cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
General and specific word knowledge as predictors of children's categorization
Creators: name: Whipple, Rachel M.
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 170202 Decision Making
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: There is a debate in the literature as to whether young children’s categorization abilities are more closely related to their general productive vocabulary or their specific word knowledge. The present study examines this relationship in children 18 to 26 months of age. Specifically, it tests the hypothesis that children’s understanding of individual words is more closely related to their category performance than the overall size of their productive vocabulary. Twenty children at 19 months (range= 18-20 months) and 25 months of age (range= 24-26 months) participated in the study. Children’s category performance was assessed using an object manipulation task with novel objects. Half of the children received novel names for the novel objects, and half did not. Two measures were then assessed: children’s knowledge of the novel names in a comprehension test, and children’s productive vocabulary outside of the laboratory, as measured by a parental checklist. Consistent with previous findings, the results indicate that children with larger productive vocabularies show more advanced categorizing. More importantly, however, the data suggest that children who received names for the novel objects outperformed children who did not receive the names, regardless of the size of their productive vocabulary. These findings suggest that hearing object names help children categorize objects, and may be a better predictor of children’s category performance than their productive vocabulary.
Infants' Ability to Learn That Animates Possess ‘Vital Forces’
Creators: name: DeWath, Sarah
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 170199 Psychology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Previous studies have shown that preschoolers endorse abstract reasons as causally responsible
for familiar biological events for animals (e.g., energy causes movement) but not for machines
(Gottfried & Gelman, 2005). These biological phenomena are often explained by vitalistic
explanations within a naïve theory of biology (Morris, Taplin, & Gelman, 2000). Understanding
the distinction in the categorization of energy and motion of animates and inanimates is
important in assessing the role of energy production and transfer. In this study, I examined
whether infants categorize animates and inanimates by their differences in energy and motion.
Infants at 11-13 and 15-17 months of age were habituated to a casual event between an agent and
recipient ball, modeled after Michotte (1963).
Superconductivity in the elements, alloys and simple compounds
Creators: name: Webb, G. W.
name: Marsiglio, F.
name: Hirsch, J. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We give a brief review of superconductivity at ambient pressure in elements, alloys, and simple three-dimensional compounds. Historically these were the first superconducting materials studied, and based on the experimental knowledge gained from them the BCS theory of superconductivity was developed in 1957. Extended to include the effect of phonon retardation, the theory is believed to describe the subset of superconducting materials known as `conventional superconductors', where superconductivity is caused by the electron-phonon interaction. These include the elements, alloys and simple compounds discussed in this article and several other classes of materials discussed in other articles in this Special Issue.
description: Accepted for publication in Physica C, Special Issue on Superconducting Materials
Japanese and American Computer Crime Policy
Creators: name: Handerhan, Ryan
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 170199 Psychology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: The development of a strong information‐based economy is dependent upon the trust and belief of its users and customers in the integrity and security of information. National policy plays an enormous role in not only bolstering the trust of the people, but can also be effective in deterring cyber crimes and protecting critical data from unauthorized or malicious access, reproduction, or destruction. This thesis compares the American Computer Fraud and Abuse Act and the Japanese Unauthorized Computer Access Law in order to glean knowledge that can be used to make policy recommendations. Subsequently, these recommendations can be used to create more effective information security policy on a national level that will reduce cyber crime and increase people’s trust of information systems
Numerical Brill-Lindquist initial data with a Schwarzschildean end at spatial infinity
Creators: name: Doulis, Georgios
name: Rinne, Oliver
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct numerically time-symmetric initial data that are Schwarzschildean at spatial infinity and Brill-Lindquist in the interior. The transition between these two data sets takes place along a finite gluing region equipped with an axisymmetric Brill wave metric. The construction is based on an application of Corvino's gluing method using Brill waves due to Giulini and Holzegel. Here, we use a gluing function that includes a simple angular dependence. We also investigate the dependence of the ADM mass of our construction on the details of the gluing procedure.
description: 6 pages, 1 figure, 1 table. Conference proceedings for the Spanish Relativity Meeting, Valencia 2014
Improving Task Performance in an Affect-mediated Computing System
Creators: name: Pai, Vivek
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 80609 Information Systems Management
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Computing systems have traditionally relied on purely quantitative means of assessing users. Software may record facts about users such as their click behaviors, their accuracies, and their rates of recurrence, and may then use this acquired data to make predictions about their behaviors and preferences. However, users’ inputs into a machine, sequences of key presses and mouse movements, do not capture all of their desires and needs. The machine may never know that a particular user enjoys the glow of a button and its placement among others elements of an interface. Furthermore, it cannot perceive a user’s discomfort during accomplishing a task; it may simply translate the user’s high accuracy in hitting various steps of a process into a mastery of the task. The machine, which might be intelligent, may not sense the user’s uncertainty of his or her actions, expressed by widened eyes, a stutter in voice, and a hand clasped behind the neck.
In this project, we explore how an affect-mediated system, a computing system that adapts its actions and behavior to the emotional state of its users, can improve their abilities to complete tasks and meet their goals. In particular, we apply facial expression recognition, one method for estimating a human’s emotional state, to a children’s game, giving it the ability to adjust its difficulty based on its player’s perceived unease. Through experimentation with this game, we determine whether affect-mediation helps users achieve their goal of winning the game, and whether in general affect-mediated systems can aid in user task completion.
Our study consisted of two conditions: affect (the game would adjust its difficulty based on the player’s emotion) and control. Participants in the affect condition tended to have a higher catch/total ratio (the number of items caught by the participant divided by the total number of items spawned in the game). They also had less struggles (a catch followed by one or several misses) and these struggles were more spread out than in the control condition, suggesting a higher level of engagement.
Additional file 1 of Extrasynaptic NMDA receptors in acute and chronic excitotoxicity: implications for preventive treatments of ischemic stroke and late-onset Alzheimer’s disease
Creators: name: Yu, Shan P.
name: Jiang, Michael Q.
name: Shim, Seong S.
name: Pourkhodadad, Soheila
name: Wei, Ling
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Mental Health
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Supplementary Material 1
Learning phoneme discrimination at the end of words in typical developing infants
Creators: name: Yee, Meagan
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 170199 Psychology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: When children learn about minimal-pair phonemes (such as /d/ and /t/) is it specific to word position or does their knowledge of the phoneme generalize to all word-positions? Previous research has shown that 14-month old infants are able to be trained to use phonemic distinctions in the word-initial position. The set of experiments conducted in this study aim to see if 14- month old infants can be taught to use phonetic distinctions in word final-position using similar training used to help them use phonetic distinctions in word-initial position. The results indicate that similar training fails to help them discriminate between /d/ and /t/ at the end of words. However, preliminary results suggest that older infants can effectively learn to use this phonetic distinction word-finally when taught words that have /d/ and /t/ occurring word-finally. One implication from this study is that learning phonemes is specific and not abstract.
Going online and maintaining the multi-professional team approach
Creators: name: Bächi, Sonja
name: Hilpertshauser, Margrit
name: Sgier, Corina
name: Strasser-Peter, Barbara
name: Preusse-Bleuler, Barbara
Publisher: name: ZHAW Zürcher Hochschule für Angewandte Wissenschaften
Year: 2023
Subjects: 610.73: Pflege

description: Background:
– The Covid-19 pandemic limited health professionals meeting directly with families, as well as limiting sharing within families
– Since then, the multi-professional team of the Family Systems Care Unit has also been meeting with families online, while conducting face-to-face online supervision for health professionals

Challenges:
– Lack ofbody-to-body interaction (Turkle, 2020)
– Feelings of frustration or shame when digital literacy is lacking (Rohr, 2020)
– Setting must be prepared: stable internet-connection, end-to-end key-software (Weinberg, H., 2020)
– An informed consent clarifies the rights and obligations during the interview and for the recording

Opportunities:
– The families' experiences can later benefit teaching and research
– Range extension, no travel time
– Mutual support in dealing with digital skills across generations
– Disturbances must be addressed and relation to current dynamics of the group support all members (Rohr, N., 2022)
– Family clinicians benefits from their support team
– Collective waiting rooms before and at the end of a session offer all participants the opportunity to arrive in time before and allow for farewell afterwards

Discussion:
– Further research on family care online conversations is necessary, on specific elements of online group sessions, such as building cohesion and therapeutic presence online, and into how the working partnership and cohesion are formed in online groups compared to face-to-face groups

Conclusion:
– The combination of online family conversation and simultaneous online live supervision enablespositive outcomesforfamilies and the team
– Online pre-and post-sessions and the team's background presence support the counsellor and enable high-level family conversations
– Online family conversations and team collaboration are effective when pace and communication style are adapted to the online setting (Rohr, N., 2022)
– Alleviating suffering is possible by creating a context for change (Wright & Bell, 2021)
– Despitegeographical and physical distance familiescan speak about difficult topics with professional support
Structure of conformal gravity in the presence of a scale breaking scalar field
Creators: name: Mannheim, Philip D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit the structure of conformal gravity in the presence of a c-number, conformally coupled, long range, macroscopic scalar field. And in the static, spherically symmetric case discuss two classes of exact exterior solutions, in one of which the scalar field has a constant value and in the other, which is due to Brihaye and Verbin, it has a radial dependence. In light of these two solutions Horne and then Hobson and Lasenby raised the concern that the fitting of conformal gravity to galactic rotation curves had been misapplied and thus called the successful fitting of the conformal theory into question. We show that the analysis of Brihaye and Verbin is not actually general, but is nonetheless valid in the particular case that they studied. For the analyses of Horne and of Hobson and Lasenby we show that this macroscopic scalar field is not related to the mass generation that is required in a conformal theory. Rather, not just in conformal gravity, but also in standard Einstein gravity, the presence of such a long range scalar field would lead to test particles whose masses would be of the same order as the masses of the galaxies around which they orbit. Since particle masses are not at all of this form, such macroscopic fields cannot be responsible for mass generation; and the existence of any such mass-generating scalar fields can be excluded, consistent with there actually being no known massless scalar particles in nature. Instead, mass generation has to be due to c-number vacuum expectation values of q-number fields. Such expectation values are microscopic not macroscopic and only vary within particle interiors, giving particles an extended, baglike structure, as needed for localization in a conformal theory. And being purely internal they have no effect on galactic orbits, to thus leave the good conformal gravity fitting to galactic rotation curves intact.
description: 20 pages, 1 figure. Revised and shortened
Mapping Israel’s Virtual Water Trade
Creators: name: Astrow, Raphael
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 80609 Information Systems Management
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Virtual water trade is the hidden flow of water when food or other commodities are traded from one place to another. For instance, it takes 40 liters of water on average to produce and ship one slice of toast. When a country like Israel imports a slice of toast, it indirectly imports 40 liters of water on average. The precise volume of virtual water in any commodity is affected by climatic conditions and agricultural practice (Allan 2).
Aggregate virtual water trade is a good indicator of how strong a country’s agricultural sector is and how much agricultural products are consumed in the origin country and how much are exported abroad. Aggregate virtual water trade is also a strong indicator of how economically and environmentally sound a country is. When countries import large amounts of virtual water, it may indicate that the country’s economy is strong and the country can engage in international trade (Allan 19). Countries that import more virtual water than they export may be in a water deficit – its freshwater sources cannot sustain its inhabitants’ water needs. Still, relatively few people understand the concept or realize its significance to the world’s economy and the natural environment.
ICR: Iterative Convex Refinement for Sparse Signal Recovery Using Spike and Slab Priors
Creators: name: Mousavi, Hojjat S.
name: Monga, Vishal
name: Tran, Trac D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this letter, we address sparse signal recovery using spike and slab priors. In particular, we focus on a Bayesian framework where sparsity is enforced on reconstruction coefficients via probabilistic priors. The optimization resulting from spike and slab prior maximization is known to be a hard non-convex problem, and existing solutions involve simplifying assumptions and/or relaxations. We propose an approach called Iterative Convex Refinement (ICR) that aims to solve the aforementioned optimization problem directly allowing for greater generality in the sparse structure. Essentially, ICR solves a sequence of convex optimization problems such that sequence of solutions converges to a sub-optimal solution of the original hard optimization problem. We propose two versions of our algorithm: a.) an unconstrained version, and b.) with a non-negativity constraint on sparse coefficients, which may be required in some real-world problems. Experimental validation is performed on both synthetic data and for a real-world image recovery problem, which illustrates merits of ICR over state of the art alternatives.
description: Submitted to IEEE Signal Processing Letters, Feb 2015
Open-Ended Play With Magnetic Unit Blocks: The Educational and Collaborative Impact of Modular Mighty Magz on 4-6 Year-Old Children
Creators: name: Howe, Benjamin Scott Coulson
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 170199 Psychology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: The goal of this study was to investigate whether young children’s collaborative play and learning about magnetism could be enhanced by open-ended play with an innovative type of magnetic unit blocks that teachers could use in conjunction with an explicit lesson about magnetism. This research was completed as part of a dual thesis: the BXA Capstone Project and the H&SS Honors Thesis. The BXA Capstone Project was dedicated to the design and construction of the toy: Modular Mighty Magz. The H&SS Honors Thesis was dedicated to the experimental evaluation of the educational and collaborative impact of Modular Mighty Magz. The four-year-olds and kindergarten children at the Carnegie Mellon Children’s School participated in four different assessments. Children were given a three part pre- and post-test interview that asked questions about magnets and magnetic fields, magnetic poles, and magnetic versus non-magnetic objects. Between the pre- and post-test interviews, the children’s teachers did a group lesson about magnetism during circle time and then gave the children time in groups of four to play with either Modular Mighty Magz or a common magnet toy, Mega Magz, in a separate room for 15 minutes. The play time was used to determine the collaborative impact of Modular Mighty Magz versus Mega Magz. A 2 (age [four-year-olds/kindergarten]) x 2 (toy [Modular Mighty Magz/Mega Magz]) mixed design ANOVA was conducted for all four of the dependent measures. Overall the results showed that every child improved, with kindergartners performing better than the four-year-olds, between the pre- and post-test interviews on the magnet and magnetic field questions and magnetic pole questions. This demonstrated the creation of an effective teacher lesson. There was a three-way interaction between age, toy used, and the magnetic versus non-magnetic object questions. It was determined that the four-year-olds did not improve on this test or have any benefit in which toy they used. However, the children who were given Modular Mighty Magz and were in kindergarten had a significant improvement in responses to these questions whereas those who got the Mega Magz did not improve on their scores. Children in both age groups spent significantly more time collaborating with the Modular Mighty Magz than with the Mega Magz. Thus, the teacher lesson effectively taught the children concepts of magnetism. Even with only a fifteen minute play session, the materials I designed, Modular Mighty Magz, were more effective than an existing toy in improving concepts for the kindergartners regarding magnetic versus non-magnetic objects and in promoting collaboration for all ages.
Real-time observation of charge-spin cooperative dynamics driven by a nonequilibrium phonon environment
Creators: name: Kuroyama, Kazuyuki
name: Matsuo, Sadashige
name: Muramoto, Jo
name: Yabunaka, Shunsuke
name: Valentin, Sasha R.
name: Ludwig, Arne
name: Wieck, Andreas D.
name: Tokura, Yasuhiro
name: Tarucha, Seigo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum dots are recognized as a suitable platform for studying thermodynamic phenomena involving single electronic charges and spins in nano-scale devices. However, such a thermodynamic system is usually driven by electron reservoirs at different temperatures, not by a lattice temperature gradient. We report on experimental observations of charge-spin cooperative dynamics in transitions of two-electron spin states in a GaAs double quantum dot located in a non-equilibrium phonon environment. Enhancements in the spin-flip processes are observed, originating from phonon excitation combined with the spin-orbit interaction. In addition, due to the spatial gradient of phonon density between the dots, the spin-flip rate during an inter-dot electron tunnel from a hot to a cold dot is more enhanced than in the other direction, resulting in accumulation of parallel spin states in the double dot.
Beamforming and Transmit Power Design for Intelligent Reconfigurable Surface-aided Secure Spatial Modulation
Creators: name: Shu, Feng
name: Jiang, Xinyi
name: Cai, Wenlong
name: Shi, Weiping
name: Huang, Mengxing
name: Wang, Jiangzhou
name: You, Xiaohu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) is a promising solution to build a programmable wireless environment for future communication systems, in which the reflector elements steer the incident signal in fully customizable ways by passive beamforming. In this paper, an IRS-aided secure spatial modulation (SM) is proposed, where the IRS perform passive beamforming and information transfer simultaneously by adjusting the on-off states of the reflecting elements. We formulate an optimization problem to maximize the average secrecy rate (SR) by jointly optimizing the passive beamforming at IRS and the transmit power at transmitter under the consideration that the direct pathes channels from transmitter to receivers are obstructed by obstacles. As the expression of SR is complex, we derive a newly fitting expression (NASR) for the expression of traditional approximate SR (TASR), which has simpler closed-form and more convenient for subsequent optimization. Based on the above two fitting expressions, three beamforming methods, called maximizing NASR via successive convex approximation (Max-NASR-SCA), maximizing NASR via dual ascent (Max-NASR-DA) and maximizing TASR via semi-definite relaxation (Max-TASR-SDR) are proposed to improve the SR performance. Additionally, two transmit power design (TPD) methods are proposed based on the above two approximate SR expressions, called Max-NASR-TPD and Max-TASR-TPD. Simulation results show that the proposed Max-NASR-DA and Max-NASR-SCA IRS beamformers harvest substantial SR performance gains over Max-TASR-SDR. For TPD, the proposed Max-NASR-TPD performs better than Max-TASR-TPD. Particularly, the Max-NASR-TPD has a closed-form solution.
title: Editorial
Creators: name: Connelly, Graham
Publisher: name: Strathprints - University of Strathclyde
Year: 2020

description: Welcome to the first issue of SJRCC of the new decade. We publish in the month that has also seen the publication of the reports of the Independent Care Review in Scotland. The review was established in February 2017, following a meeting in October 2016, at which Scotland's First Minister, Nicola Sturgeon, listened to children and young people in care and care experienced adults and made a commitment at the SNP conference. Ms Sturgeon told her party delegates that she intended to commission an independent, 'root and branch review' of Scotland's children in care system.
Nuclear matter equation of state including few-nucleon correlations $(A\leq 4)$
Creators: name: Röpke, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Light clusters (mass number $A \leq 4$) in nuclear matter at subsaturation densities are described using a quantum statistical approach. In addition to self-energy and Pauli-blocking, effects of continuum correlations are taken into account to calculate the quasiparticle properties and abundances of light elements. Medium-modified quasiparticle properties are important ingredients to derive a nuclear matter equation of state applicable in the entire region of warm dense matter below saturation density. Moreover, the contribution of continuum states to the equation of state is considered. The effect of correlations within the nuclear medium on the quasiparticle energies is estimated. The properties of light clusters and continuum correlations in dense matter are of interest for nuclear structure calculations, heavy ion collisions, and for astrophysical applications such as the formation of neutron stars in core-collapse supernovae.
description: 24 pages, 4 figures
Non-topological nature of the edge current in a chiral p-wave superconductor
Creators: name: Huang, Wen
name: Lederer, Samuel
name: Taylor, Edward
name: Kallin, Catherine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The edges of time reversal symmetry breaking topological superconductors support chiral Majorana bound states as well as spontaneous charge currents. The Majorana modes are a robust, topological property, but the charge currents are non-topological--and therefore sensitive to microscopic details--even if we neglect Meissner screening. We give insight into the non-topological nature of edge currents in chiral p-wave superconductors using a variety of theoretical techniques, including lattice Bogoliubov-de Gennes equations, the quasiclassical approximation, and the gradient expansion, and describe those special cases where edge currents do have a topological character. While edge currents are not quantized, they are generically large, but can be substantially reduced for a sufficiently anisotropic gap function, a scenario of possible relevance for the putative chiral p-wave superconductor Sr$_2$RuO$_4$.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures
On a nonlinear model in domains with cavities arising from cardiac electrophysiology
Creators: name: Beretta, E.
name: Cerutti, M. C.
name: Pierotti, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35J25, 35J61 35N25, 35J20, 92C50

description: In this paper we deal with the problem of determining perfectly insulating regions (cavities) from boundary measurements in a nonlinear elliptic equation arising from cardiac electrophysiology. With minimal regularity assumptions on the cavities, we first show well-posedness of the direct problem and then prove uniqueness for the inverse problem.
description: To appear in Inverse Problems
Otaku: A Digital Manga
Creators: name: Porten, Tyler
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 200202 Asian Cultural Studies
subject: FOS: Other humanities

description: In both Japan and America, “otaku” is a term that carries varied meanings. It can describe those who enjoy watching anime and playing games, as well as those who attempt to legally marry fictional video game characters. How did otaku culture develop, and what does it mean to be an otaku today?
OTAKU: A DIGITAL MANGA aims to understand the otaku culture of Japan by analyzing manga, anime, and games, as well as those who produce and consume it. We deliver our research findings in the form of an original digital manga.
Rainfed-based production of Megathyrsus maximus in sub-Saharan Africa: the case of the semi-arid environment of Sudan
Creators: name: Mohamed, Hussein I
name: Ahmed, Shamseddin M
name: Mohamed, Adil D
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology

description: The performance of rainfed-based Megathyrsus maximus (syn. Urochloa maxima and Panicum maximum) was investigated in the semi-arid pastures of Sudan. Split-plot complete design experiments with three replications were applied for two consecutive seasons (2020–2021). The treatments were two in situ rainwater harvesting systems [i.e. ridges plus terraces (RD) and terraces (TR)], three seeding rates (i.e. 1.5, 2.5 and 3.5 kg ha−1) and two urea fertilisation rates [0 kg ha−1 (Z) and 95 kg ha−1 (F)]. These treatments were compared to a control (a flat, unfertilised and zero-tillage plot). Hydrological, biological and chemical indicators were used in the assessment. The results showed that the adopted RWH improved semi-arid pastures, with the RD treatment providing the best results for sustaining biomass production, water use efficiency, nutritional quality and soil quality. The highest plant density (112 000 plants ha−1) was associated with the RD3.5 treatment. The FSR1.5-RD treatment resulted in the greatest plant length (63.5 cm) and number of leaves per plant (34.59), whilst the FSR3.5-RD resulted in both the highest fresh biomass (25.9 t ha−1) and dry biomass (6.3 t ha−1). The chemical compositions of M. maximus (i.e. crude protein, organic matter and nitrogen contents) were also substantially improved by fertilisation. The water use efficiency of M. maximus was plant-, management- and climate-dependent.
Additional file 2 of Extrasynaptic NMDA receptors in acute and chronic excitotoxicity: implications for preventive treatments of ischemic stroke and late-onset Alzheimer’s disease
Creators: name: Yu, Shan P.
name: Jiang, Michael Q.
name: Shim, Seong S.
name: Pourkhodadad, Soheila
name: Wei, Ling
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Mental Health
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Supplementary Material 2
$K_S$ semileptonic decays and test of $\mathcal{CPT}$ symmetry with the KLOE detector
Creators: name: Kamińska, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Study of semileptonic decays of neutral kaons allows to perform a test of discrete symmetries, as well as basic principles of the Standard Model. In this paper a general review on dependency between charge asymmetry constructed for semileptonic decays of short- and long-lived kaons and $\mathcal{CPT}$ symmetry is given.
description: 6 pages, 1 figure
Propagation of singularities for subelliptic wave equations
Creators: name: Letrouit, Cyril
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: H{ö}rmander's propagation of singularities theorem does not fully describe the propagation of singularities in subelliptic wave equations, due to the existence of doubly characteristic points. In the present work, building upon a visionary conference paper by R. Melrose \cite{Mel86}, we prove that singularities of subelliptic wave equations only propagate along null-bicharacteristics and abnormal extremals, which are well-known curves in optimal control theory. As a consequence, we characterize the singular support of subelliptic wave kernels outside the diagonal. These results show that abnormal extremals play an important role in the classical-quantum correspondence between sub-Riemannian geometry and sub-Laplacians.
The Sloane Lab: Looking back to build future shared collections
Creators: name: Nyhan, Julianne
name: Vlachidis, Andreas
name: Carine, Mark Andrew
name: Hill, Jeremy
name: Jansari, Sushma
name: Pearlman, Nina
name: Flinn, Andrew David
name: Hughes, Alicia
name: Humbel, Marco
name: James, Hanna
name: Metilli, Daniele
name: Pickering, Victoria
name: Sadek, Jawad
name: Sloan, Kim
name: Terracciano, Alda
name: Valeonti, Foteini
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: During his long life, Sir Hans Sloane (1660-1753) amassed an immense and diverse collection, perhaps the most significant of the early modern period. Assembled from c.1680s onwards, it included natural history and pharmaceutical objects, as well as books, manuscripts, prints, drawings, coins and other objects from across the world. The collection was built through commercial transactions, as well as personal favours and gifts. Sloane was able to finance his collecting practice over time through means that included his gains from Transatlantic Slavery, including investments in private companies such as the Royal African Company, and profits from plantations in Jamaica, built on the forced labour of enslaved people via the inherited wealth of his wife, Elizabeth Rose. Other income sources included the substantial sums he earned as a society and royal physician, through rent collected on land he owned in London, and salaries from public offices. The collection’s assembly also depended on a vast network of individuals, up and down the social hierarchy and across different cultures, many of whom were part of a global trade of goods and people. Similarly, Sloane employed many individuals to help him catalogue the different parts of his collection in more than 40 manuscript catalogues. These handwritten lists include numbered object descriptions, which sometimes put each item in context, sometimes giving details of when, where and how they were acquired. Considered to be encyclopaedic, this collection was Sloane’s attempt to encompass the world and its knowledge. To collect the world was to know the world, and knowledge meant power. The knowledge structures, such as naming, classification and cataloguing systems for different types of objects, that Sloane and others produced at this time through their collecting practices, often systemically silenced the voices and methods of knowledge production of people and cultures that were ‘collected’. Thus, the Sloane Lab project does not view the task of reassembling Sloane's collection, and information about it in the public space, as a technical task only. It rather seeks to create connections between collections in order to critically assess and redress the knowledge structures it establishes and avoid perpetuating the problematic aspects of its origins. Its central purpose and mandate are to explore how digital platforms can draw attention to problematic aspects of our shared cultural heritage and respond to new questions about such a vast and varied collection.
The Role of Probiotics in Cancer Prevention Receives Increasing Attention
Creators: name: Clara, Lisa
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: The current understanding of the potential of probiotics to prevent the occurrence of liver cancer provides some new hints for future risk management and alternative treatment of liver cancer. Probiotics can reduce the risk of liver cancer by regulating the host intestinal flora to prevent endotoxemia associated with dysbacteriosis, maintaining the intestinal epithelial barrier function, and inhibiting the translocation of intestinal bacteria and their derivatives into the body circulation.
title: On root/route : engaging nature as therapeutic partner through land praxis in residential child care contexts
Creators: name: Moore, Shannon A.
name: Duffin, Kimberly
Publisher: name: Strathprints - University of Strathclyde
Year: 2020

description: Connection to land as a resource for resiliency and well-being is supported by evidenced-based literature for individuals across the life span. This paper invites the reader to imagine residential child and youth care as having a central connection to experiential nature-based therapies across rural and urban settings. To begin, this paper contextualises the notion of Land Praxis theoretically before exploring the application of nature-based therapies in residential care contexts. Drawing upon transdisciplinary and posthuman discourses, an emphasis on organic non-linear connections will be brought forward to inform the application of various experiential therapies in natural environments. As Canadian scholars and practitioners, the authors position themselves within the discourses informing this project while emphasizing the practical application of theory to practice. This standpoint is further informed by the understanding that young people living in residential care often demonstrate elevated mental health, educational, behavioural and social challenges. These realities are confounded by the current global climate crisis, which few now deny, and the increased anxiety associated with planet survival uncertainty. This paper presents an argument that more than ever returning to land-based experiences may be an antidote for the anxiety felt by many young people seeking agency over their uncertain futures.
Excitonic Tonks-Girardeau and charge-density wave phases in monolayer semiconductors
Creators: name: Ołdziejewski, Rafał
name: Chiocchetta, Alessio
name: Knörzer, Johannes
name: Schmidt, Richard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Excitons in two-dimensional semiconductors provide a novel platform for fundamental studies of many-body interactions. In particular, dipolar interactions between spatially indirect excitons may give rise to strongly correlated phases of matter that so far have been out of reach of experiments. Here, we show that excitonic few-body systems in atomically thin transition-metal dichalcogenides undergo a crossover from a Tonks-Girardeau to a charge-density-wave regime. To this end, we take into account realistic system parameters and predict the effective exciton-exciton interaction potential. We find that the pair correlation function contains key signatures of the many-body crossover already at small exciton numbers and show that photoluminescence spectra provide readily accessible experimental fingerprints of these strongly correlated quantum many-body states.
A multivalued version of the Radon-Nikodym theorem, via the single-valued Gould integral
Creators: name: Candeloro, Domenico
name: Croitoru, Anca
name: Gavrilut, Alina
name: Sambucini, Anna Rita
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 28B20, 28C15, 49J53

description: Some topics concerning the Gould integral are presented here: new results of integrability on finite measure spaces with values in an M-space are given, together with a Radon-Nikodym theorem relative to a Gould-type integral of real functions with respect to a multisubmeasure.
description: 19 pages
Do native grasses emerge and establish in areas rehabilitated using vetiver grass?
Creators: name: Dlamini, Lindokuhle X
name: Tedder, Michelle J
name: Kirkman, Kevin P
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology

description: Species-rich grasslands provide important ecosystem services, and in South Africa, approximately 40% of these grasslands are degraded. Vetiver grass (from India) is often used during rehabilitation efforts to restore soil function without a thorough understanding of the potential negative ecological impacts. Hence, a study was initiated to investigate vetiver’s ecological impacts during grassland rehabilitation. Firstly, a field survey was conducted using a contiguous quadrat method to evaluate the extent of grass secondary succession in these rehabilitated sites. Secondly, the effect of vetiver competition and seed sowing method on the recruitment of two native grasses (Eragrostis curvula and Megathyrsus maximus) was examined using pot trials. The field survey results showed no evidence of grass secondary succession, but rather the abundance of bare ground around vetiver, and a marked increase in grass species richness with increasing distance from planted vetiver. Subsequently, in the pot trial, vetiver facilitated emergence in both native grasses, and soil surface sowing of indigenous grass seeds showed greater emergence than other sowing methods. However, vetiver inhibited native grass seedling establishment, even when root competition was excluded. This study suggests that areas rehabilitated using vetiver are unlikely to become productive grasslands with good grazing, because vetiver inhibits colonisation by native grasses.
Additional file 1 of Sampling inequalities affect generalization of neuroimaging-based diagnostic classifiers in psychiatry
Creators: name: Chen, Zhiyi
name: Hu, Bowen
name: Liu, Xuerong
name: Becker, Benjamin
name: Eickhoff, Simon B.
name: Miao, Kuan
name: Gu, Xingmei
name: Tang, Yancheng
name: Dai, Xin
name: Li, Chao
name: Leonov, Artemiy
name: Xiao, Zhibing
name: Feng, Zhengzhi
name: Chen, Ji
name: Chuan-Peng, Hu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: Cell Biology
Molecular Biology
Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Science Policy
Mental Health

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1-S8 and Table S1-S25. FigS1. Research pipelines for data acquisition. FigS2. PRISMA 2020 flow diagram for the current study. FigS3. Trends in ML-based diagnostic prediction for psychiatric diseases by neural features. FigS4. Mental health disorders as the portion of total disease burden at 2019. FigS5. Geospatial model for sampling population within China, Germanyand U.K. FigS6. Distribution of methodological details. FigS7. Model performance across algorithm, tookit, cross-validation, sample sizeand skewness. FigS8. Model performance across validations, trajectories, psychiatric categories, journal impacts, scanning technology/modalityand institutes/datasets. TabS1. Curve fitting results for exponential function model. TabS2. Journals counts for papers aiming at neuropsychiatric diagnostic prediction. TabS3. Counts for contributors’ sources for these papers. TabS4. Summary for sample population for these papers in the world. TabS5. Summary for sample population for these papers in the U.S. TabS6. Summary for sample population for these papers in the China. TabS7. Summary for sample population for these papers in the Germany. TabS8. Summary for sample population for these papers in the U.K. TabS9. Sampling inequalities for globe and countries/regions. TabS10. Sampling inequalities for continents. TabS11. Sampling inequalities and national development index. TabS12. Sample size during recent decade for all the studies. TabS13. Sample size during recent decade for studies using self-recruiting sample. TabS14. Sample size during recent decade for studies using open dataset. TabS15. Sample size during recent three decades in the current study. TabS16. Summary for what modelswere built for neuropsychiatric diagnostic prediction in existing studies. TabS17. Summary for what cross-validationschemes were used to estimate model performance. TabS18. Summary for feature selection methods in existing studies. TabS19. Summary for what neural featureswere used in existing studies. TabS20. Summary for what pre-processing methods were used in existing studies. TabS21. Trends for the ratio of using open dataset on training ML models. TabS22. Results for comparison between SVM and DL classifiers on model performance. TabS23. Results for comparison between external validation CVCV) and otherson model performance. TabS24. Results for correlation between time and quality scores. TabS25. Study quality across psychiatric category.
Sustaining mAkE
Creators: name: Wiedow, Kirstin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: This document reports on the Sustainability activities that have been developed within the framework of the mAkE project, which is funded by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 programme under grant agreement No. 101016858.

The mAkE project aimed to create lasting connections between African and European makerspaces. When designing the project legacy, a strategy for sustainability was developed based on the consortium partners embedding all project outputs into their organisational portfolios rather than creating project structures that would not be sustained after the project’s end. This sustainability report illustrates the project's dedication to promoting innovation, ensuring financial sustainability, and fostering environmental stewardship.
Remarks on iterations of the $\mathbb A^1$-chain connected components construction
Creators: name: Balwe, Chetan
name: Rani, Bandna
name: Sawant, Anand
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: K-Theory and Homology (math.KT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We show that the sheaf of $\mathbb A^1$-connected components of a Nisnevich sheaf of sets and its universal $\mathbb A^1$-invariant quotient (obtained by iterating the $\mathbb A^1$-chain connected components construction and taking the direct limit) agree on field-valued points. This establishes an explicit formula for the field-valued points of the sheaf of $\mathbb A^1$-connected components of any space. Given any natural number $n$, we construct an $\mathbb A^1$-connected space on which the iterations of the naive $\mathbb A^1$-connected components construction do not stabilize before the $n$th stage.
description: 8 pages, comments are welcome; v2: minor modifications
Geeks, rebels and prom queens : the risky business of perpetuating the capitalist family in 1980s high school genre films
Creators: name: Landes, Emily
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 200508 Other Literatures in English
subject: FOS: Languages and literature

description: When I was growing up, I wanted nothing more in the world than to be a character in a 1980s high school film. The characters in these films had the coolest of everything: cars, clothes, dance moves. Their parents went away on European vacations
and left them at home. They trashed huge mansions without a second thought. Of course, all of that was only true on one side of the deeply divided socio-economic landscape. Onthe other side, cute rebels worked on their motorcycles while pouty girls designed clothesthat were cooler than what the rest of the kids were wearing.
I was willing to exist on either side of this great divide. I could have been friendly
with the rich kids, with their parties and sports cars, but I was equally enticed by the
creativity, honor and drive that the working class kids seemed to represent. It is only now,
as I look back to the characters I so admired, that I begin to ask some questions about my
favorite films.
 Why were so many teenagers in these films virtually abandoned by their parents?
Why were so many cars destroyed and dresses mangled? Why was romance, but only
heterosexual romance, such an essential component to every film? Why did working
class characters have different rules for success than their middle class counterparts? In
essence, why are the rules of a 1980s high school genre film set the way that they are?