cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Optimized multibeam configuration for observation of QED cascades
Creators: name: Gelfer, E. G.
name: Mironov, A. A.
name: Fedotov, A. M.
name: Bashmakov, V. F.
name: Nerush, E. N.
name: Kostyukov, I. Y.
name: Narozhny, N. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: QED cascades in intense electromagnetic field can occur if the dynamical quantum parameter $χ$ of a seed electron, which in Compton units coincides with the electron proper acceleration, attains the order of unity. We derive general expression for $χ$ of an initially slow electron in an arbitrary electromagnetic field for a time range $t\ll 1/ω$, where $ω$ is the field carrier frequency. Using this formula, we consider a special field configuration of multiple colliding focused laser beams and optimize it to provide cascade development at laser power below $10$ PW and intensity of the order of $10^{23}$W/cm$^2$. Such parameters of the beams will be obtained with a new generation of laser facilities, particularly the ELI Beamlines, in the coming years.
description: 5 pages, 6 figures
Obesity prevention and the primary care pediatricianʼs office
Creators: name: Perrin, Eliana
name: Finkle, Joanne
name: Benjamin, John
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: Purpose of review—The obesity epidemic confronts the pediatrician every day in the office. Pediatricians should help curb the epidemic through prevention and the usual pediatric primary care tasks of screening, communication and anticipatory counseling. This review highlights findings from recent literature to guide office-based prevention of obesity in children. Recent findings—More and more, children and society feel the effects of the obesity epidemic; prevention efforts need to begin earlier. Pediatricians’ efforts to screen help identify at-risk children who may benefit from early lifestyle changes. The identification of overweight children also helps foster the appropriate work up of comorbidities. Pediatricians’ communication of weight trajectories, which includes techniques like motivational interviewing, may help parents to adopt behavioral prescriptions. Pediatricians should focus on promoting breastfeeding, limiting television, increasing physical activity and reducing sugar-sweetened beverages. New tools used in the training setting show promising results. Summary—Pediatricians must focus efforts on preventing childhood overweight, while awaiting effective treatment options for this chronic illness with its many associated morbidities. Such prevention involves sensitively communicating early body mass index screening results to parents and helping them to adopt key behavioral changes in diet and physical activity.
GENUS QUADRICOMA FILIPJEV, 1922 WITH A REDESCRIPTION OF QUADRICOMA-COBBI (STEINER, 1916), QUADRICOMA-CRASSICOMOIDES TIMM, 1970 AND QUADRICOMA-LORICATA FILIPJEV, 1922 (NEMATODA-DESMOSCOLECIDA) .10. NEMATODES FROM GREAT-BARRIER-REEF, COLLECTED DURING BELGIAN EXPEDITION IN 1967
Creators: name: Decraemer, W.
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 1978

Abstract
Understanding the substrate specificity of the heparan sulfate sulfotransferases by an integrated biosynthetic and crystallographic approach
Creators: name: Liu, Jian
name: Pedersen, Lars
name: Moon, Andrea
name: Sheng, Juzheng
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Heparan sulfates (HSs) have potential therapeutic value as anti-inflammatory and antimetastasis drugs, in addition to their current use as anticoagulants. Recent advances in chemoenzymatic synthesis of HS provide a way to conveniently produce homogenous HS with different biological properties. Crystal structures of sulfotransferases involved in this process are providing atomic detail of their substrate binding clefts and interactions with their HS substrates. In theory, the flexibility of this method can be increased by modifying the specificities of the sulfotransferases based on the structures, thereby producing a new array of products.
New aspects of the symbiosis in the provannid snail Ifremeria nautilei from the North Fiji Back Arc Basin
Creators: name: BOROWSKI, Christian
name: GIERE, Olav
name: KRIEGER, Jens
name: AMANN, Rudolf
name: DUBILIER, Nicole
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 2002

Abstract
title: Optimal Trade Execution under Endogenous Order Flow
Creators: name: Chen, Ying
name: Tran, Hoang Hai
name: Horst, Ulrich
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2023

description: We consider an optimal liquidation model in which an investor is required to execute meta-orders during intraday trading periods, and his trading activity triggers child orders and endogenously affects future order flow, both instantaneously and permanently. Under the assumptions of risk neutrality and deterministic constants of the impact parameters, we provide closed-form solutions and illustrate the relationship between trading strategies and feedback effects. The optimal trading strategy is of hyperbolic form if the feedback effect of current trading on future order flow is not too strong. If the feedback effect becomes too dominating, a cyclic strategy with possible beneficial round-trips may emerge. We set up an estimation framework so that parameter estimates can be made directly from public data and are consistent with the theoretical model. When implementing our model on 110 NASDAQ stocks, the empirical analysis shows that as the level of endogeneity increases, our strategy provides increasingly better performance than the commonly adopted trading strategy. The empirical analysis also shows that too strong feedback effects do not exist in practice, thus ruling out statistical arbitrage.
Endosymbionts mediate the effects of antibiotic exposure in the tramp ant Cardiocondyla obscurior
Creators: name: Ün, Çiğdem
name: Hacker, Julia
name: Heinze, Jürgen
name: Oettler, Jan
name: Schultner, Eva
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Bacteria, Candidatus Westeberhardia cardiocondylae, fitness, rifampicin, social insects, symbiosis, Wolbachia sp.
subject: 570 Biowissenschaften, Biologie
subject: 590 Tiere (Zoologie)

description: 1. Bacterial endosymbionts play a fundamental role in insect ecology. Ants host a large diversity of bacterial symbionts, but comparably little is known about how the loss or reduction of symbionts affects ant fitness. 2. We investigated the effects of the rifampicin, a commonly used antibiotic, on colonies from several populations of the globally distributed tramp ant Cardiocondyla obscurior, which differ in their endosymbiont communities. 3. We found that rifampicin treatment negatively affected queen fecundity and colony productivity, even when there was a delay of 3 months between treatment and productivity assessment. In addition, the viability of sperm from males produced in rifampicin-treated colonies was significantly reduced, pointing towards a trans-generational effect of antibiotics on male ant fitness. As expected, rifampicin treatment also led to a significant decrease in the titres of Candidatus Westeberhardia cardiocondylae and Wolbachia sp., the main bacterial endosymbionts of this ant. 4. The negative effects of antibiotic exposure on ant and symbiont fitness were modulated by the presence and strain of symbiotic bacteria, revealing a complex relationship between the microbiome and ant fitness.
(199) Jane Agnes Buchanan
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Antimicrobial activities of coelomic fluid and body wall extracts of the edible Mediterranean sea cucumber Holothuria tubulosa Gmelin, 1790
Creators: name: SELLEM, Feriel
name: BRAHMI, Zeineb
name: MNASSER, Hsouna
name: RAFRAFI, Sarra
name: BOUHAOUALA-ZAHAR, Balkiss
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 2017

description: In this study, we investigated the sea cucumber Holothuria tubulosa as a source of novel antimicrobial compounds. Three extracts isolated from the coelomic fluid (E1) and body wall (E2 and E3) using different solvents were tested for their antimicrobial activities. Inhibition activity of extracts was assessed against bacterial and fungal species pre- clustered in two collections of pathogens depending on their starting biomasses (A and B collections). The highest growth inhibitory effect was found in the body wall extracts, followed by the coelomic fluid extract. In both sets of pathogens, significant sensitivities were obtained, but the most potent antibacterial extracts were the ethanol extracts. The results of this study highlight the antimicrobial activities of H. tubulosa and confirmed the health-promoting effects that are described in traditional medicine.
Systemic inflammation associated with mechanical ventilation among extremely preterm infants
Creators: name: Fichorova, Raina
name: Laughon, Matthew
name: Van Marter, Linda
name: Ehrenkranz, Richard
name: Leviton, Alan
name: Allred, Elizabeth
name: Bose, Carl
name: Michael O'Shea, T.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Little evidence is available to document that mechanical ventilation is an antecedent of systemic inflammation in preterm humans. We obtained blood on postnatal day 14 from 726 infants born before the 28th week of gestation and measured the concentrations of 25 inflammation-related proteins. We created multivariable models to assess the relationship between duration of ventilation and protein concentrations in the top quartile. Compared to newborns ventilated for fewer than 7 days (N=247), those ventilated for 14 days (N=330) were more likely to have elevated blood concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, TNF-α), chemokines (IL-8, MCP-1), an adhesion molecule (ICAM-1), and a matrix metalloprotease (MMP-9), and less likely to have elevated blood concentrations of two chemokines (RANTES, MIP-1β), a matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-1), and a growth factor (VEGF). Newborns ventilated for 7-13 days (N=149) had systemic inflammation that approximated the pattern of newborns ventilated for 14 days. These relationships were not confounded by chorioamnionitis or antenatal corticosteroid exposure, and were not altered appreciably among infants with and without bacteremia. These findings suggest that two weeks of ventilation are more likely than shorter durations of ventilation to be accompanied by high blood concentrations of pro-inflammatory proteins indicative of systemic inflammation, and by low concentrations of proteins that might protect from inflammation-mediated organ injury.
Effect of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors on controlled attenuation parameter in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Πανάς, Παντελεήμων Αλέξανδρος Χαράλαμπου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2023
Subjects: Αγωνιστές υποδοχέων του γλυκαγονόμορφου πεπτιδίου-1
Αναστολείς συμμεταφορέα νατρίου-γλυκόζης
Μη αλκοολική λιπώδης νόσος του ήπατος
GLP-1 receptor agonists
SGLT-2 inhibitors
NAFLD

description: This thesis was undertaken with the objective of evaluating the effect of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors on the controlled attenuation parameter, a novel index for the assessment of hepatic steatosis, in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Therefore, a systematic review of the literature in electronic databases was performed, focusing on randomized clinical trials which tested the impact of the investigated pharmacological agents versus placebo. The results were then abstracted and synthesized in a meta-analysis. The findings indicated that hepatic steatosis as measured by the controlled attenuation parameter is enhanced by glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and not by sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors, although the results were based primarily on semaglutide and exclusively on empagliflozin respectively. This thesis denotes the need for further research in this area.
description: Η μεταπτυχιακή αυτή εργασία εκπονήθηκε με σκοπό την αξιολόγηση της επίδρασης των αγωνιστών υποδοχέων του γλυκαγονόμορφου πεπτιδίου-1 και των αναστολέων του συμμεταφορέα νατρίου-γλυκόζης στην παράμετρο ελεγχόμενης απόσβεσης, ενός καινοτόμου δείκτη εκτίμησης της ηπατικής στεάτωσης, σε ασθενείς με μη αλκοολική λιπώδη νόσο του ήπατος. Ως εκ τούτου, πραγματοποιήθηκε συστηματική ανασκόπηση της βιβλιογραφίας σε ηλεκτρονικές βάσεις δεδομένων με επικέντρωση σε τυχαιοποιημένες κλινικές μελέτες που διερεύνησαν τον αντίκτυπο των υπό μελέτη φαρμακευτικών παραγόντων έναντι εικονικού φαρμάκου. Ακολούθησε σταχυολόγηση και σύνθεση των αποτελεσμάτων εν είδει μετα-ανάλυσης. Τα ευρήματα ανέδειξαν ότι η ηπατική στεάτωση όπως αυτή καταμετράται από την παράμετρο ελεγχόμενης απόσβεσης βελτιώνεται από τους αγωνιστές υποδοχέων γλυκαγονόμορφου πεπτιδίου-1 και όχι από τους αναστολείς συμμεταφορέα νατρίου-γλυκόζης, αν και τα αποτελέσματα βασίστηκαν κυρίως στην σεμαγλουτίδη και αποκλειστικά στην εμπαγλιφλοζίνη, αντιστοίχως. Η εργασία αυτή δεικνύει την αναγκαιότητα για περαιτέρω έρευνα στον συγκεκριμένο τομέα.
The Sanford Underground Research Facility at Homestake
Creators: name: Heise, Jaret
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The former Homestake gold mine in Lead, South Dakota has been transformed into a dedicated facility to pursue underground research in rare-process physics, as well as offering research opportunities in other disciplines such as biology, geology and engineering. A key component of the Sanford Underground Research Facility (SURF) is the Davis Campus, which is in operation at the 4850-foot level (4300 m.w.e.) and currently hosts two main physics projects: the LUX dark matter experiment and the MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR neutrinoless double-beta decay experiment. In addition, two low-background counters currently operate at the Davis Campus in support of current and future experiments. Expansion of the underground laboratory space is underway at the 4850L Ross Campus in order to maintain and enhance low-background assay capabilities as well as to host a unique nuclear astrophysics accelerator facility. Plans to accommodate other future experiments at SURF are also underway and include the next generation of direct-search dark matter experiments and the Fermilab-led international long-baseline neutrino program. Planning to understand the infrastructure developments necessary to accommodate these future projects is well advanced and in some cases have already started. SURF is a dedicated research facility with significant expansion capability.
description: 25 pages, 15 figures, Proceedings of the Workshop on Germanium-Based Detectors and Technology - 2014, Vermillion, SD, September 14-17, 2014
Spin correlations and entanglement in partially magnetised ensembles of fermions
Creators: name: Thekkadath, Guillaume S.
name: Jiang, Liang
name: Thywissen, Joseph H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the singlet fraction $p_s$ and total magnetisation (or polarisation) $m$ can bound the minimum concurrence in an ensemble of spins. We identify $p_s > (1-m^2)/2$ as a sufficient and tight condition for bipartite entanglement. Our proof makes no assumptions about the state of the system or symmetry of the particles, and can therefore be used as a witness for spin entanglement between fermions. We discuss the implications for recent experiments in which spin correlations were observed, and the prospect to study entanglement dynamics in the demagnetisation of a cold Fermi gas.
description: 10 pages, 1 figure; submitted to J. Phys. B (for the Special Issue on Addressing Quantum Many-body Problems with Cold Atoms and Molecules)
Early white-matter abnormalities of the ventral frontostriatal pathway in fragile X syndrome
Creators: name: HOEFT, FUMIKO
name: HAAS, BRIAN
name: HAZLETT, HEATHER
name: PATNAIK, SWETAPADMA
name: BARNEA-GORALY, NAAMA
name: LIGHTBODY, AMY
name: REISS, ALLAN
name: PIVEN, JOSEPH
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: AIM—Fragile X syndrome is associated with cognitive deficits in inhibitory control and with abnormal neuronal morphology and development. METHOD—In this study, we used a diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) tractography approach to reconstruct white-matter fibers in the ventral frontostriatal pathway in young males with fragile X syndrome (n=17; mean age 2y 9mo, SD 7mo, range 1y 7mo–3y 10mo), and two age-matched comparison groups: (1) typically developing (n=13; mean age 2y 3mo, SD 7mo, range 1y 7mo–3y 6mo) and (2) developmentally delayed (n=8; mean age 3y, SD 4mo, range 2y 9mo–3y 8mo). RESULTS—We observed that young males with fragile X syndrome exhibited increased density of DTI reconstructed fibers than those in the typically developing (p=0.001) and developmentally delayed (p=0.001) groups. Aberrant white-matter structure was localized in the left ventral frontostriatal pathway. Greater relative fiber density was found to be associated with lower IQ (Mullen composite scores) in the typically developing group (p=0.008). INTERPRETATION—These data suggest that diminished or absent fragile X mental retardation 1 protein expression can selectively alter white-matter anatomy during early brain development and, in particular, neural pathways. The results also point to an early neurobiological marker for an important component of cognitive dysfunction associated with fragile X syndrome.
(196) Louisa [McCulloch]
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Baseline Predictors of A1C Reduction in Adults Using Sensor-Augmented Pump Therapy or Multiple Daily Injection Therapy: The STAR 3 Experience
Creators: name: Dailey, George
name: Tanenberg, Robert
name: Buse, John
name: Peoples, Tim
name: Ahmann, Andrew
name: Green, Jennifer
name: Bergenstal, Richard
name: Yang, Qingqing
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Background: Baseline characteristics from the adult cohort of a randomized controlled trial comparing sensoraugmented pump (SAP) and multiple daily injection (MDI) therapy were analyzed for significant relationships with -0.5% A1C change at 1 year of therapy without incidence of severe hypoglycemia (defined as A1C benefit). Methods: Baseline characteristics were compared with A1C benefit. Statistically significant predictors were analyzed further to determine appropriate cutpoints of relative A1C benefit. Results: Baseline A1C ≥ 9.1%, age at randomization ≥ 36 years, and age at diabetes diagnosis of ≥ 17 years were associated with a greater SAP benefit relative to MDI than other cutpoints. Conclusions: People with type 1 diabetes who had a high A1C and who were older at diagnosis and older at randomization experienced the most benefit from SAP therapy.
Experiments of variety tests and seed-and soil treatment in organically cultivated soybean
Creators: name: Hunyadi, É.
name: Divéky-Ertsey, A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: variety tests, seed, soil, treatment, soybean, icoas, 2018, conference

description: Soya production in the world has multiplied since the seventies (FAOSTAT 2018).
Use of injected polymers derived from plastic waste as substitution of fossil carbon and natural gas in electrical arc furnace (EAF)
Creators: name: Brhel, Jaroslav
name: Cirilli, Filippo
name: Mirabile, Daphne
name: Gaspardo, Daniele
name: Viottto, Alberto
name: Bianco, Loris
name: Gosparini, Elia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: plastic recovery, polymers, EAF injection, carbon substitution

description: Use of carbon and natural gas in EAFs is common practice these days. Injected carbon is used mainly for slag foaming and natural gas with oxygen as energy input by burners.
 There is a strong effort in the steel sector to replace fossil raw materials with residues from other sectors, in order to reduce the utilization of virgin raw materials and to valorize wastes which are currently landfilled or in general scarcely reused. To fulfil these needs, new burner / injector technology has been developed and tested in EAF as part of Polynspire European research project within Horizon 2020 program.
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF SMART GREEN SCHOOLS AND CONVENTIONAL SCHOOLS IN ENUGU STATE: EVALUATING STUDENTS' HEALTH AWARENESS, ENVIRONMENTAL BEHAVIOURAL PRACTICES, INFRASTRUCTURAL DESIGNS AND MAINTENANCE EFFECTIVENESS
Creators: name: Kunuba, Agatha, Chukwufumnanya (Ph. D.)
name: Prof. Ndidiamaka, Michael Ozofor
Publisher: name: GO JOURNAL
Year: 2024
Subjects: Smart green schools, conventional schools, health awareness, environmental behavioural practices, infrastructural design, maintenance effectiveness

description: The study delved into the comparative analysis of smart green schools and conventional schools by evaluating students’ health awareness, environmental behavioural practices, infrastructural designs, and maintenance effectiveness. The study was carried out in Enugu urban. The study adopted a descriptive-analytical survey research design as its research methodology. Four research questions were formulated and addressed in line with the purpose of the study, and one hypothesis was tested. A questionnaire and a checklist were used to collect data. The data collection instruments underwent validation by three specialists in measurement and evaluation, and their insights were thoughtfully integrated into the final instrument. The instrument was also tested for reliability using Cronbach Alpha and the reliability coefficient was 0.86. The population for the study was 1,797 teachers from government secondary schools in Enugu Urban and 185 teachers from privately owned secondary schools. A sample of 37 teachers from five privately owned green schools and 300 teachers from ten conventional schools was drawn through purposive sampling. The data collected were analysed using the mean and standard deviation, and the percentage proportion for the checklists and hypothesis was tested using the Independent Samples T-test. The findings from the study indicated that green schools enhance students learning more than the conventional school. It was recommended among others that conventional schools in Enugu State should be upgraded with green features and smart nature to develop quality education
Dipeptidyl-peptidase-4 inhibitors and pancreatic cancer: a cohort study
Creators: name: Marquis, M. A.
name: Buse, J. B.
name: Gokhale, M.
name: Stürmer, T.
name: Gray, C. L.
name: Pate, V.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Aims—Dipeptidyl-peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP-4i) have been implicated with an increased pancreatic cancer risk. We therefore compared pancreatic cancer incidence and diagnostic work-up among initiators of DPP-4i versus sulfonylureas (SU) and thiazolidinediones (TZD). Methods—Medicare claims data were examined in a new-user active-comparator cohort study. Patients >65 years with no prescriptions for DPP-4i, SU or TZD at baseline were included if they had at least two claims for the same drug within 180 days. Using an as-treated approach and propensity score-adjusted Cox models, we estimated hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for pancreatic cancer. Diagnostic work-up was compared using risk ratios (RR). RESULTS—In the DPP-4i vs SU comparison, there were 18,179 DPP4i initiators of which 26 developed pancreatic cancer (follow-up time interquartile range 5–18 months). In the DPP-4i vs TZD comparison there were 29,366 DPP-4i initiators and 52 developed pancreatic cancer. The hazard of pancreatic cancer with DPP-4i was lower relative to SU (HR=0.6, CI 0.4–0.9) and similar to TZD (HR=1.0, CI 0.7–1.4). Excluding first 6 months of follow-up to reduce the potential for reverse causality did not alter results. Probability of diagnostic work-up post-initiation among DPP-4i initiators (79.3%) was similar to TZD (74.1%) (RR=1.06, CI 1.05–1.07) and SU (74.6%) (RR=1.06, CI1.05–1.07). The probability of diagnostic workup pre-index was ~80% for all cohorts. Conclusion—Though limited by sample size and the observed duration of treatment in the US, our well-controlled population based study suggests no increased short-term pancreatic cancer risk with DPP-4i relative to SU or TZD.
On the Multivariate Gamma-Gamma ($ΓΓ$) Distribution with Arbitrary Correlation and Applications in Wireless Communications
Creators: name: Zhang, Jiayi
name: Matthaiou, Michail
name: Karagiannidis, George K.
name: Dai, Linglong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The statistical properties of the multivariate Gamma-Gamma ($ΓΓ$) distribution with arbitrary correlation have remained unknown. In this paper, we provide analytical expressions for the joint probability density function (PDF), cumulative distribution function (CDF) and moment generation function of the multivariate $ΓΓ$ distribution with arbitrary correlation. Furthermore, we present novel approximating expressions for the PDF and CDF of the sum of $ΓΓ$ random variables with arbitrary correlation. Based on this statistical analysis, we investigate the performance of radio frequency and optical wireless communication systems. It is noteworthy that the presented expressions include several previous results in the literature as special cases.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures, accepted by IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology
Activation-induced deaminase, AID, is catalytically active as a monomer on single-stranded DNA
Creators: name: Brar, Sukhdev
name: Diaz, Marilyn
name: Tessmer, Ingrid
name: Sacho, Elizabeth
name: Croteau, Deborah
name: Erie, Dorothy
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Hypermutation and class switch recombination of immunoglobulin genes are antigen-activated mechanisms triggered by AID, a cytidine deaminase. AID deaminates cytidine residues in the DNA of the variable and the switch regions of the immunoglobulin locus. The resulting uracil induces error-prone DNA synthesis in the case of hypermutation or DNA breaks that activate non-homologous recombination in the case of class-switch recombination. In vitro studies have demonstrated that AID deaminates single-stranded but not double-stranded substrates unless AID is in a complex with RPA and the substrate is actively undergoing transcription. However, it is not clear whether AID deaminates its substrates primarily as a monomer or as a higher order oligomer. To examine the oligomerization state of AID alone and in the presence of single stranded DNA substrates of various structures, including loops embedded in double-stranded DNA, we used atomic force microscopy (AFM) to visualize AID protein alone or in complex with DNA. Surprisingly, AFM results indicate that most AID molecules exist as a monomer and that it binds single-stranded DNA substrates as a monomer at concentrations where efficient deamination of single-stranded DNA substrates occur. The rate of deamination, under conditions of excess and limiting protein, also imply that AID can deaminate single-stranded substrates as a monomer. These results imply that non-phosphorylated AID is catalytically active as a monomer on single stranded DNA in vitro, including single-stranded DNA found in loops similar to those transiently formed in the immunoglobulin switch regions during transcription.
Demonstration of Robust Quantum Gate Tomography via Randomized Benchmarking
Creators: name: Johnson, Blake R.
name: da Silva, Marcus P.
name: Ryan, Colm A.
name: Kimmel, Shelby
name: Chow, Jerry M.
name: Ohki, Thomas A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Typical quantum gate tomography protocols struggle with a self-consistency problem: the gate operation cannot be reconstructed without knowledge of the initial state and final measurement, but such knowledge cannot be obtained without well-characterized gates. A recently proposed technique, known as randomized benchmarking tomography (RBT), sidesteps this self-consistency problem by designing experiments to be insensitive to preparation and measurement imperfections. We implement this proposal in a superconducting qubit system, using a number of experimental improvements including implementing each of the elements of the Clifford group in single `atomic' pulses and custom control hardware to enable large overhead protocols. We show a robust reconstruction of several single-qubit quantum gates, including a unitary outside the Clifford group. We demonstrate that RBT yields physical gate reconstructions that are consistent with fidelities obtained by randomized benchmarking.
DNA damage responses in Drosophila nbs mutants with reduced or altered NBS function
Creators: name: Mukherjee, Sushmita
name: Sekelsky, Jeff
name: LaFave, Matthew
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: The MRN complex, composed of MRE11, RAD50 and NBS, plays important roles in responding to DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs). In metazoans, functional studies of genes encoding these proteins have been challenging because complete loss-of-function mutations are lethal at the organismal level and because NBS has multiple functions in DNA damage responses. To study functions of Drosophila NBS in DNA damage responses, we used a separation-of-function mutation that causes loss of the forkhead-associated (FHA) domain. Loss of the FHA domain resulted in hypersensitivity to ionizing radiation and defects in gap repair by homologous recombination, but had only a small effect on the DNA damage checkpoint response and did not impair DSB repair by end joining. We also found that heterozygosity for an nbs null mutation caused reduced gap repair and loss of the checkpoint response to low-dose irradiation. These findings shed light on possible sources of the cancer predisposition found in human carriers of NBN mutations.
Green function of the double fractional Fokker-Planck equation: Path integral and stochastic differential equations
Creators: name: Kleinert, H.
name: Zatloukal, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 35R11

description: The statistics of rare events, the so-called black-swan events, is governed by non-Gaussian distributions with heavy power-like tails. We calculate the Green functions of the associated Fokker-Planck equations and solve the related stochastic differential equations. We also discuss the subject in the framework of path integration.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1210.2630
(197) Melville McCulloch
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Naltrexone and combined behavioral intervention effects on trajectories of drinking in the COMBINE study
Creators: name: Krystal, John
name: Couper, David
name: Wu, Ran
name: Donovan, Dennis
name: Rounsaville, Bruce
name: O'Malley, Stephanie
name: Gueorguieva, Ralitza
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Objective—COMBINE is the largest study of pharmacotherapy for alcoholism in the United States to date, designed to answer questions about the benefits of combining behavioral and pharmacological interventions. Trajectory-based analyses of daily drinking data allowed identification of distinct drinking trajectories in smaller studies and demonstrated significant naltrexone effects even when primary analyses on summary drinking measures were unsuccessful. The objective of this study was to replicate and refine trajectory estimation and to assess effects of naltrexone, acamprosate and therapy on the probabilities of following particular trajectories in COMBINE. It was hypothesized that different treatments may affect different trajectories of drinking. Methods—We conducted exploratory analyses of daily indicators of any drinking and heavy drinking using a trajectory-based approach and assessed trajectory membership probabilities and odds ratios for treatment effects. Results—We replicated the trajectories (“abstainer”, “sporadic drinker”, “consistent drinker”) established previously in smaller studies. However, greater numbers of trajectories better described the heterogeneity of drinking over time. Naltrexone reduced the chance to follow a “nearly daily” trajectory and Combined Behavioral Intervention (CBI) reduced the chance to be in an “increasing to nearly daily” trajectory of any drinking. The combination of naltrexone and CBI increased the probability of membership in a trajectory in which the frequency of any drinking declined over time. Trajectory membership was associated with different patterns of treatment compliance. Conclusion—The trajectory-analyses identified specific patterns of drinking that were differentially influenced by each treatment and provided support for hypotheses about the mechanisms by which these treatments work.
Four-loop strong coupling beta-function in the Standard Model
Creators: name: Bednyakov, A. V.
name: Pikelner, A. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this letter we present our results for the four-loop beta-function of the strong coupling in the Standard Model of fundamental interactions. We take top-Yukawa and self-Higgs interactions into account, but neglect electroweak gauge couplings.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures. Final result changed due to different Gamma 5 treatment
Quantum Dynamical Phase Transition in a Spin-Orbit Coupled Bose Condensate
Creators: name: Poon, Jeffrey Ting Fung
name: Liu, Xiong-Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spin-orbit coupled bosons can exhibit rich equilibrium phases at low temperature and in the presence of particle-particle interactions. In the case with a 1D synthetic spin-orbit interaction, it has been observed that the ground state of a Bose gas can be a normal phase, stripe phase, or magnetized phase in different experimentally controllable parameter regimes. The magnetized states are doubly degenerate and consist of a many-particle two-state system. In this work, we investigate the nonequilibrium quantum dynamics by switching on an external perturbation to induce resonant couplings between the magnetized phases, and predict the novel quantum spin dynamics which cannot be obtained in the single-particle systems. In particular, due to particle-particle interactions, the transition of the Bose condensate from one magnetized phase to the other is forbidden when the strength of external perturbation is less than a critical value, and a full transition can occur only when the perturbation exceeds such critical strength. This phenomenon manifests itself a quantum dynamical phase transition, with the critical point behavior being exactly solvable. From the numerical simulations and exact analytic studies we show that the predicted many-body effects can be well observed with the current experiments.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures, plus supplementary material
Repetitions, dichotomies and transference in European cinema of the 20s: the case of Douro, Faina Fluvial
Creators: name: Serapicos, Alexandra
Publisher: name: Journal of Science and Technology of the Arts
Year: 2009

description: Warning Regarding the films under analysis, only words by their authors are used as references. There is, therefore, a deliberate 'disinterest' in other people's opinions. Authors do not always tell everything, sometimes they distort the order of things and facts themselves (not always to their own advantage), but even their 'lies' offer us clues, if not to the final significance, at least for their intentions and wishes - for the project. I think that one's own work and words are (almost) always the best point of departure for personal reflection, even if it results in already explored or proposed paths. This warning is justified because there are countless analyses, particularly of Eisenstein's Potemkin, openly ignored here. This is, evidently, a contradiction in terms, given that I know some of these analyses and it would be impossible to forget them completely. I believe, however, that this exercise of purification, of return to the initial object, of trying to experience a first glance at these films is necessary. I did everything I could not to value these reflections and I myself hope to be ignored.
description: Journal of Science and Technology of the Arts, v. 1 n. 1 (2009)
Caregiver–child verbal interactions in child care: A buffer against poor language outcomes when maternal language input is less
Creators: name: Bratsch-Hines, Mary
name: Vernon-Feagans, Lynne
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Recent research has suggested that high quality child care can buffer young children against poorer cognitive and language outcomes when they are at risk for poorer language and readiness skills. Most of this research measured the quality of parenting and the quality of the child care with global observational measures or rating scales that did not specify the exact maternal or caregiver behaviors that might be causally implicated in the buffering of these children from poor outcomes. The current study examined the actual language by the mother to her child in the home and the verbal interactions between the caregiver and child in the child care setting that might be implicated in the buffering effect of high quality childcare. The sample included 433 rural children from the Family Life Project who were in child care at 36 months of age. Even after controlling for a variety of covariates, including maternal education, income, race, child previous skill, child care type, the overall quality of the home and quality of the child care environment; observed positive caregiver-child verbal interactions in the child care setting interacted with the maternal language complexity and diversity in predicting children’s language development. Caregiver-child positive verbal interactions appeared to buffer children from poor language outcomes concurrently and two years later if children came from homes where observed maternal language complexity and diversity during a picture book task was less.
Pollution and health risk assessment of toxic metals in solid waste dumping site soil and its impact on groundwater: a case study
Creators: name: Bora, Monashree Sarma
name: Devi, Upasona
name: Bharadwaj, Nandita
name: Sharma, Pratibha
name: Kalita, Santa
name: Baruah, Sangita
name: Das, Apurba Kumar
name: Sarma, Kali Prasad
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Distribution, sources, level of pollution, and associated human health risk assessment of toxic metals in municipal solid waste (MSW) dumping site soil of Tezpur town, located on the northern side of the river Brahmaputra, Assam were investigated. The extent of metal contamination in the MSW dumping site soil was evaluated using enrichment factor (EF), geoaccumulation index (Igeo), contamination factor (Cif), degree of contamination (Cd), and pollution load index (PLI). Based on these indices it can be concluded that MSW dumping site soil is highly contaminated with Cd and Pb. Moreover, ecological risk indices demonstrated high and low to moderate potential ecological risk due to Cd and Pb, respectively. Although no significant non-carcinogenic risk was found for the measured metals, potential carcinogenic risks of Cr, Pb, Ni, Cd for both children and adults were observed. Source apportionment study was carried out using principal component analysis (PCA) and it was found that metals were mainly originated from two sources: (1) Cu, Pb, Zn, and Cd were mainly from different components of MSW; (2) Mn, Cr, and Ni were from lithogenic materials. The concentrations of Cd and Pb in groundwater source at a radial distance of 20 m from the dumping site exceeded the prescribed limit for drinking water set by World Health Organization (WHO) and raises serious concern to the people residing near the dumping site.
Music Societies in the 19th Century Oporto: private spaces of amateur and professional music making
Creators: name: Liberal, Ana Maria
Publisher: name: Journal of Science and Technology of the Arts
Year: 2009

description: A number of private societies and clubs flourished in Oporto in the 19th Century, whose aim was to encourage in their members "benevolence relationships and good society" offering them "an honest and civilized leisure times". Clearly elitist, these nineteenth century recreational clubs had strict membership admission policies, which generally belonged to the higher echelons of society, more specifically the bourgeois, since the titled aristocracy was scarce in Oporto. It is worth mentioning here in parenthesis that Oporto was an essentially bourgeois, commercial city, unlike the capital, Lisbon, where the court "drags with it the whole official and unofficial world which conceitedly flutters around it". Each association organised musical concerts, balls and soirées musicales – weekly, twice a week or once a month – which also offered members other amusements, like conversation, reading, playing cards or dancing. Events of a musical character were normally performed by the club members, usually amateurs – referred to as dilettanti – who would be joined by prestigious Portuguese or foreign professionals. The purpose of this article is to describe the musical activity of the five main venues for private socialising in Oporto in the 1800s, and their contribution to the development of the musical taste of the city's society, taking into account both amateur and professional practice and particularly the repertoire performed.
description: Journal of Science and Technology of the Arts, v. 1 n. 1 (2009)
(193) Arabella Louise Rankin
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Assessment of areas at increased risk for poliovirus circulation in Ecuador
Creators: name: VINJÉ, JAN
name: CÁCERES, VÍCTOR
name: LANDAVERDE, MAURICIO
name: SOBSEY, MARK
name: DAYAN, GUSTAVO
name: RODRÍGUEZ, RODRIGO
name: VÁSCONEZ, NANCY
name: GREGORICUS, NICOLE
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2004

description: To assess areas at risk for poliovirus circulation in Ecuador, we first selected provinces at highest risk based on low immunization coverage with three doses of oral poliovirus vaccine, and a low number of reported cases of acute flaccid paralysis (AFP). Subsequently, we reviewed discharge data for the period 1996--2000 for diagnoses compatible with AFP in the only two national referral hospitals in Quito, and at least two main hospitals in each of the six selected provinces. Environmental samples from one or two cities/towns in each selected province were tested for poliovirus. Of the 14 identified AFP-compatible cases, 8 (57%) had been previously reported and investigated. We visited four out of the six unreported cases; none of those four had sequelae compatible with poliomyelitis. From the 14 environmental samples taken, we identified Sabin viruses in six of the samples; no vaccine-derived polioviruses were isolated. Using this methodology, we found no evidence of undetected poliovirus circulation in Ecuador.
Versions of Eberlein-Šmulian and Amir-Lindenstrauss theorems in the framework of conditional sets
Creators: name: Zapata, José Miguel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Based on conditional set theory, we study conditional weak topologies, extending some well-known results to this framework and culminating with the proof of conditional versions of Eberlein-Šmulian and Amir-Lindenstrauss Theorems. In pursuing this aim, we prove conditional versions of Baire Category Theorem and Uniform Boundedness Principle.