cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The effect of judicial institutions on local governance and corruption
Creators: name: Litschig, Stephan
name: Zamboni, Yves
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Political science
subject: FOS: Political science

description: This paper estimates the effect of judicial institutions on governance and corruption in local governments. Our estimation strategy exploits a unique institutional feature of state judiciary branches in Brazil which assigns prosecutors and judges to the most populous among contiguous counties forming a judiciary district. As a result of this assignment mechanism there are counties with nearly identical populations, some with and some without local judicial presence, which we exploit to impute counterfactual outcomes. Conditional on observable county characteristics, offenses per civil servant are about 35% lower in counties that have a local seat of the state judiciary. The lower incidence of infractions stems mostly from fewer violations of financial management regulations by local administrators, fewer instances of problems in project execution and project management, fewer cases of non-existent or ineffective civil society oversight and fewer cases of improper handling of remittances to local residents.
Prevalence, Organ Distribution, Cyst Viability and Financial Losses of Bovine Hydatidosis in Shashemene Municipal Abattoir, Ethiopia
Creators: name: Hussen, Awol
name: Kemal, Jelalu
name: Regassa, Alemayehu
Publisher: name: Journal of Science and Sustainable Development
Year: 2017

description: A cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2015 to May 2016, to estimate the prevalence, organ distribution, cyst viability and financial losses of bovine hydatidosis in Shashemene municipal abattoir. A total of 405 samples were collected from cattle slaughtered at the abattoir using simple random sampling method. The cattle were examined clinically both at rest and in motion during ante mortem examination. For the post-mortem examination visceral organs were inspected for the presence of hydatid cysts by applying meat inspection procedure. Individual cysts were grossly examined for any evidence of degeneration and calcification. The viability of protoscoleces was assessed by the motility of flame cells. Out of the total examined cattle, 191 (47.2%) were harboring hydatid cyst from one or more of their visceral organs. There was statistically significant association (P <0.05) between age and body condition of the cattle slaughtered with the occurrence of hydatidosis. The prevalence of hydatidosis was higher among animals with advanced age and, animals with medium and poor body condition. The proportion of organs infected by hydatidosis was found to be 68.13% in lungs, 29.30% in liver and 2.56% in spleen. In this study, the estimated financial loss due to organ condemnation was 12,590.00 ETB. The study indicated that hydatidosis is economically important parasitic disease of cattle with implication of public health importance. Application of detail meat inspection, proper disposal of infected organs and control of stray dogs are of paramount importance to control the disease.
description: Journal of Science and Sustainable Development, Vol. 5 No. 1 (2017)
Contributions to Discrete Mathematics, Vol 9, No 1 (2014)
Creators: name: Faculty Of Science, University Of Calgary
Publisher: name: Faculty of Science, University of Calgary
Year: 2014

description: Kneser-Poulsen conjecture for a small number of intersections
Determination of the prime bound of a graph
A short note on integer complexity
Interlacement in 4-regular graphs: a new approach using nonsymmetric matrices
The rigidity of periodic frameworks as graphs on a fixed torus
On the minimum order of $k$-cop win graphs
Supplementary material from Domestication effect of reduced brain size is reverted when mink become feral
Creators: name: Pohle, Ann-Kathrin
name: Zalewski, Andrzej
name: Muturi, Marion
name: Dullin, Christian
name: Farková, Lucie
name: Keicher, Lara
name: Dechmann, Dina K. N.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology

description: This includes additional figures, tables and photos cited in the manuscript.
How More Taxes Can Be Better Than Less: A Note on Aggregating Deadweight Losses
Creators: name: Lancaster, Kelvin
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1998
Subjects: Economics

description: There is a deadweight loss from imposing a tax on a single commodity, but there is no such loss from a uniform tax on all commodities with lump-sum return, and obviously no loss if no commodity is taxed. The object of this paper is to weave a consistent story relating these three well established propositions, something that has hitherto been lacking. Using a simple general equilibrium model with a CES utility function, it is shown that, as more goods are taxed: (1) The deadweight loss per dollar of revenue falls monotonically, and (2) the aggregate deadweight loss rises to a maximum, then falls to zero. In particular, it is sometimes better to tax more goods than to eliminate taxes on existing ones.
Contributions to Discrete Mathematics, Vol 9, No 2 (2014)
Creators: name: Faculty Of Science, University Of Calgary
Publisher: name: Faculty of Science, University of Calgary
Year: 2015

description: An inductive construction of $(2,1)$-tight graphs
On cycle packings and feedback vertex sets
Chromatic polynomials of some sunflower mixed hypergraphs
A note on bounds for the cop number using tree decompositions
A short construction of highly chromatic digraphs without short cycles
Colouring isonemal fabrics with more than two colours by thin striping
The copnumber for lexicographic products and sums of graphs
Constraints on Galileon-induced precessions from solar system orbital motions
Creators: name: Iorio, Lorenzo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use latest data from solar system planetary orbital motions to put constraints on some Galileon-induced precessional effects. Due to the Vainshtein mechanism, the Galileon-type spherically symmetric field of a monopole induces a small, screened correction proprtional to \sqrt{r} to its usual r^-1 Newtonian potential which causes a secular precession of the pericenter of a test particle. In the case of our solar system, latest data from Mars allow to constrain the magnitude of such an interaction down to α<= 0.3 level. Another Galileon-type effect which might impact solar system dynamics is due to an unscreened constant gradient induced by the peculiar motion of the Galaxy. The magnitude of such an effect, depending on the different gravitational binding energies of the Sun and the planets, is ξ<= 0.004 from the latest bounds on the supplementary perihelion precession of Saturn.
description: LaTex2e, 11 pages, 1 table, no figures, 35 references. To appear in Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics (JCAP)
Future fiscal and budgetary shocks
Creators: name: Hoon, Hian Teck
name: Phelps, Edmund S.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2004
Subjects: Economics

description: We study here the effects of future tax and budgetary shocks on present levels of economic activity and real interest rates in a nonmonetary and possibly non-Ricardian economy. The paper first takes up an (unanticipated) temporary tax cut to be effective on a given future date - a delayed "debt bomb." The sudden prospect of this future-dated shock causes at once a drop in the (unit) value placed on the firms' business asset, the customer, and accordingly on the price of shares - with the result that the hourly wage, hours worked and GDP drop in tandem. This paradox of reduced activity through announcement of future "stimulus" does not hinge on an upward jump of long rates of interest, which may or may not occur: the short rate of return on shares is increased by the initial drop in their price, but the price has so much farther to fall that this is more than offset for a time by the expectation of ongoing capital loss, so short rates of interest actually drop. The paper next studies a future tax cut lacking a "sunset" provision and requiring instead a gradual welfare benefit adjustment to retain solvency. The same negative effects on present activity result. Third, the paper shows that if the tax cut is effective immediately, its effect is ambiguous, as the Marshallian supply-sider effect works the other way. Finally, the paper also examines the new anticipation of a future increase in the number of retirees in a pay-as-you-go social security program. In conclusion, juxtaposing these results against recent US experience, we hypothesize that the legislation of an unsustainable fiscal gap - the cuts in tax rates and the rise of future obligations owing to the cumulative deficit and the approaching bulge in retirement benefits - is an important cause of the decline in hours worked per employee and in the participation rates over the period.
Determinants of Rural Female-headed Households’ Food Security in Ambo District, West Shewa Zone, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia
Creators: name: Debela, Mulu
name: Abebe, Workneh
Publisher: name: Journal of Science and Sustainable Development
Year: 2017

description: Food security strategy is the major component of the Agricultural Development Led Industry (ADLI) strategy of Ethiopia. So far, no systematic study has been undertaken on food security status of female-headed household in Ambo district. Thus, identifying the determining factors of female-headed households` food security is crucial for pertinent interventions. Accordingly, this study was carried out to identify factors influencing food security of female-headed households. To achieve the objective of the study, cross sectional survey was employed using 104 female-headed households. Structured household survey questionnaire, focus group discussions and key informant interviews were used for data collection, and analyzed using descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression model. The result of binary logistic regression model revealed that age of household head, productive labor force, access to credit, number of oxen owned, use of chemical fertilizer, location of the household, share cropping, livestock holding, participation in social organization and non-farm income were found to be positively and significantly influencing the status of female-headed household food security. The study further indicated that the mean value of the energy available for food insecure and secure households was 1,843 Kcal/AE/day and 2,943 Kcal/AE/day respectively with the mean energy intake of all sample households 2,560 kcal. As female-headed household spent much of what they have for food than male-headed households, female-headed households are engaged in insecure livelihood system. Thus, it necessitates to improve female-headed household`s decision making power, resource allocation and control, access to markets, and asset ownership issues, which is likely to be a more powerful tool for poverty alleviation policies.
description: Journal of Science and Sustainable Development, Vol. 5 No. 1 (2017)
PrePPI: a structure-informed database of protein–protein interactions
Creators: name: Zhang, Qiangfeng Cliff
name: Petrey, Donald S.
name: Garzon Canas, Jose I.
name: Deng, Lei
name: Honig, Barry
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biochemistry
Molecular biology
Biomedical engineering

description: PrePPI (http://bhapp.c2b2.columbia.edu/PrePPI) is a database that combines predicted and experimentally determined protein–protein interactions (PPIs) using a Bayesian framework. Predicted interactions are assigned probabilities of being correct, which are derived from calculated likelihood ratios (LRs) by combining structural, functional, evolutionary and expression information, with the most important contribution coming from structure. Experimentally determined interactions are compiled from a set of public databases that manually collect PPIs from the literature and are also assigned LRs. A final probability is then assigned to every interaction by combining the LRs for both predicted and experimentally determined interactions. The current version of PrePPI contains ∼2 million PPIs that have a probability more than ∼0.1 of which ∼60 000 PPIs for yeast and ∼370 000 PPIs for human are considered high confidence (probability greater than 0.5). The PrePPI database constitutes an integrated resource that enables users to examine aggregate information on PPIs, including both known and potentially novel interactions, and that provides structural models for many of the PPIs.
The Origin of Doping in Quasi-Free Standing Graphene on Silicon Carbide
Creators: name: Ristein, J.
name: Mammadov, S.
name: Seyller, Th.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explain the robust p-type doping observed for quasi-free standing graphene on hexagonal silicon carbide by the spontaneous polarization of the substrate. This mechanism is based on a bulk property of SiC, unavoidable for any hexagonal polytype of the material and independent of any details of the interface formation. We show that sign and magnitude of the polarization are in perfect agreement with the doping level observed in the graphene layer. With this mechanism, models based on hypothetical acceptor-type defects as they are discussed so far are obsolete. The n-type doping of epitaxial graphene is explained conventionally by donor-like states associated with the buffer layer and its interface to the substrate which overcompensate the polarization doping.
description: 10 pages, 1 figure
Nonparametric specification analysis of dynamic parametric models
Creators: name: Henry, Marc
name: Scaillet, Olivier
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2002
Subjects: Economics

description: Time series parametric models generally cater to a particular objective, such as forecasting, and it is therefore desirable to judge such models solely on the basis of their performance in the fullfillment of that objective. We propose a specification testing procedure which concentrates power on the parametric model's ability to estimate a set of characteristics of the finite dimensional distributions of the process. It is based on the comparison between a nonparametric estimate of the said characteristic and its parametric boot-strap analogue. Applications of this principle are proposed for the assessment of recursive dynamic models in the estimation of conditional means and conditional quantiles for mixing processes and for the estimation of dependence in long memory processes.
Duality between the two-locus Wright-Fisher Diffusion Model and the Ancestral Process with Recombination
Creators: name: Mano, Shuhei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Known results on the moments of the distribution generated by the two-locus Wright-Fisher diffusion model and a duality between the diffusion process and the ancestral process with recombination are briefly summarized. A numerical methods for computing moments by a Markov chain Monte Carlo and a method to compute closed-form expressions of the moments are presented. By using the duality argument properties of the ancestral recombination graph are studied in terms of the moments.
description: 25 pages, no figures
Assessment of Push and Pull Determinants for Academic Staffs’ Turnover in Ethiopian Universities: The Case of Ambo University
Creators: name: Hirpassa, Motuma
Publisher: name: Journal of Science and Sustainable Development
Year: 2017

description: Considering high turnover as a sign of challenge in an organization, this study was conducted to assess the determinants (Pulling and Pushing) factors for academic staffs turnover of Ambo University in 2014. The study focused on six factors; economic, managerial, environmental, social and technological, teaching related factors and student characteristics. Both primary and secondary data was utilized in the study. Primary data was through the use of attitudinal survey questionnaire, semi-structured interview, focused group discussions and secondary data by document analysis. A total of 295 (182 current and 113 former) staffs were included in the study. The multistage stratified sampling technique was used to select current staff members while former staff members were selected on the bases of available and snowball sampling techniques. The analysis employed both the quantitative and qualitative approaches. The results showed that the rate of turnover exceeds 10% in the university by 2014. Economic factor was identified as a major pulling and pushing factor, whereas environment/ location was a pull factor. However, social service, technological, managerial, student characters and teaching related factors in descending order were perceived as pushing factors for the teachers in the university. A downward review of government tax policy regime, timely provision of instructors’ performance evaluation, and improvement in the working environment will help influence instructors’ turnover decision. Moreover, further study that incorporates higher management officials and a detailed analysis of government policies as it affects Universities in Ethiopia and Ambo University in particular is suggested.
description: Journal of Science and Sustainable Development, Vol. 5 No. 1 (2017)
Families of exact solutions to Vasiliev's 4D equations with spherical, cylindrical and biaxial symmetry
Creators: name: Iazeolla, Carlo
name: Sundell, Per
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide Vasiliev's four-dimensional bosonic higher-spin gravities with six families of exact solutions admitting two commuting Killing vectors. Each family contains a subset of generalized Petrov Type-D solutions in which one of the two so(2) symmetries enhances to either so(3) or so(2,1). In particular, the spherically symmetric solutions are static and we expect one of them to be gauge-equivalent to the extremal Didenko-Vasiliev solution given in arXiv:0906.3898. The solutions activate all spins and can be characterized either via generalized electric and magnetic charges defined asymptotically in weak-field regions or via the values of fully higher-spin gauge-invariant observables given by on-shell closed zero-forms. The solutions are obtained by combining the gauge-function method with separation of variables in twistor space via expansion of the Weyl zero-form in Di-Rac supersingleton projectors times deformation parameters in a fashion that is suggestive of a generalized electromagnetic duality.
description: v1: 77 pages; 3 tables; 23 pages of appendices. v2: 5 additional pages of clarifications, typos corrected
The Arabidopsis MYB FOUR LIPS conditionally restricts stomatal endoreduplication
Creators: name: Liu, Xuguang
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Stomata are two-celled epidermal valves responsible for gas exchange between the shoot and the atmosphere. FOUR LIPS and MYB88 are MYB transcription factors required for correctly patterning Arabidopsis stomata. Normally the guard mother cell (GMC), a stomatal precursor cell, divides once symmetrically producing a two-celled stoma. However, when FLP function is lost via mutation, excess divisions occur which result in abnormally two (or more) stomata in direct contact. Thus FLP normally represses cell divisions allowing normal stomatal differentiation and patterning. The last division in normal stomatal development, as well as the excess divisions in flp mutants, require the activities of CYCLIN DEPENDENT KINASE B1;1 and CDKB1;2. This study reports that the loss of function of all four genes (i.e. in a flp-1 myb88 cdkb1;1 cdkb1;2 quadruple mutant) induces a novel phenotype of endoreduplicated stomata and single guard cells, which are much larger than normal. In addition, chemically blocking mitosis in the flp-1 mutant or flp-1 myb88 double mutant, as opposed to in the quadruple mutant, also induces the formation of endoreduplicated stomata and single guard cells. These data suggest that the genetic or chemical blockage of mitosis allows the loss of FLP function, which normally limits division, to instead derepress endoreplication. FLP directly targets and likely represses the expression of a series of core cell cycle genes including those that act during G1-to-S phase (such as CELL DIVISION CONTROL 6A which promotes DNA replication) and G2-to-M phase (such as CDKB1;1 which promotes mitosis). These data extend previous results showing that FLP is a developmental regulator that coordinates cell cycle and differentiation.
MOESM1 of Parsing the synonymous mutations in the maize genome: isoaccepting mutations are more advantageous in regions with codon co-occurrence bias
Creators: name: Chu, Duan
name: Wei, Lai
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Locations of the CDS sequence files of the plant species used in this study. The basic statistics such as the number of genes and codons in maize, and the numbers of detected different mutation types in maize are also displayed. Figure S2. An example of how to define the isoaccepting codon(s) of a given codon. The four Ala codons are taken as an example. Figure S3. The observed patterns are robust when excluding the CpG regions as a confounding factor. Only mutations outside the CpG regions were considered in this case. Significance was defined by Fisherâ s exact test and the Wilcoxon rank sum test. Figure S4. Linkage disequilibrium (LD) analysis of the pairwise mutation sites called from the RNA-seq data. An example of a (pairwise) linkage plot is shown for 13 mutation sites in gene Zm00001d031523_T001. The positions of these mutation sites are given in the plot.
Effect of Integrating Poultry Manure and Inorganic NP Fertilizers on Growth, Yield and Yield Component of Maize (Zea mays L.) at Ambo, Ethiopia
Creators: name: Kusse, Tulu
name: Balemi, Tesfaye
name: Abera, Tolera
Publisher: name: Journal of Science and Sustainable Development
Year: 2016

description: Soil fertility decline is a major constraint to sustain higher agricultural production and productivity in tropical soils due to removal of crop residues from crop fields, low inherent soil fertility and the repeated suboptimal fertilization. A field experiment was conducted at Ambo University research farm, Ethiopia to investigate the effect of different levels of poultry manure (PM) and NP fertilizer rates on growth, yield and nutrient uptake of maize (Zea mays L.). The experiment consisted of eight treatments: control, 15 t ha-1 PM, 30 t ha -1 PM, 15 t ha-1 PM + 25% rec. NP, 15 t ha-1 PM + 50% rec. NP, 30 t ha-1 PM + 25% rec.NP, 30 t ha-1 PM + 50 % rec.NP and 100% recommended dose of NP fertilizer rates which were laid out in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The results showed significantly (P<0.001) higher values of plant height, number of leaves per plant, leaf area, leaf area index, number of cobs per plant, cob girth, cob length, number of grains per cob, 1000-grain weight, dry biomass yield, harvest index and grain yield with the application of 30 t ha-1 PM plus 50% recommended NP fertilizer compared to both the absolute and standard controls. The highest maize grain yield (132.7q ha-1) was recorded for the treatment that received 30 t ha-1 PM combined with 50% recommended NP fertilizer. The lowest values of growth parameters, yield and yield components were recorded from the absolute control where no PM and chemical NP fertilizer were applied. Higher total N and P uptake was recorded with the application of 30 t ha-1 PM plus 50% recommended NP fertilizer. Correlation analysis indicated a positive relationship between grain yields and all growth and yield parameters. Moreover, the economic analysis showed higher net benefits from the application of 30 t ha-1 PM plus 50% rec. NP fertilizer rates. The integrated use of organic manure along with inorganic fertilizer improved the total nitrogen and phosphorus uptake
description: Journal of Science and Sustainable Development, Vol. 4 No. 2 (2016)
Elective course recommendation model for higher education program
Creators: name: Dussadee Praserttitipong
name: Wijak Srisujjalertwaja
Publisher: name: Research and Development Office, Prince of Songkla University
Year: 2018
Subjects: collaborative filtering technique
educational data mining
course recommendation system
knowledge discovery

description: Songklanakarin Journal of Science and Technology, 40, 6, 1232-1239
Some Orthogonal Polynomials Arising from Coherent States
Creators: name: Ali, S. Twareque
name: Ismail, Mourad E. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 46N50, 81Q99, 12Y99

description: We explore in this paper some orthogonal polynomials which are naturally associated to certain families of coherent states, often referred to as nonlinear coherent states in the quantum optics literature. Some examples turn out to be known orthogonal polynomials but in many cases we encounter a general class of new orthogonal polynomials for which we establish several qualitative results.
description: 21 pages
In her Eyes: A Hermeneutic Study of Self-Compassion and Body Shame Among Women
Creators: name: Klingle, Kirsten
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: self-compassion
subject: body shame
subject: women
subject: hermeneutics
subject: Educational Psychology
subject: Women's Studies

description: Body shame is a body-centric form of self-criticism that includes the belief that one’s body does not adhere to societal norms, and an individual feels shame as a result. The topic of body shame, especially among women, has become a growing area of research interest given the implications this negative self-evaluation may have on both physical and mental health. One way to mitigate the experience of body shame among women may be to enhance self-compassion. Defined as kindness turned inward, the central tenets of self-compassion include mindfulness, treating oneself with kindness, and recognizing common humanity. Research on self-compassion and body shame has shown promising results; self-compassion has been negatively correlated with body shame, body dissatisfaction, drive for thinness, and emotional distress. While this research is significant in elucidating the relationship between self-compassion and body shame, limited research to date has explored the perceptions and experiences of body shame and self-compassion from the viewpoint of women who have suffered or are currently suffering with body shame. This is an important area of investigation, as the findings may have direct and specific implications for research, interventions, and supports among women. Therefore, my purpose in conducting this research was to understand self-compassion from the perspectives of women who have experienced or are experiencing body shame. To explore this research question I was guided by Gadamer’s (2014) philosophical hermeneutics. This reflexive, dialogical, and interpretive philosophy is especially appropriate when applied to questions aimed at the nature of understanding. In total, 10 women took part in semi-structured interviews. Each participant was asked about her experiences with her body, self-compassion, and obstacles to self-compassion. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed. The findings include interpretations and participant quotes as support, incorporated with a selection of relevant and topical literature. The results of this study offer a novel and necessary contribution to the research field by addressing the nuanced viewpoints and experiences of body shame and self-compassion.
The Historical Origins of the Conflict between Copyright and the First Amendment
Creators: name: Cronin, Patrick
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Constitutional law
Intellectual property
Copyright

description: This Article addresses the argument that certain aspects of copyright law violate the First Amendment an argument numerous copyright and constitutional law scholars advance from a historical perspective. The Federal Courts have largely rejected versions of this argument, although in the wake of the Eldred v. Ashcroft decision there is some small indication that they are more willing to apply First Amendment doctrine to copyright cases. Most of the literature addressing the relationship between copyright law and the First Amendment approaches the question from either a doctrinal or an originalist perspective. Both perspectives face large problems. The doctrinal angle must contend with the large body of case law refusing to apply the First Amendment to copyright infringement suits, while the originalist perspective struggles with the lack of evidence of the intent of the ratifiers with respect to the relationship between the two clauses. In response to these two approaches, this Article argues that in order to understand the current tension between the First Amendment and the Copyright Clause, it is necessary to go beyond the founding generation and investigate the way both copyright and the First Amendment were transformed by the generation that lived through the period surrounding the Civil War and ratified the Fourteenth Amendment. Furthermore, because of the importance of historical struggles to the interpretation of the First Amendment, it is helpful to step outside the courtroom in order to understand the values that animate the Free Speech Clause. An understanding of this history clarifies the constitutional values embodied in the Copyright Clause and the First Amendment, and thus offers textual and historical grounding for the arguments that there is a tension between the two clauses that must be reconciled.
การศึกษาความสามารถในการให้เหตุผลเชิงความน่าจะเป็นของนักเรียนชั้นมัธยมศึกษาปีที่ 3 โดยใช้กิจกรรมปฏิบัติร่วมกับแนวคิดเกมมิฟิเคชัน
Creators: name: ศรัณย์ จันทร์แก้ว
Publisher: name: Facilty of Education Rajabhat Maha Sarakham University
Year: 2563
Subjects: การให้เหตุผลเชิงความน่าจะเป็น
กิจกรรมปฏิบัติแบบมีส่วนร่วม
เกมมิฟิเคชัน

description: Journal of Education, 17, 3, 77-87
VIX-linked GMMB under affine GARCH models and its Diffusion Limits
Creators: name: Chen, Yuyu
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Variable annuity
subject: VIX-linked fee
subject: GMMB
subject: affine GARCH models
subject: closed-form solution
subject: diffusion limits
subject: Education--Finance
subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In variable annuity (VA) industry, to compensate for the liability coming from embedded riders in VA, insurer usually charge a fixed percentage of investment fund as the riders fee. However, the traditional fixed-fee structure would misalign insurer’s income and liability and in consequence cause risk management challenges for insurer. In 2013, the Chicago Board of Options Exchange (CBOE) suggests linking riders fee in variable annuity with VIX index in a white paper and shows that VIX-linked fee structure can help to re-align insurer’s income and liability using non-parametric models. Affine GARCH models are used in this work to analyze VIX-linked fee structure for VA with guarantee minimum maturity benefit (GMMB). A closed-form solution to GMMB has been derived and is used to determine a fair fee structure. Comparison between fixed-fee structure and VIX-linked fee structure has been been shown by numerical examples.
The theory of the state: An economic perspective
Creators: name: Findlay, Ronald E.
name: Wellisz, Stanislaw H.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Economic history
subject: Political science
subject: FOS: Political science

description: The principle of laissez-faire, so closely associated with Adam Smith and the classical economists, should certainly not be considered an endorsement of anarchy as the ideal form of social order. Despite the theological overtones of divine providence in the imagery of the "invisible hand", Smith and his followers did not regard the market and the price mechanism as a spontaneous form of natural order that would prevail in any social group. Political organization in some form is necessary to provide the framework of law and order within which justice could be maintained and contracts enforced. Thus even one of their harshest critics, Thomas Carlyle, described their system not as anarchy, but as "anarchy plus the constable". The necessity of the "state" in the sense of the institution that claims a monopoly of the legitimate use of force over a given territory, or as Max Weber (1964, p. 154) defined it, for the proper functioning of "the market" and indeed of all forms of civilized human endeavor, can be traced back to the seminal influence of The Leviathan, the foundation of modern political thought laid by Thomas Hobbes (1651).
The Dynamics of Deforestation: Evidence From Costa Rica
Creators: name: Kerr, Suzi
name: Talikoff, Alexander Strickland Pfaff
name: Sanchez, Arturo
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2000
Subjects: Economics
Climatic changes

description: In this paper we estimate deforestation patterns (across time and 436 districts within Costa Rica) with an econometric method explicitly derived from a dynamic microeconomic model. While the underlying model is similar to that used by Stavins and Jaffe 1990, we use different econometric tools which permit us to condition on previous optimal selection of land as well as a plot's currents forest/clearing status, and allow for dynamic adjustments of unobserved variables. As our coefficients are estimated from forest transitions, this yields a theoretical basis for deforestation regressions in which the estimated coefficients can be linked to theory. Our methodology is most naturally applied to plot data, but can be applied to aggregates including districts (as in this paper) or even to countries. The paper starts with a model of individual land use choices. It then discusses how these decisions will change over time in response to observable and unobservable economic factors. As usual the effects of unobservable factors lie behind error distributions, and allow us to derive a testable econometric model. Both the model and econometric analysis explicitly recognize that, because of unobservable adjustment costs and other endogenous but unobservable economy wide changes in the profitability of land clearing the observed level of forest at a given time is likely to differ from the equilibrium level predicted by complete adjustment to the vector of observable independent variables (i.e., factors that affect relative returns from production using cleared versus using forested land). Observed forest levels (for districts) move gradually toward long-run equilibrium as well as responding to shocks in the level of the equilibrium resulting from changes in the factors that drive relative returns. This dynamic adjustment process means current district deforestation rates are conditional on past deforestation. The results could be used not only to understand deforestation and agricultural extensification pattern, but also as the basis for creating carbon baseline projections. The Kyoto Protocol requires credible baseline estimates in order to allow the Clean Development Mechanism to provide credit for avoided deforestation without damaging the integrity of the global climate change effort.
Data deposit in a CKAN repository: A Dublin Core-based simplified workflow
Creators: name: Karimova, Yulia
name: Castro, João Aguiar
name: Ribeiro, Cristina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Research data management
Metadata
Dublin Core

description: Presentation at IRCDL, Pisa, 1 February, 2019

We consider the deposit process for a CKAN-powered data repository. A simplied data deposit process is illustrated here by means of a set of examples where researchers describe their data and complete the publication in the repository. The process is organised around a Dublin Core-based dataset deposit form.

The contacts with researchers provided the opportunity to gather feedback about the Dublin Core metadata and the overall experience.
Hybrid Ethnicity in the Urban Built Environment
Creators: name: Hassonjee, Insia
Publisher: name: Environmental Design
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: interculturalism
subject: intercultural urbanism
subject: ethnic hybridity
subject: ethnic group
subject: canadian neighbourhood
subject: collingwood
subject: assimilation
subject: multiculturalism
subject: intercultural model
subject: sandercock
subject: Architecture
subject: FOS: Civil engineering
subject: Education--Bilingual and Multicultural
subject: Literature--Canadian (English)
subject: Anthropology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Anthropology--Cultural
subject: Ethnic and Racial Studies
subject: Urban and Regional Planning
subject: FOS: Social and economic geography
subject: Psychology--Social

description: The interface of one ethnicity with another has always resulted in an exchange of ideologies, lifestyles and architecture (Wood, 2008). This phenomenon is an integral part of history and ethnic landscapes were and are part and parcel of the urban environment (Krase, 2002). Today, this exchange of ethnic identities is associated with globalization and migration in an urban scenario. This research explores ethnic expression and inhabitation in the northeast neighbourhoods of Calgary and the impact of this on people, their perceptions and experiences of the built environment, and on city planning and policies. The built environment of northeast Calgary is compared to the parameters of interculturalism, evaluating the area for evidence of intercultural place making. The immigrant populated northeast neighbourhoods of Falconridge, Castleridge, Taradale, Martindale, Coral Springs and Saddle Ridge are explored in this study. The enquiry is done through detailed qualitative interviews and cognitive mapping exercises with residents of the neighbourhoods, out of which a set of themes are derived and discussed. The principles of interculturalism are compared to the social and physical environment of these neighbourhoods. The evaluation reveals themes favourable to both ethnic clustering and intercultural placemaking. Multicultural experiences of residents of the northeast neighbourhoods are evaluated in their international and Canadian context. Based on this analysis, recommendations are provided for revised policies and urban planning practices to be reviewed to accommodate the hybrid intercultural urban environment of today’s Canadian cities with participatory planning as a fundamental tool in consultation processes.
การพัฒนาทักษะการสร้างแบบจำลอง เรื่อง กรดและเบส ของนักเรียนชั้นมัธยมศึกษาปีที่ 5 โดยใช้การจัดกิจกรรมการเรียนรู้แบบจำลองเป็นฐาน
Creators: name: วัลลภ ปริญทอง
Publisher: name: Facilty of Education Rajabhat Maha Sarakham University
Year: 2563
Subjects: ทักษะการสร้างแบบจำลอง
กรดและเบส
แบบจำลองเป็นฐาน

description: Journal of Education, 17, 3, 89-100
Modelling Stirred Suspension Bioreactors for Scalable Expansion of Pluripotent Stem Cells
Creators: name: Wyma, Alexander Arun
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Bioreactor
subject: CFD
subject: Stem Cell
subject: Aggregate
subject: Rheology
subject: Population Balance
subject: Scale-Up
subject: Engineering
subject: Engineering--Biomedical

description: The emerging field of regenerative medicine seeks to leverage the potential of stem cell therapies to treat a wide variety of diseases and conditions. Sophisticated bioprocesses with engineering controls are required to produce the billions of cells required to facilitate these therapies. To this end, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) has been gaining popularity as a tool to characterize the hydrodynamic environment stem cells experience during bioprocessing. Recent studies have shown mammalian stem cell cultures have non-Newtonian viscosity, while CFD investigations of mammalian stem cell bioprocessing have assumed they are a Newtonian fluid. This study compares CFD simulations of 100mL and 500mL stirred suspension bioreactors with Newtonian and non-Newtonian viscosity models. Findings indicate shear stress, turbulent energy dissipation rate, power number, and turbulent power ratio are all significantly affected by the difference in viscosity models. Further, volume average turbulent energy dissipation rate from CFD studies with non-Newtonian viscosity was used to successfully maintain murine embryonic stem cell aggregate size distribution during bioreactor scale-up. The results of this study demonstrate the need for accurate representation of cell culture viscosity and highlight the power of CFD as a tool to control and optimize stem cell bioprocessing.
MacIntyre and Habermas: A Proposed "Traditions of Enquiry"-Theoretic Turn Within Sociological Theory
Creators: name: Kruger, Reiss John
Publisher: name: Arts
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: sociological theory
subject: normative sociology
subject: Ethics
subject: dialogue
subject: philosophy of the social sciences
subject: history of social thought
subject: traditions of inquiry
subject: lifeworld
subject: translatability
subject: Education--History of
subject: Education--Philosophy of
subject: Education--Social Sciences
subject: Education--Sociology of
subject: Literature--Canadian (English)
subject: Philosophy
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: Sociology--Theory and Methods

description: This thesis brings together the works of Jürgen Habermas and Alasdair MacIntyre in an attempt to overcome what I have identified as problems in the normative sociological project of the former. Critiques levied against the is-ought problem implicit in the normative aspects of Habermas' theory of communicative action, and the role that the concepts of lifeworld plays in Habermas' overall theory, are overcome through a dialogue with the works of MacIntyre. In proposing MacIntyre's idea of 'traditions of inquiry' as a sociologically valuable tool of investigation and understanding, the author also seeks to access some of the normatively driving ideas about human goods, communities, and flourishing from MacIntyre and bring them into dialogue with Habermas' normative project. To do this however, certain disagreements, especially about modernity, must be either overcome or shown to be not significant enough to questions at hand. In facilitating this dialogue between Habermas and MacIntyre, the MacIntyrean concept of 'translatability' is employed to judge the similarities and differences between the two theorists' ideas, and judge how debilitating the differences that exist are. All this is aimed reconceptualizing sociology as a normative exercise, not merely restricted to the description of the social world, but fruitfully engaging with questions of 'what ought we to do.'
Multi-line detection of O2 toward rho Oph A
Creators: name: Liseau, R.
name: Goldsmith, P. F.
name: Larsson, B.
name: Pagani, L.
name: Bergman, P.
name: Bourlot, J. Le
name: Bell, T. A.
name: Benz, A. O.
name: Bergin, E. A.
name: Bjerkeli, P.
name: Black, J. H.
name: Bruderer, S.
name: Caselli, P.
name: Caux, E.
name: Chen, J. -H.
name: de Luca, M.
name: Encrenaz, P.
name: Falgarone, E.
name: Gerin, M.
name: Goicoechea, J. R.
name: Hjalmarson, Å.
name: Hollenbach, D. J.
name: Justtanont, K.
name: Kaufman, M. J.
name: Petit, F. Le
name: Li, D.
name: Lis, D. C.
name: Melnick, G. J.
name: Nagy, Z.
name: Olofsson, A. O. H.
name: Olofsson, G.
name: Roueff, E.
name: Sandqvist, Aa.
name: Snell, R. L.
name: van der Tak, F. F. S.
name: van Dishoeck, E. F.
name: Vastel, C.
name: Viti, S.
name: Yıldız, U. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Models of pure gas-phase chemistry in well-shielded regions of molecular clouds predict relatively high levels of molecular oxygen, O2, and water, H2O. Contrary to expectation, the space missions SWAS and Odin found only very small amounts of water vapour and essentially no O2 in the dense star-forming interstellar medium. Only toward rho Oph A did Odin detect a weak line of O2 at 119 GHz in a beam size of 10 arcmin. A larger telescope aperture such as that of the Herschel Space Observatory is required to resolve the O2 emission and to pinpoint its origin. We use the Heterodyne Instrument for the Far Infrared aboard Herschel to obtain high resolution O2 spectra toward selected positions in rho Oph A. These data are analysed using standard techniques for O2 excitation and compared to recent PDR-like chemical cloud models. The 487.2GHz line was clearly detected toward all three observed positions in rho Oph A. In addition, an oversampled map of the 773.8GHz transition revealed the detection of the line in only half of the observed area. Based on their ratios, the temperature of the O2 emitting gas appears to vary quite substantially, with warm gas (> 50 K) adjacent to a much colder region, where temperatures are below 30 K. The exploited models predict O2 column densities to be sensitive to the prevailing dust temperatures, but rather insensitive to the temperatures of the gas. In agreement with these model, the observationally determined O2 column densities seem not to depend strongly on the derived gas temperatures, but fall into the range N(O2) = (3 to >6)e15/cm^2. Beam averaged O2 abundances are about 5e-8 relative to H2. Combining the HIFI data with earlier Odin observations yields a source size at 119 GHz of about 4 - 5 arcmin, encompassing the entire rho Oph A core.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures intended for publication in A&A