cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A Unified Multi-Phase CT Synthesis and Classification Framework for Kidney Cancer Diagnosis with Incomplete Data
Creators: name: Uhm, Kwang-Hyun
name: Jung, Seung-Won
name: Choi, Moon Hyung
name: Hong, Sung-Hoo
name: Ko, Sung-Jea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Multi-phase CT is widely adopted for the diagnosis of kidney cancer due to the complementary information among phases. However, the complete set of multi-phase CT is often not available in practical clinical applications. In recent years, there have been some studies to generate the missing modality image from the available data. Nevertheless, the generated images are not guaranteed to be effective for the diagnosis task. In this paper, we propose a unified framework for kidney cancer diagnosis with incomplete multi-phase CT, which simultaneously recovers missing CT images and classifies cancer subtypes using the completed set of images. The advantage of our framework is that it encourages a synthesis model to explicitly learn to generate missing CT phases that are helpful for classifying cancer subtypes. We further incorporate lesion segmentation network into our framework to exploit lesion-level features for effective cancer classification in the whole CT volumes. The proposed framework is based on fully 3D convolutional neural networks to jointly optimize both synthesis and classification of 3D CT volumes. Extensive experiments on both in-house and external datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of our framework for the diagnosis with incomplete data compared with state-of-the-art baselines. In particular, cancer subtype classification using the completed CT data by our method achieves higher performance than the classification using the given incomplete data.
description: This article has been accepted for publication in IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics
Measuring the Integrated Sachs-Wolfe Effect
Creators: name: Dupe, F. -X.
name: Rassat, A.
name: Starck, J. -L.
name: Fadili, M. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of the main challenges of modern cosmology is to understand the nature of dark energy. The Integrated Sachs-Wolfe (ISW) effect is sensitive to dark energy and presents an independent signature of dark energy in the absence of modified gravity and curvature. The ISW effect occurs on large scales, where cosmic variance is high and where there are large amounts of missing data in the CMB and large scale structure maps due to Galactic confusion. Moreover, existing methods in the literature often make strong assumptions about the statistics of the underlying fields or estimators. Together these effects can severely limit signal extraction. We review literature on the ISW effect, comparing statistical subtleties between existing methods, and identifying several limitations. We propose a novel method to detect and measure the ISW signal. This method assumes only that the primordial CMB field is Gaussian. It is based on a sparse inpainting method to reconstruct missing data and uses a bootstrap technique to avoid assumptions about the statistics of the estimator. It is a complete method, using three complementary statistical methods. We apply our method to Euclid-like simulations and show we can expect a \sim 7σmodel-independent detection of the ISW signal with WMAP7-like data, even with missing data. Other tests return \sim 4.7σdetection levels for a Euclid-like survey, with levels independent from whether the galaxy field is normally or lognormally distributed. We apply our method to the 2 Micron All Sky Survey (2MASS) and WMAP7 CMB data and find detections in the 1.1 - 2.0σrange, as expected from simulations. As a by-product, we reconstruct the full-sky temperature ISW field due to 2MASS data. We have presented a novel technique, based on sparse inpainting and bootstrapping, which accurately detects and reconstructs the ISW effect.
description: Accepted for publication in AA. Added discussion and simulations for a Euclid-like survey
Ethics and healthcare artificial intelligence : some problems and solutions for advanced diagnostic systems
Creators: name: Wadden, Jordan Joseph
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2023

description: The use of artificial intelligence for diagnostic purposes is a significant topic of discussion in the present-day healthcare field. Developers working on this technology intend it to outperform human clinicians and therefore remove some of the burden from clinicians so that they can spend more time developing relationships of care with their patients. I focus on three ethical questions I believe should be answered prior to their widespread onboarding in healthcare systems. I first investigate what kind of artificial intelligence we ought to want for diagnostic systems in healthcare. I analyse three high-level categories of artificial intelligence: opaque black box systems, robustly transparent explainable systems, and semi-transparent grey box systems. I start by outlining the characteristics of these systems, culminating in the development of a novel definition for the black box problem. I then take this information and analyse each kind of high-level system. I defend the position that the best kind of systems for healthcare applications are grey boxes due to their customizability and semi-transparent nature. Second, I examine what obligations clinicians ought to have to their patients whenever they employ an artificial intelligence for diagnostics. I separate this chapter into three sets of obligations, one for each of the categories from chapter one, as a clinician may not always have the option to work exclusively with grey systems. By providing three lists, I ensure that clinicians have a minimum starting point regardless of what kind of system they employ. Finally, I address the implicitly articulated concerns surrounding whether the general push for more advanced AI in healthcare jeopardizes a patient’s ability to provide informed consent to a procedure or treatment plan. These concerns are raised nearly ubiquitously in the literature, yet to date no comprehensive analysis regarding the issue exists. I argue that the concerns over consent are actually due to a false dilemma in how we discuss the kinds of artificial intelligence in the literature. I then demonstrate how this false dilemma can be defeated through appeals to grey box systems and using human clinician secondary readers.
A New Metaheuristic Bat-Inspired Algorithm
Creators: name: Yang, Xin-She
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Metaheuristic algorithms such as particle swarm optimization, firefly algorithm and harmony search are now becoming powerful methods for solving many tough optimization problems. In this paper, we propose a new metaheuristic method, the Bat Algorithm, based on the echolocation behaviour of bats. We also intend to combine the advantages of existing algorithms into the new bat algorithm. After a detailed formulation and explanation of its implementation, we will then compare the proposed algorithm with other existing algorithms, including genetic algorithms and particle swarm optimization. Simulations show that the proposed algorithm seems much superior to other algorithms, and further studies are also discussed.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures
Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid 4 channel participates in mouse ventricular electrical activity - supplemental data Am J phy
Creators: name: Chaigne, Sebastien
name: Cardouat, Guillaume
name: Louradour, Julien
name: Vaillant, Fanny
name: Charron, Sabine
name: Sacher, Frederic
name: Ducret, Thomas
name: Guinamard, Romain
name: Vigmond, Edward
name: THomas Hof
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Supplemental data
 Figure S1 shows that trpv4+/+ homozygous mice only present a 750 bp band corresponding to the WT allele. On the other hand, trpv4-/- homozygous mice only present a 500 bp band corresponding to knockout allele (Figure S1A). These results validate the phenotype of trpv4-/- mice used in our experiments. Thus, we confirmed the absence of Trpv4 mRNA in trpv4-/- homozygous mice ventricles lysates, the little detection corresponding to unspecific amplification (Figure S1B).
 Supplemental figures legends:
 Figure S1: representative PCR genotyping result for trpv4+/+ and homozygous trpv4-/- mice (n=4). A: A band at 750 bp corresponds to the wild-type allele while a band at 500 bp corresponds to the KO allele. B: Levels of Trpv4 mRNA in ventricular lysates from trpv4+/+ and trpv4-/- mice (N=2 for each condition).
 Table S1: Electrocardiograms and action potential parameters in trpv4+/+ and trpv4-/- mouse/myocytes.
 Table S2: Potassium and L-type calcium currents parameters in trpv4+/+ and trpv4-/- myocytes.
 Table S3: Simulated action potential durations under TRPV4 modulation.
On a self-sustained process at large scale in the turbulent channel flow
Creators: name: Hwang, Yongyun
name: cossu, Carlo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Large-scale motions, important in turbulent shear flows, are frequently attributed to the interaction of structures at smaller scale. Here we show that, in a turbulent channel at Re_τ \approx 550, large-scale motions can self-sustain even when smaller-scale structures populating the near-wall and logarithmic regions are artificially quenched. This large-scale self-sustained mechanism is not active in periodic boxes of width smaller than Lz ~ 1.5h or length shorter than Lx ~ 3h which correspond well to the most energetic large scales observed in the turbulent channel.
Type II/F-theory Superpotentials with Several Deformations and N=1 Mirror Symmetry
Creators: name: Alim, Murad
name: Hecht, Michael
name: Jockers, Hans
name: Mayr, Peter
name: Mertens, Adrian
name: Soroush, Masoud
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a detailed study of D-brane superpotentials depending on several open and closed-string deformations. The relative cohomology group associated with the brane defines a generalized hypergeometric GKZ system which determines the off-shell superpotential and its analytic properties under deformation. Explicit expressions for the N=1 superpotential for families of type II/F-theory compactifications are obtained for a list of multi-parameter examples. Using the Hodge theoretic approach to open-string mirror symmetry, we obtain new predictions for integral disc invariants in the A model instanton expansion. We study the behavior of the brane vacua under extremal transitions between different Calabi-Yau spaces and observe that the web of Calabi-Yau vacua remains connected for a particular class of branes.
description: 62 pages; v2: typos corrected and references added
Valeurs de référence des IgE totales sériques par technique ELISA chez les Malgaches : mise au point au laboratoire d'immunologie CHU-JRA
Creators: name: Batavisoaniatsy Elodie Emile
Publisher: name: rmbc
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: immunoenzymatic
subject: madagascar
subject: Reference Values
subject: total igE

description: Valeurs de référence des IgE totales sériques par technique ELISA chez les Malgaches : mise au point au laboratoire d’immunologie CHU-JRA

Total IgE reference values by ELISA in Malagasy population: technical setup  at Immunology laboratory CHU-JRA

Revue Malgache de Biologie Clinique 2025 :(1)1 : 033-036

Auteurs : EE Batavisoaniatsy, AA Raherinaivo, SS Rafaramalala, H Ramandimby, RT Randriamahazo

Auteur correspondant : Batavisoaniatsy Elodie Emile (elodie.kwely@gmail.com)

Résumé

Introduction : La détermination des valeurs de référence d’une variable biologique est  essentielle au laboratoire. La présente étude vise à établir les valeurs de référence des IgE totales sériques à l’UPFR Immunologie du CHU JRA.

Matériels et méthodes : Une étude de mise au point technique sur 3 mois a fait appel à 88 individus apparemment sains vus à l’UPFR. Le dosage a été fait sur sérum par technique immunoenzymatique ELISA utilisant le kit NOVATEC® Immunodiagnostica GmBH. L’âge, le genre ainsi que le taux d’IgE sériques totales ont été analysés sur MS XLSTAT© 2013.

Résultats : Un total de 88 individus a été évalué avec  un sex-ratio de 1,04 et une prédominance des sujets de plus de 16 ans (n= 55/88). Le taux moyen (±écart-type) en UI/ml des IgE totales sériques a été respectivement de 61,93 (± 50,47) pour les 0 à 3 ans ; 105,93 (± 63,04) pour les 3 à 16 ans et 177,11 (± 67,37). Aucune différence statistiquement significative n’a été retrouvée selon le genre et les valeurs du fabricant (p=0,39).

Conclusion : Le taux des Ig E sériques totales augmente avec l’âge sans différence selon le genre.

Mots-clés : IgE totales - Immunoenzymatique - Madagascar - valeurs de référence

Abstract

Introduction : Establishing  biological parameter reference values  is essential in clinical biology. The study aims to establish reference values for  toal serum IgE at UPFR Immunologie, CHU JRA.

Materials and methods: A technical setup was conducted during 3 months  including  88 seeminglyealthy individuals seen at the UPFR. Assays were performed on sera with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using the NOVATEC® Immunodiagnostica GmBH kit. Age, gender and total serum IgE levels (UI/ml) were analyzed on MS XLSTAT© 2013.

Results: We evaluated a total of 88 individuals, with a sex-ratio of 1.04 and a predominance of subjects over 16 years of age (n= 55/88). Average rate of total IgE mean (± standard deviation)  in IU/ml were respectively 61.93 (± 50.47) for 0-3 year olds; 105.93 (± 63.04) for 3-16 year olds and 177.11 (± 67.37) . No statistically significant differences were found according to gender or manufacturer's values (p=0.39).

Conclusion: Serum total IgE levels increase with age, with no gender differences.

Key words:  Immunoenzymatic - Madagascar - reference values - Total IgE
Design and Performance of Rate-compatible Non-Binary LDPC Convolutional Codes
Creators: name: Uchikawa, Hironori
name: Kasai, Kenta
name: Sakaniwa, Kohichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we present a construction method of non-binary low-density parity-check (LDPC) convolutional codes. Our construction method is an extension of Felstroem and Zigangirov construction for non-binary LDPC convolutional codes. The rate-compatibility of the non-binary convolutional code is also discussed. The proposed rate-compatible code is designed from one single mother (2,4)-regular non-binary LDPC convolutional code of rate 1/2. Higher-rate codes are produced by puncturing the mother code and lower-rate codes are produced by multiplicatively repeating the mother code. Simulation results show that non-binary LDPC convolutional codes of rate 1/2 outperform state-of-the-art binary LDPC convolutional codes with comparable constraint bit length. Also the derived low-rate and high-rate non-binary LDPC convolutional codes exhibit good decoding performance without loss of large gap to the Shannon limits.
description: 8 pages, submitted to IEICE transaction
A Peculiar Family of Jupiter Trojans: the Eurybates
Creators: name: De Luise, F.
name: Dotto, E.
name: Fornasier, S.
name: Barucci, M. A.
name: Pinilla-Alonso, N.
name: Perna, D.
name: Marzari, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Eurybates family is a compact core inside the Menelaus clan, located in the L4 swarm of Jupiter Trojans. Fornasier et al. (2007) found that this family exhibits a peculiar abundance of spectrally flat objects, similar to Chiron-like Centaurs and C-type main belt asteroids. On the basis of the visible spectra available in literature, Eurybates family's members seemed to be good candidates for having on their surfaces water/water ice or aqueous altered materials. To improve our knowledge of the surface composition of this peculiar family, we carried out an observational campaign at the Telescopio Nazionale Galileo (TNG), obtaining near-infrared spectra of 7 members. Our data show a surprisingly absence of any spectral feature referable to the presence of water, ices or aqueous altered materials on the surface of the observed objects. Models of the surface composition are attempted, evidencing that amorphous carbon seems to dominate the surface composition of the observed bodies and some amount of silicates (olivine) could be present.
description: 23 pages, 2 figures, paper accepted for publication in Icarus
Aspects of the morphophonology of Dagaare
Creators: name: Angsongna, Alexander
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2023

description: Dagaare is a Mabia/Gur language spoken in northwestern Ghana and parts of Burkina Faso. The aim of this dissertation is to contribute to the understanding of morphophonological patterns such as vowel harmony, tone alternation, as well as aspectual and nominal inflection using theoretic models such as Optimality Theory and Minimalist Syntax. It also contributes to the overall description and documentation of Dagaare. In Dagaare, there are two main harmony systems – tongue root harmony involving all lexical categories and rounding harmony which generally involves only the imperfective form of the verb. Both harmony patterns are root-controlled with tongue root harmony being bidirectional while rounding harmony is only progressive, spreading rightward. I account for both harmony patterns based on the interaction of markedness and faithfulness constraints within Optimality Theory, arguing that harmony is driven by theoretic constraints such as [SPREAD]. Tone in Dagaare is analysed in simple nouns and verbs as well as in complex cases including compounds, and associative phrases. Default verb forms are shown to involve spreading while imperfective forms always have a suffix tone opposite to that of the root. Nouns are analysed as involving two mechanisms where one involves tone spreading from the suffix to the root and another involves the insertion of a polar tone on the suffix. With inflectional morphology, I examined verbal and nominal inflection involving aspectual and number marking. I presented a discussion of the default vs. imperfective contrast in verb forms as well as number marking on nouns and nominal modifiers. For the verbs, evidence is shown that the contrast that has been described as perfective vs. imperfective actually involves default vs. imperfective. The final vowel of the default verb is analysed as inherently meaningless while the imperfective suffix always has a dedicated progressive meaning. For nominal inflection, nouns are categorized into classes based on similarity of the singular suffix and that of the plural suffix. Nominal inflection is shown to result from phonological processes such as harmony, vowel length; morphosyntactic processes such as derivation and semantic factors like individuation while verbal inflection is a result of morphological, phonological and syntactic properties.
Tubing material considerably affects measurement delays of gas-phase oxygenated per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances
Creators: name: Mattila, James M.
name: Li, Emily Y.
name: Offenberg, John H.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Plant Biology

description: Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are persistent environmental pollutants associated with negative health impacts. Assessments of tubing-related measurement bias for volatile PFAS are lacking, as gas-wall interactions with tubing can delay quantification of gas-phase analytes. We use online iodide chemical ionization mass spectrometry measurements to characterize tubing delays for three gas-phase oxygenated PFAS − 4:2 fluorotelomer alcohol (4:2 FTOH), perfluorobutanoic acid (PFBA), and hexafluoropropylene oxide dimer acid (HFPO-DA). Perfluoroalkoxy alkane and high-density polyethylene tubing yielded relatively short absorptive measurement delays, with no clear dependence on tubing temperature or sampled humidity. Sampling through stainless steel tubing led to prolonged measurement delays due to reversible adsorption of PFAS to the tubing surface, with strong dependence on tubing temperature and sample humidification. Silcosteel tubing afforded shorter measurement delays than stainless steel due to diminished surface adsorption of PFAS. Characterizing and mitigating these tubing delays is crucial for reliable quantification of airborne PFAS. Implications: Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are persistent environmental contaminants. Many PFAS are sufficiently volatile to exist as airborne pollutants. Measurements and quantification of airborne PFAS can be biased from material-dependent gas-wall interactions with sampling inlet tubing. Thus, characterizing these gas-wall interactions are crucial for reliably investigating emissions, environmental transport, and fates of airborne PFAS.
Inhomogeneous Kibble-Zurek mechanism: vortex nucleation during Bose-Einstein condensation
Creators: name: del Campo, A.
name: Retzker, A.
name: Plenio, M. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Kibble-Zurek mechanism is applied to the spontaneous formation of vortices in a harmonically trapped thermal gas following a temperature quench through the critical value for Bose-Einstein condensation. While in the homogeneous scenario vortex nucleation is always expected, we show that it can be completely suppressed in the presence of the confinement potential, whenever the speed of the spatial front undergoing condensation is lower than a threshold velocity. Otherwise, the interplay between the geometry and causality leads to different scaling laws for the density of vortices as a function of the quench rate, as we also illustrate for the case of a toroidal trapping potential.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures
Self-Similar Solutions of Triaxial Dark Matter Halos
Creators: name: Lithwick, Yoram
name: Dalal, Neal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the collapse and internal structure of dark matter halos. We consider halo formation from initially scale-free perturbations, for which gravitational collapse is self-similar. Fillmore and Goldreich (1984) and Bertschinger (1985) solved the one dimensional (i.e. spherically symmetric) case. We generalize their results by formulating the three dimensional self-similar equations. We solve the equations numerically and analyze the similarity solutions in detail, focusing on the internal density profiles of the collapsed halos. By decomposing the total density into subprofiles of particles that collapse coevally, we identify two effects as the main determinants of the internal density structure of halos: adiabatic contraction and the shape of a subprofile shortly after collapse; the latter largely reflects the triaxiality of the subprofile. We develop a simple model that describes the results of our 3D simulations. In a companion paper, we apply this model to more realistic cosmological fluctuations, and thereby explain the origin of the nearly universal (NFW-like) density profiles found in N-body simulations.
description: corresponds to version published in ApJ
Additional file 1 of Uptight responses between clenching and forearm raising with factors of visual feedback and maintenance effort in healthy young women: An experimental study on factorial design
Creators: name: Zhou, Lijuan
name: Li, Baoyong
name: Zheng, Xianyu
name: Guo, Shaoxiong
name: Zhang, Yuan
name: Chen, Changsheng
name: Wang, Kelun
name: Wang, Meiqing
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Visual Analogue Scale.
Quark-gluon correlation functions relevant to single transverse spin asymmetries
Creators: name: Kang, Zhong-Bo
name: Qiu, Jian-Wei
name: Zhang, Hong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the relative size of various twist-3 quark-gluon correlation functions relevant to single transverse spin asymmetries (SSAs) in a quark-diquark model of the nucleon. We calculate the quark-gluon correlation function $T_{q,F}(x, x)$ that is responsible for the gluonic pole contribution to the SSAs, as well as $T_{q,F}(0, x)$ and $T_{Δ{q}, F}(0, x)$ responsible for the fermionic pole contributions. We find in both cases of a scalar diquark and an axial-vector diquark that at the first nontrivial order only the $\tq(x, x)$ is finite while all other quark-gluon correlation functions vanish. Using the same model, we evaluate quark Sivers function and discuss its relation to the $\tq(x, x)$. We also discuss the implication of our finding to the phenomenological studies of the SSAs.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures
Designing Heterostructures with Higher Temperature Superconductivity
Creators: name: Hur, Karyn Le
name: Chung, Chung-Hou
name: Paul, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose to increase the superconducting transition temperature Tc of strongly correlated materials by designing heterostructures which exhibit a high pairing energy as a result of magnetic fluctuations. More precisely, applying an effective theory of the doped Mott insulator, we envisage a bilayer Hubbard system where both layers exhibit prominent intralayer (intraband) d-wave superconducting correlations. Introducing a finite asymmetry between the hole densities of the two layers such that one layer becomes slightly more underdoped and the other more overdoped, we evidence a visible enhancement of Tc compared to the optimally doped isolated layer. Using the bonding and antibonding band basis, we show that the mechanism behind this enhancement of Tc is the interband pairing correlation mediated by the hole asymmetry which strives to decrease the paramagnetic nodal contribution to the superfluid stiffness. For two identical layers, Tc remains comparable to that of the isolated layer until moderate values of the interlayer single-particle tunneling term. These heterostructures shed new light on fundamental questions related to superconductivity.
description: Final Version, to be published in Phys. Rev. B
Optical Measurement of Airborne Particles on Unmanned Aircraft
Creators: name: Girdwood, J
Publisher: name: UH Research Archive
Year: 2023
Subjects: OPC
UCASS
UAV
SUA
OPC-N2
OPC-N3
OPC-N4
RCASS
UCASS-V2
SuperSonde
UH-AeroSAM
FMI-Talon

description: Aerosols and clouds are persistent causes of uncertainty in climate and weather models, which is due to their heterogeneous suspension and occurrence within the atmosphere, and complex interactions which are chaotic and exist on small scales. Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have grown in popularity, and are becoming more commonly used for general atmospheric measurement, particularly measurement of aerosols and clouds. This thesis presents and evaluates a synergy between two UAVs, a multi-rotor: the UH-AeroSAM octocopter and a fixed-wing: the FMI-Talon, and an optical particle instrument: the Universal Cloud and Aerosol Sounding System. Computational fluid dynamics with Lagrangian particle tracking (CFD-LPT) was used as a tool for the characterisation of the velocity fields and particle trajectories around both UAVs. In both instances CFD-LPT was used to develop an operational envelope, with particular attention to angle of attack constraints and size distribution perturbation, for the UAV – instrument synergy. UCASS was the first open path instrument to be used on a UAV, and a good case has been made for its continued use, particularly on fixed-wing UAVs, which exhibit less complex aerodynamics and superior stability in the induced sampling airflow through the instrument.
Time domain study of frequency-power correlation in spin-torque oscillators
Creators: name: Finocchio, G.
name: Siracusano, G.
name: Tiberkevich, V.
name: Krivorotov, I. N.
name: Torres, L.
name: Azzerboni, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper describes a numerical experiment, based on full micromagnetic simulations of current-driven magnetization dynamics in nanoscale spin valves, to identify the origins of spectral linewidth broadening in spin torque oscillators. Our numerical results show two qualitatively different regimes of magnetization dynamics at zero temperature: regular (single-mode precessional dynamics) and chaotic. In the regular regime, the dependence of the oscillator integrated power on frequency is linear, and consequently the dynamics is well described by the analytical theory of current-driven magnetization dynamics for moderate amplitudes of oscillations. We observe that for higher oscillator amplitudes, the functional dependence of the oscillator integrated power as a function of frequency is not a single-valued function and can be described numerically via introduction of nonlinear oscillator power. For a range of currents in the regular regime, the oscillator spectral linewidth is a linear function of temperature. In the chaotic regime found at large current values, the linewidth is not described by the analytical theory. In this regime we observe the oscillator linewidth broadening, which originates from sudden jumps of frequency of the oscillator arising from random domain wall nucleation and propagation through the sample. This intermittent behavior is revealed through a wavelet analysis that gives superior description of the frequency jumps compared to several other techniques.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures to appear in PRB
Spin-glass transition in bond-disordered Heisenberg antiferromagnets coupled with local lattice distortions on a pyrochlore lattice
Creators: name: Shinaoka, Hiroshi
name: Tomita, Yusuke
name: Motome, Yukitoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by puzzling characteristics of spin-glass transitions widely observed in pyrochlore-based frustrated materials, we investigate effects of coupling to local lattice distortions in a bond-disordered antiferromagnet on the pyrochlore lattice by extensive Monte Carlo simulations. We show that the spin-glass transition temperature $\TSG$ is largely enhanced by the spin-lattice coupling, and furthermore, becomes almost independent of $Δ$ in a wide range of the disorder strength $Δ$. The critical property of the spin glass transition is indistinguishable from that of the canonical Heisenberg spin glass in the entire range of $Δ$. These peculiar behaviors are ascribed to a modification of the degenerate manifold from continuous to semidiscrete one by the spin-lattice coupling.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, major revisions, accepted for publication in PRL
Nonlocal Handbury-Brown Twiss Interferometry & Entanglement Generation from Majorana Bound States
Creators: name: Bose, Sougato
name: Sodano, Pasquale
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that a one dimensional device supporting a pair of Majorana bound states at its ends can produce remarkable Hanbury-Brown Twiss like interference effects between well separated Dirac fermions of pertinent energies. We find that the simultaneous scattering of two incoming electrons or two incoming holes from the Majorana bound states leads exclusively to an electron-hole final state. This "anti-bunching" in electron-hole internal pseudospin space can be detected through current-current correlations. Further, we show that, by scattering appropriate spin polarized electrons from the Majorana bound states, one can engineer a non-local entangler of electronic spins for quantum information applications. Both the above phenomena should be observable in diverse physical systems enabling to detect the presence of low energy Majorana modes.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure
Antifibrotische Effekte verschiedener Vitamin D-Derivate auf murine pankreatische Sternzellen
Creators: name: Wallbaum, Peter
Publisher: name: Universität Rostock
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences Medicine

description: Die chronische Pankreatitis und das Pankreaskarzinom führen zu einer massiven Bindegewebsreaktion (Fibrose) des Pankreas, die vor allem durch die Aktivierung pankreatischer Sternzellen (PSZ) hervorgerufen wird. Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit wurde der Einfluss verschiedener Vitamin D-Derivate auf PSZ von Mäusen untersucht. Dabei konnte herausgearbeitet werden, dass die eingesetzten D-Vitamine die Aktivierung der PSZ, in Abhängigkeit deren Aktivierungszustandes, beeinflussen und somit der Ausprägung einer Pankreasfibrose entgegenwirken können.
Properties of the nearest integer continued fraction expansions
Creators: name: Lascu, Dan
name: Cirlig, George
name: Coltescu, Ion
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11A55, 11K50

description: The nearest integer continued fraction of a real number $x$ from $[-1/2, 1/2)$ is defined. Some metrical properties of these expansions are presented. We define the approximation coefficients and give an important result on them. The main result consists in obtaining a stationary state for the transformation $τ_{1/2}$ which is absolutely continuous with respect to the Lebesgue measure.
description: This paper has been withdrawn
Flavour-Condensate-induced Breaking of Supersymmetry in Free Wess-Zumino Fluids
Creators: name: Mavromatos, Nick E.
name: Sarkar, Sarben
name: Tarantino, Walter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently we argued that a particular model of string-inspired quantum space-time foam (D-foam) may induce oscillations and mixing among flavoured particles. As a result, rather than the mass-eigenstate vacuum, the correct ground state to describe the underlying dynamics is the flavour vacuum, proposed some time ago by Blasone and Vitiello as a description of quantum field theories with mixing. At the microscopic level, the breaking of target-space supersymmetry is induced in our space-time foam model by the relative transverse motion of brane defects. Motivated by these results, we show that the flavour vacuum, introduced through an inequivalent representation of the canonical (anti-) commutation relations, provides a vehicle for the breaking of supersymmetry (SUSY) at a low-energy effective field theory level; on considering the flavour-vacuum expectation value of the energy-momentum tensor and comparing with the form of a perfect relativistic fluid, it is found that the bosonic sector contributes as dark energy while the fermion contribution is like dust. This indicates a strong and novel breaking of SUSY, of a non-perturbative nature, which may characterize the low energy field theory of certain quantum gravity models.
description: Discussion added in sections II and IV on quantum-gravity induced flavour mixing, references added, conclusions unchanged
Multivariate discrimination and the Higgs + W/Z search
Creators: name: Black, Kevin
name: Gallicchio, Jason
name: Huth, John
name: Kagan, Michael
name: Schwartz, Matthew D.
name: Tweedie, Brock
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A systematic method for optimizing multivariate discriminants is developed and applied to the important example of a light Higgs boson search at the Tevatron and the LHC. The Significance Improvement Characteristic (SIC), defined as the signal efficiency of a cut or multivariate discriminant divided by the square root of the background efficiency, is shown to be an extremely powerful visualization tool. SIC curves demonstrate numerical instabilities in the multivariate discriminants, show convergence as the number of variables is increased, and display the sensitivity to the optimal cut values. For our application, we concentrate on Higgs boson production in association with a W or Z boson with H -> bb and compare to the irreducible standard model background, Z/W + bb. We explore thousands of experimentally motivated, physically motivated, and unmotivated single variable discriminants. Along with the standard kinematic variables, a number of new ones, such as twist, are described which should have applicability to many processes. We find that some single variables, such as the pull angle, are weak discriminants, but when combined with others they provide important marginal improvement. We also find that multiple Higgs boson-candidate mass measures, such as from mild and aggressively trimmed jets, when combined may provide additional discriminating power. Comparing the significance improvement from our variables to those used in recent CDF and DZero searches, we find that a 10-20% improvement in significance against Z/W + bb is possible. Our analysis also suggests that the H + W/Z channel with H -> bb is also viable at the LHC, without requiring a hard cut on the W/Z transverse momentum.
description: 41 pages, 5 tables, 29 figures
Reexamination of determinant-based separability test for two qubits
Creators: name: Demianowicz, Maciej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It was shown in [Augusiak et al.,\;Phys. Rev. A \textbf{77}, 030301(R) (2008)] that discrimination between entanglement and separability in a two qubit state can be achieved by a measurement of a single observable on four copies of it. Moreover, a pseudo entanglement monotone $π$ was proposed to quantify entanglement in such states. The main goal of the present paper is to show that close relationship between $π$ and concurrence reported there is a result of sharing the same underlying construction of a spin flipped matrix. We also show that monogamy of entanglement can be rephrased in terms of $π$ and prove the factorization law for $π$.
description: improved v3, journal ref. added
An empirical analysis of the determinants of network construction for Azul Airlines
Creators: name: Oliveira, B. F.
name: Oliveira, A. V. M
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Economics (econ.GN)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This paper describes an econometric model of the Brazilian domestic carrier Azul Airlines' network construction. We employed a discrete-choice framework of airline route entry to examine the effects of the merger of another regional carrier, Trip Airlines, with Azul in 2012, especially on its entry decisions. We contrasted the estimated entry determinants before and after the merger with the benchmarks of the US carriers JetBlue Airways and Southwest Airlines obtained from the literature, and proposed a methodology for comparing different airline entry patterns by utilizing the kappa statistic for interrater agreement. Our empirical results indicate a statistically significant agreement between raters of Azul and JetBlue, but not Southwest, and only for entries on previously existing routes during the pre-merger period. The results suggest that post-merger, Azul has adopted a more idiosyncratic entry pattern, focusing on the regional flights segment to conquer many monopoly positions across the country, and strengthening its profitability without compromising its distinguished expansion pace in the industry.
Effective inhomogeneous inflation: curvature inhomogeneities of the Einstein vacuum
Creators: name: Buchert, Thomas
name: Obadia, Nathaniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider spatially averaged inhomogeneous universe models and argue that, already in the absence of sources, an effective scalar field arises through foliating and spatially averaging inhomogeneous geometrical curvature invariants of the Einstein vacuum. This scalar field (the `morphon') acts as an inflaton, if we prescribe a potential of some generic form. We show that, for any initially negative average spatial curvature, the morphon is driven through an inflationary phase and leads - on average - to a spatially flat, homogeneous and isotropic universe model, providing initial conditions for pre-heating and, by the same mechanism, a possibly natural self-exit.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures, to appear in Class. Quant. Grav. as Fast Track Communication
title: Parallel Real Time RRT*
title: An RRT* Based Path Planning Process
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Yackzan, David
Publisher: name: University of Kentucky Libraries
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 2.3
subject: FOS: Mechanical engineering

description: This thesis presents a new parallelized real-time path planning process. This process is an extension of the Real-Time Rapidly Exploring Random Trees* (RT-RRT*) algorithm developed by Naderi et al in 2015 [1]. The RT-RRT* algorithm was demonstrated on a simulated two-dimensional dynamic environment while finding paths to a varying target state. We demonstrate that the original algorithm is incapable of running at a sufficient rate for control of a 7-degree-of-freedom (7-DoF) robotic arm while maintaining a path planning tree in 7 dimensions. This limitation is due to the complexity of maintaining a tree in a high-dimensional space and the network frequency requirements of the control signal for a real robotic system.

We develop and implement a parallelized version of RT-RRT*, dubbed Parallel RT-RRT* (PRT-RRT*), that can update motion plans in a dynamic environment while sending control signals at a high frequency. To achieve this, PRT-RRT* establishes a method of efficient communication between separate collision detection, path planning, and control nodes. We show that PRT-RRT* is capable of solving the dynamic path-planning problem on the 7D Franka Emika Panda robotic arm.
description: © 2023 David Yackzan
Investigation of HMA derivatives as small molecule inhibitors of viroporins
Creators: name: Jalily Hasani, Pouria
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2023

description: Seasonal and pandemic viral infections continue to pose severe challenges to human health. Antivirals that can effectually complement current vaccination strategies are vital in the battle against drug-resistant pandemic viral strains. Many viruses express small, predominantly hydrophobic and multi-functional proteins that can assemble into oligomeric ion channels capable of passing ions, called viroporins. These small proteins have historically been effective antiviral targets for drugs like amantadine that effectively inhibit the wild-type M2 ion channel of Influenza A. However, drug resistance has rendered adamantane-based antivirals ineffective against circulating strains of influenza A. Similarly, various studies have reported that hexamethylene amiloride (HMA), a previously used diuretic, is also capable of inhibiting the ion channel activity of influenza A M2 and SARS-CoV-1 and 2 Envelope (E) proteins. This dissertation elaborates on the functional properties of a panel of in-house designed and synthesized HMA derivatives and evaluates the activity of these amiloride-derived compounds against known viroporins of influenza A and SARS-CoV-2 through an iterative approach, employing synthetic organic chemistry, electrophysiological measurements and computational techniques and quantification of anti-viral activity through in vitro viral assays. Through studying the structure activity relationship of this chemical class, we report compounds that effectively inhibit the wild-type and adamantane-resistant forms of influenza A M2 ion channel. We found that tert-butyl 4'-(carbamimidoylcarbamoyl)-2',3-dinitro-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-carboxylate exhibits dual inhibitory effect against both adamantane-sensitive as well as S31N mutant influenza A M2. This compound has an inhibitory effect against the replication of influenza viruses encoding wild-type M2 and M2(S31N) in vitro. Furthermore, by utilizing in silico techniques such as molecular modelling, docking simulations, molecular dynamics, and steered molecular dynamic, we report that these HMA derivatives are able to bind and effectively block the lumen of SARS-CoV-2 E protein with higher affinity as compared to HMA. Whilst, more work is still needed to utilize these HMA derivatives as therapeutic options, the findings presented in this thesis highlight the potential of amiloride-derived compounds as antivirals against drug-resistant strains of influenza A and important drug leads for the design and further development of inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 E protein.
Supplementary document for Real-time phase imaging with self-supervised learning and equivariance - 6361517.pdf
Creators: name: Wang, Yuheng
name: Wang, Huiyang
name: Zhou, Chengxin
name: xianxin, han
name: Liu, Shengde
name: Lu, Xiaoxu
name: Di, Jianglei
name: zhong, Liyun
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Comparative results of ablation studies.
Determining topological order from a local ground state correlation function
Creators: name: Ringel, Zohar
name: Kraus, Yaacov E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Topological insulators are physically distinguishable from normal insulators only near edges and defects, while in the bulk there is no clear signature to their topological order. In this work we show that the Z index of topological insulators and the Z index of the integer quantum Hall effect manifest themselves locally. We do so by providing an algorithm for determining these indices from a local equal time ground-state correlation function at any convenient boundary conditions. Our procedure is unaffected by the presence of disorder and can be naturally generalized to include weak interactions. The locality of these topological indices implies bulk-edge correspondence theorem.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures. Major changes: the paper was divided into sections, the locality of the order in 3D topological insulators is also discussed