cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Integrated Dual Filter framework for forest management planning : a case study in the southwest Yukon
Creators: name: Waeber, Patrick O.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2013

description: Forest management planning is increasingly difficult due to the growing numbers of values and interests associated with forests, with climatic and socio-economic change adding further complexity. Forest planning hence can be described as a wicked problem. It cannot be tamed by linear deterministic approaches, but rather requires a more holistic approach. This study illustrated the development and testing of a planning and decision-support framework, the Integrated Dual Filter (IDF), for forest management. The IDF consists of two Filters, an Environmental and a Social Filter, and three States: Environmental representing the no-management landscape that can be used in planning as a ‗natural baseline‘ for the Desired State (an engineered landscape); the Management State represents a managed landscape to explore tactical aspects of planning and assess the feasibility of the Desired State. The IDF was tested using empirical data from the Champagne and Aishihik Traditional Territory (CATT), southwest Yukon. The CATT has recently experienced a spruce bark beetle outbreak affecting over 85% of its forests. The governance response was the development of the Strategic Forest Management Plan (SFMP). The SFMP was the starting point for the IDF-Social Filter to extract important values during working group meetings in the Yukon, deploying a ratings table to develop, judge and rank a hierarchy of criteria and sub-features for the Analytic Hierarchy Process. This resulted in five alternative forest management strategies for the long-term: manage forests for the timber industry; for multiple values and use; for fire risk reduction; for wildlife; and for the carbon industry. The IDF-Environmental Filter revealed that white spruce will still dominate the landscape after 200 years; that fire will remain an important disturbance to maintain a heterogeneous landscape; and that climate change will likely have no direct effect on tree species in the overall landscape but will be important at the site level. The conceptual simplicity of the IDF makes it a valuable decision-making support system to identify system properties, constraints and concerns (by using the Filters) in order to simulate and project the planning landscape (using the States) into the future. It allows an extension of the existing planning horizon from 20 years for the CATT SFMP to >100 years; this will better inform management, especially under consideration of climate change.
Zeros of analytic functions, with or without multiplicities
Creators: name: Dyakonov, Konstantin M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 30D50, 30D55, 11D41

description: The classical Mason-Stothers theorem deals with nontrivial polynomial solutions to the equation $a+b=c$. It provides a lower bound on the number of distinct zeros of the polynomial $abc$ in terms of the degrees of $a$, $b$ and $c$. We extend this to general analytic functions living on a reasonable bounded domain $Ω\subset\mathbb C$, rather than on the whole of $\mathbb C$. The estimates obtained are sharp, for any $Ω$, and a generalization of the original result on polynomials can be recovered from them by a limiting argument.
description: This is a retitled and slightly revised version of my paper arXiv:1004.3591
title: Exploring the Relationship Between Electroconvulsive Therapy and Reward Processing in Major Depressive Disorder
Creators: name: Bruno, Nicolina Lidia
Publisher: name: IMT Alti Studi Lucca
Year: 2023

description: Depression affects over ten percent of the population worldwide, with a huge toll for patients, their families, and the whole society. Around one third of patients with depression does not respond satisfactorily or at all to either pharmacological or psychological therapy. Electro- convulsive therapy (ECT) is an established treatment for severe mental illnesses, in particular treatment-resistant depression, a leading contributor to global disease. Despite its proven effectiveness in treating depression, the underlying mechanisms of ECT are not yet fully understood. This thesis examines the potential differences between patients who respond positively to electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) and those who do not, providing novel insights into their relationship with the reward processing in the brain. While this thesis expands our knowledge of ECT effect in the treatment of depression, it is important to acknowledge that the study comes with at least two major limitations. (i) The small sample size may impact on the statistical power of the study; (ii) the computer task used to assess the reward processing may not be sensitive to detect subtle differences between groups or changes over time. It is possible that other measures will provide a more comprehensive assessment of reward functions in future evaluations. Future research with larger samples and more sensitive measures could build upon these findings and further advance our understanding of the mechanisms underlying ECT and treatment response in depression.
Additional file 2 of Depletion of Toxoplasma adenine nucleotide translocator leads to defects in mitochondrial morphology
Creators: name: Wu, Yihan
name: Ying, Zhu
name: Liu, Jing
name: Sun, Zhepeng
name: Li, Shuang
name: Liu, Qun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2: Figure S1. a protein sequence alignment of TgANT using MEGA7 from Toxoplasma gondii, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Plasmodium falciparum, Cyclospora cayetanensis, Arabidopsis thaliana, Cardiosporidium cionae, Homo sapiens and other species. b Prediction results of TMHMM Server v.2.0 showed that TgANT has four transmembrane domains.
Speocera bontoc Li & Li 2019, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Tong, Yanfeng
name: Li, Fengyuan
name: Song, Yang
name: Chen, Haifeng
name: Li, Shuqiang
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Ochyroceratidae
Speocera
Speocera bontoc

description: Speocera bontoc Li & Li sp. nov. (Figs 13, 58C) Material examined. Holotype ♀ (IZCAS), Philippines, Luzon Island, Mountain Province, Bontoc Town, road to Banawe Town. Rainforest along the road, in the litter. (16º58.242′N, 121º1.505′E), elev. 1873 m, 22.V.2015, leg. F. Ballarin & Y. Li. Etymology. The specific name is derived from the type locality; noun. Diagnosis. The new species is similar to S. suratthaniensis Deeleman-Reinhold, 1995 but can be distinguished by the large, oval spermathecae and the distinct bending of the tip of the afferent spermathecae (Figs 13A–B). S. suratthaniensis females have small, oval spermathecae and a straight tip of the afferent spermathecae (Deeleman-Reinhold, 1995: figs 293– 294). Description. Female. Total length 1.06; carapace length 0.51; carapace width 0.42; abdomen length 0.56; abdomen width 0.43. Prosoma: carapace pyriform, narrowing gradually anteriorly; shiny, light yellow, suffused with purplish pattern (Fig. 13C); pars cephalica flat; fovea not visible. Sternum light yellow, suffused with purplish color, as long as wide (Fig. 13D). Endites light yellow suffused with purplish tinge; with serrula; labium light yellow suffused with purplish tinge. Clypeus nearly vertical; short. Chelicerae light yellow; promargin with a series of six teeth reaching the lamina; retromargin with two very small denticles (Fig. 58C). Eyes: six contiguous eyes surrounded by black pigmentation; PME and ALE subequal, PLE largest (Fig. 13C). Opisthosoma oval; purplish (Fig. 13D). Legs missing. Genitalia. Internal genitalia with afferent spermathecae long, straight, not extending past the sides of the abdomen, distally with a distinct bend (Fig. 13B); spermathecae large, oval (Fig. 13A). Male. Unknown. Distribution. Known only from the type locality.
description: Published as part of Tong, Yanfeng, Li, Fengyuan, Song, Yang, Chen, Haifeng & Li, Shuqiang, 2019, Thirty-two new species of the genus Speocera Berland, 1914 (Araneae: Ochyroceratidae) from China, Madagascar and Southeast Asia, pp. 1-75 in Zoological Systematics 44 (1) on page 17, DOI: 10.11865/zs.201901, http://zenodo.org/record/5366923
Thermodynamical Properties and Quasi-localized Energy of the Stringy Dyonic Black Hole Solution
Creators: name: Yang, I-Ching
name: Chen, Bai-An
name: Tsai, Chung-Chin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article, we calculate the heat flux passing through the horizon $. {\bf TS}|_{r_h}$ and the difference of energy between the Einstein and Møller prescription within the region ${\cal M}$, in which is the region between outer horizon ${\cal H}_+$ and inner horizon ${\cal H}_-$, for the modified GHS solution, KLOPP solution and CLH solution. The formula . E_{\rm Einstein}|_{\cal M} = . E_{\rm Møller}|_{\cal M} - \sum_{\partial {\cal M}} {\bf TS}$ is obeyed for the mGHS solution and the KLOPP solution, but not for the CLH solution. Also, we suggest a RN-like stringy dyonic black hole solution, which comes from the KLOPP solution under a dual transformation, and its thermodynamical properties are the same as the KLOPP solution.
Emergency Remote Teaching and Digital Technology Usage in K-12 Teacher Practice
Creators: name: Hartwell, Amber Danielle
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: educational technology
subject: technology and change
subject: teaching methods
subject: ERT
subject: emergency remote teaching
subject: pandemic
subject: pandemic pedagogy
subject: K-12
subject: Education

description: Digital technologies are being used more in K-12 classrooms than prior to the COVID-19 pandemic. In efforts to slow virus spread, many government authorities worldwide forced schools to close in March 2020. In response, many school jurisdictions transitioned to emergency remote teaching (ERT). As schools re-opened, confirmed virus cases required government-mandated isolation periods, and schools pivoted classes to ERT. Commonly, ERT required the use of video conferencing software, learner management systems, and cloud-based tools. Not all teachers and students were familiar with these, but used them out of necessity. Research on ERT’s influence on digital technology usage in education is limited. This case study research explored the impact of ERT occurring between March 2020 and September 2022 on digital technology usage in current K-12 teacher practice. Data were collected from K-12 teachers through an online questionnaire, semi structured interviews, a document review, and analytic memos. Analysis and interpretation of findings were organized by using Cultural Historical Activity Theory (CHAT). Research revealed most technology added for ERT remained, with some becoming common in teacher practice. Teachers’ digital technology ability and skill strengthened, and when a benefit to student learning or their overall practice was perceived, they were more likely to continue its use. Teachers also perceived growth in student communication and collaboration skills. Findings highlighted a potential misalignment between physical access to technology and the activity systems of teachers and school districts. Teachers wanted to use technology more, but felt limited. Additionally, findings indicated digital access barriers experienced by students have begun to influence teacher decision-making processes. Three themes emerged from data: (a) K-12 teachers use digital technology and digital pedagogy in their practice, (b) drivers of digital technology change, and (c) benefits and challenges emerging from ERT during COIVD-19. The case study concludes offering recommendations for education leaders, researcher, and policy makers. This research contributes to theory, methodology, and practice by using CHAT to explore factors motivating change in technology integration among teachers. It identifies the impact of ERT on K-12 teacher practice and reveals a new dimension to the digital divide in K-12 education.
Exploring the Mechanism of Action of the Ketogenic Diet as a Therapeutic Intervention for medically refractory Infantile Spasms
Creators: name: Choudhary, Anamika
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Infantile Spasms
subject: West Syndrome
subject: Ketogenic Diet
subject: High Fat Diet
subject: Intracerebral Acidosis
subject: Brain pH
subject: Respiration
subject: Neuroscience

description: Objective: Infantile Spasms (IS) are a developmental, epileptic encephalopathy syndrome of infancy. It is characterized by epileptic spasms and a severe electroencephalogram abnormality, known as hypsarrhythmia, that can result in neurodevelopmental regression. Current anti-epileptic drugs are often deemed ineffective and can carry significant toxic side effects. The ketogenic diet (KD) is an alternative treatment for patients with drug resistant epilepsy, though its prospective validity and mechanism of action for IS remains unexplored. Methods: KD’s efficacy and mechanism of action was investigated using the triple-hit model of intractable IS. The spasms were induced using the triple-hit paradigm at P4 and the rat pups were then artificially reared and put on either the KD (4:1 fats:carbohydrate + protein) or a control-milk diet (CM; 1.7:1). Their behaviours were video-EEG recorded continuously from P4-12 for epileptic spasms and EEG analysis. Blood and urine ketones were collected at P4, P7 and P12. 31-phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy (31P MRS), head-out plethysmography, and mitochondrial respirometry was also conducted to examine the KD’s mechanism of action. Results: The KD resulted in a ketosis observed both in the blood and urine. The KD led to a robust reduction in the spasm frequency, with approximately a 1.5-fold increase in the rate of survival. The KD resulted in an intracerebral acidosis as measured with 31P MRS. The respiratory profile of the KD-lesioned rats was significantly altered with slower, deeper, and longer breathing, resulting in decreased levels of expired CO2. Sodium bicarbonate supplementation, acting as a pH buffer, partially reversed the KD’s protective effects on spasm frequency. There was no effect of the diet on mitochondrial respiratory profiles measured in the liver and brain frontal cortex. Together, our results indicate that the KD produces its anticonvulsant effects through changes in respiration leading to intracerebral acidosis. Conclusion: These findings provide a novel understanding of the mechanisms underlying the anti-seizure effects of the KD in IS. Further research is required to determine whether the effects of the KD on breathing and intracerebral acid-base balance are seen in other pediatric models of epilepsy.
Theory of attosecond delays in laser-assisted photoionization
Creators: name: Dahlström, J. M.
name: Guénot, D.
name: Klünder, K.
name: Gisselbrecht, M.
name: Mauritsson, J.
name: L'Huillier, A.
name: Maquet, A.
name: Taïeb, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the temporal aspects of laser-assisted extreme ultraviolet (XUV) photoionization using attosecond pulses of harmonic radiation. The aim of this paper is to establish the general form of the phase of the relevant transition amplitudes and to make the connection with the time-delays that have been recently measured in experiments. We find that the overall phase contains two distinct types of contributions: one is expressed in terms of the phase-shifts of the photoelectron continuum wavefunction while the other is linked to continuum--continuum transitions induced by the infrared (IR) laser probe. Our formalism applies to both kinds of measurements reported so far, namely the ones using attosecond pulse trains of XUV harmonics and the others based on the use of isolated attosecond pulses (streaking). The connection between the phases and the time-delays is established with the help of finite difference approximations to the energy derivatives of the phases. This makes clear that the observed time-delays is a sum of two components: a one-photon Wigner-like delay and an universal delay that originates from the probing process itself.
description: 15 pages, 10 figures, special issue 'Attosecond spectroscopy' Chem. Phys
Additional file 3 of Development and validation of a novel online calculator for estimating survival benefit of adjuvant transcatheter arterial chemoembolization in patients undergoing surgery for hepatocellular carcinoma
Creators: name: Liang, Lei
name: Li, Chao
name: Wang, Ming-Da
name: Wang, Hong
name: Zhou, Ya-Hao
name: Zeng, Yong-Yi
name: Zhang, Wan-Guang
name: Chen, Ting-Hao
name: Wang, Nan-Ya
name: Li, Jie
name: Zhang, Yao-Ming
name: Wang, Yu
name: Gu, Wei-Min
name: Xing, Hao
name: Diao, Yong-Kang
name: Lau, Wan Yee
name: Zhang, Cheng-Wu
name: Pawlik, Timothy M.
name: Shen, Feng
name: Huang, Dong-Sheng
name: Yang, Tian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2: Figure S2. (A) Kaplan-Meier curves of overall survival between patients in the development and validation cohorts (log-rank test, P = 0.594); (B) Kaplan-Meier curves of overall survival between patients with and without adjuvant TACE in the developing cohort (log-rank test, P < 0.001); and (C) Kaplan-Meier curves of overall survival between patients with and without adjuvant TACE in the validation cohort (log-rank test, P < 0.001). Number of patients at risk and censoring were list in the box at the bottom of each plot.
Wastewater-Based Surveillance of Antimicrobial Resistance Genes in Hospitals
Creators: name: Au, Emily
Publisher: name: Cumming School of Medicine
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Antimicrobial resistance
subject: Wastewater
subject: Hospital surveillance
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Background: Antimicrobial resistance poses a significant threat to public health and healthcare-associated infections with antimicrobial-resistant organisms contribute to increased patient morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. We adapted wastewater-based surveillance (WBS) as a novel tool to quantify and longitudinally monitor the abundance of antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) comprehensively and inclusively in tertiary care hospitals. Methods: Wastewater was collected weekly from March 2022 to March 2023 from four Calgary hospitals: RGH (615 beds), PLC (517 beds), FMC (1100 beds), and ACH (141 beds). A Calgary wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) served as a community control (population ~1 million). DNA extracted from wastewater pellets was used to detect the following ARGs with qPCR: Clostridioides difficile (C. difficile 16S rRNA, tcdA, tcdB), vancomycin-resistant enterococci (vanA, vanB), and Gram-negative ARGs (blaNDM-like, blaVIM-like, mcr-like). ARG copy numbers were assessed as raw (copies/ mL of wastewater processed) and normalized with three fecal biomarkers (total bacterial 16S rRNA, Bacteroides HF183 16S rRNA, human 18S rRNA). Mann-Whitney comparisons were determined with GraphPad Prism (v9.0). Results: Across one year, all ARGS were detected in hospital and community wastewater with qPCR. Mean abundances of C. difficile 16S rRNA, tcdA, and tcdB normalized with bacterial 16S rRNA were respectively 1.5- to 62-, 1.4- to 6-, and 1- to 344-times greater in hospitals than the WWTP, but only significantly in RGH, PLC, and FMC (p<0.05). Mean 16S-normalized abundances of vanA and vanB were respectively 26- to 2953- and 1.7- 108-times higher in RGH, PLC, and FMC relative to the WWTP (p<0.0001). Mean 16S-normalized abundance of blaNDM-like was 8- to 184-times greater in all hospitals (p<0.01) and blaVIM-like was 2- to 95-times greater in PLC and FMC than the WWTP (p<0.0001). mcr-like resistance was only occasionally detected at low levels in hospitals and was considered non-significant. Conclusion: WBS is a novel tool that can be used in real time to monitor ARGs across a range of scales with the potential to augment antimicrobial stewardship and infection control programs and elucidate potential contributing factors of ARG selection and colonization.
Establishing the functional role of ORMDL3 in innate immunity
Creators: name: Hsu, Karolynn Jo
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: Asthma and allergic diseases are rapidly becoming the most common chronic diseases in the developed world. Nearly 1 in 3 Canadians suffer from some form of allergy and more than 300 million individuals in the developed world suffer from asthma. These complex disorders are caused by the interaction of various genetic and environmental factors. Genome-wide association studies have been widely used to identify genes associated with asthma susceptibility. The gene, ORMDL3, was shown to be associated with early-onset asthma. Asthmatic patients have elevated expression levels of this gene. The gene encodes a transmembrane protein localized in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) that may be involved in ER stress and inflammation. Its functional role in asthma pathogenesis, however, has yet to be elucidated. In this research, we investigated the functional role of ORMDL3 in innate immunity. Experimentally, ORMDL3 expression levels were manipulated in vitro in airway cells using overexpression plasmid and siRNA technologies. The effects of ORMDL3 expression levels on inflammatory responses were then explored. After manipulation of ORMDL3 expression levels, cells were stimulated with various immune response-inducing factors. Supernatants collected after stimulation were analyzed and no differences in proinflammatory cytokine production were observed. These results suggest that variation in ORMDL3 expression levels does not affect innate immune production of IL-6 and IL-8 in airway cells. ORMDL3 knockdown also did not affect expression of other immune-related genes.
Kerr-Newman Solutions with Analytic Singularity and no Closed Timelike Curves
Creators: name: Stoica, Ovidiu-Cristinel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: It is shown that the Kerr-Newman solution, representing charged and rotating stationary black holes, admits analytic extension at the singularity. This extension is obtained by using new coordinates, in which the metric tensor becomes smooth on the singularity ring. On the singularity, the metric is degenerale - its determinant cancels. The analytic extension can be naturally chosen so that the region with negative r no longer exists, eliminating by this the closed timelike curves normally present in the Kerr and Kerr-Newman solutions. On the extension proposed here the electromagnetic potential is smooth, being thus able to provide non-singular models of charged spinning particles. The maximal analytic extension of this solution can be restrained to a globally hyperbolic region containing the exterior universe, having the same topology as the Minkowski spacetime. This admits a spacelike foliation in Cauchy hypersurfaces, on which the information contained in the initial data is preserved.
A Tentative Grammar Statement of the Olo Language
Creators: name: McGregor, A. (Ed.)
Publisher: name: Pacific Linguistics
Year: 1982

description: A TENTATIVE GRAMMAR STATEMENT OF THE OLO LANGUAGE. 15Morphophonemics 15Grammar Introduction 22CHAPTER 1 Exclamations, Names and Titles and Simple Commands 22CHAPTER 2 The Intransitive Statement (with Subject Pronoun) 24CHAPTER 3 The Intransitive Statement (with Subject Noun) 28CHAPTER 4 The Intransitive Statement (with or without Subject Noun or Pronoun) plus Prepositional Marker and Direct Object Pronoun 34CHAPTER 5 The Intransitive Class B Verb Expression and the Simple Possessive Object Pronoun 37CHAPTER 6 Transitive Class A Verb Expression and Direct Object Noun or Pronoun (optional) with or without Subject Noun or Pronoun 38CHAPTER 7 Transitive Class A Verb Expression plus Qualifying Noun and the Possessive Pronoun 41CHAPTER 8 Transitive Class B Verb Expression (with or without Subject Noun or Pronoun) plus Object Noun or Pronoun 43CHAPTER 9 Transitive Class B.1. and 2. Verb Expression plus the Possessive Pronoun 45CHAPTER 10 Auxiliary Verb  48CHAPTER 11 Subject Complement Construction 49CHAPTER 12 Indirect Object to Sentence Construction 49CHAPTER 13 Adverb Construction 50CHAPTER 14 Adjective Construction 53CHAPTER 15 Expansion of Pronoun Expression 56CHAPTER 16 Adjective Complement Construction 58CHAPTER 17 Expansion of Subject Noun Expression 58CHAPTER 18 Possessive Forms  59CHAPTER 19 Expanded Noun Expression (Possessive ) 62CHAPTER 20 Expanded Noun Expression (Possessive ) 62CHAPTER 21 Expanded Noun Expression (Possessive ) 63CHAPTER 22 Tense 63CHAPTER 23 Negative Construction 69CHAPTER 24 Question Construction 71CHAPTER 25 Subordinate Clauses 73CHAPTER 26 Noun Clause as Complement of Verb 75CHAPTER 27 Alternative Sentence Constructions 75CHAPTER 28 The Joining Together of Two Clauses, Phrases or Parts of Speech 78
Assessment of Blood-Derived Macrophages from Individuals with Crohn's Disease: Potential Role of Diet and Selenium
Creators: name: Sousa, James Amedeo
Publisher: name: Arts
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Macrophage
subject: Selenium
subject: Diet
subject: Ferroptosis
subject: IBD
subject: Crohn's Disease
subject: Biophysics--Medical
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: There is growing evidence of the role of diet in modulating immune function in inflammatory conditions such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Specifically, there are alterations in macrophage populations and function found in patients with IBD such as reduced polarization to the M(IL-4) phenotype. Moreover, there are specific micronutrients such as selenium (Se) that patients with IBD are commonly deficient in and can also affect macrophage function and polarization. However, whether dietary intervention or Se intake can impact macrophage polarization and function in patients with Crohn’s disease (CD) is unknown. Therefore, utilizing a selenium rich Mediterranean therapeutic diet intervention (TDI) in patients with active CD, I addressed the following hypotheses: 1) there are innate differences in macrophages derived from healthy donor and patients with CD that can be modified by diet intervention and 2) that macrophages derived from patients with active CD are more prone to H2O2-induced cytotoxicity through the ferroptosis pathway. This is the first study that I am aware of to show reduced selenoprotein expression in monocyte-derived macrophages from patients with CD. This suggests reduced antioxidant defence and is further supported by increased H2O2-induced cytotoxicity compared with healthy macrophages. The TDI was beneficial with improvement in biomarkers of disease activity and dietary habits. However, there was no significant effect on the Se status of the patients. There was, however, a relationship between the M(IL-4) CD206 mRNA response and change in CRP concentration after diet intervention. Despite being able to increase GPx1 expression, Se supplementation in vitro had no significant effect on macrophage polarization to the M(IL-4) phenotype. Lastly, markers of ferroptosis were increased in healthy and patient-derived macrophages treated with H2O2, indicating that H2O2-induced cell death through the ferroptosis pathway. The differences found in selenoprotein expression and reduced antioxidant defence between healthy volunteer and patient-derived macrophages highlights the role of oxidative stress in IBD. In terms of the TDI, there is evidence of its therapeutic effect and positive impact on macrophages. Lastly, the increased cytotoxicity in CD derived-macrophages further evokes the need to study the physiological impacts of macrophage ferroptosis in IBD pathophysiology.
On the sensitivity of the dijet asymmetry to the physics of jet quenching
Creators: name: Renk, Thorsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The appearance of monojets is among the most striking signature of jet quenching in the context of ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions. Experimentally, the disappearance of jets has been quantified by the ATLAS and CMS collaborations in terms of the dijet asymmetry observable A_J. While the experimental findings initially gave rise to claims that the measured A_J would challenge the radiative energy loss paradigm, the results of a systematic investigation of A_J in different models for the medium evolution and for the shower-medium interaction presented here suggest that the observed properties of A_J arise fairly generically and independent of specific model assumptions for a large class of reasonable models. This would imply that rather than posing a challenge to any particular model, the observable prompts the question what model dynamics is not compatible with the data.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures, added computations of jet R_AA and R=0.2 results
Additional file 3 of Depletion of Toxoplasma adenine nucleotide translocator leads to defects in mitochondrial morphology
Creators: name: Wu, Yihan
name: Ying, Zhu
name: Liu, Jing
name: Sun, Zhepeng
name: Li, Shuang
name: Liu, Qun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 3: Figure S2. Identification of the iΔant gene complementation strain. a PCR1 and PCR2 were used to amplify the 5′ homologous recombination fragment (1890 bp) and the 3′ homologous recombination fragment (1218 bp), respectively. Lanes 2 and 5 are the experimental group; lanes 1 and 4 are the negative control group; lanes 3 and 6 are the blank control groups. b IFA assay. GAP45 (green) marks the outline of the parasite; red indicates the target protein TgANT; DPAI (blue) marks the nucleus. Scale bar: 2 μm.
Majorana states in inhomogeneous spin ladders
Creators: name: Pedrocchi, Fabio L.
name: Chesi, Stefano
name: Gangadharaiah, Suhas
name: Loss, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose an inhomogeneous open spin ladder, related to the Kitaev honeycomb model, which can be tuned between topological and nontopological phases. In extension of Lieb's theorem, we show numerically that the ground state of the spin ladder is either vortex free or vortex full. We study the robustness of Majorana end states (MES) which emerge at the boundary between sections in different topological phases and show that while the MES in the homogeneous ladder are destroyed by single-body perturbations, in the presence of inhomogeneities at least two-body perturbations are required to destabilize MES. Furthermore, we prove that x, y, or z inhomogeneous magnetic fields are not able to destroy the topological degeneracy. Finally, we present a trijunction setup where MES can be braided. A network of such spin ladders provides thus a promising platform for realization and manipulation of MES.
Evaluation and comparison of effects of recycling on the shutter mechanism and shear bond strength (SBS) of various self-ligating brackets – An in-vitro study
Creators: name: DR. SHEFALI SINGH
name: DR. RIZWAN GILANI
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Self-ligating brackets, shear bond strength, sandblasting, shutter mechanism

description: SPIRIT checklist
Momentum modes of M5-branes in a 2d space
Creators: name: Hu, Shan
name: Nanopoulos, Dimitri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study M5 branes by considering the selfdual strings parallel to a plane. With the internal oscillation frozen, each selfdual string gives a 5d SYM field. All selfdual strings together give a 6d field with 5 scalars, 3 gauge degrees of freedom and 8 fermionic degrees of freedom in adjoint representation of U(N). Selfdual strings with the same orientation have the SYM-type interaction. For selfdual strings with the different orientations, which could also be taken as the unparallel momentum modes of the 6d field on that plane or the (p,q) (r,s) strings on D3 with (p,q)\neq (r,s), the [i,j]+[j,k]\rightarrow [i,k] relation is not valid, so the coupling cannot be written in terms of the standard N \times N matrix multiplication. 3-string junction, which is the bound state of the unparallel [i,j] [j,k] selfdual strings, may play a role here.
description: 37 pages, 5 figures, to appear in JHEP; v2: reference added
Developing an Equity Analysis Framework for On-demand Mobility Services with Emphasis on Accessibility Outcomes
Creators: name: Ding, Yuesong
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: e-Scooter
subject: Transportation Equity
subject: Accessibility
subject: Sociology--Transportation
subject: Urban and Regional Planning
subject: FOS: Social and economic geography

description: The transportation market is transforming significantly due to emerging mobility trends and technologies. This new paradigm contains a wide range of flexible, on-demand mobility services, from micro-mobility options like shared bikes and scooters to ride-hailing services like Uber. These shared on-demand mobility services promise to deliver economic, environmental, and social benefits to society. However, questions arise about the equitable distribution of the benefits and negative impacts of emerging on-demand mobility services among different population groups. Research on the equity performance of shared on-demand mobility services is still evolving. Several challenges persist, including the limitations of existing methodologies that rely on the fixed spatial nature of traditional transit infrastructure to assess the equity of free-floating on-demand mobility services, a lack of high-resolution data, and the oversight of the unique characteristics of on-demand mobility services, such as rebalancing and matching dynamics. Given these complexities, there is a clear need to develop a comprehensive equity analysis framework capable of adapting to the complex service provision processes associated with shared on-demand mobility services. Consequently, this thesis aims to create a general framework for evaluating the equity performance of emerging shared on-demand mobility services, specifically focusing on assessing access to jobs and land uses as key indicators.
First and second order semi-Markov chains for wind speed modeling
Creators: name: D'Amico, Guglielmo
name: Petroni, Filippo
name: Prattico, Flavio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The increasing interest in renewable energy, particularly in wind, has given rise to the necessity of accurate models for the generation of good synthetic wind speed data. Markov chains are often used with this purpose but better models are needed to reproduce the statistical properties of wind speed data. We downloaded a database, freely available from the web, in which are included wind speed data taken from L.S.I. -Lastem station (Italy) and sampled every 10 minutes. With the aim of reproducing the statistical properties of this data we propose the use of three semi-Markov models. We generate synthetic time series for wind speed by means of Monte Carlo simulations. The time lagged autocorrelation is then used to compare statistical properties of the proposed models with those of real data and also with a synthetic time series generated though a simple Markov chain.
description: accepted for publication on Physica A
Large θ_13 from finite quantum corrections in quasi-degenerate neutrino mass spectrum
Creators: name: Araki, Takeshi
name: Geng, Chao-Qiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study finite quantum corrections for several well known neutrino mixing matrices and find that it is hard to account for the large value of θ_13 recently reported by T2K and MINOS. To nicely reproduce all experimentally favored neutrino mixing angles and masses, we propose a new neutrino mixing pattern. We also demonstrate a simple realization by slightly extending the standard model to illustrate the quantum corrections.
description: 17 pages, 14 figures; v2: minor changed, final version
Fermions in an AdS3 Black Hole Background and the Gauge-Gravity Duality
Creators: name: Fosco, Cesar D.
name: Moreno, Enrique F.
name: Schaposnik, Fidel A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a model whose dynamics is determined by a Maxwell Lagrangian coupled to a complex scalar and a Dirac fermion field, in an $AdS_3$ black hole background. Our study is performed within the context of the Euclidean formalism, in terms of an effective action $S^{eff}$ that results from integrating out the fermion field. In particular, $S^{eff}$ includes an induced parity breaking part which reduces, in the weak coupling limit, to Chern-Simons terms for both the gauge and spin connections, with temperature dependent coefficients. We find numerically the effective action minimum and, applying the AdS/CFT correspondence, we discuss the properties of the dual quantum field theory defined on the boundary. We show that, in contrast with what happens in the absence of fermions, the system does not undergo a phase transition at any finite temperature.
description: 15 pages, 3 figures - Revised version to appear in Physical Review D
Machine learning methods modeling waveform, multi-parameter full waveform inversion, and uncertainty quantification
Creators: name: Zhang, Tianze
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Full Waveform inversion
subject: machine learning
subject: uncertainty quantification
subject: Geophysics
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Full waveform inversion (FWI) is a potent technology capable of estimating subsurface parameters using seismic records. However, several challenges hinder its widespread application in large-scale field operations. In this thesis, I introduce strategies that leverage machine learning techniques to address the challenges faced with FWI, making FWI more feasible to implement in complex media and providing a confidence analysis for the inversion results. A primary concern is the necessity for accurate initial models in FWI; without these, FWI risks becoming ensnared in local minima. In this thesis, I propose recurrent neural network (RNN) isotropic elastic FWI. Then, I proposed the elastic implicit full waveform inversion. Instead of directly updating the elastic parameters like in the conventional FWI, I use neural networks to generate elastic models and update the weights in the neural network to decrease data misfits. Furthermore, how to develop a feasible uncertainty quantification method for FWI out- comes remains an open question. The estimation of the prior uncertainty and a method that effectively evaluates the inverse Hessian matrix are critical steps for the uncertainty quantification under the Bayesian inference. I introduce a method that uses the Bayesian neural network (BNN) to provide prior uncertainty for the elastic models and an algorithm that efficiently approximates inverse Hessian. During the inversion process, simplifications in wave propagation physics are often made to enhance computational efficiency. Yet, the extent to which such simplifications (mod- elling errors) impact the inversion results is seldom addressed. I proposed a method for the viscoelastic FWI that can quantify a specific type of modelling error, which can quantify the modelling error caused by the insufficient ability of the relaxation variables to model the constant Q model or a Q model that we desire, i.e., obtained from the field records. I also analyze the effect on the inversion results of such modelling errors. Our community is strongly motivated to find means of accurately computing wavefields with minimal computational expense. I propose the one-connection Fourier neural operator (OCFNO). I test the ability of such a network to “learn” to solve elastic wave equations. Computational speed-ups are significant.
Heisenberg's uncertainty principle in the sense of Beurling
Creators: name: Hedenmalm, Haakan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: History and Overview (math.HO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 42A38, 42B10

description: We shed new light on Heisenberg's uncertainty principle in the sense of Beurling, by offering an essentially different proof which permits us to weaken the assumptions substantially, and examples show that the result is sharp. The proof involves Fourier and Mellin transforms. We alo extend to a setting of two functions. A higher-dimensional analogue is considered as well.
description: 7 pages
Microbiological and Molecular Identification and Characterization of Avian Pathogenic Escherichia coli from Poultry Farms, Alberta
Creators: name: Wang, Yanqi
Publisher: name: Veterinary Medicine
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Avian Pathogenic Escherichia coli
subject: Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biology--Molecular

description: Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) is the etiological agent of avian colibacillosis, leading to significant economic losses in Canada and elsewhere. Avian fecal E. coli (AFEC) is considered to serve as a potential reservoir for APEC given shared genetic features. This study aimed to profile phenotypic and genotypic features of causative APEC in Alberta. Here, 100 APEC isolates from diseased and dead chickens (broiler and layer) and turkeys from 45 farms collected between 2021 and 2023 were subjected to serogroup typing, APEC-associated virulence gene (VG) profiling, antimicrobial susceptibility testing, multilocus sequence typing, and phylogenetic analysis. In addition, 121 AFEC isolates from five layer flocks were collected to investigate APEC-associated VG carriage in healthy birds. Furthermore, genetic similarity between 22 AFEC strains identified as potential APEC (poAPEC) and APEC strains was assessed through phylogenetic analysis. We identified 27 serogroups, 38 known and two novel sequence types (STs), and varied VG distribution across APEC isolates from chickens and turkeys. Interestingly, variations in VG among AFEC strains were found across distinct egg laying stages or housing systems. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes, especially extended-spectrum beta-lactamase genes were detected in APEC and poAPEC strains across all poultry species. Moreover, phylogenetic analysis revealed close clonal relationships among APEC and poAPEC strains. Notably, we identified a poAPEC isolate that shared ST155 and VGs with an APEC strain. This study is the first to report the characteristics of APEC and poAPEC isolates that cause or potentially cause colibacillosis morbidity and mortalities in chickens and turkeys in Alberta. A variety of APEC phenotypes and genotypes can lead to colibacillosis in poultry farms and may originate from the commensal E. coli found in the gastrointestinal tract of birds.
Additional file 4 of Development and validation of a novel online calculator for estimating survival benefit of adjuvant transcatheter arterial chemoembolization in patients undergoing surgery for hepatocellular carcinoma
Creators: name: Liang, Lei
name: Li, Chao
name: Wang, Ming-Da
name: Wang, Hong
name: Zhou, Ya-Hao
name: Zeng, Yong-Yi
name: Zhang, Wan-Guang
name: Chen, Ting-Hao
name: Wang, Nan-Ya
name: Li, Jie
name: Zhang, Yao-Ming
name: Wang, Yu
name: Gu, Wei-Min
name: Xing, Hao
name: Diao, Yong-Kang
name: Lau, Wan Yee
name: Zhang, Cheng-Wu
name: Pawlik, Timothy M.
name: Shen, Feng
name: Huang, Dong-Sheng
name: Yang, Tian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 3: Table S1. Univariable and multivariable Cox-regression analyses of predicting overall survival for patients with resected hepatocellular carcinoma who underwent adjuvant TACE in the developing cohort.