Catocala praeclara subsp. manitoba Beutenmuller 1908
Creators: name: Gall, Lawrence
name: Hawks, David
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Noctuidae
Catocala
Catocala praeclara
Catocala praeclara ssp. manitoba beutenmüller

description: <i>Catocala praeclara</i> ssp. <i>manitoba</i> Beutenmüller, stat. n. Fig. 26 (lectotype) <i>Catocala manitoba</i> Beutenmüller, 1908: 54 <i>Catocala manitoba</i>; Barnes and McDunnough 1918: 41 <i>Catocala manitoba</i>; McDunnough 1938: 118 <i>Catocala manitoba</i>; Franclemont and Todd 1983: 129 <b>Type material.</b> <i>Catocala manitoba</i>: the original description states “Types. -- Collections: American Museum of Natural History, Rutgers College, and George J. Keller.” There are seven types at the AMNH, and a male is designated as <b>lectotype</b> to clarify application of the name <i>manitoba</i>. Th e lectotype bears the labels “Cartwright / Manitoba, Canadian / E. F. Heath / VIII 22 07”, “Type / No. / A.M.N.H.”, “ Catocala / manitoba / Beuten.” Beutenmüller considered <i>C. manitoba</i> closely related to <i>C. praeclara</i> Grote &amp; Robinson, 1866, and Barnes and McDunnough (1918: 41) felt this “duller and darker-colored form” might “merely be a geographical race” of <i>praeclara</i>. 60 <i>Lawrence F. Gall &amp; David C. Hawks / ZooKeys 39: 37–83 (2010)</i> <b>Figures 25–32.</b> Type specimens of <i>Catocala</i>. <b>25</b> lectotype, <i>C. maestosa</i> Hulst, 1884 <b>26</b> lectotype, <i>C. manitoba</i> Beutenmüller, 1908 <b>27</b> lectotype, <i>C. miranda</i> H. Edwards, 1881 <b>28</b> lectotype, <i>C. nebraskae</i> Dodge, 1875 <b>29</b> lectotype, <i>C. nerissa</i> H. Edwards, 1880 <b>30</b> lectotype, <i>C. nevadensis</i> Beutenmüller, 1907 <b>3Ι</b> lectotype, <i>C. nuptula</i> Walker, [1858] <b>32</b> lectotype, <i>C. nurus</i> Walker, [1858]. 25 26 27 29 3Ι 28 30 32 I cm Beutenmüller described the forewings of <i>C. manitoba</i> as generally more concolorous and less lustrous than <i>C. praeclara</i>, with a reduced basal dash “scarcely extending to the middle of the basal area, sometimes absent” (a basal dash is a prominent characteristic of eastern <i>C. praeclara</i> populations). At that time, there was an apparent geographic disjunction between <i>C. manitoba</i>, which had only been recorded from Manitoba, and <i>C. praeclara</i>, which was known from the eastern coast of the USA and maritime Canada. Specimens referable to <i>C. manitoba</i> are now known from over forty localities in Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba, Wisconsin, Minnesota, North Dakota, northern South Dakota and northern Wyoming. Similarly, populations of <i>praeclara</i> are now known from throughout the Great Lakes region, and then eastward to the seacoast. Individuals lacking a basal dash occur sporadically throughout the entire range of <i>C. praeclara</i> (more frequently in Michigan, Wisconsin and Minnesota, and the southern USA; see above under account for <i>C. charlottae</i> Brou, 1988), and the same individuals that lack the basal dash often have less iridescent and/or more concolorous forewings. A paratype of <i>C. manitoba</i> in the ANSP has a prominent basal dash and markings otherwise consistent with nominate <i>C. praeclara</i>, lacking only the lustrous scaling. Beutenmüller also stated that the two medial teeth of the postmedian forewing line were of nearly equal size in <i>C. praeclara</i>, and unequal in <i>C. manitoba</i>, but this distinction does not hold over the broader distributions now known. Because these several traits vary inconsistently over a widespread area, and covary to a certain extent, particularly in the geographic sampling gap of Beutenmüller’s time, we treat <i>C. manitoba</i> as a subspecies of <i>C. praeclara</i> Grote &amp; Robinson, 1866 Populations to the west and north of Minnesota most consistently and uniformly display the characteristics ascribed to <i>C. p. manitoba</i>. Type Locality: restricted to Cartwright, Manitoba, [Canada] on the basis of the lectotype labels.
description: Published as part of <i>Gall, Lawrence &amp; Hawks, David, 2010, Systematics of moths in the genus Catocala (Lepidoptera, Erebidae) IV. Nomenclatorial stabilization of the Nearctic fauna, with a revised synonymic check list, pp. 37-83 in ZooKeys 39 (39)</i> on pages 59-61, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.39.425, http://zenodo.org/record/576632
description: {"references": ["Beutenmuller W (1908) Description of a new Catocala. Entomological News 19: 54 - 55.", "Barnes W, McDunnough J (1918) Illustrations of the North American species of the genus Catocala. Memoirs of the American Museum of Natural History 3: 1 - 47.", "McDunnough JH (1938) Check List of the Lepidoptera of Canada and the United States of America. Part I. Macrolepidoptera. Memoirs of the Southern California Academy of Sciences 1: 1 - 275.", "Franclemont JG, Todd EL (1983) Noctuidae. In: Hodges RW (Ed) Check list of the Lepidoptera of America north of Mexico. University Press, Cambidge, 120 - 159.", "Hulst GD (1884) The genus Catocala. Bulletin of the Brooklyn Entomological Society 7: 14 - 56.", "Edwards H (1881) Descriptions of some new species of Heterocera. Papilio 1: 115 - 122.", "Dodge GM (1875) Catocala nebraskae Dodge. Canadian Entomologist 7: 2.", "Beutenmuller W (1907) New forms of Catocala. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 23: 935 - 940.", "Brou VA (1988) A new species of Catocala from the southeast United States. Journal of The Lepidopterists' Society 42: 116 - 119."]}