cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Glitches in four gamma-ray pulsars and inferences on the neutron star structure
Creators: name: Gügercinoğlu, E.
name: Ge, M. Y.
name: Yuan, J. P.
name: Zhou, S. Q.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present timing solutions from the Fermi-LAT observations of gamma-ray pulsars PSR J0835$-$4510 (Vela), PSR J1023$-$5746, PSR J2111$+$4606, and PSR J2229$+$6114. Data ranges for each pulsar extend over a decade. From data analysis we have identified a total of 20 glitches, 11 of which are new discoveries. Among them, 15 glitches are large ones with $Δν/ν\gtrsim10^{-6}$. PSR J1023$-$5746 is the most active pulsar with glitch activity parameter being $A_{\rm g}=14.5\times10^{-7}$\yr~in the considered data span and should be a target for frequently glitching Vela-like pulsars in future observations. We have done fits within the framework of the vortex creep model for 16 glitches with $Δν/ν\gtrsim10^{-7}$. By theoretical analysis of these glitches we are able to obtain important information on the structure of neutron star, including moments of inertia of the superfluid regions participated in glitches and coupling time-scales between various stellar components. The theoretical prediction for the time to the next glitch from the parameters of the previous one is found to be in qualitative agreement with the observed inter-glitch time-scales for the considered sample. Recoupling time-scales of the crustal superfluid are within the range of theoretical expectations and scale inversely with the spin-down rate of a pulsar. We also determined a braking index n=2.63(30) for PSR J2229$+$6114 after glitch induced contributions have been removed.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
[Brev til DKNVS]
Creators: name: Schwach, Conrad Nicolai
name: Det Kongelige Norske Videnskabers Selskab (DKNVS)
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1842

description: Takker for at VS vil bekoste trykkingen av hans verk om de nordiske mynter og oversender en avhandling om heraldikk
Thermodynamics and dynamics of a 1-D gravitational system
Creators: name: Valageas, Patrick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe a one-dimensional self-gravitating system derived from the problem of large-scale structure formation in cosmology. Considering small times so that the expansion can be neglected we present a thermodynamical analysis of this system. We find a second-order phase transition at $T_{c1}$ from an homogeneous equilibrium at high temperature to a clustered phase (with a density peak at one of the boundaries of the system) at low temperature. There also exists an infinite series of unstable equilibria which appear at lower temperatures $T_{cn}$, reflecting the scale-free nature of the gravitational interaction and the usual Jeans instability. We find that, as for the similar HMF (Hamiltonian mean field) model, all three micro-canonical, canonical and grand-canonical ensembles agree with each other, as well as with the stability properties associated with a hydrodynamical approach. On the other hand, the collisionless dynamics governed by the Vlasov equation yields the same results except that at low $T$ the equilibrium associated with two density peaks (one at each boundary) becomes stable.
description: 16 pages, published in A&A
title: The effects of vitamin D supplementation on muscle function among postmenopausal women
title: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Tabrizi, Reza
name: Hallajzadeh, Jamal
name: Mirhosseini, Naghmeh
name: Lankarani, Kamran B.
name: Maharlouei, Najmeh
name: Akbari, Maryam
name: Asemi, Zatollah
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Vitamin D supplementation
subject: Muscle function
subject: Postmenopausal women
subject: Meta-analysis
subject: 610

description: The loss of muscle mass and its strength is one of the most critical changes in aging which is associated with an increased risk of falls, osteoporotic fractures and mobility disability. Vitamin D, with its extra-skeletal benefits, might improve muscle function in elderly. The current systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was conducted to summarize available relevant data and determine the effect of vitamin D supplementation on muscle function among postmenopausal women. We reach ed databases including; Cochrane library, Embase, PubMed, and Web of Science database until the end of May 2018 to identify relevant published RCTs. Heterogeneity among included studies was assessed using Q-test and I2 statistics. Random-effect model was applied to pool data and weighted mean differen ce (WMD) was calculated representing summary effect size. Outcomes of interest included the eff ects of vitamin D supplementation on hand grip strength (HGS), back muscle strength (BMS), and Timed Up and Go (TUG). Twelve RCTs out of 1739 potential reports were included in our meta-analysis. The pooled findings showed that vitamin D supplementation had no significant effect on HGS (WMD -0.03 kilogram (Kg); 95 % CI, -0.26, 0.20; P=0.78), BMS (WMD 7.21 newton (N); 95 % CI, -5.98, 20.40; P=0.28), and TUG (WMD 0.01 second (S); 95 % CI, -0.17, 0.18; P=0.93) in postmenopausal women. Overall, the current meta-analysis showed that taking vitamin D supplementation by postmenopausal women did not affect markers of muscle function. Further studies are required to confirm the effect of vitamin D supplementation on markers of muscle function.
description: EXCLI Journal;Vol. 18 2019
MEASURING THE EFFECTS OF THE "TIMING OF TIME" ON SHADOW VALUES OF LEISURE TIME
Creators: name: Larson, Douglas M.
name: Lew, Daniel K.
name: Barrett, James M.
name: Larson, Douglas M.
name: Lew, Daniel K.
name: Barrett, James M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Consumer/Household Economics

description: The "timing of leisure time" is important to determining its opportunity cost. Shadow values of different leisure activities from a model of consumer choice subject to multiple binding time constraints are estimated from survey data on peoples' preferences for different activities, their time and money costs, and their consumption choices.
THE DYNAMICS OF AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY ADOPTION: LESSONS FROM RBST USE IN WISCONSIN, 1994-2001
Creators: name: Barham, Bradford L.
name: Jackson-Smith, Douglas
name: Moon, Sunung
name: Barham, Bradford L.
name: Jackson-Smith, Douglas
name: Moon, Sunung
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: This paper explores the dynamics of rBST adoption using panel data from Wisconsin dairy farmers that span the period from its commercial introduction in 1994 to 2001. The panel data allow an examination of a broader range of adoption behavior that includes disadoption, early and late adoption, as well as persistent non-adoption. The data also permit attention to endogeneity concerns that arise in cross-sectional analyses of technology adoption, where potential predictors are also choice variables. Differences in both complementary technology use and farm size are identified as key predictors of adoption behavior, as are farmer attitudes toward this controversial technology.
Molecular evidence of current and historical introgressive hybridization between bull trout (Salvelinus confluentus) and Dolly Varden (S. malma)
Creators: name: Redenbach, Zoë
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Natural hybridization, once thought to be relatively rare, has been widely observed in both plants and animals. Studies of species that hybridize at low rates across wide ranges, however, are still relatively rare. Dolly Varden (Salvelinus malma) and bull trout (S. confluentus) have widely overlapping ranges and have been shown to hybridize at two localities. This thesis is a molecular analysis of Dolly Varden/bull trout hybridization over a range of spatial scales. Large-scale mtDNA phylogeography revealed that Dolly Varden survived the last glaciation in a previously unsuspected refuge south of the ice sheet, which resulted in continuous sympatry of a Dolly Varden refugial population with bull trout over the last 100,000 years. Discordant mitochondrial and nuclear phylogenies revealed historical introgression of bull trout mitochondrial DNA into Dolly Varden. Population samples revealed widespread local sympatry and current hybridization throughout the overlapping range, with hybrids consisting of 0 to 25% of the local samples. A detailed analysis of hybridization within a single watershed in north-central British Columbia revealed that individuals of hybrid origin form 9% of the juvenile population of char (0.5% F₁, 0.5% Fn, and 8% backcross genotypes). Initial interspecific hybridization is unidirectional, Dolly Varden male by bull trout female, likely attributable to a 'sneaking' mating strategy used by smaller Dolly Varden males. The F₁ hybrids were fertile and backcrossed with both parental species. The introgression of nuclear and mitochondrial alleles was asymmetrical, with bull trout mtDNA and Growth Hormone 2 introgressing into Dolly Varden at higher levels than both the three other nuclear loci and the reverse direction introgression of Dolly Varden alleles into bull trout, suggesting that the strength of selection can vary across nuclear loci and between species. As Dolly Varden and bull trout appear to be distinct species in sympatry, despite introgressive hybridization, a balance between gene flow and selection must be in place. I suggest that selection acts primarily against the adult hybrid population, as the morphological and behavioural intermediacy of hybrid and backcross individuals as adults would affect their potential reproductive success and their ability to succeed in either of the two alternate life histories bull trout and Dolly Varden adopt in sympatry (adfluvial vs. stream-resident).
Differential effects of luteolin and its glycosides on invasion and apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 triple-negative breast cancer cells
Creators: name: Lee, Jiyon
name: Park, Su-Ho
name: Lee, Jintak
name: Chun, Hyunwoo
name: Choi, Myoung-Kwon
name: Yoon, Jae-Hwan
name: Pham, Thu-Huyen
name: Kim, Ki Hong
name: Kwon, Taeho
name: Ryu, Hyung-Won
name: Oh, Sei-Ryang
name: Yoon, Do-Young
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Luteolin
subject: Breast cancer
subject: Tumor migration
subject: Invasion
subject: Apoptosis
subject: 610

description: Luteolin is known to have anticancer activity in various ca ncers. Recent studies have shown that luteolin glyco- sides, such as luteolin-8- C - β -fucopyranoside, 7-methoxy-luteolin-8-C- β -(6- deoxyxylopyranos-3-uloside) and lu- teolin-8-C- β - D -glucopyranoside, flavonoid s that are present in Arthraxon hispidus , exert antimigratory and anti- invasive effects, but no cytotoxic effect in estrogen receptor-positive MCF7 breast cancer cells. In the present study, we further investigated and compared differential effects of luteolin and its glycosides in MDA-MB-231 triple-negative breast cancer cells. Lute olin suppressed the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 and inhibited migration and invasion in MDA-MB-231 cells treated with the tumor promotor 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13- acetate at non-cytotoxic concentrations (0, 5, and 10 μ M). Furthermore, at cytotoxic concentrations (20 and 40 μ M), luteolin induced apoptosis via extrinsic and intrinsic pathways in MDA-MB-231 cells. However, luteolin glycosides did not exert any cytotoxic, antimigratory, or anti-invasive effect in MDA-MB-231 cells . In brief, l u- teolin had both antimetastatic and cytotoxic effects on MDA-MB-231 cells, whereas luteolin glycosides had no effect on this cell line. Taking together the present results and our previous findings on the differential effects of luteolin and its glycosides on MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 br east cancer cells, luteolin and its glycosides can be suggested as a potential candida te for breast cancer therapy.
description: EXCLI Journal;Vol. 18 2019
Low-Order Nonlinear Animal Model of Glucose Dynamics for a Bihormonal Intraperitoneal Artificial Pancreas
Creators: name: Lopez-Zazueta, Claudia
name: Stavdahl, Øyvind
name: Fougner, Anders Lyngvi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Other Quantitative Biology (q-bio.OT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Objective: The design of an Artificial Pancreas (AP) to regulate blood glucose levels requires reliable control methods. Model Predictive Control has emerged as a promising approach for glycemia control. However, model--based control methods require computationally simple and identifiable mathematical models that represent glucose dynamics accurately, which is challenging due to the complexity of glucose homeostasis. Methods: In this work, a simple model is deduced to estimate blood glucose concentration in subjects with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM). Novel features in the model are power--law kinetics for intraperitoneal insulin absorption and a separate glucagon sensitivity state. Profile likelihood and a method based on singular value decomposition of the sensitivity matrix are carried out to assess parameter identifiability and guide a model reduction for improving the identification of parameters. Results: A reduced model with 10 parameters is obtained and calibrated, showing good fit to experimental data from pigs where insulin and glucagon boluses were delivered in the intraperitoneal cavity. Conclusion: A simple model with power--law kinetics can accurately represent glucose dynamics submitted to intraperitoneal insulin and glucagon injections. The reduced model was found to exhibit local practical as well as structural identifiability. Importance: The proposed model facilitates intraperitoneal bi-hormonal model-based closed-loop control in animal trials.
Recent advances in heme biocatalysis engineering
Creators: name: Schmitz, Lisa Marie
name: Rosenthal, Katrin
name: Lütz, Stephan
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (P450s)
subject: Genomic data mining
subject: Heme enzymes
subject: Heme peroxidases
subject: Peroxygenases
subject: Protein engineering
subject: 660

description: Heme enzymes have the potential to be widely used as biocatalysts due to their capability to perform a vast variety of oxidation reactions. In spite of their versatility, the application of heme enzymes was long time‐limited for the industry due to their low activity and stability in large scale processes. The identification of novel natural biocatalysts and recent advances in protein engineering have led to new reactions with a high application potential. The latest creation of a serine‐ligated mutant of BM3 showed an efficient transfer of reactive carbenes into C═C bonds of olefins reaching total turnover numbers of more than 60,000 and product titers of up to 27 g/L−1. This prominent example shows that heme enzymes are becoming competitive to chemical syntheses while being already advantageous in terms of high yield, regioselectivity, stereoselectivity and environmentally friendly reaction conditions. Advances in reactor concepts and the influencing parameters on reaction performance are also under investigation resulting in improved productivities and increased stability of the heme biocatalytic systems. In this mini review, we briefly present the latest advancements in the field of heme enzymes towards increased reaction scope and applicability.
description: Biotechnology and bioengineering;116(12)
(NON)COMPLIANCE WITH AGRICULTURAL CONSERVATION PROGRAMS: THEORY AND EVIDENCE
Creators: name: Giannakas, Konstantinos
name: Kaplan, Jonathan D.
name: Giannakas, Konstantinos
name: Kaplan, Jonathan D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: Land Economics/Use

description: This paper introduces enforcement costs and farmer noncompliance into the economic analysis of the USDA conservation program on highly erodible lands. A model of heterogeneous producers is developed to determine the economic causes of farmer noncompliance with the provisions of the conservation program. In addition, the paper determines the enforcement policy design that can induce conservation compliance and examines the effectiveness of the current enforcement policy in deterring producer noncompliance. The implications of the theoretical model are tested empirically with data provided by USDA. The analysis shows that farmer compliance with the provisions of the conservation program is not necessarily the natural outcome of self-interest and complete deterrence of noncompliance is not feasible with the current enforcement policy of the government. Both theoretical and empirical results indicate that the use of farm program payments as a leverage against noncompliance is not sufficient for inducing full producer compliance. Unless the government alters its policy on fines for fraudulent behavior, enforcement of conservation compliance will remain imperfect and some degree of noncompliance with the provisions of the program on highly erodible lands will continue to persist.
A Stringent Upper Limit on Dark Matter Self-Interaction Cross Section from Cluster Strong Lensing
Creators: name: Andrade, Kevin E.
name: Fuson, Jackson
name: Gad-Nasr, Sophia
name: Kong, Demao
name: Minor, Quinn
name: Roberts, M. Grant
name: Kaplinghat, Manoj
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze strongly lensed images in 8 galaxy clusters to measure their dark matter density profiles in the radial region between 10 kpc and 150 kpc, and use this to constrain the self-interaction cross section of dark matter (DM) particles. We infer the mass profiles of the central DM halos, bright central galaxies, key member galaxies, and DM subhalos for the member galaxies for all 8 clusters using the Qlens code. The inferred DM halo surface densities are fit to a self-interacting dark matter (SIDM) model, which allows us to constrain the self-interaction cross section over mass $σ$/m. When our full method is applied to mock data generated from two clusters in the Illustris-TNG simulation, we find results consistent with no dark matter self-interactions as expected. For the eight observed clusters with average relative velocities of $1458_{-81}^{+80}$ km/s, we infer $σ$/m = $0.082_{-0.021}^{+0.027}$ cm$^2$/g and $σ$/m < 0.13 cm$^2$/g at the 95% confidence level.
description: 28 pages
Ramsey partitions and proximity data structures
Creators: name: Mendel, Manor
name: Naor, Assaf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Computational Geometry (cs.CG)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper addresses two problems lying at the intersection of geometric analysis and theoretical computer science: The non-linear isomorphic Dvoretzky theorem and the design of good approximate distance oracles for large distortion. We introduce the notion of Ramsey partitions of a finite metric space, and show that the existence of good Ramsey partitions implies a solution to the metric Ramsey problem for large distortion (a.k.a. the non-linear version of the isomorphic Dvoretzky theorem, as introduced by Bourgain, Figiel, and Milman). We then proceed to construct optimal Ramsey partitions, and use them to show that for every e\in (0,1), any n-point metric space has a subset of size n^{1-e} which embeds into Hilbert space with distortion O(1/e). This result is best possible and improves part of the metric Ramsey theorem of Bartal, Linial, Mendel and Naor, in addition to considerably simplifying its proof. We use our new Ramsey partitions to design the best known approximate distance oracles when the distortion is large, closing a gap left open by Thorup and Zwick. Namely, we show that for any $n$ point metric space X, and k>1, there exists an O(k)-approximate distance oracle whose storage requirement is O(n^{1+1/k}), and whose query time is a universal constant. We also discuss applications of Ramsey partitions to various other geometric data structure problems, such as the design of efficient data structures for approximate ranking.
description: 21 pages. Two explanatory figures were added, a few typos were fixed
THE EFFECTS OF EXCHANGE RATE FLUCTUATIONS ON LIVE HOG TRADE BETWEEN THE U.S. AND CANADA
Creators: name: Zhao, Zishun
name: Klein, Nicole L.
name: Santos, Joseph M.
name: Zhao, Zishun
name: Klein, Nicole L.
name: Santos, Joseph M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: International Relations/Trade

description: The real exchange rate is often blamed as a main reason for the increased imports of live hogs from Canada. This study uses co-integration of weekly data from Jan 1997 to Jun 2000 to examine the real exchange rate fluctuations and their effects on live hog trade between the two countries.
WAGE DIFFERENTIALS AND TRADE RELATIONSHIPS IN JAMAICA: APPLICATIONS OF TRUNCATED REGRESSION MODELS AND REPEATED CROSS-SECTION DATA
Creators: name: Scott, Ewan
name: Emerson, Robert D.
name: Scott, Ewan
name: Emerson, Robert D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: Labor and Human Capital

description: Labor and skill premiums and their relationships with trade measures are simultaneously estimated within the framework of an individual level labor supply model for Jamaica using truncated regression models. Increased imports from the US were found to reduce the return to unskilled labor, and increase the skill premium in Jamaica. Increased exports to the US had the opposite effects on returns to Jamaican skilled and unskilled labor.
Energy conditions for a generally coupled scalar field outside a reflecting sphere
Creators: name: Schwartz-Perlov, Delia
name: Olum, Ken D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the stress-energy tensor for a scalar field with general curvature coupling, outside a perfectly reflecting sphere with Dirichlet boundary conditions. For conformal coupling we find that the null energy condition is always obeyed, and therefore the averaged null energy condition (ANEC) is also obeyed. Since the ANEC is independent of curvature coupling, we conclude that the ANEC is obeyed for scalar fields with any curvature coupling in this situation. We also show how the spherical case goes over to that of a flat plate as one approaches the sphere.
description: Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D
In vitro transfection of anti-tumor miR-101 induces BIM, a pro-apoptotic protein, expression in acute myeloid leukemia (AML)
Creators: name: Nikoonahad Lotfabadi, Narges
name: Mohseni Kouchesfahani, Homa
name: Sheikhha, Mohammad Hasan
name: Kalantar, Seyed Mehdi
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: AML
subject: miR-101
subject: BIM
subject: Apoptosis
subject: 610

description: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) frequently relapses after initial treatment, though it is possible that drug resistance occurs. Hence, it seems necessary to develop novel therapies such as gene therapy specifically via miRNA trans- fection. MicroRNA-101 has been considered as a tumor suppressor in different types of cancer. It is demonstrated that exogenous miR-101 transfection is associated with decreased viability in AML in this paper. Besides, the increase of pro-apoptotic protein BIM expression in both mRNA and protein level has been illustrated. The recent findings provide an insight into the novel function of miR-101 in AML by activating BIM as an important mediator in intrinsic apoptosis pathways. Generally, miR-101 has been considered as a therapeutic target in our data and might have a valuable role in AML.
description: EXCLI Journal;Vol. 16 2017
WHAT IS THE VALUE OF BT CORN?
Creators: name: Hurley, Terrance M.
name: Mitchell, Paul D.
name: Rice, Marlin E.
name: Hurley, Terrance M.
name: Mitchell, Paul D.
name: Rice, Marlin E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: A common perception is that the value of Bt corn arises from two components-Bt corn increases expected profit and reduces profit variability. This perception encourages farmers and the policy makers to add a risk benefit to estimates of the value of Bt corn to account for the variability reduction. However, a conceptual model generates a useful decomposition of the value of Bt corn and a condition determining the impact of Bt corn on profit variability. An empirical model finds that Bt corn increases profit variability and thus decreases the value of Bt corn by 10-25% depending on risk preferences.
Proving Quantum Programs Correct
Creators: name: Hietala, Kesha
name: Rand, Robert
name: Hung, Shih-Han
name: Li, Liyi
name: Hicks, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As quantum computing progresses steadily from theory into practice, programmers will face a common problem: How can they be sure that their code does what they intend it to do? This paper presents encouraging results in the application of mechanized proof to the domain of quantum programming in the context of the SQIR development. It verifies the correctness of a range of a quantum algorithms including Grover's algorithm and quantum phase estimation, a key component of Shor's algorithm. In doing so, it aims to highlight both the successes and challenges of formal verification in the quantum context and motivate the theorem proving community to target quantum computing as an application domain.
description: version 4 updated DOI (paper content is the same); version 3 (final version) has updated formatting and improved writing; version 2 includes updated acknowledgments and a new appendix with simple SQIR example programs
Quantum operator growth bounds for kicked tops and semiclassical spin chains
Creators: name: Yin, Chao
name: Lucas, Andrew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a framework for understanding the dynamics of operator size, and bounding the growth of out-of-time-ordered correlators, in models of large-$S$ spins. Focusing on the dynamics of a single spin, we show the finiteness of the Lyapunov exponent in the large-$S$ limit; our bounds are tighter than the best known Lieb-Robinson-type bounds on these systems. We numerically find our upper bound on Lyapunov exponents is within an order of magnitude of numerically computed values in classical and quantum kicked top models. Generalizing our results to coupled large-$S$ spins on lattices, we show that the butterfly velocity, which characterizes the spatial speed of quantum information scrambling, is finite as $S\rightarrow\infty$. We emphasize qualitative differences between operator growth in semiclassical large-spin models, and quantum holographic systems including the Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev model.
description: 7+3 pages, 2 figures. v2: modified/improved Lieb-Robinson and quantum walk bounds. v3: published version
Evaluation of in vitro and in vivo anticancer potential of two 5-acetamido chalcones against breast cancer
Creators: name: Wankhede, Sonal
name: Kumar, Nitesh
name: Simon, Lalitha
name: Biswas, Subhankar
name: Gourishetti, Karthik
name: Ramalingayya, Grandhi Venkata
name: Joshi, Mit
name: Rao, C. Mallikarjuna
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Chalcones
subject: Breast cancer
subject: N-methyl-N-nitrosourea
subject: 610

description: Two 5’acetamido chalcones, C1 and C2 were synthesized by Claisen-Schmidt condensation method and characterized by IR, LC-MS, 1H NMR and 13C NMR. These compounds were evaluated for anticancer activity in vitro in breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231) using MTT assay, anti-metastatic assay, apoptotic screening by AO/EB staining and in vivo in N-Methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU) induced breast carcinoma model. Sprague-Dawley rats with developed tumors (50 mg/kg MNU i.p.) were grouped in four, namely MNU control (0.25 % of CMC p.o.), standard group (doxorubicin 2 mg/kg once in 4 days, i.p.), C1 and C2 groups (50 mg/kg p.o. each). After 21 days of treatments, tumor volume and weight were assessed. Excised tumors were subjected to DNA fragmentation study. MTT assay showed IC50 values of 62.56 and 37.8 µM by for C1 and C2. Both compounds increased apoptotic bodies more than 3 fold compared to normal control in AO/EB staining. Antimeta- static (scratch wound) assay showed a significant (p<0.05) reduction in cell migration after 24 h and 48 h treat- ments compared to normal control. In in vivo studies, tumor weight and tumor volume were significantly (p<0.05) reduced in the doxorubicin group as well as in test groups compared to MNU control. DNA fragmentation assay showed an increase in the number of bands formed in C1 and C2 compared to normal control. Results obtained from in vitro and in vivo studies demonstrated the significant anticancer potentials of C1 and C2.
description: EXCLI Journal;Vol. 16 2017
PRODUCTION RISK REVISITED IN A STOCHASTIC FRONTIER FRAMEWORK: EVALUATING NOISE AND INEFFICIENCY IN COVER CROP SYSTEMS
Creators: name: Jaenicke, Edward C.
name: Larson, James A.
name: Jaenicke, Edward C.
name: Larson, James A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Risk and Uncertainty

description: This paper investigates both risk and technical inefficiency in a general stochastic frontier framework that is consistent with the Just-Pope framework. After applying the model to two separate cash crop-cover crop systems, the more general stochastic frontier model is found to reorder the noisiness of alternative cover crop regimes.
Higher risk of progressing breast cancer in Kurdish population associated to CDH1 -160 C/A polymorphism
Creators: name: Zarei, Farzaneh
name: Menbari, Mohammad Nazir
name: Ghaderi, Bayazid
name: Abdi, Mohammad
name: Vahabzadeh, Zakaria
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Breast cancer
subject: CDH1
subject: Metastasis
subject: Polymorphism
subject: Prognosis
subject: 610

description: There is an increasing interest about studying possible effects of genetic polymorphisms and risk of cancer pro- gression. E-cadherin (CDH1) involves in many important cellular processes including cell-cell interactions, cell development and genetic changes of this molecule has been associated with greater tumor metastasis. The present study was aimed to evaluate the possible role of CDH1 -160 C/A polymorphism as a potential risk factor for breast cancer in Kurdish population. This case-control study consisted of 100 breast cancer patients and 200 healthy controls. Clinicopathological findings of all individuals were reported and immunohistochemistry staining was carried out on tissue samples. The CDH1 -160 C/A genotype was determined by polymerase chain reaction- re- striction fragment length polymorphism method (PCR-RFLP). CDH1 -160 C/A polymorphism was differently distributed between patient and control groups. The A allele of CDH1 -160 C/A polymorphism significantly in- creased in patients compared to controls. In addition we found that the A allele of this polymorphism might be a potential risk factor for progression of breast cancer in our studied population. Patients with A allele of CDH1 -160 C/A was in higher risk to progress invasive ductal carcinoma. The A allele was also correlated with high grade and stage IV and also with metastatic tumors in studied subjects. The CDH1 -160 C/A polymorphism is correlated with clinicopathologial findings of breast cancer patients. The A allele of CDH1 -160 C/A may be a risk factor for progression of breast cancer in Kurdish patients.
description: EXCLI Journal;Vol. 16 2017
Elastic alpha-scattering of 112Sn and 124Sn at astrophysically relevant energies
Creators: name: Galaviz, D.
name: Fulop, Zs.
name: Gyurky, Gy.
name: Mate, Z.
name: Mohr, P.
name: Rauscher, T.
name: Somorjai, E.
name: Zilges, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The cross sections for the elastic scattering reactions {112,124}Sn(a,a){112,124}Sn at energies above and below the Coulomb barrier are presented and compared to predictions for global alpha-nucleus potentials. The high precision of the new data allows a study of the global alpha-nucleus potentials at both the proton and neutron-rich sides of an isotopic chain. In addition, local alpha-nucleus potentials have been extracted for both nuclei, and used to reproduce elastic scattering data at higher energies. Predictions from the capture cross section of the reaction 112Sn(a,g)116Te at astrophysically relevant energies are presented and compared to experimental data.
description: 20 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. C
Asiagone signifera, new species
Creators: name: Tanasevitch, Andrei V.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Linyphiidae
Asiagone
Asiagone signifera

description: Asiagone signifera new species Figs 1–6 Types. Holotype. ♂, LAOS, Champasak Prov., Muang Bachieng, Ban Lak 35, That Itou, 15 ° 11 '37,7''N 106 °06'06,3''E, 810 m a.s.l., secondary forest, close to river, leaf litter, at day, sieving, 26.XI. 2009, leg. P. Jäger & S. Bayer. Paratypes. 1 ♂, same data, together with holotype. 1 ♂, Champasak Prov., Muang Bachieng, Pak Song, 15 ° 10 '36,0''N 106 ° 14 '15,2''E, 1280 m a.s.l., plateau, pine forest, at day, by hand, sweepnet, 27.XI. 2009, leg. P. Jäger. Etymology. The specific name is a Latin adjective, meaning “bearing a sign or flag,” referring to the peculiar shape of the “flag” in the distal part of the embolus. Diagnosis. A. signifera n. sp. is very similar to A. perforata n. sp. and is distinguished by the presence of a distal conical outgrowth on the tegulum and by the peculiar conformation of the embolus, distally bearing a semilunar, “flag-shaped,” chitinous tunic outgrowth (see also below). Description. Male holotype. Total length 2.05. Carapace 1.03 long, 0.65 wide, unmodified (Fig. 1), sulci absent, yellow to pale brown, with a broad, grey, friable margin. Chelicerae unmodified, 0.48 long, stridulatory furrows fine. Legs pale brown. Leg I, 4.21 long (1.08 + 0.25 + 1.10 + 1.03 + 0.75), IV, 3.87 long (1.05 + 0.23 + 1.03 + 0.98 + 0.58). Chaetotaxy 2.2. 1.1, length of spines about 1.5–2 diameter of segment. All metatarsi with a trichobothrium. TmI, 0.43. Palp (Figs 2–6): Tibia unmodified, slightly elongated, rounded distally, retrolateral apical edge with a small projection. Paracymbium L-shaped. Tegulum with a small conical outgrowth distally, slightly ventrad. Distal suprategular apophysis flat, abruptly truncate apically. Radical part of embolic division very small, surrounded by membranous tissue around which connects the convector to the radix. Convector crescent-shaped, with its outer margin folded forming a gutter sheathing for the distal part of the embolus; distal part of convector claw-shaped (DC in figs). Embolus long and thick, forming a loop, distal half embedded in convector. Distal part of embolus with a semilunar, “flag-shaped”, chitinous tunic outgrowth. Opisthosoma 1.13 long, 0.78 wide, dorsally pale, almost white, with a longitudinal row of four pairs of large grey spots; posterior pair of spots almost connected. Female. Unknown. Variation. Third and fourth pairs of dorsal abdominal spots can be fused. Distribution. Known from two localities in Champasak Province, Laos.
description: Published as part of Tanasevitch, Andrei V., 2014, New species and records of linyphiid spiders from Laos (Araneae, Linyphiidae), pp. 67-89 in Zootaxa 3841 (1) on pages 69-70, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3841.1.3, http://zenodo.org/record/286780
DEVELOPING A RETAIL MANAGEMENT COURSE: A CASE STUDY OF APEC 3821
Creators: name: Nefstead, Ward E.
name: Nefstead, Ward E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession

description: The author reports on the process of developing a retail management course to fit the agricultural economics curriculum. Retail examples are obtained from farm supply, garden centers and retail food businesses. Unique differences for these applications are discussed and incorporated in the instruction of the designated course. A course evaluation is provided.
Quantum coding with low-depth random circuits
Creators: name: Gullans, Michael J.
name: Krastanov, Stefan
name: Huse, David A.
name: Jiang, Liang
name: Flammia, Steven T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Random quantum circuits have played a central role in establishing the computational advantages of near-term quantum computers over their conventional counterparts. Here, we use ensembles of low-depth random circuits with local connectivity in $D\ge 1$ spatial dimensions to generate quantum error-correcting codes. For random stabilizer codes and the erasure channel, we find strong evidence that a depth $O(\log N)$ random circuit is necessary and sufficient to converge (with high probability) to zero failure probability for any finite amount below the optimal erasure threshold, set by the channel capacity, for any $D$. Previous results on random circuits have only shown that $O(N^{1/D})$ depth suffices or that $O(\log^3 N)$ depth suffices for all-to-all connectivity ($D \to \infty$). We then study the critical behavior of the erasure threshold in the so-called moderate deviation limit, where both the failure probability and the distance to the optimal threshold converge to zero with $N$. We find that the requisite depth scales like $O(\log N)$ only for dimensions $D \ge 2$, and that random circuits require $O(\sqrt{N})$ depth for $D=1$. Finally, we introduce an "expurgation" algorithm that uses quantum measurements to remove logical operators that cause the code to fail by turning them into additional stabilizers or gauge operators. With such targeted measurements, we can achieve sub-logarithmic depth in $D\ge 2$ below capacity without increasing the maximum weight of the check operators. We find that for any rate beneath the capacity, high-performing codes with thousands of logical qubits are achievable with depth 4-8 expurgated random circuits in $D=2$ dimensions. These results indicate that finite-rate quantum codes are practically relevant for near-term devices and may significantly reduce the resource requirements to achieve fault tolerance for near-term applications.
description: 23 pages, 11 figures; v1: Presented at QIP 2021; v2: Accepted journal version, minor changes to improve readability and rigor
The predictive value of pre- and post-induction chemotherapy plasma EBV DNA level and tumor volume for the radiosensitivity of locally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Creators: name: Song, Yang
name: Xiao, He
name: Yang, Zhenzhou
name: Geng, Mingying
name: Ma, Jungang
name: Ren, Yujiang
name: Liu, Yun
name: Wang, Ge
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma
subject: Epstein-Barr virus
subject: Induction chemotherapy
subject: Intensity-modulated radiation therapy
subject: Radiosensitivity,
subject: Logistic regression
subject: 610

description: This study was dedicated to investigate the predictive value of pre- and post-induction chemotherapy plasma EBV (Epstein-Barr Virus) DNA level and tumor volume for the radiosensitivity of locally advanced NPC. 129 previously untreated locally advanced NPC patients were enrolled. Plasma EBV-DNA copy number and tumor volume was detected before and after induction chemotherapy. The tumor volume was also measured after radiotherapy. Among 129 patients, 98 were positive for EBV DNA. The residual gross target volume of the primary tumor (GTVnx) and GTVnd after radiotherapy was positively correlated with post-induction chemotherapy EBV copy number (rho=0.357, P<0.001; rho=0.356, P<0.001, respectively). Univariate logistic regression analyses showed that the AUC of ROC curves of post-induction chemotherapy tumor volume, tumor regression rate before and after induction chemotherapy, post-induction EBV copy number, EBV decrease rate for predicting no residual nasopharyngeal tumor were 0.859, 0.782, 0.678 and 0.657, respectively. Multivariate logistic analyses showed that T stage, post-induction chemotherapy EBV copy number and tumor volume were independent predictors for no residual nasopharyngeal tumor after radiotherapy. The changes in plasma EBV DNA and tumor volume during treatment could be used to predict the sensitivity of locally advanced NPC patients in response to intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT).
description: EXCLI Journal;Vol. 16 2017
L-type CA2+ channel mediated CA2+ transient discriminates different firing patterns in hippocampal CA1 neurons : a modeling study
Creators: name: Ren, Jihong
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Evidence suggests an important role for L-type voltage sensitive Ca + channels (VSCCs) in activating immediate early genes (Murphy et al. 1991). To understand how L-type VSCCs regulate somatic and nuclear Ca2 + dynamics in response to different synaptic bursting waveforms that might be associated with unique forms of plasticity, we have modeled hippocampal CA1 neuron electrophysiology and intracellular Ca2+ dynamics. The model reproduces most of the eletrophysiological properties of hippocampal CA1 neurons, such as bursting vs. nonbursting behavior, AP frequency accommodation and AP back propagation. We examined Ca²⁺ influx through L-type VSCCs, and the resulting intracellular Ca²⁺ transient in response to simulated waveforms obtained with different presynaptic firing frequencies, active conductances and synaptic conductances. Simulation results suggest that L-type VSCCs prefer synaptic stimuli and conditions that result in a high depolarization plateau over other types of waveforms including repetitive APs, subthreshold EPSPs, or bursting firing. It was found that low activation potential and slow activation rate of L-type VSCCs contribute to the selective response of L-type VSCCs to firing patterns. Pharmacological experiments and simulation results suggest an important role of intracellular Ca²⁺ stores in nuclear Ca²⁺ elevation in response to either single AP or tetanic synaptic stimulus. Moreover, previous studies in muscle suggest a specific spatial relationship between the L-type VSCCs and the ryanodine receptor. Therefore, we sought to determine whether a similar coupling between Ca²⁺ channels and stores would facilitate Ca²⁺-induced Ca²⁺ release (CICR) action. Moving the Ca²⁺ stores away from the Ca²⁺ channels (from 50 nm to 2 μm) resulted in a large reduction in the elevation of Ca²⁺ transient.
[Brev til DKNVS]
Creators: name: Romsdals Amt
name: Det Kongelige Norske Videnskabers Selskab (DKNVS)
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1842

description: Gårdbruker Hans Pedersen Overaas ønsker å vite om han får til å bære sin sølvmedalje uten spesiell tillatelse
VISIBLE CHOICE SETS AND SCOPE SENSITIVITY IN CONTINGENT VALUES
Creators: name: Bateman, Ian J.
name: Cole, Matthew A.
name: Cooper, P.
name: Georgiou, Stavros
name: Hadley, David
name: Poe, Gregory L.
name: Bateman, Ian J.
name: Cole, Matthew A.
name: Cooper, P.
name: Georgiou, Stavros
name: Hadley, David
name: Poe, Gregory L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: Through a combination of experimental and field analysis, we demonstrate that varying the visible choice set (i.e., set of goods which, at any given point in a valuation exercise, the respondent perceives as being the full extent of purchase options which will be made available in the course of that exercise) strongly affects observed scope. These results challenge the conclusion that contingent values are plagued by embedding and ordering effects, suggesting that such effects can be eliminated when the respondent is completely informed about the entirety of valuation tasks prior to answering the first elicitation question.
A thermodynamic probe of the topological phase transition in epitaxial graphene based Floquet topological insulator
Creators: name: Kumar, Abhishek
name: Benjamin, Colin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One can use light to tune certain materials, from a trivial to a topological phase. A prime example of such materials, classified as Floquet topological insulators (FTI), is epitaxial graphene. In this paper, we probe the topological phase transition of an FTI via the efficiency and work output of quantum Otto and quantum Stirling heat engines. A maximum/minimum in the efficiency or work output invariably signals the phase transition point. Further, both engines' work output and efficiency are markedly robust against the polarization direction of light.
description: 24 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication in Journal of Applied Physics (2021)
INCORPORATING SERVICE LEARNING IN YOUR COURSES: TIPS FROM THE TRENCHES
Creators: name: Mathews, Leah Greden
name: Mathews, Leah Greden
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession

description: Service learning is a form of experiential learning that can benefit the student, the campus, and the community. This paper is designed to introduce faculty to service learning, and assist instructors with the nuts and bolts of designing and implementing a successful service learning experience for students.
Star formation rate density and the stochastic background of gravitational waves
Creators: name: de Araujo, J. C. N.
name: Miranda, O. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There is in the literature a number of papers addressing the stochastic background of gravitational waves (GWs) generated by an ensemble of astrophysical sources. The main ingredient in such studies is the so called star formation rate density (SFRD), which gives the density of stars formed per unit time. Some authors argue, however, that there is, in the equation that determines the amplitude of the stochastic background of GWs, an additional (1+z) term dividing the SFRD, which would account for the effect of cosmic expansion onto the time variable. We argue here that the inclusion of this additional term is wrong. In order to clarify where the inclusion of the (1+z) term is really necessary, we briefly discuss the calculation of event rates in the study of GRBs (gamma ray bursts) from cosmological origin.
description: 4 pages