cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Using machine learning to model long term effects of thinning and climate change on transpiration and water use efficiency
Creators: name: Liu, Wanyi
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2023

description: Forest thinning is a method to reduce competition in overstocked young forests. While the short-term effect of thinning is often studied by field thinning experiments, the long-term effect of thinning is rarely studied and remains unclear, particularly in the context of climate change. In this study, we used data from field experiment to train two Artificial Intelligence models: artificial neural network (ANN) and deep neural network (DNN) for assessing the long term effect of thinning on transpiration and water use efficiency (WUE) in young lodgepole pine forests at both tree and stand levels. We showed that DNN is more accurate than ANN in terms of model performance measures. We then used the trained DNN model to predict the transpiration and WUE under different thinning and climate change scenarios. The simulations showed that thinning has a long-lasting effect on increasing tree-level transpiration and both tree- and stand-level WUE but decreasing stand-level transpiration. Thinning effect decreases as thinning intensity decreases and trees age. Climate change reduces both tree- and stand-level WUE. Thinning mitigates the impact of climate change on stand-level transpiration. Based on the simulated long-term effects, we recommend that the thinning with the remaining of 2500–3500 stem/ha as suitable densities for a better balancing or trade-off between total carbon and water (stand transpiration) for young and overstocked lodgepole pine stands in the southern interior of British Columbia. However, selection of the final thinning densities must consider broader ecological processes and functions such as wood quality, biodiversity as well as their interactions with climate change.
Table S1 ;Figure S1;Figure S2;Figure S3 ;Figure S4 from Density functional theory study of active sites on nitrogen-doped graphene for oxygen reduction reaction
Creators: name: Yan, Ping
name: Shu, Song
name: Zou, Longhua
name: Liu, Yongjun
name: Li, Jianjun
name: Wei, Fusheng
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021

description: Summary of charge transfer of active atoms on GP, 1Gr, 3Py, 3Py_3Gr, and 2Gr.;The vertical and side views of charge density difference and Bader analysis for O2 adsorbed on the five graphene materials. (a) and (f) are GP, (b) and (g) are 1Gr, (c) and (h) are 3Py, (d) and (i) are 3Py_3Gr, (e) and (j) are 2Gr. Ead stands for the adsorption energy of adsorbed O2. ∆q represents the charge transfer number of adsorbed O2, and negative value indicates electron accumulation. The yellow (blue) area represents charge loss (accumulation), and all the isosurfaces are 0.005 e/Å3.;Reaction pathway diagram of O2 dissociation on GP.;Reaction pathway diagram of O2 dissociation on 1Gr.;Reaction pathway diagram of O2 dissociation on 3Py.
title: Empirische Beiträge zum Konsumentenverhalten in digitalen Medien : Diffusion und Akzeptanz innovativer Technologien
Creators: name: Fischer, Maximilian
Publisher: name: University of Bayreuth
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Akzeptanzforschung
subject: Technologische Innovationen
subject: Innovations-Entscheidungsprozess
subject: Strukturgleichungsmodelle
subject: 330

description: Der digitale Wandel führt in nahezu allen Lebensbereichen zu einer Veränderung des täglichen Miteinanders und trägt maßgeblich zu einer wachsenden Anzahl an technologischen Innovationen bei. Nicht jede dieser Innovationen hat sich am Markt etablieren können, weshalb der Diffusion und Adoption von Innovationen ein großer Stellenwert beigemessen wird. Eine übergeordnete Bedeutung kommt hierbei dem Prozess der Innovationsentscheidung zu. Diese kumulative Dissertation thematisiert wichtige Elemente des Prozesses der Innovationsentscheidung, indem die Charakteristika einer kritischen Personengruppe für den Diffusionsprozess von Innovationen untersucht werden. Mit spezifischem Fokus auf dem Internet als Informations- und Kommunikationskanal, ist es zudem das Ziel zu untersuchen, ob verschiedene Arten negativer elektronischer Mundpropaganda (eWOM) unterschiedlich starke negative Auswirkungen auf die Einstellung der Verbraucher zu einem Produkt haben. Zur Ergründung hemmender Diffusion innovativer Technologien (Mobile Payment (MP) und Social Trading (ST)) sind weiterführend Aussagen über Innovationscharakteristika sowie das individuelle Entscheidungsverhalten zu treffen. Die Ergebnisse der empirischen Forschungen verdeutlicht die übergeordnete Bedeutung der Gruppe der Early Adopter für den Diffusionsprozess. Des Weiteren kann festgestellt werden, dass funktionales eWOM einen besonders großen Rückgang der Konsumenteneinstellung provoziert, während ethische Kritik am schwierigsten zu korrigieren ist. Bezüglich der hemmenden Diffusion von MP werden Unterschiede in den Auswirkungen der Verhaltensabsicht beeinflussenden Faktoren zwischen Generationen sowie Kulturen festgestellt. Im Kontext des ST zeigen sich solche Unterschiede zwischen im Umgang mit Wertpapieren erfahrenen und unerfahrenen potenziellen Nutzern. Die Resultate dieser Dissertationsbeiträge tragen maßgeblich zum Forschungsdiskurs über die Diffusion und Akzeptanz innovativer Technologien bei und unterstreichen die Bedeutung einer zielgruppenspezifischen Kommunikation von innovativen Finanzdienstleistungsinnovationen.
title: Cruise Results: NOAA Ship Gordon Gunter Cruise GU-09-03 (054) 10 June – 13 August 2009
title: A cetacean abundance and distribution survey of the Gulf of Mexico deep water (>200 M) with an emphasis on sperm whales and their prey
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Southeast Fisheries Science Center
Publisher: name: Southeast Fisheries Science Center (U.S.)
Year: 2023

description: Southeast Fisheries Science Center Reference Document MMTD ; 2023-04
description: The U.S. Marine Mammal Protection Act (MMPA) requires that stocks of marine mammal species in U.S. waters be maintained at or above their optimum sustainable population level (OSP), defined as the number of animals which results in the maximum net productivity. To meet this requirement for each stock, the U.S. National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) estimates annual human-caused mortality and potential biological removal (PBR), the maximum number of animals that may be removed from a stock due to human activities ( e.g., fisheries bycatch) while allowing the stock to reach or maintain its OSP.
Nonspherical similarity solutions for dark halo formation
Creators: name: Vogelsberger, Mark
name: Mohayaee, Roya
name: White, Simon D. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We carry out fully 3-dimensional simulations of evolution from self-similar, spherically symmetric linear perturbations of a Cold Dark Matter dominated Einstein-de Sitter universe. As a result of the radial orbit instability, the haloes which grow from such initial conditions are triaxial with major-to-minor axis ratios of order 3:1. They nevertheless grow approximately self-similarly in time. In all cases they have power-law density profiles and near-constant velocity anisotropy in their inner regions. Both the power-law index and the value of the velocity anisotropy depend on the similarity index of the initial conditions, the former as expected from simple scaling arguments. Halo structure is thus not "universal" but remembers the initial conditions. On larger scales the density and anisotropy profiles show two characteristic scales, corresponding to particles at first pericentre and at first apocentre after infall. They are well approximated by the NFW model only for one value of the similarity index. In contrast, at all radii within the outer caustic the pseudo phase-space density can be fit by a single power law with an index which depends only very weakly on the similarity index of the initial conditions. This behaviour is very similar to that found for haloes formed from LCDM initial conditions and so can be considered approximately universal.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures, submitted to MNRAS
Antropologia Econômica e Psiquiatria: Uma Ressonância Neurodecisões no Desenvolvimento do Consumismo Compulsivo
Creators: name: Santos Silva, Silas
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Anthropology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 160101 Anthropology of Development
subject: Economics
subject: 140206 Experimental Economics
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: 140219 Welfare Economics
subject: 110319 Psychiatry (incl. Psychotherapy)
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: O position paper tem como objetivo discutir as características das decisões do consumismo humano, analisado pela investigação do papel da antropologia no modelo básico da teoria econômica com ênfase em psiquiatria. A metodologia antropológica visa distinguir fatores históricos no desenvolvimento humano e seu comportamento na tomada de decisões. Assim, este trabalho foi desenvolvido por uma pesquisa bibliográfica. De acordo com os resultados na interpretação da revolução antropológica na economia é dada especial atenção à influência das tradições e crenças, que é externo à atividade econômica dos fatores responsáveis pela formação do comportamento sociais do indivíduo e da comunidade como um todo. Com base nos dados sobre o papel das externalidades internalizadas é possível especular sobre a necessidade de incluir a utilidade social e simbólica no estudo do discurso da escolha racional.
Static Properties of Polymer Melts in Two Dimensions
Creators: name: Meyer, H.
name: Wittmer, J. P.
name: Kreer, T.
name: Johner, A.
name: Baschnagel, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Self-avoiding polymers in strictly two-dimensional ($d=2$) melts are investigated by means of molecular dynamics simulation of a standard bead-spring model with chain lengths ranging up to N=2048. % The chains adopt compact configurations of typical size $R(N) \sim N^ν$ with $ν=1/d$. % The precise measurement of various distributions of internal chain distances allows a direct test of the contact exponents $Θ_0=3/8$, $Θ_1=1/2$ and $Θ_2=3/4$ predicted by Duplantier. % Due to the segregation of the chains the ratio of end-to-end distance $\Rend(N)$ and gyration radius $\Rgyr(N)$ becomes $\Rend^2(N)/\Rgyr^2(N) \approx 5.3 < 6$ for $N \gg 100$ and the chains are more spherical than Gaussian phantom chains. % The second Legendre polynomial $P_2(s)$ of the bond vectors decays as $P_2(s) \sim 1/s^{1+νΘ_2}$ measuring thus the return probability of the chain after $s$ steps. % The irregular chain contours are shown to be characterized by a perimeter length $L(N) \sim R(N)^{\dc}$ of fractal line dimension $\dc = d-Θ_2 =5/4$. % % In agreement with the generalized Porod scattering of compact objects with fractal contour the Kratky representation of the intramolecular structure factor $F(q)$ reveals a strong non-monotonous behavior with $q^dF(q) \sim 1/(q R(N))^{Θ_2}$ in the intermediate regime of the wave vector $q$. This may allow to confirm the predicted contour fractality in a real experiment.
description: 14 figures, accepted at J.Chem.Phys.
Studying the Physical Diversity of Late-M Dwarfs with Dynamical Masses
Creators: name: Dupuy, Trent
name: Liu, Michael
name: Bowler, Brendan
name: Cushing, Michael
name: Helling, Christiane
name: Witte, Soeren
name: Hauschildt, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a systematic study of the physical properties of late-M dwarfs based on high-quality dynamical mass measurements and near-infrared (NIR) spectra. We use astrometry from Keck NGS and LGS AO imaging to determine orbits for late-M binaries. We find that LP 349-25 (M7.5+M8) is a pair of young brown dwarfs (Mtot = 0.120 Msun) for which Lyon and Tucson evolutionary models jointly predict an age of 140+/-30 Myr. This is consistent with the age of the Pleiades, but at least LP 349-25A defies the empirical Pleiades lithium depletion boundary, implying that the system is in fact older and that evolutionary models underpredict the component luminosities. We find that LHS 1901AB (M6.5+M6.5) is a pair of very low-mass stars (Mtot = 0.194 Msun) with model-derived ages consistent with limits from its lack of activity (> 6 Gyr). Our improved orbit for Gl 569Bab (M8.5+M9) results in a higher mass for this binary (Mtot = 0.140 Msun) compared to previous work (0.125 Msun). We use these masses along with our published results for 2MASS J2206-2047AB (M8+M8) to test four sets of ultracool model atmospheres currently in use. Fitting these models to our NIR integrated-light spectra provides temperature estimates warmer by ~250 K than those derived independently from Dusty evolutionary models given the measured masses and luminosities. We propose that model atmospheres are more likely to be the source of this discrepancy, as it would be difficult to explain a uniform temperature offset over such a wide range of masses, ages, and activity levels in the context of evolutionary models. Our results contrast those of Konopacky et al. as we find an opposite and smaller mass discrepancy from what they report when we adopt their model-testing approach since our Teff estimates from fitting spectra are ~650 K higher than from their fitting of broadband photometry alone.
description: 53 pages, 12 figures, accepted to ApJ
Sustainability and wellbeing: The dynamic relationship between subjective wellbeing and sustainability indicators
Creators: name: Qasim, M
name: Grimes, Arthur
Publisher: name: Open Access Victoria University of Wellington | Te Herenga Waka
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 140299 Applied Economics not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: 50299 Environmental Science and Management not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 150299 Banking, Finance and Investment not elsewhere classified

description: We analyse the relationship between individuals' subjective wellbeing (SWB) and measures of their country's sustainability. SWB data are sourced from the World Values Survey; sustainability is measured by ecological footprint (EF) and by components of the World Bank's adjusted net savings (ANS) series. ANS, a measure of weak sustainability, represents changes in a country's capital stock including financial, physical, human and natural capital. We show that an increase in strong sustainability, measured by EF and by ANS's natural capital component, is associated with reductions in SWB over the next decade followed by a rebound in SWB over the subsequent decade. We show also that the perfect substitutability assumptions on which ANS is calculated do not hold. Our findings highlight an important political challenge: governments that run sustainable policies may decrease the near-term wellbeing of citizens. This can reduce government's short-term popularity even though the improved sustainability may raise future wellbeing.
Tau Custodian searches at the LHC
Creators: name: del Aguila, Francisco
name: Carmona, Adrian
name: Santiago, Jose
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The tau lepton can be more composite than naively expected in models of strong electroweak symmetry breaking with tri-bimaximal lepton mixing. New leptonic resonances required by custodial symmetry, the tau custodians, can then be the first signal of this lepton flavor realization. Tau custodians can be very light, decaying almost exclusively into taus. The LHC reach for these new leptons is up to masses of 240, 480 and 720 GeV for sqrt{s}=14 TeV and an integrated luminosity of 30, 300 and 3000 fb^{-1}, respectively. Our analysis can be extended to any pair produced particles decaying mostly into taus and Standard Model bosons.
description: 12 pages, 2 figures
Properties of inclusive versus exclusive QCD evolution kernels
Creators: name: Kusina, A.
name: Jadach, S.
name: Skrzypek, M.
name: Slawinska, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the role of the choice of the upper phase space limit Q in the Curci-Furmanski-Petronzio (CFP) factorization scheme, which exploits dimensional regularization MS scheme. We examine how the choice of Q influences the evaluation of the standard DGLAP (inclusive) evolution kernels, gaining experience needed in the construction of the exclusive Monte Carlo modelling of the NLO DGLAP evolution. In particular, we uncover three types of mechanisms which assure the independence on Q of the inclusive DGLAP kernels calculated in the CFP scheme. We use the examples of three types of the Feynman diagrams to illustrate our analysis.
description: Contribution to Cracow Epiphany Conference 2010
Discovery of X-Ray-Emitting O-Ne-Mg-Rich Ejecta in the Galactic Supernova Remnant Puppis A
Creators: name: Katsuda, Satoru
name: Hwang, Una
name: Petre, Robert
name: Park, Sangwook
name: Mori, Koji
name: Tsunemi, Hiroshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the discovery of X-ray--emitting O-Ne-Mg-rich ejecta in the middle-aged Galactic O-rich supernova remnant Puppis A with Chandra and XMM-Newton. We use line ratios to identify a low-ionization filament running parallel to the northeastern edge of the remnant that requires supersolar abundances, particularly for O, Ne, and Mg, which we interpret to be from O-Ne-Mg-rich ejecta. Abundance ratios of Ne/O, Mg/O, and Fe/O are measured to be ~2, ~2, and <0.3 times the solar values. Our spatially-resolved spectral analysis from the northeastern rim to the western rim otherwise reveals sub-solar abundances consistent with those in the interstellar medium. The filament is coincident with several optically emitting O-rich knots with high velocities. If these are physically related, the filament would be a peculiar fragment of ejecta. On the other hand, the morphology of the filament suggests that it may trace ejecta heated by a shock reflected strongly off the dense ambient clouds near the northeastern rim.
description: Published online
Improving precipitation forecasts over complex terrain using numerical weather prediction and analog ensemble methods
Creators: name: Jeworrek, Julia
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2023

description: The work in this dissertation enhances precipitation forecast skill with a focus on southwest British Columbia (BC), Canada. Local weather predictions in this region can be subject to large uncertainties because of the complex terrain and the upstream data void. Electricity production in BC relies heavily on hydropower. Thus, accurate precipitation forecasts are crucial to manage water resources and mitigate flood risks. There are two major components to a skillful prediction system: (1) numerical weather prediction (NWP), and (2) post-processing of the NWP output. First, this work investigates sensitivities of precipitation performance to configurations of the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model. Skill varies by model grid spacing, parameterization selections, location, season, precipitation intensity, and accumulation period. An evaluation of over 100 systematically varied WRF conﬁgurations provides insight to precipitation forecasting challenges and shows that the optimal model setup depends on the weather situation and the verification metric most important to end users. A few of the best performing model configurations are then post-processed using the analog ensemble (AnEn) method. This statistical method derives a future forecast by searching an archive of past model forecasts for similar (analog) conditions, and then collects the corresponding past observations into an ensemble. This dissertation utilizes existing and new optimization techniques to significantly improve AnEn computational efficiency and forecast skill. The detection of good analogs is improved through predictor weighting methods and consideration of temporal predictor trends and supplemental lead times. Finally, this work proposes new ensemble generation techniques. Applying the past analog error to the target forecast reduces the AnEn dry bias and makes prediction of high-impact (heavy-precipitation) events more reliable. A multi-model AnEn further improves predictive skill, but at higher computational cost. The AnEn performance shows larger sensitivity to the grid spacing of the NWP than to the physics configuration. The final ensemble prediction system provides skillful and reliable high-resolution forecasts across all precipitation intensities.
Movimento da Arte Metafísica: Representação de imagens que vão além da realidade física
Creators: name: Gil, Francisco Baptista
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Art history

description: A Arte Metafísica nasce oficialmente do encontro fortuito entre o pintor Giorgio De Chirico e o antigo pintor futurista Carlo Carrà, em 1917, no hospital militar de Ferrara, onde ambos se encontravam internados durante a Primeira Guerra Mundial. Os dois artistas já trabalhavam há algum tempo num novo estilo de pintura, que superaria o movimento anterior do Futurismo, opondo o dinamismo futurista a obras realistas e estáticas, e a sua ânsia vanguardista a temas de inspiração clássica. Artigo publicado na revista (magazine) Aspectus, revista de Arte & Ciência em 2022, janeiro 2
Ferroelectricity in strained Ca$_{0.5}$Sr$_{0.5}$TiO$_3$ from first principles
Creators: name: Ashman, Christopher R.
name: Hellberg, C. Stephen
name: Halilov, Samed
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a density functional theory investigation of strained Ca$_{0.5}$Sr$_{0.5}$TiO$_3$. We have determined the structure and polarization for a number of arrangements of Ca and Sr in a 2$\times$2$\times$2 supercell. The a and b lattice vectors are strained to match the lattice constants of the rotated Si(001) face. To set the context for the CSTO study, we also include simulations of the Si(001) constrained structures for CaTiO$_3$ and SrTiO$_3$. Our primary findings are that all Ca$_{0.5}$Sr$_{0.5}$TiO$_3$ structures examined except one are ferroelectric, exhibiting polarizations ranging from 0.08 C/m$^2$ for the lowest energy configuration to about 0.26 C/m$^2$ for the higher energy configurations. We find that the configurations with larger polarizations have lower c/a ratios. The net polarization of the cell is the result of Ti-O ferroelectric displacements regulated by A-site cations.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures
title:   EXPLORING THE MOLECULAR BASIS OF TOUCH
title: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF GENE EXPRESSION IN SENSORY CORPUSCLE-RICH AND CORPUSCLE-POOR SKIN REGIONS IN THE DUCK
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Hart, Thomas
Publisher: name: University of Kentucky Libraries
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 1.6
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Cutaneous touch is facilitated by discrete cellular complexes composed of non-neuronal cells associated with mechanoreceptor neuron endings. The non-neuronal cells of these cutaneous end organ complexes (CEOCs) are believed to contribute to touch, but their role in touch sensation remains unclear. To better understand the function of CEOC cells, we sought to characterize the transcriptional profile of CEOC-rich tissue and identify genes expressed in CEOC cells. Bill skin of the tactile foraging Pekin duck (Anas platyrhynchos) is dense with CEOCs, specifically the avian analogs of mammalian Pacinian and Meissner corpuscles, while corpuscles in duck foot skin are scarce. Using RNA sequencing and differential expression analysis, we compared gene expression in duck bill and foot skin. Bill skin was enriched in genes involved with myelination, neurotransmitter release, and synapse formation, which could support the hypothesis that chemical communication between neuronal and non-neuronal cells plays a role in touch transduction. RNA in situ hybridization revealed that COCH, a gene not previously reported as playing a role in skin, is exclusively expressed in the inner core cells of lamellar corpuscles in embryo and adult duck bill skin. These results provide evidence for COCH’s role in CEOCS and data for further investigating CEOC-rich tissue.
description: © 2023 Thomas Hart
Phonon-induced resistance oscillations of two-dimensional electron systems drifting with supersonic velocities
Creators: name: Dmitriev, I. A.
name: Gellmann, R.
name: Vavilov, M. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a theory of the phonon-assisted nonlinear dc transport of 2D electrons in high Landau levels. The nonlinear dissipative resistivity displays quantum magneto-oscillations governed by two parameters which are proportional to the Hall drift velocity $v_H$ of electrons in electric field and the speed of sound $s$. In the subsonic regime, $v_Hs$, the amplitude of oscillations saturates with lowering temperature, while the subsonic region displays exponential suppression of the phonon-assisted oscillations with temperature.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
The low-momentum ghost dressing function and the gluon mass
Creators: name: Boucaud, Ph.
name: Gómez, M. E.
name: Leroy, J. P.
name: Yaouanc, A. Le
name: Micheli, J.
name: Pène, O.
name: Rodríguez-Quintero, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the low-momentum ghost propagator Dyson-Schwinger equation (DSE) in Landau gauge, assuming for the truncation a constant ghost-gluon vertex, as it is extensively done, and a simple model for a massive gluon propagator. Then, regular DSE solutions (the zero-momentum ghost dressing function not diverging) appear to emerge and we show the ghost propagator to be described by an asymptotic expression reliable up to the order ${\cal O}(q^2)$. That expression, depending on the gluon mass and the zero-momentum Taylor-scheme effective charge, is proven to fit pretty well the low-momentum ghost propagator obtained through big-volume lattice simulations.
description: 11 pages, 1 fig.
An evaluation of cortical preparatory and peripheral muscle activity in movement-evoked pain
Creators: name: Ogalo, Emmanuel
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2023

description: Pain is a significant contributor to the development and potential persistence of motor dysfunction. A critical limitation to our understanding of motor related pain arises from measurements that overlook the contribution of movement in evoking pain. There is a pressing need to understand the influence of movement-evoked pain on motor system function during the stages of movement generation in pain inducing movements. The objectives of this thesis were two-fold. First, we aimed to examine how movement evoked pain influences cortical preparatory processes, muscle activity, and force/rate of force production (RFD) in healthy adults. Secondly, we aimed to explore whether cortical preparatory and peripheral changes persist in subsequent pain-free movement. Cortical preparatory activity was examined by the changes in event-related desynchronization (ERD) of beta (13-30 Hz) oscillatory activity and the movement-related cortical potential (MRCP) using electroencephalography (EEG) during a movement-evoked pain intervention. In addition, peripheral activity was assessed using electromyography (EMG), torque, and the rate of force development (RFD). These measures provide information about sensorimotor cortical activation and the cognitive factors that are involved in the preparation of movements that evoke pain. Peripheral measures provide complementary information on the pain induced adaptions to central motor pathways. The results showed a lack of change in beta ERD, an increase in the MRCP, and no changes in muscle activity and RFD with movements that evoked brief pain. Furthermore, there was no persistent change in any of these measures during subsequent pain-free movement. Transient movement-evoked pain changes aspects of preparatory corticomotor and peripheral activity; however, context dependent increases in the MRCP suggests that cognitive factors influence how the body adapts to the performance of movements that evoke pain.
The Light Curve of the Weakly-Accreting T Tauri Binary KH 15D from 2005-10: Insights into the Nature of its Protoplanetary Disk
Creators: name: Herbst, William
name: LeDuc, Katherine
name: Hamilton, Catrina M.
name: Winn, Joshua N.
name: Ibrahimov, Mansur
name: Mundt, Reinhard
name: Johns-Krull, Christopher M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Photometry of the unique pre-main sequence binary system KH 15D is presented, spanning the years 2005-2010. This system has exhibited photometric variations and eclipses over the last 50 years caused by a precessing circumbinary disk. Advancement of the occulting edge across the binary orbit has continued and the photospheres of both stars are now completely obscured at all times. The system is now visible only by scattered light, and yet it continues to show a periodic variation on the orbital cycle with an amplitude exceeding two magnitudes. This variation, which depends only on the binary phase, has likely been present in the data since at least 1995. It can, by itself, account for shoulders on the light curve prior to ingress and following egress, obviating the need for components of extant models such as a scattering halo around star A or forward scattering from a fuzzy disk edge. A plausible source for the variable scattering component is reflected light from the far side of a warped occulting disk. We have detected color changes in V-I of several tenths of a magnitude to both the blue and red that occur during times of minima. These may indicate the presence of a third source of light (faint star) within the system, or a change in the reflectance properties of the disk as the portion being illuminated varies with the orbital motion of the stars. The data support a picture of the circumbinary disk as a geometrically thin, optically thick layer of perhaps mm or cm-sized particles that has been sculpted by the binary stars and possibly other components into a decidedly nonplanar configuration. A simple (infinitely sharp) knife-edge model does a good job of accounting for all of the recent (2005-2010) occultation data.
description: To appear in The Astronomical Journal
title: Практика речи: all Eyes on the Screen! Topical Issues of Modern Life
title: Учебное пособие
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Пешехонова Е.С.
name:  Курбакова Ю.В.
name:  Киселева М.А.
name:  Зиновьева И.Н.
name:  Попова А.В.
name:  Силина О.А.
name:  Соколова М.А.
name:  Никулина Е.А.
Publisher: name: Московский педагогический государственный университет
Year: 2019

description: Настоящее учебное пособие представляет собой сборник комплексных заданий к аутентичным кино- и видеоматериалам на английском языке, предназначенных для достижения всестороннего понимания языковой и внеязыковой составляющей кинематографического произведения и реализации этого понимания в речевой деятельности. Пособие состоит из пяти разделов по темам «Образование в Великобритании», «Проблемы воспитания в современном мире», «Британское искусство», «Защита окружающей среды», «Современный кинематограф». Каждый раздел включает в себя систему заданий к двум кинематографическим произведениям по теме: документальному и художественному. Пособие адресовано студентам старших курсов бакалавриата языковых факультетов вузов и всем, изучающим английский язык и интересующимся современным кинематографом.
description: This textbook is a collection of integrated tasks to the authentic movies and videos in English is designed to achieve a comprehensive understanding of the linguistic and extralinguistic component of cinematographic works and implement this understanding in speech activities. The manual consists of five sections on "Education in UK", "problems of education in the modern world", "British art", "environmental Protection", "Modern cinema". Each section includes a system of tasks to the two film works on the theme: documentary and artistic. The grant is addressed to students of undergraduate language departments of universities and anyone learning English and interested in modern cinema.
Toward Scalable and Transparent Multimodal Analytics to Study Standard Medical Procedures: Linking Hand Movement, Proximity, and Gaze Data
Creators: name: Heilala, Ville
name: Lehesvuori, Sami
name: Hämäläinen, Raija
name: Kärkkäinen, Tommi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.1.2; K.3.1

description: This study employed multimodal learning analytics (MMLA) to analyze behavioral dynamics during the ABCDE procedure in nursing education, focusing on gaze entropy, hand movement velocities, and proximity measures. Utilizing accelerometers and eye-tracking techniques, behaviorgrams were generated to depict various procedural phases. Results identified four primary phases characterized by distinct patterns of visual attention, hand movements, and proximity to the patient or instruments. The findings suggest that MMLA can offer valuable insights into procedural competence in medical education. This research underscores the potential of MMLA to provide detailed, objective evaluations of clinical procedures and their inherent complexities.
description: To be published in the Proceedings of the 39th ACM/SIGAPP Symposium on Applied Computing (SAC'24), April 8--12, 2024, Avila, Spain
Charged-Particle Thermonuclear Reaction Rates: I. Monte Carlo Method and Statistical Distributions
Creators: name: Longland, Richard
name: Iliadis, Christian
name: Champagne, Art
name: Newton, Joe
name: Ugalde, Claudio
name: Coc, Alain
name: Fitzgerald, Ryan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A method based on Monte Carlo techniques is presented for evaluating thermonuclear reaction rates. We begin by reviewing commonly applied procedures and point out that reaction rates that have been reported up to now in the literature have no rigorous statistical meaning. Subsequently, we associate each nuclear physics quantity entering in the calculation of reaction rates with a specific probability density function, including Gaussian, lognormal and chi-squared distributions. Based on these probability density functions the total reaction rate is randomly sampled many times until the required statistical precision is achieved. This procedure results in a median (Monte Carlo) rate which agrees under certain conditions with the commonly reported recommended "classical" rate. In addition, we present at each temperature a low rate and a high rate, corresponding to the 0.16 and 0.84 quantiles of the cumulative reaction rate distribution. These quantities are in general different from the statistically meaningless "minimum" (or "lower limit") and "maximum" (or "upper limit") reaction rates which are commonly reported. Furthermore, we approximate the output reaction rate probability density function by a lognormal distribution and present, at each temperature, the lognormal parameters miu and sigma. The values of these quantities will be crucial for future Monte Carlo nucleosynthesis studies. Our new reaction rates, appropriate for bare nuclei in the laboratory, are tabulated in the second paper of this series (Paper II). The nuclear physics input used to derive our reaction rates is presented in the third paper of this series (Paper III). In the fourth paper of this series (Paper IV) we compare our new reaction rates to previous results.
description: 31 pages, 5 figures, 1 color
Towards Simultaneous Retrievals of Planetary Atmospheres and Stellar Surfaces
Creators: name: Allen, Natalie H.
name: Espinoza, Néstor
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: We are entering a golden age of exoplanet atmospheric characterization with the capabilities of JWST. With this new precision, it is only natural to push from the realm of giant planet atmospheric studies down to smaller, terrestrial planets. The small planets with potentially observable atmospheric signals will mainly be around small M stars, which are known for being active and having a significant number of spots and/or faculae on their surfaces. These stellar inhomogeneities are able to impact the transmission spectrum obtained during transit and contaminate it. However, through this contamination, we are conversely able to obtain information on the state of the stellar surface. In this work, we present a fully Bayesian framework for the simultaneous retrieval of planetary atmospheres and a persistent, rotating stellar photospheric surface through an analysis of transmission spectra. If multiple planetary transits are observed in close enough proximity, then each acts as a “snapshot” of the state of the stellar disk at a given point in time. In principle, this information can be stitched together to create a complete map of the stellar surface. As has already been seen in initial observations of planets in the TRAPPIST-1 system, the stellar contamination is not only significant, but seems to be evolving on a short timescale. Thus, we will also incorporate spot evolution into our framework to best match the available observational data. This framework will be applicable to the medley of small planet observations planned with JWST, as well as with future observing endeavors such as the Pandora mission, as understanding stellar contamination is crucial to finding terrestrial planet atmospheres outside of our solar system with JWST and beyond.
The Generalized Good Cut Equation
Creators: name: Adamo, T. M.
name: Newman, E. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The properties of null geodesic congruences (NGCs) in Lorentzian manifolds are a topic of considerable importance. More specifically NGCs with the special property of being shear-free or asymptotically shear-free (as either infinity or a horizon is approached) have received a great deal of recent attention for a variety of reasons. Such congruences are most easily studied via solutions to what has been referred to as the 'good cut equation' or the 'generalization good cut equation'. It is the purpose of this note to study these equations and show their relationship to each other. In particular we show how they all have a four complex dimensional manifold (known as H-space, or in a special case as complex Minkowski space) as a solution space.
description: 12 pages
Helical spin-waves, magnetic order, and fluctuations in the langasite compound Ba3NbFe3Si2O14
Creators: name: Stock, C.
name: Chapon, L. C.
name: Schneidewind, A.
name: Su, Y.
name: Radaelli, P. G.
name: McMorrow, D. F.
name: Bombardi, A.
name: Lee, N.
name: Cheong, S. -W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have investigated the spin fluctuations in the langasite compound Ba3NbFe3Si2O14 in both the ordered state and as a function of temperature. The low temperature magnetic structure is defined by a spiral phase characterized by magnetic Bragg peaks at q=(0,0,tau ~ 1/7) onset at TN=27 K as previously reported by Marty et al. The nature of the fluctuations and temperature dependence of the order parameter is consistent with a classical second order phase transition for a two dimensional triangular antiferromagnet. We will show that the physical properties and energy scales including the ordering wavevector, Curie-Weiss temperature, and the spin-waves can be explained through the use of only symmetric exchange constants without the need for the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction. This is accomplished through a set of ``helical" exchange pathways along the c direction imposed by the chiral crystal structure and naturally explains the magnetic diffuse scattering which displays a strong vector chirality up to high temperatures well above the ordering temperature. This illustrates a strong coupling between magnetic and crystalline chirality in this compound.
description: 16 pages, 16 figures, submitted to Physical Review B
Analysis of M Dwarf Flaring with the 𝛽 Pictoris Moving Group
Creators: name: Ealy, Jordan
name: Schlieder, Joshua
name: Komacek, Thaddeus
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: stellar flaring, magnetic reconnection, moving groups

description: Current models of the habitable zone, while accounting for atmospheric contributions and the host star’s luminosity, rarely include effects due to flaring. Stellar flares occur stochastically as the magnetic field reorganizes and releases panchromatic radiation which often has a higher brightness temperature (~9-20 kK) than the star itself. The excess ultraviolet and X-ray emission has notable implications for observable exoplanetary phenomena including induced photochemistry and atmospheric loss. The exceptionally enhanced magnetic activity in young M dwarfs compared to earlier types and older stars leads to flaring events becoming a significant contributor to the radiation environment around the star. Accordingly, identifying the evolution of stellar flare characteristics is vital to fully understand the broader planetary context needed to interpret observations of exoplanet masses and radii and transmission spectra. As a well-populated and nearby stellar association, the beta Pictoris moving group (24 +/- 3 Myr) provides an ideal starting point for an investigation of M dwarf flares over time within the context of larger flare studies in which nuance due to metallicity and age effects become less distinct. We use TESS observations to characterize flare properties of 49 young K and M dwarfs, such as total energy and cumulative flare rate, and associate them with stellar properties. We successfully produce the ‘saturated’ upper limit with respect to rotation rate, similar flare-frequency power law relations, and inflated flare activity seen in large studies, confirming the calibration of our reduction pipeline for other moving groups and associations at different ages. The shallow power laws fitted (a = -1.58) are indicative of this population’s tendency to produce more large flares than older samples.
Satisfied yet disloyal : a portrait of fickle consumers
Creators: name: Ok, Ekin
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2023

description: In today’s marketplace where consumers have an abundance of options for most consumer services, many sources claim that consumer disloyalty is becoming the new norm. Although an extensive literature examines what marketers can do to generate a committed customer base, a possibility that has not been examined thoroughly by previous research is that certain consumers may be dispositionally less likely to become committed customers as their loyalties are harder to earn and sustain. Despite its relevance to consumer theory, there is little empirical research on the personality traits that may underlie the propensity for consumers to develop fleeting, or unstable relationships with service providers. To help address this gap, this dissertation proposes a new construct termed ‘consumer fickleness’, which captures the generalized tendency to remain uncommitted to a service provider and display a lack of consistency in patronage. Unlike many other consumer-brand relationship constructs that describe a consumer’s bond with a single specific brand (e.g., brand attachment, brand love), consumer fickleness is conceptualized as a generalized individual difference that affects a consumer’s stance toward all service providers across different contexts. A series of studies were conducted to develop a psychometrically reliable and valid instrument to measure this tendency, resulting in a 12-item scale with three factors where each factor reflects a distinct motivator of fickle consumer behaviour. After examining the convergent and discriminant validity of the Consumer Fickleness Scale (CFS), seven studies demonstrated its consumption-related consequences including frequent switching, loyalty card ownership, seeking alternatives despite being satisfied, preference for shorter-term subscriptions, and willingness to pay a price premium for flexible cancellation. An additional two studies showed that the CFS also predicted theoretically relevant outcomes in non-consumption domains such as organizational commitment and commitment to romantic partners. As a meaningful individual difference construct, consumer fickleness carries substantial managerial implications for marketers and service providers. Measuring fickleness enables managers to forecast which consumers are most or least likely to respond to marketers’ efforts to cultivate loyalty. The three distinct motivators underlying the measure also provide a richer segmentation opportunity that allows marketers to develop more targeted and efficient customer acquisition and retention strategies.
title: On chiral excitations with exotic quantum numbers
Creators: name: Guo, Xiao-Yu
name: Heo, Yonggoo
name: Lutz, Matthias F.M.
Publisher: name: Elsevier
Year: 2022

description: We consider the flavour sextet of charmed meson resonances with Jᴾ = 1⁺ quantum numbers that is predicted by the leading order chiral Lagrangian with up, down and strange quarks. The effect of chiral correction terms as determined previously from QCD lattice data is worked out. Pole masses in the complex energy plane are derived. The most promising signal from such states accessible in experiments like Belle, LHCb and PANDA is foreseen in the s-wave π D* phase shift and the η D* invariant mass distribution. For physical quark masses a rapid variation of the phase shift in-between the η D* and the K D¯* s thresholds is predicted.