cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Human Right to Food as a U.S. Nutrition Concern, 1976-2006
Creators: name: Messer, Ellen
name: Cohen, Marc J.
name: Messer, Ellen
name: Cohen, Marc J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Food policy
subject: human rights
subject: right to food
subject: malnutrition
subject: social welfare
subject: United States

description: For 30 years, U.S. food and nutrition scientists and policymakers concerned with food and nutrition have explored the possibility of making the human right to food (HRF) the moral and legal cornerstone of U.S. domestic and international initiatives in this area. The U.S. government has consistently opposed formal right-to-food legislation, labeling it as overly burdensome and inconsistent with constitutional law. In contrast, anti-hunger advocates have favored a rights-based framework as a way to hold government accountable for improving the nutritional situation of its poorest citizens and for saving lives and preventing malnutrition in developing countries. The U.S. government has continually expanded food and nutrition assistance at home and abroad, but not within a human rights framework. What might a human rights perspective add, and what are the continuing rationales of the opposition? Using as touchstones U.S. government and nongovernmental organization (NGO) testimonies from the 1976 Right to Food Resolution congressional debate and the 1996 World Food Summit, which featured U.S. opposition to HRF language, the U.S. government and NGO HRF positions are traced from 1976 to 2006. Qualitative analyses of historical policy position papers, testimonies, research reports, and the popular nutrition literature are used to evaluate how human rights and the HRF—as framing and rhetoric—have influenced nutrition policy, public and official understanding, and outreach. In this documentation process, we also integrate information from the wider “human rights” positions of the food-and-nutrition advocacy community, including Food First, Bread for the World, the Food Research and Action Center, the community food security movement, and charitable food assistance agencies, to demonstrate where these different advocacy agents, organizations, and agendas fit in this process of advancing a HRF sensibility.
Multi-Modal Video Forensic Platform for Investigating Post-Terrorist Attack Scenarios
Creators: name: Schindler, Alexander
name: Lindley, Andrew
name: Jalali, Anahid
name: Boyer, Martin
name: Gordea, Sergiu
name: King, Ross
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: The forensic investigation of a terrorist attack poses a significant challenge to the investigative authorities, as often several thousand hours of video footage must be viewed. Large scale Video Analytic Platforms (VAP) assist law enforcement agencies (LEA) in identifying suspects and securing evidence. Current platforms focus primarily on the integration of different computer vision methods and thus are restricted to a single modality. We present a video analytic platform that integrates visual and audio analytic modules and fuses information from surveillance cameras and video uploads from eyewitnesses. Videos are analyzed according their acoustic and visual content. Specifically, Audio Event Detection is applied to index the content according to attack-specific acoustic concepts. Audio similarity search is utilized to identify similar video sequences recorded from different perspectives. Visual object detection and tracking are used to index the content according to relevant concepts. Innovative user-interface concepts are introduced to harness the full potential of the heterogeneous results of the analytical modules, allowing investigators to more quickly follow-up on leads and eyewitness reports.
Optical Monitoring of PKS 1510-089: A Binary Black Hole System?
Creators: name: Wu, J.
name: Zhou, X.
name: Peng, B.
name: Ma, J.
name: Jiang, Z.
name: Chen, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Three deep flux minima were observed with nearly the same time-scales and intervals for the blazar PKS 1510-089 in the past few years. A binary black hole system was proposed to be at the nucleus of this object, and a new minimum was predicted to occur in 2002 March. We monitored this source with a 60/90 cm Schmidt telescope from 2002 February to April. In combination with the data obtained by Xie et al. (2004) in the same period, we presented for the 2002 minimum a nearly symmetric light curve, which would be required by an eclipsing model of a binary black hole system. We also constrained the time-scale of the minimum to be 35 min, which is more consistent with the time-scales ~42 min of the three previous minima than the 89 min time-scale given by the same authors. The wiggling miniarcsecond radio jet observed in this object is taken as a further evidence for the binary black hole system. The `coupling' of the periodicity in light curve and the helicity in radio jet is discussed in the framework of a binary black hole system.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, accepted by MNRAS
An Elite Female Philanthropist in Late Eighteenth Century England: Mary, Marchioness of Buckingham and the Refugees of the French Revolution
Creators: name: Morris, Janice E.
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2020
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Recent academic studies on aristocratic Georgian women as political hostesses, confidantes and campaigners have highlighted their ability to influence the course of events; their philanthropic peers, however, who initiated the process of reform, remain underexplored. The life of the Anglo-Irish Catholic Marchioness of Buckingham, who married into the Protestant Whig Grenville family, will be used as a lens through which to examine continuity and change in noble philanthropic practice in late eighteenth-century England. Her charitable activities will be placed within the broader context of traditional elite support for local communities. By showing that Lady Buckingham was empowered by her Catholicism and her status, the thesis will demonstrate that the organised philanthropy of the Victorian age had its roots in the Georgian era and was not the exclusive preserve of middling-sort Anglicans, as the literature has tended to imply.The thesis will show that refugees of the French Revolution brought English aristocrats face to face with the consequences of disruption to the social order. The upheaval induced anxiety amongst the aristocracy and made them seek ways to justify and secure their status; it also gave opportunities for women to develop their organisational and practical skills by introducing new objects for their concern. Lady Buckingham, acting in concert with her husband, increased the scope of her benevolent activity by providing support to émigrés who all shared her religion, and many of whom were of her gender and status. Her increasing awareness of her own capabilities was accompanied by a growing consciousness of the influence she could exert.
Statistical hypothesis testing versus machine-learning binary classification: distinctions and guidelines
Creators: name: Li, Jingyi Jessica
name: Tong, Xin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Making binary decisions is a common data analytical task in scientific research and industrial applications. In data sciences, there are two related but distinct strategies: hypothesis testing and binary classification. In practice, how to choose between these two strategies can be unclear and rather confusing. Here we summarize key distinctions between these two strategies in three aspects and list five practical guidelines for data analysts to choose the appropriate strategy for specific analysis needs. We demonstrate the use of those guidelines in a cancer driver gene prediction example.
Pressure dependence of the upper critical field of MgB2 and of YNi2B2C
Creators: name: Suderow, H.
name: Tissen, V. G.
name: Brison, J. P.
name: Martinez, J. L.
name: Vieira, S.
name: Lejay, P.
name: Lee, S.
name: Tajima, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present measurements of H$_{c2}(T)$ under pressure in MgB$_2$ and in YNi$_2$B$_2$C. The changes in the shape of H$_{c2}(T)$ are interpreted within current models and show the evolution of the main Fermi surface velocities $v_F$ and electron-phonon coupling parameters $λ$ with pressure. In MgB$_2$ the electron-phonon coupling strength of the nearly two dimensional $σ$ band, responsible for the high critical temperature, is more affected by pressure than the $π$ band coupling, and the hole doping of the $σ$ band decreases. In YNi$_2$B$_2$C, the peculiar positive curvature of H$_{c2}(T)$ is weakened by pressure.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
Measuring and Accounting for Community Capabilities in Kordofan, Sudan
Creators: name: El-Harizi, Khalid
name: Klemick, Heather
name: El-Harizi, Khalid
name: Klemick, Heather
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Capabilities
subject: Sudan
subject: IFAD
subject: Community Capabilities Index

description: Parallel to the growing attention being devoted to the relationship between empowerment and development, an increasing number of tools are being developed to measure empowerment and determine the link between these two phenomena. This paper details the methodological processes used to construct, test and possibly refine one such instrument, the Community Capability Index, an innovative tool to measure community capabilities in the domain of natural resource governance. Empirical reference is made to research conducted in 85 villages in North and South Kordofan, Sudan. Following this, the paper presents findings from analyses of the determinants of community capabilities, including geographic, economic, and institutional variables. The results suggest that in Kordofan a number of factors influence capabilities. Possessing a village market, proximity to the nearest town, and access to credit are economic variables that have a significant and highly positive effect on community capabilities. Regarding the environment, capabilities are found to be greater where there is more rainfall, but access to groundwater from lower-quality aquifers and cracking clay soils have negative impacts on capabilities. War shocks, as might be expected, have a negative and significant effect. Particularly interesting is the generally weak correlation found between capabilities and wealth, along with strong correlations between institutional and social dimensions of community capabilities and participation in donor-funded projects. This combination suggests that development interventions must take into account the non-identity of poverty reduction and empowerment processes, at least when the targeted agents are communities rather than individuals or households. The findings reveal areas for further investigation into the relationship between the determinants and dimensions of capabilities, and the potential significance of the relationship for some dimensions suggests context-specific interventions to strengthen the relevant capabilities.
Multi-cue kinetic model with non-local sensing for cell migration on a fibers network with chemotaxis
Creators: name: Loy, N.
name: Conte, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cell Behavior (q-bio.CB)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Cells perform directed motion in response to external stimuli that they detect by sensing the environment with their membrane protrusions. In particular, several biochemical and biophysical cues give rise to tactic migration in the direction of their specific targets. This defines a multi-cue environment in which cells have to sort and combine different, and potentially competitive, stimuli. We propose a non-local kinetic model for cell migration in presence of two external factors both influencing cell polarization: contact guidance and chemotaxis. We propose two different sensing strategies and we analyze the two resulting models by recovering the appropriate macroscopic limit in different regimes, in order to see how the size of the cell, with respect to the variation of both external fields, influences the overall behavior. Moreover, we integrate numerically the kinetic transport equation in a two-dimensional setting in order to investigate qualitatively various scenarios.
description: 34 pages, 10 figures. References added
How to Make Agricultural Extension Demand-Driven?: The Case of India’s Agricultural Extension Policy
Creators: name: Birner, Regina
name: Anderson, Jock R.
name: Birner, Regina
name: Anderson, Jock R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession
subject: Demand-driven agricultural advisory services
subject: extension reform
subject: India

description: Many countries have recognized the need to revive agricultural advisory or extension services (the terms are used interchangeably here) as a means of using agriculture as an engine of pro-poor growth; reaching marginalized, poor, and female farmers; and addressing new challenges, such as environmental degradation and climate change. In spite of ample experience with extension reform worldwide, identifying the reform options most likely to make extension more demand-driven remains a major challenge. The concept of demand-driven services implies making extension more responsive to the needs of all farmers, including women and those who are poor and marginalized. It also implies making extension more accountable to farmers and, as a consequence, more effective. This essay discusses various options for providing and financing agricultural advisory services, which involve the public and private sectors as well as a third sector comprising nongovernmental organizations and farmer-based organizations. We review the market and state failures, and the “community” failures (failures of non-governmental and farmer-based organizations) inherent in existing models of providing and financing agricultural extension services and then outline strategies to address those failures and make extension demand-driven. Then we examine India’s Policy Framework for Agricultural Extension, which has demand-driven extension as one of its major objectives, and review available survey information on the state of extension in India. We conclude that although the framework proposes a wide range of strategies to make agricultural extension demand-driven, it is less specific in addressing the challenges inherent in those strategies. Moreover, it remains unclear whether the strategies proposed in the framework will be able to address one of the major problems identified by farm household surveys: access to agricultural extension.
The Adjoint Vacuum Sector of Massless QCD2
Creators: name: Abrashkin, A.
name: Frishman, Y.
name: Sonnenschein, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a "one current" state, obtained by appication of a color current on the "adjoint" vacuum, in $QCD_2$, with quarks in fundamental representation. The quarks are taken to be massless. The theory on the light-front can be "currentized", namely formulated in terms of currents only. The adjoint vacuum is obtained by applying a current derivative, at zero momentum, on the singlet vacuum. In general the "one current" states are not eigenstates of $M^2=2P^+P^-$, except in the large $N_f$ limit. Problems with infra-red regularizations are pointed out. Connection to fermionic structure is made.
description: Talk presented by Y. Frishman at the Light Cone Workshop in Cairns, Australia, July 2005
Geometrical Formalism for Dynamically Corrected Gates in Multiqubit Systems
Creators: name: Buterakos, Donovan
name: Sarma, Sankar Das
name: Barnes, Edwin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ability to perform gates in multiqubit systems that are robust to noise is of crucial importance for the advancement of quantum information technologies. However, finding control pulses that cancel noise while performing a gate is made difficult by the intractability of the time-dependent Schrodinger equation, especially in multiqubit systems. Here, we show that this issue can be sidestepped by using a formalism in which the cumulative error during a gate is represented geometrically as a curve in a multi-dimensional Euclidean space. Cancellation of noise errors to leading order corresponds to closure of the curve, a condition that can be satisfied without solving the Schrodinger equation. We develop and uncover general properties of this geometric formalism, and derive a recursion relation that maps control fields to curvatures for Hamiltonians of arbitrary dimension. We demonstrate examples by using the geometric method to design dynamically corrected gates for a class of two-qubit Hamiltonians that is relevant for both superconducting transmon qubits and semiconductor spin qubits. We propose this geometric formalism as a general technique for pulse-induced error suppression in quantum computing gate operations.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
An analytic Approach to Turaev's Shadow Invariant
Creators: name: Hahn, Atle
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 57M27, 60H30, 81T08, 81T13

description: In the present paper we extend the "torus gauge fixing approach" by Blau and Thompson (Nucl. Phys. B408(1):345--390, 1993) for Chern-Simons models with base manifolds M of the form M= Σx S^1 in a suitable way. We arrive at a heuristic path integral formula for the Wilson loop observables associated to general links in M. We then show that the right-hand side of this formula can be evaluated explicitly in a non-perturbative way and that this evaluation naturally leads to the face models in terms of which Turaev's shadow invariant is defined.
description: 44 pages, 2 figures. Changes have been made in Sec. 2.3, Sec 2.4, Sec. 3.4, and Sec. 3.5. Appendix C is new
To fish or not to fish? Fish processing at Iron Gates: an experimental approach
Creators: name: Petrović, Anđa
name: Lemorini, Cristina
name: Nunziante-Cesaro, Stella
name: Živaljević, Ivana
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: use wear analysis, FTIR analysis, experimental archaeology, chipped stone tools, fish processing, Mesolithic, Neolithic, Iron Gates

description: It is well known that many Mesolithic and Early Neolithic sites have been recovered during the past century in the Iron Gates region (Eastern Serbia). The application of diverse analysis on human remains and artefacts raised many questions, but also offered new ideas about the transitional period in the middle and lower course of Danube. New methods and studies of the artefacts enabled the researchers to have a look at the everyday life of the hunter-gatherer-fishermen groups who inhabited the area during Late Glacial and Early Holocene.
 Communities in Iron Gates consumed fish and exploited the bank in the prehistory. This is visible in the results of isotope analysis done on the human individuals implying that they fed on aquatic resources, in some periods more than in others. Fish remains were also found in the settlements and based on the iconography present on the sculpted boulders and other artefacts, the bond between the people, river, and eco-system was compelling.
 The idea of this communication is to present the possible fish working using chipped stone tools in the Iron Gates region during the Mesolithic-Neolithic transition. The traces are observed by various methods, having in mind how hard is to detect activity specific as fish processing. The analyses consisted of both low- and high-power approach combined with FTIR analysis.
 The experimental approach has also been applied as a usual procedure in the use-wear analysis. A couple of experimental sets were done on the larger fish, like common carp (Cyprinus carpio) with an idea to reproduce use-wear traces on chipped stone replicas. Diverse activities as scale removal, hide working, organ removal and filleting were done. In the case of experimental tools,
 FTIR analysis was of additional help to test the tracing of chemical elements that could be connected to activities on diverse fish parts and organs.
 Finally, the experimental results represented by macro traces and polish are being compared to the use-wear traces found on the archaeological sample. Traces of filleting, butchering and decapitation found on the bones were also compared to the ones found on Lepenski Vir, Vlasac and Padina site. This combined and specfiic study helped us understand the processing of fish in the prehistoric period in detail, from the tool selection to the hide tanning.
Urbanization, Educational Expansion, and Expenditures Inequality in Indonesia in 1996, 1999, and 2002
Creators: name: Akita, Takahiro
name: Miyata, Sachiko
name: Akita, Takahiro
name: Miyata, Sachiko
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Expenditure Inequality
subject: Urbanization
subject: Educational Expansion
subject: Indonesia
subject: Theil Index
subject: Two-stage Nested Inequality Decomposition Analysis

description: This paper considers urban-rural location and education as the main causes of expenditure inequality and attempts to examine inequality changes associated with urbanization and educational expansion in Indonesia from 1996 to 2002, using Indonesian monthly household consumption expenditure data. It introduces a hierarchical framework of inequality decomposition by population subgroups, which enables researchers to analyze inequality resulting from differences in educational attainment as well as inequality within each educational group, after the effects on inequality of urban– rural differences in the composition of educational attainments are removed. It finds that the urban sector’s higher educational group contributes significantly to overall inequality. Inequality within the group increased significantly once Indonesia recovered from the financial crisis of 1998. This, together with educational expansion in urban areas, led to a conspicuous rise in urban inequality. Overall expenditure inequality has increased markedly, due not only to the rise in urban inequality but also a widening urban-rural disparity, accompanied by a population shift from the rural to the urban sector. Since more people will obtain higher education as the economy continues to develop, and more jobs requiring specialized skills become available in urban areas, urban inequality is likely to remain high. In order to mitigate urban inequality and thus overall inequality, the government needs to introduce policies that could reduce inequality among households whose heads have a tertiary education.
A simple toy model for effective restoration of chiral symmetry in excited hadrons
Creators: name: Cohen, Thomas D.
name: Glozman, Leonid Ya.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A simple solvable toy model exhibiting effective restoration of chiral symmetry in excited hadrons is constructed. A salient feature is that while physics of the low-lying states is crucially determined by the spontaneous breaking of chiral symmetry, in the high-lying states the effects of chiral symmetry breaking represent only a small correction. Asymptotically the states approach the regime where their properties are determined by the underlying unbroken chiral symmetry.
description: This is the published version of this paper. Note that the title has changed from earlier versions as has the abstract. The emphasis is slightly different from previous versions but the essential physical content is the same
Diversification in Indian Agriculture towards High-Value Crops: The Role of Smallholders
Creators: name: Birthal, Pratap Singh
name: Joshi, P.K.
name: Roy, Devesh
name: Thorat, Amit
name: Birthal, Pratap Singh
name: Joshi, P.K.
name: Roy, Devesh
name: Thorat, Amit
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Diversification
subject: smallholders
subject: high-value agriculture

description: Agricultural diversification towards high-value crops can potentially increase farm incomes, especially in a country like India where demand for high-value food products has been increasing more quickly than that for staple crops. Indian agriculture is overwhelmingly dominated by smallholders, and researchers have long debated the ability of a smallholder-dominated subsistence farm economy to diversify into riskier high-value crops. Here, we present evidence that the gradual diversification of Indian agriculture towards high-value crops exhibits a pro-smallholder bias, with smallholders playing a proportionally larger role in the cultivation of vegetables versus fruits. The observed patterns are consistent with simple comparative advantage-based production choices. The comparatively high labor endowments of the small farmers, as reflected in their greater family sizes, induce them to diversify towards vegetables. Although fruit cultivation is also labor intensive (as compared to cultivation of staples), fruits are relatively capital intensive, making them a less advantageous choice for smallholders who tend to have low capital endowments. Furthermore, both the probability of participation in fruit and vegetable cultivation as well as land allocation to horticulture decreases with the size of landholdings in India. Small or medium holders do not appear to allocate a greater share of land to fruits or vegetables. However, the share allocated to vegetables is significantly higher if the family size is bigger, while the reverse is true in the case of fruits.
The Dream Debate and the Periodical in the 1860s
Creators: name: Flynn, Hayley
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2020
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Dream was a frequently discussed topic in periodicals of the 1860s, appearing in publications as diverse as medical, spiritualist, women’s and general literary periodicals. The question of what dreaming was attracted both public and professional interest and drew a variety of theories from scientific, supernatural and theological perspectives. However, the debate that arose from these differing theories was not one of three clearly defined sides. Scientific, supernatural and theological theories on dreaming often overlapped, as can be seen clearly in spiritualist beliefs, which sought to scientifically explain the supposedly supernatural.Amongst these three interconnecting sides of the debate are themes which appear throughout factual and fictional dream discussions. These themes, which include, for example, insanity, the influence of drugs on the mind and prophetic dreams, highlight the crucial role of dream in exploring the function of the mind. Periodicals provided a unique platform for this variety of themes to be explored from all three sides of the dream debate. This was not only because the frequency of publication ensured that the most recent thoughts and theories on dreaming were continuously available. The ability to pose open questions and conjectures about dream also allowed periodicals to participate in the dream debate in a way that books on the subject did not. For general literary periodicals in particular, the ability to display various strands of dream theory in various formats, including in serialised fiction, meant that the complexity of the subject of dream could be fully explored. The representation of dream in periodicals during the 1860s overall reveals the centrality of dream to contemporary theories on the function of the mind and, therefore, to the developing subject of psychology, as well as the particular importance of the periodical in providing the platform for this development, and the dream debate, to take place.
JAMA Article Retractions and Cool Research Opportunities in Eating Behavior and Behavioral Science
Creators: name: Wansink, Brian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Psychology
subject: 111102 Dietetics and Nutrigenomics
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 111707 Family Care
subject: 111712 Health Promotion

description: In 2018, six of my research articles in JAMA-related journals were retracted. These retractions offer some useful lessons to scholars, and they also offer some useful next steps to those who want to publish eating behavior research in medical journals or in the social sciences. These six different papers offer some topic-related roadmaps that could be useful. First, they were originally of interest to journals in the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) network, and they would probably be of interest to other journals in medicine, behavioral economics, marketing, nutrition, psychology, health, and consumer behavior. Second, they each show what a finished paper might look like. They show the positioning, relevant background research, methodological approach, and relevance to clinical practice or to everyday life. I think all of these topics are interesting and have every-day importance. This document provides a two-page template for each one that shows 1) An overview why it was done, 2) the abstract (or a summary if there was no abstract), 3) the reason it was retracted, 4) how it could be done differently, and 5) promising new research opportunities on the topic.
Extraction of hydrophobic analytes from organic solution into a titanate 2D-nanosheet host: Electroanalytical perspectives
Creators: name: Wahyuni, Wulan Tri
name: Putra, Budi Riza
name: Harito, Christian
name: Bavykin, Dmitry V
name: Walsh, Frank C
name: Fletcher, Philip J
name: Marken, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The lamellar titanate, with embedded tetrabutyl ammonium cations, behaves like a hydrophobic host for hydrophobic redox systems similar to hydrophobic organic microphase systems. Potential for analytical applications is discussed.
Digital Sand: The Becoming of Digital Representations
Creators: name: Østerlie, Thomas
name: Monteiro, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The versatility of digital technologies relies on a capacity to represent and subsequently manipulate algorithmically selected physical processes, objects or qualities in a domain. Organizationally real digital representations are those that, beyond the mere capacity to, actually get woven into everyday work practices. Empirically, we draw on a four-year case study of offshore oil and gas production. Our case provides a vivid illustration of Internet of Things (IoT) based visualizations and data driven predictions characteristic for efforts of digitally transforming industrial process and manufacturing enterprises. We contribute by identifying and discussing three mechanisms through which digital representations become organizationally real: (i) noise reduction (the strategies and heuristics to filter out signal from noise), (ii) material tethering (grounding the digital representations to a corresponding physical measurement) and (iii) triangulating (in the absence of a direct correspondence, corroborating digital representations relative to other representations).
Outside and beyond: the manuscript as object and the implications for interpretive settings
Creators: name: Filippo, Armand De
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2020
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: The success of recent exhibitions testifies to the enormous popularity of manuscripts, both medieval and beyond, and our enduring fascination with them. Yet our relationship with medieval manuscripts is fundamentally a deceit. They have been subject to the general compulsion of museums and other interpretive settings to distance the visitor from the objects on display. Preservation, conservation, security concerns and interpretive conventions coalesce to create a modus operandi that works to put distance, both temporal and spatial, between person and thing. Through their tendency to consider the medieval manuscript almost exclusively a ‘manuscript qua manuscript’, interpretive settings conceal its fundamental material and kinetic qualities. This research asks, what if the display space became a place of sensorial exploration in which people could have embodied encounters with a manuscript released from vitrine, and free from prescription?How then, can we reconnect the manus with the script?To try to answer this question, the focus of this thesis is the ‘manuscript qua material’. Using the ecological concept of ‘rewilding’ this study investigates if and how less mediated corporeal encounters and intra-actions with manuscript materials, including digital objects, can engender transformative experiences, rupture the conventional subject/object dichotomy and destabilize traditional notions of temporal synchrony. It asks if potent affective, emotional and imaginative visitor reactions are inspired when encounters with ‘medieval’ manuscripts using multiple senses are enabled, and what, if any, implications there may be for how museums and libraries exhibit manuscripts.This research takes a qualitative approach using one manuscript as a case study and the creation of a ‘rewilded displayscape’ to locate the fieldwork.
Dairy Farms without Quotas: Simulations Based on a Multi-output Multi-input Cost Function
Creators: name: Baudry, Alexandre
name: Frahan, Bruno Henry De
name: Polome, Philippe
name: Howitt, Richard E.
name: Baudry, Alexandre
name: Frahan, Bruno Henry De
name: Polome, Philippe
name: Howitt, Richard E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: flexible cost function
subject: microsimulation
subject: dairy reform

description: This paper evaluates the farm level supply and income effects from removing milk quotas and reducing producer prices with increasing direct compensatory payments. Using a panel of Belgian dairy farms, we first estimate long-run flexible multioutput multi-input marginal cost curves for each farm of the sample. Second, we embed each estimated long-run farm cost function in the objective function of a profit maximisation programming model built for each farm of the sample. Simulations show that, without quotas, aggregated milk supply and farm gross margin increase by 18 per cent and 37 per cent respectively from their reference level. A 20 per cent decline in producer prices and a compensation rate set at 30 per cent of the price decline maintain the aggregated milk supply and farm gross margin at their reference level. Dairy farms adjust differently to change in prices and compensation rates.
Effects of abolition of the EU milk quota system for Dutch agriculture and environment
Creators: name: Helming, John F.M.
name: Van Berkum, Siemen
name: Helming, John F.M.
name: Van Berkum, Siemen
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: milk quota
subject: mathematical programming models
subject: environment

description: Following model calculations presented in this paper he removal of the EU quota system will result in 21% more milk production in the Netherlands. Large dairy farms expand and achieve higher income levels compared to a scenario with quota continuation, as increasing scale of production and decrease of quota costs outweigh price reductions and extra manure disposal costs. Production in the category of relatively small farms, however, declines and farms in this category will leave business. Sector income will only marginally fall while production expansion will remain within the limits of present environmental policies related to manure and nutrient applications.
The Effects of a "Fat Tax" on the Nutrient Intake of French Households
Creators: name: Allais, Olivier
name: Bertail, Patrice
name: Nichele, Veronique
name: Allais, Olivier
name: Bertail, Patrice
name: Nichele, Veronique
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Household survey data
subject: demand system
subject: nutrient elasticities.

description: This article assesses the effects of a "fat tax" on the nutrient intake of French households across different income groups using a method that estimates the nutrient elasticities of French households. We estimate a complete demand system by aggregating an individual demand system over cohorts. The use of a cohort model is justified by the incompleteness of our data. We find that a "fat tax" would have ambiguous and extremely small effects on the nutrient intake of French households, and its associated economic welfare costs would be similarly weak.
Reentrant Hexagons in non-Boussinesq Convection
Creators: name: Madruga, Santiago
name: Riecke, Hermann
name: Pesch, Werner
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: While non-Boussinesq hexagonal convection patterns are well known to be stable close to threshold (i.e. for Rayleigh numbers $R \approx R_c$), it has often been assumed that they are always unstable to rolls already for slightly higher Rayleigh numbers. Using the {\em incompressible} Navier-Stokes equations for parameters corresponding to water as a working fluid, we perform full numerical stability analyses of hexagons in the strongly nonlinear regime ($ε\equiv R-R_c/R_c=\mathcal{O}(1)$). We find `reentrant' behavior of the hexagons, i.e. as $ε$ is increased they can lose and {\it regain} stability. This can occur for values of $ε$ as low as $ε=0.2$. We identify two factors contributing to the reentrance: i) the hexagons can make contact with a hexagon attractor that has been identified recently in the nonlinear regime even in Boussinesq convection (Assenheimer & Steinberg (1996); Clever & Busse (1996)) and ii) the non-Boussinesq effects increase with $ε$. Using direct simulations for circular containers we show that the reentrant hexagons can prevail even for side-wall conditions that favor convection in the form of the competing stable rolls. For sufficiently strong non-Boussinesq effects hexagons become stable even over the whole $ε$-range considered, $0 \le ε\le 1.5$.
Additional file 4 of Effects of a 16-week multimodal exercise program on gait performance in individuals with dementia: a multicenter randomized controlled trial
Creators: name: Trautwein, Sandra
name: Barisch-Fritz, Bettina
name: Scharpf, Andrea
name: Ringhof, Steffen
name: Stein, Thorsten
name: Krell-Roesch, Janina
name: Woll, Alexander
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 4.
Probing nucleon strange and charm distributions with lattice QCD
Creators: name: Zhang, Rui
name: Lin, Huey-Wen
name: Yoon, Boram
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first lattice-QCD calculation of the unpolarized strange and charm parton distribution functions using large-momentum effective theory (LaMET). We use a lattice ensemble with 2+1+1 flavors of highly improved staggered quarks (HISQ) generated by MILC collaboration, with lattice spacing $a\approx 0.12$ fm and $M_π\approx 310$ MeV, and clover valence fermions with two valence pion masses: 310 and 690 MeV. We use momentum-smeared sources to improve the signal up to nucleon boost momentum $P_z=2.18$ GeV, and determine nonperturbative renormalization factors in RI/MOM scheme. We compare our lattice results with the matrix elements obtained from matching the PDFs from CT18NNLO and NNPDF3.1NNLO global fits. Our data support the assumptions of strange-antistrange and charm-anticharm symmetry that are commonly used in global PDF fits, and we find smaller than expected parton distribution at mid to small $x$.
description: 7 pages, 10 figures
The experience of women survivors of stalking : subtitle suggestions for improving support systems
Creators: name: Klassen, Chantelle
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Seven women who have experienced stalking, or criminal harassment were interviewed about the nature of their experience. Specifically, each participant was asked how they were impacted by the event and the ways that they managed the experience. Participants were also asked to comment on their recommendations for future services. Constant comparative method drawn from the grounded theory approach was used to guide the analysis process and to develop themes related to the narratives. Six major themes emerged from the collective discussions with the sample of female stalking survivors. These included: "Stalking as an Ongoing, Abnormal Event;" "Fearing the Unknown;" "Needing to Be Supported and Validated;" "Searching for Safety and Healing;" "Concern for Others;" and "Being Revictimized." Findings indicated that although participants found innovative ways to manage the negative impact of being stalked, additional support systems were needed. Participants described a variety of different stalking experiences, including post-intimate stalking, stranger stalking and acquaintance stalking. Commonalities related to the description of the event and its impact, as well as the methods of coping with the experience. Suggestions for improvement for future survivors of stalking are offered.
A structural model of wealth, obesity and health in the UK
Creators: name: Mazzocchi, Mario
name: Traill, W. Bruce
name: Mazzocchi, Mario
name: Traill, W. Bruce
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Structural Equation Modelling
subject: Body Mass Index
subject: Diet
subject: Blood Pressure
subject: Income

description: Based on a household health production framework, this paper exploits the combination of socioeconomic, health and nutrition information from the UK National Diet and Nutrition Survey to analyze the endogenous relationship among wealth, nutrition, weight and the final health outcomes. Results show that higher wealth determines lower weight and better health as expected, but through a better diet rather than extra exercise or lower calorie consumption.
Additional file 1 of Effects of a 16-week multimodal exercise program on gait performance in individuals with dementia: a multicenter randomized controlled trial
Creators: name: Trautwein, Sandra
name: Barisch-Fritz, Bettina
name: Scharpf, Andrea
name: Ringhof, Steffen
name: Stein, Thorsten
name: Krell-Roesch, Janina
name: Woll, Alexander
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1.
Canonical Analysis of Condensation in Factorised Steady State
Creators: name: Evans, M. R.
name: Majumdar, Satya N.
name: Zia, R. K. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the phenomenon of real space condensation in the steady state of a class of mass transport models where the steady state factorises. The grand canonical ensemble may be used to derive the criterion for the occurrence of a condensation transition but does not shed light on the nature of the condensate. Here, within the canonical ensemble, we analyse the condensation transition and the structure of the condensate, determining the precise shape and the size of the condensate in the condensed phase. We find two distinct condensate regimes: one where the condensate is gaussian distributed and the particle number fluctuations scale normally as $L^{1/2}$ where $L$ is the system size, and a second regime where the particle number fluctuations become anomalously large and the condensate peak is non-gaussian. Our results are asymptotically exact and can also be interpreted within the framework of sums of random variables. We further analyse two additional cases: one where the condensation transition is somewhat different from the usual second order phase transition and one where there is no true condensation transition but instead a pseudocondensate appears at superextensive densities.
description: 36 preprint pages
The Impact of the Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence Directive (CSDDD) on EU-China Relations: Navigating Compliance, Trade, and Technological Cooperation
Creators: name: Normann Latouche
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence Directive
subject: EU-China relations
subject: supply chain transparency
subject: Human rights
subject: human rights compliance
subject: blockchain technology
subject: trade tensions

description: This article examines the impact of the Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence Directive (CSDDD) on EU-China relations, particularly focusing on compliance with sustainability standards in global supply chains. The CSDDD introduces stringent requirements for companies operating in the EU to address environmental and human rights impacts throughout their value chains. Chinese suppliers, being significant players in EU supply chains, face challenges in aligning with these standards, yet the directive opens avenues for enhanced technological cooperation, such as blockchain, to foster greater transparency. This dynamic raises questions about potential trade tensions but also highlights opportunities for collaboration in technological innovation and sustainable practices.