cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Double copy relations in massive theories
Creators: name: Rumbutis, Justinas
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2022

description: The studies of scattering amplitudes during recent years has uncovered many new features of various theories that are invisible from the action point of view. One of the most interesting features is the relation between gauge theories and gravity theories, known as double copy. The most famous example is the relation between pure Yang-Mills theory and axion-dilaton gravity, however over the years many more examples of this relation have been found. It is interesting to understand what is special about these theories that can be related by double copy. Most of the known examples of such theories have massless force carriers so a natural question is can double copy be extended to massive theories? The work presented in this thesis suggests that such massive theories must be strongly constrained since a naive attempt to double copy a generic massive gauge theory leads to unphysical scattering amplitudes. In 4d the only known examples are Kaluza-Klein theories of 5d massless gauge theories. However in 3d the situation is different. The work of this thesis suggests that topologically massive gauge and gravity theories are related by double copy. We observed this relation between scattering amplitudes (for 3,4 and 5 point tree level amplitudes) as well as between classical solutions. Also, we found a 3d equivalent of Weyl double copy relating the Cotton tensor to a product of two gauge theory field strength tensors.
Technology Components as Adjuncts to Family-Based Pediatric Obesity Treatment in Low-Income Minority Youth
Creators: name: Tripicchio, G.L.
name: Davis, A.
name: Ammerman, A.S.
name: Dean, K.
name: Ward, D.S.
name: Burger, K.S.
name: Befort, C.
name: Faith, M.S.
name: Truesdale, K.P.
name: Neshteruk, C.
Publisher: name: Mary Ann Liebert Inc.
Year: 2017

description: Background: Strategies to treat pediatric obesity are needed, especially among high-need populations. Technology is an innovative approach; however, data on technology as adjuncts to in-person treatment programs are limited. Methods: A total of 64 children [body mass index (BMI) ≥85th percentile, mean age = 9.6 ± 3.1 years, 32.8% female, 84.4% Hispanic] were recruited to participate in one of three cohorts of a family-based behavioral group (FBBG) treatment program: FBBG only, TECH1, and TECH2. Rolling, nonrandomized recruitment was used to enroll participants into three cohorts from May 2014 to February 2015. FBBG began in May 2014 and received the standard, in-person 12-week treatment only (n = 21); TECH1 began in September 2014 and received FBBG plus a digital tablet equipped with a fitness app (FITNET) (n = 20); TECH2 began in February 2015 and received FBBG and FITNET, plus five individually tailored TeleMed health-coaching sessions delivered via Skype (n = 23). Child BMI z-score (BMI-z) was assessed at baseline and postintervention. Secondary aims examined weekly FBBG attendance, feasibility/acceptability of FITNET and Skype, and the effect of technology engagement on BMI-z. Results: FBBG and TECH1 participants did not show significant reductions in BMI-z postintervention [FBBG: β = -0.05(0.04), p = 0.25; TECH1: β = -0.006(0.06), p = 0.92], but TECH2 participants did [β = -0.09(0.02), p < 0.001] and TeleMed session participation was significantly associated with BMI-z reduction [β = -0.04(0.01), p = 0.01]. FITNET use and FBBG attendance were not associated with BMI-z in any cohort. Overall, participants rated the technology as highly acceptable. Conclusions: Technology adjuncts are feasible, used by hard-to-reach participants, and show promise for improving child weight status in obesity treatment programs.
A Mathematical Formalization of Qualia Space
Creators: name: Posina, Venkata Rayudu
name: Roy, Sisir
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Conscious experience
Binding problem
Category theory
Cohesion
Quality
Qualia
Composite qualities

description: The qualitative nature of our conscious experiences, though routinely acknowledged, has rarely been explicitly modeled simply because we did not have a mathematical definition of the notion of quality. Recently, as part of the axiomatization of cohesion, F. William Lawvere defined QUALITY. Based on Lawvere's definition of quality, we formalized qualia space as a categorical product of qualities. Our manuscript, to the best of our knowledge, is the first paper to apply the category theory of quality and cohesion to formalize the binding of qualitative qualia into the unity of consciousness. As such, we are confident that our work will inspire further in-depth mathematical investigations of the categorical product of qualities as a model of the qualia space.
Differences in cardiovascular disease risk factors by weight history: The aerobics center longitudinal study
Creators: name: Cai, J.
name: Stevens, J.
name: Truesdale, K.P.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: The objective of this study was to compare cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factor levels in adults with a history of weight loss to levels in adults who did not lose weight, after both groups subsequently experienced an approximate 1-year interval of weight maintenance. Extant data from the Aerobics Center Longitudinal Study (ACLS) were used to identify 5,151 adults who were weight maintainers (maintained weight within 3.0% over two consecutive periods of ∼1 year) or weight-loss maintainers (lost 3.0-5.0% or 5.0% of body weight in the first interval and maintained that loss in the second interval). Mixed models regression was used to accommodate repeated measures and adjust for gender, age, smoking, cardiorespiratory fitness, decade of clinic visit, interval length, and BMI at the time of risk factor measurement. Coefficients from the model were used to calculate the adjusted risk factor levels in the three groups. Differences in total cholesterol (3.8 mg/dl, 95% confidence interval: 5.5, 2.0), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (3.0 mg/dl, confidence interval: 4.8, 1.1), triglycerides (6.1 mg/dl, confidence interval: 10.6, 1.7) and diastolic blood pressure (0.8 mg/dl, confidence interval: 1.4, 0.3) indicated that levels were slightly more favorable in the ≤5.0% weight-loss maintenance group than weight maintenance group. Levels were similar for glucose, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and systolic blood pressure. This work indicates that, when adjusted for covariates including current BMI, adults with a history of weight loss may have CVD risk factors to levels as good, or perhaps even better than, those observed in adults who maintain their weight.
Modest changes in dietary intake across the menstrual cycle: Implications for food intake research
Creators: name: Truesdale, K.P.
name: Dye, L.
name: Bryant, M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2006

description: Food intake varies across the menstrual cycle in mammals, energy intake usually being greater in the premenstrual phase compared with the post-menstrual phase. Premenstrual increments in energy intake and a preferential selection of carbohydrate have been suggested to be greater in women with premenstrual syndrome (PMS), who may be more sensitive to cyclical hormonal or neurotransmitter fluctuations. This has direct implications for research within populations of women, especially where the primary outcome is diet or a change in energy balance. We aimed to determine whether: the premenstrual intake of energy and macronutrients differed from the postmenstrual intake; the change in intake across the menstrual cycle differed in women with PMS compared with controls; and the change in intake was related to the severity of premenstrual symptoms. We collected 3 d dietary intake data during the postmenstrual and premenstrual phases of the menstrual cycle in thirty-one women with PMS and twenty-seven control women. The consumption of energy and macronutrient intake were similar between the phases of the cycle in women with PMS. Conversely, intakes were usually greater premenstrually in control women, although not all differences were statistically significant. Exceptions were with non-milk extrinsic sugars and alcohol, which were both consumed in greater amounts in the premenstrual phase in women with PMS. Significant correlations were observed between the severity of symptoms and the change in the consumption of these nutrients. These data suggest that a consideration of the menstrual cycle phase and PMS in diet may not be warranted, especially in cross-sectional analysis, although it may need to be taken into account when examining change in intake during dietary interventions.
BBMRI-ERIC Directory data structure changes : Proposal for Change
Creators: name: Hodselmans, Aneas
name: van Enckevort, Esther
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biobanking
Directory
Datamanagment
MOLGENIS
BBMRI
BBMRI-ERIC
Manual
Data structure
Proposal

description: In this document we propose a couple of changes to the data model of the BBMRI-ERIC Directory. Most of these changes are structural changes to make it easier for the National Nodes to fill in the data in the Directory and limit duplication. We also propose the deletion of six fields that were not shown in the User Interface. Four of these fields relate to the available IT infrastructure and staff in the biobank, one field provides a reference to be cited upon use and one that is recorded if the biobank had signed the BBMRI-ERIC partner charter. 
Additional file 1 of Nationwide survey of patients’ and doctors’ perceptions of what is needed in doctor - patient communication in a Southeast Asian context
Creators: name: Tran, Trung Quang
name: A. J. J. A. Scherpbier
name: Dalen, Jan Van
name: Van, Dung Do
name: Wright, Elaine Pamela
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1.
Dependences on RE of Superconducting Properties of Transition Metal co-doped (Ca,RE)FeAs2 with RE = La-Gd
Creators: name: Yakita, Hiroyuki
name: Ogino, Hiraku
name: Sala, Alberto
name: Okada, Tomoyuki
name: Yamamoto, Akiyasu
name: Kishio, Kohji
name: Iyo, Akira
name: Eisaki, Hiroshi
name: Shimoyama, Jun-ichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dependence of superconducting properties of (Ca,RE)(Fe,TM)As2 [(Ca,RE)112, TM: Co, Ni)] on RE elements (RE = La-Gd) was systematically investigated. Improvement of superconducting properties by Co or Ni co-doping was observed for all (Ca,RE)112, which is similar to Co-co-doped (Ca,La)112 or (Ca,Pr)112. Tc of Co-co-doped samples decreased from 38 K for RE = La to 29 K for RE = Gd with decreasing ionic radii of RE3+. However, Co-co-doped (Ca,Eu)112 showed exceptionally low Tc = 21 K probably due to the co-existence of Eu3+ and Eu2+ suggested by longer interlayer distance dFe-Fe of (Ca,Eu)112 than other (Ca,RE)112.
Fermionic realization of two-parameter quantum affine algebra $U_{r,s}(C_l^{(1)})$
Creators: name: Jing, Naihuan
name: Zhang, Honglian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 17B37

description: We construct a Fock space representation and the action of the two-parameter quantum algebra $U_{r,s}(\frak{gl}_{\infty})$ using extended Young diagrams. In particular, we obtain an integrable representation of the two-parameter quantum affine algebra of type $C_n^{(1)}$ which is a two-parameter generalization of Kang-Misra-Miwa's realization.
description: 12 pp, 20 refs
(3704) John William Pendleton
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Is There a Moral Difference Between Messaging and Mere Detectability?
Creators: name: Haramia, Chelsea
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: Abstract: Messaging ExtraTerrestrial Intelligence (METI) is one way to conduct the Search for ExtraTerrestrial Intelligence (SETI). Messaging is the act of intentionally attempting communication with ETI. But other, unintentional signals—such as Earth’s biosignatures or humans’ planetary radar—may be detectable at interstellar distances and carry with them the potential to successfully communicate information to ETI. One potential justification for messaging involves the claim that it is effectively indistinguishable from, and thereby morally equivalent to, other merely-detectable signaling. We explore this reasoning alongside current scientific data on questions of detectability, and we evaluate candidate responses that appeal to the claim that there is a morally-relevant difference between messaging and mere detectability.
Geospatial barriers to healthcare access for breast cancer diagnosis in sub-Saharan African settings: The African Breast Cancer—Disparities in Outcomes Cohort Study
Creators: name: Togawa, K.
name: Adisa, C.
name: Anderson, B.O.
name: Foerster, M.
name: Parham, G.
name: Schüz, J.
name: Anele, A.
name: McCormack, V.
name: McKenzie, F.
name: Pinder, L.F.
name: Pontac, J.
name: Zietsman, A.
name: dos Santos-Silva, I.
name: Galukande, M.
Publisher: name: John Wiley and Sons Inc
Year: 2021

description: We examined the geospatial dimension of delays to diagnosis of breast cancer in a prospective study of 1541 women newly diagnosed in the African Breast Cancer—Disparities in Outcomes (ABC-DO) Study. Women were recruited at cancer treatment facilities in Namibia, Nigeria, Uganda and Zambia. The baseline interview included information used to generate the geospatial features: urban/rural residence, travel mode to treatment facility and straight-line distances from home to first-care provider and to diagnostic/treatment facility, categorized into country/ethnicity (population)-specific quartiles. These factors were investigated in relation to delay in diagnosis (≥3 months since first symptom) and late stage at diagnosis (TNM: III, IV) using logistic regression, adjusted for population group and sociodemographic characteristics. The median (interquartile range) distances to first provider and diagnostic and treatment facilities were 5 (1-37), 17 (3-105) and 62 (5-289) km, respectively. The majority had a delay in diagnosis (74%) and diagnosis at late stage (64%). Distance to first provider was not associated with delay in diagnosis or late stage at diagnosis. Rural residence was associated with delay, but the association did not persist after adjustment for sociodemographic characteristics. Distance to the diagnostic/treatment facility was associated with delay (highest vs lowest quartile: odds ratio (OR) = 1.56, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.08-2.27) and late stage (overall: OR = 1.47, CI = 1.05-2.06; without Nigerian hospitals where mostly local residents were treated: OR = 1.73, CI = 1.18-2.54). These findings underscore the need for measures addressing the geospatial barriers to early diagnosis in sub-Saharan African settings, including providing transport or travel allowance and decentralizing diagnostic services.
Collapse of electrons to a donor cluster in SrTiO$_3$
Creators: name: Fu, Han
name: Reich, K. V.
name: Shklovskii, B. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is known that a nucleus with charge $Ze$ where $Z>170$ creates electron-positron pairs from the vacuum. These electrons collapse onto the nucleus resulting in a net charge $Z_n
Additional file 1 of Diagnosis of hepatic glycogen storage disease patients with overlapping clinical symptoms by massively parallel sequencing: a systematic review of literature
Creators: name: Beyzaei, Zahra
name: Geramizadeh, Bita
name: Karimzadeh, Sara
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file1: Supplementary Table 1. PRISMA 2009 Checklist. Supplementary Table 2. Search strategy for MEDLINE/PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Scopus and Web of Science Core Collection databases. Supplementary Table 3. Quality assessment scores according to the NHLBI Quality Assessment Tool for Observational Cohort, Cross-Sectional and Case series Studies for each reviewer.
Preexisting morbidity profile of women newly diagnosed with breast cancer in sub-Saharan Africa: African Breast Cancer—Disparities in Outcomes study
Creators: name: Cubasch, H.
name: Foerster, M.
name: Galukande, M.
name: Norris, S.A.
name: McCormack, V.A.
name: Joffe, M.
name: Parham, G.
name: Schüz, J.
name: Anderson, B.O.
name: Anele, A.
name: dos Santos Silva, I.
name: Adisa, C.
name: Zietsman, A.
name: Ayeni, O.A.
Publisher: name: John Wiley and Sons Inc
Year: 2021

description: The presence of preexisting morbidities poses a challenge to cancer patient care. There is little information on the profile and prevalence of multi-morbidities in breast cancer patients across middle income countries (MIC) to lower income countries (LIC) in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). The African Breast Cancer–Disparities in Outcomes (ABC-DO) breast cancer cohort spans upper MICs South Africa and Namibia, lower MICs Zambia and Nigeria and LIC Uganda. At cancer diagnosis, seven morbidities were assessed: obesity, hypertension, diabetes, asthma/chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, heart disease, tuberculosis and HIV. Logistic regression models were used to assess determinants of morbidities and the influence of morbidities on advanced stage (stage III/IV) breast cancer diagnosis. Among 2189 women, morbidity prevalence was the highest for obesity (35%, country-specific range 15-57%), hypertension (32%, 15-51%) and HIV (16%, 2-26%) then for diabetes (7%, 4%-10%), asthma (4%, 2%-10%), tuberculosis (4%, 0%-8%) and heart disease (3%, 1%-7%). Obesity and hypertension were more common in upper MICs and in higher socioeconomic groups. Overall, 27% of women had at least two preexisting morbidities. Older women were more likely to have obesity (odds ratio: 1.09 per 10 years, 95% CI 1.01-1.18), hypertension (1.98, 1.81-2.17), diabetes (1.51, 1.32-1.74) and heart disease (1.69, 1.37-2.09) and were less likely to be HIV positive (0.64, 0.58-0.71). Multi-morbidity was not associated with stage at diagnosis, with the exception of earlier stage in obese and hypertensive women. Breast cancer patients in higher income countries and higher social groups in SSA face the additional burden of preexisting non-communicable diseases, particularly obesity and hypertension, exacerbated by HIV in Southern/Eastern Africa.
Strain and the optoelectronic properties of non-planar phosphorene monolayers
Creators: name: Mehboudi, Mehrshad
name: Utt, Kainen
name: Terrones, Humberto
name: Harriss, Edmund O.
name: SanJuan, Alejandro A. Pacheco
name: Barraza-Lopez, Salvador
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Lattice {\em Kirigami}, ultra-light metamaterials, poly-disperse aggregates, ceramic nano-lattices, and two-dimensional (2-D) atomic materials share an inherent structural discreteness, and their material properties evolve with their shape. To exemplify the intimate relation among material properties and the local geometry, we explore the properties of phosphorene --a new 2-D atomic material-- in a conical structure, and document a decrease of the semiconducting gap that is directly linked to its non-planar shape. This geometrical effect occurs regardless of phosphorene allotrope considered, and it provides a unique optical vehicle to single out local structural defects on this 2-D material. We also classify other 2-D atomic materials in terms of their crystalline unit cells, and propose means to obtain the local geometry directly from their diverse two-dimensional structures while bypassing common descriptions of shape that are based from a parametric continuum.
description: Published at PNAS (accepted on 3/31/2015, and online free of charge at www.pnas.org as of 4/27/2015.)
(3706) Walter Kerr
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Dissecting the journey to breast cancer diagnosis in sub-Saharan Africa: Findings from the multicountry ABC-DO cohort study
Creators: name: Adisa, C.
name: Parham, G.
name: Zietsman, A.
name: Schüz, J.
name: dos-Santos-Silva, I.
name: Anele, A.
name: McKenzie, F.
name: McCormack, V.
name: Foerster, M.
name: Galukande, M.
name: Pinder, L.
Publisher: name: Wiley-Liss Inc.
Year: 2021

description: Most breast cancer patients in sub-Saharan Africa are diagnosed at advanced stages after prolonged symptomatic periods. In the multicountry African Breast Cancer-Disparities in Outcomes cohort, we dissected the diagnostic journey to inform downstaging interventions. At hospital presentation for breast cancer, women recalled their diagnostic journey, including dates of first noticing symptoms and health-care provider (HCP) visits. Negative binomial regression models were used to identify correlates of the length of the diagnostic journey. Among 1429 women, the median (inter-quartile range) length (months) of the diagnostic journey ranged from 11.3 (5.7-21.2) in Ugandan, 8.2 (3.4-16.4) in Zambian, 6.5 (2.4-15.7) in Namibian-black to 5.6 (2.3-13.1) in Nigerian and 2.4 (0.6-5.5) in Namibian-non-black women. Time from first HCP contact to diagnosis represented, on average, 58% to 79% of the diagnostic journey in each setting except Nigeria where most women presented directly to the diagnostic hospital with advanced disease. The median number of HCPs visited was 1 to 4 per woman, but time intervals between visits were long. Women who attributed their initial symptoms to cancer had a 4.1 months (absolute) reduced diagnostic journey than those who did not, while less-educated (none/primary) women had a 3.6 months longer journey than more educated women. In most settings the long journey to breast cancer diagnosis was not primarily due to late first presentation but to prolonged delays after first presentation to diagnosis. Promotion of breast cancer awareness and implementation of accelerated referral pathways for women with suspicious symptoms are vital to downstaging the disease in the region.
Interpretation of surface diffusion data with Langevin simulations - a quantitative assessment
Creators: name: Diamant, Moshe
name: Rahav, Saar
name: Ferrando, Riccardo
name: Alexandrowicz, Gil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Diffusion studies of adsorbates moving on a surface are often analyzed using 2D Langevin simulations. These simulations are computationally cheap and offer valuable insight into the dynamics, however, they simplify the complex interactions between the substrate and adsorbate atoms, neglecting correlations in the motion of the two species. The effect of this simplification on the accuracy of observables extracted using Langevin simulations was previously unquantified. Here we report a numerical study aimed at assessing the validity of this approach. We compared experimentally accessible observables which were calculated using a Langevin simulation with those obtained from explicit molecular dynamics simulations. Our results show that within the range of parameters we explored Langevin simulations provide a good alternative for calculating the diffusion procress, i.e. the effect of correlations is too small to be observed within the numerical accuracy of this study and most likely would not have a significant effect on the interpretation of experimental data. Our comparison of the two numerical approaches also demonstrates the effect temperature dependent friction has on the calculated observables, illustrating the importance of accounting for such a temperature dependence when interpreting experimental data.
User experience with low-cost virtual reality cancer surgery simulation in an african setting
Creators: name: Sullivan, R.
name: Parham, G.P.
name: Bing, E.G.
name: Brown, M.L.
name: Cuevas, A.
Publisher: name: American Society of Clinical Oncology
Year: 2021

description: PURPOSE Limited access to adequate cancer surgery training is one of the driving forces behind global inequities in surgical cancer care. Affordable virtual reality (VR) surgical training could enhance surgical skills in low- and middle-income settings, but most VR and augmented reality systems are too expensive and do not teach open surgical techniques commonly practiced in these contexts. New low-cost VR can offer skill development simulations relevant to these settings, but little is known about how knowledge is gained and applied by surgeons training and working in specific resource-constrained settings. This study addresses this gap, exploring gynecologic oncology trainee learning and user experience using a low-cost VR simulator to learn to perform an open radical abdominal hysterectomy in Lusaka, Zambia. METHODS Eleven surgical trainees rotating through the gynecologic oncology service were sequentially recruited from the University Teaching Hospital in Lusaka to participate in a study evaluating a VR radical abdominal hysterectomy training designed to replicate the experience in a Zambian hospital. Six participated in semi-structured interviews following the training. Interviews were analyzed using open and axial coding, informed by grounded theory. RESULTS Simulator participation increased participants’ perception of their surgical knowledge, confidence, and skills. Participants believed their skills transferred to other related surgical procedures. Having clear goals and motivation to improve were described as factors that influenced success. CONCLUSION For cancer surgery trainees in lower-resourced settings learning medical and surgical skills, even for those with limited VR experience, low-cost VR simulators may enhance anatomical knowledge and confidence. The VR simulator reinforced anatomical and clinical knowledge acquired through other modalities. VR-enhanced learning may be particularly valuable when mentored learning opportunities are limited.
t factor: A metric for measuring impact on Twitter
Creators: name: Bornmann, Lutz
name: Haunschild, Robin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Based on the definition of the well-known h index we propose a t factor for measuring the impact of publications (and other entities) on Twitter. The new index combines tweet and retweet data in a balanced way whereby retweets are seen as data reflecting the impact of initial tweets. The t factor is defined as follows: A unit (single publication, journal, researcher, research group etc.) has factor t if t of its Nt tweets have at least t retweets each and the other (Nt-t) tweets have <=t retweets each.
description: URL: http://e-journal.um.edu.my/public/article-view.php?id=9398
(3701) Susan Eliot
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Machine learning for outlier detection in medical imaging
Creators: name: Tan, Jeremy Hui-Min
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2022

description: Outlier detection is an important problem with diverse practical applications. In medical imaging, there are many diagnostic tasks that can be framed as outlier detection. Since pathologies can manifest in so many different ways, the goal is typically to learn from normal, healthy data and identify any deviations. Unfortunately, many outliers in the medical domain can be subtle and specific, making them difficult to detect without labelled examples. This thesis analyzes some of the nuances of medical data and the value of labels in this context. It goes on to propose several strategies for unsupervised learning. More specifically, these methods are designed to learn discriminative features from data of a single class. One approach uses divergent search to continually find different ways to partition the data and thereby accumulates a repertoire of features. The other proposed methods are based on a self-supervised task that distorts normal data to form a contrasting class. A network can then be trained to localize the irregularities and estimate the degree of foreign interference. This basic technique is further enhanced using advanced image editing to create more natural irregularities. Lastly, the same self-supervised task is repurposed for few-shot learning to create a framework for adaptive outlier detection. These proposed methods are able to outperform conventional strategies across a range of datasets including brain MRI, abdominal CT, chest X-ray, and fetal ultrasound data. In particular, these methods excel at detecting more subtle irregularities. This complements existing methods and aims to maximize benefit to clinicians by detecting fine-grained anomalies that can otherwise require intense scrutiny. Note that all approaches to outlier detection must accept some assumptions; these will affect which types of outliers can be detected. As such, these methods aim for broad generalization within the most medically relevant categories. Ultimately, the hope is to support clinicians and to focus their attention and efforts on the data that warrants further analysis.
Additional file 2 of Nationwide survey of patients’ and doctors’ perceptions of what is needed in doctor - patient communication in a Southeast Asian context
Creators: name: Tran, Trung Quang
name: A. J. J. A. Scherpbier
name: Dalen, Jan Van
name: Van, Dung Do
name: Wright, Elaine Pamela
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2.
Few Losses to Follow-up in a Sub-Saharan African Cancer Cohort via Active Mobile Health Follow-up
Creators: name: Walubita, E.
name: Parham, G.
name: Kaggwa, A.
name: Ezeigbo, E.
name: Nakazibwe, T.
name: Anele, A.
name: McKenzie, F.
name: Galukande, M.
name: Nteziryayo, A.
name: Schüz, J.
name: Anderson, B.O.
name: Dos Santos Silva, I.
name: Zietsman, A.
name: McCormack, V.
name: Pontac, J.
name: Adisa, C.
name: Pinder, L.F.
name: Oyamienlen, C.S.
name: Bakengesa, E.
name: Foerster, M.
name: Naamala, A.
name: Iwuoha, K.C.
Publisher: name: Oxford University Press
Year: 2020

description: Accurate survival estimates are needed for guiding cancer control efforts in sub-Saharan Africa, but previous studies have been hampered by unknown biases due to excessive loss to follow-up (LTFU). In the African Breast Cancer-Disparities in Outcomes Study, a prospective breast cancer cohort study, we implemented active mobile health follow-up, telephoning each woman or her next-of-kin (NOK) trimonthly on her mobile phone to update information on her vital status. Dates of every contact with women/NOK were analyzed from diagnosis in 2014-2017 to the earliest of September 1, 2018, death, or 3 years postdiagnosis. The cumulative incidence of being LTFU was calculated considering deaths as competing events. In all, 1,490 women were followed for a median of 24.2 (interquartile range (IQR), 14.2-34.5) months, corresponding to 8,529 successful contacts (77% of total contacts) with the women/NOK. Median time between successful contacts was 3.0 (IQR, 3.0-3.7) months. In all, 71 women (5.3%) were LTFU at 3 years: 0.8% in Nigeria, 2.2% in Namibia, and 5.6% in Uganda. Because of temporary discontinuity of active follow-up, 20.3% of women were LTFU after 2 years in Zambia. The median time to study notification of a death was 9.1 (IQR, 3.9-14.0) weeks. Although the present study was not a randomized controlled trial, in this cancer cohort with active mobile health follow-up, LTFU was much lower than in previous studies and enabled estimation of up-to-date and reliable cancer survival.
Higher-Dimensional Unification with continuous and fuzzy coset spaces as extra dimensions
Creators: name: Gavriil, D.
name: Manolakos, G.
name: Orfanidis, G.
name: Zoupanos, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We first review the Coset Space Dimensional Reduction (CSDR) programme and present the best model constructed so far based on the $\mathcal{N} = 1$, $10$-dimensional $E_8$ gauge theory reduced over the nearly-Kähler manifold $SU(3)/U(1)\times U(1)$ with the additional use of the Wilson flux mechanism. Then we present the corresponding programme in the case that the extra dimensions are considered to be fuzzy coset spaces and the best model that has been constructed in this framework too. In both cases the best model appears to be the trinification GUT $SU(3)^3$.
Practical Administrative Measures for Involving the Communities in Primary School Administration in Udi Local Government Area of Enugu State, Nigeria
Creators: name: Udeani,, Justina (Ph. D.)
name: Ogbuanu,, Henrietta C. (Ph. D.)
Publisher: name: GO JOURNAL
Year: 2024
Subjects: Primary schools, headmasters, administration, communities

description: This research sought to find out the practical administrative measures for involving the communities in primary school administration in the Udi Local Government Area of Enugu State, Nigeria. Descriptive survey research was adopted. All the 92 headmasters of the 92 primary schools in the area constituted the population. They were all involved in the study since the population was manageable. Two research questions guided the study. A “Questionnaire of Practical Administrative Measures for Involving the Communities in Primary Schools Administration” was used to obtain information from the respondents. The instrument which was duly validated and confirmed reliable was rated using the modified Likert’s four-point rating scale. A 2.50 mean score was adopted as a level of agreement. The research questions were answered using the mean and standard deviation (SD). The results revealed that the headmasters involved the communities in school curricular programmes but not in financial and physical facilities management, to an agreement level. The findings led to recommendations that the local government education authority should have operational guidelines and monitoring teams to ensure the sustenance of the school-communities’ relationships in all primary schools. Primary school teachers who aspire to higher education should be encouraged to study educational administration
Minimizing Delays in the Breast Cancer Pathway by Integrating Breast Specialty Care Services at the Primary Health Care Level in Zambia
Creators: name: Shibemba, A.
name: Pinder, L.F.
name: Parham, G.P.
name: Munalula, J.
name: Rayne, S.
name: Kapambwe, S.
name: Cabanes, A.
name: Songiso, M.
Publisher: name: American Society of Clinical Oncology
Year: 2020

description: PURPOSE In Zambia, more than two-thirds of female patients with breast cancer present with late-stage disease, leading to high mortality rates. Most of the underlying causes are associated with delays in symptom recognition and diagnosis. By implementing breast care specialty services at the primary health care level, we hypothesized that some of the delays could be minimized. METHODS In March 2018, we established a breast care specialty clinic for women with symptomatic disease within 1 of the 5 district hospitals in Lusaka. The clinic offers breast self-awareness education, clinical breast examination, breast ultrasound, ultrasound-guided breast biopsy, surgery, referral for chemoradiation, follow-up care, and electronic medical records. RESULTS Between March 2018 and April 2019, of 1,790 symptomatic women who presented to the clinic, 176 (10%) had clinical and/or ultrasound indications for histologic evaluation. Biopsy specimens were obtained using ultrasound-guided core-needle procedures, all of which were performed on the same day as the initial visit. Of the 176 women who underwent biopsy, 112 (64%) had pathologic findings compatible with a primary breast cancer, and of these, 42 (37%) were early-stage (stage I/II) disease. Surgery for early-stage cancers was performed at the district hospital within 2 weeks of the time of definitive pathologic diagnosis. Patients with advanced disease were referred to the national cancer center for multimodality therapy, within a similar time frame. CONCLUSION Breast care specialty services for symptomatic women were established in a district-level hospital in a resource-constrained setting in Africa. As a result, the following time intervals were minimized: initial presentation and performance of clinical diagnostics; receipt of a definitive pathologic diagnosis and initiation of surgery; receipt of a definitive pathologic diagnosis and referral.
Deuteron and triton magnetic moments from NMR spectra of the hydrogen molecule
Creators: name: Puchalski, Mariusz
name: Komasa, Jacek
name: Pachucki, Krzysztof
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a theory and calculations of the nuclear magnetic shielding with finite nuclear mass effects and determine magnetic moments of deuteron and triton using the known NMR spectra of HD and HT molecules. The results $μ_d = 0.857\,438\,234\,6(53)\;μ_N$ and $μ_t = 2.978\,962\,471(10)\;μ_N$ are more accurate and in a good agreement with the currently accepted values.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure
(3703) Alison Marshall
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Supplementary document for Co-designed metaoptoelectronic deep learning - 6200656.pdf
Creators: name: Vamivakas, Nickolas
name: Burgos, Carlos Mauricio Villegas
name: Zhu, Yuhao
name: Xiong, Pei
name: Qiu, Liangyu
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supplementary File
Creating a low-cost virtual reality surgical simulation to increase surgical oncology capacity and capability
Creators: name: Bing, E.G.
name: Parham, G.
name: Fisher, B.
name: Cuevas, A.
name: Sullivan, R.
name: Mwanahamuntu, M.
name: Skinner, J.
Publisher: name: ecancer Global Foundation
Year: 2019

description: Worldwide, more than 80% of people with cancer will require surgery during their disease course, but less than 25% have access to safe, affordable and timely surgery. Among the barriers to increasing surgical capacity are the time and costs required to train novices. Virtual reality (VR) surgical simulations can reduce the time required for novices to reach surgical proficiency, though their costs may exceed USD $100,000. The goal of this study was to determine if a low-cost system, using commercially available technology designed for in-home computer gaming, could be used to create a realistic VR surgical oncology simulation. Standard commercially available VR software and Oculus Rift hardware have been used to provide high-quality visuals and believable surgeon hand interactions. Near identical VR reproduction of an operating room using 1:1 scale matching of real-world elements, including equipment, instruments, supplies and sounds, maintaining frame rate greater than 60 fps to maintain visual fidelity has been created. Internal anatomy was designed as VR replica of human female pelvic anatomy, including organs, veins and other vessels, peritoneum and connective tissue. Internal anatomy was designed to run at 120 fps and to allow for a realistic abdominal radical hysterectomy simulation. Surgical hands were modelled to scale for those with large and small hands. Multiple hand positions were simulated using Oculus touch hardware. Reconstructing the virtual environment to simulate reality as accurately as possible was done to immerse users in the simulator so that they focus on learning and practise without distractions. Training modules were co-designed by experts in learning sciences, human behaviour, VR and gynaecologic oncology. We have successfully created a low-cost VR simulation to help prepare novice surgeons to perform a radical abdominal hysterectomy surgery procedure. The simulation can be used with commercially available computer gaming hardware that currently costs less than USD $1,500. Low-cost VR simulation has the potential to reduce the time and cost to train surgeons to perform surgical oncology procedures, as well as both improve and audit quality. If effective in real-world clinical trials, such simulations have relevance to multiple surgical procedures and applicability in both resource-limited and high-income settings.
Additional file 3 of Development and pilot evaluation of a mobile app on parent-child exercises to improve physical activity and psychosocial outcomes of Hong Kong Chinese children
Creators: name: Wong, Rosa Sze Man
name: Yu, Esther Yee Tak
name: Thomson Wai-Lung Wong
name: Fung, Colman Siu Cheung
name: Choi, Cynthia Sin Yi
name: Or, Calvin Ka Lun
name: Liu, Kiki Sze Nga
name: Wong, Carlos King Ho
name: Ip, Patrick
name: Lam, Cindy Lo Kuen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 3. User app points and ranking.
(3699) Jacqueline Evelyn-Wright
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Partnering with traditional Chiefs to expand access to cervical cancer prevention services in rural Zambia
Creators: name: Parham, G.P.
name: Kapambwe, S.
name: Pinder, L.F.
name: Chirwa, S.C.
name: Chisele, S.
name: Mwanahamuntu, M.
Publisher: name: John Wiley and Sons Ltd.
Year: 2019

description: Objective: To evaluate how the influence of traditional Chiefs can be leveraged to promote access to cervical cancer prevention services in rural Zambia. Methods: A retrospective review of outcome data was conducted for all screening outreach events that occurred in Zambian Chiefdoms between October 4, 2015, and October 3, 2016. Members of the health promotion team of the Cervical Cancer Prevention Program in Zambia visited local Chiefs to inform them of the importance of cervical cancer prevention. The local Chiefs then summoned adults living within their Chiefdoms to assemble for cervical cancer prevention health talks. Screen-and-treat services were implemented within each of the Chiefdoms over a 1-week period. Results: VIA-enhanced digital imaging of the cervix (digital cervicography) was offered to 8399 women in ten Chiefdoms as part of a village-based screening (VBS) program. In all, 419 (4.9%) women had positive screening test results. Of these women, 276 (65.8%) were treated immediately with thermocoagulation and 143 (34.1%) were referred to provincial government hospitals to undergo either the loop electrosurgical excision procedure/large loop excision of the transformation zone (n=109, 26.0%) or punch biopsy (n=34, 8.1%). Conclusion: The influence of traditional Chiefs was leveraged to facilitate access to cervical cancer prevention services in rural Zambia.