cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Higher cortical folding in the human frontal lobe predicts individual differences in long-term motor learning
Creators: name: Taubert, Marco
name: Ziegler, Gabriel
name: Lehmann, Nico
Publisher: name: Otto-von-Guericke-University, Library, Magdeburg, Germany
Year: 2023

description: Humans have successfully adapted to various challenging conditions in the past, circumstances that may have influenced the emergence of sophisticated learning mechanisms in the brain. Neuroanatomists have speculated about the impact of neocortical folding patterns on superior human performance, but their role remains unclear. Here we link neocortical folding in premotor regions to improved learning of a challenging new motor skill. Folding strongly predicted individual performance gains during practice. Gains mediated the effect of folding on superior performance. This finding was consistent across three sub-samples and reproducible across time. Higher cortical folding depended, in part, on larger cortical surface area, but not at the expense of lower cortical thickness or intra-cortical microstructure. Folding effects overlapped with practice-induced structural changes in premotor regions and with the prominence of tertiary sulci. Our results contradict the view that superior performances directly result from higher folding. Instead, superior performances emerge when high learning capabilities, reflected in part by larger and more convoluted cortices, can operate in fertile environments.
Time evolution of the Kondo resonance in response to a quench
Creators: name: Nghiem, H. T. M.
name: Costi, T. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the time evolution of the Kondo resonance in response to a quench by applying the time-dependent numerical renormalization group (TDNRG) approach to the Anderson impurity model in the strong correlation limit. For this purpose, we derive within TDNRG a numerically tractable expression for the retarded two-time nonequilibrium Green function $G(t+t',t)$, and its associated time-dependent spectral function, $A(ω,t)$, for times $t$ both before and after the quench. Quenches from both mixed valence and Kondo correlated initial states to Kondo correlated final states are considered. For both cases, we find that the Kondo resonance in the zero temperature spectral function, a preformed version of which is evident at very short times $t\to 0^{+}$, only fully develops at very long times $t\gtrsim 1/T_{\rm K}$, where $T_{\rm K}$ is the Kondo temperature of the final state. In contrast, the final state satellite peaks develop on a fast time scale $1/Γ$ during the time interval $-1/Γ\lesssim t \lesssim +1/Γ$, where $Γ$ is the hybridization strength. Initial and final state spectral functions are recovered in the limits $t\rightarrow -\infty$ and $t\rightarrow +\infty$, respectively. Our formulation of two-time nonequilibrium Green functions within TDNRG provides a first step towards using this method as an impurity solver within nonequilibrium dynamical mean field theory.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, the sum-rule problem at negative times in the first version is fixed, and supplementary material is added
Collégiale de Barjols, les chaisières numérotent les places en prévision des offices de la saint Marcel.
Creators: name: Musée National Des Arts Et Traditions Populaires (Paris)
name: Centre D'ethnologie Française
Publisher: name: École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales; Institut  interdisciplinaire d'anthropologie du contemporain (Paris); Laboratoire d'anthropologie et d'histoire de l'institution de la culture (Paris)
Year: 2024

Abstract
Density functional perturbation theory for gated two-dimensional heterostructures: Theoretical developments and application to flexural phonons in graphene
Creators: name: Sohier, Thibault
name: Calandra, Matteo
name: Mauri, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ability to perform first-principles calculations of electronic and vibrational properties of two-dimensional heterostructures in a field-effect setup is crucial for the understanding and design of next-generation devices. We present here an implementation of density functional perturbation theories tailored for the case of two-dimensional heterostructures in field-effect configuration. Key ingredients are the inclusion of a truncated Coulomb interaction in the direction perpendicular to the slab and the possibility of simulating charging of the slab via field-effects. With this implementation we can access total energies, force and stress tensors, the vibrational properties and the electron-phonon interaction. We demonstrate the relevance of the method by studying flexural acoustic phonons and their coupling to electrons in graphene doped by field-effect. In particular, we show that while the electron-phonon coupling to those phonons can be significant in neutral graphene, it is strongly screened and negligible in doped graphene, in disagreement with other recent first-principles reports. Consequently, the gate-induced coupling with flexural acoustic modes would not be detectable in transport measurements on doped graphene.
description: 23 pages, 11 figures
Electric Dipole Moments in Natural Supersymmetry
Creators: name: Nakai, Yuichiro
name: Reece, Matthew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss electric dipole moments (EDMs) in the framework of CP-violating natural supersymmetry (SUSY). Recent experimental results have significantly tightened constraints on the EDMs of electrons and of mercury, and substantial further progress is expected in the near future. We assess how these results constrain the parameter space of natural SUSY. In addition to our discussion of SUSY, we provide a set of general formulas for two-loop fermion EDMs, which can be applied to a wide range of models of new physics. In the SUSY context, the two-loop effects of stops and charginos respectively constrain the phases of $A_t μ$ and $M_2 μ$ to be small in the natural part of parameter space. If the Higgs mass is lifted to 125 GeV by a new tree-level superpotential interaction and soft term with CP-violating phases, significant EDMs can arise from the two-loop effects of $W$ bosons and tops. We compare the bounds arising from EDMs to those from other probes of new physics including colliders, $b \to s γ$, and dark matter searches. Importantly, improvements in reach not only constrain higher masses, but require the phases to be significantly smaller in the natural parameter space at low mass. The required smallness of phases sharpens the CP problem of natural SUSY model building.
description: 37 pages plus appendices, 16 figures; v2: journal version
Fourier Series of Gegenbauer-Sobolev Polynomials
Creators: name: Ciaurri, Óscar
name: Mínguez, Judit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 42A20 (Primary), 33C47 (Secondary)

description: We study the partial sum operator for a Sobolev-type inner product related to the classical Gegenbauer polynomials. A complete characterization of the partial sum operator in an appropriate Sobolev space is given. Moreover, we analyze the convergence of the partial sum operators.
Probabilistic inferences from conjoined to iterated conditionals
Creators: name: Sanfilippo, Giuseppe
name: Pfeifer, Niki
name: Over, David E.
name: Gilio, Angelo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 03b48, 60A99

description: There is wide support in logic, philosophy, and psychology for the hypothesis that the probability of the indicative conditional of natural language, $P(\textit{if } A \textit{ then } B)$, is the conditional probability of $B$ given $A$, $P(B|A)$. We identify a conditional which is such that $P(\textit{if } A \textit{ then } B)= P(B|A)$ with de Finetti's conditional event, $B|A$. An objection to making this identification in the past was that it appeared unclear how to form compounds and iterations of conditional events. In this paper, we illustrate how to overcome this objection with a probabilistic analysis, based on coherence, of these compounds and iterations. We interpret the compounds and iterations as conditional random quantities which, given some logical dependencies, may reduce to conditional events. We show how the inference to $B|A$ from $A$ and $B$ can be extended to compounds and iterations of both conditional events and biconditional events. Moreover, we determine the respective uncertainty propagation rules. Finally, we make some comments on extending our analysis to counterfactuals.
Collégiale de Barjols, Joséphine André, chaisière, attache une étiquette numérotée en prévision des offices de la saint Marcel.
Creators: name: Musée National Des Arts Et Traditions Populaires (Paris)
name: Centre D'ethnologie Française
Publisher: name: École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales; Institut  interdisciplinaire d'anthropologie du contemporain (Paris); Laboratoire d'anthropologie et d'histoire de l'institution de la culture (Paris)
Year: 2024

Abstract
Renormalized quark-antiquark Hamiltonian induced by a gluon mass ansatz in heavy-flavor QCD
Creators: name: Głazek, Stanisław D.
name: Gómez-Rocha, María
name: More, Jai
name: Serafin, Kamil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In response to the growing need for theoretical tools that can be used in QCD to describe and understand the dynamics of gluons in hadrons in the Minkowski space-time, the renormalization group procedure for effective particles (RGPEP) is shown in the simplest available context of heavy quarkonia to exhibit a welcome degree of universality in the first approximation it yields once one assumes that beyond perturbation theory gluons obtain effective mass. Namely, in the second-order terms, the Coulomb potential with Breit-Fermi spin couplings in the effective quark-antiquark component of a heavy quarkonium, is corrected in one-flavor QCD by a spin-independent harmonic oscillator term that does not depend on the assumed effective gluon mass or the choice of the RGPEP generator. The new generator we use here is much simpler than the ones used before and has the advantage of being suitable for studies of the effective gluon dynamics at higher orders than the second and beyond the perturbative expansion.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures, journal version
Macdonald Index and Chiral Algebra
Creators: name: Song, Jaewon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: For any 4d N=2 SCFT, there is a subsector described by a 2d chiral algebra. The vacuum character of the chiral algebra reproduces the Schur index of the corresponding 4d theory. The Macdonald index counts the same set of operators as the Schur index, but the former has one more fugacity than the latter. We conjecture a prescription to obtain the Macdonald index from the chiral algebra. The vacuum module admits a filtration, from which we construct an associated graded vector space. From this grading, we conjecture a notion of refined character for the vacuum module of a chiral algebra, which reproduces the Macdonald index. We test this prescription for the Argyres-Douglas theories of type $(A_1, A_{2n})$ and $(A_1, D_{2n+1})$ where the chiral algebras are given by Virasoro and su(2) affine Kac-Moody algebra. When the chiral algebra has more than one family of generators, our prescription requires a knowledge of the generators from the 4d.
description: 25 pages, v2: major revision. Clarified the prescription to get the Macdonald grading; v3: corrected hyperlinks to the references. To appear in JHEP
A ${\bf 1.4}$ deg${\bf ^2}$ blind survey for CII], CIII] and CIV at ${\bf z\sim0.7-1.5}$. I: nature, morphologies and equivalent widths
Creators: name: Stroe, Andra
name: Sobral, David
name: Matthee, Jorryt
name: Calhau, João
name: Oteo, Ivan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: While traditionally associated with active galactic nuclei (AGN), the properties of the CII] ($λ=2326$\,Å), CIII] ($λ,λ=1907,1909$\,Å) and CIV ($λ,λ=1549, 1551$\,Å) emission lines are still uncertain as large, unbiased samples of sources are scarce. We present the first blind, statistical study of CII], CIII] and CIV emitters at $z\sim0.68,1.05,1.53$, respectively, uniformly selected down to a flux limit of $\sim4\times10^{-17}$ erg s$^{-1}$ cm$^{-1}$ through a narrow band survey covering an area of $\sim1.4$ deg$^2$ over COSMOS and UDS. We detect 16 CII], 35 CIII] and 17 CIV emitters, whose nature we investigate using optical colours as well as HST, X-ray, radio and far infra-red data. We find that $z\sim0.7$ CII] emitters are consistent with a mixture of blue (UV slope $β=-2.0\pm0.4$) star forming galaxies with disky HST structure and AGN with Seyfert-like morphologies. Bright CII] emitters have individual X-ray detections as well as high average black hole accretion rates (BHAR) of $\sim0.1$ $M_{\odot}$ yr$^{-1}$. CIII] emitters at $z\sim1.05$ trace a general population of SF galaxies, with $β=-0.8\pm1.1$, a variety of optical morphologies, including isolated and interacting galaxies and low BHAR ($<0.02$ $M_{\odot}$ yr$^{-1}$). Our CIV emitters at $z\sim1.5$ are consistent with young, blue quasars ($β\sim-1.9$) with point-like optical morphologies, bright X-ray counterparts and large BHAR ($0.8$ $M_{\odot}$ yr$^{-1}$). We also find some surprising CII], CIII] and CIV emitters with rest-frame equivalent widths which could be as large as $50-100$ Å. AGN or spatial offsets between the UV continuum stellar disk and the line emitting regions may explain the large EW. These bright CII], CIII] and CIV emitters are ideal candidates for spectroscopic follow up to fully unveil their nature.
description: Accepted for publication to MNRAS. Comments welcome! 17 pages, 12 figures, 8 tables. Paper II can be found here: https://arxiv.org/abs/1704.01124
A population study of gaseous exoplanets
Creators: name: Tsiaras, A.
name: Waldmann, I. P.
name: Zingales, T.
name: Rocchetto, M.
name: Morello, G.
name: Damiano, M.
name: Karpouzas, K.
name: Tinetti, G.
name: McKemmish, L. K.
name: Tennyson, J.
name: Yurchenko, S. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present here the analysis of 30 gaseous extrasolar planets, with temperatures between 600 and 2400 K and radii between 0.35 and 1.9 $R_\mathrm{Jup}$. The quality of the HST/WFC3 spatially scanned data combined with our specialized analysis tools allow us to study the largest and most self-consistent sample of exoplanetary transmission spectra to date and examine the collective behavior of warm and hot gaseous planets rather than isolated case-studies. We define a new metric, the Atmospheric Detectability Index (ADI) to evaluate the statistical significance of an atmospheric detection and find statistically significant atmospheres around 16 planets out of the 30 analysed. For most of the Jupiters in our sample, we find the detectability of their atmospheres to be dependent on the planetary radius but not on the planetary mass. This indicates that planetary gravity plays a secondary role in the state of gaseous planetary atmospheres. We detect the presence of water vapour in all of the statistically detectable atmospheres, and we cannot rule out its presence in the atmospheres of the others. In addition, TiO and/or VO signatures are detected with 4$σ$ confidence in WASP-76 b, and they are most likely present in WASP-121 b. We find no correlation between expected signal-to-noise and atmospheric detectability for most targets. This has important implications for future large-scale surveys.
description: 14 pages, 12 figures, 3 tables, published in AJ
Optimal Subsampling for Large Sample Logistic Regression
Creators: name: Wang, HaiYing
name: Zhu, Rong
name: Ma, Ping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: For massive data, the family of subsampling algorithms is popular to downsize the data volume and reduce computational burden. Existing studies focus on approximating the ordinary least squares estimate in linear regression, where statistical leverage scores are often used to define subsampling probabilities. In this paper, we propose fast subsampling algorithms to efficiently approximate the maximum likelihood estimate in logistic regression. We first establish consistency and asymptotic normality of the estimator from a general subsampling algorithm, and then derive optimal subsampling probabilities that minimize the asymptotic mean squared error of the resultant estimator. An alternative minimization criterion is also proposed to further reduce the computational cost. The optimal subsampling probabilities depend on the full data estimate, so we develop a two-step algorithm to approximate the optimal subsampling procedure. This algorithm is computationally efficient and has a significant reduction in computing time compared to the full data approach. Consistency and asymptotic normality of the estimator from a two-step algorithm are also established. Synthetic and real data sets are used to evaluate the practical performance of the proposed method.
On extractable shared information
Creators: name: Rauh, Johannes
name: Banerjee, Pradeep Kr.
name: Olbrich, Eckehard
name: Jost, Jürgen
name: Bertschinger, Nils
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 94A15, 94A17

description: We consider the problem of quantifying the information shared by a pair of random variables $X_{1},X_{2}$ about another variable $S$. We propose a new measure of shared information, called extractable shared information, that is left monotonic; that is, the information shared about $S$ is bounded from below by the information shared about $f(S)$ for any function $f$. We show that our measure leads to a new nonnegative decomposition of the mutual information $I(S;X_1X_2)$ into shared, complementary and unique components. We study properties of this decomposition and show that a left monotonic shared information is not compatible with a Blackwell interpretation of unique information. We also discuss whether it is possible to have a decomposition in which both shared and unique information are left monotonic.
description: 12 pages, journal version
Correlations in magnitude series to assess nonlinearities: application to multifractal models and heartbeat fluctuations
Creators: name: Bernaola-Galvan, Pedro A.
name: Gomez-Extremera, Manuel
name: Romance, A. Ramon
name: Carpena, Pedro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The correlation properties of the magnitudes of a time series (sometimes called volatility) are associated with nonlinear and multifractal properties and have been applied in a great variety of fields. Here, we have obtained analytically the expression of the autocorrelation of the magnitude series of a linear Gaussian noise as a function of its correlation as well as several analytical relations involving them. For both, models and natural signals, the deviation from these equations can be used as an index of non-linearity that can be applied to relatively short records and that does not require the presence of scaling in the time series under study. We apply this approach to show that the heart-beat records during rest show higher non-linearities than the records of the same subject during moderate exercise. This behavior is also achieved on average for the analyzed set of 10 semiprofessional soccer players. This result agrees with the fact that other measures of complexity are dramatically reduced during exercise and can shed light on its relationship with the withdrawal of parasympathetic tone and/or the activation of sympathetic activity during physical activity.
description: Accepted for publication in PRE
Multiple phase separation in one-dimensional mixtures of mass- and population-imbalanced attractive Fermi gases
Creators: name: Chung, Sangwoo S.
name: Bolech, C. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the attractive Fermi mixture of a ${}^{6}\mathrm{Li}$-${}^{40}\mathrm{K}$ gas in one dimension using the continuous matrix product states variational ansatz and obtain the $T=0$ phase diagram. We predict an axial density profile that contains four distinct phases trapped induced along one-dimensional (1D) tubes, which is more intricate than those observed in 1D mass-balanced systems or in higher-dimensional gas clouds. The parameter regimes explored are realistic in view of possible future experiments. This an application of continuous matrix product states to a nonintegrable fermionic system.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
פסיכולוגיה ניסויית- יעל, נעמי ועידו
Creators: name: YAEL HADAR
name: Shapira, Ido
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Physical Sciences and Mathematics

description: מחקר זה בדק את ההשפעה של תוכן רגשי ואופן הצגתו על התנהגות אלטרואיסטית. התנהגות בה אדם מתעדף את טובת הזולת על טובתו האישית. המחקר בדק את ההשערה לפיה תוכן חיובי לעומת נטרלי יגביר התנהגות אלטרואיסטית וכי תוכן שיוצג בסרטון קצר יעורר יותר רגש לעומת תוכן שיוצג בטקסט ולכן ישפיע יותר על התנהגות אלטרואיסטית. הפרש זה בהתנהגות האלטרואיסטית יהיה גדול יותר כאשר יוצג תוכן חיובי. 48 נבדקים מעל גיל 18 חולקו לארבעת תנאי הניסוי: סרטון חיובי, טקסט חיובי, סרטון נטרלי וטקסט נטרלי. הנבדקים צפו בתוכן ולאחר מכן ענו על שאלון המודד התנהגות אלטרואיסטית. בהתאם להשערת המחקר, נמצא כי משתתפים שנחשפו לתוכן חיובי קיבלו ציונים גבוהים יותר בשאלון, בהשוואה לאלו שנחשפו לתוכן ניטרלי. עם זאת, אופן הצגת התוכן, לא השפיע על מדד ההתנהגות האלטרואיסטית ובהתאם ההבדל במדד האלטרואיזם לאחר צפיה בסרטון למול טקסט לא היה גדול יותר בתנאי החיובי לעומת הנטרלי. הממצאים תומכים במחקרים קודמים הקושרים רגשות חיוביים להתנהגות אלטרואיסטית. המחקר מדגיש את החשיבות של יצירת רגשות חיוביים לקידום התנהגות אלטרואיסטית ולהשפעה שיש לתוכן אליו נחשפים. ההשלכות של המחקר מצביעות על כך שתוכן מדיה יכול לעצב התנהגות חברתית, תוך שימת דגש על הצורך של אנשים להיות מודעים להשפעות התוכן בו נתקלים בחייהם.
Emojis and the Neoliberal Coding of Diversity
Creators: name: Heidari, Amin
Publisher: name: On_Culture
Year: 2022

description: This article focuses on the representation of ethnic diversity in multicultural emojis. Multicultural emojis are interpreted in this study as a neoliberal representation of diversity that has reincorporated white supremacist ideology traits, namely color classification, and the Vitruvian Man body design. Thus, I argue that multicultural emojis primarily reflect a typical Western worldview which supports a Eurocentric monoculturalism. Multicultural emojis can, therefore, be interpreted as serving as a set of body depictions whose façade shows diversity while keeping the privilege of the Caucasian body at its core. In the context of this article, code refers to both formulation in the form of symbols and signs, and the signs and signals of communication. The neoliberal coding of the human body, then, highlights how the human body is translated into neoliberal signals or symbols. Neoliberalism values a global market and embraces diversity within this rationale. I argue that instead of trying to eliminate racism by valuing diverse identities equally, neoliberalism lays the ground for the assimilation of diversity into the Western model of subjectivity, which, at its best, offers partial and biased perspectives. To discuss my point, I investigate two visual codes of multicultural emojis: color categorization and the Vitruvian Man body template. I propose that different ethnicities are displayed in emojis through a Jim Crow-type segregative mindset, which defines identity as ‘color.’ At the heart of this thinking, one can find the association of ‘whiteness’ with pureness, and ‘blackness’ with evilness. Second, the body template in multicultural emojis is limited to a Western body-drawing tradition rooted in the sketches of the Vitruvian Man; an illustration that has traditionally represented the Caucasian body model against whose proportions the body of others should be measured and considered normal/abnormal.
description: On_Culture, No 14 (2022): Codes
Mapping the Scientific and Policy Landscape of Personalized Medicine in Africa- EU-Africa PerMed report
Creators: name: Sela, Erika
name: Guinea, Joaquín
name: Radwan, Amr
name: Kamau, Lynette
name: Gitau, Evelyn
name: Nyawira, Teresia
name: Onsaringo, Mary
name: Njambi Musembi, Charity
name: Mia, Rizwana
name: Mulima, Nomsa
name: Moiloa, Nthabiseng
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Personalised Medicine, Africa, scientific mapping, policy, genomics

description: This report is produced within the framework of the EU-Africa PerMED project, an EU funded project with grant agreement no.964333 and entitled "Building links between Europe and Africa in personalized medicine". This report responds to an evident need for insightful scientific and policy mapping of African competencies, collaboration capacities, capabilities and existing needs in addition to the identification of supporting policies and programmes for Personalised Medicine in Africa. The aim of the report, through a scientific mapping process, is to enhance the understanding of the foundations, themes and trends of Personalized Medicine in Africa, as well as identify collaborations capacities, key actors and areas of mutual interest between African countries and European institutions. While through policy mapping, the report aims to identify policies and programmes in African countries supporting and promoting health research and innovation and highlight the specific policies, programmes and initiatives that support Personalised Medicine activities including research projects, training, infrastructure, innovation, the industry already present or operational.
description: Precision medicine,
A Lagrangian Gauss-Newton-Krylov Solver for Mass- and Intensity-Preserving Diffeomorphic Image Registration
Creators: name: Mang, Andreas
name: Ruthotto, Lars
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 68U10, 49J20, 35Q93, 65M32, 76D55, 65K10

description: We present an efficient solver for diffeomorphic image registration problems in the framework of Large Deformations Diffeomorphic Metric Mappings (LDDMM). We use an optimal control formulation, in which the velocity field of a hyperbolic PDE needs to be found such that the distance between the final state of the system (the transformed/transported template image) and the observation (the reference image) is minimized. Our solver supports both stationary and non-stationary (i.e., transient or time-dependent) velocity fields. As transformation models, we consider both the transport equation (assuming intensities are preserved during the deformation) and the continuity equation (assuming mass-preservation). We consider the reduced form of the optimal control problem and solve the resulting unconstrained optimization problem using a discretize-then-optimize approach. A key contribution is the elimination of the PDE constraint using a Lagrangian hyperbolic PDE solver. Lagrangian methods rely on the concept of characteristic curves that we approximate here using a fourth-order Runge-Kutta method. We also present an efficient algorithm for computing the derivatives of final state of the system with respect to the velocity field. This allows us to use fast Gauss-Newton based methods. We present quickly converging iterative linear solvers using spectral preconditioners that render the overall optimization efficient and scalable. Our method is embedded into the image registration framework FAIR and, thus, supports the most commonly used similarity measures and regularization functionals. We demonstrate the potential of our new approach using several synthetic and real world test problems with up to 14.7 million degrees of freedom.
description: code available at: https://github.com/C4IR/FAIR.m/tree/master/add-ons/LagLDDMM
Codes Colliding in Connective Cultures
Creators: name: Flinterud, Guro
Publisher: name: On_Culture
Year: 2022

description: Over the last decade, Twitter has become one of the main communication channels for the Norwegian Police Service about ongoing events. Every police district has an official Twitter account staffed from their emergency control rooms. This utilization of a commercial web-based platform with a broad reach within the population has changed the presence of the police in the public in significant yet subtle ways, as a phenomenon where programmatic code, semiotic codes, and formal and implicit codes of conduct meet. This article provides a re-conceptualization of code as a hybrid analytical concept within a material-discursive framework. It explores how the materiality of technologies—the codes that materialize social media platforms—are integral in shaping our discursive landscapes. In what ways can the concept of codes elucidate the entanglements that create cultural phenomena in connective cultures? The empirical ground for this exploration is based on a combination of computational and qualitative close reading of tweets made by the Norwegian police from September 2011 to August 2021, and analysis of media texts and governmental documents.
description: On_Culture, No 14 (2022): Codes
Bose - Einstein condensation of triplons with a weakly broken U(1) symmetry
Creators: name: Khudoyberdiev, Asliddin
name: Rakhimov, Abdulla
name: Schilling, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The low-temperature properties of certain quantum magnets can be described in terms of a Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) of magnetic quasiparticles (triplons). Some mean-field approaches (MFA) to describe these systems, based on the standard grand canonical ensemble, do not take the anomalous density into account and leads to an internal inconsistency, as it has been shown by Hohenberg and Martin, and may therefore produce unphysical results. Moreover, an explicit breaking of the U(1) symmetry as observed, for example, in TlCuCl3 makes the application of MFA more complicated. In the present work, we develop a self-consistent MFA approach, similar to the Hartree-Fock-Bogolyubov approximation in the notion of representative statistical ensembles, including the effect of a weakly broken U(1) symmetry. We apply our results on experimental data of the quantum magnet TlCuCl3 and show that magnetization curves and the energy dispersion can be well described within this approximation assuming that the BEC scenario is still valid. We predict that the shift of the critical temperature Tc due to a finite exchange anisotropy is rather substantial even when the anisotropy parameter γis small, e.g., ΔT_c \approx 10%$ of Tc in H = 6T and for γ\approx 4 μeV.
description: Revised version
Abjectivity
Creators: name: Hill, Amy Lynne
Publisher: name: On_Culture
Year: 2022

description: The selfie has emerged as one of the most globally recognizable images and is embroiled in both popular culture and scholarly debates, without a consensus in sight. It is one of the foremost ways in which individuals decode expectations of hegemonic subjectivity and encode their identities in accordance with or subversion of those codes as determined by the many intricacies of the selfie. I argue that we approach selfies as a mediated extension of the practices and power matrices which inscribe and materialize our subjectivity, and that the ambiguity of such digital self-portraits is not a bug, but rather a crucial feature of this digital social code: it is evidence of the abject, a vital part of our subjectivity. I build my analysis on Judith Butler’s engagement with sociologist Erving Goffman and philosopher Julia Kristeva, and Ace Lehner’s seminal selfie theory. Using examples of trans-identifying Instagram influencers, I present an understanding of the selfie that allows individuals to powerfully mobilize the selfie to challenge and disrupt oppressive codes of subjectivity.
description: On_Culture, No 14 (2022): Codes
On the Wasserstein Median of Probability Measures
Creators: name: You, Kisung
name: Shung, Dennis
name: Giuffrè, Mauro
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Computational Biology

description: The primary choice to summarize a finite collection of random objects is by using measures of central tendency, such as mean and median. In the field of optimal transport, the Wasserstein barycenter corresponds to the Fréchet or geometric mean of a set of probability measures, which is defined as a minimizer of the sum of squared distances to each element in a given set with respect to the Wasserstein distance of order 2. We introduce the Wasserstein median as a robust alternative to the Wasserstein barycenter. The Wasserstein median corresponds to the Fréchet median under the 2-Wasserstein metric. The existence and consistency of the Wasserstein median are first established, along with its robustness property. In addition, we present a general computational pipeline that employs any recognized algorithms for the Wasserstein barycenter in an iterative fashion and demonstrate its convergence. The utility of the Wasserstein median as a robust measure of central tendency is demonstrated using real and simulated data.
The Aesthetics of Codes in Grounded Theory Research
Creators: name: Halatcheva-Trapp, Maya
Publisher: name: On_Culture
Year: 2022

description: The essay approaches research as an aesthetic practice that involves not only rational-cognitive experiences but also bodily-sensory and affective ones. I outline this assumption using the example of interpretation processes in Grounded Theory research. Here, the analysis of empirical data takes place in the circular process of elaborating codes and categories and aims to develop an empirically based theory. Codes in Grounded Theory research are both analytically condensed and condensing constructs themselves, as they are produced in a co-constructive process that takes place between the researchers and the data. The process of coding thus also implies a relational level—the relationship between the researchers and the field of research, represented by the data—and is characterized by emotions, feelings and bodily-sensory perceptions that shape the production of knowledge about this very field. The codes condense aesthetic experiences, making them available on a discursive and a (self-)reflexive level all at once. Therefore, the article applies the question ‘What do we do with codes?’ to the practice of qualitative social research and seeks to answer it from an aestheticizing perspective, focusing on subjectivity and its epistemological potential.
description: On_Culture, No 14 (2022): Codes
Dimension-Dependent Stimulated Radiative Interaction of a Single Electron Quantum Wavepacket
Creators: name: Gover, Avraham
name: Pan, Yiming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the foundation of quantum mechanics, the spatial dimensions of electron wavepacket are understood only in terms of an expectation value - the probability distribution of the particle location. One can still inquire how the quantum electron wavepacket size affects a physical process. Here we address the fundamental physics problem of particle-wave duality and the measurability of a free electron quantum wavepacket. Our analysis of stimulated radiative interaction of an electron wavepacket, accompanied by numerical computations, reveals two limits. In the quantum regime of long wavepacket size relative to radiation wavelength, one obtains only quantum-recoil multiphoton sidebands in the electron energy spectrum. In the opposite regime, the wavepacket interaction approaches the limit of classical point-particle acceleration. The wavepacket features can be revealed in experiments carried out in the intermediate regime of wavepacket size commensurate with the radiation wavelength.
description: 33 pages, 5 figures, supplementary materials with figures and videos
Beyond Persuasion: Propaganda as Signaling in Chinese Public-Schools
Creators: name: Shannahan, Nevada
Publisher: name: University of Chicago
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Propaganda
subject: CCP
subject: Public-Schools
subject: Hong Kong
subject: Xinjiang
subject: Propaganda as Signaling

description: What powers do propaganda have beyond persuasion, and what legislative infrastructure has been implemented in modern China do develop this power? This paper is an analysis of the systematic implementation of cultural symbolism through the theoretical lens of propaganda as signaling to investigate how patriotic education is systematically instituted in public primary, secondary, and high schools to target “troublesome” groups such as student protestors after Tiananmen Square following the pro-democracy student movement in 1989, Uyghur groups in Xinjiang following the 2009 conflict with Uyghur ethnic minorities, and students involved in the ongoing protests in Hong Kong since the handover from the United Kingdom in 1997. While there is a concerted effort on the part of the CCP to utilize symbolism to foster and develop a sense of a Chinese national identity or Zhōngguó shēnfèn (中國身份), this implementation of propaganda also has the effect of repressing those who hold differences of opinion by signaling the party’s strength, and quelling public signals of those who would mobilize opposition. Though often dismissed as irrelevant by scholars in the post-Ideological world, a growing body of scholarship argues that propaganda can be powerful even when it is not persuasive. To understand this power, this paper will implement the theoretical model of propaganda as signaling investigating the manner in which state crafted symbolism is manipulated in public-schools to propagate symbols to students. This paper will further investigate how students are then themselves turned into cultural symbols in China. Given the limitations of the context in which this work is constructed, this paper is not an empirical analysis of the ramifications of propaganda as signaling in schools, but an analysis of the political infrastructure that has been developed within China to construct nationalism, and repress rebelliousness in schools.
Influence of aerosols, clouds, and sunglint on polarization spectra of Earthshine
Creators: name: Emde, Claudia
name: Buras-Schnell, Robert
name: Sterzik, Michael
name: Bagnulo, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ground-based observations of the Earthshine, i.e., the light scattered by Earth to the Moon, and then reflected back to Earth, simulate space observations of our planet and represent a powerful benchmark for the studies of Earth-like planets. Earthshine spectra are strongly linearly polarized, owing to scattering by molecules and small particles in the atmosphere of the Earth and surface reflection, and may allow us to measure global atmospheric and surface properties of planet Earth. Aims. We aim to interpret already published spectropolarimetric observations of the Earthshine by comparing them with new radiative transfer model simulations including a fully realistic three-dimensional (3D) surface-atmosphere model for planet Earth. We used the highly advanced Monte Carlo radiative transfer model MYSTIC to simulate polarized radiative transfer in the atmosphere of the Earth without approximations regarding the geometry, taking into account the polarization from surface reflection and multiple scattering by molecules, aerosol particles, cloud droplets, and ice crystals. We have shown that Earth spectropolarimetry is highly sensitive to all these input parameters, and we have presented simulations of a fully realistic Earth atmosphere-surface model including 3D cloud fields and two-dimensional (2D) surface property maps. Our modeling results show that scattering in high ice water clouds and reflection from the ocean surface are crucial to explain the continuum polarization at longer wavelengths as has been reported in Earthshine observations taken at the Very Large Telescope in 2011 (3.8 % and 6.6 % at 800 nm, depending on which part of Earth was visible from the Moon at the time of the observations). We found that the relatively high degree of polarization of 6.6 % can be attributed to light reflected by the ocean surface in the sunglint region.
Towards Standardization of Prakriti Evaluation: A Scoping Review Protocol of Modern Assessment Tools and Their Psychometric Properties in Ayurvedic Medicine
Creators: name: ANKIT GUPTA
Publisher: name: OSF Registries
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Alternative and Complementary Medicine
subject: Diagnosis
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment
subject: Assessment Tools
subject: Ayurveda Diagnosis
subject: Machine Learning Algorithm
subject: Naadi Devices
subject: Prakriti
subject: Questionnaires

description: This scoping review aims to identify and describe the psychometric properties of modern assessment tools used in Ayurveda for evaluating Prakriti, the individual constitution in Ayurvedic medicine. The review follows a five-stage methodology framework, including research question formulation, identification of relevant studies, study selection, data charting, and collation and summarization of results. A total of 30 studies were included in the review, covering questionnaires, algorithm-based tools, and devices for Prakriti assessment. The review discusses limitations in scoring patterns, psychometric properties, standardization, and questionnaire validation, and highlights the potential of machine learning algorithms for Prakriti assessment. The importance of validated and user-friendly tools, further research on psychometric properties, and adaptation of tools for different cultural contexts are emphasized. The review contributes to the development of more effective and standardized methods for Prakriti evaluation in Ayurveda, addressing existing gaps in the literature.
test from 1990 to 2023
Creators: name: Chang, Yanpeng
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 350202
subject: Finance
classificationCode: 350204
subject: Financial institutions (incl. banking)

description: A comprehensive and sufficient database serves as a fundamental foundation for measuring and managing operational risk, the third major risk encountered by banks following credit risk and market risk. However, due to data privacy protection, the insufficient manual collection and delayed updates, etc., a publicly accessible operational risk database for risk analysis is currently lacking. This study proposes a new data collection framework by aggregating text mining methods and constructs one of the largest and most comprehensive external databases of cross-institution operational risk in China. Encompassing 3,723 operational risk events in Chinese commercial banks from 1990 to 2023, the database comprises 17 fields such as occurrence time, loss amount and business lines, providing a more comprehensive description of operational risk events. The loss severity and frequency of events within the database manifest characteristics that align with the findings in existing operational risk data research. We anticipate the constructed new database will contribute to advancements in operational risk capital calculations, event dependence analysis, textual analysis and institutional internal controls.
Ergodic and localized regions in quantum spin glasses on the Bethe lattice
Creators: name: Mossi, Gianni
name: Scardicchio, Antonello
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By considering the quantum dynamics of a transverse field Ising spin glass on the Bethe lattice we find the existence of a many body localized region at small transverse field and low temperature. The region is located within the thermodynamic spin glass phase. Accordingly, we conjecture that quantum dynamics inside the glassy region is split in a small MBL and a large delocalized (but not necessarily ergodic) region. This has implications for the analysis of the performance of quantum adiabatic algorithms.
description: 19 pages, 6 figures. Invited paper for the issue on Breakdown of ergodicity in quantum systems: from solids to synthetic matter of Philosophical Transactions A of the Royal Society
Barjols, domicile de Marius Fabre, détail de la crèche de Noël avec les santons.
Creators: name: Musée National Des Arts Et Traditions Populaires (Paris)
name: Centre D'ethnologie Française
Publisher: name: École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales; Institut  interdisciplinaire d'anthropologie du contemporain (Paris); Laboratoire d'anthropologie et d'histoire de l'institution de la culture (Paris)
Year: 2024

Abstract
Tropical compound matrix identities
Creators: name: Akian, Marianne
name: Gaubert, Stephane
name: Niv, Adi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 15A15 (Primary), 15A09, 15A18, 15A24, 15A29, 15A75, 15A80, 15B99

description: We prove identities on compound matrices in extended tropical semirings. Such identities include analogues to properties of conjugate matrices, powers of matrices and~$\adj(A)\det(A)^{ -1}$, all of which have implications on the eigenvalues of the corresponding matrices. A tropical Sylvester-Franke identity is provided as well.
description: The first two authors have been partially supported by the PGMO Program of FMJH and EDF, and by the MALTHY Project of the ANR Program. This work was performed when the third author was with INRIA Saclay--\^Ile-de-France and CMAP, Ecole polytechnique, and it was supported by the French Chateaubriand grant and INRIA postdoctoral fellowship