cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A new integrable system on the sphere
Creators: name: Dullin, Holger R.
name: Matveev, Vladimir S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 37J35, 58F07, 58F17, 70H06, 70E40

description: We present a new Liouville-integrable natural Hamiltonian system on the (cotangent bundle of the) two-dimensional sphere. The second integral is cubic in the momenta.
description: LaTeX, 15 pages
First Exploration of Neutron Shell Structure Below Lead and Beyond $\boldsymbol{N=126}$
Creators: name: Tang, T. L.
name: Kay, B. P.
name: Hoffman, C. R.
name: Schiffer, J. P.
name: Sharp, D. K.
name: Gaffney, L. P.
name: Freeman, S. J.
name: Mumpower, M. R.
name: Arokiaraj, A.
name: Baader, E. F.
name: Butler, P. A.
name: Catford, W. N.
name: de Angelis, G.
name: Flavigny, F.
name: Gott, M. D.
name: Gregor, E. T.
name: Konki, J.
name: Labiche, M.
name: Lazurus, I. H.
name: MacGregor, P. T.
name: Martel, I.
name: Page, R. D.
name: Podolyák, Zs.
name: Poleshchuk, O.
name: Raabe, R.
name: Recchia, F.
name: Smith, J. F.
name: Szwec, S. V.
name: Yang, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nuclei below lead but with more than 126 neutrons are crucial to an understanding of the astrophysical $r$-process in producing nuclei heavier than $A\sim190$. Despite their importance, the structure and properties of these nuclei remain experimentally untested as they are difficult to produce in nuclear reactions with stable beams. In a first exploration of the shell structure of this region, neutron excitations in $^{207}$Hg have been probed using the neutron-adding ($d$,$p$) reaction in inverse kinematics. The radioactive beam of $^{206}$Hg was delivered to the new ISOLDE Solenoidal Spectrometer at an energy above the Coulomb barrier. The spectroscopy of $^{207}$Hg marks a first step in improving our understanding of the relevant structural properties of nuclei involved in a key part of the path of the $r$-process.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
On the Optimum Design of Planar Parallel Mechanisms Based On kinematic Sensitivity and Workspace
Creators: name: Daneshmand, Morteza
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mechanical Engineering
subject: FOS: Mechanical engineering

description: This paper aims at surveying the efficiency of different types of planar parallel mechanisms, considering both kinematic sensitivity and workspace. Two performance indices are considered for the purposes of this paper, namely, point-displacement and rotational kinematic sensitivity, which are recently proposed to the end of alleviating the limitations of some notorious indices such as manipulability and dexterity. The process of refining the design parameters and finally comparing them is possible upon optimization procedures. Computational algorithms for this purpose are carried out upon the concept of genetic algorithm. Single-objective optimization is accomplished by resorting to differential evolution algorithm. For multi-objective optimization, a novel approach, referred to as covector evolution, is introduced, which offers the most reliable decision, in order to make a settlement between the different contradictory objectives. Finally, according to the obtained results, the performances of these mechanisms are put into contrast.
Additional file 2 of Variations of a group coaching intervention to support early-career biomedical researchers in Grant proposal development: a pragmatic, four-arm, group-randomized trial
Creators: name: Weber-Main, Anne Marie
name: Engler, Jeffrey
name: McGee, Richard
name: Egger, Marlene J.
name: Jones, Harlan P.
name: Wood, Christine V.
name: Boman, Kristin
name: Wu, Jiqiang
name: Langi, Andrew K.
name: Okuyemi, Kolawole S.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2. Excerpts from the Regular Dose Coaching Manual.
Energy dissipation for hereditary and energy conservation for non-local fractional wave equations
Creators: name: Zorica, Dušan
name: Oparnica, Ljubica
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the method of a priori energy estimates, energy dissipation is proved for the class of hereditary fractional wave equations, obtained through the system of equations consisting of equation of motion, strain, and fractional order constitutive models, that include the distributed-order constitutive law in which the integration is performed from zero to one generalizing all linear constitutive models of fractional and integer orders, as well as for the thermodynamically consistent fractional Burgers models, where the orders of fractional differentiation are up to the second order. In the case of non-local fractional wave equations, obtained using non-local constitutive models of Hooke- and Eringen-type in addition to the equation of motion and strain, a priori energy estimates yield the energy conservation, with the reinterpreted notion of the potential energy.
Dynamics of zero-tillage wheat adoption in the Eastern Indo-Gangetic Plains: socially inclusive use through custom-hiring services?
Creators: name: Keil, A.
name: Mitra, A.
name: Srivastava, A.
name: McDonald, A.
name: Keil, A.
name: Mitra, A.
name: Srivastava, A.
name: McDonald, A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: Zero-tillage (ZT) is a proven technology for sustainably enhancing wheat productivity in the densely populated Indo-Gangetic Plains (IGP). However, adoption remains modest, especially in the less productive East where farms are small, poverty is widespread, and ZT is relatively new and accessed mostly via custom-hiring services. To inform policy-makers and derive extension recommendations, we use a unique panel dataset from 961 wheat-growing households in Bihar to explore the dynamics of ZT adoption and its determinants over a three-year period, accounting for social network effects and access to ZT services. Using a heckprobit approach we estimate determinants of ZT awareness and -use in 2012 and 2015, correcting for non-exposure bias. We apply a multinomial logit model to identify determinants of early adoption, recent adoption, non-adoption, and dis-adoption. We find that a strong initial scale bias in knowledge and use of ZT declined substantially over the subsequent three-year period. Land fragmentation replaced total landholding size as a significant adoption determinant, education and caste mattered less, and the effect of farmers social networks increased. We conclude that the deployment of ZT through private-sector service providers can lead to relatively socially inclusive outcomes and recommend that service provision be fostered through appropriate policies. Acknowledgement : We gratefully acknowledge the willingness of the interviewed farm households to participate in the surveys. We thank USAID and the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation for funding this research through the Cereal Systems Initiative for South Asia (CSISA) under the CGIAR Research Program on Wheat.
Density field in extended Lagrangian perturbation theory
Creators: name: Tatekawa, Takayuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyzed the performance of a perturbation theory for nonlinear cosmological dynamics, based on the Lagrangian description of hydrodynamics. In our previous paper, we solved hydrodynamic equations for a self-gravitating fluid with pressure, given by a polytropic equation of state, using a perturbation method. Then we obtained the first-order solutions in generic background universes and the second-order solutions for a wider range of polytrope exponents. Using these results, we describe density fields with scale-free spectrum, SCDM, and LCDM models. Then we analyze cross-correlation coefficient of the density field between N-body simulation and Lagrangian linear perturbation theory, and the probability distribution of density fluctuation. From our analyses, for scale-free spectrum models, the case of the polytrope exponent 5/3 shows better performance than the Zel'dovich approximation and the truncated Zel'dovich approximation in a quasi-nonlinear regime. On the other hand, for SCDM and LCDM models, improvement by the effect of the velocity dispersion was small.
description: 23 pages, 9 figures; some figures are replaced; accepted for publication in Phys.Rev.D
Path Planning and Obstacle Avoidance of Mobile Robots via Potential Field Based Fuzzy Controlling
Creators: name: Daneshmand, Morteza
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 90602 Control Systems, Robotics and Automation
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This paper proposes a real-time in-house target detection procedure for path planning and obstacle avoidance of unmanned vehicles in unknown environments, where the so-called e-puck mobile robot is considered as a case-study. The concept of potential field method is used as a fundamental element in the control loop, which produces the force vector determining the direction and velocity of the navigation of the mobile robot. As the e-puck mobile robot is equipped with limited sensory facilities, a combination of the potential vectors is used to calculate the overall potential force. Moreover, in order to circumvent the ripples and unevenness of the path produced by the potential field function, and avoid sticking in local minimum traps, a fuzzy controller plant is utilized which maps the value returned by the potential field function and the difference between the desired situation of the mobile robot and the present one into velocity commands for the wheels of the mobile robot. Furthermore, kinematic modeling and dynamic properties of the e-puck mobile robot is presented. Afterward, the selected bunch of path planning plants are set up to complete the navigation control loop. Finally, the results of implementation of the proposed path planning and obstacle avoidance strategy in the considered experimental case-study are illustrated which ascertain its practicability.
Additional file 3 of Variations of a group coaching intervention to support early-career biomedical researchers in Grant proposal development: a pragmatic, four-arm, group-randomized trial
Creators: name: Weber-Main, Anne Marie
name: Engler, Jeffrey
name: McGee, Richard
name: Egger, Marlene J.
name: Jones, Harlan P.
name: Wood, Christine V.
name: Boman, Kristin
name: Wu, Jiqiang
name: Langi, Andrew K.
name: Okuyemi, Kolawole S.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 3. Schedule and Procedures for the Mock Study Section.
The impact of single farm payments on technical inefficiency of French crop farms
Creators: name: Ayouba, Kassoum
name: Boussemart, Jean-Philippe
name: Vigeant, Stéphane
name: Ayouba, Kassoum
name: Boussemart, Jean-Philippe
name: Vigeant, Stéphane
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 3107
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Single farm payments (SFPs)
subject: Technical inefficiency
subject: Data envelopment analysis
subject: Double bootstrap

description: This paper analyses the effect of single farm payments (SFPs) introduced by the Luxembourg agreements (2003) of the Common Agricultural Policy, on the performance of crop farms in Eure-et-Loir, France, over the period 2005–2008. Technical inefficiency scores of these crop farms are first estimated. Then, the estimated technical inefficiency scores are regressed on SFPs received by farmers following a standard two-step procedure. The analysis shows a negative effect of SFPs on the technical inefficiency of Eure-et-Loir farms. This implies that subsidies granted to farms without production restrictions seem to reduce technical inefficiency.
Harmonic functions, central quadrics, and twistor theory
Creators: name: Dunajski, Maciej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 53C26;53C28

description: Solutions to the $n$-dimensional Laplace equation which are constant on a central quadric are found. The associated twistor description of the case $n=3$ is used to characterise Gibbons-Hawking metrics with tri-holomorphic $SL(2, \C)$ symmetry.
description: Final version. To appear in CQG
Mandatory integrated pest management in the European Union: experimental insights on consumers’ reactions
Creators: name: Lefebvre, M.
name: Biguzzi, C.
name: Ginon, E.
name: Gomez-Y-Paloma, S.
name: Langrell, S. R. H.
name: Marette, S.
name: Mateu, G.
name: Sutan, A.
name: Lefebvre, M.
name: Biguzzi, C.
name: Ginon, E.
name: Gomez-Y-Paloma, S.
name: Langrell, S. R. H.
name: Marette, S.
name: Mateu, G.
name: Sutan, A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2703
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Integrated pest management
subject: Organic Tomatoes
subject: Sustainable use of pesticides directive
subject: Multinomial probit
subject: Open-ended choice experiment

description: A realistic experiment with 189 French consumers was conducted to analyse consumers’ reaction to the transition towards integrated pest management (IPM) as the standard in European farming. Results indicate high substitutability between IPM and organic tomatoes. It suggests that IPM sales will benefit from the withdrawal of conventional products from the market only if there is a significant reduction in the price of IPM products as compared to organic ones and/or an important increase in the shelf space dedicated to IPM products. While information on IPM guidelines increases IPM products purchases, providing extra information on residue levels in IPM tomatoes has no further impact on consumers’ choices in this experiment.
Probing gluon helicity distribution and quark transversity through hyperon polarization in singly polarized pp collisions
Creators: name: Xu, Qing-hua
name: Liang, Zuo-tang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the polarization of hyperon in different processes in singly polarized $pp$ collisions, in particular its relation to the polarized parton distributions. We show that by measuring hyperon polarization in particularly chosen processes, one can extract useful information on these parton distributions. We show in particular that, by measuring the $Σ^+$ polarization in high $p_T$ direct photon production process, one can extract information on the gluon helicity distribution; and by measuring the transverse polarization of hyeprons with high $p_T$ in singly polarized reactions, one can obtain useful information on the transversity distribution. We present the numerical results obtained for those hyperon polarizations using different models for parton distribution function and those for the spin transfer in fragmentation processes.
description: 25 pages, 8 figures, to appear in Phys. Rev. D
Leave-One-Out Cross-Validation for Bayesian Model Comparison in Large Data
Creators: name: Magnusson, Måns
name: Andersen, Michael Riis
name: Jonasson, Johan
name: Vehtari, Aki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recently, new methods for model assessment, based on subsampling and posterior approximations, have been proposed for scaling leave-one-out cross-validation (LOO) to large datasets. Although these methods work well for estimating predictive performance for individual models, they are less powerful in model comparison. We propose an efficient method for estimating differences in predictive performance by combining fast approximate LOO surrogates with exact LOO subsampling using the difference estimator and supply proofs with regards to scaling characteristics. The resulting approach can be orders of magnitude more efficient than previous approaches, as well as being better suited to model comparison.
An Einstein-like theory of gravity with a non-newtonian weak-field limit
Creators: name: Cadoni, Mariano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a model describing Einstein gravity coupled to a scalar field with an exponential potential. We show that the weak-field limit of the model has static solutions given by a gravitational potential behaving for large distances as \ln r . The Newtonian term GM/r appears only as subleading. Our model can be used to give a phenomenological explanation of the rotation curves of the galaxies without postulating the presence of dark matter. This can be achieved only by giving up at galactic scales Einstein equivalence principle.
description: Final version, accepted for publication on General Relativity and Gravitation
Functional inequalities for forward and backward diffusions
Creators: name: Bartl, Daniel
name: Tangpi, Ludovic
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this article we derive Talagrand's $T_2$ inequality on the path space w.r.t. the maximum norm for various stochastic processes, including solutions of one-dimensional stochastic differential equations with measurable drifts, backward stochastic differential equations, and the value process of optimal stopping problems. The proofs do not make use of the Girsanov method, but of pathwise arguments. These are used to show that all our processes of interest are Lipschitz transformations of processes which are known to satisfy desired functional inequalities.
Dielectric response of the charge-ordered two-dimensional nickelate La1.5Sr0.5NiO4
Creators: name: Rivas, J.
name: Rivas-Murias, B.
name: Fondado, A.
name: Mira, J.
name: Senaris-Rodriguez, M. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We are reporting the dielectric response of La1.5Sr0.5NiO4, a system that presents a charge-ordered state above room temperature and a rearrangement of its charge-order pattern in the temperature region 160-200 K. A careful analysis of the role of the electric contacts used, sample thickness and grain size on the experimental data allows us to determine that this material exhibits high values of intrinsic dielectric constant. The variation of the dielectric constant with temperature shows a maximum in the region of the rearrangement of the charge-order pattern, which constitutes an evidence of the link between both phenomena.
description: The original version, submitted on 31 July 2003, has been replaced, because the role of extrinsic effects is now taken into account in the calculation of the dielectric constant
Additional file 4 of Variations of a group coaching intervention to support early-career biomedical researchers in Grant proposal development: a pragmatic, four-arm, group-randomized trial
Creators: name: Weber-Main, Anne Marie
name: Engler, Jeffrey
name: McGee, Richard
name: Egger, Marlene J.
name: Jones, Harlan P.
name: Wood, Christine V.
name: Boman, Kristin
name: Wu, Jiqiang
name: Langi, Andrew K.
name: Okuyemi, Kolawole S.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 4. Arm-specific Checklists for Coaches, Participants, and Scientific Advisors.
Three-dimensional analysis of the Minispiral at the Galactic Center: orbital parameters, periods and the mass of the black hole
Creators: name: Nitschai, Maria Selina
name: Neumayer, Nadine
name: Feldmeier-Krause, Anja
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we simultaneously fit the orbits and line-of-sight velocities of the ionized gas around the supermassive black hole, Sagittarius A$^{\ast}$ (Sgr A$^{\ast}$), at the center of the Milky Way. The data we use are taken with the K-band Multi Object Spectrograph (KMOS), presented in Feldmeier-Krause et al. (2015) and cover the central $\sim$ 2 pc of the Milky Way. From the brightest gas emission line in the K-band, the Br$γ$ line, we derive the spatial distribution and line-of-sight velocities of the gas in the minispiral. Using the flux distribution and the line-of-sight velocity information, we perform a fit to the three main gas streamers in the minispiral, the Northern Arm, Eastern Arm, and Western Arc, using a Bayesian modelling method, and are able to reconstruct the three-dimensional orbits of these gas streamers. With the best fit orbital parameters and the measured line-of-sight velocities, we constrain the mass of Sgr A$^{\ast}$. The orbit of the Eastern Arm is the one that is best constrained using our data. It gives a best-fit orbital period of $17.4_{-11.6}^{+31.0}\cdot 10^3$ years and results in an enclosed mass of $14.9_{-10.4}^{+69.4}\cdot 10^6 M_{\odot}.$
description: 14 pages, 12 figures, 2 tables. Accepted for publication in ApJ
Quantum Mechanical Cumulant Dynamics near Stable Periodic Orbits in Phase Space: Application to the classical-like dynamics of quantum accelerator modes
Creators: name: Bach, R.
name: Burnett, K.
name: d'Arcy, M. B.
name: Gardiner, S. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We formulate a general method for the study of semiclassical-like dynamics in stable regions of a mixed phase-space, in order to theoretically study the dynamics of quantum accelerator modes. In the simplest case, this involves determining solutions, which are stable when constrained to remain pure-state Gaussian wavepackets, and then propagating them using a cumulant-based formalism. Using this methodology, we study the relative longevity, under different parameter regimes, of quantum accelerator modes. Within this attractively simple formalism, we are able to obtain good qualitative agreement with exact wavefunction dynamics.
description: 20 pages, 4 figures. Very substantially revised and expanded version
Systematically Improvable Tensor Hypercontraction: Interpolative Separable Density-Fitting for Molecules Applied to Exact Exchange, Second- and Third-Order Møller-Plesset Perturbation Theory
Creators: name: Lee, Joonho
name: Lin, Lin
name: Head-Gordon, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a systematically improvable tensor hypercontraction (THC) factorization based on interpolative separable density fitting (ISDF). We illustrate algorithmic details to achieve this within the framework of Becke's atom-centered quadrature grid. A single ISDF parameter $c_\text{ISDF}$ controls the tradeoff between accuracy and cost. In particular, $c_\text{ISDF}$ sets the number of interpolation points used in THC, $N_\text{IP} = c_\text{ISDF}\times N_\text{X}$ with $N_\text{X}$ being the number of auxiliary basis functions. In conjunction with the resolution-of-the-identity (RI) technique, we develop and investigate the THC-RI algorithms for cubic-scaling exact exchange for Hartree-Fock and range-separated hybrids (e.g., $ω$B97X-V) and quartic-scaling second- and third-order Møller-Plesset theory (MP2 and MP3). These algorithms were evaluated over the W4-11 thermochemistry (atomization energy) set and A24 non-covalent interaction benchmark set with standard Dunning basis sets (cc-pVDZ, cc-pVTZ, aug-cc-pVDZ, and aug-cc-pVTZ). We demonstrate the convergence of THC-RI algorithms to numerically exact RI results using ISDF points. Based on these, we make recommendations on $c_\text{ISDF}$ for each basis set and method. We also demonstrate the utility of THC-RI exact exchange and MP2 for larger systems such as water clusters and $\text{C}_{20}$. We stress that more challenges await in obtaining accurate and numerically stable THC factorization for wavefunction amplitudes as well as the space spanned by virtual orbitals in large basis sets and implementing sparsity-aware THC-RI algorithms.
Autonomy under contract: the case of traditional free-range poultry farmers
Creators: name: Adam, Cécile J.M.
name: Ducrot, Christian P.M.
name: Paul, Mathilde C.
name: Fortané, Nicolas
name: Adam, Cécile J.M.
name: Ducrot, Christian P.M.
name: Paul, Mathilde C.
name: Fortané, Nicolas
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 604
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Work
subject: Autonomy
subject: Livestock farming
subject: Integration
subject: Antimicrobials
subject: Broiler

description: This article explores the autonomy developed by free-range poultry farmers in their daily work. In this type of livestock production, farmers are linked by a contract to a farmer organization, to which they sell their broilers in exchange for a payment resembling a salary. The farmers do have autonomy in their work, which is framed by a set of prescriptions and rules. As they experience the same constraints, farmers involved in the same production mode develop a collective identity. Relationships of confidence progressively develop between the farmers and their technical staff (veterinary practitioners and production technicians). These good relationships strengthen the collective identity while also enabling the collective work between the three professionals. Veterinary practitioners and production technicians consecutively share some of the constraints and transfer part of their decision-making to the farmers. The latter thereby acquire more autonomy, even in fields apparently out of their reach. We illustrate the latter idea with the example of antimicrobial use. We observe that while strictly supervised by veterinary practitioners, farmers nevertheless manage to get involved in the decision underlying the prescription of antimicrobials.
title: Application of the conditioned network concept in high frequency power line carrier
Creators: name: Nicholson, Peter J.
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2002

description: The aim of the research described in this thesis was to investigate the possible use of underground Low Voltage Distribution Networks as a medium for the propagation of high frequency communication and data signals. Although the results and observations presented are based upon work carried out on a typical UK urban underground network, the same principles apply to most European underground Low Voltage Distribution Networks. The work was based around the use of frequencies greater than 1 MHz; these high frequencies provide enough bandwidth for a number of value added services to be offered in addition to the more usual Utility requirements for remote meter reading and load control. The research resulted in the development of an in-line filter element designed to limit the amount of Power Line Carrier noise egress from a distribution network whilst at the same time reducing the amount of high frequency noise entering the network.

The effects of the Electricity Distribution Network on high frequency signals are discussed in some detail. All Power Line Carrier systems must be capable of operating in the presence of noise. Network topology and individual network elements have a significant effect on high frequency signals; a number of topologies are described and the effects of changes in characteristic impedance and discontinuities are discussed.

 The results and observations were largely obtained from a Low Voltage Electricity Distribution Network in Kendal, Cumbria. The limited availability of expensive high frequency test equipment resulted in the need to develop unique testing procedures; these are described in full. Sample results from the tests undertaken in Kendal are presented and discussed.

The Conditioned Network concept is outlined and the design rules used to develop the in-line Conditioning Unit highlighted. A mathematical model for the filter element of the Conditioning Unit is developed and compared to empirical results obtained from laboratory experiments.
Objectives’ alignment between members and agricultural cooperatives
Creators: name: Bareille, François
name: Bonnet-Beaugrand, Florence
name: Duvaleix-Tréguer, Sabine
name: Bareille, François
name: Bonnet-Beaugrand, Florence
name: Duvaleix-Tréguer, Sabine
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1907
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Agricultural cooperatives
subject: Member commitment
subject: Farm innovation
subject: Economic involvement

description: Members’ commitment lessens when agricultural cooperatives grow larger. Their organization becomes more complex, and their membership more heterogeneous, which threatens their sustainability and leads them to implement specific mechanisms for collective decisions. We explore how the alignment of objectives between a multi-purpose cooperative and its members influences member commitment. We estimate a multinomial probit model on a cross-section sample of 3205 members from a large agricultural cooperative in France. We assess the determinants of member commitment through four factors: the offer of new agricultural practices, the availability of outlets and supplies to members, the farm distance to the cooperative headquarters and the farm governance. We show that the adoption of new agricultural practices has a small but significant effect. The availability of outlets and supplies has the strongest effect on the economic involvement of the farmers. Other determinants, such as farm governance or geographical distance to the cooperative headquarters, also reinforce member commitment.
A Low-Power Dual-Factor Authentication Unit for Secure Implantable Devices
Creators: name: Maji, Saurav
name: Banerjee, Utsav
name: Fuller, Samuel H
name: Abdelhamid, Mohamed R
name: Nadeau, Phillip M
name: Yazicigil, Rabia Tugce
name: Chandrakasan, Anantha P
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This paper presents a dual-factor authentication protocol and its low-power implementation for security of implantable medical devices (IMDs). The protocol incorporates traditional cryptographic first-factor authentication using Datagram Transport Layer Security - Pre-Shared Key (DTLS-PSK) followed by the user's touch-based voluntary second-factor authentication for enhanced security. With a low-power compact always-on wake-up timer and touch-based wake-up circuitry, our test chip consumes only 735 pW idle state power at 20.15 Hz and 2.5 V. The hardware accelerated dual-factor authentication unit consumes 8 $μ$W at 660 kHz and 0.87 V. Our test chip was coupled with commercial Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) transceiver, DC-DC converter, touch sensor and coin cell battery to demonstrate standalone implantable operation and also tested using in-vitro measurement setup.
description: Published in 2020 IEEE Custom Integrated Circuits Conference (CICC)
Additional file 5 of Variations of a group coaching intervention to support early-career biomedical researchers in Grant proposal development: a pragmatic, four-arm, group-randomized trial
Creators: name: Weber-Main, Anne Marie
name: Engler, Jeffrey
name: McGee, Richard
name: Egger, Marlene J.
name: Jones, Harlan P.
name: Wood, Christine V.
name: Boman, Kristin
name: Wu, Jiqiang
name: Langi, Andrew K.
name: Okuyemi, Kolawole S.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 5. Study Assessments and Data Acquisition Schedule.
Optimization and Comparison of Planar Parallel Robots Based on Kinematic Sensitivity and Workspace via a Genetic Algorithm-Based Method: NSGA-II
Creators: name: Daneshmand, Morteza
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mechanical Engineering
subject: FOS: Mechanical engineering

description: This paper presents the results of a comprehensive study on the efficiency of planar parallel mechanisms, considering their kinetostatic performance and also, their workspace. This aim is approached upon proceeding single- and multi-objective optimization procedures. Kinetostatic performance of ten different architectures is analyzed, by resorting to a recent index, kinematic sensitivity. The mathematical framework adopted for the optimization problem is based on genetic algorithm. The results of multi-objective optimization are based on the sets of Pareto points, offering the most reliable decisions to reconciliate between some conflicting objectives. To this end, the ten mechanisms are sorted into two sets based on their type of actuator, namely, five with prismatic actuators and the other ones with revolute actuators. Finally, a comparison between performances of these mechanisms, according to the obtained results, is carried out.
Investigation of the Kinematic Sensitivity of 3-RPR Parallel Mechanism
Creators: name: Daneshmand, Morteza
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mechanical Engineering
subject: FOS: Mechanical engineering

description: In the process of designing a robot, it is of paramount importance to define a kinetostatic performance criterion, where various performance indices are proposed for this purpose. These indices should be valid and correspond to the practical environment. The main goal of this paper is to provide a comprehensive investigation for the criteria proposed in the literature, based on the physical characteristics of the problem. The concept of this paper can be well extended to general parallel mechanisms. Among the suggested performance indices, dexterity, manipulability, condition number, and also the recently proposed, maximum point-displacement and rotational kinematic sensitivity are the most popular ones and are subject to be analyzed. In this paper, first according to the kinematic uncertainties, some performance indices are reviewed. Then, according to these indices, their ability to predict the errors for a 3-RPR parallel mechanism is considered. That is, a finite error is assumed in the joint space and the resulted error in the Cartesian space of the moving platform is compared with the values returned by these indices. Finally, it has been concluded that the maximum point-displacement and rotational kinematic sensitivity return more valid interpretation.
New criterion for direct black hole formation in rapidly rotating stellar collapse
Creators: name: Sekiguchi, Yu-ichirou
name: Shibata, Masaru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study gravitational collapse of rapidly rotating relativistic polytropes of the adiabatic index $Γ= 1.5$ and 2, in which the spin parameter $q \equiv J/M^{2} > 1$ where $J$ and $M$ are total angular momentum and gravitational mass, in full general relativity. First, analyzing initial distributions of the mass and the spin parameter inside stars, we predict the final outcome after the collapse. Then, we perform fully general relativistic simulations on assumption of axial and equatorial symmetries and confirm our predictions. As a result of simulations, we find that in contrast with the previous belief, even for stars with $q > 1$, the collapse proceeds to form a seed black hole at central region, and the seed black hole subsequently grows as the ambient fluids accrete onto it. We also find that growth of angular momentum and mass of the seed black hole can be approximately determined from the initial profiles of the density and the specific angular momentum. We define an effective spin parameter at the central region of the stars, $q_{c}$, and propose a new criterion for black hole formation as $q_{c} \alt 1$. Plausible reasons for the discrepancy between our and previous results are clarified.
description: submitted to PRD
Most real analytic Cauchy-Riemann manifolds are nonalgebraizable
Creators: name: Forstneric, Franc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 32V20, 32V30

description: We give a very simple argument to the effect that most germs of generic real analytic Cauchy-Riemann manifolds of positive CR dimension are not holomorphically embeddable into any generic real algebraic CR manifold of the same real codimension in a finite dimensional space. In particular, most such germs are not holomorphically equivalent to a germ of a generic real algebraic CR manifold.
description: To appear in Manuscripta Math
title: The Episcopal Church of Scotland, 1660-1685
Creators: name: Carter, Andrew Paterson
Publisher: name: University of St Andrews
Year: 2019

description: The restoration of episcopacy in the Church of Scotland in 1661 was a deeply divisive event, sparking the resignation of around a quarter of the clergy and initiating a large dissenting movement of presbyterians. This thesis examines how the established episcopal church coped in an age of religious pluralism, and how it convinced a generation of presbyterian clergy to accept bishops despite having sworn the National Covenant and the Solemn League and Covenant, which seemed to preclude them. James Sharp, Archbishop of St Andrews, has primarily been seen as a political operator, who may or may not have betrayed Scottish presbyterianism in return for a mitre in the early 1660s; this thesis looks at him as a churchman and recovers his and his colleagues’ view of Restoration episcopacy. Chapter One re-examines the events of 1660 and 1661 and finds that, far from helping restore bishops, Sharp worked with other clergy in a campaign to prove that presbyterianism could coexist with the newly restored monarchy. When this failed and bishops were restored, Archbishop Sharp and his colleagues persuaded a sceptical ministry to conform to episcopacy by pursuing an inclusive settlement and accepting a number of ecclesiological compromises, explored in Chapter Two. The difficulties of running such a broad church are considered in Chapter Three: the boundaries between conformity and non-conformity were more porous than historians have thought, and this chapter moves beyond simple binaries to describe how some lay people developed unique patterns of parochial non-conformity, picking between conforming clergy. Chapter Four looks at the attempts to deal with dissent through Indulgence and Accommodation schemes associated with Bishop Robert Leighton, and why they failed. Lastly, Chapter Five provides the first account of the royal supremacy in Restoration Scotland, and how the established church resisted Erastian control by the state.
Additional file 1 of Field epidemiology training programs contribute to COVID-19 preparedness and response globally
Creators: name: Hu, Audrey E.
name: Fontaine, Robert
name: Turcios-Ruiz, Reina
name: Abedi, Aisha A.
name: Williams, Seymour
name: Hilmers, Angela
name: Njoh, Eni
name: Bell, Elizabeth
name: Reddy, Carl
name: Ijaz, Kashef
name: Baggett, Henry C.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Supplemental Table. Descriptions of main themes identified through qualitative analysis of survey responses.
The origin of the power-law form of the extragalactic gamma-ray flux
Creators: name: Lipari, Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Fermi-LAT telescope has measured the extragalactic gamma-ray background (EGB) generated by the ensemble of all extragalactic sources. The energy distribution of the EGB is well described as a power-law with a spectral index approximately equal to 2.3, and an exponential cutoff, that is consistent with being the effect of absorption of high energy photons assuming an emission that is an unbroken power-law spectrum. The observations of the Fermi telescope have also resolved the EGB, determining that most of it is formed by the sum of the contributions of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) of the blazar class. The spectra of the individual AGN sources have a broad range of spectral shapes, and the brightest and most precisely measured sources have curved spectra that can be fitted with the "log-parabola" (or log-normal) form. It might appear surprising that the sum of contributions with different spectral shapes generate a spectrum that has a simple power-law form. We suggest that this fact reveals some important properties for the ensemble of the extragalactic sources, and indicates that the blazar high energy emission can be considered as a "critical phenomenon". A curved log--parabola (log-normal) form is also required to fit the spectra of many Galactic gamma-ray sources, including the emission from the brightest supernova remnants (SNR), and an intriguing possibility is that also the Galactic cosmic rays are injected in interstellar space by their sources not with a single universal power-law spectrum, as predicted by the commonly accepted models, but instead with a broad range of spectral shapes.
description: 26 pages, 10 figures
Optimal Path Planning of the e-puck Mobile Robot
Creators: name: Daneshmand, Morteza
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 90602 Control Systems, Robotics and Automation
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This paper proposes a real-time in-house target detection procedure for path planning and obstacle avoidance of unmanned vehicles in unknown environments, where the so-called e-puck mobile robot is considered as a case-study. The concept of potential field method is used as a fundamental element in the control loop, which produces the force vector determining the direction and velocity of the navigation of the mobile robot. As the e-puck mobile robot is equipped with limited sensory facilities, a combination of the potential vectors is used to calculate the overall potential force. Moreover, in order to circumvent the ripples and unevenness of the path produced by the potential field function, and avoid sticking in local minimum traps, a fuzzy controller plant is utilized which maps the value returned by the potential field function and the difference between the desired situation of the mobile robot and the present one into velocity commands for the wheels of the mobile robot. Furthermore, kinematic modeling and dynamic properties of the e-puck mobile robot is presented. Afterward, the selected bunch of path planning plants are set up to complete the navigation control loop. Finally, the results of implementation of the proposed path planning and obstacle avoidance strategy in the considered experimental case-study are illustrated which ascertain its practicability.
title: A Data Based Perspective on the Environmental Risk Assesssment of Human Pharmaceuticals
Creators: name: Webb, Simon Francis
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2001

description: The EU Medicinal Products Directive (65/65/EEC) has been amended to require an environmental risk assessment (ERA) for human pharmaceuticals effective January 1995. At present, official ERA guidelines have yet to be finalised. Previous discussions about their nature have taken place in the absence of a systematic analysis of the potential environmental impacts of pharmaceuticals. This study attempts to address this deficiency via a review of existing ecotoxicity data. Acute ecotoxicity data relating to >100 human pharmaceuticals have been collated. They suggest a lack of acute effects at <100 μg/\ in standard tests. Relative sensitivity based on acute effects was algae (most sensitive) > Daphnia > fish. Chronic effects data were limited and this was identified as a shortcoming. This was reinforced by observations of large differences between acute and chronic responses to steroids in fish. The availability of UK usage data permitted risk characterisation i.e., calculation of PEC/PNEC1 ratios for >60 compounds. Under "worst-case" fate assumptions of no human metabolism, passage of all material to drain, no removal during wastewater treatment and no surface water dilution of effluent, the large majority of pharmaceuticals yielded PEC/PNEC ratios <1 (in theory implying environmental safety). For the remainder, a consideration of surface water dilution and expected wastewater treatment removal was sufficient to yield PEC/PNEC <1. PNEC was based on acute effects data with an assessment factor of 1,000. These assessments ignore the potential for multiple exposure/mixture effects. Calculation of potential lifetime ingestion via drinking water employing "worst-case" assumptions (as above and no removal during drinking water treatment) revealed I70 values (based on ingestion of 2 litres/day for 70 years) generally equivalent to worst-case" exposure estimations.
Pion-Kaon correlations in central Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}} = 130$ GeV
Creators: name: Adams, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Pion-kaon correlation functions are constructed from central Au+Au data taken at $\sqrt{s_{NN}} = 130$ GeV. The results suggest that pions and kaons are not emitted at the same average space-time point. Space-momentum correlations, i.e. transverse flow, lead to a space-time emission asymmetry of pions and kaons that is consistent with the data. This result provides new independent evidence that the system created at RHIC undergoes a collective transverse expansion.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures, 1 table, As published Phys. Rev. Lett
Flabby strict deformation quantizations and K-groups
Creators: name: Li, Hanfeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We construct examples of flabby strict deformation quantizations not preserving K-groups. This answers a question of Rieffel negatively.
description: 6 pages, minor changes. To appear in K-theory