cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Core regulatory network motif underlies the ocellar complex patterning in Drosophila melanogaster
Creators: name: Aguilar-Hidalgo, Daniel
name: Lemos, M. Carmen
name: Córdoba, Antonio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Tissues and Organs (q-bio.TO)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 92C15, 35K57, 90C09

description: During organogenesis, developmental programs governed by Gene Regulatory Networks (GRN) define the functionality, size and shape of the different constituents of living organisms. Robustness, thus, is an essential characteristic that GRNs need to fulfill in order to maintain viability and reproducibility in a species. In the present work we analyze the robustness of the patterning for the ocellar complex formation in Drosophila melanogaster fly. We have systematically pruned the GRN that drives the development of this visual system to obtain the minimum pathway able to satisfy this pattern. We found that the mechanism underlying the patterning obeys to the dynamics of a 3-nodes network motif with a double negative feedback loop fed by a morphogenetic gradient that triggers the inhibition in a French flag problem fashion. A Boolean modeling of the GRN confirms robustness in the patterning mechanism showing the same result for different network complexity levels. Interestingly, the network provides a steady state solution in the interocellar part of the patterning and an oscillatory regime in the ocelli. This theoretical result predicts that the ocellar pattern may underlie oscillatory dynamics in its genetic regulation.
description: 28 pages, 8 figures
Critical behavior in spherical and hyperbolic spaces
Creators: name: Benedetti, Dario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effects of curved background geometries on the critical behavior of scalar field theory. In particular we concentrate on two maximally symmetric spaces: $d$-dimensional spheres and hyperboloids. In the first part of the paper, by applying the Ginzburg criterion, we find that for large correlation length the Gaussian approximation is valid on the hyperboloid for any dimension $d\geq 2$, while it is not trustable on the sphere for any dimension. This is understood in terms of various notions of effective dimension, such as the spectral and Hausdorff dimension. In the second part of the paper, we apply functional renormalization group methods to develop a different perspective on such phenomena, and to deduce them from a renormalization group analysis. By making use of the local potential approximation, we discuss the consequences of having a fixed scale in the renormalization group equations. In particular, we show that in the case of spheres there is no true phase transition, as symmetry restoration always occurs at large scales. In the case of hyperboloids, the phase transition is still present, but as the only true fixed point is the Gaussian one, mean field exponents are valid also in dimensions lower than four.
description: 24 pages, 5 figures; several improvements in the presentation and small corrections, 2 figures added
Linear Vlasov Theory in the Shearing Sheet Approximation with Application to the Magneto-Rotational Instability
Creators: name: Heinemann, Tobias
name: Quataert, Eliot
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive the conductivity tensor for axisymmetric perturbations of a hot, collisionless, and charge-neutral plasma in the shearing sheet approximation. Our results generalize the well-known linear Vlasov theory for uniform plasmas to differentially rotating plasmas and can be used for wide range of kinetic stability calculations. We apply these results to the linear theory of the magneto-rotational instability (MRI) in collisionless plasmas. We show analytically and numerically how the general kinetic theory results derived here reduce in appropriate limits to previous results in the literature, including the low frequency guiding center (or "kinetic MHD") approximation, Hall MHD, and the gyro-viscous approximation. We revisit the cold plasma model of the MRI and show that, contrary to previous results, an initially unmagnetized collisionless plasma is linearly stable to axisymmetric perturbations in the cold plasma approximation. In addition to their application to astrophysical plasmas, our results provide a useful framework for assessing the linear stability of differentially rotating plasmas in laboratory experiments.
description: This new version includes the changes mentioned in the erratum to the published version. 27 pages, 5 figures. Published in ApJ. The source code needed for reproducing the entire paper including the numerical data is available at http://github.com/tobson/vlasov-sheet
Massless and massive representations in the spinor technique
Creators: name: Troha, T.
name: Lukman, D.
name: Borstnik, N. S. Mankoc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The technique for representing spinors and the definition of the discrete symmetries is used to illustrate on a toy model properties of massless and massive spinors states, in the first and the second quantized picture. Since in this toy model the number of the starting massless representations is well defined as well as the origin of masses and charges in $d=(3+1)$ space, this contribution might help to clarify the problem about Dirac, Weyl and Majorana kinds of representations in physically more interesting cases.
description: 21 pages, revised version
Transporte electrónico en micro-estructuras cuasiperiódicas /
Creators: name: Alvarez Parrilla, Alvaro
Publisher: name: Universidad Autónoma de Baja California.
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: QC176.8.E4 A58 1989

description: Se estudian algunas propiedades del transporte electrónico en microestructuras en un sistema unidimensional de barreras de potencial distribuidas cuasiperiódicamente, tanto en ausencia como en presencia de campo eléctrico.
Cosmology: from theory to data, from data to theory
Creators: name: Leclercq, Florent
name: Pisani, Alice
name: Wandelt, Benjamin D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cosmology has come a long way from being based on a small number of observations to being a data-driven precision science. We discuss the questions "What is observable?", "What in the Universe is knowable?" and "What are the fundamental limits to cosmological knowledge?". We then describe the methodology for investigation: theoretical hypotheses are used to model, predict and anticipate results; data is used to infer theory. We illustrate with concrete examples of principled analysis approaches from the study of cosmic microwave background anisotropies and surveys of large-scale structure, culminating in a summary of the highest precision probe to date of the physical origin of cosmic structures: the Planck 2013 constraints on primordial non-Gaussianity.
description: 49 pages, 22 figures. Lectures given at the International School of Physics Enrico Fermi "New Horizons for Observational Cosmology", June 30-July 6, 2013, Varenna, Italy and at the Paris Ecole Doctorale for Astronomy and Astrophysics. Proceedings of the Enrico Fermi School (eds A. Cooray, A. Melchiorri, E. Komatsu, Italian Physical Society). Updated figures and references wrt published version
Charge Order in the Pseudogap Phase of Cuprate Superconductors
Creators: name: Atkinson, W. A.
name: Kampf, A. P.
name: Bulut, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a multiorbital model of the cuprate high-temperature superconductors soft antiferromagnetic (AF) modes are assumed to reconstruct the Fermi surface to form nodal pockets. The subsequent charge ordering transition leads to a phase with a spatially modulated transfer of charge between neighboring oxygen p_x and p_y orbitals and also weak modulations of the charge density on the copper d_{x^2-y^2} orbitals. As a prime result of the AF Fermi surface reconstruction, the wavevectors of the charge modulations are oriented along the crystalline axes with a periodicity that agrees quantitatively with experiments. This resolves a discrepancy between experiments, which find axial order, and previous theoretical calculations, which find modulation wavevectors along the Brillouin zone (BZ) diagonal. The axial order is stabilized by hopping processes via the Cu4s orbital, which is commonly not included in model analyses of cuprate superconductors.
description: Contains an expanded discussion and corrected calculation error
Role of the glassy dynamics and thermal mixing in the dynamic nuclear polarization and relaxation mechanisms of pyruvic acid
Creators: name: Filibian, Marta
name: Serra, Sonia Colombo
name: Moscardini, Marco
name: Rosso, Alberto
name: Tedoldi, Fabio
name: Carretta, Pietro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The temperature dependence of $^1$H and $^{13}$C nuclear spin-lattice relaxation rate $1/T_1$ has been studied in the 1.6 K - 4.2 K temperature range in pure pyruvic acid and in pyruvic acid containing trityl radicals at a concentration of 15 mM. The temperature dependence of $1/T_1$ is found to follow a quadratic power law for both nuclei in the two samples. Remarkably the same temperature dependence is displayed also by the electron spin-lattice relaxation rate $1/T_{1e}$ in the sample containing radicals. These results are explained by considering the effect of the structural dynamics on the relaxation rates in pyruvic acid. Dynamic nuclear polarization experiments show that below 4 K the $^{13}$C build up rate scales with $1/T_{\text{1e}}$, in analogy to $^{13}$C $1/T_1$ and consistently with a thermal mixing scenario where all the electrons are collectively involved in the dynamic nuclear polarization process and the nuclear spin reservoir is in good thermal contact with the electron spin system.
description: 14 pages, 13 figures
A superspace description of Chern-Simons theory in Batalin-Vilkovisky formulation
Creators: name: Upadhyay, Sudhaker
name: Dwivedi, Manoj Kumar
name: Mandal, Bhabani Prasad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the extended BRST and anti-BRST symmetry (including shift symmetry) in the Batalin-Vilkovisky (BV) formulation for the Chern-Simons (CS) theories in $(2+1)$ spacetime dimensions. Further we develop the superspace description of BV formulation for such theories. Interestingly, the extended BRST invariant CS theories can be described in superspace in covariant manner with the help of one more (Grassmann) coordinate. However, a superspace with two Grassmann coordinates are required for a manifestly covariant formulation of the extended BRST and extended anti-BRST invariant actions for these theories.
description: 9 Pages, Revtex, No Figs, Journal version, Published in International Journal of Theoretical Physics
Quantum group spin nets: refinement limit and relation to spin foams
Creators: name: Dittrich, Bianca
name: Martin-Benito, Mercedes
name: Steinhaus, Sebastian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: So far spin foam models are hardly understood beyond a few of their basic building blocks. To make progress on this question, we define analogue spin foam models, so called spin nets, for quantum groups $\text{SU}(2)_k$ and examine their effective continuum dynamics via tensor network renormalization. In the refinement limit of this coarse graining procedure, we find a vast non-trivial fixed point structure beyond the degenerate and the $BF$ phase. In comparison to previous work, we use fixed point intertwiners, inspired by Reisenberger's construction principle [1] and the recent work [2], as the initial parametrization. In this new parametrization fine tuning is not required in order to flow to these new fixed points. Encouragingly, each fixed point has an associated extended phase, which allows for the study of phase transitions in the future. Finally we also present an interpretation of spin nets in terms of melonic spin foams. The coarse graining flow of spin nets can thus be interpreted as describing the effective coupling between two spin foam vertices or space time atoms.
description: 30+5 pages, many figures, v2: references added
Noise-induced phase slips, log-periodic oscillations, and the Gumbel distribution
Creators: name: Berglund, Nils
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60H10, 34F05 (Primary), 60G70, 34D06 (Secondary)

description: When two synchronised phase oscillators are perturbed by weak noise, they display occasional losses of synchrony, called phase slips. The slips can be characterised by their location in phase space and their duration. We show that when properly normalised, their location converges, in the vanishing noise limit, to the sum of an asymptotically geometric random variable and a Gumbel random variable. The duration also converges to a Gumbel variable with different parameters. We relate these results to recent works on the phenomenon of log-periodic oscillations and on links between transition path theory and extreme-value theory.
description: 32 pages, 6 figures
Impact of Biofield Energy Treated Herbomineral Formulation on Mouse Dendritic and Splenocyte Cells for Modulation of Pro-inflammatory Cytokines
Creators: name: Meagher, Eileen Mary
Publisher: name: SMN - The ScienceMedia Network
Year: 2019
Subjects: Natural Sciences

description: The use of herbomineral formulation in the healthcare sector for different chronic diseases is gaining popularity due to its fewer side effects, high safety profile, and cost effectiveness. A new proprietary herbomineral formulation was formulated, consisting of four essential ingredients viz. herbal root extract (ashwagandha), and minerals (zinc, magnesium, and selenium). The study aims to evaluate the in vitro effect of Biofield Energy Healing (The Trivedi Effect®) on the test formulation using murine dendritic (DCs) and splenocyte cells. The herbomineral formulation was divided into two parts; one was represented as control, while the other part was treated with the Biofield Energy Healing Treatment remotely by eighteen renowned Biofield Energy Healers (The Trivedi Effect®) and defined as the Biofield Treated formulation. The effect of the test formulation on these cells were monitored by an estimation of pro-inflammatory cytokines level such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP-1α), and interleukin (IL-1β) in cell culture supernatants at the non-cytotoxic concentrations of the test formulation using MTT assay. The DCs were treated with the Biofield Energy Treated test formulation at different concentrations (i.e. 1.05 to 1052.5 µg/mL) for 24 hours, and the results showed significant (p≤0.001) suppression of TNF-α levels at all the tested concentrations with a maximum percentage decrease by 43.64% at 5.2 µg/mL concentration in the Biofield Treated formulation as compared with the untreated test formulation. Further, the Biofield Treated formulation also demonstrated inhibition of MIP-1α and IL-1β at a concentration range of 0.0000105 to 10.5 µg/mL in LPS stimulated splenocyte cells. There was a significant (p≤0.001) inhibition of MIP-1α (26.52%) and IL-1β (35.28%) in the Biofield Treated test formulation at concentration 0.000105 µg/mL and 0.0000105 µg/mL, respectively in comparison to the untreated test formulation. Overall, these results suggest that the Biofield Energy Healing based herbomineral formulation (The Trivedi Effect®) significantly down-regulated the tested cytokines expression in DCs and splenocyte cells as compared to the untreated formulation. Therefore, the Biofield Healing based formulation might be useful as a better anti-inflammatory product for many chronic and acute inflammatory disease conditions and autoimmune disorders. The Biofield Energy Treatment based formulation can also be effectively applied in cases of organ transplants, stress management and anti-aging by improving overall health.
Dynamics of a Classical Particle in a Quasi Periodic Potential
Creators: name: Katan, Yaniv Tenenbaum
name: Kachman, Tal
name: Fishman, Shmuel
name: Soffer, Avy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the dynamics of a one-dimensional classical particle in a space and time dependent potential with randomly chosen parameters. The focus of this work is a quasi-periodic potential, which only includes a finite number of Fourier components. The momentum is calculated analytically for short time within a self-consistent approximation, under certain conditions. We find that the dynamics can be described by a model of a random walk between the Chirikov resonances, which are resonances between the particle momentum and the Fourier components of the potential. We use numerical methods to test these results and to evaluate the important properties, such as the characteristic hopping time between the resonances. This work sheds light on the short time dynamics induced by potentials which are relevant for optics and atom optics.
Can the 21 cm signal probe Population III and II star formation?
Creators: name: Yajima, Hidenobu
name: Khochfar, Sadegh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using varying models for the star formation rate (SFR) of Population (Pop) III and II stars at z>6 we derive the expected redshift history of the global 21 cm signal from the inter-galactic medium (IGM). To recover the observed Thomson scattering optical depth of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) requires SFRs at the level of ~ 10^-3 Msun/yr/Mpc^3 at z ~ 15 from Pop III stars, or ~ 10^-1Msun/yr/Mpc^3 at z ~ 7 from Pop II stars. In the case the SFR is dominated by Pop III stars, the IGM quickly heats above the CMB at z > 12 due to heating from supernovae. In addition, Lyman-alpha photons from haloes hosting Pop III stars couple the spin temperature to that of the gas, resulting in a deep absorption signal. If the SFR is dominated by Pop II stars, the IGM slowly heats and exceeds the CMB temperature at z ~ 10. However, the larger and varying fraction of Pop III stars is able to break this degeneracy. We find that the impact of the initial mass function (IMF) of Pop III stars on the 21 cm signal results in an earlier change to a positive signal if the IMF slope is ~ -1.2. Measuring the 21 cm signal at z > 10 with next generation radio telescopes such as the Square Kilometre Array will be able to investigate the contribution from Pop III and Pop II stars to the global star formation rate.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Development of Amine-Boranes And Derivatives For Reductive Amination.pdf
Creators: name: Choudhary, Shivani
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2023
Subjects: Organic chemistry not elsewhere classified

description: This dissertation focuses on the development of amine-boranes and their novel monotrifluoroacetoxy-derivatives as efficient and environmentally friendly reagents for reductive amination. Trimethyl borate, as a lewis acid, is shown to improve the chemoselectivity of amine-boranes while promoting faster imine formation. Refinement of amine-boranes via reaction with trifluoroacetic acid provides mono trifluoroacetoxyborane-amine (TFAB-amine) complexes. This new class of reagents serves as mild, chemoselective agents for the direct reductive amination of aldehydes and ketones. Among these, TFAB-NEt3 is established as superior, compared to widely-used reductive amination reagents, with improved yields even for challenging substrates. The application of the monotrifluoroacetoxy-derivatives has been extended for the synthesis of lactams from keto-acids and amino-acids via a tandem reductive amination amidation protocol.
Uncertainty Relation for Mutual Information
Creators: name: Schneeloch, James
name: Broadbent, Curtis J.
name: Howell, John C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We postulate the existence of a universal uncertainty relation between the quantum and classical mutual informations between pairs of quantum systems. Specifically, we propose that the sum of the classical mutual information, determined by two mutually unbiased pairs of observables, never exceeds the quantum mutual information. We call this the complementary-quantum correlation (CQC) relation and prove its validity for pure states, for states with one maximally mixed subsystem, and for all states when one measurement is minimally disturbing. We provide results of a Monte Carlo simulation suggesting the CQC relation is generally valid. Importantly, we also show that the CQC relation represents an improvement to an entropic uncertainty principle in the presence of a quantum memory, and that it can be used to verify an achievable secret key rate in the quantum one-time pad cryptographic protocol.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures
On Transfer Operators and Maps with Random Holes
Creators: name: Bahsoun, Wael
name: Schmeling, Joerg
name: Vaienti, Sandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study Markov interval maps with random holes. The holes are not necessarily elements of the Markov partition. Under a suitable, and physically relevant, assumption on the noise, we show that the transfer operator associated with the random open system can be reduced to a transfer operator associated with the closed deterministic system. Exploiting this fact, we show that the random open system admits a unique (meaningful) absolutely continuous conditionally stationary measure. Moreover, we prove the existence of a unique probability equilibrium measure supported on the survival set, and we study its Hausdorff dimension.
Additional file 1 of Neighborhood environment and muscle mass and function among rural older adults: a 3-year longitudinal study
Creators: name: Okuyama, Kenta
name: Abe, Takafumi
name: Yano, Shozo
name: Sundquist, Kristina
name: Nabika, Toru
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Correlation between neighborhood environment factors among males. Table S2. Correlation between neighborhood environment factors among females.
Loanwords in basic vocabulary as an indicator of borrowing profiles supplementary materials
Creators: name: De Heer, Mervi
name: Blokland, Rogier
name: Dunn, Michael
name: Vesakoski, Outi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: This file consists of the supplementary materials for the peer-reviewed article Loanwords in basic vocabulary as an indicator of borrowing profiles published in The Journal of Language Contact.
NLO QCD corrections to W+ W- b anti-b production with leptonic decays in the light of top quark mass and asymmetry measurements
Creators: name: Heinrich, Gudrun
name: Maier, Andreas
name: Nisius, Richard
name: Schlenk, Johannes
name: Winter, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the NLO QCD corrections to the processes p p and p anti-p to W+ W- b anti-b including leptonic decays of the W bosons. Non-resonant contributions as well as diagrams with doubly resonant and singly resonant top quark propagators are fully taken into account. We employ the narrow width approximation to perform the decays of the W bosons; spin correlations are however preserved. We also calculate observables relevant for top quark mass measurements, and study the impact of kinematical requirements and different scale choices on t anti-t asymmetries.
description: 29 pages, 14 figures, version submitted to and accepted by JHEP
Motif-based success scores in coauthorship networks are highly sensitive to author name disambiguation
Creators: name: Klosik, David F.
name: Bornholdt, Stefan
name: Hütt, Marc-Thorsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Following the work of Krumov et al. [Eur. Phys. J. B 84, 535 (2011)] we revisit the question whether the usage of large citation datasets allows for the quantitative assessment of social (by means of coauthorship of publications) influence on the progression of science. Applying a more comprehensive and well-curated dataset containing the publications in the journals of the American Physical Society during the whole 20th century we find that the measure chosen in the original study, a score based on small induced subgraphs, has to be used with caution, since the obtained results are highly sensitive to the exact implementation of the author disambiguation task.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures
Coherent quantum dynamics in steady-state manifolds of strongly dissipative systems
Creators: name: Zanardi, Paolo
name: Venuti, Lorenzo Campos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has been recently realized that dissipative processes can be harnessed and exploited to the end of coherent quantum control and information processing. In this spirit we consider strongly dissipative quantum systems admitting a non-trivial manifold of steady states. We show how one can enact adiabatic coherent unitary manipulations e.g., quantum logical gates, inside this {steady-state} manifold by adding a weak, time-rescaled, Hamiltonian term into the system's Liouvillian. The effective long-time dynamics is governed by a projected Hamiltonian which results from the interplay between the weak unitary control and the fast relaxation process. The leakage outside the {steady-state} manifold entailed by the Hamiltonian term is suppressed by an environment-induced symmetrization of the dynamics. We present applications to quantum-computation in decoherence-free subspaces and noiseless subsystems and numerical analysis of non-adiabatic errors.
description: 4+2 pages, 1+1 figures, updated to published version
Cascade of phase transitions in the vicinity of a quantum critical point
Creators: name: Meier, H.
name: Pépin, C.
name: Einenkel, M.
name: Efetov, K. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the timely issue of charge order checkerboard patterns observed in a variety of cuprate superconductors. We suggest a minimal model in which strong quantum fluctuations in the vicinity of a single antiferromagnetic quantum critical point generate the complexity seen in the phase diagram of cuprates superconductors and, in particular, the evidenced charge order. The Fermi surface is found to fractionalize into hotspots and antinodal regions, where physically different gaps are formed. In the phase diagram, this is reflected by three transition temperatures for the formation of pseudogap, charge density wave, and superconductivity (or quadrupole density wave if a sufficiently strong magnetic field is applied). The charge density wave is characterized by modulations along the bonds of the CuO lattice with wave vectors connecting points of the Fermi surface in the antinodal regions. These features, previously observed experimentally, are so far unique to the quantum critical point in two spatial dimensions and shed a new light on the interplay between strongly fluctuating critical modes and conduction electrons in high-temperature superconductors.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures
Additional file 1 of Hepatocyte high-mobility group box 1 protects against steatosis and cellular stress during high fat diet feeding
Creators: name: Lin, Minjie
name: Jungke Long
name: Wenbo Li
name: Chenxuan Yang
name: Loughran, Patricia
name: O’Doherty, Robert
name: Billiar, Timothy R.
name: Meihong Deng
name: Scott, Melanie J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Composition of rodent special diets. Table S2. Primer sequence used for RT-PCR.
MPEC 2023-V40 : 2023 VX
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 VX

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Signatures of coherent electronic quasiparticles in the paramagnetic Mott insulator
Creators: name: Granath, Mats
name: Schött, Johan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the Mott insulating state of the half-filled paramagnetic Hubbard model in infinite dimensions contains electronic quasiparticles with very small quasiparticle weight at the inner edge of the Hubbard bands. We use a stochastic and non-perturbative quantum impurity solver based on calculating the impurity self energy as a sample average over a representative distribution of impurity models solved by exact diagonalization. Due to the natural parallelization of the method, millions of poles are readily generated for the self energy which allows to work with very small pole-broadening $η$. Solutions at small and large $η$ are qualitatively different, and only at $η\leq 0.001$ (in units of half bare band width) are quasiparticles found. Evaluated on the imaginary frequency axis we find that the small $η$ solutions agree within statistical error with results using continuous time quantum Monte Carlo.
description: 8 pages, 11 figures
The Hierarchy Problem and the Cosmological Constant Problem Revisited -- A new view on the SM of particle physics
Creators: name: Jegerlehner, Fred
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2018

description: We argue that the Standard Model (SM) in the Higgs phase does not suffer from a 'hierarchy problem' and that similarly the 'cosmological constant problem' resolves itself if we understand the SM as a low energy effective theory emerging from a cutoff-medium at the Planck scale. We actually take serious Veltman's 'The Infrared - Ultraviolet Connection' addressing the issue of quadratic divergences and the related huge radiative correction predicted by the SM in the relationship between the bare and the renormalized theory, usually called 'the hierarchy problem' and claimed that this has to be cured. We discuss these issues under the condition of a stable Higgs vacuum, which allows to extend the SM up to the Planck cutoff. The bare Higgs boson mass then changes sign below the Planck scale, such that the SM in the early universe is in the symmetric phase. The cutoff enhanced Higgs mass term as well as the quartically enhanced cosmological constant term provide a large positive dark energy which triggers the inflation of the early universe. Reheating follows via the decays of the four unstable heavy Higgs particles, predominantly into top-antitop pairs, which at this stage are still massless. Preheating is suppressed in SM inflation since in the symmetric phase bosonic decay channels are absent at tree level. The coefficients of the shift between bare and renormalized Higgs mass as well as of the shift between bare and renormalized vacuum energy density exhibit close-by zeros at about $7.7 \times 10^{14}$ GeV and $3.1 \times 10^{15}$ GeV, respectively. The zero of of the Higgs mass counter term triggers the electroweak phase transition from the low energy Higgs phase and to the symmetric phase above the transition point. The scenario highly favors to understand the SM and its main properties as a natural structure emerging at long distance.
Dualities and fivebrane instantons
Creators: name: Alexandrov, Sergei
name: Banerjee, Sibasish
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive the fivebrane instanton corrections to the hypermultiplet moduli space $M_H$ of Calabi-Yau string vacua using S-duality symmetry of the type IIB formulation. The result is given in terms of a set of holomorphic functions on the twistor space of $M_H$. It contains not only all orders of the instanton expansion, but also takes into account the presence of D1-D(-1)-brane instantons. Furthermore, we provide a thorough study of the group of discrete isometries of $M_H$ and show that its closure requires a modification of certain symmetry transformations. After this modification, the fivebrane instantons are proven to be consistent with the full duality group.
description: 38 pages, 3 figures; minor corrections; added some clarifications
Additional file 1 of Multi-level assessment of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) reveals relations between neural and neurochemical levels
Creators: name: Viol, Kathrin
name: Schiepek, Günter
name: Kronbichler, Martin
name: Hartl, Arnulf
name: Grafetstätter, Carina
name: Strasser, Peter
name: Kastinger, Anna
name: Schöller, Helmut
name: Eva-Maria Reiter
name: Said-Yürekli, Sarah
name: Kronbichler, Lisa
name: Kravanja-Spannberger, Brigitte
name: Stöger-Schmidinger, Barbara
name: Marc-Thorsten Hütt
name: Aichhorn, Wolfgang
name: Aas, Benjamin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: In Supplementary_Material.pdf we provide details on the fMRI data acquisition and processing (Supplement A), the coordinates of all ROIs that were tested (Supplement B), the results of the neurochemical parameters that were not significant (Supplement C), and additional information on the stepwise and robust versions of the linear regression model (Supplement D). (DOCX 764 kb)
On statistical fluctuations in collective flows
Creators: name: Qian, Wei-Liang
name: Lin, Kai
name: Ye, Chong
name: Li, Jin
name: Pan, Yu
name: Yue, Rui-Hong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In relativistic heavy-ion collisions, event-by-event fluctuations are known to have non-trivial implications. Even though the probability distribution is geometrically isotropic for the initial conditions, the anisotropic $\varepsilon_n$ still differs from zero owing to the statistical fluctuations in the energy profile. On the other hand, the flow harmonics extracted from the hadron spectrum using the multi-particle correlators are inevitably subjected to non-vanishing variance due to the finite number of hadrons emitted in individual events. As one aims to extract information on the fluctuations in the initial conditions via flow harmonics and their fluctuations, finite multiplicity may play a role in interfering with such an effort. In this study, we explore the properties and impacts of such fluctuations in the initial and final states, which both notably appear to be statistical ones originating from the finite number of quanta of the underlying system. We elaborate on the properties of the initial-state eccentricities for the smooth and event-by-event fluctuating initial conditions and their distinct impacts on the resulting flow harmonics. Numerical simulations are performed. The possible implications of the present study are also addressed.
description: 11 pages, 2 figures
Quantum transport with strong scattering: Beyond the nonlinear sigma model
Creators: name: Ziegler, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Transport properties of a two-band system with spectral nodes are studied in the presence of random scattering. Starting from a Grassmann functional integral, we derive a bosonic representation that is based on random phase fluctuations. Averaging leads to a graphical representation of the correlation function with entangled random walks and 4-vertices. In the strong scattering limit we derive a complex transition amplitude. For the example of two-dimensional Dirac fermions we obtain a localization length proportional to the inverse scattering rate.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures
Additional file 1 of The use of factor analysis and abductive inference to explore students’ and practitioners’ perspectives of feedback: divergent or congruent understanding?
Creators: name: Ossenberg, Christine
name: Henderson, Amanda
name: Mitchell, Marion
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Supplemental material 1. – Descriptive statistics of shared items by participant type
Online Suplement to Kleineidam, N. J & Fischbach, A. (In Press). Emotional labour job characteristics in compassion work – differentiating exposure, empathy, compassion, and distancing. Work & Stress. https://doi.org/10.1080/02678373.2023.2199383
Creators: name: Fischbach, Andrea
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Other psychology not elsewhere classified

description: This is the online supplement to our article: Kleineidam, N. J & Fischbach, A. (In Press). Emotional labour job characteristics in compassion work – differentiating exposure, empathy, compassion, and distancing. Work & Stress. https://doi.org/10.1080/02678373.2023.2199383.
 The online supplement includes a) the English and German items of the compassion work measure b) Descriptive Statistics and Results of Exploratory Factor Analysis (Study 1, subsample A) c) Results of Confirmatory Factor Analyses and Comparisons of Alternative Models (Study 1, subsample B)
Supercongruences for sporadic sequences
Creators: name: Osburn, Robert
name: Sahu, Brundaban
name: Straub, Armin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11A07 (Primary), 11F11 (Secondary)

description: We prove two-term supercongruences for generalizations of recently discovered sporadic sequences of Cooper. We also discuss recent progress and future directions concerning other types of supercongruences.
description: 16 pages, to appear in Proceedings of the Edinburgh Mathematical Society
Supplementary material for Real-world evidence of the effect of anticoagulant use in the risk of ischemic stroke after atrial fibrillation
Creators: name: Loucera, Carlos
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: real world evidence

description: Supplementary material for "Real-world evidence of the effect of anticoagulant use in the risk of ischemic stroke after atrial fibrillation"
MPEC 2023-V41 : 2023 VY
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 VY

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Supplementary material for Real-world evidence of the effect of anticoagulant use in the risk of ischemic stroke after atrial fibrillation
Creators: name: Loucera, Carlos
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: real world evidence

description: Supplementary material for "Real-world evidence of the effect of anticoagulant use in the risk of ischemic stroke after atrial fibrillation"
Online Supplement
Creators: name: Fischbach, Andrea
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Other psychology not elsewhere classified

description: This is the online supplement to our article: Kleineidam, N. J & Fischbach, A. (In Press). Emotional labour job characteristics in compassion work – differentiating exposure, empathy, compassion, and distancing. Work & Stress. https://doi.org/10.1080/02678373.2023.2199383.
 The online supplement includes a) the English and German items of the compassion work measure b) Descriptive Statistics and Results of Exploratory Factor Analysis (Study 1, subsample A) c) Results of Confirmatory Factor Analyses and Comparisons of Alternative Models (Study 1, subsample B)
Additional file 1 of Thyroid autoimmunity and IVF/ICSI outcomes in euthyroid women: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Venables, Ashley
name: Wong, Wilbert
name: Way, Mandy
name: Homer, Hayden Anthony
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases

description: Additional file 1
Macroscopic quantum tunneling and quantum-classical phase transitions of the escape rate in large spin systems
Creators: name: Owerre, S. A.
name: Paranjape, M. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This article presents a review on the theoretical and the experimental developments on macroscopic quantum tunneling and phase transition of the escape rate in spin systems. We present the basic ideas with simplified calculations so that it is readable to both specialists and nonspecialists in this area of research. A brief derivation of the path integral formulation of quantum mechanics in its original form using the orthonormal position and momentum basis is reviewed. For spin systems such as single molecule magnets, the formulation of path integral requires the use of non-orthonormal spin coherent state in $(2s+1)$ dimensional Hilbert space, the coordinate independent and the coordinate dependent form of the spin coherent state path integral is derived. These two forms of spin coherent state path integral are applied to the tunneling of single molecule magnets through its magnetic anisotropy barrier. Most experimental and numerical results are presented. The suppression of tunneling for half-odd integer spin (spin-parity effect) at zero magnetic field is derived from both forms, which shows that this result (spin-parity effect) is independent of the coordinate. At nonzero magnetic field we present both the experimental and the theoretical results of the oscillation of tunneling splitting as a function of the applied magnetic field applied along the spin hard anisotropy axis direction. The experimental and the theoretical results of the tunneling in antiferromagnetic exchange coupled dimer model are also reviewed. As the spin coherent state path integral formalism is a semi-classical method, an alternative exact mapping of a spin system to a particle in a potential field (effective potential method) is derived. This effective potential method allows for the investigation of phase transition of the escape rate in spin systems.
description: Review article in press (Physics Reports). 64 pages, 39 figures, one column
Advancing knowledge and MCDA tools to assist HTA agencies in evaluating medicines on a common basis
Creators: name: Oliveira, Mónica Duarte
name: Kanavos, Panos
name: Costa, Carlos Bana E
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: health technology assessment
MCDA
value framework
collaborative processes
IMPACT HTA framework
Delphi processes
Stakeholders' identification
MACBETH

description: IMPACT HTA, Work Package 7 (Methodological tools using multi-criteria value methods for HTA decision-making), Task 2, Deliverable 7.2 (Multi-criteria evaluation framework), Advancing knowledge and MCDA tools to assist HTA agencies in evaluating medicines on a common basis (2021) Oliveira, M.D. (IST), Panos Kanavos (LSE), Bana e Costa, C. (IST) (several contributors to the report)
Advancing knowledge and MCDA tools to assist HTA agencies in evaluating medicines on a common basis
Creators: name: Oliveira, Mónica Duarte
name: Vieira, Ana
name: Dimitrovova, Klara
name: Angelis, Aris
name: Kanavos, Panos
name: Costa, Carlos Bana E
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: health technology assessment
MCDA
value framework
collaborative processes
IMPACT HTA framework
Delphi processes
Stakeholders' identification
MACBETH

description: IMPACT HTA, Work Package 7 (Methodological tools using multi-criteria value methods for HTA decision-making), Task 2, Deliverable 7.2 (Multi-criteria evaluation framework - Advancing knowledge and MCDA tools to assist HTA agencies in evaluating medicines on a common basis) (2021) Oliveira, M.D. (IST), Ana Vieira (IST), Klara Dimitrovova (IST), Aris Angelis (LSHTM), Panos Kanavos (LSE), Bana e Costa, C. (IST)