cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Dynamic second-order hyperpolarizabilities of Si2C and Si3C clusters using coupled cluster singles-and-doubles response approach
Creators: name: Lan, You-Zhao
name: Feng, Yun-Long
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the dynamic second-order hyperpolarizabilities γ(-3ω; ω, ω, ω) (indicated by γTHG) of the Si2C and Si3C clusters using the highly accurate coupled cluster singles-and-doubles (CCSD) response approach. The static γ values of the Si2C and Si3C clusters are 1.99 \times 10-35 and 3.16 \times 10-35 esu, respectively. Similar to the α values, the γ values of the Si2C and Si3C clusters are smaller than those of the Si3 and Si4 clusters, respectively, which is related to much smaller static γ value of the C atom than the Si atom.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures, 3 tables
Classification of three-family flavoured DFSZ axion models that have no domain wall problem
Creators: name: Cox, Peter
name: Dolan, Matthew J.
name: Hayat, Maaz
name: Thamm, Andrea
name: Volkas, Raymond R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide an exhaustive classification of three-family DFSZ axion models that have no cosmological domain wall problem. This result is obtained by making the Peccei-Quinn symmetry flavour dependent in certain specific ways, thus reinforcing a possible connection between the strong CP problem and the flavour puzzle. Known DFSZ flavour variants such as the top-specific model emerge as special cases. Key features of the phenomenology of these models are briefly discussed.
description: 20 pages, 3 tables, v2: references added, journal version
Cosmology with Mirror Dark Matter
Creators: name: Ciarcelluti, Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Mirror matter is a stable self-collisional dark matter candidate. If parity is a conserved unbroken symmetry of nature, there could exist a parallel hidden (mirror) sector of the Universe composed of particles with the same masses and obeying the same physical laws as our (visible) sector, except for the opposite handedness of weak interactions. The two sectors interact predominantly via gravity, therefore mirror matter is naturally "dark". Here I review the cosmological signatures of mirror dark matter, concerning thermodynamics of the early Universe, Big Bang nucleosynthesis, primordial structure formation and evolution, cosmic microwave background and large scale structure power spectra. Besides gravity, the effects on primordial nucleosynthesis of the kinetic mixing between photons and mirror photons are considered. Summarizing the present status of research and comparing theoretical results with observations/experiments, it emerges that mirror matter is not just a viable, but a promising dark matter candidate.
description: 80 pages, 31 figures; invited review for Int.J.Mod.Phys.D
JWST NIRCam Photometry: A Study of Globular Clusters Surrounding Bright Elliptical Galaxy VV 191a at z=0.0513
Creators: name: Berkheimer, Jessica M.
name: Carleton, Timothy
name: Windhorst, Rogier A.
name: Keel, William C.
name: Holwerda, Benne W.
name: Nonino, Mario
name: Cohen, Seth H.
name: Jansen, Rolf A.
name: Coe, Dan
name: Conselice, Christopher J.
name: Driver, Simon P.
name: Frye, Brenda L.
name: Grogin, Norman A.
name: Koekemoer, Anton M.
name: Lucas, Ray
name: Marshall, Madeline A.
name: Pirzkal, Nor
name: Robertson, Clayton
name: Robotham, Aaron
name: Ryan, Russell E.
name: Smith, Brent M.
name: Summers, Jake
name: Tompkins, Scott
name: Willmer, Christopher N. A.
name: Yan, Haojing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: James Webb Space Telescope NIRCam images have revealed 154 reliable globular cluster (GC) candidates around the $z = 0.0513$ elliptical galaxy VV~191a after subtracting 34 likely interlopers from background galaxies inside our search area. NIRCam broadband observations are made at 0.9-4.5 $μ$m using the F090W, F150W, F356W, and F444W filters. Using PSF-matched photometry, the data are analyzed to present color-magnitude diagrams (CMDs) and color distributions that suggest a relatively uniform population of GCs, except for small fractions of reddest (5-8%) and bluest (2-4%) outliers. GC models in the F090W vs. (F090-F150W) diagram fit the NIRCam data well and show that the majority of GCs detected have a mass of approximately $\sim$$10^{6.5}$$M_{\odot}$, with metallicities [Fe/H] spanning the typical range expected for GCs (-2.5$\le$ [Fe/H]$\le$ 0.5). However, the models predict $\sim$0.3-0.4 mag bluer (F356W-F444W) colors than the NIRCam data for a reasonable range of GC ages, metallicities, and reddening. Although our data does not quite reach the luminosity function turnover, the measured luminosity function is consistent with previous measurements, suggesting an estimated peak at $m_{\rm AB}$$\sim$-9.4 mag, $\pm$0.2 mag in the F090W filter.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures
Improving the Resolution and Throughput of Achromatic Talbot Lithography
Creators: name: Kazazis, Dimitrios
name: Tseng, Li-Ting
name: Ekinci, Yasin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High-resolution patterning of periodic structures over large areas has several applications in science and technology. One such method, based on the long-known Talbot effect observed with diffraction gratings, is achromatic Talbot lithography (ATL). This method offers many advantages over other techniques, such as high resolution, large depth of focus, high throughput, etc. Although the technique has been studied in the past, its limits have not yet been explored. Increasing the efficiency and the resolution of the method is essential and might enable many applications in science and technology. In this work, we combine this technique with spatially coherent and quasi-monochromatic light at extreme ultraviolet (EUV) wavelengths and explore new mask design schemes in order to enhance its throughput and resolution. We report on simulations of various mask designs in order to explore their efficiency. Advanced and optimized nanofabrication techniques have to be utilized to achieve high quality and efficient masks for ATL. Exposures using coherent EUV radiation from the Swiss light source (SLS) have been performed, pushing the resolution limits of the technique for dense hole or dot patterning down to 40 nm pitch. In addition, through extensive simulations, alternative mask designs with rings instead of holes are explored for the efficient patterning of hole/dot arrays. We show that these rings exhibit similar aerial images to hole arrays, while enabling higher efficiency and thereby increased throughput for ATL exposures. The mask designs with rings show that they are less prone to problems associated with pattern collapse during the nanofabrication process and therefore are promising for achieving higher resolution.
ПРОИЗВОДСТВО ДОПРОСА ГРАЖДАНСКИХ ИСТЦОВ И ГРАЖДАНСКИХ ОТВЕТЧИКОВ В УГОЛОВНОМ СУДОПРОИЗВОДСТВЕ
Creators: name: ОСОДОЕВА НАТАЛИЯ ВАСИЛЬЕВНА
Publisher: name: Государственная служба и кадры
Year: 2020
Subjects: ДОПРОС
ГРАЖДАНСКИЙ ИСТЕЦ
ГРАЖДАНСКИЙ ОТВЕТЧИК
ПОТЕРПЕВШИЙ
ОБВИНЯЕМЫЙ
СУДЕБНОЕ ЗАСЕДАНИЕ
INTERROGATION
CIVIL PLAINTIFF
CIVIL DEFENDANT
VICTIM
ACCUSED
COURT SESSION

description: В статье рассматриваются проблемы, связанные с производством допроса гражданских истцов и гражданских ответчиков. Действующее уголовно-процессуальное законодательство в ст. 74 УПК РФ закрепило перечень доказательств. Из указанной нормы закона следует, что показания гражданских истцов и гражданских ответчиков в уголовном процессе не являются доказательствами по уголовному делу. В связи с этим в теории уголовного процесса не существует однозначного вывода о возможности допроса гражданских истцов и гражданских ответчиков, о доказательственном значении показаний указанных лиц и о том, в качестве кого их следует допрашивать. В статье анализируются судебная практика, мнения ученых по указанной проблеме. Обосновывается позиция, что в уголовном судопроизводстве можно допрашивать гражданских истцов и гражданских ответчиков в рамках своего процессуального статуса. Автор убежден, что должностное лицо при признании потерпевшего гражданским истцом, обвиняемого - гражданским ответчиком может допросить их в собственном процессуальном качестве с целью выяснения отношения гражданского ответчика к поданному гражданскому иску и уточнения пояснений гражданского истца.
Lattices of finite abelian groups
Creators: name: Ladisch, Frieder
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study certain lattices constructed from finite abelian groups. We show that such a lattice is eutactic, thereby confirming a conjecture by Böttcher, Eisenbarth, Fukshansky, Garcia, Maharaj. Our methods also yield simpler proofs of two known results: First, such a lattice is strongly eutactic if and only if the abelian group has odd order or is elementary abelian. Second, such a lattice has a basis of minimal vectors, except for the cyclic group of order 4.
description: v2: Minor corrections due to referee reports, 14 pages
Probing Mechanical Properties of Graphene with Raman Spectroscopy
Creators: name: Ferralis, Nicola
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The use of Raman scattering techniques to study the mechanical properties of graphene films is reviewed here. The determination of Gruneisen parameters of suspended graphene sheets under uni- and bi-axial strain is discussed and the values are compared to theoretical predictions. The effects of the graphene-substrate interaction on strain and to the temperature evolution of the graphene Raman spectra are discussed. Finally, the relation between mechanical and thermal properties is presented along with the characterization of thermal properties of graphene with Raman spectroscopy.
description: To appear in the Journal of Materials Science
GENERALIZATION OF KANNAN’S FIXED POINT THEORY
Creators: name: GIFAWOSEN BELAY
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2018

description: In this work, we extended the theorem of ( Enjouji,et al,2009) under generalization of
Kannan’s fixed point theory. The analysis part of this paper applied by analytical method.  The
extension performed to evaluate the role of metric completeness in the existence and uniqueness
of fixed points by taking the converse assumption of theorem3.3. Also, we give some definitions
and examples.
Tautological rings of Shimura varieties and cycle classes of Ekedahl-Oort strata
Creators: name: Wedhorn, Torsten
name: Ziegler, Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11G18, 14C15, 14G35, 14M15, 20G15, 20G40

description: We define the tautological ring as the subring of the Chow ring of a Shimura variety generated by all Chern classes of all automorphic bundles. We explain its structure for the special fiber of a good reduction of a Shimura variety of Hodge type and show that it is generated by the cycle classes of the Ekedahl-Oort strata as a vector space. We compute these cycle classes. As applications we get the triviality of l-adic Chern classes of flat automorphic bundles in characterstic 0, an isomorphism of the tautological ring of smooth toroidal compactifications in positive characteristic with the rational cohomology ring of the compact dual of the hermitian domain given by the Shimura datum, and a new proof of Hirzebruch-Mumford proportionality for Shimura varieties of Hodge type.
ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИЕ ПРОКУРОРСКОГО НАДЗОРА ПРИ ОСУЩЕСТВЛЕНИИ ПРЕДВАРИТЕЛЬНОЙ ПРОВЕРКИ ЗАЯВЛЕНИЙ И СООБЩЕНИЙ О ПРЕСТУПЛЕНИЯХ В ИСПРАВИТЕЛЬНЫХ УЧРЕЖДЕНИЯХ ФСИН РОССИИ
Creators: name: МИХАЛЕВ ВАСИЛИЙ НИКОЛАЕВИЧ
name: ХУДОРОЖКОВ СЕРГЕЙ ВЯЧЕСЛАВОВИЧ
Publisher: name: Государственная служба и кадры
Year: 2020
Subjects: ПРОКУРОРСКИЙ НАДЗОР
СООБЩЕНИЕ О ПРЕСТУПЛЕНИИ
ИСПРАВИТЕЛЬНОЕ УЧРЕЖДЕНИЕ
УЧЕТНО-РЕГИСТРАЦИОННАЯ ДИСЦИПЛИНА
PROSECUTOR'S SUPERVISION
REPORTING A CRIME
CORRECTIONAL INSTITUTION
ACCOUNTING AND REGISTRATION DISCIPLINE

description: В статье рассматриваются особенности осуществления прокурорского надзора при приеме, регистрации и рассмотрении заявлений и сообщений о преступлениях в исправительных учреждениях ФСИН России.
COMPARIONS OF SOLUTION OF LINEAR ODEs: LAPLACE TRANSFORM AND COMPUTATIONAL METHOD
Creators: name: USMAEL AHMED
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2016

description: A linear  ordinary differential equation  with constant coefficient  is the whole family of
differential equation, specially ordinary differential  equation which  frequently  occur in
various    fields of science, applied  mathematics and  mathematical physics involving
electrical circuit and bending of beam. In this thesis, we proposed the comparison of solution
of linear  ordinary differential equation  with constant coefficient by  the  Laplace transform
with computational method.  We convert the proposed linear  ordinary differential equation
with constant coefficient  into  an  algebraic equation for transformed function by using
Laplace transform. Solving the  linear first,  second, third and fourth  order  of ordinary
differential equation with constant coefficient, by applying inverse Laplace transform and the
general solutions of the problems are obtained. Graphical solution and numerical values are
presented to show the performance and accuracy  of the proposed method. To obtain
numerical value  and graphical  solution we  used some software’s  like mathematica  and
Computer programming (C++).
Local Coordination Modulates the Reflectivity of Liquefied Si-Ge Alloys
Creators: name: Ricciarelli, Damiano
name: Deretzis, Ioannis
name: Calogero, Gaetano
name: Fisicaro, Giuseppe
name: Martello, Enrico
name: La Magna, Antonino
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The properties of liquid Si-Ge binary systems at melting conditions deviate from those expected by the ideal alloy approximation. Particularly, a non-linear dependence of the dielectric functions occurs with the reflectivity of liquid Si-Ge reaching a maximum at 50\% Ge content, being 10\% higher than in pure Si or Ge. Using \textit{ab initio} methodologies, we modelled liquefied Si-Ge alloys, unveiling very high coordination numbers and poor symmetry in the first coordination shell with respect to Si and Ge, related to different bonding properties. We simulated optical functions, quantitatively replicating the aforementioned reflectivity trend and we highlighted a direct relationship between atomic structure and optical properties, indicating that the unusual optics arises from Si-Ge higher local coordination characterized by low symmetry. We forecast further implications for the overall class of these alloys. These findings expand our comprehension of liquefied semiconductors and are essential for implementing controlled laser melting procedures to highly dope these materials for advanced transistors, superconductors, sensors and plasmonic devices.
The Excitation Spectrum for Weakly Interacting Bosons
Creators: name: Seiringer, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the low energy excitation spectrum of a Bose gas with weak, long range repulsive interactions. In particular, we prove that the Bogoliubov spectrum of elementary excitations with linear dispersion relation for small momentum becomes exact in the mean-field limit.
description: LaTeX, 13 pages; Typos corrected, Remarks and References added
On the Monoidal Center of Deligne's Category Rep(S_t)
Creators: name: Flake, Johannes
name: Laugwitz, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 18D10 (Primary), 05E10, 57M27 (Secondary)

description: We explicitly compute a monoidal subcategory of the monoidal center of Deligne's interpolation category Rep(S_t), for t not necessarily a natural number, and we show that this subcategory is a ribbon category. For t=n, a natural number, there exists a functor onto the braided monoidal category of modules over the Drinfeld double of S_n which is essentially surjective and full. Hence the new ribbon category interpolates the categories of crossed modules over the symmetric groups. As an application, we obtain invariants of framed ribbon links which are polynomials in the interpolating variable t. These polynomials interpolate untwisted Dijkgraaf-Witten invariants of the symmetric groups.
description: 30 pages. v2: Small edits, connection to semisimplification added (Cor. 3.40), numbering in section 3 has changed, to appear in J. LMS
title: Ð¤Ð¾ÑÐ¼Ð¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ ÑÐ·ÑÐºÐ¾Ð²ÑÑ ÑÐ¼ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ð¹ Ð² Ð¾Ð±ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ð¸ Ð¸Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÑÐ°Ð½Ð½ÑÑ ÑÑÑÐ´ÐµÐ½ÑÐ¾Ð² ÑÐ·ÑÐºÑ ÑÐ¿ÐµÑÐ¸Ð°Ð»ÑÐ½Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸ (Ð½Ð° Ð¼Ð°ÑÐµÑÐ¸Ð°Ð»Ðµ Ð²Ð¾Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¸ÑÐµÐ»ÑÐ½ÑÑ Ð¿ÑÐµÐ´Ð»Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ð¹)
title: Ð²ÑÐ¿ÑÑÐºÐ½Ð°Ñ ÐºÐ²Ð°Ð»Ð¸ÑÐ¸ÐºÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ° Ð±Ð°ÐºÐ°Ð»Ð°Ð²ÑÐ°
titleType: Subtitle
title: Forming linguistic skills in teaching professional language to foreign students(on the material of question sentences)
Creators: name: Ð®Ñ ÐÐ°Ð½ÑÐ¸
Publisher: name: Ð¡Ð°Ð½ÐºÑ-ÐÐµÑÐµÑÐ±ÑÑÐ³ÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ ÑÐ½Ð¸Ð²ÐµÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑ ÐÐµÑÑÐ° ÐÐµÐ»Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾
Year: 2023
Subjects: ÑÐ·ÑÐºÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¿ÐµÑÐµÐ½ÑÐ¸Ñ
ÑÐ·ÑÐºÐ¾Ð²ÑÐµ ÑÐ¼ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ
ÑÐ·ÑÐº ÑÐ¿ÐµÑÐ¸Ð°Ð»ÑÐ½Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸
ÑÑÐµÐ±Ð½Ð¾-Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÑÐµÑÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð°Ð»ÑÐ½Ð°Ñ ÑÑÐµÑÐ° Ð¾Ð±ÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ
Ð²Ð¾Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¸ÑÐµÐ»ÑÐ½ÑÐµ Ð¿ÑÐµÐ´Ð»Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ
language competence
language skills
professional language
professional-educational sphere of communication
interrogative sentences

description: Ð Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐµ ÑÐ°ÑÑÐ¼Ð°ÑÑÐ¸Ð²Ð°ÑÑÑÑ Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð±ÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸ ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¼Ð¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ ÑÐ·ÑÐºÐ¾Ð²ÑÑ ÑÐ¼ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ð¹ Ð¿ÑÐ¸ Ð¾Ð±ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ð¸ Ð²Ð¾Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¸ÑÐµÐ»ÑÐ½ÑÐ¼ Ð¿ÑÐµÐ´Ð»Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ð¸ÑÐ¼ Ð½Ð° Ð¼Ð°ÑÐµÑÐ¸Ð°Ð»Ðµ ÑÑÐµÐ±Ð½Ð¾-Ð½Ð°ÑÑÐ½ÑÑ ÑÐµÐºÑÑÐ¾Ð² Ð¿Ð¾ ÑÐ·ÑÐºÑ ÑÐ¿ÐµÑÐ¸Ð°Ð»ÑÐ½Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸. ÐÐ°Ð½Ñ Ð¾Ð±ÑÐ¸Ðµ Ð¿Ð¾Ð½ÑÑÐ¸Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ Ð²ÑÐ±ÑÐ°Ð½Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÐµÐ¼Ðµ Ð¸ Ð¿ÑÐµÐ´ÑÑÐ°Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ñ Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð²Ð½ÑÐµ ÐºÐ»Ð°ÑÑÐ¸ÑÐ¸ÐºÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¸ Ð²Ð¾Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¸ÑÐµÐ»ÑÐ½ÑÑ Ð¿ÑÐµÐ´Ð»Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ð¹ Ð² ÑÑÑÑÐºÐ¾Ð¼ ÑÐ·ÑÐºÐµ. ÐÑÐ¾Ð²ÐµÐ´ÐµÐ½ Ð°Ð½Ð°Ð»Ð¸Ð· Ð²Ð¾Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¸ÑÐµÐ»ÑÐ½ÑÑ ÐºÐ¾Ð½ÑÑÑÑÐºÑÐ¸Ð¹ Ð² Ð¿Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð±Ð¸Ð¸ Â«ÐÐ¾ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð¸Ð¼ÑÑ ÑÑÐ¸ÑÑÑÑ Ð² ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ð¼ Ð²ÑÐ·ÐµÂ» Ð¿Ð¾Ð´ ÑÐµÐ´. Ð.Ð. ÐÑÑÑÐ·Ð¾Ð²Ð¾Ð¹. Ð ÑÐµÐ·ÑÐ»ÑÑÐ°ÑÐµ Ð¸ÑÑÐ»ÐµÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ ÑÐ¾Ð·Ð´Ð°Ð½ Ð´Ð¸Ð´Ð°ÐºÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¼Ð°ÑÐµÑÐ¸Ð°Ð» Ð½Ð° ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¼Ð¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ ÑÐ·ÑÐºÐ¾Ð²ÑÑ ÑÐ¼ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ð¹ Ð¿ÑÐ¸ Ð¾Ð±ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ð¸ Ð²Ð¾Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¸ÑÐµÐ»ÑÐ½ÑÐ¼ Ð¿ÑÐµÐ´Ð»Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ð¸ÑÐ¼, ÑÑÐ¸ÑÑÐ²Ð°ÑÑÐ¸Ð¹ Ð²ÑÐµ ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¿Ð¾Ð½ÐµÐ½ÑÑ ÑÐ¾Ð´ÐµÑÐ¶Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ ÑÐ·ÑÐºÐ¾Ð²Ð¾Ð¹ ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¿ÐµÑÐµÐ½ÑÐ¸Ð¸ Ð² ÑÑÐµÐ±Ð½Ð¾-Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÑÐµÑÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð°Ð»ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÑÐµÑÐµ Ð¾Ð±ÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ (ÑÑÐ¾Ð²ÐµÐ½Ñ Ð1).
description: The work is devoted to the peculiarities of formation of linguistic skills in teaching interrogative sentences on the material of educational and scientific texts in a professional sphere. The investigators give general notions of the chosen topic; the main classifications of interrogative sentences in Russian are given. The analysis of interrogative constructions in the manual Â«Preparing to study in a technical universityÂ» edited by G.I. Kutuzova is carried out. As a result of the study didactic material on the formation of language skills in teaching interrogative sentences, considering all components of the content of language competence in educational and professional sphere of communication (level B1).
Braided commutative algebras over quantized enveloping algebras
Creators: name: Laugwitz, Robert
name: Walton, Chelsea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 18D10 (Primary), 16D90, 16T05, 17B37 (Secondary)

description: We produce braided commutative algebras in braided monoidal categories by generalizing Davydov's full center construction of commutative algebras in centers of monoidal categories. Namely, we build braided commutative algebras in relative monoidal centers $\mathcal{Z}_{\mathcal{B}}(\mathcal{C})$ from algebras in $\mathcal{B}$-central monoidal categories $\mathcal{C}$, where $\mathcal{B}$ is an arbitrary braided monoidal category; Davydov's (and previous works of others) take place in the special case when $\mathcal{B}$ is the category of vector spaces $\mathbf{Vect}$ over a field $\Bbbk$. Since key examples of relative monoidal centers are suitable representation categories of quantized enveloping algebras, we supply braided commutative module algebras over such quantum groups. One application of our work is that we produce Morita invariants for algebras in $\mathcal{B}$-central monoidal categories. Moreover, for a large class of $\mathcal{B}$-central monoidal categories, our braided commutative algebras arise as a braided version of centralizer algebras. This generalizes the fact that centers of algebras in $\mathbf{Vect}$ serve as Morita invariants. Many examples are provided throughout.
description: v1: 30 pages + references. Comments welcomed! v2: submitted v3: To Appear in Transformation Groups
COMPARION OF SOLUTIONS OF LINEAR ODEs: LAPLACE TRANSFORM AND COMPUTATIONAL METHOD M.Sc. THESIS
Creators: name: USMAEL AHMED
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2016

description: A linear  ordinary differential equation  with constant coefficient  is the whole family of
differential equation, specially ordinary differential  equation which  frequently  occur in
various    fields of science, applied  mathematics and  mathematical physics involving
electrical circuit and bending of beam. In this thesis, we proposed the comparison of solution
of linear  ordinary differential equation  with constant coefficient by  the  Laplace transform
with computational method.  We convert the proposed linear  ordinary differential equation
with constant coefficient  into  an  algebraic equation for transformed function by using
Laplace transform. Solving the  linear first,  second, third and fourth  order  of ordinary
differential equation with constant coefficient, by applying inverse Laplace transform and the
general solutions of the problems are obtained. Graphical solution and numerical values are
presented to show the    performance and accuracy  of the proposed method. To obtain
numerical value  and graphical  solution we  used some software’s  like mathematica  and
Computer programming (C++).
Science and values in a wastewater treatment controversy
Creators: name: Vázquez Pérez, Marco Antonio
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2019

description: Different scholars hold that values embedded in science are a central reason why more research does not solve scientific controversies related to complex environmental issues. In the Capital Regional District, British Columbia, Canada, different scientists have positioned themselves for and against the construction of a wastewater treatment plant in a debate framed as purely technical. This study investigates how scientists with opposing positions view nature and consider uncertainties, as well as what are their assumptions. I analyzed peer-reviewed publications of scientists who have positioned themselves publicly on either side of the controversy. Then, I conducted four semi-structured interviews with two scientists from each side. I found that scientists against treatment framed nature as tolerant to disturbances up to a limit and believed that scientific research can eliminate uncertainties. They assumed that sewage is not a risk because it is composed mainly of nutrients and traditional wastewater quality measurements have not shown evidence of harm. In contrast, scientists in favor of treatment portrayed nature as fragile and judged uncertainty as worrisome based on potentially harmful consequences. They also considered the sewage a risk because of the chemical substances it contains which are not included in traditional measurements. This study suggests that value-laden perspectives impact scientists’ positions and recommendations even in a seemingly technical controversy.
Intermediate Sums on Polyhedra: Computation and Real Ehrhart Theory
Creators: name: Baldoni, Velleda
name: Berline, Nicole
name: Köppe, Matthias
name: Vergne, Michèle
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Computational Geometry (cs.CG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 05A15 (Primary), 52C07, 68R05, 68U05, 52B20 (Secondary)

description: We study intermediate sums, interpolating between integrals and discrete sums, which were introduced by A. Barvinok [Computing the Ehrhart quasi-polynomial of a rational simplex, Math. Comp. 75 (2006), 1449--1466]. For a given semi-rational polytope P and a rational subspace L, we integrate a given polynomial function h over all lattice slices of the polytope P parallel to the subspace L and sum up the integrals. We first develop an algorithmic theory of parametric intermediate generating functions. Then we study the Ehrhart theory of these intermediate sums, that is, the dependence of the result as a function of a dilation of the polytope. We provide an algorithm to compute the resulting Ehrhart quasi-polynomials in the form of explicit step polynomials. These formulas are naturally valid for real (not just integer) dilations and thus provide a direct approach to real Ehrhart theory.
description: 24 pages, 3 figures
ПРОИЗВОДСТВО СЛЕДСТВЕННЫХ ДЕЙСТВИЙ ПО РЕШЕНИЮ СУДА
Creators: name: АЛИЕВ КУРБАН МАГОМЕДОВИЧ
Publisher: name: Государственная служба и кадры
Year: 2020
Subjects: СЛЕДСТВЕННЫЕ ДЕЙСТВИЯ
РЕШЕНИЕ СУДА
ХОДАТАЙСТВО
ПОСТАНОВЛЕНИЕ СУДА
INVESTIGATIVE ACTIONS
THE COURT'S DECISION
PETITION
COURT ORDER

description: В статье раскрывается процедура производства следственных действий, для осуществления которых требуется разрешение суда.
Beyond the Self-Managing School: Student Outcomes and the Reform of Education and the Future of Schools: Lessons From the Reform of Public Education by Brian Caldwell and Jim Spinks The Future of Schools: Lessons from the Reform of Public Education by Brian Caldwell and Don Hayward
Creators: name: O'Reilly, Robert R.
Publisher: name: Alberta Journal of Educational Research
Year: 1999

description: Alberta Journal of Educational Research, Vol. 45 No. 2 (1999): Summer 1999
EFFECTS OF FIFA’S 11+ WARMING UP PROGRAM ON PHYSICAL  PERFORMANCE ENHANCEMENT OF FOOTBALL PLAYERS IN  THE CASE OF ARBA MINCH TOWN YOUTH MALE PLAYERS
Creators: name: ANTENH ZERIHUN ASSEFA
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2017

description: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of FIFA’S 11+ warming up program on
enhancing physical performance of  Arba Minch  town  male  youth  football players. The
researcher was selected soccer related fitness test battery such as; Running 12 minute Cooper
test ,Sit and reach test,  Illinois agility test,  Running-based Anaerobic Sprint test (RAST),
Standing stork test Blind,  Standing long jump test.  Number of subjects was 25 and only 20
subjects were fulfilled the eligibility criteria for the purpose of the study.  The obtained
quantitative data  was  analyzed by  paired sample  ‘t’  test  with the help of  (SPSS) 20 version
software  to  determine  the  difference  between  pre  training  and  post  training mean  value was
used. The  levels of significance was seat at p < 0.05, and  finally find out a significant value of
VO2max, by  3.8ml/kg/min,  standing long jump on  0.3057m,  Balance, by  7.5sec,  Agility in
0.6075sec  and Flexibility in  2.825cm. As  the study result showed that except anaerobic
endurance of the players FIFA’S 11+ warming up program has a significance effects on
enhancing the performance of the soccer player which practiced for twelve weeks with a
repetition of three times per week. Based on the finding recommends FIFA 11+ has a potential
to enhance physical performance of a soccer players It  helps for the physical development of
players as well as to reduce injury to contribute their own effort to team and individual successes
and others to be consider on anaerobic endurance for farther study.
Constrained Design of Deep Iris Networks
Creators: name: Nguyen, Kien
name: Fookes, Clinton
name: Sridharan, Sridha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Despite the promise of recent deep neural networks in the iris recognition setting, there are vital properties of the classic IrisCode which are almost unable to be achieved with current deep iris networks: the compactness of model and the small number of computing operations (FLOPs). This paper re-models the iris network design process as a constrained optimization problem which takes model size and computation into account as learning criteria. On one hand, this allows us to fully automate the network design process to search for the best iris network confined to the computation and model compactness constraints. On the other hand, it allows us to investigate the optimality of the classic IrisCode and recent iris networks. It also allows us to learn an optimal iris network and demonstrate state-of-the-art performance with less computation and memory requirements.
Three-dimensional direct laser writing inspired by stimulated-emission-depletion microscopy
Creators: name: Fischer, Joachim
name: Wegener, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Three-dimensional direct laser writing has become a well established, versatile, widespread, and even readily commercially available "workhorse" of nano- and micro-technology. However, its lateral and axial spatial resolution is inherently governed by Abbe's diffraction limitation - analogous to optical microscopy. In microscopy, stimulated-emission-depletion approaches have lately circumvented Abbe's barrier and lateral resolutions down to 5.6 nm using visible light have been achieved. In this paper, after very briefly reviewing our previous efforts with respect to translating this success in optical microscopy to optical lithography, we present our latest results regarding resolution improvement in the lateral as well as in the much more relevant axial direction. The structures presented in this paper set a new resolution-benchmark for next-generation direct-laser-writing optical lithography. In particular, we break the lateral and the axial Abbe criterion for the first time.
Multiplicative preprojective algebras are 2-Calabi-Yau
Creators: name: Kaplan, Daniel
name: Schedler, Travis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 16G20 (Primary) 16S38, 16E65, 53D30, 16E05 (Secondary)

description: We prove that multiplicative preprojective algebras, defined by Crawley-Boevey and Shaw, are 2-Calabi-Yau algebras, in the case of quivers containing unoriented cycles. If the quiver is not itself a cycle, we show that the center is trivial, and hence the Calabi-Yau structure is unique. If the quiver is a cycle, we show that the algebra is a non-commutative crepant resolution of its center, the ring of functions on the corresponding multiplicative quiver variety with a type A surface singularity. We also prove that the dg versions of these algebras (arising as certain Fukaya categories) are formal. We conjecture that the same properties hold for all non-Dynkin quivers, with respect to any extended Dynkin subquiver (note that the cycle is the type A case). Finally, we prove that multiplicative quiver varieties-for all quivers-are formally locally isomorphic to ordinary quiver varieties. In particular, they are all symplectic singularities (which implies they are normal and have rational Gorenstein singularities). This includes character varieties of Riemann surfaces with punctures and monodromy conditions. We deduce this from a more general statement about 2-Calabi--Yau algebras (following Bocklandt, Galluzzi, and Vaccarino).
description: 48 pages, Remarks 1.6 and 4.7 added
Flows and Decompositions of Games: Harmonic and Potential Games
Creators: name: Candogan, Ozan
name: Menache, Ishai
name: Ozdaglar, Asuman
name: Parrilo, Pablo A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper we introduce a novel flow representation for finite games in strategic form. This representation allows us to develop a canonical direct sum decomposition of an arbitrary game into three components, which we refer to as the potential, harmonic and nonstrategic components. We analyze natural classes of games that are induced by this decomposition, and in particular, focus on games with no harmonic component and games with no potential component. We show that the first class corresponds to the well-known potential games. We refer to the second class of games as harmonic games, and study the structural and equilibrium properties of this new class of games. Intuitively, the potential component of a game captures interactions that can equivalently be represented as a common interest game, while the harmonic part represents the conflicts between the interests of the players. We make this intuition precise, by studying the properties of these two classes, and show that indeed they have quite distinct and remarkable characteristics. For instance, while finite potential games always have pure Nash equilibria, harmonic games generically never do. Moreover, we show that the nonstrategic component does not affect the equilibria of a game, but plays a fundamental role in their efficiency properties, thus decoupling the location of equilibria and their payoff-related properties. Exploiting the properties of the decomposition framework, we obtain explicit expressions for the projections of games onto the subspaces of potential and harmonic games. This enables an extension of the properties of potential and harmonic games to "nearby" games. We exemplify this point by showing that the set of approximate equilibria of an arbitrary game can be characterized through the equilibria of its projection onto the set of potential games.
The asymptotic shape theorem for the frog model on finitely generated abelian groups
Creators: name: Coletti, Cristian F.
name: de Lima, Lucas R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60K35, 60D05, 52A22, 60F15, 60J10

description: We study the frog model on Cayley graphs of groups with polynomial growth rate $D \geq 3$. The frog model is an interacting particle system in discrete time. We consider that the process begins with a particle at each vertex of the graph and only one of these particles is active when the process begins. Each activated particle performs a simple random walk in discrete time activating the inactive particles in the visited vertices. We prove that the activation time of particles grows at least linearly and we show that in the abelian case with any finite generator set the set of activated sites has a limiting shape.
description: The original publication is available at www.esaim-ps.org
Operator Responsibility for Outcomes: A Demonstration of the ResQu Model
Creators: name: Douer, Nir
name: Redlich, Meirav
name: Meyer, Joachim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In systems with advanced automation, human responsibility for outcomes becomes equivocal. We developed the Responsibility Quantification (ResQu) model to compute a measure of operator responsibility (Douer & Meyer, 2020) and compared it to observed and subjective levels of responsibility (Douer & Meyer, 2019). We used the model to calculate operators' objective responsibility in a common fault event in the control room in a dairy factory. We compared the results to the subjective assessments made by different functions in the diary. The capabilities of the automation greatly exceeded those of the human, and the operator should comply with the indications of the automation. Thus, the objective causal human responsibility is 0. Outside observers, such as managers, assigned much higher responsibility to the operator, possibly holding operators responsible for adverse outcomes in situations in which they rightly trusted the automation.
description: Submitted version of the paper that was eventually published in the Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 2020
FACTORS DETRMINING EFFECTIVE HOUSEHOLD SOLID WASTE  MANAGEMENT IN ARBA MINCH TOWN
Creators: name: AFEWORK WOLDE TASSE
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2015

description: Huge generation of domestic solid waste coupled with ineffective waste management service
the major challenge facing  Arba Minch  town. The main objective of this study is to examine
factors that determine effective household solid waste management assessing the current status
household solid waste management practice of the town. A simple random sampling techniq
was applied for sample size selection of 137 households. The data were collected through b
primary  and  secondary  sources.  The  primary  data  were  gathered  through  questionnair
interviews, observation, and focus group discussion; whereas secondary data were extracted fr
different published and unpublished materials. The analysis of this study was carried out us
both  quantitative  and  qualitative  techniques.  The  findings  of  the  study  revealed  absence
functional  communal  waste  storage  materials,  shortage  of  solid  waste  transportation  vehicl
widespread practice of unauthorized dumping and burning, restriction of the door-to-door wa
collection  service  mainly  at  the  center  of  the  town  and  the  areas  near  to  the  main  roads.  T
finding  also disclosed  that the householder‟s age, sex, education, income,  awareness, willingn
to pay, year of stay, household size, and location of the house are the major determining fact
of solid waste management at household level. Moreover, institutional factors such as solid wa
facilities  and  equipment,  finance,  manpower,  rules  and  regulations,  and  accessibility  to
private  collectors  determine  the  effectiveness  of  solid  waste  management  among  sam
households of this study. Generally, household solid waste management of the town is poor a
then timely measures must be taken.
Tautological cycles on tropical Jacobians
Creators: name: Gross, Andreas
name: Shokrieh, Farbod
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14T05, 14H40, 14H42, 14H51

description: The classical Poincaré formula relates the rational homology classes of tautological cycles on a Jacobian to powers of the class of Riemann theta divisor. We prove a tropical analogue of this formula. Along the way, we prove several foundational results about real tori with integral structures (and, therefore, tropical abelian varieties). For example, we prove a tropical version of the Appell-Humbert theorem. We also study various notions of equivalences between tropical cycles and their relation to one another.
One-level density estimates for Dirichlet L-functions with extended support
Creators: name: Drappeau, Sary
name: Pratt, Kyle
name: Radziwiłł, Maksym
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We estimate the $1$-level density of low-lying zeros of $L(s,χ)$ with $χ$ ranging over primitive Dirichlet characters of conductor $\in [Q/2,Q]$ and for test functions whose Fourier transform is supported in $[- 2 - 50/1093, 2 + 50/1093]$. Previously any extension of the support past the range $[-2,2]$ was only known conditionally on deep conjectures about the distribution of primes in arithmetic progressions, beyond the reach of the Generalized Riemann Hypothesis (e.g Montgomery's conjecture). Our work provides the first example of a family of $L$-functions in which the support is unconditionally extended past the "trivial range" that follows from a simple application of the underlying trace formula (in this case orthogonality of characters). We also highlight consequences for non-vanishing of $L(s,χ)$.
description: With correction of a typo in Proposition 6. 22 pages
SOCIO-CULTURAL FACTORS AFFECTING FAMILY PLANNING SERVICES: THE CASE OF SENDAFA-BAKE TOWN, OROMIA REGION, CENTRAL ETHIOPIA
Creators: name: MENGISTU ABEBE HORDOFA
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2018

description: Ethiopia has one of the highest Total Fertility Rates of  4.8  While several efforts had been
made to improve FP  in the country still  FP  utilization is very low.  Effective  FP  intervention
is one of the suggested strategies to alleviate the challenge of fast population growth. Despite
efforts  made  to  manage  increase  on  population  size  in  Ethiopia,  the  effectiveness  of  the
intervention  become  minimal  in  different  areas  of  the  country.  This  study  was  initiated  to
identify socio-cultural factors affecting FP service, status and practice of utilizing FP service
in the study area. A total of 198  respondents were selected using simple random sampling
technique to collect the  data. Pre-tested self-administered questionnaire was  distributed  to
the respondents to collect necessary data for the study, and interview were conducted for the
qualitative data. The socio-demographic result indicated that educational, income status and
practice  of  FP  service  positively  determined  choice  of  FP  options  while  religion,  sex
preference and early marriage was identified to negatively influence the service utilization
among  the  targeted  women.  In  addition,  the  finding  indicate  about  (80.5%)  of  women
reproductive  age  has  awareness  about  FP  but,  the  practice  of  FP  methods  was  (41.1%).
IUCD (39%) and Injectables  (36%) were the most widely practiced method.  (58.9%) Women
not  practiced  FP  methods  and  religion  was  taken  as  one  of  the  major  barriers  for  low
utilization of FP and  almost half of women had intention to have more number of children.
The  overall  prevalence  of  FP  method  was  low.  Increasing  education  and  participation  of
women in different economical, societal and local issues were reported to be economic and
social  benefits  among the household identified to use  FP  service. Therefore, comprehensive
IEC  and  efforts  by  government  and  non-government  organization  to  work  and  involve  in
favor of bringing positive behavioral change towards FP service utilization are proposed.
НРАВСТВЕННОСТЬ В ПРОФЕССИИ СЛЕДОВАТЕЛЯ
Creators: name: ГАДЖИЕВ РЕНАТ ШАМИЛЬЕВИЧ
Publisher: name: Государственная служба и кадры
Year: 2020
Subjects: СЛЕДОВАТЕЛЬ
НРАВСТВЕННОСТЬ
ПРОФЕССИЯ
ЗАДАЧИ
ПОЛНОМОЧИЯ
ПРОЦЕССУАЛЬНАЯ САМОСТОЯТЕЛЬНОСТЬ
ОТВЕТСТВЕННОСТЬ
INVESTIGATOR
MORALITY
PROFESSION
TASKS
POWERS
PROCEDURAL INDEPENDENCE
RESPONSIBILITY

description: В статье рассматриваются нравственные особенности профессии следователя. Уголовнопроцессуальный закон, наделяя следователя широким кругом полномочий и процессуальной самостоятельностью, что необходимо для решения стоящих перед ним задач, налагает на него и определенные обязательства. За своевременность, законность и обоснованность принимаемых им решений следователь несет не только уголовную или дисциплинарную, но и нравственную ответственность.
Asymptotic behaviour of the non-autonomous 3D Navier-Stokes problem with coercive force
Creators: name: Vorotnikov, Dmitry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35Q30, 35B41, 35D30

description: We construct pullback attractors to the weak solutions of the three-dimensional Dirichlet problem for the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations in the case when the external force may become unbounded as time goes to plus or minus infinity.
description: 22 pages
MULTIPURPOSE ENGINEERING GEOLOGICAL MAPPING  OF NORTHERN PART OF ARBA MINCH TOWN, ETHIOPIA
Creators: name: Mulusew Minuyelet Zewudie
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2018

description: This  research work aims to address  the  common  geological  problems  of Sikala town  by
providing geological and engineering geological data and respective maps  and provide
possible mitigation measures for the problems that are widely observed in the town.  The
objectives of the research were,  to characterize engineering properties of soils and  rocks
prominent in the town, to conduct engineering geological classification of soils and rocks ,to
map the lithological and geological structures, to produce engineering geological map  at a
scale of 1:33, 000 using ArcGIS software.
The ground water level of surrounding area of Sikala town was estimated from 12 boreholes.
The ground water gradient follows the surface gradient and  flows towards the East(Lake
Abaya).The engineering geological map of Sikala town was prepared after characterizing the
geotechnical properties of soils and rocks.  The engineering  geological and geotechnical
condition of soils were  evaluated  from ten test pits of 1 to 6 m depth.  Based on field
description and laboratory analysis, soils of Sikala town were classified by consistency limit
and Unified Soil Classification System (USCS)  . The average grain size distribution of gravel,
sand, silt and clay soils of  the town was  18.76, 26.36, 39.38 and 16.6%  respectively.  Soil
laboratory tests results of  liquid limit, plastic limit and shrinkage limit range  from  24.1 to
56%, 0 to 38.9% and 1.4 to 28.6% respectively. The internal friction angle (ɸ°) and cohesion
(C kN/m2
) of soils were determined and varies from  14.06°  to36.04°and 10.81 to 54.46
respectively. Based on USCS, soils of Sikala town fall in to six classes. They are inorganic
clay of high plasticity (CH),  inorganic silts and very fine sands, clayey silts with  slight
plasticity (ML), inorganic clay of low to medium plasticity (CL), well graded gravels, gravel
sand mixture (GW), poorly graded gravel-sand mixtures with no fines(GP) and clayey gravel,
gravel-sand -clay mixtures (GC).
To characterize the engineering  geological condition of rocks,13  sampling points of rock
discontinuity data and 30 sampling points of Schmidt hammer rebound tests were carried out
in addition to visual description and the use of geological hammer. Based on the in situ rock
strength tests, rock masses of Sikala town were grouped into three major classes as rocks with
medium, high and very  high mass  strength.    Schmidt and geological hammer  were most
widely used field equipments to estimate in situ rock strength. Scanline method was applied
to collect rock discontinuity data. Based on Rock Mass Rating (RMR) index rocks of Sikala
town fall into three major classes I (very good), II (good) and III (fair).