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title: Ð²ÑÐ¿ÑÑÐºÐ½Ð°Ñ ÐºÐ²Ð°Ð»Ð¸ÑÐ¸ÐºÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ° Ð¼Ð°Ð³Ð¸ÑÑÑÐ°
titleType: Subtitle
title: The influence of space-planning solutions and the functional purpose of the object on the evacuation of human flows in the event of a fire on the example of the Winter Palace of the State Hermitage Museum
Creators: name: Ð Ð¾Ð·Ð¾Ð², ÐÑÑÐµÐ¼
Publisher: name: Ð¡Ð°Ð½ÐºÑ-ÐÐµÑÐµÑÐ±ÑÑÐ³ÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ ÑÐ½Ð¸Ð²ÐµÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑ ÐÐµÑÑÐ° ÐÐµÐ»Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾
Year: 2021
Subjects: Ð­ÑÐ¼Ð¸ÑÐ°Ð¶, Ð¼ÑÐ·ÐµÐ¹
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description: The work contains a description of the space-planning characteristics of the Winter Palace of the State Hermitage Museum (Saint-Petersburg, Russia), the results of modelling the evacuation of people in the field of evacuation in case of fire. Evacuation schemes for instructing staff and managing the condition of doors were developed after the analysis of the results. The space-planning characteristics were controlled by a laser tool. A 3D computer model of the object of research is constructed in the âSigma FSâ software (Russia). The features of the space-planning solution are studied in the work. The most probable and dangerous places of occurrence of fire centers are determined. The computer simulation of the development of a fire and the evacuation of people for different scenarios was modelled in the program. The study is based on the concept of timely and unhindered evacuation of people. Much attention was paid to solving the problem of preserving museum valuables. Minimizing the number of people leaving the building on the Palace Square and maximizing the load on the entrances leading to the courtyard let to solve this problem. Visitors with reduced mobility (VRM) forces the task of minimizing the length of the path, and therefore the duration of the evacuation time. Such visitors require the accompany of the museum staff. As a result, the maximum number of visitors (4000) was established. Conditions for safe evacuation are provided for all of 4000 persons. The time characteristics of the evacuation process were determined, taking into account the VRM. The necessary evacuation time was determined. The evacuation routes were established to ensure the safe evacuation of people and the safety of museum valuables in case of various fire centers. The calculated scenarios formed the basis for instructions for staff. Also, they can be used to provide training evacuations, solving logistical problems of the staff schedule of the Museum Security Service.