cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Root and fungal biomass production on low, medium and high productivity second-growth douglas-fir stands on Vancouver Island
Creators: name: Coopersmith, David J.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This study compared and contrasted fine root and fungal biomass production estimates using sand-filled in-growth bags, native-soil-filled in-growth bags, and sequential soil cores in xeric, mesic, and hygric stands of 50-year-old Douglas-fir on Vancouver Island. Although no significant differences in overstorey fine-plus-small (≤5 mm) root production could be found between the three sites, proportional allocations of net primary production to the belowground ecosystem decreased with increasing site productivity. The total annual overstorey biomass production on the low-productivity xeric site was 15.7 t ha⁻¹ yr⁻¹. Of this total, 26.5 percent was allocated to belowground components. On the mid-slope mesic site, total overstorey biomass production increased to 22.9 t ha⁻¹ yr⁻¹, while allocation to the belowground decreased to 24.5 percent. On the high-productivity hygric site, total overstorey production increased to 25.0 t ha⁻¹ yr⁻¹, of which the belowground component represented 20.0 percent. Large differences were found in the estimates of standing crop of roots between in-growth bags and sequential soil cores. Estimates of annual fine root production, however, were much more similar for native-soil-filled in-growth bags and sequential soil cores. The quality of growth medium within the in-growth bags was also found to have a significant effect on estimates of standing crop and annual production of roots. Greater amounts of root biomass were found in the in-growth bags which contained nutrient-rich growth media.
Enhancement of the X-Arapuca photon detection device for the DUNE experiment
Creators: name: Brizzolari, C.
name: Brovelli, S.
name: Bruni, F.
name: Carniti, P.
name: Cattadori, C. M.
name: Falcone, A.
name: Gotti, C.
name: Machado, A.
name: Meinardi, F.
name: Pessina, G.
name: Segreto, E.
name: Souza, H. V.
name: Spanu, M.
name: Terranova, F.
name: Torti, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE), the VUV LAr luminescence is collected by light trap devices named X-Arapuca, sizing (480x93) mm2. Six thousand of these units will be deployed in the first DUNE ten kiloton far detector module. In this work we present the first characterization of the photon detection efficiency of an X-Arapuca device sizing (200x75) mm2 via a complete and accurate set of measurements along the cell longitudinal axis with a movable 241-Am source. The MPPCs photosensors are readout by a cryogenic transimpedance amplifier to enhance the single photoelectron sensitivity and improve the signal-to-noise while ganging 8 MPPC for a total surface of 288 mm2. Moreover we developed a new photon downshifting polymeric material, by which the X-Arapuca photon detection efficiency was enhanced of about +50% with respect to the baseline off-shell product deployed in the standard device configuration. The achieved results are compared to previous measurements on a half size X-Arapuca device, with a fixed source facing the center, with no cold amplification stage, and discussed in view of the DUNE full size optical cell construction for both the horizontal and the vertical drift configurations of the DUNE TPC design and in view of liquid Argon doping by ppms of Xe. Other particle physics projects adopting Liquid Argon as target or active veto, as Dark Side and LEGEND or the DUNE Near Detector will take advantage of this novel wavelength shifting material.
Evaluation of lipid and cholesterol-lowering effect of bioflavonoids from bergamot extract
Creators: name: Ballistreri, Gabriele
name: Amenta, Margherita
name: Fabroni, Simona
name: Consoli, Valeria
name: Grosso, Salvo
name: Vanella, Luca
name: Sorrenti, Valeria
name: Rapisarda, Paolo
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Several natural products have been reported to be involved in the suppression of adipogenesis. In this study, we reveal that a bergamot extract (BE) decreased the accumulation of intracellular lipids in murine pre-adipocytes 3T3-L1 cells during adipogenic differentiation. Both the inhibition of HMG-CoA reductase activity and the differentiation and proliferation of adipocytes could be used as a strategy for the treatment and prevention of obesity. The results of this study show a reduction of HMG-CoA activity and of lipid droplet accumulation in the presence of the BE, suggesting the potential of BE as an anti-adipogenic agent to lower the content of cholesterol and body fat and prevent a gain in body weight. Moreover, BE as the result of high percentages of flavonoid compounds such as neoriocitrin, naringin and neohesperidin, the main flavonoids contained in BE, led to significant inhibition of DPPH free radical, demonstrating a strong radical scavenging activity.
Cytotoxicity and antibacterial activity of scutellarein and carajurone-enriched fraction obtained from the hydroethanolic extract of the leaves of Fridericia chica (Bonpl.) L.G. Lohmann
Creators: name: Violante, Ivana M. P.
name: Carollo, Carlos A.
name: Silva, Larissa I.
name: Oliveira, Adna Q. C.
name: Pardinho, Flavia C.
name: Garcez, Walmir Silva
name: Garcez, Fernanda R.
name: de Oliveira, Ruberlei Godinho
name: Arunachalam, Karuppusamy
name: de Oliveira Martins, Domingos Tabajara
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: The hydroethanolic extract obtained from the dry leaves of Fridericia chica (HEFc) underwent several fractionations by different chromatographic techniques. The ethyl acetate and dichloromethane fraction were subjected to phytochemical analysis, resulting in the identification and isolation of scutellarein (1) and in a fraction rich in carajurone (2). They were tested for cytotoxicity in CHO-K1 and the antibacterial activity and mode of action by in vitro assays. The HEFc and scutellarein (1) presented no cytotoxicity. The results showed good antibacterial effect of HEFc against Streptococcus pyogenes and Staphylococcus aureus and moderate activity for Staphylococcus epidermidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Salmonella typhimurium. The fraction containing the compound carajurone (2) showed good activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis and moderate activity against Streptococcus pyogenes. Scutellarein (1) showed no activity against the bacteria tested. HEFc antibacterial mode of action appeared to be associated with changes in the permeability of bacterial membranes and nucleotide leakage.
Plasma Wind Tunnel Testing of Ultra High Temperature Ceramics: Experiments And Numerical Correlation
Creators: name: Di Maso, Andrea
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2009

description: The thesis is focused on the aerothermodynamic and oxidation behaviour of ultra-high-temperature Ceramic (UHTC) for aerospace applications. UHTC are very high temperature resistant (>2000K) materials, with good chemical inertness and mechanical properties. These materials could be used for next generation aerospace and hypersonic vehicles. The arc jet plasma wind tunnel available at the Department of Aerospace Engineering of Naples (DIAS) is able to reproduce specific total enthalpies and stagnation pressure conditions typical of atmospheric re-entry vehicles; for this reason advanced materials for hypersonic applications can be investigated. In particular, the materials behaviour at ultra high temperatures, the durability at repeated warmed up, and oxidation resistance can be analysed. The experimental procedure based on the simultaneous use of an infrared thermocamera and a dual-colour optical pyrometer allowed to take accurate measurements of the real temperature surface distributions during tests and to evaluate the spectral surface emissivity, which is a fundamental property for aero-thermal heating. Numerical models allow the simulation of the aerothermochemical and flow fields characterizing the details of the wind tunnel experiments. For example the heat flux, the chemical environment on the model, the aero-thermal heating, and the effects of the material properties on the thermal heating can be analysed in detail. The fundamental results obtained are: characterization of several UHTC models; they are original because specific properties of UHTC materials are provided for the first time. In particular the atomic recombination induced by surface catalyticity, the spectral emissivity, the oxidation behaviour and temperature resistance at temperatures in the order of 2000K. In addition, electronic micrographs and X-rays analysis of cross sections of the investigated UHTC samples after test, allowed to characterize the oxidation layer and explain the measured surface properties
Fast fluorescence dynamics in non-ratiometric calcium indicators
Creators: name: Gersbach, M.
name: Boiko, D. L.
name: Niclass, C.
name: Petersen, C.
name: Charbon, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A fluorescence decay of high-affinity non-ratiometric Ca2+ indicator Oregon Green BAPTA-1 (OGB-1) is analyzed with unprecedented temporal resolution in the two-photon excitation regime. A triple exponential decay is shown to best fit the fluorescence dynamics of OGB-1. We provide a new model for accurate measurements of the free Ca2+ concentration and dissociation constants of non-ratiometric calcium indicators.
description: 3 pages, 2 figures, figures revised, added chi-square goodness of fit
Bose-Einstein study of position-momentum correlations of charged pions in hadronic Z0 decays
Creators: name: The OPAL Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A study of Bose-Einstein correlations in pairs of identically charged pions produced in e+e- annihilations at the Z0 peak has been performed for the first time assuming a non-static emitting source. The results are based on the high statistics data obtained with the OPAL detector at LEP. The correlation functions have been analyzed in intervals of the average pair transverse momentum and of the pair rapidity, in order to study possible correlations between the pion production points and their momenta (position-momentum correlations). The Yano-Koonin and the Bertsch-Pratt parameterizations have been fitted to the measured correlation functions to estimate the geometrical parameters of the source as well as the velocity of the source elements with respect to the overall centre-of-mass frame. The source rapidity is found to scale approximately with the pair rapidity, and both the longitudinal and transverse source dimensions are found to decrease for increasing average pair transverse momenta.
description: 25 pages, 10 figures, Submitted to Eur Phys J.C
title: ÐÐ¾Ð´ÐµÐ»Ð¸ Ð¸ Ð¼ÐµÑÐ¾Ð´Ñ ÑÐ°Ð·Ð²Ð¸ÑÐ¸Ñ ÑÐµÑ Ð½Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸Ð¹ Ð¼Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÑÐ¾ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð² ÑÑÐ»Ð¾Ð²Ð¸ÑÑ ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐ¾Ð²Ð¸Ð·Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð¸ ÑÐºÐ¾Ð½Ð¾Ð¼Ð¸ÐºÐ¸ Ð Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸Ð¸
title: ÑÐ±Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¸Ðº ÑÑÐ°ÑÐµÐ¹
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: ÐÐ¾Ð¿Ð¾Ð²Ð¸Ñ, ÐÐ½Ð°ÑÐ¾Ð»Ð¸Ð¹
Publisher: name: ÐÐÐÐÐ¢ÐÐ¥-ÐÐ ÐÐ¡Ð¡
Year: 2023
Subjects: ÐÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÑÐ¾ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ
ÐÐ½ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¼Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½ÑÐµ ÑÐµÑ Ð½Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸Ð¸

description: Ð ÑÐ±Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¸ÐºÐµ Â«ÐÐ¾Ð´ÐµÐ»Ð¸ Ð¸ Ð¼ÐµÑÐ¾Ð´Ñ ÑÐ°Ð·Ð²Ð¸ÑÐ¸Ñ ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸Ð¹ Ð¼Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÑÐ¾ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð² ÑÑÐ»Ð¾Ð²Ð¸ÑÑ ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐ¾Ð²Ð¸Ð·Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð¸ ÑÐºÐ¾Ð½Ð¾Ð¼Ð¸ÐºÐ¸ Ð Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸Ð¸Â» Ð¿ÑÐµÐ´ÑÑÐ°Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ñ 28 ÑÑÐ°ÑÐµÐ¹, Ð¿Ð¾Ð´Ð³Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð½ÑÑ ÑÐ¾ÑÑÑÐ´Ð½Ð¸ÐºÐ°Ð¼Ð¸ ÐÑÑÑÐµÐ¹ ÑÐºÐ¾Ð»Ñ Ð¼Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÑÐ¾ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ ÐÐ½ÑÑÐ¸ÑÑÑÐ° Ð¼Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÑÐ¾ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ, Ð¼Ð°ÑÐµÑÐ¸Ð°Ð»Ð¾Ð² Ð¸ ÑÑÐ°Ð½ÑÐ¿Ð¾ÑÑÐ° Ð¡Ð°Ð½ÐºÑ-ÐÐµÑÐµÑÐ±ÑÑÐ³ÑÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾ ÑÐ½Ð¸Ð²ÐµÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐ° ÐÐµÑÑÐ° ÐÐµÐ»Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾, Ð° ÑÐ°ÐºÐ¶Ðµ Ð¿ÑÐµÐ´ÑÑÐ°Ð²Ð¸ÑÐµÐ»ÑÐ¼Ð¸ Ð´ÑÑÐ³Ð¸Ñ Ð²ÑÑÑÐ¸Ñ ÑÑÐµÐ±Ð½ÑÑ Ð·Ð°Ð²ÐµÐ´ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ð¹ Ð¸ Ð¿ÑÐµÐ´Ð¿ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐ¸Ð¹ ÑÐµÐ°Ð»ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ ÑÐµÐºÑÐ¾ÑÐ° ÑÐºÐ¾Ð½Ð¾Ð¼Ð¸ÐºÐ¸. Ð ÑÐ±Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¸ÐºÐµ Ð²ÑÐ´ÐµÐ»ÐµÐ½Ñ ÑÐ»ÐµÐ´ÑÑÑÐ¸Ðµ Ð½Ð°Ð¿ÑÐ°Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ: Â«ÐÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð½Ð¾Ð²ÐµÐ´ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ Ð¸ ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸Ñ Ð¼Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÑÐ¾ÐµÐ½Ð¸ÑÂ»; Â«ÐÐ¾Ð¼Ð¿ÑÑÑÐµÑÐ½ÑÐµ ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸Ð¸ Ð² Ð¼Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÑÐ¾ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ð¸Â»; Â«ÐÐ°ÑÐµÑÐ¸Ð°Ð»Ð¾Ð²ÐµÐ´ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ Ð¸ ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð½ÑÑÑÑÐºÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½ÑÑ Ð¼Ð°ÑÐµÑÐ¸Ð°Ð»Ð¾Ð²Â»; Â«ÐÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð½Ñ Ð¸ ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸Ñ Ð¾Ð±ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐºÐ¸ Ð¼ÐµÑÐ°Ð»Ð»Ð¾Ð² Ð´Ð°Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸ÐµÐ¼Â»; Â«Ð£Ð¿ÑÐ°Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ ÐºÐ°ÑÐµÑÑÐ²Ð¾Ð¼ Ð² Ð¼Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÑÐ¾ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ð¸Â». ÐÑÐµÐ´ÑÑÐ°Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð½ÑÐµ Ð¼Ð°ÑÐµÑÐ¸Ð°Ð»Ñ Ð¾ÑÑÐ°Ð¶Ð°ÑÑ Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð²Ð½ÑÐµ Ð½Ð°Ð¿ÑÐ°Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¸ÑÑÐ»ÐµÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ð¹, Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð¾Ð´Ð¸Ð¼ÑÑ ÑÐ¾ÑÑÑÐ´Ð½Ð¸ÐºÐ°Ð¼Ð¸ ÐÑÑÑÐµÐ¹ ÑÐºÐ¾Ð»Ñ Ð¼Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÑÐ¾ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ, Ð¸ Ð¼Ð¾Ð³ÑÑ Ð±ÑÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÐµÐ·Ð½Ñ ÑÐ¿ÐµÑÐ¸Ð°Ð»Ð¸ÑÑÐ°Ð¼, ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ°ÑÑÐ¸Ð¼ Ð² Ð¾Ð±Ð»Ð°ÑÑÐ¸ ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸Ð¸ Ð¼Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÑÐ¾ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ, Ð¼Ð°ÑÐµÑÐ¸Ð°Ð»Ð¾Ð²ÐµÐ´ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ, ÑÐµÐ¼Ð¾Ð½ÑÐ° Ð¸ ÑÐºÑÐ¿Ð»ÑÐ°ÑÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¸ ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ñ ÑÑÑÑÐ¾Ð¹ÑÑÐ² Ð¸ Ð² Ð´ÑÑÐ³Ð¸Ñ Ð¸Ð½Ð¶ÐµÐ½ÐµÑÐ½Ð¾-ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ñ, Ð²Ð¾ÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¾-Ð¸Ð½Ð¶ÐµÐ½ÐµÑÐ½ÑÑ Ð¸ ÑÐºÐ¾Ð½Ð¾Ð¼Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ñ Ð½Ð°Ð¿ÑÐ°Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸ÑÑ. ÐÑÐ¸Ð²ÐµÐ´ÐµÐ½Ð½ÑÐµ ÑÑÐ°ÑÑÐ¸ Ð² Ð·Ð½Ð°ÑÐ¸ÑÐµÐ»ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÑÐµÐ¿ÐµÐ½Ð¸ Ð½Ð°Ð¿ÑÐ°Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ñ Ð½Ð° Ð¸ÑÐ¿Ð¾Ð»ÑÐ·Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ Ð¿ÑÐµÐ¿Ð¾Ð´Ð°Ð²Ð°ÑÐµÐ»ÑÐ¼Ð¸, Ð¾Ð±ÑÑÐ°ÑÑÐ¸Ð¼Ð¸ÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾ Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð³ÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ð°Ð¼ Ð±Ð°ÐºÐ°Ð»Ð°Ð²ÑÐ¸Ð°ÑÐ°, Ð¼Ð°Ð³Ð¸ÑÑÑÐ°ÑÑÑÑ Ð¸ Ð°ÑÐ¿Ð¸ÑÐ°Ð½ÑÑÑÑ ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ñ Ð²ÑÑÑÐ¸Ñ ÑÑÐµÐ±Ð½ÑÑ Ð·Ð°Ð²ÐµÐ´ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ð¹.
Vector Transport Free Riemannian LBFGS for Optimization on Symmetric Positive Definite Matrix Manifolds
Creators: name: Godaz, Reza
name: Ghojogh, Benyamin
name: Hosseini, Reshad
name: Monsefi, Reza
name: Karray, Fakhri
name: Crowley, Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This work concentrates on optimization on Riemannian manifolds. The Limited-memory Broyden-Fletcher-Goldfarb-Shanno (LBFGS) algorithm is a commonly used quasi-Newton method for numerical optimization in Euclidean spaces. Riemannian LBFGS (RLBFGS) is an extension of this method to Riemannian manifolds. RLBFGS involves computationally expensive vector transports as well as unfolding recursions using adjoint vector transports. In this article, we propose two mappings in the tangent space using the inverse second root and Cholesky decomposition. These mappings make both vector transport and adjoint vector transport identity and therefore isometric. Identity vector transport makes RLBFGS less computationally expensive and its isometry is also very useful in convergence analysis of RLBFGS. Moreover, under the proposed mappings, the Riemannian metric reduces to Euclidean inner product, which is much less computationally expensive. We focus on the Symmetric Positive Definite (SPD) manifolds which are beneficial in various fields such as data science and statistics. This work opens a research opportunity for extension of the proposed mappings to other well-known manifolds.
description: Published in the 13th Asian Conference on Machine Learning (ACML) 2021. The first two authors contributed equally to this work
Oxidative methanol steam reforming on Cu/ZrO2 and Cu/CeO2/Al2O3 catalysts prepared by sol-gel method
Creators: name: Cammarano, Claudia
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2009

description: Cu/ZrO2 and Cu/CeO2/Al2O3 systems were investigated as catalysts for oxidative steam reforming of methanol (OSRM). The materials were prepared by modified sol-gel methods and characterized for physical and chemical properties by chemical analysis, XRD, N2 adsorption, DTA, XPS, TPR and N2O dispersion measurements. The catalytic activity was investigated in two laboratory plants. The first one allowed a quantitative evaluation of the catalytic activity in oxidative steam reforming of methanol (OSRM) and steam reforming of methanol (SRM). The second apparatus allowed pre-treatments and in situ characterization of the catalysts before and after each SRM catalytic test and on-line semi-quantitative analysis of the products. Two different procedures, based on different Cu precursors were investigated for the preparation of Cu/ZrO2 systems: it was found that the preparation method strongly influences all the properties studied. Very high surface areas were observed and a highly dispersed Cu metallic phase was obtained after a reductive treatment with H2. The presence of ZrO2 favoured the Cu+ oxidation state, that has a likely role in the OSRM reaction. The catalysts showed high activity for the oxidative steam reforming of methanol. A noticeable activity was observed also with the not pre-reduced catalysts, indicating that the formation of a metallic phase, although with lower activity, can occur directly under reaction conditions. Cu/CeO2/Al2O3 systems were prepared by a totally new one pot sol-gel method. The catalysts showed a huge surface area and resulted to contain very dispersed CeO2 and CuO phases on a poorly crystalline alumina matrix. A highly dispersed Cu metallic phase was obtained after a reductive treatment with H2. The presence of CeO2 favoured the Cu+ oxidation state. The activity of the pre-reduced catalysts resulted high, in terms of hydrogen production rate, if compared with data on similar Cu/Ce/Al systems, notwithstanding the absence of the well known promoter ZnO. Also for these systems the unreduced materials showed a noticeable activity for the OSRM process, indicating that the metallic phase, although with lower activity, can be formed directly under reaction conditions. On the other hand, the reduction conditions (under H2 or methanol with different concentration) strongly influenced the properties of the active phase, since copper obtained under strong reducing conditions (under H2 or high methanol concentration) was more active than that obtained under milder conditions (low methanol concentration). The different catalytic performances observed in OSRM and SRM tests indicate a strong influence of the presence of O2 in the reaction system. The activity for SRM, in the absence of oxygen was, in fact very low. This behaviour was explained either considering the occurrence of H spillover or the CeO2 assisted oxidation of Cu to Cu+.
Development of leaf curl levels on four cassava varieties infestedby pink mealybug, Phenacoccus manihoti Matile-Ferre
Creators: name: Kotchamon Wongyai
name: Nutcharee Siri
Publisher: name: Faculty of Agriculture
Year: 2019
Subjects: Phenacoccus manihoti, cassava varieties, Leaf curl levels

description: Khon Kaen Agriculture Journal, 47, 3, 479-484
Leveraging Semantic Scene Characteristics and Multi-Stream Convolutional Architectures in a Contextual Approach for Video-Based Visual Emotion Recognition in the Wild
Creators: name: Pikoulis, Ioannis
name: Filntisis, Panagiotis P.
name: Maragos, Petros
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this work we tackle the task of video-based visual emotion recognition in the wild. Standard methodologies that rely solely on the extraction of bodily and facial features often fall short of accurate emotion prediction in cases where the aforementioned sources of affective information are inaccessible due to head/body orientation, low resolution and poor illumination. We aspire to alleviate this problem by leveraging visual context in the form of scene characteristics and attributes, as part of a broader emotion recognition framework. Temporal Segment Networks (TSN) constitute the backbone of our proposed model. Apart from the RGB input modality, we make use of dense Optical Flow, following an intuitive multi-stream approach for a more effective encoding of motion. Furthermore, we shift our attention towards skeleton-based learning and leverage action-centric data as means of pre-training a Spatial-Temporal Graph Convolutional Network (ST-GCN) for the task of emotion recognition. Our extensive experiments on the challenging Body Language Dataset (BoLD) verify the superiority of our methods over existing approaches, while by properly incorporating all of the aforementioned modules in a network ensemble, we manage to surpass the previous best published recognition scores, by a large margin.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures, 5 tables, submitted to the 16th IEEE International Conference on Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition
Phase Diagram of Vortices in High-T_c Superconductors with a Melting Line in the deep H_{c2} Region
Creators: name: Dietel, J.
name: Kleinert, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use a simple elastic Hamiltonian for the vortex lattice in a weak impurity background which includes defects in the form of integer-valued fields to calculate the free energy of a vortex lattice in the deep H_{c2} region. The phase diagram in this regime is obtained by applying the variational approach of M{é}zard and Parisi developed for random manifolds. We find a first-order line between the Bragg-glass and vortex-glass phase as a continuation of the melting line. In the liquid phase, we obtain an almost vertical third-order glass transition line near the critical temperature in the H-T plane. Furthermore, we find an almost vertical second-order phase transition line in the Bragg-glass as well as the vortex-glass phases which crosses the first-order Bragg-glass, vortex-glass transition line. We calculate the jump of the temperature derivate of the induction field across this second-order line as well as the entropy and magnetic field jumps across the first-order line.
description: 19 pages, 5 figures, a discussion is added at the end of section VI relating our results with the results of Refs. 4, 10, typos corrected, version published in PRB
A BIOLOGICAL WAY IN CARIES PREVENTION
Creators: name: Cantile, Tiziana
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2009

description: The intent of this research program was to determine a new way in caries prevention. The score was the valuation of anti-caries effects of bio-active molecules of natural origin (derived from animals), in order to elaborate a new preventive methodology. The under discussion molecules were casein  phosphopeptides (CPPs) of dairy origin.
For this aim,  this research project has been divided in 5 part.
Part 1: in vitro evaluation of  the effectiveness of  synthetic CPPs in dental caries prevention;
Part 2: in vitro evaluation of  the effectiveness of  natural  CPPs in dental caries prevention;
Part 3: in vivo evaluation of  the effectiveness of synthetic and  natural  CPPs in dental caries prevention;
Part 4: in vivo evaluation  of the antibacterial power of commercial yogurt against oral  cariogenic microflora;
Part 5: in vitro effectiveness of TMR (transverse micro-radiography) in assessing dental enamel  demineralisation and remineralisation.

The final score will be the creation of a new preventive methodology against dental caries. In fact, on the basis of the results obtained from this research, the protection against tooth decay could be done in different ways. First of all, people could protect their self  simply by eating  food containing CPPs ,  then these active principles could be exploited by nutritional and pharmacological industries by adding these bio-molecules  both in food and in commercial products used for oral hygiene (mouth-rinse, toothpaste).
Mass-Spectroscopy of [$bb][\bar{b}\bar{b}$] and [$bq][\bar{b}\bar{q}$] tetraquark states in a diquark-antidiquark formalism
Creators: name: Tiwari, Rohit
name: Rathaud, D. P.
name: Rai, Ajay Kumar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article, we utilise the non-relativistic potential model to calculate the mass-spectra of all bottom [$bb][\bar{b}\bar{b}$] and heavy-light bottom [$bq][\bar{b}\bar{q}$] (q=u,d) tetraquark states in diquark-antidiquark approximation. The four-body problem is reduced into two-body problems by numerically solving the $Schr\ddot{o}dinger$ equation using a cornell-inspired potential along with relativistic correction term. The splitting structure of the tetraquark spectrum is described using spin-dependent terms (spin-spin, spin-orbit, and tensor). We have successfully calculated and predicted the masses of bottom mesons, diquarks and tetraquarks. The masses of S and P-wave tetraquark states [$bb][\bar{b}\bar{b}$] and [$bq][\bar{b}\bar{q}$], respectively, are found to be between 18.7-19.4 GeV and 10.4-11.3 GeV, in which the masses of S-wave [$bb][\bar{b}\bar{b}$] states are less than the 2$η_{b}$, $η_{b}Υ$, and 2$Υ$ threshold. Additionally, we investigated the $Z_b(10610)$ and $Z_ b(10650)$ states in the current model and found that they are 150 MeV below the $BB^{*}$ and $B^{*}B^{*}$ thresholds.
description: 12 pages, accepted for the publication in EPJ A
Cytotoxicity and antibacterial activity of scutellarein and carajurone-enriched fraction obtained from the hydroethanolic extract of the leaves of Fridericia chica (Bonpl.) L.G. Lohmann
Creators: name: Violante, Ivana M. P.
name: Carollo, Carlos A.
name: Silva, Larissa I.
name: Oliveira, Adna Q. C.
name: Pardinho, Flavia C.
name: Garcez, Walmir Silva
name: Garcez, Fernanda R.
name: Arunachalam, Karuppusamy
name: de Oliveira Martins, Domingos Tabajara
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: The hydroethanolic extract obtained from the dry leaves of Fridericia chica (HEFc) underwent several fractionations by different chromatographic techniques. The ethyl acetate and dichloromethane fraction were subjected to phytochemical analysis, resulting in the identification and isolation of scutellarein (1) and in a fraction rich in carajurone (2). They were tested for cytotoxicity in CHO-K1 and the antibacterial activity and mode of action by in vitro assays. The HEFc and scutellarein (1) presented no cytotoxicity. The results showed good antibacterial effect of HEFc against Streptococcus pyogenes and Staphylococcus aureus and moderate activity for Staphylococcus epidermidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Salmonella typhimurium. The fraction containing the compound carajurone (2) showed good activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis and moderate activity against Streptococcus pyogenes. Scutellarein (1) showed no activity against the bacteria tested. HEFc antibacterial mode of action appeared to be associated with changes in the permeability of bacterial membranes and nucleotide leakage.
Astrophysical constraints on the confining models : the Field Correlator Method
Creators: name: Baldo, M.
name: Burgio, G. F.
name: Castorina, P.
name: Plumari, S.
name: Zappala', D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the relevance of confinement in quark matter models for the possible quark core of neutron stars. For the quark phase, we adopt the equation of state (EoS) derived with the Field Correlator Method, extended to the zero temperature limit. For the hadronic phase, we use the microscopic Brueckner-Hartree-Fock many-body theory. We find that the currently adopted value of the gluon condensate $G_2 \simeq 0.006-0.007 \rm {GeV^4}$, which gives a critical temperature $T_c \simeq 170 \rm MeV$, produces maximum masses which are only marginally consistent with the observational limit, while larger masses are possible if the gluon condensate is increased.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
A Survey on Radio Frequency Identification as a Scalable Technology to Face Pandemics
Creators: name: Bianco, Giulio M.
name: Occhiuzzi, Cecilia
name: Panunzio, Nicoletta
name: Marrocco, Gaetano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: The COVID-19 pandemic drastically changed our way of living. To minimize life losses, multi-level strategies requiring collective efforts were adopted while waiting for the vaccines' rollout. The management of such complex processes has taken benefit from the rising framework of the Internet of Things (IoT), and particularly the Radiofrequency Identification (RFID) since it is probably the most suitable approach to both the micro (user) and the macro (processes) scale. Hence, a single infrastructure can support both the logistic and monitoring issues related to the war against a pandemic. Based on the COVID-19 experience, this paper is a survey on how state-of-the-art RFID systems can be employed in facing future pandemic outbreaks. The three pillars of the contrast of the pandemic are addressed: 1) use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), 2) access control and social distancing, and 3) early detection of symptoms. For each class, the envisaged RFID devices and procedures are discussed based on the available technology and the current worldwide research. This survey that RFID could generate an extraordinary amount of data so that complementary paradigms of Edge Computing and Artificial intelligence can be tightly integrated to extract profiles and identify anomalous events in compliance with privacy and security.
description: 21 pages. Accepted for publication in IEEE Journal of Radio Frequency Identification
Reconstructing propagators of confined particles in the presence of complex singularities
Creators: name: Hayashi, Yui
name: Kondo, Kei-Ichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Propagators of confined particles, especially the Landau-gauge gluon propagator, may have complex singularities as suggested by recent numerical works as well as several theoretical models, e.g., motivated by the Gribov problem. In this paper, we study formal aspects of propagators with complex singularities in reconstructing Minkowski propagators starting from Euclidean propagators by the analytic continuation. We derive the following properties rigorously for propagators with arbitrary complex singularities satisfying some boundedness condition. The two-point Schwinger function with complex singularities violates the reflection positivity. In the presence of complex singularities, while the holomorphy in the usual tube is maintained, the reconstructed Wightman function on the Minkowski spacetime becomes a non-tempered distribution and violates the positivity condition. On the other hand, the Lorentz symmetry and locality are kept intact under this reconstruction. Finally, we argue that complex singularities can be realized in a state space with an indefinite metric and correspond to confined states. We also discuss consequences of complex singularities in the BRST formalism. Our results could open up a new way of understanding a confinement mechanism, mainly in the Landau-gauge Yang-Mills theory.
description: 35 pages, 5 figures
Further Compactifying Linear Optical Unitaries
Creators: name: Bell, Bryn A.
name: Walmsley, Ian A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum integrated photonics requires large-scale linear optical circuitry, and for many applications it is desirable to have a universally programmable circuit, able to implement an arbitrary unitary transformation on a number of modes. This has been achieved using the Reck scheme, consisting of a network of Mach Zehnder interferometers containing a variable phase shifter in one path, as well as an external phase shifter after each Mach Zehnder. It subsequently became apparent that with symmetric Mach Zehnders containing a phase shift in both paths, the external phase shifts are redundant, resulting in a more compact circuit. The rectangular Clements scheme improves on the Reck scheme in terms of circuit depth, but it has been thought that an external phase-shifter was necessary after each Mach Zehnder. Here, we show that the Clements scheme can be realised using symmetric Mach Zehnders, requiring only a small number of external phase-shifters that do not contribute to the depth of the circuit. This will result in a significant saving in the length of these devices, allowing more complex circuits to fit onto a photonic chip, and reducing the propagation losses associated with these circuits. We also discuss how similar savings can be made to alternative schemes which have robustness to imbalanced beam-splitters.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
Aspetti della tutela del consumatore nel D. Lgs. 24/2002
Creators: name: Visalli, Giuseppe
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2006

description: La tesi esamina alcuni aspetti della più ampia riforma introdotta dal D. Lgs. 24/2002, ora trasfuso nel D. Lgs. 6.9.2005 n. 206 (c.d. Codice del consumo), mirante al rafforzamento della tutela del consumatore. L’attenzione è concentrata su aspetti peculiari del D. Lgs. citato quali il concetto di “difetto di conformità” introdotto dalla novella, il rapporto tra questo (collegato al momento della “consegna”) con il principio res perit domino e la riflessione sull’idoneità del concetto di “difetto di conformità” quale parametro idoneo a superare le vecchie categorie codicistiche dei vizi, della mancanza di qualità e dell’aliud pro alio. Un’attenzione particolare è riservata alla vendita di beni usati.
Warp diffusion in accretion discs: a numerical investigation
Creators: name: Lodato, Giuseppe
name: Pringle, J. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we explore numerically the evolution of a warped accretion disc. Here, we focus here on the regime where the warp evolves diffusively. By comparing the numerical results to a simple diffusion model, we are able to determine the diffusion coefficient of the warp, $α_2$, as a function of the relevant disc parameters. We find that while in general the disc behaviour is well reproduced by the diffusion model and for relatively large viscosities the warp diffusion is well described by the linear theory (in particular confirming that the warp diffusion coefficient is inversely proportional to viscosity), significant non-linear effects are present as the viscosity becomes smaller, but still dominates over wave-propagation effects. In particular, we find that the inverse dependence of the diffusion coefficient on viscosity breaks down at low viscosities, so that $α_2$ never becomes larger than a saturation value $α_{\rm max}$ of order unity. This can have major consequences in the evolution of systems where a warped disc is present. In particular, it affects the location of the warp radius in the Bardeen-Petterson effect and therefore the spin up (or spin down) of supermassive black holes in the nuclei of galaxies. Additionally, we also find that while the rate of warp diffusion does not depend significantly on the detailed viscosity formulation, the rate of internal precession generated by the warp is strongly affected by it. Such effects should be considered with care when modeling the evolution of warped discs. This emphasises the need to test the above results using different numerical schemes, and with higher resolution, in order to investigate the degree to which numerical simulations are able to provide accurate modeling of the complex fluid dynamics of warped discs. (Abridged)
description: 17 pages, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Breakdown of fluctuation-dissipation relations in granular gases
Creators: name: Brey, J. J.
name: de Soria, M. I. Garcia
name: Maynar, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A numerical molecular dynamics experiment measuring the two-time correlation function of the transversal velocity field in the homogeneous cooling state of a granular gas is reported. By measuring the decay rate and the amplitude of the correlations, the accuracy of the Landau-Langevin equation of fluctuating hydrodynamics is checked. The results indicate that although a Langevin approach can be valid, the fluctuation-dissipation relation must be modified, since the viscosity parameter appearing in it differs from the usual hydrodynamic shear viscosity.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures
Dynamics of 2D Material Membranes
Creators: name: Steeneken, Peter G.
name: Dolleman, Robin J.
name: Davidovikj, Dejan
name: Alijani, Farbod
name: van der Zant, Herre S. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dynamics of suspended two-dimensional (2D) materials has received increasing attention during the last decade, yielding new techniques to study and interpret the physics that governs the motion of atomically thin layers. This has led to insights into the role of thermodynamic and nonlinear effects as well as the mechanisms that govern dissipation and stiffness in these resonators. In this review, we present the current state-of-the-art in the experimental study of the dynamics of 2D membranes. The focus will be both on the experimental measurement techniques and on the interpretation of the physical phenomena exhibited by atomically thin membranes in the linear and nonlinear regimes. We will show that resonant 2D membranes have emerged both as sensitive probes of condensed matter physics in ultrathin layers, and as sensitive elements to monitor small external forces or other changes in the environment. New directions for utilizing suspended 2D membranes for material characterization, thermal transport, and gas interactions will be discussed and we conclude by outlining the challenges and opportunities in this upcoming field.
description: 39 pages, 16 figures
Le forme dello spazio pubblico
Creators: name: Ferrara, Federica
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2006

description: La tesi si concentra sulla definizione del concetto di spazio pubblico e si impegna a rintracciarne le forme, anche in un panorama complesso come quello che caratterizza i territori urbani contemporanei. Per spazio pubblico si intende un sistema di spazi liberi in continuità fisica, un luogo in cui si incrociano tematiche e piani differenti, ognuno dei quali contribuisce alla dimensione e alla forma dell’insieme conseguente. In quanto “spina dorsale” rimanda alla dimensione urbana nel suo complesso e, al contempo, alle relazioni e alle tensioni che incidono sul suo corpo. Costituisce, parallelamente, una delle parti che ne formano, concretamente, la struttura. In questo senso rinvia alla totalità della città e alla presenza dei differenti frammenti di cui essa è composta. Indagare le caratteristiche e le qualità di questa “parte” urbana rappresenta, pertanto, un pretesto per riflettere sulla città nel suo complesso. Il tentativo è quello di precisare le caratteristiche della città contemporanea, operando un processo di descrizione mediante il quale ripensare i materiali di cui è composta. Si procede, anzitutto, all’inserimento dell’indagine svolta all’interno di una teoria “tipo”, tracciandone una sorta di storia e collegandola alla questione della forma e della figura in ambito architettonico. Queste coordinate concettuali sono necessarie per effettuare una lettura del paesaggio urbano che non sia arbitraria, ma radicata in una tradizione disciplinare. Si procede, quindi, al chiarimento di alcuni aspetti indicativi della città contemporanea, a causa dei quali sono, ovviamente, mutate anche le caratteristiche degli spazi di aggregazione collettiva. Si tenta, quindi, di definire il concetto di spazio pubblico in relazione alla condizione contemporanea, ricorrendo, inevitabilmente anche al contributo di altre discipline. Il lavoro si conclude, infine, con un’indagine sul campo, nel senso che si procede alla definizione di una sorta di repertorio dei luoghi pubblici, dai quali emerge, di volta in volta, la differente concezione spaziale che li governa. È stato costruito una sorta di inventario di requisiti dello spazio e di elementi della composizione che, potenzialmente, potrebbero essere utilizzati nella trasformazione del paesaggio.
Table of Contents for the Dardanelles Commission witness statements (CAB 19/33)
Creators: name: Ozkan, Yusuf Ali
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: History

description: This spreadsheet lists witnesses who gave their statements to the Dardanelles Commission of 1916-17. It also shows who witnessed on which day with the page numbers where their statements can be found in the proceedings document of TNA CAB 19/33. I created this spreadsheet. If you spot any issue, please contact me at yusuf.a.ozkan@kcl.ac.uk. Dardanelles Commission witness statements can be reached in TNA CAB 19/33 (see https://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/r/C38581).
La proprietà industriale tra diritti della persona e regolamentazione del mercato: profili dell’intervento dell’Unione Europea in tema di proprietà intellettuale
Creators: name: Pollice, Ettore
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2006

description: La  tesi tratta della proprietà intellettuale e sviluppo sociale ed economico confrontato con il WTO, la società dell’informazione (Internet), la biotecnologia, sul problema dei farmaci e degli OGM. Proprietà intellettuale e diritti umani ed la proprietà industriale nell’U.E.  (con tutti gli aspetti; brevetto marchio, contraffazione e pirateria). Ed infine la tutela del copyright, sui diritti dei consumatori.
Peroxidatic & spectrophotometric characteristics of a 65-residue heme peptide derivative from cytochrome c
Creators: name: Chang, Edwin
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: 1-65H, a 65 amino acid residue long, heme-containing peptide, was produced by incubating horse heart cytochrome c in a solution containing two-hundred fold excess of CNBr. A combination of CO, CN⁻, Imidazole, SCN⁻ and pH spectral titration studies have demonstrated that the heme binding site of 1-65H is more exposed towards the external environment. A consequence of this increased exposure is the 88 to 875-fold amplification of the peroxidase activity in 1-65H over horse heart cytochrome c_. The binding of exogenous ligands to 1-65H inhibited the peroxidase activity thus demonstrating that a necessary condition for peroxidase activity is increased accessibility of the heme moiety to H₂O₂. However the peroxidase activity of Horse Radish Peroxidase (HRP) is approximately three orders of magnitude greater than rates for 1-65H indicating that heme exposure is not sufficient for full peroxidase function. A second consequence of greater heme exposure is the ease in which exogenous ligands bind to the heme group of 1-65H when compared to hhc. The relative increase in exogenous ligand binding has led to a number of interesting findings. Of special note is the discovery that horse heart cytochrome c has a redox-state dependent affinity for CN⁻ but that 1-65H displayed no such property. As a result, it is proposed that the nature of the protein-bound axial ligands play a vital role in determining the redox-state dependency of heme accessibility. Based on exogenous ligand substitution studies on 1-65H, it is also proposed that the type of axial ligands influences the nature of the Soret absorbance band. In particular, electron-withdrawing axial ligands will reduce the intensity of the Soret absorbance peak while electron-donating ligands will increase the intensity of the Soret absorbance peak.
The emerging role of FKBP51 in melanoma: characterization of a promising molecular target for innovative therapies
Creators: name: Romano, Simona
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2010

description: Melanoma is a malignant skin cancer with high metastatic potential. The
number of melanoma cases worldwide is increasing faster than any other cancer. The prognosis is bad in the advanced stages of the disease due to resistance to conventional anti-cancer treatments. Patients diagnosed with advanced stage melanoma continue to pose a significant challenge for clinicians. Although many therapeutic regimens for metastatic melanoma have been tested, very few achieve response rates greater than 25%. There is much hope for targeted therapies and promising agents include those that act on apoptosis-regulating molecules. Very recently, we have identified that an immunophilin, namely FK506 binding protein (FKBP) 51 controls response of melanoma to DNA damaging agents, such as anthracyclines compounds. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible role of FKBP51 in the control of response to ionizing radiation (IR) in malignant melanoma. FKBP51-silenced cells showed reduced clonogenic potential after irradiation compared with non-silenced cells. After IR, we observed apoptosis in FKBP51-silenced cells and autophagy in non-silenced cells. FKBP51 was required for the activation of Rx-induced NF-kappaB, which in turn inhibited apoptosis by
stimulating X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein and promoting authophagymediated Bax degradation. Using a tumor-xenograft mouse model, the in vivo pretreatment of tumors with FKBP51-siRNA provoked massive apoptosis after irradiation. Immunohistochemical analysis of 10 normal skin samples and 80 malignant cutaneous melanomas showed that FKBP51 is a marker of melanocyte malignancy, correlating with vertical growth phase and lesion thickness. Moreover, we provided evidence that FKBP51 targeting radiosensitizes cancer stem/initiating cells. Finally, we expanded the study to other types of cancer, including ovarian, pancreatic, prostate, colon, breast and lung cancer and found a strong correlation between the protein expression and malignity of the tumoral lesions. In conclusion, our study identifies a possible molecular target for radiosensitizing therapeutic strategies against malignant melanoma and a potential novel tumoral biomarker.