High-resolution Infrared Spectrograph for Exoplanet Characterization with the Keck and Thirty Meter Telescopes
Creators: name: Mawet, Dimitri
name: Fitzgerald, Michael
name: Konopacky, Quinn
name: Beichman, Charles
name: Jovanovic, Nemanja
name: Dekany, Richard
name: Hover, David
name: Chisholm, Eric
name: Ciardi, David
name: Artigau, Etienne
name: Banyal, Ravinder
name: Beatty, Thomas
name: Benneke, Bjorn
name: Blake, Geoffrey A.
name: Burgasser, Adam
name: Canalizo, Gabriela
name: Chen, Guo
name: Do, Tuan
name: Doppmann, Greg
name: Doyon, Rene
name: Dressing, Courtney
name: Fang, Min
name: Greene, Thomas
name: Hillenbrand, Lynne
name: Howard, Andrew
name: Kane, Stephen
name: Kataria, Tiffany
name: Kempton, Eliza
name: Knutson, Heather
name: Kotani, Takayuki
name: Lafreniere, David
name: Liu, Chao
name: Nishiyama, Shogo
name: Pandey, Gajendra
name: Plavchan, Peter
name: Prato, Lisa
name: Rajaguru, S. P.
name: Robertson, Paul
name: Salyk, Colette
name: Sato, Bunei
name: Schlawin, Everett
name: Sengupta, Sujan
name: Sivarani, Thirupathi
name: Skidmore, Warren
name: Tamura, Motohide
name: Terada, Hiroshi
name: Vasisht, Gautam
name: Wang, Ji
name: Zhang, Hui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: HISPEC (High-resolution Infrared Spectrograph for Exoplanet Characterization) is a proposed diffraction-limited spectrograph for the W.M. Keck Observatory, and a pathfinder for the MODHIS facility project (Multi-Object Diffraction-limited High-resolution Infrared Spectrograph) on the Thirty Meter Telescope. HISPEC/MODHIS builds on diffraction-limited spectrograph designs which rely on adaptively corrected single-mode fiber feeds. Seeing-limited high-resolution spectrographs, by virtue of the conservation of beam etendue, grow in volume following a D^3 power law (D is the telescope diameter), and are subject to daunting challenges associated with their large size. Diffraction-limited spectrographs fed by single mode fibers are decoupled from the telescope input, and are orders of magnitude more compact and have intrinsically stable line spread functions. Their efficiency is directly proportional to the performance of the adaptive optics (AO) system. AO technologies have matured rapidly over the past two decades and are baselined for future extremely large telescopes. HISPEC/MODHIS will take R&gt;100,000 spectra of a few objects in a 10" field-of-view sampled at the diffraction limit (~10-50 mas), simultaneously from 0.95 to 2.4 microns (y-K). The scientific scope ranges from exoplanet infrared precision radial velocities, spectroscopy of transiting, close-in, and directly imaged exoplanets (atmospheric composition and dynamics, RM effect, spin measurements, Doppler imaging), brown dwarf characterization, stellar physics/chemistry, proto-planetary disk kinematics/composition, Solar system, extragalactic science, and cosmology. HISPEC/MODHIS features a compact, cost-effective design optimized to fully exploit the existing Keck-AO and future TMT-NFIRAOS infrastructures and boost the scientific reach of Keck Observatory and TMT soon after first light.