cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Additional file 1 of Wood-feeding termite gut symbionts as an obscure yet promising source of novel manganese peroxidase-producing oleaginous yeasts intended for azo dye decolorization and biodiesel production
Creators: name: Al-Tohamy, Rania
name: Sun, Jianzhong
name: Khalil, Maha A.
name: Kornaros, Michael
name: Ali, Sameh Samir
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Fatty acid composition of M. caribbica SSA1654. Fig. S1. UV–Vis spectrophotometric analysis at 400–800 nm of the simulated wastewater containing 250 mg/L of each applied dye, within 21 h of incubation in the presence of the NYC-1 consortium.
Prevalence of key developments in trade of agro-food in the new member states of the European Union
Creators: name: Bojnec, Stefan
name: Majkovic, Darja
name: Turk, Jernej
name: Bojnec, Stefan
name: Majkovic, Darja
name: Turk, Jernej
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: New Member States
subject: Slovenia
subject: Agro- Food Trade
subject: Intra- Industry Trade

description: The ten new member states (NMS- 10) of the European Union (EU) have contributed to an enhancement in agro- food trade among cur rent EU- 25 members. Intra- industry trade (IIT) represents only minor part of NMS- 10 trade in agro- food products. Their trade in agro- food products is specialised to different countries in terms of economic distance, factor endowments and/or degree of competitiveness of their agro- food sectors. The borderless EU markets are likely to influence the increase of IIT with implications for the EU trade policy, since more than one- third of agro- food trade in the current EU- 25 members is represented by NMS- 10.
General features and contact modeling of $N$-body isolated resonances near threshold
Creators: name: Pricoupenko, Ludovic
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: $N$-body non efimovian bound or quasi-bound states for particles with short range interactions are considered in arbitrary dimensions. The different resonance regimes near the threshold are depicted by using a generalization of the effective range approximation. This two-parameter description can be used in various contexts from ultra-cold to hadronic physics. The universal character of these states makes it possible a formulation in terms of a contact model. The singularity at the contact imposes the introduction of a modified scalar product to solve the normalization catastrophe and to restore the self-adjoint character of the model. An equivalence with the standard scalar product used for realistic finite range models is derived.
description: 19 pages, 4 figures ; integration of an appendix in the main text; demonstration of the invariance of the modified scalar product in a reparameterization of the contact model added
Getting to a feasible income equality
Creators: name: Park, Ji-Won
name: Kim, Chae Un
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Theoretical Economics (econ.TH)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Income inequality is known to have negative impacts on an economic system, thus has been debated for a hundred years past or more. Numerous ideas have been proposed to quantify income inequality, and the Gini coefficient is a prevalent index. However, the concept of perfect equality in the Gini coefficient is rather idealistic and cannot provide realistic guidance on whether government interventions are needed to adjust income inequality. In this paper, we first propose the concept of a more realistic and feasible income equality that maximizes total social welfare. Then we show that an optimal income distribution representing the feasible equality could be modeled using the sigmoid welfare function and the Boltzmann income distribution. Finally, we carry out an empirical analysis of four countries and demonstrate how optimal income distributions could be evaluated. Our results show that the feasible income equality could be used as a practical guideline for government policies and interventions.
description: 16 pages, 8 figures
Message-Passing on Hypergraphs: Detectability, Phase Transitions and Higher-Order Information
Creators: name: Ruggeri, Nicolò
name: Lonardi, Alessandro
name: De Bacco, Caterina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hypergraphs are widely adopted tools to examine systems with higher-order interactions. Despite recent advancements in methods for community detection in these systems, we still lack a theoretical analysis of their detectability limits. Here, we derive closed-form bounds for community detection in hypergraphs. Using a Message-Passing formulation, we demonstrate that detectability depends on hypergraphs' structural properties, such as the distribution of hyperedge sizes or their assortativity. Our formulation enables a characterization of the entropy of a hypergraph in relation to that of its clique expansion, showing that community detection is enhanced when hyperedges highly overlap on pairs of nodes. We develop an efficient Message-Passing algorithm to learn communities and model parameters on large systems. Additionally, we devise an exact sampling routine to generate synthetic data from our probabilistic model. With these methods, we numerically investigate the boundaries of community detection in synthetic datasets, and extract communities from real systems. Our results extend the understanding of the limits of community detection in hypergraphs and introduce flexible mathematical tools to study systems with higher-order interactions.
description: 30 pages, 8 figures, 1 table
QubiC: An open source FPGA-based control and measurement system for superconducting quantum information processors
Creators: name: Xu, Yilun
name: Huang, Gang
name: Balewski, Jan
name: Naik, Ravi
name: Morvan, Alexis
name: Mitchell, Bradley
name: Nowrouzi, Kasra
name: Santiago, David I.
name: Siddiqi, Irfan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As quantum information processors grow in quantum bit (qubit) count and functionality, the control and measurement system becomes a limiting factor to large scale extensibility. To tackle this challenge and keep pace with rapidly evolving classical control requirements, full control stack access is essential to system level optimization. We design a modular FPGA (field-programmable gate array) based system called QubiC to control and measure a superconducting quantum processing unit. The system includes room temperature electronics hardware, FPGA gateware, and engineering software. A prototype hardware module is assembled from several commercial off-the-shelf evaluation boards and in-house developed circuit boards. Gateware and software are designed to implement basic qubit control and measurement protocols. System functionality and performance are demonstrated by performing qubit chip characterization, gate optimization, and randomized benchmarking sequences on a superconducting quantum processor operating at the Advanced Quantum Testbed at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. The single-qubit and two-qubit process fidelities are measured to be 0.9980$\pm$0.0001 and 0.948$\pm$0.004 by randomized benchmarking. With fast circuit sequence loading capability, the QubiC performs randomized compiling experiments efficiently and improves the feasibility of executing more complex algorithms.
description: Final published version on IEEE Transactions on Quantum Engineering
The Library of Babel
Creators: name: Balasubramanian, Vijay
name: Jejjala, Vishnu
name: Simón, Joan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that heavy pure states of gravity can appear to be mixed states to almost all probes. Our arguments are made for $\rm{AdS}_5$ Schwarzschild black holes using the field theory dual to string theory in such spacetimes. Our results follow from applying information theoretic notions to field theory operators capable of describing very heavy states in gravity. For certain supersymmetric states of the theory, our account is exact: the microstates are described in gravity by a spacetime ``foam'', the precise details of which are invisible to almost all probes.
description: 7 pages, 1 figure, Essay receiving honorable mention in the 2005 Gravity Research Foundation essay competition
Farmers' strategies in globalization markets: Empirical results from Germany
Creators: name: Inderhees, Philipp
name: Theuvsen, Ludwig
name: Inderhees, Philipp
name: Theuvsen, Ludwig
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Competitive strategy
subject: cooperation
subject: corporate strategy
subject: farm management

description: Today the European agrofood sector is increasingly confronted with the threats as well as the opportunities of liberalizing markets. Therefore, competitiveness on global markets is becoming of paramount importance for European farmers. The challenges of global markets are accompanied by a growing array of new developments in farmers' economic and political environments, such as accelerating structural changes in the farm and agribusiness sectors, a new EU agricultural policy (decoupling and cross- compliance) and new market opportunities due to the breakthrough of renewable energies. In this paper we deal with strategic decision- making by German farmers who are confronted with new threats and opportunities. We develop a theoretical framework of strategic farm management based on the differentiation between different levels of strategic management, namely corporate, competitive, functional, and cooperative strategies. We present the results of a large- scale empirical study in the German state of North Rhine- Westphalia. The empirical results show that farmers employ a broad spectrum of corporate, competitive, functional and cooperative strategies to reposition their farms in the face of changing economic and political environments. Factor analysis reveals five dominant strategic factors and cluster analysis five strategic groups in the region under survey. The results of the study allow farmers to benchmark their farms and to identify strategic gaps in the face of globalizing markets.
Stable Vacua for Tachyonic Strings
Creators: name: Kaidi, Justin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In addition to the familiar string theories with spacetime supersymmetry, there exist a number of non-supersymmetric ten-dimensional superstrings. Nearly all of these theories have closed string tachyons, indicating a misidentification of the vacuum around which they are to be quantized. In this work, we identify (meta)stable vacua for all known tachyonic superstrings. These vacua are all lower-dimensional, with most of them being familiar two-dimensional string theories. However, there are also intriguing examples of solutions in dimensions 6, 8, and 9, with respective gauge groups $E_7 \times E_7$, $SU(16)$, and $E_8$. These special vacua have positive vacuum energy and no moduli.
description: 28 pages; v3: references added
Towards to the future success in the European markets: Highly innovative food products from Slovakia
Creators: name: Horska, Elena
name: Bielik, Peter
name: Horska, Elena
name: Bielik, Peter
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: innovative product
subject: market segmentation
subject: internationalisation
subject: healthy food products

description: Internationalisation and international linkages between producers, marketing partners and customers in various geographical areas has become an everyday reality for contemporary firms. The core area of this paper includes the process of internationalization of the small and medium enterprises and the role of the trends at the food market, particularly those which may be a potential stimulator for the internationalisation process and the most efficient way to segment markets. The study represents a qualitative process- based research. The strategy of the study is descriptive and explorative. Interviews, questionnaires, panel discussions and analysis of documents form the basis for the research material. The main emphasis is on 7 small and medium enterprises in Slovakia, specialized in production of cereal products and sweets. Present position at the market, market trends, product quality, process of innovation and relationships of these firms to their business networks are taken into account. The research process explores the opportunities for further expansion in the segment of highly innovative products in the Europe and worldwide.
Elicitation on prepositional phrases
Creators: name: Rudolph, Johnny (Soni)
name: Rudolph, Ruth (Analidele)
name: Drummond, Emily
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: nkr

description: One .wav audio file and one .rtf transcription file for an elicitation on the availability and ordering of multiple prepositional phrases. Corresponds to pages 197-205 in Notebook 2.
Genetically modified maize: exploring consumer acceptance
Creators: name: Batrinou, Anthimia M.
name: Sinanoglou, Vasilia
name: Gogkou, Antigoni
name: Sakellaris, George
name: Batrinou, Anthimia M.
name: Sinanoglou, Vasilia
name: Gogkou, Antigoni
name: Sakellaris, George
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Consumer/Household Economics
Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: Recent EU regulations have imposed mandatory labelling of all food products that consist of or contain genetically modified organisms (GMOs). Labelling should state that "this product contains genetically modified organisms". This study examines how different label messages may affect the attitude of consumers in tasting a specific food product (corn chip) derived from maize presented with five different labels ("organic corn", "conventional corn", "product that contains genetically modified corn", "product that contains genetically modified corn approved by EU", "non- classified corn"). Results of 100 Greek young students show that the label claiming that the product contains genetically modified corn, evokes a deeply rooted negative attitude as more than half of participants (59%) refused to taste even a single piece of the product. The label claiming that the product is genetically modified but approved by EU is viewed as more credible but still 29% refuse to sample. The conclusion is that although the feeling of trust increases considerably when the label message is supported by a certifying agency, still a large proportion (almost one third) of participants of technological level education refuse to taste a product that has been approved by the EU for almost a decade. This result demonstrates with an emphatic way the phobia surrounding genetically modified food. On the contrary, products labelled as "organic" were tasted by the majority of participants, even without any kind of certification. Key words : Genetically modified maize, labelling, acceptance
Implications of multi-Regge limits for the Bern-Dixon-Smirnov conjecture
Creators: name: Brower, Richard C.
name: Nastase, Horatiu
name: Schnitzer, Howard J.
name: Tan, Chung-I
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Planar ${\cal N} =4$ super Yang-Mills SU(N) theory is expected to exhibit stringy behavior, anticipated by the 't Hooft genus expansion and the $AdS/CFT$ correspondence. We examine the Bern-Dixon-Smirnov (BDS) conjecture for $n$-gluon amplitudes in the context of single-Regge and multi-Regge limits and show that these amplitudes have the expected Regge form in the Euclidean region.
description: 48 pages, 8 figures; Noted added commenting on related work which appeared after the initial posting. References and clarifications added, as well as typos corrected
Reform meets reality : Egor Gordienko and the early primary educational initiatives of Count Dmitrii Tolstoi
Creators: name: Hamilton, John Charles Thomas
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: By examining in detail an article by Professor Egor S. Gordienko, "Zemstvo i narodniya shkoly " ("The Zemstvo and the Popular Schools") published in the "liberal" journal, Vestnik Evropy (The Messenger of Europe), in January 1870, and by situating Professor Gordienko within the frame of the contemporary debates about literacy, elementary education, and local governance in post-emancipation Russia, this thesis demonstrates how one "small deeds" liberal used available journalistic means to propagandize against government policy, to get around government restrictions against publication of zemstvo debates and to push forward his own agenda in Kharkov uezd. The commitment of Egor Gordienko, zemstvo member, to the dissemination of literacy was an important factor in moving the liberal project of social betterment forward in Kharkov uezd, despite the serious impediments it faced, not least of which was the opposition of the central government to local control over administrative and educational initiatives. In light of a western historiography of the period which has focussed on both the more prominent and more obscure, subaltern groups, Gordienko is a subject with appeal, not just because of his committed political activism, but because he represents too a pragmatic, liberal impulse, for which there is little current historiographical sympathy and which is too easily overlooked in a history of idealistic responses to extreme repression.
Flavor invariance of leptonic Yukawa terms in the 3HDM
Creators: name: Dziewit, Bartosz
name: Vergeest, Joris
name: Zrałek, Marek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As an extension of the Standard Model (SM), the 3HDM (Three-Higgs-Doublet Model) defines additional relationships among the fermions. In the visible leptonic Yukawa sector of the 3HDM, we investigate the existence of flavor symmetries under discrete non-abelian groups up to order 1032. When the VEVs are not allowed to depart from their alignment imposed by the condition of minimal potential in the Higgs scalar sector, there will be severe mass degeneracies and a lack of lepton flavor mixing for any nontrivial flavor group. Yet we propose to study the Yukawa terms of the lepton sector for in case the VEV alignment would not be protected, hence leaving the VEV ratios as free parameters. Then, as it turns out, mass splitting for the charged leptons and the neutrinos is obtained although it is still impossible to obtain correct fits to the experimentally known lepton mass spectrum and to the PMNS matrix simultaneously.
QCD phase transition in rotaing neutron star, Neutrino beaming and Gamma-ray bursters
Creators: name: Bhattacharyya, Abhijit
name: Ghosh, Sanjay K.
name: Raha, Sibaji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have studied the emission of neutrinos from a rotating hybrid star. We find that the emission is predominantly confined to a very small angle, provided the core of the star is in a mixed phase of quarks and hadrons and the size of such a mixed phase is small. Annihilation of neutrinos to produce gamma rays has been discussed. The estimated duration of the burst is found to be within the observational range.
description: Modified manuscript with 9 pages including 3 ps figures, Accepted for publication in Phys. Lett. B
Lefschetz fibrations on nonorientable 4-manifolds
Creators: name: Miller, Maggie
name: Ozbagci, Burak
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $W$ be a nonorientable $4$-dimensional handlebody without $3$- and $4$-handles. We show that $W$ admits a Lefschetz fibration over the $2$-disk, whose regular fiber is a nonorientable surface with nonempty boundary. This is an analogue of a result of Harer obtained in the orientable case. As a corollary, we obtain a $4$-dimensional proof of the fact that every nonorientable closed $3$-manifold admits an open book decomposition, which was first proved by Berstein and Edmonds using branched coverings. Moreover, the monodromy of the open book we obtain for a given $3$-manifold belongs to the twist subgroup of the mapping class group of the page. In particular, we construct an explicit minimal open book for the connected sum of arbitrarily many copies of the product of the circle with the real projective plane. We also obtain a relative trisection diagram for $W$, based on the nonorientable Lefschetz fibration we construct, similar to the orientable case first studied by Castro. As a corollary, we get trisection diagrams for some closed $4$-manifolds, e.g. the product of the $2$-sphere with the real projective plane, by doubling $W$. Moreover, if $X$ is a closed nonorientable $4$-manifold which admits a Lefschetz fibration over the $2$-sphere, equipped with a section of square $\pm 1$, then we construct a trisection diagram of $X$, which is determined by the vanishing cycles of the Lefschetz fibration. Finally, we include some simple observations about low-genus Lefschetz fibrations on closed nonorientable $4$-manifolds.
description: We added new results following the referee's comments. This is the final version to appear in the Pacific Journal of Mathematics
Standardization versus customisation. The role of culture
Creators: name: Mamalis, Spyridon
name: Ness, Mitchell
name: Bourlakis, Michael
name: Mamalis, Spyridon
name: Ness, Mitchell
name: Bourlakis, Michael
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Store image
subject: internationalisation
subject: Adaptation to locality

description: Fast food restaurants have expanded globally in recent years. As companies become global marketers to acquire new knowledge and a greater understanding of the fast food business and the environment, in which they operate in order to determine and adopt an appropriate marketing mix. Managers can use knowledge of a market's national culture to develop successful image strategies. This paper aims to explore the role of culture in the formation of consumer perceptions. To measure cultural influences a store image scale was constructed for fast food restaurants. An eight - step process based on Churchill's (1979), model, guided the development, validation and refinement of the scale. The final structure of the scale included six factors consisting of 14 items. The six factors are a) Adaptation to Locality b) Service c) Facilities d) Food quality e) Place to be and g) Sales incentive program. Then the relative weights of the six factor dimensions in influencing customers' overall image, as well as satisfaction and loyalty ratings were explored. Adaptation to locality has been found as the most important factor in the formation of store image as well as in predicting satisfaction and loyalty. The results of structural equation analysis have shown that the local culture factor is strongly associated with 'food quality' and especially with the "Place to be factor". The results can be very useful to marketers who want to invest in the local or other foreign markets.
Weakly nonlinear stability of convective magnetohydrodynamic systems without alpha-effect to perturbations involving large scales
Creators: name: Zheligovsky, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I consider the problem of weakly nonlinear stability of three-dimensional convective magnetohydrodynamic systems, where there is no alpha-effect or it is insignificant, to perturbations involving large scales. I assume that the convective MHD state (steady or evolutionary), the stability of which I investigate, does not involve large spatio-temporal scales, and it is stable to perturbations involving the same small spatial scales, as the perturbed state. Mean-field equations, which I derive for the perturbation using asymptotic techniques for multiscale systems, are a generalization of the equations of magnetohydrodynamics (the Navier-Stokes and magnetic induction equations). The operator of combined eddy diffusivity emerges, which is in general anisotropic and not necessarily negatively defined, as well as new quadratic terms analogous to the ones describing advection.
description: Latex, 29 pp. Accepted in Physics of the Earth, 2006 (in Russian). (English translation: Izvestiya, Physics of the Solid Earth); typos corrected, minor changes in the text
Local and nonlocal electronic correlations at the metal-insulator transition in the Hubbard model in two dimensions
Creators: name: Chatzieleftheriou, Maria
name: Biermann, Silke
name: Stepanov, Evgeny A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Elucidating the physics of the single-orbital Hubbard model in its intermediate coupling regime is a key missing ingredient to our understanding of metal-insulator transitions in real materials. Using recent non-perturbative many-body techniques that are able to interpolate between the spin-fluctuation-dominated Slater regime at weak coupling and the Mott insulator at strong-coupling, we obtain the momentum-resolved spectral function in the intermediate regime and disentangle the effects of antiferromagnetic fluctuations and local electronic correlations in the formation of an insulating state. This allows us to identify the Slater and Heisenberg regimes in the phase diagram, which are separated by a crossover region of competing spatial and local electronic correlations. We identify the crossover regime by investigating the behavior of the local magnetic moment, shedding light on the formation of the insulating state at intermediate couplings.
Additional file 1 of Evidence of co-circulation of multiple arboviruses transmitted by Aedes species based on laboratory syndromic surveillance at a health unit in a slum of the Federal District, Brazil
Creators: name: Rufalco-Moutinho, Paulo
name: de Noronha, Lorena Aparecida Gonçalves
name: de Souza Cardoso Quintão, Tatyane
name: Nobre, Tayane Ferreira
name: Cardoso, Ana Paula Sampaio
name: Cilião-Alves, Daiani Cristina
name: Bellocchio Júnior, Marco Aurélio
name: von Glehn, Mateus de Paula
name: Haddad, Rodrigo
name: Romero, Gustavo Adolfo Sierra
name: de Araújo, Wildo Navegantes
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Infection characteristics, blood collection dates, daily routines and possible exposures of LSS acute cases at the Cidade Estrutural health unit.
Super-virial temperature or Neon overabundance?: Suzaku observations of the Milky Way circumgalactic Medium
Creators: name: Gupta, Anjali
name: Kingsbury, Joshua
name: Mathur, Smita
name: Das, Sanskriti
name: Galeazzi, Massimiliano
name: Krongold, Yair
name: Nicastro, Fabrizio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyzed Suzaku and Chandra observations of the soft diffuse X-ray background toward four sightlines with the goal of characterizing the X-ray emission from the Milky Way circumgalactic medium (CGM). We identified two thermal components of the CGM, one at a uniform temperature of $\rm kT = 0.176\pm0.008 ~keV$ and the other at temperatures ranging between $\rm kT = 0.65-0.90~ keV$. The uniform lower temperature component is consistent with the Galaxy's virial temperature ($ \sim10^{6}~ K$). The temperatures of the hotter components are similar to that recently discovered ($\rm \sim 10^{7}~ K$; Das et al.) in the sightline to blazar 1ES1553+113, passing close to the Fermi bubble. Alternatively, the spectra can be described by just one lower-temperature component with super-solar Neon abundance, once again similar to that found in the 1ES1553+113 sightline. The additional hot component or the overabundance of Ne is required at a significance of $>4σ$, but we cannot distinguish between the two possibilities. These results show that the super-virial temperature gas or an enhanced Ne abundance in the warm-hot gas in the CGM is widespread, and these are not necessarily related to the Fermi bubble.
description: Accepted for Publication in ApJ
Analogy of the slow dynamics between the supercooled liquid and the supercooled plastic crystal states of difluorotetrachloroethane
Creators: name: Affouard, F.
name: Descamps, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Slow dynamics of difluorotetrachloroethane in both supercooled plastic crystal and supercooled liquid states have been investigated from Molecular Dynamics simulations. The temperature and wave-vector dependence of collective dynamics in both states are probed using coherent dynamical scattering functions $S(Q,t)$. Our results confirm the strong analogy between molecular liquids and plastic crystals for which $α$-relaxation times and non-ergodicity parameters are controlled by the non trivial static correlations $S(Q)$ as predicted by the Mode Coupling Theory. The use of infinitely thin needles distributed on a lattice as model of plastic crystals is discussed.
The Dust cloud around the White Dwarf G 29-38
Creators: name: Reach, William T.
name: Kuchner, Marc J.
name: von Hippel, Ted
name: Burrows, Adam
name: Mullally, Fergal
name: Kilic, Mukremin
name: Winget, D. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present new observations of the white dwarf G 29-38 with the camera (4.5 and 8 microns), photometer (24 microns), and spectrograph (5.5-14 microns) of the Spitzer Space Telescope. This star has an exceptionally large infrared excess amounting to 3% of the bolometric luminosity. The spectral energy distribution has a continuum peak around 4.5 micros and a 9-11 micron emission feature 1.25 times brighter than the continuum. A mixture of amorphous olivine and a small amount of forsterite in an emitting region 1-5 Rsun from the star can reproduce the shape of the 9-11 micron feature. The spectral energy distribution also appears to require amorphous carbon to explain the hot continuum. Our new measurements support the idea that a relatively recent disruption of a comet or asteroid created the cloud.
description: accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal Letters
Quantum Melting of Generalized Wigner Crystals in Transition Metal Dichalcogenide Moiré Systems
Creators: name: Zhou, Yiqing
name: Sheng, D. N.
name: Kim, Eun-Ah
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Generalized Wigner Crystal (GWC) is a novel quantum phase of matter driven by further-range interaction at fractional fillings of a lattice. The role of further range interaction as the driver for the incompressible state is akin to Wigner crystal. On the other hand, the significant role of commensurate filling is akin to the Mott insulator. Recent progress in simulator platforms presents unprecedented opportunities to investigate quantum melting in the strongly interacting regime through synergy between theory and experiments. However, the earlier theory literature presents diverging predictions. We study the quantum freezing of GWC through large-scale density matrix renormalization group simulations of a triangular lattice extended Hubbard model. We find a single first-order phase transition between the Fermi liquid and the $\sqrt{3}\times\sqrt{3}$ GWC state. The GWC state shows long-range antiferromagnetic $120^\circ$ N{é}el order. Our results present the simplest answers to the question of the quantum phase transition into the GWC phase and the properties of the GWC phase.
description: 5 pages, 6 figures
Splitting consumer's willingness to pay premium price for organic products over main purchase motivations
Creators: name: Cicia, Gianni
name: Del Giudice, Teresa
name: Ramunno, Ilaria
name: Tagliafierro, Carolina
name: Cicia, Gianni
name: Del Giudice, Teresa
name: Ramunno, Ilaria
name: Tagliafierro, Carolina
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Organic products
subject: Preference analysis
subject: Laddering interviews
subject: Choice model

description: Recently, Italian agriculture has been widely characterised by the increasing number of farms and land converting to organic farming. In the slow process of shifting from a "niche" to a broader consumption in the organic products market deep differences between conventional and organic production, distribution and consumption became evident. In such a context, the consumer's behaviour about organic products analysis transpires to be complex as it involves either social - economic and psychographic characteristics. In order to address this issue a research has been carried out in two steps: in the first one, a qualitative analysis step, 45 consumer s of organic products were interviewed by phone using laddering techniques; then, in the second quantitative step, data from a 203 consumer s sample, representative of a region of South of Italy, was analysed by means of a multinomial logit. The research main innovative aspect resides in the two- step approach (qualitative - quantitative analysis), that enabled researchers to identify and quantify the environmental and hygienic component importance in consumer preferences on organic products.
Assessing Parameters for Ring Polymer Molecular Dynamics Simulations at Low Temperatures: DH+H Chemical Reaction
Creators: name: Novikov, Ivan S.
name: Suleimanov, Yury V.
name: Shapeev, Alexander V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ring polymer molecular dynamics (RPMD) is an accurate method for calculating thermal chemical reaction rates. It has recently been discovered that low-temperature calculations are strongly affected by the simulation parameters. Here, for the thermally activated reaction DH + H -> D + H2, we calculate the RPMD rate constants at T = 50, 100, and 300 K and demonstrate that for T >= 100 K the standard input parameters yield accurate results, but at low temperatures (e.g., 50 K) one must increase the asymptotic distance and force constant, and decrease the umbrella integration step.
A note on multitype branching processes with immigration in a random environment
Creators: name: Roitershtein, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60J80, 60K37 (Primary); 60F05, 60F15 (Secondary)

description: We consider a multitype branching process with immigration in a random environment introduced by Key in [Ann. Probab. 15 (1987) 344--353]. It was shown by Key that, under the assumptions made in [Ann. Probab. 15 (1987) 344--353], the branching process is subcritical in the sense that it converges to a proper limit law. We complement this result by a strong law of large numbers and a central limit theorem for the partial sums of the process. In addition, we study the asymptotic behavior of oscillations of the branching process, that is, of the random segments between successive times when the extinction occurs and the process starts again with the next wave of the immigration.
description: Published at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/009117906000001015 in the Annals of Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aop/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Additional file 1 of Predictors of patients’ choice of hospitals under universal health coverage: a case study of the Nicaraguan capital
Creators: name: Monfared, Ida G.
name: Garcia, Jonathan
name: Vollmer, Sebastian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1.
International trade and competitiveness analysis in the European Union: the case of prepared meat sector
Creators: name: Banterle, Alessandro
name: Carraresi, Laura
name: Banterle, Alessandro
name: Carraresi, Laura
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Competitiveness
subject: International Trade
subject: EU
subject: Prepared Meat
subject: RCA.

description: The purpose of this paper is to analyse the competitive performance of the EU countries for the prepared swine meat sector during the period 1990- 2003. This sector has been chosen for the role that traditional products play in most EU countries. To assess competitiveness, the analysis evaluates several trade indices to compare the trends over the last fifteen years: Revealed Comparative Advantage, the Vollrath indices, Net Export Index, and Grübel - Lloyd index. The data source was the Eurostat data base, considering intra - EU export and import data referred to 17 sub- sectors with 8 digit codes. Moreover, cluster analysis has been applied to highlight groups of countries with similar features. Good competitive performance in the prepared swine meat sector is observed in Italy, Spain, Ireland and Austria, all of which were found to be specialised in the sector and export oriented. Germany and France show positive competitive performance, but a high level of intra - industry trade and low specialisation is also revealed. Denmark is characterized by negative dynamics of competitiveness even though there are high exports in the sector; a similar trend is observed in Belgium and the Netherlands. The rest of the countries show weak competitiveness for the analysed sector. Moreover, the type of exported product varies greatly: Italy and Spain export dried or smoked swine meat, whereas Germany and Denmark export mainly sausages and preserved swine meat.
Navigating wellness: exploring the interplay of social media content and healthy lifestyle among Sri Lankan young adults
Creators: name: Wickramanayaka K.S.R
name: Shashika D. Rathnayaka
name: Amarakoon A.M.C
name: Pramodini S.A.P
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Social media, Healthy living, AIDA model, Multinominal logistic regression

description: In the digital age, social media significantly influences daily life, particularly among young adults. This study empirically examines the influence of social media content promoting healthy lifestyles on the well-being of young adults in Sri Lanka, employing a representative sample of 475 consumers. Applying the AIDA model, which classifies users ‘responses to healthy living posts into Attention, Interest, Desire, and Action, we estimated a multinomial logistic regression model for comprehensive evaluation. Key findings reveal that marital status influences both interest and action categories, emphasizing familial collaboration. Educational attainment positively impacts desire, emphasizing the role of knowledge. Familial health experiences, urban residence, and regular physical exercise exhibit distinct impacts on various AIDA categories. Additionally, positive attitudes on social media and perceived behavior contribute significantly to interest and desire. These nuanced findings offer valuable insights for tailoring targeted health communication strategies, and recognizing the role of demographics, psychological factors, and lifestyle choices in shaping user engagement with health-related content on social media. Our study provides practical insights for designing targeted and impactful health communication strategies in the dynamic digital landscape.
description: This is a working paper.
Costs and benefits of HACCP implementation in the Greek meat industry
Creators: name: Michailidis, Anastasios
name: Chatzitheodoridis, Fotis
name: Michailidis, Anastasios
name: Chatzitheodoridis, Fotis
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Costs
subject: Benefits
subject: HACCP
subject: Meat industry
subject: Food safety

description: This paper reports the levels of HACCP implementation, costs of implementation and operation, and benefits of implementation for the Greek meat industry. Hundred twenty enterprises were surveyed, with a 51.66% response rate. Only 24.19% of the enterprises interviewed had totally adopted HACCP, while 22.58% did not have an interest in adoption. The norm of ISO 9000 appeared to be an intermediate step in HACCP implementation. The results indicate that investment in new equipment and microbiological tests of products accounted for most of the implementation and operational costs, respectively. The main benefit reported was reduction in microbial counts, while staff training was reported as a significant problem. The study also shows that although the level of total HACCP implementation is not high, HACCP has implications for both the domestic and international markets. This study offers new information about the costs and benefits of HACCP implementation by the Greek meat industry. The main objective is to analyze the degree to which the HACCP system has been implemented by the meat industry, and the relationship between HACCP implementation and ISO 9000. In addition, it indicates the importance of major costs, problems, and benefits of implementation and their impact on domestic and international markets.
description: Paper removed at request of authors 02/25/08.
Influence of shear rate and surface chemistry on thrombus formation in micro-crevice
Creators: name: Zhussupbekov, Mansur
name: Wu, Wei-Tao
name: Jamiolkowski, Megan A.
name: Massoudi, Mehrdad
name: Antaki, James F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Tissues and Organs (q-bio.TO)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Thromboembolic complications remain a central issue in management of patients on mechanical circulatory support. Despite the best practices employed in design and manufacturing of modern ventricular assist devices, complexity and modular nature of these systems often introduces internal steps and crevices in the flow path which can serve as nidus for thrombus formation. Thrombotic potential is influenced by multiple factors including the characteristics of the flow and surface chemistry of the biomaterial. This study explored these elements in the setting of blood flow over a micro-crevice using a multi-constituent numerical model of thrombosis. The simulations reproduced the platelet deposition patterns observed experimentally and elucidated the role of flow, shear rate, and surface chemistry in shaping the deposition. The results offer insights for design and operation of blood-contacting devices.
AN APPRAISAL OF THE CURRENT STATUS AND FUTURE PROSPECTS OF UNIONIZATION AND COLLECTIVE BARGAINING IN AMERICAN AGRICULTURE
Creators: name: Hinkston, Aaron
name: Hinkston, Aaron
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1972
Subjects: Labor and Human Capital

description: Today, the unionizing efforts of farm laborers have reached the highest plateau of achievement since the beginning of those efforts in the United States. The main reason for this is improved laws, public awareness, and union recognition. A very strong movement is under way, which is being led by Cesar Chavez. Now, as always, there is a three-way squeeze between those parties immediately involved. At one time or another, each of these parties is caught in the middle when the squeeze is vigorously applied. The farm worker is trying to apply pressure on the farmer; the farmer, in turn, is faced with the fact that he is a price taker rather than a price maker; the consumer is constantly fighting against higher prices, so he, in turn, directs his leverage against those parties back down the line who he considers to be responsible for his dissatisfaction. This turns out to be an operation of the market.
Investigating the Design Space of Diffusion Models for Speech Enhancement
Creators: name: Gonzalez, Philippe
name: Tan, Zheng-Hua
name: Østergaard, Jan
name: Jensen, Jesper
name: Alstrøm, Tommy Sonne
name: May, Tobias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Diffusion models are a new class of generative models that have shown outstanding performance in image generation literature. As a consequence, studies have attempted to apply diffusion models to other tasks, such as speech enhancement. A popular approach in adapting diffusion models to speech enhancement consists in modelling a progressive transformation between the clean and noisy speech signals. However, one popular diffusion model framework previously laid in image generation literature did not account for such a transformation towards the system input, which prevents from relating the existing diffusion-based speech enhancement systems with the aforementioned diffusion model framework. To address this, we extend this framework to account for the progressive transformation between the clean and noisy speech signals. This allows us to apply recent developments from image generation literature, and to systematically investigate design aspects of diffusion models that remain largely unexplored for speech enhancement, such as the neural network preconditioning, the training loss weighting, the stochastic differential equation (SDE), or the amount of stochasticity injected in the reverse process. We show that the performance of previous diffusion-based speech enhancement systems cannot be attributed to the progressive transformation between the clean and noisy speech signals. Moreover, we show that a proper choice of preconditioning, training loss weighting, SDE and sampler allows to outperform a popular diffusion-based speech enhancement system while using fewer sampling steps, thus reducing the computational cost by a factor of four.
description: Accepted version