cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Diverse pathways of "giving back" to tribal community
title: perceptions of Native American college graduates
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Guillory, Justin Paul
Publisher: name: Washington State University
Year: 2008
Subjects: Indians of North America -- Conduct of life

description: The purpose of this study was to explore the concept of "giving back" from a Native American perspective and the role it plays throughout the educational journeys of Native American degree recipients and beyond. Semi-structured interviews were used to illuminate the nuances of the giving back concept from a Native perspective. A total of twelve participants with a bachelor s degree from four-year and graduate institutions in the Pacific Northwest and Midwest regions were interviewed. The participants in the study were selected based on the relative years they attended and graduated from college and were loosely organized into three groups: Recent Graduates, Experienced Workers, and Respected Elders. Data analysis revealed intergenerational similarities and differences among the three groups throughout their K-12 years, during college and after degree attainment. Several barriers and persistence factors were also identified. This study clearly demonstrated that the desire to give back played a critical role in the lives of the participants in this study. A key finding is that the concept of giving back is much more complex, difficult, and even painful, in the lives of Native American degree recipients upon degree completion. For every rewarding experience that giving back provided, there was also numerous struggles in the process. The process of degree attainment often resulted in strained relationships between Native American graduates and their own communities. The findings of this study are significant for two reasons. Although previous studies found that the desire to give back is a strong persistence factor for Native students in college, few studies specifically focused on the rewards and struggles associated with giving back for these students once they completed their degrees. The findings of this study clearly showed that the participants demonstrated a tremendous capacity of resiliency throughout their lives. However, the participants continued to encounter adversity when faced with the choice of how they gave back to their tribal communities after college. The participants gave back in diverse ways: some chose to "physically" move back home to give back while others gave back from afar. In unique ways, the same resiliency they needed while persisting toward degree completion was the same resiliency they needed to give back to the community after degree completion.
Three-Dimensional Disk-Satellite Interaction: Torques, Migration, and Observational Signatures
Creators: name: Arzamasskiy, Lev
name: Zhu, Zhaohuan
name: Stone, James M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The interaction of a satellite with a gaseous disk results in the excitation of spiral density waves which remove angular momentum from the orbit. In addition, if the orbit is not coplanar with the disk, three-dimensional effects will excite bending and eccentricity waves. We perform three-dimensional hydrodynamic simulations to study nonlinear disk-satellite interaction in inviscid protoplanetary disks for a variety of orbital inclinations from $0^\circ$ to $180^\circ$. It is well known that three-dimensional effects are important even for zero inclination. In this work we (1) show that for planets with small inclinations (as in the Solar system), effects such as the total torque and migration rate strongly depend on the inclination and are significantly different (about 2.5 times smaller) from the two-dimensional case, (2) give formulae for the migration rate, inclination damping, and precession rate of planets with different inclination angles in disk with different scale heights, and (3) present the observational signatures of a planet on an inclined orbit with respect to the protoplanetary disk. For misaligned planets we find good agreement with linear theory in the limit of small inclinations, and with dynamical friction estimates for intermediate inclinations. We find that in the latter case, the dynamical friction force is not parallel to the relative planetary velocity. Overall, the derived formulae will be important for studying exoplanets with obliquity.
description: 12 pages, 9 figures, accepted by MNRAS
Unveiling the Graviton Mass Bounds through Analysis of 2023 Pulsar Timing Array Data Releases
Creators: name: Wang, Sai
name: Zhao, Zhi-Chao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Strong evidence for the Helling-Downs correlation curves have been reported by multiple pulsar timing array (PTA) collaborations in middle 2023. In this work, we investigate the graviton mass bounds by analyzing the observational data of the overlap ruduction functions from the NANOGrav 15-year data release and CPTA first data release. The results from our data analysis display the state-of-the-art upper limits on the graviton mass at 90\% confidence level, namely, $m_{g}\lesssim8.6\times10^{-24}\mathrm{eV}$ from NANOGrav and $m_{g}\lesssim3.8\times10^{-23}\mathrm{eV}$ from CPTA. We also study the cosmic-variance limit on the graviton mass bounds, i.e., $σ_{m_{g}}^{\mathrm{CV}}=4.8\times10^{-24}\mathrm{eV}\times f/(10~\mathrm{year})^{-1}$, with $f$ being a typical frequency band of PTA observations. This is equivalent to the cosmic-variance limit on the speed of gravitational waves, i.e., $σ_{v_{g}}^{\mathrm{CV}}=0.07c$, with $c$ being the speed of light. Moreover, we discuss potential implications of these results for scenarios of ultralight tensor dark matter.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures, two columns, version for publication
Effects of Tillage Methods on Soil Available Phosphorus and Available Potassium in the Loess Plateau
Creators: name: MENG Tingting
name: ZHANG Lu
name: MENG Tingting
name: ZHANG Lu
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Tillage methods, Available phosphorus, Available potassium, Dry loess plateau

description: In order to find out the effects of long-term no-tillage operation on soil available phosphorus and available potassium in the loess plateau, a suitable high-yield and high-efficiency tillage technology system was established. In the Changwu loess plateau agri-ecological experiment station of the Northwest A&F University of Changwu County, Shaanxi Province, the no-tillage experimental field for three consecutive years was selected. In September 2015, no-tillage, tillage, and rotary tillage were carried out before winter wheat was sowed. After the harvest of winter wheat in 2016, the contents of available phosphorus and available potassium in 0-30 cm soil layer under three tillage methods were analyzed. The results showed that in the 0-30 cm soil layer, the soil available phosphorus and available potassium decreased with the increase of the soil depth in the three tillage methods. The content of available phosphorus and available potassium in10-20 cm soil layer and 20-30 cm soil layer decreased by 16.07%, 32.74%, 15.54% and 27.08%, respectively, and there were significant differences (P < 0.05). Under different tillage methods, the soil available phosphorus content in the 0-10 cm soil layer significantly reduced by 11.31% compared with no-tillage. The soil available potassium content under tillage and rotary tillage significantly reduced by 6.16% and 4.97%, respectively (P < 0.05). Compared with no-tillage, the soil available phosphorus content in the 20-30 cm soil layer significantly reduced by 18.12%. The soil available potassium content under tillage and rotary tillage methods significantly reduced by 17.17% and 9.22%, respectively (P < 0.05). Therefore, in the long-term no-tillage dry loess plateau, it is necessary to conduct proper tillage or rotary tillage.
Information decomposition in complex systems via machine learning
Creators: name: Murphy, Kieran A.
name: Bassett, Dani S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of the fundamental steps toward understanding a complex system is identifying variation at the scale of the system's components that is most relevant to behavior on a macroscopic scale. Mutual information provides a natural means of linking variation across scales of a system due to its independence of functional relationship between observables. However, characterizing the manner in which information is distributed across a set of observables is computationally challenging and generally infeasible beyond a handful of measurements. Here we propose a practical and general methodology that uses machine learning to decompose the information contained in a set of measurements by jointly optimizing a lossy compression of each measurement. Guided by the distributed information bottleneck as a learning objective, the information decomposition identifies the variation in the measurements of the system state most relevant to specified macroscale behavior. We focus our analysis on two paradigmatic complex systems: a Boolean circuit and an amorphous material undergoing plastic deformation. In both examples, the large amount of entropy of the system state is decomposed, bit by bit, in terms of what is most related to macroscale behavior. The identification of meaningful variation in data, with the full generality brought by information theory, is made practical for studying the connection between micro- and macroscale structure in complex systems.
description: Project page: https://distributed-information-bottleneck.github.io/
Do Click Trains Dilate Time Perception due to Physiological Arousal?
Creators: name: Williams, Emily
name: Solodow, Elena
name: Henderson, Jessica
name: Stewart, Andrew
name: Jones, Luke
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Arousal
subject: Click trains
subject: Heart rate
subject: Pupillometry
subject: Time perception
subject: Verbal estimation

description: This project contains the materials, data, and supplementary materials that accompany the manuscript 'Do click trains dilate time perception due to physiological arousal?'
Systematic Survey of Extended Lyman-alpha Sources over z~3-5
Creators: name: Saito, Tomoki
name: Shimasaku, Kazuhiro
name: Okamura, Sadanori
name: Ouchi, Masami
name: Akiyama, Masayuki
name: Yoshida, Michitoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spatially extended Ly-alpha sources which are faint and compact in coninuum are candidates for extremely young galaxies (age of ~<10e+7 yrs) at high redshifts. We carried out a systematic survey for extended Ly-alpha sources, using deep intermediate-band imaging data taken with the Suprime-Cam on the Subaru Telescope. Our survey covers a field of view of 33' * 25' and a redshift range of 3.24
description: 35 pages, 13 figures. Accepted for publication in ApJ
Mutual Information in Frequency and its Application to Measure Cross-Frequency Coupling in Epilepsy
Creators: name: Malladi, Rakesh
name: Johnson, Don H
name: Kalamangalam, Giridhar P
name: Tandon, Nitin
name: Aazhang, Behnaam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: We define a metric, mutual information in frequency (MI-in-frequency), to detect and quantify the statistical dependence between different frequency components in the data, referred to as cross-frequency coupling and apply it to electrophysiological recordings from the brain to infer cross-frequency coupling. The current metrics used to quantify the cross-frequency coupling in neuroscience cannot detect if two frequency components in non-Gaussian brain recordings are statistically independent or not. Our MI-in-frequency metric, based on Shannon's mutual information between the Cramer's representation of stochastic processes, overcomes this shortcoming and can detect statistical dependence in frequency between non-Gaussian signals. We then describe two data-driven estimators of MI-in-frequency: one based on kernel density estimation and the other based on the nearest neighbor algorithm and validate their performance on simulated data. We then use MI-in-frequency to estimate mutual information between two data streams that are dependent across time, without making any parametric model assumptions. Finally, we use the MI-in- frequency metric to investigate the cross-frequency coupling in seizure onset zone from electrocorticographic recordings during seizures. The inferred cross-frequency coupling characteristics are essential to optimize the spatial and spectral parameters of electrical stimulation based treatments of epilepsy.
description: This paper is accepted for publication in IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing and contains 15 pages, 9 figures and 1 table
Fixed-point action for fermions in QCD
Creators: name: DeGrand, T.
name: Hasenfratz, A.
name: Hasenfratz, P.
name: Kunszt, P.
name: Niedermayer, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report our progress constructing a fixed-point action for fermions interacting with SU(3) gauge fields.
description: 3 pages, LaTeX file. Talk presented at LATTICE96(improvement)
Observation of nonvolatile magneto-thermal switching in superconductors
Creators: name: Arima, Hiroto
name: Kasem, Md. Riad
name: Sepehri-Amin, Hossein
name: Ando, Fuyuki
name: Uchida, Ken-ichi
name: Kinoshita, Yuto
name: Tokunaga, Masashi
name: Mizuguchi, Yoshikazu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Applying a magnetic field to a solid changes its thermal-transport properties. Although such magneto-thermal-transport phenomena are usually small effects, giant magneto-thermal resistance has recently been observed in spintronic materials1,2 and superconductors3,4, opening up new possibilities in thermal management technologies. However, the thermal conductivity conventionally changes only when a magnetic field is applied due to the absence of nonvolatility, which limits potential applications of thermal switching devices5,6. Here, we report the observation of nonvolatile thermal switching that changes the thermal conductivity when a magnetic field is applied and retains the value even when the field is turned off. This unconventional magneto-thermal switching, surprisingly, arises in commercial Sn-Pb solders and is realized by phase-separated superconducting states and resultant nonuniform magnetic flux distributions. This result confirms the versatility of the observed phenomenon and aids the development of active solid-state thermal management devices.
description: 33 pages, 5 figures & 9 extended data figures
In silico identification and design of potent peptide inhibitors against PDZ-3 domain of Postsynaptic Density Protein (PSD-95)
Creators: name: Tanuj Sharma
name: Siddiqi, Mohammad Imran
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer

description: Unique intrinsic properties of peptides like low toxicity, high biological activity, and specificity make them attractive therapeutic agents. PDZ-binding peptide inhibitors have been demonstrated for curing of Alzheimer, Parkinson, Dementia, and other central nervous system ailments. In this article, we report the successful use of an integrated computational protocol to analyze the structural basis of how peptides bind to the shallow groove of the third PDZ domain (PDZ-3) from the postsynaptic density (PSD-95) protein. This protocol employs careful and precise computational techniques for design of new strategy for predicting novel and potent peptides against PDZ protein. We attempted to generate a pharmacophore model using crystal structure of peptide inhibitor bound to the PDZ-3. A highly specific and sensitive generated pharmacophore model was used for screening virtual database generated using different combination of amino acid substitutions as well as decoy peptide database for its sensitivity and specificity. Identified hit peptides were further analyzed by docking studies, and their stability analyzed using solvated molecular dynamics. Quantum Mechanics/Molecular Mechanics (QM/MM) interaction energy and GMX-PBSA scoring schemes were used for ranking of stable peptides. Computational approach applied here generated encouraging results for identifying peptides against PDZ interaction model. The workflow can be further exercised as a virtual screening technique for reducing the search space for candidate target peptides against PDZ domains.
Parameterizations for Ensemble Kalman Inversion
Creators: name: Chada, Neil K.
name: Iglesias, Marco A.
name: Roininen, Lassi
name: Stuart, Andrew M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The use of ensemble methods to solve inverse problems is attractive because it is a derivative-free methodology which is also well-adapted to parallelization. In its basic iterative form the method produces an ensemble of solutions which lie in the linear span of the initial ensemble. Choice of the parameterization of the unknown field is thus a key component of the success of the method. We demonstrate how both geometric ideas and hierarchical ideas can be used to design effective parameterizations for a number of applied inverse problems arising in electrical impedance tomography, groundwater flow and source inversion. In particular we show how geometric ideas, including the level set method, can be used to reconstruct piecewise continuous fields, and we show how hierarchical methods can be used to learn key parameters in continuous fields, such as length-scales, resulting in improved reconstructions. Geometric and hierarchical ideas are combined in the level set method to find piecewise constant reconstructions with interfaces of unknown topology.
Practical quantum imaging with undetected photons
Creators: name: Pearce, Emma
name: Gemmell, Nathan R.
name: Flórez, Jefferson
name: Ding, Jiaye
name: Oulton, Rupert F.
name: Clark, Alex S.
name: Phillips, Chris C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Infrared (IR) imaging is invaluable across many scientific disciplines, from material analysis to diagnostic medicine. However, applications are often limited by detector cost, resolution and sensitivity, noise caused by the thermal IR background, and the cost, portability and tunability of infrared sources. Here, we describe a compact, portable, and low-cost system that is able to image objects at IR wavelengths without an IR source or IR detector. This imaging with undetected photons (IUP) approach uses quantum interference and correlations between entangled photon pairs to transfer image information from the IR to the visible, where it can be detected with a standard silicon camera. We also demonstrate a rapid analysis approach to acquire both phase and transmission image information. These developments provide an important step towards making IUP a commercially viable technique.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures
The correlation between radio power and Mach number for radio relics in galaxy clusters
Creators: name: Colafrancesco, S.
name: Marchegiani, P.
name: Paulo, C. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss a new technique to constrain models for the origin of radio relics in galaxy clusters using the correlation between the shock Mach number and the radio power of relics. This analysis is carried out using a sample of relics with information on both the Mach numbers derived from X-ray observation, $\mathcal{M}_X$, and using spectral information from radio observations of the peak and the average values of the spectral index along the relic, $\mathcal{M}_R$. We find that there is a lack of correlation between $\mathcal{M}_X$ and $\mathcal{M}_R$; this result is an indication that the spectral index of the relic is likely not due to the acceleration of particles operated by the shock but it is related to the properties of a fossil electrons population. We also find that the available data on the correlation between the radio power $P_{1.4}$ and Mach numbers ($\mathcal{M}_R$ and $\mathcal{M}_X$) in relics indicate that neither the DSA nor the adiabatic compression can simply reproduce the observed $P_{1.4}-\mathcal{M}$ correlations. Furthermore, we find that the radio power is not correlated with $\mathcal{M}_X$, whereas it is not possible to exclude a correlation with $\mathcal{M}_R$. This also indicates that the relic power is mainly determined by the properties of a fossil electron population rather than by the properties of the shock. Our results require either to consider models of shock (re)acceleration that go beyond the proposed scenarios of DSA and adiabatic compression at shocks, or to reconsider the origin of radio relics in terms of other physical scenarios.
description: 14 pages, 8 figures. MNRAS, in press
title: Thread selection and control
title: Towards a concurrency model for Prolog
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Suleiman, Atef
Publisher: name: Washington State University
Year: 2009
Subjects: Parallel programming (Computer science)

description: Explicit expressions of concurrency advance Prolog's standing as a practical programming language capable of exploiting modern multiprocessor computers. This dissertation describes the design and implementation of a high-level concurrency model for Prolog. The design is based on self-blocking threads which facilitate the separation of thread creation and execution and the implementation of suspend and resume primitives, both of which are critical to Prolog interoperability. The model subsumes the one recommended in ISO/IEC DTR 13211-5:2007 and provides for high-level features such as backtracking, multiple executions and execution modes. Experimental results based on a proof-of-concept implementation show that the model is competitively efficient in terms of simplicity and expressiveness, as well as performance.
Memories of Great Grandad and Grandma
Creators: name: Project Team, Their Finest Hour
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 430304
subject: British history
classificationCode: 430308
subject: European history (excl. British, classical Greek and Roman)
classificationCode: 430316
subject: International history

description: My great-grandad was stationed in Egypt during World War 2. Attached is a photo of my grandma, her mother, her grandmother and their cat, Tiger. These photos were sent to the men to remind them what home was like.
Spin interferometry in anisotropic spin-orbit fields
Creators: name: Saarikoski, Henri
name: Reynoso, Andrés
name: Baltanás, José Pablo
name: Frustaglia, Diego
name: Nitta, Junsaku
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electron spins in a two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) can be manipulated by spin-orbit (SO) fields originating from either Rashba or Dresselhaus interactions with independent isotropic characteristics. Together, though, they produce anisotropic SO fields with consequences on quantum transport through spin interference. Here we study the transport properties of modelled mesoscopic rings subject to Rashba and Dresselhaus [001] SO couplings in the presence of an additional in-plane Zeeman field acting as a probe. By means of 1D and 2D quantum transport simulations we show that this setting presents anisotropies in the quantum resistance as a function of the Zeeman field direction. Moreover, the anisotropic resistance can be tuned by the Rashba strength up to the point to invert its response to the Zeeman field. We also find that a topological transition in the field texture that is associated with a geometric phase switching is imprinted in the anisotropy pattern. We conclude that resistance anisotropy measurements can reveal signatures of SO textures and geometric phases in spin carriers.
description: 12 pages, 11 figures
Wide-field Corrector for a Gregory Telescope
Creators: name: Terebizh, V. Yu.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A form of prime focus corrector for the Gregory system is proposed that provides the sub-arcsecond field of view up to 3 degrees in diameter for the spectral range 0.35-0.90 microns. The corrector includes five lenses made of same glass (fused silica is preferable). The distinctive feature of the corrector consists in dissimilar use of the central and edge zones of a front lens disposed in the exit pupil of a two-mirror system. As an example, the f/1.9 telescope is considered with the 6.5-m aperture and the total length 8.8~m. Its primary and secondary mirrors are pure ellipsoids close to concave paraboloid and concave sphere, respectively. In the basic configuration, all surfaces of the corrector are spherical. The diameter of a star image D_{80} varies from 0''.25 on the optical axis up to 0''.50 at the edge of the 2.3-deg field. Only slightly worse images shows spherical corrector for the 2.4-deg field of view. The fraction of vignetted rays grows on 1.7% from the center of field to its edges. Aspherization of some lens surfaces allows to reach sub-arcsecond images in the field of 3.0 in diameter.
description: 12 pages
Interaction-mitigated Landau damping
Creators: name: Wang, Xuepeng
name: Moessner, Roderich
name: Chowdhury, Debanjan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bosonic collective modes are ubiquitous in metals, but over a wide range of energy and momenta suffer from Landau damping, decaying into the continuum of particle-hole excitations. Here we point out that interactions can suppress this decay, protecting a finite fraction of the total spectral weight associated with the collective mode, e.g. a plasmon. The underlying mechanism is level repulsion between a discrete mode and the continuum. We demonstrate the effect using a number of simplified models of strongly correlated Fermi-liquid metals, including a ``solvable" random flavor model in the large$-N$ limit. We discuss in detail the possibility of observing such an avoided decay for plasmons in (moiré) graphene-like systems.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures
On the Influence of Pulse Shapes on Ionization Probability
Creators: name: Faria, C. Figueira de Morisson
name: Fring, A.
name: Schrader, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate analytical expressions for the upper and lower bounds for the ionization probability through ultra-intense shortly pulsed laser radiation. We take several different pulse shapes into account, including in particular those with a smooth adiabatic turn-on and turn-off. For all situations for which our bounds are applicable we do not find any evidence for bound-state stabilization.
description: 21 pages LateX, 10 figures
Characterization and modeling of a MEMS-based resonant micro heat engine
Creators: name: Bardaweel, Hamzeh Khalid
Publisher: name: Washington State University
Year: 2010
Subjects: Microelectromechanical systems

description: The focus of this dissertation is investigating the dynamic and the thermal behavior of a MEMS-based resonant micro heat engine. The thermodynamic cycle of the engine is also investigated. To completely characterize the operation of the engine a new experimental setup is built and used. A lumped parameter model of the engine is developed. The model is validated against measured data. The velocity transfer function shows a broad plateau with a maximum value of 2.5mm/s/W. No resonant peak is observed over the frequency range 0.1-1000Hz. To reduce the resonant frequency of the engine a small mass is placed on top of the engine. The resonant frequency of the engine is reduced to 100Hz. The amplitude of the velocity transfer function reaches a maximum value of 10mm/s/W at resonant frequency. Thus, at resonance the amplitude of velocity transfer function is increased by a factor of 4. Experiments show that the amplitude of velocity transfer function increases by a factor of 1.5-8.5 when added mass is thermally isolated from the engine. Pulse durations less than 10% of the total engine cycle period are desirable. Both resonant and off-resonant operations of the engine are investigated. The results show that resonant operation is valuable. For a fixed amount of energy delivered to the engine, as the resonant operation is approached the cycle opens up and more mechanical work is observed. However, for an off-resonant operation pressure and volume become coupled and less mechanical work is observed. The thermodynamic cycle of the engine has been acquired experimentally. Vapor pressure, vapor volume, vapor temperature, and vapor entropy changes inside the cavity of the engine are determined. The maximum measured pressure and volume changes are 45Pa and 0.55mm3, respectively. The data show that the engine operates at vapor temperature gradient less than 1 C. Albeit the temperature gradient is low, the measured second law efficiency of the micro heat engine is about 16%. Major sources of irreversibility in the engine are heat transfer over finite temperature differences during heat addition and rejection, heat transfer into and out of engine thermal mass and viscous losses due to liquid working fluid motion.
Optimal Method of Extraction Process of Flavonoids from Ginkgo biloba
Creators: name: CHEN Qun
name: TANG Lang
name: MA Shitang
name: CHEN Qun
name: TANG Lang
name: MA Shitang
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Ginkgo leaf, Ultrasound extraction, Total flavone, Single factor, Response method

description: [Objectives] To optimize the extraction of total flavone in folium Ginkgo biloba leaves. [Methods] Using the ultrasonic extraction method, the three levels of maximum impact were selected by each factor selection, and the optimal extraction technology was obtained by box-benhnken test design analysis. [Results] After analyzing the results, the optimal process was as follows: a time of 28.89 min and liquid/material ratio of 31.38∶1, the temperature was 40.74 ℃. In this way, NaNO2-Al (NO3)3-NaOH was used as color developing agent, and the theoretical extraction of flavone in ginkgo leaf can reach 11.74 mg/g. [Conclusions] This method can be used to extract total flavonoids from G. biloba leaves with simple operation, low cost and good repeatability.
Three-Dimensional Coupled Dynamics of Two-Fluid Model in Superfluid $^4$He: Deformed Velocity Profile of Normal Fluid in Thermal Counterflow
Creators: name: Yui, Satoshi
name: Tsubota, Makoto
name: Kobayashi, Hiromichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The coupled dynamics of the two-fluid model of superfluid $^4$He is numerically studied for quantum turbulence of the thermal counterflow in a square channel. We combine the vortex filament model of the superfluid and the Navier-Stokes equations of normal fluid. Simulations of the coupled dynamics show that the velocity profile of the normal fluid is deformed significantly by superfluid turbulence as the vortices become dense. This result is consistent with recently performed visualization experiments. We introduce a dimensionless parameter that characterizes the deformation of the velocity profile.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures
Reliable confidence regions for quantum tomography using distribution moments
Creators: name: Norkin, D. O.
name: Kiktenko, E. O.
name: Fedorov, A. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum tomography is a widely applicable method for reconstructing unknown quantum states and processes. However, its applications in quantum technologies usually also require estimating the difference between prepared and target quantum states with reliable confidence intervals. In this work we suggest a computationally efficient and reliable scheme for determining well-justified error bars for quantum tomography. We approximate the probability distribution of the Hilbert-Schmidt distance between the target state and the estimation, which is given by the linear inversion, by calculating its two moments. We also present a generalization of this approach for quantum process tomography and deriving confidence intervals for affine functions. We benchmark our approach for a number of quantum tomography protocols using both simulation and demonstration with the use of a cloud-accessible quantum processor. The obtained results pave the way for the use of the suggested scheme for the complete characterization of quantum systems of various natures.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures, 4 tables
title: ADCO, Septième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (1661-1665), Cart. 29 (G 134), 996 folios, f. 0754
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Petot, Frédéric
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CG21/F.PETOT/2012
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge
subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris
subject: cartulaire
subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi

description: Septième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (1661-1665), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 29 (G 134), 996 folios, f. 0754, Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Septième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (1661-1665), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 29 (G 134), 996 folios, f. 0754, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https://manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: abbaye Saint-Étienne de Dijon
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q15945019
Version control and RDM with DataLad
Creators: name: Wagner, Adina S.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Version Control
Research data management
DataLad
git-annex
Git
Reproducibility

description: A two-hour workshop on using DataLad (datalad.org) for version controlling data and research data management, held at the two-day ReproNim Germany workshop for the DGPA.
Cognitive reappraisal attenuates the association between depressive symptoms and emotional response to stress during adolescence
Creators: name: Shapero, Benjamin G.
name: Stange, Jonathan P.
name: Brae Anne McArthur
name: Abramson, Lyn Y.
name: Alloy, Lauren B.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Depression is associated with increased emotional response to stress. This is especially the case during the developmental period of adolescence. Cognitive reappraisal is an effective emotion regulation strategy that has been shown to reduce the impact of emotional response on psychopathology. However, less is known about whether cognitive reappraisal impacts the relationship between depressive symptoms and emotional responses, and whether its effects are specific to emotional reactivity or emotional recovery. The current study examined whether cognitive reappraisal moderated the relationship between depressive symptoms and trait or state measures of emotional reactivity and recovery. A community sample of 127 adolescents (M-age = 15.28; 49% female, 47% Caucasian), at an age of risk for depression, completed self-report measures of trait emotional responding and depressive symptoms. In addition, they completed an in vivo social stress task and were assessed on state emotional reactivity and recovery from the stressor. Findings suggested that cognitive reappraisal was associated with an attenuated impact of depressive symptoms on trait and state emotional recovery. These results provide evidence that cognitive reappraisal may be an effective strategy for improving some aspects of emotional responding in relation to depressive symptoms among adolescents.
Grafting Propagation Techniques of Red Sandalwood (Pterocarpus santalinus), a Precious Hongmu Tree Species
Creators: name: HUANG Xiaonan
name: LI Yanming
name: LI Yiqing
name: LIU Tingting
name: CHEN Siting
name: XU Chengxiang
name: QIU Yingshan
name: LIANG Yesheng
name: HUANG Xiaonan
name: LI Yanming
name: LI Yiqing
name: LIU Tingting
name: CHEN Siting
name: XU Chengxiang
name: QIU Yingshan
name: LIANG Yesheng
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Pterocarpus santalinus, Grafting, Oblique grafting propagation, Cut grafting propagation, Skin grafting propagation

description: [Objectives] This article aimed to study the grafting propagation techniques of red sandalwood (Pterocarpus santalinus), so as to provide technical support for the effective propagation of seedlings of this precious Hongmu species. [Methods] Based on the analysis and comparison of the growth performance of the Hongmu tree species introduced to China, taking 1 to 2-year-old Pterocarpus indicus seedlings as rootstocks and single-bud stems of P. santalinus as scions, grafting was carried out from January to April using three grafting propagation methods, cut grafting propagation, skin grafting propagation and oblique grafting propagation. [Results] The results of several years of experiments show that in early spring, P. santalinus could be propagated well using the grafting propagation methods of skin grafting propagation and oblique grafting propagation, with survival rate over 80%. For rootstocks with young age or thin stems, the joint unions of the oblique grafting propagation healed well, without apparent protrusions, unlike those of skin grafting propagation. The survival rate of oblique grafting propagation that is fast and reliable was higher than that of cut grafting propagation. [Conclusions] It is feasible to use the grafting propagation methods to propagate P. santalinus seedlings. This is a traditional and innovative technology path in the in the propagation of high-quality seedlings of precious Hongmu trees, and can be promoted and applied in industrial practice.
High-detection efficiency and low-timing jitter with amorphous superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors
Creators: name: Caloz, Misael
name: Perrenoud, Matthieu
name: Autebert, Claire
name: Korzh, Boris
name: Weiss, Markus
name: Schönenberger, Christian
name: Warburton, Richard J.
name: Zbinden, Hugo
name: Bussières, Félix
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent progress in the development of superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPDs) made of amorphous material has delivered excellent performances, and has had a great impact on a range of research fields. Despite showing the highest system detection efficiency (SDE) ever reported with SNSPDs, amorphous materials typically lead to lower critical currents, which impacts on their jitter performance. Combining a very low jitter and a high SDE remains a challenge. Here, we report on highly efficient superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors based on amorphous MoSi, combining system jitters as low as 26 ps and a SDE of 80% at 1550 nm. We also report detailed observations on the jitter behaviour, which hints at intrinsic limitations and leads to practical implications for SNSPD performance.
Gravitational waves with dark matter minispikes: the combined effect
Creators: name: Yue, Xiao-Jun
name: Han, Wen-Biao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It was shown that the dark matter(DM) minihalo around an intermediate mass black hole(IMBH) can be redistributed into a cusp, called the DM minispike. We consider an intermediate-mass-ratio inspiral consisting of an IMBH harbored in a DM minispike with nonannihilating DM particles and a small black hole(BH) orbiting around it. We investigate gravitational waves(GWs) produced by this system and analyze the waveforms with the comprehensive consideration of gravitational pull, dynamical friction and accretion of the minispike and calculate the time difference and phase difference caused by it. We find that for a certain range of frequency, the inspiralling time of the system is dramatically reduced for smaller central IMBH and large density of DM. For the central IMBH with $10^5M_\odot$, the time of merger is ahead, which can be distinguished by LISA, Taiji and Tianqin. We focus on the effect of accretion and compare it with that of gravitational pull and friction. We find that the accretion mass is a small quantity compared to the initial mass of the small BH and the accretion effect is inconspicuous compared with friction. However, the accumulated phase shift caused by accretion is large enough to be detected by LISA, Taiji and Tianqin, which indicate that the accretion effect can not be ignored in the detection of GWs.
description: 10 pages, 14 figures
Boundary Value Problems for Dirac Operators on Graphs
Creators: name: Richtsfeld, Alberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We carry the index theory for manifolds with boundary of Bär and Ballmann over to first order differential operators on metric graphs. This approach results in a short proof for the index of such operators. Then the self-adjoint extensions and the spectrum of the Dirac operator on the complex line bundle are studied. We also introduce two types of boundary conditions for the Dirac operator, whose spectrum encodes information of the underlying topology of the graph.
Phase Structure of Lattice QCD at Finite Density with Dynamical Fermions
Creators: name: Barbour, I. M.
name: Kogut, J. B.
name: Morrison, S. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compare the chemical potential associated with the onset of non-zero baryon number density on $6^4$ and $8^4$ lattices at $β=5.1$ and ma=0.01. We provide evidence for $Z(3)$ tunnelling. We determine a critical chemical potential of $μa \simeq 0.1$ which is unexpectedly low. We also determine the dependence of the onset of the observed phase transition on the quark mass. The physically misleading result of the quenched theory is shown to persist despite the inclusion of the complex fermion determinant.
description: 3 pages, Latex, 5 postscript figures, Talk presented at LATTICE96(finite temperature)
Neutrino masses, leptogenesis and dark matter from small lepton number violation?
Creators: name: Abada, Asmaa
name: Arcadi, Giorgio
name: Domcke, Valerie
name: Lucente, Michele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the possibility of simultaneously addressing the baryon asymmetry of the Universe, the dark matter problem and the neutrino mass generation in minimal extensions of the Standard Model via sterile fermions with (small) total lepton number violation. Within the framework of Inverse and Linear Seesaw models, the small lepton number violating parameters set the mass scale of the active neutrinos, the efficiency of leptogenesis through a small mass splitting between pairs of sterile fermions as well as the mass scale of a sterile neutrino dark matter candidate. We provide an improved parametrization of these seesaw models taking into account existing experimental constraints and derive a linearized system of Boltzmann equations to describe the leptogenesis process, which allows for an efficient investigation of the parameter space. This in particular enables us to perform a systematic study of the strong washout regime of leptogenesis. Our study reveals that one can have a successful leptogenesis at the temperature of the electroweak scale through oscillations between two sterile states with a natural origin of the (necessary) strong degeneracy in their mass spectrum. The minimal model however requires a non-standard cosmological history to account for the relic dark matter. Finally, we discuss the prospect for neutrinoless double beta decay and for testing, in future experiments, the values of mass and different active-sterile mixings required for successful leptogenesis.
description: 35 pages plus appendices, 23 figures. v2: references added, typos corrected
Storage of polarization-entangled THz-bandwidth photons in a diamond quantum memory
Creators: name: Fisher, Kent A. G.
name: England, Duncan G.
name: MacLean, Jean-Philippe W.
name: Bustard, Philip J.
name: Heshami, Khabat
name: Resch, Kevin J.
name: Sussman, Benjamin J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bulk diamond phonons have been shown to be a versatile platform for the generation, storage, and manipulation of high-bandwidth quantum states of light. Here we demonstrate a diamond quantum memory that stores, and releases on demand, an arbitrarily polarized $\sim$250 fs duration photonic qubit. The single-mode nature of the memory is overcome by mapping the two degrees of polarization of the qubit, via Raman transitions, onto two spatially distinct optical phonon modes located in the same diamond crystal. The two modes are coherently recombined upon retrieval and quantum process tomography confirms that the memory faithfully reproduces the input state with average fidelity $0.784\pm0.004$ with a total memory efficiency of $(0.76\pm0.03)\%$. In an additional demonstration, one photon of a polarization-entangled pair is stored in the memory. We report that entanglement persists in the retrieved state for up to 1.3 ps of storage time. These results demonstrate that the diamond phonon platform can be used in concert with polarization qubits, a key requirement for polarization-encoded photonic processing.