cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Analysis methods to localize and characterize X-ray sources with the Micro-channel X-ray Telescope on board the SVOM satellite
Creators: name: Hussein, Shaymaa
name: Robinet, Florent
name: Boutelier, Martin
name: Götz, Diego
name: Gros, Aleksandra
name: Schneider, Benjamin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: SVOM is a Sino-French space mission targeting high-energy transient astrophysical objects such as gamma-ray bursts. The soft X-ray part of the spectrum is covered by the Micro-channel X-ray Telescope (MXT) which is a narrow field telescope designed to precisely localize X-ray sources. This paper presents the method implemented on-board to characterize and localize X-ray sources with the MXT. A specific localization method was developed to accommodate the optical system of the MXT, which is based on "Lobster-Eye" grazing incidence micro-pore optics. For the first time, the algorithm takes advantage of cross-correlation techniques to achieve a localization accuracy down to 2 arcmin with less than 200 photons, which guarantees a rapid follow-up for most of the gamma-ray bursts that SVOM will observe. In this paper, we also study the limitations of the algorithm and characterize its performance.
description: Submitted to The Astrophysical Journal
Prospects for CW and LP operation of the European XFEL in hard X-ray regime
Creators: name: Brinkmann, R.
name: Schneidmiller, E. A.
name: Sekutowicz, J.
name: Yurkov, M. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The European XFEL will operate nominally at 17.5 GeV in SP (short pulse) mode with 0.65 ms long bunch train and 10 Hz repetition rate. A possible upgrade of the linac to CW (continuous wave) or LP (long pulse) modes with a corresponding reduction of electron beam energy is under discussion since many years. Recent successes in the dedicated R&D program allow to forecast a technical feasibility of such an upgrade in the foreseeable future. One of the challenges is to provide sub-Angstrom FEL operation in CW and LP modes. In this paper we perform a preliminary analysis of a possible operation of the European XFEL in the hard X-ray regime in CW and LP modes with the energies of 7 GeV and 10 GeV, respectively. We consider lasing in the baseline XFEL undulator as well as in a new undulator with a reduced period. We show that, with reasonable requirements on electron beam quality, lasing on the fundamental will be possible in sub-Angstrom regime. As an option for generation of brilliant photon beams at short wavelengths we also consider harmonic lasing that has recently attracted a significant attention.
Vacuum Arc Ion Sources
Creators: name: Brown, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The vacuum arc ion source has evolved into a more or less standard laboratory tool for the production of high-current beams of metal ions, and is now used in a number of different embodiments at many laboratories around the world. Applications include primarily ion implantation for material surface modification research, and good performance has been obtained for the injection of high-current beams of heavy-metal ions, in particular uranium, into particle accelerators. As the use of the source has grown, so also have the operational characteristics been improved in a variety of different ways. Here we review the principles, design, and performance of vacuum arc ion sources.
description: 19 pages, contribution to the CAS-CERN Accelerator School: Ion Sources, Senec, Slovakia, 29 May - 8 June 2012, edited by R. Bailey, CERN-2013-007
Projecting Presuppositions with Scalar Implicatures
Creators: name: Chemla, Emmanuel
Publisher: name: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung
Year: 2019

description: I present a system which reconciles free choice permission effect with other scalar implicatures. The core idea is to cluster together alternatives which are obtained by similar transformations of the original sentence (e.g., replacement of a given item with a stronger item). Interestingly, this system can be extended to account for presupposition projection.
description: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung, Vol 12 (2008): Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung 12
Precise perturbative predictions from fixed-order calculations
Creators: name: Yan, Jiang
name: Wu, Zhi-Fei
name: Shen, Jian-Ming
name: Wu, Xing-Gang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The intrinsic conformality is a general property of the renormalizable gauge theory, which ensures the scale-invariance of a fixed-order series at each perturbative order. Following the idea of intrinsic conformality, we suggest a novel single-scale setting approach under the principle of maximum conformality (PMC) with the purpose of removing the conventional renormalization scheme-and-scale ambiguities. We call this newly suggested single-scale procedure as the PMC$_{\infty}$-s approach, in which an overall effective $α_s$, and hence an overall effective scale is achieved by identifying the $\{β_0\}$-terms at each order. Its resultant conformal series is scale-invariant and satisfies all renormalization group requirements. The PMC$_{\infty}$-s approach is applicable to any perturbatively calculable observables, and its resultant perturbative series provides an accurate basis for estimating the contribution from the unknown higher-order (UHO) terms. Using the Higgs decays into two gluons up to five-loop QCD corrections as an example, we show how the PMC$_{\infty}$-s works, and we obtain $Γ_{\rm H}\big|_{\text{PMC}_{\infty}\text{-s}}^{\rm PAA} = 334.45^{+7.07}_{-7.03}~{\rm KeV}$ and $Γ_{\rm H}\big|_{\text{PMC}_{\infty}\text{-s}}^{\rm B.A.} = 334.45^{+6.34}_{-6.29}~{\rm KeV}$. Here the errors are squared averages of those mentioned in the body of the text. The Pad$\acute{e}$ approximation approach (PAA) and the Bayesian approach (B.A.) have been adopted to estimate the contributions from the UHO-terms. We also demonstrate that the PMC$_{\infty}$-s approach is equivalent to our previously suggested single-scale setting approach (PMCs), which also follows from the PMC but treats the $\{β_i\}$-terms from different point of view. Thus a proper using of the renormalization group equation can provide a solid way to solve the scale-setting problem.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures, to be published in J.Phys.G
Nonperturbative renormalization of the supercurrent in $\mathcal{N} = 1$ Supersymmetric Yang-Mills Theory
Creators: name: Bergner, Georg
name: Costa, Marios
name: Panagopoulos, Haralambos
name: Piemonte, Stefano
name: Soler, Ivan
name: Spanoudes, Gregoris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we study the nonperturbative renormalization of the supercurrent operator in $\mathcal{N} = 1$ Supersymmetric Yang-Mills (SYM) theory, using a gauge-invariant renormalization scheme (GIRS). The proposed prescription addresses successfully the unwanted mixing of the supercurrent with other operators of equal or lower dimension, which respect the same global symmetries. This mixing is introduced by the unavoidable breaking of supersymmetry on the lattice. In GIRS all gauge-noninvariant operators, which mix with the supercurrent, are excluded from the renormalization procedure. The one remaining mixing operator is accessible by numerical simulations. We present results for the renormalization of the supercurrent using a GIRS scheme. We also compute at one-loop order the conversion matrix which relates the nonperturbative renormalization factors in GIRS to the reference scheme $\bar{\rm MS}$.
description: 17 pages, 6 figures and 1 table
Communication Through Collisions: Opportunistic Utilization of Past Receptions
Creators: name: Vahid, Alireza
name: Maddah-Ali, Mohammad Ali
name: Avestimehr, A. Salman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: When several wireless users are sharing the spectrum, packet collision is a simple, yet widely used model for interference. Under this model, when transmitters cause interference at any of the receivers, their collided packets are discarded and need to be retransmitted. However, in reality, that receiver can still store its analog received signal and utilize it for decoding the packets in the future (for example, by successive interference cancellation techniques). In this work, we propose a physical layer model for wireless packet networks that allows for such flexibility at the receivers. We assume that the transmitters will be aware of the state of the channel (i.e. when and where collisions occur, or an unintended receiver overhears the signal) with some delay, and propose several coding opportunities that can be utilized by the transmitters to exploit the available signal at the receivers for interference management (as opposed to discarding them). We analyze the achievable throughput of our strategy in a canonical interference channel with two transmitter-receiver pairs, and demonstrate the gain over conventional schemes. By deriving an outer-bound, we also prove the optimality of our scheme for the corresponding model.
description: Accepted to IEEE INFOCOM 2014. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1301.5309
UHECR Composition Models
Creators: name: Taylor, Andrew M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In light of the increasingly heavy UHECR composition at the highest energies, as observed by the Pierre Auger Observatory, the implications of these results on the actual source composition and spectra are investigated. Depending on the maximum energy of the particles accelerated, sources producing hard spectra and/or containing a considerably enhanced heavy component appear a necessary requirement. Consideration is made of two archetypal models compatible with these results. The secondary signatures expected , following the propagation of the nuclear species from source to Earth, are determined for these two example cases. Finally, the effect introduced by the presence of nG extragalactic magnetic fields in collaboration with a large (80 Mpc) distance to the nearest source is discussed.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures. published in Astroparticle Physics (2013)
πN TDAs from charmonium production in association with a forward pion at PANDA
Creators: name: Ma, B.
name: Pire, B.
name: Semenov-Tian-Shansky, K.
name: Szymanowski, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Charmonium production in association with a forward or backward pion in nucleon-antinucleon annihilation is one of the most promising reaction to access nucleon-to-pion transition distribution amplitudes (TDAs) at PANDA. We briefly review the description of this reaction in terms of πN TDAs within the collinear factorization approach and present the first results of dedicated feasibility studies for the PANDA experimental setup.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, contribution to the proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Meson-Nucleon Physics and the Structure of the Nucleon (MENU 2013), Rome, September 30 - October 4, 2013
Two Types of Definites: Evidence for Presupposition Cost
Creators: name: Burkhardt, Petra
Publisher: name: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung
Year: 2019

description: This paper investigates the notion of definiteness from a psycholinguistic perspective and addresses Löbner’s (1987) distinction between semantic and pragmatic definites. To this end inherently definite noun phrases, proper names, and indexicals are investigated as instances of (relatively) rigid designators (i.e. semantic definites) and contrasted with definite noun phrases and third person pronouns that are contingent on context to unambiguously determine their reference (i.e. pragmatic definites). Electrophysiological data provide support for this distinction and further substantiate the claim that proper names differ from definite descriptions. These findings suggest that certain expressions carry a feature of inherent definiteness, which facilitates their discourse integration (i.e. semantic definites), while others rely on the establishment of a relation with prior information, which results in processing cost.
description: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung, Vol 12 (2008): Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung 12
TransformAr Technical sheets of the pilot activities in Oristano demonstrator
Creators: name: Mediterranean Sea and Coast Foundation (MEDSEA)
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Smart sensors
subject: Climatic changes
subject: Water management
subject: Agriculture, forestry, and fisheries
subject: Coastal ecosystems
subject: Nature Based Solution
subject: Wetland
subject: Flood risk management
subject: water quality

description: The project regards the development of a Nature Base Solution for restoring the wetlands of Marceddì and San Giovanni in Terralba (Oristano), located in the west coast of Sardinia (Italy). In particular, it tests a prototype of a smart gate with an automatic and remote control to regulate the water circulation into the lagoon, and an innovative water monitoring system based on multiparameters sensors to improve environmental knowledge and plan appropriate adaptation actions to extreme climate events.

The pilot activity is developed under the coordination of the MEDSEA Foundation. 

The three technical sheets regard: 

current geomorphological and environmental status

project description 

monitoring network and details of IT platform and conceptual model that regulates the Smart Gate opening system
Uniqueness Effects in Correlatives
Creators: name: Brasoveanu, Adrian
Publisher: name: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung
Year: 2019

description: The paper argues that the variability of the uniqueness effects exhibited by Hindi and Romanian correlatives is due to their mixed referential and quantificational nature. The account involves an articulated notion of quantification, independently motivated by donkey anaphora and quantificational subordination and consisting of both (discourse) referential components and non-referential components (dynamic operators over plural info states). The variable uniqueness effects emerge out of the interaction between: (i) the semantics of wh-indefinites, singular anaphors and habitual morphology and (ii) the pragmatics of quantification, which allows for the selection of different levels of 'zoom-in' on the quantified-over objects.
description: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung, Vol 12 (2008): Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung 12
A Physician-Scientist a Day Keeps the Bench-to-Bedside Gap Away: A Prescription for the Future Integration of Research and Healthcare
Creators: name: Brena, David
name: Liliia Demianenko
name: Pires-Ramos, Luiza
name: Alhady, Omar
name: Fikir Asfaw
name: Visocnik, Nina
name: Sonne-Hansen, Katrine
name: Vandermarliere, Elien
name: Chamoun-Morel, Zeina
name: Joao Vilhena
name: Van Luenen, Henri
name: Herzig, Michaela
name: Moita, Luís Ferreira
name: Bertero, Michela
name: Calbó, Joaquim
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Emerald Project
Precision Medicine
Physician-scientists

description: A Physician-Scientist a Day Keeps the Bench-to-Bedside Gap Away: A Prescription for the Future Integration of Research and Healthcare
Does Zero-Shot Reinforcement Learning Exist?
Creators: name: Touati, Ahmed
name: Rapin, Jérémy
name: Ollivier, Yann
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A zero-shot RL agent is an agent that can solve any RL task in a given environment, instantly with no additional planning or learning, after an initial reward-free learning phase. This marks a shift from the reward-centric RL paradigm towards "controllable" agents that can follow arbitrary instructions in an environment. Current RL agents can solve families of related tasks at best, or require planning anew for each task. Strategies for approximate zero-shot RL ave been suggested using successor features (SFs) [BBQ+ 18] or forward-backward (FB) representations [TO21], but testing has been limited. After clarifying the relationships between these schemes, we introduce improved losses and new SF models, and test the viability of zero-shot RL schemes systematically on tasks from the Unsupervised RL benchmark [LYL+21]. To disentangle universal representation learning from exploration, we work in an offline setting and repeat the tests on several existing replay buffers. SFs appear to suffer from the choice of the elementary state features. SFs with Laplacian eigenfunctions do well, while SFs based on auto-encoders, inverse curiosity, transition models, low-rank transition matrix, contrastive learning, or diversity (APS), perform unconsistently. In contrast, FB representations jointly learn the elementary and successor features from a single, principled criterion. They perform best and consistently across the board, reaching 85% of supervised RL performance with a good replay buffer, in a zero-shot manner.
Radioactive Ion Sources
Creators: name: Stora, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This chapter provides an overview of the basic requirements for ion sources designed and operated in radioactive ion beam facilities. The facilities where these sources are operated exploit the isotope separation online (ISOL) technique, in which a target is combined with an ion source to maximize the secondary beam intensity and chemical element selectivity. Three main classes of sources are operated, namely surface-type ion sources, arc discharge-type ion sources, and finally radio-frequency-heated plasma-type ion sources.
description: 19 pages, contribution to the CAS-CERN Accelerator School: Ion Sources, Senec, Slovakia, 29 May - 8 June 2012, edited by R. Bailey, CERN-2013-007
Primordial black holes and gravitational waves from nonminimally coupled supergravity inflation
Creators: name: Kawai, Shinsuke
name: Kim, Jinsu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the formation of primordial black holes and the generation of gravitational waves in a class of cosmological models that are direct supersymmetric analogs of the observationally favored nonminimally coupled Higgs inflation model. It is known that this type of model naturally includes multiple scalar fields which may be regarded as the inflaton. For the sake of simplicity we focus on the case where the inflaton field space is two dimensional. We analyze the multifield dynamics and find the region of parameters that gives copious production of primordial black holes that may comprise a significant part of the present dark matter abundance. We also compute the spectrum of the gravitational waves and discuss their detectability by means of future ground-based and space-borne gravitational wave observatories.
description: v1: 13 pages; v2: 14 pages, analysis improved, references updated, version accepted for publication in PRD
Identification of Structural Model for Chaotic Systems
Creators: name: Nikulchev, Evgeny
name: Kozlov, Oleg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This article is talking about the study constructive method of structural identification systems with chaotic dynamics. It is shown that the reconstructed attractors are a source of information not only about the dynamics but also on the basis of the attractors which can be identified and the mere sight of models. It is known that the knowledge of the symmetry group allows you to specify the form of a minimal system. Forming a group transformation can be found in the recon-structed attractor. The affine system as the basic model is selected. Type of a nonlinear system is the subject of calcula-tions. A theoretical analysis is performed and proof of the possibility of constructing models in the central invariant manifold reduced. This developed algorithm for determining the observed symmetry in the attractor. The results of identification used in real systems are an application.
Dislocating NPs to the Right: Anything Goes? Semantic and Pragmatic Constraints
Creators: name: Averintseva-Klisch, Maria
name: Buecking, Sebastian
Publisher: name: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung
Year: 2019

description: In our paper we investigate the semantics and pragmatics of the NP-right dislocation (RD) in German, concentrating in particular on the conditions under which dislocation is possible. We argue that semantic properties of the NP are relevant for the possibility of having an NP dislocated: it has to have a type denotation. This requirement allows particular definite NPs as well as kind-referring terms and excludes quantified NPs. We propose a semantic account of RD in terms of ‘separate performatives’ thereby explaining the distributional facts. Furthermore, we show how the function of RD as a discourse topic marker endorses the requirement of the type denotation for the RD-NP.
description: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung, Vol 12 (2008): Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung 12
On the Role of Past Tense in Resolving Similarity in Counterfactuals
Creators: name: Arregui, Ana
Publisher: name: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung
Year: 2019

description: In this paper I investigate the semantics of counterfactual conditionals. I propose a generalized de re analysis according to which counterfactuals are predicated de re of situations in the actual world. I compare the resulting local view of similarity with the global view found in Lewis-Stalnaker style proposals, presenting arguments in favor of the former. In the de re analysis, past tense identifies the actual world situation the counterfactual is about.
description: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung, Vol 12 (2008): Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung 12
Quantum scissors - finite-dimensional states engineering
Creators: name: Leoński, W.
name: Kowalewska-Kudłaszyk, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This work discusses quantum states defined in a finite-dimensional Hilbert space. In particular, after the presentation of some of them and their basic properties the work concentrates on the group of the quantum optical models that can be referred to as \textit{quantum optical scissors}. Such "devices" can generate on their outputs states that are finite-dimensional, and simultaneously use for such preparation quantum states that are defined in the infinity-dimensional space. The work concentrates on two groups of models: the first one, comprising linear elements and the second one -- models for which optical, Kerr-like nonlinear elements were applied.
description: Review paper concerning states defined in finite-dimensional Hilbert space. Various methods of generation of such states are also discussed. This is a manuscript of the article published in Progress in Optics
A Semantic Analysis of Negative Islands with Manner Questions
Creators: name: Abrusán, Márta
Publisher: name: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung
Year: 2019

description: Dayal (1996) has proposed that a question presupposes that it has a most informative true answer. In this paper I argue that the reason for the unacceptability of negative manner questions is that this requirement can never be met in the case of these questions. This is because the domain of manners contains atoms that are not independent from each other: contraries. Therefore the truth of an (atomic) proposition in the Hamblin denotation of such questions has consequences for the truth of other atomic propositions. This state of affairs in the case of negative questions results in a situation in which it is not possible to select a maximal answer.
description: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung, Vol 12 (2008): Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung 12
Update on novel antipsychotics and pharmacological strategies for treatment-resistant schizophrenia
Creators: name: de Bartolomeis, Andrea
name: Ciccarelli, Mariateresa
name: Vellucci, Licia
name: Fornaro, Michele
name: Iasevoli, Felice
name: Barone, Annarita
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases

description: Treatment resistant schizophrenia (TRS), the lack of response to at least two antipsychotics administered at adequate dose and duration, epitomizes in psychiatry one of the most difficult-to-treat pathologies, epidemiologically relevant (affecting one-third of schizophrenia patients) and with severe consequences for the patients in terms of overall functioning. After 50 years, only one drug is approved for TRS: clozapine. Furthermore, a few patients do not respond even to clozapine and are indicated as clozapine-resistant patients. In this review and expert opinion, we have critically appraised the current literature, discussing the role of old and new agents in treating resistant schizophrenia. The search for therapy against TRS, beyond clozapine or in addition to clozapine, has emerged over time, capturing mainly three types of strategies: 1. Add-on of a second-generation antipsychotic (i.e. amisulpride); 2. Add-on of a second antipsychotic with significantly different receptor profile compared to the older ones (e.g. aripiprazole and cariprazine); 3. Novel strategies beyond dopamine D2/D3 receptor occupancy (e.g. xanomeline + trospium, TAAR1-agonists, sodium benzoate, and D-amino acids). More high-quality clinical trials applying the current operationalized criteria for TRS and clozapine-resistance are required to evaluate the efficacy of alternative and add-on treatments.
Comparatives Combined with Additive Particles: The Case of German 'noch'
Creators: name: Umbach, Carla
Publisher: name: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung
Year: 2019

description: This paper investigates comparatives combined with the German particle noch ('still'). Such comparatives trigger – in some but not all contexts – the entailment that the comparison base exceeds the standard of the comparison class, which is surprising since comparatives in general are assumed to be insensitive to the standard of the comparison class. It is shown that the entailment results from the fact that comparatives combined with noch are anaphoric. An interpretation is proposed which accounts for the fact that comparative noch is both scalar and additive.
description: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung, Vol 13 No 2 (2009): Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung 13
Beam Diagnostics
Creators: name: Raich, U.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As soon as the first particles emerge from an ion source, the source characteristics need to be determined. The total beam intensity, the transverse particle distributions, the beam divergence and emittance as well as the longitudinal parameters of the beam must be measured. This chapter provides an overview of typical measurement methods and the instruments used, and shows the results obtained.
description: 12 pages, contribution to the CAS-CERN Accelerator School: Ion Sources, Senec, Slovakia, 29 May - 8 June 2012, edited by R. Bailey, CERN-2013-007
Effect of Landownership by Women on Household Food Security in Benin
Creators: name: Tossou, Judith Urielle
name: Tossou, Judith Urielle
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Farm Management
subject: Financial Economics
subject: Benin
subject: food security
subject: landownership
subject: women

description: This research examined the effect of landownership by women on household food security in Benin. This research aims also to determine factors that influence women ownership of land in Benin. The data used comes from the Global Analysis of Vulnerability and Food Security survey (AGVSA, 2017), endogenous switching regression is used. The results estimated reveal a positive and significant effect of women's landownership on household food security. The results reveal also that the factors that significantly and positively influence women land ownership are age, level of education (none), household size, agricultural empowerment index, access to credit and status of dwelling place (family property). The results point to the very important role of landownership by women in solving food insecurity in rural Benin.
Counterfactuality and Future Time Reference: The Case of Paraguayan Guarany´ı –'mo’˜a'
Creators: name: Tonhauser, Judith
Publisher: name: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung
Year: 2019

description: Paraguayan Guaran´ı has a verbal suffix –mo’˜a that realizes future time reference in one type of clause and counterfactuality in another. This paper explores the truthconditional semantics of –mo’˜a in the two types of clauses and identifies parallels and differences between counterfactual and future time interpretation. The paper concludes by discussing the feasibility of a unified analysis of –mo’˜a.
description: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung, Vol 13 No 2 (2009): Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung 13
'Maximize Presupposition!' and Informationally Encapsulated Implicatures
Creators: name: Singh, Raj
Publisher: name: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung
Year: 2019

description: Heim’s (1991) Maximize Presupposition! (henceforth MP) states, roughly, that given two contextually equivalent alternatives, speakers must use that alternative whose presuppositions are stronger and happen to be met in the context of use. Given our common knowledge that there is exactly one sun, for example, the principle accounts for why # A sun is shining is such an odd sentence; the speaker should have used The sun is shining instead. The principle is technically sound, and fully predictive. The puzzle facing us is a conceptual one: why should language use be constrained by such a principle? The goal of this paper is to explore the extent to which MP might be reduced to more general principles. More specifically, my goal is to explore the extent to which MP might be reducible to the theory of scalar implicature. Heim (1991) suggested a way to derive MP effects from implicature reasoning, but concluded that the contextdependence of this reasoning prevented the reduction from succeeding. In response to this, Magri (To Appear) noted that if the system that computes implicatures can be prevented from accessing contextual information, Heim’s derivation can go through unencumbered. However, even with modularity assumptions in place, Magri argued (from new data that he discovered) that the reduction is not possible, concluding that a separate principle will be needed. I will attempt to defend the reduction against these objections.
description: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung, Vol 13 No 2 (2009): Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung 13
Configuration of the global magnetic field in AGN parsec-scale jets
Creators: name: Butuzova, Marina S.
name: Pushkarev, Alexander B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The magnetic field plays a significant role in the phenomenon of highly collimated jets of active galactic nuclei (AGN). Relativistic effects prevent the direct reconstruction of the magnetic field direction as transverse to electric vectors on radio maps. We determined the topology of the B-field by modeling the transverse distributions of the total and linearly polarized intensity, polarization degree, and deviation of the polarization direction from the local jet axis and by further comparison with observational data. We consider (i) a helical field with a different twist angle; (ii) a toroidal field on the jet axis surrounded by a sheath with a longitudinal field. In the latter scenario, we consider different sheath thickness relative to the spine. We assumed the sheath velocity is equal to or less than that of the spine. The relativistic effects have been considered for a general case, under which the axis and velocity vector of the jet and radial directions do not coincide. Our simulations reproduce the main features of the observed transverse profiles of polarization characteristics in parsec-scale AGN jets. The model transverse distribution shapes of the polarization properties are found to be strongly influenced by kinematic and geometric parameters of an outflow. We demonstrated it for three AGNs having different but typical polarization patterns revealed on radio maps. For each of these objects, we identified the model parameters, which provide a qualitative correspondence of theoretical profiles with those obtained from observations, indicating that the B-field is strongly ordered on parsec scales.
description: Accepted to MNRAS. 16 pages, 11 figures, 3 tables
On the Temporal Use of the Focus Particle 'gerade'
Creators: name: Schaden, Gerhard
name: Tovena, Lucia M.
Publisher: name: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung
Year: 2019

description: In this paper, we demonstrate that the analysis for the non-temporal uses of the German particle gerade developed in Schaden & Tovena (2008) applies to the temporal use of the particle as well. We also show that the non-temporal uses of gerade display a conventional association with focus (cf. Beaver & Clark (2007)), and explore the hypothesis that the same type of focus dependency is at stake with the temporal use, namely the ‘progressive’ and the ‘immediate anteriority’ readings. These readings are analysed as cases of association with Aspect-Phrase and Perfect-Phrase, respectively.
description: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung, Vol 13 No 2 (2009): Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung 13
Multiple Andreev Reflections Spectroscopy of Superconducting LiFeAs Single Crystals: Anisotropy and Temperature Behavior of the Order Parameters
Creators: name: Kuzmichev, S. A.
name: Kuzmicheva, T. E.
name: Boltalin, A. I.
name: Morozov, I. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The superconducting state of LiFeAs single crystals with the maximum critical temperature $T_c\,\approx\,17\,K$ in the 111 family has been studied in detail by multiple Andreev reflections (MAR) spectroscopy implemented by the break-junction technique. The three superconducting gaps, $Δ_Γ\,= (5.1-6.5)\,meV$, $Δ_L\,= (3.8-4.8)\,meV$, and $Δ_S\,= (0.9-1.9)\,meV$ (at $T\,<
description: 20 pages, 7 figures (draft)
Offloading electromagnetic shower transport to GPUs
Creators: name: Amadio, G.
name: Apostolakis, J.
name: Buncic, P.
name: Cosmo, G.
name: Dosaru, D.
name: Gheata, A.
name: Hageboeck, S.
name: Hahnfeld, J.
name: Hodgkinson, M.
name: Morgan, B.
name: Novak, M.
name: Petre, A. A.
name: Pokorski, W.
name: Ribon, A.
name: Stewart, G. A.
name: Vila, P. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: I.6.8

description: Making general particle transport simulation for high-energy physics (HEP) single-instruction-multiple-thread (SIMT) friendly, to take advantage of accelerator hardware, is an important alternative for boosting the throughput of simulation applications. To date, this challenge is not yet resolved, due to difficulties in mapping the complexity of Geant4 components and workflow to the massive parallelism features exposed by graphics processing units (GPU). The AdePT project is one of the R\&D initiatives tackling this limitation and exploring GPUs as potential accelerators for offloading some part of the CPU simulation workload. Our main target is to implement a complete electromagnetic shower demonstrator working on the GPU. The project is the first to create a full prototype of a realistic electron, positron, and gamma electromagnetic shower simulation on GPU, implemented as either a standalone application or as an extension of the standard Geant4 CPU workflow. Our prototype currently provides a platform to explore many optimisations and different approaches. We present the most recent results and initial conclusions of our work, using both a standalone GPU performance analysis and a first implementation of a hybrid workflow based on Geant4 on the CPU and AdePT on the GPU.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures, 20th International Workshop on Advanced Computing and Analysis Techniques in Physics Research (ACAT 2021), to be published in Journal of Physics: Conference Series, editor Andrei Gheata
Diamond-like carbon coatings for cryogenic operation of particle detectors
Creators: name: Leardini, Sara
name: Zhou, Yi
name: Tesi, Andrea
name: Morales, Miguel
name: González-Díaz, Diego
name: Breskin, Amos
name: Bressler, Shikma
name: Moleri, Luca
name: Peskov, Vladimir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Characterization of diamond-like carbon (DLC) coatings at cryogenic temperatures (down to 77 K) is presented, covering the electrical resistivity range of practical interest to gaseous and liquid particle instrumentation: 10^-1-10^5 Mohm/sq. The good behaviour observed in terms of linearity, surface uniformity and stability with time and transported charge add to other well-known characteristics like low chemical reactivity and tolerance to radiation. The observed temperature dependence and stability of electrical properties with transported charge is consistent with a conductivity mechanism based on 2-dimensional variable-range electron hopping, as expected for the surface conductivity of thin films made from amorphous carbon. First results from a resistive-protected WELL detector ('RWELL') built with DLC and operated close to the liquid-vapor coexistence point of argon (87.5 K at 1 bar) are presented.
description: 22 pages, 14 figures
Vagueness in Degree Constructions
Creators: name: Sassoon, Galit Weidman
Publisher: name: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung
Year: 2019

description: This paper presents a novel semantic analysis of unit names and gradable adjectives, inspired by measurement theory (Krantz et al 1971). Based on measurement theory's typology of measures, I claim that different predicates are associated with different types of measures whose special characteristics, together with features of the relations denoted by unit names, explain the puzzling limited distribution of measure phrases.
description: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung, Vol 13 No 2 (2009): Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung 13
On Reading-Dependent Licensing of Strong Negative Polarity Items
Creators: name: Sailer, Manfred
Publisher: name: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung
Year: 2019

description: I address two sets of data in which the acceptability of strong negative polarity items (lift a finger, so much as) is reading dependent: (i) Strong NPIs may occur in sentences with a law-like interpretation but not in sentences with an episodic interpretation. (ii) They improve in the restrictor of a proportional determiner even if ungrammatical in the restrictor of a corresponding cardinal determiner. These data are problematic for entailment-based and pragmatic approaches to NPI licensing. I propose an account based on Discourse Representation Theory (DRT). The differences are captured using DRT’s representation of proportional determiners as duplex conditions and by the explicit integration of presuppositions into semantic representations.
description: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung, Vol 13 No 2 (2009): Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung 13
Quantum scar affecting the motion of three interacting particles in a circular trap
Creators: name: Papoular, D. J.
name: Zumer, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically propose a quantum scar affecting the motion of three interacting particles in a circular trap. We numerically calculate the quantum eigenstates of the system and show that some of them are scarred by a classically unstable periodic trajectory, in the vicinity of which the classical analog exhibits chaos. The few-body scar we consider is stabilized by quantum mechanics, and we analyze it along the lines of the original quantum scarring mechanism [Heller, Phys. Rev. Lett. 53, 1515 (1984)]. In particular, we identify towers of scarred quantum states which we fully explain in terms of the unstable classical trajectory underlying the scar. Our proposal is within experimental reach owing to very recent advances in Rydberg atom trapping.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures, 1 table
Harmony and folklore: the function of the forest in Middle Earth
Creators: name: Delfendahl, Niamh Alice Rose
Publisher: name: Macquarie University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Other education not elsewhere classified

description: Much of J.R.R. Tolkien’s The Lord of the Rings, is taken up with the natural world, paying significant attention to the trees. The forests of Middle Earth are given a clear consciousness and personality, often reacting violently to those who cross or violate their borders. Tolkien’s ideology has been defined by scholars as neo-medieval and conservative, meaning Tolkien used the Middle Ages to criticise modernity and offer a nostalgic vision of a medieval past. What scholars have not considered are the connections between the forest imagery in Middle Earth and how these can help reveal Tolkien’s conservative, neo-medieval ideology. This thesis will consider how Tolkien’s approach to nature in his texts was shaped by his relationship to two changing time periods: Victorian England and post-war twentieth century England. I will argue that forests in Middle Earth are a reimagining of a 'lost' England, juxtaposed against Tolkien’s critique of an industrialising and modernising world. The recreation of a ‘lost’ England required a reconnection with nature that had been lost amongst industrialisation. Tolkien’s belief that the world had experienced a disenchantment with nature inspired the shaping of his forest worlds in order to inspire a reenchantment. In creating living, breathing forests Tolkien incorporated elements of the Celtic Otherworld and Gothic visions of the forest to reaffirm his nationalist and environmental goals in creating Middle Earth. This topic will be analysed through a close reading of the texts to track how forests function within the medievalism of Victorian England, and the changing medievalism of the twentieth century. The incorporation of the Celtic Otherworld worked to reenchant the world with nature to fit Tolkien’s vision. By reading the texts in such a way this thesis aims to uncover new understandings of the contemporary conservativism that shaped the most successful fantasy series of all time.
Key Techniques of Cultivation of Stropharia rugosoannulata
Creators: name: ZHU, Senlin
name: ZHANG, Qinyu
name: CHEN, Bo
name: WANG, Xiaomin
name: ZHANG, Bangxi
name: ZHU, Senlin
name: ZHANG, Qinyu
name: CHEN, Bo
name: WANG, Xiaomin
name: ZHANG, Bangxi
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Stropharia rugosoannulata; Cultivation conditions; Cultivation mode; Cultivation techniques

description: Stropharia rugosoannulata is a straw rotting edible fungus that has developed rapidly in recent years. In the process of cultivation, key technologies have a huge impact on its yield. The key techniques for the cultivation conditions and modes of S. rugosoannulata were summerized to promote the realization of stable and high yield of S. rugosoannulata.
Briefing on the development process of the Mussuel Raft Monitoring (MRM) solution and results
Creators: name: Gonzalez Liaño Ignacio
name: Mendez Eva
name: Simoes Cristian
name: Piedracoba Varela Silvia
name: Almecija Clara
name: Vázquez Marta
name: Garrido Soledad
name: Álvarez Pablo
name: Soto, Amaya
name: Fraga, Lucia
name: Torres López, Silvia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: This report describes the design, installation and testing of an IoT solution for mussel rafts monitoring  (MRM) in the Ría de Arousa (Arousa Estuary) in Galicia. This technological solution, developed by the Marine Technologies Unit of  CETMAR , aims to provide real-time information through an IoT solution to facilitate decision-making for mussel producers in Galicia, ultimately aiming to transform the sector and help it adapt to the detected environmental changes linked to climate change and other anthropogenic pressures.

 

The MRM has also potential applications in other blue sectors and regions facing similar challenges. Through the continuous collection of information, this initiative will facilitate changes in practices and the development of adaptation measures, helping to mitigate operational risks and improve the resilience of blue economy activities.
German 'her, hin, hin- und her', and 'herum': Meaning and Justification of Direction and Change of Direction in Perceptual Space
Creators: name: Roßdeutscher, Antje
Publisher: name: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung
Year: 2019

description: The paper presents a case study in the compositionality of particle-motion-verbs. Part of the investigation is the interaction between indexical elements contributed by hin- (there, thither) vs. her- (here, hither) and the deictic motion verbs kommen (come) vs. gehen (go). The investigation will lead to a distinction between the notion indexical in the sense of ’direct reference to the utterance situation’ on the one hand and ’perspectival’ as an attitudinal notion on the other. Both dimensions of context dependency are formalised in DRT-based lexical entries applied in a construction algorithm for multiple presupposition construction along syntactically driven principles. These principles are also shown operative in hin- und her-α and herum-α–descriptions of motion, both lacking reference to the utterance situation. The latter phenomenon is due to a general principle of self-location.
description: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung, Vol 13 No 2 (2009): Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung 13
'De Re/De Dicto' Ambiguity and Presupposition Projection
Creators: name: Romoli, Jacopo
name: Sudo, Yasutada
Publisher: name: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung
Year: 2019

description: The purpose of this paper is to compare three existing theories of de re/de dicto ambiguity: (i) the scope theory, (ii) the intensional variable theory and (iii) the presupposition projection theory. We will conclude that the presupposition projection theory is the conceptually most desirable among these, although all three are expressive enough to describe the data. In particular, we will present novel data suggesting that the intensional variable theory is too expressive and hence lacks explanatory power.
description: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung, Vol 13 No 2 (2009): Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung 13