Olyra latifolia Linnaeus (1759: 1261
Creators: name: Lopes-Neto, Raimundo Balieiro
name: Viana, Pedro Lage
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Liliopsida
Poales
Poaceae
Olyra
Olyra latifolia

description: Olyra latifolia Linnaeus (1759: 1261). Fig 7 C–D.
Lectotype (designated by Jarvis et al. 1993):— JAMAICA. Sloane s.n. (lectotype BM-588763).
Rhizomes pachymorph, short necks, ca. 3 mm long. Culms ca. 2 m tall, erect to decumbent, leaning on the vegetation, internodes 37–43 cm long, hollow, smooth, shortly pilose, trichomes adpressed; nodes dark brown, shortly pilose. Leaf sheath shortly pilose, trichomes adpressed, margins ciliate; ligules ca. 0.7 mm long, membranous; pseudopetioles ca. 2.8 mm long, shortly pilose; blades 18–22 × 4.6–5.4 cm, ovate-lanceolate, shortly pilose on both surfaces, asymmetrical, base subcordate, margins shortly ciliate to scabrous, apex acuminate. Synflorescences 9–22 × 2–4 cm, pyramidal, the lower branches verticillate, with male spikelets only, the upper branches alternate and with male spikelets basally and 1 to many terminal female spikelets, rachis densely pilose, pedicels ca. 0.7 cm long, thickened, glabrous to shortly pilose. Male spikelets 4–4.6 × 0.5-0.7 mm, fusiform, yellowish (in siccus), glabrous, falling entire; lemma 3-nerved, apex awned, the awn 3.7–3.8 mm long; palea 2-nerved, apex acute; stamens 3, included, filaments ca. 0.5 mm, glabrous, anthers ca. 2 mm, black (in siccus). Female spikelets 10–12 × 1.4–2.2 mm, ovoid, stramineous (in siccus), pubescent or short-pilose, dispersion above the glumes; lower glume 7-nerved, margins glabrous or hirsute, apex awned, ca. 4.8 mm long; upper glume 5-nerved, margins glabrous, apex awned, ca. 3.8 mm long; anthecium 6.8–7.4 × 1.7–1.9 mm, ovoid, stramineous (in siccus), smooth, deciduous; lemma 3-nerved, glabrous to shortly pilose, apex obtuse; palea 2-nerved, shortly pilose at the apex, apex acute; lodicules ca. 0.3 mm; ovary ca. 1. mm long, elliptic, glabrous to shortly pilose, style ca. 3 mm long, glabrous to shortly pilose, stigma 2, plumose. Caryopsis not seen.
Specimens examined: — BRAZIL. Pará: Altamira, December 2005, Sobral 10885 (HUEFS); December 2005, Sobral 10512 (HUEFS); Reserva Biológica Nascentes da Serra do Cachimbo, Cachoeira do Curuá, 355 m, 8°44’05.4”S, 54°57’43”W, 28 May 2021, Lopes-Neto et al. 755 (MG); Cerca de 16 km a leste da BR 163, 570 m, 9°04’15.96”S, 54°46’27.32”W, 28 September 2019, Pastore et al. 1156 (MG); Ramal principal da REBIONSC, entrada a 65km de Cachoeira da Serra, 25 May 2021, Lopes-Neto et al. 677 (MG).
Distribution and habitat: —This species is Neotropical (Florida to Argentina) and also naturalized in Africa (Soderstrom & Zuloaga 1989). In Brazil, it is registered in the Amazon, Caatinga, Cerrado and Mata Atlântica domains, in all states, except Piauí and Rio Grande do Norte (Oliveira et al. 2020b). It occurs in gallery forests, Terra firme forests and secondary forests, usually below 1,000 meters (Soderstrom & Zuloaga 1989). In the Serra do Cachimbo, was found in mata ciliar in Campo cerrado and Open ombrophilous forest.
Comments: —See comments under Olyra caudata.
description: Published as part of Lopes-Neto, Raimundo Balieiro & Viana, Pedro Lage, 2022, Flora of the Serra do Cachimbo (Eastern Amazon, Brazil): Bambusoideae (Poaceae), including the description of two new species, pp. 99-129 in Phytotaxa 550 (2) on page 118, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.550.2.2, http://zenodo.org/record/6641088