cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A Simple yet Effective Framework for Active Learning to Rank
Creators: name: Wang, Qingzhong
name: Li, Haifang
name: Xiong, Haoyi
name: Wang, Wen
name: Bian, Jiang
name: Lu, Yu
name: Wang, Shuaiqiang
name: Cheng, Zhicong
name: Dou, Dejing
name: Yin, Dawei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: While China has become the biggest online market in the world with around 1 billion internet users, Baidu runs the world largest Chinese search engine serving more than hundreds of millions of daily active users and responding billions queries per day. To handle the diverse query requests from users at web-scale, Baidu has done tremendous efforts in understanding users' queries, retrieve relevant contents from a pool of trillions of webpages, and rank the most relevant webpages on the top of results. Among these components used in Baidu search, learning to rank (LTR) plays a critical role and we need to timely label an extremely large number of queries together with relevant webpages to train and update the online LTR models. To reduce the costs and time consumption of queries/webpages labeling, we study the problem of Activ Learning to Rank (active LTR) that selects unlabeled queries for annotation and training in this work. Specifically, we first investigate the criterion -- Ranking Entropy (RE) characterizing the entropy of relevant webpages under a query produced by a sequence of online LTR models updated by different checkpoints, using a Query-By-Committee (QBC) method. Then, we explore a new criterion namely Prediction Variances (PV) that measures the variance of prediction results for all relevant webpages under a query. Our empirical studies find that RE may favor low-frequency queries from the pool for labeling while PV prioritizing high-frequency queries more. Finally, we combine these two complementary criteria as the sample selection strategies for active learning. Extensive experiments with comparisons to baseline algorithms show that the proposed approach could train LTR models achieving higher Discounted Cumulative Gain (i.e., the relative improvement ΔDCG4=1.38%) with the same budgeted labeling efforts.
description: This paper is accepted to Machine Intelligence Research and a short version is presented in NeurIPS 2022 Workshop on Human in the Loop Learning
Visual Superordinate Abstraction for Robust Concept Learning
Creators: name: Zheng, Qi
name: Wang, Chaoyue
name: Wang, Dadong
name: Tao, Dacheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Concept learning constructs visual representations that are connected to linguistic semantics, which is fundamental to vision-language tasks. Although promising progress has been made, existing concept learners are still vulnerable to attribute perturbations and out-of-distribution compositions during inference. We ascribe the bottleneck to a failure of exploring the intrinsic semantic hierarchy of visual concepts, e.g. \{red, blue,...\} $\in$ `color' subspace yet cube $\in$ `shape'. In this paper, we propose a visual superordinate abstraction framework for explicitly modeling semantic-aware visual subspaces (i.e. visual superordinates). With only natural visual question answering data, our model first acquires the semantic hierarchy from a linguistic view, and then explores mutually exclusive visual superordinates under the guidance of linguistic hierarchy. In addition, a quasi-center visual concept clustering and a superordinate shortcut learning schemes are proposed to enhance the discrimination and independence of concepts within each visual superordinate. Experiments demonstrate the superiority of the proposed framework under diverse settings, which increases the overall answering accuracy relatively by 7.5\% on reasoning with perturbations and 15.6\% on compositional generalization tests.
description: 14 pages, 11 figures
Flat singularities of chained systems, illustrated with an aircraft model
Creators: name: Kaminski, Yirmeyahu J.
name: Ollivier, François
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Symbolic Computation (cs.SC)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: I.6.3; I.1.0
subject: 93-08 (primary), 68W30 (secondary)

description: We consider flat differential control systems for which there exist flat outputs that are part of the state variables and study them using Jacobi bound. We introduce a notion of saddle Jacobi bound for an ordinary differential system of $n$ equations in $n+m$ variables. Systems with saddle Jacobi number equal to $0$ generalize various notions of chained and diagonal systems and form the widest class of systems admitting subsets of state variables as flat output, for which flat parametrization may be computed without differentiating the initial equations. We investigate apparent and intrinsic flat singularities of such systems. As an illustration, we consider the case of a simplified aircraft model, providing new flat outputs and showing that it is flat at all points except possibly in stalling conditions. Finally, we present numerical simulations showing that a feedback using those flat outputs is robust to perturbations and can also compensate model errors, when using a more realistic aerodynamic model.
description: 41 pages, 8 figures
title: From ‘homosexual offence’ to ‘LGBT community’:
title: A diachronic corpus-based critical discourse analysis of queer representation in The Times between 1957-2017
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Wilkinson, Mark
Publisher: name: Lancaster University
Year: 2024
Subjects: diachronic corpus-based critical discourse analysis
Corpus-based critical discourse analysis
Discourse theory
Post-Marxist discourse theory
Laclau and Mouffe
Representation
Identity
Discursive construction of identity
Queer
LGBTQI

description: From ‘homosexual offence’ to ‘LGBT community’: A diachronic corpus-based
 critical discourse analysis of queer representation in The Times between
 1957-2017

 Mark Joseph Wilkinson

 This thesis presents a novel combination of diachronic corpus-based
 critical discourse analysis (CDA) with poststructuralist (post-Marxist)
 discourse theory (PDT) (Laclau and Mouffe 2014) in order to analyse how
 The Times has used language to discursively construct queer identities
 between 1957-2017. The data is comprised of three sub-corpora built from
 relevant search terms between 1957-1967, 1979-1990, and 2003-2017. The
 subsequent analysis reveals that representations of queer identities are
 consistently (re)produced in similar ways such that certain
 identifications become naturalised, thus obfuscating their historical
 conditions of emergence. The implication is that queer identities, like
 all identities, are never fixed and tend to change as different discursive
 formations become hegemonic.

 Analysis began by thematically categorising the top 50 keywords and key
 terms from each of the three sub-corpora. This revealed that the most
 salient discourses were present across all three time periods, indicating
 that there were three discursive trajectories that shaped queer
 representation – biopolitics, capitalism, and erasure. Adapting the
 concept of the nodal point from PDT, one term was selected to represent
 each of the three discursive trajectories in each sub-corpus. These nine
 nodal points served as privileged signifiers, binding together a
 discursive formation. A combination of collocation and concordance
 analyses for each nodal point was then conducted. Results demonstrated
 that there was a dialectical relationship between the discursive
 construction of a queer Other and the hegemony of the British state during
 its various socioeconomic and political permutations.

 This study makes an original contribution by integrating PDT with
 corpus-based CDA so as to enrich the interpretation of the corpus
 findings. In addition to PDT, theories such as critical race theory were
 also introduced where they would enhance the analysis. This thesis,
 therefore, highlights how a greater engagement with theory benefits
 corpus-based CDA by combining innovative corpus- linguistic methods with
 equally innovative critical theory from across the academy.
Décimas nuevas para cantar los aficionados a la guitarra: Digital edition
Creators: name: Leblanc Elina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Spanish literature
Digital edition
XML-TEI

description: Digital edition of a Spanish pliego de cordel, published by the Andalusian printer José María Moreno (19th c.). It contains the XML-TEI file of the edition, as well as the files that led to this edition, i.e. the digital facsimiles (raw and retouched), and the transcription produced by the OCR tool Transkribus (PAGE-XML). This digital edition is a part of the research project Desenrollando el cordel / Untangling the cordel / Démêler le cordel (2020-2022), led by the professor Constance Carta at the University of Geneva and supported by the philanthropic Sandoz-Monique de Meuron Family Foundation.
Bulk-boundary correspondence in point-gap topological phases
Creators: name: Nakamura, Daichi
name: Bessho, Takumi
name: Sato, Masatoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A striking feature of non-Hermitian systems is the presence of two different types of topology. One generalizes Hermitian topological phases, and the other is intrinsic to non-Hermitian systems, which are called line-gap topology and point-gap topology, respectively. Whereas the bulk-boundary correspondence is a fundamental principle in the former topology, its role in the latter has not been clear yet. This Letter establishes the bulk-boundary correspondence in the point-gap topology in non-Hermitian systems. After revealing the requirement for point-gap topology in the open boundary conditions, we clarify that the bulk point-gap topology in open boundary conditions can be different from that in periodic boundary conditions. On the basis of real space topological invariants and the $K$-theory, we give a complete classification of the open boundary point-gap topology with symmetry and show that the nontrivial open boundary topology results in robust and exotic surface states.
description: Accepted version: the style is slightly different from the published version for Physical Review Letters, but the physics is the same. [9+29 pages, 3+5 figures, 4+13 tables]
Décimas nuevas para cantar los aficionados a la guitarra: Digital edition
Creators: name: Leblanc Elina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Spanish literature
Digital edition
XML-TEI

description: Digital edition of a Spanish pliego de cordel, published by the Andalusian printer José María Moreno (19th c.). It contains the XML-TEI file of the edition, as well as the files that led to this edition, i.e. the digital facsimiles (raw and retouched), and the transcription produced by the OCR tool Transkribus (PAGE-XML). This digital edition is a part of the research project Desenrollando el cordel / Untangling the cordel / Démêler le cordel (2020-2024), led by professor Constance Carta at the University of Geneva and supported by the philanthropic Sandoz-Monique de Meuron Family Foundation.
A Survey on Collaborative DNN Inference for Edge Intelligence
Creators: name: Ren, Weiqing
name: Qu, Yuben
name: Dong, Chao
name: Jing, Yuqian
name: Sun, Hao
name: Wu, Qihui
name: Guo, Song
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: With the vigorous development of artificial intelligence (AI), the intelligent applications based on deep neural network (DNN) change people's lifestyles and the production efficiency. However, the huge amount of computation and data generated from the network edge becomes the major bottleneck, and traditional cloud-based computing mode has been unable to meet the requirements of real-time processing tasks. To solve the above problems, by embedding AI model training and inference capabilities into the network edge, edge intelligence (EI) becomes a cutting-edge direction in the field of AI. Furthermore, collaborative DNN inference among the cloud, edge, and end device provides a promising way to boost the EI. Nevertheless, at present, EI oriented collaborative DNN inference is still in its early stage, lacking a systematic classification and discussion of existing research efforts. Thus motivated, we have made a comprehensive investigation on the recent studies about EI oriented collaborative DNN inference. In this paper, we firstly review the background and motivation of EI. Then, we classify four typical collaborative DNN inference paradigms for EI, and analyze the characteristics and key technologies of them. Finally, we summarize the current challenges of collaborative DNN inference, discuss the future development trend and provide the future research direction.
Classical and Almost Sure Local Limit Theorems
Creators: name: Szewczak, Zbigniew
name: Weber, Michel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary: 60F15, 60G50, Secondary: 60F05

description: We present and discuss the many results obtained concerning a famous limit theorem, the local limit theorem, which has many interfaces, with Number Theory notably, and for which, in spite of considerable efforts, the question concerning conditions of validity of the local limit theorem, has up to now no satisfactory solution. These results mostly concern sufficient conditions for the validity of the local limit theorem and its interesting variant forms: strong local limit theorem, strong local limit theorem with convergence in variation. Quite importantly are necessary conditions, and the results obtained are sparse, essentially: Rozanov's necessary condition, Gamkrelidze's necessary condition, and Mukhin's necessary and sufficient condition. Extremely useful and instructive are the counter-examples due to Azlarov and Gamkrelidze, as well as necessary and sufficient conditions obtained for a class of random variables, such as Mitalauskas' characterization of the local limit theorem in the strong form for random variables having stable limit distributions. The method of characteristic functions and the Bernoulli part extraction method, are presented and compared. A second part of the survey is devoted to the more recent study of the almost sure local limit theorem, instilled by Denker and Koch. The almost sure local limit theorems established already cover the i.i.d. case, the stable case, Markov chains, the model of the Dickman function. Our aim in writing this monograph was notably to bring to knowledge many interesting results obtained by the Lithuanian and Russian Schools of Probability during the sixties and after, and which are essentially written in Russian, and moreover often published in Journals of difficult access.
description: 103 pages, extended preface , thanks added, references completed and corrected
Décimas nuevas para cantar los aficionados a la guitarra: Digital edition
Creators: name: Leblanc Elina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Spanish literature
Digital edition
XML-TEI

description: Digital edition of a Spanish pliego de cordel, published by the Andalusian printer José María Moreno (19th c.). It contains the XML-TEI file of the edition, as well as the files that led to this edition, i.e. the digital facsimiles (raw and retouched), and the transcription produced by the OCR tool Transkribus (PAGE-XML). This digital edition is a part of the research project Desenrollando el cordel / Untangling the cordel / Démêler le cordel (2020-2024), led by the professor Constance Carta at the University of Geneva and supported by the philanthropic Sandoz-Monique de Meuron Family Foundation.
Experimental verification of the treatment of time-dependent flux in circuit quantization
Creators: name: Bryon, Jacob
name: Weiss, D. K.
name: You, Xinyuan
name: Sussman, Sara
name: Croot, Xanthe
name: Huang, Ziwen
name: Koch, Jens
name: Houck, Andrew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent theoretical work has highlighted that quantizing a superconducting circuit in the presence of time-dependent flux $Φ(t)$ generally produces Hamiltonian terms proportional to $dΦ/dt$ unless a special allocation of the flux across inductive terms is chosen. Here, we present an experiment probing the effects of a fast flux ramp applied to a heavy-fluxonium circuit. The experiment confirms that naïve omission of the $dΦ/dt$ term leads to theoretical predictions inconsistent with experimental data. Experimental data are fully consistent with recent theory that includes the derivative term or equivalently uses "irrotational variables" that uniquely allocate the flux to properly eliminate the $dΦ/dt$ term.
Hamilton Principle for Chiral Anomalies in Hydrodynamics
Creators: name: Wiegmann, P. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We developed the spacetime-covariant Hamilton principle for barotropic flows of a perfect fluid in the external axial-vector potential conjugate to the helicity current. Such flows carry helicity, a chiral imbalance, controlled by the axial potential. The interest in such a setting is motivated by the recent observation that the axial-current anomaly of quantum field theories with Dirac fermions appears as a kinematic property of classical hydrodynamics. Especially interesting effects occur under the simultaneous actions of the electromagnetic field and the axial-vector potential. With the help of the Hamilton principle, we obtain the extension of the Euler equations by the axial potential and derive anomalies in the divergence of the axial and vector current. Our approach provides a hydrodynamic expression for vector and axial currents and lays down a platform for studying flows with a chiral imbalance and their anomalies.
description: 11 pages, minor issues corrected
Role of the Kerguelen Plume in generating the eastern Indian Ocean seafloor.
Creators: name: Weis, Dominique
Publisher: name: American Geophysical Union
Year: 2016

description: Mid-ocean ridge basalts (MORB) in the Indian Ocean have Sr-Nd-Pb isotopic characteristics that distinguish them from seafloor basalts in the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. These differences have important implications for mantle dynamics. We discuss the isotopic variation with eruption age of seafloor basalts recovered by deep sea drilling at 10 sites in the eastern Indian Ocean ranging in age from Eocene to Late Jurassic. Except for alkalic basalts recovered from near Christmas Island in the northeast Indian Ocean, the basement lavas are tholeiitic basalts that are characterized by a wide range in incompatible element abundance ratios, such as La/Yb and Zr/Nb. Most of the tholeiitic basalts from seven sites are geochemically similar to recent Indian Ocean MORB, but the alkalic basalts and tholeiitic lavas from two other sites have isotopic and incompatible element abundance ratios similar to lavas associated with the Kerguelen Plume. Two of these three sites, however, are not close to the track of this plume. The Dupal isotopic signature (relatively high 87Sr/86Sr and high 208Pb/204Pb at a given 206Pb/204Pb) is characteristic of lavas that have been attributed to the Kerguelen Plume, i.e., the Kerguelen Archipelago, Ninetyeast Ridge, and Kerguelen Plateau. Among eastern Indian Ocean seafloor basalts, a Dupal component is apparent in basement lavas from six of the seven drill sites in the eastern Indian Ocean that range in inferred age from ∼57 to 125 Ma. The oldest (∼155 Ma) seafloor lavas recovered from the Indian Ocean, derived from a spreading center in the Argo Abyssal Plain near northwest Australia, have high 143Nd/144Nd and low 87/86Sr similar to the most depleted recent Indian MORB. Because the oldest volcanism on the Kerguelen Plateau (∼118 Ma) is the first evidence of the activity of the Kerguelen Plume, this plume is inferred to be the source of Dupal isotopic characteristics in Indian Ocean MORBs. Some recent Indian Ocean MORB are also distinctive because many have relatively low 206Pb/204Pb (<17.4). Some of the Oldest (110 to 155 Ma) seafloor lavas in the eastern Indian Ocean also have relatively low 206Pb/204Pb ratios. This low 206Pb/204Pb signature predates volcanism associated with the Kerguelen Plume and may reflect a significant role for continental lithosphere as a long-term source component for Indian Ocean MORB. An edited version of this paper was published by AGU. Copyright 1996 American Geophysical Union.
Experimental observation of spontaneous emission of space-time wavepacket in a multimode optical fiber
Creators: name: Stefańska, Karolina
name: Béjot, Pierre
name: Tarnowski, Karol
name: Kibler, Bertrand
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide a complete analysis, from theory to experiment, of the spontaneous emergence of a discretized conical wave of X-type (i.e., a localized 2D+1 space-time wavepacket) when an intense ultrashort pulse nonlinearly propagates in a multimode fiber. In particular, we reveal that this spatiotemporal phenomenon corresponds to broadband intermodal dispersive wave emission from an unsteady localized wave structure formed during nonlinear propagation. Theoretical phase-matching predictions are experimentally and numerically confirmed in a commercially-available step-index multimode fiber. Our results provide a general understanding of phase-matched radiations emitted by nonlinear waves in multidimensional dispersive optical system.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Rethinking Cost-sensitive Classification in Deep Learning via Adversarial Data Augmentation
Creators: name: Chen, Qiyuan
name: Kontar, Raed Al
name: Nouiehed, Maher
name: Yang, Jessie
name: Lester, Corey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Cost-sensitive classification is critical in applications where misclassification errors widely vary in cost. However, over-parameterization poses fundamental challenges to the cost-sensitive modeling of deep neural networks (DNNs). The ability of a DNN to fully interpolate a training dataset can render a DNN, evaluated purely on the training set, ineffective in distinguishing a cost-sensitive solution from its overall accuracy maximization counterpart. This necessitates rethinking cost-sensitive classification in DNNs. To address this challenge, this paper proposes a cost-sensitive adversarial data augmentation (CSADA) framework to make over-parameterized models cost-sensitive. The overarching idea is to generate targeted adversarial examples that push the decision boundary in cost-aware directions. These targeted adversarial samples are generated by maximizing the probability of critical misclassifications and used to train a model with more conservative decisions on costly pairs. Experiments on well-known datasets and a pharmacy medication image (PMI) dataset made publicly available show that our method can effectively minimize the overall cost and reduce critical errors, while achieving comparable performance in terms of overall accuracy.
Resonant search for the X17 boson at PADME
Creators: name: Darmé, Luc
name: Mancini, Marco
name: Nardi, Enrico
name: Raggi, Mauro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the experimental reach of the Frascati PADME experiment in searching for new light bosons via their resonant production in positron annihilation on fixed target atomic electrons. A scan in the mass range around 17 MeV will thoroughly probe the particle physics interpretation of the anomaly observed by the ATOMKI nuclear physics experiment. In particular, for the case of a spin-1 boson, the viable parameter space can be fully covered in a few months of data taking.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures and 1 table. Version published in Physical Review D. Typos corrected in Eqs. 6 and 7
SBML Level 3 Package: Flux Balance Constraints ('fbc')
Creators: name: Bergmann, Frank
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2013
Subjects: Computational Biology

description: Constraint based modeling is a widely accepted methodology used to
analyze and study biological networks on both a small and whole organism
(genome) scale. Typically these models are underdetermined and
constraint based methods (e.g. linear, quadratic optimization) are used
to optimize specific model properties. This is assumed to occur under a
defined set of constraints (e.g. stoichiometric, metabolic) and bounds
(e.g. thermodynamic, experimental and environmental) on the values that
the solution fluxes can obtain. This specification describes how to encode Flux Balance Models in SBML.
Model-Based ADP Policies for Dynamic Platelet Bank Management
Creators: name: El Amrani, Rachid
name: Buccelli, Giorgia Rosalia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: Maintaining a reliable blood platelet supply poses unique challenges due to platelets’ very short shelf life and variable donor availability. In this work, we model a regional platelet‐bank network—comprising 162 supply nodes, 48 inventory locations, and 8 demand centers—using a single‐period formulation embedded within an approximate dynamic programming (ADP) framework. We begin by defining key state variables (age‐stratified inventories, incoming donations, and demand realizations) and system constraints (capacity limits, flow balance, and perishability). Two classes of replenishment policies are then designed: myopic rules that optimize today’s cost alone, and look‐ahead policies that approximate future value functions via piecewise‐linear ADP updates. We implement and compare three dispatch priorities—FIFO, LIFO, and Circular—against a myopic baseline under 200 Monte Carlo replications over a 365-day horizon. Our experiments track outdate rates, shortage percentages, and total operating cost (including shortage penalties and holding costs). Results demonstrate that the FIFO policy consistently minimizes both expiration losses and unmet demand, outperforming LIFO and Circular rules. We conclude that, when combined with ADP value‐function approximations, FIFO offers the most robust inventory control for platelet management.
Universal behavior of highly-confined heat flow in semiconductor nanosystems: from nanomeshes to metalattices
Creators: name: McBennett, Brendan
name: Beardo, Albert
name: Nelson, Emma E.
name: Abad, Begoña
name: Frazer, Travis D.
name: Adak, Amitava
name: Esashi, Yuka
name: Li, Baowen
name: Kapteyn, Henry C.
name: Murnane, Margaret M.
name: Knobloch, Joshua L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nanostructuring on length scales corresponding to phonon mean free paths provides control over heat flow in semiconductors and makes it possible to engineer their thermal properties. However, the influence of boundaries limits the validity of bulk models, while first principles calculations are too computationally expensive to model real devices. Here we use extreme ultraviolet beams to study phonon transport dynamics in a 3D nanostructured silicon metalattice with deep nanoscale feature size, and observe dramatically reduced thermal conductivity relative to bulk. To explain this behavior, we develop a predictive theory wherein thermal conduction separates into a geometric permeability component and an intrinsic viscous contribution, arising from a new and universal effect of nanoscale confinement on phonon flow. Using experiments and atomistic simulations, we show that our theory applies to a general set of highly-confined silicon nanosystems, from metalattices, nanomeshes, porous nanowires to nanowire networks, of great interest for next-generation energy-efficient devices.
Identifying Crisis Response Communities in Online Social Networks for Compound Disasters: The Case of Hurricane Laura and Covid-19
Creators: name: Momin, Khondhaker Al
name: Kays, H M Imran
name: Sadri, Arif Mohaimin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Online social networks allow different agencies and the public to interact and share the underlying risks and protective actions during major disasters. This study revealed such crisis communication patterns during hurricane Laura compounded by the COVID-19 pandemic. Laura was one of the strongest (Category 4) hurricanes on record to make landfall in Cameron, Louisiana. Using the Application Programming Interface (API), this study utilizes large-scale social media data obtained from Twitter through the recently released academic track that provides complete and unbiased observations. The data captured publicly available tweets shared by active Twitter users from the vulnerable areas threatened by Laura. Online social networks were based on user influence feature ( mentions or tags) that allows notifying other users while posting a tweet. Using network science theories and advanced community detection algorithms, the study split these networks into twenty-one components of various sizes, the largest of which contained eight well-defined communities. Several natural language processing techniques (i.e., word clouds, bigrams, topic modeling) were applied to the tweets shared by the users in these communities to observe their risk-taking or risk-averse behavior during a major compounding crisis. Social media accounts of local news media, radio, universities, and popular sports pages were among those who involved heavily and interacted closely with local residents. In contrast, emergency management and planning units in the area engaged less with the public. The findings of this study provide novel insights into the design of efficient social media communication guidelines to respond better in future disasters.
Supplementary material from Absorption characteristics of large acoustic metasurfaces
Creators: name: Schnitzer, O.
name: Brandão, R.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 10299 Applied Mathematics not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20301 Acoustics and Acoustical Devices; Waves
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The supplementary material provides: (i) numerical values and asymptotic approximations for the geometric parameters K,Theta and sigma; (ii) derivation of dissipation formula from multiple-scattering model; (iii) derivation of dissipation formula by integrating dissipation in neck boundary layer; (iv) boundary-element method for solving homogenised model; and (v) derivation of inviscid surface-wave dispersion relation.
Agn & Host Galaxy Scaling Relations
Creators: name: Feruglio, Chiara
name: D'Odorico, V.
name: Fiore, F.
name: Cristiani, S.
name: Pallottini, A.
name: Gallerani, S.
name: Ferrara, A.
name: Carniani, S.
name: Piconcelli, E.
name: Bischetti, M.
name: Malizia, A.
name: Molina, M.
name: Marconi, A.
name: Maiolino, R.
name: Et Al.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Active Galactic Nuclei
AGN
scaling relations

description: IBISCO is a new multi-dimensional study of AGN scaling relations in a complete unbiased sample of local AGN, carried-on with IRAM, ALMA and INTEGRAL.  For the first time we have included the information on the molecular gas reservoirs into the scaling relations between AGN and host galaxy properties.  I will discuss scaling relations for the local sample IBISCO, and for samples from the SUPER survey and from SDSS out to z~2.
Survival outcomes of patients with brain metastasis of osteosarcoma can be improved by aggressive multi-disciplinary interventions including chemotherapy
Creators: name: Zhu, Yan
name: Fan, Gentao
name: Cao, Lili
name: Zhu, Hao
name: Wu, Sujia
name: Zhao, Jianning
name: Zhou, Guangxin
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology

description: Brain metastasis in osteosarcoma (BMO) is rare and its clinical characteristics are often buried among studies on brain metastasis of bone and soft tissue sarcomas. The aim of the present study was to summarize the incidence, clinical characteristics, treatment and outcomes of patients with BMO. This retrospective study included 7 patients with BMO who received treatment in our center between 2005 and 2019. The clinical medical records of the 7 patients, together with data of 70 BMO patients published in 33 articles and retrieved by means of PubMed and Medline, were analyzed, retrospectively. Data analysis of the 97 BMO patients showed a high correlation between the interval from the primary diagnosis to BMO occurrence and the interval from the primary diagnosis to prior metastases. Multivariate analysis showed that chemotherapy, radiotherapy and surgery were three main factors affecting the overall survival of BMO patients (HR = 0.427; HR = 0.372; HR = 0.296). Surgery combined with chemotherapy or radiotherapy offered a better overall survival than surgery alone. Patients with BMO may obtain survival benefits from regular neuroimaging and early aggressive multi-disciplinary interventions including surgical resection, postoperative radiotherapy and chemotherapy. This is a retrospective study describing the characteristics of metastasic intervals, locations, clinical features and prognosis in 97 patients with brain metastasis of osteosarcoma (BMO). Multivariate analysis showed that chemotherapy was effective as surgery and radiotherapy for the treatment of BMO. Our findings emphasize the importance of regular neuroimaging and early aggressive multi-disciplinary interventions including surgical resection, postoperative radiotherapy and chemotherapy.
Promece - Big/Smart Data - Report Of Data Analytics Techniques For Predictive Maintenance In The Industrial Sector
Creators: name: ITI
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: PROMECE 2015
predictive maintenance
industry
data analysis
prognostics
EDA
machinery
rule-based system
data visualization

description: Instituto Tecnológico de Informática has a non-economic Activities Plan (PROMECE) whose general objective is to strengthen the research lines in which the Institute works, within the scope of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT).

Within the Big/Smart Data R&D Line, we work on techniques to analyse large amounts of data, in order to obtain predictive models to detect anomalies in several scenarios. Another important topic is the visualization techniques to ease the analytics results transmission to the final users.

This document presents a handful of data analytics techniques for predictive maintenance in the industrial sector. First, we study the sensoring environment of the pilot, based on a real manufacturing plant. Then, we study the overall architecture for capturing the data from sensors, and analysing the signals to perform an initial EDA (Exploratory Data Analysis). The EDA allows us to identify the most representative variables and check the algorithms that are best suited for the objective of predicting a failure in machinery. Finally, a CEP system is proposed as the best solution to implement a rule-based system for supporting decision making, and some mockups are included, depicting how a generic tool for data visualization could look like.
description: PROMECE 2015. Project funded by the Valencian Institute of Business Competitiveness (IVACE) and the European Union through the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF), within the public grant program adressed to Technological Institutes of IVACE network. File number: IMAMCN/2015/1
Mass-Balance Models of Northeastern Pacific Ecosystems
Creators: name: Pauly, D. (Daniel)
name: Christensen, Villy
name: Haggan, Nigel
Publisher: name: Fisheries Centre. University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: A one-week workshop was held at the Fisheries Centre, UBC, from November 6-10, 1996, during which ten invited participants, mainly from the scientific community in British Columbia, Alaska and Washington, and Fisheries Centre faculty and graduate students assembled the elements required for preliminary mass-balanced models of trophic fluxes in the Alaska Gyre, on the shelf off southern British Columbia, and in the Strait of Georgia. Such mass-balance models were urgently required, as no systematic attempt had been made to verify that commonly-cited biomass, production and consumption rate estimates published for various critical marine groups in these three systems (e.g. salmon, marine mammals), were mutually compatible. The construction of these mass-balance models not only allowed verification (or correction) of previously published flux and biomass estimates, but also identification of major gaps in knowledge, and cost-effective estimation of some of the previously unknown rates and biomasses required for assessment of marine carrying capacity in the Northeastern Pacific. Each workshop participant covered a functional group and its associated fluxes: phytoplankton and primary production, zooplankton and secondary production, major fish species and their fisheries, marine mammals and birds and their food consumption. Model construction was performed using the well-documented Ecopath approach and software, previously applied to over eighty aquatic ecosystems throughout the world, and of which a pre-release Windows-based version was applied during the workshop. This report documents the parametrization of the three above-mentioned models through short contributions authored by the participants, the construction and validation of these (still) preliminary models, then presents suggestions for their future development and uses.
Distributed Deep Reinforcement Learning: A Survey and A Multi-Player Multi-Agent Learning Toolbox
Creators: name: Yin, Qiyue
name: Yu, Tongtong
name: Shen, Shengqi
name: Yang, Jun
name: Zhao, Meijing
name: Huang, Kaiqi
name: Liang, Bin
name: Wang, Liang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: With the breakthrough of AlphaGo, deep reinforcement learning becomes a recognized technique for solving sequential decision-making problems. Despite its reputation, data inefficiency caused by its trial and error learning mechanism makes deep reinforcement learning hard to be practical in a wide range of areas. Plenty of methods have been developed for sample efficient deep reinforcement learning, such as environment modeling, experience transfer, and distributed modifications, amongst which, distributed deep reinforcement learning has shown its potential in various applications, such as human-computer gaming, and intelligent transportation. In this paper, we conclude the state of this exciting field, by comparing the classical distributed deep reinforcement learning methods, and studying important components to achieve efficient distributed learning, covering single player single agent distributed deep reinforcement learning to the most complex multiple players multiple agents distributed deep reinforcement learning. Furthermore, we review recently released toolboxes that help to realize distributed deep reinforcement learning without many modifications of their non-distributed versions. By analyzing their strengths and weaknesses, a multi-player multi-agent distributed deep reinforcement learning toolbox is developed and released, which is further validated on Wargame, a complex environment, showing usability of the proposed toolbox for multiple players and multiple agents distributed deep reinforcement learning under complex games. Finally, we try to point out challenges and future trends, hoping this brief review can provide a guide or a spark for researchers who are interested in distributed deep reinforcement learning.
description: 14 pages, 17 figures
Zarządzanie wartością przedsiębiorstwa na przykładzie przedsiębiorstwa z branży budowlanej
Creators: name: Kordecka, Katarzyna
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2013
Subjects: Economics

description: Poniższy raport przedstawia jedną z metod zarządzania wartością przedsiębiorstwa z branży budowlanej. Obliczenia dotyczące wyznaczenia zdyskontowanego przepływu pieniądza w przedsiębiorstwie opracowane zostały na podstawie danych za sprawozdania finansowego z roku 2010 oraz 2011.
Entanglement Island versus Massless Gravity
Creators: name: Miao, Rong-Xin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Entanglement islands play an essential role in the recent breakthrough in addressing the black hole information paradox. Inspired by double holography, it is conjectured that the entanglement islands can exist only in massive gravity. There are many pieces of evidence but also debates for this conjecture. This paper recovers the massless entanglement island in wedge holography with negative DGP gravity on the brane. However, the spectrum of negative DGP gravity includes a massive ghost, implying the model is unstable. Our work supports the view that there is no entanglement island in a well-defined braneworld model of massless gravity if one divides the radiation and black hole regions by minimizing entanglement entropy. However, such a partition results in a zero radiation region containing no information. Whether there are other physical non-trivial partitions of the radiation region is an open question and deserves further study.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, revision published in EPJC
Three-family supersymmetric Pati-Salam models with symplectic groups from intersecting D6-branes
Creators: name: Mansha, Adeel
name: Li, Tianjun
name: Sabir, Mudassar
name: Wu, Lina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct new three-family ${\cal N}=1$ supersymmetric Pati-Salam models from intersecting D6-branes with original gauge group ${\rm U}(4)_C \times {\rm USp}(2)_L \times {\rm U}(2)_R$ on a Type IIA $\mathbb{T}^6/(\mathbb{Z}_2\times \mathbb{Z}_2)$ orientifold. We find that replacing a ${\rm U}(2)$ with a ${\rm USp}(2)$ group severely restricts the number of three-generation supersymmetric models such that there are only five inequivalent models. Exchanging the left and right sectors, we obtain five dual models with gauge group ${\rm U}(4)_C \times {\rm U}(2)_L \times {\rm USp}(2)_R$. These ten models have different gauge coupling relations at string scale. The highest wrapping number is 4, and one of the models contains no filler O6-planes. Moreover, we discuss in detail the particle spectra, the composite particles through strong coupling dynamics, and the exotic particle decouplings. Also, we study how to realize the string-scale gauge coupling relations in some models.
description: 32 pages, 3 figures, published version
Dark energy and matter interacting scenario to relieve $H_0$ and $S_8$ tensions
Creators: name: Gao, Li-Yang
name: Xue, She-Sheng
name: Zhang, Xin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a new cosmological model (called $\tildeΛ$CDM) in which the vacuum energy interacts with matter and radiation, and test this model using the current cosmological observations. Using the CMB+BAO+SN (CBS) dataset to constrain the model, we find that $H_0$ and $S_8$ tensions are relieved to $2.87σ$ and $2.77σ$, respectively. However, in this case, the $\tildeΛ$CDM model is not favored by the data, compared with $Λ$CDM. We find that when the $H_0$ and $S_8$ data are added to the data combination, the situation is significantly improved. In the CBS+$H_0$ case, the model relieves the $H_0$ tension to $0.47σ$, and the model is favored over $Λ$CDM. In the CBS+$H_0$+$S_8$ case, we obtain a synthetically best situation, in which the $H_0$ and $S_8$ tensions are relieved to $0.72σ$ and $2.11σ$, respectively. In this case, the model is most favored by the data. Therefore, this cosmological model can greatly relieve the $H_0$ tension and simultaneously effectively alleviate the $S_8$ tension.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
Restricting to the chip architecture maintains the quantum neural network accuracy
Creators: name: Friedrich, Lucas
name: Maziero, Jonas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In the era of noisy intermediate-scale quantum devices, variational quantum algorithms (VQAs) stand as a prominent strategy for constructing quantum machine learning models. These models comprise both a quantum and a classical component. The quantum facet is characterized by a parametrization $U$, typically derived from the composition of various quantum gates. On the other hand, the classical component involves an optimizer that adjusts the parameters of $U$ to minimize a cost function $C$. Despite the extensive applications of VQAs, several critical questions persist, such as determining the optimal gate sequence, devising efficient parameter optimization strategies, selecting appropriate cost functions, and understanding the influence of quantum chip architectures on the final results. This article aims to address the last question, emphasizing that, in general, the cost function tends to converge towards an average value as the utilized parameterization approaches a $2$-design. Consequently, when the parameterization closely aligns with a $2$-design, the quantum neural network model's outcome becomes less dependent on the specific parametrization. This insight leads to the possibility of leveraging the inherent architecture of quantum chips to define the parametrization for VQAs. By doing so, the need for additional swap gates is mitigated, consequently reducing the depth of VQAs and minimizing associated errors.
A gradient type term for the $k$-Hessian equation
Creators: name: Cardoso, Mykael de Araújo
name: Sousa, Jefferson de Brito
name: de Oliveira, José Francisco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35J66, 35J60, 35J50, 35J96

description: In this paper, we propose a gradient type term for the $k$-Hessian equation that extends for $k>1$ the classical quadratic gradient term associated with the Laplace equation. We prove that such as gradient term is invariant by the Kazdan-Kramer change of variables. As applications, we ensure the existence of solutions for a new class of $k$-Hessian equation in the sublinear and superlinear cases for Sobolev type growth. The threshold for existence is obtained in some particular cases. In addition, for the Trudinger-Moser type growth regime, we also prove the existence of solutions under either subcritical or critical conditions.