cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)-I and GnRH-II induce cell growth inhibition in human endometrial cancer cells: Involvement of integrin beta3 and focal adhesion kinase
Creators: name: Park, Dong W.
name: Choi, Kyung-Chul
name: MacCalman, Colin D.
name: Leung, P. C. K.
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2015

description: Endometrial carcinoma is the most common neoplasm of the female genital tract, accounting for nearly one half of all gynecologic cancers in the Western world. Although intensive research on pathological phenomena of endometrial cancer is currently going on, but exact cause and biological aspects of this disease are not well described yet. In addition to well-documented roles of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) in hypopituitary ovarian (HPO) axis, the agonistic or antagonistic analogs (or both) of GnRH have been shown to inhibit the proliferation of a variety of human gynecologic cancers. Thus, in the present study, we further examined the possibility that GnRH induces integrin beta3 and activation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK) through mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), ERK1/2 and p38, to inhibit the growth of HEC1A endometrial cancer cell line. As a result, both GnRH-I and GnRH-II resulted in a significant increase in integrin beta3 expression and evoked the activation of FAK in a time-dependent manner in these cells. In addition, these analogs induced an activation of ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK in a time-dependent manner as downstream pathways of FAK. It appears that GnRH-II has much greater effect on the activation of FAK, ERK1/2 and p38 compared to GnRH-I in these cells. Further, we demonstrated that the growth inhibition of HEC1A cells by GnRH-I or GnRH-II is involved in the activation of integrin-FAK and ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK pathways. Taken together, these results suggest that GnRH may be involved in the inhibition of endometrial cancer cell growth via activation of integrin beta3 and FAK as a direct effect. This knowledge could contribute to a better understanding of the mechanisms implicated in the therapeutic action of GnRH and its biomedical application for the treatment against endometrial cancer.
"In any event": Chance, choice, and change in the postmodern fictional text
Creators: name: Maydan, Ryan
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Literature, Modern.
subject: Literature, American.

description: This dissertation attempts to stage a creative encounter between a Deleuzian theory of the event and postmodern fictional narratives. More specifically, it situates subjectivities represented in postmodern texts in relation with concepts of chance, choice, and change. I aim to demonstrate how works by Don DeLillo, Paul Auster, Edmund White, and Nicholson Baker approach the subject as an "encountering" at the surface between self and other, inside and outside, and before and after. The postmodern imperative of interconnectivity dramatizes a potentialization of subjectivity through what Brian Massumi calls the event's "openness to being otherwise" ("Like a Thought" xxxiv). Accounting for such openness, particularly in novels rife with repetition, requires a critical appraisal of the present as a changeful operation, where subjectivities are properly expressive of their singular becomings along the lines of their capacities to affect and be affected. It is ultimately my project's contention that chance and choice themselves need to be rigorously theorized in order that we better understand the mechanisms of containment and resistance, but most importantly the conditions for emancipatory change within the postmodernism of a new millenium, and beyond.
Gravitational Wave Measurements: AMC Field Modulations
Creators: name: Young, Christopher
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: gravity
subject: Gravity
subject: Astrophysics
subject: astrophysics
subject: general relativity
subject: entropic gravity
subject: Gravitation
subject: Gravitational waves
subject: gravitation
subject: gravitational waves

description: The detection of gravitational waves by LIGO in 2015 marked a watershed moment in astrophysics, providing empirical confirmation of a phenomenon predicted by Einstein's general relativity a century earlier. While conventional interpretations view these signals as ripples in spacetime geometry, our auxiliary modulation coordinate framework offers a fundamentally different perspective that maintains consistency with observational data while approaching the phenomenon through energy dynamics rather than geometric distortion. This paper demonstrates how gravitational waves can be reinterpreted as harmonic interference patterns propagating through the auxiliary modulation coordinate field-a deeper dimensional structure underlying observable reality. Using entropy-resolved resonance profile principles, we calculate waveforms directly from energy flow dynamics, achieving both greater computational efficiency and deeper physical insight. We provide detailed case studies of GW150914 (binary black hole merger) and GW170817 (binary neutron star merger), demonstrating precise quantitative agreement with observations while offering a unified mathematical treatment of both gravitational and electromagnetic emissions. Our framework reveals that gravitational waves represent information-optimized energy patterns that naturally resist degradation, explaining their remarkable coherence over cosmic distances. This approach not only maintains concordance with general relativity but extends it through the lens of energy flow rather than mass-driven geometry, potentially bridging the gap between quantum mechanics and gravitational physics.
Japan als Gegenstand der Forschung in Deutschland
Creators: name: Teichler, Ulrich
Publisher: name: ASIEN: The German Journal on Contemporary Asia
Year: 2020

description: In den späten sechziger Jahren des 20. Jahrhunderts vollzog sich in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland ein rascher Perspektivwandel in der Betrachtung von Japan. Das Bild des Exotischen und Unvergleichlichen, das uns in seiner traditionellen Kultur faszinieren oder abstoßen kann, uns in unserer heutigen zivilisatorischen Existenz aber nicht berührt (siehe Hijiya-Kirschnereit 1988), wurde ersetzt durch das Bild der "japanischen Herausforderung" - so ein Buchtitel der damaligen Zeit (Hakan Hed- berg). Es wuchs das Interesse an einem Land, das kulturell "ganz anders" ist und dem mehr oder weniger gleichartige wirtschaftliche und gesellschaftliche Erfolge gelungen sind. In den USA erreichten Publikationen, die reißerisch von "Japan Nr. 1" (Ezra Vogel) und vom 21. Jahrhundert als dem kommenden japanischen Jahrhundert (Herman Kahn) sprachen, große Aufmerksamkeit. In jedem Fall verbreitete sich die Überzeugung, dass sich mit dem wirtschaftlichen Wachstum und der gesellschaftlichen "Modernisierung" Japans die bisher in westlichen Industriegesellschaften vorherrschenden Betrachtungen über die Ursachen der Modernisierung als eurozentristisch erwiesen hätten: Es galt, das japanische Beispiel besser zu verstehen und in generelle Erklärungsansätze über soziale Strukturen, Prozesse und Entwicklungen einzubringen.
description: ASIEN: The German Journal on Contemporary Asia, Nr. 88 (2003): ASIEN (Juli)
Data Integration and Risk Matrix
Creators: name: Escher, Sylvia
name: Gouin, Todd
name: Hamers, Timo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Sylvia Escher (Fraunhofer ITEM) presents how how hazard and exposure data is being integrated to make a risk matrix for prioritizing persistent and mobile substances in ZeroPM, for the for the ZeroPM Prioritization Workshop in Dessau, Sept. 19-20, 2024.  https://zeropm.eu/prioritization-workshop/
Targeted isolation, sequence assembly and characterization of two white spruce (Picea glauca) BAC clones for terpenoid synthase and cytochrome P450 genes involved in conifer defence reveal insights into a conifer genome
Creators: name: Hamberger, Björn
name: Hall, Dawn
name: Yuen, Mack
name: Oddy, Claire
name: Hamberger, Britta
name: Keeling, Christopher I
name: Ritland, Carol
name: Ritland, Kermit
name: Bohlmann, Jörg
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2016

description: Background: Conifers are a large group of gymnosperm trees which are separated from the angiosperms by more than 300 million years of independent evolution. Conifer genomes are extremely large and contain considerable amounts of repetitive DNA. Currently, conifer sequence resources exist predominantly as expressed sequence tags (ESTs) and full-length (FL)cDNAs. There is no genome sequence available for a conifer or any other gymnosperm. Conifer defence-related genes often group into large families with closely related members. The goals of this study are to assess the feasibility of targeted isolation and sequence assembly of conifer BAC clones containing specific genes from two large gene families, and to characterize large segments of genomic DNA sequence for the first time from a conifer. Results: We used a PCR-based approach to identify BAC clones for two target genes, a terpene synthase (3-carene synthase; 3CAR) and a cytochrome P450 (CYP720B4) from a non-arrayed genomic BAC library of white spruce (Picea glauca). Shotgun genomic fragments isolated from the BAC clones were sequenced to a depth of 15.6- and 16.0-fold coverage, respectively. Assembly and manual curation yielded sequence scaffolds of 172 kbp (3CAR) and 94 kbp (CYP720B4) long. Inspection of the genomic sequences revealed the intron-exon structures, the putative promoter regions and putative cis-regulatory elements of these genes. Sequences related to transposable elements (TEs), high complexity repeats and simple repeats were prevalent and comprised approximately 40% of the sequenced genomic DNA. An in silico simulation of the effect of sequencing depth on the quality of the sequence assembly provides direction for future efforts of conifer genome sequencing. Conclusion: We report the first targeted cloning, sequencing, assembly, and annotation of large segments of genomic DNA from a conifer. We demonstrate that genomic BAC clones for individual members of multi-member gene families can be isolated in a gene-specific fashion. The results of the present work provide important new information about the structure and content of conifer genomic DNA that will guide future efforts to sequence and assemble conifer genomes.
East Asian Studies in Russia
Creators: name: Pascha, Werner
name: Robaschik, Frank
Publisher: name: Asien
Year: 2020

description: Russia has an extremely rich and diverse background in East Asian Studies. After briefly introducing its historical roots, we will turn our attention to major organisations, including journals. Afterwards, we will discuss strengths and weaknesses as perceived by us. The beginnings of East Asian Studies in Russia are closely related to the first contacts of Russians with the countries of East Asia and the advance of the Russians into Siberia, which started under the reign of Ivan IV (Ivan the Terrible, 1530-1584). The development of oriental studies in Russia benefited from the educational reforms under the reign of Peter the Great (1672-1725), who considered it necessary to study oriental languages. The conclusion of the Nerchinsk treaty with China in 1689 and the development of the Kamchatka peninsula by Russia were another demonstration of her political and trade interests in the Far East. So, it was not purely by chance that the Russian government decided to stimulate the study of East Asian languages.
description: Asien, Nr. 88 (2003): ASIEN (Juli)
Ländliche Armut und ihre Bekämpfung in der VR China
Creators: name: Taubmann, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: ASIEN: The German Journal on Contemporary Asia
Year: 2020

description: Nach Auffassung der Weltbank und zahlreicher Autoren ist die Reduktion der ländlichen Armut in der Volksrepublik China einer der größten Erfolge der Wirtschaftsreformen seit 1978 bzw. der entsprechenden Maßnahmen der chinesischen Regierung (s.a. The China Human Development Report). Obwohl die offiziellen Daten über die Verminderung der ländlichen Armut beeindruckend sind, so bleiben doch viele Fragen offen. Mit Chinas zunehmender Integration in die Weltwirtschaft seit der Mitte der 1980er-Jahre sind offenkundig die früheren Erfolge in der Armutsbekämpfung zurückgegangen, auch wenn dies in der amtlichen Statistik meist nicht auftaucht. Zudem ist zu erwarten, dass Chinas Beitritt zur WTO im Dezember 2001 die Problematik der Armut im ländlichen Raum in der Zukunft verschärfen wird.
description: ASIEN: The German Journal on Contemporary Asia, Nr. 88 (2003): ASIEN (Juli)
Antoni Kątski – lew estrady XIX wieku
Creators: name: Parkita, Anna
Publisher: name: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jana Kochanowskiego w Kielcach
Year: 2021

description: Monografia naukowa Antoni Kątski – lew estrady XIX wieku to pierwsza na rynku publikacja poświęcona w całości polskiemu pianiście, kompozytorowi, pedagogowi, animatorowi życia muzycznego, wielowymiarowemu artyście urodzonemu w Krakowie, który pomimo ogromnego wkładu w rozwój kultury muzycznej XIX wieku jest obecnie zupełnie zapomniany. Urodzony 25 września 1816 roku w Krakowie, publiczne występy rozpoczął w wieku pięciu lat. Jako wybitnie utalentowane dziecko otrzymywał liczne stypendia, które pozwoliły mu na odebranie edukacji muzycznej na najwyższym poziomie (był uczniem m. in. Ludwiga van Beethovena, Johna Fielda czy Simona Sechtera). Za swoje artystyczne osiągnięcia był wielokrotnie odznaczany przez europejskich monarchów. A. Kątski koncertował niemal w całej Europie, ale także w Stanach Zjednoczonych, Australii, Indiach, Chinach czy Japonii. Jest autorem ponad 400 opusów, z czego lwią część stanowią utwory na fortepian. Monografia zawiera wiele niepublikowanych dotąd dokumentów dotyczących życia Antoniego Kątskiego, które są wynikiem wieloletnich badań i poszukiwań autorki. Zaprezentowano w niej również liczne przykłady utworów fortepianowych Kątskiego, a także ukazano cechy charakterystyczne dla jego rozwiązań kompozytorskich. Antoni Kątski bez wątpienia był jednym z najbardziej wszechstronnych kompozytorów XIX wieku. Tworzył kulturę muzyczną tej epoki, tak bardzo różnorodną pod względem stylów i poziomów, zaś jego ogromny dorobek artystyczny jest istotnym elementem polskiego dziedzictwa kulturowego. Publikacja przeznaczona jest nie tylko dla studentów i pracowników uczelni artystycznych, ale również dla szerokiej rzeszy odbiorców, a w szczególności koneserów pragnących odkrywać nieznane dotąd obszary muzyki polskiej.
description: Wstęp s. 7 1. Kierunki rozwoju oraz koncepcje charakterystyczne dla muzyki romantycznej s. 11 1.1. Charakterystyka epoki romantyzmu s. 11 1.2. Społeczne funkcje muzyki w XIX wieku s. 17 1.3. Rola fortepianu i szkoły gry w XIX wieku s. 20 1.4. Przemiany stylu pianistycznego s. 26 1.5. Przeobrażenia form muzycznych w romantyzmie s. 30 2. Życie i twórczość Antoniego Kątskiego s. 37 2.1. Biografia s. 37 2.2. Antoni Kątski jako pianista s. 61 2.3. Repertuar koncertowy Antoniego Kątskiego s. 67 2.4. Antoni Kątski jako artysta wielowymiarowy s. 71 2.5. Działalność pedagogiczna Antoniego Kątskiego s. 75 2.6. Antoni Kątski jako kompozytor s. 77 3. Twórczość fortepianowa Antoniego Kątskiego s. 83 3.1. Polska muzyka fortepianowa XIX wieku s. 83 3.2. Cechy twórczości fortepianowej Antoniego Kątskiego s. 91 3.3. Wykaz kompozycji fortepianowych Antoniego Kątskiego s. 104 4. Analiza formalna wybranych utworów fortepianowych s. 117 4.1. Sonata fortepianowa F-dur op. 156 s. 117 4.2. Sonata fortepianowa f-moll op. 310 s. 136 4.3. Medytacja fortepianowa Toujours seul op. 57 s. 153 4.4. La Sensitive. Reverie pour piano op. 246 s. 158 Podsumowanie i wnioski s. 165 Bibliografia s. 167 Wykaz tabel i przykładów nutowych s. 173 Spis ilustracji s. 177
Core Hunter: an algorithm for sampling genetic resources based on multiple genetic measures
Creators: name: Thachuk, Chris
name: Crossa, José
name: Franco, Jorge
name: Dreisigacker, Susanne
name: Warburton, Marilyn
name: Davenport, Guy F
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2016

description: Background: Existing algorithms and methods for forming diverse core subsets currently address either allele representativeness (breeder's preference) or allele richness (taxonomist's preference). The main objective of this paper is to propose a powerful yet flexible algorithm capable of selecting core subsets that have high average genetic distance between accessions, or rich genetic diversity overall, or a combination of both. Results: We present Core Hunter, an advanced stochastic local search algorithm for selecting core subsets. Core Hunter is able to find core subsets having more genetic diversity and better average genetic distance than the current state-of-the-art algorithms for all genetic distance and diversity measures we evaluated. Furthermore, Core Hunter can attempt to optimize any number of genetic measures simultaneously, based on the preference of the user. Notably, Core Hunter is able to select significantly smaller core subsets, which retain all unique alleles from a reference collection, than state-of-the-art algorithms. Conclusion: Core Hunter is a highly effective and flexible tool for sampling genetic resources and establishing core subsets. Our implementation, documentation, and source code for Core Hunter is available at http://corehunter.org
APRICOT GROWING AND SELECTION OF GRAFTS
Creators: name: Sultonov, S.N.
name: Jurayev, E.B.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Preservation of the distribution range and genetic potential of plants on the globe based on scientifically and practically proven laws ensures the stability of the living environment. In particular, the expansion of garden plantations of cultivated plants plays an important role in satisfying the population's demand for fruit and food products. Currently, one of the fruit crops in high demand by the population is apricot.
Monarcha castaneiventris subsp. obscurior Mayr 1935
Creators: name: LeCroy, M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Passeriformes
Monarchidae
Monarcha
Monarcha castaneiventris
Monarcha castaneiventris obscurior mayr

description: Monarcha castaneiventris obscurior Mayr
 Monarcha castaneiventris obscurior Mayr, 1935: 5 (Pavuvu Islands, Solomon Islands).
 Now Monarcha castaneiventris obscurior Mayr, 1935. See Filardi and Smith, 2005, and del Hoyo et al., 2006: 305.
 HOLOTYPE: AMNH 219711, adult male, collected on Pavuvu Island, 09.10S, 159.07E (Times Atlas), Russell Group (5 Pavuvu Islands), Solomon Islands, on 4 (not 24) August 1927, by Rollo H. Beck on the Whitney South Sea Expedition (no. 27241).
COMMENTS: The AMNH number of the holotype was given in the original description; however, the date was incorrectly cited. Later, Mayr (1936: 18) gave a more detailed description of this form, noting that he had specimens from Pavuvu, Banika, Mote, and Kiomie islands. The paratypes are: AMNH 217913–217921, 219702–219710, 225861, 225863, 226075–226079, 226082–226086, and 226161, all collected between 30 July and 5 August 1927. AMNH 225863 is the melanistic specimen mentioned by Mayr (1936: 19).
description: Published as part of LeCroy, M., 2008, Type Specimens Of Birds In The American Museum Of Natural History. Part 7. Passeriformes: Sylviidae, Muscicapidae, Platysteiridae, Maluridae, Acanthizidae, Monarchidae, Rhipiduridae, And Petroicidae, pp. 1-287 in Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 313 (1) on page 202, DOI: 10.1206/313.1, http://zenodo.org/record/13223808
Benchmarking Variational Quantum Algorithms for Combinatorial Optimization in Practice
Creators: name: Schwägerl, Tim
name: Chai, Yahui
name: Hartung, Tobias
name: Jansen, Karl
name: Kühn, Stefan
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2024

description: Variational quantum algorithms and, in particular, variants of the varational quantum eigensolver have been proposed to address combinatorial optimization (CO) problems. Using only shallow ansatz circuits, these approaches are deemed suitable for current noisy intermediate-scale quantum hardware. However, the resources required for training shallow variational quantum circuits often scale superpolynomially in problem size. In this study we numerically investigate what this scaling result means in practice for solving CO problems using Max-Cut as a benchmark. For fixed resources, we compare the average performance of training a shallow variational quantum circuit, sampling with replacement, and a greedy algorithm starting from the same initial point as the quantum algorithm. We identify a minimum problem size for which the quantum algorithm can consistently outperform sampling and, for each problem size, characterize the separation between the quantum algorithm and the greedy algorithm. Furthermore, we extend the average case analysis by investigating the correlation between the performance of the algorithms by instance. Our results provide a step towards meaningful benchmarks of variational quantum algorithms for CO problems for a realistic set of resources.
FACTORS AFFECTING LOAN DEFAULT IN MICRO FINANCE INSTITUTION IN AMHARA CREDIT AND SAVING INSTITUTION (ACSI) ANGOLELANA TERA WOREDA CHACHA BRANCH
Creators: name: DEREJE, ARAYA NEKNIKIE
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2019

description: The main objective of this study was to examine which, how and how much the hypothesized explanatory variables were related to the loan default. Microfinance institutions have been extending loans to different deficit units in Ethiopia and this study aimed at addressing the following issues: identifying factors affecting loan default in micro finance institutions in ACSI chacha branch. Simple random sampling techniques were employed to select respondents to provide answers to questionnaires. The population of the survey constituted the management and non-management staff and customers of ACSI. Hypotheses of the study were analyzed using correlation and regression. Results of the study show that there are high positive correlations between the constructs of loan default. Descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression models were used to analyze the data collected from the sample respondents. According to the descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression models, selection and formulation (screening),loan term, high interest rate uses of loan for unintended purpose lack of trainings and environmental hazards have significant association with loan default. Therefore ACSI should encourage self-screened group borrowers, revise loan term by considering the time required for the service sector to generate income, regular supervision for borrowers should be in place, and set loan size based on business scope to increase loan repayment performance of the clients
A novel energy based design methodology of sliding mode controllers for tracked autonomous guided vehicles
Creators: name: Al-Jarrah, Ahmad Mohammad
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Engineering, Mechanical.

description: Tracked Autonomous Guided Vehicles (TAGVs) are becoming an important tool for surveillance and security operations so as to mitigate harm to human who otherwise have to conduct such operations. To accomplish steering of such tracked vehicles, skid steering is used. This entails varying the speed of the individual tracks to impose a turning moment on the vehicle. In skid steering, the interaction between the tracks and the terrain is in the form of slippage and soil shearing during the process of turning. These phenomena of slippage and soil shearing are highly nonlinear and difficult to quantify. As such they result in inaccurate kinematics/dynamics of the vehicle. Achieving good path tracking performance of the vehicle in the presence of such inaccuracies requires a robust controller design. Sliding mode Controllers (SMCs) are insensitive to system parameter uncertainties, modeling errors, and disturbances. Such controllers are considered to be robust. Consequently, they have been proposed as the proper choice for this work. One of the major drawbacks of the published approaches of designing SMCs is the need to assume the values of some of the controller parameters. In this thesis, a novel design methodology of SMCs is developed based on the system total energy. This approach provides a relationship between the SMC parameters and some limits on these parameters. However, the choice of the value of these parameters is still wide enough such that the approach of sensitivity analysis is carried out to tighten these limits. Using SMCs result in undesirable chattering. To reduce or eliminate chattering, the boundary layer technique is employed. The new design methodology of the SMC is exemplified first on a DC motor model where the model is a Single-Input-Single-Output (SISO) system. Since the TAGV is a special case of a Multi-Input-Multi-Output (MIMO) system, an extension of the new SMC approach is developed. Inverted pendulum systems are popular examples in many control text because of the many practical applications they can model, particularly in the field of robotics. The inverted pendulum is a Single-Input-Multi-Output (SIMO) system similar to the TAGV, and is selected to test the new approach. SMC with hyper sliding surface is also introduced. Simulation results of the motor and pendulum show very good performance of the SMC especially when it is compared to that of proportional and proportional-derivative controllers. Simulation results of the TAGV using SMCs both decoupled and hyper sliding surfaces based on the proposed design methodology show very good performance when compared to that of proportional controllers.
Prevalence and structural correlates of gender based violence among a prospective cohort of female sex workers
Creators: name: Shannon, K.
name: Kerr, Thomas
name: Strathdee, Steffanie A.
name: Montaner, Julio
name: Tyndall, Mark
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: OBJECTIVE: To examine the prevalence and structural correlates of gender based violence against female sex workers in an environment of criminalised prostitution. DESIGN: Prospective observational study. SETTING: Vancouver, Canada during 2006-8. PARTICIPANTS: Female sex workers 14 years of age or older (inclusive of transgender women) who used illicit drugs (excluding marijuana) and engaged in street level sex work. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Self reported gender based violence. RESULTS: Of 267 female sex workers invited to participate, 251 women returned to the study office and consented to participate (response rate of 94%). Analyses were based on 237 female sex workers who completed a baseline visit and at least one follow-up visit. Of these 237 female sex workers, 57% experienced gender based violence over an 18 month follow-up period. In multivariate models adjusted for individual and interpersonal risk practices, the following structural factors were independently correlated with violence against female sex workers: homelessness (adjusted odds ratio for physical violence (aOR(physicalviolence)) 2.14, 95% confidence interval 1.34 to 3.43; adjusted odds ratio for rape (aOR(rape)) 1.73, 1.09 to 3.12); inability to access drug treatment (adjusted odds ratio for client violence (aOR(clientviolence)) 2.13, 1.26 to 3.62; aOR(physicalviolence) 1.96, 1.03 to 3.43); servicing clients in cars or public spaces (aOR(clientviolence) 1.50, 1.08 to 2.57); prior assault by police (aOR(clientviolence) 3.45, 1.98 to 6.02; aOR(rape) 2.61, 1.32 to 5.16); confiscation of drug use paraphernalia by police without arrest (aOR(physicalviolence) 1.50, 1.02 to 2.41); and moving working areas away from main streets owing to policing (aOR(clientviolence) 2.13, 1.26 to 3.62). CONCLUSIONS: Our results demonstrate an alarming prevalence of gender based violence against female sex workers. The structural factors of criminalisation, homelessness, and poor availability of drug treatment independently correlated with gender based violence against street based female sex workers. Socio-legal policy reforms, improved access to housing and drug treatment, and scale up of violence prevention efforts, including police-sex worker partnerships, will be crucial to stemming violence against female sex workers.
Nation-Building und Souveränität im Südpazifik
Creators: name: Holtz, Andreas
Publisher: name: ASIEN: The German Journal on Contemporary Asia
Year: 2020

description: Nachdem das britisch-französische Kondominium als Republik Vanuatu am 30.07.1980 unabhängig wurde, fand sich der neue Staat als konstruierte Hülle wieder. Die neu geschaffene Republik erfüllte zwar alle Voraussetzungen für einen Staat, hatte aber verschiedene Probleme, sich als Nation zu definieren. Die Eigenverantwortlichkeit der Bevölkerung ging nun zum ersten Mal über das traditionelle Maß des Dorfes bzw. des Klans hinaus. Ein Bewusstsein für die neue Identität war noch nicht vorhanden. Als souveräner Staat, zu dem Vanuatu nun geworden war, wurde das Land sofort vor Probleme gestellt. Schließlich bedurfte es zur eigenen Herrschaft fremder Hilfe, um Teile der eigenen Bevölkerung innerhalb des Eigenen zu halten. Im Folgenden soll aufgezeigt werden, ob der neue Staat zu einer Nation geworden ist und inwiefern er seine Souveränität behauptet.
description: ASIEN: The German Journal on Contemporary Asia, Nr. 88 (2003): ASIEN (Juli)
Determinants of Business Taxpayers Compliance with Tax System: A case of Debre Berhan City, Amhara Regional State, Ethiopia
Creators: name: Fitsum, Abegaz
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2019

description: Despite the increasing need to increase revenue collection and enforcement to provide public services, developing countries like Ethiopia still face the challenges of low tax compliance and inefficient tax administration. Improving the tax compliance behavior of taxpayers helps to boost the revenues available for supporting public services without increasing the current tax burden on compliant tax payers. Compliance behavior of the taxpayers is determined by various factors and identifying these factors and treating them accordingly should be the central premises of any tax system in order to maintain effective tax compliance. This study was meant to identify determinants of business taxpayers' compliance with tax system with a special reference to category "C" tax payers in Debre Birhan city, Amhara region, Ethiopia. The study adopted a survey research design. The target population for this study was 4131 category "C" business taxpayers operated in Debre Birhan city. Out of the total population 365 respondents were selected as a sample. Convenience sampling techniques was applied to select respondents from the target population. The data collection method used for the study is questionnaire. A five point likert scale was used to measure responses of variables. To assess the internal consistency of the instrument, Cronbach's alpha was used. The instrument was validated through content validity and reliability. In order to analyze and present the results of this study, descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation and Ordinary Least Square (OLS) regression model were employed using STATA software version 13. The found that awareness level, fairness, influences of peer groups, income level, detection and punishment have significant positive influence on tax compliance with a 5% significant level. The result also revealed that there is an inverse relationship between attitude of taxpayers towards the government and tax compliance behavior. The result of the study also reveals that among the explanatory variables considered, fairness followed by detection and punishment is found to be the most important determinant factors influencing category "C" business tax payers' compliance with tax system in the city administration.
Ethnotourismus in Südostasien
Creators: name: Spreitzhofer, Günter
Publisher: name: ASIEN: The German Journal on Contemporary Asia
Year: 2020

description: Südostasien gilt als wirtschaftlich wie touristisch aktivste Region der Gegenwart mit fulminanten Wachtumsoptionen auf ökonomischer Ebene.
description: ASIEN: The German Journal on Contemporary Asia, Nr. 63 (1997): ASIEN (April)
ASSESSMENT OF FACTORS THAT AFFECT TAXPAYERS COMPLIANCE IN THE CASE OF CATEGORY 'A' AND 'B' BUSINESS PROFIT TAXPAYERS IN DEBRE BIRHAN TOWN REVENUE OFFICE
Creators: name: GASHAW, GOREMS MAGER
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2019

description: The purpose of this study was to assess factors that affect taxpayers' compliance in the case of Category A and B business profit Taxpayers in Debre Birhan Town Revenue office. The study has employed a descriptive survey design. In order to gather the required data, questionnaire and interview have been used. A sample size of 201 was used from a population of 1002 category A and B business operators. To ensure the representativeness of different business sectors of taxpayers, stratified sampling technique was used. Data for this study was collected using questionnaires to category A and B business profit taxpayers. But, tax consultants and staffs of Debre Birhan revenue office purposively selected by the researcher in the form of interview in order to collect sufficient and relevant information for this study. Both primary and secondary data were collected. Responses of survey data were analysed by using binary logistic regression model and SPSS software (V. 20).The result of the study showed that out of ten independent variables incorporated in the model eight variable: Social services, cost of tax compliance, tax knowledge of tax payers, attitude of taxpayers, tax law, perception on tax equity and fairness, probability of being audited, and services of revenue office, found to be key factors affect tax compliance in the study area. Whereas variables such as Penalty and perception on tax rate structure have not affects taxpayer's compliance. Contractors are more non-compliant than other business types in the town. Improving these factors, can encourage taxpayer to file and declare their tax liability correctly. Finally based on the findings, appropriate recommendations were made to the revenue office need to organize any formal or informal tax education and all rounded awareness creation programs frequently to tax payer's, should improve the facilities of offices like internet connections. The office should try to ensure tax fairness and equity, need to educate contractors by giving special emphasis and need to train their authorized tax consultant's, and the revenue officers in order to have a simple tax return system from a taxpayer's point of view, and retain experienced staffs so as to provide quality & timely services to taxpayers to improve the level of their tax compliance and, need to introducing technology, and reviewing the current tax law in order to increase taxpayers compliance so as to enhance the study town's revenue.
Der Flutaktionsplan in Bangladesch
Creators: name: Houscht, Martin Peter
Publisher: name: ASIEN: The German Journal on Contemporary Asia
Year: 2020

description: Wasser, immer wieder Wasser - Bangladesch aus der Sicht des Flugzeugpassagiers während der Monsunzeit.
description: ASIEN: The German Journal on Contemporary Asia, Nr. 63 (1997): ASIEN (April)
Methamphetamine use and rates of incarceration among street-involved youth in a Canadian setting: a cross-sectional analysis
Creators: name: Milloy, M-J
name: Kerr, Thomas
name: Buxton, Jane A.
name: Montaner, Julio
name: Wood, Evan
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2015

description: Background. Given concerns over rising use of methamphetamine, especially among street-involved youth, and the links between exposure to the correctional system and the production of drug-related harm, we sought to assess the relationship between ever using methamphetamine and reporting ever being incarcerated in the At-Risk Youth Survey (ARYS) in Vancouver, Canada. Methods The relationship between ever being imprisoned and ever using methamphetamine was estimated using a multivariate logistic regression analysis while also considering potentially confounding secondary demographic, social and behavioural variables. Results Of the 478 youth recruited into ARYS between September 2005 and October 2006, 385 (80.5%) reported ever being incarcerated overnight or longer. In the multivariate model, methamphetamine use was independently associated with ever being incarcerated (Adjusted Odds Ratio: 1.79, 95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 1.03 – 3.13). Conclusion Incarceration was very common in this cohort and strongly linked with ever using methamphetamine. This finding is of concern and, along with the previously identified risks of drug-related harm associated with incarceration, supports the development of novel public policy, such as community-based drug treatment, to address the use of methamphetamine among street youth.
A comparison of cropping levels in the Sultana
Creators: name: Antcliff, A. J.
Publisher: name: VITIS - Journal of Grapevine Research
Year: 2017

description: When sultana vines were pruned to from three to eight 14-bud canes each year for 14 years there was in every sea·son a linear relation between number of canes retained and weight of fresh fruit harvested. The i!'lcrease in weight per cane retained was positively correlated with the overall mean yield for the season but there were departures from this relation suggestive of a slight biennial bearing effect. No evidence was found of any cumulative effect of the ,differential pruning. The yield from three-cane vines over the whole period was nearly two-thirds that from eight-cane vines. Smaller experiments on three sites comparing pruning to 6, 8, 10 and 12 canes per vine showed that a linear relation between number of canes and weight of fresh fruit also held over this range for the four seasons studied, with no interaction between pruning treatment and site. The yield from six-cane vines was more than three-quarters that from twelve-cane vines. The percentage of buds which burst and the percentage of these which were fruitful appwre, d to be affected by the pruning level ,directly and not through its effects on crop. In both cases there were significant differences in yield between individual vines within the pruning treatments over the period of the trials and these appeared to be at least partly due to internal factors in the vines. No evidence of overcropping was found up to a yield of 143(, tons per acre, the highest for any of the treatments tested.
description: VITIS - Journal of Grapevine Research, Vol. 5 No. 1 (1965): Vitis
Ostasien und der Westen
Creators: name: Heberer, Thomas
Publisher: name: ASIEN: The German Journal on Contemporary Asia
Year: 2020

description: Die Auseinandersetzung um Demokratisierung, Menschenrechte und Wertvorstellungen innerhalb der Staatengemeinschaft hat in den letzten Jahren an Intensität gewonnen.
description: ASIEN: The German Journal on Contemporary Asia, Nr. 63 (1997): ASIEN (April)
Monarcha castaneiventris subsp. megarhynchus Rothschild and Hartert
Creators: name: LeCroy, M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Passeriformes
Monarchidae
Monarcha
Monarcha castaneiventris
Monarcha castaneiventris megarhynchus rothschild and hartert

description: Monarcha castaneiventris megarhynchus Rothschild and Hartert
 Monarcha castaneiventris megarhynchus Rothschild and Hartert, 1908b: 363 (Yanuta, San Cristoval, Solomon Islands).
 Now Monarcha castaneiventris megarhynchus Rothschild and Hartert, 1908. See Filardi and Smith, 2005, and del Hoyo et al., 2006: 305.
 HOLOTYPE: AMNH 655313, adult male, collected on Anuta (5 Yanuta) Island, 10.20S, 161.21E (USBGN, 1974a), Makira (5 San Cristoval) Island, Solomon Islands, on 26 April 1908, by Albert S. Meek (no. 4089).
COMMENTS: Rothschild and Hartert cited Meek’s unique field number of the holotype in the original description and noted that they had three males, one male juvenile, and two females from Anuta, listing Meek’s field numbers for them. The paratypes are: AMNH 655314 (Meek no. 4068), 655315 (4052), 655316 (4035), 655317 (4045), and 655318 (4090), all collected on Anuta in April 1908 by Meek.
description: Published as part of LeCroy, M., 2008, Type Specimens Of Birds In The American Museum Of Natural History. Part 7. Passeriformes: Sylviidae, Muscicapidae, Platysteiridae, Maluridae, Acanthizidae, Monarchidae, Rhipiduridae, And Petroicidae, pp. 1-287 in Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 313 (1) on page 202, DOI: 10.1206/313.1, http://zenodo.org/record/13223808
La construction du passé dans le roman "L'enfant de Bruges" de Gilbert Sinoué
Creators: name: Brault, Gilles
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Literature, Modern.
subject: Literature, Romance.

description: Le foisonnement des oeuvres historiques dans le panorama littéraire témoigne d'une véritable "vogue du roman historique". Or l'analyse des formes plus contemporaines du genre met au jour une modification des paramètres traditionnels de construction de l'Histoire. C'est ce postulat qui nous a incité à consacrer notre étude au roman L'enfant de Bruges (1999) de Gilbert Sinoué. Quelle place et quelle fonction le roman assigne-t-il aux personnages attestés et fictifs? Quelle est la nature des procédés de représentation du personnel et de la société du roman et quelles sont leurs répercussions sur la construction de l'Histoire? Quel est l'impact de l'importation des techniques propres au genre policier sur le mode de composition? Quelle est la validité d'une telle approche sur le plan historique? Notre réflexion s'attardera à dégager les composantes narratologiques et discursives qui président à la construction du passé dans le roman de Gilbert Sinoué.
Über den Einfluß der Temperatur auf die Blutung von Reben
Creators: name: Alleweldt, G.
Publisher: name: VITIS - Journal of Grapevine Research
Year: 2017

description: • Die Blutungsintensität wuvde an 2jährigen Topfreben in Abhängigkeit von der Temperatur festgestellt und das Vorliegen von spezifischen Sortenreaktionen überprüft. • Die Blutung setzt unabhängig von der Jahres,zeit (Dezember bis Februar) bei etwa 5-6° C ein. Ein bemerkenswerter Saftfluß ist jedoch erst bei Temperaturen oberhalb von 8-10° C zu beobachten, wobei mit fortschreitender Jahreszeit bei den Sorten Riparia G 1 und Kober 5 BB eine allgemeine Intensivierung des Blutungsstromes in jedem Temperaturbereich oberhalb von 10° C zu beobachten ist, nicht indes bei Riesling. • Kurz nach dem Einsetzen der Blutung erreicht der Saftfluß bei höherer Temperatur einen ausgeprägten Gipfelwert. Das daran abschließende Nachlassen der Blutung ist nicht primär mit dem kurz darauf folgenden Knospenaustrieb gekoppelt, wie aus einem Versuch mit Pflanzen, von denen die Knospen vorher entfernt wurden, hervorgeht. • Die Intensität der Blutung ist während der ersten Exsudationsphase außerordentlich thermolabil. Sie wird durch sehr niedrige Temperaturen ( +6° C) nicht vollständig unterbunden, wenn vorher kurzfristig höhere Temperaturen den Saftfluß stimulieren. • Als besonders reaktionsfreudige Sorte erwies sich die Unterlage Riparia G 1. Sie spricht auf steigende Temperaturen hinsichtlich der Blutungsintensität weitaus mehr an als Riesling und Kober 5 BB. Allerdings erlangt diese Sorte ihre hohe Temperaturreaktionsfreudigkeit erst im zeitigen Frühjahr (Ende Januar, Februar), während sie im Winter (Dezember) ähnlich gering auf Temperaturerhöhungen anspricht wie die genannten Sorten Riesling und Kober 5 BB.
description: VITIS - Journal of Grapevine Research, Vol. 5 No. 1 (1965): Vitis
Einfluß von Witterungsfaktoren auf die Zusammensetzung ungarischer Weine
Creators: name: Ferenczi, S.
name: Tuzson, I.
Publisher: name: VITIS - Journal of Grapevine Research
Year: 2017

description: Aufgrund von Korrelationsberechnungen ließen sich zwischen einigen klimatischen Faktoren und der chemischen Zusamensetzung der Weine enge Beziehungen nachweisen.
description: VITIS - Journal of Grapevine Research, Vol. 5 No. 2 (1965): Vitis
Über Inhaltsstoffe von Mosten und Weinen V. Nachweis von biogenen Aminen im Wein und deren Bedeutung
Creators: name: Drawert, F.
Publisher: name: VITIS - Journal of Grapevine Research
Year: 2017

description: Im Zusammenhang mit Aminosäuren-Untersuchungen wurden in verschiedenen Weinen biogene Amine aufgefunden. Deren Abtrennung erfolgte durch Ionenaustausch oder Destillation, ihre Auftrennung papier-, dünnschicht- oder gaschromatographisch. Retentionsvergleiche und Nachweisreaktionen weisen auf das Vorkommen von mindestens 20-25 primären, ,sekundären, tertiären und von Diaminen in Weinen hin. Die Unterschiede der verschiedensten Weine im Gehalt an Aminen sind bevorzugt quantitativer Art.
description: VITIS - Journal of Grapevine Research, Vol. 5 No. 2 (1965): Vitis
Bandwidth management in slotted all-optical packet-switched networks under the DiffServ domain
Creators: name: Ghaffar Pour Rahbar, Akbar
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Computer Science.

description: Due to its finer granularity, optical packet switching can efficiently use the bandwidth provided by all-optical networking. This research develops a new framework to manage the bandwidth in buffer-less slotted all-optical packet-switched networks suitable for the next generation IP networks where the quality of service must be addressed. We first present an ingress switch architecture along with a new control and signaling structure for the slotted-OPS network. Then we design different components of our ingress switch architecture including packet scheduling, retransmission management, and bandwidth access units. A class-based packet scheduling is designed to reduce the inter-transmission time from different source routers, and to provide packet differentiation so that fairness issues for DiffServ support are addressed and resolved. The contention problem at the core switch is studied. Inexpensive contention avoidance and resolution schemes in the optical domain are considered. For contention avoidance, we have used the software approach from the ingress switch, while for contention resolution we have analyzed the prioritized retransmission technique to limit the number of retransmissions, and to improve network throughput. We have also designed new algorithms in core switches to resolve contention for class-based traffic. A new contention-based DTDM (Distributed TDM) bandwidth access technique is designed in which the ingress switches can evenly distribute traffic among available wavelengths and fibers. It can shape the traffic which plays an important role in reducing loss rate when accessing a slotted all-optical OPS network. The DTDM technique is further improved in an integrated scheme in a slotted all-optical single-hop OPS network that can benefit from the positive aspects of the centralized reservation-based scheme during high traffic load. The AAPN (Agile All-Photonic Network) network using the integrated technique is illustrated as an example. In summary, all the above methods are utilized to build our OPS network architecture. We have studied both design and analysis issues in a cost-effective OPS network including packet scheduling, contention avoidance, retransmission, optical network access, and packet assembling, all in the optical domain.