cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Das digitale Whiteboard als didaktisches Medium in Lehr-Lernprozessen
Creators: name: Kannenberg, Susanne
name: Graube, Gabriele
Publisher: name: Institut für Erziehungswissenschaft, Abt. Weiterbildung und Medien
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mediendidaktik
subject: digitale Whiteboards
subject: Medienklassifikation
subject: interaktiv
subject: Interaktion
subject: Lehr-Lernprozess
subject: Medientechnologie
subject: media
subject: digital whiteboard
subject: classification of media
subject: computer assisted learning
subject: interactive media
subject: interaction
subject: 37

description: In diesem Beitrag wird das digitale Whiteboard als didaktisches Medium in Lehr-Lernprozessen diskutiert. Ausgangspunkt ist eine kritische Bilanzierung zur Bedeutung neuer Medien im Unterricht. Daran schließt sich eine begriffliche Bestimmung des gebrauchsüblichen Terminus ‚interaktives Whiteboard’ an, in der Interaktivität und Interaktion als Problematik aufgegriffen und alternativ die Bezeichnung ‚digitales Whiteboard’ vorgeschlagen wird. Der mediendidaktischen Verortung des digitalen Whiteboards wird eine medientechnische Beschreibung vorangestellt. Auf dieser Grundlage wird das digitale Whiteboard anhand zweier Modelle zur Medienklassifikation verortet und kritisch geprüft. Die Verortung intendiert folgendes: Zum einen sollen die Modelle hinsichtlich ihrer Eignung zu Klassifikation dieses Mediums geprüft werden, zum anderen sollen aus der Verortung resultierende Implikationen für den Lehr-Lernprozess diskutiert werden. Zentrales Ergebnis dieser Vorgehensweise sind allgemeine didaktische Leitfragen zum Einsatz von Medien im Lehr-Lernprozess.
Modeling Collisionless Matter in General Relativity: A New Numerical Technique
Creators: name: Widrow, Lawrence M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a new numerical technique for following the evolution of a self-gravitating collisionless system in general relativity. Matter is modeled as a scalar field obeying the coupled Klein-Gordon and Einstein equations. A phase space distribution function, constructed using covariant coherent states, obeys the relativistic Vlasov equation provided the de Broglie wavelength for the field is very much smaller than the scales of interest. We illustrate the method by solving for the evolution of a system of particles in a static, plane-symmetric, background spacetime.
description: 6 pages, 3 postscript figures, submitted to Physical Review D
Samatosum : a review of two early acid drainage prevention approaches
Creators: name: Holmes, Andrew
name: Hamblin, Brent
name: Hogarth, James
name: Ford, Craig
name: Anderson, Tracy
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: Two acid drainage (AD) mitigation measures incorporated into the design of the Samatosum Mine Project have displayed diverse outcomes: the water covered tailings impoundment was very successful; the layered waste rock dump was not successful. The effectiveness of the AD mitigation measures has been monitored since they were implemented. Discharge from the waste dump became acid briefly during the 1995 freshet. Since 1995, the primary seep from the waste dump has become acid during every freshet, and a small seep is acid almost all of the time. A water collection and treatment system was commissioned before the 1997 freshet, and has been in operation since that time. An on-site sludge management program has been implemented to manage the residuals from the treatment process. Potentially acid generating (PAG) tailings were deposited in an impoundment designed to maintain a water cover over the tailings. There have been no indications of AD from the tailings facility to date. Water management and treatment facilities, and their post closure operation, are described in this paper. Monitoring results are also presented and discussed.
Trigonexora Bechyne & Bechyne. True 1969
Creators: name: Viswajyothi, Keezhpattillam
name: Clark, Shawn M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Chrysomelidae
Trigonexora

description: Genus Trigonexora Bechyné & Bechyné, 1969
Trigonexora Bechyné & Bechyné, 1969: 90 (type species Exora stilodina Bechyné & Bechyné, 1962, by original designation).
Remarks
This genus currently contains only four described species, but some of the species currently in Exora probably belong here. Numerous apparently undescribed species also belong in Trigonexora. The males of some species have a curious, slender appendage on the abdomen, but the males of other species do not. The genus occurs in South America. See Figs 62 and 200.
description: Published as part of Viswajyothi, Keezhpattillam & Clark, Shawn M., 2022, New World genera of Galerucinae Latreille, 1802 (tribes Galerucini Latreille, 1802, Metacyclini Chapuis, 1875, and Luperini Gistel, 1848): an annotated list and identification key (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), pp. 1-102 in European Journal of Taxonomy 842 on page 17, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.842.1945, http://zenodo.org/record/7222499
Additional file 3: of Health status deterioration in subjects with mild to moderate airflow obstruction, a six years observational study
Creators: name: Rodrigues, Fernanda
name: Demeyer, Heleen
name: Loeckx, Matthias
name: Hornikx, Miek
name: Remoortel, Hans Van
name: Janssens, Wim
name: Troosters, Thierry
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Table S3. Estimate of the yearly change in health status calculated by the regression analysis. (DOCX 12 kb)
Hyperspectral Image Classification with Deep Metric Learning and Conditional Random Field
Creators: name: Liang, Yi
name: Zhao, Xin
name: Guo, Alan J. X.
name: Zhu, Fei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: To improve the classification performance in the context of hyperspectral image processing, many works have been developed based on two common strategies, namely the spatial-spectral information integration and the utilization of neural networks. However, both strategies typically require more training data than the classical algorithms, aggregating the shortage of labeled samples. In this letter, we propose a novel framework that organically combines the spectrum-based deep metric learning model and the conditional random field algorithm. The deep metric learning model is supervised by the center loss to produce spectrum-based features that gather more tightly in Euclidean space within classes. The conditional random field with Gaussian edge potentials, which is firstly proposed for image segmentation tasks, is introduced to give the pixel-wise classification over the hyperspectral image by utilizing both the geographical distances between pixels and the Euclidean distances between the features produced by the deep metric learning model. The proposed framework is trained by spectral pixels at the deep metric learning stage and utilizes the half handcrafted spatial features at the conditional random field stage. This settlement alleviates the shortage of training data to some extent. Experiments on two real hyperspectral images demonstrate the advantages of the proposed method in terms of both classification accuracy and computation cost.
Additional file 2: of Preoperative opioid use is associated with worse patient outcomes after Total joint arthroplasty: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: C. Goplen
name: Verbeek, Wesley
name: Kang, Sung
name: C. Jones
name: Voaklander, Donald
name: Churchill, Thomas
name: Beaupre, Lauren
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Table S1. Additional Data provided for Goesling et at (2016). Table S2. Original Extracted Patient-Reported Outcome Scores. Table S3. Comparison of Secondary Outcomes between Patient Prescribed Preoperative Opioids and Opioid-NaĂŻve Patients. (DOCX 29 kb)
Commelina subulata Roth
Creators: name: Zhou, Ya-Dong
name: Mwachala, Geoffrey
name: Hu, Guang-Wan
name: Wang, Qing-Feng
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Liliopsida
Commelinales
Commelinaceae
Commelina
Commelina subulata

description: Commelina subulata Roth  —
Habit: Herb.
Habitat: LMWF, LMDF; up to 2 000 m. Distribution: II.
Voucher: N/A.
Reference: Agnew (2013).
description: Published as part of Zhou, Ya-Dong, Mwachala, Geoffrey, Hu, Guang-Wan & Wang, Qing-Feng, 2022, Annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Mount Kenya, East Africa, pp. 1-108 in Phytotaxa 546 (1) on page 30, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.546.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6550464
Additional file 1: of Anticonvulsants for behavioral and psychological symptoms in dementia: protocol for a systematic review
Creators: name: Sophiya Benjamin
name: Williams, John
name: Cotton, Cecilia
name: Tung, Jennifer
name: An, Howard
name: Sanger, Stephanie
name: Ho, Joanne Man-Wai
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Preliminary search strategy MEDLINE. (PDF 80 kb)
ALTSched: Improved Scheduling for Time-Domain Science with LSST
Creators: name: Rothchild, Daniel
name: Stubbs, Christopher
name: Yoachim, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Telescope scheduling is the task of determining the best sequence of observations (pointings and filter choices) for a survey system. Because it is computationally intractable to optimize over all possible multi-year sequences of observations, schedulers use heuristics to pick the best observation at a given time. A greedy scheduler selects the next observation by choosing whichever one maximizes a scalar merit function, which serves as a proxy for the scientific goals of the telescope. This sort of bottom-up approach for scheduling is not guaranteed to produce a schedule for which the sum of merit over all observations is maximized. As an alternative to greedy schedulers, we introduce ALTSched, which takes a top-down approach to scheduling. Instead of considering only the next observation, ALTSched makes global decisions about which area of sky and which filter to observe in, and then refines these decisions into a sequence of observations taken along the meridian to maximize SNR. We implement ALTSched for the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST), and show that it equals or outperforms the baseline greedy scheduler in essentially all quantitative performance metrics. Due to its simplicity, our implementation is considerably faster than OpSim, the simulated greedy scheduler currently used by the LSST Project: a full ten year survey can be simulated in 4 minutes, as opposed to tens of hours for OpSim. LSST's hardware is fixed, so improving the scheduling algorithm is one of the only remaining ways to optimize LSST's performance. We see ALTSched as a prototype scheduler that gives a lower bound on the performance achievable by LSST.
Additional file 1 of Astrocyte reactivation in medial prefrontal cortex contributes to obesity-promoted depressive-like behaviors
Creators: name: Yu, Gang
name: Cao, Feng
name: Hou, Tingting
name: Cheng, Yunsheng
name: Jia, Benli
name: Yu, Liang
name: Chen, Wanjing
name: Xu, Yanyan
name: Chen, Mingming
name: Wang, Yong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Mental Health

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Primers used for qPCR. Figure S1. Neither high fat diet nor leptin knockout induce depressive-like behavior. Figure S2. Neuronal activities and astrocytes reactivity in hippocampus and amygdala were not altered among ND, HFD, LM, and ob/ob mice. Figure S3. E/I balance was not altered by high fat diet or leptin knockout. Figure S4. Astrocyte reactivation was significantly upregulated by high fat diet or leptin knockout, but microglia response was not altered. Figure S5. Astrocyte reactivity was increased in susceptible mice. Figure S6. Depressive-like behaviors were increased in susceptible mice. Figure S7. Behavioral functions were not altered before CNO injection.
Proton scalar dipole polarizabilities from real Compton scattering data, using fixed-t subtracted dispersion relations and the bootstrap method
Creators: name: Pasquini, B.
name: Pedroni, P.
name: Sconfietti, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform a fit of the real Compton scattering (RCS) data below pion-production threshold to extract the electric ($α_{E1}$) and magnetic ($β_{M1}$) static scalar dipole polarizabilities of the proton, using fixed-$t$ subtracted dispersion relations and a bootstrap-based fitting technique. The bootstrap method provides a convenient tool to include the effects of the systematic errors on the best values of $α_{E1}$ and $β_{M1}$ and to propagate the statistical errors of the model parameters fixed by other measurements. We also implement various statistical tests to investigate the consistency of the available RCS data sets below pion-production threshold and we conclude that there are not strong motivations to exclude any data point from the global set. Our analysis yields $α_{E1} = (12.03^{+0.48}_{-0.54})\times 10^{-4} \text{fm}^3$ and $β_{M1} = (1.77^{+0.52}_{-0.54})\times 10^{-4} \text{fm}^3$, with p-value $= 12\%$.
description: 19 pages, 11 figures, 4 tables; final version accepted for publication in J. Phys. G
Gravitational Waves by a Particle in Circular Orbits around a Schwarzschild black hole -5.5 Post-Newtonian Formula-
Creators: name: Tanaka, T.
name: Tagoshi, H.
name: Sasaki, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the post-Newtonian (PN) expansion technique of the gravitational wave perturbation around a Schwarzschild black hole, we calculate analytically the energy flux of gravitational waves induced by a particle in circular orbits up to the 5.5PN order, i.e. $O(v^{11})$ beyond Newtonian. By comparing the formula with numerical data, we find that the error of the 5.5PN formula is about 4% when the particle is on the last stable circular orbit. We also estimate the error $ΔN$ in the total cycle of gravitational waves from coalescing compact binaries in a laser interferometer's band produced by using the post-Newtonian approximations. We find that, as for the neutron star-black hole binaries, the 4.5PN approximation gives $ΔN\alt1$ for a black hole of mass $M<40M_\odot$, while it gives $ΔN\agt1$ for a black hole of mass $M>40M_{\odot}$.
description: 15 pages, ptptex, 2 figures
The form factors in the finite volume
Creators: name: Korepin, V. E.
name: Slavnov, N. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The form factors of integrable models in finite volume are studied. We construct the explicite representations for the form factors in terms of determinants.
description: 16 pages, Latex, no figures
Additional file 2: of Health status deterioration in subjects with mild to moderate airflow obstruction, a six years observational study
Creators: name: Rodrigues, Fernanda
name: Demeyer, Heleen
name: Loeckx, Matthias
name: Hornikx, Miek
name: Remoortel, Hans Van
name: Janssens, Wim
name: Troosters, Thierry
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Table S2. Estimated yearly rate of change in health status with the addition of age as a covariate in the model. (DOCX 14 kb)
Ideal Quantum Gases in D-dimensional Space and Power-law Potentials
Creators: name: Salasnich, Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate ideal quantum gases in D-dimensional space and confined in a generic external potential by using the semiclassical approximation. In particular, we derive density of states, density profiles and critical temperatures for Fermions and Bosons trapped in isotropic power-law potentials. Form such results, one can easily obtain those of quantum gases in a rigid box and in a harmonic trap. Finally, we show that the Bose-Einstein condensation can set up in a confining power-law potential if and only if ${D/2}+{D/n}>1$, where $D$ is the space dimension and $n$ is the power-law exponent.
description: 18 pages, Latex, to be published in Journal of Mathematical Physics
Policy Approaches to Energy Use Reduction in Tenant Spaces
Creators: Ossey, Lauren
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Energy conservation--Government policy
Buildings--Energy consumption
Landlord and tenant

description: A significant focus of climate policy in the United States is on energy use in buildings because buildings account for approximately 40% of GHG emissions nationwide. Many local governments have created policies that regulate energy use in buildings but tenant spaces are often excluded from these efforts. Untapped potential exists to reduce energy use within building tenant spaces, which can account for up to 50% of a building’s energy use. In order to reach the aggressive GHG emission reduction goals set by scientists and governments in order to avoid the most harmful effects of climate change, all possible avenues of energy reduction are of interest.  However, there is no clear understanding of how local governments are attempting to reduce energy usage in tenant spaces.
      The aim of this research was to understand the approaches that local governments have used to influence energy use in tenant spaces through both mandatory policies and voluntary programs. Additionally, this research aimed to understand the impetus and barriers to policy creation and implementation regarding private tenant spaces. This study utilized two research methods: 1) review of policy documents and 2) interviews with selected city officials and industry experts. The research focused on cities participating in the C40 program, specifically within the Private Building Efficiency Network.
      Detailed policy maps provide an overview of approaches taken and highlight where opportunity exists for innovative, new policy types. Few mandatory policies were found within sampled cities. Most cities provide a multitude of programs that foster the voluntary reduction of energy use in tenant spaces by providing resources and incentives to tenants. The most common of these programs is providing educational resources and green leasing assistance. While there is consensus among experts and city representatives that reducing tenant use is a common and complex problem, there is no consensus as to how government can best respond to this issue. Many barriers exist in creating and implementing such policies and programs leading most governments to focus on other aspects of building energy use or relying on voluntary programs.
      Knowledge sharing between cities is a particularly valuable tool when lessons are paired with an understanding of city-specific barriers and opportunities. This approach enables policy makers to craft effective policies and programs to address the largely untapped potential that exists to reduce energy use within building tenant spaces.
KI-Tools, Prompts und Datenschutz
Creators: name: Beyer, Andrea
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: AI in Classics
genAI in Classics
AI in Latin Classes

description: The lecture is part of the third session of the seminar “AI in the ancient languages”. It presents AI tools for various application scenarios, covers prompts and prompt engineering and finally discusses the topic of data protection and AI in teaching contexts.
Murdannia clarkeana Brenan
Creators: name: Zhou, Ya-Dong
name: Mwachala, Geoffrey
name: Hu, Guang-Wan
name: Wang, Qing-Feng
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Liliopsida
Commelinales
Commelinaceae
Murdannia
Murdannia clarkeana

description: Murdannia clarkeana Brenan  —
Habit: Herb.
Habitat: LMDF; 1 400–1 900 m. Distribution: II.
Voucher: N/A.
Reference: Agnew (2013).
description: Published as part of Zhou, Ya-Dong, Mwachala, Geoffrey, Hu, Guang-Wan & Wang, Qing-Feng, 2022, Annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Mount Kenya, East Africa, pp. 1-108 in Phytotaxa 546 (1) on page 30, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.546.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6550464
Evidence for rapid disk formation and reprocessing in the X-ray bright tidal disruption event AT 2018fyk
Creators: name: Wevers, T.
name: Pasham, D. R.
name: van Velzen, S.
name: Leloudas, G.
name: Schulze, S.
name: Miller-Jones, J. C. A.
name: Jonker, P. G.
name: Gromadzki, M.
name: Kankare, E.
name: Hodgkin, S. T.
name: Wyrzykowski, L .
name: Kostrzewa-Rutkowska, Z.
name: Moran, S.
name: Berton, M.
name: Maguire, K.
name: Onori, F.
name: Matilla, S.
name: Nicholl, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present optical spectroscopic and Swift UVOT/XRT observations of the X-ray and UV/optical bright tidal disruption event (TDE) AT 2018fyk/ASASSN-18ul discovered by ASAS-SN. The Swift lightcurve is atypical for a TDE, entering a plateau after $\sim$40 days of decline from peak. After 80 days the UV/optical lightcurve breaks again to decline further, while the X-ray emission becomes brighter and harder. In addition to broad H, He and potentially O/Fe lines, narrow emission lines emerge in the optical spectra during the plateau phase. We identify both high ionisation (O III) and low ionisation (Fe II) lines, which are visible for $\sim$45 days. We similarly identify Fe II lines in optical spectra of ASASSN-15oi 330 d after discovery, indicating that a class of Fe-rich TDEs exists. The spectral similarity between AT 2018fyk, narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxies and some extreme coronal line emitters suggests that TDEs are capable of creating similar physical conditions in the nuclei of galaxies. The Fe II lines can be associated with the formation of a compact accretion disk, as the emergence of low ionisation emission lines requires optically thick, high density gas. Taken together with the plateau in X-ray and UV/optical luminosity this indicates that emission from the central source is efficiently reprocessed into UV/optical wavelengths. Such a two-component lightcurve is very similar to that seen in the TDE candidate ASASSN-15lh, and is a natural consequence of a highly relativistic orbital pericenter.
description: Version accepted for publication in MNRAS
Policies and Innovation Hubs: Evaluating Policies that Support and Sustain the Tech Industry in New York City
Creators: Yaghoubi, Maryam
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: High technology industries--Management
City planning
Technological innovations--Economic aspects
Land use--Government policy

description: Cities around the world are seeking to accommodate the needs of a new generation of technology based industries and firms, whose innovation model depends on proximity and whose talent pool prefers urban locations and lifestyles. Such cities are motivated to host a larger portion of this innovation economy in order to grow a new base of jobs, adjust to the process of industrial change, or leverage technology for the challenges of sustainability, resilience, and social cohesion. Many are trying to raise their innovation profile by focusing investment and promotion on new ‘innovation hubs or districts’, locations within their city where the innovation economy might cluster and concentrate. The innovation economy is proving to be a disruptor and opportunity for cities, businesses and the real estate sector. Consequently, this thesis focuses on the effectiveness of governmental policies in promoting and sustaining the tech industry and its spatial manifestation, innovation districts, in New York City.
Nonrelativistic shifted-l expansion technique for three- and two-dimensional Schrodinger equation
Creators: name: Mustafa, Omar
name: Barakat, Thabit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The shifted-l expansion technique (SLET) has been developed to get eigenvalues of Schrodinger equation in three (3D) and two dimensions (2D). SLET simply consists of 1/\bar{l} as a perturbation parameter, where \bar{l}=l-β, βis a suitable shift, l is the angular momentum quantum number for 3D-case, l=|m| for the 2D-case, and m is the magnetic quantum number. Unlike the shifted large-N expansion theory (SLNT), SLET seems to be applicable to a wider number of problems of significant interest in physics.
description: 16 pages, Latex file
Policing Power: Essays on Coercion, Corruption, and the State
Creators: Cooper, Jasper Jack
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Political science
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: Police corruption
subject: Police power
subject: Bureaucracy

description: This dissertation is about how the state influences individuals’ behavior by giving certain citizens the legal and physical means to coerce other citizens. Using field experimentation, participatory observation, and time-series analysis of two large sets of micro-data on crime to study policing in West Africa and Melanesia, the findings challenge conventional wisdom about the relationship between coercion, corruption, and the state. Empowering women by sending police officers to assist them in disputes with men may not necessarily reduce gender-based coercion, because men can preserve their privileges by drawing on alternative authorities. Conferring police officers powers to coerce other people does not necessarily induce corrupt behavior, because conferral of power may cause them to care more about their reputation than the rents they can extract. Competitive elections may not reduce petty police corruption even if they make principals accountable; instead, elections may incentivize corruption by increasing agents’ uncertainty about how principals will act in the future. These findings contribute new insights to the theory of state-building, accountability, and bureaucratic politics.
Additional file 1: of Preoperative opioid use is associated with worse patient outcomes after Total joint arthroplasty: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: C. Goplen
name: Verbeek, Wesley
name: Kang, Sung
name: C. Jones
name: Voaklander, Donald
name: Churchill, Thomas
name: Beaupre, Lauren
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Appendix A: Database search strategies. Appendix B: JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist for Cohort Studies. (DOCX 151 kb)
Multispectral mapping of vegetation changes in reclaimed areas at Highland Valley between 2001 and 2011
Creators: name: Brown, Leslie N.
name: Borstad, Gary A.
name: Dickson, Jaimie
name: Martell, Peter
name: Martínez De Saavedra Álvarez, Mar
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: Airborne remote sensing has been used at Highland Valley Copper since 2001 as part of the reclamation program to provide annual high spatial resolution maps of vegetation cover and complement the vegetative assessments. In 2011, the multi-temporal analysis was applied to all sites undergoing reclamation, with the exception of Valley and Lornex, where mining operations have been extended to 2025. As in previous years, Remote Sensing biomass was calculated based on the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and then appended to the existing NDVI time series. This unique and growing dataset allows us to examine vegetation changes over time with spatial resolution of 2.5m. We can now classify the entire mine site according to its vegetation history and whether or not it has reached and maintained biomass above 1500 kg/ha, which is one of the permit thresholds for selfsustaining status. The resulting 'reclamation status maps' provide a detailed synopsis of the vegetation trends between 2001 and 2011. These maps are designed to be helpful tools to reclamation managers, as they provide a means to focus further remediation efforts on specific locations most needing it, rather than having to make costly wholesale changes to entire sites.
Polarons and Polaritons in Cesium Lead Bromide Perovskite
Creators: Evans, Tyler James Swenson
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Chemistry
Perovskite
Polarons
Polaritons
Physics
Nanowires

description: Lead halide perovskites are a class of soft ionic semiconductors characterized by strong excitonic absorption and long carrier lifetimes. Recent studies suggest that electrons and holes in these materials interact with longitudinal optical phonons to form large polarons on subpicosecond time-scales. The same interaction is responsible for hot electron cooling via phonon emission and is thought to be screened by large polaron formation resulting in the long-lived hot electrons observed in methylammonium lead iodide perovskite. Time-resolved two-photon photoemission is used to follow the initial hot electron cooling and large polaron formation dynamics in single-crystal cesium lead bromide perovskite at 80 K and 300 K. The initial relaxation rates are found to be weakly temperature-dependent and are attributed to the cooling of unscreened hot electrons by the emission of longitudinal optical phonons. The large polaron formation times, however, are inferred to be approximately three times faster at 300 K. The decrease in polaron formation time with temperature is correlated with the broadening in phonon linewidths, suggesting that disorder can assist large polaron formation. In addition, the initial electron relaxation is faster than large polaron formation explaining the absence of long-lived hot electrons in cesium lead bromide perovskite as opposed to methylammonium lead iodide perovskite where the two processes are competitive. The second part of this thesis focuses on the strong light-matter interaction in nanowire waveguide geometries of single-crystal lead halide perovskites which are well known for their emission tunability and low lasing thresholds under pulsed optical excitation. Using fluorescence microscopy, it is found that the luminescence from single-crystal cesium lead bromide perovskite nanowires is dominated by sub-bandgap modes called exciton-polaritons, i.e. hybridized exciton-photon states. A one-dimensional exciton-polariton model reproduces the observed modes at the bottleneck of the lower polariton branch with a Rabi splitting of about 200 milli-electron volts. As the power density increases under continuous excitation, the exciton-polaritons undergo Bose-stimulated scattering and a super-linear increase in mode intensity is observed. This is the first demonstration of continuous-wave lasing in lead halide perovskite nanowires and reveals an inherently strong light-matter interaction in lead halide perovskites that can be used for continuous-wave optoelectronic applications. These findings corroborate the role of dynamic screening in unifying these two regimes of carrier-carrier interactions responsible for the strong absorption and subsequent carrier protection. We also demonstrate the viability of lead halide perovskite nanowires for future optoelectronics.
Experimental Demonstration of a Terahertz Frequency Reference based on Coherent Population Trapping
Creators: name: Collombon, Mathieu
name: Chatou, Cyril
name: Hagel, Gaétan
name: Pedregosa-Gutierrez, Jofre
name: Houssin, Marie
name: Knoop, M.
name: Champenois, Caroline
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A novel protocol of interrogation based on coherent population trapping in an N-level scheme atomic system leads to dark resonances involving three different photons. An ensemble of several hundreds of radiofrequency-trapped ions is probed by three lasers simultaneously locked onto the same optical frequency comb, resulting in high-contrast spectral lines referenced to an atomic transition in the THz domain. We discuss the cause of uncertainties and limitations for this method and show that reaching a sub-kHz resolution is experimentally accessible via this interrogation protocole.
Ideas Challenge 2020/2021 : WikiData Integration with Repository Contents
Creators: name: Neugebauer, Tomasz
name: Kuchma, Iryna
name: Selematsela, Daisy
name: Biziwe, Tembe
name: Zimmer, Niklas
name: Zodwa, Thomas
name: Havemann, Jo
name: Staines, Heather
name: Berrizbeitia, Francisco
name: Stacey, Phil
name: Shearer, Kathleen
name: Venema, Victor
name: Tykhonov, Slava
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: linguistic diversity, wikidata, metadata, linked open data, OR2021, HTML5, Dublin Core, DataCite, JATS XML, Schema.org, OpenAIRE, DBPedia, DBPedia Spotlight

description: Presentation of the work of an Ideas Challenge Team from Open Repositories Conference 2020. The challenge presented is that of WikiData integration with repositories as a way of improving multilingual access to repository contents. Multilingual indexing by search engines and aggregators, and the overall importance of linguistic diversity in scholarly publishing and access is discussed. The results presented include a detailed overview of various metadata standards relevant for representing multilingual WikiData concepts in repositories: HTML5, Dublin Core, DataCite, JATS XML, Schema.org. Two scripts that were written in Python for enriching Repository Metadata with WikiData Concepts and their use on EPrints JSON-LD metadata and a test dataset of publications in information visualization is presented. These scripts use DBPedia Spotlight API to annotate scholarly metadata with DBPedia concepts, and these in turn are used to extract translated labels from WikiData. A resource list of relevant projects is included, as well as some additional examples and notes.
description: This was presented by Tomasz Neugebauer and Iryna Kuchma on behalf of the following members of the Ideas Challenge team: Tomasz Neugebauer, Iryna Kuchma, Daisy Selematsela, Tembe Biziwe, Niklas Zimmer, Thomas Zodwa, Jo Havemann, Heather Staines, Francisco Berrizbeitia, Phil Stacey, Kathleen Shearer, Victor Venema, Slava Tykhonov
Policies adopted under duress: A model of fiscal-policy responses to financial crises
Creators: Luby, Ryan Patrick
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Capitalism--Political aspects
subject: Eurozone
subject: Partisanship
subject: Financial crises
subject: Fiscal policy
subject: Political science
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: Economics
subject: Public policy (Law)

description: The present study proposes a model, termed the hybrid model, to explain fiscal-policy responses to financial crises. Although it is applied throughout the present study to the Eurozone, the model’s geographic and substantive scope apply more broadly. Combining and building upon past approaches, the hybrid model proposes three independent variables: partisanship, political capacity, and external actors. The model builds on the literature’s three dominant approaches: partisan, domestic approaches; approaches that emphasize convergence; and approaches that emphasize divergence, represented here primarily by the Varieties of Capitalism (VoC) literature. The hybrid model integrates the domestic emphasis of the partisan approach with the international emphases of the convergence and, to some extent, VoC approaches. The hybrid model builds on the domestic politics of the partisan approach by integrating coalition logic and the tension between coalition partners into the partisan approach’s political landscape. The model also advances the convergence and VoC approaches by providing an explanation for variation in the pressure of financial markets, both over time and across countries, which mediates the influence of external actors in the domestic affairs of sample countries. In addition, with respect to the dependent variable, the present study develops a disaggregated measure that accounts for the diverse distributional implications of fiscal policies’ various dimensions.
      With respect to empirics, the present study employs a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods. Broadly, the large-N results provide support for the hybrid model, particularly as it pertains to partisanship. Event analyses and case studies support the role of external actors; the empirics show the degree to which financial-market pressure mediates the influence of external actors. Combined, the quantitative and qualitative approaches indicate problems with consonance, the particular dimension of political capacity considered in the present study. Both quantitative and qualitative results reveal that consonance, i.e., between-party tensions in coalition governments, provides an incomplete characterization of the factors influencing the political capacity of single-party and coalition governments. The case studies suggest that within-party tensions and party-system strength, as additional measures of political capacity, play key roles in shaping fiscal-policy responses. The empirics also confirm the importance of disaggregating fiscal policy, the dependent variable, beyond the broad measures of fiscal deficit, expenditure, and revenue adopted in the present literature.
Additional file 1 of Serum short-chain fatty acids and its correlation with motor and non-motor symptoms in Parkinson’s disease patients
Creators: name: Wu, Gang
name: Jiang, Zhengli
name: Pu, Yaling
name: Chen, Shiyong
name: Wang, Tingling
name: Wang, Yajing
name: Xu, Xiaoping
name: Wang, Shanshan
name: Jin, Minya
name: Yao, Yangyang
name: Liu, Yang
name: Ke, Shaofa
name: Liu, Suzhi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Mental Health
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 1: Supp Table 1. The correlation between serum SCFAs and UPDRS part III score. Supplementary Fig. 1. UPDRS part III score was significantly positively correlated with disease duration in PD patients (n = 50), R = 0.494, P = 0.000. Investigated by Spearman nonparametric correlation analysis method. UPDRS, Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale. Supplementary Fig. 2. MMSE score was significantly negatively correlated with HAMD score in PD patients, R = -0.375, P = 0.007. Investigated by Spearman nonparametric correlation analysis method. MMSE, Mini-mental State Examination. HAMD, Hamilton Depression Scale.
A new paradigm for the restoration of drastically disturbed sites
Creators: name: Polster, D. F.
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: Traditional reclamation treatments have generally failed to meet expectations for biodiversity and sustainability. Uniform stands of seeded agronomic grasses and legumes can remain successionally stagnant for decades making forest recovery difficult and severely limiting biodiversity. The failure to reestablish natural successional trajectories on many traditionally reclaimed areas results in degraded ecological conditions that invite invasion by weedy species resulting in weed infested reclaimed areas. Restoration treatments based on the use of natural processes that have been addressing natural disturbances for millions of years can be very effective. Natural successional processes provide answers to species selection and sequencing questions while natural nutrient cycling processes can suggest soil development solutions. Natural erosion control processes can be applied to bare soils to address erosion issues. Understanding the factors that prevent or limit natural recovery can also be important to determine solutions. Compaction, steep slopes and excessive erosion are abiotic factors that can prevent recovery while competition and herbivory are common biotic factors that may limit recovery. This paper presents a new model for treatment of drastically disturbed sites based on the application of these natural processes and the filters (constraints) that limit these processes. Examples are drawn from the author’s experience of over 30 years of reclaiming drastically disturbed sites.
Additional file 1: of Health status deterioration in subjects with mild to moderate airflow obstruction, a six years observational study
Creators: name: Rodrigues, Fernanda
name: Demeyer, Heleen
name: Loeckx, Matthias
name: Hornikx, Miek
name: Remoortel, Hans Van
name: Janssens, Wim
name: Troosters, Thierry
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Table S1. Characteristics of subjects who completed six years follow up and those who dropped out. (DOCX 14 kb)
Ensete ventricosum Cheesman
Creators: name: Zhou, Ya-Dong
name: Mwachala, Geoffrey
name: Hu, Guang-Wan
name: Wang, Qing-Feng
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Liliopsida
Zingiberales
Musaceae
Ensete
Ensete ventricosum

description: Ensete ventricosum (Welw.) Cheesman  —
Habit: Herb.
Habitat: LMWF; up to 2 300 m. Distribution: II.
 Voucher: Kaburia Track, Alt. 2 148 m, 10 Aug. 2015, SAJIT 003926 (HIB).
Reference: Lock (1993).
description: Published as part of Zhou, Ya-Dong, Mwachala, Geoffrey, Hu, Guang-Wan & Wang, Qing-Feng, 2022, Annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Mount Kenya, East Africa, pp. 1-108 in Phytotaxa 546 (1) on page 30, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.546.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6550464
Relic Gravitational Waves from Cosmic Strings: Updated Constraints and Opportunities for Detection
Creators: name: Caldwell, R. R.
name: Battye, R. A.
name: Shellard, E. P. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the spectrum of gravitational radiation emitted by a network of cosmic strings, with emphasis on the observational constraints and the opportunities for detection. The analysis improves over past work, as we use a phenomenological model for the radiation spectrum emitted by a cosmic string loop. This model attempts to include the effect of the gravitational back-reaction on the radiation emission by an individual loop with a high frequency cut-off in the spectrum. Comparison of the total spectrum due to a network of strings with the recently improved bound on the amplitude of a stochastic gravitational wave background, due to measurements of noise in pulsar signal arrival times, allows us to exclude a range of values of $μ$, the cosmic string linear mass density, for certain values of cosmic string and cosmological parameters. We find the conservative bound $Gμ/c^2 < 5.4 (\pm 1.1) \times 10^{-6}$ which is consistent with all other limits. We consider variations of the standard cosmological scenario, finding that an under dense, $Ω_0 < 1$ universe has little effect on the spectrum, whereas the portion of the spectrum probed by gravitational wave detectors is strongly sensitive to the thermal history of the cosmological fluid. We discuss the opportunity for the observation of this stochastic background by resonant mass and laser interferometer gravitational wave detectors.
description: 12 pages (REVTeX), 5 figures
Statistical Geometry in Quantum Mechanics
Creators: name: Brody, Dorje C.
name: Hughston, Lane P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A statistical model M is a family of probability distributions, characterised by a set of continuous parameters known as the parameter space. This possesses natural geometrical properties induced by the embedding of the family of probability distributions into the Hilbert space H. By consideration of the square-root density function we can regard M as a submanifold of the unit sphere in H. Therefore, H embodies the `state space' of the probability distributions, and the geometry of M can be described in terms of the embedding of in H. The geometry in question is characterised by a natural Riemannian metric (the Fisher-Rao metric), thus allowing us to formulate the principles of classical statistical inference in a natural geometric setting. In particular, we focus attention on the variance lower bounds for statistical estimation, and establish generalisations of the classical Cramer-Rao and Bhattacharyya inequalities. The statistical model M is then specialised to the case of a submanifold of the state space of a quantum mechanical system. This is pursued by introducing a compatible complex structure on the underlying real Hilbert space, which allows the operations of ordinary quantum mechanics to be reinterpreted in the language of real Hilbert space geometry. The application of generalised variance bounds in the case of quantum statistical estimation leads to a set of higher order corrections to the Heisenberg uncertainty relations for canonically conjugate observables.
description: 32 pages, LaTex file, Extended version to include quantum measurement theory
Uaupesia Bechyne 1957
Creators: name: Viswajyothi, Keezhpattillam
name: Clark, Shawn M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Chrysomelidae
Uaupesia

description: Genus Uaupesia Bechyné, 1957
Uaupesia Bechyné, 1957: 139 (type species Uaupesia romani Bechyné, 1957, by monotypy).
Remarks
This genus contains eight described species, all from South America. See Figs 69 and 197.
description: Published as part of Viswajyothi, Keezhpattillam & Clark, Shawn M., 2022, New World genera of Galerucinae Latreille, 1802 (tribes Galerucini Latreille, 1802, Metacyclini Chapuis, 1875, and Luperini Gistel, 1848): an annotated list and identification key (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), pp. 1-102 in European Journal of Taxonomy 842 on pages 17-18, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2022.842.1945, http://zenodo.org/record/7222499