cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Ground Layer Adaptive Optics for the W. M. Keck Observatory: Feasibility Study
Creators: name: Lu, J. R.
name: Chun, M.
name: Ammons, S. M.
name: Bundy, K.
name: Dekany, R.
name: Do, T.
name: Gavel, D.
name: Kassis, M.
name: Lai, O.
name: Martin, C. L.
name: Max, C.
name: Steidel, C.
name: Wang, L.
name: Westfall, K.
name: Wizinowich, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ground-layer adaptive optics (GLAO) systems offer the possibility of improving the "seeing" of large ground-based telescopes and increasing the efficiency and sensitivity of observations over a wide field-of-view. We explore the utility and feasibility of deploying a GLAO system at the W. M. Keck Observatory in order to feed existing and future multi-object spectrographs and wide-field imagers. We also briefly summarize science cases spanning exoplanets to high-redshift galaxy evolution that would benefit from a Keck GLAO system. Initial simulations indicate that a Keck GLAO system would deliver a 1.5x and 2x improvement in FWHM at optical (500 nm) and infrared (1.5 micron), respectively. The infrared instrument, MOSFIRE, is ideally suited for a Keck GLAO feed in that it has excellent image quality and is on the telescope's optical axis. However, it lacks an atmospheric dispersion compensator, which would limit the minimum usable slit size for long-exposure science cases. Similarly, while LRIS and DEIMOS may be able to accept a GLAO feed based on their internal image quality, they lack either an atmospheric dispersion compensator (DEIMOS) or flexure compensation (LRIS) to utilize narrower slits matched to the GLAO image quality. However, some science cases needing shorter exposures may still benefit from Keck GLAO and we will investigate the possibility of installing an ADC.
description: 2018 Proceedings of the SPIE; published
On Neutrino Masses and Mixings from Extra Dimensions
Creators: name: Das, Ashok
name: Kong, Otto C. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the framework of a Kaluza-Klein type theory with the Standard Model fields localized on a 4-dimensional section while gravity propagates in a full $4+δ$-dimensional space-time, we examine a mechanism of naturally small neutrino mass generation through couplings of Standard Model singlet fermion(s) living also in the full space-time. A numerical studies is carried out on the charged current universality constraint from the ratio of pion decay partial widths. The bounds obtained on the fundamental mass scale could be stringent.
description: 16 pages latex, no figure; small modifications in discussions; version to appear in Phys.Lett. B
Supplementary Information from Extreme lower jaw elongation in a placoderm reflects high disparity and modularity in early vertebrate evolution
Creators: name: Jobbins, Melina
name: Rücklin, Martin
name: Sánchez Villagra, Marcelo R.
name: Lelièvre, Hervé
name: Grogan, Eileen
name: Szrek, Piotr
name: Klug, Christian
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 310499
subject: Evolutionary biology not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 370506
subject: Palaeontology (incl. palynology)

description: This file contains the full description of Alienacanthus, emended diagnosis, and notes on the phylogeny, including character list, and hyoid apparatus
Signatures of magnetic activity in the seismic data of solar-type stars observed by Kepler
Creators: name: Santos, A. R. G.
name: Campante, T. L.
name: Chaplin, W. J.
name: Cunha, M. S.
name: Lund, M. N.
name: Kiefer, R.
name: Salabert, D.
name: Garcia, R. A.
name: Davies, G. R.
name: Elsworth, Y
name: Howe, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the Sun, the frequencies of the acoustic modes are observed to vary in phase with the magnetic activity level. These frequency variations are expected to be common in solar-type stars and contain information about the activity-related changes that take place in their interiors. The unprecedented duration of Kepler photometric time-series provides a unique opportunity to detect and characterize stellar magnetic cycles through asteroseismology. In this work, we analyze a sample of 87 solar-type stars, measuring their temporal frequency shifts over segments of length 90 days. For each segment, the individual frequencies are obtained through a Bayesian peak-bagging tool. The mean frequency shifts are then computed and compared with: 1) those obtained from a cross-correlation method; 2) the variation in the mode heights; 3) a photometric activity proxy; and 4) the characteristic timescale of the granulation. For each star and 90-d sub-series, we provide mean frequency shifts, mode heights, and characteristic timescales of the granulation. Interestingly, more than 60% of the stars show evidence for (quasi-)periodic variations in the frequency shifts. In the majority of the cases, these variations are accompanied by variations in other activity proxies. About 20% of the stars show mode frequencies and heights varying approximately in phase, in opposition to what is observed for the Sun.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJS, 19(+86) pages, 11(+89) figures, 2(+87) tables
Floquet spin and spin-orbital Hamiltonians and doublon-holon generations in periodically driven Mott insulators
Creators: name: Hejazi, Kasra
name: Liu, Jianpeng
name: Balents, Leon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider Mott insulators driven by periodic coherent laser radiation, using both single orbital and multi-orbital models, noting that the latter is of more interest in solid state systems. We derive general expressions for the resulting periodically driven spin models and spin-orbital models using time-dependent perturbation theory. First, we show that the effective exchange interactions of the Floquet Hamiltonians are highly tunable by the frequency, amplitude, and polarization of the laser. Second, we take the effect of finite bandwidth of excitations into account and study possible heating effects. Using the same formalism with a slight modification we also consider the small frequency regime and study the dielectric breakdown of Mott insulators.
THE SENSITIVITY TO NEW PHYSICS OF A LEP SCAN IN 1995
Creators: name: Bamert, P.
name: Burgess, C. P.
name: Maksymyk, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the implications of possible off-peak measurements in the 1995 LEP run, in regard to probing physics beyond the Standard Model. To do so, we determine the accuracy with which various nonstandard couplings can be expected to be measured in the three different scan scenarios recently discussed by Clarke and Wyatt. We find that each scan scenario allows greater sensitivity to a different set of new physics couplings. Oblique parameters are best measured with the longest scan, while nonstandard fermion couplings to the Z tend to be better constrained (albeit only marginally) if all of the 1995 LEP measurements are taken on the Z peak.
description: Plain TeX, 9 pages, no figures. We have streamlined our presentation by omitting observables of our Class B. All else is completely unchanged.
Equilibrium Distribution of Heavy Quarks in Fokker-Planck Dynamics
Creators: name: Walton, D. Brian
name: Rafelski, Johann
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We obtain within Fokker-Planck dynamics an explicit generalization of Einstein's relation between drag, diffusion and equilibrium distribution for a spatially homogeneous system, considering both the transverse and longitudinal diffusion for dimension n>1. We then provide a complete characterization of when the equilibrium distribution becomes a Boltzmann/J"uttner distribution, and when it satisfies the more general Tsallis distribution. We apply this analysis to recent calculations of drag and diffusion of a charm quark in a thermal plasma, and show that only a Tsallis distribution describes the equilibrium distribution well. We also provide a practical recipe applicable to highly relativistic plasmas, for determining both diffusion coefficients so that a specific equilibrium distribution will arise for a given drag coefficient.
description: 4 pages including 2 figures
Detecting T-cell receptors involved in immune responses from single repertoire snapshots
Creators: name: Pogorelyy, Mikhail V
name: Minervina, Anastasia A
name: Shugay, Mikhail
name: Chudakov, Dmitriy M
name: Lebedev, Yuri B
name: Mora, Thierry
name: Walczak, Aleksandra M
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Genomics (q-bio.GN)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Hypervariable T-cell receptors (TCR) play a key role in adaptive immunity, recognising a vast diversity of pathogen-derived antigens. High throughput sequencing of TCR repertoires (RepSeq) produces huge datasets of T-cell receptor sequences from blood and tissue samples. However, our ability to extract clinically relevant information from RepSeq data is limited, mainly because little is known about TCR-disease associations. Here we present a statistical approach called ALICE (Antigen-specific Lymphocyte Identification by Clustering of Expanded sequences) that identifies TCR sequences that are actively involved in the current immune response from a single RepSeq sample, and apply it to repertoires of patients with a variety of disorders - autoimmune disease (ankylosing spondylitis), patients under cancer immunotherapy, or subject to an acute infection (live yellow fever vaccine). The method's robustness is demonstrated by the agreement of its predictions with independent assays, and is supported by its ability to selectively detect responding TCR in the memory but not in the naive subset. ALICE requires no longitudinal data collection nor large cohorts, and is thus directly applicable to most RepSeq datasets. Its results facilitate the identification of TCR variants associated with a wide variety of diseases and conditions, which can be used for diagnostics, rational vaccine design and evaluation of the adaptive immune system state.
Conceptual and Experimental Feasibility Study of a Superconductive Micro-Undulator
Creators: name: Hezel, T.
name: Rossmanith, R.
name: Krevet, B.
name: Moser, H. O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper the concept and the first successful tests towards constructing a superconductive micro-undulator with a period length of 3.8 mm are described. The structures were built with a commercially available NbTi wire. A full 100 periods prototype is now under construction.
title: ADCO, Cartulaire de l'abbaye de Cîteaux dit Cartulare Antiquum t.2 (2e moitié XIIIe siècle), Cart. 167 (11 H 67), f. 0056v
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Projet CBMA
name: CG21/F.PETOT/2010
name: Petot, Frédéric
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: cartulaire
subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge
subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: Cartulaire de l'abbaye de Cîteaux dit Cartulare Antiquum t.2 (2e moitié XIIIe siècle), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 167 (11 H 67), f. 0056v, Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Cartulaire de l'abbaye de Cîteaux dit Cartulare Antiquum t.2 (2e moitié XIIIe siècle), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 167 (11 H 67), f. 0056v, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https:// manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: abbaye de Cîteaux
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843261
description: Provenance: https://www.geonames.org/3024876
description: Provenance: http://www.idref.fr/030974844/id
Impact of Physical Principles at Very High Energy Scales on the Superparticle Mass Spectrum
Creators: name: Baer, Howard
name: Diaz, Marco
name: Quintana, Pamela
name: Tata, Xerxes
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We survey a variety of proposals for new physics at high scales that serve to relate the multitude of soft supersymmetry breaking parameters of the MSSM. We focus on models where the new physics results in non-universal soft parameters, in sharp contrast with the usually assumed mSUGRA framework. These include {\it i}) SU(5) and SO(10) grand unified (GUT) models, {\it ii}) the MSSM plus a right-handed neutrino, {\it iii}) models with effective supersymmetry, {\it iv}) models with anomaly-mediated SUSY breaking and gaugino mediated SUSY breaking, {\it v}) models with non-universal soft terms due to string dynamics, and {\it vi}) models based on $M$-theory. We outline the physics behind these models, point out some distinctive features of the weak scale sparticle spectrum, and allude to implications for collider experiments. To facilitate future studies, for each of these scenarios, we describe how collider events can be generated using the program ISAJET. Our hope is that detailed studies of a variety of alternatives will help point to the physics underlying SUSY breaking and how this is mediated to the observable sector, once sparticles are discovered and their properties measured.
description: revised to co-incide with published text
Robust Multi-Path Communications for UAVs in the Urban IoT
Creators: name: Shaikh, Zoheb
name: Baidya, Sabur
name: Levorato, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) systems are being increasingly used in a broad range of scenarios and applications. However, their deployment in urban areas poses important technical challenges. One of the most prominent concerns is the robustness of communications between the ground stations and the UAVs in a highly dynamic and crowded spectrum. Indeed, competing data streams may create local or temporary congestion impairing the ground stations to control the UAVs. The main contribution of this paper is a robust multi-path communication framework for UAV systems. The framework continuously probes the performance of multiple wireless multi-hop paths from the ground stations to each UAV, and dynamically selects the path providing the best performance to support timely control. Numerical results, based on a real-world implementation and extensive field experimentation, demonstrate the ability of the proposed framework to provide robust control against exogenous interference and network congestion.
description: This article has been accepted for publication in the IEEE International Conference on Sensing, Communication and Networking (SECON Workshops), 2018
No Spontaneous Breakdown of Chiral Symmetry in Nambu-Jona-Lasinio Model
Creators: name: Kleinert, H.
name: Bossche, B. Van den
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We argue that the spontaneous breakdown of symmetry in the chirally symmetric Nambu--Jona-Lasinio model which was supposed to illustrate the origin of the low mass of pions in hadron physics does not occur due to strong fluctuations in the sigma - pi field space. Although quarks acquire a constituent mass, sigma and pi turn out to have equal heavy masses of the order of the constituent quark mass.
description: Contains a number of improvements. Author Information under http://www.physik.fu-berlin.de/~kleinert/institution.html . Latest update of paper also at http://www.physik.fu-berlin.de/~kleinert/291
Additional file 1 of What resources do elderly people choose for managing their symptoms? Clarification of rural older people’s choices of help-seeking behaviors in Japan
Creators: name: Ohta, Ryuichi
name: Sato, Mikiya
name: Ryu, Yoshinori
name: Kitayuguchi, Jun
name: Maeno, Tetsuhiro
name: Sano, Chiaki
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1.
Ample groupoids: Equivalence, homology, and Matui's HK conjecture
Creators: name: Farsi, Carla
name: Kumjian, Alex
name: Pask, David
name: Sims, Aidan
Publisher: name: Mathematisches Institut (Universität Münster)
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 510 Mathematics

description: We investigate the homology of ample Hausdorff groupoids. We establish that a number of notions of equivalence of groupoids appearing in the literature coincide for ample Hausdorff groupoids, and deduce that they all preserve groupoid homology. We compute the homology of a Deaconu–Renault groupoid associated to k pairwise-commuting local homeomorphisms of a zero-dimensional space, and show that Matui’s HK conjecture holds for such a groupoid when k is one or two. We specialize to k-graph groupoids, and show that their homology can be computed in terms of the adjacency matrices, using a chain complex developed by Evans. We show that Matui’s HK conjecture holds for the groupoids of single vertex k-graphs which satisfy a mild joint-coprimality condition. We also prove that there is a natural homomorphism from the categorical homology of a k-graph to the homology of its groupoid.
Time Dependence of Coherent $P^{0}\bar{P}^{0}$ Decays and CP Violation at Asymmetric $B$ Factories
Creators: name: Xing, Zhi-zhong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A generic formalism is presented for the time-dependent or time-integrated decays of any coherent $P^{0}\bar{P}^{0}$ system ($P^{0} = K^{0}, D^{0}, B^{0}_{d}$, or $B^{0}_{s}$). To meet various possible measurements at asymmetric $B$ factories, we reanalyze some typical signals of CP violation in the coherent $B^{0}_{d}\bar{B}^ {0}_{d}$ transitions. The advantage of proper time cuts is illustrated for measuring mixing parameters and CP violation. We show that the direct and indirect CP asymmetries are distinguishable in neutral B decays to CP eigenstates. The possibility to detect the CP- forbidden processes at the $Υ(4S)$ resonance is explored in some detail.
description: 13 Latex pages including 3 figures
Supplementary table 1 from Extreme lower jaw elongation in a placoderm reflects high disparity and modularity in early vertebrate evolution
Creators: name: Jobbins, Melina
name: Rücklin, Martin
name: Sánchez Villagra, Marcelo R.
name: Lelièvre, Hervé
name: Grogan, Eileen
name: Szrek, Piotr
name: Klug, Christian
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 310499
subject: Evolutionary biology not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 370506
subject: Palaeontology (incl. palynology)

description: List of Alienacanthus specimens
Time-Dependent Local Density Approximation for Collective Excitations of Atomic Clusters
Creators: name: Bertsch, G. F.
name: Yabana, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the calculation of collective excitations in atomic clusters using the time-dependent local density approximation. In principle there are many formulations of the TDLDA, but we have found that a particularly efficient method for large clusters is to use a coordinate space mesh and the algorithms for the operators and the evolution equations that had been developed for the nuclear time-dependent Hartree-Fock theory. The TDLDA works remarkably well to describe the strong excitations in alkali metal clusters and in carbon clusters. We show as an example the benzene molecule, which has two strong features in its spectrum. The systematics of the linear carbon chains is well reproduced, and may be understood in rather simple terms.
description: 12 pages in Postscript
Commodity Prices, Stabilization, and Growth in Africa
Creators: name: Deaton, Angus
name: Deaton, Angus
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1992
Subjects: Industrial Organization
International Development
International Relations/Trade

description: Many African countries are dependent on the exports of a small number of primary commodities whose prices are extremely volatile. It has often been argued that commodity price fluctuations are poorly dealt with by African policy makers, that effective stabilization is rarely achieved, and that commodity price booms generate irreversible and often unproductive booms in government expenditures. This paper considers the nature of commodity prices, and whether it is possible to use an understandihg of their behavior to help design better policies. Neither time-series models nor more elaborate structural models are very helpful for the four commodities examined, and the results suggest that there is little scope for countries to stabilize their domestic consumption levels through compensation funds or through borrowing and lending on international capital markets. Political and fiscal arrangements are also examined as a possible source of poor policy making. The paper reviews the economic and political economy literature on pricing and taxation in Africa, and presents econometric evidence on the effects of commodity prices on GDP for 35 African countries taken together. Somewhat surprisingly in view of the literature, the evidence shows generally positive effects of commodity price booms; they generate a good deal of economic growth, and do so by stimulating productive investment.
Spectroscopic identification of INTEGRAL high-energy sources with VLT/ISAAC
Creators: name: Fortin, Francis
name: Chaty, Sylvain
name: Coleiro, Alexis
name: Tomsick, John
name: Nitschelm, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The INTEGRAL satellite has been observing the gamma-ray sky for 15 years and has detected over 900 X-ray sources of various nature. However, more than 200 of these sources still lack precise identification. Our goal is to reveal the nature of the high-energy sources detected by INTEGRAL. In particular, we want to improve the census of X-ray binaries. Photometry and spectroscopy were performed in July 2012 on 14 INTEGRAL sources in near-infrared at the Very Large Telescope on the European Southern Observatory-UT3 telescope equipped with the ISAAC spectrograph. We used K$_s$ images reaching to a depth of magnitude 18.5 to look for unique counterparts to high-energy detections to check for both extended sources and photometric variability. The analysis of near-infrared spectral features allows us to constrain the nature of these X-ray sources by comparing them to stellar spectra atlases. We present photometric and/or spectroscopic data for 14 sources (IGR J00465$-$4005, IGR J10447$-$6027, IGR J12489$-$6243, IGR J13020$-$6359, IGR J13186$-$6257, IGR J15293$-$5609, IGR J17200$-$3116, IGR J17404$-$3655, IGR J17586$-$2129, IGR J17597$-$2201, IGR J18457+0244, IGR J18532+0416, IGR J19308$+$0530, and IGR J19378$-$0617). We conclude that 5 of these are active galactic nuclei, 5 are cataclysmic variables, 2 are low- or intermediate-mass X-ray binaries, and 2 are Be high-mass X-ray binaries.
description: 15 pages
The Internal Organization of Government
Creators: name: Triole, Jean
name: Triole, Jean
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1992
Subjects: Institutional and Behavioral Economics

description: So far, incentive theory has been mainly motivated by and applied to private organizations. Yet, in view of the important role played by civil servants and politicians in our economies and in developing countries, it is worth asking what differentiates a corporate executive and a government official. The first part of the paper discusses some specificities of the design of incentives in the public sector: Multiplicity of goals, nonmeasurabilities, unclear weighing of formal incentives, lack of comparison, and heterogeneity of principals. It is argued that low-powered incentives are a natural consequence of the specificities of government. The second part of the paper discusses some implications of low-powered incentives. First, career concerns, associated with the prospect of reelection, promotion or employment in the private sector, are even more pervasive than in the private sector. Career concerns are articulated around some mission that is pursued by the government official. This mission however need-not be the socially desirable one. Indeed, there is a potential multiplicity of missions that can be followed by rational officials. Furthermore, composite missions that reflect the several goals of social optimization may not be in the official's self-interest. Our economic analysis here complements recent work in political science on government agencies. Second, the paper discusses the issue of regulatory capture and corruption, and how institutional design may naturally respond to low-powered incentives. While the second part of the paper analyzes individual incentives, the third part studies the division of labor within government: 1) Intertemporal division of labor between successive administrations and constitutional limits on commitment by the State, 2) Division of labor between the government and the private sector and the costs and benefits of privatization. 3) Division of labor among ministries and the use of multiple principals to control economic agents. 4) Division of labor aimed at creating information for public decision making and the use of enfranchised advocates of specific interests.
Additional file 2 of What resources do elderly people choose for managing their symptoms? Clarification of rural older people’s choices of help-seeking behaviors in Japan
Creators: name: Ohta, Ryuichi
name: Sato, Mikiya
name: Ryu, Yoshinori
name: Kitayuguchi, Jun
name: Maeno, Tetsuhiro
name: Sano, Chiaki
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2.
Scale independent spin effects in D-brane dynamics
Creators: name: Morales, Jose F.
name: Scrucca, Claudio A.
name: Serone, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study spin interactions between two moving D-branes using the Green-Schwarz formalism of boundary states. We focus our attention on the leading terms for small velocities v, of the form v^{4-n}/r^{7-p+n} (v^{2-n}/r^{3-p+n}) for p-p (p-p+4) systems, with 16 (8) supercharges. In analogy with standard G-S computations of massless four-point one-loop amplitudes in Type I theory, the above terms are governed purely by zero modes, massive states contributions cancelling as expected by the residual supersymmetry. This implies the scale invariance of these leading spin-effects, supporting the relevant matrix model descriptions of supergravity interactions; in this context, we also discuss similar results for more general brane configurations. We then give a field theory interpretation of our results, that allows in particular to deduce the gyromagnetic ratio g=1 and the presence of a quadrupole moment for D0-branes.
description: 31 pages, 3 figures, RevTex; final version to appear on Nuclear Physics B
Phase-field approach to evolution and interaction of twins in single crystal magnesium
Creators: Amirian, Benhour
Jafarzadeh, Hossein
Abali, Bilen Emek
Reali, Alessandro
Hogan, James D.
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2022

Crack initiation and propagation as well as abrupt occurrence of twinning are challenging fracture problems where the transient phase-field approach is proven to be useful. Early-stage twinning growth and interactions are in focus herein for a magnesium single crystal at the nanometer length-scale. We demonstrate a basic methodology in order to determine the mobility parameter that steers the kinetics of phase-field propagation. The concept is to use already existing molecular dynamics simulations and analytical solutions in order to set the mobility parameter correctly. In this way, we exercise the model for gaining new insights into growth of twin morphologies, temporally-evolving spatial distribution of the shear stress field in the vicinity of the nanotwin, multi-twin, and twin-defect interactions. Overall, this research addresses gaps in our fundamental understanding of twin growth, while providing motivation for future discoveries in twin evolution and their effect on next-generation material performance and design.
New Formulation of Matter Effects on Neutrino Mixing and CP Violation
Creators: name: Xing, Zhi-zhong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Within the framework of three lepton families we have derived an exact and compact formula to describe the matter effect on neutrino mixing and CP violation. This model- and parametrization-independent result can be particularly useful for recasting the fundamental lepton flavor mixing matrix from a variety of long-baseline neutrino experiments.
description: Latex 9 pages. Phys. Lett. B (in printing)
Design of a questionnaire for detecting contact lens discomfort: the Contact Lens Discomfort Index
Creators: name: Arroyo, Cristina Arroyo-del
name: Fernández, Itziar
name: la Rosa, Alberto López-de
name: Pinto-Fraga, José
name: González-García, María J.
name: López-Miguel, Alberto
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Questionnaires can provide unique information regarding the status of a condition from the perspective of the patient. Contact lens (CL) discomfort (CLD) is a condition subjectively reported by CL users; thus, updated and reliable questionnaires are needed. The objective of this study was to design a new questionnaire for identifying CLD, based on the currently established CLD definition considered in the Tear Film and Ocular Surface CLD Workshop. A survey to characterise CL wearers was created and administered. Some items of the survey were selected by a focus group and analysed using a Rasch model to develop a questionnaire to identify CLD. Unidimensionality was checked applying principal components analysis. To build a plausible CLD classification (symptomatic vs asymptomatic), an unsupervised cluster analysis was used. Gower’s general similarity coefficient, the partitioning around medoids algorithm, and the silhouette width were calculated. The reliability of the questionnaire was assessed using the intraclass correlation coefficient and Cohen’s kappa coefficient. A study was performed to compare this questionnaire with the Contact Lens Dry Eye Questionnaire (CLDEQ)-8. The 31-item survey was completed by 1104 volunteers, and the posterior analysis resulted in a 9-item questionnaire, the Contact Lens Discomfort Index (CLDI). It showed a good fit with the model (mean square infit and outfit values range was 0.76–1.10), and good unidimensionality (eigenvalues ≤ 1.3). The CLDI score range was 0–18 and the cut-off score for identifying CLD was 8. The intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.88 (95% confidence interval, 0.75–0.94), and kappa was 0.67 (95% confidence interval, 0.41–0.93). Comparison of the CLDI with the CLDEQ-8 in a sample of 58 CL wearers showed that 70.7% were classified equally by both questionnaires. The CLDI is a well-structured instrument, with acceptable psychometric properties, making it a valid and reliable tool to measure CL-related symptoms.
Additional file 3 of What resources do elderly people choose for managing their symptoms? Clarification of rural older people’s choices of help-seeking behaviors in Japan
Creators: name: Ohta, Ryuichi
name: Sato, Mikiya
name: Ryu, Yoshinori
name: Kitayuguchi, Jun
name: Maeno, Tetsuhiro
name: Sano, Chiaki
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 3.
Neutrino mass patterns, R-parity violating supersymmetry and associated phenomenology
Creators: name: Mukhopadhyaya, Biswarup
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by the recent SuperKamiokande results on atmospheric neutrinos, we incorporate massive neutrinos, with large angle oscillation between the second and third generations, in a theory with R-parity violating supersymmetry. The general features of such a theory are briefly reviewed. We emphasize its testability through the observation of comparable numbers of muons and taus, produced together with the W-boson, in decays of the lightest neutralino. A distinctly measurable decay gap is another remarkable feature of such a scenario.
description: 7 pages, latex, talk delivered at the Discussion Meeting on Neutrino Physics, Physical Research Laboratory, Ahmedabad, India, February 2-4, 1999
Development of a novel Korean reading chart
Creators: name: Sung, Youngje
name: Kwon, Hee Jung
name: Choi, Seung Woo
name: Song, Won Kyung
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Measuring reading ability is a crucial part of assessing patients who complain of reduced vision. Foreign language versions of such charts need to be developed and validated. It is difficult to measure or predict Korean reading ability due to a lack of a representative reading charts in Korean, and previous charts have limited capacity to detect deficits in reading ability among Korean patients with eye diseases. Two printed versions of the reading chart were created. Thirty-four patients with no change in vision in the last three months and no expected change in vision in the next four weeks were included in this study. The results were validated by testing 13 normal-sighted adults (group 1), 14 patients with various macular diseases whose visual acuity was equal or better than 0.5 logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) (group 2), and seven patients with various macular diseases whose visual acuities were between 1.3 logMAR and 0.5 logMAR (group 3). Inter-chart and intra-subject repeatabilities were assessed for maximum reading speed (MRS) and critical print size (CPS). A total of 38 sentences were tested on 34 adults in three groups. Groups 1 and 2 did not differ significantly in terms of MRS and CPS. The MRS was lower in group 3, for each chart and between visits. The CPS was larger in group 3, for each chart and between visits, with the exception of chart 2 during visit one. With regard to test-retest reliability, the intraclass correlation co-efficients (ICCs) for chart 1 and chart 2 were more than 0.900. With regard to inter-chart reliability, the ICCs were more than 0.892, respectively. The reading chart developed in this study was reliable in producing consistent results among a normal Korean population and patients with various macular diseases.
Additional file 9: of Correlations between plasma and PET beta-amyloid levels in individuals with subjective cognitive decline: the Fundació ACE Healthy Brain Initiative (FACEHBI)
Creators: name: Rojas, Itziar De
name: J. Romero
name: O. Rodríguez-Gomez
name: P. Pesini
name: A. Sanabria
name: A. Pérez-Cordon
name: C. Abdelnour
name: I. Hernández
name: M. Rosende-Roca
name: A. Mauleón
name: L. Vargas
name: M. Alegret
name: A. Espinosa
name: G. Ortega
name: S. Gil
name: M. Guitart
name: A. Gailhajanet
name: M. Santos-Santos
name: Moreno-Grau, Sonia
name: O. Sotolongo-Grau
name: S. Ruiz
name: L. Montrreal
name: E. Martín
name: E. Pelejà
name: F. Lomeña
name: F. Campos
name: A. Vivas
name: M. Gómez-Chiari
name: M. Tejero
name: J. Giménez
name: V. Pérez-Grijalba
name: G. Marquié
name: G. Monté-Rubio
name: S. Valero
name: A. Orellana
name: L. Tárraga
name: M. Sarasa
name: A. Ruiz
name: M. Boada
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Evolutionary Biology

description: Figure S3. Linear regression between FBB-PET and Aβ TP42/40 plasma ratio in APOE ε4 stratification SCD population. A) APOE ε4 carriers; B) APOE ε4 noncarriers. (PDF 115 kb)
A polarization-induced 2D hole gas in undoped gallium nitride quantum wells
Creators: name: Chaudhuri, Reet
name: Bader, Samuel James
name: Chen, Zhen
name: Muller, David A.
name: Huili
name: Xing
name: Jena, Debdeep
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The long-missing polarization-induced two-dimensional hole gas is finally observed in undoped gallium nitride quantum wells. Experimental results provide unambiguous proof that a 2D hole gas in GaN grown on AlN does not need acceptor doping, and can be formed entirely by the difference in the internal polarization fields across the semiconductor heterojunction. The measured 2D hole gas densities, about $4 \times 10^{13}$ cm$^{-2}$, are among the highest among all known semiconductors and remain unchanged down to cryogenic temperatures. Some of the lowest sheet resistances of all wide-bandgap semiconductors are seen. The observed results provide a new probe for studying the valence band structure and transport properties of wide-bandgap nitride interfaces, and simultaneously enable the missing component for gallium nitride-based p-channel transistors for energy-efficient electronics.
description: 20 pages, 4 + 2 figures
Additional file 1: of Representativeness of variation benchmark datasets
Creators: name: Schaafsma, Gerard
name: Vihinen, Mauno
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Computational Biology

description: Tables S1-S24 with the chromosomal distributions of variants in datasets DS2-DS24. (PDF 122â kb)
Development of a novel Korean reading chart
Creators: name: Sung, Youngje
name: Kwon, Hee Jung
name: Choi, Seungwoo
name: Song, Won Kyung
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Clinical relevance: Measuring reading ability is a crucial part of assessing patients who complain of reduced vision. Foreign language versions of such charts need to be developed and validated. Background: It is difficult to measure or predict Korean reading ability due to a lack of a representative reading charts in Korean, and previous charts have limited capacity to detect deficits in reading ability among Korean patients with eye diseases. Methods: Two printed versions of the reading chart were created. Thirty-four patients with no change in vision in the last three months and no expected change in vision in the next four weeks were included in this study. The results were validated by testing 13 normal-sighted adults (group 1), 14 patients with various macular diseases whose visual acuity was equal or better than 0.5 logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) (group 2), and seven patients with various macular diseases whose visual acuities were between 1.3 logMAR and 0.5 logMAR (group 3). Inter-chart and intra-subject repeatabilities were assessed for maximum reading speed (MRS) and critical print size (CPS). Results: A total of 38 sentences were tested on 34 adults in three groups. Groups 1 and 2 did not differ significantly in terms of MRS and CPS. The MRS was lower in group 3, for each chart and between visits. The CPS was larger in group 3, for each chart and between visits, with the exception of chart 2 during visit one. With regard to test-retest reliability, the intraclass correlation co-efficients (ICCs) for chart 1 and chart 2 were more than 0.900. With regard to inter-chart reliability, the ICCs were more than 0.892, respectively. Conclusion: The reading chart developed in this study was reliable in producing consistent results among a normal Korean population and patients with various macular diseases.
Additional file 8: of Correlations between plasma and PET beta-amyloid levels in individuals with subjective cognitive decline: the Fundació ACE Healthy Brain Initiative (FACEHBI)
Creators: name: Rojas, Itziar De
name: J. Romero
name: O. Rodríguez-Gomez
name: P. Pesini
name: A. Sanabria
name: A. Pérez-Cordon
name: C. Abdelnour
name: I. Hernández
name: M. Rosende-Roca
name: A. Mauleón
name: L. Vargas
name: M. Alegret
name: A. Espinosa
name: G. Ortega
name: S. Gil
name: M. Guitart
name: A. Gailhajanet
name: M. Santos-Santos
name: Moreno-Grau, Sonia
name: O. Sotolongo-Grau
name: S. Ruiz
name: L. Montrreal
name: E. Martín
name: E. Pelejà
name: F. Lomeña
name: F. Campos
name: A. Vivas
name: M. Gómez-Chiari
name: M. Tejero
name: J. Giménez
name: V. Pérez-Grijalba
name: G. Marquié
name: G. Monté-Rubio
name: S. Valero
name: A. Orellana
name: L. Tárraga
name: M. Sarasa
name: A. Ruiz
name: M. Boada
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Figure S2. Scatter plots for FBB-PET global SUVR and Aβ plasma ratios in SCD subjects. Correlations between plasma biomarkers and brain Aβ burden. Biomarkers values plotted against SUVR values from FBB-PET imaging: FP42/40 (A), BP42/40 (B), FP42/TP42 (C), and FP40/TP40 (D). (PDF 286 kb)
Study of D*(2010)+- Production in ep Collisions at HERA
Creators: name: ZEUS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the first observation of charmed mesons with the ZEUS detector at HERA using the decay channel ${\rm D}^{*+}\rightarrow (\Do \rightarrow {\rm K}^-π^+)π^+$ (+ c.c.). Clear signals in the mass difference $ΔM$=$M$(D$^*$)--$M$(D$^0)$ as well as in the $M(Kπ)$ distribution at the D$^0$ mass are found. The $ep$ cross section for inclusive \DSpm\ production with $Q^2<4~\GeV^2$ in the $γp$ centre-of-mass energy range $115 < W < 275$ \GeV\ has been determined to be $(32 \pm 7^{+4}_{-7} )$ nb in the kinematic region \mbox{\{$p_T(\DS)\geq $ 1.7 \,\GeV, $|η(\DS)| < 1.5 $\}}. Ex\-tra\-po\-la\-ting outside this region, assuming a mass of the charm quark of 1.5 \GeV, we estimate the $ep$ charm cross section to be $σ(e p \rightarrow c \bar{c}X ) = (0.45 \pm 0.11^{+0.37}_{-0.22}) \, μ{\rm b} $ at \mbox{$\sqrt{s} = 296$}~\GeV\ and $\langle W \rangle = 198$ \GeV. The average $γp$ charm cross section \mbox{$σ(γp \rightarrow c \bar{c}X )$} is found to be \mbox{$(6.3 \pm 2.2^{+6.3}_{-3.0}) \, μ{\rm b} $} at $\langle W \rangle = 163$ \GeV\ and \mbox{$(16.9 \pm 5.2^{+13.9}_{-8.5}) \, μ{\rm b} $} at $\langle W \rangle = 243$ \GeV. The increase of the total charm photoproduction cross section by one order of magnitude with respect to low energy data experiments is well described by QCD NLO calculations using singular gluon distributions in the proton.
description: 19 pages, latex, 3 figures appended as uuencoded file
Supplementary methods and analyses from Rapid divergent evolution of internal female genitalia and the coevolution of male genital morphology revealed by micro-computed tomography
Creators: name: Sloan, Nadia S.
name: Harvey, Mark S.
name: Huey, Joel A.
name: Simmons, Leigh W.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 310499
subject: Evolutionary biology not elsewhere classified

description: Animal genitalia are thought to evolve rapidly and divergently in response to sexual selection. Studies of genital evolution have focused largely on male genitalia. The paucity of work on female genital morphology is probably due to problems faced in quantifying shape variation, due to their composition and accessibility. Here we use a combination of micro-computed tomography, landmark free shape quantification and phylogenetic analysis to quantify the rate of female genital shape evolution among 29 species of Antichiropus millipedes, and their coevolution with male genitalia. We found significant variation in female and male genital shape among species. Male genital shape showed a stronger phylogenetic signal than female genital shape, although the phylogenetic signal effect sizes did not differ significantly. Male genital shape was found to be evolving 1.2 times faster than female genital shape. Female and male genital shape exhibited strong correlated evolution, indicating that genital shape changes in one sex are associated with corresponding changes in the genital shape of the other sex. This study adds novel insight into our growing understanding of how female genitalia can evolve rapidly and divergently, and highlights the advantages of three-dimensional techniques and multivariate analyses in studies of female genital evolution.
H2+ ion in strong magnetic field: a variational study
Creators: name: Lopez, J. C.
name: Hess, P. O.
name: Turbiner, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using a single trial function we perform an accurate calculation of the ground state $1σ_g$ of the hydrogenic molecular ion $H^+_2$ in a constant uniform magnetic field ranging $0-10^{13}$ G. We show that this trial function also makes it possible to study the negative parity ground state $1σ_u$. We obtain that over the whole range of magnetic fields studied, the calculated binding energies are in most cases larger than binding energies obtained previously by other authors using different methods.
description: RevTeX, 15 pages including 7 postscript figures (uuencoded) Title changed, several clarifying sentences added, Typos corrected. To be published in Phys. Rev. A