cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Nonlocal formalism for nanoplasmonics: phenomenological and semi-classical considerations
Creators: name: Mortensen, N. Asger
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The plasmon response of metallic nanostructures is anticipated to exhibit nonlocal dynamics of the electron gas when exploring the true nanoscale. We extend the local-response approximation (based on Ohm's law) to account for a general short-range nonlocal response of the homogeneous electron gas. Without specifying further details of the underlying physical mechanism we show how this leads to a Laplacian correction term in the electromagnetic wave equation. Within the hydrodynamic model we demonstrate this explicitly and we identify the characteristic nonlocal range to be vF/omega where vF is the Fermi velocity and omega is the optical angular frequency. For noble metals this gives significant corrections when characteristic device dimensions approach ~1-10 nm, whereas at more macroscopic length scales plasmonic phenomena are well accounted for by the local Drude response.
description: Invited paper for proc. of TACONA 2012 (to appear in PNFA)
Application of an ontology for model cards to generate computable artifacts for linking machine learning information from biomedical research
Creators: name: Amith, Muhammad
name: Cui, Licong
name: Roberts, Kirk
name: Tao, Cui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Model card reports provide a transparent description of machine learning models which includes information about their evaluation, limitations, intended use, etc. Federal health agencies have expressed an interest in model cards report for research studies using machine-learning based AI. Previously, we have developed an ontology model for model card reports to structure and formalize these reports. In this paper, we demonstrate a Java-based library (OWL API, FaCT++) that leverages our ontology to publish computable model card reports. We discuss future directions and other use cases that highlight applicability and feasibility of ontology-driven systems to support FAIR challenges.
Can one hear the shape of a wormhole?
Creators: name: Antonini, Stefano
name: Simidzija, Petar
name: Swingle, Brian
name: Van Raamsdonk, Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A large class of flat big bang - big crunch cosmologies with negative cosmological constant are related by analytic continuation to asymptotically AdS traversable wormholes with planar cross section. In recent works (arXiv: 2102.05057, 2203.11220) it was suggested that such wormhole geometries may be dual to a pair of 3D holographic CFTs coupled via auxiliary degrees of freedom to give a theory that confines in the infrared. In this paper, we explore signatures of the presence of such a wormhole in the state of the coupled pair of 3D theories. We explain how the wormhole geometry is reflected in the spectrum of the confining theory and the behavior of two-point functions and entanglement entropies. We provide explicit algorithms to reconstruct the wormhole scale factor (which uniquely determines its geometry) from entanglement entropies, heavy operator two-point functions, or light operator two-point functions (which contain the spectrum information). In the last case, the physics of the bulk scalar field dual to the light operator is closely related to the quantum mechanics of a one-dimensional particle in a potential derived from the scale factor, and the problem of reconstructing the scale factor from the two-point function is directly related to the problem of reconstructing this Schrödinger potential from its spectrum.
description: 37 Pages + appendices, 4 Figures
Entwicklung und Nutzung von Tageslicht- Pflanzenküvetten als Untersuchungseinheit eines systemorientierten Ansatzes für Niedrigenergiegewächshäuser
Creators: name: Akyazi, Gökhan
Publisher: name: Hannover : Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Daylight-plant-cuvette
subject: climate parameters
subject: net photosynthesis
subject: Tageslicht- Pflanzenküvette
subject: Klimaparameter
subject: Netto-Photosynthese
subject: Respiration
subject: Transpiration
subject: Pelargonium zonale
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::630 | Landwirtschaft, Veterinärmedizin

description: [no abstract]
Standard Model estimate of $K^+\toπ^+4e$ branching ratio
Creators: name: Husek, Tomáš
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The branching ratio of the $K^+\toπ^+e^+e^-e^+e^-$ ($K^+\toπ^+4e$) decay is calculated at leading order in the Standard Model. The dominance of the neutral-pion pole determines the overall branching ratio to be $B(K^+\toπ^+4e)=B(K^+\toπ^+π^0)B(π^0\to4e)\approx7.0(3)\times10^{-6}$. The significance of this contribution is very much concentrated in the context of the whole available phase space, throughout most of which the one-photon-exchange topology is prevalent in turn. It is thus interesting to present branching ratios for only parts of the allowed kinematical region. We find, for instance, $B(K^+\toπ^+4e,\,m_{4e}>150\,\text{MeV})=6.0(6)\times10^{-11}$.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures, 1 table; v2: version accepted for publication in PRD, minor text improvements
An exploration of hadronic interactions in blazars using IceCube
Creators: name: Tchernin, C.
name: Aguilar, J. A.
name: Neronov, A.
name: Montaruli, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context: Hadronic models, involving matter (proton or nuclei) acceleration in blazar jets, imply high energy photon and neutrino emissions due to interactions of high-energy protons with matter and/or radiation in the source environment. Aims: This paper shows that the sensitivity of the IceCube neutrino telescope in its 40-string configuration (IC-40) is already at the level of constraining the parameter space of purely hadronic scenarios of activity of blazars. Methods: Assuming that the entire source power originates from hadronic interactions, and assuming that the models describe the data, we estimate the expected neutrino flux from blazars based on the observed gamma-ray flux by Fermi, simultaneously with IC-40 observations. We consider two cases separately to keep the number of constrainable parameters at an acceptable level: proton-proton or proton-gamma interactions are dominant. Comparing the IC-40 sensitivity to the neutrino flux expected from some of the brightest blazars, we constrain model parameters characterizing the parent high-energy proton spectrum. Results: We find that when pp interactions dominate, some constraints on the primary proton spectrum can be imposed. For instance, for the tightest constrained source 3C 454.3, the very high energy part of the spectra of blazars is constrained to be harder than E^-2 with cut-off energies in the range of Ecut >10^18 eV. When interactions of high-energy protons on soft photon fields dominate, we can find similarly tight constraints on the proton spectrum parameters. [abridged]
description: accepted for publication in A&A
title: Mixed-integer quadratic programming algorithms for embedded control and estimation
Creators: name: Naik, Vihangkumar Vinaykumar
Publisher: name: IMT Alti Studi Lucca
Year: 2018

description: The class of optimization problems involving both continuous
 and discrete variables is known as mixed-integer programming
 (MIP), which emerges in many fields of applications.
 Due to their inherent combinatorial nature, solving
 such a class of problems in real-time poses a major challenge,
 especially in embedded applications where computational
 and memory resources are limited. This thesis mainly focuses
 on novel solution methods tailored to small-scale Mixed-
 Integer Quadratic Programming (MIQP) problems, such as
 those that typically arise in embedded hybrid Model Predictive
 Control (MPC) and estimation problems. With an emphasis
 on algorithm simplicity, efficient solution techniques
 to solve MIQP problems are developed in the thesis based
 on first-order methods, specialized to find both exact and approximate
 solutions. In addition, a numerically robust algorithm
 is proposed in order to tackle MIQP problem with
 positive semidefinite Hessian matrices, often encountered in
 hybrid MPC formulations. The proposed techniques, being
 library-free and relatively simple to code, are specifically
 tailored to real-time embedded applications. Such techniques
 are also employed in a novel algorithm for the MIPbased
 PieceWise Affine (PWA) regression, as well as in new
 approaches for energy disaggregation using binary quadratic
 programming that are particularly suitable for smart energy
 meters.
General-relativistic thin-shell Dyson mega-spheres
Creators: name: Berry, Thomas
name: Simpson, Alex
name: Visser, Matt
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Loosely inspired by the somewhat fanciful notion of detecting an arbitrarily advanced alien civilization, we consider a general-relativistic thin-shell Dyson mega-sphere completely enclosing a central star-like object, and perform a full general-relativistic analysis using the Israel--Lanczos--Sen junction conditions. We focus attention on the surface mass density, the surface stress, the classical energy conditions, and the forces between hemispheres. We find that in the physically acceptable region the NEC, WEC, and SEC are always satisfied, while the DEC can be violated if the Dyson mega-sphere is sufficiently close to forming a black hole. We also demonstrate that the original quasi-local version of the maximum force conjecture, F <= {1/4} F_{Stoney} = {1/4} F_{Planck}, can easily be violated if the Dyson mega-sphere is sufficiently compact, that is, sufficiently close to forming a black hole. Interestingly there is a finite region of parameter space where one can violate the original quasi-local version of the maximum force conjecture without violating the DEC. Finally, we very briefly discuss the possibility of nested thin-shell mega-spheres (Matrioshka configurations) and thick-shell Dyson mega-spheres.
description: V1: 23 pages; 6 figures. V2: Now 25 pages. (1) Minor typos fixed. (2) We now carefully distinguish quasi-local forces (forces across a surface, relevant to extended objects) from ultra-local forces (forces at a point, relevant only for point particles). This version has been accepted for publication in Physical Review D
Vertikaler Ladungstransport über nulldimensionale Zustände in Doppelbarrieren-Heterostrukturen
Creators: name: Agafonov, Alexei B.
Publisher: name: Hannover : Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Resonant tunneling diode
subject: quantum dot
subject: magnetotransport
subject: Resonanztunneldiode
subject: Quantenpunkt
subject: Magnetotransport
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: [no abstract]
Non-parametric Bayesian modelling of digital gene expression data
Creators: name: Vavoulis, Dimitrios V.
name: Gough, Julian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: Genomics (q-bio.GN)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Next-generation sequencing technologies provide a revolutionary tool for generating gene expression data. Starting with a fixed RNA sample, they construct a library of millions of differentially abundant short sequence tags or "reads", which constitute a fundamentally discrete measure of the level of gene expression. A common limitation in experiments using these technologies is the low number or even absence of biological replicates, which complicates the statistical analysis of digital gene expression data. Analysis of this type of data has often been based on modified tests originally devised for analysing microarrays; both these and even de novo methods for the analysis of RNA-seq data are plagued by the common problem of low replication. We propose a novel, non-parametric Bayesian approach for the analysis of digital gene expression data. We begin with a hierarchical model for modelling over-dispersed count data and a blocked Gibbs sampling algorithm for inferring the posterior distribution of model parameters conditional on these counts. The algorithm compensates for the problem of low numbers of biological replicates by clustering together genes with tag counts that are likely sampled from a common distribution and using this augmented sample for estimating the parameters of this distribution. The number of clusters is not decided a priori, but it is inferred along with the remaining model parameters. We demonstrate the ability of this approach to model biological data with high fidelity by applying the algorithm on a public dataset obtained from cancerous and non-cancerous neural tissues.
Mechanism of the Resistivity Switching Induced by the Joule Heating in Crystalline NbO$_2$
Creators: name: Olin, Samuel W.
name: Razek, S. Abdel
name: Piper, L. F. J.
name: Lee, Wei-Cheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently the memristive electrical transport properties in NbO$_2$ have attracted much attention for their promising application to the neuromorphic computation. At the center of debates is whether the metal-to-insulator transition (MIT) originates from the structural distortion (Peierls) or the electron correlation (Mott). With inputs from experiments and first principles calculations, we develop a thermodynamical model rooted in the scenario of the MIT driven by a $2^{nd}$ order Peierls instability. We find that the temperature dependence of the electrical conductivity can be accurately fit by the band gap varying with temperature due to the gradual weakening of the Nb-Nb dimers. The resistivity switching can consequently be understood by dimer-free metallic domains induced by local Joule heating. In solving the heat equation, we find that the steady state can not be reached if the applied voltage exceeds a threshold, resulting in the chaotic behavior observed in the high voltage and current states. With the Ginzburg-Landau theory and the Joule heating equation, the evolution of the metallic domains under bias voltage can be simulated and directly verified by experiments.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures
Robust analysis of preferential attachment models with fitness
Creators: name: Dereich, Steffen
name: Ortgiese, Marcel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C80 (Primary) 60G42, 90B15 (Secondary)

description: The preferential attachment network with fitness is a dynamic random graph model. New vertices are introduced consecutively and a new vertex is attached to an old vertex with probability proportional to the degree of the old one multiplied by a random fitness. We concentrate on the typical behaviour of the graph by calculating the fitness distribution of a vertex chosen proportional to its degree. For a particular variant of the model, this analysis was first carried out by Borgs, Chayes, Daskalakis and Roch. However, we present a new method, which is robust in the sense that it does not depend on the exact specification of the attachment law. In particular, we show that a peculiar phenomenon, referred to as Bose-Einstein condensation, can be observed in a wide variety of models. Finally, we also compute the joint degree and fitness distribution of a uniformly chosen vertex.
description: 22 pages
Optimierung der photokatalytischen Eigenschaften von mesoporösen Titandioxid-Schichten durch die Modifizierung mit Gold-Nanostrukturen
Creators: name: Bannat, Inga
Publisher: name: Hannover : Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mesoporous titania films
subject: photocatalysis
subject: gold nanoparticles
subject: electrochemical deposition
subject: photocatalytic oxidation of NO
subject: Mesoporöse Titandioxidfilme
subject: Photokatalyse
subject: Gold-Nanopartikel
subject: elektrochemische Abscheidung
subject: photokatalytische Oxidation von NO
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::540 | Chemie

description: [no abstract]
Prunus spinosa L.
Creators: name: Becherer
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1956
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: P. spinosa L. Cat. 83. Bis 1600 m: bei Törbel (Stebler). Var.macrocarpa Wallr. (P. fruticans Weihe) - 2: Fully (Gams); um Ayent (P.); Sitten (J.). - 3: Riddes (J.).
description: Published as part of Becherer, 1956, Florae Vallesiacae Supplementum, pp. 1-556 in Denkschriften der Schweizerischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft 71 on pages 1-556
Multi-component Dark Sectors: Symmetries, Asymmetries and Conversions
Creators: name: Beneito, Arnau Bas i
name: Herrero-García, Juan
name: Vatsyayan, Drona
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the relic abundance of several stable particles from a generic dark sector, including the possible presence of dark asymmetries. After discussing the different possibilities for stabilising multi-component dark matter, we analyse the final relic abundance of the symmetric and asymmetric dark matter components, paying special attention to the role of the unavoidable conversions between dark matter states. We find an exponential dependence of the asymmetries of the heavier components on annihilations and conversions. We conclude that having similar symmetric and asymmetric components is a natural outcome in many scenarios of multi-component dark matter. This has novel phenomenological implications, which we briefly discuss.
description: 31 pages, 11 figures, 3 tables; Version published in JHEP
Herschel/SPIRE Sub-millimeter Spectra of Local Active Galaxies
Creators: name: Pereira-Santaella, Miguel
name: Spinoglio, Luigi
name: Busquet, Gemma
name: Wilson, Christine D.
name: Glenn, Jason
name: Isaak, Kate G.
name: Kamenetzky, Julia
name: Rangwala, Naseem
name: Schirm, Maximilien R. P.
name: Baes, Maarten
name: Barlow, Michael J.
name: Boselli, Alessandro
name: Cooray, Asantha
name: Cormier, Diane
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the sub-millimeter spectra from 450 GHz to 1550 GHz of eleven nearby active galaxies observed with the SPIRE Fourier Transform Spectrometer (SPIRE/FTS) onboard Herschel. We detect CO transitions from J_up = 4 to 12, as well as the two [CI] fine structure lines at 492 and 809 GHz and the [NII] 461 GHz line. We used radiative transfer models to analyze the observed CO spectral line energy distributions (SLEDs). The FTS CO data were complemented with ground-based observations of the low-J CO lines. We found that the warm molecular gas traced by the mid-J CO transitions has similar physical conditions (n_H2 ~ 10^3.2 - 10^3.9 cm^-3 and T_kin ~ 300 - 800 K) in most of our galaxies. Furthermore, we found that this warm gas is likely producing the mid-IR rotational H2 emission. We could not determine the specific heating mechanism of the warm gas, however it is possibly related to the star-formation activity in these galaxies. Our modeling of the [CI] emission suggests that it is produced in cold (T_kin < 30 K) and dense (n_H2 > 10^3 cm^-3) molecular gas. Transitions of other molecules are often detected in our SPIRE/FTS spectra. The HF J=1-0 transition at 1232 GHz is detected in absorption in UGC05101 and in emission in NGC7130. In the latter, near-infrared pumping, chemical pumping, or collisional excitation with electrons are plausible excitation mechanisms likely related to the AGN of this galaxy. In some galaxies few H2O emission lines are present. Additionally, three OH+ lines at 909, 971, and 1033 GHz are identified in NGC7130.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ; 20 pages, 9 figures
PESTRISK : ein GIS-basiertes Modell zur Risikoabschätzung der Auswirkungen von Pflanzenschutzmitteln auf die Wasserressourcen in ariden und semi-ariden Gebieten unter Berücksichtigung limitierter Datengrundlagen
Creators: name: Bardowicks, Karin
Publisher: name: Hannover : Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Simulation model
subject: pesticides
subject: water resources
subject: Simulationsmodell
subject: Pflanzenschutzmittel
subject: Wasserressourcen
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::630 | Landwirtschaft, Veterinärmedizin

description: [no abstract]
Strukturierungsverfahren und elektrische Transporteigenschaften von Graphen
Creators: name: Barthold, Patrick
Publisher: name: Hannover : Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Graphene
subject: nanomachining
subject: magnetotransport
subject: Graphen
subject: nanomechanisches Strukturieren
subject: Magnetotransport
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: [no abstract]
Prediction of Parallel Speed-ups for Las Vegas Algorithms
Creators: name: Truchet, Charlotte
name: Richoux, Florian
name: Codognet, Philippe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose a probabilistic model for the parallel execution of Las Vegas algorithms, i.e., randomized algorithms whose runtime might vary from one execution to another, even with the same input. This model aims at predicting the parallel performances (i.e., speedups) by analysis the runtime distribution of the sequential runs of the algorithm. Then, we study in practice the case of a particular Las Vegas algorithm for combinatorial optimization, on three classical problems, and compare with an actual parallel implementation up to 256 cores. We show that the prediction can be quite accurate, matching the actual speedups very well up to 100 parallel cores and then with a deviation of about 20% up to 256 cores.
description: 10 pages, 14 figures, 5 tables. Latex ACM Sigplan format
Analyse Vaccinia Virus induzierter Typ I Interferon Produktion und viraler Mechanismen zur Unterwanderung des Immunsystems
Creators: name: Anzaghe, Martina
Publisher: name: Hannover : Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Typ I Interferon
subject: dendritische Zellen
subject: Vaccinia Virus
subject: Type I interferon
subject: dendritic cells
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::610 | Medizin, Gesundheit

description: [no abstract]
Full-sky CMB lensing reconstruction in presence of sky-cuts
Creators: name: Benoit-Lévy, Aurélien
name: Déchelette, Typhaine
name: Benabed, Karim
name: Cardoso, Jean-François
name: Hanson, Duncan
name: Prunet, Simon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the reconstruction of the CMB lensing potential and its power spectrum of the full sphere in presence of sky-cuts due to point sources and Galactic contaminations. Those two effects are treated separately. Small regions contaminated by point sources are filled in using Gaussian constrained realizations. The Galactic plane is simply masked using an apodized mask before lensing reconstruction. This algorithm recovers the power spectrum of the lensing potential with no significant bias.
description: Submitted to A&A
Detecting chiral asymmetry in the interstellar medium using propylene-oxide
Creators: name: Lankhaar, Boy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: (Abridged) Life is distinctly homochiral. The origins of this homochirality are under active debate. Recently, propylene-oxide has been detected in the gas-phase interstellar medium (ISM) (McGuire et al. 2016). The enantiomeric composition of ISM propylene-oxide may be probed through circular polarization measurements, but accurate estimates of the circular dichroism properties of the microwave transitions of propylene-oxide are not available. We develop a model of the circular dichroic activity in torsion-rotation transitions of closed-shell chiral molecules, such as propylene-oxide. With this model, we estimate the viability, and optimize observation strategies, of enantiomeric excess detection in ISM propylene-oxide. We present estimates for the dichroic activity of the torsion-rotation transitions of propylene-oxide, where we predict that the circular polarization fractions of emission lines of enantiopure propylene-oxide relevant to astronomical detection of propylene-oxide are on the order of 10^(-6). Due to the low predicted circular polarization fractions, we conclude that enantiomeric characterization of propylene-oxide in the gas phase of the ISM is impossible with current astronomical observation techniques. We suggest that only chiral radical species may be viably employed for enantiomeric excess detection. We estimate that laboratory experiments may be successful in detecting the enantiomeric composition of a mixture of propylene-oxide through microwave dichroism spectroscopy. The theory we present in this paper provides a solid theoretical underpinning for such laboratory circular dichroism measurements in microwave transitions.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A
Molecular genetic characterization of the mouse truncate (tc) mutation
Creators: name: Ben Abdelkhalek, Hanaa
Publisher: name: Hannover : Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Truncate mutation
subject: notochord development
subject: node
subject: Not gene
subject: homeodomain protein
subject: Foxa2
subject: left-right asymmetry
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::570 | Biowissenschaften, Biologie

description: [no abstract]
Boost-invariant superfluid flows
Creators: name: Rodgers, Ronnie
name: Subils, Javier G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present some exact solutions to the ideal hydrodynamics of a relativistic superfluid with an almost-conformal equation of state. The solutions have stress tensors which are invariant under Lorentz boosts in one direction, and represent superfluid generalisations of the Bjorken and Gubser flows. We also study corrections to the flows in first-order hydrodynamics, arguing that dissipation is dominated by the shear viscosity. We present some simple numerical solutions for these viscous corrections. Finally, we estimate the size of corrections to the flows arising when the spontaneously broken $\mathrm{U}(1)$ symmetry responsible for superfluidity is only approximate, giving the corresponding Goldstone boson a small non-zero mass. We find that the massless solutions can still provide good approximations at sufficiently small spatial rapidities.
description: 22 pages + bibliography, 7 figure files
title: Rapid multi-class multi-residue method for the confirmation of chloramphenicol and eleven nitroimidazoles in milk and honey by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry
Creators: name: Cronly, Mark
Publisher: name: TU Dublin
Year: 2010

description: A confirmatory method has been developed to allow for the analysis of eleven nitroimidazoles and also chloramphenicol in milk and honey samples. These compounds are classified as A6 compounds in annex IV of council regulation 2377/90 and therefore prohibited for the use in animal husbandry. Milk samples are extracted by acetonitrile with addition of NaCl, while honey samples are first dissolved in water before a similar extraction. Honey extracts undergo a hexane wash to remove impurities. Both milk and honey extracts are evaporated to dryness and reconstituted in initial mobile phase. These are then injected onto an LC-MS/MS system and analysed in less than 9 minutes. The MS/MS is operated in MRM mode with positive and negative electrospray ionisation. The method is validated in accordance with Commission Decision 2002/657/EC and is capable of analysing for metronidazole, dimetridazole, ronidazole, ipronidazole and there hydroxy metabolites MNZ-OH, HMMNI and IPZ-OH. The method is also able to analyse for carnidazole, ornidazole, ternidazole, tinidazole and chloramphenicol. A level of 3 μg L-1 / μg kg-1 (RL) for MNZ, DMZ and RNZ has been recommended by the community reference laboratory responsible for this substance group and this method can easily detect all nitroimidazoles at this level. A minimum required performance level of 0.3μg L-1 / μg kg-1 is in place for chloramphenicol which the method can also easily detect. For nitroimidazoles the decision limits (CC) and detection capabilities (CC) range from 0.41 to 1.55μg L-1 and 0.70 to 2.64μg L-1 respectively in milk and from 0.38 to 1.16μg kg-1 and 0.66 to 1.98μg kg-1 respectively in honey. For chloramphenicol the values are 0.07 and 0.11μg L-1 in milk and 0.08 and 0.13μg kg-1 in honey. Validation criteria of accuracy, precision, repeatability and reproducibility along with measurement uncertainty are calculated for all analytes in both matrices.
Nonconforming finite element methods on quadrilateral meshes
Creators: name: Hu, Jun
name: Zhang, Shangyou
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: It is well-known that it is comparatively difficult to design nonconforming finite elements on quadrilateral meshes by using Gauss-Legendre points on each edge of triangulations. One reason lies in that these degrees of freedom associated to these Gauss-Legendre points are not all linearly independent for usual expected polynomial spaces, which explains why only several lower order nonconforming quadrilateral finite elements can be found in literature. The present paper proposes two families of nonconforming finite elements of any odd order and one family of nonconforming finite elements of any even order on quadrilateral meshes. Degrees of freedom are given for these elements, which are proved to be well-defined for their corresponding shape function spaces in a unifying way. These elements generalize three lower order nonconforming finite elements on quadrilaterals to any order. In addition, these nonconforming finite element spaces are shown to be full spaces which is somehow not discussed for nonconforming finite elements in literature before.
description: 23 pages
gamma-UPC: Automated generation of exclusive photon-photon processes in ultraperipheral proton and nuclear collisions with varying form factors
Creators: name: Shao, Hua-Sheng
name: d'Enterria, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The automated generation of arbitrary exclusive final states produced via photon fusion in ultraperipheral high-energy collisions of protons and/or nuclei is implemented in the MadGraph5_aMC@NLO and HelacOnia Monte Carlo codes. Cross sections are calculated in the equivalent photon approximation using $γ$ fluxes derived from electric dipole and charge form factors, and incorporating hadronic survival probabilities. Multiple examples of $γγ$ cross sections computed with this setup, named gamma-UPC, are presented for proton-proton, proton-nucleus, and nucleus-nucleus ultraperipheral collisions (UPCs) at the Large Hadron Collider and Future Circular Collider. Total photon-fusion cross sections for the exclusive production of spin-0,2 resonances (quarkonia, ditauonium, and Higgs boson; as well as axions and gravitons), and for pairs of particles ($J/ψJ/ψ$, WW, ZZ, Z$γ$, $t\bar{t}$, HH) are presented. Differential cross sections for exclusive dileptons and light-by-light scattering are compared to LHC data. This development paves the way for the upcoming automatic event generation of any UPC final state with electroweak corrections at next-to-leading-order accuracy and beyond.
description: 31 pages, 34 plots. Minimal changes. Version to appear in JHEP. Code downloadable at http://cern.ch/hshao/gammaupc.html
Temperature dependence of hole spin coherence in (In,Ga)As quantum dots measured by mode-locking and echo techniques
Creators: name: Varwig, S.
name: René, A.
name: Greilich, A.
name: Yakovlev, D. R.
name: Reuter, D.
name: Wieck, A. D.
name: Bayer, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The temperature dependence of the coherence time of hole spins confined in self-assembled (In,Ga)As/GaAs quantum dots is studied by spin mode-locking and spin echo techniques. Coherence times limited to about a μs are measured for temperatures below 8 K. For higher temperatures a fast drop occurs down to a few ns over a 10 K range. The hole-nuclear hyperfine interaction appears too weak to account for these limitations. We suggest that spin-orbit related interactions are the decisive sources for hole spin decoherence.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
title: 2018 Update to “An impact assessment of Great Lakes aquatic nonidigenous species”
Creators: name: Sturtevant, Rochelle A.
name: Lower, El
name: Boucher, Nicholas
name: Alsip, Peter
name: Hopper, Kylan
name: Iott, Susannah
name: Mason, Doran M.
name: Elgin, Ashley
name: Martinez, Felix A.
Publisher: name: Michigan Sea Grant Program University of Michigan Western Washington University Eastern Michigan University Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory United States. National Ocean Service National Centers for Coastal Ocean Science (U.S.)
Year: 2019

description: NOAA Technical Memorandum GLERL ; 161b
Nachhaltige Verwertung von Wertstoffströmen : Gewinnung von Ethanol aus einem Reststoff der Molkeverarbeitung
Creators: name: Benecke, Christian
Publisher: name: Hannover : Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Lactose
subject: whey
subject: nanofiltration
subject: Kluyveromyces
subject: Laktose
subject: Molke
subject: Ethanol
subject: Nanofiltration
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::630 | Landwirtschaft, Veterinärmedizin

description: [no abstract]
title: Endangered Species Act Section 7(a)(2) Biological Opinion for the Toro Creek Bridge Replacement Project at SR-1 in San Luis Obispo County (EA 05-0L721)
titleType: Other
Creators: name: United States. National Marine Fisheries Service
Publisher: name: United States. National Marine Fisheries Service
Year: 2019

description: ESA Section 7 Consultation ; WCRO-2019-01808
Near-infrared spectroscopy of 1999 JU3, the target of the Hayabusa 2 mission
Creators: name: Pinilla-Alonso, N.
name: Lorenzi, V.
name: Campins, H.
name: deLeon, J.
name: Licandro, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. Primitive asteroids contain complex organic material and ices relevant to the origin of life on Earth. These types of asteroids are the target of several-sample return missions to be launched in the next years. 1999 JU3 is the target of the Japanese Aerospace Exploration Agency's Hayabusa 2 mission. Aims. 1999 JU3 has been previously identified as a C-class asteroid. Spectroscopic observations at longer wavelengths will help to constrain its composition. Methods. We obtained spectroscopy of 1999 JU3 from 0.85 to 2.2 microns, with the 3.6 m Telescopio Nazionale Galileo using the low resolution mode of the Near Infrared Camera Spectrograph. Results. We present a near-infrared spectrum of 1999 JU3 from 0.85 to 2.2microns that is consistent with previously published spectra and with its C-type classification. Conclusions. Our spectrum confirms the primitive nature of 1999 JU3 and its interest as target of the sample-return mission Hayabusa 2.
description: Research Note: 3 pages 1 Figure Received December 2012; accepted 4 March 2013
Temporal networks of face-to-face human interactions
Creators: name: Barrat, Alain
name: Cattuto, Ciro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The ever increasing adoption of mobile technologies and ubiquitous services allows to sense human behavior at unprecedented levels of details and scale. Wearable sensors are opening up a new window on human mobility and proximity at the finest resolution of face-to-face proximity. As a consequence, empirical data describing social and behavioral networks are acquiring a longitudinal dimension that brings forth new challenges for analysis and modeling. Here we review recent work on the representation and analysis of temporal networks of face-to-face human proximity, based on large-scale datasets collected in the context of the SocioPatterns collaboration. We show that the raw behavioral data can be studied at various levels of coarse-graining, which turn out to be complementary to one another, with each level exposing different features of the underlying system. We briefly review a generative model of temporal contact networks that reproduces some statistical observables. Then, we shift our focus from surface statistical features to dynamical processes on empirical temporal networks. We discuss how simple dynamical processes can be used as probes to expose important features of the interaction patterns, such as burstiness and causal constraints. We show that simulating dynamical processes on empirical temporal networks can unveil differences between datasets that would otherwise look statistically similar. Moreover, we argue that, due to the temporal heterogeneity of human dynamics, in order to investigate the temporal properties of spreading processes it may be necessary to abandon the notion of wall-clock time in favour of an intrinsic notion of time for each individual node, defined in terms of its activity level. We conclude highlighting several open research questions raised by the nature of the data at hand.
description: Chapter of the book "Temporal Networks", Springer, 2013. Series: Understanding Complex Systems. Holme, Petter; Saram\"aki, Jari (Eds.)
Near-Infrared Spectroscopy of Infrared-Excess Stellar Objects in the Young Supernova Remnant G54.1+0.3
Creators: name: Kim, Hyun-Jeong
name: Koo, Bon-Chul
name: Moon, Dae-Sik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of broadband near-infrared spectroscopic observations of the recently discovered mysterious stellar objects in the young supernova remnant G54.1+0.3. These objects, which show significant mid-infrared excess emission, are embedded in a diffuse loop structure of ~1 arcmin in radius. Their near-infrared spectra reveal characteristics of late O- or early B-type stars with numerous H and He I absorption lines, and we classify their spectral types to be between O9 and B2 based on an empirical relation derived here between the equivalent widths of the H lines and stellar photospheric temperatures. The spectral types, combined with the results of spectral energy distribution fits, constrain the distance to the objects to be 6.0 +/- 0.4 kpc. The photometric spectral types of the objects are consistent with those from the spectroscopic analyses, and the extinction distributions indicate a local enhancement of matter in the western part of the loop. If these objects originate via triggered formation by the progenitor star of G54.1+0.3, then their formations likely began during the later evolutionary stages of the progenitor, although a rather earlier formation may still be possible. If the objects and the progenitor belong to the same cluster of stars, then our results constrain the progenitor mass of G54.1+0.3 to be between 18 and ~35 M_sun and suggest that G54.1+0.3 was either a Type IIP supernova or, with a relatively lower possibility, Type Ib/c from a binary system.
description: 22 pages, 8 figures, 4 tables; accepted for publication in ApJ
Molecular mechanisms of thyroid hormone action in the Pax8-/- mouse model of congenital hypothyroidism
Creators: name: Mittag, Jens
Publisher: name: Hannover : Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Congenital hypothyroidism
subject: pituitary
subject: infertility
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::610 | Medizin, Gesundheit

description: [no abstract]
Scalar mesons and tetraquarks from twisted mass lattice QCD
Creators: name: Wagner, Marc
name: Alexandrou, Constantia
name: Daldrop, Jan Oliver
name: Brida, Mattia Dalla
name: Gravina, Mario
name: Scorzato, Luigi
name: Urbach, Carsten
name: Wiese, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study light scalar mesons with particular focus on the a_0(980) using lattice QCD with 2+1+1 dynamical quark flavors. To investigate the structure of these scalar mesons and to identify, whether a sizeable tetraquark component is present, we use a large set of operators, including diquark-antidiquark, mesonic molecule and two-meson operators. We find that the low-lying states overlap essentially exclusively with two-meson states. This indicates that in the channels investigated no tightly bound four-quark states of either molecular or diquark-antidiquark type exist.
description: 6 pages, 1 figure, talk given at "Excited QCD 2013", February 3-9 2013, Bjelasnica Mountain, Sarajevo, Bosnia
Mutual relationships in taxation procedure : a survey of family firms' tax compliance, tax auditors' negotiation strategy and time consumption
Creators: name: Peuthert, Benjamin M.
Publisher: name: Hannover : Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: tax audit
subject: tax compliance
subject: tax avoidance
subject: tax evasion
subject: family firms
subject: negotiation strategies
subject: time consumption
subject: audit duration
subject: Betriebsprüfung
subject: Einhaltung der Steuervorschriften
subject: Steuervermeidung
subject: Steuerhinterziehung
subject: Familienunternehmen
subject: Verhandlungsstrategien
subject: Zeitverbrauch
subject: Prüfungsdauer
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::300 | Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie, Anthropologie::330 | Wirtschaft

description: [no abstract]
Energy extraction from AdS black holes via superradiance
Creators: name: Ishii, Takaaki
name: Kaku, Youka
name: Murata, Keiju
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Superradiance is known as a wave amplification process caused by rotating or charged black holes. We argue that the superradiance of stationary black holes in asymptotically AdS spacetimes can be characterized by the ability of energy extraction. Specifically, we demonstrate that energy can be extracted from Reissner-Nordström-AdS$_4$ and Kerr-AdS$_4$ under appropriate time-dependent boundary conditions at conformal boundaries. This indicates that energy can be extracted from thermal states dual to these black holes by applying appropriate time-dependent sources. We also show that the energy extraction can be realized as a reversible process.
description: 25 pages, 7 figures
Overview of thermodynamic properties for Reissner-Nordstrom-de Sitter spacetime in induced phase space
Creators: name: Du, Yun-Zhi
name: Li, Huai-Fan
name: Zhao, Ren
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Since the black hole and cosmological horizons in the de Sitter (dS) spacetime with the Reissner-Nordstrom (RN) black hole are not independent to each other, which is caused by the gravitational effect, the interplay between two horizons should be considered. Based on this, by introducing the interactive entropy the RN-dS spacetime is analogous to a thermodynamic system with various thermodynamic quantities, in which the thermodynamic laws still hold on. In our work, the thermodynamic properties of the RN-dS spacetime are mapped out in the induced phase space, which are similar to that in AdS black holes. The phase transition of the RN-dS spacetime between the high-potential and the low-potential black hole phases is observed. Compared with an ordinary thermodynamic system, the similar behaviors about the Joule-Thomson expansion and the critical exponents are also checked out. Finally, the scalar curvature of two existent phases are presented to reveal the underlying microstructure and nature of phase transition in the RN-dS spacetime, which opens a new window to investigate the dS spacetime with black holes from a observational perspective.
Multinational enterprises in Ukraine : the relationship between local institutional quality and innovation outcome
Creators: name: Zvirgzde, Daria Igorivna
Publisher: name: Hannover : Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Multinational enterprises
subject: institutational quality
subject: innovation outcome
subject: Multinationale Konzerne
subject: institutionelle Qualität
subject: Innovationsfähigkeit
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::300 | Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie, Anthropologie::330 | Wirtschaft

description: [no abstract]