cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Ultrafast imaging of terahertz electric waveforms using quantum dots
Creators: name: Heindl, Moritz
name: Kirkwood, Nicholas
name: Lauster, Tobias
name: Lang, Julia
name: Retsch, Markus
name: Mulvaney, Paul
name: Herink, Georg
Publisher: name: University of Bayreuth
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nanophotonics and plasmonics
subject: Quantum dots
subject: 530

description: Microscopic electric fields govern the majority of elementary excitations in condensed matter and drive electronics at frequencies approaching the Terahertz (THz) regime. However, only few imaging schemes are able to resolve subwavelength fields in the THz range, such as scanning-probe techniques, electro-optic sampling, and ultrafast electron microscopy. Still, intrinsic constraints on sample geometry, acquisition speed and field strength limit their applicability. Here, we harness the quantum-confined Stark-effect to encode ultrafast electric near-fields into colloidal quantum dot luminescence. Our approach, termed Quantum-probe Field Microscopy (QFIM), combines far-field imaging of visible photons with phase-resolved sampling of electric waveforms. By capturing ultrafast movies, we spatio-temporally resolve a Terahertz resonance inside a bowtie antenna and unveil the propagation of a Terahertz waveguide excitation deeply in the sub-wavelength regime. The demonstrated QFIM approach is compatible with strong-field excitation and sub-micrometer resolution—introducing a direct route towards ultrafast field imaging of complex nanodevices inoperando.
Additional file 1 of Hypersensitive C-reactive protein-albumin ratio predicts symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage after endovascular therapy in acute ischemic stroke patients
Creators: name: Peng, Qiang
name: Hou, Jiankang
name: Wang, Siyu
name: Zhou, Feng
name: E, Yan
name: Wang, Wei
name: Huang, Ting
name: Wang, Meng
name: Huang, Shi
name: Zhou, Junshan
name: Chen, Nihong
name: Zhang, Yingdong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1.  The comparison of ROC curves for sICH after endovascular therapy.
A Note on Fault Diagnosis Algorithms
Creators: name: Cassez, Franck
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Formal Languages and Automata Theory (cs.FL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper we review algorithms for checking diagnosability of discrete-event systems and timed automata. We point out that the diagnosability problems in both cases reduce to the emptiness problem for (timed) Büchi automata. Moreover, it is known that, checking whether a discrete-event system is diagnosable, can also be reduced to checking bounded diagnosability. We establish a similar result for timed automata. We also provide a synthesis of the complexity results for the different fault diagnosis problems.
description: Note: This paper is an extended version of the paper published in the proceedings of CDC'09, 48th IEEE Conference on Decision and Control and 28th Chinese Control Conference, Shanghai, P.R. China, December 2009.
Suppress Me if You Can: Neurofeedback of the Readiness Potential
Creators: name: Schultze-Kraft, Matthias
name: Jonany, Vincent
name: Binns, Thomas Samuel
name: Soch, Joram
name: Blankertz, Benjamin
name: Haynes, John-Dylan
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: conscious control
subject: EEG
subject: neurofeedback
subject: readiness potential
subject: voluntary movement
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Voluntary movements are usually preceded by a slow, negative-going brain signal over motor areas, the so-called readiness potential (RP). To date, the exact nature and causal role of the RP in movement preparation have remained heavily debated. Although the RP is influenced by several motorical and cognitive factors, it has remained unclear whether people can learn to exert mental control over their RP, for example, by deliberately suppressing it. If people were able to initiate spontaneous movements without eliciting an RP, this would challenge the idea that the RP is a necessary stage of the causal chain leading up to a voluntary movement. We tested the ability of participants to control the magnitude of their RP in a neurofeedback experiment. Participants performed self-initiated movements, and after every movement, they were provided with immediate feedback about the magnitude of their RP. They were asked to find a strategy to perform voluntary movements such that the RPs were as small as possible. We found no evidence that participants were able to to willfully modulate or suppress their RPs while still eliciting voluntary movements. This suggests that the RP might be an involuntary component of voluntary action over which people cannot exert conscious control.
A Human-Centric Approach to Group-Based Context-Awareness
Creators: name: Ghadiri, Nasser
name: Baraani-Dastjerdi, Ahmad
name: Ghasem-Aghaee, Nasser
name: Nematbakhsh, Mohammad A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The emerging need for qualitative approaches in context-aware information processing calls for proper modeling of context information and efficient handling of its inherent uncertainty resulted from human interpretation and usage. Many of the current approaches to context-awareness either lack a solid theoretical basis for modeling or ignore important requirements such as modularity, high-order uncertainty management and group-based context-awareness. Therefore, their real-world application and extendability remains limited. In this paper, we present f-Context as a service-based context-awareness framework, based on language-action perspective (LAP) theory for modeling. Then we identify some of the complex, informational parts of context which contain high-order uncertainties due to differences between members of the group in defining them. An agent-based perceptual computer architecture is proposed for implementing f-Context that uses computing with words (CWW) for handling uncertainty. The feasibility of f-Context is analyzed using a realistic scenario involving a group of mobile users. We believe that the proposed approach can open the door to future research on context-awareness by offering a theoretical foundation based on human communication, and a service-based layered architecture which exploits CWW for context-aware, group-based and platform-independent access to information systems.
Development of a single vacuum ultra-violet photon-sensing solution for nEXO
Creators: name: Gallina, Giacomo
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2021

description: Silicon PhotoMultiplier (SiPM) technology represents an unprecedented attempt to create an ideal solid-state photon detector, combining the low-light detection capabilities of the previous device generations with all the benefits of a solid-state sensor. For this reason, large-scale low-background cryogenic experiments, such as the next-generation Enriched Xenon Observatory experiment (nEXO), are migrating to a SiPM-based light detection system. nEXO aims to probe the boundaries of the standard model of particle physics by searching for neutrino-less double beta decay of ¹³⁶Xe. The nEXO experiment follows the same detection concept as the EXO-200 experiment, but uses 5 tonnes of liquid xenon inside a vacuum cryostat that is expected to be located at SNOLAB, the Canadian underground science laboratory. Decays in the xenon produce both light and ionization and it is important to measure both to achieve sufficient energy resolution and thus background rejection. In particular, electrons from the ionization drift in an applied electric field toward anode pads where they are measured. The light flash is simultaneously detected by an array of SiPMs. The technical goal of the proposed thesis is to study different SiPMs characteristics in order to choose the best SiPM technology for the nEXO experiment. This thesis will also introduce new mathematical models to better understand Geiger mode properties of SiPMs in order to optimize them for the next generations of double beta decay and dark matter experiments.
Relativistic magnetohydrodynamics in dynamical spacetimes: A new AMR implementation
Creators: name: Etienne, Zachariah B.
name: Liu, Yuk Tung
name: Shapiro, Stuart L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have written and tested a new general relativistic magnetohydrodynamics (GRMHD) code, capable of evolving MHD fluids in dynamical spacetimes with adaptive-mesh refinement (AMR). Our code solves the Einstein-Maxwell-MHD system of coupled equations in full 3+1 dimensions, evolving the metric via the Baumgarte-Shapiro Shibata-Nakamura (BSSN) formalism and the MHD and magnetic induction equations via a conservative, high-resolution shock-capturing scheme. The induction equations are recast as an evolution equation for the magnetic vector potential, which exists on a grid that is staggered with respect to the hydrodynamic and metric variables. The divergenceless constraint div(B)=0 is enforced by the curl of the vector potential. Our MHD scheme is fully compatible with AMR, so that fluids at AMR refinement boundaries maintain div(B)=0. In simulations with uniform grid spacing, our MHD scheme is numerically equivalent to a commonly used, staggered-mesh constrained-transport scheme. We present code validation test results, both in Minkowski and curved spacetimes. They include magnetized shocks, nonlinear Alfvén waves, cylindrical explosions, cylindrical rotating disks, magnetized Bondi tests, and the collapse of a magnetized rotating star. Some of the more stringent tests involve black holes. We find good agreement between analytic and numerical solutions in these tests, and achieve convergence at the expected order.
description: 23 pages, 27 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. D
title: ÐÑÑÐ»ÐµÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ Ð¼ÐµÑÐ¾Ð¿ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¿Ð¾ Ð¿Ð¾Ð²ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð³ÑÐ¾Ð·Ð¾Ð·Ð°ÑÐ¸ÑÑ Ð»Ð¸Ð½Ð¸Ð¸ 220 ÐºÐ² Ð¾Ñ 2-Ñ ÑÐµÐ¿Ð½ÑÑ Ð¾ÑÐºÐ»ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ð¹
title: Ð²ÑÐ¿ÑÑÐºÐ½Ð°Ñ ÐºÐ²Ð°Ð»Ð¸ÑÐ¸ÐºÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ° Ð±Ð°ÐºÐ°Ð»Ð°Ð²ÑÐ°
titleType: Subtitle
title: Investigation of measures to improve lightning protection of 220 kv lines from 2 from double-circuit outages
Creators: name: ÐÐ°Ð½ÑÐµÐ½ÐºÐ¾, ÐÐ»ÐµÐºÑÐ°Ð½Ð´Ñ
Publisher: name: Ð¡Ð°Ð½ÐºÑ-ÐÐµÑÐµÑÐ±ÑÑÐ³ÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ ÑÐ½Ð¸Ð²ÐµÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑ ÐÐµÑÑÐ° ÐÐµÐ»Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾
Year: 2022
Subjects: Ð¼Ð¾Ð»Ð½Ð¸ÐµÐ·Ð°ÑÐ¸ÑÐ°
Ð²Ð¾Ð·Ð´ÑÑÐ½Ð°Ñ Ð»Ð¸Ð½Ð¸Ñ ÑÐ»ÐµÐºÑÑÐ¾Ð¿ÐµÑÐµÐ´Ð°ÑÐ¸
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Ð»Ð¸Ð½ÐµÐ¹Ð½ÑÐ¹ ÑÐ°Ð·ÑÑÐ´Ð½Ð¸Ðº
Ð²Ð°ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐ¾Ñ
Ð»Ð¸Ð½ÐµÐ¹Ð½Ð°Ñ Ð¸Ð·Ð¾Ð»ÑÑÐ¸Ñ
Ð²Ð½ÐµÑÐ½Ð¸Ð¹ Ð¸ÑÐºÑÐ¾Ð²Ð¾Ð¹ Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð¼ÐµÐ¶ÑÑÐ¾Ðº
lightning protection
overhead power transmission line
surge arrester
transmission line arrester
varistor
line insulation
external spark gap

description: Ð Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐµ Ð¸ÑÑÐ»ÐµÐ´ÑÑÑÑÑ Ð¼ÐµÑÐ¾Ð¿ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐ¸Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ Ð¿Ð¾Ð²ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð³ÑÐ¾Ð·Ð¾Ð·Ð°ÑÐ¸ÑÑ Ð»Ð¸Ð½Ð¸Ð¸ 220 ÐºÐ Ð¾Ñ Ð´Ð²ÑÑÑÐµÐ¿Ð½ÑÑ Ð¾ÑÐºÐ»ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ð¹. Ð Ð°ÑÑÐ¼Ð¾ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´Ð»ÐµÐ¶Ð°Ñ ÑÐ°ÐºÐ¸Ðµ ÑÐ»ÐµÐ´ÑÑÑÐ¸Ðµ Ð·Ð°ÑÐ¸ÑÐ½ÑÐµ Ð¼ÐµÑÑ: ÑÐ²ÐµÐ»Ð¸ÑÐµÐ½Ð½Ð°Ñ Ð³Ð¸ÑÐ»ÑÐ½Ð´Ð° Ð¸Ð·Ð¾Ð»ÑÑÐ¾ÑÐ¾Ð², ÐÐÐ Ñ Ð²Ð½ÐµÑÐ½Ð¸Ð¼ Ð¸ÑÐºÑÐ¾Ð²ÑÐ¼ Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð¼ÐµÐ¶ÑÑÐºÐ¾Ð¼. ÐÐ±Ð¾Ð·Ð½Ð°ÑÐµÐ½Ñ Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð²Ð½ÑÐµ Ð¿Ð°ÑÐ°Ð¼ÐµÑÑÑ Ð¼Ð¾Ð»Ð½Ð¸Ð¸, Ð¿Ð¾ÑÐ»ÐµÐ´ÑÑÐ²Ð¸Ð¹ ÑÐ´Ð°ÑÐ° Ð¼Ð¾Ð»Ð½Ð¸Ð¸ Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑÐ¾ÐºÐ¾Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð¾Ð´ÑÑÐ¸Ñ ÑÑÐ°ÑÑÐºÐ¾Ð² Ð¸ ÑÑÐµÐ´ÑÑÐ² Ð¿ÑÐµÐ´Ð¾ÑÐ²ÑÐ°ÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð³ÑÐ¾Ð·Ð¾Ð²ÑÑ Ð¿ÐµÑÐµÐ½Ð°Ð¿ÑÑÐ¶ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ð¹. Ð ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¿Ð»ÐµÐºÑÐµ EMTPWorks ÑÐ¼Ð¾Ð´ÐµÐ»Ð¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð° ÐÐ Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑÐ°ÑÑÐµÑÐ¾Ð² Ð³ÑÐ¾Ð·Ð¾Ð²ÑÑ Ð¿ÐµÑÐµÐ½Ð°Ð¿ÑÑÐ¶ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ð¹.
description: In this paper, we study measures to improve the lightning protection of the 220 kV line from double-circuit outages. The following protective measures are to be considered: extended string of insulators, surge arresters with an external spark gap. The main parameters of lightning, the consequences of a lightning strike for conductive sections and means of preventing lightning surges are indicated. In the EMTPWorks complex, an overhead line was modeled for calculating lightning overvoltages.
Sensitivity, robustness and identifiability in stochastic chemical kinetics models
Creators: name: Komorowski, Michal
name: Costa, Maria J.
name: Rand, David A.
name: Stumpf, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We present a novel and simple method to numerically calculate Fisher Information Matrices for stochastic chemical kinetics models. The linear noise approximation is used to derive model equations and a likelihood function which leads to an efficient computational algorithm. Our approach reduces the problem of calculating the Fisher Information Matrix to solving a set of ordinary differential equations. {This is the first method to compute Fisher Information for stochastic chemical kinetics models without the need for Monte Carlo simulations.} This methodology is then used to study sensitivity, robustness and parameter identifiability in stochastic chemical kinetics models. We show that significant differences exist between stochastic and deterministic models as well as between stochastic models with time-series and time-point measurements. We demonstrate that these discrepancies arise from the variability in molecule numbers, correlations between species, and temporal correlations and show how this approach can be used in the analysis and design of experiments probing stochastic processes at the cellular level. The algorithm has been implemented as a Matlab package and is available from the authors upon request.
Orthogonal and symplectic matrix models: universality and other properties
Creators: name: Shcherbina, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study orthogonal and symplectic matrix models with polynomial potentials and multi interval supports of the equilibrium measure. For these models we find the bounds (similar to the case of hermitian matrix models) for the rate of convergence of linear eigenvalue statistics and for the variance of linear eigenvalue statistics and find the logarithms of partition functions up to the order O(1). We prove also universality of local eigenvalue statistics in the bulk.
description: 26 pages
Adaptive radiotherapy treatment corrections to account for patient-specific systematic soft tissue deformations: prostate, lung, and head and neck cancer
Creators: name: Sonier, Marcus
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2021

description: Soft tissue deformations during radiotherapy impact patient dosimetry and treatment accuracy. Systematic or patient-specific deformations may occur in any body region. This dissertation focuses on clinically–relevant deformations over the course of treatment that have not been extensively addressed: 1) effect of the Transrectal Ultrasound (TRUS) probe deformation on the prostate during brachytherapy, 2) motion induced CT reconstruction error for small targets with a synthetic lung model for patient-specific breathing in lung external beam radiotherapy, and 3) weight loss and tumor debulking during treatment in head & neck radiotherapy with clinical solutions. Influence of the TRUS probe on the prostate results in displacement of implanted radioactive seeds post-implant with a change in target and organ doses. Shifts in seed positions showed that motion of prostate post-implant occurred in 3-dimensions, was non-uniform, and dependent on prostate region, tending in the superior and posterior directions. Comparisons between the in-vivo measured microMOSFET doses with the Variseed calculated doses yielded a mean and standard deviation of -5.0±25.2%. When considering the TRUS probe’s effect on urethral dose, stratifying patients into those with and without periurethral seeds on the pre-plan resulted in mean and standard deviations of 12.8±10.0% and -13.8±12.9%, an increase and decrease in urethral dose respectively (p=0.0006). The geometric accuracy of lung radiotherapy is affected by 4DCT image quality and requires quantification of the effect of AP motion reconstruction artifacts on object shape/volume for various breathing patterns and to provide treatment planning recommendations for target sizes below a minimum threshold. Target reconstruction is most accurately represented on the exhale phase and was found to be the most reliable for target contouring when the range of motion exceeded 3x the tumor diameter. A 3D-printed patient-specific breathing phantom will aid in visualizing errors in small SBRT targets to enable highly accurate treatment. Contour changes in head and neck radiotherapy results in bolus gaps affecting dosimetric coverage of superficial targets. Determining the acceptable gap before replanning a patient's treatment is subjective and patient-specific. Dosimetric VMAT measurements illustrate replanning should be considered at gap widths >6mm to maintain treatment integrity. Alternatively, 3D-printing missing tissue is one solution.
Proposed Guidelines for Geoscience Open Educational Resources (OER)
Creators: name: Teplitzky, Samantha
name: Hardy, Shaun
name: Johnson, Kay
name: Tolliver, Robert
name: Tschirhart, Lori
name: Vardakosta, Ifigenia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Open Educational Resources
Geoscience Education
OER

description: Title: A Review of Open Educational Resources in the Geosciences: Guidelines and Criteria Authors:  Samantha Teplitzky*, Open Science Librarian, Earth Sciences & Map Library, University of California, Berkeley, 50 McCone Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720, steplitz@berkeley.edu, ORCID: 0000-0001-7071-332X Shaun Hardy, Librarian, Earth & Planets Laboratory, Carnegie Institution for Science, Washington, DC 20015, shardy@carnegiescience.edu, ORCID: 0000-0002-7259-3330 Kay Johnson, Head of Collection and Technical Services, Radford University, 801 E. Main St., Radford, VA 24142-6881, kjohnson497@radford.edu, ORCID: 0000-0001-6472-345X Robert Tolliver, Sciences Librarian, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108-6050, robert.tolliver@ndsu.edu, ORCID: 0000-0003-1584-433X Lori Tschirhart, Assistant Director, STEM, University of Michigan Library, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1190, ltz@umich.edu, ORCID: 0000-0001-9322-3171 Ifigenia Vardakosta, Phd. Head Librarian, Harokopio University, Library & Information Centre, Athens, Greece, ifigenia@hua.gr, ORCID: 0000-0001-9465-8476 Keywords:
 Open Educational Resources, OER, Geoscience Education This repository documents the background information to the following report: Teplitzky, S., Hardy, S., Johnson, K., Tolliver, R., Tschirhart, L., & Vardakosta, I. (2021). A Review of Open Educational Resources in the Geosciences: Guidelines and Criteria. https://doi.org/10.31223/X5J90G Report This study examines the creation and adoption of OER in the Geosciences with a goal of providing guidance for institutions, libraries and librarians who support and fund OER initiatives. An environmental scan, employed to identify and characterize available college-level OER in this discipline, provided a baseline for the study. Analysis of the scan along with a review of OER, textbook and field guide standards informs a new set of proposed guidelines for Geoscience OER. This work will describe these guidelines and offer a call for community feedback. Data Appendix 1: Geoscience OER Environmental Scan and Data, 10.5281/zenodo.5542323 Research Products Guidelines Table, 10.5281/zenodo.5542306 This work is a collaboration of members of the GeoScience Information Society (GSIS) which emerged from the Professional Issues Roundtable at the 2020 Annual Meeting (held virtually on October 30, 2020).
Unraveling the Skillsets of Data Scientists: Text Mining Analysis of Dutch University Master Programs in Data Science and Artificial Intelligence
Creators: name: Mol, Mathijs Jonathan
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistics and Probability
subject: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
subject: Other Physical Sciences and Mathematics
subject: CTM
subject: Text analysis
subject: Data Sciene
subject: Text mining
subject: Artificial Intelligence

description: The dataset, code and read.me file for Unraveling the Skillsets of Data Scientists: Text Mining Analysis of Dutch University Master Programs in Data Science and Artificial Intelligence
The Subluminous Supernova 2007qd: A Missing Link in a Family of Low-Luminosity Type Ia Supernovae
Creators: name: McClelland, Colin M.
name: Garnavich, Peter M.
name: Galbany, Lluís
name: Miquel, Ramon
name: Foley, Ryan J.
name: Filippenko, Alexei V.
name: Bassett, Bruce
name: Wheeler, J. Craig
name: Goobar, Ariel
name: Jha, Saurabh W.
name: Sako, Masao
name: Frieman, Joshua A.
name: Sollerman, Jesper
name: Vinko, Jozsef
name: Schneider, Donald P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present multi-band photometry and multi-epoch spectroscopy of the peculiar Type Ia supernova (SN Ia) 2007qd, discovered by the SDSS-II Supernova Survey. It possesses physical properties intermediate to those of the peculiar SN 2002cx and the extremely low-luminosity SN 2008ha. Optical photometry indicates that it had an extraordinarily fast rise time of <= 10 days and a peak absolute B magnitude of -15.4 +/- 0.2 at most, making it one of the most subluminous SN Ia ever observed. Follow-up spectroscopy of SN 2007qd near maximum brightness unambiguously shows the presence of intermediate-mass elements which are likely caused by carbon/oxygen nuclear burning. Near maximum brightness, SN 2007qd had a photospheric velocity of only 2800 km/s, similar to that of SN 2008ha but about 4000 and 7000 km/s less than that of SN 2002cx and normal SN Ia, respectively. We show that the peak luminosities of SN 2002cx-like objects are highly correlated with both their light-curve stretch and photospheric velocities. Its strong apparent connection to other SN 2002cx-like events suggests that SN 2007qd is also a pure deflagration of a white dwarf, although other mechanisms cannot be ruled out. It may be a critical link between SN 2008ha and the other members of the SN 2002cx-like class of objects.
description: To be published in the Astrophysical Journal; 37 pages, 13 figures, 4 tables
Discovery of two Galactic Wolf-Rayet stars in Circinus
Creators: name: Roman-Lopes, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I report the discovery of two new Galactic Wolf-Rayet stars in Circinus via detection of their C, N and He Near-Infrared emission lines, using ESO-NTT-SOFI archival data. The H- and K-band spectra of WR67a and WR67b, indicate that they are Wolf-Rayet stars of WN6h and WC8 sub-types, respectively. WR67a presents a weak-lined spectrum probably reminiscent of young hydrogen rich main-sequence stars such as WR25 in Car OB1 and HD97950 in NGC3603. Indeed, this conclusion is reinforced by the close morphological match of the WR67a H- and K-band spectra with that for WR21a, a known extremely massive binary system. WR67b is probably a non-dusty WC8 Wolf-Rayet star that has a estimated heliocentric distance of 2.7(0.9) kpc, which for its Galactic coordinates, puts the star probably in the near portion of the Scutum-Centaurus arm.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication on MNRAS
title: Investigating inferences in sequences of action
title: the case of claiming "Just-Now" recollection with oh that's right
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Küttner, Uwe-A.
Publisher: name: Universität Potsdam
Year: 2019

description: This paper offers an exploratory Interactional Linguistic account of the role that inferences play in episodes of ordinary conversational interaction. To this end, it systematically reconsiders the conversational practice of using the lexico-syntactic format oh that's right to implicitly claim "just-now" recollection of something previously known, but momentarily confused or forgotten. The analyses reveal that this practice typically occurs as part of a larger sequential pattern that the participants orient to and which serves as a procedure for dealing with, and generating an account for, one participant's production of an inapposite action. As will be shown, the instantiation and progressive realization of this sequential procedure requires local inferential work from the participants. While some facets of this inferential work appear to be shaped by the particular context of the ongoing interaction, others are integral to the workings of the sequence as such. Moreover, the analyses suggest that participants' understanding of oh that's right as embodying an implicit memory claim rests on an inference which is based on a kind of semantic-pragmatic compositionality. The paper thus illustrates how inferences in conversational interaction can be systematically studied and points to the merits of combining an interactional and a linguistic perspective.
description: Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Philosophische Reihe, 161
title: Active Transportation Routes Using Canal Corridors: Decision Tools in Creating Successful Canal Trail Projects
Creators: name: Crump, Matthew Scott
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2021

description: The state of Utah has many canal corridors that offer potential opportunities for establishing public trails.In the past, concerns such as public safety and canal companies’ abilities to perform maintenance have inhibited the construction of canal trails. Recently, local governments and canal companies have worked to overcome these challenges which has led to the establishment of some canal trails. The purpose of this study is to provide valuable insights and tools that can be used in developing future canal trails. In order to accomplish this, the study documents various case studies of completed canal trail projects, interviews stakeholders for future projects, summarizes findings into a guide, and explores decision making tools in prioritizing new projects.
The results of the study provide five unique case studies that can be used as a model for future projects. The study found that land ownership, maintenance, safety, liability, funding, and privacy are the main concerns of stakeholders. These concerns can be overcome by long-term planning, stakeholder collaboration, iterative design, and active public involvement. The study also provides insights on canal trail design, including trail width, trail type, corridor cross-sections, and intersection design. A prioritization tool is created for local governments to assist in deciding which canal trails to pursue first based on the projected transportation benefits.
title: Environmental control on microbial turnover of leaf carbon in streams
title: ecological function of phototrophic-heterotrophic interactions
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Fabian, Jenny
name: Zlatanović, Sanja
name: Mutz, Michael
name: Grossart, Hans-Peter
name: Geldern, Robert van
name: Ulrich, Andreas
name: Gleixner, Gerd
name: Premke, Katrin
Publisher: name: Universität Potsdam
Year: 2019

description: In aquatic ecosystems, light availability can significantly influence microbial turnover of terrestrial organic matter through associated metabolic interactions between phototrophic and heterotrophic communities. However, particularly in streams, microbial functions vary significantly with the structure of the streambed, that is the distribution and spatial arrangement of sediment grains in the streambed. It is therefore essential to elucidate how environmental factors synergistically define the microbial turnover of terrestrial organic matter in order to better understand the ecological role of photo-heterotrophic interactions in stream ecosystem processes. In outdoor experimental streams, we examined how the structure of streambeds modifies the influence of light availability on microbial turnover of leaf carbon (C). Furthermore, we investigated whether the studied relationships of microbial leaf C turnover to environmental conditions are affected by flow intermittency commonly occurring in streams. We applied leaves enriched with a 13C-stable isotope tracer and combined quantitative and isotope analyses. We thereby elucidated whether treatment induced changes in C turnover were associated with altered use of leaf C within the microbial food web. Moreover, isotope analyses were combined with measurements of microbial community composition to determine whether changes in community function were associated with a change in community composition. In this study, we present evidence, that environmental factors interactively determine how phototrophs and heterotrophs contribute to leaf C turnover. Light availability promoted the utilization of leaf C within the microbial food web, which was likely associated with a promoted availability of highly bioavailable metabolites of phototrophic origin. However, our results additionally confirm that the structure of the streambed modifies light-related changes in microbial C turnover. From our observations, we conclude that the streambed structure influences the strength of photo-heterotrophic interactions by defining the spatial availability of algal metabolites in the streambed and the composition of microbial communities. Collectively, our multifactorial approach provides valuable insights into environmental controls on the functioning of stream ecosystems.
description: Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe, 693
title: Inter-individual differences in contamination profiles as tracer of social group association in stranded sperm whales
Creators: name: Schnitzler, Joseph G.
name: Pinzone, Marianna
name: Autenrieth, Marijke
name: van Neer, Abbo
name: IJsseldijk, Lonneke L.
name: Barber, Jonathan  L.
name: Deaville, Rob
name: Jepson, Paul
name: Brownlow, Andrew
name: Schaffeld, Tobias
name: Thomé, Jean-Pierre
name: Tiedemann, Ralph
name: Das, Krishna
name: Siebert, Ursula
Publisher: name: Universität Potsdam
Year: 2019

description: Ecological and physiological factors lead to different contamination patterns in individual marine mammals. The objective of the present study was to assess whether variations in contamination profiles are indicative of social structures of young male sperm whales as they might reflect a variation in feeding preferences and/or in utilized feeding grounds. We used a total of 61 variables associated with organic compounds and trace element concentrations measured in muscle, liver, kidney and blubber gained from 24 sperm whales that stranded in the North Sea in January and February 2016. Combining contaminant and genetic data, there is evidence for at least two cohorts with different origin among these stranded sperm whales; one from the Canary Island region and one from the northern part of the Atlantic. While genetic data unravel relatedness and kinship, contamination data integrate over areas, where animals occured during their lifetime. Especially in long-lived animals with a large migratory potential, as sperm whales, contamination data may carry highly relevant information about aggregation through time and space.
description: Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe, 692
Electroproduction of the Roper resonance on the proton: the role of the three-quark core and the molecular N-sigma component
Creators: name: Obukhovsky, Igor T.
name: Faessler, Amand
name: Fedorov, Dimitry K.
name: Gutsche, Thomas
name: Lyubovitskij, Valery E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Roper resonance is considered as a mixed state of a three-quark core configuration and a hadron molecular component N+sigma. Based on this ansatz we study electroproduction of the Roper resonance. The strong and electromagnetic couplings induced by the quark core are calculated in the 3P0 model. The contribution of the vector meson cloud to the electromagnetic transition is given in the framework of the VMD model. Results are compared with the recent JLab electroproduction data.
description: 15 pages, 8 figures
title: Multi-Source AttnGAN for Ground-Level View Scene Generation
Creators: name: Jones, Sharad
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2021

description: Satellite images, given that they are taking images of the ground, have been shown to be an effective tool for generating images that are from a street-view perspective. Unfortunately, because of the high-angle or possible cloud cover it can be difficult to generate the street-level views. Where the satellite images fall short though, there may be other types of data that can be associated with a point on the ground to support any shortcomings. In this work we propose a novel extension of an existing machine learning model that generates images purely from text, to allow for both satellite images and text descriptions to be given as input to generate the street-level images. We also propose a new way to evaluate how good our machine learning model is that would easily work for multiple input data types. Models are trained and evaluated on satellite imagery from the WorldView-3 satellite, Wikipedia text descriptions of cities, and OpenStreetCam dashboard camera style imagery.
title: Chemotaxonomy of mycotoxigenic small-spored Alternaria fungi
title: do multitoxin mixtures act as an indicator for species differentiation?
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Zwickel, Theresa
name: Kahl, Sandra M.
name: Rychlik, Michael
name: Müller, Marina E. H.
Publisher: name: Universität Potsdam
Year: 2019

description: Necrotrophic as well as saprophytic small-spored Altemaria (A.) species are annually responsible for major losses of agricultural products, such as cereal crops, associated with the contamination of food and feedstuff with potential health-endangering Altemaria toxins. Knowledge of the metabolic capabilities of different species-groups to form mycotoxins is of importance for a reliable risk assessment. 93 Altemaria strains belonging to the four species groups Alternaria tenuissima, A. arborescens, A. altemata, and A. infectoria were isolated from winter wheat kernels harvested from fields in Germany and Russia and incubated under equal conditions. Chemical analysis by means of an HPLC-MS/MS multi-Alternaria-toxin-method showed that 95% of all strains were able to form at least one of the targeted 17 non-host specific Altemaria toxins. Simultaneous production of up to 15 (modified) Altemaria toxins by members of the A. tenuissima, A. arborescens, A. altemata species-groups and up to seven toxins by A. infectoria strains was demonstrated. Overall tenuazonic acid was the most extensively formed mycotoxin followed by alternariol and alternariol mono methylether, whereas altertoxin I was the most frequently detected toxin. Sulfoconjugated modifications of alternariol, alternariol mono methylether, altenuisol and altenuene were frequently determined. Unknown perylene quinone derivatives were additionally detected. Strains of the species-group A. infectoria could be segregated from strains of the other three species-groups due to significantly lower toxin levels and the specific production of infectopyrone. Apart from infectopyrone, alterperylenol was also frequently produced by 95% of the A. infectoria strains. Neither by the concentration nor by the composition of the targeted Altemaria toxins a differentiation between the species-groups A. altemata, A. tenuissima and A. arborescens was possible.
description: Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe, 696
Time-dependent particle acceleration in supernova remnants in different environments
Creators: name: Schure, K. M.
name: Achterberg, A.
name: Keppens, R.
name: Vink, Jacco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We simulate time-dependent particle acceleration in the blast wave of a young supernova remnant (SNR), using a Monte Carlo approach for the diffusion and acceleration of the particles, coupled to an MHD code. We calculate the distribution function of the cosmic rays concurrently with the hydrodynamic evolution of the SNR, and compare the results with those obtained using simple steady-state models. The surrounding medium into which the supernova remnant evolves turns out to be of great influence on the maximum energy to which particles are accelerated. In particular, a shock going through a $ρ\propto r^{-2}$ density profile causes acceleration to typically much higher energies than a shock going through a medium with a homogeneous density profile. We find systematic differences between steady-state analytical models and our time-dependent calculation in terms of spectral slope, maximum energy, and the shape of the cut-off of the particle spectrum at the highest energies. We also find that, provided that the magnetic field at the reverse shock is sufficiently strong to confine particles, cosmic rays can be easily re-accelerated at the reverse shock.
description: 19 pages, 20 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Additional file 1 of Alcohol consumption and risk of cardiovascular disease, cancer and mortality: a prospective cohort study
Creators: name: Zhang, Xinyuan
name: Liu, Yan
name: Li, Shanshan
name: Lichtenstein, Alice H.
name: Chen, Shuohua
name: Na, Muzi
name: Veldheer, Susan
name: Xing, Aijun
name: Wang, Yanxiu
name: Wu, Shouling
name: Gao, Xiang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Mental Health

description: Additional file 1 : Supplemental Table 1. Baseline comparison between excluded participants due to missing alcohol consumption data and included participants. Supplemental Table 2. Incidence rate and hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) for CVD, cancer, and mortality by alcohol consumption at baseline. Supplemental Table 3. Hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) for CVD, cancer, and mortality by alcohol consumption, excluding former drinkers (n= 80,472). Supplemental Table 4. Hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) for CVD, cancer, and mortality by alcohol consumption, excluding participants with 1-4 g alcohol/wk (n= 80,320). Supplemental Table 5. Sex-specific association between alcohol consumption and CVD, cancer, and mortality. Supplemental Table 6. Association between alcohol consumption and CVD, cancer, and mortality subgroups by smoking status. Supplemental Table 7. Hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) for CVD, cancer, and mortality by alcohol consumption at baseline by age groups. Supplemental Table 8. Hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) for CVD, cancer, and mortality by alcohol consumption at baseline by occupations. Supplemental Table 9. Hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) for CVD, cancer, and mortality associated with alcohol consumption at baseline by beverage types. Supplemental Table 10. Hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) for CVD, cancer, and mortality by alcohol consumption tertiles. Supplemental Figure 1. Flowchart of the study. Supplemental Figure 2. Restricted cubic spline model.
title: Embracing Low-Power Systems with Improvement in Security and Energy-Efficiency
Creators: name: Pandey, Pramesh
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2021

description: As the economies around the world are aligning more towards usage of computing systems, the global energy demand for computing is increasing rapidly. Additionally, the boom in AI based applications and services has already invited the pervasion of specialized computing hardware architectures for AI (accelerators). A big chunk of research in the industry and academia is being focused on providing energy efficiency to all kinds of power hungry computing architectures. This dissertation adds to these efforts.
Aggressive voltage underscaling of chips is one the effective low power paradigms of providing energy efficiency. This dissertation identifies and deals with the reliability and performance problems associated with this paradigm and innovates novel energy efficient approaches. Specifically, the properties of a low power security primitive have been improved and, higher performance has been unlocked in an AI accelerator (Google TPU) in an aggressively voltage underscaled environment. And, novel power saving opportunities have been unlocked by characterizing the usage pattern of a baseline TPU with rigorous mathematical analysis.
Image-Based Lighting for OpenGL
Creators: name: Beqiraj, Denis
Publisher: name: Scuola Universitaria della Svizzera Italiana (SUPSI)
Year: 2022

description: The project consists in applying the image based lighting technique,so a 3D rendering technique which involves capturing an omnidirectional representation of real-world light information as an image, to the 3D Overvision graphics engine, this technique is used to make more realistic the already written physically based rendering pipeline, so the computer graphics approach that seeks to render images in a way that models the flow of light in the real world. This is generally accomplished by manipulating a cubemap environment map (taken from the real world or generated from a 3D scene) such that we can directly use it in our lighting equations: treating each cubemap texel as a light emitter. This way we can effectively capture an environment’s global lighting and general feel, giving objects a better sense of belonging in their environment. As image based lighting algorithms capture the lighting of some (global) environment, its input is considered a more precise form of ambient lighting, even a crude approximation of global illumination. This makes IBL interesting for PBR as objects look significantly more physically accurate when we take the environment’s lighting into account. The main goals are to complete implementation of IBL lighting in the engine, and the implementation of an extra dynamic cubemap to make more realistic reflections. The main goals has been achieved, so the IBL pipeline has been implemented in the engine and the cubemap has been added to have reflections, now we have an engine that can handle physical materials well and make them more realistic through image based lighting.
title: Dynamic strain determination using fibre-optic cables allows imaging of seismological and structural features
Creators: name: Jousset, Philippe
name: Reinsch, Thomas
name: Ryberg, Trond
name: Blanck, Hanna
name: Clarke, Andy
name: Aghayev, Rufat
name: Hersir, Gylfi  P.
name: Henninges, Jan
name: Weber, Michael
name: Krawczyk, Charlotte M.
Publisher: name: Universität Potsdam
Year: 2019

description: Natural hazard prediction and efficient crust exploration require dense seismic observations both in time and space. Seismological techniques provide ground-motion data, whose accuracy depends on sensor characteristics and spatial distribution. Here we demonstrate that dynamic strain determination is possible with conventional fibre-optic cables deployed for telecommunication. Extending recently distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) studies, we present high resolution spatially un-aliased broadband strain data. We recorded seismic signals from natural and man-made sources with 4-m spacing along a 15-km-long fibre-optic cable layout on Reykjanes Peninsula, SW-Iceland. We identify with unprecedented resolution structural features such as normal faults and volcanic dykes in the Reykjanes Oblique Rift, allowing us to infer new dynamic fault processes. Conventional seismometer recordings, acquired simultaneously, validate the spectral amplitude DAS response between 0.1 and 100 Hz bandwidth. We suggest that the networks of fibre-optic telecommunication lines worldwide could be used as seismometers opening a new window for Earth hazard assessment and exploration.
description: Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe, 691
On matrix geometry
Creators: name: Steinacker, Harold
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The foundations of matrix geometry are discussed, which provides the basis for recent progress on the effective geometry and gravity in Yang-Mills matrix models. Basic examples lead to a notion of embedded noncommutative spaces (branes) with emergent Riemannian geometry. This class of configurations turns out to be preserved under small deformations, and is therefore appropriate for matrix models. The relation with spectral geometry is discussed. A possible realization of sufficiently generic 4-dimensional geometries as noncommutative branes in D=10 matrix models is sketched.
description: Contribution to the proceedings of the Corfu Summer Institute on Elementary Particles and Physics 2011. 15 pages. V2: minor reformulations
Precise Black Hole Masses From Megamaser Disks: Black Hole-Bulge Relations at Low Mass
Creators: name: Greene, J. E.
name: Peng, C. Y.
name: Kim, M.
name: Kuo, C. Y.
name: Braatz, J. A.
name: Impellizzeri, C. M. V.
name: Condon, J. J.
name: Lo, K. Y.
name: Henkel, C.
name: Reid, M. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The black hole (BH)-bulge correlations have greatly influenced the last decade of effort to understand galaxy evolution. Current knowledge of these correlations is limited predominantly to high BH masses (M_BH> 10^8 M_sun) that can be measured using direct stellar, gas, and maser kinematics. These objects, however, do not represent the demographics of more typical L< L* galaxies. This study transcends prior limitations to probe BHs that are an order of magnitude lower in mass, using BH mass measurements derived from the dynamics of H_2O megamasers in circumnuclear disks. The masers trace the Keplerian rotation of circumnuclear molecular disks starting at radii of a few tenths of a pc from the central BH. Modeling of the rotation curves, presented by Kuo et al. (2010), yields BH masses with exquisite precision. We present stellar velocity dispersion measurements for a sample of nine megamaser disk galaxies based on long-slit observations using the B&C spectrograph on the Dupont telescope and the DIS spectrograph on the 3.5m telescope at Apache Point. We also perform bulge-to-disk decomposition of a subset of five of these galaxies with SDSS imaging. The maser galaxies as a group fall below the M_BH-sigma* relation defined by elliptical galaxies. We show, now with very precise BH mass measurements, that the low-scatter power-law relation between M_BH and sigma* seen in elliptical galaxies is not universal. The elliptical galaxy M_BH-sigma* relation cannot be used to derive the BH mass function at low mass or the zeropoint for active BH masses. The processes (perhaps BH self-regulation or minor merging) that operate at higher mass have not effectively established an M_BH-sigma* relation in this low-mass regime.
description: 21 pages, 14 figures, accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal