cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
NOSA, an Analytical Toolbox for Multicellular Optical Electrophysiology
Creators: name: Oltmanns, Sebastian
name: Abben, Frauke Sophie
name: Ender, Anatoli
name: Aimon, Sophie
name: Kovacs, Richard
name: Sigrist, Stephan J.
name: Storace, Douglas A.
name: Geiger, Jörg R. P.
name: Raccuglia, Davide
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: voltage imaging
subject: GEVI
subject: analytical toolbox
subject: multicellular activity
subject: optical electrophysiology
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Understanding how neural networks generate activity patterns and communicate with each other requires monitoring the electrical activity from many neurons simultaneously. Perfectly suited tools for addressing this challenge are genetically encoded voltage indicators (GEVIs) because they can be targeted to specific cell types and optically report the electrical activity of individual, or populations of neurons. However, analyzing and interpreting the data from voltage imaging experiments is challenging because high recording speeds and properties of current GEVIs yield only low signal-to-noise ratios, making it necessary to apply specific analytical tools. Here, we present NOSA (Neuro-Optical Signal Analysis), a novel open source software designed for analyzing voltage imaging data and identifying temporal interactions between electrical activity patterns of different origin. In this work, we explain the challenges that arise during voltage imaging experiments and provide hands-on analytical solutions. We demonstrate how NOSA’s baseline fitting, filtering algorithms and movement correction can compensate for shifts in baseline fluorescence and extract electrical patterns from low signal-to-noise recordings. NOSA allows to efficiently identify oscillatory frequencies in electrical patterns, quantify neuronal response parameters and moreover provides an option for analyzing simultaneously recorded optical and electrical data derived from patch-clamp or other electrode-based recordings. To identify temporal relations between electrical activity patterns we implemented different options to perform cross correlation analysis, demonstrating their utility during voltage imaging in Drosophila and mice. All features combined, NOSA will facilitate the first steps into using GEVIs and help to realize their full potential for revealing cell-type specific connectivity and functional interactions.
Comparing different deep learning architectures for classification of chest radiographs
Creators: name: Bressem, Keno K.
name: Adams, Lisa C.
name: Erxleben, Christoph
name: Hamm, Bernd
name: Niehues, Stefan M.
name: Vahldiek, Janis L.
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Betacoronavirus
subject: Coronavirus Infections
subject: Deep Learning
subject: Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted
subject: Neural Networks, Computer
subject: Pandemics
subject: Pneumonia, Viral
subject: ROC Curve
subject: Radiography, Thoracic
subject: Sensitivity and Specificity
subject: Thorax
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Chest radiographs are among the most frequently acquired images in radiology and are often the subject of computer vision research. However, most of the models used to classify chest radiographs are derived from openly available deep neural networks, trained on large image datasets. These datasets differ from chest radiographs in that they are mostly color images and have substantially more labels. Therefore, very deep convolutional neural networks (CNN) designed for ImageNet and often representing more complex relationships, might not be required for the comparably simpler task of classifying medical image data. Sixteen different architectures of CNN were compared regarding the classification performance on two openly available datasets, the CheXpert and COVID-19 Image Data Collection. Areas under the receiver operating characteristics curves (AUROC) between 0.83 and 0.89 could be achieved on the CheXpert dataset. On the COVID-19 Image Data Collection, all models showed an excellent ability to detect COVID-19 and non-COVID pneumonia with AUROC values between 0.983 and 0.998. It could be observed, that more shallow networks may achieve results comparable to their deeper and more complex counterparts with shorter training times, enabling classification performances on medical image data close to the state-of-the-art methods even when using limited hardware.
Muscle Fascicles Exhibit Limited Passive Elongation Throughout the Rehabilitation of Achilles Tendon Rupture After Percutaneous Repair
Creators: name: Agres, Alison N.
name: Arampatzis, Adamantios
name: Gehlen, Tobias
name: Manegold, Sebastian
name: Duda, Georg N.
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: muscle-tendon unit
subject: achilles tendon rupture
subject: ultrasonography
subject: ultrasound
subject: rehabilitation
subject: achilles tendon – injuries
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Achilles tendon rupture (ATR) results in long-term functional and structural deficits, characterized by reduced ankle mobility and plantarflexor muscle atrophy. However, it remains unclear how such functional impairments develop after surgical repair. While it is known that this injury negatively affects the tendon's function, to date, limited work has focused on the short-term effect of ATR on the structure of the muscles in series. The aim of this study was to characterize changes in medial gastrocnemius architecture and its response to passive lengthening during the post-surgical rehabilitative period following ATR. Both injured and contralateral limbs from 10 subjects (1 female, BMI: 27.2 ± 3.9 kg/m2; age: 46 ± 10 years) with acute, unilateral ATR were assessed at 8, 12, and 16 weeks after percutaneous surgical repair. To characterize the component tissues of the muscle-tendon unit, resting medial gastrocnemius muscle thickness, fascicle length, and pennation angle were determined from ultrasound images with the ankle in both maximal plantarflexion and dorsiflexion. The ankle range of motion (ROM) was determined using motion capture; combined ultrasound and motion capture determined the relative displacement of the musculotendinous junction (MTJ) of the AT with the medial gastrocnemius. The ATR-injured gastrocnemius muscle consistently exhibited lower thickness, regardless of time point and ankle angle. Maximal ankle plantarflexion angles and corresponding fascicle lengths were lower on the injured ankle compared to the contralateral throughout rehabilitation. When normalized to the overall ankle ROM, both injured fascicles and MTJ displacement exhibited a comparably lower change in length when the ankle was passively rotated. These results indicate that when both ankles are passively exposed to the same ROM following ATR surgery, both ipsilateral Achilles tendon and gastrocnemius muscle fascicles exhibit limited lengthening compared to the contralateral MTU tissues. This appears to be consistent throughout the rehabilitation of gait, suggesting that current post-operative rehabilitative exercises do not appear to induce muscle adaptations in the affected MTU.
Statistical properties of the laser beam propagating in a turbulent medium
Creators: name: Kolokolov, Igor
name: Lebedev, Vladimir
name: Lushnikov, Pavel M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine statistical properties of a laser beam propagating in a turbulent medium. We prove that the intensity fluctuations at large propagation distances possess Gaussian probability density function and establish quantitative criteria for realizing the Gaussian statistics depending on the laser propagation distance, the laser beam waist, the laser frequency and the turbulence strength. We calculate explicitly the laser envelope pair correlation function and corrections to its higher order correlation functions breaking Gaussianity. We discuss also statistical properties of the brightest spots in the speckle pattern.
description: 14 pages, 2 figures
Individual strategies in complementarity games and population dynamics
Creators: name: Jost, Juergen
name: Li, Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce and study an evolutionary complementarity game where in each round a player of population 1 is paired with a member of population 2. The game is symmetric, and each player tries to obtain an advantageous deal, but when one of them pushes too hard, no deal at all can be concluded, and they both loose. The game has many equilibria, and which of them is reached depends on the history of the interactions as the players evolve according to a fitness function that measures their gains across the interactions. We can then break the symmetry by assigning different strategy spaces to the populations, varying in particular with respect to the information available to the agents. The agents can, for example, adapt to the behavior of their opponents met in previous rounds, or they can try to copy the strategies of their successful friends. It turns out that, in general, the more restricted strategy spaces, that is, those that utilize less information, are more advantageous for a population as a whole as their adoption drives the equilibrium in a direction advantageous to that population. One reason is that a simpler strategy can be learned faster in an evolutionary setting, another is that it is good for a population to have some individuals that are unfit in the sense that they make offers that are individually unsuccessful, but have a systematic effect on the strategies of their opponents. All these effects are demonstrated through systematic simulations.
description: 14 pages, 11 figures (please send Wei Li email if you need original figures)
patient satisfaction with room cleanliness.pdf
Creators: name: Duncan, Kathleen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 150310 Organisation and Management Theory
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Quality improvement doesn’t have to be difficult, technical or expensive. Sometimes the key to a positive change is obvious, but obscured by perspectives which miss that core role of the patient. Not only is the approach to quality improvement easy to implement, the financial and other costs are minimal. The outcome is likely to save both time and resources in the long term, particularly if it contributes to internalizing a higher standard for ensuring patient satisfaction. Just ask the patient. They will be able to do what no machine or screening instrument can evaluate with the same accuracy- the extent to which the patient is or is not satisfied. This article provides a review of case studies and research to support these findings.
Individualized Template MRI Is a Valid and Reliable Alternative to Individual MRI for Spatial Tracking in Navigated TMS Studies in Healthy Subjects
Creators: name: Fleischmann, Robert
name: Köhn, Arvid
name: Tränkner, Steffi
name: Brandt, Stephan A.
name: Schmidt, Sein
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: transcranial magnetic stimulation
subject: navigation
subject: spatial transformation
subject: primary motor cortex
subject: motor evoked potentials
subject: template magnetic resonance images
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Objectives: Navigated transcranial magnetic stimulation (nTMS) provides significant benefits over classic TMS. Yet, the acquisition of individual structural magnetic resonance images (MRIindividual) is a time-consuming, expensive, and not feasible prerequisite in all subjects for spatial tracking and anatomical guidance in nTMS studies. We hypothesize that spatial transformation can be used to adjust MRI templates to individual head shapes (MRIwarped) and that TMS parameters do not differ between nTMS using MRIindividual or MRIwarped. Materials and Methods: Twenty identical TMS sessions, each including four different navigation conditions, were conducted in 10 healthy subjects (one female, 27.4 ± 3.8 years), i.e., twice per subject by two researchers to additionally assess interrater reliabilities. MRIindividual were acquired for all subjects. MRIwarped were obtained through the spatial transformation of a template MRI following a 5-, 9-and 36-point head surface registration (MRIwarped_5, MRIwarped_9, MRIwarped_36). Stimulation hotspot locations, resting motor threshold (RMT), 500 μV motor threshold (500 μV-MT), and mean absolute motor evoked potential difference (MAD) of primary motor cortex (M1) examinations were compared between nTMS using either MRIwarped variants or MRIindividual and non-navigated TMS. Results: M1 hotspots were spatially consistent between MRIindividual and MRIwarped_36 (insignificant deviation by 4.79 ± 2.62 mm). MEP thresholds and variance were also equivalent between MRIindividual and MRIwarped_36 with mean differences of RMT by -0.05 ± 2.28% maximum stimulator output (%MSO; t (19) = -0.09, p = 0.923), 500 μV-MT by -0.15 ± 1.63%MSO (t (19) = -0.41, p = 0.686) and MAD by 70.5 ± 214.38 μV (t (19) = 1.47, p = 0.158). Intraclass correlations (ICC) of motor thresholds were between 0.88 and 0.97. Conclusions: NTMS examinations of M1 yield equivalent topographical and functional results using MRIindividual and MRIwarped if a sufficient number of registration points are used.
Replication at periodically changing multiplicity of infection promotes stable coexistence of competing viral populations
Creators: name: Wilke, Claus O.
name: Reissig, Daniel D.
name: Novella, Isabel S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: RNA viruses are a widely used tool to study evolution experimentally. Many standard protocols of virus propagation and competition are done at nominally low multiplicity of infection (m.o.i.), but lead during one passage to two or more rounds of infection, of which the later ones are at high m.o.i. Here, we develop a model of the competition between wild type (wt) and a mutant under a regime of alternating m.o.i. We assume that the mutant is deleterious when it infects cells on its own, but derives a selective advantage when rare and coinfecting with wt, because it can profit from superior protein products created by the wt. We find that, under these assumptions, replication at alternating low and high m.o.i. may lead to the stable coexistence of wt and mutant for a wide range of parameter settings. The predictions of our model are consistent with earlier observations of frequency-dependent selection in VSV and HIV-1. Our results suggest that frequency-dependent selection may be common in typical evolution experiments with viruses.
description: 12 pages, 2 figures; Evolution, in press
Angular distribution of fragments in neutron-induced nuclear fission at energies 1-200 MeV: data, theoretical models and relevant problems
Creators: name: Barabanov, A. L.
name: Vorobyev, A. S.
name: Gagarski, A. M.
name: Shcherbakov, O. A.
name: Vaishnene, L. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In recent years, investigations of angular distributions of fragments in neutron-induced nuclear fission have been extended to intermediate energies, up to 200 MeV, as well as to a wide range of target isotopes. Using as an example the latest data obtained by our group for the reaction 237-Np(n,f), we discuss the specific features of fission fragment angular distribution and present a method for their simulation based on the code TALYS. It is shown that a simplified model reasonably describes energy dependence of the angular distribution in the whole range 1-200 MeV. The ways to improve the model are discussed along with the possibilities to use it for obtaining new information on fission and pre-equilibrium processes in neutron-nucleus interaction. We consider also the relevant problems of describing fission fragment angular distributions.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures, Research was presented at the THEORY-5 Scientific Workshop on "Nuclear Fission Dynamics and the Emission of Prompt Neutrons and Gamma Rays", Castelvecchio Pascoli, Barga, Italy, September 24-26, 2019
IRAS 08544-4431 : a new post-AGB star in a binary system surrounded by a dusty disc
Creators: name: Maas, T.
name: Van Winckel, H.
name: Evans, T. Lloyd
name: Nyman, L. -A.
name: Kilkenny, D.
name: Martinez, P.
name: Marang, F.
name: van Wyk, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an analysis of our extensive data-set on IRAS 08544-4431. It is the first object we discuss of our newly defined sample of stars, selected for their position in the 'RV Tauri' box in the IRAS [12]-[25], [25]-[60] two-color diagram. Moreover, our selection criteria included an observed excess in the L-band, indicative of a dusty disc. The SED of IRAS 08544-4431 shows a broad IR excess starting already at H. Our optical photometric data reveal some evidence for deep and] shallow minima in the light curve and a pulsation time-scale of around 100 days with a small amplitude (peak-to-peak amplitude in V = 0.17 mag). Our CORALIE radial velocity measurements show that IRAS 08544-4431 is a binary system with a period of 499 +/- 3 days and a mass function of 0.02 M_sun. Moreover, IRAS 08544-4431 is detected in both the CO (2-1) and (1-0) mm-wave emission lines. The triangular shape of the weak CO profile confirms that part of the circumstellar material is not freely expanding but resides probably in a dusty circumbinary disc. Our chemical abundance analysis of a high resolution spectrum of high S/N reveals that a depletion process has modified the photospheric abundances to a moderate extent ([Zn/Fe]=+0.4). All these findings confirm that the F-type IRAS 08544-4431 is another good example of a binary Post-AGB star surrounded by a dusty disc. The H-alpha P-Cygni profile shows ongoing mass-loss with a very high outflow velocity, the origin of which is not understood. The strength and velocity of the H-alpha-absorption are modulated with the orbital motion; the maxima of both quantities (+/- 400 km/s, 5 Angstrom, respectively) occur at superior conjunction.
description: 14 pages, 13 figures
Additional file 2 of Recombinant-attenuated Salmonella enterica serovar Choleraesuis vector expressing the PlpE protein of Pasteurella multocida protects mice from lethal challenge
Creators: name: Zhou, Guodong
name: Tian, Jiashuo
name: Tian, Yichen
name: Ma, Qifeng
name: Li, Quan
name: Wang, Shifeng
name: Shi, Huoying
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Supplementary Material 2
Social enrichment by separated pair housing of male C57BL/6JRj mice
Creators: name: Hohlbaum, Katharina
name: Frahm, Silke
name: Rex, André
name: Palme, Rupert
name: Thöne-Reinke, Christa
name: Ullmann, Kristina
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: mice
subject: pair housing
subject: animal testing
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Laboratory male mice are often housed individually due to aggressive behavior or experimental requirements, though social isolation can cause welfare issues. As a strategy to refine housing of male mice, we introduce the separated pair housing system. A perforated transparent wall divides the cage into two compartments and allows olfactory, acoustic, and visual communication between the two mice but prevents fighting and injuries. Long-term effects of separated pair housing on well-being and distress of adult male C57BL/6JRj mice were investigated and compared with both single- and group-housed mice. Behavioral analysis after eight weeks in three different housing systems revealed no differences in burrowing performance, social interaction, anxiety, and stress hormone concentrations. However, pair-housed mice built more complex nests compared to single-housed mice and the nest position suggested that pair-housed mice preferred the close proximity to their cage mates. Moreover, pair-housed mice showed less locomotor activity compared to group- and single-housed mice. Body weight was higher in group-housed mice. All in all, no unambiguous long-term beneficial effects of pair housing on the well-being were found. However, the findings emphasized that effects of the housing systems on behavioral, physical, and biochemical parameters must be considered in the design of animal experimental studies.
Inter- and Intrarater Agreement of Spot Sign and Noncontrast CT Markers for Early Intracerebral Hemorrhage Expansion
Creators: name: Nawabi, Jawed
name: Elsayed, Sarah
name: Kniep, Helge
name: Sporns, Peter
name: Schlunk, Frieder
name: McDonough, Rosalie
name: Broocks, Gabriel
name: Dührsen, Lasse
name: Schön, Gerhard
name: Götz, Thomalla
name: Fiehler, Jens
name: Hanning, Uta
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: computed tomography
subject: intracranial hemorrhage
subject: hematoma expansion
subject: CT marker
subject: interrater reliability
subject: intrarater reliability
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Background: The aim of this study was to assess the inter- and intrarater reliability of noncontrast CT (NCCT) markers [Black Hole Sign (BH), Blend Sign (BS), Island Sign (IS), and Hypodensities (HD)] and Spot Sign (SS) on CTA in patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Methods: Patients with spontaneous ICH at three German tertiary stroke centers were retrospectively included. Each CT scan was rated for four NCCT markers and SS on CTA by two radiology residents. Raters were blind to all demographic and outcome data. Inter- and intrarater agreement was determined by Cohen's kappa (κ) coefficient and percentage of agreement. Results: Interrater agreement was excellent in 473 included patients, ranging from 96% to 99%. Interrater κ ranged from 0.85 (95% CI [0.78-0.91]) to 0.97 (95% CI [0.94-0.99]) for NCCT markers and 0.93 (95% CI [0.88-0.98]) for SS, all p-values < 0.001. Intrarrater agreement ranged from 96% to 100%, with κ ranging from 0.85 (95% CI [0.78-0.91]) to 1.00 (95% CI [0.10-0.85]) for NCCT markers and 0.96 (95% CI [0.92-1.00]) for SS, all p-values < 0.001. Conclusions: NCCT imaging findings and SS on CTA have good-to-excellent inter- and intrarater reliabilities, with the highest agreement for BH and SS.
The Art and Politics of Rewriting. Margaret Atwood’s Historical Notes on The Handmaid’s Tale
Creators: name: MICHAELA PRAISLER
name: OANA CELIA GHEORGHIU
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: Literature

description: Among the many frameworks of interpretation that Margaret Atwood’s dystopia (or ustopia, as she calls it) The Handmaid’s Tale allows, a particularly challenging one is its reading in/as palimpsest. Choosing not to favour an attempt at hierarchizing the narrative construction and the fabula contained in Offred’s spoken tale – transcribed from audiocassettes two centuries after the deployment of the Christian fundamentalist coup d’état that turned the United States into a horrifying inferno for women –, and also leaving on the sidelines the seductive, yet rather facile feminist evaluation that the novel invites, this paper focuses on metafiction and the rewriting of “herstory”, in an analysis of the ‘Historical Notes’ that conclude the novel, going backwards rather than forwards in tracing its art and politics.
A Comprehensive Catalogue of Variable Stars in the field of 47 Tucanae
Creators: name: Weldrake, David T F
name: Sackett, Penny D
name: Bridges, Terry J
name: Freeman, Kenneth C
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of a comprehensive search for stellar variability in the globular cluster 47 Tucanae. Using the Mount Stromlo 40-inch (1m) telescope at Siding Spring Observatory and a combined V+R filter, we have detected 100 variable stars across a 52$\times52'$ field centered on the cluster. Here we present the V+R lightcurves and preliminary investigations of the detected variables, which comprise 28 Eclipsing Binaries (21 contact binaries and 7 detached systems), 45 RR Lyrae stars (41 of which belong to the SMC and four seemingly to the Galactic Halo), and 20 K-giant Long Period Variables (LPVs). We also detected four $δ$ Scuti stars, one TypeI Cepheid, and one TypeII Cepheid. One variable appears to be a dust-enshrouded SMC star with a short period pulsation. Of these 100 variables, 69 are new discoveries. Our eclipsing binary sample indicates a radial segregation in period, and includes two binaries that are seemingly orbited by low-luminosity stellar companions. One RR Lyrae star shows a Blahzko effect with remarkable regularity.
description: 62 pages, 24 figures. Accepted for publication in AJ. For a full resolution version and variable star findercharts, see: http://www.mso.anu.edu.au/~dtfw
How are social determinants of health represented in German medical education?: a qualitative content analysis of key-curricular documents
Creators: name: Hommes, Franziska
name: Drees, Simon
name: Geffert, Karin
name: Philipsborn, Peter Von
name: Stratil, Jan M.
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: German medical education
subject: public health
subject: social medicine
subject: qualitative research
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Objective: The WHO Commission on Social Determinants of Health (SDH) has called for a health workforce trained in recognising, understanding and acting on the SDH. However, little is known about how current medical education prepares graduates for this challenge. This study analyses the extent to which the German medical education incorporates content on SDH. Design: Following a published protocol, in 2018, we conducted a qualitative and quantitative content analysis of three key document groups, defining and guiding what medical schools are expected to teach and what medical students are expected to know when graduating in Germany. We developed the coding system in a mixed inductive and deductive approach based on key WHO documents. Setting: Medical schools and the medical education system in Germany. Results: Important gaps exist in the representation of SDH in medical education in Germany. Between 3% and 27% of the analysed document-elements made reference to SDH and only 0%-3% of those document elements made explicit references to SDH. While some aspects were covered widely (eg, topics of occupational health, early childhood development and hygiene), other topics such as health inequalities or determinants outside of the healthcare system were not or hardly represented. Conclusions: A stronger and more explicit representation of SDH in German medical education is needed to prepare the new health workforce for current and future challenges in our globalised world and for medical schools to be socially accountable.
Learning Deep Graph Representations via Convolutional Neural Networks
Creators: name: Ye, Wei
name: Askarisichani, Omid
name: Jones, Alex
name: Singh, Ambuj
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Graph-structured data arise in many scenarios. A fundamental problem is to quantify the similarities of graphs for tasks such as classification. R-convolution graph kernels are positive-semidefinite functions that decompose graphs into substructures and compare them. One problem in the effective implementation of this idea is that the substructures are not independent, which leads to high-dimensional feature space. In addition, graph kernels cannot capture the high-order complex interactions between vertices. To mitigate these two problems, we propose a framework called DeepMap to learn deep representations for graph feature maps. The learned deep representation for a graph is a dense and low-dimensional vector that captures complex high-order interactions in a vertex neighborhood. DeepMap extends Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) to arbitrary graphs by generating aligned vertex sequences and building the receptive field for each vertex. We empirically validate DeepMap on various graph classification benchmarks and demonstrate that it achieves state-of-the-art performance.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2002.09846
Excited Random Walk
Creators: name: Benjamini, Itai
name: Wilson, David B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60J10

description: A random walk on Z^d is excited if the first time it visits a vertex there is a bias in one direction, but on subsequent visits to that vertex the walker picks a neighbor uniformly at random. We show that excited random walk on Z^d, is transient iff d>1.
description: 7 pages, v2 is journal version
Electrostatics of metal-graphene interfaces: sharp p-n junctions for electron-optical applications
Creators: name: Chaves, Ferney A.
name: Jimenez, David
name: Santos, Jaime E.
name: Boggild, Peter
name: Caridad, Jose M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Creation of sharp lateral p-n junctions in graphene devices, with transition widths well below the Fermi wavelength of graphene charge carriers, is vital to study and exploit these electronic systems for electron-optical applications. The achievement of such junctions is, however, not trivial due to the presence of a considerable out-of-plane electric field in lateral p-n junctions, resulting in large widths. Metal-graphene interfaces represent a novel, promising and easy to implement technique to engineer such sharp lateral p-n junctions in graphene field-effect devices, in clear contrast to the much wider (i.e. smooth) junctions achieved via conventional local gating. In this work, we present a systematic and robust investigation of the electrostatic problem of metal-induced lateral p-n junctions in gated graphene devices for electron-optics applications, systems where the width of the created junctions is not only determined by the metal used but also depends on external factors such as device geometries, dielectric environment and different operational parameters such as carrier density and temperature. Our calculations demonstrate that sharp junctions can be achieved via metal-graphene interfaces at room temperature in devices surrounded by dielectric media with low relative permittivity. In addition, we show how specific details such as the separation distance between metal and graphene and the permittivity of the gap in-between plays a critical role when defining the p-n junction, not only defining its width w but also the energy shift of graphene underneath the metal. These results can be extended to any two-dimensional (2D) electronic system doped by the presence of metal clusters and thus are relevant for understanding interfaces between metals and other 2D materials.
description: 48 pages, 9 figures
Optical microrheology using rotating laser-trapped particles
Creators: name: Bishop, Alexis I.
name: Nieminen, Timo A.
name: Heckenberg, Norman R.
name: Rubinsztein-Dunlop, Halina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate an optical system that can apply and accurately measure the torque exerted by the trapping beam on a rotating birefringent probe particle. This allows the viscosity and surface effects within liquid media to be measured quantitatively on a micron-size scale using a trapped rotating spherical probe particle. We use the system to measure the viscosity inside a prototype cellular structure.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures. v2: bibliographic details, minor text corrections
H3K9me3-mediated epigenetic regulation of senescence in mice predicts outcome of lymphoma patients
Creators: name: Schleich, Kolja
name: Kase, Julia
name: Dörr, Jan R.
name: Trescher, Saskia
name: Bhattacharya, Animesh
name: Yu, Yong
name: Wailes, Elizabeth M.
name: Fan, Dorothy N. Y.
name: Lohneis, Philipp
name: Milanovic, Maja
name: Lau, Andrea
name: Lenze, Dido
name: Hummel, Michael
name: Chapuy, Bjoern
name: Leser, Ulf
name: Reimann, Maurice
name: Lee, Soyoung
name: Schmitt, Clemens A.
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 3T3 Cells
subject: Gene Expression Profiling
subject: Histone Methyltransferases
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Lesion-based targeting strategies underlie cancer precision medicine. However, biological principles - such as cellular senescence - remain difficult to implement in molecularly informed treatment decisions. Functional analyses in syngeneic mouse models and cross-species validation in patient datasets might uncover clinically relevant genetics of biological response programs. Here, we show that chemotherapy-exposed primary Eµ-myc transgenic lymphomas - with and without defined genetic lesions - recapitulate molecular signatures of patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Importantly, we interrogate the murine lymphoma capacity to senesce and its epigenetic control via the histone H3 lysine 9 (H3K9)-methyltransferase Suv(ar)39h1 and H3K9me3-active demethylases by loss- and gain-of-function genetics, and an unbiased clinical trial-like approach. A mouse-derived senescence-indicating gene signature, termed "SUVARness", as well as high-level H3K9me3 lymphoma expression, predict favorable DLBCL patient outcome. Our data support the use of functional genetics in transgenic mouse models to incorporate basic biology knowledge into cancer precision medicine in the clinic.
Long-term gait measurements in daily life: Results from the Berlin Aging Study II (BASE-II)
Creators: name: Kielev, Jörn
name: Nuritdinow, Timur
name: Spira, Dominik
name: Buchmann, Nikolaus
name: Steinhagen-Thiessen, Elisabeth
name: Lederer, Christian
name: Daumer, Martin
name: Demuth, Ilja
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Aging Study
subject: Walking Ability
subject: BASE-II
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: BACKGROUND: Walking ability is an important prerequisite for activity, social participation and independent living. While in most healthy adults, this ability can be assumed as given, limitations in walking ability occur with increasing age. Furthermore, slow walking speed is linked to several chronic conditions and overall morbidity. Measurements of gait parameters can be used as a proxy to detect functional decline and onset of chronic conditions. Up to now, gait characteristics used for this purpose are measured in standardized laboratory settings. There is some evidence, however, that long-term measurements of gait parameters in the living environment have some advantages over short-term laboratory measurements. METHODS: We evaluated cross-sectional data from an accelerometric sensor worn in a subgroup of 554 participants of the Berlin Aging Study II (BASE-II). Data from the two BASE-II age groups (age between 22-36 years and 60-79 years) were used for the current analysis of accelerometric data for a minimum of two days and a maximum of ten days were available. Real world walking speed, number of steps, maximum coherent distance and total distance were derived as average data per day. Linear regression analyses were performed on the different gait parameters in order to identify significant determinants. Additionally, Mann-Whitney-U-tests were performed to detect sex-specific differences. RESULTS: Age showed to be significantly associated with real world walking speed and with the total distance covered per day, while BMI contributed negatively to the number of walking steps, maximum coherent distance and total distance walked. Additionally, sex was associated with walking steps. However, R2-values for all models were low. Overall, women had significantly more walking steps and a larger coherent distance per day when compared to men. When separated by age group, this difference was significant only in the older participants. Additionally, walking speed was significantly higher in women compared to men in the subgroup of older people. CONCLUSIONS: Age- and sex-specific differences have to be considered when objective gait parameters are measured, e.g. in the context of clinical risk assessment. For this purpose normative data, differentiating for age and sex would have to be established to allow reliable classification of long-term measurements of gait.
The Art and Politics of Rewriting. Margaret Atwood’s Historical Notes on The Handmaid’s Tale
Creators: name: OANA CELIA GHEORGHIU
name: MICHAELA PRAISLER
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: Literature

description: Among the many frameworks of interpretation that Margaret Atwood’s dystopia (or ustopia, as she calls it) The Handmaid’s Tale allows, a particularly challenging one is its reading in/as palimpsest. Choosing not to favour an attempt at hierarchizing the narrative construction and the fabula contained in Offred’s spoken tale – transcribed from audiocassettes two centuries after the deployment of the Christian fundamentalist coup d’état that turned the United States into a horrifying inferno for women –, and also leaving on the sidelines the seductive, yet rather facile feminist evaluation that the novel invites, this paper focuses on metafiction and the rewriting of “herstory”, in an analysis of the ‘Historical Notes’ that conclude the novel, going backwards rather than forwards in tracing its art and politics.
Erratum to “Expression Analysis of Fibronectin Type III Domain-Containing (FNDC) Genes in Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Colorectal Cancer”
Creators: name: Wuensch, Tilo
name: Wizenty, Jonas
name: Quint, Janina
name: Spitz, Wolfgang
name: Bosma, Madeleen
name: Becker, Olaf
name: Adler, Andreas
name: Veltzke-Schlieker, Wilfried
name: Stockmann, Martin
name: Weiss, Sascha
name: Biebl, Matthias
name: Pratschke, Johann
name: Aigner, Felix
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD)
subject: Colorectal cancer
subject: proteins
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: [This corrects the article DOI: 10.1155/2019/3784172.].
Correction: Mental disorders and mental health symptoms during imprisonment: A three-year follow-up study
Creators: name: Gabrysch, Caroline
name: Fritsch, Rosemarie
name: Priebe, Stefan
name: Mundt, Adrian P.
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: imprisonment
subject: mental disorders
subject: south america
subject: depression
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: [This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0213711.].
The Uncharted Past Of The Gāṁvkārīs
Creators: name: RODRIGUES, TENSING CARLOS
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: History
subject: Anthropology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Archaeology
subject: Geography
subject: Sociology

description: There are almost no studies of the village governance systems before the coming of the kṣatrīya and the brāmhaṇ in Koṁkaṇ, be it trans-Sahyādrī or on the coast, except for some very broad discussions like Maine’s Village Communities in the East and West or Baden-Powell’s Indian Village Community. [Maine, 1871; Baden-Powell, 1896] Almost all studies of the gāṁvkārīs in Goa begin with the Portuguese codification of the system, with just casual allusions to their origin in the hoary past; or, at best, as ‘o grande Albuqueque’ found them and signed a pact with them. Filippe Nery Xavier, for instance, quotes Madras Revenue Board to say that the ‘comunidades are at least as old as Manu’. [Xavier, 1907 : Bosquejo Historico das Comunidades das Aldeas dos Concelhos das Ilhas, Salcete e Bardez, Vol. 1, 65] Cunha Rivara equates the gāṁvkārīs to Hindu institutions : ‘Albuquerque promised the Hindus to maintain the tax that they paid to the earlier ruler.’ [Cunha Rivara, 1870 : Brados a Favor das Comunidades das Aldeias do Estado da India, 9]
Ballistocardiogram artifact reduction in simultaneous EEG-fMRI using deep learning
Creators: name: McIntosh, J. R.
name: Yao, J.
name: Hong, Linbi
name: Faller, J.
name: Sajda, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Objective: The concurrent recording of electroencephalography (EEG) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is a technique that has received much attention due to its potential for combined high temporal and spatial resolution. However, the ballistocardiogram (BCG), a large-amplitude artifact caused by cardiac induced movement contaminates the EEG during EEG-fMRI recordings. Removal of BCG in software has generally made use of linear decompositions of the corrupted EEG. This is not ideal as the BCG signal is non-stationary and propagates in a manner which is non-linearly dependent on the electrocardiogram (ECG). In this paper, we present a novel method for BCG artifact suppression using recurrent neural networks (RNNs). Methods: EEG signals were recovered by training RNNs on the nonlinear mappings between ECG and the BCG corrupted EEG. We evaluated our model's performance against the commonly used Optimal Basis Set (OBS) method at the level of individual subjects, and investigated generalization across subjects. Results: We show that our algorithm can generate larger average power reduction of the BCG at critical frequencies, while simultaneously improving task relevant EEG based classification. Conclusion: The presented deep learning architecture can be used to reduce BCG related artifacts in EEG-fMRI recordings. Significance: We present a deep learning approach that can be used to suppress the BCG artifact in EEG-fMRI without the use of additional hardware. This method may have scope to be combined with current hardware methods, operate in real-time and be used for direct modeling of the BCG.
Tomosvaryella argyrata De Meyer 1995
Creators: name: Motamedinia, Behnam
name: Skevington, Jeffrey H.
name: Kelso, Scott
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Pipunculidae
Tomosvaryella
Tomosvaryella argyrata

description: Tomosvaryella argyrata De Meyer, 1995
Fig. 50
 Diagnosis: Following De Meyer (1995), this species can be recognized by the shape of surstyli, broadened at base and gradually tapering toward apices in dorsal view, both surstyli slightly curved towards abdominal sternites in lateral view (De Meyer, 1995: fig. 9a); epandrium longer than wide, phallic guide slender and long in lateral view, hind femur ventrally with long pale setae (De Meyer, 1995: fig. 9b). Based on the shape of surstyli in dorsal view, this species is similar to T. pistacia Majnon-Jahromi & Kehlmaier in Majnon-Jahromi et al. 2017b (Fig. 32A) and T. argyratoides De Meyer, 1995 (Fig. 5A). It differs from both species by having long pale setae on the hind femur. Moreover, Tomosvaryella pistacia has wider epandrium and its surstyli are more angulate in lateral view (Fig. 32A, D, E).
 Distribution: Iran, Israel (Skevington 2020) (Fig. 50).
description: Published as part of Motamedinia, Behnam, Skevington, Jeffrey H. & Kelso, Scott, 2021, Revision of Tomosvaryella Aczél (Diptera: Pipunculidae) in the Middle East, with description of 19 new species, pp. 1-103 in Zootaxa 5002 (1) on page 16, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5002.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5122655
Chemical evolution of the intra-cluster medium
Creators: name: Moretti, A.
name: Portinari, L.
name: Chiosi, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The high metallicity of the intra-cluster medium (ICM) is generally interpreted on the base of the galactic wind scenario for elliptical galaxies. In this framework, we develop a toy-model to follow the chemical evolution of the ICM, formulated in analogy to chemical models for individual galaxies. The model computes the galaxy formation history (GFH) of cluster galaxies, connecting the final luminosity function (LF) to the corresponding metal enrichment history of the ICM. The observed LF can be reproduced with a smooth, Madau-plot like GFH peaking at z~ 1-2, plus a "burst" of formation of dwarf galaxies at high redshift. The model is used to test the response of the predicted metal content and abundance evolution of the ICM to varying input galactic models. The chemical enrichment is computed from "galactic yields" based on models of elliptical galaxies with a variable initial mass function (IMF), favouring the formation of massive stars at high redshift and/or in more massive galaxies. For a given final galactic luminosity, these model ellipticals eject into the ICM a larger quantity of gas and of metals than do standard models based on the Salpeter IMF. However, a scenario in which the IMF varies with redshift as a consequence of the effect of the the cosmic background temperature on the Jeans mass scale, appears to be too mild to account for the observed metal production in clusters. The high iron-mass-to-luminosity-ratio of the ICM can be reproduced only by assuming a more dramatic variation of the typical stellar mass, in line with other recent findings. The mass in the wind-ejected gas is predicted to exceed the mass in galaxies by a factor of 1.5-2 and to constitute roughly half of the intra-cluster gas.
description: 25 pages, 17 figures, accepted for publication in A&A