cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Academic information and financial markets : an empirical investigation of market learning from the size anomaly
Creators: name: Mittoo, Usha Rani
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This dissertation examines the impact of academic information on the capital markets. A test of market learning from academic information is performed by examining the impact of published research about the size anomaly on the underlying asset pricing process. A theoretical framework to examine the effect of events that affect the equilibrium pricing process is first developed in a simple economy with one single risky asset. A learning model based on Bayesian updating is proposed and its empirical implications are derived. The model predicts a change in the asset prices in the case of market learning. The predictions about the learning path depend on the assumed information structure. The key hypotheses are motivated through an illustrative case in a multi-asset economy where there is more information available concerning large firms than about small firms. The econometric model of switching regimes is used to analyze the hypothesized structural change in the mean returns associated with the size variable. We postulate two regimes, one prior to and another after the incorporation of research information on the size anomaly. We find evidence of a switch in regimes with estimated mean switch located in 1983. The estimated average size premium has declined from approximately 13.6% per annum in the first regime to about -2.8% per annum in the second regime. More importantly, the switch in 1983 is not explained by any of the hypothesized economic factors that explain a large part of the stochastic variation in the size effect in the periods prior to 1983. We also find evidence of a switch in regimes when the seasonal January size effect is excluded. The evidence also suggests an increase in the trading volume associated with the information arrival. Our evidence strongly suggests that the market has undergone a change in its underlying equilibrium pricing process after the discovery of the size anomaly. The evidence supports the hypothesis that academic research relating to the size anomaly has provided useful information to the investors and the market has learnt from this information.
Temperature dependence of Coulomb drag between finite-length quantum wires
Creators: name: Peguiron, J.
name: Bruder, C.
name: Trauzettel, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We evaluate the Coulomb drag current in two finite-length Tomonaga-Luttinger-liquid wires coupled by an electrostatic backscattering interaction. The drag current in one wire shows oscillations as a function of the bias voltage applied to the other wire, reflecting interferences of the plasmon standing waves in the interacting wires. In agreement with this picture, the amplitude of the current oscillations is reduced with increasing temperature. This is a clear signature of non-Fermi-liquid physics because for coupled Fermi liquids the drag resistance is always expected to increase as the temperature is raised.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures; v2: accepted version at PRL
Dependence of Temporal Properties on Energy in Long-Lag, Wide-Pulse Gamma-Ray Bursts
Creators: name: Zhang, Fu-Wen
name: Qin, Yi-Ping
name: Zhang, Bin-Bin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We employed a sample compiled by Norris et al. (2005, ApJ, 625, 324) to study the dependence of the pulse temporal properties on energy in long-lag, wide-pulse gamma-ray bursts. Our analysis shows that the pulse peak time, rise time scale and decay time scale are power law functions of energy, which is a preliminary report on the relationships between the three quantities and energy. The power law indexes associated with the pulse width, rise time scale and decay time scale are correlated and the correlation between the indexes associated with the pulse width and the decay time scale is more obvious. In addition, we have found that the pulse peak lag is strongly correlated with the CCF lag, but the centroid lag is less correlated with the peak lag and CCF lag. Based on these results and some previous investigations, we tend to believe that all energy-dependent pulse temporal properties may come from the joint contribution of both the hydrodynamic processes of the outflows and the curvature effect, where the energy-dependent spectral lag may be mainly dominated by the dynamic process and the energy-dependent pulse width may be mainly determined by the curvature effect.
description: 20 pages, 7 figures, added references, matched to published version, accepted for publication in PASJ
Effects of Imperfect Gate Operations in Shor's Prime Factorization Algorithm
Creators: name: Guo, Hao
name: Long, Gui Lu
name: Sun, Yang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effects of imperfect gate operations in implementation of Shor's prime factorization algorithm are investigated. The gate imperfections may be classified into three categories: the systematic error, the random error, and the one with combined errors. It is found that Shor's algorithm is robust against the systematic errors but is vulnerable to the random errors. Error threshold is given to the algorithm for a given number $N$ to be factorized.
description: 8 pages 4 figures
The Core Mass Function in the Orion Nebula Cluster Region: What Determines the Final Stellar Masses?
Creators: name: Takemura, Hideaki
name: Nakamura, Fumitaka
name: Kong, Shuo
name: Arce, Héctor G.
name: Carpenter, John M.
name: Ossenkopf-Okada, Volker
name: Klessen, Ralf
name: Sanhueza, Patricio
name: Shimajiri, Yoshito
name: Tsukagoshi, Takashi
name: Kawabe, Ryohei
name: Ishii, Shun
name: Dobashi, Kazuhito
name: Shimoikura, Tomomi
name: Goldsmith, Paul F.
name: Sánchez-Monge, Álvaro
name: Kauffmann, Jens
name: Pillai, Thushara
name: Padoan, Paolo
name: Ginsberg, Adam
name: Smith, Rowan J.
name: Bally, John
name: Mairs, Steve
name: Pineda, Jaime E.
name: Lis, Dariusz C.
name: Burkhart, Blakesley
name: Schilke, Peter
name: Chen, Hope How-Huan
name: Isella, Andrea
name: Friesen, Rachel K.
name: Goodman, Alyssa A.
name: Harper, Doyal A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Applying dendrogram analysis to the CARMA-NRO C$^{18}$O ($J$=1--0) data having an angular resolution of $\sim$ 8", we identified 692 dense cores in the Orion Nebula Cluster (ONC) region. Using this core sample, we compare the core and initial stellar mass functions in the same area to quantify the step from cores to stars. About 22 \% of the identified cores are gravitationally bound. The derived core mass function (CMF) for starless cores has a slope similar to Salpeter's stellar initial mass function (IMF) for the mass range above 1 $M_\odot$, consistent with previous studies. Our CMF has a peak at a subsolar mass of $\sim$ 0.1 $M_\odot$, which is comparable to the peak mass of the IMF derived in the same area. We also find that the current star formation rate is consistent with the picture in which stars are born only from self-gravitating starless cores. However, the cores must gain additional gas from the surroundings to reproduce the current IMF (e.g., its slope and peak mass), because the core mass cannot be accreted onto the star with a 100\% efficiency. Thus, the mass accretion from the surroundings may play a crucial role in determining the final stellar masses of stars.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures, accepted by ApJL
Così Ryugu ha perso la sua acqua
Creators: Giuseppe Fiasconaro
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2021

Osservazioni condotte con Hayabusa2 suggeriscono che l’asteroide sia meno ricco d’acqua di quel che si stimava. Secondo un recente studio basato sui dati spettroscopici raccolti dalla sonda della Jaxa, le sue rocce avrebbero perso gran parte dell’acqua ancor prima che Ryugu si formasse a partire da un corpo progenitore. Con il commento di Anna Galiano, ricercatrice all’Inaf Iaps di Roma e coautrice dello studio
Particelle brutte, con Barbascura
Creators: Valentina Guglielmo
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2021

“Particelle brutte” è il nome della nuova serie di dirette Instagram prodotta dall’Infn. Appuntamento ogni lunedì per sei settimane – da oggi, lunedì 11 gennaio, al 15 febbraio – per affrontare i temi più caldi della fisica insieme a ricercatori esperti. Conduce Barbascura X
Questa è una magnetar fuori dal comune
Creators: Maura Sandri
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2021

Nel 2020 gli astronomi hanno scoperto la magnetar più veloce e forse la più giovane conosciuta. Questo oggetto – noto come J1818.0-1607 – si trova a circa 21mila anni luce di distanza dalla Terra, vicino al piano della Via Lattea. I ricercatori hanno utilizzato Chandra e altri telescopi (infrarossi e radio) per conoscere le proprietà insolite di questo oggetto. Tutti i dettagli su The Astrophysical Journal Letters
Una rosa galattica in piena attività
Creators: Eleonora Ferroni
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2021

Lo spettrografo 3D dell’Eso ci mostra la galassia a spirale Ngc 1097, a 45 milioni di anni luce dalla Terra, e l’intensa attività di formazione stellare che sta avvenendo nella regione evidenziata dai colori rosa/viola, un “piccolo” anello di 5000 anni luce di diametro. Il tutto è governato dall’immensa potenza del buco nero supermassiccio al centro della galassia
Aspettando messaggi interstellari
Creators: Patrizia Caraveo
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2021

Insieme al radiotelescopio di Arecibo, il gigante da 305 metri di diametro reso celebre dal film Contact, è scomparso il trasmettitore capace di inviare messaggi verso altri sistemi planetari. Ne parla Patrizia Caraveo in questo articolo pubblicato ieri sul Sole24Ore, che riprendiamo con il consenso dell’autrice
Da Atacama al Big Bang
Creators: Marco Malaspina
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2021

L’ultima stima in ordine di tempo della costante di Hubble, fornita dalle osservazioni sul fondo cosmico a microonde condotte con l’Atacama Cosmology Telescope, corrisponde a quella indicata dal modello standard dell’universo e dalle misure compiute dal satellite Planck. Ne parliamo con il primo autore di uno degli articoli pubblicati la settimana scorsa su Jcap, il cosmologo romano Simone Aiola, oggi a New York
Quando le galassie s’incontrano e si scontrano
Creators: Laura Leonardi
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2021

La recente survey HiPeec ha analizzato sei sistemi di fusione galattica per studiare il tasso di formazione di nuove stelle all’interno delle galassie. Queste interazioni sono fondamentali per comprendere l’evoluzione galattica e la formazione di ammassi stellari in condizioni fisiche estreme
Molecular cloning, characterization and expression of the endoglucanase C gene of Cellulomonas fimi and properties of the native and recombinant gene products
Creators: name: Moser, Bernhard
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: In addition to substrate-associated cellulases, Cellulomonas fimi secretes endoglucanases ( endo-1, 4-β-D-glucan glucanohydrolases, EC 3.2.1.4. ) which are recovered from the cellulose-free culture supernatant of cells grown on microcrystalline cellulose. Two such enzymes, C3.1 and C3.2 with Mrs of 130'000 and 120'000, respectively, were purified to homogeneity. The two endoglucanases were shown to share the same N-terminal amino acid sequence and to hydrolyze carboxymethylcellulose ( CMC ) with similar efficiencies ( 236u/mg protein for C3.1 and 367u/mg protein for C3.2 ). The recombinant lambda vector L47.1-169 was identified from a C.fimi DNA-lambda library on the basis of hybridization with C3.1/2-specific oligonucleotide probes. The subclone pTZ18R-8 only moderately expressed CMCase activity. The 5'-terminus of cenC ( the gene coding for C3.1/2 ) was localized in the insert by Southern transfer experiments and nucleotide sequence analysis. Results from total C.fimi RNA-DNA hybrid protection analyses defined the boundaries of cenC in pTZ18R-8 and led to the tentative identification of -10 and -35 promoter sequences. To improve the expression of cenC, its entire coding sequence, except for the start codon GTG, was fused in frame to the ATG codon of a synthetic ribosomal binding site ( PTIS ) and placed under the transcriptional control of the lac p/o system. Induction of the resulting clone ( JM101[pTZP-cenC] ) led to impaired growth in liquid cultures because overproduction of CenC inhibited cell division'" and eventually led to cell death. Analysis of cell fractions by SDS-PAGE revealed a dominant ( >10% of total cell extract proteins ), clone-specific protein with a Mr of approximately 140'000 which was found exclusively in the cytoplasmic fraction. Conversely, 60% of the total CMC-hydrolyzing activity was localized in the periplasmic fraction indicating that the export of CenC is required for maximal expression of endoglucanase activity. Isolation of the cellulolytic activities from an osmotic shockate led to the purification to homogeneity of two recombinant cellulases, CenC1 and CenC2, with Mr of 130'000 and 120'000, respectively. Both enzymes hydrolyzed CMC with similar efficiencies ( 278u/mg protein for CenC1 and 390u/mg protein for CenC2 ). In addition, amino acid sequence analyses showed the two enzymes to have the same N-termini as the native enzymes and proved furthermore that the CenC leader peptide was functional in Escherichia coli.
I 366 volti del Sole nel 2020
Creators: Maura Sandri
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2021

L’Agenzia spaziale europea ha pubblicato un mosaico di 366 immagini del Sole, scattate nel 2020 dal satellite Proba-2. Nel mosaico è stata selezionata un’immagine diversa per ogni giorno dell’anno, permettendo di valutare a colpo d’occhio lo stato di attività del Sole nel corso dell’anno, oltre a evidenziare fenomeni quali le eclissi. Con un commento di Mauro Messerotti dell’Inaf
SpaceX Starship, non c’è otto senza nove
Creators: Giuseppe Fiasconaro
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2021

Dopo il volo della navicella Starship Serial Number 8, avvenuto il nove dicembre scorso, la compagnia aerospaziale di Elon Musk, Space X, alle 23 ora italiana di mercoledì 6 gennaio ha acceso i motori del prototipo Starship Sn9 per gli ultimi test prima del lancio, che potrebbe avvenire già nei prossimi giorni
Tempeste nelle atmosfere delle nane brune
Creators: Ufficio stampa Inaf
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2021

Un team guidato da Daniel Apai dell’Univeristà dell’Arizona ha individuato bande atmosferiche in rotazione nelle due nane brune più vicine alla Terra. Le due nane brune sono dominate da venti che contribuiscono a distribuire nei loro strati più esterni le enormi quantità del calore ancora presente al loro interno. Fra gli autori dello studio, pubblicato su ApJ,  Luigi Bedin dell’Inaf di Padova e Domenico Nardiello del Cnrs francese
Due paesaggi marziani nella calza della Befana
Creators: Valentina Guglielmo
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2021

Due fotografie di Marte si contendono la copertina del giorno del 6 gennaio: la Apod della Nasa – che con lo strumento Hirise del Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter riprende una scena autunnale con inconsuete dune striate – e una simile versione dell’Esa, scattata d’estate dalla camera Cassis a bordo di Exomars Trace Gas Orbiter – che mostra crepe del terreno riempite di ghiaccio d’acqua e ghiaccio secco in sublimazione
Lucy, secondo passo verso il lancio
Creators: Maura Sandri
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2021

Lo spettrometro a emissione termica di Lucy è stato installato con successo il 16 dicembre 2020. Si tratta del secondo strumento scientifico integrato sul satellite – il cui lancio è previsto nell’ottobre di quest’anno – che misurerà la temperatura degli asteroidi troiani, permettendo di dedurre importanti caratteristiche superficiali degli asteroidi stessi
Dark Matter in a Constrained NMSSM
Creators: name: Hugonie, C.
name: Belanger, G.
name: Pukhov, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the parameter space of a Constrained Next-to-Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model with GUT scale boundary conditions (CNMSSM) and find regions where the relic density of the lightest neutralino is compatible with the WMAP measurement. We emphasize differences with the MSSM: cases where annihilation of the LSP occurs via a Higgs resonance at low values of tanβand cases where the LSP has a large singlino component. The particle spectrum as well as theoretical and collider constraints are calculated with NMSSMTools. All neutralino annihilation and coannihilation processes are then computed with micrOMEGAs, taking into account higher order corrections to the Higgs sector.
description: 17 pages, 6 figures, references added, some comments added, version to be published in JCAP
C’è una strana stella in Cassiopea
Creators: Luca Nardi
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2021

Dall’analisi di un oggetto stellare dalle caratteristiche inaspettate, un gruppo di ricercatori dell’università di Potsdam ha scoperto che potrebbe essere un nuovo tipo di stella, finora solo ipotizzato, nato dalla fusione di due nane bianche: una di carbonio e ossigeno e l’altra di neon e ossigeno
Discovery of the Pure Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Indene ($c$-C$_9$H$_8$) with GOTHAM Observations of TMC-1
Creators: name: Burkhardt, Andrew M.
name: Lee, Kin Long Kelvin
name: Changala, P. Bryan
name: Shingledecker, Christopher N.
name: Cooke, Ilsa R.
name: Loomis, Ryan A.
name: Wei, Hongji
name: Charnley, Steven B.
name: Herbst, Eric
name: McCarthy, Michael C.
name: McGuire, Brett A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) have long been invoked in the study of interstellar and protostellar sources, but the unambiguous identification of any individual PAH has proven elusive until very recently. As a result, the formation mechanisms for this important class of molecules remain poorly constrained. Here we report the first interstellar detection of a pure hydrocarbon PAH, indene (C$_9$H$_8$), as part of the GBT Observations of TMC-1: Hunting for Aromatic Molecules (GOTHAM) survey. This detection provides a new avenue for chemical inquiry, complementing the existing detections of CN-functionalized aromatic molecules. From fitting the GOTHAM observations, indene is found to be the most abundant organic ring detected in TMC-1 to date. And from astrochemical modeling with NAUTILUS, the observed abundance is greater than the model's prediction by several orders of magnitude suggesting that current formation pathways in astrochemical models are incomplete. The detection of indene in relatively high abundance implies related species such as cyanoindene, cyclopentadiene, toluene, and styrene may be detectable in dark clouds.
description: 18 pages, 2 figures and 3 tables in the main text. 1 table and 1 figure in the Appendix. Published in The Astrophysical Journal Letters. Supplementary data available in the DataVerse entry provided in text
È doppio il sistema più giovane scoperto da Tess
Creators: Ufficio stampa Inaf
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2021

Due esopianeti caldi, grandi all’incirca come Nettuno e con un’età tra i 30 e gli 80 milioni di anni. È l’identikit di Toi-942, il sistema planetario più giovane scoperto dal satellite Tess della Nasa, scovato da un team a guida Inaf e caratterizzato grazie anche a dati raccolti con il Telescopio nazionale Galileo. Con la sua giovane età e la presenza di più di un pianeta, questo sistema è un ottimo banco di prova per studiare come nascono e si evolvono i pianeti nell’universo
Fratture nel ghiaccio sull’oceano di Ganimede
Creators: Redazione Media Inaf
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2021

Un’analisi della distribuzione delle faglie presenti sulla superficie della grande luna gioviana ha permesso di stimarne la penetrazione all’interno della crosta ghiacciata, determinandone lo spessore: tra i 105 e i 130 km. Lo studio, guidato da Alice Lucchetti dell’Inaf di Padova, ha importanti risvolti per la missione spaziale dell’Esa Juice
Penrose Quantum Antiferromagnet
Creators: name: Jagannathan, Anuradha
name: Szallas, Attila
name: Wessel, Stefan
name: Duneau, Michel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Penrose tiling is a perfectly ordered two dimensional structure with fivefold symmetry and scale invariance under site decimation. Quantum spin models on such a system can be expected to differ significantly from more conventional structures as a result of its special symmetries. In one dimension, for example, aperiodicity can result in distinctive quantum entanglement properties. In this work, we study ground state properties of the spin-1/2 Heisenberg antiferromagnet on the Penrose tiling, a model that could also be pertinent for certain three dimensional antiferromagnetic quasicrystals. We show, using spin wave theory and quantum Monte Carlo simulation, that the local staggered magnetizations strongly depend on the local coordination number z and are minimized on some sites of five-fold symmetry. We present a simple explanation for this behavior in terms of Heisenberg stars. Finally we show how best to represent this complex inhomogeneous ground state, using the "perpendicular space" representation of the tiling.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures
Dust and gas emission in the prototypical hot core G29.96-0.02 at sub-arcsecond resolution
Creators: name: Beuther, H.
name: Zhang, Q.
name: Bergin, E. A.
name: Sridharan, T. K.
name: Hunter, T. R.
name: Leurini, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aiming at a better understand of the physical and chemical processes in the hot molecular core stage of high-mass star formation, we observed the prototypical hot core G29.96-0.02 in the 862mu band with the Submillimeter Array (SMA) at sub-arcsecond spatial resolution. The observations resolved the hot molecular core into six submm continuum sources with the finest spatial resolution of 0.36''x0.25'' (~1800AU) achieved so far. Four of them located within 7800(AU)^2 comprise a proto-Trapezium system with estimated protostellar densities of 1.4x0^5 protostars/pc^3. The plethora of ~80 spectral lines allows us to study the molecular outflow(s), the core kinematics, the temperature structure of the region as well as chemical effects. The derived hot core temperatures are of the order 300K. We find interesting chemical spatial differentiations, e.g., C34S is deficient toward the hot core and is enhanced at the UCHII/hot core interface, which may be explained by temperature sensitive desorption from grains and following gas phase chemistry. The SiO(8-7) emission outlines likely two molecular outflows emanating from this hot core region. Emission from most other molecules peaks centrally on the hot core and is not dominated by any individual submm peak. Potential reasons for that are discussed. A few spectral lines that are associated with the main submm continuum source, show a velocity gradient perpendicular to the large-scale outflow. Since this velocity structure comprises three of the central protostellar sources, this is not a Keplerian disk. While the data are consistent with a gas core that may rotate and/or collapse, we cannot exclude the outflow(s) and/or nearby expanding UCHII region as possible alternative causes of this velocity pattern.
description: Accepted for Astronomy and Astrophysics, 14 pages, 8 figures, 6 tables, high-resolution version of the paper available at http://www.mpia.de/homes/beuther/papers.html
Demonstration of 3-port grating phase relations
Creators: name: Bunkowski, A.
name: Burmeister, O.
name: Danzmann, K.
name: Schnabel, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We experimentally demonstrate the phase relations of 3-port gratings by investigating 3-port coupled Fabry-Perot cavities. Two different gratings which have the same 1st order diffraction efficiency but differ substantially in their 2nd order diffraction efficiency have been designed and manufactured. Using the gratings as couplers to Fabry-Perot cavities we could validate the results of an earlier theoretical description of the phases at a three port grating.
Hamilton-Jacobi Fractional Sequential Mechanics
Creators: name: Rabei, Eqab M.
name: Ababneh, Bashar S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As a continuation of Rabei et al. work [11], the Hamilton- Jacobi partial differential equation is generalized to be applicable for systems containing fractional derivatives. The Hamilton- Jacobi function in configuration space is obtained in a similar manner to the usual mechanics. Two problems are considered to demonstrate the application of the formalism. The result found to be in exact agreement with Agrawal's formalism.
description: 12 pages
Dallo spazio a Cavezzo: così arrivò la meteorite
Creators: Ufficio stampa Inaf
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2021

Uno studio pubblicato sulla rivista Mnras descrive i primi risultati scientifici e ricostruisce con grande precisione gli ultimi secondi del lunghissimo viaggio interplanetario della meteorite di Capodanno, rinvenuta grazie alle osservazioni e ai calcoli della rete Prisma, dal suo ingresso nell’atmosfera terrestre fino all’impatto al suolo. Ma anche la sua possibile origine da un asteroide near-Earth
On the environmental decoherence and spin interference in mesoscopic loop structures
Creators: name: Tralle, I.
name: Pasko, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Mechanisms of 'environmental decoherence' such as surface scattering, Elliot-Yafet process and precession mechanisms, as well as their influence on the spin phase relaxation are considered and compared. It is shown that the 'spin ballistic' regime is possible, when the phase relaxation length for the spin part of the wave function (WF)is much greater than the phase relaxation length for the 'orbital part'. In the presence of an additional magnetic field, the spin part of the electron's WF acquires a phase shift due to additional spin precession about that field. If the structure length is chosen to be greater than the phase relaxation length for the 'orbital part' and less than the phase relaxation length for the spin part of WF, it is possible to 'wash out' the quantum interference related to the phase coherence of the 'orbital part' of the WF, retaining at the same time that related to the phase coherence of the spin part and, hence, to reveal corresponding conductance oscillations.
Pseudoscalar Goldstone bosons in the color-flavor locked phase at moderate densities
Creators: name: Kleinhaus, Verena
name: Buballa, Michael
name: Nickel, Dominik
name: Oertel, Micaela
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The properties of the pseudoscalar Goldstone bosons in the color-flavor locked phase at moderate densities are studied within a model of the Nambu--Jona-Lasinio type. The Goldstone bosons are constructed explicitly by solving the Bethe-Salpeter equation for quark-quark scattering in random phase approximation. Main focus of our investigations are (i) the weak decay constant in the chiral limit, (ii) the masses of the flavored (pseudo-) Goldstone bosons for non-zero but equal quark masses, (iii) their masses and effective chemical potentials for non-equal quark masses, and (iv) the onset of kaon condensation. We compare our results with the predictions of the low-energy effective field theory. The deviations from results obtained in the weak-coupling limit are discussed in detail.
description: 18 pages, 12 figures
Fractionally charged excitations on frustrated lattices
Creators: name: Runge, E.
name: Pollmann, F.
name: Fulde, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Systems of strongly correlated fermions on certain geometrically frustrated lattices at particular filling factors support excitations with fractional charges $\pm e/2$. We calculate quantum mechanical ground states, low--lying excitations and spectral functions of finite lattices by means of numerical diagonalization. The ground state of the most thoroughfully studied case, the criss-crossed checkerboard lattice, is degenerate and shows long--range order. Static fractional charges are confined by a weak linear force, most probably leading to bound states of large spatial extent. Consequently, the quasi-particle weight is reduced, which reflects the internal dynamics of the fractionally charged excitations. By using an additional parameter, we fine--tune the system to a special point at which fractional charges are manifestly deconfined--the so--called Rokhsar--Kivelson point. For a deeper understanding of the low--energy physics of these models and for numerical advantages, several conserved quantum numbers are identified.
description: submitted to the proceedings of cmt30
Satelliti ecosostenibili: con il legno si può
Creators: Claudia Mignone
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2021

Arriva dal Giappone e sembra un pezzo di arredamento minimalista. In realtà è un satellite, o meglio, un concetto futuristico per lo sviluppo di satelliti più rispettosi dell’ambiente, grazie all'utilizzo di un materiale ben più antico dell’umanità: il legno. Un prototipo potrebbe essere lanciato già nel 2023. Media Inaf ne ha parlato con Alberto Buzzoni
Il caos nel cuore di Messier 42
Creators: Giuseppe Fiasconaro
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2021

I telescopi spaziali Hubble e Spitzer hanno messo gli occhi sulla fabbrica di formazione stellare a noi più vicina, la Nebulosa di Orione, a 1500 anni luce dal Sistema solare. Il risultato del loro sforzo comune è quest’immagine composita rilasciata dalla Nasa
Akademische Festveranstaltung "Demokratie Hoch Drei"
Creators: name: Dorn, Franz
name: Ungern-Sternberg, Antje von
name: Rüfner, Thomas
Publisher: name: Universität Trier
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Verfassung (1849)
subject: Verfassung des Deutschen Reichs (1919)
subject: Grundgesetz für die Bundesrepublik Deutschland
subject: Verfassungsrecht
subject: Privatrecht
subject: Freiheitliche demokratische Grundordnung

description: Das Grundgesetz ist keine bloße Neuauflage, sondern vielmehr eine Weiterentwicklung der Weimarer Reichsverfassung. Obwohl dem Namen nach gar keine „Verfassung“, wird das Grundgesetz spätestens seit der Wiedervereinigung nicht mehr als vorläufige, sondern als endgültige gesamtdeutsche Verfassung angesehen. Strikte Gewaltenteilung, Rechtsstaatlichkeit, umfassender Grundrechtsschutz und die Einführung der sog. „Ewigkeitsklausel“ (Art. 79 Abs. 3 GG) sind nur einige Elemente, mit denen „Bonn“ korrigierte, was „Weimar“ noch nicht vermochte. Nicht zuletzt die umfangreiche Rechtsprechung des Bundesverfassungsgerichts hat das Grundgesetz zu dem umfassenden Regelwerk gemacht, das nunmehr 70 Jahre ohne eine größere Verfassungskrise überdauert hat. Die in dieser Ausgabe zusammengefassten Beiträge, die im Mai 2019 im Rahmen einer Festveranstaltung im Rokoko-Saal der Aufsichts- und Dienstleistungsdirektion in Trier gehalten wurden, beleuchten aus unterschiedlichen Perspektiven die Hintergründe der deutschen Verfassungsrechtsgeschichte und bieten eine Bestandsaufnahme über aktuelle Entwicklungen.
Electroweak Symmetry Breaking induced by Dark Matter
Creators: name: Hambye, Thomas
name: Tytgat, Michel H. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The mechanism behind Electroweak Symmetry Breaking (EWSB) and the nature of dark matter (DM) are currently among the most important issues in high energy physics. Since a natural dark matter candidate is a weakly interacting massive particle or WIMP, with mass around the electroweak scale, it is clearly of interest to investigate the possibility that DM and EWSB are closely related. In the context of a very simple extension of the Standard Model, the Inert Doublet Model, we show that dark matter could play a crucial role in the breaking of the electroweak symmetry. In this model, dark matter is the lightest component of an inert scalar doublet. The coupling of the latter with the Standard Model Higgs doublet breaks the electroweak symmetry at one-loop, "a la Coleman-Weinberg". The abundance of dark matter, the breaking of the electroweak symmetry and the constraints from electroweak precision measurements can all be accommodated by imposing an (exact or approximate) custodial symmetry.
description: 4 pages, no figure, one table
Characterization and expression of Cellulomonas fimi endoglucanase B gene and properties of the gene product from Escherichia coli
Creators: name: Owolabi, Joshua Babatunde
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: In Cellulomonas fimi the cenB gene encodes a secreted endoglucanase (EngB) involved in the degradation of cellulose. The cenB gene carried on a 5.6 kb C fimi DNA fragment encodes a polypeptide of Mr 110,000 in Escherichia coli. The level of expression of the gene was significantly increased by replacing its normal transcriptional and translational regulatory signals with those of the E. coli lac operon. The intact EngB polypeptide is not required for enzymatic activity: active polypeptides of Mr 95,000 and 82,000 also appear in E. coli and a deletion mutant of cenB encodes an active polypeptide of Mr 72,000. The intact and truncated EngB both bind to microcrystalline cellulose. A simple, rapid affinity chromatography procedure on Avicel was developed for the purification of intact EngB and of the 72,000 deletion derivative. Alignment of the amino-terminal amino acid sequence of the purified intact EngB from E. coli with the partial nucleotide sequence of the cloned C. fimi DNA showed that the mature EngB is preceded by a sequence encoding a putative signal polypeptide of 32 amino acids, a translational initiation codon and a sequence resembling an E. coli ribosome binding site 4 nucleotides before the initiation codon. The signal peptide functions and is correctly processed in E. coli, even when its first 15 amino acids are replaced by the first 7 amino acids of β-galactosidase. The truncation of EngB does not affect its export to the periplasm of E.coli. In the intact EngB, 25% of the residues are hydroxyamino acids. It displays features common to endo-β-1 ,4-glucanases, since it has a high activity on carboxymethylcellulose. The kinetic parameters for carboxymethylcellulose hydrolysis of both intact and truncated EngB are not significantly different. C. fimi protease cleaves intact EngB, in a specific manner, to generate two polypeptides of Mr 65,000 and 43,000; the former has the capacity to bind Avicel. A polyclonal antibody raised against the purified intact EngB recognizes a C. fimi extracellular protein of M 110,000 as well as 5 polypeptides of lower molecular weight.
The X-CLASS survey: A catalogue of 1646 X-ray-selected galaxy clusters up to z$\sim$1.5
Creators: name: Koulouridis, E.
name: Clerc, N.
name: Sadibekova, T.
name: Chira, M.
name: Drigga, E.
name: Faccioli, L.
name: Fèvre, J. P. Le
name: Garrel, C.
name: Gaynullina, E.
name: Gkini, A.
name: Kosiba, M.
name: Pacaud, F.
name: Pierre, M.
name: Ridl, J.
name: Tazhenova, K.
name: Adami, C.
name: Altieri, B.
name: Baguley, J. -C.
name: Cabanac, R.
name: Cucchetti, E.
name: Khalikova, A.
name: Lieu, M.
name: Melin, J. -B.
name: Molham, M.
name: Ramos-Ceja, M. E.
name: Soucail, G.
name: Takey, A.
name: Valtchanov, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cosmological probes based on galaxy clusters rely on cluster number counts and large-scale structure information. X-ray cluster surveys are well suited for this purpose, since they are far less affected than optical surveys by projection effects, and cluster properties can be predicted with good accuracy. The XMM Cluster Archive Super Survey, X-CLASS, is a serendipitous search of X-ray-detected galaxy clusters in 4176 XMM-Newton archival observations until August 2015. All observations are clipped to exposure times of 10 and 20 ks to obtain uniformity and they span ~269 deg$^2$ across the high-Galactic latitude sky ($|b|> 20^o$). The main goal of the survey is the compilation of a well-selected cluster sample suitable for cosmological analyses. We describe the detection algorithm, the visual inspection, the verification process and the redshift validation of the cluster sample, as well as the cluster selection function computed by simulations. We also present the various metadata that are released with the catalogue, along with the redshifts of 124 clusters obtained with a dedicated multi-object spectroscopic follow-up programme. With this publication we release the new X-CLASS catalogue of 1646 well-selected X-ray-detected clusters over a wide sky area, along with their selection function. The sample spans a wide redshift range, from the local Universe up to z~1.5, with 982 spectroscopically confirmed clusters, and over 70 clusters above z=0.8. Because of its homogeneous selection and thorough verification, the cluster sample can be used for cosmological analyses, but also as a test-bed for the upcoming eROSITA observations and other current and future large-area cluster surveys. It is the first time that such a catalogue is made available to the community via an interactive database which gives access to a wealth of supplementary information, images, and data.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A
Die Sowjets in den drei Russischen Revolutionen
Creators: name: Irošnikov, Michail I.
name: Potolov, Sergej I.
Publisher: name: Moving the Social
Year: 2014

description: This is the contribution "Die Sowjets in den drei Russischen Revolutionen" of MTS 16 (1995).
description: Moving the Social, Vol 16 (1995): Forschungen zur Arbeiterschaft und Arbeiterbewegung in Rußland
Measurement of Decay Amplitudes of B -->(c cbar) Kstar with an Angular Analysis, for (c cbar)=J/psi, psi(2S) and chi_c1
Creators: name: The BABAR Collaboration
name: Aubert, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform the first three-dimensional measurement of the amplitudes of $B\to ψ(2S) K^*$ and $B\to χ_{c1} K^*$ decays and update our previous measurement for $B\to J/ψK^*$. We use a data sample collected with the BaBar detector at the PEP2 storage ring, corresponding to 232 million $B\bar B$ pairs. The longitudinal polarization of decays involving a $J^{PC}=1^{++}$ $χ_{c1}$ meson is found to be larger than that with a $1^{--}$ $J/ψ$ or $ψ(2S)$ meson. No direct {\it CP}-violating charge asymmetry is observed.
description: Comments: 8 pages, 5 postscript figures
Einleitung
Creators: name: Köhler, Holm-Detlev
name: Tosstorff, Reiner
Publisher: name: Moving the Social
Year: 2014

description: This is the contribution "Einleitung" of MTS 17 (1996).
description: Moving the Social, Vol 17 (1996): Forschungen zur Arbeiterschaft und Arbeiterbewegung in Spanien
Die spanische anarchistische Bewegung Bewegung von 1868 bis 1899
Creators: name: Esenwein, George
Publisher: name: Moving the Social
Year: 2014

description: This is the contribution "Die spanische anarchistische Bewegung Bewegung von 1868 bis 1899" of MTS 17 (1996).
description: Moving the Social, Vol 17 (1996): Forschungen zur Arbeiterschaft und Arbeiterbewegung in Spanien
Two alternative methods for the retrieval of somatic cell populations from the mouse ovary.
Creators: name: Frost, ER
name: Ford, EA
name: Taylor, G
name: Boeing, S
name: Beckett, EL
name: Roman, SD
name: Lovell-Badge, R
name: Mclaughlin, EA
name: Sutherland, JM
Publisher: name: The Francis Crick Institute
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Model organisms
subject: Tumour Biology
subject: Genetics & Genomics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Genome Integrity & Repair
subject: Stem Cells
subject: Chemical Biology & High Throughput
subject: Computational & Systems Biology

description: Many modern techniques employed to uncover the molecular fundamentals underlying biological processes require dissociated cells as their starting point/substrate. Investigations into ovarian endocrinology or folliculogenesis therefore necessitate robust protocols for dissociating the ovary into its constituent cell populations. While in the mouse, methods to obtain individual, mature follicles are well-established, the separation and isolation of single cells of all types from early mouse follicles, including somatic cells, has been more challenging. Herein we present two methods for the isolation of somatic cells in the ovary. These methods are suitable for a range of applications relating to the study of folliculogenesis and mouse ovarian development. First, an enzymatic dissociation utilising collagenase and a temporary, primary cell culture step using neonatal mouse ovaries which yields large quantities of granulosa cells from primordial, activating, and primary follicles. Second, a rapid papain dissociation resulting in a high viability single cell suspension of ovarian somatic cells in less than an hour, which can be applied from embryonic to adult ovarian samples. Collectively these protocols can be applied to a broad array of investigations with unique advantages and benefits pertaining to both.
Die Historiographie zur Arbeiterbewegung im Spanischen Bürgerkrieg
Creators: name: Bernecker, Walther L.
Publisher: name: Moving the Social
Year: 2014

description: This is the contribution "Die Historiographie zur Arbeiterbewegung im Spanischen Bürgerkrieg" of MTS 17 (1996).
description: Moving the Social, Vol 17 (1996): Forschungen zur Arbeiterschaft und Arbeiterbewegung in Spanien
Christine Stangl, Sozialismus zwischen Partizipation und Führung. Herrschaftsverständnis und Herrscherbild der sozialistischen deutschen Arbeiterbewegung von den Anfängen bis 1875
Creators: name: Rudolph, Karsten
Publisher: name: Moving the Social
Year: 2015

description: Christine Stangl, Sozialismus zwischen Partizipation und Führung. Herrschaftsverständnis und Herrscherbild der sozialistischen deutschen Arbeiterbewegung von den Anfängen bis 1875, Berlin: Duncker&Humblot 2002, 414 S., EUR 78,-
description: Moving the Social, Vol 28 (2003): Forschungen und Forschungsberichte
Mining for Europe
Creators: name: Fenlon, Alex
name: Dowd, John
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: With the Directive on Copyright in the Digital Single Market going through the Trilogue stage of the legislative process, there is a very real chance of an EU wide text and data mining exception coming into force in the next few years. The precise nature and nuance of the exception are still subject to debate but the prospect of an exception, even one limited to research institutions and non-commercial research purposes, is exciting. It offers huge potential for EU lead developments in 21st century technologies, and opens up new and tantalising research opportunities.

Many e-resource licences agreed by libraries allow institutions to archive and preserve content licensed during subscription periods. Services such as Portico, Lockss and Clockss all contain a huge wealth of journal, and similar content, structured, organised and ready should suppliers and publishers withdraw from the market place, or face technological issues.

There are some differences but it seems that the UK exception is very similar to the one being discussed by the EU. It is likely that researchers engaged in non-commercial research will have the ability extract knowledge from data sources without the need to license the content from owners. This ability will apply to any source of data that the researcher has legal access to including online sources openly available, and content available under licence via an institutional library for example.

The prospect of an EU wide exception for text and data mining combined with the opening up of access to ‘dark’ archives and/ or institutional repositories represents a fantastic opportunity for researchers. Being able to access and acquire content from across the EU without the need for extensive complex licensing and legal support, offers a competitive advantage for EU researchers and institutions over and above many of their international peers. A combined platform with data, knowledge and information from across the archives and repositories could lead to more world leading research arising from EU institutions impacting on millions of individuals.
Bürgerliches Mäzenatentum und kommunale Kulturpolitik in Dortmund und Münster 1871-1933
Creators: name: Pielhoff, Stephen
Publisher: name: Moving the Social
Year: 2015

description: This is the contribution "Bürgerliches Mäzenatentum und kommunale Kulturpolitik in Dortmund und Münster 1871-1933" of MTS 28 (2003).
description: Moving the Social, Vol 28 (2003): Forschungen und Forschungsberichte
Resolving Complex Inner X-ray Structure of the Gravitationaly Lensed AGN MGB2016+112
Creators: name: Schwartz, Daniel
name: Spingola, Cristiana
name: Barnacka, Anna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use a Chandra X-ray observation of the gravitationally lensed system MGB2016+112 at z=3.273 to elucidate presence of at least two X-ray sources. We find that these sources are consistent with the VLBI components measured by \citet{Spingola19}, which are separated by $\sim 200$ pc. Their intrinsic 0.5 -- 7 keV source frame luminosities are 2.6$\times$10$^{43}$ and 4.2$\times$10$^{44}$ erg s$^{-1}$. Most likely this system contains a dual active galactic nucleus (AGN), but we possibly are detecting an AGN plus a pc-scale X-ray jet, the latter lying in a region at very high magnification. The quadruply lensed X-ray source is within $\pm$40 pc (1$σ$) of its VLBI counterpart. Using a gravitational lens as a telescope, and a novel statistical application, we have achieved unprecedented accuracy for measuring metric distances at such large redshifts in X-ray astronomy, which is tens of mas if the source is located close to the caustics, while it is of hundreds of mas if the source is in a region at lower amplification. The present demonstration of this approach has implications for future X-ray investigations of large numbers of lensed systems.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures, submitted to ApJ
Quantum superpositions and entanglement of thermal states at high temperatures and their applications to quantum information processing
Creators: name: Jeong, Hyunseok
name: Ralph, Timothy C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study characteristics of superpositions and entanglement of thermal states at high temperatures and discuss their applications to quantum information processing. We introduce thermal-state qubits and thermal-Bell states, which are a generalization of pure-state qubits and Bell states to thermal mixtures. A scheme is then presented to discriminate between the four thermal-Bell states without photon number resolving detection but with Kerr nonlinear interactions and two single-photon detectors. This enables one to perform quantum teleportation and gate operations for quantum computation with thermal-state qubits.
description: 12 pages, 11 figures, minor corrections, to be published in Phys. Rev. A