Additional file 1 of Priority effects of forbs arriving early: the role of root interaction and asymmetric competition
Creators: name: Yan, Xiaohong
name: Li, Xiliang
name: Jin, Ke
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 1: Fig. S1. Impact of priority effects on biodiversity effects. This figure only includes the no root isolation and no removal priority treatments. Negative or positive values of net biodiversity effect indicate that the observed yield in mixture is higher or lower than the weighted average of the monoculture yields. Positive values of trait-independent complementarity effect indicate that species occupy different niches or facilitate one another, while negative values indicate interspecific competition or other processes with the same effect. Positive (negative) dominance effect values indicate that species with higher (lower)-than-average monoculture yields dominate at the expense of species with low (high) monoculture yields. Large values are expected when species occupy similar niches. However, positive (negative) trait-dependent complementarity effect values indicate that species with higher (lower)-than-average monoculture yields dominate, but not at the expense of species with low (high) monoculture yields. Large values suggest that species have nested niches. Sync, all species were simultaneously sown early; Lc-first, Leymus chinensis was sown first in mixed community; Mr-first, Medicago ruthenica was sown first in mixed community; Ar-first, Allium ramosum was sown first in mixed community. Different lowercase letters represent significance levels between priority effect treatments (P ≤ 0.05). Fig. S2. Correlation between biodiversity effects and priority effects. NE, net biodiversity effect; TICE, trait-independent complementarity effect; DE, dominance effect; TDCE, trait-independent complementarity effect; PEI, priority effects index; RII, relative interaction index of species sown first. Blue and red represent correlation, red represents positive correlation, blue represents negative correlation, circle size represents the degree of correlation, the numbers are Pearson correlation coefficients; the asterisk represents the level of significance, “*” represents P ≤ 0.05; “**” represents 0.05 &lt; P ≤ 0.01; “***” represents 0.01 &lt; P ≤ 0.001. Fig. S3. Benefits of species sown early in community assembly. The benefits of species sown early was calculated using the biomass of species sown early in the priority treatments and simultaneously sown early, including aboveground biomass (a), belowground biomass (b), and total biomass (c). Since early sowing species has been removed in plant removal treatments, the benefits of species sown early were excluded plant removal treatments. NI, no isolation; II, incomplete isolation; TI, total isolation. Lc-first, Leymus chinensis was sown first in community assembly; Mr-first, Medicago ruthenica was sown first in community assembly; Ar-first, Allium ramosum was sown first in community assembly. Different capital letters represent significance levels (P &lt; 0.05) between sowing order treatments; different lowercase letters represent significance levels (P &lt; 0.05) between isolation methods. Fig. S4. Costs of species sown late in community assembly. Similar to the benefit indices of early sown species, excluding plant removal treatments, the cost indices of late sowing species were also evaluated based on the biomass of species sown late in priority treatments and controls (simultaneously sown late). The positive or negative cost value for a species indicates the facilitation or inhibition effects of other species on it in mixed cultures, and the larger the value, the smaller loss of this species due to sowing late. Lc, Leymus chinensis; Mr, Medicago ruthenica; Ar, Allium ramosum. NI, no isolation; II, incomplete isolation; TI, total isolation. Lc-first, Leymus chinensis was sown first in community assembly; Mr-first, Medicago ruthenica was sown first in community assembly; Ar-first, Allium ramosum was sown first in community assembly. Different capital letters represent significance levels (P &lt; 0.05) between sowing order treatments; different small letters represent significance levels (P &lt; 0.05) between isolation methods. Table S1. Formulas of relevant indices in this study. Table S2. ANOVA analysis of the biodiversity effects based on aboveground biomass in priority treatments. Table S3. Priority effect indices in different treatments. Table S4. Relative interaction indices in different priority treatments. Table S5. ANOVA analysis of relative interaction indices. Table S6. ANOVA analysis of the overall net benefit of mixed community controlled by priority effects.