cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The importance of trust in the relation between COVID-19 information from social media and well-being among adolescents and young adults.
Creators: name: Hoffman, Adam J
name: McGuire, Luke
name: Mathews, Channing J
name: Joy, Angelina
name: Law, Fidelia
name: Drews, Marc
name: Rutland, Adam
name: Hartstone-Rose, Adam
name: Winterbottom, Mark
name: Mulvey, Kelly Lynn
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2023
Subjects: Humans
Young Adult
Adolescent
COVID-19
Trust
SARS-CoV-2
Social Media
Pandemics

description: Acknowledgements: The authors would like to thank our practitioner partners and the youth who participated in the study. Correspondence should be addressed to Adam J. Hoffman in the Department of Psychology, Cornell University, T229 Martha Van Rensselaer Hall, 116 Reservoir Ave, Ithaca, New York, USA, 14850.
description: Funder: Economic and Social Research Council
description: During the COVID-19 pandemic, young people have been exposed to distressing content about COVID-19 without knowing whether they can trust such content. This indicates a need to examine the effects of social media use on mental health and well-being. Existing research provides an inconsistent impression of such effects. Thus, we examined the relation between exposure to COVID-19 information on social media and well-being and assessed if trust in COVID-19 information on social media moderated this relationship. The sample consisted of 168 adolescents and young adults from the U.K. and U.S. (Mage = 17.4 years). Participants completed measures of exposure to, and trust in, COVID-19 information on social media platforms, and measures of emotional, psychological, and social well-being. Results revealed a null to positive relation between exposure to COVID-19 information on social media and well-being across measures. However, when trust was added to the models as a moderator, results indicated that, for adolescents with higher levels of trust in COVID-19 information found on social media, the relation between information encountered on social media and well-being was positive. In contrast, for adolescents with lower levels of trust, the association between information encountered on social media and well-being was null or sometimes negative. Given the lack of consensus about the impact of social media use on well-being, these results point to the importance of trust when assessing the relationship between exposure to COVID-19 information and well-being.
Intensity enhancement of O VI ultraviolet emission lines in solar spectra due to opacity
Creators: name: Keenan, F. P.
name: Doyle, J. G.
name: Madjarska, M. S.
name: Rose, S. J.
name: Bowler, L. A.
name: Britton, J.
name: McCrink, L.
name: Mathioudakis, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Opacity is a property of many plasmas, and it is normally expected that if an emission line in a plasma becomes optically thick, its intensity ratio to that of another transition that remains optically thin should decrease. However, radiative transfer calculations undertaken both by ourselves and others predict that under certain conditions the intensity ratio of an optically thick to thin line can show an increase over the optically thin value, indicating an enhancement in the former. These conditions include the geometry of the emitting plasma and its orientation to the observer. A similar effect can take place between lines of differing optical depth. Previous observational studies have focused on stellar point sources, and here we investigate the spatially-resolved solar atmosphere using measurements of the I(1032 A)/I(1038 A) intensity ratio of O VI in several regions obtained with the Solar Ultraviolet Measurements of Emitted Radiation (SUMER) instrument on board the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SoHO) satellite. We find several I(1032 A)/I(1038 A) ratios observed on the disk to be significantly larger than the optically thin value of 2.0, providing the first detection (to our knowledge) of intensity enhancement in the ratio arising from opacity effects in the solar atmosphere. Agreement between observation and theory is excellent, and confirms that the O VI emission originates from a slab-like geometry in the solar atmosphere, rather than from cylindrical structures.
description: 17 pages, 4 figures, ApJ Letters, in press
Creep behavior of Grade 10.9 high-strength bolts under and after fire
Creators: name: Lu, Yaoliang
name: Jiang, Jian
name: Cai, Wenyu
name: Chen, Wei
name: Ye, Jihong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Fire safety engineering
Structural engineering

description: As an important component in steel connections, high-strength bolts have a high stress level and may experience creep deformation at high temperatures. This will lead to great deformation and even failure of steel connections, thus affecting progressive collapse resistance of steel structures. This paper experimentally and numerically investigates the creep behavior of 10.9 high-strength bolts under and after fire. The creep strain-time curves at different temperatures and stress levels were obtained using DIC measurement systems. The micromorphology and failure mechanism of high-strength bolts is examined by SEM. The Field & Field creep model is calibrated against test results, and parametric studies are conducted on T-stub connections. The experimental results show that the creep deformation of high-strength bolts is significant at high temperatures, and the creep strain is positively correlated with temperatures and stress ratios. The numerical results show that the Field & Field model is suitable for characterizing the creep behavior of high-strength bolts under fire situation. The fire resistance of T-stub connections is significantly affected by creep-related parameters. It is necessary to consider the effect of creep for predicting the behavior of high-strength bolts and steel connections, ensuring a safe design.
Matter wave propagation above a step potential within the cubic-nonlinear Schrödinger equation
Creators: name: Ishkhanyan, H. A.
name: Manukyan, A. M.
name: Ishkhanyan, A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the matter wave transmission above a step potential within the framework of the cubic-nonlinear Schrödinger equation. We present a comprehensive analysis of the corresponding stationary problem based on an exact second-order nonlinear differential equation for the probability density. The exact solution of the problem in terms of the Jacobi elliptic sn-function is presented and analyzed. Qualitatively distinct types of wave propagation picture are classified depending on the input parameters of the system. Analyzing the 2D space of involved dimensionless parameters, the nonlinearity and the reflecting potential's height/depth given in the units of the chemical potential, we show that the region of the parameters that does not sustain restricted solutions is given by a closed curve consisting of a segment of an elliptic curve and two line intervals. We show that there exists a specific singular point, belonging to the elliptic curve, which causes a jump from one evolution scenario to another one. The position of this point is determined and the peculiarities of the evolution scenarios (oscillatory, non-oscillatory and diverging) for all the allowed regions of involved parameters are described and analyzed in detail.
Lens optics and the continuity problems of the ABCD matrix
Creators: name: Baskal, S.
name: Kim, Y. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Paraxial lens optics is discussed to study the continuity properties of the $ABCD$ beam transfer matrix. The two-by-two matrix for the one-lens camera-like system can be converted to an equi-diagonal form by a scale transformation, leaving the off-diagonal elements invariant. It is shown that the matrix remains continuous during the focusing process, but this transition is not analytic. However, its first derivative is still continuous, which leads to the concept of "tangential continuity." It is then shown that this tangential continuity is applicable to $ABCD$ matrices pertinent to periodic optical systems, where the equi-diagonalization is achieved by a similarity transformation using rotations. It is also noted that both the scale transformations and the rotations can be unified within the framework of Hermitian transformations.
description: Latex 11 pages with 2 figures, to be published in the Journal of Modern Optics
IMPACT OF FAMILY BACKGROUND ON ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF JUNIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENT IN MUSHIN LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA IN LAGOS STATE.
Creators: name: Abidogun, Moruf Adebayo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Applied and developmental psychology not elsewhere classified
Educational psychology
Child and adolescent development

description: The study was carried out to investigate the impact of family background on academic performance of junior secondary school students in Mushin Local Government Area in Lagos State. Three hypotheses were formulated. The descriptive design was adopted and the population of the study was all junior secondary school students in Mushin Local Government in Lagos State while selected schools as the sample size for the study using stratified sampling techniques as well as simple random sampling technique was used. Questionnaire named Impact of Family Background on Academic Performance Questionnaire (IFBAPQ) was used as data collection and analysis of data collected was done with the computation of chi-square statistical tool. The result of the findings showed that students who received encouragement and motivation from the family perform better in schools than their counterparts from non encouraging families. The major reasons for the observed difference in performance are the motivation and positive attitude of the parents towards their children’s academic progress. The study recommendations was that Parents should be made to realize the importance of motivation in determining their children academic achievement in schools, especially the realization that most of the male students are abandoning school for business; Students’ should give serious attention to studies at home, in addition to other various works done, since the amount of effort they put in their studies will have impact on their academic achievement. Teachers should see teaching occupation as a job of conscience and sacrifice.
Source codes and supplementary materials for EMO2021 paper
Creators: name: Xiang, Yi
name: Peng, Xue
name: Xiaoyun Xia
name: Xianbing Meng
name: Sizhe Li
name: Huan, Han
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: 1. PMAD.ZIP contains source codes of PMAD study presented in EMO2021 paper -- The entry is PMAD\src\jmetal\experiments\studies\PMAD_Study.java 2. samplepaperSupplement.pdf contains supplementary materials
Kinetics of random sequential adsorption of nearly spherically symmetric particles
Creators: name: Cieśla, Michał
name: Barbasz, Jakub
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Kinetics of random sequential adsorption (RSA) of spheres on flat, two-dimensional surfaces is governed by a power law with exponent $-1/2$. The study has shown that for RSA of nearly spherically symmetric particles this exponent is $-1/3$, whereas other characteristics typically measured in RSA simulations approach values known for spheres with the increase of symmetry of the particles.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures
Large suppression of quantum fluctuations of light from a single emitter by an optical nanostructure
Creators: name: Cano, Diego Martín
name: Haakh, Harald R.
name: Murr, Karim
name: Agio, Mario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the reduction of the electromagnetic field fluctuations in resonance fluorescence from a single emitter coupled to an optical nanostructure. We find that such hybrid system can lead to the creation of squeezed states of light, with quantum fluctuations significantly below the shot noise level. Moreover, the physical conditions for achieving squeezing are strongly relaxed with respect to an emitter in free space. A high degree of control over squeezed light is feasible both in the far and near fields, opening the pathway to its manipulation and applications on the nanoscale with state-of-the-art setups.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
EDAM, life sciences ontology for data analysis and management
Creators: name: Lamothe, Lucie
name: Gaignard, Alban
name: Kierkegaard, Mads
name: Hager Eldakroury
name: Black, Melissa
name: Brancotte, Bryan
name: Ison, Jon
name: Schwämmle, Veit
name: Kalaš, Matúš
name: Ménager, Hervé
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Ontology
Life sciences
Open Science
FAIR
Computational tools
Learning materials
Standards
Data management

description: EDAM is a domain ontology of data analysis and data management in life sciences. It comprises concepts related to analysis, modeling, optimization, and data life-cycle, and is divided into 4 main sections: topics, operations, data, and formats.
 EDAM is used in numerous resources, for example bio.tools, Galaxy, CWL, Debian, BioSimulators, FAIRsharing, or the ELIXIR Europe training portal TeSS. Thanks to the annotations with EDAM, tools, workflows, standards, data, and learning materials are easier to find, compare, choose, and integrate. EDAM contributes to open science by allowing semantic annotation of research products, thus making them more understandable, findable, and comparable.
 EDAM is continuously evolving and expanding by improving the implementation of links to external resources (including other ontologies), definitions, and the overall quality, or the addition of new concepts. EDAM is developed in a participatory and transparent fashion, within a broad and growing community of contributors. This development model, based on the contribution of a large number of scientific experts, therefore comes with its own set of challenges.
 To ease the contribution processes, users can explore graphically the ontology and its most useful features using the EDAM Browser web interface.
 To streamline and accelerate the evolution of EDAM, we have developed and integrated a set of tools that automate the quality control and release process for the ontology. In addition to ensuring the global consistency of EDAM, it enforces edition best practices both at the syntactic and semantic levels. These tools have been integrated in a continuous integration (CI) pipeline, automated using GitHub Actions in the source-code repository.
 These tools participate in the improvement of EDAM’s contribution process and visibility by the community.
Hole transport and valence band dispersion law in a HgTe quantum well with normal energy spectrum
Creators: name: Minkov, G. M.
name: Germanenko, A. V.
name: Rut, O. E.
name: Sherstobitov, A. A.
name: Dvoretski, S. A.
name: Mikhailov, N. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The results of an experimental study of the energy spectrum of the valence band in a HgTe quantum well of width d<6.3 nm with normal spectrum in the presence of a strong spin-orbit splitting are reported. The analysis of the temperature, magnetic field and gate voltage dependences of the Shubnikov-de Haas oscillations allows us to restore the energy spectrum of the two valence band branches, which are split by the spin-orbit interaction. The comparison with the theoretical calculation shows that a six-band kP theory well describes all the experimental data in the vicinity of the top of the valence band.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures
Experimental linear-optics simulation of the ground state of an interacting quantum spin-ring
Creators: name: Orieux, Adeline
name: Boutari, Joelle
name: Barbieri, Marco
name: Paternostro, Mauro
name: Mataloni, Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Critical phenomena involve a structural change in the correlations of its constituents. These features can be employed in quantum simulators to assess when a criticality occurred in medium-size systems, for which phase transitions are not captured by standard thermodynamical methods. Here we demonstrate these concepts in a photonic quantum simulator: we encode the wavefunction of the ground state of a three-spin Ising ring by using a pair of entangled photons. The effect of a simulated magnetic field, leading to a critical modification of the correlation within the ring, is analysed by studying two- and three-spin entanglement. In particular, we make a quantitative connection between the violation of Svetlichny's inequality to the amount of three-tangle and tripartite negativity in our ring.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
A Fast Decodable Full-Rate STBC with High Coding Gain for 4x2 MIMO Systems
Creators: name: Liu, Ming
name: Hélard, Maryline
name: Hélard, Jean-François
name: Crussière, Matthieu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this work, a new fast-decodable space-time block code (STBC) is proposed. The code is full-rate and full-diversity for 4x2 multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) transmission. Due to the unique structure of the codeword, the proposed code requires a much lower computational complexity to provide maximum-likelihood (ML) decoding performance. It is shown that the ML decoding complexity is only O(M^{4.5}) when M-ary square QAM constellation is used. Finally, the proposed code has highest minimum determinant among the fast-decodable STBCs known in the literature. Simulation results prove that the proposed code provides the best bit error rate (BER) performance among the state-of-the-art STBCs.
description: 2013 IEEE 24th International Symposium on Personal Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC), London : United Kingdom (2013)
Gamow-Teller strength in deformed nuclei within the self-consistent charge-exchange quasi-particle random-phase approximation with the Gogny force
Creators: name: Martini, M.
name: Péru, S.
name: Goriely, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The charge-exchange excitations in nuclei are studied within the fully self-consistent proton-neutron quasiparticle random-phase approximation using the finite-range Gogny interaction. No additional parameters beyond those included in the effective nuclear force are included. Axially symmetric deformations are consistently taken into account, both in the description of the ground states and spin-isospin excitations. We focus on the isobaric analog and Gamow-Teller resonances. A comparison of the predicted strength distributions to the existing experimental data is presented and the role of nuclear deformation analyzed. The Gamow-Teller strength is used to estimate the beta-decay half-life of nuclei for which experimental data exist. A satisfactory agreement with experimental half-lives is found and justifies the additional study of the exotic neutron-rich N=82, 126 and 184 isotonic chains of relevance for the r-process nucleosynthesis.
Poster: Transición de fase en nanoaleaciones de hierro-aluminio con estructura core-shell: estudio con dinámica molecular
Creators: name: Nagata Tejada, Shigueru Emilio Antonio
name: Davalos, Zhenia
name: Rojas Tapia, Justo Alcides
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: LAMMPS
Nanoparticles
Molecular Dynamics
Nanoalloy
Iron
Aluminum

description: Poster presentado en el XXIV Simposio Peruano de Física. Realizado del 02 al 06 de Noviembre de 2015 en la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos. Se presentan resultados obtenidos en el proyecto: Propiedades térmicas y estructurales de las nanopartículas de Fe, Al y nanoaleaciones de Fe-Al .
Covid Chronicles: Short Thoughts
Creators: name: (Anonymous), Dino
name: Hintjens, Helen
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Sociology of migration, ethnicity and multiculturalism
Creative writing (incl. scriptwriting)
Migration, asylum and refugee law

description: Poetry by Dino. Translations by Helen Hintjens.
 ----- This material is part of the Covid Chronicles from the Margins project, funded by The Open University and The Hague. The project aims to highlight the impact of the pandemic on refugees, asylum seekers & undocumented migrants.
 This item can also be found on the Covid Chronicles website.
Disparity and Optical Flow Partitioning Using Extended Potts Priors
Creators: name: Cai, Xiaohao
name: Fitschen, Jan Henrik
name: Nikolova, Mila
name: Steidl, Gabriele
name: Storath, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper addresses the problems of disparity and optical flow partitioning based on the brightness invariance assumption. We investigate new variational approaches to these problems with Potts priors and possibly box constraints. For the optical flow partitioning, our model includes vector-valued data and an adapted Potts regularizer. Using the notation of asymptotically level stable functions we prove the existence of global minimizers of our functionals. We propose a modified alternating direction method of minimizers. This iterative algorithm requires the computation of global minimizers of classical univariate Potts problems which can be done efficiently by dynamic programming. We prove that the algorithm converges both for the constrained and unconstrained problems. Numerical examples demonstrate the very good performance of our partitioning method.
New relations for the derivative of the confluent Heun function
Creators: name: Shahnazaryan, V. A.
name: Ishkhanyan, T. A.
name: Shahverdyan, T. A.
name: Ishkhanyan, A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The cases when the equation for the derivative of the confluent Heun function has only three singularities (in general, the equation has four such points) are examined. It is shown that this occurs only in three specific cases. Further, it is shown that in all these three cases this equation is reduced to some confluent Heun equation with changed parameters. This means that in these cases the derivative of the confluent Heun function is expressed via some other confluent Heun function. The analysis of the obtained relations shows that they can be useful for the construction of some exact solutions of the confluent Heun equation for specific values of involved parameters. Several examples of such cases are presented; and for all the cases the final solutions in terms of simpler special functions are explicitly presented. In addition, it is shown that in the mentioned three cases, the solution can be expanded as a series in terms of generalized hypergeometric functions of Goursat or Clausen.
Short Thoughts
Creators: name: (Anonymous), Dino
name: Hintjens, Helen
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Sociology of migration, ethnicity and multiculturalism
Creative writing (incl. scriptwriting)

description: Poetry by Dino. Translations by Helen Hintjens.
 ----- This material is part of the Covid Chronicles from the Margins project, funded by The Open University and The Hague. The project aims to highlight the impact of the pandemic on refugees, asylum seekers & undocumented migrants.
 This item can also be found on the Covid Chronicles website.
Evidence for Large Temperature Fluctuations in Quasar Accretion Disks From Spectral Variability
Creators: name: Ruan, John J.
name: Anderson, Scott F.
name: Dexter, Jason
name: Agol, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The well-known bluer-when-brighter trend observed in quasar variability is a signature of the complex processes in the accretion disk, and can be a probe of the quasar variability mechanism. Using a sample of 604 variable quasars with repeat spectra in SDSS-I/II, we construct difference spectra to investigate the physical causes of this bluer-when-brighter trend. The continuum of our composite difference spectrum is well-fit by a power-law, with a spectral index in excellent agreement with previous results. We measure the spectral variability relative to the underlying spectra of the quasars, which is independent of any extinction, and compare to model predictions. We show that our SDSS spectral variability results cannot be produced by global accretion rate fluctuations in a thin disk alone. However, we find that a simple model of a inhomogeneous disk with localized temperature fluctuations will produce power-law spectral variability over optical wavelengths. We show that the inhomogeneous disk will provide good fits to our observed spectral variability if the disk has large temperature fluctuations in many independently varying zones, in excellent agreement with independent constraints from quasar microlensing disk sizes, their strong UV spectral continuum, and single-band variability amplitudes. Our results provide an independent constraint on quasar variability models, and add to the mounting evidence that quasar accretion disks have large localized temperature fluctuations.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures, ApJ accepted
The Fundamental Gap for a Class of Schrödinger Operators on Path and Hypercube Graphs
Creators: name: Jarret, Michael
name: Jordan, Stephen P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the difference between the two lowest eigenvalues (the fundamental gap) of a Schrödinger operator acting on a class of graphs. In particular, we derive tight bounds for the gap of Schrödinger operators with convex potentials acting on the path graph. Additionally, for the hypercube graph, we derive a tight bound for the gap of Schrödinger operators with convex potentials dependent only upon vertex Hamming weight. Our proof makes use of tools from the literature of the fundamental gap theorem as proved in the continuum combined with techniques unique to the discrete case. We prove the tight bound for the hypercube graph as a corollary to our path graph results.
description: 24 pages, 1 figure
title: Κέντρο ψυχικής αποκατάστασης στην Ελούντα
title: Mental & psychological rehabilitation center in Elouda
Creators: name: Μενζιλτζογλου Βασιλειος
Publisher: name: Technical University of Crete
Year: 2023

description: Η εργασία αφορά ένα υπαίθριο κτιριακό σύστημα στην Ελούντα της Κρήτης, το οποίο συνεργαζόμενο με το ανάγλυφο του εδάφους και την τοπική χλωρίδα, προσφέρει μία ποικιλία χώρων και υπηρεσιών για την υποστήριξη και αποπεράτωση της διαδικασίας της ψυχικής θεραπείας και αποκατάστασης.
Οι χώροι του έργου προσφέρουν μία βιωματική εμπειρία στο θεραπευόμενο άτομο, η οποία σε συνδυασμό με το ειδικευμένο προσωπικό στοχεύουν στην αποτελεσματική και ολοκληρωμένη ψυχική αποκατάσταση του ατόμου. Η σύνθεση αποτελεί ένα διάλογο ανάμεσα στο δομημένο και το αδόμητο, μία προσπάθεια συνδυασμού των τραχέων αστικών υλικών με το φυσικό πράσινο, στο πλαίσιο της δημιουργίας ενός χωρικού και ποιοτικού αρχέτυπου για τις χωρικές και ποιοτικές ανάγκες ενός χώρου ψυχολογικής ανάκαμψης.
Pore formation phase diagrams for lipid membranes
Creators: name: Mukhin, S. I.
name: Kheyfets, B. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Critical lateral pressure for a pore formation and phase diagram of porous membrane are derived analytically as functions of the microscopic parameters of the lipid chains. The derivation exploits path-integral calculation of the free energy of the ensembles of semi-flexible strings and rigid rods that mimic the hydrophobic tails of lipids in the lipid bilayers and bolalipid membranes respectively. Analytical expressions for the area stretch/compressibility moduli of the membranes are derived in both models.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, submitted to JETP Letters
On kinematical constraints in the hadrogenesis conjecture for the baryon resonance spectrum
Creators: name: Heo, Yonggoo
name: Lutz, Matthias F. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the reaction dynamics of bosons with negative parity and spin $0$ or $1$ and fermions with positive parity and spin $\frac{1}{2}$ or $\frac{3}{2}$. Such systems are of central importance for the computation of the baryon resonance spectrum in the hadrogenesis conjecture. Based on a chiral Lagrangian the coupled-channel partial-wave scattering amplitudes have to be computed. We study the generic properties of such amplitudes. A decomposition of the various scattering amplitudes into suitable sets of invariant functions expected to satisfy Mandelstam's dispersion-integral representation is presented. Sets are identified that are free from kinematical constraints and that can be computed efficiently in terms of a novel projection algebra. From such a representation one can deduce the analytic structure of the partial-wave amplitudes. The helicity and the conventional angular-momentum partial-wave amplitudes are kinematically constrained at the Kibble conditions. Therefore an application of a dispersion-integral representation is prohibitively cumbersome. We derive covariant partial-wave amplitudes that are free from kinematical constraints at the Kibble conditions. They correspond to specific polynomials in the 4-momenta and Dirac matrices that solve the various Bethe-Salpeter equations in the presence of short-range interactions analytically.
description: 18 pages
Do Giant Molecular Clouds Care About the Galactic Structure?
Creators: name: Fujimoto, Yusuke
name: Tasker, Elizabeth J.
name: Wakayama, Mariko
name: Habe, Asao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the impact of galactic environment on the properties of simulated giant molecular clouds formed in a M83-type barred spiral galaxy. Our simulation uses a rotating stellar potential to create the grand design features and resolves down to 1.5 pc. From the comparison of clouds found in the bar, spiral and disc regions, we find that the typical GMC is environment independent, with a mass of 5e+5 Msun and radius 11 pc. However, the fraction of clouds in the property distribution tails varies between regions, with larger, more massive clouds with a higher velocity dispersion being found in greatest proportions in the bar, spiral and then disc. The bar clouds also show a bimodality that is not reflected in the spiral and disc clouds except in the surface density, where all three regions show two distinct peaks. We identify these features as being due to the relative proportion of three cloud types, classified via the mass-radius scaling relation, which we label A, B and C. Type A clouds have the typical values listed above and form the largest fraction in each region. Type B clouds are massive giant molecular associations while Type C clouds are unbound, transient clouds that form in dense filaments and tidal tails. The fraction of each clouds type depends on the cloud-cloud interactions, which cause mergers to build up the GMA Type Bs and tidal features in which the Type C clouds are formed. The number of cloud interactions is greatest in the bar, followed by the spiral, causing a higher fraction of both cloud types compared to the disc. While the cloud types also exist in lower resolution simulations, their identification becomes more challenging as they are not well separated populations on the mass-radius relation or distribution plots. Finally, we compare the results for three star formation models to estimate the star formation rate and efficiency in each region.
description: 21 pages, 14 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Influence of thermal gradients on the resistance of axially loaded steel columns subjected to localised fires
Creators: name: Possidente, Luca
name: Couto, Carlos
name: Tondini, Nicola
name: Real, Paulo Vila
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Fire safety engineering
Structural engineering

description: The definition of the resistance and the associated failure time of unprotected steel members in fire is crucial to the safety of steel structures. For this purpose, design standards allow for prescriptive approaches that rely on nominal fire curves that do not represent the physics of a real fire, for instance, a localised fire. Indeed, the thermal actions can be significantly different from the ones based on prescriptive approaches and non-negligible thermal gradients, both in the section and along the length, can develop in the structural members affecting the resistance of steel members. In this paper, three design procedures enabling increasing complexity of the temperature field were compared by investigating axially loaded steel columns characterised by a range of slenderness and load utilisation factors subjected to localised fires. The procedures consisted: i) in exploiting the recently proposed analytical LOCAFI model to compute single steel temperatures at different column heights and calculating the failure time with EN1993-1-2 considering the highest temperature; ii) in determining the failure time with beam finite element analyses in SAFIR by employing the temperatures at the different column heights, iii) in using a more refined version of the LOCAFI model included in SAFIR, which directly allows for the thermal gradients in the cross sections at the different heights of the column. The analysis showed that simplified procedures may predict both higher or lower failure times and therefore the employment of an advanced modelling is recommended.
title: The structure of molecular clouds
Creators: name: Rowles, Jonathan Henry
Publisher: name: University of Kent
Year: 2022

description: The physics and turbulent properties responsible for shaping the structure in molecular clouds are analysed. Data from the Two-Micron All-Sky Survey are used to determine all-sky median near-infrared extinction maps. Two types of map are made: maps with a near-constant noise in each pixel and maps with a constant resolution. The standard map has a resolution as high as l' along the Galactic plane. The resolution and depth of optical extinction are significantly better than those achieved in previous large-scale studies. The maps are used to examine the column density and mass distributions of 30 nearby molecular clouds. The low column density (i.e. turbulence dominated) parts of the clouds could be well fit by a log-normal distribution. A universal extinction threshold of AV = 5.6 ± 1.2 mag is found, above which there is an excess of material when compared to a log-normal distribution. Gravity is implied as the dominant factor in structure shap­ing above this threshold, as the column density and mass distributions are similar for all clouds. Below this threshold, the structure is determined by turbulence and the environ­ment of the cloud. Two groups of clouds with distinct column density/mass distributions are identified, that correspond to ‘star forming’ and ‘non-star forming’ groups. Structure function and Δ-variance analyses are performed on the same nearby molec­ular clouds. Average values are calculated for the structure function parameters A, intermittency, codimension and fractal dimension. The results imply a mixture of solenoidal and compressive forcing in the turbulence dominated regions of the clouds. An average value for the mass index scaling exponent is calculated which is close to the value expected for clouds where turbulence is driven/governed by solenoidal forc­ing. For the ‘star forming’ clouds the average value implies a mixture of solenoidal and compressive forcing, while the value for the ‘non-star forming’ group implies exclusively solenoidal forcing. It is concluded from this that compressive forcing is associated with the presence of clustered star formation.
New insights in gill/buccal rhythm spiking activity and CO2 sensitivity in pre- and post-metamorphic tadpoles (Pelophylax ridibundus)
Creators: name: Quenet, Brigitte
name: Straus, Christian
name: Fiamma, Marie-Noëlle
name: Rivals, Isabelle
name: Similowski, Thomas
name: Horcholle-Bossavit, Ginette
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Central CO2chemosensitivity is crucial for all air-breathing vertebrates and raises the question of itsrole in ventilatory rhythmogenesis. In this study, neurograms of ventilatory motor outputs recorded infacial nerve of premetamorphic and postmetamorphic tadpole isolated brainstems, under normo- andhypercapnia, are investigated using Continuous Wavelet Transform spectral analysis for buccal activityand computation of number and amplitude of spikes during buccal and lung activities. Buccal burstsexhibit fast oscillations (20-30 Hz) that are prominent in premetamorphic tadpoles: they result from thepresence in periodic time windows of high amplitude spikes. Hypercapnia systematically decreases thefrequency of buccal rhythm in both pre- and postmetamorphic tadpoles, by a lengthening of the interburstduration. In postmetamorphic tadpoles, hypercapnia reduces buccal burst amplitude and unmasks smallfast oscillations. Our results suggest a common effect of the hypercapnia on the buccal part of the CentralPattern Generator in all tadpoles and a possible effect at the level of the motoneuron recruitment inpostmetamorphic tadpoles.
Cost of uniform “cut”: Management of declining groundwater in the presence of environmental damages
Creators: name: Lan, Le
name: Iftekhar, MD Sayed
name: Fogarty, James
name: Schilizzi, Steven
name: Lan, Le
name: Iftekhar, MD Sayed
name: Fogarty, James
name: Schilizzi, Steven
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: environmental externalities
subject: groundwater-dependent ecosystems
subject: groundwater management policy
subject: uniform policy

description: Globally, the agriculture sector is the largest user of groundwater, and reducing groundwater extraction by the agriculture sector is an active policy objective in many jurisdictions to manage a declining groundwater resource. Determination of the cost to agriculture in terms of lost gross margin due to implementing exogenously determined water extraction restrictions has been an active research area. In this paper, we contribute to the literature on groundwater management by developing a hydro-economic farm level optimization model that allows us to internalize the environmental externalities associated with groundwater extraction and compare with various levels of uniform proportional reduction in groundwater extraction. Our case studies are three sub-areas within Western Australia’s most important groundwater system: the Gnangara Groundwater System. We find that when environmental externalities are considered, the reduction level of water extraction varied between 26% and 38% across the three sub-areas. Following the reduction, the total farm gross margin falls by 21% and the environmental damage falls by 98% relative to the current level of water extraction limits. We also find that to reach the same level of reduction in environmental damage, the uniform cut has to be between 40% and 50% and this results in a fall in farm gross margin by 29% to 39%. We present this contrasting result as evidence against using a policy of uniform proportional cuts to agriculture sector groundwater allocations
Three-photon polarization ququarts: polarization, entanglement and Schmidt decompositions
Creators: name: Fedorov, M. V.
name: Miklin, N. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider polarization states of three photons, each in the same given spectral-angular mode. A general form of such states is a superposition of four basic three-photon polarization modes, to be referred to as three-photon polarization ququarts. All such states can be considered as consisting of one- and two-photon parts, which can be entangled with each other. The degrees of entanglement and polarization as well as the Schmidt decomposition and Stokes vectors of three-photon polarization ququarts are found and discussed.
Low-frequency High-resolution Radio Observations of the TeV-emitting Blazar SHBLJ001355.9-185406
Creators: name: Zywucka, Natalia
name: Goyal, Arti
name: Jamrozy, Marek
name: Ostrowski, Michal
name: Stawarz, Lukasz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the framework of the unification scheme of radio-loud active galactic nuclei, BL Lac objects and quasars are the beamed end-on counterparts of low-power (FRI) and high-power (FRII) radio galaxies, respectively. Some BL Lacs have been found to possess the FRII-type large-scale radio morphology, suggesting that the parent population of BL Lacs is a mixture of low- and high-power radio galaxies. This seems to apply only to `low frequency-peaked' BL Lacs, since all the `high frequency-peaked' BL Lacs studied so far were shown to host exclusively the FRI-type radio jets. While analyzing the NVSS survey maps of the TeV detected BL Lacs, we have however discovered that the high frequency-peaked object SHBL J001355.9-185406 is associated uniquely with the one-sided, arcmin-scale, and edge-brightened jet/lobe-like feature extending to the south-west from the blazar core. In order to investigate in detail the large-scale morphology of SHBL J001355.9-185406, we have performed low-frequency and high-resolution observations of the source at 156, 259 and 629 MHz using the Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope. Our analysis indicates that no diffuse arcmin-scale emission is present around the unresolved blazar core, and that the arcmin-scale structure seen on the NVSS map breaks into three distinct features unrelated to the blazar, but instead associated with background AGN. The upper limits for the extended radio halo around the TeV-emitting BL Lac object SHBL J001355.9-185406 read as < 10% - 1% at $156-629$ MHz. The fact that the integrated radio spectrum of the unresolved blazar core is flat down to 156 MHz indicates that a self-similar character of the jet in the source holds up to relatively large distances from the jet base.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures and 2 tables. Accepted for publication in A&A main journal
NEON Data in the Classroom: Faculty Mentoring Networks Offer a Low-Investment High-Output Means of Creating and Implementing Data-Centric Classroom Materials
Creators: name: Jones, Megan
Publisher: name: QUBES Educational Resources
Year: 2018

description: This ePoster presents the Faculty Mentoring Network model as a way to support faculty creation and implementation of data-centric classroom teaching activities. It focuses on the NEON Data Education FMN.
Can all dimensions of energy use patterns be represented?
Creators: name: Jatkar, Harshavardhan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Energy
Representation
Urban Building Energy Models

description: In this blog post, I sketch some of the findings and further areas of research as part of the UKRI-funded research project 'GEMDev: Grounded Energy Modelling for Equitable Urban Development in the Global South'.
DISASTER RISK REDUCTION MANAGEMENT AND CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION OF BROADCAST MEDIA IN NAGA CITY
Creators: name: Derla, Moises Jr.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Climate Change
DRRM
Adaptation
Broadcast Media
Management

description: This study measured the effectiveness and capability of the selected radio stations and broadcast journalists in Naga City along Disaster Risk Reduction Management and Climate Change Adaptation. The effectiveness  and capability of the subject radio stations and broadcast journalists were measured through the feedbacks gathered in four areas in Naga City and Camarines Sur representing the urban, lowland, upland and coastal areas. This study also measured the capacity and effectiveness of the respondent radio stations based on their equipment, budget, signal power and number of personnel while the respondents broadcast journalists were measured based on their education, experience in radio industry, age and seminars attended regarding DRRM and CCA.
The author discussed the effectiveness and capability of the selected radio stations and broadcast journalists in Naga City as to how they created public awareness using the airlane. The  researcher is very positive that this study will help the broadcast journalist in Naga City and their respective networks to equip their stations and people of knowledge and skills on Disaster Risk Reduction Management and Climate Change Adaptation.
Dataset for: Burma terrane amber fauna shows connections to Gondwana and transported Gondwanan lineages to the northern hemisphere (Araneae: Palpimanoidea)
Creators: name: Wood, Hannah
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biogeography
Phylogenetics
Fossils
Spiders
Morphology

description: Burmese amber is a significant source of fossils that documents the mid-Cretaceous biota. This deposit was formed around 99 Ma on the Burma Terrane, which broke away from Gondwana and later collided with Asia, although the timing is disputed. Palpimanoidea is a dispersal-limited group that was a dominant element of the Mesozoic spider fauna, and has an extensive fossil record, particularly from Burmese amber. Using morphological and molecular data, evolutionary relationships of living and fossil Palpimanoidea are examined. Divergence dating with fossils as terminal tips, followed by ancestral range estimations, shows timing of diversification is contemporaneous with continental break-up and that widespread ancestral ranges divide into lineages that inherit different Pangean fragments, consistent with vicariance. Our results suggest that the Burmese amber fauna has ties to Gondwana due to a historical connection in the Early Cretaceous, and that the Burma Terrane facilitated biotic exchange by transporting lineages from Gondwana into the Holarctic in the Cretaceous.
Four deliberative exercises to identify acceptable normative practices within a progressive interpretation of the legal framework (MS3 - Workshop Report)
Creators: name: Meletti, Bartolomeo
name: Van Gompel, Stef
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: creative industries
workshops
documentary filmmakers
immersive experiences

description: As part of reCreating Europe's WP4 (on the Creative Industries), four online deliberative workshops were undertaken, one for each community of documentary filmmakers and of curators and creators of immersive experiences in the two jurisdictions under consideration. During these workshops, participants deliberated on the most pressing copyright issues they face when making documentary films or creating immersive experiences, respectively. This Report describes the methodology of the Workshops.