cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Tajmar effect from quantised inertia
Creators: name: McCulloch, M. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Tajmar anomaly is an unexplained acceleration observed by gyroscopes close to, but isolated from, rotating rings cooled to 5K. The observed ratio between the gyroscope and ring accelerations was 3+/-1.2*10^-8 for clockwise rotations and about half this size for anticlockwise ones. Here, this anomaly is predicted using a new model that assumes that the inertial mass of the gyroscope is caused by Unruh radiation that appears as the ring and the fixed stars accelerate relative to it, and that this radiation is subject to a Hubble-scale Casimir effect. The model predicts that the sudden acceleration of the ring causes a slight increase in the inertial mass of the gyroscope, and, to conserve momentum the gyroscope must move with the ring with an acceleration ratio of 2.67+/-0.24*10^-8 for clockwise rotations and 1.34+/-0.12*10^-8 for anticlockwise ones, in agreement with the observations. The model predicts that in the southern hemisphere the anomaly should be larger for anticlockwise rotations instead, and that with a significant reduction of the mass of the disc, the decay of the effect with vertical distance should become measurable.
description: 9 pages, 1 figure. Accepted by EPL on the 16th June, 2011
From collinear to vortex magnetic structures in Mn corrals on Pt(111)
Creators: name: Ribeiro, M. S.
name: Corrêa, G. B.
name: Bergman, A.
name: Nordström, L.
name: Eriksson, O.
name: Klautau, A. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the magnetic properties of small Mn ring shaped clusters on a Pt(111) surface in the framework of density functional theory. We find that the Mn atoms possess large magnetic moments, of the order of 4uB/atom, and have dominating antiferromagnetic interatomic exchange interactions. A quantum confinement effect within the ring like clusters was found, indicating that even very small clusters can be seen as quantum corrals. The antiferromagnetic exchange couplings lead to collinear magnetic arrangements in simple corrals, as well as complex non-collinear ordering, as vortex-like structures, for the case of corrals with particular geometry where antiferromagnetism becomes frustrated.
description: Accepted for publication as a Regular Article in Physical Review B (2010)
Multi-level Nonstandard Analysis and the Axiom of Choice
Creators: name: Hrbacek, Karel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 26E35

description: Model-theoretic frameworks for Nonstandard Analysis depend on the existence of nonprincipal ultrafilters, a strong form of the Axiom of Choice (AC). Hrbacek and Katz, APAL 72 (2021) formulate axiomatic nonstandard set theories SPOT and SCOT that are conservative extensions of respectively ZF and ZF + ADC (the Axiom of Dependent Choice), and in which a significant part of Nonstandard Analysis can be developed. The present paper extends these theories to theories with many levels of standardness, called respectively SPOTS and SCOTS. It shows that Jin's recent nonstandard proof of Szemerédi's Theorem can be carried out in SPOTS. The theory SCOTS is a conservative extension of ZF + ADC.
title: Έλεγχος εγκυρότητας και αξιοπιστίας των μετρήσεων της δύναμης χειρόσφιξης σε ασθενείς με Πνευμονική Υπέρταση
title: Investigation of validity and reliability of hand grip strength measurements among patients with Pulmonary Hypertesion
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Τσιώνου, Παναγιώτα
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Δυτικής Αττικής
Year: 2021
Subjects: Πνευμονική υπέρταση
Δύναμη χειρόσφιξης
Εξάλεπτη δοκιμασία βάδισης
Φυσικοθεραπεία

description: Εισαγωγή: Η Πνευμονική Υπέρταση (ΠΥ) αποτελεί μια πολυπαραγοντική νόσο με αυξανόμενη επίπτωση παγκοσμίως. Επιδρά αρνητικά στην ποιότητα ζωής των ασθενών λόγω του ότι συχνά μειώνεται η δυνατότητα εκτέλεσης μέτριας και πολλές φορές μικρής έντασης δραστηριοτήτων, όπως συμβαίνει στις καθημερινές ενασχολήσεις. Σκοπός: Η διερεύνηση της αξιοπιστίας και εγκυρότητας της δύναμης χειρόσφιξης (ΔΧ) σε ασθενείς με ΠΥ. Υλικό-Μέθοδος: Το δείγμα της μελέτης αποτέλεσαν 20 ασθενείς με ΠΥ σταδίων ΙΙ και ΙΙΙ, στη ΜΕΘ του ΠΓΝ «Αττικόν». Έγινε χρήση δυναμομέτρου χειρός και ελήφθησαν 3 επαναλαμβανόμενες μετρήσεις. Διενεργήθηκε η εξάλεπτη δοκιμασία βάδισης και καταγράφηκε η μέγιστη διανυθείσα απόσταση. Αποτελέσματα: Η μέση ηλικία των συμμετεχόντων ανήλθε στα 54,6±10,8 έτη και η διάρκεια της πάθησης στα 4,9±3,5 έτη. Η μέγιστη διανυθείσα απόσταση στην 6MWDT ανήλθε στα 506±81,2 μέτρα και η ΔΧ στα 33,3±7,6 κιλά. Οι άνδρες είχαν μεγαλύτερη ΔΧ σε σύγκριση με τις γυναίκες (p=0,03), όμως δεν σημειώθηκαν διαφορές μεταξύ των λειτουργικών κατηγοριών αναφορικά με τη ΔΧ (p=0,24). Βρέθηκε, επίσης, θετική συσχέτιση της ΔΧ με τη μέγιστη διανυόμενη απόσταση στην 6MWDT (Rho=0,47, p<0.05). Επιπλέον, βρέθηκε υψηλός δείκτης ICC=0,99 (p=0,001) της ΔΧ. Συμπεράσματα: Η μέτρηση της ΔΧ επί ΠΥ είναι μια έγκυρη και αξιόπιστη μέτρηση που μπορεί να χρησιμοποιηθεί στην κλινική πρακτική.
Characteristics of Irrigated Agriculture in the United States
Creators: name: Hanchar, John J.
name: Hanchar, John J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1988
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Farm Management
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: Irrigated farms
subject: irrigated acres
subject: agricultural product sales value
subject: irrigation water

description: Previously unreported data obtained from special tabulations of the 1982 Census of Agriculture show that more than 30 percent of irrigated farms were livestock operations in 1982. Individual or family operations represented the vast majority of irrigated farms. Thirty-six percent of irrigated farms had fewer than 50 acres, while 34 percent generated less than $10,000 per farm in sales of agricultural products. Corporate and larger farms accounted for disproportionately large shares of the irrigated acreage and sales of agricultural products, compared with their share of farms. Although there were regional differences in farm operations, farm operator characteristics were similar among regions.
X-Ray Luminous Supernovae: Threats to Terrestrial Biospheres
Creators: name: Brunton, Ian R.
name: O'Mahoney, Connor
name: Fields, Brian D.
name: Melott, Adrian L.
name: Thomas, Brian C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spectacular outbursts of energy associated with supernovae (SNe) have long motivated research into their potentially hazardous effects on Earth and analogous environments. Much of this research has focused primarily on the atmospheric damage associated with the prompt arrival of ionizing photons within days or months of the initial outburst, and the high-energy cosmic rays that arrive thousands of years after the explosion. In this study, we turn the focus to persistent X-ray emission, arising in certain SNe that have interactions with a dense circumstellar medium, and observed months and/or years after the initial outburst. The sustained high X-ray luminosity leads to large doses of ionizing radiation out to formidable distances. We provide an assessment of the threat posed by these X-ray luminous SNe by analyzing the collective X-ray observations from Chandra, Swift-XRT, XMM-Newton, NuSTAR, and others. We find that this threat is particularly acute for SNe showing evidence of strong circumstellar interaction, such as Type IIn explosions, which have significantly larger ranges of influence than previously expected, and lethal consequences up to $\sim$ 50 pc away. Furthermore, X-ray bright SNe could pose a substantial and distinct threat to terrestrial biospheres, and tighten the Galactic habitable zone. We urge follow-up X-ray observations of interacting SNe for months and years after the explosion to shed light on the physical nature of the emission and its full time evolution, and to clarify the danger that these events pose for life in our Galaxy and other star-forming regions.
description: 24 pages, 6 figures. Now includes a more detailed analysis of X-ray effectiveness for ozone destruction; conclusions unchanged. Matches version to appear in ApJ
A Low-Power 1 Gb/s Line Driver with Configurable Pre-Emphasis for Lossy Transmission Lines
Creators: name: John, Nicholas St.
name: Mandal, Soumyajit
name: Deptuch, Grzegorz W.
name: Raguzin, Eric
name: Rescia, Sergio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Hardware Architecture (cs.AR)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: A line driver with configurable pre-emphasis is implemented in a 65 nm CMOS process. The driver utilizes a three-tap feed-forward equalization (FFE) architecture. The relative delays between the taps are selectable in increments of 1/16th of the unit interval (UI) via an 8-stage delay-locked loop (DLL) and digital interpolator. It is also possible to control the output amplitude and source impedance for each tap via a programmable array of eight source-series terminated (SST) drivers. The entire design consumes 9 mW from a 1.2 V supply at 1 Gb/s.
description: Submitted to JINST
Elastic Lattice Polymers
Creators: name: Baiesi, Marco
name: Barkema, Gerard T.
name: Carlon, Enrico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a model of "elastic" lattice polymer in which a fixed number of monomers $m$ is hosted by a self-avoiding walk with fluctuating length $l$. We show that the stored length density $ρ_m = 1 - /m$ scales asymptotically for large $m$ as $ρ_m=ρ_\infty(1-θ/m + ...)$, where $θ$ is the polymer entropic exponent, so that $θ$ can be determined from the analysis of $ρ_m$. We perform simulations for elastic lattice polymer loops with various sizes and knots, in which we measure $ρ_m$. The resulting estimates support the hypothesis that the exponent $θ$ is determined only by the number of prime knots and not by their type. However, if knots are present, we observe strong corrections to scaling, which help to understand how an entropic competition between knots is affected by the finite length of the chain.
description: 10 pages
Impact of droplets onto surfactant-laden thin liquid films
Creators: name: Constante-Amores, C. R.
name: Kahouadji, L.
name: Shin, S.
name: Chergui, J.
name: Juric, D.
name: Castrejon-Pita, J. R.
name: Matar, O. K.
name: Castrejon-Pita, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effect of insoluble surfactants on the impact of surfactant-free droplets on surfactant-laden thin liquid films via a fully three-dimensional direct numerical simulations approach that employs a hybrid interface-tracking/level-set method, and by taking into account surfactant-induced Marangoni stresses due to gradients in interfacial surfactant concentration. Our numerical predictions for the temporal evolution of the surfactant-free crown are validated against the experimental work by Che and Matar (2017). We focus on the crown-splash regime, and we observe that the crown dynamics evolves through various stages: from the the growth of linear modes (through a Rayleigh- Plateau instability) to the development of nonlinearities leading to primary and secondary breakup events (through droplet shedding modulated by an end-pinching mechanism). We show that the addition of surfactants does not affect the wave selection via the Rayleigh-Plateau instability. However, the presence of surfactants plays a key role in the late stages of the dynamics as soon as the ligaments are driven out from the rim. Surfactant-induced Marangoni stresses delay the end-pinching mechanisms to result in longer ligaments prior to their capillary singularity, while also promoting the spanwise merging between ligaments. Finally, we show that the addition of surfactants leads to surface rigidification and consequently to the retardation of the flow dynamics.
How Big is the “Lemons” Problem? Historical Evidence from French Wines
Creators: name: Mérel, Pierre
name: Ortiz-Bobea, Davis Ariel
name: Paroissien, Emmanuel
name: Mérel, Pierre
name: Ortiz-Bobea, Davis Ariel
name: Paroissien, Emmanuel
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: asymmetric information
subject: adverse selection
subject: quality uncertainty
subject: welfare
subject: wine appellation

description: This paper provides empirical evidence on the welfare losses associated with asymmetric information about product quality in a competitive market. When consumers cannot observe product characteristics at the time of purchase, atomistic producers have no incentive to supply costly quality. We compare wine prices across administrative districts around the enactment of historic regulations aimed at certifying the quality of more than 250 French appellation wines to identify welfare losses from asymmetric information. We estimate that these losses amount to more than 7% of total market value, suggesting an important role for credible certification schemes.
Theoretical and numerical modeling of Rayleigh wave scattering by an elastic inclusion
Creators: name: Li, Shan
name: Huang, Ming
name: Song, Yongfeng
name: Lan, Bo
name: Li, Xiongbing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This work presents theoretical and numerical models for the backscattering of two-dimensional Rayleigh waves by an elastic inclusion, with the host material being isotropic and the inclusion having arbitrary shape and crystallographic symmetry. The theoretical model is developed based on the reciprocity theorem using the far-field Green's function and the Born approximation, assuming a small acoustic impedance difference between the host and inclusion materials. The numerical finite element (FE) model is established to deliver relatively accurate simulation of the scattering problem and to evaluate the approximations of the theoretical model. Quantitative agreement is observed between the theoretical model and the FE results for arbitrarily-shaped surface/subsurface inclusions with isotropic/anisotropic properties. The agreement is excellent when the wavelength of the Rayleigh wave is larger than, or comparable to, the size of the inclusion, but it deteriorates as the wavelength gets smaller. Also, the agreement decreases with the anisotropy index for inclusions of anisotropic symmetry. The results lay the foundation for using Rayleigh waves for quantitative characterization of surface/subsurface inclusions, while also demonstrating its limitations.
description: 25 pages, 8 figures. The article has been submitted to The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America. After it is published, it will be found at https://asa.scitation.org/journal/jas
Geometric scaling behavior of the scattering amplitude for DIS with nuclei
Creators: name: Kormilitzin, Andrey
name: Levin, Eugene
name: Tapia, Sebastian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The main question, that we answer in this paper, is whether the initial condition can influence on the geometric scaling behavior of the amplitude for DIS at high energy. We re-write the non-linear Balitsky-Kovchegov equation in the form which is useful for treating the interaction with nuclei. Using the simplified BFKL kernel, we find the analytical solution to this equation with the initial condition given by the McLerran-Venugopalan formula. This solution does not show the geometric scaling behavior of the amplitude deeply in the saturation region. On the other hand, the BFKL Pomeron calculus with the initial condition at $x_A = 1/mR_A$ given by the solution to Balitsky-Kovchegov equation, leads to the geometric scaling behavior. The McLerran - Venugopalan formula is the natural initial condition for the Color Glass Condensate (CGC) approach. Therefore, our result gives a possibility to check experimentally which approach: CGC or BFKL Pomeron calculus, is more adequate.
description: 19pp, 11 figures in .eps files
Cost-effectiveness of childhood influenza vaccination in Europe: results from a systematic review
Creators: name: Boccalini, Sara
name: Bechini, Angela
name: Moscadelli, Andrea
name: Paoli, Sonia
name: Schirripa, Annamaria
name: Bonanni, Paolo
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Introduction: Influenza can be a significant public health problem. Nevertheless, it is preventable through vaccination. Concerning the pediatric population, the recommendation of influenza vaccination is under-represented in many European countries. The aim of this systematic review is to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of universal childhood vaccination against influenza in Europe. Areas covered: We conducted a systematic review of original article assessing the cost-effectiveness of influenza vaccination by searching PubMed, Embase and Scopus databases for studies in English, starting from January 1st, 2010 up to October 21st, 2020. Expert opinion: Our literature review showed that all studies identified highlight that pediatric vaccinations using a live vaccine, especially in the quadrivalent formulation, are cost-effective compared to current vaccinations (elderly and at-risk groups) with TIV or no vaccination. A significant contribution to this positive economic profile is due to the indirect protection. Already many clinical data report the relevant direct and indirect impact of vaccination against influenza for younger subjects. The recent studies collected in this review showed also that the pediatric vaccination is also cost-effective. Therefore, decision-makers should now consider this new favorable evidence.
Observation of the massive Lee-Fukuyama phason in a charge density wave insulator
Creators: name: Kim, Soyeun
name: Lv, Yinchuan
name: Sun, Xiao-Qi
name: Zhao, Chengxi
name: Bielinski, Nina
name: Murzabekova, Azel
name: Qu, Kejian
name: Duncan, Ryan A.
name: Nguyen, Quynh L. D.
name: Trigo, Mariano
name: Shoemaker, Daniel P.
name: Bradlyn, Barry
name: Mahmood, Fahad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The lowest-lying fundamental excitation of an incommensurate charge density wave (CDW) material is widely believed to be a massless phason -- a collective modulation of the phase of the CDW order parameter. However, as first pointed out by Lee and Fukuyama, long-range Coulomb interactions should push the phason energy up to the plasma energy of the CDW condensate, resulting in a massive phason and a fully gapped spectrum. Whether such behavior occurs in a CDW system has been unresolved for more than four decades. Using time-domain THz emission spectroscopy, we investigate this issue in the material (TaSe$_4$)$_2$I, a classical example of a quasi-one-dimensional CDW insulator. Upon transient photoexcitation at low temperatures, we find the material strikingly emits coherent, narrow-band THz radiation. The frequency, polarization and temperature-dependence of the emitted radiation imply the existence of a phason that acquires mass by coupling to long-range Coulomb interaction. Our observations constitute the first direct evidence of the massive "Lee-Fukuyama" phason and highlight the potential applicability of fundamental collective modes of correlated materials as compact and robust sources of THz radiation.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures. SI available on request
Towards high-level leakage power reduction techniques for FPGAs
Creators: name: Ahmed, Rehan
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: A field-programmable gate array (FPGA) is an integrated circuit (IC) which can be configured to implement any digital circuit. The speed and power-efficiency of an FPGA is better than general-purpose-processors (GPPs) and the flexibility, time-to-market, and low-volume costs of an FPGA are better than application-specific-integrated circuits (ASICs). As FPGAs are implemented using more advanced programming technologies, power, specifically leakage power, has become a first-class concern for many FPGA applications. Towards that end, the work in this thesis proposes software optimizations inside a high-level computer-aided-design (CAD) tool chain and a modeling technique that increases the effectiveness and accessibility of low-power architectural features, such as Dynamic Power Gating and Dynamic Partial Reconfiguration, in reducing the overall static leakage power in an FPGA. Three research contributions are presented. The first contribution is a high-level synthesis (HLS) based design methodology that targets an FPGA with dynamic power gating support. The proposed methodology automatically finds the coarse-grained (accelerator-level) power gating opportunities in a design expressed in C language and exploits the power-gating feature of the FPGA to minimize the static power dissipation. The second contribution demonstrates the impact of performing power gating at a finer granularity in which individual sub-accelerators within a parent accelerator are power-gated. Results reveal that for some applications, this finer granularity results in more effective power gating, thus providing more static power savings than just turning off the whole accelerator. Finally, the third contribution presents a model which aids in designing an FPGA-based dynamic partial reconfigurable system in which parts of the FPGA's functionality can be modified at run-time. The time-multiplexing of chip resources enables the use of a smaller FPGA device that helps in lowering the static power dissipation. A modeling approach is proposed that predicts the performance trends and bottlenecks in a reconfigurable datapath, without implementing the system on an FPGA device. This early prediction increases the ability to effectively explore the design space and experiment with various system parameters in less time.
Radiant gravitational collapse with anisotropy in pressures and bulk viscosity
Creators: name: Mesquita, A. C.
name: da Silva, M. F. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We model a compact radiant star that undergoes gravitational collapse from a certain initial static configuration until it becomes a black hole. The star consists of a fluid with anisotropy in pressures, bulk viscosity, in addition to the radial heat flow. A solution of Einstein's field equations with temporal dependence was presented to study the dynamic evolution of physical quantities, such as the mass-energy function, the luminosity seen by an observer at infinity and the heat flow. We checked the acceptability conditions of the initial static configuration to obtain a range of mass-to-radius ratio in which the presented star model is physically reasonable. The energy conditions were analyzed for the dynamic case, in order to guarantee that the model is composed of a physically acceptable fluid within the range of the mass-to-radius ratio obtained for the static configuration or if they will be modified during the collapse
description: 35 pages, 19 figures
Assessing the Effects of Important Factors and Province Heterogeneity on Different Quantiles of Hospitalization Cost
Creators: name: Ghahroodi, Zahra Rezaei
name: Ganjali, Mojtaba
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Objectives: The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of some covariates on different quantiles of the cost of hospitalization. The effect of the province that the individual belongs to on these quantiles will be also examined. Methods: We employed a linear quantile-mixed model (LQMM) for analyzing the cost of hospitalization in Iranians Utilization of Health Services (IUHS) survey considering the province effect, the effects of some important covariates, and also the effect of the choice of the random-effects distribution. For this, both classical and Bayesian approaches are used for parameter estimation. Results: The results of data analysis show that ward, type of hospital, and duration of hospitalization are significant factors on quantiles of the cost of hospitalization, of course with different impacts on different quantiles. Our findings reveal significant discrepancies in the cost of hospitalization in different provinces and significant heterogeneity among provinces. Conclusion: More works must be done related to hospitalization cost and its consequences since it is a matter of social life. To be exact, one should notice that provinces with hospitals involving high hospitalization costs may have households dealing with poverty.
Generalized Veneziano and Virasoro amplitudes
Creators: name: Geiser, Nicholas
name: Lindwasser, Lukas W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze so-called generalized Veneziano and generalized Virasoro amplitudes. Under some physical assumptions, we find that their spectra must satisfy an over-determined set of non-linear recursion relations. The recursion relation for the generalized Veneziano amplitudes can be solved analytically and yields a two-parameter family which includes the Veneziano amplitude, the one-parameter family of Coon amplitudes, and a larger two-parameter family of amplitudes with an infinite tower of spins at each mass level. In the generalized Virasoro case, the only consistent solution is the string spectrum.
description: v1, 22 pages; v2, 28 pages: typos fixed, two figures added, unitarity analysis added; v3, minor changes to figures
The Role of Pharmacogenetics and Pharmacometabonomics in the Personalization of Ticagrelor Antiplatelet Therapy
Creators: name: Akkaif, Mohammed Ahmed
name: Abubakar Sha'aban
name: Daud, Nur Aizati Athirah
name: Baharudin Ibrahim
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Pharmacology
subject: 111502 Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Abstract:Background: Ticagrelor is an antiplatelet administered orally and classified as cyclopentyltriazolopyrimidine, which binds inversely to P2Y12 receptors. Unlike prasugrel and clopidogrel, ticagrelor does not require metabolism activation. Thus, in theory, it lacks the variability seen with CYP polymorphisms and thus produces a more stable antiplatelet effect. However, clinical and laboratory experiments showed some defects in the P2Y12 receptor antagonism of Ticagrelor. Most of its variable platelet reactions are unexplained, despite knowledge of several genetic and non-genetic factors, which pose as challenges to the personalization of Ticagrelor therapy. Pharmacometabonomics which is a process of discovering new biomarkers of drug response or toxicity in biofluids into predicting drug response have been exploited to predict drug response. The advantage of pharmacometabonomics is that it not only predicts the response but provides comprehensive information on metabolic pathways which are implicated by the response. Integrating Pharmacogenetics with pharmacometabonomics provides insight into unknown genetic in addition to nongenetic factors related to the response.Method: The current study reviewed the literature related to the factors that are associated with variable platelets reactivity to Ticagrelor and evaluated the current methods employed to personalize Ticagrelor therapy.Result: This review found that currently, pharmacometabonomic techniques are not used to predict the response to Ticagrelor. It also shows that there are limitations to the use of pharmacogenetics alone to assess the response to Ticagrelor.Conclusion: This review identifies that integration of pharmacogenetics with pharmacometabonomics approach can be used to predict Ticagrelor's outcome.
A general model of resonance capture in planetary systems: First and second order resonances
Creators: name: Mustill, Alexander J.
name: Wyatt, Mark C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Mean motion resonances are a common feature of both our own Solar System and of extrasolar planetary systems. Bodies can be trapped in resonance when their orbital semi-major axes change, for instance when they migrate through a protoplanetary disc. We use a Hamiltonian model to thoroughly investigate the capture behaviour for first and second order resonances. Using this method, all resonances of the same order can be described by one equation, with applications to specific resonances by appropriate scaling. We focus on the limit where one body is a massless test particle and the other a massive planet. We quantify how the the probability of capture into a resonance depends on the relative migration rate of the planet and particle, and the particle's eccentricity. Resonant capture fails for high migration rates, and has decreasing probability for higher eccentricities. More massive planets can capture particles at higher eccentricities and migration rates. We also calculate libration amplitudes and the offset of the libration centres for captured particles, and the change in eccentricity if capture does not occur. Libration amplitudes are higher for larger initial eccentricity. The model allows for a complete description of a particle's behaviour as it successively encounters several resonances. We discuss implications for several scenarios: (i) Planet migration through gas discs trapping other planets or planetesimals in resonances. (ii) Planet migration through a debris disc. (iii) Dust migration through PR drag. The Hamiltonian model will allow quick interpretation of the resonant properties of extrasolar planets and Kuiper Belt Objects, and will allow synthetic images of debris disc structures to be quickly generated, which will be useful for predicting and interpreting disc images made with ALMA, Darwin/TPF or similar missions. [Abridged]
description: 19 pages, 14 figures; accepted to MNRAS
Economic evaluation of adjuvant trastuzumab therapy for HER2-positive early-stage breast cancer: systematic review and quality assessment
Creators: name: Genuino, Anne Julienne
name: Gloria, Mac Ardy Junio
name: Chaikledkaew, Usa
name: Reungwetwattana, Thanyanan
name: Thakkinstian, Ammarin
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: As the availability of new economic evaluations (EE) on adjuvant trastuzumab therapy for early-stage breast cancer (EBC) with HER2-positive since last search and other EEs missed warrant a more extensive review, this study aimed to systematically review EEs of adjuvant trastuzumab compared with chemotherapy alone for HER2-positive EBC. The search was performed in February 2019 using MEDLINE and Scopus. Reviewers independently selected studies based on eligibility criteria, extracted data, assessed quality of reporting, and appraised quality of data sources. 22 studies were included which were from high-income (HICs) and upper-middle income countries (UMICs). Incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) from HICs were within their cost-effectiveness thresholds and ranged from 6,018 to 78,929 USD per quality-adjusted life year (QALY) gained. ICERs from UMICs mostly exceeded their thresholds ranging from 3,526 to 174,901 USD per QALY gained. Evidence shows cost-effectiveness of trastuzumab for HER2-positive EBC in HICs. There were no methodological variations. The extent and adequacy of reporting were high. The quality of data sources was moderate to high. The quality of future EEs can be improved by enhancing the reporting quality, by using context-based data and real-world efficacy data, which would impact cost-effectiveness.
A spectrum of complexity uncovers Dunbar's number and other leaps in social structure
Creators: name: Saavedra, Martín
name: Mira, Jorge
name: Muñuzuri, Alberto P
name: Seoane, Luís F
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Social dynamics are shaped by each person's actions, as well as by collective trends that emerge when individuals are brought together. These latter kind of influences escape anyone's control. They are, instead, dominated by aggregate societal properties such as size, polarization, cohesion, or hierarchy. Such features add nuance and complexity to social structure, and might be present, or not, for societies of different sizes. How do societies become more complex? Are there specific scales at which they are reorganized into emergent entities? In this paper we introduce the {\em social complexity spectrum}, a methodological tool, inspired by theoretical considerations about dynamics on complex networks, that addresses these questions empirically. We use as a probe a sociolinguistic process that has unfolded over decades within the north-western Spanish region of Galicia, across populations of varied sizes. We estimate how societal complexity increases monotonously with population size; and how specific scales stand out, at which complexity would build up faster. These scales are noted as dips in our spectra, similarly to missing wavelengths in light spectroscopy. Also, `red-' and `blue-shifts' take place as the general population shifted from more rural to more urban settings. These shifts help us sharpen our observations. Besides specific results around social complexity build-up, our work introduces a powerful tool to be applied in further study cases.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures
Mechanisms of Baryon Loss for Dark Satellites in Cosmological SPH Simulations
Creators: name: Nickerson, S.
name: Stinson, G.
name: Couchman, H. M. P.
name: Bailin, J.
name: Wadsley, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a study of satellites in orbit around a high-resolution, smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) galaxy simulated in a cosmological context. The simulated galaxy is approximately the same mass as the Milky Way. The cumulative number of luminous satellites at z = 0 is similar to the observed system of satellites orbiting the Milky Way although an analysis of the satellite mass function reveals an order of magnitude more dark satellites than luminous. Some of the dark subhalos are more massive than some of the luminous subhalos at z = 0. What separates luminous and dark subhalos is not their mass at z = 0, but the maximum mass the subhalos ever achieve. We study the effect of four mass loss mechanisms on the subhalos: ultraviolet (UV) ionising radiation, ram pressure stripping, tidal stripping, and stellar feedback, and compare the impact of each of these four mechanisms on the satellites. In the lowest mass subhalos, UV is responsible for the majority of the baryonic mass loss. Ram pressure stripping removes whatever mass remains from the low mass satellites. More massive subhalos have deeper potential wells and retain more mass during reionisation. However, as satellites pass near the centre of the main halo, tidal forces cause significant mass loss from satellites of all masses. Satellites that are tidally stripped from the outside can account for the luminous satellites that are lower mass than some of the dark satellites. Stellar feedback has the greatest impact on medium mass satellites that had formed stars, but lost all their gas by z = 0. Our results demonstrate that the missing satellite problem is not an intractable issue with the cold dark matter cosmology, but is rather a manifestation of baryonic processes.
description: 15 pages, 18 figures, accepted at MNRAS
A theoretical model for tellurite-sulfates Na$_2$Cu$_5$(TeO$_3$)(SO$_4$)$_3$(OH)$_4$ and K$_2$Cu$_5$(TeO$_3$)(SO$_4$)$_3$(OH)$_4$
Creators: name: Bartolom/'e, I. L.
name: Errico, L.
name: Fernandez, V.
name: Matera, M.
name: Rebaza, A. V. Gil
name: Lamas, C. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A theoretical model for two new tellurite-sulfates, namely Na$_2$Cu$_5$(TeO$_3$)(SO$_4$)$_3$(OH)$_4$ and K$_2$Cu$_5$(TeO$_3$)(SO$_4$)$_3$ (OH)$_4$ is determined to be compatible with ab-initio calculations. The results obtained in this work show that some previous speculations in the literature about the couplings are correct, obtaining a model with a mixture of ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic couplings. We use a combination of numerical techniques to study the magnetic properties of the model. Our numerical calculations based on the density-matrix renormalization group method reveal that the system presents Ising-like magnetization plateaux at rational values of the saturation magnetization.
description: 7 pages, 8 figures
Accurate Bundle Matching and Generation via Multitask Learning with Partially Shared Parameters
Creators: name: Jeon, Hyunsik
name: Jang, Jun-Gi
name: Kim, Taehun
name: Kang, U
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: How can we recommend existing bundles to users accurately? How can we generate new tailored bundles for users? Recommending a bundle, or a group of various items, has attracted widespread attention in e-commerce owing to the increased satisfaction of both users and providers. Bundle matching and bundle generation are two representative tasks in bundle recommendation. The bundle matching task is to correctly match existing bundles to users while the bundle generation is to generate new bundles that users would prefer. Although many recent works have developed bundle recommendation models, they fail to achieve high accuracy since they do not handle heterogeneous data effectively and do not learn a method for customized bundle generation. In this paper, we propose BundleMage, an accurate approach for bundle matching and generation. BundleMage effectively mixes user preferences of items and bundles using an adaptive gate technique to achieve high accuracy for the bundle matching. BundleMage also generates a personalized bundle by learning a generation module that exploits a user preference and the characteristic of a given incomplete bundle to be completed. BundleMage further improves its performance using multi-task learning with partially shared parameters. Through extensive experiments, we show that BundleMage achieves up to 6.6% higher nDCG in bundle matching and 6.3x higher nDCG in bundle generation than the best competitors. We also provide qualitative analysis that BundleMage effectively generates bundles considering both the tastes of users and the characteristics of target bundles.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures
Efficient solutions of self-consistent mean field equations for dewetting and electrostatics in nonuniform liquids
Creators: name: Hu, Zhonghan
name: Weeks, John D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use a new configuration-based version of linear response theory to efficiently solve self-consistent mean field equations relating an effective single particle potential to the induced density. The versatility and accuracy of the method is illustrated by applications to dewetting of a hard sphere solute in a Lennard-Jones fluid, the interplay between local hydrogen bond structure and electrostatics for water confined between two hydrophobic walls, and to ion pairing in ionic solutions. Simulation time has been reduced by more than an order of magnitude over previous methods.
description: Supplementary material included at end of main paper
Discrete Bulk Reconstruction
Creators: name: Aaronson, Scott
name: Pollack, Jason
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: According to the AdS/CFT correspondence, the geometries of certain spacetimes are fully determined by quantum states that live on their boundaries -- indeed, by the von Neumann entropies of portions of those boundary states. This work investigates to what extent the geometries can be reconstructed from the entropies in polynomial time. Bouland, Fefferman, and Vazirani (2019) argued that the AdS/CFT map can be exponentially complex if one wants to reconstruct regions such as the interiors of black holes. Our main result provides a sort of converse: we show that, in the special case of a single 1D boundary, if the input data consists of a list of entropies of contiguous boundary regions, and if the entropies satisfy a single inequality called Strong Subadditivity, then we can construct a graph model for the bulk in linear time. Moreover, the bulk graph is planar, it has $O(N^2)$ vertices (the information-theoretic minimum), and it's ``universal,'' with only the edge weights depending on the specific entropies in question. From a combinatorial perspective, our problem boils down to an ``inverse'' of the famous min-cut problem: rather than being given a graph and asked to find a min-cut, here we're given the values of min-cuts separating various sets of vertices, and need to find a weighted undirected graph consistent with those values. Our solution to this problem relies on the notion of a ``bulkless'' graph, which might be of independent interest for AdS/CFT. We also make initial progress on the case of multiple 1D boundaries -- where the boundaries could be connected via wormholes -- including an upper bound of $O(N^4)$ vertices whenever a planar bulk graph exists (thus putting the problem into the complexity class $\mathsf{NP}$).
description: 41 pages, 18 figures. Comments welcomed! v2: new corollaries 2.3 and 4.5 with more explicit discussions of computability, additional references and discussion
Suzaku observation of the LINER NGC 4102
Creators: name: Gonzalez-Martin, O.
name: Papadakis, I.
name: Braito, V.
name: Masegosa, J.
name: Marquez, I.
name: Mateos, S.
name: Acosta-Pulido, J. A.
name: Martinez, M. A.
name: Ebrero, J.
name: Esquej, P.
name: O'Brien, P.
name: Tueller, J.
name: Warwick, R. S.
name: Watson, M. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Low ionisation nuclear emission-line region (LINER) nuclei have been claimed to be different than other active galactic nuclei (AGN) due to the presence of complex absorbing structures along the line-of-sight and/or an inefficient mode of accretion onto the supermassive black hole. However, this issue is still open. We have investigated the broad band X-ray spectrum of NGC 4102, one of the most luminous LINERs in the Swift/BAT survey. We studied a 80 ksec Suzaku spectrum of NGC 4102, together with archival Chandra and Swift/BAT observations. We also studied the optical (3.5m/TWIN at Calar Alto observatory) and near-infrared (WHT/LIRIS at Observatorio Roque los Muchachos) spectra that were taken contemporaneous to the Suzaku data. There is strong evidence that NGC 4102 is a Compton-thick AGN, as suggested by the Swift/BAT detected intrinsic continuum and the presence of a strong narrow, neutral FeKa emission line. We have also detected ionised FeXXV emission lines in the Suzaku spectrum of the source. NGC 4102 shows a variable soft excess found at a significantly higher flux state by the time of Suzaku observations when compared to Chandra observations. Finally, a complex structure of absorbers is seen with at least two absorbers apart from the Compton-thick one, derived from the X-ray spectral analysis and the optical extinction.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures and 3 tables. Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Identification of risk factors of 30-day readmission and 180-day in-hospital mortality, and its corresponding relative importance in patients with Ischemic heart disease: a machine learning approach
Creators: name: Okere, Arinze Nkemdirim
name: Sanogo, Vassiki
name: Alqhtani, Hussain
name: Diaby, Vakaramoko
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Background: The primary objective of this study is to identify non-laboratory predictors for 30-day hospital readmission and 180-day in-hospital mortality rates among patients hospitalized with ischemic heart disease (IHD). Research design and methods: This is a retrospective cohort study of hospitalized patients (≥ 40 years) with a primary diagnosis of IHD. Data were extracted from the Florida Agency for Health Care Administration dataset from 2006 to 2016. A machine learning approach was used to identify predictors of 30-day hospital readmission and 180-day in-hospital mortality. Results: 346,390 patient records for incident IHD cases were identified. The top two predictors of 30-day readmission were the length of stay and the Elixhauser comorbidity index for readmission [ECI] (Area Under the Curve [AUC]=88%) using decision tree algorithms. For in-hospital mortality, the top two predictors were LOS and ECI (AUC=92%) using gradient boosting regressors. The cumulative 30-day readmission and the 180-day probability of mortality rates were 9.82% and 4.6% respectively. Conclusions: Risk factors of 30-day readmission and 180-day mortality in hospitalized IHD patients identified by machine learning and their relative importance (value) will help pharmacists and other health care providers to prioritize their disease management strategies as they improve the care provided to IHD patients.