita' degli Studi di Salerno
Year: 2016
Subjects: NEET
Youth
Transition from School to Work

description: The aim of this paper is twofold: in the first part, the authors outline the position of the European Institution towards the neet issue, and discuss limits and advantages in the use of the NEET concept and measurements in empirical research. The main argument is that the oversemplification of the conceptual framework that sustain the construction of the NEET indicators, makes it difficult to grasp the social changes that characterize the youths in Europe. In the second part of the paper, the authors concentrate on the partial implementation of the “Youth Guarantee” in Italy and try to show how – differently from the situation of many european countries - this failure is mainly due to structural obstacles that impedes an effective young people’s transition to active participation in social and economic life.
Non-viral nanocarriers for siRNA delivery in breast cancer
Creators: name: Huang, Leaf
name: Zhang, Jing
name: Li, Xiang
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed malignancy in American women. While significant progress has been made in development of modern diagnostic tools and surgical treatments, only marginal improvements have been achieved with relapsed metastatic breast cancer. Small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) mediate gene silencing of a target protein by disrupting messenger RNAs in an efficient and sequence-specific manner. One application of this technology is the knockdown of genes responsible for tumorigenesis, including those driving oncogenesis, survival, proliferation and death of cells, angiogenesis, invasion and metastasis, and resistance to treatment. Non-viral nanocarriers have attracted attention based on their potential for targeted delivery of siRNA and efficient gene silencing without toxicity. Here, we review promising, non-viral delivery strategies employing liposomes, nanoparticles and inorganic materials in breast cancer.
The Tidal Disruption Event AT2021ehb: Evidence of Relativistic Disk Reflection, and Rapid Evolution of the Disk-Corona System
Creators: name: Yao, Yuhan
name: Lu, Wenbin
name: Guolo, Muryel
name: Pasham, Dheeraj R.
name: Gezari, Suvi
name: Gilfanov, Marat
name: Gendreau, Keith C.
name: Harrison, Fiona
name: Cenko, S. Bradley
name: Kulkarni, S. R.
name: Miller, Jon M.
name: Walton, Dominic J.
name: García, Javier A.
name: van Velzen, Sjoert
name: Alexander, Kate D.
name: Miller-Jones, James C. A.
name: Nicholl, Matt
name: Hammerstein, Erica
name: Medvedev, Pavel
name: Stern, Daniel
name: Ravi, Vikram
name: Sunyaev, R.
name: Bloom, Joshua S.
name: Graham, Matthew J.
name: Kool, Erik C.
name: Mahabal, Ashish A.
name: Masci, Frank J.
name: Purdum, Josiah
name: Rusholme, Ben
name: Sharma, Yashvi
name: Smith, Roger
name: Sollerman, Jesper
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present X-ray, UV, optical, and radio observations of the nearby ($\approx78$ Mpc) tidal disruption event (TDE) AT2021ehb/ZTF21aanxhjv during its first 430 days of evolution. AT2021ehb occurs in the nucleus of a galaxy hosting a $\approx 10^{7}\,M_\odot$ black hole ($M_{\rm BH}$ inferred from host galaxy scaling relations). High-cadence Swift and NICER monitoring reveals a delayed X-ray brightening. The spectrum first undergoes a gradual ${\rm soft }\rightarrow{\rm hard}$ transition and then suddenly turns soft again within 3 days at $δt\approx 272$ days during which the X-ray flux drops by a factor of ten. In the joint NICER+NuSTAR observation ($δt =264$ days, harder state), we observe a prominent non-thermal component up to 30 keV and an extremely broad emission line in the iron K band. The bolometric luminosity of AT2021ehb reaches a maximum of $6.0^{+10.4}_{-3.8}\% L_{\rm Edd}$ when the X-ray spectrum is the hardest. During the dramatic X-ray evolution, no radio emission is detected, the UV/optical luminosity stays relatively constant, and the optical spectra are featureless. We propose the following interpretations: (i) the ${\rm soft }\rightarrow{\rm hard}$ transition may be caused by the gradual formation of a magnetically dominated corona; (ii) hard X-ray photons escape from the system along solid angles with low scattering optical depth ($\sim\,$a few) whereas the UV/optical emission is likely generated by reprocessing materials with much larger column density -- the system is highly aspherical; (iii) the abrupt X-ray flux drop may be triggered by the thermal-viscous instability in the inner accretion flow leading to a much thinner disk.
description: 35 pages, 21 figures, accepted by ApJ
Pluronic modified leptin with increased systemic circulation, brain uptake and efficacy for treatment of obesity
Creators: name: Kabanov, Alexander V.
name: Yi, Xiang
name: Yuan, Dongfen
name: Poon, Chi-Duen
name: Farr, Susan A.
name: Banks, William A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Modification of hydrophilic proteins with amphiphilic block copolymers capable of crossing cell membranes is a new strategy to improve protein delivery to the brain. Leptin, a candidate for the treatment of epidemic obesity, has failed in part because of impairment in its transport across the blood–brain barrier (BBB) that develops with obesity. We posit that modification of leptin with poly(ethylene oxide)-b-poly(propylene oxide)-b-poly (ethylene oxide), Pluronic P85 (P85) might permit this protein to penetrate the BBB independently of its transporter, thereby overcoming peripheral leptin resistance. Here we report that peripherally administered leptin–P85 conjugates exhibit biological activity by reducing food intake in mouse models of obesity (ob/ob, and diet-induced obese mouse). We further generated two new leptin–P85 conjugates: one, Lep(ss)–P85(L), containing one P85 chain and another, Lep(ss)–P85(H), containing multiple P85 chains. We report data on their purification, analytical characterization, peripheral and brain pharmacokinetics (PK). Lep(ss)–P85(L) crosses the BBB using the leptin transporter, and exhibits improved peripheral PK along with increased accumulation in the brain compared to unmodified leptin. Lep(ss)–P85(H) also has improved peripheral PK but in a striking difference to the first conjugate penetrates the BBB independently of the leptin transporter via a non-saturable mechanism. The results demonstrate that leptin analogs can be developed through chemical modification of the native leptin with P85 to overcome leptin resistance at the level of the BBB, thus improving the potential for the treatment of obesity.
The Impact of Sampling Variability on Estimated Combinations of Distributional Forecasts
Creators: name: Zischke, Ryan
name: Martin, Gael M.
name: Frazier, David T.
name: Poskitt, Donald S.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Econometric and statistical methods
Econometrics not elsewhere classified

description: We investigate the performance and sampling variability of estimated forecast combinations, with particular attention given to the combination of forecast distributions. Unknown parameters in the forecast combination are optimized according to criterion functions based on proper scoring rules, which are chosen to reward the form of forecast accuracy that matters for the problem at hand, and forecast performance is measured using the out-of-sample expectation of said scoring rule. Our results provide novel insights into the behavior of estimated forecast combinations. Firstly, we show that, asymptotically, the sampling variability in the performance of standard forecast combinations is determined solely by estimation of the constituent models, with estimation of the combination weights contributing no sampling variability whatsoever, at first order. Secondly, we show that, if computationally feasible, forecast combinations produced in a single step -- in which the constituent model and combination function parameters are estimated jointly -- have superior predictive accuracy and lower sampling variability than standard forecast combinations -- where constituent model and combination function parameters are estimated in two steps. These theoretical insights are demonstrated numerically, both in simulation settings and in an extensive empirical illustration using a time series of S&P500 returns.
Spectral detection of multiple stellar populations in z~1 early-type galaxies
Creators: name: Lonoce, I.
name: Longhetti, M.
name: Saracco, P.
name: Gargiulo, A.
name: Tamburri, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a spectroscopic analysis based on measurements of two mainly age-dependent spectrophotometric indices in the 4000A rest frame region, i.e. H+K(CaII) and Delta4000, for a sample of 15 early-type galaxies (ETGs) at 0.7 < z_{spec} < 1.1, morphologically selected in the GOODS-South field. Ages derived from the two different indices by means of the comparison with stellar population synthesis models, are not consistent with each other for at least nine galaxies (60 per cent of the sample), while for the remaining six galaxies, the ages derived from their global spectral energy distribution (SED) fitting are not consistent with those derived from the two indices. We then hypothesized that the stellar content of many galaxies is made of two stellar components with different ages. The double-component analysis, performed by taking into account both the index values and the observed SED, fully explains the observational data and improves the results of the standard one-component SED fitting in 9 out of the 15 objects, i.e. those for which the two indices point towards two different ages. In all of them, the bulk of the mass belongs to rather evolved stars, while a small mass fraction is many Gyr younger. In some cases, thanks to the sensitivity of the H+K(CaII) index, we find that the minor younger component reveals signs of recent star formation. The distribution of the ages of the younger stellar components appears uniformly in time and this suggests that small amounts of star formation could be common during the evolution of high-z ETGs. We argue the possibility that these new star formation episodes could be frequently triggered by internal causes due to the presence of small gas reservoir.
description: 18 pages, 12 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Stimuli-responsive nanomaterials for therapeutic protein delivery
Creators: name: Lu, Yue
name: Gu, Zhen
name: Sun, Wujin
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Protein therapeutics have emerged as a significant role in treatment of a broad spectrum of diseases, including cancer, metabolic disorders and autoimmune diseases. The efficacy of protein therapeutics, however, is limited by their instability, immunogenicity and short half-life. In order to overcome these barriers, tremendous efforts have recently been made in developing controlled protein delivery systems. Stimuli-triggered release is an appealing and promising approach for protein delivery and has made protein delivery with both spatiotemporal- and dosage-controlled manners possible. This review surveys recent advances in controlled protein delivery of proteins or peptides using stimuli-responsive nanomaterials. Strategies utilizing both physiological and external stimuli are introduced and discussed.