A new translation of the Ezerovo ring: and the first correct translation
Creators: name: Gheorghiu, Alexandru
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Thracian Ezerovo ring, deciphering, Indo-European, Palaeo-Balkan linguistics, Proto-Indo-European, Dacian, Dacian language, Illyrian language, Phrygian, Archaeology, Proto-Albanian, Balto-Slavic, Germanic language, Ancient Greek, Greek mythology, Thracian religion, Thracian mythology, Thracian language, anthropology, linguistic anthropology, Etruscan mythology, Etruscan language, Etruscan religion, Lemnian language, Lemnos, Lemnians,Thrace, European history, 5th century bc, afterlife mythology, earth goddess mythology, Artemis, Demeter, Ephesus, Classical Greece, Herodotus, Latin language, Romanian language, Albanian language, Baltic languages, Bulgarian language, Lithuanian language, Latvian language, Aegean languages, Nereus, Eastern Mediterranean languages, Mycenaean language, Apollo, Qerasija, Aradia, Arada, Bendis, Hattic language, Messapian language, Messapic language, Moesia, Getic, Getean, Daco-Thracian, Thraco-Dacian
Sun gods, moon goddesses, etymology, solar, lunar, colocynth, Kendros, Kendriso, Kendrisi, Kendreiseia, Therasia, Knossos Linear B, Huntress goddess, Arakynthos, Kynthos, Berekynthos, Aetolia
arachne, arachnes, arachnid, Achelous, chestnut, juniper, oak, cedar, maple, arum, hawk, falcon, Pre-Greek

description: A new translation of the Thracian inscription on the Ezerovo gold ring found in 1912. After all these years since its discovery, this is very likely to be the first correct translation of the inscription and hence the first actual decipherment, and if so it gives us more information about the Thracian language than any other Thracian inscription found so far, enabling one to get a better sense of Thracian's actual place among the Indo-European languages.
description: Tenth version: new and more likely etymology of Kolokynthe/Kolokynthos added: Kolokynthe/Kolokynthos more likely represents Kolok="bitter" plus a Pre-Greek suffix "ynthos" (see Zakynthos, olynthos, etc.); the kolokynth/colocynth is a bitter melon. Berekynthos represents Berek plus ynthos or Berek-kynthos became Berekynthos. Arakynthos represents either Arak (=chestnut tree) plus ynthos suffix or Arak plus Kynthos became Arakynthos. Added my new etymology of Ariadne. Added my tentative etymology of Spartacus. Added a new etymology of Theraphos="spider". A new etymology for PIE *ghwer. Added Italic Aracia="white fig". Added Ptolemy's Arakia which referred to an arrow-shaped island. As in the ninth version, the new information is in the Ara Zea section but also in parts of the work before I discuss Rolis-. Added Linear A/Minoan "A-ra-ko"="bowl". This tenth version and the ninth version have such important new work, including: I have 100% confirmed the etymology of Arachne: it meant "venomous" and had nothing to do with "rotating", nothing to do with a spindle: all those similar vetch words refer to toxic plants, as does the Arachne=Heracleum sphondylium case. Finally after thousands of years, one man has re-discovered the etymology of Arachne. The -chne portion is a Pre-Greek suffix also encountered in Andrachne (see my new paper on the etymology of Andrachne and more). I think I have found the etymology of Ariadne as well, it had nothing to do with a spindle. Very important for my translation, I now know that the Ara in Ara Zea="pointed, bright; to sprout; to strike" in Pre-Greek and Ancient Greek. None of those Ar/Ara- words derive from "curved, bent", instead Ara Zea meant "Arrow Goddess" or "Bright Goddess", and akin also to "to sprout, rise", and so could have meant "Woods Goddess".The Ara- in Aetolian Pre-Greek Arakynthos most likely referred to chestnut trees, the next most likely option is Oak trees (pointed acorns). This version includes many new etymologies in the Ara Zea section of the work, especially see my new etymology of Grabovius (Umbrian epithet of Jove/Jupiter) and of those Iberian oak tree words: they do not derive from the meaning of "curved", as those sources thought in their works from some years back. The other portions of the work do not have new etymologies, but I added some new information to the end of the Tiltean section. In the Ara Zea section, I removed my good new etymology of Latin iuniperus which I will publish in a new work (that etymology can be seen in the 8th version of this paper), and I removed my good discussion of Kirkos (hawk) because it is no longer needed in this work (that can be seen in the 8th version as well). There is hardly a single incorrect etymology in this 10th version (I even corrected the etymology of koloios (="jackdaw"), I now think that Beekes got that one right: koloios="noisy"). These 10th and 9th versions are so much better than the previous version, some will be surprised at such a rapid ability to unravel the tangles and get the work in alignment with historical reality.