cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Critical slowing down near the multiferroic phase transition in MnWO$_4$
Creators: name: Niermann, D.
name: Grams, C. P.
name: Becker, P.
name: Bohatý, L.
name: Schenck, H.
name: Hemberger, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By using broadband dielectric spectroscopy in the radiofrequency and microwave range we studied the magnetoelectric dynamics in the multiferroic chiral antiferromagnet MnWO$_4$. Above the multiferroic phase transition at $T_{N2} \approx 12.6$ K we observe a critical slowing down of the corresponding magnetoelectric fluctuations resembling the soft-mode behavior in canonical ferroelectrics. This electric field driven excitation carries much less spectral weight than ordinary phonon modes. Also the critical slowing down of this mode scales with an exponent larger than one which is expected for magnetic second order phase transition scenarios. Therefore the investigated dynamics have to be interpreted as the softening of an electrically active magnetic excitation, an electromagnon.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, appendix
High-dimensional Censored Regression via the Penalized Tobit Likelihood
Creators: name: Jacobson, Tate
name: Zou, Hui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: High-dimensional regression and regression with a left-censored response are each well-studied topics. In spite of this, few methods have been proposed which deal with both of these complications simultaneously. The Tobit model -- long the standard method for censored regression in economics -- has not been adapted for high-dimensional regression at all. To fill this gap and bring up-to-date techniques from high-dimensional statistics to the field of high-dimensional left-censored regression, we propose several penalized Tobit models. We develop a fast algorithm which combines quadratic minimization with coordinate descent to compute the penalized Tobit solution path. Theoretically, we analyze the Tobit lasso and Tobit with a folded concave penalty, bounding the $\ell_2$ estimation loss for the former and proving that a local linear approximation estimator for the latter possesses the strong oracle property. Through an extensive simulation study, we find that our penalized Tobit models provide more accurate predictions and parameter estimates than other methods. We use a penalized Tobit model to analyze high-dimensional left-censored HIV viral load data from the AIDS Clinical Trials Group and identify potential drug resistance mutations in the HIV genome. Appendices contain intermediate theoretical results and technical proofs.
Season affects active metabolite composition and cytotoxic effect in Phoradendron wattii methanol extracts
Creators: name: Rangel-Méndez, Jorge Aarón
name: Valencia-Chan, Lía S.
name: Peraza-Sánchez, Sergio R.
name: Moo-Puc, Rosa E.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology

description: Plant-derived secondary metabolites are a source of promising bioactive molecules in the search for safer more selective cancer drugs. Mexico’s flora is extremely diverse and many species, such as Phoradendron wattii, form part of traditional medicine. Compounds with notable cytotoxic activity have been isolated from P. wattii, but their concentrations may vary seasonally. The aim was to identify any variation in active metabolite concentrations in Phoradendron wattii methanol extracts in response to season. Betulin exhibited the most evident seasonal variations, being most abundant during the midsummer drought. Cytotoxic activity was highest (29 ± 1 µg/mL) in the rainy season methanol extract. Though not the most abundant metabolite in the extracts, 3α,24-dihydroxylup-20(29)-en-28-oic acid is apparently one of the most active among them and is a promising chemotaxonomic biomarker for this species. In summary, secondary metabolite concentrations in P. wattii methanol extracts varied in response to season, and these variations influenced cytotoxic activity.
Quando il passato è pop. Riflessioni sul romanzo storico contemporaneo
Creators: name: Tasca, Luisa
Publisher: name: L. Tasca, Quando il passato è pop. Riflessioni sul romanzo storico contemporaneo, «Memoria e Ricerca», 54, 2017, pp. 155-174
Year: 2017

description: The article considers the contemporary historical novel, whose extraordinary success is a world-wide phenomenon and deserves attention from professional historians. The historical fiction responds to the tastes of Western middle classes and contributes to form a common historical sense, more than academic historiography. Which «parts» of the past are selected to be transformed into a «story »? How to interpret this «question of history»? Which sense of the past, and therefore of the present and the future it allows a glimpse? Going through the various stages of development of the historical novel, starting from the founder of the genre, Walter Scott, the essay shows how contemporary historical novels bear the imagination of a past, which is at the same time «exotic» and «domesticated» and has with the present a relation of analogy and strangeness. The past told by the writers of the XXI century is declined around a negative view of politics as violence and corruption, abuse of power of the strong one over the weak one. The look that, through historical novels, contemporary readers turn to power, halfway between voyeuristic attraction and moral condemnation, allows some reflections on the society we live in.
Supplementary document for Optical proximity correction of hot-spot patterns with subwavelength size in DMD maskless projection lithography - 6794016.pdf
Creators: name: duan, xuan-ming
name: guo, xu
name: chen, jing
name: Zhao, Yuan-Yuan
name: CAI, SHUN-CHENG
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2024
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: supporting information
Supplementary document for Unsupervised segmentation of biomedical hyperspectral image data: tackling high dimensionality with convolutional autoencoders - 6062383.pdf
Creators: name: Bench, Ciaran
name: Nallala, Jayakrupakar
name: Wang, Chun-Chin
name: Sheridan, Hannah
name: Stone, Nicholas
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2022
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supplemental document
Standard Model predictions for $B\to K\ell^+\ell^-$, $B\to K\ell_1^- \ell_2^+$ and $B\to Kν\barν$ using form factors from $N_f=2+1+1$ lattice QCD
Creators: name: Parrott, W. G.
name: Bouchard, C.
name: Davies, C. T. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use HPQCD's recent lattice QCD determination of $B \to K$ scalar, vector and tensor form factors to determine Standard Model differential branching fractions for $B \to K \ell^+\ell^-$, $B\to K \ell_1^+\ell_2^-$ and $B \to Kν\overlineν$. These form factors are calculated across the full $q^2$ range of the decay and have smaller uncertainties than previous work, particularly at low $q^2$. For $B \to K \ell^+ \ell^-$ we find the Standard Model branching fraction in the $q^2$ region below the squared $J/ψ$ mass to exceed the LHCb results, with tensions as high as $4.2σ$ for $B^+\to K^+μ^+μ^-$. For the high $q^2$ region we see $2.7σ$ tensions. The tensions are much reduced by applying shifts to Wilson coefficients $C_9$ and $C_{10}$ in the effective weak Hamiltonian, moving them away from their Standard Model values consistent with those indicated by other $B$ phenomenology. We also update results for lepton-flavour ratios $R^μ_e$ and $R^τ_μ$ and the `flat term', $F_H^{\ell}$ in the differential branching fraction for $\ell\in\{e,μ,τ\}$. Our results for the form-factor-dependent contributions needed for searches for lepton-flavour-violating decays $B\to K\ell^-_1\ell^+_2$ achieve uncertainties of 7%. We also compute the branching fraction $\mathcal{B}(B\to Kν\barν)$ with an uncertainty below 10%, for comparison with future experimental results.
description: 28 pages, 38 figures. Version accepted by Physical Review D. Updated to reflect a change in the scale of alpha_EW
MPEC 2023-U211 : 2008 WK61
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Characterizing Reddit Participation of Users Who Engage in the QAnon Conspiracy Theories
Creators: name: Engel, Kristen
name: Hua, Yiqing
name: Zeng, Taixiang
name: Naaman, Mor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Widespread conspiracy theories may significantly impact our society. This paper focuses on the QAnon conspiracy theory, a consequential conspiracy theory that started on and disseminated successfully through social media. Our work characterizes how Reddit users who have participated in QAnon-focused subreddits engage in activities on the platform, especially outside their own communities. Using a large-scale Reddit moderation action against QAnon-related activities in 2018 as the source, we identified 13,000 users active in the early QAnon communities. We collected the 2.1 million submissions and 10.8 million comments posted by these users across all of Reddit from October 2016 to January 2021. The majority of these users were only active after the emergence of the QAnon Conspiracy theory and decreased in activity after Reddit's 2018 QAnon ban. A qualitative analysis of a sample of 915 subreddits where the "QAnon-enthusiastic" users were especially active shows that they participated in a diverse range of subreddits, often of unrelated topics to QAnon. However, most of the users' submissions were concentrated in subreddits that have sympathetic attitudes towards the conspiracy theory, characterized by discussions that were pro-Trump, or emphasized unconstricted behavior (often anti-establishment and anti-interventionist). Further study of a sample of 1,571 of these submissions indicates that most consist of links from low-quality sources, bringing potential harm to the broader Reddit community. These results point to the likelihood that the activities of early QAnon users on Reddit were dedicated and committed to the conspiracy, providing implications on both platform moderation design and future research.
description: 22 pages
Black holes in the presence of dark energy
Creators: name: Babichev, E. O.
name: Dokuchaev, V. I.
name: Eroshenko, Yu. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The new, rapidly developing field of theoretical research --- studies of dark energy interacting with black holes (and, in particular, accreting onto black holes) --- is reviewed. The term `dark energy' is meant to cover a wide range of field theory models, as well as perfect fluids with various equations of state, including cosmological dark energy. Various accretion models are analyzed in terms of the simplest test field approximation or by allowing back reaction on the black-hole metric. The behavior of various types of dark energy in the vicinity of Schwarzschild and electrically charged black holes is examined. Nontrivial effects due to the presence of dark energy in the black hole vicinity are discussed. In particular, a physical explanation is given of why the black hole mass decreases when phantom energy is being accreted, a process in which the basic energy conditions of the famous theorem of nondecreasing horizon area in classical black holes are violated. The theoretical possibility of a signal escaping from beneath the black hole event horizon is discussed for a number of dark energy models. Finally, the violation of the laws of thermodynamics by black holes in the presence of noncanonical fields is considered.
description: 25 pages, 10 figures, review paper
Hydroalcoholic leaves extract of Vaccinium ashei Reade promotes cell cycle arrest and apoptosis on T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Creators: name: Meneghetti, Dalila
name: Cezarotto, Verciane Schneider
name: Nascimento, Natália Paiva do
name: Migita, Natacha Azussa
name: Corrêa, Juliana Ronchi
name: Riccio, Maria Francesca
name: Zambaldi, Lilian Girotto
name: Yunes, José Andrés
name: Artico, Leonardo Luís
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: Plant Biology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Vaccinium ashei Reade, popularly known as Rabbiteye blueberry, has several therapeutic properties attributed to the phenolic compounds present in its leaves and fruits. Here, we sought to evaluate the effects of the hydroalcoholic extract from V. ashei leaves (Bluegem cultivar, VAB) in T-cell Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL). The VAB extract was toxic to T-ALL cells at the ∼60 µg/ml concentration. T-ALL cell death occurred through apoptosis. VAB extract was found to induce micronuclei formation, p53 pathway activation, and cell cycle arrest. Those mutagenic effects were evidenced through microscopy analysis and molecular p53 pathway activation. A series of phenolic compounds were identified in VAB extract by mass spectrometry, such as vanillic acid, catechin, caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid, rutin, coumaric acid, taxifolin, quercetin and naringenin, some of which are presumed to induce DNA damage. In conclusion, the V. ashei leaves extract may have important secondary metabolites with antileukemic properties.
Instability of a Thin Conducting Foil Accelerated by a Finite Wavelength Intense Laser
Creators: name: Eliasson, Bengt
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive a theoretical model for the Rayleigh-Taylor (RT)-like instability for a thin foil accelerated by an intense laser, taking into account finite wavelength effects in the laser wave field. The latter leads to the diffraction of the electromagnetic wave off the periodic structures arising from the instability of the foil, which significantly modifies the growth rate of the RT-like instability when the perturbations on the foil have wavenumbers comparable to or larger than the laser wavenumber. In particular, the growth rate has a local maximum at a perturbation wavenumber approximately equal to the laser wavenumber. The standard RT instability, arising from a pressure difference between the two sides of a foil, is approximately recovered for perturbation wavenumbers smaller than the laser wavenumber. Differences in the results for circular and linear polarization of the laser light are pointed out. The model has significance to radiation pressure acceleration of thin foils and to laser-driven inertial confinement fusion schemes, where RT-like instabilities are significant obstacles.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure
The role of Vitamin C and D in Ovarian Cancer
Creators: name: Fakhre Yaseri, Amirhossein
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Ovarian Cancer
Cancer
Vitamin C
Vitamin D
Prevention
Malignancy

description: Ovarian cancer is the eleventh most prevalent kind of cancer and the most aggressive of all reproductive malignancies and is the fifth leading cause of cancer-related mortality in women. Ovarian cancer is a poor prognosis cancer with a late-stage appearance. Women frequently exhibit "silent symptoms," such as pain in the abdominal pain (AP), delaying referral for a malignancy checkup. The incidence of ovarian cancer is supposedly inversely correlated with the lifetime amount of ovulation, according to the risk factors such as early menarche, nulliparity, and late menopause, as well as the preventive factors of higher parity, usage of oral contraceptives, and longer lactation. The poor prognosis for this illness justifies research to find risk variables that might be changed to lower risk. Diet and vitamin supplements continue to be one of the primary lifestyle variables known to affect cancer risk, while specific correlations with this cancer risk are less clear. Overall, a relationship between some vitamins and ovarian cancer is biologically plausible. To summarize the existing research, in this narrative review of the Association between vitamin C and D in ovarian cancer. According to our findings, there is a strong case for the potential use of vitamin C and D as a supplement in ovarian cancer patients due to the low cost, the few side effects, a noticeable increase in the quality of life, and potential anti-cancer effectiveness.
title: Head CT protocol optimisation: positioning, gantry tilt and scan angle variability contributions to patients dose exposure
Creators: name: Pereira, Rui
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Radioprotection / Radiation dose
subject: Radiographers
subject: Professional issues
subject: CT
subject: Radiation safety
subject: Quality assurance

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Computed Tomography (CT) has nowadays an important role in clinical practice, having been observed an increasing number of available CT equipment and a growing trend to use CT as a complementary diagnostic modality in the past few years [1, 2]. In...
Soft-Pion Theorems for Large Scale Structure
Creators: name: Horn, Bart
name: Hui, Lam
name: Xiao, Xiao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Consistency relations -- which relate an N-point function to a squeezed (N+1)-point function -- are useful in large scale structure (LSS) because of their non-perturbative nature: they hold even if the N-point function is deep in the nonlinear regime, and even if they involve astrophysically messy galaxy observables. The non-perturbative nature of the consistency relations is guaranteed by the fact that they are symmetry statements, in which the velocity plays the role of the soft pion. In this paper, we address two issues: (1) how to derive the relations systematically using the residual coordinate freedom in the Newtonian gauge, and relate them to known results in $ζ$-gauge (often used in studies of inflation); (2) under what conditions the consistency relations are violated. In the non-relativistic limit, our derivation reproduces the Newtonian consistency relation discovered by Kehagias \& Riotto and Peloso & Pietroni. More generally, there is an infinite set of consistency relations, as is known in $ζ$-gauge. There is a one-to-one correspondence between symmetries in the two gauges; in particular, the Newtonian consistency relation follows from the dilation and special conformal symmetries in $ζ$-gauge. We probe the robustness of the consistency relations by studying models of galaxy dynamics and biasing. We give a systematic list of conditions under which the consistency relations are violated; violations occur if the galaxy bias is non-local in an infrared divergent way. We emphasize the relevance of the adiabatic mode condition, as distinct from symmetry considerations. As a by-product of our investigation, we discuss a simple fluid Lagrangian for LSS.
description: 48 pages, no figures
Isolation, chemical characterization, and anti-inflammatory activity of coumarins, flavonoids, and terpenes from Tagetes lucida
Creators: name: Liliana, Porras-Dávila Sandra
name: Manasés, González-Cortazar
name: Enrique, Jiménez-Ferrer
name: Rubén, Román-Ramos
name: Cinthya, Bello-Peralta
name: Belen, Martínez-Hernández Gabriela
name: Alejandro, Zamilpa
name: Maribel, Herrera-Ruiz
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Tagetes lucida is widely used in traditional Mexican medicine for several disorders, including those associated with inflammation. In this work, fifteen compounds were identified (1–15) from T. lucida. Some of these compounds (1–8, 10, 12–14) were detected for the first time in the plant, and quercetagetin 7-O-β-(6’’-Protocatecoyl) glucopyranoside (13) has been identified for any plant species. The inflammation inhibition effects of these compounds were as follows: Amix (1–2) > 10 > 12a > 13 > 14a > Bmix (3–9) > 12; 12 and 13 showed a dose-response behavior. The mixture of 14 and 15 was not active. This work contributes to the knowledge of the anti-inflammatory capacity of T. lucida and the chemical identity of their bioactive compounds.
Variational methods for nonpositive mixed local-nonlocal operators
Creators: name: Maione, Alberto
name: Mugnai, Dimitri
name: Vecchi, Eugenio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35A15, 35J62, 35R11

description: We prove the existence of a weak solution for boundary value problems driven by a mixed local--nonlocal operator. The main novelty is that such an operator is allowed to be nonpositive definite.
Wave propagation for a discrete diffusive vaccination epidemic model with bilinear incidence
Creators: name: Zhang, Ran
name: Liu, Shengqiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35K57, 35C07, 92D30

description: The aim of the current paper is to study the existence of traveling wave solutions (TWS) for a vaccination epidemic model with bilinear incidence. The existence result is determined by the basic reproduction number $\Re_0$. More specifically, the system admits a nontrivial TWS when $\Re_0>1$ and $c \geq c^*$, where $c^*$ is the critical wave speed. We also found that the TWS is connecting two different equilibria by constructing Lyapunov functional. Lastly, we give some biological explanations from the perspective of epidemiology.
MPEC 2023-U212 : 2015 KW120
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
title: Renal biopsy of small renal masses: Tips for success
Creators: name: Heaney, Roisin
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Neoplasia
subject: Technical aspects
subject: Biopsy
subject: Ultrasound
subject: MR
subject: CT
subject: Management
subject: Kidney

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To review the indications for image guided biopsy of small renal masses and discuss how the biopsy result affects patient management. To discuss the technique for focal renal biopsy, including choice of imaging modality, technical aspects and the...
Study of the Thermal Pulsation of AGB Stars
Creators: name: Halabi, Ghina M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A systematic investigation on the third dredge up in a 3M$_{\odot}$, solar metallicity AGB star will be presented. The model evolves from the main sequence up to the Asymptotic Giant Branch (AGB). Intermediate mass stars are important because they contribute significantly via the slow neutron capture nucleosynthesis. The aim of this work is to gain insight on the behaviour of the AGB star during thermal pulsation. This investigation is based on an extended numerical simulation of the evolutionary phases and full, consistent AGB model calculations. In particular, the convective structure during pulsation will be studied, giving particular emphasis to the analysis of the stability of the Schwarzschild boundary that will eventually determine the occurrence of Third Dredge Up (hereafter referred to as TDUP). We provide a brief description of our updated evolutionary code and focus primarily on the obtaining the TDUP after 14 thermal pulses. We elaborate on the non-standard treatment of convection known as "overshooting" and its efficiency in achieving the TDUP event associated with the thermal pulsations (helium shell flashes). However, our knowledge of the physics behind the TDUP event, and the theoretical description of the overshooting mechanism suffer from embarrassing gaps and are, therefore, not properly treated in stellar modelling. This is not surprising, particularly with the oversimplified descriptions of important mixing mechanisms like convection in stellar models. However, since such event drives the $^{13}$C nucleosynthesis of interest for the following s-process activation, we present a full assessment of this process and its implications as calculations will further proceed in different directions.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures, European Summer School for Experimental Nuclear Astrophysics
A new antimicrobial nor-friedelane-type triterpenoid and other constituents from Plectranthus glandulosus Hook. f. (Lamiaceae)
Creators: name: Tedonkeu, Alex Tchinda
name: Tamokou, Jean-De-Dieu
name: Mpetga, James D. Simo
name: Nzogong, Raissa Tioyem
name: Kengne, Irene Chinda
name: Hao, Xiao-Jiang
name: Tene, Mathieu
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Chemical investigation of the ethanol extract from the whole plant of Plectranthus glandulosus led to the isolation of a new nor-triterpenoid (1) along with seventeen known compounds (2–18) including seven triterpenoids, nine flavonoids and one steroid. Their structures were established on the basis of 1D- and 2D-NMR, IR, and MS experiments, and by comparison of their spectroscopic data with those of similar compounds reported in the literature. The EtOH extract and some isolated triterpenoids (1–4 and 13) were subjected to in vitro antimicrobial assays against a panel of pathogenic microorganisms, including Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, and fungi using broth microdilution method. The EtOH extract displayed moderate activity (MIC = 512 µg/mL) against Staphylococcus aureus MSSA1, Shigella flexneri SDINT and Cryptococcus neoformans H99. Compounds 1, 4 and 13 showed the most potent antimicrobial effect with MICs of 32–256 µg/mL.
High-dimensional Bayesian Optimization of Hyperparameters for an Attention-based Network to Predict Materials Property: a Case Study on CrabNet using Ax and SAASBO
Creators: name: Baird, Sterling G.
name: Liu, Marianne
name: Sparks, Taylor D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Expensive-to-train deep learning models can benefit from an optimization of the hyperparameters that determine the model architecture. We optimize 23 hyperparameters of a materials informatics model, Compositionally-Restricted Attention-Based Network (CrabNet), over 100 adaptive design iterations using two models within the Adaptive Experimentation (Ax) Platform. This includes a recently developed Bayesian optimization (BO) algorithm, sparse axis-aligned subspaces Bayesian optimization (SAASBO), which has shown exciting performance on high-dimensional optimization tasks. Using SAASBO to optimize CrabNet hyperparameters, we demonstrate a new state-of-the-art on the experimental band gap regression task within the materials informatics benchmarking platform, Matbench (~4.5% decrease in mean absolute error (MAE) relative to incumbent). Characteristics of the adaptive design scheme as well as feature importances are described for each of the Ax models. SAASBO has great potential to both improve existing surrogate models, as shown in this work, and in future work, to efficiently discover new, high-performing materials in high-dimensional materials science search spaces.
description: main: 18 pages, 8 figures. supp: 24 pages, 22 figures. To be submitted to Computational Materials Science
title: Diffuse smoking-related lung disease: radiologic-pathologic correlation
Creators: name: Sousa, Celia
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Thorax
subject: Respiratory system
subject: CT-High Resolution
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Occupational / Environmental hazards

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To describe the spectrum of radiologic findings in diffuse smoking-related lung disease and how the pathologic manifestations lead to specific findings on high-resolution computerized tomography...
MPEC 2023-U213 : 2022 TU
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
FAIR data: componenti chiave e procedure
Creators: name: Vernone, Annamaria
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: FAIR
metadata
databases
data
FAIR Data Point
Data Steward
FAIR Implementation Profile (FIP)
Machine-readable data
analisi semantica

description: Presentazione nell'ambito del Workshop "Open Science and FAIR Data for Neuroscience, Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Università di Torino, Italia, 6-7-9-15 giugno 2022, Focus on Neuroscience and Neuroimaging, Computational Phenotyping ("phenomics"), Rare Diseases". I dati stanno acquistando ogni giorno sempre più importanza. Diventa centrale in questo contesto una corretta gestione e condivisione del dato e delle procedure adottate, ai fini del riuso, dell’interoperabilità e riproducibilità dell’esperimento (FAIR). Vedremo i componenti chiave di questo processo: dati, metadati, dataset, standard e procedure insieme ad alcuni esempi di utilizzo su Repositories online.
Partial compact quantum groups
Creators: name: De Commer, Kenny
name: Timmermann, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 81R50, 16T05, 16T15, 18D10, 20G42

description: Compact quantum groups of face type, as introduced by Hayashi, form a class of compact quantum groupoids with a classical, finite set of objects. Using the notions of a weak multiplier bialgebra and weak multiplier Hopf algebra (resp. due to B{ö}hm--Gómez-Torrecillas--López-Centella and Van Daele-Wang), we generalize Hayashi's definition to allow for an infinite set of objects, and call the resulting objects partial compact quantum groups. We prove a Tannaka-Kre$\breve{\textrmı}$n-Woronowicz reconstruction result for such partial compact quantum groups using the notion of a partial fusion C$^*$-category. As examples, we consider the dynamical quantum $SU(2)$-groups from the point of view of partial compact quantum groups.
description: 56 pages
In vitro and in silico cytotoxicity of hinokinin-loaded PLGA microparticle systems against tumoral SiHa cells
Creators: name: de Lima, Regiane G.
name: Lisoni, Flavia C. R.
name: Picão, Thais B.
name: dos Santos, Fransérgio F.
name: Orenha, Renato P.
name: Borges, Alexandre
name: Molina, Eduardo F.
name: Parreira, Renato L. T.
name: Silva, Márcio L. A. e
name: Santos, Mario F. C.
name: de Laurentiz, Rosangela da S.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer

description: This work aimed to synthesize poly (D, L-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microparticles containing hinokinin (HNK) and to evaluate their cytotoxic activity against tumoral SiHa cells and non-tumoral HaCaT cells. Hinokinin was incorporated into PLGA (PLGA-HNK) with an encapsulation efficiency of 84.18 ± 2.32%. PLGA and PLGA-HNK were characterized by SEM microscopy and showed spherical morphology with an average size of ∼3.33. Encapsulation efficiency was determined by a calibration curve using UV-vis spectroscopy. PLGA-HNK more active inhibiting proliferation of SiHa cells (IC50 = 14.68 µM) than free HNK (IC50 = 225.5 µM). In relation to HaCaT cells, PLGA-HNK showed no significant difference compared to the negative control. These results led to an increase in HNK bioavailability and thereby, biological activity. In silico prediction analysis suggests that HNK is cytotoxic against SiHa cells with E6 and MDM2 inhibition as possible main mechanism of action.
title: Avoiding Misdiagnosis: Neuroblastoma vs. Other Retroperitoneal Masses in Infancy and Childhood
Creators: name: Pavel, Andrei Octavian
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Neoplasia
subject: Multidisciplinary cancer care
subject: Cancer
subject: Staging
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: Ultrasound
subject: MR
subject: CT
subject: Paediatric
subject: Kidney
subject: Retroperitoneum

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: This educational exhibit aims to illustrate the imaging characteristics of the most common retroperitoneal tumors in pediatric patients, with emphasis on neuroblastomas. Furthermore, the reader will be made aware of possible and often common...
Infinite-Dimensional Sparse Learning in Linear System Identification
Creators: name: Yin, Mingzhou
name: Akan, Mehmet Tolga
name: Iannelli, Andrea
name: Smith, Roy S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Regularized methods have been widely applied to system identification problems without known model structures. This paper proposes an infinite-dimensional sparse learning algorithm based on atomic norm regularization. Atomic norm regularization decomposes the transfer function into first-order atomic models and solves a group lasso problem that selects a sparse set of poles and identifies the corresponding coefficients. The difficulty in solving the problem lies in the fact that there are an infinite number of possible atomic models. This work proposes a greedy algorithm that generates new candidate atomic models maximizing the violation of the optimality condition of the existing problem. This algorithm is able to solve the infinite-dimensional group lasso problem with high precision. The algorithm is further extended to reduce the bias and reject false positives in pole location estimation by iteratively reweighted adaptive group lasso and complementary pairs stability selection respectively. Numerical results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm performs better than benchmark parameterized and regularized methods in terms of both impulse response fitting and pole location estimation.
description: Accepted for presentation at IEEE Conference on Decision and Control 2022
Praxis- und theoriegeleitete Entwicklung, Implementierung und Evaluation eines Trainings zur individuellen Rechtschreibförderung in schulischen Lerngruppen
Creators: name: Apitzsch, Nicolas
Publisher: name: TU Dortmund
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Rechtschreibtraining
subject: Evaluation
subject: Motivation
subject: 150
subject: Rechtschreibung
subject: Schreibunterricht
subject: Grundschule
subject: Motivation

description: Schreiben ist eine zentrale Kulturtechnik und Rechtschreibkompetenz gilt als wichtige Schlüsselkompetenz. Aus diesem Grund ist die Förderung der Rechtschreibfähigkeiten so-wohl ein wesentliches Ziel, als auch Voraussetzung schulischer Bildung. Allerdings weist ein beträchtlicher Anteil von Kindern erhebliche und hartnäckige Schwierigkeiten im Er-werb der korrekten Schriftsprache auf. Im Rahmen eines kommunalen Projekts wurde daher im Rahmen eines symbiotischen interdisziplinären Implementationsprozesses das Rechtschreibtraining [Förderuniversum] für Grundschulkinder entwickelt, welches das komplexe Bedingungsgefüge von Rechtschreibschwierigkeiten explizit berücksichtigt, in-dem es neben den Methoden zur Förderung von Rechtschreibstrategien auch Methoden zur Motivationsförderung, zur Entwicklung eines lernförderlichen Lern- und Arbeitsver-haltens, zur Elternarbeit sowie Trainingsinhalte zur Qualifizierung von Lehrkräften be-schreibt. Während eine detaillierte Beschreibung des Trainings im zweiten Band der Arbeit erfolgt, widmet sich der erste Band vor allem der Evaluation des Trainings auf Recht-schreibleistungen im Rahmen von drei Untersuchungen. Bei einer durchschnittlichen Fehlerreduktion von 39% bei einjährigem Training weisen die Ergebnisse dabei auf eine Wirksamkeit des Trainings hin. Allerdings konnte aufgrund verschiedener organisatori-scher Schwierigkeiten in keiner der Untersuchungen ein methodisch adäquates Kontroll-gruppendesign realisiert werden.
First-passage time of run-and-tumble particles with non-instantaneous resetting
Creators: name: Tucci, Gennaro
name: Gambassi, Andrea
name: Majumdar, Satya N.
name: Schehr, Gregory
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the statistics of the first-passage time of a single run and tumble particle (RTP) in one spatial dimension, with or without resetting, to a fixed target located at $L>0$. First, we compute the first-passage time distribution of a free RTP, without resetting nor in a confining potential, but averaged over the initial position drawn from an arbitrary distribution $p(x)$. Recent experiments used a non-instantaneous resetting protocol that motivated us to study in particular the case where $p(x)$ corresponds to the stationary non-Boltzmann distribution of an RTP in the presence of a harmonic trap. This distribution $p(x)$ is characterized by a parameter $ν>0$, which depends on the microscopic parameters of the RTP dynamics. We show that the first-passage time distribution of the free RTP, drawn from this initial distribution, develops interesting singular behaviours, depending on the parameter $ν$. We then switch on resetting, mimicked by thermal relaxation of the RTP in the presence of a harmonic trap. Resetting leads to a finite mean first-passage time (MFPT) and we study this as a function of the resetting rate for different values of the parameters $ν$ and $b = L/c$ where $c$ is the right edge of the initial distribution $p(x)$. In the diffusive limit of the RTP dynamics, we find a rich phase diagram in the $(b,ν)$ plane, with an interesting re-entrance phase transition. Away from the diffusive limit, qualitatively similar rich behaviours emerge for the full RTP dynamics.
description: 16 pages, 12 figures
Binaries in the field: fossils of the star formation process?
Creators: name: Parker, Richard J.
name: Meyer, Michael R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent observations of binary stars in the Galactic field show that the binary fraction and the mean orbital separation both decrease as a function of decreasing primary mass. We present $N$-body simulations of the effects of dynamical evolution in star-forming regions on primordial binary stars to determine whether these observed trends can be explained by the dynamical processing of a common binary population. We find that dynamical processing of a binary population with an initial binary fraction of unity and an initial excess of intermediate/wide separation (100 - 10$^4$ au) binaries does not reproduce the observed properties in the field, even in initially dense ($\sim 10^3$M$_\odot$ pc$^{-3}$) star-forming regions. If instead we adopt a field-like population as the initial conditions, most brown dwarf and M-dwarf binaries are dynamically hard and their overall fractions and separation distributions are unaffected by dynamical evolution. G-dwarf and A-star binaries in the field are dynamically intermediate in our simulated dense regions and dynamical processing does destroy some systems with separations $>$100 au. However, the formation of wide binaries through the dissolution of supervirial regions is a strong function of primary mass, and the wide G-dwarf and A-star binaries that are destroyed by dynamical evolution in subvirial regions are replenished by the formation of binaries in supervirial regions. We therefore suggest that the binary population in the field is $indicative$ of the primordial binary population in star-forming regions, at least for systems with primary masses in the range 0.02 - 3.0M$_\odot$.
description: 17 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
MPEC 2023-U214 : 2022 UP20
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
title: Triple-negative breast cancer: challenges in diagnostic imaging
Creators: name: Takaki Tachibana, Bruna
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Breast
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Mammography
subject: PET-CT
subject: Biopsy
subject: Cancer

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: - Review the imaging features of triple-negative breast cancer, which although very aggressive, usually present as nodules with benign characteristics; - Highlight the epidemiology of triple-negative breast cancer; - Describe the main differences in...
Light transport in PT-invariant photonic structures with hidden symmetries
Creators: name: Teimourpour, M. H.
name: El-Ganainy, R.
name: Eisfeld, A.
name: Szameit, A.
name: Christodoulides, D. N
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a recursive bosonic quantization technique for generating classical PT photonic structures that possess hidden symmetries and higher order exceptional points. We study light transport in these geometries and we demonstrate that perfect state transfer is possible only for certain initial conditions. Moreover, we show that for the same propagation direction, left and right coherent transports are not symmetric with field amplitudes following two different trajectories. A general scheme for identifying the conservation laws in such PT-symmetric photonic networks is also presented.
A new alkaloid from Portulaca oleracea L. and its anti-inflammatory activity
Creators: name: Liu, Fangxuan
name: Cui, Xinyu
name: Duan, Yang
name: Guo, Shengnan
name: Liu, Jinpeng
name: Ying, Xixiang
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A new alkaloid, identified as (E)-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-(pyridazin-3-yl)-acrylaldehyde, named oleradazine, was isolated from Portulaca oleracea L., and the structure was elucidated using spectroscopic methods, including 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic and UHPLC-ESI-QTOF/MS methods. In addition, the compound was used to investigate its anti-inflammatory activity in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophages. It was suggested that the oleradazine can significantly inhibit the inflammatory factors, interleukin 1β and nitric oxide in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays.