cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Soliton phase near antiferromagnetic quantum critical point in Q1D conductors
Creators: name: Gor'kov, L. P.
name: Grigoriev, P. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the frameworks of a nesting model for Q1D organic conductor at the antiferromagnetic (SDW) quantum critical point the first-order transition separates metallic state from the soliton phase having the periodic domain structure. The low temperature phase diagram also displays the 2nd-order transition line between the soliton and the uniformly gapped SDW phases. The results agree with the phase diagram of (TMTSF)$_2$PF$_6$ near critical pressure [T. Vuletic et al., Eur. Phys. J. B 25, 319 (2002)]. Detection of the 2nd-order transition line is discussed. We comment on superconductivity at lowest temperature.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure
Association of neighborhood gentrification with prostate cancer and immune markers in african american and european american men
Creators: name: Pichardo, Catherine M.
name: Ezeani, Adaora
name: Pichardo, Margaret S.
name: Agurs-Collins, Tanya
name: Powell-Wiley, Tiffany M.
name: Ryan, Brid
name: Zewdu Minas, Tsion
name: Bailey-Whyte, Maeve
name: TANG, WEI
name: Dorsey, Tiffany H.
name: Wooten, William
name: Loffredo, Christopher A.
name: Ambs, Stefan
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 42
subject: Health sciences
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Background: Prior studies showed that neighborhood deprivation increases the risk of lethal prostate cancer. However, the role of neighborhood gentrification in prostate cancer development and outcome remains poorly understood. We examined the relationships of gentrification with prostate cancer and serum proteome defined inflammation and immune function in a diverse cohort. Methods: The case–control study included 769 cases [405 African American (AA), 364 European American (EA) men] and 1023 controls (479 AA and 544 EA), with 219 all-cause and 59 prostate cancer-specific deaths among cases. Geocodes were linked to a neighborhood gentrification index (NGI) derived from US Census data. Cox and logistic regression, and MANOVA, were used to determine associations between NGI, as continuous or quintiles (Q), and outcomes. Results: Adjusting for individual socioeconomic status (SES), continuous NGI was positively associated with prostate cancer among all men (odds ratio [OR] 1.07, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.01–1.14). AA and low-income men experienced the highest odds of prostate cancer when residing in tracts with moderate gentrification, whereas EA men experienced reduced odds of regional/metastatic cancer with increased gentrification in SES-adjusted analyses. Continuous NGI also associated with mortality among men presenting with localized disease and low-income men in SES-adjusted Cox regression analyses. NGI was not associated with serum proteome-defined chemotaxis, inflammation, and tumor immunity suppression. Conclusions: Findings show that neighborhood gentrification associates with prostate cancer and mortality in this diverse population albeit associations were heterogenous within subgroups. The observations suggest that changing neighborhood socioeconomic environments may affect prostate cancer risk and out-come, likely through multifactorial mechanism
Bulk-edge correspondence in the Haldane phase of the bilinear-biquadratic spin-1 Hamiltonian
Creators: name: Roy, Sudipto Singha
name: Santalla, Silvia N.
name: Rodríguez-Laguna, Javier
name: Sierra, Germán
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Haldane phase is the prototype of symmetry protected topological (SPT) phases of spin chain systems. It can be protected by several symmetries having in common the degeneracy of the entanglement spectrum. Here we explore in depth this degeneracy for the spin-1 AKLT and bilinear-biquadratic Hamiltonians and show the emergence of a bulk-edge correspondence that relates the low energy properties of the entanglement Hamiltonian of a periodic chain and that of the physical Hamiltonian of an open chain. We find that the entanglement spectrum can be described in terms of two spins-1/2 behaving as the effective spins at the end of the open chain. In the case of non-contiguous partitions, we find that the entanglement Hamiltonian is given by the spin-1/2 Heisenberg Hamiltonian, which suggests a relationship between SPT phases and conformal field theory. We finally investigate the string order parameter and the relation with the bulk-edge correspondence.
description: 16 pages, 10 figures, 3 tables, close to the published version
The $^4$He$(e,e^\prime p)^3$H Reaction with Full Final--State Interaction
Creators: name: Quaglioni, Sofia
name: Efros, Victor D.
name: Leidemann, Winfried
name: Orlandini, Giuseppina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An {\it ab initio} calculation of the $^4$He$(e,e^\prime p)^3$H longitudinal response is presented. The use of the integral transform method with a Lorentz kernel has allowed to take into account the full four--body final state interaction (FSI). The semirealistic nucleon-nucleon potential MTI--III and the Coulomb force are the only ingredients of the calculation. The reliability of the direct knock--out hypothesis is discussed both in parallel and in non parallel kinematics. In the former case it is found that lower missing momenta and higher momentum transfers are preferable to minimize effects beyond the plane wave impulse approximation (PWIA). Also for non parallel kinematics the role of antisymmetrization and final state interaction become very important with increasing missing momentum, raising doubts about the possibility of extracting momentum distributions and spectroscopic factors. The comparison with experimental results in parallel kinematics, where the Rosenbluth separation has been possible, is discussed.
description: 17 pages, 5 figures
Wave transmission past a floating breakwater with a perforated fence
Creators: name: Mulligan, Ryan Patrick
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Floating breakwaters are used to attenuate wave action near shorelines and provide wave protection in marinas. Many different designs have been used. This thesis describes a field and numerical study of wave propagation past a particular floating breakwater design. The design corresponds to a pile restrained, concrete caisson, floating breakwater with a perforated fence. The floating breakwater has been installed at Ganges on Saltspring Island, British Columbia. Field tests were carried out to estimate the transmission characteristics of the breakwater by subjecting it to boat-generated waves with varying heights, periods and directions. Several phenomena that influence the wave transmission, including the boat-generated wave characteristics, reflected and evanescent waves and breakwater motions are addressed in the analysis. The numerical model is based on two-dimensional linear wave diffraction theory. The model is used to evaluate the breakwater's wave transmission performance for varying breakwater dimensions, wave periods, wave directions, breakwater motions and damping coefficients. The suitability and performance of the design predicted by the field study and numerical analysis are assessed. Of the parameters that were examined in the analysis of the floating breakwater the breakwater dimensions were determined to have the greatest effect on wave transmission, the degree of damping and breakwater motions both have a large influence on the results and the incident wave direction has a relatively small effect. Overall, the breakwater performs well for low wave-energy environments or in environments where the wave climate is dominated by boat-generated waves. The vertical perforated fence attached to the concrete caisson extends the effective draft of the floating breakwater and has been shown to improve wave reflection and cause increased damping. Therefore, the fence decreases wave transmission past the floating breakwater. Due to gaps in the pile wells, the breakwater may undergo some roll motions, and it tends to behave as freely floating for short period waves, in which case roll resonance can occur.
Self-driving car safety quantification via component-level analysis
Creators: name: Vaicenavicius, Juozas
name: Wiklund, Tilo
name: Grigaitė, Austė
name: Kalkauskas, Antanas
name: Vysniauskas, Ignas
name: Keen, Steven
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we present a rigorous modular statistical approach for arguing safety or its insufficiency of an autonomous vehicle through a concrete illustrative example. The methodology relies on making appropriate quantitative studies of the performance of constituent components. We explain the importance of sufficient and necessary conditions at the component level for the overall safety of the vehicle as well as the cost-saving benefits of the approach. A simple concrete automated braking example studied illustrates how separate perception system and operational design domain statistical analyses can be used to prove or disprove safety at the vehicle level.
description: Various minor linguistic, typographical, and notational improvements. To appear in the SAE International Journal of Connected and Automated Vehicles, 4(1):2021, doi:10.4271/12-04-01-0004
Reconciling EHT and Gas Dynamics Measurements in M87: Is the Jet Misaligned at Parsec Scales?
Creators: name: Jeter, Britton
name: Broderick, Avery E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Event Horizon Telescope mass estimate for M87* is consistent with the stellar dynamics mass estimate, and inconsistent with the gas dynamics mass estimates by up to $2σ$. We have previously explored a new gas dynamics model that incorporated sub-Keplerian gas velocities that could in principle explain the discrepancy in the stellar and gas dynamics mass estimate. In this paper, we extend this gas dynamical model to also include non-trivial disk heights, which may also resolve the mass discrepancy independent of sub-Keplerian velocity components. By combining the existing velocity measurements and the EHT mass estimate, we place constraints on the gas disk inclination and sub-Kelplerian fraction. These constraints require the parsec-scale ionized gas disk be misaligned with the milli-arcsecond radio jet by at least $11^{\circ}$, and more typically $27^{\circ}$. Modifications to the gas dynamics model either by introducing sub-Keplerian velocities or thick disks produces further misalignment with the radio jet. If the jet is produced in a Blandford-Znajek-type process, the angular momentum of the black hole is decoupled with the angular momentum of the large scale gas feeding M87*.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures. Published in the Astrophysical Journal Feb. 19 2021
IMPACTS OF INCREASED CLIMATE VARIABILITY ON THE PROFITABILITY OF MIDWEST AGRICULTURE
Creators: name: Dixon, Bruce L.
name: Segerson, Kathleen
name: Dixon, Bruce L.
name: Segerson, Kathleen
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: climate change
subject: climate variability
subject: Midwest
subject: profit function

description: Approximate profit functions are estimated using time-series, cross-sectional, county level data for 12 midwest states. Measures of climate variability are included in the profit functions. Simulated impacts of climate changes on profits are derived. Results show that inclusion of measures of climate variation are important for measuring the impact of changes in mean temperature and precipitation levels. Failure to account for the impact of differences in variability leads to an overestimate of damages. If global warming increases diurnal variation, such increases would have negative impacts on the profitability of midwest agriculture.
Phase space patterns of quantum transport on ordered and disordered networks
Creators: name: Xu, Xinping
name: Liu, Feng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we consider the quantum-mechanical phase space patterns on ordered and disordered networks. For ordered networks in which each node is connected to its 2m nearest neighbors (m on either side), the phase space quasi-probability of Wigner function shows various patterns. In the long time limit, on even-numbered networks, we find an asymmetric quasi-probability between the node and its opposite node. This asymmetry depends on the network parameters and specific phase space positions. For disordered networks in which each edge is rewired with probability p>0, the phase space displays regional localization on the initial node.
description: Syntax corrected and more discussion added. Accepted for publication in Phys. ReV. A
Gluon parton densities in soft-wall AdS/QCD
Creators: name: Lyubovitskij, Valery E.
name: Schmidt, Ivan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the gluon parton densities [parton distribution functions (PDFs), transverse momentum distributions (TMDs), generalized parton distributions (GPDs)] and form factors in soft-wall AdS/QCD. We show that the power behavior of gluon parton distributions and form factors at large values of the light-cone variable and large values of square momentum is consistent with quark counting rules. We also show that the transverse momentum distributions derived in our approach obey the model-independent Mulders-Rodrigues inequalities without referring to specific model parameters. All gluon parton distributions are defined in terms of the unpolarized and polarized gluon PDFs and profile functions. The latter are related to gluon PDFs via differential equations.
description: 32 pages, 22 figures
POLITICAL ECONOMY OF RIGHT-TO-FARM
Creators: name: Adelaja, Adesoji O.
name: Friedman, Keith
name: Adelaja, Adesoji O.
name: Friedman, Keith
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Political Economy
subject: nuisance litigation
subject: open space
subject: political economy
subject: restrictive ordinances
subject: right-to-farm

description: This paper investigates the motivations for local right-to-farm protection ordinances by estimating a logit model relating the adoption of these ordinances to various political, economic and demographic factors previously found to affect the likelihood of passage of farmland preservation policies. Results suggest that the probability of adopting right-to-farm policies increases with the size and political clout of the farm public and with incentives to promote right-to-farm. Adoption is not enhanced by environmental concerns, nor by factors known to encourage adoption of farmland preservation policies. These findings raise serious concerns about the long-run viability of protections afforded agriculture in urbanizing areas.
Persistence Length Changes Dramatically as RNA Folds
Creators: name: Caliskan, G.
name: Hyeon, C.
name: Perez-Salas, U.
name: Briber, R. M.
name: Woodson, S. A.
name: Thirumalai, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We determine the persistence length, $l_p$, for a bacterial group I ribozyme as a function of concentration of monovalent and divalent cations by fitting the distance distribution functions $P(r)$ obtained from small angle X-ray scattering intensity data to the asymptotic form of the calculated $P_{WLC}(r)$ for a worm-like chain (WLC). The $l_p$ values change dramatically over a narrow range of \Mg concentration from $\sim$21 Åin the unfolded state (\textbf{U}) to $\sim$10 Åin the compact ($\mathrm{I_C}$) and native states. Variations in $l_p$ with increasing \Na concentration are more gradual. In accord with the predictions of polyelectrolyte theory we find $l_p \propto 1/ κ^2$ where $κ$ is the inverse Debye-screening length.
description: 4 page. Phys. Rev. Lett. in press
X-ray phase-contrast imaging: a broad overview of some fundamentals
Creators: name: Paganin, David M.
name: Pelliccia, Daniele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We outline some basics of imaging using both fully-coherent and partially-coherent X-ray beams, with an emphasis on phase-contrast imaging. We open with some of the basic notions of X-ray imaging, including the vacuum wave equations and the physical meaning of the intensity and phase of complex scalar fields. The projection approximation is introduced, together with the concepts of attenuation contrast and phase contrast. We also outline the multi-slice approach to X-ray propagation through thick samples or optical elements, together with the Fresnel scaling theorem. Having introduced the fundamentals, we then consider several aspects of the forward problem, of modelling the formation of phase-contrast X-ray images. Several topics related to this forward problem are considered, including the transport-of-intensity equation, arbitrary linear imaging systems, shift-invariant linear imaging systems, the transfer-function formalism, blurring induced by finite source size, the space-frequency model for partially-coherent fields, and the Fokker-Planck equation for paraxial X-ray imaging. Having considered these means for modelling the formation of X-ray phase-contrast images, we then consider aspects of the associated inverse problem of phase retrieval. This concerns how one may decode phase-contrast images to gain information regarding the sample-induced attenuation and phase shift.
description: Some minor corrections have been made to some of the equations in the preceding version. To appear in Advances in Imaging and Electron Physics. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1902.00364
Near field mixing of a vertical buoyant jet in a shallow crossflow : implications on adsorption and flocculation
Creators: name: Gomm, Leslie
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The behaviour and movement of pulpmill pollutants discharged into the Northern Fraser River is of significant concern due to their potential impact on this valuable aquatic ecosystem. The shallow receiving water can influence the mixing and subsequent dilution of these discharges. The association of contaminants with suspended sediment, either by direct adsorption or flocculation of contaminated solids discharged with the effluent (biosolids), also affects pollutant fate. This study examined the effects of a shallow crossflow in the near field mixing of a vertical buoyant jet, specifically dilution and trajectory. Physical mixing experiments were carried out in a shallow ambient current over a range of conditions similar to those seen in the Fraser River, specifically peak and low flow conditions. The dilution and trajectory results were then compared to those predicted by CORMLX1. The mechanism of association of contaminants with suspended sediment under these near field conditions was also investigated. A jet classification scheme was developed based on the behaviour of the jets in the shallow crossflow. Jets were classified to be Bottom, Intermediate or Surface Jets. Bottom Jets were influenced primarily by interaction of the jet with the bottom boundary layer, resulting in significantly higher levels of dilution and possible bottom attachment. The mixing of Intermediate Jets was more complicated due to interaction with both the top and bottom boundaries: the free surface inhibited mixing while interactions with the boundary layer enhanced mixing. Surface Jets were drastically affected by the free surface, with a reduction in dilution due to impingement on the free surface. The C0RMLX1 model was found to be unsuitable for predicting the dilution in this application since it does not consider the effects of either the free surface or the bottom boundary layer on jet mixing. Adsorption was found to play a limited role in the near field region. Of greater importance, is the potential for flocculation of biosolids with suspended sediment. The most important parameter in predicting where the conditions for this increased flocculation will occur was the ratio of the number of biosolid particles to the number of suspended sediment particles.
Efficient quantum computation with probabilistic quantum gates
Creators: name: Duan, L. -M.
name: Raussendorf, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With a combination of the quantum repeater and the cluster state approaches, we show that efficient quantum computation can be constructed even if all the entangling quantum gates only succeed with an arbitrarily small probability $p$. The required computational overhead scales efficiently both with $1/p$ and $n$, where $n$ is the number of qubits in the computation. This approach provides an efficient way to combat noise in a class of quantum computation implementation schemes, where the dominant noise leads to probabilistic signaled errors with an error probability $1-p$ far beyond any threshold requirement.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures
On operator-valued infinitesimal Boolean and monotone independence
Creators: name: Perales, Daniel
name: Tseng, Pei-Lun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We introduce the notion of operator-valued infinitesimal (OVI) independence for the Boolean and monotone cases. Then show that OVI Boolean (resp. monotone) independence is equivalent to the operator-valued Boolean (resp. monotone) independence over an algebra of $2\times 2$ upper triangular matrices. Moreover, we derive formulas to obtain the OVI Boolean (resp. monotone) additive convolution by reducing it to the operator-valued case. We also define OVI Boolean and monotone cumulants and study its basic properties. Moreover, for each notion of OVI independence, we construct the corresponding OVI Central Limit Theorem. The relations among free, Boolean and monotone cumulants are extended to this setting. Besides, in the Boolean case we deduce that the vanishing of mixed cumulants is still equivalent to independence, and use this to connect scalar-valued with matrix-valued infinitesimal Boolean independence. Finally we study two random matrix models that are asymptotically Boolean independent but turn out to not be infinitesimally Boolean independent.
description: We added a new Section, regarding the infinitesimal Central Limit Theorem. Corrected style and some typos
Spin-entangled Squeezed State on a Bloch Four-hyperboloid
Creators: name: Hasebe, Kazuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Bloch hyperboloid $H^2$ underlies the quantum geometry of the original $SO(2,1)$ squeezed states. In \cite{Hasebe-2019}, the author utilized a non-compact 2nd Hopf map and a Bloch four-hyperboloid $H^{2,2}$ to explore an $SO(2,3)$ extension of the squeezed states. In the present paper, we further pursue the idea to derive an $SO(4,1)$ version of squeezed vacuum based on the other Bloch four-hyperboloid $H^4$. We show that the obtained $SO(4,1)$ squeezed vacuum is a particular four-mode squeezed state not quite similar to the previous $SO(2,3)$ squeezed vacuum. In view of the Schwinger's formulation of angular momentum, the $SO(4,1)$ squeezed vacuum is interpreted as a superposition of an infinite number of maximally entangled spin-pairs of all integer spins. We clarify basic properties of the $SO(4,1)$ squeezed vacuum, such as von Neumann entropy of spin entanglement, spin correlations and uncertainty relations with emphasis on their distinctions to the original $SO(2,1)$ case.
description: 1+37 pages, 8 figures, 1 table; explanations and figures modified; an abridged version was published in JPA
Elicitation session
Creators: name: Otaegui, Alfonso
name: Skilton, Amalia Horan
name: Zapana Almanza, Hector
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2016
Subjects: Aymara language

description: Place contrasts in sonorants; contrast between flap and lateral; contrasts in vowel quality and length; motion predicates
title: Caustic networks with customized intensity statistics
Creators: name: Menz, Philip
name: Zannotti, Alessandro
name: Denz, Cornelia
name: Imbrock, Jörg
Publisher: name: University of Muenster, Institutional Repository MIAMI
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: 530 Physics

description: Controlling random light is a key enabling technology that pioneered statistical imaging methods like speckle microscopy. Such low-intensity illumination is especially useful for bio-medical applications where photobleaching is crucial. Since the Rayleigh intensity statistics of speckles do not always meet the requirements of applications, considerable effort has been dedicated to tailoring their intensity statistics. A special random light distribution that naturally comes with radically different intensity structures to speckles are caustic networks. Their intensity statistics support low intensities while allowing sample illumination with rare rouge-wave-like intensity spikes. However, the control over such light structures is often very limited, resulting in patterns with inadequate ratios of bright and dark areas. Here, we show how to generate light fields with desired intensity statistics based on caustic networks. We develop an algorithm to calculate initial phase fronts for light fields so that they smoothly evolve into caustic networks with the desired intensity statistics during propagation. In an experimental demonstration, we exemplarily realize various networks with a constant, linearly decreasing and mono-exponential probability density function.
description: Finanziert durch den Open-Access-Publikationsfonds der Universität Münster.
SCHOOL CHOICE IN RURAL GEORGIA: AN EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS
Creators: name: Keeler, Andrew G.
name: Kriesel, Warren
name: Keeler, Andrew G.
name: Kriesel, Warren
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: Public Economics
subject: School choice
subject: Educational finance
subject: Rural areas
subject: Tuition tax credits

description: Previous empirical studies of school choice have been at the national level, or have focussed on northeastern states. We estimate the demand for private education in rural Georgia, using proportion of private school attendance as an indicator variable. We find that income, tuition, race and school quality are important choice determinants. The results provide useful information for rural school administrators, and suggest that a tuition tax credit would have to be substantial to cause a significant exodus from public schools.
Twisted Conformal Symmetry in Noncommutative Two-Dimensional Quantum Field Theory
Creators: name: Lizzi, Fedele
name: Vaidya, Sachindeo
name: Vitale, Patrizia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: By twisting the commutation relations between creation and annihilation operators, we show that quantum conformal invariance can be implemented in the 2-d Moyal plane. This is an explicit realization of an infinite dimensional symmetry as a quantum algebra.
description: 10 pages. Text enlarged. References added
Symmetry and scaling limits for matching of implicit surfaces based on thin shell energies
Creators: name: Iglesias, José A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 49J45, 65D18, 74K25

description: In a recent paper by Iglesias, Rumpf and Scherzer (Found. Comput. Math. 18(4), 2018) a variational model for deformations matching a pair of shapes given as level set functions was proposed. Its main feature is the presence of anisotropic energies active only in a narrow band around the hypersurfaces that resemble the behavior of elastic shells. In this work we consider some extensions and further analysis of that model. First, we present a symmetric energy functional such that given two particular shapes, it assigns the same energy to any given deformation as to its inverse when the roles of the shapes are interchanged, and introduce the adequate parameter scaling to recover a surface problem when the width of the narrow band vanishes. Then, we obtain existence of minimizing deformations for the symmetric energy in classes of bi-Sobolev homeomorphisms for small enough widths, and prove a $Γ$-convergence result for the corresponding non-symmetric energies as the width tends to zero. Finally, numerical results on realistic shape matching applications demonstrating the effect of the symmetric energy are presented.
description: 28 pages, 4 figures, 2 tables. V3: Final accepted version
Diritto e amministrazione della sanità - Approfondimenti a.a. 2019-2020. Il SSN alla prova dell'emergenza COVID-19. Profili problematici e prime riflessioni sull'anno della pandemia.
Creators: name: Gola, Marcella
name: Donati, Daniele
name: Tubertini, Claudia
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2021
Subjects: IUS/10 Diritto amministrativo

description: Il presente volume raccoglie i risultati dei progetti di ricerca elaborati dagli allievi del Master Universitario di I Livello in Diritto e amministrazione della sanità, giunto nell'a.a. 2019/2020 alla 29° edizione, presso la Scuola di Specializzazione in Studi sull'Amministrazione Pubblica dell’Alma Mater Studiorum- Università di Bologna. Gli studi redatti si concentrano tutti sulla situazione di emergenza legata alla pandemia da Coronavirus, affrontata da tutti i più rilevanti profili istituzionali, organizzativi e operativi, analizzati con uno sguardo anche al futuro per cercare di valorizzare questa esperienza non prevista e di evidenziare quali delle misure adottate si potranno stabilizzare, in prospettiva del rinnovamento del sistema sanitario messo alla prova.
ACREAGE RESPONSE UNDER FARM PROGRAMS FOR MAJOR SOUTHEASTERN FIELD CROPS
Creators: name: Duffy, Patricia A.
name: Shalishali, Kasazi
name: Kinnucan, Henry W.
name: Duffy, Patricia A.
name: Shalishali, Kasazi
name: Kinnucan, Henry W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Government programs
subject: Acreage response
subject: Expected utility
subject: Time-varying parameters

description: An expected utility model that includes output price and yield uncertainty was used to estimate cotton, corn, and soybean acreage response equations for the Southeast. The model appeared to fit the soybean and corn data well, resulting in own-price elasticity estimates of 0.317 for corn and 0.727 for soybeans. When applied to cotton acreage, however, the model did not yield satisfactory results. When elasticity was allowed to change over time, however, statistical results for the cotton equation improved, yielding an own-price elasticity of 0.915 at data means.
A bijective proof for a theorem of Ehrhart
Creators: name: Sam, Steven V
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05A15, 52C07

description: We give a new proof for a theorem of Ehrhart regarding the quasi-polynomiality of the function that counts the number of integer points in the integral dilates of a rational polytope. The proof involves a geometric bijection, inclusion-exclusion, and recurrence relations, and we also prove Ehrhart reciprocity using these methods.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures; v5: polished exposition, final version
Example of exponentially enhanced magnetic reconnection driven by a spatially-bounded and laminar ideal flow
Creators: name: Boozer, Allen H
name: Elder, Todd
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In laboratory and natural plasmas of practical interest, the spatial scale $Δ_d$ at which magnetic field lines lose distinguishability differs enormously from the scale $a$ of magnetic reconnection across the field lines. In the solar corona, plasma resistivity gives $a/Δ_d\sim10^{12}$, which is the magnetic Reynold number $R_m$. The traditional resolution of the paradox of disparate scales is for the current density $j$ associated with the reconnecting field $B_{rec}$ to be concentrated by a factor of $R_m$ by the ideal evolution, so $ j\sim B_{rec}/μ_0Δ_d$. A second resolution is for the ideal evolution to increase the ratio of the maximum to minimum separation between pairs of arbitrarily chosen magnetic field lines, $Δ_{max}/Δ_{min}$, when calculated at various points in time. Reconnection becomes inevitable where $Δ_{max}/Δ_{min}\sim R_m$. A simple model of the solar corona will be used for a numerical illustration that the natural rate of increase in time is linear for the current density but exponential for $Δ_{max}/Δ_{min}$. Reconnection occurs on a time scale and with a current density enhanced by only $\ln(a/Δ_d)$ from the ideal evolution time and from the current density $B_{rec}/μ_0a$. In both resolutions, once a sufficiently wide region, $Δ_r$, has undergone reconnection, the magnetic field loses static force balance and evolves on an Alfvénic time scale. The Alfvénic evolution is intrinsically ideal but expands the region in which $Δ_{max}/Δ_{min}$ is large.
DEMAND RELATIONSHIPS AMONG JUICE BEVERAGES: A DIFFERENTIAL DEMAND SYSTEM APPROACH
Creators: name: Brown, Mark G.
name: Lee, Jonq-Ying
name: Seale, James L.
name: Brown, Mark G.
name: Lee, Jonq-Ying
name: Seale, James L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Differential demand systems
subject: Juice beverages

description: Nielsen ScanTrack data were used to study how income and prices influenced consumer juice beverage demand in the United States during the period from 1988-89 through 1991-92. Alternative differential demand models combining the features of the Rotterdam model and the almost ideal demand system (AIDS) were tested. Results indicate the CBS type demand responses describe consumer behavior better than the other specifications for this particular data. set.
The mass-size relation of galaxy clusters
Creators: name: Contigiani, O.
name: Bahé, Y. M.
name: Hoekstra, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The outskirts of accreting dark matter haloes exhibit a sudden drop in density delimiting their multi-stream region. Due to the dynamics of accretion, the location of this physically motivated edge strongly correlates with the halo growth rate. Using hydrodynamical zoom-in simulations of high-mass clusters, we explore this definition in realistic simulations and find an explicit connection between this feature in the dark matter and galaxy profiles. We also show that the depth of the splashback feature correlates well with the direction of filaments and, surprisingly, the orientation of the brightest cluster galaxy. Our findings suggest that galaxy profiles and weak-lensing masses can define an observationally viable mass-size scaling relation for galaxy clusters, which can be used to extract cosmological information.
description: 9 pages, 9 figures. Fig. 6 and 9 updated with correct labels
Non-linear dynamics of the minimal theory of massive gravity
Creators: name: Hagala, R.
name: De Felice, A.
name: Mota, D. F.
name: Mukohyama, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate cosmological signatures of the minimal theory of massive gravity (MTMG). To this aim, we simulate the normal branch of the MTMG by employing the \textsc{Ramses} \mbox{$N$-body} code and extending it with an effective gravitational constant $G_{\rm eff}$. We implement an environment-dependent $G_{\rm eff}$ as a function of the graviton mass and the local energy density as predicted by MTMG. We find that halo density profiles are not a good probe for MTMG, because deviations from general relativity (GR) are quite small. Similarly, the matter power spectra show deviations only at the percentage level. However, we find a clear difference between MTMG and GR in that voids are denser in MTMG than in GR. As measuring void profiles is quite a complex task from an observational point of view, a better probe of MTMG would be the halo abundances. In this case, MTMG creates a larger amount of massive halos, while there is a suppression in the abundance of small halos.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures. Updated to reflect peer-reviewed version for publication
THE EFFECTS OF HOLDING NONFARM RELATED FINANCIAL ASSETS ON RISK-ADJUSTED FARM INCOME
Creators: name: Betubiza, Eustacius N.
name: Leatham, David J.
name: Betubiza, Eustacius N.
name: Leatham, David J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Agricultural finance
subject: Certainty equivalents
subject: Discrete stochastic programming
subject: Land investments
subject: Off-farm investments

description: A discrete stochastic, programming model is formulated to study the gains from diversification when farming operations are augmented with off-farm financial assets that are not highly correlated with returns from farming. We extend past research by considering the dynamics of accumulating these financial assets and the farm's leverage and tenure position. Results show that farmers' income level and stability can be improved by including nonfarm financial assets in their portfolios.
RISK PREFERENCES AND CONTRACTING IN THE U.S. HOG INDUSTRY
Creators: name: Johnson, C. Scott
name: Foster, Kenneth A.
name: Johnson, C. Scott
name: Foster, Kenneth A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Stochastic dominance
subject: Risk
subject: Contract production
subject: Swine

description: Much of the increase use of vertical coordination in the U.S. swine industry has taken place through contract production. While the incidence of contracting is much higher in nontraditional hog production areas, a growing number of Midwestern producers are being faced with contract options. A variety of contractual arrangements are available through feed companies, integrators, genetics firms, and packers. However, little is known about the profitability and risk characteristics of these alternatives. This research suggests that risk neutral producers in the Midwest would prefer independent production, and risk averse producers would prefer to choose among the various types of coordination arrangements.
Magnetic hydrogel (MagGel): An evolutionary pedestal for anticancer therapy
Creators: name: V. Londhe, Prajkta
name: V. Londhe, Maithili
name: B. Salunkhe, Ashwini
name: Laha, Suvra S.
name: Mefford, O. Thompson
name: Thorat, Nanasaheb
name: Khot, Vishwajeet M.
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 51
subject: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent advancement in biomaterials have led to the development of magnetic hydrogel as promising tool for anticancer therapy. Magnetic hydrogels improve injectability over bare nanoparticles by controlling particle dispersion and reducing aggregation, ensuring uniform delivery and minimizing clogging, thereby enhancing anticancer therapy effectiveness and safety. This review explores the fundamental crosslinking methodologies and chemical strategies for the formation of hydrogels, transitioning into detailed discussions on the synthesis of magnetic hydrogels, emphasizing their unique properties essential for biomedical applications. Key properties such as injectability, shear thinning, biocompatibility, porosity, mechanical properties, and biodegradability underpinning the efficacy of magnetic hydrogels in biomedical applications are discussed. Furthermore, the review highlights the diverse applications of magnetic hydrogels in the biomedical field, including hyperthermia, MRI-guided therapy, targeted drug delivery, and tissue engineering. These properties and applications demonstrate the potential of magnetic hydrogels to revolutionize cancer treatment and other medical therapies, offering a multifunctional platform that can address various biomedical challenges with enhanced precision and effectiveness. Finally, future research trends and applications of magnetic hydrogels are also recommended and examined.
Songs from the Urituyacu River
Creators: name: O'Hagan, Zachary James
name: Inuma Macusi, Oscar
name: Macusi Manizari, Juana
name: Macusi Nuribe, Jorge
name: Vela Clemente, Elsa
name: Vela Nuribe, Ignacio
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2016

description: Twelve songs, some with multiple versions, in Urarina and Omurano, from five singers
A minimal stochastic model for influenza evolution
Creators: name: Tria, Francesca
name: Laessig, Michael
name: Peliti, Luca
name: Franz, Silvio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Other Quantitative Biology (q-bio.OT)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce and discuss a minimal individual-based model for influenza dynamics. The model takes into account the effects of specific immunization against viral strains, but also infectivity randomness and the presence of a short-lived strain transcending immunity recently suggested in the literature. We show by simulations that the resulting model exhibits substitution of viral strains along the years, but that their divergence remains bounded. We also show that dropping any of these features results in a drastically different behavior, leading either to the extinction of the disease, to the proliferation of the viral strains, or to their divergence.
Novel cyclopentanoid annulation sequences : an approach to the synthesis of c19-oxygenated cyathanes
Creators: name: Cook, Katherine Louise
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Two cyclopentanoid annulation sequences were developed. In the first sequence, (Z)-lbromo- 3-iodo-2-butene (9) was employed in the preparation of the series of angular allylic alcohols 28-30. Upon treatment with an oxochromium(VI) amine reagent, the allylic alcohols 29 and 30 underwent oxidative rearrangement to provide the bicyclic enones 32 and 33, respectively. Similar treatment of the allylic alcohol 28 resulted in the formation of a mixture of the epoxides 70 and 71. In the second sequence, (Z)- and (£)-5-iodo-3-trimethylstannyl-2-pentene (10 and 11, respectively) were employed in the preparation of the series of angular allylic alcohols 138-143. [2,3]-Wittig rearrangement of either of the allylic alcohols 138 or 141 according to the Still-Mitra protocol provided the homoallylic alcohol 152. Similarly, rearrangement of either of the allylic alcohols 139 or 140 provided the homoallylic alcohol 155. Rearrangement of 142 and 143 provided 162 and 165, respectively. The success of the second sequence, in particular of the conversion of 143 into 165, was extended to the preparation of an advanced intermediate (236) in an approach to the total synthesis of (±)-sarcodonin G (40). (F)-5-iodo-3-trimethylgermyl-2-pentene (247) was employed in the formation of the five-membered ring of the angular allylic alcohol 237. [2,3]-Wittig rearrangement of 237 according to the Still-Mitra protocol then provided the homoallylic alcohol 236. Compound 236 possesses the complete AB ring system of sarcodonin G (40), with the correct relative configuration at all four stereocenters.
Frustration of Decoherence in Open Quantum Systems
Creators: name: Novais, E.
name: Neto, A. H. Castro
name: Borda, L.
name: Affleck, I.
name: Zarand, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a model of frustration of decoherence in an open quantum system. Contrary to other dissipative ohmic impurity models, such as the Kondo model or the dissipative two-level system, the impurity model discussed here never presents overdamped dynamics even for strong coupling to the environment. We show that this unusual effect has its origins in the quantum mechanical nature of the coupling between the quantum impurity and the environment. We study the problem using analytic and numerical renormalization group methods and obtain expressions for the frequency and temperature dependence of the impurity susceptibility in different regimes.
description: 14 pages, 5 figures
Linear Systematics Mitigation in Galaxy Clustering in the Dark Energy Survey Year 1 Data
Creators: name: Wagoner, Erika L.
name: Rozo, Eduardo
name: Fang, Xiao
name: Crocce, Martín
name: Elvin-Poole, Jack
name: Weaverdyck, Noah
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We implement a linear model for mitigating the effect of observing conditions and other sources of contamination in galaxy clustering analyses. Our treatment improves upon the fiducial systematics treatment of the Dark Energy Survey (DES) Year 1 (Y1) cosmology analysis in four crucial ways. Specifically, our treatment: 1) does not require decisions as to which observable systematics are significant and which are not, allowing for the possibility of multiple maps adding coherently to give rise to significant bias even if no single map leads to a significant bias by itself; 2) characterizes both the statistical and systematic uncertainty in our mitigation procedure, allowing us to propagate said uncertainties into the reported cosmological constraints; 3) explicitly exploits the full spatial structure of the galaxy density field to differentiate between cosmology-sourced and systematics-sourced fluctuations within the galaxy density field; 4) is fully automated, and can therefore be trivially applied to any data set. The updated correlation function for the DES Y1 redMaGiC catalog minimally impacts the cosmological posteriors from that analysis. Encouragingly, our analysis does improve the goodness of fit statistic of the DES Y1 3$\times$2pt data set ($Δχ^2 = -6.5$ with no additional parameters). This improvement is due in nearly equal parts to both the change in the correlation function and the added statistical and systematic uncertainties associated with our method. We expect the difference in mitigation techniques to become more important in future work as the size of cosmological data sets grows.
description: 15 pages, 8 figures, submitted to MNRAS. Updated to be consistent with accepted version and include updated citations