cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Photonic entanglement as a resource in quantum computation and quantum communication
Creators: name: Prevedel, Robert
name: Aspelmeyer, Markus
name: Brukner, Caslav
name: Jennewein, Thomas
name: Zeilinger, Anton
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Entanglement is an essential resource in current experimental implementations for quantum information processing. We review a class of experiments exploiting photonic entanglement, ranging from one-way quantum computing over quantum communication complexity to long-distance quantum communication. We then propose a set of feasible experiments that will underline the advantages of photonic entanglement for quantum information processing.
description: 33 pages, 4 figures, OSA style
Field Induced Multiple Reentrant Quantum Phase Transitions in Randomly Dimerized Antiferromagnetic S=1/2 Heisenberg Chains
Creators: name: Hida, Kazuo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The multiple reentrant quantum phase transitions in the $S=1/2$ antiferromagnetic Heisenberg chains with random bond alternation in the magnetic field are investigated by the density matrix renormalization group method combined with the interchain mean field approximation. It is assumed that the odd-th bond is antiferromagnetic with strength $J$ and even-th bond can take the values ${\JS}$ and ${\JW}$ $ ({\JS} > J > {\JW} > 0)$ randomly with probability $p$ and $1-p$, respectively. The pure version ($p=0$ and $p=1$) of this model has a spin gap but exhibits a field induced antiferromagnetism in the presence of interchain coupling if Zeeman energy due to the magnetic field exceeds the spin gap. For $0 < p < 1$, the antiferromagnetism is induced by randomness at small field region where the ground state is disordered due to the spin gap in the pure case. At the same time, this model exhibits randomness induced plateaus at several values of magnetization. The antiferromagnetism is destroyed on the plateaus. As a consequence, we find a series of reentrant quantum phase transitions between the transverse antiferromagnetic phases and disordered plateau phases with the increase of the magnetic field for moderate strength of interchain coupling. Above the main plateaus, the magnetization curve consists of a series of small plateaus and the jumps between them, It is also found that the antiferromagnetism is induced by infinitesimal interchain coupling at the jumps between the small plateaus. We conclude that this antiferromagnetism is supported by the mixing of low lying excited states by the staggered interchain mean field even though the spin correlation function is short ranged in the ground state of each chain.
description: 5 pages, 8 figures
Deconfining Phase Transition on Lattices with Boundaries at Low Temperature
Creators: name: Bazavov, Alexei
name: Berg, Bernd A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In lattice gauge theory (LGT) equilibrium simulations of QCD are usually performed with periodic boundary conditions (BCs). In contrast to that deconfined regions created in heavy ion collisions are bordered by the confined phase. Here we discuss BCs in LGT, which model a cold exterior of the lattice volume. Subsequently we perform Monte Carlo (MC) simulations of pure SU(3) LGT with a thus inspired simple change of BCs using volumes of a size comparable to those typically encountered in the BNL relativistic heavy ion collider (RHIC) experiment. Corrections to the usual LGT results survive in the finite volume continuum limit and we estimate them as function of the volume size. In magnitude they are found comparable to those of including quarks. As observables we use a pseudocritical temperature, which rises opposite to the effect of quarks, and the width of the transition, which broadens similar to the effect of quarks.
description: A section about boundary conditions has been added. Extended MC calculations. 8 pages, 7 figures
Προσδιορισμός πολυκυκλικών αρωματικών υδρογονανθράκων σε αιωρούμενα σωματίδια ΡΜ10 στην ατμόσφαιρα του λιμανιού του Βόλου
Creators: name: Χελιώτη-Χατζηδημητρίου, Αντιγόνη Ιωάννη
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2015
Subjects: ΠΑΥ (Πολυκυκλικοί αρωματικοί υδρογονάνθρακες)
ΡΜ10 (Particulate matter 10)
Λιμάνια
PAHs (Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons)
PM10 (Particulate matter 10)
Ports

description: Μελετήθηκε η παρουσία των Πολυκυκλικών Αρωματικών Υδρογονανθράκων (ΠΑΥ) στην ατμόσφαιρα του λιμανιού του Βόλου, από τον Ιανουάριο του 2014 μέχρι τον Φεβρουάριο του 2015. Σκοπός της διπλωματικής εργασίας ήταν η ανίχνευση και ποσοτικοποίηση των ΠΑΥ στα εισπνεύσιμα αιωρούμενα σωματίδια της ατμόσφαιρας, καθώς και η εκτίμηση των επιπτώσεων της παρουσίας τους, στην υγεία των κατοίκων της περιοχής. Ο προσδιορισμός τους πραγματοποιήθηκε με τη χρήση HPLC-FD. Η μέση ετήσια τιμή του Σ15ΠΑΥ έφτασε τα 5,65 ng m-3, ενώ η μέση ετήσια τιμή B[a]Py ήταν τα 0,492 ng m-3. Οι συγκεντρώσεις όλων των ΠΑΥ παρουσιάζουν σημαντική εποχιακή διακύμανση. Κυρίαρχες ενώσεις είναι τα IPy, B[b]Fl, B[ghi]Pe τόσο στην ψυχρή όσο και στη θερμή περίοδο, με εξαίρεση το Ph που υπερέχει όλων κατά τη θερμή περίοδο. Οι μεγαλύτερες συγκεντρώσεις παρατηρούνται στην αρχή της εβδομάδας και πριν το Σαββατοκύριακο, ενώ υπάρχει σαφής μείωσή τους την Κυριακή. Κατά την ψυχρή περίοδο η κίνηση των οχημάτων είναι κατά πάσα πιθανότητα η μεγαλύτερη πηγή προέλευσης των ΠΑΥ, ενώ κατά τη θερμή περίοδο τα πλοία συνεισφέρουν σε μεγαλύτερο βαθμό στις συγκεντρώσεις τους.
description: The presence of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the atmosphere of the port of Volos, was studied from January 2014 until February 2015. The aim of the present study was the detection and quantification of PAHs in the inhalable particulate matter in the atmosphere, as well as the estimation of the impact of their presence in the health of the local residents. The determination of PAHs was performed by using HPLC-FD. The annual average of Σ15PAΗs was 5.65 ng m-3, while the annual average of B[a]Py was 0.492 ng m-3. The concentrations of all PAHs show significant seasonal variation. Major compounds are IPy, B [b] Fl, B [ghi] Pe both in cold and warm period, except Ph that excels all PAHs during the warm season. The higher concentrations observed at the beginning of the week before the weekend, and there is a clear decline on Sunday. During the cold period the movement of vehicles is probably the largest source of PAHs, while during the warm period ships contribute to a greater extent in their concentrations.
Mapa Lingüístico de Bolivia
Creators: name: Gallinate, Gabriel A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: lenguas de bolivia
mapa lingüístico

description: Este es un mapa de las lenguas bolivianas que diseñé en base a mapas previos como el de Luis Rodriguez & Herlan Ayreyu Cuellar (2000), además de ubicaciones indicadas en las gramáticas, diccionarios y artículos modernos.
Benchmarking adaptive variational quantum eigensolvers
Creators: name: Claudino, Daniel
name: Wright, Jerimiah
name: McCaskey, Alexander J.
name: Humble, Travis S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By design, the variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) strives to recover the lowest-energy eigenvalue of a given Hamiltonian by preparing quantum states guided by the variational principle. In practice, the prepared quantum state is indirectly assessed by the value of the associated energy. Novel adaptive derivative-assembled pseudo-trotter (ADAPT) ansatz approaches and recent formal advances now establish a clear connection between the theory of quantum chemistry and the quantum state ansatz used to solve the electronic structure problem. Here we benchmark the accuracy of VQE and ADAPT-VQE to calculate the electronic ground states and potential energy curves for a few selected diatomic molecules, namely H$_2$, NaH, and KH. Using numerical simulation, we find both methods provide good estimates of the energy and ground state, but only ADAPT-VQE proves to be robust to particularities in optimization methods. Another relevant finding is that gradient-based optimization is overall more economical and delivers superior performance than analogous simulations carried out with gradient-free optimizers. The results also identify small errors in the prepared state fidelity which show an increasing trend with molecular size.
description: 12 pages, 11 figures. Submitted to Frontiers in Chemistry special issue on Quantum Information and Quantum Computing for Chemical Systems
Ενημερωμένο αριθμητικό μοντέλο γέφυρας και έλεγχοι σεισμικής συμπεριφοράς
Creators: name: Εκμεκτσόγλου, Κυριάκος Παντελή
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2015
Subjects: Γέφυρα
Ενημέρωση μοντέλου
Σεισμικοί έλεγχοι
Bridge
Model updating
Seismic assessment

description: Δημιουργήθηκε το αριθμητικό μοντέλο πλάστιμης χαραδρογέφυρας τριών ανοιγμάτων, οπλισμένου σκυροδέματος και κιβωτιοειδούς προεντεταμένης διατομής καταστρώματος μεταβλητού ύψους. Βάσει αναγνωρισμένων τιμών των ιδιοσυχνοτήτων της οι οποίες προήλθαν από μελέτες αναγνώρισης περιορισμένης κλίμακας, το μοντέλο ενημερώθηκε εμπειρικά, με τελικό επίπεδο απόκλισης +6/-6,5%. Το ενημερωμένο μοντέλο υπεβλήθη σε σειρά σεισμικών διεγέρσεων που περιλαμβάνουν το ελαστικό φάσμα απόκρισης του EC8 υπό μορφή ιδιομορφικής ανάλυσης, ομάδα 7 αντιπροσωπευτικών φυσικών καταγραφών τριών συνιστωσών και ζεύγος τεχνητών επιταχυνσιογραφημάτων βασισμένων στο φάσμα ελαστικής απόκρισης του EC8. Από τα αποτελέσματα αποκτήθηκε γενικότερη εποπτεία της δυναμικής συμπεριφοράς της κατασκευής, επιβεβαιώθηκε η επάρκεια της αντοχής των μεσοβάθρων και παρουσιάστηκαν ενδείξεις της ευνοϊκής συνεισφοράς της απόσβεσης των εφεδράνων τριβής στα αναπτυσσόμενα φορτία.
description: A box girder post-tensioned ductile R/C ravine bridge is simulated. The deck is modeled using 2D shell elements whereas the piers are modeled with 1D frame elements. The model is updated using simple empirical procedure based on readily available identified eigenfrequency -but not modal- data. The updating procedure achieved a convergence of +6/-6.5% between the calculated and the identified eigenfrequences. In order to get insight of the actual seismic behavior and adequacy of the bridge the empirically updated model is subjected to a series of earthquake loads: Modal superposition using the appropriate EC-8 elastic response spectrum, time history analyses for a suite of 7 three dimensional selected acceleration histories and a time history analysis using a pair of artificial acceleration histories fully compatible with the EC8 elastic response spectrum. Upon inspecting the results, valuable insight of the seismic behavior of the bridge was gained, the pier strength adequacy was ensured and it was suggested that the amount of energy dissipated by the friction bearings at the abutments usually modeled as free sliders was, in this case, enough to reduce the response quantities by a not negligible amount.
Advancing Behavior Engineering: Toward Integrated Events Modeling
Creators: name: Al-Fedaghi, Sabah
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The term behavior engineering (BE) encompasses a broad integration of behavioral and compositional requirements needed to model large-scale systems. BE forms a connection between systems-engineering processes and software-engineering processes. In software engineering, interpreting requirements can be perceived as specifying behavior, which is viewed in terms of chronology of events in the modeled system. In this paper, we adopt BE in its general and integrating sense to search for a unifying notion of an event as a fundamental behavior-modeling concept. We examine several bodies of research with various definitions of an event and its basic units and structure. We use the thinging machine (TM) model to analyze notions related to events, including Dromey s behavior trees, fluents (change over time), recurrent events, and Davidson s events. The results point to an underlying meaning that can lead to a unifying event concept.
description: 13 pages, 35 figures
Neutrino astrophysics: A new tool for exploring the universe
Creators: name: Waxman, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the past four decades a new type of astronomy has emerged, where instead of looking up into the sky "telescopes" are buried miles underground or deep under water or ice and search not for photons (that is, light), but rather for particles called neutrinos. Neutrinos are nearly massless particles that interact very weakly with matter. The detection of neutrinos emitted by the Sun and by a nearby supernova provided direct tests of the theory of stellar evolution and led to modifications of the standard model describing the properties of elementary particles. At present, several very large neutrino detectors are being constructed, aiming at the detection of the most powerful sources of energy and particles in the universe. The hope is that the detection of neutrinos from these sources, which are extra-Galactic and are most likely powered by mass accretion onto black-holes, will not only allow study of the sources, but, much like solar neutrinos, will also provide new information about fundamental properties of matter.
description: Perspective article, Science Special Issue on "particle astrophysics" (Jan 2007)
KELT-11 b: Abundances of water and constraints on carbon-bearing molecules from the Hubble transmission spectrum
Creators: name: Changeat, Quentin
name: Edwards, Billy
name: Al-Refaie, Ahmed F.
name: Morvan, Mario
name: Tsiaras, Angelos
name: Waldmann, Ingo P.
name: Tinetti, Giovanna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the past decade, the analysis of exoplanet atmospheric spectra has revealed the presence of water vapour in almost all the planets observed, with the exception of a fraction of overcast planets. Indeed, water vapour presents a large absorption signature in the wavelength coverage of the Hubble Space Telescope's (HST) Wide Field Camera 3 (WFC3), which is the main space-based observatory for atmospheric studies of exoplanets, making its detection very robust. However, while carbon-bearing species such as methane, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide are also predicted from current chemical models, their direct detection and abundance characterisation has remained a challenge. Here we analyse the transmission spectrum of the puffy, clear hot-Jupiter KELT-11 b from the HST WFC3 camera. We find that the spectrum is consistent with the presence of water vapor and an additional absorption at longer wavelengths than 1.5um, which could well be explained by a mix of carbon bearing molecules. CO2, when included is systematically detected. One of the main difficulties to constrain the abundance of those molecules is their weak signatures across the HST WFC3 wavelength coverage, particularly when compared to those of water. Through a comprehensive retrieval analysis, we attempt to explain the main degeneracies present in this dataset and explore some of the recurrent challenges that are occurring in retrieval studies (e.g: the impact of model selection, the use of free vs self-consistent chemistry and the combination of instrument observations). Our results make this planet an exceptional example of chemical laboratory where to test current physical and chemical models of hot-Jupiters' atmospheres.
description: 24 pages, 14 figures, Accepted in AJ
A dynamically cold disk galaxy in the early Universe
Creators: name: Rizzo, F.
name: Vegetti, S.
name: Powell, D.
name: Fraternali, F.
name: McKean, J. P.
name: Stacey, H. R.
name: White, S. D. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The extreme astrophysical processes and conditions that characterize the early Universe are expected to result in young galaxies that are dynamically different from those observed today. This is because the strong effects associated with galaxy mergers and supernova explosions would lead to most young star-forming galaxies being dynamically hot, chaotic and strongly unstable. Here we report the presence of a dynamically cold, but highly star-forming, rotating disk in a galaxy at redshift ($z$) 4.2, when the Universe was just 1.4 billion years old. Galaxy SPT-S J041839-4751.9 is strongly gravitationally lensed by a foreground galaxy at $z = 0.263$, and it is a typical dusty starburst, with global star-forming and dust properties that are in agreement with current numerical simulations and observations of its galaxy population. Interferometric imaging at a spatial resolution of about 60 pc reveals a ratio of rotational-to-random motions of $V/σ= 9.7\pm 0.4$, which is at least four times larger than expected from any galaxy evolution model at this epoch, but similar to the ratios of spiral galaxies in the local Universe. We derive a rotation curve with the typical shape of nearby massive spiral galaxies, which demonstrates that at least some young galaxies are dynamically akin to those observed in the local Universe, and only weakly affected by extreme physical processes.
description: Published in Nature on 12 August 2020. The published version is available at http://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-020-2572-6
Συμβολικά Αυτόματα και Εφαρμογές
Creators: name: Σεραφείμ, Δέσποινα Δημητρίου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2015
Subjects: Συμβολικά Αυτόματα
Αλγόριθμοι Ελαχιστοποίησης
Εφαρμογές Συμβολικών Αυτομάτων
Symbolic Automata
Minimization Algorithms
Applications of Symbolic Automata

description: Τα πεπερασμένα αυτόματα είναι ακρογωνιαίος λίθος στην επιστήμη της Θεωρητικής Πληροφορικής. Χρησιμοποιούνται σε πολλά πεδία, όπως η συντακτική ανάλυση και η επαλήθευση του λογισμικού και του υλικού των πρωτοκόλλων. Αυτά τα πεπερασμένα αυτόματα μπορούν να επεκταθούν σε πεπερασμένα συμβολικά αυτόματα και να γίνουν πιο αποδοτικά και εύχρηστα. Στην διπλωματική αυτή ασχολούμαστε με δύο είδη συμβολικών αυτομάτων και κάποιες εφαρμογές τους. Αρχικά, αναπτύσσουμε τη θεωρία που σχετίζεται με τα συμβολικά αυτόματα με άλγεβρες. Αυτή η θεωρία θα μας φανεί χρήσιμη για να εξηγήσουμε τους αλγόριθμους ελαχιστοποίησης των αυτομάτων αυτών. Στη συνέχεια, αναπτύσσουμε τη θεωρία που σχετίζεται με συμβολικά αυτόματα με μεγάλα αλφάβητα. Στο δεύτερο μέρος της διπλωματικής, παρουσιάζουμε δύο εφαρμογές των αυτομάτων με άλγεβρες. Τέλος, παραθέτουμε την εκτέλεση ενός αλγορίθμου βασισμένου στα συμβολικά αυτόματα με αλφάβητα.
description: Finite automata are a corner stone of Computer Science. They are used in many fields, such as syntactic analysis and verification of hardware and software protocols. These finite automata can be extended to symbolic finite automata and as a result they may be more efficient and easy to use. In this thesis we are dealing with two types of symbolic finite automata and some of their applications. Initially, in order to achieve that goal, we are developing the theory that is related to symbolic automata over algebras. This theory is useful as a means to explain the minimization algorithms which are used so as to minimize such kinds of automata. Subsequently, we are developing the theory that is related to symbolic automata over large alphabets. At the second part of our thesis, we are presenting two applications which are based on symbolic automata over algebras. Finally, we are presenting the implementation of an algorithm based on symbolic automata over large alphabets
Determinable Solutions for One-dimensional Quantum Potentials: Scattering, Quasi-bound and Bound State Problems
Creators: name: Lee, Hwasung
name: Lee, Y. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive analytic expressions of the recursive solutions to the Schrödinger's equation by means of a cutoff potential technique for one-dimensional piecewise constant potentials. These solutions provide a method for accurately determining the transmission probabilities as well as the wave function in both classically accessible region and inaccessible region for any barrier potentials. It is also shown that the energy eigenvalues and the wave functions of bound states can be obtained for potential-well structures by exploiting this method. Calculational results of illustrative examples are shown in order to verify this method for treating barrier and potential-well problems.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures, Currected typos and clarified the discussion of double square well
The development of DAPPAM, a glass fibre cable bolt
Creators: name: Peterson, Donald Allan
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: An iterative test program was developed between Pacific Pultrusions and the Mining & Mineral Process Engineering Department at the University of British Columbia. The program focused on the research and development of a commercially competitive composite cable bolt for mining applications. Laboratory testing consisted of tensile, preliminary shear, compression, grout column and Instron testing in addition to observations through the use of the scanning electron microscope at the University of British Columbia. Additional laboratory testing was completed at the United States Bureau of Mines (Spokane) for the purpose of destructive tensile testing and modified shear testing. Trial installations using prototype cable bolts were completed at four mines throughout Canada. An optimum prototype, known as DAPPAM, was developed, tested and is currently being marketed. The physical properties of the cable bolt are given. A market analysis of current cable bolt usage in Canada is presented.
Eccentric-orbit extreme-mass-ratio-inspiral radiation II: 1PN correction to leading-logarithm and subleading-logarithm flux sequences and the entire perturbative 4PN flux
Creators: name: Munna, Christopher
name: Evans, Charles R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a recent paper we showed that for eccentric-orbit extreme-mass-ratio inspirals the analytic forms of the leading-logarithm energy and angular momentum post-Newtonian (PN) flux terms (radiated to infinity) can, to arbitrary PN order, be determined by sums over the Fourier spectrum of the Newtonian quadrupole moment. We further showed that an essential part of the eccentricity dependence of the related subleading-logarithm PN sequences, at lowest order in the symmetric mass ratio $ν$, stems as well from the Newtonian quadrupole moment. Once that part is factored out, the remaining eccentricity dependence is more easily determined by black hole perturbation theory. In this paper we show how the sequences that are the 1PN corrections to the entire leading-logarithm series, namely terms that appear at PN orders $x^{3k+1} \log^k(x)$ and $x^{3k+5/2} \log^k(x)$ (for PN compactness parameter $x$ and integers $k\ge 0$), at lowest order in $ν$, are determined by the Fourier spectra of the Newtonian mass octupole, Newtonian current quadrupole, and 1PN part of the mass quadrupole moments. We also develop a conjectured (but plausible) form for 1PN correction to the leading logs at second order in $ν$. Further, in analogy to the first paper, we show that these same source multipole moments also yield nontrivial parts of the 1PN correction to the subleading-logarithm series, and that the remaining eccentricity dependence (at lowest order in $ν$) can then more easily be determined using black hole perturbation theory. We use this method to determine the entire analytic eccentricity dependence of the perturbative (i.e., lowest order in $ν$) 4PN non-log terms, $\mathcal{R}_4(e_t)$ and $\mathcal{Z}_4(e_t)$, for energy and angular momentum respectively.
description: 36 pages, 1 figure
Existence and Vanishing of the Breathing Mode in Strongly Correlated Finite Systems
Creators: name: Henning, C.
name: Fujioka, K.
name: Ludwig, P.
name: Piel, A.
name: Melzer, A.
name: Bonitz, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of the fundamental eigenmodes of finite interacting systems is the mode of {\em uniform radial expansion and contraction} -- the ``breathing'' mode (BM). Here we show in a general way that this mode exists only under special conditions: i) for harmonically trapped systems with interaction potentials of the form $1/r^γ$ $(γ\in\mathbb{R}_{\neq0})$ or $\log(r)$, or ii) for some systems with special symmetry such as single shell systems forming platonic bodies. Deviations from the BM are demonstrated for two examples: clusters interacting with a Lennard-Jones potential and parabolically trapped systems with Yukawa repulsion. We also show that vanishing of the BM leads to the occurence of multiple monopole oscillations which is of importance for experiments.
Physical Hamiltonian for mimetic gravity
Creators: name: de Cesare, Marco
name: Husain, Viqar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Starting from a local action for mimetic gravity that includes higher derivatives of a scalar field $ϕ$, we derive a gauge-fixed canonical action of the theory in the ADM canonical formalism in the time gauge $ϕ=t$. This reduced action reveals (i) a non-vanishing conserved physical Hamiltonian that is a sum of two terms, the expression for the Hamiltonian constraint of general relativity and a function of the expansion scalar, and (ii) a reduced symplectic structure that geometrically provides the Dirac brackets. As applications of our general analysis, we compute the physical Hamiltonians and canonical equations for perturbations around Minkowski spacetime, homogeneous cosmologies, and spherically symmetric spacetimes.
description: 23 pages
Mean-field concept and direct numerical simulations of rotating magnetoconvection and the geodynamo
Creators: name: Schrinner, M.
name: Raedler, K. -H.
name: Schmitt, D.
name: Rheinhardt, M.
name: Christensen, U. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A comparison is made between mean-field models and direct numerical simulations of rotating magnetoconvection and the geodynamo. The mean-field coefficients are calculated with the fluid velocity taken from the direct numerical simulations. The magnetic fields resulting from mean-field models are then compared with the mean magnetic field from the direct numerical simulations.
Giant Magnetoresistance in an all-oxide spacerless junction
Creators: name: Singh, Mangala Prasad
name: Carvello, Baptiste
name: Ranno, Laurent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the fabrication of an oxide-specific type of magnetoresistive junction, which is a ferromagnetic bilayer. Both electrodes are high spin-polarization oxides: magnetite (Fe3O4) and manganite (La0.7Sr0.3MnO3). Negligible magnetic coupling between both ferromagnetic electrodes is realised, which allows to obtain parallel and antiparallel magnetic configurations of the electrodes when sweeping the applied magnetic field. The structure exhibits negative giant magnetoresistance (GMR) at low temperatures. This negative MR shows that both electrodes stay spin-polarized at the interface and have opposite spin polarizations, i.e. the Fe3O4 layer has a negative spin polarization at low temperature. Maximum GMR (-5%) is obtained at 55K.
description: The following article appeared in Applied Physics Letters and may be found at http://link.aip.org/link/APPLAB/v89/p022504 . Copyright 2006 American Institute of Physics. This article may be downloaded for personal use only. Any other use requires prior permission of the author and the American Institute of Physics
Neutrino astronomy and gamma-ray bursts
Creators: name: Waxman, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The construction of large volume detectors of high energy, >1 TeV, neutrinos is mainly driven by the search for extra-Galactic neutrino sources. The existence of such sources is implied by observations of ultra-high energy, >10^{19} eV, cosmic-rays, the origin of which is a mystery. In this lecture I briefly discuss the expected extra-Galactic neutrino signal and the current state of the experimental efforts. Neutrino emission from gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), which are likely sources of both high energy protons and neutrinos, is discussed in some detail. The detection of the predicted GRB neutrino signal, which may become possible in the coming few years, will allow one to identify the sources of ultra-high energy cosmic-rays and to resolve open questions related to the underlying physics of GRB models. Moreover, detection of GRB neutrinos will allow one to test for neutrino properties (e.g. flavor oscillations and coupling to gravity) with an accuracy many orders of magnitude better than is currently possible.
description: Review, R. Soc. Discussion Meeting on GRBs (To appear in Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. A)
An asymmetric shock wave in the 2006 outburst of the recurrent nova RS Ophiuchi
Creators: name: O'Brien, T. J.
name: Bode, M. F.
name: Porcas, R. W.
name: Muxlow, T. W. B.
name: Eyres, S. P. S.
name: Beswick, R. J.
name: Garrington, S. T.
name: Davis, R. J.
name: Evans, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nova outbursts take place in binary star systems comprising a white dwarf and either a low-mass Sun-like star or, as in the case of the recurrent nova RS Ophiuchi, a red giant. Although the cause of these outbursts is known to be thermonuclear explosion of matter transferred from the companion onto the surface of the white dwarf, models of the previous (1985) outburst of RS Ophiuchi failed to adequately fit the X-ray evolution and there was controversy over a single-epoch high-resolution radio image, which suggested that the remnant was bipolar rather than spherical as modelled. Here we report the detection of spatially resolved structure in RS Ophiuchi from two weeks after its 12 February 2006 outburst. We track an expanding shock wave as it sweeps through the red giant wind, producing a remnant similar to that of a type II supernova but evolving over months rather than millennia. As in supernova remnants, the radio emission is non-thermal (synchrotron emission), but asymmetries and multiple emission components clearly demonstrate that contrary to the assumptions of spherical symmetry in models of the 1985 explosion, the ejection is jet-like, collimated by the central binary whose orientation on the sky can be determined from these observations.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures, accepted by Nature
Wavefunctional approach to the bilayer ν=1 system and a possibility for a double non-chiral pseudospin liquid
Creators: name: Milovanovic, M. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We systematically discuss candidate wave functions for the ground state of the bilayer ν= 1 as the distance between the layers is varied. Those that describe increased intralayer correlations at finite distance show a departure from the superflid description for smaller distances. They may support finite energy meron excitations and a dissipative collective mode in the place of the Goldstone mode of the ordered phase i.e. describe a vortex metal phase, or imply even an incompressible, pseudospin liquid, behavior. Therefore they describe possible outcomes of quantum disordering at finite distance between the layers. The vortex metal phase may show up in experiments in the presence of disorder at lower temperatures and explain the observed "imperfect superfluidity", and the pseudospin liquid phase may be the cause of the thermally activated (gapped) behavior of the longitudinal and Hall resistances at higher temperatures in counterflow experiments.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures
Wild trees - discover and... eat - Dzikie poznajemy i... jemy
Creators: name: Klub Gaja Association
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: edible trees
edible bushes
food
culinary
jadalne
jadalne drzewa
jadalne krzewy
przepis
żywność

description: Z blisko 100 zgłoszeń nadesłanych na konkurs Klubu Gaja "Dzikie poznajemy i… jemy" jury wybrało 16 laureatów – autorów najciekawszych przepisów kulinarnych uwzględniających co najmniej jeden produkt pochodzący z dziko rosnących jadalnych drzew i krzewów śródpolnych. - From hundreds of submissions, received by Klub Gaja Association, 16 of the most interesting recipes taking into account at least one product coming from wild edible mid-field trees/bushes have been selected.
Left-right symmetry and leading contributions to neutrinoless double beta decay
Creators: name: Li, Gang
name: Ramsey-Musolf, Michael
name: Vasquez, Juan Carlos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the impact of the mixing (LR mixing) between the standard model $W$ boson and its hypothetical, heavier right-handed parter $W_R$ on the neutrinoless double beta decay ($0νββ$-decay) rate. Our study is done in the minimal left-right symmetric model assuming type-II dominance scenario with charge conjugation as the left-right symmetry. We then show that the $0νββ$-decay rate may be dominated by the contribution proportional to this LR mixing, which at the hadronic level induces the leading-order contribution to the interaction between two pions and two charged leptons. The resulting long-range pion exchange contribution can significantly enhance the decay rate compared to previously considered short-range contributions. Finally, we find that even if future cosmological experiments rule out the inverted hierarchy for neutrino masses, there are still good prospects for a positive signal in the next generation of $0νββ$-decay experiments.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures
Seeing a single top quark : search for pp->tq [gamma] production and the combination of ATLAS searches for flavor changing neutral currents in t->Hq decays
Creators: name: Potti, Harish
name: 0000-0002-0800-9902
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2020
Subjects: Top quark
Higgs boson
Photon coupling
Top quark charge
Single top quark production
tqH
FCNC
ATLAS experiment
Flavour changing neutral currents

description: The top quark is the heaviest known elementary particle. With a coupling to the Higgs boson close to unity, the top quark plays a special role in electroweak symmetry breaking as well as in physics beyond the Standard Model. An accurate measurement of its properties can provide key information for understanding the physics at the TeV scale. In this dissertation, two measurements of the top quark properties are presented. The first part of this dissertation presents the first-ever ATLAS search for the associated production of a single top quark and a photon. This analysis is performed with 139 fb⁻¹ of pp collision data collected by the ATLAS detector at the LHC at [square root symbol] s = 13 TeV. Only final states with exactly one lepton and at least one photon are considered in this analysis. In the second part, results from the combination of ATLAS searches for flavor changing neutral currents (FCNC) in t->Hq decays are presented. Four FCNC analyses, probing different Higgs decay modes, performed with 36.1 fb⁻¹ of proton-proton collision data collected by the ATLAS detector in 2015-2016 are considered in the combination. They search for top-quark pair events in which one top quark decays into Wb and the other top quark decay into Hq
Semi-classical open string corrections and symmetric Wilson loops
Creators: name: Yamaguchi, Satoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the AdS/CFT correspondence, an AdS_2 x S^2 D3-brane with electric flux in AdS_5 x S^5 spacetime corresponds to a circular Wilson loop in the symmetric representation or a multiply wound one in N=4 super Yang-Mills theory. In order to distinguish the symmetric loop and the multiply wound loop, one should see an exponentially small correction in large 't Hooft coupling. We study semi-classically the disk open string attached to the D3-brane. We obtain the exponent of the term and it agrees with the result of the matrix model calculation of the symmetric Wilson loop.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures. v2: explanation improved. v3: argument in section 2 is improved, result not changed
Comparing Foreground Removal Techniques for Recovery of the LOFAR-EoR 21cm Power Spectrum
Creators: name: Hothi, Ian
name: Chapman, Emma
name: Pritchard, Jonathan R.
name: Mertens, F. G.
name: Koopmans, L. V. E
name: Ciardi, B.
name: Gehlot, B. K.
name: Ghara, R.
name: Ghosh, A.
name: Giri, S. K.
name: Iliev, I. T.
name: Jelić, V.
name: Zaroubi, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compare various foreground removal techniques that are being utilised to remove bright foregrounds in various experiments aiming to detect the redshifted 21cm signal of neutral hydrogen from the Epoch of Reionization. In this work, we test the performance of removal techniques (FastICA, GMCA, and GPR) on 10 nights of LOFAR data and investigate the possibility of recovering the latest upper limit on the 21cm signal. Interestingly, we find that GMCA and FastICA reproduce the most recent 2$σ$ upper limit of $Δ^2_{21}
description: 15 pages, 11 figures, accepted by MNRAS on 02 November 2020
A moment approach to non-Gaussian colored noises
Creators: name: Hasegawa, Hideo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Langevin system subjected to non-Gaussian noise has been discussed, by using the second-order moment approach with two kinds of models for generating the noise. We have derived the effective differential equation (DE) for a variable $x$, from which the stationary probability distribution $P(x)$ has been calculated with the use of the Fokker-Planck equation. The result of $P(x)$ calculated by the moment method is compared to several expressions obtained by different methods such as the universal colored noise approximation (UCNA) [Jung and Hänggi, Phys. Rev. A {\bf 35}, 4464 (1987)] and the functional-integral method. It has been shown that our $P(x)$ is in good agreement with that of direct simulations (DSs). We have also discussed dynamical properties of the model with an external input, solving DEs in the moment method.
description: 22 pages, 6 figures; accepted in Physica A with augmented discussions
Development of a SCADA system to monitor and control continuous casting of steel billets
Creators: name: Rakocevic, Vladimir Vladimir
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Continuous casting of steel billets, blooms and slabs is one of the dominant processes in the steel making industry. Production of high quality steel with no defects, has become a very important issue in the current highly competitive market conditions. To satisfy quality control standards, steel mills must now incorporate "state of the art" technologies in continuous casting. New techniques from different fields are being applied to the process to assist in casting "perfect" steel. Computers are now essential elements in applying advanced technologies for process and quality improvements. In this work, an attempt has been made to create an intelligent Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition System (SCADA) for the billet casting process. The "brain" of this system consists of an Artificial Intelligence entity that combines low-level numerical processing of sensor inputs with high-level symbol processing, ie. an Expert System The mastered process knowledge and experience, along with intelligent numerical computation, have been captured into a system called "Smart" Mould. This thesis focuses on the evolution of the hardware framework and software support for the SCADA system The concept of intelligent computation as a prerequisite to intelligent process control with respect to the continuous casting of steel billets is also introduced.
The High-Energy Radiation Environment Around a 10 Gyr M Dwarf: Habitable at Last?
Creators: name: France, Kevin
name: Duvvuri, Girish
name: Egan, Hilary
name: Koskinen, Tommi
name: Wilson, David J.
name: Youngblood, Allison
name: Froning, Cynthia S.
name: Brown, Alexander
name: Alvarado-Gomez, Julian D.
name: Berta-Thompson, Zachory K.
name: Drake, Jeremy J.
name: Garraffo, Cecilia
name: Kaltenegger, Lisa
name: Kowalski, Adam F.
name: Linsky, Jeffrey L.
name: Loyd, R. O. Parke
name: Mauas, Pablo J. D.
name: Miguel, Yamila
name: Pineda, J. Sebastian
name: Rugheimer, Sarah
name: Schneider, P. Christian
name: Tian, Feng
name: Vieytes, Mariela
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High levels of X-ray and UV activity on young M dwarfs may drive rapid atmospheric escape on temperate, terrestrial planets orbiting within the liquid water habitable zone. However, secondary atmospheres on planets orbiting older, less active M dwarfs may be stable and present more promising candidates for biomarker searches. We present new HST and Chandra observations of Barnard's Star (GJ 699), a 10 Gyr old M3.5 dwarf, acquired as part of the Mega-MUSCLES program. Despite the old age and long rotation period of Barnard's star, we observe two FUV ($δ_{130}$ $\approx$ 5000s; $E_{130}$ $\approx$ 10$^{29.5}$ erg each) and one X-ray ($E_{X}$ $\approx$ 10$^{29.2}$ erg) flares, and estimate a high-energy flare duty cycle (defined here as the fraction of the time the star is in a flare state) of $\sim$ 25\%. A 5 A - 10 $μ$m SED of GJ 699 is created and used to evaluate the atmospheric stability of a hypothetical, unmagnetized terrestrial planet in the habitable zone ($r_{HZ}$ $\sim$ 0.1 AU). Both thermal and non-thermal escape modeling indicate (1) the $quiescent$ stellar XUV flux does not lead to strong atmospheric escape: atmospheric heating rates are comparable to periods of high solar activity on modern Earth, and (2) the $flare$ environment could drive the atmosphere into a hydrodynamic loss regime at the observed flare duty cycle: sustained exposure to the flare environment of GJ 699 results in the loss of $\approx$ 87 Earth atmospheres Gyr$^{-1}$ through thermal processes and $\approx$ 3 Earth atmospheres Gyr$^{-1}$ through ion loss processes, respectively. These results suggest that if rocky planet atmospheres can survive the initial $\sim$ 5 Gyr of high stellar activity, or if a second generation atmosphere can be formed or acquired, the flare duty cycle may be the controlling stellar parameter for the stability of Earth-like atmospheres around old M stars.
description: Accepted to AJ
Broadening of the confining flux tube joining higher-representation sources
Creators: name: Gliozzi, Ferdinando
name: Giudice, Pietro
name: Lottini, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the context of confining gauge theories we study the flux tube generated by a pair of static sources belonging to higher rank representations of the gauge group. Using a simple geometric approach based on minimal surfaces describing the world-sheet of the underlying k-string, we infer logarithmic broadening of the flux tube as a function of source separation. It turns out that the coefficient of the logarithm does not depend on the specific representation of the source nor on its N-ality and is universal. Numerical results on a Z_4 gauge theory in three dimensions with static sources carrying two units of elementary flux compare very favourably with these predictions.
description: Talk at Lattice 2006; to be published in Proceedings Of Science as POS(LAT2006)070. 7 pages; 3 figures; corrected some typos in the last page
LHC signals for neutrino mass model in bilinear R-parity violating mAMSB
Creators: name: de Campos, F.
name: Diaz, M. A.
name: Eboli, O. J. P.
name: Magro, M. B.
name: Porod, W.
name: Skadhauge, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate a neutrino mass model in which the neutrino data is accounted for by bilinear R-parity violating supersymmetry with anomaly mediated supersymmetry breaking. We focus on the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC) phenomenology, studying the reach of generic supersymmetry search channels with leptons, missing energy and jets. A special feature of this model is the existence of long lived neutralinos and charginos which decay inside the detector leading to detached vertices. We demonstrate that the largest reach is obtained in the displaced vertices channel and that practically all of the reasonable parameter space will be covered with an integrated luminosity of 10 fb-1. We also compare the displaced vertex reaches of the LHC and Tevatron.
description: 27 pages
Work fluctuations due to partial thermalizations in two-level systems
Creators: name: Quadeer, Maria
name: Korzekwa, Kamil
name: Tomamichel, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study work extraction processes mediated by finite-time interactions with an ambient bath -- \emph{partial thermalizations} -- as continuous time Markov processes for two-level systems. Such a stochastic process results in fluctuations in the amount of work that can be extracted and is characterized by the rate at which the system parameters are driven in addition to the rate of thermalization with the bath. We analyze the distribution of work for the case where the energy gap of a two-level system is driven at a constant rate. We derive analytic expressions for average work and lower bound for the variance of work showing that such processes cannot be fluctuation-free in general. We also observe that an upper bound for the Monte Carlo estimate of the variance of work can be obtained using Jarzynski's fluctuation-dissipation relation for systems initially in equilibrium. Finally, we analyse work extraction cycles by modifying the Carnot cycle, incorporating processes involving partial thermalizations and obtain efficiency at maximum power for such finite-time work extraction cycles under different sets of constraints.
description: 16 pages, 12 figures, 4 appendices