cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Multi-horizon air pollution forecasting with deep neural networks
Creators: name: Arsov, Mirche
name: Zdravevski, Eftim
name: Lameski, Petre
name: Corizzo, Roberto
name: Koteli, Nikola
name: Gramatikov, Sasho
name: Mitreski, Kosta
name: Trajkovik, Vladimir
Publisher: name: Sensors (Switzerland)
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 46
subject: Information and computing sciences

description: Air pollution is a global problem, especially in urban areas where the population density is very high due to the diverse pollutant sources such as vehicles, industrial plants, buildings, and waste. North Macedonia, as a developing country, has a serious problem with air pollution. The problem is highly present in its capital city, Skopje, where air pollution places it consistently within the top 10 cities in the world during the winter months. In this work, we propose using Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) models with long short-term memory units to predict the level of PM10 particles at 6, 12, and 24 h in the future. We employ historical air quality measurement data from sensors placed at multiple locations in Skopje and meteorological conditions such as temperature and humidity. We compare different deep learning models’ performance to an Auto-regressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) model. The obtained results show that the proposed models consistently outperform the baseline model and can be successfully employed for air pollution prediction. Ultimately, we demonstrate that these models can help decision-makers and local authorities better manage the air pollution consequences by taking proactive measures.
History: Sunk Cost, or Widespread Externality?
Creators: name: Hammond, Peter J.
name: Hammond, Peter J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: In an intertemporal Arrow–Debreu economy with a continuum of agents, suppose that the auctioneer sets prices while the government institutes optimal lump-sum transfers period by period. An earlier paper showed how subgame imperfections arise because agents understand how their current decisions such as those determining investment will influence future lump-sum transfers. This observation undermines the second efficiency theorem of welfare economics and makes “history” a widespread externality. A two-period model is used to investigate the constrained efficiency properties of different kinds of equilibrium. Possibilities for remedial policy are also discussed.
Soliton equations solved by the boundary CFT
Creators: name: Saito, Satoru
name: Sato, Ryuichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Soliton equations are derived which characterize the boundary CFT a la Callan et al. Soliton fields of classical soliton equations are shown to appear as a neutral bound state of a pair of soliton fields of BCFT. One soliton amplitude under the influence of the boundary is calculated explicitly and is shown that it is frozen at the Dirichlet limit.
description: 13 pages
Quantum probing beyond pure dephasing
Creators: name: Tamascelli, Dario
name: Benedetti, Claudia
name: Breuer, Heinz-Peter
name: Paris, Matteo G. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum probing is the art of exploiting simple quantum systems interacting with a complex environment to extract precise information about some environmental parameters, e.g. the temperature of the environment or its spectral density. Here we analyze the performance of a single-qubit probe in characterizing Ohmic bosonic environments at thermal equilibrium. In particular, we analyze the effects of tuning the interaction Hamiltonian between the probe and the environment, going beyond the traditional paradigm of pure dephasing. In the weak-coupling and short-time regime, we address the dynamics of the probe analytically, whereas numerical simulations are employed in the strong coupling and long-time regime. We then evaluate the quantum Fisher information for the estimation of the cutoff frequency and the temperature of the environment. Our results provide clear evidence that pure dephasing is not optimal, unless we focus attention to short times. In particular, we found several working regimes where the presence of a transverse interaction improves the maximum attainable precision, i.e. it increases the quantum Fisher information. We also explore the role of the initial state of the probe and of the probe characteristic frequency in determining the estimation precision, thus providing quantitative guidelines to design optimized detection to characterize bosonic environments at the quantum level.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures, accepted version
title: The capture of Mametz Wood: a study of Lloyd George's "Welsh Army" at the Battle of the Somme 1916
Creators: name: Hughes, Albert Colin
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 1975

description: The Battle of the Somme, 1916, provided a severe and bloody test for the inexperienced units of Kitchener's 'new' volunteer armies, among them the 38th (Welsh) Division which had been raised by Lloyd George in 1914 in an ambitious, but unsuccessful, attempt to create a Welsh Army Corps of two divisions. The Welsh Division went to France in December 1915 under the command of Major General Ivor Philipps, Liberal MP and political acquaintance of Lloyd George. The division's early training had given it the appearance of a smart, well disciplined force and both the divisional commander and Lloyd George were confident that it would distinguish itself in battle. After six months in the trenches near Neuve Chappelle, the division marched to the Somme where, for its first major attack it was given the formidable task of capturing Mametz Wood, on rising ground between the German first and second lines. This wood, the largest on the Somme, was defended by regular troops and reservists of the 3rd Guards Division, the cream of Germany's highly professional army. The Welsh Division, by contrast, consisted of wartime volunteers, unskilled in offensive tactics, untrained in woodland fighting. A half-hearted first attack failed, as much the result of poor handling from above as of German opposition, Philipps was relieved of his command. At the second attempt, the division captured the wood after two days bitter fighting. But its performance did not satisfy the Corps commander and the division emerged from the battle with an indifferent reputation - which was not shaken off until the division had proved its worth at Pilckem Ridge in 1917. This study examines the difficulties which it faced at Mametz Mood, and shows that the Welsh Division did remarkably well, without getting the credit it deserved.
KEF_INV_132550_01
Creators: name: Salles, Jean-François
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2022

description: Carnet d'inventaire de l'année 1989 (17 pages)
description: Coverage: Kition-Bamboula-Port
Additional file 1 of Believing emotions are uncontrollable is linked to eating disorder psychopathology via suppression and reappraisal
Creators: name: Vuillier, Laura
name: Joseph, Jemma
name: Somerville, Matthew P.
name: Harrison, Amy
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1.
DDet: Dual-path Dynamic Enhancement Network for Real-World Image Super-Resolution
Creators: name: Shi, Yukai
name: Zhong, Haoyu
name: Yang, Zhijing
name: Yang, Xiaojun
name: Lin, Liang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Different from traditional image super-resolution task, real image super-resolution(Real-SR) focus on the relationship between real-world high-resolution(HR) and low-resolution(LR) image. Most of the traditional image SR obtains the LR sample by applying a fixed down-sampling operator. Real-SR obtains the LR and HR image pair by incorporating different quality optical sensors. Generally, Real-SR has more challenges as well as broader application scenarios. Previous image SR methods fail to exhibit similar performance on Real-SR as the image data is not aligned inherently. In this article, we propose a Dual-path Dynamic Enhancement Network(DDet) for Real-SR, which addresses the cross-camera image mapping by realizing a dual-way dynamic sub-pixel weighted aggregation and refinement. Unlike conventional methods which stack up massive convolutional blocks for feature representation, we introduce a content-aware framework to study non-inherently aligned image pair in image SR issue. First, we use a content-adaptive component to exhibit the Multi-scale Dynamic Attention(MDA). Second, we incorporate a long-term skip connection with a Coupled Detail Manipulation(CDM) to perform collaborative compensation and manipulation. The above dual-path model is joint into a unified model and works collaboratively. Extensive experiments on the challenging benchmarks demonstrate the superiority of our model.
description: Code address: https://github.com/ykshi/DDet
Advancing school professionals' dyslexia knowledge through neuroscience : bridging the science-education gap through developmental psychology
Creators: name: Anderson, Alida
Publisher: name: Frontiers in Education
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 39
subject: Education

description: This review presents a summary of the research on advancing dyslexia knowledge among school professionals. It contributes to the literature with a proposed solution for professional development and teacher training through the field of developmental psychology. The article outlines what has been done to address the science-education gap owing to misunderstandings about dyslexia, proposing a solution to advance school professionals’ knowledge of dyslexia through developmental psychology coursework aimed at the neuroscience of dyslexia, including basic and cognitive neuroscience concepts. The review outlines the legislative and research support for this proposal as well as the candidate knowledge focused on the neuroscience of dyslexia to address gaps in professional knowledge and practice. The review includes a discussion section with implications for research and practice.
Oil Prices, Profits, and Recessions: An Inquiry Using Terrorism as an Instrumental Variable
Creators: name: Chen, Natalie
name: Graham, Liam
name: Oswald, Andrew J.
name: Chen, Natalie
name: Graham, Liam
name: Oswald, Andrew J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Energy prices
subject: petroleum
subject: oil shocks
subject: profitability

description: Nearly all post-war recessions have been preceded by oil-price shocks, but is this because spikes in the price of petroleum cause economic downturns? Most research has ignored an identification problem: oil prices and the state of the world economy are endogenously determined. This paper uses terrorist incidents as an instrumental variable. In an international panel of industries, we show that after correction for simultaneity bias — though not before — the price of oil has large negative effects upon profitability. Our results seem to lend support to the claim that oil-price spikes can be a source of recessions
Optimal state encoding for quantum walks and quantum communication over spin systems
Creators: name: Haselgrove, Henry L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent work has shown that a simple chain of interacting spins can be used as a medium for high-fidelity quantum communication. We describe a scheme for quantum communication using a spin system that conserves z-spin, but otherwise is arbitrary. The sender and receiver are assumed to directly control several spins each, with the sender encoding the message state onto the larger state-space of her control spins. We show how to find the encoding that maximises the fidelity of communication, using a simple method based on the singular-value decomposition. Also, we show that this solution can be used to increase communication fidelity in a rather different circumstance: where no encoding of initial states is used, but where the sender and receiver control exactly two spins each and vary the interactions on those spins over time. The methods presented are computationally efficient, and numerical examples are given for systems having up to 300 spins.
description: 10 pages, LaTeX, 7 EPS figures. Corrected an error in the definition and interpretation of C_B(T)
Does Tax Competition Really Promote Growth?
Creators: name: Koethenbuerger, Marko
name: Lockwood, Ben
name: Koethenbuerger, Marko
name: Lockwood, Ben
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: Public Economics
subject: tax competition
subject: uncertainty
subject: stochastic growth

description: This paper considers the relationship between tax competition and growth in an endogenous growth model where there are stochastic shocks to productivity, and capital taxes fund a public good which may be for final consumption or an infrastructure input. Absent stochastic shocks, decentralized tax setting (two or more jurisdictions) maximizes the rate of growth, as the constant returns to scale present with endogenous growth implies “extreme” tax competition. Stochastic shocks imply that households face a portfolio choice problem, which may dampen down tax competition and may raise taxes above the centralized level. Growth can be lower with decentralization. Our results also predict a negative relationship between output volatility and growth, consistent with the empirical evidence.
Does Migration Empower Married Women?
Creators: name: Chen, Natalie
name: Conconi, Paola
name: Perroni, Carlo
name: Chen, Natalie
name: Conconi, Paola
name: Perroni, Carlo
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: International Migration
subject: Marriage
subject: Renegotiation
subject: Gender

description: Household migration can affect labor market opportunities differently for the two spouses, both because of gender-specific differences between the skills of migrants and the skills that are in demand in the host country, and because of differences in the extent of gender-based labor market discrimination between the country of origin and the host country. Standard bargaining theory suggests that, if household migration leads to a comparative improvement in labor market opportunities for married women, it should be beneficial to them. We show that, if renegotiation possibilities for migrant women are limited, the opposite may be true, particularly if women are specialized in household activities and the labor market allows more flexibility in their labor supply choices. Evidence from the German Socio-Economic Panel indeed shows that, holding everything else constant, improvements in relative wages for migrant women do not translate into better outcomes for them.
Additional file 1 of Src is essential for the endosomal delivery of the FGFR4 signaling complex in hepatocellular carcinoma
Creators: name: Ji-Yon Shin
name: Ahn, Sung-Min
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. CCLE data of HCC cell lines in ascending order by FGF19 expression.
Emerging COVID-19 impacts, responses, and lessons for building resilience in the seafood system
Creators: name: Love, David C.
name: Allison, Edward Hugh
name: Asche, Frank
name: Belton, Ben
name: Cottrell, Richard S.
name: Froehlich, Halley E.
name: Gephart, Jessica
name: Hicks, Christina C.
name: Little, David
name: Nussbaumer, Elizabeth M.
name: Pinto da Silva, Patricia
name: Poulain, Florence
name: Rubio, Angel
name: Stoll, Joshua S.
name: Tlusty, Michael F.
name: Thorne-Lyman, Andrew L.
name: Troell, Max
name: Zhang, Wenbo
Publisher: name: Global Food Security
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 30
subject: Agricultural, veterinary and food sciences

description: The COVID-19 pandemic and subsequent lockdowns are creating health and economic crises that threaten food and nutrition security. The seafood sector provides important sources of nutrition and employment, especially in low-income countries, and is highly globalized allowing shocks to propagate. We studied COVID-19-related disruptions, impacts, and responses to the seafood sector from January through May 2020, using a food system resilience ‘action cycle’ framework as a guide. We find that some supply chains, market segments, companies, small-scale actors and civil society have shown initial signs of greater resilience than others. COVID-19 has also highlighted the vulnerability of certain groups working in- or dependent on the seafood sector. We discuss early coping and adaptive responses combined with lessons from past shocks that could be considered when building resilience in the sector. We end with strategic research needs to support learning from COVID-19 impacts and responses.
String Theoretical Interpretation for Finite N Yang-Mills Theory in Two-Dimensions
Creators: name: Matsuo, Toshihiro
name: Matsuura, So
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the equivalence between a string theory and the two-dimensional Yang-Mills theory with SU(N) gauge group for finite N. We find a sector which can be interpreted as a sum of covering maps from closed string world-sheets to the target space, whose covering number is less than N. This gives an asymptotic expansion of 1/N whose large N limit becomes the chiral sector defined by D.Gross and W.Taylor. We also discuss that the residual part of the partition function provides the non-perturbative corrections to the perturbative expansion.
description: 15 pages, no figures, LaTeX2e, typos corrected, final version to appear in Modern Physics Letters A
RETAINED EARNINGS DYNAMIC, INTERNAL PROMOTIONS AND WALRASIAN EQUILIBRIUM
Creators: name: Beker, Pablo F.
name: Beker, Pablo F.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Industry Evolution
subject: Market Selection Hypothesis
subject: Production under Incomplete Markets
subject: Retained Earnings Dynamic
subject: Self-Fulfilling Expectations
subject: Internal Labor Markets

description: In the early stages of the process of industry evolution, firms are financially constrained and might pay different wages to workers according to their expectations about the prospects for advancement offered by each firm’s job ladder. This paper argues that, nevertheless, if the output market is competitive, the positive predictions of the perfectly competitive model are still a good description of the long run outcome. If firms maximize the discounted sum of constrained profits, financing expenditure out of retained earnings, profits are driven down to zero as the perfectly competitive model predicts. Ex ante identical firms may follow different growth paths in which workers work for a lower entry-wage in firms expected to grow more. In the steady state, however, workers performing the same job, in ex-ante identical firms, receive the same wage. I explain when the long run outcome is efficient, when it is not, and why firms that produce inefficiently might drive the efficient ones out of the market even when the steady state has the positive properties of a Walrasian equilibrium. To some extent, it is not technological efficiency but workers’ self-fulfilling expectations about their prospects for advancement within the firm that explains which firms have lower unit costs, grow more, and dominate the market.
RELEASE Handbook - good practices & practical alternatives
Creators: name: Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: This Handbook builds upon data collected throughout the RELEASE project, particularly prac-titioner-participants’ experiences voiced in the events organised as part of the project. The different backgrounds represented by the target groups (judges, prosecutors and lawyers) helped to enable the collection and compilation of a cross-professional panorama of good practices and gaps. The Handbook is therefore based on different points of view, which will help to give a better understanding of how alternative measures can be applied at the national level and will facilitate mutual understanding and cooperation among different professionals – with the common goal of imposing pre-trial detention as a measure of last resort.
Risks shift along seafood supply chains
Creators: name: Love, David C.
name: Nussbaumer, Elizabeth M.
name: Harding, Jamie
name: Gephart, Jessica
name: Anderson, James L.
name: Asche, Frank
name: Stoll, Joshua S.
name: Thorne-Lyman, Andrew L.
name: Bloem, Martin W.
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Seafood is a highly traded commodity and 71% of the United States (U.S.) supply is imported. This study addresses questions about imported seafood safety and compares risks of outbreaks and recalls across countries of origin, species, and stages of the supply chain. We found that where seafood comes from does not play a major role in risk. Risk is a function of the activities happening at each stage of the supply chain, inherent riskiness of some products or processes, and “pass through” risks introduced at upstream and midstream stages of the supply chain. Dominant farmed species (shrimp, tilapia, catfish) became less risky as they move along the supply chain toward consumers. We recommend investments in agencies overseeing food safety and health, enhanced traceability within supply chains, and more open government datasets that support systems-level analyses.
MARKET SELECTION AND PAYOUT POLICY UNDER MAJORITY RULE
Creators: name: Beker, Pablo F.
name: Beker, Pablo F.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Production Economics
subject: Market Selection Hypothesis
subject: Payout Policy
subject: Production under Incomplete Market

description: The purpose of this paper is to explain how the choice between distributing cash through dividends or shares repurchases affects the firm’s ability to raise capital in the financial market. I assume investors have quadratic preferences over wealth but different prior beliefs about the likelihood a distribution takes place. At date zero agents purchase shares given their expectation about the firm’s payout method. At date 1 the firm announces whether the payout takes place that period. As in Brennan and Thakor [3], investors with different shareholdings have different incentives to gather information and, therefore, heterogeneous preferences about payout methods at date 1. I assume the firm adopts the payout method preferred by the majority of shareholders at date 1 under the one share/one vote rule. At date 2 the firm is liquidated and the remaining output is distributed among its shareholders. If at date zero agents disagree but not too much on the probability a distribution takes place, I show that a firm expected to pay dividends raises strictly more financial capital than an otherwise identical firm which is expected to repurchase shares. Therefore, a larger fraction of cash is distributed as dividend than through repurchases. One concludes that even in the presence of a small tax disadvantage financial markets favor dividend paying firms.
Localization and delocalization of random interfaces
Creators: name: Velenik, Yvan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 60K35, 82B41 (Primary) 82B24, 82B27 (Secondary)

description: The probabilistic study of effective interface models has been quite active in recent years, with a particular emphasis on the effect of various external potentials (wall, pinning potential, ...) leading to localization/delocalization transitions. I review some of the results that have been obtained. In particular, I discuss pinning by a local potential, entropic repulsion and the (pre)wetting transition, both for models with continuous and discrete heights.
description: Published at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/154957806000000050 in the Probability Surveys (http://www.i-journals.org/ps/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
From parallel to perpendicular -- On the orientation of magnetic fields in molecular clouds
Creators: name: Seifried, D.
name: Walch, S.
name: Weis, M.
name: Reissl, S.
name: Soler, J. D.
name: Klessen, R. S.
name: Joshi, P. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present synthetic dust polarization maps of simulated molecular clouds (MCs) with the goal to systematically explore the origin of the relative orientation of the magnetic field ($\bf{B}$) with respect to the MC sub-structures identified in density ($n$; 3D) and column density ($N$; 2D). The polarization maps are generated with the radiative transfer code POLARIS, including self-consistently calculated efficiencies for radiative torque alignment. The MCs are formed in two sets of 3D MHD simulations: in (i) colliding flows (CF), and (ii) the SILCC-Zoom simulations. In 3D, for the CF simulations with an initial field strength below $\sim$5 $μ$G, $\bf{B}$ is oriented parallel or randomly with respect to the $n$-structures. For CF runs with stronger initial fields and all SILCC-Zoom simulations, which have an initial field strength of 3 $μ$G, a flip from parallel to perpendicular orientation occurs at high densities of $n_\text{trans}$ $\simeq$ 10$^2$ - 10$^3$ cm$^{-3}$. We suggest that this flip happens if the MC's mass-to-flux ratio, $μ$, is close to or below the critical value of 1. This corresponds to a field strength around 3 - 5 $μ$G. In 2D, we use the Projected Rayleigh Statistics (PRS) to study the orientation of $\bf{B}$. If present, the flip in orientation occurs at $N_\text{trans}$ $\simeq$ 10$^{21 - 21.5}$ cm$^{-2}$, similar to the observed transition value from sub- to supercritical magnetic fields in the ISM. However, projection effects can reduce the power of the PRS method: Depending on the MC or LOS, the projected maps of the SILCC-Zoom simulations do not always show the flip, although expected from the 3D morphology. Such projection effects can explain the variety of recently observed field configurations, in particular within a single MC. Finally, we do not find a correlation between the observed orientation of $\bf{B}$ and the $N$-PDF.
description: 20 pages, 12 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Finite GK-dimensional pre-Nichols algebras of quantum linear spaces and of Cartan type
Creators: name: Andruskiewitsch, Nicolás
name: Sanmarco, Guillermo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 16T20, 17B37

description: We study pre-Nichols algebras of quantum linear spaces and of Cartan type with finite GK-dimension. We prove that out of a short list of exceptions involving only roots of order 2, 3, 4, 6, any such pre-Nichols algebra is a quotient of the distinguished pre-Nichols algebra introduced by Angiono generalizing the De Concini-Procesi quantum groups. There are two new examples, one of which can be thought of as $G_2$ at a third root of one.
description: 34 pages
Risks shift along seafood supply chains
Creators: name: Love, David C.
name: Nussbaumer, Elizabeth M.
name: Harding, Jamie
name: Gephart, Jessica
name: Anderson, James L.
name: Asche, Frank
name: Stoll, Joshua S.
name: Thorne-Lyman, Andrew L.
name: Bloem, Martin W.
Publisher: name: Global Food Security
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 30
subject: Agricultural, veterinary and food sciences

description: Seafood is a highly traded commodity and 71% of the United States (U.S.) supply is imported. This study addresses questions about imported seafood safety and compares risks of outbreaks and recalls across countries of origin, species, and stages of the supply chain. We found that where seafood comes from does not play a major role in risk. Risk is a function of the activities happening at each stage of the supply chain, inherent riskiness of some products or processes, and “pass through” risks introduced at upstream and midstream stages of the supply chain. Dominant farmed species (shrimp, tilapia, catfish) became less risky as they move along the supply chain toward consumers. We recommend investments in agencies overseeing food safety and health, enhanced traceability within supply chains, and more open government datasets that support systems-level analyses.
Water heavily fractionated as it ascends on Mars as revealed by ExoMars/NOMAD
Creators: name: Villanueva, Geronimo L.
name: Liuzzi, Giuliano
name: Crismani, Matteo M.J.
name: Aoki, Shohei
name: Vandaele, Ann Carine
name: Daerden, Frank
name: Smith, Michael D.
name: Mumma, Michael J.
name: Knutsen, Elise W.
name: Neary, Lori
name: Viscardy, Sebastien
name: Thomas, Ian R.
name: Lopez-Valverde, Miguel Angel
name: Ristic, Bojan
name: Patel, Manish R.
name: Holmes, James A.
name: Bellucci, Giancarlo
name: López Moreno, José Juan
name: NOMAD Team
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Isotopic ratios and, in particular, the water D/H ratio are powerful tracers of the evolution and transport of water on Mars. From measurements performed with ExoMars/NOMAD, we observe marked and rapid variability of the D/H along altitude on Mars and across the whole planet. The observations (from April 2018 to April 2019) sample a broad range of events on Mars, including a global dust storm, the evolution of water released from the southern polar cap during southern summer, the equinox phases, and a short but intense regional dust storm. In three instances, we observe water at very high altitudes (>80 km), the prime region where water is photodissociated and starts its escape to space. Rayleigh distillation appears the be the driving force affecting the D/H in many cases, yet in some instances, the exchange of water reservoirs with distinctive D/H could be responsible.
Mirror, mirror: Landau-Zener-Stuckelberg-Majorana interferometry of a superconducting qubit in front of a mirror
Creators: name: Wen, P. Y.
name: Ivakhnenko, O. V.
name: Nakonechnyi, M. A.
name: Suri, B.
name: Lin, J. -J.
name: Lin, W. -J.
name: Chen, J. C.
name: Shevchenko, S. N.
name: Nori, Franco
name: Hoi, I. -C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the Landau-Zener-Stuckelberg-Majorana interferometry of a superconducting qubit in a semi-infinite transmission line terminated by a mirror. The transmon-type qubit is at the node of the resonant electromagnetic (EM) field, hiding from the EM field. "Mirror, mirror" briefly describes this system, because the qubit acts as another mirror. We modulate the resonant frequency of the qubit by applying a sinusoidal flux pump. We probe the spectroscopy by measuring the reflection coefficient of a weak probe in the system. Remarkable interference patterns emerge in the spectrum, which can be interpreted as multi-photon resonances in the dressed qubit. Our calculations agree well with the experiments.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures
Intergenerational Mobility of Migrants: Is There a Gender Gap?
Creators: name: Chen, Natalie
name: Conconi, Paola
name: Perroni, Carlo
name: Chen, Natalie
name: Conconi, Paola
name: Perroni, Carlo
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Marriage
subject: Migrants
subject: Social Mobility

description: We examine gender differences in intergenerational patterns of social mobility for second-generation migrants. Empirical studies of social mobility have found that women are generally more mobile than men. Matching theory suggests that this may be because the importance of market characteristics (financial wealth and earning power) relative to non-market characteristics in the marriage market is lesser for women than men, and market characteristics can be intergenerationally more persistent than non-market characteristics. According to this interpretation, the mobility gender gap should be wider for second-generation migrant households, where gender roles remain more pronounced than in the non-migrant population. We explore this conjecture using data from the US General Social Survey. Our results show that daughters of first-generation migrants are intergenerationally more mobile than migrants’ sons, and more so than it is the case for non-migrants’ children.
Water heavily fractionated as it ascends on Mars as revealed by ExoMars/NOMAD
Creators: name: Villanueva, Geronimo L.
name: Liuzzi, Giuliano
name: Crismani, Matteo M.J.
name: Aoki, Shohei
name: Vandaele, Ann Carine
name: Daerden, Frank
name: Smith, Michael D.
name: Mumma, Michael J.
name: Knutsen, Elise W.
name: Neary, Lori
name: Viscardy, Sebastien
name: Thomas, Ian R.
name: Lopez-Valverde, Miguel Angel
name: Ristic, Bojan
name: Patel, Manish R.
name: Holmes, James A.
name: Bellucci, Giancarlo
name: López Moreno, José Juan
name: NOMAD Team
Publisher: name: Science Advances
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 37
subject: Earth sciences

description: Isotopic ratios and, in particular, the water D/H ratio are powerful tracers of the evolution and transport of water on Mars. From measurements performed with ExoMars/NOMAD, we observe marked and rapid variability of the D/H along altitude on Mars and across the whole planet. The observations (from April 2018 to April 2019) sample a broad range of events on Mars, including a global dust storm, the evolution of water released from the southern polar cap during southern summer, the equinox phases, and a short but intense regional dust storm. In three instances, we observe water at very high altitudes (>80 km), the prime region where water is photodissociated and starts its escape to space. Rayleigh distillation appears the be the driving force affecting the D/H in many cases, yet in some instances, the exchange of water reservoirs with distinctive D/H could be responsible.
The Dictator’s Dilemma: to Punish or to Assist? Plan Failures and Interventions under Stalin
Creators: name: Markevich, Andrei
name: Markevich, Andrei
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Political Economy
subject: dictatorship
subject: principal-agent problem
subject: soft budget constraints
subject: USSR

description: A dictator issues an order, but the order is not carried out. The dictator does not know whether the order failed because the agent behaved opportunistically, or because his order contained some mistake. Imperfect information creates his dilemma: whether to punish the agent, or assist her or both. This paper modelsthe dictator’s intervention when an order fails. The analysis links the dictator’s coercive policy with the softness of budget constraints. The model is verified against the history of Stalin’s dictatorship, using statistical evidence extracted from the formerly secret records of the Communist Party's "control commission".
Additional file 1 of Transcriptome-based analysis of the effects of salicylic acid and high light on lipid and astaxanthin accumulation in Haematococcus pluvialis
Creators: name: Qunju Hu
name: Danqiong Huang
name: Anguo Li
name: Zhangli Hu
name: Zhengquan Gao
name: Yongli Yang
name: Wang, Chaogang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1. Additional figures and tables.
Falling living standards during the COVID-19 crisis : quantitative evidence from nine developing countries
Creators: name: Egger, Dennis
name: Miguel, Edward
name: Warren, Shana S.
name: Shenoy, Ashish
name: Collins, Elliott
name: Karlan, Dean
name: Parkerson, Doug
name: Mobarak, A. Mushfiq
name: Fink, Günther
name: Udry, Christopher
name: Walker, Michael
name: Haushofer, Johannes
name: Larreboure, Magdalena
name: Athey, Susan
name: Lopez-Pena, Paula
name: Benhachmi, Salim
name: Humphreys, Macartan
name: Lowe, Layna
name: Meriggi, Niccoló F.
name: Wabwire, Andrew
name: Davis, C. Austin
name: Pape, Utz Johann
name: Graff, Tilman
name: Voors, Maarten
name: Nekesa, Carolyn
name: Vernot, Corey
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Despite numerous journalistic accounts, systematic quantitative evidence on economic conditions during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic remains scarce for most low- and middle-income countries, partly due to limitations of official economic statistics in environments with large informal sectors and subsistence agriculture. We assemble evidence from over 30,000 respondents in 16 original household surveys from nine countries in Africa (Burkina Faso, Ghana, Kenya, Rwanda, Sierra Leone), Asia (Bangladesh, Nepal, Philippines), and Latin America (Colombia). We document declines in employment and income in all settings beginning March 2020. The share of households experiencing an income drop ranges from 8 to 87% (median, 68%). Household coping strategies and government assistance were insufficient to sustain precrisis living standards, resulting in widespread food insecurity and dire economic conditions even 3 months into the crisis. We discuss promising policy responses and speculate about the risk of persistent adverse effects, especially among children and other vulnerable groups.
A DYNAMIC, GLOBALLY FLEXIBLE MODEL OF U.S. MEAT DEMAND
Creators: name: Wahl, Thomas I.
name: Hayes, Dermot J.
name: Wahl, Thomas I.
name: Hayes, Dermot J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1989
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis
Livestock Production/Industries

description: A dynamic Almost Ideal Demand System is combined with the Fourier Expenditure System. The models are compared by using likelihood ratio tests. Elasticities for the U.S. meat system are presented for each model.
Dust obscuration studies along quasar sight lines using simulated galaxies
Creators: name: Churches, D. K.
name: Nelson, A. H.
name: Edmunds, M. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the results of a set of three-dimensional SPH-Treecode simulations which model the formation and early evolution of disk galaxies, including the generation of heavy elements by star formation, to investigate the effects of dust absorption in quasar absorption line systems. Using a simple prescription for the production of dust, we have compared the column density, zinc abundance and optical depth properties of our models to the known properties of Damped Lyman alpha systems. We find that a significant fraction of our model galaxy disks have a higher column density than any observed DLA system. We are also able to show that such parts of the disk tend to be optically thick, implying that any background quasar would be obscured through much of the disk. This would produce the selection effect against the denser absorption systems thought to be present in observations.
description: 7 pages, 8 figures, to be published in MNRAS
title: Ultrafast Field-Induced Nonlinear Optical Processes In Two Dimensional Transition Metal Dichalcogenide Quantum Dots
Creators: name: Mitra, Aranyo
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2023

description:
In this dissertation, we theoretically study the nonlinear optical response of Transition metal dichalcogenide (TMDC) Quantum dots to an ultrafast optical pulse. The applied ultrafast laser pulse has a duration of a few femtoseconds, with the electric field amplitude being of the order of a few V/nm. The electron systems of the disk-shaped Quantum dots studied, are described within a low-energy effective k.p model Hamiltonian with infinite mass boundary conditions and applied separately at symmetry-points known as K and K valleys. The electron dynamics generated after interaction with the pulse, is investigated and found to be highly reversible for the range of applied field amplitudes. Based on the generated electronic populations, two nonlinear optical processes are investigated, viz., Valley polarization and High harmonic generation.


The ultrafast valley polarization is shown to be induced through time-reversal symmetry breaking of the K and K valleys using a circularly polarized optical pulse. For different TMDC materials, valley polarization is shown to depend on the extent of spatial confinement within the quantum dots, as well as on the electric field amplitude of the applied optical pulse. Valley polarization increases monotonically with dot radius while exhibiting non-monotonic behavior with a local maximum at a finite dot radius. The variation in behavior between materials is attributed to differences in the respective spin-resolved density of states and average energy densities of the single-particle electronic energy states.


Further, the populations of individual energy states after interaction with the pulse lead to the dipole moments for electronic transitions. The nonlinear radiation of high harmonics of the fundamental frequency ??o of the incident linearly and elliptically polarized pulses, can then be related to the corresponding Fourier transformed dipole moments. Harmonic cutoff frequencies and intensities of the generated odd high harmonics increase with dot radius and pulse intensity, for a linearly polarized pulse, while increasing pulse frequency increases harmonic intensity and decreases cut-off frequency. Ellipticity of high harmonics transform monotonically with pulse ellipticity, while cut-off frequency decreases with the latter, for an elliptically polarized incident pulse.
Directional vortex motion guided by artificially induced mesoscopic potentials
Creators: name: Villegas, J. E.
name: Gonzalez, E. M.
name: Montero, M. I.
name: Schuller, Ivan K.
name: Vicent, J. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Rectangular pinning arrays of Ni dots define a potential landscape for vortex motion in Nb films. Magnetotransport experiments in which two in-plane orthogonal electrical currents are injected simultaneously allow selecting the direction and magnitude of the Lorentz force on the vortex-lattice, thus providing the angular dependence of the vortex motion. The background dissipation depends on angle at low magnetic fields, which is progressively smeared out with increasing field. The periodic potential locks in the vortex motion along channeling directions. Because of this, vortex-lattice direction of motion is up to 85o away from the applied Lorentz force direction.
description: PDF file includes figures
Drifting mass accommodation coefficients: in situ measurements from a steady state molecular dynamics setup
Creators: name: Akkus, Yigit
name: Gurer, Akif Turker
name: Bellur, Kishan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A fundamental understanding of the evaporation/condensation phenomena is vital to many fields of science and engineering, yet there is much discrepancy in the usage of phase change models and associated coefficients. First, a brief review of kinetic theory of phase change is provided, and the mass accommodation coefficient (MAC, $α$) and its inconsistent definitions are discussed. The discussion focuses on the departure from equilibrium; represented as a macroscopic "drift" velocity. Then a continuous flow, phase change driven molecular dynamics setup is used to investigate steady state condensation at a flat liquid-vapor interface of argon at various phase change rates and temperatures to elucidate the effect of equilibrium departure. MAC is computed directly from the kinetic theory based Hertz-Knudsen (H-K) and Schrage (exact and approximate) expressions without the need for a priori physical definitions, ad hoc particle injection/removal or particle counting. MAC values determined from the approximate and exact Schrage expressions ($α_{app}^{Schrage}$ and $α_{exact}^{Schrage}$) are between 0.8 and 0.9, while MAC values from the H-K expression ($α^{H-K}$) are above unity for all cases tested. $α_{exact}^{Schrage}$ yields values closest to the results from transition state theory [J Chem Phys, 118, 1392-1399 (2003)]. The departure from equilibrium does not affect the value of $α_{exact}^{Schrage}$ but causes $α^{H-K}$ to vary drastically emphasizing the importance of a drift velocity correction. Additionally, equilibrium departure causes a non-uniform distribution in vapor properties. At the condensing interface, a local rise in vapor temperature and a drop in vapor density are observed when compared with the corresponding bulk values.
Falling living standards during the COVID-19 crisis : quantitative evidence from nine developing countries
Creators: name: Egger, Dennis
name: Miguel, Edward
name: Warren, Shana S.
name: Shenoy, Ashish
name: Collins, Elliott
name: Karlan, Dean
name: Parkerson, Doug
name: Mobarak, A. Mushfiq
name: Fink, Günther
name: Udry, Christopher
name: Walker, Michael
name: Haushofer, Johannes
name: Larreboure, Magdalena
name: Athey, Susan
name: Lopez-Pena, Paula
name: Benhachmi, Salim
name: Humphreys, Macartan
name: Lowe, Layna
name: Meriggi, Niccoló F.
name: Wabwire, Andrew
name: Davis, C. Austin
name: Pape, Utz Johann
name: Graff, Tilman
name: Voors, Maarten
name: Nekesa, Carolyn
name: Vernot, Corey
Publisher: name: Science Advances
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 38
subject: Economics

description: Despite numerous journalistic accounts, systematic quantitative evidence on economic conditions during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic remains scarce for most low- and middle-income countries, partly due to limitations of official economic statistics in environments with large informal sectors and subsistence agriculture. We assemble evidence from over 30,000 respondents in 16 original household surveys from nine countries in Africa (Burkina Faso, Ghana, Kenya, Rwanda, Sierra Leone), Asia (Bangladesh, Nepal, Philippines), and Latin America (Colombia). We document declines in employment and income in all settings beginning March 2020. The share of households experiencing an income drop ranges from 8 to 87% (median, 68%). Household coping strategies and government assistance were insufficient to sustain precrisis living standards, resulting in widespread food insecurity and dire economic conditions even 3 months into the crisis. We discuss promising policy responses and speculate about the risk of persistent adverse effects, especially among children and other vulnerable groups.
LTZ: Eine N-Düngung zu Soja ist fragwürdig
Creators: name: Knörzer, H.
name: Blessing, C.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: Leguminosen: Die Stickstoffbilanz der Landwirtschaft erfordert Massnahmen zur Reduktion der N-Duengemenden. Koernerleguminosen koennen hierzu genutzt werden. Einen Artikel in der Badische Bauernzeitung.