cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
AdS/BCFT Correspondence for Higher Curvature Gravity: An Example
Creators: name: Kwon, Yongjoon
name: Nam, Soonkeon
name: Park, Jong-Dae
name: Yi, Sang-Heon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the effects of higher curvature terms on a holographic dual description of boundary conformal field theory. Specifically, we consider three-dimensional gravity with a specific combination of Ricci tensor square and curvature scalar square, so called, new massive gravity. We show that a boundary entropy and an entanglement entropy are given by similar expression with those of the Einstein gravity case when we introduce an {\it effective} Newton's constant and an {\it effective} cosmological constant. We also show that the holographic g-theorem still holds in this extension, and we give some comments about the central charge dependence of boundary entropy in the holographic construction. In the same way, we consider new type black holes and comment on the boundary profile. Moreover, we reproduce these results through auxiliary field formalism in this specific higher curvature gravity.
description: 27pages, minor corrections, accepted in JHEP
title: Synergien zwischen KI und menschlicher Expertise: Online-Sichtbarkeitsoptimierung durch Text-Transformation
Creators: name: Sirvend, Bastian
name: Stahlkopf, Alexander
name: Bäumer, Frederik S.
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Künstliche Intelligenz
subject: SEO
subject: Online Marketing

description: Dieser Praxisbericht stellt die Synergien zwischen KI und menschlicher Expertise bei der Online-Sichtbarkeitsoptimierung durch Text-Transformation dar. Es wird gezeigt, wie KI, insbesondere große Sprachmodelle, bei der Suchmaschinenoptimierung bestehender Texte unterstützt und gleichzeitig der „Human in the Loop“-Ansatz gewahrt wird. Eine effektive Integration in Prozesse und Content-Management-Systeme spielt hierbei eine wichtige Rolle. Wir sind davon überzeugt, dass es trotz aufstrebender KI-Lösungen im Enterprise-Umfeld den „Human in the Loop“-Ansatz bedarf.
Kernel functions and Bäcklund transformations for relativistic Calogero-Moser and Toda systems
Creators: name: Hallnäs, Martin
name: Ruijsenaars, Simon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We obtain kernel functions associated with the quantum relativistic Toda systems, both for the periodic version and for the nonperiodic version with its dual. This involves taking limits of previously known results concerning kernel functions for the elliptic and hyperbolic relativistic Calogero-Moser systems. We show that the special kernel functions at issue admit a limit that yields generating functions of Bäcklund transformations for the classical relativistic Calogero-Moser and Toda systems. We also obtain the nonrelativistic counterparts of our results, which tie in with previous results in the literature.
description: 76 pages
SOSA: The Scalable Open-Source Analysis Stack
Creators: name: Bednar, James A.
name: Durant, Martin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Are you inspired by the Pangeo.io geoscience software stack and want to help spread it to adjacent (or even far distant) areas of science? Tell them about SOSA: The Scalable Open-Source Analysis Stack. Most of the core tools used in Pangeo are completely general, by design, and together the domain-independent tools form a complete, flexible, and high-performance stack ready for doing science, engineering, and analysis at any scale from a laptop to a supercomputer. Here I will introduce the idea of SOSA, talk about the tools that make it up, and list 11 different characteristics of SOSA tools that make them good building blocks for constructing any scientific stack. Let's get the whole world of science on board with the core of Pangeo, so that these tools can be even more well supported and shared universally!
How often are children affected by acute respiratory infections? : frequency and symptom burden of acute respiratory infections in the first two years of life by using symptom diaries in the LöwenKIDS study
Creators: name: Langer, Susan
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 610

description: Background: Most acute respiratory infections (ARI) during childhood are not severe, but they cause a high disease burden. We want to give an overview of birth cohort studies using symptom diaries to recordARI, determine the frequency of ARI and identify risk factors. Methods: First, we conducted a scoping review to identify all birth cohorts. Second, we analyzed all ARI in a sample of participants (n=288; 37%), with almost complete diary entries from our LöwenKIDS birth cohort study. Results: We found 22 birth cohort studies worldwide using symptom diaries starting from birth to identify ARI. In our study, on average 13.7 ARI (median: 14.0, IQR: 10-17) were reported in the first two years of life. Attending daycare and having siblings were associated with an increased frequency of ARI. Conclusion: We give an overview of birth cohort studies and provide insight into the symptom burden of ARI in children during the first two years of life.
description: Hintergrund: Akute respiratorische Infektionen (ARI) sind im Kindesalter mit einer hohen Krankheitslast verbunden. Ziel der Arbeit war es, einen Überblick über alle Geburtskohortenstudien mit Symptomtagebuch-Ansatz zur Erfassung von ARI und die Häufigkeit von ARI, sowie möglichen Risikofaktoren im Kindesalter zu identifizieren. Methoden: Zu Beginn wurde ein Scoping Review durchgeführt und anschließend Daten der LöwenKIDS-Kohorte, mit nahezu vollständigen Tagebucheinträgen (288, 37%) ausgewertet. Ergebnisse: Es konnten 22 Geburtskohorten weltweit identifiziert werden, die Symptomtagebücher ab der Geburt zur Bestimmung von ARI verwenden. Im Durchschnitt wurden 13,7 ARI (Median: 14,0, IQR: 10-17) in den ersten zwei Lebensjahren berichtet. Besuch einer Kindertagesstätte und Geschwisterkinder waren mit einem erhöhten Auftreten von ARI verbunden. Schlussfolgerung: Diese Arbeit gibt einen Überblick über Geburtskohortenstudien und erfasst die Häufigkeit der ARI in den ersten zwei Lebensjahren.
title: Nutzung von elektronischen Katalogformaten in öffentlichen Beschaffungsverfahren
Creators: name: Pauken, Cedric
name: Schmitz, Andreas
name: Wimmer, Maria A.
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: öffentliche Beschaffungsverfahren
subject: elektronische Beschaffung
subject: elektronische Kataloge
subject: Katalogstandards
subject: UBL-Syntaxmamming
subject: Peppol
subject: BMEcat

description: Die öffentliche elektronische Beschaffung sieht sich derzeitig mit einer Vielzahl an Herausforderungen wie einer unstrukturierten pre-award Phase, einem nicht regulierten Übergang zwischen pre- und post-award und einer Vielzahl von Barrieren für kleine und mittlere Unternehmen (KMU) konfrontiert. Ziel dieses Beitrags ist es, zu analysieren, inwieweit die Nutzung elektronischer Kataloge zu einer Bewältigung aktueller Herausforderungen in öffentlichen Beschaffungsverfahren beitragen kann. Dazu wird Design Science Research als übergeordnetes Forschungsparadigma verwendet, um im Rahmen des Rigor Cycles mit einer Literaturanalyse das wissenschaftliche Fundament des Beitrags abzusichern und im Rahmen des Relevance Cycles den Bezug zum relevanten Anwendungskontext deutscher Beschaffungsverfahren zu gewährleisten. Praxisbeispiele aus Europa zeigen, dass die identifizierten Herausforderungen durch elektronische Kataloge erfolgreich bewältigt werden können. Ihre Nutzung ist daher empfehlenswert. Als Lösungsbaustein für die Nutzung elektronischer Kataloge in Deutschland wird im Design Cycle ein UBL-Syntaxmapping zwischen dem Peppol pre-award Catalogue und dem deutschen post-award BMEcat mit positivem Ergebnis durchgeführt.
title: Nolan, Dennis E.
title: Nolan, Dennis E.
Creators: name: Stout, Mark
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nolan, Dennis E.
subject: Nolan, Dennis Edward, 1872-1956

description: Dennis E. Nolan was the chief intelligence officer for the American Expeditionary Forces in France under General John J. Pershing. Starting as the only intelligence officer on Pershing’s staff, Nolan built from scratch an intelligence organization of some 300 people that ably supported Pershing and worked with more experienced French and British colleagues.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
Amphibian_FOXP3_NT_aligmnent.txt
Creators: name: Clemons, Rebecca
name: Zamudio, Kelly R.
name: Smith, Chase H.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 310507
subject: Genetic immunology

description: The overall structure of the immune system is highly conserved across vertebrates, but characterization and description of the immune system is heavily biased toward mammals. One arm of the vertebrate immune system, the adaptive immune system, mounts pathogen-specific responses that tend to be robust and effective at clearing pathogens. This system requires selection against self-recognition and modulation of the immune response. One of the mechanisms of immune modulation is the presence of regulatory T cells that suppress other effector immune cells. Regulatory T cells and their primary activator forkhead box protein P3 (FOXP3) have been well characterized in mammalian models but unexplored in most other vertebrate taxa. Amphibians are a good focal group for the characterization of FOXP3 due to their phylogenetic position on the vertebrate tree of life, and their susceptibility to emerging pathogens. In this study, we mine available transcriptomic and genomic data to confirm the presence of FOXP3 across the amphibian tree of life. We find that FOXP3 is present in all major clades of amphibians. We also find evidence of intensified selection among anurans compared to salamanders and caecilians, which may reflect exposure to emerging diseases that primarily impact anurans. Our findings provide insights into the evolutionary history of the vertebrate immune system and confirm the conservation of vertebrate immune genes within amphibians.
Assessment and evaluation practices in a pediatric dentistry clinical education setting
Creators: name: Wong, Tracy Jean
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: In clinical teaching and learning settings, there is a need for assessment and evaluation practices to be focused on students' overall performance during patient care, not just technical skills in Dentistry. Competency-based education is intended to provide the framework for dental education at The University of British Columbia (UBC) in terms of curriculum content and assessment of student learning outcomes. Clinical instruction in disciplines such as Pediatric Dentistry depends on clinical practitioner-instructors who have potential to make important contributions to student development. Although they bring strengths as disciplinary experts immersed in the realities of dental practice, most are not well versed in research-based instructional strategies to engage students in critical thinking and self-directed learning for the rigours of independent practice. In a qualitative study, data were collected by the author (resident Program Coordinator of the UBC Children's Dental Program) through interviews, observation in teaching clinics, and review of documentation to inform the scope and nature of assessment and evaluation practices in the clinical educational settings of Pediatric Dentistry at UBC. Interview data also provided reflections about how clinical practitioner-instructors understand their practice. Data collected were analyzed using principles of grounded theory and merged into themes drawn from the conceptual framework of Hubball and Burt (2004) as well as the use of the UBC Faculty of Dentistry patient care performance criteria and standards for student learning. Assessment and evaluation practices in clinical settings typically ranged from predominantly directive methods (e.g. traditional teacher-driven and skills-based) that clinical practitioner-instructors experienced themselves as students, to occasional learning-centred methods (e.g. instructor questioning, self-analysis, and reflection) supported by current literature. While clinical practitioner-instructors recognized the importance of student confidence and safety of patient care, most were unfamiliar with authentic methods of assessment and evaluation for competency-based dental education. Further, there was little reflection or collaboration within the community of practitioners about the effectiveness of assessment methods. These results and a research-informed approach will guide planning of faculty development initiatives (e.g., learning communities focused on learning-centred assessment and evaluation strategies) for clinical practitioner-instructors.
title: State of the Art Open Access Remote Sensing with ESA Sentinel 1 SAR Data
Creators: name: McClelland, Jennifer
name: Riedel, Tanja
name: Beyer, Florian
name: Gerighausen, Heike
name: Golla, Burkhard
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Sentinel-1 SAR
subject: Analysis ready data
subject: Agriculture
subject: Open access technologies
subject: Geoinformation systems

description: Tackling the consequences of climate change has become a global issue. Climate change will clearly influence our common lifestyle enormously in near future. This involves increasingly frequent sudden weather changes and extreme temperatures as well as drastic changes in water quality and availability. Because of our constant growing global population, nutritional habits and agricultural practices, the share of the agricultural impact on global anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions take on an estimated 10-12 %. At the same time, fulfilling the agricultural demand is becoming increasingly challenging due to unpredictable farming conditions. Without immediate collaborative efforts including focused research, employment and adaption of state of the art technologies, this issue will not be tackled soon enough, to avoid massive limitations and enormous losses. A very promising large-scale technology to monitor agricultural ecosystems and activities is by means of earth observation imagery derived by Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR). Radar backscatter e.g. allows insights to crop conditions, soil properties and direct mapping of vegetation growth. Open access technologies offer the best solutions for collaborative efforts, thus minimising financial and legal constraints in comparison to technologies residing in the commercial sector. Here, we combine and build on state-of-the-art tools and technologies to provide an easy to employ Sentinel-1 SAR pre-processing tool as well as a Germany wide, open access, pre-processed, analysis- ready database of Sentinel-1 SAR data. All tools used and developed are open source and freely available. With the employment of modern software developing methods and tools for a scalable and maintainable architecture, these products can be easily extended and adapted. By deployment of up to date machine learning methods, combining the resulting datasets with other relevant parameters, not to say the least, e.g. early prediction of optimal sowing, harvesting and fertilisation time points can be determined as well as many more valuable insights for successful, resource-efficient and environmentally friendly farming. Furthermore, the pre-processing of SAR datasets is not only substantial for the field of agriculture but for a wide range of other fields concerning environmental observations.
Online in-situ X-ray diffraction setup for structural modification studies during swift heavy ion irradiation
Creators: name: Grygiel, C.
name: Lebius, H.
name: Bouffard, S.
name: Quentin, A.
name: Ramillon, J. M.
name: Madi, T.
name: Guillous, S.
name: Been, T.
name: Guinement, P.
name: Lelievre, D.
name: Monnet, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The high energy density of electronic excitations due to the impact of swift heavy ions can induce structural modifications in materials. We present a X-ray diffractometer called ALIX, which has been set up at the low-energy IRRSUD beamline of the GANIL facility, to allow the study of structural modification kinetics as a function of the ion fluence. The X-ray setup has been modified and optimized to enable irradiation by swift heavy ions simultaneously to X-ray pattern recording. We present the capability of ALIX to perform simultaneous irradiation - diffraction by using energy discrimination between X-rays from diffraction and from ion-target interaction. To illustrate its potential, results of sequential or simultaneous irradiation - diffraction are presented in this article to show radiation effects on the structural properties of ceramics. Phase transition kinetics have been studied during xenon ion irradiation of polycrystalline MgO and SrTiO3. We have observed that MgO oxide is radiation-resistant to high electronic excitations, contrary to the high sensitivity of SrTiO3, which exhibits transition from the crystalline to the amorphous state during irradiation. By interpreting the amorphization kinetics of SrTiO3, defect overlapping models are discussed as well as latent track characteristics. Together with a transmission electron microscopy study, we conclude that a single impact model describes the phase transition mechanism.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures, Accepted to Review of Scientific Instruments
title: Dual Power
title: Dual Power
Creators: name: Peeling, Siobhan
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Februarrevolution
subject: Russia--History--February Revolution, 1917

description: In February 1917 two centres of power emerged to replace the tsarist government: the Provisional Government and the Petrograd Soviet. The Provisional Government had formal authority but the Soviet controlled the actual levers of power, including the loyalty of the troops, and offered only conditional support to the government.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
title: Entscheidungsbäume erstellen ab Klasse
Creators: name: Podworny, Susanne
name: Fleischer, Yannik
name: Biehler, Rolf
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik e.V.
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: machine learning
subject: Unterricht
subject: Unplugged Aktivitäten
subject: KI in der Schule

description: Entscheidungsbäume können eine Methode sein, die den steigenden Bedarf an schulischen Lerninhalten zu KI bedienen. Im ProDaBi-Projekt wird Unterrichtsmaterial entwickelt, erprobt und beforscht, um datenbasiert Entscheidungsbäume mit Datenkarten ab Klasse 6 zu lehren. Evaluationen zeigen positive Ergebnisse zum Verstehen und Anwenden von Entscheidungsbäumen von Lernenden. Dies kann einen ersten Schriftt für KI-Verständnis im Schulcurriculum legen.
Light Curve Modeling of Superluminous Supernova 2006gy: Collision between Supernova Ejecta and Dense Circumstellar Medium
Creators: name: Moriya, Takashi J.
name: Blinnikov, Sergei I.
name: Tominaga, Nozomu
name: Yoshida, Naoki
name: Tanaka, Masaomi
name: Maeda, Keiichi
name: Nomoto, Ken'ichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show model light curves of superluminous supernova 2006gy on the assumption that the supernova is powered by the collision of supernova ejecta and its dense circumstellar medium. The initial conditions are constructed based on the shock breakout condition, assuming that the circumstellar medium is dense enough to cause the shock breakout within it. We perform a set of numerical light curve calculations by using a one-dimensional multigroup radiation hydrodynamics code STELLA. We succeeded in reproducing the overall features of the early light curve of SN 2006gy with the circumstellar medium whose mass is about 15 Msun (the average mass-loss rate ~ 0.1 Msun/yr). Thus, the progenitor of SN 2006gy is likely a very massive star. The density profile of the circumstellar medium is not well constrained by the light curve modeling only, but our modeling disfavors the circumstellar medium formed by steady mass loss. The ejecta mass is estimated to be comparable to or less than 15 Msun and the explosion energy is expected to be more than 4e51 erg. No 56Ni is required to explain the early light curve. We find that the multidimensional effect, e.g., the Rayleigh-Taylor instability, which is expected to take place in the cool dense shell between the supernova ejecta and the dense circumstellar medium, is important in understanding supernovae powered by the shock interaction. We also show the evolution of the optical and near-infrared model light curves of high-redshift superluminous supernovae. They can be potentially used to identify SN 2006gy-like superluminous supernovae in the future optical and near-infrared transient surveys.
description: 18 pages, 19 figures, 2 tables, accepted by Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
title: Easter Rising (Great Britain and Ireland)
title: Easter Rising (Great Britain and Ireland)
Creators: name: McGarry, Fearghal
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Osteraufstand
subject: Ireland--History--Easter Rising, 1916

description: Although a military failure, the 1916 rebellion transformed Ireland by destroying the possibility of a political settlement between Irish nationalists and the British state and by popularising a republican movement prepared to use violence to achieve independence. This essay surveys the political background to the Easter Rising, its planning, the motivations and ideology of the rebels and the battle for Dublin. It concludes by assessing the Rising’s political impact and briefly summarising historiographical interpretations and commemorative trends. It argues that the origins, conduct, impact and aftermath of the insurrection are best understood within the wider context of the First World War.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
title: Venizelos, Eleutherios
title: Venizelos, Eleutherios
Creators: name: Lemonidou, Elli
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Benizelos, Eleutherios
subject: Venizelos, Eleutherios, 1864-1936

description: One of the most prominent and important statesmen in modern Greek history, Eleutherios Venizelos full-heartedly favored Greek participation in World War I on the side of the Entente. This caused tension with King Constantine I, who favored neutrality. Venizelos finally succeeded in his goal in 1917, when Greece officially joined the Entente alliance.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
title: Remarque, Erich Maria
title: Remarque, Erich Maria
Creators: name: Schneider, Thomas
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Remarque, Erich Maria
subject: Remarque, Erich Maria, 1898-1970

description: Erich Maria Remarque was a German writer and pacifist who became world-famous for his anti-war novel ''Im Westen nichts Neues'' (''All Quiet on the Western Front'') (1928).
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
data from Optimized preparation of activated carbon with high porosities based on puck shells (Afrostyrax lepidophyllus) by response surface methodology and physico-chemical characterization
Creators: name: Nzetchuen Kouahou, Gédéon
name: Fotsop, Cyrille Ghislain
name: Adoum Amola, Liouna
name: Donlifack Atemkeng, Cyrille
name: Kamdem Tamo, Arnaud
name: Teikam Kenda, Georges
name: TIEGAM TAGNE, Rufis Fregue
name: Kamgaing, Theophile
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 340204
subject: Inorganic green chemistry
classificationCode: 340299
subject: Inorganic chemistry not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 340504
subject: Organic green chemistry
classificationCode: 340699
subject: Physical chemistry not elsewhere classified

description: contains an in-depht description of handling protocol and tables presenting the experimental data which were used to plot certain curves of this paper. The handly protocol of activated carbon preparation, for the determination of iodine number, of Boehm method and for the pHZPC presents the meticulous details with which the manipulation was carried out and the assumptions used to determine the surface functions of the materials.
Market size, linkages, and productivity: A study of Japanese regions
Creators: name: Davis, Donald R.
name: Weinstein, David E.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2002
Subjects: Economics

description: One account of spatial concentration focuses on productivity advantages arising from market size. We investigate this for forty regions of Japan. Our results identify important effects of a region's own size, as well as cost linkages between producers and suppliers of inputs. Productivity links to a more general form of "market potential" or Marshall-Arrow-Romer externalities do not appear to be robust in our data. Landlocked status does not matter for productivity of regions in Japan. The effects we identify are economically quite important, accounting for a substantial portion of cross-regional productivity differences. A simple counterfactual shows that if economic activity were spread evenly over the forty regions of Japan, aggregate output would fall by nearly twenty percent.
Defect Solitons in Parity-Time Symmetric Optical Lattices with Nonlocal Nonlinearity
Creators: name: Hu, Sumei
name: Ma, Xuekai
name: Lu, Daquan
name: Zheng, Yizhou
name: Hu, Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The existence and stability of defect solitons in parity-time (PT) symmetric optical lattices with nonlocal nonlinearity are reported. It is found that nonlocality can expand the stability region of defect solitons. For positive or zero defects, fundamental and dipole solitons can exist stably in the semi-infinite gap and the first gap, respectively. For negative defects, fundamental solitons can be stable in both the semi-infinite gap and the first gap, whereas dipole solitons are unstable in the first gap. There exist a maximum degree of nonlocal nonlinearity, above which the fundamental solitons in the semi-infinite gap and the dipole solitons in the first gap do not exist for negative defects. The influence of the imaginary part of the PT-symmetric potentials on soliton stability is given. When the modulation depth of the PT-symmetric lattices is small, defect solitons can be stable for positive and zero defects, even if the PT-symmetric potential is above the phase transition point.
description: 7 pages, 11 Figures, Accepted by Phy.Rev.A
KI catalyzed C–H functionalization of acetone for the synthesis of 2-oxopropyl hetero-aromatic carboxylates
Creators: name: Zhou, Xiao-Yu
name: Chen, Xia
name: Liu, Hai-Long
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Mental Health
subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: KI catalyzed C–H functionalization of acetone with hetero-aromatic carboxylic acids has been developed. With potassium iodide as catalyst and sodium chlorite as oxidant, cascade reaction including α-H electrophilic substitution of acetone and nucleophilic substitution of iodoacetone occur smoothly. 2-Oxopropyl hetero-aromatic carboxylates are obtained with the good to excellent yields.
title: Hemingway, Ernest
title: Hemingway, Ernest
Creators: name: Vernon, Alex
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Hemingway, Ernest
subject: Hemingway, Ernest, 1899-1961

description: Ernest Hemingway was an American who served as a Red Cross ambulance lieutenant in Italy in 1918. He was severely wounded after spending only a few weeks at the front. He later became one of the most renowned American writers, winning the Nobel Prize for literature in 1954.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
An Explorative Study on Norwegian Users' Understandings and Practices of Vacuum Toilet Systems in Private and Semi-Private Residences
Creators: name: Amandeep Kaur Bhatti
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: Sustainability and sustainable development are prominent topics of interest in the world. The sixth and eleventh targets of the Sustainable Development Goals are to have adequate clean water and hygiene and have sustainable communities, respectively. Vacuum toilet systems save water and can facilitate nutrient recovery thus they aid at sustainability at a community level. The purposes of this thesis were to 1) Describe the perceptions, knowledge, and beliefs Norwegians have of vacuum toilet systems in comparison to conventional flush toilets; 2) Explore external factors influencing routine practices towards vacuum toilet use; 3) Identify key barriers to vacuum toilet system acceptance; and 4) Identify comfort levels regarding the possible integration of the model of ecological sanitation in residences. A qualitative research study was completed through the use of in-depth interviews for data collection among vacuum toilet users in the Norwegian communities of Kaja, Ås and Torvetua, Bergen. Interview transcripts were analysed using a thematic approach to understand the practices of the vacuum toilet system and identify factors that influenced the practices and perspectives of vacuum toilet system users. Concepts rooted in the social sciences were used as analytical tools to interpret the data. Technical aspects and personal practice were found to have influenced the users’ perceptions and practice of the system, and future development of vacuum systems. Technical complications and the blueprint of the vacuum system significantly affected users’ practices and experiences. Semi-private or private residency status was a factor in the practice and perceptions of vacuum toilet systems. Noise from the vacuum toilets, and smell from the holding tanks, were reported to be the key aspects participants reported for not accepting vacuum toilet systems for future development. The research study concludes that despite the complications and concerns, the users were overall satisfied with the vacuum toilet system. Going forward, it is important to consider the implications of the technical aspects of the vacuum toilet systems in both communities in conjunction with user practice and experience. Further improvement of the vacuum toilets should specifically be rooted in addressing noise and the technical complications with the system to enhance user compliance and acceptance.
Education's Role in Explaining Diabetic Health Investment Differentials
Creators: name: Kahn, Matthew E.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1996
Subjects: Education
Public health

description: Diabetic tight blood sugar control minimizes the likelihood of complications. This study focuses on quantifying education's role in explaining diabetic investment in health capital. Ability and information proxies are used to test whether education's positive effect on diabetic compliance is causal. The paper's key finding is that education continues to have a positive impact on diabetic health investment even after controlling for IQ and available information.
Password Authentication Scheme with Secured Login Interface
Creators: name: Akinwale, A. T.
name: Ibharalu, F. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper presents a novel solution to the age long problem of password security at input level. In our solution, each of the various characters from which a password could be composed is encoded with a random single digit integer and presented to the user via an input interface form. A legitimate user entering his password only needs to carefully study the sequence of code that describe his password, and then enter these code in place of his actual password characters. This approach does not require the input code to be hidden from anyone or converted to placeholder characters for security reasons. Our solution engine regenerates new code for each character each time the carriage return key is struck, producing a hardened password that is convincingly more secure than conventional password entry system against both online and offline attackers. Using empirical data and a prototype implementation of our scheme, we give evidence that our approach is viable in practice, in terms of ease of use, improved security, and performance.
description: 9 pages
Data inclusivity and user needs for the global south
Creators: name: , Elegbede
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: It is critical that the contributions of the global south to science be recognized and that its researchers have access to cutting-edge resources. In today's world, promoting open, reproducible, and scalable science necessitates data inclusivity. Yet, ensuring data is available to everybody and satisfying user demands in the global south may be tough. We will look at a variety of methods for encouraging open science in developing countries and ensuring data accessibility in the global south during this discussion. It explores the hurdles to data inclusion, such as restricted access to high-speed internet and poor digital literacy, and considers solutions to remove these barriers, such as providing low-cost internet access, delivering training programs, and investing in infrastructure and finance. The seminar also discusses approaches to meet consumer desires in the global south, such as communicating with communities and using technology such as mobile devices. Lastly, it evaluates the advantages of supporting open science and investigates alternative tactics to accomplish it, such as developing inclusion councils and fostering a feeling of belonging within the community. The conclusion underscores the significance of data inclusion and open research for supporting equitable access to information and sustainable development in the global south.
Single pulse analysis of PSR B1133+16 at 8.35 GHz and carousel circulation time
Creators: name: Honnappa, Sneha
name: Lewandowski, Wojciech
name: Kijak, Jaroslaw
name: Deshpande, Avinash A.
name: Gil, Janusz
name: Maron, Olaf
name: Jessner, Axel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A successful attempt was made to analyse about 6000 single pulses of PSR B1133+16 obtained with the 100-meter Effelsberg radio-telescope. The high resolution (60 micro-seconds) data were taken at a frequency of 8.35 GHz with a bandwidth of 1.1 GHz. In order to examine the pulse-to-pulse intensity modulations, we performed both the longitude- and the harmonic-resolved fluctuation spectral analysis. We identified the low frequency feature associated with an amplitude modulation at f4 ~ 0.033 P1^(-1), which can be interpreted as the circulation time P4 ~ 30 P1 of the underlying subbeam carousel model. Despite an erratic nature of this pulsar, we also found an evidence of periodic pseudo-nulls with P4 = 28.44 P1. This is exactly the value at which Herfindal & Rankin found periodic pseudo-nulls in their 327 MHz data. We thus believe that this is the actual carousel circulation time in PSR B1133+16, particularly during orderly circulation.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, accepted to MNRAS
title: Ethnic Minorities at War (USA)
title: Ethnic Minorities at War (USA)
Creators: name: Laskin, David
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: USA
subject: Weltkrieg [1914-1918]
subject: Nationale Minderheit
subject: World War, 1914-1918--United States
subject: United States--Ethnic relations

description: The First World War was a watershed experience for the ethnic minorities who had come to the United States in record numbers at the turn of the last century. Though the overwhelming majority of immigrants supported their adoptive country both on the battlefield and on the home front, the United States government cracked down on enemy aliens with some of the most harshly repressive measures in American history. The Great War significantly hastened the assimilation of foreign-born soldiers and their families, changed United States immigration law, and influenced the way immigrants and enemy aliens were treated during the Second World War.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
Exploring the functional composition of the human microbiome using a hand-curated microbial trait database
Creators: name: Weissman, Jake L.
name: Dogra, Sonia
name: Javadi, Keyan
name: Bolten, Samantha
name: Flint, Rachel
name: Davati, Cyrus
name: Beattie, Jess
name: Dixit, Keshav
name: Peesay, Tejasvi
name: Awan, Shehar
name: Thielen, Peter
name: Breitwieser, Florian
name: Johnson, Philip L. F.
name: Karig, David
name: Fagan, William F.
name: Bewick, Sharon
Publisher: name: Springer Nature
Year: 2021
Subjects: Trait database
Functional community
Random forest
Phylogenetic correction

description: Even when microbial communities vary wildly in their taxonomic composition, their functional composition is often surprisingly stable. This suggests that a functional perspective could provide much deeper insight into the principles governing microbiome assembly. Much work to date analyzing the functional composition of microbial communities, however, relies heavily on inference from genomic features. Unfortunately, output from these methods can be hard to interpret and often suffers from relatively high error rates. We built and analyzed a domain-specific microbial trait database from known microbe-trait pairs recorded in the literature to better understand the functional composition of the human microbiome. Using a combination of phylogentically conscious machine learning tools and a network science approach, we were able to link particular traits to areas of the human body, discover traits that determine the range of body areas a microbe can inhabit, and uncover drivers of metabolic breadth. Domain-specific trait databases are an effective compromise between noisy methods to infer complex traits from genomic data and exhaustive, expensive attempts at database curation from the literature that do not focus on any one subset of taxa. They provide an accurate account of microbial traits and, by limiting the number of taxa considered, are feasible to build within a reasonable time-frame. We present a database specific for the human microbiome, in the hopes that this will prove useful for research into the functional composition of human-associated microbial communities.
MRT-basierte Untersuchung der Verteilungsmuster und Charakteristiken von Gefäßanomalien der Becken-Bein-Region
Creators: name: Goldann, Constantin Immanuel
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 610

description: Diese Arbeit umfasst die Ergebnisse zweier retrospektiver Studien an einem Datensatz von 378 Patienten mit Gefäßmalformationen in der Becken-Bein-Region, bei denen in einem Zeitraum von sechs Jahren eine hochauflösende 3 Tesla MRT-Bildgebung erfolgte. In der ersten Studie wurde bei Patienten mit venösen Malformationen nach einer Beteiligung des N. ischiadicus gesucht und diese unter besonderer Berücksichtigung von Verteilungs- und Infiltrationsmustern der venösen Malformation systematisch charakterisiert. Die zweite Studie befasst sich mit allen Typen von Gefäßmalformationen hinsichtlich ihrer Prävalenz und Verteilungsmuster am inneren und äußeren Genitale. Aus beiden Studien lassen sich Empfehlungen für die systematische Untersuchung von Patienten mit Gefäßmalformationen in der Becken-Beim-Region mithilfe hochauflösender MRT-Bildgebung ableiten, deren Ergebnisse eine interdisziplinäre Therapie maßgeblich beeinflussen sollten.
description: This dissertation comprises the results of two retrospective studies conducted on a retrospective dataset of 378 patients with vascular malformations in the pelvis and thigh region gathered over a period of six years including high resolution 3 Tesla magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. In the first study, an involvement of the sciatic nerve in venous malformations was investigated. Patterns of malformation distribution and nerve infiltration were characterized systematically. The second study examined the prevalence and distribution patterns of vascular malformations in the genital region. From both studies, recommendations can be deduced for a systematic examination using high resolution MR imaging in patients with vascular malformations of the pelvis and thigh region as they can have substantial impact on interdisciplinary therapeutic decision making.
The Central-Bank Balance Sheet As an Instrument of Monetary Policy
Creators: name: Curdia, Vasco
name: Woodford, Michael
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: Economics
Finance

description: While many analyses of monetary policy consider only the adjustment of a central bank's target for a short-term nominal interest rate, other dimensions of policy have recently been of greater importance: changes in the supply of bank reserves beyond those required to achieve an interest-rate target, changes in the assets acquired by central banks, and changes in the interest rate paid on reserves. We extend a standard New Keynesian model to allow a role for the central bank's balance sheet in equilibrium determination, and consider the connections between these alternative dimensions of policy and traditional interest-rate policy. We distinguish between "quantitative easing" in the strict sense and targeted asset purchases by a central bank, and argue that while the former is likely be ineffective at all times, the latter dimension of policy can be effective when financial markets are sufficiently disrupted. Neither is a perfect substitute for conventional interest-rate policy, but purchases of illiquid assets are particularly likely to improve welfare when the zero lower bound on the policy rate is reached. We also consider optimal policy with regard to the payment of interest on reserves, and argue that the interest rate on reserves should be kept near the central bank's target for the policy rate at all times.
Targeting the Apoa1 locus for liver-directed gene therapy
Creators: name: De Giorgi, Marco
name: Li, Ang
name: Hurley, Ayrea
name: Barzi, Mercedes
name: Doerfler, Alexandria
name: Cherayil, Nikitha
name: Smith, Harrison
name: Brown, Jonathan
name: Lin, Charles
name: Bissig, Karl-Dimiter
name: Bao, Gang
name: R. Lagor, William
Publisher: name: Health Research Alliance
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 320601
subject: Gene and molecular therapy

description: Clinical application of somatic genome editing requires therapeutics
that are generalizable to a broad range of patients. Targeted
insertion of promoterless transgenes can ensure that edits
are permanent and broadly applicable while minimizing risks of
off-target integration. In the liver, the Albumin (Alb) locus is
currently the only well-characterized site for promoterless transgene
insertion. Here, we target the Apoa1 locus with adeno-associated
viral (AAV) delivery of CRISPR-Cas9 and achieve rates of
6% to 16% of targeted hepatocytes, with no evidence of toxicity.
We further show that the endogenous Apoa1 promoter can drive
robust and sustained expression of therapeutic proteins, such as
apolipoprotein E (APOE), dramatically reducing plasma lipids
in a model of hypercholesterolemia. Finally, we demonstrate
that Apoa1-targeted fumarylacetoacetate hydrolase (FAH) can
correct and rescue the severe metabolic liver disease hereditary
tyrosinemia type I. In summary, we identify and validate
Apoa1 as a novel integration site that supports durable transgene
expression in the liver for gene therapy applications.
Quantum statistical mechanics in infinitely extended systems ($C^*$ algebraic approach)
Creators: name: Tasaki, Shuichi
name: Ajisaka, Shigeru
name: Barra, Felipe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The derivation of macroscopic irreversible dynamics of nonequilibrium systems from microscopic equations was recently revisited from the point of view of infinitely extended quantum systems. Here we have briefly reviewed the $C^*$ algebra and its application to equilibrium systems as well as introduced some recent results on NESS. In addition, we have demonstrated the derivation of Landauer formula rigorously for quadratic systems but using a more physical presentation.
description: 64pages
Variation of Longitudinal Plasma Wavelength under Irradiation and Double Resonance in Coupled Josephson Junctions
Creators: name: Shukrinov, Yu. M.
name: Rahmonov, I. R.
name: Gaafar, M. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effect of electromagnetic wave irradiation on the phase dynamics of intrinsic Josephson junctions in high temperature superconductors is investigated. We predict three novel effects by variation of the radiation amplitude and frequency: changing of the longitudinal plasma wavelength at parametric resonance; double resonance of the Josephson oscillations with radiation and longitudinal plasma wave; charging of superconducting layers in the current interval corresponding to the Shapiro step. The "bump" structure in IVC recently observed experimentally is demonstrated. We also observe ragged Shapiro steps at double resonance.
description: 5 pages, 7 figures; cond-mat.supr-con
title: Debs, Eugene V.
title: Debs, Eugene V.
Creators: name: Anthony, Kyle
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Debs, Eugene V.
subject: Debs, Eugene V. (Eugene Victor), 1855-1926

description: As a socialist, Eugene Debs unsuccessfully ran for president four times. He served two prison sentences: the first due to his role in the Pullman Strike in 1894, and the second after being indicted under the Espionage Act as result of his criticism of America’s participation in World War I.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War