cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Διάκριση μορφών συμμετοχής:
Creators: name: Ράπτη, Ηλιάνα Δημητρίου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2011
Subjects: Συμμετοχή
Συνεργός
Αυτουργός
Participation
Accessory
Principal

description: Αντικείμενο της παρούσας διπλωματικής εργασίας είναι η διερεύνηση της διάκρισης μορφών συμμετοχής στο έγκλημα. Στο πρώτο μέρος της εργασίας, παρουσιάζεται η διάκριση μεταξύ της συναυτουργίας και της συμμετοχής υπό στενή έννοια. Αναλύονται οι θεωρίες που έχουν διατυπωθεί και μεταξύ αυτών προβάλλεται η επιλογή του έλληνα νομοθέτη που αποτελεί τον οδηγό για τη διάκριση αυτή, δηλαδή η τυπική αντικειμενική θεωρία. Τα κενά τιμώρησης που άφησε η εφαρμογή της θεωρίας αυτής καθιστά αναγκαία την εξέταση της κατασκευής της έμμεσης αυτουργίας που επιστρατεύτηκε για την κάλυψή τους και επιπλέον, παρουσιάζεται η διάκριση αυτής από τη συμμετοχή υπό στενή έννοια. Στο δεύτερο μέρος αναλύεται η διάκριση μεταξύ της άμεσης και της απλής συνέργειας. Συμπεραίνεται ότι για τη διάκριση αυτή είναι καθοριστική η εφαρμογή ορισμένων κριτηρίων που πρέπει να λαμβάνονται υπόψη in concreto. Επίσης, καταδεικνύεται η διάσταση απόψεων θεωρίας- νομολογίας ως προς τη διάκριση των μορφών συμμετοχής. Τέλος, στο τρίτο μέρος εξετάζεται η διάκριση μεταξύ ηθικής αυτουργίας και κολοβής ηθικής αυτουργίας, η οποία δεν εμφανίζεται προβληματική. Παράλληλα, ιδιαίτερη αναφορά γίνεται στα κριτήρια που έχει θέσει η νομολογία του ΕΔΔΑ ως προς την υπέρβαση των επιτρεπομένων ορίων δράσης των agent provocateurs.
description: The object of this postgraduate project is to investigate how to discriminate the kinds of participation in crime. In the first part of the project, the discrimination between co- principals and other participants is presented. All the theories stated are analyzed and among them the choice of the Greek Legislator which is the guide for this discrimination; that is the typically objective theory. The gaps in punishment which this theory has left makes it necessary to examine closely the indirect principal who was used to cover them (the gaps). In addition, the discrimination between indirect principals and other participants is presented. In the second part the discrimination between primary and secondary accessories is analyzed. It is assumed that for that kind of discrimination it is essential to apply particular criteria which should be taken into consideration in concreto. Furthermore, the difference in opinion between science and case law regarding this topic is clearly shown. Finally, in the last part of the project the discrimination between instigating principals and agent provocateurs, which arises no problems at all, is examined. Additionally, the criteria put by the E.C.H.R. concerning the limits in the activities of the agent provocateurs is mentioned.
The Dependence of the Mass Assembly History of Cold Dark Matter Halos on Environment
Creators: name: Maulbetsch, C.
name: Avila-Reese, V.
name: Colin, P.
name: Gottloeber, S.
name: Khalatyan, A.
name: Steinmetz, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show by means of a high-resolution N-body simulation how the mass assembly histories of galaxy-size cold dark matter (CDM) halos depend on environment. Halos in high density environments form earlier and a higher fraction of their mass is assembled in major mergers, compared to low density environments. The distribution of the present-day specific mass aggregation rate is strongly dependent on environment. While in low density environments only ~20% of the halos are not accreting mass at the present epoch, this fraction rises to ~80% at high densities. At z=1 the median of the specific aggregation rate is ~4 times larger than at z=0 and almost independent on environment. All the dependences on environment found here are critically enhanced by local processes associated to subhalos because the fraction of subhalos increases as the environment gets denser. The distribution of the halo specific mass aggregation rate as well as its dependence on environment resemble the relations for the specific star formation rate distribution of galaxies. An analogue of the morphology-density relation is also present at the level of CDM halos, being driven by the halo major merging history. Nevertheless, baryonic processes are necessary in order to explain further details and the evolution of the star formation rate-, color- and morphology-environment relations.
description: To appear in The Astrophysical Journal (13 pages, 9 figures, in emulateapj style). After the Referee report, we added estimates of the accuracy in our measurement of the MAHs and introduced minor corrections to the manuscript
Anisotropic Fully-Gapped Superconductivity Possibly Mediated by Charge Fluctuations in a Nondimeric Organic Complex
Creators: name: Imajo, Shusaku
name: Akutsu, Hiroki
name: Kurihara, Ryosuke
name: Yajima, Takeshi
name: Kohama, Yoshimitsu
name: Tokunaga, Masashi
name: Kindo, Koichi
name: Nakazawa, Yasuhiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate low-temperature electronic properties of the nondimeric organic superconductor $β^{\prime\prime}$-(BEDT-TTF)$_4$[(H$_3$O)Ga(C$_2$O$_4$)$_3$]PhNO$_2$. By examining ultrasonic properties, charge disproportionation (CD) without magnetic field dependence is detected below $T_{\rm CD}$$\sim$8~K just above the superconducting critical temperature $T_{\rm c}$$\sim$6~K. From quantum oscillations in high fields, we find variation in the Fermi surface and mass enhancement induced by the CD. Heat capacity studies elucidate that the superconducting gap function is fully gapped in the Fermi surface, but anisotropic with fourfold symmetry. We point out that the pairing mechanism of the superconductivity is possibly dominated by charge fluctuations.
description: 6 figures
title: Integration of trawl and acoustic sampling for improvement of the Baltic cod assessments based on bottom trawl surveys
Creators: name: Kasatkina, Svetlana
name: Gasyukov, Pavel
name: Malyshko, Alexander
Publisher: name: ASC 2013 - Theme session P
Year: 2024
Subjects: Fisheries and aquaculture
Technologies and data

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author. Traditionally International bottom trawl surveys in the Baltic Sea (BITS) use conversion factors (CFs) for standardizing indices from two types of standard fishing gear for vessels with different towing power. These CFs estimated from inter-calibration experiment are used as constant value by seasons, years and subdivisions since 2001. Application of GLM regression for analysis of BITS datasets estimated the spatial-temporal variability of CFs for each age group. Significant inter-annual variability of cod spatial distribution in the near-bottom layers revealed from acoustic sampling show that BITS indices are often of random nature and depend on the location of trawl stations as well as on the trawl effective zone parameters. The authors propose to apply modern statistical methods for BITS data processing with considering acoustic observations accompanied trawl surveys as the possible approach to improve the Baltic cod assessment instead of traditionally used CFs
Διερεύνηση και εφαρμογές του προτύπου mpeg4: (Visual MPEG-4 - H.264/ MPEG-4 AVC)
Creators: name: Σταμάτης, Αλέξανδρος Δημητρίου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2011
Subjects: MPEG-4
Η.264
AVC
H.264

description: Η παρούσα εργασία μελετάει αρχικά όλες τις προσπάθειες που προηγήθηκαν του προτύπου MPEG-4. Το MPEG-4 παρέχει τα τεχνολογικά εργαλεία που ενισχύουν την απόδοση, τη διανομή και το περιεχόμενο προσπέλασης βίντεο, καθώς επίσης εξυπηρετεί τις απαιτήσεις των δημιουργών οπτικοακουστικού υλικού, των φορέων παροχής υπηρεσιών, αλλά και του τελικού χρήστη. Η εργασία πέραν από την αναλυτική περιγραφή του προτύπου επικεντρώνεται κυρίως σε δύο πολύ σημαντικά μέρη: MPEG-4 Part 2 και MPEG-4 Part 10. Το πρώτο εμφανίζεται ως κατάλληλο για τις ανάγκες που εμφανίζονται όσο αφορά το εύρος ζώνης και τις διαδικασίες επεξεργασίας, ενώ ταυτόχρονα έχει πολύ καλές επιδόσεις και σχετικά μικρή πολυπλοκότητα. Αν υπάρχει ανάγκη για μεγαλύτερη απόδοση κωδικοποίησης τότε δικαιολογείται η χρήση ενός πιο πολύπλοκου προτύπου του Advanced Video Codec (MPEG-4 Part 10). Στο τέλος της μελέτης παρουσιάζονται διάφορα εργαλεία που μελετήθηκαν και υπηρετούν αυτό τον σκοπό.
description: This paper analyse first detailed description of the model and then focuses mainly on the two very important parts: MPEG-4 Part 2 και MPEG-4 Part 10. Part 2 Simple Profile codec appears as a suitable candidate as it provides the needed adaptability to varying bandwidth and processing constraints, while at the same time presenting a good tradeoff in terms of performance and complexity. If the need for higher coding efficiency and resilience capacities justifies a complexity increase, a simple configuration of the Advanced Video Codec (MPEG-4 Part 10) may be taken under consideration. At the end, this study provides several tools and application that serve video codec.
title: A new design of multi‐mesh survey gillnets to sample fish community in the Adriatic Sea
Creators: name: Pengal, Polona
name: Jenič, Aljaž
name: Pajk, Nastja
name: Toman, Mihael Jožef
Publisher: name: ASC 2013 - Theme session P
Year: 2024
Subjects: Fisheries and aquaculture
Technologies and data

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author. Three types of multi‐mesh benthic survey gillnets were tested for their performance in the uniform muddy bottom habitat of the Bay of Piran. We describe the compared methods, present their positive and negative aspects and suggest a sampling design that could be used with different research goals. The research sampling was performed in winter in the years from 2010 to 2012. The sampling site is situated close to a sea bass rearing fish farm in the Northern Adriatic Sea. With the Nordic 1.5 type nets 5 species were detected compared to the 23 and 20 species detected with the Adriatic 2.5 and 5.0 nets. In the Nordic 1.5 type nets only demersal species were caught and even for those a much greater sampling effort would be required to reach a representative sample. On the other hand, both the Adriatic type nets also caught benthopelagic and pelagic species, and a correlation between net height and size of fish in these two nets was detected. While both the Adriatic type nets proved successful in achieving a representative sample of fish assemblage, the Adriatic 2.5 nets performed better in terms of CPUE and as such also reached a better cost‐benefit ratio.
Accelerating first-principles estimation of thermal conductivity by machine-learning interatomic potentials: A MTP/ShengBTE solution
Creators: name: Mortazavi, Bohayra
name: Podryabinkin, Evgeny P.
name: Nvikovb, Ivan S.
name: Rabczuk, Timon
name: Zhuang, Xiaoying
name: Shapeev, Alexander V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Accurate evaluation of the thermal conductivity of a material can be a challenging task from both experimental and theoretical points of view. In particular for the nanostructured materials, the experimental measurement of thermal conductivity is associated with diverse sources of uncertainty. As a viable alternative to experiment, the combination of density functional theory (DFT) simulations and the solution of Boltzmann transport equation is currently considered as the most trusted approach to examine thermal conductivity. The main bottleneck of the aforementioned method is to acquire the anharmonic interatomic force constants using the computationally demanding DFT calculations. In this work we propose a substantially accelerated approach for the evaluation of anharmonic interatomic force constants via employing machine-learning interatomic potentials (MLIPs) trained over short ab-initio molecular dynamics trajectories. The remarkable accuracy of the proposed accelerated method is confirmed by comparing the estimated thermal conductivities of several bulk and two-dimensional materials with those computed by the full-DFT approach. The MLIP-based method proposed in this study can be employed as a standard tool, which would substantially accelerate and facilitate the estimation of lattice thermal conductivity in comparison with the commonly used full-DFT solution.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2006.06794
title: Jumbo squid (Dosidicus gigas) landings in the Gulf of California related to remotely sensed SST and concentrations of chlorophyll a (1998–2012).
Creators: name: Robinson, Carlos
name: Gomez-Gutierrez, Jaime
name: de Leon, David Alberto Salas
Publisher: name: ASC 2013 - Theme session P
Year: 2024
Subjects: Fisheries and aquaculture
Technologies and data

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author. Jumbo squid Dosidicus gigas supports an important fishery in the central region of the Gulf of California, Mexico. However, in recent years, landings of this species in the port of Guaymas, Sonora has declined significantly. We examined monthly landing records from January 1998 through March 2012 and related this record to monthly sea surface temperature (SST) and chlorophyll a from satellite imagery and coastal upwelling index (CUI) in the fishing area as proxies of inter-annual changes in the epipelagic habitat. Results indicate that Jumbo squid catches were high between June 1999 and December 2004 (328,903 t) associated with an extended period of prevailing cold SSTs (La Niña 1999) and high chlorophyll a concentrations with intense CUI. From January 2005 through March 2012, a progressive catches decrease; landings were about 31.8% of previous captures (104,829 t). Decline is associated with a progressively warmer habitat with less chlorophyll a and considerably lower CUI. Six fishing surveys carried out to the central Gulf of California with jig sampling indicate that jumbo squid tend to be in regions with low SST and high chlorophyll a, confirming its association with cold and productive areas.
The Dynamics of Crowd Disasters: An Empirical Study
Creators: name: Helbing, Dirk
name: Johansson, Anders
name: Al-Abideen, Habib Zein
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many observations in the dynamics of pedestrian crowds, including various self-organization phenomena, have been successfully described by simple many-particle models. For ethical reasons, however, there is a serious lack of experimental data regarding crowd panic. Therefore, we have analyzed video recordings of the crowd disaster in Mina/Makkah during the Hajj in 1426H on January 12, 2006. They reveal two subsequent, sudden transitions from laminar to stop-and-go and ``turbulent'' flows, which question many previous simulation models. While the transition from laminar to stop-and-go flows supports a recent model of bottleneck flows [D. Helbing et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 97, 168001 (2006)], the subsequent transition to turbulent flow is not yet well understood. It is responsible for sudden eruptions of pressure release comparable to earthquakes, which cause sudden displacements and the falling and trampling of people. The insights of this study into the reasons for critical crowd conditions are important for the organization of safer mass events. In particularly, they allow one to understand where and when crowd accidents tend to occur. They have also led to organizational changes, which have ensured a safe Hajj in 1427H.
Linear-optical protocols for mitigating and suppressing noise in bosonic systems
Creators: name: Teo, Y. S.
name: Shringarpure, S. U.
name: Cho, S.
name: Jeong, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum-information processing and computation with bosonic qubits are corruptible by noise channels. Using interferometers and photon-subtraction gadgets (PSGs) accompanied by linear amplification and attenuation, we establish linear-optical methods to mitigate and suppress bosonic noise channels. We first show that by employing amplifying and attenuating PSGs respectively at the input and output of either a thermal or random-displacement channel, probabilistic error cancellation (PEC) can be carried out to mitigate errors in expectation-value estimation. We also derive optimal physical estimators that are properly constrained to improve the sampling accuracy of PEC. Next, we prove that a purely-dephasing channel is coherently suppressible using a multimode Mach--Zehnder interferometer and conditional vacuum measurements (VMZ). In the limit of infinitely-many ancillas, with nonvanishing success rates, VMZ using either Hadamard or two-design interferometers turns any dephasing channel into a phase-space-rotated linear-attenuation channel that can subsequently be inverted with (rotated) linear amplification without Kerr nonlinearity. Moreover, for weak central-Gaussian dephasing, the suppression fidelity increases monotonically with the number of ancillas and most optimally with Hadamard interferometers. We demonstrate the performance of these linear-optical mitigation and suppression schemes on common noise channels (and their compositions) and popular bosonic codes. While the theoretical formalism pertains to idling noise channels, we also provide numerical evidence supporting mitigation and suppression capabilities with respect to noise from universal gate operations.
description: 52 pages, 15 figures
title: Detecting presence-absence of bluefin tuna by automated analysis of long-range sonars in fishing vessels
Creators: name: Aizpurua, Jon Uranga
name: Arrizabalaga, Haritz
name: Boyra, Guillermo
name: Hernandez, Maria Carmen
Publisher: name: ASC 2013 - Theme session P
Year: 2024
Subjects: Fisheries and aquaculture
Technologies and data

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author. This study presents a new methodology for automated analysis in tuna long-range sonar signals. This approach attempts to solve the problem of sonar image processing. The study is focused at bluefin tuna (Tunnus thynnus) of the Bay of Biscay. In this process, for each sonar image a Semi-automated image pre-processing (SAIPP) is applied and we obtain measurable regions to analyze where each region is described by a set of characteristics. Through the help of experts, each region is identified into a class and a database is created by supervised learning. Thus, filters to fix database unbalance are applied and a classification model is performed. The final aim of this process is to maximize the estimation of tuna in regard to the real values, and to take the first step towards the proposal of a new index of abundance, based on the automatic estimation of sonar images.
Static and dynamic properties of the spinless Falicov-Kimball model
Creators: name: Becker, K. W.
name: Sykora, S.
name: Zlatic, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spinless Falicov-Kimball model is studied by the use of a recently developed projector-based renormalization method (PRM) for many-particle Hamiltonians. The method is used to evaluate static and dynamic quantities of the one-dimensional model at half-filling. To these belong the quasiparticle excitation energy $\tildeε_k$ and the momentum distribution $n_k$ of the conduction electrons and spatial correlation functions of the localized electrons. One of the most remarkable results is the appearance of a gap in $\tildeε_k$ at the Fermi level of the order of the Coulomb repulsion $U$, which is accompanied by a smooth behavior for $n_k$. The density of states for the conduction electrons and the one-particle spectral functions for the localized electrons are also discussed. In both quantities a gap opens with increasing $U$.
description: 32 pages, 7 figures
Η ιερά μονή Χιλανδαρίου ως σύνδεσμος Φιλίας Ελλάδας και Σερβίας:
Creators: name: Χατζηλελέκας, Δημοσθένης Αία
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2011
Subjects: Χιλανδάρι
Σύνδεσμος Φιλίας
Ελλάδα-Σερβία
Hilander
League of Friendship
Greece and Serbia

description: Το Χιλανδάρι ακολουθώντας τη βυζαντινή παράδοση που κληρονόμησε από το χριστιανικό Βυζάντιο με πιστότητα φροντίζει για τη βίωση του Ευαγγελίου και την εμβάθυνση εκ νέου σ’ αυτό. Ζώντας οργανικά την παράδοση, την ενότητα και την κοινωνία με τη μία, αγία, καθολική και αποστολική Εκκλησία του παρελθόντος, του παρόντος και του μέλλοντος οφείλει να δώσει μια νέα δυναμική και μια νέα ζωτικότητα στις σχέσεις των δύο χωρών. Πιστό στη διακήρυξη της χριστιανικής αρχής περί ισότητας και αδελφότητας, μεταξύ όλων ανεξαιρέτως των ανθρώπων και της ανιδιοτελούς και θυσιαζόμενης αγάπης, γεμίζει την ψυχή με αισιοδοξία, μεταγγίζει απροσμέτρητη ελπίδα και δύναμη για μεταμορφωτική προσπάθεια μέσα στο πασχαλινό φως.
description: The HILANDAR following the Byzantine tradition inherited from Christian Byzantium faithfully cares about the experiencing of the Gospel and deepening again to it. Living organic tradition, unity and communion with the one, holy, catholic and apostolic Church past, present and future needs to give a new momentum and a new vitality to the relations of two countries. Faithful to the declaration of the Christian principle of equality and brotherhood among all people without exception and selfless and sacrificial love, fills the soul with optimism, hope and poured immeasurable power for transformative efforts in Easter light
Fragmentation of gravitationally unstable gaseous protoplanetary disks with radiative transfer
Creators: name: Mayer, Lucio
name: Lufkin, Graeme
name: Quinn, Thomas
name: Wadsley, James
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the results of the first 3D SPH simulation of massive, gravitationally unstable protoplanetary disks with radiative transfer. We adopt a flux-limited diffusion scheme justified by the high opacity of most of the disk. The optically thin surface of the disk cools as a blackbody. The disks grow slowly in mass starting from a Toomre-stable initial condition to the point at which they become marginally unstable. We find that gravitationally bound clumps with masses close to a Jupiter mass can arise. Fragmentation appears to be driven by vertical convective-like motions capable of transporting the heat from the disk midplane to its surface on a timescale of only about 40 years at 10 AU. A larger or smaller cooling efficiency of the disk at the optically thin surface can promote or stifle fragmentation by affecting the vertical temperature profile, which determines whether convection can happen or not, and by regulating the accretion flow from optically thin regions towards overdense regions. We also find that the chances of fragmentation increase for a higher mean molecular weight $μ$ since compressional heating is reduced. Around a star with mass $1 M_{\odot}$ only disks with $μ\ge 2.4$, as expected for gas with a metallicity comparable to solar or higher, fragment. This suggests that disk instability, like core-accretion, should be more effective in forming gas giants at higher gas metallicities, consistent with the observed correlation between metallicity of the planet-hosting stars and frequency of planets
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, submitted to ApJ Letters
title: Forecasting recruitment of multiple fish species using multi-dimensional Bayesian network classifiers
Creators: name: Fernandes, Jose A.
name: Lozano, Jose A.
name: Inza, Iñaki
name: Irigoien, Xabier
name: Rodríguez, Juan D.
name: Pérez, Aritz
Publisher: name: ASC 2013 - Theme session Q
Year: 2024
Subjects: Fisheries and aquaculture
Technologies and data

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author. A multi-species approach to fisheries management requires taking into account the interactions between species in order to improve recruitment forecasting. Recent advances in Bayesian networks direct the learning of models with several interrelated variables to be forecasted simultaneously. These are known as multi-dimensional Bayesian network classifiers (MDBNs). Pre-processing steps are critical for the posterior learning of the model in these kinds of domains. Therefore, in this study, a set of 'state-of-the-art' uni-dimensional pre-processing methods, within the categories of missing data imputation, feature discretization and subset selection, are adapted to be used with MDBNs. A framework that includes the proposed multi-dimensional supervised pre-processing methods, coupled with a MDBN classifier, is tested for fish recruitment forecasting. The correctly forecasting of three fish species (anchovy, sardine and hake) simultaneously is doubled (from 17.3% to 29.5%) using the multi-dimensional approach in comparison to mono-species models. The probability assessments also show high improvement reducing the average error (Brier score) from 0.35 to 0.27. These differences are superior to the forecasting of species by pairs.
Collapse Transition of Two-Dimensional Flexible and Semiflexible Polymers
Creators: name: Zhou, Haijun
name: Zhou, Jie
name: Ou-Yang, Zhong-Can
name: Kumar, Sanjay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nature of the globule-coil transition of surface-confined polymers has been an issue of debate. Here this 2D collapse transition is studied through a partially directed lattice model. In the general case of polymers with positive bending stiffness ($Δ>0$), the collapse transition is {\em first-order}; it becomes {\em second-order} only in the limiting case of zero bending stiffness ($Δ\equiv 0$). These analytical results are confirmed by Monte Carlo simulations. We also suggest some possible future experiments.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Optimised Dirac Operators on the Lattice: Construction, Properties and Applications
Creators: name: Bietenholz, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review a number of topics related to block variable renormalisation group transformations of quantum fields on the lattice, and to the emerging perfect lattice actions. We first illustrate this procedure by considering scalar fields. Then we proceed to lattice fermions, where we discuss perfect actions for free fields, for the Gross-Neveu model and for a supersymmetric spin model. We also consider the extension to perfect lattice perturbation theory, in particular regarding the axial anomaly and the quark gluon vertex function. Next we deal with properties and applications of truncated perfect fermions, and their chiral correction by means of the overlap formula. This yields a formulation of lattice fermions, which combines exact chiral symmetry with an optimisation of further essential properties. We summarise simulation results for these so-called overlap-hypercube fermions in the two-flavour Schwinger model and in quenched QCD. In the latter framework we establish a link to Chiral Perturbation Theory, both, in the p-regime and in the epsilon-regime. In particular we present an evaluation of the leading Low Energy Constants of the chiral Lagrangian - the chiral condensate and the pion decay constant - from QCD simulations with extremely light quarks.
description: published version (plus slight extension), 120 pages, 41 figures
Cerenkov-like radiation in a binary Schr{ö}dinger flow past an obstacle
Creators: name: Susanto, H.
name: Kevrekidis, P. G.
name: Carretero-Gonzalez, R.
name: Malomed, B. A.
name: Frantzeskakis, D. J.
name: Bishop, A. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the dynamics of two coupled miscible Bose-Einstein condensates, when an obstacle is dragged through them. The existence of two different speeds of sound provides the possibility for three dynamical regimes: when both components are subcritical, we do not observe nucleation of coherent structures; when both components are supercritical they both form dark solitons in one dimension (1D) and vortices or rotating vortex dipoles in two dimensions (2D); in the intermediate regime, we observe the nucleation of a structure in the form of a dark-antidark soliton in 1D; subcritical component; the 2D analog of such a structure, a vortex-lump, is also observed.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, submitted to Phys Rev E
title: A Bayesian analysis of embedding anchovy dynamics in the environment
Creators: name: Rincón, Margarita María
name: Ruiz, Javier
name: Catalán, Ignacio
Publisher: name: ASC 2013 - Theme session Q
Year: 2024
Subjects: Fisheries and aquaculture
Technologies and data

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author. Recent studies illustrate the importance of coupling the life-cycle with environmental conditions for the modelling of the anchovy population dynamics in the Gulf of Cádiz (NE Atlantic). Intense easterlies, stratification of the water column and discharges from the Guadalquivir River have been identified as the main factors driving the dynamics of anchovy (Engraulis encrasicolus) during early life stages (Ruiz et al. (2006)). We have developed a new Bayesian model with weekly resolution for early life stages and monthly for juveniles and adults. This dual time step resolution is appropriate to resolve environmental effects on recruits and anthropogenic effects, i.e. fishing, on adult fish. Our estimates for juvenile abundances are validated with in situ data. The model of growth provides coherent length frequency predictors and the Bayesian approach supplies the uncertainty measure, providing a plausible environmentally driven stock-recruitment relationship.
title: The application of statistical metrics into predictive functional Bayesian models of fisheries ecology
Creators: name: Trifonova, Neda
name: Kenny, Andrew
name: Duplisea, Daniel
name: Tucker, Allan
Publisher: name: ASC 2013 - Theme session Q
Year: 2024
Subjects: Fisheries and aquaculture
Technologies and data

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author. The use of machine-learning techniques is a relatively novel approach when applied to ecological data analysis, though this is starting to change with the adoption of more explorative tools like Bayesian networks, which allow prior assumptions to be made about the data. In this study, dynamic Bayesian networks with latent variables have been applied in order to predict future biomass of different key species such as cod and haddock as well as functional collapse, where the underlying food web structure dramatically changes irrevocably (regime shift). Comparison is made between fitted latent variables to a number of metrics, previously published as predictors of regime shifts. The hidden variable appears to reflect the variance of different species biomass, whilst in others it seems that it is modelling some other effect. In addition, a non-parametric bootstrap was applied to estimate the confidence of features of networks learned from the data which allows us to identify pairwise relations of high confidence between species.
Source of circular polarization in radio pulsars
Creators: name: Jones, P B
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is known that the concept of limiting polarization introduced seventy years ago by K G Budden has the capacity to explain the magnitude of circular polarization seen in normal pulsars with rotation periods of the order of one second under the assumption of a high-multiplicity electron-positron plasma. However, a review of limiting polarization under the same assumption in millisecond pulsars indicates that it is inapplicable there because the region of limiting polarization lies far outside the light cylinder. The present paper, using the ion-proton model, evaluates circular polarization both generally and specifically for J2144-3933, and gives a fairly detailed understanding of the observations in normal pulsars including the change of sign as a function of frequency seen in J0908-4913. But it also fails to explain circular polarization in millisecond pulsars owing to the smaller particle number densities and birefringence of the magnetosphere in these objects. However, the review of limiting polarization finds that, within the ion-proton model, this distinct process can describe their circular polarization. It is argued that certain features of millisecond pulsar Stokes profiles are clearly consistent with limiting polarization.
description: 7 pages
The gravitational Higgs mechanism and resulting smoking gun effects
Creators: name: Krall, Verena
name: Coates, Andrew
name: Kokkotas, Kostas D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, a toy model was introduced to demonstrate that screening mechanisms in alternative theories of gravitation can hide additional effects. In this model a scalar field is charged under a $U(1)$ symmetry. In sufficiently compact objects the scalar field spontaneously grows, i.e. the object scalarizes, spontaneously breaking the $U(1)$ symmetry. Exactly as in the $U(1)$ Higgs mechanism this leads to the emergence of a mass for the gauge field. The aim of this paper is to provide an example of the physical consequences if we consider this toy model as a prototype of Weak Equivalence Principle (WEP) violations. We model neutron stars with a dipolar magnetic field to compare the magnetic field behaviour of stars in Einstein-Maxwell theory on the one hand and in scalar-tensor theory with the, so-called, gravitational Higgs mechanism on the other hand.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication: https://journals.aps.org/prd/accepted/b7076Qa8W5d1382365850174af1c0fe844e4b3106
title: Developing tools to facilitate expert and stakeholder inputs to modelling and strategic planning
Creators: name: Leach, Adrian
name: Levontin, Polina
name: Holt, John
name: Whitlock, Rebecca
name: Mumford, John
Publisher: name: ASC 2013 - Theme session Q
Year: 2024
Subjects: Fisheries and aquaculture
Technologies and data

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author. Stakeholder opinions should inform and support modelling and policy making. Graphical tools were developed, tested and implemented to facilitate knowledge elicitation, estimation of Bayesian priors and data integration. Visualisation of uncertainty was a central feature and gave direct feedback, helping to clarify disagreements between stakeholders and leading to consensus. Tools were tested with diverse groups and, by articulating different voices, aided inclusive governance.
"As Open as Possible and as Closed As Necessary"? Uncomfortable Heritages and Data Sharing of Human(Remain)s.
Creators: name: Alves-Cardoso, Francisca
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Archaeology
Ancient DNA
Human remains

description: This presentation discussed the issues concerning data curation pertaining to human remains and how this topic can be approached. In particular, ethic issues apply to all the data created, including metadata. A number of policies were discussed for managing and sharing the data including FAIR and CARE and an approach proposed that follows that used by biobanks for biomedical research.
Self-Intersection Local Time of $(α,d,β)$-superprocess
Creators: name: Mytnik, L.
name: Villa, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60G57; 60H15

description: The existence of self-intersection local time (SILT), when the time diagonal is intersected, of the $(α,d,β)$-superprocess is proved for $d/2
description: 28 pages
User perspectives on critical factors for collaborative playlists
Creators: name: Park, So Yeon
name: Kaneshiro, Blair
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Collaborative playlists (CP) enable listeners to curate music together, translating long-standing social practices around music consumption into the age of streaming. Yet despite their role in connecting people through music, we lack an understanding of factors that are critical to CPs and their enjoyment. To understand what users consider important to CPs and their usage, we investigated aspects that are perceived to be most useful and lacking in today's CP implementations. We conducted a survey to collect open-ended text responses from real-world CP users. Using thematic analysis, we derived the Codebook of Critical CP Factors, which comprises eight aspects. We gained insights into which aspects are particularly useful, and which are absent and desired by current CP users. From these findings we propose design implications to inform further design of CP functionalities and platforms, and highlight potential benefits and challenges related to their adoption in current music services.
description: 29 pages, 1 figure
Charged Lepton Flavor Physics and Extra Dimensions
Creators: name: Iltan, Erhan O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We estimate the charged lepton electric dipole moments and the branching ratios of radiative lepton flavor violating decays in the framework of the two Higgs doublet model with the inclusion two extra dimensions. Here, we consider that the new Higgs doublet is accessible to one of the extra dimensions with a Gaussian profile and the fermions are accessible to the other extra dimension with uniform zero mode profile. We observe that the numerical values of the physical quantities studied enhance with the additional effects due to the extra dimensions and they are sensitive to the new Higgs localization.
description: 23 pages, 13 pages
High Energy Gamma-rays from Globular Clusters
Creators: name: Bednarek, W.
name: Sitarek, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is expected that specific globular clusters can contain up to a hundred of millisecond pulsars. These pulsars can accelerate leptons at the shock waves originated in collisions of the pulsar winds and/or inside the pulsar magnetospheres. Energetic leptons diffuse gradually through the globular cluster comptonizing stellar and microwave background radiation. We calculate the GeV-TeV $γ$-ray spectra for different models of injection of leptons and parameters of the globular clusters assuming reasonable, of the order of 1%, efficiency of energy conversion from the pulsar winds into the relativistic leptons. It is concluded that leptons accelerated in the globular cluster cores should produce well localized $γ$-ray sources which are concentric with these globular clusters. The results are shown for four specific globular clusters (47 Tuc, Ter 5, M13, and M15), in which significant population of millisecond pulsars have been already discovered. We argue that the best candidates, which might be potentially detected by the present Cherenkov telescopes and the planned satellite telescopes (AGILE, GLAST), are 47 Tuc on the southern hemisphere, and M13 on the northern hemisphere. We conclude that detection (or non-detection) of GeV-TeV $γ$-ray emission from GCs by these instruments put important constraints on the models of acceleration of leptons by millisecond pulsars.
description: 12 pages, 10 figures, 1 table, accepted to MNRAS
Ultrafast room-temperature valley manipulation in silicon and diamond
Creators: name: Gindl, Adam
name: Čmel, Martin
name: Trojánek, František
name: Malý, Petr
name: Kozák, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Some semiconductors have more than one degenerate minimum of the conduction band in their band structure. These minima-known as valleys-can be used for storing and processing information, if it is possible to generate a difference in their electron populations. However, to compete with conventional electronics, it is necessary to develop universal and fast methods for controlling and reading the valley quantum number of the electrons. Even though selective optical manipulation of electron populations in inequivalent valleys has been demonstrated in two-dimensional crystals with broken time-reversal symmetry, such control is highly desired in many technologically important semiconductor materials, including silicon and diamond. We demonstrate an ultrafast technique for the generation and read-out of a valley-polarized population of electrons in bulk semiconductors on subpicosecond timescales. The principle is based on the unidirectional intervalley scattering of electrons accelerated by an oscillating electric field of linearly polarized infrared femtosecond pulses. Our results are an advance in the development of potential room-temperature valleytronic devices operating at terahertz frequencies and compatible with contemporary silicon-based technology.
description: v2: AAM; licence: CC BY 4.0
Adiabatic charge and spin pumping through quantum dots with ferromagnetic leads
Creators: name: Splettstoesser, Janine
name: Governale, Michele
name: König, Jürgen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study adiabatic pumping of electrons through quantum dots attached to ferromagnetic leads. Hereby we make use of a real-time diagrammatic technique in the adiabatic limit that takes into account strong Coulomb interaction in the dot. We analyze the degree of spin polarization of electrons pumped from a ferromagnet through the dot to a nonmagnetic lead (N-dot-F) as well as the dependence of the pumped charge on the relative leads' magnetization orientations for a spin-valve (F-dot-F) structure. For the former case, we find that, depending on the relative coupling strength to the leads, spin and charge can, on average, be pumped in opposite directions. For the latter case, we find an angular dependence of the pumped charge, that becomes more and more anharmonic for large spin polarization in the leads.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures, published in Phys. Rev. B
title: A Bayesian state-space model for Bothnian Sea herring population structure using acoustic survey data
Creators: name: Pulkkinen, Henni
name: Gårdmark, Anna
name: Kaljuste, Olavi
name: Lilja, Juha
name: Bryhn, Andreas
name: Mäntyniemi, Samu
Publisher: name: ASC 2013 - Theme session Q
Year: 2024
Subjects: Fisheries and aquaculture
Technologies and data

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author. The Baltic International Acoustic Survey (BIAS) is carried out annually as a part of the European Union Data Collection Framework to estimate the herring and sprat resources in the Baltic Sea. We analyse survey data from 2010-2012 with a Bayesian model and present estimates for the age and length distributions of the Bothnian Sea herring stock. We compare these estimates with the standard BIAS estimates and the input data, and discuss the discrepancies. Furthermore, we discuss the obstacles of estimating the annual herring abundances with this model, the key assumptions that influence the estimates the most, and the future steps of the study
title: Valuing the ability to predict anchovy recruitment based on environmental data
Creators: name: Levontin, Polina
name: Rincón, Margarita María
name: Leach, Adrian
name: Ruiz, Javier
name: Mumford, John
Publisher: name: ASC 2013 - Theme session Q
Year: 2024
Subjects: Fisheries and aquaculture
Technologies and data

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author. To explain atypical events in catch evolution in anchovy population dynamics in the Gulf of Cadiz, it is crucial to consider environmental processes that are not included in traditional stock‐recruitment relationships. Using the posterior distributions from a previous Bayesian model, we simulate anchovy population dynamics with a fishing mortality that changes according to an environmentally driven harvest control rule (HCR). A notional insurance scheme illustrates how this new HCR encourages sustainability while reducing risk compared with a HCR which does not respond to environmental factors that force stock dynamics.  Calculating the difference in required premiums of the hypothetical insurance scheme allows us to calculate the value of using environmental information.
Broadband transmission spectroscopy of HD209458b with ESPRESSO: Evidence for Na, TiO, or both
Creators: name: Santos, N. C.
name: Cristo, E.
name: Demangeon, O.
name: Oshagh, M.
name: Allart, R.
name: Barros, S. C. C.
name: Borsa, F.
name: Bourrier, V.
name: Casasayas-Barris, N.
name: Ehrenreich, D.
name: Faria, J. P.
name: Figueira, P.
name: Martins, J. H. C.
name: Micela, G.
name: Pallé, E.
name: Sozzetti, A.
name: Tabernero, H. M.
name: Osorio, M. R. Zapatero
name: Pepe, F.
name: Cristiani, S.
name: Rebolo, R.
name: Adibekyan, V.
name: Prieto, C. Allende
name: Alibert, Y.
name: Bouchy, F.
name: Cabral, A.
name: Dekker, H.
name: Di Marcantonio, P.
name: D'Odorico, V.
name: Dumusque, X.
name: Hernández, J. I. González
name: Lavie, B.
name: Curto, G. Lo
name: Lovis, C.
name: Manescau, A.
name: Martins, C. J. A. P.
name: Mégevand, D.
name: Mehner, A.
name: Molaro, P.
name: Nunes, N. J.
name: Poretti, E.
name: Riva, M.
name: Sousa, S. G.
name: Mascareño, A. Suárez
name: Udry, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The detection and characterization of exoplanet atmospheres is currently one of the main drivers pushing the development of new observing facilities. In this context, high-resolution spectrographs are {proving} their potential and showing that high-resolution spectroscopy will be paramount in this field. We aim to make use of ESPRESSO high-resolution spectra, which cover two transits of HD209458b, to probe the broadband transmission optical spectrum of the planet. We applied the chromatic Rossiter-McLaughin method to derive the transmission spectrum of HD209458b. We compared the results with previous HST observations and with synthetic spectra. We recover a transmission spectrum of HD209458b similar to the one obtained with HST data. The models suggest that the observed signal can be explained by only Na, only TiO, or both Na and TiO, even though none is fully capable of explaining our observed transmission spectrum. Extra absorbers may be needed to explain the full dataset, though modeling approximations and observational errors can also be responsible for the observed mismatch. Using the chromatic Rossiter-McLaughlin technique, ESPRESSO is able to provide broadband transmission spectra of exoplanets from the ground, in conjunction with space-based facilities, opening good perspectives for similar studies of other planets.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A