cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Earned Income Tax Credit, Low-Income Workers, and the Legal Aid Community
Creators: name: Schneller, Jonathan P.
name: Chilton, Adam S.
name: Boehm, Joshua L.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Poor--Taxation
subject: Legal aid
subject: Earned Income Tax Credit
subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law
subject: Economics

description: The Earned Income Tax Credit ("EITC") is the largest U.S. welfare program, with twenty-four million low-income Americans receiving $60 billion of disbursals in 2009. Through the EITC, working Americans with little or no tax liability can receive up to nearly $6,000 in refundable tax credits each year. Over the past two decades, policymakers have increasingly favored the EITC over direct-transfer welfare programs, citing its lower administrative expense (as recipients “self-certify” by filing taxes) and incentives for recipients to work. Despite its political appeal, the EITC suffers deep structural flaws. Largely because EITC claimants have little guidance in navigating the difficult filing process, they are subject to high rates of IRS audits and rescission of benefits with penalties and interest. This proliferation of EITC-related controversies has created an immense need for legal assistance, yet low-income tax law largely remains a peripheral concern within the legal aid community.

In this article, we suggest a comprehensive and achievable set of reforms that the IRS and legal services organizations can enact to improve the EITC’s efficacy and fairness.We first describe how the complexity of EITC eligibility criteria creates a tremendous burden for low-income Americans, as they frequently lack advice in tax filing and cannot afford legal representation in the event of a controversy with the IRS. We then outline measures that the IRS should implement to make the EITC more accessible and understandable to those qualifying for the credit, reducing the chance of an audit and loss of benefits. In particular, we focus on improving the tax filing process, making EITC audits more manageable for recipients, instituting less adversarial procedures for EITC-related Tax Court proceedings, and changing certain organizational structures within the IRS. Finally, we propose several practical ways that the legal aid community can enhance its support of EITC recipients confronting an IRS audit or Tax Court action. Most importantly, we argue that EITC assistance warrants greater Congressional funding and higher strategic and budgetary priority within legal aid organizations, given that the EITC is now far larger than the direct-transfer welfare programs on which legal aid lawyers have traditionally focused.
Teleinformación en los Andes Venezolanos
Creators: name: Núñez, L.A.
name: Rodríguez, M.
name: Silva, J. G.
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2002
Subjects: Internet

description: Presentamos aquí, como un caso de estudio, la ciudad de Mérida. De alguna manera en esta pequeña ciudad de Venezuela se ha generado un microclima de innovación, un proceso de cambios, de uso y apropiación creciente de las TIC por parte de la población, de incidencia de la comunidad científica en otros ámbitos, que tiene sentido analizar en función de esbozar respuestas a algunas de las preguntas planteadas acerca del cambio posible que podemos lograr en nuestros países, en términos de desarrollo humano.
The challenge of flavonoid/cyclodextrin complexation in a complex matrix of the quercetin, luteolin, and 3-O-methylquercetin
Creators: name: Pittol, Vanessa
name: Veras, Kleyton Santos
name: Doneda, Eduarda
name: Silva, Ariane Dorneles
name: Delagustin, Maria Gabriele
name: Koester, Letícia Scherer
name: Bassani, Valquíria Linck
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: The complexation of herbal constituents with cyclodextrin has been a useful tool to improve their aqueous solubility. However, the simultaneous complexation of these compounds still lacks detailed studies. The present study investigated the multicomplexation of quercetin (QCT), luteolin (LUT), and 3-O-methylquercetin (3OMQ) with (2-hydroxypropyl)-β-cyclodextrin (HPβCD), when they are simultaneously contained in a flavonoid-enriched fraction (FEF) of Achyrocline satureioides. The phase-solubility diagram revealed a linear correlation between the flavonoids solubility and the HPβCD concentration, demonstrating the formation of complexes with a 1:1 stoichiometric ratio, which was confirmed by ESI-MS. Negative ΔG0 values indicated that complexation was spontaneous. Flavonoids/HPβCD interactions were evidenced by FT-IR, DSC, SEM, and 1D and 2D NMR. The last one showed the formation of inclusion complexes by insertion of the B-ring of the flavonoids into the cavity of HPβCD. Unexpectedly, the FEF/HPβCD complex showed a radical scavenger potential lower than the FEF. The HPLC analysis revealed that the complex contained different flavonoid ratio than the fraction. Thus, the antioxidant capacity of the samples was demonstrated to be related to the ratio among the flavonoids, rather than to the total flavonoids. These new findings are very useful for developing herbal cyclodextrin-based products from A. satureioides or other herbal products.
Imagen para evaluar las ideas previas sobre el flujo de energia en el Darien
Creators: Diana Cárdenas
Diana Cardenas, Claudia Chagoya.
Publisher: name: HHMI BioInteractive Educator Resource Library
Year: 2023

Esta imagen del Darién se puede usar para explorar las ideas previas de los alumnos respecto de la estructura y funcionamiento del ecosistema del Darién, específicamente el flujo de energía.
Information processing and the second law of thermodynamics: an inclusive, Hamiltonian approach
Creators: name: Deffner, Sebastian
name: Jarzynski, Christopher
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We obtain generalizations of the Kelvin-Planck, Clausius, and Carnot statements of the second law of thermodynamics, for situations involving information processing. To this end, we consider an information reservoir (representing, e.g. a memory device) alongside the heat and work reservoirs that appear in traditional thermodynamic analyses. We derive our results within an inclusive framework in which all participating elements -- the system or device of interest, together with the heat, work and information reservoirs -- are modeled explicitly by a time-independent, classical Hamiltonian. We place particular emphasis on the limits and assumptions under which cyclic motion of the device of interest emerges from its interactions with work, heat, and information reservoirs.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures
Permeability of olmesartan medoxomil from lipid based and suspension formulations using an optimized HDM-PAMPA model
Creators: name: Komesli, Yelda
name: Karasulu, Ercument
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Hexadecane membrane-parallel artificial membrane permeability assay (HDM-PAMPA) is based on an artificial HDM that separates the two compartments (donor and acceptor compartment). This model is used to predict the permeability of drugs in gastrointestinal tract and to simulate the passive absorption. In vivo behavior of the drugs can be estimated with these systems in drug development studies. In our study, we optimized HDM-PAMPA model to determine permeability of olmesartan medoxomil (OM) lipid based drug delivery system (OM-LBDDS). In order to prove that LBDDS formulation facilitates the weak permeability of OM, permeation rates were compared with the OM suspension formula (containing 0.25% v/w carboxymethylcellulose). The experiment was performed on a 96-well MultiScreen® PAMPA filter plate (MAIPN4510). The permeability of olmesartan formulations from the donor to acceptor compartment separated by a HDM membrane were determined by the previous validated HPLC method. We created positive control series without coating HDM to present the LBDDS and suspension formulation permeability from uncoated plates. The effective permeability constant (Pe) was calculated by the formula and improvement of permeability of OM-LBDDS formulation from HDM was confirmed. On the contrary there was no permeation of OM-Suspension in the hexadecane coated plates. As a result, the intestinal permeability of OM-LBDDS was calculated to be at least 100 times more than the suspension. OM-Suspension permeation was only observed in the hexadecane uncoated positive control plates. This was also manifestation of HDM-PAMPA mimicking permeability of intestines because of its lipidic construction.
Makalata Husson 1978
Creators: name: Woods, Charles A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Echimyidae
Makalata

description: Makalata Husson, 1978. The Mammals of Suriname, p. 445. TYPE SPECIES: Nelontys armatus I. Geoffroy, 1830. COMMENTS: Husson (1978:445) named this genus because armatus is so distinct. Not recognized as a separate genus by Eisenberg (1989) nor Emmons and Feer (1990).
description: Published as part of Charles A. Woods, 1993, Order Rodentia - Suborder Hystricognathi, pp. 771-806 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 793, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353083
description: {"references": ["Husson, A. M. 1978. The mammals of Suriname. E. J. Brill, Leiden, 569 pp., 160 pls.", "Eisenberg, J. F. 1989. Mammals of the Neotropics. The northern Neotropics, vol. 1, Panama, Colombia, Venezuela, Guyana, Suriname, French Guiana. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, IL, 449 pp.", "Emmons, L. H., and F. Feer. 1990. Neotropical rainforest mammals. A field guide. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, IL, 281 pp., 7 pls."]}
The contamination of the surface of Vesta by impacts and the delivery of the dark material
Creators: name: Turrini, D.
name: Combe, J. -P.
name: McCord, T. B.
name: Oklay, N.
name: Vincent, J. -B
name: Prettyman, T. H.
name: McSween, H. Y.
name: SJ, G. J. Consolmagno
name: De Sanctis, M. C.
name: Corre, L. Le
name: Longobardo, A.
name: Palomba, E.
name: Russell, C. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Dawn spacecraft observed the presence of dark material, which in turn proved to be associated with OH and H-rich material, on the surface of Vesta. The source of this dark material has been identified with the low albedo asteroids, but it is still a matter of debate whether the delivery of the dark material is associated with a few large impact events, to micrometeorites or to the continuous, secular flux of impactors on Vesta. The continuous flux scenario predicts that a significant fraction of the exogenous material accreted by Vesta should be due to non-dark impactors likely analogous to ordinary chondrites, which instead represent only a minor contaminant in the HED meteorites. We explored the continuous flux scenario and its implications for the composition of the vestan regolith, taking advantage of the data from the Dawn mission and the HED meteorites. We used our model to show that the stochastic events scenario and the micrometeoritic flux scenario are natural consequences of the continuous flux scenario. We then used the model to estimate the amounts of dark and hydroxylate materials delivered on Vesta since the LHB and we showed how our results match well with the values estimated by the Dawn mission. We used our model to assess the amount of Fe and siderophile elements that the continuous flux of impactors would mix in the vestan regolith: concerning the siderophile elements, we focused our attention on the role of Ni. The results are in agreement with the data available on the Fe and Ni content of the HED meteorites and can be used as a reference frame in future studies of the data from the Dawn mission and of the HED meteorites. Our model cannot yet provide an answer to the fate of the missing non-carbonaceous contaminants, but we discuss possible reasons for this discrepancy.
description: 31 pages, 7 figures, 4 tables. Accepted for publication on the journal ICARUS, "Dark and Bright Materials on Vesta" special issue
title: Allgemeines Geographisch-Historisch-Zeitungs-Lexicon; 1738
title: Worinnen Alle Königreiche, Landschafften, Insuln, Halb-Insuln, Städte, Flecken .... und viel andere Sachen der Welt, so nicht allein auf den Land-Charten, und in den Zeitungen, sondern auch in allerhand Historischen und andern Büchern vorkommen, in richtiger Ordnung enthalten sind, mithin ausführlich beschrieben und aus der Historie erläutert werden ; Aus denen vortrefflichen Geographischen Dictionariis Des Bavtrand, Moreri, Corneille und Martiniere zusammengezogen und ans Licht gestellet
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Uhse, Erdmann
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2016

description: Titelbl. in Rot- und Schwarzdr. - Laut Vorrede "zum vierdten mahl" herausgekommen. - Früher u.d.T.: Universal-Geographisch-Historisches Lexicon / vermehret von Erdmann Uhsen
title: El sentido de la vida-con-otros. Tras el concepto de justicia en Platón y Aristóteles
title: Maestría en Sociología y Ciencia Política - Tesis
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Penchaszadeh, Ana Paula
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2005
Subjects: Political philosophy

description: A través de los distintos capítulos intentaremos habitar e interrogar los límites fundacionales de la más justa de las ciudades. En Platón y Aristóteles es posible reconocer ciertas contradicciones inherentes a la institución del mejor de los órdenes. La justicia – en tanto horizonte valorativo indeconstruible - para ‘aparecer’, deberá ser mediada por la palabra, por el hombre y su ley. En este tránsito de lo universal a lo particular se halla contenida, no sólo una definición sustancial de la justicia, sino también de la política. Éste representa nuestro télos: develar la esencia de la política a partir de la deconstrucción de la idea de justicia.
Text Classification For Authorship Attribution Analysis
Creators: name: Elayidom, M. Sudheep
name: Jose, Chinchu
name: Puthussery, Anitta
name: Sasi, Neenu K
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Authorship attribution mainly deals with undecided authorship of literary texts. Authorship attribution is useful in resolving issues like uncertain authorship, recognize authorship of unknown texts, spot plagiarism so on. Statistical methods can be used to set apart the approach of an author numerically. The basic methodologies that are made use in computational stylometry are word length, sentence length, vocabulary affluence, frequencies etc. Each author has an inborn style of writing, which is particular to himself. Statistical quantitative techniques can be used to differentiate the approach of an author in a numerical way. The problem can be broken down into three sub problems as author identification, author characterization and similarity detection. The steps involved are pre-processing, extracting features, classification and author identification. For this different classifiers can be used. Here fuzzy learning classifier and SVM are used. After author identification the SVM was found to have more accuracy than Fuzzy classifier. Later combined the classifiers to obtain a better accuracy when compared to individual SVM and fuzzy classifier.
description: 10 pages
Bleeding Risk and Antithrombotic Strategy in Patients With Sinus Rhythm and Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction Treated With Warfarin or Aspirin
Creators: name: Ye, Siqin
name: Cheng, Bin
name: Lip, Gregory Y. H.
name: Buchsbaum, Richard
name: Sacco, Ralph L.
name: Levin, Bruce
name: Di Tullio, Marco R.
name: Qian, Min
name: Mann, Douglas L.
name: Pullicino, Patrick M.
name: Freudenberger, Ronald S.
name: Teerlink, John R.
name: Mohr, Jay Preston
name: Graham, Susan
name: Labovitz, Arthur J.
name: Estol, Conrado J.
name: Lok, Dirk J.
name: Ponikowski, Piotr
name: Anker, Stefan D.
name: Thompson, John L.
name: Homma, Shunichi
name: Investigators, The WARCEF
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: Heart failure
Warfarin
Hemorrhage
Anticoagulants (Medicine)
Medicine
Biometry

description: We sought to assess the performance of existing bleeding risk scores, such as the Hypertension, Abnormal Renal/Liver Function, Stroke, Bleeding History or Predisposition, Labile INR, Elderly, Drugs/Alcohol Concomitantly (HAS-BLED) score or the Outpatient Bleeding Risk Index (OBRI), in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) in sinus rhythm (SR) treated with warfarin or aspirin. We calculated HAS-BLED and OBRI risk scores for 2,305 patients with HFrEF in SR enrolled in the Warfarin versus Aspirin in Reduced Cardiac Ejection Fraction trial. Proportional hazards models were used to test whether each score predicted major bleeding, and comparison of different risk scores was performed using Harell C-statistic and net reclassification improvement index. For the warfarin arm, both scores predicted bleeding risk, with OBRI having significantly greater C-statistic (0.72 vs 0.61; p = 0.03) compared to HAS-BLED, although the net reclassification improvement for comparing OBRI to HAS-BLED was not significant (0.32, 95% confidence interval [CI] −0.18 to 0.37). Performance of the OBRI and HAS-BLED risk scores was similar for the aspirin arm. For participants with OBRI scores of 0 to 1, warfarin compared with aspirin reduced ischemic stroke (hazard ratio [HR] 0.51, 95% CI 0.26 to 0.98, p = 0.042) without significantly increasing major bleeding (HR 1.24, 95% CI 0.66 to 2.30, p = 0.51). For those with OBRI score of ≥2, there was a trend for reduced ischemic stroke with warfarin compared to aspirin (HR 0.56, 95% CI 0.27 to 1.15, p = 0.12), but major bleeding was increased (HR 4.04, 95% CI 1.99 to 8.22, p <0.001). In conclusion, existing bleeding risk scores can identify bleeding risk in patients with HFrEF in SR and could be tested for potentially identifying patients with a favorable risk/benefit profile for antithrombotic therapy with warfarin.
Makalata armata
Creators: name: Woods, Charles A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Echimyidae
Makalata
Makalata armata

description: Makalata armata (I. Geoffroy, 1830). Rev. Zool. Paris, 1:101. TYPE LOCALITY: French Guiana, Cayenne. DISTRIBUTION: Andes of N Ecuador and Colombia, Venezuela, Guianas, Amazon Basin of Brazil, Tobago, Trinidad; perhaps Martinique (record probably erroneus, see Hall, 1981: 1180). SYNONYMS: castaneus, guianae, hispidus, longirostris, macrourus, occasius. COMMENTS: Formerly included in Echimys; transferred to Makalata by Husson (1978:445). Corbet and Hill (1991:206) listed this species in Echimys. Emmons and Feer (1990:218) recognized occasius as a species (Echimys occasius).
description: Published as part of Charles A. Woods, 1993, Order Rodentia - Suborder Hystricognathi, pp. 771-806 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 793, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353083
description: {"references": ["Hall, E. R. 1981. The mammals of North America. Second ed. John Wiley and Sons, New York, 1: 1 - 600 + 90, 2: 601 - 1181 + 90.", "Husson, A. M. 1978. The mammals of Suriname. E. J. Brill, Leiden, 569 pp., 160 pls.", "Corbet, G. B., and J. E. Hill. 1991. A world list of mammalian species. Third ed. British Museum (Natural History) Publications, London, 243 pp.", "Emmons, L. H., and F. Feer. 1990. Neotropical rainforest mammals. A field guide. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, IL, 281 pp., 7 pls."]}
Framing Political Messages to Fit the Audience’s Regulatory Orientation: How to Improve the Efficacy of the Same Message Content
Creators: name: Mannetti, Lucia
name: Brizi, Ambra
name: Giacomantonio, Mauro
name: Higgins, Edward Tory
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Audiences--Evaluation
Priming (Psychology)
Communication--Political aspects
Communication

description: This research investigates how the impact of persuasive messages in the political domain can be improved when fit is created by subliminally priming recipients’ regulatory focus (either promotion or prevention) and by linguistic framing of the message (either strategic approach framing or strategic avoidance framing). Results of two studies show that regulatory fit: a) increases the impact of a political message favoring nuclear energy on implicit attitudes of the target audience (Study 1); and b) induces a more positive evaluation of, and intentions to vote for, the political candidate who is delivering a message concerning immigration policies (Study 2).
title: Participación estudiantil y gobierno universitario: Nuevos actores – Viejas estructuras
title: Maestría en Ciencias Sociales con orientación en Educación - Tesis
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Kandel, Victoria Noemí
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2005
Subjects: Education

description: A lo largo de estas páginas proponemos adentrarnos en el estudio de uno de los componentes de la universidad pública argentina contemporánea: su gobierno. Pero más específicamente, avanzamos en el análisis del carácter triparto de ese gobierno que se compone de docentes, graduados y estudiantes. Buscamos así, conocer cómo es la participación estudiantil en este ámbito.
Circular Argument: What is Wrong, and Right, with the Circular 230 “Covered Opinion” Regulations
Creators: name: Hodaszy, Steven Z.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Tax consultants
subject: Tax shelters
subject: Taxation--Law and legislation
subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law
subject: Economics

description: The covered opinion regulations set forth in Treasury Department Circular 230 impose a number of stringent requirements on the provision of written tax advice by attorneys, accountants and others admitted to practice before the Internal Revenue Service. Since they became effective in 2005, the covered opinion regulations have been disparaged by both practitioners and scholars as overly broad and unduly burdensome. The regulations were originally intended to govern advice concerning potentially abusive tax shelters; however, they are drafted so broadly that they actually apply to written opinions regarding virtually any tax matter—including routine and legitimate tax planning. On the occasion of their five-year anniversary, attorney Steven Z. Hodaszy examines the covered opinion regulations and analyzes whether their benefits justify their burdens. Hodaszy contends that, because of a continuing need to reign in unscrupulous opinion practices in the tax shelter area, some form of the regulations must remain in place. Yet he also maintains that the regulations should be reformed so that they clearly apply only to tax shelter advice (as they were meant to). To accomplish this, Hodaszy proposes a specific textual revision to the regulations’ definition of a “covered opinion.” In conjunction with that proposal, he argues for the repeal of rules that presently allow practitioners to opt out of compliance with the regulations under some circumstances. Similarly, he rejects calls to restrict application of the regulations to practitioners who “opt in” to compliance with them. Neither the current “opt-out” rules nor an alternative “opt-in” approach would be justifiable, once the covered opinion regulations are appropriately restricted to advice concerning tax shelters. Moreover, as Hodaszy explains, either maintaining the "opt-out"
 rules or replacing them with an "opt-in" regime could effectively vitiate the regulations altogether, in the advent of a new strict-liability accuracy-related penalty for transactions lacking economic substance. Hodaszy asserts that, with the changes he proposes, the covered opinion regulations can instead continue to function as an important tool to deter abusive tax shelters, but without imposing detrimentally on other areas of tax practice.
On consistent truncations in ${\cal N}=2^*$ holography
Creators: name: Balasubramanian, Venkat
name: Buchel, Alex
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Although Pilch-Warner (PW) gravitational renormalization group flow [arXiv:hep-th/0004063] passes a number of important consistency checks to be identified as a holographic dual to a large-$N$ $SU(N)$ ${\cal N}=2^*$ supersymmetric gauge theory, it fails to reproduce the free energy of the theory on $S^4$, computed with the localization techniques. This disagreement points to the existence of a larger dual gravitational consistent truncation, which in the gauge theory flat-space limit reduces to a PW flow. Such truncation was recently identified by Bobev-Elvang-Freedman-Pufu (BEFP) [arXiv:1311.1508]. Additional bulk scalars of the BEFP gravitation truncation might lead to destabilization of the finite-temperature deformed PW flows, and thus modify the low-temperature thermodynamics and hydrodynamics of ${\cal N} =2^*$ plasma. We compute the quasinormal spectrum of these bulk scalar fields in the thermal PW flows and demonstrate that these modes do not condense, as long as the masses of the ${\cal N}=2^*$ hypermultiplet components are real.
description: 13 pages, 2 figures; supplemental files attached
title: Актуализация неологизмов в англоязычных медиатекстах
Creators: name: Лебедева, Елена
Publisher: name: Новгородский государственный университет имени Ярослава Мудрого (НовГУ)
Year: 2022

description: Статья посвящена рассмотрению специфики влияния социокультурных и лингвокультурных аспектов на функционирование англоязычных неологизмов в медиатекстах в период с 2016—2020 гг. с позиций прагматического подхода. Отбор неологизмов за указанный период времени осуществлялся при помощи англоязычных лексикографических изданий онлайн. Полученные результаты свидетельствуют о том, что в медиатекстах доминируют неологизмы, значение которых преобразовалось под воздействием разных социально-культурных факторов. Очевидно, неологизмы в тексте газеты проходят через этапы социализации и актуализации. Порой неологизмы получают новые коннотации или динамика использования новых образований носит циклический характер в связи с важностью проблем, возникающих в обществе. Интерес к неологизмам прошлых лет меняется, актуальность неологизмов под воздействием разных экстралингвистических факторов может возрастать и вместе с этим появляются новообразования схожие по смыслу. Также проведен сравнительный анализ по частотности использования неологизмов в интернет-изданиях качественных британских и американских газет, что дало возможность понять уровень продуктивности использования неологизмов в двух языковых вариантах английского языка.
Eumysopinae Rusconi 1935
Creators: name: Woods, Charles A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Echimyidae

description: Subfamily Eumysopinae Rusconi, 1935. Bol. Paleont. Buenos Aires, 5:2. COMMENTS: Proposed as a subfamily by Patton and Reig (1989:76). This subfamily includes the Oligocene fossil forms, and the most primitive living genera of South American echimyids.
description: Published as part of Charles A. Woods, 1993, Order Rodentia - Suborder Hystricognathi, pp. 771-806 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 793, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353083
description: {"references": ["Patton, J. L., and O. A. Reig. 1989. Genetic differentiation among echimyid rodents, with an emphasis on spiny rats, genus Proechimys. Pp. 75 - 96, in Advances in Neotropical mammalogy (K. H. Redford and J. F. Eisenberg, eds.). Sandhill Crane Press, Gainesville, FL, 614 pp."]}
Quantifying the Personal Income Tax Benefits of Backdating: A Canada – US Comparison
Creators: name: Compton, Ryan A.
name: Nicholls, Christopher C.
name: Sandler, Daniel
name: Tedds, Lindsay M.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Income tax
subject: Tax returns
subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law
subject: Economics

description: This paper contrasts the post-tax returns of backdated at-the-money options to currently-dated in-the-money options (with the same strike price as the backdated options) and demonstrates that a Canadian executive can earn a significantly larger after-tax return from backdated options compared to a US executive. We tie this to the favorable Canadian tax treatment of executive options relative to their treatment in the United States. The comparison suggests that the personal tax regime may have been one of the factors which impacted the desire to receive backdated options in lieu of other forms of compensation in Canada but not so in the United States.
Carterodon Waterhouse 1848
Creators: name: Woods, Charles A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Echimyidae
Carterodon

description: Carterodon Waterhouse, 1848. Nat. Hist. Mamm., 2:351. TYPE SPECIES: Echimys sulcidens Lund, 1841.
description: Published as part of Charles A. Woods, 1993, Order Rodentia - Suborder Hystricognathi, pp. 771-806 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 793, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353083
description: {"references": ["Lund, P. W. 1841. Blik paa Brasiliens Dyreverden for sidste Jordomvaeltning. Tredie Afhandling: Fortsaettelse af Pattedyrene. Konigelige Danske Videnskabernes Selskabs Afhandlinger, Kjobenhavn, 8: 219 - 272, pls. 14 - 24."]}
Simulation of Platelet, Thrombus and Erythrocyte Hydrodynamic Interactions in a 3D Arteriole with In Vivo Comparison
Creators: name: Wang, Weiwei
name: Diacovo, Thomas G.
name: Chen, Jianchun
name: Freund, Jonathan B.
name: Kling, Michael R.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Hemostasis
Thrombosis
Arteries--Mathematical models
Medical sciences

description: Cylindrical blood vessels, ellipsoid platelets and biconcave-shaped deformable erythrocytes (RBCs) are important participants in hemostasis and thrombosis. However, due to the challenge of combining these components in simulation tools, few simulation studies have included all of them in realistic three-dimensional models. In the present study, we apply a recently developed simulation model to incorporate these components and analyze the flow in a thrombotic tubular arteriole, particularly the detailed hydrodynamic interactions between the thrombus shape, RBCs and platelets. It was found that at certain azimuth positions, the velocity drops in the proximity of both the upstream and downstream edge of the thrombus, which is accompanied by a rapid velocity increase in the narrowed region. The RBCs alter the flow profiles significantly from the typical low Reynolds (Re) number flow, and also enhance the deposition of free flowing platelets onto the thrombus. By evaluating the platelet-thrombus interaction and platelet-RBC interaction together, several mechanisms of platelet deposition augmentation are identified. With in vivo data comparison, our model illustrates the potential of future thrombosis studies that incorporate detailed receptor-ligand adhesion modules.
title: El discurso que criminaliza. Un estudio sobre la construcción social de la deslegitimación de la protesta (1996-1999)
title: Documentos de Jóvenes Investigadores, no. 13
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Artese, Matías
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2006
Subjects: Protest movements

description: ¿De qué manera se articulan los enfrentamientos materiales y simbólicos en momentos de alta magnitud del conflicto social? Tomando algunos hechos de protesta social en años recientes, el objetivo principal de este trabajo será –a través de las manifestaciones discursivas plasmadas en medios gráficos de información- indagar en las representaciones sociales que se constituyen como dimensión particular del enfrentamiento.
Evidence for the 125 GeV Higgs boson decaying to a pair of tau leptons
Creators: name: CMS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A search for a standard model Higgs boson decaying into a pair of tau leptons is performed using events recorded by the CMS experiment at the LHC in 2011 and 2012. The dataset corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 4.9 inverse femtobarns at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV and 19.7 inverse femtobarns at 8 TeV. Each tau lepton decays hadronically or leptonically to an electron or a muon, leading to six different final states for the tau-lepton pair, all considered in this analysis. An excess of events is observed over the expected background contributions, with a local significance larger than 3 standard deviations for m[H] values between 115 and 130 GeV. The best fit of the observed H to tau tau signal cross section for m[H] = 125 GeV is 0.78 +- 0.27 times the standard model expectation. These observations constitute evidence for the 125 GeV Higgs boson decaying to a pair of tau leptons.
description: Replaced with published version. Added journal reference and DOI
Cryo Soft X ray Tomography of Whole Cells in the Laboratory
Creators: name: Fahy, Kenneth
name: Kapishnikov, Sergey
name: Fyans, William
name: Skoko, Dunja
name: O'Reilly, Fergal
name: McEnroe, Tony
name: Sheridan, Paul
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: soft X-ray; cryo-tomography; tomography; organelles; laboratory soft X-ray microscope

description: SiriusXT has developed a commercial bench top cryo soft X ray microscope (the SXT-100) for 3 D cryo soft X ray
 tomography. Cryo SXT uses X rays in the ‘water window’ that extends from the K
 absorption edge of carbon to the K edge of oxygen, that is from about 282 eV (λ 4 4 nm) to 533 eV (λ
 2 3 nm) Water is transparent to these X rays, but organic molecules are absorbing Therefore, these X
 rays can be used as the basis for microscopy of whole cells in their near native ( state, without
 need for any contrast enhancing agents A 3 D tomogram with resolution 50 nm (full pitch) can be
 produced by rotating the cell over a range of angles, with an image acquired at each tilt angle. The
 concept is equivalent to a medical CT scan applied at the nanoscale
The Pattern of CN, O, and Na Inhomogeneities on the Red Giant Branch of Messier 5
Creators: name: Smith, Graeme H.
name: Modi, Payal N.
name: Hamren, Katherine M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Data from the literature are used to explore the relation between $λ$3883 CN band strength and the sodium and oxygen abundances of red giants in the globular cluster Messier 5. Although there is a broad tendency for CN-strong giants in this cluster to have higher sodium abundances and lower oxygen abundances than CN-weak giants of comparable absolute magnitude there are some secondary features in these relations. The oxygen abundance [O/Fe] shows a greater range (0.6-0.7 dex) among the CN-strong giants than the CN-weak giants (approximately 0.3 dex). By contrast [Na/Fe] shows a 0.6-0.7 dex range among the CN-weak giants, but a more limited range of 0.3-0.4 dex among the CN-strong giants. The $λ$3883 CN band anticorrelates in strength with [O/Fe] among the CN-strong giants, but there is little, if any, such trend among the CN-weak giants. In contrast, the CN band strength may show a modest correlation with [Na/Fe] among the CN-weak giants, but there is little evidence for such among the CN-strong giants. Neither oxygen or sodium abundance define a continuous relation with CN band strength. Instead, the CN-strong and CN-weak giants overlap in their sodium and possibly their oxygen abundances. At oxygen abundances of [O/Fe] = 0.20 +/- 0.05 it is possible to have both CN-weak and CN-strong giants, although there may be a discontinuity in [O/Fe] between these two groups of stars that has been smeared out by observational errors. Both CN-weak and CN-strong giants populate the sodium abundance range 0.4 <= [Na/Fe] <= 0.6. Messier 5 may be displaying the results of spatially heterogeneous chemical self-enrichment.
description: Accepted by PASP
Tax Liability for Wage Theft
Creators: name: Pandya, Sachin S.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Employers' liability
subject: Compensation management
subject: Unpaid labor
subject: Taxation--Law and legislation
subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law
subject: Economics

description: This paper shows how, under existing tax law, illegal wage underpayment by an employer (sometimes called "wage theft") may generate employer tax liability for unreported income or disallowed business expense deductions. Given that the tax authority needs information from the underpaid worker to prove such liability, the paper identifies two ways that a worker can transmit that information to a tax authority: becoming a tax informant, or bringing a qui tam action under a state false claims act. Finally, the paper discusses possible influences on the decision of the unpaid worker to inform on the employer to the tax authority, and considers the conditions under which a tax authority is likely to audit an employer based on such information. In so doing, the paper identifies a new approach to combating wage theft and an undiscovered implication of basic income tax law.
Carterodon sulcidens
Creators: name: Woods, Charles A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Echimyidae
Carterodon
Carterodon sulcidens

description: Carterodon sulcidens (Lund, 1841). Afh. Kongl. Danske Vid. Selsk., p. 49. TYPE LOCALITY: Brazil, Minas Gerais, Lagoa Santa. DISTRIBUTION: E Brazil. STATUS: Unknown. SYNONYMS: temmincki.
description: Published as part of Charles A. Woods, 1993, Order Rodentia - Suborder Hystricognathi, pp. 771-806 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 793, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353083
title: Einfältiger Communion-Spiegl; 1716
title: Das ist: Einfältiger Unterricht, wie man sich vor, in, und nach der heiligen Communion zuverhalten habe
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Pock, Wilhelm
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2016

description: Vorlageform des Erscheinungsvermerk: In Verlag Joseph Wolfgang Kriner Buchhandlern in Haellein naechst Saltzburg. Gedruckt zu München, bey Mathias Riedl, Anno 1716.
Effects of neutral $Z^{\prime}$ boson in $B_{s} \to ϕ\ell^{+} \ell^{-}$ decay with polarized $ϕ$ and the unpolarized and polarized $CP$ violation asymmetry
Creators: name: Ahmed, Ishtiaq
name: Aslam, M. Jamil
name: Paracha, M. Ali
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effects of new neutral $Z^\prime$ boson in $B_{s}\toϕ\ell^{+}\ell^{-}$, when $ϕ$ is longitudinal or transverse polarized, are studied. In addition, the implications of $Z^{\prime}$ boson on the unpolarized and polarized $CP$ violation asymmetries, with reference to lepton, are also presented. It is observed that the branching ratio with polarized $ϕ$ are quite sensitive to the $Z^{\prime}$ contributions which are coming through the modification of Wilson coefficients $C^{eff}_{9}$ and $C_{10}$. Moreover, the off-diagonal elements of the chiral $Z^{\prime}$ couplings contain new weak phase $ϕ_{sb}$ that provide a new source of $CP$ violation. Keeping in view that in the FCNC transitions the $CP$ violation asymmetries are highly suppressed in the SM, we have studied the unpolarized and polarized $CP$ violation asymmetries in $B_{s}\toϕ\ell^{+}\ell^{-}$ decays. Our results indicate that these $CP$ violation asymmetries are remarkably significant and can attribute the any new physics coming through the $Z^{\prime}$ boson. It is hoped that the accurate measurements of these asymmetries will not only help us to establish NP but will also give a chance to determine the precise values of the coupling parameters of the $Z^{\prime}$ boson.
description: 19 pages, 12 figures, A version close to the one accepted for publication in Physics Review D. Reference 59 is updated
Narrowing the Tax Gap Through Presumptive Taxation
Creators: name: Logue, Kyle D.
name: Vettori, Gustavo G.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Tax evasion--Prevention
subject: Taxation--Government policy
subject: Taxpayer compliance
subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law
subject: Economics

description: This Article highlights the primary tax enforcement problem in the United States, that of noncompliant small and medium-sized businesses ("
SMBs"), and it explores the possibility of a radical solution: shifting away from the current system, which attempts to tax the actual income of each business, and toward a system that taxes only a rough approximation (or probabilistic estimate) of business income. This sort of presumptive tax approach has been used for years in developing economies, where the problem of SMB noncompliance is even worse than in the U.S. This Article argues that the time has come to at least consider various ways of taxing SMBs in the U.S. on a presumptive basis as well. The particular regime that the Article spends the most time developing is a type of modified gross receipts (MGR) tax of the sort that is used in some developing economies. Under our version of the MGR approach, SMB taxpayers would be taxed on a rough estimate of their annual income using (a) their reported gross receipts and (b) presumed profit ratios based on historical line-of-business profit margins. Whether such a regime would make sense depends on a number of key unanswered questions, including how narrowly and accurately such historical line-of-business profit percentages can be drawn and at what cost. We also discuss whether such a regime should be mandatory or optional; and, if mandatory, whether it should be only a mandatory minimum (like the alternative minimum tax) or both a minimum and maximum. Moving to an MGR approach to taxing SMB income would require a major change in the Internal Revenue Code. As a more modest alternative, the Article also considers instead having the IRS begin to use presumptive-tax principles as part of their audit strategies. If the Service could credibly commit to applying some form of presumptive/probabilistic tax system in its auditing decisions (perhaps as part of the Discriminate Index Function), and if taxpayers reacted rationally to such an audit policy, the results could be similar to an optional presumptive business income tax.
HEFT approach to investigate the muon g-2 anomaly at a muon collider
Creators: name: Fortuna, Fabiola
name: Márquez, Juan Manuel
name: Roig, Pablo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a previous work \cite{Buttazzo:2020ibd}, it has been pointed out that heavy new physics (NP) contributions to lepton dipole moments and high-energy cross-sections of lepton pairs into Higgs and $γ/Z$ bosons are connected, if the electroweak symmetry breaking is realized linearly. As a consequence, a multi-TeV muon collider would provide a unique test of NP in the muon $g$-2 through the study of high-energy processes such as $μ^+ μ^-\to h +γ/Z$. Since the analysis involved a SMEFT approach to Higgs-processes, it could also be studied by the more general HEFT formulation. We compute the modification of the high-energy cross-section $μ^+ μ^-\to h +γ/Z$ and $h\to μ^{+} μ^{-} +γ/Z$ decay using the dimension six HEFT Lagrangian and compare them with the SMEFT analysis. We find that, within the current HEFT analysis, there are plausible scenarios where the HEFT approach could lead to a higher sensitivity to test the NP contributions in the muon $g$-2. However, a more precise knowledge of the new HEFT parameters is needed for a definite conclusion, which motivates the search for complementary measurements.
description: 30 pages, 11 figures. The revised version includes a reinterpreted discussion emphasizing the impact of the unknown HEFT parameters. Additionally, extended comments on electroweak corrections have been incorporated. Accepted for publication in PRD
title: Las luchas obreras 1973-1976. Los alineamientos de la clase obrera durante el gobierno peronista: Nuevas consideraciones teórico-metodológicas para el estudio de los conflictos obreros.
title: Documentos de Trabajo, no.17
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Izaguirre, Inés
name: Aristizábal, Zulema
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2002
Subjects: Labor

description: En el trabajo se analizan los alineamientos de la clase obrera a partir de una muestra de 2100 conflictos obreros producidos entre el 11 de marzo de 1973 y el 24 de marzo de 1976, en uno de los períodos de mayor intensidad de las luchas sociales en Argentina. Las autoras admiten tres logros de su investigación: (1) Mostrar el carácter heurístico del uso del conflicto como eje teórico y metodológico para el análisis de procesos sociales. (2) Haber innovado exitosamente en la metodología utilizada, cuyas unidades de análisis son conflictos obreros, desagregados en 31 variables. (3) El tercero es empírico y refiere a la contundencia de los resultados: Se demuestra que en el total de conflictos del período, hay 5 veces más alineamientos prorrevolucionarios que contrarrevolucionarios entre personificaciones obreras. Al distinguir entre éstas- asalariados, cuadros medios y cúpulas- se observa que se alinearon a favor de la fuerza revolucionaria en sentido inverso a su posición en la estructura de poder.