cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Spectrum and Dips of RE 0751+14: A joint evaluation of ROSAT and ASCA Archival Data
Creators: name: Kiziloglu, U.
name: Baykal, A.
name: Alev, M.
name: Gogus, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using archival ASCA and ROSAT observations of RE 0751+14, X-ray energy spectra, pulse profiles and the results of pulse timing analysis are presented. The energy spectra are well-fitted by a blackbody model at low energy and a Raymond-Smith model at high energy, together with a partial covering absorber. A fluorescence emission line at 6.4 keV with an equivalent width $\sim 220 $ eV was resolved for the first time.
description: To appear on Astrophysics and Space Science, vol 259, pages 191-203, January 1999
Efficient side-coupling to photonic crystal nanobeam cavities via state-space overlap
Creators: name: Afzal, Francis O.
name: Halimi, Sami I.
name: Weiss, Sharon M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present design guidelines for realizing side-coupled photonic crystal nanobeam (PCN) cavities with efficient coupling to low order resonances through adjusting the overlap of the PCN cavity mode and a feeding bus waveguide in both physical and k-space. We show that optimal side-coupled configurations function at a non-zero k-vector offset between the bus waveguide and PCN cavity modes. The straightforward design of side-coupled PCNs with high contrast resonances opens the door to their practical implementation in multiplexed, on-chip photonic devices.
description: 17 pages, 6 figures
Significance of interphase boundaries on activation of high-entropy alloys for room-temperature hydrogen storage
Creators: name: Dangwal, Shivam
name: Edalati, Kaveh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ability of high-entropy alloys (HEAs) for hydrogen storage is a rather new topic in the hydrogen community. HEAs with the C14 Laves phase have shown a high potential to reversibly store hydrogen at room temperature, but most of these alloys require a high-temperature activation treatment. This study explores the role of interphase boundaries on the easy activation of HEAs at room temperature. Two chemically similar HEAs with single and dual phases, TiV1.5ZrCr0.5MnFeNi (C14 + 4 vol% BCC phases) and TiV1.5Zr1.5CrMnFeNi (single C14 phase), are designed and synthesized. While the dual-phase alloy readily absorbs hydrogen at room temperature without any activation treatment, the single-phase alloy requires a high-temperature activation. It is suggested that interphase boundaries not only provide pathways for easy hydrogen transport and activation of HEAs at room temperature but also act as active sites for heterogeneous nucleation of hydride. This study introduces interphase-boundary generation as an effective strategy to address the activation drawback of HEAs.
Columba tabellaria Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Columbiformes
Columbidae
Columba
Columba tabellaria

description: Columba tabellaria [spec. nov.]
C. cera lata verrucosa, palpebris nudis.
Columba eqvestris. Alb. av. 2. p. 30. t. 45.
Columba tabellaria. Raj. av. 60.
Habitat ...
Longissime licet deportata festinanter domum redit, hinc olim literas affigerunt per coelum eunti nuncio.
Utrum antecedentes omnes species verae distinctae sint, docebit aliquando Anatomia.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 163, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
title: Berichterstattung über Instagram
title: Ergebnisse einer Framing-Analyse der SZ und der FAZ von 2010 bis 2019
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Sanchez Florenin, Guadalupe
Publisher: name: University of Salzburg
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: FOS: Media and communications
valueUri: http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf

description: Wie Journalist*innen über neue Onlineangebote und deren Chancen und Risiken berichten und welche Interpretationsrahmen sie für Innovationen anbieten, ist immer wieder Teil wissenschaftlicher Analysen. Hintergrund ist die öffentliche Aufgabe von Journalismus, aktuelle gesellschaftsrelevante Themen auszuwählen, aufzuarbeiten und der Öffentlichkeit aus diversen Blickwinkeln betrachtet bereitzustellen. Daran knüpft die vorliegende Studie an. Die Social-Media-Plattform Instagram wird massenhaft und extensiv von Jüngeren genutzt. Für Menschen, die die sozialen Medien aus eigener Erfahrung nicht kennen, ist das Bild, das Journalist*innen in Medien zeichnen, allerdings oft die einzige Möglichkeit, sich davon einen Eindruck zu verschaffen und eine Meinung darüber zu bilden. Das macht das Framing der Berichterstattung etablierter Tageszeitungen, zu deren Leserschaft viele ältere Menschen gehören, die generell nicht über soziale Medien und insbesondere nicht über Instagram kommunizieren, besonders relevant. Unter Rückgriff auf den Framing-Ansatz wurde mittels qualitativer Inhaltsanalyse exploriert, in welcher Intensität, Form und mit welcher Deutung zwei überregionale deutsche Tageszeitungen über Instagram seit seiner Gründung 2010 bis einschließlich 2019 berichteten. Die Befunde der Inhaltsanalyse zeigen unter anderem, dass die Berichterstattung über die Social-Media-Plattform weder eindeutig negativ noch positiv war. Die Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung (FAZ) berichtete häufig über technische Neuerungen und stellte Instagram eher in einem wirtschaftlichen Deutungsrahmen dar. Das Chancen/Potenziale-Frame fand sich in der FAZ kaum. In der Süddeutschen Zeitung (SZ) wurde Instagram hingegen oft mittels Human-Interest-Frame gerahmt und auf die Vorzüge der App hingewiesen. Übereinstimmend wurden in beiden Zeitungen sowie im Zeitverlauf tendenziell ansteigend potenzielle negative Auswirkungen der Social-Media-Nutzung thematisiert.
Deep optical imaging of the field of PC1643+4631A&B, I: Spatial distributions and the counts of faint galaxies
Creators: name: Haynes, Toby
name: Cotter, Garret
name: Baker, Joanne C.
name: Eales, Steve
name: Jones, Michael E.
name: Rawlings, Steve
name: Saunders, Richard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present deep optical images of the PC1643+4631 field obtained at the WHT. This field contains two quasars at redshifts z=3.79 & 3.83 and a cosmic microwave background (CMB) decrement detected with the Ryle Telescope. The images are in U,G,V,R and I filters, and are complete to 25th magnitude in R and G and to 25.5 in U. The isophotal galaxy counts are consistent with the results of Metcalde et al. (1996), Hogg et al. (1997), and others. We find an excess of robust high-redshift Ly-break galaxy candidates with 25.0
description: 17 pages, 40 figures, submitted to MNRAS, 1 large figure avaliable at ftp://ftp.mrao.cam.ac.uk:/pub/PC1643/paper1.figure18.ps
$G_2$-manifolds and the ADM formalism
Creators: name: Chihara, Ryohei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 53C25 (Primary), 53C26 (Secondary)

description: In this paper we study a Hamiltonian function on the cotangent bundle of the space of Riemannian metrics on a 3-manifold $M$ and prove the orbits of the constrained Hamiltonian dynamical system correspond to $G_2$-manifolds foliated by hypersurfaces diffeomorphic to $M\times \mathrm{SO}(3)$.
description: 14 pages; published version
A new direct method for measuring the Hubble constant from reverberating accretion discs in active galaxies
Creators: name: Collier, Stefan
name: Horne, Kieth
name: Wanders, Ignaz
name: Peterson, Bradley M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show how wavelength-dependent time delays between continuum flux variations of AGN can be used to test the standard black hole-accretion disc paradigm, by measuring the temperature structure $T(R)$ of the gaseous material surrounding the purported black hole. Reprocessing of high energy radiation in a steady-state blackbody accretion disc with $T \propto R^{-3/4}$ incurs a wavelength-dependent light travel time delay $τ\propto λ^{4/3}$. The International AGN Watch multiwavelength monitoring campaign on NGC 7469 showed optical continuum variations lagging behind those in the UV by about 1 day at 4800Åand about 2 days at 7500Å. These UV/optical continuum lags imply a radial temperature structure $T \propto R^{-3/4}$, consistent with the classical accretion disc model, and hence strongly supports the existence of a disc in this system. We assume that the observed time delays are indeed due to a classical accretion-disc structure, and derive a redshift independent luminosity distance to NGC 7469. The luminosity distance allows us to estimate a Hubble constant of $H_{0} (\cos i / 0.7)^{1/2} = 42\pm9 \Hubble$. The interpretation of the observed time delays and spectral energy distribution in the context of an accretion disc structure requires further validation. At the same time, efforts to minimize the systematic uncertainties in our method to derive a more accurate measurement of $H_{0}$, e.g by obtaining an independent accurate determination of the disc inclination $i$ or statistical average of a moderate sample of active galaxies, are required. However, this remains a promising new method of determining redshift-independent distances to AGNs.
description: 5 pages
title: ADCO, Cartulaire de Cîteaux pour les possessions de Saulon-la-Chapelle et Saulon-la-Rue, Fénay, Noiron et la rivière Cent-fonds (XVe siècle), Cart. 179 (11 H 1075), 70 folios, f. 0147
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CG21/F.PETOT/2015
name: Petot, Frédéric
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge
subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris
subject: cartulaire

description: Cartulaire de Cîteaux pour les possessions de Saulon-la-Chapelle et Saulon-la-Rue, Fénay, Noiron et la rivière Cent-fonds (XVe siècle), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 179 (11 H 1075), 70 folios, f. 0147, Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Cartulaire de Cîteaux pour les possessions de Saulon-la-Chapelle et Saulon-la-Rue, Fénay, Noiron et la rivière Cent-fonds (XVe siècle), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 179 (11 H 1075), 70 folios, f. 0147, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https:// manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: https://www.geonames.org/3024876
description: Provenance: http://www.idref.fr/030974844/id
description: Provenance: https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12228351v
description: Provenance: abbaye de Cîteaux
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843261
Deep optical imaging of the field of PC1643+4631A&B, II: Estimating the colours and redshifts of faint galaxies
Creators: name: Cotter, Garret
name: Haynes, Toby
name: Baker, Joanne C.
name: Jones, Michael E.
name: Saunders, Richard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In an investigation of the cause of the cosmic microwave background decrement in the field of the z = 3.8 quasar pair PC1643+4631, we have carried out a study to photometrically estimate the redshifts of galaxies in deep multi-colour optical images of the field taken with the WHT. To examine the possibility that a massive cluster of galaxies lies in the field, we have attempted to recover simulated galaxies with intrinsic colours matching those of the model galaxies used in the photometric redshift estimation. We find that when such model galaxies are added to our images, there is considerable scatter of the recovered galaxy redshifts away from the model value; this scatter is larger than that expected from photometric errors and is the result of confusion, simply due to ground-based seeing, between objects in the field. We have also compared the likely efficiency of the photometric redshift technique against the colour criteria used to select z>3 galaxies via the strong colour signature of the Lyman-limit break. We find that these techniques may significantly underestimate the true surface density of z>3, due to confusion between the high-redshift galaxies and other objects near the line of sight. We argue that the actual surface density of z=3 galaxies may be as much as 6 times greater than that estimated by previous ground-based studies, and note that this conclusion is consistent with the surface density of high-redshift objects found in the HDF. Finally, we conclude that all ground-based deep field surveys are inevitably affected by confusion, and note that reducing the effective seeing in ground-based images will be of paramount importance in observing the distant universe.
description: 18 pages, 60 figures, submitted to MNRAS, 2 large figure avaliable at ftp://ftp.mrao.cam.ac.uk:/pub/PC1643/paper2.figure50.eps and ftp://ftp.mrao.cam.ac.uk:/pub/PC1643/paper2.figure51.eps
An investigation into trauma related amputations from recent military operations regarding the formation of heterotopic ossification
Creators: name: Edwards, Dafydd Sion
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2017

description: The conflict in Afghanistan was defined by the use of the Improvised Explosive Device (IED) by the insurgent forces. The use of the IED and increased survivorship of casualties with extensive wounds has created a large cohort of multiple amputees. This has resulted in the identification of conditions not previously seen in common medical practise such as Heterotopic Ossification (HO). HO is the formation of bone at sites other than the skeletal system and causes difficulty to the patient during rehabilitation through pain, pressure sores and infections thereby necessitating surgery to excise the problematic lesion, further delaying recovery. This thesis will examine HO in the context of the British Military experience. After the withdrawal of British troops from Afghanistan in 2015, it was possible to calculate the entire amputee cohort and the HO burden to the British Armed forces. This was in order to identify risk factors for the formation of HO and calculate the clinical consequence and workload in managing these patients developing HO. A systematic review identified that through the bio-imaging of HO, and analysis of the morphological appearance and the matrix components, the pathophysiology surrounding its formation can be assessed. The formation of HO is likely to be systemically driven by the large injury burden as measured by a significantly higher injury severity. Local factors, such as zone of injury and subsequent amputation, direct us to the location in which HO will form. Furthermore HO is bone; it has a lamella structure with a central haversian canal; lacunae exist within the matrix which itself consists of a distinct mineral phase. Evidence of bone turnover exists; however, this does not result in the formation of an organised ultra-structure. HO has lost the ability to re-model or the mechanical environment during its formation does not allow such organisation.
Additional file 1: of Exome-wide analysis of bi-allelic alterations identifies a Lynch phenotype in The Cancer Genome Atlas
Creators: name: Buckley, Alexandra
name: Ideker, Trey
name: Carter, Hannah
name: Harismendy, Olivier
name: Schork, Nicholas
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer

description: Figure S1. Calling somatic methylation status. Figure S2. Example LOH events. Figure S3. Genes frequently affected by germline:somatic alteration. Figure S4. Association between germline LOF burden and cancer type. Figure S5. Both germline and somatic LOF mutations can alter the same position. Figure S6. Mutational signature analysis of germline:somatic MMR alteration carriers. Figure S7. Mon-allelic germline variation in MMR pathway not associated with somatic MSI. Figure S8. Association testing between germline, somatic, and epigenetic alteration and somatic MSI burden. Figure S9. SHPRH methylation in uterine cancer. Figure S10. SHPRH expression in normal tissues. Figure S11. Mutational signature analysis of MLH1 and SHPRH methylated samples. Figure S12. Co-occurrence testing for SHPRH methylation. Figure S13. Mutational signature analysis of BRCA1/2 germline variant carriers. Figure S14. Mutational signature analysis of mono- and bi-allelic alteration of DDR pathways. Figure S15. Association between damaging germline variants and age of diagnosis. Table S6. Association between age of diagnosis and MMR pathway alteration. Table S7. ClinVar annotations for germline variants pathogenic for Lynch syndrome. Table S8. ClinVar annotations for germline variants of unknown significance. Table S9. Modeling a gene-level germline:somatic interaction for L-MMR genes. Table S10. Association between type of germline:somatic mutation and somatic MSI burden. Table S11. Association between germline:somatic mutation types and age of diagnosis. Table S12. Association between mono-allelic germline MMR variants and somatic MSI burden. Table S13. MSI linear model results using unfiltered somatic mutations and with germline:somatic MMR alteration carriers included. Table S14. Modeling somatic MSI burden using MMR perturbations highly correlated with SHPRH methylation. Table S15. Modeling somatic MSI burden using SHPRH expression. Table S17. Association between MMR, BRCA1/2, SDHB/RET, and TP53 germline variant carrier status and age of diagnosis. Table S18. Association between predisposition gene germline variant carrier status and age of diagnosis. (PDF 2401Â kb)
Breaks in the Hall-Petch Relationship after Severe Plastic Deformation of Magnesium, Aluminum, Copper, and Iron
Creators: name: Dangwal, Shivam
name: Edalati, Kaveh
name: Valiev, Ruslan Z.
name: Langdon, Terence G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Strengthening by grain refinement via the Hall-Petch mechanism and softening by nanograin formation via the inverse Hall-Petch mechanism have been the subject of argument for decades, particularly for ultrafine-grained materials. In this study, the Hall-Petch relationship is examined for ultrafine-grained magnesium, aluminum, copper, and iron produced by severe plastic deformation in the literature. Magnesium, aluminum, copper, and their alloys follow the Hall-Petch relationship with a low slope, but an up-break appears when the grain sizes are reduced below 500-1000 nm. This extra strengthening, which is mainly due to the enhanced contribution of dislocations, is followed by a down-break for grain sizes smaller than 70-150 nm due to the diminution of the dislocation contribution and an enhancement of thermally-activated phenomena. For pure iron with a lower dislocation mobility, the Hall-Petch breaks are not evident, but the strength at the nanometer grain size range is lower than the expected Hall-Petch trend in the submicrometer range. The strength of nanograined iron can be increased to the expected trend by stabilizing grain boundaries via impurity atoms. Detailed analyses of the data confirm that grain refinement to the nanometer level is not necessarily a solution to achieve extra strengthening, but other strategies such as microstructural stabilization by segregation or precipitation are required.
Lettre de Antoine Gouan à Jean-François Séguier, 1769-02-14
Creators: name: Gouan, Antoine
name: Gouan, Antoine
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2022
Subjects: Botanique

description: [fol. 135] J’ai fini et envoyé depuis 2 mois, mon cher ami, tous mes manuscrits à M. Spielmann qui veut bien se charger de diriger l’impression.
Haller m’envoya il y a deux mois son ouvrage avec plusieurs plantes sèches et c’est moi qui vous envoyai un paquet qui vous étais destiné et qu’il y avait inclus… AlLione m’a envoyé ce jours-ci un petit paquet de plantes et y a enfermé un petit fascicule que je vous enverrai avec le Musaeum Gronovianum dont je n’ai plus besoin et pour lequel je vous fais mes sincères remerciements. Quant au Flora Siberica de Gmelin je ne pourrai vous le renvoyer qu’au printemps à moins que vous n’en ayez besoin.
On vient de m’apporter le Musaeum Regina, forma Atlantica, ouvrage fastueux avec plusieurs autres ouvrages.
Vous aurez aussi avant le printemps les graines que je pourrai vous choisir tout comme des graines et des thèses pour Ludwig que je tacherai de vous faire passer avant la fin de mois courant, mais pourquoi Ludwig ne m’envoie-t-il pas des plantes et des graines ?
Lorsque j’aurai reçu les laves que l’évêque d’Agde vous envoie, je vous les ferai passer. Continuez-moi votre amitié. Je suis pour la vie tout à vous et votre bon ami.
 Gouan

Montpellier 14 février 1769.

Cité:
Musaeum Reginae Louisae Ulricae, Stockholm, 1764
description: Source: [établissement de conservation] Nîmes, Bibliothèque Carré d'Art [cote] ms. 144, fol. 135
General Modified Gravity With 21cm Intensity Mapping: Simulations and Forecast
Creators: name: Heneka, C.
name: Amendola, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Line intensity mapping opens up a new and exciting window for probing cosmology and fundamental physics during the Epoch of Reionisation, extending to redshifts previously untested by galaxy surveys. The power spectra of these line fluctuations are a promising tool to test gravity over a large range of scales and redshifts. We simulate cosmological volumes of 21cm fluctuations in general parametrisations of modified gravity, in order to calculate the corresponding power spectra, where additional parameters are the initial condition of matter perturbations $α$ and the scale-dependent modified gravity parameter $Y$ (also known as $G_\mathrm{eff}$) that measures deviations from GR in the Poisson equation. We show the impact of these model-independent modifications of gravity, to either delay or expedite reionisation. For the 21cm intensity mapping survey to be performed by the SKA mission, we forecast the ability of line intensity mapping to constrain the parameters $Y$ and $α$ at redshifts $z=6-11$, where $Y$ is assumed constant during this epoch (but without requiring constancy at all times). In our most conservative scenario, the $Y$ parameter can be constrained at the tens of percent level, while for improved modelling of foregrounds as well as of the (mildly) non-linear regime, up to sub-percent level constraints are attainable. We show the impact of jointly estimating reionisation model parameters and corresponding parameter correlations, as well as of foreground removal. We note, that tomography is crucial to break degeneracies and for constraints not to degrade significantly when adding reionisation model parameters, with most constraining power coming from the redshift bins $z=7-10$ where the shape of the 21cm power spectrum is evolving fastest.
description: 17 pages, 6 figures, 2 tables. Accepted for publication in JCAP. Results unchanged, see table 2 for parameter constraints. v2 adds discussion of growth rate evolution in appendix B. v3 corrects typo in equation 2.6
Fluid flow and drag in polydisperse granular materials subject to laminar seepage flow
Creators: name: Knight, Christopher
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2018

description: Flows involving polydisperse granular media are widespread in nature and industry. Knowledge of the momentum coupling between the fluid and solid phases comes mostly from empirical and numerical correlations based on studies involving monodisperse materials and treatment of polydispersity has had little attention. Accurate predictions of the flow induced forces acting on grains are required to understand problems of relevance to geotechnical engineering involving sand particle migration such as seepage induced instabilities and filtration processes. The Discrete Element Method (DEM) is widely used in the geomechanics community to study particle scale behaviour of sands and soils, and is often combined with Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) to simulate saturated materials. The popular coarse grid DEM-CFD approach, in which fluid cells contain multiple particles, relies on empirical drag force relations to predict the interaction between phases based on the flow Reynolds number and the fluid cell porosity. Highly resolved simulations of interstitial fluid flow at low Reynolds numbers in dense polydisperse sphere packings were conducted using the Immersed Boundary Method (IBM). Fluidparticle interaction forces from IBM simulations were used to investigate the role of grain size polydispersity on drag and to critically assess the suitability of popular drag correlations for use in geomechanics research. Polydispersity was systematically controlled by considering linearly graded particle size distributions (PSDs) with uniformity coefficients between Cu = 1.01 – 2.50, and bimodal PSDs with diameter ratios 2 and 4. Flow fields obtained from the IBM were used to validate Stokes flow simulations with a Pore Network Model (PNM) and to investigate the role of constrictions in pore scale head loss. The Ergun and Di Felice correlations are shown to not adequately predict the particle drag forces in polydisperse systems. The polydispersity correction of van der Hoef et al. is shown to predict the meso-scale drag adequately but fail to capture the correct partitioning of the drag between different sized particles. An approach to correcting the predictions of monodisperse drag models using local porosities for each particle calculated from the radical Voronoi tessellation is shown to provide good predictions at the particle and meso scales. The PNM studied is shown to accurately predict flow paths through porous media and provide accurate predictions of fluidparticle interaction forces using the method of Chareyre et al.
Columba montana Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Columbiformes
Columbidae
Columba
Columba montana

description: Columba montana [spec. nov.]
C. obscure rufa, subtus flava, orbita oculorum nuda sanguinea.
Columba minor fulva. Edw. av. 119. t. 119. Sloan. jam. 2. p. 304. t. 261. f. 1.
Perdix montana. Raj. av. 183.
Habitat in Jamaica.
Macula alba sub oculis, gula & ad axillas.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 163, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Diffraction-limited Speckle-Masking Interferometry of the Red Supergiant VY CMa
Creators: name: Wittkowski, M.
name: Langer, N.
name: Weigelt, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first diffraction-limited images of the mass-loss envelope of the red supergiant star VY CMa. The two-dimensional optical and NIR images were reconstructed from 3.6 m telescope speckle data using bispectrum speckle interferometry. At the wavelengths ~0.8 \mum (RG 780 filter), 1.28 \mum, and 2.17 \mum the diffraction-limited resolutions of 46 mas, 73 mas, and 124 mas were achieved. All images clearly show that the circumstellar envelope of VY CMa is non-spherical. The RG 780, 1.28 \mum, and 2.17 mum FWHM Gauss fit diameters are 67 mas * 83 mas, 80 mas * 116 mas and 138 mas * 205 mas, respectively, or 100 AU * 125 AU, 120 AU * 174 AU and 207 AU * 308 AU (for a distance of 1500 pc). We discuss several interpretations for the asymmetric morphology. Combining recent results about the angular momentum evolution of red supergiants and their pulsational properties, we suggest that VY CMa is an immediate progenitor of IRC +10420, a post red supergiant during its transformation into a Wolf-Rayet star.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures Astronomy and Astrophysics
Additional file 2: of Acceptability to patients, carers and clinicians of an mHealth platform for the management of Parkinsonâ s disease (PD_Manager): study protocol for a pilot randomised controlled trial
Creators: name: Antonini, Angelo
name: Gentile, Giovanni
name: Giglio, Manuela
name: Marcante, Andrea
name: Gage, Heather
name: Morro Touray
name: Fotiadis, Dimitrios
name: Gatsios, Dimitris
name: Konitsiotis, Spyridon
name: Timotijevic, Lada
name: Egan, Bernadette
name: Charo Hodgkins
name: Biundo, Roberta
name: Pellicano, Clelia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Patient, carer and clinician information sheets and consent forms. (DOCX 316 kb)
Time domain optical coherence tomography for compound action potential recording: computational analysis and system requirements
Creators: name: Troiani, Francesca
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2018

description: In the quest to understand the nervous system, electrophysiology has always been the golden standard for neural recordings. The signal observed with an electrode in close proximity of the studied tissue has an extremely high temporal and spatial resolution, and it has allowed scientists to improve our understanding of neurons. Different techniques – varying in invasiveness level – have been developed to record neural activity. To this day, however, the only accepted recording technique with regards to the peripheral nervous system is the use of implantable electrodes, e. g. cuff electrodes. The birth and quick expansion of a new discipline, Neurophotonics, has started pushing neural recording towards a new direction. By exploiting the correlation between the electrical and optical activity of neurons, this project studies the feasibility of measuring peripheral nerve activity using light and, more speciﬁcally, using time domain optical coherence tomography. We hereby present a systematic overview of the optical techniques for neural recording proposed and tested so far, followed by a theoretical study of the forward scattering changes happening during neural activity. We have created this study to understand the order of magnitude of the expected change in refractive index (∼ one part per million of the original signal) and backscattering. We then describe the computational framework developed during this PhD project and how we used it, together with the results obtained from the theoretical model, to simulate the optical coherence tomography (OCT) signal of both functional A and structural B-scans of part of a Xenopus Laevis’s sciatic nerve. Through the computational work, we have deﬁned the theoretical minimum characteristics for an experimental setup, ﬁnally leading to a ﬁrst prototype of the system. We envision that such a setup could be further developed into a minimally invasive, low cost miniaturised OCT device to detect nerve activity without damaging the ﬁbres.
Time delay for the gravitational lens system B0218+357
Creators: name: Biggs, A. D.
name: Browne, I. W. A.
name: Helbig, P.
name: Koopmans, L. V. E.
name: Wilkinson, P. N.
name: Perley, R. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Measurement of the time delay between multiple images of a gravitational lens system is potentially an accurate method of determining the Hubble constant over cosmological distances. One of the most promising candidates for an application of this technique is the system B0218+357 which was found in the Jodrell Bank/VLA Astrometric Survey (JVAS). This system consists of two images of a compact radio source, separated by 335 milliarcsec, and an Einstein ring which can provide a strong constraint on the mass distribution in the lens. We present here the results of a three-month VLA monitoring campaign at two frequencies. The data are of high quality and both images show clear variations in total flux density, percentage polarization and polarization position angle at both frequencies. The time delay between the variations in the two images has been calculated using a chi-squared minimization to be 10.5+/-0.4 days at 95 per cent confidence, with the error being derived from Monte-Carlo simulations of the light curves. Although mass modelling of the system is at a preliminary stage, taking the lensing galaxy to be a singular isothermal ellipsoid and using the new value for the time delay gives a value for the Hubble constant of 69+13/-19 km/s/Mpc, again at 95 per cent confidence.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS. 12 pages, 10 included PostScript figures. Data can be obtained from http://multivac.jb.man.ac.uk:8000/ceres/data_from_papers/0218.html
Columba asiatica Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Columbiformes
Columbidae
Columba
Columba asiatica

description: Columba asiatica [spec. nov.]
C. rectricibus cinereis apice albis: intermediis fuscis, orbita oculorum nuda caerulea.
Turtur indicus fuscus. Edw. av. 76. t. 76.
Columba subfusca media, iride crocea, palpebris imprimis caeruleis. Brown. jam. 468.
Habitat in Indiis.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 163, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
CDRterra: Forschungsprogramm zu landbasierten Methoden der Kohlendioxidentnahme
Creators: name: CDRterra
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: CDRterra

description: Der Klimawandel lässt sich nur eindämmen, wenn die Menschheit ihren Treibhausgasausstoß drastisch reduziert. Emissionseinsparungen haben oberste Priorität. Sie werden jedoch nicht ausreichen, um die globale Erwärmung auf deutlich unter 2, möglichst auf 1,5 Grad Celsius, zu begrenzen. Will die Welt das Pariser Klimaziel erreichen, braucht es mehr.Benötigt werden Verfahren, mit denen der Atmosphäre dauerhaft Kohlendioxid (CO2) entzogen werden kann. Entsprechende Ansätze gibt es viele, aber welche dieser Methoden können in welchem Umfang Optionen für Deutschland sein? Im Forschungsprogramm CDRterra untersuchen über 100 Forschende in zehn Verbundprojekten, wie und in welchem Umfang Methoden zur Kohlendioxidentnahme aus der Atmosphäre an Land (Carbon Dioxide Removal, CDR) dazu beitragen können, den Klimawandel zu begrenzen. Dabei berücksichtigen sie politische, ökologische, technische, ökonomische und gesellschaftliche Fragen. Das Ziel der Forschenden ist, die Potenziale und Risiken der verschiedenen Verfahren umfassend und einheitlich zu bewerten. Auf Basis dieser Forschung können anschließend gemeinsam mit Politik, Wirtschaft und Öffentlichkeit jene CDR-Methoden ausgewählt werden, die von der Gesellschaft akzeptiert werden, politisch und technisch umsetzbar sind und von Fachleuten als ökologisch und  wirtschaftlich sinnvoll eingestuft wurden. Wie vielschichtig eine solche Bewertung sein muss, wird schon anhand eines augenscheinlichen Nebeneffekts von landbasiertem CDR klar: Gerade in dicht besiedelten Nationen wie Deutschland sind Landflächen rar und die Konkurrenz um verfügbare Gebiete groß. Auf welchen Flächen könnenCDR-Verfahren zum Einsatz kommen, ohne die Nahrungsmittelproduktion zu gefährden oder aber wilden Tieren und Pflanzen weiteren Lebensraum zu nehmen? Wie können also Zielkonflikte vermieden und vielleicht sogar positive Nebeneffekte gefördert werden?
Columba guinea Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Columbiformes
Columbidae
Columba
Columba guinea

description: Columba guinea [spec. nov.]
C. rectricibus cinereis apice nigris, orbita oculorum nuda rubra.
Columba manculis triquetris. Edw. av. 75. t. 75.
Habitat in Africa.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 163, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Prospects for Measuring Differential Rotation in White Dwarfs Through Asteroseismology
Creators: name: Kawaler, Steven D.
name: Sekii, Takashi
name: Gough, Douglas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the potential of asteroseismology for exploring the internal rotation of white dwarf stars. Data from global observing campaigns have revealed a wealth of frequencies, some of which show the signature of rotational splitting. Tools developed for helioseismology to use many solar p-mode frequencies for inversion of the rotation rate with depth are adapted to the case of more limited numbers of modes of low degree. We find that the small number of available modes in white dwarfs, coupled with the similarity between the rotational-splitting kernels of the modes, renders direct inversion unstable. Accordingly, we adopt what we consider to be plausible functional forms for the differential rotation profile; this is sufficiently restrictive to enable us to carry out a useful calibration. We show examples of this technique for PG 1159 stars and pulsating DB white dwarfs. Published frequency splittings for white dwarfs are currently not accurate enough for meaningful inversions; reanalysis of existing data can provide splittings of sufficient accuracy when the frequencies of individual peaks are extracted via least-squares fitting or multipeak decompositions. We find that when mode trapping is evident in the period spacing of g modes, the measured splittings can constrain dOmega/dr.
description: 26 pages, 20 postscript figures. Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal
Modelling the vertical mixing associated with bathymetry and internal waves in modern and ancient coastal oceans
Creators: name: Bentley, Olivia Louise
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2017

description: Interactions of tidally-induced flows with complex bathymetry often result in vertical mixing and locally enhanced turbulence, in addition to the formation of internal waves which can propagate away and break elsewhere resulting in further vertical mixing. Vertical mixing is important both for ocean dynamics and also as it can increase biodiversity and productivity by facilitating nutrient exchange between the deep and surface ocean. More generally, turbulent mixing in the ocean is an important, challenging and widely investigated matter. Understanding and modelling of the processes by which energy is converted from larger scales into small scale mixing, and how this impacts upon ocean circulation, present major challenges within the field. In order to improve the understanding of the influence of bathymetry in shallow coastal oceans on mixing, two dimensional vertical slice numerical simulations are presented conducted with both Fluidity and MITgcm. These simulations analyse the effect of the interaction of tidal currents with complex bathymetry such as sills and flooded river valleys. Simulating vertical mixing processes explicitly generally requires very high numerical resolution to properly capture the dynamics and to diagnose correct mixing rates. A potential approach to mitigate this is considered through the application of mesh adaptivity for Loch Etive, which is shown to reproduce dynamics well while using between one and two orders of magnitude fewer degrees of freedom than a fixed uniform mesh. Idealised and more realistic simulations of the modern day real world fjord systems of Loch Etive and Idefjorden are first used to further validate model results and to better understand the processes which occur in these systems, including the influence of the second sill and the inter-sill spacing, before idealised simulations of the geological ancient are conducted. Targeted simulations of the geological ancient explore major stages in a transgression and regression during an icehouse and greenhouse world due to changing coastline geomorphology and the resulting nutrient heterogeneity.
SMASHing THE LMC: Mapping a Ring-like Stellar Overdensity in the LMC Disk
Creators: name: Choi, Yumi
name: Nidever, David L.
name: Olsen, Knut
name: Besla, Gurtina
name: Blum, Robert D.
name: Zaritsky, Dennis
name: Cioni, Maria-Rosa L.
name: van der Marel, Roeland P.
name: Bell, Eric F.
name: Johnson, L. Clifton
name: Vivas, A. Katherina
name: Walker, Alistair R.
name: de Boer, Thomas J. L.
name: Noel, Noelia E. D.
name: Monachesi, Antonela
name: Gallart, Carme
name: Monelli, Matteo
name: Stringfellow, Guy S.
name: Massana, Pol
name: Martinez-Delgado, David
name: Munoz, Ricardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the stellar structure of the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) disk using data from the Survey of the MAgellanic Stellar History (SMASH) and the Dark Energy Survey. We detect a ring-like stellar overdensity in the red clump star count map at a radius of ~6 degrees (~5.2 kpc at the LMC distance) that is continuous over ~270 degrees in position angle and is only limited by the current data coverage. The overdensity shows an amplitude up to 2.5 times higher than that of the underlying smooth disk. This structure might be related to the multiple arms found by de Vaucouleurs. We find that the overdensity shows spatial correlation with intermediate-age star clusters, but not with young (< 1 Gyr) main-sequence stars, indicating the stellar populations associated with the overdensity are intermediate in age or older. Our findings on the LMC overdensity can be explained by either of two distinct formation mechanisms of a ring-like overdensity: (1) the overdensity formed out of an asymmetric one-armed spiral wrapping around the LMC main body, which is induced by repeated encounters with the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) over the last Gyr, or (2) the overdensity formed very recently as a tidal response to a direct collision with the SMC. Although the measured properties of the overdensity alone cannot distinguish between the two candidate scenarios, the consistency with both scenarios suggests that the ring-like overdensity is likely a product of tidal interaction with the SMC, but not with the Milky Way halo.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures, 1 table, Published in ApJ
Additional file 3: of Improving management of tuberculosis in people living with HIV in South Africa through integration of HIV and tuberculosis services: a proof of concept study
Creators: name: Sinai, Irit
name: Farley Cleghorn
name: Kinkel, Hans
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Treatment outcomes. Full analysis of treatment outcomes. (PDF 85 kb)
Functional characterisation of a putative amino acid transporter in toxoplasma gondii
Creators: name: Wallbank, Bethan
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2018

description: To establish infection and disseminate within its host, the obligate intracellular parasite, Toxoplasma gondii, must undergo cycles of invasion, replication, and egress from the host cell. These recurring cycles rely upon a network of finely tuned signalling pathways that allow the parasite to sense and respond to its environment. Phosphoproteomic analysis of Calcium Dependent Protein Kinase 3 (TgCDPK3), a key moderator of these processes, has allowed for the study of the proteins acting downstream of this kinase. Intriguingly, the phosphoproteome revealed several proteins involved in metabolism, including the branched chain amino acid dehydrogenase (BCKDH). This revealed a potential link between TgCDPK3 and metabolic processes. Three candidates identified from the TgCDPK3 phosphoproteome analysis were chosen for functional characterisation. These were a lipid-binding protein (phosphorylated lipid binding protein; PLBP), a hypothetical protein (putative TgCDPK3-phosphorylated protein; PCPP), and a putative branched chain amino acid (BCAA) transporter (ApiAT5-3; Apicomplexan amino acid transporter 5- 3). As TgCDPK3 was hypothesised to mediate BCKDH phosphorylation, potentially regulating BCAA metabolism, the ApiAT5-3 became the main focus of this study. Ectopictagging demonstrated that all three candidates localise to the parasite periphery, the same subcellular location as TgCDPK3. Upon conditional knockout (cKO) of ApiAT5-3, growth was completely ablated. Complementation of these cKOs with an ectopic copy of the WT gene rescued this phenotype. A combination of ectopic expression in Xenopus laevis and metabolomic analysis of the cKOs revealed this protein to be a transporter of the essential amino acid tyrosine, and not BCAAs. Mutation of the TgCDPK3-dependent phosphorylation site, serine 56, revealed that it is important for parasite fitness. However, phosphorylation of this site alone is not essential for tyrosine import into the parasite. Together this study advances our understanding of the TgCDPK3 signalling pathway and the way in which T. gondii scavenges nutrients from its host.