Mycodrosophila hofmanni Junges & Gottschalk & Loreto & Robe 2016, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Junges, João
name: Gottschalk, Marco Silva
name: Loreto, Elgion Lucio da Silva
name: Robe, Lizandra Jaqueline
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Drosophilidae
Mycodrosophila
Mycodrosophila hofmanni

description: Mycodrosophila hofmanni sp. nov.
(Figs. 4A–C, 5A, 6A, 7A–E)
Type material. HOLOTYPE: ♂, labeled “ Brasil, RO. Colorado do Oeste 13 ◦ 00 Ɩ 37.7 ƖƖ S; 60 ◦ 35 Ɩ 24.9 ƖƖ W, Junges, J. col. 5.I.2012 / M. hofmanni sp. nov. Junges, Gottschalk, Loreto and Robe ♂ Holótipo”, post-abdomen disarticulated and the terminalia mounted on slide with Canada balsam. PARATYPES: ♂, labeled “ Brasil, RO. Colorado do Oeste. Zona rural, 13 ◦ 00 Ɩ 37.7 ƖƖ S; 60 ◦ 35 Ɩ 24.9 ƖƖ W, Junges, J. col. 5.I.2012 / M. hofmanni sp. nov. Junges, Gottschalk, Loreto and Robe ♂ Parátipo ”, post-abdomen disarticulated and the terminalia mounted on slide with Canada balsam; male, slide with terminalia labeled “ Brasil, RO. Colorado do Oeste. Zona rural, 13 ◦ 00 Ɩ 37.7 ƖƖ S; 60 ◦ 35 Ɩ 24.9 ƖƖ W, Junges, J. col. 5.I.2012 / M. hofmanni sp. nov. Junges, Gottschalk, Loreto and Robe ♂ Parátipo” (GenBank accession number KC987477).
Type locality: Amazonian forest fragment, Colorado do Oeste city, Rondonia State, Brazil (13 ◦ 00 Ɩ 37.7 ƖƖ S; 60 ◦ 35 Ɩ 24.9 ƖƖ W).
Diagnosis: Main color dark brown. Thorax with dorsal region dark brown and pleura pale yellowish (Fig. 4A and B). Abdomen with dark brown bands covering tergites 2–5, tergite 2 with a pale central area backward projected centrally, tergite 5 with the dark band covering only the posterior margin, with a slight central and anterior projection, and tergite 6 with a central longitudinal stripe (Fig. 5A). Wing bearing two clouded bands extending dorso-ventrally below to each costal vein breaks (Fig. 6A), similar to M. projectans. Aedeagus projected anteriorly with apical region bifurcated and jagged (Fig. 7C–E).
Male description
Head (Fig. 4C): Frons dark brown. Frontal length = 0.24 mm (0.21–0.25 mm); frontal index = 0.81 (0.86–0.91); frontal tapering ratio = 1.18 (1.13–1.22), length ratio of orbital setae: or2/or1 = 0.16, or2/or3 = 0.33, or1/or3 = 1.00; vertical setae broken; ocellar triangle yellowish about 32% (30–33%) of frontal length. Facial carina proeminent and nose like. Antennae brown, aristae with 4 dorsal and 1 ventral branches plus terminal fork, flagellomere I width to length ratio = 0.90 (0.87–0.93). Palpi dark brown. Red eyes without pile. Genae brown, vibrissal index = 0.60 (0.45–0.75); cheek index = 5.47 (4.43–7.00); eye index = 1.11 (1.07–1.15).
Thorax (Fig. 4A–B): Main color dark brown. Length: 0.67 mm (0.62–0.70 mm), width: 0.54 mm (0.50–0.57 mm). Eight irregular rows of acrostichals, anterior pair of dorsocentral setae absent, distance between posterior dorsocentral = 0.26 mm (0.22–0.30 mm); no prescutellar setae. Scutellum dark brown. Basal scutellar setae convergent. Scut index = 0.54 (0.45–0.64); scut position index = 0.61 (0.50–0.70). Two prominent katepisternal setae. Sterno index = 0.54 (0.45–0.63). Pleurae brownish yellow. Halter dark brown. Legs yellowish.
Wing (Fig. 6A): Yellowish with dark yellow veins, bearing two clouded bands extending dorso-ventrally below each costal vein breaks. Length = 1.53 mm (1.50–1.57 mm). Indices: wing index = 2.27 (2.17–2.33); C = 0.90 (0.88–0.92); ac = 5.95 (5.40–6.25); 4v = 2.04 (1.52–2.38); 5x = 1.85 (1.55–2.00); 4C = 1.79 (1.31–2.15); M = 0.51 (0.42–0.70); hb = 0.63 (0.60–0.66); prox. x = 0.56 (0.42–0.69).
Abdomen (Fig.5A): Tergites 2–5 with dark brown bands. Tergite 2 with the pale area occupying almost half of the anterior margin, with a backward central projection. Tergite 5 with the band covering only the posterior margin and containing a slight central projection. Tergite 6 bearing one central longitudinal strip.
Body length: 1.51 mm (1.50–1.55 mm).
Terminalia (Fig. 7): Epandrium microtrichose with 5 upper bristles, ventral lobe not microtrichose with 7 large bristles. Cerci microtrichose bearing large bristles, not fused to epandrium. Decasternum as in Fig. 7A. Surstyli with 12–13 prensisetae, 2–3 inner and 3–4 outer setae. Hypandrium (Fig.7B) in an arc. Gonopods large, fused to hypandrium and containing short piles and one seta. Aedeagus (Fig. 7C–E) projected anteriorly, with the apical region bifurcated and jagged, internal margin of the aedeagus with rows of tiny setae. Aedeagal apodeme flattened laterally and shorter than aedeagus. Ventral rod projected anteriorly and fused with the posteromedian margin of the hypandrium. Paraphyses microtrichose, fused to the gonopods and containing three inner setulae.
Female unknown.
Etymology: The epithet is a genitive patronym to honor the Brazilian Drosophilist Paulo Roberto Petersen Hofmann, from Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina.
Geographic distribution: M. hofmanni sp. nov. was sampled in two fragmented areas from Brazilian Amazon Forest in Colorado do Oeste city, Rondônia (RO) (13 ◦ 00 Ɩ 37.7 ƖƖ S; 60 ◦ 35 Ɩ 24.9 ƖƖ W) (Fig. 8).
Ecological notes: The records are restricted to the type locality, and the type series specimens were collected flying over mushrooms of Mycena sp. (Agaricales, Mycenaceae) (Fig. 1).
description: Published as part of Junges, João, Gottschalk, Marco Silva, Loreto, Elgion Lucio da Silva & Robe, Lizandra Jaqueline, 2016, Two new species of Mycodrosophila (Diptera, Drosophilidae) proposed by molecular and morphological approaches, with a key to American species, pp. 30-39 in Revista Brasileira de Entomologia (Rev. Bras. Entomol.) (Rev. Bras. Entomol.) 60 (1) on pages 33-36, DOI: 10.1016/j.rbe.2015.11.008, http://zenodo.org/record/10664727