cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
On the theory of magnetic field dependence of heat conductivity in dielectric in isotropic model
Creators: name: Maksimov, L. A.
name: Khabarova, T. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Phonon polarization in a magnetic field is analyzed in isotropic model. It is shown, that at presence of spin-phonon interaction phonon possess circular polari-zation which causes the appearance of heat flux component perpendicular both to temperature gradient and magnetic field.
description: 5 pages, 0 figures
Evaluation of a course in counselling women
Creators: name: Theurer, Gisela Magdalene
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This study was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of a course in counsel 1ing-women. The evaluation considered increased awareness, attitudinal and behaviour changes in female counsellors-in-training. Sex bias and sex role stereotyping have been reported in studies of psychotherapeutic practice but the extent and effects of sex role stereotyping by counsellors is an unresolved issue. The need for more awareness and knowledge of women's special issues has been widely stated. A quasi-experimental design was used with female counsellors-in-training as the experimental group and female counsellors-in-training who have not yet taken the course as the control subjects. Both groups were tested at the beginning, in the middle, and at the end of the thirteen week course. Two objective written measures (Salient Issues Measure by Jean, Lafromboise & Plake, 1981; Therapists' Attitude toward Women Scale by Sherman, Koufacos & Kenworthy, 1978) and questions about videotaped vignettes depicting female clients (Videotape Questionnaire by Kahn & Theurer, 1981) were used as instruments to detect changes in the subjects' awareness of, and attitudes toward, women's issues. Statistically significant differences were found on some of the measures indicating that the course was effective in changing the subjects' attitude toward women, their understanding of socio-cultural issues, and strategy and goal planning. Other measures revealed no statistically significant differences; indicating either measurement problems or lack of course related effects.
Variations of the solar granulation motions with height using the GOLF/SoHO experiment
Creators: name: Lefebvre, S.
name: Garcia, R. A.
name: Jimenez-Reyes, S. J.
name: Turck-Chieze, S.
name: Mathur, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Below 1 mHz, the power spectrum of helioseismic velocity measurements is dominated by the spectrum of convective motions (granulation and supergranulation) making it difficult to detect the low-order acoustic modes and the gravity modes. We want to better understand the behavior of solar granulation as a function of the observing height in the solar atmosphere and with magnetic activity during solar cycle 23. We analyze the Power Spectral Density (PSD) of eleven years of GOLF/SOHO velocity-time series using a Harvey-type model to characterize the properties of the convective motions in the solar oscillation power spectrum. We study then the evolution of the granulation with the altitude in the solar atmosphere and with the solar activity. First, we show that the traditional use of a lorentzian profile to fit the envelope of the p modes is not well suitable for GOLF data. Indeed, to properly model the solar spectrum, we need a second lorentzian profile. Second, we show that the granulation clearly evolves with the height in the photosphere but does not present any significant variation with the activity cycle.
description: Paper accepted in A&A. 7 pages, 4 figures, 2 tables
Photon and Leptons induced processes at the LHC
Creators: name: Buonocore, Luca
name: Nason, Paolo
name: Tramontano, Francesco
name: Zanderighi, Giulia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a few basic photon- and lepton-initiated processes at the LHC which can be computed using the recently developed photon and lepton parton densities. First, we consider the production of a massive scalar particle initiated by lepton-antilepton annihilation and photon-photon fusion as representative examples of searches of exotic particles. Then we study lepton-lepton scattering, since this Standard-Model process may be observable at the LHC. We examine these processes at leading and next-to-leading order and, using the POWHEG method, we match our calculations to parton shower programs that implement the required lepton or photon initial-states. We assess the typical size of cross-sections and their uncertainties and discuss the preferred choices for the factorization scale. These processes can also be computed starting directly from the lepto-production hadronic tensor, leading to a result where some collinear-enhanced QED corrections are missing, but all strong corrections are included. Thus, we are in the unique position to perform a comparison of results obtained via the factorization approach to a calculation that does not have strong corrections. This is particularly relevant in the case of lepton-scattering, that is more abundant at lower energies where it is affected by larger strong corrections. We thus compute this process also with the hadronic-tensor method, and compare the results with those obtained with POWHEG. Finally, for some lepton-lepton scattering processes, we compare the size of the signal to the main quark-induced background, which is double Drell-Yan production, and outline a preliminary search strategy to enhance the signal to background ratio.
description: 35 pages, 28 figures
Arts-based analysis of conservation education field trips for young people to observe wild lemurs in Southern Madagascar
Creators: name: D. Walker-Bolton, Amber
name: Ralison, Doria
name: F. Milliasse, Ramanorintsoa
Publisher: name: Brill Online
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 310399
subject: Ecology not elsewhere classified

description: Opportunities for young people to directly experience nature can have positive impacts on the individual, the social group and on society as a whole, through future increased conservation action. We developed a program which engaged young people from Fort Dauphin in a field trip to see wild animals at Nahampoana Reserve. Our aim in offering field trips to young people living in the city was to create a positive emotional opportunity to engage directly with nature with the ultimate goal of protecting lemurs and their habitat. In our analysis, we predicted that participants who completed a survey after a presentation and field trip (assessment post field trip) would recall more correct and detailed facts than those participants who completed their surveys after the presentation only (assessment pre field trip). Our program used a variety of arts-based data collection methods including an initial essay writing component on conservation of lemurs and drawing analysis of observed plants and animals. Our results show, in part, that (A) initial written essays by participants showed misperceptions about lemurs, (B) participants who had attended the field trip prior to drawing their favourite aspect of the reserve, produced more species-specific plant depictions, and (C) participants who were involved in a presentation, field trip, and final group discussion came up with four principles for protecting lemurs and their environment. Upon analysis after the study, we gained the additional insight of being able to evaluate our survey methods.
Energy Conservation in the thin layer approximation: V. The surface brightness in supernova remnants
Creators: name: Zaninetti, Lorenzo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two new equations of motion for a supernova remnant (SNR) are derived in the framework of energy conservation for the thin-layer approximation. The first one is based on an inverse square law for the surrounding density and the second one on a non-cubic dependence of the swept mass. Under the assumption that the observed radio-flux scales as the flux of kinetic energy, two scaling laws are derived for the temporal evolution of the surface brightness of SNRs. The astrophysical applications cover two galactic samples of surface brightness and an extragalactic one.
description: 10 figures and 11 pages
Why take the square root? An assessment of interstellar magnetic field strength estimation methods
Creators: name: Skalidis, R.
name: Sternberg, J.
name: Beattie, J. R.
name: Pavlidou, V.
name: Tassis, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The magnetic field strength in interstellar clouds can be estimated indirectly by using the spread of dust polarization angles ($δθ$). The method developed by Davis 1951 and by Chandrasekhar and Fermi 1953 (DCF) assumes that incompressible magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) fluctuations induce the observed dispersion of polarization angles, deriving $B\propto 1/δθ$ (or, $δθ\propto M_{A}$, in terms of the Alfvénic Mach number). However, observations show that the interstellar medium (ISM) is highly compressible. Recently, Skalidis & Tassis 2021 (ST) relaxed the incompressibility assumption and derived instead $B\propto 1/\sqrt{δθ}$ ($δθ\propto M_{A}^2$). We explored what the correct scaling is in compressible and magnetized turbulence with numerical simulations. We used 26 magnetized, ideal-MHD numerical simulations with different types of forcing. The range of $M_{A}$ and sonic Mach numbers $M_{s}$ explored are $0.1 \leq M_{A} \leq 2.0$ and $0.5 \leq M_{s} \leq 20$. We created synthetic polarization maps and tested the assumptions and accuracy of the two methods. The synthetic data have a remarkable consistency with the $δθ\propto M_{A}^{2}$ scaling, which is inferred by ST, while the DCF scaling fails to follow the data. The ST method shows an accuracy better than $50\%$ over the entire range of $M_{A}$ explored; DCF performs adequately only in the range of $M_{A}$ for which it has been optimized through the use of a "fudge factor". For low $M_{A}$, DCF is inaccurate by factors of tens. The assumptions of the ST method reflect better the physical reality in clouds with compressible and magnetized turbulence, and for this reason the method provides a much better estimate of the magnetic field strength over the DCF method.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A
Pseudogap behavior of phase-separated Sm$_{1-x}$Ca$_x$MnO$_3$ : A comparative photoemission study with double exchange
Creators: name: Pal, P.
name: Dalai, M. K.
name: Kundu, R.
name: Sekhar, B. R.
name: Martin, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using valence band photoemission we have demonstrated the presence of a pseudogap in the near Fermi level electronic spectrum of some of the mixed phase compositions of Sm$_{1-x}$Ca$_x$MnO$_3$ system. The pseudogap was found to grow in size over a large region of the phase diagram of this system, finally leading to a metal-insulator transition. We have made a study comparing the near Fermi level behaviors of this system to those of a canonical double exchange system, namely, La$_{1-x}$Sr$_x$MnO$_3$. This study intends to highlight one of the important differences between the phase separated and double exchange colossal magnetoresistance systems in the nature of their energy gaps across the metal-insulator transitions. These differences could be ascribed to the distortions in the MnO$_6$ octahedra of their structures that regulate the localization of charge carriers. We have discussed our results from the point of view of models based on the idea of phase separation.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Enhancement of nonvolatile polarization and pyroelectric sensitivity in Lithium tantalate (LT)/ Poly (vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) nano composite
Creators: name: Satapathy, S.
name: Gupta, P. K.
name: Varma, K. B. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For pyroelectric sensor application, materials having large ferroelectric polarization at low applied field and high pyroelectric sensitivity are required. PVDF is one of the ferroelectric polymers, which is being used for pyroelectric detector application. Following properties of PVDF such as low density, low acoustic impedance, wide bandwidth, flexibility, toughness, and ease of fabrication into complex patterns and arrays make it suitable for large area detector applications. But the PVDF has low value of pyroelectric coefficient (p). High field (above 1200kV/cm) is required to pole the PVDF film. To reduce poling field and to get high value of ferroelectric polarization at low poling field, nano composite films of LT/PVDF have been prepared. Since LT is ferroelectric (max. poling field ~ 200kV/cm and (p) ~ 2.3 * 10-8 C cm-2/ K) in nature, the nonvolatile polarization of composite increased from 0.014microC/cm2 to 2.06microC/cm2 at an applied field of 150kV/cm as the volume fraction of LT (fLT) nano particle increases from 0.0 to 0.17. Similarly the increase of fLT from 0.0 to 0.17 results in increase of pyroelectric voltage sensitivity from 3.93 V/J to 18.5V/J.
description: please send your comments(18 pages including figures)
Development Of New Toolkits For Orbit Determination Codes For Precise Radio Tracking Experiments
Creators: name: Zannoni, Marco <1985>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2014
Subjects: ING-IND/05 Impianti e sistemi aerospaziali

description: This thesis describes the developments of new models and toolkits for the orbit determination codes to support and improve the precise radio tracking experiments of the Cassini-Huygens mission, an interplanetary mission to study the Saturn system.

The core of the orbit determination process is the comparison between observed observables and computed observables.
Disturbances in either the observed or computed observables degrades the orbit determination process.
Chapter 2 describes a detailed study of the numerical errors in the Doppler observables computed by NASA's ODP and MONTE, and ESA's AMFIN.
A mathematical model of the numerical noise was developed and successfully validated analyzing against the Doppler observables computed by the ODP and MONTE, with typical relative errors smaller than 10%.
The numerical noise proved to be, in general, an important source of noise in the orbit determination process and, in some conditions, it may becomes the dominant noise source.
Three different approaches to reduce the numerical noise were proposed.

Chapter 3 describes the development of the multiarc library, which allows to perform a multi-arc orbit determination with MONTE.
The library was developed during the analysis of the Cassini radio science gravity experiments of the Saturn's satellite Rhea.

Chapter 4 presents the estimation of the Rhea's gravity field obtained from a joint multi-arc analysis of Cassini R1 and R4 fly-bys, describing in details the spacecraft dynamical model used, the data selection and calibration procedure, and the analysis method followed.
In particular, the approach of estimating the full unconstrained quadrupole gravity field was followed, obtaining a solution statistically not compatible with the condition of hydrostatic equilibrium.
The solution proved to be stable and reliable.
The normalized moment of inertia is in the range 0.37-0.4 indicating that Rhea's may be almost homogeneous, or at least characterized by a small degree of differentiation.
Radiative corrections to DIS
Creators: name: Krasny, Mieczyslaw Witold
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Early deep inelastic scattering (DIS) experiments at SLAC discovered partons, identified them as quarks and gluons, and restricted the set of the candidate theories for strong interactions to those exhibiting the asymptotic freedom property. The next generation DIS experiments at FNAL and CERN confirmed the predictions of QCD for the size of the scaling violation effects in the nucleon structure functions. The QCD fits to their data resulted in determining the momentum distributions of the point-like constituents of nucleons. Interpretation of data coming from all these experiments and, in the case of the SLAC experiments, even an elaboration of the running strategies, would not have been possible without a precise understanding of the electromagnetic radiative corrections. In this note I recollect the important milestones, achieved in the period preceding the HERA era, in the high precision calculations of the radiative corrections to DIS, and in the development of the methods of their experimental control. I present subsequently the measurement strategies and discuss the advanced radiative correction tools for the HERA experimental program, with an emphasis on their role in the first, model independent, measurement of the partonic densities in the small-$x_{Bj}$ region. These notes are dedicated to Staszek Jadach as a contribution to the celebration of his 60th-birthday.
description: Contribution to the Cracow Epiphany Conference on LHC Physics, 4-6 January 2008, Cracow, Poland
Primordial non-Gaussianity estimator: the inhomogeneous noise effect
Creators: name: Yu, B.
name: Lu, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Since the inhomogeneous instrument noise can produce extra non-Gaussianity in the CMB anisotropy, its effect should be carefully subtracted in the primordial non-Gaussianity estimation. We calculate the probability distribution function of the CMB anisotropy for local type of non-Gaussianity, from which the optimal estimator in the general case (inhomogeneous noise and cut sky) is obtained. The new estimator obtained here is different from the popular one, since the inhomogeneous noise and cut sky effects are completely accounted. The CMB anisotropy in the new estimator is noise weighted. The noise weight is different from that used by WMAP Group in their 5-year data analysis. Although it is still difficult to calculate the new estimator rigorously, for the case of the slightly inhomogeneous noise, there exists a series expansion method to compute the new estimator. Each order in the series is suppressed by two factors, $(\frac{σ^2}{σ^2_{i}}-1)$ and $\frac{C_l}{C^{tot}_{l}}$, which make the method feasible. Through the Edgeworth expansion we can generalize our discussion to other types of non-Gaussianity.
description: 11 pages.no figures
Analytical theory for the initial mass function: CO clumps and prestellar cores
Creators: name: Hennebelle, Patrick
name: Chabrier, Gilles
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive an analytical theory of the prestellar core initial mass function based on an extension of the Press-Schechter statistical formalism. With the same formalism, we also obtain the mass spectrum for the non self-gravitating clumps produced in supersonic flows. The mass spectrum of the self-gravitating cores reproduces very well the observed initial mass function and identifies the different mechanisms responsible for its behaviour. The theory predicts that the shape of the IMF results from two competing contributions, namely a power-law at large scales and an exponential cut-off (lognormal form) centered around the characteristic mass for gravitational collapse. The cut-off exists already in the case of pure thermal collapse, provided that the underlying density field has a lognormal distribution. Whereas pure thermal collapse produces a power-law tail steeper than the Salpeter value, dN/dlog M\propto M^{-x}, with x=1.35, this latter is recovered exactly for the (3D) value of the spectral index of the velocity power spectrum, n\simeq 3.8, found in observations and in numerical simulations of isothermal supersonic turbulence. Indeed, the theory predicts that x=(n+1)/(2n-4) for self-gravitating structures and x=2-n'/3 for non self-gravitating structures, where n' is the power spectrum index of log(rho). We show that, whereas supersonic turbulence promotes the formation of both massive stars and brown dwarfs, it has an overall negative impact on star formation, decreasing the star formation efficiency. This theory provides a novel theoretical foundation to understand the origin of the IMF and to infer its behaviour in different environments. It also provides a complementary approach and useful guidance to numerical simulations exploring star formation, while making testable predictions.
description: To appear in ApJ
Digital pulse-shape discrimination of fast neutrons and gamma rays
Creators: name: Söderström, P. -A.
name: Nyberg, J.
name: Wolters, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Discrimination of the detection of fast neutrons and gamma rays in a liquid scintillator detector has been investigated using digital pulse-processing techniques. An experimental setup with a 252Cf source, a BC-501 liquid scintillator detector, and a BaF2 detector was used to collect waveforms with a 100 Ms/s, 14 bit sampling ADC. Three identical ADC's were combined to increase the sampling frequency to 300 Ms/s. Four different digital pulse-shape analysis algorithms were developed and compared to each other and to data obtained with an analogue neutron-gamma discrimination unit. Two of the digital algorithms were based on the charge comparison method, while the analogue unit and the other two digital algorithms were based on the zero-crossover method. Two different figure-of-merit parameters, which quantify the neutron-gamma discrimination properties, were evaluated for all four digital algorithms and for the analogue data set. All of the digital algorithms gave similar or better figure-of-merit values than what was obtained with the analogue setup. A detailed study of the discrimination properties as a function of sampling frequency and bit resolution of the ADC was performed. It was shown that a sampling ADC with a bit resolution of 12 bits and a sampling frequency of 100 Ms/s is adequate for achieving an optimal neutron-gamma discrimination for pulses having a dynamic range for deposited neutron energies of 0.3-12 MeV. An investigation of the influence of the sampling frequency on the time resolution was made. A FWHM of 1.7 ns was obtained at 100 Ms/s.
description: 26 pages, 14 figures, submitted to Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research A
Sterrhini Meyrick 1892
Creators: name: Pohl, Greg
name: Anweiler, Gary
name: Schmidt, Christian
name: Kondla, Norbert
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Geometridae

description: Sterrhini 1378 * R Idaea occidentaria (Packard, 1874) M Jul – – G L: None C: J. Scott collection 1379 R Idaea rotundopennata (Packard, 1876) M Jun – E Jul m B – T: McGuffin (1967) L: Bowman (1951), McGuffi n (1967), Pohl et al. (2004b) C: CNC, NFRC, OLDS, UASM
description: Published as part of Pohl, Greg, Anweiler, Gary, Schmidt, Christian & Kondla, Norbert, 2010, An annotated list of the Lepidoptera of Alberta, Canada, pp. 1-549 in ZooKeys 38 (38) on pages 207-208, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.38.383, http://zenodo.org/record/576629
description: {"references": ["McGuffin WC (1967) Guide to the Geometridae of Canada (Lepidoptera) I. Subfamily Sterrhinae. Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada 50: 1 - 67.", "Bowman K (1951) An annotated list of the Lepidoptera of Alberta. Canadian Journal of Zoology 29: 121 - 165.", "Pohl GR, Langor DW, Landry J-F, Spence JR (2004 b) Lepidoptera of the Boreal Mixedwood Forest near Lac La Biche, Alberta, including new provincial records. Canadian Field-Naturalist 118: 530 - 549."]}
Strong laws for balanced triangular urns
Creators: name: Bose, Arup
name: Dasgupta, Amites
name: Maulik, Krishanu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60G70, 60F05

description: Consider an urn model whose replacement matrix is triangular, has all entries nonnegative and the row sums are all equal to one. We obtain the strong laws for the counts of balls corresponding to each color. The scalings for these laws depend on the diagonal elements of a rearranged replacement matrix. We use the strong laws obtained to study further behavior of certain three color urn models.
Unital Positive Maps and Quantum States
Creators: name: Asorey, M.
name: Kossakowski, A.
name: Marmo, G.
name: Sudarshan, E. C. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the structure of the subset of states generated by unital completely positive quantum maps, A witness that certifies that a state does not belong to the subset generated by a given map is constructed. We analyse the representations of positive maps and their relation to quantum Perron-Frobenius theory.
description: 14 pages
The genetic code Via Godel encoding
Creators: name: Negadi, Tidjani
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Other Quantitative Biology (q-bio.OT)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The genetic code structure into distinct multiplet-classes as well as the numeric degeneracies of the latter are revealed by a two-step process. First, an empirical inventory of the degeneracies (of the shuffled multiplets) in two specific equal moieties of the experimental genetic code table is made and transcribed in the form of a sequence of integers. Second, a Godel Encoding procedure is applied to the latter sequence delivering, as an output, a Godel Number the digits of which, from the decimal representation, could remarkably describe the amino acids and the stops and allow us also to compute the exact degeneracies, class by class. The standard and the vertebrate mitochondrial genetic codes are considered and their multiplet structure is fully established.
Hyperactive behavior in relation to children’s perceptions of teacher’s classroom behavior
Creators: name: Peter, Dennis Wayne
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This study sought to investigate the relationship between hyperactive behavior and children's perceptions of teachers. Particular attention was paid to two aspects of teacher behavior — acceptance and demand. An extensive literature review supported the position of viewing hyperactive behavior from an interactional perspective. In this study the context was the teacher-child interaction within the classroom as viewed by the child. The literature also indicated that children's behavior is affected by their perceptions of adult behavior. This study sought to examine this view in greater detail. The sample consisted of 4 7 grade four boys and 45 grade five boys from eight regular classrooms in two schools, located in a major urban center in the interior of British Columbia. Children's perceptions of acceptance and demand of their teacher's behavior were measured by administering a partial form of the Teacher Behavior Questionnaire to classroom groups. Observed levels of hyperactive behavior were measured by having subjects' teachers complete the Conner's Abbreviated Questionnaire for each boy. Using correlational analyses, hyperactive behavior was found to be significantly related to both variables in the directions of less perceived acceptance and greater perceived demand. Hyperactive behavior ratings allowed for a retrospectively identified teacher-rated hyperactive group and a teacher- rated non-hyperactive group. On group comparison measures, hyperactive boys perceived significantly less acceptance and greater demand than their non-hyperactive peers. In conclusion, hyperactive children perceive teacher behavior as less accepting and more demanding than their non-hyperactive peers. The variable of perceived acceptance appears more critical to pdsitive teacher-child interaction than the demand variable. Individual teacher differences and cultural factors also appeared operative.
Observation of the DNA ion-phosphate vibrations
Creators: name: Bulavin, L. A.
name: Volkov, S. N.
name: Kutovy, S. Yu.
name: Perepelytsya, S. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The low-frequency Raman spectra of Na-and Cs-DNA water solutions have been studied to determine the mode of counterion vibrations with respect to phosphate groups of the DNA double helix. The obtained spectra are characterized by the water band near 180 cm-1 and by several DNA bands near 100 cm-1. The main difference between Na- and Cs-DNA spectra is observed in case of the band 100 cm-1. In Cs-DNA spectra this band has about twice higher intensity than in Na-DNA spectra. The comparison of obtained spectra with the calculated frequencies of Na- and Cs-DNA conformational vibrations [Perepelytsya S.M., Volkov S.N. Eur. Phys. J. E. 24, 261 (2007)] show that the band 100 cm-1 in the spectra of Cs-DNA is formed by the modes of both H-bond stretching vibrations and vibrations of caesium counterions, while in Na-DNA spectra the band 100 cm-1 is formed by the mode of H-bond stretching vibrations only. The modes of sodium counterion vibrations have a frequency 180 cm-1, and they do not rise above the water band. Thus, the increase in intensity of the band 100 cm-1 in the spectra of Cs-DNA as compared with Na-DNA is caused by the mode of ion-phosphate vibrations.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures
Stochastic Optimization Approaches for Solving Sudoku
Creators: name: Perez, Meir
name: Marwala, Tshilidzi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper the Sudoku problem is solved using stochastic search techniques and these are: Cultural Genetic Algorithm (CGA), Repulsive Particle Swarm Optimization (RPSO), Quantum Simulated Annealing (QSA) and the Hybrid method that combines Genetic Algorithm with Simulated Annealing (HGASA). The results obtained show that the CGA, QSA and HGASA are able to solve the Sudoku puzzle with CGA finding a solution in 28 seconds, while QSA finding a solution in 65 seconds and HGASA in 1.447 seconds. This is mainly because HGASA combines the parallel searching of GA with the flexibility of SA. The RPSO was found to be unable to solve the puzzle.
description: 13 pages
Cuboctahedric Higgs oscillator from the Calogero model
Creators: name: Hakobyan, T.
name: Nersessian, A.
name: Yeghikyan, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We exclude the center of mass of the N-particle rational Calogero model and consider the angular part of the resulting Hamiltonian. We show that it describes the motion of the particle on (N-2)-dimensional sphere interacting with N(N-1)/2 force centers with Higgs oscillator potential. In the case of four-particle system these force centers define the vertexes of an Archimedean solid called cuboctahedron.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures, revised version accepted in J. Phys. A, new material on superintegrability and refs added
B-Physics: Theoretical Predictions in the LHC Era
Creators: name: Tarantino, Cecilia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the status of the theoretical predictions of some interesting b-physics observables that are sensitive to New Physics and can be measured at the LHC.
description: 8 pages, to appear in the proceedings of "V Italian Workshop on the p-p Physics at the LHC" (Perugia, 30th January - 2nd February, 2008), two references added
Theory of the leak-rate of seals
Creators: name: Persson, B. N. J.
name: Yang, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Seals are extremely useful devices to prevent fluid leakage. However, the exact mechanism of roughness induced leakage is not well understood. We present a theory of the leak-rate of seals, which is based on percolation theory and a recently developed contact mechanics theory. We study both static and dynamics seals. We present molecular dynamics results which show that when two elastic solids with randomly rough surfaces are squeezed together, as a function of increasing magnification or decreasing squeezing pressure, a non-contact channel will percolate when the (relative) projected contact area, A/A_0, is of order 0.4, in accor dance with percolation theory. We suggest a simple experiment which can be used to test the theory.
description: 12 pages, 19 figures
Localization crossover and subdiffusive transport in a classical facilitated network model of a disordered, interacting quantum spin chain
Creators: name: Klocke, Kai
name: White, Christopher David
name: Buchhold, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the random-field Heisenberg model, a paradigmatic model for many-body localization (MBL), and add a Markovian dephasing bath coupled to the Anderson orbitals of the model's non-interacting limit. We map this system to a classical facilitated hopping model that is computationally tractable for large system sizes, and investigate its dynamics. The classical model exhibits a robust crossover between an ergodic (thermal) phase and a frozen (localized) phase. The frozen phase is destabilized by thermal subregions (bubbles), which thermalize surrounding sites by providing a fluctuating interaction energy and so enable off-resonance particle transport. Investigating steady state transport, we observe that the interplay between thermal and frozen bubbles leads to a clear transition between diffusive and subdiffusive regimes. This phenomenology both describes the MBL system coupled to a bath, and provides a classical analogue for the many-body localization transition in the corresponding quantum model, in that the classical model displays long local memory times. It also highlights the importance of the details of the bath coupling in studies of MBL systems coupled to thermal environments.
Structure of characteristic Lyapunov vectors in spatiotemporal chaos
Creators: name: Pazó, Diego
name: Szendro, Ivan G.
name: López, Juan M.
name: Rodríguez, Miguel A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study Lyapunov vectors (LVs) corresponding to the largest Lyapunov exponents in systems with spatiotemporal chaos. We focus on characteristic LVs and compare the results with backward LVs obtained via successive Gram-Schmidt orthonormalizations. Systems of a very different nature such as coupled-map lattices and the (continuous-time) Lorenz `96 model exhibit the same features in quantitative and qualitative terms. Additionally we propose a minimal stochastic model that reproduces the results for chaotic systems. Our work supports the claims about universality of our earlier results [I. G. Szendro et al., Phys. Rev. E 76, 025202(R) (2007)] for a specific coupled-map lattice.
description: 9 pages
Spin-resolved spectra of Shiba multiplets from Mn impurities in MgB_2
Creators: name: Moca, Catalin Pascu
name: Demler, Eugene
name: Janko, Boldizsar
name: Zarand, Gergely
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effect of magnetic Mn ions on the two-band superconductor MgB_2, and compute both the total and spin resolved scanning tunneling spectrum in the vicinity of the magnetic impurity. We show that when the internal structure of the Mn ion's d-shell is taken into account, multiple Shiba states appear in the spectrum. The presence of these multiplets could alter significantly the overall interpretation of local tunneling spectra for a wide range of superconducting hosts and magnetic impurities.
description: 11 pages, 9 figures in eps format. accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. B
Long-term monitoring of theta1 OriC: the spectroscopic orbit and an improved rotational period
Creators: name: Stahl, O.
name: Wade, G.
name: Petit, V.
name: Stober, B.
name: Schanne, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The young O-type star theta1 OriC, the brightest star of the Trapezium cluster in Orion, is one of only two known magnetic rotators among the O stars. However, not all spectroscopic variations of this star can be explained by the magnetic rotator model. We present results from a long-term monitoring to study these unexplained variations and to improve the stellar rotational period. We want to study long-term trends of the radial velocity of theta1 OriC, to search for unusual changes, to improve the established rotational period and to check for possible period changes. We combine a large set of published spectroscopic data with new observations and analyze the spectra in a homogeneous way. We study the radial velocity from selected photo-spheric lines and determine the equivalent width of the Halpha and HeII4686 lines. We find evidence for a secular change of the radial velocity of theta1 OriC that is consistent with the published interferometric orbit. We refine the rotational period of theta1 OriC and discuss the possibility of detecting period changes in the near future.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
Evidence for the Sr2RuO4 intercalations in the Sr3Ru2O7 region of the Sr3Ru2O7-Sr2RuO4 eutectic system
Creators: name: Kittaka, S.
name: Yonezawa, S.
name: Yaguchi, H.
name: Maeno, Y.
name: Fittipaldi, R.
name: Vecchione, A.
name: Mercure, J. -F.
name: Gibbs, A.
name: Perry, R. S.
name: Mackenzie, A. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Although Sr3Ru2O7 has not been reported to exhibit superconductivity so far, ac susceptibility measurements revealed multiple superconducting transitions occurring in the Sr3Ru2O7 region cut from Sr3Ru2O7-Sr2RuO4 eutectic crystals. Based on various experimental results, some of us proposed the scenario in which Sr2RuO4 thin slabs with a few layers of the RuO2 plane are embedded in the Sr3Ru2O7 region as stacking faults and multiple superconducting transitions arise from the distribution of the slab thickness. To examine this scenario, we measured the resistivity along the ab plane (rho_ab) using a Sr3Ru2O7-region sample cut from the eutectic crystal, as well as along the c axis (rho_c) using the same crystal. As a result, we detected resistance drops associated with superconductivity only in rho_ab, but not in rho_c. These results support the Sr2RuO4 thin-slab scenario. In addition, we measured the resistivity of a single crystal of pure Sr3Ru2O7 with very high quality and found that pure Sr3Ru2O7 does not exhibit superconductivity down to 15 mK.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, Int. Conf. on Low Temperature Physics (LT25)
Masses of Black Holes in the Universe
Creators: name: Ziolkowski, Janusz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The different methods of determination of black holes (BHs) masses are presented for three classes of BHs observed in the Universe: stellar mass BHs, intermediate mass BHs (IMBHs) and supermassive BHs (SBHs). The results of these determinations are briefly reviewed: stellar mass BHs are found in the range of about 3 to about 20 solar masses, IMBHs in the range of a few hundreds to a few tens of thousands solar masses (the determinations are much less precise for these objects) and SBHs in the range of about 3x10^5 to about 6x10^10 solar masses.
description: Presented at Vulcano 2007 Workshop: "Multifrequency Behaviour of High Energy Cosmic Sources"
Interlacing Results for Hypergraphs
Creators: name: Mulas, Raffaella
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Hypergraphs are a generalization of graphs in which edges can connect any number of vertices. They allow the modeling of complex networks with higher-order interactions, and their spectral theory studies the qualitative properties that can be inferred from the spectrum, i.e. the multiset of the eigenvalues, of an operator associated to a hypergraph. It is expected that a small perturbation of a hypergraph, such as the removal of a few vertices or edges, does not lead to a major change of the eigenvalues. In particular, it is expected that the eigenvalues of the original hypergraph interlace the eigenvalues of the perturbed hypergraph. Here we work on hypergraphs where, in addition, each vertex--edge incidence is given a real number, and we prove interlacing results for the adjacency matrix, the Kirchoff Laplacian and the normalized Laplacian. Tightness of the inequalities is also shown.
description: Proceedings of Blockchain in Kyoto 2021, JPS Conference Proceedings, To appear (2021)
Merging of superfluid Helium nanodroplets with vortices
Creators: name: Escartin, J. M.
name: Ancilotto, F.
name: Barranco, M.
name: Pi, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Within Density Functional Theory, we have investigated the coalescence dynamics of two superfluid helium nanodroplets hosting vortex lines in different relative orientations, which are drawn towards each other by the Van der Waals mutual attraction. We have found a rich phenomenology depending on how the vortex lines are oriented. In particular, when a vortex and anti-vortex lines are present in the merging droplets, a dark soliton develops at the droplet contact region, which eventually decays into vortex rings. Reconnection events are observed between the vortex lines or rings, leading to the creation of more vortices. Our simulations show the interplay between vortex creation and reconnections, as well as the effect of the droplet surface which pins the vortex ends and, by reflecting short-wavelength excitations produced by the interactions between vortices, strongly affects the droplet final state. Additional vorticity is nucleated in the proximity of surface indentations produced in the course of the dynamics, which in turn interact with other vortices present in the droplets. These effects, obviously absent in the case of bulk liquid helium, show that the droplet surface may act as a multiplier of vortex reconnections. The analysis of the energy spectrum shows that vortex-antivortex ring annihilation, as well as vortex-antivortex reconnections, yields roton bursts of different intensity.
description: 11 pages, 11 figures + Supplemental Material
The Contribution of AGN and Star-Forming Galaxies to the Mid-Infrared as Revealed by their Spectral Energy Distributions
Creators: name: Gruppioni, C.
name: Pozzi, F.
name: Polletta, M.
name: Zamorani, G.
name: La Franca, F.
name: Sacchi, N.
name: Comastri, A.
name: Pozzetti, L.
name: Vignali, C.
name: Lonsdale, C.
name: Rowan-Robinson, M.
name: Surace, J.
name: Shupe, D.
name: Fang, F.
name: Matute, I.
name: Berta, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the broad-band Spectral Energy Distributions (SEDs) of the largest available highly (72%) complete spectroscopic sample of mid-infrared (MIR) selected galaxies and AGN at intermediate redshift. The sample contains 203 extragalactic sources from the 15-micron survey in the ELAIS-SWIRE field S1, all with measured spectroscopic redshift. Most of these sources have full multi-wavelength coverage from the far-UV to the far-infrared and lie in the redshift range 0.110 mJy, while that obtained from optical spectroscopy never being >30%, even at the higher flux densities. The results of this work will be very useful for updating all the models aimed at interpreting the deep infrared survey data and, in particular, for constraining the nature and the role of dust-obscured systems in the intermediate/high-redshift Universe.
description: Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal. Scheduled for the ApJ August 20, 2008, v683 n 2 issue. 33 pages: 22 pages of main text + 2 tables + 6 postscript figures, use aastex
The Einstein formula: E_0=mc^2 "Isn't the Lord laughing?"
Creators: name: Okun, L. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The article traces the way Einstein formulated the relation between energy and mass in his work from 1905 to 1955. Einstein emphasized quite often that the mass $m$ of a body is equivalent to its rest energy $E_0$. At the same time he frequently resorted to the less clear-cut statement of equivalence of energy and mass. As a result, Einstein's formula $E_0=mc^2$ still remains much less known than its popular form, $E=mc^2$, in which $E$ is the total energy equal to the sum of the rest energy and the kinetic energy of a freely moving body. One of the consequences of this is the widespread fallacy that the mass of a body increases when its velocity increases and even that this is an experimental fact. As wrote the playwright A N Ostrovsky "Something must exist for people, something so austere, so lofty, so sacrosanct that it would make profaning it unthinkable."
description: 20 pages