cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Observing water level extremes in the Mekong River Basin: The benefit of long-repeat orbit missions in a multi-mission satellite altimetry approach
Creators: name: Börgens, Eva
name: Dettmering, Denise
name: Seitz, Florian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Single-mission altimetric water level observations of rivers are spatially and temporally limited, and thus they are often unable to quantify the full extent of extreme flood events. Moreover, only missions with a short-repeat orbit, such as Envisat, Jason-2, or SARAL, could provide meaningful time series of water level variations directly. However, long or non-repeat orbit missions such as CryoSat-2 have a very dense spatial resolution under the trade-off of a repeat time insufficient for time series extraction. Combining data from multiple altimeter missions into a multi-mission product allows for increasing the spatial and temporal resolution of the data. In this study, we combined water level data from CryoSat-2 with various observations from other altimeter missions in the Mekong River Basin between 2008 and 2016 into one multi-mission water level time series using the approach of universal kriging. In contrast to former multi-mission altimetry methods, this approach allows for the incorporation of CryoSat-2 data as well as data from other long or non-repeat orbit missions, such as Envisat-EM or SARAL-DP. Additionally, for the first time, data from tributaries are incorporated. The multi-mission time series including CryoSat-2 data adequately reflects the general inter-annual flood behaviour and the extreme floodings in 2008 and 2011. It performs better than single-mission time series or multi-mission time series based only on short-repeat orbit data. The Probability of Detection of the floodings with the multi-mission altimetry was around 80\% while Envisat and Jason-2 single-mission altimetry could only detect around 40% of the floodings correctly. However, small flash floods still remain undetectable.
description: published in Journal of Hydrology
Additional file 1: of Selection at a genomic region of major effect is responsible for evolution of complex life histories in anadromous steelhead
Creators: name: Micheletti, Steven
name: Hess, Jon
name: Zendt, Joseph
name: Narum, Shawn
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Supporting figures. Supporting tables. Pooled-sequencing protocol. (DOCX 820 kb)
Fulica chloropus Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Gruiformes
Rallidae
Fulica
Fulica chloropus

description: Fulica chloropus [spec. nov.]
F. fronte calva, corpore nigro, digitis simplicibus.
Gallinula Chloropus. Alb. av. 2. p. 66. t. 72. & 3. p. 86. t. 91. Raj. av. 113.
Habitat in Europa.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 152, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Additional file 2: of The association between muscular strength and depression in Korean adults: a cross-sectional analysis of the sixth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES VI) 2014
Creators: name: Mee-Ri Lee
name: Jung, Sung
name: Bang, Hyuk
name: Kim, Hwa
name: Kim, Yong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Table S2. The association between continuous handgrip strength value and depressive symptoms for sex using multiple linear regression. (DOCX 15 kb)
About electrodynamics, standard model and the quantization of the electrical charge
Creators: name: Jora, Renata
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quantization of the electrical charge in the electrodynamics and of the hypercharge in the standard model are imposed in the theory based not on theoretical arguments but on the experimental observations. In this paper we propose a quantum consistency condition in a theory where Ward identities are respected that requires the quantization of the charge within the framework of the theory without external impositions. This refers to the renormalization conditions in the background gauge field method such that to ensure a correct mathematical correspondence between the bare partition function and the renormalized one. Applied to the standard model of elementary particles our criterion together with the anomaly cancellation condition leads to the correct hypercharge assignment of all standard model fermions.
description: 9 pages, published version
Plaskett's Star: an examination of the TESS photometric data
Creators: name: Stacey, E.
name: Wade, G.
name: Barron, J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Stars: individual
Plaskett's Star
TESS

description: HD 47129 (“Plaskett's Star”) is an O+O spectroscopic binary reported by Linder et al to have a short orbital period of approximately 14.4 d. Grunhut et al. (2013) reported the secondary component of this star to be strongly magnetic and follow up work (Grunhut et al., in prep.) determined the secondary star's rotational period to be 1.21551 d through magnetic modulation. This system is particularly significant because it is the only known close binary containing a magnetic O-type star. Furthermore, the rapid rotation of the magnetic star suggests there exists some mechanism that has rejuvenated the star's angular momentum. It has been proposed that past mass transfer may be responsible for this, raising questions about mass transfer as the origin of its magnetic field and suggesting a connection to stellar mergers as the origin for some magnetic fields. The TESS satellite observed this system from Dec 15, 2018 to Jan 6, 2019, providing new high-cadence, high-precision photometry for this system. To analyze this new data, we have developed a robust prewhitening method employing a two-stage routine for simultaneously fitting many frequencies. In addition to the new TESS data, we examined the archival CoRoT photometry (first analyzed by Mahy et al. 2011). These datasets are both roughly 1 month in length with comparable precision and were acquired 10 years apart. We analyzed both datasets independently as well as in tandem. Both datasets reveal the presence of strong modulation consistent with the rotation period of the magnetic star and its first harmonic as well as the weaker presence of several higher harmonics. The CoRoT dataset also exhibits modulation at the orbital period of the system and its harmonic. Individual analysis yields strong variability at 0.623, 0.286, 0.125, and 0.696 c/d for the TESS timeseries and 0.369, 0.648, and 0.146 c/d for the CoRoT timeseries. Finally, a combined analysis of the datasets demonstrates that the principal modulation at 1.645 c/d is stable over the 10 years separating the datasets. Ongoing work involves understanding the origin of the non-rotational non-orbital frequencies, evaluating their stability, and leveraging these results to better understand the properties and evolutionary history of the system
ISO LWS Spectroscopy of M82: A Unified Evolutionary Model
Creators: name: Colbert, J. W.
name: Malkan, M. A.
name: Clegg, P. E.
name: Cox, P.
name: Fischer, J.
name: Lord, S. D.
name: Luhman, M.
name: Satyapal, S.
name: Smith, H. A.
name: Spinoglio, L.
name: Stacey, G.
name: Unger, S. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first complete far-infrared spectrum (43 to 197 um) of M82, the brightest infrared galaxy in the sky, taken with the Long Wavelength Spectrometer of the Infrared Space Observatory (ISO). We detected seven fine structure emission lines, [OI] 63 and 145 um, [OIII] 52 and 88 um, [NII] 122 um, [NIII] 57 um and [CII] 158 um, and fit their ratios to a combination starburst and photo-dissociation region (PDR) model. The best fit is obtained with HII regions with n = 250 cm^{-3} and an ionization parameter of 10^{-3.5} and PDRs with n = 10^{3.3} cm^{-3} and a far-ultraviolet flux of G_o = 10^{2.8}. We applied both continuous and instantaneous starburst models, with our best fit being a 3-5 Myr old instantaneous burst model with a 100 M_o cut-off. We also detected the ground state rotational line of OH in absorption at 119.4 um. No excited level OH transitions are apparent, indicating that the OH is almost entirely in its ground state with a column density ~ 4x10^{14} cm^{-2}. The spectral energy distribution over the LWS wavelength range is well fit with a 48 K dust temperature and an optical depth, tau_{Dust} proportional to lambda^{-1}.
description: 23 pages, 4 figures, accepted by ApJ, Feb. 1, 1999
Additional file 1: of Microbiological and clinical profile of infective endocarditis patients: an observational study experience from tertiary care center Karachi Pakistan
Creators: name: Uzma Shahid
name: Hasanat Sharif
name: Joveria Farooqi
name: Jamil, Bushra
name: Erum Khan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Table S4. Risk profile and outcomes specific to the organisms isolated amongst. Infective Endocarditis patients admitted at AKUH 2015–2017 (n = 36). (DOCX 14 kb)
Studies of near-critical density laser plasma interactions for ion acceleration
Creators: name: Ettlinger, Oliver
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2017

description: This thesis presents experimental research, complemented by numerical particle-in-cell simulations, studying the interaction of a high power CO2 laser with near-critical density plasmas. The experiments all occurred around relativistic intensities, a0 ≃ 1, where radiation pressure effects are important. Experiments with a high intensity, 3.5 ps beam with peak intensities IL > 1016 Wcm−2, focussed on to a shaped, over-critical density hydrogen gas target were studied. The accelerated proton beams showed spectral peaking, indicative of radiation pressure or collisionless shock driven acceleration. Higher than previously observed proton energies for this laser system were observed, with peak energies > 1.8 MeV, and energy spreads as low as ∼ 5%. The peak proton energy showed good agreement with the predicted energy scaling for hole-boring RPA, with Ep ∝ IL/ni. Experiments were also conducted at lower intensities, with a 5 ps beam of peak intensity IL∼ 1015 Wcm−2 again focussed on to a shaped hydrogen gas target. Here, the unique laser and target conditions lead to a plasma grating structure being formed in the density ramp preceding the critical surface, from which radiation pressure driven acceleration could occur. The limited mass of these grating structures, along with the suppressed background density, results in enhanced acceleration when compared to that at the unmodified critical surface. Experimentally, a dependence on the peak proton energy compared with the scale length of the plasma preceding the critical surface was observed, attributed to an optimal density profile for the grating formation. Finally, using the same experimental conditions, an alternative method for producing thin gas targets was explored, through two colliding blast waves. Proton acceleration was studied for relative levels of separation between the shock fronts, with the optimal case being at the point of collision. Numerical simulations suggest that acceleration was again enhanced by the creation of grating structures in the sharpened density profile.
Properties of Galaxy Clusters: Mass and Correlation Functions
Creators: name: Governato, F.
name: Babul, A.
name: Quinn, T.
name: Tozzi, P.
name: Baugh, C. M.
name: Katz, N.
name: Lake, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyse parallel N-body simulations of three Cold Dark Matter (CDM) universes to study the abundance and clustering of galaxy clusters. The simulations cover a volume comparable to the forthcoming SDSS. We are able to make robust measurements of cluster properties to a redshift larger than unity. We extract halos using two independent, public domain group finders (FOF & HOP) and find consistent results. The correlation function of clusters is in very good agreement with a simple analytic prescription based upon a Lagrangian biasing scheme developed by Mo & White (1996) and the Press-Schechter (PS) formalism for the mass function. The R_0--D_c relation for the open CDM model is in good agreement with the results from the APM Cluster Survey. The SCDM universe shows a robust deviation in the shape and evolution of the mass function when compared with that predicted by the PS formalism. Critical models with a low sigma_8 normalization or small shape parameter Gamma show an excess of massive clusters compared with the PS prediction. When cluster normalized, the SCDM universe at z =1 contains 10 times more clusters with temperatures greater than 7keV, compared with the PS prediction. The agreement between the analytic and N-body mass functions of SCDM can be improved if the value of the delta_c (the extrapolated linear theory threshold for collapse) is revised to be $ delta_c(z) = 1.685[(0.7/sigma_8)(1+z)]^{-0.125}. Our best estimate for the amplitude of fluctuations inferred from the local cluster abundance for SCDM is sigma_{8} = 0.5 \pm 0.04. However, the discrepancy between the temperature function predicted in a critical density universe and that observed at z=0.33 (Henry et al. 1998) remains. (abridged)
description: Submitted to MNRAS. 20 pages. 14 postscript figures. Also available at http://star-www.dur.ac.uk/~fabio/index.html
Pathwise Integration and functional calculus for paths with finite quadratic variation
Creators: name: Ananova, Anna
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2018

description: This thesis develops a pathwise calculus for non-anticipative functionals of paths with finite quadratic variation and studies its relation with the theory of controlled paths. We study the mathematical properties of a pathwise integral defined as a limit of Riemann sums for a class of non-anticipative gradient-type integrands. We establish for this integral a pathwise isometry property, analogous to the well-known Ito isometry for stochastic integrals, and obtain a pathwise 'signal plus noise' decomposition as a unique sum of a pathwise integral and a component with zero quadratic variation for regular functionals of an irregular path with non-vanishing quadratic variation. Our results are strictly pathwise but apply to typical paths of continuous semimartingales. In the second part of the thesis we explore the relations between this non-anticipative functional calculus and the theory of controlled paths. We show that a regular functional generates a family of controlled paths whose `Gubinelli derivative' may be represented as a directional derivative. Conversely, we show that a family of controlled paths parameterized by the underlying control function may be represented as a vertically differentiable functional. This result leads to a chain rule for controlled paths and systematic way of constructing them. In the last part of the thesis we extend these results to functionals of discontinuous paths which are right-continuous with left limits.
Fulica porphyrio Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Gruiformes
Rallidae
Fulica
Fulica porphyrio

description: Fulica porphyrio [spec. nov.]
F. fronte calva, corpore violaceo, digitis simplicibus.
Fulica major pulla, fronte cera coceinea oblongo-qua- drata. Brown. jam. 479.
Porphyrio. Alb. av. 3. p. 79. t. 84. Raj. av. 116. n. 13. Edw. av. 87. t. 87. Dodart. act. 3. p. 30?
Habitat in Asia, America.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 152, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Exploring the Delivery of a Violence Intervention Program in a Forensic Mental Health Hospital
Creators: name: Sondhu, Monique K.
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2025

description: Little research has explored patients' and staff perspectives of violence intervention programs in forensic mental health hospitals; however, this can provide valuable information about what works well and what does not. The aim of this thesis is to explore barriers and enablers, within the environment and within the person, that may impact the delivery of and engagement in a violence intervention program. Results from the thesis highlight the critical role that the hospital environment has in delivering offence specific programs. Specifically, staff should have the appropriate resources and support to deliver the program, and participants should be well supported to engage in the program.
The electronics of the energy plane of the NEXT-White detector
Creators: name: Álvarez, V.
name: Herrero, V.
name: Esteve, R.
name: Laing, A.
name: Rodríguez, J.
name: Querol, M.
name: Monrabal, F.
name: Toledo, J. F.
name: Gómez-Cadenas, J. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper describes the electronics of NEXT-White (NEW) detector PMT plane, a high pressure xenon TPC with electroluminescent amplification (HPXe-EL) currently operating at the Laboratorio Subterraáneo de Canfranc (LSC) in Huesca, Spain. In NEXT-White the energy of the event is measured by a plane of photomultipliers (PMTs) located behind a transparent cathode. The PMTs are Hamamatsu R11410-10 chosen due to their low radioactivity. The electronics have been designed and implemented to fulfill strict requirements: an overall energy resolution below 1% and a radiopurity budget of 20 mBq unit-1 in the chain of 214Bi . All the components and materials have been carefully screened to assure a low radioactivity level and at the same time meet the required front-end electronics specifications. In order to reduce low frequency noise effects and enhance detector safety a grounded cathode connection has been used for the PMTs. This implies an AC-coupled readout and baseline variations in the PMT signals. A detailed description of the electronics and a novel approach based on a digital baseline restoration to obtain a linear response and handle AC coupling effects is presented. The final PMT channel design has been characterized with linearity better than 0.4% and noise below 0.4mV .
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1804.02409
Governance, Architectures and Business Models for Data and Cloud Federations: the EOSC and GAIA-X Case Studies
Creators: name: Dietrich, Mark
name: Ferrari, Tiziana
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Cloud Federation, EOSC, GAIA-X, EGI

description: Data and tools to realize the data value chain are enablers of digital transformation in all sectors of the economy and society, boosting economic development, increasing the ability to tackle societal challenges and excel in science. To realize this, collaboration, across business sectors, scientific domains and organizational boundaries, countries and continents, is widely seen as essential to innovation, productivity and discovery. Federation of data and services coupled with interoperability frameworks for compliance to federation-level policies, technical standards and service delivery processes, have been successfully adopted in many domains. This paper compares governance, architectures and models of federation for cloud-based data exploitation focusing on two use cases: the European Open Science Cloud and GAIA-X, the Federated Data Infrastructure for Europe.
Training Bayesian Neural Networks with Sparse Subspace Variational Inference
Creators: name: Li, Junbo
name: Miao, Zichen
name: Qiu, Qiang
name: Zhang, Ruqi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Bayesian neural networks (BNNs) offer uncertainty quantification but come with the downside of substantially increased training and inference costs. Sparse BNNs have been investigated for efficient inference, typically by either slowly introducing sparsity throughout the training or by post-training compression of dense BNNs. The dilemma of how to cut down massive training costs remains, particularly given the requirement to learn about the uncertainty. To solve this challenge, we introduce Sparse Subspace Variational Inference (SSVI), the first fully sparse BNN framework that maintains a consistently highly sparse Bayesian model throughout the training and inference phases. Starting from a randomly initialized low-dimensional sparse subspace, our approach alternately optimizes the sparse subspace basis selection and its associated parameters. While basis selection is characterized as a non-differentiable problem, we approximate the optimal solution with a removal-and-addition strategy, guided by novel criteria based on weight distribution statistics. Our extensive experiments show that SSVI sets new benchmarks in crafting sparse BNNs, achieving, for instance, a 10-20x compression in model size with under 3\% performance drop, and up to 20x FLOPs reduction during training compared with dense VI training. Remarkably, SSVI also demonstrates enhanced robustness to hyperparameters, reducing the need for intricate tuning in VI and occasionally even surpassing VI-trained dense BNNs on both accuracy and uncertainty metrics.
Investigating the effect of mesostructure on the shock response of granular materials through numerical modelling
Creators: name: Derrick, James
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2018

description: Shock compaction of granular matter is of great interest to many fields such as planetary science, shock-chemistry, and ballistics. Often, in planetary science particularly, the scales are too large to perform experiments. Models are needed that parametrise the porosity. These are developed by investigating the response of granular systems whilst controlling influential properties. Granular matter, however, possesses many potentially influential properties and numerical models are the best method available to investigate granular matter whilst controlling its many properties. This thesis considers the effects of mesostructure on the shock response of granular matter. The number of contacts present in a granular system has a distinct effect on its shock response and it is observed that more contacts can artificially stiffen a granular material's shock response. The shock compaction of a bimodal powder, is an important problem in recent research into the formation of asteroids. A joint numerical-experimental approach was taken to investigate shock response in this system at the mesoscale. The large grains, embedded in the fine surrounding powder were found to `shield' the fine powder as the shock wave passed. The porosity vector was introduced to quantify this effect. Finally, the thesis examines the efficacy of semi-explicitly resolving more complex granular materials in simulations, with the lunar regolith as a case study. The method was found to reproduce an explicitly resolved sample's response best when the parametrised material was engineered to possess the same porosity as the bulk porosity (through introduction of explicit pore space). Changing the grain morphology did not affect the system on the bulk scale, but local changes were observed and a critical angle a grain face could have with a shock wave was found that generated the highest local temperatures and pressures.
Additional file 1: of The association between muscular strength and depression in Korean adults: a cross-sectional analysis of the sixth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES VI) 2014
Creators: name: Mee-Ri Lee
name: Jung, Sung
name: Bang, Hyuk
name: Kim, Hwa
name: Kim, Yong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Table S1. Weight status of the participants for each sex, for each age group and according to depression. (DOCX 18 kb)
N-point correlations in CDM and $Ω$CDM Simulations
Creators: name: Szapudi, Istvan
name: Quinn, Thomas
name: Stadel, Joachim
name: Lake, George
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Higher order statistics are investigated in ($Ω$)CDM universes by analyzing $500\mpc$ high resolution tree N-body simulations with both $Ω= 1$, and $Ω< 1$. The amplitudes of the N-point correlation functions are calculated from moments of counts-in-cells determined by a pair of new algorithms especially developed for large simulations. This approach enables massive oversampling with $\simeq 10^{9-14}$ cells for accurate determination of factorial moments from up to 47 million particles in the scale range of $8 \kpc - 125\mpc$. Thorough investigation shows that there are three scale ranges in the simulations: $\ge 8\mpc$, weakly non-linear regime, where perturbation theory applies with utmost precision, $1\mpc - 8\mpc$, the non-linear plateau, and finally $\le 1\mpc$, a regime where dynamical discreteness effects dominate the higher order statistics. In the physically relevant range of $1\mpc-125\mpc$ the results i) confirm the validity of perturbation theory in the weakly non-linear regime, ii) establish the existence of a plateau in the highly non-linear regime similar to the one observed in scale free simulations iii) show extended perturbation theory to be an excellent approximation for the non-linear regime iv) find the time dependence of the $S_N$'s to be negligible in both regimes v) in comparison with similar measurements in the EDSGC survey, strongly support $Ω< 1$ with no biasing vi) show that the formulae of Szapudi & Colombi (1996) provide a good approximation for errors on higher order statistics measured in N-body simulations.
description: 19 pages, 9 postscript figures, submitted to Apj
Electromagnetic field enhancement in classical and quantum plasmonics
Creators: name: Fitzgerald, Jamie
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2018

description: Plasmonics has ushered in an era of precise control over light using the hybrid light-matter collective oscillations of electrons in metals, it is sandwiched in-between the realms of electronics and photonics, i.e. nanometre devices operating at frequencies beyond the terahertz. It offers the promise to mirror the huge technological impact that electronics and photonics have had on all our lives, providing an interface between the two that combines the strengths of each. One of the most defining features of plasmonics is `hot spots': regions of extreme field enhancement confined to sub-diffraction volumes. Simulations of these highly localised fields are numerically challenging and need sophisticated theory involving a firm understanding of the intricacies of the near-field. In this work, the physics of extreme field enhancement is explored by considering three exemplary systems in classical and quantum plasmonics: the cavity, the nanolens, and the nanorod. For the cavity geometry, the role of new nanophotonic materials, graphene and polar dielectrics, are explored for building a novel platform for molecular sensing in the mid-infrared. Furthermore, the role of strong-coupling between the constituent modes is analysed. For the nanolens, the limits of extreme field enhancement are explored in the quantum regime where nonlocal losses kill strong nanolensing, and in the micron regime where localised surface phonon polaritons excited in polar dielectrics lead to unprecedented field enhancements on the order of 10^4. Far superior to disappointing metallic nanolenses, which are found to offer no better performance than the simpler spherical dimer geometry. Finally, the ultimate small size limit of the nanorod is explored: the single-atom-thick atomic chain. Electronic structure methods are used to identify quantum plasmons and explore the main loss channel at these sizes: plasmon-phonon coupling. This allows ab initio calculation of field enhancements, a first in quantum plasmonics.
The evolution of SMBH spin and AGN luminosities for $z<6$ within a semi-analytic model of galaxy formation
Creators: name: Griffin, Andrew J.
name: Lacey, Cedric G.
name: Gonzalez-Perez, Violeta
name: Lagos, Claudia del P.
name: Baugh, Carlton M.
name: Fanidakis, Nikos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Understanding how Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) evolve through cosmic time allows us to probe the physical processes that control their evolution. We use an updated model for the evolution of masses and spins of supermassive black holes (SMBHs), coupled to the latest version of the semi-analytical model of galaxy formation GALFORM using the Planck cosmology and a high resolution Millennium style dark matter simulation to make predictions for AGN and SMBH properties for $0 < z < 6$. We compare the model to the observed black hole mass function and the SMBH versus galaxy bulge mass relation at $z=0$, and compare the predicted bolometric, hard X-ray, soft X-ray and optical AGN luminosity functions to observations at $z < 6$, and find that the model is in good agreement with the observations. The model predicts that at $z<2$ and $L_{\mathrm{bol}} < 10^{43} \mathrm{ergs^{-1}}$, the AGN luminosity function is dominated by objects accreting in an Advection Dominated Accretion Flow (ADAF) disc state, while at higher redshifts and higher luminosities the dominant contribution is from objects accreting via a thin disc or at super-Eddington rates. The model also predicts that the AGN luminosity function at $z<3$ and $L_{\mathrm{bol}} < 10^{44} \mathrm{ergs^{-1}}$ is dominated by the contribution from AGN fuelled by quiescent hot halo accretion, while at higher luminosities and higher redshifts, the AGN luminosity function is dominated by the contribution from AGN fuelled by starbursts triggered by disc instabilities. We employ this model to predict the evolution of SMBH masses, Eddington ratios, and spins, finding that the median SMBH spin evolves very little for $0
description: MNRAS accepted. The previous version was a paper that has now been split in two. This new version is the first half of that paper
Biased-estimations of the Variance and Skewness
Creators: name: Hui, Lam
name: Gaztanaga, Enrique
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nonlinear combinations of direct observables are often used to estimate quantities of theoretical interest. Without sufficient caution, this could lead to biased estimations. An example of great interest is the skewness $S_3$ of the galaxy distribution, defined as the ratio of the third moment $\xibar_3$ and the variance squared $\xibar_2^2$. Suppose one is given unbiased estimators for $\xibar_3$ and $\xibar_2^2$ respectively, taking a ratio of the two does not necessarily result in an unbiased estimator of $S_3$. Exactly such an estimation-bias affects most existing measurements of $S_3$. Furthermore, common estimators for $\xibar_3$ and $\xibar_2$ suffer also from this kind of estimation-bias themselves: for $\xibar_2$, it is equivalent to what is commonly known as the integral constraint. We present a unifying treatment allowing all these estimation-biases to be calculated analytically. They are in general negative, and decrease in significance as the survey volume increases, for a given smoothing scale. We present a re-analysis of some existing measurements of the variance and skewness and show that most of the well-known systematic discrepancies between surveys with similar selection criteria, but different sizes, can be attributed to the volume-dependent estimation-biases. This affects the inference of the galaxy-bias(es) from these surveys. Our methodology can be adapted to measurements of analogous quantities in quasar spectra and weak-lensing maps. We suggest methods to reduce the above estimation-biases, and point out other examples in LSS studies which might suffer from the same type of a nonlinear-estimation-bias.
description: 28 pages of text, 9 ps figures, submitted to ApJ
Megamaser Disks in Active Galactic Nuclei
Creators: name: Kartje, John F.
name: Konigl, Arieh
name: Elitzur, Moshe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent spectroscopic and VLBI-imaging observations of bright extragalactic water maser sources have revealed that the megamaser emission often originates in thin circumnuclear disks near the centers of active galactic nuclei (AGNs). Using general radiative and kinematic considerations and taking account of the observed flux variability, we argue that the maser emission regions are clumpy, a conclusion that is independent of the detailed mechanism (X-ray heating, shocks, etc.) driving the collisionally pumped masers. We examine scenarios in which the clumps represent discrete gas condensations (i.e., clouds) and do not merely correspond to velocity irregularities in the disk. We show that even two clouds that overlap within the velocity coherence length along the line of sight could account (through self-amplification) for the entire maser flux of a high-velocity ``satellite'' feature in sources like NGC 4258 and NGC 1068, and we suggest that cloud self-amplification likely contributes also to the flux of the background-amplifying ``systemic'' features in these objects. Analogous interpretations have previously been proposed for water maser sources in Galactic star-forming regions. We argue that this picture provides a natural explanation of the time-variability characteristics of extragalactic megamaser sources and of their apparent association with Seyfert 2-like galaxies. We also show that the requisite cloud space densities and internal densities are consistent with the typical values of nuclear (broad emission-line region-type) clouds.
description: 55 pages, 7 figures, AASTeX4.0, to appear in The Astrophysical Journal (1999 March 1 issue)
title: ADCO, Cartulaire général de Cîteaux, dit de Jean de Cirey, (XVe siècle), tome IX, Cart. 193 (11 H 78), f. 0145r
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CG21/F.PETOT/2012
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris
subject: cartulaire
subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge

description: Cartulaire général de Cîteaux, dit de Jean de Cirey, (XVe siècle), tome IX, Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 193 (11 H 78), f. 0145r, Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Cartulaire général de Cîteaux, dit de Jean de Cirey, (XVe siècle), tome IX, Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 193 (11 H 78), f. 0145r, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https:// manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: abbaye de Cîteaux
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843261
description: Provenance: https://www.geonames.org/3024876
description: Provenance: http://www.idref.fr/030974844/id
description: Provenance: https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12228351v
Fulica spinosa Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Gruiformes
Rallidae
Fulica
Fulica spinosa

description: Fulica spinosa [spec. nov.]
F. fronte carunculata, corpore variegato, humeris spinosis, digitis simplicibus, ungue postico longissimo.
Gallinula alis cornubus donatis. Edw. av. 48. t. 48.
Habitat in America australi.
Unguis posticus rectus, digito longior. Pollex unius articuli insistens. Remiges virides.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on pages 152-153, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Observations of the Cosmic Microwave Background and Implications for Cosmology and Large Scale Structure
Creators: name: Lasenby, A. N.
name: Jones, A. W.
name: Dabrowski, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Observations of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) are discussed, with particular emphasis on current ground-based experiments and on future satellite, balloon and interferometer experiments. Observational techniques and the effects of contaminating foregrounds are highlighted. Recent CMB data is used with large scale structure (LSS) data to constrain cosmological parameters and the complementary nature of CMB, LSS and supernova distance data is emphasized.
description: 23 pages, 10 figures. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. A., 1998, in press
The Nature and Evolution of Classical Double Radio Sources from Complete Samples
Creators: name: Blundell, Katherine M.
name: Rawlings, Steve
name: Willott, Chris J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a study of the trends in luminosity, linear size, spectral index, and redshift of classical double radio sources from three complete samples selected at successively fainter low radio-frequency flux-limits. We have been able to decouple the effects of the tight correlation between redshift and luminosity (inherent in any single flux-limited sample) which have hitherto hindered interpretation of the relationships between these four source properties. The major trends found are that (i) spectral indices increase with linear size, (ii) rest-frame spectral indices have a stronger dependence on luminosity than on redshift except at high (GHz) frequencies, and that (iii) the linear sizes are smaller at higher redshifts. We reproduce the observed dependences in a model for radio sources (born throughout cosmic time according to a radio-source birth function) whose lobes are fed with a synchrotron-emitting population (whose energy distribution is governed by compact hotspots), and which suffer inverse Compton, synchrotron and adiabatic expansion losses. In simulating the basic observed dependences, we find that there is no need to invoke any systematic change in the environments of these objects with redshift if the consequences of imposing a survey flux-limit on our simulated datasets are properly included in the model. We present evidence that for a radio survey there is an unavoidable `youth--redshift degeneracy', even though radio sources are short-lived relative to the age of the Universe; it is imperative to take this into account in studies which seemingly reveal correlations of source properties with redshift such as the `alignment effect'.
description: 48 pages, 19 figures, uses aas2pp4.sty. To appear in AJ. Also available at http://www-astro.physics.ox.ac.uk/~kmb References updated and minor typos corrected
Additional file 1: of Change in health and social factors in mid-adulthood and corresponding changes in leisure-time physical inactivity in a prospective cohort
Creators: name: Snehal Pinto Pereira
name: Power, Chris
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Table S1. Prevalence of health and social factors at 33y and 50y and associations (ORs (95% CIs)) with physical inactivity at 33y or 50y. Table S2. Associations (RRRs (95% CIs)) between baseline health and social factors (33y) and physical inactivity 33y-to-50y. Table S3. Associations (RRRs (95% CIs)) between health and social factors (33y-to-50y) and physical inactivity 33y-to-50y. Table S4. Associations (RRRs (95% CIs)) between health and social factors (33y-to-50y) and physical inactivity 33y-to-50y (adjusted for additional covariates. (DOCX 33 kb)
Non-Gaussian Chi-squared method with the multivariate Edgeworth expansion
Creators: name: Amendola, Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I present here a generalization of the maximum likelihood method and the $χ^2$ method to the cases in which the data are {\it not} assumed to be Gaussian distributed. The method, based on the multivariate Edgeworth expansion, can find several astrophysical applications. I mention only two of them. First, in the microwave background analysis, where it cannot be excluded that the initial perturbations are non-Gaussian. Second, in the large scale structure statistics, as we already know that the galaxy distribution deviates from Gaussianity on the scales at which non-linearity is important. As a first interesting result I show here how the confidence regions are modified when non-Gaussianity is taken into account.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures. This is a paper published in 1996 in the proceedings of an Italian meeting. Since the proceedings are hard to find, and I got some requests for this work, I decided to put it on the web, in its original form (updating the references)
Additional file 2: of Survival estimates stratified by the Nottingham Prognostic Index for early breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies
Creators: name: Gray, Ewan
name: Donten, Anna
name: Payne, Katherine
name: Hall, Peter
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: PRISMA checklist. (DOCX 21 kb)
Derived categories of complete intersections, crepant categorical resolutions and homological projective duality
Creators: name: Turcinovic, Zak
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2018

description: Homological projective duality describes the bounded derived category D(X) of coherent sheaves on X when the latter is a complete intersection of hypersurfaces of the same degree. We give a procedure for constructing new HP duals from old and move beyond HPD by studying complete intersections cut out by hypersurfaces of varying degrees. First, starting with a HP dual pair X, Y and smooth orthogonal linear sections X_{L^{\perp}} , Y_L, we prove that the blowup of X in X_{L^{\perp}} is naturally HP dual to Y_L. The result also holds true when Y is a noncommutative variety or just a category. We extend the result to the case where the base locus X_{L^{\perp}} is a multiple of a smooth variety and the universal hyperplane has rational singularities; here the HP dual is a weakly crepant categorical resolution of singularities of Y_L. Second, for a complete intersection X ⊂ P^n, we show that the nontrivial part of D(X) is a weakly crepant categorical resolutions of a certain fractional Calabi–Yau category. This turns out to give examples of the previous story where, starting with a noncommutative HP dual, the blowing up process nevertheless gives geometric HP duals. This is also a generalisation of Kuznetsov’s story for nodal cubic fourfolds [32] and in particular we obtain new examples of Calabi–Yau categories that admit a geometric crepant resolution. Furthermore, we get a characterisation of complete intersections of Calabi–Yau Hodge type in terms of their derived category and infinitely many examples of rational varieties that are categorically representable in codimension 2.
Wavelet analysis and the detection of non-Gaussianity in the CMB
Creators: name: Hobson, MP
name: Jones, AW
name: Lasenby, AN
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the use of wavelet transforms in detecting and characterising non-Gaussian structure in maps of the cosmic microwave background (CMB). We apply the method to simulated maps of the Kaiser-Stebbins effect due to cosmic strings onto which Gaussian signals of varying amplitudes are superposed. We find the method significantly outperforms standard techniques based on measuring the moments of the pixel temperature distribution. We also compare the results with those obtained using techniques based on Minkowski functionals, and we again find the wavelet method to be superior. In particular, using the wavelet technique, we find that it is possible to detect non-Gaussianity even in the presence of a superposed Gaussian signal with five times the rms amplitude of the original cosmic string map. We also find that the wavelet technique is useful in characterising the angular scales at which the non-Gaussian signal occurs.
description: 14 pages, 12 figures, submitted to MNRAS
Counting zero-dimensional subschemes in higher dimensions
Creators: name: Cao, Yalong
name: Kool, Martijn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Consider zero-dimensional Donaldson-Thomas invariants of a toric threefold or toric Calabi-Yau fourfold. In the second case, invariants can be defined using a tautological insertion. In both cases, the generating series can be expressed in terms of the MacMahon function. In the first case, this follows from a theorem of Maulik-Nekrasov-Okounkov-Pandharipande. In the second case, this follows from a conjecture of the authors and a (more general $K$-theoretic) conjecture of Nekrasov. In this paper, we consider formal analogues of these invariants in any dimension $d \not \equiv 2 \ \mathrm{mod} \, 4$. The direct analogues of the above-mentioned conjectures fail in general when $d>4$, showing that dimensions 3 and 4 are special. Surprisingly, after appropriate specialization of the equivariant parameters, the conjectures seem to hold in all dimensions.
description: 18 pages. Published version