cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Formation of globular clusters induced by external ultraviolet radiation II: Three-dimensional radiation hydrodynamics simulations
Creators: name: Abe, Makito
name: Umemura, Masayuki
name: Hasegawa, Kenji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the possibility of the formation of globular clusters under ultraviolet (UV) background radiation. One-dimensional spherical symmetric radiation hydrodynamics (RHD) simulations by Hasegawa et al. have demonstrated that the collapse of low-mass (10^6-10^7 solar masses) gas clouds exposed to intense UV radiation can lead to the formation of compact star clusters like globular clusters (GCs) if gas clouds contract with supersonic infall velocities. However, three-dimensional effects, such as the anisotropy of background radiation and the inhomogeneity in gas clouds, have not been studied so far. In this paper, we perform three-dimensional RHD simulations in a semi-cosmological context, and reconsider the formation of compact star clusters in strong UV radiation fields. As a result, we find that although anisotropic radiation fields bring an elongated shadow of neutral gas, almost spherical compact star clusters can be procreated from a "supersonic infall" cloud, since photo-dissociating radiation suppresses the formation of hydrogen molecules in the shadowed regions and the regions are compressed by UV heated ambient gas. The properties of resultant star clusters match those of GCs. On the other hand, in weak UV radiation fields, dark matter-dominated star clusters with low stellar density form due to the self-shielding effect as well as the positive feedback by ionizing photons. Thus, we conclude that the "supersonic infall" under a strong UV background is a potential mechanism to form GCs.
description: 16 pages, 12 figures, 3 tables, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Holography and Irrelevant Operators
Creators: name: Chang, Chih-Kai
name: Ferko, Christian
name: Sethi, Savdeep
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the holographic proposal involving spacetimes with linear dilaton asymptotics in three dimensions from a gravity perspective. The holographic dual shares some properties with a symmetric product conformal field theory deformed by a single-trace analogue of the $T \overline{T}$ deformation. We present solutions of ten-dimensional supergravity which interpolate from BTZ black holes in the interior to either a linear dilaton spacetime near infinity, or to flat space. This allows a precise identification of field theory parameters with gravity parameters. The solutions manifestly exhibit the square root structure that is characteristic of $T \overline{T}$-deformed conformal field theories. We compute the mass of the spacetimes using the covariant phase space formalism and find agreement with the square root formula for the case of black holes without spin. We also discuss whether closed string tachyons might play a role when the deformation parameter becomes too large and the vacuum becomes unstable.
description: 44 pages, LaTeX; v2: references and a new section added
title: Status Quo der Dynamic-Capabilities-Forschung
Creators: name: Klein, Torsten
name: Nähring, Annika
name: Gerken, Lena
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften

description: This work is intended to make it easier for companies to increase their dynamic capabilities in agile market environments. For this purpose, the areas of a company that are relevant for dynamic capabili-ties are presented and weighted in a clear model. In addition, a direction is proposed for the expansion of dynamic capabilities regarding the order in which the areas of a company should be considered. The work is based on a literature analysis that provides an approach to bring together the various re-search approaches. For this purpose, the state of research on the topic of dynamic capabilities was developed using an extensive methodology and related to the value chain model according to Porter and the St. Gallen management model, two models valued in practice, in order to identify the relevant areas for dynamic capabilities. The research relates to a broad publication period and a large number of papers. In this way, the various development steps of Dynamic Capabilities over the years could be presented by means of a systematic analysis in which different approaches are summarized. Further-more, these areas were compared and evaluated in terms of relevance in three analysis steps. The findings of the analysis of many individual approaches were summarized in a new model and consider the entire corporate function. Dieser Beitrag fasst den bisherigen Entwicklungsstand der Dynamic Capabilitiy Forschung systema-tisch zusammen und schafft ein Konzept zur Übertragbarkeit der Forschungsergebnisse in die prakti-sche Anwendung. Es werden die für die dynamischen Fähigkeiten relevanten Bereiche eines Unter-nehmens in einem übersichtlichen Modell dargestellt und gewichtet. Darüber hinaus wird eine Richtung für den Ausbau der dynamischen Fähigkeiten vorgeschlagen, in welcher Reihenfolge die Bereiche eines Unternehmens berücksichtigt werden sollten. Die Arbeit basiert auf einer systematischen Literaturanalyse, die einen Ansatz bietet, die verschiede-nen Forschungsansätze zusammenzuführen. Es wurden die Forschungsergebnisse zu Dynamic Cap-abilities mit dem Wertschöpfungskettenmodell nach Porter und dem St. Galler Managementmodell, zwei in der Praxis etablierte Ansätze, verknüpft, um die relevanten Handlungsfelder für Dynamic Cap-abilities zu identifizieren. Die Untersuchung bezieht sich auf einen breiten Publikationszeitraum und eine große Anzahl relevanter Veröffentlichungen. Durch die übergeordnete Betrachtungsanalyse wird der Beitrag den vielfältigen Forschungsströmungen zu Dynamic Capabilities gerecht. Auf dieser Basis wurde ein funktionaler Gestaltungsansatz für die Praxis entwickelt.
description: IBAL Schriftenreihe: Contributions to Business Administration and Leadership; 2023,3
Fast wide-field quantum sensor based on solid-state spins integrated with a SPAD array
Creators: name: Wang, Guoqing
name: Madonini, Francesca
name: Li, Boning
name: Li, Changhao
name: Xiang, Jinggang
name: Villa, Federica
name: Cappellaro, Paola
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Achieving fast, sensitive, and parallel measurement of a large number of quantum particles is an essential task in building large-scale quantum platforms for different quantum information processing applications such as sensing, computation, simulation, and communication. Current quantum platforms in experimental atomic and optical physics based on CMOS sensors and CCD cameras are limited by either low sensitivity or slow operational speed. Here we integrate an array of single-photon avalanche diodes with solid-state spin defects in diamond to build a fast wide-field quantum sensor, achieving a frame rate up to 100~kHz. We present the design of the experimental setup to perform spatially resolved imaging of quantum systems. A few exemplary applications, including sensing DC and AC magnetic fields, temperature, strain, local spin density, and charge dynamics, are experimentally demonstrated using an NV ensemble diamond sample. The developed photon detection array is broadly applicable to other platforms such as atom arrays trapped in optical tweezers, optical lattices, donors in silicon, and rare earth ions in solids.
A 10d construction of Euclidean axion wormholes in flat and AdS space
Creators: name: Loges, Gregory J.
name: Shiu, Gary
name: Van Riet, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Euclidean wormhole geometries sourced by axions and dilatons are puzzling objects in quantum gravity. From one side of the wormhole to the other, the scalar fields traverse a few Planck lengths in field space and so corrections from the UV might potentially affect the consistency of the solution, even when the wormholes are large. Motivated by this, we carry out the first explicit 10d lifts of regular Euclidean axion wormholes. We start off with the lift of Giddings-Strominger wormholes in $N=8$ Euclidean supergravity over a 6-torus to 10d type IIA supergravity and find the solution can be everywhere tuned into the parametrically controlled supergravity regime. Secondly, we construct explicit wormholes in AdS spaces and find them again to be under parametric control. We find the first wormhole solutions in massive type IIA on $S^3\times S^3$ and in type IIB on $T^{1,1}$. The latter has an explicit holographic dual, and similar to the earlier constructions in $AdS_5 \times S^5/Z_k$, the wormholes violate operator positivity since $Tr(F\pm{\star F})^2<0$. This puzzle might arise from subtleties related to computing holographic $n$-point functions in the presence of multiple boundaries.
description: 33 pages, 9 figures
On the Imminent Regional Seismic Activity Forecasting Using INTERMAGNET and Sun-Moon Tide Code Data
Creators: name: Mavrodiev, Strachimir Cht.
name: Pekevski, Lazo
name: Kikuashvili, Giorgi
name: Botev, Emil
name: Getsov, Petar
name: Mardirossian, Garo
name: Sotirov, Georgi
name: Teodossiev, Dimitar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we present an approach for forecasting the imminent regional seismic activity by using geomagnetic data and Earth tide data. The time periods of seismic activity are the time periods around the Sun-Moon extreme of the diurnal average value of the tide vector module. For analyzing the geomagnetic data behaviour we use diurnal standard deviation of geomagnetic vector components F for calculating the time variance Geomag Signal. The Sun storm influence is avoided by using data for daily A-indexes (published by NOAA). The precursor signal for forecasting the incoming regional seismic activity is a simple function of the present and previous day Geomag Signal and A-indexes values. The reliability of the geomagnetic when, regional precursor is demonstrated by using statistical analysis of day difference between the times of predicted and occurred earthquakes. The base of the analysis is a natural hypothesis that the predicted earthquake is the one whose surface energy density in the monitoring point is bigger than the energy densities of all occurred earthquakes in the same period and region. The reliability of the approach was tested using the INTERMAGNET stations data located in Bulgaria, Panagurishte, PAG (Jan 1, 2008-Jan 29, 2014), Romania, Surlari, SUA (Jan 1, 2008-Jan 27, 2014), Italy, L'Aquila, AQU (Jan 1, 2008-May 30, 2013) in the time of EU IRSES BlackSeaHazNet (2011-2014) project. The steps of program for solving the when, where and how earthquake prediction problem are shortly described.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures
On the nature of hydrostatic equilibrium in galaxy clusters
Creators: name: Biffi, V.
name: Borgani, S.
name: Murante, G.
name: Rasia, E.
name: Planelles, S.
name: Granato, G. L.
name: Ragone-Figueroa, C.
name: Beck, A. M.
name: Gaspari, M.
name: Dolag, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we investigate the level of hydrostatic equilibrium (HE) in the intra-cluster medium of simulated galaxy clusters, extracted from state-of-the-art cosmological hydrodynamical simulations performed with the Smoothed-Particle-Hydrodynamic code GADGET-3. These simulations include several physical processes, among which stellar and AGN feedback, and have been performed with an improved version of the code that allows for a better description of hydrodynamical instabilities and gas mixing processes. Evaluating the radial balance between the gravitational and hydrodynamical forces, via the gas accelerations generated, we effectively examine the level of HE in every object of the sample, its dependence on the radial distance from the center and on the classification of the cluster in terms of either cool-coreness or dynamical state. We find an average deviation of 10-20% out to the virial radius, with no evident distinction between cool-core and non-cool-core clusters. Instead, we observe a clear separation between regular and disturbed systems, with a more significant deviation from HE for the disturbed objects. The investigation of the bias between the hydrostatic estimate and the total gravitating mass indicates that, on average, this traces very well the deviation from HE, even though individual cases show a more complex picture. Typically, in the radial ranges where mass bias and deviation from HE are substantially different, the gas is characterized by a significant amount of random motions (>~30 per cent), relative to thermal ones. As a general result, the HE-deviation and mass bias, at given interesting distance from the cluster center, are not very sensitive to the temperature inhomogeneities in the gas.
description: 14 pages, 13 figures, 1 table; submitted
Criticality and mechanical enhancement in composite fibre networks
Creators: name: van Doorn, Jan Maarten
name: Lageschaar, Luuk
name: Sprakel, Joris
name: van der Gucht, Jasper
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many biological materials consist of sparse networks of disordered fibres, embedded in a soft elastic matrix. The interplay between rigid and soft elements in such composite networks leads to mechanical properties that can go far beyond the sum of those of the constituents. Here we present lattice-based simulations to unravel the microscopic origins of this mechanical synergy. We show that the competition between fibre stretching and bending and elastic deformations of the matrix gives rise to distinct mechanical regimes, with phase transitions between them that are characterized by critical behaviour and diverging strain fluctuations and with different mechanisms leading to mechanical enhancement.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
The linguistic implications of academic performance indicators: general trends and case study
Creators: name: Gazzola, Michele
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: language policy
subject: research assessment
subject: journal impact factor
subject: bibliometric indicators
subject: international student mobility
subject: university rankings
subject: 400 Sprache

description: This publication is with permission of the rights owner freely accessible due to an Alliance licence and a national licence (funded by the DFG, German Research Foundation) respectively.
description: This article analyzes the new system of indicators adopted in Italy to evaluate universities’ research activities, and it shows that this system provides an implicit structure of economic incentives which de facto is likely to favor the use of English in scientific communication. This is due, among other things, to the use of bibliometric indicators and databases skewed in favor of English. This article also analyzes the rising phenomenon of programs taught entirely in English in Italian universities, showing that the introduction of programs in English does not seem to respond to a real demand by students or to a demand for language skills in the Italian labor market. Rather, it is related to the use of the number of foreign students as an indicator of university performance. The focus of the article is on the respective use of Italian and English in Italian universities, but general remarks are also relevant to other countries and the European Union as a whole. This article emphasizes the effects of academic performance indicators on linguistic diversity and thus their role as a language policy tool. In addition, it addresses the question of the quality of indicators currently employed.
Spekulation als Gegenstand historischer Forschung
Creators: name: Priemel, Kim Christian
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: 900 Geschichte, Geografie und Hilfswissenschaften

description: Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich.
Extraction of Skin Lesions from Non-Dermoscopic Images Using Deep Learning
Creators: name: Jafari, Mohammad H.
name: Nasr-Esfahani, Ebrahim
name: Karimi, Nader
name: Soroushmehr, S. M. Reza
name: Samavi, Shadrokh
name: Najarian, Kayvan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Melanoma is amongst most aggressive types of cancer. However, it is highly curable if detected in its early stages. Prescreening of suspicious moles and lesions for malignancy is of great importance. Detection can be done by images captured by standard cameras, which are more preferable due to low cost and availability. One important step in computerized evaluation of skin lesions is accurate detection of lesion region, i.e. segmentation of an image into two regions as lesion and normal skin. Accurate segmentation can be challenging due to burdens such as illumination variation and low contrast between lesion and healthy skin. In this paper, a method based on deep neural networks is proposed for accurate extraction of a lesion region. The input image is preprocessed and then its patches are fed to a convolutional neural network (CNN). Local texture and global structure of the patches are processed in order to assign pixels to lesion or normal classes. A method for effective selection of training patches is used for more accurate detection of a lesion border. The output segmentation mask is refined by some post processing operations. The experimental results of qualitative and quantitative evaluations demonstrate that our method can outperform other state-of-the-art algorithms exist in the literature.
Choose to smooth: Gaussian streaming with the truncated Zel'dovich approximation
Creators: name: Kopp, Michael
name: Uhlemann, Cora
name: Achitouv, Ixandra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the dark matter halo correlation function in redshift space using the Gaussian streaming model (GSM). To determine the scale dependent functions entering the streaming model we use local Lagrangian bias together with Convolution Lagrangian perturbation theory (CLPT) which constitutes an approximation to the Post-Zel'dovich approximation. On the basis of N-body simulations we demonstrate that a smoothing of the initial conditions with the Lagrangian radius improves the Zel'dovich approximation and its ability to predict the displacement field of proto-halos. Based on this observation we implement a "truncated" CLPT by smoothing the initial power spectrum and investigate the dependence of the streaming model ingredients on the smoothing scale. We find that the real space correlation functions of halos and their mean pairwise velocity are optimised if the coarse graining scale is chosen to be 1 Mpc/h at z=0, while the pairwise velocity dispersion is optimised if the smoothing scale is chosen to be the Lagrangian size of the halo. We compare theoretical results for the halo correlation function in redshift space to measurements within the Horizon Run 2 N-body simulation halo catalog. We find that this simple two-filter smoothing procedure in the spirit of the truncated Zel'dovich approximation significantly improves the GSM+CLPT prediction of the redshift space halo correlation function over the whole mass range from large galaxy to galaxy cluster-sized halos.
description: 24 pages, 18 figures
Simple finite-dimensional double algebras
Creators: name: Goncharov, M. E.
name: Kolesnikov, P. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 16K20, 15A24, 16W99

description: A double algebra is a linear space $V$ equipped with linear map $V\otimes V\to V\otimes V$. Additional conditions on this map lead to the notions of Lie and associative double algebras. We prove that simple finite-dimensional Lie double algebras do not exist over an arbitrary field, and all simple finite-dimensional associative double algebras over an algebraically closed field are trivial. Over an arbitrary field, every simple finite-dimensional associative double algebra is commutative. A double algebra structure on a finite-dimensional space $V$ is naturally described by a linear operator $R$ on the algebra $\End V$ of linear transformations of~$V$. Double Lie algebras correspond in this sense to skew-symmetric Rota---Baxter operators, double associative algebra structures---to (left) averaging operators.
Factorization of a spectral density with smooth eigenvalues of a multidimensional stationary time series
Creators: name: Szabados, Tamás
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 62M10, 60G10, 60G12

description: The aim of this paper to give a multidimensional version of the classical one-dimensional case of smooth spectral density. A smooth spectral density gives an explicit method to factorize the spectral density and compute the constituents of the Wold representation of a regular weakly stationary time series. These constituents are important to give the best linear predictions of the time series.
description: 11 pages. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2012.00725
Intel Stratix 10 FPGA design for track reconstruction for the ATLAS experiment at the HL-LHC
Creators: name: Camplani, A.
name: Dittmeier, S.
name: Annovi, A.
name: Axiotis, K.
name: Beccherle, R.
name: Biesuz, N.
name: Brenner, R.
name: Débieux, S.
name: Ellert, M.
name: Francavilla, P.
name: Giannetti, P.
name: Kordas, K.
name: Mårtensson, M.
name: Mastrandrea, P.
name: Noulas, C.
name: Oechsle, J.
name: Piendibene, M.
name: Poggi, R.
name: Schöning, A.
name: Sfyrla, A.
name: Sotiropoulou, C. L.
name: Steentoft, J.
name: Tsiakiris, T.
name: Xella, S.
name: Zinßer, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The fast reconstruction of charged particle tracks with high efficiency and track quality is an essential part of the online data selection for the ATLAS experiment at the High-Luminosity LHC. Dedicated custom designed hardware boards and software simulations have been developed to assess the feasibility of a Hardware Tracking Trigger (HTT) system. The Pattern Recognition Mezzanine (PRM), as part of the HTT system, has been designed to recognize track candidates in silicon detectors with Associative Memory ASICs and to select and reconstruct tracks using linearized algorithms implemented in an Intel Stratix 10 MX FPGA. The highly parallelized FPGA design makes extensive use of the integrated High-Bandwidth-Memory. In this paper, the FPGA design for the PRM board is presented. Its functionalities have been verified in both simulations and hardware tests on an Intel Stratix 10 MX development kit.
description: 23 pages, 14 figures
Unveiling the Vibrant Tapestry: Brazilian Female Voices in Visual Poetry on Instagram
Creators: name: Rodrigues dos Santos, Ana Amelia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: visual poetry, Instagram, electronic literature, female poetry, identity

description: This article aims to explore the presence of women on Instagram by focusing on the work of the Brazilian artist Heloísa Marques as an illustrative example. To achieve this, we will begin by providing a concise overview of her social and literary background. Subsequently, we will select specific pieces from her body of work to analyse the techniques she employs, her approach to language, the nature of discourse generated by her work, and the reception and response it elicits. Through this examination, we seek to shed light on Marques's artistic contributions and the broader female presence within the realm of Instagram.
Towards boolean operations with thermal photons
Creators: name: Ben-Abdallah, Philippe
name: Biehs, Svend-Age
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Boolean algebra is the natural theoretical framework for a classical information treatment. The basic logical operations are usually performed using logic gates. In this Letter we demonstrate that NOT, OR and AND gates can be realized exploiting the near-field radiative interaction in N-body systems with phase change materials. With the recent development of a photon thermal transistor and thermal memory, this result paves the way for a full information treatment and smart solutions for active thermal management at nanoscale with photons.
Observing the PTPS Sample of Evolved Exoplanet Host Candidates Using the NPOI
Creators: name: Baines, Ellyn K.
name: Armstrong, J. Thomas
name: Schmitt, Henrique R.
name: Zavala, R. T.
name: Benson, James A.
name: Niedzielski, Andrzej
name: Zielinski, Pawel
name: Vanko, Martin
name: Wolszczan, Aleksander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We plan to measure the angular diameters of a sample of Penn State-Torun Planet Search (PTPS) giant exoplanet host star candidates using the Navy Precision Optical Interferometer. The radii of evolved giant stars obtained using spectroscopy are usually ill-defined because of the method's indirect nature and evolutionary model dependency. The star's radius is a critical parameter used to calculate luminosity and mass, which are often not well known for giant stars. Therefore, this problem also affects the orbital period, mass, and surface temperature of the planet. Our interferometric observations will significantly decrease the errors for these parameters. We present preliminary results from NPOI observations of six stars in the PTPS sample.
description: 8 pages, 1 figure, 3 tables, from the SPIE Optical and Infrared Interferometry and Imaging V conference, Edinburgh, Scotland
The Asymptotic Structure of the Centred Hyperbolic 2-Monopole Moduli Space
Creators: name: Franchetti, Guido
name: Ross, Calum
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We construct an asymptotic metric on the moduli space of two centred hyperbolic monopoles by working in the point particle approximation, that is treating well-separated monopoles as point particles with an electric, magnetic and scalar charge and re-interpreting the dynamics of the 2-particle system as geodesic motion with respect to some metric. The corresponding analysis in the Euclidean case famously yields the negative mass Taub-NUT metric, which asymptotically approximates the $L^2$ metric on the moduli space of two Euclidean monopoles, the Atiyah-Hitchin metric. An important difference with the Euclidean case is that, due to the absence of Galilean symmetry, in the hyperbolic case it is not possible to factor out the centre of mass motion. Nevertheless we show that we can consistently restrict to a 3-dimensional configuration space by considering antipodal configurations. In complete parallel with the Euclidean case, the metric that we obtain is then the hyperbolic analogue of negative mass Taub-NUT. We also show how the metric obtained is related to the asymptotic form of a hyperbolic analogue of the Atiyah-Hitchin metric constructed by Hitchin.
Strong CMB Constraint On P-Wave Annihilating Dark Matter
Creators: name: An, Haipeng
name: Wise, Mark B.
name: Zhang, Yue
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a dark sector consisting of dark matter that is a Dirac fermion and a scalar mediator. This model has been extensively studied in the past. If the scalar couples to the dark matter in a parity conserving manner then dark matter annihilation to two mediators is dominated by the P-wave channel and hence is suppressed at very low momentum. The indirect detection constraint from the anisotropy of the Cosmic Microwave Background is usually thought to be absent in the model because of this suppression. In this letter we show that dark matter annihilation to bound states occurs through the S-wave and hence there is a constraint on the parameter space of the model from the Cosmic Microwave Background.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
SXDF-ALMA 2 Arcmin^2 Deep Survey: Resolving and Characterizing the Infrared Extragalactic Background Light Down to 0.5 mJy
Creators: name: Yamaguchi, Yuki
name: Tamura, Yoichi
name: Kohno, Kotaro
name: Aretxaga, Itziar
name: Dunlop, James S.
name: Hatsukade, Bunyo
name: Hughes, David
name: Ikarashi, Soh
name: Ishii, Shun
name: Ivison, Rob J.
name: Izumi, Takuma
name: Kawabe, Ryohei
name: Kodama, Tadayuki
name: Lee, Minju
name: Makiya, Ryu
name: Matsuda, Yuichi
name: Nakanishi, Kouichiro
name: Ohta, Kouji
name: Rujopakarn, Wiphu
name: Tadaki, Ken-ichi
name: Umehata, Hideki
name: Wang, Wei-Hao
name: Wilson, Grant W.
name: Yabe, Kiyoto
name: Yun, Min S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a multi-wavelength analysis of five submillimeter sources (S_1.1mm = 0.54-2.02 mJy) that were detected during our 1.1-mm-deep continuum survey in the SXDF-UDS-CANDELS field (2 arcmin^2, 1sigma = 0.055 mJy beam^-1) using the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA). The two brightest sources correspond to a known single-dish (AzTEC) selected bright submillimeter galaxy (SMG), whereas the remaining three are faint SMGs newly uncovered by ALMA. If we exclude the two brightest sources, the contribution of the ALMA-detected faint SMGs to the infrared extragalactic background light is estimated to be ~ 4.1^{+5.4}_{-3.0} Jy deg^{-2}, which corresponds to ~ 16^{+22}_{-12}% of the infrared extragalactic background light. This suggests that their contribution to the infrared extragalactic background light is as large as that of bright SMGs. We identified multi-wavelength counterparts of the five ALMA sources. One of the sources (SXDF-ALMA3) is extremely faint in the optical to near-infrared region despite its infrared luminosity (L_IR ~ 1e12 L_sun or SFR ~ 100 M_sun yr^{-1}). By fitting the spectral energy distributions (SEDs) at the optical-to-near-infrared wavelengths of the remaining four ALMA sources, we obtained the photometric redshifts (z_photo) and stellar masses (M_*): z_photo ~ 1.3-2.5, M_* ~ (3.5-9.5)e10 M_sun. We also derived their star formation rates (SFRs) and specific SFRs (sSFRs) as ~ 30-200 M_sun yr^{-1} and ~ 0.8-2 Gyr^{-1}, respectively. These values imply that they are main-sequence star-forming galaxies.
description: PASJ accepted, 15 pages, 6 figures, 2 tables
Hydrodynamics of bilayer membranes with diffusing transmembrane proteins
Creators: name: Callan-Jones, Andrew
name: Durand, Marc
name: Fournier, Jean-Baptiste
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the hydrodynamics of lipid bilayers containing transmembrane proteins of arbitrary shape. This biologically-motivated problem is relevant to the cell membrane, whose fluctuating dynamics play a key role in phenomena ranging from cell migration, intercellular transport, and cell communication. Using Onsager's variational principle, we derive the equations that govern the relaxation dynamics of the membrane shape, of the mass densities of the bilayer leaflets, and of the diffusing proteins' concentration. With our generic formalism, we obtain several results on membrane dynamics. We find that proteins that span the bilayer increase the intermonolayer friction coefficient. The renormalization, which can be significant, is in inverse proportion to the protein's mobility. Second, we find that asymmetric proteins couple to the membrane curvature and to the difference in monolayer densities. For practically all accessible membrane tensions ($σ> 10^{-8}$ N/m) we show that the protein density is the slowest relaxing variable. Furthermore, its relaxation rate decreases at small wavelengths due to the coupling to curvature. We apply our formalism to the large-scale diffusion of a concentrated protein patch. We find that the diffusion profile is not self-similar, owing to the wavevector dependence of the effective diffusion coefficient.
Seismic metasurfaces: Sub-wavelength resonators and Rayleigh wave interaction
Creators: name: Colquitt, D. J.
name: Colombi, A.
name: Craster, R. V.
name: Roux, P.
name: Guenneau, S. R. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the canonical problem of an array of rods, which act as resonators, placed on an elastic substrate; the substrate being either a thin elastic plate or an elastic half-space. In both cases the flexural plate, or Rayleigh surface, waves in the substrate interact with the resonators to create interesting effects such as effective band-gaps for surface waves or filters that transform surface waves into bulk waves; these effects have parallels in the field of optics where such sub-wavelength resonators create metamaterials, and metasurfaces, in the bulk and at the surface respectively. Here we carefully analyse this canonical problem by extracting the dispersion relations analytically thereby examining the influence of both the flexural and compressional resonances on the propagating wave. For an array of resonators atop an elastic half-space we augment the analysis with numerical simulations. Amongst other effects, we demonstrate the striking effect of a dispersion curve that transitions from Rayleigh wave-like to shear wave-like behaviour and the resultant change in displacement from surface to bulk waves.
description: 21 pages, 9 figures
Mitochondria Plant Aneuploidy Intrinsic Phosphorylation Research Grant Proposal
Creators: name: Solomon Ubani
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: The aim of this research proposal for submission to journals was to study the benefits of lipid biomolecule growth in plants. The results showed the host tree and plant had adenosine triphosphate an exchange medium in the cell synthesized in mitochondrion by addition of a third phosphate class to adenosine triphosphate in a process referred to as oxidative phosphorylation

It can be concluded the oxidative phosphorylation was a metabolic pathway. The results showed fungi on plants make these capable of growing in different habitats, salt concentrations and UV environment. The root failure as a result of weed development is researched in this study.
Heat rectification, heat fluxes, and spectral matching
Creators: name: Navarro, Javier
name: Muga, Juan Gonzalo
name: Pons, Marisa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Heat rectifiers would facilitate energy management operations such as cooling, or energy harvesting, but devices of practical interest are still missing. Understanding heat rectification at a fundamental level is key to help us find or design such devices. The match or mismatch of the phonon band spectrum of device segments for forward or reverse temperature bias of the thermal baths at device boundaries, was proposed as the mechanism behind rectification. However no explicit, theoretical relation derived from first principles had been found so far between heat fluxes and spectral matching. We study heat rectification in a minimalistic chain of two coupled ions. The fluxes and rectification can be calculated analytically. We propose a definition of the matching that sets an upper bound for the heat flux. In a regime where the device rectifies optimally, matching and flux ratios for forward and reverse configurations are found to be proportional. The results can be extended to a system of N particles in arbitrary traps with nearest-neighbor linear interactions.
description: 9 pages, 9 figures
Semiconductor-on-diamond cavities for spin optomechanics
Creators: name: Ma, Xinyuan
name: Shandilya, Prasoon K.
name: Barclay, Paul E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Optomechanical cavities are powerful tools for classical and quantum information processing that can be realized using nanophotonic structures that co-localize optical and mechanical resonances. Typically, phononic localization requires suspended devices that forbid vertical leakage of mechanical energy. Achieving this in some promising quantum photonic materials such as diamond requires non-standard nanofabrication techniques, while hindering integration with other components and exacerbating heating related challenges. As an alternative, we have developed a semiconductor-on-diamond platform that co-localizes phononic and photonic modes without requiring undercutting. We have designed an optomechanical crystal cavity that combines high optomechanical coupling with low dissipation, and we show that this platform will enable optomechanical coupling to spin qubits in the diamond substrate. These properties demonstrate the promise of this platform for realizing quantum information processing devices based on spin, phonon, and photon interactions.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures
Boundaries of Kleinian groups
Creators: name: Haïssinsky, Peter
name: Paoluzzi, Luisa
name: Walsh, Genevieve
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 20F67, 30F40, Secondary 57N16

description: We review the theory of splittings of hyperbolic groups, as determined by the topology of the boundary. We give explicit examples of certain phenomena and then use this to describe limit sets of Kleinian groups up to homeomorphism.
description: 16 pages, 3 figures, to appear the the Illinois Journal of Mathematics (special Haken issue)
The superradiant instability regime of the spinning Kerr black hole
Creators: name: Hod, Shahar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spinning Kerr black holes are known to be superradiantly unstable to massive scalar perturbations. We here prove that the instability regime of the composed Kerr-black-hole-massive-scalar-field system is bounded from above by the dimensionless inequality $Mμ< m \cdot \sqrt{{{2(1+γ) (1-\sqrt{1-γ^2}) - γ^2} \over {4γ^2}}}$, where $\{μ,m\}$ are respectively the proper mass and azimuthal harmonic index of the scalar field and $γ\equiv r_-/r_+$ is the dimensionless ratio between the horizon radii of the black hole. It is further shown that this {\it analytically} derived upper bound on the superradiant instability regime of the spinning Kerr black hole agrees with recent {\it numerical} computations of the instability resonance spectrum.
description: 7 pages
Magnetic-dipole-to-electric-quadrupole cross-susceptibilities for relativistic hydrogenlike atoms in some low-lying discrete energy eigenstates
Creators: name: Stefańska, Patrycja
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we present tabulated data for magnetic-dipole-to-electric-quadrupole cross-susceptibilities ($χ_{\textrm{M}1 \to \textrm{E}2}$) for Dirac one-electron atoms with a pointlike, spinless and motionless nucleus of charge $Ze$. Numerical values of this susceptibility for the hydrogen atom ($Z=1$) and for hydrogenic ions with $2 \leqslant Z \leqslant 137$ are computed from the general analytical formula, recently derived by us [P. Stefa{ń}ska, Phys. Rev. A 93 (2016) 022504], valid for an arbitrary discrete energy eigenstate. In this work we provide 30 tables with the values of $χ_{\textrm{M}1 \to \textrm{E}2}$ for the ground state, and also for the first, the second and the third set of excited states (i.e.: 2s$_{1/2}$, 2p$_{1/2}$, 2p$_{3/2}$, 3s$_{1/2}$, 3p$_{1/2}$, 3p$_{3/2}$, 3d$_{3/2}$, 3d$_{5/2}$, 4s$_{1/2}$, 4p$_{1/2}$, 4p$_{3/2}$, 4d$_{3/2}$, 4d$_{5/2}$, 4f$_{5/2}$ and 4f$_{7/2}$) of the relativistic hydrogenlike atoms. The value of the inverse of the fine-structure constant used in the calculations is $α^{-1}=137.035 \: 999 \: 139$, and was taken from CODATA 2014.
description: 39 pages, 30 tables
Casimir effect, loop corrections and topological mass generation for interacting real and complex scalar fields in Minkowski spacetime with different conditions
Creators: name: Junior, A. J. D. Farias
name: Mota, Herondy F. Santana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper the Casimir energy density, loop corrections, and generation of topological mass are investigated for a system consisting of two interacting real and complex scalar fields. The interaction considered is the quartic interaction in the form of a product of the modulus square of the complex field and the square of the real field. In addition, it is also considered the self-interaction associated with each field. In this theory, the scalar field is constrained to always obey periodic condition while the complex field obeys in one case a quasiperiodic condition and in other case mixed boundary conditions. The Casimir energy density, loop corrections, and topological mass are evaluated analytically for the massive and massless scalar fields considered. An analysis of possible different stable vacuum states and the corresponding stability condition is also provided. In order to better understand our investigation, some graphs are also presented. The formalism we use here to perform such investigation is the effective potential, which is written as loop expansions via path integral in quantum field theory.
description: 23 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in Physical Review D
Orbital Gravito-Magnetoelectric response and Orbital magnetic quadrupole moment correction
Creators: name: Shinada, Koki
name: Peters, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The magnetoelectric effect has been actively studied in multiferroics since the first observation in an antiferromagnetic, $\mathrm{Cr_2O_3}$. This effect appears in systems without spatial inversion symmetry and time-reversal symmetry and is sensitive to detecting magnetic quadrupole moments. It is often discussed as inducing spin magnetizations; however, the orbital magnetoelectric effect in metals has recently attracted much attention since its observation in $\mathrm{MoS_2}$ and twisted bilayer graphene. In this work, we propose the full quantum formalism for the temperature gradient induced-orbital magnetoelectric effect (orbital gravito-ME effect). The effect consists of two parts, i.e., an extrinsic part and an intrinsic part. We demonstrate that the intrinsic part needs a correction from the orbital magnetic quadrupole moment besides the usual Kubo formula to avoid an unphysical divergence at zero temperature and to satisfy the Mott relation. Furthermore, we show the classification table with the magnetic point group for the intrinsic and extrinsic effects. Finally, we analyze the intrinsic part in a $\mathcal{PT}$-symmetric model exhibiting an orbital magnetization order, i.e., a loop current order, and demonstrate the enhancement near Dirac points. We believe that these results will contribute to the detection and usage of orbital magnetic moments beyond spin moments.
Deep Synoptic Array science: A massive elliptical host among two galaxy-cluster fast radio bursts
Creators: name: Sharma, Kritti
name: Somalwar, Jean
name: Law, Casey
name: Ravi, Vikram
name: Catha, Morgan
name: Chen, Ge
name: Connor, Liam
name: Faber, Jakob T.
name: Hallinan, Gregg
name: Harnach, Charlie
name: Hellbourg, Greg
name: Hobbs, Rick
name: Hodge, David
name: Hodges, Mark
name: Lamb, James W.
name: Rasmussen, Paul
name: Sherman, Myles B.
name: Shi, Jun
name: Simard, Dana
name: Squillace, Reynier
name: Weinreb, Sander
name: Woody, David P.
name: Yadlapalli, Nitika
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The stellar population environments associated with fast radio burst (FRB) sources provide important insights for developing their progenitor theories. We expand the diversity of known FRB host environments by reporting two FRBs in massive galaxy clusters discovered by the Deep Synoptic Array (DSA-110) during its commissioning observations. FRB 20220914A has been localized to a star-forming, late-type galaxy at a redshift of 0.1139 with multiple starbursts at lookback times less than $\sim$3.5 Gyr in the Abell 2310 galaxy cluster. Although the host galaxy of FRB 20220914A is similar to typical FRB hosts, the FRB 20220509G host stands out as a quiescent, early-type galaxy at a redshift of 0.0894 in the Abell 2311 galaxy cluster. The discovery of FRBs in both late and early-type galaxies adds to the body of evidence that the FRB sources have multiple formation channels. Therefore, even though FRB hosts are typically star-forming, there must exist formation channels consistent with old stellar population in galaxies. The varied star formation histories of the two FRB hosts we report indicate a wide delay-time distribution of FRB progenitors. Future work in constraining the FRB delay-time distribution, using methods we develop herein, will prove crucial in determining the evolutionary histories of FRB sources.
description: 18 pages, 9 figures