cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The generation of stormflow on a glaciated hillslope in coastal British Columbia
Creators: name: Utting, Mark Gregory
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: An investigation into the mechanisms of stormflow generation on a glaciated hillslope in coastal British Columbia has been undertaken. The investigation included a controlled irrigation-runoff experiment on a 30 x 30 m hillslope plot in the U.B.C. Research Forest near Haney, B.C. Instrumentation included 12 rain gauges, 45 piezometers, and 2 outflow-tipping buckets. Piezometer slug tests to measure hydraulic conductivities and a geologic study to establish the representativeness of the experimental results were conducted to complement the irrigation experiment. The hydrogeologic units of the research plot consist of: A) 0.1 to 0.3 m of forest floor material consisting of organic material in various states of decay B) 0.3 to 0.8 m of heterogenous, red-brown B horizon containing many organic rich channels made up of live and decayed roots C) 0.5 to 2 m grey to grey-green Vashon till D) fractured to unfractured granodiorite bedrock The hydraulic conductivity of the till was approximately 10⁻⁷ m/s. A slightly higher value of 10⁻⁶ m/s was found for the lower B horizon matrix. A bulk conductivity for the lower B horizon was estimated at 10⁻⁴ m/s. The 2 to 3 order-of-magnitude difference is probably attributable to numerous, high conductivity root channels present throughout the lower B horizon. Stormflow was generated when the water table rose into the high conductivity B horizon. Outflow at the stream bank exited from the B horizon with most water flowing from high conductivity root channels. The rate of outflow was controlled by the position of the water table. Since the water table remained parallel to the overall hillslope, the hydraulic gradient remained approximately constant. Only the cross-sectional area available for flow varied. Once outflow had commenced, the rate of outflow was sensitive to variation in the rainfall rate. Input-outflow lag-times were as little as one hour. The time lag to initiation of outflow was 19 hours. Most of this lag was attributable to the filling of storage requirements after a two month period of no rain. The distribution of the hydrogeologic units in the research plot was found to be representative of the research area. Lag times were found to be in the range found in another similar B.C. mountain basin. It is concluded that the mechanism of stormflow generation operating in the research plot can be generalized to other similar basins.
Farm Supply Operations of Cooperative Gins and Elevators in Texas
Creators: name: Bailey, John M.
name: Bailey, John M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1961
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Excerpts from the report: This study was undertaken to meet a request of the Extension Service of Texas A & M College, the Houston Bank for Cooperatives, and the Texas Federation of Cooperatives. They recognized that many cooperative gins and elevators provided minor or no farm supply services. They were interested in learning more about the operations of marketing associations that successfully handled farm supplies so that they might advise other cooperatives of the potential in this field. The broad objective of the study was to provide data useful to cotton gin and grain cooperatives now handling farm supplies or others interested in adding supply services. Special consideration was given to: (1) Advantages or disadvantages of providing supply services; (2) problems that might be encountered; (3) benefits to farmers; and (4) policies and methods that have provided efficient operations. The study did not attempt to determine why the cooperative purchasing of supplies has not developed in Texas to the extent that it has in many other States.
Finite-gap systems, tri-supersymmetry and self-isospectrality
Creators: name: Correa, Francisco
name: Jakubsky, Vit
name: Plyushchay, Mikhail S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that an n-gap periodic quantum system with parity-even smooth potential admits $2^n-1$ isospectral super-extensions. Each is described by a tri-supersymmetry that originates from a higher-order differential operator of the Lax pair and two-term nonsingular decompositions of it; its local part corresponds to a spontaneously partially broken centrally extended nonlinear N=4 supersymmetry. We conjecture that any finite-gap system having antiperiodic singlet states admits a self-isospectral tri-supersymmetric extension with the partner potential to be the original one translated for a half-period. Applying the theory to a broad class of finite-gap elliptic systems described by a two-parametric associated Lame equation, our conjecture is supported by the explicit construction of the self-isospectral tri-supersymmetric pairs. We find that the spontaneously broken tri-supersymmetry of the self-isospectral periodic system is recovered in the infinite period limit.
description: 40 pages, published version
First Direct Measurement of an Astrophysical p-Process Reaction Cross Section Using a Radioactive Ion Beam
Creators: name: Lotay, G.
name: Gillespie, S. A.
name: Williams, M.
name: Rauscher, T.
name: Alcorta, M.
name: Amthor, M.
name: Andreoiu, C. A.
name: Baal, D.
name: Ball, G. C.
name: Bhattacharjee, S. S.
name: Behnamian, H.
name: Bildstein, V.
name: Burbadge, C.
name: Catford, W. N.
name: Doherty, D. T.
name: Esker, N. E.
name: Garcia, F. H.
name: Garnsworthy, A. B.
name: Hackman, G.
name: Hallam, S.
name: Hudson, K. A.
name: Jazrawi, S.
name: Kasanda, E.
name: Kennington, A. R. L.
name: Kim, Y. H.
name: Lennarz, A.
name: Lubna, R. S.
name: Natzke, C. R.
name: Nishimura, N.
name: Olaizola, B.
name: Paxman, C.
name: Psaltis, A.
name: Svensson, C. E.
name: Williams, J.
name: Wallis, B.
name: Yates, D.
name: Walter, D.
name: Davids, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have performed the first direct measurement of the 83Rb(p,g) radiative capture reaction cross section in inverse kinematics using a radioactive beam of 83Rb at incident energies of 2.4 and 2.7 A MeV. The measured cross section at an effective relative kinetic energy of Ecm = 2.393 MeV, which lies within the relevant energy window for core collapse supernovae, is smaller than the prediction of statistical model calculations. This leads to the abundance of 84Sr produced in the astrophysical p process being higher than previously calculated. Moreover, the discrepancy of the present data with theoretical predictions indicates that further experimental investigation of p-process reactions involving unstable projectiles is clearly warranted.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, published in Physical Review Letters
Physiological and biochemical studies of Laurencia spectabilis and its symbiont Janczewskia gardneri (Ceramiales, Rhodophyceae)
Creators: name: Court, Gary James
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This thesis is a two part study on the biochemistry and physiology of the red algae Janczewskia gardneri Setchell & Guernsey and Laurencia spectabilis Postels & Ruprecht (Ceramiales, Rhodophyceae). The first part consists of photosynthesis, translocatory, microscopic, and cultural studies of the symbiotic association between the supposed parasite J. gardneri and its host L. spectabilis. Mature plants of J. gardneri were pigmented, contained typical red algal chloroplasts when viewed by electron microscopy, and were capable of photosynthesis. Both J. gardneri and L. spectabilis incorporated ¹⁴C-label from NaH¹⁴CO₃ into similar compounds, including sugars (floridoside, isofloridoside, galactose, glucose) and amino acids (alanine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, glycine, serine). Translocation of ¹⁴C-labeled photosynthetic products between mature J. gardneri and its host did not occur. Released spores of J. gardneri were pigmented, contained mitochondria, proplastids and floridean starch reserves, and germinated in the absence of the host; however, the germlings died within two weeks. This research suggested that mature individuals of J. gardneri were obligate epiphytes. The second part of this thesis reports on the isolation and partial characterization of a proteoglycan from L. spectabilis. The proteoglycan was isolated by extraction in a dilute buffer-NaCl solution followed by gel and ion exchange chromatography, using cellulose acetate strip electrophoresis for monitoring purification. The non-sulfated proteoglycan contained 92% carbohydrate and 8% protein. Galactose (85%) was the major neutral sugar detected. Uronic acids, glucose, xylose and a trace of arabinose were also present. A small quantity of hydroxyproline was present in the molecule.
title: Investigating the Effect of Capping Layers on Final Thin Film Morphology After a Dewetting Process
Creators: name: White, Benjamin C.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2016

description: Nanoparticles on a substrate have numerous applications in nanotechnology, from enhancements to solar cell efficiency to improvements in carbon nanotube growth. Producing nanoparticles in a cheap fashion with some control over size and spacing is difficult to do, but desired. This work presents a novel method for altering the radius and pitch distributions of nickel and gold nanoparticles in a scalable fashion. The introduction of alumina capping layers to thin nickel films during a pulsed laser-induced dewetting process has yielded reductions in the mean and standard deviation of radii and pitch for dewet nanoparticles. Carbon nanotube mats grown on these samples show a much thicker mat for the capped case. The same capping layers have produced an opposite effect of increased nanoparticle size and spacing during a solid state dewetting process of a gold film. These results also show a decrease in the magnitude of the effect as the capping layer thickness increases. Since the subject of research interest for using these nanoparticles has shifted towards producing ordered arrays with size and spacing control, the uncertainty in the values of these distributions needs to be quantified for any form of meaningful comparison to be made between fabrication methods. Presented here is a first step in the uncertainty analysis of such samples via synthetic images producing error distributions.
Response of the GAGG(Ce) scintillator to charged particles compared with the CsI(Tl) scintillator
Creators: name: Furuno, T.
name: Koshikawa, A.
name: Kawabata, T.
name: Itoh, M.
name: Kurosawa, S.
name: Morimoto, T.
name: Murata, M.
name: Sakanashi, K.
name: Tsumura, M.
name: Yamaji, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: GAGG(Ce) is a novel scintillator with a fast response and high light output without a hygroscopic nature. It is expected to be a useful detector for charged particles at high-counting rates. However, the response of the GAGG(Ce) scintillator to charged particles has not been fully examined. In the present work, the light output and energy resolution of the GAGG(Ce) scintillator were measured for protons and alpha particles at $E_{p}=5$-68 MeV and $E_α=8$-54 MeV as well as gamma rays at $E_γ=662$ keV from a $^{137}$Cs source. The results were compared with those of the CsI(Tl) scintillator. The scintillation efficiencies $dL/dE$ of the GAGG(Ce) and CsI(Tl) scintillators were obtained and parametrized as a function of linear energy transfer $dE/dx$.
Water, O2 and Ice in Molecular Clouds
Creators: name: Hollenbach, David
name: Kaufman, Michael J.
name: Bergin, Edwin A.
name: Melnick, Gary J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We model the temperature and chemical structure of molecular clouds as a function of depth into the cloud, assuming a cloud of constant density n illuminated by an external FUV (6 eV < E < 13.6 eV) flux G_0 (scaling factor in multiples of the local interstellar field). Extending previous photodissociation region models, we include the freezing of species, simple grain surface chemistry, and desorption (including FUV photodesorption) of ices. We also treat the opaque cloud interior with time-dependent chemistry. Here, under certain conditions, gas phase elemental oxygen freezes out as water ice and the elemental C/O abundance ratio can exceed unity, leading to complex carbon chemistry. Gas phase H2O and O2 peak in abundance at intermediate depth into the cloud, roughly A_V~3-8 from the surface, the depth proportional to ln(G_0/n). Closer to the surface, molecules are photodissociated. Deeper into the cloud, molecules freeze to grain surfaces. At intermediate depths photodissociation rates are attenuated by dust extinction, but photodesorption prevents total freezeout. For G_0 < 500, abundances of H2O and O2 peak at values ~10^(-7), producing columns ~10^(15) per cm^2, independent of G_0 and n. The peak abundances depend primarily on the product of the photodesorption yield of water ice and the grain surface area per H nucleus. At higher values of G_0, thermal desorption of O atoms from grains enhances the gas phase H2O peak abundance and column slightly, whereas the gas phase O2 peak abundance rises to ~10^(-5) and the column to ~2x10^(16) per cm^2. We present simple analytic equations for the abundances as a function of depth which clarify the dependence on parameters. The models are applied to observations of H2O, O2, and water ice in a number of sources, including B68, NGC 2024, and Rho Oph.
description: 70 pages including 17 figures
Legal perspective on possible fairness measures - A legal discussion using the example of hiring decisions (preprint)
Creators: name: Hauer, Marc P
name: Kevekordes, Johannes
name: Haeri, Maryam Amir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: With the increasing use of AI in algorithmic decision making (e.g. based on neural networks), the question arises how bias can be excluded or mitigated. There are some promising approaches, but many of them are based on a "fair" ground truth, others are based on a subjective goal to be reached, which leads to the usual problem of how to define and compute "fairness". The different functioning of algorithmic decision making in contrast to human decision making leads to a shift from a process-oriented to a result-oriented discrimination assessment. We argue that with such a shift society needs to determine which kind of fairness is the right one to choose for which certain scenario. To understand the implications of such a determination we explain the different kinds of fairness concepts that might be applicable for the specific application of hiring decisions, analyze their pros and cons with regard to the respective fairness interpretation and evaluate them from a legal perspective (based on EU law).
title: Ein Klassiker mittelalterlicher Geschichtschreibung
title: Einhards Vita "Karls des Großen"
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Hildesheim: Weidmann
Year: 2020
Subjects: Vita Karoli magni
Einhard
Kanonbildung
Geschichtsschreibung
Vita Karls des Großen
Kanon
Spiel
Klassiker

description: Der Verfasser argumentiert, dass Einhards ‚Vita Karls des Großen‘ mit gutem Recht als Klassiker mittelalterlicher Geschichtsschreibung bezeichnet werden könnte, sofern die sti-listische Gestaltung und die zeitgenössische Rezeption als kanonrelevant gelten. Der ost-fränkische Gelehrte, der Jahrzehnte am Hof Karls des Großen verbrachte, verfasste die erste frühmittelalterliche Herrscherbiographie und wirkte damit gattungsbildend. Von der Bedeu-tung der ‚Vita‘ zeugen weit über hundert handschriftliche Überlieferungszeugen, die Jahr-hunderte währende Rezeption und die einschlägige Forschungsliteratur. Bis heute ist das Bild Karls des Großen entscheidend durch Einhard geprägt, dem es mit seiner einflussrei-chen Biographie gelang, die zeitgenössische Karlskritik zu überschreiben.
Rural Credit Unions in Nine Midwestern and Great Plains States
Creators: name: Pursell, Arthur H.
name: Pursell, Arthur H.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1961
Subjects: Agribusiness
Agricultural Finance
Financial Economics

description: Excerpts from the report: This report covers the operation of rural credit unions in nine Midwestern and Great Plains States. It is the second in a series of studies by Farmer Cooperative Service on the operations of rural credit unions sponsored by regional cooperatives. The first dealt with the operations of such credit unions in Indiana. This report looks at the operation in the area served by the Consumers Cooperative Association (CCA), Kansas City, Mo. In its area, both farm supply cooperatives and credit union operations are of more recent origin and serve a different type of agriculture. The report summarizes briefly the methods by which a large regional farm supply cooperative has aided its member associations in their efforts to organize rural credit unions and examines the results obtained. Particular attention is given to Kansas, where growth and development have been most rapid. This study shows that where cooperatives and rural credit unions work together, the program of each supports and strengthens that of the other and members benefit from the improved services of each. It also points up the need for additional member education and member services, general improvement in operating efficiency, long-range planning and more organizing, and continued close cooperation on the part of cooperative and credit union officials in CCA region.
Steady state entanglement in the mechanical vibrations of two dielectric membranes
Creators: name: Hartmann, Michael J.
name: Plenio, Martin B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider two dielectric membranes suspended inside a Fabry-Perot-cavity, which are cooled to a steady state via a drive by suitable classical lasers. We show that the vibrations of the membranes can be entangled in this steady state. They thus form two mechanical, macroscopic degrees of freedom that share steady state entanglement.
description: example for higher environment temperatures added, further explanations added to the text
Computing with Classical Real Numbers
Creators: name: Kaliszyk, Cezary
name: O'Connor, Russell
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: There are two incompatible Coq libraries that have a theory of the real numbers; the Coq standard library gives an axiomatic treatment of classical real numbers, while the CoRN library from Nijmegen defines constructively valid real numbers. Unfortunately, this means results about one structure cannot easily be used in the other structure. We present a way interfacing these two libraries by showing that their real number structures are isomorphic assuming the classical axioms already present in the standard library reals. This allows us to use O'Connor's decision procedure for solving ground inequalities present in CoRN to solve inequalities about the reals from the Coq standard library, and it allows theorems from the Coq standard library to apply to problem about the CoRN reals.
title: The Relationship Between Parental Employment Stability and Child Outcome Measures
Creators: name: Wolfe, Thomas Michael
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1999

description: The present study investigated the relationship between mothers', fathers', and parents' employment stability and five child cognitive and social outcome measures. A total of 179 children who attended Head Start between 1991 and 1995 participated in the study with their parents. Child outcomes were examined to determine if they varied as a function of employment stability categories. Children of parents possessing stable employment histories had significantly higher Woodcock-Johnson broad knowledge cluster scores than children of parents possessing unstable employment histories. Child outcomes generally did not vary as a function of employment stability categories. Number of employment changes was used to predict child outcomes after controlling moderating variables. Number of changes in mothers' and parents' employment accounted for statistically significant amounts of Woodcock-Johnson broad knowledge cluster score variance. Number of employment changes was generally a poor predictor of child outcomes.
Optical spectra of the heavy fermion uniaxial ferromagnet UGe$_2$
Creators: name: Guritanu, V.
name: Armitage, N. P.
name: Tediosi, R.
name: Saxena, S. S.
name: Huxley, A.
name: van der Marel, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a detailed study of UGe$_{2}$ single crystals using infrared reflectivity and spectroscopic ellipsometry. The optical conductivity suggests the presence of a low frequency interband transition and a narrow free-carrier response with strong frequency dependence of the scattering rate and effective mass. We observe sharp changes in the low frequency mass and scattering rate below the upper ferromagnetic transition $T_C = 53 K$. The characteristic changes are exhibited most strongly at an energy scale of around 12 meV (100 cm$^{-1}$). They recover their unrenormalized value above $T_C$ and for $ω>$ 40 meV. In contrast no sign of an anomaly is seen at the lower transition temperature of unknown nature $T_x \sim$ 30 K, observed in transport and thermodynamic experiments. In the ferromagnetic state we find signatures of a strong coupling to the longitudinal magnetic excitations that have been proposed to mediate unconventional superconductivity in this compound.
Phase Curves of Small Bodies from the SLOAN Moving Objects Catalog
Creators: name: Alvarez-Candal, A.
name: Benavidez, P. G.
name: Bagatin, A. Campo
name: Santana-Ros, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Extensive photometric surveys are and will continue producing massive amounts of data on small bodies. Usually, these data will be sparsely obtained at arbitrary (and unknown)rotational phases. Therefore, new methods to process such data need to be developed to make the most of those large catalogs. We aim to produce a method to create phase curves of small bodies considering the uncertainties introduced by the nominal errors in the magnitudes and the effect introduced by rotational variations. We use the SLOAN Moving Objects Catalog data as a benchmark to construct phase curves of all small bodies in there, in u', g', r', i', and z' filters. We will obtain from the phase curves the absolute magnitudes and set up with them the absolute colors, which are the colors of the asteroids not affected by changes in phase angle. We select objects with $\geq3$ observations taken in at least one filter and spanned over a minimum of 5 degrees in phase angle. We developed a method that combines Monte Carlo simulations and Bayesian inference to estimate the absolute magnitudes using the HG$_{12}^*$ photometric system. We obtained almost 15\,000 phase curves, about 12,000 including all five filters. The absolute magnitudes and absolute colors are compatible with previously published data, supporting our method. The method we developed is fully automatic and well suited to be run on large amounts of data. Moreover, it includes the nominal uncertainties in the magnitudes and the whole distribution of possible rotational states of the objects producing, possibly, less precise values, i.e., larger uncertainties, but more accurate, i.e., closer to the actual value. To our knowledge, this work is the first to include the effect of rotational variations in such a manner.
description: 24 pages in referee format, 17 figures, online data available upon request, Table 2 available in CDS
Metallicity Analysis of MACHO Galactic Bulge RR0 Lyrae stars from their Lightcurves
Creators: name: Kunder, Andrea
name: Chaboyer, Brian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present metallicities of 2690 RR0 Lyrae stars observed toward the MACHO Survey fields in the Galactic Bulge. These [Fe/H] values are based upon an empirically calibrated relationship that uses the Fourier coefficients of the light curve and are accurate to ~0.2 dex. The majority of the RR0 Lyrae stars in our sample are located in the Galactic Bulge, but 255 RR0 stars are associated with Sagittarius dwarf galaxy. We find that the RR0 Lyrae stars that belong to the Galactic Bulge have average metallicities [Fe/H] = -1.25, with a broad metallicity range from [Fe/H] = -2.26 to -0.15. The RR0 stars from Sagittarius dwarf galaxy have lower average metallicity of [Fe/H] = -1.55 \pm 0.02, with an intrinsic dispersion of 0.25 dex, similar to that in the bulge. A correlation between metallicity and galactocentric distance is found, in a sense that for the metal-poor RR0 Lyrae stars ([Fe/H]< -1.5 dex), the closer a star is to the Galactic center, on average, the more metal rich it is. However, for the metal-rich RR0 Lyrae stars ([Fe/H] > -1.2 dex), this trend is reversed. Using mean magnitudes of MACHO RR Lyrae stars, we searched for the evidence of the Galactic bar, and found marginal evidence of a bar. The absence of a strong bar indicates that the RR Lyrae in the bulge represent a different population than the majority of the bulge stars, which are metal rich and are part of a bar.
description: Accepted for publication in AJ, 35 pages, 14 figures
title: Κατεργασία τεμαχίων τόρνευσης με τη βοήθεια λογισμικού προσομοίωσης
title: Parts turning with the help of a simulation software
Creators: name: Δημητριαδης Ιωαννης-Στεφανος
Publisher: name: Technical University of Crete
Year: 2021

description: Η εργασία αυτή περιλαμβάνει τη σχεδίαση και εκπόνηση προγραμμάτων ψηφιακής καθοδήγησης μιας σειράς τορνευτών τεμαχίων με τη χρήση του λογισμικού Vericut. Με το λογισμικό αυτό θα γραφούν αντίστοιχα προγράμματα G κώδικα με τη βοήθεια των οποίων θα ελέγχεται η κατεργασία τους και ταυτόχρονα θα γίνεται η προσομοίωση της τόρνευσης. Η υλοποίηση αυτή θα γίνει σε περιβάλλον προσομοίωσης πραγματικής αριθμητικά καθοδηγούμενης εργαλειομηχανής. Οι συνθήκες κοπής καθώς και τα κοπτικά εργαλεία θα ρυθμίζονται ανάλογα, μέσω του λογισμικού από τα αντίστοιχα διαθέσιμα στο εργαστήριο Μικροκοπής & Κατασκευαστικής Προσομοίωσης.
Itinerant electrons on dilute frustrated Ising lattices
Creators: name: Fortin, Jean-Yves
name: Lample, Pierrick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider itinerant spinless fermions as moving defects in a dilute two-dimensional frustrated Ising system where they occupy site vacancies. Fermions interact via local spin fluctuations and we analyze coupled self-consistent mean-field equations of the Green functions after expressing the spin and fermion operators in terms of Grassmann variables. The specific heat and effective mass are analyzed with the solutions satisfying the symmetry imposed by the coupling layout. At low temperature, we find that these solutions induce stripes along the lines of couplings with the same sign, and that a low fermion density yields a small effective mass.
description: 16 pages, 9 figures
Fine-scale statistics of temperature and its derivatives in convective turbulence
Creators: name: Emran, M. S.
name: Schumacher, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the fine-scale statistics of temperature and its derivatives in turbulent Rayleigh-Benard convection. Direct numerical simulations are carried out in a cylindrical cell with unit aspect ratio filled with a fluid with Prandtl number equal to 0.7 for Rayleigh numbers between 10^7 and 10^9. The probability density function of the temperature or its fluctuations is found to be always non-Gaussian. The asymmetry and strength of deviations from the Gaussian distribution are quantified as a function of the cell height. The deviations of the temperature fluctuations from the local isotropy, as measured by the skewness of the vertical derivative of the temperature fluctuations, decrease in the bulk, but increase in the thermal boundary layer for growing Rayleigh number, respectively. Similar to the passive scalar mixing, the probability density function of the thermal dissipation rate deviates significantly from a log-normal distribution. The distribution is fitted well by a stretched exponential form. The tails become more extended with increasing Rayleigh number which displays an increasing degree of small-scale intermittency of the thermal dissipation field for both the bulk and the thermal boundary layer. We find that the thermal dissipation rate due to the temperature fluctuations is not only dominant in the bulk of the convection cell, but also yields a significant contribution to the total thermal dissipation in the thermal boundary layer. This is in contrast to the ansatz used in scaling theories and can explain the differences in the scaling of the total thermal dissipation rate with respect to the Rayleigh number.
description: 22 pages and 15 figures
Liquid Fertilizer Distribution by Local Cooperatives in the Pacific Northwest
Creators: name: Pentecost, B. H.
name: Pentecost, B. H.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1961
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Excerpts from the report Summary: This is the second in a series of reports on studies dealing with liquid fertilizer distribution by farmer cooperatives. It covers operations of 17 local cooperatives located in Idaho, Oregon, and Washington. Pacific Supply Cooperative's (PSC) Fertilizer and Chemical Division personnel selected the cooperatives for study on the basis of the cooperatives' experience in liquid fertilizer distribution. The objectives of the study were to determine: (1) The type, size, cost, and adequacy of facilities and equipment used; (2) operating practices and policies followed; (3) distribution problems; and (4) possibilities for improving distribution services to farmers. The associations selected for study were either owned by or affiliated with PSC. The primary materials distributed were: (1) Aqua ammonia (20 percent nitrogen); (2) 32 percent nitrogen solution; and (3) liquid mixed (8-24-0) fertilizer. Some of the locals studied distributed other types but only to a limited extent at the time of this study.
A maximum likelihood estimate of the parameters of the FRB population
Creators: name: Bhattacharyya, Siddhartha
name: Tiwari, Himanshu
name: Bharadwaj, Somnath
name: Majumdar, Suman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a sample of $82$ non-repeating FRBs detected at Parkes, ASKAP, CHIME and UTMOST each of which operates over a different frequency range and has a different detection criteria. Using simulations, we perform a maximum likelihood analysis to determine the FRB population model which best fits this data. Our analysis shows that models where the pulse scatter broadening increases moderately with redshift ($z$) are preferred over those where this increases very sharply or where scattering is absent. Further, models where the comoving event rate density is constant over $z$ are preferred over those where it follows the cosmological star formation rate. Two models for the host dispersion measure ($DM_{\rm host}$) distribution (a fixed and a random $DM_{\rm host}$) are found to predict comparable results. We obtain the best fit parameter values $α=-1.53^{+0.29}_{-0.19}$, $\overline{E}_{33}=1.55^{+0.26}_{-0.22}$ and $γ=0.77\pm 0.24$. Here $α$ is the spectral index, $γ$ is the exponent of the Schechter luminosity function and $\overline{E}_{33}$ is the mean FRB energy in units of $10^{33} \, {\rm J}$ across $2128 - 2848\; {\rm MHz}$ in the FRB rest frame.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, Accepted for Publication in the MNRAS Letter
A Livestock Market Is Born
Creators: name: Randell, C. G.
name: Randell, C. G.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1961
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Excerpts from the report: The farming community of Johnson Creek, Wis., needed a more efficient and dependable livestock marketing service. Livestock leaders and stockmen felt that a market to bring livestock producers and buyers together would increase their income. This is the story of the development of such a market by the Equity Cooperative Livestock Sales Association, Milwaukee, a statewide marketing organization that has served Wisconsin stockmen since 1922. The purpose of this report is to give a step-by-step description and analysis of the building of this livestock market from the time the idea was born in the minds of livestock leaders and farmers in the area until the Equity Co-op Livestock Auction was opened for business.
Highly fcc-textured Pt-Al alloy films grown on MgO(001) showing enhanced spin Hall efficiency
Creators: name: Lau, Yong-Chang
name: Seki, Takeshi
name: Takanashi, Koki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on a systematic comparative study of the spin Hall efficiency between highly face-centered cubic (fcc)-textured Pt-Al alloy films grown on MgO(001) and poorly-crystallized Pt-Al alloy films grown on SiO$_2$. Using CoFeB as the detector, we show that for Al compositions centering around $x = 25$, mainly L1$_{2}$ ordered Pt$_{100-x}$Al$_x$ alloy films grown on MgO exhibit outstanding charge-spin conversion efficiency. For Pt$_{78}$Al$_{22}$/CoFeB bilayer on MgO, we obtain damping-like spin Hall efficiency as high as $ξ_\textrm{DL} \sim +0.20$ and expect up to seven-fold reduction of power consumption compared to the polycrystalline bilayer of the same Al composition on SiO$_2$. This work demonstrates that improving the crystallinity of fcc Pt-based alloys is a crucial step for achieving large spin Hall efficiency and low power consumption in this material class.
description: 22 pages, 6 figures
Search for Point Sources of High Energy Neutrinos with Final Data from AMANDA-II
Creators: name: The IceCube Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a search for point sources of high energy neutrinos using 3.8 years of data recorded by AMANDA-II during 2000-2006. After reconstructing muon tracks and applying selection criteria designed to optimally retain neutrino-induced events originating in the Northern Sky, we arrive at a sample of 6595 candidate events, predominantly from atmospheric neutrinos with primary energy 100 GeV to 8 TeV. Our search of this sample reveals no indications of a neutrino point source. We place the most stringent limits to date on $E^{-2}$ neutrino fluxes from points in the Northern Sky, with an average upper limit of $E^{2}Φ_{ν_μ + ν_τ} \le$ 5.2 $\times$ 10$^{-11}$ TeV cm$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$ on the sum of $ν_μ$ and $ν_τ$ fluxes, assumed equal, over the energy range from 1.9 TeV to 2.5 PeV.
description: 10 pages, to appear in Phys. Rev. D
title: Front Matter, Table of Contents, Preface, Conference Organization
Creators: name: Anceaume, Emmanuelle
name: Bisière, Christophe
name: Bouvard, Matthieu
name: Bramas, Quentin
name: Casamatta, Catherine
Publisher: name: Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Front Matter
subject: Table of Contents
subject: Preface
subject: Conference Organization
subject: Computing methodologies → Distributed algorithms
subject: Security and privacy → Distributed systems security
subject: Applied computing → Economics

description: Front Matter, Table of Contents, Preface, Conference Organization
description: OASIcs, Vol. 82, 2nd International Conference on Blockchain Economics, Security and Protocols (Tokenomics 2020), pages 0:i-0:x
Neutrino Interactions in the Late Universe
Creators: name: Green, Daniel
name: Kaplan, David E.
name: Rajendran, Surjeet
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The cosmic neutrino background is both a dramatic prediction of the hot Big Bang and a compelling target for current and future observations. The impact of relativistic neutrinos in the early universe has been observed at high significance in a number of cosmological probes. In addition, the non-zero mass of neutrinos alters the growth of structure at late times, and this signature is a target for a number of upcoming surveys. These measurements are sensitive to the physics of the neutrino and could be used to probe physics beyond the standard model in the neutrino sector. We explore an intriguing possibility where light right-handed neutrinos are coupled to all, or a fraction of, the dark matter through a mediator. In a wide range of parameter space, this interaction only becomes important at late times and is uniquely probed by late-time cosmological observables. Due to this coupling, the dark matter and neutrinos behave as a single fluid with a non-trivial sound speed, leading to a suppression of power on small scales. In current and near-term cosmological surveys, this signature is equivalent to an increase in the sum of the neutrino masses. Given current limits, we show that at most 0.5% of the dark matter could be coupled to neutrinos in this way.
description: 24 pages, 3 figures
"sie sollten vielleicht eine art interdisziplinäre arbeitsweise entwickeln."
Creators: name: Küng, Chantal
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Bildende Kunst
Transdisiziplinarität
Critical Pedagogies
F+F Schule
Künste lehren
Medien
Kunstvermittlung
Doris Stauffer
Black Mountain College

description: Kein Abstract vorhanden
description: + ID: 572507 + Reihentitel: Kunst Medien Bildung
Near-Field Heat Transfer Percolation in Nanoparticles based Composite Media
Creators: name: Volz, Sebastian
name: Domingues, Gilberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Near-field radiative heat transfer is investigated in composite media including nanoparticles. By modeling pair interactions only, the effective thermal conductivity due to near field radiation is calculated based on a thermal nodes model. We highlight the onset of a Near-Field percolation occurring much earlier than the mechanical percolation at critical volume fraction f=0.033. This 15 mechanism drastically increases the thermal conductivity even at low volume fractions. It also indicates a simple experimental protocol to prove Near-Field contact.
Fuzzy Overclustering: Semi-Supervised Classification of Fuzzy Labels with Overclustering and Inverse Cross-Entropy
Creators: name: Schmarje, Lars
name: Brünger, Johannes
name: Santarossa, Monty
name: Schröder, Simon-Martin
name: Kiko, Rainer
name: Koch, Reinhard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Deep learning has been successfully applied to many classification problems including underwater challenges. However, a long-standing issue with deep learning is the need for large and consistently labeled datasets. Although current approaches in semi-supervised learning can decrease the required amount of annotated data by a factor of 10 or even more, this line of research still uses distinct classes. For underwater classification, and uncurated real-world datasets in general, clean class boundaries can often not be given due to a limited information content in the images and transitional stages of the depicted objects. This leads to different experts having different opinions and thus producing fuzzy labels which could also be considered ambiguous or divergent. We propose a novel framework for handling semi-supervised classifications of such fuzzy labels. It is based on the idea of overclustering to detect substructures in these fuzzy labels. We propose a novel loss to improve the overclustering capability of our framework and show the benefit of overclustering for fuzzy labels. We show that our framework is superior to previous state-of-the-art semi-supervised methods when applied to real-world plankton data with fuzzy labels. Moreover, we acquire 5 to 10\% more consistent predictions of substructures.
description: Source code: https://github.com/Emprime/FuzzyOverclustering Datasets: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5550918. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2012.01768
Creative science experiment and scientific activity studio: Design of skills and training sets for preservice teachers
Creators: name: YİĞİT, Burcu
name: ARABACIOĞLU, Sertaç
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Teacher Education and Professional Development
subject: Science and Mathematics Education
subject: Education
subject: Elementary Education
subject: Development teaching toolkits
subject: scientific experiments
subject: Science activities
subject: Tools for producing video
subject: Teacher professional development

description: Today's social media and video-sharing platforms contain a variety of content, including countless science activities, scientific experiments, and short science demonstrations and performances. Search engines make it simple to search on almost all subject. When we look at the watching statistics, we notice that some educational science videos reach a very large audience, while others reach a very limited audience. Although they can be easily influenced by variables such as language, corporate identity, and so on, viewing numbers are closely tied to video quality and technology characteristics. The motivation for with this project is from a desire to understand about the characteristics of an effective science activity, scientific experiment, and short demonstration video, as well as how to adapt them to the professional development of teacher candidates. The primary purpose of this study is to identify the techniques for developing science activities and science videos as a professional development repertoire for science teacher candidates, to determine the practical skills and experience or practices for the order to prepare of science videos, and to prepare professional development training sets.
Quark Masses: An Environmental Impact Statement
Creators: name: Jaffe, Robert L.
name: Jenkins, Alejandro
name: Kimchi, Itamar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate worlds that lie on a slice through the parameter space of the Standard Model over which quark masses vary. We allow as many as three quarks to participate in nuclei, while fixing the mass of the electron and the average mass of the lightest baryon flavor multiplet. We classify as "congenial" worlds that satisfy the environmental constraint that the quark masses allow for stable nuclei with charges one, six, and eight, making organic chemistry possible. Whether a congenial world actually produces observers depends on a multitude of historical contingencies, beginning with primordial nucleosynthesis, which we do not explore. Such constraints may be independently superimposed on our results. Environmental constraints such as the ones we study may be combined with information about the a priori distribution of quark masses over the landscape of possible universes to determine whether the measured values of the quark masses are determined environmentally, but our analysis is independent of such an anthropic approach. We estimate baryon masses as functions of quark masses and nuclear masses as functions of baryon masses. We check for the stability of nuclei against fission, strong particle emission, and weak nucleon emission. For two light quarks with charges 2/3 and -1/3, we find a band of congeniality roughly 29 MeV wide in their mass difference. We also find another, less robust region of congeniality with one light, charge -1/3 quark, and two heavier, approximately degenerate charge -1/3 and 2/3 quarks. No other assignment of light quark charges yields congenial worlds with two baryons participating in nuclei. We identify and discuss the region in quark-mass space where nuclei would be made from three or more baryon species.
description: 40 pages, 16 figures (in color), 4 tables. See paper for a more detailed abstract. v4: Cleaning up minor typos
Careful Whispers of The Butcher, or the Dark Image of Thought
Creators: name: stephen, loo
name: Transdisciplinary Imaging Conference 2020, Dark Eden
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 190104 Visual Cultures
subject: FOS: Arts (arts, history of arts, performing arts, music)

description: Stephen Loo hypothesises the matter of the dark space-time between frames of the cinematic that animate our computational and algorithmic worlds. Through two recent becoming-minoritarian (after Deleuze) sound-food social practice projects Careful Whipsers with the Autonomous Sensory Meridian Orchestra (Melbourne, 2018) and The Butcher of Nang Loeng (Bangkok, 2019), while riffing on Baradian black hole materialism, he will discuss the performing philosophy in dark of night, cut through with gloaming (after Tawa) after-images left by lightning bolts that connect neuropsychology, posthuman agency, rights and justice, and semblances of life. Take these / wings and learn to fly.