cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A global regulatory new deal for precarious and informal workers
Creators: name: Marshall, Shelley
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2015

description: This dissertation is concerned with what regulatory strategies can best improve the conditions of the growing "precariat" or informal workforce. The growing incidence of precarious work is linked with increased inequality and heightened vulnerability. The thesis is concerned with the realm of regulation - hard laws, soft initiatives and other institutions that shape behaviour. Four case studies of informal work are conducted spanning poor, middle income and developed countries. Head load (Mathadi) workers in India, immigrant industrial clothing outworkers in Australia, garment workers in Cambodia and workers in Bulgaria who rely on a range of home-based work to survive are studied. The cases were selected because innovative regulatory schemes have been developed to improve the conditions of workers in each country. The schemes have enjoyed varying success, providing insights into what works and what doesn't in differing contexts. Based on evaluations of these existing innovations an ambitious transnational, networked initiative that aims to promote a global living wage and regulate supply chains is canvassed. The proposal includes the establishment of an international disputes mechanism for enforcement of global remuneration minima, combined with tribunals that operate at national levels empowered to hold parties in the supply chain accountable. The approach suggests novel tools and incentives for unions and state labour departments to become more active in mobilising and regulating this precarious workforce, and for businesses to change their behaviour.
Macdonald polynomials at $t=q^k$
Creators: name: Luque, Jean-Gabriel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05E05, 05E35

description: We investigate the homogeneous symmetric Macdonald polynomials $P_λ(\X;q,t)$ for the specialization $t=q^k$. We show an identity relying the polynomials $P_λ(\X;q,q^k)$ and $P_λ(\frac{1-q}{1-q^k}\X;q,q^k)$. As a consequence, we describe an operator whose eigenvalues characterize the polynomials $P_λ(\X;q,q^k)$.
description: 19pp; Journal of Algebra (2009) In Press
Testing distributional equality for functional random variables
Creators: name: Banerjee, Bilol
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this article, we present a nonparametric method for the general two-sample problem involving functional random variables modelled as elements of a separable Hilbert space ${\cal H}$. First, we present a general recipe based on linear projections to construct a measure of dissimilarity between two probability distributions on ${\cal H}$. In particular, we consider a measure based on the energy statistic and present some of its nice theoretical properties. A plug-in estimator of this measure is used as the test statistic to construct a general two-sample test. Large sample distribution of this statistic is derived both under null and alternative hypotheses. However, since the quantiles of the limiting null distribution are analytically intractable, the test is calibrated using the permutation method. We prove the large sample consistency of the resulting permutation test under fairly general assumptions. We also study the efficiency of the proposed test by establishing a new local asymptotic normality result for functional random variables. Using that result, we derive the asymptotic distribution of the permuted test statistic and the asymptotic power of the permutation test under local contiguous alternatives. This establishes that the permutation test is statistically efficient in the Pitman sense. Extensive simulation studies are carried out and a real data set is analyzed to compare the performance of our proposed test with some state-of-the-art methods.
description: Significant changes has been done from the previous version
Pulsar tests of the graviton mass
Creators: name: Shao, Lijing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In Einstein's general relativity (GR), gravity is described by a massless spin-2 metric field, and the extension of GR to include a mass term for the graviton has profound implication for gravitation and cosmology. Besides the gravity experiments carried out in the Solar System and those recently with gravitational waves (GWs), pulsar timing observations provide a complementary means to test the masslessness of graviton. In this contribution, I overview three methods in probing the mass of graviton from precision timing of binary pulsars via the modified gravitational radiation (hence, the observed damping rate of the orbital period), as well as from the pulsar-timing-array (PTA) experiments via the modified Hellings-Downs angular-correlation curve. These tests probe different aspects of gravitation in its kinematics and dynamics, complementing tests of other kinds and providing valuable information to the fundamental theory of gravity.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure; submitted to Astronomische Nachrichten
Neutralino Production and Decay at an e^+e^- Linear Collider with Transversely Polarized Beams
Creators: name: Choi, S. Y.
name: Drees, M.
name: Song, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Once supersymmetric neutralinos $\tildeχ^0$ are produced copiously at $e^+e^-$ linear colliders, their characteristics can be measured with high precision. In particular, the fundamental parameters in the gaugino/higgsino sector of the minimal supersymmetric extension of the standard model (MSSM) can be analyzed. Here we focus on the determination of possible CP--odd phases of these parameters. To that end, we exploit the electron/positron beam polarization, including transverse polarization, as well as the spin/angular correlations of the neutralino production $e^+ e^- \to \tildeχ^0_i \tildeχ^0_j$ and subsequent 2--body decays $\tildeχ^0_i \to \tildeχ^0_k h, \tildeχ^0_k Z, \tilde \ell^\pm_R \ell^\mp$, using (partly) optimized CP--odd observables. If no final--state polarizations are measured, the $Z$ and $h$ modes are independent of the $\tildeχ^0_i$ polarization, but CP--odd observables constructed from the leptonic decay mode can help in reconstructing the neutralino sector of the CP--noninvariant MSSM. In this situation, transverse beam polarization does not seem to be particularly useful in probing explicit CP violation in the neutralino sector of the MSSM. This can most easily be accomplished using longitudinal beam polarization.
description: LaTeX, 25 pages with embedded postscript figures; minor changes, version to appear in Journal of High Energy Physics
PAIRS AutoGeo: an Automated Machine Learning Framework for Massive Geospatial Data
Creators: name: Zhou, Wang
name: Klein, Levente J.
name: Lu, Siyuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: An automated machine learning framework for geospatial data named PAIRS AutoGeo is introduced on IBM PAIRS Geoscope big data and analytics platform. The framework simplifies the development of industrial machine learning solutions leveraging geospatial data to the extent that the user inputs are minimized to merely a text file containing labeled GPS coordinates. PAIRS AutoGeo automatically gathers required data at the location coordinates, assembles the training data, performs quality check, and trains multiple machine learning models for subsequent deployment. The framework is validated using a realistic industrial use case of tree species classification. Open-source tree species data are used as the input to train a random forest classifier and a modified ResNet model for 10-way tree species classification based on aerial imagery, which leads to an accuracy of $59.8\%$ and $81.4\%$, respectively. This use case exemplifies how PAIRS AutoGeo enables users to leverage machine learning without extensive geospatial expertise.
The culture of weeds in Western Canada, 1800-1950 : an environmental history
Creators: name: Evans, Clinton Lorne
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This study chronicles the course of an important but little known Canadian war: the war between people and weeds in Western Canada. Arising from intense competition between two groups of immigrants, this conflict started in Europe, spread to Eastern North America and reached a climax on the broad expanses of the Canadian Prairies. By the early 1940s weeds had gained the upper hand on their human competitors and many predicted the end to extensive grain production in the West. This did not occur, however, because of the timely development of 2,4-D and other selective herbicides immediately following the close of World War II. These potent chemical weapons gave prairie farmers new hope at a time when defeat seemed all but certain and they are largely responsible for the expensive standoff between farmers and weeds that persists to this day. Recounting the history of weeds and weed control in Western Canada between 1800 and 1950 serves a number of functions. One is to provide weed scientists with some historical background and an object lesson in the consequences of seeking simple solutions to complex, long-standing problems. Another is to remind historians that we cannot truly understand the history of western settlement and agriculture without understanding the practical issues that dominated the daily lives of past generations of farmers. Yet a third function is to introduce a specific environmental history approach to Canadian historians while, at the same time, encouraging them to pay more attention to recent developments in this American-dominated field. A fourth and final reason for investigating the historical relationship between people and weeds is that it can be used to symbolize something far larger: the relationship between culture and nature in general. An exploration of this issue is made possible by the curious relationship between people and weeds, a relationship summed up by the thesis that weeds are both the the products of and participants in culture. The dissertation concludes with a discussion of recent trends in weed science and, in particular, of the merits of the "new" doctrine of weed management. Canadian historians are lectured on the danger of ignoring nature when writing about history and readers are asked to consider what the terms "nature" and "culture" mean. Do they represent discrete subjects, separate spheres of existence, a dichotomy? Or, are they just different aspects of a larger, more complex whole?
Quasi Maximum Likelihood Estimation of High-Dimensional Factor Models: A Critical Review
Creators: name: Barigozzi, Matteo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Econometrics (econ.EM)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We review Quasi Maximum Likelihood estimation of factor models for high-dimensional panels of time series. We consider two cases: (1) estimation when no dynamic model for the factors is specified (Bai and Li, 2012, 2016); (2) estimation based on the Kalman smoother and the Expectation Maximization algorithm thus allowing to model explicitly the factor dynamics (Doz et al., 2012, Barigozzi and Luciani, 2019). Our interest is in approximate factor models, i.e., when we allow for the idiosyncratic components to be mildly cross-sectionally, as well as serially, correlated. Although such setting apparently makes estimation harder, we show, in fact, that factor models do not suffer of the {\it curse of dimensionality} problem, but instead they enjoy a {\it blessing of dimensionality} property. In particular, given an approximate factor structure, if the cross-sectional dimension of the data, $N$, grows to infinity, we show that: (i) identification of the model is still possible, (ii) the mis-specification error due to the use of an exact factor model log-likelihood vanishes. Moreover, if we let also the sample size, $T$, grow to infinity, we can also consistently estimate all parameters of the model and make inference. The same is true for estimation of the latent factors which can be carried out by weighted least-squares, linear projection, or Kalman filtering/smoothing. We also compare the approaches presented with: Principal Component analysis and the classical, fixed $N$, exact Maximum Likelihood approach. We conclude with a discussion on efficiency of the considered estimators.
Effective Range Corrections to Three-Body Recombination for Atoms with Large Scattering Length
Creators: name: Hammer, H. -W.
name: Lahde, Timo A.
name: Platter, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Few-body systems with large scattering length a have universal properties that do not depend on the details of their interactions at short distances. The rate constant for three-body recombination of bosonic atoms of mass m into a shallow dimer scales as \hbar a^4/m times a log-periodic function of the scattering length. We calculate the leading and subleading corrections to the rate constant which are due to the effective range of the atoms and study the correlation between the rate constant and the atom-dimer scattering length. Our results are applied to 4He atoms as a test case.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures, improved discussion, final version
Deep Parametric Continuous Convolutional Neural Networks
Creators: name: Wang, Shenlong
name: Suo, Simon
name: Ma, Wei-Chiu
name: Pokrovsky, Andrei
name: Urtasun, Raquel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Standard convolutional neural networks assume a grid structured input is available and exploit discrete convolutions as their fundamental building blocks. This limits their applicability to many real-world applications. In this paper we propose Parametric Continuous Convolution, a new learnable operator that operates over non-grid structured data. The key idea is to exploit parameterized kernel functions that span the full continuous vector space. This generalization allows us to learn over arbitrary data structures as long as their support relationship is computable. Our experiments show significant improvement over the state-of-the-art in point cloud segmentation of indoor and outdoor scenes, and lidar motion estimation of driving scenes.
description: Accepted by CVPR 2018
de Sitter State in Heterotic String Theory
Creators: name: Alexander, Stephon
name: Dasgupta, Keshav
name: Maji, Archana
name: Ramadevi, P.
name: Tatar, Radu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent no-go theorems have ruled out four-dimensional classical de Sitter vacua in heterotic string theory. On the other hand, the absence of a well-defined Wilsonian effective action and other related phenomena also appear to rule out such time-dependent vacua with de Sitter isometries, even in the presence of quantum corrections. In this note, we argue that a four-dimensional de Sitter space can still exist in SO(32) heterotic string theory as a Glauber-Sudarshan state, i.e. as a coherent state, over a supersymmetric Minkowski background, albeit within a finite temporal domain. Borel resummation and resurgence play a crucial role in constructing such a state in the Hilbert space of heterotic theory governed entirely by the IR degrees of freedom.
description: 18 pages, no figures, LaTex; v2: Typos corrected and references updated. Final version to appear in Fortschritte der Physik
Lexical elicitation: voice quality; Mann 1-118
Creators: name: Thonkhamdee, Kaai
name: Lau-Preechathammarach, Raksit Tyler
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: sss

description: Elicitation of words differing only in voice quality (modal, breathy) and words from Mann's MSEA Swadesh list 1-118. Other voices included. Consultant is a 68-year-old female.
The Virial Mass Function of Nearby SDSS Galaxy Clusters
Creators: name: Rines, Kenneth
name: Diaferio, Antonaldo
name: Natarajan, Priyamvada
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new determination of the cluster mass function and velocity dispersion function in a volume $\sim10^7 h^3$Mpc$^{-3}$ using the Fourth Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). We use the caustic technique to remove foreground and background galaxies. The cluster virial mass function agrees well with recent estimates from both X-ray observations and cluster richnesses. The mass function lies between those predicted by the First-Year and Three-Year WMAP data. We constrain the cosmological parameters $Ω_m$ and $σ_8$ and find good agreement with WMAP and constraints from other techniques. With the CIRS mass function alone, we estimate $Ω_m=0.24^{+0.14}_{-0.09}$ and $σ_8=0.92^{+0.24}_{-0.19}$, or $σ_8=0.84\pm$0.03 when holding $Ω_m=0.3$ fixed. We also use the WMAP parameters as priors and constrain velocity segregation in clusters. Using the First and Third-Year results, we infer velocity segregation of $σ_{gxy}/σ_{DM}\approx0.94\pm$0.05 or 1.28$\pm$0.06 respectively. We compare the velocity dispersion function of clusters to that of early-type galaxies and conclude that clusters comprise the high-velocity end of the velocity dispersion function of dark matter haloes. The evolution of cluster abundances provides constraints on dark energy models; the mass function presented here offers an important low redshift calibration benchmark.
description: 22 pages, 11 figures, ApJ in press, revised figures
Darboux partners of Heun-class potentials for the two-dimensional massless Dirac equation
Creators: name: Schulze-Halberg, A.
name: Ishkhanyan, A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply the Darboux transformation to construct new exactly-solvable cases of the two-dimensional massless Dirac equation for potential classes of Lambert-W and inverse exponential type. Both of these classes originate from the Heun equation. Conditions are devised for transformed potentials to be real-valued, and to be in terms of elementary functions.
Geometry-Aware Attenuation Learning for Sparse-View CBCT Reconstruction
Creators: name: Liu, Zhentao
name: Fang, Yu
name: Li, Changjian
name: Wu, Han
name: Liu, Yuan
name: Shen, Dinggang
name: Cui, Zhiming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) plays a vital role in clinical imaging. Traditional methods typically require hundreds of 2D X-ray projections to reconstruct a high-quality 3D CBCT image, leading to considerable radiation exposure. This has led to a growing interest in sparse-view CBCT reconstruction to reduce radiation doses. While recent advances, including deep learning and neural rendering algorithms, have made strides in this area, these methods either produce unsatisfactory results or suffer from time inefficiency of individual optimization. In this paper, we introduce a novel geometry-aware encoder-decoder framework to solve this problem. Our framework starts by encoding multi-view 2D features from various 2D X-ray projections with a 2D CNN encoder. Leveraging the geometry of CBCT scanning, it then back-projects the multi-view 2D features into the 3D space to formulate a comprehensive volumetric feature map, followed by a 3D CNN decoder to recover 3D CBCT image. Importantly, our approach respects the geometric relationship between 3D CBCT image and its 2D X-ray projections during feature back projection stage, and enjoys the prior knowledge learned from the data population. This ensures its adaptability in dealing with extremly sparse view inputs without individual training, such as scenarios with only 5 or 10 X-ray projections. Extensive evaluations on two simulated datasets and one real-world dataset demonstrate exceptional reconstruction quality and time efficiency of our method.
description: 15 pages, 15 figures, 10 tables
Navigating Prototyping Excellence: A Comprehensive Framework Integrating Technological Feasibility, Market Research, Resource Allocation, and Iterative Design Processes
Creators: name: Leocadio, Paulo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 401001
subject: Engineering design

description: This essay endeavors to probe the intricate considerations that precede the allocation of time and resources to prototype development within the domain of technology engineering. Rooted in a rigorous examination of scholarly literature, the abstract not only outlines the key factors influencing the pre-prototype phase but also articulates the underlying line of thinking that guides the content. The narrative navigates the intersectionality of innovation and pragmatism, emphasizing the need for a systematic and scientific approach in crafting successful prototypes.At its core, the essay works under the premise that effective prototyping demands a nuanced understanding of the multifaceted landscape within which technological innovations unfold. Drawing from a wealth of scholarly insights, the abstract sets the stage for an exploration that transcends the conventional boundaries of engineering discourse. The line of thinking underlying this examination revolves around the fusion of theoretical ideation with practical execution, contending that the success of a prototype hinges on the intricate orchestration of various elements.The document lays bare the foundational belief that technological feasibility is the linchpin of prototype development. It posits that an in-depth comprehension of current technological paradigms, coupled with a foresight into potential advancements, forms the bedrock which we find successful prototypes built upon. Moreover, the line of thinking accentuates the interdependence of technological feasibility with market dynamics, contending that an innovation, no matter how groundbreaking, must align with market demands to achieve meaningful impact.Within this intellectual framework, resource allocation appears as a strategic consideration rather than a mere logistical task. The essay argues that the judicious distribution of financial, human, and material resources is integral to the efficiency and sustainability of prototype development. The narrative underscores the dynamic nature of resource allocation, advocating for an adaptive approach that mirrors the iterative design processes championed by leading scholars in the field.Finally, this essay not only delineates the considerations central to the pre-prototype phase but also illuminates the underlying philosophy that propels this exploration. As technology engineering continues its relentless march towards unprecedented advancements, this study asserts that a scientific and systematic approach to prototype development serves as a compass, guiding engineers through the complexities of innovation. It is within this nexus of theoretical depth and pragmatic application that the true potential of prototypes unfolds, laying the groundwork for transformative technological breakthroughs.
A stability result for the first Robin-Neumann eigenvalue: A double perturbation approach
Creators: name: Cito, Simone
name: Paoli, Gloria
name: Piscitelli, Gianpaolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35J25, 35P15, 47J30

description: Let $Ω=Ω_0\setminus \overlineΘ\subset \mathbb{R}^n$, $n\geq 2$, where $Ω_0$ and $Θ$ are two open, bounded and convex sets such that $\overlineΘ\subset Ω_0$ and let $β<0$ be a given parameter. We consider the eigenvalue problem for the Laplace operator associated to $Ω$, with Robin boundary condition on $\partial Ω_0$ and Neumann boundary condition on $\partial Θ$. In [Paoli-Piscitelli-Trani, ESAIM-COCV '20] it is proved that the spherical shell is the only maximizer for the first Robin-Neumann eigenvalue in the class of domains $Ω$ with fixed outer perimeter and volume.
 We establish a quantitative version of the afore-mentioned isoperimetric inequality; the main novelty consists in the introduction of a new type of hybrid asymmetry, that turns out to be the suitable one to treat the different conditions on the outer and internal boundary. Up to our knowledge, in this context, this is the first stability result in which both the outer and the inner boundary are perturbed.
Degeneracy Lifting of Néel, Bloch, and Anti-Skyrmion Crystals in Centrosymmetric Tetragonal Systems
Creators: name: Hayami, Satoru
name: Yambe, Ryota
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A skyrmion crystal has internal degrees of freedom in terms of vorticity and helicity, which gives rise to fascinating types of skyrmion phases (Néel, Bloch, and anti-skyrmion). We show how the degeneracy lifting in tetragonal skyrmion crystals occurs in centrosymmetric itinerant magnets by focusing on microscopic interactions through the Fermi surface instability. We demonstrate that four types of skyrmion crystals can be realized according to the signs of the anisotropic Ruderman-Kittel-Kasuya-Yosida interaction, which are sensitive to band structures, electron fillings, atomic orbitals, and sublattice positions. Our findings might provide a possibility of controlling the types of the skyrmion crystals by electron doping and external pressure rather than relying on the noncentrosymmetric lattice structures.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Astroinformatics: Statistically Optimal Approximations of Near-Extremal Parts with Application to Variable Stars
Creators: name: Andronov, Ivan L.
name: Andrych, Kateryna D.
name: Chinarova, Lidia L.
name: Tvardovskyi, Dmytro E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The software MAVKA is described, which was elaborated for statistically optimal determination of the characteristics of the extrema of 1000+ variable stars of different types, mainly eclipsing and pulsating. The approximations are phenomenological, but not physical. As often, the discovery of a new variable star is made on time series of a single-filter (single-channel) data, and there is no possibility to determine parameters needed for physical modelling (e.g. temperature, radial velocities, mass ratio of binaries). Besides classical polynomial approximation "AP" (we limited the degree of the polynomial from 2 to 9), there are realized symmetrical approximations (symmetrical polynomials "SP", "wall-supported" horizontal line "WSL" and parabola "WSP", restricted polynomials of non-integer order based on approximations of the functions proposed by Andronov (2012) and Mikulasek (2015) and generally asymmetric functions (asymptotic parabola "AP", parabolic spline "PS", generalized hyperbolic secant function "SECH" and "log-normal-like" "BSK"). This software is a successor of the "Observation Obscurer" with some features for the variable star research, including a block for "running parabola" "RP" scalegram and approximation. Whereas the RP is oriented on approximation of the complete data set. MAVKA is pointed to parts of the light curve close to extrema (including total eclipses and transits of stars and exoplanets). The functions for wider intervals, covering the eclipse totally, were discussed in 2017Ap.....60...57A . Global and local approximations are reviewed in 2020kdbd.book..191A . The software is available at http://uavso.org.ua/mavka and https://katerynaandrych.wixsite.com/mavka. We have analyzed the data from own observations, as well as from monitoring obtained at ground-based and space (currently, mainly, TESS) observatories. It may be used for signals of any nature.
Hansenocaris undetermined
Creators: name: Olesen, Jørgen
name: Grygier, Mark J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Maxillopoda
Hansenocarididae
Hansenocaris
Hansenocaris undetermined

description: Y-nauplius Type E*
Figs 2, 10A–F
Hansenocaris sp. – Itô 1991: 57, fig. 1 (see the ‘ Itô’s (1991) y-nauplius’ portion of the Discussion below).
Nauplius of undescribed lecithotrophic y-larva – Grygier et al. 2019: 1226–1228, figs 2c–h, 3a–b.
Type E* – Dreyer et al. 2023a: figs 4, 5a, c, tables s1–s2.
Material examined
JAPAN – Okinawa, Sesoko I., laboratory pier, 26°38ʹ09.4ʺ N, 127°51ʹ55.2ʺ E • 9 LSN; 1991–2005 • 40 LSN, 29 of which molted to cyprids; 2018–2019 (Tables 1 and S1).
Description
LAST-STAGE NAUPLIUS (LSN). Lecithotrophic. Body short-handled spoon-shaped in dorso-ventral view; about 1.5 times as long as wide; cephalic shield widely ovate, with sharp discontinuity in body outline leading into trunk. In lateral view, trunk axis bent downwards 50–60° with respect to cephalic axis. Length 210–260 µm (without dorso-caudal spine), greatest width 140–150 µm, greatest dorso-ventral thickness ca 80 µm. Labrum with pentagonal outline in ventral view; free posterior margin extending into 10 µm long median spine; surface divided into facets by cuticular ridges; pores not examined in detail, but at least with pair of postero-lateral pores. Caudal end attenuate, terminating in 40–50 µm long, often slightly curved dorso-caudal spine upturned 50° with respect to trunk axis and armed with spiny ornamentation and accompanied ventrally at base by pair of ca 7 µm long furcal spines.
CYPRID VIEWED THROUGH CUTICLE OF LSN. Body weakly brownish-pigmented. Cephalon with one or two pairs of distinct yolk/lipid vesicles close to its anterior margin. Gut-like central tube often with brownish/reddish-colored yolk granules, especially in posterior part. Telson about as long as wide and less than half as long as thorax.
Identification and variation
Recognizable by the combination of its general body shape, pentagonal labral outline, relative slender and often curved dorso-caudal spine, and the pair of distinct yolk granules/vesicles at the anterior margin of the cephalic shield. Little morphological variation is seen between specimens. Molecular diversity revealed by sequencing 15 specimens (Dreyer et al. 2023a) suggests that this naupliar morphospecies includes two or three distinct species.
Distribution
Japan (Sesoko Island, Okinawa; Tanabe Bay, Wakayama).
description: Published as part of Olesen, Jørgen & Grygier, Mark J., 2024, Taxonomic diversity of marine planktonic ' y-larvae' (Crustacea: Facetotecta) from a coral reef hotspot locality (Japan, Okinawa), with a key to y-nauplii, pp. 1-90 in European Journal of Taxonomy 929 (1) on page 28, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2024.929.2479, http://zenodo.org/record/10876286
Object neophilia in wild herring gulls in urban and rural locations
Creators: name: Inzani, Emma
name: Kelley, Laura
name: Boogert, Neetje
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Exploratory behaviour
human-wildlife conflict
risk perception
urban ecology

description: Living with increasing urbanisation and human populations requires resourcefulness and flexibility in wild animals' behaviour. Animals have to adapt to anthropogenic novelty in habitat structure and resources that may not resemble, or be as beneficial as, natural resources. Herring gulls (Larus argentatus) increasingly reside in towns and cities to breed and forage, yet how gulls are adjusting their behaviour to life in urban areas is not yet fully understood. This study investigated wild herring gulls' responses to novel and common anthropogenic objects in urban and rural locations. We also examined whether gulls' age influenced their object response behaviour. We found that, out of the 126 individual gulls presented with objects, 34% approached them. This suggests that the majority of targeted gulls were wary or lacked interest in the experimental set-up. Of the 43 gulls that approached the objects, we found that those tested in urban locations approached more slowly than their rural counterparts. Overall, gulls showed no preference for either novel or common anthropogenic objects, and age did not influence likelihood of approach, approach speed or object choice. Individuals paid most attention to the object they approached first, potentially indicative of individual preferences. Our findings indicate that most herring gulls are not as attracted to anthropogenic objects as anecdotal reports have suggested. Covering up obvious food rewards may thus help mitigate human-gull conflict over anthropogenic food sources.
description: Funding provided by: Natural Environment Research Council
Crossref Funder Registry ID: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000270
Award Number: 3337Funding provided by: Royal Society Dorothy Hodgkin Research Fellowships*
Crossref Funder Registry ID:
Award Number: NJB: DH140080Funding provided by: Royal Society Dorothy Hodgki*
Crossref Funder Registry ID:
Award Number: LAK: DH160082
Degradable Strongly Entanglement Breaking Maps
Creators: name: Devendra, Repana
name: sapra, Gunjan
name: Sumesh, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we provide a structure theorem and various characterizations of degradable strongly entanglement breaking maps on separable Hilbert spaces. In the finite dimensional case, we prove that unital degradable entanglement breaking maps are precisely the $C^*$-extreme points of the convex set of unital entanglement breaking maps on matrix algebras. Consequently, we get a structure for unital degradable positive partial transpose (PPT-) maps.
description: Comments are welcome (Email Id's are updated )
Neutron-proton mass difference in finite nuclei and the Nolen-Schiffer anomaly
Creators: name: Meißner, Ulf-G.
name: Rakhimov, A. M.
name: Wirzba, A.
name: Yakhshiev, U. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The neutron-proton mass difference in finite nuclei is studied in the framework of a medium-modified Skyrme model. The possible interplay between the effective nucleon mass in finite nuclei and the Nolen-Schiffer anomaly is discussed. In particular, we find that a correct description of the properties of mirror nuclei leads to a stringent restriction of possible modifications of the nucleon's effective mass in nuclei.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures (some typos corrected and references added)
Decrease in the orbital period of dwarf nova OY Carinae
Creators: name: Greenhill, J. G.
name: Hill, K. M.
name: Dieters, S.
name: Fienberg, K.
name: Howlett, M.
name: Meijers, A.
name: Munro, A.
name: Senkbeil, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have measured the orbital light curve of dwarf nova OY Carinae on 8 separate occasions between 1997 September and 2005 December. The measurements were made in white light using CCD photometers on the Mt Canopus 1 m telescope. The time of eclipse in 2005 December was 168 +- 5 s earlier than that predicted by the Wood et al.(1989) ephemeris. Using the times of eclipse from our measurements and the compilation of published measurements by Pratt et al (1999) we find that the observational data are inconsistent with a constant period and indicate that the orbital period is decreasing by 5+-1 X 10^-12 s/s. This is too fast to be explained by gravitational radiation emission. It is possible that the change is cyclic with a period greater than about 80 years. This is much longer than typical magnetic activity cycles and may be due to the presence of a third object in the system. Preliminary estimates suggest that this is a brown dwarf with mass about 0.016 Msun and orbital radius >= 17 AU.
description: 4 pages 2 figures. MNRAS submitted Final proofread version. Discussion modified with figure showing fits and residuals to models, statistical significance of fits added and minor typographical edits
Tight Space Lower Bound for Pseudo-Deterministic Approximate Counting
Creators: name: Grossman, Ofer
name: Gupta, Meghal
name: Sellke, Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We investigate one of the most basic problems in streaming algorithms: approximating the number of elements in the stream. In 1978, Morris famously gave a randomized algorithm achieving a constant-factor approximation error for streams of length at most N in space $O(\log \log N)$. We investigate the pseudo-deterministic complexity of the problem and prove a tight $Ω(\log N)$ lower bound, thus resolving a problem of Goldwasser-Grossman-Mohanty-Woodruff.
description: Clarified example 2 in the technical overview. Appeared in FOCS 2023
Single Transverse Spin Asymmetry for Semi-Inclusive Deep Inelastic Scattering
Creators: name: Eguchi, Hisato
name: Koike, Yuji
name: Tanaka, Kazuhiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Establishing the twist-3 formalsim for the single transverse spin asymmetry, we present a complete single-spin-dependent cross section for SIDIS, $ep^\uparrow\to eπX$, associated with the twist-3 distribution for the transversely polarized nucleon. We emphasize that the consistency condition from the Ward identities for color gauge invariance is crucial to prove factorization property of the cross section.
description: Talk presented at SPIN 2006. 4 pages. Typos are corrected
Stellar halos and elliptical galaxy formation: Origin of dynamical properties of the planetary nebular systems
Creators: name: Bekki, Kenji
name: Peng, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent spectroscopic observations of planetary nebulae (PNe) in several elliptical galaxies have revealed structural and kinematical properties of the outer stellar halo regions. In order to elucidate the origin of the properties of these planetary nebula systems (PNSs), we consider the merger scenario in which an elliptical galaxy is formed by merging of spiral galaxies. Using numerical simulations, we particularly investigate radial profiles of projected PNe number densities, rotational velocities, and velocity dispersions of PNSs extending to the outer halo regions of elliptical galaxies formed from major and unequal-mass merging. We find that the radial profiles of the project number densities can be fitted to the power-law and the mean number density in the outer halos of the ellipticals can be more than an order of magnitude higher than that of the original spiral's halo. The PNSs are found to show a significant amount of rotation (V/sigma >0.5) in the outer halo regions ($R$ $>$ $5R_{\rm e}$) of the ellipticals. Two-dimensional velocity fields of PNSs are derived from the simulations and their dependences on model parameters of galaxy merging are discussed in detail. We compare the simulated kinematics of PNSs with that of the PNS observed in NGC 5128 and thereby discuss advantages and disadvantages of the merger model in explaining the observed kinematics of the PNS. We also find that the kinematics of PNSs in elliptical galaxies are quite diverse depending on the orbital configurations of galaxy merging, the mass ratio of merger progenitor spirals, and the viewing angle of the galaxies. This variation translates directly into possible biases by a factor of more than two in observational mass estimation (abridged). ~ ~
description: 17 pages, 22 figures (including color figures), accepted by MNRAS
Conservative limits on the electric charge of Sgr A* in the Reissner-Nordstrom metric
Creators: name: Mishra, Ruchi
name: Vieira, Ronaldo S. S.
name: Kluźniak, Włodek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In general relativity, the gravitational field of an electrically charged, non-rotating, spherically symmetric body is described by the Reissner-Nordström (RN) metric. Depending on the charge to mass ratio, the solution describes a black hole or a naked singularity. In the naked-singularity regime, a general property of this metric is the existence of a radius, known as the zero-gravity radius, where a test particle would remain at rest. As a consequence of repulsive gravity there is no circular orbit inside this radius, and at least a part of any quasi-stable structure must necessarily lie outside of it. Assuming the iconic torus in the compact source Sgr A* at the Galactic center observed by the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) to be the image of a quasi-stationary fluid structure, we provide rigorous constraints in the RN metric on the electric charge-to-mass ratio Q/M of Sgr A*. A comparison between the EHT observations and the space-time zero-gravity radius provides the most conservative limit on the charge of Sgr A* to be |Q/M| < 2.32 in geometrized units. A charged naked singularity respecting this charge-to-mass constraint is consistent with the current EHT observations, if the image is not interpreted as a photon ring.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
A pulse crop dataset of agronomic traits and multispectral images from multiple environments
Creators: name: Chongyuan Zhang
name: Kingsley Umani
name: Rebecca J. McGee
name: George J. Vandemark
name: Sindhuja Sankaran
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Seed yield, chickpea, pea, orthomosaic images, drone

description: The pulse dataset contains agronomic data for named cultivars and breeding lines of dry pea and chickpea, and over 275 multispectral images from advanced and preliminary breeding trials. The breeding trials were located at three locations in the “Palouse” region of Eastern Washington and Northern Idaho of the United States across 2017, 2018 and 2019 cropping seasons. The multispectral images were captured using a UAV flight integrated with a 5-band camera at multiple time points from early vegetative growth through pod development stages during each cropping season. This dataset details seed yield information from trials of dry peas and chickpea that were obtained from each location, as well as additional agronomic and phenological data recorded at one location (mostly Pullman, WA) for each cropping season. The dataset also includes 20-78 megabytes (MB) Tagged Image Format (TIF) uncalibrated stitched orthomosaic images generated from the photogrammetric software.
Fusing Structure from Motion and Simulation-Augmented Pose Regression from Optical Flow for Challenging Indoor Environments
Creators: name: Ott, Felix
name: Heublein, Lucas
name: Rügamer, David
name: Bischl, Bernd
name: Mutschler, Christopher
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.9; I.2.10; I.4.1; I.4.10; I.5.4
subject: 68U01

description: The localization of objects is a crucial task in various applications such as robotics, virtual and augmented reality, and the transportation of goods in warehouses. Recent advances in deep learning have enabled the localization using monocular visual cameras. While structure from motion (SfM) predicts the absolute pose from a point cloud, absolute pose regression (APR) methods learn a semantic understanding of the environment through neural networks. However, both fields face challenges caused by the environment such as motion blur, lighting changes, repetitive patterns, and feature-less structures. This study aims to address these challenges by incorporating additional information and regularizing the absolute pose using relative pose regression (RPR) methods. RPR methods suffer under different challenges, i.e., motion blur. The optical flow between consecutive images is computed using the Lucas-Kanade algorithm, and the relative pose is predicted using an auxiliary small recurrent convolutional network. The fusion of absolute and relative poses is a complex task due to the mismatch between the global and local coordinate systems. State-of-the-art methods fusing absolute and relative poses use pose graph optimization (PGO) to regularize the absolute pose predictions using relative poses. In this work, we propose recurrent fusion networks to optimally align absolute and relative pose predictions to improve the absolute pose prediction. We evaluate eight different recurrent units and construct a simulation environment to pre-train the APR and RPR networks for better generalized training. Additionally, we record a large database of different scenarios in a challenging large-scale indoor environment that mimics a warehouse with transportation robots. We conduct hyperparameter searches and experiments to show the effectiveness of our recurrent fusion method compared to PGO.
Lexical elicitation: Mann 1-118
Creators: name: Mungsaen, Duean
name: Mungsaen, Thansamai
name: Lau-Preechathammarach, Raksit Tyler
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: sss

description: Words from Mann's MSEA Swadesh list 1-118. Consultants are a 25-year-old male and a 56-year-old female.