cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Engineering passive swimmers by shaking liquids
Creators: name: Laumann, M.
name: Förtsch, A.
name: Kanso, E.
name: Zimmermann, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The locomotion and design of microswimmers are topical issues of current fundamental and applied research. In addition to numerous living and artificial active microswimmers, a passive microswimmer was identified only recently: a soft, Lambda-shaped, non-buoyant particle propagates in a shaken liquid of zero-mean velocity [Jo et al. Phys. Rev. E 94, 063116 (2016)]. We show that this novel passive locomotion mechanism works for realistic non-buoyant, asymmetric Janus microcapsules as well. According to our analytical approximation, this locomotion requires a symmetry breaking caused by different Stokes drags of soft particles during the two half periods of the oscillatory liquid motion. It is the intrinsic anisotropy of Janus capsules and Lambda-shaped particles that break this symmetry for sinusoidal liquid motion. Further, we show that this passive locomotion mechanism also works for the wider class of symmetric soft particles, e.g., capsules, by breaking the symmetry via an appropriate liquid shaking. The swimming direction can be uniquely selected by a suitable choice of the liquid motion. Numerical studies, including lattice Boltzmann simulations, also show that this locomotion can outweigh gravity, i.e., non-buoyant particles may be either elevated in shaken liquids or concentrated at the bottom of a container. This novel propulsion mechanism is relevant to many applications, including the sorting of soft particles like healthy and malignant (cancer) cells, which serves medical purposes, or the use of non-buoyant soft particles as directed microswimmers .
description: This is the version of the article before peer review or editing, as submitted by an author to New Journal of Physics. IOP Publishing Ltd is not responsible for any errors or omissions in this version of the manuscript or any version derived from it. The Version of Record is available online at https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/ab240c
Photon Transport in Disordered Photonic Crystals
Creators: Hsieh, Pin-Chun
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Photonic crystals
subject: Optics
subject: Photon transport theory
subject: Mechanical engineering
subject: FOS: Mechanical engineering

description: One of the daunting challenges in wave physics is to accurately control the flow of light at the subwavelength scale. By patterning the optical medium one can design anisotropic artificial medium, this engineering method is commonly known as photonic crystals or metamaterials. Negative or zero index of refraction, slow-light propagation, cloaking with transformation optics material, and beam collimation are only a few such unique functionalities that can be achieved in engineered media at the subwavelength scale. Another interesting phenomenon in wave physics, Anderson localization, which suggests electron localization inside a semiconductor, has been intensely investigated over the past years, including transverse localization in bulk and waveguide arrays periodic in one and two dimensions.
      Here we report the photon transport and collimation enhanced by transverse Anderson localization in chip-scale anisotropic artificial medium, a similar physical model to doping the impurity in insulator and turning it into a semiconductor. First, by engineering the photonic crystal, we demonstrate a new type of anisotropic artificial medium for diffraction-free transport through cascaded tunneling of guided resonances. High-resolution near-field measurements demonstrate the coupling of transverse guided resonances, supported by large-scale numerical modeling. Second, with the disordered scattering sites in this superlattices, we uncover the mechanism of disorder-induced transverse localization in chip-scale. Arrested spatial divergence is captured in the power-law scaling, along with the exponential asymmetric mode profiles and enhanced collimation bandwidth for increasing disorder, over 4,000 scattering sites. With increasing disorder, we observe the crossover from cascaded guided resonances into transverse localization regimes, beyond the ballistic and diffusive transport of photons.
      As disorder is ubiquitous in natural and artificial materials, the transport through random media is of great importance. It also leads to various interesting optical phenomena, of which the most surprising one is Anderson localization of light. However, not all the states in disordered system are localized. Nonlocalized modes that extend over the whole sample via coupling between multiple local cavities with similar resonance frequencies are also present in disordered systems. These extended modes are called necklace states. Here, we also show that long-distance beam collimation can be witnessed in millimeter-scale photonic crystals that were fabricated lithographically with ultrahigh resolutions. By precisely controlling the disorder level of three million scattering sites in photonic crystals, we uncovered the transformation of light flows from the propagation of regular Bloch modes to necklace states.
Polystachya simplex Rendle
Creators: name: Zhou, Ya-Dong
name: Mwachala, Geoffrey
name: Hu, Guang-Wan
name: Wang, Qing-Feng
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Liliopsida
Asparagales
Orchidaceae
Polystachya
Polystachya simplex

description: Polystachya simplex Rendle  —
Habit: Herb.
Habitat: LMWF; up to 1 800 m. Distribution: II.
Voucher: N/A.
References: Cribb (1984), Stewart & Campbell (2003).
description: Published as part of Zhou, Ya-Dong, Mwachala, Geoffrey, Hu, Guang-Wan & Wang, Qing-Feng, 2022, Annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Mount Kenya, East Africa, pp. 1-108 in Phytotaxa 546 (1) on page 26, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.546.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6550464
New robust weighted averaging- and model-based methods for assessing trait-environment relationships.
Creators: name: Cajo Ter Braak
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 60102 Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A robust trait-environment model must contain not only a variance component for species-specific response to environment but also one for site-specific trait-response. The weighted averaging approach (lm CWM/SNC) can be improved by weighting each site and species by Hill’s effective number of values that are averaged. The two methods had similar power in simulations.
title: The Snake Figuration in Iron Age society
Creators: name: Mouton, Michel
Publisher: name: National Library and Archives
Year: 2011
Subjects: Snakes - Eastern Arabia - Iron age

Introduction progressively has Arabia Eastern in years twenty last the during out carried Research quantity huge a light to bringing), BC 400-1200 (society Age Iron documented been already have data These. objects archaeological and remains architectural of or texts of lack the despite, and societies these of aspects several define to exploited and religion of domains the depict to attempt to possible seems now it literature .confidence some with archaeologically symbolism.
Galerima Reitter 1903
Creators: name: Viswajyothi, Keezhpattillam
name: Clark, Shawn M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Chrysomelidae
Galerima

description: Subgenus Galerima Reitter, 1903
Galerima Reitter, 1903: 133 (extralimital; type species Galeruca monticola Kiesenwetter, 1850, by monotypy).
description: Published as part of Viswajyothi, Keezhpattillam & Clark, Shawn M., 2022, New World genera of Galerucinae Latreille, 1802 (tribes Galerucini Latreille, 1802, Metacyclini Chapuis, 1875, and Luperini Gistel, 1848): an annotated list and identification key (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), pp. 1-102 in European Journal of Taxonomy 842 on page 13, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.842.1945, http://zenodo.org/record/7222499
Heat Kernel Asymptotics of the Gilkey-Smith Boundary Value Problem
Creators: name: Avramidi, Ivan G.
name: Esposito, Giampiero
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 58G20 (Primary) 58G11, 81T20 (Secondary)

description: The formulation of gauge theories on compact Riemannian manifolds with boundary leads to partial differential operators with Gilkey--Smith boundary conditions, whose peculiar property is the occurrence of both normal and tangential derivatives on the boundary. Unlike the standard Dirichlet or Neumann boundary conditions, this boundary-value problem is not automatically elliptic but becomes elliptic under certain conditions on the boundary operator. We study the Gilkey--Smith boundary-value problem for Laplace-type operators and find a simple criterion of ellipticity. The first non-trivial coefficient of the asymptotic expansion of the trace of the heat kernel is computed and the local leading asymptotics of the heat-kernel diagonal is also obtained. It is shown that, in the non-elliptic case, the heat-kernel diagonal is non-integrable near the boundary, which reflects the fact that the heat kernel is not of trace class. We apply this analysis to general linear bosonic gauge theories and find an explicit condition of ellipticity.
description: 19 pages, 55 KB, LaTeX, to appear in: Proc. Int. Conf. "Trends in Mathematical Physics", Knoxville, Oct. 14-17 1998, (Cambridge: International Press (1999))
title: Digital pedagogy: tools and services in the work of a teacher
Creators: name: ELS IPR BOOKS
Publisher: name: Ай Пи Ар Медиа
Year: 2024

description: The study aid reveals trends and patterns of digitalization of the educational sphere. The authors introduce students to the key concepts of digital pedagogy, components of digital literacy and digital competencies of a modern teacher, features of digital design of educational content, learning analytics technologies and educational data engineering. Particular attention is paid to covering practice-oriented issues of using digital services and tools in teaching activities in various areas: development of educational content, organization of educational activities, implementation of communication and feedback. For each line of services, functionality and features are described, comparative characteristics are highlighted, and step-by-step instructions are given for creating digital educational content using them. Intended for students studying in the enlarged group of specialties and areas of training “Education and Pedagogical Sciences,” as well as students of advanced training programs to develop the competencies of university teachers.
New robust weighted averaging- and model-based methods for assessing trait-environment relationships.
Creators: name: Cajo Ter Braak
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 60102 Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This material and R-code is part of the paper "ter Braak (2019) New robust weighted averaging- and model-based methods for assessing trait-environment relationships. Methods in Ecology and Evolution". This is the version 3 at acceptance of the paper. The abstract is:
1. Statistical analysis of trait-environment association is challenging owing to the lack of a common observation unit: Community weighted mean regression (CWMr) uses site points, multilevel models focus on species points, and the fourth-corner correlation uses all species-site combinations. This situation invites the development of new methods capable of using all observation-levels. To this end, new multilevel and weighted averaging-based regression methods are proposed. 2. Compared to existing methods, the new multilevel method, called MLM3, has additional site-related random effects; they represent the unknowns in the environment that interact with the trait. The new weighted averaging method combines site-level CWMr with a species-level regression of Species Niche Centroids on to the trait. Because species can vary enormously in frequency and abundance giving diversity variation among sites, the regressions are weighted by Hill's effective number (N2) of occurrences of each species and the N2-diversity of a site, and are subsequently combined in a sequential test procedure known as the max test. 3. Using the test statistics of these new methods, the permutation-based max test provides strong statistical evidence for trait-environment association in a plant community dataset, where existing methods show weak evidence. In simulations, the existing multilevel model showed bias and type I error inflation, whereas MLM3 did not. Out of the weighted averaging-based regression methods, the N2-weighted version best controlled the type I error rate. MLM3 was superior to the weighted averaging-based methods with up to 30% more power.
Semiclassical quantum states for black holes
Creators: name: Kiefer, Claus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I discuss the semiclassical approximation for the Wheeler-DeWitt equation when applied to the CGHS model and spherically symmetric gravity. Special attention is devoted to the issues of Hawking radiation, decoherence of semiclassical states, and black hole entropy.
description: 8 pages, LATEX, contribution for the Second Conference on Constrained Dynamics and Quantum Gravity, Santa Margherita, Italy, September 1996
New robust weighted averaging- and model-based methods for assessing trait-environment relationships.
Creators: name: Cajo Ter Braak
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 60102 Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This material and R-code is part of the paper "ter Braak (2019) New robust weighted averaging- and model-based methods for assessing trait-environment relationships. Methods in Ecology and Evolution https://doi.org/10.1111/2041-210X.13278 ". This is the version 4, one minor update after acceptance of the paper. See readme.txt. The abstract of the papere is:
1. Statistical analysis of trait-environment association is challenging owing to the lack of a common observation unit: Community weighted mean regression (CWMr) uses site points, multilevel models focus on species points, and the fourth-corner correlation uses all species-site combinations. This situation invites the development of new methods capable of using all observation-levels. To this end, new multilevel and weighted averaging-based regression methods are proposed. 2. Compared to existing methods, the new multilevel method, called MLM3, has additional site-related random effects; they represent the unknowns in the environment that interact with the trait. The new weighted averaging method combines site-level CWMr with a species-level regression of Species Niche Centroids on to the trait. Because species can vary enormously in frequency and abundance giving diversity variation among sites, the regressions are weighted by Hill's effective number (N2) of occurrences of each species and the N2-diversity of a site, and are subsequently combined in a sequential test procedure known as the max test. 3. Using the test statistics of these new methods, the permutation-based max test provides strong statistical evidence for trait-environment association in a plant community dataset, where existing methods show weak evidence. In simulations, the existing multilevel model showed bias and type I error inflation, whereas MLM3 did not. Out of the weighted averaging-based regression methods, the N2-weighted version best controlled the type I error rate. MLM3 was superior to the weighted averaging-based methods with up to 30% more power.
Assessing soil carbon storage and climate change mitigation in biosolids mine reclamation projects
Creators: name: Trlica, A.
name: Teshima, M.
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: Carbon release due to land-use change and clearance of natural cover contributes significantly to anthropogenic climate change. Biosolids, the treated and stabilized solids from municipal wastewater treatment, have been applied to mines for decades to facilitate reclamation success. Using biosolids as a soil amendment in mine reclamation may help mitigate climate change by reversing carbon losses in land degraded by surface mining. However, the magnitude of long-term soil carbon storage increases with biosolids use in reclamation is largely unknown. This study compared carbon storage in biosolids-amended and conventionally reclaimed mine soils several years after closure. Soil samples from 0-15 cm and 15-30 cm depths were taken from five surface mined areas, each containing sites reclaimed either with biosolids or with conventional reclamation approaches (e.g. topsoil + synthetic fertilizer). A focus of the sampling was to acquire information on sites with greater age since final reclamation (up to 27 years). Mines reclaimed with biosolids stored an average of 32.47 ± 3.16 tonnes of carbon per hectare more in the top 15 cm of soil than conventionally reclaimed sites; in the 15-30 cm soil layer differences in carbon storage were generally not significant. Using estimates of carbon storage from one of the mine areas and other published studies, a life cycle assessment was conducted to estimate the net greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from the use of biosolids in reclamation in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States. The assessment compared using biosolids to reclaim and reforest degraded land versus using biosolids in agriculture combined with conventional reclamation to forest. Accounting for GHG flows such as biomass and soil carbon increases and project-related fuel use, the assessment showed that using biosolids for reclamation had a greater GHG sink potential than conventional reclamation combined with agricultural biosolids applications. The results of the life cycle assessment show that coupling land reclamation with biosolids reuse carried a large potential for increases in on-site carbon storage. Incorporating biosolids into a mine reclamation program can reduce reclamation costs as well as promote climate change mitigation through increased organic carbon storage on-site.
Interlinked GTPase cascades provide a motif for both robust switches and oscillators
Creators: name: Ehrmann, Andreas
name: Nguyen, Basile
name: Seifert, Udo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: GTPases regulate a wide range of cellular processes, such as intracellular vesicular transport, signal transduction, and protein translation. These hydrolase enzymes operate as biochemical switches by toggling between an active guanosine triphosphate (GTP)-bound state and an inactive guanosine diphosphate (GDP)-bound state. We compare two network motifs, a single-species switch and an interlinked cascade that consists of two species coupled through positive and negative feedback loops. We find that interlinked cascades are closer to the ideal all-or-none switch and are more robust against fluctuating signals. While the single-species switch can only achieve bistability, interlinked cascades can be converted into oscillators by tuning the cofactor concentrations, which catalyse the activity of the cascade. These regimes can only be achieved with sufficient chemical driving provided by GTP hydrolysis. In this study, we present a thermodynamically consistent model that can achieve bistability and oscillations with the same feedback motif.
description: 11 pages, 9 figures
Level-One Representations and Vertex Operators of Quantum Affine Superalgebra $U_q[\hat{gl(N|N)}]$
Creators: name: Zhang, Yao-Zhong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Level-one representations of the quantum affine superalgebra $U_q[\hat{gl(N|N)}]$ associated to the appropriate non-standard system of simple roots and $q$-vertex operators (intertwining operators) associated with the level-one modules are constructed explicitly in terms of free bosonic fields.
description: Errors in the cocycle factors of the vertex operators and some typos are corrected. LaTex file 17 pages
Limits on a Stochastic Background of Gravitational Waves from Gravitational Lensing
Creators: name: Bar-Kana, Rennan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the effects of a stochastic background of gravitational waves on multiply imaged systems or on weak lensing. There are two possible observable effects, a static relative deflection of images or shear, and an induced time dependent shift or proper motion. We evaluate the rms magnitude of these effects for a COBE normalized, scale-invariant spectrum, which is an upper limit on spectra produced by inflation. Previous work has shown that large-scale structure may cause a relative deflection large enough to affect observations, but we find that the corresponding effect of gravity waves is smaller by $\sim 10^4$ and so cannot be observed. This results from the oscillation in time as well as the redshifting of the amplitude of gravity waves. We estimate the magnitude of the proper motion induced by deflection of light due to large-scale structure, and find it to be $\sim 10^{-8}$ arcsec per year. This corresponds to $\sim 50$ km/s at cosmological distances, which is quite small compared to typical peculiar velocities. The COBE normalized gravity wave spectrum produces motions smaller still by $\sim 10^2$. We conclude that light deflection due to these cosmological perturbations cannot produce observable proper motions of lensed images. On the other hand, there are only a few known observational limits on a stochastic background of gravity waves at shorter, astrophysical wavelengths. We calculate the expected magnitudes of the effects of lensing by gravity waves of such wavelengths, and find that they are too small to yield interesting limits on the energy density of gravity waves.
description: 14 pages, LaTex + 1 PS Figure, accepted version to be published in Phys. Rev. D15, Dec. 1996. An incorrect assumption was removed, also various other minor changes
Numerical Integration of Nonlinear Wave Equations for General Relativity
Creators: name: van Putten, Maurice H. P. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A second-order numerical implementation is given for recently derived nonlinear wave equations for general relativity. The Gowdy T$^3$ cosmology is used as a test bed for studying the accuracy and convergence of simulations of one-dimensional nonlinear waves. The complete freedom in space-time slicing in the present formulation is exploited to compute in the Gowdy line-element. Second-order convergence is found by direct comparison of the results with either analytical solutions for polarized waves, or solutions obtained from Gowdy's reduced wave equations for the more general unpolarized waves. Some directions for extensions are discussed.
description: 19 pages (LaTex), 3 figures (ps)
Photonic Switches and Networks for High-Performance Computing and Data Centers
Creators: Wang, Howard
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: Electrical engineering

description: The accelerated growth in performance of microprocessors and the emergence of chip multiprocessors, which are now widely leveraged in current data centers and high-performance computing (HPC) systems, have motivated the need for developing novel interconnection networks solutions to meet the growing need for data transmissions across all levels of the infrastructure. This work posits that, given the unique characteristics of optics---advantages and limitations---purpose-driven systems-level designs are necessary in order to harness the tremendous performance and efficiency opportunities that can be enabled by photonic interconnects. First, an enhanced optically connected network architecture is presented featuring advanced photonic functionalities to support a wider class of bandwidth-intensive traffic patterns characteristic of cloud computing systems. This proposed architectural framework can enable a rich set of photonic resources to be allocated on-demand to optimize communications between various applications within the data center. A prototype of the proposed optical network architecture is constructed and a demonstration of two unique functionalities, serving to validate the physical layer feasibility of the system, is presented. An instantiation of this architectural framework is presented that enables physical layer data duplication in order to more effectively support reliable group data delivery in the data center. Compared to the conventional solutions that duplicate data in the network or application layer, this architecture achieves efficient data transmission over the ultra-fast, loss-free, energy-efficient and low cost optical paths, with simplified flow control, congestion control, and group membership management. Both an end-to-end hardware experiment and large-scale simulations were carried out to evaluate the efficacy of the design. Next, the challenges associated with interfacing to photonically-switched networks are explored. In particular, various interface designs aimed at addressing the unique challenges imposed by optical-packet switched networks are proposed and evaluated. First, an overview of the data vortex network optical packet switch architecture is given. A high-speed optical packet formatter and interface is then presented along with the results of end-to-end data exchanges across the interface connected to a data vortex network. Finally, the design of a low-power all-optical interface alternative is validated with an end-to-end demonstration. Finally, various unique photonic switching node designs are introduced for a variety of applications|a nanosecond-scale bidirectional 2 x  2 switch to construct efficient optical fat-tree architectures, a 4 x  4 switch capable of operating as both a nanosecond-scale optical packet switch and as an optical circuit switch, and a non-blocking 4 x  4 switch designed for constructing on-chip photonic integrated networks.
Polystachya spatella Kraenzl.
Creators: name: Zhou, Ya-Dong
name: Mwachala, Geoffrey
name: Hu, Guang-Wan
name: Wang, Qing-Feng
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Liliopsida
Asparagales
Orchidaceae
Polystachya
Polystachya spatella

description: Polystachya spatella Kraenzl.  —
Habit: Herb.
Habitat: LMWF, LMDF; 1 500–2 900 m. Distribution: IIIa.
 Voucher: Northwest Mount Kenya, Alt. 2073 m, 17 Jun. 1943, Moreau 577 (EA).
Reference: Agnew (2013).
description: Published as part of Zhou, Ya-Dong, Mwachala, Geoffrey, Hu, Guang-Wan & Wang, Qing-Feng, 2022, Annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Mount Kenya, East Africa, pp. 1-108 in Phytotaxa 546 (1) on page 26, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.546.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6550464
Tutorial and R-package TraitEnvMLMWA for new robust weighted averaging- and model-based methods for assessing trait-environment relationships.
Creators: name: Cajo Ter Braak
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 60102 Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This material with R-code and R package TraitEnvMLMWA is part of the paper "ter Braak (2019) New robust weighted averaging- and model-based methods for assessing trait-environment relationships. Methods in Ecology and Evolution https://doi.org/10.1111/2041-210X.13278 ". This is the version 5, the version at publication in Early View after acceptance of the paper. See readme.txt. The abstract of the paper is:
1. Statistical analysis of trait-environment association is challenging owing to the lack of a common observation unit: Community weighted mean regression (CWMr) uses site points, multilevel models focus on species points, and the fourth-corner correlation uses all species-site combinations. This situation invites the development of new methods capable of using all observation-levels. To this end, new multilevel and weighted averaging-based regression methods are proposed. 2. Compared to existing methods, the new multilevel method, called MLM3, has additional site-related random effects; they represent the unknowns in the environment that interact with the trait. The new weighted averaging method combines site-level CWMr with a species-level regression of Species Niche Centroids on to the trait. Because species can vary enormously in frequency and abundance giving diversity variation among sites, the regressions are weighted by Hill's effective number (N2) of occurrences of each species and the N2-diversity of a site, and are subsequently combined in a sequential test procedure known as the max test. 3. Using the test statistics of these new methods, the permutation-based max test provides strong statistical evidence for trait-environment association in a plant community dataset, where existing methods show weak evidence. In simulations, the existing multilevel model showed bias and type I error inflation, whereas MLM3 did not. Out of the weighted averaging-based regression methods, the N2-weighted version best controlled the type I error rate. MLM3 was superior to the weighted averaging-based methods with up to 30% more power.
Tutorial and R-package TraitEnvMLMWA for new robust weighted averaging- and model-based methods for assessing trait-environment relationships.
Creators: name: Cajo Ter Braak
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 60102 Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This material with R-code and R package TraitEnvMLMWA is part of the paper "ter Braak (2019) New robust weighted averaging- and model-based methods for assessing trait-environment relationships. Methods in Ecology and Evolution https://doi.org/10.1111/2041-210X.13278 ". This is the version 6, the version at publication in Early View after acceptance of the paper. See readme.txt. The abstract of the paper is:
1. Statistical analysis of trait-environment association is challenging owing to the lack of a common observation unit: Community weighted mean regression (CWMr) uses site points, multilevel models focus on species points, and the fourth-corner correlation uses all species-site combinations. This situation invites the development of new methods capable of using all observation-levels. To this end, new multilevel and weighted averaging-based regression methods are proposed. 2. Compared to existing methods, the new multilevel method, called MLM3, has additional site-related random effects; they represent the unknowns in the environment that interact with the trait. The new weighted averaging method combines site-level CWMr with a species-level regression of Species Niche Centroids on to the trait. Because species can vary enormously in frequency and abundance giving diversity variation among sites, the regressions are weighted by Hill's effective number (N2) of occurrences of each species and the N2-diversity of a site, and are subsequently combined in a sequential test procedure known as the max test. 3. Using the test statistics of these new methods, the permutation-based max test provides strong statistical evidence for trait-environment association in a plant community dataset, where existing methods show weak evidence. In simulations, the existing multilevel model showed bias and type I error inflation, whereas MLM3 did not. Out of the weighted averaging-based regression methods, the N2-weighted version best controlled the type I error rate. MLM3 was superior to the weighted averaging-based methods with up to 30% more power.
The Creation of Spectral Gaps by Graph Decoration
Creators: name: Schenker, Jeffrey H.
name: Aizenman, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 47A10; 05C99

description: We present a mechanism for the creation of gaps in the spectra of self-adjoint operators defined over a Hilbert space of functions on a graph, which is based on the process of graph decoration. The resulting Hamiltonians can be viewed as associated with discrete models exhibiting a repeated local structure and a certain bottleneck in the hopping amplitudes.
description: AMS-LaTeX, 9 pages, 3 figures (eps)
h analogue of Newton's binomial formula
Creators: name: Benaoum, H. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this letter, the $h$--analogue of Newton's binomial formula is obtained in the $h$--deformed quantum plane which does not have any $q$--analogue. For $h=0$, this is just the usual one as it should be. Furthermore, the binomial coefficients reduce to $\frac{n!}{(n-k)!}$ for $h=1$. \\ Some properties of the $h$--binomial coefficients are also given. \\ Finally, I hope that such results will contribute to an introduction of the $h$--analogue of the well--known functions, $h$--special functions and $h$--deformed analysis.
description: 6 pages, latex Jounal-ref: J. Phys. A: Math. Gen. 31 (1998) L751
Galerotoma Reitter 1903
Creators: name: Viswajyothi, Keezhpattillam
name: Clark, Shawn M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Chrysomelidae
Galerotoma

description: Subgenus Galerotoma Reitter, 1903
Galerotoma Reitter, 1903: 139 (extralimital; type species Adimonia haagi Joannis, 1865, by monotypy).
description: Published as part of Viswajyothi, Keezhpattillam & Clark, Shawn M., 2022, New World genera of Galerucinae Latreille, 1802 (tribes Galerucini Latreille, 1802, Metacyclini Chapuis, 1875, and Luperini Gistel, 1848): an annotated list and identification key (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), pp. 1-102 in European Journal of Taxonomy 842 on page 13, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.842.1945, http://zenodo.org/record/7222499
Multimomentum Maps in General Relativity
Creators: name: Stornaiolo, Cosimo
name: Esposito, Giampiero
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The properties of multimomentum maps on null hypersurfaces, and their relation with the constraint analysis of General Relativity, are described. Unlike the case of spacelike hypersurfaces, some constraints which are second class in the Hamiltonian formalism turn out to contribute to the multimomentum map.
description: 9 pages, Latex, to appear in Proceedings of the Second Conference on Constrained Dynamics and Quantum Gravity, Santa Margherita Ligure, Italy, 17-21 September 1996. Edited by V. de Alfaro et al
Vial sonication and ultrasonic immersion probe sonication to generate stable dispersions of multiwall carbon nanotubes for physico-chemical characterization and biological testing
Creators: name: Rio-Echevarria, Iria M.
name: Ponti, Jessica
name: Urbán, Patricia
name: Gilliland, Douglas
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Nanotechnology is considered to be a key enabling technology and in recent years there has been much growth in the use of nanostructured materials in industrial applications and in consumer products. It is, therefore, important that prior to being commercialized in consumer products, engineered nanomaterials are subjected to a thorough physico-chemical characterization as part of broader risk assessment to evaluate their possible effects on human health and the environment. The proper dispersion of nanomaterials sourced as powders becomes a first crucial step in the characterization process. This paper focuses on the dispersion of multiwall carbon nanotubes - often hydrophobic and tangled - since it may be challenging to re-disperse them effectively in aqueous media prior to characterization. A comparison has been made of non-contact vial sonication and immersion probe sonication using tannic acid as a dispersant. Transmission electron microscopy and UV-Vis spectroscopy were the techniques used to evaluate the dispersions. We used High Content Imaging and Colony Forming Efficiency to perform in vitro cytotoxicity studies on Human Alveolar Epithelial cells. It was found that both sonication treatments produce equivalent stable dispersions. No cytotoxic effects from MWCNTs were observed although some toxicity was observed and attributed to excess of the tannic acid dispersant.
Active modulation of surfactant driven flow instabilities by swarming bacteria
Creators: name: Kotian, Harshitha S.
name: Harkar, Shalini
name: Joge, Shubham
name: Mishra, Ayushi
name: Abdulla, Amith Z.
name: Singh, Varsha
name: Varma, Manoj M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Models based on surfactant driven instabilities have been employed to describe pattern formation by swarming bacteria. However, by definition, such models cannot account for the effect of bacterial sensing and decision making. Here we present a more complete model for bacterial pattern formation which accounts for these effects by coupling active bacterial motility to the passive fluid dynamics. We experimentally identify behaviours which cannot be captured by previous models based on passive population dispersal and show that a more accurate description is provided by our model. It is seen that the coupling of bacterial motility to the fluid dynamics significantly alters the phase space of surfactant driven pattern formation. We also show that our formalism is applicable across bacterial species.
Polystachya transvaalensis Schltr.
Creators: name: Zhou, Ya-Dong
name: Mwachala, Geoffrey
name: Hu, Guang-Wan
name: Wang, Qing-Feng
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Liliopsida
Asparagales
Orchidaceae
Polystachya
Polystachya transvaalensis

description: Polystachya transvaalensis Schltr.  —
Habit: Herb.
Habitat: LMWF; 1 600–3 400 m. Distribution: II.
 Voucher: Kamweti Track, near Kamweti Camp Site, Alt. 2 398 m, 31 Jan. 2015, SAJIT 003057 (HIB).
References: Bussmann (1993, 1994), Stewart & Campbell (2003), Agnew (2013).
description: Published as part of Zhou, Ya-Dong, Mwachala, Geoffrey, Hu, Guang-Wan & Wang, Qing-Feng, 2022, Annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Mount Kenya, East Africa, pp. 1-108 in Phytotaxa 546 (1) on page 26, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.546.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6550464
D3.4. Accessibility Interface
Creators: name: Mies, Ronald
name: tho Pesch, Peter
name: Pöschel, Stefan
name: Ritter, Doreen
name: Schärer, Zora
name: Montagud, Mario
name: Mata Ferrate, Jordi
name: Mas Peinado, Francesc
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: UI, user guidance, user guidance

description: This document addresses the topic “access to accessibility services” by looking at the UI itself as well as the signalling of accessibility services. It contains the experience from the ImAc consortium regarding UI / user guidance that has been collected so far by the consortium and describes best practices for the UI as well as for the signalling of accessibility services in the content stream and regarding handling redundant, potentially inconsistent signalling information from different abstraction levels in the UI.
Photoredox-Catalyzed Site-Selective Functionalization of Primary Amine Derivatives
Creators: Ashley, Melissa Ann
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Chemistry, Organic
Amines
Benzaldehyde
Chemical bonds

description: Given the prevalence of primary amines in biologically active molecules, an important area of research is devoted to creating methods to site-selectively functionalize their C(sp³)-H bonds. For simple aliphatic primary amines, many of these C-H bonds are chemically indistinguishable due to their similar electronics and sometimes, steric environments. Through strategic choice of activating group, site-selective functionalization at both α- and ẟ- positions is achieved. Exploiting inductive effect allows for a photoredox-catalyzed α-C(sp³)-H alkylation of trifluoromethanesulfonamides. In the case of trifluoroacetamides, functionalization is directed to a distal C(sp³)-H site via [1,5]-hydrogen atom transfer which results in a formal delta-aminomethylation and delta-cyanation. Lastly, by subjecting primary amines to an electron-rich benzaldehyde activating group, we leverage C-N bonds as a functional handle for deaminative radical cross-couplings.
The fate of cerium oxide nanoparticles in sediments and their routes of uptake in a freshwater worm
Creators: name: Cross, Richard K.
name: Tyler, Charles R.
name: Galloway, Tamara S.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry

description: The relative importance of ingestion and transdermal uptake of nanomaterials is poorly understood, particularly in sediment dwelling organisms, where diet has the potential to contribute significantly to particle accumulation. In aquatic sediments, nanoparticles may partition to bind with the solid fraction of sediment, be freely mobile in the pore water or, for certain metal/metal oxides, undergo dissolution, each of which could influence the route of nanoparticle uptake. Here, we used the freshwater worm Lumbriculus variegatus as a model species. We took advantage of its unique feeding and non-feeding life-stages to assess the contribution of dietary and transdermal uptake in the bioaccumulation of cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO2 NP) and soluble Ce(III)NO3. Distribution of cerium between the solid, colloidal and soluble fractions in the sediments was determined through sediment separations using micro and ultrafiltration techniques. We assessed particles of differing sizes (10, 28 and 615 nm CeO2) and stabilizing surfactants (10 nm electrostatic Citrate-CeO2 and steric stabilized PEG-CeO2). Soluble Ce(III)NO3, was found to accumulate readily across the skin of the worms whilst nanoparticles were not. Sediments reduced the uptake of CeIII by limiting the presence of dissolved species of cerium in the pore waters. Neither particle size nor the coatings studied altered the distribution of nanoparticles between solid and colloidal fractions of the sediment, with ∼99% associated to the solid phase. Any uptake of CeO2 nanoparticles into worms was only through ingestion. Stabilized 10 nm particles were retained even after gut clearance, indicating that these particles may translocate across the gut wall.
Actions of GL_q(2,C) on C(1,3) and its four dimensional representations
Creators: name: Kharchenko, V. K.
name: Keller, Jaime
name: Rodriguez-Romo, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A complete classification is given of all inner actions on the Clifford algebra C(1,3) defined by representations of the quantum group GL_q(2,C), q^m\neq 1, which are not reduced to representations of two commuting "q-spinors". As a consequence of this classification it is shown that the space of invariants of every GL_q(2,C)-action of this type, which is not an action of SL_q(2,C), is generated by 1 and the value of the quantum determinant for the given representation.
description: 35 pages, LaTex2e
Polystachya vaginata Summerh.
Creators: name: Zhou, Ya-Dong
name: Mwachala, Geoffrey
name: Hu, Guang-Wan
name: Wang, Qing-Feng
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Liliopsida
Asparagales
Orchidaceae
Polystachya
Polystachya vaginata

description: Polystachya vaginata Summerh.  —
Habit: Herb.
Habitat: LMWF, LMDF; up to 2 000 m. Distribution: II.
Voucher: N/A.
Reference: Agnew (2013).
description: Published as part of Zhou, Ya-Dong, Mwachala, Geoffrey, Hu, Guang-Wan & Wang, Qing-Feng, 2022, Annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Mount Kenya, East Africa, pp. 1-108 in Phytotaxa 546 (1) on page 26, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.546.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6550464
Aesthetics for mine closure
Creators: name: McKenna, G.
name: Scordo, E.
name: Shuttleworth, D.
name: Straker, J.
name: Purdy, B.
name: Buchko, J.
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: There have been several historic attempts to quantify the aesthetics of natural landscapes, and many mines around the world are building reclaimed landscapes with a focus on visual appeal and/or natural appearance. There have been arguments made that form and function are closely linked, and hence mining landscapes should be fashioned to look natural; to look as though they have been the product of geomorphic change similar to that experienced over thousands or millions of years by the surrounding natural landscape, while some argue that aesthetic reclamation should be done for purely aesthetic purposes. Still others argue that preserving some of the historic / industrial features of a mining landscape is an important way of connecting humans to the land and its history, and hence preservation of historical resources can be an important element of mine reclamation. Our paper explores the interaction of these various concepts, ideas, and philosophies, and presents examples of bringing aesthetic considerations into landform design for mine closure. It offers qualitative and semiquantitative measures to design, construct, and evaluate aesthetics and natural appearance in mine closure, and offers a scorecard that may form a starting point for constructive dialogue.
Commutator Representations of Differential Calculi on the Quantum Group SU_q(2)
Creators: name: Schmuedgen, Konrad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 17B37; 46L87; 81R50

description: Let (Γ,d) be the 3D-calculus or the 4D_{\pm}-calculus on the quantum group SU_q(2). We describe all pairs (π, F) of a *-representation πof O(SU_q(2)) and of a symmetric operator F on the representation space satisfying a technical condition concerning its domain such that there exist a homomorphism of first order differential calculi which maps dx into the commutator [iF,π(x)] for x\in O(SU_q(2)). As an application commutator representations of the 2-dimensional left-covariant calculus on Podles' quantum 2-sphere S^2_{qc} with c=0 are given.
description: 21 pages, Latex+amsmath+amssymb+amsfonts