cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Forest Reform in Tanzania: A Review of Policy and Legislation
Creators: name: Lokina, Razack B.
name: Lokina, Razack B.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Participatory Forest Management
subject: Policies
subject: legislation
subject: Forest
subject: degradation
subject: deforestation

description: Community participation in forest management has existed in the United Republic of Tanzania for a long time, but on a small scale. It is common to find trees of certain species are being protected and managed for traditional reasons. It has been observed that forests and woodlands that are managed using traditional knowledge and practices are accorded high respect by concerned communities. Thus, fires or encroachment does not affect them. While the strategy of setting aside forests and woodlands for protection remains the centerpiece of management of these resources in the United Republic of Tanzania, this has been the result of evolutionary process from a conventional to a participatory approach of forest management. In this regards, Tanzania has been considered among successful countries in African in implementing Participatory Forest Management (PFM) as promoted through both Community-Based Forest Management (CBFM) and Joint Forest Management (JFM). Policy provisions and legal framework has been important stepping stones for involvement of different players in forest conservation. In addition, legal reforms have tried to invert the colonial approach that excluded local communities from management and ownership of most resources in their vicinity. PFM typically has been implemented on a forest-by-forest or village-by-village basis, rather than using a landscape approach. But protecting one forest through PFM may displace villagers’ Non Timber Forest Product (NTFP) harvest into other less protected forests, possibly causing greater ecological damage. A landscape approach to PFM would take into account even those forests that are not used by villagers before PFM is introduced but that might be once PFM reduces or eliminates access to alternative forests.
Additional file 1 of Modelling the monthly abundance of Culicoides biting midges in nine European countries using Random Forests machine learning
Creators: name: Cuéllar, Ana Carolina
name: Kjær, Lene Jung
name: Baum, Andreas
name: Stockmarr, Anders
name: Skovgard, Henrik
name: Nielsen, Søren Achim
name: Andersson, Mats Gunnar
name: Lindström, Anders
name: Chirico, Jan
name: Lühken, Renke
name: Steinke, Sonja
name: Kiel, Ellen
name: Gethmann, Jörn
name: Conraths, Franz J.
name: Larska, Magdalena
name: Smreczak, Marcin
name: Orłowska, Anna
name: Hamnes, Inger
name: Sviland, Ståle
name: Hopp, Petter
name: Brugger, Katharina
name: Rubel, Franz
name: Balenghien, Thomas
name: Garros, Claire
name: Rakotoarivony, Ignace
name: Allène, Xavier
name: Lhoir, Jonathan
name: Chavernac, David
name: Delécolle, Jean-Claude
name: Mathieu, Bruno
name: Delécolle, Delphine
name: Marie-Laure Setier-Rio
name: Bethsabée Scheid
name: Chueca, Miguel Ángel Miranda
name: Barceló, Carlos
name: Lucientes, Javier
name: Estrada, Rosa
name: Mathis, Alexander
name: Venail, Roger
name: Tack, Wesley
name: Bødker, Rene
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Yearly variation of the mean abundance for each country. The abundance (y axis) was calculated as the mean all the observations (log transformed) from each country. Figure S2. QQ-plots of the residuals per month for the Obsoletus ensemble. Figure S3. QQ-plots of the residuals per month for the Pulicaris ensemble. Figure S4. Comparison of the abundance maps for each month using Random Forest (RF) and Interpolations for the Obsoletus ensemble. a Maps from January to June. b maps from July to December. Figure S5. Comparison of the abundance maps for each month using Random Forest (RF) and Interpolations for the Pulicaris ensemble. a Maps from January to June. b Maps from July to December. Figure S6. Comparison of the abundance maps for each month using Random Forest (RF) and Interpolations for Culicoides imicola. a Maps from January to June. b Maps from July to December. Figure S7. At a local scale, interpolation maps produce a smother surface between the farms compared to environmental driven RF, for which the predictions differ between adjacent pixels. The example shown in the figure corresponds to the August maps for the Obsoletus ensemble. Green dots: farms used for training, purple dots: farms within the test set.
The Curse of Beam-Squint in ISAC: Causes, Implications, and Mitigation Strategies
Creators: name: Elbir, Ahmet M.
name: Mishra, Kumar Vijay
name: Celik, Abdulkadir
name: Eltawil, Ahmed M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Integrated sensing and communications (ISAC) has emerged as a means to efficiently utilize spectrum and thereby save cost and power. At the higher end of the spectrum, ISAC systems operate at wideband using large antenna arrays to meet the stringent demands for high-resolution sensing and enhanced communications capacity. However, the wideband implementation entails beam-squint, that is, deviations in the generated beam directions because of the narrowband assumption in the analog components. This causes significant degradation in the communications capacity, target detection, and parameter estimation. This article presents the design challenges caused by beam-squint and its mitigation in ISAC systems. In this context, we also discuss several ISAC design perspectives including far-/near-field beamforming, channel/direction estimation, sparse array design, and index modulation. There are also several research opportunities in waveform design, beam training, and array processing to adequately address beam-squint in ISAC.
description: Accepted Paper in IEEE Communications Magazine
Immunization Status and Child Survival in Uganda
Creators: name: Bbaale, Edward
name: Bbaale, Edward
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: Immunization status
subject: child survival
subject: cox model
subject: Uganda

description: Using the UDHS 2006 and 2011 and employing the Cox model, we tested the hypothesis that childhood immunization equalizes all children irrespective of parental background. Our findings reject this hypothesis. However, we find strong support to the view that childhood immunization decisively dampens child mortality. Immunised children reduce the risk of mortality by 17-38%. Immunised children with DPT/Polio reduce risk of mortality by 25- 43%. Children immunised with measles and BCG shots reduce the risk of mortality by 38- 44%. Efforts intended to improve child survival need to go beyond the childhood immunization campaigns and recognise other sources of mortality and morbidity.
Optical/near-infrared observations of the Fried Egg Nebula: Multiple shell ejections on a 100 yr timescale from a massive yellow hypergiant
Creators: name: Koumpia, E.
name: Oudmaijer, R. D.
name: Graham, V.
name: Banyard, G.
name: Black, J. H.
name: Wichittanakom, C.
name: Ababakr, K. M.
name: de Wit, W. -J.
name: Millour, F.
name: Lagadec, E.
name: Muller, S.
name: Cox, N. L. J.
name: Zijlstra, A.
name: van Winckel, H.
name: Hillen, M.
name: Szczerba, R.
name: Vink, J. S.
name: Wallstrom, S. H. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. The fate of a massive star during the latest stages of its evolution is highly dependent on its mass-loss rate/geometry and therefore knowing the geometry of the circumstellar material close to the star and its surroundings is crucial. Aims. We aim to study the nature (i.e. geometry, rates) of mass-loss episodes. In this context, yellow hypergiants are great targets. Methods. We analyse a large set of optical/near-infrared data, in spectroscopic and photometric (X-shooter/VLT), spectropolarimetric (ISIS/WHT), and interferometric GRAVITY-AMBER/VLTI) modes, toward the yellow hypergiant IRAS 17163-3907. We present the first model-independent reconstructed images of IRAS 17163-3907 at these wavelengths at milli-arcsecond scales. Lastly, we apply a 2D radiative transfer model to fit the dereddened photometry and the radial profiles of published VISIR images at 8.59 μm, 11.85 μm and 12.81 μm simultaneously, adopting the revised Gaia distance (DR2). Results. The interferometric observables around 2 μm show that the Brγ emission is more extended and asymmetric than the Na i and the continuum emission. In addition to the two known shells surrounding IRAS 17163-3907 we report on the existence of a third hot inner shell with a maximum dynamical age of only 30 yr. Conclusions. The interpretation of the presence of Na i emission at closer distances to the star compared to Brγ has been a challenge in various studies. We argue that the presence of a pseudophotosphere is not needed, but it is rather an optical depth effect. The three observed distinct mass-loss episodes are characterised by different mass-loss rates and can inform the theories on mass-loss mechanisms, which is a topic still under debate. We discuss these in the context of photospheric pulsations and wind bi-stability mechanisms.
description: 26 pages, 22 Figures, 6 tables, accepted for publication in A&A. Original abstract will be available after publication
Revenue Generation Capacity in Developing Countries: Implications for Physical and Human Capital Development in Tanzania, Kenya and Uganda
Creators: name: Mwakalobo, Adam B. S.
name: Mwakalobo, Adam B. S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Tax Revenue Generation Capacity
subject: Physical infrastructure
subject: Human Capital
subject: Tanzania
subject: Kenya and Uganda

description: This paper is an attempt to investigate the effects of tax revenue generation capacity on public spending in Sub-Saharan Africa drawing empirical lessons from three East African countries-Tanzania, Kenya and Uganda. It employs the co-integration and error-correction modeling framework to analyze the effects of erratic and inadequate revenue generation on physical and human capital development in Tanzania, Kenya, and Uganda using time-series data over the period 1970-2005.The results unambiguously demonstrate that changes in tax revenue have strong impacts on physical and human capital development spending in the three countries. The policy lessons that can be drawn from the findings of this paper is that the three countries should strike a balance of the composition of government expenditure; reprioritize public expenditure into productive spending and strive to generate sufficient tax revenue to finance budget expenditures on physical and human capital development in order to reduce poverty and promote long-run economic development
Are Agricultural Extension Packages What Ethiopian Farmers Want? A Stated Preference Analysis
Creators: name: Carlsson, Fredrik
name: Köhlin, Gunnar
name: Mekonnen, Alemu
name: Yesuf, Mahmud
Publisher: name: Göteborgs universitet
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 38
subject: Economics

description: Working Papers in Economics no. 172, August 2005, Department of Economics, Göteborg University.
title: Structural Studies of RNA-dependent RNA polymerases
Creators: name: Salgado, Maria Paula Santos Cordeiro
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2006

description: Most RNA viruses possess an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (vRdRP), responsible for viral genome replication and transcription. Furthermore, a number of eukaryotic organisms, including plants, fungi, protozoa and some metazoans, produce cellular RdRPs (cRdRPs) involved in RNA silencing mechanisms.

One of the best studied vRdRPs is that of the dsRNA bacteriophage Φ6. Structures of Φ6 RdRP (Φ6pol) in complex with RNA oligonucleotides revealed the basis for template specificity: the extra hydroxyl group leads to additional RNA-protein interactions, further stabilizing the template. Structures of "manganese-free" Φ6pol and a mutated form of the protein with lower affinity for the ion (E491Q mutant) provided some hints to the role of manganese. The structure of a complex of Φ6pol with RNA oligonucleotides and GTP with the catalytic magnesium ions substituted by calcium ions shows a distorted geometry of the initiation competent state, providing a molecular explanation of the calcium inhibitory effect. Finally, the structure of a mutated form of the protein (628QYKW632-SG mutant) prone to back-priming initiation revealed a set of contacts important for de novo initiation. Considering the high structural homology of Φ6pol with other vRdRPs, particularly from (+)ssRNA Hepatitis C Virus (HCV), insights into the mechanistic and structural details of Φ6pol are thought to be relevant to the general understanding of vRdRPs.

The dimeric structure of QDE-I, an RdRP from the fungus Neurospora crassa involved in RNA silencing, revealed a surprising similarity at the active site level to multi subunit DNA-dependent RNA polymerases (DdRPs). This implies a close evolutionary relationship between these erzymes and a possible connection between RNA silencing pathways and primordial RNA polymerisation mechanisms. Furthermore, an analysis based on the structures of several template dependent polymerases suggests that they have emerged more than once over the course of evolution.
On a general class of brane-world black holes
Creators: name: Bronnikov, K. A.
name: Dehnen, H.
name: Melnikov, V. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the general solution to the trace of the 4-dimensional Einstein equations for static, spherically symmetric configurations as a basis for finding a general class of black hole (BH) metrics, containing one arbitrary function $g_{tt} = A(r)$ which vanishes at some $r = r_h > 0$, the horizon radius. Under certain reasonable restrictions, BH metrics are found with or without matter and, depending on the boundary conditions, can be asymptotically flat or have any other prescribed large $r$ behaviour. It is shown that this procedure generically leads to families of solutions unifying non-extremal globally regular BHs with a Kerr-like global structure, extremal BHs and symmetric wormholes. Horizons in space-times with zero scalar curvature are shown to be either simple or double. The same is generically true for horizons inside a matter distribution, but in special cases there can be horizons of any order. A few simple examples are discussed. A natural application of the above results is the brane world concept, in which the trace of the 4D gravity equations is the only unambiguous equation for the 4D metric, and its solutions can be continued into the 5D bulk according to the embedding theorems.
description: 9 pages, revtex4
An Economic Assessment of the Impact of ICT on Performance Indicators of Water Resource Management in Africa: A Suggested Strategy for avoiding the eminent International Water War
Creators: name: Magaji, Sule
name: Eke, Chukwuemeka Ifegwu
name: Magaji, Sule
name: Eke, Chukwuemeka Ifegwu
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: ICT
subject: Water economics
subject: water Resource Management
subject: Nigeria
subject: International Water Wars

description: Using data from 16 West African countries, this paper examines the links between Per Capita Income, Trade and Financial indicators, Education and Freedom indicators. Others are Internet users, Broadband and Mobile Cell phone Subscribers. Mean while Fresh Water Supply (which is assumed as a bench mark public sector-led water resource management performance indicators) and Access to Safe Drinking Water (a bench mark private sector-led water resource management performance indicators) represents indicators of water resources management. The results show that income, ICT and government trade policies influence the efficient management of cross-country water resource. Freedom indicators strongly affect water resource management performance indicators (WRMPI). Moreso, Internet Users, Broadband Subscribers, and Mobile cell phones Subscribers have a positive association with WRMPI. Contrary to wide spread expectations, education does not influence WRMPI.
Efficient Characterization of Quantum Evolutions via a Recommender System
Creators: name: Batra, Priya
name: Singh, Anukriti
name: Mahesh, T. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate characterizing quantum evolutions via matrix factorization algorithm, a particular type of the recommender system (RS). A system undergoing a quantum evolution can be characterized in several ways. Here we choose (i) quantum correlations quantified by measures such as entropy, negativity, or discord, and (ii) state-fidelity. Using quantum registers with up to 10 qubits, we demonstrate that an RS can efficiently characterize both unitary and nonunitary evolutions. After carrying out a detailed performance analysis of the RS in two qubits, we show that it can be used to distinguish a clean database of quantum correlations from a noisy or a fake one. Moreover, we find that the RS brings about a significant computational advantage for building a large database of quantum discord, for which no simple closed-form expression exists. Also, RS can efficiently characterize systems undergoing nonunitary evolutions in terms of quantum discord reduction as well as state-fidelity. Finally, we utilize RS for the construction of discord phase space in a nonlinear quantum system.
description: Accepted in Quantum
The DA+dMe eclipsing binary EC13471-1258: its cup runneth over...just
Creators: name: O'Donoghue, D.
name: Koen, C.
name: Kilkenny, D.
name: Stobie, R. S.
name: Koester, D.
name: Bessell, M. S.
name: Hambly, N.
name: MacGillivray, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: EC13471-1258 is a detached eclipsing binary with Porb = 3h37m, comprising a DA white dwarf and a dMe dwarf. Total eclipses of the white dwarf lasting 14 min, and a large amplitude ellipsoidal variation are seen in the light curve. Flares from the dMe star occur regularly. Each star contributes roughly equal amounts of light at 5500 Ang. HST STIS spectra show strong Ly alpha with weak metal lines, and yield Teff = 14220 K, log g = 8.34, Z = 1/30th solar, K = 138 km/s and V sin i = 400 km/s for the white dwarf. Optical spectra yield the spectral type (M3.5-4.0), Teff = 3100 K, Z = solar, K = 266 km/s and V sin i = 140 km/s for the dMe star. The H alpha emission line comprises 2 or more components and implies that very weak mass transfer is occurring. The dynamical solution also implies that the dMe star just fills its Roche lobe. Accurate masses and radii for each star were derived: the dMe values favour the Clemens et al. (1998) mass-radius relation. The large rotational velocity of the white dwarf (400 km/s) suggests that the system has transferred mass in the past so that it is presently a hibernating cataclysmic variable. The metallicity contrast between the component stars provides an opportunity for tests of diffusion theory.
description: 25 pages, 18 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
An Econometric Approach to Exchange Control Liberalization and Economic Growth: The Case of Botswana
Creators: name: Gaetsewe, Tshepiso
name: Kapunda, Stephen M.
name: Motlaleng, G. R.
name: Gaetsewe, Tshepiso
name: Kapunda, Stephen M.
name: Motlaleng, G. R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Public Economics
subject: Exchange control
subject: Liberalisation
subject: economic growth
subject: Botswana

description: This study assesses the impact of exchange control liberalisation on economic growth in Botswana. In literature it has been very unclear of how the liberalisation of exchange controls impacts economic growth as there has been mixed results. Botswana liberalised its exchange controls in 1999 and to date there has been no empirical study that assesses how their liberalisation has impacted Botswana’s growth. This study attempts to fill in the gap. It uses quarterly data from 1981 until 2006. Cointegration and VECM methods are used for estimation. The results show that exchange control liberalisation had no impact on economic growth in Botswana for the period studied. Botswana’s government needs to try and develop policies that will promote sectors that spur economic growth. Policies imposed should be in the form which enhance growth such as increasing capital stock and human capital in order to spur economic growth.
Demand for Drought Tolerance in Africa : Selection of Drought Tolerant Maize Seed using Framed Field Experiments
Creators: name: Dalton, Timothy J.
name: Yesuf, Mahmud
name: Muhammad, Lutta
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Selected Paper prepared for presentation at the Agricultural & Applied Economics Association’s 2011. AAEA & NAREA Joint Annual Meeting, Pittsburgh, PA July 24‐26‐2011.
Neural force functional for non-equilibrium many-body colloidal systems
Creators: name: Zimmerman, Toni
name: Sammüller, Florian
name: Hermann, Sophie
name: Schmidt, Matthias
name: Heras, Daniel de las
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We combine power functional theory and machine learning to study non-equilibrium overdamped many-body systems of colloidal particles at the level of one-body fields. We first sample in steady state the one-body fields relevant for the dynamics from computer simulations of Brownian particles under the influence of randomly generated external fields. A neural network is then trained with this data to represent locally in space the formally exact functional mapping from the one-body density and velocity profiles to the one-body internal force field. The trained network is used to analyse the non-equilibrium superadiabatic force field and the transport coefficients such as shear and bulk viscosities. Due to the local learning approach, the network can be applied to systems much larger than the original simulation box in which the one-body fields are sampled. Complemented with the exact non-equilibrium one-body force balance equation and a continuity equation, the network yields viable predictions of the dynamics in time-dependent situations. Even though training is based on steady states only, the predicted dynamics is in good agreement with simulation results. A neural dynamical density functional theory can be straightforwardly implemented as a limiting case in which the internal force field is that of an equilibrium system. The framework is general and directly applicable to other many-body systems of interacting particles following Brownian dynamics.
Additional file 5 of Agreement between continuous and intermittent pulmonary artery thermodilution for cardiac output measurement in perioperative and intensive care medicine: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Kouz, Karim
name: Michard, Frederic
name: Bergholz, Alina
name: Vokuhl, Christina
name: Briesenick, Luisa
name: Hoppe, Phillip
name: Flick, Moritz
name: Schön, Gerhard
name: Saugel, Bernd
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 5. Funnel plot for cardiac output with Eggers regression test. Funnel plot indicating the risk of publication bias across studies including Eggers regression for cardiac output (CO).
On the effect of short-range magnetic ordering on electron energy-loss spectra in spinels
Creators: name: McComb, D. W.
name: Craven, A. J.
name: Chioncel, L.
name: Lichtenstein, A. I.
name: Docherty, F. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The energy-loss near-edge structure (ELNES) at the oxygen $K$ edge in two $AB_2O_4$ spinels (A=Mg, B=Al,Cr) is reported. In $MgAl_2O_4$ the experimental data is successfully modelled within the LDA framework. In the case of $MgCr_2O_4$ spin-polarisation, in the form of antiferromagnetic ordering on the Cr sub-lattice, must be included despite the fact that the measurements were performed at approximately 30 times above $T_N$. A model in which dynamic short-range antiferromagnetic ordering is present at room temperature is proposed to explain the results of the experiments and calculations.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures
Additional file 2 of Tumor sequencing is useful to refine the analysis of germline variants in unexplained high-risk breast cancer families
Creators: name: Marcke, Cédric Van
name: Helaers, Raphaël
name: Leener, Anne De
name: Merhi, Ahmad
name: Schoonjans, Céline A.
name: Ambroise, Jérôme
name: Galant, Christine
name: Delrée, Paul
name: Rothé, Françoise
name: Bar, Isabelle
name: Khoury, Elsa
name: Brouillard, Pascal
name: Canon, Jean-Luc
name: Vuylsteke, Peter
name: Jean-Pascal Machiels
name: Berlière, Martine
name: Limaye, Nisha
name: Vikkula, Miikka
name: Duhoux, François P.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2: Figure S1. Chromosome-wide analysis of difference in allele balance between tumor and normal (DAB), using all heterozygous SNVs located on the chromosome carrying the germline variant suspected of DAB in the tumor. A. Example of a confirmed case of DAB, involving the q-arm of chromosome 2. B. Example of a denied case of DAB, as no SNV on chromosome 16 passes the threshold of significance. Figure S2. Scatterplot of the relative contribution of mutational signature 3 and the HRD mean score for each tumor. IMC : invasive medullary carcinoma. A. Relative contribution of mutational signature 3 by clinical tumor subgroup. B. Relative contribution of added mutational signatures 2 and 13 by clinical tumor subgroup. C.HRD mean score by clinical tumor subgroup. Figure S3. Number of indels for each tumor sample. Figure S4. MSIsensor score of the tumor samples. The positive control is an independent breast cancer case with proven microsatellite instability (Schröder et al, unpublished data). Figure S5. Evaluation of the splicing alteration of MRE11A due to the germline variant c.1501-8T>G in CABR61. A.CABR61 MRE11A cDNA compared to the normal MRE11A cDNA reference. B.CABR61 MRE11A cDNA compared to the MRE11A cDNA reference and inclusion of the 8 intronic nucleotides upfront of exon 14. C. Graphic representation of the splicing alteration of MRE11A in CABR61. Figure S6. Detection of PMS1 expression by IHC : Loss of PMS1 expression is observed in the infiltrating tumor cells of CABR74 (A and B), while PMS1 expression is still detected in normal adjacent cells (C). PMS1 expression is observed in infiltrating tumor cells (D and E) and in normal adjacent cells (F) in a control case. Magnification : A and D , 5 X; B,C, E and F, 40 x. Figure S7. Copy number analysis of the tumor sample of CABR61 (A) and her affected relative (B) demonstrating LOH of the MRE11A locus.
The Active Optics System on the Vera C. Rubin Observatory: Optimal Control of Degeneracy Among the Large Number of Degrees of Freedom
Creators: name: Homar, Guillem Megias
name: Kahn, Steven M.
name: Meyers, Joshua M.
name: Crenshaw, John Franklin
name: Thomas, Sandrine J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Vera C. Rubin Observatory is a unique facility for survey astronomy that will soon be commissioned and begin operations. Crucial to many of its scientific goals is the achievement of sustained high image quality, limited only by the seeing at the site. This will be maintained through an Active Optics System (AOS) that controls optical element misalignments and corrects mirror figure error to minimize aberrations caused by both thermal and gravitational distortions. However, the large number of adjustment degrees of freedom available on the Rubin Observatory introduces a range of degeneracies, including many that are \textit{noise-induced} due to imperfect measurement of the wavefront errors. We present a structured methodology for identifying these degeneracies through an analysis of image noise level. We also present a novel scaling strategy based on Truncated Singular Value Decomposition (TSVD) that mitigates the degeneracy, and optimally distributes the adjustment over the available degrees of freedom. Our approach ensures the attainment of optimal image quality, while avoiding excursions around the noise-induced subspace of degeneracies, marking a significant improvement over the previous techniques adopted for Rubin, which were based on an Optimal Integral Controller (OIC). This new approach is likely to also yield significant benefits for all telescopes that incorporate large numbers of degrees of freedom of adjustment.
description: 19 pages, 8 figures, 4 tables. Submitted to ApJ
Engaging the Tanzanian Diaspora in National Development: What Do We Know and What are the Gaps?
Creators: name: Utouh, Harold L. M.
name: Mutalemwa, Darlene K.
name: Utouh, Harold L. M.
name: Mutalemwa, Darlene K.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Diaspora Engagement
subject: National Development
subject: Tanzania

description: Over the past ten years there has been a significant change in African governments’ perception of their diasporas. In the previous three decades, diasporas were not seen as a resource that countries of origin could tap into for their development needs. This is no longer the case. Now, diasporas are increasingly seen as positive actors: as countrymen and women abroad who can contribute to development efforts in their homelands. In this context, this paper reviews literature on the major policies and initiatives used by countries to help support and promote diaspora engagement. To be specific, countries which have successfully engaged their diaspora in the national development process. The paper also highlights key factors of success of Tanzania’s neighbouring countries and other countries. It attempts to relate these practices to the case of Tanzania, given the current social, economic, political and cultural contexts. The Tanzanian experience reveals a wide range of interventions taken to facilitate participation by its diaspora in national growth efforts. While these interventions, are highly laudable- especially considering financial limits - there remains important weaknesses. Suggestions to improve existing measures are provided.
Large mass Q-Qbar production from the Color Glass Condensate
Creators: name: Gelis, F.
name: Venugopalan, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute quark-antiquark pair production in the context of the Color Glass Condensate model for central heavy-ion collisions. The calculation is performed analytically to leading order in the density of hard sources present in the projectiles, and is applicable to quarks with a mass large compared to the saturation momentum. The formulas derived in this paper are compared to expressions derived in the framework of collinearly factorized perturbative QCD and in kt factorization models. We comment on the breaking of kt factorization which occurs beyond leading order in our approach.
description: 24 pages, 3 postscript figures
Demand for Drought Tolerance in Africa : Selection of Drought Tolerant Maize Seed using Framed Field Experiments
Creators: name: Dalton, Timothy J.
name: Yesuf, Mahmud
name: Muhammad, Lutta
Publisher: name: Kenya Agricultural Research Institute; Kansas State University
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 38
subject: Economics
classificationCode: 3801
subject: Applied economics

description: Selected Paper prepared for presentation at the Agricultural & Applied Economics Association’s 2011. AAEA & NAREA Joint Annual Meeting, Pittsburgh, PA July 24‐26‐2011.
A note on D-brane Interactions in the IIA Plane-Wave Background
Creators: name: Kim, Yeonjung
name: Park, Jaemo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the D-brane tensions in the type IIA plane-wave background by comparing the interaction potential between widely separated D-branes in string theory with the supergravity mode exchange between the D-branes. We found that the D-brane tensions and RR charges in the plane-wave background are the same as those in the flat space. Also we work out the stringy halo behavior of the $DpD\bar{p}$ spacelike branes and find the explicit dependence on the light cone separation $r^+$. This suggests that the detailed tachyon dynamics for the spacelike $DpD\bar{p}$ branes are different from those in the flat space case. We also discuss specific features of the exchange amplitudes in relation to the geometric properties of the IIA plane wave background. When branes are located at focal points, full or partial restoration of the translation invariance occurs and the amplitudes are similar to those in the flat space.
description: 19 pages; discussions on the integrated amplitudes in geometric terms added
Spectral Analysis of the Schrodinger Operator with an Optical Potential
Creators: name: Veliev, O. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we give a complete description of the spectral analysis of the Schrodinger operator L(V) with the optical potentil. First we consider the Bolch eigenvalues and spectrum of L(V). Then using it we investigate spectral singularities and essential spectral singularities (ESS). We prove that the operator L(V) has no ESS and has ESS respectively if and only if V is not a critical point and V is a critical point. Using it we classify the spectral expansion in term of the critical points. Finally we discuss the critical points, formulate some conjectures and describe the changes of the spectrum of L(V) when V changes.
Global Carbon Markets : Are There Opportunities for Sub-Saharan Africa?
Creators: name: Bryan, Elizabeth
name: Akpalu, Wisdom
name: Yesuf, Mahmud
name: Ringler, Claudia
Publisher: name: International Food Policy Research Institute
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 4407
subject: Policy and administration

description: International Food Policy Research Institute Discussion Paper 00832, December 2008.
On triangles with a minuscule side
Creators: name: Cornut, Christophe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $W\subset O(V)$ be the Weyl group of a root system $R\subset V$. If $a+b+c=0=a'+b'+c'$ with $a$, $b$ and $c$ respectively conjugated to $a'$, $b'$ and $c'$ in V , then $(a,b,c)$ is conjugated to $(a',b',c')$ in $V^3$ when each projection of $a$ to an irreducible component of $V$ is co-linear to a minuscule coweight.
description: in French
Quality Assessment on Environmental Conservation Interventions in three Selected Councils of Dodoma Region, Tanzania
Creators: name: Mwembezi, Gaspar Peter Mwananchipeta
name: Mwembezi, Gaspar Peter Mwananchipeta
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Quality
subject: Intervention
subject: Environment
subject: Conservation
subject: Efficiency
subject: effectiveness

description: The study highlights some of conservation challenges, quality strategies and interventions that could be enhanced for sustainable eco-development. The study area has one of the most degraded environments in Tanzania. The statement of the problem is that, while progress has been made to a certain level on environmental conservations programme, this change in terms of quality has not been investigated and assessed. A case study design was adopted in which a population of 629 respondents was involved. In this Study the population was used as sample hence Census technique, not sampling. Distribution of respondents for data collection was in four groups and divided into two categories which included intervention designers 215 and intervention implementers 414. Data analysis by using SPSS and descriptive statistics were used to meet the case. Major findings include; poor use of natural resources, lack of adequate knowledge and knowledge dissemination, financial constraints and conflict of interest among stakeholders. Therefore, it is recommended that, ongoing interventions to environmental conservation should be refined and strengthened for quality and sustainable way.
Filtered Lattice Boltzmann Collision Formulation Enforcing Isotropy and Galilean Invariance
Creators: name: Chen, Hudong
name: Zhang, Raoyang
name: Gopalakrishnan, Pradeep
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The central framework of a filtered lattice Boltzmann collision operator formulation is to remove hydrodynamic moments that are not supported by the order of isotropy of a given lattice velocity set. Due to the natural moment orthogonality of the Hermite polynomials, the form of a filtered collision operator is obtained directly via truncation of the Hermite expansion. In this paper, we present an extension of the filtered collision operator formulation to enforce Galilean invariance. This is accomplished by representing hydrodynamic moments in the relative reference frame with respect to local fluid velocity. The resulting collision operator has a compact and fully Galilean invariant form, and it can then be exactly expressed in terms of an infinite Hermite expansion. Giving a lattice velocity set of specific order of isotropy, a proper truncation of this expansion can be directly determined. Higher order terms are retained in the truncation if a higher order lattice velocity set is used, so that Galilean invariance is attained asymptotically. The previously known filtered collision operator forms can be seen as a limit of zero fluid velocity.
The 2008 Economic Crisis: Implications and Responses in the Banking Sector
Creators: name: Ngowi, Honest Prosper
name: Ngowi, Honest Prosper
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: 2008 economic and financial crisis
subject: impacts
subject: responses

description: This article documents and discusses the impacts of and responses to the 2008 global financial and economic crisis (GFEC). General impacts and responses are outlined with some example from some specific countries. The discussion on the general impacts and responses are followed by discussions on the impacts of and response to the crisis in the banking subsector of the broader financial sector. The major findings of the study indicate that there have been substantial impacts of the crisis in the banking sector in the more economically and financially developed and integrated part of the world such as Europe and North America than in the less developed and intergated part of it such as Africa. Within Africa, the more economically developed and financially integrated countries such as South Africa and Nigeria were more affected by the crisis in general and in their financial sector in particular. There have also been various responses to the 2008 economic crisis in general and within the banking sub-sector in particular both globally and within Africa. The model that has been developed by the author indicates among other things that some of responses to economic crisis by the banking sector can lead to yet another chain of impacts, both positive and negative. The paper is mainly informed by a desk research in form of intensive literature review and discussion of the same.
Attosecond spectroscopy reveals alignment dependent core-hole dynamics in the ICl molecule
Creators: name: Marroux, Hugo J. B.
name: Fidler, Ashley P.
name: Ghosh, Aryya
name: Kobayashi, Yuki
name: Gokhberg, Kirill
name: Kuleff, Alexander I.
name: Leone, Stephen R.
name: Neumark, Daniel M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The removal of electrons located in the core shells of molecules creates transient states that live between a few femtoseconds to attoseconds. Owing to these short lifetimes, time-resolved studies of these states are challenging and complex molecular dynamics driven solely by electronic correlation are difficult to observe. Here, few-femtosecond core-excited state lifetimes of iodine monochloride are obtained by attosecond transient absorption on iodine 4d-16p transitions around 55 eV. Core-level ligand field splitting allows direct access of excited states aligned along and perpendicular to the ICl molecular axis. Lifetimes of 3.5 fs and 4.3 fs are obtained for core-hole states parallel to the bond and 6.5 fs and 6.9 fs for perpendicular states, while nuclear motion is essentially frozen on this timescale. Theory shows that the dramatic decrease of lifetime for core-vacancies parallel to the covalent bond is a manifestation of non-local interactions with the neighboring Cl atom of ICl.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures
Additional file 1 of Social judgments on abortion and contraceptive use: a mixed methods study among secondary school teachers and student peer-counsellors in western Kenya
Creators: name: Håkansson, Miranda
name: Super, Stephanie
name: Oguttu, Monica
name: Makenzius, Marlene
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1.
A Portfolio Choice Problem Under Risk Capacity Constraint
Creators: name: Tian, Weidong
name: Zhu, Zimu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Portfolio Management (q-fin.PM)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper studies an optimal investing problem for a retiree facing longevity risk and living standard risk. We formulate the investing problem as a portfolio choice problem under a time-varying risk capacity constraint. We derive the optimal investment strategy under the specific condition on model parameters in terms of second-order ordinary differential equations. We demonstrate an endogenous number that measures the expected value to sustain the spending post-retirement. The optimal portfolio is nearly neutral to the stock market movement if the portfolio's value is higher than this number; but, if the portfolio is not worth enough to sustain the retirement spending, the retiree actively invests in the stock market for the higher expected return. Besides, we solve an optimal portfolio choice problem under a leverage constraint and show that the optimal portfolio would lose significantly in stressed markets. This paper shows that the time-varying risk capacity constraint has important implications for asset allocation in retirement.
The Growth of Health Expenditure in Lesotho
Creators: name: Ramashamole, Paseka B.
name: Thamae, Retselisitsoe I.
name: Ramashamole, Paseka B.
name: Thamae, Retselisitsoe I.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Health Economics and Policy
subject: Public Health Expenditure
subject: Private Health Expenditure
subject: Cointegration
subject: Lesotho

description: The study analyses the factors behind the growth of health expenditure in Lesotho over the period 1980 to 2011. The cointegration test results reveal that income is one of the important factors explaining the growth of health spending in Lesotho, with public health expenditure being more responsive to changes in income than private health spending. Although the government’s role in disease patterns may be overshadowed by increased external funding, the findings highlight that Lesotho is still committed to improving the overall healthiness of its people. On the other hand, public and private health expenditure are found to follow different paths, with the ability of the citizens to finance their healthcare needs reducing the government’s pressure to offer more health services. External aid programmes also seem to have impacted positively on Lesotho’s public health spending while reducing a burden for privately-financed health services.
Additional file 1 of Induction of aquaporin 4-reactive antibodies in Lewis rats immunized with aquaporin 4 mimotopes
Creators: name: Tsymala, Irina
name: Nigritinou, Magdalini
name: Bleranda Zeka
name: Schulz, Rouven
name: Niederschick, Felix
name: Matković, Mia
name: Bauer, Isabel J.
name: Szalay, Michael
name: Schanda, Kathrin
name: Lerch, Magdalena
name: Tatsuro Misu
name: Fujihara, Kazuo
name: Bennett, Jeffrey L.
name: Dahle, Charlotte
name: Pache, Florence
name: Rommer, Paulus
name: Leutmezer, Fritz
name: Illes, Zsolt
name: Leite, Maria Isabel
name: Palace, Jacqueline
name: Scholze, Petra
name: Reindl, Markus
name: Lassmann, Hans
name: Bradl, Monika
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1.
Market Imperfections and Farm Technology Adoption Decisions : A Case Study from the Highlands of Ethiopia
Creators: name: Yesuf, Mahmud
name: Köhlin, Gunnar
Publisher: name: University of Gothenburg
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 38
subject: Economics

description: Working papers in Economics, No 403, School of Business, Economics and Law at University of Gothenburg.