cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
NGTS-13b: A hot 4.8 Jupiter-mass planet transiting a subgiant star
Creators: name: Grieves, Nolan
name: Nielsen, Louise D.
name: Vines, Jose I.
name: Bryant, Edward M.
name: Gill, Samuel
name: Bouchy, François
name: Lendl, Monika
name: Bayliss, Daniel
name: Eigmueller, Philipp
name: Segransan, Damien
name: Acton, Jack S.
name: Anderson, David R.
name: Burleigh, Matthew R.
name: Casewell, Sarah L.
name: Chaushev, Alexander
name: Cooke, Benjamin F.
name: Gillen, Edward
name: Goad, Michael R.
name: Günther, Maximilian N.
name: Henderson, Beth A.
name: Hogan, Aleisha
name: Jenkins, James S.
name: Alves, Douglas R.
name: Jordán, Andrés
name: McCormac, James
name: Moyano, Maximiliano
name: Queloz, Didier
name: Raynard, Liam
name: Seidel, Julia V.
name: Smith, Alexis M. S.
name: Tilbrook, Rosanna H.
name: Udry, Stephane
name: West, Richard G.
name: Wheatley, Peter J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the discovery of the massive hot Jupiter NGTS-13b by the Next Generation Transit Survey (NGTS). The V = 12.7 host star is likely in the subgiant evolutionary phase with log g$_{*}$ = 4.04 $\pm$ 0.05, T$_{eff}$ = 5819 $\pm$ 73 K, M$_{*}$ = 1.30$^{+0.11}_{-0.18}$ M$_{\odot}$, and R$_{*}$ = 1.79 $\pm$ 0.06 R$_{\odot}$. NGTS detected a transiting planet with a period of P = 4.12 days around the star, which was later validated with the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS; TIC 454069765). We confirm the planet using radial velocities from the CORALIE spectrograph. Using NGTS and TESS full-frame image photometry combined with CORALIE radial velocities we determine NGTS-13b to have a radius of R$_{P}$ = 1.142 $\pm$ 0.046 R$_{Jup}$, mass of M$_{P}$ = 4.84 $\pm$ 0.44 M$_{Jup}$ and eccentricity e = 0.086 $\pm$ 0.034. Some previous studies suggest that $\sim$4 M$_{Jup}$ may be a border between two separate formation scenarios (e.g., core accretion and disk instability) and that massive giant planets share similar formation mechanisms as lower-mass brown dwarfs. NGTS-13b is just above 4 M$_{Jup}$ making it an important addition to the statistical sample needed to understand the differences between various classes of substellar companions. The high metallicity, [Fe/H] = 0.25 $\pm$ 0.17, of NGTS-13 does not support previous suggestions that massive giants are found preferentially around lower metallicity host stars, but NGTS-13b does support findings that more massive and evolved hosts may have a higher occurrence of close-in massive planets than lower-mass unevolved stars.
description: 11 pages, 9 figures, 4 tables, accepted by Astronomy & Astrophysics
Der Totenkopfschwärmer im Biologieunterricht
Creators: name: Nolding, Jana
name: Grotjohann, Norbert
Publisher: name: BU praktisch - Das Online-Journal für den Biologieunterricht
Year: 2019

description: In diesem Beitrag wird die Zucht des Totenkopfschwärmers im Biologieunterricht beschrieben. Mit Hilfe dieses Schmetterlings soll den Schülerinnen und Schülern die holometabole Metamorphose der Schmetterlinge nähergebracht werden.
description: BU praktisch - Das Online-Journal für den Biologieunterricht, Bd. 2 Nr. 3 (2019): Pflanzen - Tiere - Lebensräume
Fühle den Wald
Creators: name: Fränkel, Silvia
name: Sellmann-Risse, Daniela
name: Grotjohann, Norbert
Publisher: name: BU praktisch - Das Online-Journal für den Biologieunterricht
Year: 2019

description: In diesem Beitrag werden zwei waldpädagogische Aktivitäten vorgestellt. Bei der ersten („Seilführung“) laufen die Teilnehmenden blind einen Seilrundgang im Wald entlang, wobei sie sich an einem Seil tastend orientieren. Bei der zweiten („Baumbegegnung“) führt eine Person eine andere zu einem Baum, welcher erfühlt, wiedergefunden und bestimmt wird. Durch das Ausschalten des Sehsinns werden die originalen Begegnungen noch intensiver erlebt und eingeprägt. Die Aktivitäten beziehen sich u. a. auf affektive, soziale und fachliche Lernziele und sind sowohl für Kinder als auch Erwachsene geeignet.
description: BU praktisch - Das Online-Journal für den Biologieunterricht, Bd. 2 Nr. 3 (2019): Pflanzen - Tiere - Lebensräume
A between groups comparison of gains in English proficiency in a sheltered English immersion program
Creators: name: Crittenden, Rose Elizabeth
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Some second language learners are more successful than others. Students in the University of British Columbia/Ritsumeikan Joint Academic Exchange Programme, a sheltered English-as-a-second-language (ESL) immersion program, have in the past exhibited varying degrees of gain in English proficiency in their writing, reading, speech, and academic achievement during their stay in Vancouver. The explanation of why some learners become proficient in a second language may lie in our understanding the interactions of such individual attributes as the learner's age, language aptitudes, autonomy and motivation, attitudes, personality, cognitive style, learning strategies, background in language and knowledge of other languages. In this study the gain in English proficiency of all the students in the program was examined first and then the gain of two different groups of students who were categorized and "low" and "high" on the basis of their entry level scores on the Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL). The standardized tests used in this program were supplemented with two additional tests to measure gain in proficiency. A language experience questionnaire was given to all students and interviews of selected students from each group were conducted. The results of the standardized tests were analyzed and a significant difference in the gain of English proficiency between these two groups was found. An evaluation of the individual language learning histories and the interview data was conducted to further understand the language proficiency gains found from the psychometric measures. Implications for instruction and further research were reached.
Strong correlations in lossy one-dimensional quantum gases: from the quantum Zeno effect to the generalized Gibbs ensemble
Creators: name: Rossini, Davide
name: Ghermaoui, Alexis
name: Aguilera, Manel Bosch
name: Vatré, Rémy
name: Bouganne, Raphaël
name: Beugnon, Jérôme
name: Gerbier, Fabrice
name: Mazza, Leonardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider strong two-body losses in bosonic gases trapped in one-dimensional optical lattices. We exploit the separation of time scales typical of a system in the many-body quantum Zeno regime to establish a connection with the theory of the time-dependent generalized Gibbs ensemble. Our main result is a simple set of rate equations that capture the simultaneous action of coherent evolution and two-body losses. This treatment gives an accurate description of the dynamics of a gas prepared in a Mott insulating state and shows that its long-time behaviour deviates significantly from mean-field analyses. The possibility of observing our predictions in an experiment with $^{174}$Yb in a metastable state is also discussed.
description: 5 pages and 3 figures + Appendices
Der Helgoländer Lummenfelsen – Deutschlands einziger Vogelfelsen
Creators: name: Schmäing, Till
name: Grotjohann, Norbert
Publisher: name: BU praktisch - Das Online-Journal für den Biologieunterricht
Year: 2019

description: Wer bereits die Gelegenheit hatte, Helgoland zu besuchen, wird ihn kennen: Den Helgoländer Lummenfelsen. Dieser Vogelfelsen – benannt nach den dort brütenden Trottellummen – ist der Einzige in ganz Deutschland. Wenn nicht grad die Gelegenheit besteht im Rahmen einer biologischen Exkursion bzw. einer Klassen-/ Kursfahrt diesen beeindruckenden Lebensraum erleben zu dürfen, ermöglicht dieser Beitrag eine Auseinandersetzung mittels Gruppenpuzzle mit dem kleinsten Naturschutzgebiet Deutschlands und seinen Bewohnern. Die fachlichen Grundlagen werden mit Hilfe einer Sachanalyse illustriert, die sich im Anhang befindlichen Arbeitsblätter im Anschluss didaktisch kommentiert.
description: BU praktisch - Das Online-Journal für den Biologieunterricht, Bd. 2 Nr. 3 (2019): Pflanzen - Tiere - Lebensräume
Quasi-periodic Green's functions of the Helmholtz and Laplace equations
Creators: name: Moroz, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A classical problem of free-space Green's function $G_{0Λ}$ representations of the Helmholtz equation is studied in various quasi-periodic cases, i.e., when an underlying periodicity is imposed in less dimensions than is the dimension of an embedding space. Exponentially convergent series for the free-space quasi-periodic $G_{0Λ}$ and for the expansion coefficients $D_{L}$ of $G_{0Λ}$ in the basis of regular (cylindrical in two dimensions and spherical in three dimension (3D)) waves, or lattice sums, are reviewed and new results for the case of a one-dimensional (1D) periodicity in 3D are derived. From a mathematical point of view, a derivation of exponentially convergent representations for Schlömilch series of cylindrical and spherical Hankel functions of any integer order is accomplished. The quasi-periodic Green's functions of the Laplace equation are obtained from the corresponding representations of $G_{0Λ}$ of the Helmholtz equation by taking the limit of the wave vector magnitude going to zero. The derivation of relevant results in the case of a 1D periodicity in 3D highlights the common part which is universally applicable to any of remaining quasi-periodic cases. The results obtained can be useful for numerical solution of boundary integral equations for potential flows in fluid mechanics, remote sensing of periodic surfaces, periodic gratings, in many contexts of simulating systems of charged particles, in molecular dynamics, for the description of quasi-periodic arrays of point interactions in quantum mechanics, and in various ab-initio first-principle multiple-scattering theories for the analysis of diffraction of classical and quantum waves.
description: 60 pages, 5 figures; no change in the results; introduction rewritten, refined sectioning, Fig. 1 amended, 3 references added
Enhanced magnetization in the multiferroic nanocomposites Bi$_{0.9}$Gd$_{0.1}$Fe$_{0.9}$Mn$_{0.05}$X$_{0.05}$O$_3$ (X= Cr, Co) thin films
Creators: name: Hadouchi, Mohammed
name: Marrec, Francoise Le
name: Mahhouti, Zakaria
name: Belhadi, Jamal
name: Marssi, Mimoun El
name: Lahmar, Abdelilah
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we elaborated and characterized nanocomposite thin films using a preselected multiferroic matrix Bi$_{0.9}$Gd$_{0.1}$Fe$_{0.9}$Mn$_{0.1}$O$_3$ (BGFMO) in the aim to enhance their basic ferroelectric and magnetic properties. The local ferroelectric character of these nanocomposites thin films was investigated by piezoresponse force microscopy (PFM). Switching behavior for ferroelectric domains was probed by locally manipulating domains. The magnetic investigation showed that the incorporation of transition metal elements in the BGFMO matrix brings out interesting increase in the macroscopic magnetisation at room temperature. Moreover, a spin glass type behavior is observed in M(T) curves for the studied thin films.
Vertikale Landwirtschaft in der Schule
Creators: name: Hardt, Hanna
name: Heil, Ingeborg
name: Van Dongen, Joost T.
name: Bohrmann, Johannes
name: Schmidt, Romy
Publisher: name: BU praktisch - Das Online-Journal für den Biologieunterricht
Year: 2019

description: Vertikale Landwirtschaft ist angesichts der Problematik von Klimawandel und Welternährung ein hochaktueller Kontext für den Biologieunterricht. Die Kultivierung von Pflanzen erfolgt hier auf kleiner Fläche und unter kontrollierten Bedingungen in sogenannten hydroponischen Systemen, die optimierte Nährlösungen enthalten. Für die Schule können einfache hydroponische Systeme für Mais und Kresse hergestellt werden. So können modellhaft das Prinzip und die Bedeutung der vertikalen Landwirtschaft aufgezeigt sowie Experimente zum Wachstum und zum Trocken- und Salzstress bei Pflanzen durchgeführt werden.
description: BU praktisch - Das Online-Journal für den Biologieunterricht, Bd. 2 Nr. 3 (2019): Pflanzen - Tiere - Lebensräume
DeepSun: Machine-Learning-as-a-Service for Solar Flare Prediction
Creators: name: Abduallah, Yasser
name: Wang, Jason T. L.
name: Nie, Yang
name: Liu, Chang
name: Wang, Haimin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Solar flare prediction plays an important role in understanding and forecasting space weather. The main goal of the Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager (HMI), one of the instruments on NASA's Solar Dynamics Observatory, is to study the origin of solar variability and characterize the Sun's magnetic activity. HMI provides continuous full-disk observations of the solar vector magnetic field with high cadence data that lead to reliable predictive capability; yet, solar flare prediction effort utilizing these data is still limited. In this paper, we present a machine-learning-as-a-service (MLaaS) framework, called DeepSun, for predicting solar flares on the Web based on HMI's data products. Specifically, we construct training data by utilizing the physical parameters provided by the Space-weather HMI Active Region Patches (SHARP) and categorize solar flares into four classes, namely B, C, M, X, according to the X-ray flare catalogs available at the National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI). Thus, the solar flare prediction problem at hand is essentially a multi-class (i.e., four-class) classification problem. The DeepSun system employs several machine learning algorithms to tackle this multi-class prediction problem and provides an application programming interface (API) for remote programming users. To our knowledge, DeepSun is the first MLaaS tool capable of predicting solar flares through the Internet.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures
Können Pflanzen ohne Erde wachsen?
Creators: name: Hardt, Hanna
name: Heil, Ingeborg
name: Van Dongen, Joost T.
name: Bohrmann, Johannes
name: Schmidt, Romy
Publisher: name: BU praktisch - Das Online-Journal für den Biologieunterricht
Year: 2019

description: In diesem Artikel wird ein Kultivierungsexperiment mit Mais vorgestellt, bei dem einfache, selbst gebaute hydroponische Systeme zum Einsatz kommen. Es wird geprüft, ob Maiskeimlinge in einem solchen System ohne Erde ebenso wachsen können wie bei Kultivierung in Erde. Das Experiment ist quantitativ und dabei so einfach und zuverlässig hinsichtlich Durchführung und Ergebnis, dass die Kompetenzentwicklung im Bereich Erkenntnisgewinnung besonders gefördert werden kann.
description: BU praktisch - Das Online-Journal für den Biologieunterricht, Bd. 2 Nr. 3 (2019): Pflanzen - Tiere - Lebensräume
Extending the infrared radio correlation
Creators: name: Boyle, B. J.
name: Cornwell, T. J.
name: Middelberg, E.
name: Norris, R. P.
name: Appleton, P. N.
name: Smail, Ian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Co-addition of deep (rms about 30 microJy) 20 cm data obtained with the Australia Telescope Compact Array at the location of Spitzer Wide field survey (SWIRE) sources has yielded statistics of radio source counterparts to faint 24 micron sources in stacked images with rms < 1 microJy. We confirm that the infrared-radio correlation extends to f(24micron) = 100 microJy but with a significantly lower coefficient, f (20cm) = 0.039 f(24micron) (or q24 = 1.39) than hitherto reported. We postulate that this may be due to a change in the mean q24 value ratio for objects with f(24micron) < 1mJy.
description: accepted by mnras Full-resolution version is available on http://www.atnf.csiro.au/people/rnorris/papers/n210.pdf
Lattice-Shifted Nematic Quantum Critical Point in FeSe$_{1-x}$S$_x$
Creators: name: Chibani, S.
name: Farina, D.
name: Massat, P.
name: Cazayous, M.
name: Sacuto, A.
name: Urata, T.
name: Tanabe, Y.
name: Tanigaki, K.
name: Böhmer, A. E.
name: Canfield, P. C.
name: Merz, M.
name: Karlsson, S.
name: Strobel, P.
name: Toulemonde, P.
name: Paul, I.
name: Gallais, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the evolution of nematic fluctuations in FeSe$_{1-x}$S$_x$ single crystals as a function of Sulfur content $x$ across the nematic quantum critical point (QCP) $x_c\sim$ 0.17 via Raman scattering. The Raman spectra in the $B_{1g}$ nematic channel consist of two components, but only the low energy one displays clear fingerprints of critical behavior and is attributed to itinerant carriers. Curie-Weiss analysis of the associated nematic susceptibility indicates a substantial effect of nemato-elastic coupling which shifts the location of the nematic QCP. We argue that this lattice-induced shift likely explains the absence of any enhancement of the superconducting transition temperature at the QCP. The presence of two components in the nematic fluctuations spectrum is attributed to the dual aspect of electronic degrees of freedom in Hund's metals, with both itinerant carriers and local moments contributing to the nematic susceptibility.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
A New Family of Random Graphs for Testing Spatial Segregation
Creators: name: Ceyhan, E.
name: Priebe, C. E.
name: Marchette, D. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We discuss a graph-based approach for testing spatial point patterns. This approach falls under the category of data-random graphs, which have been introduced and used for statistical pattern recognition in recent years. Our goal is to test complete spatial randomness against segregation and association between two or more classes of points. To attain this goal, we use a particular type of parametrized random digraph called proximity catch digraph (PCD) which is based based on relative positions of the data points from various classes. The statistic we employ is the relative density of the PCD. When scaled properly, the relative density of the PCD is a $U$-statistic. We derive the asymptotic distribution of the relative density, using the standard central limit theory of $U$-statistics. The finite sample performance of the test statistic is evaluated by Monte Carlo simulations, and the asymptotic performance is assessed via Pitman's asymptotic efficiency, thereby yielding the optimal parameters for testing. Furthermore, the methodology discussed in this article is also valid for data in multiple dimensions.
description: 31 pages, 15 figures
"Catch of the day" : a case study of children’s perceptions of fishing
Creators: name: Parker, Ann Louise
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: "Catch of the Day" is an ethnographic case study of children's perceptions, experiences, and explorations, as well as their learning, in the informal social context of recreational fishing. The intent of the study was to observe what the children experienced and explored, analyze how they shared their experiences with the other participants, interpret their explanations and extensions, and determine their perceptions of their fishing experience. Constructivism and situated cognition provided a theoretical perspective for the study that was congruent with the naturalistic inquiry research design and methods used. Small groups of children were videotaped as they fished off a marine float and interviewed after they had reviewed their video. Observations focused specifically on the children's verbal and nonverbal behaviours as they interacted with their social and physical environment. Transcriptions provided a database for the construction of individual "Fish Tales," vignettes of the fishing experience from the child's point of view. The interpretive commentaries highlight salient details from the researcher's perspective as a participant observer on the site. Examples of the children's levels of engagement in learning are listed under Feher's (1990) categories (Experience, Explore, Explain, Extend) so that comparisons can be made among the children. The findings showed an increasing differentiation in the children's levels of engagement, from universal sensory and perceptual experiences to unique examples of abstract cognition (explanations and extensions). The children's drawings revealed misconceptions in marine ecology that would otherwise have gone unnoticed. The findings also revealed a range of children's perceptions, and these affected not only what the children learned but also how the children learned and acted at the site. Authentic science experiences such as fishing promote children's engagement in collaborative problem solving and learning in marine education and have the potential to reduce the gap between classroom learning and cognition in practice.
Cold ion beam in a storage ring as a platform for large-scale quantum computers and simulators: challenges and directions for research and development
Creators: name: Shaftan, Timur
name: Blinov, Boris B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the possibility of constructing a large-scale storage-ring-type ion-trap system capable of storing, cooling, and controlling a large number of ions as a platform for scalable quantum computing (QC) and quantum simulations (QS). In such a trap, the ions form a crystalline beam moving along a circular path with a constant velocity determined by the frequency and intensity of the cooling lasers. In this paper we consider a large leap forward in terms of the number of qubits, from fewer than 100 available in state-of-the-art linear ion-trap devices today to an order of 105 crystallized ions in the storage-ring setup. This new trap design unifies two different concepts: the storage rings of charged particles and the linear ion traps used for QC and mass spectrometry. In this paper we use the language of particle accelerators to discuss the ion state and dynamics. We outline the differences between the above concepts, analyze challenges of the large ring with a revolving beam of ions, and propose goals for the research and development required to enable future quantum computers with 1000 times more qubits than available today. The challenge of creating such a large-scale quantum system while maintaining the necessary coherence of the qubits and the high fidelity of quantum logic operations is significant. Performing analog quantum simulations may be an achievable initial goal for such a device. Quantum simulations of complex quantum systems will move forward both the fundamental science and the applied research. Nuclear and particle physics, many-body quantum systems, lattice gauge theories, and nuclear structure calculations are just a few examples in which a large-scale quantum simulation system would be a very powerful tool to move forward our understanding of nature.
Very Energetic Gamma-Rays from Microquasars and Binary Pulsars
Creators: name: Mirabel, I. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Compact astrophysical objects produce some of the highest energy light in the universe. The challenge is to determine what mechanism produces these photons.
description: Perspective article to be published in Science vol. 312 (June 23, 2006)
Comparing the drag force on heavy quarks in N=4 super-Yang-Mills theory and QCD
Creators: name: Gubser, Steven S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Computations of the drag force on a heavy quark moving through a thermal state of strongly coupled N=4 super-Yang-Mills theory have appeared recently in hep-th/0605158, hep-ph/0605199, and hep-th/0605182. I compare the strength of this effect between N=4 gauge theory and QCD, using the static force between external quarks to normalize the 't Hooft coupling. Comparing N=4 and QCD at fixed energy density then leads to a relaxation time of roughly 2 fm/c for charm quarks moving through a quark-gluon plasma at T=250 MeV. This estimate should be regarded as preliminary because of the difficulties of comparing two such different theories.
description: 16 pages, 1 figure. v2: corrected estimate of eta/s, refs added
Impact of Uncertainties in Hadron Production on Air-Shower Predictions
Creators: name: Pierog, T.
name: Engel, R.
name: Heck, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: At high energy, cosmic rays can only be studied by measuring the extensive air showers they produce in the atmosphere of the Earth. Although the main features of air showers can be understood within a simple model of successive interactions, detailed simulations and a realistic description of particle production are needed to calculate observables relevant to air shower experiments. Currently hadronic interaction models are the main source of uncertainty of such simulations. We will study the effect of using different hadronic models available in CORSIKA and CONEX on extensive air shower predictions.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures, to appear in the proceedings of International Conference on Interconnection between High Energy Physics and Astroparticle Physics: From Colliders to Cosmic Rays, Prague, Czech Republic, 7-13 Sep 2005
Certification of non-Gaussian states with operational measurements
Creators: name: Chabaud, Ulysse
name: Roeland, Ganaël
name: Walschaers, Mattia
name: Grosshans, Frédéric
name: Parigi, Valentina
name: Markham, Damian
name: Treps, Nicolas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive a theoretical framework for the experimental certification of non-Gaussian features of quantum states using double homodyne detection. We rank experimental non-Gaussian states according to the recently defined stellar hierarchy and we propose practical Wigner negativity witnesses. We simulate various use-cases ranging from fidelity estimation to witnessing Wigner negativity. Moreover, we extend results on the robustness of the stellar hierarchy of non-Gaussian states. Our results illustrate the usefulness of double homodyne detection as a practical measurement scheme for retrieving information about continuous variable quantum states.
description: 9+9 pages, comments welcome
A Unified Model of the Prompt Optical Emission of Gamma-Ray Bursts
Creators: name: Doi, Hirotsugu
name: Takami, Kentaro
name: Yamazaki, Ryo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The observational diversity of optical emission, which coincides with prompt gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), has been discovered in the recent Swift era. We show that on the assumption of the synchrotron radiation for the observed energy range below the X-ray band, the observed diversity can be explained using the internal shock model by taking into account a high-latitude emission and the spectral change due to the synchrotron self-absorption. It may even be possible in our model to include bright optical flashes found, e.g., in GRB~990123. The prediction of our model is that the spectral index in the optical band is dependent on whether the optical light curve correlates with those in the X-rays and/or gamma-rays or not, which will be tested in the near future.
description: 9 pages, 1 figure
Devout Contemplation and Sublime Fancy' of the Cambridge Platonists and Their Legacy
Creators: name: Hedley, Douglas
Publisher: name: University of Notre Dame
Year: 2024

description: This collection provides the first in-depth introduction to the theory of the religious imagination put forward by renowned philosopher Douglas Hedley, from his earliest essays to his principal writings. Featuring Hedley's inaugural lecture delivered at Cambridge University in 2018, the book sheds light on his robust concept of religious imagination as the chief power of the soul's knowledge of the Divine and reveals its importance in contemporary metaphysics, ethics and politics. Chapters trace the development of the religious imagination in Christian Platonism from Late Antiquity to British Romanticism, drawing on Origen, Henry More and Samuel Taylor Coleridge, before providing a survey of alternative contemporary versions of the concept as outlined by Karl Rahner, René Girard and William P. Alston, as well as within Indian philosophy. By bringing Christian Platonist thought into dialogue with contemporary philosophy and theology, the volume systematically reveals the relevance of Hedley's work to current debates in religious epistemology and metaphysics. It offers a comprehensive appraisal of the historical contribution of imagination to religious understanding and, as such, will be of great interest to philosophers, theologians and historians alike.
Σύνθεση και χαρακτηρισμός της δομής ενώσεων συναρμογής του ψευδαργύρου με διδραστικές αζωτούχες βάσεις και 2-υδροξυ-βενζαλδεΰδες. Μελέτη της αλληλεπίδρασης με το DNA
Creators: name: Ζιάννα, Αριάδνη Νικολάου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2012
Subjects: ψευδάργυρος
διδραστικές αζωτούχες βάσεις
2-υδροξυ-βενζαλδεΰδες
zinc
bidentate nitrogenous bases
2-hydroxy-benzaldehydes

description: Η παρούσα εργασία αναφέρεται στη σύνθεση, το χαρακτηρισμό και τη μελέτη τριών απλών ενώσεων συναρμογής του ψευδαργύρου(ΙΙ) με 5-Χ-σαλικυλαλδεΰδη (Χ = Cl, Br και NO2) με το γενικό τύπο [Zn(5-Χ-salo)2(CH3OH)2] και εννέα μικτών ενώσεων συναρμογής του ψευδαργύρου(ΙΙ) με 5-Χ-σαλικυλαλδεΰδη και διδραστικές αζωτούχες βάσεις enR, όπου enR = 2,2΄-διπυριδίνη(bipy), 1,10-φαινανθρολίνη(phen), 2,2'-διπυριδυλαμίνη(dpamH) με το γενικό τύπο [Zn(5-Χ-salo)2(enR)]. Ο χαρακτηρισμός των ενώσεων διεξήχθη με στοιχειακές αναλύσεις, μετρήσεις αγωγιμότητας και μαγνητικής επιδεκτικότητας, λήψη και μελέτη φασμάτων, όπως υπερύθρου(IR), υπεριώδους-ορατού(UV-Vis) και πυρηνικού μαγνητικού συντονισμού(1H-NMR). Επιπρόσθετα, για τις ενώσεις [Zn(5-Cl-salo)2(CH3OH)2] και [Zn(5-NO2-salo)2(CH3OH)2] πραγματοποιήθηκε θερμοαναλυτική μελέτη(TG/DTG-DTA) σε ατμόσφαιρα Ν2, ενώ για όλες τις απλές και σε δύο από τις μικτές ενώσεις έγινε κρυσταλλογραφική μελέτη, η οποία απέδειξε την οκταεδρική γεωμετρία των μελετούμενων ενώσεων του ψευδαργύρου. Η μελέτη αλληλεπίδρασης των ενώσεών μας με DNA πραγματοποίθηκε με τις φασματοσκοπικές μεθόδους (UV και Fluorescence) και με ιξωδομετρία. Προκύπτει ότι τα μελετούμενα σύμπλοκα του ψευδαργύρου έχουν την τάση να δρουν ως παρεμβολείς στη διπλή έλικα του DNA.
description: The present desseration refers to the synthesis, characterization and study of three simple zinc(II) coordination compounds of 5-X-salicylaldehyde (Χ = Cl, Br and NO2) with the general formulae [Zn(5-Χ-salo)2(CH3OH)2] and to nine mixed coordination compounds of zinc (II) with 5-X-salicylaldehydes and bidentate nitrogen bases enR (enR = 2,2΄-bipyridyl(bipy), 1,10-penanthroline(phen), 2,2'-dipyridylamine(dpamH) and under the general formulae [Zn(5-Χ-salo)2(enR)]. The characterization of the compounds was carried out by elemental analyses, conductivity, spectroscopy [infrared (IR), ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) and nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR)]. Moreover, thermal study took place in N2 atmosphaire for the compounds [Zn(5-Cl-salo)2(CH3OH)2] and [Zn(5-NO2-salo)2(CH3OH)2] while crystallographic study occurred for all simple compounds and for two of the mixed ligand compounds, which proved the octahedral geometry of the compounds. The study of the interaction with DNA was carried out by spectroscopical methods (UV and Fluorescence) and also with viscosity measurements. It is concluded that the compounds tend to act as intercalators to the DNA double helix.
Extended study of crystal structures, optical properties and vibrational spectra of polar 2-aminopyrimidinium hydrogen phosphite and bis(2-aminopyrimidinium) sulfate monohydrate and two 2-aminopyrimidinium hydrogen sulfate polymorphs
Creators: name: Matulkova, Irena
name: Bohaty, Ladislav
name: Becker, Petra
name: Cisarova, Ivana
name: Gyepes, Robert
name: Fridrichova, Michaela
name: Kroupa, Jan
name: Nemec, Petr
name: Nemec, Ivan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This study aimed primarily at completing and extending the characterization of the crystallographic, spectroscopic and optical properties of polar, biaxial, optically negative 2-aminopyrimidinium(1+) hydrogen phosphite. Besides the redetermination of the low-temperature crystal structure (space group P21), high-quality single crystals of this salt were grown from an aqueous solution, and their optical properties were studied. The determination of the refractive indices in the wavelength range of 435-1083 nm showed anomalous dispersion of the refractive indices, resulting in a point of uniaxiality. The crystal allows phase matching for collinear second harmonic generation (SHG) processes of both type I and type II in a broad wavelength range. SHG properties were studied for powdered size-fractioned samples and oriented single-crystal cuts. The optical damage threshold experiments confirmed excellent optical resistance - at least 220 TWm-2 and 70 TWm-2 for 800 and 1000 nm irradiation, respectively. The low-temperature crystallographic study was also extended for three monoclinic salts of 2-aminopyrimidine and sulfuric acid - i.e. bis(2-aminopyrimidinium(1+) sulfate monohydrate (space group P21/n) and two polymorphs of 2-aminopyrimidinium(1+) hydrogen sulfate (both with space group P21/c). The vibrational spectra of all title compounds were assigned using single-molecule quantum chemical computations (including Potential Energy Distribution analysis) in combination with the nuclear site group analysis. Spectroscopic results concerning sulfates of 2-aminopyrimidine provided valuable reference materials for the vibrational spectroscopic study and also addressed the question of their polymorphism. An optimal computational approach employing solid-state DFT calculations has also been sought to model the vibrational spectra of 2-aminopyrimidinium (1+) hydrogen phosphite crystals.
Constraining Primordial Non-Gaussianities from the WMAP2 2-1 Cumulant Correlator Power Spectrum
Creators: name: Chen, Gang
name: Szapudi, Istvan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We measure the 2-1 cumulant correlator power spectrum $C^{21}_l$, a degenerate bispectrum, from the second data release of the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP). Our high resolution measurements with SpICE span a large configuration space ($\simeq 168\times999$) corresponding to the possible cross-correlations of the maps recorded by the different differencing assemblies. We present a novel method to recover the eigenmodes of the correspondingly large Monte Carlo covariance matrix. We examine its eigenvalue spectrum and use random matrix theory to show that the off diagonal terms are dominated by noise. We minimize the $χ^2$ to obtain constraints for the non-linear coupling parameter $f_{NL} = 22 \pm 52 (1σ)$.
description: 4 pages,2 figures; typos corrected, references changed
Ultralow Threshold Polariton Condensate in a Monolayer Semiconductor Microcavity at Room Temperature
Creators: name: Zhao, Jiaxin
name: Su, Rui
name: Fieramosca, Antonio
name: Zhao, Weijie
name: Du, Wei
name: Liu, Xue
name: Diederichs, Carole
name: Sanvitto, Daniele
name: Liew, Timothy C. H.
name: Xiong, Qihua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Atomically thin transition metal dichalcogenides possess valley dependent functionalities that are usually available only at crogenic temperatures, constrained by various valley depolarization scatterings. The formation of exciton polaritons by coherently superimposing excitons and microcavity photons potentially harnesses the valley polarized polariton polariton interactions for novel valleytronics devices. Robust EPs have been demonstrated at room temperature in TMDs microcavity, however, the coherent polariton lasing and condensation remain elusive. Herein, we demonstrate for the first time the realization of EP condensation in a TMD microcavity at room temperature. The continuous wave pumped EP condensation and lasing with ultralow thresholdsis evidenced by the macroscopic occupation of the ground state, that undergoes a nonlinear increase of the emission and a continuous blueshift, a build up of spatial coherence, and a detuning-controlled threshold. Our work presents a critically important step towards exploiting nonlinear polariton polariton interactions and polaritonic devices with valley functionality at room temperature.
description: 21 pages, 5 figures
Trying men's souls: A study on what motivated eight New England soldiers to join the American Revolution
Creators: name: Sparks, Wesley Tanner
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2012
Subjects: American Revolution
American history
Soliders
Officers

description: In this comparative social history of the American Revolution, the stories of eight men are recounted through the use of their biographies, journals, and memoirs. The lives of four enlisted soldiers and four officers are depicted to gain an understanding of how they became involved in the revolution. In order to do so, their early lives are scrutinized, as well as their post-war lives as they transitioned to peacetime. The main purpose, however, is to examine how each man became motivated to join the war for independence, whether socially, economically, and/or politically. As each man had different aspirations for their expectations before and after the war, one thing is certain: the enlisted soldiers were motivated for different reasons compared
to the officers.

By examining their early lives, as well as post-war lives, one can gain a better understanding of whether their motivations came to fruition, in the end. The intention is not to disprove their patriotism or zeal for joining the war, but instead to prove there were other motivational factors that contributed to their decision. Their patriotism is undeniable, which was a crucial reason why they were able to win the war after eight long years. Even though they experienced deprivation for eight years, due to the lack of resources, the spirit of the men could not be deterred. Despite harrowing circumstances, the revolutionary soldiers were able to prevail over a superior enemy. With that, their motivations and expectations must be examined to shed light on how these men were able to win the war.
Sheaves of Structures, Heyting-Valued Structures, and a Generalization of Łoś's Theorem
Creators: name: Aratake, Hisashi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 03G30 (Primary), 03C20 (Secondary)

description: Sheaves of structures are useful to give constructions in universal algebra and model theory. We can describe their logical behavior in terms of Heyting-valued structures. In this paper, we first provide a systematic treatment of sheaves of structures and Heyting-valued structures from the viewpoint of categorical logic. We then prove a form of Łoś's theorem for Heyting-valued structures. We also give a characterization of Heyting-valued structures for which Łoś's theorem holds with respect to any maximal filter.
description: 34 pages
Gamma-ray burst afterglows
Creators: name: Zhang, Bing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Extended, fading emissions in multi-wavelength are observed following Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). Recent broad-band observational campaigns led by the Swift Observatory reveal rich features of these GRB afterglows. Here we review the latest observational progress and discuss the theoretical implications for understanding the central engine, composition, and geometric configuration of GRB jets, as well as their interactions with the ambient medium.
description: References added, accepted for publication in Advances in Space Research
The New Compact 341 Model: Higgs Decay Modes
Creators: name: Mebarki, N.
name: Djouala, M.
name: Mimouni, J.
name: Aissaoui, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: New developments in the anomaly free compact 341 model are discussed and the higgs bosons decay modes are studied taking into account the contributions of new fermions, gauge bosons and scalar bosons predicted by the model. It is shown from signal strengths and the branching ratios of the various decay modes analysis and the LHC constraints that there is a room for this extended BSM model and it is viable.
description: Conference:1st Sharjah International Conference on Particle Physics, Astrophysics and Cosmology 11-13 November 2018, University of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
The clustering of critical points in the evolving cosmic web
Creators: name: Shim, Junsup
name: Codis, Sandrine
name: Pichon, Christophe
name: Pogosyan, Dmitri
name: Cadiou, Corentin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Focusing on both small separations and Baryonic Acoustic Oscillation scales, the cosmic evolution of the clustering properties of peak, void, wall, and filament-type critical points is measured using two-point correlation functions in $Λ$CDM dark matter simulations as a function of their relative rarity. A qualitative comparison to the corresponding theory for Gaussian Random fields allows us to understand the following observed features: i) the appearance of an exclusion zone at small separation, whose size depends both on rarity and on the signature (\ie the number of negative eigenvalues) of the critical points involved; ii) the amplification of the Baryonic Acoustic Oscillation bump with rarity and its reversal for cross-correlations involving negatively biased critical points; iii) the orientation-dependent small-separation divergence of the cross-correlations of peaks and filaments (voids and walls) which reflects the relative loci of such points in the filament's (wall's) eigenframe. The most significant features of the correlations are tabulated. The (cross-) correlations involving the most non-linear critical points (peaks, voids) display significant variation with redshift, while those involving less non-linear critical points seem mostly insensitive to redshift evolution, which should prove advantageous to model. The relative distances to the maxima of the peak-to-wall and peak-to-void over that of the peak-to-filament cross-correlation are in ratios of $\sim\sqrt{2}$ and $\sim\sqrt{3}$, respectively which could be interpreted as an indication of the cosmic crystal being on average close to a cubic lattice. The insensitivity to redshift evolution suggests that the absolute and relative clustering of critical points could become a topologically robust alternative to standard clustering techniques when analyzing upcoming large scale surveys such as Euclid or LSST.
description: 19 pages, 11 figures, 6 tables, submitted to MNRAS
De/composing constellations: reflections on the development of a collaborative multimedia ethnographic research tool
Creators: name: Halff, Lawrence Albert
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Constellations 2.5 is a collaborative multimedia research tool. It allows a community of researchers to catalog video footage, images, audio footage, text, and World Wide Web references in a shared database, where each piece of data is represented as a "star." All of the users in the database can annotate and analyze this common set of stars by grouping related stars into collections called "constellations," and tagging stars and constellations with key words. Each key word is associated with a numerical rating which describes the relationship between the tag and the piece of data. This paper presents a detailed description and analysis of Constellations from the point of view of one of its principal designers and programmers. In it, I describe the theories which have influenced its development of Constellations, the history of the design and programming, and the features and workings of the program. I also present a critical analysis of the program and discuss possibilities for its further development. The descriptions, historical accounts, and analyses presented in this paper are meant to contribute to and encourage reflection on the ways in which emerging information technologies are influencing and reforming both the processes by which we generate information and the kinds of information we generate.
Antimicrobial resistance prediction from whole-genome sequence data using transfer learning
Creators: name: Kopas, Logan
name: Kusalik, Anthony
name: Schneider, Dave
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2019

description: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is an important global health concern. Being able to predict AMR from genetic information would allow for more effective treatment of infections and reduce AMR accumulation in bacterial populations. Deep neural networks are a promising technique for AMR prediction; however, the curse of dimensionality and lack of large datasets makes training deep neural networks and achieving accurate results difficult. We show that transfer learning can be utilized to improve the effectiveness of deep neural networks for AMR prediction in Neisseria gonorrhoaea. In the best case, a neural network first trained to predict azithromycin resistance and then retrained to predict cefixime resistance was approximately 12 times more accurate and took one-quarter of the time to train than a similar neural network trained only to predict cefixime resistance. We also show that transfer learning can be used to improve the effectiveness of neural networks when very little training data is available. This work reduces the barrier to entry for deep learning based phenotype prediction studies because large datasets aren't required for neural network training; instead, an existing network can be downloaded to seed neural networks and make more effective use of available data. Finally, we show that this technique is not only effective for bacteria, but can be used for plant datasets as well.