cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Exact spherically-symmetric inhomogeneous model with n perfect fluids
Creators: name: Marra, Valerio
name: Paakkonen, Mikko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the exact equations governing the dynamics of a spherically-symmetric inhomogeneous model with n decoupled and non-comoving perfect fluids. Thanks to the use of physically meaningful quantities we write the set of 3+2n equations in a concise and transparent way. The n perfect fluids can have general equations of state, thus making the model extremely flexible to study a large variety of cosmological and astrophysical problems. As applications we consider a model sourced by two non-comoving dust components and a cosmological constant, and a model featuring dust and a dark energy component with negligible speed of sound.
description: 31 pages, 11 figures; matches version accepted for publication in JCAP; added application to clustering dark energy, comparison with previous work on exact solutions, and other minor improvements/references
Microwave Background Temperature at a Redshift of 6.34 from H2O Absorption
Creators: name: Riechers, Dominik A.
name: Weiss, Axel
name: Walter, Fabian
name: Carilli, Christopher L.
name: Cox, Pierre
name: Decarli, Roberto
name: Neri, Roberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Distortions of the observed cosmic microwave background imprinted by the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect toward massive galaxy clusters due to inverse Compton scattering of microwave photons by high-energy electrons provide a direct measurement of the microwave background temperature at redshifts from 0 to 1. Some additional background temperature estimates exist at redshifts from 1.8 to 3.3 based on molecular and atomic line excitation temperatures in quasar absorption line systems, but are model dependent. To date, no deviations from the expected (1+z) scaling behavior of the microwave background temperature have been seen, but the measurements have not extended deeply into the matter-dominated era of the universe at redshifts z>3.3. Here we report the detection of sub-millimeter line absorption from the water molecule against the cosmic microwave background at z=6.34 in a massive starburst galaxy, corresponding to a lookback time of 12.8 Gyr. Radiative pumping of the upper level of the ground-state ortho-H2O(110-101) line due to starburst activity in the dusty galaxy HFLS3 results in a cooling to below the redshifted microwave background temperature, after the transition is initially excited by the microwave background. The strength of this effect implies a microwave background temperature of 16.4-30.2 K (1-sigma range) at z=6.34, which is consistent with a background temperature increase with redshift as expected from the standard CDM cosmology.
description: 16 pages, 6 figures, 1 table (including Methods and Extended Data). The version of record of this article, first published (open access) in Nature, is available online at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-04294-5
The relationship between comorbid psychopathologies of children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder and parental self-efficacy
Creators: name: De Carlo, Eliannah Gabrielle
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2021

description: While a diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) presents a myriad of difficulties, comorbid psychiatric disorders can exacerbate an individual’s challenges, as well as those related to parenting and caregiving (Guerrera et al., 2019). Specifically, parental self-efficacy, defined as “the degree to which the parent feels competent and confident in handling child problems,” is a phenomenon found to impact both the caregiver and child, relating to parenting competence, child outcomes, and protective factors (Gilmore & Cuskelly, 2009). While previous research addresses the general impact of ASD and/or psychiatric comorbidities on caregivers, this study examines the relationship between co-occurring psychiatric difficulties and parental self-efficacy (Guerrera et al., 2019; Hastings & Brown, 2002; Simonoff et al., 2008). This researcher hypothesized that there would be an inverse relationship between the level of psychiatric comorbidity and the level of parental self-efficacy. Participants included caregivers of children and adolescents ages six to seventeen with a diagnosis of ASD that was the product of either the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule, Second Edition (ADOS-2) or the Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised (ADI-R). Caregivers were asked to complete the Child Behavior Checklist, School-Age Form (CBCL) and Parenting Sense of Competence Scale (PSOC), as well as a brief questionnaire regarding ASD diagnosis and treatment history. Correlational analyses between psychiatric comorbidity, as measured by the CBCL Total Problems score, and parental self-efficacy, as measured by the PSOC Total score, were significant (r = -.47, p < .01), indicating an inverse correlation between the variables. Linear regression revealed a statistically significant relationship between the primary study variables (t = -3.38, p < .01), and adjusted R2 (.20) indicated that psychiatric comorbidity explained 20% of variability in parental self-efficacy. These findings supported the hypothesized relationship between parental self-efficacy and comorbid psychopathologies, as well as the prevalence of common comorbidities within the sample, including depressive, somatic, conduct, and anxiety problems. Given these findings, implications for child- and parent-focused treatment as well as future directions, including examination of the impact of additional factors (e.g., caring for more than one child with disabilities), were discussed. Potential limitations included small sample size as well as participant characteristics.
Observable dynamics and coordinate systems for automotive target tracking
Creators: name: Altendorfer, Richard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We investigate several coordinate systems and dynamical vector fields for target tracking to be used in driver assistance systems. We show how to express the discrete dynamics of maneuvering target vehicles in arbitrary coordinates starting from the target's and the own (ego) vehicle's assumed dynamical model in global coordinates. We clarify the notion of "ego compensation" and show how non-inertial effects are to be included when using a body-fixed coordinate system for target tracking. We finally compare the tracking error of different combinations of target tracking coordinates and dynamical vector fields for simulated data.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures
The geology of Timor-Leste: a review
Creators: name: Santos, Frederico C. M.
name: Vicente, Victor A. S.
name: Pratas, João A. M. S.
name: Conde, Luís E. N.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: Este artigo fornece uma visão geral da geologia de Timor-Leste e da história da investigação geológica no país. Timor-Leste está localizado no Sudeste Asiático, aproximadamente 700 km a norte da costa setentrional da Austrália. A Ilha de Timor faz parte do Arco Externo Não Vulcânico de Banda que se formou a partir da colisão entre o Arco de Banda Vulcânico e a Crosta Continental Australiana, ocorrida no Miocénico Superior. Esta condição faz com que a Ilha de Timor tenha um cenário geológico extremamente complexo, que tem atraído muitas atenções de vários especialistas em todo o mundo, desde o início do século XX. Geralmente, a história da investigação geológica em Timor-Leste pode ser dividida em três períodos principais: i) Período antes de 1975 (durante a colonização portuguesa); ii) Período entre 1975 - 1999 (ocupação indonésia); e iii) Período de 1999 - Recente (Pós-Independência). Em termos tectonostratigráficos, a Ilha de Timor pode ser agrupada em três unidades distintas: i) Alóctone/Terreno de Banda (pré-colisão do Ante-arco de Banda/afinidade asiática); ii) Para-autóctones (Megasequência do Gondwanica e Megasequência da Margem Australiana); e iii) Autóctone (Megasequência sinorogénica).
Routing Security Issues in Wireless Sensor Networks: Attacks and Defenses
Creators: name: Sen, Jaydip
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are rapidly emerging as an important new area in wireless and mobile computing research. Applications of WSNs are numerous and growing, and range from indoor deployment scenarios in the home and office to outdoor deployment scenarios in adversary's territory in a tactical battleground (Akyildiz et al., 2002). For military environment, dispersal of WSNs into an adversary's territory enables the detection and tracking of enemy soldiers and vehicles. For home/office environments, indoor sensor networks offer the ability to monitor the health of the elderly and to detect intruders via a wireless home security system. In each of these scenarios, lives and livelihoods may depend on the timeliness and correctness of the sensor data obtained from dispersed sensor nodes. As a result, such WSNs must be secured to prevent an intruder from obstructing the delivery of correct sensor data and from forging sensor data. To address the latter problem, end-to-end data integrity checksums and post-processing of senor data can be used to identify forged sensor data (Estrin et al., 1999; Hu et al., 2003a; Ye et al., 2004). The focus of this chapter is on routing security in WSNs. Most of the currently existing routing protocols for WSNs make an optimization on the limited capabilities of the nodes and the application-specific nature of the network, but do not any the security aspects of the protocols. Although these protocols have not been designed with security as a goal, it is extremely important to analyze their security properties. When the defender has the liabilities of insecure wireless communication, limited node capabilities, and possible insider threats, and the adversaries can use powerful laptops with high energy and long range communication to attack the network, designing a secure routing protocol for WSNs is obviously a non-trivial task.
description: 32 pages, 5 figures, 4 tables 4. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1011.1529
L’esperienza tattile del modellare per sviluppare la consapevolezza del guardare e del rappresentare
Creators: name: Luzzi, Arianna
Publisher: name: Scuola Universitaria della Svizzera Italiana (SUPSI)
Year: 2014

description: La pratica del disegno e quella della modellatura vengono esercitate nelle scuole obbligatorie del nostro cantone per permettere agli allievi di porsi questioni relative alla raffigurazione della “realtà” e per permettere loro di apprendere le tecniche per poterla restituire attraverso le due modalità espressive. La ricerca in questione desidera indagare se esistono delle correlazioni tra le due tecniche per comprendere se una può influenzare l’altra e viceversa. Più precisamente attraverso tre attività si desidera valutare se l’esperienza tattile del modellamento, quale tecnica meno affrontata nel corso dello sviluppo dei bambini nelle scuole obbligatorie, può influenzare la rappresentazione grafica della “realtà”, così come sviluppare la consapevolezza nel modo di guardarla e osservarla. Si è chiesto a tre classi di età diverse (campioni A, B e C) di copiare graficamente un modellino (disegno 1) di un orso; poi di costruirlo con un materiale plastico e alla fine di copiarlo nuovamente con la matita (disegno 2). Confrontando i prodotti dei singoli allievi e dei campioni si constata che l’esperienza tattile del modellare ha aiutato i bambini a osservare più attentamente il modellino originale e a modificare nel disegno 2 alcuni dettagli che nel disegno 1 non avevano considerato. Sul piano della consapevolezza ha permesso di riflettere attorno alle caratteristiche relative alle due pratiche e sulle loro diverse difficoltà, individuando le loro peculiarità principali e comuni. Relatori: Dario Bianchi e Luisa Figini.
Chains of Mean Field Models
Creators: name: Hassani, S. Hamed
name: Macris, Nicolas
name: Urbanke, Ruediger
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a collection of Curie-Weiss (CW) spin systems, possibly with a random field, each of which is placed along the positions of a one-dimensional chain. The CW systems are coupled together by a Kac-type interaction in the longitudinal direction of the chain and by an infinite range interaction in the direction transverse to the chain. Our motivations for studying this model come from recent findings in the theory of error correcting codes based on spatially coupled graphs. We find that, although much simpler than the codes, the model studied here already displays similar behaviors. We are interested in the van der Waals curve in a regime where the size of each Curie-Weiss model tends to infinity, and the length of the chain and range of the Kac interaction are large but finite. Below the critical temperature, and with appropriate boundary conditions, there appears a series of equilibrium states representing kink-like interfaces between the two equilibrium states of the individual system. The van der Waals curve oscillates periodically around the Maxwell plateau. These oscillations have a period inversely proportional to the chain length and an amplitude exponentially small in the range of the interaction; in other words the spinodal points of the chain model lie exponentially close to the phase transition threshold. The amplitude of the oscillations is closely related to a Peierls-Nabarro free energy barrier for the motion of the kink along the chain. Analogies to similar phenomena and their possible algorithmic significance for graphical models of interest in coding theory and theoretical computer science are pointed out.
Isla et al. 2023. Electronic Supplementary Material from The turnover of plant–frugivore interactions along plant range expansion: consequences for natural colonization processes
Creators: name: Isla, Jorge
name: Jácome-Flores, Miguel
name: Arroyo, Juan M.
name: Jordano, Pedro
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: A detailed description of the DNA-Barcoding protocol is given in this file. It also contains several photographs and figures describing the study system, which complement some of the analyses and procedures described in this study. Several descriptive tables about the interaction sampling efforts, and a detailed description of the neighbourhood attributes and individual plant phenotypes measured in this study are also included.
Elucidating the mechanism of type 2 innate lymphoid cell-mediated tumour elimination
Creators: name: De Lucía Finkel, Pablo
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2020

description: Besides amplifying type 2 immune responses, the role of type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) in cancer remains ambiguous. While some studies suggest that ILC2s exert immunosuppressive functions, others present evidence they enhance anti-cancer immunity. However, their successful isolation from mammal tissues and in vitro expansion continues to pose challenges. This is partly due to their scarcity compared to other leukocyte populations, but also because our current knowledge on ILC2 biology is incomplete. In this study, we focused on ST2+ IL-25Rlo lung resident ILC2s and demonstrate for the first time how mouse type 2 innate lymphoid cells can be cultured, grown and expanded in serum-free media containing interleukin-33 (IL-33), TSLP, IL-2 and IL-7. Moreover, we report that ILC2s from the lungs of mice with primary tumours are able to cross-present the ovalbumin peptide OVA257-264 and effectively cross-prime a population of OT-I cells. Our data also demonstrates that ILC2s from naïve mice are less efficient at antigen cross-presentation, suggesting a plastic cellular identity in the presence or absence of a tumour. To further our understanding of ILC2s harvested from mice with primary tumours, our single-cell RNA sequencing analyses reveal a highly heterogeneous population with several subsets. One of them downregulates markers associated to type 2 identity such as GATA-3, IL-5 or IL-13, but also begins to express pro-inflammatory markers like granzyme B, IFNγ or interferon-induced membrane proteins. We hypothesize that systemic inflammation or a tumour environment can trigger differentiation of a portion of the lung resident ILC2 population into a pro-inflammatory subset. The existence of these cells challenges current paradigms of ILC2 biology and implies the participation of a distinct agent in the process of cancer immune surveillance.
HIV-1 requires capsid remodelling at the nuclear pore for nuclear entry and integration.
Creators: name: Guedán, Anabel
name: Donaldson, Callum D
name: Caroe, Eve R
name: Cosnefroy, Ophélie
name: Taylor, Ian A
name: Bishop, Kate N
Publisher: name: The Francis Crick Institute
Year: 2021
Subjects: Model organisms
Biochemistry & Proteomics
Structural Biology & Biophysics
Cell Biology
Infectious Disease

description: The capsid (CA) lattice of the HIV-1 core plays a key role during infection. From the moment the core is released into the cytoplasm, it interacts with a range of cellular factors that, ultimately, direct the pre-integration complex to the integration site. For integration to occur, the CA lattice must disassemble. Early uncoating or a failure to do so has detrimental effects on virus infectivity, indicating that an optimal stability of the viral core is crucial for infection. Here, we introduced cysteine residues into HIV-1 CA in order to induce disulphide bond formation and engineer hyper-stable mutants that are slower or unable to uncoat, and then followed their replication. From a panel of mutants, we identified three with increased capsid stability in cells and found that, whilst the M68C/E212C mutant had a 5-fold reduction in reverse transcription, two mutants, A14C/E45C and E180C, were able to reverse transcribe to approximately WT levels in cycling cells. Moreover, these mutants only had a 5-fold reduction in 2-LTR circle production, suggesting that not only could reverse transcription complete in hyper-stable cores, but that the nascent viral cDNA could enter the nuclear compartment. Furthermore, we observed A14C/E45C mutant capsid in nuclear and chromatin-associated fractions implying that the hyper-stable cores themselves entered the nucleus. Immunofluorescence studies revealed that although the A14C/E45C mutant capsid reached the nuclear pore with the same kinetics as wild type capsid, it was then retained at the pore in association with Nup153. Crucially, infection with the hyper-stable mutants did not promote CPSF6 re-localisation to nuclear speckles, despite the mutant capsids being competent for CPSF6 binding. These observations suggest that hyper-stable cores are not able to uncoat, or remodel, enough to pass through or dissociate from the nuclear pore and integrate successfully. This, is turn, highlights the importance of capsid lattice flexibility for nuclear entry. In conclusion, we hypothesise that during a productive infection, a capsid remodelling step takes place at the nuclear pore that releases the core complex from Nup153, and relays it to CPSF6, which then localises it to chromatin ready for integration.
On the velocity autocorrelation function of a Brownian particle
Creators: name: Tsekov, Roumen
name: Radoev, Boryan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Memory effect of Brownian motion in an incompressible fluid is studied. The reasoning is based on the Mori-Zwanzig formalism and a new formulation of the Langevin force as a result of collisions between an effective and the Brownian particles. Thus, the stochastic force autocorrelation function with finite dispersion and the corresponding Brownian particle velocity autocorrelation function are obtained.
description: The paper is dedicated to the 70th anniversary of A. Sheludko
Approximate boundary synchronization by groups for a coupled system of wave equations with coupled Robin boundary conditions
Creators: name: Li, Tatsien
name: Rao, Bopeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 93B05, 93B07, 93C20

description: In this paper, we first give an algebraic characterization of uniqueness of continuation for a coupled system of wave equations with coupled Robin boundary conditions. Then, the approximate boundary controllability and the approximate boundary synchronization by groups for a coupled system of wave equations with coupled Robin boundary controls are developed around this fundamental characterization.
Il PIL, nonostante tutto, in una classe liceale
Creators: name: Mapelli, Amedeo
Publisher: name: Scuola Universitaria della Svizzera Italiana (SUPSI)
Year: 2021

description: Questo lavoro di diploma si prefigge di analizzare tre Unità Didattiche, due ore lezione cadauna, realmente svolte in una classe di Quarta al Liceo cantonale di Mendrisio. La classe in questione non ha un’opzione specifica economico-giuridica. Il percorso didattico preso in esame verte sullo studio del Prodotto Interno Lordo (PIL): con la classe abbiamo iniziato a studiare la nascita e le circostanze storiche in cui il padre teorico, Simon Kuznets, ha elaborato il PIL. In seguito, la classe ha affrontato la teoria che sta alla base dell’indicatore macroeconomico, per poi comprendere i limiti e gli indici che potenzialmente potrebbero sostituirlo. L’obiettivo del presente lavoro è quello di analizzare criticamente la strategia e l’approccio didattico utilizzato e, alla luce dei Seminari e dei Laboratori di didattica disciplinare, pianificare dei percorsi alternativi. La riflessione critica svolta e la pianificazione alternativa fungono da base di partenza per l’elaborazione di future strategie didattiche da adottare in una classe liceale. Relatori: Luca Berla, Aldo Foglia. Materie: Economia e diritto.
Space-like Weingarten surfaces in the three-dimensional Minkowski space and their natural partial differential equations
Creators: name: Ganchev, Georgi
name: Mihova, Vesselka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53A05, 53A10

description: On any space-like W-surface in the three-dimensional Minkowski space we introduce locally natural principal parameters and prove that such a surface is determined uniquely up to motion by a special invariant function, which satisfies a natural non-linear partial differential equation. This result can be interpreted as a solution to the Lund-Regge reduction problem for space-like W-surfaces in Minkowski space. We apply this theory to linear fractional space-like W-surfaces and obtain the natural non-linear partial differential equations describing them. We obtain a characterization of space-like surfaces, whose curvatures satisfy a linear relation, by means of their natural partial differential equations. We obtain the ten natural PDE's describing all linear fractional space-like W-surfaces.
description: 16 pages; 5 references added. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1105.3652
Perturbation Theory Based on Darboux Transformation on One-Dimensional Dirac Equation in Quantum Computation
Creators: name: Trisetyarso, Agung
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the recent works \cite{trisetyarso2011} on the application of Darboux transformation on one-dimensional Dirac equation related to the field of Quantum Information and Computation (QIC). The representation of physical system in one-dimensional equation and its transformation due to the Bagrov, Baldiotti, Gitman, and Shamshutdinova (BBGS)-Darboux transformation showing the possibility admitting the concept of relativity and the trade-off of concurrent condition of quantum and classical physics play into the area of QIC. The applications in cavity quantum electrodynamics and on the proposal of quantum transistor are presented.
description: 2 pages, 3 figures Information and Communication Technology (ICoICT), 2013
Additional file 1 of Long noncoding RNA LIPH-4 promotes esophageal squamous cell carcinoma progression by regulating the miR-216b/IGF2BP2 axis
Creators: name: Xiao, Yuhang
name: Tang, Jinming
name: Yang, Desong
name: Zhang, Baihua
name: Wu, Jie
name: Wu, Zhining
name: Liao, Qianjin
name: Wang, Hui
name: Wang, Wenxiang
name: Su, Min
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Table 1. Primer sequences for qRT-PCR. Supplementary Table 2. Sequences of siRNA.
Thematic Domain Analysis for Ocean Modeling
Creators: name: Jung, Reiner
name: Gundlach, Sven
name: Hasselbring, Wilhelm
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Ocean science is a discipline that employs ocean models as an essential research asset. Such scientific modeling provides mathematical abstractions of real-world systems, e.g., the oceans. These models are then coded as implementations of the mathematical abstractions. The developed software systems are called models of the real-world system. To advance the state in engineering such ocean models, we intend to better understand how ocean models are developed and maintained in ocean science. In this paper, we present the results of semi-structured interviews and the Thematic Analysis~(TA) of the interview results to analyze the domain of ocean modeling. Thereby, we identified developer requirements and impediments to model development and evolution, and related themes. This analysis can help to understand where methods from software engineering should be introduced and which challenges need to be addressed. We suggest that other researchers extend and repeat our TA with model developers and research software engineers working in related domains to further advance our knowledge and skills in scientific modeling.
description: 14 pages. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2108.08589
Enhanced Detectability of Pre-reionization 21-cm Structure
Creators: name: Alvarez, Marcelo A.
name: Pen, Ue-Li
name: Chang, Tzu-Ching
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Before the universe was reionized, it was likely that the spin temperature of intergalactic hydrogen was decoupled from the CMB by UV radiation from the first stars through the Wouthuysen-Field effect. If the IGM had not yet been heated above the CMB temperature by that time, then the gas would appear in absorption relative to the CMB. Large, rare sources of X-rays could inject sufficient heat into the neutral IGM, so that the differential brightness temperature was greater than zero at comoving distances of tens to hundreds of Mpc, resulting in large 21-cm fluctuations with amplitudes of about 250 mK on arcminute to degree angular scales, an order of magnitude larger in amplitude than that caused by ionized bubbles during reionization, about 25 mK. This signal could therefore be easier to detect and probe higher redshifts than that due to patchy reionization. For the case in which the first objects to heat the IGM are QSOs hosting 10^7-solar mass black holes with an abundance exceeding about 1 per Gpc^3 at z~15, observations with either the Arecibo Observatory or the Five Hundred Meter Aperture Spherical Telescope (FAST) could detect and image their fluctuations at greater than 5-sigma significance in about a month of dedicated survey time. Additionally, existing facilities such as MWA and LOFAR could detect the statistical fluctuations arising from a population of 10^5-solar mass black holes with an abundance of about 10^4 per Gpc^3 at z~10-12.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, submitted to ApJ Letters; comments welcome
Ozark Fish Hybridization Supplemental Material from A community genomics approach to natural hybridization
Creators: name: Zbinden, Zachery D.
name: Douglas, Marlis R.
name: Chafin, Tyler K.
name: Douglas, Michael E.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Ecology

description: Methods, power analysis, and information pertaining to hybrids
Alla scoperta dei media: percorso didattico volto a sensibilizzare i bambini sul ruolo e sull'uso dei media digitali e analogici
Creators: name: Bistesi, Davide
Publisher: name: Scuola Universitaria della Svizzera Italiana (SUPSI)
Year: 2019

description: I media hanno un ruolo fondamentale nello sviluppo storico-culturale della società e ricoprono una costante nella nostra vita quotidiana. Ciò si ripercuote anche sui bambini che sono, a loro malgrado, immersi e relazionati in questa realtà diventando a tutti gli effetti dei consumatori. Con un questionario e dei focus group, ho sondato il grado di relazione che i bambini (un totale di 74 allievi SE, e più approfonditamente di una terza) hanno con i principali media a loro disposizione come: il libro, la radio, la televisione e Internet; in particolare, quale preferenza hanno e quale livello di consapevolezza possiedono nella loro decisione di scelta. L’argomento è stato sviluppato cercando una risposta a queste specifiche domande: c’è una preferenza per l’uso dei media da parte dei bambini? Nell’eventuale esistenza di una preferenza mediale, esiste comunque un’integrazione o una relazione in essa? E infine, c’è una difficoltà nell’identificare il motivo di questa preferenza? Per poter rispondere a questi quesiti, ho ideato un percorso che propone ai soggetti osservati un questionario semi-strutturato e dei focus group per raccogliere ulteriori dati. Con i bambini, inoltre, è stato svolto un percorso didattico (che tiene conto di raccolta concezioni e conoscenze) con presentazione e discussione finale dedicato alla scoperta storica, tecnologica, culturale e del ruolo sociale dei media trattati. I risultati hanno mostrato una parziale conferma delle ipotesi espresse con l’identificazione di una preferenza rivolta al contesto dei media digitali, un’interazione mediale e una relativa difficoltà dei bambini nel motivare la loro scelta. La ricerca ha individuato diversi aspetti interessanti come l’importanza della lettura e della scrittura nell’uso dei media e l’identificazione della terza elementare come spartiacque nelle competenze mediali. Tutto ciò mi ha confermato che l’itinerario svolto ha migliorato e accresciuto nei bambini la consapevolezza d’uso verso i media che li circondano. Relatore: Luca Botturi
Ultrahigh-Pressure Magnesium Hydrosilicates as Reservoirs of Water in Early Earth
Creators: name: Li, Han-Fei
name: Oganov, Artem R.
name: Cui, Haixu
name: Zhou, Xiang-Feng
name: Dong, Xiao
name: Wang, Hui-Tian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The origin of water on the Earth is a long-standing mystery, requiring a comprehensive search for hydrous compounds, stable at conditions of the deep Earth and made of Earth-abundant elements. Previous studies usually focused on the current range of pressure-temperature conditions in the Earth's mantle and ignored a possible difference in the past, such as the stage of the core-mantle separation. Here, using ab initio evolutionary structure prediction, we find that only two magnesium hydrosilicate phases are stable at megabar pressures, $α$-Mg$_2$SiO$_5$H$_2$ and $β$-Mg$_2$SiO$_5$H$_2$, stable at 262-338 GPa and >338 GPa,respectively (all these pressures now lie within the Earth's iron core). Both are superionic conductors with quasi-one-dimensional proton diffusion at relevant conditions. In the first 30 million years of Earth's history, before the Earth's core was formed, these must have existed in the Earth, hosting much of Earth's water. As dense iron alloys segregated to form the Earth's core, Mg$_2$SiO$_5$H$_2$ phases decomposed and released water. Thus, now-extinct Mg$_2$SiO$_5$H$_2$ phases have likely contributed in a major way to the evolution of our planet.
Constraint methods for determining pathways and free energy of activated processes
Creators: name: Schlitter, Jürgen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Activated processes from chemical reactions up to conformational transitions of large biomolecules are hampered by barriers which are overcome only by the input of some free energy of activation. Hence, the characteristic and rate-determining barrier regions are not sufficiently sampled by usual simulation techniques. Constraints on a reaction coordinate r have turned out to be a suitable means to explore difficult pathways without changing potential function, energy or temperature. For a dense sequence of values of r, the corresponding sequence of simulations provides a pathway for the process. As only one coordinate among thousands is fixed during each simulation, the pathway essentially reflects the system's internal dynamics. From mean forces the free energy profile can be calculated to obtain reaction rates and insight in the reaction mechanism. In the last decade, theoretical tools and computing capacity have been developed to a degree where simulations give impressive qualitative insight in the processes at quantitative agreement with experiments. Here, we give an introduction to reaction pathways and coordinates, and develop the theory of free energy as the potential of mean force. We clarify the connection between mean force and constraint force which is the central quantity evaluated, and discuss the mass metric tensor correction. Well-behaved coordinates without tensor correction are considered. We discuss the theoretical background and practical implementation on the example of the reaction coordinate of targeted molecular dynamics simulation. Finally, we compare applications of constraint methods and other techniques developed for the same purpose, and discuss the limits of the approach.
The effects of nitrogen fertilizer rates and planting date on greenhouse gas emissions and potato production in Delta, British Columbia
Creators: name: Chizen, Chantel
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2020

description: Crop production is a known source of CO₂, N₂O, and CH₄ emissions, yet greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions data from crops in the Lower Fraser River Valley (LFRV) are limited. Potatoes are the most prominent cash crop in the LFRV and are often associated with excess nitrogen (N) fertilizer use, a primary source of N₂O emissions. Soils in this region have poor drainage, which is exacerbated by precipitation in the spring and fall. Consequentially, the variable soil workability impacts the timing of potato planting and harvest. The objective of this study was to assess how N fertilizer rates (0, 90, and 120 kg N ha⁻¹) and planting date (typical and late) influence GHG emissions, potato production, and soil properties. The field experiment was established in 2018 at two fields in Delta, British Columbia (BC); one was classified as productive and the other as unproductive. Yield increased with N fertilizer rate at the productive field, but a cost-benefit analysis showed that the increase in yield between the 90 and 120 kg N ha⁻¹ treatments did not significantly outweigh the additional fertilizer costs. The yield at the unproductive field did not respond to N fertilizer, likely due to pre-existing salinity and drainage issues. Planting date did not affect yield at either of the fields. Over the growing season (May to October), there were no differences in total GHG emissions with either N fertilizer rate or planting date. November sampling at the productive field, following a precipitation event, showed N₂O emissions increase with N fertilizer treatments. To supplement the field experiment, a soil incubation experiment was conducted to better understand the interactive effects of temperature (4ºC and 20ºC) and soil water content (20% and 40% volumetric water content) on GHG emissions and soil N dynamics in soils fertilized with inorganic N. Nitrous oxide emissions were near zero when temperature was 4ºC or volumetric water content was 20%. This study emphasizes the importance of reviewing N fertilizer management at fields with signs of soil degradation that will, most likely, respond differently to N fertilizers than productive fields.
title: Ð Ð°Ð·ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐºÐ° Ð¼Ð¾Ð´ÑÐ»Ñ Ð°Ð²ÑÐ¾Ð¼Ð°ÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ð¹ Ð³ÐµÐ½ÐµÑÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¸ Ð±Ð»Ð°Ð½ÐºÐ¾Ð² Ð¿ÐµÑÐµÐºÐ»ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ð¹ Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ Ð°Ð²ÑÐ¾Ð¼Ð°ÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ð¹ Ð»Ð¾ÐºÐ°Ð»Ð¸Ð·Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð¸ Ð¿Ð¾Ð²ÑÐµÐ¶Ð´ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ð¹ ÑÐ»ÐµÐºÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ð¹ ÑÐµÑÐ¸
title: Ð²ÑÐ¿ÑÑÐºÐ½Ð°Ñ ÐºÐ²Ð°Ð»Ð¸ÑÐ¸ÐºÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ° Ð±Ð°ÐºÐ°Ð»Ð°Ð²ÑÐ°
titleType: Subtitle
title: Development of the switching forms automatic generation module to the system of automatic energy system damage localization
Creators: name: Ð¡Ð°Ð²ÑÐµÐ½ÐºÐ¾, ÐÐ»ÑÐ³Ð°
Publisher: name: Ð¡Ð°Ð½ÐºÑ-ÐÐµÑÐµÑÐ±ÑÑÐ³ÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ ÑÐ½Ð¸Ð²ÐµÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑ ÐÐµÑÑÐ° ÐÐµÐ»Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾
Year: 2022
Subjects: ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐµÐ¼Ð° Ð°Ð²ÑÐ¾Ð¼Ð°ÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ð¹ Ð»Ð¾ÐºÐ°Ð»Ð¸Ð·Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð¸ Ð¿Ð¾Ð²ÑÐµÐ¶Ð´ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ð¹
ÑÐ½ÐµÑÐ³Ð¾ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐµÐ¼Ð°
Ð±Ð»Ð°Ð½Ðº Ð¿ÐµÑÐµÐºÐ»ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ð¹
ÐºÐ¾ÑÐ¾ÑÐºÐ¾Ðµ Ð·Ð°Ð¼ÑÐºÐ°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ
Ð°Ð»Ð³Ð¾ÑÐ¸ÑÐ¼ Ð¿Ð¾Ð¸ÑÐºÐ° Ð² Ð³Ð»ÑÐ±Ð¸Ð½Ñ
system of automatic damage localization
energy system
switching form
short circuit
java
spring framework
depth-first search

description: ÐÐ°Ð½Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ° Ð¿Ð¾ÑÐ²ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð° ÑÐ°Ð·ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐºÐµ Ð´Ð¾Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð½Ð¸ÑÐµÐ»ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¼Ð¾Ð´ÑÐ»Ñ Ðº ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐµÐ¼Ðµ Ð°Ð²ÑÐ¾Ð¼Ð°ÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ð¹ Ð»Ð¾ÐºÐ°Ð»Ð¸Ð·Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð¸ Ð¿Ð¾Ð²ÑÐµÐ¶Ð´ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ð¹ ÑÐ½ÐµÑÐ³Ð¾ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ. Ð ÑÐ¾Ð´Ðµ ÑÐ°Ð·ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐºÐ¸ Ð±ÑÐ»Ð¸ Ð¾Ð¿ÑÐµÐ´ÐµÐ»ÐµÐ½Ñ ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ðµ ÑÑÐµÐ±Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð¸ ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸Ð¸ ÑÐ°Ð·ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐºÐ¸, ÑÑÐ¾ÑÐ¼Ð¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ñ ÑÐµÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ Ð°ÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÐºÑÑÑÐµ ÐÐ Ð¸ Ð¼Ð¾Ð´ÐµÐ»Ð¸ Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð½ÑÑ, ÑÑÐ°Ð½Ð¸Ð¼ÑÑ Ð² ÐÐ, ÑÐ°Ð·ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ°Ð½ Ð°Ð»Ð³Ð¾ÑÐ¸ÑÐ¼ Ð³ÐµÐ½ÐµÑÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¸ ÑÑÐ»Ð¾Ð²Ð¸Ð¹ Ð¾Ð¿ÑÐµÐ´ÐµÐ»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¼ÐµÑÑÐ° Ð¿Ð¾Ð²ÑÐµÐ¶Ð´ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¸ ÑÐ¾Ð¾ÑÐ²ÐµÑÑÑÐ²ÑÑÑÐµÐ³Ð¾ Ð±Ð»Ð°Ð½ÐºÐ° Ð¿ÐµÑÐµÐºÐ»ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ð¹ Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÐ»ÐµÐ´ÑÑÑÐµÐ¹ Ð»Ð¾ÐºÐ°Ð»Ð¸Ð·Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð¸ Ð¿Ð¾Ð²ÑÐµÐ¶Ð´ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð¸Ð·Ð²Ð¾Ð»ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ ÑÐ»ÐµÐºÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ð¹ ÑÐµÑÐ¸. ÐÐ¾Ð´ÑÐ»Ñ ÑÐ²Ð»ÑÐµÑÑÑ Ð´Ð¾Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð½ÐµÐ½Ð¸ÐµÐ¼ Ðº ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐµÐ¼Ðµ Ð°Ð²ÑÐ¾Ð¼Ð°ÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ð¹ Ð»Ð¾ÐºÐ°Ð»Ð¸Ð·Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð¸ Ð¿Ð¾Ð²ÑÐµÐ¶Ð´ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ð¹ Ð² ÑÐ°ÑÑÐ¸ ÑÐ¿ÑÐ¾ÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ ÐµÐµ Ð½Ð°ÑÑÑÐ¾ÐµÐº Ð¸ ÐºÐ¾Ð½ÑÐ¸Ð³ÑÑÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¸.
description: The given work is devoted to developing an additional module to the system of automatic energy system damage localization. During the development, technical requirements and development technologies were determined, software architecture solutions and data models were formed, the algorithm, which generates conditions for damage location determining and corresponding switching form, was developed. The module is an addition to the automatic damage localization system in terms of simplifying its settings and configuration.
Extremal correlations of the tripartite no-signaling polytope
Creators: name: Pironio, Stefano
name: Bancal, Jean-Daniel
name: Scarani, Valerio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The no-signaling polytope associated to a Bell scenario with three parties, two inputs, and two outputs is found to have 53856 extremal points, belonging to 46 inequivalent classes. We provide a classification of these points according to various definitions of multipartite non-locality and briefly discuss other issues like the interconversion between extremal points seen as a resource and the relation of the extremal points to Bell-type inequalities.
description: The list of extremal points is available in electronic format at http://homepages.ulb.ac.be/~spironio/tripartite_boxes/
GSL FFT Algorithms
Creators: name: Gough, Brian
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1997
Subjects: Fast Fourier Transform, Numerical Computation, GNU scientific library, Technical document

description: Details of FFTs algorithms were used in GNU scientific library FFTs implementation. Written by Brian Gough in 1997. Original Tex file is distributed with whole library source code. See Savanah git repository of GSL
Deep infrared imaging of close companions to austral A- and F-type stars
Creators: name: Ehrenreich, David
name: Lagrange, Anne-Marie
name: Montagnier, Guillaume
name: Chauvin, Gaël
name: Galland, Franck
name: Beuzit, Jean-Luc
name: Rameau, Julien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The search for substellar companions around stars with different masses along the main sequence is critical to understand the different processes leading to the formation of low-mass stars, brown dwarfs, and planets. In particular, the existence of a large population of low-mass stars and brown dwarfs physically bound to early-type main-sequence stars could imply that the massive planets recently imaged at wide separations (10-100 AU) around A-type stars are disc-born objects in the low-mass tail of the binary distribution. Our aim is to characterize the environment of early-type main-sequence stars by detecting brown dwarf or low-mass star companions between 10 and 500 AU. High contrast and high angular resolution near-infrared images of a sample of 38 southern A- and F-type stars have been obtained between 2005 and 2009 with the instruments VLT/NaCo and CFHT/PUEO. Multi-epoch observations were performed to discriminate comoving companions from background contaminants. About 41 companion candidates were imaged around 23 stars. Follow-up observations for 83% of these stars allowed us to identify a large number of background contaminants. We report the detection of 7 low-mass stars with masses between 0.1 and 0.8 Msun in 6 multiple systems: the discovery of a M2 companion around the A5V star HD14943 and the detection of the B component of the F4V star HD41742 quadruple system; we resolve the known companion of the F6.5V star HD49095 as a short-period binary system composed by 2 M/L dwarfs. We also resolve the companions to the astrometric binaries iot Crt (F6.5V) and 26 Oph (F3V), and identify a M3/M4 companion to the F4V star omi Gru, associated with a X-ray source. The global multiplicity fraction measured in our sample of A and F stars is >16%. A parallel velocimetric survey of our stars let us conclude that the imaged companions can impact on the observed radial velocity measurements.
description: 21 pages, 12 figures, 7 tables. Accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics. The full version of the preprint including the appendices (24 pages of figures), can be retrieved at http://www-laog.obs.ujf-grenoble.fr/~dehrenre/articles/afsurvey/
Call-by-value, call-by-name and the vectorial behaviour of the algebraic λ-calculus
Creators: name: Assaf, Ali
name: Díaz-Caro, Alejandro
name: Perdrix, Simon
name: Tasson, Christine
name: Valiron, Benoî t
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We examine the relationship between the algebraic lambda-calculus, a fragment of the differential lambda-calculus and the linear-algebraic lambda-calculus, a candidate lambda-calculus for quantum computation. Both calculi are algebraic: each one is equipped with an additive and a scalar-multiplicative structure, and their set of terms is closed under linear combinations. However, the two languages were built using different approaches: the former is a call-by-name language whereas the latter is call-by-value; the former considers algebraic equalities whereas the latter approaches them through rewrite rules. In this paper, we analyse how these different approaches relate to one another. To this end, we propose four canonical languages based on each of the possible choices: call-by-name versus call-by-value, algebraic equality versus algebraic rewriting. We show that the various languages simulate one another. Due to subtle interaction between beta-reduction and algebraic rewriting, to make the languages consistent some additional hypotheses such as confluence or normalisation might be required. We carefully devise the required properties for each proof, making them general enough to be valid for any sub-language satisfying the corresponding properties.
Double Adjunctions and Free Monads
Creators: name: Fiore, Thomas M.
name: Gambino, Nicola
name: Kock, Joachim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 18D05 (Primary) 18C15, 18C20 (Secondary)

description: We characterize double adjunctions in terms of presheaves and universal squares, and then apply these characterizations to free monads and Eilenberg--Moore objects in double categories. We improve upon our earlier result in "Monads in Double Categories", JPAA 215:6, pages 1174-1197, 2011, to conclude: if a double category with cofolding admits the construction of free monads in its horizontal 2-category, then it also admits the construction of free monads as a double category. We also prove that a double category admits Eilenberg--Moore objects if and only if a certain parameterized presheaf is representable. Along the way, we develop parameterized presheaves on double categories and prove a double-categorical Yoneda Lemma.
description: 52 pages
Exact boundary controllability and exact boundary synchronization for a coupled system of wave equations with coupled Robin boundary controls
Creators: name: LI, Tatsien
name: Lu, Xing
name: Rao, Bopeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 93B05, 93B07, 93C20

description: In this paper, we consider the exact boundary controllability and the exact boundary synchronization (by groups) for a coupled system of wave equations with coupled Robin boundary controls. Owing to the difficulty coming from the lack of regularity of the solution, we confront a bigger challenge than that in the case with Dirichlet or Neumann boundary controls. In order to overcome this difficulty, we use the regularity results of solutions to the mixed problem with Neumann boundary conditions by Lasiecka and Triggiani to get the regularity of solutions to the mixed problem with coupled Robin boundary conditions. Thus we show the exact boundary controllability of the system, and by a method of compact perturbation, we obtain the non-exact boundary controllability of the system with fewer boundary controls on some special domains. Based on this, we further study the exact boundary synchronization (by groups) for the same system, the determination of the exactly synchronizable state (by groups), as well as the necessity of the compatibility conditions of the coupling matrices.