Uvariodendron connivens R. E. Fr., Acta Horti Berg. 10: 55 1930
Creators: name: Couvreur, Thomas L. P.
name: Dagallier, Leo-Paul M. J.
name: Crozier, Francoise
name: Ghogue, Jean-Paul
name: Hoekstra, Paul H.
name: Kamdem, Narcisse G.
name: Johnson, David M.
name: Murray, Nancy A.
name: Sonke, Bonaventure
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Magnoliales
Annonaceae
Uvariodendron
Uvariodendron connivens

description: Uvariodendron connivens (Benth.) R.E.Fr., Acta Horti Berg. 10: 55, 1930 Figs 120, 121; Map 15D ≡ Uvaria connivens Benth., Trans. Linn. Soc. London 23(3): 465, 1862. = Uvaria megalantha Diels, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 39: 472, 1907. Type. Cameroon. South Region, Bipindi, Zenker G.A. 3204, 1904: lectotype, here designated: WAG[WAG0057972]; isolectotypes: BM[BM000636652]; GEOT[GOET005733]; K[K000198800]; M[M0107939]; P[P01982908]; S[S07-13392]. Type. Equatorial Guinea. Bioko Norte; Bioko (Fernando Po), <i>Mann G. 1159</i>, 1861: lectotype, here designated: K[K000198803]; isolectotypes: K[K000198804, K000198805]; P[P00362655]. Description. Tree, 3-20 m tall, d.b.h. 2-25 cm; stilt roots or buttresses absent. Indumentum of simple hairs; old leafless branches glabrous, young foliate branches glabrous. Leaves: petiole 4.5-21 mm long, 2-6 mm in diameter, glabrous, grooved, blade inserted on top of the petiole; <b>blade 25.4-63.6 cm long</b>, 7-17.7 cm wide, <b>narrowly elliptic to narrowly oblong</b>, apex acuminate, acumen 0.7-2.4 cm long, <b>base rounded</b> (sometimes acute, truncate or subcordate), subcoriaceous, below glabrous when young and old, above glabrous when young and old; midrib sunken or flat, above glabrous when young and old, below glabrous when young and old; secondary veins 15 to 29 pairs, glabrous above; tertiary venation reticulate. Individuals bisexual; inflorescences cauliflorous or ramiflorous on old or young foliate branches, axillary. Flowers with 9 perianth parts in 3 whorls, 1 per inflorescence; <b>pedicel 5-40 mm long</b>, 1.4-4 mm in diameter, glabrous to pubescent; in fruit 13-31 mm long, 3-8 mm in diameter, glabrous; bracts 2 to 5, several basal and one upper towards the upper half of pedicel, basal bracts 2-3 mm long, 1-3 mm wide; upper bract 4-13 mm long, 6-14 mm wide; sepals 3, basally fused, <b>valvate or slightly imbricate</b>, 5-14 mm long, 7-17 mm wide, ovate, apex acuminate, base truncate, green, glabrous outside, pubescent and glabrous towards center inside, margins flat; petals free, sub equal; outer petals 3, 11-32 mm long, 4-26 mm wide, ovate, apex acuminate, base truncate, <b>purple to wine red</b>, margins flat, glabrous outside, glabrous or pubescent towards the margins inside; inner petals 3, valvate, 9.5-30 mm long, 8-20 mm wide, ovate, apex acuminate, base truncate, <b>purple to wine red</b>, margins flat, glabrous outside, glabrous to pubescent with glabrous base inside; stamens 1908 to 2456, in 15 to 25 rows, 2-5 mm long, linear; connective discoid, glabrous, cream; staminodes absent; carpels free, 6 to 20, ovary 3-7 mm long, stigma bilobed, slightly capitate, densely pubescent. Monocarps sessile to stipitate, stipes 0-8 mm long, 3-10 mm in diameter; monocarps 1 to 10, 22-55 mm long, 17-32 mm in diameter, ellipsoid to globose, apex rounded, glabrous, smooth, dumpy; seeds 8 to 23 per monocarp, 13-29 mm long, 3-14 mm in diameter, ellipsoid to oblong; aril absent. Distribution. A widespread species with a disjunct distribution in West and Central Africa, from Côte d’Ivoire to Ghana, and from Nigeria to Gabon. In Cameroon known from the Littoral, South, and South-West regions. Habitat. A common species when present; in lowland and premontane primary and old secondary rain forests, can be found in swamp forests. Altitude 50-1000 m a.sl. Local and common names known in Cameroon. Ikeinju (Bakweri language, <i>Mbani 14</i>). IUCN conservation status. Near Threatened (NT) (Tchouto 1998). This old assessment is certainly wrong, as <i>U. connivens</i> is quite common across Cameroon, and in general across the region. Uses in Cameroon. None reported. Notes. <i>Uvariodendron connivens</i> can be distinguished by its long (&gt; 55 cm) narrowly elliptic or narrowly oblong leaves, with a rounded base. When compared to other species with long leaves such as <i>U. fuscum</i> and <i>U. calophyllum</i>, it can be distinguished by its longer flower pedicel 6-40 mm long and slightly imbricate sepals. The mature petals are wine red in color, unique for Cameroonian <i>Uvariodendron</i>. Stamen count was taken from Meinke (2008). Specimens examined. <b>South Region</b>: ca 6 km S of Kribi 2-4 km E of Gr Batanga, 2.88°N, 9.916°E, <i>26 September 1969</i>, <i>Bos J.J.</i> 5412 (P,WAG); Campo Ma an National Park 5 km after main entrance, 2.35°N, 10.25°E, <i>15 February 2012</i>, <i>Couvreur T.L.P.</i> 383 (WAG,YA); 29 km east from Lélé village, 2.27°N, 13.29°E, <i>09 September 2013</i>, <i>Couvreur T.L.P.</i> 484 (WAG,YA); Bipindi, 3.08°N, 10.42°E, <i>01 January 1903</i>, <i>Zenker G.A.</i> 2624 (B,K,L,M,P,WAG); Bipindi, 3.08°N, 10.42°E, <i>01 January 1904</i>, <i>Zenker G.A.</i> 3204 (K,L,M,MO,P,P); Mimfia, 3.06°N, 10.38°E, <i>01 September 1913</i>, <i>Zenker G.A.</i> 358 (M,P,U,WAG). <b>South-West Region</b>: Mabeta 6 km SE Limbe SBL, 3.98°N, 9.283°E, <i>10 August 1993</i>, <i>Baker W.J.</i> 294 (K,YA); Ekundu Kundu, 5.12°N, 8.895°E, <i>27 April 1996</i>, <i>Cable S.</i> 2230 (K,YA); Dikulu, 3.98°N, 9.233°E, <i>17 December 1993</i>, <i>Cable S.</i> 611 (K,YA); Liwenyi, 4.37°N, 9.013°E, <i>28 October 1993</i>, <i>Cheek M.</i> 5180 (K,YA); ca 40 minutes walk N then E from Njonji Hunters path to Lake Njonji, 4.13°N, 8.993°E, <i>18 November 1993</i>, <i>Cheek M.</i> 5462 (K,YA); Ekundu Kundu, 5.13°N, 8.869°E, <i>25 April 1996</i>, <i>Cheek M.</i> 8164 (K,YA); Mount Cameroon National Park on the Bomona trail behind Bomona village 10 km NW from Idenau, 4.29°N, 9.078°E, <i>03 April 2016</i>, <i>Couvreur T.L.P.</i> 1051 (WAG,YA); Mokoko Forest Reserve Boa / Likinge, 4.42°N, 8.972°E, <i>31 May 1994</i>, <i>Ekema S.N.</i> 1078 (K,YA); Bakolle Bakossi on Kumba-Mamfe road, 5.01°N, 9.666°E, <i>24 May 1986</i>, <i>Etuge M.</i> 156 (K,MO,WAG,YA); Nyasoso, 4.81°N, 9.683°E, <i>24 June 1996</i>, <i>Etuge M.</i> 2396 (K,YA); Mungo FR, 4.73°N, 9.560°E, <i>22 February 2006</i>, <i>Etuge M.</i> 6506 (K); Mahole-Bintulu road, 4.79°N, 9.603°E, <i>24 November 1999</i>, <i>Gosline W.G.</i> 209 (K,WAG,YA); Mabeta-Moliwe, 3.98°N, 9.25°E, <i>06 April 1992</i>, <i>Jaff B.</i> 73 (K,YA); Rivières de Mosongosele et de Ndian depuis Mosongosele jusqu’à l’entrée amont de la mangrove environ 20 km SW de Mundemba, 4.83°N, 8.765°E, <i>13 June 1976</i>, <i>Letouzey R.</i> 15175 (P,YA); Buea are at Bolifamba, 4.13°N, 9.303°E, <i>01 January 1929</i>, <i>Maitland T.D.</i> 537 (K,P); Bomana-Koto Road c 500 m Bearing 305 deg towards Onge river, 4.31°N, 9.016°E, <i>18 October 1993</i>, <i>Ndam N.</i> 708 (K,YA); Bolo forest 5 kms west of Kumba-Mamfe road near Konye, 4.86°N, 9.429°E, <i>25 March 1986</i>, <i>Nemba J.</i> 56 (U); Mont versant de Idenao, 4.24°N, 8.99°E, <i>23 January 1985</i>, <i>Nkongmeneck B.A.</i> 959 (YA); Bechati-Fossimondi-Besali forest Path leading from Fossimondi to Besali, 5.64°N, 9.966°E, <i>28 April 2005</i>, <i>Tchiengue B.</i> 2204 (K,YA); Above Isobe, 4.16°N, 9°E, <i>10 June 1992</i>, <i>Tekwe C.F.</i> 87 (K,YA); Mount above small Koto village, 4.3°N, 9.1°E, <i>06 March 1985</i>, <i>Thomas D.W.</i> 4447 (K,P,YA); 3 km N of Limbe-Idenao road, 4.05°N, 9.083°E, <i>10 February 1986</i>, <i>Thomas D.W.</i> 5537 (YA); Matene from Mbilishe, 6.25°N, 9.37°E, <i>01 March 1987</i>, <i>Thomas D.W.</i> 6928 (P,YA); west of the Onge River and ridges on "Thump Mount", 4.33°N, 8.95°E, <i>09 November 1993</i>, <i>Thomas D.W.</i> 9875 (K,YA); ca 5 km North East of Limbe TB + 5500 m, 4°N, 9.25°E, <i>02 June 1992</i>, <i>Watts J.</i> 336 (K,YA); Mabeta-Moliwe TD 5835 m, 4.01°N, 9.266°E, <i>24 June 1992</i>, <i>Wheatley J.I.</i> 326 (K,YA).
description: Published as part of <i>Couvreur, Thomas L. P., Dagallier, Leo-Paul M. J., Crozier, Francoise, Ghogue, Jean-Paul, Hoekstra, Paul H., Kamdem, Narcisse G., Johnson, David M., Murray, Nancy A. &amp; Sonke, Bonaventure, 2022, Flora of Cameroon - Annonaceae Vol 45, pp. 1-532 in PhytoKeys 207</i> on pages 390-392, DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.207.61432
description: {"references": ["Tchouto, P, 1998. Uvariodendron connivens. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: e.T34766A9883333. https://doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.1998.RLTS.T34766A9883333.en", "Meinke, S, 2008. Studies on the morphology and pollination biology of selected West African Annonaceae. M.Sc. University of Rostock."]}