cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
India’s Poultry Revolution: Implications for its Sustenance and the Global Poultry Trade
Creators: name: Hellin, Jon
name: Krishna, Vijesh
name: Erenstein, Olaf
name: Boeber, Christian
name: Hellin, Jon
name: Krishna, Vijesh
name: Erenstein, Olaf
name: Boeber, Christian
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Production Economics
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: India
subject: poultry industry
subject: global poultry trade
subject: maize
subject: animal feed

description: As one of largest emerging economies, the Indian poultry market has wide-ranging implications for global poultry production and trade due to its sheer size, national market and rapid structural growth. Availability of low-priced, high-quality feeds is critical in order for domestic poultry production to remain competitive and meet growing consumer demand. Production of maize, which is a predominant feed component in poultry industry, has surged in India. With average Indian maize yields lagging world and Asian averages, there are significant maize intensification opportunities to produce even more and cheaper feed, including increased use of higher-yielding (and higher-quality) maize hybrids and associated private- and public-sector investments. Given the size of the India’s poultry sector, its price competitiveness and Indian entrepreneurship, India is set to take a more active role in the global poultry trade especially with respect to exports to the Middle East.
description: The International Food and Agribusiness Management Review is published quarterly by the International Food and Agribusiness Management Association. www.ifama.org
Constraining Evolution of Quintessence with CMB and SNIa Data
Creators: name: Lee, Wolung
name: Ng, Kin-Wang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The equation of state of the hypothetical dark energy component, which constitutes about two thirds of the critical density of the universe, may be very different from that of a cosmological constant. Employing a phenomenological model, we investigate semi-analytically the constraints imposed on the scalar quintessence by supernovae observations, and by the acoustic scale extracted from recent CMB data. We show that a universe with a quintessence-dominated phase in the dark age is consistent with the current observational constraints.
description: replaced with a revised paper
On the equivalence of the CH and CHSH inequalities for two three-level systems
Creators: name: Cereceda, Jose L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we show a Clauser-Horne (CH) inequality for two three-level quantum systems or qutrits, alternative to the CH inequality given by Kaszlikowski et al. [PRA 65, 032118 (2002)]. In contrast to this latter CH inequality, the new one is shown to be equivalent to the Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt (CHSH) inequality for two qutrits given by Collins et al. [PRL 88, 040404 (2002)]. Both the CH and CHSH inequalities exhibit the strongest resistance to noise for a nonmaximally entangled state for the case of two von Neumann measurements per site, as first shown by Acin et al. [PRA 65, 052325 (2002)]. This equivalence, however, breaks down when one takes into account the less-than-perfect quantum efficiency of detectors. Indeed, for the noiseless case, the threshold quantum efficiency above which there is no local and realistic description of the experiment for the optimal choice of measurements is found to be 0.814 for the CH inequality, whereas it is equal to 0.828 for the CHSH inequality.
description: LaTeX file, 14 pages, 3 eps figures; journal version
Reentrant vortex lattice transformation in four-fold symmetric superconductors
Creators: name: Nakai, N.
name: Miranović, P.
name: Ichioka, M.
name: Machida, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The physics behind the rhombic$\to$square$\to$rhombic flux line lattice transformation in increasing fields is clarified on the basis of Eilenberger theory. We demonstrate that this reentrance observed in LuNi$_2$B$_2$C is due to intrinsic competition between superconducting gap and Fermi surface anisotropies. The calculations reproduce not only it but also predict yet not found lock-in transition to a square lattice with different orientation in higher field. In view of physical origin given, this sequence of transitions is rather generic to occur in four-fold symmetric superconductors.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures,submitted to Phys. Rev. Lett
Factors Driving South African Poultry and Meat Imports
Creators: name: Taha, Fawzi A.
name: Hahn, William F.
name: Taha, Fawzi A.
name: Hahn, William F.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Financial Economics
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Production Economics
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: import demand system
subject: taste-technology
subject: scale
subject: and price
subject: South Africa
subject: poultry
subject: beef
subject: pork
subject: sheep & goat

description: Import demand for poultry has made it South Africa’s fastest growing meat product, while demand for beef, sheep, and goat meat is generally declining. Poultry was found to be a statistically significant substitute for pork and other meat (sheep, goat, and offal), but insignificant with respect to beef. Pork tends to be complementary to beef, though statistically insignificant. The article investigates which of three crucial factors are most affecting South Africa meat imports: (1) changes in consumer tastes and/or meat processing technology, (2) prices, or (3) scales indicating the total size of the imported meat market. Major findings showed that changes in taste-technology had a greater impact on increasing poultry and pork imports than changes in prices, even though poultry prices tended to increase less than the prices of beef, pork, and other meats, making it a better bargain.
description: The International Food and Agribusiness Management Review is published quarterly by the International Food and Agribusiness Management Association. www.ifama.org
MOESM1 of Reduced levels of two modifiers of epigenetic gene silencing, Dnmt3a and Trim28, cause increased phenotypic noise
Creators: name: Whitelaw, Nadia
name: Suyinn Chong
name: Morgan, Daniel
name: Nestor, Colm
name: Bruxner, Timothy
name: Ashe, Alyson
name: Lambley, Eleanore
name: Meehan, Richard
name: Whitelaw, Emma
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. List of genes in the MommeD9 linked interval. (DOCX 16 KB)
Parameter Estimation in Adaptive Control of Time-Varying Systems Under a Range of Excitation Conditions
Creators: name: Gaudio, Joseph E.
name: Annaswamy, Anuradha M.
name: Lavretsky, Eugene
name: Bolender, Michael A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This paper presents a new parameter estimation algorithm for the adaptive control of a class of time-varying plants. The main feature of this algorithm is a matrix of time-varying learning rates, which enables parameter estimation error trajectories to tend exponentially fast towards a compact set whenever excitation conditions are satisfied. This algorithm is employed in a large class of problems where unknown parameters are present and are time-varying. It is shown that this algorithm guarantees global boundedness of the state and parameter errors of the system, and avoids an often used filtering approach for constructing key regressor signals. In addition, intervals of time over which these errors tend exponentially fast toward a compact set are provided, both in the presence of finite and persistent excitation. A projection operator is used to ensure the boundedness of the learning rate matrix, as compared to a time-varying forgetting factor. Numerical simulations are provided to complement the theoretical analysis.
description: IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control
MOESM2 of Reduced levels of two modifiers of epigenetic gene silencing, Dnmt3a and Trim28, cause increased phenotypic noise
Creators: name: Whitelaw, Nadia
name: Suyinn Chong
name: Morgan, Daniel
name: Nestor, Colm
name: Bruxner, Timothy
name: Ashe, Alyson
name: Lambley, Eleanore
name: Meehan, Richard
name: Whitelaw, Emma
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Additional file 2: Table S2. Gene expression analysis of Trim28MommeD9/+ mice. (DOCX 25 KB)
Can Mastitis ‘Contaminate’ Poultry? Evidence on the Transmission of Volatility between Poultry and Other Commodity Prices
Creators: name: Nourou, Mohammadou
name: Nourou, Mohammadou
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: International Development
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: poultry
subject: commodity prices
subject: volatility
subject: transmission

description: This paper analyzes the volatility transmission between poultry and other commodity prices. The main question it addresses is as follows: Is there any commonality in the volatility processes of poultry and other agricultural food commodities’ prices? Using standard dispersion indicators to measure the degree of poultry prices volatility and the GARCH-type models to specify poultry international price volatility at time ‘t’ as a function of lagged shocks, we obtain the following results: poultry prices experienced less volatility in recent years relatively to other commodity prices; and the transmission of price volatility from other commodities to poultry prices is rather weak. These results could help to design better risk management tools in agribusiness.
description: The International Food and Agribusiness Management Review is published quarterly by the International Food and Agribusiness Management Association. www.ifama.org
Distributionally Robust Tuning of Anomaly Detectors in Cyber-Physical Systems with Stealthy Attacks
Creators: name: Renganathan, Venkatraman
name: Hashemi, Navid
name: Ruths, Justin
name: Summers, Tyler H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Designing resilient control strategies for mitigating stealthy attacks is a crucial task in emerging cyber-physical systems. In the design of anomaly detectors, it is common to assume Gaussian noise models to maintain tractability; however, this assumption can lead the actual false alarm rate to be significantly higher than expected. We propose a distributionally robust anomaly detector for noise distributions in moment-based ambiguity sets. We design a detection threshold that guarantees that the actual false alarm rate is upper bounded by the desired one by using generalized Chebyshev inequalities. Furthermore, we highlight an important trade-off between the worst-case false alarm rate and the potential impact of a stealthy attacker by efficiently computing an outer ellipsoidal bound for the attack-reachable states corresponding to the distributionally robust detector threshold. We illustrate this trade-off with a numerical example and compare the proposed approach with a traditional chi-squared detector.
MOESM3 of Reduced levels of two modifiers of epigenetic gene silencing, Dnmt3a and Trim28, cause increased phenotypic noise
Creators: name: Whitelaw, Nadia
name: Suyinn Chong
name: Morgan, Daniel
name: Nestor, Colm
name: Bruxner, Timothy
name: Ashe, Alyson
name: Lambley, Eleanore
name: Meehan, Richard
name: Whitelaw, Emma
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Additional file 3: Figure S1. Promoter characteristics of aberrantly expressed genes in Trim28MommeD9/+ mice. Genome-wide expression analysis (Illumina MouseRef-8 v2.0 Expression BeadChip) was performed using RNA from the livers of 4-week-old male Trim28MommeD9/+ individuals (n = 4) and their wild-type littermates (n = 4). Promoter classification analysis was performed on genes classed as upregulated (n = 59) and downregulated (n = 225) by the GenomeStudio Gene Expression Module (Illumina). (a) Promoters were classified as low (LCP), intermediate (ICP) or high (HCP) CpG density. (b) Promoters were classified as having histone 3 lysine 4 trimethylation (K4), histone 3 lysine 27 trimethylation (K27), both marks (K4 + K27) or neither mark. (PDF 47 KB)
Monte-Carlo simulation of nucleation in the two-dimensional Potts model
Creators: name: Rutkevich, S. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nucleation in the two-dimensional q-state Potts model has been studied by means of Monte-Carlo simulations using the heat-bath dynamics. The initial metastable state has been prepared by magnetic quench of the ordered low-temperature phase. The magnetic field dependence of the nucleation time has been measured as the function of the magnetic field for different q and lattice sizes at T=0.5 Tc. A size-dependent crossover from the coalescence to nucleation region is observed at all q. The magnetic field dependence of the nucleation time is roughly described by the classical nucleation theory. Our data show increase of the anisotropy in the shape of the critical droplets with increase of q.
description: 15 pages LaTeX, 10 figures
Quantum M^2 -> 2Lambda/3 discontinuity for massive gravity with a Lambda term
Creators: name: Duff, M. J.
name: Liu, James T.
name: Sati, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a previous paper we showed that the absence of the van Dam-Veltman-Zakharov discontinuity as M^2 -> 0 for massive spin-2 with a Lambda term is an artifact of the tree approximation, and that the discontinuity reappears at one loop, as a result of going from five degrees of freedom to two. In this paper we show that a similar classical continuity but quantum discontinuity arises in the "partially massless" limit M^2 -> 2Lambda/3, as a result of going from five degrees of freedom to four.
description: 8 pages, REVTeX
Stories from the frontline: Policy, practice and the experiences of disability support workers
Creators: name: Taylor, Davina
Publisher: name: CQUniversity
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 111708 Health and Community Services
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 160702 Counselling, Welfare and Community Services
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 111703 Care for Disabled

description: This research explored the experiences of Disability Support Workers (DSWs) supporting people with intellectual disability in supported accommodation in Queensland, Australia. The research also looked at how the experiences and practice of DSWs are influenced by contemporary philosophies and policy. The research was underpinned by social constructivist grounded theory and utilised semi-structured in-depth interviews with ten DSWs. Using constant comparison, three key categories emerged from the data: ‘Self’, ‘Clients’ and ‘Organisations’. ‘Self’ refers to how DSWs feel about the work they do and how their role impacts them in personal ways. The codes associated with ‘Self’ are ‘No better job’, ‘Trapped’, ‘Shift work, Work stress, Burnout’ and ‘Self-care’. The category of ‘Clients’ represents the DSWs experience with the people they support and includes ‘Perceptions of clients’, ‘Supporting clients’ and ‘Challenging behaviour’. The final code, ‘Organisations’, described the DSW experiences from an organisational perspective and includes the codes ‘Administration’, ‘Training’, ‘Management’, ‘Casualisation’ and ‘Colleagues’. The findings show that while every DSW participant was working in similar roles with the same overarching legislation and current disability policy and philosophies, their experiences were all very different. In addition to this, DSWs spoke of their employers coming from a different reality; for example, the need for DSWs to attend compulsory training when the DSWs do not find it relevant to their role or the dichotomy of needing to provide duty of care and client choice and control. Two realities was established as a substantive theory to describe the DSW experience working with people with intellectual disability in supported accommodation in Queensland, Australia. The substantive theory of two realities encapsulates the observation that while every DSW participant was working in similar roles with the same overarching legislation and current disability policy and philosophies, their experiences were all very different. The finding of two realities has significant implications on practice as this finding provides evidence that the experiences of DSWs are remarkably different, which means that DSWs provide varying levels of support to people with intellectual disability. Two realities highlights the issue that what is written as process and procedure is not always what happens in practice
The Poultry Market in Nigeria: Market Structures and Potential for Investment in the Market
Creators: name: Heise, Heinke
name: Crisan, Alexandra
name: Theuvsen, Ludwig
name: Heise, Heinke
name: Crisan, Alexandra
name: Theuvsen, Ludwig
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: International Development
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: market potential
subject: Nigeria
subject: PESTEL analysis
subject: poultry production
subject: SWOT analysis

description: High population growth and growing income lead to increasing demand for poultry products in Nigeria. The poultry industry has emerged as the most commercialized and fastest expanding segment in the animal husbandry subsector but still faces many problems. Private investment from foreign countries could help to facilitate this market. This paper reveals the opportunities and threats of a market entry for private investors based on a PESTEL analysis and a SWOT analysis.
description: The International Food and Agribusiness Management Review is published quarterly by the International Food and Agribusiness Management Association. www.ifama.org
Statistical Guarantee Optimization for AoI in Single-Hop and Two-Hop Systems with Periodic Arrivals
Creators: name: Champati, Jaya Prakash
name: Al-Zubaidy, Hussein
name: Gross, James
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Age of Information (AoI) has proven to be a useful metric in networked systems where timely information updates are of importance. In the literature, minimizing "average age" has received considerable attention. However, various applications pose stricter age requirements on the updates which demand knowledge of the AoI distribution. Furthermore, the analysis of AoI distribution in a multi-hop setting, which is important for the study of Wireless Networked Control Systems (WNCS), has not been addressed before. Toward this end, we study the distribution of AoI in a WNCS with two hops and devise a problem of minimizing the tail of the AoI distribution with respect to the frequency of generating information updates, i.e., the sampling rate of monitoring a process, under first-come-first-serve (FCFS) queuing discipline. We argue that computing an exact expression for the AoI distribution may not always be feasible; therefore, we opt for computing upper bounds on the tail of the AoI distribution. Using these upper bounds we formulate Upper Bound Minimization Problems (UBMP), namely, Chernoff-UBMP and alpha-relaxed Upper BoundMinimization Problem (alpha-UBMP), where alpha > 1 is an approximation factor, and solve them to obtain "good" heuristic rate solutions. We demonstrate the efficacy of our approach by solving the proposed UBMPs for three service distributions: geometric, exponential, and Erlang. Simulation results show that the rate solutions obtained are near-optimal for minimizing the tail of the AoI distribution for the considered distributions.
description: Published in IEEE Transactions on Communications. This is an extension to the following workshop paper for two-hop and N-hop scenarios. J. P. Champati, H. Al-Zubaidy, and J. Gross, "Statistical guarantee optimization for age of information for the DG1 queue", in Proc. IEEE INFOCOM Workshops, April 2018, pp. 130-135
Theory of magnetotunneling spectroscopy in spin triplet p-wave superconductors
Creators: name: Tanaka, Y.
name: Tanuma, Y.
name: Kuroki, K.
name: Kashiwaya, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the influence of a magnetic field $H$ on the zero-bias conductance peak (ZBCP) due to zero-energy Andreev bound state (ZES) in normal metal / unconventional superconductor. For p-wave junctions, ZBCP does not split into two by $H$ even for sufficiently low transparent junctions, where ZBCP clearly splits for d-wave. This unique property originates from the fact that for p-wave superconductors, perpendicularly injected quasiparticle form ZES, which contribute most dominantly on the tunneling conductance. In addition, we show that for $p_{x}$+i$p_{y}$-wave superconductor junctions, the height of ZBCP is sensitive to $H$ due to the formation of broken time reversal symmetry state. We propose that tunneling spectroscopy in the presence of magnetic field, $i.e.$, $magnetotunneling$, is an promising method to determine the pairing symmetry of unconventional superconductors.
description: 4 pages, 6 figures, using jpsj2.cls
Commit2Vec: Learning Distributed Representations of Code Changes
Creators: name: Lozoya, Rocìo Cabrera
name: Baumann, Arnaud
name: Sabetta, Antonino
name: Bezzi, Michele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Deep learning methods, which have found successful applications in fields like image classification and natural language processing, have recently been applied to source code analysis too, due to the enormous amount of freely available source code (e.g., from open-source software repositories). In this work, we elaborate upon a state-of-the-art approach to the representation of source code that uses information about its syntactic structure, and we adapt it to represent source changes (i.e., commits). We use this representation to classify security-relevant commits. Because our method uses transfer learning (that is, we train a network on a "pretext task" for which abundant labeled data is available, and then we use such network for the target task of commit classification, for which fewer labeled instances are available), we studied the impact of pre-training the network using two different pretext tasks versus a randomly initialized model. Our results indicate that representations that leverage the structural information obtained through code syntax outperform token-based representations. Furthermore, the performance metrics obtained when pre-training on a loosely related pretext task with a very large dataset ($>10^6$ samples) were surpassed when pretraining on a smaller dataset ($>10^4$ samples) but for a pretext task that is more closely related to the target task.
description: A previous version of this paper had the following title: "patch2vec: Distributed Representation of Code Changes"; we updated the title to distinguish it from another pre-existing approach with the same name. An improved version of this work appeared in Springer Nature Computer Science, 2021 (https://doi.org/10.1007/s42979-021-00566-z)
HPAI Impact on EU-27’s Import Demand for Cooked and Uncooked Poultry and Other Meats
Creators: name: Taha, Fawzi A.
name: Hahn, William F.
name: Taha, Fawzi A.
name: Hahn, William F.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Production Economics
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: CBS model
subject: Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI)
subject: meat import demand system
subject: cooked poultry
subject: uncooked poultry
subject: structural change
subject: EU27

description: The article applied a Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS) differential model to evaluate the impact of HPAI (H5N1) virus outbreaks on EU-27’s import demand for five meat products: cooked poultry, uncooked poultry, beef, pork, and other meats. One novel feature of this work is the division of poultry into two distinct import products—cooked (safe) and uncooked (less safe). Analysis shows that HPAI (H5N1) outbreaks had statistically significant impacts on EU27 import demand for meats, increasing cooked poultry and decreasing uncooked poultry, beef, pork, and other meats. The shift in import demand regime was permanent and statistically significant, making cooked poultry imports EU27’s largest, averaging more than 50 percent of EU imports in 2013 and 2014.
description: The International Food and Agribusiness Management Review is published quarterly by the International Food and Agribusiness Management Association. www.ifama.org
To Have or Not to Have the Common External Tariff: The CARICOM Countries Conundrum
Creators: name: Walters, Lurleen M.
name: Harvey, David
name: Jones, Keithly G.
name: Walters, Lurleen M.
name: Harvey, David
name: Jones, Keithly G.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: Caribbean Community (CARICOM)
subject: Central Bureau Statistics demand system
subject: poultry import demand
subject: price elasticity
subject: Common External Tariff (CET)

description: This study utilizes a source-based demand systems model to estimate demand for imported poultry products in the Caribbean Community (CARICOM), and to evaluate the impact that modifications of the Common External Tariff (CET) would have on the demand for poultry products from the United States, Brazil, Canada and the European Union. Own price elasticities suggest that CARICOM’s poultry import demand is highly price responsive in both the short run and the long run, and that any significant increases in imported poultry prices could be expected to trigger greater than proportional decreases in quantities demanded from all source countries except Brazil. Results also suggest that if the CET were removed, all source countries would be able to expand poultry product exports into CARICOM. Canada is the only country that would decrease exports to CARICOM in the long run if the CET were removed. Poultry exports to the region from most source countries would contract with a doubling of the CET to 80%, in both the short run and the long run.
description: The International Food and Agribusiness Management Review is published quarterly by the International Food and Agribusiness Management Association. www.ifama.org
Bi-partite mode entanglement of bosonic condensates on tunneling graph
Creators: name: Zanardi, Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a set of $L$ spatial bosonic modes localized on a graph $Γ.$ The particles are allowed to tunnel from vertex to vertex by hopping along the edges of $Γ.$ We analyze how, in the exact many-body eigenstates of the system i.e., Bose-Einstein condensates over single-particle eigenfunctions, the bi-partite quantum entanglement of a lattice vertex with respect to the rest of the graph depends on the topology of $Γ.$
description: 3 Pages LaTeX, 2 Figures included
Understanding Deep Learning defenses Against Adversarial Examples Through Visualizations for Dynamic Risk Assessment
Creators: name: Echeberria-Barrio, Xabier
name: Gil-Lerchundi, Amaia
name: Egana-Zubia, Jon
name: Orduna-Urrutia, Raul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In recent years, Deep Neural Network models have been developed in different fields, where they have brought many advances. However, they have also started to be used in tasks where risk is critical. A misdiagnosis of these models can lead to serious accidents or even death. This concern has led to an interest among researchers to study possible attacks on these models, discovering a long list of vulnerabilities, from which every model should be defended. The adversarial example attack is a widely known attack among researchers, who have developed several defenses to avoid such a threat. However, these defenses are as opaque as a deep neural network model, how they work is still unknown. This is why visualizing how they change the behavior of the target model is interesting in order to understand more precisely how the performance of the defended model is being modified. For this work, some defenses, against adversarial example attack, have been selected in order to visualize the behavior modification of each of them in the defended model. Adversarial training, dimensionality reduction and prediction similarity were the selected defenses, which have been developed using a model composed by convolution neural network layers and dense neural network layers. In each defense, the behavior of the original model has been compared with the behavior of the defended model, representing the target model by a graph in a visualization.
Brazil’s Broiler Industry: Increasing Efficiency and Trade
Creators: name: Valdes, Constanza
name: Hallahan, Charlie
name: Harvey, David
name: Valdes, Constanza
name: Hallahan, Charlie
name: Harvey, David
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Production Economics
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: Public Economics
subject: Brazil
subject: broilers
subject: production
subject: technical efficiency
subject: trade

description: Brazil’s broiler industry growth over the past fifteen years has led the country to become one of the world’s leaders in the industry. Between 1999 and 2014 Brazil’s broiler production increased from 5.5 million tons to 12.7 million tons, or 130 percent, propelling the country to become the world’s third largest producer after the United States and China. Exports have increased fivefold since 1999 with Brazil, in recent years, overtaking the United States as the world's largest chicken meat exporter. The very rapid and successful vertical integration in the poultry industry in Brazil has led to productivity growth, efficiency gains from vertical coordination, and lower production costs. We examine the costs, returns, and profitability of commercial broiler production in Brazil taking into account the country’s regional diversity in production, the size of operations, and the type of technology used.
description: The International Food and Agribusiness Management Review is published quarterly by the International Food and Agribusiness Management Association. www.ifama.org
of Reduced levels of two modifiers of epigenetic gene silencing, Dnmt3a and Trim28, cause increased phenotypic noise
Creators: name: Whitelaw, Nadia
name: Suyinn Chong
name: Morgan, Daniel
name: Nestor, Colm
name: Bruxner, Timothy
name: Ashe, Alyson
name: Lambley, Eleanore
name: Meehan, Richard
name: Whitelaw, Emma
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: of Reduced levels of two modifiers of epigenetic gene silencing, Dnmt3a and Trim28, cause increased phenotypic noise
BUFPER STOCK SCHEMES TO SUPPORT PRODUCERS, INCOME IN BANGLADESH
Creators: name: Akter, Shaheen
name: Akter, Shaheen
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1989
Subjects: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: This study demonstrates government buffer stock schemes under alternative price and behavioural assumptions to identify the impact of these schemes on household net income from paddy marketing. Both net sellers and net buyers benefit from a buffer stock scheme with either a constant mean price or a modestly increasing price over the paddy season. Nonproducing consumers also benefit slightly from these policies. Government expenditure is higher if the policy price Is fixed at a higher level, and if an attempt is made to stabilise the prize completely over the season.
Simulations of linear polarization of precessing AGN jets at parsec scales
Creators: name: Todorov, R. V.
name: Kravchenko, E. V.
name: Pashchenko, I. N.
name: Pushkarev, A. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The latest results of the most detailed analysis of multi-epoch polarization-sensitive observations of active galactic nuclei (AGN) jets at parsecs scales by very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) reveal several characteristic patterns of linear polarization distribution and its variability (Pushkarev et al., 2023; Zobnina et al., 2023). Some of the observed profiles can be reproduced by a simple model of a jet threaded by a helical magnetic field. However, none of the models presented to date can explain the observed polarization profiles with an increase in its degree towards the edges of the jet, and accompanied by a 'fountain' type electric vector pattern and its high temporal variability in the center. Based on simulations of the VLBI observations of relativistic jets, we show here that the observed transverse linear polarization profiles, atypical for the simple magnetic field models can be naturally produced assuming the finite resolution of VLBI arrays and precession of a jet on ten-years scales, observational indications of which are found in an increasing number of AGN. In our simulations, we qualitatively reproduce the distribution of the electric vector and its variability, though the polarization images are characterized by a bright spine due to weak smearing, which is poorly consistent with observations. More effective depolarization can be obtained in models with the suppressed emission of the jet spine.
description: This is an authors translation of the original paper, 13 pages, 5 figures
TauREx III: A fast, dynamic and extendable framework for retrievals
Creators: name: Al-Refaie, Ahmed F.
name: Changeat, Quentin
name: Waldmann, Ingo P.
name: Tinetti, Giovanna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: TauREx 3 is the next generation of the TauREx exoplanet atmospheric retrieval framework for Windows, Mac, and Linux. It is a complete rewrite with a full Python stack that makes it easy-to-use, high-performance, dynamic, and flexible. The new main TauREx program is built with modularity in mind, allowing the user to augment its functionalities with custom code and efficiently perform retrievals on custom parameters. We achieve this result by dynamic determination of fitting parameters, whereby TauREx 3 can detect new parameters for retrieval from user code through a simple interface. TauREx 3 can act as a library with a simple 'import taurex' command, providing a rich set of classes and functions related to atmospheric modelling. A 10x speedup in forward model computations is achieved as compared to the previous version with a sixfold reduction in retrieval times while maintaining robust results. TauREx 3 is intended as a standalone, all-in-one package for retrievals while the TauREx 3 Python library can build or augment a user's custom data pipeline easily.
Syntactic Cut-Elimination for Intuitionistic Fuzzy Logic via Linear Nested Sequents
Creators: name: Lyon, Tim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper employs the linear nested sequent framework to design a new cut-free calculus LNIF for intuitionistic fuzzy logic--the first-order Gödel logic characterized by linear relational frames with constant domains. Linear nested sequents--which are nested sequents restricted to linear structures--prove to be a well-suited proof-theoretic formalism for intuitionistic fuzzy logic. We show that the calculus LNIF possesses highly desirable proof-theoretic properties such as invertibility of all rules, admissibility of structural rules, and syntactic cut-elimination.
description: Appended version of the paper "Syntactic Cut-Elimination for Intuitionistic Fuzzy Logic via Linear Nested Sequents", accepted to the International Symposium on Logical Foundations of Computer Science (LFCS 2020)
A simple model for the kinetics of packaging of DNA in to a capsid against an external force
Creators: name: Santo, K. P.
name: Sebastian, K. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Quantitative Biology (q-bio)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We propose a simple model for the kinetics of packaging of viral DNA in to a capsid against an external force trying to prevent it. The model leads to a Butler-Volmer type dependence of the rate of packaging on the pulling force F.
AN ASSESSMENT OF THE QUALITY OF LIVESTOCK STATISTICS IN BANGLADESH
Creators: name: Jabber, M. A.
name: Jabber, M. A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1989
Subjects: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: The accuracy of available livestock data for the period 1960-85 have been assessed by examining the rationality of various assumptions under which such data were generated. The review shows that the aggregate data on livestock population and products have been generated under a set of inconsistent and often unrealistic assumptions with respect to calving, mortality, slaughter rates, import and consumption of livestock products. It Is suggested that available micro-level research and survey results should be used to formulate assumptions for generating macro data. Potential new research areas are also suggested.
MOESM10 of Reduced levels of two modifiers of epigenetic gene silencing, Dnmt3a and Trim28, cause increased phenotypic noise
Creators: name: Whitelaw, Nadia
name: Suyinn Chong
name: Morgan, Daniel
name: Nestor, Colm
name: Bruxner, Timothy
name: Ashe, Alyson
name: Lambley, Eleanore
name: Meehan, Richard
name: Whitelaw, Emma
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Authorsâ original file for figure 6
The Two-sided Jet Structures of NGC 1052 at Scales from 300 to $4 \times 10^7$ Schwarzschild Radii
Creators: name: Nakahara, Satomi
name: Doi, Akihiro
name: Murata, Yasuhiro
name: Nakamura, Masanori
name: Hada, Kazuhiro
name: Asada, Keiichi
name: Sawada-Satoh, Satoko
name: Kameno, Seiji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigated the jet width profile with distance along the jet in the nearby radio galaxy NGC 1052 at radial distances between $\sim300$ to $4 \times 10^7$ Schwarzschild Radii($R_{\rm S}$) from the central engine on both their approaching and receding jet sides. The width of jets was measured in images obtained with the VLBI Space Observatory Programme (VSOP), the Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA), and the Very Large Array (VLA). The jet-width profile of receding jets are apparently consistent with that of approaching jets throughout the measuring distance ranges, indicating symmetry at least up to the sphere of gravitational influence of the central black hole. The power-law index $a$ of the jet-width profile ($w_{\rm{jet}} \propto r^{a}$, where $w_{\rm jet}$ is the jet width, $r$ is the distance from the central engine in the unit of $R_{\rm S}$) apparently shows a transition from $a \sim 0$ to $a \sim 1$, i.e., the cylindrical-to-conical jet structures, at a distance of $\sim1\times10^{4} \ R_{\mathrm{S}}$. The cylindrical jet shape at the small distances is reminiscent of the innermost jets in 3C 84. Both the central engines of NGC 1052 and 3C 84 are surrounded by dense material, part of which is ionized and causes heavy free-free absorption.
description: 8 figures, 2 tables, accepted for publication in AJ
Gauge theories of spacetime symmetries
Creators: name: Brandt, Friedemann
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gauge theories of conformal spacetime symmetries are presented which merge features of Yang-Mills theory and general relativity in a new way. The models are local but nonpolynomial in the gauge fields, with a nonpolynomial structure that can be elegantly written in terms of a metric (or vielbein) composed of the gauge fields. General relativity itself emerges from the construction as a gauge theory of spacetime translations. The role of the models within a general classification of consistent interactions of gauge fields is discussed as well.
description: 8 pages, revtex; v2: minor improvements of text and formulas; v3: typo in formula after eq. (35) corrected
Dark Matter Bound State Formation in Fermionic $Z_2$ DM model with Light Dark Photon and Dark Higgs Boson
Creators: name: Ko, Pyungwon
name: Matsui, Toshinori
name: Tang, Yi-Lei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: If fermionic dark matter (DM) is stabilized by dark $U(1)$ gauge symmetry that is spontaneously broken into its subgroup $Z_2$, the particle contents of the model becomes very rich: DM and excited DM, both of them are Majorana fermions, as well as two dark force mediators, dark photon and dark Higgs boson are naturally present due to the underlying dark gauge symmetry. In this paper, we study the DM bound state formation processes within this scenario, assuming both dark photon and dark Higgs are light mediators and including the effects of excited DM. The Goldstone boson contributions to the potential matrix in the Schrödinger equations are found to be important. The emissions of a longitudinal vector boson (or somehow equivalently a Goldstone boson) during the DM bound state formations are crucial to induce a significant reannihilation process, reducing the dark matter relic abundance. Most of the stringent constraints for this kind of dark matter considered in the literature are simply evaded.
NeuralSentinel: Safeguarding Neural Network Reliability and Trustworthiness
Creators: name: Echeberria-Barrio, Xabier
name: Gorricho, Mikel
name: Valencia, Selene
name: Zola, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The usage of Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems has increased exponentially, thanks to their ability to reduce the amount of data to be analyzed, the user efforts and preserving a high rate of accuracy. However, introducing this new element in the loop has converted them into attacked points that can compromise the reliability of the systems. This new scenario has raised crucial challenges regarding the reliability and trustworthiness of the AI models, as well as about the uncertainties in their response decisions, becoming even more crucial when applied in critical domains such as healthcare, chemical, electrical plants, etc. To contain these issues, in this paper, we present NeuralSentinel (NS), a tool able to validate the reliability and trustworthiness of AI models. This tool combines attack and defence strategies and explainability concepts to stress an AI model and help non-expert staff increase their confidence in this new system by understanding the model decisions. NS provide a simple and easy-to-use interface for helping humans in the loop dealing with all the needed information. This tool was deployed and used in a Hackathon event to evaluate the reliability of a skin cancer image detector. During the event, experts and non-experts attacked and defended the detector, learning which factors were the most important for model misclassification and which techniques were the most efficient. The event was also used to detect NS's limitations and gather feedback for further improvements.
DECLINING RETURNS FROM GROUND WATER IRRIGATION IN BANGLA DESH
Creators: name: Mandal, M. A. S.
name: Mandal, M. A. S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1989
Subjects: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: This paper presents an analysis of returns from major groundwater irrigation technologies-deep tubewells and shallow tubewells-on the basis of a number of recent studies conducted in different areas of Bangladesh. The inter-year comparisons revealed that the returns of tubewell owners/managers as well as water users from irrigated HYV paddy production have significantly declined over the years, and the current level of returns are too low to provide incentives for improving performance of Irrigation or production. The major factors associated with the decline in returns from irrigation appeared to be a decline in yields, an increase in production costs and operation and maintenance costs, and very low harvest prices of paddy. Some areas of government interventions are suggested.
GRAMEEN BANK BORROWER VIABILITY: FINDINGS FROM FIELD SURVEYS
Creators: name: Chowdhury, Monayem
name: Chowdhury, Monayem
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1989
Subjects: Financial Economics

description: Bangladesh Bank and Mahabub Hossain survey of Grameen Bank borrowers is examined. It is observed that the borrowers have gained substantially in Income following the use of credit. Income gain, however, is not sufficient to repay credit under the stipulated terms.