cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Knowledge-refined Denoising Network for Robust Recommendation
Creators: name: Zhu, Xinjun
name: Du, Yuntao
name: Mao, Yuren
name: Chen, Lu
name: Hu, Yujia
name: Gao, Yunjun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Knowledge graph (KG), which contains rich side information, becomes an essential part to boost the recommendation performance and improve its explainability. However, existing knowledge-aware recommendation methods directly perform information propagation on KG and user-item bipartite graph, ignoring the impacts of \textit{task-irrelevant knowledge propagation} and \textit{vulnerability to interaction noise}, which limits their performance. To solve these issues, we propose a robust knowledge-aware recommendation framework, called \textit{Knowledge-refined Denoising Network} (KRDN), to prune the task-irrelevant knowledge associations and noisy implicit feedback simultaneously. KRDN consists of an adaptive knowledge refining strategy and a contrastive denoising mechanism, which are able to automatically distill high-quality KG triplets for aggregation and prune noisy implicit feedback respectively. Besides, we also design the self-adapted loss function and the gradient estimator for model optimization. The experimental results on three benchmark datasets demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of KRDN over the state-of-the-art knowledge-aware methods like KGIN, MCCLK, and KGCL, and also outperform robust recommendation models like SGL and SimGCL.
Gas distribution in ODISEA sources from ALMA long-baseline observations in $^{12}$CO(2-1)
Creators: name: Antilen, Juanita
name: Casassus, Simon
name: Cieza, Lucas A.
name: González-Ruilova, Camilo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The $^{12}$CO rotational lines in protoplanetary discs are good tracers of the total spatial extension of the gas component, and potentially planet-disc interactions. We present ALMA long baseline observations of the $^{12}$CO(2-1) line of ten protoplanetary discs from the Ophiuchus DIsc Survey Employing ALMA (ODISEA) project, aiming to set constraints on the gas distribution of these sources. The position angle of the gaseous disc can be inferred for five sources using high-velocity channels, which trace the gas in the inner part of the disc. We compare the high-velocity PAs to the orientations inferred from the continuum, representative of the orientation over $\sim$ 53 to 256 au in these resolved discs. We find a significant difference in orientation for DoAr 44, which is evidence of a tilted inner disc. Eight discs show evidence of gas inside inner dust cavities or gaps, and the disc of ISO-Oph 196 is not detected in $^{12}$CO(2-1), except for the compact signal located inside its dust cavity. Our observations also point out a possible outflow in WLY 2-63.
Step-s involutive families of vector fields, their orbits and the Poincaré inequality
Creators: name: Montanari, Annamaria
name: Morbidelli, Daniele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C17, 53C12

description: We consider a family of $C^1$ vector fields satisfying a suitable higher order involutivity condition. We discuss the definition of commutators, the regularity of Sussmann's orbits and the Poincaré inequality.
description: Added Section 5
Emergent geometry through holomorphic matrix models
Creators: name: Pietromonaco, Stephen
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Over the years, deep insights into string theory and supersymmetric gauge theories have come from studying geometry emerging from matrix models. In this thesis, I study the ℕ = 1* and ℕ = 2* theories from which an elliptic curve with modular parameter τ is known to emerge, alongside an elliptic function called the generalized resolvent into which the physics is encoded. This is indicative of the common origin of the two theories in ℕ = 4 SYM. The ℕ = 1* Dijkgraaf-Vafa matrix model is intrinsically holomorphic with parameter space corresponding to the upper-half plane ℍ. The Dijkgraaf-Vafa matrix model ’t Hooft coupling S(τ) has been previously shown to be holomorphic on ℍ and quasi-modular with respect to SL(2,ℤ). The allowed ℕ = 2* coupling is constrained to a Hermitian slice through the enlarged moduli space of the holomorphic ℕ = 1* model. After explicitly constructing the map from the elliptic curve to the eigenvalue plane, I argue that the ℕ = 1* coupling S(τ) encodes data reminiscent of ℕ = 2*. A collection of extrema (saddle-points) of S(τ) behave curiously like the quantum critical points of ℕ = 2* theory. For the first critical point, the match is exact. This collection of points lie on the line of degeneration which behaves in a sense, like a boundary at infinity I also show explicitly that the emergent elliptic curve along with the generalized resolvent allow one to recover exact eigenvalue densities. At weak coupling, my method reproduces the inverse square root of ℕ = 2* as well as the Wigner semicircle in ℕ = 1*. At strong coupling in ℕ = 1*, I provide encouraging evidence of the parabolic density arising in the neighborhood of the line of degeneration. To my knowledge, the parabolic density has only been observed asymptotically. It is interesting to see evidence that it may be exactly encoded in the other form of emergent geometry: the elliptic curve with the generalized resolvent.
Extended antigen sparing potential of AS03-adjuvanted pandemic H1N1 vaccines in children, and immunological equivalence of two formulations of AS03-adjuvanted H1N1 vaccines: results from two randomised trials
Creators: name: Launay, Odile
name: Duval, Xavier
name: Fitoussi, Serge
name: Jilg, Wolfgang
name: Kerdpanich, Angkool
name: Montellano, May
name: Schwarz, Tino F.
name: Watanveerade, Veerachai
name: Wenzel, Jürgen J.
name: Zalcman, Gerard
name: Bambure, Vinod
name: Li, Ping
name: Caplanusi, Adrian
name: Madan, Anuradha
name: Gillard, Paul
name: Vaughn, David W.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: H1N1, Pandemic influenza vaccine, Influenza virus, Children, Adults, Persistence, Immunogenicity, Manufacturing capacity, Antigen dose reduction
subject: 610 Medizin

description: Background Pandemic influenza vaccine manufacturing capacity and distribution agility is enhanced through the availability of equivalent antigen-sparing vaccines. We evaluated equivalence in terms of immunogenicity between GlaxoSmithKline Vaccines’ A/California/7/2009 (H1N1)v-like-AS03 vaccines manufactured in Dresden (D-Pan), and Quebec (Q-Pan). Methods In two studies, 334 adults 18-60 years of age received 2 doses of D-Pan or Q-Pan containing 3.75 μg haemagglutinin antigen (HA) adjuvanted with AS03A administered 21 days apart, and 209 children 3-9 years of age received 1 reduced dose of D-Panor Q-Pan (0.9 μg HA) or Q-Pan (1.9 μg HA) with AS03B. Haemagglutination inhibition (HI) titres were assessed before and 21 days post-vaccination. HI persistence was assessed after 12 months in adults and 6 months in children. Results Pre-defined criteria for immunological equivalence of Q-Pan versus D-Pan were achieved in both populations. After one vaccine dose, ≥97.6% of adults and children had HI titres ≥1:40, with increases in titre ≥25.7-fold. CHMP and CBER regulatory acceptance criteria for influenza vaccines were exceeded by all groups in both studies at Day 21. In adults,the percentage with HI titres ≥1:40 at Month 12 was 82.9% (Q-Pan) and 84.0% (D-Pan). In children, the percentages at Month 6 were 75.3.3% (Q-Pan0.9), 85.1% (D-Pan0.9) and 79.3% (Q-Pan1.9). Safety profile of the study vaccines was consistent with previously published data. Conclusion Two studies indicate that A/California/7/2009 (H1N1)v-like HA manufactured at two sites and combined with AS03 are equivalent in terms of immunogenicity in adults and children and highly immunogenic. Different HA doses elicited an adequate immune response through 180 days post-vaccination in children 3-9 years of age.
Newton's second law as limit of variational problems
Creators: name: Mainini, Edoardo
name: Percivale, Danilo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We show that the solution of the Cauchy problem for the classical ode $m \mathbf y''=\mathbf f$ can be obtained as limit of minimizers of exponentially weighted convex variational integrals. This complements the known results about weighted inertia-energy approach to Lagrangian mechanics and hyperbolic equations.
Foodborne hepatitis A outbreak associated with bakery products in northern Germany, 2012
Creators: name: Harries, M.
name: Monazahian, M.
name: Wenzel, Jürgen J.
name: Jilg, Wolfgang
name: Weber, M.
name: Ehlers, J.
name: Dreesman, J.
name: Mertens, E.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin

description: In October 2012, a hepatitis A (HA) outbreak with 83 laboratory-confirmed cases occurred in Lower Saxony. We defined primary outbreak cases as people with laboratory-confirmed HA and symptom onset between 8 October and 12 November 2012, residing in or visiting the affected districts. Secondary outbreak cases were persons with symptom onset after 12 November 2012 and close contact with primary cases. We identified 77 primary and six secondary cases. We enrolled 50 primary cases and 52 controls matched for age and sex, and found that 82% of cases and 60% of controls had consumed products from a particular bakery (OR=3.09; 95% CI: 1.15–8.68). Cases were more likely to have eaten sweet pastries (OR=5.74; 95% CI: 1.46–22.42). Viral isolates from five selected cases and three positively tested surfaces in the bakery had identical nucleotide sequences. One additional identical isolate derived from a salesperson of the bakery suffering from a chronic disease that required immunosuppressive treatment. Epidemiological and laboratory findings suggested that the salesperson contaminated products while packing and selling. Future risk assessment should determine whether food handlers with chronic diseases under immunosuppressive treatment could be more at risk of contaminating food and might benefit from HAV immunisation.
Local Jacquet-Langlands correspondences for simple supercuspidal representations
Creators: name: Imai, Naoki
name: Tsushima, Takahiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11F70, 11L05

description: We give a description of the local Jacquet-Langlands correspondence for simple supercuspidal representations via type theory. As a consequence, we show that the endo-classes for such representations are invariant under the local Jacquet-Langlands correspondence.
description: 15 pages
Atmospheres and radiating surfaces of neutron stars with strong magnetic fields
Creators: name: Potekhin, A. Y.
name: Ho, W. C. G.
name: Chabrier, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review the current status of the theory of thermal emission from the surface layers of neutron stars with strong magnetic fields $B\sim 10^{10}-10^{15}$ G, including formation of the spectrum in a partially ionized atmosphere and at a condensed surface. In particular, we describe recent progress in modeling partially ionized atmospheres of central compact objects in supernova remnants, which may have moderately strong fields $B\sim 10^{10}-10^{11}$ G. Special attention is given to polarization of thermal radiation emitted by a neutron star surface. Finally, we briefly describe applications of the theory to observations of thermally emitting isolated neutron stars.
description: 27 pages, 5 figures, invited review at the conference "The Modern Physics of Compact Stars 2015" (Yerevan, Armenia, Sept. 30 - Oct. 3, 2015), edited by R. Avagyan, A. Saharian, and A. Sedrakian. In v.2, a citation (Ref.114) is corrected
Design Research at the Border of Art, Technology, and Healthcare: Interdisciplinary Challenges of Games for Health Research
Creators: name: Tece Bayrak, Aslı
Publisher: name: Media Design School
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 4607
subject: Graphics, augmented reality and games
classificationCode: 420302
subject: Digital health

description: Healthcare research is increasingly becoming more multidisciplinary with the involvement of various disciplines outside the medical sciences including but not limited to engineering, computer science, human-computer interaction, and games. Since game development is interdisciplinary, games for health (G4H) encloses transitions between technology, humanities, social sciences, and health & rehabilitation. At an overlapping discourse of multi-disciplinarity, inter-disciplinarity, and trans-disciplinarity, this paper presents design research as a core research 
methodology for G4H research via reflecting on a G4H project. The aims of the paper are (1) motivating the use of design research for G4H, (2) reflecting on the challenges of interdisciplinary research, and (3) initiating a discourse for a  more informed research practice and a well-directed research future in the areas of G4H.
Prevalence of hepatitis E virus infection in pediatric solid organ transplant recipients - A single-center experience
Creators: name: Hoerning, André
name: Hegen, Bianca
name: Wingen, Anne-Margret
name: Cetiner, Metin
name: Lainka, Elke
name: Kathemann, Simone
name: Fiedler, Melanie
name: Timm, Jörg
name: Wenzel, Jürgen J.
name: Hoyer, Peter F.
name: Gerner, Patrick
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: hepatitis E Virus – renal transplantation – liver transplantation
subject: 610 Medizin

description: HEV infection appears to be an emerging disease in industrialized countries. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of HEV infection in pediatric solid organ transplant recipients. One hundred and twenty‐four pediatric recipients of liver (n = 41) or kidney (n = 83) transplants aged between one and 18 yr were screened for anti‐HEV IgG antibodies. Patients were tested for fecal HEV RNA excretion if they showed anti‐HEV seropositivity. As a control group, 108 immunocompetent pediatric patients without liver disease aged between three and 18 yr were screened for anti‐HEV IgG. HEV seroprevalence was 2.4% in renal Tx (2/83), 4.9% in liver Tx patients (2/41), and 3.2% overall (4/124). Three of these four patients were HEV RNA‐negative. In one renal transplant patient, HEV genotype 3 RNA excretion persisted and liver enzymes were elevated, indicating chronic hepatitis. In the control group, eight patients (7.4%) were HEV IgG‐positive without biochemical evidence of hepatitis. The prevalence of HEV infection in pediatric renal or liver transplant recipients is not higher compared with immunocompetent children. Chronic HEV infection with long‐term carriage of the virus may develop in pediatric transplant recipients. Autochthonous HEV infection needs to be considered in uncertain cases of hepatitis in immunosuppressed as well as immunocompetent children.
title: Ultrasound diagnosis of a painful knee.
title: Diagnostic échographique d’un genou douloureux.
Creators: name: Ajlani, Houda
Publisher: name: Revue Marocaine de Rhumatologie (RMR)
Year: 2021
Subjects: Diagnostic; Echographie; Genou.

description: The advent of ultrasound in rheumatology as a non-invasive and accessible imaging method has revolutionized the diagnostic approach of several musculoskeletal diseases. In particular, knee ultrasound has been gaining an increasingly important role, due to its superficial nature and the presence of numerous anatomical landmarks. Indeed, in trained experienced hands, ultrasound of the knee has become a useful complement to the clinical evaluation. The aim of this article was to highlight the role of ultrasound in the diagnosis of knee-related disorders.
description: L’avènement de l’échographie en rhumatologie a révolutionné l’approche diagnostique de nombreuses pathologies de l’appareil musculosquelettique. Une attention particulière a été prêtée à l’articulation du genou, qui de par son caractère superficiel et la présence de nombreux repères anatomiques, la rendent facilement accessible. En effet, , l’échographie du genou complète utilement l’évaluation clinique. Nous décrivons dans cet article l’intérêt de l’examen échographique dans le diagnostic des pathologies relatives au genou.
“CAD-on” interfaces - a fracture mechanics characterization
Creators: name: Walker, Peter David
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Abstract Objective: “CAD-on” crowns, consisting of CAD/CAM milled lithium disilicate (LS2) veneers glass-fused to CAD/CAM milled yttrium oxide stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystal (Y-TZP) framework, have shown promise in increasing veneer fracture resistance. The glass fusion technique is purported to result in stronger bonding between veneer and framework when compared to conventional veneering. The objective of this study was to apply fracture mechanics methodology to characterize the interfaces present in “CAD-on” crowns. Methods: The notchless triangular prism (NTP) specimen fracture toughness (KIC) test was used to determine interfacial KIC. Four groups, each consisting of 6X6X6X12mm NTP specimens (n=22), were produced from IPS Emax CAD (LS2), IPS Emax ZirCAD (Y-TZP), and IPS Emax ZirPress and crystal connect™(CC) fusing glass. Groups I (Emax/CC/Emax), II (Zir/CC/Zir), and III (Zir/CC/Emax) utilized half-size (6X6X6X6mm) NTP specimens approximated under vibration with the connecting glass and sintered according to manufacturers’ guidelines. Group IV specimens were coated with ZirLiner and pressed with IPS Emax ingots. The specimens were tested using a computer controlled (Bluehill) Instron 4301. Results were analyzed with one-way ANOVA, Scheffé multiple means comparisons (α=0.05) and Weibull statistics. All fractured surfaces were characterized with a light microscope. Selected fractured interfaces were characterized under a scanning electron microscope. Results: Groups I-III demonstrated a cohesive mode of failure. Number and size of defects appeared to correlate with the variability of K1C values. There were no significant differences between the KIC values of the “CAD-on” interfaces. Interfacial KIC values were limited by KIC of CC. The “CAD-on” KIC value was significantly greater than that of the ZirPress control. Conclusion: Based on the results obtained, KIC of interfaces produced during the “CAD-on” technique appear to be limited by the interfacial KIC of the connecting glass and the defects produced during processing. In this study, “CAD-on” produced veneers had stronger interfacial KIC than a conventionally veneered control group.
Hepatitis A Outbreak in Europe: Imported Frozen Berry Mix Suspected to be the Source of At least One Infection in Austria in 2013
Creators: name: Wenzel, J. J.
name: Schemmerer, Mathias
name: Oberkofler, H.
name: Kerschner, H.
name: Sinha, P.
name: Koidl, C.
name: Allerberger, Franz
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Hepatitis A, Outbreak, Berries, Genotyping
subject: 610 Medizin

description: We tested 19 sera from Austrian patients with acute hepatitis A. A serum from a 48-year-old female patient yielded HAV-nucleic acid that showed 99.7 % homology to the HAV-sequence obtained from samples taken during the current outbreak in several European countries, which is associated with consumption of frozen berries. So far, Austria was considered not to be affected by this hepatitis A outbreak.
Hybrid models for simulating blood flow in microvascular networks
Creators: name: Vidotto, Ettore
name: Koch, Timo
name: Köppl, Tobias
name: Helmig, Rainer
name: Wohlmuth, Barbara
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 76S05, 76Z05, 92C10, 92B99

description: In this paper, we are concerned with the simulation of blood flow in microvascular networks and the surrounding tissue. To reduce the computational complexity of this issue, the network structures are modeled by a one-dimensional graph, whose location in space is determined by the centerlines of the three-dimensional vessels. The surrounding tissue is considered as a homogeneous porous medium. Darcy's equation is used to simulate flow in the extra-vascular space, where the mass exchange with the blood vessels is accounted for by means of line source terms. However, this model reduction approach still causes high computational costs, in particular, when larger parts of an organ have to be simulated. This observation motivates the consideration of a further model reduction step. Thereby, we homogenize the fine scale structures of the microvascular networks resulting in a new hybrid approach modeling the fine scale structures as a heterogeneous porous medium and the flow in the larger vessels by one-dimensional flow equations. Both modeling approaches are compared with respect to mass fluxes and averaged pressures. The simulations have been performed on a microvascular network that has been extracted from the cortex of a rat brain.
The Impact of Symmetry: Explaining Contradictory Results Concerning Working Memory, Reasoning, and Complex Problem Solving
Creators: name: Zech, Alexandra
name: Bühner, Markus
name: Kröner, Stephan
name: Heene, Moritz
name: Hilbert, Sven
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: symmetry; content; working memory; reasoning; complex problem solving; MultiFlux
subject: 370 Erziehung, Schul- und Bildungswesen

description: Findings of studies on the unique effects of reasoning and working memory regarding complex problem solving are inconsistent. To find out if these inconsistencies are due to a lack of symmetry between the studies, we reconsidered the findings of three published studies on this issue, which resulted in conflicting conclusions regarding the inter-relations between reasoning, working memory, and complex problem solving. This was achieved by analysing so far unpublished problem solving data from the study of Bühner, Krumm, Ziegler, and Plücken (2006) (N= 124). One of the three published studies indicated unique effects of working memory and reasoning on complex problem solving using aggregated scores, a second study found no unique contribution of working memory using only figural scores, and a third study reported a unique influence only for reasoning using only numerical scores. Our data featured an evaluation of differences across content facets and levels of aggregation of the working memory scores. Path models showed that the results of the first study could not be replicated using content aggregated scores; the results of the second study could be replicated if only figural scores were used, and the results of the third study could be obtained by using only numerical scores. For verbal content, none of the published results could be replicated. This leads to the assumption that not only symmetry is an issue when correlating non-symmetrical data, but that content also has to be taken into account when comparing different studies on the same topic
From Fixed Points to the Fifth Dimension
Creators: name: Sundrum, Raman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: 4D Lorentzian conformal field theory (CFT) is mapped into 5D anti-de Sitter spacetime (AdS), from the viewpoint of "geometrizing" conformal current algebra. A large-N expansion of the CFT is shown to lead to (infinitely many) weakly coupled AdS particles, in one-to-one correspondence with minimal-color-singlet CFT primary operators. If all but a finite number of "protected" primary operators have very large scaling dimensions, it is shown that there exists a low-AdS-curvature effective field theory regime for the corresponding finite set of AdS particles. Effective 5D gauge theory and General Relativity on AdS are derived in this way from the most robust examples of protected CFT primaries, Noether currents of global symmetries and the energy-momentum tensor. Witten's prescription for computing CFT local operator correlators within the AdS dual is derived. The main new contribution is the derivation of 5D locality of AdS couplings. This is accomplished by studying a confining IR-deformation of the CFT in the large-N "planar" approximation, where the discrete spectrum and existence of an S-matrix allow the constraints of unitarity and crossing symmetry to be solved (in standard fashion) by a tree-level expansion in terms of 4D local "glueball" couplings. When the deformation is carefully removed, this 4D locality (with plausible technical assumptions specifying its precise nature) combines with the restored conformal symmetry to yield 5D AdS locality. The sense in which AdS/CFT duality illustrates the possibility of emergent relativity, and the special role of strong coupling, are briefly discussed. Care is taken to conclude each step with well-defined mathematical expressions and convergent integrals.
description: 66 pages. Fuller discussion of AdS locality and underlying technical assumptions. References added. Accepted for publication in PRD
The benefits of believing you can change: implicit malleability theories moderate the relationship between low self-esteem and negative outcomes
Creators: name: Conigrave, James
Publisher: name: Australian Catholic University
Year: 2018

description: There are at least two ways to combat the negative effects of low self-esteem: directly improve people’s self-esteem, or to decouple the link between low self-esteem and negative outcomes (Hayes & Ciarrochi, 2015). Incremental theories are implicit beliefs that people’s attributes are malleable. In this thesis I argue that subscription to these beliefs may help combat the negative effects of low self-esteem. Incremental theories make individuals less likely to make trait attributions as a result of failure and so may prevent low-self-esteem from occurring in response to failure. Incremental theories may also make people less likely to treat negative self-evaluations as truths that permanently define them, thus decoupling the link between low self-esteem and negative outcomes. In study 1, I conducted a systematic review to examine the link between incremental theories and self-concept. I synthesize the results of 34 studies and found that incremental theories and self-esteem were modestly correlated (r = .16; 95% CI [0.11, 0.2]). In study 2 and 3, I examined the extent that perceptions of self-malleability moderated the link between self-esteem and negative outcomes. I surveyed 489 Australian female high school students (age: M = 14.7; SD = 1.5) and a representative sample of 7,884 adult Americans of both genders (age: M = 47.9; SD = 16; 52.5% female) respectively. Moderation analyses in both samples showed that the links between low self-esteem and negative outcomes (lower wellbeing and achievement) were weaker for those with stronger incremental theories. While in those with high self-esteem there was little difference in wellbeing and achievement regardless of the level of incremental theories; in those with low self-esteem strong incremental theories had substantially higher levels of wellbeing and achievement. People are likely to experience fluctuations in self-esteem due to success, failure, and social rejection. Incremental theories may help people respond to low self-esteem in more adaptive ways resulting in improved wellbeing and achievement.
Predicting the Impact of Measures Against P2P Networks on the Transient Behaviors
Creators: name: Altman, Eitan
name: Nain, Philippe
name: Shwartz, Adam
name: Xu, Yuedong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The paper has two objectives. The first is to study rigorously the transient behavior of some P2P networks whenever information is replicated and disseminated according to epidemic-like dynamics. The second is to use the insight gained from the previous analysis in order to predict how efficient are measures taken against peer-to-peer (P2P) networks. We first introduce a stochastic model which extends a classical epidemic model and characterize the P2P swarm behavior in presence of free riding peers. We then study a second model in which a peer initiates a contact with another peer chosen randomly. In both cases the network is shown to exhibit a phase transition: a small change in the parameters causes a large change in the behavior of the network. We show, in particular, how the phase transition affects measures that content provider networks may take against P2P networks that distribute non-authorized music or books, and what is the efficiency of counter-measures.
description: IEEE Infocom (2011)
title: "Statua ritratto di fanciulla", arte romana, inv. CVC (ITA/EN)
title: Scheda catalogo digitale Borghese
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Ciccarello, Giulia
name: Galleria Borghese
Publisher: name: Galleria Borghese
Year: 2024

description: Pubblicazione delle schede delle opere conservate nel museo ed estratte dal catalogo digitale di

Galleria Borghese, nelle due versioni esistenti online, in italiano e inglese.

Collegamento al catalogo digitale:

ITA: https://www.collezionegalleriaborghese.it/

EN: https://www.collezionegalleriaborghese.it/en
Designing quantum experiments with a genetic algorithm
Creators: name: Nichols, Rosanna
name: Mineh, Lana
name: Rubio, Jesús
name: Matthews, Jonathan C. F.
name: Knott, Paul A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We introduce a genetic algorithm that designs quantum optics experiments for engineering quantum states with specific properties. Our algorithm is powerful and flexible, and can easily be modified to find methods of engineering states for a range of applications. Here we focus on quantum metrology. First, we consider the noise-free case, and use the algorithm to find quantum states with a large quantum Fisher information (QFI). We find methods, which only involve experimental elements that are available with current or near-future technology, for engineering quantum states with up to a 100-fold improvement over the best classical state, and a 20-fold improvement over the optimal Gaussian state. Such states are a superposition of the vacuum with a large number of photons (around $80$), and can hence be seen as Schrödinger-cat-like states. We then apply the two most dominant noise sources in our setting -- photon loss and imperfect heralding -- and use the algorithm to find quantum states that still improve over the optimal Gaussian state with realistic levels of noise. This will open up experimental and technological work in using exotic non-Gaussian states for quantum-enhanced phase measurements. Finally, we use the Bayesian mean square error to look beyond the regime of validity of the QFI, finding quantum states with precision enhancements over the alternatives even when the experiment operates in the regime of limited data.
description: 11 pages + Appendix, 9 figures
Stable lattice Boltzmann schemes with a dual entropy approach for monodimensional nonlinear waves
Creators: name: Dubois, François
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We follow the mathematical framework proposed by Bouchut and present in this contribution a dual entropy approach for determining equilibrium states of a lattice Boltzmann scheme. This method is expressed in terms of the dual of the mathematical entropy relative to the underlying conservation law. It appears as a good mathematical framework for establishing a "H-theorem" for the system of equations with discrete velocities. The dual entropy approach is used with D1Q3 lattice Boltzmann schemes for the Burgers equation. It conducts to the explicitation of three different equilibrium distributions of particles and induces naturally a nonlinear stability condition. Satisfactory numerical results for strong nonlinear shocks and rarefactions are presented. We prove also that the dual entropy approach can be applied with a D1Q3 lattice Boltzmann scheme for systems of linear and nonlinear acoustics and we present a numerical result with strong nonlinear waves for nonlinear acoustics. We establish also a negative result: with the present framework, the dual entropy approach cannot be used for the shallow water equations.
description: 27 pages
On Gauge Theories of Neutrino Masses and Dark Matter
Creators: name: Debnath, Hridoy
name: Perez, Pavel Fileviez
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the predictions in the simplest theory for neutrino masses based on the spontaneous breaking of local lepton number. This theory provides a simple theoretical framework to understand the possible relation between the origin of neutrino masses and the nature of the dark matter. In this theory, one of the fields needed for anomaly cancellation is a dark matter candidate and the local lepton number is broken at the low scale. We discuss in great detail the dark matter properties showing the allowed parameter space by the relic density bounds and the predictions for direct detection. The predictions for gamma and neutrino lines from dark matter annihilation are investigated. In the case of Dirac neutrinos, the bound on the effective number of relativistic degrees of freedom plays an important role and the predictions for gamma lines could be tested in the near future. We discuss the predictions in the case of Majorana neutrinos where the dark matter candidate has extra annihilation channels and compare all the predictions to the case with Dirac neutrinos.
Band filling and disorder effects on the normal state thermoelectric behavior in MgB2
Creators: name: Pallecchi, Ilaria
name: Monni, Marco
name: Manfrinetti, Pietro
name: Putti, Marina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By a combined experimental and theoretical approach, we investigate normal state thermoelectric transport in MgB2, as a probe of selective disorder and doping in the sigma and pi bands. We calculate the temperature dependent diffusive Seebeck coefficient Sdiff(T) with the Boltzmann equation resolved in relaxation time approximation, taking into account the scattering with phonons and impurities, the effect of renormalization and the effect doping in a rigid band approximation. We show that selective disorder has a sizeable effect on the Sdiff magnitude, as it tunes the relative contributions of sigma and pi bands. Disorder also affects the Sdiff temperature dependences, eventually yielding a linear Sdiff(T) behavior in the dirty limit. We also show that band filling has opposite effects on S, depending on which band dominates transport. In parallel, we carry out Seebeck effect measurements on neutron-irradiated Mg11B2, and on two series of doped samples Mg1-xAlxB2 and Mg(B1-xCx)2. From comparison of calculated Sdiff(T) and experimental S(T) curves, we demonstrate that diffusive and phonon drag terms give comparable contributions in clean samples, but the phonon drag term is progressively suppressed with increasing disorder. In C and Al doped samples we observe very different experimental behaviors in terms of sign, magnitude and temperature dependence. Indeed, notwithstanding the similar electron doping introduced by both substitutions, C or Al doping yields disorder which mainly affects either sigma or pi bands, respectively. With the help of our ab-initio approach, we are able to disentangle the several effects and prove that Seebeck coefficient is a very sensitive probe of the kind of disorder.
description: 17 pages, 13 figures, 3 tables. First version of the paper, before revisions recommended by peer reviewers. Accepted for publication of Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter
Cover levels and random interlacements
Creators: name: Belius, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This note investigates cover levels of finite sets in the random interlacements model introduced in [Ann. of Math. (2) 171 (2010) 2039-2087], that is, the least level such that the set is completely contained in the random interlacement at that level. It proves that as the cardinality of a set goes to infinity, the rescaled and recentered cover level tends in distribution to the Gumbel distribution with cumulative distribution function $\operatorname {exp}(-\operatorname {exp}(-z))$.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/11-AAP770 the Annals of Applied Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aap/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Thomas Henry Huxley's agnostic philosophy of science
Creators: name: Byun, Jiwon
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: This dissertation examines Thomas Henry Huxley’s notion of agnosticism and its bearings on his conception of science. Although agnosticism is commonly regarded as a position that recognizes the limits of human knowledge, Huxley – who coined the term “agnostic” – characterized it as more than a theory of ignorance or limits. I argue that Huxley intended his agnosticism to be a guide to knowledge that can work regardless of our ignorance or limits. To this end, I draw attention to Huxley’s less famous philosophical works. I examine his discussions of Descartes to show that he had an epistemological project and to clarify the structure of agnosticism; I analyze his Hume to illuminate the reasoning behind his claim that verification is the only justificatory method and to highlight his reasons for situating agnosticism within what he called “modern critical philosophy”; I investigate his other essays to argue that his agnosticism concerns a claim to knowledge and should not be understood as ethics of belief. Based on his epistemological inquiry, Huxley offered a quick guide to knowledge, consisting of an account of legitimate evidence and an ethics of knowing: agnosticism. It can be summarized as follows. Propositions concerning anything beyond phenomena lack evidential value; verified propositions have evidential value; if one wishes to make a claim about the knowledge status of a proposition, one should evaluate the evidence and be honest about the result without further pretension. Huxley discussed the realm of ignorance to show its lack of justificatory value. The signature remark of Huxleyan agnostics is “Show me evidence,” rather than “I don’t know.” This interpretation undermines the widely accepted view that Huxley’s endorsement of agnosticism poses philosophical obstacles to his larger project of promoting science in Victorian society. His intention behind agnosticism was to establish and maintain epistemic merit of science without any unknowable, metaphysical or theological, apparatus. Science is the practice of agnosticism, and for this reason, our best way to knowledge. Our understandings of his life-long project and of the growth of science’s autonomy during the 19th century would remain incomplete without due appreciation of this notion of agnosticism.
Automorphisms of Hilbert schemes of points on surfaces
Creators: name: Belmans, Pieter
name: Oberdieck, Georg
name: Rennemo, Jørgen Vold
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We show that every automorphism of the Hilbert scheme of $n$ points on a weak Fano or general type surface is natural, i.e. induced by an automorphism of the surface, unless the surface is a product of curves and $n=2$. In the exceptional case there exists a unique non-natural automorphism. More generally, we prove that any isomorphism between Hilbert schemes of points on smooth projective surfaces, where one of the surfaces is weak Fano or of general type and not equal to the product of curves, is natural. We also show that every automorphism of the Hilbert scheme of $2$ points on $\mathbb{P}^n$ is natural.
description: 20 pages; added reference to related work of Hayashi
Low-Temperature Light Detectors: Neganov-Luke Amplification and Calibration
Creators: name: Isaila, C.
name: Ciemniak, C.
name: Feilitzsch, F. v.
name: Gütlein, A.
name: Kemmer, J.
name: Lachenmaier, T.
name: Lanfranchi, J. -C.
name: Pfister, S.
name: Potzel, W.
name: Roth, S.
name: Sivers, M. v.
name: Strauss, R.
name: Westphal, W.
name: Wiest, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The simultaneous measurement of phonons and scintillation light induced by incident particles in a scintillating crystal such as CaWO4 is a powerful technique for the active rejection of background induced by gamma's and beta's and even neutrons in direct Dark Matter searches. However, less than ~1% of the energy deposited in a CaWO4 crystal is detected as light. Thus, very sensitive light detectors are needed for an efficient event-by-event background discrimination. Due to the Neganov-Luke effect, the threshold of low-temperature light detectors based on semiconducting substrates can be improved significantly by drifting the photon-induced electron-hole pairs in an applied electric field. We present measurements with low-temperature light detectors based on this amplification mechanism. The Neganov-Luke effect makes it possible to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of our light detectors by a factor of ~9 corresponding to an energy threshold of ~21 eV. We also describe a method for an absolute energy calibration using a light-emitting diode.
description: additional figure, other figures improved
Derived categories of (nested) Hilbert schemes
Creators: name: Belmans, Pieter
name: Krug, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper we provide several results regarding the structure of derived categories of (nested) Hilbert schemes of points. We show that the criteria of Krug-Sosna and Addington for the universal ideal sheaf functor to be fully faithful resp. a $\mathbb{P}$-functor are sharp. Then we show how to embed multiple copies of the derived category of the surface using these fully faithful functors. We also give a semiorthogonal decomposition for the nested Hilbert scheme of points on a surface, and finally we give an elementary proof of a semiorthogonal decomposition due to Toda for the symmetric product of a curve.
description: 20 pages, added reference to result in new version of Jiang--Leung preprint
An adaptive discretization method solving semi-infinite optimization problems with quadratic rate of convergence
Creators: name: Seidel, Tobias
name: Küfer, Karl-Heinz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Semi-infinite programming can be used to model a large variety of complex optimization problems. The simple description of such problems comes at a price: semi-infinite problems are often harder to solve than finite nonlinear problems. In this paper we combine a classical adaptive discretization method developed by Blankenship and Falk and techniques regarding a semi-infinite optimization problem as a bi-level optimization problem. We develop a new adaptive discretization method which combines the advantages of both techniques and exhibits a quadratic rate of convergence. We further show that a limit of the iterates is a stationary point, if the iterates are stationary points of the approximate problems.
Cluster Automorphisms
Creators: name: Assem, Ibrahim
name: Schiffler, Ralf
name: Shramchenko, Vasilisa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this article, we introduce the notion of cluster automorphism of a given cluster algebra as a $\ZZ$-automorphism of the cluster algebra that sends a cluster to another and commutes with mutations. We study the group of cluster automorphisms in detail for acyclic cluster algebras and cluster algebras from surfaces, and we compute this group explicitly for the Dynkin types and the Euclidean types.
description: 35 pages, v2 final version, to appear in Proc. London Math. Soc
Peripheral Nerve Fibers and Their Neurotransmitters in Osteoarthritis Pathology
Creators: name: Grässel, Susanne
name: Muschter, Dominique
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: osteoarthritis; neurotransmitters; peripheral nervous system; cartilage; subchondral bone; CGRP; substance P; adrenoceptors
subject: 610 Medizin

description: The importance of the nociceptive nervous system for maintaining tissue homeostasis has been known for some time, and it has also been suggested that organogenesis and tissue repair are under neuronal control. Changes in peripheral joint innervation are supposed to be partly responsible for degenerative alterations in joint tissues which contribute to development of osteoarthritis. Various resident cell types of the musculoskeletal system express receptors for sensory and sympathetic neurotransmitters, allowing response to peripheral neuronal stimuli. Among them are mesenchymal stem cells, synovial fibroblasts, bone cells and chondrocytes of different origin, which express distinct subtypes of adrenoceptors (AR), receptors for vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), substance P (SP) and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP). Some of these cell types synthesize and secrete neuropeptides such as SP, and they are positive for tyrosine-hydroxylase (TH), the rate limiting enzyme for biosynthesis of catecholamines. Sensory and sympathetic neurotransmitters are involved in the pathology of inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA) which manifests mainly in the joints. In addition, they seem to play a role in pathogenesis of priori degenerative joint disorders such as osteoarthritis (OA). Altogether it is evident that sensory and sympathetic neurotransmitters have crucial trophic effects which are critical for joint tissue and bone homeostasis. They modulate articular cartilage, subchondral bone and synovial tissue properties in physiological and pathophysiological conditions, in addition to their classical neurological features.