cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Scaling from species' traits to the maintenance of biodiversity in a changing world
Creators: name: Forbes, Coreen
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2023

description: Patterns of biodiversity and the processes generating them vary over scales of time, space, and ecological organization. This scale dependency is one of the foremost obstacles to understanding how biodiversity responds to global change. The problem of scale has inspired and shaped many theoretical frameworks in ecology, but despite many attempts to unify ecological understanding across scales, this goal remains elusive. It is becoming increasingly clear that a more unified view of ecology will require us to draw from multiple ecological theories. Attributes of organisms that determine their fitness, known as “species’ traits”, are a common feature of many scaling theories and may help to unify our understanding of ecology across scales. In this thesis, I drew from The Metabolic Theory of Ecology, Modern Coexistence Theory, and Metacommunity Theory to understand how processes that determine patterns of abundance and diversity relate to measurable species’ traits. I combined theory with experiments in which I manipulated temperature, a key factor in climate change, and distance between habitat patches, a key element of land use change and fragmentation. I conducted laboratory experiments in a pond zooplankton system to test how species’ traits determining thermal performance relate to how populations and communities respond to temperature. Contrary to theoretical predictions, I showed that temperature sensitivities increase with scale from individual-level metabolism to resource consumption to population growth. My results also reveal that an essential element that determines how strongly species compete, stabilizing niche differences, change with temperature altering competitive outcomes, and the maintenance of biodiversity. This is the first test of the temperature dependence of niche differences. Lastly, I conducted field experiments in an eelgrass community to test whether the movement of invertebrates at the regional scale affected their diversity at the local scale. I showed that invertebrate species richness decreases with increasing eelgrass patch isolation, but this was not explained by species’ traits. My thesis has revealed scale dependence in key processes that maintain biodiversity. These results can help us better predict how biodiversity will change under climate change and habitat loss.
Efficient sampling from the Bingham distribution
Creators: name: Ge, Rong
name: Lee, Holden
name: Lu, Jianfeng
name: Risteski, Andrej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We give a algorithm for exact sampling from the Bingham distribution $p(x)\propto \exp(x^\top A x)$ on the sphere $\mathcal S^{d-1}$ with expected runtime of $\operatorname{poly}(d, λ_{\max}(A)-λ_{\min}(A))$. The algorithm is based on rejection sampling, where the proposal distribution is a polynomial approximation of the pdf, and can be sampled from by explicitly evaluating integrals of polynomials over the sphere. Our algorithm gives exact samples, assuming exact computation of an inverse function of a polynomial. This is in contrast with Markov Chain Monte Carlo algorithms, which are not known to enjoy rapid mixing on this problem, and only give approximate samples.
 As a direct application, we use this to sample from the posterior distribution of a rank-1 matrix inference problem in polynomial time.
description: Corrected factor: $(1-x^2)^{(d-3)/2}$
Interactions and the Theta Term in One-Dimensional Gapped Systems
Creators: name: Mulligan, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study how the θ-term is affected by interactions in certain one-dimensional gapped systems that preserve charge-conjugation, parity, and time-reversal invariance. We exploit the relation between the chiral anomaly of a fermionic system and the classical shift symmetry of its bosonized dual. The vacuum expectation value of the dual boson is identified with the value of the θ-term for the corresponding fermionic system. Two (related) examples illustrate the identification. We first consider the massive Luttinger liquid and find the θ-term to be insensitive to the strength of the interaction. Next, we study the continuum limit of the Heisenberg XXZ spin-1/2 chain, perturbed by a second nearest-neighbor spin interaction. For a certain range of the XXZ anisotropy, we find that we can tune between two distinct sets of topological phases by varying the second nearest-neighbor coupling. In the first, we find the standard vacua at θ= 0, π, while the second contains vacua that spontaneously break charge-conjugation and parity with fractional θ/ π= 1/ 2, 3/2. We also study quantized pumping in both examples following recent work.
description: 17 pages, harvmac; v.2 typo corrected and slight re-wordings
Theory of Quantum Games and Quantum Economic Behavior
Creators: name: Ikeda, Kazuki
name: Aoki, Shoto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The quest of this work is to present discussions of some fundamental questions of economics in the era of quantum technology, which require a treatment different from economics studied thus far in the literature. A study of quantum economic behavior will become the center of attention of economists in the coming decades. We analyze a quantum economy in which players produce and consume quantum goods. They meet randomly and barter with neighbors bilaterally for quantum goods they produced. We clarify the conditions where certain quantum goods emerge endogenously as media of exchange, called quantum commodity money. As quantum strategies are entangled, we find distinctive aspects of quantum games that cannot be explained by conventional classical games. In some situations a quantum player can acquire a quantum good from people regardless of their strategies, while on the other hand people can find quantum strategies that improve their welfare based on an agreement. Those novel properties imply that quantum games also shed new light on theories of mechanism design, auction and contract in the quantum era.
description: 23 pages, 13 figures
Screening and metamodeling of computer experiments with functional outputs. Application to thermal-hydraulic computations
Creators: name: Auder, Benjamin
name: De Crecy, Agnes
name: Iooss, Bertrand
name: Marques, Michel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: To perform uncertainty, sensitivity or optimization analysis on scalar variables calculated by a cpu time expensive computer code, a widely accepted methodology consists in first identifying the most influential uncertain inputs (by screening techniques), and then in replacing the cpu time expensive model by a cpu inexpensive mathematical function, called a metamodel. This paper extends this methodology to the functional output case, for instance when the model output variables are curves. The screening approach is based on the analysis of variance and principal component analysis of output curves. The functional metamodeling consists in a curve classification step, a dimension reduction step, then a classical metamodeling step. An industrial nuclear reactor application (dealing with uncertainties in the pressurized thermal shock analysis) illustrates all these steps.
Capacity of Fading Gaussian Channel with an Energy Harvesting Sensor Node
Creators: name: Rajesh, R.
name: Sharma, Vinod
name: Viswanath, Pramod
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Network life time maximization is becoming an important design goal in wireless sensor networks. Energy harvesting has recently become a preferred choice for achieving this goal as it provides near perpetual operation. We study such a sensor node with an energy harvesting source and compare various architectures by which the harvested energy is used. We find its Shannon capacity when it is transmitting its observations over a fading AWGN channel with perfect/no channel state information provided at the transmitter. We obtain an achievable rate when there are inefficiencies in energy storage and the capacity when energy is spent in activities other than transmission.
description: 6 Pages, To be presented at IEEE GLOBECOM 2011
Steady Homogeneous Turbulence in the Presence of an Average Velocity Gradient
Creators: name: de Divitiis, Nicola
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the homogeneous turbulence in the presence of a constant average velocity gradient in an infinite fluid domain, with a novel finite-scale Lyapunov analysis, presented in a previous work dealing with the homogeneous isotropic turbulence. Here, the energy spectrum is studied introducing the spherical averaged pair correlation function, whereas the anisotropy caused by the velocity gradient is analyzed using the equation of the two points velocity distribution function which is determined through the Liouville theorem. As a result, we obtain the evolution equation of this velocity correlation function which is shown to be valid also when the fluid motion is referred with respect to a rotating reference frame. This equation tends to the classical von Kármán-Howarth equation when the average velocity gradient vanishes. We show that, the steady energy spectrum, instead of following the Kolmogorov law $κ^{-5/3}$, varies as $κ^{-2}$. Accordingly, the structure function of the longitudinal velocity difference $ \approx r^{ζ_n}$ exhibits the anomalous scaling $ζ_n \approx n/2$, and the integral scales of the correlation function are much smaller than those of the isotropic turbulence.
description: 33 pages, 10 figures; corrected typos; International Journal of Engineering Science. 2011
Clark Measures for Rational Inner Functions
Creators: name: Bickel, Kelly
name: Cima, Joseph A.
name: Sola, Alan A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 28A25, 28A35, Secondary 32A08, 47A55

description: We analyze the fine structure of Clark measures and Clark isometries associated with two-variable rational inner functions on the bidisk. In the degree (n,1) case, we give a complete description of supports and weights for both generic and exceptional Clark measures, characterize when the associated embedding operators are unitary, and give a formula for those embedding operators. We also highlight connections between our results and both the structure of Agler decompositions and study of extreme points for the set of positive pluriharmonic measures on 2-torus.
description: 32 pages
Additional file 2 of Cultural contexts during a pandemic: a qualitative description of cultural factors that shape protective behaviours in the Chinese-Canadian community
Creators: name: Lee, Charlotte T.
name: Kanji, Rahim
name: Wang, Angel H.
name: Mamuji, Aaida
name: Rozdilsky, Jack
name: Chu, Terri
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2. Interview Guide.
Variable-Length Sparse Feedback Codes for Point-to-Point, Multiple Access, and Random Access Channels
Creators: name: Yavas, Recep Can
name: Kostina, Victoria
name: Effros, Michelle
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: E.4
subject: 94A15

description: This paper investigates variable-length stop-feedback codes for memoryless channels in point-to-point, multiple access, and random access communication scenarios. The proposed codes employ $L$ decoding times $n_1, n_2, \dots, n_L$ for the point-to-point and multiple access channels and $KL + 1$ decoding times for the random access channel with at most $K$ active transmitters. In the point-to-point and multiple access channels, the decoder uses the observed channel outputs to decide whether to decode at each of the allowed decoding times $n_1, \dots, n_L$, at each time telling the encoder whether or not to stop transmitting using a single bit of feedback. In the random access scenario, the decoder estimates the number of active transmitters at time $n_0$ and then chooses among decoding times $n_{k, 1}, \dots, n_{k, L}$ if it believes that there are $k$ active transmitters. In all cases, the choice of allowed decoding times is part of the code design; given fixed value $L$, allowed decoding times are chosen to minimize the expected decoding time for a given codebook size and target average error probability. The number $L$ in each scenario is assumed to be constant even when the blocklength is allowed to grow; the resulting code therefore requires only sparse feedback. The central results are asymptotic approximations of achievable rates as a function of the error probability, the expected decoding time, and the number of decoding times. A converse for variable-length stop-feedback codes with uniformly-spaced decoding times is included for the point-to-point channel.
description: 29 Pages. Presented at ISIT 2021. Accepted for publication at IEEE Transactions on Information Theory Dec. 2023
Single electron quantum tomography in quantum Hall edge channels
Creators: name: Grenier, Charles
name: Hervé, Rémy
name: Bocquillon, Erwann
name: Parmentier, François D.
name: Plaçais, Bernard
name: Berroir, Jean-Marc
name: Fève, Gwendal
name: Degiovanni, Pascal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a quantum tomography protocol to measure single electron coherence in quantum Hall edge channels and therefore access for the first time the wave function of single electron excitations propagating in ballistic quantum conductors. Its implementation would open the way to quantitative studies of single electron decoherence and would provide a quantitative tool for analyzing single to few electron sources. We show how this protocol could be implemented using ultrahigh sensitivity noise measurement schemes.
description: Version 3: long version (7 figures): corrections performed and references have been added. Figures reprocessed for better readability
Local stochastic non-Gaussianity and N-body simulations
Creators: name: Smith, Kendrick M.
name: LoVerde, Marilena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Large-scale clustering of highly biased tracers of large-scale structure has emerged as one of the best observational probes of primordial non-Gaussianity of the local type (i.e. f_{NL}^{local}). This type of non-Gaussianity can be generated in multifield models of inflation such as the curvaton model. Recently, Tseliakhovich, Hirata, and Slosar showed that the clustering statistics depend qualitatively on the ratio of inflaton to curvaton power ξafter reheating, a free parameter of the model. If ξis significantly different from zero, so that the inflaton makes a non-negligible contribution to the primordial adiabatic curvature, then the peak-background split ansatz predicts that the halo bias will be stochastic on large scales. In this paper, we test this prediction in N-body simulations. We find that large-scale stochasticity is generated, in qualitative agreement with the prediction, but that the level of stochasticity is overpredicted by ~30%. Other predictions, such as ξindependence of the halo bias, are confirmed by the simulations. Surprisingly, even in the Gaussian case we do not find that halo model predictions for stochasticity agree consistently with simulations, suggesting that semi-analytic modeling of stochasticity is generally more difficult than modeling halo bias.
description: v3: minor changes matching published version
Additional file 1 of G-quadruplexes sense natural porphyrin metabolites for regulation of gene transcription and chromatin landscapes
Creators: name: Li, Conghui
name: Yin, Zhinang
name: Xiao, Ruijing
name: Huang, Beili
name: Cui, Yali
name: Wang, Honghong
name: Xiang, Ying
name: Wang, Lingrui
name: Lei, Lingyu
name: Ye, Jiaqin
name: Li, Tianyu
name: Zhong, Youquan
name: Guo, Fangteng
name: Xia, Yuchen
name: Fang, Pingping
name: Liang, Kaiwei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Bio-layer interferometry analysis of hemin with oligonucleotides. Figure S2. Genome-wide profiling of hemin binding sites in HeLa cells using biotin-PEG4-hemin and capture sequencing. Figure S3. Effects of hemin on G-quadruplexes and R-loops at hemin binding sites. Figure S4. Decreased enhancer activation at hemin-bound enhancers. Figure S5. Effects of hemin on gene expression in mouse primary hepatocytes.
Stability of networks of delay-coupled delay oscillators
Creators: name: Höfener, Johannes M.
name: Sethia, Gautam C.
name: Gross, Thilo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Dynamical networks with time delays can pose a considerable challenge for mathematical analysis. Here, we extend the approach of generalized modeling to investigate the stability of large networks of delay-coupled delay oscillators. When the local dynamical stability of the network is plotted as a function of the two delays then a pattern of tongues is revealed. Exploiting a link between structure and dynamics, we identify conditions under which perturbations of the topology have a strong impact on the stability. If these critical regions are avoided the local stability of large random networks can be well approximated analytically.
$L^{p}$-estimate of Schrödinger maximal function in higher dimensions
Creators: name: Cao, Zhenbin
name: Miao, Changxing
name: Wang, Meng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Almost everywhere convergence on the solution of Schrödinger equation is an important problem raised by Carleson in harmonic analysis. In recent years, this problem was essentially solved by building the sharp $L^p$-estimate of Schrödinger maximal function. Du-Guth-Li in \cite{DGL} proved the sharp $L^p$-estimates for all $p \geq 2$ in $\mathbb{R}^{2+1}$. Du-Zhang in \cite{DZ} proved the sharp $L^2$-estimate in $\mathbb{R}^{n+1}$ with $n \geq 3$, but for $p>2$ the sharp $L^p$-estimate of Schrödinger maximal function is still unknown. In this paper, we obtain partial results on this problem by using polynomial partitioning.
description: 26 pages, In this version, we made an appropriate modification to Theorem 1.1
Centre symmetric 3d effective actions for thermal SU(N) Yang-Mills from strong coupling series
Creators: name: Langelage, Jens
name: Lottini, Stefano
name: Philipsen, Owe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive three-dimensional, Z(N)-symmetric effective actions in terms of Polyakov loops by means of strong coupling expansions, starting from thermal SU(N) Yang-Mills theory in four dimensions on the lattice. An earlier action in the literature, corresponding to the (spatial) strong coupling limit, is thus extended by several higher orders, as well as by additional interaction terms. We provide analytic mappings between the couplings of the effective theory and the parameters $N_τ,β$ of the original thermal lattice theory, which can be systematically improved. We then investigate the deconfinement transition for the cases SU(2) and SU(3) by means of Monte Carlo simulations of the effective theory. Our effective models correctly reproduce second order 3d Ising and first order phase transitions, respectively. Furthermore, we calculate the critical couplings $β_c(N_τ)$ and find agreement with results from simulations of the 4d theory at the few percent level for $N_τ=4-16$.
description: 27 pages, 21 figures; final version published in JHEP; attached the corresponding Erratum (ref. JHEP 1107:014,2011, DOI 10.1007/JHEP07(2011)014) for ease of consultation
Additional file 1 of Contribution of clinical breast exam to cancer detection in women participating in a modern screening program
Creators: name: Menes, Tehillah S.
name: Coster, Dan
name: Coster, Daniel
name: Shenhar-Tsarfaty, Shani
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Appendix 1 - Dictionary of words used to identify abnormal symptoms, non-specific symptoms and abnormal CBE and mammogram.
Machine Learning Approaches to Learn HyChem Models
Creators: name: Ji, Weiqi
name: Zanders, Julian
name: Park, Ji-Woong
name: Deng, Sili
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The HyChem approach has recently been proposed for modeling high-temperature combustion of real, multi-component fuels. The approach combines lumped reaction steps for fuel thermal and oxidative pyrolysis with detailed chemistry for the oxidation of the resulting pyrolysis products. However, the approach usually shows substantial discrepancies with experimental data within the Negative Temperature Coefficient (NTC) regime, as the low-temperature chemistry is more fuel-specific than high-temperature chemistry. This paper proposes a machine learning approach to learn the HyChem models that can cover both high-temperature and low-temperature regimes. Specifically, we develop a HyChem model using the experimental datasets of ignition delay times covering a wide range of temperatures and equivalence ratios. The chemical kinetic model is treated as a neural network model, and we then employ stochastic gradient descent (SGD), a technique that was developed for deep learning, for the training. We demonstrate the approach in learning the HyChem model for F-24, which is a Jet-A derived fuel, and compare the results with previous work employing genetic algorithms. The results show that the SGD approach can achieve comparable model performance with genetic algorithms but the computational cost is reduced by 1000 times. In addition, with regularization in SGD, the SGD approach changes the kinetic parameters from their original values much less than genetic algorithm and is thus more likely to retrain mechanistic meanings. Finally, our approach is built upon open-source packages and can be applied to the development and optimization of chemical kinetic models for internal combustion engine simulations.
Towards variability-aware frequency scaling on heterogeneous edge platforms
Creators: name: Abdelhafez, Hazem A.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2023

description: Recent Edge applications (e.g., machine learning inference) are becoming more sophisticated and computationally demanding. To meet their Quality of Service (QoS) objectives, today’s heterogeneous Edge platforms (e.g., NVIDIA Jetson platform) incorporate several architectural innovations. One that stands out is the wide frequency configuration space (more than a dozen frequency levels per processing unit spanning a 10x max-min ratio). We postulate that this can be harnessed to better navigate the trade-off space between performance and power consumption. This dissertation makes progress towards harnessing frequency scaling on Edge platforms. We start by exploring the potential gains from frequency scaling on the NVIDIA Jetson platform. To this end, we develop an empirical methodology to characterize the performance and power consumption behavior of the Jetson platform under different frequency configurations. Our characterization indicates that indeed there is an opportunity to improve performance and/or energy-efficiency with careful frequency configuration selection. However, one challenge is to estimate the impact of the frequency configuration choice on performance and power consumption of the workload. To overcome this challenge, we employ machine learning techniques to build performance and power consumption models for the target workload. While developing these models, we find that the quality of their predictions depends on where the models are deployed (even if they are deployed on identical devices with identical software stacks). This leads us to postulate that variability in performance and power consumption among nominally identical Edge platforms exists and is sizeable. To investigate this hypothesis, we develop statistical tools that allow developers to detect, quantify, categorize, and compare variability. Then we present a set of actions one can take to mitigate the impact of variability. We evaluate all the techniques and approaches on two clusters of popular Edge platforms - the Jetson AGX and Nano. Finally, we focus on developing variability-aware performance and power consumption models. We show that not accounting for variability can severely impact the quality of predictions. The evaluation of the models shows that accounting for inter-node variability improves the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) by 9.5% and 31.9% for runtime and power models respectively.
Where are the Fossils of the First Galaxies? I. Local Volume Maps and Properties of the Undetected Dwarfs
Creators: name: Bovill, Mia S.
name: Ricotti, Massimo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new method for generating initial conditions for LCDM N-body simulations which provides the dynamical range necessary to follow the evolution and distribution of the fossils of the first galaxies on Local Volume, 5-10 Mpc, scales. The initial distribution of particles represents the position, velocity and mass distribution of the dark and luminous halos extracted from pre-reionization simulations. We confirm previous results that ultra-faint dwarfs have properties compatible with being well preserved fossils of the first galaxies. However, because the brightest pre-reionization dwarfs form preferentially in biased regions, they most likely merge into non-fossil halos with circular velocities >20-30 km/s. Hence, we find that the maximum luminosity of true-fossils in the Milky Way is L_V<10^5 L_solar, casting doubts on the interpretation that some classical dSphs are true-fossils. In addition, we argue that most ultra-faints at small galactocentric distance, R<50 kpc, had their stellar properties modified by tides, while a large population of fossils is still undetected due to their extremely low surface brightness log(Sigma_V) < -1.4. We estimate that the region outside R_50 (~ 400 kpc) up to 1 Mpc from the Milky Way contains about a hundred true fossils of the first galaxies with V-band luminosities 10^3 - 10^5 L_solar and half-light radii, r_hl ~ 100-1000 pc.
description: published in ApJ October 2011 with minor revisions V. 741 article ID. 18
Additional file 1 of Clinical and event-based outcomes of patients with mucopolysaccharidosis VI receiving enzyme replacement therapy in Turkey: a case series
Creators: name: İnci, Aslı
name: Okur, İlyas
name: Tümer, Leyla
name: Biberoğlu, Gürsel
name: Öktem, Murat
name: Ezgü, Fatih
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1. S1. Urinary glycosaminoglycan (uGAG) levels over time. S2. Height and mucopolysaccharidosis VI-specific height percentile (based on Quartel et al., 2015 [1]) before treatment initiation and follow-up (boys and girls). S3. Cardiac echocardiography findings at initiation of enzyme replacement therapy (baseline) and at last follow-up. S4. Cranial and spinal magnetic resonance (MRI) outcomes at initiation of enzyme replacement therapy at baseline (BL) and follow-up (FU). S5. Urinary incontinence at initiation of enzyme replacement therapy (baseline) and at last follow-up. S6. Cumulative number of events by age before and after initiation of ERT. Individual patient data. S7. Summary of even-based outcomes.
The Dirichlet problem for possibly singular elliptic equations with degenerate coercivity
Creators: name: Durastanti, Riccardo
name: Oliva, Francescantonio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We deal with existence, uniqueness and regularity of nonnegative solutions to a Dirichlet problem for equations as \begin{equation*} \displaystyle -\operatorname{div}\left(\frac{|\nabla u|^{p-2}\nabla u}{(1+u)^{θ(p-1)}}\right) = h(u)f \quad \text{in }Ω, \end{equation*} where $Ω$ is an open bounded subset of $\mathbb{R}^N$ ($N\ge 2$), $p>1$, $θ\ge 0$, $f\geq 0$ belongs to a suitable Lebesgue space and $h$ is a continuous, nonnegative function which may blow up at zero and it is bounded at infinity.
description: 37 pages
Additional file 2 of G-quadruplexes sense natural porphyrin metabolites for regulation of gene transcription and chromatin landscapes
Creators: name: Li, Conghui
name: Yin, Zhinang
name: Xiao, Ruijing
name: Huang, Beili
name: Cui, Yali
name: Wang, Honghong
name: Xiang, Ying
name: Wang, Lingrui
name: Lei, Lingyu
name: Ye, Jiaqin
name: Li, Tianyu
name: Zhong, Youquan
name: Guo, Fangteng
name: Xia, Yuchen
name: Fang, Pingping
name: Liang, Kaiwei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2: Uncropped blot images.
Infinite-color randomly reinforced urns with dominant colors
Creators: name: Sariev, Hristo
name: Fortini, Sandra
name: Petrone, Sonia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60F15, 60B10, 60F05, 60G57

description: We define and prove limit results for a class of dominant Pólya sequences, which are randomly reinforced urn processes with color-specific random weights and unbounded number of possible colors. Under fairly mild assumptions on the expected reinforcement, we show that the predictive and the empirical distributions converge almost surely (a.s.) in total variation to the same random probability measure $\tilde{P}$; moreover, $\tilde{P}(\mathcal{D})=1$ a.s., where $\mathcal{D}$ denotes the set of dominant colors for which the expected reinforcement is maximum. In the general case, the predictive probabilities and the empirical frequencies of any $δ$-neighborhood of $\mathcal{D}$ converge a.s. to one. That is, although non-dominant colors continue to be regularly observed, their distance to $\mathcal{D}$ converges in probability to zero. We refine the above results with rates of convergence. We further hint potential applications of dominant Pólya sequences in randomized clinical trials and species sampling, and use our central limit results for Bayesian inference.
Where are the Fossils of the First Galaxies? II. True Fossils, Ghost Halos, and the Missing Bright Satellites
Creators: name: Bovill, Mia S.
name: Ricotti, Massimo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use a new set of cold dark matter simulations of the local universe to investigate the distribution of fossils of primordial dwarf galaxies within, and around the Milky Way. Throughout, we build upon previous results showing agreement between the observed stellar properties of a subset of the ultra-faint dwarfs and our simulated fossils. Here, we show that fossils of the first galaxies have galactocentric distributions and cumulative luminosity functions consistent with observations. In our model there are ~ 300 luminous satellites orbiting the Milky Way, ~50-70% of which are well preserved fossils, with this fraction decreasing with galactocentric distance. Within the Milky Way virial radius, the majority of these fossils have luminosities L_V<10^5 L_solar. This work produces an overabundance of bright dwarf satellites (L_V > 10^4 L_solar) with respect to observations where observations are nearly complete. The "bright satellite problem" is most evident in the outer parts of the Milky Way. We estimate that, although relatively bright, the primordial stellar populations are very diffuse, producing a population with surface brightnesses below surveys` detection limits and are easily stripped by tidal forces. Although we cannot yet present unmistakable evidence for the existence of the fossils of first galaxies in the Local Group, the results of our studies suggest observational strategies that may demonstrate their existence. Primarily, the detection of "ghost halos" of primordial stars around isolated dwarfs would prove that stars formed in minihalos (M<10^8 M_solar) before reionization, and strongly suggest that at least a fraction of the ultra-faint dwarfs are fossils of the first galaxies.
description: publishing in ApJ with minor revisions in October 2011 V. 741 article ID. 17
Reden gehalten bei der Beerdigung von Isaak Haffner, Ritter der Ehrenlegion, Doctor und Professor der Theologie, Dekan der strassburgischen theologischen Fakultät, ersten kirchlichen Inspektor, Mitglied des Directoriums des General-Consistoriums, Prediger an der Kirche zu St. Nikolai, den 29ten Mai 1831
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Druck von Friedrich Carl Heitz
Year: 1831
Subjects: subject: 920 Biografien, Genealogie, Insignien
subject: Nachruf
subject: Haffner, Isaak

description: Enthält: Rede gesprochen im Hörsaale des prot. Seminariums von D. Franz Heinrich Redslob, Professor am protestantischen Seminär, und an der theologischen Fakultät, Prediger an der Neuen-Kirche, Präsident des Consistoriums und kirchlichem Inspector; Rede gesprochen in der Kirche St. Nikolai, von Ch. Schuler, Pfarrer an dieser Kirche; Rede gesprochen am Grabe von D. J. Fr. Brutz, Professor der Theologie, Director des prot. Gymnasiums; Discours prononcé sur la tombe, par Édouard Reuss, licencié en théologie; Rede am Grabe gesprochen von Friedrich Theodor Horning
Additional file 1 of The impact of multimorbidity level and functional limitations on the accuracy of using self-reported survey data compared to administrative data to measure general practitioner and specialist visits in community-living adults
Creators: name: Griffith, Lauren E.
name: Gruneir, Andrea
name: Fisher, Kathryn A.
name: Aljied, Rumaisa
name: Perez, Richard
name: Nguyen, Francis
name: Patterson, Christopher
name: Markle-Reid, Maureen
name: Ploeg, Jenny
name: Upshur, Ross
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases

description: Additional file 1: Supplemental Fig. 1. Study cohort creation including Ontario participants of the Canadian Community Health Survey cycles 3–5 who consented to administrative data linkage; CCHS, Canadian Community Health Survey, CC, chronic conditions
1-convex extensions of incomplete cooperative games and the average value
Creators: name: Bok, Jan
name: Černý, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The model of incomplete cooperative games incorporates uncertainty into the classical model of cooperative games by considering a partial characteristic function. Thus the values for some of the coalitions are not known. The main focus of this paper is the class of 1-convex cooperative games under this framework.
 We are interested in two heavily intertwined questions. First, given an incomplete game, in which ways can we fill in the missing values to obtain a classical 1-convex game? Such complete games are called \emph{1-convex extensions}. For the class of minimal incomplete games (in which precisely the values of singletons and grand coalitions are known), we provide an answer in terms of a description of the set of 1-convex extensions. The description employs extreme points and extreme rays of the set.
 Second, how to determine in a rational, fair, and efficient way the payoffs of players based only on the known values of coalitions? Based on the description of the set of 1-convex extensions, we introduce generalisations of three solution concepts (values) for complete games, namely the $τ$-value, the Shapley value and the nucleolus. We consider two variants where we compute the centre of gravity of either extreme games or of a combination of extreme games and extreme rays. We show that all of the generalised values coincide for minimal incomplete games which allows to introduce the \emph{average value}. For this value, we provide three different axiomatisations based on axiomatic characterisations of the $τ$-value and the Shapley value for classical cooperative games.
 Finally, we turn our attention to \emph{incomplete games with defined upper vector}, asking the same questions and this time arriving to different conclusions. This provides a benchmark to test our tools and knowledge of the average value.
description: overall improvements, 34 pages
Additional file 3 of G-quadruplexes sense natural porphyrin metabolites for regulation of gene transcription and chromatin landscapes
Creators: name: Li, Conghui
name: Yin, Zhinang
name: Xiao, Ruijing
name: Huang, Beili
name: Cui, Yali
name: Wang, Honghong
name: Xiang, Ying
name: Wang, Lingrui
name: Lei, Lingyu
name: Ye, Jiaqin
name: Li, Tianyu
name: Zhong, Youquan
name: Guo, Fangteng
name: Xia, Yuchen
name: Fang, Pingping
name: Liang, Kaiwei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 3: Review history.
Ternary complex formation of the nickel(II), 2,2’-bipyridine, 1,10’-Phenanthroline and some aminoacids
Creators: name: Jara, Yoselin
name: Araujo, Mary Lorena
name: Madden, Waleska
name: Lubes, Vito
name: Hernández, Lino
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: In this work we report the results of a speciation study on the ternary complexes present in the ternary Ni(II)- 1,10 phenanthroline (Phen)-amino acids and Ni(II)- 2,2-bipyridine (Bipy)-amino acids, with amino acids = aspartic acid (H2Asp), glutamic acid (H2Glu), histidine (H2His) and cysteine (H2Cys). The analysis involved the use of potentiometric data in 1 M NaCl aqueous solution at 25°C and a least-squares method (LETAGROP). The relative stability of the ternary complexes were compared with the corresponding binary complexes. The concentration distribution of various species formed in aqueous solution were evaluated as a function of pH. The binary complexes in the Ni(II) – Phe and Ni(II) – Bipy systems in 1 M NaCl aqueous solution at 25°C were also studied.
The trunks of CLE(4) explorations
Creators: name: Lehmkuehler, Matthis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60J67 (Primary) 60J55, 60G51, 60H10 (Secondary)

description: A natural class of conformally invariant ways for discovering the loops of a conformal loop ensemble $\text{CLE}_4$ is given by a certain family of $\text{SLE}_4^{\langleμ\rangle}(-2)$ exploration processes for real $μ$. Such an exploration consists of one simple continuous path called the trunk of the exploration that discovers $\text{CLE}_4$ loops along the way. The parameter $μ$ appears in the Loewner chain description of the path that traces the trunk and all CLE loops encountered by the trunk in chronological order. These explorations can also be interpreted in terms of level lines of a Gaussian free field. It has been shown by Miller, Sheffield and Werner that the trunk of such an exploration is an $\text{SLE}_4(ρ,-2-ρ)$ process for some (unknown) value of $ρ\in (-2, 0)$. The main result of the present paper is to establish the relation between $μ$ and $ρ$, more specifically to show that $μ= -π\cot(πρ/2)$. The crux of the paper is to show how explorations of $\text{CLE}_4$ can be approximated by explorations of $\text{CLE}_κ$ for $κ\uparrow 4$, which then makes it possible to use recent results by Miller, Sheffield and Werner about the trunks of $\text{CLE}_κ$ explorations for $κ< 4$.
description: 29 pages, 3 figures
Inner core static tilt inferred from intradecadal oscillation in the Earth's rotation
Creators: name: An, Yachong
name: Ding, Hao
name: Chen, Zhifeng
name: Shen, Wenbin
name: Jiang, Weiping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The geodynamic state of the inner core remains an enigma, encompassing the presence of a static tilt between the inner core and mantle. Following the experimental confirmation of an ~8.5yr signal in polar motion as the inner core wobble (ICW), a normal mode of the inner core, we report that the ~8.5yr oscillation contained in the length-of-day variations in the Earth's rotation has good phase consistency with it. Our analysis demonstrated a 0.17° static tilt of the inner core (more likely towards ~90°W) relative to the mantle, which is two orders of magnitude lower than the 10° assumed in certain geodynamic researches. This tilt is consistent with the assumption that the average density in the northwestern hemisphere of the inner core should be greater than that in the other regions. Besides, the observed ICW period (8.5yr) suggests a 0.52g/cm3 density jump at the inner core boundary.
description: 31 pages, 7 figures
Stability over cDV singularities and other complete local rings
Creators: name: van Garderen, Okke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 16G30 (Primary), 14B05 (Secondary)

description: We characterise subcategories of semistable modules for noncommutative minimal models of compound Du Val singularities, including the non-isolated case. We find that the stability is controlled by an infinite polyhedral fan that stems from silting theory, and which can be computed from the Dynkin diagram combinatorics of the minimal models found in the work of Iyama--Wemyss. In the isolated case, we moreover find an explicit description of the deformation theory of the stable modules in terms of factors of the endomorphism algebras of 2-term tilting complexes. To obtain these results we generalise a correspondence between 2-term silting theory and stability, which is known to hold for finite dimensional algebras, to the much broader setting of algebras over a complete local Noetherian base ring.
description: 23 pages, 6 figures, several lemmas concerning the silting fan in section 2 have been clarified, Proposition 3.4 has been strengthened, and many typos have been corrected
Stability constants and thermodynamic behaviour of the complex formation of two crown ethers with zinc (II) and copper (II) ions in water + acetonitrile mixed solvent: a conductivity measurement study
Creators: name: Hossain, Md. Alamgir
name: Hossen, Md. Delwar
name: Mahbub, Shamim
name: Hoque, Md. Anamul
name: Islam, D.M. Shafiqul
name: Kumar, Dileep
name: Khan, Javed Masood
name: Irfan, Mohammad
name: Ahmed, Mohammad Z
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology

description: We have investigated the behaviour of change of molar conductivity of mixtures of two crown ethers (CE) (18-Crown-6; 18C6 and 24-Crown-8; 24C8) and metal ions (Mn+) (Zn2+ and Cu2+) and the complexation between CE and Mn+ in water + acetonitrile binary solvent system (20, 40, 60 and 80%; v/v) at 298.15 K to 328.15 K by conductometric technique. Kf values for all complexes were found to be decreased with enhancement of temperature. Complexes associated with Zn2+ exhibit a trend of Kf: 24C8 + Zn2+ > 18C6 + Zn2+ in 20% solvent composition (water-acetonitrile) and order of 18C6 + Zn2+ > 24C8 + Zn2+ was found for 80% solvent composition. However, logarithm values of Kf for the Cu2+ complexes were found to obey the order of 24C8 > 18C6 almost for all compositions except with a few exceptions. ΔGo was found to be negative indicating spontaneous complexation between CE and Mn+.
Non-classical correlation of cascaded photon pairs emitted from quantum dot
Creators: name: Zou, Yang
name: Li, Chuan-Feng
name: Xu, Jin-Shi
name: Ge, Rong-Chun
name: Guo, Guang-Can
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We studied the quantum correlation between the photon pairs generated by biexciton cascade decays of self-assembled quantum dots, and determined the temperature behavior associated with so-called sudden change of the quantum correlation. The relationship between the fine structure splitting and the sudden change temperature is also provided. Our study indicates that this correlation behavior sudden change temperature is independent on the back ground noise in the system and far lower than entanglement sudden death temperature, therefore it should be easier to observe the phenomenon of correlation sudden change in experiments than to observe entanglement sudden death.