cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Determination of gas effective diffusivities in porous solids, dispersion coefficients in packed beds and molecular diffusivity of binary systems
Creators: name: Davis, Brian Richard
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: SECTION I AN EXPERIMENTAL METHOD FOR THE MEASUREMENT OF EFFECTIVE GAS DIFFUSIVITIES IN POROUS PELLETS, AND THE LONGITUDINAL DISPERSION COEFFICIENT IN PACKED BEDS Present methods of measurement of effective diffusivities are not generally adaptable to the pellets in a packed bed, for example a catalytic reactor. An unsteady state pulse method has been developed employing simple gas chromatographic rate theory. The method is generally applicable to pellet sizes down to about 2mm. With homogeneous pellets reasonable agreement was obtained on comparison of effective diffusivities measured by a steady state method. For anisotropic solids the unsteady state diffusivity can be quite different from the steady state value due to differences in diffusion path. Pulse dispersions measured in beds of non porous pellets have revealed a laminar flow regime where the dispersion coefficient is dependent on the square of the velocity. This regime was reported for flow, in straight pipes but has not previously been demonstrated in packed beds. SECTION II DEVELOPMENT OF AN UNSTEADY STATE FLOW METHOD FOR MEASURING BINARY GAS DIFFUSION COEFFICIENTS Effusion measurements of one gas from a packed bed of known geometry (porosity and tortuosity) into a second flowing gas have been evaluated as a versatile technique for the determination of binary gas diffusion coefficients. The molecular diffusivities measured (± 10%) approached the scatter encountered by other methods (±5%) and satisfactory results (± 3%) are envisaged by optimising parameters in the method.
Additional file 2 of The effect of DNA methylation on bumblebee colony development
Creators: name: Pozo, María I.
name: Hunt, Benjamin J.
name: Kemenade, Gaby Van
name: Guerra-Sanz, Jose M.
name: Wäckers, Felix
name: Mallon, Eamonn B.
name: Jacquemyn, Hans
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2. Table 1 Overview of mapping efficiency, methylation rates in CpG, CHG and CHH contexts, number of significantly methylated loci and methylation fraction per loci for the 14 workers subjected to WGBS.
On the Eight Levels theorem and applications towards Lucas-Lehmer primality test for Mersenne primes, I
Creators: name: Ibrahim, Moustafa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: G.2.1; K.2; K.7.3; J.7; G.1.0; G.4
subject: 11Y16, 11Y55, 11Y11, 11A51, 11B37, 11B83, 11B75, 11B39, 11B37

description: Lucas-Lehmer test is the current standard algorithm used for testing the primality of Mersenne numbers, but it may have limitations in terms of its efficiency and accuracy. Developing new algorithms or improving upon existing ones could potentially improve the search for Mersenne primes and the understanding of the distribution of Mersenne primes and composites. The development of new versions of the primality test for Mersenne numbers could help to speed up the search for new Mersenne primes by improving the efficiency of the algorithm. This could potentially lead to the discovery of new Mersenne primes that were previously beyond the reach of current computational resources. The current paper proves what the author called the Eight Levels Theorem and then highlights and proves three new different versions for Lucas-Lehmer primality test for Mersenne primes and also gives a new criterion for Mersenne compositeness.
description: 33 pages, 4 tables, 3 new versions for the Lucas-Lehmer primality test, 4 new combinatorial identities. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2108.13792
Additional file 1 of Pharmacological activation of pyruvate kinase M2 reprograms glycolysis leading to TXNIP depletion and AMPK activation in breast cancer cells
Creators: name: Almouhanna, Fadi
name: Blagojevic, Biljana
name: Can, Suzan
name: Ghanem, Ali
name: Wölfl, Stefan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Figure S1.. PKM2 activation Induces extracellular acidification levels in prostate cancer cells. Online measurement of extracellular acidification using pH sensors embedded on the bottom of 24 well-plates in MCF7 cells in reponse to DASA-58 (15 μM) or to TEPP-46 (30 μM).
Quantum theory of optical temporal phase and instantaneous frequency. II. Continuous time limit and state-variable approach to phase-locked loop design
Creators: name: Tsang, Mankei
name: Shapiro, Jeffrey H.
name: Lloyd, Seth
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the continuous-time version of our recently proposed quantum theory of optical temporal phase and instantaneous frequency [Tsang, Shapiro, and Lloyd, Phys. Rev. A 78, 053820 (2008)]. Using a state-variable approach to estimation, we design homodyne phase-locked loops that can measure the temporal phase with quantum-limited accuracy. We show that post-processing can further improve the estimation performance, if delay is allowed in the estimation. We also investigate the fundamental uncertainties in the simultaneous estimation of harmonic-oscillator position and momentum via continuous optical phase measurements from the classical estimation theory perspective. In the case of delayed estimation, we find that the inferred uncertainty product can drop below that allowed by the Heisenberg uncertainty relation. Although this result seems counter-intuitive, we argue that it does not violate any basic principle of quantum mechanics.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures, v2: accepted by PRA
How many cards should you lay out in a game of EvenQuads?: A detailed study of caps in AG(n,2)
Creators: name: Crager, Julia
name: Flores, Felicia
name: Goldberg, Timothy E.
name: Rose, Lauren L.
name: Rose-Levine, Daniel
name: Thornburgh, Darrion
name: Walker, Raphael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05B25, 51E10, 51E15

description: We define a \textit{cap} in the affine geometry $AG(n,2)$ to be a subset in which any collection of 4 points is in general position. In this paper we classify, up to affine equivalence, all caps in $AG(n,2)$ of size $k \leq 9$. As a result, we obtain a complete characterization of caps in dimension $n \leq 6$, in particular complete and maximal caps. Since the \textit{EvenQuads} card deck is a model for $AG(6,2)$, as a consequence we determine the probability that an arbitrary $k$-card layout contains a quad.
description: 41 pages, 21 figures, 8 tables
Theoretical Status of Rare B Decays with Muons
Creators: name: Bobeth, Christoph
name: Hiller, Gudrun
name: Piranishvili, Giorgi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Rare B decays allow to investigate fundamental interactions regarding their flavor, chiral, Dirac and CP properties. In anticipation of the large data samples of exclusive B decays into muons from the forthcoming LHC experiments, in particular LHCb, as well as possible super flavor factories, we review the theoretical status and outline future opportunities to explore the borders of the Standard Model and beyond.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures; to appear in the proceedings of BEAUTY 2009, the 12th International Conference on B-Physics at Hadron Machines, September 7-11, 2009, Heidelberg; contains previously unpublished plots with New Physics scans over C_7,9,10^(') from the same production line of arXiv:0805.2525 [hep-ph]
Additional file 1 of The effect of DNA methylation on bumblebee colony development
Creators: name: Pozo, María I.
name: Hunt, Benjamin J.
name: Kemenade, Gaby Van
name: Guerra-Sanz, Jose M.
name: Wäckers, Felix
name: Mallon, Eamonn B.
name: Jacquemyn, Hans
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. (A) Principal component Analyses (PCA) plot generated using methylKit function PCASamples, showing CpG methylation for the 7 control bee samples and the seven treated bee samples. (B). Dendogram generated using methylKit function clusterSamples showing sample cluster by treatment. Red labels indicate control samples and blue labels represent decitabine-treated samples. Black labels in dendogram depict the colony of origin of each sample.
Design and Structure Dependent Priors for Scale Parameters in Latent Gaussian Models
Creators: name: Gardini, Aldo
name: Greco, Fedele
name: Trivisano, Carlo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Many common correlation structures assumed for data can be described through latent Gaussian models. When Bayesian inference is carried out, it is required to set the prior distribution for scale parameters that rules the model components, possibly allowing to incorporate prior information. This task is particularly delicate and many contributions in the literature are devoted to investigating such aspects. We focus on the fact that the scale parameter controls the prior variability of the model component in a complex way since its dispersion is also affected by the correlation structure and the design. To overcome this issue that might confound the prior elicitation step, we propose to let the user specify the marginal prior of a measure of dispersion of the model component, integrating out the scale parameter, the structure and the design. Then, we analytically derive the implied prior for the scale parameter. Results from a simulation study, aimed at showing the behavior of the estimators sampling properties under the proposed prior elicitation strategy, are discussed. Lastly, some real data applications are explored to investigate prior sensitivity and allocation of explained variance among model components.
D2.1 - User and Ecosystem Requirements and Methodology
Creators: name: Brossette, Christian
name: Graf, Norbert
name: Álvarez, Federico
name: Tozzi, Alberto
name: Gangas, Pilar
name: López, Diana
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: User Requirements
Ethics
Regulatory Framework
Technical Considerations
Methodology

description: This document outlines the user and ecosystem requirements identified from related research projects and literature research. Some key aspects of the ecosystem user requirements were collected through a stakeholder survey. The ethical and medical considerations for the ecosystem described and the key legal requirements, form the framework for a future implementation plan. An outline of technical and artificial intelligence considerations is listed for a state-of-the-art ecosystem foundation. High level insights reflect the political situation.
description: This project has received funding from the European Union's Call for Pilot Projects and Preparatory Actions (PPPA) under Grant Agreement No 101018783
Reducing the frequency of the Higgs mode in a helical superconductor coupled to an LC-circuit
Creators: name: Lu, Yao
name: Ilić, Stefan
name: Ojajärvi, Risto
name: Heikkilä, Tero T.
name: Bergeret, F. Sebastian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the amplitude, or Higgs mode of a superconductor with strong spin-orbit coupling and an exchange field, couples linearly to the electromagnetic field. Furthermore, by coupling such a superconductor to an LC resonator, we demonstrate that the Higgs resonance becomes a regular mode at frequencies smaller than the quasiparticle energy threshold $2Δ$. We finally propose and discuss a possible experiment based on microwave spectroscopy for an unequivocal detection of the Higgs mode. Our approach may allow visualizing Higgs modes also in more complicated multiband superconductors with a coupling between the charge and other electronic degrees of freedom.
description: 6+4 pages, 5 figures
Additional file 2 of Pharmacological activation of pyruvate kinase M2 reprograms glycolysis leading to TXNIP depletion and AMPK activation in breast cancer cells
Creators: name: Almouhanna, Fadi
name: Blagojevic, Biljana
name: Can, Suzan
name: Ghanem, Ali
name: Wölfl, Stefan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 2: Supplementary Figure S2. PKM2 activation Induces phosphorylation levels of ACC in prostate cancer cells. Western blot analysis showing tACC/pACC (S79) levels in a panel of prostate cancer cell lines in response to either DASA-58 (15 μM) or TEPP-46 (30 μM). Treatments performed in triplicates and vinculin is used as a loading control.
The evolution of the density of galaxy clusters and groups: denser environments at higher redshifts
Creators: name: Poggianti, Bianca M.
name: De Lucia, Gabriella
name: Varela, Jesus
name: Aragon-Salamanca, Alfonso
name: Finn, Rose
name: Desai, Vandana
name: von der Linden, Anja
name: White, Simon D. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that, observationally, the projected local density distribution in high-z clusters is shifted towards higher values compared to clusters at lower redshift. To search for the origin of this evolution, we analyze a sample of haloes selected from the Millennium Simulation and populated using semi-analytic models, investigating the relation between observed projected density and physical 3D density, using densities computed from the 10 and 3 closest neighbours. Both observationally and in the simulations, we study the relation between number of cluster members and cluster mass, and number of members per unit of cluster mass. We find that the observed evolution of projected densities reflects a shift to higher values of the physical 3D density distribution. In turn, this must be related with the globally higher number of galaxies per unit of cluster volume N/V in the past. We show that the evolution of N/V is due to a combination of two effects: a) distant clusters were denser in dark matter (DM) simply because the DM density within R_{200} (~the cluster virial radius) is defined to be a fixed multiple of the critical density of the Universe, and b) the number of galaxies per unit of cluster DM mass is remarkably constant both with redshift and cluster mass if counting galaxies brighter than a passively evolving magnitude limit. Our results highlight that distant clusters were much denser environments than today's clusters, both in galaxy number and mass, and that the density conditions felt by galaxies in virialized systems do not depend on the system mass.
description: accepted for publication in MNRAS
A Lorentzian renormalisation group equation for gauge theories
Creators: name: D'Angelo, Edoardo
name: Rejzner, Kasia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a recent paper, with Drago and Pinamonti we have introduced a Wetterich-type flow equation for scalar fields on Lorentzian manifolds, using the algebraic approach to perturbative QFT. The equation governs the flow of the effective average action, under changes of a mass parameter k. Here we introduce an analogous flow equation for gauge theories, with the aid of the Batalin-Vilkovisky (BV) formalism. We also show that the corresponding effective average action satisfies a Slavnov-Taylor identity in Zinn-Justin form. We interpret the equation as a cohomological constraint on the functional form of the effective average action, and we show that it is consistent with the flow.
Hilbert space multireference coupled clusters tailored by matrix product states
Creators: name: Demel, Ondrej
name: Brandejs, Jan
name: Lang, Jakub
name: Brabec, Jiri
name: Veis, Libor
name: Legeza, Ors
name: Pittner, Jiri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The DMRG method, despite its favorable scaling, it is in practice not suitable for computations of dynamic correlation. Several approaches to include that in post-DMRG methods exist; in our group we focused on the tailored-CC (TCC) approach. This method works well in many situations, however, in exactly degenerate cases (with two or more determinants of equal weight), it exhibits a bias towards the reference determinant representing the Fermi vacuum. Although in some cases it is possible to use a compensation scheme to avoid this bias for energy differences, as we did in a previous work on the singlet-triplet gap in the tetramethylenethane (TME) molecule, it is certainly a drawback.
 In order to overcome the single-reference bias of the TCC method, we have developed a Hilbert-space multireference version of tailored CC, which can treat several determinants on an equal footing. We have employed a multireference analysis of the DMRG wave function in the matrix product state form to get the active amplitudes for each reference determinant and their constant contribution to the effective Hamiltonian. We have implemented and compared the performance of three Hilbert-space MRCC variants - the state universal one, and the Brillouin-Wigner and Mukherjee's state specific ones. We have assessed these approaches on the cyclobutadiene and tetramethylenethane (TME) molecules, which are both diradicals with exactly degenerate determinants at a certain geometry. Two DMRG active spaces have been selected based on orbital entropies, while the MRCC active space comprised the HOMO and LUMO orbitals needed for description of the diradical. We have also investigated the sensitivity of the results on orbital rotation of the HOMO-LUMO pair, as it is well known that Hilbert-space MRCC methods are not invariant to such transformations.
Cosh-Gordon equation and quasi-Fuchsian groups
Creators: name: Fock, V. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 83C80, 53Z05

description: We show a few propositions in favour of relations between the phase space of 3D gravity, moduli of quasi-Fuchsian groups, global solutions of cosh-Gordon equations and minimal surfaces in hyperbolic spaces.
Paradigm Shift in Agricultural Trade: Exploring Options to Improve Fairness in Trade
Creators: name: Kusakari, Hitoshi
name: Kimura, Takayuki
name: Kusakari, Hitoshi
name: Kimura, Takayuki
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2019
Subjects: International Relations/Trade

description: The 2018 Annual Meeting of the Society Cooperation Committee and International Committee 1st Joint Hosting Symposium: Explanatory Notes
Wirtschaftliche Stadt-Land-Beziehungen in Europa im späten Mittelalter und am Beginn der Neuzeit
Creators: name: Cerman, Markus
Publisher: name: Jahrbuch für Geschichte des ländlichen Raumes
Year: 2022

description: Jahrbuch für Geschichte des ländlichen Raumes, Bd. 6 (2009): Zwischen Land und Stadt. Wirtschaftsverflechtungen von ländlichen und städtischen Räumen in Europa 1300–1600
Quantifying and Defending against Privacy Threats on Federated Knowledge Graph Embedding
Creators: name: Hu, Yuke
name: Liang, Wei
name: Wu, Ruofan
name: Xiao, Kai
name: Wang, Weiqiang
name: Li, Xiaochen
name: Liu, Jinfei
name: Qin, Zhan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Knowledge Graph Embedding (KGE) is a fundamental technique that extracts expressive representation from knowledge graph (KG) to facilitate diverse downstream tasks. The emerging federated KGE (FKGE) collaboratively trains from distributed KGs held among clients while avoiding exchanging clients' sensitive raw KGs, which can still suffer from privacy threats as evidenced in other federated model trainings (e.g., neural networks). However, quantifying and defending against such privacy threats remain unexplored for FKGE which possesses unique properties not shared by previously studied models. In this paper, we conduct the first holistic study of the privacy threat on FKGE from both attack and defense perspectives. For the attack, we quantify the privacy threat by proposing three new inference attacks, which reveal substantial privacy risk by successfully inferring the existence of the KG triple from victim clients. For the defense, we propose DP-Flames, a novel differentially private FKGE with private selection, which offers a better privacy-utility tradeoff by exploiting the entity-binding sparse gradient property of FKGE and comes with a tight privacy accountant by incorporating the state-of-the-art private selection technique. We further propose an adaptive privacy budget allocation policy to dynamically adjust defense magnitude across the training procedure. Comprehensive evaluations demonstrate that the proposed defense can successfully mitigate the privacy threat by effectively reducing the success rate of inference attacks from $83.1\%$ to $59.4\%$ on average with only a modest utility decrease.
description: Accepted in the ACM Web Conference (WWW 2023)
title: Dynamics and pragmatics for high performance concurrency
Creators: name: Barnes, Frederick R. M.
Publisher: name: University of Kent
Year: 2003

description: This thesis is concerned with support at all levels for building highly concurrent and dynamic parallel processing systems. The CSP model of concurrency, as (largely) embodied in the occam programming language is used due to its simplicity, expressiveness, architecture- independent nature, and potential for high performance. Additionally, occam provides guarantees regarding freedom from aliasing and race-hazard error. This thesis addresses one of the grand challenges of present day computer science: providing a software technology that offers the dynamic flexibility and performance of mainstream object oriented environments with the level of safety, formal analysis, modularity and lightweight concurrency offered by CSP/occam. Two approaches to this challenge are possible: do something to make the mainstream languages (e.g. Java, C++) safe, or make occam dynamic -- without compromising its existing good properties. This thesis follows the latter route. The first part of this thesis concentrates on enhancing the occam language and run-time system, on a commodity platform (IBM PC) running the freely available Linux operating system. After a brief introduction to the various components of the kroc occam system, additions and extensions to the occam programming language and supporting run-time system are examined. These provide a greater degree of programming flexibility in occam (for example, by adding support for dynamic allocation, mobile semantics and dynamic network construction), without compromising the safety of programs which use them. Benchmarks are reported that demonstrate significant improvements in performance (for example, channel communication in tens of nano-seconds). The second part concentrates on improving the level of interaction between occam programs and the OS environment. Providing easy access to sockets and networking, for example. This thesis concludes with a discussion of the work presented herein, with consideration given to parallels with object-oriented languages. Also described are details of ongoing and potential future research. The modified language grammar, details of new compiler generated code, and miscellany are provided in the appendices.
title: Islam, Muslims, and liberal democracy in the Middle East: Jordan in comparative perspective
Creators: name: Al-Braizat, Fares Abdelhafez
Publisher: name: University of Kent
Year: 2003

description: The aim of this thesis is to examine the role of culture as explanation for variations in support for democracy and authoritarianism in the Middle East. Culture operationalised in terms of religiosity. Islamic culture is measured, here, by subjective and objective Islamic religiosity. Culture has been the most influential factor dominating the literature on problems of democracy in the Middle East. It is the purpose of this work to investigate the extent to which culture is really relevant to the explanation of problems of democracy in the Middle East. This thesis seeks to contribute to knowledge by developing a multicausal theoretical framework in order to examine the propositions of cultural and sociological reductionism regarding the study of democracy and democratization in general and in the Middle East in particular. The proposed framework depends on costbenefit and risk assessment at the individual level linking structural phenomena like socio-economic factors or culture to behaviour. The hypotheses derived from the theoretical framework were tested with original, high quality, representative survey data. These data are cross-cultural / cross-national and the indicators we use have been rigorously tested for validity and reliability to control for culturally specific connotations in survey questions. Also, these data are collected at the individual level and partly compared overtime. This aids us in establishing trends and linking them to a wider set of variables (socio-economic, socio-political, and socio-cultural). When the theoretical framework was tested against the data we uncovered some interesting findings. Monocausal explanations focusing on religion alone are largely refuted. Multivariate analyses, which incorporate all relevant variables in the literature and control for their interactions reveals that cultural variables (Islamic religiosity) are largely irrelevant to the explanation of variations in support for democracy and authoritarianism.
Time dependent rheology of artificial slurries
Creators: name: Brown, John Peter
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: A method was developed for the preparation of slurries showing time dependent Theological properties, using artificial particles of constant shape and size, such that the effects of the slurry parameters, particle shape, size, concentration, and dispersing medium viscosity could be investigated separately. Two particle shapes were investigated, elliptical plate and rectangular plate. There were five sizes of elliptical plate particles with the surface area varied at nearly constant length to width ratio, and four sizes of rectangular plate particles with a length to width ratio varying from 1.92 to 4.85. Only one particle thickness was considered. The rheological state exhibited by the time dependent dispersions was found to be dependent on all the parameters investigated. The thixotropic state occurring with the smaller size particles became increasingly time dependent with the increase in particle surface area or length to width ratio. The transition to the false bodied state occurred with the largest size particles and the largest length to width ratios. Equilibrium apparent viscosity was found to increase linearly with particle surface area for thixotropic slurries with constant particle shape and dispersing medium viscosity. Also, equilibrium apparent viscosity was found to increase linearly with dispersing medium viscosity for thixotropic dispersions with constant particle shape, size, and concentration. The variation of the parameter of length to width ratio was found to have the greatest effect on the time dependency of the slurry. Ragged decay curves were obtained from the slurries made up from particles with the larger surface areas and length to width ratios. The ragged decay curves indicated a structural breakdown or that particle interference was taking place. The rate of decay of apparent viscosity of the slurries was shown to follow a curve which is approximated by the mathematical relationship for a second order-zero order reversible reaction mechanism. This theoretical model was found to fit regardless of slurry parameters or rheological state. The main determinants of the forward rate constant k₁ were found to be particle surface area, length to width ratio, concentration and dispersing medium viscosity.
On $\ell_2$-performance of weakly-hard real-time control systems
Creators: name: Seidel, Marc
name: Lang, Simon
name: Allgöwer, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper considers control systems with failures in the feedback channel, that occasionally lead to loss of the control input signal. A useful approach for modeling such failures is to consider window-based constraints on possible loss sequences, for example that at least r control attempts in every window of s are successful. A powerful framework to model such constraints are weakly-hard real-time constraints. Various approaches for stability analysis and the synthesis of stabilizing controllers for such systems have been presented in the past. However, existing results are mostly limited to asymptotic stability and rarely consider performance measures such as the resulting $\ell_2$-gain. To address this problem, we adapt a switched system description where the switching sequence is constrained by a graph that captures the loss information. We present an approach for $\ell_2$-performance analysis involving linear matrix inequalities (LMI). Further, leveraging a system lifting method, we propose an LMI-based approach for synthesizing state-feedback controllers with guaranteed $\ell_2$-performance. The results are illustrated by a numerical example.
description: accepted in the European Journal of Control, accepted for presentation at ECC 2024
Additional file 2 of Distribution of serum uric acid concentration and its association with lipid profiles: a single-center retrospective study in children aged 3 to 12 years with adenoid and tonsillar hypertrophy
Creators: name: Yu, Jiating
name: Liu, Xin
name: Ji, Honglei
name: Zhang, Yawei
name: Zhan, Hanqiang
name: Zhang, Ziyin
name: Wen, Jianguo
name: Wang, Zhimin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: Additional file 2: Supplementary Table 1. Comparison of SUA concentrations (mg/dL) with sex by age. Compared with 3 yr, aP<0.05; compared with 4 yr, bP<0.05; compared with 5 yr, cP<0.05; compared with 6 yr, dP<0.05; compared with 7 yr, eP<0.05; compared with 8 yr, fP<0.05; compared with 9 yr, gP<0.05; compared with 10 yr, hP<0.05; compared with 11 yr, iP<0.05; compared with 12 yr, jP<0.05 (Bonferroni correction). Supplementary Table 2. Correlation analysis between SUA concentrations and other continuous variables. Supplementary Table 3. Univariate regression analysis for dyslipidemia.
Additional file 3 of Pharmacological activation of pyruvate kinase M2 reprograms glycolysis leading to TXNIP depletion and AMPK activation in breast cancer cells
Creators: name: Almouhanna, Fadi
name: Blagojevic, Biljana
name: Can, Suzan
name: Ghanem, Ali
name: Wölfl, Stefan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 3: Supplementary Figure S3.. PKM2 activation reduces TXNIP levels in LnCap cells. Western blot analysis showing TXNIP levels in LnCap cells in response to either DASA-58 (15 μM) alone (upper panel) or combined with the proteasome inhibitor MG132 or the translational inhibitor CHX (lower panel). Vinculin is used as a loading control.
Reviewing Evolution of Learning Functions and Semantic Information Measures for Understanding Deep Learning
Creators: name: Lu, Chenguang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: H.1.1; I.1.2; I.2.4; I.2.6; I.5.3; G.3; E.4
subject: 68P30, 94A29, 94A34, 94A15, 94A17, 62B10, 68T05, 62F15, 68P30, 92B20

description: A new trend in deep learning, represented by Mutual Information Neural Estimation (MINE) and Information Noise Contrast Estimation (InfoNCE), is emerging. In this trend, similarity functions and Estimated Mutual Information (EMI) are used as learning and objective functions. Coincidentally, EMI is essentially the same as Semantic Mutual Information (SeMI) proposed by the author 30 years ago. This paper first reviews the evolutionary histories of semantic information measures and learning functions. Then, it briefly introduces the author's semantic information G theory with the rate-fidelity function R(G) (G denotes SeMI, and R(G) extends R(D)) and its applications to multi-label learning, the maximum Mutual Information (MI) classification, and mixture models. Then it discusses how we should understand the relationship between SeMI and Shan-non's MI, two generalized entropies (fuzzy entropy and coverage entropy), Autoencoders, Gibbs distributions, and partition functions from the perspective of the R(G) function or the G theory. An important conclusion is that mixture models and Restricted Boltzmann Machines converge because SeMI is maximized, and Shannon's MI is minimized, making information efficiency G/R close to 1. A potential opportunity is to simplify deep learning by using Gaussian channel mixture models for pre-training deep neural networks' latent layers without considering gradients. It also discusses how the SeMI measure is used as the reward function (reflecting purposiveness) for reinforcement learning. The G theory helps interpret deep learning but is far from enough. Combining semantic information theory and deep learning will accelerate their development.
description: 34 pages, 9 figures. published in Entropy, 2023
A Method to Decipher "Genome" from Interatomic Cohesion in the Exploration for a "Central Dogma" Replacement in Material Science
Creators: name: Zhang, Xinxu
name: Wei, Jiahao
name: Jia, Hui
name: Liu, Jiamin
name: Li, Guo
name: Liu, Ling
name: Wu, Yulong
name: Liu, Changlong
name: Zhang, Xiao-Dong
name: Li, Yonghui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the ball-stick model, interatomic cohesions are considered "sticks". But enormous details and features of the "sticks" are usually oversimplified as indexed quantities or equivocated as geometry characteristics. These indexed quantities or geometry characteristics not only limit the explanatory capability to a few chemical/physical aspects but also eliminate generativity for expected resemblance. And these limitations can be related to the information loss during the conversion. Herein, inspired by the central dogma, a framework is introduced to compact interatomic cohesions into a detailed residue-by-residue "genome" with matched encoding/decoding tools. The framework fuses the quantum mechanical aspects, auto feature extraction, nanostructures and/or simulations, and generative models. As a proof of concept, the realization introduced in this work adopted bosonic/fermionic features, an autoencoder with image recognition processes, Density Functional Theory simulations, and a thiolate-protected gold nanocluster dataset. After repetitive modeling, validating, and analysis based on 26,528 simulated interatomic images, the interatomic cohesion can be almost losslessly encoded into an 8-value-genome, and the genome encoder-decoder pair is also obtained. The model is then automatically extended into a generative model which converts any arbitrary 8-value-genome to a bond image.
description: This is the first paper of the "interatomic genome project"
The Reconstruction of Constant Jerk Parameter with $f(R,T)$ Gravity in Bianchi-I spacetime
Creators: name: Pradhan, Anirudh
name: Goswami, Gopikant
name: Krishnannair, Syamala
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have developed a Bianchi I cosmological model of the universe in $f(R,T)$ gravity theory which fit good with the present day scenario of accelerating universe. The model displays transition from deceleration in the past to the acceleration at the present. As in the $Λ$CDM model, we have defined the three energy parameters $Ω_m$, $Ω_μ$ and $Ω_σ$ such that $Ω_m$ + $Ω_μ$ + $Ω_σ$ = 1. The parameter $Ω_m$ is the matter energy density (baryons + dark matter), $Ω_μ$ is the energy density associated with the Ricci scalar $R$ and the trace $T$ of the energy momentum tensor and $Ω_σ$ is the energy density associated with the anisotropy of the universe. We shall call $Ω_μ$ dominant over the other two due to its higher value. We find that the $Ω_μ$ and the other two in the ratio 3:1. 46 Hubble OHD data set is used to estimate present values of Hubble $H_0$, deceleration $q_0$ and jerk $j$ parameters. 1$σ$, 2$σ$ and 3$σ$ contour region plots for the estimated values of parameters are presented. 580 SNIa supernova distance modulus data set and 66 pantheon SNIa data which include high red shift data in the range $0\leq z\leq 2.36$ have been used to draw error bar plots and likelihood probability curves for distance modulus and apparent magnitude of SNIa supernova's. We have calculated the pressures and densities associated with the two matter densities, viz., $p_μ$, $ρ_μ$, $p_m$ and $ρ_m$, respectively. The present age of the universe as per our model is also evaluated and it is found at par with the present observed values.
description: 19 pages, 19 figures. The European Physical Journal Plus. 2023. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2303.14136
SMT 2.0: A Surrogate Modeling Toolbox with a focus on Hierarchical and Mixed Variables Gaussian Processes
Creators: name: Saves, Paul
name: Lafage, Remi
name: Bartoli, Nathalie
name: Diouane, Youssef
name: Bussemaker, Jasper
name: Lefebvre, Thierry
name: Hwang, John T.
name: Morlier, Joseph
name: Martins, Joaquim R. R. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Mathematical Software (cs.MS)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The Surrogate Modeling Toolbox (SMT) is an open-source Python package that offers a collection of surrogate modeling methods, sampling techniques, and a set of sample problems. This paper presents SMT 2.0, a major new release of SMT that introduces significant upgrades and new features to the toolbox. This release adds the capability to handle mixed-variable surrogate models and hierarchical variables. These types of variables are becoming increasingly important in several surrogate modeling applications. SMT 2.0 also improves SMT by extending sampling methods, adding new surrogate models, and computing variance and kernel derivatives for Kriging. This release also includes new functions to handle noisy and use multifidelity data. To the best of our knowledge, SMT 2.0 is the first open-source surrogate library to propose surrogate models for hierarchical and mixed inputs. This open-source software is distributed under the New BSD license.
description: 10.1016/j.advengsoft.2023.103571
Faculty Workshops: Incorporating the Framework and Embedding Information Literacy in Undergraduate Courses
Creators: name: Martinez-Montavon, Anna Michelle
name: Harden, Melissa
Publisher: name: University of Notre Dame
Year: 2023

description: The Introduction of the Framework for Information Literacy for Higher Education encourages teaching faculty to design “curricula and assignments that foster enhanced engagement with the core ideas about information and scholarship within their disciplines.” However, disciplinary faculty are often unsure how to facilitate student engagement with information literacy in an effective way and may not even be aware that they are communicating these concepts to their students. Librarians have an opportunity to help faculty understand that the Framework for Information Literacy for Higher Education can be a powerful tool when planning assignments, activities, and discussions and can assist faculty in surfacing information literacy concepts in their courses. To begin introducing the Framework to our campus and to embed some of these concepts in first-year courses, we—the Instructional Design Librarian and the First Year Experience Librarian—designed a workshop for disciplinary faculty scheduled to teach a university seminar. In this workshop, we use the Framework to explore the breadth and depth of information literacy and help faculty identify the ways in which they already incorporate information literacy instruction in their courses. In this chapter, we will review relevant literature on faculty and librarian partnerships as it relates to information literacy workshops and course design. We will describe the main elements of the workshop and the common questions, comments, and feedback we have received from faculty participants. We will close the chapter with strategies for implementing similar workshops at other campuses, including some of the challenges others might experience and ways to work around them.
Additional file 1: of Loss of CREST leads to neuroinflammatory responses and ALS-like motor defects in mice
Creators: name: Cheng, Cheng
name: Yang, Kan
name: Wu, Xinwei
name: Zhang, Yuefang
name: Shan, Shifang
name: Gitler, Aaron
name: Ghosh, Anirvan
name: Qiu, Zilong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Plant Biology

description: Table S1. Key Resources Table. (DOCX 74 kb)
title: Place recognition and factor graph localization for mobile robots using Google indoor street view
Creators: name: Tennakoon, Kusal B.
Publisher: name: Memorial University of Newfoundland
Year: 2020

description: This thesis develops an indoor localization system for mobile robots using Google indoor street view. The proposed localization system consists of two main modules. The first is a place recognition system based on Google’s indoor street view. Its purpose is to determine the position of the robot in terms of the node on the street view map that is closest to the robot’s actual location. It is achieved by comparing an image captured by the robot’s camera against the indoor street view images. In order to achieve the best accuracy possible, the input image is compared to every street view image. The system employs two verification stages. The first stage is based on the visual similarity among the images. The best five images that qualified through this stage become candidate images for the second verification stage. In this stage, the geometric consistency between the images is assessed. The image that passes this test with the highest similarity score is considered a match with the input image. The proposed place recognition system is tested on different data sets and the performance is assessed using standard evaluation metrics. The second part is the main module of the proposed localization system. It is a graph-based estimation module that incorporates the odometry data, visual feedback, and motion data that eventually is solved via optimization techniques. The result is the estimates of the robot’s locations at specified intervals along its journey. It uses odometry data to interpret connections among successive poses. Also, it uses visual information from the robot’s camera to establish constraints between the robot’s poses and the map. It is achieved through constraints derived using two images, one from the robot’s camera and one from the node in the map that matches best with the image from the robot’s camera. The localization system is designed to minimize the drift caused by the odometer. The system is simulated and then tested for a data set captured at the Memorial University of Newfoundland engineering building basement. The performance of the system is evaluated using standard error metrics.
Supersymmetric and Kaluza-Klein Particles Multiple Scattering in the Earth
Creators: name: Albuquerque, Ivone F. M.
name: Klein, Spencer R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Neutrino telescopes with cubic kilometer volume have the potential to discover new particles. Among them are next to lightest supersymmetric (NLSPs) and next to lightest Kaluza-Klein (NLKPs) particles. Two NLSPs or NLKPs will transverse the detector simultaneously producing parallel charged tracks. The track separation inside the detector can be a few hundred meters. As these particles might propagate a few thousand kilometers before reaching the detector, multiple scattering could enhance the pair separation at the detector. We find that the multiple scattering will alter the separation distribution enough to increase the number of NLKP pairs separated by more than 100 meters (a reasonable experimental cut) by up to 46% depending on the NLKP mass. Vertical upcoming NLSPs will have their separation increased by 24% due to multiple scattering.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Additional file 1 of Clinical experiences and predictors of success of treatment with vedolizumab in IBD patients: a cohort study
Creators: name: Mühl, Laura
name: Becker, Emily
name: Müller, Tanja M.
name: Atreya, Raja
name: Atreya, Imke
name: Neurath, Markus F.
name: Zundler, Sebastian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1. Univariable and multivariable analyses for secondary endpoints.