cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Physics of CMBR Anisotropies
Creators: name: Subramanian, Kandaswamy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The observed structures in the universe are thought to have arisen from gravitational instability acting on small fluctuations generated in the early universe. These spatial fluctuations are imprinted on the CMBR as angular anisotropies. The physics which connects initial fluctuations in the early universe to the observed anisotropies is fairly well understood, since for most part it involves linear perturbation theory. This makes CMBR anisotropies one of the cleanest probes of the initial fluctuations, various cosmological parameters governing their evolution and also the geometry of the universe. We review here in a fairly pedagogical manner the physics of the CMBR anisotropies and explain the role they play in probing cosmological parameters, especially in the light of the latest observations from the WMAP satellite.
description: 23 pages, 2 figures, Invited article; to appear in Current Science (special section on Cosmology)
Feedforward control for wave disturbance rejection on floating offshore wind turbines
Creators: name: Al, Mees
name: Fontanella, Alessandro
name: van der Hoek, Daan
name: Liu, Yichao
name: Belloli, Marco
name: van Wingerden, Jan-Willem
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Floating offshore wind turbines allow wind energy to be harvested in deep waters. However, additional dynamics and structural loads may result when the floating platform is being excited by wind and waves. In this work, the conventional wind turbine controller is complemented with a novel linear feedforward controller based on wave measurements. The objective of the feedforward controller is to attenuate rotor speed variations caused by wave forcing. To design this controller, a linear model is developed that describes the system response to incident waves. The performance of the feedback-feedforward controller is assessed by a high-fidelity numerical tool using the DTU 10MW turbine and the INNWIND.EU TripleSpar platform as references. Simulations in the presence of irregular waves and turbulent wind show that the feedforward controller effectively compensates the wave-induced rotor oscillations. The novel controller is able to reduce the rotor speed variance by 26%. As a result, the remaining rotor speed variance is only 4% higher compared to operation in still water.
description: Initial submission to the Science of Making Torque from Wind (TORQUE) 2020 conference, 10 pages, 7 figures
Tumours in 177 pet hamsters
Creators: name: Rother, Nancy
name: Bertram, Christof A.
name: Klopfleisch, Robert
name: Fragoso‐Garcia, Marco
name: Bomhard, Wolf V.
name: Schandelmaier, Claudia
name: Müller, Kerstin
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: dwarf hamster
subject: neoplasms
subject: small mammals
subject: Syrian hamster
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::630 Landwirtschaft::630 Landwirtschaft und verwandte Bereiche

description: Background: Even though tumours are considered to occur frequently in pet hamsters, there is only a small number of scientific reports in current literature. Methods: Pathological reports from 177 hamsters were evaluated. Results: Of these, 78 were male and 75 were female. Median age of affected hamsters was 12 months (range 2–34). Integumental tumours were the most common neoplasms (62%, 109/177). As far as species was known, the number of Syrian hamsters (52%, 30/58) affected by tumours seemed to be lower than the number of affected dwarf hamsters (85%, 47/55). Tumours of the hematopoietic system were the second most frequently neoplasms (17%, 30/177). Relative number of neoplasms of the endocrine system, tumours of the digestive system (1.7%, 3/177) and other tumours (4%, 7/177 each) was low. The majority of integumental tumours were epithelial (66%; 91/126). Conclusion: This study aimed to analyze data from veterinary surgeries and pathological institutes about the occurrence of spontaneous tumours in Syrian hamsters and dwarf hamsters to give information about the frequency of tumours, prognosis and survival time. This is the first study about tumours in pet hamsters in Germany so far.
Tidal Evolution of the Evection Resonance/Quasi-Resonance and the Angular Momentum of the Earth-Moon System
Creators: name: Rufu, Raluca
name: Canup, Robin M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Forming the Moon by a high-angular momentum impact may explain the Earth-Moon isotopic similarities, however, the post-impact angular momentum needs to be reduced by a factor of 2 or more to the current value (1 L_EM) after the Moon forms. Capture into the evection resonance, occurring when the lunar perigee precession period equals one year, could remove the angular momentum excess. However the appropriate angular momentum removal appears sensitive to the tidal model and chosen tidal parameters. In this work, we use a constant-time delay tidal model to explore the Moon's orbital evolution through evection. We find that exit from formal evection occurs early and that subsequently, the Moon enters a quasi-resonance regime, in which evection still regulates the lunar eccentricity even though the resonance angle is no longer librating. Although not in resonance proper, during quasi-resonance angular momentum is continuously removed from the Earth-Moon system and transferred to Earth's heliocentric orbit. The final angular momentum, set by the timing of quasi-resonance escape, is a function of the ratio of tidal strength in the Moon and Earth and the absolute rate of tidal dissipation in the Earth. We consider a physically-motivated model for tidal dissipation in the Earth as the mantle cools from a molten to a partially molten state. We find that as the mantle solidifies, increased terrestrial dissipation drives the Moon out of quasi-resonance. For post-impact systems that contain >2 L_EM, final angular momentum values after quasi-resonance escape remain significantly higher than the current Earth-Moon value.
description: accepted to JGR-Planets
How Much Can Outlook Forecasts be Improved? An Application to the U.S. Hog Market
Creators: name: Colino, Evelyn V.
name: Irwin, Scott H.
name: Garcia, Philip
name: Colino, Evelyn V.
name: Irwin, Scott H.
name: Garcia, Philip
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: forecast
subject: futures
subject: models
subject: prices
subject: time-series
subject: vector autoregression

description: This study investigates the predictability of outlook hog price forecasts released by Iowa State University relative to alternative market and time-series forecasts. The findings suggest that predictive performance of the outlook hog price forecasts can be improved substantially. Under RMSE, VARs estimated with Bayesian procedures that allow for some degree of flexibility and model averaging consistently outperform Iowa outlook estimates at all forecast horizons. Evidence from the encompassing tests, which are highly stringent tests of forecast performance, indicates that many price forecasts do provide incremental information relative to Iowa. Simple combinations of these models and outlook forecasts are able to reduce forecast errors by economically significant levels. The value of the forecast information is highest at the first horizon and then gradually declines.
Dating COINS: Kinematic Ages for Compact Symmetric Objects
Creators: name: Gugliucci, N. E.
name: Taylor, G. B.
name: Peck, A. B.
name: Giroletti, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present multi-epoch VLBA observations of Compact Symmetric Objects (CSOs) from the COINS sample (CSOs Observed In the Northern Sky). These observations allow us to make estimates of, or place limits on, the kinematic ages for those sources with well-identified hot spots. This study significantly increases the number of CSOs with well-determined ages or limits. The age distribution is found to be sharply peaked under 500 years, suggesting that many CSOs die young, or are episodic in nature, and very few survive to evolve into FR II sources like Cygnus A. Jet components are found to have higher velocities than hot spots which is consistent with their movement down cleared channels. We also report on the first detections of significant polarization in two CSOs, J0000+4054 (2.1%) and J1826+1831 (8.8%). In both cases the polarized emission is found in jet components on the stronger side of the center of activity.
description: 34 pages including 7 figures, Accepted to ApJ on Dec 7, 2004
Hedging in Presence of Market Access Risk
Creators: name: Tonsor, Glynn T.
name: Tonsor, Glynn T.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: distiller grains
subject: hedging
subject: market access risk
subject: risk management

description: Existing literature predominantly assumes perfect knowledge of production methods when deriving optimal futures position hedging rules. This paper relaxes this assumption and recognizes situations where producers interested in hedging may not know the exact input mix that will subsequently be used in their physical operations. This uncertainty is built into a conceptual model subsequently used to demonstrate the impacts of this risk on optimal hedging behavior.
Symmetry-protected topological phases in the SU(N) Heisenberg spin chain: a Majorana-fermion approach
Creators: name: Fromholz, Pierre
name: Lecheminant, Philippe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nature of symmetry-protected topological phases of Heisenberg spin chains in totally symmetric representations of rank N of the SU(N) group is investigated through a Majorana fermion study starting from an integrable point. The latter approach generalizes the one pioneered by Tsvelik [A. M. Tsvelik, Phys. Rev. B 42, 10 499 (1990)] to describe the low-energy properties of the Haldane phase of the spin-1 Heisenberg chain from three massive Majorana fermions. We find for all N the emergence of a non-degenerate gapped phase with edge states whose topological protection depends on the parity of N. While for N odd there is no such protection, the phase with even N is shown to be topologically protected. We find that the phase belongs to the same topological class as the phase with edge states living in self-conjugate fully antisymmetric representation of the SU(N) group.
description: 11 pages, 1 appendix V2: -Added references -Corrected typos
Additional file 1 of A new method to assess the acute toxicity toward honeybees of the abrasion particles generated from seeds coated with insecticides
Creators: name: Lentola, Andrea
name: Giorio, Chiara
name: Toffolo, Edoardo Petrucco
name: Girolami, Vincenzo
name: Tapparo, Andrea
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 1. Additional tables.
Quantum Monte Carlo Algorithm Based on Two-Body Density Functional Theory for Fermionic Many-Body Systems: Application to 3He
Creators: name: Hetenyi, Balazs
name: Brualla, L.
name: Fantoni, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct a quantum Monte Carlo algorithm for interacting fermions using the two-body density as the fundamental quantity. The central idea is mapping the interacting fermionic system onto an auxiliary system of interacting bosons. The correction term is approximated using correlated wave functions for the interacting system, resulting in an effective potential that represents the nodal surface. We calculate the properties of 3He and find good agreement with experiment and with other theoretical work. In particular, our results for the total energy agree well with other calculations where the same approximations were implemented but the standard quantum Monte Carlo algorithm was used
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, 1 table
The Marketing Performance of Illinois and Kansas Wheat Farmers
Creators: name: Dietz, Sarah N.
name: Aulerich, Nicole M.
name: Irwin, Scott H.
name: Good, Darrel L.
name: Dietz, Sarah N.
name: Aulerich, Nicole M.
name: Irwin, Scott H.
name: Good, Darrel L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: benchmarks
subject: Illinois
subject: Kansas
subject: marketing
subject: performance
subject: price
subject: wheat

description: The purpose of this paper is to investigate the marketing performance of wheat farmers in Illinois and Kansas over 1982-2004. The results show that farmer benchmark prices for wheat in Illinois and Kansas fall in the middle-third of the price range about half to three-quarters of the time. Consistent with previous studies, this refutes the contention that Illinois and Kansas wheat farmers routinely market the bulk of their wheat crop in the bottom portion of the price range. Tests of the average difference between farmer and market benchmark prices are sensitive to the market benchmark considered. Marketing performance of wheat farmers in Illinois and Kansas is about equal to the market if 24- or 20-month market benchmarks are used, is slightly above the market if a 12-month price benchmark is used, and is significantly less than the market if the harvest benchmark is used. The sensitivity of marketing performance to the market benchmark considered is explained by the seasonal pattern of prices. While Illinois producers performed slightly better than their counterparts in Kansas, notable differences in performance across these two geographic areas is not observed.
Noch einmal zum illustrierten syrischen Evangeliar des Markusklosters in Jerusalem
Creators: name: Baumstark, Anton
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 9 (1911): Oriens christianus, Band 9
Implication of Cotton Price Behavior on Market Integration
Creators: name: Ge, Yuanlong
name: Wang, H. Holly
name: Ahn, Sung K.
name: Ge, Yuanlong
name: Wang, H. Holly
name: Ahn, Sung K.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: cotton futures prices
subject: cointegration
subject: granger causality test
subject: AR-GARCH.

description: The cotton market in China is highly interactive with international markets, especially, the US market. The prices in these two markets can reveal important market relations. Investigating the data of futures prices from the New York Board of Trade (NYBOT) and the Zhengzhou Commodity Exchange (CZCE) using several time series methods, we find a long-run cointegration relationship between these I(1) series. Furthermore, a bi-directional Granger Causality between these two futures markets is detected with Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity (GARCH) error specifications. We also find the relationship is impacted by the Chinese exchange rate policy change in the 2005.
Additional file 2 of Inhibition of multiple defense responsive pathways by CaWRKY70 transcription factor promotes susceptibility in chickpea under Fusarium oxysporum stress condition
Creators: name: Joydeep Chakraborty
name: Senjuti Sen
name: Prithwi Ghosh
name: Akansha Jain
name: Das, Sampa
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2 Table S1. Statistics of the top five clusters of CaWRKY70-DNA complex generated by HADDOCK server.
The experience of parent-adolescent conversation from the adolescent’s perspective
Creators: name: Eugster, Katherine Elizabeth
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This study explored the experience of eleven adolescents in the context of having a conversation with his or her parent. The adolescents were interviewed individually using a semi-structured format in order to obtain detailed descriptions of the adolescent's experience of having a conversation with a parent. A phenomenological approach was used for data analysis incorporating horizonalization, transformation, and synthesis, which resulted in individual and general structural descriptions of the experience. Two main categories of meaning were extracted: (1) the adolescent's experience of expressing independence from the parent, and (2) the adolescent's experience of feeling close and connected to the parent. Within these two main categories, core themes of the experience were also extracted and were as follows: (a) adolescent experiences expressing his or her point of view, (b) adolescent experiences the parent expressing his or her point of view, (c) adolescent experiences making a request, (d) adolescent experiences the parent making a demand, (e) adolescent experiences feeling comfortable talking with the parent, (f) adolescent experiences the parent supporting him or her, (g) adolescent experiences supporting the parent, and (h) adolescent experiences understanding the parent. The findings suggest how parents can help their adolescent children express themselves in appropriate ways, and at the same time, help the adolescent maintain closeness and connection with the parent. Ultimately, the goal is to strengthen the parent-adolescent relationship.
Food Accessibility in the Inner City: What Have We Learned, A Literature Review 1963-2006
Creators: name: Wendt, Minh
name: Kinsey, Jean D.
name: Kaufman, Phillip R.
name: Wendt, Minh
name: Kinsey, Jean D.
name: Kaufman, Phillip R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety

description: It has often been asserted that residents in inner-cities are disadvantaged by the price, quality, and variety of groceries sold in their communities. This assertion raises fundamental questions about the accessibility and affordability of fresh food and groceries in low income and/or ethnically concentrated urban neighborhoods. These issues have been addressed and examined by a number of studies since the 1960’s. The results of many of these studies are summarized and discussed in five categories in this review of literature: (i) accessibility of food in inner-cities, (ii) availability and variety of food choices, (iii) affordability of food, (iv) behavior factors, and (v) public and private initiatives that focus on the issue of reviving inner-city business environment. Defining accessibility to healthy food is problematic; distance to a supermarket is an imperfect measure. Prices are most often observed to be higher in inner city stores but research evidence is not conclusive. Evidence on the cost of store operation is mixed. Dense populations in inner cities can lead to higher sales per square foot and high price elasticity of demand for lower income consumers leads to downward pressure on prices. Public policy to revive inner city food retailing and changing demographics of inner cities is providing new opportunities for retail food stores.
description: Replaced with revised version of paper 08/01/08.
Graph Neural Networks in Particle Physics
Creators: name: Shlomi, Jonathan
name: Battaglia, Peter
name: Vlimant, Jean-Roch
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Particle physics is a branch of science aiming at discovering the fundamental laws of matter and forces. Graph neural networks are trainable functions which operate on graphs---sets of elements and their pairwise relations---and are a central method within the broader field of geometric deep learning. They are very expressive and have demonstrated superior performance to other classical deep learning approaches in a variety of domains. The data in particle physics are often represented by sets and graphs and as such, graph neural networks offer key advantages. Here we review various applications of graph neural networks in particle physics, including different graph constructions, model architectures and learning objectives, as well as key open problems in particle physics for which graph neural networks are promising.
description: 29 pages, 11 figures, submitted to Machine Learning: Science and Technology, Focus on Machine Learning for Fundamental Physics collection
Can we Consider a Posteriorly Displaced radial head fracture the "footprint" of an Elbow Dislocation?
Creators: name: M. Hartwich
name: A. Fernández
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: elbow fracture
proximal radius
radial head
radial head fracture
elbow dislocation
lateral condyle

description: When a large fragment of the radial head (>50%) is found behind the lateral condyle, can we assume a spontaneously reduced elbow dislocation occurred?
Zur Geschichte der Philosophie in der nestorianischen Kirche
Creators: name: Diettrich, G.
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 9 (1911): Oriens christianus, Band 9
266 E+A Galaxies Selected from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 2: The Origin of E+A Galaxies
Creators: name: Goto, Tomotsugu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: E+A galaxies are characterized as a galaxy with strong Balmer absorption lines but without any [OII] nor H$α$ emission lines. The existence of strong Balmer absorption lines indicates that E+A galaxies have experienced starburst within recent one Gyr. However, the lack of [OII] and H$α$ emission lines indicates that E+A galaxies do not have any on-going star formation. Therefore, E+A galaxies are interpreted as a post-starburst galaxy. For many years, however, it has been a mystery why E+A galaxies started starburst and why they quenched the star formation abruptly. Using one of the largest samples of 266 E+A galaxies carefully selected from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 2, we have investigated the environment of E+A galaxies from 50 kpc to 8 Mpc scale, i.e., from a typical distance to satellite galaxies to the scale of large scale structures. We found that E+A galaxies have excess of local galaxy density only at a scale of $<100$ kpc (with a two $σ$ significance), but not at the cluster scale ($\sim$1.5 Mpc) nor in the scale of large scale structure ($\sim$8 Mpc). These results indicate that E+A galaxies are not created by the physical mechanisms associated with galaxy clusters or the large scale structure, but are likely to be created by the dynamical interaction with closely accompanying galaxies at a $
description: 2005, MNRAS, 357, 937
Organic Premiums of U.S. Fresh Produce
Creators: name: Smith, Travis A.
name: Lin, Biing-Hwan
name: Huang, Chung L.
name: Smith, Travis A.
name: Lin, Biing-Hwan
name: Huang, Chung L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: fresh fruits and vegetables
subject: hedonic price
subject: organic produce
subject: organic premium
subject: product attributes
subject: Nielsen Homescan

description: The study uses the 2005 Nielsen Homescan panel data to estimate price premiums and discounts associated with product attributes, market factors, and consumer characteristics, focusing on the organic attribute for 5 major fresh fruits and 5 major fresh vegetables in the United States. The results suggest that the organic attribute commands a significant price premium, which varies greatly from 13 cents per pound for bananas to 86 cents per pound for strawberries among fresh fruits and from 13 cents per pound for onions to 50 cents per pound for peppers among fresh vegetables. In terms of percentages, the estimated organic price premiums vary from 20% above prices paid for conventional grapes to 42% for strawberries among fresh fruits and from 15% above prices paid for conventional carrots and tomatoes to 60% for potatoes. Furthermore, prices paid for fresh produce are found to vary by other product attributes, market factors, and household characteristics.
Instrumentation for high-resolution laser spectroscopy at the ALTO radioactive-beam facility
Creators: name: Yordanov, D. T.
name: Atanasov, D.
name: Bissell, M. L.
name: Franchoo, S.
name: Georgiev, G.
name: Kanellakopoulos, A.
name: Lechner, S.
name: Ramirez, E. Minaya
name: Nichita, D.
name: Rodríguez, L. V.
name: Said, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Collinear laser spectroscopy is one of the essential tools for nuclear-structure studies. It allows nuclear electromagnetic properties of ground and isomeric states to be extracted with high experimental precision. Radioactive-beam facilities worldwide strive to introduce such capabilities or to improve existing ones. Here we present the implementation of collinear laser spectroscopy at the ALTO research laboratory, along with data from successful off-line commissioning using sodium beam. The instrumental constituents are discussed with emphasis on simple technical solutions and maximized use of standard equipment. Potential future applications are outlined.
Approach to equilibrium in adiabatically evolving potentials
Creators: name: Samanta, H. S.
name: Bhattacharjee, J. K.
name: Ramaswamy, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For a potential function (in one dimension) which evolves from a specified initial form $V_{i}(x)$ to a different $V_{f}(x)$ asymptotically, we study the evolution, in an overdamped dynamics, of an initial probability density to its final equilibeium.There can be unexpected effects that can arise from the time dependence. We choose a time variation of the form $V(x,t)=V_{f}(x)+(V_{i}-V_{f})e^{-λt}$. For a $V_{f}(x)$, which is double welled and a $V_{i}(x)$ which is simple harmonic, we show that, in particular, if the evolution is adiabatic, the results in a decrease in the Kramers time characteristics of $V_{f}(x)$. Thus the time dependence makes diffusion over a barrier more efficient. There can also be interesting resonance effects when $V_{i}(x)$ and $V_{f}(x)$ are two harmonic potentials displaced with respect to each other that arise from the coincidence of the intrinsic time scale characterising the potential variation and the Kramers time.
description: This paper contains 5 pages
Industrial specialisation and geographic concentration: Two sides of the same coin? Not for the European Union
Creators: name: Aiginger, Karl
name: Davies, Stephen W.
name: Aiginger, Karl
name: Davies, Stephen W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: structural change
subject: geographical concentration
subject: industrial specialisation
subject: European integration
subject: entropy

description: Some recent studies have shown that specialisation of countries has tended to increase, while regional concentration of countries has tended to decrease. This seems to be counterintuitive at first glance. In this paper, we use the entropy index - as the indicator of structural change with the neatest aggregation properties to show how this divergence can happen. The main purpose of the paper is methodological, but we also apply the methodology to a specific case study: Manufacturing in the European Union since 1985. We confirm for this interesting period that increasing industrial specialisation has been offset by faster growth in the smaller Member States, with the net effect that industries have become somewhat less geographically concentrated. In terms of economic geography the evidence is in line with the second part of the inverted U-curve (where decreasing transport costs eventually foster de-concentration). This is no contradiction to increasing specialisation of countries in specific industries as predicted by many models in the old as well as the new trade theory.
Additional file 1 of Inhibition of multiple defense responsive pathways by CaWRKY70 transcription factor promotes susceptibility in chickpea under Fusarium oxysporum stress condition
Creators: name: Joydeep Chakraborty
name: Senjuti Sen
name: Prithwi Ghosh
name: Akansha Jain
name: Das, Sampa
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1 Figure S1. Subcellular localization of control YFP and CaWRKY70-YFP after transient expression in onion epidermal cells by Agrobacterium. Bars represent 250 μm. Red and white arrows indicate nucleus and cytoplasm, respectively. Figure S2. PCR amplification of CaWRKY70 gene cloned in pCAMBIA2301 vector after resolved on 1.2% agarose gel. Lane-M denotes DNA molecular weight marker in kilobases (kb). Lane-1, 2, and 3 show positive clones. Red arrows indicate CaWRKY70 PCR amplicons. Figure S3. Homology modelling and Ramachandran plot calculation of CaWRKY70 protein. a, b and c Predicted structure of CaWRKY70 showing five anti-parallel β-strands. d, e Qualitative assessment of stereo chemical and spatial arrangement of amino acids present on CaWRKY70 protein using RAMPAGE server. Figure S4. MUG assay quantitation of CaWRKY70 mediated reduction in pWRKY40-GUS activity. Plus (+) and minus (−) signs show presence or absence of the specific components. Error bars represent ±SD (n = 5). Asterisks (*) indicate values are different from one another in statistically significant manner as determined by Student’s t test (*** P
Cascade of phase transitions and Dirac revivals in magic-angle graphene
Creators: name: Zondiner, U.
name: Rozen, A.
name: Rodan-Legrain, D.
name: Cao, Y.
name: Queiroz, R.
name: Taniguchi, T.
name: Watanabe, K.
name: Oreg, Y.
name: Oppen, Felix Von
name: Stern, Ady
name: Berg, E.
name: Jarillo-Herrero, P.
name: Ilani, S.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Electronic properties and devices
subject: Electronic properties and materials
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::539 Moderne Physik

description: Twisted bilayer graphene near the magic angle1,2,3,4 exhibits rich electron-correlation physics, displaying insulating3,4,5,6, magnetic7,8 and superconducting phases4,5,6. The electronic bands of this system were predicted1,2,3,,2 to narrow markedly9,10 near the magic angle, leading to a variety of possible symmetry-breaking ground states11,12,13,14,15,16,17. Here, using measurements of the local electronic compressibility, we show that these correlated phases originate from a high-energy state with an unusual sequence of band population. As carriers are added to the system, the four electronic ‘flavours’, which correspond to the spin and valley degrees of freedom, are not filled equally. Rather, they are populated through a sequence of sharp phase transitions, which appear as strong asymmetric jumps of the electronic compressibility near integer fillings of the moiré lattice. At each transition, a single spin/valley flavour takes all the carriers from its partially filled peers, ‘resetting’ them to the vicinity of the charge neutrality point. As a result, the Dirac-like character observed near charge neutrality reappears after each integer filling. Measurement of the in-plane magnetic field dependence of the chemical potential near filling factor one reveals a large spontaneous magnetization, further substantiating this picture of a cascade of symmetry breaking. The sequence of phase transitions and Dirac revivals is observed at temperatures well above the onset of the superconducting and correlated insulating states. This indicates that the state that we report here, with its strongly broken electronic flavour symmetry and revived Dirac-like electronic character, is important in the physics of magic-angle graphene, forming the parent state out of which the more fragile superconducting and correlated insulating ground states emerge.
Response to Comment on "Reexamining $f(R,T)$ Gravity''
Creators: name: Fisher, Sarah B.
name: Carlson, Eric D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Harko and Moraes claim that in $f(R,T)$ gravity with $f(R,T)=f_1(R)+f_2(T)$, the term $f_2(T)$ cannot be incorporated in the matter Lagrangian ${\cal L}_m$. A careful examination of their Comment finds that they have made several dubious assumptions without indicating any errors in our work. Most notably, they have unjustifiably claimed that the two terms ${\cal L}_m$ and $f_2(T)$ are of ``different origin,'' and their inference that only the first contributes to the energy momentum tensor is arbitrary. Also significant, their derivation of equations of motion from a Lagrangian formulation, imposing conservation constraints {\it ad hoc} rather than via Lagrange multipliers, leads to inconsistent conclusions.
Option contracts for online celebrities as retailers in supply chains
Creators: name: Zijie Tang
name: Desheng Dash Wu
name: Dolgui, Alexandre
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: The online celebrity economy, also called the internet celebrity economy, is growing rapidly in China. Celebrity retailers are usually demand sensitive and capital constrained. The capital constraints along with information asymmetry often render supply chains inefficient when manufacturers are producing at non-optimal levels. Few studies have shed light on the online celebrity supply chain, especially with respect to options. In this study, we examine how option contracts can coordinate supply chains. We find that a capital-constrained retailer can achieve more profitable orders when given an option. The manufacturer – without the full information of market demand – also benefits from offering an option to the retailer. Our numerical case shows that the options contract generates different payoffs depending on the capital of the retailer.
Probing the curvature of the Universe from supernova measurement
Creators: name: Wang, Bin
name: Gong, Yungui
name: Su, Ru-Keng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the possibility to probe the spatial geometry of the Universe by supernova measurement of the cubic correction to the luminosity distance. We illustrate with an accelerating universe model with infinite-volume extra dimensions, for which the 1$σ$ level supernova results indicate that the Universe is closed.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures, revised version, accepted for publication in Physics Letters B
Nouvelles de l´Éléona
Creators: name: Pères Blancs, Léon Cré Des
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 9 (1911): Oriens christianus, Band 9
How Mexico's Dairy Industry Has Evolved Under the NAFTA - Implications for U.S. Dairy Exporters and U.S. Investors in Mexico's Dairy-Food Businesses
Creators: name: Dobson, William D.
name: Proctor, Richard
name: Dobson, William D.
name: Proctor, Richard
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: International Development
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: NAFTA
subject: Maturing Mexican Dairy Markets
subject: U.S. Dairy Exports to Mexico

description: This Discussion Paper shows that the demand for imported dairy products will continue to be strong in Mexico, especially after the 2001-2002 recession ends. However, Mexico's dairy markets have matured under the NAFTA. As part of the maturity, a larger number of strong domestic firms have emerged and powerful European multi-nationals have increased dairy product sales in Mexico. In addition, the expansion of U.S. exports of fluid milk, yogurt, dried whey, and lactose to Mexico will be slow in near future because U.S. market shares of imports of these products are already large. Thus, Mexico's dairy markets no longer represent "low hanging fruit" (if they ever did) for U.S. dairy exporters and direct investors
Technology Adoption and Off-Farm Household Income: The Case of Herbicide-Tolerant Soybeans
Creators: name: Fernandez-Cornejo, Jorge
name: Hendricks, Chad
name: Mishra, Ashok K.
name: Fernandez-Cornejo, Jorge
name: Hendricks, Chad
name: Mishra, Ashok K.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: agricultural household model
subject: biotechnology
subject: herbicide tolerant soybeans
subject: off-farm income
subject: technology adoption

description: We model the interaction of off-farm work and adoption of agricultural technologies and the impact of adopting these technologies on farm household income from on farm and off-farm sources after controlling for such interaction, and estimate the model for the case of adoption of herbicide-tolerant (HT) soybeans using a nationwide survey of soybean farms for 2000. We find that adoption of HT soybeans is positively and significantly related to off-farm household income for U.S. soybean farmers, after controlling for other factors. In addition, while on-farm household income is not significantly related to adoption, total household income increases significantly with adoption.
Quantum-enhanced stochastic phase estimation with SU(1,1) interferometer
Creators: name: Zheng, Kaimin
name: Mi, Minghao
name: Wang, Ben
name: Hu, Liyun
name: Liu, Shengshuai
name: Lou, Yanbo
name: Jing, Jietai
name: Zhang, Lijian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quantum stochastic phase estimation has many applications in the precise measurement of various physical parameters. Similar to the estimation of a constant phase, there is a standard quantum limit for stochastic phase estimation, which can be obtained with the Mach-Zehnder interferometer and coherent input state. Recently, it has been shown that the stochastic standard quantum limit can be surpassed with non-classical resources such as the squeezed light. However, practical methods to achieve the quantum enhancement in the stochastic phase estimation remains largely unexplored. Here we propose a method utilizing the SU(1,1) interferometer and coherent input states to estimate a stochastic optical phase. As an example, we investigate the Ornstein-Uhlenback stochastic phase. We analyze the performance of this method for three key estimation problems: prediction, tracking and smoothing. The results show significant reduction of the mean square error compared with the Mach-Zehnder interferometer under the same photon number flux inside the interferometers. In particular, we show that the method with the SU(1,1) interferometer can achieve the fundamental quantum scaling, the stochastic Heisenberg scaling, and surpass the precision of the canonical measurement.
Additional file 5 of Classification of long-term very long period (VLP) volcanic earthquakes at Whakaari/White Island volcano, New Zealand
Creators: name: Park, Iseul
name: Jolly, Arthur
name: Lokmer, Ivan
name: Kennedy, Ben
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 5. Cumulative amplitude of F1 (blue) and F2 (red). The seven eruptions are denoted by reversed triangles (red). Time map of two VLP families (F1 and F2). Axes indicate the time intervals between each VLP and its preceding (x axis) and subsequent (y axis) events. Swarm and intermittent VLPs are separately clustered.
Unquenched QCD Dirac Operator Spectra at Nonzero Baryon Chemical Potential
Creators: name: Akemann, G.
name: Osborn, J. C.
name: Splittorff, K.
name: Verbaarschot, J. J. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The microscopic spectral density of the QCD Dirac operator at nonzero baryon chemical potential for an arbitrary number of quark flavors was derived recently from a random matrix model with the global symmetries of QCD. In this paper we show that these results and extensions thereof can be obtained from the replica limit of a Toda lattice equation. This naturally leads to a factorized form into bosonic and fermionic QCD-like partition functions. In the microscopic limit these partition functions are given by the static limit of a chiral Lagrangian that follows from the symmetry breaking pattern. In particular, we elucidate the role of the singularity of the bosonic partition function in the orthogonal polynomials approach. A detailed discussion of the spectral density for one and two flavors is given.
description: 27 pages, 7 figures, v2 ref added and figure labels corrected
The steady-state of heterogeneous catalysis, studied by first-principles statistical mechanics
Creators: name: Reuter, Karsten
name: Frenkel, Daan
name: Scheffler, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The turn-over frequency of the catalytic oxidation of CO at RuO2(110) was calculated as function of temperature and partial pressures using ab initio statistical mechanics. The underlying energetics of the gas-phase molecules, dissociation, adsorption, surface diffusion, surface chemical reactions, and desorption were obtained by all-electron density-functional theory. The resulting CO2 formation rate [in the full (T, p_CO, p_O2)-space], the movies displaying the atomic motion and reactions over times scales from picoseconds to seconds, and the statistical analyses provide insights into the concerted actions ruling heterogeneous catalysis and open thermodynamic systems in general.
description: 4 pages including 3 figures, Related publications can be found at http://www.fhi-berlin.mpg.de/th/paper.html
Health Demands Moderate the Link Between Willpower Beliefs and Physical Activity in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis
Creators: name: Di Maio, Sally
name: Keller, Jan
name: Job, Veronika
name: Felsenberg, Dieter
name: Ertel, Wolfgang
name: Schwarzer, Ralf
name: Knoll, Nina
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Osteoarthritis
subject: Self-control
subject: Willpower beliefs
subject: Physical activity
subject: Depressive symptoms
subject: Accelerometer
subject: 100 Philosophie und Psychologie::150 Psychologie::150 Psychologie

description: Background Regular physical activity (PA) was found to alleviate pain and improve functioning among patients with osteoarthritis of the knee (OAK). Heightened health demands due to OAK severity, body mass index (BMI), and depressive symptoms may require self-regulatory strategies to engage in more PA. Research on willpower—the capacity to exert self-control—suggests that believing that willpower is a nonlimited rather than a limited resource predicts effective self-regulation specifically when demands are high. The present study examines the association of OAK patients’ willpower beliefs with their daily PA as a function of health demands. Methods To identify the moderating role of OAK severity (WOMAC), BMI, and depressive symptoms (CES-D) on the link between willpower beliefs and objectively assessed PA over a 7-day period, baseline data of a registered randomized controlled trial with 243 patients (Mage = 65.47 years, SD = 0.49) were examined in secondary analyses. Results Moderation analyses revealed that overall positive associations of willpower beliefs with PA were further qualified by OAK severity, BMI, and depressive symptoms. When patients faced less health demands, believing that willpower is nonlimited was associated with more PA. When health demands were higher, willpower beliefs were not associated with PA. Conclusion OAK patients’ willpower beliefs were associated with PA. However, facing more health demands seemed to erase this beneficial link. Improving willpower beliefs by way of intervention may help to shed more light on predictive direction and ways to overcome barriers to regular physical activity.
Do rBST-Free and Organic Milk Stigmatize Conventionally Produced Milk?
Creators: name: Kanter, Christopher
name: Messer, Kent D.
name: Kaiser, Harry M.
name: Kanter, Christopher
name: Messer, Kent D.
name: Kaiser, Harry M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis

description: Producers are continually seeking to differentiate their products in the marketplace. A common approach is via labeling where differences in production methods are marketed. Yet, positive labeling for the new product has the potential to stigmatize the conventionally produced product by highlighting perceived problems with the product. The net economic result can be negative to producers as the conventional product that dominates the market is stigmatized by the new product that has little market share, and this leads to consumers decreasing their willingness to pay for the conventional product. This experimental research identifies this stigma effect in the case of milk, where the presentation of rBST-Free milk reduces consumers' willingness to purchase conventional milk.