cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Pedestrian Spatio-Temporal Information Fusion For Video Anomaly Detection
Creators: name: Hu, Chao
name: Zhu, Liqiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Aiming at the problem that the current video anomaly detection cannot fully use the temporal information and ignore the diversity of normal behavior, an anomaly detection method is proposed to integrate the spatiotemporal information of pedestrians. Based on the convolutional autoencoder, the input frame is compressed and restored through the encoder and decoder. Anomaly detection is realized according to the difference between the output frame and the true value. In order to strengthen the characteristic information connection between continuous video frames, the residual temporal shift module and the residual channel attention module are introduced to improve the modeling ability of the network on temporal information and channel information, respectively. Due to the excessive generalization of convolutional neural networks, in the memory enhancement modules, the hopping connections of each codec layer are added to limit autoencoders' ability to represent abnormal frames too vigorously and improve the anomaly detection accuracy of the network. In addition, the objective function is modified by a feature discretization loss, which effectively distinguishes different normal behavior patterns. The experimental results on the CUHK Avenue and ShanghaiTech datasets show that the proposed method is superior to the current mainstream video anomaly detection methods while meeting the real-time requirements.
description: International Conference on Intelligent Media, Big Data and Knowledge Mining
Speaker discrimination and classification in breath noises by human listeners
Creators: name: Werner, Raphael
name: Trouvain, Jürgen
name: Möbius, Bernd
Publisher: name: Phonetik und Phonologie im deutschsprachigen Raum
Year: 2022

description: Phonetik und Phonologie im deutschsprachigen Raum, Phonetik und Phonologie im deutschsprachigen Raum
Dipole operators in Fierz identities
Creators: name: Aebischer, Jason
name: Pesut, Marko
name: Polonsky, Zachary
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the contribution from dipole operators to one-loop Fierz identities and provide the resulting QCD and QED shifts to the tree-level relations for all four-fermion operators. The results simplify one-loop basis changes as well as matching computations and allow one to consistently eliminate operators from an operator basis which give rise to complications, e.g. traces involving $γ_5$.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures, 5 tables. Updated to match published version
Particle creation and the Schwinger model
Creators: name: Navarro-Salas, José
name: Pla, Silvia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the particle creation process in the Schwinger model coupled with an external classical source. One can approach the problem by taking advantage that the full quantized model is solvable and equivalent to a (massive) gauge field with a non-local effective action. Alternatively, one can also face the problem following the standard semiclassical route. This means quantizing the massless Dirac field and considering the electromagnetic field as a classical background. We evaluate the energy created by a generic, homogeneous, and time-dependent source. The results exactly match in both approaches. This proves in a very direct and economical way the validity of the semiclassical approach for the (massless) Schwinger model, in agreement with previous analysis based on the linear response equation. Our discussion suggests that a similar analysis for the massive Schwinger model could be used as a non-trivial laboratory to confront a fully quantized solvable model with its semiclassical approximation, therefore mimicking the long-standing confrontation of quantum gravity with quantum field theory in curved spacetime.
description: 10 pages; This article belongs to the Special Issue Black Holes, Cosmology, Quantum Gravity, and Their Symmetries;
title: Aufruf! Die neuesten Ereignisse in Frankfurt, die jüngst so entschieden hervorgetretenen republikanischen Bemühungen der demokratischen Vereine im Badischen und Würtemberg'schen sind geeignet, jeden wahren Anhänger konstitutioneller Freiheit mit Schmerz und Trauer zu erfüllen ...; [1848]
title: [München, im September 1848]
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2018

description: Kopftitel
Galactic Archaeology. The dwarfs that survived and perished
Creators: name: Belokurov, Vasily
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: From the archaeological point of view, the local dwarf galaxies are unique objects in which the imprint of the conditions that shaped the early structure formation can be studied today at high resolution. Over the last decade, this new window into the high redshift Universe has started to be exploited using deep wide-field imaging, high resolution spectroscopy and cutting edge N-body and hydro-dynamical simulations. We review the recent advances in the observational studies of the Milky Way dwarf galaxies, with the aim to understand the properties of the population as a whole and to assist an objective comparison between the models and the data.
description: Text revised. 1 Figure added. 72 pages, 9 figures. A review article to be published in the special issue "Galactic Archaeology" of New Astronomy Reviews
Rhythmic alternation or alternation rythmique? Prosodic factors in the positioning of a sub-class of attributive adjectives in French
Creators: name: Preßler, Anna
name: Kügler, Frank
name: Hamlaoui, Fatima
Publisher: name: Phonetik und Phonologie im deutschsprachigen Raum
Year: 2022

description: Phonetik und Phonologie im deutschsprachigen Raum, Phonetik und Phonologie im deutschsprachigen Raum
DGRec: Graph Neural Network for Recommendation with Diversified Embedding Generation
Creators: name: Yang, Liangwei
name: Wang, Shengjie
name: Tao, Yunzhe
name: Sun, Jiankai
name: Liu, Xiaolong
name: Yu, Philip S.
name: Wang, Taiqing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Graph Neural Network (GNN) based recommender systems have been attracting more and more attention in recent years due to their excellent performance in accuracy. Representing user-item interactions as a bipartite graph, a GNN model generates user and item representations by aggregating embeddings of their neighbors. However, such an aggregation procedure often accumulates information purely based on the graph structure, overlooking the redundancy of the aggregated neighbors and resulting in poor diversity of the recommended list. In this paper, we propose diversifying GNN-based recommender systems by directly improving the embedding generation procedure. Particularly, we utilize the following three modules: submodular neighbor selection to find a subset of diverse neighbors to aggregate for each GNN node, layer attention to assign attention weights for each layer, and loss reweighting to focus on the learning of items belonging to long-tail categories. Blending the three modules into GNN, we present DGRec(Diversified GNN-based Recommender System) for diversified recommendation. Experiments on real-world datasets demonstrate that the proposed method can achieve the best diversity while keeping the accuracy comparable to state-of-the-art GNN-based recommender systems.
description: 9 pages, WSDM 2023
Poxvirus-based vaccine therapy for patients with advanced pancreatic cancer
Creators: name: Kaufman, Howard
name: Kim-Schulze, Seunghee
name: Manson, Kelledy
name: DeRaffele, Gail
name: Mitcham, Josephine
name: Seo, Kang
name: Kim, Dae
name: Marshall, John
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2007
Subjects: Pancreas--Cancer--Research
Pancreas--Cancer
Cancer vaccines
Recombinant poxviruses
Pancreas--Cancer--Surgery
Oncology
Medicine

description: Purpose: An open-label Phase 1 study of recombinant prime-boost poxviruses targeting CEA and MUC-1 in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer was conducted to determine safety, tolerability and obtain preliminary data on immune response and survival. Patients and methods: Ten patients with advanced pancreatic cancer were treated on a Phase I clinical trial. The vaccination regimen consisted of vaccinia virus expressing tumor antigens carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and mucin-1 (MUC-1) with three costimulatory molecules B7.1, ICAM-1 and LFA-3 (TRICOM) (PANVAC-V) and fowlpox virus expressing the same antigens and costimulatory molecules (PANVAC-F). Patients were primed with PANVAC-V followed by three booster vaccinations using PANVAC-F. Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) was used as a local adjuvant after each vaccination and for 3 consecutive days thereafter. Monthly booster vaccinations for up to 12 months were provided for patients without progressive disease. Peripheral blood was collected before, during and after vaccinations for immune analysis. Results: The most common treatment-related adverse events were mild injection-site reactions. Antibody responses against vaccinia virus was observed in all 10 patients and antigen-specific T cell responses were observed in 5 out of 8 evaluable patients (62.5%). Median overall survival was 6.3 months and a significant increase in overall survival was noted in patients who generated anti CEA- and/or MUC-1-specific immune responses compared with those who did not (15.1 vs 3.9 months, respectively; P = .002). Conclusion: Poxvirus vaccination is safe, well tolerated, and capable of generating antigen-specific immune responses in patients with advanced pancreatic cancer.
Optimised Trotter Decompositions for Classical and Quantum Computing
Creators: name: Ostmeyer, Johann
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Suzuki-Trotter decompositions of exponential operators like $\exp(Ht)$ are required in almost every branch of numerical physics. Often the exponent under consideration has to be split into more than two operators $H=\sum_k A_k$, for instance as local gates on quantum computers. We demonstrate how highly optimised schemes originally derived for exactly two operators $A_{1,2}$ can be applied to such generic Suzuki-Trotter decompositions, providing a formal proof of correctness as well as numerical evidence of efficiency. A comprehensive review of existing symmetric decomposition schemes up to order $n\le4$ is presented and complemented by a number of novel schemes, including both real and complex coefficients. We derive the theoretically most efficient unitary and non-unitary 4th order decompositions. The list is augmented by several exceptionally efficient schemes of higher order $n\le8$. Furthermore we show how Taylor expansions can be used on classical devices to reach machine precision at a computational effort at which state of the art Trotterization schemes do not surpass a relative precision of $10^{-4}$. Finally, a short and easily understandable summary explains how to choose the optimal decomposition in any given scenario.
description: 25 + 5 pages, 6 figures; code and data available, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.8044499 ; v2: added references; v3: added appendix; v4 (published version): added Yoshida's method
Kac-Wakimoto character formula for the general linear Lie superalgebra
Creators: name: Chmutov, Michael
name: Hoyt, Crystal
name: Reif, Shifra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Character formulas for Lie superalgebras have been shown to have important applications to number theory and combinatorics. We prove the Kac-Wakimoto character formula for the general linear Lie superalgebra gl(m|n). This formula specializes to the well-known Kac-Weyl character formula when the modules are typical and to the Weyl denominator identity when the module is trivial. We also prove a determinantal character formula for KW-modules using the Kac-Wakimoto character formula.
ChIP-on-chip significance analysis reveals ubiquitous transcription factor binding
Creators: name: Margolin, Adam
name: Palomero Vazquez, M. Teresa
name: Ferrando, Adolfo A.
name: Califano, Andrea
name: Stolovitzky, Gustavo
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Gene regulatory networks
subject: Human genetics--Variation
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biology

description: ChIP-on-chip technology provides a genome-scale view of transcription factor (TF)/target interactions and a systems level window into transcriptional regulatory networks. However, while many studies have used ChIP-on-chip data to effectively discover new TF targets, statistical methods have fallen short of developing an accurate model to disassociate signals caused by experimental noise from those caused by true biological variation, thus leveraging the technology to provide high confidence predictions of the full range of interactions.
Does practicing hatha yoga satisfy recommendations for intensity of physical activity which improves and maintains health and cardiovascular fitness?
Creators: name: Hagins, Marshall
name: Moore, Wendy
name: Rundle, Andrew G.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2007
Subjects: Exercise--Health aspects
Cardiovascular fitness
Physical fitness--Health aspects
Hatha yoga
Medical sciences

description: Background: Little is known about the metabolic and heart rate responses to a typical hatha yoga session. The purposes of this study were 1) to determine whether a typical yoga practice using various postures meets the current recommendations for levels of physical activity required to improve and maintain health and cardiovascular fitness; 2) to determine the reliability of metabolic costs of yoga across sessions; 3) to compare the metabolic costs of yoga practice to those of treadmill walking. Methods: In this observational study, 20 intermediate-to-advanced level yoga practitioners, age 31.4 ± 8.3 years, performed an exercise routine inside a human respiratory chamber (indirect calorimeter) while wearing heart rate monitors. The exercise routine consisted of 30 minutes of sitting, 56 minutes of beginner-level hatha yoga administered by video, and 10 minutes of treadmill walking at 3.2 and 4.8 kph each. Measures were mean oxygen consumption (VO2), heart rate (HR), percentage predicted maximal heart rate (%MHR), metabolic equivalents (METs), and energy expenditure (kcal). Seven subjects repeated the protocol so that measurement reliability could be established. Results: Mean values across the entire yoga session for VO2, HR, %MHR, METs, and energy/min were 0.6 L/kg/min; 93.2 beats/min; 49.4%; 2.5; and 3.2 kcal/min; respectively. Results of the ICCs (2,1) for mean values across the entire yoga session for kcal, METs, and %MHR were 0.979 and 0.973, and 0.865, respectively. Conclusion: Metabolic costs of yoga averaged across the entire session represent low levels of physical activity, are similar to walking on a treadmill at 3.2 kph, and do not meet recommendations for levels of physical activity for improving or maintaining health or cardiovascular fitness. Yoga practice incorporating sun salutation postures exceeding the minimum bout of 10 minutes may contribute some portion of sufficiently intense physical activity to improve cardio-respiratory fitness in unfit or sedentary individuals. The measurement of energy expenditure across yoga sessions is highly reliable.
Building a Stückelberg Portal
Creators: name: Feng, Wan-Zhe
name: Shiu, Gary
name: Soler, Pablo
name: Ye, Fang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct explicit string theory models realizing the recently proposed "Stückelberg Portal" scenario, a framework for building Z' mediation models without the need to introduce unwanted exotic matter charged under the Standard Model. This scenario can be viewed purely field-theoretically, although it is particularly well motivated from string theory. By analyzing carefully the Stückelberg couplings between the Abelian gauge bosons and the RR axions, we construct the first global intersecting brane models which extend the Standard Model with a genuine hidden sector, to which it is nonetheless connected via U(1) mass mixings. Utilizing the explicit models we construct, we discuss some broad phenomenological properties and experimental implications of this scenario such as Z-Z' mixings, dark matter stability and relic density, and supersymmetry mediation. With an appropriate confining hidden sector, our setup also provides a minimal realization of the hidden valley scenario. We further explore the possibility of obtaining small Z' masses from a large ensemble of U(1) bosons. Related to the Stückelberg portal are two mechanisms that connect the visible and the hidden sectors, namely mediation by non-perturbative operators and the hidden photon scenario, on which we briefly comment.
description: 39 pages, 11 figures
Implementing evidence-based interventions in health care: application of the replicating effective programs framework
Creators: name: Kilbourne, Amy
name: Neumann, Mary
name: Pincus, Harold A.
name: Bauer, Mark
name: Stall, Ronald
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2007
Subjects: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)
Community health services
Medical care
Health services administration
Public health
Medical sciences

description: Background: We describe the use of a conceptual framework and implementation protocol to prepare effective health services interventions for implementation in community-based (i.e., non-academic-affiliated) settings. Methods: The framework is based on the experiences of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Replicating Effective Programs (REP) project, which has been at the forefront of developing systematic and effective strategies to prepare HIV interventions for dissemination. This article describes the REP framework, and how it can be applied to implement clinical and health services interventions in community-based organizations. Results: REP consists of four phases: pre-conditions (e.g., identifying need, target population, and suitable intervention), pre-implementation (e.g., intervention packaging and community input), implementation (e.g., package dissemination, training, technical assistance, and evaluation), and maintenance and evolution (e.g., preparing the intervention for sustainability). Key components of REP, including intervention packaging, training, technical assistance, and fidelity assessment are crucial to the implementation of effective interventions in health care. Conclusion: REP is a well-suited framework for implementing health care interventions, as it specifies steps needed to maximize fidelity while allowing opportunities for flexibility (i.e., local customizing) to maximize transferability. Strategies that foster the sustainability of REP as a tool to implement effective health care interventions need to be developed and tested.
Computing matrix inversion with optical networks
Creators: name: Wu, Kan
name: Soci, Cesare
name: Shum, Perry Ping
name: Zheludev, Nikolay I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With this paper we bring about a discussion on the computing potential of complex optical networks and provide experimental demonstration that an optical fiber network can be used as an analog processor to calculate matrix inversion. A 3x3 matrix is inverted as a proof-of-concept demonstration using a fiber network containing three nodes and operating at telecomm wavelength. For an NxN matrix, the overall solving time (including setting time of the matrix elements and calculation time of inversion) scales as O(N^2), whereas matrix inversion by most advanced computer algorithms requires ~O(N^2.37) computational time. For well-conditioned matrices, the error of the inversion performed optically is found to be less than 3%, limited by the accuracy of measurement equipment.
description: 5 pages
Rolle von Umlaut im Erwerb des Plurals im Deutschen
Creators: name: Baer-Henney, Dinah
name: Domahs, Ulrike
Publisher: name: Phonetik und Phonologie im deutschsprachigen Raum
Year: 2022

description: Phonetik und Phonologie im deutschsprachigen Raum, Phonetik und Phonologie im deutschsprachigen Raum
Pitfalls of Climate Network Construction: A Statistical Perspective
Creators: name: Haas, Moritz
name: Goswami, Bedartha
name: von Luxburg, Ulrike
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Network-based analyses of dynamical systems have become increasingly popular in climate science. Here we address network construction from a statistical perspective and highlight the often ignored fact that the calculated correlation values are only empirical estimates. To measure spurious behaviour as deviation from a ground truth network, we simulate time-dependent isotropic random fields on the sphere and apply common network construction techniques. We find several ways in which the uncertainty stemming from the estimation procedure has major impact on network characteristics. When the data has locally coherent correlation structure, spurious link bundle teleconnections and spurious high-degree clusters have to be expected. Anisotropic estimation variance can also induce severe biases into empirical networks. We validate our findings with ERA5 reanalysis data. Moreover we explain why commonly applied resampling procedures are inappropriate for significance evaluation and propose a statistically more meaningful ensemble construction framework. By communicating which difficulties arise in estimation from scarce data and by presenting which design decisions increase robustness, we hope to contribute to more reliable climate network construction in the future.
On curves and jets of curves and on supermanifolds
Creators: name: Bruce, Andrew James
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 58A20, 58A32, 58A50

description: In this note we examine a natural concept of a curve on a supermanifold and the subsequent notion of the jet of a curve. We then tackle the question of geometrically defining the higher order tangent bundles of a supermanifold. Finally we make a quick comparison with the notion of a curve presented here are other common notions found in the literature.
description: 11 pages. Typos corrected and very minor editing. Comments are welcomed
Stimmliche und sprecherische Genderrepräsentationen in der Werbung
Creators: name: Henneberger, Inke
name: Weirich, Melanie
Publisher: name: Phonetik und Phonologie im deutschsprachigen Raum
Year: 2022

description: Phonetik und Phonologie im deutschsprachigen Raum, Phonetik und Phonologie im deutschsprachigen Raum
A Survey on Influence Maximization: From an ML-Based Combinatorial Optimization
Creators: name: Li, Yandi
name: Gao, Haobo
name: Gao, Yunxuan
name: Guo, Jianxiong
name: Wu, Weili
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Influence Maximization (IM) is a classical combinatorial optimization problem, which can be widely used in mobile networks, social computing, and recommendation systems. It aims at selecting a small number of users such that maximizing the influence spread across the online social network. Because of its potential commercial and academic value, there are a lot of researchers focusing on studying the IM problem from different perspectives. The main challenge comes from the NP-hardness of the IM problem and \#P-hardness of estimating the influence spread, thus traditional algorithms for overcoming them can be categorized into two classes: heuristic algorithms and approximation algorithms. However, there is no theoretical guarantee for heuristic algorithms, and the theoretical design is close to the limit. Therefore, it is almost impossible to further optimize and improve their performance. With the rapid development of artificial intelligence, the technology based on Machine Learning (ML) has achieved remarkable achievements in many fields. In view of this, in recent years, a number of new methods have emerged to solve combinatorial optimization problems by using ML-based techniques. These methods have the advantages of fast solving speed and strong generalization ability to unknown graphs, which provide a brand-new direction for solving combinatorial optimization problems. Therefore, we abandon the traditional algorithms based on iterative search and review the recent development of ML-based methods, especially Deep Reinforcement Learning, to solve the IM problem and other variants in social networks. We focus on summarizing the relevant background knowledge, basic principles, common methods, and applied research. Finally, the challenges that need to be solved urgently in future IM research are pointed out.
description: 45 pages
Organisational challenges associated with design and implementation of technology in re-design projects in the nuclear domain
Creators: name: OSVALDER, Anna-Lisa
name: ALM, Håkan
Publisher: name: CPH Conference : 11th International Symposium on Human Factors in Organisational Design and Management
Year: 2014

description: A complex socio-technical system needs to optimize on safety when designing
the human-machine systems. The purpose of this study was to learn about organisational challenges in redesign projects in the nuclear domain. Interview results showed that stakeholders had focus on either technology driven or human factors driven design. A conclusion was that all project members need knowledge and understanding of human factors aspects; these need to be highlighted both in planning and during the whole iterative design process, where also operator involvement is crucial. If organisational challenges can be solved the resilience of the nuclear power domain may improve.
DNA evidence for global dispersal and probable endemicity of protozoa
Creators: name: Bass, David
name: Richards, Thomas
name: Matthai, Lena
name: Marsh, Victoria
name: Cavalier-Smith, Thomas
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Biogeography
subject: Biodiversity
subject: Protozoa
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Background: It is much debated whether microbes are easily dispersed globally or whether they, like many macro-organisms, have historical biogeographies. The ubiquitous dispersal hypothesis states that microbes are so numerous and so easily dispersed worldwide that all should be globally distributed and found wherever growing conditions suit them. This has been broadly upheld for protists (microbial eukaryotes) by most morphological and some molecular analyses. However, morphology and most previously used evolutionary markers evolve too slowly to test this important hypothesis adequately. Results: Here we use a fast-evolving marker (ITS1 rDNA) to map global diversity and distribution of three different clades of cercomonad Protozoa (Eocercomonas and Paracercomonas: phylum Cercozoa) by sequencing multiple environmental gene libraries constructed from 47–80 globally-dispersed samples per group. Even with this enhanced resolution, identical ITS sequences (ITS-types) were retrieved from widely separated sites and on all continents for several genotypes, implying relatively rapid global dispersal. Some identical ITS-types were even recovered from both marine and non-marine samples, habitats that generally harbour significantly different protist communities. Conversely, other ITS-types had either patchy or restricted distributions. Conclusion: Our results strongly suggest that geographic dispersal in macro-organisms and microbes is not fundamentally different: some taxa show restricted and/or patchy distributions while others are clearly cosmopolitan. These results are concordant with the 'moderate endemicity model' of microbial biogeography. Rare or continentally endemic microbes may be ecologically significant and potentially of conservational concern. We also demonstrate that strains with identical 18S but different ITS1 rDNA sequences can differ significantly in terms of morphological and important physiological characteristics, providing strong additional support for global protist biodiversity being significantly higher than previously thought.
Entwicklung von Geschlecht in der präpubertären Stimme: Eine Langzeitstudie
Creators: name: Funk, Riccarda
name: Simpson, Adrian
Publisher: name: Phonetik und Phonologie im deutschsprachigen Raum
Year: 2022

description: Phonetik und Phonologie im deutschsprachigen Raum, Phonetik und Phonologie im deutschsprachigen Raum
Coarse-graining DNA for simulations of DNA nanotechnology
Creators: name: Doye, Jonathan P. K.
name: Ouldridge, Thomas E.
name: Louis, Ard A.
name: Romano, Flavio
name: Sulc, Petr
name: Matek, Christian
name: Snodin, Benedict E. K.
name: Rovigatti, Lorenzo
name: Schreck, John S.
name: Harrison, Ryan M.
name: Smith, William P. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To simulate long time and length scale processes involving DNA it is necessary to use a coarse-grained description. Here we provide an overview of different approaches to such coarse graining, focussing on those at the nucleotide level that allow the self-assembly processes associated with DNA nanotechnology to be studied. OxDNA, our recently-developed coarse-grained DNA model, is particularly suited to this task, and has opened up this field to systematic study by simulations. We illustrate some of the range of DNA nanotechnology systems to which the model is being applied, as well as the insights it can provide into fundamental biophysical properties of DNA.
description: 20 pages, 9 figures
Three-Field Potential for Soft-Wall AdS/QCD
Creators: name: Bartz, Sean P.
name: Kapusta, Joseph I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The AdS/CFT correspondence may offer new and useful insights into the non-perturbative regime of strongly coupled gauge theories such as Quantum Chromodynamics. Soft-wall AdS/QCD models have reproduced the linear trajectories of meson spectra by including background dilaton and chiral condensate fields. Efforts to derive these background fields from a scalar potential have so far been unsuccessful in satisfying the UV boundary conditions set by the AdS/CFT dictionary while reproducing the IR behavior needed to obtain the correct chiral symmetry breaking and meson spectra. We present a three-field scalar parametrization that includes the dilaton field and the chiral and glueball condensates. This model is consistent with linear trajectories for the meson spectra and the correct mass-splitting between the vector and axial-vector mesons. We also present the resulting meson trajectories.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures, Presented at The 7th International Workshop on Chiral Dynamics, August 6 -10, 2012, Jefferson Lab, Newport News, Virginia, USA
title: Zum nächsten Landtage. An die Urwähler und Wahlmänner; [ca. 1848]
title: Abermals seyd Ihr berufen, ein wichtiges Amt auszuüben, die Männer auszusuchen, welche am kommenden Landtag das Wohl und Rechte des Bayernvolkes wahrnehmen sollen ...
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2018

description: Kopftitel
The Stokes Phase Portraits of Descattered Pulse Profiles of a Few Pulsars
Creators: name: Rusul, Abdujappar
name: Esamdin, Ali
name: Zheng, Xiao-Ping
name: Yuan, Jian-Ping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The observing signals from pulsar are always influenced by the interstellar medium (ISM) scattering. In the lower frequency observation, the intensity profiles are broadened and the plane of polarization angle (PPA) curves are flattened by the scattering effect of the ISM. So before we analyze the scattered signal, we should take a proper approach to clear scattering effect from it. Observing data and simulation have shown that the Stokes phase portraits $I$-$U$, $I$-$Q$ and $Q$-$U$ are also distorted by the ISM scattering. In this paper, a simulation is held to demonstrate a scattering and a descattering of the Stokes phase portraits of a single pulse profile of a pulsar. As a realization of the simulation method, this paper has studied the descattering of Stokes phase portraits of lower frequency observation of PSR B1356$-$60, PSR B1831$-$03, PSR B1859+03, PSR B1946+35.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures, accepted by astrophysics and space science
Mapping of lymphatic filariasis in Nepal
Creators: name: Sherchand, Jeevan
name: Obsomer, Valérie
name: Thakur, Garib
name: Hommel, Marcel
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2003
Subjects: Tropical medicine
Medical geography
Lymphatics--Diseases
Epidemiology
Public health

description: Background: Human infection with Wuchereria bancrofti causes a disabling parasitic disease known as lymphatic filariasis, which is a major public health and socio-economic problem in many parts of the world. At the onset of the study, little was known of the distribution of filariasis and its current importance as a public health problem in Nepal. Methods: Epidemiological mapping was undertaken to determine the prevalence of infection by Wuchereria bancrofti in 37 districts of Nepal between July to December 2001. The study population above 15 years of age was selected, and the immunochromatographic test (ICT Filariasis) was used to screen for circulating filarial antigen (CFA). Results: The overall prevalence of lymphatic filariasis from a 4,488-sample population was 13% and 33/37 districts were found to be endemic. On the basis of geographical data, the highest number of cases was found at altitudes between 500–700 m; however, a substantial number of infected individuals were found in the highly populated Kathmandu valley, at altitudes between 900–1,500 metres where transmission appears to take place. Prevalence rates above 20% were found in 11 districts (with the highest rate of 40%), 6–19% were found in 15 districts, and 0.1–5% were in 7 districts. Information on people's knowledge, attitudes and behaviour towards filariasis was also collected by means of a structured questionnaire, which is presented and discussed in the study. Conclusions: This is the most extensive study of lymphatic filariasis undertaken to date in Nepal. The study indicates that the prevalence of infection is far greater than was previously reported and that lymphatic filariasis should be a much higher health priority than currently given.
OSp(4|4) superconformal currents in three-dimensional N=4 Chern-Simons quiver gauge theories
Creators: name: Chen, Fa-Min
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We prove explicitly that the general D=3, N=4 Chern-Simons-matter (CSM) theory has a complete OSp(4|4) superconformal symmetry, and construct the corresponding conserved currents. We re-derive the OSp(5|4) superconformal currents in the general N=5 theory as special cases of the OSp(4|4) currents by enhancing the supersymmetry from N=4 to N=5. The closure of the full OSp(4|4) superconformal algebra is verified explicitly.
description: 23 pages, published in PRD
Sharing is caring: a discussion for combining risk information
Creators: name: STOGSDILL, Matthew
name: ULFVENGREN, Pernilla
name: BARANZINI, Daniele
name: CORRIGAN, Siobhán
name: MCDONALD, Nick
Publisher: name: CPH Conference : 11th International Symposium on Human Factors in Organisational Design and Management
Year: 2014

description: As the aviation system continues to grow, the need to develop models that allow for an understanding of the complex interactions that occur within the industry. This paper will present some preliminary finding of the PROactive Safety PERformance for Operations (PROSPERO), an FP7 project, regarding the development of the conceptual and practical implication of such a model. Additionally, work concerning the development of a new understanding of risk, which will be necessary to fully understand the complexities of highly interconnected systems, will be discussed, which will be continued in future papers.
Salienz einzelner phonetischer Merkmale des multiehtnolektalen Zürichdeutschen
Creators: name: Morand, Marie-Anne
name: Schmid, Stephan
Publisher: name: Phonetik und Phonologie im deutschsprachigen Raum
Year: 2022

description: Phonetik und Phonologie im deutschsprachigen Raum, Phonetik und Phonologie im deutschsprachigen Raum
Ion kinetic properties in Mercury's pre-midnight plasma sheet
Creators: name: Gershman, Daniel J.
name: Slavin, James A.
name: Raines, Jim M.
name: Zurbuchen, Thomas H.
name: Anderson, Brian J.
name: Korth, Haje
name: Baker, Daniel N.
name: Solomon, Sean C.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Plasma (Ionized gases)
subject: Magnetosphere
subject: Solar wind
subject: Geophysics
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Planetology

description: With data from the Fast Imaging Plasma Spectrometer sensor on the MErcury Surface, Space ENvironment, GEochemistry, and Ranging spacecraft, we demonstrate that the average distributions for both solar wind and planetary ions in Mercury’s pre-midnight plasma sheet are well-described by hot Maxwell-Boltzmann distributions. Temperatures and densities of the H+ ranges ~1–10 cm3 and ~5–30 MK, respectively, maintain thermal pressures of ~1 nPa. The dominant planetary ion, Na+ abundances with respect to H+ and exhibit mass-proportional ion temperatures, indicative of a reconnection-dominated heating in the magnetosphere. Conversely, planetary ion species are accelerated to similar average energies greater by a factor of ~1.5 than that of H+ acceleration in an electric potential, consistent with the presence of a strong centrifugal acceleration process in Mercury’s magnetosphere.
Werden deutsche epiphänomenale Ejektive als ‘echte’ Ejektive wahrgenommen?
Creators: name: Sulaberidze, Nato
Publisher: name: Phonetik und Phonologie im deutschsprachigen Raum
Year: 2022

description: Phonetik und Phonologie im deutschsprachigen Raum, Phonetik und Phonologie im deutschsprachigen Raum
The Velocity Distribution of Pickup He+ Measured at 3.0 AU By Messenger
Creators: name: Gershman, Daniel J.
name: Fisk, Lennard A.
name: Gloeckler, George
name: Raines, Jim M.
name: Slavin, James A.
name: Zurbuchen, Thomas H.
name: Solomon, Sean C.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Helium ions
subject: Astrophysics
subject: Interstellar matter
subject: Geophysics
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Planetology

description: During its interplanetary trajectory in 2007–2009, the MErcury Surface, Space ENvrionment, GEochemistry, and Ranging (MESSENGER) spacecraft passed through the gravitational focusing cone for interstellar helium multiple times at a heliocentric distance R ≈ 0.3 AU. Observations of He+ interstellar pickup ions made by the Fast Imaging Plasma Spectrometer sensor on MESSENGER during these transits provide a glimpse into the structure of newly formed inner heliospheric pickup-ion distributions. This close to the Sun, these ions are picked up in a nearly radial interplanetary magnetic field. Compared with the near-Earth environment, pickup ions observed near 0.3 AU will not have had sufficient time to be energized substantially. Such an environment results in a nearly pristine velocity distribution function that should depend only on pickup-ion injection velocities (related to the interstellar gas), pitch-angle scattering, and cooling processes. From measured energy-per-charge spectra obtained during multiple spacecraft observational geometries, we have deduced the phase-space density of He+ as a function of magnetic pitch angle. Our measurements are most consistent with a distribution that decreases nearly monotonically with increasing pitch angle, rather than the more commonly modeled isotropic or hemispherically symmetric forms. These results imply that pitch-angle scattering of He+ may not be instantaneous, as is often assumed, and instead may reflect the velocity distribution of initially injected particles. In a slow solar wind stream, we find a parallel-scattering mean free path of λ ∼ 0.1 AU and a He+ production rate of ∼0.05 m−3 s−1 within 0.3 AU.
The accretion environment in Vela X-1 during a flaring period using XMM-Newton
Creators: name: Martínez-Núñez, Silvia
name: Torrejón, José Miguel
name: Kühnel, Matthias
name: Kretschmar, Peter
name: Stuhlinger, Martin
name: Rodes-Roca, José Joaquín
name: Fürst, Feliz
name: Kreykenbohm, Ingo
name: Martin-Carrillo, Antonio
name: Pollock, Andy M. T.
name: Wilms, Joern
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present analysis of 100 ks contiguous XMM-Newton data of the prototypical wind accretor Vela X-1. The observation covered eclipse egress between orbital phases 0.134 and 0.265, during which a giant flare took place, enabling us to study the spectral properties both outside and during the flare. This giant flare with a peak luminosity of $3.92^{+0.42}_{-0.09} \times 10^{37}$ erg s$^{-1}$ allows estimates of the physical parameters of the accreted structure with a mass of $\sim$ $10^{21}$ g. We have been able to model several contributions to the observed spectrum with a phenomenological model formed by three absorbed power laws plus three emission lines. After analysing the variations with orbital phase of the column density of each component, as well as those in the Fe and Ni fluorescence lines, we provide a physical interpretation for each spectral component. Meanwhile, the first two components are two aspects of the principal accretion component from the surface of the neutron star, and the third component seems to be the \textit{X-ray light echo} formed in the stellar wind of the companion.
description: Accepted. Astronomy and Astrophysics, 2013
Hard work in soft regulation. A discussion of the social mechanisms in OHS management standards and possible dilemmas in the reg
Creators: name: HOHNEN, Pernille
name: HASLE, Peter
name: JESPERSEN, Anne Helbo
name: MADSEN, Christian Uhrenholdt
Publisher: name: CPH Conference : 11th International Symposium on Human Factors in Organisational Design and Management
Year: 2014

description: Certified occupational health and safety management (OHSM) systems have become a global instrument in the regulation of work environment. However, their actual impact on occupational health and safety – in particular on ‘softer’ psychosocial areas of the working environment – has been questioned. This has resulted in recent British attempts to develop publically available guidelines (PAS 1010) to be used together with OHSAS 18001 focusing specifically on psychosocial risk management. The paper discusses these attempts in light of recent sociological theories on the regulatory mechanisms in international standards, and concludes that the new guidelines only partially resolve prevailing inadequacies of OHSAS 18001.
Statistical validation of the criteria for symptom remission in schizophrenia: Preliminary findings
Creators: name: Opler, Mark
name: Yang, Lawrence
name: Caleo, Sue
name: Alberti, Philip
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2007
Subjects: Schizophrenia--Treatment
Clinical trials--Methodology
Psychiatric epidemiology
Psychiatry
Mental health
Clinical psychology

description: Background: Published methods for assessing remission in schizophrenia are variable and none have been definitively validated or standardized. Andreasen et al (2005) suggest systematic operational criteria using eight PANSS items for which patients must score ≤ 3 (mild) for at least six months. Methods: Using data from a one year, multi-site clinical trial (n = 675) remission criteria were compared to total PANSS scores and other endpoints and demonstrate excellent agreement with overall clinical status. Results: Compared to total PANSS score of 60 points and other criteria, at time points > 6 months (8 and 12 months) the specificity of the remission criteria was 85%, i.e. of the patients who had a total score >60, 85% were classified as "not in remission." Sensitivity was also very high; 75% of patients with scores of <60 were classified as "in remission." Patients who dropped out of the trial were more likely not to be in remission prior to dropping out. Conclusion: These findings indicate that the remission criteria are both sensitive and specific indicators of clinical status. Additional analyses are required to determine if remission status predicts other outcomes, such as employment, independent living, and prognosis.
Crossover scaling in the two-dimensional three-state Potts model
Creators: name: Nagai, T.
name: Okamoto, Y.
name: Janke, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply simulated tempering and magnetizing (STM) Monte Carlo simulations to the two-dimensional three-state Potts model in an external magnetic field in order to investigate the crossover scaling behaviour in the temperature-field plane at the Potts critical point and towards the Ising universality class for negative magnetic fields. Our data set has been generated by STM simulations of several square lattices with sizes up to 160 x 160 spins, supplemented by conventional canonical simulations of larger lattices at selected simulation points. We present careful scaling and finite-size scaling analyses of the crossover behaviour with respect to temperature, magnetic field and lattice size.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures