cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Polistes Bequaerti Rechinger, 1921, nov. spec.
Creators: name: Schulthess Rechinger, A. von
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1921
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Eumenidae
Polistes
Polistes bequaerti

description: 3. P. Bequaerti nov. spec. ♀ Magnitudine, structura et sculptura Pol. fastidioso valde similis, quam hic aliquantulum major et robustior et obscurius coloratus. Abdomen, segmento 1. excepto fasciis sulphureis carens. ♂ ignotus. 14-17 Mm. (a vertice usque ad marginemposticum tergiti 2. abdominis). Polistes Bequaerti steht dem P. fastidiosus sehr nahe und stimmt mit ihm vollständig überein in allen plastischen Merkmalen; er ist etwas größer, 14-17 nun (vom Scheitel bis zum Hinterrand des 2. Tergits gemessen) gegen 12-16 mm und viel dunkler gefärbt. Die Grundfarbe ist dunkelkastanienbraun gegenüber dem lederfarbig Hellbraunen des fastidiosus. Kopfschild und Gesicht, ganz rotbraun, innerer Augensaum ganz schmal gelb eingefaßt. Stirne schwarz. Pronotum rotbraun mit schmalem, gelbem Hinterrande. Dorsulum schwarz, Flügelschuppen rot, Schildchen rotbraun, Hinterschildehen dunkelbraun; Mesopleuren und Mittelsegment schwarz, letzteres mit zwei hellgelben Längsflecken. Hinterleibsansatzschuppen hellgelb. Hüften und Beine dunkelbraun bis schwarz, stellenweise dunkelrot: Tarsen heller rot. Abdomen dunkelbraun bis schwarz: 1. Tergit mit in der Mitte schmaler, seitlich sehr stark verbreiteter schwefelgelber Endbinde: 2. Tergit seitlich mit je einem großen dunkelroten Fleck. Flügel wie bei fastidiosus durchweg dunkelgelb, goldig schillernd: Radialzelle verdunkelt: Adern braun; Stigma hellbraun. ('ubitalzelle 2 nach vorn stark verschmälert, Cubitalzelle 3 an der Kadialader ebenso breit als an der Cubitalader. Vorkommen: NO-Rhodesia, Hochplateau des Tanganyikasees, 4500 Fuß,,im dichten Walde" August 1908 Neave leg 12 ♀ (c. m.; Hope Museum Oxford). Var.: Unterrand des Kopfschildes schmal gelb eingefaßt, schmale gelbe Endbinde auf Tergit 2-5. 1 ♀ Übergang zu fastidiosus. Fundort wie Stammform. Ich halte diese Art für eine dunkle Varietät des P. fastidiosus: das Bekanntwerden des. Männchens wird erst Sicherheit bringen. 5. P. bituberculalus R. du Buysson (Bull. Soc. ent France, 1905, p. 257) halte ich für die madegassisehe, ganz dunkle Lokalform des P. Smithii Saussure; s. daselbst. Die von du Buysson beschriebenen Gebilde an den Sterniten des ♂ scheinen nicht konstant zu sein: denn sie fehlen den 3. Männern meiner Sammlung, alles von du Buysson bestimmten Tieren. Dahin gehören unzweifelhaft auch Saussures (Grandidier, Hist..Madagaskar XX T. 1. Hym, 1890, p. 14<i) var. c und h, die auch in meiner Sammlung als Coptype Saussures stecken.
description: Published as part of Schulthess Rechinger, A. von, 1921, Zur Kenntnis äthiopischer Vespiden (Hym.), pp. 121-126 in Entomologische Mitteilungen 10 (4) on pages 123-124, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.15733
Power Counting Energy Flow Polynomials
Creators: name: Cal, Pedro
name: Thaler, Jesse
name: Waalewijn, Wouter J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Power counting is a systematic strategy for organizing collider observables and their associated theoretical calculations. In this paper, we use power counting to characterize a class of jet substructure observables called energy flow polynomials (EFPs). EFPs provide an overcomplete linear basis for infrared-and-collinear safe jet observables, but it is known that in practice, a small subset of EFPs is often sufficient for specific jet analysis tasks. By applying power counting arguments, we obtain linear relationships between EFPs that hold for quark and gluon jets to a specific order in the power counting. We test these relations in the parton shower generator Pythia, finding excellent agreement. Power counting allows us to truncate the basis of EFPs without affecting performance, which we corroborate through a study of quark-gluon tagging and regression.
description: 36 pages, 8 tables, 11 figures
title: Optimising storm-water drainage networks
Creators: name: A. Walters, G.
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2023

description: This thesis examines ways in which the design of storm water drainage networks can be optimised and proposes, develops and tests some such methods. The introduction is followed by a r~su~ of current design practice and an examination of previous work on the drainage optimisation problem. Methods of estimating the construction cost of a drainage ne:twork are detailed and fwctions proposed for modelling these costs. The optimisation problem may logically be split into two areas, namely optimising fixed plan networks and optimising variable plan networks. The former involves the simultaneous selection of gradients and diameters for a network of pipes fixed in plan. A new Dynamic Programming model is proposed for this, having several advantages over previously published methods. The main area of innovation is, however, in optimising variable plan networks. The general plan optimisation problem is seen to be far too complex for solution. However~ taking the special case of road drainag~ networks» two possible modes of optimisation are defined. These are, firstly, the positioning of an unknown number of manholes along a drain running between two fixed manholes, and secondly, the positioning of an unknown number of cross-drains along a road carriageway. Both modes include the simultaneous choice of pipe gradients and diameters. Models for these modes are proposed, with practical computer programs being developed and tested. Both models use a novel form of Dynamic Programming conceived and developed during this research. The thesis ends with a brief outline of a Dynamic Programming solution to a rather different variable plan problem, followed by suggestions of areas for further study and conclusions of both a specific and a general nature.
Sampling local properties of attractors via Extreme Value Theory
Creators: name: Faranda, Davide
name: Freitas, Jorge Milhazes
name: Guiraud, Pierre
name: Vaienti, Sandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We provide formulas to compute the coefficients entering the affine scaling needed to get a non-degenerate function for the asymptotic distribution of the maxima of some kind of observable computed along the orbit of a randomly perturbed dynamical system. This will give information on the local geometrical properties of the stationary measure. We will consider systems perturbed with additive noise and with observational noise. Moreover we will apply our techniques to chaotic systems and to contractive systems, showing that both share the same qualitative behavior when perturbed.
Probing the Quantum Noise of the Spinon Fermi Surface with NV Centers
Creators: name: Khoo, Jun Yong
name: Pientka, Falko
name: Lee, Patrick A.
name: Villadiego, Inti Sodemann
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the transverse electrical conductivity and the corresponding magnetic noise of a two-dimensional U(1) spin liquid state with a spinon Fermi surface. We show that in the quasi-static regime these responses have the same wave-vector dependence as that of a metal but are reduced by a dimensionless pre-factor controlled by the ratio of orbital diamagnetic susceptibilities of the spinons and chargons, correcting previous work. We estimate that this quasi-static regime is comfortably accessed by the typical NV center splittings of a few GHz and estimate that the expected T1 times for an NV center placed above candidate materials, such as the organic dmit and ET salts, monolayer 1T-TaS2/Se2, would range from several tens to a few hundred milliseconds.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures
Additional file 7 of Which strategies support the effective use of clinical practice guidelines and clinical quality registry data to inform health service delivery? A systematic review
Creators: name: Dempsey, Kathy
name: Ferguson, Caleb
name: Walczak, Adam
name: Middleton, Sandy
name: Levi, Christopher
name: Morton, Rachael L.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: Medicine
Science Policy

description: Additional file 7. PRISMA-S checklist
Революция, или Безумие в облике истины
Creators: name: Кантор, Владимир Карлович
Publisher: name: Studi Slavistici
Year: 2017

description: In his article, Vladimir Kantor examines the mental causes of the Russian revolution of 1917. He analyses, as a matter of fact, the pan-European problem – the darkening of the Christian mind, and how, during social upheavals, elements that despise the mind awake and universal madness is born. The author shows how suicidal moods awake in the masses, leading to social disasters. In such epochs, historical experience is forgotten, and, like zombies, the crowd follows its leaders to the abyss, like in the paintings of Brueghel created on the eve of the Netherlands revolution: Mad Greta, Triumph of Death or Parable of the Blind. So it happened in Russia, and then it took at least a century to get out of the chaos of insanity and return to history.
description: Studi Slavistici, Studi Slavistici XIV • 2017
Nocturnal Temazepam in the Treatment of Narcolepsy
Creators: name: Kansagra, Sujay
name: Walter, Robert
name: Vaughn, Bradley
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Narcolepsy is characterized by fragmented nighttime sleep and frequent arousals. One treatment approach to improve daytime symptoms is to consolidate nighttime sleep through decreasing arousals. Sodium oxybate is the first FDA-approved medication that follows this approach. Benzodiazepines are known to also decrease arousals at night and have been proposed to help with sleep fragmentation. In one report, clonazepam was shown to improve cataplexy in 10 of 14 patients with narcolepsy although no improvement in daytime sleepiness was reported. The purpose of this case review was to share our experience of nocturnal temazepam on daytime sleepiness in patients with narcolepsy as measured by the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS).
Spin- and Flux-gap Renormalization in the Random Kitaev Spin Ladder
Creators: name: Kao, Wen-Han
name: Perkins, Natalia B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the Kitaev spin ladder with random couplings by using the real-space renormalization group technique. This model is the minimum model in Kitaev systems that has conserved plaquette fluxes, and its quasi-one-dimensional geometry makes it possible to study the strong-disorder fixed points for both spin- and flux- excitation gaps. In the Ising limit, the behavior of the spin gap is consistent with the familiar random transverse-field Ising chain, but the flux gap is dominated by the y-coupling. In the XX limit, while the x- and y-couplings are renormalized simultaneously, the z-couplings are not renormalized drastically and lead to non-universal disorder criticality at low-energy scales.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
The Letter that was Missing. On the Return of the Letter Ґ to the Ukrainian Legal Language
Creators: name: Голетиани, Лиана
Publisher: name: Studi Slavistici
Year: 2017

description: This paper is about the orthographic variability of the Ukrainian contemporary legal language. The focus will be on the usage of the letter “Ґ” (ge with upturn). During the Soviet age this letter was codified in the orthographic norm of Charkiv (1928) but in 1933 it was taken out of the Ukrainian alphabet because of the Soviet Russification policy. It fell out of usage for decades, but was reintroduced on the eve of Ukrainian independence in 1990. This study was carried out on a corpus of Ukrainian legal documents from the last 25 years. Regardless of varying results for discrete words, the figures show unequivocally that the letter has returned to active linguistic usage.
description: Studi Slavistici, Studi Slavistici XIV • 2017
On the Accuracy of Three-dimensional Kinematic Distances
Creators: name: Reid, Mark J
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Over the past decade, the BeSSeL Survey and the VERA project have measured trigonometric parallaxes to approximately 250 massive, young stars using VLBI techniques. These sources trace spiral arms over nearly half of the Milky Way. What is now needed are accurate distances to such stars which are well past the Galactic center. Here we analyze the potential for addressing this need by combining line-of-sight velocities and proper motions to yield 3D kinematic distance estimates. For sources within about 10 kpc of the Sun, significant systematic uncertainties can occur, and trigonometric parallaxes are generally superior. However, for sources well past the Galactic center, 3D kinematic distances are robust and more accurate than can usually be achieved by trigonometic parallaxes.
description: 10 pages; 5 figures
Sleep Medicine Care Under One Roof: A Proposed Model for Integrating Dentistry and Medicine
Creators: name: Essick, Greg
name: Aronsky, Amy J.
name: Sharma, Sunil
name: Schwartz, David
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Integrating oral appliance therapy into the delivery of care for sleeprelated breathing disorders has been a challenge for dental and medical professionals alike. We review the difficulties that have been faced and propose a multidisciplinary care delivery model that integrates dental sleep medicine and sleep medicine under the same roof with educational and research components. The model promises to offer distinct advantages to improved patient care, continuity of treatment, and the central coordination of clinical and insurance-related benefits.
Enhancing Data Warehouse management through semi-automatic data integration and complex graph generation
Creators: name: Ciobanu, Madalina Georgeta
Publisher: name: Universita degli studi di Salerno
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: INF/01 INFORMATICA
subject: Data warehouse

description: 2013 - 2014
description: Strategic information is one of the main assets for many organizations and, in the next future, it will become increasingly more important to enable the decisionmakers answer questions about their business, such as how to increase their profitability. A proper decision-making process is benefited by information that is frequently scattered among several heterogeneous databases. Such databases may come from several organization systems and even from external sources. As a result, organization managers have to deal with the issue of integrating several databases from independent data sources containing semantic differences and no specific or canonical concept description. Data Warehouse Systems were born to integrate such kind of heterogeneous data in order to be successively extracted and analyzed according to the manager’s needs and business plans. Besides being difficult and onerous to design, integrate and build, Data Warehouse Systems present another issue related to the difficulty to represent multidimensional information typical of the result of OLAP operations, such as aggregations on data cubes, extraction of sub-cubes or rotations of the data axis, through easy to understand views... [edited by Author]
Additional file 1 of Codesigning simulations and analyzing the process to ascertain principles of authentic and meaningful research engagement in childhood disability research
Creators: name: Micsinszki, Samantha K.
name: Tanel, Nadia L.
name: Kowal, Julia
name: King, Gillian
name: Menna-Dack, Dolly
name: Chu, Angel
name: Phoenix, Michelle
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. GRIPP2 long form.
Electromagnetic Composites: from Effective Medium Theories to Metamaterials
Creators: name: Qin, Faxiang
name: Peng, Mengyue
name: Estevez, Diana
name: Brosseau, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electromagnetic (EM) composites have stimulated tremendous fundamental and practical interests owing to their flexible electromagnetic properties and extensive potential engineering applications. Hence, it is necessary to systematically understand the physical mechanisms and design principles controlling EM composites. In this tutorial, we first provide an overview of the basic theory of electromagnetism about electromagnetic constitutive parameters that can represent the electromagnetic properties of materials. We show how this corpus allows a consistent construction of effective medium theories and allows for numerical simulation of EM composites to deal with structure-property relationships. We then discuss the influence of spatial dispersion of shaped inclusions in the material medium on the EM properties of composites, which has not been systematically illustrated in the context of this interdisciplinary topic. Next, artificial composites or metamaterials with peculiar properties not readily available in nature are highlighted with particular emphasis on the control of the EM interaction with composites. We conclude by discussing appropriate methods of electromagnetic measurement and practical aspects for implementing composites for specific applications are described. Overall, this tutorial will serve the purpose of introducing the basics and applications of electromagnetic composites to newcomers in this field. It is also anticipated that researchers from different backgrounds including materials science, optics, and electrical engineering can communicate to each other with the same language when dealing with this interdisciplinary subject and further push forward this advancement from fundamental science to technological applications.
description: 63 pages, 20 figures
The zero-patient problem with noisy observations
Creators: name: Altarelli, Fabrizio
name: Braunstein, Alfredo
name: Dall'Asta, Luca
name: Ingrosso, Alessandro
name: Zecchina, Riccardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A Belief Propagation approach has been recently proposed for the zero-patient problem in a SIR epidemics. The zero-patient problem consists in finding the initial source of an epidemic outbreak given observations at a later time. In this work, we study a harder but related inference problem, in which observations are noisy and there is confusion between observed states. In addition to studying the zero-patient problem, we also tackle the problem of completing and correcting the observations possibly finding undiscovered infected individuals and false test results. Moreover, we devise a set of equations, based on the variational expression of the Bethe free energy, to find the zero patient along with maximum-likelihood epidemic parameters. We show, by means of simulated epidemics, how this method is able to infer details on the past history of an epidemic outbreak based solely on the topology of the contact network and a single snapshot of partial and noisy observations.
Sleep Technologists Educational Needs Assessment: A Survey of Polysomnography, Electroneurodiagnostic Technology, and Respiratory Therapy Education Program Directors
Creators: name: Vaughn, Bradley V.
name: Wells, Mary Ellen
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: In this study, we assessed the community and educational needs for sleep technologists by surveying program directors of nationally accredited polysomnography, electroneurodiagnostic technology, and respiratory care educational programs. Currently, little is known about our educational capacity and the need for advanced degrees for sleep medicine technical support.
Time-domain Hong-Ou-Mandel interference of quasi-thermal fields and its application in linear optical circuit characterization
Creators: name: Romanova, Anna
name: Katamadze, Konstantin
name: Avosopiants, Grant
name: Biguaa, Leon
name: Skryabin, Nikolay
name: Kalinkin, Alexander
name: Dyakonov, Ivan
name: Bogdanov, Yurii
name: Kulik, Sergei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study temporal correlations of interfering quasi-thermal fields, obtained by scattering laser radiation on a rotating ground glass disk. We show that the Doppler effect causes oscillations in temporal cross-correlation function. Furthermore, we propose how to use Hong-Ou-Mandel interference of quasi-thermal fields in the time domain to characterize linear optical circuits.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures (main), 4 pages, 1 figure (supplemental)
The Current State of Sleep Medicine Education in US Neurology Residency Training Programs: Where Do We Go from Here?
Creators: name: Avidan, Alon Y.
name: Vaughn, Bradley V.
name: Silber, Michael H.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: To evaluate the current state of sleep medicine educational resources and training offered by US neurology residency programs.
Large eddy simulations of reacting and non-reacting transcritical fuel sprays using multiphase thermodynamics
Creators: name: Fathi, Mohamad
name: Hickel, Stefan
name: Roekaerts, Dirk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Accurate simulations of high-pressure transcritical fuel sprays are essential for the design and optimization of next-generation gas turbines, internal combustion engines, and liquid propellant rocket engines. Most important and challenging is the accurate modelling of complex real-gas effects in high-pressure environments, especially the hybrid subcritical-to-supercritical mode of evaporation during the mixing of fuel and oxidizer. In this paper, we present a novel modeling framework for high-fidelity simulations of reacting and non-reacting transcritical fuel sprays. In this method, the high-pressure jet disintegration is modeled using a diffuse interface method with multiphase thermodynamics, which combines multi-component real-fluid kinetic and caloric state equations with vapor-liquid equilibrium calculations in order to compute thermodynamic properties of the mixture at transcritical pressures. All multiphase thermodynamic formulations are presented for general cubic state equations coupled with a rapid phase-equilibrium calculation method. The proposed method represents multiphase turbulent fluid flows at transcritical pressures without relying on any semi-empirical break-up and evaporation models. Combustion source terms are evaluated using a finite-rate chemistry model, including real-gas effects based on the fugacity of the species in the mixture. The adaptive local deconvolution method (ALDM) is used as a physically consistent turbulence model for large-eddy simulation (LES). LES results show a very good agreement with available experimental data for the reacting and non-reacting ECN Spray A at transcritical operating conditions.
description: This paper is part of the Physics of Fluids themed issue Development and Validation of Models for Turbulent Reacting Flows in honor of Professor Michael Pfitzner on the occasion of his retirement
Vinamax: a macrospin simulation tool for magnetic nanoparticles
Creators: name: Leliaert, Jonathan
name: Vansteenkiste, Arne
name: Coene, Annelies
name: Dupré, Luc
name: Van Waeyenberge, Bartel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present Vinamax, a simulation tool for nanoparticles that aims at simulating magnetization dynamics on very large timescales. To this end, each in dividual nanoparticle is approximated by a macrospin. Vinamax numerically solves the Landau-Lifshitz equation by adopting a dipole approximation method, while temperature effects can be taken into account with two stochastic methods. It describes the influence of demagnetizing and anisotropy fields on magnetic nanoparticles at finite temperatures in a space and time-dependent externally applied field. Vinamax can be used in biomedical research where nanoparticle imaging techniques are under developement.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures
DMRF-UNet: A Two-Stage Deep Learning Scheme for GPR Data Inversion under Heterogeneous Soil Conditions
Creators: name: Dai, Qiqi
name: Lee, Yee Hui
name: Sun, Hai-Han
name: Ow, Genevieve
name: Yusof, Mohamed Lokman Mohd
name: Yucel, Abdulkadir C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Traditional ground-penetrating radar (GPR) data inversion leverages iterative algorithms which suffer from high computation costs and low accuracy when applied to complex subsurface scenarios. Existing deep learning-based methods focus on the ideal homogeneous subsurface environments and ignore the interference due to clutters and noise in real-world heterogeneous environments. To address these issues, a two-stage deep neural network (DNN), called DMRF-UNet, is proposed to reconstruct the permittivity distributions of subsurface objects from GPR B-scans under heterogeneous soil conditions. In the first stage, a U-shape DNN with multi-receptive-field convolutions (MRF-UNet1) is built to remove the clutters due to inhomogeneity of the heterogeneous soil. Then the denoised B-scan from the MRF-UNet1 is combined with the noisy B-scan to be inputted to the DNN in the second stage (MRF-UNet2). The MRF-UNet2 learns the inverse mapping relationship and reconstructs the permittivity distribution of subsurface objects. To avoid information loss, an end-to-end training method combining the loss functions of two stages is introduced. A wide range of subsurface heterogeneous scenarios and B-scans are generated to evaluate the inversion performance. The test results in the numerical experiment and the real measurement show that the proposed network reconstructs the permittivities, shapes, sizes, and locations of subsurface objects with high accuracy. The comparison with existing methods demonstrates the superiority of the proposed methodology for the inversion under heterogeneous soil conditions.
MRI-driven dynamo at very high magnetic Prandtl numbers
Creators: name: Guilet, Jerome
name: Reboul-Salze, Alexis
name: Raynaud, Raphael
name: Bugli, Matteo
name: Gallet, Basile
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dynamo driven by the magnetorotational instability (MRI) is believed to play an important role in the dynamics of accretion discs and may also explain the origin of the extreme magnetic fields present in magnetars. Its saturation level is an important open question known to be particularly sensitive to the diffusive processes through the magnetic Prandtl number Pm (the ratio of viscosity to resistivity). Despite its relevance to proto-neutron stars and neutron star merger remnants, the numerically challenging regime of high Pm is still largely unknown. Using zero-net flux shearing box simulations in the incompressible approximation, we studied MRI-driven dynamos at unprecedentedly high values of Pm reaching 256. The simulations show that the stress and turbulent energies are proportional to Pm up to moderately high values ($\mathrm{Pm} \sim 50$). At higher Pm, they transition to a new regime consistent with a plateau independent of Pm for $\rm Pm \gtrsim 100$. This trend is independent of the Reynolds number, which may suggest an asymptotic regime where the energy injection and dissipation are independent of the diffusive processes. Interestingly, large values of Pm not only lead to intense small-scale magnetic fields but also to a more efficient dynamo at the largest scales of the box.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Hierarchical Merger of Primordial Black Holes in Dwarf Galaxies
Creators: name: Erfani, Encieh
name: Gomez-Aguilar, Tadeo D.
name: Hidalgo, Juan Carlos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the merger history of primordial black holes (PBHs) in a scenario where they represent the dominant dark matter component of a typical dwarf galaxies' core. We investigate the possibility of a sequence of collisions resulting in a hierarchical merger of black holes and look at the final mass spectrum in such {\it clusters}, which initially present a monochromatic (single-mass) PBH population. Our study shows that the merging process results in the transfer of about $40\%$ of the total mass of the core to the merger products regardless of the initial mass of PBHs, with about $5\%$ of energy radiated out in the form of gravitational waves. We find that, in the lighter mass limit, black holes up to eight times more massive than the original population can be formed within a Hubble time.
description: 17 pages, 3 figures, updated references
title: Graffiti na novela Cheias de Charme: um discurso ‘colorido’ da poiesis existencialista
Creators: name: Lins , José R. F. Jr.
Publisher: name: Roma Tre-Press
Year: 2013

description: Resumo:

O presente artigo objetiva analisar de que forma a grafitagem na novela Cheias de Charme (Rede Globo, 2012) representa a condição de existência de um grupo subalternizado numa favela do Rio de Janeiro. Numa perspectiva mais ampla, de que forma o graffiti revela a condição humana de classes desprivilegiadas nos grandes centros urbanos. Para isso, escolheu-se uma cena que foca o graffiti realizado numa instituição privada da sociedade capitalista. A discussão fundamenta-se nos conceitos de absurdo (Camus, 2008), cultura (Lèvy, 2001), e existencialismo (Kierkegaard, 2001; Arendt, 1997). Discutem-se os valores estéticos, éticos e políticos que constituem a identidade social na pós-modernidade.

Abstract:

This article aims to analyze how the graffiti on the Brazilian soap opera Cheias de Charme (Rede Globo, 2012) represents the condition of existence of a group of young artists in a slum in Rio de Janeiro. From a broader perspective, it shows how the graffiti reveals the human condition of subaltern classes in large urban centers. We chose a scene that focuses on graffiti held at a private institution of our capitalist society. The discussion is based on the concepts of absurdity (CAMUS, 2008), culture (Levy, 2001) and existentialism (Kierkegaard, 2001, Arendt 1997). It discusses the aesthetic, ethical and political issues that constitute the social identity in a postmodern world.
description: KRYPTON – VOL.1 – 2013 – APOLOGIE
Relations among $B_c \to J/ψ, η_c$ form factors
Creators: name: Colangelo, P.
name: De Fazio, F.
name: Loparco, F.
name: Losacco, N.
name: Novoa-Brunet, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the form factors parametrizing the $B_c \to J/ψ, η_c$ matrix elements of the operators in a generalized low-energy $b \to c$ semileptonic Hamiltonian. We consider an expansion in nonrelativistic QCD, classifying the heavy quark spin symmetry breaking terms and expressing the form factors in terms of universal functions in a selected kinematical range. Using as an input the lattice QCD results for the $B_c \to J/ψ$ matrix element of the SM operator, we obtain information on other form factors. The extrapolation to the full kinematical range is also presented.
description: 32 pages, 4 figures. To appear in JHEP
The role of soil (a)biotic properties on performance of urban plant species
Creators: name: Perera, Sashini
Publisher: name: Macquarie University
Year: 2023
Subjects: Other education not elsewhere classified

description: The vegetation of urban areas provides many essential benefits. However, urban environments can be challenging for plant growth, with limited space, poor soil quality and low water availability. In addition, many cities are becoming hotter and drier with climate change. This research aimed to test (1) how abiotic properties of urban compared with non-urban soil affect plant performance, and (2) the effect of microbial communities in urban soil compared with non-urban soil on plant resilience to drought stress. To investigate this, I grew three native horticultural tree species (Angophora costata, Callistemon citrinus and Syncarpia glomulifera) in a fully factorial glasshouse experiment. The factors were site (urban streetscape and bushland), soil treatment (sterilised and unsterilised) and water treatment (well-watered and drought). I measured plant stress (Fv/Fm), biomass and allocation. Surprisingly, plants grown in the high nutrient urban soils had greater total biomass than their counterparts grown in non-urban soil, irrespective of the water treatment. Plant biomass was significantly reduced in all three species under water stress treatment. This decline in growth was not negated by the presence of a soil microbiome, irrespective of soil type. These results suggest that soil abiotic properties have a greater effect on plant performance compared to the biotic properties.
Additional file 2 of Codesigning simulations and analyzing the process to ascertain principles of authentic and meaningful research engagement in childhood disability research
Creators: name: Micsinszki, Samantha K.
name: Tanel, Nadia L.
name: Kowal, Julia
name: King, Gillian
name: Menna-Dack, Dolly
name: Chu, Angel
name: Phoenix, Michelle
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2. List of simulation topics.
title: Studies of aliphatic amines and other volatile organic compounds in the marine environment.
Creators: name: Kamil. Abdul-Rachid, Mohamed
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2023

description: PART ONE. A highly sensitive and reproducible method for the determination of aliphatic amines namely monomethylamine (MMA), dimethylamine (DMA) , and trimethylamine (TMA) in marine environmental samples (water and sediments) has been developed. This involves an initial stage in which the amines are preconcentrated by microdiffusion and subsequently determined using a gas chromatograph equipped with a packed column and Nitrogen Phosphorus Selective Detector (NPSD) . The detection limit is at sub ppb level (ng/l), and the method recoveries are in the ranges of 58-68% for MMA, 55-84.3% for DMA, and 83-105.5% for TMA for the range of concentrations between 2-40 ppb. The percentage standard deviations of the chromatographic measurements are <15.1% for MMA, <11.1% for DMA, and <10% for TMA. The untreated Chromosorb 103 column packing was found to be very stable for more than a year with little deterioration in performance. Using this method, the production of methylamines by a marine phytoplankton has been studied, and has been shown to be greatly influenced by the growth conditions i.e bacteriostatic and nonbacteriostatic culture media, different levels and types of N sources, and zooplankton grazing on the phytoplankton. Maximum concentrations of methylamines were observed in the N03- enriched bacteriostatic medium. Zooplankton grazing also increases their levels. Methylamines were found to be distributed in a range of marine environments, with highest concentrations detected in marine sediments. Their levels were also higher in polluted Mersey waters than in the water off the Isle of Man (10M). MMA was found to be the dominant species in all of these samples (phytoplankton, sediment, and water) and also in the marine atmosphere. Using the same approach, l-Arninopropan-2-one, which has long been known to be a compound of urine, has been shown to be a stable indicator of raw sewage pollution. Its identity has been confirmed by GC-MS of its trifluoro acyl-derivative. Its distribution in estuarine water (Mersey Estuary) and coastal water (Port Erin, 10M) is presented. PART TWO. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in phytoplankton cultures, marine sediments, and Mersey Estuary water samples have been determined by a modified Grob closed-loop stripping method and GC-MS analysis. VOCs in the Mersey estuary water samples were dominated by methylated benzenes and methylated naphthalenes. In contrast, chlorinated compounds were the dominant compounds in the sediments, and methylated alkanes in the non-bacteriostatic phytoplankton culture. Some methylated benzenes were also found in the plankton sample, which might explain their observation in some of the remote unpolluted marine environment. This thesis is dedicated to my parents, my wife and children.
Reader variability in the use of diagnostic terms to describe white matter lesions seen on cranial scans of severely premature infants: The ELGAN study
Creators: name: Kuban, Karl
name: Fordham, Lynn
name: Leviton, Alan
name: Feinstein, Kate
name: Bezinque, Steven
name: Adler, Ira
name: McCauley, Roy
name: Batton, Daniel
name: Junewick, Joseph
name: Betz, Bradford
name: Lorenzo, Robert
name: Durfee, Sara
name: Allred, Elizabeth
name: Miller, Cindy
name: Seibert, Joanna
name: Ecklund, Kirsten
name: Westra, Sjirk
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: To evaluate reader variability of white matter lesions seen on cranial sonographic scans of extreme low gestational age neonates (ELGANs).
HIV-1 viral load and phenotypic antiretroviral drug resistance assays based on reverse transcriptase activity in comparison to amplification based HIV-1 RNA and genotypic assays
Creators: name: Fiscus, Susan A.
name: Napravnik, Sonia
name: Cachafeiro, Ada
name: Eron, Joseph J.
name: Stewart, Paul
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Amplification based HIV-1 viral load and genotypic resistance assays are expensive, technologically complex and may be difficult to implement in resource limited settings. Inexpensive, simpler assays are urgently needed.
Relativistic Fluids, Hydrodynamic Frames and their Galilean versus Carrollian Avatars
Creators: name: Petkou, Anastasios C.
name: Petropoulos, P. Marios
name: Betancour, David Rivera
name: Siampos, Konstantinos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We comprehensively study Galilean and Carrollian hydrodynamics on arbitrary backgrounds, in the presence of a matter/charge conserved current. For this purpose, we follow two distinct and complementary paths. The first is based on local invariance, be it Galilean or Carrollian diffeomorphism invariance, possibly accompanied by Weyl invariance. The second consists in analyzing the relativistic fluid equations at large or small speed of light, after choosing an adapted gauge, ADM-Zermelo for the former and Papapetrou-Randers for the latter. Unsurprisingly, the results agree, but the second approach is superior as it effortlessly captures more elaborate situations with multiple degrees of freedom. It furthermore allows to investigate the fate of hydrodynamic-frame invariance in the two limits at hand, and conclude that its breaking (in the Galilean) or its preservation (in the Carrollian) are fragile consequences of the behaviour of transport attributes at large or small $c$. Both methods do also agree on the doom of Noetherian currents generated in the relativistic theory by isometries: non-trivial currents are not always guaranteed in Newton-Cartan or Carroll spacetimes as a consequence of Galilean or Carrollian isometries. Comparison of Galilean and Carrollian fluid equations exhibits a striking but often superficial resemblance, which we comment in relation to black-hole horizon dynamics, awkwardly akin to Navier-Stokes equations. This congruity is authentic in one instance though and turns out then to describe Aristotelian dynamics, which is the last item in our agenda.
description: v1: 1+96 pages, Latex, v2: JHEP version
Performance characteristics of the Cavidi ExaVir viral load assay and the ultra-sensitive P24 assay relative to the Roche Monitor HIV-1 RNA assay
Creators: name: Bettendorf, Daniel
name: Cachafeiro, Ada
name: Eron, Joseph J.
name: Bosch, Ronald J.
name: Napravnik, Sonia
name: Fiscus, Susan A.
name: Frank, Ian
name: van der Horst, Charles
name: Stewart, Paul
name: Bohlin, Peter
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: The Cavidi viral load assay and the ultra-sensitive p24 antigen assay (Up24 Ag) have been suggested as more feasible alternatives to PCR-based HIV viral load assays for use in monitoring patients infected with HIV-1 in resource-limited settings.
Multi-line observations of CH$_{3}$OH, c-C$_{3}$H$_{2}$ and HNCO towards L1544: Dissecting the core structure with chemical differentiation
Creators: name: Lin, Yuxin
name: Spezzano, Silvia
name: Sipilä, Olli
name: Vasyunin, Anton
name: Caselli, Paola
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Pre-stellar cores are the basic unit for the formation of stars and stellar systems. The anatomy of the physical and chemical structures of pre-stellar cores is critical for understanding the star formation process. L1544 is a prototypical pre-stellar core, which shows significant chemical differentiation surrounding the dust peak. We aim to constrain the physical conditions at the different molecular emission peaks. This study allows us to compare the abundance profiles predicted from chemical models together with the classical density structure of Bonnor-Ebert (BE) sphere. We conducted multi-transition pointed observations of CH$_{3}$OH, c-C$_{3}$H$_{2}$ and HNCO with the IRAM 30m telescope, towards the dust peak and the respective molecular peaks of L1544. With non-LTE radiative transfer calculations and a 1-dimensional model, we revisit the physical structure of L1544, and benchmark with the abundance profiles from current chemical models. We find that the HNCO, c-C$_{3}$H$_{2}$ and CH$_{3}$OH lines in L1544 are tracing progressively higher density gas, from $\sim$10$^{4}$ to several times 10$^{5}$ cm$^{-3}$. Particularly, we find that to produce the observed intensities and ratios of the CH$_{3}$OH lines, a local gas density enhancement upon the BE sphere is required. This suggests that the physical structure of an early-stage core may not necessarily follow a smooth decrease of gas density profile locally, but can be intercepted by clumpy substructures surrounding the gravitational center. Multiple transitions of molecular lines from different molecular species can provide a tomographic view of the density structure of pre-stellar cores. The local gas density enhancement deviating from the BE sphere may reflect the impact of accretion flows that appear asymmetric and are enhanced at the meeting point of large-scale cloud structures.
description: accepted by A&A; 22 pages, 22 figures incl. appendices
Electrochemically robust oxide-supported dendritic Pt and Ir nanoparticles for highly effective polymer electrolyte membrane-unitized regenerative fuel cells
Creators: name: Ko, Young-Jin
name: Kim, Hyunchul
name: Lee, Woong Hee
name: Han, Man Ho
name: Oh, Cheoulwoo
name: Choi, Chang Hyuck
name: Kim, Woong
name: Baik, Jeong Min
name: Choi, Jae-Young
name: Strasser, Peter
name: Oh, Hyung-Suk
Publisher: name: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften
subject: fuel cells
subject: PEM-URFCs
subject: energy storage
subject: conversion systems
subject: catalysts

description: Polymer electrolyte membrane-unitized regenerative fuel cells (PEM-URFCs) are promising energy storage and conversion systems. However, the dissolution of metal species due to frequent phase transformation and support corrosion at high voltages must be addressed. Herein, we design dendritic Pt (PtND) and Ir (IrND) combined with a robust oxide support (antimony doped tin oxide, ATO) for the oxygen electrode. Under ORR and OER potentials, a PtND–IrND/ATO catalyst produced lower average oxidation states of Pt and Ir than a Pt–Ir/C catalyst. Consequently, the Pt and Ir dissolution of PtND–IrND/ATO derived from the phase transition was significantly less than that of Pt–Ir/C. By investigating the operation factors of the URFC, PtND–IrND/ATO was found to exhibit a high round trip efficiency of 50% at 0.4 A cm−2 with enhanced long-term stability. Our study not only reveals the fundamental reversible catalytic properties of dendritic catalysts, but also offers insights into the catalyst design concept for the oxygen electrode of URFCs.
Using a simplified human immunodeficiency virus type 1 p24 antigen assay to diagnose pediatric HIV-infection in Malawi
Creators: name: Chilima, Ben
name: Mwapasa, Victor
name: Kwiek, Jesse J.
name: Pennell, Michael L.
name: Mwagomba, Beatrice
name: Makuta, Yohane
name: Cachafeiro, Ada
name: Fiscus, Susan A.
name: Beckstead, David J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: There is a worldwide need for a pediatric HIV-1 diagnostic test that has a high diagnostic accuracy, is technically simple and cost efficient. The Up24 HIV-1 assay, which requires both the HIV-1 p24 ELISA and the ELAST signal amplification kit, has previously been shown to be a robust tool to diagnose pediatric HIV-1 from dried whole blood spots (DBS) (Cachafeiro et al., JCM 2009;47:459–6213). In order to make the assay more accessible to a resource-limited clinical setting, we eliminated the ELAST system, which simplified the Up24 assay, reduced its cost, and tested the accuracy of the modified assay in a rural Malawian hospital.