Iophon koltuni Morozov &amp; Sabirov &amp; Zimina 2019, sp. nov
Creators: name: Morozov, Grigori
name: Sabirov, Rushan
name: Zimina, Olga
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Porifera
Demospongiae
Poecilosclerida
Acarnidae
Iophon
Iophon koltuni

description: <i>Iophon koltuni</i> sp. nov (Figure 3 (a <i>–</i> d1)) <i>Iophon piceus dubius</i> Koltun 1959, p. 151 <i>–</i> 152, fig. 107; pl. XXVI, fig. 2 <i>Iophon</i> cf. <i>nigricans</i>: Dinn and Leys 2018, p. 33 <i>Material examined</i> The <i>holotype</i> was collected at the edge of the continental shelf at the central part of the Laptev Sea (76.76°N, 124.28°E), and deposited in the Edward Eversman Zoology Museum (identification number 2.2.8.443). The <i>paratype</i> was found in the east of the southern tip of Spitsbergen (75.82°N, 25.62°E). <i>Description</i> The examined fragment of sponge is massive and more or less leaf-shaped, with several poorly pronounced lobes, about 8 cm in width and 2 cm in height. Surface uneven, slightly scabrous, coarse-pored, covered with a thin dermal membrane. Disorderly scattered irregular openings (oscules) are often covered by a coarse sieve, or partly hidden by the edges of dermal membrane surrounding them. The dermal membrane (where undamaged) is pierced by numerous small roundish pores often lying in meshes. The consistence of the body is soft and compressible, but not strong in tension. Colour dark brown (in alcohol). <i>Skeleton</i> Main skeleton composed of a quite diffuse network of acanthostyles lying in bundles and disorderly scattered single spicules of the same category. Skeleton of dermal membrane consists of similar network of tylotes lying more or less tangentially. <i>Spicules</i> (Figure 3 (a <i>–</i> d1)) Acanthostyles straight or slightly curved, dimensions: 226.1 <i>–</i> 296.9 <i>–</i> 324.7 (<i>n</i> = 40) × 6.3 <i>–</i> 10.2 <i>–</i> 12.1 (<i>n</i> = 15) µm; tylotes with slightly spined ends, dimensions: 249.8 <i>–</i> 266 <i>–</i> 286.2 (<i>n</i> = 15) × 6.5 <i>–</i> 7.8 <i>–</i> 9.6 (<i>n</i> = 15) µm; palmate anisochelae, dimensions: 15.4 <i>–</i> 22.6 <i>–</i> 38.7 (<i>n</i> = 15) µm; bipocilla, dimensions: 10.4 <i>–</i> 12.85 <i>–</i> 16.9 (<i>n</i> = 30) µm. <i>Etymology</i> The species is named in honour of Vladimir M. Koltun (1921 <i>–</i> 2004) <i>–</i> an outstanding Russian zoologist and spongiologist. <i>Distribution</i> The Barents (south-east of Spitsbergen: 75.82°N, 25.62°E) and Laptev (st. O-18) seas, the Labrador Sea. Depth range: 92 <i>–</i> 141 m. <i>Remarks</i> Lundbeck (1905) in his monograph provided detailed descriptions of three representatives of the genus <i>Iophon</i> that inhabit the Nordic seas and adjacent Arctic: <i>I. piceus</i>, <i>I. dubius</i> and <i>I. frigidus</i>. Regarding the delimitation of these species, he suggested some differences mainly concerning style spination, the form of tylotes, and spicule dimensions in general, as well as the presence or absence of bipocilla. As Burton (1932) and later Koltun (1959, p. 140 <i>–</i> 150) noted, such minor differences may hardly be considered sufficient reason for species delimitation. Koltun examined 152 specimens of <i>Iophon</i> and proposed two subspecies for the Arctic seas. The first, <i>Iophon piceus piceus</i>, was identical to <i>Iophon piceum</i> (Vosmaer 1882). <i>Iophon dubium</i> (Hansen 1885) and <i>I. frigidus</i> (Lundbeck 1905) were united under the name <i>Iophon piceus dubius</i>. However, the variety of <i>Iophon piceus dubius</i> described by Koltun differed from both mentioned species. <i>I. frigidus</i> (Lundbeck 1905) is characterised by the absence of bipocilla in its skeletal composition, while in <i>I. dubius</i> (Hansen 1885) the bipocilla differed significantly in morphology (Figure 4). In the case of <i>I. p. dubius</i> the bipocilla have the identical, distinctly reduced alae, the length of which is half the size of the shaft of the spicule, and are provided with laterally arranged elongated teeth. The same distinctions from previously described <i>Iophon</i> species were mentioned for the specimens of <i>I</i>. cf. <i>nigricans</i> found in the Canadian Arctic by Curtis and Leys (2018). Thus, the validity of <i>Iophon koltuni</i> sp. nov. removed any doubts.
description: Published as part of <i>Morozov, Grigori, Sabirov, Rushan &amp; Zimina, Olga, 2019, Sponge fauna of the New Siberian Shoal: biodiversity and some features of formation, pp. 2961-2992 in Journal of Natural History 52 (47)</i> on pages 2961-2992, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2018.1554166, http://zenodo.org/record/3654165
description: {"references": ["Koltun VM. 1959. K\u0440i\u043c\u043di\u0440ogov\u044bi gubki (ivi\u0440\u043d\u044bk i da\u043b\u044c\u043divo (toc\u043d\u044bk \u043co\u0440i\u0439 CCC\u0420 [Siliceous horny sponges of the northern and fareastern seas of the U. S. S. R.]. In: Pavlovsky EN, editor. Identifiers of the USSR fauna issued by the Zoological Institute of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Vol. 67 Russian. Moscow - Leningrad: Nauka, Academy of Sciences of the USSR; p. 1 - 263", "Lundbeck W. 1905. Porifera (Part II.) Desmacidonidae (pars.). In: Hagerup H, editor. The Danish ingolf-expedition (Vol. 6 (2 )). Copenhagen: BiancoLuno; p. 1 - 219.", "Vosmaer GCJ. 1882. Report on the sponges dredged up in the Arctic Sea by the ' Willem Barents ' in the years 1878 and 1879. Niederlandisches Archiv fur Zoologie Supplement. 1 (3): 1 - 58.", "Hansen GA. 1885. Spongiadae. The Norwegian North-Atlantic Expedition 1876 - 1878. Zoology. 13: 1 - 26.", "Curtis D, Leys SP. 2018. Field guide to Sponges of the Eastern Canadian Arctic. Edmonton: University of Alberta; p. 1 - 102."]}