cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
What is clinically relevant weight loss for your patients and how can it be achieved? A narrative review
Creators: name: Horn, Deborah B.
name: Almandoz, Jaime P.
name: Look, Michelle
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Obesity is a chronic disease with increasing prevalence. It affects quality of life and renders those affected at increased risk of mortality. For people living with obesity, weight loss is one of the most important strategies to improve health outcomes and prevent or reverse obesity-related complications. In line with newly released clinical practice guidelines, weight loss targets for people living with obesity should be defined individually based on their clinical profile, and progress measured in the context of improvements in health outcomes, rather than weight loss alone. We outline current treatment options for clinically meaningful weight loss and briefly discuss pharmacological agents and devices under development. Numerous studies have shown that weight loss of ≥5% results in significant improvements in cardiometabolic risk factors associated with obesity; this degree of weight loss is also required for the approval of novel anti-obesity medications by the US Food and Drug Administration. However, some obesity-related comorbidities and complications, such as non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, obstructive sleep apnea, gastroesophageal reflux disease and remission of type 2 diabetes, require a greater magnitude of weight loss to achieve clinically meaningful improvements. In this review, we assessed the available literature describing the effect of categorical weight losses of ≥5%, ≥10%, and ≥15% on obesity-related comorbidities and complications, and challenge the concept of clinically meaningful weight loss to go beyond percentage change in total body weight. We discuss weight-loss interventions including lifestyle interventions and therapeutic options including devices, and pharmacological and surgical approaches as assessed from the available literature.
Noise-created bistability and stochastic resonance of impurities diffusing in a semiconductor layer
Creators: name: Asfaw, Mesfin
name: Aragie, Berhanu
name: Bekele, Mulugeta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the dynamics of impurities walking along a semiconductor layer assisted by thermal noise of strength $D$ and external harmonic potential $V(x)$. Applying a nonhomogeneous hot temperature in the vicinity of the potential minimum may modify the external potential into a bistable effective potential. We propose the ways of mobilizing and eradicating the unwanted impurities along the semiconductor layer. Furthermore, the thermally activated rate of hopping for the impurities as a function of the model parameters is studied in high barrier limit. Via two state approximation, we also study the stochastic resonance (SR) of the impurities dynamics where the same noise source that induces the dynamics also induces the transition from mono-stable to bistable state which leads to SR in the presence of time varying field.
description: Accepted for publication in EPJB
Political risks of Chinese investments and the impact of the Belt and Road Initiative
Creators: name: Zalke, Harshal
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2020
Subjects: Political risk
OFDI
BRI
OLI
SBC
Outward Foreign Direct Investment
Belt and Road Initiative
Ownership Location and Internalization
Soft Budget Constraint

description: Chinese Outward Foreign Direct Investment (OFDI) has traditionally been attracted to countries with high political risks – a worrying trend as this exposes the investments to additional risks such as economic default on loans and ensuing socioeconomic instability (Drezner 2019). In the context of the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), this is of significant concern because of the large amounts of Chinese FDI that flow through the BRI. Yet what do we actually know about political risk considerations in Chinese Outward Foreign Direct Investment (OFDI) with respect to the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI)? Over the years, academic research has tried to understand the determinants of Chinese Outward Investments - a key instrument in the economic rise of China (Du & Zhang, 2018). Early data on Chinese foreign investment behavior prior to the initiation of the BRI suggests that Chinese firms were highly acceptant of political risks compared to non-Chinese firms (Buckley 2007; Kolstad and Wiig 2012). Chinese firms invested heavily in countries at significant risk of political and economic instability, largely due to the moral hazards stemming from soft budget constraints affecting the state-owned enterprises (SOEs) in China’s command economy (Kornai 1980; Li and Liang 1998). Does this trend hold today in regard to Chinese firms’ investment behavior in the context of the major expansion in Chinese OFDI under the Belt and Road Initiative? What is the empirical evidence to support or challenge the assertions that the Belt and Road Initiative will incentivize Chinese ODFI to behave more like non-Chinese standard firms? In this report, I examine the empirical claims regarding Chinese OFDI political risk behavior. Using the ICRG Political Risk Index and the Chinese Global Investment Tracker for the period 2005 - 2017, I run a panel data regression to investigate how host country political risk affects the flows of Chinese OFDI. The results of the statistical analysis, when analyzed through existing theoretical frameworks, indicate that Chinese OFDI is far less political risk acceptance than previously thought. This suggests that prevailing concerns about Chinese OFDI under the Belt and Road Initiative are not as well-founded as previously thought
Is it all about age? Clinical characteristics of Kawasaki disease in the extremely young: PeRA research group experience
Creators: name: Çakmak, Figen
name: Demir, Ferhat
name: Çakan, Mustafa
name: Sonmez, Hafize Emine
name: Çağlayan, Şengül
name: Karadağ, Şerife Gül
name: Varlı, Yusuf Ziya
name: Yener, Gülçin Otar
name: Öztürk, Kübra
name: Sözeri, Betül
name: Ayaz, Nuray Aktay
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: In the evaluation of children with Kawasaki disease (KD), the age of onset is important and complications may occur if the distinctive features are not assessed accordingly. The objective of the study is to define the clinical and laboratory presentations and treatment outcomes of KD in infants ≤6 months of age compared to those >6 months multicentrically. This retrospective study reviewed the medical records of the patients diagnosed with KD and followed up between January 2009 and January 2019. A total of 204 KD patients were enrolled and grouped according to age as Group I (≤6 months, n = 31) and Group II (>6 months, n = 173). Except for cervical adenopathy (19.3% vs. 47.4%, p = 0.03), the major clinical manifestations of KD were similar between groups I and II. However, the frequency of incomplete and atypical KD was higher in Group I (38.7% vs. 24.8%, p = 0.04, 38.7% vs. 8.1% p < 0.001, respectively). Clinical features such as vomiting/diarrhea (19.3% vs. 1.1% p < 0.001), aseptic meningitis (19.3% vs. 2.3%, p = 0.001) were more common in Group I. Percentage of neutrophils (45.5 vs. 36, p = 0.004) and hemoglobin levels (8 vs. 10.5 gr/dL, p = 0.02) were statistically lower and platelet count (737,000 vs 400,000/mm3, p = 0.004) was statistically higher in group I. Coronary artery lesions (CALs) were more common in Group I (48% vs. 20%, p < 0.001). Harada and Kobayashi scores appear to be effective in predicting coronary artery lesions (CALs) and IVIG resistance in the entire cohort. There was no diagnostic delay in group I (5.5 vs 6.5 days, p = 0.88). Since clinical presentations and laboratory features of KD may vary with age, and the frequency of atypical and incomplete presentations is high, awareness of KD in young children should be raised among pediatricians.
Pembrolizumab plus lenvatinib for radically unresectable or metastatic renal cell carcinoma in the Japanese population
Creators: name: Fujiwara, Ryo
name: yuasa, Takeshi
name: kobayashi, kenichi
name: yoshida, tetsuya
name: kageyama, susumu
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: At present, the combination of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) or an ICI and a tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) are the main treatment options as first-line therapy for metastatic renal cell cancer (mRCC). Among them, pembrolizumab plus lenvatinib was recently launched in Japanese clinical practice. In this review, the efficacies and safety profiles of pembrolizumab plus lenvatinib for mRCC between Japanese and global populations are compared. In addition, lenvatinib is currently available for the treatment of not only mRCC but also of endometrial, thyroid, thymic, and hepatocellular cancers. We briefly summarized the characteristics of pembrolizumab plus lenvatinib or lenvatinib monotherapy for these malignancies. Finally, the characteristics of pembrolizumab plus lenvatinib for mRCC in the Japanese population are briefly elucidated. In order to develop optimal personalized treatment for mRCC patients, it is necessary for physicians who treat mRCC patients to possess in-depth knowledge of not only the efficacy and safety profile of the respective therapies but also of the interpatient heterogeneities between Japanese and global populations.
Chromospheric Activity and Jitter Measurements for 2630 Stars on the California Planet Search
Creators: name: Isaacson, Howard
name: Fischer, Debra Ann
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present time series measurements of chromospheric activity for more than 2600 main sequence and subgiant stars on the California Planet Search (CPS) program with spectral types ranging from about F5V to M4V for main sequence stars and from G0IV to about K5IV for subgiants. The large data set of more than 44,000 spectra allows us to identify an empirical baseline floor for chromospheric activity as a function of color and height above the main sequence. We define $ΔS$ as an excess in emission in the Ca II H\&K lines above the baseline activity floor and define radial velocity jitter as a function of $ΔS$ and \bv\ for main sequence and subgiant stars. Although the jitter for any individual star can always exceed the baseline level, we find that K dwarfs have the lowest level of jitter. The lack of correlation between observed jitter and chromospheric activity in K dwarfs suggests that the observed jitter is dominated by instrumental or analysis errors and not astrophysical noise sources. Thus, given the long-term precision for the CPS program, radial velocities are not correlated with astrophysical noise for chromospherically quiet K dwarf stars, making these stars particularly well-suited for the highest precision Doppler surveys. Chromospherically quiet F and G dwarfs and subgiants exhibit higher baseline levels of astrophysical jitter than K dwarfs. Despite the fact that the \rms\ in Doppler velocities is correlated with the mean chromospheric activity, it is rare to see one-to-one correlations between the individual time series activity and Doppler measurements, diminishing the prospects for correcting activity-induced velocity variations.
description: 17 figures, two large tex tables, accepted ApJ
Powered Bulk Scooping in Potato Storages
Creators: name: Orr, Paul H.
name: Orr, Paul H.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1971
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Production Economics
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: Excerpts from the report: Powered bulk scooping of potatoes is a method of moving potatoes from bulk piles to packing or processing lines. Although earlier uses of this method are known, rapid acceptance did not occur in the potato industry until the 1963-64 shipping season. It is now a principal method of removing potatoes from storage. The bulk-scooping method offers several advantages, but primarily its use results in lower costs and reduced labor requirements. Time study techniques were used to obtain elemental performance data for a typical powered bulk scoop. These data were then synthesized to represent the performance of a scoop or several scoops within each selected method. Ownership, operating, and labor costs were developed for each item of equipment. These values were then further combined and presented as annual costs for each method over a wide range of output rates and hauling distances. The information developed from these evaluations and studies are shown as (1) data for selecting bin size, storage size, and receiving hopper location combinations, (2) curves illustrating the output of a typical powered bulk scoop over a range of haul distances, and (3) annual cost data for comparing the methods in various handling situations.
Syncope in patients with transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy: clinical features and outcomes
Creators: name: Barge-Caballero, Gonzalo
name: Barge-Caballero, Eduardo
name: López-Pérez, Manuel
name: Bilbao-Quesada, Raquel
name: González-Babarro, Eva
name: Gómez-Otero, Inés
name: López-López, Andrea
name: Gutiérrez-Feijoo, Mario
name: Varela-Román, Alfonso
name: González-Juanatey, Carlos
name: Díaz-Castro, Óscar
name: Crespo-Leiro, María G.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: We aimed to describe the clinical characteristics, underlying causes and outcomes of syncope in patients with transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy (ATTR-CM). The clinical profile and underlying causes of syncopal episodes were reviewed in a cohort of 128 patients with ATTR-CM enrolled from January 2018 to June 2020 in a prospective multicentre registry in 7 hospitals of Galicia (Spain). After enrollment, patients were followed during a median period of 520 days. The effect of syncope on all-cause mortality was assessed by means of multivariate Cox´s regression. Thirty (23.4%) patients had a history of previous syncope as a clinical antecedent before being enrolled in the prospective phase of the registry, and 4 (3.1%) experienced a first episode of syncope thereafter. The estimated incidence density rate of syncope during the prospective follow-up period after registry enrollment was 71.9 episodes per 1000 patients-year (95% Confidence Interval (CI) 32.8–111.1). The estimated overall prevalence of syncope was 26.6% (95% CI 18.9%–34.2%). Cardiac arrhythmias (n = 11, 32.3%), structural diseases of the heart or great vessels (n = 5, 14.7%), a neurally mediated reflex (n = 6, 17.6%), and orthostatic hypotension (n = 4, 11.8%) were identified as probable underlying causes of syncope; in 8 (23.6%) patients, syncope remained unexplained. Patients with syncope had increased non-adjusted all-cause mortality than patients without it (univariate hazard-ratio 3.37; 95% CI 1.43–7.94). When other independent predictors of survival were added to the survival model, this association was no longer statistically significant (multivariate hazard-ratio 1.81, 95% CI 0.67–4.84). Syncope is frequent in patients with ATTR-CM. This study could not demonstrate an independent association between syncope and mortality in those individuals. Abbreviations: ATTR-CM: Transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy; CI: Confidence Interval; HF: Heart Failure; HR: Hazard Ratio; IQR: Interquartile rank; LVEF: Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction; NTproBNP: N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide; SD: Standard Deviation; 99mTc-DPD: technetium-99m-labeled 3,3-diphosphono-1,2-propanodicarboxylic acid.
Solution of the Roth-Marques-Durian Rotational Abrasion Model
Creators: name: Chen, Bryan Gin-ge
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We solve the rotational abrasion model of Roth, Marques and Durian (arXiv:1009.3492), a one-dimensional quasilinear partial differential equation resembling the inviscid Burgers equation with the unusual feature of a step function factor as a coefficient. The complexity of the solution is primarily in keeping track of the cases in the piecewise function that results from certain amputation and interpolation processes, so we also extract from it a model of an evolving planar tree graph that tracks the evolution of the coarse features of the contour.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
WLCG Strategy towards HL-LHC
Creators: name: Campana Simone
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: WLCG
strategy
HL-LHC

description: This document summarises the strategy of the WLCG collaboration towards the challenges of HL-LHC. It is a top-down prioritisation of the aspects highlighted in the HEP Software Foundation white paper "A Roadmap for HEP Software and Computing R&D for the 2020s"
description: {"references": ["The HEP Software Foundation., Albrecht, J., Alves, A.A. et al. A Roadmap for HEP Software and Computing R&D for the 2020s. Comput Softw Big Sci 3, 7 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s41781-018-0018-8"]}
PMAS Optical Integral Field Spectroscopy of Luminous Infrared Galaxies. II.-- Spatially resolved stellar populations and excitation conditions
Creators: name: Alonso-Herrero, Almudena
name: Garcia-Marin, Macarena
name: Zaurin, Javier Rodriguez
name: Monreal-Ibero, Ana
name: Colina, Luis
name: Arribas, Santiago
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The general properties of luminous and ultraluminous infrared galaxies (LIRGs and ULIRGs) in the local universe are well known since large samples of these objects have been the subject of numerous spectroscopic works. There are, however, relatively few studies of large samples of LIRGs and ULIRGs using integral field spectroscopy (IFS). We analyze optical (3800-7200A) IFS data taken with the Potsdam Multi-Aperture Spectrophotometer (PMAS) of the central few kiloparsecs of 11 LIRGs. To study the stellar populations we fit the optical stellar continuum and the hydrogen recombination lines of selected regions. We analyze the excitation conditions of the gas using the spatially resolved properties of the brightest optical emission lines. The optical continua of the selected regions are well fitted with a combination of evolved (~0.7-10Gyr) and ionizing (1-20Myr) stellar populations. The latter is more obscured than the evolved population, and has visual extinctions in good agreement with those obtained from the Balmer decrement. Except for NGC 7771, there is no clear evidence for an important contribution to the optical light from an intermediate-aged population (~100-500Myr). Even after correcting for the presence of stellar absorption, a large fraction of spaxels with low observed equivalent widths of Halpha in emission still show enhanced [NII]/Halpha and [SII]/Halpha ratios. These ratios are likely to be produced by a combination of photoionization in HII regions and diffuse emission. These regions of enhanced ratios are generally coincident with low surface brightness HII regions and diffuse emission detected in the Halpha and Pa-alpha images. Using the PMAS line ratios and the NICMOS Pa-alpha photometry of HII regions we find that the fraction of diffuse emission in LIRGs varies from galaxy to galaxy, and it is generally less than 60% as found in other starburst galaxies. (Abridged)
description: Accepted for publication in A&A
The Edgeworth-Kuiper debris disk
Creators: name: Vitense, Christian
name: Krivov, Alexander V.
name: Löhne, Torsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: (Abridged) The Edgeworth-Kuiper belt with its presumed dusty debris is a natural reference for extrsolar debris disks. We employ a new algorithm to eliminate the inclination and the distance selection effects in the known TNO populations to derive expected parameters of the "true" EKB. Its estimated mass is M_EKB=0.12 M_earth, which is by a factor of \sim 15 larger than the mass of the EKB objects detected so far. About a half of the total EKB mass is in classical and resonant objects and another half is in scattered ones. Treating the debiased populations of EKB objects as dust parent bodies, we then "generate" their dust disk with our collisional code. Apart from accurate handling of collisions and direct radiation pressure, we include the Poynting-Robertson (P-R) drag, which cannot be ignored for the EKB dust disk. Outside the classical EKB, the radial profile of the optical depth approximately follows tau \sim r^-2 which is roughly intermediate between the slope predicted analytically for collision-dominated (r^-1.5) and transport-dominated (r^-2.5) disks. The cross section-dominating grain size still lies just above the blowout size (\sim 1...2 \microm), as it would without the P-R transport. However, if the EKB were by one order of magnitude less massive, the optical depth profile would fall off as tau \sim r^-3, and the cross section-dominating grain size would shift from \sim 1...2\microm to ~100 \microm. These properties are seen if dust is assumed to be generated only by known TNOs. If the solar system were observed from outside, the thermal emission flux from the EKB dust would be about two orders of magnitude lower than for solar-type stars with the brightest known infrared excesses observed from the same distance. Herschel and other new-generation facilities should reveal extrasolar debris disks nearly as tenuous as the EKB disk. The Herschel/PACS instrument should be able to detect disks at a \sim 1...2M_EKB level.
description: 18 pages, 14 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
Is it all about age? Clinical characteristics of kawasaki disease in the extremely young: PeRA research group experience
Creators: name: Çakmak, Figen
name: Demir, Ferhat
name: Çakan, Mustafa
name: Sonmez, Hafize Emine
name: Çağlayan, Şengül
name: Karadağ, Şerife Gül
name: Varlı, Yusuf Ziya
name: Yener, Gülçin Otar
name: Öztürk, Kübra
name: Sözeri, Betül
name: Ayaz, Nuray Aktay
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: In the evaluation of children with Kawasaki disease (KD), the age of onset is important and complications may occur if the distinctive features are not assessed accordingly. The objective of the study is to define the clinical and laboratory presentations and treatment outcomes of KD in infants ≤6 months of age compared to those >6 months multicentrically. This retrospective study reviewed the medical records of the patients diagnosed with KD and followed up between January 2009 and January 2019. A total of 204 KD patients were enrolled and grouped according to age as Group I (≤6 months, n = 31) and Group II (>6 months, n = 173). Except for cervical adenopathy (19.3% vs. 47.4%, p = 0.03), the major clinical manifestations of KD were similar between groups I and II. However, the frequency of incomplete and atypical KD was higher in Group I (38.7% vs. 24.8%, p = 0.04, 38.7% vs. 8.1% p < 0.001, respectively). Clinical features such as vomiting/diarrhea (19.3% vs. 1.1% p < 0.001), aseptic meningitis (19.3% vs. 2.3%, p = 0.001) were more common in Group I. Percentage of neutrophils (45.5 vs. 36, p = 0.004) and hemoglobin levels (8 vs. 10.5 gr/dL, p = 0.02) were statistically lower and platelet count (737,000 vs 400,000/mm3, p = 0.004) was statistically higher in group I. Coronary artery lesions (CALs) were more common in Group I (48% vs. 20%, p < 0.001). Harada and Kobayashi scores appear to be effective in predicting coronary artery lesions (CALs) and IVIG resistance in the entire cohort. There was no diagnostic delay in group I (5.5 vs 6.5 days, p = 0.88). Since clinical presentations and laboratory features of KD may vary with age, and the frequency of atypical and incomplete presentations is high, awareness of KD in young children should be raised among pediatricians.
Over-the-Road Costs of Hauling Bulk Milk
Creators: name: Moede, Herbert H.
name: Moede, Herbert H.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1971
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Milk hauling costs
subject: Bulk milk transport
subject: Trucking costs

description: This report uses synthetic cost analysis to develop total costs for a bulk milk transport carrying a 47,300-pound payload. Total trip costs are analyzed on the basis of mileage hauled, hundredweight, and hundredweight trip mile. Results indicate cost per hundredweight trip mile is much greater for short-haul trips than for longer trips.
Modeling and analysis of diffusive molecular communication systems
Creators: name: Noel, Adam
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: Diffusive molecular communication (MC) is a promising strategy for the transfer of information in synthetic networks at the nanoscale. If such devices could communicate, then it would expand their cumulative capacity and potentially enable applications such as cooperative diagnostics in medicine, bottom-up fabrication in manufacturing, and sensitive environmental monitoring. Diffusion-based MC relies on the random motion of information molecules due to collisions with other molecules. This dissertation presents a novel system model for three-dimensional diffusive MC where molecules can also be carried by steady uniform flow or participate in chemical reactions. The expected channel impulse response due to a point source of molecules is derived and its statistics are studied. The mutual information between consecutive observations at the receiver is also derived. A simulation framework that accommodates the details of the system model is introduced. A joint estimation problem is formulated for the underlying system model parameters. The Cramer-Rao lower bound on the variance of estimation error is derived. Maximum likelihood estimation is considered and shown to be better than the Cramer-Rao lower bound when it is biased. Peak-based estimators are proposed for the low-complexity estimation of any single channel parameter. Optimal and suboptimal receiver design is considered for detecting the transmission of ON/OFF keying impulses. Optimal joint detection provides a bound on detector performance. The weighted sum detector is proposed as a suboptimal alternative that is more physically realizable. The performance of a weighted sum detector can become comparable to that of the optimal detector when the environment has a mechanism to reduce intersymbol interference. A model for noise sources that continuously release molecules is studied. The time-varying and asymptotic impact of such sources is derived. The model for asymptotic noise is used to approximate the impact of multiuser interference and also the impact of older bits of intersymbol interference.
Exponentialgleichungen
Creators: name: Schröer, Harald
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Exponentialgleichung, Logarithmus, Basis, Koeffizienten,4.Grad, 3.Grad, Reduktion,Rückführung,kubisch,Resolvente

description: Eine allgemeine Exponentialgleichung 4.Grades wird auf ein Polynom 4.Grades zurückgeführt. Das Ergebnis kann verallgemeinert werden.
Foreign Direct Investment in Ukraine
Creators: name: Puzikova, Valentyna
Publisher: name: Hannover : Wirtschaftswissenschaftliche Fakultät, Leibniz Universität Hannover
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: FDI
subject: FDI net inflows
subject: long-lasting links
subject: economic growth
subject: investment
subject: Netto-FDI-Zuflüsse
subject: langfristige Beziehungen
subject: Wirtschaftswachstum
subject: Investitionen
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::300 | Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie, Anthropologie::330 | Wirtschaft

description: The Ukrainian economy cannot ensure economic reconstruction after the war and needs new opportunities for its development. Foreign direct investment (FDI) is an important instrument that can help. FDI provides capital relevant for increasing the profitability of economic sectors. FDI is also part of political investment - should be given priority in government activities. For this reason, it triggers economic growth and improves macroeconomic performance when it is used to develop the market and its infrastructure. In this article, I give an overview of the understanding of FDI and its actual situation in Ukraine. The arguments reflect mainly an investor's point of view. This helps to emphasize the importance of realistic and informative data for assessing the attractiveness of Ukraine. A first step in this direction is made with reference to international indices. I will try to review a reflection of relevant indices, which provide an assessment of the macroeconomic situation in Ukraine. The main results of the article: an overview of the real situation with FDI in Ukraine and the importance of using international indices during the FDI processes. The benefits of FDI do not appear automatically. It depends on the investment policy of host countries, especially Ukraine. My contribution to this article is to draw attention to the current situation with FDI in Ukraine and the issue of the lack of systematic use of international indices during the FDI processes. Without a clear understanding of these issues, it is impossible to answer the following questions that need to be studied, such as how to solve the challenges with FDI and attract new foreign capital to Ukraine. The article will be of interest to those who are interested in the issue of investment policy in the context of Ukraine, study this issue at the scientific level, and practically develop and implement the strategy of investment policy in Ukraine. The main conclusion of the article is to show the importance of revising the approaches to political investment in Ukraine, taking into account the international evaluation indices.
Superfluid dynamics in neutron star crusts
Creators: name: Pethick, C. J.
name: Chamel, N.
name: Reddy, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A simple description of superfluid hydrodynamics in the inner crust of a neutron star is given. Particular attention is paid to the effect of the lattice of nuclei on the properties of the superfluid neutrons, and the effects of entrainment, the fact that some fraction of the neutrons are locked to the motion of the protons in nuclei.
Fundamentals of LHC Experiments
Creators: name: Nielsen, Jason
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Experiments on the Large Hadron Collider at CERN represent our furthest excursion yet along the energy frontier of particle physics. The goal of probing physical processes at the TeV energy scale puts strict requirements on the performance of accelerator and experiment, dictating the awe-inspiring dimensions of both. These notes, based on a set of five lectures given at the 2010 Theoretical Advanced Studies Institute in Boulder, Colorado, not only review the physics considered as part of the accelerator and experiment design, but also introduce algorithms and tools used to interpret experimental results in terms of theoretical models. The search for new physics beyond the Standard Model presents many new challenges, a few of which are addressed in specific examples.
description: 23 pages; lecture notes from 2010 Theoretical Advanced Studies Institute in Boulder, Colorado
Hybrid Quantum System of a Nanofiber Mode Coupled to Two Chains of Optically Trapped Atoms
Creators: name: Zoubi, Hashem
name: Ritsch, Helmut
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A tapered optical nanofiber simultaneously used to trap and optically interface of cold atoms through evanescent fields constitutes a new and well controllable hybrid quantum system. The atoms are trapped in two parallel 1D optical lattices generated by suitable far blue and red detuned evanescent field modes very close to opposite sides of the nanofiber surface. Collective electronic excitations (excitons) of each of the optical lattices are resonantly coupled to the second lattice forming symmetric and antisymmetric common excitons. In contrast to the inverse cube dependence of the individual atomic dipole-dipole interaction, we analytically find an exponentially decaying coupling strength with distance between the lattices. The resulting symmetric (bright) excitons strongly interact with the resonant nanofiber photons to form fiber polaritons, which can be observed through linear optical spectra. For large enough wave vectors the polariton decay rate to free space is strongly reduced, which should render this system ideal for the realization of long range quantum communication between atomic ensembles.
description: 9 pages, 9 figures
Additional file 1 of Temporal trends in the prevalence of metabolic syndrome among middle-aged and elderly adults from 2011 to 2015 in China: the China health and retirement longitudinal study (CHARLS)
Creators: name: Liu, Bo
name: Chen, Guanqun
name: Zhao, Ruijie
name: Huang, Dan
name: Tao, Lixin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Mental Health

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Age-specific prevalence of metabolic syndrome based on different definitions in 2011 and 2015. Table S2. Region-specific prevalence of metabolic syndrome based on different definitions in 2011 and 2015. Table S3. Prevalence of components of metabolic syndrome based on different definitions in 2011 and 2015. Supplementary information accompanies this paper at https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/DQ7BGK .
Image and haptic guidance for robot-assisted laparoscopic surgery
Creators: name: Mohareri, Omid
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: Surgical removal of the prostate gland using the da Vinci surgical robot is the state of the art treatment option for organ confined prostate cancer. The da Vinci system provides excellent 3D visualization of the surgical site and improved dexterity, but it lacks haptic force feedback and subsurface tissue visualization. The overall objective of the work done in this thesis is to augment the existing visualization tools of the da Vinci with ones that can identify the prostate boundary, critical structures, and cancerous tissue so that prostate resection can be carried out with minimal damage to the adjacent critical structures, and therefore, with minimal complications. Towards this objective we designed and implemented a real-time image guidance system based on a robotic transrectal ultrasound (R-TRUS) platform that works in tandem with the da Vinci surgical system and tracks its surgical instruments. In addition to ultrasound as an intrinsic imaging modality, the system was first used to bring pre-operative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to the operating room by registering the pre-operative MRI to the intraoperative ultrasound and displaying the MRI image at the correct physical location based on the real-time ultrasound image. Second, a method of using the R-TRUS system for tissue palpation is proposed by expanding it to be used in conjunction with a real-time strain imaging technique. Third, another system based on the R-TRUS is described for detecting dominant prostate tumors, based on a combination of features extracted from a novel multi-parametric quantitative ultrasound elastography technique. We tested our systems in an animal study followed by human patient studies involving n = 49 patients undergoing da Vinci prostatectomy. The clinical studies were conducted to evaluate the feasibility of using these systems in real human procedures, and also to improve and optimize our imaging systems using patient data. Finally, a novel force feedback control framework is presented as a solution to the lack of haptic feedback in the current clinically used surgical robots. The framework has been implemented on the da Vinci surgical system using the da Vinci Research Kit controllers and its performance has been evaluated by conducting user studies.
Cold neutron scattering in imperfect deuterium crystals
Creators: name: Adamczak, Andrzej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The differential cross sections for cold neutron scattering in mosaic deuterium crystals have been calculated for various target temperatures. The theoretical results are compared with the recent experimental data for the neutron wavelengths $λ\approx$~1--9~Å. It is shown that the structures of observed Bragg peaks can be explained by the mosaic spread of about $3^{\circ}$ and contributions from a~limited number of crystal orientations. Such a~crystal structure should be also taken into account in ultracold neutron upscattering due to the coherent phonon annihilation in solid deuterium.
description: 14 pages, 5 figures
A Study of Differential Rotation on II Pegasi via Photometric Starspot Imaging
Creators: name: Roettenbacher, Rachael M.
name: Harmon, Robert O.
name: Vutisalchavakul, Nalin
name: Henry, Gregory W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of a study of differential rotation on the K2 IV primary of the RS CVn binary II Pegasi (HD 224085) performed by inverting light curves to produce images of the dark starspots on its surface. The data were obtained in the standard Johnson B and V filter passbands via the Tennessee State University T3 0.4-m Automated Photometric Telescope from JD 2447115.8086 to 2454136.6221 (1987 November 16 to 2007 February 5). The observations were subdivided into 68 data sets consisting of pairs of B and V light curves, which were then inverted using a constrained non-linear inversion algorithm that makes no a priori assumptions regarding the number of spots or their shapes. The resulting surface images were then assigned to 21 groups corresponding to time intervals over which we could observe the evolution of a given group of spots (except for three groups consisting of single data sets). Of these 21 groups, six showed convincing evidence of differential rotation over time intervals of several months. For the others, the spot configuration was such that differential rotation was neither exhibited nor contraindicated. The differential rotation we infer is in the same sense as that on the Sun: lower latitudes have shorter rotation periods. From plots of the range in longitude spanned by the spotted regions vs. time, we obtain estimates of the differential rotation coefficient k defined in earlier work by Henry et al., and show that our results for its value are consistent with the value obtained therein.
description: Submitted to The Astronomical Journal
WAYS TO INCREASE THE ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF HANDON PISTACHIO GROWTH IN THE CONDITIONS OF GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE
Creators: name: Tulanov, Dilyor
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: This article provides a detailed analysis of the economic efficiency of Khandon pistachio cultivation. It covers the agricultural importance of the product, cultivation technologies and resources, as well as economic analysis. The high profitability, export potential and opportunities for creating added value of Khandon pistachio cultivation are studied. The socio-economic impact and development prospects in rural areas are also considered. The article provides recommendations on the benefits of Khandon pistachio production and ways to effectively manage resources.
Event-by-event charged-neutral fluctuations in Pb+Pb collisions at 158 A~GeV
Creators: name: WA98 Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Charged particles and photons have been measured in central Pb+Pb collisions at 158 A GeV in a common ($η$ - $ϕ$)-phase space region in the WA98 experiment at the CERN SPS. The measured distributions have been analyzed %using the sliding window method in order to quantify the frequency with which phase space regions of varying sizes have either small or large neutral pion fraction. The measured results are compared with VENUS model simulated events and with mixed events. Events with both large and small charged-neutral fluctuations are observed to occur more frequently than expected statistically, as deduced from mixed events, or as predicted by model simulations, with the difference becoming more prominent with decreasing size of the $Δη$ - $Δϕ$ region.
description: six pages, six figures
Die kleine böse Randnotiz: Schockfotos auf Zigarettenschachteln
Creators: name: Vollbrecht, Ralf
Publisher: name: Medienwelten – Zeitschrift für Medienpädagogik
Year: 2018

description: Um den Bürgerinnen und Bürgern das Rauchen zu verleiden, setzt die Europäische Union seit zwei Jahren auf die gesetzliche Vor­abe, möglichst eklige bzw. abschreckende Fotos der Folgen des Tabakkonsums auf die Verpackungen zu drucken. Seither tragen auch in Deutschland Zigarettenschachteln, Tabak zum Selbstdrehen und Wasserpfeifentabak sogenannte „Schock­bil­der“ und Warnhinweise. Aus medienwissenschaftlicher und me­di­en­pädagogischer Sicht war von vornherein arg zu bezwei­feln, dass diese Maßnahme Erfolg hat, weil ihr ein veraltetes und unter­komplexes Medienwirkungsmodell zugrunde liegt.
description: Medienwelten – Zeitschrift für Medienpädagogik, Nr. 8 (2017): Selbstdarstellung
Rezension: Cinepassion – The Sequel
Creators: name: Wüstefeld, Katharina
Publisher: name: Medienwelten – Zeitschrift für Medienpädagogik
Year: 2018

description: Mit Cinépassion – The Sequel. Eine psychoanalytische Filmrevue legt der Psychosozial-Verlag bereits den dritten Band einer Reihe vor und folgt damit der offenkundigen Beliebtheit, die die Verbindung von Film mit Psychoanalyse seit geraumer Zeit und zunehmend bei Filmschauenden, Veranstalter*innen und nicht zuletzt bei psychoanalytisch beleckten und arbeitenden Menschen erfährt.
description: Medienwelten – Zeitschrift für Medienpädagogik, Nr. 8 (2017): Selbstdarstellung
Dissipative solitons: perturbations and chaos formation
Creators: name: Kalashnikov, Vladimir L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The perturbations of chirped dissipative solitons are analyzed in the spectral domain. It is shown, that the structure of the perturbed chirped dissipative soliton is highly nontrivial and has a tendency to an enhancement of the spectral perturbations especially at the spectrum edges, where the irregularities develop. Even spectrally localized perturbations spread over a whole soliton spectrum. As a result of spectral irregularity, the chaotic dynamics develops due to the spectral loss action. In particular, the dissipative soliton can become fragmented though remains localized.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures, III Chaotic Modeling and Simulation International Conference (1-4 June, 2010, Chania, Greece)
„Das Kino heißt jetzt Tengelmann“. Kino-Nostalgie im Film – Ein Essay
Creators: name: Schäfer, Horst
Publisher: name: Medienwelten – Zeitschrift für Medienpädagogik
Year: 2019

description: Neben seinem Gebrauchswert als Ware impliziert das Medium Film künstlerische und kulturelle Aspekte. Das trifft gleichermaßen für das Kino zu; es ist seit seinen Anfängen Teil der Filmkultur. In un­zäh­ligen Filmen werden die Geschichte und Gegenwart des Kinos selbst zum Sujet: als Schauplatz des Geschehens im Genre­filmen von der Love-Story bis hin zum Thriller. Oft sind es kino­nostal­gische Rückblicke auf die Kindheit oder Jugendzeit in struk­turschwachen Regionen, in denen das Kino der Mittelpunkt des Ortes und ein beliebter Treffpunkt war.
description: Medienwelten – Zeitschrift für Medienpädagogik, Nr. 10 (2019): Zurück in die Zukunft? Vom Sterben und Werden des Kinos
On modular properties of the AdS3 CFT
Creators: name: Baron, Walter
name: Nunez, Carmen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study modular properties of the AdS3 WZNW model. Although the Euclidean partition function is modular invariant, the characters on the Euclidean torus are ill-defined and their modular transformations are unknown. We reconsider the characters defined on the Lorentzian torus, focusing on their structure as distributions. We find a generalized S matrix, depending on the sign of the real modular parameters, which has two diagonal blocks and one off-diagonal block, mixing discrete and continuous representations, that we fully determine. We then explore the relations among the modular transformations, the fusion algebra and the boundary states. We explicitly construct Ishibashi states for the maximally symmetric D-branes and show that the generalized S matrix defines the one-point functions associated to point-like and H2 branes as well as the fusion rules of the degenerate representations of SL(2,R) appearing in the open string spectrum of the point-like D-branes, through a generalized Verlinde theorem.
description: 44 pages, 2 figures