cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Reconsideration of hydraulic devices towards a  mutual adjustment into the adaptive processes for  contemporary city
Creators: name: D’Alterio, Stefania
Publisher: name: UPLanD - Journal of Urban Planning, Landscape & environmental Design
Year: 2019

description: At this historic moment, marked by environmental, economic, social and not least ethical crisis, the contemporary city is affected by the co-existence and the interaction of a set of risk conditions, amplified by ongoing climate change even more. At the national and international level, one of the increased emerging critical issues is the urban water management, both in terms of resource scarcity and hydraulic and hydrogeological soils fragility. Then, of course, there are the need and the urgency to promote integrated actions related to resilient urban regeneration (Holling & Gunderson, 2002; Walker et al., 2004; Folke et al., 2010; Miller et al., 2010; Davoudi, 2012, 2013), starting both identity-making data and endogenous spatial characteristic. Moreover, this process will have to be tackled within the framework of a more general reinterpretation about the idea of urban metabolism (Wolman, 1965; Duvigneaud e Denayer-De Smet, 1977; Acebillo, 2013; Balducci, Fedeli, Curci, 2017), that acquires the resources and chains reconsideration as a representative priority. This contribution is intended to represent a possible line of thought about the role that green and blue infrastructures can take, or they are already taking, in some virtuous cases within the rewriting process of contemporary urban physiology. This procedure starting from the recognition of a potential structure able to reinterpret the urban materials, to enhance the new resources and to rephrase the intersection, opposition and overlapping links peculiar to the heterogeneity of urban landscapes.
description: UPLanD - Journal of Urban Planning, Landscape & environmental Design, V. 4 N. 1: Urban Water Management 2.0
Shaped angular dependence of the spin transfer torque and microwave generation without magnetic field
Creators: name: Boulle, O.
name: Cros, V.
name: Grollier, J.
name: Pereira, L. G.
name: Deranlot, C.
name: Petroff, F.
name: Faini, G.
name: Barnas, J.
name: Fert, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The generation of oscillations in the microwave frequency range is one of the most important applications expected from spintronics devices exploiting the spin transfer phenomenon. We report transport and microwave power measurements on specially designed nanopillars for which a non-standard angular dependence of the spin transfer torque (wavy variation) is predicted by theoretical models. We observe a new kind of current-induced dynamics that is characterized by large angle precessions in the absence of any applied field, as this is also predicted by simulation with such a wavy angular dependence of the torque. This type of non-standard nanopillars can represent an interesting way for the implementation of spin transfer oscillators since they are able to generate microwave oscillations without applied magnetic field. We also emphasize the theoretical implications of our results on the angular dependence of the torque.
Ecological physiology of conifer seedling and sapling suppression by, and release from, competing vegetation
Creators: name: Bigley, Richard Ernest
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The overall objective of this thesis was to improve our understanding of the light environment associated with two of the major deciduous competitors of commercial conifer seedlings in low elevation coastal British Columbia, and the physiological response of young conifers to specific environments and changes in the environment. Studies were conducted to investigate: 1) seasonal and herbicide-induced changes in the light regimes beneath the canopies of two brush species, 2) growth and physiology of seedlings of three conifer species in several different deciduous brush environments throughout the year, and 3) changes in the physiology and growth of suppressed conifer saplings when different methods and schedules were used to reduce shading from an overtopping red alder canopy. Seasonal changes in the light quantity and quality were documented within salmonberry (Rubus spectabilis Pursch) and below red alder (Alnus rubra Bong.) canopies. The prediction of light attenuation within salmonberry canopies using the Beer-Lambert law was good for foliated canopies using leaf area index, and defoliated canopies using stem area index. As salmonberry leaf area increased, the ratio of red to far-red light declined exponentially. Growth of grand fir (Abies qrandis (Dougl.) Forbes), western hemlock (Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.) and Douglas-fir (Pseudetsuga menziesii (Mirbel) Franco) seedlings decreased with increases in the canopy density of overtopping deciduous species. Physiological differences between conifer species and differences between overtopping canopy treatments declined in the autumn and winter. Based on the physiological measurements, suppression of the shade intolerant Douglas-fir seedlings was greatly reduced during the period that overtopping deciduous canopies were leafless. Animal damage reduces growth and probably increases the duration seedlings are under overtopping canopies. Suppressed Douglas-fir saplings released from overtopping by red alder canopies showed the greatest growth response when the alder canopies were removed in the spring; complete removal of the alder canopy during the summer had a predictably deleterious effect on the sapling physiology and growth. Herbicide injections resulted in a slower but predictable increase in conifer growth.
Enabling ensemble-based methods for computational drug campaigns at scale on high performance computing clusters
Creators: name: Dakka, Jumana
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2019

description: Free energy calculations that use molecular dynamics (MD) simulations are emerg- ing as an important tool for studying important problems like computational drug de- sign. Recent evidence suggests that free energy calculations, specifically binding affinity calculations, i.e., calculations that quantify the strength of interactions between drug molecules and target proteins, can achieve useful predictive accuracy (< 1 kcal/mol) to impact clinical decision making in computational drug design. However, free en- ergy calculations must provide results rapidly and without loss of accuracy. The dual challenge of scaling thousands of concurrent simulations and adaptive selection of fa- vorable simulations based upon feedback from statistical errors and uncertainty need to be tacked. To address these challenges requires advances in algorithms, efficient utilization of supercomputing resources, and software tools that facilitate the scalable and automated computation of varied free energy calculations. This thesis evaluates the requirements of large-scale and adaptive ensemble-based approaches in order to build a software tool designed to enable applications like computational drug campaigns.In this thesis, we introduce a software tool called the High-Throughput Binding Affinity Calculator (HTBAC), the primary contributions of which are: (i) its ability to apply recent advances in workflow system building blocks to binding affinity calculations, (ii) the ability to execute simulations independent of the simulation software package or supercomputing resources, (iii) enable features of scalability and adaptivity in order to improve resource utilization and scientific results.
MPEC 2023-Y95 : 2023 BG
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Zusammenfassung der Diskussion
Creators: name: Tenfelde, Klaus
Publisher: name: Moving the Social
Year: 2014

description: This is the contribution "Zusammenfassung der Diskussion" of MTS 18 (1997).
description: Moving the Social, Vol 18 (1997): Kolloquium für Hans Mommsen: Freiheit und Sozialismus. Arbeiterbewegung und Menschenrechte in Deutschland im 19./20. Jhd
A study of closure in sonata-form first movements in selected works of W. A. Mozart
Creators: name: Batt, Robert Gordon
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This study of large-scale closure in Mozart's sonata-form first movements focusses on the structure and function of the closing section in these works, the section that brings the exposition and recapitulation sections to an end. Also taken into account are closural effects of the coda (when present) and the subordinate theme area. Because sonata form in the 18th-century involves a variety of differently-functioning sections such as themes and transitions, the analytical approach adopted centers on matters of form—the ways in which all the various channels of musical structure (primarily rhythm, melody, and harmony) interact to shape a particular piece—and in particular on the form of the closing section. The study is limited to one composer's use of one section in one formal type, thereby reaching highly specific conclusions about this facet of sonata form at a particular stage in music history. Since each section of sonata form has a distinct, unique structure and function, the study aims at identifying these in the closing section, and at contrasting them with the other sections of the form. If closure is primarily generated in the closing section, then there must be particular structures found mainly in that section that are responsible for closure. The majority of Mozart's closing sections are based on a model which can be simplified to aabbcc, where each letter symbolizes one group. The second, fourth, and sixth entries may be either exact repeats or variants of the first, third, and fifth entries respectively. The most common lengths in measures are (4 + 4) + (2 + 2) + (1+1). An example is the Sonata for Violin and Piano in B-flat Major, K. 454, mm. 50-65. Chapter 1 is primarily a survey of previous writing on the subject of closure. Chapter 2 presents a theory that accounts for structure at various levels of Mozart's sonata form. Chapters 3 through 6 contain discussion and analysis of different types of closing sections and movements. Chapter 7 includes a summary of the research undertaken.
Entanglement generation resonances in XY chains
Creators: name: Rossignoli, R.
name: Schmiegelow, C. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the maximum entanglement reached by an initially fully aligned state evolving in an XY Heisenberg spin chain placed in a uniform transverse magnetic field. Both the global entanglement between one qubit and the rest of the chain and the pairwise entanglement between adjacent qubits is analyzed. It is shown that in both cases the maximum is not a monotonous decreasing function of the aligning field, exhibiting instead a resonant behavior for low anisotropies, with pronounced peaks (a total of [n/2] peaks in the global entanglement for an $n$-spin chain), whose width is proportional to the anisotropy and whose height remains finite in the limit of small anisotropy. It is also seen that the maximum pairwise entanglement is not a smooth function of the field even in small finite chains, where it may exhibit narrow peaks above strict plateaus. Explicit analytical results for small chains, as well as general exact results for finite n-spin chains obtained through the Jordan-Wigner mapping, are discussed.
Anchoring-dependent bifurcation in nematic microflows within cylindrical capillaries
Creators: name: Steffen, Paul
name: Stellamanns, Eric
name: Sengupta, Anupam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Capillary microflows of liquid crystal phases are central to material, biological and bio-inspired systems. Despite their fundamental and applied significance, a detailed understanding of the stationary behaviour of nematic liquid crystals (NLC-s) in cylindrical capillaries is still lacking. Here, using numerical simulations based on the continuum theory of Leslie, Ericksen and Parodi, we investigate stationary NLC flows within cylindrical capillaries possessing homeotropic (normal) and uniform planar anchoring conditions. By considering the material parameters of the flow-aligning NLC, 5CB, we report that instead of the expected, unique director field monotonically approaching the alignment angle over corresponding Ericksen numbers (dimensionless number capturing viscous v/s elastic effects), a second solution emerges below a threshold flow rate (or applied pressure gradient). We demonstrate that the onset of the second solution, a nematodynamic bifurcation yielding energetically degenerate director tilts at the threshold pressure gradient, can be controlled by the surface anchoring and the flow driving mechanism (pressure-driven or volume-driven). For homeotropic surface anchoring, this alternate director field orients against the alignment angle in the vicinity of the capillary center; while in the uniform planar case, the alternate director field extends throughout the capillary volume, leading to reduction of the flow speed with increasing pressure gradients. While the practical realization and utilization of such nematodynamic bifurcations still await systematic exploration, signatures of the emergent rheology have been reported previously within microfluidic environments, under both homeotropic (Sengupta et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 110, 048303, 2013) and planar anchoring conditions (Sengupta, Int. J. Mol. Sci. 14, 22826, 2013).
description: 27 pages, 12 figures
Codes and calculation results of quantitative relation between temperature and community entropy
Creators: name: Gao, Junfeng
name: Su, Qiang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: classificationCode: 410401
subject: Conservation and biodiversity

description: Code1: Construction of quantitative relation between temperature and community entropy for BFD datasetCode2: Construction of quantitative relationship between temperature and falling entropy for DIN dataset
Levy-Lieb constrained-search formulation as a minimization of the correlation functional
Creators: name: Site, L. Delle
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The constrained-search formulation of Levy and Lieb, which formally defines the exact Hohenberg-Kohn functional for any N-representable electron density, is here shown to be equivalent to the minimization of the correlation functional with respect to the N-1 conditional probability density, where N is number of electrons of the system. The consequences and implications of such a result are here analyzed and discussed via a practical example.
description: 9 pages, no figures
The belated party. Influences on the British Labour Party in its formative years, 1900 - 1931
Creators: name: Berger, Stefan
Publisher: name: Moving the Social
Year: 2014

description: This is the contribution "The belated party. Influences on the British Labour Party in its formative years, 1900 - 1931" of MTS 18 (1997).
description: Moving the Social, Vol 18 (1997): Kolloquium für Hans Mommsen: Freiheit und Sozialismus. Arbeiterbewegung und Menschenrechte in Deutschland im 19./20. Jhd
Evaluation of real bilge water toxic effects on methanogenic activity
Creators: name: GATIDOU, GEORGIA
name: CHARIS G. SAMANIDES
name: VYRIDES, IOANNIS
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: Bilge water (BW), an oily residue that is accumulated at the bottom of vessels, is mainly generated from pipes’ and engines’ leakage and consisted of lubricating and diesel oil, cleaning solvents, oily sludge and other hydraulic/engine spills from seawater filtrations as well as fresh and seawater. Undeniably, anaerobic treatment of BW could ensure energy and economic benefits as well as waste minimization. However, refractory organics present in BW is possible to inhibit the anaerobic biomass and production of methane-containing biogas. In the present study, Anaerobic Toxicity Assay (ATA) was used in order to evaluate the effect of BW on methanogenic activity of anaerobic granular sludge (AGS). BW was provided by Ecofuel Ltd (Zygi, Cyprus), which collects and treats this type of wastewater. AGS was collected from a mesophilic upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor (UASB). Batch experiments were performed in triplicate, using two concentrations of BW in combination with CH3COOH and HCOONa to test the inhibition of acetoclastic methanogens and hydrogenotrophic methanogens, respectively. Gas measurements were taken daily up to four days and periodically thereafter during three months. Soluble Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) and microbial community profile were also monitored over time.
Einleitung
Creators: name: Wörsdörfer, Rolf
Publisher: name: Moving the Social
Year: 2015

description: This is the contribution "Einleitung" of MTS 21 (1998).
description: Moving the Social, Vol 21 (1998): Sozialgeschichte und soziale Bewegungen in Italien 1848-1998: Forschungen und Forschungsberichte
Assessing the role of quantum effects in 2D heterophase MoTe$_2$ field effect transistors
Creators: name: Jelver, Line
name: Hansen, Ole
name: Jacobsen, Karsten Wedel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have been proposed as candidates for the channel material in future field effect transistor designs. The heterophase design which utilizes the metallic T- or T' phase of the TMD as contacts to the semiconducting H phase channel has shown promising results in terms of bringing down the contact resistance of the device. In this work, we use ab-initio calculations to demonstrate how atomic-scale and quantum effects influence the ballistic transport properties in such heterophase transistors with channel lengths up to 20 nm. We investigate how the charge transfer depends on the carrier density both in T'-H MoTe$_2$ Schottky contacts and planar T'-H-T' MoTe$_2$ transistors. We find that the size of the Schottky barrier and the charge transfer is dominated by the local atomic arrangements at the interface and the doping level. Furthermore, two types of quantum states have a large influence on the charge transport; interface states and standing waves in the semiconductor due to quantum confinement. We find that the latter can be associated with rises in the current by more than an order of magnitude due to resonant tunneling. Our results demonstrate the quantum mechanical nature of these 2D transistors and highlight several challenges and possible solutions for achieving a competitive performance of such devices.
Spectroscopic Signatures of the Vanishing Natural Coronagraph of eta Carinae
Creators: name: Damineli, A.
name: Navarete, F.
name: Hillier, D. J.
name: Moffat, A. F. J.
name: Corcoran, M. F.
name: Gull, T. R.
name: Richardson, N. D.
name: Weigelt, G.
name: Morris, P. W.
name: Stevens, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Eta Carinae is a massive interacting binary system shrouded in a complex circumstellar environment whose evolution is the source of the long-term brightening observed during the last 80 years. An occulter, acting as a natural coronagraph, impacts observations from our perspective, but not from most other directions. Other sight-lines are visible to us through studies of the Homunculus reflection nebula. The coronagraph appears to be vanishing, decreasing the extinction towards the central star, and causing the star's secular brightening. In contrast, the Homunculus remains at an almost constant brightness. The coronagraph primarily suppresses the stellar continuum, to a lesser extent the wind lines, and not the circumstellar emission lines. This explains why the absolute values of equivalent widths (EWs) of the emission lines in our direct view are larger than those seen in reflected by the Homunculus, why the direct view absolute EWs are decreasing with time, and why lower-excitation spectral wind lines formed at larger radii (e.g. FeII 4585A) decrease in intensity at a faster pace than higher excitation lines that form closer to the star (e.g. Hδ). Our main result is that the star, despite its 10-fold brightening over two decades, is relatively stable. A vanishing coronagraph that can explain both the large flux evolution and the much weaker spectral evolution. This is contrary to suggestions that the long-term variability is intrinsic to the primary star that is still recovering from the Great Eruption with a decreasing mass-loss rate and a polar wind that is evolving at a slower pace than at the equator.
description: 20 pages, 10 figures, accepted on MNRAS (May 10th, 2021)
Inhibiting effect of citric acid on the floatability of serpentine activated by Cu(II) and Ni(II) ions
Creators: name: Huang, Jun-Wei
name: Zhang, Cheng-Qiang
Publisher: name: Faculty of Geoengineering, Mining and Geology, Wrocław University of Technology, Wrocław
Year: 2019
Subjects: copper ion, nickel ion, serpentine, floatation, activation, inhibiting

description: Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing; ISSN 2084-4735
Nonlocal Interferometry: Beyond Bell's Inequality
Creators: name: Franson, J. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper presents a tutorial review of nonlocal interferometry. The role of the Feynman propagator in optical coherence is also discussed, including the possibility of generating optical coherence and entanglement outside of the light cone.
description: 13 pages, 16 figures; proceedings of CQO9
Jugend zwischen Krieg und Frieden. Alexander J. Schwitanski (Hg.): „Nie wieder Krieg!“ Antimilitarismus und Frieden in der Geschichte der Sozialistischen Jugendinternationale, Essen: Klartext Verlag 2012
Creators: name: Heith, Holger
Publisher: name: Moving the Social
Year: 2015

description: Alexander J. Schwitanski (Hg.): „Nie wieder Krieg!“ Antimilitarismus und Frieden in der Geschichte der Sozialistischen Jugendinternationale, Essen: Klartext Verlag 2012.
description: Moving the Social, Vol 47 (2012): Essays on social history and the history of social movements
หนังสือเสริมกำลังใจ : การสร้างพลังแห่งการคิดบวกผ่านวรรณกรรม
Creators: name: เกศราพร พรหมนิมิตกุล
Publisher: name: มหาวิทยาลัยมหาสารคาม
Year: 2556
Subjects: กำลังใจ, การคิดบวก

description: 2, 32, วารสารมนุษยศาสตร์และสังคมศาสตร์  มหาวิทยาลัยมหาสารคาม
title: Bulletin de la Société Paul Claudel. 3e trimestre, septembre 2012, n° 207
title: Fidélité au Japon
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: (:Unap)
Publisher: name: Classiques Garnier
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Claudel
subject: Japon
subject: Littérature française
subject: XXe siècle
subject: Diplomatie

description: Avec les contributions d'Yvan Daniel, Shinobu Chujo, Michiko Nara, Pierre Brunel, Michio Kurimura, Jacques Houriez, Dominique Millet-Gérard, Marie-Victoire Nantet, Nina Hellerstein et Catherine Pivot.
Fractional Power Control for Decentralized Wireless Networks
Creators: name: Jindal, Nihar
name: Weber, Steven
name: Andrews, Jeffrey G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We consider a new approach to power control in decentralized wireless networks, termed fractional power control (FPC). Transmission power is chosen as the current channel quality raised to an exponent -s, where s is a constant between 0 and 1. The choices s = 1 and s = 0 correspond to the familiar cases of channel inversion and constant power transmission, respectively. Choosing s in (0,1) allows all intermediate policies between these two extremes to be evaluated, and we see that usually neither extreme is ideal. We derive closed-form approximations for the outage probability relative to a target SINR in a decentralized (ad hoc or unlicensed) network as well as for the resulting transmission capacity, which is the number of users/m^2 that can achieve this SINR on average. Using these approximations, which are quite accurate over typical system parameter values, we prove that using an exponent of 1/2 minimizes the outage probability, meaning that the inverse square root of the channel strength is a sensible transmit power scaling for networks with a relatively low density of interferers. We also show numerically that this choice of s is robust to a wide range of variations in the network parameters. Intuitively, s=1/2 balances between helping disadvantaged users while making sure they do not flood the network with interference.
description: 16 pages, in revision for IEEE Trans. on Wireless Communication
Rich methane premixed laminar flames doped by light unsaturated hydrocarbons - Part I : allene and propyne
Creators: name: Gueniche, Hadj-Ali
name: Glaude, Pierre-Alexandre
name: Dayma, Guillaume
name: Fournet, René
name: Battin-Leclerc, Frédérique
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The structure of three laminar premixed rich flames has been investigated: a pure methane flame and two methane flames doped by allene and propyne, respectively. The gases of the three flames contain 20.9% (molar) of methane and 33.4% of oxygen, corresponding to an equivalence ratio of 1.25 for the pure methane flame. In both doped flames, 2.49% of C3H4 was added, corresponding to a ratio C3H4/CH4 of 12% and an equivalence ratio of 1.55. The three flames have been stabilized on a burner at a pressure of 6.7 kPa using argon as dilutant, with a gas velocity at the burner of 36 cm/s at 333 K. The concentration profiles of stable species were measured by gas chromatography after sampling with a quartz microprobe. Quantified species included carbon monoxide and dioxide, methane, oxygen, hydrogen, ethane, ethylene, acetylene, propyne, allene, propene, propane, 1,2-butadiene, 1,3-butadiene, 1-butene, isobutene, 1-butyne, vinylacetylene, and benzene. The temperature was measured using a PtRh (6%)-PtRh (30%) thermocouple settled inside the enclosure and ranged from 700 K close to the burner up to 1850 K. In order to model these new results, some improvements have been made to a mechanism previously developed in our laboratory for the reactions of C3-C4 unsaturated hydrocarbons. The main reaction pathways of consumption of allene and propyne and of formation of C6 aromatic species have been derived from flow rate analyses.
Environmental noise reduction for holonomic quantum gates
Creators: name: Parodi, Daniele
name: Sassetti, Maura
name: Solinas, Paolo
name: Zanghì, Nino
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the performance of holonomic quantum gates, driven by lasers, under the effect of a dissipative environment modeled as a thermal bath of oscillators. We show how to enhance the performance of the gates by suitable choice of the loop in the manifold of the controllable parameters of the laser. For a simplified, albeit realistic model, we find the surprising result that for a long time evolution the performance of the gate (properly estimated in terms of average fidelity) increases. On the basis of this result, we compare holonomic gates with the so-called stimulated Raman adiabatic passage (STIRAP) gates.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures, to appear in Phys. Rev. A
Particle-Hole Symmetry and the $ν={5/2}$ Quantum Hall State
Creators: name: Lee, Sung-Sik
name: Ryu, Shinsei
name: Nayak, Chetan
name: Fisher, Matthew P. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the implications of approximate particle-hole symmetry in a half-filled Landau level in which a paired quantum Hall state forms. We note that the Pfaffian state is not particle-hole symmetric. Therefore, in the limit of vanishing Landau level mixing, in which particle-hole transformation is an exact symmetry, the Pfaffian spontaneously breaks this symmetry. There is a particle-hole conjugate state, which we call the anti-Pfaffian, which is degenerate with the Pfaffian in this limit. We observe that strong Landau level mixing should favor the Pfaffian, but it is an open problem which state is favored for the moderate Landau level mixing which is present in experiments. We discuss the bulk and edge physics of the anti-Pfaffian. We analyze a simplified model in which transitions between analogs of the two states can be studied in detail. Finally, we discuss experimental implications.
description: arXiv number added to Levin et al. paper
The lifetime of unstable particles in electromagnetic fields
Creators: name: Binosi, Daniele
name: Pascalutsa, Vladimir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the electromagnetic moments of unstable particles (resonances) have an absorptive contribution which quantifies the change of the particle's lifetime in an external electromagnetic field. To give an example we compute here the imaginary part of the magnetic moment for the cases of the muon and the neutron at leading order in the electroweak coupling. We also consider an analogous effect for the strongly-decaying $Δ$(1232) resonance. The result for the muon is Im$ μ= e G_F^2 m^3/768 π^3$, with $e$ the charge and $m$ the mass of the muon, $G_F$ the Fermi constant, which in an external magnetic field of $B$ Tesla give rise to the relative change in the muon lifetime of $3\times 10^{-15} B$. For neutron the effect is of a similar magnitude. We speculate on the observable implications of this effect.
description: 11 pages, 3 figs; published version
Alternate phonologies and morphologies
Creators: name: Bagemihl, Bruce
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This thesis investigates two types of alternate languages: LUDLINGS (also known as language games, speech disguises, etc.), which involve primarily nonconcatenative morphological manipulation of their source languages, and SURROGATE LANGUAGES, which substitute alternative sound-producing mechanisms (whistling or a musical instrument) for the larynx. Chapter 2 explores the autonomy of surrogate systems in relation to both their own modalities and their source language phonologies. After presenting a formal analysis of Akan drum speech, I develop a complete model of the surrogate component. I argue that many properties which distinguish whistle surrogates from instrumental surrogates can only be attributed to the modular organization of this component. The last part of the chapter provides an inventory of the types of processes present in each module of the surrogate component. Chapter 3 presents theoretical treatments of representatives of each of the three major categories of ludlings (templatic, infixing, and reversing), beginning with the katajjait (throat games) of the Canadian Inuit. Although customarily regarded as a form of music, the katajjait are actually a well-developed form of templatic ludling. The implications of an infixing ludling in Tigrinya for tiered and planar geometry are then investigated. The chapter concludes with a detailed analysis of reversing ludlings, based on a parametrized version of the Crossing Constraint. In Chapter 4 I develop an integrated model of alternate linguistic systems, starting with an investigation of where in the grammar the ludling component is located. Drawing on data from more than fifty languages, I propose that there are three conversion modules in this component, each taking a well-defined level of representation as its input. In the last portion of the chapter I explore the possibility that one or more of these modules overlaps with the last module of the surrogate component. I conclude that the similarities exhibited by ludlings and surrogates are not due to a shared conversion module, but rather reflect the interaction of three factors: 1) the salience of certain levels of representation within the grammar; 2) general properties of the domains in which conversion takes place; and 3) membership in a common alternate linguistic component.
Entropic Effects in the Very Low Temperature Regime of Diluted Ising Spin Glasses with Discrete Couplings
Creators: name: Jorg, Thomas
name: Ricci-Tersenghi, Federico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study link-diluted $\pm J$ Ising spin glass models on the hierarchical lattice and on a three-dimensional lattice close to the percolation threshold. We show that previously computed zero temperature fixed points are unstable with respect to temperature perturbations and do not belong to any critical line in the dilution-temperature plane. We discuss implications of the presence of such spurious unstable fixed points on the use of optimization algorithms, and we show how entropic effects should be taken into account to obtain the right physical behavior and critical points.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures. A major typo error in formula (8) has been corrected
Three-loop corrections to the muon and heavy quark decay rates
Creators: name: Czakon, Michał
name: Czarnecki, Andrzej
name: Dowling, Matthew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, $O(α^3)$ corrections to the muon decay rate and $O(α_s^3)$ to heavy quark decays have been determined by Fael, Schönwald, and Steinhauser. This is the first such perturbative improvement of these important quantities in more than two decades. We reveal and explain a symmetry pattern in these new corrections, and confirm the most technically difficult parts of their evaluation.
description: minor improvements, added figure and references, version to appear as a Letter in the Physical Review D
Capturing knots in polymers
Creators: name: Virnau, P.
name: Kardar, M.
name: Kantor, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper visualizes a knot reduction algorithm
description: 2 pages, 4 figures
Single trial EEG signal analysis using outlier information
Creators: name: Birch, Gary Edward
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The goal of this thesis work was to study the characteristics of the EEG signal and then, based on the insights gained from these studies, pursue an initial investigation into a processing method that would extract useful event related information from single trial EEG. The fundamental tool used to study the EEG signal characteristics was autoregressive modeling. Early investigations pointed to the need to employ robust techniques in both model parameter estimation and signal estimation applications. Pursuing robust techniques ultimately led to the development of a single trial processing method which was based on a simple neurological model that assumed an additive outlier nature of event related potentials to the ongoing EEG process. When event related potentials, such as motor related potentials, are generated by a unique additional process they are "added" into the ongoing process and hence, will appear as additive outlier content when considered from the point of view of the ongoing process. By modeling the EEG with AR models with robustly estimated (GM-estimates) parameters and by using those models in a robust signal estimator, a "cleaned" EEG signal is obtained. The outlier content, data that is extracted from the EEG during cleaning, is then processed to yield event related information. The EEG from four subjects formed the basis of the initial investigation into the viability of this single trial processing scheme. The EEG was collected under two conditions: an active task in which subjects performed a skilled thumb movement and an idle task in which subjects remained alert but did not carry out any motor activity. The outlier content was processed which provided single trial outlier waveforms. In the active case these waveforms possessed consistent features which were found to be related to events in the individual thumb movements. In the idle case the waveforms did not contain consistent features. Bayesian classification of active trials versus idle trials was carried out using a cost statistic resulting from the application of dynamic time warping to the outlier waveforms. Across the four subjects, when the decision boundary was set with the cost of misclassification equal, 93% of the active trials were classified correctly and 18% of the idle trials were incorrectly classified as active. When the cost of misclassifying an idle trial was set to be five times greater, 80% of the active trials were classified correctly and only 1.7% of the idle trials were incorrectly classified as active.
Exponential growth rates in a typed branching diffusion
Creators: name: Git, Y.
name: Harris, J. W.
name: Harris, S. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60J80 (Primary)

description: We study the high temperature phase of a family of typed branching diffusions initially studied in [Astérisque 236 (1996) 133--154] and [Lecture Notes in Math. 1729 (2000) 239--256 Springer, Berlin]. The primary aim is to establish some almost-sure limit results for the long-term behavior of this particle system, namely the speed at which the population of particles colonizes both space and type dimensions, as well as the rate at which the population grows within this asymptotic shape. Our approach will include identification of an explicit two-phase mechanism by which particles can build up in sufficient numbers with spatial positions near $-γt$ and type positions near $κ\sqrt{t}$ at large times $t$. The proofs involve the application of a variety of martingale techniques--most importantly a ``spine'' construction involving a change of measure with an additive martingale. In addition to the model's intrinsic interest, the methodologies presented contain ideas that will adapt to other branching settings. We also briefly discuss applications to traveling wave solutions of an associated reaction--diffusion equation.
description: Published at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/105051606000000853 in the Annals of Applied Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aap/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Treelets--An adaptive multi-scale basis for sparse unordered data
Creators: name: Lee, Ann B.
name: Nadler, Boaz
name: Wasserman, Larry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In many modern applications, including analysis of gene expression and text documents, the data are noisy, high-dimensional, and unordered--with no particular meaning to the given order of the variables. Yet, successful learning is often possible due to sparsity: the fact that the data are typically redundant with underlying structures that can be represented by only a few features. In this paper we present treelets--a novel construction of multi-scale bases that extends wavelets to nonsmooth signals. The method is fully adaptive, as it returns a hierarchical tree and an orthonormal basis which both reflect the internal structure of the data. Treelets are especially well-suited as a dimensionality reduction and feature selection tool prior to regression and classification, in situations where sample sizes are small and the data are sparse with unknown groupings of correlated or collinear variables. The method is also simple to implement and analyze theoretically. Here we describe a variety of situations where treelets perform better than principal component analysis, as well as some common variable selection and cluster averaging schemes. We illustrate treelets on a blocked covariance model and on several data sets (hyperspectral image data, DNA microarray data, and internet advertisements) with highly complex dependencies between variables.
description: This paper commented in: [arXiv:0807.4011], [arXiv:0807.4016], [arXiv:0807.4018], [arXiv:0807.4019], [arXiv:0807.4023], [arXiv:0807.4024]. Rejoinder in [arXiv:0807.4028]. Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/07-AOAS137 the Annals of Applied Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aoas/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
The Gaia spectrophotometric standard stars survey -- V. Preliminary flux tables for the calibration of Gaia DR2 and (E)DR3
Creators: name: Pancino, E.
name: Sanna, N.
name: Altavilla, G.
name: Marinoni, S.
name: Rainer, M.
name: Cocozza, G.
name: Ragaini, S.
name: Galleti, S.
name: Bellazzini, M.
name: Bragaglia, A.
name: Tessicini, G.
name: Voss, H.
name: Carrasco, J. M.
name: Jordi, C.
name: Harrison, D. L.
name: De Angeli, F.
name: Evans, D. W.
name: Fanari, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the flux tables of the spectro-photometric standard stars (SPSS) used to calibrate in flux the Gaia DR2 and (E)DR3 data releases. The latest SPSS grid version contains 112 stars, whose flux tables agree to better than 1% with the CALSPEC spectra of 11 flux standards for the calibration of the Hubble Space Telescope. The synthetic magnitudes computed on the SPSS spectra also agree to better than 1% with the Landolt magnitudes of 37 stars in common. The typical spreads in both comparisons are of the order of 1%. These uncertainties already meet the initial requirements for the Gaia SPSS project, but further improvements are expected in the next SPSS versions, that will be used to calibrate future Gaia releases. We complement the SPSS flux tables with literature spectra of 60 additional stars that did not pass all the criteria to be SPSS, the Passband Validation Library (PVL). The PVL contains stars of extreme spectral types, such as bright O and B stars and late M stars and brown dwarfs, and was useful to investigate systematic effects in the previous Gaia DR2 release and to minimize them in the EDR3 one. The PVL literature spectra are recalibrated as accurately as possible onto the SPSS reference scale, so that the two sets together can be used in a variety of validation and comparison studies.
description: 17 pages, 17 figures, accepted for publication by MNRAS
The collision velocity of the bullet cluster in conventional and modified dynamics
Creators: name: Angus, Garry W.
name: McGaugh, Stacy S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the orbit of the bullet cluster 1E 0657-56 in both CDM and MOND using accurate mass models appropriate to each case in order to ascertain the maximum plausible collision velocity. Impact velocities consistent with the shock velocity (~ 4700km/s) occur naturally in MOND. CDM can generate collision velocities of at most ~ 3800km/s, and is only consistent with the data provided that the shock velocity has been substantially enhanced by hydrodynamical effects.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures, 1 table, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Particle-hole symmetry and the Pfaffian state
Creators: name: Levin, Michael
name: Halperin, Bertrand I.
name: Rosenow, Bernd
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the properties of the Moore-Read Pfaffian state under particle-hole conjugation. We show that the particle-hole conjugate of the Pfaffian state - or "anti-Pfaffian" state - is in a different universality class from the Pfaffian state, with different topological order. The two states can be distinguished by both their bulk and edge physics though the difference is most dramatic at the edge: the edge of the anti-Pfaffian state has a composite structure that leads to a different thermal Hall conductance and different tunneling exponents than the Pfaffian state. At the same time, the two states are exactly degenerate in energy for a $ν= 5/2$ quantum Hall system in the idealized limit of zero Landau level mixing. Thus, both are good candidates for the observed $ν= 5/2$ quantum Hall plateau.
description: 5 pages
On Some Subgroup Chains Related to Kneser's Theorem
Creators: name: Hamidoune, Yahya Ould
name: Serra, Oriol
name: Zemor, Gilles
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11P70

description: A recent result of Balandraud shows that for every subset S of an abelian group G, there exists a non trivial subgroup H such that |TS| <= |T|+|S|-2 holds only if the stabilizer of TS contains H. Notice that Kneser's Theorem says only that the stabilizer of TS must be a non-zero subgroup. This strong form of Kneser's theorem follows from some nice properties of a certain poset investigated by Balandraud. We consider an analogous poset for nonabelian groups and, by using classical tools from Additive Number Theory, extend some of the above results. In particular we obtain short proofs of Balandraud's results in the abelian case.
$μ$--PhotoZ: Photometric Redshifts by Inverting the Tolman Surface Brightness Test
Creators: name: Kurtz, Michael J.
name: Geller, Margaret J.
name: Fabricant, Daniel G.
name: Wyatt, William F.
name: Dell'Antonio, Ian P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Surface brightness is a fundamental observational parameter of galaxies. We show, for the first time in detail, how it can be used to obtain photometric redshifts for galaxies, the $μ$-PhotoZ method. We demonstrate that the Tolman surface brightness relation, $μ\propto (1+z)^{-4}$, is a powerful tool for determining galaxy redshifts from photometric data. We develop a model using $μ$ and a color percentile (ranking) measure to demonstrate the $μ$-PhotoZ method. We apply our method to a set of galaxies from the SHELS survey, and demonstrate that the photometric redshift accuracy achieved using the surface brightness method alone is comparable with the best color-based methods. We show that the $μ$-PhotoZ method is very effective in determining the redshift for red galaxies using only two photometric bands. We discuss the properties of the small, skewed, non-gaussian component of the error distribution. We calibrate $μ_r, (r-i)$ from the SDSS to redshift, and tabulate the result, providing a simple, but accurate look up table to estimate the redshift of distant red galaxies.
description: Accepted for publication in the Astronomical Journal