cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Spectral classification of the 100 pc white dwarf population from Gaia-DR3 and the Virtual Observatory
Creators: name: Jiménez-Esteban, F. M.
name: Torres, S.
name: Rebassa-Mansergas, A.
name: Cruz, P.
name: Murillo-Ojeda, R.
name: Solano, E.
name: Rodrigo, C.
name: Camisassa, M. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The third data release of Gaia has provided low resolution spectra for ~100,000 white dwarfs (WDs) that, together with the excellent photometry and astrometry, represent an unrivalled benchmark for the study of this population. In this work, we first built a highly-complete volume-limited sample consisting in 12,718 WDs within 100 pc from the Sun. The use of VOSA tool allowed us to perform an automated fitting of their spectral energy distributions to different atmospheric models. In particular, the use of spectrally derived J-PAS photometry from Gaia spectra led to the classification of DA and non-DA WDs with an accuracy >90%, tested in already spectroscopically labelled objects. The excellent performance achieved was extended to practically the whole population of WDs with effective temperatures above 5500 K. Our results show that, while the A branch of the Gaia WD Hertzsprung-Russell diagram is practically populated by DA WDs, the B branch is largely formed by non-DAs (65%). The remaining 35% of DAs within the B branch implies a second peak at ~0.8 Mo in the DA-mass distribution. Additionally, the Q branch and its extension to lower temperatures can be observed for both DA and non-DA objects due to core crystallisation. Finally, we derived a detailed spectral evolution function, which confirms a slow increase of the fraction of non-DAs as the effective temperature decreases down to 10,500 K, where it reaches a maximum of 36% and then decreases for lower temperatures down to ~31%.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Henri Lavagne (hrsg.), Nouvel Espérandieu. Recueil général des sculptures sur Pierre de la Gaule
Creators: name: Bauchhenß, Gerhard
Publisher: name: Bonner Jahrbücher
Year: 2017

description: Rezension zu: Henri Lavagne (hrsg.), Nouvel Espérandieu. Recueil général des sculptures sur Pierre de la Gaule. De Boccard, Paris. – Band I: Danièle Terrer, Roger Lauxerois, Renaud Robert, Vassiliki Gaggadis-Robin, Antoine Hermary, Philippe Jockey und Henri Lavagne, Vienne (Isère). 2005. LVII und 251 Seiten, 10 Abbildungen, 2 Karten, 269 Tafeln. – Band ii: Maria-Pia Darblade-Audoin, Lyon. 2006. XLIX und 213 Seiten, 16 Abbildungen, 2 Karten, 204 Tafeln
description: Bonner Jahrbücher, Bd. 208.2008(2010): Bonner Jahrbücher
The CMSSM Survives Planck, the LHC, LUX-ZEPLIN, Fermi-LAT, H.E.S.S. and IceCube
Creators: name: Ellis, John
name: Olive, Keith A.
name: Spanos, Vassilis C.
name: Stamou, Ioanna D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit the viability of the CMSSM, searching for regions of parameter space that yield a neutralino dark matter density compatible with Planck measurements, as well as LHC constraints including sparticle searches and the mass of the Higgs boson, recent direct limits on spin-independent and -dependent dark matter scattering from the LUX-ZEPLIN (LZ) experiment, the indirect constraints from Fermi-LAT and H.E.S.S. on dark matter annihilations to photons in dwarf spheroidal galaxies and the Galactic Centre, and the IceCube limits on muons from annihilations to neutrinos in the Sun. For representative values of $\tan β$ and $A_0$ we map in detail the Planck-compatible strips in CMSSM parameter planes, which exhibit multiple distinctive features for large $\tan β$, $A_0 = 0$ and $μ> 0$, and identify portions of the strips that survive all the phenomenological constraints. We find that the most powerful constraint is that from $m_h$, followed by the LZ limit on spin-independent scattering, whereas sparticle searches at the LHC and indirect dark matter searches are less restrictive. Most of the surviving CMSSM parameter space features a Higgsino-like dark matter particle with a mass $\sim 1000-1100$ GeV, which could best be probed with future direct searches for dark matter scattering.
description: 44 pages, 20 figures, journal version to appear in EPJ-C
Exceptional Non-Abelian Topology in Multiband Non-Hermitian Systems
Creators: name: Guo, Cui-Xian
name: Chen, Shu
name: Ding, Kun
name: Hu, Haiping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Defective spectral degeneracy, known as exceptional point (EP), lies at the heart of various intriguing phenomena in optics, acoustics, and other nonconservative systems. Despite extensive studies in the past two decades, the \textit{collective} behaviors (e.g., annihilation, coalescence, braiding, etc.) involving multiple exceptional points or lines and their interplay have been rarely understood. Here we put forward a universal non-Abelian conservation rule governing these collective behaviors in generic multiband non-Hermitian systems and uncover several counterintuitive phenomena. We demonstrate that two EPs with opposite charges (even the pairwise created) do not necessarily annihilate, depending on how they approach each other. Furthermore, we unveil that the conservation rule imposes strict constraints on the permissible exceptional-line configurations. It excludes structures like Hopf link yet permits novel staggered rings composed of noncommutative exceptional lines. These intriguing phenomena are illustrated by concrete models which could be readily implemented in platforms like coupled acoustic cavities, optical waveguides, and ring resonators. Our findings lay the cornerstone for a comprehensive understanding of the exceptional non-Abelian topology and shed light on the versatile manipulations and applications based on exceptional degeneracies in nonconservative systems.
description: 7+12 pages, 3+11 figures
Susanne Wilbers-Rost, Hans-Peter Uerpmann, Margarethe Uerpmann, Birgit Großkopf und Eva Tolksdorf-Lienemann, Kalkriese 3. Interdisziplinäre Untersuchungen auf dem Oberesch in Kalkriese. Archäologische Befunde und naturwissenschaftliche Begleituntersuchungen
Creators: name: Hanel, Norbert
Publisher: name: Bonner Jahrbücher
Year: 2017

description: Rezension zu: Susanne Wilbers-Rost, Hans-Peter Uerpmann, Margarethe Uerpmann, Birgit Großkopf und Eva Tolksdorf-Lienemann, Kalkriese 3. Interdisziplinäre Untersuchungen auf dem Oberesch in Kalkriese. Archäologische Befunde und naturwissenschaftliche Begleituntersuchungen. Römisch-germanische Forschungen 65 (Mainz 2007) 190 Seiten, 2 Beilagen, 1 CD-Rom
description: Bonner Jahrbücher, Bd. 208.2008(2010): Bonner Jahrbücher
Neutrinoless double beta decay and lepton number violation at the LHC
Creators: name: Helo, J. C.
name: Hirsch, M.
name: Kovalenko, S. G.
name: Pas, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compare the discovery potential of the LHC for lepton number violating (LNV) signals with the sensitivity of current and future double beta decay experiments, assuming 0νββdecay is dominated by heavy particle exchange. We consider charged scalar, leptoquark and diquark mechanisms of 0νββ-decay, covering the 0νββ-decay operators with both, the smallest and largest, possible rates. We demonstrate, if 0νββ-decay were found with a half-life below $10^{26}-10^{27}$ ys a positive signal should show up at the LHC, except for some particular cases of the leptoquark mechanism, and vice versa, if the LHC does not find any hints for LNV, a "short-range" explanation for a finite 0νββ-decay half-life will be ruled out in most cases. We argue, if a positive LNV signal were found at the LHC, it is possible to identify the dominant contribution to 0νββ. Two different kinds of observables which could provide such "model discriminating" power are discussed: Different invariant mass peaks and the charge asymmetry.
description: Published version, title modified
Bright X-ray Pulsars: how outflows influence beaming, pulsations and pulse phase lags
Creators: name: Mushtukov, Alexander A.
name: Zwart, Simon Portegies
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Extreme accretion in X-ray pulsars (XRPs) results in radiation-driven outflows launched from the inner parts of the accretion disc. The outflows affect the apparent luminosity of the XRPs and their pulsations through the geometrical beaming. We model processes of geometrical beaming and pulse formation using Monte Carlo simulations. We confirm our earlier statement that strong amplification of luminosity due to the collimation of X-ray photons is inconsistent with a large pulsed fraction. Accounting for relativistic aberration due to possibly high outflow velocity ($\sim 0.2c$) does not affect this conclusion. We demonstrate that the beaming causes phase lags of pulsations. Within the opening angle of the accretion cavity formed by the outflows, phase lags tend to be sensitive to observers viewing angles. Variations in outflow geometry and corresponding changes of the phase lags might influence the detectability of pulsation in bright X-ray pulsars and ULXs. We speculate that the strong geometrical beaming is associated with large radiation pressure on the walls of accretion cavity due to multiple photons reflections. We expect that the mass loss rate limits geometrical beaming: strong beaming becomes possible only under sufficiently large fractional mass loss rate from the disc.
description: accepted for publication MNRAS, 8 pages, 6 figures
Fritz Mangartz, Römischer Basaltlava-Abbau zwischen Eifel und Rhein
Creators: name: Bauchhenß, Gerhard
Publisher: name: Bonner Jahrbücher
Year: 2017

description: Rezension zu: Fritz Mangartz, Römischer Basaltlava-Abbau zwischen Eifel und Rhein. Monographien des Römisch-germanischen Zentralmuseums Mainz 75 = Vulkanpark-Forschungen. Untersuchungen zur Landschafts- und Kulturgeschichte 7. Verlag des Römisch-germanischen Zentralmuseums Mainz, Mainz 2008. VII und 335 Seiten, 203 Abbildungen, 40 Tafeln, 4 Farbtafeln, 3 Beilagen
description: Bonner Jahrbücher, Bd. 208.2008(2010): Bonner Jahrbücher
Semidefinite Programming in Quantum Information Science
Creators: name: Skrzypczyk, Paul
name: Cavalcanti, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Semidefinite programs (SDPs) are a class of optimisation problems that find application in numerous areas of physics, engineering and mathematics. Semidefinite programming is particularly suited to problems in quantum physics and quantum information science. Following a review of the theory of semidefinite programming, the book proceeds to describe how it can be used to address a wide range of important problems from across quantum information science. Specific applications include quantum state, measurement, and channel estimation and discrimination, entanglement detection and quantification, quantum distance measures, and measurement incompatibility. Though SDPs have become an increasingly important tool in quantum information science it's not yet the kind of mathematics students learn routinely. Assuming only a basic knowledge of linear algebra and quantum physics and quantum information, this graduate-level book provides a unified and accessible presentation of one of the key numerical methods used in quantum information science.
description: Chapter 3 'Quantum states' from the textbook "Semidefinite Programming in Quantum Information Science'', published by IOP ebooks as part of the IOP series in Quantum Technology
Disorder effects in the Kitaev-Heisenberg model
Creators: name: Singhania, Ayushi
name: Brink, Jeroen van den
name: Nishimoto, Satoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the interplay of disorder and Heisenberg interactions in Kitaev model on honeycomb lattice. The effect of disorder on the transition between Kitaev spin liquid and magnetic ordered states as well as the stability of magnetic ordering is investigated. Using Lanczos exact diagonalization we discuss the consequences of two types of disorder: (i) random-coupling disorder and (ii) singular-coupling disorder. They exhibit qualitatively similar effects in the pure Kitaev-Heisenberg model without long-range interactions. The range of spin liquid phases is reduced and the transition to magnetic ordered phases becomes more crossover-like. Furthermore, the long-range zigzag and stripy orderings in the clean system are replaced by their three domains with different ordering direction. Especially in the crossover range the coexistence of magnetically ordered and Kitaev spin-liquid domains is possible. With increasing the disorder strength the area of domains becomes smaller and the system goes into a spin-glass state. However, the disorder effect is different in magnetically ordered phases caused by long-range interactions. The stability of such magnetic ordering is diminished by singular-coupling disorder, and accordingly, the range of spin-liquid regime is extended. This mechanism may be relevant to materials like $α$-RuCl$_3$ and H$_3$LiIr$_2$O$_6$ where the zigzag ground state is stabilized by weak long-range interactions. We also find that the flux gap closes at a critical disorder strength and vortices appears in the flux arrangement. Interestingly, the vortices tend to form kinds of commensurate ordering.
description: Phys. Rev. Research 5, 023009 (2023)
title: Εργαλείο στατιστικής ανάλυσης δεδομένων θορύβου σε διατάξεις CMOS
Creators: name: Στοϊκοτιδης Σταματης
Publisher: name: Technical University of Crete
Year: 2019

description: Η τεχνολογία CMOS είναι η κορυφαία τεχνολογία για την κατασκευή ολοκληρωμένων κυκλωμάτων, προσφέροντας πλεονεκτήματα όπως: αξιοπιστία, χαμηλό κόστος και χαμηλή κατανάλωση ενέργειας. Ο θόρυβος είναι μια κρίσιμη παράμετρος που επηρεάζει τη λειτουργία και τη συμπεριφορά των κυκλωμάτων. Η σωστή πρόβλεψη του θορύβου σε ολοκληρωμένα συστήματα μέσω προσομοίωσης κυκλώματος βασισμένης σε ολοκληρωμένα μοντέλα είναι ένα πολύ σημαντικό έργο, δεδομένου του υψηλού κόστους κατασκευής ενός συστήματος. Η κακή πρόβλεψη του θορύβου στα MOSFET καθιστά ιδιαίτερα δύσκολη την εφαρμογή ολοκληρωμένων κυκλωμάτων, καθώς η έλλειψη κατανόησης του θορύβου είναι ένα τεράστιο εμπόδιο για τον σωστό χειρισμό του θορύβου. Η επιτυχής και ακριβής στατιστική ανάλυση μιας διάταξης είναι μια κρίσιμη διαδικασία που μας βοηθά να κατανοήσουμε καλύτερα την αιτία του θορύβου και πόσο αποτελεσματικά μπορούμε να τον αντιμετωπίσουμε.
Η παρούσα εργασία αποσκοπεί στην μελέτη του θορύβου χαμηλής συχνότητας σε διατάξεις και κυκλώματα MOSFET, τόσο σε ποιοτικό όσο και ποσοτικό επίπεδο. Στόχος της εργασίας είναι η ανάπτυξη ενός εργαλείου CAD σε περιβάλλον Java το οποίο θα δίνει την δυνατότητα αναλυτικής μελέτης της διασποράς των μετρήσεων θορύβου χαμηλής συχνότητας που λαμβάνουμε. Σε πρώτο επίπεδο, διεξήχθησαν πειραματικές μετρήσεις θορύβου χαμηλής συχνότητας σε διατάξεις τεχνολογίας CMOS 180nm. Στη συνέχεια, παρουσιάζεται το εργαλείο CAD και οι γραφικές παραστάσεις του μέσου όρου αλλά και της στατιστικής διασποράς του θορύβου σε ένα εύρος διαφορετικών περιοχών λειτουργίας των τρανζίστορ.
description: CMOS technology is the leading technology for integrated circuits manufacturing, offering advantages such as: reliability, low cost, low power consumption. Noise is a critical parameter that affects the operation and behavior of circuits. Proper noise prediction in integrated systems through circuit simulation based on compact models is a very important task given the high cost of building a system. MOSFET's poor noise prediction makes the implementation of integrated circuits particularly difficult, as the lack of understanding of noise is a huge obstacle to proper noise handling. The successful and accurate statistical analysis of a device is a critical process for helping us understand better the cause of noise and how effectively we can deal with it.
The present thesis aims to study low-frequency noise in MOSFET devices and circuits, both qualitatively and quantitatively. The aim of the project is to develop a CAD tool in Java that will enable the analytical study of the low frequency noise dispersion of the measurements we receive. At the first level, experimental low frequency noise measurements were performed on transistors of 180nm CMOS technology. Subsequently, the CAD tool is presented and the mean and the statistical distribution of low frequency noise are studied in a range of varying bias conditions.
Observability of signatures of transport-induced chemistry in clear atmospheres of hot gas giant exoplanets
Creators: name: Zamyatina, Maria
name: Hébrard, Éric
name: Drummond, Benjamin
name: Mayne, Nathan J.
name: Manners, James
name: Christie, Duncan A.
name: Tremblin, Pascal
name: Sing, David K.
name: Kohary, Krisztian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Transport-induced quenching, i.e., the homogenisation of chemical abundances by atmospheric advection, is thought to occur in the atmospheres of hot gas giant exoplanets. While some numerical modelling of this process exists, the three-dimensional nature of transport-induced chemistry is underexplored. Here we present results of 3D cloud- and haze-free simulations of the atmospheres of HAT-P-11b, HD 189733b, HD 209458b, and WASP-17b including coupled hydrodynamics, radiative transfer and chemistry. Our simulations were performed with two chemical schemes: a chemical kinetics scheme, which is capable of capturing transport-induced quenching, and a simpler, more widely used chemical equilibrium scheme. We find that transport-induced quenching is predicted to occur in atmospheres of all planets in our sample; however, the extent to which it affects their synthetic spectra and phase curves varies from planet to planet. This implies that there is a "sweet spot" for the observability of signatures of transport-induced quenching, which is controlled by the interplay between the dynamics and chemistry.
description: accepted to MNRAS, 27 pages, 15 figures, with DOI for the data repository
Atelier/Studio. Die École de Paris in der Fotografie / Atelier/Studio. L’École de Paris dans la photographie
Creators: name: Blumenthal, Ulrike
Publisher: name: Deutsches Forum für Kunstgeschichte (DFK Paris): Jahresbericht / Rapport annuel
Year: 2016

description: -
description: Deutsches Forum für Kunstgeschichte (DFK Paris): Jahresbericht / Rapport annuel, Jahresbericht / Rapport annuel 2014/2015
Revisiting the flocking transition using active spins
Creators: name: Solon, A.
name: Tailleur, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider an active Ising model in which spins both diffuse and align on lattice in one and two dimensions. The diffusion is biased so that plus or minus spins hop preferably to the left or to the right, which generates a flocking transition at low temperature/high density. We construct a coarse-grained description of the model that predicts this transition to be a first-order liquid-gas transition in the temperature-density ensemble, with a critical density sent to infinity. In this first-order phase transition, the magnetization is proportional to the liquid fraction and thus varies continuously. Using microscopic simulations, we show that this theoretical prediction holds in 2d whereas the fluctuations alter the transition in 1d, preventing for instance any spontaneous symmetry breaking.
description: V2: addition of Supplementary materials (3 pages + 3 movies) and some changes in the text
Intrinsic decoherence effects on correlated coherence and quantum discord in XXZ Heisenberg model
Creators: name: Dahbi, Zakaria
name: Oumennana, Mansoura
name: Mansour, Mostafa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spin qubits are at the heart of technological advances in quantum processors and offer an excellent framework for quantum information processing. This work characterizes the time evolution of coherence and nonclassical correlations in a two-spin XXZ Heisenberg model, from which a two-qubit system is realized. We study the effects of intrinsic decoherence on coherence (correlated coherence) and nonclassical correlations (quantum discord), taking into consideration the combined impact of an external magnetic field, Dzyaloshinsky-Moriya (DM) and Kaplan Shekhtman Entin-Wohlman-Aharony (KSEA) interactions. To fully understand the effects of intrinsic decoherence, we suppose that the system can be prepared in one of the two well-known extended Werner-like (EWL) states. The findings show that intrinsic decoherence leads the coherence and quantum correlations to decay and that the behavior of the aforementioned quantum resources relies strongly on the initial EWL state parameters. We, likewise, found that the two-spin correlated coherence and quantum discord; become more robust against intrinsic decoherence depending on the type of the initial state. These outcomes shed light on how a quantum system should be engineered to achieve quantum advantages.
Lanthanum Oxyhalide Monolayers: An Exceptional Dielectric Companion to Two-Dimensional Semiconductors
Creators: name: Jiang, Zhuoling
name: Su, Tong
name: Chua, Cherq
name: Ang, L. K.
name: Zhang, Chun
name: Cao, Liemao
name: Ang, Yee Sin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two-dimensional (2D) layered dielectrics offers a compelling route towards the design of next-generation ultimately compact nanoelectronics. Motivated by recent high-throughput computational prediction of LaO$X$ ($X$ = Br, Cl) as an exceptional 2D dielectrics that significantly outperforms HfO$_2$ even in the monolyaer limit, we investigate the interface properties between LaOX and the archetypal 2D semiconductors of monolayer transition metal dichacolgenides (TMDCs) $M$S$_2$ ($M$ = Mo, W) using first-principle density functional theory simulations. We show that LaO$X$ monolayers interacts weakly with $M$S$_2$ via van der Waals forces with negligible hybridization and interfacial charge transfer, thus conveniently preserving the electronic properties of 2D TMDCs upon contact formation. The conduction and valance band offsets of the interfaces exhibit a sizable value ranging from 0.7 to 1.4 eV, suggesting the capability of LaO$X$ as a gate dielectric materials. Based on Murphy-Good electron emission model, we demonstrate that LaOCl/MoS$_2$ is a versatile dielectric/semiconductor combinations that are compatible to both NMOS and PMOS applications with leakage current lower than $10^{-7}$ Acm$^{-2}$, while LaO$X$/WS$_2$ is generally compatible with PMOS application. The presence of an interfacial tunneling potential barrier at the van der Waals gap further provide an additional mechanism to suppress the leakage current. Our findings reveal the role LaO$X$ as an excellent dielectric companion to 2D TMDC and shall provide useful insights for leveraging the dielectric strength of LaO$X$ in the design of high-performance 2D nanodevices.
description: 10 pages, 4 Figures, 3 Tables
A centimeter-scale achromatic hybrid metalens with polarization-insensitivity in the visible
Creators: name: Hu, Tie
name: Wang, Shengqi
name: Wei, Yunxuan
name: Wen, Liqing
name: Feng, Xing
name: Zhao, Ming
name: Yang, Zhenyu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Metalenses, featuring ultra-compactness and CMOS compatibility, are limited by the compromise between the diameter, numerical aperture, and working waveband. To address this problem, we propose and numerically demonstrate a centimeter-scale metasurface-refractive hybrid metalens working in the band of 440 - 700 nm. Revisiting the general Snell law, we present the phase profile of a chromatic aberration correction metasurface that can apply to a plano-convex refractive lens of an arbitrary surface type. Simulated by our semi-vector method, the designed achromatic hybrid metalens achieves 81% chromatic aberration suppression and polarization insensitivity. Broadband imaging results of the hybrid metalens are further provided, verifying the achromatism of the designed hybrid metalens. It can find applications in camera lenses and other optical systems that need compact, high-performance lenses.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures,
Updated CMB, X- and gamma-ray constraints on majoron dark matter
Creators: name: Lattanzi, Massimiliano
name: Riemer-Sorensen, Signe
name: Tortola, Mariam
name: Valle, Jose W. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The majoron provides an attractive dark matter candidate, directly associated to the mechanism responsible for spontaneous neutrino mass generation within the standard model framework. Here we update the cosmological and astrophysical constraints on majoron dark matter which come from the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) and a variety of X- and gamma-ray observations.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures, 1 table. Replaced to match version accepted for publication in PRD
The Beautiful Scheme: Christine Ladd-Franklin and the Expansion of Logical Methodology
Creators: name: Karp, Hadassah
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: History
Interdisciplinary approach to knowledge
Logic--Methodology
Mathematicians

description: Christine Ladd-Franklin (1847-1930) was an American mathematician, philosopher, and psychologist who worked and published in disparate academic fields right during the solidification of distinct disciplinary lines. Ladd-Franklin worked to create procedures that could systematically apply mathematical concepts to philosophical and social questions. In developing an expansive logical system, she hoped to provide philosophers with a clear methodology for reaching conclusions. In this paper, I draw on archival documents as well as academic papers to argue that she serves as a model for careful barrier-breaking and interdisciplinarianism in a period of rapidly changing perspectives and technologies.
Bayesian jackknife tests with a small number of subsets: Application to HERA 21cm power spectrum upper limits
Creators: name: Wilensky, Michael J.
name: Kennedy, Fraser
name: Bull, Philip
name: Dillon, Joshua S.
name: Collaboration, The HERA
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a Bayesian jackknife test for assessing the probability that a data set contains biased subsets, and, if so, which of the subsets are likely to be biased. The test can be used to assess the presence and likely source of statistical tension between different measurements of the same quantities in an automated manner. Under certain broadly applicable assumptions, the test is analytically tractable. We also provide an open source code, CHIBORG, that performs both analytic and numerical computations of the test on general Gaussian-distributed data. After exploring the information theoretical aspects of the test and its performance with an array of simulations, we apply it to data from the Hydrogen Epoch of Reionization Array (HERA) to assess whether different sub-seasons of observing can justifiably be combined to produce a deeper 21cm power spectrum upper limit. We find that, with a handful of exceptions, the HERA data in question are statistically consistent and this decision is justified. We conclude by pointing out the wide applicability of this test, including to CMB experiments and the $H_0$ tension.
Chip-level and multi-node analysis of energy-optimized lattice-Boltzmann CFD simulations
Creators: name: Wittmann, Markus
name: Hager, Georg
name: Zeiser, Thomas
name: Treibig, Jan
name: Wellein, Gerhard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Performance (cs.PF)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Memory-bound algorithms show complex performance and energy consumption behavior on multicore processors. We choose the lattice-Boltzmann method (LBM) on an Intel Sandy Bridge cluster as a prototype scenario to investigate if and how single-chip performance and power characteristics can be generalized to the highly parallel case. First we perform an analysis of a sparse-lattice LBM implementation for complex geometries. Using a single-core performance model, we predict the intra-chip saturation characteristics and the optimal operating point in terms of energy to solution as a function of implementation details, clock frequency, vectorization, and number of active cores per chip. We show that high single-core performance and a correct choice of the number of active cores per chip are the essential optimizations for lowest energy to solution at minimal performance degradation. Then we extrapolate to the MPI-parallel level and quantify the energy-saving potential of various optimizations and execution modes, where we find these guidelines to be even more important, especially when communication overhead is non-negligible. In our setup we could achieve energy savings of 35% in this case, compared to a naive approach. We also demonstrate that a simple non-reflective reduction of the clock speed leaves most of the energy saving potential unused.
description: 23 pages, 13 figures; post-peer-review version
Migrating Dynamo Waves and Consequences for Stellar Current Sheets
Creators: name: Maiewski, E.
name: Malova, H.
name: Popov, V.
name: Sokoloff, D.
name: Yushkov, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the relation between stellar dynamo-wave propagation and the structure of the stellar magnetic field. Modeling dynamo waves by the well-known Parker migratory dynamo, we vary the intensity of dynamo drivers in order to obtain activity-wave propagation toward the Equator (as in the solar-activity cycle) or towards the Poles. We match the magnetic field in the dynamo active shell with that in the surrounding stellar material, using a simple dissipativ magnetohydrodynamic system for the transition region. Introducing a weak asymmetry between the stellar hemispheres, we study phase shifts of the dipole, quadrupole, and octupole magnetic components at various distances from the star to demonstrate that several-percent asymmetry in dynamo drivers are sufficient to obtain a realistic relation between solar dipole and quadrupole moments. We study the behavior of the stellar current sheets and show that for the poleward propagating activity it is substantially different from solar ones. In particular, we demonstrate conditions in which the conical current sheets propagate opposite to the solar directions.
description: 31 pages, 7 figures
Two decades of optical timing of the shortest-period binary star system HM Cancri
Creators: name: Munday, James
name: Marsh, T. R.
name: Hollands, Mark
name: Pelisoli, Ingrid
name: Steeghs, Danny
name: Hakala, Pasi
name: Breedt, Elmé
name: Brown, Alex
name: Dhillon, V. S.
name: Dyer, Martin J.
name: Green, Matthew
name: Kerry, Paul
name: Littlefair, S. P.
name: Parsons, Steven G.
name: Sahman, Dave
name: Somjit, Sorawit
name: Sukaum, Boonchoo
name: Wild, James
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The shortest-period binary star system known to date, RX J0806.3+1527 (HM Cancri), has now been observed in the optical for more than two decades. Although it is thought to be a double degenerate binary undergoing mass transfer, an early surprise was that its orbital frequency, $f_0$, is currently increasing as the result of gravitational wave radiation. This is unusual since it was expected that the mass donor was degenerate and would expand on mass loss, leading to a decreasing $f_0$. We exploit two decades of high-speed photometry to precisely quantify the trajectory of HM Cancri, allowing us to find that $\ddot f_0$ is negative, where $\ddot f_0~=~(-5.38\pm2.10)\times10^{-27}$ Hz s$^{-2}$. Coupled with our positive frequency derivative, we show that mass transfer is counteracting gravitational-wave dominated orbital decay and that HM Cancri will turn around within $2100\pm800\,$yrs from now. We present Hubble Space Telescope ultra-violet spectra which display Lyman-$α$ absorption, indicative of the presence of hydrogen accreted from the donor star. We use these pieces of information to explore a grid of permitted donor and accretor masses with the Modules for Experiments in Stellar Astrophysics suite, finding models in good accordance with many of the observed properties for a cool and initially hydrogen-rich extremely-low-mass white dwarf ($\approx0.17\,$M$_\odot$) coupled with a high accretor mass white dwarf ($\approx 1.0\,$M$_\odot$). Our measurements and models affirm that HM~Cancri is still one of the brightest verification binaries for the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna spacecraft.
description: 12 pages (+5 pages appendix), 9 figures, 6 tables. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
УГЛЕВОДОРОДЛАРНИНГ ПИРОЛИЗИ ВА ПИРОЛИЗ ЖАРАЁНЛАРИ
Creators: name: Жўраева, Лайло
name: Қўзиева, Жасмина
name: Ҳайдарова, Машҳура
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Нефтдан олинадиган углеводород хом ашёсини оқилона қайта ишлаш товар маҳсулот ишлаб чиқариш унинг тан нархини пасайтиришнинг асосий захираларидан бирига айланмоқда.
Efficient few-body calculations in finite volume
Creators: name: König, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Simulating quantum systems in a finite volume is a powerful theoretical tool to extract information about them. Real-world properties of the system are encoded in how its discrete energy levels change with the size of the volume. This approach is relevant not only for nuclear physics, where lattice methods for few- and many-nucleon states complement phenomenological shell-model descriptions and ab initio calculations of atomic nuclei based on harmonic oscillator expansions, but also for other fields such as simulations of cold atomic systems. This contribution presents recent progress concerning finite-volume simulations of few-body systems. In particular, it discusses details regarding the efficient numerical implementation of separable interactions and it presents eigenvector continuation as a method for performing robust and efficient volume extrapolations.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures, ISS 2022 contribution
Indian Political Thought and Germany's Fascism, ca. 1918-1950
Creators: name: Sabastian, Swapna Luna Katharina
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Vinayak Damodar Savarkar
Benoy Kumar Sarkar
Hindutva
Global Fascism
Global Political Thought
Karl Haushofer
caste
Weimar Geopolitics
Deendayal Upadhyaya
"race"
National Socialism
Indian Political Thought

description: This doctoral thesis investigates the history of modern Indian political thought in part through its significance for German fascism. It differs from other works on ‘global fascism’ in that it decentres ‘fascism’ as a concept but traces themes that emerge in its global context: the idea of ‘the people’, race, caste, and sovereign spaces. The point of departure is India’s emergence into a new geopolitical imaginary in interwar Germany, which drew the German geopolitician Karl Haushofer (1869-1946) to the Indian sociologist Benoy Kumar Sarkar (1887-1949). Sarkar welcomed the three totalitarianisms for countering internationalism, socialism, and pacifism that eradicated the very foundation of national sovereignty in antagonism or ‘dualism’. He developed a potentially limitless notion of ‘the popular’ or ‘the people’, which exceeded liberal democracy and centred on the Nazi Volk state. Next, I uncover how the ‘father’ of Hindutva, Vinayak Damodar Savarkar (1883-1966), conceptualised a Hindu ‘race’ as grounded in impurity, miscegenation, and women. Savarkar problematised the Hindus’ historical loss of the power of caste to transform outsiders into blood-relations. Reactivating exogamy, he called for Hindu males to imprint their race on Muslim women by conversion-cum-marriage and rape. India’s political language of ‘caste’ became formative for National Socialism itself, as well-known figures like Houston Stewart Chamberlain (1855-1927), Richard Walther Darré (1895-1953), and Adolf Hitler (1889-1945) showcase. Kaste structured the contradictory aims of National Socialism: while nationalism required the purging of ‘caste’, racism required the resurrection of an aristocratic and imperial ‘caste’ of Aryan warriors. The last chapter returns to Indian spatial conceptions. It particularly sheds light on Hindutva’s re-constitution after the creation of geopolitical dualism with the Partition in 1947. Deendayal Upadhyaya’s (1916-1968) ‘Integral Humanism’ made post-independent Hindutva for the first time synonymous with neo-Vedantic (non-dualistic) Hinduism, which he weaponised to assimilate the dualism of Pakistan. This thesis contributes to modern Indian and German history, the historiographies of race, space, and internationalism, and seeks to further theoretical discussions in global history, global intellectual history, and political thought.
title: Προσομοίωση και διαχείριση ενός αυτόνομου υβριδικού συστήματος ενέργειας, με χρήση γραφικών εργαλείων υπολογισμού
Creators: name: Λεοντόπουλος Παναγιώτης
Publisher: name: Technical University of Crete
Year: 2012

description: Μη διαθέσιμο
Using coevolution and substitution of the fittest for health and well-being recommender systems
Creators: name: Alcaraz-Herrera, Hugo
name: Cartlidge, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This research explores substitution of the fittest (SF), a technique designed to counteract the problem of disengagement in two-population competitive coevolutionary genetic algorithms. SF is domain-independent and requires no calibration. We first perform a controlled comparative evaluation of SF's ability to maintain engagement and discover optimal solutions in a minimal toy domain. Experimental results demonstrate that SF is able to maintain engagement better than other techniques in the literature. We then address the more complex real-world problem of evolving recommendations for health and well-being. We introduce a coevolutionary extension of EvoRecSys, a previously published evolutionary recommender system. We demonstrate that SF is able to maintain engagement better than other techniques in the literature, and the resultant recommendations using SF are higher quality and more diverse than those produced by EvoRecSys.
description: 16 pages, 11 figures. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2108.03156
Female sexual dysfunction = a new schematic educational and clinical tool with enhanced etiology and classification
Creators: name: Hoch, Zwi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: Health Care

description: A biopsychosocial educational and clinical schematic “tool” for the treatment of women's sexual dysfunctions (Fig. 1) was created to address the existing paucity in educative and therapeutic instruments. This schematic proved itself = in the author's experience = as a very helpful practical supplement to a gynecological/medical office environment that teaches students and residents, and treats patients, both face-to-face and by telemedicine. Our “tool” also offers new classification and terminology proposals:
•to add “structural discomfort with sexual intercourse” due to POP and urinary incontinence, as a fifth, general form of women's sexual disorder best treated surgically and by pelvic physiotherapy;•to add “positional dyspareunia” as a third, specific form of sexual pain dysfunction easily manageable by adequate coital instructions;•and proposes to reserve the GSM acronym for describing the physical urogenital symptomatology of estrogen deficiency in menopause, while integrate sexual desire dysfunction of menopause with GSM into one single inclusive etiologic-diagnostic-therapeutic entity acronym, SISM, when referring to the complexity and prevalence of late midlife women sexual dysfunctions.The increasing medicalization of sexuality, when combined with education and pertinent psychosocial counseling, has facilitated the wider and more comfortable management of the majority of female sexual dysfunctions [our categories (1) and (2)] in the framework of gynecological and other medical offices, thus offering help in a patient–familiar environment. Our “tool” provides a practical visual support frame and additional insight for today's burgeoning eclectically diversified therapeutical models.
Axion effects on gamma-ray spectral irregularities with AGN redshift uncertainty
Creators: name: Li, Hai-Jun
name: Chao, Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the photon-axionlike particle (ALP) oscillation effects on TeV gamma-ray spectral irregularities from the uncertain redshift active galactic nuclei (AGN) VER J0521+211. The gamma-ray spectra are measured by Fermi-LAT and VERITAS with the three flux states in 2013 and 2014. We set the combined constraints on the ALP parameter ($m_a, g_{aγ}$) space with these states and test the extragalactic background light (EBL) absorption effect on ALP constraints with the redshift limit scenarios $z_0\sim\mathcal{O}(0.1-0.3)$. The 99% $\rm C.L.$ photon-ALP combined constraints set by VER J0521+211 are roughly at $g_{aγ} \gtrsim 2.0\times 10^{-11} \rm \, GeV^{-1}$ for $1.0\times10^{-9} \, {\rm eV} \lesssim m_a \lesssim 1.0\times10^{-7} \, {\rm eV}$. We find no clear connection between the redshift limit scenarios and the photon-ALP constraints. Both the underestimated and overestimated redshifts can affect the constraint results.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures. Published in PRD
title: Ανάλυση σεισμικής απόκρισης χώρων υγειονομικής ταφής απορριμμάτων
Creators: name: Καραμπάτσος Ιωάννης
Publisher: name: Technical University of Crete
Year: 2006

description: φ. 1: Κατασκευαστικά και περιβαλλοντικά ζητήματα ΧΥΤΑ -- Κεφ. 2: Η σεισμική τρωτότητα των ΧΥΤΑ -- Κεφ. 3: Μεθοδολογίες ανάλυσης σεισμικής απόκρισης ΧΥΤΑ -- Κεφ. 4: Αριθμητική προσομοίωση σεισμικής απόκρισης ΧΥΤΑ
${\rm S{\scriptsize IM}BIG}$: Mock Challenge for a Forward Modeling Approach to Galaxy Clustering
Creators: name: Hahn, ChangHoon
name: Eickenberg, Michael
name: Ho, Shirley
name: Hou, Jiamin
name: Lemos, Pablo
name: Massara, Elena
name: Modi, Chirag
name: Dizgah, Azadeh Moradinezhad
name: Blancard, Bruno Régaldo-Saint
name: Abidi, Muntazir M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Simulation-Based Inference of Galaxies (${\rm S{\scriptsize IM}BIG}$) is a forward modeling framework for analyzing galaxy clustering using simulation-based inference. In this work, we present the ${\rm S{\scriptsize IM}BIG}$ forward model, which is designed to match the observed SDSS-III BOSS CMASS galaxy sample. The forward model is based on high-resolution ${\rm Q{\scriptsize UIJOTE}}$ $N$-body simulations and a flexible halo occupation model. It includes full survey realism and models observational systematics such as angular masking and fiber collisions. We present the "mock challenge" for validating the accuracy of posteriors inferred from ${\rm S{\scriptsize IM}BIG}$ using a suite of 1,500 test simulations constructed using forward models with a different $N$-body simulation, halo finder, and halo occupation prescription. As a demonstration of ${\rm S{\scriptsize IM}BIG}$, we analyze the power spectrum multipoles out to $k_{\rm max} = 0.5\,h/{\rm Mpc}$ and infer the posterior of $Λ$CDM cosmological and halo occupation parameters. Based on the mock challenge, we find that our constraints on $Ω_m$ and $σ_8$ are unbiased, but conservative. Hence, the mock challenge demonstrates that ${\rm S{\scriptsize IM}BIG}$ provides a robust framework for inferring cosmological parameters from galaxy clustering on non-linear scales and a complete framework for handling observational systematics. In subsequent work, we will use ${\rm S{\scriptsize IM}BIG}$ to analyze summary statistics beyond the power spectrum including the bispectrum, marked power spectrum, skew spectrum, wavelet statistics, and field-level statistics.
description: 28 pages, 6 figures
title: Τεχνικές απεικόνισης βλαβών σε κατασκευές με χρήση ακουστικών κυμμάτων
Creators: name: Μπούκας Δημήτριος Π.
Publisher: name: Technical University of Crete
Year: 2012

description:  Υλικά που χρησιμοποιήθηκαν στην έρευνα -- 2. Θεωρία κυμάτων -- 3. Πειραματικές τεχνικές -- 4. Ιστορικό εφαρμογής μεθόδου
Quantum inverted harmonic potential
Creators: name: Yuce, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a non-interacting gas under the inverted harmonic potential and present infinitely degenerate non-stationary orthogonal states. We discuss that it has an infinite entropy at the absolute zero temperature. We show that uncertainty in position of a particle under the inverted harmonic potential can be zero as there exists a solution which asymptotes to a Dirac delta function. We obtain a new free particle wave packet using the eigenstates for the inverted harmonic potential. It has unique self-focusing feature and can be used as focusing beam without a lens in optical systems where paraxial approximation is used.