cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Construction of metal-organic framework-based ion channels for fast and selective ion transport
Creators: name: XINGYA LI
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 90404 Membrane and Separation Technologies
subject: FOS: Chemical engineering

description: While biological ion channels display ultrahigh ion conductivity and selectivity, designing synthetic analogues remains a great challenge. The thesis investigates metal-organic frameworks with specific ion binding sites and sub-1-nanometer channels. It discovers high ion conductivity and selectivity in such porous materials, and provides new strategies for developing advanced membranes for energy-efficient separation and high-efficiency energy conversion.
The cooperative Lamb shift in an atomic nanolayer
Creators: name: Keaveney, James
name: Sargsyan, Armen
name: Krohn, Ulrich
name: Hughes, Ifan G.
name: Sarkisyan, David
name: Adams, Charles S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an experimental measurement of the cooperative Lamb shift and the Lorentz shift using an atomic nanolayer with tunable thickness and atomic density. The cooperative Lamb shift arises due to the exchange of virtual photons between identical atoms. The interference between the forward and backward propagating virtual fields is confirmed by the thickness dependence of the shift which has a spatial frequency equal to $2k$, i.e. twice that of the optical field. The demonstration of cooperative interactions in an easily scalable system opens the door to a new domain for non-linear optics.
description: James Keaveney, Armen Sargsyan, Ulrich Krohn, Ifan G. Hughes, David Sarkisyan, Charles S. Adams
Measurability of the tidal polarizability of neutron stars in late-inspiral gravitational-wave signals
Creators: name: Damour, Thibault
name: Nagar, Alessandro
name: Villain, Loic
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The gravitational wave signal from a binary neutron star inspiral contains information on the nuclear equation of state. This information is contained in a combination of the tidal polarizability parameters of the two neutron stars and is clearest in the late inspiral, just before merger. We use the recently defined tidal extension of the effective one-body formalism to construct a controlled analytical description of the frequency-domain phasing of neutron star inspirals up to merger. Exploiting this analytical description we find that the tidal polarizability parameters of neutron stars can be measured by the advanced LIGO-Virgo detector network from gravitational wave signals having a reasonable signal-to-noise ratio of $ρ=16$. This measurability result seems to hold for all the nuclear equations of state leading to a maximum mass larger than $1.97M_\odot$. We also propose a promising new way of extracting information on the nuclear equation of state from a coherent analysis of an ensemble of gravitational wave observations of separate binary merger events.
description: 28 pages, 6 figures. Submitted to Phys. Rev. D
Optimization of Processed Cheese Manufacture and Fortification Methodologies for Improved Sensorial and Functional Properties
Creators: name: GRACE LOUISE TALBOT-WALSH
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 90802 Food Engineering
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies

description: This work provides new knowledge to the dairy research and manufacturing industries by first ascribing the changes in molecular chemistry, which occur between the main components of processed cheese, to common product defects and secondly by providing mitigation strategies through a variety of process engineering methodologies. This work also contributes to the existing knowledge around increasing the health benefits of processed cheese by reducing the main causes behind its perceived unhealthiness and through the introduction of value-added components including but not limited to vitamins and probiotics.
Generation of squeezed light in a nonlinear asymmetric directional coupler
Creators: name: El-Orany, Faisal A. A.
name: Perina, J.
name: Abdalla, M. Sebawe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that a nonlinear asymmetric directional coupler composed of a linear waveguide and a nonlinear waveguide operating by nondegenerate parametric amplification is an effective source of single-mode squeezed light. This is has been demonstrated, under certain conditions and for specific modes, for incident coherent beams in terms of the quasiprobability functions, photon-number distribution and phase distribution.
description: 19 pages, 5 figures
A conjugate gradient algorithm for the astrometric core solution of Gaia
Creators: name: Bombrun, Alex
name: Lindegren, Lennart
name: Hobbs, David
name: Holl, Berry
name: Lammers, Uwe
name: Bastian, Ulrich
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ESA space astrometry mission Gaia, planned to be launched in 2013, has been designed to make angular measurements on a global scale with micro-arcsecond accuracy. A key component of the data processing for Gaia is the astrometric core solution, which must implement an efficient and accurate numerical algorithm to solve the resulting, extremely large least-squares problem. The Astrometric Global Iterative Solution (AGIS) is a framework that allows to implement a range of different iterative solution schemes suitable for a scanning astrometric satellite. In order to find a computationally efficient and numerically accurate iteration scheme for the astrometric solution, compatible with the AGIS framework, we study an adaptation of the classical conjugate gradient (CG) algorithm, and compare it to the so-called simple iteration (SI) scheme that was previously known to converge for this problem, although very slowly. The different schemes are implemented within a software test bed for AGIS known as AGISLab, which allows to define, simulate and study scaled astrometric core solutions. After successful testing in AGISLab, the CG scheme has been implemented also in AGIS. The two algorithms CG and SI eventually converge to identical solutions, to within the numerical noise (of the order of 0.00001 micro-arcsec). These solutions are independent of the starting values (initial star catalogue), and we conclude that they are equivalent to a rigorous least-squares estimation of the astrometric parameters. The CG scheme converges up to a factor four faster than SI in the tested cases, and in particular spatially correlated truncation errors are much more efficiently damped out with the CG scheme.
description: 24 pages, 16 figures. Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Bio-inspired nanochannel membranes for smart mass transport and conversion
Creators: name: CHEN ZHAO
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 100708 Nanomaterials
subject: FOS: Nanotechnology

description: Artificial nanochannel membranes (ANMs) are a promising platform for mimicking smart mass transport and conversion in biological cell membranes. The thesis focuses on developing ANMs to address the limitation of mass transport and conversion in three areas. First, self-gating ANMs rendering continuous and periodic ion current oscillation are developed, showing great promise for controlled release. Then, ion current rectification inversion phenomenon is discovered in positively charged ANMs, revealing a potential impact of ferricyanides on biosensing. Last, catalytic ANMs with novel configuration and interfacial catalysis are fabricated by in situ coordination reaction between cerium ion and trimesic acid.
Mean spherical approximation for the Lennard-Jones-like two Yukawa model: Comparison against Monte Carlo data
Creators: name: Krejcí, J.
name: Nezbeda, I.
name: Melnyk, R.
name: Trokhymchuk, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Monte Carlo simulation studies are performed for the Lennard-Jones like two Yukawa (LJ2Y) potential to show how properties of this model fluid depend on the replacement of the soft repulsion by the hard-core repulsion. Different distances for the positioning of hard core have been explored. We have found, that for temperatures that are slightly lower and slightly higher of the critical point temperature for the Lennard-Jones fluid, placing the hard core at distances that are shorter than zero-potential energy is well justified by thermodynamic properties that are practically the same as in original LJ2Y model without hard core. However, going to extreme conditions with the high temperature one should be careful since presence of the hard core provokes changes in the properties of the system. The later is extremely important when the mean spherical approximation (MSA) theory is applied to treat the Lennard-Jones-like fluid.
description: 11 pages, 13 figures
Indicators of effectiveness in community-based marine protected areas
Creators: name: Pajaro, Marivic Gosamo
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Despite an expansion of marine protected areas (MPAs), a big gap exists in monitoring and evaluating their effectiveness. In less developed countries such as the Philippines, community-based (CB) MPAs have flourished. This thesis focused on exploring how local communities identify indicators of MPA effectiveness and subsequently monitor and evaluate an MPA. I first examined the process of MPA policy development, and found that global targets may be unknown or meaningless to local communities because of limited localization of international and national policies. In response, I recommend the participation of legitimate multi-level representatives from a network of alliances that can effectively act to harmonize MPA policies. With the active engagement of communities in the central Philippines, I identified sets of indicators and criteria for evaluating CBMPA effectiveness and found they change over time as MPAs and local conditions evolved, e.g., communities associated with younger MPAs preferred the input and output types of indicators while those associated with older MPAs preferred outcome indicators. Changes in community expectations as the MPAs evolve also influenced the criteria for evaluation. Analyses of community indicator development, monitoring and evaluation processes indicated that the strongest determinant of participation was social association among the residents. The highest participation levels were recorded for men and youth. The suite of indicators used did not detect changes in the CBMPAs over two years of tracking. However, the monitoring process resulted in a shift from passive to active participation. During monitoring, community volunteers collected socio-economic data more easily than both enforcement and ecological data in terms of cost, time, skills and social fit. Standardized monitoring and evaluation can be sustained through legislation and institutionalization of management bodies. Also, CBMPA effectiveness indicators need to be developed iteratively to reflect the changing needs and perspectives of local stakeholders. The wider application of the methods and approaches generated from this thesis needs to be explored for other CBMPAs. Such research ensures that the effectiveness of MPA is evaluated. This is significant due to the commitment of countries to report on the progress of their MPAs by 2010, as set by the Convention on Biological Diversity.
Sustainable and Recyclable Nanocellulose Production, Characterisation and Applications
Creators: name: SHAUN EE XIANG ANG
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 100708 Nanomaterials
subject: FOS: Nanotechnology
subject: 100701 Environmental Nanotechnology

description: In this body of work, the production of high strength nanocellulose sheets was shown to be achievable at lower energy. Characterisation studies revealed a more effective method to determine the nanocellulose fibre diameter distribution from microscopy images. Recycled fibres were shown to be a viable substitute to virgin fibres for nanocellulose production and strength reinforcement applications. The recycling of nanocellulose sheets was shown to have great advantages to reduce the sheet drainage times while retaining excellent strength. This research demonstrates that nanocellulose has great potential to be a high-value sustainable and recyclable material of the future.
Superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors: physics and applications
Creators: name: Natarajan, Chandra M.
name: Tanner, Michael G.
name: Hadfield, Robert H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Single-photon detectors based on superconducting nanowires (SSPDs or SNSPDs) have rapidly emerged as a highly promising photon-counting technology for infrared wavelengths. These devices offer high efficiency, low dark counts and excellent timing resolution. In this review, we consider the basic SNSPD operating principle and models of device behaviour. We give an overview of the evolution of SNSPD device design and the improvements in performance which have been achieved. We also evaluate device limitations and noise mechanisms. We survey practical refrigeration technologies and optical coupling schemes for SNSPDs. Finally we summarize promising application areas, ranging from quantum cryptography to remote sensing. Our goal is to capture a detailed snapshot of an emerging superconducting detector technology on the threshold of maturity.
description: 27 pages, 5 figures, Review article preprint version
Inkjet printing of transport layers and photoactive layer for bulk heterojunction organic solar cell
Creators: name: SIVAKUMAR GANESAN
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 91205 Functional Materials
subject: FOS: Materials engineering
subject: Applied Physics
subject: 100712 Nanoscale Characterisation
subject: FOS: Nanotechnology
subject: 30303 Optical Properties of Materials
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Organic solar cells are third generation solar cells with organic semiconductors as the photoactive layers. In this research work, inkjet printing process was used for printing organic solar cells. Inkjet printing process is a digital printing process where minute droplets of ink are sprayed onto the surface of the substrate. This thesis discusses about the challenges faced in printing electron transport layer, hole transport layer and the photoactive layer of organic solar cell and the possible solutions for the same. This thesis also discusses about enlargement in absorption spectrum using ternary blend and improvement in charge transport using special additives.
Promising influences of hesperidin and hesperetin against diabetes and its complications: a systematic review of molecular, cellular, and metabolic effects
Creators: name: Mirzaei, Amirhossein
name: Mirzaei, Ali
name: Najjar Khalilabad, Shakiba
name: Askari, Vahid Reza
name: Baradaran Rahimi, Vafa
Publisher: name: IfADo - Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Dortmund
Year: 2023
Subjects: hesperidin
hesperetin
diabetes
diabetes complications
inflammation
oxidative stress

description: Hesperidin and hesperetin, two flavonoids with potential therapeutic value, have been extensively studied in the context of diabetes management. The main objective of this research is to ascertain their potential as therapeutic options for managing diabetes and its complications. The present study utilized a systematic review methodology and comprehensively explored relevant literature from databases, including PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, from inception until July 2023. The review summarized the outcomes related to the molecular, cellular, and metabolic effects of hesperidin and hesperetin in diabetes and its complications. Hesperetin exhibits a potential treatment for preventing diabetes and its associated complications through modulation of inflammatory cytokine release and expression via the pathway of signaling through Toll-like receptor/Myeloid differentiation factor 88/Nuclear factor-kappa B. Hesperidin shows promise as a biomolecule for treating diabetic neuropathy, primarily through activation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf-2), as an antioxidant-response element signaling, leading to neuroprotective effects. Both compounds demonstrated the ability to normalize blood glucose levels and reduce serum and liver lipid levels, making them potential candidates for managing hypoglycemia and hypolipidemia in diabetes. Hesperidin also showed potential benefits against diabetic nephropathy by suppressing transforming growth factor-β1-integrin-linked kinase-Akt signaling and enhancing renal function. Furthermore, hesperidin's antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-depressant effects in diabetic conditions expanded its potential therapeutic applications. This systematic review provides substantial evidence supporting the consideration of hesperidin and hesperetin for diabetes and its complications. It offers exciting possibilities for developing novel, cost-effective treatment options to enhance diabetes management and patient outcomes.
description: EXCLI Journal; 22:Doc1235; ISSN 1611-2156
Quantumness and Entanglement Witnesses
Creators: name: Facchi, Paolo
name: Pascazio, Saverio
name: Vedral, Vlatko
name: Yuasa, Kazuya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the recently introduced notion of quantumness witness and compare it to that of entanglement witness. We show that any entanglement witness is also a quantumness witness. We then consider some physically relevant examples and explicitly construct some witnesses.
description: 13 pages, 2 figures
Lithium ion conductive ceramic membrane for ion separation
Creators: name: NHI SA NGUYEN
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 90404 Membrane and Separation Technologies
subject: FOS: Chemical engineering

description: Lithium is a chemical element found in minerals and natural water, and it is the lightest metal and has a number of interesting uses including the key element in lithium rechargeable battery devices or in medicine to treat certain illnesses or long-term mood disorders. This thesis investigates a ceramic-based, efficient lithium ion separation membrane based on inorganic lithium ion conductors. This membrane-based lithium separation using an electrodialysis system has shown great potential to lead to an economic process for lithium recovery due to the low chemical demand and high selectivity.
Functionality in single-molecule devices: Model calculations and applications of the inelastic electron tunneling signal in molecular junctions
Creators: name: Dash, L. K.
name: Ness, H.
name: Verstraete, M. J.
name: Godby, R. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze how functionality could be obtained within single-molecule devices by using a combination of non-equilibrium Green's functions and ab-initio calculations to study the inelastic transport properties of single-molecule junctions. First we apply a full non-equilibrium Green's function technique to a model system with electron-vibration coupling. We show that the features in the inelastic electron tunneling spectra (IETS) of the molecular junctions are virtually independent of the nature of the molecule-lead contacts. Since the contacts are not easily reproducible from one device to another, this is a very useful property. The IETS signal is much more robust versus modifications at the contacts and hence can be used to build functional nanodevices. Second, we consider a realistic model of a organic conjugated molecule. We use ab-initio calculations to study how the vibronic properties of the molecule can be controlled by an external electric field which acts as a gate voltage. The control, through the gate voltage, of the vibron frequencies and (more importantly) of the electron-vibron coupling enables the construction of functionality: non-linear amplification and/or switching is obtained from the IETS signal within a single-molecule device.
description: Accepted for publication in Journal of Chemical Physics
MIXING AND SEGREGATION OF ELLIPSOIDAL PARTICLES IN A ROTATING DRUM
Creators: name: SIYUAN HE
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 90406 Powder and Particle Technology
subject: FOS: Chemical engineering

description: Rotating drums are extensively used in industries for granular mixing, grinding and drying. In the mixing process, segregation of granules is commonly encountered, which can significantly lower the mixing quality. In the past decades, comprehensive studies have been carried out to understand and predict the mixing and segregation behaviour. However, most of these studies are mainly based on spherical particles. Particle shape can affect the mixing and segregation greatly, but only limited studies shown in the literature. The main objective of this thesis is to investigate the mixing and segregation of non-spherical particles, ellipsoids in particular, in a rotating drum.
On Pliś metric on the space of strictly convex compacta
Creators: name: Balashov, Maxim V.
name: Repovš, Dušan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Topology (math.GN)
subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 54A20, 52A41, 52A20, 52A99, 46N10

description: We consider a certain metric on the space of all convex compacta in $\R^{n}$, introduced by A. Pliś. The set of strictly convex compacta is a complete metric subspace of the metric space of convex compacta with respect to this metric. We present some applications of this metric to the problems of set-valued analysis, in particular we estimate the distance between two compact sets with respect to this metric and to the Hausdorff metric.
Spray coated nanocellulose films-production, characterisation and applications
Creators: name: KIRUBANANDAN SHANMUGAM
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 91205 Functional Materials
subject: FOS: Materials engineering
subject: 100708 Nanomaterials
subject: FOS: Nanotechnology
subject: 91210 Timber, Pulp and Paper
subject: 91202 Composite and Hybrid Materials
subject: 90403 Chemical Engineering Design
subject: FOS: Chemical engineering
subject: 100701 Environmental Nanotechnology

description: Spraying nanocellulose on a polished impermeable surface is a novel concept to produce a film which has two distinct surfaces. The spray coated surface is very smooth and replicates the nanoscale roughness from the base surface. This process reduces the operational time for film formation by one order of magnitude compared to vacuum filtration, which is the standard method. The spraying process was optimised to develop highly uniform sheets. The films were recyclable and sustainable. Spraying process has been successfully implemented to develop high performance nanocomposites for barrier applications and smooth films for electronics.
Synergistic Effects on the High-Temperature Reactivity of Coal Blends with Biochar or Scrap-Tyre Char in CO2 Rich Conditions
Creators: name: MIRIAM VARSHA ISSAC
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 90499 Chemical Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical engineering
subject: 91305 Energy Generation, Conversion and Storage Engineering
subject: FOS: Mechanical engineering

description: The potential substitution of coal with waste materials such as biomass and scrap tyre for energy recovery is a feasible option to allow sustainable energy production. This PhD project investigates the carbon dioxide (CO2) reaction properties of biomass char, scrap tyre char and the blends with coal. This reaction is significant for low emission processes such as oxy-fuel combustion and CO2-gasification process. A combination of advanced modelling, experimental studies and analytical techniques were undertaken during the PhD research. The findings from this thesis have made significant contributions to promote the utilisation of biomass and scrap tyre for energy generation purposes.
Entanglement in a model for Hawking radiation: An Application of Quadratic Algebras
Creators: name: Bambah, Bindu A.
name: Mukku, C.
name: Shreecharan, T.
name: Prasad, K. Siva
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quadratic polynomially deformed $su(1,1)$ and $su(2)$ algebras are utilised in model Hamiltonians to show how the gravitational system consisting of a black hole, infalling radiation and outgoing (Hawking) radiation can be solved exactly. The models allow us to study the long-time behaviour of the black hole and its outgoing modes. In particular, we calculate the bipartite entanglement entropies of subsystems consisting of a) infalling plus outgoing modes and b) black hole modes plus the infalling modes,using the Janus-faced nature of the model.The long-time behaviour also gives us glimpses of modifications in the character of Hawking radiation. Lastly, we study the phenomenon of superradiance in our model in analogy with atomic Dicke superradiance.
description: 20 pages, 15 figures. revised version with one figure removed
Difference between standard and quasi-conformal BFKL kernels
Creators: name: Fadin, V. S.
name: Fiore, R.
name: Papa, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As it was recently shown, the colour singlet BFKL kernel, taken in Moebius representation in the space of impact parameters, can be written in quasi-conformal shape, which is unbelievably simple compared with the conventional form of the BFKL kernel in momentum space. It was also proved that the total kernel is completely defined by its Moebius representation. In this paper we calculated the difference between standard and quasi-conformal BFKL kernels in momentum space and discovered that it is rather simple. Therefore we come to the conclusion that the simplicity of the quasi-conformal kernel is caused mainly by using the impact parameter space.
description: 18 pages
Insulator-to-Metal Transition in Selenium-Hyperdoped Silicon: Observation and Origin
Creators: name: Ertekin, Elif
name: Winkler, Mark T.
name: Recht, Daniel
name: Said, Aurore J.
name: Aziz, Michael J.
name: Buonassisi, Tonio
name: Grossman, Jeffrey C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hyperdoping has emerged as a promising method for designing semiconductors with unique optical and electronic properties, although such properties currently lack a clear microscopic explanation. Combining computational and experimental evidence, we probe the origin of sub-band gap optical absorption and metallicity in Se-hyperdoped Si. We show that sub-band gap absorption arises from direct defect-to-conduction band transitions rather than free carrier absorption. Density functional theory predicts the Se-induced insulator-to-metal transition arises from merging of defect and conduction bands, at a concentration in excellent agreement with experiment. Quantum Monte Carlo calculations confirm the critical concentration, demonstrate that correlation is important to describing the transition accurately, and suggest that it is a classic impurity-driven Mott transition.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures (PRL formatted)
Biomass gasification and Utilization of its Syngas for the One Step Synthesis of Dimethyl Carbonate
Creators: name: PAVAN PRAMOD SRIPADA
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 90402 Catalytic Process Engineering
subject: FOS: Chemical engineering

description: Thermochemical conversion of biomass, particularly gasification, is an important option to replace fossil fuels use. The gasification product gas, syngas, typically a mixture of H2, CO and CO2 can be processed and readily converted into a suite of marketable products including chemicals and fuels. However, in order to reduce the CO2 footprint from the process, the CO2 is being utilized as a co-reactant for the chemical synthesis. Specifically, this thesis and addresses some of the engineering and fundamental aspects of biomass gasification and presents a novel catalytic process route for the synthesis of dimethyl carbonate (DMC) from syngas (including CO2).
Decoherence and equilibration under nondestructive measurements
Creators: name: Yukalov, V. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The evolution of observable quantities of finite quantum systems is analyzed when the latter are subject to nondestructive measurements. The type and number of measurements characterize the level of decoherence produced in the system. A finite number of instantaneous measurements leads to only a partial decoherence. But infinite number of such measurements yields complete decoherence and equilibration. Continuous measurements result in partial decoherence in finite time, but produce complete decoherence and equilibration as time tends to infinity. Resulting equilibrium states are characterized by representative statistical ensembles that, generally, retain information on initial conditions. Any system, to be observable, necessarily requires the presence of measurements, whose large number leads to the system equilibration and decoherence.
description: Latex file, 15 pages
Improving Scale-up of Powder Mixing in the Pharmaceutical Industry
Creators: name: KAHLIL ERNEST DESAI
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 111504 Pharmaceutical Sciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 90406 Powder and Particle Technology
subject: FOS: Chemical engineering

description: Mixing lactose with a small percentage of red iron oxide causes the blend to change from white to pink -> red -> orange. This colour change occurs in different types of mixers but reaching the equivalent blend colour depends on the speed and time (for e.g. 60 minutes in a tumbler mixer is equivalent to 10 minutes in a high shear mixer). This thesis tested this colour change with other common pharmaceutical powders and different iron oxides, and investigated whether the equivalent blend colour could determine the mixing point (time) for an asthma inhaler formulation involving different mixers.
title: Privacy Concerns and Proposed Solutions with IoT in Wearable Technology
Creators: name: Abad, Hyacinth
Publisher: name: Old Dominion University Libraries
Year: 2023

description: This paper examines the dynamic relationship between IoT cybersecurity and privacy concerns associated with wearable devices. IoT, with its exponential growth, presents both opportunities and challenges in terms of accessibility, integrity, availability, scalability, confidentiality, and interoperability. Cybersecurity concerns arise as diverse attack surfaces exploit vulnerabilities in IoT systems, necessitating robust defenses. In the field of wearable technology, these devices offer benefits like health data tracking and real-time communication. However, the adoption of these devices raises privacy concerns. The paper explores proposed solutions, including mechanisms for user-controlled data collection, the implementation of Virtual Trip Line (VTL) and virtual wall approaches, and increasing awareness through user manuals. Additionally, security alerts and data encryption technologies are proposed to mitigate the risk of data leakage.
Low-cost Chemical-responsive Adhesive Sensors for Environmental and Biochemical Sensing
Creators: name: WEIRUI TAN
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 90499 Chemical Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical engineering

description: This thesis first develops chemical-responsive adhesive sensors (CASs), which are equipped with chemical responsiveness and stickiness. They can be directly applied to solid/particulate matrices to test target analytes, which is unrealizable by conventional paper-based analytical devices (PADs). The CASs are combined with paper sensors to realize quantification of heavy metal ions. The CAS is also made a home-use device for diagnosis of blood total bilirubin in jaundiced neonates. This thesis also characterizes that CAS can address problems encountering in PADs, such as the indicator leaching, sample loss, and “coffee stain” effect to cause nonuniform colorimetric results on paper, etc.
Homodyne detection of matter-wave fields (shortened)
Creators: name: Rist, Stefan
name: Morigi, Giovanna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A scheme is discussed that allows one for performing homodyne detection of the matter-wave field of ultracold bosonic atoms. It is based on a pump-probe lasers setup, that both illuminates a Bose-Einstein condensate, acting as reference system, and a second ultracold gas, composed by the same atoms but in a quantum phase to determine. Photon scattering outcouples atoms from both systems, which then propagate freely. Under appropriate conditions, when the same photon can either be scattered by the Bose-Einstein condensate or by the other quantum gas, both flux of outcoupled atoms and scattered photons exhibit oscillations, whose amplitude is proportional to the condensate fraction of the quantum gas. The setup can be extended to measure the first-order correlation function of a quantum gas. The dynamics here discussed make use of the entanglement between atoms and photons which is established by the scattering process in order to access detailed information on the quantum state of matter.
description: shortened version of arXiv:1111.6390, to be published in PRA
Particle Scale Modelling of Bubble Dynamics in Bubbling Fluidized Beds of Ellipsoids
Creators: name: SIDDHARTHA SHRESTHA
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 90499 Chemical Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical engineering
subject: 91504 Fluidisation and Fluid Mechanics
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies
subject: 80110 Simulation and Modelling
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Bubble dynamics is a vital part of bubbling fluidized beds. Although, particles of different shape are encountered in the processes employing bubbling fluidized beds, it is often neglected. This thesis investigates the effect of particle shape on the bubble dynamics in bubbling fluidized beds by applying a numerical technique known CFD-DEM (Computational Fluid Dynamics – Discrete Element Modelling). Different shapes of particles are characterized by ellipsoids. The thesis demonstrates that the difference in particle shape can result in varying bubble dynamics and the computational method developed is beneficial to study bubbling fluidized beds.
The downstream effects of salt application on Horstman Glacier, Whistler, British Columbia
Creators: name: Teichrob, Nicolas Daniel
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Skiing and snowboarding occur on the seasonal snow of Blackcomb Mountain, BC, which includes two glaciers: Blackcomb Glacier and Horstman Glacier. Ski operations involve the application of salt (NaCl) to the glacier and redistribution of snow on Horstman Glacier to allow for additional skiing and snowboarding during the months of June and July. Although European studies have documented that salting ski pistes can have negative effects on the environment, no research has been conducted to study the continuous application of salt onto a glacier and the effects on the downstream aquatic environment. In this study we examined the temporal changes in chloride concentration in Horstman Creek. Using neighbouring Blackcomb Glacier and Blackcomb Creek as a reference system, automatic samplers were used to collect water samples for two periods of sixteen days each during the summer of 2008. The concentration of chloride in Horstman Creek was found to be greatly elevated compared to regional background values and those of Blackcomb Creek during both sampling periods. The pattern of chloride concentration suggests that some of the NaCl applied to the glacier makes its way downstream as initial snowmelt runoff and some is stored within the glacier and released at a later time. However, despite the fact that 90 020 kg of NaCl was applied during summer 2008, the elevated concentrations did not reach a level of environmental concern during the study period.
Catalysts Design for Ammonia Synthesis at Room Temperature
Creators: name: QINYE LI
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 30602 Chemical Thermodynamics and Energetics
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Computational Chemistry

description: Using computational technology, I predicted a series of promising catalysts for ammonia synthesis from air and water at room temperature. Advanced knowledge of surface processes involved in this reaction has been obtained. A theoretical method has been proposed to find high performance catalysts.
Relaxation and Readout Visibility of a Singlet-Triplet Qubit in an Overhauser Field Gradient
Creators: name: Barthel, C.
name: Medford, J.
name: Bluhm, H.
name: Yacoby, A.
name: Marcus, C. M.
name: Hanson, M. P.
name: Gossard, A. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using single-shot charge detection in a GaAs double quantum dot, we investigate spin relaxation time T_1 and readout visibility of a two-electron singlet-triplet qubit following single-electron dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP). For magnetic fields up to 2 T, the DNP cycle is in all cases found to increase Overhauser field gradients, which in turn decrease T_1 and consequently reduce readout visibility. This effect was previously attributed to a suppression of singlet-triplet dephasing under a similar DNP cycle. A model describing relaxation after singlet-triplet mixing agrees well with experiment. Effects of pulse bandwidth on visibility are also investigated.
Holey Soft/hard Interface Design for High-adhesion and Stretchable Electronic-skin Sensor
Creators: name: YUNZHI LING
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 90499 Chemical Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical engineering

description: Electronic-skin (e-skin) sensors are skin-like soft and stretchable electronics that are able to mimic one or more functionalities of human skin. Although encouraging advances made in developing ultrasensitive or multifunctional e-skin sensors, the durability is still under development. In thesis develops novel holey interfaces to dramatically increase the interfacial adhesion as well as stretchability for e-skin sensors.
Development of Visible-Light-Active All-Solid-State Z-Scheme System for Highly Efficient Photocatalytic Overall Water Splitting
Creators: name: BOON JUNN NG
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 90608 Renewable Power and Energy Systems Engineering (excl. Solar Cells)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: As the world decides on the next giant step for renewable energy revolution, scientists have begun to reinforce its headlong dive into the exploration of solar energy. In this project, a recreation of artificial photosynthesis system that mimics green plant can be witnessed in rational design of semiconductors coupling facilitated by nanocarbon as electron mediator. This ingenious arrangement of materials in nanoscale renders photocatalytic pure water splitting and converts solar energy into usable chemical fuel, namely hydrogen. As is known, hydrogen contains high energy density and is anticipated to pave a feasible approach in contributing into the future energy mix.
Ultrathin two-dimensional metal-organic framework nanosheets for water desalination membranes
Creators: name: MEIPENG JIAN
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 90410 Water Treatment Processes
subject: FOS: Chemical engineering
subject: 91205 Functional Materials
subject: FOS: Materials engineering
subject: 90403 Chemical Engineering Design
subject: Environmental Science

description: We extend the potential use of nanoporous membranes for water desalination by using an advanced nanomaterial.
Four IRAC Sources with an Extremely Red H-[3.6] Color: Passive or Dusty Galaxies at z>4.5?
Creators: name: Huang, J. -S.
name: Zheng, X. Z.
name: Rigopoulou, D.
name: Magdis, G.
name: Fazio, G. G.
name: Wang, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report detection of four IRAC sources in the GOODS-South field with an extremely red color of H$-$[3.6]$>$4.5. The four sources are not detected in the deep HST WFC3 H-band image with H$_{limit}$=28.3 mag. We find that only 3 types of SED templates can produce such a red H$-$[3.6] color: a very dusty SED with the Calzetti extinction of A$_V$=16 mag at z=0.8; a very dusty SED with the SMC extinction of A$_V$=8 mag at z=2.0$\sim$2.2; and an 1Gyr SSP with A$_V \sim$0.8 at z=5.7. We argue that these sources are unlikely dusty galaxies at z$\leq$2.2 based on absent strong MIPS 24$μ$m emission. The old stellar population model at z$>$4.5 remains a possible solution for the 4 sources. At z$>$4.5, these sources have stellar masses of Log(M$_*$/M$_{\odot}$)=10.6$\sim$11.2. One source, ERS-1, is also a type-II X-ray QSO with L$_{2-8keV}$=1.6$\times 10^{44}$ erg s$^{-1}$. One of the four sources is an X-ray QSO and another one is a HyperLIRG, suggesting a galaxy-merging scenario for the formation of these massive galaxies at high redshifts.
description: 15 pages, 3 figures, accepted by ApJ Lett
One Dimensional Hierarchical Nanomaterials Derived from M-MoO4 (M=Ni, Co) as Highly Effective Electro-catalysts for Water Splitting
Creators: name: Wang, Yang
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 100706 Nanofabrication, Growth and Self Assembly
subject: FOS: Nanotechnology
subject: 91305 Energy Generation, Conversion and Storage Engineering
subject: FOS: Mechanical engineering
subject: 100708 Nanomaterials

description: Industrial H2 represents an enormous global market that is expected to reach $155 billion USD by 2022. Water electrolysis is one renewable route of hydrogen production. Nevertheless, the associated production cost of this method is relatively high since the most efficient catalysts are generally composed of rare-earth elements (platinum). This thesis records the development of novel catalytic candidates from abundant elements (iron, cobalt, and nickel) with the intention to increase the overall competitiveness of water-based hydrogen production. The research work has successfully resulted in a series of effective electro-catalysts with appropriate elements (Fe, Co and Ni) and favourable structures (hierarchical).
Interface Metallic States between a Topological Insulator and a Ferromagnetic Insulator
Creators: name: Habe, Tetsuro
name: Asano, Yasuhiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study electronic structures at an interface between a topological insulator and a ferromagnetic insulator by using three-dimensional two-band model. In usual ferromagnetic insulators, the exchange potential is much larger than the bulk gap size in the topological insulators and electronic structures are asymmetric with respect to the fermi level. In such situation, we show that unusual metallic states appear under the magnetic moment pointing the perpendicular direction to the junction plane, which cannot be described by the two-dimensional effective model around the Dirac point. When the magnetic moment is in the parallel direction to the plane, the number of Dirac cones becomes even integers. The conclusions obtained in analytical calculations are confirmed by numerical simulations on tight-binding lattice.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures
Doubly and triply coupled nanowire antennas
Creators: name: Lu, Liu
name: Wang, Lulu
name: Zou, Chang-Ling
name: Ren, Xifeng
name: Dong, Chunhua
name: Sun, Fangwen
name: Guo, Guoping
name: Guo, Guangcan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nanoantenna is one of the most important optical components for light harvesting. In this study, we show experimental evidence of interactions between coupled nanowires by comparing the fluorescence properties of quantum dots on both non-coupled (single) and coupled (double and triple) nanowire arrays. The fluorescence intensities are dependent on the excitation polarization, and most of the emissions are polarized perpendicular to the long axis of the nanowires. It is interesting that both the excitation polarization dependent enhancement and the fluorescence polarization effect are more pronounced for coupled nanowires. Our theoretical analysis indicates the above phenomena can be ascribed to the dipolar plasmon from the nanowire antennas. Our investigations demonstrate a potential method to control the polarization of emitters using coupled nanowire arrays.
All-Dielectric Optical Nanoantennas
Creators: name: Krasnok, Alexander E.
name: Miroshnichenko, Andrey E.
name: Belov, Pavel A.
name: Kivshar, Yuri S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study in detail a novel type of optical nanoantennas made of high-permittivity low-loss dielectric particles. In addition to the electric resonances, the dielectric particles exhibit very strong magnetic resonances at the nanoscale, that can be employed in the Yagi-Uda geometry for creating highly efficient optical nanoantennas. By comparing plasmonic and dielectric nanoantennas, we demonstrate that all-dielectric nanoantennas may exhibit better radiation efficiency also allowing more compact design.