cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Multiple-precision zero-finding methods and the complexity of elementary function evaluation
Creators: name: Brent, Richard P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.2.1; G.1.0
subject: 11Y60 (Primary) 65Y20 (Secondary)

description: We consider methods for finding high-precision approximations to simple zeros of smooth functions. As an application, we give fast methods for evaluating the elementary functions log(x), exp(x), sin(x) etc. to high precision. For example, if x is a positive floating-point number with an n-bit fraction, then (under rather weak assumptions) an n-bit approximation to log(x) or exp(x) may be computed in time asymptotically equal to 13M(n)lg(n), where M(n) is the time required to multiply floating-point numbers with n-bit fractions. Similar results are given for the other elementary functions. Some analogies with operations on formal power series (over a field of characteristic zero) are discussed. In particular, it is possible to compute the first n terms in log(1 + a_1.x + ...) or exp(a_1.x + ...) in time O(M(n)), where M(n) is the time required to multiply two polynomials of degree n - 1. It follows that the first n terms in a q-th power (1 + a_1.x + ...)^q can be computed in time O(M(n)), independent of q. One of the results of this paper is the "Gauss-Legendre" or "Brent-Salamin" algorithm for computing pi. This is the first quadratically convergent algorithm for pi. It was also published in Brent [J. ACM 23 (1976), 242-251], and independently by Salamin [Math. Comp. 30 (1976), 565-570].
description: An old (1975) paper with a postscript describing more recent developments. See also http://wwwmaths.anu.edu.au/~brent/pub/pub028.html
Simulations of Beam Dynamics and Beam Lifetime for the Prototype EDM Ring
Creators: name: Siddique, Saad
name: Pretz, Jörg
name: Lehrach, Andreas
Publisher: name: Forschungzentrum Jülich
Year: 2023

description: 86th Annual Conference of the DPG and DPG Spring Meeting, RWTH Aachen, Germany, 20 Mar 2023 - 24 Mar 2023
description: The matter-antimatter asymmetry seen in the universe may be explained through CP-violation by observing a permanent electric dipolemoment (EDM) of subatomic particles. An advanced approach tomeasure the EDM of charged particles is to apply a unique method ofFrozen spin on a polarized beam in a storage ring. To increase the experimental precision step by step and to study systematic effects, theEDM experiment will be performed within three stages: the magneticring COSY (Cool Synchrotron Forschungzentrum Jülich Germany), aprototype EDM ring, and finally an all-electric EDM ring. The intermediate ring will be a mock-up of the final ring, which will be usedto study a variety of systematic effects and to implement the basicprinciple of the final ring. The simulations of beam dynamics of theprototype EDM ring with different lattices are carried out to optimizethe beam lifetime and minimize the systematic effects. The preliminary design of the prototype EDM ring helped to estimate the beamlosses by using analytical formulas. Beam-target effects with moredetailed simulations are being studied for beam losses and the application of stochastic cooling to control beam emittance growth is alsobeing studied by using a simulation program. Further investigationsto reduce systematic effects are also in progress.
title: Ð Ð°Ð·ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐºÐ° Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð³ÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¾Ð±ÐµÑÐ¿ÐµÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑÐ¿ÑÐ°Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ ÑÐµÐ»ÐµÐ²Ð¸Ð·Ð¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½ÑÐ¼ ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¿Ð»ÐµÐºÑÐ¾Ð¼
title: Ð²ÑÐ¿ÑÑÐºÐ½Ð°Ñ ÐºÐ²Ð°Ð»Ð¸ÑÐ¸ÐºÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ° Ð±Ð°ÐºÐ°Ð»Ð°Ð²ÑÐ°
titleType: Subtitle
title: Software development to control the television system
Creators: name: Ð¨ÐºÑÑÐ°ÑÐ¾Ð², ÐÐ¸ÐºÐ¾Ð»Ð°Ð¹
Publisher: name: Ð¡Ð°Ð½ÐºÑ-ÐÐµÑÐµÑÐ±ÑÑÐ³ÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ ÑÐ½Ð¸Ð²ÐµÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑ ÐÐµÑÑÐ° ÐÐµÐ»Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾
Year: 2019
Subjects: Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð³ÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ð½Ð¾Ðµ Ð¾Ð±ÐµÑÐ¿ÐµÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ
Ð¾Ð¿ÐµÑÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½ÑÐµ ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ
ÑÐµÐ»ÐµÐ²Ð¸Ð·Ð¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½ÑÐ¹ ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¿Ð»ÐµÐºÑ
ÐºÐ°Ð¼ÐµÑÐ½Ð°Ñ ÑÑÑÐ°Ð½Ð¾Ð²ÐºÐ°
ÑÐ¿ÑÐ°Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¿Ð»ÐµÐºÑÐ¾Ð¼
software
operating systems
television complex
camera installation
complex management

description: ÐÐ±ÑÐµÐºÑÐ¾Ð¼ Ð¸ÑÑÐ»ÐµÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ ÑÐ²Ð»ÑÐµÑÑÑ ÑÐ°Ð·ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐºÐ° Ð¸ Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÐµÐºÑÐ¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ ÐÐ Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð¿ÑÐµÐ´Ð¿ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐ¸Ñ ÐÐ Â«ÐÐÐ ÑÐµÐ»ÐµÐ²Ð¸Ð´ÐµÐ½Ð¸ÑÂ». ÐÑÐ»Ð¸ Ð¸Ð·ÑÑÐµÐ½Ñ ÑÐ°Ð·Ð»Ð¸ÑÐ½ÑÐµ ÑÐ·ÑÐºÐ¸ Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð³ÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ð¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ, Ð¾Ð±ÐµÑÐ¿ÐµÑÐ¸Ð²Ð°ÑÑÐ¸Ðµ Ð²Ð·Ð°Ð¸Ð¼Ð¾Ð´ÐµÐ¹ÑÑÐ²Ð¸Ðµ Ð¼ÐµÐ¶Ð´Ñ ÑÐ°Ð·Ð»Ð¸ÑÐ½ÑÐ¼Ð¸ ÑÑÑÑÐ¾Ð¹ÑÑÐ²Ð°Ð¼Ð¸ ÐºÐ°Ðº Ð¿Ð¾ ÑÐµÑÐ¸ Internet ÑÐ°Ðº Ð¸ Ð´ÑÑÐ³Ð¸Ð¼Ð¸ ÑÐ¿Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð±Ð°Ð¼Ð¸. ÐÐ· Ð¼Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾Ð¾Ð±ÑÐ°Ð·Ð¸Ñ ÑÑÑÐµÑÑÐ²ÑÑÑÐ¸Ñ Ð² Ð½Ð°ÑÑÐ¾ÑÑÐµÐµ Ð²ÑÐµÐ¼Ñ ÑÐ·ÑÐºÐ¾Ð² Ð±ÑÐ» Ð²ÑÐ±ÑÐ°Ð½ Ð½Ð°Ð¸Ð±Ð¾Ð»ÐµÐµ Ð¾Ð¿ÑÐ¸Ð¼Ð°Ð»ÑÐ½Ð°Ñ Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð½Ð°Ð¿Ð¸ÑÐ°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð³ÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ â Ð¡++, Ð¾ÑÐ²ÐµÑÐ°ÑÑÐ°Ñ Ð²ÑÐµÐ¼ ÑÑÐµÐ±Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸ÑÐ¼ ÑÐ°Ð·ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸ÐºÐ°. Ð ÐµÐ·ÑÐ»ÑÑÐ°ÑÐ¾Ð¼ Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÑ ÑÐ²Ð»ÑÐµÑÑÑ ÑÐ°Ð·ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐºÐ° ÐÐ, ÐºÐ¾ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¾Ðµ Ð¿ÑÐµÐ´Ð¾ÑÑÐ°Ð²Ð»ÑÐµÑ Ð²ÑÑ Ð½ÐµÐ¾Ð±ÑÐ¾Ð´Ð¸Ð¼ÑÑ Ð¸Ð½ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¼Ð°ÑÐ¸Ñ Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÑÐ·Ð¾Ð²Ð°ÑÐµÐ»Ñ, ÐºÐ¾ÑÐ¾ÑÑÐ¹ Ð±ÑÐ´ÐµÑ Ð²Ð·Ð°Ð¸Ð¼Ð¾Ð´ÐµÐ¹ÑÑÐ²Ð¾Ð²Ð°ÑÑ Ñ ÑÐµÐ»ÐµÐ²Ð¸Ð·Ð¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½ÑÐ¼ ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¿Ð»ÐµÐºÑÐ¾Ð¼.
description: The object of the study is the development and design of SOFTWARE for the company JSC "research Institute of televisionÂ». Various programming languages have been studied to enable communication between different devices both over the Internet and in other ways. From the variety of currently existing languages was chosen the most optimal for writing software â C, which meets all the requirements of the developer. The result of this work is the development of SOFTWARE that provides all the necessary information for the user who will interact with the television complex.
Visualization of atomic structure using AFM: theoretical description
Creators: name: Gallyamov, M. O.
name: Yaminsky, I. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We suggest simple model of image formation in atomic force microscope (AFM) taking into account contact deformations of probe and sample during scanning. The model explains the possibility of AFM visualization of regular atomic or molecular structure when probe-sample contact area is greater than an area per atom or molecule in surface lattice. (This is usually the case when lattice to be studied has subnanometer unit cell parameters and AFM investigations are carried out in air in contact mode). Two special peculiarities of AFM visualization of two-dimensional lattice could be observed under such conditions: 1) the inversion of contrast of AFM images, and 2) visualization of "false atom" under single atomic vacancy of surface studied.
When a CBR in Hand is Better than Twins in the Bush
Creators: name: Ahmed, Mobyen Uddin
name: Barua, Shaibal
name: Begum, Shahina
name: Islam, Mir Riyanul
name: Weber, Rosina O
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: AI methods referred to as interpretable are often discredited as inaccurate by supporters of the existence of a trade-off between interpretability and accuracy. In many problem contexts however this trade-off does not hold. This paper discusses a regression problem context to predict flight take-off delays where the most accurate data regression model was trained via the XGBoost implementation of gradient boosted decision trees. While building an XGB-CBR Twin and converting the XGBoost feature importance into global weights in the CBR model, the resultant CBR model alone provides the most accurate local prediction, maintains the global importance to provide a global explanation of the model, and offers the most interpretable representation for local explanations. This resultant CBR model becomes a benchmark of accuracy and interpretability for this problem context, and hence it is used to evaluate the two additive feature attribute methods SHAP and LIME to explain the XGBoost regression model. The results with respect to local accuracy and feature attribution lead to potentially valuable future work.
description: The version of this paper published in ICCBR XCBR '22 contained an erroneous sum in Equation 3 that we have corrected in this version
Ausführliche Entwickelung der gesammten Verjährungslehre aus den gemeinen in Deutschland geltenden Rechten
Creators: name: Unterholzner, Karl August Dominik
Publisher: name: unkn
Year: 2022

description: Ausführliche Entwickelung der gesammten Verjährungslehre aus den gemeinen in Deutschland geltenden Rechten
description: 1
Additional file 1 of Awareness of undergraduate dental students, interns, and freshly graduated dentists about oral manifestation associated with COVID-19
Creators: name: Alrajhi, Suliman
name: Shalabi, Maram
name: Alrajhi, Abdulaziz
name: Almarshud, Tamim
name: Almuhaysin, Mohammed
name: Alhudaithi, Abdullah
name: Alharbi, Ahmed Fahad
name: Alamri, Nasser
name: Alhumaid, Abdulaziz
name: Aljuailan, Ali
name: Algefari, Sultan
name: Salem, Suzan
name: Saad, Islam
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology

description: Supplementary Material 1
Ausführliche Entwickelung der gesammten Verjährungslehre aus den gemeinen in Deutschland geltenden Rechten
Creators: name: Unterholzner, Karl August Dominik
Publisher: name: unkn
Year: 2022

description: Ausführliche Entwickelung der gesammten Verjährungslehre aus den gemeinen in Deutschland geltenden Rechten
description: 2
Analysis of price incentives for cotton in Burkina Faso over the period 2005-2013
Creators: name: Ouédraogo, August Fernand
name: Barthélemy Lanos
name: Aparisi, Alban Mas
Publisher: name: Gates Open Research
Year: 2019

description: Analysis of price incentives for cotton in Burkina Faso over the period 2005-2013
Quellenmäßige Zusammenstellung der Lehre des römischen Rechts von den Schuldverhältnissen, mit Berücks. der heutigen Anwendung
Creators: name: Unterholzner, Karl August Dominik
Publisher: name: unkn
Year: 2022

description: Quellenmäßige Zusammenstellung der Lehre des römischen Rechts von den Schuldverhältnissen, mit Berücks. der heutigen Anwendung
description: 1
Probing the sheath electric field with a crystal lattice by using thermophoresis in dusty plasma
Creators: name: Land, Victor
name: Smith, Bernard
name: Matthews, Lorin
name: Hyde, Truell
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A two-dimensional dust crystal levitated in the sheath of a modified Gaseous Electronics Conference (GEC) reference cell is manipulated by heating or cooling the lower electrode. The dust charge is obtained by measuring global characteristics of the levitated crystal obtained from top-view pictures. From the force balance, the electric field in the sheath is reconstructed. From the Bohm criterion, we conclude that the dust crystal is levitated mainly above and just below the classical Bohm point.
Seismic risk assessment of energy pipelines under permanent ground deformation due to fault rupture
Creators: name: Dey, Sandip
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2021

description: This thesis entails developing analysis methods for evaluating seismic risk to oil and gas pipelines due to permanent ground deformation resulting from fault rupture. To address this, three modules are identified as core part of this research. Firstly, a finite element (FE) model for oil and gas pipeline crossing a seismic induced fault line is developed. Subsequently, uncertainty in input parameters is introduced in the developed FE model and analyzed in a multi-fidelity approach. Finally, probabilistic regional ground deformation due to fault rupture is assessed and integrated with the pipe-soil structural model. A detailed FE analysis technique to study the behavior of buried continuous pipelines crossing fault movements is developed and established with appropriate evaluations. A non-linear sand constitutive model is adopted and implemented in commercial FE package ABAQUS. The adopted material model is first evaluated using available tri-axial test results. This material model is thereafter suitably calibrated for a large-scale test based on direct shear soil test data for that experiment. The pipe-soil FE model is then evaluated against full-scale experimental results. Subsequently, structural response of a buried continuous steel pipeline undergoing fault rupture deformation is studied in a systematic manner. A detailed and efficient analysis framework for design of buried continuous steel pipelines crossing faults is proposed and explained with a case study using Taguchi method for design of experiments. Further to this, uncertainty in input parameters, such as pipe diameter, pipe wall thickness, young’s modulus, yield strength, ultimate strength, sand confining pressure, sand relative density, operating temperature and operating pressure is considered using a multi-fidelity approach which relies on analyses results from a small number of detailed structural analyses and large numbers of simplified structural analyses. The approach efficiently relies on both types of results to predict structural performance accurately considering uncertainty and variability in geometrical and material properties. Significant computational cost savings is achieved where by 500 analyses are completed using 15 minutes computational time low-fidelity (LF) models instead of 48 hours computational time high-fidelity (HF) models with a 3.20GHz eight-core processor with 32 GB RAM for 500 analyses. Finally, extension of the structural analysis framework to a regional scale is completed. This is done by calculating fault rupture induced regional ground displacements from available analytical techniques using probabilistic approaches and thereafter integrating it with the developed structural analysis uncertainty quantification framework.
Quellenmäßige Zusammenstellung der Lehre des römischen Rechts von den Schuldverhältnissen, mit Berücks. der heutigen Anwendung
Creators: name: Unterholzner, Karl August Dominik
Publisher: name: unkn
Year: 2022

description: Quellenmäßige Zusammenstellung der Lehre des römischen Rechts von den Schuldverhältnissen, mit Berücks. der heutigen Anwendung
description: 2
Partition function of the trigonometric SOS model with reflecting end
Creators: name: Filali, Ghali
name: Kitanine, Nikolai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the partition function of the trigonometric SOS model with one reflecting end and domain wall type boundary conditions. We show that in this case, instead of a sum of determinants obtained by Rosengren for the SOS model on a square lattice without reflection, the partition function can be represented as a single Izergin determinant. This result is crucial for the study of the Bethe vectors of the spin chains with non-diagonal boundary terms.
description: 13 pages, improved version
title: Atmospheric circulation, seasonal predictability and Britain’s energy system
Creators: name: Thornton, Hazel E
Publisher: name: University of Reading
Year: 2020

description: This PhD explores the influence of winter weather on the British energy system. It investigates the effect of weather variability on electricity and gas demand and on wind power generation. Weather-driven extremes of energy demand have a significant impact on the wider energy system, and therefore their risk is quantified and the driving circulation patterns identified. In addition, to potentially improve the energy sector’s preparedness for winter, the skill of seasonal weather forecasts to predict winter energy demand is assessed. The analysis indicates that energy demand has a strong anti-correlation with temperature, once socio-economic influences are removed. A 1 ◦C reduction in temperature typically gives a 1% increase in daily electricity demand and a 3%-4% increase in gas demand. The risk of extreme demand is assessed using a long temperature record and the modern-day temperature-demand relationship. For example, the risk of a winter having at least as much energy demand as December 2010 is estimated to be one in ∼34 years (95% confidence interval of 20-60 years). To assess the ability of wind turbines to provide power during high electricity demand, the relationship between wind power and demand is characterised. In winter, average wind power availability reduces by a third between lower and higher demand. However, during highest demand there is a modest recovery in wind power. This relationship is driven by the large-scale weather patterns affecting Northern Europe. During high demand events, neighbouring countries may struggle to provide additional capacity due to concurrent low temperatures and reduced wind power. Skilful predictions of winter mean gas demand and the number of extreme demand days over the winter period are possible from seasonal forecasts initialised in November. Use of such forecasts could help improve the security of gas supplies and reduce the impacts associated with extreme demand events.
title: Can a targeted intervention programme promote change in the educational aspirations, attitudes and beliefs of a group of underachieving white British disadvantaged girls?
Creators: name: Wilson, Charlotte
Publisher: name: University of Reading
Year: 2020

description: The gaps in academic standards between students receiving free school meals and their peers is significant. By the end of secondary school, the most disadvantaged students are on average two years of learning behind their better-off peers. Among girls, the difference is even more stark. These students often demonstrate weaker character/essential life skills such as a general lack of motivation, resilience and determination and have low attendance. The research centres on closing the attainment gaps for disadvantaged girls. The purpose is to investigate whether an intervention programme based upon research in the field of resilience could affect positive change in female students in order to impact upon their levels of achievement as well as their possible future aspirations, their resilience factors and retention at Sixth Form or College post Year 11. The thesis looks at the intrinsic factors that impact upon female students, such as values, motivations, aspirations and resilience, as well as extrinsic factors such as exam results, school, community and family. The research uses the Child and Youth Resilience Measure - 28 (CYRM28) and qualitative interviews to measure students’ resilience levels and attitudes to school, achieving and aspiration before and after an intervention programme. The intervention programme focuses on developing qualities and the protective factors that contribute to resilience such as developing problem solving skills, having at least one supportive adult they can turn to within school, helping students to formulate plans for the future and supporting others through volunteering and developing selfsoothing techniques. The findings from this research suggest that academic resilience does impact both positively and negatively upon academic achievement, attitudes to learning and as a result future life chances and aspirations. They also show that resilience is complex and can be developed given the right conditions but is also something that can decrease depending on situations, experiences and interactions which happen both in and out of school. It opens up possibilities for future research such as how schools could consider developing strategies to build resilience and develop students’ sense of identity and feelings of self-worth for a particular demographic who do not necessarily identify with a culture or belief system.
Event Excess in the MiniBooNE Search for $\bar ν_μ\rightarrow \bar ν_e$ Oscillations
Creators: name: The MiniBooNE Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The MiniBooNE experiment at Fermilab reports results from a search for $\bar ν_μ\rightarrow \bar ν_e$ oscillations, using a data sample corresponding to $5.66 \times 10^{20}$ protons on target. An excess of $20.9 \pm 14.0$ events is observed in the energy range $475
description: Revised abstract
Seminarium online: Polska i ��wiat po pandemii: sprawne zarz��dzanie pa��stwem i spo��ecze��stwem (Webinar: Poland and the World After the Pandemic: Efficient Management of the State and Society)
Creators: name: Klimczuk, Andrzej
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: A. Klimczuk, Seminarium online: Polska i świat po pandemii: sprawne zarządzanie państwem i społeczeństwem, Gazeta SGH, 11.05.2020, https://gazeta.sgh.waw.pl/?q=konferencje-debaty-spotkania/seminarium-line-polska-i-swiat-po-pandemii-sprawne-zarzadzanie-panstwem.
Additional file 1 of SPP1 is a prognostic related biomarker and correlated with tumor-infiltrating immune cells in ovarian cancer
Creators: name: Gao, Wen
name: Liu, Dongli
name: Sun, Haiyan
name: Shao, Zhuyan
name: Shi, Peipei
name: Li, Tingting
name: Yin, Sheng
name: Zhu, Tao
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Figure 1. The expression level of SPP1 in ovarian cancer in GEPIA. (A) The expression level of SPP1 in ovarian cancer and normal tissues. (B) Representative IHC images of SPP1 expression in ovarian cancer tissue. (C) Representative IHC images of SPP1 expression in normal ovarian tissue. Supplementary Figure 2. Correlation of SPP1 expression with tumor-infiltrating immune cells in various types of cancers via the TIMER database. Supplementary Figure 3. (A) Correlation of SPP1 expression and immune subtypes (C1: wound healing, C2: IFN-gamma dominant, C3: inflammatory, C4: lymphocyte depleted) in ovarian cancer. (B) Correlation of SPP1 expression and immune subtypes (differentiated, immunoreactive, mesenchymal, proliferative) in ovarian cancer. Supplementary Table 1. Correlation between SPP1 expression and patients’ clinical characteristics. Supplementary Table 2. Spearman correlations between expression of SPP1 and TILs of ovarian cancer in TISIDB. Supplementary Table 3. Spearman correlations between expression of SPP1 and Immunoinhibitors of ovarian cancer in TISIDB. Supplementary Table 4. Correlation analysis between SPP1 and relate genes and markers of immune cells in TIMER.
Eigenvalues of Laplacian with constant magnetic field on non-compact hyperbolic surfaces with finite area
Creators: name: Morame, Abderemane
name: Truc, Francoise
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a magnetic Laplacian $-Δ_A=(id+A)^\star (id+A)$ on a noncompact hyperbolic surface $\mM $ with finite area. $A$ is a real one-form and the magnetic field $dA$ is constant in each cusp. When the harmonic component of $A$ satifies some quantified condition, the spectrum of $-Δ_A$ is discrete. In this case we prove that the counting function of the eigenvalues of $-Δ_{A}$ satisfies the classical Weyl formula, even when $dA=0. $
Handbuch der Urgeschichte. Erster Band. Ältere und Mittlere Steinzeit, Jäger- und Sammlerkulturen. Herausgegeben von K. J. Narr
Creators: name: David, Nicholas C.
Publisher: name: Quartär – Internationales Jahrbuch zur Erforschung des Eiszeitalters und der Steinzeit
Year: 2021

description: Rezension zu: Handbuch der Urgeschichte. Erster Band. Ältere und Mittlere Steinzeit, Jäger- und Sammlerkulturen. Herausgegeben von K. J. Narr, mit Beiträgen von M. AImagro, H.-G. Bandi, J. Haeckel, G. Heberer, W. Hirschberg, J. Kälin, B. Klíma, G. Kurth, H. Müller-Beck, K. J. Narr, R. Schott, G. Siegmund und G. Schmolla. 516 Seiten, 104 Abbildungen und 22 Tafeln. Bern und München, Bern 1966.
description: Quartär – Internationales Jahrbuch zur Erforschung des Eiszeitalters und der Steinzeit, Bd. 18 (1967): Quartär. Internationales Jahrbuch zur Eiszeitalter- und Steinzeitforschung
A hot Jupiter orbiting the 1.7 Msun Subgiant HD102956
Creators: name: Johnson, John Asher
name: Bowler, Brendan P.
name: Howard, Andrew W.
name: Henry, Gregory W.
name: Marcy, Geoffrey W.
name: Isaacson, Howard
name: Brewer, John Michael
name: Fischer, Debra A.
name: Morton, Timothy D.
name: Crepp, Justin R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the detection of a giant planet in a 6.4950 day orbit around the 1.7 Msun subgiant HD102956. The planet has a semimajor axis a = 0.081 AU and minimum mass Msini = 0.96 Mjup. HD102956 is the most massive star known to harbor a hot Jupiter, and its planet is only the third known to orbit within 0.6 AU of a star more massive than 1.5 Msun. Based on our sample of 137 subgiants with M* > 1.45 Msun we find that 0.5-2.3% of A-type stars harbor a close-in planet (a < 0.1 AU) with Msini > 1 Mjup, consistent with hot-Jupiter occurrence for Sun-like stars. Thus, the paucity of planets with 0.1 < a/AU < 1.0 around intermediate-mass stars may be an exaggerated version of the "period valley" that is characteristic of planets around Sun-like stars.
description: ApJL, 721, L153. Title changed because ApJL does not publish papers that are part of a series
G. Laplace: Recherches sur l'origine et l'évolution des complexes leptolithiques
Creators: name: Sonneville-Bordes, Denise De
Publisher: name: Quartär – Internationales Jahrbuch zur Erforschung des Eiszeitalters und der Steinzeit
Year: 2021

description: Rezension zu: G. Laplace: Recherches sur l'origine et l'évolution des complexes leptolithiques. L'Ecole française de Rome, Mélanges d' Archéologie et d'Histoire, Suppléments 4, 586 p., 8 fig. et 23 diagrammes, et 23 tableaux et 25 planches hors-texte, Paris I966.
description: Quartär – Internationales Jahrbuch zur Erforschung des Eiszeitalters und der Steinzeit, Bd. 18 (1967): Quartär. Internationales Jahrbuch zur Eiszeitalter- und Steinzeitforschung
J. Augusta - Z. Burian: Das Buch von den Mammuten
Creators: name: Guenther, Ekke W.
Publisher: name: Quartär – Internationales Jahrbuch zur Erforschung des Eiszeitalters und der Steinzeit
Year: 2021

description: Rezension zu: J. Augusta - Z. Burian: Das Buch von den Mammuten. 59 S. mit 30 Bildern im Text und 19, meist farbigen Tafeln. (Deutsch von Ch. u. F. Kirschner.) Prag 1962.
description: Quartär – Internationales Jahrbuch zur Erforschung des Eiszeitalters und der Steinzeit, Bd. 18 (1967): Quartär. Internationales Jahrbuch zur Eiszeitalter- und Steinzeitforschung
To bite the hands that feed : control and competition in temporary foreign worker programs amidst a pandemic
Creators: name: Sevilla Valenzuela, Victor
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2021

description: Canada’s continuous reliance on temporary foreign workers to address its labour shortage and maintain its competitive advantage has resulted in a seasonal transnational workforce characterized by its precarious living and working conditions, cumulative legal disenfranchisement based on the lack of permanent status, and vulnerability to the ongoing pandemic. Despite the common portrayal of the Seasonal Agricultural Worker Program (SAWP) as a ‘model for migration management’ by governments and growers, a large body of academic publications has studied their precarious conditions in an attempt to explain the seeming contradiction between a highly-exploited workforce and the steady growth of willing participants. This project examines the exploitative practices embedded in the cycles of transmigration through a series of individual interviews with SAWP participants, scholars, and government officials. The central argument is that the differential treatment of migrant and citizen workers lies at the heart of the former’s precarity. It stems from the paradoxical promotion of human rights at the macro-level, while relying on an exploited workforce at the micro-level. The program creates mechanisms that keep workers in a state of continuous marginalization despite decades of participation in the program. The legal, subtle, and overt mechanisms that maintain workers in a continuous state of control and competition are among the key findings of this project. This project challenges the idealization of the SAWP by analyzing the main beneficiaries, its shortcomings, and its projected future. It presents a unique opportunity to reimagine temporary foreign worker programs and methodological nationalism in a globalized context.
Additional file 1 of Dental pulp cells cocultured with macrophages aggravate the inflammatory conditions stimulated by LPS
Creators: name: Wang, Min-Ching
name: Chang, Kuo-Wei
name: Lin, Shu-Chun
name: Hsu, Ling-Hsin
name: Hung, Pei-shih
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1.
Origin of the exotic electronic states in antiferromagnetic NdSb
Creators: name: Li, Peng
name: Li, Tongrui
name: Liao, Sen
name: Cao, Zhipeng
name: Xu, Rui
name: Wang, Yuzhe
name: Yao, Jianghao
name: Cui, Shengtao
name: Sun, Zhe
name: Wang, Yilin
name: Wan, Xiangang
name: Jiang, Juan
name: Feng, Donglai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using angle resolved photoemission spectroscopy measurements and first principle calculations, we report that the possible unconventional 2q antiferromagnetic (AFM) order in NdSb can induce unusual modulation on its electronic structure. The obvious extra bands observed in the AFM phase of NdSb are well reproduced by theoretical calculations, in which the Fermi-arc-like structures and sharp extra bands are originated from the in-gap surface states. However, they are demonstrated to be topological trivial. By tuning the chemical potential, the AFM phase of NdSb would go through a topological phase transition, realizing a magnetic topological insulator phase. Hence, our study sheds new light on the rare earth monopnictides for searching unusual AFM structure and the potential of intrinsic magnetic topological materials.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures
Supplementary document for Combined Theoretical and Experimental Study on Luminescence of Gd³+-Doped Silica Glass under Ionizing Radiation - 7366398.pdf
Creators: name: ZGHARI, Ismail
name: Morana, Adriana
name: HAMZAOUI, HICHAM EL
name: Capoen, Bruno
name: Cassez, Andy
name: Ouerdane, Youcef
name: Girard, Sylvain
name: Boukenter, Aziz
name: MADY, Franck
name: BENABDESSELAM, Mourad
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2025
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supplemental Document
Differential Conductance Measurements of MgB2-Based Josephson Junctions Below 1 Kelvin
Creators: name: Carabello, Steve
name: Lambert, Joseph
name: Mlack, Jerome
name: Ramos, Roberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnesium diboride has many intriguing characteristics, including its relatively high critical temperature and two-band nature. Most prior studies of MgB2 thin film Josephson junctions have been conducted above 2 Kelvin. We report results of sub-1 Kelvin experiments of MgB2/insulator/Pb junctions whose a-b plane is exposed for electron tunneling. By measuring differential conductance at low temperature, new details in the structure of the sigma- and pi-band gaps are observed in this data, consistent with theoretical predictions.
description: ASC 2010 Conference
Simplicial Hopfield networks
Creators: name: Burns, Thomas F
name: Fukai, Tomoki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: I.2; I.5; I.4; J.2; J.3
subject: 68T07, 92B20, 68T01, 00A69

description: Hopfield networks are artificial neural networks which store memory patterns on the states of their neurons by choosing recurrent connection weights and update rules such that the energy landscape of the network forms attractors around the memories. How many stable, sufficiently-attracting memory patterns can we store in such a network using $N$ neurons? The answer depends on the choice of weights and update rule. Inspired by setwise connectivity in biology, we extend Hopfield networks by adding setwise connections and embedding these connections in a simplicial complex. Simplicial complexes are higher dimensional analogues of graphs which naturally represent collections of pairwise and setwise relationships. We show that our simplicial Hopfield networks increase memory storage capacity. Surprisingly, even when connections are limited to a small random subset of equivalent size to an all-pairwise network, our networks still outperform their pairwise counterparts. Such scenarios include non-trivial simplicial topology. We also test analogous modern continuous Hopfield networks, offering a potentially promising avenue for improving the attention mechanism in Transformer models.
description: 36 pages, 7 figures, published as a conference paper at ICLR 2023
Effects of a space modulation on the behavior of a 1D alternating Heisenberg spin-1/2 model
Creators: name: Mahdavifar, Saeed
name: Abouie, Jahanfar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effects of a magnetic field ($h$) and a space modulation ($δ$) on the magnetic properties of a one dimensional antiferromagnetic-ferromagnetic Heisenberg spin-1/2 model have been studied by means of numerical exact diagonalization of finite size systems, nonlinear sigma model and bosonization approach. The space modulation is considered on the antiferromagnetic couplings. At $δ=0$, the model is mapped to a gapless Lüttinger liquid phase by increasing the magnetic field. However, the space modulation induces a new gap in the spectrum of the system and the system experiences different quantum phases which are separated by four critical fields. By opening the new gap a magnetization plateau appears at ${1/2}M_{sat}$. The effects of the space modulation are reflected in the emergence of a plateau in other physical functions such as the F-dimer and the bond dimer order parameters, and the pair-wise entanglement.
description: 19 pages, 9 figures, Accepted by Journal of Phys.: Condens. Matter
DeepFire2: A Convolutional Spiking Neural Network Accelerator on FPGAs
Creators: name: Aung, Myat Thu Linn
name: Gerlinghoff, Daniel
name: Qu, Chuping
name: Yang, Liwei
name: Huang, Tian
name: Goh, Rick Siow Mong
name: Luo, Tao
name: Wong, Weng-Fai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Hardware Architecture (cs.AR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Brain-inspired spiking neural networks (SNNs) replace the multiply-accumulate operations of traditional neural networks by integrate-and-fire neurons, with the goal of achieving greater energy efficiency. Specialized hardware implementations of those neurons clearly have advantages over general-purpose devices in terms of power and performance, but exhibit poor scalability when it comes to accelerating large neural networks. DeepFire2 introduces a hardware architecture which can map large network layers efficiently across multiple super logic regions in a multi-die FPGA. That gives more control over resource allocation and parallelism, benefiting both throughput and energy consumption. Avoiding the use of lookup tables to implement the AND operations of an SNN, prevents the layer size to be limited by logic resources. A deep pipeline does not only lead to an increased clock speed of up to 600 MHz. We double the throughput and power efficiency compared to our previous version of DeepFire, which equates to an almost 10-fold improvement over other previous implementations. Importantly, we are able to deploy a large ImageNet model, while maintaining a throughput of over 1500 frames per second.
V. Ložek: Quartärmollusken der Tschechoslowakei
Creators: name: Heller, Florian
Publisher: name: Quartär – Internationales Jahrbuch zur Erforschung des Eiszeitalters und der Steinzeit
Year: 2021

description: Rezension zu: V. Ložek: Quartärmollusken der Tschechoslowakei. 374 Seiten, 4 Beilagen, 91 Textabb., 32 Tafeln. Rozpravy Ústředniho ústavu geologického, 31, Praha 1964.
description: Quartär – Internationales Jahrbuch zur Erforschung des Eiszeitalters und der Steinzeit, Bd. 18 (1967): Quartär. Internationales Jahrbuch zur Eiszeitalter- und Steinzeitforschung
Phase transitions in a mechanical system coupled to Glauber spins
Creators: name: Prados, A.
name: Bonilla, L. L.
name: Carpio, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A harmonic oscillator linearly coupled with a linear chain of Ising spins is investigated. The $N$ spins in the chain interact with their nearest neighbours with a coupling constant proportional to the oscillator position and to $N^{-1/2}$, are in contact with a thermal bath at temperature $T$, and evolve under Glauber dynamics. The oscillator position is a stochastic process due to the oscillator-spin interaction which produces drastic changes in the equilibrium behaviour and the dynamics of the oscillator. Firstly, there is a second order phase transition at a critical temperature $T_c$ whose order parameter is the oscillator stable rest position: this position is zero above $T_c$ and different from zero below $T_c$. This transition appears because the oscillator moves in an effective potential equal to the harmonic term plus the free energy of the spin system at fixed oscillator position. Secondly, assuming fast spin relaxation (compared to the oscillator natural period), the oscillator dynamical behaviour is described by an effective equation containing a nonlinear friction term that drives the oscillator towards the stable equilibrium state of the effective potential. The analytical results are compared with numerical simulation throughout the paper.
description: 22 pages, 6 figures. Accepted version in JSTAT after major revision (abstract, introduction and beginning of section 4 have been rewritten; the rest of the paper is unchanged)
Unified description of fission in fusion and spallation reactions
Creators: name: Mancusi, Davide
name: Charity, Robert J.
name: Cugnon, Joseph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a statistical-model description of fission, in the framework of compound-nucleus decay, which is found to simultaneously reproduce data from both heavy-ion-induced fusion reactions and proton-induced spallation reactions at around 1 GeV. For the spallation reactions, the initial compound-nucleus population is predicted by the Liège Intranuclear Cascade Model. We are able to reproduce experimental fission probabilities and fission-fragment mass distributions in both reactions types with the same parameter sets. However, no unique parameter set was obtained for the fission probability. The introduction of fission transients can be offset by an increase of the ratio of level-density parameters for the saddle-point and ground-state configurations. Changes to the finite-range fission barriers could be offset by a scaling of the Bohr-Wheeler decay width as predicted by Kramers. The parameter sets presented allow accurate prediction of fission probabilities for excitation energies up to 300 MeV and spins up to 60 \hbar.
description: 16 pages, 20 figures. Submitted to Phys. Rev. C
A. Bronger: Lösse, ihre Verbraunungszonen und fossilen Böden, ein Beitrag zur Stratigraphie des oberen Pleistozäns in Südbaden
Creators: name: Gross, Hugo
Publisher: name: Quartär – Internationales Jahrbuch zur Erforschung des Eiszeitalters und der Steinzeit
Year: 2021

description: Rezension zu: A. Bronger: Lösse, ihre Verbraunungszonen und fossilen Böden, ein Beitrag zur Stratigraphie des oberen Pleistozäns in Südbaden. 104 S. mit 7 Tabellen, 7 Abb. u. Anhang mit 16 mikromorphologischen Photos. - Schr. Geogr. Inst. Kiel Bd. 24 H. 2, Kiel 1966.
description: Quartär – Internationales Jahrbuch zur Erforschung des Eiszeitalters und der Steinzeit, Bd. 18 (1967): Quartär. Internationales Jahrbuch zur Eiszeitalter- und Steinzeitforschung
Mitglieder der Hugo Obermaier-Gesellschaft (Stand vom April1967)
Creators: name: Redaktion, Die
Publisher: name: Quartär – Internationales Jahrbuch zur Erforschung des Eiszeitalters und der Steinzeit
Year: 2021

description: Quartär – Internationales Jahrbuch zur Erforschung des Eiszeitalters und der Steinzeit, Bd. 18 (1967): Quartär. Internationales Jahrbuch zur Eiszeitalter- und Steinzeitforschung
Voicify Your UI: Towards Android App Control with Voice Commands
Creators: name: Vu, Minh Duc
name: Wang, Han
name: Li, Zhuang
name: Haffari, Gholamreza
name: Xing, Zhenchang
name: Chen, Chunyang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Nowadays, voice assistants help users complete tasks on the smartphone with voice commands, replacing traditional touchscreen interactions when such interactions are inhibited. However, the usability of those tools remains moderate due to the problems in understanding rich language variations in human commands, along with efficiency and comprehensibility issues. Therefore, we introduce Voicify, an Android virtual assistant that allows users to interact with on-screen elements in mobile apps through voice commands. Using a novel deep learning command parser, Voicify interprets human verbal input and performs matching with UI elements. In addition, the tool can directly open a specific feature from installed applications by fetching application code information to explore the set of in-app components. Our command parser achieved 90\% accuracy on the human command dataset. Furthermore, the direct feature invocation module achieves better feature coverage in comparison to Google Assistant. The user study demonstrates the usefulness of Voicify in real-world scenarios.
Orbital density wave induced by electron-lattice coupling in orthorhombic iron pnictides
Creators: name: Liu, Da-Yong
name: Quan, Ya-Min
name: Chen, Dong-Meng
name: Zou, Liang-Jian
name: Lin, Hai-Qing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we explore the magnetic and orbital properties closely related to a tetragonal-orthorhombic structural phase transition in iron pnictides based on both two- and five-orbital Hubbard models. The electron-lattice coupling, which interplays with electronic interaction, is self-consistently treated. Our results reveal that the orbital polarization stabilizes the spin density wave (SDW) order in both tetragonal and orthorhombic phases. However, the ferro-orbital density wave (F-ODW) only occurs in the orthorhombic phase rather than in the tetragonal one. Magnetic moments of Fe are small in the intermediate Coulomb interaction region for the striped antiferromangnetic phase in the realistic five orbital model. The anisotropic Fermi surface in the SDW/ODW orthorhombic phase is well in agreement with the recent angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy experiments. These results suggest a scenario that the magnetic phase transition is driven by the ODW order mainly arising from the electron-lattice coupling.
description: 21 pages, 10 figures
Satzungen der Hugo Obermaier-Gesellschaft für Erforschung des Eiszeitalters und der Steinzeit
Creators: name: Redaktion, Die
Publisher: name: Quartär – Internationales Jahrbuch zur Erforschung des Eiszeitalters und der Steinzeit
Year: 2021

description: Quartär – Internationales Jahrbuch zur Erforschung des Eiszeitalters und der Steinzeit, Bd. 18 (1967): Quartär. Internationales Jahrbuch zur Eiszeitalter- und Steinzeitforschung
Die 11. Tagung der Hugo Obermaier-Gesellschaft 1966 in Regensburg mit Exkursion ins untere Altmühltal
Creators: name: Geer, Hans
name: Geer, Klaus
Publisher: name: Quartär – Internationales Jahrbuch zur Erforschung des Eiszeitalters und der Steinzeit
Year: 2021

description: Quartär – Internationales Jahrbuch zur Erforschung des Eiszeitalters und der Steinzeit, Bd. 18 (1967): Quartär. Internationales Jahrbuch zur Eiszeitalter- und Steinzeitforschung
Newton's gravitational coupling constant from a quantum of area
Creators: name: Klinkhamer, F. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A previous calculation of Newton's gravitational coupling constant G is generalized. This generalization makes it possible to have "atoms of two-dimensional space" with an integer dimension d_{atom} of the internal space, where the case d_{atom}=1 is excluded. Given the quantum of area l^2, the final formula for G is inversely proportional to the logarithm of the integer d_{atom}. The generalization used may be interpreted as a modification of the energy equipartition law of the microscopic degrees of freedom responsible for gravity, suggesting some form of long-range interaction between these degrees of freedom themselves.
description: 10 pages; v6: published version, but with typo in Eq. (8) corrected
Popularity Debiasing from Exposure to Interaction in Collaborative Filtering
Creators: name: Liu, Yuanhao
name: Cao, Qi
name: Shen, Huawei
name: Wu, Yunfan
name: Tao, Shuchang
name: Cheng, Xueqi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recommender systems often suffer from popularity bias, where popular items are overly recommended while sacrificing unpopular items. Existing researches generally focus on ensuring the number of recommendations exposure of each item is equal or proportional, using inverse propensity weighting, causal intervention, or adversarial training. However, increasing the exposure of unpopular items may not bring more clicks or interactions, resulting in skewed benefits and failing in achieving real reasonable popularity debiasing. In this paper, we propose a new criterion for popularity debiasing, i.e., in an unbiased recommender system, both popular and unpopular items should receive Interactions Proportional to the number of users who Like it, namely IPL criterion. Under the guidance of the criterion, we then propose a debiasing framework with IPL regularization term which is theoretically shown to achieve a win-win situation of both popularity debiasing and recommendation performance. Experiments conducted on four public datasets demonstrate that when equipping two representative collaborative filtering models with our framework, the popularity bias is effectively alleviated while maintaining the recommendation performance.
description: Published as a SIGIR'23 short paper