cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
DESI luminous red galaxy samples for cross-correlations
Creators: name: Zhou, Rongpu
name: Ferraro, Simone
name: White, Martin
name: DeRose, Joseph
name: Sailer, Noah
name: Aguilar, Jessica
name: Ahlen, Steven
name: Bailey, Stephen
name: Brooks, David
name: Claybaugh, Todd
name: Dawson, Kyle
name: de la Macorra, Axel
name: Dey, Biprateep
name: Doel, Peter
name: Font-Ribera, Andreu
name: Forero-Romero, Jaime E.
name: Gontcho, Satya Gontcho A
name: Guy, Julien
name: Kremin, Anthony
name: Lambert, Andrew
name: Guillou, Laurent Le
name: Levi, Michael
name: Magneville, Christophe
name: Manera, Marc
name: Meisner, Aaron
name: Miquel, Ramon
name: Moustakas, John
name: Myers, Adam D.
name: Newman, Jeffrey A.
name: Nie, Jundan
name: Percival, Will
name: Rezaie, Mehdi
name: Rossi, Graziano
name: Sanchez, Eusebio
name: Schlegel, David
name: Schubnell, Michael
name: Seo, Hee-Jong
name: Tarlé, Gregory
name: Zhou, Zhimin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present two galaxy samples, selected from DESI Legacy Imaging Surveys (LS) DR9, with approximately 20,000 square degrees of coverage and spectroscopic redshift distributions designed for cross-correlations such as with CMB lensing, galaxy lensing, and the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect. The first sample is identical to the DESI Luminous Red Galaxy (LRG) sample, and the second sample is an extended LRG sample with 2-3 times the DESI LRG density. We present the improved photometric redshifts, tomographic binning and their spectroscopic redshift distributions and imaging systematics weights, and magnification bias coefficients. The catalogs and related data products will be made publicly available. The cosmological constraints using this sample and Planck lensing maps are presented in a companion paper. We also make public the new set of general-purpose photometric redshifts trained using DESI spectroscopic redshifts, which are used in this work, for all galaxies in LS DR9.
description: Matches the journal version. Associated data files: https://data.desi.lbl.gov/public/papers/c3/lrg_xcorr_2023/. General-purpose photo-z catalogs: https://www.legacysurvey.org/dr9/files/#photo-z-sweeps-9-1-photo-z-sweep-brickmin-brickmax-pz-fits
Thomas-Fermi approximation to pairing in finite Fermi systems. The weak coupling regime
Creators: name: Viñas, X.
name: Schuck, P.
name: Farine, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new semiclassical theory for describing pairing in finite Fermi systems. It is based on taking the $\hbar \to 0$, i.e. Thomas-Fermi, limit of the gap equation written in the basis of the mean field (weak coupling). In addition to the position dependence of the Fermi momentum, the size dependence of the pairing force is also taken into account in this theory. Along isotopic chains the Thomas-Fermi gaps average the well known arch structure shown by the quantal gaps. This structure can be almost recovered in our formalism if some shell fluctuations are included in the level density. We point out that at the drip line nuclear pairing is strongly reduced. This fact is illustrated with the behavior of the gap in the inner crust of neutron stars.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures, Many Body Conference 2011(Paris)
Particle dispersion and clustering in surface ocean turbulence with ageostrophic dynamics
Creators: name: Maalouly, Michael
name: Lapeyre, Guillaume
name: Cozian, Bastien
name: Mompean, Gilmar
name: Berti, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Upper-ocean turbulent flows at horizontal length scales smaller than the deformation radius depart from geostrophic equilibrium and develop important vertical velocities, which are key to marine ecology and climatic processes. Due to their small size and fast temporal evolution, these fine scales are difficult to measure during oceanographic campaigns. Instruments such as Lagrangian drifters have provided another way to characterize these scales through the analysis of pair-dispersion evolution, and have pointed out striking particle convergence events. By means of numerical simulations, we investigate such processes in a model of surface-ocean turbulence that includes ageostrophic motions. This model originates from a Rossby-number expansion of the primitive equations and reduces to the surface quasi-geostrophic model, a paradigm of submesoscale dynamics, in the limit of vanishing Rossby number. We focus on the effect of the ageostrophic dynamics on the pair-dispersion and clustering properties of Lagrangian tracer particles at the ocean surface. Our results indicate that while over long times the pair separation process is barely affected by the ageostrophic component of the velocity field, the latter is responsible for the formation of temporary particle aggregates, and the intensity of this phenomenon increases with the Rossby number. We further show that Lagrangian tracers preferentially accumulate in cyclonic frontal regions, which is in agreement with observations and other more realistic modeling studies. These findings appear interesting to improve the understanding of the turbulent transport by ocean fine scales, and in light of upcoming, new high-resolution satellite data of surface velocity fields.
description: 12 pages, 10 figures
Continuum Limit of gl(M/N) Spin Chains
Creators: name: Candu, Constantin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the spectrum of an integrable antiferromagnetic Hamiltonian of the gl(M|N) spin chain of alternating fundamental and dual representations. After extensive numerical analysis, we identify the vacuum and low lying excitations and with this knowledge perform the continuum limit, while keeping a finite gap. All gl(n+N|N) spin chains with n,N>0 are shown to possess in the continuum limit 2n-2 multiplets of massive particles which scatter with gl(n) Gross-Neveu like S-matrices, namely their eigenvalues do not depend on N. We argue that the continuum theory is the gl(M|N) Gross-Neveu model. We then look for remaining particles in the gl(2m|1) chains. The results suggest there is a continuum of such particles, which in order to be fully understood require finite volume calculations.
Specimens from Schärer et al. 2011, "Mating behavior and the evolution of sperm design"
Creators: name: Schärer, Lukas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Macrostomum
Free-living flatworm

description: The deposited folders contain image and video material of free-living flatworm specimens that were documented in vivo. These data support the following publication:

Schärer, L., D. T. J. Littlewood, A. Waeschenbach, W. Yoshida, and D. B. Vizoso. 2011. Mating behaviour and the evolution of sperm design. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 108:1490-1495.

For more information about these specimens see also http://macrostomorpha.info.
description: {"references": ["Sch\u00e4rer, L., D. T. J. Littlewood, A. Waeschenbach, W. Yoshida, and D. B. Vizoso. 2011. Mating behaviour and the evolution of sperm design. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 108:1490-1495."]}
Particle Acceleration in Relativistic Magnetized Collisionless Electron-Ion Shocks
Creators: name: Sironi, Lorenzo
name: Spitkovsky, Anatoly
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate shock structure and particle acceleration in relativistic magnetized collisionless electron-ion shocks by means of 2.5D particle-in-cell simulations with ion-to-electron mass ratios (m_i/m_e) ranging from 16 to 1000. We explore a range of inclination angles between the pre-shock magnetic field and the shock normal. In "subluminal" shocks, where relativistic particles can escape ahead of the shock along the magnetic field lines, ions are efficiently accelerated via a Fermi-like mechanism. The downstream ion spectrum consists of a relativistic Maxwellian and a high-energy power-law tail, which contains ~5% of ions and ~30% of ion energy. Its slope is -2.1. Upstream electrons enter the shock with lower energy than ions, so they are more strongly tied to the field. As a result, only ~1% of the incoming electrons are Fermi-accelerated at the shock before being advected downstream, where they populate a steep power-law tail (with slope -3.5). For "superluminal" shocks, where relativistic particles cannot outrun the shock along the field, the self-generated turbulence is not strong enough to permit efficient Fermi acceleration, and the ion and electron downstream spectra are consistent with thermal distributions. The incoming electrons are heated up to equipartition with ions, due to strong electromagnetic waves emitted by the shock into the upstream. Thus, efficient electron heating (>15% of the upstream ion energy) is the universal property of relativistic electron-ion shocks, but significant nonthermal acceleration of electrons (>2% by number, >10% by energy, with slope flatter than -2.5) is hard to achieve in magnetized flows and requires weakly magnetized shocks (magnetization <1e-3). These findings place important constraints on the models of AGN jets and Gamma Ray Bursts that invoke particle acceleration in relativistic magnetized electron-ion shocks.
description: 24 pages, 20 figures, submitted to ApJ
Exploring the thermodynamics of a two-dimensional Bose gas
Creators: name: Yefsah, Tarik
name: Desbuquois, Rémi
name: Chomaz, Lauriane
name: Günter, Kenneth J.
name: Dalibard, Jean
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using \emph{in situ} measurements on a quasi two-dimensional, harmonically trapped $^{87}$Rb gas, we infer various equations of state for the equivalent homogeneous fluid. From the dependence of the total atom number and the central density of our clouds with the chemical potential and temperature, we obtain the equations of state for the pressure and the phase-space density. Then using the approximate scale invariance of this two-dimensional system, we determine the entropy per particle. We measure values as low as $0.06\,\kB$ in the strongly degenerate regime, which shows that a 2D Bose gas can constitute an efficient coolant for other quantum fluids. We also explain how to disentangle the various contributions (kinetic, potential, interaction) to the energy of the trapped gas using a time-of-flight method, from which we infer the reduction of density fluctuations in a non fully coherent cloud.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
The Hirota τ-function and well-posedness of the KdV equation with an arbitrary step like initial profile decaying on the right half line
Creators: name: Rybkin, Alexei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37K15, 37K10, 37K40

description: We are concerned with the Cauchy problem for the KdV equation on the whole line with an initial profile V_0 which is decaying sufficiently fast at +\infty and arbitrarily enough (i.e., no decay or pattern of behavior) at -\infty. We show that this system is completely integrable in a very strong sense. Namely, the solution V(x,t) admits the Hirota τ-function representation V(x,t)=-2\partial_{x}^2 logdet(I+M_{x,t}) where M_{x,t} is a Hankel integral operator constucted from certain scattering and spectral data suitably defined in terms of the Titchmarsh-Weyl m-functions associated with the two half-line Schrödinger operators corresponding to V_0. We show that V(x,t) is real meromorphic with respect to x for any t>0. We also show that under a very mild additional condition on V_0 representation implies a strong well-posedness of the KdV equation with such V_0's. Among others, our approach yields some relevant results due to Cohen, Kappeler, Khruslov, Kotlyarov, Venakides, Zhang and others.
description: 42 pages, 2 figures
Optimal non-gaussian Dvoretzky-Milman embeddings
Creators: name: Bartl, Daniel
name: Mendelson, Shahar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We construct the first non-gaussian ensemble that yields the optimal estimate in the Dvoretzky-Milman Theorem: the ensemble exhibits almost Euclidean sections in arbitrary normed spaces of the same dimension as the gaussian embedding -- despite being very far from gaussian (in fact, it happens to be heavy-tailed).
description: This is part two of the paper "Structure preservation via the Wasserstein distance" (arXiv:2209.07058v1) which was split into two parts
Decentralization, social capital, and capability in environmental management : case study of Tambon Maeta, Chiang Mai, Thailand
Creators: name: Petkanjanapong, Poome
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: This research uses social capital concepts to study changes of capability in environmental self-management in Tambon Maeta, Chiang Mai, Thailand, after decentralization. From the macro perspective, this research found that the Maeta social network’s structure was much changed by decentralization, with noticeably greater social capital and capability in environmental management evident following the transition. Decentralization extended the size of the network, increased diversity in the population of Maeta network members, and expanded the number of political resources held by people in the network. In turn, this reshaping of the social network generated greater embedded resources, which are a determinate of social capital. This study found that, at the relational level, people in Tambon Maeta use social linkages as a main channel for resource exchange, both between organizations and between local government and local people. Local organizations’ and local governments’ capabilities in environmental management stem partly from the social capital of their respective leaders, such that their access to embedded resources in the Tambon Maeta social network is determined by the strength of ties between these leaders. The stronger the linkages, the greater the ability of local organizations to receive and share resources. For individuals, ordinary people who have stronger ties with local government officers can receive superior information more promptly, which affects their capability in environmental use and supervision. The results of this research demonstrate that decentralization can promote rural people’s capability in environmental self-management even when a central government has not directly transferred authority over environmental regulations to local governments. In addition, building strong relationships with local environmental groups can increase a local government’s capability in environmental management.
The stable phases of the Cs2CuCl4-xBrx mixed systems
Creators: name: Krüger, N.
name: Belz, S.
name: Schossau, F.
name: Haghighirad, A. A.
name: Cong, P. T.
name: Wolf, B.
name: Gottlieb-Schoenmeyer, S.
name: Ritter, F.
name: Assmus, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Starting from Cs2CuCl4 and Cs2CuBr4 our project focuses on the growth of the Cs2CuCl4-xBrx mixed crystals from aqueous solution and the investigation of the occurring structural variations. The well known orthorhombic structure (space group Pnma) of the end members of this system is interrupted within the intermediate composition range Cs2CuCl3Br1 - Cs2CuCl2Br2, if the growth takes place at room temperature. Within this range a new tetragonal phase is found (space group I4/mmm). However, in case the growth temperature will be increased to 50 °C, the existence of the orthorhombic structure can be extended over the whole Cs2CuCl4-xBrx mixed system. A detailed analysis of the composition dependence of the lattice parameters is used to draw conclusions on the incorporation of Cl- and Br-ions at different sites which is important for the magnetic interactions between the Cu-ions.
description: 16 pages,8 figures
Hidden U(N) Symmetry behind N=1 Superamplitudes
Creators: name: Delgado, Antonio
name: Martin, Adam
name: Wang, Runqing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we develop a Young diagram approach to constructing higher dimensional operators formed from massless superfields and their superderivatives in $\mathcal{N}=1$ supersymmetry. These operators are in one-to-one correspondence with non-factorizable terms in on-shell superamplitudes, which can be studied with massless spinor helicity techniques. By relating all spin-helicity variables to certain representations under a hidden $U(N)$ symmetry behind the theory, we show each non-factorizable superamplitude can be identified with a specific Young tableau. The desired tableau is picked out of a more general set of $U(N)$ tensor products by enforcing the supersymmetric Ward identities. We then relate these Young tableaux to higher dimensional superfield operators and list the rules to read operators directly from Young tableau. Using this method, we present several illustrative examples.
description: 29 pages, 10 figures
A correlation between host star activity and planet mass for close-in extrasolar planets?
Creators: name: Poppenhaeger, K.
name: Schmitt, J. H. M. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The activity levels of stars are influenced by several stellar properties, such as stellar rotation, spectral type and the presence of stellar companions. In analogy to binaries, planetary companions are also thought to be able to cause higher activity levels in their host stars, although at lower levels. Especially in X-rays, such influences are hard to detect because coronae of cool stars exhibit a considerable amount of intrinsic variability. Recently, a correlation between the mass of close-in exoplanets and their host star's X-ray luminosity has been detected, based on archival X-ray data from the ROSAT All-Sky Survey. This finding has been interpreted as evidence for Star-Planet Interactions. We show in our analysis that this correlation is caused by selection effects due to the flux limit of the X-ray data used and due to the intrinsic planet detectability of the radial velocity method, and thus does not trace possible planet-induced effects. We also show that the correlation is not present in a corresponding complete sample derived from combined XMM-Newton and ROSAT data.
description: accepted by The Astrophysical Journal
The neuroendocrine regulation of pair-maintenance behavior in the opportunistically breeding zebra finch (Taeniopygia guttata)
Creators: name: Prior, Nora H.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: Understanding affiliative behavior is critical to understanding social organisms. While affiliative behaviors are known to exist across taxa and a wide range of contexts, the bulk of what is known about the physiological regulation of affiliation comes from studies of mammals. The zebra finch (Taeniopygia guttata) is a good model to further our understanding of the neuroendocrine regulation of affiliative behaviors. Zebra finches form sexually monogamous pair bonds, which they actively maintain throughout the year. Thus, in this system we can examine the regulatory mechanisms of affiliation associated with long-term pair maintenance both within and outside of a breeding context. In this dissertation, I present a series of studies using the zebra finch to examine the hypothesis that sex steroids regulate pair-maintenance behavior differently depending on breeding condition. In brief, I report that, (a) zebra finches have distinct sex steroid profiles based on breeding condition, (b) levels of testosterone and estradiol levels are maintained in behaviorally-relevant regions of water-restricted (i.e. non-breeding) zebra finches, (c) aromatase inhibition rapidly increases pair-maintenance behavior (proximity time), (d) chronic male-testosterone treatment decreases pair-maintenance behavior (proximity time under stressed conditions), and (e) sex steroid profiles and pair-maintenance behavior are not correlated in wild-caught zebra finches. Taken together, this work suggests that sex steroids have breeding-specific and social-context-specific regulatory effects on pair-maintenance behavior. Finally, this research shows the importance of controlling for breeding condition in all behavioral neuroendocrinology research on zebra finches and it highlights the role of seasonality in the expression and regulation of affiliative behaviors.
A SINFONI Integral Field Spectroscopy Survey for Galaxy Counterparts to Damped Lyman-alpha Systems - I. New Detections and Limits for Intervening and Associated Absorbers
Creators: name: Peroux, Celine
name: Bouche, Nicolas
name: Kulkarni, Varsha P.
name: York, Donald G.
name: Vladilo, Giovanni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Detailed studies of Damped and sub-Damped Lyman-alpha systems (DLA), the galaxies probed by the absorption they produce in the spectra of background quasars, rely on identifying the galaxy responsible for the absorber with more traditional methods. Integral field spectroscopy provides an efficient way of detecting faint galaxies near bright quasars, further providing immediate redshift confirmation. Here, we report the detection of H-alpha emission from a DLA and a sub-DLA galaxy among a sample of 6 intervening quasar absorbers targeted. We derive F(H-alpha)=7.7+/-2.7*10^-17 erg/s/cm^2 (SFR=1.8+/-0.6 M_sun/yr) at impact parameter b=25 kpc towards quasar Q0302-223 for the DLA at z_abs=1.009 and F(H-alpha)=17.1+/-6.0*10^-17 erg/s/cm^2 (SFR=2.9+/-1.0 M_sun/yr) at b=39 kpc towards Q1009-0026 for the sub-DLA at z_abs=0.887. These results are in line with low star formation rates previously reported in the literature for quasar absorbers. We use the NII 6585/H-alpha ratio to derive the HII emission metallicities and compare them with the neutral gas H I absorption metallicities derived from high-resolution spectra. In one case, the absorption metallicity is actually found to be higher than the emission line metallicity. For the remaining objects, we achieve 3-sigma limiting fluxes of the order F(H-alpha)~10^-17 erg/s/cm^2 (corresponding to SFR~ 0.1 M_sun/yr at z~1 and ~1 M_sun/yr at z~2), i.e. among the lowest that have been possible with ground-based observations. We also present two other galaxies associated with C IV systems and serendipitously discovered in our data.
description: 16 pages, 8 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Dihadron fragmentation functions and their relevance for transverse spin studies
Creators: name: Courtoy, A.
name: Bacchetta, A.
name: Radici, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dihadron fragmentation functions describe the probability that a quark fragments into two hadrons plus other undetected hadrons. In particular, the so-called interference fragmentation functions describe the azimuthal asymmetry of the dihadron distribution when the quark is transversely polarized. They can be used as tools to probe the quark transversity distribution in the nucleon. Recent studies on unpolarized and polarized dihadron fragmentation functions are presented, and we discuss their role in giving insights into transverse spin distributions.
description: To appear in the proceedings of the 19th International Spin Physics Symposium, Sept 27 - Oct 2, 2010, Juelich, Germany. To be published in JPCS
The Hadronic Contribution to the Muon Anomalous Magnetic Moment and to the Running Electromagnetic Fine Structure Constant at MZ - Overview and Latest Results
Creators: name: Hoecker, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum loops induce an anomaly, a_mu, in the magnetic moment of the muon that can be accurately measured. Its Standard Model prediction is limited in precision by contributions from hadronic vacuum polarisation of the photon. The dominant lowest-order hadronic term can be calculated with a combination of experimental cross section data, involving e+e- annihilation to hadrons, and perturbative QCD. These are used to evaluate an energy-squared dispersion integral that strongly emphasises low photon virtualities. The dominant contribution to the integral stems from the two-pion channel that can be measured both in e+e- annihilation and in tau decays. The corresponding e+e- and tau-based predictions of a_mu exhibit deviations by, respectively, 3.6 sigma and 2.4 sigma from experiment, leaving room for a possible interpretation in terms of new physics. This talk reviews the status of the Standard Model prediction with emphasis on the lowest-order hadronic contribution. Also given is the latest result for the running electromagnetic fine structure constant at the Z-mass pole, whose precision is limited by hadronic vacuum polarisation contributions, determined in a way similar to those of the magnetic anomaly.
description: Proceedings of talk at Tau2010 Workshop, Manchester, UK, 13-17 Sep, 2010; 10 pages, 8 figures
Characterisation of red-giant stars in the public Kepler data
Creators: name: Hekker, S.
name: Gilliland, R. L.
name: Elsworth, Y.
name: Chaplin, W. J.
name: De Ridder, J.
name: Stello, D.
name: Kallinger, T.
name: Ibrahim, K. A.
name: Klaus, T. C.
name: Li, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The first public release of long-cadence stellar photometric data collected by the NASA Kepler mission has now been made available. In this paper we characterise the red-giant (G-K) stars in this large sample in terms of their solar-like oscillations. We use published methods and well-known scaling relations in the analysis. Just over 70% of the red giants in the sample show detectable solar-like oscillations, and from these oscillations we are able to estimate the fundamental properties of the stars. This asteroseismic analysis reveals different populations: low-luminosity H-shell burning red-giant branch stars, cool high-luminosity red giants on the red-giant branch and He-core burning clump and secondary-clump giants.
description: Accepted for publication in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society Main Journal
Andean temperate forest owls : detectability, habitat relationships and reliability as biodiversity surrogates
Creators: name: Ibarra, Eliessetch José Tomás
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: South American temperate forests are globally exceptional for their high concentration of endemic species. These ecosystems are one of the most endangered biomes on Earth because nearly 60% of forests have been lost. Current knowledge of most Neotropical forest owls is limited. I examined (i) detectability, (ii) occurrence and habitat-resource utilization across spatial scales, and (iii) surrogacy reliability of the threatened habitat-specialist rufous-legged owls (Strix rufipes) and habitat-generalist austral pygmy-owls (Glaucidium nana) in southern Chile. During 2011-2013, I conducted 1,145 owl broadcast surveys, and established 505 vegetation plots and 505 avian point-transects across 101 sites comprising a range of conditions from highly degraded habitat to structurally complex old-growth forest stands. I recorded 292 detections of S. rufipes and 334 detections of G. nana. Detectability for both owls increased with greater moonlight and decreased with environmental noise, and for G. nana greater wind speed decreased detectability. Detection of either species was positively correlated with the detection of the other species. For S. rufipes, occurrence probability ranged from 0.05-1 across sites, and was positively associated with bamboo density and the variability in diameter at breast height of trees (multi-aged forests). For G. nana, occurrence ranged from 0.67-0.98, but the parameter estimates for covariates overlapped zero, meaning they occurred across the full range of habitat conditions. Relative to G. nana, S. rufipes had lower total resource utilization, but achieved similar peak occurrence for resources related to stand-level forest complexity and forest homogeneity at the landscape scale. I found that S. rufipes were reliable surrogates for avian species richness, endemism and measures of functional biodiversity (e.g. large-tree users, understorey users, degree of community specialization). Strix rufipes and specialist avian species and guilds aggregated at the relatively stable, least degraded, sites. This “specialist aggregation” was driven by forest-stand structural complexity. Forest management practices that maintain multi-aged stands with large trees and high bamboo cover will benefit both owls, and will be linked to a higher density of vulnerable endemic species, specialized wildlife communities and, likely, ecosystem stability in temperate forests.
Lyapunov exponents and Lagrangian chaos suppression in compressible homogeneous isotropic turbulence
Creators: name: Yu, Haijun
name: Fouxon, Itzhak
name: Wang, Jianchun
name: Li, Xiangru
name: Yuan, Li
name: Mao, Shipeng
name: Mond, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study Lyapunov exponents of tracers in compressible homogeneous isotropic turbulence at different turbulent Mach number $M_t$ and Taylor-scale Reynolds number $Re_λ$. We demonstrate that statistics of finite-time Lyapunov exponents have the same form as in incompressible flow due to density-velocity coupling. Modulus of the smallest Lyapunov exponent $λ_3$ provides the principal Lyapunov exponent of the time-reversed flow, which usually is wrong in a compressible flow. This exponent, along with the principal Lyapunov exponent $λ_1$, determines all the exponents due to the vanishing of the sum of all Lyapunov exponents. Numerical results by high-order schemes for solving the Navier-Stokes equations and tracking particles verify these theoretical predictions. We found that: 1) The largest normalized Lyapunov exponent $λ_1 τ_η$, where $τ_η$ is the Kolmogorov time scale, is a decreasing function of $M_t$. Its dependence on $Re_λ$ is weak when the driving force is solenoidal, while it is an increasing function of $Re_λ$ when the solenoidal and compressible forces are comparable. Similar facts hold for $|λ_3|$, in contrast with well-studied short-correlated model; 2) The ratio of the first two Lyapunov exponents $λ_1/λ_2$ decreases with $Re_λ$, and is virtually independent of $M_t$ for $M_t \le 1$ in the case of solenoidal force but decreases as $M_t$ increases when solenoidal and compressible forces are comparable; 3) For purely solenoidal force, $λ_1 :λ_2 :λ_3 \approx 4:1:-5$ for $Re_λ> 80$, which is consistent with incompressible turbulence studies; 4) The ratio of dilation-to-vorticity is a more suitable parameter to characterize LEs than $M_t$.
description: 25 pages, 18 figures
A SINFONI Integral Field Spectroscopy Survey for Galaxy Counterparts to Damped Lyman-alpha Systems - II. Dynamical Properties of the Galaxies towards Q0302-223 and Q1009-0026
Creators: name: Peroux, Celine
name: Bouche, Nicolas
name: Kulkarni, Varsha P.
name: York, Donald G.
name: Vladilo, Giovanni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Details of processes through which galaxies convert their gas into stars need to be studied in order to obtain a complete picture of galaxy formation. One way to tackle these phenomena is to relate the HI gas and the stars in galaxies. Here, we present dynamical properties of Damped and sub-Damped Lyman-alpha Systems identified in H-alpha emission with VLT/SINFONI at near infra-red wavelengths. While the DLA towards Q0302-223 is found to be dispersion-dominated, the sub-DLA towards Q1009-0026 shows clear signatures of rotation. We use a proxy to circular velocity to estimate the mass of the halo in which the sub-DLA resides and find M_halo=10^12.6 M_sun. We also derive dynamical masses of these objects, and find M_dyn=10^10.3 M_sun and 10^10.9 M_sun. For one of the two systems (towards Q0302-223), we are able to derive a stellar mass of M_*=10^9.5 M_sun from Spectral Energy Distribution fit. The gas fraction in this object is 1/3rd, comparable to similar objects at these redshifts. Our work illustrates that detailed studies of quasar absorbers can offer entirely new insights into our knowledge of the interaction between stars and the interstellar gas in galaxies.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
On the orbital parameters of Be/X-ray binaries in the Small Magellanic Cloud
Creators: name: Townsend, L. J.
name: Coe, M. J.
name: Corbet, R. H. D.
name: Hill, A. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The orbital motion of a neutron star about its optical companion presents a window through which to study the orbital parameters of that binary system. This has been used extensively in the Milky Way to calculate these parameters for several high-mass X-ray binaries. Using several years of RXTE PCA data, we derive the orbital parameters of four Be/X-ray binary systems in the SMC, increasing the number of systems with orbital solutions by a factor of three. We find one new orbital period, confirm a second and discuss the parameters with comparison to the Galactic systems. Despite the low metallicity in the SMC, these binary systems sit amongst the Galactic distribution of orbital periods and eccentricities, suggesting that metallicity may not play an important role in the evolution of high-mass X-ray binary systems. A plot of orbital period against eccentricity shows that the supergiant, Be and low eccentricity OB transient systems occupy separate regions of the parameter space; akin to the separated regions on the Corbet diagram. Using a Spearman's rank correlation test, we also find a possible correlation between the two parameters. The mass functions, inclinations and orbital semimajor axes are derived for the SMC systems based on the binary parameters and the spectral classification of the optical counterpart. As a by-product of our work, we present a catalogue of the orbital parameters for every high-mass X-ray binary in the Galaxy and Magellanic Clouds for which they are known.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures, Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Additional file 1 of The predictive value of lncRNA MIR31HG expression on clinical outcomes in patients with solid malignant tumors
Creators: name: Tu, Chao
name: Ren, Xiaolei
name: He, Jieyu
name: Li, Shuangqing
name: Qi, Lin
name: Duan, Zhixi
name: Wang, Wanchun
name: Li, Zhihong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Forest plots describing subgroup analysis of HRs for association between MIR31HG expression and OS based on follow-up months (a) and expression pattern of MIR31HG in cancerous tissues and matched normal samples in various cancers (b, c). CI confidence interval, HR hazard ratio, OS overall survival
« Le phénomène du Revenge Porn : entre reconnaissance et stigmatisation, le point de vue des victimes. »
Creators: name: Mincke, Maureen
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2021
Subjects: Revenge Porn
Victim blaming
Stigmatisation
Entourage
Traumatismes
Deepnude
Justice
Prévention

description: Ce mémoire porte un regard sociologique pour comprendre globalement le phénomène du Revenge Porn chez les adolescentes/jeunes adultes de 16 à 25 ans se considérant victimes de cette pratique. Plus précisément, il s’intéresse, d’un point de vue phénoménologique, à leurs perceptions du phénomène du revenge porn. Notre analyse se base sur les histoires et les expériences vécues de quatre femmes se considérant comme victimes et une cinquième personne qui est la co-fondatrice de l’association stop fisha, établie en France, qui nous a parlé de son expérience et des divers cas auxquels elle devait faire face. Ce mémoire aborde divers aspects tels que les conséquences dans leurs vies de tous les jours, le victim blaming, la perception de la Justice dans ce genre d’affaires, le désir ou non de porter plainte et pour quelles raisons, la stigmatisation du nom peu flatteur du Revenge Porn qui laisserait sous-entendre de prime abord qu’elles ont fait quelque chose de mal auparavant, ainsi que des projets à mettre en place préventivement pour pouvoir lutter contre le Revenge Porn.
Modelling dynamic programming problems by generalized d-graphs
Creators: name: Kátai, Zoltán
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: D.1
subject: 68W40

description: In this paper we introduce the concept of generalized d-graph (admitting cycles) as special dependency-graphs for modelling dynamic programming (DP) problems. We describe the d-graph versions of three famous single-source shortest algorithms (The algorithm based on the topological order of the vertices, Dijkstra algorithm and Bellman-Ford algorithm), which can be viewed as general DP strategies in the case of three different class of optimization problems. The new modelling method also makes possible to classify DP problems and the corresponding DP strategies in term of graph theory.
Modeling and Control of Diesel Engine Emissions using Multi-layer Neural Networks and Economic Model Predictive Control
Creators: name: Zhang, Jiadi
name: Li, Xiao
name: Amini, Mohammad Reza
name: Kolmanovsky, Ilya
name: Tsutsumi, Munechika
name: Nakada, Hayato
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This paper presents the results of developing a multi-layer Neural Network (NN) to represent diesel engine emissions and integrating this NN into control design. Firstly, a NN is trained and validated to simultaneously predict oxides of nitrogen (N Ox) and Soot using both transient and steady-state data. Based on the input-output correlation analysis, inputs to NN with the highest influence on the emissions are selected while keeping the NN structure simple. Secondly, a co-simulation framework is implemented to integrate the NN emissions model with a model of a diesel engine airpath system built in GT-Power and used to identify a low-order linear parameter-varying (LPV) model for emissions prediction. Finally, an economic supervisory model predictive controller (MPC) is developed using the LPV emissions model to adjust setpoints to an inner-loop airpath tracking MPC. Simulation results are reported illustrating the capability of the resulting controller to reduce N Ox, meet the target Soot limit, and track the adjusted intake manifold pressure and exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) rate targets.
Improve Quality of Reporting Randomized Controlled Trials in Nursing Research: CONSORT Statement
Creators: name: Alkhaqani, Ahmed
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Nursing workforce
Medicine, nursing and health curriculum and pedagogy

description: Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs) are regarded as the most reputable source of evidence that provides the best guide of the effectiveness of nursing interventions during the Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) period and, however, yet in the nursing literature, have not been evaluated the quality of reporting RCT. Practical and conceptual challenges to the EBP nursing movement have been. The limited available scientific evidence on the efficacy of many nursing practices is one of the serious concerns. EBP requests that study evidence from RCTs and other forms of intervention studies that are still limited in nursing be synthesized. On the other hand, comprehensive evaluations, meta-analyses, and systematic reviews performed in nursing are also limited compared to other disciplines, such as psychology and medicine. The Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) Statement is a guideline developed to improve the quality of reporting randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in healthcare research, including nursing research. The statement consists of a checklist of 25 items that should be included in reporting RCTs. Applying the declaration of the CONSORT statement to nursing and healthcare provider studies, the adequacy of the published reports adhere to the statement and how the content of the published RCTs is being influenced by the adoption of CONSORT on the quality of reporting RCT. Evidence-based practice is rooted in solid evidence that the assumption (science-based nursing) in patient care should be supported by sound evidence. It is important that nursing professionals use the CONSORT statement to review, publish, and utilize their reports of nursing clinical and gather the best evidence to support their clinical practice of use and their decision-making. Keywords: CONSORT statement, Guideline, Nursing Studies, Evidence-based nursing
Engineering design of nanofibre wound dressings
Creators: name: Leung, Victor Ka Lun
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: This research aimed to develop a nanofibrous carrier design process for hydrophilic, small-molecule drugs for controlled wound healing. Kynurenine was used as representative example, as it presented challenges with its size and structure necessitating significant optimization to reach release target. The objective of the design is thus to facilitate controlled healing via addressing hypotheses on carrier material compatibility, release control through process or material modification, and fabrication of continuous structures. The design process began with material selection, which identified poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) as the candidate carrier. Experimental verification via drug-polymer interaction characterization suggested that kynurenine formed a solution with PVA, and was encapsulated within PVA nanofibres, implying drug release is diffusion-controlled. The characterization process provided more insightful understanding of drug release mechanism compared to data fitting to empirical models performed in existing literatures. Release assays showed complete kynurenine release from PVA within five hours. In subsequent optimization studies, three methods to control release from nanofibres were proposed. First, material parameters such as molecular weight, electrospinning concentration and drug dosage were shown to be a suitable fine-control mechanism. The second method was matrix modification via heat treatment, which changed the burst release behavior, although drug entrapment was observed. The third method was a composite approach in which the drug-polymer system was encased in the more hydrophobic poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA), which significantly reduced burst release, and extended the release period to over 120 hours. Applicability of the PVA kynurenine carrier, planar dressings and braided sutures were explored, which could become useful for a variety of wounds. For planar dressings, the proposed design showed tensile properties within the range of various commercial dressing products and thus was considered robust for handling and application to open acute and chronic wounds. For sutures, process modification in 3D braiding was introduced to significantly increase tensile strength, which could help create robust wound closure devices for patients prone to scarring. The outcomes of this study demonstrated customization of drug release and structural properties of wound dressing materials to suit various open wounds, to provide a platform for supporting the expanding therapeutic functionalities in next generation wound dressings.
Geschichte als Schulbuchtext. Eine narrativitätstheoretische vergleichende Analyse englisch- und deutschsprachiger Schulbücher. Band 2 / Volume 2: Appendix
Creators: name: Sonnemann, Jan Willem
Publisher: name: Chair of Public History at University of Vienna
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: History teachers
subject: Public history
subject: Imperialism
subject: Textbooks

description: See Volume 1.
Exploring the Production of “Dangerous Persons” in Forensic Psychiatry: A Critical Ethnography of the Ontario Review Board (ORB)
Creators: name: Domingue, Jean-Laurent
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2021
Subjects: Mental Health Nursing
Forensic Nursing
Forensic Psychiatry
Mental Health Tribunals
Ethics

description: Forensic psychiatric nursing is a specialty at the junction of two well-researched intersecting systems with two different mandates: criminal justice (public protection) and health care (public good). Nurses’ involvement at one of the systems’ points of juncture, review board (RB) hearings, has largely been left unexplored. At RB hearings, a panel of legal and health care professionals determines if persons unfit to stand trial (UST) or not criminally responsible on account of mental disorder (NCRMD) represent significant threats to the safety of the public, and orders conditions aimed at keeping the community safe. The aim of this research project was to explore how psychiatric and public safety discourses construct the identity of persons UST or NCRMD during RB hearings, and nurses’ contribution to such identity construction. Critical ethnography methodology was employed, mobilizing three data sources: interviews with forensic psychiatric nurses, observations of RB hearings, and RB documentary artifacts. A poststructuralist lens was used to discern how RB culture produces truths about persons UST or NCRMD that sustain the hegemony of public safety and psychiatric discourses. The main finding was that the forensic psychiatric structure leverages therapeutic nursing interventions and documentation as evidence of deviancy, so that persons UST or NCRMD can be objectified and produced as dangerous, prior to socially rehabilitating them. Discursive structures sustaining the forensic psychiatric system inscribe nursing care within a disciplinary scheme, rendering it coercive and punitive. Thus, a care-and-custody dichotomy is insufficient to explain the complex processes at play in forensic psychiatry. These findings have implications for research, practice, and education in forensic psychiatric nursing, nursing ethics, and other nursing specialties on the medico-legal borderland.