cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Timing Noise in SGR 1806−20
Creators: name: Swank, J.
name: Finger, M. H.
name: Thompson, C.
name: Dieters, S.
name: Strohmayer, T.
name: Kouveliotou, C.
name: Duncan, R. C.
name: Hurley, K.
name: Woods, P. M.
name: Murakami, T.
name: Scott, D. M.
name: Göǧüş, E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2000

description: We have phase-connected a sequence of Rossi X-Ray Timing Explorer Proportional Counter Array observations of SGR 1806-20 covering 178 days. We find that a simple secular spin-down model does not adequately fit the data. The period derivative varies gradually during the observations between 8.1 x 10(exp -11) and 11.7 x 10(exp -11) s/s (at its highest, approximately 40% larger than the long-term trend), while the average burst rate as seen with the Burst and Transient Source Experiment drops throughout the time interval. The phase residuals give no compelling evidence for periodicity, but more closely resemble timing noise as seen in radio pulsars. The magnitude of the timing noise, however, is large relative to the noise level typically found in radio pulsars (Delta(sub 8) = 4.8; frequency derivative average power approximately 7 x 10(exp -20) sq cycles/cubic s). Combining these results with the noise levels measured for some anomalous X-ray pulsars, we find that all magnetar candidates have Delta(sub 8) values larger than those expected from a simple extrapolation of the correlation found in radio pulsars. We find that the timing noise in SGR 1806-20 is greater than or equal to the levels found in some accreting systems (e.g., Vela X-1, 4U 1538-52, and 4U 1626-67), but the spin-down of SGR 1806-20 has thus far maintained coherence over 6 yr. Alternatively, an orbital model with a period P(sub orb) = 733 days provides a statistically acceptable fit to the data. If the phase residuals are created by Doppler shifts from a gravitationally bound companion, then the allowed parameter space for the mass function (small) and orbital separation (large) rule out the possibility of accretion from the companion sufficient to power the persistent emission from the SGR.
Figure S6 from Natural selection and outbreeding depression suggest adaptive differentiation in the invasive range of a clonal plant
Creators: name: Pantoja, Pauline O.
name: C. E. Timothy Paine
name: Vallejo-Marín, Mario
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Plant Biology

description: Analyses of phenotypic selection and demography in field populations are powerful ways to establishing the potential role of natural selection in shaping evolution during biological invasions. Here we use experimental F2 crosses between native and introduced populations of Mimulus guttatus to estimate the pattern of natural selection in part of its introduced range, and to seek evidence of outbreeding depression of colonists. The F2s combined the genome of an introduced population with the genome of either native or introduced populations. We found that the introduced × introduced cross had the fastest population growth rate due to increased winter survival, clonality and seed production. Our analysis also revealed that selection through sexual fitness favoured large floral displays, large vegetative and flower size, lateral spread and early flowering. Our results indicate a source-of-origin effect, consistent with outbreeding depression exposed by mating between introduced and native populations. Our findings suggest that well-established non-native populations may pay a high fitness cost during subsequent bouts of admixture with native populations, and reveal that processes such as local adaptation in the invasive range can mediate the fitness consequences of admixture.
(2136) John Henry Holford
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Observation of Coherently Coupled Cation Spin Dynamics in an Insulating Ferrimagnetic Oxide
Creators: name: Klewe, C.
name: Shafer, P.
name: Shoup, J. E.
name: Kons, C.
name: Pogoryelov, Y.
name: Knut, R.
name: Gray, B. A.
name: Jeon, H. -M.
name: Howe, B. M.
name: Karis, O.
name: Suzuki, Y.
name: Arenholz, E.
name: Arena, D. A.
name: Emori, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many technologically useful magnetic oxides are ferrimagnetic insulators, which consist of chemically distinct cations. Here, we examine the spin dynamics of different magnetic cations in ferrimagnetic NiZnAl-ferrite (Ni$_{0.65}$Zn$_{0.35}$Al$_{0.8}$Fe$_{1.2}$O$_4$) under continuous microwave excitation. Specifically, we employ time-resolved x-ray ferromagnetic resonance to separately probe Fe$^{2+/3+}$ and Ni$^{2+}$ cations on different sublattice sites. Our results show that the precessing cation moments retain a rigid, collinear configuration to within $\approx$2$^\circ$. Moreover, the effective spin relaxation is identical to within $<$10% for all magnetic cations in the ferrite. We thus validate the oft-assumed ``ferromagnetic-like'' dynamics in resonantly driven ferrimagnetic oxides, where the magnetic moments from different cations precess as a coherent, collective magnetization.
An Unusual Burst from Soft Gamma Repeater SGR 1900+14: Comparisons with Giant Flares and Implications for the Magnetar Model
Creators: name: Woods, Peter M.
name: Duncan, Robert C.
name: Finger, Mark
name: Strohmayer, Tod E.
name: Van Paradijs, Jan
name: Kouveliotou, Chryssa
name: Ibrahim, Alaa I.
name: Dieters, Stefan
name: Swank, Jean H.
name: Thompson, Christopher
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2001

description: The Soft Gamma Repeater SGR 1900+14 entered a remarkable phase of activity during the summer of 1998. This activity peaked on August 27, 1998 when a giant periodic gamma-ray flare resembling the famous March 5, 1979 event from SGR 0526-66 was recorded. Two days later (August 29), a strong, bright burst was detected with RXTE and BATSE. This event reveals several similarities to the giant flares of August 27 and March 5, and shows a number of unique features not previously seen in SGR bursts. Unlike typically short SGR bursts, this event features a 3.5 s burst peak that was preceded by an extended (~ 1 s) complex precursor, and followed by a long (~ 1000 s) periodic tail modulated at the 5.16 s stellar rotation period. Spectral analysis shows a striking distinction between the spectral behavior of the precursor, burst peak and extended tail. While the spectrum during the peak is uniform, a significant spectral evolution is detected in both the precursor and tail emissions. Temporal behavior shows a sharp rise (~ 9.8 ms) at the event onset and a rapid cutoff (~ 17 ms) at the end of the burst peak. The tail pulsations show a simple pulse profile consisting of one 5.16 s peak that did not evolve with time. The spectral and temporal signatures of this event imply that the precursor, main peak, and extended tail are produced by different physical mechanisms. We discuss these features and their implications in the context of the magnetar model. The energetics of the August 29 event, and its close proximity to the August 27 flare, suggest that it is an `aftershock' of the preceding giant flare. "P.S. This is an abbreviated version of the original abstract."
(2137) Ann Elizabeth Pawson
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Figure S3 from Natural selection and outbreeding depression suggest adaptive differentiation in the invasive range of a clonal plant
Creators: name: Pantoja, Pauline O.
name: C. E. Timothy Paine
name: Vallejo-Marín, Mario
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Plant Biology

description: Analyses of phenotypic selection and demography in field populations are powerful ways to establishing the potential role of natural selection in shaping evolution during biological invasions. Here we use experimental F2 crosses between native and introduced populations of Mimulus guttatus to estimate the pattern of natural selection in part of its introduced range, and to seek evidence of outbreeding depression of colonists. The F2s combined the genome of an introduced population with the genome of either native or introduced populations. We found that the introduced × introduced cross had the fastest population growth rate due to increased winter survival, clonality and seed production. Our analysis also revealed that selection through sexual fitness favoured large floral displays, large vegetative and flower size, lateral spread and early flowering. Our results indicate a source-of-origin effect, consistent with outbreeding depression exposed by mating between introduced and native populations. Our findings suggest that well-established non-native populations may pay a high fitness cost during subsequent bouts of admixture with native populations, and reveal that processes such as local adaptation in the invasive range can mediate the fitness consequences of admixture.
Topological charge-entropy scaling in kagome Chern magnet TbMn$_6$Sn$_6$
Creators: name: Xu, Xitong
name: Yin, Jia-Xin
name: Ma, Wenlong
name: Tian, Hong-Ru
name: Qiang, Xiao-Bin
name: Zhou, Huibin
name: Shen, Jie
name: Lu, Haizhou
name: Chang, Tay-Rong
name: Qu, Zhe
name: Jia, Shuang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In ordinary materials, electrons conduct both electricity and heat, where their charge-entropy relations observe the Mott formula and the Wiedemann-Franz law. In topological quantum materials, the transverse motion of relativistic electrons can be strongly affected by the quantum field arising around the topological fermions, where a simple model description of their charge-entropy relations remains elusive. Here we report the topological charge-entropy scaling in the kagome Chern magnet TbMn$_6$Sn$_6$, featuring pristine Mn kagome lattices with strong out-of-plane magnetization. Through both electric and thermoelectric transports, we observe quantum oscillations with a nontrivial Berry phase, a large Fermi velocity and two-dimensionality, supporting the existence of Dirac fermions in the magnetic kagome lattice. This quantum magnet further exhibits large anomalous Hall, anomalous Nernst, and anomalous thermal Hall effects, all of which persist to above room temperature. Remarkably, we show that the charge-entropy scaling relations of these anomalous transverse transports can be ubiquitously described by the Berry curvature field effects in a Chern-gapped Dirac model. Our work points to a model kagome Chern magnet for the proof-of-principle elaboration of the topological charge-entropy scaling.
description: 14 pages, 3 figures
Jet‐ and Wind‐driven Ionized Outflows in the Superbubble and Star‐forming Disk of NGC 3079
Creators: name: Veilleux, Sylvain
name: Cecil, Gerald
name: Bland-Hawthorn, Joss
name: Filippenko, Alexei V.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2001

description: HST WFPC2 images are presented that span the inner 19 kpc diameter of the edge-on spiral galaxy NGC 3079; they are combined with ground-based Halpha+[N II] Fabry-Perot spectra and VLA images of radio polarization vectors and rotation measures. Ionized gas filaments within 9 kpc diameter project ~3 kpc above the disk, with the brightest forming the 1 kpc diameter superbubble. They are often resolved into strands ~0."3 (25 pc) wide which emerge from the nuclear CO ring as five distinct gas streams with velocity gradients and dispersions of hundreds of km/s. One stream flows for 250 pc and aligns with the VLBI-scale radio jet, the other four are not connected to the jet, instead curving to the vertical 0.6 kpc above the galaxy disk, then dispersing in a spray of droplets each with ionized mass ~1000 sqrt(f) Msun (volume filling factor f > 0.003 from our data). Shredded clumps of disk gas form a similar structure in hydro models of a galaxy-scale wind. The pattern of magnetic fields and the gas kinematics also suggest a wind of mechanical luminosity 10^43 erg/s that has stagnated in the galaxy disk at radius ~800 pc, flared to larger radii with increasing height as the balancing ISM pressure reduces above the disk, and entrained dense clouds into a vortex. Total KE and momentum of the filaments are (0.4-5)x10^55 sqrt(f) ergs and (1.6-6)x10^47 sqrt(f) dyne s. A star-forming complex elsewhere in the galaxy shows a striking spray of linear filaments that extend for hundreds of parsecs.
(2138) Marmaduke Pawson
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
High-spin mesons below 3 GeV
Creators: name: Pang, Cheng-Qun
name: Wang, Bo
name: Liu, Xiang
name: Matsuki, Takayuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we study the high-spin states with masses below 3 GeV observed in experiments and we perform analysis of mass spectrum and investigation of strong decay behaviors of the high-spin states. Comparing our results with the experimental data, we can reveal the underlying properties of these high-spin states; more importantly, we also predict their abundant decay features, which can provide valuable information for experimental exploration of these high-spin states.
description: 17 pages, 15 figures and 4 tables. More discussions added. Accepted by Phys. Rev. D
Transport of Magnetic Fields in Convective, Accreting Supernova Cores
Creators: name: Murray, Norman
name: Thompson, Christopher
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2001

description: We consider the amplification and transport of a magnetic field in the collapsed core of a massive star, including both the region between the neutrinosphere and the shock, and the central, opaque core. An analytical argument explains why rapid convective overturns persist within a newly formed neutron star for roughly 10 s (>103 overturns), consistent with recent numerical models. A dynamical balance between turbulent and magnetic stresses within this convective layer corresponds to flux densities in excess of 1015 G. Material accreting onto the core is heated by neutrinos and also becomes strongly convective. We compare the expected magnetic stresses in this convective "gain layer" with those deep inside the neutron core. Buoyant motions of magnetized fluid are greatly aided by the intense neutrino flux. We calculate the transport rate through a medium containing free neutrons, protons, and electrons, in the limiting cases of degenerate or nondegenerate nucleons. Fields stronger than ~1013 G are able to rise through the outer degenerate layers of the neutron core during the last stages of Kelvin-Helmholtz cooling (up to 10 s postcollapse), even though these layers have become stable to convection. We also find the equilibrium shape of a thin magnetic flux rope in the dense hydrostatic atmosphere of the neutron star, along with the critical separation of the footpoints above which the rope undergoes unlimited expansion against gravity. The implications of these results for pulsar magnetism are summarized, and applied to the case of late fallback over the first 103-104 s of the life of a neutron star.
Transport effects in non-Hermitian nonreciprocal systems: General approach
Creators: name: Ghaemi-Dizicheh, Hamed
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we present a unifying analytical framework for identifying conditions for transport effects such as reflectionless and transparent transport, lasing, and coherent perfect absorption in non-Hermitian nonreciprocal systems using a generalized transfer matrix method. This provides a universal approach to studying the transport of tight-binding platforms, including higher-dimensional models and those with an internal degree of freedom going beyond the previously studied case of one-dimensional chains with nearest-neighbor couplings. For a specific class of tight-binding models, the relevant transport conditions and their signatures of non-Hermitian, nonreciprocal, and topological behavior are analytically tractable from a general perspective. We investigate this class and illustrate our formalism in a paradigmatic ladder model where the system's parameters can be tuned to adjust the transport effect and topological phases.
description: 4 figures, 12 pages
The Moyal Equation for open quantum systems
Creators: name: Marzlin, Karl-Peter
name: Deering, Stephen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We generalize the Moyal equation, which describes the dynamics of quantum observables in phase space, to quantum systems coupled to a reservoir. It is shown that phase space observables become functionals of fluctuating noise forces introduced by the coupling to the reservoir. For Markovian reservoirs, the Moyal equation turns into a functional differential equation in which the reservoir's effect can be described by a single parameter.
description: 7 pages
(2134) Maria Burgess
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Figure S4 from Natural selection and outbreeding depression suggest adaptive differentiation in the invasive range of a clonal plant
Creators: name: Pantoja, Pauline O.
name: C. E. Timothy Paine
name: Vallejo-Marín, Mario
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Plant Biology

description: Analyses of phenotypic selection and demography in field populations are powerful ways to establishing the potential role of natural selection in shaping evolution during biological invasions. Here we use experimental F2 crosses between native and introduced populations of Mimulus guttatus to estimate the pattern of natural selection in part of its introduced range, and to seek evidence of outbreeding depression of colonists. The F2s combined the genome of an introduced population with the genome of either native or introduced populations. We found that the introduced × introduced cross had the fastest population growth rate due to increased winter survival, clonality and seed production. Our analysis also revealed that selection through sexual fitness favoured large floral displays, large vegetative and flower size, lateral spread and early flowering. Our results indicate a source-of-origin effect, consistent with outbreeding depression exposed by mating between introduced and native populations. Our findings suggest that well-established non-native populations may pay a high fitness cost during subsequent bouts of admixture with native populations, and reveal that processes such as local adaptation in the invasive range can mediate the fitness consequences of admixture.
Observation of the Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless Phase Transition in an Ultracold Fermi Gas
Creators: name: Murthy, P. A.
name: Boettcher, I.
name: Bayha, L.
name: Holzmann, M.
name: Kedar, D.
name: Neidig, M.
name: Ries, M. G.
name: Wenz, A. N.
name: Zürn, G.
name: Jochim, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We experimentally investigate the first-order correlation function of a trapped Fermi gas in the two-dimensional BEC-BCS crossover. We observe a transition to a low-temperature superfluid phase with algebraically decaying correlations. We show that the spatial coherence of the entire trapped system can be characterized by a single temperature-dependent exponent. We find the exponent at the transition to be constant over a wide range of interaction strengths across the crossover. This suggests that the phase transitions in both the bosonic regime and the strongly interacting crossover regime are of Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless-type and lie within the same universality class. On the bosonic side of the crossover, our data are well-described by Quantum Monte Carlo calculations for a Bose gas. In contrast, in the strongly interacting regime, we observe a superfluid phase which is significantly influenced by the fermionic nature of the constituent particles.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures
(2135) Arthur Burgess Holford
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Barjols, hôtel du Pont d'or, collecte du témoignage du félibre Gabriel Larose, fondateur de l'Escolo Caramy de Brignoles
Creators: name: Musée National Des Arts Et Traditions Populaires (Paris)
name: Centre D'ethnologie Française
Publisher: name: École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales; Institut  interdisciplinaire d'anthropologie du contemporain (Paris); Laboratoire d'anthropologie et d'histoire de l'institution de la culture (Paris)
Year: 2024

Abstract
Are the Narrow‐Line Regions in Active Galaxies Dusty and Radiation Pressure Dominated?
Creators: name: Dopita, Michael A.
name: Binette, Luc
name: Groves, Brent A.
name: Cecil, Gerald
name: Sutherland, Ralph S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2002

description: The remarkable similarity between emission spectra of narrow line regions (NLR) in Seyfert Galaxies has long presented a mystery. In photoionization models, this similarity implies that the ionization parameter is nearly always the same, about U ~ 0.01. Here we present dusty, radiation-pressure dominated photoionization models that can provide natural physical insight into this problem. In these models, dust and the radiation pressure acting on it provide the controlling factor in moderating the density, excitation and surface brightness of photoionized NLR structures. Additionally, photoelectric heating by the dust is important in determining the temperature structure of the models. These models can also explain the coexistence of the low-, intermediate- and coronal ionization zones within a single self-consistent physical structure. The radiation pressure acting on dust may also be capable of driving the fast (~3000 km/s) outflows such as are seen in the HST observations of NGC 1068. Comment: 23 pages, 8 figures, Accepted by ApJ
title: The standing of vocational education: A global concern with diverse meanings and implications
Creators: name: Stalder, Barbara E.
name: Choy, Sarojni
name: Le, Anh Hai
Publisher: name: Springer Natur
Year: 2022

description: The low standing of vocational education (VET) and the occupations it serves is emerging as a concern in countries with both advanced and developed industrial economies. This issue manifests itself differently across countries depending on the economic trajectory and where VET sits within their schooling or tertiary education systems. In most instances, however, there are significant consequences for engaging young people in VET provisions, and developing the kinds of skills that the economies in these countries need and, in the places, where they are needed. The standing of VET and the occupations it serves are perennial issues, so there is nothing wholly new here. Drawing on the contributions across the section of this volume, this chapter explores the aspirations and expections of young people, parents and familiars in countries with developed and developing economic bases, and the positioning of VET as a post-school option. Specifically, the relative status of VET, its attractiveness and educational outcomes are elaborated, accounting for diverse schooling and tertiary education systems. The contributions are summarised to identify ways in which societal sentiments about the forms of work that are seen as desirable their (mis-)alignment with aspirational generations of young people, and their current and emerging consequences are manifested. Amongst others, the consequences will be understood in terms of the growing struggles for countries to interest and engage young people in occupations that provide goods and services to communities, nationally and regionally. Included here are the ways that the quantum of skillful capacities required by societies are not being replaced and are becoming complex and demanding to learn. More young people are engaging on circuitous and lengthy tertiary educational journeys away from these occupations. Through a summary of the contributions, the perennial issue of the standing of VET and the occupations it serves, the extent of the concerns arising from an intensification of this issue are identified and elaborated as are their consequences for nation states and regions. In sum, this chapter offers a summary of the key issues that shape and sustain the relative low standing of VET and the occupations it serves.
NGI Sargasso 1st Joing Press Release
Creators: name: AUSTRALO
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Press Release
Open call project
Open Calls
Emerging tech
Collaboration US-Canada-EU

description: First joint Press Release to mark the beginning of NGI Sargasso, project part of the Next Generation Internet initiative.
description: This project has been funded by the European Commission, under grant agreement number 101092887.
(2131) Henrietta Simms
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Revisiting INTEGRAL/SPI observations of 44Ti from Cassiopeia A
Creators: name: Siegert, Thomas
name: Diehl, Roland
name: Krause, Martin G. H.
name: Greiner, Jochen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The 340-year old supernova remnant Cassiopeia A at 3.4 kpc distance is the best-studied young core-collapse supernova remnant. Nucleosynthesis yields in radioactive isotopes have been studied with different methods, in particular for production and ejection of $^{44}$Ti and $^{56}$Ni which originate from the innermost regions of the supernova. $^{44}$Ti was first discovered in this remnant, but is not seen consistently in other core-collapse sources. We analyse the observations accumulated with the SPI spectrometer on INTEGRAL, together with an improved instrumental background method, to achieve high spectroscopic resolution which enables interpretation towards a velocity constraint on $^{44}$Ti ejecta from the 1.157 MeV $γ$-ray line of the $^{44}$Sc decay. We observe both the hard X-ray line at 78 keV and the $γ$-ray line at 1157 keV from the $^{44}$Ti decay chain, at a combined significance of 3.8 $σ$. Measured fluxes are $(2.1\pm0.4)~10^{-5}~\mathrm{ph~cm^{-2}~s^{-1}}$ and $(3.5\pm1.2)~10^{-5}~\mathrm{ph~cm^{-2}~s^{-1}}$, which corresponds to $(1.5\pm0.4)~10^{-4}$ and $(2.4\pm0.9)~10^{-4}~\mathrm{M}_{\odot}$ of $^{44}$Ti, respectively. The measured Doppler broadening of the lines implies expansion velocities of $4300$ and $2200~\mathrm{km~s^{-1}}$, respectively. Combining our results with previous studies, we determine a more precise estimate of ejected $^{44}$Ti of $(1.37\pm0.19)~10^{-4}~\mathrm{M}_{\odot}$. The measurements of both lines are consistent with previous studies. The flux in the line originating from excited $^{44}$Ca is significantly higher than the flux determined in the lines from $^{44}$Sc. Cosmic ray acceleration within the supernova remnant may be responsible for an additional contribution to this line from nuclear de-excitation following energetic particle collisions in the remnant and swept-up material.
description: Accepted by A&A, 8 pages, 6 figures, removed typos after language editing
Figure S2 from Natural selection and outbreeding depression suggest adaptive differentiation in the invasive range of a clonal plant.
Creators: name: Pantoja, Pauline O.
name: C. E. Timothy Paine
name: Vallejo-Marín, Mario
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Plant Biology

description: Analyses of phenotypic selection and demography in field populations are powerful ways to establishing the potential role of natural selection in shaping evolution during biological invasions. Here we use experimental F2 crosses between native and introduced populations of Mimulus guttatus to estimate the pattern of natural selection in part of its introduced range, and to seek evidence of outbreeding depression of colonists. The F2s combined the genome of an introduced population with the genome of either native or introduced populations. We found that the introduced × introduced cross had the fastest population growth rate owing to increased winter survival, clonality and seed production. Our analysis also revealed that selection through sexual fitness favoured large floral displays, large vegetative and flower size, lateral spread and early flowering. Our results indicate a source-of-origin effect, consistent with outbreeding depression exposed by mating between introduced and native populations. Our findings suggest that well-established non-native populations may pay a high fitness cost during subsequent bouts of admixture with native populations, and reveal that processes such as local adaptation in the invasive range can mediate the fitness consequences of admixture.
Spatial Resolution of High‐Velocity Filaments in the Narrow‐Line Region of NGC 1068: Associated Absorbers Caught in Emission?
Creators: name: Pécontal, Emmanuel
name: Cecil, Gerald
name: Wilson, Andrew S.
name: Ferruit, Pierre
name: Binette, Luc
name: Groves, Brent
name: Dopita, Michael A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2002

description: Using the HST STIS spectrograph we have obtained a grid of [O III] and H-beta emission-line spectra at 0"05x0"19 and 60 km/s (FWHM) resolution that covers much of the NLR of NGC 1068. We find emitting knots that have blueshifted radial velocities up to 3200 km/s relative to galaxy systemic, are 70-150 pc NE of the nucleus and up to 40 pc from the radio jet, emit several percent of the NLR line flux but no significant continuum, span velocity extents of up to 1250 km/s but a small fraction of the sky seen from the nucleus, coincide with a region of enhanced IR coronal-line emission, and have ionized masses \(\sim\)200 Msun/ne4 (ne4=10^4 cm^{-3}). We argue that the blueshifted knots are ablata from disintegrating molecular clouds that are being photoionized by the AGN, and are being accelerated readiatively by the AGN or mechanically by the radio jet. In their kinematic properties, the knots resemble the associated absorbers seen projected on the UV continua of some AGN. Between 2"5-4"5 from the nucleus, emission is redshifted relative to systemic, a pattern that we interpret as gas in the galaxy disk being pushed away from us by the NE radio lobe.
Legends of the electronic supplementary pictures from Natural selection and outbreeding depression suggest adaptive differentiation in the invasive range of a clonal plant.
Creators: name: Pantoja, Pauline O.
name: C. E. Timothy Paine
name: Vallejo-Marín, Mario
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Plant Biology

description: Analyses of phenotypic selection and demography in field populations are powerful ways to establishing the potential role of natural selection in shaping evolution during biological invasions. Here we use experimental F2 crosses between native and introduced populations of Mimulus guttatus to estimate the pattern of natural selection in part of its introduced range, and to seek evidence of outbreeding depression of colonists. The F2s combined the genome of an introduced population with the genome of either native or introduced populations. We found that the introduced × introduced cross had the fastest population growth rate owing to increased winter survival, clonality and seed production. Our analysis also revealed that selection through sexual fitness favoured large floral displays, large vegetative and flower size, lateral spread and early flowering. Our results indicate a source-of-origin effect, consistent with outbreeding depression exposed by mating between introduced and native populations. Our findings suggest that well-established non-native populations may pay a high fitness cost during subsequent bouts of admixture with native populations, and reveal that processes such as local adaptation in the invasive range can mediate the fitness consequences of admixture.
Figure S1 from Natural selection and outbreeding depression suggest adaptive differentiation in the invasive range of a clonal plant
Creators: name: Pantoja, Pauline O.
name: C. E. Timothy Paine
name: Vallejo-Marín, Mario
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Plant Biology

description: Analyses of phenotypic selection and demography in field populations are powerful ways to establishing the potential role of natural selection in shaping evolution during biological invasions. Here we use experimental F2 crosses between native and introduced populations of Mimulus guttatus to estimate the pattern of natural selection in part of its introduced range, and to seek evidence of outbreeding depression of colonists. The F2s combined the genome of an introduced population with the genome of either native or introduced populations. We found that the introduced × introduced cross had the fastest population growth rate due to increased winter survival, clonality and seed production. Our analysis also revealed that selection through sexual fitness favoured large floral displays, large vegetative and flower size, lateral spread and early flowering. Our results indicate a source-of-origin effect, consistent with outbreeding depression exposed by mating between introduced and native populations. Our findings suggest that well-established non-native populations may pay a high fitness cost during subsequent bouts of admixture with native populations, and reveal that processes such as local adaptation in the invasive range can mediate the fitness consequences of admixture.
(2132) Frederick Simms
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Present and Potential Markets for Safflower Oil and Meal
Creators: name: Doty, Harry O.
name: Lawler, John V.
name: Doty, Harry O.
name: Lawler, John V.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1971
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Safflower oil
subject: safflower meal
subject: safflower
subject: safflower seed

description: Abstract for “Present and Potential Markets for Safflower Oil”: The most important use of safflower oil is in food products, particularly margarine and salad and cooking oils. Future demand may depend upon whether consumers, concerned about the possible effect of saturated fat foods on coronary heart disease, prefer the very high unsaturation that safflower oil contributes to food fat products. The only industrial market for safflower oil is drying oil uses and this market is declining because of competition from synthetic resins, especially in latex paint. Safflower oil has the advantage of contributing non-yellowing properties to oil paints, printing ink, etc. Abstract for “Present and Potential Markets for Safflower Meal”: Regular safflower meal's major use is in dairy and beef cattle feed in the California – Arizona area where produced. Partially hulled safflower meal is preferred over cottonseed meal for use in laying rations and also finds use in other poultry rations. Future safflower meal demand will have modest growth because of the fewer feeding restrictions it has compared to nonprotein nitrogen and the technological advantages of partially hulled safflower meal over cottonseed meal. Additional markets for safflower hulls need to be developed.
description: Reprinted from Fats and Oils Situation, July 1971 (Present and Potential Markets for Safflower Oil) and Feed Situation, May 1971 (Present and Potential Markets for Safflower Meal)
Starting engagement detection towards a companion robot using multimodal features
Creators: name: Vaufreydaz, Dominique
name: Johal, Wafa
name: Combe, Claudine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recognition of intentions is a subconscious cognitive process vital to human communication. This skill enables anticipation and increases the quality of interactions between humans. Within the context of engagement, non-verbal signals are used to communicate the intention of starting the interaction with a partner. In this paper, we investigated methods to detect these signals in order to allow a robot to know when it is about to be addressed. Originality of our approach resides in taking inspiration from social and cognitive sciences to perform our perception task. We investigate meaningful features, i.e. human readable features, and elicit which of these are important for recognizing someone's intention of starting an interaction. Classically, spatial information like the human position and speed, the human-robot distance are used to detect the engagement. Our approach integrates multimodal features gathered using a companion robot equipped with a Kinect. The evaluation on our corpus collected in spontaneous conditions highlights its robustness and validates the use of such a technique in a real environment. Experimental validation shows that multimodal features set gives better precision and recall than using only spatial and speed features. We also demonstrate that 7 selected features are sufficient to provide a good starting engagement detection score. In our last investigation, we show that among our full 99 features set, the space reduction is not a solved task. This result opens new researches perspectives on multimodal engagement detection.
Supplementary tables from Natural selection and outbreeding depression suggest adaptive differentiation in the invasive range of a clonal plant.
Creators: name: Pantoja, Pauline O.
name: C. E. Timothy Paine
name: Vallejo-Marín, Mario
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Plant Biology

description: Analyses of phenotypic selection and demography in field populations are powerful ways to establishing the potential role of natural selection in shaping evolution during biological invasions. Here we use experimental F2 crosses between native and introduced populations of Mimulus guttatus to estimate the pattern of natural selection in part of its introduced range, and to seek evidence of outbreeding depression of colonists. The F2s combined the genome of an introduced population with the genome of either native or introduced populations. We found that the introduced × introduced cross had the fastest population growth rate owing to increased winter survival, clonality and seed production. Our analysis also revealed that selection through sexual fitness favoured large floral displays, large vegetative and flower size, lateral spread and early flowering. Our results indicate a source-of-origin effect, consistent with outbreeding depression exposed by mating between introduced and native populations. Our findings suggest that well-established non-native populations may pay a high fitness cost during subsequent bouts of admixture with native populations, and reveal that processes such as local adaptation in the invasive range can mediate the fitness consequences of admixture.
Barjols, place de la Rouguière, gardians et arlésiennes défilent au pas devant la foule
Creators: name: Musée National Des Arts Et Traditions Populaires (Paris)
name: Centre D'ethnologie Française
Publisher: name: École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales; Institut  interdisciplinaire d'anthropologie du contemporain (Paris); Laboratoire d'anthropologie et d'histoire de l'institution de la culture (Paris)
Year: 2024

Abstract
A supplementary radiation-reaction force between two binaries
Creators: name: Kuntz, Adrien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Radiation-reaction forces originating from the emission of gravitational waves (GW) bring binaries to close proximity and are thus responsible for virtually all the mergers that we can observe in GW interferometers. We show that there exists a supplementary radiation-reaction force between two binaries interacting gravitationally, changing in particular the decay rate of the semimajor axis under the emission of GW. This new binary-binary force is in some settings of the same order-of-magnitude than the usual 2.5PN force for an isolated binary and presents some striking features such as a dependence on retarded time even in the post-Newtonian regime where all velocities are arbitrarily small. Using Effective Field Theory tools, we provide the expression of the force in generic configurations and show that it interpolates between several intuitive results in different limits. In particular, our formula generalizes the standard post-Newtonian estimates for radiation-reaction forces in $N$-body systems which are valid only in the limit where the GW wavelength goes to infinity.
description: Version accepted for publication in PRD