cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Parameter dependence of the topology change and the scaling properties of the topology conserving gauge action
Creators: name: Fukaya, H.
name: Onogi, T.
name: Hashimoto, S.
name: Hirohashi, T.
name: Ogawa, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The topology conserving gauge action proposed by Luescher is expected to reduce the number of non-smooth gauge configurations as well as the topology change compared to the conventional actions for the same lattice spacings. We report our quenched QCD study of the topological stability and the scaling violation of the static quark potential. We find that the the topology change is indeed suppressed when the parameter epsilon is of order one. We also find that the scaling violation in the static quark potential remain reasonably small in the parameter range of our study. Our study is done at the inverse lattice spacing a^{-1}=1.4-2.5 GeV with the lattice size L=1.0-1.6fm.
description: Typos corrected. Talk presented at Lattice 2005 (topology and confinement), 6 pages, 5 figures
Epitaxial Pb on InAs nanowires
Creators: name: Kanne, Thomas
name: Marnauza, Mikelis
name: Olsteins, Dags
name: Carrad, Damon J.
name: Sestoft, Joachim E.
name: de Bruijckere, Joeri
name: Zeng, Lunjie
name: Johnson, Erik
name: Olsson, Eva
name: Grove-Rasmussen, Kasper
name: Nygård, Jesper
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Semiconductor-superconductor hybrids are widely used for realising complex quantum phenomena such as topological superconductivity and spins coupled to Cooper pairs. Accessing exotic regimes at high magnetic fields and increasing operating temperatures beyond the state-of-the-art requires new, epitaxially matched semiconductor-superconductor materials. The challenge is to generate favourable conditions for heterostructure formation between materials with the desired inherent properties. Here, we harness increased knowledge of metal-on-semiconductor growth to develop InAs nanowires with epitaxially matched, single crystal, atomically flat Pb films along the entire nanowire. These highly ordered heterostructures have a critical temperature of 7 K and a superconducting gap of 1.25 meV, which remains hard at 8.5 T, thereby more than doubling the available parameter space. Additionally, InAs/Pb island devics exhibit magnetic field-driven transitions from Cooper pair to single electron charging; a pre-requisite for use in topological quantum computation. Introducing semiconductor-Pb hybrids potentially enables access to entirely new regimes for an array of quantum systems.
Additional file 2 of A qualitative investigation of optimal perinatal health: the perspectives of south Asian grandmothers living in southern Ontario, Canada
Creators: name: Sujane Kandasamy
name: Anglin, Rebecca
name: Gaind, Leila
name: Dipika Desai
name: Wahi, Gita
name: Gupta, Milan
name: Anand, Sonia S.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. (Semi-structured interview guide) This file includes the semi-structured interview guide and probing questions.
Aversion to Price Risk and the Afternoon Effect
Creators: name: Mezzetti, Claudio
name: Mezzetti, Claudio
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: Afternoon Effect
subject: Declining Price Anomaly
subject: Efficient Auctions
subject: Multi-Unit Auctions
subject: Price Risk
subject: Revenue Equivalence
subject: Risk Aversion
subject: Sequential Auctions

description: Many empirical studies of auctions show that prices of identical goods sold sequentially follow a declining path. Declining prices have been viewed as an anomaly, because the theoretical models of auctions predict that the price sequence should either be a martingale (with independent signals and no informational externalities), or a submartingale (with a¢ liated signals). This paper shows that declining prices, the afternoon e§ect, arise naturally when bidders are averse to price risk. A bidder is averse to price risk if he prefers to win an object at a certain price, rather than at a random price with the same expected value. When bidders have independent signals and there are no informational externalities, only the e§ect of aversion to price risk is present and the price sequence is a supermartingale. When there are informational externalities, even with independent signals, there is a countervailing, informational e§ect, which pushes prices to raise along the path of a sequential auction. This may help explaining the more complex price paths we observe in some auctions.
Regulating a Monopolist with unknown costs and unknown quality capacity
Creators: name: Blackorby, Charles
name: Szalay, Dezso
name: Blackorby, Charles
name: Szalay, Dezso
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Industrial Organization
subject: Asymmetric Information
subject: Multi-dimensional Screening
subject: Regulation

description: We study the regulation of a firm with unknown demand and cost information. In contrast to previous studies, we assume demand is influenced by a quality choice, and the firm has private information about its quality capacity in addition to its cost. Under natural conditions, asymmetric information about the quality capacity is irrelevant. The optimal pricing is weakly above marginal costs for all types and no type is excluded.
Optical transport of sub-micron lipid vesicles along an optical nanofibre
Creators: name: Yoshino, Takaaki
name: Yamaura, Daichi
name: Komiya, Maki
name: Sugawara, Masakazu
name: Mitsumori, Yasuyoshi
name: Niwano, Michio
name: Hirano-Iwata, Ayumi
name: Edamatsu, Keiichi
name: Sadgrove, Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Enhanced manipulation and analysis of bio-particles using light confined in nano-scale dielectric structures has proceeded apace in the last several years. Small mode volumes, along with the lack of a need for bulky optical elements give advantages in sensitivity and scalability relative to conventional optical manipulation. However, manipulation of lipid vesicles (liposomes) remains difficult, particularly in the sub-micron diameter regime. Here we demonstrate the optical trapping and transport of sub-micron diameter liposomes along an optical nanofiber using the nanofiber mode's evanescent field. We find that nanofiber diameters below a nominal diffraction limit give optimal results. Our results pave the way for integrated optical transport and analysis of liposome-like bio-particles, as well as their coupling to nano-optical resonators.
description: This version includes supplementary material in the appendix. Second version: revised abstract, introduction, added references, corrected small errors and typos
Laboratory Games and Quantum Behaviour: The Normal Form with a Separable State Space
Creators: name: Hammond, Peter J.
name: Hammond, Peter J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: Financial Economics

description: The subjective expected utility (SEU) criterion is formulated for a particular four-person “laboratory game” that a Bayesian rational decision maker plays with Nature, Chance, and an Experimenter who influences what quantum behaviour is observable by choosing an orthonormal basis in a separable complex Hilbert space of latent variables. Nature chooses a state in this basis, along with an observed data series governing Chance’s random choice of consequence. When Gleason’s theorem holds, imposing quantum equivalence implies that the expected likelihood of any data series w.r.t. prior beliefs equals the trace of the product of appropriate subjective density and likelihood operators.
Overlapping Dimensions of Informality in Urban India
Creators: name: Reddy, Aarti
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Informality – broadly defined as that which falls ‘outside the purview of the state’ – is a key feature of India’s growing cities and towns. This paper examines the relationship between informality in employment and housing. In particular, how does a household’s informality in employment affect its housing outcomes? The conceptual framework developed identifies key features of informal employment, and proposes mechanisms through which they can make a household more likely to live in informal housing. The empirical analyses using the India Human Development Survey support the proposition that households with more informal employment types are more likely to live in informal housing due to factors such as low income, volatile income, low employment security, high opportunity cost of time, and barriers in the housing and financial markets. In the short-term however, households who do experience a change in employment type (proxied by primary source of income), are observed to have relatively small reductions in the likelihood of being housing deprived. This suggests that changes in housing outcomes may be slow and subject to frictions. Complementary barriers may also need to be alleviated for improvements in employment conditions to affect housing outcomes. Results also highlight how factors such as education and social group (caste and religion), which are closely tied to both employment and housing outcomes in the Indian context, play a significant role in driving the overlap. The main findings are robust to two alternative measures of employment informality. This suggests that when data are scarce, the coarser measure, primary income source, can reasonably capture differences in household level employment that matter for housing outcomes. This paper’s main argument, that the precarity of informal employment makes households more likely to live in informal housing, implies that part of the solution to informal housing lies in employment conditions. This provides yet another argument for strengthening social protection and policies promoting decent employment. Solutions to address employment related barriers in the housing and financial market are also important. Finally, this paper makes the broader assertion that urban informality is multidimensional: a considerable share of households face informality, precarity and exclusion in multiple facets of their lives. Therefore, more integrated efforts to reduce the burdens that informality places on the residents, are crucial for inclusive, equal, and resilient cities.
False Consensus in Economic Agents
Creators: name: Proto, Eugenio
name: Sgroi, Daniel
name: Proto, Eugenio
name: Sgroi, Daniel
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: false consensus
subject: saliency
subject: biased beliefs
subject: happiness
subject: politics
subject: height
subject: weight

description: In an incentivized experiment we identify a powerful and ubiquitous bias: individuals regard their own characteristics and choices as more common than is the case. We establish this “false consensus” bias in terms of happiness, political stance, mobile phone brand and on the attitude to deference in a hypothetical restaurant choice, and show that it is not limited to the distribution of hard to observe characteristics and choices but also to weight and height. We also show that the bias is not driven by the fact that the tallest, happiest, most left/right-wing, etc. are more salient.
Additional file 3 of A qualitative investigation of optimal perinatal health: the perspectives of south Asian grandmothers living in southern Ontario, Canada
Creators: name: Sujane Kandasamy
name: Anglin, Rebecca
name: Gaind, Leila
name: Dipika Desai
name: Wahi, Gita
name: Gupta, Milan
name: Anand, Sonia S.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2. (Supporting raw data) This file contains additional supporting raw data from each theme.
INCREASING AUTONOMOUS MOTIVATION THROUGH NEEDS SATISFACTION DAILY DIARIES
Creators: name: To, Chan N.
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Students’ motivations to attend college have become increasingly extrinsic, prioritizing factors such as financial gain over learning and personal development (Eagan et al., 2016; Twenge & Donnelly, 2016). Extrinsic motivation has been associated with poor well-being and performance outcomes, including higher distress (Kasser & Ryan, 1996) and overlooking work quality (Kruglanski et al., 1977), while autonomous motivation (AM)— an expansion of intrinsic motivation (IM) including behavior partially and completely mediated internally (Ryan & Deci, 2000)— has been associated with better academic outcomes (e.g. Grolnick & Ryan, 1987; Miserandino, 1996; Ryan & Connell, 1989). The current study investigated whether a week-long daily diary intervention could increase AM to attend college by reflecting on needs satisfying experiences. According to Self-Determination Theory, humans have three basic psychological needs (i.e., autonomy, competence, relatedness), and needs satisfaction facilitates AM (Ryan, 1993). Contrasting previous AM interventions (e.g., Cheon et al., 2014; Jungert et al., 2018), the current intervention required no third party, long treatment time, nor environmental changes. Data analyses revealed the intervention did not increase AM, and IM for intervention completion had no effect on outcomes. Among those who completed all seven daily diaries, the intervention condition was higher in needs satisfaction than the control. Specifically, students saw a significant increase in relatedness satisfaction in the intervention condition. Study implications and directions for future research on accessible AM interventions are discussed.
Magnetic hydrodynamics with asymmetric stress tensor
Creators: name: Billig, Yuly
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 37K30; 35Q53; 17B65

description: In this paper we study equations of magnetic hydrodynamics with a stress tensor. We interpret this system as the generalized Euler equation associated with an abelian extension of the Lie algebra of vector fields with a non-trivial 2-cocycle. We use the Lie algebra approach to prove the energy conservation law and the conservation of cross-helicity.
A Rough Examination of the value of gas storage
Creators: name: Giulietti, Monica
name: Grossi, Luigi
name: Waterson, Michael
name: Giulietti, Monica
name: Grossi, Luigi
name: Waterson, Michael
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: Financial Economics

description: This paper studies the impact of a re in 2006 which removed the possibility of access to the Rough gas storage facilities covering over 80% of total UK storage, at a time when major withdrawals from storage would have likely taken place. Implicitly, it shows the value of such gas storage facilities, in a country with relatively little storage, where we might therefore see a considerable impact. We nd that the major effect on activity was through an increased sensitivity of supply to prices and an increased variance in this sensitivity, not through physical shortages of gas
First Results from Photon Multiplicity Detector at RHIC
Creators: name: Mohanty, Bedangadas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first measurement of multiplicity and pseudorapidity distributions of photons in the pseudorapidity region 2.3 < eta < 3.7 for different centralities in Au + Au collisions at sqrt{s_NN} = 62.4 GeV. The pseudorapidity distribution of photons, dominated by neutral pion decays, has been compared to those of identified charged pions, photons, and inclusive charged particles from heavy ion and nucleon-nucleon collisions at various energies. Scaling of photon yield with number of participating nucleons and limiting fragmentation scenario for inclusive photon production has been studied.
description: Talk given at 5th International Conference on Physics and Astrophysics of Quark Gluon Plasma (February 8 - 12, 2005); 4 pages and 6 figures
Additional file 14 of Dysbiosis of skin microbiome and gut microbiome in melanoma progression
Creators: name: Mekadim, Chahrazed
name: Skalnikova, Helena Kupcova
name: Cizkova, Jana
name: Cizkova, Veronika
name: Palanova, Anna
name: Horak, Vratislav
name: Mrazek, Jakub
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Physiology
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Additional file 14.
Psecadioides stuebneri Gaedike 2014, sp. n.
Creators: name: Gaedike, Reinhard
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Tineidae
Psecadioides
Psecadioides stuebneri

description: Psecadioides stuebneri sp. n.
 Holotype: , “ Oman mer. Prov. Dhofar, 8 km W Al Mghsayl, 80-100 m, N 16°51'99,3", E 53°42'91,1", LF [lux] 23.-24.xii.2009, leg. L. Lehmann, Bittner & Stadie;” “ Holotypus , Psecadioides stuebneri sp. n., det. R. Gaedike 2014;” SDEI; Paratypes: 11 , same location, same dates, three specimens with genitalia slide (R. Gaedike Nr. 7923, 7953, 7954); SDEI; coll. Stübner.
 Derivatio nominis: Named after Andreas Stübner, who enabled me to study the Oman tineids.
 Diagnosis (Figs 5-6): Wingspan 20-27 mm; head white, scales below antennae obliquely erect, the others directed to palpi; antennae white, scape with long white pecten, flagellomeres on upper side white, the opposite side dark grey, bipectinate, pectinations elongate and ciliate (Fig. 6); labial palpi on inside white, on outside grey; thorax and tegulae pale grey, tips of thorax and tegulae white; forewings pale grey with a pattern of white stripes. One straight stripe from base below costa to 1/3, a curved stripe below costa from 2/3 to apex, a stripe on base of fringe and an upwardly curved stripe from base at dorsum to beginning of fringe; hindwings grey. Some specimens with ground colour on forewings a darker grey.
 Male genitalia (Figs 33-35): Uncus large, apically rounded, with minute tip; tegumen broad, vinculum with short pointed saccus; gnathos arms long, apically rounded and fused; valva spatulate, ventral edge at first half straight, second half convexe to rounded apex, costal edge concave; apodeme strongly sclerotised, the sclerotisation prolonged rod-shaped inside the valva; phallus shorter than valva, slightly curved, apically incised, one side pointed, other side more or less rounded, with some minute teeth.
 Female genitalia: Unknown.
 Remarks: Superficially characterised by the bipectinate antennae.
description: Published as part of Gaedike, Reinhard, 2014, On the Tineidae of the Southern Arabian Peninsula and Sudan (Lepidoptera: Tineidae), pp. 193-219 in Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 64 (2) on page 206, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.64.2.193-219, http://zenodo.org/record/4753614
Knocking on Heaven’s Door? Protestantism and Suicide
Creators: name: Becker, Sascha O.
name: Woessmann, Ludger
name: Becker, Sascha O.
name: Woessmann, Ludger
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: Religion
subject: suicide
subject: Prussian economic history

description: We model the effect of Protestant vs. Catholic denomination in an economic theory of suicide, accounting for differences in religious-community integration, views about man’s impact on God’s grace, and the possibility of confessing sins. We test the theory using a unique micro-regional dataset of 452 counties in 19th - century Prussia, when religiousness was still pervasive. Our instrumental-variable model exploits the concentric dispersion of Protestantism around Wittenberg to circumvent selectivity bias. Protestantism had a substantial positive effect on suicide in 1816-21 and 1869-71. We address issues of bias from mental illness, misreporting, weather conditions, within-county heterogeneity, religious concentration, and gender composition.
INCREASING AUTONOMOUS MOTIVATION THROUGH NEEDS SATISFACTION DAILY DIARIES
Creators: name: To, Chan N.
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 52
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Students’ motivations to attend college have become increasingly extrinsic, prioritizing factors such as financial gain over learning and personal development (Eagan et al., 2016; Twenge & Donnelly, 2016). Extrinsic motivation has been associated with poor well-being and performance outcomes, including higher distress (Kasser & Ryan, 1996) and overlooking work quality (Kruglanski et al., 1977), while autonomous motivation (AM)— an expansion of intrinsic motivation (IM) including behavior partially and completely mediated internally (Ryan & Deci, 2000)— has been associated with better academic outcomes (e.g. Grolnick & Ryan, 1987; Miserandino, 1996; Ryan & Connell, 1989). The current study investigated whether a week-long daily diary intervention could increase AM to attend college by reflecting on needs satisfying experiences. According to Self-Determination Theory, humans have three basic psychological needs (i.e., autonomy, competence, relatedness), and needs satisfaction facilitates AM (Ryan, 1993). Contrasting previous AM interventions (e.g., Cheon et al., 2014; Jungert et al., 2018), the current intervention required no third party, long treatment time, nor environmental changes. Data analyses revealed the intervention did not increase AM, and IM for intervention completion had no effect on outcomes. Among those who completed all seven daily diaries, the intervention condition was higher in needs satisfaction than the control. Specifically, students saw a significant increase in relatedness satisfaction in the intervention condition. Study implications and directions for future research on accessible AM interventions are discussed.
Newton Law in Brane-World Scenario with 4d Induced Gravity: Singular Quantum Mechanical Approach
Creators: name: Park, D. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: From the viewpoint of the singular quantum mechanics the effect of the energy-dependent coupling constant for $δ$-function potential is examined. The energy-dependence of the coupling constant naturally generates the time-derivative in the boundary condition of the Euclidean propagator. This is explicitly confirmed by making use of the simple 1d model. The result is applied to the linearized gravity fluctuation equation for the brane-world scenario with 4d induced gravity. Our approach generates $5d$ Newton potential at a certain intermediate range of distance between two test massive sources. For other range of distance 4d Newton potential is recovered.
description: 11 pages, no figure, v2: Newton law is improved, will appear in PLB
title: Atypical choroid plexus papilloma – An interesting case
Creators: name: Bisht, Neha
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Neuroradiology
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: MR
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: Neoplasia
subject: Obstruction / Occlusion
subject: Clinical Case

description: Clinical History: A 5-year-old female child presented with an afebrile seizure, persistent headaches, vomiting, and altered mental status in the emergency room. The patient had been experiencing headaches and ataxia for the past 2 months. During the clinical examination, signs of raised intracranial pressure were observed, prompting a contrast-enhanced MRI to be recommended.

description: 5 years, female
Apalonia (Alopania) guyanensis Pace 2015, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Pace, Roberto
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Staphylinidae
Apalonia
Apalonia guyanensis

description: Apalonia (Alopania) guyanensis spec. nov.
(Figg. 31, 124)
 Materiale tipico: Holotypus , Guyane Fr., Caussade, 7.XI.2011, leg. T. Struyve (IRSNB).
 Descrizione: Lunghezza 2,5 mm. Corpo lucido e nerobruno, con i tre uroterghi liberi basali bruni; antenne brune, con i due antennomeri basali giallo-bruni; zampe giallo-rossicce. Occhi, in visione dorsale, più lunghi della regione postoculare. Secondo antennomero più breve del primo, terzo più lungo del secondo, quarto lungo quanto largo, dal quinto al decimo trasversi. Reticolazione di capo e pronoto superficiale, quella di elitre e addome non visibile. Granulosità di capo e pronoto fine e saliente, quella delle elitre fitta e molto superficiale, quella dell’addome visibile solo al margine posteriore di ciascun urotergo libero. Spermateca come in Fig. 124.
 Etimologia: La nuova specie prende il nome dalla Guyana Francese.
description: Published as part of Pace, Roberto, 2015, Introduzione alla conoscenza della sottofamiglia Aleocharinae nella Guyana Francese: Parte V (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae), pp. 131-156 in Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 65 (1) on page 142, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.65.1.75-84, http://zenodo.org/record/4753790
Multi-mode free-space delay interferometer with no refractive compensation elements for phase encoded QKD protocols
Creators: name: Tretiakov, V. V.
name: Kravtsov, K. S.
name: Klimov, A. N.
name: Kulik, S. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate compensation-free approach to the realization of multi-mode delay interferometers, mainly for use in phase encoded quantum key distribution (QKD). High interference visibility of spatially multimode beams in unbalanced Michelson or Mach-Zehnder interferometers with a relatively wide range of delays is achieved by the appropriate choice of the transverse size of the beam. We provide a simple theoretical model that gives a direct connection between the visibility of interference, the delay, and the beam parameters. The performed experimental study confirms our theoretical findings and demonstrates the measured visibility of up to 0.95 for the delay of 2 ns. Our approach's simplicity and robust performance make it a practical choice for the implementation of QKD systems, where a quantum signal is received over a multimode fiber. The important application of such configuration is an intermodal QKD system, where the free-space atmospheric communication channel is coupled into a span of the multimode fiber, delivering the spatially distorted beam to the remote receiver with minimal coupling loss.
description: 7 pages, 10 figures
Facebook Ads as a Demographic Tool to Measure the Urban-Rural Divide
Creators: name: Rama, Daniele
name: Mejova, Yelena
name: Tizzoni, Michele
name: Kalimeri, Kyriaki
name: Weber, Ingmar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the global move toward urbanization, making sure the people remaining in rural areas are not left behind in terms of development and policy considerations is a priority for governments worldwide. However, it is increasingly challenging to track important statistics concerning this sparse, geographically dispersed population, resulting in a lack of reliable, up-to-date data. In this study, we examine the usefulness of the Facebook Advertising platform, which offers a digital "census" of over two billions of its users, in measuring potential rural-urban inequalities. We focus on Italy, a country where about 30% of the population lives in rural areas. First, we show that the population statistics that Facebook produces suffer from instability across time and incomplete coverage of sparsely populated municipalities. To overcome such limitation, we propose an alternative methodology for estimating Facebook Ads audiences that nearly triples the coverage of the rural municipalities from 19% to 55% and makes feasible fine-grained sub-population analysis. Using official national census data, we evaluate our approach and confirm known significant urban-rural divides in terms of educational attainment and income. Extending the analysis to Facebook-specific user "interests" and behaviors, we provide further insights on the divide, for instance, finding that rural areas show a higher interest in gambling. Notably, we find that the most predictive features of income in rural areas differ from those for urban centres, suggesting researchers need to consider a broader range of attributes when examining rural wellbeing. The findings of this study illustrate the necessity of improving existing tools and methodologies to include under-represented populations in digital demographic studies -- the failure to do so could result in misleading observations, conclusions, and most importantly, policies.
description: To be published in the Proceedings of The Web Conference 2020 (WWW '20)
Wage Inequality, Minimum Wage Effects and Spillovers
Creators: name: Stewart, Mark B.
name: Stewart, Mark B.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: Financial Economics

description: This paper investigates possible spillover effects of the UK minimum wage. The halt in the growth in inequality in the lower half of the wage distribution (as measured by the 50:10 percentile ratio) since the mid 1990s, in contrast to the continued inequality growth in the upper half of the distribution, suggests the possibility of a minimum wage effect and spillover effects on wages above the minimum. This paper analyses individual wage changes, using both a difference-in-differences estimator and a specification involving cross-uprating comparisons, and concludes that there have not been minimum wage spillovers. Since the UK minimum wage has always been below the 10th percentile, this lack of spillovers implies that minimum wage changes have not had an effect on the 50:10 percentile ratio measure of inequality in the lower half of the wage distribution.
THERAPIST PREDICTORS OF TREATMENT COSTS AND OUTCOMES IN A PSYCHOLOGY TRAINING CLINIC: A MULTI-PERSPECTIVE COST-EFFECTIVENESS EVALUATION
Creators: name: Kacmarek, Corinne N.G.
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 52
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
classificationCode: 5203
subject: Clinical and health psychology
classificationCode: 5204
subject: Cognitive and computational psychology

description: Costs are a barrier to both providing and receiving mental health services. The present study evaluated the costs, effectiveness, and cost-effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) delivered in a training clinic (TC) at a private Mid-Atlantic university from the therapist, client, and summed perspectives. Although extant literature suggests that therapists differ in their treatment effectiveness, years of clinical experience has not consistently predicted treatment outcomes. We attempted to replicate findings that therapists, but not years of experience, have a statistically significant impact on self-reported distress. We also sought to extend this literature by examining effects of therapists and therapist clinical experience in a sample of predoctoral trainees in their 2nd or 3rd year of clinical training delivering CBT in a TC. Treatment costs were higher for 3rd-year, compared to 2nd-year, therapists from all perspectives. Also, treatment length interacted with therapist experience to significantly predict costs from the therapist perspective. A three-level hierarchical linear growth model revealed that approximately 10.6% of variance in outcomes was accounted for by between-therapist differences, therapist experience did not significantly predict distress reductions, and higher distress at baseline was associated with faster distress reductions. A probabilistic sensitivity analysis confirmed conclusions that therapists with two years of experience may be more cost-effective than therapists with three years of experience. However, CBT may be more cost-effective when delivered by 3rd-year therapists, relative to 2nd-year therapists, if decisionmakers are willing to pay an additional $35 to $60 for an additional one-point reduction on the OQ.
Structure and composition of inner crust of neutron stars from Gogny interactions
Creators: name: Mondal, C.
name: Viñas, X.
name: Centelles, M.
name: De, J. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The detailed knowledge of the inner crust properties of neutron stars might be important to explain different phenomena such as pulsar glitches or the possibility of an {\it r-process} site in neutron star mergers. It has been shown in the literature that quantal effects like shell correction or pairing may play a relevant role to determine the composition of the inner crust of the neutron star. In this paper we construct the equation of state of the inner crust using the finite-range Gogny interactions, where the mean field and the pairing field are calculated with same interaction. We have used the semiclassical Variational Wigner-Kirkwood method along with shell and pairing corrections calculated with the Strutinsky integral method and the BCS approximation, respectively. Our results are compared with those of some popular models from the literature. We report a unified equation of state of the inner crust and core computed with the D1M* Gogny force, which was specifically fabricated for astrophysical calculations.
description: 19 pages, 9 figures, Fig 9 updated and Tables are revised for Pressure
THERAPIST PREDICTORS OF TREATMENT COSTS AND OUTCOMES IN A PSYCHOLOGY TRAINING CLINIC: A MULTI-PERSPECTIVE COST-EFFECTIVENESS EVALUATION
Creators: name: Kacmarek, Corinne N.G.
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Costs are a barrier to both providing and receiving mental health services. The present study evaluated the costs, effectiveness, and cost-effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) delivered in a training clinic (TC) at a private Mid-Atlantic university from the therapist, client, and summed perspectives. Although extant literature suggests that therapists differ in their treatment effectiveness, years of clinical experience has not consistently predicted treatment outcomes. We attempted to replicate findings that therapists, but not years of experience, have a statistically significant impact on self-reported distress. We also sought to extend this literature by examining effects of therapists and therapist clinical experience in a sample of predoctoral trainees in their 2nd or 3rd year of clinical training delivering CBT in a TC. Treatment costs were higher for 3rd-year, compared to 2nd-year, therapists from all perspectives. Also, treatment length interacted with therapist experience to significantly predict costs from the therapist perspective. A three-level hierarchical linear growth model revealed that approximately 10.6% of variance in outcomes was accounted for by between-therapist differences, therapist experience did not significantly predict distress reductions, and higher distress at baseline was associated with faster distress reductions. A probabilistic sensitivity analysis confirmed conclusions that therapists with two years of experience may be more cost-effective than therapists with three years of experience. However, CBT may be more cost-effective when delivered by 3rd-year therapists, relative to 2nd-year therapists, if decisionmakers are willing to pay an additional $35 to $60 for an additional one-point reduction on the OQ.
NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL MEDIATORS OF TREATMENT FOR TRICHOTILLOMANIA: RESPONSE INHIBITION, SET SHIFTING, AND THE ROLE OF
Creators: name: Carlson, Emily J.
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: A randomized controlled trial (RCT) has provided evidence for the effectiveness of the Comprehensive Behavioral (ComB Model of Treatment for trichotillomania (TTM; Carlson, et al., 2021). To best understand the ComB treatment and the mechanisms through which it improves TTM symptoms, it is important to identify mediators of treatment effects. Research on the neuropsychology of TTM provides evidence that response inhibition and set shifting are areas of weakness in this population (Odlaug et al., 2013; Slikboer et al., 2013). Symptom improvement through the ComB intervention may be attributable to changes in these cognitive domains. Specifically, ComB aims to help clients reduce hairpulling by teaching them to recognize and resist urges (related to response inhibition) and replace pulling with alternative behaviors (related to set shifting). Research from Odlaug et al. (2012) provides evidence that age at onset may also be a relevant factor to understanding the neuropsychological mechanisms of TTM. The current study used data from an RCT of ComB to examine response inhibition and set shifting as mediating mechanisms of treatment with age of onset as a moderator. Results were nearly all nonsignificant, providing little to no evidence of a relationship between TTM symptoms and response inhibition or set shifting or a moderated mediation of treatment effects. Research on possible subtypes of TTM and frequent comorbidities indicate that these factors may explain inconsistent findings across research examining the neuropsychology of TTM.
Classroom Games in Economics: A Quantitative Assessment of the ‘Beer Game’
Creators: name: McMahon, Michael
name: McMahon, Michael
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: Classroom experiments and games
subject: motivation
subject: student learning outcomes

description: Using an experiment, I compare the use of the ‘Beer Distribution’ classroom game with the more traditional ‘chalk and talk’ approach to teach students about inventories and the macroeconomy. My empirical results confirm and extend our understanding of the relative strengths and weaknesses of the use of classroom games: the game tends to improve interest and motivation on average, though some students dislike their use; the game is effective at driving home its key messages, but it may wrongly lead students to disregard other important factors; the game is inferior where facts mastery or definitional learning is required. Rather than an endorsement or a criticism of classroom games, the conclusion is cautionary advice on how to best make use of games within an overall course.
Additional file 13 of Dysbiosis of skin microbiome and gut microbiome in melanoma progression
Creators: name: Mekadim, Chahrazed
name: Skalnikova, Helena Kupcova
name: Cizkova, Jana
name: Cizkova, Veronika
name: Palanova, Anna
name: Horak, Vratislav
name: Mrazek, Jakub
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Physiology
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Additional file 13. Principal ComponentAnalysis (PCA) of the predicted functional pathways at KEGG level 2 a) betweenthe healthy skin microbiome and melanoma tissue microbiome, b) between melanomaprogression and melanoma regression in melanoma tissue microbiome, c) betweenthe faecal microbiome of MeLiM piglets and faecal microbiome of crossbredpiglets and d) between the faecal microbiome of MeLiM piglets with melanomaprogression and MeLiM piglets with melanoma regression using the STAMP softwarebased on Non-corrected Welch'st-test type two-sided, with the confidenceinterval (CI)methodofWelch's invertedadjustment of 0.95(p< 0.05).
NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL MEDIATORS OF TREATMENT FOR TRICHOTILLOMANIA: RESPONSE INHIBITION, SET SHIFTING, AND THE ROLE OF
Creators: name: Carlson, Emily J.
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 52
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
classificationCode: 5203
subject: Clinical and health psychology

description: A randomized controlled trial (RCT) has provided evidence for the effectiveness of the Comprehensive Behavioral (ComB Model of Treatment for trichotillomania (TTM; Carlson, et al., 2021). To best understand the ComB treatment and the mechanisms through which it improves TTM symptoms, it is important to identify mediators of treatment effects. Research on the neuropsychology of TTM provides evidence that response inhibition and set shifting are areas of weakness in this population (Odlaug et al., 2013; Slikboer et al., 2013). Symptom improvement through the ComB intervention may be attributable to changes in these cognitive domains. Specifically, ComB aims to help clients reduce hairpulling by teaching them to recognize and resist urges (related to response inhibition) and replace pulling with alternative behaviors (related to set shifting). Research from Odlaug et al. (2012) provides evidence that age at onset may also be a relevant factor to understanding the neuropsychological mechanisms of TTM. The current study used data from an RCT of ComB to examine response inhibition and set shifting as mediating mechanisms of treatment with age of onset as a moderator. Results were nearly all nonsignificant, providing little to no evidence of a relationship between TTM symptoms and response inhibition or set shifting or a moderated mediation of treatment effects. Research on possible subtypes of TTM and frequent comorbidities indicate that these factors may explain inconsistent findings across research examining the neuropsychology of TTM.
How Experts Decide: Identifying Preferences versus Signals from Policy Decisions
Creators: name: Hansen, Stephen
name: McMahon, Michael
name: Hansen, Stephen
name: McMahon, Michael
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: Bayesian decision making
subject: Committees
subject: Monetary Policy

description: A large theoretical literature assumes that experts differ in terms of preferences and the distribution of their private signals, but the empirical literature to date has not separately identified them. This paper proposes a novel way of doing so by relating the probability a member chooses a particular policy decision to the prior belief that it is correct. We then apply this methodology to study differences between internal and external members on the Bank of England’s Monetary Policy Committee. Using a variety of proxies for the prior, we provide evidence that they differ significantly on both dimensions.
Apalonia gnypetoides Pace 2015, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Pace, Roberto
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Staphylinidae
Apalonia
Apalonia gnypetoides

description: Apalonia gnypetoides spec. nov.
(Figg. 34, 130–131)
 Materiale tipico: Holotypus , Guyane Fr., Coralie, 15.XI.2011, leg. T. Struyve (SDEI).
Paratype: 1 , stessa provenienza (IRSNB).
 Descrizione: Lunghezza 2,8 mm. Corpo lucido e bruno, con capo nero, base e margine posteriore delle elitre giallo-bruni e i due uroterghi liberi basali giallo-rossicci; antenne giallo-rossicce con antennomeri dal quarto al sesto giallo-bruni; zampe gialle. Occhi, in visione dorsale, più lunghi della regione postoculare. Secondo antennomero più breve del primo, terzo più lungo del secondo, quarto e quinto più lunghi che larghi, sesto lungo quanto largo, dal settimo al decimo trasversi. Reticolazione del capo superficiale, quella del pronoto evidente, quella di elitre e addome non visibile. Punteggiatura di capo e pronoto quasi invisibile, quella delle elitre fine e superficiale, quella dell’addome visibile solo al margine posteriore di ciascun urotergo libero. Edeago come in Figg. 130–131.
 Etimologia: Il nome della nuova specie significa “Con habitus di Gnypeta ”. Gnypeta è un genere degli Athetini.
description: Published as part of Pace, Roberto, 2015, Introduzione alla conoscenza della sottofamiglia Aleocharinae nella Guyana Francese: Parte V (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae), pp. 131-156 in Beiträge Zur Entomologie = Contributions to Entomology 65 (1) on page 143, DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.65.1.75-84, http://zenodo.org/record/4753790
title: Biomagnetic field measurements and their interpretation using the dipole in a sphere model.
Creators: name: Janday, Balwinder S
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 1988

description: Although biomagnetism has advanced considerably in the last twenty years in terms of instrumentation and application, the fundamental requirement of relating the detected field to the underlying sources still has to rely on simple models. Most often the current dipole in a conducting sphere model is used. The exact geometry of the system under study is often ignored and clinically crucial decisions may be taken without understanding the limitations of this model. The work described in this thesis assesses those limitations, first by analysis of physical model generated data using the dipole in a sphere model. Dipole location, orientation, strength and sphere centre location were parameters used to fit calculated data to real data iteratively. These calculations were fully corrected for detector coil size and geometry. The systems investigated included whole and partial spheres and gel filled skulls. Dipoles placed in close proximity to boundaries were more difficult to fit to the dipole in a sphere model than those further away. As the boundary itself became more distinctly non- spherical, this difficulty increased. A goodness of fit parameter (R) was defined indicating accuracy of signal fitting. Surprisingly, in some examples, a low K value could be obtained for a poor set of predicted dipole parameters. However, if the fitting procedure incorporates the model sphere centre position as additional fitting parameters and a search is made through model sphere centre parameter space the effect of these (fortuitously) low K values could be avoided. The second half of the work applies the lessons of the first half to real biological systems. Magnetic fields emanating from a developing chick egg change during development. The egg provides a convenient system to investigate ionic fluxes involved with development and to test the appropriateness of the single dipole in a conducting sphere model in determining the source generators. Finally the human visual evoked response was used to Investigate the retinotopic representation of the cortex. The source locations suggested by this work using magnetic fields support earlier work which used electrical potential measurements, though a significant temporal difference of peak power between the two sets of sources is predicted by analysis of the data available from the two techniques.