cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Additional file 1: of Ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants in the Hawassa Zuria District, Sidama zone, Southern Ethiopia
Creators: name: Banchiamlak Tefera
name: Young-Dong Kim
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Table S1. Semi-structured questionnaire, research questions and hypothesis (DOCX 16 kb)
COMMUNITY CITIZENSHIP BEHAVIORS IN ISLAND TOURISM: INSIGHTS FROM RESIDENTS' PERCEIVED BENEFITS
Creators: name: JUANJUAN ZHAO
name: UEA-UMPORN TIPAYATIKUMPORN
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Community Citizenship Behaviors, Perceived Tourism Benefits, Residents' Community Identity, Community Residents' Attitudes, Island Rural Destination Community.

description: Abstract

Since 2004, the CPC Central Committee has issued the No. 1 Document for 20 consecutive years, focusing on " farmers、agriculture、rural areas." The "No. 1 Document" has become a proper noun that highlights rural issues, and "farmers, agriculture、rural areas" have become important issues in China under the new era of rapid economic development. This essay deals with the issues of “farmers, agriculture, rural areas” that need to be solved urgently in Zhoushan island area. zhoushan Archipelago boasts a beautiful combination of blue skies, clear seas, golden beaches, and a profound cultural heritage of Guanyin. With its rich tourism resources, the tourism industry has flourished, which has also driven the development of rural communities, as well as employment and income growth for residents. Community citizenship behaviors of residents in rural island tourism destinations play a significant role in enhancing community governance outcomes, shaping high-quality visitor experiences, and showcasing a positive rural spiritual civilization. This doctoral dissertation explores the community citizenship behaviors of residents in island tourism, focusing on the insights gained from their perceived benefits. The study begins by examining the theoretical framework that links residents' perceived benefits to their willingness to engage in community citizenship behaviors. Through a mixed-methods approach, including surveys and in-depth interviews, data were collected from residents of several island destinations. The findings reveal that residents who perceive significant economic, social, and cultural benefits from tourism are more likely to exhibit positive behaviors that contribute to the community's well-being and sustainable tourism development. The study identifies key factors such as personal gain, empathetic understanding, and place identity that influence these behaviors. Additionally, the research highlights the importance of effective communication and engagement strategies by local authorities and tourism stakeholders to enhance residents' perceived benefits and foster a sense of community ownership. The dissertation concludes with recommendations for policymakers and practitioners to develop programs that align tourism development with the preservation of local traditions and environmental sustainability, ultimately enhancing the quality of life for residents and the attractiveness of the destination for tourists.
Combinatorial summation of Feynman diagrams: Equation of state of the 2D SU(N) Hubbard model
Creators: name: Kozik, Evgeny
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Feynman's diagrammatic series is a common language for a formally exact theoretical description of systems of infinitely-many interacting quantum particles, as well as a foundation for precision computational techniques. Here we introduce a universal framework for efficient summation of connected or skeleton Feynman diagrams for generic quantum many-body systems. It is based on an explicit combinatorial construction of the sum of the integrands by dynamic programming, at a computational cost that can be made only exponential in the diagram order on a classical computer and potentially polynomial on a quantum computer. We illustrate the technique by an unbiased diagrammatic Monte Carlo calculation of the equation of state of the $2D$ $SU(N)$ Hubbard model in an experimentally relevant regime, which has remained challenging for state-of-the-art numerical methods.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
Bede Griffiths und die Einzigartigkeit des Christentums
Creators: name: Teasdale, Wayne
Publisher: name: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio
Year: 2022

description: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Bd. 14 Nr. 3 (1985): Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Band 14, Heft 3
Merging of Confocal and Caging Technologies: Selective Three-Color Communication with Profluorescent Reporters
Creators: name: Sun, Liang
name: Lee, Hsien-Ming
name: Priestman, Melanie A.
name: Lawrence, David S.
name: Shell, Thomas A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Falling apart, on cue: Signaling pathways often display a profound spatiotemporal component that is best studied using light-activatable reagents. Three separate photolabile moieties that can be distinguished based upon their response to three distinct wavelengths (360, 440, and 560 nm) have been synthesized and evaluated. This tri-color system is also applied to imaging in microwells and HeLa cells (see picture).
Area minimizing discs in metric spaces
Creators: name: Lytchak, Alexander
name: Wenger, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 49Q05, 53C23

description: We solve the classical problem of Plateau in the setting of proper metric spaces. Precisely, we prove that among all disc-type surfaces with prescribed Jordan boundary in a proper metric space there exists an area minimizing disc which moreover has a quasi-conformal parametrization. If the space supports a local quadratic isoperimetric inequality for curves we prove that such a solution is locally Hölder continuous in the interior and continuous up to the boundary. Our results generalize corresponding results of Douglas and Morrey from the setting of Euclidean space and Riemannian manifolds to that of proper metric spaces.
description: typos corrected, some comments added, minor changes to the exposition at some places
Strong Electronic and Counterion Effects on Geminal Digold Formation and Reactivity as Revealed by Gold(I)-Aryl Model Complexes
Creators: name: Weber, Dieter
name: Adduci, Laura L.
name: Gagné, Michel R.
name: Jones, T. David
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Die geminale Diaurierung von [Ph3PAu(Aryl)]‐Komplexen wurde als Modell untersucht, um Einblick in die intermediäre Bildung von geminalen diaurierten Gold(I)‐Vinylkomplexen in der Katalyse zu gewinnen (siehe Schema). Die Ergebnisse tragen zum Verständnis der Faktoren bei, die die Stabilität, Reaktivität und Dynamik dieser metallorganischen Zwischenstufen bestimmen.
Signatures of criticality in turning avalanches of schooling fish
Creators: name: Puy, Andreu
name: Gimeno, Elisabet
name: March-Pons, David
name: Miguel, M. Carmen
name: Pastor-Satorras, Romualdo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Moving animal groups transmit information through propagating waves or behavioral cascades, exhibiting characteristics akin to systems near a critical point from statistical physics. Using data from freely swimming schooling fish in an experimental tank, we investigate spontaneous behavioral cascades involving turning avalanches, where large directional shifts propagate across the group. We analyze several avalanche metrics and provide a detailed picture of the dynamics associated to turning avalanches, employing tools from avalanche behavior in condensed matter physics and seismology. Our results identify power-law distributions and robust scale-free behaviour through data collapses and scaling relationships, confirming a necessary condition for criticality in fish schools. We explore the biological function of turning avalanches and link them to collective decision-making processes in selecting a new movement direction for the school. We report relevant boundary effects arising from interactions with the tank walls and influential roles of boundary individuals. Finally, spatial and temporal correlations in avalanches are explored using the concept of aftershocks from seismology, revealing clustering of avalanche events below a designated timescale and an Omori law with a faster decay rate than observed in earthquakes.
description: Main paper (14 pages) + Supplemental Material (4 pages)
E-APK: Energy Pattern Detection in Decompiled Android Applications
Creators: name: Gregorio, Nelson
name: Fernandes, João
name: Bispo, João
name: Medeiros, Sérgio
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: code patterns
energy efficiency
static analysis
decompiler
mobile
android
metaprogramming
compilers

description: Artefacts linked to E-APK: Energy Pattern Detection in Decompiled Android Applications

 Contains: Spreadsheet with literature review of energy code patterns Prepared dataset taken from Energy Refactorings for Android in the Large and in the Wild Raw results data
Parallel-in-Time Probabilistic Numerical ODE Solvers
Creators: name: Bosch, Nathanael
name: Corenflos, Adrien
name: Yaghoobi, Fatemeh
name: Tronarp, Filip
name: Hennig, Philipp
name: Särkkä, Simo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Probabilistic numerical solvers for ordinary differential equations (ODEs) treat the numerical simulation of dynamical systems as problems of Bayesian state estimation. Aside from producing posterior distributions over ODE solutions and thereby quantifying the numerical approximation error of the method itself, one less-often noted advantage of this formalism is the algorithmic flexibility gained by formulating numerical simulation in the framework of Bayesian filtering and smoothing. In this paper, we leverage this flexibility and build on the time-parallel formulation of iterated extended Kalman smoothers to formulate a parallel-in-time probabilistic numerical ODE solver. Instead of simulating the dynamical system sequentially in time, as done by current probabilistic solvers, the proposed method processes all time steps in parallel and thereby reduces the span cost from linear to logarithmic in the number of time steps. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach on a variety of ODEs and compare it to a range of both classic and probabilistic numerical ODE solvers.
Bitches, Bastards, and Book Bans: Finding Space for William Faulkner in The Face of False Canonization
Creators: name: Combs, Mary Elisabeth
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2023

description: My thesis focuses on 20th Century American Literature and the critical and popular reception to this literature over the past hundred years. More specifically, it is a study of William Faulkner, three of his most well-known novels: The Sound and The Fury, Absalom, Absalom!, and Light and August, and the critical and popular response to Faulkner and these three novels. To narrow my interest even further, what I was most specifically struck by was the idea of “false canonization” – that is canonizations that are incomplete and do not accurately represent how authors are establishing their identities within their own works. I looked at the three novels I mentioned above individually, and for each novel, I engaged only with the critics that aided me the most in my understanding of who Faulkner was, or rather who he was not. I argue that since literature that is considered to be activist is being banned, we cannot fill that void with works that have been falsely canonized. Instead of rigid, inflexible canonizations I advocate for flexible and wholistic canonizations that can be easily adapted to the current political and social moment without misrepresenting authors like Faulkner as allies.
Future of the Particle Replication in Nonwetting Templates (PRINT) Technology
Creators: name: Xu, Jing
name: DeSimone, Joseph M.
name: Byrne, James D.
name: Wong, Dominica H. C.
name: Chen, Kai
name: Bowerman, Charles
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Particle replication in nonwetting templates (PRINT) is a continuous, roll-to-roll, high-resolution molding technology which allows the design and synthesis of precisely defined micro- and nanoparticles. This technology adapts the lithographic techniques from the microelectronics industry and marries these with the roll-to-roll processes from the photographic film industry to enable researchers to have unprecedented control over particle size, shape, chemical composition, cargo, modulus, and surface properties. In addition, PRINT is a GMP-compliant (GMP = good manufacturing practice) platform amenable for particle fabrication on a large scale. Herein, we describe some of our most recent work involving the PRINT technology for application in the biomedical and material sciences.
Additional file 2: of Ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants in the Hawassa Zuria District, Sidama zone, Southern Ethiopia
Creators: name: Banchiamlak Tefera
name: Young-Dong Kim
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Table S2. List of plant families. (DOCX 18 kb)
E-APK: Energy Pattern Detection in Decompiled Android Applications
Creators: name: Gregorio, Nelson
name: Fernandes, João
name: Bispo, João
name: Medeiros, Sérgio
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: code patterns
energy efficiency
static analysis
decompiler
mobile
android
metaprogramming
compilers

description: E-APK: Energy Pattern Detection In Decompiled Android Applications This repository is a complement to the master's thesis "E-APK: Energy Pattern Detection In Decompiled Android Applications" by Nelson Alexandre Saraiva Gregório and an extension of the published paper [1]. It contains: Setup instructions for all the tools we used Instructions for how to replicate the whole experiment Python notebooks used to analyse the results The raw data collected Energy Pattern literature review Processed dataset Analysis results Inside the zip file are several numbered folders and a README with instructions. [1] N. Gregório, J. Bispo, J. P. Fernandes and S. Q. Medeiros.
 E-APK: Energy Pattern Detection in Decompiled Android Applications.
 26th Brazilian Symposium on Programming Languages, 2022.
Mitigating Pilot Contamination and Enabling IoT Scalability in Massive MIMO Systems
Creators: name: Saeed, Muhammad Kamran
name: Kamal, Ahmed E.
name: Khokhar, Ashfaq
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Massive MIMO is expected to play an important role in the development of 5G networks. This paper addresses the issue of pilot contamination and scalability in massive MIMO systems. The current practice of reusing orthogonal pilot sequences in adjacent cells leads to difficulty in differentiating incoming inter- and intra-cell pilot sequences. One possible solution is to increase the number of orthogonal pilot sequences, which results in dedicating more space of coherence block to pilot transmission than data transmission. This, in turn, also hinders the scalability of massive MIMO systems, particularly in accommodating a large number of IoT devices within a cell. To overcome these challenges, this paper devises an innovative pilot allocation scheme based on the data transfer patterns of IoT devices. The scheme assigns orthogonal pilot sequences to clusters of devices instead of individual devices, allowing multiple devices to utilize the same pilot for periodically transmitting data. Moreover, we formulate the pilot assignment problem as a graph coloring problem and use the max k-cut graph partitioning approach to overcome the pilot contamination in a multicell massive MIMO system. The proposed scheme significantly improves the spectral efficiency and enables the scalability of massive MIMO systems; for instance, by using ten orthogonal pilot sequences, we are able to accommodate 200 devices with only a 12.5% omission rate.
description: Accepted At GLOBECOM 2023
Reiche Anstöße zur Feier der Eucharistie
Creators: name: Diederich, Everett A.
Publisher: name: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio
Year: 2022

description: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Bd. 14 Nr. 3 (1985): Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Band 14, Heft 3
Ergodic and Thermodynamic Games
Creators: name: Souza, Rafael R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37A05, 37A60, 37D35

description: Let $T:X\to X $ and $S:Y \to Y$ be continuous maps defined on compact sets. Let $$φ_i(μ,ν)=\int_{X \times Y} A_i(x,y) dμ(x) dν(y)\;\;{for} \;\; i=1,2,$$ where $μ$ is $T$-invariant and $ν$ is $S$-invariant, be pay-off functions for a game (in the usual sense of game theory) between players that have the set of invariant measures for $T$ (player 1) and $S$ (player 2) as possible strategies. Our goal here is to establish the notion of Nash equilibrium point for the game defined by this pay-offs and strategies. The main tools came from ergodic optimization (as we are optimizing over the set of invariant measures) and thermodynamic formalism (when we add to the integrals above the entropy of measures in order to define a second case to be explored). Both cases are ergodic versions of non-cooperative games. We show the existence of Nash equilibrium points with two independent arguments. One of the arguments works for the case with entropy, and uses only tools of thermodynamical formalism, while the other, that works in the case without entropy but can be adapted to deal with both cases, uses the Kakutani fixed point. We also present examples and briefly discuss uniqueness (or lack of uniqueness). In the end we present a different example where players are allowed to collaborate. This final example show connections between cooperative games and ergodic transport.
Ribosomally Synthesized and Post-Translationally Modified Peptide Natural Products: New Insights into the Role of Leader and Core Peptides during Biosynthesis
Creators: name: Yang, Xiao
name: van der Donk, Wilfred A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides (RiPPs) are a major class of natural products with a high degree of structural diversity and a wide variety of bioactivities. Understanding the biosynthetic machinery of these RiPPs will benefit the discovery and development of new molecules with potential pharmaceutical applications. In this review, we discuss the features of the biosynthetic pathways to different RiPP classes, and propose mechanisms regarding recognition of the precursor peptide by the posttranslational modification enzymes. We propose that the leader peptides function as allosteric regulators that bind the active form of the biosynthetic enzymes in a conformational selection process. We also speculate how enzymes that generate polycyclic products of defined topologies may have been selected for during evolution.
anti -Markovnikov Hydroamination of Alkenes Catalyzed by a Two-Component Organic Photoredox System: Direct Access to Phenethylamine Derivatives
Creators: name: Nguyen, Tien M.
name: Nicewicz, David A.
name: Manohar, Namita
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Disclosed herein is a general catalytic system for the intermolecular anti-Markovnikov hydroamination of alkenes. By using an organocatalytic photoredox system, α- and β-substituted styrenes as well as aliphatic alkenes undergo anti-Markovnikov hydroamination. Heterocyclic amines were also successfully employed as nitrogen nucleophiles, thus providing a direct route to heterocyclic motifs common in medicinal agents.
"Gut miteinander nebeneinander leben"
Creators: name: Frank-Schlamberger, Ulrike
name: Koller, Katrin Susanne
name: Saleh, Andrea
name: Uljas-Lutz, Johanna
name: Vock, Franz
name: Weisz, Willy
name: Prüller-Jagenteufel, Veronika
Publisher: name: Diakonia
Year: 1970

description: Diakonia, Bd. 37 Nr. 4 (2006): Diakonia, Band 37, Heft 4
Estimating Excitonic Effects in the Absorption Spectra of Solids: Problems and Insight from a Guided Iteration Scheme
Creators: name: Rigamonti, Santiago
name: Botti, Silvana
name: Veniard, Valérie
name: Draxl, Claudia
name: Reining, Lucia
name: Sottile, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A major obstacle for computing optical spectra of solids is the lack of reliable approximations for capturing excitonic effects within time-dependent density-functional theory. We show that the trustful prediction of strongly bound electron-hole pairs within this framework using simple approximations is still a challenge and that available promising results have to be revisited. Deriving a set of analytical formula we analyze and explain the difficulties. We deduce an alternative approximation from an iterative scheme guided by previously available knowledge, significantly improving the description of exciton binding energies. Finally, we show how one can "read" exciton binding energies from spectra determined in the random phase approximation, without any further calculation.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures plus supplemental material
Pedagogical Tools and Strategies for Developing Cultural Intelligence in Pharmacy Students and Educators
Creators: name: Aimee Ho
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2023

description: Objective: To review evidence-based pedagogical tools and strategies used to support the development of cultural intelligence in pharmacy education. Findings: An exhaustive list of search terms were included to capture the variety of terms for “cultural intelligence” (e.g., cultural competence). The search was not limited to any publication year range. Search engines included PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, Scopus, ProQuest Dissertations and Theses, ERIC, and PsycInfo. A total of 639 articles were identified after removing duplicates. Eighty-two articles were included for full review after screening. Year of publication ranged from 2004 to 2021. Two articles (2.4%) detailed tools for educator development whereas the rest (n=80, 97.6%) focused on student development. Example tools reported included lectures and workshops. Twenty-seven articles (32.9%) described pedagogical tools for fostering cultural intelligence concurrently with interprofessional development; the remaining articles (n=55, 67.0%) focused only on pharmacy. Thirty-two articles (39.0%) used quantitative analysis methods, and 13 articles (15.9%) used qualitative analysis methods. Sixty-four articles (78.0%) included outcomes of perceptions, six (7.3%) included outcomes on participation, and 33 (40.2%) included outcomes on performance. While not every study addressed all four Cultural Intelligence Framework domains (Awareness, Knowledge, Practice, and Desire), each domain was apparent within the included articles. Summary: Various pedagogical tools have been used to develop cultural intelligence in pharmacy students with some tools used more than others. Findings suggest that integrating various pedagogical methods throughout the curriculum more closely aligns with the dynamic nature of learning and continuous self-refinement required to develop cultural intelligence.
Cell-Mediated Assembly of Phototherapeutics
Creators: name: Lawrence, David S.
name: Lee, Junghyun
name: Smith, Weston J.
name: Marvin, Christina M.
name: Hughes, Robert M.
name: Oien, Nathan P.
name: Rodgers, Zachary L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Light-activatable drugs offer the promise of controlled release with exquisite temporal and spatial resolution. However, light sensitive pro-drugs are typically converted to their active forms using short wavelengths, which display poor tissue penetrance. We report herein erythrocyte-mediated assembly of long wavelength-sensitive phototherapeutics. The activating wavelength of the constructs is readily pre-assigned by using fluorophores with the desired λex. Drug release from the erythrocyte carrier was confirmed by standard analytical tools and by the expected biological consequences of the liberated drugs in cell culture: methotrexate, binding to intracellular dihydrofolate reductase; colchicine, inhibition of microtubule polymerization; dexamethasone, induced nuclear migration of the glucocorticoid receptor.
Calculation of molecular free energies in classical potentials
Creators: name: Farhi, Asaf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Free energies of molecules can be calculated by quantum computations or by normal mode classical calculations. However, the first can be computationally impractical for large molecules and the second is based on the assumption of harmonic dynamics. We present a novel, accurate and complete calculation of molecular free energies in standard classical potentials. In this method we transform the molecule by relaxing potential terms which depend on the coordinates of a group of atoms in that molecule and calculate the free energy difference associated with the transformation. Then, since the transformed molecule can be treated as non interacting systems, the free energy associated with these atoms is analytically or numerically calculated. This two-step calculation can be applied to calculate free energies of molecules or free energy difference between (possibly large) molecules in a general environment. We suggest the potential application of free energy calculation of chemical reactions in classical molecular simulations.
Measuring the psychosocial wellbeing of Rohingya mothers in Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh: Psychometric properties of an MHPSS assessment battery
Creators: name: Nguyen, Amanda
name: Le Roch, Karine
name: Murray, Sarah
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences

description: Cross-sectional assessment of displaced Rohingya mothers’ psychosocial well-being in Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh
Causal structure learning with momentum: Sampling distributions over Markov Equivalence Classes of DAGs
Creators: name: Schauer, Moritz
name: Wienöbst, Marcel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 68T37 (primary) 60J99 (secondary)

description: In the context of inferring a Bayesian network structure (directed acyclic graph, DAG for short), we devise a non-reversible continuous time Markov chain, the ``Causal Zig-Zag sampler'', that targets a probability distribution over classes of observationally equivalent (Markov equivalent) DAGs. The classes are represented as completed partially directed acyclic graphs (CPDAGs). The non-reversible Markov chain relies on the operators used in Chickering's Greedy Equivalence Search (GES) and is endowed with a momentum variable, which improves mixing significantly as we show empirically. The possible target distributions include posterior distributions based on a prior over DAGs and a Markov equivalent likelihood. We offer an efficient implementation wherein we develop new algorithms for listing, counting, uniformly sampling, and applying possible moves of the GES operators, all of which significantly improve upon the state-of-the-art run-time.
Liouville theory beyond the cosmological horizon
Creators: name: Compère, Geoffrey
name: Donnay, Laura
name: Lambert, Pierre-Henry
name: Schulgin, Waldemar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dS/CFT correspondence postulates the existence of a Euclidean CFT dual to a suitable gravity theory with Dirichlet boundary conditions asymptotic to de Sitter spacetime. A semi-classical model of such a correspondence consists of Einstein gravity with positive cosmological constant and without matter which is dual to Euclidean Liouville theory defined at the future conformal boundary. Here we show that Euclidean Liouville theory is also dual to Einstein gravity with Dirichlet boundary conditions on a fixed timelike slice in the static patch. Intriguingly, the spacetime interpretation of Euclidean Liouville time is the physical time of the static observer. As a prerequisite of this correspondence, we show that the asymptotic symmetry algebra which consists of two copies of the Virasoro algebra extends everywhere into the bulk.
description: 19 pages
Copolymerization of Metal Nanoparticles: A Route to Colloidal Plasmonic Copolymers
Creators: name: Liu, Kun
name: Lukach, Ariella
name: Therien-Aubin, Heloise
name: Sugikawa, Kouta
name: Vickery, Jemma
name: Chung, Siyon
name: Rubinstein, Michael
name: Yang, Bai
name: Kumacheva, Eugenia
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: The resemblance between colloidal and molecular polymerization reactions has been recognized as a powerful tool for the fundamental studies of polymerization reactions, as well as a platform for the development of new nanoscale systems with desired properties. Future applications of colloidal polymers will require nanoparticle (NP) ensembles with a high degree of complexity that can be realized by hetero-assembly of NPs with different dimensions, shapes and compositions. In the present work, we have developed a method to apply strategies from molecular copolymerization to the co-assembly of gold nanorods with different dimensions into random and block copolymer structures (plasmonic copolymers). The approach was extended to the co-assembly of random copolymers of gold and palladium nanorods. A kinetic model validated and further expanded the kinetic theories developed for molecular copolymerization reactions.
Dynamic Kinetic Asymmetric Transformations of β-Stereogenic-α-Keto Esters via Direct Aldolization
Creators: name: Johnson, Jeffrey S.
name: Corbett, Michael T.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Dynamic kinetic asymmetric transformations (DyKAT) of racemic β-bromo-α-keto esters via direct aldolization of nitromethane and acetone provide access to fully substituted α-glycolic acid derivatives bearing a β-stereocenter. The aldol adducts are obtained in excellent yield with high relative and absolute stereocontrol under mild reaction conditions. Mechanistic studies determined that the reactions proceed through a facile catalyst-mediated racemization of the β-bromo-α-keto esters under a DyKAT Type I manifold.
title: Computer simulation of ionic solids of technological interest
Creators: name: Melle-Franco, Manuel
Publisher: name: University of Kent
Year: 2022

description: In the present study we have applied Quantum Mechanical (QM) and Molecular Mechanics (MM) computational methods to solid state materials of interest, specifically: metal hydrides, olivines, ceria and tin oxide crystals. A new empirical potential set has been derived for the following metal hydrides; NaH, LiH, MgH2, CaH2 and BaH2. Studies of atomic diffusion have been performed in LiH and CaH2 and agree well with the available experimental data. MM simulations of cation diffusion in olivines have been performed. Diffusion has been found to come mainly from Mi-Mi nearest neighbour jumps with a smaller contribution by site exchange, MrM2 and M2-M1; jumps. The spatial exploration of non-linear diffusion paths has been shown crucial in order to yield correct estimations of the activation energy of diffusion. MM calculations of solution and clustering of Cu2+ in ceria show that, on the contrary to previous work, it is quite likely that the dopant enters in interstitials sites and, consequently all clusters observed experimentally may be formed by Cu2+ interstitials. QM cluster and periodic slab simulations have been performed on the CO and C02 adsorption on the (110) perfect surface of Sn02 with HF and DFT methods. These calculations show that, for CO, the molecule adsorbs on pentacoordinated cations on, ideal, truncated bulk, and relaxed surfaces. The interaction with the surface is mostly electrostatic and well described by uncorrelated methods. In the C02 case, the molecule adsorbs perpendicularly to the surface on the same site, but the main bonding contribution is the polarization of the C02 and DFT methods are necessary to properly describe the binding. Carbonates have been shown to be formed only as metastable species on the perfect (100) Sn02 surface.
The Dynamical Composite Higgs
Creators: name: von Gersdorff, Gero
name: Ponton, Eduardo
name: Rosenfeld, Rogerio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a simple microscopic realization of a pseudo-Nambu-Goldstone (pNGB) boson Higgs scenario arising from the breaking of $SO(5) \rightarrow SO(4)$. The Higgs constituents are explicitly identified as well as the interactions responsible for forming the bound state and breaking the electroweak symmetry. This outcome follows from the presence of four-fermion interactions with a super-critical coupling, and uses the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio mechanism to break the global $SO(5)$ symmetry. The Higgs potential is found to be insensitive to high energy scales due to the existence of an approximate infrared fixed point. The appearance of vector resonances is described and the correspondence with other proposals in the literature established. The model described here is significantly simpler than other recent ultraviolet completions of pNGB scenarios. The observed Higgs mass can be accommodated, and agreement with electroweak precision tests achieved in certain regions of parameter space. There are also new vector-like fermions, some of which may lie within reach of the LHC. In addition, we predict a heavy standard model singlet scalar in the multi-TeV range. The amount of fine-tuning required in the model is studied. Finally, we show that such a scheme can be completed in the ultraviolet by a renormalizable theory.
description: 32 pages plus appendices, 7 figures - reference added
MOESM1 of Isolation and identification of a TetR family protein that regulates the biodesulfurization operon
Creators: name: Murarka, Pooja
name: Tanaya Bagga
name: Singh, Pooja
name: Sabita Rangra
name: Srivastava, Preeti
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 20199 Astronomical and Space Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. 12% SDS-PAGE gel showing overexpression of TetR family protein. A) Expression in different expression strains. Lane1: marker, lane2: uninduced sample (BL21(DE3)), lane3: induced sample (BL21(DE3)), lane4: uninduced sample (Codon Plus), lane5: induced sample (Codon Plus), lane6: uninduced sample (BL21(DE3) pLysS), lane7: induced sample (BL21(DE3) pLysS). B) Expression of protein in BL21 DE3 pLysS at different time intervals. Lane1: marker, lane2: uninduced sample, lane3: 3 h induction sample (pellet), lane4: 3 h induction sample (supernatant), lane5: 5 h induction sample (pellet), lane6: 5 h induction sample (supernatant), lane7: 7 h induction sample (pellet), lane8: 7 h induction sample (supernatant), lane9: overnight induction sample (pellet), lane10: overnight induction sample (supernatant). Figure S2. Peptide fragments identified by MALDI and its similarity with the TetR family transcription regulator in Gordonia. Figure S3. Biodesulfurization activity in E. coli when TetR family protein is supplied in trans via plasmid demonstrated by Gibbs assay. Graph showing production of 2 HBP in cells containing pTB2 (dsz operon) and pTB2 + TetR induced with IPTG. The experiment was performed in triplicates. Figure S4. A 12% SDS-PAGE gel showing the expression of the TetR family protein when induced with different inducer concentrations. Lane1: marker, lane2: E. coli cells with uninduced TetR family protein, lane3-6: E. coli cells with induced TetR family protein (0.2 mM, 0.5 mM, 1 mM and 2 mM IPTG concentration).
Gold-Catalyzed Diastereoselective Cycloisomerization of Alkylidene-Cyclopropane-Bearing 1,6-Diynes
Creators: name: Adduci, Laura L.
name: Felix, Ryan J.
name: Gagné, Michel R.
name: Zheng, Hongchao
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: An unprecedented gold-catalyzed diastereoselective cycloisomerization of 1,6-diynes bearing an alkylidene cyclopropane moiety has been developed. This methodology enables rapid access to a variety of 1,2-trimethylenenorbornanes, important building blocks in the preparations of abiotic and sesquiterpene core structures.
Leibniz: Reshaping a Modern Debate
Creators: name: Ewington, Angus
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2023

description: This work explores Leibniz's perplexing statement that "there are in fact no precise shapes in the nature of things." An exchange between Samuel Levey and Timothy Crockett examines these complications. Levey’s position (a species of Shape Realism) holds that shapes are real if they are infinitely complex and finitely defined. Crockett responds in an essay entitled “The Fluid Plenum,” an argument for Anti-Realism: the view that Leibniz does not sanction real shapes of any sort. I argue that the Crockett-Levey exchange exemplifies the Anti-Traditionalist versus Traditionalist debate as a choice between bottom-up and top-down perspectives on metaphysics. Levey’s view of Leibniz’s ontology begins in corporeal substance and breaks it down. Crockett’s view takes the opposite tact. On his view, the plenum is fluid because it is made of infinite parts and so, actually infinitely divided. Leibniz’s writings require the bottom-up (constructive) framing, and therefore, the Traditional View. I focus not only on this novel methodological framing, but also emphasize Leibniz’s insistence on God to support a constructive approach. I also explain why this view of Leibniz’s ontology offers a succinct argument against Shape Realism that dodges the thorny questions of composing the plenum that Crockett encounters. Finally, I explain how the Traditional View accounts for shapes despite their disconnect with reality.
Scalable reconstruction of unitary processes and Hamiltonians
Creators: name: Holzäpfel, M.
name: Baumgratz, T.
name: Cramer, M.
name: Plenio, M. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on recently introduced efficient quantum state tomography schemes, we propose a scalable method for the tomography of unitary processes and the reconstruction of one-dimensional local Hamiltonians. As opposed to the exponential scaling with the number of subsystems of standard quantum process tomography, the method relies only on measurements of linearly many local observables and either (a) the ability to prepare eigenstates of locally informationally complete operators or (b) access to an ancilla of the same size as the to-be-characterized system and the ability to prepare a maximally entangled state on the combined system. As such, the method requires at most linearly many states to be prepared and linearly many observables to be measured. The quality of the reconstruction can be quantified with the same experimental resources that are required to obtain the reconstruction in the first place. Our numerical simulations of several quantum circuits and local Hamiltonians suggest a polynomial scaling of the total number of measurements and post-processing resources.
description: 9+2 pages, 5 figures; v2: close to published version
Optogenetic Engineering: Light-Directed Cell Motility
Creators: name: Lawrence, David S.
name: Hughes, Robert M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Genetically encoded, light activatable proteins furnish the means to probe biochemical pathways at specific sub-cellular locations with exquisite temporal control. However, engineering these systems to provide a dramatic jump in localized activity while retaining a low dark-state background remains a significant challenge. We describe herein an actin-remodelling protein cofilin that, when placed within the framework of a genetically encodable, light activatable heterodimerizer system, induces dramatic changes in the F-actin network and consequent cell motility upon illumination. We demonstrate that the use of a partially impaired mutant of cofilin is critical for maintaining low background activity in the dark. We also show that light-directed recruitment of the reduced activity cofilin mutants to the cytoskeleton is sufficient to induce F-actin remodeling, formation of filopodia, and directed cell motility.
Privacy-oriented manipulation of speaker representations
Creators: name: Teixeira, Francisco
name: Abad, Alberto
name: Raj, Bhiksha
name: Trancoso, Isabel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Speaker embeddings are ubiquitous, with applications ranging from speaker recognition and diarization to speech synthesis and voice anonymisation. The amount of information held by these embeddings lends them versatility, but also raises privacy concerns. Speaker embeddings have been shown to contain information on age, sex, health and more, which speakers may want to keep private, especially when this information is not required for the target task. In this work, we propose a method for removing and manipulating private attributes from speaker embeddings that leverages a Vector-Quantized Variational Autoencoder architecture, combined with an adversarial classifier and a novel mutual information loss. We validate our model on two attributes, sex and age, and perform experiments with ignorant and fully-informed attackers, and with in-domain and out-of-domain data.
description: Article published in IEEE Access
Dynamics of magnetic shells and information loss problem
Creators: name: Lee, Bum-Hoon
name: Lee, Wonwoo
name: Yeom, Dong-han
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate dynamics of magnetic thin-shells in three dimensional anti de Sitter background. Because of the magnetic field, an oscillatory solution is possible. This oscillating shell can tunnel to a collapsing shell or a bouncing shell, where both of tunnelings induce an event horizon and a singularity. In the entire path integral, via the oscillating solution, there is a non-zero probability to maintain a trivial causal structure without a singularity. Therefore, due to the path integral, the entire wave function can conserve information. Since an oscillating shell can tunnel after a number of oscillations, in the end, it will allow an infinite number of different branchings to classical histories. This system can be a good model of the effective loss of information, where information is conserved by a solution that is originated from gauge fields.
description: 16 pages, 9 figures
Nonlinear Geometric Optics for Pulses with Nonlinear Phases
Creators: name: Snider, David
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2023
Subjects: Differential equations, Hyperbolic
Differential equations, Partial

description: The nonlinear geometric optics approach is used to elucidate the form of pulse solutions to two semilinear hyperbolic PDE problems in which the characteristic phases are nonlinear. The first problem considers a pulse traveling freely through space, and the second considers the collision of two pulses. A key question we sought to address was whether the collision of two pulses produces only two or more than two pulses after collision, given that the phases are nonlinear. We show that one can construct an approximate solution to the collision problem in which there are precisely two pulses in the leading term of the approximate solution after collision. We also construct an approximate solution to the free space problem and prove the approximate solution is close to the exact solution at the rate O(epsilon) as epsilon approaches zero in an appropriate norm. The proof for this statement relies on construction of an exact solution with a uniform time of existence with respect to epsilon using an argument of Guy Metivier in a new context. The proof also relies on the analysis of the error term using some of Metivier's estimates. We anticipate that it can also be proved that the approximate solution to the collision problem is close to the collision problem's exact solution in an analogous way. The results we obtained suggest that the nonlinear geometric optics approach may successfully be applied to study problems involving interaction of pulses with nonlinear phases.