cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Brushing directed graphs
Creators: name: Kavirathne, Sulani Dinya
Publisher: name: Memorial University of Newfoundland
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04haebc03
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: Brushing of graphs is an edge searching strategy where the searching agents are called brushes. We focus on brushing directed graphs based on a new model that we have developed. The fundamentals of this model have been influenced by previous studies about brushing undirected graphs. We discuss strategies to brush directed graphs as well as values and bounds for the brushing number of directed graphs. As the main results we give an upper bound for the brushing number of directed acyclic graphs. We also establish exact values for the brushing number of transitive tournaments, complete directed graphs and rotational tournaments. The behaviour of the brushing number of several other types of directed graphs are also taken into consideration.
CARMA Survey Toward Infrared-bright Nearby Galaxies (STING): Molecular Gas Star Formation Law in NGC4254
Creators: name: Rahman, Nurur
name: Bolatto, Alberto D.
name: Wong, Tony
name: Leroy, Adam K.
name: Walter, Fabian
name: Rosolowsky, Erik
name: West, Andrew A.
name: Bigiel, Frank
name: Ott, Juergen
name: Xue, Rui
name: Herrera-Camus, Rodrigo
name: Jameson, Katherine
name: Blitz, Leo
name: Vogel, Stuart N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This study explores the effects of different assumptions and systematics on the determination of the local, spatially resolved star formation law. Using four star formation rate (SFR) tracers (Hαwith azimuthally averaged extinction correction, mid-infrared 24 micron, combined Hαand mid-infrared 24 micron, and combined far-ultraviolet and mid-infrared 24 micron), several fitting procedures, and different sampling strategies we probe the relation between SFR and molecular gas at various spatial resolutions and surface densities within the central 6.5 kpc in the disk of NGC4254. We find that in the high surface brightness regions of NGC4254 the form of the molecular gas star formation law is robustly determined and approximately linear and independent of the assumed fraction of diffuse emission and the SFR tracer employed. When the low surface brightness regions are included, the slope of the star formation law depends primarily on the assumed fraction of diffuse emission. In such case, results range from linear when the fraction of diffuse emission in the SFR tracer is ~30% or less (or when diffuse emission is removed in both the star formation and the molecular gas tracer), to super-linear when the diffuse fraction is ~50% and above. We find that the tightness of the correlation between gas and star formation varies with the choice of star formation tracer. The 24 micron SFR tracer by itself shows the tightest correlation with the molecular gas surface density, whereas the Hαcorrected for extinction using an azimuthally-averaged correction shows the highest dispersion. We find that for R<0.5R_25 the local star formation efficiency is constant and similar to that observed in other large spirals, with a molecular gas depletion time ~2 Gyr.
description: accepted for publication in ApJ, vol 729, March 10 2011 issue; 30 pages; 14 figures; revised version includes referee's comments; results unchanged
Tryptophan and the Optimization of Cognitive Function: Unlocking the Neurodivergent Brain's Role in Human Advancement
Creators: name: Anson, Amber
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: This paper explores tryptophan’s role in the neurodivergent brain, focusing on ADHD, and proposes these minds operate in a quantum state of heightened cognitive processing. Inspired by a 2025 Howard University study revisiting Schrödinger’s What is Life? in the quantum age (Phys.org, 2025), we suggest ADHD brains mirror superradiance in quantum systems, amplifying neural output 5–7x via tryptophan networks, reflected in 10–15% higher gamma-band activity. This drives executive function challenges and sleep disturbances, yet signals a mutation—a leap in human cognitive evolution poised to unlock new intelligence for future generations.
Nearby Supernova Rates from the Lick Observatory Supernova Search. I. The Methods and Database
Creators: name: Leaman, Jesse
name: Li, Weidong
name: Chornock, Ryan
name: Filippenko, Alexei V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This is the first paper of a series in which we present new measurements of the observed rates of supernovae (SNe) in the local Universe, determined from the Lick Observatory Supernova Search (LOSS). We have obtained 2.3 million observations of 14,882 sample galaxies over an interval of 11 years (March 1998 through Dec. 2008). We considered 1036 SNe detected in our sample and used an optimal subsample of 726 SNe (274 SNe~Ia, 116 SNe~Ibc, 324 SNe~II) to determine our SN rates. This is the largest and most homogeneous set of nearby SNe ever assembled for this purpose, and ours is the first local SN rate analysis based on CCD imaging and modern image-subtraction techniques. In this paper, we lay the foundation of the study. We derive the recipe for the control-time calculation for SNe with a known luminosity function, and provide details on the construction of the galaxy and SN samples used in the calculations. Compared with a complete volume-limited galaxy sample, our sample has a deficit of low-luminosity galaxies but still provides enough statistics for a reliable rate calculation. There is a strong Malmquist bias, so the average size (luminosity or mass) of the galaxies increases monotonically with distance, and this trend is used to showcase a correlation between SN rates and galaxy sizes. Very few core-collapse SNe are found in early-type galaxies, providing strong constraints on the amount of recent star formation within these galaxies. The small average observation interval ($\sim 9$ days) of our survey ensures that our control-time calculations can tolerate a reasonable amount of uncertainty in the luminosity functions of SNe. We perform Monte Carlo simulations to determine the limiting magnitude of each image and the SN detection efficiency as a function of galaxy Hubble type ... (abridged)
description: Minor revisions after the referee's report. MNRAS accepted (Paper I of a series). For high-res figures, latex sources, landscape tables, and online data, please visit http://astro.berkeley.edu/~weidong/rate/
Signals of dark matter in a supersymmetric two dark matter model
Creators: name: Fukuoka, Hiroki
name: Suematsu, Daijiro
name: Toma, Takashi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Supersymmetric radiative neutrino mass models have often two dark matter candidates. One is the usual lightest neutralino with odd R parity and the other is a new neutral particle whose stability is guaranteed by a discrete symmetry that forbids tree-level neutrino Yukawa couplings. If their relic abundance is comparable, dark matter phenomenology can be largely different from the minimal supersymmetric standard model (MSSM). We study this in a supersymmetric radiative neutrino mass model with the conserved R parity and a $Z_2$ symmetry weakly broken by the anomaly effect. The second dark matter with odd parity of this new $Z_2$ is metastable and decays to the neutralino dark matter. Charged particles and photons associated to this decay can cause the deviation from the expected background of the cosmic rays. Direct search of the neutralino dark matter is also expected to show different features from the MSSM since the relic abundance is not composed of the neutralino dark matter only. We discuss the nature of dark matter in this model by analyzing these signals quantitatively.
description: 25 pages, 9 figures, 2 tables, accepted version for publication in JCAP
A Magnetar Strength Surface Magnetic Field for the Slowly Spinning Down SGR 0418+5729
Creators: name: Guver, Tolga
name: Gogus, Ersin
name: Ozel, Feryal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The observed upper bound on the spin down rate of the otherwise typical Soft Gamma-ray Repeater SGR 0418+5729 has challenged the interpretation of this source as a neutron star with ultrastrong magnetic fields. Current limits imply a dipole magnetic field strength of less than 7.5 x 10^{12} G (Rea et al. 2010), which is significantly smaller than that of a typical SGR. Independent of the properties inferred from X-ray timing, the X-ray spectra of neutron stars allow a measurement of their magnetic field strengths because they are distorted from pure blackbodies due to the presence of a magnetic field in a radiative equilibrium atmosphere. In this paper, we model high signal-to-noise XMM-Newton spectra of SGR 0418+5729 to place constraints on the strength of the magnetic field at the surface of the neutron star. Our analysis shows that neutron star atmosphere models with moderate magnetic field strengths (10^{12-13} G) cannot fit the X-ray spectra, whereas, models with stronger magnetic fields are able to account for the observations. We find that the strength of the magnetic field at the surface is 1.0 x 10^{14} G. This value, although lower than all of the other SGRs analyzed to date, is still high enough to generate the observed X-ray bursts from the source. In connection to the spindown limits, it also implies a significantly non-dipolar structure of the magnetic field. We discuss the results of our spectral modeling and compare them with other SGRs.
description: accepted for publication with minor changes. A new figure is added comparing the magnetic field strength measurements for a number of magnetars
kt-factorization for Hard Processes in Nuclei
Creators: name: Dominguez, Fabio
name: Xiao, Bo-Wen
name: Yuan, Feng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two widely proposed kt-dependent gluon distributions in the small-x saturation regime are investigated using two particle back-to-back correlations in high energy scattering processes. The Weizsacker-Williams gluon distribution, interpreted as the number density of gluon inside the nucleus, is studied in the quark-antiquark jet correlation in deep inelastic scattering. On the other hand, the unintegrated gluon distribution, defined as the Fourier transform of the color-dipole cross section, is probed in the direct photon-jet correlation in pA collisions. Dijet-correlation in pA collisions depends on both gluon distributions through combination and convolution in the large Nc limit.
description: 8 pages, 1 figure
Non-commutativity parameters depend not only on the effective coordinate but on its T-dual as well
Creators: name: Davidović, Ljubica
name: Sazdović, Branislav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extend our investigations of the open string propagation in the weakly curved background to the case when Kalb-Ramond field, beside the infinitesimal term linear in coordinate $B_{μνρ}x^ρ$, contains the constant term $b_{μν}\neq 0$. In two previously investigated cases, for the flat background ($b_{μν}\neq 0$ and $B_{μνρ}=0$) and the weakly curved one ($b_{μν}= 0$ and $B_{μνρ}\neq 0$) the effective metric is constant and the effective Kalb-Ramond field is zero. In the present article ($b_{μν}\neq 0$ and $B_{μνρ}\neq 0$) the effective metric is coordinate dependent and there exists non-trivial effective Kalb-Ramond field. It depends on the $σ$-integral of the effective momenta $P_μ(σ)=\int_{0}^σdηp_μ(η)$, which is in fact T-dual of the effective coordinate, $P_μ=κg_{μν}{\tilde{q}}^ν$. Beside the standard coordinate dependent term $θ^{μν}(q)$, in the non-commutativity parameter, which is nontrivial only on the string end-points, there are additional $P_μ$ (or ${\tilde{q}}^μ$) dependent terms which are nontrivial both at the string endpoints and at the string interior. The additional terms are infinitesimally small. The part of one of these terms has been obtained in Ref. \cite{HY} and the others are our improvements.
description: 32 pages
Nearby Supernova Rates from the Lick Observatory Supernova Search. III. The Rate-Size Relation, and the Rates as a Function of Galaxy Hubble Type and Colour
Creators: name: Li, Weidong
name: Chornock, Ryan
name: Leaman, Jesse
name: Filippenko, Alexei V.
name: Poznanski, Dovi
name: Wang, Xiaofeng
name: Ganeshalingam, Mohan
name: Mannucci, Filippo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This is the third paper of a series in which we present new measurements of the observed rates of supernovae (SNe) in the local Universe, determined from the Lick Observatory Supernova Search (LOSS). We have considered a sample of about 1000 SNe and used an optimal subsample of 726 SNe (274 SNe Ia, 116 SNe Ibc, and 324 SNe II) to determine our rates. We study the trend of the rates as a function of a few quantities available for our galaxy sample, such as luminosity in the B and K bands, stellar mass, and morphological class. We discuss different choices (SN samples, input SN luminosity functions, inclination correction factors) and their effect on the rates and their uncertainties. A comparison between our SN rates and the published measurements shows that they are consistent with each other to within uncertainties when the rate calculations are done in the same manner. Nevertheless, our data demonstrate that the rates cannot be adequately described by a single parameter using either galaxy Hubble types or B - K colours. A secondary parameter in galaxy "size", expressed by luminosity or stellar mass, is needed to adequately describe the rates in the rate-size relation: the galaxies of smaller sizes have higher SN rates per unit mass or per unit luminosity. The trends of the SN rates in galaxies of different Hubble types and colours are discussed. We examine possible causes for the rate-size relation. Physically, such a relation for the core-collapse SNe is probably linked to the correlation between the specific star-formation rate and the galaxy sizes, but it is not clear whether the same link can be established for SNe Ia. We discuss the two-component ("tardy" and "prompt") model for SN Ia rates, and find that the SN Ia rates in young stellar populations might have a strong correlation with the core-collapse SN rates. We derive volumetric and Milky Way rates ... (abridged)
description: Minor revisions after the referee's report. MNRAS accepted (Paper III of a series). For high-res figures, latex sources, landscape tables, and online data, please visit http://astro.berkeley.edu/~weidong/rate/
Observation of the Decay B^{-} \rightarrow D_{s}^{(*)+} K^{-} \ell^{-} \barν_{\ell}
Creators: name: The BABAR Collaboration
name: Sanchez, P. del Amo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the observation of the decay $B^{-} \rightarrow D^{(*)+}_{s} K^{-} \ell^{-} \barν_{\ell}$ based on $342 \mathrm {\,fb}^{-1}}$ of data collected at the $\Y4S$ resonance with the BABAR detector at the PEP-II $e^{+}e^{-}$ storage rings at SLAC. A simultaneous fit to three $D^{+}_{s}$ decay chains is performed to extract the signal yield from measurements of the squared missing mass in the B meson decay. We observe the decay $B^{-} \rightarrow D^{(*)+}_{s} K^{-} \ell^{-} \barν_{\ell}$ with a significance greater than five standard deviations (including systematic uncertainties) and measure its branching fraction to be $\BR(B^{-} \rightarrow D^{(*)+}_{s} K^{-} \ell^{-} \barν_{\ell}) = [6.13^{+1.04}_{-1.03}(\mathrm{stat.})\pm0.43(\mathrm{syst.}) \pm 0.51(\BR(D_{s}))]\times10^{-4}$, where the last error reflects the limited knowledge of the $D_{s}$ branching fractions.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
Shallow Efimov tetramer as inelastic virtual state and resonant enhancement of the atom-trimer relaxation
Creators: name: Deltuva, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use exact four-boson scattering equations in the momentum-space framework to study the universal properties of shallow Efimov tetramers and their dependence on the two-boson scattering length. We demonstrate that, in contrast to previous predictions, the shallow tetramer in a particular experimentally unexplored regime is not an unstable bound state but an inelastic virtual state. This leads to a resonant behaviour of the atom-trimer scattering length and thereby to a resonant enhancement of the trimer relaxation in ultracold atom-trimer mixtures.
description: updated: 6 pages, 1 table, 6 figures
Understanding the wheel/rail transfer mechanism in liquid friction modifier carry-down
Creators: name: Hibbert, Morgan John Edwin
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: In the rail road industry liquid friction modifiers (LFM’s) are used on the top of rail (TOR) between the wheel/rail interface to reduce curve noise, lateral forces, rail wear and fuel consumption. The friction modifier may be applied to the rail via a track side applicator and is carried down by the train into curved sections of the track where the greatest benefit is seen. A custom laboratory scale machine was designed and built for the purpose of conducting experiments to study the behaviour of LFM carry-down over a large number of wheel/rail interactions. The machine was also designed so that the film transfer at the wheel/rail interaction location could be studied. The use of a fluorescent agent to enhance the ability to visualize LFM carry-down showed promising results, enabling small amounts of carry-down that couldn’t otherwise be seen under ambient light conditions to now be seen under fluorescence. Qualitative experiments using the machine were performed showing that an increase in the wheel speed results in an increase in the amount of friction modifier transferred from the rail to the wheel at the initial pickup location, thus increasing the carry-down. Increasing the applied load had the opposite effect and reduced the amount of friction modifier initially transferred from the rail to the wheel, and thus reducing the carry-down. The profile of the wheel was observed to effect the initial transfer amount and the ensuing carry-down due to high/low pressure zones along the wheel/rail interface.
Dvoretzky type theorems for multivariate polynomials and sections of convex bodies
Creators: name: Dol'nikov, V. L.
name: Karasev, R. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46B20, 05D10, 26C10, 52A21, 52A23, 55M35

description: In this paper we prove the Gromov--Milman conjecture (the Dvoretzky type theorem) for homogeneous polynomials on $\mathbb R^n$, and improve bounds on the number $n(d,k)$ in the analogous conjecture for odd degrees $d$ (this case is known as the Birch theorem) and complex polynomials. We also consider a stronger conjecture on the homogeneous polynomial fields in the canonical bundle over real and complex Grassmannians. This conjecture is much stronger and false in general, but it is proved in the cases of $d=2$ (for $k$'s of certain type), odd $d$, and the complex Grassmannian (for odd and even $d$ and any $k$). Corollaries for the John ellipsoid of projections or sections of a convex body are deduced from the case $d=2$ of the polynomial field conjecture.
Multi-messenger observations of neutron rich matter
Creators: name: Horowitz, C. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Neutron rich matter is central to many fundamental questions in nuclear physics and astrophysics. Moreover, this material is being studied with an extraordinary variety of new tools such as the Facility for Rare Isotope Beams (FRIB) and the Laser Interferometer Gravitational Wave Observatory (LIGO). We describe the Lead Radius Experiment (PREX) that uses parity violating electron scattering to measure the neutron radius in $^{208}$Pb. This has important implications for neutron stars and their crusts. We discuss X-ray observations of neutron star radii. These also have important implications for neutron rich matter. Gravitational waves (GW) open a new window on neutron rich matter. They come from sources such as neutron star mergers, rotating neutron star mountains, and collective r-mode oscillations. Using large scale molecular dynamics simulations, we find neutron star crust to be very strong. It can support mountains on rotating neutron stars large enough to generate detectable gravitational waves. Finally, neutrinos from core collapse supernovae (SN) provide another, qualitatively different probe of neutron rich matter. Neutrinos escape from the surface of last scattering known as the neutrino-sphere. This is a low density warm gas of neutron rich matter. Observations of neutrinos can probe nucleosyntheses in SN. Simulations of SN depend on the equation of state (EOS) of neutron rich matter. We discuss a new EOS based on virial and relativistic mean field calculations. We believe that combing astronomical observations using photos, GW, and neutrinos, with laboratory experiments on nuclei, heavy ion collisions, and radioactive beams will fundamentally advance our knowledge of compact objects in the heavens, the dense phases of QCD, the origin of the elements, and of neutron rich matter.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures, Added discussion of dipole polarizability, pygmy resonances, and neutron skins
Sportwissenschaftliches Lehr-Lern-Labor "School goes BioMotion"
Creators: name: Nagl, Johannes
name: Stockinger, Christian
name: Stein, Thorsten
name: Hoffmann, Marian
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2017
Subjects: Schülerlabor
Lehr-Lern-Labor
Biomechanik
MINT²KA

description: Einleitung: Zur Verbesserung der Qualität der Lehrerbildung werden im Rahmen des, durch das MWK Baden-Württemberg geförderte Verbundprojekt MINT2KA, bestehende Schüler- und Lehr-Lern-Labore (LLL) am Karlsruher Institut für Technologie und der Pädagogischen Hochschule Karlsruhe ausgebaut und weiterentwickelt. Teil dieses Projektes ist die Weiterentwicklung des LLLs von „School goes BioMotion“, das Schulklassen den Besuch von drei Laboreinrichtungen am Institut für Sport und Sportwissenschaft (KIT) ermöglicht. 
Organisation: In den ersten Einheiten des Hauptseminares „Theoriefelder der Naturwissenschaft“ werden den Studierenden fachdidaktische und forschungsspezifische Kenntnisse vermittelt und vorhandene Messsysteme vorgestellt. Die Studierenden erarbeiten im weiteren Verlauf ein Konzept für eine Lehr-Lern-Station (LLS). Dieses Konzept wird im Rahmen des Seminars erprobt, bevor es mit Schülerinnen und Schülern (SuS) durchgeführt wird. In einer abschließenden Einheit werden die Konzepte evaluiert und das eigene Lehrverhalten reflektiert. 
Stationen: Die im Seminar erarbeiteten LLS sind im Bereich der Biomechanik verortet. Als interdisziplinäres Fachgebiet finden verschiedene Methoden und Theorien anderer Wissenschaftsdisziplinen Beachtung - insbesondere die Physik (vgl. Schwameder et al., 2013, S. 125). Für die LLS wird der sportliche Kontext genutzt, um den SuS naturwissenschaftliche Inhalte zu vermitteln. Beispielsweise untersuchen die SuS in einer LLS die Möglichkeiten zur Optimierung der sportlichen Leistung im Radfahren. Mithilfe eines Fahrradergometers mit integriertem Pedalkraftmesssystem werden die auftretenden Kräfte während des Pedaltritts gemessen. Unter Berücksichtigung physikalischer Größen bei Kreisbewegungen leiten die SuS das Technikbild des „runden Tritts“ ab.
Using DMPonline to support a collaborative approach to data acquisition
Creators: name: Davidson, Joy
name: Horton, Laurence
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: data archives
data management plans
DMPonline

description: This poster was presented Alt+Shift+Archive: Unpacking the past, present and future of digital archive - an online digital archiving symposium between September 20th-28th, 2021. The poster aims to show how data management planning tools like DMPonline can help facilitate a collaborative approach to data acquisition between Archivists and potential data depositors.
description: {"references": ["DMPonline https://dmponline.dcc.ac.uk/", "Digital Curation Centre https://dcc.ac.uk/"]}
Nearby Supernova Rates from the Lick Observatory Supernova Search. II. The Observed Luminosity Functions and Fractions of Supernovae in a Complete Sample
Creators: name: Li, Weidong
name: Leaman, Jesse
name: Chornock, Ryan
name: Filippenko, Alexei V.
name: Poznanski, Dovi
name: Ganeshalingam, Mohan
name: Wang, Xiaofeng
name: Modjaz, Maryam
name: Jha, Saurabh
name: Foley, Ryan J.
name: Smith, Nathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This is the second paper of a series in which we present new measurements of the observed rates of supernovae (SNe) in the local Universe, determined from the Lick Observatory Supernova Search (LOSS). In this paper, a complete SN sample is constructed, and the observed (uncorrected for host-galaxy extinction) luminosity functions (LFs) of SNe are derived. These LFs solve two issues that have plagued previous rate calculations for nearby SNe: the luminosity distribution of SNe and the host-galaxy extinction. We select a volume-limited sample of 175 SNe, collect photometry for every object, and fit a family of light curves to constrain the peak magnitudes and light-curve shapes. The volume-limited LFs show that they are not well represented by a Gaussian distribution. There are notable differences in the LFs for galaxies of different Hubble types (especially for SNe Ia). We derive the observed fractions for the different subclasses in a complete SN sample, and find significant fractions of SNe II-L (10%), IIb (12%), and IIn (9%) in the SN II sample. Furthermore, we derive the LFs and the observed fractions of different SN subclasses in a magnitude-limited survey with different observation intervals, and find that the LFs are enhanced at the high-luminosity end and appear more "standard" with smaller scatter, and that the LFs and fractions of SNe do not change significantly when the observation interval is shorter than 10 days. We also discuss the LFs in different galaxy sizes and inclinations, and for different SN subclasses. Some notable results are ... (abridged).
description: Minor revisions after the referee's report. MNRAS accepted (Paper II of a series). For high-res figures, latex source, landscape tables, and online data, please visit http://astro.berkeley.edu/~weidong/rate/
Nonlinear Gaussian Filtering : Theory, Algorithms, and Applications
Creators: name: Huber, Marco
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2015
Subjects: Bayes'sche Statistik
Zustandsschätzung
Kalman-Filter
Gaußprozesse
Bayesian statistics
state estimation
filtering
Kalman filter
Gaussian processes

description: By restricting to Gaussian distributions, the optimal Bayesian filtering problem can be transformed into an algebraically simple form, which allows for computationally efficient algorithms. Three problem settings are discussed in this thesis: (1) filtering with Gaussians only, (2) Gaussian mixture filtering for strong nonlinearities, (3) Gaussian process filtering for purely data-driven scenarios. For each setting, efficient algorithms are derived and applied to real-world problems.
Parameters Affecting Phosphate Sorption from Sludge Liquors by Hybrid Anion Sorbents
Creators: name: Tang, Yinan
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2015

description: A two-phase technology, comprising sorption and electrodialysis for P-recovery, is examined. The sorption of phosphate ions is a critical step for the overall system. A hybrid anion sorption called LayneRT is used to eliminate phosphate ions from sludge liquors. The objectives of the study are: characterization of P-sorbents under batch experiments; investigation of P-sorption mechanisms; analysis and fractionation of sludge liquors; evaluation of continuous performance with fixed-bed column.
Wet and Dry Anaerobic Digestion of Biowaste and of Co-substrates
Creators: name: Li, Chaoran
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2015
Subjects: Municipal biowaste
Dry anaerobic digestion
Co-digestion

description: Treatment of municipal solid waste by anaerobic digestion can solve the environmental problems caused by this organic solid waste and also supply biogas as renewable energy for a sustainable development. In this study the improvement of wet anaerobic digestion by addition of co-substrates and the effect of moisture on dry anaerobic digestion were investigated.
Hybrid event - example risk register
Creators: name: Digital Curation Centre
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Hybrid events
Risk register
Event management

description: This is an example of a risk register for a hybrid event created as part of the Digital Curation Centre's preparation for a hybrid RDA Plenary and made available as part of the "Planning hybrid events" guide. You can adjust this based on your local situation and planning preparations.
description: A GoogleSheets version that you can copy is available at https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1aqZz9v5epLEMx0k0j68860uaVJbsWnzD/edit?usp=sharing&ouid=116354694668563578712&rtpof=true&sd=true
Beurteilung von Ausbaumaßnahmen in Kläranlagen zur Verringerung der Ausbreitung von fakultativ pathogenen Antibiotika-resistenten Keimen in Oberflächengewässern
Creators: name: Heß, Stefanie
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2015

description: Antibiotic resistance is one of the most serious health threats of the 21th century. Whereas resistance levels are permanently surveyed in hospital, little is known about the fate and the behavior of antibiotic resistant bacteria living in aquatic environments. The present thesis addresses the resistance levels in fecal contaminated surface waters and evaluates advanced sewage treatment technologies concerning their elimination of facultative pathogenic and antibiotic resistant bacteria.
Szenenabhängige Online-Adaption von Manipulationssequenzen für einen Serviceroboter
Creators: name: Rühl, Steffen Wilhelm
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2015
Subjects: Service Robotik
Manipulation
Symbolische Planung

description: Um in alltäglichen Umgebungen agieren zu können, muss ein Serviceroboter in der Lage sein, seine Handlung zielgerichtet an neue Szenen anzupassen. In dieser Arbeit werden dazu Handlungspläne zur Manipulation durch symbolische Planung erzeugt. Damit diese konsistent mit der realen Umgebung sind, wird aufgrund von sensorischer Wahrnehmung ein symbolisches Modell der Umgebung erzeugt. Dieses erlaubt es dem Roboter, die Effekte einer Aktion, bzw. Aktionsfolge auf seine Umwelt vorherzusagen.
Conductance and persistent current in quasi-one-dimensional systems with grain boundaries: Effects of the strongly reflecting and columnar grains
Creators: name: Feilhauer, J.
name: Mosko, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study mesoscopic transport in the Q1D wires and rings made of a 2D conductor of width W and length L >> W. Our aim is to compare an impurity-free conductor with grain boundaries with a grain-free conductor with impurity disorder. A single grain boundary is modeled as a set of the 2D-$δ$-function-like barriers positioned equidistantly on a straight line and disorder is emulated by a large number of such straight lines, intersecting the conductor with random orientation in random positions. The impurity disorder is modeled by the 2D $δ$-barriers with the randomly chosen positions and signs. The electron transmission through the wires is calculated by the scattering-matrix method, and the Landauer conductance is obtained. We calculate the persistent current in the rings threaded by magnetic flux: We incorporate into the scattering-matrix method the flux-dependent cyclic boundary conditions and we introduce a trick allowing to study the persistent currents in rings of almost realistic size. We mainly focus on the numerical results for L much larger than the electron mean-free path, when the transport is diffusive. If the grain boundaries are weakly reflecting, the systems with grain boundaries show the same (mean) conductance and the same (typical) persistent current as the systems with impurities, and the results also agree with the single-particle theories treating disorder as a white-noise-like potential. If the grain boundaries are strongly reflecting, the typical persistent currents can be about three times larger than the results of the white-noise-based theory, thus resembling the experimental results of Jariwala et al. (PRL 2001). We extend our study to the 3D conductors with columnar grains. We find that the persistent current exceeds the white-noise-based result by another one order of magnitude, similarly as in the experiment of Chandrasekhar et al. (PRL 1991).
Ein wissensbasiertes Framework zur flexiblen Konfiguration von AAL-Umgebungen
Creators: name: Zentek, Tom
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2015
Subjects: Semantik
wissensbasiertes Framework
Konfiguration
AAL

description: Die Herausforderung in Ambient Assisted Living (AAL) ist es, die vielen heterogenen Komponenten in der AAL-Umgebung geeignet zu arrangieren, um auf die individuellen, schnell wechselnden Bedürfnisse der Nutzer einzugehen. Die Lösung ist ein semantisches Konfigurationsframework. Dieses Framework beinhaltet geeignete Prozesse, Werkzeuge sowie einen ontologiebasierten Austausch, Wiederverwendung und Automatisierung der Informationen zwischen den einzelnen Integrationsschritten.
Radion and Higgs masses in gauge-Higgs unification
Creators: name: Sakamura, Yutaka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We evaluate the radion and Higgs masses in the gauge-Higgs unification models on the warped geometry, in which the modulus is stabilized by the Casimir energy. We analyze the one-loop effective potential and clarify the dependences of those masses on the Wilson line phase $θ_H$. The radion mass varies 1-30GeV for $0.06\leq\sinθ_H\leq 0.3$, while the Higgs mass is 150-200 GeV and depends on $θ_H$ only logarithmically. The radion couplings to the standard model particles are sensitive to the warp factor, and are too small to detect at colliders in the region where the five-dimensional description is valid.
description: 20 pages, 3 figures; text modified, references added
GRBs on probation: testing the UHE CR paradigm with IceCube
Creators: name: Ahlers, M.
name: Gonzalez-Garcia, M. C.
name: Halzen, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gamma ray burst (GRB) fireballs provide one of very few astrophysical environments where one can contemplate the acceleration of cosmic rays to energies that exceed 10^20 eV. The assumption that GRBs are the sources of the observed cosmic rays generates a calculable flux of neutrinos produced when the protons interact with fireball photons. With data taken during construction IceCube has already reached a sensitivity to observe neutrinos produced in temporal coincidence with individual GRBs provided that they are the sources of the observed extragalactic cosmic rays. We here point out that the GRB origin of cosmic rays is also challenged by the IceCube upper limit on a possible diffuse flux of cosmic neutrinos which should not be exceeded by the flux produced by all GRB over Hubble time. Our alternative approach has the advantage of directly relating the diffuse flux produced by all GRBs to measurements of the cosmic ray flux. It also generates both the neutrino flux produced by the sources and the associated cosmogenic neutrino flux in a synergetic way.
description: 12 pages, 3 figures, matches version published in Astroparticle Physics
Variabilität von Wasserdampf in der unteren und mittleren Stratosphäre auf der Basis von HALOE/UARS und MIPAS/Envisat Beobachtungen
Creators: name: Schieferdecker, Tobias
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2015
Subjects: Wasserdampf
Regression
Sonnenfleckenzyklus
Stratosphäre

description: Diese Arbeit umfasst Regressionsanalysen eines globalen H2O-Datensatzes, bestehend aus kombinierten Messungen zweier Satelliteninstrumente. Die modellierten Daten konnten mit den gewählten beschreibenden Variablen den Verlauf der Messdaten oft gut reproduzieren. Das Problem der Modellierung der starken, rapiden Abnahme von H2O in der Stratosphäre ~2001 konnte durch Hinzunahme einer Repräsentation des elfjährigen Sonnenfleckenzyklus in das Regressionsmodell nur teilweise gelöst werden.
Ensemble equivalence for general many-body systems
Creators: name: Touchette, Hugo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has been proved for a class of mean-field and long-range systems that the concavity of the thermodynamic entropy determines whether the microcanonical and canonical ensembles are equivalent at the level of their equilibrium states, i.e., whether they give rise to the same equilibrium states. Here we show that this correspondence is actually a general result of statistical mechanics: it holds for any many-body system for which equilibrium states can be defined and in principle calculated. The same correspondence applies for other dual statistical ensembles, such as the canonical and grand-canonical ensembles.
description: v1: 5 pages, 1 figure; v2: minor corrections, references updated; v3: minor corrections, close to version published in EPL
Computing the bounded subcomplex of an unbounded polyhedron
Creators: name: Herrmann, Sven
name: Joswig, Michael
name: Pfetsch, Marc E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 52B55

description: We study efficient combinatorial algorithms to produce the Hasse diagram of the poset of bounded faces of an unbounded polyhedron, given vertex-facet incidences. We also discuss the special case of simple polyhedra and present computational results.
description: 16 pages
Monte Carlo study of dynamic phase transition in Ising metamagnet driven by oscillating magnetic field
Creators: name: Acharyya, Muktish
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dynamical responses of Ising metamagnet (layered antiferromagnet) in the presence of a sinusoidally oscillating magnetic field are studied by Monte Carlo simulation. The time average staggered magnetisation plays the role of dynamic order parameter. A dynamical phase transition was observed and a phase diagram was plotted in the plane formed by field amplitude and temperature. The dynamical phase boundary is observed to shrink inward as the relative antiferromagnetic strength decreases. The results are compared with that obtained from pure ferromagnetic system. The shape of dynamic phase boundary observed to be qualitatively similar to that obtained from previous meanfield calculations.
description: 12 pages latex, PC-12-2010, To appear in J. Mag. Mag. Mat. (2011)
Superconducting quantum oscillations and anomalous negative magnetoresistance in a honeycomb nanopatterned oxide interface superconductor
Creators: name: Wang, Yishuai
name: Hong, Siyuan
name: Pan, Wenze
name: Zhou, Yi
name: Xie, Yanwu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The extremely low superfluid density and unprecedented tunability of oxide interface superconductors provide an ideal platform for studying fluctuations in two-dimensional superconductors. In this work, we have fabricated a LaAlO3/KTaO3 interface superconductor patterned with a nanohoneycomb array of insulating islands. Little-Parks-like magnetoresistance oscillations have been observed, which are dictated by the superconducting flux quantum h/2e. Moreover, an anomalous negative magnetoresistance (ANMR) appears under a weak magnetic field, suggesting magnetic-field-enhanced superconductivity. By examining their dependences on temperature, measurement current, and electrical gating, we conclude that both phenomena are associated with superconducting order parameter: The h/2e oscillations provide direct evidence of Cooper pair transport; the ANMR is interpreted as a consequence of multiple connected narrow superconducting paths with strong fluctuations.
Mass-radius relation of Newtonian self-gravitating Bose-Einstein condensates with short-range interactions: I. Analytical results
Creators: name: Chavanis, Pierre-Henri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide an approximate analytical expression of the mass-radius relation of a Newtonian self-gravitating Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) with short-range interactions described by the Gross-Pitaevskii-Poisson system. These equations model astrophysical objects such as boson stars and, presumably, dark matter galactic halos. Our study connects the non-interacting case studied by Ruffini & Bonazzola (1969) to the Thomas-Fermi limit studied by Böhmer & Harko (2007). For repulsive short-range interactions (positive scattering lengths), there exists configurations of arbitrary mass but their radius is always larger than a minimum value. For attractive short-range interactions (negative scattering lengths), equilibrium configurations only exist below a maximum mass. Above that mass, the system is expected to collapse and form a black hole. We also study the radius versus scattering length relation for a given mass. We find that stable configurations only exist above a (negative) minimum scattering length. Our approximate analytical solution, based on a Gaussian ansatz, provides a very good agreement with the exact solution obtained by numerically solving a nonlinear differential equation representing hydrostatic equilibrium. Our treatment is, however, easier to handle and permits to study the stability problem, and derive an analytical expression of the pulsation period, by developing an analogy with a simple mechanical problem.
A Global Perspective on Data Journalism Materiality: Knowledge Production across Public Transparency Infrastructure Environments
Creators: name: Camaj, Lindita
name: Lanosga, Gerry
name: Martin, Jason
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Science Policy

description: It is widely accepted that data materiality serves as the breeding ground of data journalism’s performativity, in some cases functioning as the sole ingredient for news construction. Material identity is closely tied to the historical process that originated it, yet few studies have explored how unequal public policies on government transparency affect news production in data journalism. We bring in a fresh perspective on materiality that taps into research on public transparency to offer a framework for understanding how external social actors influence data knowledge construction. This study analyzed data journalism project entries in the Global Editors Network (GEN) and Sigma Awards from 61 countries to explore data journalism process and products across transparency environments. Results suggest that journalists operating in open data infrastructure are more likely to exhibit a dependency on preprocessed public data and their output exhibits topical diversity, while journalists operating in closed data infrastructures are more likely to use Right to Information legislation and alternative data sources. This study informs the debate on the empiricism of data journalism in knowledge construction, emphasizing how data access (or lack of access) affects not only journalistic epistemology but also power relationships and journalistic roles.
Violencia y destrucción ecológica en tres recientes narrativas gráficas colombianas
Creators: name: Swanson, Ross Kent
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: The recent Colombian comics and graphic novels Benkoz renace by Jean Paul Zapata, Los guerreros de Pachamama by Tairon Ernesto Cutiva Amaya, and Mohán: el mito by Inu Waters address themes of violence (especially forced displacement) and ecological destruction related to the Colombian armed conflict. These works are part of a recent surge in comic book production that Suárez and Uribe-Jongbloed have pointed out. With an ecocritical approach, the first chapter examines the relationship between physical and symbolic violence and ecological destruction in these works related to the Colombian armed conflict which continues after more than 52 years despite the recent peace treaty with the FARC guerrilla (Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia – Colombian Revolutionary Armed Forces). While paramilitary groups, guerillas, and economic interests are represented as victimizers of “nature” (or the non-human world) and minorities (campesinos, Afro-Colombians, and indigenous people), in Los guerreros de Pachamama, “nature” is personified and seeks revenge against these victimizing forces. The second chapter explores the use of mythical elements in the narratives with respect to history, emphasizing how they highlight the repetition of violence and ecological destruction in different historical periods while also recognizing their decolonial potential. Finally, with theoretical reference to Val Plumwood and Arturo Escobar, the last chapter explores “hybrid characters” that combine human and non-human aspects in these narratives that work to present the latter as subjects and agents. I argue that these characters break with the Western dualism between humanity and nature, encouraging new ways of understanding humanity’s relationship with the planet. I conclude that the works examined in this thesis portray the violence of the Colombian armed conflict in a way that recognizes its effects not only on human beings but also on the non-human world. Through mythical elements, it is viewed as a repetition and an intensification of the patterns of the past. Hybrid characters contribute to an understanding of humanity and nature not as separate and hierarchically organized categories but as interdependent worlds that are both endowed with agency.