cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
An 8.22 Mb Assembly and Annotation of the Alpaca ( Vicugna pacos ) Y Chromosome
Creators: name: Jevit, Matthew J.
name: Davis, Brian W.
name: Castaneda, Caitlin
name: Hillhouse, Andrew
name: Juras, Rytis
name: Trifonov, Vladimir A.
name: Tibary, Ahmed
name: Pereira, Jorge C.
name: Ferguson-Smith, Malcolm A.
name: Raudsepp, Terje
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: camelid
alpaca
Y chromosome
de novo assembly
cytogenetics
pseudoautosomal
comparative
PacBio
Illumina

description: The unique evolutionary dynamics and complex structure make the Y chromosome the most diverse and least understood region in the mammalian genome, despite its undisputable role in sex determination, development, and male fertility. Here we present the first contig-level annotated draft assembly for the alpaca (Vicugna pacos) Y chromosome based on hybrid assembly of short- and long-read sequence data of flow-sorted Y. The latter was also used for cDNA selection providing Y-enriched testis transcriptome for annotation. The final assembly of 8.22 Mb comprised 4.5 Mb of male specific Y (MSY) and 3.7 Mb of the pseudoautosomal region. In MSY, we annotated 15 X-degenerate genes and two novel transcripts, but no transposed sequences. Two MSY genes, HSFY and RBMY, are multicopy. The pseudoautosomal boundary is located between SHROOM2 and HSFY. Comparative analysis shows that the small and cytogenetically distinct alpaca Y shares most of MSY sequences with the larger dromedary and Bactrian camel Y chromosomes. Most of alpaca X-degenerate genes are also shared with other mammalian MSYs, though WWC3Y is Y-specific only in alpaca/camels and the horse. The partial alpaca Y assembly is a starting point for further expansion and will have applications in the study of camelid populations and male biology.
The 2018 Sulawesi tsunami in Palu city as a result of several landslides and coseismic tsunamis
Creators: name: Aránguiz, Rafael
name: Esteban, Miguel
name: Takagi, Hiroshi
name: Mikami, Takahito
name: Takabatake, Tomoyuki
name: Gómez, Matías
name: González, Juan
name: Shibayama, Tomoya
name: Okuwaki, Ryo
name: Yagi, Yuji
name: Shimizu, Kousuke
name: Achiari, Hendra
name: Stolle, Jacob
name: Robertson, Ian
name: Ohira, Koichiro
name: Nakamura, Ryota
name: Nishida, Yuta
name: Krautwald, Clemens
name: Goseberg, Nils
name: Nistor, Ioan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: The September 28 2018 Palu tsunami surprised the scientific community, as neither the earthquake magnitude nor its strike-slip mechanism were deemed capable of producing the wave heights that were observed. However, recent research has shown that the earthquake generated several landslides inside Palu bay. The authors conducted a post-disaster field survey of the area affected to collect spatial data on tsunami inundation heights, nearshore and bay bathymetry, and carried out eyewitness interviews to collect testimonies of the event. In addition, numerical simulations of the tsunami generation and propagation mechanisms were carried out and validated with the inferred time series. Seven small submarine landslides were identified along the western shore of the bay, and one large one was reported on the eastern shore of Palu City. Most of these landslides occurred at river mouths and reclamation areas, where soft submarine sediments had accumulated. The numerical simulations support a scenario in which the tsunami waves that arrived at Palu city 4–10 min after the earthquake were caused by the co-seismic seafloor deformation, possibly coupled with secondary waves generated from several submarine landslides. These findings suggest that more comprehensive methodologies and tools need to be used when assessing probabilistic tsunami hazards in narrow bays.
Nacodius omissus
Creators: name: Morrone, Juan J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Curculionidae
Nacodius
Nacodius omissus

description: Nacodius omissus (Kuschel, 1952)
 Listroderes omissus Kuschel, 1952: 129 (type locality: Ecuador: Chimborazo, Tortorillas, 13,300 feet; type material: H: BMNH and P: 1 NZAC).
 Nacodius omissus; Morrone, 1994e: 4.
 Distribution. Northern Ecuador (Morrone, 1994e).
description: Published as part of Morrone, Juan J., 2011, Annotated checklist of the tribe Listroderini (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Cyclominae) 3119, pp. 1-68 in Zootaxa 3119 (1) on page 50, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3119.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5246257
Generalization of the Dick Model
Creators: name: Slusarczyk, M.
name: Wereszczynski, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss a model with a massless scalar coupling to the Yang-Mills SU(2) gauge field in four-dimensional space-time. The solutions from static, pointlike colour source are given. There exists not only solutions with finite energy but also singular one which describes confinement. The confining potential depends on the $δ$ parameter of our model. The regular magnetic monopole solutions as well as the singular dyon configurations are also obtained. We fit the $δ$ parameter to the experimental data.
Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) to explore genes responsive to Streptococcus oralis biofilm and immune infiltration analysis in human gingival fibroblasts cells
Creators: name: Chen, Xia
name: Ma, Jianfeng
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Mental Health
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: The correlation between oral bacteria and dental implants failure has been reported. However, the effect and mechanism of bacteria during dental implants is unclear. In this study, we explored key genes and candidate gene clusters in human gingival fibroblasts (HGF) cells in response to Streptococcus oralis biofilm through weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) and differential genes analysis using gene expression matrix, GSE134481, downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. We obtained 325 genes in the module significantly associated with S. oralis infection and 113 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the S. oralis biofilm; 62 DEGs indicated significant correlation with S. oralis injury. Multiple immune pathways, such as the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) signaling pathway, were considerably enriched. We obtained a candidate genes cluster containing 12 genes – IL6, JUN, FOS, CSF2, HBEGF, EDN1, CCL2, MYC, NGF, SOCS3, CXCL1, and CXCL2; we observed 5 candidate hub genes associated with S. oralis infection – JUN, IL6, FOS, MYC, and CCL2. The fraction of macrophage M0 cells was significantly increased in biofilm treatment compared with control; expression of FOS and MYC was significantly positively correlated with macrophage M0 cells. Our findings present a fierce inflammation changes in the transcript level of HGF in response to S. oralis.
Nestrius bifurcus Kuschel 1964
Creators: name: Morrone, Juan J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Curculionidae
Nestrius
Nestrius bifurcus

description: Nestrius bifurcus Kuschel, 1964
 Nestrius bifurcus Kuschel, 1964: 470 (type locality: New Zealand: North Island, Wainuiomata, near Wellington; type material: H: NZAC and P: 2 NZAC).
 Distribution. New Zealand: North Island and Auckland Islands (Kuschel, 1964).
description: Published as part of Morrone, Juan J., 2011, Annotated checklist of the tribe Listroderini (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Cyclominae) 3119, pp. 1-68 in Zootaxa 3119 (1) on page 51, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3119.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5246257
"Too small to farm, too big to mow”: The impact of large-lot zoning on the exurban landscape
Creators: name: Gottlieb, Paul D.
name: Lubeck, Meggan
name: Marxen, Lucas
name: Gottlieb, Paul D.
name: Lubeck, Meggan
name: Marxen, Lucas
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: land use
subject: land cover
subject: zoning
subject: rural preservation
subject: urban sprawl

description: This study looks for one unintended consequence of large-lot zoning: the possibility that it will increase the amount of land converted from rural land cover to suburban lawn, even as it reduces the number of homes that are built in a community. This is one definition of “urban sprawl.” Few zoning studies consider selection bias in the choice of the zoning treatment. When the dependent variable measures parcel development (0 or 1) or land cover change (% of land converted), controls for selection bias are even less common, because these models employ nonlinear link functions. The present study uses inverse propensity score weighting to control for selection bias across six zoning classes in a study of the percentage of land cover change in northwestern New Jersey from 1995 to 2002
Microstructural Degradation of the AlMo 0.5 NbTa 0.5 TiZr Refractory Metal High-Entropy Superalloy at Elevated Temperatures
Creators: name: Whitfield, Tamsin E.
name: Stone, Howard J.
name: Jones, C. Neil
name: Jones, Nicholas G.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: refractory metal high entropy alloys
phase transformation/precipitation
intermetallics
thermodynamics

description: Refractory metal high-entropy superalloys (RSA), which possess a nanoscale microstructure of B2 and bcc phases, have been developed to offer high temperature capabilities beyond conventional Ni-based alloys. Despite showing a number of excellent attributes, to date there has been little consideration of their microstructural stability, which is an essential feature of any material employed in high temperature service. Here, the stability of the exemplar RSA AlMo0.5NbTa0.5TiZr is studied following 1000 h exposures at 1200, 1000 and 800 °C. Crucially, the initial nanoscale cuboidal B2 + bcc microstructure was found to be unstable following the thermal exposures. Extensive intragranular precipitation of a hexagonal Al-Zr-rich intermetallic occurred at all temperatures and, where present, the bcc and B2 phases had coarsened and changed morphology. This microstructural evolution will concomitantly change both the mechanical and environmental properties and is likely to be detrimental to the in-service performance of the alloy.
On Operator Mixing in N=4 SYM
Creators: name: Bianchi, Massimo
name: Eden, Burkhard
name: Rossi, Giancarlo
name: Stanev, Yassen S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We resolve the mixing of the scalar operators of naive dimension 4 belonging to the representation 20' of the SU(4) R-symmetry in N=4 SYM. We compute the order g^2 corrections to their anomalous dimensions and show the absence of instantonic contributions thereof. Ratios of the resulting expressions are irrational numbers, even in the large N limit where, however, we observe the expected decoupling of double-trace operators from single-trace ones. We briefly comment on the generalizations of our results required in order to make contact with the double scaling limit of the theory conjectured to be holographically dual to type IIB superstring on a pp-wave.
description: 32 pages, 2 figures
Embedding Structured Contour and Location Prior in Siamesed Fully Convolutional Networks for Road Detection
Creators: name: Wang, Qi
name: Gao, Junyu
name: Yuan, Yuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Road detection from the perspective of moving vehicles is a challenging issue in autonomous driving. Recently, many deep learning methods spring up for this task because they can extract high-level local features to find road regions from raw RGB data, such as Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) and Fully Convolutional Networks (FCN). However, how to detect the boundary of road accurately is still an intractable problem. In this paper, we propose a siamesed fully convolutional networks (named as ``s-FCN-loc''), which is able to consider RGB-channel images, semantic contours and location priors simultaneously to segment road region elaborately. To be specific, the s-FCN-loc has two streams to process the original RGB images and contour maps respectively. At the same time, the location prior is directly appended to the siamesed FCN to promote the final detection performance. Our contributions are threefold: (1) An s-FCN-loc is proposed that learns more discriminative features of road boundaries than the original FCN to detect more accurate road regions; (2) Location prior is viewed as a type of feature map and directly appended to the final feature map in s-FCN-loc to promote the detection performance effectively, which is easier than other traditional methods, namely different priors for different inputs (image patches); (3) The convergent speed of training s-FCN-loc model is 30\% faster than the original FCN, because of the guidance of highly structured contours. The proposed approach is evaluated on KITTI Road Detection Benchmark and One-Class Road Detection Dataset, and achieves a competitive result with state of the arts.
description: IEEE T-ITS 2018
Access and Injustice: An Intersectionality-informed Analysis of Victorian Mental Health Policy in Australia
Creators: name: Rawson, Edward
name: Zirnsak, Tessa-May
name: Di Pierdomenico, Kaitlin
name: Edan, Vrinda
name: Brophy, Lisa
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 4401
subject: Anthropology
subject: FOS: Sociology
classificationCode: 4405
subject: Gender studies
classificationCode: 4408
subject: Political science
subject: FOS: Political science

description: The use of compulsion and restrictive interventions in mental health care has been linked to social factors including poverty and marginalization. Using an intersectionality-informed analysis of key Victorian mental health policy documents released over the past decade, we identified a consistent lack of attention to the role played by race, socioeconomic status, and other forms of marginalization in the increased likelihood of compulsory treatment. Although policymakers have strived to consider the role of social determinants in catalyzing or mitigating mental distress, this social framework is often displaced by a consistently dominant biomedical approach to mental illness, which emphasizes identifying diagnoses and providing clinical treatment. This paper critically examines the stated intentions of mental health policy in Victoria, Australia, and the recent recommendations of the Royal Commission into Victoria's mental health system. We found that policies and recommendations for reform tend to express an intention to decrease the use of compulsion and restrictive interventions. However, the assumption expressed in reforms is that compulsory treatment is the result of systematic failure to provide treatment through other less intrusive avenues, thus neglecting deliberate discussion and action on the intersecting social factors that directly contribute to compulsory treatment.
Coastal impacts of super typhoon Hagibis on Greater Tokyo and Shizuoka areas, Japan
Creators: name: Shimozono, Takenori
name: Tajima, Yoshimitsu
name: Kenzou Kumagai
name: Arikawa, Taro
name: Oda, Yukinobu
name: Shigihara, Yoshinori
name: Nobuhito Mori
name: Suzuki, Takayuki
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: A post-event survey of the coastal impacts of Typhoon Hagibis was conducted in the Greater Tokyo and Shizuoka areas. The typhoon’s intensive landfall generated the highest-level storm surges recorded in the study area with a maximum sea-level anomaly of nearly 2 m at the head of Tokyo Bay. Highly populated coastal areas in the inner sheltered part of Tokyo Bay were subject to only minor damage partially because the peak storm surge occurred during a low spring tide. High water levels along the coastline facing the Pacific Ocean mostly measured 4–8 m above the mean sea level, the exception being the Seisho coast, where extreme wave runup reached over 10 m above the mean sea level. The high water levels predominantly caused by energetic swells were comparable with the crest heights of defense structures in a broad range of the study area. The intensive typhoon did not trigger catastrophic flood damage, but caused minor flooding due to wave overtopping, and there was substantial damage to coastal infrastructures along the coast. This paper presents both an overview of and detailed information regarding the coastal impacts of the intensive typhoon along the highly altered coastline with complex geometry.
Confusion noise due to clustered extragalactic point sources. Application of logarithmic cumulants for parameter estimation
Creators: name: Argüeso, Francisco
name: Herranz, Diego
name: Toffolatti, Luigi
name: González-Nuevo, Joaquín
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The calculation of the characteristic function of the signal fluctuations due to clustered astrophysical sources is performed in this paper. For the typical case of power-law differential number counts and two-point angular correlation function, we present an extension of Zolotarev's theorem that allows us to compute the cumulants of the logarithm of the absolute value of the intensity. As a test, simulations based on recent observations of radio galaxies are then carried out, showing that these cumulants can be very useful for determining the fundamental parameters defining the number counts and the correlation. If the angular correlation scale of the observed source population is known, the method presented here is able to obtain estimators of the amplitude and slope of the power-law number counts with mean absolute errors that are one order of magnitude better than previous techniques, that did not take into account the correlation. Even if the scale of correlation is not well known, the method is able to estimate it and still performs much better than if the effect of correlations is not considered.
description: 16 pages, 2 figures. Accepted for publication in PASP
Doubletons and 5D Higher Spin Gauge Theory
Creators: name: Sezgin, E.
name: Sundell, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use Grassmann even spinor oscillators to construct a bosonic higher spin extension hs(2,2) of the five-dimensional anti-de Sitter algebra SU(2,2), and show that the gauging of hs(2,2) gives rise to a spectrum S of physical massless fields with spin s=0,2,4,... that is a UIR of hs(2,2). In addition to a master gauge field which contains the massless s=2,4,.. fields, we construct a scalar master field containing the massless s=0 field, the generalized Weyl tensors and their derivatives. We give the appropriate linearized constraint on this master scalar field, which together with a linearized curvature constraint produces the correct linearized field equations. A crucial step in the construction of the theory is the identification of a central generator K which is eliminated by means of a coset construction. Its charge vanishes in the spectrum S, which is the symmetric product of two spin zero doubletons. We expect our results to pave the way for constructing an interacting theory whose curvature expansion is dual to a CFT based on higher spin currents formed out of free doubletons in the large N limit. Thus, extending a recent proposal of Sundborg (hep-th/0103247), we conjecture that the hs(2,2) gauge theory describes a truncation of the bosonic massless sector of tensionless Type IIB string theory on AdS_5 x S^5 for large N. This implies AdS/CFT correspondence in a parameter regime where both boundary and bulk theories are perturbative.
description: 31 pages, latex
5126-PB2-6988-R2.pdf
Creators: name: Kartoun, Uri
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: Health Care

description: Extraordinary demanding case requires creative solution within expenditure of intellectual energysupported by mature experience, and discerning intuition. This all with single rule: patients benefit. Previousand subsequent sharing and exchange yield full-blown versatility. Pneumothorax in breastfeeding mother,brachial plexus injury caused by lysis of apical adhesions, support of pulmonary plication by autologous fascialata in advanced pulmonary emphysema, dorsal chest tube insertion through first intercostal space, stubbornpneumothorax in a musician of brass band, successful conservative treatment by chest tube as an alternativeof thoracoplasty, talc slurry solution in elderly man with life threatening pneumothorax from advanced lungcancer decay cavity, and in young woman afflicted by lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) are briefly reported.
Representation functions of additive bases for abelian semigroups
Creators: name: Nathanson, Melvyn B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11B13, 11B34, 11B05, 05A30

description: Let X = S \oplus G, where S is a countable abelian semigroup and G is a countably infinite abelian group such that {2g : g in G} is infinite. Let pi: X \to G be the projection map defined by pi(s,g) = g for all x =(s,g) in X. Let f:X \to N_0 cup infty be any map such that the set pi(f^{-1}(0)) is a finite subset of G. Then there exists a set B contained in X such that r_B(x) = f(x) for all x in X, where the representation function r_B(x) counts the number of sets {x',x''} contained in B such that x' \neq x'' and x'+x''=x. In particular, every function f from the integers Z into N_0 \cup infty such that f^{-1}(0) is finite is the representation function of an asymptotic basis for Z.
description: 10 pages. Revised version of paper to appear in Int. J. Math. Math. Sci
Nestrius cilipes Broun 1909
Creators: name: Morrone, Juan J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Curculionidae
Nestrius
Nestrius cilipes

description: Nestrius cilipes Broun, 1909
 Drymaria cilipes Broun, 1909: 57 (type locality: New Zealand: Broken river; type material: S: 3 BMNH).
 Nestrius cilipes; Kuschel, 1964: 468.
 Distribution. New Zealand (Schenkling and Marshall, 1929).
description: Published as part of Morrone, Juan J., 2011, Annotated checklist of the tribe Listroderini (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Cyclominae) 3119, pp. 1-68 in Zootaxa 3119 (1) on page 51, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3119.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5246257
title: Piña :
title: Directrices para la ejecución del examen de la distinción, la homogeneidad y la estabilidad.
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: International Union For The Protection Of New Varieties Of Plants,
Publisher: name: International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants,
Year: 0
Subjects: Plants
New Varieties of Plants
Pineapple

description: La finalidad de estas directrices (“directrices de examen”) es elaborar los principios que figuran en la Introducción General (documento TG/1/3) y sus documentos TGP conexos, con objeto de que sirvan de orientación práctica y detallada para el examen armonizado de la distinción, homogeneidad y estabilidad (DHE) y en particular, para identificar los caracteres apropiados para el examen DHE y producir descripciones armonizadas de variedades.
Architecting, Implementing and Observing with a Metasurface vector Zernike wavefront sensor on the Keck Telescope
Creators: name: Wallace, James
name: Wenger, Tobias
name: Jewell, Jeff
name: Salama, Maissa
name: Chambouleyron, Vincent
name: Van Kooten, Maaike
name: Guthery, Charlotte E.
name: Ragland, Sam
name: Delorme, Jacques-Robert
name: Jensen-Clem, Rebecca
name: Wizinowich, Peter
name: Mawet, Dimitri
name: Jovanovic, Nemanja
Publisher: name: Proceedings of AO4ELT7 conference 2023 - Editors: Thierry Fusco and Benoit Neichel
Year: 2023
Subjects: ADAPTIVE OPTICS
WAVEFRONT SENSING
ZERNIKE WAVEFRONT SENSOR
METASURFACES
HIGH
CONTRAST IMAGING
EXOPLANET DETECTION

description: The ability to directly detect faint companions orbiting around nearby stars using ground-based telescopes has made incredible strides in the past couple of decades. This has been enabled by a suite of methods working closely and in concert with one another. These methods include: 1) adaptive optics to correct for the earth\'s turbulent atmosphere, 2) stellar corongraphs to suppress the light from the bright host star, and 3) precision wavefront sensing. In this paper we concentrate on the later. We describe a vector Zernike wavefront sensor (vZWFS) that is fabricated using the emerging technology of metasurfaces. We describe the engineering aspects of the design and implementation of this wavefront sensor on the Keck II telescope. We conclude by highlighting results of using this sensor in two different modes: 1) internal wavefront sensing and control on the adaptive optics bench, 2) sensing and control of the segment phasing errors on the Keck II primary mirror.
Precision measurements of the AC field dependence of the superconducting transition in strontium titanate
Creators: name: Herrera, Chloe
name: Sochnikov, Ilya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Strontium titanate has resurfaced as a material prompting vigorous debate about the origin of its superconductivity in the extremely low carrier concentration regime. Here, we used simultaneous AC susceptibility and transport methods to explore the superconducting phase transition region in this material. We determined that strontium titanate is extremely sensitive to even small AC fields, which also influence the resistive transition; we suggest that extreme vortex sizes and mobilities contribute to this large effect. Our findings will be of importance for accurately determining transition temperature, informing the debate about the pairing mechanism in strontium titanate, for which even millikelvin errors may be critical.
title: Science teachers' culturally responsive practices in the context of distance education: a qualitative study
Creators: name: Maan, Michelle
Publisher: name: Memorial University of Newfoundland
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04haebc03
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: Newfoundland and Labrador (NL) cultures are rooted in Ways of Knowing science among other forms of teaching and learning through Indigenous, English, Irish, and French (including other European minorities) and subsequent traditional community customs with deep ties to the ocean and the land. Schooling, which has social, cultural, and political implications, may lead to marginalization when it is enforced using standardized values and norms through prescribed science curriculum. Culturally responsive science teaching (CRST) may help build bridges between the classrooms and their surrounding communities to safeguard access to science that is accessible to all students. Practicing CRST is challenging for distance educators as remote communities merge for synchronous online learning. The purpose of this study is to explore how NL science teachers are incorporating CRST in their teaching practices by distance. The research questions include: How are distance educators making science culturally relevant for students regarding their rural homelands and community cultural identities? What challenges do distance science educators face with implementing CRST in the virtual classroom? A grounded theory approach was used to support a growing framework for CRST in the context of distance education resulting in three components: challenges (constraints due to lack of physicality, curriculum, and pedagogy), affordances (a respectful, and safe environment for students online), and applications (inclusion of culturally relevant science projects, and subject matter).
Two-Quark Correlations in the Hard Electromagnetic Nucleon Form Factors
Creators: name: Schwaerz, M.
name: Schweiger, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The, so called, "hard-scattering approach" represents a suitable framework for the perturbative treatment of exclusive hadronic processes at large energies and (transverse) momentum transfers. In this context, diquarks can serve as a useful phenomenological concept to model non-perturbative effects which are still observable in the kinematic range accessible by present-day experiments. We outline how a description of baryons as quark-diquark systems can be understood as an effective theory in the sense that the pure quark hard-scattering approach is recovered in the limit of asymptotically large momentum transfers. Our arguments are based on a reformulation of the hard-scattering formalism in terms of quark-diquark degrees of freedom. This reformulation provides the exact form of photon- and gluon-diquark vertices and corresponding vertex functions (diquark form factors) in the limit of asymptotically large momentum transfers -- and thus also asymptotic constraints which should be fulfilled by phenomenological quark-diquark models for hard scattering. As an application of this reformulation we present an analysis of the hard electromagnetic nucleon form factors with respect to their quark-diquark content.
description: 4 pages, uses aipproc.cls
A GPU-based multi-criteria optimization algorithm for HDR brachytherapy
Creators: name: Bélanger, Cédric
name: Cui, Songye
name: Ma, Yunzhi
name: Després, Philippe
name: Cunha, J. Adam M.
name: Beaulieu, Luc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Currently in HDR brachytherapy planning, a manual fine-tuning of an objective function is necessary to obtain case-specific valid plans. This study intends to facilitate this process by proposing a patient-specific inverse planning algorithm for HDR prostate brachytherapy: GPU-based multi-criteria optimization (gMCO). Two GPU-based optimization engines including simulated annealing (gSA) and a quasi-Newton optimizer (gL-BFGS) were implemented to compute multiple plans in parallel. After evaluating the equivalence and the computation performance of these two optimization engines, one preferred optimization engine was selected for the gMCO algorithm. Five hundred sixty-two previously treated prostate HDR cases were divided into validation set (100) and test set (462). In the validation set, the number of Pareto optimal plans to achieve the best plan quality was determined for the gMCO algorithm. In the test set, gMCO plans were compared with the physician-approved clinical plans. Over 462 cases, the number of clinically valid plans was 428 (92.6%) for clinical plans and 461 (99.8%) for gMCO plans. The number of valid plans with target V100 coverage greater than 95% was 288 (62.3%) for clinical plans and 414 (89.6%) for gMCO plans. The mean planning time was 9.4 s for the gMCO algorithm to generate 1000 Pareto optimal plans. In conclusion, gL-BFGS is able to compute thousands of SA equivalent treatment plans within a short time frame. Powered by gL-BFGS, an ultra-fast and robust multi-criteria optimization algorithm was implemented for HDR prostate brachytherapy. A large-scale comparison against physician approved clinical plans showed that treatment plan quality could be improved and planning time could be significantly reduced with the proposed gMCO algorithm.
description: 18 pages, 7 figures
Zero-point energies prevent a trigonal to simple cubic transition in high-pressure sulfur
Creators: name: Whaley-Baldwin, Jack
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Paper
high pressure
structure searching
phase transition
solid sulfur
phonons
anharmonic vibrations

description: Funder: Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council; doi: https://doi.org/10.13039/501100000266
description: Abstract: Recently published density functional theory results using the PBE functional (Whaley-Baldwin and Needs 2020 New J. Phys. 22 023020) suggest that elemental sulfur does not adopt the simple-cubic (SC) Pm3̄m phase at high pressures, in disagreement with previous works (Rudin and Liu 1999 Phys. Rev. Lett. 83 3049--52; Gavryushkin et al 2017 Phys. Status Solidi B 254 1600857). We carry out an extensive set of calculations using a variety of different exchange–correlation functionals (both local and non-local), and show that even though under LDA and PW91 a high-pressure SC phase does indeed become favourable at the static lattice level, when zero-point energies (ZPEs) are included, the transition to the SC phase is suppressed in every case, owing to the larger ZPE of the SC phase; thus confirming the transition sequence as R3̄m→ BCC, with no intervening SC phase. We reproduce these findings with pseudopotentials that explicitly include core electronic states, and show that even at these high pressures, only the n = 3 valence shell contributes to bonding in sulfur. We then compare our findings against the all-electron code ELK, which is in excellent agreement with our pseudopotential results, and examine the roles of the exchange and correlation contributions to the total energy. We further calculate anharmonic vibrational corrections to the ZPEs of the two phases, and find that such corrections are several orders of magnitude smaller than the ZPEs and are thus negligible. The effect of finite temperatures is also considered, and we show that the Pm3̄m phase becomes even more unfavourable with an increase in temperature. Finally, the experimental consequences of our results on the equation of state of sulfur and its superconducting critical temperature are explicitly calculated.
Association between elevated plasma microRNA-223 content and severity of coronary heart disease
Creators: name: Guo, Ji-Fang
name: Zhang, Yu
name: Zheng, Qing-Xia
name: Zhang, Yao
name: Zhou, Hui-Hua
name: Cui, Lun-Meng
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Mental Health
subject: Virology

description: Bioinformatics indicate that miR-223 regulates many genes associated with cholesterol metabolism, and it could also control high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) uptake. As reported in previous study, miR-223 was found to be upregulated from human subjects with familial hypercholesterolaemia, however, it remains to be determined using a larger group of coronary heart disease (CHD) patients. Moreover, whether it correlates with severity of atherogenesis, has never been elucidated before. We aim to further explore the association between circulating miR-223 content and severity of CHD. Sample was collected from 300 CHD patients and 100 subjects with angiographic exclusion of CHD. MiR-223 content was detected using quantitative real-time PCR. Gensini score was used to evaluate the severity of coronary stenotic lesions. Expression of miR-223 was identified on basis of the quartiles of the Gensini score, and association between the miRNA and CHD was analyzed. Diagnostic potential of miR-223 of CHD was performed by ROC analysis. CHD patients had higher miR-223 level (13.23, 9.29–17.59 vs. 4.05, 3.06–6.11, p < .001), and the miRNA content significantly elevated following increasing Gensini score (p < .001). Gensini score was significantly associated with miR-223 expression (r= .7289, p < .001). The optimal cut-off value of miR-223 was with a sensitivity of 86.0% and specificity of 91.3%. The AUC of miR-223 was 0.933 (95%CI, 0.905–0.961). These preliminary results suggest that the expression of miR-223 may be associated with atherogenesis. The level of circulating miR-223 in predicting the severity of coronary atherosclerosis may have a relatively certain value.
Microphone technologies for students unilateral (Picou et al., 2020)
Creators: name: Picou, Erin M.
name: Davis, Hilary
name: Tharpe, Anne Marie
Publisher: name: ASHA journals
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 90304 Medical Devices
subject: FOS: Medical engineering
subject: 200102 Communication Technology and Digital Media Studies
subject: FOS: Media and communications
subject: Education

description: Purpose: Current recommendations for clinical management of school-aged children with limited useable hearing unilaterally primarily focus on remote microphone systems and preferential seating. The purpose of this narrative review is to examine the existing evidence supporting these recommendations.Method: A narrative review was conducted, focused on nonsurgical interventions for children with limited useable hearing unilaterally.Results: Six articles were identified. Three survey studies suggest high use rates and improved academic performance with contralateral routing of signal systems. One laboratory study suggests students with hearing loss need to sit closer to the desired signal (e.g., teacher) than their peers with normal hearing to achieve similar speech recognition. Two laboratory studies suggest remote microphone systems provide consistent benefits when the microphone is located near the talker of interest, whereas contralateral routing of signal systems impairs performance in noise.Conclusions: The discrepancy between survey studies and laboratory studies could be explained partly due to the difference between listening situations in the laboratory and in classrooms. Everyone in the classroom is a potential talker of interest, and the listening environments are often dynamic. Thus, contralateral routing of signal systems might have more potential to improve classroom communication than was suggested by the laboratory studies. Recommendations for microphone technologies should be based on the extent to which a student is struggling, where the student sits in the classroom, and where the important talkers are located. There is not one optimal recommendation for all students, but a combination of remote microphone and contralateral routing of signal systems could work for most students.
Supplemental Material S1. Table summarizing articles included in the narrative review. For each reference, the following information is listed: intervention (CROS, RM), study type (laboratory, survey), participant information, tests used, intervention conditions, test conditions, results summary, conclusions, and comments related to finding interpretation.
Picou, E. M., Davis, H., & Tharpe, A. M. (2020). Considerations for choosing microphone technologies for students with limited useable hearing unilaterally. Language, Speech, and Hearing Services in Schools, 51, 74–83. https://doi.org/10.1044/2019_LSHSS-OCHL-19-0018
Publisher Note: This article is part of the Forum: Evidence-Based Practices and Outcomes for Children With Mild and Unilateral Hearing Loss.
Intracellular Sources of ROS/H 2 O 2 in Health and Neurodegeneration: Spotlight on Endoplasmic Reticulum
Creators: name: Konno, Tasuku
name: Melo, Eduardo Pinho
name: Chambers, Joseph E.
name: Avezov, Edward
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: reactive oxygen species
hydrogen peroxide
endoplasmic reticulum
redox signalling
antioxidants
neurodegeneration
dementia

description: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced continuously throughout the cell as products of various redox reactions. Yet these products function as important signal messengers, acting through oxidation of specific target factors. Whilst excess ROS production has the potential to induce oxidative stress, physiological roles of ROS are supported by a spatiotemporal equilibrium between ROS producers and scavengers such as antioxidative enzymes. In the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), a non-radical ROS, is produced through the process of oxidative folding. Utilisation and dysregulation of H2O2, in particular that generated in the ER, affects not only cellular homeostasis but also the longevity of organisms. ROS dysregulation has been implicated in various pathologies including dementia and other neurodegenerative diseases, sanctioning a field of research that strives to better understand cell-intrinsic ROS production. Here we review the organelle-specific ROS-generating and consuming pathways, providing evidence that the ER is a major contributing source of potentially pathologic ROS.
Complete positivity and entangled degrees of freedom
Creators: name: Benatti, F.
name: Floreanini, R.
name: Romano, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study how some recently proposed noncontextuality tests based on quantum interferometry are affected if the test particles propagate as open systems in presence of a gaussian stochastic background. We show that physical consistency requires the resulting markovian dissipative time-evolution to be completely positive.
description: 23 pages, plain-TeX, no figures
Multidimensional quantum-enhanced target detection via spectro-temporal correlation measurements
Creators: name: Zhang, Yingwen
name: England, Duncan
name: Nomerotski, Andrei
name: Svihra, Peter
name: Ferrante, Steven
name: Hockett, Paul
name: Sussman, Benjamin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we investigate quantum-enhanced target detection in the presence of large background noise using multidimensional quantum correlations between photon pairs generated through spontaneous parametric down-conversion. Until now similar experiments have only utilized one of the photon pairs' many degrees of freedom such as temporal correlations and photon number correlations. Here, we utilized both temporal and spectral correlations of the photon pairs and achieved over an order of magnitude reduction to the background noise and in turn significant reduction to data acquisition time when compared to utilizing only temporal modes. We believe this work represents an important step in realizing a practical, real-time quantum-enhanced target detection system. The demonstrated technique will also be of importance in many other quantum sensing applications and quantum communications.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures
A New Approach to Scalar Field Theory on Noncommutative Space
Creators: name: Habara, Yoshinobu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new approach to constructing the noncommutative scalar field theory is presented. Not only between x_i and p_j, we impose commutation relations between x_is as well as p_js, and give a new representation of x_i,p_js. We carry out both first- and second-quantization explicitly. The second-quantization is performed in both the operator formalism and the functional integral one.
description: 23 pages, Greatly Improved on 4 Nov 2001
Additional file 1 of Apatinib triggers autophagic and apoptotic cell death via VEGFR2/STAT3/PD-L1 and ROS/Nrf2/p62 signaling in lung cancer
Creators: name: Xie, Chunfeng
name: Zhou, Xu
name: Liang, Chunhua
name: Li, Xiaoting
name: Ge, Miaomiao
name: Chen, Yue
name: Yin, Juan
name: Zhu, Jianyun
name: Zhong, Caiyun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary. Raw data for the blots.
Photoproduction of Heavy Quarkonia
Creators: name: Jaeger, B.
name: Schweiger, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the reaction gamma+p -> V+p, with V denoting a Phi or a J/Psi meson, within the scope of perturbative QCD, treating the proton as a quark-diquark system. Our predictions extrapolate the existing forward differential cross-section data into the few-GeV momentum-transfer region. In case of the J/Psi reasonable results are only obtained by properly taking into account its mass in the perturbative calculation of the hard-scattering amplitude.
description: 4 pages, 2 eps-figures, uses aipproc.cls
Nestrius crassicornis Broun 1915
Creators: name: Morrone, Juan J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Curculionidae
Nestrius
Nestrius crassicornis

description: Nestrius crassicornis Broun, 1915
 Nestrius crassicornis Broun, 1915: 335 (type locality: New Zealand: Pudding Hill, near Methven; type material: S: 3 BMNH).
 Distribution. New Zealand (Schenkling and Marshall, 1929).
description: Published as part of Morrone, Juan J., 2011, Annotated checklist of the tribe Listroderini (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Cyclominae) 3119, pp. 1-68 in Zootaxa 3119 (1) on page 51, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3119.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5246257
Implication of 2014 Farm Policies for Wheat Production
Creators: name: Luckstead, Jeff
name: Devadoss, Stephen
name: Luckstead, Jeff
name: Devadoss, Stephen
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Coupling
subject: Wealth
subject: and Insurance Effects
subject: Farm Bill
subject: Moral Hazard
subject: Wheat

description: We develop a model to comprehensively analyze the effects of 2014 Farm Bill wheat policies---loan deficiency payments (LDP), price loss coverage (PLC), agriculture risk coverage-county (ARC-CO), individual revenue protection crop insurance (RP), and supplemental coverage option (SCO)---on input use, yield, certainty equivalent, optimal RP insurance coverage level, expected payments, and premiums. The comparative static results show the directional impact of the coupling, wealth, and insurance effects for each policy. We calibrate the model to a representative dryland wheat farm in Kansas. The simulation results show that the expected LDP payment is zero for 2014, RP causes input use and yield to decline, and ARC-CO, PLC, and SCO result in higher input use and yield. Thus, both the theoretical and empirical results provide evidence of moral hazard associated with RP and SCO insurance. If the farmer selects only RP insurance, then the optimal coverage level is 85%, but drop to 50% if SCO is added. Based on certainty equivalent analysis, the optimal policy combination is RP with ARC-CO. The results also provide evidence that farmers would opt for crop insurance programs even without premium subsidies.