cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Efficient wide-field radio interferometry response
Creators: name: Arras, Philipp
name: Reinecke, Martin
name: Westermann, Rüdiger
name: Enßlin, Torsten A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Radio interferometers do not measure the sky brightness distribution directly but rather a modified Fourier transform of it. Imaging algorithms, thus, need a computational representation of the linear measurement operator and its adjoint, irrespective of the specific chosen imaging algorithm. In this paper, we present a C++ implementation of the radio interferometric measurement operator for wide-field measurements which is based on "improved $w$-stacking". It can provide high accuracy (down to $\approx 10^{-12}$), is based on a new gridding kernel which allows smaller kernel support for given accuracy, dynamically chooses kernel, kernel support and oversampling factor for maximum performance, uses piece-wise polynomial approximation for cheap evaluations of the gridding kernel, treats the visibilities in cache-friendly order, uses explicit vectorisation if available and comes with a parallelisation scheme which scales well also in the adjoint direction (which is a problem for many previous implementations). The implementation has a small memory footprint in the sense that temporary internal data structures are much smaller than the respective input and output data, allowing in-memory processing of data sets which needed to be read from disk or distributed across several compute nodes before.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures
Time-dependent quantum transport: A practical scheme using density functional theory
Creators: name: Kurth, S.
name: Stefanucci, G.
name: Almbladh, C. -O.
name: Rubio, A.
name: Gross, E. K. U.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a computationally tractable scheme of time-dependent transport phenomena within open-boundary time-dependent density-functional-theory. Within this approach all the response properties of a system are determined from the time-propagation of the set of ``occupied'' Kohn-Sham orbitals under the influence of the external bias. This central idea is combined with an open-boundary description of the geometry of the system that is divided into three regions: left/right leads and the device region (``real simulation region''). We have derived a general scheme to extract the set of initial states in the device region that will be propagated in time with proper transparent boundary-condition at the device/lead interface. This is possible due to a new modified Crank-Nicholson algorithm that allows an efficient time-propagation of open quantum systems. We illustrate the method in one-dimensional model systems as a first step towards a full first-principles implementation. In particular we show how a stationary current develops in the system independent of the transient-current history upon application of the bias. The present work is ideally suited to study ac transport and photon-induced charge-injection. Although the implementation has been done assuming clamped ions, we discuss how it can be extended to include dissipation due to electron-phonon coupling through the combined simulation of the electron-ion dynamics as well as electron-electron correlations.
description: 14 pages, 9 figures, one of which consist of two separate files
Correlations and Counting Statistics of an Atom Laser
Creators: name: Öttl, Anton
name: Ritter, Stephan
name: Köhl, Michael
name: Esslinger, Tilman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate time-resolved counting of single atoms extracted from a weakly interacting Bose-Einstein condensate of $^{87}$Rb atoms. The atoms are detected with a high-finesse optical cavity and single atom transits are identified. An atom laser beam is formed by continuously output coupling atoms from the Bose-Einstein condensate. We investigate the full counting statistics of this beam and measure its second order correlation function $g^{(2)}(τ)$ in a Hanbury Brown and Twiss type experiment. For the monoenergetic atom laser we observe a constant correlation function $g^{(2)}(τ)=1.00\pm0.01$ and an atom number distribution close to a Poissonian statistics. A pseudo-thermal atomic beam shows a bunching behavior and a Bose distributed counting statistics.
A further step into the ELGH and TLGH for Spain and Italy
Creators: name: Cortes-Jimenez, Isabel
name: Pulina, Manuela
name: Cortes-Jimenez, Isabel
name: Pulina, Manuela
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: Nowadays many developing countries focus on economic policies for promoting international tourism and exports expansion as a potential source of economic growth of the country. However, the understanding of the relationship between exports and economic growth is still ongoing. When treating the relationship between tourism and economic growth, considering tourism as a non-traditional export few studies have been published to date. This paper has the objective to assess if exports and tourism have really promoted growth by means of the export-led growth hypothesis (ELGH) and the tourism-led growth hypothesis (TLGH). The cases under analysis are Spain and Italy, two of the most important countries worldwide regarding the expansion of tourism. Cointegration techniques and the multivariate Granger causality test are applied. Results reveal that exports cause economic growth in the long-term for both countries, whilst only for Spain tourism appears as a factor which influences economic growth in the long-run.
Additional file 2 of Six-year trend and risk factors of unsuccessful pulmonary tuberculosis treatment outcomes in Thai Community Hospital
Creators: name: Sakarn Charoensakulchai
name: Chaiyapun Lertpheantum
name: Chanapon Aksornpusitpong
name: Peeranut Trakulsuk
name: Boonsub Sakboonyarat
name: Rangsin, Ram
name: Mathirut Mungthin
name: Piyaraj, Phunlerd
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2. Figure S1 Unsuccessful treatment outcomes of pulmonary TB treatment in the community hospital, 2013–2019.
Multi-Sectoral Uses of Water & Approaches to DSS in Water Management in the NOSTRUM Partner Countries of the Mediterranean
Creators: name: Abu-Zeid, Khaled
name: Afifi, Sameh
name: Abu-Zeid, Khaled
name: Afifi, Sameh
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: Agriculture contributes an average of about 10% to the GDP of the partner countries of the Mediterranean involved in the project NOSTRUM. On the other hand, industry contributes an average of about 30% in these countries. It is to remark that in almost all countries the weight of industry accounts between 20% and 30% of the national economy, with the exception of Algeria, where this weight is at about 60%, mainly imputable to the great development of oil extraction and energy sector. In the majority of participating countries, agriculture sector is the greatest consumer of water (more than 65% of total water consumption). Although the case from France where agriculture water use is only about 10% of total water consumption and Italy with around 45%, but this may be due to the fact that most countries reporting for their agricultural water consumption do not include the amount of rain-fed to cultivated lands as a part of their agriculture water use. Most agriculture water use is limited to irrigation water from streams/rivers and groundwater. Rain-fed cultivated-lands in France is almost 90% of its total cultivated area. For Croatia, data given in National Report indicate a 0% of water use for agriculture. The average of water use for agriculture for all the basin is of 62.3% but with a great scatter expressed by a high standard deviation (26.8%) that reflects a wide variation range of water use for agriculture among different countries. The average of water use for agriculture is weakly less on northern countries (52.7%) than on southern countries (75.2) but the twice values are still on the range of the average of the all basin and cannot be taken as indication of difference between north and south. Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) plans are currently developed and implemented by various countries to organize the multi-sectoral water uses. On the other hand, the need for Decision Support System (DSS) as a tool in developing and implementing Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) is in growing demand. In spite of the great potential for the research and the development of DSS, the utilization of DSS in water management is not widely spread in the partner countries. In some countries, DSS was planned and developed at the scale of territorial integrated water management. Integration of DSS application to the existing IWRM systems at the partner countries would assist in satisfying the water related Millennium Development Goals (MDGs).
Competition between Pomeranchuk instabilities in the nematic and hexatic channels in a two-dimensional spinless Fermi fluid
Creators: name: Barci, Daniel G.
name: Trobo, Marta
name: Fernández, Victoria
name: Oxman, Luis E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the competition between the nematic and the hexatic phases of a two-dimensional spinless Fermi fluid near Pomeranchuk instabilities. We show that the general phase diagram of this theory contains a bicritical point where two second order lines and a first order nematic/hexatic phase transition meet together. We found that at criticality, and deep inside the associated symmetry broken phases, the low energy theory is governed by a dissipative cubic mode, even near the bicritical point where nematic and hexatic fluctuations cannot be distinguished due to very strong dynamical couplings.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures. Shorter and improved version, as will appear in PRB
Radio observations of SN2004dk with VLITE confirm late-time re-brightening
Creators: name: Balasubramanian, Arvind
name: Corsi, Alessandra
name: Polisensky, Emil
name: Clarke, Tracy E.
name: Kassim, Namir E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The study of stripped-envelope core-collapse supernovae (SNe), with evidence for strong interaction of SN ejecta with the circumstellar medium (CSM), provides insights into the pre-supernova progenitor, and a fast-forwarded view of the progenitor mass-loss history. In this context, we present late-time radio observations of SN2004dk, a type Ibc supernova located in the galaxy, NGC 6118, at a distance of $d_L \approx 23$ Mpc. About 15 years after explosion, SN2004dk has shown evidence for H$α$ emission, possibly linked to the SN ejecta interacting with an H-rich CSM. Using data from the VLA Low Band Ionosphere and Transient Experiment (VLITE), we confirm the presence of a late-time radio re-brightening accompanying the observed H$α$ emission. We model the SN2004dk radio light curves within the (spherically symmetric) synchrotron-self-absorption (SSA) model. Within this model, our VLITE observations combined with previously collected VLA data favor an interpretation of SN2004dk as a strongly CSM-interacting radio SN going through a complex environment shaped by a non-steady mass-loss from the SN progenitor.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures. Published in ApJ
Growth, Conventional Production and Tourism Specialisation: Technological Catching-up Versus Terms-of-Trade Effects
Creators: name: Valente, Simone
name: Valente, Simone
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: This paper extends the 'expanding-varieties' growth model in a two-countries-two-goods setup, and describes the dynamics of growth rates and terms of trade when the industry-based economy is the innovation leader, while the tourism-based economy is the follower (i.e. increases the number of intermediate inputs by readapting innovations developed abroad). Two types of transitional dynamics may exist: technological catching-up and technological falling-behind. Contrary to the standard result, technological catching-up by the follower is associated with lower growth rates with respect to the leader, whereas terms-of-trade effects guarantee positive growth differentials for the tourism-based economy when the technological gap with the leader increases over time. The underlying principle of 'increased relative demand' might explain the good economic performance observed in tourism-dependent economies.
Additional file 3 of Six-year trend and risk factors of unsuccessful pulmonary tuberculosis treatment outcomes in Thai Community Hospital
Creators: name: Sakarn Charoensakulchai
name: Chaiyapun Lertpheantum
name: Chanapon Aksornpusitpong
name: Peeranut Trakulsuk
name: Boonsub Sakboonyarat
name: Rangsin, Ram
name: Mathirut Mungthin
name: Piyaraj, Phunlerd
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 3. Figure S2 Incidence rates of unsuccessful pulmonary TB treatment in the community hospital, 2013–2019.
Single-particle digitization strategy for quantum computation of a $ϕ^4$ scalar field theory
Creators: name: Barata, João
name: Mueller, Niklas
name: Tarasov, Andrey
name: Venugopalan, Raju
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by the parton picture of high energy quantum chromodynamics, we develop a single-particle digitization strategy for the efficient quantum simulation of relativistic scattering processes in a $d+1$ dimensional scalar $ϕ^4$ field theory. We work out quantum algorithms for initial state preparation, time evolution and final state measurements. We outline a non-perturbative renormalization strategy in this single-particle framework.
description: 31 pages, 13 figures; journal version published in Phys. Rev. A 103, 042410 (2021); Table I modified to to include more precise estimate for cost of initial state preparation; Appendix B (discussion of state preparation) significantly extended & figures 10 and 11 added
A General Framework for Codes Involving Redundancy Minimization
Creators: name: Baer, Michael B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: E.4; H.1.1

description: A framework with two scalar parameters is introduced for various problems of finding a prefix code minimizing a coding penalty function. The framework encompasses problems previously proposed by Huffman, Campbell, Nath, and Drmota and Szpankowski, shedding light on the relationships among these problems. In particular, Nath's range of problems can be seen as bridging the minimum average redundancy problem of Huffman with the minimum maximum pointwise redundancy problem of Drmota and Szpankowski. Using this framework, two linear-time Huffman-like algorithms are devised for the minimum maximum pointwise redundancy problem, the only one in the framework not previously solved with a Huffman-like algorithm. Both algorithms provide solutions common to this problem and a subrange of Nath's problems, the second algorithm being distinguished by its ability to find the minimum variance solution among all solutions common to the minimum maximum pointwise redundancy and Nath problems. Simple redundancy bounds are also presented.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures, submitted to IEEE Trans. Inform. Theory
Sudakov effects in central-forward dijet production in high energy factorization
Creators: name: van Hameren, A.
name: Kotko, P.
name: Kutak, K.
name: Sapeta, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss central-forward dijet production at LHC energies within the framework of high energy factorization. In our study, we profit from the recent progress on consistent merging of Sudakov resummation with small-$x$ effects, which allows us to compute two different gluon distributions which depend on longitudinal momentum, transverse momentum and the hard scale of the process: one for the quark channel and one for the gluon channel. The small-$x$ resummation is included by means of the BK equation supplemented with a kinematic constraint and subleading corrections. We test the new gluon distributions against existing CMS data for transverse momentum spectra in forward-central dijet production. We obtain results which are largely consistent with our earlier predictions based on model implementation of Sudakov form factors. In addition, we study dijet azimuthal decorrelations for the forward-central jets, which are known to be sensitive to the modeling of soft radiation.
description: 15 pages, 5 figures; v2: extended description of formalism and results, version published by PLB
Blaschke addition and convex polyhedra
Creators: name: Alexandrov, Victor
name: Kopteva, Natalia
name: Kutateladze, S. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 52A20, 52B11 (Primary), 52A38, 52B55, 49Q20, 65D17, 68U07 (Secondary)

description: This is an extended version of a talk on October 4, 2004 at the research seminar ``Differential geometry and applications'' (headed by Academician A. T. Fomenko) at Moscow State University. The paper contains an overview of available (but far from well-known) results about the Blaschke addition of convex bodies, some new theorems on the monotonicity of the volume of convex bodies (in particular, convex polyhedra with parallel faces) as well as description of a software for visualization of polyhedra with prescribed outward normals and face areas.
description: 17 pages, 7 figures
Query-Competitive Sorting with Uncertainty
Creators: name: Halldórsson, Magnús M.
name: de Lima, Murilo S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We study the problem of sorting under incomplete information, when queries are used to resolve uncertainties. Each of $n$ data items has an unknown value, which is known to lie in a given interval. We can pay a query cost to learn the actual value, and we may allow an error threshold in the sorting. The goal is to find a nearly-sorted permutation by performing a minimum-cost set of queries. We show that an offline optimum query set can be found in poly time, and that both oblivious and adaptive problems have simple competitive algorithms. The competitive ratio for the oblivious problem is $n$ for uniform query costs, and unbounded for arbitrary costs; for the adaptive problem, the ratio is 2. We present a unified adaptive strategy for uniform costs that yields the following improved results: (1) a 3/2-competitive randomized algorithm; (2) a 5/3-competitive deterministic algorithm if the dependency graph has no 2-components after some preprocessing, which has competitive ratio $3/2+\mathrm{O}(1/k)$ if the components obtained have size at least $k$; and (3) an exact algorithm for laminar families of intervals. The first two results have matching lower bounds, and we have a lower bound of 7/5 for large components. We also give a randomized adaptive algorithm with competitive ratio $1+\frac{4}{3\sqrt{3}}\approx 1.7698$ for arbitrary query costs, and we show that the 2-competitive deterministic adaptive algorithm can be generalized for queries returning intervals and for a more general vertex cover problem, by using the local ratio technique. Moreover, we prove that the advice complexity of the adaptive problem is $\lfloor n/2\rfloor$ if no error threshold is allowed, and $\lceil n/3\cdot\lg 3\rceil$ for the general case. Finally, we present some graph-theoretical results on co-threshold tolerance graphs, and we discuss uncertainty variants of some classical interval problems.
description: Partially supported by Icelandic Research Fund grant 174484-051. A preliminary version of this paper appeared in volume 138 of LIPICs, article 7, 2019. DOI: 10.4230/LIPIcs.MFCS.2019.7
Quantum key distribution without alternative measurements and rotations
Creators: name: Gao, Fei
name: Guo, Fenzhuo
name: Wen, Qiaoyan
name: Zhu, Fuchen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A quantum key distribution protocol based on entanglement swapping is proposed. Through choosing particles by twos from the sequence and performing Bell measurements, two communicators can detect eavesdropping and obtain the secure key. Because the two particles measured together are selected out randomly, we need neither alternative measurements nor rotations of the Bell states to obtain security.
description: 11 pages, no figures, a modified version of quant-ph/0412014, add a security proof and delete the identification part
Beta chemokine expression and regulation of lymphocyte traffic at the blood-brain barrier
Creators: name: Shukaliak, Jacqueline Alice
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The blood-brain barrier (BBB) formed by the endothelial lining of the cerebral vasculature contributes to the relative immunologic isolation of the brain. The BBB is compromised in ischemic, traumatic, infectious, inflammatory and autoimmune diseases resulting in increased permeability and leukocyte entry into the CNS. The chemokines RANTES (regulated upon activation normal T cell expressed and secreted) and MIP-lβ (macrophage inflammatory protein Iβ) have been implicated in the subset-specific chemoattraction and activation of memory and activated CD4+ T lymphocytes respectively. The presence of these chemokines in inflammatory brain lesions suggests a role in subset-specific lymphocyte trafficking which has not been previously explored. The objective of this study was to characterize the expression of RANTES and MIP-1β by human brain microvessel endothelial cells (HBMEC) in vitro and to investigate their role in mediating T cell adhesion and migration across HBMEC monolayers. HBMEC were induced by pro-inflammatory cytokines and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to secrete and bind to their surface RANTES and MIP-1β, suggesting chemokine availability for interactions with lymphocytes. The ability of RANTES and MIP-1β to attract specific lymphocyte subsets across HBMEC monolayers was studied in a double chamber chemotaxis system. After establishing chemokine gradients across the monolayers, resting, anti-CD3 activated, memory and naive CD4+ T cells were added to the upper chamber and incubated with HBMEC for one to three hours. Concentration gradients of RANTES or MIP-1β stimulated significant in vitro adhesion and migration of resting, memory, antigen-specific, and activated T cells but not naive T cells. Chemotaxis was observed only in the presence of cytokine-activated HBMEC. The chemokine enhanced adhesion and migration were dependent upon integrins and EC adhesion molecules. Thus, neutralizing antibodies (mAb) to intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) significantly reduced adhesion and migration of both resting and activated CD4+ T cells. mAb blocking of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and α4 integrin (the α subunit of VLA-4) also reduced the chemokine-enhanced adhesion and migration of activated T cells. These studies indicate that RANTES and MIP-1β have chemoattractant as well as activating effects on T lymphocyte subsets, suggesting an important role of these chemokines in regulating lymphocyte subset-specific trafficking across the BBB.
The Adoption of Water Conservation and Intensification Technologies and Farm Income: A Propensity Score Analysis for Rice Farmers in Northern Ghana
Creators: name: Faltermeier, Liane
name: Abdulai, Awudu
name: Faltermeier, Liane
name: Abdulai, Awudu
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Farm Management
subject: Propensity score matching
subject: evaluation
subject: sensitivity analysis
subject: Rosenbaum bounds
subject: water conservation methods
subject: bunds
subject: rice production

description: This study uses cross-sectional data of 342 small-scale lowland rice farmers in Northern Region of Ghana to analyze the impact of the adoption decision of bund construction and seed dibbling on net returns, input demand and output supply. Matching was conducted based on Mahalanobis distance combined with propensity score. Balancing tests by checking the mean standardized absolute bias in the matched sample were conducted as well as sensitivity analysis to check for hidden bias due to unobservable selection. The empirical results of impact assessment using propensity score matching controlling for self-selection bias suggest that input demand is significantly higher for adopters of bunds, but not statistically different for adopters and non-adopters of dibbling seed. However, output supply and net returns were not found to be statistically different for adopters and non-adopters of bunds. Adopters of dibbling were found to have higher output supply while no statistically significant difference was found for net returns of adopters and non-adopters of dibbling. The results were found to be relative insensitive to hidden bias.
Additional file 1 of Distinguishing Adenocarcinomas from Granulomas in the CT scan of the chest: performance degradation evaluation in the automatic segmentation framework
Creators: name: Tavakoli, Mahsa Bank
name: Orooji, Mahdi
name: Teimouri, Mehdi
name: Ramita Shahabifar
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1.
Universos Sonoros: uma experiência sonora para mesas de RPG
Creators: name: Rocha, Gabriel Lopes
name: Oliveira, João Pedro Mendes
name: Schiavoni, Flávio Luiz
Publisher: name: Labfront/UEMG
Year: 2024

description: Os jogos de interpretação de papéis, em inglês, role-playing games (RPG), constituem um importante gênero de atividades voltadas para o entretenimento. Criado na década de 70, o RPG permite ao jogador adentrar histórias e fantasias, através de uma interação narrativa entre um grupo de jogadores. Neste cenário, um dos jogadores assume o título de "mestre" e, por conseguinte, recebe a responsabilidade de narrar as histórias, os cenários e os acontecimentos que irão ocorrer durante o jogo. Para que os demais jogadores possam vivenciar uma melhor experiência de imersão ao jogar uma partida de RPG, os mestres utilizam-se diversos recursos como ilustrações, miniaturas e tabuleiros. Este trabalho visa o desenvolvimento de uma ferramenta computacional que contribua para tal, através da utilização de recursos sonoros dinâmicos. Além de trilhas musicais autorais, a ferramenta também conta com a utilização de paisagens sonoras para ambientar diversos cenários encontrados durante o jogo.
Cosmic antihelium-3 nuclei sensitivity of the GAPS experiment
Creators: name: Saffold, N.
name: Aramaki, T.
name: Bird, R.
name: Boezio, M.
name: Boggs, S. E.
name: Bonvicini, V.
name: Campana, D.
name: Craig, W. W.
name: von Doetinchem, P.
name: Everson, E.
name: Fabris, L.
name: Fuke, H.
name: Gahbauer, F.
name: Garcia, I.
name: Gerrity, C.
name: Hailey, C. J.
name: Hayashi, T.
name: Kato, C.
name: Kawachi, A.
name: Kobayashi, S.
name: Kozai, M.
name: Lenni, A.
name: Lowell, A.
name: Manghisoni, M.
name: Marcelli, N.
name: Mognet, S. I.
name: Munakata, K.
name: Munini, R.
name: Nakagami, Y.
name: Olson, J.
name: Ong, R. A.
name: Osteria, G.
name: Perez, K.
name: Pope, I.
name: Quinn, S.
name: Re, V.
name: Reed, M.
name: Riceputi, E.
name: Roach, B.
name: Rogers, F.
name: Ryan, J. L.
name: Scotti, V.
name: Shimizu, Y.
name: Sonzogni, M.
name: Sparvoli, R.
name: Stoessl, A.
name: Tiberio, A.
name: Vannuccini, E.
name: Wada, T.
name: Xiao, M.
name: Yamatani, M.
name: Yoshida, A.
name: Yoshida, T.
name: Zampa, G.
name: Zweerink, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The General Antiparticle Spectrometer (GAPS) is an Antarctic balloon experiment designed for low-energy (0.1$-$0.3 GeV/$n$) cosmic antinuclei as signatures of dark matter annihilation or decay. GAPS is optimized to detect low-energy antideuterons, as well as to provide unprecedented sensitivity to low-energy antiprotons and antihelium nuclei. The novel GAPS antiparticle detection technique, based on the formation, decay, and annihilation of exotic atoms, provides greater identification power for these low-energy antinuclei than previous magnetic spectrometer experiments. This work reports the sensitivity of GAPS to detect antihelium-3 nuclei, based on full instrument simulation, event reconstruction, and realistic atmospheric influence simulations. The report of antihelium nuclei candidate events by AMS-02 has generated considerable interest in antihelium nuclei as probes of dark matter and other beyond the Standard Model theories. GAPS is in a unique position to detect or set upper limits on the cosmic antihelium nuclei flux in an energy range that is essentially free of astrophysical background. In three 35-day long-duration balloon flights, GAPS will be sensitive to an antihelium flux on the level of $1.3^{+4.5}_{-1.2}\cdot 10^{-6}\mathrm{m^{-2}sr^{-1}s^{-1}}(\mathrm{GeV}/n)^{-1}$ (95% confidence level) in the energy range of 0.11$-$0.3 GeV/$n$, opening a new window on rare cosmic physics.
description: Accepted for publication at Astroparticle Physics, 13 pages, 5 figures
Determinants of Iowa Cropland Cash Rental Rates: Testing Ricardian Rent Theory
Creators: name: Du, Xiaodong
name: Hennessy, David A.
name: Edwards, William M.
name: Du, Xiaodong
name: Hennessy, David A.
name: Edwards, William M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: Land Economics/Use

description: Based on the Ricardian rent theory, this study employs the variable profit function to analyze the determinants of Iowa cropland cash rental rates using county-level panel data from 1987 to 2005. Accounting for spatial and temporal autocorrelations, responses of local cash rental rates to changes in output prices and other exogenous variables are estimated. We find that Iowa cash rental rates are largely determined by output/input prices, soil quality, relative location, and other county-specific factors. Cash rents go up by $79 for a $1 increase in corn price in the short run. The marginal value of cropland quality, as represented by row-crop corn suitability rating index, is about $1.05. Ethanol plants are not found to have a significant local effect on cash rental rates, impacting local rental markets mainly through the national futures price. Scale of the local livestock industry and adoption of genetically engineered crops have significant impacts on local cash rental rates. In addition, changes in crop output prices are found to have long-run effects on cash rental rates. The long-run change in cash rents is approximately $109-$114 for a $1 change in corn price and is reached in about four years. Our research may be viewed as a test of the Ricardian rent theory. We find limited support for the theory.
Is Foreign Aid Beneficial for Sub-Saharan Africa? A Panel Data Analysis
Creators: name: Armah, Stephen E.
name: Nelson, Carl H.
name: Armah, Stephen E.
name: Nelson, Carl H.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: Food Security and Poverty

description: Significant ambiguity surrounds the magnitude and sign of the effect of foreign aid on economic growth. Foreign aid can potentially augment scarce domestic capital to spur growth but foreign aid can also remove positive incentive to build wealth, stalling growth. This paper characterizes the effect of foreign aid on the growth of Sub-Saharan African countries after correcting endogeneity problems that plague the estimation. Foreign aid is found to be growth promoting given good governance and using fixed effects in a static panel framework. Data from twenty-one Sub-Saharan African countries spanning 1995-2003 was used in the estimation. The finding of a significant foreign aid-growth relationship is pertinent because it suggests that increased aid to Sub Saharan Africa is one way to achieve the UN’s Millennium goals. By lobbying for increased foreign aid, advocates are prescribing a necessary albeit insufficient medicine for Sub Saharan Africa’s economic problems.
Exceptional symmetric domains
Creators: name: Roos, Guy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 32M15, 17C40

description: We give the presentation of exceptional bounded symmetric domains using the Albert algebra and exceptional Jordan triple systems. The first chapter is devoted to Cayley-Graves algebras, the second to exceptional Jordan triple systems. In the third chapter, we give a geometric description of the two exceptional bounded symmetric domains, their boundaries and their compactification.
description: Lectures at the Workshop "Several Complex Variables, Analysis on Complex Lie groups and Homogeneous Spaces", held at Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China, Oct. 17-29, 2005. 36 pages. Version 2: minor corrections
One-parameter robust global frequency estimator for slowly varying amplitude and noisy oscillations
Creators: name: Ruderman, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Robust online estimation of oscillation frequency belongs to classical problems of system identification and adaptive control. The given harmonic signal can be noisy and with varying amplitude at the same time, as in the case of damped vibrations. A novel robust frequency-estimation algorithm is proposed here, motivated by the existing globally convergent frequency estimator. The advantage of the proposed estimator is in requiring one design parameter only and being robust against measurement noise and initial conditions. The proven global convergence also allows for slowly varying amplitudes, which is useful for applications with damped oscillations or additionally shaped harmonic signals. The proposed analysis is simple and relies on an averaging theory of the periodic signals. Our results show an exponential convergence rate, which depends, analytically, on the sought frequency, adaptation gain and oscillation amplitude. Numerical and experimental examples demonstrate the robustness and efficiency of the proposed estimator for signals with slowly varying amplitude and noise.
description: 8 pages, 10 figures
Casimir Energies and General Relativity Energy Conditions
Creators: name: Graham, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum systems often contain negative energy densities. In general relativity, negative energies lead to time advancement, rather than the usual time delay. As a result, some Casimir systems appear to violate energy conditions that would protect against exotic phenomena such as closed timelike curves and superluminal travel. However, when one examines a variety of Casimir systems using self-consistent approximations in quantum field theory, one finds that a particular energy condition is still obeyed, which rules out exotic phenomena. I will discuss the methods and results of these calculations in detail and speculate on their potential implications in general relativity.
description: 10 pages, 7 .eps figures; To appear in the proceedings of QFEXT '05, Barcelona
OBSERVING CHANGES IN CANADIAN DEMAND FOR FOOD DIVERSITY OVER TIME
Creators: name: Drescher, Larissa S.
name: Goddard, Ellen W.
name: Drescher, Larissa S.
name: Goddard, Ellen W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis
Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety

description: Research on food diversity is interdisciplinary in nature, and is highly relevant for different research fields. Eating a variety of foods has been linked to the nutritional well-being of the household. From an economic perspective, food diversity can be used to derive important conclusions regarding the economic well-being of a population under study. This paper attempts to fill two main research gaps. The first objective of this paper is to analyze the demand for food diversity in Canada for the first time. This includes observing the extent of food diversity and the identification of respective socio-economic determinants. The second main objective is to compare changes in the cross-sectional demand for food diversity over time using three data sets of the Canadian Food Expenditure Survey (1984, 1996 and 2001). Food diversity is measured twice, with a measure used in nutritional studies and an economic diversity measure to draw conclusions for both research fields. Results show that in all years the demand for diversity (both indices) is positively influenced by income, age, and household size. We observe a significant quadratic influence of income in all models. Over all years, males and singles have a lower demand for food diversity than females and married Canadians. In addition, the region the household lives in is a strong predictor of food diversity. We observe changes in demand for food diversity in Canada. It is shown that the demand for food diversity decreased from 1984 to 1996 and 2001.
Quantum non-Gaussian Photon Coincidences
Creators: name: Lachman, Lukáš
name: Filip, Radim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Photon coincidences represent an important resource for quantum technologies. They expose nonlinear quantum processes in matter and are essential for sources of entanglement. We derive broadly applicable criteria for quantum non-Gaussian two-photon coincidences that certify a new quality of photon sources. The criteria reject states emerging from Gaussian parametric processes, which often limit applications in quantum technologies. We also analyse the robustness of the quantum non-Gaussian coincidences and compare with the heralded quantum non-Gaussianity of single-photons based on them.
description: 14 pages, 5 figures
Additional file 1 of Transcriptomic analysis reveals the molecular mechanisms of rumen wall morphological and functional development induced by different solid diet introduction in a lamb model
Creators: name: Daming Sun
name: Yuyang Yin
name: Changzheng Guo
name: Lixiang Liu
name: Shengyong Mao
name: Weiyun Zhu
name: Junhua Liu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Supplemental Table 1. The main biological process enrichment analysis of shared DEGs both in MH and MC group lambs. Supplemental Table 2. Top 20 biological process terms significantly enriched in the M16 and M18 module. Supplemental Table 3. Top 25 KEGG pathway terms significantly enriched in the M16 and M18 module. Supplemental Table 4. The BP terms associated with immune function were enriched from unique DEGs observed in the MH vs. M. Supplemental Table 5. The BP terms associated with nutrient transport and metabolism were enriched from unique DEGs observed in the MC vs. M. Supplemental Fig. 1. Effect of alfalfa hay or concentrate starter on the ADFI (A), ADG (B), and BW (C) of pre-weaned lambs. Values are shown as means ± pooled SEM, n = 8. Mean values within a column with unlike superscript letters were significantly different (P 1 were set as the filter criteria for significant differential expression genes (n = 4 per group). The significance of identified KEGG pathways was determined by P
The harmonic oscillator with dissipation within the theory of open quantum systems
Creators: name: Isar, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Time evolution of the expectation values of various dynamical operators of the harmonic oscillator with dissipation is analitically obtained within the framework of the Lindblad theory for open quantum systems. We deduce the density matrix of the damped harmonic oscillator from the solution of the Fokker-Planck equation for the coherent state representation, obtained from the master equation for the density operator. The Fokker-Planck equation for the Wigner distribution function, subject to either the Gaussian type or the $δ$-function type of initial conditions, is also solved by using the Wang-Uhlenbeck method. The obtained Wigner functions are two-dimensional Gaussians with different widths.
description: 14 pages
Does Social Capital Mitigate Precariousness?
Creators: name: Sabatini, Fabio
name: Sabatini, Fabio
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: Social capital
subject: Human development
subject: Labour market
subject: Precariousness
subject: Italy

description: There is a surprising gap in the economic literature on social capital. First, we lack studies addressing the effects of social capital on those facets of development that can contribute in making growth more sustainable in the long run, like, for example, human development and social cohesion. Second, it is still unclear what type of networks may exert a positive effect on the different dimensions of development. In particular, the literature has not yet provided a rigorous assessment of the role of strong family ties, that are generally referred to as a form of bonding social capital causing backwardness. This paper carries out an empirical investigation into the relationship between the three types of social capital so far identified by the literature (i.e. bonding, bridging and linking), human development, and labour precariousness, in the belief that precariousness and uncertainty play a crucial role in determining the social cohesion and well-being that are necessary to make growth sustainable in the long run.
Explaining Ghana's Recent Good Cocoa Karma: Smuggling Incentive Argument
Creators: name: Armah, Stephen E.
name: Armah, Stephen E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: International Relations/Trade

description: The paper contends that the current boom in cocoa exports from Ghana is primarily in response to reversal in price incentives to smuggle Ghana cocoa to La Cote d’Ivoire and not due to productivity gains in the Ghana cocoa supply chain. Using recent data; ADF, Perron and KPSS tests of stationarity; Engle and Granger and Johansen co-integration tests; Granger causality tests; single and vector error correction models; as well as partial adjustment models, we estimate the Ghana cocoa supply response to determine the most pertinent factors that explain the cocoa boom. Different from previous research, the VECM and ECM models are modified to be more reflective of current conditions in the Ghana cocoa sector by including prices of relevant substitutes in cocoa production. Furthermore we carefully account for the time series properties of the data and address endogeneity problems that plague the estimation. For example, in testing for the order of integration of different series, we account for the possible existence of structural breaks. We find that the “price incentive to smuggle” argument adequately explains the current boom in Ghana cocoa supply response. This finding is important because it questions claims in the literature that substantial productivity gains in the cocoa sector in response to good policy is the main reason behind the Ghana cocoa export boom.
Volume Statistics as a Probe of Large-Scale Structure
Creators: name: Chan, Kwan Chuen
name: Hamaus, Nico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the application of volume statistics to probe the distribution of underdense regions in the large-scale structure of the Universe. This statistic measures the distortion of Eulerian volume elements relative to Lagrangian ones and can be built from tracer particles using tessellation methods. We apply Voronoi and Delaunay tessellation to study the clustering properties of density and volume statistics. Their level of shot-noise contamination is similar, as both methods take into account all available tracer particles in the field estimator. The tessellation causes a smoothing effect in the power spectrum, which can be approximated by a constant window function on large scales. The clustering bias of the volume statistic with respect to the dark matter density field is determined and found to be negative. We further identify the Baryon Acoustic Oscillation (BAO) feature in the volume statistic. Apart from being smoothed out on small scales, the BAO is present in the volume power spectrum as well, without any systematic bias. These observations suggest that the exploitation of volume statistics as a complementary probe of cosmology is very promising.
description: 20 pages, 13 figures, match to the published version
On the metallic conductivity of the delafossites PdCoO2 and PtCoO2
Creators: name: Eyert, Volker
name: Fresard, Raymond
name: Maignan, Antoine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The origin of the quasi two-dimensional behavior of PdCoO2 and PtCoO2 is investigated by means of electronic structure calculations. They are performed using density functional theory in the generalized gradient approximation as well as the new full-potential augmented spherical wave method. We show that the electric conductivity is carried almost exclusively by the in-plane Pd (Pt) d orbitals. In contrast, the insulating CoO2 sandwich layers of octahedrally coordinated Co atoms may be regarded as charge carrier reservoirs. This leads to a weak electronic coupling of the Pd (Pt) layers. The obtained nearly cylindrical Fermi surface causes the strong anisotropy of the electric conductivity.
description: 5 pages, 7 figures, more information at http://www.physik.uni-augsburg.de/~eyert/