cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Takagi-Taupin Description of X-ray Dynamical Diffraction from Diffractive Optics with Large Numerical Aperture
Creators: name: Yan, Hanfei
name: Maser, Jorg
name: Macrander, Albert
name: Shen, Qun
name: Vogt, Stefan
name: Stephenson, Brian
name: Kang, Hyon Chol
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a formalism of x-ray dynamical diffraction from volume diffractive optics with large numerical aperture and high aspect ratio, in an analogy to the Takagi-Taupin equations for strained single crystals. We derive a set of basic equations for dynamical diffraction from volume diffractive optics, which enable us to study the focusing property of these optics with various grating profiles. We study volume diffractive optics that satisfy the Bragg condition to various degrees, namely flat, tilted and wedged geometries, and derive the curved geometries required for ultimate focusing. We show that the curved geometries satisfy the Bragg condition everywhere and phase requirement for point focusing, and effectively focus hard x-rays to a scale close to the wavelength.
description: 18 pages, 12 figures
Additional file 1 of Maternal education and equity in breastfeeding: trends and patterns in 81 low- and middle-income countries between 2000 and 2019
Creators: name: Neves, Paulo A. R.
name: Aluisio J. D. Barros
name: Gatica-Domínguez, Giovanna
name: Vaz, Juliana S.
name: Baker, Phillip
name: Lutter, Chessa K.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Countries and surveys included in the trend and inequalities analyses by mother’s formal education level. Source: Demographic Health Survey and Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey, 1993–2019. Table S2. Percentage of children who were put to breast within 1 h after birth and of children exclusively breastfed under 6 months by mother’s formal education level. Source: Demographic Health Survey and Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey. Table S3. Percentage of children at 1 and 2 years of age who were fed breastmilk by mother’s formal education level. Source: DHS and MICS. Table S4. Percentage of children under 6 months and between 6 and 23 months of age who were fed formula by mother’s formal education level. Source: Demographic Health Survey and Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey. Table S5. Annual changes in the prevalence of breast milk and formula consumption indicators by mother’s formal education level according to the regions of the world. Source: Demographic Health Survey and Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey. Table S6. Annual changes in the prevalence of breast milk and formula consumption indicators by mother’s formal education level according to the World Bank income groups. Source: Demographic Health Survey and Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey. Table S7. Average weighted prevalence of breast milk and formula consumption indicators by mother’s formal education level according to income groups*. Table S8. Average weighted prevalence of breast milk and formula consumption indicators by mother’s formal education level according to regions of the world*. Table S9. Annual changes in the prevalence of breast milk and formula consumption indicators by mother’s formal education level for selected countries. Source: Demographic Health Survey and Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey.
Rank-based inference for bivariate extreme-value copulas
Creators: name: Genest, Christian
name: Segers, Johan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 62G05, 62G32 (Primary) 62G20 (Secondary)

description: Consider a continuous random pair $(X,Y)$ whose dependence is characterized by an extreme-value copula with Pickands dependence function $A$. When the marginal distributions of $X$ and $Y$ are known, several consistent estimators of $A$ are available. Most of them are variants of the estimators due to Pickands [Bull. Inst. Internat. Statist. 49 (1981) 859--878] and Capéraà, Fougères and Genest [Biometrika 84 (1997) 567--577]. In this paper, rank-based versions of these estimators are proposed for the more common case where the margins of $X$ and $Y$ are unknown. Results on the limit behavior of a class of weighted bivariate empirical processes are used to show the consistency and asymptotic normality of these rank-based estimators. Their finite- and large-sample performance is then compared to that of their known-margin analogues, as well as with endpoint-corrected versions thereof. Explicit formulas and consistent estimates for their asymptotic variances are also given.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/08-AOS672 the Annals of Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aos/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Retrieving information from a noisy "knowledge network"
Creators: name: Barre, Julien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We address the problem of retrieving information from a noisy version of the ``knowledge networks'' introduced by Maslov and Zhang. We map this problem onto a disordered statistical mechanics model, which opens the door to many analytical and numerical approaches. We give the replica symmetric solution, compare with numerical simulations, and finally discuss an application to real datas from the United States Senate.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures. Writing of the last section improved; version accepted in JSTAT
Microscopic studies of solid 4He with Path Integral Projector Monte Carlo
Creators: name: Rossi, M.
name: Rota, R.
name: Vitali, E.
name: Galli, D. E.
name: Reatto, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have investigated the ground state properties of solid $^4$He with the Shadow Path Integral Ground State method. This exact T=0 K projector method allows to describes quantum solids without introducing any a priori equilibrium position. We have found that the efficiency in computing off-diagonal properties in the solid phase sensibly improves when the direct sampling of permutations, in principle not required, is introduced. We have computed the exact one-body density matrix (obdm) in large commensurate 4He crystal finding a decreasing condensate fraction with increasing imaginary time of projection, making our result not conclusive on the presence of Bose-Einstein condensation in bulk solid 4He. We can only give an upper bound of 2.5 times 10^-8 on the condensate fraction. We have exploited the SPIGS method to study also 4He crystal containing grain boundaries by computing the related surface energy and the obdm along these defects. We have found that also highly symmetrical grain boundaries have a finite condensate fraction. We have also derived a route for the estimation of the true equilibrium concentration of vacancies x_v in bulk T=0 K solid 4He, which is shown to be finite, x_v=0.0014(1) at the melting density, when computed with the variational shadow wave function technique.
description: Submitted to Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Recent Progress in Many Body Theories (RPMBT14)
Estereotipos de género en la Red. Análisis de las conversaciones internacionales sobre la sociedad digital dentro del proyecto Horizon2020 "WYRED: netWorked Youth Research for Empowerment in the Digital society"
Creators: name: Sánchez Santos, N.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Estereotipos de género, Interntet, WYRED, cualitativo

description: TRABAJO DE FIN DE MÁSTER EN “LAS TIC EN EDUCACIÓN” (curso 2018 - 2019)
The role of olefins in fouling of heat exchangers
Creators: name: Asomaning, Samuel
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Chemical reaction fouling is one of several categories of fouling of heat exchangers. It is encountered mostly in petroleum, petrochemical, and food processing industries, where it results in severe economic penalties. Olefins have been associated with fouling during heating of organic mixtures, and gum formation during storage and use of hydrocarbon fuels. In this work, thermal fouling studies are reported for a number of olefins, present at 10 % wt. in kerosene, undergoing sensible heating in the liquid phase at relatively high heat fluxes. Experimental work was done on an available fouling rig consisting of an annular probe and a coiled wire probe mounted in parallel. The annular probe with its heated central core operated in turbulent flow whilst the coiled wire, with flow normal to it, was in the laminar flow regime. Runs were conducted both under oxygenated (air-saturated) and deoxygenated conditions. The range of bulk temperatures was from 70 - 85 ℃, the initial wall temperatures were 180 - 205 °C, with a system pressure of 410 kPa (abs.). The range of heat fluxes was 150 - 350 kW/m². Only minor differences were noted between the extent or rate of fouling on the two different probes. Runs at heat fluxes below 180 kW/m² and bulk temperatures below 80 °C generally showed no measurable fouling with any of the olefins tested. Linear and falling rate fouling curves were observed at more severe conditions over 45 hours of typical runs. Under air saturated conditions, straight chain terminal olefins of C₈ - C₉ showed little or no measurable fouling. The longer chain length hexadecane-1, showed a significant increase in fouling. Moderate fouling was observed for 4-vinylcyclohexene. The cyclic olefins, dicyclopentadiene and indene, yielded the greatest R[formula omitted] values, being about 30 - 50 times those of the straight chain terminal olefins. Under deoxygenated conditions, typical R[formula omitted] values were a factor of about 30 below the corresponding values for air saturated conditions. R[formula omitted] generally increased with increasing heat flux. Where the antioxidant initially present in the olefin was not removed before use, very little fouling occurred. The effects of deoxygenation, heat flux and species effects are discussed and a probable fouling mechanism involving formation of polymeric peroxides by autoxidation of the olefins suggested. The fouling rates over the linear portions of the fouling curves have been calculated and the deposit thermal conductivity based on the maximum fouling resistance and deposit thickness have been estimated. Analyses of selected deposits have been presented and compared with both theoretical calculations for the expected polymeric peroxides and values in the literature.
title: A comparison of the effects of decommissioning, catch quotas and mesh regulation in restoring a depleted fishery.
Creators: name: Hillis, J. Paul
name: Wiium, Vilhjalmur
Publisher: name: National University of Ireland, Galway
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Economics
subject: Fisheries management
subject: Decommissiolling.
subject: Catch quotas
subject: Mesh size regulation
subject: Irish Sea
subject: Nephrops

description: Possible means of rehabilitating the manY depleted fisheries in European waters now form a topic of great interest and relevance. This paper uses bioeconomic analysis to predict returns for the Irish Sea Nephrops fishery from rationalisation through three types of management regulations. These regulation measures are (a) decommissioning. i.e., reducing fleet size, (b) catch quotas while maintaining fleet size, and (c) mesh size regulation. The analysis clearly demonstrates the gains to be obtained from rationalising the Nephrops fishery. In addition. socio-economic implications of performance of the fisheries compared to potential profitability is extremely poor. Substantially improved returns would result frmn strong management control. However, trying to preserve social equity, while theoretically possible, would necessitate complicated cunstraints to the operation of the management system.
Exact renormalisation group flow for ultracold Fermi gases in unitary limit
Creators: name: Krippa, Boris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the exact renormalisation group flow for ultracold Fermi-gases in unitary regime. We introduce a pairing field to describe the formation of the Cooper pairs, and take a simple ansatz for the effective action. Set of approximate flow equations for the effective couplings including boson and fermionic fluctuations is derived. At some value of the running scale, the system undergoes a phase transition to a gapped phase. The values of the energy density, chemical potential, pairing gap and the corresponding proportionality constants relating the interacting and non-interacting Fermi gases are calculated. Standard mean field results are recovered if we omit the boson loops.
description: 11 pages, Revtex, misprints corrected, references and comments added
Additional file 2 of Maternal education and equity in breastfeeding: trends and patterns in 81 low- and middle-income countries between 2000 and 2019
Creators: name: Neves, Paulo A. R.
name: Aluisio J. D. Barros
name: Gatica-Domínguez, Giovanna
name: Vaz, Juliana S.
name: Baker, Phillip
name: Lutter, Chessa K.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 2: Figure S1. Average absolute annual changes in breast milk and formula consumption indicators by income groups. Figure S2. Trends over the 20-years period in breast milk and formula consumption indicators by income groups. Figure S3. Trends over the 20-years period in breast milk and formula consumption indicators by regions of the world. Figure S4. Average absolute annual changes in breast milk and formula consumption indicators for selected countries. Figure S5. Per capita sales of standard (0–5 months), follow-on (6–12 months), and growing-up (13–36 months) formula from Euromonitor International for selected countries. Figure S6. Changes over the 18-year period in (A) literacy rate for women 15 years or above and (B) school enrollment in primary education for girls.
Collinear improvement of the BFKL kernel in the electroproduction of two light vector mesons
Creators: name: Caporale, Francesco
name: Papa, Alessandro
name: Vera, Agustin Sabio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The use of the BFKL kernel improved by the inclusion of subleading terms generated by renormalization group (RG) analysis has been suggested to cure the instabilities in the behavior of the BFKL Green's function in the next-to-leading approximation (NLA). We test the performance of a RG-improved kernel in the determination of the amplitude of a physical process, the electroproduction of two light vector mesons, in the BFKL approach in the NLA. We find that a smooth behavior of the amplitude with the center-of-mass energy can be achieved, setting the renormalization and energy scales appearing in the subleading terms to values much closer to the kinematical scales of the process than in the approaches based on the unimproved kernel.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures, uses axodraw.sty; four references added; version published on Eur. Phys. J. C
title: Current Account Deficit Sustainability: A Panel Approach
Creators: name: Fountas, Stilianos
Publisher: name: National University of Ireland, Galway
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Current account deficits
subject: Sustainability
subject: Panel cointegration
subject: Asian economies
subject: Economics

description: In this paper we attempt to examine the issue of sustainability of current account imbalances in eight East Asia countries using the latest developments in nonstationary panel data analysis. The methods of nonstationary time series panels provide a much more promising explanation than would an analysis based on pure time series or cross section data. The empirical results clearly indicate that the current account imbalances were not on the long-run steady state in the pre-crisis era (1970-1997). This leads to the conclusion that the current accounts of Asia-8 during this period were unstable and did not move towards external account equilibrium. However, strong comovements between exports and imports are found in the extended sample period that includes the post-crisis period (1970-2000). This result implies that large currency depreciations and the economic recovery have brought the Asia-8 economies back on a sustainable path. Thus, current account imbalances may be used as an indicator (or warning signal) in predicting future crises.
Cyclone scale-up and radial gas concentration profiles
Creators: name: Engman, Randy W.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: A two part study was undertaken to explain the performance of cyclones operated in circulating fluidized bed combustion (CFBC) systems. In the first part, collection efficiency tests were performed on a one-ninth scale polyacrylic cyclone model of the industrial scale cyclone at the 22 MWe CFBC facility at Chatham, New Brunswick. Emphasis was placed on scale-up considerations, loading effects, inlet geometry effects, and flow visualization trials. Experiments were performed at room temperature with inlet velocities between 3.7 and 5.5 m/s, solids loading between 0.05 and 7.5 mass solids/mass air with two different solids systems. There was disappointing agreement between the results from the Chatham unit, scaled according to Stokes Number scaling, and the findings obtained from the cold model unit. There was a minimum in the particle collection efficiency for particles of diameter 2.5 to 3.0 µm, apparently associated with agglomeration effects in the cyclone. Particle collection efficiency was found to increase with increased particle loading for the conditions studied. Changes in the inlet geometry gave inconclusive results. The experimental results were limited by problems associated with feeding and recycling the fines solids system used. In the second part radial gas concentration profiles of a secondary cyclone serving the UBC pilot scale Circulating Fluidized Bed Combustor were performed at temperatures of about 870 ℃. Concentrations of O₂ , CO₂ , NO[formula omitted] , CH₄ , CO and SO₂ were measured. An increase in [CO], and to a lesser extent [CO₂], was measured near the cyclone wall. There appeared to be little radial variation in the concentration of other species. Further work is required to allow the cold model to operate continuously, with particles which can be fed more freely, and to obtain radial gas concentration profiles within the primary cyclone of the UBC CFBC system.
Dirichlet sigma models and mean curvature flow
Creators: name: Bakas, I.
name: Sourdis, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The mean curvature flow describes the parabolic deformation of embedded branes in Riemannian geometry driven by their extrinsic mean curvature vector, which is typically associated to surface tension forces. It is the gradient flow of the area functional, and, as such, it is naturally identified with the boundary renormalization group equation of Dirichlet sigma models away from conformality, to lowest order in perturbation theory. D-branes appear as fixed points of this flow having conformally invariant boundary conditions. Simple running solutions include the paper-clip and the hair-pin (or grim-reaper) models on the plane, as well as scaling solutions associated to rational (p, q) closed curves and the decay of two intersecting lines. Stability analysis is performed in several cases while searching for transitions among different brane configurations. The combination of Ricci with the mean curvature flow is examined in detail together with several explicit examples of deforming curves on curved backgrounds. Some general aspects of the mean curvature flow in higher dimensional ambient spaces are also discussed and obtain consistent truncations to lower dimensional systems. Selected physical applications are mentioned in the text, including tachyon condensation in open string theory and the resistive diffusion of force-free fields in magneto-hydrodynamics.
description: 77 pages, 21 figures
Additional file 1 of Ruptured mediastinal mature teratoma causing severe mediastinitis: report of a surgically resected case and a literature review
Creators: name: Nakajima, Eri
name: Kudo, Yujin
name: Sachio Maehara
name: Furumoto, Hideyuki
name: Matsubayashi, Jun
name: Shimada, Yoshihisa
name: Hagiwara, Masaru
name: Toshitaka Nagao
name: Ohira, Tatsuo
name: Norihiko Ikeda
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. The following articles of Supplementary data were summarized in Table 1 to investigate the characteristics of ruptured mediastinal teratomas, including types of teratoma, treatment strategies, and timing of surgical intervention (1-46).
Parametric Nonholonomic Frame Transforms and Exact Solutions in Gravity
Creators: name: Vacaru, Sergiu I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A generalized geometric method is developed for constructing exact solutions of gravitational field equations in Einstein theory and generalizations. First, we apply the formalism of nonholonomic frame deformations (formally considered for nonholonomic manifolds and Finsler spaces) when the gravitational field equations transform into systems of nonlinear partial differential equations which can be integrated in general form. The new classes of solutions are defined by generic off-diagonal metrics depending on integration functions on one, two and three (or three and four) variables if we consider four (or five) dimensional spacetimes. Second, we use a general scheme when one (two) parameter families of exact solutions are defined by any source-free solutions of Einstein's equations with one (two) Killing vector field(s). A successive iteration procedure results in new classes of solutions characterized by an infinite number of parameters for a non-Abelian group involving arbitrary functions on one variable. Five classes of exact off-diagonal solutions are constructed in vacuum Einstein and in string gravity describing solitonic pp-wave interactions. We explore possible physical consequences of such solutions derived from primary Schwarzschild or pp-wave metrics.
description: a latex 2e [11pt] variant corresponding to proofs for IJMMP, 54 pages
title: New fields of employment: problems and possibilities in local and community economic development
Creators: name: Keane, Michael J.
Publisher: name: National University of Ireland, Galway
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Economics
subject: Social economy
subject: Community initiatives
subject: Employment and the long-term unemployed

description: There has been a renewal of interest in the possibilities for new local employment in the social economy and this may be a suitable area where community initiative and effort can be concentrated. The literature suggests that many of the tasks typically undertaken under the banner of community economic initiative can be very often misspecified and, as a consequence, the results can be somewhat unsatisfactory. This paper argues that it is preferable that community effort should be concentrated on those parts of the economy where it can have a legitimate role to play and where the activities in question connect directly with community and local betterment. Some case studies of experimental projects are used to discuss how employment possibilities might arise out of needs in the service sector and the informal economy.
A deterministic version of Pollard's p-1 algorithm
Creators: name: Zralek, Bartosz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11Y16 (Primary); 11Y05, 68Q10 (Secondary)

description: In this article we present applications of smooth numbers to the unconditional derandomization of some well-known integer factoring algorithms. We begin with Pollard's $p-1$ algorithm, which finds in random polynomial time the prime divisors $p$ of an integer $n$ such that $p-1$ is smooth. We show that these prime factors can be recovered in deterministic polynomial time. We further generalize this result to give a partial derandomization of the $k$-th cyclotomic method of factoring ($k\ge 2$) devised by Bach and Shallit. We also investigate reductions of factoring to computing Euler's totient function $ϕ$. We point out some explicit sets of integers $n$ that are completely factorable in deterministic polynomial time given $ϕ(n)$. These sets consist, roughly speaking, of products of primes $p$ satisfying, with the exception of at most two, certain conditions somewhat weaker than the smoothness of $p-1$. Finally, we prove that $O(\ln n)$ oracle queries for values of $ϕ$ are sufficient to completely factor any integer $n$ in less than $\exp\Bigl((1+o(1))(\ln n)^{1/3} (\ln\ln n)^{2/3}\Bigr)$ deterministic time.
description: Expanded and heavily revised version, to appear in Mathematics of Computation, 21 pages
title: Quantitative Risk Estimation in the Credit Default Swap Market using Exteme Value Theory
Creators: name: Moloney, Kitty
name: Raghavendra, Srinivas
Publisher: name: National University of Ireland, Galway
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Economics

description: This paper is motivated by empirical evidence illustrating the non-Gaussian nature of financial returns, (Jondeau et al 2007) and analyses extreme value theory, (EVT) as a proposed improvement (Embrechts et al., 2005) for risk estimation techniques. Credit default swaps, (CDS¿s) are analysed due to their increasing important to financial stability (European Union, 2009) and due to the lack of quantitative univariate risk analysis of this market. EVT is generally applied to currency, equity and bond markets, (Assaf, 2009). Whereas the majority of quantitative analysis of the CDS market has focused on multivariate functions, analysing the dependency of CDS market returns and other asset returns, (Chen et al., 2008). Equity and bond samples are used here as a comparison to the CDS market returns. The findings are divided into three parts. The first part focuses on the general characteristics of the three asset classes, CDS¿s, equities and bonds, noting the non-normality of the distributions. As GARCH is widely used in industry to remove dependency in the second and higher moments, the second part of the findings assesses the efficacy of this methodology. Evidence that GARCH removes dependency in the second moment is found but the distribution of the residuals continues to appear non-Gaussian for all three asset classes and non-iid for the CDS sample. In light of these findings, the third section uses a semi parametric approach to estimate the tail parameter of the distribution of the three CDS samples. The result of the investigation suggests that the parametric GARCH-EVT approach may be suitable for equity and bond market univariate risk estimation but that this approach and the semi-parametric EVT approach may both have limitations in assessing risk in CDS market returns.
title: Proximity by Numbers
Creators: name: Duddy, Conal
name: Piggins, Ashley
Publisher: name: National University of Ireland, Galway
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Economics

description: Imagine that everyone in a group chooses a real number and then these numbers are combined to produce a group number. Suppose that when everyone moves strictly closer to some individual¿s number, the group number either stays where it is or moves closer to this number. We call this the proximity condition. Restricting attention to group choice rules that are homogeneous of degree one and constant-preserving, we show that the only rules satisfying this property are dictatorships.
Additional file 1 of Sociodemographic, health-related, and social predictors of subjective well-being among Chinese oldest-old: a national community-based cohort study
Creators: name: Cheng, Gang
name: Yan, Yan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Fig. S1. Flowchart of the study population. Table S1. The basic characteristics with missing values of study participants of 30,317 Chinese oldest-old people at the initial survey. Table S2. The correlation coefficients among the predictors and year of follow-up. Table S3. Collinearity statistics for the preditors of subjective well-being. Table S4. Collinearity diagnostics for the preditors of subjective well-being.
Creating a Collaboration Guidebook for Library-Faculty Partnership Success
Creators: name: Roper, Jennifer O
name: Lee, Carla
name: McClurken, Kara
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: In order to frame collaborations with faculty for success, the University of Virginia Library has created a Collaboration Guidebook. While intended for use with all types of collaborations and partners, a particular use case that was a driver in the Guidebooks’s development is teaming with faculty on digital scholarship projects. Born of necessity based on previous projects wherein the goals and expectations of each party were not clarified, this document is framed as a forward looking guide to creating positive partnerships with faculty for creation of innovative and sustainable projects. Building on the work of the University of Texas at Arlington, the Guidebook provides in-depth guidance and advice on shaping an idea into a project proposal, identification and inclusion of stakeholders across the Library who will be integral to success, and understanding the importance of articulating achievable goals with timelines and end dates. Also included are a workflow that with a robust review cycle and templates and instructions for writing formal memoranda of understanding (MOU) to document agreements.
EDGE: Explorer of Diffuse emission and Gamma-ray burst Explosions
Creators: name: Piro, L.
name: Herder, J. W. den
name: Ohashi, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: How structures on various scales formed and evolved from the early Universe up to present time is a fundamental question of astrophysical cosmology. EDGE will trace the cosmic history of the baryons from the early generations of massive star by Gamma-Ray Burst (GRB) explosions, through the period of cluster formation, down to very low redshifts, when between a third and one half of the baryons are expected to reside in cosmic filaments undergoing gravitational collapse by dark matter (Warm Hot Intragalactic Medium: WHIM). In addition EDGE, with its unprecedented observational capabilities, will provide key results on several other topics. The science is feasible with a medium class mission using existing technology combined with innovative instrumental and observational capabilities on a single satellite by: a) observing with fast reaction Gamma-Ray Bursts with a high spectral resolution (R ~ 500). This enables the study of their (star-forming) environment from the Dark to the local Universe and the use of GRB as back light of large scale cosmological structures b) Observing and surveying extended sources (clusters, WHIM) with high sensitivity using two wide field of view X-ray telescopes (one with a high angular resolution and the other with a high spectral resolution).
description: This is a low resolution version of the proposal submitted to ESA in response to the Cosmic Vision Call. A high quality version is available at the web address reported in the cover page
Additional file 2 of Sociodemographic, health-related, and social predictors of subjective well-being among Chinese oldest-old: a national community-based cohort study
Creators: name: Cheng, Gang
name: Yan, Yan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2. Confirmatory factor analysis for assessing the factor structure of subjective well-being scale.
Semiclassical theory of charged pion radiation by nucleons in a strong homogeneous magnetic field
Creators: name: Herpay, T.
name: Patkos, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Charged pions produced in very high energy hadronic interactions might be the dominant source of cosmic neutrinos in the GeV--TeV range. Spectral energy power of π^+ radiation by high energy protons moving in strong magnetic fields typical for magnetars is determined with a semiclassical treatment of the effective pion-nucleon model. The main characteristics emerging from a saddle point approximation to the summation over the allowed range of Landau levels is a sharp lower cut: E_π>0.25 E_p. The magnitude of the spectral power agrees in this region with the synchrotron radiation spectra of neutral pions.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures
Internal conversions in Higgs decays to two photons
Creators: name: Firan, Ana
name: Stroynowski, Ryszard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We evaluate the partial widths for internal conversions in the Higgs decays to two photons. For the Higgs masses of interest at LHC in the range of 100-150 GeV, the conversions to pairs of fermions represent significant fraction of Higgs decays.
description: one .tex file and two .eps figures
Post Common Envelope Binaries from SDSS. I: 101 white dwarf main sequence binaries with multiple SDSS spectroscopy
Creators: name: Rebassa-Mansergas, A.
name: Gaensicke, B. T.
name: Rodriguez-Gil, P.
name: Schreiber, M. R.
name: Koester, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a detailed analysis of 101 white dwarf-main sequence binaries (WDMS) from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) for which multiple SDSS spectra are available. We detect significant radial velocity variations in 18 WDMS, identifying them as post common envelope binaries (PCEBs) or strong PCEB candidates. Strict upper limits to the orbital periods are calculated, ranging from 0.43 to 7880 d. Given the sparse temporal sampling and relatively low spectral resolution of the SDSS spectra, our results imply a PCEB fraction of >=15% among the WDMS in the SDSS data base. Using a spectral decomposition/fitting technique we determined the white dwarf effective temperatures and surface gravities, masses, and secondary star spectral types for all WDMS in our sample. Two independent distance estimates are obtained from the flux scaling factors between the WDMS spectra, and the white dwarf models and main sequence star templates, respectively. Approximately one third of the systems in our sample show a significant discrepancy between the two distance estimates. In the majority of discrepant cases, the distance estimate based on the secondary star is too large. A possible explanation for this behaviour is that the secondary star spectral types that we determined from the SDSS spectra are systematically too early by 1-2 spectral classes. This behaviour could be explained by stellar activity, if covering a significant fraction of the star by cool dark spots will raise the temperature of the inter-spot regions. Finally, we discuss the selection effects of the WDMS sample provided by the SDSS project.
description: The paper contains 18 pages, 12 figures and 5 tables. Accepted Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society Main Journal
On capillary-gravity waves generated by a slow moving object
Creators: name: Chepelianskii, Alexei
name: Chevy, Frédéric
name: Raphael, Elie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate theoretically and experimentally the capillary-gravity waves created by a small object moving steadily at the water-air interface along a circular trajectory. It is well established that, for straight uniform motion, no steady waves appear at velocities below the minimum phase velocity $c_{min} = 23 \rm{cm \cdot s}^{-1}$. We show theoretically that no such velocity threshold exists for a steady circular motion, for which, even at small velocities, a finite wave drag is experienced by the object. This wave drag originates from the emission of a spiral-like wave pattern. Our results are in good agreement with direct experimental observations of the wave pattern created by a circularly moving needle in contact with water. Our study leads to new insights into the problem of animal locomotion at the water-air interface.
title: The impacts of transition on the household in the provinces of Kazakhstan: the case of Atyubinsk Oblast.
Creators: name: Brophy, Pauric
Publisher: name: National University of Ireland, Galway
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Economic reform and structural adjustment
subject: Household responses
subject: Public policy measures
subject: Economics

description: This paper discusses the main economic and social changes that have affected the well-being of households in Akytubinsk Oblast in Kazakhstan and describes the general responses of the households to these changes. The analysis is based on secondary statistical data and on the results of a detailed household survey conducted in the Oblast during 1996-1997. The paper suggests that the economic policies that were designed to bring about an improvement in economic efficiency in production and consumption units have, at least in the short-run, contributed significantly to the complete or partial withdrawal of households from the official socioeconomic structures. This withdrawal has occurred extremely quickly and has acute implications for further policy development. A number of these policy measures, aimed at accelerating the reformalisation of the local economy, are discussed.
Direct observation of mixing of spin-multiplets in an antiferromagnetic molecular nanomagnet by electron paramagnetic resonance
Creators: name: Datta, S.
name: Waldmann, O.
name: Kent, A. D.
name: Milway, V. A.
name: Thompson, L. K.
name: Hill, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High-frequency electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) studies of the antiferromagnetic Mn-$[3\times 3]$ molecular grid clearly reveal a breaking of the $ΔS = 0$ selection rule, providing direct evidence for the mixing of spin wavefunctions ($S$-mixing) induced by the comparable exchange and magneto-anisotropy energy scales within the grid. This finding highlights the potential utility of EPR for studies of exchange splittings in molecular nanomagnets, which is normally considered the sole domain of inelastic neutron scattering, thereby offering improved sensitivity and energy resolution.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures. Accepted in Physical Review B
Acontia Strecker 1898
Creators: name: Ferris, Clifford
name: Lafontaine, Donald
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Noctuidae
Acontia

description: Acontia areli group Diagnosis. The Acontia areli group is superficially characterized by the division of the forewing into a dark brownish-gray outer half and a pale white or buff inner half; a prominent, single, subapical white patch on the costa; a large, rounded, partially blue-filled reniform spot, and an orbicular spot usually reduced to black upper and lower arcs.
description: Published as part of Ferris, Clifford & Lafontaine, Donald, 2009, Review of the Acontia areli group with descriptions of three new species (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae, Acontiinae), pp. 27-46 in ZooKeys 9 (9) on page 28, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.9.180, http://zenodo.org/record/576450
Additional file 1 of Efficacy of metformin and fermentable fiber combination therapy in adolescents with severe obesity and insulin resistance: study protocol for a double-blind randomized controlled trial
Creators: name: Deehan, Edward C.
name: Colin-Ramirez, Eloisa
name: Triador, Lucila
name: Madsen, Karen L.
name: Prado, Carla M.
name: Field, Catherine J.
name: Ball, Geoff D. C.
name: Qiming Tan
name: Orsso, Camila
name: Dinu, Irina
name: Mohammadreza Pakseresht
name: Rubin, Daniela
name: Arya M. Sharma
name: Tun, Hein
name: Walter, Jens
name: Newgard, Christopher B.
name: Freemark, Michael
name: Wine, Eytan
name: Haqq, Andrea M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Hematology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 1. Tolerance data of fibers with limited gastrointestinal side-effects chosen for the fiber intervention trial. Table presenting data of fibers with limited gastrointestinal side-effects.
Three-Year Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) Observations: Foreground Polarization
Creators: name: Kogut, A.
name: Dunkley, J.
name: Bennett, C. L.
name: Doré, O.
name: Gold, B.
name: Halpern, M.
name: Hinshaw, G.
name: Jarosik, N.
name: Komatsu, E.
name: Nolta, M. R.
name: Odegard, N.
name: Page, L.
name: Spergel, D. N.
name: Tucker, G. S.
name: Weiland, J. L.
name: Wollack, E.
name: Wright, E. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a full-sky model of polarized Galactic microwave emission based on three years of observations by the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) at frequencies from 23 to 94 GHz. The model compares maps of the Stokes Q and U components from each of the 5 WMAP frequency bands in order to separate synchrotron from dust emission, taking into account the spatial and frequency dependence of the synchrotron and dust components. This simple two-component model of the interstellar medium accounts for at least 97% of the polarized emission in the WMAP maps of the microwave sky. Synchrotron emission dominates the polarized foregrounds at frequencies below 50 GHz, and is comparable to the dust contribution at 65 GHz. The spectral index of the synchrotron component, derived solely from polarization data, is -3.2 averaged over the full sky, with a modestly flatter index on the Galactic plane. The synchrotron emission has mean polarization fraction 2--4% in the Galactic plane and rising to over 20% at high latitude, with prominent features such as the North Galactic Spur more polarized than the diffuse component. Thermal dust emission has polarization fraction 1% near the Galactic center, rising to 6% at the anti-center. Diffuse emission from high-latitude dust is also polarized with mean fractional polarization 0.036 +/- 0.011.
description: 9 pages with 8 figures. For higher quality figures, see the version posted at http://lambda.gsfc.nasa.gov/product/map/dr2/map_bibliography.cfm
title: Postponing Maternity in Ireland
Creators: name: O'Donoghue, Cathal
name: O'Shea, Eamon
Publisher: name: National University of Ireland, Galway
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Demography trends
subject: Fertility
subject: Economics

description: As in many other developed countries, Ireland in recent decades has experienced a postponement of maternity. In this paper we consider the main trends in this phenomenon, considering changes in first and later births separately. We adapt the theoretical model due to Walker (1995) to incorporate a declining marginal return to experience to provide a human capital/career planning explanation for this postponement. We estimate a hazard model based upon the 1994 Living in Ireland Survey to empirically test this model. The career-planning hypothesis was found to hold. However an assumption about perfect capital markets failed indicating the impact of an income effect on the timing of maternity. The model also identified the importance of cohort differences in the timing of marriage in explaining much of the inter-cohort specific differences in the timing of maternity.
Additional file 1 of Synthesis, characterisation and cytotoxicity of gold microwires for ultra-sensitive biosensor development
Creators: name: Lah, Nurul Akmal Che
name: Gray, Robert
name: Trigueros, Sonia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1. The assembling microwires on the top surface of the microscopy probe is also evaluated but not discuss further in the present study and only included in the Supplementary Materials section.
Functional renormalization group in the broken symmetry phase: momentum dependence and two-parameter scaling of the self-energy
Creators: name: Sinner, Andreas
name: Hasselmann, Nils
name: Kopietz, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We include spontaneous symmetry breaking into the functional renormalization group (RG) equations for the irreducible vertices of Ginzburg-Landau theories by augmenting these equations by a flow equation for the order parameter, which is determined from the requirement that at each RG step the vertex with one external leg vanishes identically. Using this strategy, we propose a simple truncation of the coupled RG flow equations for the vertices in the broken symmetry phase of the Ising universality class in D dimensions. Our truncation yields the full momentum dependence of the self-energy Sigma (k) and interpolates between lowest order perturbation theory at large momenta k and the critical scaling regime for small k. Close to the critical point, our method yields the self-energy in the scaling form Sigma (k) = k_c^2 sigma^{-} (k | xi, k / k_c), where xi is the order parameter correlation length, k_c is the Ginzburg scale, and sigma^{-} (x, y) is a dimensionless two-parameter scaling function for the broken symmetry phase which we explicitly calculate within our truncation.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures, puplished version