cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Submission to the Employment and Discrimination Issues Paper, Royal Commission into Violence, Abuse, Neglect and Exploitation of People with Disability
Creators: name: DEVINE, ALEXANDRA
name: Smith-Merry, Jennifer
name: KAVANAGH, ANNE
name: Llewellyn, Gwynnyth
name: DICKINSON, HELEN
name: Fortune, Nicola
name: Green, Celia
name: Dimov, Stefanie
name: Huska, Marie
Publisher: name: University of Melbourne
Year: 2021
Subjects: People with disability
Labour economics
Social policy
Public policy
Public health not elsewhere classified

description: This submission to the Disability Royal Commission in response to its Employment Issues paper, is made by Associate Professor Jennifer Smith-Merry and Research Fellow Alexandra Devine on behalf of investigators within the Centre of Research Excellence in Disability and Health (CRE-DH) funded by the National Health and Medical Research Council.

The submission is further supported with contributions from colleagues external to the CRE-DH including Marie Huska and Stefanie Dimov (Disability and Health Unit, Centre for Health Equity, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne), and, Dr Sue Olney (Melbourne Disability Institute, The University of Melbourne) .

Introduction
Australia’s current and future labour market poses serious challenges for all job seekers, yet challenges are far greater for job seekers with disability who already experience significant labour market exclusion. Policy and programmatic responses must ensure job seekers with disability have equitable opportunities and appropriately resourced support to participate in the labour market on an equal basis with job seekers without disability. This should include both individual-level personalised support and macro-level labour market reform, reform of disability employment services and job creation programs. In line with its obligations under Article 27 of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, Australia must safeguard and protect the rights of people with disability to equal opportunities for work and safe and healthy working conditions, and ensure they are protected from harm in the labour market on an equal basis with others. This responsibility should be actively supported by legislation and appropriate mechanisms and channels for reporting and collecting data on discrimination, violence, abuse, neglect and exploitation in the labour market on the basis of disability
This submission was made on 14 August 2020.

Further informationhttps://credh.org.au/
Characterisation of Galactic carbon stars and related stars from Gaia-EDR3
Creators: name: Abia, Carlos
name: de Laverny, Patrick
name: Romero, Merce
name: Figueras, Francesca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extend here a previous investigation on the characteristics of Galactic carbon stars using more accurate EDR3 astrometry measurements. Based on a much larger statistics, we confirm that N- and SC-type carbon stars share a very similar luminosity function, while the luminosities of J-type stars (Mbol) are fainter by half a magnitude on average. R-hot type carbon stars have luminosities throughout the RGB, which favours the hypothesis of an external origin for their carbon enhancement. Moreover, the kinematic properties of a significant fraction of the R-hot stars are compatible with the thick-disc population, in contrast with that of N- and SC-type stars, which would belong mostly to the thin disk. We also derive the luminosity function of a large number of Galactic extrinsic and intrinsic (O-rich) S stars and show that the luminosities of the latter are typically higher than the predicted onset of the third dredge-up during the AGB for solar metallicity. This result is consistent with these stars being genuine thermally pulsing AGB stars. On the other hand, using the so-called Gaia-2MASS diagram, we show that the overwhelming majority of the carbon stars identified in the LAMOST survey as AGB stars are probably R-hot and/or CH-type stars. Finally, we report the identification of 2660 new carbon stars candidates that we identified through their 2MASS photometry, their Gaia astrometry, and their location in the Gaia-2MASS diagram.
description: 14 pages, 16 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
Submission to the Employment and Discrimination Issues Paper, Royal Commission into Violence, Abuse, Neglect and Exploitation of People with Disability
Creators: name: KAVENAGH, MELLISSA
name: DEVINE, ALEXANDRA
name: Smith-Merry, Jennifer
name: KAVANAGH, ANNE
name: Llewellyn, Gwynnyth
name: Dimov, Stefanie
name: Huska, Marie
name: DICKINSON, HELEN
name: Fortune, Nicola
name: Green, Celia
Publisher: name: University of Melbourne
Year: 2021
Subjects: People with disability
Labour economics
Social policy
Public policy
Public health not elsewhere classified

description: This submission to the Disability Royal Commission in response to its Employment Issues paper, is made by Associate Professor Jennifer Smith-Merry and Research Fellow Alexandra Devine on behalf of investigators within the Centre of Research Excellence in Disability and Health (CRE-DH) funded by the National Health and Medical Research Council.

The submission is further supported with contributions from colleagues external to the CRE-DH including Marie Huska and Stefanie Dimov (Disability and Health Unit, Centre for Health Equity, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne), and, Dr Sue Olney (Melbourne Disability Institute, The University of Melbourne) .

Introduction
Australia’s current and future labour market poses serious challenges for all job seekers, yet challenges are far greater for job seekers with disability who already experience significant labour market exclusion. Policy and programmatic responses must ensure job seekers with disability have equitable opportunities and appropriately resourced support to participate in the labour market on an equal basis with job seekers without disability. This should include both individual-level personalised support and macro-level labour market reform, reform of disability employment services and job creation programs. In line with its obligations under Article 27 of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, Australia must safeguard and protect the rights of people with disability to equal opportunities for work and safe and healthy working conditions, and ensure they are protected from harm in the labour market on an equal basis with others. This responsibility should be actively supported by legislation and appropriate mechanisms and channels for reporting and collecting data on discrimination, violence, abuse, neglect and exploitation in the labour market on the basis of disability
This submission was made on 14 August 2020.

Further informationhttps://credh.org.au/
Magnetic effect on equilibrium tides and its influence on the orbital evolution of binary systems
Creators: name: Wei, Xing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the standard theory of equilibrium tides, hydrodynamic turbulence is considered. In this paper we study the effect of magnetic fields on equilibrium tides. We find that the turbulent Ohmic dissipation associated with a tidal flow is much stronger than the turbulent viscous dissipation such that a magnetic field can greatly speed up the tidal evolution of a binary system. We then apply the theory to three binary systems: the orbital migration of 51 Pegasi b, the orbital decay of WASP-12b, and the circularization of close binary stars. Theoretical predictions are in good agreement with observations, which cannot be clearly interpreted with hydrodynamic equilibrium tides.
Constraints on the magnetic field structure in accreting compact objects from aperiodic variability
Creators: name: Mönkkönen, Juhani
name: Tsygankov, Sergey S.
name: Mushtukov, Alexander A.
name: Doroshenko, Victor
name: Suleimanov, Valery F.
name: Poutanen, Juri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the aperiodic variability for a relatively large sample of accreting neutron stars and intermediate polars, focusing on the properties of the characteristic break commonly observed in power spectra of accreting objects. In particular, we investigate the relation of the break frequency and the magnetic field strength, both of which are connected to the size of the magnetosphere. We find that for the majority of objects in our sample the measured break frequency values indeed agree with estimated inner radii of the accretion disc, which allows to use observed break frequencies to independently assess the magnetic field strength and structure in accreting compact objects. As a special case, we focus on Hercules X-1 which is a persistent, medium-luminosity X-ray pulsar accreting from its low-mass companion. In the literature, it has been suggested that the complex pulse profiles, the spin-up behaviour and the luminosity-correlation of the cyclotron energy seen in Her X-1 can be explained with a complex magnetic field structure of the neutron star. Here, we connect the measured break frequency to the magnetospheric radius and show that the magnetic field strength derived assuming a dipole configuration is nearly an order of magnitude smaller than the magnetic field strength corresponding to the cyclotron energy. Accordingly, this discrepancy can be explained with the magnetic field having strong multipole components. The multipolar structure would also increase the accreting area on the neutron star surface, explaining why the critical luminosity for accretion column formation is puzzlingly high in this source.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures
Federating and querying heterogeneous and distributed Web APIs and triple stores
Creators: name: de Farias, Tarcisio Mendes
name: Dessimoz, Christophe
name: Benitez, Aaron Ayllon
name: Yang, Chen
name: Long, Jiao
name: Sima, Ana-Claudia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Today's international corporations such as BASF, a leading company in the crop protection industry, produce and consume more and more data that are often fragmented and accessible through Web APIs. In addition, part of the proprietary and public data of BASF's interest are stored in triple stores and accessible with the SPARQL query language. Homogenizing the data access modes and the underlying semantics of the data without modifying or replicating the original data sources become important requirements to achieve data integration and interoperability. In this work, we propose a federated data integration architecture within an industrial setup, that relies on an ontology-based data access method. Our performance evaluation in terms of query response time showed that most queries can be answered in under 1 second.
Turbulent magnetic field in the HII region Sh 2-27
Creators: name: Raycheva, N. C.
name: Haverkorn, M.
name: Ideguchi, S.
name: Stil, J. M.
name: Gaensler, B. M.
name: Sun, X.
name: Han, J. L.
name: Carretti, E.
name: Gao, X. Y.
name: Wijte, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic fields in the turbulent interstellar medium (ISM) are a key element in understanding Galactic dynamics, but there are many observational challenges. One useful probe for studying the magnetic field component parallel to the line of sight (LoS) is Faraday rotation of linearly polarized radio synchrotron emission, combined with H$α$ observations. HII regions are the perfect laboratories to probe such magnetic fields as they are localized in space, and are well-defined sources often with known distances and measurable electron densities. We chose the HII region Sharpless 2-27 (Sh 2-27). By using a map of the magnetic field strength along the LoS ($B_{\parallel}$) for the first time, we investigate the basic statistical properties of the turbulent magnetic field inside Sh 2-27. We study the scaling of the magnetic field fluctuations, compare it to the Kolmogorov scaling, and attempt to find an outer scale of the turbulent magnetic field fluctuations. We estimate the median value of $n_e$ as $7.3\pm0.1$ cm$^{-3}$, and the median value of $B_{\parallel}$ as $-4.5\pm0.1$ $μ$G, which is comparable to the magnetic field strength in diffuse ISM. The slope of the structure function of the estimated $B_{\parallel}$-map is found to be slightly steeper than Kolmogorov, consistent with our Gaussian-random-field $B_{\parallel}$ simulations revealing that an input Kolmogorov slope in the magnetic field results in a somewhat steeper slope in $B_{\parallel}$. These results suggest that the lower limit to the outer scale of turbulence is 10 pc in the HII region, which is comparable to the size of the computation domain. This may indicate that the turbulence probed here could actually be cascading from the larger scales in the ambient medium, associated with the interstellar turbulence in the general ISM, which is illuminated by the presence of Sh 2-27.
description: 14 pages, 11 figures. Accepted by A&A
The Mysterious Affair of the H$_2$ in AU Mic
Creators: name: Flagg, Laura
name: Johns-Krull, Christopher
name: France, Kevin
name: Herczeg, Gregory
name: Najita, Joan
name: Youngblood, Allison
name: Carvalho, Adolfo
name: Carptenter, John
name: Kenyon, Scott J.
name: Newton, Elisabeth R.
name: Rockcliffe, Keighley
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Molecular hydrogen is the most abundant molecule in the Galaxy and plays important roles for planets, their circumstellar environments, and many of their host stars. We have confirmed the presence of molecular hydrogen in the AU Mic system using high-resolution FUV spectra from HST-STIS during both quiescence and a flare. AU Mic is a $\sim$23 Myr M dwarf which hosts a debris disk and at least two planets. We estimate the temperature of the gas at 1000 to 2000 K, consistent with previous detections. Based on the radial velocities and widths of the H$_2$ line profiles and the response of the H$_2$ lines to a stellar flare, the H$_2$ line emission is likely produced in the star, rather than in the disk or the planet. However, the temperature of this gas is significantly below the temperature of the photosphere ($\sim$3650 K) and the predicted temperature of its star spots ($\gtrsim$2650 K). We discuss the possibility of colder star spots or a cold layer in the photosphere of a pre-main sequence M dwarf.
description: accepted to ApJ, 20 pages, many figures
Seeing the forest and the trees: a radio investigation of the ULIRG Mrk 273
Creators: name: Kukreti, Pranav
name: Morganti, Raffaella
name: Bondi, Marco
name: Oosterloo, Tom
name: Tadhunter, Clive
name: Morabito, Leah K.
name: Adams, E. A. K.
name: Adebahr, B.
name: de Blok, W. J. G.
name: de Gasperin, F.
name: Drabent, A.
name: Hess, K. M.
name: Ivashina, M. V.
name: Kutkin, A.
name: Mika, Á. M.
name: Oostrum, Leon
name: Shimwell, T. W.
name: van der Hulst, J. M.
name: van Leeuwen, Joeri
name: van Weeren, R. J.
name: Vohl, Dany
name: Ziemke, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Galaxy mergers have been observed to trigger nuclear activity by feeding gas to the central supermassive black hole. One such class of objects are Ultra Luminous InfraRed Galaxies (ULIRGs), which are mostly late stage major mergers of gas-rich galaxies. Recently, large-scale ($\sim$100 kpc) radio continuum emission has been detected in a select number of ULIRGs, all of which also harbour powerful Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN). This hints at the presence of large-scale radio emission being evidence for nuclear activity. Exploring the origin of this radio emission and its link to nuclear activity requires high sensitivity multi-frequency data. We present such an analysis of the ULIRG Mrk 273. Using the International LOFAR telescope (ILT), we detected spectacular large-scale arcs in this system. This detection includes, for the first time, a giant $\sim$190 kpc arc in the north. We propose these arcs are fuelled by a low power radio AGN triggered by the merger. We also identified a bright $\sim$45 kpc radio ridge, which is likely related to the ionised gas nebula in that region. We combined this with high sensitivity data from APERture Tile In Focus (Apertif) and archival data from the Very Large Array (VLA) to explore the spectral properties. The ILT simultaneously allowed us to probe the nucleus at a resolution of $\sim$0.3 arcsec, where we detected three components, and, for the first time, diffuse emission around these components. Combining this with archival high frequency VLA images of the nucleus allowed us to detect absorption in one component, and a steep spectrum radio AGN in another. We then extrapolate from this case study to the importance of investigating the presence of radio emission in more ULIRGs and what it can tell us about the link between mergers and the presence of radio activity.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A
Discovery of three new near-pristine absorption clouds at $z=2.6$-4.4
Creators: name: Robert, P. Frédéric
name: Murphy, Michael T.
name: O'Meara, John M.
name: Crighton, Neil H. M.
name: Fumagalli, Michele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the discovery of three new "near-pristine" Lyman Limit Systems (LLSs), with metallicities ~1/1000 solar, at redshifts 2.6, 3.8 and 4.0, with a targeted survey at the Keck Observatory. High resolution echelle spectra of eight candidates yielded precise column densities of hydrogen and weak, but clearly detected, metal lines in seven LLSs; we previously reported the one remaining, apparently metal-free LLS, to have metallicity <1/10000 solar. Robust photoionisation modelling provides metallicities [Si/H] = -3.05 to -2.94, with 0.26 dex uncertainties (95% confidence) for three LLSs, and [Si/H] >~ -2.5 for the remaining four. Previous simulations suggest that near-pristine LLSs could be the remnants of PopIII supernovae, so comparing their detailed metal abundances with nucleosynthetic yields from supernovae models is an important goal. Unfortunately, at most two different metals were detected in each new system, despite their neutral hydrogen column densities (10^{19.2-19.4} cm^{-2}) being two orders of magnitude larger than the two previous, serendipitously discovered near-pristine LLSs. Nevertheless, the success of this first targeted survey for near-pristine systems demonstrates the prospect that a much larger, future survey could identify clear observational signatures of PopIII stars. With a well-understood selection function, such a survey would also yield the number density of near-pristine absorbers which, via comparison to future simulations, could reveal the origin(s) of these rare systems.
description: Accepted by MNRAS. 21 pages, 27 figures
Robust Time Series Dissimilarity Measure for Outlier Detection and Periodicity Detection
Creators: name: Song, Xiaomin
name: Wen, Qingsong
name: Li, Yan
name: Sun, Liang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Dynamic time warping (DTW) is an effective dissimilarity measure in many time series applications. Despite its popularity, it is prone to noises and outliers, which leads to singularity problem and bias in the measurement. The time complexity of DTW is quadratic to the length of time series, making it inapplicable in real-time applications. In this paper, we propose a novel time series dissimilarity measure named RobustDTW to reduce the effects of noises and outliers. Specifically, the RobustDTW estimates the trend and optimizes the time warp in an alternating manner by utilizing our designed temporal graph trend filtering. To improve efficiency, we propose a multi-level framework that estimates the trend and the warp function at a lower resolution, and then repeatedly refines them at a higher resolution. Based on the proposed RobustDTW, we further extend it to periodicity detection and outlier time series detection. Experiments on real-world datasets demonstrate the superior performance of RobustDTW compared to DTW variants in both outlier time series detection and periodicity detection.
On the Nature of Ultracool White Dwarfs: Not so Cool Afterall
Creators: name: Bergeron, P.
name: Kilic, Mukremin
name: Blouin, Simon
name: Bédard, A.
name: Leggett, S. K.
name: Brown, Warren R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A recent analysis of the 100 pc white dwarf sample in the SDSS footprint demonstrated for the first time the existence of a well defined ultracool -- or IR-faint -- white dwarf sequence in the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram. Here we take advantage of this discovery to enlarge the IR-faint white dwarf sample threefold. We expand our selection to the entire Pan-STARRS survey footprint as well as the Montreal White Dwarf Database 100 pc sample, and identify 37 candidates with strong flux deficits in the optical. We present follow-up Gemini optical spectroscopy of 30 of these systems, and confirm all of them as IR-faint white dwarfs. We identify an additional set of 33 objects as candidates based on their colors and magnitudes. We present a detailed model atmosphere analysis of all 70 newly identified IR-faint white dwarfs together with 35 previously known objects reported in the literature. We discuss the physics of model atmospheres and show that the key physical ingredient missing in our previous generation of model atmospheres was the high-density correction to the He-minus free-free absorption coefficient. With new model atmospheres calculated for the purpose of this analysis, we now obtain significantly higher effective temperatures and larger stellar masses for these IR-faint white dwarfs than the Teff and M values reported in previous analyses, thus solving a two decade old problem. In particular, we identify in our sample a group of ultramassive white dwarfs in the Debye cooling phase with stellar parameters never measured before.
description: Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal (33 pages, 21 figures)
Compilation of California and US Zero Emission Vehicle Programs, Laws, and Incentives
Creators: name: Todd, Michael
name: Luo, Jill
name: Scora, George
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Zero Emission Vehicle, ZEV Programs, ZEV Laws, ZEV Incentives, Battery Electric Vehicle, Hydrogen Fuel Cell Vehicle, BEV, HFCV

description: These appendices serve as a compilation of California and US Zero Emission Vehicle (ZEV) programs, laws, and incentives. The documents summarize California laws and incentives specific to Hydrogen Fuel Cell Vehicles(HFCV) and Battery Electric Vehicles (BEV). An additional appendix also details ZEV programs by state throughout the US. These documents serve as support documents to the report entitled "Integrating Zero Emission Vehicles into the Caltrans Fleet" (https://doi.org/10.7922/G20V8B3F)
Revisiting V1309 Sco 2008 outburst spectra. Observational evidence for theoretical modeling of stellar mergers
Creators: name: Mason, Elena
name: Shore, Steven N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: CONTEXT: V1309 Sco is the only certain noncompact stellar merger, due to its indisputable preoutburst light curve matching that of a contact binary of almost equal mass stars. Therefore, anything that can be deduced from the existing observations serves as benchmark constraints for models. AIMS: We present some observational evidences to guide future hydrodynamical simulations and common envelope studies. METHODS: Using archive spectra taken at high and mid spectral resolution during the V1309 Sco outburst and late decline, together with the inferential methods we developed to study nova ejecta through panchromatic high resolution spectroscopic follow ups, we constrain the physical state, structure, dynamics and geometry of the transient originated in the stellar merger. RESULTS: We found that the emitted spectra arise from two distinct contributions: matter expelled during the 2008 outburst and circumbinary gas produced during historic mass loss episodes. These two components likely have orthogonal geometry with the 2008 mass loss displaying a dust-laden bipolar ejecta produced by a time limited rapidly accelerating wind and the circumbinary gas having a donut-like shape. A central source powers them both, having produced a fluorescent light pulse, but we cannot precisely determine the time it started or its spectral energy distribution. We can, however, place its upper energy cutoff at about 54 eV and the bulk of its emission at $<$20 eV. We also know that the central source turned off within months from the outburst and before the ejecta turned optically thin.
description: 11 pages, 9 figures (png format). Accepted for publication in A&A
Unraveling UBC 274: a morphological, kinematical and chemical analysis of a disrupting open cluster
Creators: name: Casamiquela, L.
name: Olivares, J.
name: Tarricq, Y.
name: Ferrone, S.
name: Soubiran, C.
name: Jofré, P.
name: di Matteo, P.
name: Espinoza-Rojas, F.
name: Castro-Ginard, A.
name: Silva, D. de Brito
name: Chanamé, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We do a morphological, kinematic and chemical analysis of the disrupting cluster UBC 274 (2.5 Gyr, $d=1778$ pc) to study its global properties. We use HDBSCAN to obtain a new membership list up to 50 pc from its centre and up to magnitude $G=19$ using Gaia EDR3 data. We use high resolution and high signal-to-noise spectra to obtain atmospheric parameters of 6 giants and subgiants, and individual abundances of 18 chemical species. The cluster has a highly eccentric (0.93) component, tilted $\sim$10 deg with respect to the plane of the Galaxy, which is morphologically compatible with the result of a test-particle simulation of a disrupting cluster. Our abundance analysis shows that the cluster has a subsolar metallicity of [Fe/H]$=-0.08\pm0.02$. Its chemical pattern is compatible with that of Ruprecht 147, of similar age but located closer to the Sun, with the remarkable exception of neutron-capture elements, which present an overabundance of $[n\mathrm{/Fe]}\sim0.1$. The cluster's elongated morphology is associated with the internal part of its tidal tail, following the expected dynamical process of disruption. We find a significant sign of mass segregation where the most massive stars appear 1.5 times more concentrated than other stars. The cluster's overabundance of neutron-capture elements can be related to the metallicity dependence of the neutron-capture yields due to the secondary nature of these elements, predicted by some models. UBC 274 presents a high chemical homogeneity at the level of $0.03$ dex in the sampled region of its tidal tails.
description: Accepted by A&A
Distracted pedestrian behavior: An observational study of risk by situational environments
Creators: name: Schwebel, David C.
name: Canter, Margaret F.
name: Hasan, Ragib
name: Griffin, Russell
name: White, Taylor R.
name: Johnston, Anna
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Pedestrian-related death rates are increasing in the United States, partly due to increased use of distracting smartphones by pedestrians. Previous research documents high frequency of smartphone use while crossing streets near college campuses and in downtown business districts, but little is known about distracted pedestrian behavior in other urban environments. The current study used observational methods to examine and compare distracted pedestrian behavior in four urban areas – near an urban college campus, in a downtown commercial business district, near middle and high schools, and in entertainment districts – as well as examining whether the occurrence of distraction was associated with unsafe crossing behaviors. We observed 112 intersections in 46 downtown, 30 school, 25 entertainment district, and 11 college campus-area intersections. Coders recorded distraction, crossing safety, pedestrian demographics, and traffic volume. Chi-square tests compared pedestrian characteristics by intersection type. Log binomial regressions estimated risk ratios (RRs) and associated 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for associations between pedestrians walking alone and traffic volume with distracted crossing behavior, adjusting for age and gender. Similar models examined risk of unsafe crossing behavior by distraction behavior. All models were stratified by intersection type. Distraction incidence was highest in campus locations (52.9%) and lowest in entertainment districts (16.2%). Walking alone was associated with a 45% higher risk of distraction (RR 1.45, 95% CI 1.30-1.62), although the increased association was limited to entertainment locations (RR 1.61, 95% CI 1.25-2.08) and was significantly decreased in all other locations. Higher traffic volume was associated with lower risk of distraction in downtown locations (RR 0.69, 95% CI 0.56-0.85) but higher distraction risk in entertainment locations (RR 1.71, 95% CI 1.27-2.31). Associations between distraction and unsafe crossing behaviors were minimal. Distracted pedestrian behavior occurs at different rates and in different circumstances, depending on the setting. These results offer valuable data to inform intervention programs that target appropriate populations in appropriate locations.
การยับยั้งแบคทีเรียและการต้านไบโอฟิล์มของแอคติโนแบคทีเรียจากดินตะกอนป่าชายเลน
Creators: name: ปวีณา สุขสอาด
Publisher: name: คณะศิลปศาสตร์และวิทยาศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยเกษตรศาสตร์ วิทยาเขตกำแพง
Year: 2024
Subjects: การต้านไบโอฟิล์ม
การยับยั้งแบคทีเรีย
ดินตะกอนป่าชายเลน
แอคติโนแบคทีเรีย

description: ศวท: ศิลปศาสตร์ วิทยาศาสตร์และเทคโนโลยี, 1, 1, 1-11
Asteroseismology of the DAV star L19-2
Creators: name: Chen, Yanhui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: L19-2 is a DAV star, which has been intermittently observed from 1976 to 2013. Five independent pulsation modes of 350\,s, 192\,s, 143\,s, 118\,s, and 113\,s are identified. The five modes can be used to constrain the fitting models. The rates of period change can be obtained through the O-C method for modes of 192\,s and 113\,s, which can be used to study the evolution effect of DAV stars. Using the \texttt{WDEC} (2018 version), a large sample DAV star models are evolved. The theoretical modes are calculated and used to fit the observed modes. After fine model fittings, we obtain an optimal model with an absolute difference of $Φ$ = 0.06\,s. By parameterizing the core oxygen profile, the \texttt{WDEC} (2018 version) procedure can greatly reduce the fitting error of asteroseismological model. According to our optimal model, the distance obtained through the model luminosity is only 1\% different from that reported by the Gaia Data Release 2. The L19-2 is a massive and hot DAV star with relatively a thick H atmosphere and a thick He layer. The stellar parameters and the rates of period change of our optimal model are a little modifications to that of the previous work. Our optimal model has a large central oxygen abundance. The central oxygen abundance is strongly correlated with the previous physical process of stellar evolution. A lot of asteroseismological work on white dwarfs have an opportunity to explore the progenitor stars.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures, 5 tables. Accepted by ApJ on June 7, 2022
Pediatric electric scooter injuries in the UK: Case series and review of literature
Creators: name: Morgan, Catrin
name: Morgan, Rebecca
name: Dela Cruz, Nina Jyne Minette V.
name: Sun, Stephen Ng Man
name: Sarraf, Khaled M.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Electric scooters are being used worldwide as a new means of transport and e-scooter shared schemes are currently being piloted in cities across the UK. At present, there is no data published looking at pediatric e-scooter injuries within the UK. We aim to assess if e-scooters pose a risk to children and the patterns and severity of orthopedic injuries related to their use. We performed a retrospective review of all orthopedic pediatric referrals relating to e-scooter use from January 1 to December 31, 2020 at two hospitals, including one pediatric Major Trauma Center in central London. Data including patient demographics, mechanism of injury, diagnosis, and treatment were collected. Ten patients were identified in this series, of which 5 required orthopedic surgery. Four patients required admission to hospital from the emergency department. The median age was 15 (range 13–17 years) and all were male. All e-scooters were privately owned and all sustained a fall whilst riding the e-scooter. No patient was wearing a helmet. Six sustained lower limb injuries and four upper limb injuries. Two patients were trauma called and one patient sustained an open fracture. There were no mortalities at 30 days. E-scooters pose a significant risk to children and can be associated with severe musculoskeletal injury. The risk they pose to the pediatric population should not be overlooked and these findings may inform public policy regarding the restriction of electric scooter use in children.
Age-based differences in the disability of spine injuries in pediatric and adult motor vehicle crash occupants
Creators: name: Lynch, S. Delanie
name: Weaver, Ashley A.
name: Barnard, Ryan T.
name: Kiani, Bahram
name: Stitzel, Joel D.
name: Zonfrillo, Mark R.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: The objective was to develop a disability-based metric for quantifying disability rates as a result of motor vehicle crash (MVC) spine injuries and compare functional outcomes between pediatric and adult subgroups. Disability rate was quantified using Functional Independence Measure (FIM) scores within the National Trauma Data Bank—Research Data System for the top 95% most frequent Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) 3 spine injuries (14 unique injuries). Pediatric (7–18 years), young adult (19–45 years), middle-aged adult (46–65 years), and older adult (66+ years) MVC occupants with FIM scores available and at least one of the 14 spine injuries were included. FIM scores of 1 or 2 at time of discharge were used to define disability and correspond to full functional or modified dependence in self-feeding, locomotion, and/or verbal expression. Disability rate was evaluated on a per injury basis for each AIS 3 spine injury and calculated as the proportion of cases associated with disability (i.e. FIM of 1 or 2) out of the total cases of that particular injury. Disability rates were calculated with and without the exclusion of cases with severe co-injuries (AIS 4+) to minimize bias from additional non-spinal injuries that could have contributed to disability. Associations between adjusted disability rates and existing mortality rates were investigated. Locomotion impairment alone was the most frequent disability type for the top 14 AIS 3 spine injuries (7 cervical, 4 thoracic, and 3 lumbar) across all age groups and spine regions. Adjusted and unadjusted disability rates ranged from 0-69%. Adjusted disability rates increased with age: 14.8 ± 10% (mean ± SD) in pediatrics to 16.2 ± 6.6% (young adults), 29.2 ± 10.9% (middle-aged adults), and 45.0 ± 12.2% (older adults). Among all adult populations, adjusted mortality and disability rates were positively correlated (R2>0.24), with disability rates consistently greater than corresponding mortality rates. Older adults had significantly greater disability rates associated with MVC spine injuries across all spinal regions. MVC disability rates for pediatrics were considerably lower. Overall, rates of mortality were significantly lower than rates of disability. The adjusted disability rates developed can supplement existing injury metrics by accounting for age- and location-specific functional implications of MVC spine injuries.
Postural analysis of side impact WorldSID 50th ATD in highly reclined seats
Creators: name: Sagrado, Luis Enrique
name: Escalante, Susana
name: Alonso, Sergio
name: García, David
name: Abajo, Julio
name: Diez, Mónica
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: The anthropomorphic test device (ATD) used in NCAP frontal impact, the Thor 50th, has undergone substantial changes for safety restraint systems testing of upcoming autonomous vehicles (AVs), resulting in the Thor-AV 50 M. Likewise, a deep analysis of the ATD for lateral impacts, the WorldSID 50th, is needed to determine the requirements it has to fulfill to accurately replicate the human body response under lateral impact. This study sets out general considerations regarding the WorldSID 50th ATD design in order to assess its suitability for AV testing scenarios. The WorldSID 50th ATD was placed in a driver seat at a conventional upright driving posture. Relevant body landmarks and angles as well as profile streams of the mockup and the ATD were recorded. The seatback was then reclined stepwise. The ATD was repositioned and the recording procedure repeated at every posture until the seatback was fully reclined. Examination of the ATD assemblies and hinge mechanisms was performed, searching for limitations that could result on inadequate positioning or performance under impact. An eventual SAEJ3016 Level 3 cross-legged posture (SAE J3016, 2021) was considered for examination as well. Most relevant anthropometric constraints were noticed at the abdomen and the shoulder and neck assemblies: At the abdomen, a gap between the pelvis and the lower torso appeared at seatback recline angles larger than 30°, likely promoting belt intrusion in case of a test event, and the lumbar spine rubber deformed progressively in a manner that might cause tearing damage. The number and arrangement of the shoulder clevis detents, on the other hand, did not allow the arm to be placed at intermediate positions. Finally, the current neck bracket design allowed head orientation only along the sagittal plane. The head could neither be level at seatback angles larger than 43° nor be placed resting on the head restraint for seatback angle values larger than 59°. The WorldSID ATD stands as an accurate 50th percentile human being surrogate in upright and low/mid reclined postures. Some limitations that might constrain its use in AV scenarios, though, appeared at mid/high reclined positions. Hence, design updating of the lumbar, neck and shoulder clevis assemblies, and the implementation of instrumented lower abdomen and lower arms assemblies should be taken into consideration.
การสังเคราะห์ซิงค์ออกไซด์ที่เจือด้วยอะลูมิเนียมด้วยกระบวนการตกตะกอนทางเคมีสำหรับ การประยุกต์เชิงโฟโตคะตะไลซิส
Creators: name: สุชีวัน กรอบทอง
Publisher: name: คณะศิลปศาสตร์และวิทยาศาสตร์ มหาวิทยาลัยเกษตรศาสตร์ วิทยาเขตกำแพง
Year: 2024
Subjects: ซิงค์ออกไซด์
อะลูมิเนียม
โฟโตคะตะไลซิส
เมทิลออเรนจ์

description: ศวท: ศิลปศาสตร์ วิทยาศาสตร์และเทคโนโลยี, 1, 1, 12-22
Imaging Polarization of the Blue-Excess Hot Dust-Obscured Galaxy WISE J011601.41-050504.0
Creators: name: Assef, Roberto J.
name: Bauer, Franz E.
name: Blain, Andrew W.
name: Brightman, Murray
name: Díaz-Santos, Tanio
name: Eisenhardt, Peter R. M.
name: Jun, Hyunsung D.
name: Stern, Daniel
name: Tsai, Chao-Wei
name: Walton, Dominic J.
name: Wu, Jingwen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on VLT/FORS2 imaging polarimetry observations in the $R_{\rm special}$ band of WISE J011601.41-050504.0 (W0116-0505), a heavily obscured hyper-luminous quasar at $z=3.173$ classified as a Hot, Dust-Obscured Galaxy (Hot DOG) based on its mid-IR colors. Recently, Assef et al. (2020) identified W0116-0505 as having excess rest-frame optical/UV emission, and concluded this excess emission is most likely scattered light from the heavily obscured AGN. We find that the broad-band rest-frame UV flux is strongly linearly polarized (10.8$\pm$1.9\%, with a polarization angle of 74$\pm$9~deg), confirming this conclusion. We analyze these observations in the context of a simple model based on scattering either by free electrons or by optically thin dust, assuming a classical dust torus with polar openings. Both can replicate the degree of polarization and the luminosity of the scattered component for a range of geometries and column densities, but we argue that optically thin dust in the ISM is the more likely scenario. We also explore the possibility that the scattering medium corresponds to an outflow recently identified for W0116-0505. This is a feasible option if the outflow component is bi-conical with most of the scattering occurring at the base of the receding outflow. In this scenario the quasar would still be obscured even if viewed face on, but might appear as a reddened type 1 quasar once the outflow has expanded. We discuss a possible connection between blue-excess Hot DOGs, extremely red quasars (ERQs), reddened type 1 quasars, and unreddened quasars that depends on a combination of evolution and viewing geometry.
description: 19 pages, 10 figures, 2 tables. Resubmitted to ApJ after first round of referee comments
Two-dimensional modeling of the tearing-mode-governed magnetic reconnection in the large-scale current sheet above the two-ribbon flare
Creators: name: Zhang, Yining
name: Ye, Jing
name: Mei, Zhixing
name: Li, Yan
name: Lin, Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We attempt to model magnetic reconnection during the two-ribbon flare in the gravitationally stratified solar atmosphere with the Lundquist number of $S=10^6$ using 2D simulations. We found that the tearing mode instability leads to the inhomogeneous turbulence inside the reconnecting current sheet (CS) and invokes the fast phase of reconnection. Fast reconnection brings an extra dissipation of magnetic field which enhances the reconnection rate in an apparent way. The energy spectrum in the CS shows the power-law pattern and the dynamics of plasmoids governs the associated spectral index. We noticed that the energy dissipation occurs at a scale $l_{ko}$ of 100-200~km, and the associated CS thickness ranges from 1500 to 2500~km, which follows the Taylor scale $l_T=l_{ko} S^{1/6}$. The termination shock(TS) appears in the turbulent region above flare loops, which is an important contributor to heating flare loops. Substantial magnetic energy is converted into both kinetic and thermal energies via TS, and the cumulative heating rate is greater than the rate of the kinetic energy transfer. In addition, the turbulence is somehow amplified by TS, of which the amplitude is related to the local geometry of the TS.
description: 22 pages, 10 figures; Accepted for publication in Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics
A recent update of gas-phase chemical reactions and molecular lines in CLOUDY: its effects on millimeter and sub-millimeter molecular line predictions
Creators: name: Shaw, Gargi
name: Ferland, G. J.
name: Chatzikos, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Here we present our current updates of the gas-phase chemical reaction rates and molecular lines in the spectral synthesis code CLOUDY, and its implications in spectroscopic modelling of various astrophysical environments. We include energy levels, radiative and collisional rates for HF, CF$^+$, HC$_3$N, ArH$^+$, HCl, HCN, CN, CH, and CH$_2$. Simultaneously, we expand our molecular network involving these molecules. For this purpose, we have added 561 new reactions and have updated the existing 165 molecular reaction rates involving these molecules. As a result, CLOUDY now predicts all the lines arising from these nine molecules. In addition, we also update H$_2$--H$_2$ collisional data up to rotational levels $J$=31 for $v$=0. We demonstrate spectroscopic simulations of these molecules for a few astrophysical environments. Our existing model for globules in the Crab nebula successfully predicts the observed column density of ArH$^+$. Our model predicts a detectable amount of HeH$^+$, OH$^+$, and CH$^+$ for the Crab nebula. We also model the ISM towards HD185418, W31C, NGC 253, and our predictions match with most of the observed column densities within the observed error bars. Very often molecular lines trace various physical conditions. Hence, this update will be very supportive for spectroscopic modelling of various astrophysical environments, particularly involving sub-millimeter and mid-infrared observations using ALMA and JWST, respectively.
description: 40 pages, 6 figures, 18 tables, Accepted for publication in ApJ