cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Properties of observable mixed inertial and gravito-inertial modes in γ Doradus stars
Creators: name: Galoy, Marion
name: Lignières, François
name: Ballot, Jérôme
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In γ Doradus stars, gravito-inertial modes in the radiative zone and inertial modes in the convective core can interact resonantly, which translates into the appearance of dip structures in the period spacing of modes. Those dips are information-rich, as they are related to the star core characteristics. Our aim is to characterise these dips according to stellar properties and thus to develop new seismic diagnostic tools to constrain the internal structure of γ Doradus stars, especially their cores. We used the two-dimensional oscillation code TOP to compute sectoral prograde and axisymmetric dipolar modes in γ Doradus stars at different rotation rates and evolutionary stages. We then characterised the dips we obtained by their width and location on the period spacing diagram. We found that the width and the location of the dips depend quasi-linearly on the ratio of the rotation rate and the Brunt-Väisälä frequency at the core interface. This allowed us to determine empirical relations between the width and location of dips as well as the resonant inertial mode frequency in the core and the Brunt-Väisälä frequency at the interface between the convective core and the radiative zone. We propose an approximate theoretical model to support and discuss these empirical relations. The empirical relations we established could be applied to dips observed in data, which would allow for the estimation of frequencies of resonant inertial modes in the core and of the Brunt-Väisälä jump at the interface between the core and the radiative zone. As those two parameters are both related to the evolutionary stage of the star, their determination could lead to more accurate estimations of stellar ages.
description: 23 pages, 46 figures, accepted in Astronomy&Astrophysics (in press)
Research Plan Group 6 Sociology “Feminist Bookshop Tuba and Social Capital According to Bourdieu”
Creators: name: Vellano, Alessandro
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 441012
subject: Sociology of inequalities
classificationCode: 441010
subject: Sociology of gender

description: Research Plan Group 6 Sociology “Feminist Bookshop Tuba and Social Capital According to Bourdieu”
Evaluation of Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines Expression in Mouse Splenocyte Cells After Incubation with the Biofield Energy Based Herbomineral Formulation
Creators: name: Vagt, Kathleen Starr
Publisher: name: SMN - The ScienceMedia Network
Year: 2019
Subjects: Natural Sciences

description: The use of herbomineral formulations in the healthcare sector has increased due to their high safety and better therapeutic action. A new proprietary herbomineral formulation was formulated with a combination of the herbal root extract ashwagandha and minerals viz. zinc, magnesium, and selenium. The aim of the study was to evaluate the immunomodulatory potential of Biofield Energy Healing (The Trivedi Effect®) on the test formulation in splenocytes. The test formulation was divided into two parts; one was the control without the Biofield Energy Treatment, while the other part was defined as the Biofield Energy Treated sample, which received the Biofield Energy Healing Treatment remotely by seven renowned Biofield Energy Healers. The MTT assay showed that the test formulation exhibited safe concentrations up to 1.053 µg/mL with cell viability ranging from 88.19% to 110.30% in the Biofield Energy Treated sample. The Biofield Energy Healing significantly enhanced the cell viability as compared with the untreated test formulation. The expression of TNF-α was significantly inhibited by 7.23% at 1.053 µg/mL in the Biofield Energy Treated test formulation compared with the vehicle control. The level of TNF-α was significantly decreased by 3.90%, 11.74%, 3.12%, and 9.17% at 0.001053, 0.01053, 0.1053 and 1.053 µg/mL, respectively in the Biofield Energy Treated test formulation compared with the untreated test formulation. Additionally, the expression of IL-1β was significantly reduced by 28.98%, 51.23%, 53.06%, 48.98%, 55.71%, and 59.10% at 0.00001053, 0.0001053, 0.001053, 0.01053, 0.1053, and 1.053 µg/mL, respectively in the Biofield Energy Treated test formulation compared with the vehicle control. Further, the Biofield Treated test formulation showed significant reduction of IL-1β by 35.07% (p≤0.05), 47.46% (p≤0.05), and 57.51% (p≤0.01) at 0.001053, 0.1053, and 1.053 µg/mL, respectively compared with the untreated test formulation. Similarly, the MIP-1α expression was inhibited by the Biofield Energy Treated formulation and showed immunosuppressive activity at 0.00001053, 0.0001053, 0.001053, and 0.01053 µg/mL by 19.38%, 24.97%, 31.23%, and 25.41%, respectively compared with the vehicle control group. The Biofield Treated test formulation significantly (p0.001) reduced the MIP-1α expression by 19.33%, 22.57%, and 30.50% at 0.0001053, 0.001053, and 0.01053 µg/mL, respectively compared with the untreated test formulation. Overall, The Trivedi Effect® - Biofield Energy Healing (TEBEH) significantly down-regulated the pro-inflammatory cytokines and potentiated the immunosuppressive effect of the Biofield Energy Treated test formulation, which can be better utilized for organ transplants, autoimmune diseases, inflammatory disorders, anti-aging, stress management, overall health and quality of life, etc.
Análisis de órgano estañados por el método de generación de hidruros y detección por espectrofotometría de absorción atómica (HG-AAS) en el Puerto de Ensenada, B. C. /
Creators: name: Macias Carranza, Victor Alfonso
Publisher: name: Universidad Autónoma de Baja California.
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: GC380.15 M32 1996

description: Durante los meses de Septiembre y Octubre de 1995 se llevó a cabo en el Puerto de Ensenada, Baja California, la colecta de doce muestras de sedimento y catorce de agua con el objetivo de aplicar un sistema de análisis y cuantificación para compuestos organometáticos (tributil, dibutil monobutilestaño), empleando para ello la técnica descrita por Stallard (1989).
The heterogeneous gas with singular interaction: Generalized circular law and heterogeneous renormalized energy
Creators: name: del Molino, Luis Carlos Garcia
name: Pakdaman, Khashayar
name: Touboul, Jonathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce and analyze $d$ dimensional Coulomb gases with random charge distribution and general external confining potential. We show that these gases satisfy a large deviations principle. The analysis of the minima of the rate function (which is the leading term of the energy) reveals that at equilibrium, the particle distribution is a generalized circular law (i.e. with spherical support but non-necessarily uniform distribution). In the classical electrostatic external potential, there are infinitely many minimizers of the rate function. The most likely macroscopic configuration is a disordered distribution in which particles are uniformly distributed (for $d=2$, the circular law), and charges are independent of the positions of the particles. General charge-dependent confining potentials unfold this degenerate situation: in contrast, the particle density is not uniform, and particles spontaneously organize according to their charge. In that picture the classical electrostatic potential appears as a transition at which order is lost. Sub-leading terms of the energy are derived: we show that these are related to an operator, generalizing the Coulomb renormalized energy, which incorporates the heterogeneous nature of the charges. This heterogeneous renormalized energy informs us about the microscopic arrangements of the particles, which are non-standard, strongly depending on the charges, and include progressive and irregular lattices.
description: 26 pages, 10 figures
A multi-wavelength study of Galactic H II regions with extended emission
Creators: name: Dey, Jyotirmoy
name: Pandian, Jagadheep D.
name: Lal, Dharam V.
name: Rugel, Michael R.
name: Brunthaler, Andreas
name: Menten, Karl M.
name: Wyrowski, Friedrich
name: Roy, Nirupam
name: Dzib, Sergio A.
name: Medina, Sac-Nicté X.
name: Khan, Sarwar
name: Dokara, Rohit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: H II regions are the signposts of massive ($M\geq\,8\,M_\odot$) star-forming sites in our Galaxy. It has been observed that the ionizing photon rate inferred from the radio continuum emission of H II regions is significantly lower ($\sim$ 90%) than that inferred from far-infrared fluxes measured by IRAS. This discrepancy in the ionizing photon rates may arise due to there being significant amounts of dust within the H II regions or the presence of extended emission that is undetected by high-resolution radio interferometric observations. Here, we study a sample of eight compact and ultracompact H II regions with extended emission to explore its role in resolving the discrepancy. We have used observations at the uGMRT (1.25-1.45 GHz) and data from the GLOSTAR survey (4-8 GHz) to estimate the ionizing photon rate from the radio continuum emission. We have also estimated the ionizing photon rate from the infrared luminosity by fitting a spectral energy distribution function to the infrared data from the GLIMPSE, MIPSGAL, and Hi-GAL surveys. The excellent sensitivity of the radio observations to extended emission allows us to investigate the actual fraction of ionizing photons that are absorbed by dust in compact and ultracompact H II regions. Barring one source, we find a direct association between the radio continuum emission from the compact and diffuse components of the H II region. Our study shows that the ionizing photon rates estimated using the radio and infrared data are within reasonable agreement (5-28%) if we include the extended emission. We also find multiple candidate ionizing stars in all our sources, and the ionizing photon rates from the radio observations and candidate stars are in reasonable agreement.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A. 22 pages, 9 figures, 6 tables
Classical capacity of Gaussian thermal memory channels
Creators: name: De Palma, Giacomo
name: Mari, Andrea
name: Giovannetti, Vittorio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The classical capacity of phase-invariant Gaussian channels has been recently determined under the assumption that such channels are memoryless. In this work we generalize this result by deriving the classical capacity of a model of quantum memory channel, in which the output states depend on the previous input states. In particular we extend the analysis of [C. Lupo, et al., PRL and PRA (2010)] from quantum limited channels to thermal attenuators and thermal amplifiers. Our result applies in many situations in which the physical communication channel is affected by nonzero memory and by thermal noise.
description: 14 pages, 8 figures
Effect of Biofield Energy Healing Based Herbomineral Formulation on Pro-inflammatory Cytokines Expression in Biofield Treated Mouse Splenocyte Cells
Creators: name: Vagt, Kathleen Starr
Publisher: name: SMN - The ScienceMedia Network
Year: 2019
Subjects: Natural Sciences

description: A proprietary herbomineral formulation was formulated with four ingredients; a mixture of the minerals (zinc, magnesium, and selenium) and the herbal root extract ashwagandha. The aim of the study was to evaluate the immunomodulatory potential of Biofield Energy Healing (The Trivedi Effect®) on the herbomineral formulation in splenocyte cells, which were isolated from Biofield Treated mice. The test formulation was divided into two parts. One part was denoted as the control without any Biofield Energy Treatment, while the other part was defined as the Biofield Energy Treated sample, which received the Biofield Energy Healing Treatment remotely from seven renowned Biofield Energy Healers. The splenocyte cells were treated with the test formulation at concentrations ranges from 0.00001053 to 10.53 µg/mL and analyzed after 48 hours of treatment by MTT assay. The cell viability data showed safe concentrations up to 1.053 µg/mL with viability ranges from 69.22% to 123.88% in the test formulation groups. The expression of TNF-α was decreased by 4.82% at 1.053 µg/mL in the Biofield Energy Treated test formulation compared with the vehicle control. The level of TNF-α was significantly decreased by 2.02%, 4.92%, and 18.78% at 0.00001053, 0.001053, and 1.053 µg/mL, respectively in the Biofield Energy Treated test formulation group as compared to the untreated test formulation. The expression of IL-1β was significantly reduced by 83.65%, 92.15%, 27.30%, and 41.88% at 0.00001053, 0.0001053, 0.001053, and 1.053 µg/mL, respectively in the Biofield Energy Treated test formulation compared with the vehicle control. The Biofield Treated test formulation showed significant reduction of IL-1β by 17.26%, 92.61% (p≤0.001), 34.62% (p≤0.05), and 16.13% at 0.00001053, 0.0001053, 0.001053, and 1.053 µg/mL, respectively compared with the untreated test formulation. Additionally, the expression of chemokine MIP-1α was significantly reduced by 17.03%, 10.99%, 22.33%, 24.21%, 21.61%, and 30.67% at 0.00001053, 0.0001053, 0.001053, 0.01053, 0.1053, and 1.053 µg/mL, respectively in the Biofield Treated test formulation compared with the vehicle control. The MIP-1α expression was significantly reduced by 19.32% and 12.56% at 0.01053 and 0.1053 µg/mL, respectively in the Biofield Treated test formulation compared with the untreated test formulation. The overall results demonstrated that the Biofield Energy Treated test formulation significantly down-regulated the expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, and MIP-1α in the Biofield Treated mice splenocyte cells compared to the untreated test formulation. These data suggest that the Biofield Treated test formulation can be used for autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, stress management and anti-aging by improving overall health.
Physics-informed Gaussian process model for Euler-Bernoulli beam elements
Creators: name: Tondo, Gledson Rodrigo
name: Rau, Sebastian
name: Kavrakov, Igor
name: Morgenthal, Guido
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A physics-informed machine learning model, in the form of a multi-output Gaussian process, is formulated using the Euler-Bernoulli beam equation. Given appropriate datasets, the model can be used to regress the analytical value of the structure's bending stiffness, interpolate responses, and make probabilistic inferences on latent physical quantities. The developed model is applied on a numerically simulated cantilever beam, where the regressed bending stiffness is evaluated and the influence measurement noise on the prediction quality is investigated. Further, the regressed probabilistic stiffness distribution is used in a structural health monitoring context, where the Mahalanobis distance is employed to reason about the possible location and extent of damage in the structural system. To validate the developed framework, an experiment is conducted and measured heterogeneous datasets are used to update the assumed analytical structural model.
description: 10 pages, 10 figures, 11 references
First bolometric measurement of the two neutrino double beta decay of $^{100}$Mo with a ZnMoO$_4$ crystals array
Creators: name: Cardani, L.
name: Gironi, L.
name: Iachellini, N. Ferreiro
name: Pattavina, L.
name: Beeman, J. W.
name: Bellini, F.
name: Casali, N.
name: Cremonesi, O.
name: Dafinei, I.
name: Di Domizio, S.
name: Ferroni, F.
name: Galashov, E.
name: Gotti, C.
name: Nagorny, S.
name: Orio, F.
name: Pessina, G.
name: Piperno, G.
name: Pirro, S.
name: Previtali, E.
name: Rusconi, C.
name: Tomei, C.
name: Vignati, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The large statistics collected during the operation of a ZnMoO$_4$ array, for a total exposure of 1.3 kg $\cdot$ day of $^{100}$Mo, allowed the first bolometric observation of the two neutrino double beta decay of $^{100}$Mo. The observed spectrum of each crystal was reconstructed taking into account the different background contributions due to environmental radioactivity and internal contamination. The analysis of coincidences between the crystals allowed the assignment of constraints to the intensity of the different background sources, resulting in a reconstruction of the measured spectrum down to an energy of $\sim$300 keV. The half-life extracted from the data is T$_{1/2}^{2ν}$= [7.15 $\pm$ 0.37 (stat) $\pm$ 0.66 (syst)] $\cdot$ 10$^{18}$ y.
description: 6 pages, 2 figure, Accepted for publication in Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle Physics
MUSE spectroscopy of the high abundance discrepancy planetary nebula NGC 6153
Creators: name: Gómez-Llanos, V.
name: García-Rojas, J.
name: Morisset, C.
name: Monteiro, H.
name: Jones, D.
name: Wesson, R.
name: Boffin, H. M. J.
name: Corradi, R. L. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: (Abridged) The abundance discrepancy problem in planetary nebulae (PNe) has long puzzled astronomers. NGC6153, with its high Abundance Discrepancy Factor (ADF~10), provides an opportunity to understand the chemical structure and ionisation processes by constructing detailed emission line maps and examining variations in electron temperature and density. We used the MUSE spectrograph to acquire IFU data covering the wavelength range 4600-9300 Å with a spatial sampling of 0.2 arcsec and spectral resolutions ranging from R = 1600-3500. We created emission line maps for 60 lines and two continuum regions. We developed a tailored methodology for the analysis of the data, including correction for recombination contributions to auroral lines and the contributions of different plasma phases. Our analysis confirmed the presence of a low-temperature plasma component in NGC6153. We find that electron temperatures derived from recombination line and continuum diagnostics are significantly lower than those derived from collisionally excited line diagnostics. Ionic chemical abundance maps were constructed, considering the weight of the cold plasma phase in the HI emission. Adopting this approach, we found ionic abundances that could be up to 0.2 dex lower for those derived from CELs and up to 1.1 dex higher for those derived from RLs than in the case of an homogeneous HI emission. The abundance contrast factor (ACF) between both plasma components was defined, with values, on average, 0.9 dex higher than the ADF. Different methods for calculating ionisation correction factors (ICFs) yielded consistent results. Our findings emphasise that accurate chemical abundance determinations in high-ADF PNe must account for multiple plasma phases.
description: 24 pages, 16 figures, 9 tables. Accepted for publication in A&A. Final version after language editing
First-order Néel-VBS transition in $S=3/2$ antiferromagnets
Creators: name: Zhang, Fan
name: Guo, Wenan
name: Kaul, Ribhu K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the transition between Néel and columnar valence-bond solid ordering in two-dimensional $S=3/2$ square lattice quantum antiferromagnets with SO(3) symmetry. According to the deconfined criticality scenario, this transition can be direct and continuous like the well-studied $S=1/2$ case. To study the global phase diagram, we work with four multi-spin couplings with full rotational symmetry, that are free of the sign-problem of quantum Monte Carlo. Exploring the phase diagram with quantum Monte Carlo simulations, we find that the phase transition between Néel and valence-bond solid is strongly first-order in the parts of the phase diagram that we have accessed.
description: 11 pages, 16 figures
Dust and gas in luminous proto-cluster galaxies at z=4.05: the case for different cosmic dust evolution in normal and starburst galaxies
Creators: name: Tan, Qinghua
name: Daddi, Emanuele
name: Magdis, Georgios
name: Pannella, Maurilio
name: Sargent, Mark
name: Riechers, Dominik
name: Béthermin, Matthieu
name: Bournaud, Frédéric
name: Carilli, Chris
name: da Cunha, Elisabete
name: Dannerbauer, Helmut
name: Dickinson, Mark
name: Elbaz, David
name: Gao, Yu
name: Hodge, Jacqueline
name: Owen, Frazer
name: Walter, Fabian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We measure the dust and gas content of the three sub-millimeter galaxies (SMGs) in the GN20 proto-cluster at $z=4.05$ using new IRAM Plateau de Bure interferometer (PdBI) CO(4-3) and 1.2-3.3 mm continuum observations. All these three SMGs are heavily dust obscured, with UV-based star formation rate (SFR) estimates significantly smaller than the ones derived from the bolometric infrared (IR), consistent with the spatial offsets revealed by HST and CO imaging. Based also on evaluations of the specific SFR, CO-to-H$_2$ conversion factor and gas depletion timescale, we classify all the three galaxies as starbursts (SBs), although with a lower confidence for GN20.2b that might be a later stage merging event. We place our measurements in the context of the evolutionary properties of main sequence (MS) and SB galaxies. ULIRGs have 3-5 times larger $L'_{\rm CO}/M_{\rm dust}$ and $M_{\rm dust}/M_\star$ ratios than $z=0$ MS galaxies, but by $z\sim2$ the difference appears to be blurred, probably due to differential metallicity evolution. SB galaxies appear to slowly evolve in their $L'_{\rm CO}/M_{\rm dust}$ and $M_{\rm dust}/M_\star$ ratios all the way to $z>6$ (consistent with rapid enrichment of SB events), while MS galaxies rapidly increase in $M_{\rm dust}/M_\star$ from $z=0$ to 2 (due to gas fraction increase, compensated by a decrease of metallicities). While no IR/submm continuum detection is available for indisputably normal massive galaxies at $z>2.5$, we show that if metallicity indeed decrease rapidly for these systems at $z>3$ as claimed in the literature, we should expect a strong decrease of their $M_{\rm dust}/M_\star$, consistent with recent PdBI and ALMA upper limits. We conclude that the $M_{\rm dust}/M_\star$ ratio could be a powerful tool for distinguishing starbursts from normal galaxies at $z>4$.
description: 17 pages, 9 figures. Updated to A&A accepted version
Ultrasound medical imaging using 2d viscoacoustic full-waveform inversion = Medizinische Bildgebung mit Ultraschall unter Nutzung der 2d viskoakustischen Wellenfeldinversion
Creators: name: Kühn, Fabian
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2018

description: In dieser Arbeit führe ich eine ausführliche Literaturrecherche bezüglich der Brustbildgebung mit Ultraschall durch, wobei der Schwerpunkt auf bisherigen Anwendungen der Wellenfeldinversion (WFI) in diesem Forschungsgebiet liegt, untersuche das Potential der zweidimensionalen viskoakustischen WFI mit Hilfe von Rekonstruktionstests mit einem anatomiegetreuen numerischen Brustmodell unter optimalen Bedingungen und prüfe ob sich Datensätze, welche mit dem KIT 3D USCT II, dem ersten automatisierten Brustultraschallsystem mit einer vollständig dreidimensionalen Aufnahmegeometrie, aufgenommen wurden, mit dreidimensionaler WFI ausgewertet werden können. Die synthetischen Tests zeigen, dass die Schallgeschwindigkeit und Dämpfung mit hoher Genauigkeit rekonstruiert werden können, auch wenn niedrige Frequenzen genutzt werden. Die Nutzung niedriger Frequenzen ist in zweierlei Hinsicht von Vorteil, da diese eine hohe Stabilität der Inversion gewährleistet und gleichzeitig den nötigen Rechenaufwand reduziert. Die Durchführbarkeitsstudie befasst sich mit mehreren Herausforderungen, welchen man sich bei der Anwendung der dreidimensionalen WFI stellen muss, wie zum Beispiel die Berücksichtigung der Abstrahl- und Empfangscharakteristik der verwendeten Ultraschallsonden und Bewegungen der Brust während der Messungen. Es sind viel zu wenige Empfänger installiert, weshalb der räumliche Alias-Effekt Artefakte in den Gradienten hervorruft und nur eine sehr geringe Auflösung erreicht werden kann. Ich komme zu dem Ergebnis, dass eine Anwendung der dreidimensionalen WFI auf Daten des KIT 3D USCT II den extrem hohen Rechenaufwand nicht wert ist, da bei einer so stark begrenzten Auflösung das Potenzial der WFI nicht ausgeschöpft werden würde.
North-South non-Gaussian asymmetry in PLANCK CMB maps
Creators: name: Bernui, A.
name: Oliveira, A. F.
name: Pereira, T. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the results of a statistical analysis performed with the four foreground-cleaned Planck maps by means of a suitably defined {\it local-variance} estimator. Our analysis shows a clear dipolar structure in Planck's {\it variance map} pointing in the direction $(l,b) \,\simeq\, (220^{\circ},-32^{\circ})$, thus consistent with the North-South asymmetry phenomenon. Surprisingly, and contrary to previous findings, removing the CMB quadrupole and octopole makes the asymmetry stronger. Our results show a maximal statistical significance, of $98.1\%$ CL, in the scales ranging from $\ell=4$ to $\ell=500$. Additionally, through exhaustive analyses of the four foreground-cleaned and individual frequency Planck maps, we find unlikely that residual foregrounds could be causing this dipole variance asymmetry. Moreover, we find that the dipole gets lower amplitudes for larger masks, evidencing that most of the contribution to the variance dipole comes from a region near the galactic plane. Finally, our results are robust against different foreground cleaning procedures, different Planck masks, pixelization parameters, and the addition of inhomogeneous real noise.
description: 19 pages, 13 figures. Re-submitted to match published version
La evolución de los dispositivos electrónicos y su impacto en la sociedad actual
Creators: name: Rivero, Carlos
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Electrical machines and drives
Electrical energy transmission, networks and systems
Electrical engineering not elsewhere classified
Functional materials
Behavioural economics
Industry economics and industrial organisation
Marketing technology
Educational technology and computing

description: En la era actual, caracterizada por un rápido e inexorable avance tecnológico, el estudio de la evolución de los dispositivos electrónicos y su profundo impacto en la sociedad adquiere una importancia primordial. El presente artículo tiene como propósito ofrecer un análisis pormenorizado y académicamente riguroso de las distintas etapas en la evolución de estos dispositivos, desde las primeras generaciones hasta las innovaciones más recientes que delinean el futuro de la electrónica y la tecnología. En este contexto, se abordan tanto las transformaciones significativas en la vida cotidiana como los retos que conlleva su creciente protagonismo en diversos ámbitos de la sociedad. El análisis se fundamenta en un enfoque interdisciplinario, que permite explorar desde múltiples perspectivas cómo la rápida evolución de los dispositivos electrónicos ha influido en la comunicación, el acceso a la información, la educación, el entretenimiento, la productividad laboral y la salud. Paralelamente, se abordan cuestiones cruciales relacionadas con seguridad, privacidad y ética en el ámbito de la tecnología y la electrónica, poniendo de relieve los desafíos que enfrentan tanto personas como empresas en la era digital. Asimismo, el artículo presenta casos de estudio relevantes y significativos, que ilustran las distintas transformaciones y desafíos analizados en cada sección, examinando las implicaciones para la industria y el desarrollo de productos tecnológicos en el marco de un escenario cada vez más competitivo y globalizado. Finalmente, se plantean oportunidades y retos futuros que enfrenta el sector en un contexto de creciente complejidad y cambio tecnológico, proponiendo recomendaciones para la investigación y el desarrollo de productos que respondan a las demandas emergentes de la sociedad actual.
Dynamic Graph Enhanced Contrastive Learning for Chest X-ray Report Generation
Creators: name: Li, Mingjie
name: Lin, Bingqian
name: Chen, Zicong
name: Lin, Haokun
name: Liang, Xiaodan
name: Chang, Xiaojun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Automatic radiology reporting has great clinical potential to relieve radiologists from heavy workloads and improve diagnosis interpretation. Recently, researchers have enhanced data-driven neural networks with medical knowledge graphs to eliminate the severe visual and textual bias in this task. The structures of such graphs are exploited by using the clinical dependencies formed by the disease topic tags via general knowledge and usually do not update during the training process. Consequently, the fixed graphs can not guarantee the most appropriate scope of knowledge and limit the effectiveness. To address the limitation, we propose a knowledge graph with Dynamic structure and nodes to facilitate medical report generation with Contrastive Learning, named DCL. In detail, the fundamental structure of our graph is pre-constructed from general knowledge. Then we explore specific knowledge extracted from the retrieved reports to add additional nodes or redefine their relations in a bottom-up manner. Each image feature is integrated with its very own updated graph before being fed into the decoder module for report generation. Finally, this paper introduces Image-Report Contrastive and Image-Report Matching losses to better represent visual features and textual information. Evaluated on IU-Xray and MIMIC-CXR datasets, our DCL outperforms previous state-of-the-art models on these two benchmarks.
description: Accepted by CVPR 2023. Project page: https://github.com/mlii0117/DCL
On Quantum Tunneling in Real Time
Creators: name: Turok, Neil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A detailed real time description of quantum tunneling in the semiclassical limit is given, using complex classical trajectories. This picture connects naturally with the ideas of post-selection and weak measurement introduced by Aharonov and collaborators. I show that one can precisely identify the {\it complex} classical trajectory which a post-selected tunneling particle has followed, and which dominates the path integral in the limit as Planck's constant $\hbar$ tends to zero. Detailed analytical calculations are presented for tunneling in cubic and quartic potentials. For a long post-selected tunneling time, the imaginary part of the tunneling coordinate is found to achieve very large values just before the particle tunnels. I discuss how the real and imaginary parts of the particle's coordinate may, in principle, be independently measured using weak measurements. It would be very interesting to observe this effect, which would demonstrate the essential role of complex numbers in our closest possible classical description of reality. Extensions to quantum field theory and general relativity are briefly discussed.
description: 13 pages, 3 figures. Accepted and to appear in New Journal of Physics
Reevaluating the cosmological redshift: insights into inhomogeneities and irreversible processes
Creators: name: Tremblin, P.
name: Chabrier, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Understanding the expansion of the Universe remains a profound challenge in fundamental physics. The complexity of solving General Relativity equations in the presence of intricate, inhomogeneous flows has compelled cosmological models to rely on perturbation theory in a homogeneous FLRW background. This approach accounts for a redshift of light encompassing contributions from both the cosmological background expansion along the photon's trajectory and Doppler effects at emission due to peculiar motions. However, this computation of the redshift is not covariant, as it hinges on specific coordinate choices that may distort physical interpretations of the relativity of motion. In this study, we show that peculiar motions, when tracing the dynamics along time-like geodesics, must contribute to the redshift of light through a local volume expansion factor, in addition to the background expansion. By employing a covariant approach to redshift calculation, we address the central question of whether the cosmological principle alone guarantees that the averaged local volume expansion factor matches the background expansion. We establish that this holds true only in scenarii characterized by a reversible evolution of the Universe, where inhomogeneous expansion and compression modes mutually compensate. In the presence of irreversible processes, such as the dissipation of large-scale compression modes through matter virialization and associated entropy production, the averaged expansion factor becomes dominated by expansion in voids that cannot be compensated anymore by compression in virialized structures. Our approach shows that entropy production due to irreversible processes during the formation of structures plays the same role as an effective, time-dependent cosmological constant, i.e. dynamical dark energy, without the need to invoke new unknown physics.
description: Accepted in A&A
DiffDance: Cascaded Human Motion Diffusion Model for Dance Generation
Creators: name: Qi, Qiaosong
name: Zhuo, Le
name: Zhang, Aixi
name: Liao, Yue
name: Fang, Fei
name: Liu, Si
name: Yan, Shuicheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: When hearing music, it is natural for people to dance to its rhythm. Automatic dance generation, however, is a challenging task due to the physical constraints of human motion and rhythmic alignment with target music. Conventional autoregressive methods introduce compounding errors during sampling and struggle to capture the long-term structure of dance sequences. To address these limitations, we present a novel cascaded motion diffusion model, DiffDance, designed for high-resolution, long-form dance generation. This model comprises a music-to-dance diffusion model and a sequence super-resolution diffusion model. To bridge the gap between music and motion for conditional generation, DiffDance employs a pretrained audio representation learning model to extract music embeddings and further align its embedding space to motion via contrastive loss. During training our cascaded diffusion model, we also incorporate multiple geometric losses to constrain the model outputs to be physically plausible and add a dynamic loss weight that adaptively changes over diffusion timesteps to facilitate sample diversity. Through comprehensive experiments performed on the benchmark dataset AIST++, we demonstrate that DiffDance is capable of generating realistic dance sequences that align effectively with the input music. These results are comparable to those achieved by state-of-the-art autoregressive methods.
description: Accepted at ACM MM 2023
VVV catalog of ab-type RR Lyrae in the inner Galactic bulge
Creators: name: Zoccali, M.
name: Quezada, C.
name: Ramos, R. Contreras
name: Valenti, E.
name: Valenzuela-Navarro, A.
name: Carvajal, J. Olivares
name: Arriagada, A. Rojas
name: Minniti, J. H.
name: Gran, F.
name: De Leo, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. Observational evidence has accumulated in the past years, showing that the Galactic bulge includes two populations, a metal poor and a metal rich one that, in addition to a different metallicity, show different alpha over iron abundances, spatial distribution, and kinematics. While the metal rich, barred component has been fairly well characterized, the metal poor, spheroidal component has been more elusive and harder to describe. RR Lyrae variables are clean tracers of the old bulge component, and they are, on average, more metal poor than red clump stars.
 Aims. In the present paper, we provide a new catalog of 16488 ab type RR Lyrae variables in the bulge region within -10
description: Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
title: CERN Yellow Reports: Monographs, Vol. 2 (2022): Conceptual design of an experiment at the FCC-hh, a future 100 TeV hadron collider
title: Conceptual design of an experiment at the FCC-hh, a future 100 TeV hadron collider
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: CERN Yellow Reports: Monographs
Publisher: name: CERN Yellow Reports: Monographs
Year: 2022

description: Eds. M. Mangano and W. Riegler This report summarises the study of a general purpose detector for the FCC-hh, a 100 TeV hadron collider with peak luminosity of 3 ⋅ 1035 cm-2s-1. A pileup of 1000 pp collisions per bunch-crossing, highly boosted objects as well as radiation levels up to 1018 hadrons/cm2 are just three of the challenges that such a collider poses. The general specifications for such a detector in terms of resolution, granularity, acceptance and radiation tolerance are discussed. A specific detector layout is proposed and its performance is simulated, discussed and parameterized. This parameterization is then used to evaluate the performance for key benchmark physics topics, such as the precision measurement of the Higgs boson couplings and the discovery reach for several frameworks beyond the Standard Model.
Model-independent determination of the gluon condensate in four-dimensional SU(3) gauge theory
Creators: name: Bali, Gunnar S.
name: Bauer, Clemens
name: Pineda, Antonio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We determine the non-perturbative gluon condensate of four-dimensional SU(3) gauge theory in a model independent way. This is achieved by carefully subtracting high order perturbation theory results from non-perturbative lattice QCD determinations of the average plaquette. No indications of dimension two condensates are found. The value of the gluon condensate turns out to be of a similar size as the intrinsic ambiguity inherent to its definition.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures, v2: references added, conclusions improved, contrast of figures improved, 1 typo corrected
Smartbanner: Intelligent banner design framework that strikes a balance between creative freedom and design rules
Creators: name: Li, Guandong
name: Yang, Xian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Companies use banners extensively to promote their products, and the intelligent automatic synthesis of banners is a challenging event. Under the premise of inputting only a small amount of information such as product, text and size, it can synthesize styles with high freedom and richness, but at the same time, it must satisfy the design specifications of advertisers for advertising and scenes. We propose an intelligent banner design framework that strikes a balance between creative freedom and design rules, called smartbanner. Smartbanner consists of planner, actuator, adjuster and generator. The banner is synthesized through the combined framework, which fully liberates the designer and reduces the threshold and cost of design. It increases the click-through rate by 30%, improves the human efficiency of designers by 500% under the condition of ensuring the quality of creation, and synthesizes hundreds of millions of pictures in batches throughout the year.
All CHSH polytopes
Creators: name: Pironio, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The correlations that admit a local hidden-variable model are described by a family of polytopes, whose facets are the Bell inequalities. The CHSH inequality is the simplest such Bell inequality and is a facet of every Bell polytope. We investigate for which Bell polytopes the CHSH inequality is also the unique (non-trivial) facet. We prove that the CHSH inequality is the unique facet for all bipartite polytopes where at least one party has a binary choice of dichotomic measurements, irrespective of the number of measurement settings and outcomes for the other party. Based on numerical results, we conjecture that it is also the unique facet for all bipartite polytopes involving two measurements per party where at least one measurement is dichotomic. Finally, we remark that these two situations can be the only ones for which the CHSH inequality is the unique facet, i.e., any polytope that does not correspond to one of these two cases necessarily has facets that are not of the CHSH form. As a byproduct of our approach, we derive a new family of facet inequalities.
Intense bipolar structures from stratified helical dynamos
Creators: name: Mitra, Dhrubaditya
name: Brandenburg, A.
name: Kleeorin, N.
name: Rogachevskii, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform direct numerical simulations of the equations of magnetohydrodynamics with external random forcing and in the presence of gravity. The domain is divided into two parts: a lower layer where the forcing is helical and an upper layer where the helicity of the forcing is zero with a smooth transition in between. At early times, a large-scale helical dynamo develops in the bottom layer. At later times the dynamo saturates, but the vertical magnetic field continues to develop and rises to form dynamic bipolar structures at the top, which later disappear and reappear. Some of the structures look similar to $δ$ spots observed in the Sun. This is the first example of magnetic flux concentrations, owing to strong density stratification, from self-consistent dynamo simulations that generate bipolar, super-equipartition strength, magnetic structures whose energy density can exceeds the turbulent kinetic energy by even a factor of ten.
description: Published in Monthly Notices of Royal Astronomical Society
Structured Low-Rank Tensors for Generalized Linear Models
Creators: name: Taki, Batoul
name: Sarwate, Anand D.
name: Bajwa, Waheed U.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Recent works have shown that imposing tensor structures on the coefficient tensor in regression problems can lead to more reliable parameter estimation and lower sample complexity compared to vector-based methods. This work investigates a new low-rank tensor model, called Low Separation Rank (LSR), in Generalized Linear Model (GLM) problems. The LSR model -- which generalizes the well-known Tucker and CANDECOMP/PARAFAC (CP) models, and is a special case of the Block Tensor Decomposition (BTD) model -- is imposed onto the coefficient tensor in the GLM model. This work proposes a block coordinate descent algorithm for parameter estimation in LSR-structured tensor GLMs. Most importantly, it derives a minimax lower bound on the error threshold on estimating the coefficient tensor in LSR tensor GLM problems. The minimax bound is proportional to the intrinsic degrees of freedom in the LSR tensor GLM problem, suggesting that its sample complexity may be significantly lower than that of vectorized GLMs. This result can also be specialised to lower bound the estimation error in CP and Tucker-structured GLMs. The derived bounds are comparable to tight bounds in the literature for Tucker linear regression, and the tightness of the minimax lower bound is further assessed numerically. Finally, numerical experiments on synthetic datasets demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed LSR tensor model for three regression types (linear, logistic and Poisson). Experiments on a collection of medical imaging datasets demonstrate the usefulness of the LSR model over other tensor models (Tucker and CP) on real, imbalanced data with limited available samples.
description: 43 pages; published in Transactions on Machine Learning Research (08/2023)