cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
TESS Experiments: How to Increase the Acceptance of Mobile App and Sensor Data Collection?
Creators: name: Wenz, Alexander
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2023

description: Time-sharing Experiments for the Social Sciences (TESS) offers researchers the opportunity to capture the internal validity of experiments. Investigators submit proposals, and TESS fields successful proposals for free on a representative sample of adults in the United States. This experiment was conducted to examine the effects of different sensor data collection app characteristics on individuals’ willingness to download the app to their smartphone and share data with researchers. Respondents were randomly assigned, without replacement, to 8 of 72 vignettes which introduced a mobile app that would share passive sensor data and geolocation with researchers. Vignettes varied readability of the data protection and privacy statement (easy/difficult), technical support during installation (yes/no), control over data collection (turn off data collection/review data before submission/none), monetary incentive (unconditional/conditional with incremental amount/conditional with fixed amount) and feedback as an additional incentive (yes/no). A total of 1,948 respondents participated. After reading each vignette, respondents rated their willingness to participate in the hypothetical study. Respondents were also asked to rate the difficulty of downloading the app and the security of the information collected from the app after the first assigned vignette. All respondents also answered questions on smartphone ownership and proficiency, privacy concerns, and trust in organizations involved with mobile data collection. This allowed for comparison of willingness to participate across app/study characteristics and respondent characteristics.
Tight-Binding Study of Boron Structures
Creators: name: McGrady, Joseph W.
name: Papaconstantopoulos, Dimitrios A.
name: Mehl, Michael J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have performed Linearized Augmented Plane Wave (LAPW) calculations for five crystal structures (alpha, dhcp, sc, fcc, bcc) of Boron which we then fitted to a non-orthogonal tight-binding model following the Naval Research Laboratory Tight-Binding (NRL-TB) method. The predictions of the NRL-TB approach for complicated Boron structures such as R105 (or \b{eta}-rhombohedral) and T190 are in agreement with recent first-principles calculations. Fully utilizing the computational speed of the NRL-TB method we calculated the energetic differences of various structures including those containing vacancies using supercells with up to 5000 atoms.
description: 16 pages, 6 figures
A catalogue of unusually long thermonuclear bursts on neutron stars
Creators: name: Alizai, Khaled
name: Chenevez, Jérôme
name: Cumming, Andrew
name: Degenaar, Nathalie
name: Falanga, Maurizio
name: Galloway, Duncan K.
name: Zand, Jean J. M. in `t
name: Jaisawal, Gaurava K.
name: Keek, Laurens
name: Kuulkers, Erik
name: Lampe, Nathanael
name: Schatz, Hendrik
name: Serino, Motoko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Rare, energetic (long) thermonuclear (Type I) X-ray bursts are classified either as intermediate-duration or superbursts, based on their duration. Intermediate-duration bursts lasting a few to tens of minutes are thought to arise from the thermonuclear runaway of a relatively thick (10^10 g/cm2) helium layer, while superbursts lasting hours are attributed to the detonation of an underlying carbon layer. We present a catalogue of 84 long thermonuclear bursts from 40 low-mass X-ray binaries, and defined from a new set of criteria distinguishing them from the more frequent short bursts. The three criteria are: (1) a total energy release larger than 10^40 erg, (2) a photospheric radius expansion phase longer than 10 s, and (3) a burst time-scale longer than 70 s. This work is based on a comprehensive systematic analysis of 70 bursts found with INTEGRAL, RXTE, Swift, BeppoSAX, MAXI, and NICER, as well as 14 long bursts from the literature that were detected with earlier generations of X-ray instruments. For each burst, we measure its peak flux and fluence, which eventually allows us to confirm the distinction between intermediate-duration bursts and superbursts. Additionally, we list 18 bursts that only partially meet the above inclusion criteria, possibly bridging the gap between normal and intermediate-duration bursts. With this catalogue, we significantly increase the number of long-duration bursts included in the MINBAR and thereby provide a substantial sample of these rare X-ray bursts for further study.
description: Published in MNRAS, 20 pages, 7 figures, 4 tables
title: Votiva Henrico A Drupwich Ham: Westphalo, Felicis Faustiq[ue] ominis causâ, pro inauguratione Doctorali, cùm in Illustri Academiâ Marpurgensi in Medicinâ Doctor crearetur
Creators: name: Anonym
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2024
Subjects: Generalities, Science
Allgemeines, Wissenschaft
Festschrift

description: Elektronische Reproduktion von: Votiva Henrico A Drupwich Ham: Westphalo, Felicis Faustiq[ue] ominis causâ, pro inauguratione Doctorali, cùm in Illustri Academiâ Marpurgensi in Medicinâ Doctor crearetur / Suspensa A Professoribvs, Popvlaribus & Amicis. - Marpurgi Cattorvm : Ex Officina Rodolphi Hutvvelckeri, Anno. MDCIIX. - 8 ungezählte Seiten. - 
Standort: Universität Marburg, Universitätsbibliothek. - 
Signatur: VIII B 331 db, 5. - 
Bemerkungen: Titelvignette. - Titel- und Texteinrahmung (Holzschnitt). - (Hassiaca)

Digitalisiert 2024
Causas de erosión en playas de Tijuana durante el invierno de 1977-1978 /
Creators: name: Cupul Magaña, Luis Antonio
Publisher: name: Universidad Autónoma de Baja California.
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Erosión de playas||Erosión de playas Tijuana, Baja California||Oceanografía geológica||Oceanología Geología||Tesis
subject: QE571 C86 1983

description: Durante el invierno 1977-78 tuvo lugar en Playas de Tijuana un episodio erosivo que provocó un retroceso de la línea de costa.
Constraining the Equation of State of Neutron Stars from Binary Mergers
Creators: name: Takami, Kentaro
name: Rezzolla, Luciano
name: Baiotti, Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Determining the equation of state of matter at nuclear density and hence the structure of neutron stars has been a riddle for decades. We show how the imminent detection of gravitational waves from merging neutron star binaries can be used to solve this riddle. Using a large number of accurate numerical-relativity simulations of binaries with nuclear equations of state, we find that the postmerger emission is characterized by two distinct and robust spectral features. While the high-frequency peak has already been associated with the oscillations of the hypermassive neutron star produced by the merger and depends on the equation of state, a new correlation emerges between the low-frequency peak, related to the merger process, and the total compactness of the stars in the binary. More importantly, such a correlation is essentially universal, thus providing a powerful tool to set tight constraints on the equation of state. If the mass of the binary is known from the inspiral signal, the combined use of the two frequency peaks sets four simultaneous constraints to be satisfied. Ideally, even a single detection would be sufficient to select one equation of state over the others. We test our approach with simulated data and verify it works well for all the equations of state considered.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures; matches version on PRL
MPEC 2023-V37 : 2023 VV
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 VV

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
HEALTH PROFESSIONALS' UNDERSTANDING OF HEALTH LITERACY: A SCOPING REVIEW
Creators: name: Keila Cristianne Trindade Da Cruz
name: Ossege, Carolina Leite
name: Moraes, Katarinne Lima
Publisher: name: OSF Registries
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Public Health Education and Promotion
subject: Public Health
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Nursing
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: The understanding of Health Literacy (HL) among healthcare professionals is reported in the literature as a relevant factor for patient care. This study aimed to investigate healthcare professionals' perception of Health Literacy.
Chiral transport equation from the quantum Dirac Hamiltonian and the on-shell effective field theory
Creators: name: Manuel, Cristina
name: Torres-Rincon, Juan M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive the relativistic chiral transport equation for massless fermions and antifermions by performing a semiclassical Foldy-Wouthuysen diagonalization of the quantum Dirac Hamiltonian. The Berry connection naturally emerges in the diagonalization process to modify the classical equations of motion of a fermion in an electromagnetic field. We also see that the fermion and antifermion dispersion relations are corrected at first order in the Planck constant by the Berry curvature, as previously derived by Son and Yamamoto for the particular case of vanishing temperature. Our approach does not require knowledge of the state of the system, and thus it can also be applied at high temperature. We provide support for our result by an alternative computation using an effective field theory for fermions and antifermions: the on-shell effective field theory. In this formalism, the off-shell fermionic modes are integrated out to generate an effective Lagrangian for the quasi-on-shell fermions/antifermions. The dispersion relation at leading order exactly matches the result from the semiclassical diagonalization. From the transport equation, we explicitly show how the axial and gauge anomalies are not modified at finite temperature and density despite the incorporation of the new dispersion relation into the distribution function.
description: 9 pages, no figures. v2: Some comments and more details added, typos fixed and reference list updated. Final version matching the published article
title: Programma invitatorium De lympha cerebri secundum dissertationi inaugurali De morbis intemperiei
Creators: name: Teichmeyer, Hermann Friedrich
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2024
Subjects: Generalities, Science
Allgemeines, Wissenschaft
Programmschrift
Hochschulschrift

description: Elektronische Reproduktion von: Medicae Facvltatis Decani Hermanni Friderici Teichmeyeri ... Programma Invitatorivm De Lympha Cerebri Secvndvm Dissertationi Inavgvrali De Morbis Intemperiei Die XXII. Maii, M DCC XXVIII. Habendae Praemissvm. - Ienae : Litteris Mvllerianis, Feria Secvnda Pentecostes MDCCCCVIII. - 8 ungezählte Seiten. - 
Standort: Universität Marburg, Universitätsbibliothek. - 
Signatur: VIII B 331 db, 5. - 
Bemerkungen: Werktitel: Programma invitatorium De lympha cerebri secundum dissertationi inaugurali De morbis intemperiei. - 
Anmerkung: Programmschrift, Einladungsschrift zur Verleihung der Doktorwürde an G.J. Duising . - 
(Hassiaca)

Digitalisiert 2024
On pointwise Kan extensions in double categories
Creators: name: Koudenburg, Seerp Roald
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 18D05, 18A40, 18D20

description: In this paper we consider a notion of pointwise Kan extension in double categories that naturally generalises Dubuc's notion of pointwise Kan extension along enriched functors. We show that, when considered in equipments that admit opcartesian tabulations, it generalises Street's notion of pointwise Kan extension in 2-categories.
description: 38 pages. In v2 the proofs of Propositions 4.2 and 4.4 have been simplified; this is the final version, as it appears in Theory and Applications of Categories, Vol. 29, 2014
Shear Thinning from Bond Orientation in Model Unentangled Bottlebrush Polymer Melts
Creators: name: Gürel, Utku
name: Giuntoli, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The rheology of molecular brushes remains challenging to control due to the multiple length scales and relaxation processes involved and the lack of direct observation of molecular conformation during flow. We use molecular dynamics simulations to determine the shear thinning of unentangled bottlebrush polymers with varying architecture, from linear chains to combs, to densely grafted bottlebrushes, to star-like and star polymers. We find shear thinning exponents in line with theoretical and experimental results and characterize the shape and orientation of bottlebrushes in steady-state flow. Many shape parameters derived from the gyration tensor show molecular alignment with the flow for all systems. Yet, the orientation of individual bonds is what most strongly correlates with the architecture-dependent shear-thinning exponents. In densely grafted bottlebrushes, the packing of side chains prevents alignment with the flow, causing a reduction in shear thinning. The molecular insight from our simulations is useful to tune the architecture of bottlebrushes to control their rheology.
On the regular sum-free sets
Creators: name: Wen, Zhi-Xiong
name: Wu, Wen
name: Zhang, Jie-Meng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11B75, 11B85

description: Cameron introduced a bijection between the set of sum-free sets and the set of all zero-one sequences. In this paper, we study the sum-free sets of natural numbers corresponding to certain zero-one sequences which contain the Cantor-like sequences and some substitution sequences, etc. Those sum- free sets considered as integer sequences are 2-regular. We also prove that sequences corresponding to certain sum-free sets are automatic.
description: 17 pages, 1 figure
title: Extract-Schreibens des Holländischen Gesandtschafts-Predigers Herrn du Rochemonts, an seine Eltern in Cassell
Creators: name: Du Rochemont, Guillaume
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2024
Subjects: Generalities, Science
Allgemeines, Wissenschaft

description: Elektronische Reproduktion von: Extract-Schreibens des Holländischen Gesandtschafts-Predigers Herrn du Rochemonts, an seine Eltern in Cassell : Gegeben zwey Meilen von Lissabon, den IIten November 1755. - [Lissabonn?], [1755]. - 4 ungezählte Seiten. - 
Standort: Universität Marburg, Universitätsbibliothek. - 
Signatur: VIII B 331 db, 5. - 
Werktitel: Extract-Schreibens an seine Eltern in Cassell
Anmerkung: Erscheinungsjahr nach der Datierung im Titel, Erscheinungsort nach der Ortsangabe im Titel angenommen . - (Hassiaca)

Digitalisiert 2024
Statistical methods for clinical genome interpretation with specific application to inherited cardiac conditions
Creators: name: Zhang, Xiaolei
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2021

description: Background: While next-generation sequencing has enabled us to rapidly identify sequence variants, clinical application is limited by our ability to determine which rare variants impact disease risk. Aim: Developing computational methods to identify clinically important variants Methods and Results: (1) I built a disease-specific variant classifier for inherited cardiac conditions (ICCs), which outperforms genome-wide tools in a wide range of benchmarking. It discriminates pathogenic variants from benign variants with global accuracy improved by 4-24% over existing tools. Variants classified with >90% confidence are significantly associated with both disease status and clinical outcomes. (2) To better interpret missense variants, I examined evolutionarily equivalent residues across protein domain families, to identify positions intolerant of variations. Homologous residue constraint is a strong predictor of variant pathogenicity. It can identify a subset of de novo missense variants with comparable impact on developmental disorders as protein-truncating variants. Independent from existing approaches, it can also improve the prioritisation of disease-relevant gene for both developmental disorders and inherited hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. (3) TTN-truncating variants are known to cause dilated cardiomyopathy, but the effect of missense variants is poorly understood. Using the approach in (2), I studied the role of TTN missense variants on DCM. Our prioritised residues are enriched with known pathogenic variants, including the two known to cause DCM and others involved in skeletal myopathies. I also found a significant association between constrained variants of TTN I-set domains and DCM in a case-control burden test of Caucasian samples (OR=3.2, 95%CI=1.3-9.4). Within subsets of DCM, the association is replicated in alcoholic cardiomyopathy. (4) Finally, I also developed a tool to annotate 5’UTR variants creating or disrupting upstream open reading frames (uORF). Its utility is demonstrated to detect high-impact uORF-disturbing variants from ClinVar, gnomAD and Genomics England. Conclusion: These studies established broadly applicable methods and improved understanding of ICCs.
MPEC 2023-V38 : 2023 VW
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 VW

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Explicit metrics for a class of two-dimensional superintegrable systems
Creators: name: Valent, Galliano
name: Duval, Christian
name: Shevchishin, Vsevolod
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We obtain, in local coordinates, the explicit form of the two-dimensional, super-integrable systems of Matveev and Shevchishin involving cubic integrals. This enables us to determine for which values of the parameters these systems are indeed globally defined on the two-sphere.
description: 10 pages, no figure, to appear in the Proceedings of the Conference: "Finite dimensional integrable systems", 15th-19th of July 2013, CIRM, Luminy Campus, Marseille (France) published in the Journal of Geometry and Physics
Age-dependent associations of human milk oligosaccharides with body size and composition up to 4 years of age.
Creators: name: Mansell, Toby
name: Furst, Annalee
name: O'Hely, Martin
name: Chang, Melinda
name: Ponsonby, Anne-Louise
name: Vuillermin, Peter
name: Tang, Mimi
name: Burgner, David
name: Saffery, Richard
name: Bode, Lars
name: Barwon Infant Study Investigator Group
Publisher: name: Murdoch Childrens Research Institute
Year: 2024
Subjects: Engineering
Health Sciences

description: BACKGROUND: Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) are major components of human milk that may mediate its beneficial effects on infant growth. OBJECTIVES: To investigate relationships between HMO concentrations in milk at 6 wk postpartum and anthropometry to 4 y of age in human milk-fed infants. METHODS: Milk samples were collected from 292 mothers at 6 wk (median 6.0 wk; range 3.3, 11.1] postpartum in a longitudinal, population-derived cohort. Of the infants, 171 were exclusively human milk-fed to 3 mo of age and 127 to 6 mo. Concentrations of 19 HMOs were quantified using high-performance liquid chromatography. Maternal secretor status (n = 221 secretors) was determined from 2'-fucosyllactose (2'FL) concentration. We calculated z-scores for child weight, length, head circumference, summed triceps and subscapular skinfold thicknesses, and weight-for-length at 6 wk, 6 mo, 12 mo, and 4 y. We investigated associations of secretor status and each HMO measure with change from birth for each z-score using linear mixed-effects models. RESULTS: Maternal secretor status was not associated with anthropometric z-scores up to 4 y of age. Several HMOs were associated with z-scores at 6 wk and 6 mo, predominantly within secretor status subgroups. Higher levels of 2'FL were associated with greater weight [β = 0.91 increase in z-score per SD increase log-2'FL, 95% CI (0.17, 1.65)] and length [β = 1.22, (0.25, 2.20)] in children born to secretor mothers, but not body composition measures. Higher lacto-N-tetraose was associated with greater weight [β = 0.22, (0.02, 0.41)] and length (β = 0.30, (0.07, 0.53)] among children born to nonsecretor mothers. Several HMOs were associated with anthropometric measures at 12 mo and 4 y of age. CONCLUSIONS: Milk HMO composition at 6 wk postpartum is associated with several anthropometry measures up to 6 mo of age in a potential secretor status-specific manner, with largely different HMOs associating with anthropometry from 12 mo to 4 y of age.
Funding models for open infrastructure
Creators: name: Thaney, Kaitlin
name: Samala
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: open infrastructure
funding models
venture philanthropy

description: Slides from an October 2022 presentation on Funding models for open infrastructure at the IOI Funders Summit by Kaitlin Thaney and Samala from Invest in Open Infrastructure. More information about the Summit: https://hackmd.io/@investinopen/Funders-Summit-2022
description: Additional information about how our work is funded can be found here: https://investinopen.org/about/how-were-funded/
Riding on irrelevant operators
Creators: name: de Rham, Claudia
name: Ribeiro, Raquel H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the stability of a class of derivative theories known as $P(X)$ and Galileons against corrections generated by quantum effects. We use an exact renormalisation group approach to argue that these theories are stable under quantum corrections at all loops in regions where the kinetic term is large compared to the strong coupling scale. This is the regime of interest for screening or Vainshtein mechanisms, and in inflationary models that rely on large kinetic terms. Next, we clarify the role played by the symmetries. While symmetries protect the form of the quantum corrections, theories equipped with more symmetries do not necessarily have a broader range of scales for which they are valid. We show this by deriving explicitly the regime of validity of the classical solutions for $P(X)$ theories including Dirac-Born-Infeld (DBI) models, both in generic and for specific background field configurations. Indeed, we find that despite the existence of an additional symmetry, the DBI effective field theory has a regime of validity similar to an arbitrary $P(X)$ theory. We explore the implications of our results for both early and late universe contexts. Conversely, when applied to static and spherical screening mechanisms, we deduce that the regime of validity of typical power-law $P(X)$ theories is much larger than that of DBI.
description: v1: 48 pages, 2 figures, 1 table; v2: references added and typos fixed, results unchanged. v3: matches version published in JCAP, 54 pages
Quasicrystalline Nanocrystal Superlattice with Partial Matching Rules
Creators: name: Ye, Xingchen
name: Chen, Jun
name: Irrgang, M. Eric
name: Engel, Michael
name: Dong, Angang
name: Glotzer, Sharon C.
name: Murray, Christopher B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Expanding the library of self-assembled superstructures provides insight into the behavior of atomic crystals and supports the development of materials with mesoscale order. Here we build upon recent findings of soft matter quasicrystals and report a quasicrystalline binary nanocrystal superlattice that exhibits correlations in the form of partial matching rules reducing tiling disorder. We determine a three-dimensional structure model through electron tomography and direct imaging of surface topography. The 12-fold rotational symmetry of the quasicrystal is broken in sub-layers, forming a random tiling of rectangles, large triangles, and small triangles with 6-fold symmetry. We analyze the geometry of the experimental tiling and discuss factors relevant for the stabilization of the quasicrystal. Our joint experimental-computational study demonstrates the power of nanocrystal superlattice engineering and further narrows the gap between the richness of crystal structures found with atoms and in soft matter assemblies.
description: 18 pages, 4 figures
Statistics of Anisotropies in Inflation with Spectator Vector Fields
Creators: name: Thorsrud, Mikjel
name: Urban, Federico R.
name: Mota, David F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the statistics of the primordial power spectrum in models where massless gauge vectors are coupled to the inflaton, paying special attention to observational implications of having fundamental or effective horizons embedded in a bath of infrared fluctuations. As quantum infrared modes cross the horizon, they classicalize and build a background vector field. We find that the vector experiences a statistical precession phenomenon. Implications for primordial correlators and the interpretation thereof are considered. Firstly, we show how in general two, not only one, additional observables, a quadrupole amplitude and an intrinsic shape parameter, are necessary to fully describe the correction to the curvature power spectrum, and develop a unique parametrization for them. Secondly, we show that the observed anisotropic amplitude and the associated preferred direction depend on the volume of the patch being probed. We calculate non-zero priors for the expected deviations between detections based on microwave background data (which probes the entire Hubble patch) and large scale structure (which only probes a fraction of it).
description: 33 pages, 9 figures, v2: refs added, correction in Appendix A, matches version published in JCAP
Struggles and coping mechanisms of at-risk university freshmen in Singapore: Revisiting Schlossberg’s Transition Theory
Creators: name: Yee, PUA Ching
name: Jasin, Jamil
name: Wilson, Ingrid M.
name: Lim, Sok Mui May
Publisher: name: Singapore Institute of Technology
Year: 2024

description: While adapting to a completely new learning environment, first-year university students who are less academically inclined and lacking emotional regulation can easily be overwhelmed by independent learning, complex subject matter, and a heavy workload. Such challenges of transitioning into university can compound and lead to student disengagement. The current study aims to understand how at-risk students transitioned into a university in Singapore in the months after their transition. Interview data regarding perceptions, support systems, and study strategies of 13 at-risk students were collected and analysed. Schlossberg's Transition Theory was used as a theoretical foundation to discuss the findings of this paper within the wider literature and propose recommendations for educators. Three themes emerged: (1) the role of peers, (2) struggles of university learning, and (3) coping strategies. Overall, university freshmen were aware of their need to adapt to the demands of university learning, but remained overwhelmed with academic demands, struggled with self-directed learning and time management, and hence, reported a drop in self efficacy and motivation. This was combatted to an extent by employing solution- and emotion-focused coping strategies. Peers were also highlighted as important sources of support in exchanging knowledge and reducing emotional distress. Implications for educators are highlighted in supporting at-risk students.
Effect of limiting the cathode surface on direct current microhollow cathode discharge in helium
Creators: name: DUFOUR, Thierry
name: dussart, rémi
name: Lefaucheux, Philippe
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 510602
subject: Plasma physics; fusion plasmas; electrical discharges

description: This paper describes how to light several microdischarges in parallel without having to individually ballast each one. The V-I curve of a microhollow cathode discharge is characterized by a constant voltage in the normal glow regime because the plasma is able to spread over the cathode surface area to provide the additional secondary electrons needed. If one limits the cathode surface area, the V-I characteristic can be forced into an abnormal glow regime in which the operating voltage must increase with the current. It is then possible to light several microdischarges mounted in parallel without ballasting them individually.
Odd-parity triplet superconductivity in multi-orbital materials with strong spin-orbit coupling: applications to doped Sr2IrO4
Creators: name: Meng, Zi Yang
name: Kim, Yong Baek
name: Kee, Hae-Young
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore possible superconducting states in $t_{2g}$ multi-orbital correlated electron systems with strong spin-orbit coupling (SOC). In order to study such systems in a controlled manner, we employ large-scale dynamical mean-field theory (DMFT) simulations with the hybridization expansion continuous-time Quantum Monte Carlo (CTQMC) impurity solver. To determine the pairing symmetry, we go beyond the local DMFT formalism using parquet equations to introduce the momentum dependence in the two-particle vertex and correlation functions. In the strong SOC limit, a singlet, $d$-wave pairing state in the electron-doped side of the phase diagram is observed at weak Hund's coupling, which is triggered by antiferromagnetic fluctuations. When the Hund's coupling is comparable to SOC, a two-fold degenerate, triplet $p$-wave pairing state with relatively high $T_c$ emerges in the hole-doped side of the phase diagram, which is associated with enhanced charge fluctuations. Experimental implications to doped Sr$_{2}$IrO$_{4}$ are discussed.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
A Cold Atomic Beam Interferometer
Creators: name: Xue, H. B.
name: Feng, Y. Y.
name: Chen, S.
name: Wang, X. J.
name: Yan, X. S.
name: Jiang, Z. K.
name: Zhou, Z. Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate an atom interferometer that uses a laser-cooled continuous beam of $^{87}$Rb atoms having velocities of 10--20 m/s. With spatially separated Raman beams to coherently manipulate the atomic wave packets, Mach--Zehnder interference fringes are observed at an interference distance of 2L = 19 mm. The apparatus operates within a small enclosed area of 0.07 mm$^2$ at a bandwidth of 190 Hz with a deduced sensitivity of $7.8\times10^{-5}$ rad/s/$\sqrt{Hz}$ for rotations. Using a low-velocity continuous atomic source in an atom interferometer enables high sampling rates and bandwidths without sacrificing sensitivity and compactness, which are important for applications in real dynamic environments.
description: 16 pages, 5 figures
RF impedance measurements of DC atmospheric micro-discharges
Creators: name: DUFOUR, Thierry
name: Overzet, Lawrence J.
name: Goeckner, Matthew
name: dussart, rémi
name: Lefaucheux, Philippe
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 510602
subject: Plasma physics; fusion plasmas; electrical discharges

description: The available diagnostics for atmospheric micro-plasmas remain limited and relatively complex to implement; so we present a radio-frequency technique for diagnosing a key parameter here. The technique allows one to estimate the dependencies of the electron density by measuring the RF-impedance of the micro-plasma and analyzing it with an appropriate equivalent circuit. This technique is inexpensive, can be used in real time and gives reasonable results for argon and helium DC micro-plasmas in holes over a wide pressure range. The electron density increases linearly with current in the expected range consistent with normal glow discharge behavior.
The effects of the loss of PODPC1 in the regeneration of the zebrafish heart and the characterisation of the PODPC1 null mutant zebrafish
Creators: name: Boland, Lauren
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2021

description: Popeye domain containing 1 (Popdc1) is a member of the POPDC gene family, which code for membrane proteins abundantly expressed in heart and skeletal muscle. They bind cAMP and are thought to function as effector proteins involved in stress signalling. popdc1 null mutant zebrafish have been created using TALENs to cause a premature stop codon resulting in a heavily truncated and non-functional peptide being translated. These mutants survive embryogenesis and larval development and so here I begin to characterise the adults. Popdc1 null mutants displayed abnormal outflow tracts and heart positioning which may cause cardiac stress. It was also observed that cardiomyocyte size is reduced and heart size is increased in mutants, which could result from cardiac remodelling because of stressors such as pressure overload. Moreover, mutants had a thickened cortical layer and reduced trabecular complexity which may lead to improper heart function. Single nuclear RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq) data show a reduction in presumptive trabecular cardiomyocytes and a unique population of hyper-stressed cardiomyocytes which could explain the morphological differences in the mutant. This data also showed popdc1 null mutant cardiomyocytes had abnormalities in genes involved in energy metabolism and cardiac regeneration including fstl1b, tbx5a and runx1. When heart regeneration was tested, mutants displayed reduced regenerative capacity and cardiomyocyte proliferation. Ploidy was also increased in mutant cardiomyocytes, a factor known to hinder cardiomyocyte proliferation. However, this was contrary to the negative regulatory effect that the POPDC proteins have on the proto-oncogene, c-Myc, which would have predicted that the loss of popdc1 would enhance regeneration. Overall, the adult popdc1 null mutant hearts have several morphological phenotypes which are likely caused by or the cause of a hyper-stressed population of cardiomyocytes. High stress along with other factors is also likely to cause the reduced regenerative capacity observed in the mutants.
Experimental study and simulation of a micro-discharge with limited cathode area
Creators: name: DUFOUR, Thierry
name: Overzet, Lawrence J.
name: dussart, rémi
name: Pitchford, Leanne
name: Sadeghi, Nader
name: Lefaucheux, Philippe
name: Ranson, Pierre
name: Kulsresath, Mukesh
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 510602
subject: Plasma physics; fusion plasmas; electrical discharges

description: We report in this paper simulation results and experimental measurements to characterize a micro-discharge generated in a single micro cavity device operating in helium. By spatially limiting the cathode surface area using a dielectric layer, we demonstrate the ability of the micro-discharge to work in a steady-state abnormal glow regime. The physical properties of this regime are discussed.
Precise focus point scenario for a natural Higgs boson in the MSSM
Creators: name: Kyae, Bumseok
name: Shin, Chang Sub
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A small Higgs mass parameter m_{h_u}^2 can be insensitive to various trial heavy stop masses, if a universal soft squared mass is assumed for the chiral superpartners and the Higgs boson at the grand unification (GUT) scale, and a focus point (FP) of m_{h_u}^2 appears around the stop mass scale. The challenges in the FP scenario are (1) a too heavy stop mass (~ 5 TeV) needed for the 126 GeV Higgs mass and (2) the too high gluino mass bound (> 1.4 TeV). For a successful FP scenario, we consider (1) a superheavy right-hand (RH) neutrino and (2) the first and second generations of hierarchically heavier chiral superpartners. The RH neutrino can move a FP in the higher energy direction in the space of (Q, m_{h_u}^2(Q)), where Q denotes the renormalization scale. On the other hand, the hierarchically heavier chiral superpartners can lift up a FP in that space through two-loop gauge interactions. Precise focusing of m_{h_u}^2(Q) is achieved with the RH neutrino mass of ~ 10^{14} GeV together with an order one (0.9-1.2) Dirac Yukawa coupling to the Higgs boson, and the hierarchically heavy masses of 15-20 TeV for the heavier generations of superpartners, when the U(1)_R breaking soft parameters, m_{1/2} and A_0 are set to be 1 TeV at the GUT scale. Those values can naturally explain the small neutrino mass through the seesaw mechanism, and suppress the flavor violating processes in supersymmetric models.
description: 29 pages, 7 eps figures, version to appear in Phys. Rev. D
Multi-View Graph Convolutional Network for Multimedia Recommendation
Creators: name: Yu, Penghang
name: Tan, Zhiyi
name: Lu, Guanming
name: Bao, Bing-Kun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Multimedia recommendation has received much attention in recent years. It models user preferences based on both behavior information and item multimodal information. Though current GCN-based methods achieve notable success, they suffer from two limitations: (1) Modality noise contamination to the item representations. Existing methods often mix modality features and behavior features in a single view (e.g., user-item view) for propagation, the noise in the modality features may be amplified and coupled with behavior features. In the end, it leads to poor feature discriminability; (2) Incomplete user preference modeling caused by equal treatment of modality features. Users often exhibit distinct modality preferences when purchasing different items. Equally fusing each modality feature ignores the relative importance among different modalities, leading to the suboptimal user preference modeling. To tackle the above issues, we propose a novel Multi-View Graph Convolutional Network for the multimedia recommendation. Specifically, to avoid modality noise contamination, the modality features are first purified with the aid of item behavior information. Then, the purified modality features of items and behavior features are enriched in separate views, including the user-item view and the item-item view. In this way, the distinguishability of features is enhanced. Meanwhile, a behavior-aware fuser is designed to comprehensively model user preferences by adaptively learning the relative importance of different modality features. Furthermore, we equip the fuser with a self-supervised auxiliary task. This task is expected to maximize the mutual information between the fused multimodal features and behavior features, so as to capture complementary and supplementary preference information simultaneously. Extensive experiments on three public datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of our methods.
description: MM'23
Periodic Array of Bose-Einstein condensates in a Magnetic Lattice
Creators: name: Jose, Smitha
name: Surendran, Prince
name: Wang, Yibo
name: Herrera, Ivan
name: Krzemien, Leszek
name: Whitlock, Shannon
name: McLean, Russell
name: Sidorov, Andrei
name: Hannaford, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the realization of a periodic array of Bose-Einstein condensates of 87Rb |F = 1; mF = -1> atoms trapped in a one-dimensional magnetic lattice close (8 micrometres) to the surface of an atom chip. A clear signature for the onset of BEC in the magnetic lattice is provided by in-situ site-resolved radiofrequency (RF) spectra, which exhibit a pronounced bimodal distribution consisting of a narrow component characteristic of a BEC together with a broad thermal cloud component. Similar bimodal distributions are found for various sites across the magnetic lattice. The realization of a periodic array of multiple BECs in a magnetic lattice represents a major advance towards the implementation of magnetic lattices to simulate many-body condensed matter phenomena in lattices of complex geometry and arbitrary period.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures
Quantum Metrological Bounds for Vector Parameter
Creators: name: Zhang, Yu-Ran
name: Fan, Heng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Precise measurement is crucial to science and technology. However, the rule of nature imposes various restrictions on the precision that can be achieved depending on specific methods of measurement. In particular, quantum mechanics poses the ultimate limit on precision which can only be approached but never be violated. Depending on analytic techniques, these bounds may not be unique. Here, in view of prior information, we investigate systematically the precision bounds of the total mean-square error of vector parameter estimation which contains $d$ independent parameters. From quantum Ziv-Zakai error bounds, we derive two kinds of quantum metrological bounds for vector parameter estimation, both of which should be satisfied. By these bounds, we show that a constant advantage can be expected via simultaneous estimation strategy over the optimal individual estimation strategy, which solves a long-standing problem. A general framework for obtaining the lower bounds in a noisy system is also proposed.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
Dissolution-driven propulsion of floating solids
Creators: name: Chaigne, Martin
name: Berhanu, Michael
name: Kudrolli, Arshad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that unconstrained asymmetric dissolving solids floating in a fluid can move rectilinearly as a result of attached density currents which occur along their inclined surfaces. Solids in the form of boats composed of centimeter-scale sugar and salt slabs attached to a buoy are observed to move rapidly in water with speeds up to 5 mm/s determined by the inclination angle and orientation of the dissolving surfaces. While symmetric boats drift slowly, asymmetric boats are observed to accelerate rapidly along a line before reaching a terminal velocity when their drag matches the thrust generated by dissolution. By visualizing the flow around the body, we show that the boat velocity is always directed opposite to the horizontal component of the density current. We derive the thrust acting on the body from its measured kinematics, and show that the propulsion mechanism is consistent with the unbalanced momentum generated by the attached density current. We obtain an analytical formula for the body speed depending on geometry and material properties, and show that it captures the observed trends reasonably. Our analysis shows that the gravity current sets the scale of the body speed consistent with our observations, and we estimate that speeds can grow slowly as the cube-root of the length of the inclined dissolving surface. The dynamics of dissolving solids demonstrated here applies equally well to solids undergoing phase change, and may enhance the drift of melting icebergs, besides unraveling a primal strategy by which to achieve locomotion in active matter.
Integrated micro-plasmas in silicon operating in helium
Creators: name: DUFOUR, Thierry
name: dussart, rémi
name: Lefaucheux, Philippe
name: Overzet, Lawrence J.
name: Kulsresath, Mukesh
name: Tillocher, Thomas
name: Aubry, Olivier
name: Dozias, Sébastien
name: Ranson, Pierre
name: Goeckner, Matthew
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 510602
subject: Plasma physics; fusion plasmas; electrical discharges

description: Microplasma arrays operating in helium in a DC regime have been produced in silicon microreactors. Cathode boundary layer (CBL) type microdevices were elaborated using clean room facilities and semiconductor processing techniques. Ignition of the micro-discharge arrays having either 50 or 100 μm diameter cavities was studied. Two different structures (isotropically etched or anisotropically etched cavity) and various conditions (the two different voltage polarities, pressures etc.) were investigated. 100 microdischarges of 50 μm diameter could be ignited in parallel at 1000 Torr. At high current, some parasitic and transient sparks appeared at the edge of the sample. When the polarization was reversed (cathode side corresponding the opened electrode), more current was needed to light all the microdischarges. A thermally affected zone around the hole on the anode side was obtained after operation.
"Buddha's Light" of Cumulative Particles
Creators: name: Kopeliovich, Vladimir B.
name: Matushko, Galina K.
name: Potashnikova, Irina K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show analytically that in the cumulative particles production off nuclei multiple interactions lead to a glory-like backward focusing effect. Employing the small phase space method we arrived at a characteristic angular dependence of the production cross section $dσ\sim 1/ \sqrt {π- θ}$ near the strictly backward direction. This effect takes place for any number $n\geq 3 $ of interactions of rescattered particle, either elastic or inelastic (with resonance excitations in intermediate states), when the final particle is produced near corresponding kinematical boundary. Such a behaviour of the cross section near the backward direction is in qualitative agreement with some of available data. Explanation of this effect and the angular dependence of the cross section near $θ\sim π$ are presented for the first time.
description: The proof of the azimuthal focusing for arbitrary polar angles of the momenta of rescattered light particle is given (section 4). Amendments made in the text and figures. Presented at the International seminar Quarks-2014, Suzdal', Russia, 2-8 June 2014. 26 pages, 7 figures. To the memory of Lyonya Kondratyuk, outstanding scientist and person