cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Systemic Delivery of Modified mRNA Encoding Herpes Simplex Virus 1 Thymidine Kinase for Targeted Cancer Gene Therapy
Creators: name: Blancafort, Pilar
name: Wang, Yuhua
name: Hu, Yunxia
name: Su, Hsing-hao
name: Huang, Leaf
name: Yang, Yang
name: Zhang, Lu
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Failure of clinical trials of nonviral vector-mediated gene therapy arises primarily from either an insufficient transgene expression level or immunostimulation concerns caused by the genetic information carrier (e.g., bacteria-generated, double-stranded DNA (dsDNA)). Neither of these issues could be addressed through engineering-sophisticated gene delivery vehicles. Therefore, we propose a systemic delivery of chemically modified messenger RNA (mRNA) as an alternative to plasmid DNA (pDNA) in cancer gene therapy. Modified mRNA evaded recognition by the innate immune system and was less immunostimulating than dsDNA or regular mRNA. Moreover, the cytoplasmic delivery of mRNA circumvented the nuclear envelope, which resulted in a higher gene expression level. When formulated in the nanoparticle formulation liposome-protamine-RNA (LPR), modified mRNA showed increased nuclease tolerance and was more effectively taken up by tumor cells after systemic administration. The use of LPR resulted in a substantial increase of the gene expression level compared with the equivalent pDNA in the human lung cancer NCI-H460 carcinoma. In a therapeutic model, when modified mRNA encoding herpes simplex virus 1-thymidine kinase (HSV1-tk) was systemically delivered to H460 xenograft-bearing nude mice, it was significantly more effective in suppressing tumor growth than pDNA.
Observed Consequences of Presupernova Instability in Very Massive Stars
Creators: name: Smith, Nathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This chapter concentrates on the deaths of very massive stars, the events leading up to their deaths, and how mass loss affects the resulting death. The previous three chapters emphasized the theory of wind mass loss, eruptions, and core collapse physics, but here we emphasize mainly the observational properties of the resulting death throes. Mass loss through winds, eruptions, and interacting binaries largely determines the wide variety of different types of supernovae that are observed, as well as the circumstellar environments into which the supernova blast waves expand. Connecting these observed properties of the explosions to the initial masses of their progenitor stars is, however, an enduring challenge and is especially difficult for very massive stars. Superluminous supernovae, pair instability supernovae, gamma ray bursts, and "failed" supernovae are all end fates that have been proposed for very massive stars, but the range of initial masses or other conditions leading to each of these (if they actually occur) are still very certain. Extrapolating to infer the role of very massive stars in the early universe is essentially unencumbered by observational constraints and still quite dicey.
description: 39 pages, 5 figures, to appear as chapter in the book "Very Massive Stars in the Local Universe", ed. J. Vink
Cardiac I-1c Overexpression With Reengineered AAV Improves Cardiac Function in Swine Ischemic Heart Failure
Creators: name: Samulski, Jade
name: Sigg, Daniel C
name: Akar, Fadi G
name: Kranias, Evangelia G
name: McPhee, Scott
name: Fish, Kenneth M
name: Shimada, Yuichi J
name: Xie, Chaoqin
name: Gwathmey, Judith K
name: Samulski, Richard Jude
name: Weber, Thomas
name: Ishikawa, Kiyotake
name: Aguero, Jaume
name: Santos-Gallego, Carlos G
name: Karakikes, Ioannis
name: Lee, Ahyoung
name: Rapti, Kleopatra
name: Hajjar, Roger J
name: Asokan, Aravind
name: Tilemann, Lisa
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Cardiac gene therapy has emerged as a promising option to treat advanced heart failure (HF). Advances in molecular biology and gene targeting approaches are offering further novel options for genetic manipulation of the cardiovascular system. The aim of this study was to improve cardiac function in chronic HF by overexpressing constitutively active inhibitor-1 (I-1c) using a novel cardiotropic vector generated by capsid reengineering of adeno-associated virus (BNP116). One month after a large anterior myocardial infarction, 20 Yorkshire pigs randomly received intracoronary injection of either high-dose BNP116.I-1c (1.0 × 1013 vector genomes (vg), n = 7), low-dose BNP116.I-1c (3.0 × 1012 vg, n = 7), or saline (n = 6). Compared to baseline, mean left ventricular ejection fraction increased by 5.7% in the high-dose group, and by 5.2% in the low-dose group, whereas it decreased by 7% in the saline group. Additionally, preload-recruitable stroke work obtained from pressure–volume analysis demonstrated significantly higher cardiac performance in the high-dose group. Likewise, other hemodynamic parameters, including stroke volume and contractility index indicated improved cardiac function after the I-1c gene transfer. Furthermore, BNP116 showed a favorable gene expression pattern for targeting the heart. In summary, I-1c overexpression using BNP116 improves cardiac function in a clinically relevant model of ischemic HF.
Reactive "organic" phosphorus revisited
Creators: name: Baldwin, D. S
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2023

description: Murray-Darling Freshwater Research Centre

MDFRC item.

While soluble reactive P is often equated with free ortho-phosphate ion, the standard molybdenum-blue method used to determine srP can potentially hydrolyse "organic" P compounds or displace P from colloids (Levine and Schindler, 1980). A number of synthetic and natural P species were shown to be susceptible to analysis-induced hydrolysis/displacement. Most notably, weak-anion exchange chromatography was used to show that free ortho-phosphate represented only a small fraction of the soluble reactive P found in water samples from an eutrophic wetland.
Integration-deficient Lentiviral Vectors Expressing Codon-optimized R338L Human FIX Restore Normal Hemostasis in Hemophilia B Mice
Creators: name: von Kalle, Christof
name: Kafri, Tal
name: Bartholomae, Cynthia C
name: Monahan, Paul E
name: Gui, Tong
name: Kutschera, Ina
name: Schmidt, Manfred
name: Suwanmanee, Thipparat
name: Hu, Genlin
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Integration-deficient lentiviral vectors (IDLVs) have been shown to transduce a wide spectrum of target cells and organs in vitro and in vivo and to maintain long-term transgene expression in nondividing cells. However, epigenetic silencing of episomal vector genomes reduces IDLV transgene expression levels and renders these safe vectors less efficient. In this article, we describe for the first time a complete correction of factor IX (FIX) deficiency in hemophilia B mice by IDLVs carrying a novel, highly potent human FIX cDNA. A 50-fold increase in human FIX cDNA potency was achieved by combining two mechanistically independent yet synergistic strategies: (i) optimization of the human FIX cDNA codon usage to increase human FIX protein production per vector genome and (ii) generation of a highly catalytic mutant human FIX protein in which the arginine residue at position 338 was substituted with leucine. The enhanced human FIX activity was not associated with liver damage or with the formation of human FIX-directed inhibitory antibodies and rendered IDLV-treated FIX-knockout mice resistant to a challenging tail-clipping assay. A novel S1 nuclease-based B1-quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay showed low levels of IDLV integration in mouse liver. Overall, this study demonstrates that IDLVs carrying an improved human FIX cDNA safely and efficiently cure hemophilia B in a mouse model.
Relative Alignment Between Magnetic Fields and Molecular Gas Structure in Molecular Clouds
Creators: name: Mazzei, Renato
name: Li, Zhi-Yun
name: Chen, Che-Yu
name: Fissel, Laura
name: Chen, Mike
name: Park, James
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compare the structure of synthetic dust polarization with synthetic molecular line emission from radiative transfer calculations using a 3-dimensional, turbulent collapsing-cloud magnetohydrodynamics simulation. The histogram of relative orientations (HRO) technique and the projected Rayleigh statistic (PRS) are considered. In our trans-Alfvénic (more strongly magnetized) simulation, there is a transition to perpendicular alignment at densities above $\sim$$4 \times 10^{3}$ cm$^{-3}$. This transition is recovered in most of our synthetic observations of optically thin molecular tracers, however for $^{12}$CO it does not occur and the PRS remains in parallel alignment across the whole observer-space. We calculate the physical depth of the optical depth $τ= 1$ surface and find that for $^{12}$CO it is largely located in front of the cloud midplane, suggesting that $^{12}$CO is too optically thick and instead mainly probes low volume density gas. In our super-Alfvénic simulation, the magnetic field becomes significantly more tangled, and all observed tracers tend toward no preference for perpendicular or parallel alignment. An observable difference in alignment between optically thin and optically thick tracers may indicate the presence of a dynamically important magnetic field, though there is some degeneracy with viewing angle. We convolve our data with a Gaussian beam and compare it with HRO results of the Vela C molecular cloud. We find good agreement between these results and our sub-Alfvénic simulations when viewed with the magnetic field in the plane-of-the-sky (especially when sensitivity limitations are considered), though the observations are also consistent with an intermediately inclined magnetic field.
description: 18 pages, 13 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Mouvement et origine du calcul infinitésimal : Théorisation du mouvement et infinitésimaux
Creators: name: Ofman, Salomon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: History and Overview (math.HO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In a previous article we gave the general foundations of the theory of movement considered from a philosophical and mathematical point of view. Philosophical it meant to understand the opposition of the one and the multiple, mathematically to consider the opposition between the discreet and the continuous. In this article we want to show how the widespread introduction of mathematics in physics by Galilei leas to a change in the very notion of movement. Conversely, this theorization of the movement is the origin of the elaboration of the infinitesimals, one of the major upheavals in mathematics.
(:unas) unassigned
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Universita' degli Studi di Salerno
Year: 2024

description: Il romanzo L’Écume des jours di Boris Vian si offre come ‘opera palinsesto’ per uno studio sociologico e intermediale. Attraverso un’analisi comparata del testo letterario (1947), del più recente adattamento cinematografico (2013) e del graphic novel (2020) è difatti possibile mettere in luce uno dei temi cardine attorno a cui ruota l’intreccio, ovvero, il lavoro e la critica della civiltà industriale. Sarà la rappresentazione delle varie declinazioni del tema nei tre linguaggi in esame il Leitmotiv del presente saggio che intende, infine, proporre una riflessione epistemologica e teorico-critica sulla ‘letteratura industriale’ tra Italia e Francia.
description: Boris Vian’s novel L’Écume des jours stands as a ‘palimpsest work’ for a sociological and intermedial study. Through a comparative analysis of the literary text (1947), the last film adaptation (2013) and the graphic novel (2020), it is indeed possible to highlight one of the main themes around which the plot revolves, i.e., work and the critique of industrial civilisation. The representation of the various declinations of the theme in the three languages under examination will be the Leitmotiv of this essay, which intends, finally, to propose an epistemological and theoretical-critical reflection on ‘industrial literature’ between Italy and France.
Locally conformal symplectic nilmanifolds with no locally conformal Kähler metrics
Creators: name: Bazzoni, Giovanni
name: Marrero, Juan Carlos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary: 53D05. Secondary: 53C55

description: We obtain an example of a compact locally conformal symplectic nilmanifold which admits no locally conformal Kähler metrics. This gives a new positive answer to a question raised by L. Ornea and M. Verbitsky.
description: 7 pages, no figures. Comments are welcome!
Muscle and Heart Function Restoration in a Limb Girdle Muscular Dystrophy 2I (LGMD2I) Mouse Model by Systemic FKRP Gene Delivery
Creators: name: Dai, Yi
name: Li, Juan
name: Xiao, Bin
name: Qiao, Chunping
name: Zhao, Chunxia
name: Lu, Peijuan
name: Wang, Chi-Hsien
name: Xiao, Xiao
name: Li, Jianbin
name: Lu, Qilong
name: Yuan, Zhenhua
name: Awano, Hiroyuki
name: Martin, Carrie Bette
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Mutations in fukutin-related protein (FKRP) gene cause a wide spectrum of disease phenotypes including the mild limb-girdle muscular dystrophy 2I (LGMD2I), the severe Walker-Warburg syndrome, and muscle-eye-brain disease. FKRP deficiency results in α-dystroglycan (α-DG) hypoglycosylation in the muscle and heart, which is a biochemical hallmark of dystroglycanopathies. To study gene replacement therapy, we generated and characterized a new mouse model of LGMD2I harboring the human mutation leucine 276 to isoleucine (L276I) in the mouse alleles. The homozygous knock-in mice (L276IKI) mimic the classic late onset phenotype of LGMD2I in both skeletal and cardiac muscles. Systemic delivery of human FKRP gene by AAV9 vector in the L276IKI mice, at either neonatal age or at the age of 9 months, rendered body wide FKRP expression and restored glycosylation of α-DG in both skeletal and cardiac muscles. FKRP gene therapy ameliorated dystrophic pathology and cardiomyopathy such as muscle degeneration, fibrosis, and myofiber membrane leakage, resulting in restoration of muscle and heart contractile functions. Thus, these results demonstrated that the treatment based on FKRP gene replacement was effective.
Rotating Taylor-Green Flow
Creators: name: Alexakis, Alexandros
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The steady state of a forced Taylor-Green flow is investigated in a rotating frame of reference. The investigation involves the results of 184 numerical simulations for different Reynolds number $\mathrm{Re}_{_{F}}$ and Rossby number $\mathrm{Ro}_{_F}$. The large number of examined runs allows a systematic study that enables the mapping of the different behaviors observed to the parameter space ($\mathrm{Re}_{_{F}},\mathrm{Ro}_{_{F}}$), and the examination of different limiting procedures for approaching the large $\mathrm{Re}_{_{F}}$ small $\mathrm{Ro}_{_F}$ limit. Four distinctly different states were identified: {\it laminar, intermittent bursts, quasi-2D condensates, and weakly rotating turbulence}. These four different states are separated by power-law boundaries $\mathrm{Ro}_{_F} \propto \mathrm{Re}_{_{F}}^{-γ}$ in the small $\mathrm{Ro}_{_F}$ limit. In this limit, the predictions of asymptotic expansions can be directly compared to the results of the direct numerical simulations. While the first order expansion is in good agreement with the results of the linear stability theory, it fails to reproduce the dynamical behavior of the quasi-2D part of the flow in the nonlinear regime, indicating that higher order terms in the expansion need to be taken in to account. The large number of simulations allows also to investigate the scaling that relates the amplitude of the fluctuations with the energy dissipation rate and the control parameters of the system for the different states of the flow. Different scaling was observed for different states of the flow, that are discussed in detail. The present results clearly demonstrate that the limits small Rossby and large Reynolds do not commute and it is important to specify the order in which they are taken.
Additional file 1 of Psychometric properties of Arabic-translated-related quality of life scales for people with parkinson disease: a scoping review
Creators: name: Azaiez, Chiraz
name: Chalghaf, Naser
name: Tannoubi, Amayra
name: Guelmami, Noomen
name: Srem-Sai, Medina
name: Quansah, Frank
name: Hagan, John Elvis
name: Sneni, Heifa
name: Boussayala, Ghada
name: Ghalmi, Imane
name: Lami, Mazin Inhaier
name: Bragazzi, Nicola Luigi
name: Mandigout, Stephane
name: Ayed, Choukri ben
name: Azaiez, Fairouz
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 1
Artigos Coletados e Seus Metadados
Creators: name: Da Costa Junior, Alfredo Lima
name: Araújo, Fabíola Pantoja Oliveira
name: Da Silva, Karen Sulliany Souza
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: Documento que apresenta os artigos coletados e seus metadados na busca do trabalho Uso da Aprendizagem Tangencial Através de Jogos: Um Mapeamento Sistemático da Literatura 
Parkinson's Disease Gene Therapy: Success by Design Meets Failure by Efficacy
Creators: name: Weinberg, Marc S
name: Samulski, R. Jude
name: Bartus, Raymond T
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Over the past decade, nine gene therapy clinical trials for Parkinson's disease (PD) have been initiated and completed. Starting with considerable optimism at the initiation of each trial, none of the programs has yet borne sufficiently robust clinical efficacy or found a clear path toward regulatory approval. Despite the immediately disappointing nature of the efficacy outcomes in these trials, the clinical data garnered from the individual studies nonetheless represent tangible and significant progress for the gene therapy field. Collectively, the clinical trials demonstrate that we have overcome the major safety hurdles previously suppressing central nervous system (CNS) gene therapy, for none produced any evidence of untoward risk or harm after administration of various vector-delivery systems. More importantly, these studies also demonstrated controlled, highly persistent generation of biologically active proteins targeted to structures deep in the human brain. Therefore, a renewed, focused emphasis must be placed on advancing clinical efficacy by improving clinical trial design, patient selection and outcome measures, developing more predictive animal models to support clinical testing, carefully performing retrospective analyses, and most importantly moving forward—beyond our past limits.
Dalitz plot analysis of D0 --> K0S pi+ pi- decays in a factorization approach
Creators: name: Lesniak, Leonard
name: Dedonder, Jean-Pierre
name: Kaminski, Robert
name: Loiseau, Benoit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A quasi two-body QCD factorization is used to study the D0 --> K0S pi+ pi decays. The presently available high-statistics Dalitz plot data of this process measured by the Belle and BABAR Collaborations are analyzed together with the tau- --> K0S pi- nu_tau decay data. The total experimental branching fraction is also included in the fits which show a very good overall agreement with the experimental Dalitz plot density distributions. The branching fractions of the dominant channels compare well with those of the isobar Belle or BABAR models. We show that the branching fractions corresponding to the annihilation amplitudes are significant.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures, contribution to the 13th International Workshop on Meson Production, Properties and Interaction, Krakow, Poland, 29th May - 3rd June 2014
Very Massive Stars in the Local Universe
Creators: name: Vink, Jorick S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent studies suggest the existence of very massive stars (VMS) up to 300 solar masses in the local Universe. As this finding may represent a paradigm shift for the canonical stellar upper-mass limit of 150 solar masses, it is timely to evaluate the physics specific to VMS, which is currently missing. For this reason, we decided to construct a book entailing both a discussion of the accuracy of VMS masses (Martins), as well as the physics of VMS formation (Krumholz), mass loss (Vink), instabilities (Owocki), evolution (Hirschi), and fate (theory -- Woosley & Heger; observations -- Smith).
description: 8 pages, Introductory Chapter to the Book on Very Massive Stars in the Local Universe, Springer, Ed. Jorick S. Vink
Abrupt Rabi oscillations in a superoscillating electric field
Creators: name: Baranov, D. G.
name: Vinogradov, A. P.
name: Lisyansky, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study counterintuitive dynamics of a two-level system (TLS) interacting with electric field superoscillating in time. We show that a TLS may be excited by an external light pulse whose spectral components are below the absorption line of the TLS. We attribute this unique dynamics to the Rabi oscillations of the TLS in a superoscillating driving field.
description: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1312.6020
Fast transitions of X-ray variability in the black hole transient GX 339--4: comparison with MAXI J1820+070 and MAXI J1348-630
Creators: name: Yang, Zi-Xu
name: Zhang, Liang
name: Zhang, S. N.
name: Méndez, M.
name: García, Federico
name: Huang, Yue
name: Bu, Qingcui
name: Liu, He-Xin
name: Yu, Wei
name: Wang, P. J.
name: Tao, L.
name: Altamirano, D.
name: Qu, Jin-Lu
name: Zhang, S.
name: Ma, X.
name: Song, L. M.
name: Jia, S. M.
name: Ge, M. Y.
name: Liu, Q. Z.
name: Yan, J. Z.
name: Li, T. M.
name: Ren, X. Q.
name: Ma, R. C.
name: Zhang, Yuexin
name: Xu, Y. C.
name: Ma, B. Y.
name: Du, Y. F.
name: Fu, Y. C.
name: Xiao, Y. X.
name: Li, P. P
name: Jin, P.
name: Zhao, S. J.
name: Zhao, Q. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fast transitions between different types of power density spectra (PDS) happening over timescales of several tens of seconds are rare phenomena in black hole X-ray binaries. In this paper, we report a broadband spectral-timing analysis of the fast transitions observed in the 2021 outburst of GX 339-4 using NICER and HXMT observations. We observe transitions between band-limited noise-dominated PDS and type-B quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs), and their rapid appearance or disappearance. We also make a detailed comparison between the fast transitions in GX 339-4 with those seen in MAXI J1820+070 and MAXI J1348--630. By comparing the spectra of the periods with and without type-B QPOs, we find that the spectral ratios above 10 keV are nearly constant or slightly decreasing, and the values are different between sources. Below 10 keV, the flux change of the Comptonization component is inversely proportional to the flux change of the thermal component, suggesting that the appearance of type-B QPOs is associated with a redistribution of the accretion power between the disc and the Comptonizing emission region. The spectral ratios between the periods with type-B QPO and those with broadband noise are significantly different from that with type-B QPO and without type-B QPO, where the ratios (type-B QPO/broadband noise) show a maximum at around 4 keV and then decrease gradually towards high energies. Finally, we discuss the possible change of the geometry of the inner accretion flow and/or jet during the transitions.
Treatment of Type 1 Myotonic Dystrophy by Engineering Site-specific RNA Endonucleases that Target (CUG) n  Repeats
Creators: name: Dong, Shuyun
name: Zhang, Wenjing
name: Choudhury, Rajarshi
name: Wang, Yang
name: Wang, Zefeng
name: Jin, Yongfeng
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) is caused by the expansion of (CTG)n in the 3′ untranslated region of the dystrophia myotonica-protein kinase (DMPK) gene, which is transcribed as (CUG)n repeats that accumulate in the nucleus. The RNA repeats specifically sequester or change the expression levels of several RNA-binding proteins, leading to aberrant splicing of many target genes. In this study, we developed artificial site-specific RNA endonucleases (ASREs) that specifically bind and cleave (CUG)n repeats RNA. We have generated one ASRE that can target the expanded RNA repeats in DM1 patient cells and specifically degrade the pathogenic DMPK messenger RNAs with minimal effect on wild-type alleles. Such ASRE treatment significantly decreased the number of nuclear foci in DM1 patient cells and can reverse the missplicing of many genes affected in DM1 patients. Taken together, the application of ASRE provides a new route of gene therapy for DM1 treatment.
Charmed Pseudoscalar and Vector Mesons: a Comprehensive QCD Sum-Rule View of Their Decay Constants
Creators: name: Lucha, Wolfgang
name: Melikhov, Dmitri
name: Simula, Silvano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In spite of undeniable similarities of the applied techniques, somewhat different challenges are encountered when extracting, from QCD sum rules derived from two-point correlators of appropriate interpolating heavy-light quark currents, the decay constants of charmed mesons of pseudoscalar nature, on the one hand, or of vector nature, on the other hand. This observation justifies a rather careful reassessment of the corresponding results.
description: 5 pages, contributed to "QCD@Work 2014 - International Workshop on Quantum Chromodynamics: Theory and Experiment" (16 - 19 June 2014, Giovinazzo, Bari, Italy)
Octet and Decuplet masses: a covariant three-body Faddeev calculation
Creators: name: Sanchis-Alepuz, Helios
name: Fischer, Christian S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We determine the baryon octet and decuplet masses as well as their wave functions in a covariant three-body Faddeev approach. We work in an approximation where irreducible three-body forces are neglected. In the two-body interactions we take into account a well explored rainbow-ladder kernel as well as flavor dependent meson-exchange terms motivated from the underlying quark-gluon interaction. Without flavor dependent forces we find agreement with the experimental spectrum on the 5-10 percent level. Including the flavor dependent terms on an exploratory level delivers a Sigma/Lambda splitting with the correct sign although the magnitude is still too small.
description: 11 pages, 2 figures
Broadly-specific Cytotoxic T Cells Targeting Multiple HIV Antigens Are Expanded From HIV+ Patients: Implications for Immunotherapy
Creators: name: Cruz, Conrad
name: Rooney, Cliona
name: Bollard, Catherine
name: Castillo-Caro, Paul
name: Margolis, David
name: Kuruc, Joann
name: Archin, Nancie
name: Sung, Julia
name: Lam, Sharon
name: Ngo, Minhtran
name: Garrido, Carolina
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Antiretroviral therapy (ART) is unable to eradicate human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop novel therapies for this disease to augment anti-HIV immunity. T cell therapy is appealing in this regard as T cells have the ability to proliferate, migrate, and their antigen specificity reduces the possibility of off-target effects. However, past human studies in HIV-1 infection that administered T cells with limited specificity failed to provide ART-independent, long-term viral control. In this study, we sought to expand functional, broadly-specific cytotoxic T cells (HXTCs) from HIV-infected patients on suppressive ART as a first step toward developing cellular therapies for implementation in future HIV eradication protocols. Blood samples from seven HIV+ patients on suppressive ART were used to derive HXTCs. Multiantigen specificity was achieved by coculturing T cells with antigen-presenting cells pulsed with peptides representing Gag, Pol, and Nef. All but two lines were multispecific for all three antigens. HXTCs demonstrated efficacy as shown by release of proinflammatory cytokines, specific lysis of antigen-pulsed targets, and the ability to suppress HIV replication in vitro. In conclusion, we are able to generate broadly-specific cytotoxic T cell lines that simultaneously target multiple HIV antigens and show robust antiviral function.
Integral forms for tensor powers of the Virasoro vertex operator algebra $L(\frac{1}{2},0)$ and their modules
Creators: name: McRae, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 17B69 (Primary) 17B68 (Secondary)

description: We construct integral forms containing the conformal vector $ω$ in certain tensor powers of the Virasoro vertex operator algebra $L(\frac{1}{2},0)$, and we construct integral forms in certain modules for these algebras. When a triple of modules for a tensor power of $L(\frac{1}{2},0)$ have integral forms, we classify which intertwining operators among these modules respect the integral forms. As an application, we explore how these results might be used to obtain integral forms in framed vertex operator algebras.
description: 20 pages
Overcoming Insulin Insufficiency by Forced Follistatin Expression in  β -cells of  db/db  Mice
Creators: name: Li, Jianbin
name: Xiao, Xiao
name: Li, Juan
name: Martin, Carrie Bette
name: Wang, Dao Wen
name: Qiao, Chunping
name: Zhao, Chunxia
name: Jiang, Jiangang
name: Tang, Ru-Hang
name: Bulaklak, Karen
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Diabetes poses a substantial burden to society as it can lead to serious complications and premature death. The number of cases continues to increase worldwide. Two major causes of diabetes are insulin resistance and insulin insufficiency. Currently, there are few antidiabetic drugs available that can preserve or protect β-cell function to overcome insulin insufficiency in diabetes. We describe a therapeutic strategy to preserve β-cell function by overexpression of follistatin (FST) using an AAV vector (AAV8-Ins-FST) in diabetic mouse model. Overexpression of FST in the pancreas of db/db mouse increased β-cell islet mass, decreased fasting glucose level, alleviated diabetic symptoms, and essentially doubled lifespan of the treated mice. The observed islet enlargement was attributed to β-cell proliferation as a result of bioneutralization of myostatin and activin by FST. Overall, our study indicates overexpression of FST in the diabetic pancreas preserves β-cell function by promoting β-cell proliferation, opening up a new therapeutic avenue for the treatment of diabetes.
Resolution of the spatial variability in sediment composition within and between water-storage reservoirs using non-parametric statistical techniques
Creators: name: Baldwin, D. S
name: Ford, P
name: Nielsen, D. L
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2023

description: Murray-Darling Freshwater Research Centre

MDFRC item.

Non-parametric statistical techniques, specifically Multi-Dimensional Scaling (MDS), Analysis of Similarity (ANOSIM) and Similarity Percentages (SIMPER) are used to resolve the spatial variability of sediment composition based on major element distribution within and between two reservoirs in adjacent catchments which were to be used as the experimental and control sites in a de-stratification experiment. MDS analysis indicates that sediments separate into four groups, three from one dam and one from the second dam. ANOSIM analysis showed that there was a statistically significant difference between these four groups. SIMPER analysis shows that there is a high, degree of similarity for sites within each of the four groups. In all cases, greater than 60% of the similarity within each group was explained by three elements--Si, Al and Fe. However, the elements responsible for the dissimilarity between groups of sites were more variable.
Discontinuous Galerkin finite element methods for time-dependent Hamilton--Jacobi--Bellman equations with Cordes coefficients
Creators: name: Smears, Iain
name: Süli, Endre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65N30, 65N12, 65N15, 35K10, 35K55, 35D35

description: We propose and analyse a fully-discrete discontinuous Galerkin time-stepping method for parabolic Hamilton--Jacobi--Bellman equations with Cordes coefficients. The method is consistent and unconditionally stable on rather general unstructured meshes and time-partitions. Error bounds are obtained for both rough and regular solutions, and it is shown that for sufficiently smooth solutions, the method is arbitrarily high-order with optimal convergence rates with respect to the mesh size, time-interval length and temporal polynomial degree, and possibly suboptimal by an order and a half in the spatial polynomial degree. Numerical experiments on problems with strongly anisotropic diffusion coefficients and early-time singularities demonstrate the accuracy and computational efficiency of the method, with exponential convergence rates under combined $hp$- and $τq$-refinement.
description: 40 pages, 3 figures, submitted; extended version with supporting appendix
DO CULTURAL RESOURCE LAWS & FEDERAL REGULATIONS ADD CONSTRAINTS TO NATIVE AMERICAN TRUST LAND MANAGEMENT AND TRUST LAND DEVELOPMENT OUTCOMES?
Creators: name: Ferris-George, Wendy
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cultural resources management

description: This research was conducted to evaluate the way cultural resource management laws and federal regulations impact Native American trust land management. Tribal trust land is land that has been set aside for the exclusive use and benefit of a tribe but is owned by the United States. Trust lands were once the aboriginal lands, exclusively controlled and managed by individual tribes through traditional land management practices. Traditional land management is a part of cultural and heritage resource management because the resources promoted by these practices are integral to traditional cultural practices that are repetitious. Current regulatory laws have a negative impact on Native American people by restricting their ability to manage tribal trust land with traditional land management tools, like fire. In addition, these laws cause time delays and economic losses to tribes who are in the process of development for economic purposes. Federal administrative agencies, such as the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA), were established to administer Native American programs as part of the executive branch of government. The BIA is responsible for regulating compliance with federal laws on trust lands. Native American Tribes and their traditional practitioners are challenged by overlapping cultural resource compliance laws and federal regulations. Tribes express that there are social and economic impacts to the people who rely on the land for purposes of religious and economic well-being
The physical origin of super-competitive accretion during the formation of the first supermassive black holes
Creators: name: Schleicher, Dominik R. G.
name: Reinoso, Bastián
name: Klessen, Ralf S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Numerical simulations have shown the occurence of a scenario termed ''super-competitive accretion'', a term that describes a situation where only the central few objects grow supermassive while a larger number of stars compete for the reservoir, with significant accretion flows of $\gtrsim0.1$ M$_\odot$ yr$^{-1}$. This scenario particularly implies that the presence of fragmentation will not necessarily impeed the formation of a central massive object. We here explore this phenomenon using analytical estimates for growth via collisions and accretion, considering accretion due to self-gravity as well as Bondi-Hoyle accretion. Particularly, we explore under what conditions the accretion onto the central massive object breaks down, and derive a criterion that depends on the mass of the most massive object and the mass in fragments. For compact clusters with sizes about $0.1$~pc, we further find that the mass growth by collisions is comparable to the growth via accretion. Our results are validated through the comparison with numerical simulations, and we overall conclude that super-competitive accretion is a valid mechanism for the formation of very massive objects in the early Universe.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
An AAV9 coding for frataxin clearly improved the symptoms and prolonged the life of Friedreich ataxia mouse models
Creators: name: Tremblay, Jacques P
name: Drolet, Marie-Claude
name: Couet, Jacques
name: Gérard, Catherine
name: Filali, Mohammed
name: Li, Juan
name: Arsenault, Marie
name: Xiao, Xiao
name: Chikh, Amina
name: Coulombe, Zoé
name: Chapdelaine, Pierre
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Friedreich ataxia (FRDA) is a genetic disease due to increased repeats of the GAA trinucleotide in intron 1 of the frataxin gene. This mutation leads to a reduced expression of frataxin. We have produced an adeno-associated virus (AAV)9 coding for human frataxin (AAV9-hFXN). This AAV was delivered by intraperitoneal (IP) injection to young conditionally knockout mice in which the frataxin gene had been knocked-out in some tissues during embryogenesis by breeding them with mice expressing the Cre recombinase gene under the muscle creatine kinase (MCK) or the neuron-specific enolase (NSE) promoter. In the first part of the study, different doses of virus were tested from 6 × 1011 v.p. to 6 × 109 v.p. in NSE-cre mice and all leading to an increase in life spent of the mice. The higher and the lower dose were also tested in MCK-cre mice. A single administration of the AAV9-hFXN at 6 × 1011 v.p. more than doubled the life of these mice. In fact the MCK-cre mice treated with the AAV9-hFXN were sacrificed for further molecular investigations at the age of 29 weeks without apparent symptoms. Echography analysis of the heart function clearly indicated that the cardiac systolic function was better preserved in the mice that received 6 × 1011 v.p. of AAV9-hFXN. The human frataxin protein was detected by ELISA in the heart, brain, muscles, kidney, and liver with the higher dose of virus in both mouse models. Thus, gene therapy with an AAV9-hFXN is a potential treatment of FRDA.
Role of bacteria and bacterial exopolymer in the attachment of Achnanthes longipes (Bacillariophyceae)
Creators: name: Gawne, Benjamin
name: Wang, Yan
name: Hoagland, Kyle D
name: Gretz, Michael R
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2023

description: Murray-Darling Freshwater Research Centre

MDFRC item.

The attachment of diatoms to surfaces is an important and poorly understood step in the development of biofouling communities. Experiments were performed in vitro on a common fouling diatom (Achnanthes longipes) to determine the influence of the base material and bacterial conditioning on diatom attachment. The first series of experiments compared attachment of A. longipes to four different base materials, and the influence of a bacterial film on attachment to these materials. A. longipes preferentially attached to polystyrene, a hydrophobic surface, but was inhibited by the presence of a bacterial biofilm. On other surfaces, bacteria either facilitated or had no effect on algal attachment. The second series of experiments found no difference in the attachment of A. longipes to a surface covered with bacterial exopolymer compared to a surface with a film of living bacteria. Attachment of A. longipes was found to vary depending on the conditions under which the bacterial film developed and the species of bacteria within the film. These results help to illustrate the complexity of the relationship between surfaces and attaching organisms and show that bacteria may either facilitate, have no effect or inhibit attachment by diatoms. The mechanisms underlying these patterns require further investigation.
A comparison of AAV strategies distinguishes overlapping vectors for efficient systemic delivery of the 6.2 kb Dysferlin coding sequence
Creators: name: Lostal, William
name: Bourg, Nathalie
name: Richard, Isabelle
name: Hirsch, Matthew L
name: Pryadkina, Marina
name: Roudaut, Carinne
name: Charton, Karine
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) is currently the best vector for gene delivery into the skeletal muscle. However, the 5-kb packaging size of this virus is a major obstacle for large gene transfer. This past decade, many different strategies were developed to circumvent this issue (concatemerization-splicing, overlapping vectors, hybrid dual or fragmented AAV). Loss of function mutations in the DYSF gene whose coding sequence is 6.2kb lead to progressive muscular dystrophies (LGMD2B: OMIM_253601; MM: OMIM_254130; DMAT: OMIM_606768). In this study, we compared large gene transfer techniques to deliver the DYSF gene into the skeletal muscle. After rAAV8s intramuscular injection into dysferlin deficient mice, we showed that the overlap strategy is the most effective approach to reconstitute a full-length messenger. After systemic administration, the level of dysferlin obtained on different muscles corresponded to 0.5- to 2-fold compared to the normal level. We further demonstrated that the overlapping vector set was efficient to correct the histopathology, resistance to eccentric contractions and whole body force in the dysferlin deficient mice. Altogether, these data indicate that using overlapping vectors could be a promising approach for a potential clinical treatment of dysferlinopathies.
Additional file 1 of A psychosocial bouldering intervention improves the well-being of young refugees and adolescents from the host community in Lebanon: results from a pragmatic controlled trial
Creators: name: Luttenberger, Katharina
name: Baggenstos, Beat
name: Najem, Charbel
name: Sifri, Charles
name: Lewczuk, Piotr
name: Radegast, Anne
name: Rosenbaum, Simon
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biotechnology
Cancer
Science Policy
Mental Health

description: Supplementary Material 1.
First Detailed Analysis of a Relatively Deep, Low Mass-ratio Contact Binary: ATO J108.6991+27.8306
Creators: name: Ma, Shuo
name: Liu, Jinzhong
name: Zhang, Yu
name: Lü, Guoliang
name: Wu, Ting
name: He, Chenyang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first detailed photometric analysis of ATO J108.6991+27.8306 (hereinafter as J108). The short-period close binary J108 was observed by the Nanshan 1 m Wide Field Telescope of the Xinjiang Astronomical Observatory. The obtained BVRI-band light curves were used to determine the photometric solution by using the 2003 version of the Wilson-Devinney code. J108 is a typical deep ( f > 50%), low mass ratio (q < 0.25) overcontact binary system with a mass ratio of q = 0.1501 and a fill-out factor of f = 50.1 %, suggesting that it is in the late evolutionary stage of contact binary systems. We found the target to be a W-type W UMa binary and provided evidence for the presence of starspots on both components. From the temperature-luminosity diagram, the main component is the evolved main sequence star with an evolutionary age of about 7.94 Gyr.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures
Generation of a stable packaging cell line producing high-titer PPT-deleted integration-deficient lentiviral vectors
Creators: name: Kafri, Tal
name: Hu, Peirong
name: Li, Yedda
name: Sands, Mark S
name: McCown, Thomas
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: The risk of insertional mutagenesis inherent to all integrating exogenous expression cassettes was the impetus for the development of various integration-defective lentiviral vector (IDLV) systems. These systems were successfully employed in a plethora of preclinical applications, underscoring their clinical potential. However, current production of IDLVs by transient plasmid transfection is not optimal for large-scale production of clinical grade vectors. Here, we describe the development of the first tetracycline-inducible stable IDLV packaging cell line comprising the D64E integrase mutant and the VSV-G envelope protein. A conditional self-inactivating (cSIN) vector and a novel polypurine tract (PPT)-deleted vector were incorporated into the newly developed stable packaging cell line by transduction and stable transfection, respectively. High-titer (~107 infectious units (IU)/ml) cSIN vectors were routinely generated. Furthermore, screening of single-cell clones stably transfected with PPT-deleted vector DNA resulted in the identification of highly efficient producer cell lines generating IDLV titers higher than 108 IU/mL, which upon concentration increased to 1010 IU/ml. IDLVs generated by stable producer lines efficiently transduce CNS tissues of rodents. Overall, the availability of high-titer IDLV lentivirus packaging cell line described here will significantly facilitate IDLV-based basic science research, as well as preclinical and clinical applications.
WEBINAR: Living Lab Essentials & How to set up a Living Lab
Creators: name: Couture, Isabelle
name: Grbović, Vladislava
name: Cavallo, Dolinda
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Soil health
Living Labs
Mission Soil

description: The NATI00NS webinar The Living Lab essentials – how to set up a Living Lab took place on 22 June 2023 10:00 – 11:30 CEST. This first webinar covered all the basic aspects of Living Labs, taking into consideration all land use types and Mission Specific objectives. In particular, speakers explained in detail how to set up a Living Lab, their criteria and essential characteristics as well as how to implement efficient and effective stakeholders’ engagement methodologies and multi-stakeholder partnerships. Watch the recording now