cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Elephants, goldfishes and SOUL: a dissertation on forgetfulness and control systems
Creators: name: Agapito, Guido
name: Pinna, Enrico
name: Puglisi, Alfio
name: Rossi, Fabio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Adaptive Optics control systems accumulate differential measurements during closed loop operations to estimate turbulence and drive the deformable mirror. But have you ever wondered if your control system should be like an elephant, and never forget, or should it have a weak memory like a goldfish? Are measurement errors always zero mean or does static effects impact performance? Are commands high spatial frequencies good or are you wasting all the inter-actuator stroke for nothing? This work will try to answer these questions showing you results obtained during SOUL commissioning and analysing the impact of the values of the control system poles on Adaptive Optics. So be prepared to focus on forgetfulness and discover the advantages of being a goldfish in a digital world made of elephants.
description: AO4ELT6 proceedings
Observation and Properties of the X(3872) Decaying to J/psi pi+ pi- in p-p(bar) Collisions at sqrt(s) = 1.96 TeV
Creators: name: D0 Collaboration
name: Abazov, V. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the observation of the X(3872) in the J/psi pi+pi- channel, with J/psi decaying to mu+mu- in p-p(bar) collisions at sqrt(s) = 1.96 TeV. Using approximately 230 pb^-1 of data collected with the Run II D0 detector, we observe 522 +/- 100 X(3872) candidates. The mass difference between the X(3872) state and the J/psi is measured to be 774.9 +/- 3.1 (stat.) +/- 3.0 (syst.) MeV/c^2. We have investigated the production and decay characteristics of the X(3872), and find them to be similar to those of the psi(2S) state.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures, LaTeX, version as accepted by Physical Review Letters
Gomphoneis subcapitata Kociolek, Kulikovskiy & Solak 2013
Creators: name: Kociolek, John P.
name: Kulikovskiy, Maxim S.
name: Solak, Cüneyt N.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Chromista
Ochrophyta
Bacillariophyceae
Cymbellales
Gomphonemataceae
Gomphoneis
Gomphoneis subcapitata

description: Gomphoneis cf. subcapitata (Figs 175–192, 406)
Valves small, lanceolate to nearly elliptical-clavate, headpole rounded, footpole narrowly rounded. Length 8.0– 15.5 µm, breadth 2.5–3.5 µm. Axial area narrow, straight, expanded to form a wide rectangular central area extending to the margin with1–2 shortened striae. 4 stigmoids positioned at the end of striae occur around the central area. Raphe barely lateral, more or less straight. Striae costate, slightly radiate, 13–16/ 10 µm. Apical pore field indistrinct. Septa and pseudosepta at the poles, small.
In the SEM the valve interior of this small diatom has a rather prominent central nodule, with recurved proximal raphe ends, and surrounded by 4 stigmoids. The stigmoid openings are more or less rounded. Large helictoglossae are present at the poles, and there is a small pseudoseptum at each end of the valve (Fig. 406).
 Observations:— We will continue to examine specimens of this relatively common species before deciding whether to include all similar specimens within a concept of G. subcapitata, or to segregate them into a separate species. Valve shape with respect to how developed the protracted headpole might be (less protracted in these specimens) differentiates this group from G. subcapitata.
description: Published as part of Kociolek, John P., Kulikovskiy, Maxim S. & Solak, Cüneyt N., 2013, The diatom genus Gomphoneis Cleve (Bacillariophyceae) from Lake Baikal, Russia, pp. 1-37 in Phytotaxa 154 (1) on page 14, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.154.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5100778
Highly efficient crystal deflector for channeling extraction of a proton beam from accelerators
Creators: name: Guidi, V.
name: Malagu, C.
name: Martinelli, G.
name: Stefancich, M.
name: Vincenzi, D.
name: Biryukov, V. M.
name: Chesnokov, Yu. A.
name: Kotov, V. I.
name: Scandale, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The design and performance of a novel crystal deflector for proton beams are reported. A silicon crystal was used to channel and extract 70 GeV protons from the U-70 accelerator in Protvino with an efficiency of 85%, as measured for a beam of ~1e12 protons directed towards crystals of ~2 mm length in spills of ~2 s duration. Experimental data agree with the theoretically predicted Monte Carlo results for channeling. The technique allows one to manufacture a very short deflector along the beam direction (2 mm). Consequently, multiple encounters of circulating particles with the crystal are possible with little probability of multiple scattering and nuclear interactions per encounter. Thus, drastic increase in efficiency for particle extraction out of the accelerator was attained. We show the characteristics of the crystal- deflector and the technology behind it. Such an achievement is important in devising a more efficient use of the U-70 accelerator and provides crucial support for implementing crystal-assisted slow extraction and collimation in other machines, such as the Tevatron, RHIC, the AGS, the SNS, COSY, and the LHC.
description: Presented at PAC 2003 (Portland, May 12-16)
Implementing the FAIR Data Principles: The Ethnic and Migrant Minorities' Survey Registry
Creators: name: Morales, Laura
name: Saji, Ami
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: survey research
ethnic minorities
migrant minorities
FAIR principles
EOSC
Europe
social sciences

description: This presentation introduces the newly launched, Ethnic and Migrant Minorities' (EMMs’) Survey Registry: a free online tool that has been shaped by the FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reusable) principles and has been set up to display compiled survey-level metadata for over 800 quantitative surveys undertaken with EMM (sub)populations from over 30 different countries. Specifically, this presentations illustrates how the FAIR principles informed the design, development, and delivery of the EMM Survey Registry. It also includes a presentation of the front and back-ends of the EMM Survey Registry to showcase how users can leverage the current metadata offerings (i.e. information about nearly 500 surveys from 14 different European countries) for various research and policy purposes, as well as how users can contribute to the EMM Survey Registry so it can be sustained and updated in the months and years to come. The EMM Survey Registry is jointly being produced by SSHOC’s Task 9.2 (Ethnic Migration Studies) team of Work Package 9 (Data Communities), in close collaboration with COST Action 16111 – ETHMIGSURVEYDATA (an international network of more than 200 researchers active in the ethnic and migration studies field) and FAIRETHMIGQUANT (a French Agence Nationale de la Recherche funded Open Science project).
Near-field Analysis of Strong Coupling between Localized Surface Plasmons and Excitons
Creators: name: Fain, Nadav
name: Ellenbogen, Tal
name: Schwartz, Tal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We simulate the near-field effects of strong coupling between molecular excitons and localized surface plasmons, supported by aluminum nanodisks. The simulations are done using a simple model of a two-level system, implemented in a commercial electromagnetic finite-difference time-domain solver. While the Rabi splitting is present in the near-field, its spectral gap is seen to be smaller than the one obtained in the far-field, although it follows a clear square root dependence on the molecular density as expected. Moreover, the energy exchange between the plasmonic mode and the excitonic material is evident in 'beats' within the electromagnetic near-field, which are out of phase with respect to the exciton population. Our results explicitly demonstrate the collective nature of strong coupling, which is expressed by the synchronized population oscillations at the collective Rabi frequency set by the number of molecules interacting with the plasmonic mode. This analysis sheds light on strong coupling effects in the near-field region using a versatile model, which provides a powerful tool to study strong coupling, near-field effects, and light-matter interactions in general.
Gomphoneis subcapitata Kociolek, Kulikovskiy & Solak 2013
Creators: name: Kociolek, John P.
name: Kulikovskiy, Maxim S.
name: Solak, Cüneyt N.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Chromista
Ochrophyta
Bacillariophyceae
Cymbellales
Gomphonemataceae
Gomphoneis
Gomphoneis subcapitata

description: Gomphoneis cf. subcapitata (Figs 215–222, 405)
Valves linear-lanceolate clavate, with apices rounded. Length 19–29 µm, breadth 3.0– 4.5 µm. Axial area straight, expanded to form an irregularly-shaped, asymmetrical more or less rectangular central area bordered by 1–2 shortened striae on either side. 4 isolated stigmoids present around central area. Raphe lateral, straight, with external proximal raphe ends dilated and distal ends extend onto mantle. Striae radiate to parallel, 12–15/ 10 µm. Apical pore fields distinct, formed by rows of porelli. Septa and pseudosepta present at poles.
In the SEM, external proximal raphe ends are dilated and elongate, while the distal raphe ends are deflected on the valve face and then proceed onto the mantle (Fig. 405). Two of the stigmoid openings appear larger than the other two (Fig. 405).
description: Published as part of Kociolek, John P., Kulikovskiy, Maxim S. & Solak, Cüneyt N., 2013, The diatom genus Gomphoneis Cleve (Bacillariophyceae) from Lake Baikal, Russia, pp. 1-37 in Phytotaxa 154 (1) on page 15, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.154.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5100778
Superodontella nana
Creators: name: Thibaud, Jean-Marc
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Collembola
Poduromorpha
Odontellidae
Superodontella
Superodontella nana

description: Superodontella nana (Cassagnau, 1954) **
Odontella nana Cassagnau, 1954a: 73.
Odontella (Superodontella) nana – Deharveng 1981: 10.
Superodontella nana – Bedos & Deharveng 1990: 17.
DISTRIBUTION. — Hautes-Pyrénées. Valléed’Estibère (Cassagnau 1954a). — Massif du Néouvielle et Pyrénées (Cassagnau 1961). — Hautevalléedel’Aureetmassif du Néouvielle (Lauga-Reyrel & Lauga 1995).
Tarn, Aude. Montagne Noire (Cassagnau 1965).
Tarn. Sidobre (Izarra 1969).
ÉCOLOGIE. — Cassagnau 1965 (écologie, sol).
description: Published as part of Thibaud, Jean-Marc, 2017, Catalogue des collemboles de France, pp. 297-436 in Zoosystema 39 (3) on page 333, DOI: 10.5252/z2017n3a1, http://zenodo.org/record/5496272
Rare hadronic B decays: probing deeper into the Standard Model
Creators: name: Schwartz, A. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present recent results from the Belle experiment on rare hadronic B meson decays. The results are based on a 78 fb^{-1} data sample and consist of branching fractions, CP asymmetries, and polarization amplitudes. The decays studied include two-body pseudoscalar-pseudoscalar final states (B -> pi pi, K pi, KK, and D^0 K^\pm); pseudoscalar-vector final states (B -> omega pi, omega K, and phi K); and vector-vector final states (B -> phi K* and rho^+ rho^0).
description: 12 pages, 8 figures, 7 tables, recent results from the Belle experiment. Contribution to the 8th Conference on the Intersections of Particle and Nuclear Physics (CIPANP 2003)
Efficient modeling of correlated noise I. Statistical significance of periodogram peaks
Creators: name: Delisle, J. -B.
name: Hara, N.
name: Ségransan, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Periodograms are common tools used to search for periodic signals in unevenly spaced time series. The significance of periodogram peaks is often assessed using false alarm probability (FAP), which in most studies assumes uncorrelated noise and is computed using numerical methods such as bootstrapping or Monte Carlo. These methods have a high computational cost, especially for low FAP levels, which are of most interest. We present an analytical estimate of the FAP of the periodogram in the presence of correlated noise, which is fundamental to analyze astronomical time series correctly. The analytical estimate that we derive provides a very good approximation of the FAP at a much lower cost than numerical methods. We validate our analytical approach by comparing it with Monte Carlo simulations. Finally, we discuss the sensitivity of the method to different assumptions in the modeling of the noise.
description: Accepted in A&A
Gomphoneis skabitchevskii Kociolek & Kulikovskiy & Solak 2013
Creators: name: Kociolek, John P.
name: Kulikovskiy, Maxim S.
name: Solak, Cüneyt N.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Chromista
Ochrophyta
Bacillariophyceae
Cymbellales
Gomphonemataceae
Gomphoneis
Gomphoneis skabitchevskii

description: Gomphoneis cf. skabitchevskii (Figs 229–250)
Valves elliptical-clavate, slightly tumid at center with slightly protracted rounded headpole and narrowly rounded footpole. Length 12–27 µm, breadth 4.5–7.0 µm. Axial area narrow, expanded to form a transversely widened, irregular to rectangular central area bordered by 1–2 shortened striae on either side, near the margin. 4 isolated stigmoids, usually arranged offset from one another, occur around the central area. The raphe is broadly lateral, undulate, with external proximal raphe ends rounded. External distal raphe ends extend straight onto the valve mantle at both apices. Costate striae radiate, except at the headpole where they become nearly parallel. Striae 17–20/ 10 µm. Apical pore field small. Septa and pseudosepta at the poles, indistinct.
 Observations:— This size series is very similar to G. skabitchevskii, differing only slightly in the outline of the valve. This populations looks to be slightly more robust than the new species described here.
description: Published as part of Kociolek, John P., Kulikovskiy, Maxim S. & Solak, Cüneyt N., 2013, The diatom genus Gomphoneis Cleve (Bacillariophyceae) from Lake Baikal, Russia, pp. 1-37 in Phytotaxa 154 (1) on page 17, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.154.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5100778
Appendix Domestic internal consumption.odt
Creators: name: Oyhantçabal, Gabriel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 140201 Agricultural Economics
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: 140203 Economic History

description: Source used to measure ground rent appropiated due to cheapening of agrarian commodities for domestic consumption. The reduction in the export prices caused by the overvaluation of the national currency (OV) and by the agrarian export taxes (AET) is transferred to the domestic market price of these commodities given the competition among agrarian capitals to sell their production in this market. For all those agrarian commodities sold both in the world and in the domestic market, this effect was estimated as a new mechanism of ground rent appropriation (GRCC), while the surplus value lost by agrarian capitals is also compensated with ground rent. The immediate beneficiaries of this reduction are the capitalists and the workers who consume cheapened commodities. However, in the latter case, the competition among workers to sell their labor force transfers this reduction to the salary, so, the final beneficiaries are the capitals that buy cheapened labor force. To measure GRCC the annual domestic consumption value (DCt) of each commodity was multiplied by the effect on the domestic price of agrarian export taxes (AETt / AEt) and of OV as presented in the following equation: GRCCt = DCt * AETt/AEt + DCt * OVt. The effect was measured for the following commodities: beef, wool, sheep meat, dairy products, rice and wheat. The effect caused by OV was estimated for all of them, and the effect caused by the AET was considered only for beef and wool.
Superodontella proxima
Creators: name: Thibaud, Jean-Marc
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Collembola
Poduromorpha
Odontellidae
Superodontella
Superodontella proxima

description: Superodontella proxima (Deharveng & Izarra, 1979) **
Odontella proxima Deharveng & Izarra, 1979: 2. Odontella (Superodontella) proxima – Deharveng 1981: 11.
Superodontella proxima – Bedos & Deharveng 1990: 17.
DISTRIBUTION. — Pyrénées-Orientales. Osséja, Puigmal d’Err, 1900 m (Deharveng & Izarra 1979).
description: Published as part of Thibaud, Jean-Marc, 2017, Catalogue des collemboles de France, pp. 297-436 in Zoosystema 39 (3) on page 333, DOI: 10.5252/z2017n3a1, http://zenodo.org/record/5496272
Mixing coproducts for theories with particle-dependent relativistic properties
Creators: name: Amelino-Camelia, Giovanni
name: Palmisano, Michelangelo
name: Ronco, Michele
name: D'Amico, Giacomo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze a few illustrative examples of scenarios in which relativistic symmetries are deformed by Planck-scale effects in particle-type-dependent manner. The novel mathematical structures required by such scenarios are the mixing coproducts, which govern the (deformed) law of conservation of energy and momentum when particles with different relativistic properties interact. We also comment on the relevance of these findings for recent proposals concerning the possibility that neutrinos might have relativistic properties which are different from those of photons and/or the possibility that composite particles might have relativistic properties which are different from those of fundamental ones.
Electronic supplementary material 5. Age structuring of parasite community composition from Age of first infection across a range of parasite taxa in a wild mammalian population
Creators: name: Combrink, Leigh
name: Glidden, Caroline K.
name: Beechler, Bree R.
name: Charleston, Bryan
name: Koehler, Anson V.
name: Sisson, Danielle
name: Gasser, Robin B.
name: Jabbar, Abdul
name: Jolles, Anna E.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Health Care
subject: Diseases
subject: 111706 Epidemiology
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: PERMANOVA analysis to evaluate how age influences variation in parasite community composition.
Directed Branched Polymer near an Attractive Line
Creators: name: Sumedha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the adsorption-desorption phase transition of directed branched polymer in $d+1$ dimensions in contact with a line by mapping it to a $d$ dimensional hard core lattice gas at negative activity. We solve the model exactly in 1+1 dimensions, and calculate the crossover exponent related to fraction of monomers adsorbed at the critical point of surface transition, and we also determine the density profile of the polymer in different phases. We also obtain the value of crossover exponent in 2+1 dimensions and give the scaling function of the sticking fraction for 1+1 and 2+1 dimensional directed branched polymer.
description: 19 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in J. Phys. A:Math. Gen
Structural and Electronic Properties of Defective AlN/GaN Hybrid Nanostrutures
Creators: name: Santos, Ramiro Marcelo dos
name: de Aguiar, Acrisio Lins
name: Martins, Jonathan da Rocha
name: Santos, Renato Batista dos
name: Galvão, Douglas Soares
name: Junior, Luiz Antonio Ribeiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: J.2
subject: 82-08

description: Due to the wide range of possible applications, atomically thin two-dimensional heterostructures have attracted much attention. In this work, using first-principles calculations, we investigated the structural and electronic properties of planar AlN/GaN hybrid heterojunctions with the presence of vacancies at their interfaces. Our results reveal that a single vacant site, produced by the removal of Aluminum or Gallium atom, produces similar electronic band structures with localized states within the bandgap. We have also observed a robust magnetic behavior. A nitrogen-vacancy, on the other hand, induces the formation of midgap states with reduced overall magnetization. We have also investigated nanotubes formed by rolling up these heterojunctions. We observed that tube curvature does not substantially affect the electronic and magnetic properties of their parent AlN/GaN heterojunctions. For armchair-like tubes, a transition from direct to indirect bandgap was observed as a consequence of changing the system geometry from 2D towards a quasi-one-dimensional one. The magnetic features presented by the AlN/GaN defective lattices make them good candidates for developing new spintronic technologies.
description: 18 pages, 8 Manuscript Figures, and 8 Support Info. Figures
Gomphoneis reichardtii Kociolek & Kulikovskiy & Solak 2013
Creators: name: Kociolek, John P.
name: Kulikovskiy, Maxim S.
name: Solak, Cüneyt N.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Chromista
Ochrophyta
Bacillariophyceae
Cymbellales
Gomphonemataceae
Gomphoneis
Gomphoneis reichardtii

description: Gomphoneis cf. reichardtii (Figs 261–282, 420–421)
Valves linear-elliptical clavate, tumid at center, with headpole barely protracted and rounded, footpole narrowly rounded. Length 7–24 µm, breadth 3–5 µm. Axial area narrow, expanded laterally to form a rectangular to bow-tie shaped central area that is usually asymmetrical, with one side of the central area being slightly larger than the other, bordered by 1–2 shortened striae that are more coarsely arranged than the other striae. 4 stigmoids occur around central area, positioned at ends of striae. Raphe is broadly lateral, undulate, with external proximal raphe ends rounded. External distal raphe ends extend straight onto the valve mantle at both apices. Costate striae radiate, except at headpole where they become nearly parallel. Striae 13–17/ 10 µm. Apical pore field small. Septa and pseudosepta at the poles, indistinct.
This species has a valve interior with a small central nodule and relatively large helictoglossae (Fig. 420). Stigmoidal opening are simple and round. The proximal raphe ends are deflected in the same direction. Pseudosepta are present at the apices (Fig. 420). The exterior of the valve has indistinct stigmoids, small, round, slightly dilated proximal raphe ends (Fig. 421). The apical pore field is located on the mantle (Fig. 421).
description: Published as part of Kociolek, John P., Kulikovskiy, Maxim S. & Solak, Cüneyt N., 2013, The diatom genus Gomphoneis Cleve (Bacillariophyceae) from Lake Baikal, Russia, pp. 1-37 in Phytotaxa 154 (1) on page 17, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.154.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5100778
Gomphoneis baicaliana Kociolek & Kulikovskiy & Solak 2013, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Kociolek, John P.
name: Kulikovskiy, Maxim S.
name: Solak, Cüneyt N.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Chromista
Ochrophyta
Bacillariophyceae
Cymbellales
Gomphonemataceae
Gomphoneis
Gomphoneis baicaliana

description: Gomphoneis baicaliana Kociolek & Kulikovskiy, sp. nov. (Figs 283–286)
Valves broadly lanceolate-clavate, with both apices broadly rounded. Length 35–60 µm, breadth 9–11 µm. Axial area narrow, expanded into irregularly-expanded central area, with 4–5 shortened striae bordering the central area on either side. Stigmoids wanting. Raphe lateral, with dilated external proximal ends. External distal raphe ends deflect onto mantle, curving well before valve terminus. Costate striae radiate near the center of the valve, becoming parallel to slightly convergent towards the ends. Striae 14–17/ 10 µm. Apical pore fields distinct at the footpole. Septa and pseudosepta present, distinct at the footpole.
 Type:— RUSSIA: Lake Baikal, Cape Khoboj, stones and algae, 1998, Darwin Initiative sample (COLO slide for Station 9, number 9, holotype designated here (= Fig. 285); IBIW slide no. Station 9, number 9m, isotype).
 Observations:— Distinguished by the larger, proportionately broader valves, and the more broadly rounded apices.
description: Published as part of Kociolek, John P., Kulikovskiy, Maxim S. & Solak, Cüneyt N., 2013, The diatom genus Gomphoneis Cleve (Bacillariophyceae) from Lake Baikal, Russia, pp. 1-37 in Phytotaxa 154 (1) on page 18, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.154.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5100778
Critical points and quenched disorder: From Harris criterion to rare regions and smearing
Creators: name: Vojta, Thomas
name: Sknepnek, Rastko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the influence of quenched spatial disorder on phase transitions in classical and quantum systems. We show that rare strong disorder fluctuations can have dramatic effects on critical points. In classical systems with sufficiently correlated disorder or in quantum systems with overdamped dynamics they can completely destroy the sharp phase transition by smearing. This is caused by effects similar to but stronger than Griffiths phenomena: True static order can develop on a rare region while the bulk system is still in the disordered phase. We discuss the thermodynamic behavior in the vicinity of such a smeared transition using optimal fluctuation theory, and we present numerical results for a two-dimensional model system.
description: 10 pages, 5 eps figures, contribution to the Festschrift for Michael Schreiber's 50th birthday, final version as published
MOESM1 of Mechanisms of gene rearrangement in 13 bothids based on comparison with a newly completed mitogenome of the threespot flounder, Grammatobothus polyophthalmus (Pleuronectiformes: Bothidae)
Creators: name: Luo, Hairong
name: Kong, Xiaoyu
name: Chen, Shixi
name: Shi, Wei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Organization of the G. polyophthalmus mitogenome. (DOCX 20 kb)
Riesz transforms of a general Ornstein--Uhlenbeck semigroup
Creators: name: Casarino, Valentina
name: Ciatti, Paolo
name: Sjögren, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 42B20, 47D03

description: We consider Riesz transforms of any order associated to an Ornstein--Uhlenbeck operator $\mathcal L$, with covariance $Q$ given by a real, symmetric and positive definite matrix, and with drift $B$ given by a real matrix whose eigenvalues have negative real parts. In this general Gaussian context, we prove that a Riesz transform is of weak type $(1,1)$ with respect to the invariant measure if and only if its order is at most $2$.
description: 29 pages. Second draft includes a new section (section 3), dealing with the definition of the negative powers of $-\mathcal L$
Gomphoneis fourtanierae Kociolek & Kulikovskiy & Solak 2013, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Kociolek, John P.
name: Kulikovskiy, Maxim S.
name: Solak, Cüneyt N.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Chromista
Ochrophyta
Bacillariophyceae
Cymbellales
Gomphonemataceae
Gomphoneis
Gomphoneis fourtanierae

description: Gomphoneis fourtanierae Kociolek & Kulikovskiy, sp. nov. (Figs 287–306 402–404)
Valves clavate with headople protracted and rostrate, footpole rounded. Length 19–55 µm, breadth 5–11 µm. Axial area very narrow, straight, broadening to form a rectangular to bow-tie shaped central area, bordered on each side by 1–2 shortened striae which area more coarsely arranged than other striae. Stigmoids in the central area wanting. Raphe barely lateral, straight, with external proximal raphe ends dilated slightly. Striae costate, radiate near the central area, becoming parallel to slightly convergent towards both poles. Striae 15–18/ 10 µm. Apical pore fields not visible on the valve face. Small septa and pseudosepta present at the poles.
In the SEM, this species is shown to have small pseudosepta at the apices (Figs 402–404), with the pore field having thin ribs (Fig. 404). Proximal raphe ends are recurved in the same direction, being located on irregularly-shaped central nodule. Helictoglossae are also present near the poles (Figs 402–404).
 Type:— RUSSIA: Lake Baikal, Cape Khoboj, stones and algae, 1998, Darwin Initiative sample (COLO, slide for Station 9, number 9, holotype designated here (= Fig. 288); IBIW slide no. Station 9, number 9m, isotype).
 Etymology:— Named in honor our friend and colleague, of Dr. Elisabeth Fourtanier, in honor of her outstanding contributions to diatom research.
 Observations:— This species is proportionally more stout, and the apices less protracted, as compared to G. capitata.
description: Published as part of Kociolek, John P., Kulikovskiy, Maxim S. & Solak, Cüneyt N., 2013, The diatom genus Gomphoneis Cleve (Bacillariophyceae) from Lake Baikal, Russia, pp. 1-37 in Phytotaxa 154 (1) on page 18, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.154.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5100778
The Solar $Hep$ Process
Creators: name: Kubodera, Kuniharu
name: Park, Tae-Sun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The $Hep$ process is a weak-interaction reaction, $He3 + p \to He4 + e^+ + ν_e$, which occurs in the sun. There is renewed interest in $Hep$ owing to current experimental efforts to extract from the observed solar neutrino spectrum information on non-standard physics in the neutrino sector. $Hep$ produces highest-energy solar neutrinos, although their flux is quite modest. This implies that the $Hep$ neutrios can at some level influence the solar neutrino spectrum near its upper end. Therefore, a precise interpretation of the observed solar neutrino spectrum requires an accurate estimate of the $Hep$ rate. This is an interesting but challenging task. We describe the difficulties involved and how the recent theoretical developments in nuclear physics have enabled us to largely overcome these difficulties. A historical survey of $Hep$ calculations is followed by an overview of the latest developments. We compare the results obtained in the conventional nuclear physics approach and those obtained in a newly developed effective field theory approach. We also discuss the current status of the experiments relevant to $Hep$.
description: Published in Ann. Rev. Nuc. Part. Sci. vol. 54, 19 (2004). AR209 macros are included
Superodontella pseudolamellifera
Creators: name: Thibaud, Jean-Marc
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Collembola
Poduromorpha
Odontellidae
Superodontella
Superodontella pseudolamellifera

description: Superodontella pseudolamellifera (Stach, 1949)
Odontella pseudolamellifera Stach, 1949: 441.
Odontella (Superodontella) pseudolamellifera – Deharveng 1981: 10.
Superodontella pseudolamellifera – Bedos & Deharveng 1990: 17.
DISTRIBUTION. — Corse. Poinsot 1970.
description: Published as part of Thibaud, Jean-Marc, 2017, Catalogue des collemboles de France, pp. 297-436 in Zoosystema 39 (3) on page 333, DOI: 10.5252/z2017n3a1, http://zenodo.org/record/5496272
4691: Accountant, soldier, cartoonist, naturalist
Creators: name: Project Team, Lest We Forget
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 430304
subject: British history
classificationCode: 430308
subject: European history (excl. British, classical Greek and Roman)
classificationCode: 430316
subject: International history

description: Please see attached document for the full story of Henry James Wain.
Temperature fluctuations and Tsallis statistics in Relativistic Heavy Ion collisions
Creators: name: Saha, Abhisek
name: Sanyal, Soma
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study temperature fluctuations in the initial stages of the relativistic heavy ion collision using a multiphase transport model. We consider the plasma in the initial stages after collision before it has a chance to equilibrate. We have considered Au + Au collision with a center of mass energy of 200 GeV. We use the non extensive Tsallis statistics to find the entropic index in the partonic stages of the relativistic heavy ion collisions. We find that the temperature and the entropic index have a linear relationship during the partonic stages of the heavy ion collision. This has already been observed in the hadronic phase. A detailed analysis of the dependence of the entropic index on the system shows that for increasing space time rapidity, the entropic index of the partonic system increases. The entropic index also depends on the beam collision energy. The calculation of the entropic index from the experimental data fitting of the transverse momenta deals with the hadronic phase. However, our current study shows that the behaviour of the entropic index in the initial non-equilibrium stage of the collision is very similar to the behaviour of the entropic index in the hadronic stage.
description: 19 pages 7 figures Revised version with improved figures and details of temperature calculation. Accepted for publication in MPLA
Photonic Crystal Laser Accelerator Structures
Creators: name: Cowan, Benjamin
name: Javanmard, Mehdi
name: Siemann, Robert H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Photonic crystals have great potential for use as laser-driven accelerator structures. A photonic crystal is a dielectric structure arranged in a periodic geometry. Like a crystalline solid with its electronic band structure, the modes of a photonic crystal lie in a set of allowed photonic bands. Similarly, it is possible for a photonic crystal to exhibit one or more photonic band gaps, with frequencies in the gap unable to propagate in the crystal. Thus photonic crystals can confine an optical mode in an all-dielectric structure, eliminating the need for metals and their characteristic losses at optical frequencies. We discuss several geometries of photonic crystal accelerator structures. Photonic crystal fibers (PCFs) are optical fibers which can confine a speed-of-light optical mode in vacuum. Planar structures, both two- and three-dimensional, can also confine such a mode, and have the additional advantage that they can be manufactured using common microfabrication techniques such as those used for integrated circuits. This allows for a variety of possible materials, so that dielectrics with desirable optical and radiation-hardness properties can be chosen. We discuss examples of simulated photonic crystal structures to demonstrate the scaling laws and trade-offs involved, and touch on potential fabrication processes.
description: 3 pages, 3 figures; Submitted to Particale Accelerator Conference (PAC 2003), May 12-16, 2003, Portland, Oregon (IEEE)
Superodontella scabra
Creators: name: Thibaud, Jean-Marc
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Collembola
Poduromorpha
Odontellidae
Superodontella
Superodontella scabra

description: Superodontella scabra (Stach, 1946)
Odontella scabra Stach, 1946: 25.
Odontella (Superodontella) scabra – Deharveng 1981: 10.
Superodontella scabra – Bedos & Deharveng 1990: 17.
DISTRIBUTION. — Hautes-Pyrénées. Massif du Campbiehl (Cassagnau 1961).
Tarn, Aude. Montagne Noire (Cassagnau 1965).
Tarn. Sidobre (Izarra 1969).
ÉCOLOGIE. — Cassagnau 1965 (écologie, sol).
description: Published as part of Thibaud, Jean-Marc, 2017, Catalogue des collemboles de France, pp. 297-436 in Zoosystema 39 (3) on page 333, DOI: 10.5252/z2017n3a1, http://zenodo.org/record/5496272
Two-Path Phonon-Interference Resonance Induces a Stop Band in Silicon Crystal Matrix by Embedded Nanoparticles Array
Creators: name: Hu, Shiqian
name: Feng, Lei
name: Cheng, Shao
name: Kosevich, Yuriy A.
name: Shiomi, Junichiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we report a new stop-band formation mechanism by performing the atomistic Green's function calculation and the wave-packet molecular dynamics simulation for a system with germanium-nanoparticle array embedded in a crystalline silicon matrix. When only a single nanoparticle is embedded, the local resonance, induced through destructive interference between two different phonon wave paths, gives rise to several sharp and significant transmittance dips. On the other hand, when the number of embedded nanoparticles further increases to ten, a stop band with complete phonon reflection is formed due to the two-path resonance Bragg-like phonon interference. The wave packet simulations further uncover that the stop band originates from the collective phonon resonances at the embedded nanoparticles. Compared with the traditional stop-band formation mechanism that is the single-path Bragg reflection, the resonance mechanism has a significant advantage in not requiring the strict periodicity in the embedded nanoparticles array. We also demonstrate that the stop band can significantly suppress thermal conductance in the low-frequency regime. Our work provides a robust, scalable. and easily modulable stop-band formation mechanism. which opens a new degree of freedom for phononics-related heat control.
Electronic supplementary Figure 1. Map of the buffalo enclosure located near Satara Camp, Kruger National Park, South Africa from Age of first infection across a range of parasite taxa in a wild mammalian population
Creators: name: Combrink, Leigh
name: Glidden, Caroline K.
name: Beechler, Bree R.
name: Charleston, Bryan
name: Koehler, Anson V.
name: Sisson, Danielle
name: Gasser, Robin B.
name: Jabbar, Abdul
name: Jolles, Anna E.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Health Care
subject: Diseases
subject: 111706 Epidemiology
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Newborn mammals have an immature immune system that cannot sufficiently protect them against infectious diseases. However, variation in the effectiveness of maternal immunity against different parasites may couple with temporal trends in parasite exposure to influence disparities in the timing of infection risk. Determining the relationship between age and infection risk is critical in identifying the portion of a host population that contributes to parasite dynamics, as well as the parasites that regulate host recruitment. However, there are no data directly identifying timing of first infection among parasites in wildlife. Here, we took advantage of a longitudinal dataset, tracking infection status by viruses, bacteria, protists and gastro-intestinal worms in a herd of African buffalo (Syncerus caffer) to ask: how does age of first infection differ among parasite taxa? We found distinct differences in the age of first infection among parasites that aligned with the mode of transmission and parasite taxonomy. Specifically, we found that tick-borne and environmentally transmitted protists were acquired earlier than directly transmitted bacteria and viruses. These results emphasize the importance of understanding infection risk in juveniles, especially in host species where juveniles are purported to sustain parasite persistence and/or where mortality rates of juveniles influence population dynamics.
Gomphoneis potapovae Kociolek & Kulikovskiy & Solak 2013, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Kociolek, John P.
name: Kulikovskiy, Maxim S.
name: Solak, Cüneyt N.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Chromista
Ochrophyta
Bacillariophyceae
Cymbellales
Gomphonemataceae
Gomphoneis
Gomphoneis potapovae

description: Gomphoneis potapovae Kociolek & Kulikovskiy, sp. nov. (Figs 305–315, 417–419)
Valves lanceolate-clavate with apices rounded. Length 13–28 µm, breadth 4.0–6.0 µm. Axial area narrow, expanded to form a small X-shaped central area, bordered by 2–3 shortened striae on either side near the margin. Stigmoids wanting. Raphe weakly lateral, with external proximal raphe ends dilated, distal raphe ends deflected onto valve mantle. Costate striae radiate, except parallel towards the headpole. Striae 16–20/ 10 µm. Apical pore fields barely visible. Septa and pseudosepta present at poles.
In the SEM the central area appears to bear isolated areolae externally (Figs 417, 418), but those are not visible internally (Fig. 419). The external proximal raphe ends are dilated slightly, and the apical pore fields are positioned almost entirely on the valve mantle (Fig. 417, 418). Internally there are prominent septa, and the recurved proximal raphe ends are evident (Fig. 419).
 Type:— RUSSIA: Lake Baikal, Middle Island, Ohlon Gate, 1998, Darwin Initiative sample (COLO slide for Station 8, collection 8.0, holotype designated here (= Fig. 307); IBIW slide no. Station 8, collection 8.0m, isotype).
 Etymology:— Named in honor of our friend and colleague, Dr. Marina Potapova (Philadelphia), for her many contributions to the study of diatoms.
 Observations:— Differs from G. strelnikovae by the larger valves and rounded not protracted headpole.
description: Published as part of Kociolek, John P., Kulikovskiy, Maxim S. & Solak, Cüneyt N., 2013, The diatom genus Gomphoneis Cleve (Bacillariophyceae) from Lake Baikal, Russia, pp. 1-37 in Phytotaxa 154 (1) on page 18, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.154.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5100778
HST/STIS capability for Love number measurement of WASP-121b
Creators: name: Hellard, Hugo
name: Csizmadia, Szilárd
name: Padovan, Sebastiano
name: Sohl, Frank
name: Rauer, Heike
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Data from transit light curves, radial velocity and transit timing observations can be used to probe the interiors of exoplanets beyond the mean density, by measuring the Love numbers $h_2$ and $k_2$. The first indirect estimate of $k_2$ for an exoplanet from radial velocity and transit timing variations observations has been performed by taking advantage of the years-spanning baseline. Not a single measurement of $h_2$ has been achieved from transit light curves, mostly because the photometric precision of current observing facilities is still too low. We show that the Imaging Spectrograph instrument on-board the Hubble Space Telescope could measure $h_2$ of the hot Jupiter WASP-121b if only few more observations were gathered. We show that a careful treatment of the noise and stellar limb darkening must be carried out to achieve a measurement of $h_2$. In particular, we find that the impact of the noise modelling on the estimation of $h_2$ is stronger than the impact of the limb darkening modelling. In addition, we emphasize that the wavelet method for correlated noise analysis can mask limb brightening. Finally, using presently available data, we briefly discuss the tentative measurement of $h_2 = 1.39^{+0.71}_{-0.81}$ in terms of interior structure. Additional observations would further constrain the interior of WASP-121b and possibly provide insights on the physics of inflation. The possibility of using the approach presented here with the Hubble Space Telescope provides a bridge before the high-quality data to be returned by the James Webb Space Telescope and PLATO telescope in the coming decade.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ
How to find a unicorn: a novel model-free, unsupervised anomaly detection method for time series
Creators: name: Benkő, Zsigmond
name: Bábel, Tamás
name: Somogyvári, Zoltán
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recognition of anomalous events is a challenging but critical task in many scientific and industrial fields, especially when the properties of anomalies are unknown. In this paper, we introduce a new anomaly concept called "unicorn" or unique event and present a new, model-free, unsupervised detection algorithm to detect unicorns. The key component of the new algorithm is the Temporal Outlier Factor (TOF) to measure the uniqueness of events in continuous data sets from dynamic systems. The concept of unique events differs significantly from traditional outliers in many aspects: while repetitive outliers are no longer unique events, a unique event is not necessarily an outlier; it does not necessarily fall out from the distribution of normal activity. The performance of our algorithm was examined in recognizing unique events on different types of simulated data sets with anomalies and it was compared with the Local Outlier Factor (LOF) and discord discovery algorithms. TOF had superior performance compared to LOF and discord algorithms even in recognizing traditional outliers and it also recognized unique events that those did not. The benefits of the unicorn concept and the new detection method were illustrated by example data sets from very different scientific fields. Our algorithm successfully recognized unique events in those cases where they were already known such as the gravitational waves of a binary black hole merger on LIGO detector data and the signs of respiratory failure on ECG data series. Furthermore, unique events were found on the LIBOR data set of the last 30 years.
External Operators and Anomalous Dimensions in Soft-Collinear Effective Theory
Creators: name: Becher, Thomas
name: Hill, Richard J.
name: Lange, Bjoern O.
name: Neubert, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has recently been argued that soft-collinear effective theory for processes involving both soft and collinear partons contains a new soft-collinear mode, which can communicate between the soft and collinear sectors of the theory. The formalism incorporating the corresponding fields into the effective Lagrangian is extended to include external current and four-quark operators relevant to weak interactions. An explicit calculation of the anomalous dimensions of these operators reveals that soft-collinear modes are needed for correctly describing the ultraviolet behavior of the effective theory.
description: 15 pages, 2 figures