cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Remarks on generators and dimensions of triangulated categories
Creators: name: Orlov, Dmitri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper we prove that the dimension of the bounded derived category of coherent sheaves on a smooth quasi-projective curve is equal to one. We also discuss dimension spectrums of these categories.
description: 8 pages, submitted to Moscow Math. Journal
การวิเคราะห์วรรณกรรมอีสานเรื่องคดีโลกคดีธรรม
Creators: name: ชานนท์ ไชยทองดี
name: สุภณ สมจิตศรีปัญญา
name: ประทวน บุญปก
name: กฤษฎา ศรีธรรมา
Publisher: name: มหาวิทยาลัยราชภัฏมหาสารคาม
Year: 2009
Subjects: วรรณกรรมอีสาน, เรื่องคดีโลกคดีธรรม

description: 2, 3, วารสารมหาวิทยาลัยราชภัฏมหาสารคามมนุษยศาสตร์และสังคมศาสตร์
The Rotation of Selected Globular Clusters and the Differential Rotation of M3 in Multiple Populations from the SDSS-IV APOGEE-2 Survey
Creators: name: Szigeti, László
name: Mészáros, Szabolcs
name: Szabó, Gyula M.
name: Fernández-Trincado, José G.
name: Lane, Richard R.
name: Cohen, Roger E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we analyze 10 globular clusters in order to measure their rotational properties by using high precision radial velocity data from the SDSS-IV APOGEE-2 survey. Out of the 10 clusters we were able to successfully measure the rotation speed and position angle of the rotation axis for 9 clusters (M2, M3, M5, M12, M13, M15, M53, M92, M107). The comparison between our results and previous ones shows a really good agreement within our uncertainties. For four of the globular clusters, M3, M13, M5 and M15, we separated the sample into two generation of stars using their [Al/Fe] abundances and examined the kinematic features of these generations separately from one another. In case of M3, we found significant difference between the rotational properties of first and second populations, confirming for the first time the predictions of several numerical simulations from the literature. The other three clusters (M5, M13, M15) also show smaller deviation between the two groups of stars, but those deviations are comparable to our errors.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures, 4 tables. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
title: Failure analysis in lifetime estimation of rails
Creators: name: Atroshenko,  S.A.
name: Maier, S.S.
name: Smirnov , V.I.
Publisher: name: Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University
Year: 2021

description: An attempt is made to find the relationship between the mechanical properties of the material in microvolumes and the properties of the material under load. A fractographic analysis of the surface of a fatigue fracture of a railway rail with an internal transverse crack is presented. The relationship of fractographic features with the structure of the material is discussed.
title: Buy Produce for Your Neighbor: Supporting Local Agriculture
Creators: name: Jimenez, LaCee
name: Wigant, Hiram
name: Coombs, Casey
name: LeBlanc, Heidi
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2021

description: For Utahns experiencing food insecurity, eating adequate fruits and vegetables may be difficult due to limited access to fresh produce. Buy Produce for Your Neighbor is a healthy food drive that increases the amount of fresh produce in community food pantries and supports local agriculture.
title: Lost and Found: A Hidden Foreign Object
Creators: name: Tan, Wendy
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Abdominal imaging
subject: Abdomen
subject: Stomach (incl. Oesophagus)
subject: CT
subject: Complications
subject: Endoscopy
subject: Foreign bodies
subject: Clinical Cases

description: Clinical History: A 21-year-old inpatient admitted at a nearby psychiatric hospital with a history of depression and deliberate self-harm was brought to our hospital emergency room after ingestion of an unknown foreign body 8 days prior. She had been complaining of worsening left-sided abdominal pain and melena. 

description: 21 years, female
The Frölicher spectral sequence can be arbitrarily non degenerate
Creators: name: Bigalke, Laura
name: Rollenske, Sönke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C56 (Primary), 55T99, 22E25, 58A14 (Secondary)

description: The Frölicher spectral sequence of a compact complex manifold $X$ measures the difference between Dolbeault cohomology and de Rham cohomology. We construct for $n\geq 2$ nilmanifolds with left-invariant complex structure $X_n$ such that the $n$-th differential $d_n$ does not vanish. This replaces an earlier incorrect example by the second author.
description: 5 pages, Lemma 2 in v2 incorrect. v3: First author added, new example constructed (by the same method). Shorter Erratum will appear in Math. Ann. as well
Accelerating Large Scale Real-Time GNN Inference using Channel Pruning
Creators: name: Zhou, Hongkuan
name: Srivastava, Ajitesh
name: Zeng, Hanqing
name: Kannan, Rajgopal
name: Prasanna, Viktor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) are proven to be powerful models to generate node embedding for downstream applications. However, due to the high computation complexity of GNN inference, it is hard to deploy GNNs for large-scale or real-time applications. In this paper, we propose to accelerate GNN inference by pruning the dimensions in each layer with negligible accuracy loss. Our pruning framework uses a novel LASSO regression formulation for GNNs to identify feature dimensions (channels) that have high influence on the output activation. We identify two inference scenarios and design pruning schemes based on their computation and memory usage for each. To further reduce the inference complexity, we effectively store and reuse hidden features of visited nodes, which significantly reduces the number of supporting nodes needed to compute the target embedding. We evaluate the proposed method with the node classification problem on five popular datasets and a real-time spam detection application. We demonstrate that the pruned GNN models greatly reduce computation and memory usage with little accuracy loss. For full inference, the proposed method achieves an average of 3.27x speedup with only 0.002 drop in F1-Micro on GPU. For batched inference, the proposed method achieves an average of 6.67x speedup with only 0.003 drop in F1-Micro on CPU. To the best of our knowledge, we are the first to accelerate large scale real-time GNN inference through channel pruning.
How rare are diffusive rare events?
Creators: name: Sanders, David P.
name: Larralde, Hernán
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the time until first occurrence, the first-passage time, of rare density fluctuations in diffusive systems. We approach the problem using a model consisting of many independent random walkers on a lattice. The existence of spatial correlations makes this problem analytically intractable. However, for a mean-field approximation in which the walkers can jump anywhere in the system, we obtain a simple asymptotic form for the mean first-passage time to have a given number k of particles at a distinguished site. We show numerically, and argue heuristically, that for large enough k, the mean-field results give a good approximation for first-passage times for systems with nearest-neighbour dynamics, especially for two and higher spatial dimensions. Finally, we show how the results change when density fluctuations anywhere in the system, rather than at a specific distinguished site, are considered.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures. Accepted for publication in Europhysics Letters (http://www.iop.org/EJ/journal/EPL)
title: Coriandro :
title: Directrices para la ejecución del examen de la distinción, la homogeneidad y la estabilidad.
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: International Union For The Protection Of New Varieties Of Plants,
Publisher: name: International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants,
Year: 0
Subjects: Plants
New Varieties of Plants
Coriander

description: La finalidad de estas directrices (“directrices de examen”) es elaborar los principios que figuran en la Introducción General (documento TG/1/3) y sus documentos TGP conexos, con objeto de que sirvan de orientación práctica y detallada para el examen armonizado de la distinción, homogeneidad y estabilidad (DHE) y en particular, para identificar los caracteres apropiados para el examen DHE y producir descripciones armonizadas de variedades.
Turbulence and its connection to episodic accretion in binary YSOs
Creators: name: Riaz, Rafeel
name: Schleicher, Dominik R. G.
name: Vanaverbeke, Siegfried
name: Klessen, Ralf S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report signatures of episodic accretion in young stellar objects (YSOs) that emerge in protobinary configurations in a gravoturbulent gas collapse. We find in most of these protobinary systems strong accretion bursts between the two companions with a recurrence time-scale of about 1 kyr. The accretion rate onto the secondary star typically exceeds that onto the primary with a peak value of 2 $\times 10^{-2}$ M$_{\odot}$ yr$^{-1}$ for the former and 6 $\times 10^{-3}$ M$_{\odot}$ yr$^{-1}$ for the latter. We propose that the secondary companion which remains more active in its episodes of accretion bursts, especially for the gas cores with subsonic velocity dispersion, may provide observational opportunities to find traces of episodic accretion in the surrounding gas of the embedded YSOs that are in a binary configuration. Also, protostars evolving as single objects in the same environment show fewer accretion bursts and all together a more steady mass growth history. The prestellar cores with subsonic velocity dispersion exhibit an order of magnitude more intense accretion bursts than in the case of cores with supersonic velocity dispersions. The latter shows the formation of some of the protobinaries in which the primary acts as a more actively accreting companion. This can support these binaries to become systems of extreme mass ratio. Moreover, the YSOs in binary configurations with small semi-major axis $a$ $\approx$ 50 au and high mass ratio $q$ > 0.7 support phases of intense episodic accretion. The eccentricity, however, seems to play no significant role in the occurrence of accretion bursts.
description: Accepted in MNRAS, 18 pages, 18 figures, 3 tables
Thermophoresis of charged colloidal particles
Creators: name: Fayolle, S.
name: Bickel, T.
name: Würger, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Thermally induced particle flow in a charged colloidal suspension is studied in a fluid-mechanical approach. The force density acting on the charged boundary layer is derived in detail. From Stokes' equation with no-slip boundary conditions at the particle surface, we obtain the particle drift velocity and the thermophoretic transport coefficients. The results are discussed in view of previous work and available experimental data.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures
Historique des bâtiments de l'École polytechnique d'architecture et d'urbanisme d'Alger. Brouillon manuscrit
Creators: name: Bouzar, Mourad
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Algeria, architecture, teaching, history, post-colonial studies, EPAU

description: Document manuscrit rédigé par Jean-Jacques Deluz, architecte et enseignant à l'EPAU. Sous forme de brouillon, le document retrace l'historique de la création de l'École polytechnique d'architecture d'Alger entre 1969 et 1974.
Optimal control of electromagnetic field using metallic nanoclusters
Creators: name: Grigorenko, Ilya
name: Haas, Stephan
name: Balatsky, Alexander
name: Levi, A. F. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dielectric properties of metallic nanoclusters in the presence of an applied electromagnetic field are investigated using non-local linear response theory. In the quantum limit we find a non-trivial dependence of the induced field and charge distribution on the spatial separation between the clusters and on the frequency of the driving field. Using a genetic algorithm, these quantum functionalities are exploited to custom-design sub-wavelength lenses with a frequency controlled switching capability.
description: accepted for publication in New Journal of Physics
Measurement of emission spectrum for gaseous argon electroluminescence in visible light region from 300 to 600 nm
Creators: name: Aoyama, Kazutaka
name: Kimura, Masato
name: Morohoshi, Hiroyuki
name: Takeda, Tomomasa
name: Tanaka, Masashi
name: Yorita, Kohei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A double-phase Ar detector can efficiently identify particles and reconstruct their positions. However, the properties of electroluminescence (EL) for secondary light emission in the gas phase are not fully understood. Earlier studies have explained the EL process using an ordinary EL mechanism because of an Ar excimer; however, this mechanism does not predict the emission of visible light (VL). Recent measurements have demonstrated VL components in Ar gas EL, to explain which a new mechanism called neutral bremsstrahlung (NBrS) was proposed. In this study, we investigated gaseous Ar EL in the VL region from 300 to 600 nm at room temperature and normal pressure using a gaseous time projection chamber (TPC). The secondary emission light from the TPC luminescence region was dispersed using a spectrometer. The observed spectrum was interpreted using the ordinary EL and NBrS models, and the effect of nitrogen impurities is discussed herein.
Strong CP, Up-Quark Mass, and the Randall-Sundrum Microscope
Creators: name: Davoudiasl, Hooman
name: Soni, Amarjit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the Randall-Sundrum model, setting the ratio of up and down quark masses $m_u/m_d << 1$, relevant to the strong CP problem, does not require chiral symmetry or fine-tuning, due to exponential bulk fermion profiles. We point out that such geometric suppression of the mass of a fermion magnifies the masses of its corresponding Kaluza-Klein (KK) states. In this sense, these KK states act as "microscopes" for probing light quark and lepton masses. In simple realizations, this hypothesis can be testable at future colliders, like the LHC, by measuring the spectrum of level-1 KK fermions. The microscope can then provide an experimental test for the vanishing of $m_u$ in the ultraviolet, independently of non-perturbative determinations, by lattice simulations or other means, at hadronic scales. We also briefly comment on application of our microscope idea to other fermions, such as the electron and neutrinos.
description: 7 pages. New discussions and references added. Main previous conclusions unchanged
Additional file 1 of Gestational age data completeness, quality and validity in population-based surveys: EN-INDEPTH study
Creators: name: M. Moinuddin Haider
name: Kaiser Mahmud
name: Blencowe, Hannah
name: Tahmeed Ahmed
name: Akuze, Joseph
name: Cousens, Simon
name: Delwar, Nafisa
name: Fisker, Ane B.
name: Hardy, Victoria Ponce
name: S. M. Tafsir Hasan
name: Md. Ali Imam
name: Kajungu, Dan
name: Md Alfazal Khan
name: Justiniano S. D. Martins
name: Quamrun Nahar
name: Obed Ernest A. Nettey
name: Adane Kebede Tesega
name: Yargawa, Judith
name: Alam, Nurul
name: Lawn, Joy E.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. STROBE guidelines checklist.
Higgs and top physics reconstruction challenges and opportunities at FCC-ee
Creators: name: Azzi, Patrizia
name: Gouskos, Loukas
name: Selvaggi, Michele
name: Simon, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Higgs bosons and the top quark decay into rich and diverse final states, containing both light and heavy quarks, gluons, photons as well as W and Z bosons. This article reviews the challenges involved in reconstructing Higgs and top events at the FCC-ee and identifies the areas where novel developments are needed. The precise identification and reconstruction of these final states at the FCC-ee rely on the capability of the detector to provide excellent flavour tagging, jet energy and angular resolution, and global kinematic event reconstruction. Excellent flavour tagging performance requires low-material vertex and tracking detectors, and advanced machine learning techniques as successfully employed in LHC experiments. In addition, the Z pole run will provide abundant samples of heavy flavour partons that can be used for calibration of the tagging algorithms. For the reconstruction of jets, leptons, and missing energy, particle-flow algorithms are crucial to explore the full potential of the highly granular tracking and calorimeter systems, and give access to excellent energy-momentum resolution and precise identification of heavy bosons in their hadronic decays. This enables, among many other key elements, the reconstruction of Higgsstrahlung processes with leptonically and hadronically decaying Z bosons, and an almost background-free identification of top quark pair events. Exploiting the full available kinematic constraints together with exclusive jet clustering algorithms will allow for the optimisation of global event reconstruction with kinematic fitting techniques.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures, accepted in EPJ+ Special issue: "A Future Higgs & Electroweak Factory (FCC): Challenges towards Discovery - Part II: Physics Opportunities and Challenges"
On the multi-wavelength variability of Mrk 110: Two components acting at different timescales
Creators: name: Vincentelli, F. M.
name: McHardy, I.
name: Cackett, E. M.
name: Barth, A. J.
name: Horne, K.
name: Goad, M.
name: Korista, K.
name: Gelbord, J.
name: Brandt, W.
name: Edelson, R.
name: Miller, J. A.
name: Pahari, M.
name: Peterson, B. M.
name: Schmidt, T.
name: Baldi, R. D.
name: Breedt, E.
name: Santisteban, J. V. Hernandez
name: Romero-Colmenero, E.
name: Ward, M.
name: Williams, D. R. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first intensive continuum reverberation mapping study of the high accretion rate Seyfert galaxy Mrk 110. The source was monitored almost daily for more than 200 days with the Swift X-ray and UV/optical telescopes, supported by ground-based observations from Las Cumbres Observatory, the Liverpool Telescope, and the Zowada Observatory, thus extending the wavelength coverage to 9100 Å. Mrk 110 was found to be significantly variable at all wavebands. Analysis of the intraband lags reveals two different behaviours, depending on the timescale. On timescales shorter than 10 days the lags, relative to the shortest UV waveband ($\sim1928$ Å), increase with increasing wavelength up to a maximum of $\sim2$days lag for the longest waveband ($\sim9100$ Å), consistent with the expectation from disc reverberation. On longer timescales, however, the g-band lags the Swift BAT hard X-rays by $\sim10$ days, with the z-band lagging the g-band by a similar amount, which cannot be explained in terms of simple reprocessing from the accretion disc. We interpret this result as an interplay between the emission from the accretion disc and diffuse continuum radiation from the broad line region.
description: 19 pages, 11 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
title: USU’s Health Extension: Advocacy, Research, & Teaching (HEART) Initiative Completes Three Years of Impactful Programming
Creators: name: Yaugher, Ashley C
name: Savoie-Roskos, Mateja R.
name: Adame, Verlina
name: Murza, Gabriela
name: Voss, Maren Wright Wright
name: Keady, Timothy
name: Wilde, Sadie
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2021

description: USU’s Health Extension: Advocacy, Research, & Teaching (HEART) Initiative addresses the opioid epidemic and other pressing public health issues in Utah. Data collected from HEART collaborations, acquired funding, and programming over the past three years demonstrates HEART’s collective impact on the state’s opioid epidemic.
title: A Consortium Approach to Building a Recovery-ready Community in Tooele County, Utah
Creators: name: Voss, Maren Wright Wright
name: Ciciurkaite, Gabriele
name: Madden, Erin F
name: Zaman, Katie
name: Sulzer, Sandra H
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2021

description: Substance Use Disorder (SUD) remains a critical issue in rural and tribal populations of Utah. In response, we created a consortium of recovery programs, tribal partners, social scientists, substance use disorders counselors, and treatment specialists to target prevention, treatment and recovery programming efforts in Tooele County, Utah.
Classical Exchange Algebra of the Superstring on S^5 with the AdS-time
Creators: name: Aoyama, Shogo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A classical exchange algebra of the superstring on S^5 with the AdS-time is shown on the light-like plane. To this end we use the geometrical method of which consistency is guaranteed by the classical Yang-Baxter equation. The Dirac method does not work, there being constraints which contain first-class and second-class and one can disentangle with each other keeping the isometry hardly.
description: 12 pages, v2: argument on alternative representation of S^5 spherical functions added, typos corrected, one reference added, matches journal version
title: Communicating Program Outcomes and Impact Using Data Visualization Dashboards
Creators: name: Ali, Amanda D
name: Hill, Paul A
name: Bria, Dominic C
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2021

description: Governed by the Government Performance and Results Act (GPRA) of 1993, program performance benchmarks within the Cooperative Extension System relate to (a) relevance, (b) quality, and (c) accomplishments. This study discusses the development and implementation of data dashboards for the Rural Online Initiative, adhering to GRPA’s benchmarks of performance.
title: Providing Pesticide License Holders CEU Credits During the COVID 19 Pandemic
Creators: name: Wierda, Michael
name: Zesiger, Cody
name: Hadfield, Jacob
name: Pace, Micheal
name: Wray, Paige
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2021

description: USU Extension and UDAF provide continuing education units (CEUs) for pesticide license renewal. However, in 2020, face-to-face meetings were canceled due to COVID-19. Workshop cancellation left CEU seekers with limited options. In response, programming was adapted and 2,992 CEU hours were provided via online sessions.
Additional file 3 of Gestational age data completeness, quality and validity in population-based surveys: EN-INDEPTH study
Creators: name: M. Moinuddin Haider
name: Kaiser Mahmud
name: Blencowe, Hannah
name: Tahmeed Ahmed
name: Akuze, Joseph
name: Cousens, Simon
name: Delwar, Nafisa
name: Fisker, Ane B.
name: Hardy, Victoria Ponce
name: S. M. Tafsir Hasan
name: Md. Ali Imam
name: Kajungu, Dan
name: Md Alfazal Khan
name: Justiniano S. D. Martins
name: Quamrun Nahar
name: Obed Ernest A. Nettey
name: Adane Kebede Tesega
name: Yargawa, Judith
name: Alam, Nurul
name: Lawn, Joy E.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 3. Overview of gestational age data collection in Matlab and Bandim HDSS sites.
Ferroresonancia en circuitos secundarios.pdf
Creators: name: Guaman, Ruben
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 400805
subject: Electrical energy transmission, networks and systems

description: El artículo presenta un caso de estudio de detección, simulación y amortiguamiento del fenómeno de ferroresonancia en circuitos secundarios de transformadores de tensión capacitivos. Se analiza los datos recolectados en registros oscilográficos reales y se busca reproducir este fenómeno en ATP para buscar las mejores soluciones. El estudio es realizado en una línea de transmisión de 230 kV en actual servicio
Black Hole Cannibalism
Creators: name: Bao, Ning
name: Wildenhain, Elizabeth
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a version of the Hayden-Preskill thought experiment in which the message thrown into the black hole is itself a smaller black hole. We then discuss the implications of the existence of a recovery channel for this black hole message at asymptotic infinity, resulting in a sharpening of the black hole information paradox for observers who never need to approach a horizon. We suggest decoherence mechanisms as a way of resolving this sharpened paradox.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures; Essay written for the Gravity Research Foundation 2021 Awards for Essays on Gravitation
Additional file 2 of Gestational age data completeness, quality and validity in population-based surveys: EN-INDEPTH study
Creators: name: M. Moinuddin Haider
name: Kaiser Mahmud
name: Blencowe, Hannah
name: Tahmeed Ahmed
name: Akuze, Joseph
name: Cousens, Simon
name: Delwar, Nafisa
name: Fisker, Ane B.
name: Hardy, Victoria Ponce
name: S. M. Tafsir Hasan
name: Md. Ali Imam
name: Kajungu, Dan
name: Md Alfazal Khan
name: Justiniano S. D. Martins
name: Quamrun Nahar
name: Obed Ernest A. Nettey
name: Adane Kebede Tesega
name: Yargawa, Judith
name: Alam, Nurul
name: Lawn, Joy E.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2. Selection of women with a livebirth surviving the neonatal period, EN-INDEPTH survey.
A new measurement of the Hubble constant using Fast Radio Bursts
Creators: name: Hagstotz, Steffen
name: Reischke, Robert
name: Lilow, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fast radio bursts (FRBs) are very short and bright transients visible over extragalactic distances. The radio pulse undergoes dispersion caused by free electrons along the line of sight, most of which are associated with the large-scale structure (LSS). The total dispersion measure therefore increases with the line of sight and provides a distance estimate to the source. We present the first measurement of the Hubble constant using the dispersion measure -- redshift relation of FRBs with identified host counterpart and corresponding redshift information. A sample of nine currently available FRBs yields a constraint of $H_0 = 62.3 \pm 9.1 \,\rm{km} \,\rm{s}^{-1}\,\rm{Mpc}^{-1}$, accounting for uncertainty stemming from the LSS, host halo and Milky Way contributions to the observed dispersion measure. The main current limitation is statistical, and we estimate that a few hundred events with corresponding redshifts are sufficient for a per cent measurement of $H_0$. This is a number well within reach of ongoing FRB searches. We perform a forecast using a realistic mock sample to demonstrate that a high-precision measurement of the expansion rate is possible without relying on other cosmological probes. FRBs can therefore arbitrate the current tension between early and late time measurements of $H_0$ in the near future.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures. Submitted to MNRAS
Frequent Occurrence of High-speed Local Mass Downflows on the Solar Surface
Creators: name: Shimizu, T.
name: Lites, B. W.
name: Katsukawa, Y.
name: Ichimoto, K.
name: Suematsu, Y.
name: Tsuneta, S.
name: Nagata, S.
name: Kubo, M.
name: Shine, R. A.
name: Tarbell, T. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on new spectro-polarimetric measurements with simultaneous filter imaging observation, revealing the frequent appearance of polarization signals indicating high-speed, probably supersonic, downflows that are associated with at least three different configurations of magnetic fields in the solar photosphere. The observations were carried out with the Solar Optical Telescope onboard the {\em Hinode} satellite. High speed downflows are excited when a moving magnetic feature is newly formed near the penumbral boundary of sunspots. Also, a new type of downflows is identified at the edge of sunspot umbra that lack accompanying penumbral structures. These may be triggered by the interaction of magnetic fields sweeped by convection with well-concentrated magnetic flux. Another class of high speed downflows are observed in quiet sun and sunspot moat regions. These are closely related to the formation of small concentrated magnetic flux patches. High speed downflows of all types are transient time-dependent mass motions. These findings suggest that the excitation of supersonic mass flows are one of the key observational features of the dynamical evolution occurring in magnetic-field fine structures on the solar surface.
description: 26 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication on the Astrophysical Journal
Isolating non-linearities of light propagation in inhomogeneous cosmologies
Creators: name: Grasso, Michele
name: Villa, Eleonora
name: Korzyński, Mikołaj
name: Matarrese, Sabino
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new formulation for light propagation in geometric optics by means of the Bi-local Geodesic Operators is considered. We develop the BiGONLight Mathematica package, uniquely designed to apply this framework to compute optical observables in Numerical Relativity. Our package can be used for light propagation on a wide range of scales and redshifts and accepts numerical as well as analytical input for the spacetime metric. In this paper we focus on two cosmological observables, the redshift and the angular diameter distance, specializing our analysis to a wall universe modeled within the post-Newtonian approximation. With this choice and the input metric in analytical form, we are able to estimate non-linearities of light propagation by comparing and isolating the contributions coming from Newtonian and post-Newtonian approximations as opposed to linear perturbation theory. We also clarify the role of the dominant post-Newtonian contribution represented by the linear initial seed which, strictly speaking, is absent in the Newtonian treatment. We found that post-Newtonian non-linear corrections are below $1\%$, in agreement with previous results in the literature.
description: 21 pages, 16 figures. For the BiGONLight package, see https://github.com/MicGrasso/bigonlight1.0
Communication channel characteristics and behaviour of intrabuilding power distribution circuits
Creators: name: Chan, Morgan Hing-Lap
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Intrabuilding power distribution circuits offer a number of unique advantages for local area networking. To enable the selection of proper error-control codes and protocols for reliable data communication services, error pattern statistics of intrabuilding power line channels are obtained. Also, error-causing disturbances are identified and their relationships to specific types of error patterns are determined. It is found that error occurrence is highly periodic, with periodicity being a function of the power line frequency which is nominally 60Hz in North America. Furthermore, results indicate that error pattern behaviour is relatively insensitive to communication carrier frequency and modulation schemes. Based on the measurement results, hybrid ARQ with bit-interleaving is suggested for reliable data transmission at high data rate (19,200bps). Burst error correcting codes can be used to reduce decoder cost and complexity with some sacrifices in performance. At lower data rates (1,200bps or below), effective error control can be accomplished more easily. Finally, the attenuation characteristics of a number of typical power line channels are presented. It is found that high frequency bypass can be used to improve signal transmission between different phases of the distribution transformer.
Coupling superconducting flux qubits at optimal point via dynamic decoupling with the quantum bus
Creators: name: Wang, Y. D.
name: Kemp, A.
name: Semba, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a scheme with dc-control of finite bandwidth to implement two-qubit gate for superconducting flux qubits at the optimal point. We provide a detailed non-perturbative analysis on the dynamic evolution of the qubits interacting with a common quantum bus. An effective qubit-qubit coupling is induced while decoupling the quantum bus with proposed pulse sequences. The two-qubit gate is insensitive to the initial state of the quantum bus and applicable to non-perturbative coupling regime which enables rapid two-qubit operation. This scheme can be scaled up to multi-qubit coupling.
description: 10 pages; 6 figures
Interference effects and modified Born rule in the presence of torsion
Creators: name: Bittencourt, Eduardo
name: Junior, Alexsandre L. Ferreira
name: Lobo, Iarley P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The propagation of nonrelativistic excitations in material media with topological defects can be modeled in terms of an external torsion field modifying the Schroedinger equation. Through a perturbative approach, we find a solution for the wave function which gives corrections in the interference patterns of the order of 0.1 Angstrom, for a possible experimental setup at atomic scales. Finally, we demonstrate how this geometric, but effective, approach can indeed accommodate a probabilistic interpretation of the wave function although the perturbative theory is nonunitary.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures. Replaced to match the published version
Criticality in inhomogeneous magnetic systems: Application to quantum ferromagnets
Creators: name: Belitz, D.
name: Kirkpatrick, T. R.
name: Saha, Ronojoy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a $ϕ^4$-theory with a position-dependent distance from the critical point. One realization of this model is a classical ferromagnet subject to non-uniform mechanical stress. We find a sharp phase transition where the envelope of the local magnetization vanishes uniformly. The first-order transition in a quantum ferromagnet also remains sharp. The universal mechanism leading to a tricritical point in an itinerant quantum ferromagnet is suppressed, and in principle one can recover a quantum critical point with mean-field exponents. Observable consequences of these results are discussed.
description: 4pp, 4 eps figs, contains additional information compared to PRL version. PRl, in press
Analytical simulations of the effect of satellite constellations on optical and near-infrared observations
Creators: name: Bassa, C. G.
name: Hainaut, O. R.
name: Galadi-Enriquez, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The number of satellites in low-Earth orbit is increasing rapidly, and many tens of thousands of them are expected to be launched in the coming years. There is a strong concern among the astronomical community about the contamination of optical and near-infrared observations by satellite trails. We analyze the impact analysis of such constellations on optical and near-infrared astronomical observations in a rigorous and quantitative way, using updated constellation information, and considering imagers and spectrographs and their very different characteristics. We introduce an analytical method that allows us to rapidly and accurately evaluate the effect of a very large number of satellites, accounting for their magnitudes and the effect of trailing of the satellite image during the exposure. We use this to evaluate the impact on a series of representative instruments, including imagers (traditional narrow field instruments, wide-field survey cameras, and astro-photographic cameras) and spectrographs (long-slit and fibre-fed), taking into account their limiting magnitude. As already known (Walker et al. 2020), the effect of satellite trails is more damaging for high-altitude satellites, on wide-field instruments, or essentially during the first and last hours of the night. Thanks to their brighter limiting magnitudes, low- and mid-resolution spectrographs will be less affected, but the contamination will be at about the same level as that of the science signal, introducing additional challenges. High-resolution spectrographs will essentially be immune. We propose a series of mitigating measures, including one that uses the described simulation method to optimize the scheduling of the observations. We conclude that no single mitigation measure will solve the problem of satellite trails for all instruments and all science cases.
description: 20 pages, 18 figures, submitted to Astronomy & Astrophysics
Additional file 4 of Gestational age data completeness, quality and validity in population-based surveys: EN-INDEPTH study
Creators: name: M. Moinuddin Haider
name: Kaiser Mahmud
name: Blencowe, Hannah
name: Tahmeed Ahmed
name: Akuze, Joseph
name: Cousens, Simon
name: Delwar, Nafisa
name: Fisker, Ane B.
name: Hardy, Victoria Ponce
name: S. M. Tafsir Hasan
name: Md. Ali Imam
name: Kajungu, Dan
name: Md Alfazal Khan
name: Justiniano S. D. Martins
name: Quamrun Nahar
name: Obed Ernest A. Nettey
name: Adane Kebede Tesega
name: Yargawa, Judith
name: Alam, Nurul
name: Lawn, Joy E.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 4. Linking between EN-INDEPTH survey and HDSS data.
title: Cold spray deposition of composite copper-tungsten coatings
Creators: name: Shikalov,  V.S.
name: Filippov,  A.A.
name: Vidyuk , T.M.
Publisher: name: Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University
Year: 2021

description: The work is devoted to the experimental study of the mechanical properties of cold sprayed composite copper-tungsten coatings. Using the instrumental indentation technique, mechanical tests of coatings containing tungsten microinclusions in the content range 0-32 wt.% were carried out. It was shown that an increase in the content of tungsten in the copper matrix of the coating promotes an increase in the microhardness and elastic modulus of the coating. Adhesion strength tests of coatings were carried out, which showed that an increase in the content of tungsten in the feedstock mixture leads to a significant increase in the value of the adhesion-cohesion strength of the coating.
A Generic Test of Modified Gravity Models which Emulate Dark Matter
Creators: name: Kahya, E. O.
name: Woodard, R. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a generic test for models in which gravity is modified to do away with dark matter. These models tend to have gravitons couple to a different metric than ordinary matter. A strong test of such models comes from comparing the arrival time of the gravitational wave pulse from a cosmological event such as a supernova with the arrival times of the associated pulses of neutrinos and photons. For SN 1987a we show that the gravity wave would have arrived 5.3 days after the neutrino pulse.
description: 4 pages, uses RevTex, no figures
Local approximate Gaussian process regression for data-driven constitutive laws: Development and comparison with neural networks
Creators: name: Fuhg, Jan Niklas
name: Marino, Michele
name: Bouklas, Nikolaos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: J.2; I.2.6; G.1.8
subject: 35Q74 (Primary), 35Q62

description: Hierarchical computational methods for multiscale mechanics such as the FE$^2$ and FE-FFT methods are generally accompanied by high computational costs. Data-driven approaches are able to speed the process up significantly by enabling to incorporate the effective micromechanical response in macroscale simulations without the need of performing additional computations at each Gauss point explicitly. Traditionally artificial neural networks (ANNs) have been the surrogate modeling technique of choice in the solid mechanics community. However they suffer from severe drawbacks due to their parametric nature and suboptimal training and inference properties for the investigated datasets in a three dimensional setting. These problems can be avoided using local approximate Gaussian process regression (laGPR). This method can allow the prediction of stress outputs at particular strain space locations by training local regression models based on Gaussian processes, using only a subset of the data for each local model, offering better and more reliable accuracy than ANNs. A modified Newton-Raphson approach is proposed to accommodate for the local nature of the laGPR approximation when solving the global structural problem in a FE setting. Hence, the presented work offers a complete and general framework enabling multiscale calculations combining a data-driven constitutive prediction using laGPR, and macroscopic calculations using an FE scheme that we test for finite-strain three-dimensional hyperelastic problems.
description: 22 pages, 15 figures
Electron Beam Instability in Left-Handed Media
Creators: name: Bliokh, Yury P.
name: Savel'ev, Sergey
name: Nori, Franco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We predict that two electron beams can develop an instability when passing through a slab of left-handed media (LHM). This instability, which is inherent only for LHM, originates from the backward Cherenkov radiation and results in a self-modulation of the beams and radiation of electromagnetic waves. These waves leave the sample via the rear surface of the slab (the beam injection plane) and form two shifted bright circles centered at the beams. A simulated spectrum of radiation has well-separated lines on top of a broad continuous spectrum, which indicates dynamical chaos in the system. The radiation intensity and its spectrum can be controlled either by the beams' current or by the distance between the two beams.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Strong low-frequency radio flaring from Cygnus X-3 observed with LOFAR
Creators: name: Broderick, J. W.
name: Russell, T. D.
name: Fender, R. P.
name: Trushkin, S. A.
name: Green, D. A.
name: Chauhan, J.
name: Nizhelskij, N. A.
name: Tsybulev, P. G.
name: Bursov, N. N.
name: Shevchenko, A. V.
name: Pooley, G. G.
name: Williams, D. R. A.
name: Bright, J. S.
name: Rowlinson, A.
name: Corbel, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present Low-Frequency Array (LOFAR) 143.5-MHz radio observations of flaring activity during 2019 May from the X-ray binary Cygnus X-3. Similar to radio observations of previous outbursts from Cygnus X-3, we find that this source was significantly variable at low frequencies, reaching a maximum flux density of about 5.8 Jy. We compare our LOFAR light curve with contemporaneous observations taken at 1.25 and 2.3 GHz with the RATAN-600 telescope, and at 15 GHz with the Arcminute Microkelvin Imager (AMI) Large Array. The initial 143.5-MHz flux density level, $\sim$2 Jy, is suggested to be the delayed and possibly blended emission from at least some of the flaring activity that had been detected at higher frequencies before our LOFAR observations had begun. There is also evidence of a delay of more than four days between a bright flare that initially peaked on May 6 at 2.3 and 15 GHz, and the corresponding peak ($\gtrsim$ 5.8 Jy) at 143.5 MHz. From the multi-frequency light curves, we estimate the minimum energy and magnetic field required to produce this flare to be roughly 10$^{44}$ erg and 40 mG, respectively, corresponding to a minimum mean power of $\sim$10$^{38}$ erg s$^{-1}$. Additionally, we show that the broadband radio spectrum evolved over the course of our observing campaign; in particular, the two-point spectral index between 143.5 MHz and 1.25 GHz transitioned from being optically thick to optically thin as the flare simultaneously brightened at 143.5 MHz and faded at GHz frequencies.
description: 14 pages, 6 figures, 4 tables, accepted for publication in MNRAS