cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: The Effectiveness Of A Drug Education Programme In Silverwood Primary School: An Action Research Project
Creators: name: Latchem, Brian
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2002

description: The area under investigation was the implementation of a drug education programme in a primary school. The main aim of the study was to examine the effectiveness of the drug education programme. The study was conducted within a single primary school, involving years five and six pupils during a three year period. Data was collected using a variety of methods. The concerns, views and attitudes were sought from staff, governors and parents through a series of semi-structured interviews. Data was gathered from year five and six pupils using questionnaires, attitude surveys, group interviews and a ‘draw and write’ activity. Classroom observations were undertaken and staff were also involved in a ‘nominal group technique’ method which produced a whole staff view of the value of teaching drug education in the primary school. The findings from the study clearly indicate that drug education is seen by the majority of those involved to be of enormous value and should be taught in the primary school. The study found that most of the children by the time they reach the end of Key Stage 2, had quite an extensive knowledge of drugs and drug issues. However, this is not the case for all the pupils. Evidence from the study showed there was a degree of variability in the level of awareness between years five and six. Progressive focussing involved ‘action’ being continually undertaken. This ‘action’ was based on the findings from the ‘research’ work carried out during this study. The drug education programmes of study were redeveloped and implemented during the main study. The study suggests that there is a need to address several areas of concern expressed by both staff and pupils. The areas needing careful consideration before the next drug education programmes of study are developed include: - the length of individual sessions; - extension of the number of sessions during the year; - creating a higher profile for tobacco and alcohol; - developing further ‘life-skills’ sessions. The study concluded that the drug education programme of study as presented to the Year 5 and 6 pupils was effective based on the set of success criteria developed at the beginning of the study.
Postawy mieszkańców wsi wobec odnawialnych źródeł energii
Creators: name: Gradziuk, Barbara
name: Gradziuk, Barbara
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: rural residents
subject: renewable energy

description: The aim of the study was to investigate the attitudes of rural residents towards renewable energy sources. It was conducted in 2010 in 16 Polish voivodships. Energy is a major determinant of economic activity and development of the civilization. It is expected that due to the depletion of resources and the consequent increase of energy prices, the share of conventional fuels: oil, natural gas and coal will be reduced after 2020. The conventional energy sources will be substituted by renewable energy sources. The renewable energy sources can to the certain degree result in improvement of energy security (particularly at the regional level) as well as lower costs of energy consumption. Despite the assumptions that production of biofuels for own needs can reduce the cost of agricultural production, only few farmers decided to produce biofuels. The paper presents the results that allow to identify some of the barriers to the development of production of renewable energy in rural areas. Based on the obtained results the barriers limiting the development of renewable energy sources in rural areas were identified.
Additional file 3 of Machine learning classification of archaea and bacteria identifies novel predictive genomic features
Creators: name: Bobbo, Tania
name: Biscarini, Filippo
name: Yaddehige, Sachithra K.
name: Alberghini, Leonardo
name: Rigoni, Davide
name: Bianchi, Nicoletta
name: Taccioli, Cristian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Supplementary file 3.
Dynamic Excitations of Chiral Magnetic Textures
Creators: name: Lonsky, Martin
name: Hoffmann, Axel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spin eigenexcitations of skyrmions and related chiral magnetic textures have attracted considerable interest over the recent years owing to their strong potential for applications in information processing and microwave devices. The emergence of novel material systems, such as synthetic ferri- and antiferromagnets, the continuing progress in micro- and nanofabrication techniques, and the development of more sophisticated characterization methods will undoubtedly provide a further boost to this young particular line of research. This Perspective summarizes the most significant advances during the past years and indicates future directions of both theoretical and experimental work.
description: This is a revised version of an article submitted to APL Materials as a Perspective. After it is published, it will be found at https://aip.scitation.org/journal/apm
Hadronic aspects of exotic baryons
Creators: name: Oset, E.
name: Sarkar, S.
name: Vacas, M. J. Vicente
name: Mateu, V.
name: Hyodo, T.
name: Hosaka, A.
name: Llanes-Estrada, F. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this talk I look into three different topics, addressing first the possibility that the $Θ^+$ is a bound state of $K πN$, exploiting the results of this study to find out the contribution of two meson and one baryon components in the baryon antidecuplet and in the third place I present results on a new resonant exotic baryonic state which appears as dynamically generated by the Weinberg Tomozawa $ΔK$ interaction.
description: Talk at the International Workshop PENTAQUARK04
Hamiltonian model of heat conductivity and Fourier law
Creators: name: Gruber, Christian
name: Lesne, Annick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the stationary nonequilibrium states of a quasi one-dimensional system of heavy particles whose interaction is mediated by purely elastic collisions with light particles, in contact at the boundary with two heat baths with fixed temperatures $T^+$ and $T^-$. It is shown that Fourier law is satisfied with a thermal conductivity proportional to $\sqrt{T(x)}$ where $T(x)$ is the local temperature. Entropy flux and entropy production are also investigated.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures
title: “The Majority They Don't Like Answering”: Classroom Discourse In Kenyan Primary Schools
Creators: name: Pontefract, Caroline
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2002

description: This research addresses the role of classroom discourse in supporting children’s learning in Kenyan primary schools. Using a triangulated research approach, I explored the teachers’ practice and perceptions of their discourse strategies. This study involved the development of a classroom observation framework, a questionnaire schedule and a semi-structured teacher interview; this led to the generation of both qualitative and quantitative data. In developing the research instruments, 1 particularly reviewed the work of Flanders, Sinclair and Coulthard, Barnes, Wragg and Brown, and Hardman. Underpinning my study was a theoretical framework of how children learn, which was drawn from the ideas of Vygotsky, Bruner, Piaget, Edwards and Mercer. A strand within this framework was the consideration of the context of learning through a second language. The ideas of Mayor and Wells, together with their implications for classroom discourse and organisation, were discussed here. My analysis of the classroom discourse focused on the three dimensions identified by Sinclair and Coulthard: teacher initiation, pupil response and teacher feedback. Within these dimensions, my discussion considered teacher input and its combination of initiation and feedback strategies. It also considered three elements of pupil response - their nature, their length, and whether they were choral or individual. Attention was also paid to the way in which the pattern of classroom discourse ensured curriculum coverage and created a semblance of pupils’ participation in the learning, which belied their actual passivity. My study concludes with a discussion of the implications of the research findings for inservice training. Whilst acknowledging that such training alone cannot address the constraints faced in the Kenyan schools, it suggests that it has a role to play in developing teachers’ professionalism and raising their awareness of their own practice and its implications for children’s learning.
title: Talkin' Proper: The Challenges Facing Students From Non-Traditional Pathways On Initial Teacher Training Courses
Creators: name: Horner, Chris
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2002

description: Against a background of government policy on raising standards and of broadening access to Higher Education and recruitment of teachers in the new millennium, this thesis explores the implications of government policy on promoting standard English for a group of student teachers from non-traditional backgrounds. Focusing on a sample of fourteen student teachers in Essex and London universities, I used semi-structured interviews and a sample of students’ written work to investigate their knowledge about standard English and their competence and confidence in using it. I discovered that there is no clearly agreed definition of standard English in the academic literature, the policy documents or in students’ own discourse, with definitions focussing more on concrete linguistic features or on social or political aspects, depending on the function and purpose of the definition. Discussion of standard English is further complicated by issues of register and the differences between spoken and written English. I found that nonstandard usage in the students’ spoken and written English was confined to a few non-standard constructions. They perceived standard English as the prestige variety from which they had been excluded and were disadvantaged more by lack of confidence than lack of competence. I conclude that every effort should be made by those interested in raising standards to move away from a prescriptive account of language and a simplistic evaluation of subject knowledge. To encourage students from a range of language backgrounds to enter the teaching profession, the revised Initial Teacher Training curriculum should reflect a descriptive model of grammar that recognises the power and potential of language in all its forms.
Image Matching by Bare Homography
Creators: name: Bellavia, Fabio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper presents Slime, a novel non-deep image matching framework which models the scene as rough local overlapping planes. This intermediate representation sits in-between the local affine approximation of the keypoint patches and the global matching based on both spatial and similarity constraints, providing a progressive pruning of the correspondences, as planes are easier to handle with respect to general scenes.
 Slime decomposes the images into overlapping regions at different scales and computes loose planar homographies. Planes are mutually extended by compatible matches and the images are split into fixed tiles, with only the best homographies retained for each pair of tiles. Stable matches are identified according to the consensus of the admissible stereo configurations provided by pairwise homographies. Within tiles, the rough planes are then merged according to their overlap in terms of matches and further consistent correspondences are extracted.
 The whole process only involves homography constraints. As a result, both the coverage and the stability of correct matches over the scene are amplified, together with the ability to spot matches in challenging scenes, allowing traditional hybrid matching pipelines to make up lost ground against recent end-to-end deep matching methods.
 In addition, the paper gives a thorough comparative analysis of recent state-of-the-art in image matching represented by end-to-end deep networks and hybrid pipelines. The evaluation considers both planar and non-planar scenes, taking into account critical and challenging scenarios including abrupt temporal image changes and strong variations in relative image rotations. According to this analysis, although the impressive progress done in this field, there is still a wide room for improvements to be investigated in future research.
description: final post-print
Hartman effect and non-locality in quantum networks
Creators: name: Bandopadhyay, Swarnali
name: Jayannavar, A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the phase time for various quantum mechanical networks having potential barriers in its arms to find the generic presence of Hartman effect. In such systems it is possible to control the `super arrival' time in one of the arms by changing parameters on another, spatially separated from it. This is yet another quantum nonlocal effect. Negative time delays (time advancement) and `ultra Hartman effect' with negative saturation times have been observed in some parameter regimes.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
Additional file 4 of Machine learning classification of archaea and bacteria identifies novel predictive genomic features
Creators: name: Bobbo, Tania
name: Biscarini, Filippo
name: Yaddehige, Sachithra K.
name: Alberghini, Leonardo
name: Rigoni, Davide
name: Bianchi, Nicoletta
name: Taccioli, Cristian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Supplementary file 4.
title: Making Sense Of Mathematical Language In A Primary Classroom
Creators: name: Bold, Christine Elizabeth
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2002

description: This dissertation describes a classroom-based research project on the language of primary school mathematics as used in three mathematics lessons and eight structured interventions with children. My aim is to analyse the classroom dialogue and consider the effectiveness of the participants’ communication processes as they try to share their understanding of meanings of mathematical language. Literature from several research disciplines informs the analysis, although my prime interest is communication and thought processes. Methods were refined during a pilot project for Stage 1 of the EdD in the same classroom. My research shows that in some situations, mathematical language is far from precise in meaning, and the communicative processes used to make it potentially shareable are often tentative and transient according to the situation. In particular, I question the idea of setting mathematics into everyday contexts in order to improve communicative relevance, because children bring their own previous knowledge and experience to the interpretation of each situation. My analysis highlights that reference to everyday contexts might not be effective in communicating the meaning of probabilistic language. Part of the difficulty lies with probabilistic words also having everyday meanings, but the main difficulty is that few life events can be given probabilities such as ‘certain’ and ‘even chance’. Gestures and pictorial images are also influential when trying to communicate one’s understanding of meaning. A tentative conclusion is that referring to proportional relationships involving number, rather than real-life events might provide opportunity for more effective communication of probabilistic meanings. Teachers need to be aware that the language of mathematics is not always precise and that pictorial images and gesture have a powerful effect on the development of a shared understanding of meaning
Understanding pathogen selection pressures at the within- and between-host levels
Creators: name: Ball, Colleen L.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Many infectious pathogens, and in particular viruses, have an extremely high rate of mutation. This can lead to rapid evolution driven by selection pressures operating at both the within- and between-host levels, as strains compete for resources within their chosen host while also competing to effectively transmit to new hosts. In the case of chronic viral infections, such as the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) or hepatitis C, substantial viral evolution may take place within a single infected host. The fitness of a pathogen has been studied at the between-host level and at the within-host level, but linking the two levels of selection pressure is a difficult problem that has yet to be studied satisfactorily. We modify a simple model describing the within host dynamics of HIV infection by including multiple pathogen strains with different properties and allowing these strains to mutate. Within the host we observe different strategies for pathogen success during different stages of infection, which often leads to different strains predominating within the host over the course of infection. We then embed our within-host model into a Monte Carlo simulation that models the interactions between infected individuals. This approach allows us to combine selective pressure at the within-host level with pressures at the between-host level and helps us to predict which strains are most likely to be present within the population. We show that under our model assumptions the co-existence of multiple strains is possible and we explore the factors leading to the success of a pathogen.
The Good, the Bad, and the Missing: Neural Code Generation for Machine Learning Tasks
Creators: name: Shin, Jiho
name: Wei, Moshi
name: Wang, Junjie
name: Shi, Lin
name: Wang, Song
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Machine learning (ML) has been increasingly used in a variety of domains, while solving ML programming tasks poses unique challenges because of the fundamentally different nature and construction from general programming tasks, especially for developers who do not have ML backgrounds. Automatic code generation that produces a code snippet from a natural language description can be a promising technique to accelerate ML programming tasks. In recent years, although many deep learning-based neural code generation models have been proposed with high accuracy, the fact that most of them are mainly evaluated on general programming tasks calls into question their effectiveness and usefulness in ML programming tasks. In this paper, we set out to investigate the effectiveness of existing neural code generation models on ML programming tasks. For our analysis, we select six state-of-the-art neural code generation models, and evaluate their performance on four widely used ML libraries, with newly-created 83K pairs of natural-language described ML programming tasks. Our empirical study reveals some good, bad, and missing aspects of neural code generation models on ML tasks, with a few major ones listed below. (Good) Neural code generation models perform significantly better on ML tasks than on non-ML tasks. (Bad) Most of the generated code is semantically incorrect. (Bad) Code generation models cannot significantly improve developers' completion time. (Good) The generated code can help developers write more correct code by providing developers with clues for using correct APIs. (Missing) The observation from our user study reveals the missing aspects of code generation for ML tasks, e.g., decomposing code generation for divide-and-conquer into two tasks: API sequence identification and API usage generation.
description: 20 pages
title: “Press, press, press, press, press” Gender and Afro-Latina identity in Cardi B’s music videos
Creators: name: Fühler, Adrian
name: Gruner, Juliette
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Gender Identity
subject: Afro-Latina Identity
subject: Music Video Analysis
subject: Cardi B
subject: Media Representation
subject: Geschlechtsidentität
subject: Afro-Latina Identität
subject: Musikvideoanalyse
subject: Cardi B
subject: Medienrepräsentation
subject: 780 Musik

description: The intersection of sexuality and racial identity is of special importance to the music videos of Cardi B. This paper will analyze the videos and music of “Press” and “Be Careful” as two separate works that each emphasize different aspects of this intersection. While “Press” depicts Cardi B taking on an aggressive persona that contains both masculine and feminine qualities, the video also thematizes media and the press in order to point out the artificiality of its own binaries, gendered as well as racial ones. Ultimately, “Press” shows Cardi B making strategic use of various media clichés while avoiding being subsumed by any one of them. “Be Careful,” on the other hand, portrays Cardi B as both bride and widow in a strongly heterosexual setting that emphasizes binary gender. In this work Cardi B is an example of a Latina “Sad Girl” who decides in favor of passivity and verbalizes her emotions. Although both “Press” and “Be Careful” make use of predefined media figures, the two works therefore diverge significantly in their treatment of those figures.
description: Überschneidungen von geschlechtlicher, sexueller und ethnischer Identität sind von besonderer Bedeutung in den Musikvideos von Cardi B. In dieser Arbeit werden „Press“ und „Be Careful“, d. h. sowohl die Musik als auch die dazugehörigen Videos, als zwei eigenständige Werke analysiert, die jeweils unterschiedliche Aspekte dieser Intersektion behandeln. In „Press“ nimmt Cardi B eine aggressive Protagonistenrolle ein, die sich sowohl durch weiblich als auch männlich konnotierte Merkmale auszeichnet. Das Werk thematisiert letzten Endes Medialität, insbesondere die Presse, um auf die Konstruiertheit von geschlechtlichen und ethnischen Binarismen hinzuweisen. Damit macht Cardi B einen strategischen Gebrauch von Medien-Clichés ohne Gefahr zu laufen, von diesen vereinnahmt zu werden. „Be Careful“ hingegen spielt innerhalb eines betont heterosexuellen, von Geschlechtsbinarität bestimmten Rahmens, in dem Cardi B als Braut und Witwe auftritt. Hier erscheint Cardi B als Figur einer Latina „Sad Girl“, die sich zugunsten einer passiven Haltung entscheidet und ihre Emotionen verbalisiert. Auch wenn „Press“ und „Be Careful“ beide mit feststehenden Figuren und Clichés arbeiten, unterscheiden sie sich dennoch stark in ihrem jeweiligen Umgang mit diesen.
On catalyzed vacuum decay around a radiating black hole and the crisis of the electroweak vacuum
Creators: name: Hayashi, Takumi
name: Kamada, Kohei
name: Oshita, Naritaka
name: Yokoyama, Jun'ichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: False vacuum decay is a key feature in quantum field theories and exhibits a distinct signature in the early Universe cosmology. It has recently been suggested that the false vacuum decay is catalyzed by a black hole (BH), which might cause the catastrophe of the Standard Model Higgs vacuum if primordial BHs are formed in the early Universe. We investigate vacuum phase transition of a scalar field around a radiating BH with taking into account the effect of Hawking radiation. We find that the vacuum decay rate slightly decreases in the presence of the thermal effect since the scalar potential is stabilized near the horizon. However, the stabilization effect becomes weak at the points sufficiently far from the horizon. Consequently, we find that the decay rate is not significantly changed unless the effective coupling constant of the scalar field to the radiation is extremely large. This implies that the change of the potential from the Hawking radiation does not help prevent the Standard Model Higgs vacuum decay catalyzed by a BH.
description: 25 pages, 8 figures
Wealth distribution in an ancient Egyptian society
Creators: name: Abul-Magd, A. Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: General Finance (q-fin.GN)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Modern excavations yielded a distribution of the house areas in the ancient Egyptian city Akhetaten, which was populated for a short period during the 14th century BC. Assuming that the house area is a measure of the wealth of its inhabitants allows us to make a comparison of the wealth distributions in ancient and modern societies.
title: Regionalisierung rassistischer und diskriminierender Diskurse im Social Web
Creators: name: Tsolak, Dorian
name: Knauff, Stefan
name: Kühne, Simon
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Regionalisierung
subject: Diskriminierung
subject: Social Web
subject: Twitter
subject: X
subject: Hassrede
subject: Rassismus
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften

description: Key Points: (1) Auf Twitter/X, das digitaler Raum und Teil des Social Web ist, gibt es teilweise rassistische Hassrede, die sich mit analogen Räumen und ihren politischen und demografischen Strukturen, bspw. von Gemeinden oder Kreisen, in Verbindung bringen lässt. (2) Auf Basis dieser Daten aus dem Social Web wurde ein regionaler Hassrede-Indikator abgeleitet und zur Untersuchung zum Zusammenhang von Hassrede und sozialstrukturellen Merkmalen verwendet (3) Von Twitter Nutzer:innen aus Regionen mit höheren Anteilen an Bevölkerung ohne deutsche Staatsbürgerschaft wird seltener rassistische Hassrede gepostet (4) Von Twitter Nutzer:innen aus Regionen mit einem höheren Anteil an AfD-Zweitstimmen wird häufiger rassistische Hassrede gepostet (5) Eine im Projekt entwickelte Website zeigt, wie eine gemeinsame, deskriptive Exploration von regionalisierten Social Media Inhalten und Daten der amtlichen Statistik aussehen kann. Dieser Beitrag enthält außerdem eine Anleitung zur Nutzung und Beschreibung der Funktionalität dieser Website (6) Die Beschränkung des Datenzugangs von Social Media Plattformen für Forschende, stellt eine große Hürde für den zukünftigen, gewinnbringenden Einsatz solcher Methoden dar.
The fiscal consequences of public health investments in disease-modifying therapies for the treatment of multiple sclerosis in Sweden
Creators: name: Kotsopoulos, Nikolaos
name: Connolly, Mark P.
name: Dort, Thibaut
name: Kavaliunas, Andrius
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Background and aims: The economic consequences of multiple sclerosis (MS) are broader than those observed within the health system. The progressive nature suggests that people will not be able to live a normal productive life and will gradually require public benefits to maintain living standards. This study investigates the public economic impact of MS and how investments in disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) influence the lifetime costs to government attributed to changes in lifetime tax revenue and disability benefits based on improved health status linked to delayed disease progression. Methods: Disease progression rates from previous MS Markov cohort models were applied to interferon beta-1a, peginterferon beta-1a, dimethyl fumarate, and natalizumab using a public economic framework. The established relationship between expanded disability status scale and work-force participation, annual earnings, and disability rates for each DMT were applied. Subsequently, we assessed the effect of DMTs on discounted governmental costs consisting of health service costs, social insurance and disability costs, and changes in lifetime tax revenues. Results: Fiscal benefits attributed to informal care and community services savings for interferon beta-1a, peginterferon beta-1a, dimethyl fumarate, and natalizumab were SEK340,387, SEK486,837, SEK257,330, and SEK958,852 compared to placebo, respectively. Tax revenue gains linked to changes in lifetime productivity for interferon beta-1a, peginterferon beta-1a, dimethyl fumarate, and natalizumab were estimated to be SEK27,474, SEK39,659, SEK21,661, and SEK75,809, with combined fiscal benefits of cost savings and tax revenue increases of SEK410,039, SEK596,592, SEK326,939, and SEK1,208,023, respectively. Conclusion: The analysis described here illustrates the broader public economic benefits for government attributed to changes in disease status. The lifetime social insurance transfer costs were highest in non-treated patients, and lower social insurance costs were demonstrated with DMTs. These findings suggest that focusing cost-effectiveness analysis only on health costs will likely underestimate the value of DMTs.
Multi-task convolutional neural network for image aesthetic assessment
Creators: name: Soydaner, Derya
name: Wagemans, Johan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: As people's aesthetic preferences for images are far from understood, image aesthetic assessment is a challenging artificial intelligence task. The range of factors underlying this task is almost unlimited, but we know that some aesthetic attributes affect those preferences. In this study, we present a multi-task convolutional neural network that takes into account these attributes. The proposed neural network jointly learns the attributes along with the overall aesthetic scores of images. This multi-task learning framework allows for effective generalization through the utilization of shared representations. Our experiments demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms the state-of-the-art approaches in predicting overall aesthetic scores for images in one benchmark of image aesthetics. We achieve near-human performance in terms of overall aesthetic scores when considering the Spearman's rank correlations. Moreover, our model pioneers the application of multi-tasking in another benchmark, serving as a new baseline for future research. Notably, our approach achieves this performance while using fewer parameters compared to existing multi-task neural networks in the literature, and consequently makes our method more efficient in terms of computational complexity.
Additional file 6 of Machine learning classification of archaea and bacteria identifies novel predictive genomic features
Creators: name: Bobbo, Tania
name: Biscarini, Filippo
name: Yaddehige, Sachithra K.
name: Alberghini, Leonardo
name: Rigoni, Davide
name: Bianchi, Nicoletta
name: Taccioli, Cristian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Supplementary file 6.
The chemical structure of young high-mass star-forming clumps: (II) parsec-scale CO depletion and deuterium fraction of $\rm HCO^+$
Creators: name: Feng, S.
name: Li, D.
name: Caselli, P.
name: Du, F.
name: Lin, Y.
name: Sipilä, O.
name: Beuther, H.
name: Sanhueza, Patricio
name: Tatematsu, K.
name: Liu, S. Y.
name: Zhang, Q.
name: Wang, Y.
name: Hogge, T.
name: Jimenez-Serra, I.
name: Lu, X.
name: Liu, T.
name: Wang, K.
name: Zhang, Z. Y.
name: Zahorecz, S.
name: Li, G.
name: Liu, H. B.
name: Yuan, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The physical and chemical properties of cold and dense molecular clouds are key to understanding how stars form. Using the IRAM 30 m and NRO 45 m telescopes, we carried out a Multiwavelength line-Imaging survey of the 70 $μ$m dark and bright clOuds (MIAO). At a linear resolution of 0.1--0.5 pc, this work presents a detailed study of parsec-scale CO depletion and $\rm HCO^+$ deuterium (D-) fractionation toward four sources (G11.38+0.81, G15.22-0.43, G14.49-0.13, and G34.74-0.12) included in our full sample. In each source with $\rm T<20$ K and $n_{\rm H}\rm\sim10^4$--$\rm 10^5 cm^{-3}$, we compared pairs of neighboring 70 $μ$m bright and dark clumps and found that (1) the $\rm H_2$ column density and dust temperature of each source show strong spatial anticorrelation; (2) the spatial distribution of CO isotopologue lines and dense gas tracers, such as 1--0 lines of $\rm H^{13}CO^+$ and $\rm DCO^+$, are anticorrelated; (3) the abundance ratio between $\rm C^{18}O$ and $\rm DCO^+$ shows a strong correlation with the source temperature; (4) both the $\rm C^{18}O$ depletion factor and D-fraction of $\rm HCO^+$ show a robust decrease from younger clumps to more evolved clumps by a factor of more than 3; and (5) preliminary chemical modeling indicates chemical ages of our sources are ${\sim}8\times10^4$ yr, which is comparable to their free-fall timescales and smaller than their contraction timescales, indicating that our sources are likely dynamically and chemically young.
description: accepted by ApJ
DeepSoCS: A Neural Scheduler for Heterogeneous System-on-Chip (SoC) Resource Scheduling
Creators: name: Sung, Tegg Taekyong
name: Ha, Jeongsoo
name: Kim, Jeewoo
name: Yahja, Alex
name: Sohn, Chae-Bong
name: Ryu, Bo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we~present a novel scheduling solution for a class of System-on-Chip (SoC) systems where heterogeneous chip resources (DSP, FPGA, GPU, etc.) must be efficiently scheduled for continuously arriving hierarchical jobs with their tasks represented by a directed acyclic graph. Traditionally, heuristic algorithms have been widely used for many resource scheduling domains, and Heterogeneous Earliest Finish Time (HEFT) has been a dominating state-of-the-art technique across a broad range of heterogeneous resource scheduling domains over many years. Despite their long-standing popularity, HEFT-like algorithms are known to be vulnerable to a small amount of noise added to the environment. Our Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL)-based SoC Scheduler (DeepSoCS), capable of learning the "best" task ordering under dynamic environment changes, overcomes the brittleness of rule-based schedulers such as HEFT with significantly higher performance across different types of jobs. We~describe a DeepSoCS design process using a real-time heterogeneous SoC scheduling emulator, discuss major challenges, and present two novel neural network design features that lead to outperforming HEFT: (i) hierarchical job- and task-graph embedding; and (ii) efficient use of real-time task information in the state space. Furthermore, we~introduce effective techniques to address two fundamental challenges present in our environment: delayed consequences and joint actions. Through an extensive simulation study, we~show that our DeepSoCS exhibits the significantly higher performance of job execution time than that of HEFT with a higher level of robustness under realistic noise conditions. We~conclude with a discussion of the potential improvements for our DeepSoCS neural scheduler.
description: 18 pages, Accepted by Electronics 2020
Open Science and FAIR Research Data Management in the Geosciences (and beyond): from basic concepts to EU regulations
Creators: name: Tanlongo, Federica
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Open Science
subject: Data Management
subject: metadata standards
subject: interoperability
subject: FAIR principles
subject: Research Data Management

description: This presentation provides an introduction to Open Science and FAIR Research Data Management requirements and practices in the Geosciences (and beyond). It was delivered as a part of the programme of the Workshop on Open Research Data Lifecycle and data management organised on 12/02/2025 at Luleå tekniska universitet. The presentation is an an adaptation of the Learning Path and Training Materials on "Open Science and Research Data Management in Solid Earth Sciences" created by EPOS for the Skills4EOSC project. The PPT version comes with presenter's notes to maximise the reusability of this resource by anyone interested.
Comment on "Josephson Current through a Nanoscale Magnetic Quantum Dot"
Creators: name: Choi, Mahn-Soo
name: Lee, Minchul
name: Kang, Kecheon
name: Belzig, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a recent work [Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 047002 (2004)], Siano and Egger (SE) studied Josephson current through a quantum dot in the Kondo regime using the quantum Monte Carlo (QMC) method. Several of their results were inconsistent with those from the numerical renormalization group (NRG) calculations [Phys. Rev. B 70, R020502 (2004); J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. 69, 1812 (2000)] among other previous studies. The results of SE are not reliable for the following two reasons: (i) The definition of the Kondo temperature was not correct; (ii) There were substantial fintie-temperature effects.
Numerical Study of Two-fluid Flowing Equilibria of Helicity-driven Spherical Torus Plasmas
Creators: name: Kanki, T.
name: Nagata, M.
name: Uyama, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two-fluid flowing equilibrium configurations of a helicity-driven spherical torus (HD-ST) are numerically determined by using the combination of the finite difference and the boundary element methods. It is found from the numerical results that electron fluids near the central conductor are tied to an external toroidal field and ion fluids are not. The magnetic configurations change from the high-$q$ HD-ST ($q$>1) with paramagnetic toroidal field and low-$β$ (volume average $β$ value, ($\approx$ 2 %) through the helicity-driven spheromak and RFP to the ultra low-$q$ HD-ST (0
description: 12th International Congress on Plasma Physics, 25-29 October 2004, Nice (France)
L’impact de la recherche agronomique sur la productivité agricole française. Une approche par le taux de rentabilité interne (TRI) des dépenses publiques affectées à la recherche agronomique en France.
Creators: name: Butault, Jean-Pierre
name: Lemarié, Stéphane
name: Musolesi, Antonio
name: Huard, Frédéric
name: Simioni, Michel
name: Schmitt, Bertrand
name: Butault, Jean-Pierre
name: Lemarié, Stéphane
name: Musolesi, Antonio
name: Huard, Frédéric
name: Simioni, Michel
name: Schmitt, Bertrand
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: Productivity Analysis
Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: Une équipe de chercheurs de l’INRA a évalué le rôle de la recherche agronomique sur l’évolution de la productivité de l’agriculture française. Pour ce faire, ils ont mobilisé deux approches complémentaires appliquées à des séries statistiques reliant l’évolution sur longue période de la productivité totale des facteurs de l’agriculture française et celle des dépenses publiques en recherche dédiées au secteur agricole. La première approche permet d’analyser statistiquement la relation entre productivité agricole et stock de connaissances issues des dépenses publiques de recherche. La seconde, de nature comptable, vise à calculer directement un taux de rentabilité interne (TRI) de la recherche agricole de sorte à en examiner l’évolution dans le temps. En cohérence avec les résultats obtenus dans d’autres contextes géographiques, le TRI de la recherche agricole française se serait approché de 30 % dans les années 1960. Ce taux aurait tendance à baisser au cours des années récentes. Plusieurs phénomènes peuvent expliquer cette tendance à la baisse de l’impact des dépenses publiques de recherche agricole sur la productivité agricole française, en particulier l’affaiblissement des innovations de rupture ou l’évolution des objectifs de la recherche agronomique.
Breaking Resonant Chains: Destabilization of Resonant Planets due to Long-term Mass Evolution
Creators: name: Matsumoto, Yuji
name: Ogihara, Masahiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent exoplanet observations reported a large number of multiple-planet systems, in which some of the planets are in a chain of resonances. The fraction of resonant systems to non-resonant systems provides clues about their formation history. We investigated the orbital stability of planets in resonant chains by considering the long-term evolution of planetary mass and stellar mass and using orbital calculations. We found that while resonant chains were stable, they can be destabilized by a change of $\sim$10% in planetary mass. Such a mass evolution can occur by atmospheric escape due to photoevaporation. We also found that resonant chains can be broken by a stellar mass loss of $\lesssim1$%, which would be explained by stellar winds or coronal mass ejections. The long-term mass change of planets and stars plays an important role in the orbital evolutions of planetary systems including super-Earths.
description: accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal
eMental Health Literacy and Knowledge of Common Child Mental Health Disorders among Parents of Preschoolers
Creators: name: Cormier, Eileen
name: Hyejin Park
name: Schluck, Glenna
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: The purpose of the study was to assess the eMental health literacy of parents of preschool children and explore the relationships between their eMental health literacy skills and their knowledge of common child mental health disorders and their child difficulties. Online survey data were collected using Mechanical Turk (MTurk). Parents of preschool children completed questionnaires related to internet-based mental health information seeking behavior, knowledge of common child mental health disorders using case vignettes, and child difficulties. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistical methods. eMental health literacy of parents was high but knowledge of the child mental health disorders was low. Only 14% of parents correctly identified all three disorders; 41.1% identified attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), 64.9% recognized autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and 19.1% identified separation anxiety disorder (SAD). Parents with high eMental health literacy (≥30) were more likely to endorse professional help and seek information on how to manage problem behaviors for all three disorders. Parents with low eMental health literacy (<30) were more likely to have a child with a high risk of a mental health disorder. The findings will be used to inform educational initiatives on the use of online resources and recognition of child mental health disorders to promote early intervention and appropriate help seeking.
An investigation on the use of micro-ultrasonic-transducers for anticancer drugs cytotoxicity enhancement
Creators: name: Siu, Tung
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Prototype ultrasonic transducers with resonance frequencies at 4 and lMHz were constructed using lead zirconate titanate (PZT) ceramics. Their output ultrasonic powers were measured using an electronic ultrasound power meter. The power coefficients of the 4 and 1 MHz transducers were found to be 1.98 and 1.85 respectively, close to the theoretical value of 2. The theoretical transmitted ultrasonic power through a polystyrene plate was 88% whereas the experimental values were 86% for lMHz and 71 % for 4MHz ultrasound. Overall, the measured characteristics of the selected transducers were in good agreement with theoretical values. The output ultrasonic powers were also found to be consistent over four months. Tone-burst ultrasound (32 Watt/cm2, 20% Duty Cycle, 50msec burst period) was found to significantly (p<0.01) enhance cytotoxicity when used in combination with 20pM doxorubicin compared to doxorubicin-alone or ultrasound-alone controls. With 30 seconds exposure, immediate cytotoxicity was enhanced by 70% compare to doxorubicin-only control. The long-term cytotoxicity was enhanced by 83% compare to ultrasound-only control. The spatial-peak-temporal-peak ultrasonic power density threshold for cytotoxicity enhancement at 4MHz was 30W/cm ², which translates to minimal actuation amplitude of 112nrn. A Micro-Ultrasonic-Transducer (MUT) must satisfy that minimal actuation amplitude in order to enhance cytotoxicity at 4MHz and be useful for sonodynamic therapy. Tone-burst ultrasound was also found to significantly enhance (p<0.05) cytotoxicity of micellar paclitaxel. The most significant enhancement (53%) was observed with micelles formed with 150yM PDLLA-MePEG diblock copolymers and loaded with 0.1% paclitaxel. The use of ultrasound to enhance cytotoxicity of micellar paclitaxel was found to be another promising application of implantable MUTs.
Weyl geometry approach to describe planetary systems
Creators: name: Moyassari, P.
name: Jalalzadeh, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the present work we show that planetary mean distances can be calculated through considering the Weyl geometry. We interpret the Weyl gauge field as a vector field associated with the hypercharge of the particles and apply the gauge concept of the Weyl geometry. The results obtained are shown to agree with the observed orbits of all the planets and of the asteroid belt in the solar system, with some empty states.
description: 7 pages, no figures
A Mass-Based Perspective on Time Dilation and Gravity
Creators: name: Rao, B. Arvind Sybren
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: In this paper, I propose an alternative hypothesis that reinterprets the relationship between mass, time, and gravity. Rather than treating spatial curvature as the primary driver of gravity, this hypothesis suggests that the slowing down of time is an inherent and inseparable property of mass. Mass cannot exist without inducing a local slowing of time, and this time dilation is hypothesized to determine the straightest possible paths of objects and light. The resulting time gradients across space, rather than curvature, guide motion and explain gravitational effects. From this perspective, spatial curvature emerges as a secondary effect of time gradients rather than being the fundamental cause of gravity.
Additional file 5 of Machine learning classification of archaea and bacteria identifies novel predictive genomic features
Creators: name: Bobbo, Tania
name: Biscarini, Filippo
name: Yaddehige, Sachithra K.
name: Alberghini, Leonardo
name: Rigoni, Davide
name: Bianchi, Nicoletta
name: Taccioli, Cristian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Supplementary file 5.