cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Supplementary Material to "Per-Pathogen Virulence of HIV-1 subtypes A, C and D" from Per-pathogen virulence of HIV-1 subtypes A, C and D
Creators: name: Bouman, Judith A
name: Venner, Colin M
name: Walker, Courtney
name: Arts, Eric J
name: Regoes, Roland R
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60102 Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 10202 Biological Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: HIV-1 subtypes differ in their clinical manifestations and the speed in which they spread. In particular, the frequency of subtype C is increasing relative to subtype A and D. We investigate whether HIV-1 subtype A, C and D differ in their per-pathogen virulence and to what extend this explains the difference in spread between these subtypes. We use data from the hormonal contraception and HIV-1 genital shedding and disease progression among women with primary HIV infection study. For each study participant, we determine the set-point viral load value, ++++
Fast Fractional Programming for Multi-Cell Integrated Sensing and Communications
Creators: name: Chen, Yannan
name: Feng, Yi
name: Li, Xiaoyang
name: Zhao, Licheng
name: Shen, Kaiming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This paper concerns the coordinate multi-cell beamforming design for integrated sensing and communications (ISAC). In particular, we assume that each base station (BS) has massive antennas. The optimization objective is to maximize a weighted sum of the data rates (for communications) and the Fisher information (for sensing). We first show that the conventional beamforming method for the multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) transmission, i.e., the weighted minimum mean square error (WMMSE) algorithm, works for the ISAC problem case from a fractional programming (FP) perspective. However, the WMMSE algorithm frequently requires computing the $N\times N$ matrix inverse, where $N$ is the number of transmit or receive antennas, so the algorithm becomes quite costly when antennas are massively deployed. To address this issue, we develop a nonhomogeneous bound and use it in conjunction with the FP technique to solve the ISAC beamforming problem without the need to invert any large matrices. It is further shown that the resulting new FP algorithm has an intimate connection with gradient projection, based on which we can accelerate the convergence via Nesterov's gradient extrapolation.
description: 17 pages
Vertical current induced domain wall motion in MgO-based magnetic tunnel junction with low current densities
Creators: name: Chanthbouala, A.
name: Matsumoto, R.
name: Grollier, J.
name: Cros, V.
name: Anane, A.
name: Fert, A.
name: Khvalkovskiy, A. V.
name: Zvezdin, K. A.
name: Nishimura, K.
name: Nagamine, Y.
name: Maehara, H.
name: Tsunekawa, K.
name: Fukushima, A.
name: Yuasa, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Shifting electrically a magnetic domain wall (DW) by the spin transfer mechanism is one of the future ways foreseen for the switching of spintronic memories or registers. The classical geometries where the current is injected in the plane of the magnetic layers suffer from a poor efficiency of the intrinsic torques acting on the DWs. A way to circumvent this problem is to use vertical current injection. In that case, theoretical calculations attribute the microscopic origin of DW displacements to the out-of-plane (field-like) spin transfer torque. Here we report experiments in which we controllably displace a DW in the planar electrode of a magnetic tunnel junction by vertical current injection. Our measurements confirm the major role of the out-of-plane spin torque for DW motion, and allow to quantify this term precisely. The involved current densities are about 100 times smaller than the one commonly observed with in-plane currents. Step by step resistance switching of the magnetic tunnel junction opens a new way for the realization of spintronic memristive devices.
Approximate solutions of a general stochastic velocity-jump model subject to discrete-time noisy observations
Creators: name: Ceccarelli, Arianna
name: Browning, Alexander P.
name: Baker, Ruth E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 92-08

description: Advances in experimental techniques allow the collection of high-resolution spatio-temporal data that track individual motile entities over time. These tracking data motivate the use of mathematical models to characterise the motion observed. In this paper, we aim to describe the solutions of velocity-jump models for single-agent motion in one spatial dimension, characterised by successive Markovian transitions within a finite network of n states, each with a specified velocity and a fixed rate of switching to every other state. In particular, we focus on obtaining the solutions of the model subject to noisy, discrete-time, observations, with no direct access to the agent state. The lack of direct observation of the hidden state makes the problem of finding the exact distributions generally intractable. Therefore, we derive a series of approximations for the data distributions. We verify the accuracy of these approximations by comparing them to the empirical distributions generated through simulations of four example model structures. These comparisons confirm that the approximations are accurate given sufficiently infrequent state switching relative to the imaging frequency. The approximate distributions computed can be used to obtain fast forwards predictions, to give guidelines on experimental design, and as likelihoods for inference and model selection.
description: Main: 35 pages, 9 figures. Supplementary Information: 25 pages, 5 figures
32131: Family Time in Lockdown
Creators: name: Project, Lockdown2020 and Beyond
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 479999
subject: Other language, communication and culture not elsewhere classified

description: With my exams cancelled and my project pretty much finished before lockdown started I was faced with a slightly anticlimactic final push for my degree. It was a very different experience to spend my final term sitting at my desk in my bedroom typing my thesis for 3 hours a day rather than sweating in the library with my friends. I did find that life seemed to return to my pre-university days. With myself and my brother both living at home and not being allowed out, we started doing family activities with our free time, like going for picnics and walks, just like it was when I was 11! A VE day socially distanced barbecue was a nice way to meet the new neighbours but otherwise life has been very quiet in Mogador. I look forward to hopefully getting back to Oxford soon to celebrate finishing properly.
The Hamiltonian constraint in Polymer Parametrized Field Theory
Creators: name: Laddha, Alok
name: Varadarajan, Madhavan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, a generally covariant reformulation of 2 dimensional flat spacetime free scalar field theory known as Parameterised Field Theory was quantized using Loop Quantum Gravity (LQG) type `polymer' representations. Physical states were constructed, without intermediate regularization structures, by averaging over the group of gauge transformations generated by the constraints, the constraint algebra being a Lie algebra. We consider classically equivalent combinations of these constraints corresponding to a diffeomorphism and a Hamiltonian constraint, which, as in gravity, define a Dirac algebra. Our treatment of the quantum constraints parallels that of LQG and obtains the following results, expected to be of use in the construction of the quantum dynamics of LQG:(i) the (triangulated) Hamiltonian constraint acts only on vertices, its construction involves some of the same ambiguities as in LQG and its action on diffeomorphism invariant states admits a continuum limit (ii)if the regulating holonomies are in representations tailored to the edge labels of the state, all previously obtained physical states lie in the kernel of the Hamiltonian constraint, (iii) the commutator of two (density weight 1) Hamiltonian constraints as well as the operator correspondent of their classical Poisson bracket converge to zero in the continuum limit defined by diffeomorphism invariant states, and vanish on the Lewandowski- Marolf (LM) habitat (iv) the rescaled density 2 Hamiltonian constraints and their commutator are ill defined on the LM habitat despite the well defined- ness of the operator correspondent of their classical Poisson bracket there (v) there is a new habitat which supports a non-trivial representation of the Poisson- Lie algebra of density 2 constraints
description: 53 pages
A perturbative approach to the solution of the Thirring quantum cellular automaton
Creators: name: Bisio, Alessandro
name: Perinotti, Paolo
name: Pizzamiglio, Andrea
name: Rota, Saverio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Thirring Quantum Cellular Automaton (QCA) describes the discrete time dynamics of local fermionic modes that evolve according to one step of the Dirac cellular automaton followed by the most general on-site number-preserving interaction, and serves as the QCA counterpart of the Thirring model in quantum field theory. In this work, we develop perturbative techniques for the QCA path-sum approach, expanding both the number of interaction vertices and the mass parameter of the Thirring QCA. By classifying paths within the regimes of very light and very heavy particles, we computed the transition matrices in the two- and three-particle sectors to the first few orders. Our investigation into the properties of the Thirring QCA, addressing the combinatorial complexity of the problem, yielded some useful results applicable to the many-particle sector of any on-site number-preserving interactions in one spatial dimension.
description: 25 pages, 5 figures
Quantum Simulation with Gauge Fixing: from Ising Lattice Gauge Theory to Dynamical Flux Model
Creators: name: Wang, Junsen
name: Sun, Xiangxiang
name: Zheng, Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum simulation of synthetic dynamic gauge field has attracted much attentions in recent years. There are two traditional ways to simulate gauge theories. One is to directly simulate the full Hamiltonian of gauge theories with local gauge symmetries. And the other is to engineer the projected Hamiltonian in one gauge subsector. In this work, we provide the third way towards the simulation of gauge theories based on gauge fixing. To demonstrate this concept, we fix the gauge of an Ising lattice gauge field coupled with spinless fermions on a ladder geometry. After the gauge fixing, this gauge theory is reduced to a simpler model, in which fermions hop on a ladder with a fluctuating dynamical $\mathbb{Z}_{2}$ flux. Then we shows that this model can be realized via Floquet engineering in ultracold atomic gases. By analytical and numerical studies of this dynamical flux model, we deduce that there is confinement to deconfinement phase transition in the original unfixed gauge theory. This work paves the way to quantum simulate lattice gauge theory using the concept of gauge fixing, relevant both for condensed matter and high energy physics.
description: Close to the published version. 13 pages, 10 figures
Exploring risk and resilience related to health and well-being among youth who live in rural areas : a rapid evidence assessment
Creators: name: Bruner, Mattae
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2018

description: Rural communities exist within uniquely complex social, economic and demographic contexts. Youth living in rural areas face higher rates of socio-contextual adversities and greater barriers to optimal health and well-being when compared to urban youth. Previous research indicates that resilience is protective against the risks associated with adversity. This Rapid Evidence Assessment (REA) explored how living in a rural context influences health and well being related risk and resiliency for youth. The analysis produced results within the following six themes: 1) resources for resilience processes, 2) support and connectedness, 3) positive cognitive patterns, 4) rural youth health perspectives, 5) age and gender and 6) the effect of resilience promoting service delivery. The findings confirm that living in a rural context yields a strong influence on the health and well being outcomes in the lives of rural youth. The influences were sometimes identified as a risk factor, at other times such influences became protective. Resources that promote resilience were found to be individual and contextual forces that youth could access to cope with adversity and improve health and well-being outcomes. The uniquely interconnected relational networks that evolved in rural settings, coupled with the importance that youth placed on those networks for providing well-being, could be utilized to better promote resilience. Additionally, the cognitive patterns with which rural youth interpreted themselves and the world around them were important to the formation of resilience and were found to be positively associated with favourable relationships between youth and peers, family, community, and schools. Based on the synthesis of evidence, I propose that there is merit in the provision of health promotion services for youth who live in rural areas that are: 1) resilience promoting, 2) contextually-specific, 3) empowering and respectful, 4) focused on fostering support and connectedness, 5) endeavouring to strengthen positive cognitive patterns, 6) provided early and consistently over time. Services that use a resilience promoting approach for rural youth have the potential to foster the development of individual and contextual resources that will aid youth to achieve positive health and well-being outcomes, despite higher rates of exposure to significant socio-contextual adversities.
Improving measurements of H(z) and Da(z) by analyzing clustering anisotropies
Creators: name: Kazin, Eyal A.
name: Sanchez, Ariel G.
name: Blanton, Michael R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The baryonic acoustic feature in galaxy clustering is a promising tool for constraining the nature of the cosmic acceleration, through measurements of expansion rates H and angular diameter distances D_A. Angle-averaged measurements of clustering yield constraints on the quantity D_A^2/H. However, to break the degeneracy between these two parameters one must measure the anisotropic correlation function as a function of both line-of-sight (radial) and transverse separations. Here we investigate how to most effectively do so, using analytic techniques and mock catalogues. In particular, we examine multipole expansions of the correlation function as well as "clustering wedges" xi(Delta mu, s), where mu = s_||/s and s_|| is the radial component of separation s. Both techniques allow strong constraints on H and D_A, as expected. The radial wedges strongly depend on H and the transverse wedges are sensitive to D_A. Analyses around the region of the acoustic peak constrain H ~20% better when using the wedge statistics than when using the monopole-quadrupole combination. However, we show that the hexadecapole allows substantially stronger constraints than the monopole and quadrupole alone. Our findings here demonstrate that wedge statistics provide a practical alternative technique to multipoles, that should be useful to test systematics and will provide comparable or better constraints. Finally, we predict the constraints from galaxy clustering that will be possible with a completed version of the ongoing Baryonic Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey.
description: 26 pages, 14 figures, submitted to MNRAS
Interstellar HOCN in the Galactic center region
Creators: name: Bruenken, S.
name: Belloche, A.
name: Martin, S.
name: Verheyen, L.
name: Menten, K. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aims. Our aim is to confirm the interstellar detection of cyanic acid, HOCN, in the Galactic center clouds. It has previously been tentatively detected only in Sgr B2(OH). Methods. We used a complete line survey of the hot cores Sgr B2(N) and (M) in the 3 mm range, complemented by additional observations carried out with the IRAM 30 m telescope at selected frequencies in the 2 mm band and towards four additional positions in the Sgr B2 cloud complex in the 2 and 3 mm bands. The spectral survey was analysed in the local thermodynamical equilibrium approximation (LTE) by modeling the emission of all identified molecules simultaneously. This allowed us to distinguish weak features of HOCN from the rich line spectrum observed in Sgr B2(N) and (M). Lines of the more stable (by 1.1 eV) isomer isocyanic acid, HNCO, in these sources, as well as those of HOCN and HNCO towards the other positions, were analysed in the LTE approximation as well. Results. Four transitions of HOCN were detected in a quiescent molecular cloud in the Galactic center at a position offset in (R.A., decl.) by (20'',100'') from the hot core source Sgr B2(M), confirming its previous tentative interstellar detection. Up to four transitions were detected toward five other positions in the Sgr B2 complex, including the hot cores Sgr B2(M), (S), and (N). A fairly constant abundance ratio of ~ 0.3 - 0.8 % for HOCN relative to HNCO was derived for the extended gas components, suggesting a common formation process of these isomers.
Thouless pumping in a driven-dissipative Kerr resonator array
Creators: name: Ravets, S.
name: Pernet, N.
name: Mostaan, N.
name: Goldman, N.
name: Bloch, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Thouless pumping is an emblematic manifestation of topology in physics, referring to the ability to induce a quantized transport of charge across a system by simply varying one of its parameters periodically in time. The original concept of Thouless pumping involves a non-interacting system, and has been implemented in several platforms. One current challenge in the field is to extend this concept to interacting systems. In this article, we propose a Thouless pump that solely relies on nonlinear physics, within a chain of coupled Kerr resonators. Leveraging the driven-dissipative nature of the system, we modulate in space and time the onsite Kerr interaction energies, and generate 1+1-dimensional topological bands in the Bogoliubov spectrum of excitations. These bands present the same topology as the ones obtained within the Harper-Hofstadter framework, and the Wannier states associated to each band experience a net displacement and show quantized transport according to the bands Chern numbers. Remarkably, we find driving configurations leading to band inversion, revealing an interaction-induced topological transition. Our numerical simulations are performed using realistic parameters inspired from exciton polaritons, which form a platform of choice for investigating driven topological phases of matter.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
Eigenvalue repulsion estimates and some applications for the one-dimensional Anderson model
Creators: name: Rivkind, Alexander
name: Krivolapov, Yevgeny
name: Fishman, Shmuel
name: Soffer, Avy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81Qxx, 35Pxx, 35Qxx

description: We show that the spacing between eigenvalues of the discrete 1D Hamiltonian with arbitrary potentials which are bounded, and with Dirichlet or Neumann Boundary Conditions is bounded away from zero. We prove an explicit lower bound, given by $Ce^{-bN}$, where $N$ is the lattice size, and $C$ and $b$ are some finite constants. In particular, the spectra of such Hamiltonians have no degenerate eigenvalues. As applications we show that to leading order in the coupling, the solution of a nonlinearly perturbed Anderson model in one-dimension (on the lattice) remains exponentially localized, in probability and average sense for initial conditions given by a unique eigenfunction of the linear problem. We also bound the derivative of the eigenfunctions of the linear Anderson model with respect to a potential change.
description: 19 pages
Arcyodes incarnata O. F. Cook 1902
Creators: name: Treviño-Zevallos, Italo
name: García-Cunchillos, Iván
name: Basanta, Diana Wrigley De
name: Lado, Carlos
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Protozoa
Mycetozoa
Myxomycetes
Trichiales
Arcyriaceae
Arcyodes
Arcyodes incarnata

description: 1. Arcyodes incarnata (Alb. & Schwein.) O.F. Cook, Science 15:651 (1902)
 Specimens examined. PERU. Junin: Huancayo, Huancayo, route 108, km 10, 8 km southwest of Acopalca, 3505 m, 12º00′18”S, 75º09′38”W, 27 Apr 2017, bark and wood of Eucalyptus globulus, Lado 25434 (MA-Fungi 96589), trunk of Eucalyptus globulus, Lado 25437 (MA-Fungi 96591).
 Notes. This species produces sessile, heaped sporocarps and spinulose or warted capillitium. The spores of our collections are slightly larger, reaching up to 9 µm vs. 6–8 µm as described in Nannenga-Bremekamp (1991).
description: Published as part of Treviño-Zevallos, Italo, García-Cunchillos, Iván, Basanta, Diana Wrigley De & Lado, Carlos, 2023, Diversity of Myxomycetes from Peru Part III: The high Andes and the altiplano, pp. 1-92 in Phytotaxa 624 (1) on page 9, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.624.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10150721
Predicting solvation free energies for neutral molecules in any solvent with openCOSMO-RS
Creators: name: Müller, Simon
name: Nevolianis, Thomas
name: Garcia-Ratés, Miquel
name: Riplinger, Christoph
name: Leonhard, Kai
name: Smirnova, Irina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The accurate prediction of solvation free energies is critical for understanding various phenomena in the liquid phase, including reaction rates, equilibrium constants, activity coefficients, and partition coefficients. Despite extensive research, precise prediction of solvation free energies remains challenging. In this study, we introduce openCOSMO-RS 24a, an improved version of the open-source COSMO-RS model, capable of predicting solvation free energies alongside other liquid-phase properties. We parameterize openCOSMO-RS 24a using quantum chemical calculations from ORCA 6.0, leveraging a comprehensive dataset that includes solvation free energies, partition coefficients, and infinite dilution activity coefficients for various solutes and solvents at 25 °C. Additionally, we develop a Quantitative Structure-Property Relationships model to predict molar volumes of the solvents, an essential requirement for predicting solvation free energies from structure alone. Our results show that openCOSMO-RS 24a achieves an average absolute deviation of 0.45 kcal/mol for solvation free energies, 0.76 for partition coefficients, and 0.51 for infinite dilution activity coefficients, demonstrating improvements over the previous openCOSMO-RS 22 parameterization and comparable results to COSMOtherm 24 TZVP. A new command line interface for openCOSMO-RS 24a was developed which allows easy acces to the solvation energy model directly from within ORCA 6.0. This represents a significant advancement in the predictive modeling of solvation free energies and other solution-phase properties, providing researchers with a robust tool for applications in chemical and materials science.
Exact and Approximate Solutions for the Dilute Ising Model
Creators: name: Serva, Maurizio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ground state energy and entropy of the dilute mean field Ising model is computed exactly by a single order parameter. An analogous exact solution is obtained in presence of a magnetic field with random locations. Results allow for a complete understanding of the geography of the associated random graph. In particular we give the size of the giant component (continent) and the number of isolated clusters of connected spins of all given size (islands). We also compute the average number of bonds per spin in the continent and in the islands. Then, we tackle the problem of computing the free energy of the dilute Ising model at strictly positive temperature. We are able to find out the exact solution in the paramagnetic region and exactly determine the phase transition line. In the ferromagnetic region we provide a solution in terms of an expansion with respect to a second parameter which can be made as accurate as necessary. All results are reached in the replica frame by a strategy which is not based on multi-overlaps.
description: 18 pages, 4 figures
Cognitive motor interference control task from The nature effect in motion: visual exposure to environmental scenes impacts cognitive load and human gait kinematics
Creators: name: Burtan, D.
name: Joyce, K.
name: J. Burn
name: T. C. Handy
name: S. Ho
name: U. Leonards
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: 110601 Biomechanics
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 170299 Cognitive Science not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Prolonged exposure to urban environments requires higher cognitive processing resources than exposure to nature environments, even if only visual cues are available. Here, we explored the moment-to-moment impact of environment type on visual cognitive processing load, measuring gait kinematics and reaction times. In Experiment 1, participants (n = 20) walked toward nature and urban images projected in front of them, one image per walk, and rated each image for visual discomfort. Gait speed and step length decreased for exposure to urban as compared to nature scenes in line with gait changes observed during verbal cognitive load tasks. We teased apart factors that might contribute to cognitive load: image statistics and visual discomfort. Gait changes correlated with subjective ratings of visual discomfort and their interaction with the environment but not with low-level image statistics. In Experiment 2, participants (n = 45) performed a classic shape discrimination task with the same environmental scenes serving as task-irrelevant distractors. Shape discrimination was slower when urban scenes were presented, suggesting that it is harder to disengage attention from urban than from nature scenes. This provides converging evidence that increased cognitive demands posed by exposure to urban scenes can be measured with gait kinematics and reaction times even for short exposure times.
Complex masses in the S-matrix
Creators: name: Rupp, George
name: Coito, Susana
name: van Beveren, Eef
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Most excited hadrons have multiparticle strong decay modes, which can often be described as resulting from intermediate states containing one or two resonances. In a theoretical approach, such a description in terms of quasi-two-particle initial and final states leads to unitarity violations, because of the complex masses of the involved resonances. In the present paper, an empirical algebraic procedure is presented to restore unitarity of the S-matrix while preserving its symmetry. Preliminary results are presented in a first application to S-wave pion-pion scattering, in the framework of the Resonance-Spectrum Expansion.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures, Acta Physica Polonica B style; plenary talk given by George Rupp at the workshop Excited QCD 2010, 31 Jan. - 6 Feb. 2010 in Stara Lesna, Slovakia
Operating Costs at Four Potato Packing Plants
Creators: name: Volz, Marvin D.
name: Anthony, Joseph P.
name: Volz, Marvin D.
name: Anthony, Joseph P.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1977
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Production Economics
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: Report Summary: This report is concerned with the costs of labor, materials, equipment, and ownership operation at four potato packing plants. The man-hour production rate at the four firms studied during 1974 ranged from 709.5 to 1,131.4 pounds of potatoes. The highest production occurred at one of the smaller volume potato firms; however, the lowest production was at the firm with the least volume. In this study the production rate was not necessarily dependent on volume but on other factors, such as (1) scheduling of field and plant crews, (2) unloading area capacity to avoid delays in feeding the production line, (3) plant layout, (4) crew skill, (5) automatic bag filling and closing, (6) mechanized handling, (7) palletization, and (8) grade-out variation of potatoes. The costs per unit for labor, materials, and equipment for packing potatoes in master containers with ten 5-pound bags were $0.971 at firm A and $0.915 at firm B. Firms C and D were packing six 8-pound and five 10-pound bags in master containers at $0.986 and $1.027, respectively.
Colloquium: Synthetic quantum matter in non-standard geometries
Creators: name: Grass, Tobias
name: Bercioux, Dario
name: Bhattacharya, Utso
name: Lewenstein, Maciej
name: Nguyen, Hai Son
name: Weitenberg, Christof
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum simulation is making a significant impact on scientific research. The prevailing tendency of the field is to build quantum simulators that get closer to real-world systems of interest, in particular electronic materials. However, progress in the microscopic design also provides an opportunity for an orthogonal research direction: building quantum many-body systems beyond real-world limitations. This colloquium takes this perspective: Concentrating on synthetic quantum matter in non-standard lattice geometries, such as fractal lattices or quasicrystals, higher-dimensional or curved spaces, it aims at providing a fresh introduction to the field of quantum simulation aligned with recent trends across various quantum simulation platforms, including atomic, photonic, and electronic devices. We also shine light on the novel phenomena which arise from these geometries: Condensed matter physicists may appreciate the variety of different localization properties as well as novel topological phases which are offered by such exotic quantum simulators. But also in the search of quantum models for gravity and cosmology, quantum simulators of curved spaces can provide a useful experimental tool.
description: 32 pages, 11 figures
In-vivo comparison of digital and conventional inter-occlusal records
Creators: name: Abdulateef, Saraa
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2018

description: Purpose: The objectives of this study were to evaluate the clinical accuracy and reproducibility of virtual inter-occlusal records of the CEREC intraoral scanning system. The presence or absence of inter-occlusal contacts on multiple virtual occlusal records will be compared with conventional polyvinyl siloxane (PVS) inter-occlusal records. Materials and Methods: Three conventional inter-occlusal records followed by three virtual inter-occlusal records per side per participants were taken. Then three sites of close proximity (SCP) and three sites of clearance (SC) per side per participant were identified on the transilluminated conventional PVS inter-occlusal records. A total of sixty SCP and SC were identified for ten participants using the conventional PVS inter-occlusal records. The presence or absence of these sites were analyzed using CloudCompare Software. Result: Sensitivity for the three-different virtual inter-occlusal records was between 82% and 87%. Specificity was higher with values between 93% and 97%. Positive predictive values for the three scans were 95%, 96%, and 93%, and the negative predictive values 84%, 86% and 88%. Only 74% of the SCP were detected consistently with all three repeated scans and 92% of the SC were identified accurately with all the three scans. Conclusion: Accuracy of CEREC Omnicam intra-oral scanner is clinically acceptable, while reproducibility is fair.
Arcyria incarnata Pers., Observ.
Creators: name: Treviño-Zevallos, Italo
name: García-Cunchillos, Iván
name: Basanta, Diana Wrigley De
name: Lado, Carlos
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Protozoa
Mycetozoa
Myxomycetes
Trichiales
Arcyriaceae
Arcyria
Arcyria incarnata

description: 7. Arcyria cf. incarnata (Pers. ex J.F. Gmel.) Pers., Observ. mycol. 1: 58 (1796)
 Specimen examined. PERU. Ancash: Bolognesi, Huasta, Chiquian, route AN-1263 towards Huallanca, km 54, 1 km east of Llamac, 3241 m, 10º11′48”S, 77º01′20”W, 15 May 2018, phyllodes, woody debris and bark of Eucalyptus globulus, Lado 26799 (MA-Fungi 97569).
 Notes. The poor conditions of the specimen prevented a confirmed identification.
description: Published as part of Treviño-Zevallos, Italo, García-Cunchillos, Iván, Basanta, Diana Wrigley De & Lado, Carlos, 2023, Diversity of Myxomycetes from Peru Part III: The high Andes and the altiplano, pp. 1-92 in Phytotaxa 624 (1) on page 10, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.624.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10150721
On the Detectability of Galactic Dark Matter Annihilation into Monochromatic Gamma-rays
Creators: name: Tang, Zhi-Cheng
name: Yuan, Qiang
name: Bi, Xiao-Jun
name: Chen, Guo-Ming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Monochromatic gamma-rays are thought to be the smoking gun signal for identifying the dark matter annihilation. However, the flux of monochromatic gamma-rays is usually suppressed by the virtual quantum effects since dark matter should be neutral and does not couple with gamma-rays directly. In the work we study the detection strategy of the monochromatic gamma-rays in a future space-based detector. The monochromatic gamma-ray flux is calculated by assuming supersymmetric neutralino as a typical dark matter candidate. We discuss both the detection focusing on the Galactic center and in a scan mode which detects gamma-rays from the whole Galactic halo are compared. The detector performance for the purpose of monochromatic gamma-rays detection, with different energy and angular resolution, field of view, background rejection efficiencies, is carefully studied with both analytical and fast Monte-Carlo method.
First-principles investigation of morphotropic transitions and phase-change functional responses in BiFeO3-BiCoO3 multiferroic solid solutions
Creators: name: Diéguez, Oswaldo
name: Íñiguez, Jorge
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an ab initio study of the BFCO solid solution formed by multiferroics BiFeO3 (BFO) and BiCoO3 (BCO). We find that BFCO presents a strongly discontinuous morphotropic transition between BFO-like and BCO-like ferroelectric phases. Further, for all compositions such phases remain (meta)stable and retain well-differentiated properties. Our results thus suggest that an electric field can be used to switch between these structures, and show that such a switching involves large phase-change effects of various types, including piezoelectric, electric, and magnetoelectric ones.
description: Submitted
Treatment of Two Nucleons in Three Dimensions
Creators: name: Fachruddin, I.
name: Elster, Ch.
name: Golak, J.
name: Skibinski, R.
name: Gloeckle, W.
name: Witala, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extend a new treatment proposed for two-nucleon (2N) and three-nucleon (3N) bound states to 2N scattering. This technique takes momentum vectors as variables, thus, avoiding partial wave decomposition, and handles spin operators analytically. We apply the general operator structure of a nucleon-nucleon (NN) potential to the NN T-matrix, which becomes a sum of six terms, each term being scalar products of spin operators and momentum vectors multiplied with scalar functions of vector momenta. Inserting this expansions of the NN force and T-matrix into the Lippmann-Schwinger equation allows to remove the spin dependence by taking traces and yields a set of six coupled equations for the scalar functions found in the expansion of the T-matrix.
description: 4 pages, Contribution to The 19th International IUPAP Conference on Few-Body Problems in Physics, 31.08 - 05.09.2009, Bonn, Germany
The neutron star mass, distance, and inclination from precision timing of the brilliant millisecond pulsar J0437$-$4715
Creators: name: Reardon, Daniel J.
name: Bailes, Matthew
name: Shannon, Ryan M.
name: Flynn, Chris
name: Askew, Jacob
name: Bhat, N. D. Ramesh
name: Chen, Zu-Cheng
name: Curyło, Małgorzata
name: Feng, Yi
name: Hobbs, George B.
name: Kapur, Agastya
name: Kerr, Matthew
name: Liu, Xiaojin
name: Manchester, Richard N.
name: Mandow, Rami
name: Mishra, Saurav
name: Russell, Christopher J.
name: Shamohammadi, Mohsen
name: Zhang, Lei
name: Zic, Andrew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The observation of neutron stars enables the otherwise impossible study of fundamental physical processes. The timing of binary radio pulsars is particularly powerful, as it enables precise characterization of their (three-dimensional) positions and orbits. PSR~J0437$-$4715 is an important millisecond pulsar for timing array experiments and is also a primary target for the Neutron Star Interior Composition Explorer (NICER). The main aim of the NICER mission is to constrain the neutron star equation of state by inferring the compactness ($M_p/R$) of the star. Direct measurements of the mass $M_p$ from pulsar timing therefore substantially improve constraints on the radius $R$ and the equation of state. Here we use observations spanning 26 years from Murriyang, the 64-m Parkes radio telescope, to improve the timing model for this pulsar. Among the new precise measurements are the pulsar mass $M_p=1.418\pm 0.044$ $M_{\odot}$, distance $D=156.96 \pm 0.11$ pc, and orbital inclination angle $i=137.506 \pm 0.016^\circ$, which can be used to inform the X-ray pulse profile models inferred from NICER observations. We demonstrate that these results are consistent between multiple data sets from the Parkes Pulsar Timing Array (PPTA), each modeled with different noise assumptions. Using the longest available PPTA data set, we measure an apparent second derivative of the pulsar spin frequency and discuss how this can be explained either by kinematic effects due to the proper motion and radial velocity of the pulsar or excess low-frequency noise such as a gravitational-wave background.
description: 13 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in Astrophysical Journal Letters
Quark and Gluon Angular Momentum in the Nucleon
Creators: name: Burkardt, Matthias
name: BC, Hikmat
name: Jarrah, Abdullah
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Parton distributions in impact parameter space, which are obtained by Fourier transforming GPDs, are exhibit a significant deviation from axial symmetry when the target and/or quark is transversely polarized. From this deformation, we present an intuitive derivation of the Ji relation. In a scalar diquark model and in QED, we compare the Ji and Jaffe-Manohar decompositions of the nucleon spin. Using the MIT bag model, we estimate spectator effects through the presence of the gluon vector potential in the definitions of the quark orbital angular momentum.
description: invited talk at MENU2010, Williamsburg, May 31 - June 4
Visualizing visual literacy
Creators: name: Peña Alonso, Ernesto José
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2018

description: In recent times, the declaration of the prominence of the visual over other channels of communication has been persistent across several disciplines, including film studies, design, sociology, and literacy education (e.g. Bolter, 1991; Fransecky & Debes, 1972; Kress, 2005; Sartori, 1998; Messaris, 2012). It is within this loom of visuality that the concept visual literacy has been woven together throughout the twentieth century and beyond. This dissertation explores the mobilization of this concept through the last century and addresses the implications of its interdisciplinary and polysemic nature. By tracing the evolution of this term, as well as some of its correlates in English, I map the concept of “the visual as a literacy.” In order to do this, I first completed a comprehensive search of available databases for all uses of “visual literacy” in English, in the process compiling a working bibliography of 2400 documents. Subsequently, I created a full-text database of 330 representative documents I deemed most central to the mobilization of visual literacy. I employed text visualization approaches combined with close reading to understand trends and patterns in my datasets. Beyond using available tools for text visualization, I also worked with a team to design and program a tool specifically for analysis of my full-text corpus: The Glass Cast (Peña, Juárez, Dobson, & INKE Research Group, 2016). This tool is a plug-in for the open- source reference management software Zotero. It allows researchers to visualize relationships between documents in a bibliography over time. In itself this tool is a unique contribution to scholarship and a key outcome of this study. Findings of this research included the revelation of a rich history of visual literacy dating to 1939, the identification of three virtually independent historical avenues, or waves, of mobilization of visual literacy, and the coexistence of at least two confounding understandings of the concept. Ultimately, I address these two different understandings in an attempt to inform the work of educators invested in the topic.
Construção de um território inclusivo na Região Centro de Portugal: do diagnóstico às estratégias de intervenção na educação especial
Building an inclusive territory in the Central Region of Portugal:from diagnosis to intervention strategies in special
Creators: name: Paredes, Liliana
name: Frias, Mafalda
name: Alcoforado, Luís
name: Pereira, Marcelino
name: Rochette Cordeiro, A. M.
Publisher: name: Escola Superior de Educação de Paula Frassinetti - CIPAF
Year: 2017
Subjects: educação especial, escola inclusiva, sucesso escolar, transição para a vida ativa, planeamento estratégico

description: Data de submissão: 1/11/2017 Data de aceitação: 12/12/2017

Atendendo à importância que a educação especial apresenta na construção de um plano estratégico educativo de cariz municipal, este projeto assumiu-se como o ponto de partida para a conceção de um novo “edifício” de educação inclusiva de características locais. Como objetivos centrais do estudo destacam-se: o levantamento dos alunos com necessidades educativas especiais de um município da Região Centro de Portugal e a construção de respostas educativas que fomentem a equidade e contribuam para o sucesso escolar dos alunos, bem como para a transição para a vida ativa. Este trabalho foi operacionalizado através de um inquérito por questionário e da realização de um focus group. Teve como resultado a criação de uma base de dados municipal dos alunos com NEE e do projeto “Escola Inclusiva”.

Building an inclusive territory in the Central Region of Portugal: from diagnosis to intervention strategies in special

Given the importance of special education when setting up a municipal-based strategic educational plan, this work is the starting point for defining a new inclusive education “plan”. The key goals of this study are: prepare a survey to identify the students with special education needs in a municipality of the Central Region of Portugal and provide educational responses that encourage equity and contribute to educational success and their transition to working life. Given the specificity of this work, we implemented a questionnaire survey and a focus group. We were thus able to create a municipal database of all students with special education needs and the “Inclusive School” project.

Keywords: special education, inclusive school, educational success, transition to working life, strategic planning
description: Saber & Educar, n. 23 (2017): Contornos da EDUCAÇÃO INCLUSIVA na perspetiva da lei e das respostas educativas
Collective excitations of a dipolar Bose-Einstein condensate
Creators: name: Bismut, G.
name: Pasquiou, B.
name: Maréchal, E.
name: Pedri, P.
name: Vernac, L.
name: Gorceix, O.
name: Laburthe-Tolra, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have measured the effect of dipole-dipole interactions on the frequency of a collective mode of a Bose-Einstein condensate. At relatively large numbers of atoms, the experimental measurements are in good agreement with zero temperature theoretical predictions based on the Thomas Fermi approach. Experimental results obtained for the dipolar shift of a collective mode show a larger dependency to both the trap geometry and the atom number than the ones obtained when measuring the modification of the condensate aspect ratio due to dipolar forces. These findings are in good agreement with simulations based on a gaussian ansatz.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures