cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Against a proposed alternative explanation of the Aharonov-Bohm effect
Creators: name: Peshkin, Murray
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Aharonov-Bohm effect is understood to demonstrate that the Maxwell fields can act nonlocally in some situations. However it has been suggested from time to time that the AB effect is somehow a consequence of a local classical electromagnetic field phenomenon involving energy that is temporarily stored in the overlap between the external field and the field of which the beam particle is the source. That idea was shown in the past not to work for some models of the source of the external field. Here a more general proof is presented for the magnetic AB effect to show that the overlap energy is always compensated by another contribution to the energy of the magnetic field in such a way that the sum of the two is independent of the external flux. Therefore no such mechanism can underlie the Aharonov-Bohm effect.
description: 7 pages, 1 figure
Comments on "Limits on possible new nucleon monopole-dipole interactions from the spin relaxation rate of polarized $^3$He gas"
Creators: name: Petukhov, A. K.
name: Pignol, G.
name: Golub, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the article "Limits on possible new nucleon monopole-dipole interactions from the spin relaxation rate of polarized $^3$He gas", new limits on short-range, Axion-like interactions are presented. In this comment it is shown that the theoretical treatement of the data overestimates the sensitivity of the proposed method. We provide the corrected limits.
Reactions to Marin and Albanese show how women’s alcohol consumption is treated differently from men’s
Creators: name: Pennay, Amy
name: Caluzzi, Gabriel
name: MacLean, Sarah
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 441001
subject: Applied sociology, program evaluation and social impact assessment

description: Gendered expectations around alcohol are far from equal. Safety suggestions around alcohol and even the way that alcohol is marketed are very much dependent on gendered use and expectations.
The SAURON project - XVII. Stellar population analysis of the absorption line strength maps of 48 early-type galaxies
Creators: name: Kuntschner, Harald
name: Emsellem, Eric
name: Bacon, Roland
name: Cappellari, Michele
name: Davies, Roger L.
name: de Zeeuw, P. Tim
name: Falcón-Barroso, Jesús
name: Krajnović, Davor
name: McDermid, Richard M.
name: Peletier, Reynier F.
name: Sarzi, Marc
name: Shapiro, Kristen L.
name: Bosch, Remco C. E. van den
name: van de Ven, Glenn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: (Abridged) We present a stellar population analysis of the absorption line strength maps for 48 early-type galaxies from the SAURON sample. Using the line strength index maps of Hbeta, Fe5015, and Mgb, measured in the Lick/IDS system and spatially binned to a constant signal-to-noise, together with predictions from up-to-date stellar population models, we estimate the simple stellar population-equivalent (SSP-equivalent) age, metallicity and abundance ratio [alpha/Fe] over a two-dimensional field extending up to approximately one effective radius. We find a large range of SSP-equivalent ages in our sample, of which ~40% of the galaxies show signs of a contribution from a young stellar population. The most extreme cases of post-starburst galaxies, with SSP-equivalent ages of <=3 Gyr observed over the full field-of-view, and sometimes even showing signs of residual star-formation, are restricted to low mass systems(sigma_e <= 100 k/ms or ~2x10^10 M_sol). Spatially restricted cases of young stellar populations in circumnuclear regions can almost exclusively be linked to the presence of star-formation in a thin, dusty disk/ring, also seen in the near-UV or mid-IR. The flattened components with disk-like kinematics previously identified in all fast rotators (Krajnović et al.) are shown to be connected to regions of distinct stellar populations. These range from the young, still star-forming circumnuclear disks and rings with increased metallicity preferentially found in intermediate-mass fast rotators, to apparently old structures with extended disk-like kinematics, which are observed to have an increased metallicity and mildly depressed [alpha/Fe] ratio compared to the main body of the galaxy. The slow rotators generally show no stellar population signatures over and above the well known metallicity gradients and are largely consistent with old (>=10 Gyr) stellar populations.
description: Accepted by MNRAS, 37 pages, 16 figures. A version with full resolution maps is available at http://www.eso.org/~hkuntsch/papers/Kuntschner_SauronXVII.pdf
Entanglement spectrum of random-singlet quantum critical points
Creators: name: Fagotti, Maurizio
name: Calabrese, Pasquale
name: Moore, Joel E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The entanglement spectrum, i.e., the full distribution of Schmidt eigenvalues of the reduced density matrix, contains more information than the conventional entanglement entropy and has been studied recently in several many-particle systems. We compute the disorder-averaged entanglement spectrum, in the form of the disorder-averaged moments of the reduced density matrix, for a contiguous block of many spins at the random-singlet quantum critical point in one dimension. The result compares well in the scaling limit with numerical studies on the random XX model and is also expected to describe the (interacting) random Heisenberg model. Our numerical studies on the XX case reveal that the dependence of the entanglement entropy and spectrum on the geometry of the Hilbert space partition is quite different than for conformally invariant critical points.
description: 11 pages, 10 figures
GELATIO: a general framework for modular digital analysis of high-purity Ge detector signals
Creators: name: Agostini, M.
name: Pandola, L.
name: Zavarise, P.
name: Volynets, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: GELATIO is a new software framework for advanced data analysis and digital signal processing developed for the GERDA neutrinoless double beta decay experiment. The framework is tailored to handle the full analysis flow of signals recorded by high purity Ge detectors and photo-multipliers from the veto counters. It is designed to support a multi-channel modular and flexible analysis, widely customizable by the user either via human-readable initialization files or via a graphical interface. The framework organizes the data into a multi-level structure, from the raw data up to the condensed analysis parameters, and includes tools and utilities to handle the data stream between the different levels. GELATIO is implemented in C++. It relies upon ROOT and its extension TAM, which provides compatibility with PROOF, enabling the software to run in parallel on clusters of computers or many-core machines. It was tested on different platforms and benchmarked in several GERDA-related applications. A stable version is presently available for the GERDA Collaboration and it is used to provide the reference analysis of the experiment data.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures, submitted to JINST
Hill diversity profiles for community datasets analysed in this paper from Biodiversity–ecosystem function relationships change in sign and magnitude across the Hill diversity spectrum
Creators: name: Roswell, Michael
name: Harrison, Tina
name: Genung, Mark A.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Figure S1. Community datasets (line color) differed in both the shapes of the diversity profiles (Hill diversity vs. ℓ) and the degree to which diversity profiles differed between sites. For example, the grey-blue tree_carbon sites were all 1-Ha subplots from the contiguous BCI 50-Ha forest plot, and diversity profiles were very similar between subplots; by contrast the yellow bee_pollination sites (Floral visitors of Polemonium reptans) had variable structure with wide variety in richness (ℓ = 1, vertical solid lines), inverse dominance (large negative ℓ), and abundance (large positive ℓ). Each curve is the diversity profile for a single site; colors indicate a community dataset (set of sites within a region at which a single function was measured).
Disk-Jet Connection in Black Hole Sources
Creators: name: Mayur Shende
name: Subramanian, Prasad
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: galaxies: active – galaxies: jets – magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) – Sun: coronal mass ejections (CMEs) , accretion, accretion discs – galaxies: active

description: Several active galactic nuclei and microquasars exhibit interesting observational behavior in which significant dips in the X-ray light curve are followed by ejections of plasmoids at radio frequency that move at relativistic speeds. We envisage the plasmoids as pre-existing current carrying magnetic flux ropes that were initially anchored in the accretion disk-corona. The plasmoids are ejected outwards via a mechanism called the toroidal instability (TI). The TI, which was originally explored in the context of laboratory tokamak plasmas, has been very successful in explaining coronal mass ejections from the Sun. Our detailed model predictions compare favorably with a representative set of multi-epoch observations of radio emitting knots from the radio galaxy 3C 120. On the other hand, the temporal behaviour of X-rays is thought to arise from the rapid collapse of the hot, inner parts of their accretion disks. The collapse can occur over the radial infall time-scale of the inner accretion disk. However, estimates of this time-scale are hindered by a lack of knowledge of the operative viscosity in the collisionless plasma comprising the inner disk. We use published simulation results for cosmic ray diffusion through turbulent magnetic fields to arrive at a viscosity prescription appropriate to hot accretion disks. We construct simplified disk models using this viscosity prescription and estimate disk collapse time scales for 3C 120, 3C 111, and GRS 1915+105. The Shakura–Sunyaev α parameter resulting from our model ranges from 0.02 to 0.08. Our inner disk collapse time-scale estimates agree well with those of the observed X-ray dips. We find that the collapse time-scale is most sensitive to the outer radius of the hot accretion disk. Combining, our work outlines a plausible scenario for episodes of (inner) disk collapse accompanied by blob ejection.
Developing an iPad accessibility and usability evaluation tool for teachers of students with visual impairments
Creators: name: Jesso, Jennifer Elaine
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: With the increasing use of technology by young children in home and school environments, it is crucial that children with visual impairments have equal access to new developments in technology and that teachers of students with visual impairments have the necessary tools and training to support their students. This research sought to develop a rating scale for use by teachers of students with visual impairments for use in rating iPad apps for children on criteria of accessibility and usability while using the VoiceOver screen reader included in iOS accessibility features. The researcher also sought to examine the current state of VoiceOver accessibility of mainstream iPad apps designed for children. Six teachers of students with visual impairments used the draft scale to rate apps on accessibility and usability criteria, and their ratings were compared with the experiences of four adult iPad users who used VoiceOver. The scale had higher reliability among teachers’ ratings for accessibility criteria than for usability criteria, but teachers and VoiceOver users agreed well about overall app accessibility. Accessibility issues encountered in apps are discussed as well as changes to consider in a revised app rating scale for teachers.
Observational Evidence from SDSS for a Merger Origin of the Milky Way's Thick Disk
Creators: name: Dierickx, Marion
name: Klement, Rainer J.
name: Rix, Hans-Walter
name: Liu, Chao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We test competing models that aim at explaining the nature of stars in the Milky Way that are well away (|z|$\gtrsim$ 1kpc) from the midplane, the so-called thick disk: the stars may have gotten there through orbital migration, through satellite mergers and accretion, or through heating of pre-existing thin disk stars. Sales et al. (2009) proposed the eccentricity distribution of thick disk stars as a diagnostic to differentiate between these mechanisms. Drawing on SDSS DR7, we have assembled a sample of 34,223 G-dwarfs with 6-D phase-space information and metallicities, and have derived orbital eccentricities for them. Comparing the resulting eccentricity distributions, p(e|z), with the models, we find that: a) the observed p(e|z) is inconsistent with that predicted by orbital migration only, as there are more observed stars of high and of very low eccentricity; b) scenarios where the thick disk is made predominantly through abrupt heating of a pre-existing thin disk are also inconsistent, as they predict more high-eccentricity stars than observed; c) the observed p(e|z) fits well with a "gas-rich merger" scenario, where most thick disk stars were born from unsettled gas in situ.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures, 2 tables (Table 2 in electronic form only, available from http://www.mpia-hd.mpg.de/homes/rix/Data/Dierickx-etal-tab2.txt). Submitted to ApJL
Universal deformation rings and dihedral blocks with two simple modules
Creators: name: Bleher, Frauke M.
name: Llosent, Giovanna
name: Schaefer, Jennifer B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20C20

description: Let k be an algebraically closed field of characteristic 2, and let W be the ring of infinite Witt vectors over k. Suppose G is a finite group and B is a block of kG with a dihedral defect group D such that there are precisely two isomorphism classes of simple B-modules. We determine the universal deformation ring R(G,V) for every finitely generated kG-module V which belongs to B and whose stable endomorphism ring is isomorphic to k. The description by Erdmann of the quiver and relations of the basic algebra of B is usually only determined up to a certain parameter c which is either 0 or 1. We show that R(G,V) is isomorphic to a subquotient ring of WD for all V as above if and only if c=0, giving an answer to a question raised by the first author and Chinburg in this case. Moreover, we prove that c=0 if and only if B is Morita equivalent to a principal block.
description: 22 pages, 4 figures
A Matheuristic Approach for Solving a Simultaneous Lot Sizing and Scheduling Problem with Client Prioritization in Tire Industry
Creators: name: Koch, Cyril
name: Arbaoui, Taha
name: Ouazene, Yassine
name: Yalaoui, Farouk
name: De Brunier, Humbert
name: Jaunet, Nicolas
name: De Wulf, Antoine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper introduces an integrated lot sizing and scheduling problem inspired from a real-world application in off-the-road tire industry. This problem considers the assignment of different items on parallel machines with complex eligibility constraints within a finite planning horizon. It also considers a large panel of specific constraints such as: backordering, a limited number of setups, upstream resources saturation and customers prioritization. A novel mixed integer formulation is proposed with the objective of optimizing different normalized criteria related to the inventory and service level performance. Based on this mathematical formulation, a problem-based matheuristic method that solves the lot sizing and assignment problems separately is proposed to solve the industrial case. A computational study and sensitivity analysis are carried out based on real-world data with up to 170 products, 70 unrelated parallel machines and 42 periods. The obtained results show the effectiveness of the proposed approach on improving the company's solution. Indeed, the two most important KPIs for the management have been optimized of respectively 32% for the backorders and 13% for the overstock. Moreover, the computational time have been reduced significantly.
The magic nature of 132Sn explored through the single-particle states of 133Sn
Creators: name: Jones, K. L.
name: Adekola, A. S.
name: Bardayan, D. W.
name: Blackmon, J. C.
name: Chae, K. Y.
name: Chipps, K. A.
name: Cizewski, J. A.
name: Erikson, L.
name: Harlin, C.
name: Hatarik, R.
name: Kapler, R.
name: Kozub, R. L.
name: Liang, J. F.
name: Livesay, R.
name: Ma, Z.
name: Moazen, B. H.
name: Nesaraja, C. D.
name: Nunes, F. M.
name: Pain, S. D.
name: Patterson, N. P.
name: Shapira, D.
name: Shriner, J. F.
name: Smith, M. S.
name: Swan, T. P.
name: Thomas, J. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Atomic nuclei have a shell structure where nuclei with 'magic numbers' of neutrons and protons are analogous to the noble gases in atomic physics. Only ten nuclei with the standard magic numbers of both neutrons and protons have so far been observed. The nuclear shell model is founded on the precept that neutrons and protons can move as independent particles in orbitals with discrete quantum numbers, subject to a mean field generated by all the other nucleons. Knowledge of the properties of single-particle states outside nuclear shell closures in exotic nuclei is important for a fundamental understanding of nuclear structure and nucleosynthesis (for example the r-process, which is responsible for the production of about half of the heavy elements). However, as a result of their short lifetimes, there is a paucity of knowledge about the nature of single-particle states outside exotic doubly magic nuclei. Here we measure the single-particle character of the levels in 133Sn that lie outside the double shell closure present at the short-lived nucleus 132Sn. We use an inverse kinematics technique that involves the transfer of a single nucleon to the nucleus. The purity of the measured single-particle states clearly illustrates the magic nature of 132Sn.
description: 19 pages, 5 figures and 4 tables
X-ray emission of isolated AGNs in the Local Universe
Creators: name: Kompaniiets, O.
name: Vasylenko, A.
name: Vavilova, I.
name: Pulatova, N.
name: Babyk Iu.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: X-ray
Isolated galaxies
AGN

description: The sample of 61 isolated galaxies with AGNs was formed by cross-matching the 2MIG (2MASS Isolated Galaxy) catalogue with the Veron-Cetty catalogue of quasars and AGNs, where the restriction was used for Ks < 12.0 mag and Vr < 15 000 km/s (Pulatova et al. 2015, Karachentseva et al. 2010, Veron-Cetty+2010). These host galaxies had no merging at least 3~Gyrs, so this is could be the unique laboratory for recognizing their internal properties and physical parameters of accretion on the supermassive black holes outside of the environment.
 X-ray radiation of AGN commonly explained by thermal Comptonization of the soft UV/optical radiation, produced by the inner parts of accretion disk. This radiation is typically described by a power-law model and an exponential cut-off at high energies. In addition to these components in AGN`s spectrum there are the reflection components appear as "reflection hump" at ~ 20-30 keV and a Fe Kalpha near 6.4~keV. In the previous works (e.g., Vavilova et. al. 2015, Vasylenko et.al. 2020) we performed a spectral analysis of sample of several 2MIG isolated AGNs observed by the XMM-Newton, Chandra, and Swift/XRT.
 We found that these AGNs have smaller luminosity between 2-10 keV in comparison with the typical luminosity for the Seyfert galaxies, i.e. L2-10 keV ~ 1042 erg/s. The spectra of two sources, NGC 5347 and MCG-02-09-040, show the neutral Fe Kalpha emission line. The X-ray spectrum of NGC 5347 described by a pure reflection model with Ecut  ~ 117 keV and
 without signs of transmitted radiation. The X-ray spectrum of MCG-02-09-040 shows the presence of heavy neutral obscuration of NH ~ 1024 cm−2. In this work we also present preliminary results of the X-ray analysis of Sy2 NGC 3081 based on the Chandra and XMM-Newton observations in the 0.5-12.0 keV energy band.
description: {"references": ["Pulatova N.G., Vavilova I.B., Sawangwit U., Babyk Iu., Klimanov S. (2015). The 2MIG isolated AGNs \u2013 I. General and multiwavelength properties of AGNs and host galaxies in the northern sky, Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc., 447, 3, 2209\u20132223.", "Karachentseva V.E., Mitronova S.N., Melnyk O.V. et al. (2010). Catalog of isolated galaxies selected from the 2MASS survey. Astrophys. Bull., 65, 1\u201317.", "V\u00e9ron-Cetty M.-P., V\u00e9ron P. (2010). A catalogue of quasars and active nuclei: 13th edition, Astron. Astrophys., 518, id.A10.", "Vavilova I.B., Vasylenko A.A., Babyk Iu.V., Pulatova N.G. (2015). X-ray spectral properties of the isolated AGNs: NGC 1050, NGC 2989, ESO 317-038, ESO 438-009. Odessa Astron. Publ., 28(2), 150-153.", "Vasylenko A.A., Vavilova I.B., Pulatova N.G. (2020). Isolated AGNs NGC 5347, ESO 438-009, MCG-02-04-090, and J11366-6002: Swift and NuSTAR joined view. Astron. Nachr., 341, 8, 801-811."]}
Extracting non-Abelian quantum metric tensor and its related Chern numbers
Creators: name: Ding, Hai-Tao
name: Zhu, Yan-Qing
name: He, Peng
name: Liu, Yu-Guo
name: Wang, Jian-Te
name: Zhang, Dan-Wei
name: Zhu, Shi-Liang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The complete geometry of quantum states in parameter space is characterized by the quantum geometric tensor, which contains the quantum metric and Berry curvature as the real and imaginary parts, respectively. When the quantum states are degenerate, the quantum metric and Berry curvature take non-Abelian forms. The non-Abelian (Abelian) Berry curvature and Abelian quantum metric have been experimentally measured. However, an experimentally feasible scheme to extract all the components of the non-Abelian quantum metric tensor is still lacking. Here we propose a generic protocol to directly extract the non-Abelian quantum metric tensor in arbitrary degenerate quantum states in any dimensional parameter space, based on measuring the transition probabilities after parameter quenches. Furthermore, we show that the non-Abelian quantum metric can be measured to obtain the real Chern number of a generalized Dirac monopole and the second Chern number of a Yang monopole, which can be simulated in three and five-dimensional parameter space of artificial quantum systems, respectively. We also demonstrate the feasibility of our quench scheme for these two applications with numerical simulations.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
How Many Infrared Dark Clouds can form Massive Stars and Clusters?
Creators: name: Kauffmann, Jens
name: Pillai, Thushara
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new assessment of the ability of Infrared Dark Clouds (IRDCs) to form massive stars and clusters. This is done by comparison with an empirical mass-size threshold for massive star formation (MSF). We establish m(r)>870M_sun(r/pc)^1.33 as a novel approximate MSF limit, based on clouds with and without MSF. Many IRDCs, if not most, fall short of this threshold. Without significant evolution, such clouds are unlikely MSF candidates. This provides a first quantitative assessment of the small number of IRDCs evolving towards MSF. IRDCs below this limit might still form stars and clusters of up to intermediate mass, though (like, e.g., the Ophiuchus and Perseus Molecular Clouds). Nevertheless, a major fraction of the mass contained in IRDCs might reside in few 10^2 clouds sustaining MSF.
description: accepted to The Astrophysical Journal Letters; not yet including second set of referee comments
Self-Supervised Approach to Addressing Zero-Shot Learning Problem
Creators: name: Okerinde, Ademola
name: Hoggatt, Sam
name: Lakkireddy, Divya Vani
name: Brubaker, Nolan
name: Hsu, William
name: Shamir, Lior
name: Spiesman, Brian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In recent years, self-supervised learning has had significant success in applications involving computer vision and natural language processing. The type of pretext task is important to this boost in performance. One common pretext task is the measure of similarity and dissimilarity between pairs of images. In this scenario, the two images that make up the negative pair are visibly different to humans. However, in entomology, species are nearly indistinguishable and thus hard to differentiate. In this study, we explored the performance of a Siamese neural network using contrastive loss by learning to push apart embeddings of bumblebee species pair that are dissimilar, and pull together similar embeddings. Our experimental results show a 61% F1-score on zero-shot instances, a performance showing 11% improvement on samples of classes that share intersections with the training set.
Optimality in Noisy Importance Sampling
Creators: name: Llorente, Fernando
name: Martino, Luca
name: Read, Jesse
name: Delgado-Gómez, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this work, we analyze the noisy importance sampling (IS), i.e., IS working with noisy evaluations of the target density. We present the general framework and derive optimal proposal densities for noisy IS estimators. The optimal proposals incorporate the information of the variance of the noisy realizations, proposing points in regions where the noise power is higher. We also compare the use of the optimal proposals with previous optimality approaches considered in a noisy IS framework.
MOESM1 of Hepatotoxicity and the role of the gut-liver axis in rats after oral administration of titanium dioxide nanoparticles
Creators: name: Chen, Zhangjian
name: Zhou, Di
name: Han, Shuo
name: Zhou, Shupei
name: Jia, Guang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biochemistry
Medicine
Pharmacology
Biotechnology
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Key parameters for metabolite identification by Compound Discoverer software. Table S2. 29 differential metabolites in liver tissues of rats exposed to TiO2 NPs orally for 90 days, analyzing by OPLS-DA method. Table S3. Pathway analysis of differential metabolites in liver tissues of rats orally exposed to TiO2 NPs. Table S4. Significant differential metabolic pathways of gut microbiota induced by TiO2 NPs, predicting by Tax4Fun. Table S5. Key parameters for GC-MS/MS analysis. Figure S1.Body weight of the rats after gastrointestinal exposure to TiO2 nanoparticles for 90 days (mean ± SD, n = 6). Figure S2. Food intake of the rats after gastrointestinal exposure to TiO2 nanoparticles for 90 days (mean ± SD, n = 6). Figure S3. Differential metabolites between the liver samples in the control and TiO2 NPs (50 mg/kg) treated group. V Score Map of metabolites using OPLS-DA model. Figure S4. The structure and composition of gut microbiota communities at class, order, family and genus level (Top ten). Figure S5. Detection of elements in liver tissues of rats after oral administration of TiO2 NPs for 90 days.
Finding Your Way Through the Jungle of Big Data Architectures
Creators: name: Priebe, Torsten
name: Neumaier, Sebastian
name: Markus, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper presents a systematic review of common analytical data architectures based on DAMA-DMBOK and ArchiMate. The paper is work in progress and provides a first view on Gartner's Logical Data Warehouse paradigm, Data Fabric and Dehghani's Data Mesh proposal as well as their interdependencies. It furthermore sketches the way forward how this work can be extended by covering more architecture paradigms (incl. classic Data Warehouse, Data Vault, Data Lake, Lambda and Kappa architectures) and introducing a template with among others "context", "problem" and "solution" descriptions, leading ultimately to a pattern system providing guidance for choosing the right architecture paradigm for the right situation.
description: 3 pages, 4 figures
Supplementary figures 1-5. from Detecting parallel polygenic adaptation to novel evolutionary pressure in wild populations: a case study in Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua)
Creators: name: Reid, Brendan N.
name: Star, Bastiaan
name: Pinsky, Malin L.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology

description: Populations can adapt to novel selection pressures through dramatic frequency changes in a few genes of large effect or subtle shifts in many genes of small effect. The latter (polygenic adaptation) is expected to be the primary mode of evolution for many life-history traits but tends to be more difficult to detect than changes in genes of large effect. Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) were subjected to intense fishing pressure over the twentieth century, leading to abundance crashes and a phenotypic shift toward earlier maturation across many populations. Here, we use spatially replicated temporal genomic data to test for a shared polygenic adaptive response to fishing using methods previously applied to evolve-and-resequence experiments. Cod populations on either side of the Atlantic show covariance in allele frequency change across the genome that are characteristic of recent polygenic adaptation. Using simulations, we demonstrate that the degree of covariance in allele frequency change observed in cod is unlikely to be explained by neutral processes or background selection. As human pressures on wild populations continue to increase, understanding and attributing modes of adaptation using methods similar to those demonstrated here will be important in identifying the capacity for adaptive responses and evolutionary rescue.This article is part of the theme issue ‘Detecting and attributing the causes of biodiversity change: needs, gaps and solutions’.
Asymptotically AdS Magnetic Branes in (n+1)-dimensional Dilaton Gravity
Creators: name: Dehghani, M. H.
name: Bazrafshan, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new class of asymptotically AdS magnetic solutions in ($n+1$)-dimensional dilaton gravity in the presence of an appropriate combination of three Liouville-type potentials. This class of solutions is asymptotically AdS in six and higher dimensions and yields a spacetime with longitudinal magnetic field generated by a static brane. These solutions have no curvature singularity and no horizons but have a conic geometry with a deficit angle. We find that the brane tension depends on the dilaton field and approaches a constant as the coupling constant of dilaton field goes to infinity. We generalize this class of solutions to the case of spinning magnetic solutions and find that, when one or more rotation parameters are nonzero, the brane has a net electric charge which is proportional to the magnitude of the rotation parameters. Finally, we use the counterterm method inspired by AdS/CFT correspondence and compute the conserved quantities of these spacetimes. We found that the conserved quantities do not depend on the dilaton field, which is evident from the fact that the dilaton field vanishes on the boundary at infinity.
description: 15 pages
Energy-Momentum Distribution of Non-Static Plane Symmetric Spacetimes in GR and TPT
Creators: name: Amir, M. Jamil
name: Ali, Sarfraz
name: Ismaeel, Tariq
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper is devoted to explore the energy-momentum of non-static plane symmetric spacetimes in the context of General Relativity and teleparallel theory of gravity. For this purpose, we use four prescriptions, namely, Einstein, Landau-Lifshitz, Bergmann-Thomson and Møller in both theories. It is shown that the results for the first three prescriptions turn out to be same in both the theories but different for last prescription. It is mentioning here that our results coincide with the results obtained by Sharif and kanwal [1] for Bell-Szekeres metric under certain choice of the metric functions.
description: 18 pages
Super-star clusters versus OB associations
Creators: name: Weidner, Carsten
name: Bonnell, Ian A.
name: Zinnecker, Hans
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Super Star Clusters (Mecl > 10^5 Msol) are the largest stellar nurseries in our local Universe, containing hundreds of thousands to millions of young stars within a few light years. Many of these systems are found in external galaxies, especially in pairs of interacting galaxies, and in some dwarf galaxies, but relatively few in disk galaxies like our own Milky Way. We show that a possible explanation for this difference is the presence of shear in normal spiral galaxies which impedes the formation of the very large and dense super star clusters but prefers the formation of loose OB associations possibly with a less massive cluster at the center. In contrast, in interacting galaxies and in dwarf galaxies, regions can collapse without having a large-scale sense of rotation. This lack of rotational support allows the giant clouds of gas and stars to concentrate into a single, dense and gravitationally bound system.
description: uses emulateapj-rtx4.cls, 7 pages, 6 figures, 2 tables, accepted for publication by ApJ
Upgrading Low-Grade Graphite Tailing into High-Grade Graphite in Pilot Scale using Agglomeration
Creators: name: Arachchige, Sasid Mushmika
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 91404 Mineral Processing/Beneficiation
subject: FOS: Environmental engineering

description: Froth floatation is the only beneficiation technique currently need for low-grade Graphite. Liberation of Graphite from Graphite bearing rocks for the froth flotation is more prominent using wet grinding techniques with grinding mills. This generates a high amount of Graphite fines of size less than 100 microns which ultimately mixed with tailing and discarded as waste without further recovery of Graphite. This occurs as the froth flotation process is optimum for recovering a range of particle sizes between (100 to 200) microns. Agglomeration of Graphite fines has been proven to be a possible by size enlargement technique proven by previous studies. In the initial stages of the study, the character of the low-grade Graphite tailing samples obtained from the column flotation plant of Ragedara Graphite mine was characterised by carrying out analysis on particle size distribution and the amount of fixed carbon according with the American Standards for Testing Materials (ASTM). In the latter stages of this comprehensive study, the amenability of the agglomeration of Graphite for the beneficiation of low grade Graphite tailing samples containing 23.4% to 25.5% of fixed Carbon from Ragedara Graphite mines was assessed by varying bridging liquid to tailing ratio for optimum purity and recovery of Graphite. The study continued with increasing the sample size from 1 kg to 25 kg for variations in purity and recovery of upgraded Graphite for a fixed bridging liquid to tailing ratio. The surface structural changes of upgraded Graphite was observed with comparison to Natural Vein Graphite (NVG) using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The beneficiation study has been able to obtain a concentrate with 88% fixed Carbon at a recovery of 69.6% for 25 kg sample suggesting its amenability to be implemented in commercial scale with periodic iterations for upgrading over 99+% fixed Carbon. The results from the SEM study in similar topographies using three different magnifications (x120, x1000 and x12000) have suggested no significant changes between the untreated NVG and the agglomerated NVG. With respect to the froth flotation process, this novel processing method has a low water requirement and ability to process tailing with any purity, while cutting off the time for the separation of Graphite and also reduce the loss of the Graphite fines to the tailing, while improving sustainability of the process.
ISERME2019_ConferenceAbstract_Mushmika.pdf
Creators: name: Arachchige, Sasid Mushmika
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 91404 Mineral Processing/Beneficiation
subject: FOS: Environmental engineering

description: Froth floatation is the only beneficiation technique currently need for low-grade Graphite. Liberation of Graphite from Graphite bearing rocks for the froth flotation is more prominent using wet grinding techniques with grinding mills. This generates a high amount of Graphite fines of size less than 100 microns which ultimately mixed with tailing and discarded as waste without further recovery of Graphite. This occurs as the froth flotation process is optimum for recovering a range of particle sizes between (100 to 200) microns. Agglomeration of Graphite fines has been proven to be a possible by size enlargement technique proven by previous studies. In the initial stages of the study, the character of the low-grade Graphite tailing samples obtained from the column flotation plant of Ragedara Graphite mine was characterised by carrying out analysis on particle size distribution and the amount of fixed carbon according with the American Standards for Testing Materials (ASTM). In the latter stages of this comprehensive study, the amenability of the agglomeration of Graphite for the beneficiation of low grade Graphite tailing samples containing 23.4% to 25.5% of fixed Carbon from Ragedara Graphite mines was assessed by varying bridging liquid to tailing ratio for optimum purity and recovery of Graphite. The study continued with increasing the sample size from 1 kg to 25 kg for variations in purity and recovery of upgraded Graphite for a fixed bridging liquid to tailing ratio. The surface structural changes of upgraded Graphite was observed with comparison to Natural Vein Graphite (NVG) using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The beneficiation study has been able to obtain a concentrate with 88% fixed Carbon at a recovery of 69.6% for 25 kg sample suggesting its amenability to be implemented in commercial scale with periodic iterations for upgrading over 99+% fixed Carbon. The results from the SEM study in similar topographies using three different magnifications (x120, x1000 and x12000) have suggested no significant changes between the untreated NVG and the agglomerated NVG. With respect to the froth flotation process, this novel processing method has a low water requirement and ability to process tailing with any purity, while cutting off the time for the separation of Graphite and also reduce the loss of the Graphite fines to the tailing, while improving sustainability of the process.
Spatially resolved optical IFU spectroscopy of the inner superwind of NGC 253
Creators: name: Westmoquette, M. S.
name: Smith, L. J.
name: Gallagher, J. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: [abridged] We present optical integral field unit observations (VLT/VIMOS-IFU and WIYN/SparsePak), and associated archival deep Halpha imaging (ESO 2.2m WFI), of the nearby starburst galaxy NGC253. With VIMOS we observed the nuclear region and southern superwind outflow in detail with five pointings, and with SparsePak we observed two partially overlapping regions covering the central disk and northern halo. The high signal-to-noise of the data and spectral resolution (80-90 km/s) enable us to accurately decompose the emission line profiles into multiple components. The combination of these datasets, together with information available in the literature, has allowed us to study the starburst-driven superwind in great detail. We investigate the known minor axis outflow cone, which is well-defined in the Halpha imaging and kinematics between r=280-660 pc from the nucleus. Kinematic modelling indicates a wide opening angle (~60 deg), an inclination consistent with the disk, and deprojected outflow speeds of a few 100 km/s that increase with distance above the plane. The [NII]/Halpha and [SII]/Halpha line ratio maps imply that a significant fraction of the wind optical emission lines arise from shocked gas. From the kinematics, the cone appears partially closed in at least one place, and very broad Halpha line widths (>400 km/s FWHM) suggest there is material filling the cone in some regions. Extrapolation of the cone to its apex shows it is not centred on the starburst nucleus, suggesting the wind is deflected and collimated by the dense circumnuclear material. We discuss the implications of these findings on our understanding of the origins and evolution of the superwind. The lack of an obvious connection between the inner (r<1 kpc) Halpha and X-ray bright outflow cone and the large-scale (r<10 kpc) X-ray "horns" is also discussed.
description: 24 pages, 20 figures and 2 tables, accepted in MNRAS
Modulation of stochastic vestibular stimulation-induced reflexes within a dynamic balance paradigm : the effect of response phase and emotional state
Creators: name: Lim, Shannon B
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: The vestibular system is a complex network that plays an important role in balance control. When postural perturbations are exerted on the individual, it appears that the vestibular system plays a role in modulating the amplitude of the responses. The vestibular system is also susceptible to changes in psychosocial and autonomic states. Despite these findings, the inability to precisely record from and directly manipulate the system has hindered the field in completely understanding how the vestibular system is involved in balance. Therefore, the purposes of this thesis were 1) to investigate if there was phase-dependent modulation of the vestibular reflex during the postural responses and 2) to determine if the vestibular reflex was altered with postural threat. Stochastic vestibular stimulation (SVS) was used to electrically probe the vestibular system while participants stood on a rotating platform. The vestibular reflex was analyzed by estimating the vestibulo-muscular (SVS-EMG) relationship using time-dependent SVS-EMG coherence throughout the postural response for the first purpose while, for the second purpose, SVS-EMG coherence, cumulant density, and gain were calculated between non-threatening and threatening conditions. Results from this thesis were unable to determine if there were phase-dependent modulations of the SVS-induced vestibular reflex. However, further testing and pilot data provides a promising method for further investigation. Furthermore, an increase gain in and coupling of the vestibular reflex was observed in the most muscles while a decrease in coupling was observed for the paraspinal muscles in the threatening situation. These results suggest that the central nervous system has the ability to prepare the body for responding to an upcoming postural perturbation by optimizing the vestibular output to the muscles.
Study of $ππ$ correlations at LHC and RHIC energies in $pp$ collisions within the quark-gluon string model
Creators: name: Nilsson, M. S.
name: Malinina, L. V.
name: Bleibel, J.
name: Bravina, L. V.
name: Zabrodin, E. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Quark Gluon String Model (QGSM) reproduces well the global characteristics of the $pp$ collisions at RHIC and LHC, e.g., the pseudorapidity and transverse momenta distributions at different centralities. The main goal of this work is to employ the Monte Carlo QGSM for description of femtoscopic characteristics in $pp$ collisions at RHIC and LHC. The study is concentrated on the low multiplicity and multiplicity averaged events, where no collective effects are expected. The different procedures for fitting the one-dimensional correlation functions of pions are studied and compared with the space-time distributions extracted directly from the model. Particularly, it is shown that the double Gaussian fit reveals the contributions coming separately from resonances and from directly produced particles. The comparison of model results with the experimental data favors decrease of particle formation time with rising collision energy.
description: 9 pages, 14 figures, 2 tables
Additional file 1 of Differences and similarities of high-resolution computed tomography features between pneumocystis pneumonia and cytomegalovirus pneumonia in AIDS patients
Creators: name: Du, Chun-Jing
name: Liu, Jing-Yuan
name: Chen, Hui
name: Yan, Shuo
name: Pu, Lin
name: Xiong, Hao-Feng
name: Xiang, Pan
name: Li, Chuan-Sheng
name: Zhang, Ming
name: Xie, Ru-Ming
name: Chen, Bu-Dong
name: Li, Ang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Correlation analysis of consolidations’ occurrence between pneumocystis pneumonia and cytomegalovirus pneumonia patients.