cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
L’envers de la « ville aymara ». Migration rurale, mobilité intra-urbaine et mobilisations politiques à El Alto (Bolivie)
Creators: name: Poupeau, Franck
name: Poupeau, Franck
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development

description: The political emergence of rural world in Bolivian politics is often analysed through the prism of El Alto, incarnation of the “rebel city”, that is supposed to be populated by migrants from Aymara communities of the Altiplano. This vision of a rural world transposing its traditions of struggle and its collective forms of organisation into an urban context is not only used to explain the demographical growth of the city, but also the emergence of political mobilisations against the privatization of natural resources and urban services. The objective of this article is to question this interpretative scheme of rural migration. The argument is based on an investigation about the unequal access to water in El Alto, that reveals urban aspirations of living. This analysis of socio-spatial inequalities of access to water, combining ethnography, cartography and statistical distribution of a questionnaire of a sample of population issues from peripheral areas, will show the importance of familial strategies of installation to access to property in those expanding zones. A sociological perspective upon recent transformations of urban space will include the study of the effects of these transformations upon social relations, political opinions and identities. This investigation will show another side of the “Aymara city”, with the importance of territorial identification and urban aspirations upon mobilisations for basic services.
CP violation in B meson decays
Creators: name: Gronau, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent CP asymmetry measurements in tree-dominated processes, $B^0\to π^+π^-, ρ^+ρ^-, ρ^{\pm}π^{\mp}, B^+\to DK^+$, and in penguin-dominated decays, $B \to π^0 K_S, η' K_S, ϕK_S$, are interpreted in the framework of the Kobayashi-Maskawa (KM) mechanism of CP violation. The KM phase emerges as the dominant source of CP violation in tree-dominated decays, which are beginning to constrain the unitarity triangle beyond other constraints. Improving precision of CP asymmetry measurements in penguin-dominated decays may indicate the need for new physics.
description: Talk presented at the Sixth International Conference on Hyperons, Charm and Beauty Hadrons, IIT, Chicago, June 27--July 3 2004
A propos de la capacité à survivre des coopératives : une étude de la relation entre âge et mortalité des organisations coopératives agricoles françaises
Creators: name: Rousselière, Damien
name: Joly, Iragäel
name: Rousselière, Damien
name: Joly, Iragäel
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: Agribusiness
Agricultural and Food Policy

description: Numerous works in industrial organization and ecology of organizations have raised recently the question of the link between age and mortality of an organization. The paper tests four theoretical propositions about this link. We compare the survival of the French agricultural cooperatives with their competitors. We apply a semi-parametric duration model for discrete time (cloglog) taking into account unobserved heterogeneity and isolating the age and the period effects. The study shows the specific temporal dynamics of cooperatives. Some explanations of this result are derived from insights on the competition between organizations.
Quasiparticle Dissipation in d-wave Superconductor Phase Qubit
Creators: name: Kawabata, Shiro
name: Kashiwaya, Satoshi
name: Asano, Yasuhiro
name: Tanaka, Yukio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent phase sensitive experiments on high Tc superconductors, e.g., YBa_2Cu_3O_7 single crystals, have established the d-wave nature of the cuprate materials. Here we discuss how to make use of d-wave Josephson junctions in the construction of a phase qubit. We especially focus on the effect of quasiparticle dissipation on the macroscopic quantum tunneling which corresponds to the measurement process for the d-wave phase qubit.
description: 3 pages, 1 figure, The Seventh International Conference on Quantum Communication, Measurement and Computing, Glasgow, UK, from 25th to 29th July 2004. To appear in the AIP Conference Proceedings
An Efficient Routing Protocol in Mobile Ad-hoc Networks by using Artificial Immune System
Creators: name: Sarkohaki, Fatemeh
name: Fotohi, Reza
name: Ashrafian, Vahab
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Performance (cs.PF)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Characteristics of the mobile ad-hoc networks such as nodes high mobility and limited energy are regarded as the routing challenges in these networks. OLSR protocol is one of the routing protocols in mobile ad hoc network that selects the shortest route between source and destination through Dijkstra's algorithm. However, OLSR suffers from a major problem. It does not consider parameters such as nodes energy level and links length in its route processing. This paper employs the artificial immune system (AIS) to enhance efficiency of OLSR routing protocol. The proposed algorithm, called AIS-OLSR, considers hop count, remaining energy in the intermediate nodes, and distance among node, which is realized by negative selection and ClonalG algorithms of AIS. Widespread packet - level simulation in ns-2 environment, shows that AIS-OLSR outperforms OLSR and EA-OLSR in terms of packet delivery ratio, throughput, end-end delay and lifetime.
description: 8 pages, 10 figures, journal
The nine Morse generic tetrahedra
Creators: name: Siersma, D.
name: van Manen, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 51M20, 68U05, 05B40, 55R80

description: From computational geometry comes the notion of a Gabriel graph of a point set in the plane. The Gabriel graph consists of those edges connecting two points of the point set such that the circle whose diameter is the edge does not contain any point of the point set in its interior. We define a generalization of the Gabriel graph to $n$ dimensions: the Morse poset. Using Morse theory we prove that for a generic set of 4 points in $\bR^3$ there are nine different Morse posets, up to combinatorial equivalence. At the end we mention some open questions and report on the results of computer experiments concerning these. We also compare our shape classification to another criterion widely used in computer science.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures
Geometric approach to quantum statistical inference
Creators: name: Jarzyna, Marcin
name: Kolodynski, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study quantum statistical inference tasks of hypothesis testing and their canonical variations, in order to review relations between their corresponding figures of merit---measures of statistical distance---and demonstrate the crucial differences which arise in the quantum regime in contrast to the classical setting. In our analysis, we primarily focus on the geometric approach to data inference problems, within which the aforementioned measures can be neatly interpreted as particular forms of divergences that quantify distances in the space of probability distributions or, when dealing with quantum systems, of density matrices. Moreover, with help of the standard language of Riemannian geometry we identify both the metrics such divergences must induce and the relations such metrics must then naturally inherit. Finally, we discuss exemplary applications of such a geometric approach to problems of quantum parameter estimation, "speed limits" and thermodynamics.
description: 20 pages (+ bibliography), accepted for publication in IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Information Theory
Entanglement in a Two-Qubit Ising Model Under a Site-Dependent External Magnetic Field
Creators: name: Terzis, Andreas F.
name: Paspalakis, Emmanuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the ground state and the thermal entanglement in the two-qubit Ising model interacting with a site-dependent magnetic field. The degree of entanglement is measured by calculating the concurrence. For zero temperature and for certain direction of the applied magnetic field, the quantum phase transition observed under a uniform external magnetic field disappears once a very small non-uniformity is introduced. Furthermore, we have shown analytically and confirmed numerically that once the direction of one of the magnetic field is along the Ising axis then no entangled states can be produced, independently of the degree of non-uniformity of the magnetic fields on each site.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures
An Artificial Immune Based Approach for Detection and Isolation Misbehavior Attacks in Wireless Networks
Creators: name: Behzad, Shahram
name: Fotohi, Reza
name: Balov, Jaber Hosseini
name: Rabipour, Mohammad Javad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Performance (cs.PF)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: MANETs (Mobile Ad-hoc Networks) is a temporal network, which is managed by autonomous nodes, which have the ability to communicate with each other without having fixed network infrastructure or any central base station. Due to some reasons such as dynamic changes of the network topology, trusting the nodes to each other, lack of fixed substructure for the analysis of nodes behaviors and loss of specific offensive lines, this type of networks is not supportive against malicious nodes attacks. One of these attacks is black hole attack. In this attack, the malicious nodes absorb data packets and destroy them. Thus, it is essential to present an algorithm against the black hole attacks. This paper proposed a new approach, which improvement the security of DSR routing protocol to encounter the black hole attacks. This schema tries to identify malicious nodes according to nodes behaviors in a MANETs and isolate them from routing. The proposed protocol, called AIS-DSR (Artificial Immune System DSR) employ AIS (Artificial Immune System) to defend against black hole attacks. AIS-DSR is evaluated through extensive simulations in the ns-2 environment. The results show that AIS-DSR outperforms other existing solutions in terms of throughput, end-to-end delay, packets loss ratio and packets drop ratio.
description: 19 pages, 12 figures, Journal
Unambiguous discrimination of mixed quantum states
Creators: name: Zhang, Chi
name: Feng, Yuan
name: Ying, Ming Sheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we consider the problem of unambiguous discrimination between a set of mixed quantum states. We first divide the density matrix of each mixed state into two parts by the fact that it comes from ensemble of pure quantum states. The first part will not contribute anything to the discrimination, the second part has support space linearly independent to each other. Then the problem we consider can be reduced to a problem in which the strategy of set discrimination can be used in designing measurements to discriminate mixed states unambiguously. We find a necessary and sufficient condition of unambiguous mixed state discrimination, and also point out that searching the optimal success probability of unambiguous discrimination is mathematically the well-known semi-definite programming problem. A upper bound of the optimal success probability is also presented. Finally, We generalize the concept of set discrimination to mixed state and point out that the problem of discriminating it unambiguously is equivalent to that of unambiguously discriminating mixed states.
description: 7 pages
La valorisation des matières organiques de la ville. Le cas des petits maraîchers de la zone périurbaine de Dakar
Creators: name: Zelem, Marie-Christine
name: Zelem, Marie-Christine
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Community/Rural/Urban Development

description: – Developing the use of organic waste to improve agricultural production has brought a new function to agriculture. At the same time, the farmer has had to integrate the environmental concern in his practice. Moreover, the question arises of the consequences when this project, associating agriculture with the city waste management, meets its public. Many constraints slow down the massive diffusion of using this material: its nature, its availability, its accessibility; badly controlled urbanization, the effects of seasonal variation such as resistance to changes, medical risks… In this context, what conditions must be fullfilled, so that perish-urban agriculture can effectively contribute to integrating this environmental challenge?
Direct Measurement of the Branching Fraction for the Decay of $D^+ \to \bar K^0 e^+ν_e$ and Determination of $Γ(D^0 \to K^-e^+ν_e)/ Γ(D^+ \to \bar K^0 e^+ν_e)$
Creators: name: BES Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The absolute branching fraction for the decay $D^+ \to \bar K^0 e^+ν_e$ is determined using $5321\pm 149 \pm 160$ singly tagged $D^-$ sample from the data collected around 3.773 GeV with the BES-II detector at the BEPC collider. In the system recoiling against the singly tagged $D^-$ meson, $34.4\pm 6.1$ events for $D^+ \to \bar K^0 e ^+ν_e$ is observed. Those yield the absolute branching fraction to be $BF(D^+ \to \bar K^0 e^+ν_e)=(8.95 \pm 1.59\pm 0.67)%$. The ratio of the two partial widths for the decays of $D^0 \to K^-e^+ν_e$ and $D^+ \to \bar K^0 e ^+ν_e$ is determined to be $ Γ(D^0 \to K^-e^+ν_e)/ Γ(D^+ \to \bar K^0 e^+ν_e) = 1.08\pm 0.22 \pm 0.07$.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures, Submitted to Physics Letters B
La représentation du sucre à Bruxelles : sociohistoire des pratiques de lobbying auprès des instances européennes depuis le début du XXe siècle
Creators: name: Hrabanski, Marie
name: Hrabanski, Marie
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy

description: This article deals with the practices of lobbying made by some agricultural interest groups and their representatives in the “sugar sector”, at the European level, since the early 20th century until today. The study draws three distinct periods. The first shows how an international organization of European Beet Growers has been structured and represented its interests at the international level even before the political community of Europe. This first period laid the foundation for the next one, which begins at the creation of the EEC in 1967, and is characterized by a strong co-management between the authorities and industry representatives. The third period is concerned with transformations of lobbying from the 1980s, when entering the era of globalization and pluralism. Despite changes in the system of interest intermediation of the European Union (1992), the representatives of the sector will continue their strategies, based on the special relationship they have with representatives of the European Commission. At the same time, this last period highlights the importance of the address book in political processes, and is also characterized by the use of expertise by the Commission.
Struvite crystallization from digester supernatant-reducing caustic chemical addition by CO₂ stripping
Creators: name: Zhang, Ying
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The recovery of phosphorus from wastewater, mainly digester supernatant/ centrate, into struvite, a slow release fertilizer, is an important research topic. The recovery of phosphorus helps to solve severe problems that have occurred in the secondary wastewater treatment plants (especially those with enhanced biological nutrient removal process). Also, it suggests an alternative, but more sustainable, source of phosphorus for domestic use. The crystallization of struvite in the liquid solution requires a relatively high pH environment, thus, caustic chemicals, e.g., NaOH, Ca(OH)₂, are usually added to the solution to adjust its pH value to above 7.5. This raises the costs of recovering struvite. Considering that the digester supernatant/centrate are usually saturated with dissolved CO₂, gas, which is relatively easy to remove, the idea of stripping CO₂, from the digester supernatant to raise pH, and thus reducing the caustic chemical usage, was adopted in this research. In this study, a cascade CO₂ stripper was designed and first tested with three different synthetic solutions: 1) tap water with CO₂, saturated, 2) NaHC0₃ solution with CO₂ saturated, and 3) NaHCO₃ + NH₄Cl solution with C0₂ saturated. It turned out that the stripper’s C0₂, removal efficiency was dependant on several parameters, such as the characteristics of the influent, including total alkalinity, temperature, and initial concentration of dissolved C0₂ gas, influent flow rate, effluent recycle rate, aeration rate, and baffle numbers in the stripper. A C0₂ stripping model was developed using these parameters, based on the stripper’s performance on the three synthetic solutions. The C0₂ stripper was also tested in a real struvite crystallization process. In this test, two struvite crystallizers, A side reactor and B side reactor, were operated in parallel. The difference between these two reactors was that, the downpipe that links the reactor’s seed hopper and the external clarifier in A side process was partially substituted by the CO₂ stripper in the B side process. The results revealed that, under different operating conditions, the addition of caustic chemical can be reduced by 46% to 65%, by employing a C0₂ stripper in the process flow scheme. Once optimized, this new approach has the potential to significantly reduce the costs of struvite production and recovery, under full-scale conditions.
Complete Two-Loop Electroweak Fermionic Corrections to sin^2(theta_eff) and Indirect Determination of the Higgs Boson Mass
Creators: name: Awramik, M.
name: Czakon, M.
name: Freitas, A.
name: Weiglein, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a complete calculation of the contributions to the effective leptonic weak mixing angle, sin^2theta_eff, generated by closed fermion loops at the two-loop level of the electroweak interactions. This quantity is the source of the most stringent bound on the mass, M_H, of the only undiscovered particle of the Standard Model, the Higgs boson. The size of the corrections with respect to known partial results varies between -4*10^-5 and -8*10^-5 for a realistic range of M_H from 100 to 300 GeV. This translates into a shift of the predicted (from sin^2theta_eff alone) central value of M_H by +19 GeV, to be compared with the shift induced by a recent change in the measured top quark mass which amounts to +36 GeV. Our result, together with all other known corrections is given in the form of a precise fitting formula to be used in the global fit to the electroweak data.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures
Three-dimensional solitons in coupled atomic-molecular Bose-Einstein condensates
Creators: name: Vaughan, T. G.
name: Kheruntsyan, K. V.
name: Drummond, P. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a theoretical analysis of three-dimensional (3D) matter-wave solitons and their stability properties in coupled atomic and molecular Bose-Einstein condensates (BEC). The soliton solutions to the mean-field equations are obtained in an approximate analytical form by means of a variational approach. We investigate soliton stability within the parameter space described by the atom-molecule conversion coupling, atom-atom s-wave scattering, and the bare formation energy of the molecular species. In terms of ordinary optics, this is analogous to the process of sub/second-harmonic generation in a quadratic non-linear medium modified by a cubic nonlinearity, together with a phase mismatch term between the fields. While the possibility of formation of multidimensional spatio-temporal solitons in pure quadratic media has been theoretically demonstrated previously, here we extend this prediction to matter-wave interactions in BEC systems where higher-order non-linear processes due to interparticle collisions are unavoidable and may not be neglected. The stability of the solitons predicted for repulsive atom-atom interactions is investigated by direct numerical simulations of the equations of motion in a full 3D lattice. Our analysis also leads to a possible technique for demonstrating the ground state of the Schroedinger-Newton and related equations that describe Bose-Einstein condensates with non-local inter-particle forces.
description: Final published version (minor modifications to the text)
Nuisible ou gibier ? Une analyse économique de la chasse des grands animaux en France
Creators: name: Ropars-Collet, Carole
name: Ropars-Collet, Carole
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy

description: Increasing populations of big game in France, including wild boar, has resulted in an increase in collective damages. However, this species is not only regarded as harmful as it is valued by the practice of hunting. The article aims to characterize the social optimum by engaging natural resource economics. The optimum density of game populations is defined from a bio-economic model that takes into account all the costs and profits relating to hunting and the presence of game. It is compared to that corresponding to the hunters’ optimum and to the “tragedy of the commons”. The analytical framework allows an economic interpretation of the evolution of hunting in France and of the institutional and legislative context, while focusing on issues of property rights and externalities. The model developed is then used to discuss game management policies and recommendations on economic tools for these policies.
Wavefront prediction using artificial neural networks for open-loop Adaptive Optics
Creators: name: Liu, Xuewen
name: Morris, Tim
name: Saunter, Chris
name: Juez, Francisco Javier de Cos
name: González-Gutiérrez, Carlos
name: Bardou, Lisa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Latency in the control loop of adaptive optics (AO) systems can severely limit performance. Under the frozen flow hypothesis linear predictive control techniques can overcome this, however identification and tracking of relevant turbulent parameters (such as wind speeds) is required for such parametric techniques. This can complicate practical implementations and introduce stability issues when encountering variable conditions. Here we present a nonlinear wavefront predictor using a Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) artificial neural network (ANN) that assumes no prior knowledge of the atmosphere and thus requires no user input. The ANN is designed to predict the open-loop wavefront slope measurements of a Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor (SH-WFS) one frame in advance to compensate for a single-frame delay in a simulated $7\times7$ single-conjugate adaptive optics (SCAO) system operating at 150 Hz. We describe how the training regime of the LSTM ANN affects prediction performance and show how the performance of the predictor varies under various guide star magnitudes. We show that the prediction remains stable when both wind speed and direction are varying. We then extend our approach to a more realistic two-frame latency system. AO system performance when using the LSTM predictor is enhanced for all simulated conditions with prediction errors within 19.9 to 40.0 nm RMS of a latency-free system operating under the same conditions compared to a bandwidth error of $78.3\pm4.4$ nm RMS.
Physiologic impairment severity: LCA of MBSImP (Beall et al., 2020)
Creators: name: Beall, Jonathan
name: Hill, Elizabeth G.
name: Armeson, Kent
name: Kendrea L. (Focht) Garand
name: Kate (Humphries) Davidson
name: Martin-Harris, Bonnie
Publisher: name: ASHA journals
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 111603 Systems Physiology
subject: FOS: Basic medicine

description: Purpose: Our objectives were to (a) identify oral and pharyngeal physiologic swallowing impairment severity classes based on latent class analyses (LCAs) of the Modified Barium Swallow Impairment Profile (MBSImP) swallow task scores and (b) quantify the probability of severity class membership given composite MBSImP oral total (OT) and pharyngeal total (PT) scores.Method: MBSImP scores were collected from a patient database of 319 consecutive modified barium swallow studies. Because of missing swallow task scores, LCA was performed using 25 multiply imputed data sets.Results: LCA revealed a three-class structure for both oral and pharyngeal models. We identified OT and PT score intervals to assign subjects to oral and pharyngeal impairment latent severity classes, respectively, with high probability (probability of class membership ≥ 0.9 given OT or PT scores within specified ranges) and high confidence (95% credible interval [CI] widths ≤ 0.24 for all total scores within specified ranges). OT scores ranging from 0 to 10 and from 14 to 18 yielded assignments in Oral Latent Classes 1 and 2, respectively, while OT = 22 was assigned to Oral Latent Class 3. PT scores ranging from 0 to 13 and from 18 to 24 yielded assignments in Pharyngeal Latent Classes 1 and 2, respectively, while PT = 26 was assigned to Pharyngeal Latent Class 3.Conclusions: LCA of MBSImP task-level data revealed significant underlying oral and pharyngeal ordinal class structures representing increasingly severe gradations of physiologic swallow impairment. Clinically meaningful OT and PT score ranges were derived facilitating latent class assignment.
Supplemental Material S1. Summary of the mathematical details of the latent class model and the procedures for construction of all model-derived conditional probabilities.
Beall, J., Hill, E. G., Armeson, K., (Focht) Garand, K. L., (Humphries) Davidson, K., & Martin-Harris, B. (2020). Classification of physiologic swallowing impairment severity: A latent class analysis of modified barium swallow impairment profile scores. American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, 29(2S), 1001–1011. https://doi.org/10.1044/2020_AJSLP-19-00080
Publisher Note: This article is part of the Special Issue: Select Papers From the 2018 Charleston Swallowing Conference at Northwestern University.
Shape Invariant Potentials in "Discrete Quantum Mechanics"
Creators: name: Odake, S.
name: Sasaki, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Shape invariance is an important ingredient of many exactly solvable quantum mechanics. Several examples of shape invariant ``discrete quantum mechanical systems" are introduced and discussed in some detail. They arise in the problem of describing the equilibrium positions of Ruijsenaars-Schneider type systems, which are "discrete" counterparts of Calogero and Sutherland systems, the celebrated exactly solvable multi-particle dynamics. Deformed Hermite and Laguerre polynomials are the typical examples of the eigenfunctions of the above shape invariant discrete quantum mechanical systems.
description: 15 pages, 1 figure. Contribution to a special issue of Journal of Nonlinear Mathematical Physics in honour of Francesco Calogero on the occasion of his seventieth birthday
Probabilistic calibration of highway geometric design : theoretical issues and applications
Creators: name: Ismail, Karim Aldin Samir
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Road safety is an evolving area of research that underpins the continuous attempt to build safe and cost-efficient roads. Despite the considerable growth of the road safety literature, some concern remains regarding the safety level associated with standard geometric design models. The central concern is that the level of safety delivered by design standards is implicit and largely unknown. Accordingly, it remains difficult to form a judgment regarding the acceptability and the consistency of the safety level built in design standards. In order to account for the previous concern, road safety is quantified in the present practice by explicitly developed analytical tools or safety evaluation models. Those analytical tools, to some extent, guide the designer in investigating the safety consequences of different dimensioning scenarios for a highway design. However, in order to elicit and examine the implicit safety level in design standards, a quantifiable measure must be used to assess road safety. A parallel system is formulated for the assessment of safety levels in standard design outputs by tracing the propagation of uncertainty. Uncertainty can be incorporated into the design process through a probabilistic framework. Reliability theory, a subset of probability theory, offers a rational foundation for calculating the propagation of uncertainty throughout the design process. The main proposition that underlies the analysis presented in this thesis is that design safety level associated with standard design outputs should be consistent and close to a premeditated level. Several discussions are presented that suggest different methods of selecting a target design safety level. A general framework for calibrating standard design models is presented in accordance with the previous preposition. The thesis contains an application of the calibration framework to the standard design model of crest vertical curves. In order to study the effect of model uncertainty, represented by the combination of horizontal and vertical curves, a new sight distance model is formulated that enables the calculation of available sight distance in three-dimensional environment. The sight distance model is further augmented to the process of reliability analysis. The calibrated design charts are constructed in order to yield consistent design safety level.
Andeocalynda carrikeri Hennemann & Conle 2020, n. gen., n. comb.
Creators: name: Hennemann, Frank H.
name: Conle, Oskar V.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Phasmida
Diapheromeridae
Andeocalynda
Andeocalynda carrikeri

description: Andeocalynda carrikeri (Hebard, 1919) n. gen., n. comb.
(Figs. 2C, 6)
 Dyme carrikeri Hebard, 1919: 174. HT, ♂: San Lorenzo, Santa Marta, Colombia, VIII, 23, 1913; (M. A. Carriker Jr) 8300 feet; Dyme carrikeri Hebard, M 455 Type [ANSP]. n. comb. Otte, 19778: 77.
 Bacteria carrikeri, Otte & Brock, 2005: 62.
Conle, Hennemann & Gutiérrez, 2011: 58.
 Diagnosis: The anal segment, which is gradually ascendant and flattened towards the apical portion (Fig. 6C) resembles ♂♂ of A. granulosa n. sp. and A. lojaense n. sp.. The less bulgy poculum, which bears a small and obtuse posteriad directed central protuberance (Fig. 6C; angular but without a protuberance in granulosa), differently shaped vomer, distinct blackish longitudinal postocular streak (Fig. 6B), unicoloured mesonotum as well as the slight sub-basal protuberance of the posteroventral carina of the mesofemora well distinguishes A. carrikeri from the first species. From the second species it can be distinguished by the larger size, relatively much shorter abdominal tergum IX and longer anal segment and rounded posterior margin of the poculum (Fig. 6E). Body length of the holotype 78.5 mm.
 Comments: Here transferred from the Antillean genus Bacteria Latreille et al., 1827 where it was placed by Otte & Brock (2005: 62). So far only known from the unique ♂ holotype in ANSP (Fig. 6A), hence the ♀♀ and eggs are still unknown.
 Distribution: S-Colombia, Dept. Nariño, Magdalena, Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, San Lorenzo, 2530 m [ANSP].
description: Published as part of Hennemann, Frank H. & Conle, Oskar V., 2020, Studies on Neotropical Phasmatodea XXIV: Andeocalynda n. gen., a new genus of Andean stick insects, with the descriptions of nine new species from Colombia and Ecuador (Phasmatodea: " Anareolatae ": Diapheromeridae: Diapheromerinae), pp. 301-341 in Zootaxa 4896 (3) on pages 311-312, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4896.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4383779
3D Relativistic MHD Simulations of Pulsar Bow Shock Nebulae
Creators: name: Bucciantini, N.
name: Olmi, B.
name: Del Zanna, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Pulsars out of their parent SNR directly interact with the ISM producing so called Bow-Shock Pulsar Wind Nebulae, the relativistic equivalents of the heliosphere/heliotail system. These have been directly observed from Radio to X-ray, and are found also associated to TeV halos, with a large variety of morphologies. They offer a unique environment where the pulsar wind can be studied by modelling its interaction with the surrounding ambient medium, in a fashion that is different/complementary from the canonical Plerions. These systems have also been suggested as the possible origin of the positron excess detected by AMS and PAMELA, in contrast to dark matter. I will present results from 3D Relativistic MHD simulations of such nebulae. On top of these simulations we computed the expected emission signatures, the properties of high energy particle escape, the role of current sheets in channeling cosmic rays, the level of turbulence and magnetic amplification, and how they depend on the wind structure and magnetisation.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures, Proceedings of ASTRONUM-2019, Accepted in Journal of Physics Conference Series
Effet d’une taxe et d’un droit d’entrée sur les consentements à payer des touristes pour de nouvelles réserves naturelles dans le golfe du Morbihan
Creators: name: Voltaire, Louinord
name: Nassiri, Abdelhak
name: Bailly, Denis
name: Boncoeur, Jean
name: Voltaire, Louinord
name: Nassiri, Abdelhak
name: Bailly, Denis
name: Boncoeur, Jean
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy

description: Using contingent valuation method, this paper empirically examines the effects of a special accommodation tax and an entrance fee on tourists’ willingness-to-pay (WTP) for new nature reserves in the Gulf of Morbihan (France). The results show that the payment vehicles affect not only the decision to pay, but also the amounts given. Beyond this significant impact, they demonstrate that tourists receive a benefit from the creation of nature reserves.
Enhancing robustness and efficiency of density matrix embedding theory via semidefinite programming and local correlation potential fitting
Creators: name: Wu, Xiaojie
name: Lindsey, Michael
name: Zhou, Tiangang
name: Tong, Yu
name: Lin, Lin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Density matrix embedding theory (DMET) is a powerful quantum embedding method for solving strongly correlated quantum systems. Theoretically, the performance of a quantum embedding method should be limited by the computational cost of the impurity solver. However, the practical performance of DMET is often hindered by the numerical stability and the computational time of the correlation potential fitting procedure, which is defined on a single-particle level. Of particular difficulty are cases in which the effective single-particle system is gapless or nearly gapless. To alleviate these issues, we develop a semidefinite programming (SDP) based approach that can significantly enhance the robustness of the correlation potential fitting procedure compared to the traditional least squares fitting approach. We also develop a local correlation potential fitting approach, which allows one to identify the correlation potential from each fragment independently in each self-consistent field iteration, avoiding any optimization at the global level. We prove that the self-consistent solutions of DMET using this local correlation potential fitting procedure are equivalent to those of the original DMET with global fitting. We find that our combined approach, called L-DMET, in which we solve local fitting problems via semidefinite programming, can significantly improve both the robustness and the efficiency of DMET calculations. We demonstrate the performance of L-DMET on the 2D Hubbard model and the hydrogen chain. We also demonstrate with theoretical and numerical evidence that the use of a large fragment size can be a fundamental source of numerical instability in the DMET procedure.
description: 36 pages, 9 figures
Properties and Problems related to Smarandache Type Functions
Creators: name: Ruiz, Sebastian Martin
name: Perez, M. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: General Mathematics (math.GM)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11A25

description: In this paper we present the definitions and some properties of several Samrandache Type Functions that are involved in many solved and unsolved problems and conjectures in number theory and recreational mathematics.
description: 7 pages
On the iterations of the maps $ax^{2^k}+b$ and $(a x^{2^k} + b)^{-1}$ over finite fields of characteristic two
Creators: name: Ugolini, Simone
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37P05, 37P25

description: The maps $x \mapsto ax^{2^k}+b$ defined over finite fields of characteristic two can be related to the duplication map over binary supersingular elliptic curves. Relying upon the structure of the group of rational points of such curves we can describe the possible cycle lengths of the maps. Then we extend our investigation to the maps $x \mapsto (ax^{2^k}+b)^{-1}$. We also notice some relations between these latter maps and the polynomials $x^{2^k+1} + x +a$, which have been extensively studied in literature.
description: 16 pages; improved presentation; one more example added
EWOLUCJA POTRZEB INNOWACYJNYCH ROLNIKÓW
Creators: name: Kalinowski, Julian
name: Gonet, Danuta
name: Stachowiak, Marek
name: Kalinowski, Julian
name: Gonet, Danuta
name: Stachowiak, Marek
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: needs of farmers
subject: innovations
subject: farm

description: The aim of the study was to determine, how changed in the time – from the period before the Polish accession to the European Union (1996 and 2001) – and after a few years (year 2009), the needs of farmers adopting innovation. The results obtained based on interviews with farmers Lower Silesia province showed that the largest share in the structure of the declared purposes were innovations in the technological processes and production, especially in crop production. At the same time there was an increase farmers’ needs for innovative solutions in the areas of economics and organization of farms and maintain a significant needs for marketing innovation, which is a sign of changing attitudes of farmers and departing from the attitude for the production for marketing.
Andeocalynda comis Hennemann & Conle 2020, n. gen., n. comb.
Creators: name: Hennemann, Frank H.
name: Conle, Oskar V.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Phasmida
Diapheromeridae
Andeocalynda
Andeocalynda comis

description: Andeocalynda comis (Bates, 1865) n. gen., n. comb.
(Fig. 7)
 Bacteria comis Bates, 1865: 330, pl. 12a–b (♂). HT, ♂: E coll. (1839–73) W.W. Saunders, Purchased and pres. ’73 by Mrs F.W. Hope; Bogotá; Type—Bates. Bacteria comis, Trans. Linn. Soc. XXV, 1865, p. 330, pl. 44, fig. 12b; Type Orth: 606, Bacteria comis Bates, Hope Dept. Ent. Oxford [UMO, No. 606]. n. comb.
 Clonistria comis, Kirby, 1904: 351. Redtenbacher, 1908: 406. Otte & Brock, 2005: 107. Conle, Hennemann & Gutiérrez, 2011: 58.
 Further material examined: 1 ♂: La Mesa (Cund.), 12.IX.93, C. Ville [UNAB]; 1 ♂: Palerno (Huila) 30-IX-96, Henry Trujillo [UNAB].
 Diagnosis: Males of this species are similar to A. carrikeri (Hebard, 1919) and A. tuberculata n. sp., sharing the gradually ascendant anal segment with both species (Fig. 7C). From the first they differ by the stockier habitus, the much shorter and broader head, lack of a dark postocular streak on the genae as well as the lack of a central node of the poculum (Fig. 6C). With the second species ♂♂ of A. comis share the short and broad head and node-less poculum, but the poculum is notably less inflated and bulgy than in A. tuberculata n. sp. and has the posterior margin acutely triangular (Fig. 7E), abdominal tergum IX and the anal segment are proportionally longer and the cerci are more slender and with the apex much less blunt. Body length of the holotype 88.9 mm.
 Comments: Here transferred from the Antillean genus Clonistria Stål, 1875 where it was placed by Kirby (1904: 351). A ♀ from San Martin (Dept. Meta) in ILUD might be the opposite sex, but more material including males from this locality will be needed for confirmation. The specimen is similar to A. tuberculata n. sp. but smaller with less slender tarsi and with a blunt sub-basal tooth on the two outer ventral carina of the mesofemora.
 Distribution: Central Colombia: Dept. Cundinamarca (Bogotá & La Mesa); Dept. Huila (Palermo).
description: Published as part of Hennemann, Frank H. & Conle, Oskar V., 2020, Studies on Neotropical Phasmatodea XXIV: Andeocalynda n. gen., a new genus of Andean stick insects, with the descriptions of nine new species from Colombia and Ecuador (Phasmatodea: " Anareolatae ": Diapheromeridae: Diapheromerinae), pp. 301-341 in Zootaxa 4896 (3) on pages 312-313, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4896.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4383779
Off-diagonal geometric phase in composite systems
Creators: name: Yi, X. X.
name: Chang, J. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effect due to the inter-subsystem coupling on the off-diagonal geometric phase in a composite system is investigated. We analyze the case where the system undergo an adiabatic evolution. Two coupled qubits driven by time-dependent external magnetic fields are presented as an example, the off-diagonal geometric phase as well as the adiabatic condition are examined and discussed.
W state generation and effect of cavity photons on the purification of dot-like single quantum well excitons
Creators: name: Li, C. -M.
name: Chen, Y. -N.
name: Luo, C. -W.
name: Chuu, D. -S.
name: Hsieh, J. -Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A scheme of three-particle entanglement purification is presented in this work. The physical system undertaken for investigation is dot-like single quantum well excitons independently coupled through a single microcavity mode. The theoretical framework for the proposed scheme is based on the quantum jump approach for analyzing the progress of the trible-exciton entanglement as a series of conditional measurement has been taken on the cavity field state. We first investigate how cavity photon affects the purity of the double-exciton state and the purification efficiency in two-particle protocol. Then we extend the two-particle case and conclude that the three-exciton state can be purified into W state, which involves the one-photon-trapping phenomenon, with a high yield. Finally, an achievable setup for purification using only modest and presently feasible technologies is also proposed.
description: 9 pages and 4 figures
ZASTOSOWANIE ANALIZY SKUPIEŃ DO BADANIA ZRÓŻNICOWANIA REGIONALNEGO POTENCJAŁU PRODUKCYJNEGO ROLNICTWA W POLSCE
Creators: name: Kamińska, Agnieszka
name: Nowak, Anna
name: Kamińska, Agnieszka
name: Nowak, Anna
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: productive potential
subject: agriculture
subject: Poland

description: This paper presents the spatial differentiation of productive potential in Polish agriculture. An analysis was made basing upon statistical data from Central Statistical Office, 2011. An author used the agglomerative method to make an assessment of productive potential differentiation level in Polish agriculture regarding regions with separation of four typological groups characterizing with different productive potential. Two Polish regions: Opole and Wielkopolska were in group with the highest productive potential but the regions of South-Eeastern Poland were in group characterizing with the lowest productive potential in agriculture.
Planar Solidification from Undercooled Melt: An Approximation of a Dilute Binary Alloy for a Phase-field Model
Creators: name: Danilov, Denis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Planar solidification from an undercooled melt has been considered using the phase-field model. The solute and the phase fields have been found in the limit of small impurity concentration. These solutions in the limit of vanishing velocity of the interface motion give the equilibrium partition coefficient and the liquidus slope. Asymptotic expansions for the solute and for the phase fields, and the relation between the diffusive speed and the parameters of the phase field model have been found at high growth velocity. A comparison with numerical calculations is presented.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures
Gap solitons in a model of a hollow optical fiber
Creators: name: Merhasin, I. M.
name: Malomed, Boris A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a models for two coupled waves propagating in a hollow-core fiber: a linear dispersionless core mode, and a dispersive nonlinear quasi-surface one. The linear coupling between them may open a bandgap, through the mechanism of the avoidance of crossing between dispersion curves. The third-order dispersion of the quasi-surface mode is necessary for the existence of the gap. Numerical investigation reveals that the entire bandgap is filled with solitons, and they all are stable in direct simulations. The gap-soliton (GS) family is extended to include pulses moving relative to the given reference frame, up to limit values of the corresponding boost $δ$, beyond which the solitons do not exists. The limit values are nonsymmetric for $δ>0$ and $δ<0$. The extended gap is also entirely filled with the GSs, all of which are stable in simulations. Recently observed solitons in hollow-core photonic-crystal fibers may belong to this GS family.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures