cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Non-targeted analysis of placentas from preeclamptic patients identifies links to acetaminophen and molecular alterations relevant to cell death
Creators: name: Celeste Carberry
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2020

description: Preeclampsia is a serious pregnancy disorder that is thought to result from the dysregulation of placental function and can be detrimental to both the mother and developing fetus. Preeclampsia impacts up to 8% of all pregnancies worldwide, yet the factors contributing to the development of this disease remain largely unknown. This study set out to test the hypothesis that understudied xenobiotic chemicals are capable of reaching the human placenta and disrupting critical pathways relevant to placental cell health and preeclampsia. Placentas from a previously established cohort of patients with normotensive and preeclamptic pregnancies were analyzed using non-targeted approaches to identify unknown molecular features. A total of 29 molecular features that represent 27 unique chemicals were statistically associated with preeclampsia disease status. One of the identified chemicals showing the largest increase in concentration was acetaminophen. Concentrations of acetaminophen were found to be associated with altered expression of 27 genes and 57 miRNAs and altered methylation status of 18 genes relevant to preeclampsia among the same samples. Acetaminophen-associated genes showed enrichment for cell compromise and death-related signaling, which were further characterized through in vitro testing with immortalized trophoblasts. This research provides novel evidence towards characterizing chemicals in the placental and identified APAP as one of the most significantly associated compounds related to preeclampsia. Mechanistic findings showed changes in signaling relevant to placental cell damage and death that may be relevant to preeclampsia etiology and support the need for further investigation.
(102560) Edith Eleanor King
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
title: An improvement of signal-to- noise ratio for phase image
Creators: name: Ikemitsu, Natsuki
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: MR physics
subject: Computer applications
subject: Contrast agents
subject: MR
subject: Experimental investigations
subject: Computer Applications-General
subject: Physics
subject: Biological effects

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Transverse relaxation time ( T 2 ) is a time constant which includes only nuclear-nuclear interactions. T 2 * is a time constant including nuclear-nuclear interactions and static magnetic field ( B 0 ) inhomogeneity, which is affected by...
The Effects of Race-Related Factors on Social Cognition in Black Women
Creators: name: Winterich-Knox, Emily
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2020

description: Social cognition, the ability to perceive, interpret, and process information in social interactions, is an important predictor of functional outcomes in individuals with schizophrenia (Green et al., 2015; Halverson et al., 2019). Past studies have found differences across race in social cognition
tasks in both clinical and non-clinical populations, highlighting a need to assess contextual and individual race-related factors behind this discrepancy (Nagendra et al., 2018; Pinkham et al., 2008, 2017). The Challenge and Threat model provides a framework to understand how multiple race-related factors interact to impact physiological and psychological response to social cognitive tasks. Specifically, we hypothesized that experimenter race and level of perceived
discrimination would impact social cognitive performance, in that participants with higher perceived discrimination and who were tested by White experimenters would have the most inhibited performance. Forty eight Black women were assessed with a battery of social cognitive
tasks while continuous physiological data was collected. A multi-level regression was conducted to assess main and interaction effects of experimenter race and perceived discrimination on
social cognitive performance, as well as correlations to assess underlying physiological responses to the tasks. However, the results did not support the hypotheses. Future research should assess other race-related factors under the Challenge and Threat model to advance understanding on racial disparities in social cognitive tasks.
Disentangling the excitation conditions of the dense gas in M17 SW
Creators: name: Pérez-Beaupuits, J. P.
name: Güsten, R.
name: Spaans, M.
name: Ossenkopf, V.
name: Menten, K. M.
name: Requena-Torres, M. A.
name: Wiesemeyer, H.
name: Stutzki, J.
name: Guevara, C.
name: Simon, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We probe the chemical and energetic conditions in dense gas created by radiative feedback through observations of multiple CO, HCN and HCO$^+$ transitions toward the dense core of M17 SW. We used the dual band receiver GREAT on board the SOFIA airborne telescope to obtain maps of the $J=16-15$, $J=12-11$, and $J=11-10$ transitions of $^{12}$CO. We compare these maps with corresponding APEX and IRAM 30m telescope data for low- and mid-$J$ CO, HCN and HCO$^+$ emission lines, including maps of the HCN $J=8-7$ and HCO$^+$ $J=9-8$ transitions. The excitation conditions of $^{12}$CO, HCO$^+$ and HCN are estimated with a two-phase non-LTE radiative transfer model of the line spectral energy distributions (LSEDs) at four selected positions. The energy balance at these positions is also studied. We obtained extensive LSEDs for the CO, HCN and HCO$^+$ molecules toward M17 SW. The LSED shape, particularly the high-$J$ tail of the CO lines observed with SOFIA/GREAT, is distinctive for the underlying excitation conditions. The critical magnetic field criterion implies that the cold cloudlets at two positions are partially controlled by processes that create and dissipate internal motions. Supersonic but sub-Alfvénic velocities in the cold component at most selected positions indicates that internal motions are likely MHD waves. Magnetic pressure dominates thermal pressure in both gas components at all selected positions, assuming random orientation of the magnetic field. The magnetic pressure of a constant magnetic field throughout all the gas phases can support the total internal pressure of the cold components, but it cannot support the internal pressure of the warm components. If the magnetic field scales as $B \propto n^{2/3}$, then the evolution of the cold cloudlets at two selected positions, and the warm cloudlets at all selected positions, will be determined by ambipolar diffusion.
description: 26 pages, 13 figures, A&A accepted
title: Spectrum of Magnetic Resonance Imaging findings of CNS tuberculosis with varied manifestations and complications
Creators: name: Shirsath, Raunaklaxmi
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: CNS
subject: MR
subject: MR-Spectroscopy
subject: Education
subject: Complications
subject: Infection

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To identify and describe the various typical and atypical imaging findings of CNS (Central nervous system) tuberculosis (TB) on MRI (Magnetic resonance imaging). To differentiate these findings of CNS Tuberculosis from most common differentials with...
Diabetes, cognitive decline, and mild cognitive impairment among diverse Hispanics/ Latinos: Study of Latinos–Investigation of neurocognitive aging results (HCHS/SOL)
Creators: name: Talavera, G.A.
name: Tarraf, W.
name: Daviglus, M.L.
name: Lipton, R.B.
name: Lamar, M.
name: Schneiderman, N.
name: Ramos, A.R.
name: Cai, J.
name: Zeng, D.
name: DeCarli, C.
name: González, H.M.
name: Fornage, M.
name: Gallo, L.C.
name: Kaplan, R.
name: González, K.A.
Publisher: name: American Diabetes Association Inc.
Year: 2020

description: OBJECTIVE Hispanics/Latinos are the largest ethnic/racial group in the U.S., have the highest prevalence of diabetes, and are at increased risk for neurodegenerative disorders. Currently, little is known about the relationship between diabetes and cognitive decline and disorders among diverse Hispanics/Latinos. The purpose of this study is to clarify these relationships in diverse middle-aged and older Hispanics/Latinos. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS The Study of Latinos–Investigation of Neurocognitive Aging (SOL-INCA) is an ancillary study of the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL). HCHS/ SOL is a multisite (Bronx, NY; Chicago, IL; Miami, FL; and San Diego, CA), probability-sampled (i.e., representative of targeted populations), and prospective cohort study. Between 2016 and 2018, SOL-INCA enrolled diverse Hispanics/Latinos aged ‡50 years (n 5 6,377). Global cognitive decline and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) were the primary outcomes. RESULTS Prevalent diabetes at visit 1, but not incident diabetes at visit 2, was associated with significantly steeper global cognitive decline (bGC 5 20.16 [95% CI 20.25; 20.07]; P < 0.001), domain-specific cognitive decline, and higher odds of MCI (odds ratio 1.74 [95% CI 1.34; 2.26]; P < 0.001) compared with no diabetes in age- and sex-adjusted models. CONCLUSIONS Diabetes was associated with cognitive decline and increased MCI prevalence among diverse Hispanics/Latinos, primarily among those with prevalent diabetes at visit 1. Our findings suggest that significant cognitive decline and MCI may be considered additional disease complications of diabetes among diverse middle-aged and older Hispanics/Latinos.
(102557) Albert Frederick Parks
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
High-throughput screen reveals novel resistance mechanisms of Bruton’s Tyrosine Kinase to targeted therapeutics
Creators: name: Desautelle, Joseph Edward
name: 0000-0001-9965-1185
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2021
Subjects: Bruton's Tyrosine Kinase
Acquired resistance
Tyrosine kinase inhibitor
Next-generation sequencing
High-throughput screen

description: Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are a burgeoning class of therapeutics that has revolutionized the treatment of leukemias and lymphomas. These small molecules potently antagonize the tyrosine kinases involved in malignant signal transduction pathways while leaving innocuous pathways intact. While these TKI’s often elicit remarkable responses in patients, these drugs are not curative and treatment must be continued indefinitely. This extended treatment selects for cells harboring mutations within the targeted kinase that confer inhibitor resistance. Acquisition of these resistance mutations results in rapid disease progression and necessitates immediate alterations in treatment. Bruton’s Tyrosine Kinase (BTK) inhibitors are the newest blockbuster TKI’s adopted in the clinic. The relatively recent adoption of BTK inhibitors, shortcomings in sequencing relapse patients, and the difficulty parsing genuine inhibitor resistance mutations from innocuous mutations has led to a dearth in our understanding of BTK inhibitor resistance. This gap in knowledge complicates treatment triage following relapse. In order to expand the catalog of known BTK inhibitor resistance conferring mutations, we have applied an activity based high-throughput assessment to test BTK variants for sensitivity to TKIs. This technique identified known resistance conferring mutations along with additional novel mutations not yet reported to the two most widely used BTK inhibitors: ibrutinib and acalabrutinib. Rigorous biochemical characterization of these novel BTK variants identified in our screen revealed a new class of resistance mutations that are distal from the inhibitor-BTK interface. We envision our work will provide valuable context to oncologists designing new treatment regimens for patients that progress on BTK inhibitor therapy as well as help inform chemical biologists developing next-generation BTK inhibitors to target different conformations of BTK.
Matched Learning for Optimizing Individualized Treatment Strategies Using Electronic Health Records
Creators: name: Wu, P.
name: Wang, Y.
name: Zeng, D.
Publisher: name: American Statistical Association
Year: 2020

description: Current guidelines for treatment decision making largely rely on data from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) studying average treatment effects. They may be inadequate to make individualized treatment decisions in real-world settings. Large-scale electronic health records (EHR) provide opportunities to fulfill the goals of personalized medicine and learn individualized treatment rules (ITRs) depending on patient-specific characteristics from real-world patient data. In this work, we tackle challenges with EHRs and propose a machine learning approach based on matching (M-learning) to estimate optimal ITRs from EHRs. This new learning method performs matching instead of inverse probability weighting as commonly used in many existing methods for estimating ITRs to more accurately assess individuals’ treatment responses to alternative treatments and alleviate confounding. Matching-based value functions are proposed to compare matched pairs under a unified framework, where various types of outcomes for measuring treatment response (including continuous, ordinal, and discrete outcomes) can easily be accommodated. We establish the Fisher consistency and convergence rate of M-learning. Through extensive simulation studies, we show that M-learning outperforms existing methods when propensity scores are misspecified or when unmeasured confounders are present in certain scenarios. Lastly, we apply M-learning to estimate optimal personalized second-line treatments for type 2 diabetes patients to achieve better glycemic control or reduce major complications using EHRs from New York Presbyterian Hospital. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.
title: Differences in iodine density values using dual energy CT in patients with acute pancreatitis compared to patients with healthy pancreas.
Creators: name: Utrera, Elena
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Acute
subject: Inflammation
subject: Computer Applications-Detection, diagnosis
subject: CT
subject: Abdomen

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: INTRODUCTION: Acute pancreatitis is a reversible inflammatory process of the pancreas that, at the end, leadsto an inappropriate activation of trypsinogen in trypsin, conditioning a deficiency of trypsin removal from the gland [1]. This produces an...
Associations between perceived neighborhood environment and cognitive function among middle-aged and older women and men: Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos Sociocultural Ancillary Study
Creators: name: Vu, T.-H.T.
name: González, H.M.
name: Perreira, K.M.
name: Tarraf, W.
name: Gallo, L.C.
name: Sachdeva, S.
name: Vasquez, E.
name: Estrella, M.L.
name: Zeng, D.
name: Llabre, M.M.
name: Lamar, M.
name: Durazo-Arvizu, R.A.
name: Isasi, C.R.
name: Daviglus, M.L.
Publisher: name: Springer
Year: 2020

description: Purpose: To examine cross-sectional associations between perceived neighborhood environment and cognitive function among middle-aged and older Hispanic/Latino women and men. Methods: Data from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (2008–2011) and its Sociocultural Ancillary Study (2009–2010) were used. Participants were Hispanic/Latino women (n = 1812) and men (n = 1034) aged 45–74 years. Survey-weighted linear regression models were used to examine associations between self-reported perceived neighborhood environment (i.e., neighborhood social cohesion and problems categorized as quintiles, and neighborhood safety from crime categorized as low, medium, or high) with cognitive function (i.e., global cognition, verbal learning, memory, verbal fluency, and processing speed scores) in women and men. Final model adjusted for age, Hispanic/Latino background, language, field site, household income, education, years lived in neighborhood, and depressive symptoms. Results: Women in the lowest quintile of perceived neighborhood problems (vs. highest quintile) had higher global cognition (β 0.48, 95% CI 0.03, 0.94, p trend 0.229) and memory scores (0.60, 95% CI 0.11, 1.09, p trend: 0.060). Women in the highest quintile of perceived neighborhood social cohesion (vs. lowest quintile) had lower global cognition (β − 0.56, 95% CI − 1.02, − 0.09, p trend 0.004), verbal learning (B − 1.01, 95% CI − 2.00, − 0.03, p trend 0.015), verbal fluency (B − 2.00, 95% CI − 3.83, − 0.16, p trend 0.006), and processing speed (B − 2.11, 95% CI − 3.87, − 0.36, p trend 0.009). There was no association between perceived neighborhood safety from crime and cognition among women, or between any perceived neighborhood environment measure and cognition among men. Conclusions: Middle-aged and older Hispanic/Latina women living in neighborhoods with the lowest perceived problems had higher global cognition and memory. Women living in neighborhoods with the highest perceived social cohesion had lower global cognition, verbal learning, verbal fluency, and processing speed.
On the Role of Transmit Correlation Diversity in Multiuser MIMO Systems
Creators: name: Nam, Junyoung
name: Caire, Giuseppe
name: Ko, Young-Jo
name: Ha, Jeongseok
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Correlation across transmit antennas, in multiple antenna systems (MIMO), has been studied in various scenarios and has been shown to be detrimental or provide benefits depending on the particular system and underlying assumptions. In this paper, we investigate the effect of transmit correlation on the capacity of the Gaussian MIMO broadcast channel (BC), with a particular interest in the large-scale array (or massive MIMO) regime. To this end, we introduce a new type of diversity, referred to as transmit correlation diversity, which captures the fact that the channel vectors of different users may have different, and often nearly mutually orthogonal, large-scale channel eigen-directions. In particular, when taking the cost of downlink training properly into account, transmit correlation diversity can yield significant capacity gains in all regimes of interest. Our analysis shows that the system multiplexing gain can be increased by a factor up to $\lfloor{M}/{r}\rfloor$, where $M$ is the number of antennas and $r\le M$ is the common rank of the users transmit correlation matrices, with respect to standard schemes that are agnostic of the transmit correlation and treat the channels as if they were isotropically distributed. Thus, this new form of diversity reveals itself as a valuable "new resource" in multiuser communications.
description: 38 pages, 8 figures, submitted to IEEE Transaction on Information Theory. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1401.7114
title: Elastofibroma Dorsi: a ‘don’t touch’ lesion with classic imaging characteristics.
Creators: name: Billington, Karen
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Musculoskeletal soft tissue
subject: Interventional non-vascular
subject: Soft tissues / Skin
subject: Ultrasound
subject: MR
subject: PET-CT
subject: Biopsy
subject: Education
subject: Neoplasia
subject: Tissue characterisation

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: The purpose of our educational exhibit is to: 1. To describe and review the imaging characteristics of elastofibroma across a variety of imaging modalities. 2. To demonstrate the consistency of its appearance across multiple patient cases. 3. To...
MPEC 2024-R180 : 2024 RD7
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2024 RD7

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
The Usandawe Petroglyphs: New Perspectives on Tanzania's Rock Art Archive
Creators: name: Knisley, Matthew
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Languages of Tanzania
Tanzanian Rift Valley
Sandawe
rock art
authorship
petroglyphs
archaeology

description: This talk examines six petroglyph (rock engraving) sites in the Sandawe homeland of north-central Tanzania, four of which are newly described here and two of which have been relocated and reassessed. In contrast to its abundant and well documented pictographs (rock paintings), Tanzania’s petroglyphs are characterized as exceedingly rare and understudied. A literature review indicates that Tanzania has more recorded petroglyph sites than its neighbors in eastern Africa (and, indeed, many nations of sub-Saharan Africa). When Tanzania’s petroglyphs are contextualized in relation to both the broader petroglyphic archive of eastern Africa and their immediate material and cultural milieu, a number of patterns emerge that sit uneasily with the regional historiography. As one example, stylistic and contextual evidence suggests links between central Tanzania and the Lake Victoria basin, which have previously been considered to form discrete rock art zones indicative of distinct forager populations. I then consider how the orientation toward authorship in African rock art studies works with and against landscape approaches that seek evidence of the reuse and resignification of meaningful places through time. Although a number of challenges remain concerning the temporal and spatial resolution of eastern Africa’s petroglyphs, they nonetheless offer another route through which to build upon the linguistic work of the Rift Valley Network to investigate landscapes of interaction and exchange.
description: -Note: This talk has not gone through a process of peer review, and findings should therefore be treated as preliminary and subject to change. -Acknowledgement and citation: Knisley, Matthew. 2023. The Usandawe Petroglyphs: New Perspectives on Tanzania's Rock Art Archive. Talk Given at Rift Valley Webinar Series 25/01/2023.
Dynamic correlations with time dependent quantum Monte Carlo
Creators: name: Christov, Ivan P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we solve quantum many-body problem by propagating ensembles of trajectories and guiding waves in physical space. We introduce the 'effective potential' correction within the recently proposed time-dependent quantum Monte Carlo methodology to incorporate the nonlocal quantum correlation effects between the electrons. The associated correlation length is calculated by adaptive kernel density estimation over the walker distribution. The general formalism is developed and tested on one-dimensional Helium atom in laser field of different intensity and carrier frequency. Good agreement with exact results for the atomic ionization is obtained.
Modeling Solar Coronal Cavities in a Pseudostreamer
Creators: name: Schilling, Catherine
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Solar coronal streamers
Solar filaments
Solar magnetic fields

description: Pseudostreamers, also known as unipolar streamers, are common large-scale global coronal structures that usually embed an even number of filament cavities and separate coronal holes of the same polarity. Unstable pseudostreamers can result in filament eruptions and coronal mass ejections (CMEs). We study the relation between pseudostreamer magnetic properties and instability. In this work, we present a magnetic configuration of a pseudostreamer observed on 2016 May 25 on the northeastern limb of the Sun. We utilize the Coronal Modeling System (CMS) to construct nonlinear force-free field (NLFFF) models based on line-of-sight photospheric magnetograms from the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO)’s Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager (HMI). We insert flux ropes into both lobes of the pseudostreamer: north flux rope (NFR) and south flux rope (SFR), which are determined by following the path of filaments observed in SDO/Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) 193Å observations. We build a set of models, each with different choices of axial and poloidal fluxes, to better understand the effect that these fluxes have on instability. We use magnetofrictional (MF) relaxation to drive the magnetic field toward a force-free state where the current is parallel to the magnetic field. The best-fit model is selected from the stable models by comparing cavity location and size and by overlaying closed and open magnetic field lines to AIA images. This work is supported by NSF-REU Solar Physics program, grant number AGS-1850750, and by NASA grant 80NSSC20K1445 to the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory.
Media and Climate Change Observatory Special Issue 2022: A Review of Media Coverage of Climate Change and Global Warming in 2022
Creators: name: Nacu-Schmidt, Ami
name: Katzung, Jennifer
name: Fernández-Reyes, Rogelio
name: Boykoff, Max
name: Pearman, Olivia
Publisher: name: University of Colorado Boulder
Year: 2023

description: 2022 was a year to remember. 2022 was a year that gave popular attention to terms like ‘awesomesauce’, ‘omicron’, and ‘permacrisis’. 2022 was a year when terms like ‘metaverse’ and ‘gaslighting’, along with phrases such as ‘quiet quitting’ and ‘goblin mode’, spiked in everyday parlance. And, 2022 was one punctuated by intersecting political, economic, scientific, cultural, as well as ecological and meteorological themed climate change and global warming stories.
The AURORA Study: a longitudinal, multimodal library of brain biology and function after traumatic stress exposure
Creators: name: McLean, S.A.
name: Binder, E.
name: Miller, M.W.
name: McGrath, M.E.
name: Jones, C.W.
name: Murty, V.P.
name: Mohiuddin, K.
name: Fromer, M.
name: Elliott, J.M.
name: Storrow, A.
name: Rauch, S.L.
name: Barch, D.M.
name: Zaslavsky, A.M.
name: Beaudoin, F.
name: Chang, A.M.
name: Swor, R.
name: Basu, A.
name: Dagum, P.
name: Bollen, K.A.
name: Neylan, T.
name: Domeier, R.
name: Hendry, P.
name: Pizzagalli, D.A.
name: Pietrzak, R.H.
name: Pace, T.W.W.
name: Onnela, J.-P.
name: Fermann, G.J.
name: van Rooij, S.J.H.
name: Dougherty, R.F.
name: An, X.
name: Pascual, J.L.
name: Gaynes, B.N.
name: Jovanovic, T.
name: Harte, S.E.
name: House, S.
name: Peacock, W.F.
name: Koenen, K.C.
name: Ressler, K.
name: Diercks, D.
name: Insel, T.R.
name: Stevens, J.S.
name: Seamon, M.J.
name: Musey, P.
name: Sanchez, L.D.
name: Smoller, J.W.
name: Kurz, M.C.
name: Kessler, R.
name: Bruce, S.E.
name: Haran, J.P.
name: Clifford, G.D.
name: Linnstaedt, S.
name: Germine, L.
name: Parlikar, T.
name: Luna, B.
name: Young, L.J.
name: Zeng, D.
name: Sheridan, J.F.
name: Lebois, L.A.M.
name: Lewandowski, C.
name: Rathlev, N.
name: Buysse, D.J.
name: Hudak, L.A.
name: Peak, D.A.
name: Sergot, P.
name: Pearson, C.
name: Datner, E.
name: Joormann, J.
name: Gentile, N.
Publisher: name: Springer Nature
Year: 2020

description: Adverse posttraumatic neuropsychiatric sequelae (APNS) are common among civilian trauma survivors and military veterans. These APNS, as traditionally classified, include posttraumatic stress, postconcussion syndrome, depression, and regional or widespread pain. Traditional classifications have come to hamper scientific progress because they artificially fragment APNS into siloed, syndromic diagnoses unmoored to discrete components of brain functioning and studied in isolation. These limitations in classification and ontology slow the discovery of pathophysiologic mechanisms, biobehavioral markers, risk prediction tools, and preventive/treatment interventions. Progress in overcoming these limitations has been challenging because such progress would require studies that both evaluate a broad spectrum of posttraumatic sequelae (to overcome fragmentation) and also perform in-depth biobehavioral evaluation (to index sequelae to domains of brain function). This article summarizes the methods of the Advancing Understanding of RecOvery afteR traumA (AURORA) Study. AURORA conducts a large-scale (n = 5000 target sample) in-depth assessment of APNS development using a state-of-the-art battery of self-report, neurocognitive, physiologic, digital phenotyping, psychophysical, neuroimaging, and genomic assessments, beginning in the early aftermath of trauma and continuing for 1 year. The goals of AURORA are to achieve improved phenotypes, prediction tools, and understanding of molecular mechanisms to inform the future development and testing of preventive and treatment interventions.
(102558) Henry Thomas Parks
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
(102559) Amy Adelaide Burton
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Global Hypoellipticity for First-Order Operators on Closed Smooth Manifolds
Creators: name: Silva, Fernando de Ávila
name: Kirilov, Alexandre
name: Gramchev, Todor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35F05, 35S05, 58J40

description: The main goal of this paper is to address global hypoellipticity issues for the following class of operators: $L = D_t + C(t,x,D_x)$, where $(t,x) \in \mathbb{T} \times M$, $\mathbb{T}$ is the one-dimensional torus, $M$ is a closed manifold and $C(t,x,D_x)$ is a first order pseudo-differential operator on $M$, smoothly depending on the periodic variable $t$. In the case of separation of variables, namely, $C(t,x,D_x) = a(t)p(x,D_x)+ib(t)q(x,D_x)$, we give necessary and sufficient conditions for the global hypoellipticity of $L$. In particular, we show that, under suitable conditions, the famous (P) condition of Niremberg-Treves is neither necessary nor sufficient to guarantee the global hypoellipticity of $L$.
description: 53 pages; updated version (fixed typos and new references, resized to fit on fewer pages) to appear in J. Anal. Math
(102555) Jane Bower
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Constructing disease onset signatures using multi-dimensional network-structured biomarkers
Creators: name: Marder, K.
name: Zeng, D.
name: Li, X.
name: Wang, Y.
Publisher: name: Oxford University Press
Year: 2020

description: Potential disease-modifying therapies for neurodegenerative disorders need to be introduced prior to the symptomatic stage in order to be effective. However, current diagnosis of neurological disorders mostly rely on measurements of clinical symptoms and thus only identify symptomatic subjects in their late disease course. Thus, it is of interest to select and integrate biomarkers that may reflect early disease-related pathological changes for earlier diagnosis and recruiting pre-sypmtomatic subjects in a prevention clinical trial.Two sources of biological information are relevant to the construction of biomarker signatures for time to disease onset that is subject to right censoring. First, biomarkers' effects on disease onset may vary with a subject's baseline disease stage indicated by a particular marker. Second, biomarkers may be connected through networks, and their effects on disease may be informed by this network structure. To leverage these information, we propose a varying-coefficient hazards model to induce double smoothness over the dimension of the disease stage and over the space of network-structured biomarkers. The distinctive feature of the model is a non-parametric effect that captures non-linear change according to the disease stage and similarity among the effects of linked biomarkers. For estimation and feature selection, we use kernel smoothing of a regularized local partial likelihood and derive an efficient algorithm. Numeric simulations demonstrate significant improvements over existing methods in performance and computational efficiency. Finally, the methods are applied to our motivating study, a recently completed study of Huntington's disease (HD), where structural brain imaging measures are used to inform age-at-onset of HD and assist clinical trial design. The analysis offers new insights on the structural network signatures for premanifest HD subjects.
Mission Analysis For the Ion Beam Deflection of Fictitious Asteroid 2015PDC
Creators: name: Bombardelli, Claudio
name: Amato, Davide
name: Cano, Juan Luis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A realistic mission scenario for the deflection of fictitious asteroid 2015PDC is investigated that makes use of the ion beam shepherd concept as primary deflection technique. The article deals with the design of a low thrust rendezvous trajectory to the asteroid, the estimation of the propagated covariance ellipsoid and the outcome of a slow-push deflection starting from three worst case scenarios (impacts in New Delhi, Dhaka and Teheran). Displacing the impact point towards very low populated areas, as opposed to full deflection, is found to be the simplest and most effective mitigation approach. Mission design, technical and political aspects are discussed.
description: 19 pages, 19 figures, presented at the 2015 Planetary Defence Conference
Association of insulin resistance, from mid-life to late-life, with aortic stiffness in late-life: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study
Creators: name: Poon, A.K.
name: Rosamond, W.
name: Tanaka, H.
name: Pankow, J.
name: Meyer, M.L.
name: Knowles, J.W.
name: Zeng, D.
name: Loehr, L.
name: Selvin, E.
name: Heiss, G.
Publisher: name: BioMed Central Ltd.
Year: 2020

description: Background: Insulin resistance may contribute to aortic stiffening that leads to end-organ damage. We examined the cross-sectional association and prospective association of insulin resistance and aortic stiffness in older adults without diabetes. Methods: We analyzed 2571 men and women at Visit 5 (in 2011-2013), and 2350 men and women at repeat examinations from baseline at Visit 1 (in 1987-1989) to Visit 5 (in 2011-2013). Linear regression was used to estimate the difference in aortic stiffness per standard unit of HOMA-IR, TG/HDL-C, and TyG at Visit 5. Linear mixed effects were used to assess if high, as opposed to non-high, aortic stiffness (> 75th percentile) was preceded by a faster annual rate of change in log-HOMA-IR, log-TG/HDL-C, and log-TyG from Visit 1 to Visit 5. Results: The mean age of participants was 75 years, 37% (n = 957) were men, and 17% (n = 433) were African American. At Visit 5, higher HOMA-IR, higher TG/HDL-C, and higher TyG were associated with higher aortic stiffness (16 cm/s per SD (95% CI 6, 27), 29 cm/s per SD (95% CI 18, 40), and 32 cm/s per SD (95% CI 22, 42), respectively). From Visit 1 to Visit 5, high aortic stiffness, compared to non-high aortic stiffness, was not preceded by a faster annual rate of change in log-HOMA-IR from baseline to 9 years (0.030 (95% CI 0.024, 0.035) vs. 0.025 (95% CI 0.021, 0.028); p = 0.15) or 9 years onward (0.011 (95% CI 0.007, 0.015) vs. 0.011 (95% CI 0.009, 0.013); p = 0.31); in log-TG/HDL-C from baseline to 9 years (0.019 (95% CI 0.015, 0.024) vs. 0.024 (95% CI 0.022, 0.026); p = 0.06) or 9 years onward (-0.007 (95% CI-0.010,-0.005) vs.-0.009 (95% CI-0.010,-0.007); p = 0.08); or in log-TyG from baseline to 9 years (0.002 (95% CI 0.002, 0.003) vs. 0.003 (95% CI 0.003, 0.003); p = 0.03) or 9 years onward (0 (95% CI 0, 0) vs. 0 (95% CI 0, 0); p = 0.08). Conclusions: Among older adults without diabetes, insulin resistance was associated with aortic stiffness, but the putative role of insulin resistance in aortic stiffness over the life course requires further study.
title: Reduced-dose urolithiasis CT with iterative reconstruction: Diagnostic yield for the assessment of alternative pathologic findings
Creators: name: Weinrich, Julius
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Kidney
subject: Urinary Tract / Bladder
subject: Emergency
subject: CT
subject: Observer performance
subject: Calcifications / Calculi

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Low-dose computed tomography (LD CT) is the preferred imaging method for evaluation of urolithiasis. By using iterative reconstruction (IR) algorithms radiation dose has been significantly reduced without losing diagnostic power in the assessment of...
Intrinsic Angular Momentum and Intrinsic Magnetic Moment of Chiral Superconductor on Two-Dimensional Square Lattice
Creators: name: Tsuruta, Atsushi
name: Yukawa, Susumu
name: Miyake, Kazumasa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The intrinsic magnetic moment (IMM) and intrinsic angular momentum (IAM) of a chiral superconductor with $p$-wave symmetry on a two-dimensional square lattice are discussed on the basis of the Bogoliubov-de Gennes equation. The the IMM and IAM are shown to be on the order of $μ_{\rm B}N$ and $\hbar N$, respectively, $N$ being the total number of particles, without an extra factor $(T_{\rm c}/T_{\rm F})^γ$ ($γ=1,2$), and parallel to the pair angular momentum. They arise from the current in the surface layer with a width on the order of the coherence length $ξ_{0}$, the size of Cooper pairs. However, in a single-band model, they are considerably canceled by the contribution from the Meissner surface current in a layer with the width of the penetration depth $λ$, making it difficult to observe them experimentally. In the case of multi-band metals with both electron-like and hole-like bands, however, considerable cancellation still occurs for the IMM but not for the IAM, making it possible to observe the IAM selectively because the effect of the Meissner current becomes less important. As an example of a multi-band metal, the case of the spin-triplet chiral superconductor Sr$_2$RuO$_4$ is discussed and experiments for observing the IAM are proposed.
description: 27 pages, 15 figures
PROGRAMA DE INTERVENCIÓN PARA EL CONTROL DE PACIENTES HIPERTENSOS
Creators: name: SARMIENTO, MARIELA
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 420606
subject: Social determinants of health

description: Este PROGRAMA DE INTERVENCIÓN PARA EL CONTROL DE PACIENTES HIPERTENSOS, es propuesta por los diferentes problemas sociales y salud que presenta la comunidad, por lo tanto, se ha denominado: “QUIERO VIVIR LIBRE DE PRESIÓN ALTA”, el cual está estructurado por objetivos, características de la población, línea operativa, estrategias y módulos. A continuación, se detalla los seis temas que se desarrollaran en cada módulo.
Intralesional Triamcinolone May Not Be Beneficial for Treating Acute Hidradenitis Suppurativa Lesions: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial
Creators: name: Dong, L.
name: Crouse, L.
name: Sayed, C.
name: Fajgenbaum, K.
name: Zeng, D.
Publisher: name: NLM (Medline)
Year: 2020

description: BACKGROUND: Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic, inflammatory condition characterized by recurrent nodules, sinus tracts, comedones, and scarring. Hidradenitis suppurativa is often associated with pain and decreased quality of life. Limited clinical trial data exist regarding the management of acute HS lesions, but clinical experience and a prospective case series suggest that intralesional triamcinolone may be useful. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of intralesional triamcinolone to placebo for the treatment of HS inflammatory lesions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial comparing intralesional triamcinolone 10 mg/mL, triamcinolone 40 mg/mL, and normal saline (NS). Thirty-two subjects at University of North Carolina Dermatology and Skin Cancer Centers were enrolled for a total of 67 lesions. Subjects reported pain scores, days to resolution, and satisfaction on a standardized survey over a 14-day period. RESULTS: When intralesional injections of triamcinolone 10 mg/mL, triamcinolone 40 mg/mL, and NS were compared, no significant difference was found for days to HS inflammatory lesion clearance, pain reduction at Day 5, or patient satisfaction. CONCLUSION: No statistically significant difference was found between varying concentrations of triamcinolone and NS for the treatment of HS lesions. Steroid injections may be less effective for the management of acute HS than typically presumed.
Prescription Opioid Use Among Hispanics/Latinos With Arthritis Symptoms: Results From the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos
Creators: name: Hua, S.
name: Vidot, D.C.
name: Gellman, M.D.
name: Kaplan, R.C.
name: Perez, H.R.
name: Gonzalez, S.
name: Strizich, G.M.
name: Daviglus, M.
name: Starrels, J.L.
name: Zeng, D.
Publisher: name: SAGE Publications Inc.
Year: 2020

description: Introduction: To determine the prevalence of prescription opioid (PO) use among Hispanics/Latinos with arthritis symptoms and to characterize how demographic and cultural factors are associated with PO use. Method: Cross-sectional analysis of baseline visit data during 2008 to 2011 from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos, a population-based cohort study of 16,415 Hispanics/Latinos living in Chicago, Illinois, Miami, Florida, Bronx, New York, and San Diego, California. Included participants self-reported painful inflammation or swelling in one or more joints. Multivariate models controlling for physical and mental health scores were constructed to assess how demographic and cultural factors were associated with PO use. Results: A total of 9.3% were using POs at the time of the baseline visit. In multivariate models, persons of Cuban background (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 0.42, 95% confidence interval [CI; 0.21, 0.81]) and of Dominican background (AOR = 0.38, 95% CI [0.18, 0.80]) were significantly less likely to use POs compared with a reference group of persons of Mexican background. Greater language acculturation was also negatively associated with PO use (AOR = 0.68, 95% CI [0.53, 0.87]). Conclusion: POs were used relatively uncommonly, and use showed marked variation between Hispanic/Latino groups. Future study should determine mechanisms for why greater use of English among Hispanics/Latinos might influence PO use.
title: A New Image Reconstruction Technique Using a Computed Tomography Lung Subtraction Method for the Assessment of Lung Perfusion
Creators: name: Fukushima, Keita
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Embolism / Thrombosis
subject: Comparative studies
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: CT
subject: Lung
subject: Cardiovascular system

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) results from incomplete resolution of the vascular obstruction caused by pulmonary thromboembolic material, which leads, if untreated, to a...
(102556) Henrietta Augusta King
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.