cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Créer un abécédaire avec ses élèves, une méthode efficace pour développer la connaissance des lettres ?
title: Créer un abécédaire avec ses élèves, une méthode efficace pour développer la connaissance des lettres ?
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Rithner, Marine
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 0
Subjects: subject: Lecture
subject: Correspondances graphèmes-phonèmes simples / apprentissage des lettres
subject: Abécédaire
subject: Motivation scolaire
subject: Pédagogie du projet
subject: Difficultés scolaires

description: Notre travail s’intéresse à l’apprentissage de la lecture pour les élèves en difficultés, et plus précisément à la mémorisation des correspondances graphèmes-phonèmes simples et donc à l’apprentissage des lettres. Il s’interroge sur l’enjeu de la motivation scolaire en lien avec une pédagogie de projet, de par la réalisation d’un abécédaire personnalisé avec les élèves. Quels en sont les effets sur l’apprentissage des correspondances graphèmes-phonèmes simples ? Après avoir développé ces différents concepts et réalisé un état de la question, nous avons émis différentes hypothèses. Nous avons parlé par exemple du fait que l’abécédaire personnalisé permettrait aux élèves de développer plus rapidement leurs connaissances que d’autres méthodes, puisqu’ils peuvent donner du sens en partant de leurs représentations et souhaits, la place étant laissée à leur auto-détermination. De plus, le projet permettrait des entrées multiples dans l’apprentissage des lettres (visuel, écriture, etc.). Notre recherche a été menée avec quatre de nos élèves de 3H, faibles connaisseurs des lettres au début du projet. Le dispositif proposé s’est réalisé en trois phases : observation de l’évolution naturelle des élèves et/ou selon la méthode mise en place en classe, réalisation de l’abécédaire et phase de maintien. Nous avons mesuré grâce à différents instruments la progression quantitative des élèves au niveau de leurs connaissances des correspondances graphèmesphonèmes, mais avons également passé des questionnaires sur la motivation et les mécanismes mobilisés. Après analyse et interprétation des résultats, nous remarquons que l’élaboration de l’abécédaire a eu des effets bénéfiques sur l’apprentissage des correspondances graphèmes-phonèmes. Les élèves ont pu entrer dans une démarche personnelle, ce qui a développé leur motivation intrinsèque face aux apprentissages et qui a été vecteur de progression globale. En conclusion, nous proposons une distance critique, revenons sur les forces mais aussi certains biais de notre travail. Nous proposons alors des prolongements et revenons sur nos motivations personnelles et les apprentissages que nous retirons de notre recherche.
INFORMATION WAR AS A MECHANISM OF CONDUCTING INTERNATIONAL COMPETITION BY THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
Creators: name: Banasik, Mirosław
name: Soboń, Andrzej
Publisher: name: Wiedza Obronna
Year: 2022

description: The article focuses on information war used by the Russian Federation as part of its holistic approach to conducting international competition. Through a critical analysis of Russian literature and operational practice, the mechanisms of its application and challenges to the security of European states were identified. Through the research it was established that the Russian perception of contemporary international rivalry is based on the idea of playing out the struggle in people's minds, and its foundation is the concept of new generation war. The article justifies that information war is a holistic concept of influencing people's cognitive sphere and forming their behavioral attitudes in line with Russia's expectations. Moreover, it is suggested that in the strategic dimension, information war allows to achieve the goals of international rivalry or create conditions for achieving them, without the need for military force. In this context, conducting information campaigns integrated with psychological operations in cyberspace is a weapon of the Russian government, which is used to discredit legitimate authorities and weaken the political, economic and social systems of European states.
description: Wiedza Obronna, Tom 279 Nr 2 (2022)
Maximally symmetric nuts in 4d $\mathcal{N}=2$ higher derivative supergravity
Creators: name: Hristov, Kiril
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We initiate a systematic study of supersymmetric backgrounds in 4d $\mathcal{N}=2$ Euclidean supergravity in the presence of infinite towers of higher derivative corrections. Adopting a Gibbons-Hawking view towards the evaluation of the action in terms of nuts and bolts, we consider the two maximally symmetric vacua $\mathbb{R}^4$ and $\mathbb{H}^4$ (Euclidean AdS$_4$) and their unique supersymmetric deformations with (anti-) self-dual Maxwell tensors corresponding to a single nut at the center. These are the Omega background of Nekrasov-Okounkov, $Ω\, \mathbb{R}^4$, and its generalization with a cosmological constant of Martelli-Passias-Sparks, denoted $Ω\, \mathbb{H}^4$ (also known as the gravity dual of the $U(1) \times U(1)$ squashed sphere). We write down the BPS configurations in the superconformal formalism in the presence of vector multiplets and derive the corresponding off- and on-shell actions. Our results provide a rigorous proof for important parts of the conjecture in arXiv:2111.06903 and its holographic corollary in arXiv:2204.02992, which we discuss in detail along with extensions such as the addition of hypermultiplets and the presence of conical defects.
description: 35 pages; v2 minor correction
On the Interaction between Turbulence and a Planar Rarefaction
Creators: name: Johnson, Bryan M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The modeling of turbulence, whether it be numerical or analytical, is a difficult challenge. Turbulence is amenable to analysis with linear theory if it is subject to rapid distortions, i.e., motions occurring on a time scale that is short compared to the time scale for non-linear interactions. Such an approach could prove useful for understanding aspects of astrophysical turbulence, which is often subject to rapid distortions, such as supernova explosions or the free-fall associated with gravitational instability. As a proof of principle, a particularly simple problem is considered here: the evolution of vorticity due to a planar rarefaction in an ideal gas. Vorticity can either grow or decay in the wake of a rarefaction front, and there are two competing effects that determine which outcome occurs: entropy fluctuations couple to the mean pressure gradient to produce vorticity via baroclinic effects, whereas vorticity is damped due to the conservation of angular momentum as the fluid expands. In the limit of purely entropic fluctuations in the ambient fluid, a strong rarefaction generates vorticity with a turbulent Mach number on the order of the root-mean square of the ambient entropy fluctuations. The analytical results are shown to compare well with results from two- and three-dimensional numerical simulations. Analytical solutions are also derived in the linear regime of Reynolds-averaged turbulence models. This highlights an inconsistency in standard turbulence models that prevents them from accurately capturing the physics of rarefaction-turbulence interaction. Finally, dimensional analysis of the equations indicates that rapid distortion of turbulence can give rise to two distinct regimes in the turbulent spectrum: a distortion range at large scales where linear distortion effects dominate, and an inertial range at small scales where non-linear effects dominate.
description: 19 pages, 25 figures, accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal
Hunting for Neighboring Open Clusters with Gaia DR3: 101 New Open Clusters within 500 pc
Creators: name: Qin, Songmei
name: Zhong, Jing
name: Tang, Tong
name: Chen, Li
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We systematically searched for open clusters in the solar neighborhood within 500 pc using pyUPMASK and HDBSCAN clustering algorithms based on {\it Gaia} DR3. Taking into consideration that the physical size for most open clusters is less than 50 pc, we adopted a slicing approach for different distance shells and identified 324 neighboring open clusters, including 223 reported open clusters and 101 newly discovered open clusters (named as OCSN, Open Cluster of Solar Neighborhood). Our discovery has increased the number of open clusters in the solar neighborhood by about 45\%. In this work, larger spatial extents and more member stars were attained for our cluster sample. We provided the member stars and the membership probabilities through the pyUPMASK algorithm for each cluster and derived their astrophysical, age, and structural parameters.
description: 32 pages, 10 figures
Phenolic composition, antioxidant, and cytotoxic effects on HeLa and HepG2 cancer cell lines of Mespilus germanica grown in Turkey
Creators: name: OZTURK UREK, Raziye
name: Yunusa, Umar Muazu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 30401 Biologically Active Molecules
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 30403 Characterisation of Biological Macromolecules
subject: 30501 Free Radical Chemistry
subject: 30502 Natural Products Chemistry

description: This study screened flavonoids and phenolic acids, antioxidant and cytotoxic effects of Mespilus germanica leaf and fruit samples. The RP-HPLC-DAD analysis allowed the identification of hesperidin, epicatechin, epigallocatechin, benzoic, p-hydroxybenzoic, vanillic, protocatechuic, syringic, caffeic, ferulic, sinapic and p-coumaric acids in various extracts. Fruit BHPA, leaf BPBH2, and leaf free flavan-3-ol extracts exhibited the largest DPPH, OH and NO radicals scavenging activity, respectively. Furthermore, fruit BPBH1, leaf BPAH2 and leaf BPBH1 extracts showed the highest ferrous ion chelation, ferric ion reducing power and FRAP value, respectively. Moreover, leaf flavone extract showed remarkable cytotoxicity on HepG2 (IC50 = 36.49±1.12 μg/mL) as well as strong •OH scavenging and Fe2+ chelation activities; similarly, leaf BPAH1 extract demonstrated excellent cytotoxicity on HeLa (IC50 = 36.24±1.89 μg/mL).
Temperature-resolution anomalies in the reconstruction of time dynamics from energy-loss experiments
Creators: name: Kogar, Anshul
name: Vig, Sean
name: Gan, Yu
name: Abbamonte, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Inelastic scattering techniques provide a powerful approach to studying electron and nuclear dynamics, via reconstruction of a propagator that quantifies the time evolution of a system. There is now growing interest in applying such methods to very low energy excitations, such as lattice vibrations, but in this limit the cross section is no longer proportional to a propagator. Significant deviations occur due to the finite temperature Bose statistics of the excitations. Here we consider this issue in the context of high-resolution electron energy loss experiments on the copper-oxide superconductor Bi$_2$Sr$_2$CaCu$_2$O$_{8+x}$. We find that simple division of a Bose factor yields an accurate propagator on energy scales greater than the resolution width. However, at low energy scales, the effects of resolution and finite temperature conspire to create anomalies in the dynamics at long times. We compare two practical ways for dealing with such anomalies, and discuss the range of validity of the technique in light of this comparison.
description: 19 pages, 2 figures, submitted to Journal of Physics B
Zero-Hopf bifurcation in the FitzHugh-Nagumo system
Creators: name: Vidal, Claudio
name: Llibre, Jaume
name: Euzebio, Rodrigo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We characterize the values of the parameters for which a zero--Hopf equilibrium point takes place at the singular points, namely, $O$ (the origin), $P_+$ and $P_-$ in the FitzHugh-Nagumo system. Thus we find two $2$--parameter families of the FitzHugh-Nagumo system for which the equilibrium point at the origin is a zero-Hopf equilibrium. For these two families we prove the existence of a periodic orbit bifurcating from the zero--Hopf equilibrium point $O$. We prove that exist three $2$--parameter families of the FitzHugh-Nagumo system for which the equilibrium point at $P_+$ and $P_-$ is a zero-Hopf equilibrium point. For one of these families we prove the existence of $1$, or $2$, or $3$ periodic orbits borning at $P_+$ and $P_-$.
European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) proposes new health-based guidance value for dioxins and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls
Creators: name: German Federal Institute For Risk Assessment (BfR)
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: dioxins
subject: dl-PCB
subject: polychlorinated biphenyls
subject: tolerable weekly intake (TWI)
subject: http://id.agrisemantics.org/gacs/C16480
subject: http://id.agrisemantics.org/gacs/C4581

description: The European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) has derived a new health-based guidance value for dioxins and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (dl-PCB). The tolerable weekly intake (TWI) for dioxins and dl-PCB has been lowered from 14 picograms (14 x 10-12 grams) to two picograms per kilogram body weight. The TWI value is the maximum intake of substances in food, such as nutrients or contaminants that can be consumed weekly over a lifetime without risking adverse health effects. With its opinion, EFSA has established a comprehensive new scientific basis. The selection of the study to determine the critical endpoint for deriving a health-based guidance value still leaves questions unanswered according to the German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR). EFSA itself points out in its communication that the toxicity of the dioxin-like PCBs with the highest hazard potential (PCB 126) is possibly overestimated. EFSA invited risk assessment authorities to participate in a scientific exchange on 13 November 2018. EFSA is planning to publish the results of this expert discussion. From a health point of view, dioxins and dioxin-like PCBs are undesired substances. PCBs occur everywhere in the environment and a transfer into the food chain cannot be avoided. An acute health risk through the uptake of dioxins and dioxin-like PCBs via food can be practically excluded. The question as to whether health impairments can occur with intake over a longer period involves numerous scientific uncertainties. However, it is generally accepted that there has been a significant reduction in the contamination of humans in Germany with dioxins and dioxin-like PCBs over the last 30 years. The BfR welcomes the EFSA proposal to intensify research activities on dioxins and dioxinlike PCBs in order to further optimise the assessment. Further knowledge of the mode of action of the substances is required, for example. The database should also be extended by appropriate investigations. The BfR will continue to conduct intensive scientific research on dioxins and dioxin-like PCBs. Link: https://www.bfr.bund.de/cm/349/efsa-proposes-new-health-based-guidance-value-for-dioxins-and-dioxin-like-polychlorinated-biphenyls.pdf
description: DE; PDF; efsa-focal-point@bfr.bund.de
Parameter estimation of eccentric gravitational waves with a decihertz observatory and its cosmological implications
Creators: name: Yang, Tao
name: Cai, Rong-Gen
name: Cao, Zhoujian
name: Lee, Hyung Mok
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Eccentricity of compact binaries can improve the parameter estimation of gravitational waves (GWs). In this paper, we first investigate the parameter estimation of eccentric GWs with decihertz observatory. We consider two scenarios for the configuration of DECIGO, i.e., the one cluster of DECIGO with its design sensitivity and B-DECIGO which also has one cluster but with inferior sensitivity as a comparison. We adopt the Fisher matrix to estimate the parameter errors. By mocking up the typical binaries in GWTC-3, we find a nonvanishing eccentricity can significantly improve the estimation for almost all waveform parameters. In particular, the localization of typical binary black holes (BBH) can achieve $\mathcal{O}(10-10^{3.5})$ factors of improvement when the initial eccentricity $e_0=0.4$ at 0.1 Hz. The precise localization of binary neutron stars (BNS) and neutron star--black hole binaries (NSBH), together with the large improvement of localization of BBH from eccentricity in the mid-band, inspire us to construct the catalogs of golden dark sirens whose host galaxies can be uniquely identified. We find that with only one cluster of DECIGO running 1 year in its design sensitivity, hundreds of golden dark BNS, NSBH, and tens of golden dark BBH can be observed. Eccentricity can greatly increase the population of golden dark BBH from $\sim 7~(e_0=0)$ to $\sim 65~(e_0=0.2)$. Such an increase of population of golden dark BBH events can improve the precision of Hubble constant measurement from 2.06\% to 0.68\%, matter density parameter from 64\% to 16\% in $Λ$CDM model. Through the phenomenological parameterization of GW propagation, the constraints of modified gravity can be improved from 6.2\% to 1.6\%. Our results show the remarkable significance of eccentricity for the detection and parameter estimation of GW events, allowing us to probe the Universe precisely.
description: 29 pages, 23 figures, published in PRD
title: In Situ Generated Shear Bands in Metallic Glass Investigated by Atomic Force and Analytical Transmission Electron Microscopy
Creators: name: Rösner, Harald
name: Kübel, Christian
name: Ostendorp, Stefan
name: Wilde, Gerhard
Publisher: name: University of Muenster, Institutional Repository MIAMI
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 530 Physics

description: Plastic deformation of metallic glasses performed at temperatures well below the glass transition proceeds via the formation of shear bands. In this contribution, we investigated shear bands originating from in situ tensile tests of Al_88Y_7Fe_5 melt-spun ribbons performed under a transmission electron microscope. The observed contrasts of the shear bands were found to be related to a thickness reduction rather than to density changes. This result should alert the community of the possibility of thickness changes occurring during in situ shear band formation that may affect interpretation of shear band properties such as the local density. The observation of a spearhead-like shear front suggests a propagation front mechanism for shear band initiation here.
description: Finanziert durch den Open-Access-Publikationsfonds der Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität Münster (WWU Münster).
Youth Science Club for immigrant children: toward diverse colleagues of the future
Creators: name: Whipp, Alyce M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Diversity in Science
Public Engagement
Science Communications

description: The Youth Science Club is a FiMM/Science Basement collaboration project with the non-profit ThinkAfrica, an organization dedicated to improving the lives of people from the African diaspora living in Finland.
Direct calculation of the Entanglement Spectrum in Quantum Monte Carlo with application to \textit{ab initio} Hamiltonians
Creators: name: Tubman, Norm M.
name: Yang, D. ChangMo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Several algorithms have been proposed to calculate the spatial entanglement spectrum from high order Renyi entropies. In this work we present an alternative approach for computing the entanglement spectrum with quantum Monte Carlo for both continuum and lattice Hamiltonians. This method provides direct access to the matrix elements of the spatially reduced density matrix and we determine an estimator that can be used in variational Monte Carlo as well as other Monte Carlo methods. The algorithm is based on using a generalization of the Swap operator, which can be extended to calculate a general class of density matrices that can include combinations of spin, space, particle and even momentum coordinates. We demonstrate the method by applying it to the Hydrogen and Nitrogen molecules and describe for the first time how the spatial entanglement spectrum encodes a covalent bond that includes all the many body correlations.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures
Efficient wave type fingerprinting and filtering by six-component polarization analysis
Creators: name: Sollberger, David
name: Bradley, Nicholas
name: Edme, Pascal
name: Robertsson, Johan O. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a technique to automatically classify the wave type of seismic phases that are recorded on a single six-component recording station (measuring both three components of translational and rotational ground motion) at the earth's surface. We make use of the fact that each wave type leaves a unique 'fingerprint' in the six-component motion of the sensor. This fingerprint can be extracted by performing an eigenanalysis of the data covariance matrix, similar to conventional three-component polarization analysis. To assign a wave type to the fingerprint extracted from the data, we compare it to analytically derived six-component polarization models that are valid for pure-state plane wave arrivals. For efficient classification, we make use of the supervised machine learning method of support vector machines that is trained using data-independent, analytically-derived six-component polarization models. This enables the rapid classification of seismic phases in a fully automated fashion, even for large data volumes, such as encountered in land-seismic exploration or ambient noise seismology. Once the wave-type is known, additional wave parameters (velocity, directionality, and ellipticity) can be directly extracted from the six-component polarization states without the need to resort to expensive optimization algorithms. We illustrate the benefits of our approach on various real and synthetic data examples for applications such as automated phase picking, aliased ground-roll suppression in land-seismic exploration, and the rapid close-to real time extraction of surface wave dispersion curves from single-station recordings of ambient noise. Additionally, we argue that an initial step of wave type classification is necessary in order to successfully apply the common technique of extracting phase velocities from combined measurements of rotational and translational motion.
description: Preprint submitted to Geophysical Journal International
Non-dioxin-like PCBs are undesirable in food and feed
Creators: name: German Federal Institute For Risk Assessment (BfR)
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: polychlorinated biphenyls
subject: non-dioxin-like (ndl)
subject: PCB
subject: feed
subject: http://id.agrisemantics.org/gacs/C4581
subject: http://id.agrisemantics.org/gacs/C615

description: Feed containing increased levels of non-dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (ndl-PCB) was supplied to farms from North Rhine Westphalia. Humans can be exposed to ndl-PCBs via the food chain through animal feed. The German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR) received data from three federal states on ndl-PCBs in samples of eggs, turkey and chicken in concentrations higher than the regularized maximum levels. Foods exceeding the legally binding maximum level must not be placed on the market. Maximum levels are not primarily based on toxicological assessments. With regard to ndl-PCBs, maximum levels are oriented on occurrence data in food and the sensitivity of the analytical methods. The currently reported ndl-PCB mean levels are significantly higher than the levels usually measured as background concentrations in food in Germany. Ndl-PCBs are undesirable substances that are considered so-called environmental contaminants. They accumulate predominantly in fat-containing foods. Consumers ingest low levels of ndl-PCBs via food every day (background concentration). The BfR has calculated that a theoretical increase in the intake of ndl-PCBs from 13% to 44% would result from the current ndl-PCB situation. This calculation is based on the theoretical worst case assumption that consumers consume eggs, turkey and chicken exclusively from farms involved in the current situation. Initial preliminary results of the BfR MEAL study do not show an increase in the background concentration. A short-term exceedance of maximum levels in foods does not necessarily mean that the consumption of these foods represents a health risk. According to BfR, the occurrence of acute adverse health effects for consumers is unlikely in the current situation because PCB mixtures only have a low potential for acute toxicity. A health-based guidance value for toxicologically relevant long-term intake has not yet been derived for ndl-PCBs from the data available in international studies. Therefore, a risk assessment is not possible. For reasons of consumer health protection, the ndl-PCB levels in foods should be kept as low as possible. Link: https://www.bfr.bund.de/cm/349/non-dioxin-like-pcbs-are-undesirable-in-food-and-feed.pdf
description: DE; PDF; efsa-focal-point@bfr.bund.de
Coronal Densities, Temperatures and Abundances During the 2019 Total Solar Eclipse: The Role of Multi-Wavelength Observations in Coronal Plasma Characterization
Creators: name: Del Zanna, G.
name: Samra, J.
name: Monaghan, A.
name: Madsen, C.
name: Bryans, P.
name: DeLuca, E.
name: Mason, H.
name: Berkey, B.
name: de Wijn, A.
name: Rivera, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Airborne Infrared Spectrometer (AIR-Spec) offers an unprecedented opportunity to explore the Near Infra-Red (NIR) wavelength range. It has been flown at two total solar eclipses, in 2017 and 2019. The wavelength range of the much improved instrument on the second flight (July 2, 2019) was shifted to cover two density sensitive lines from S XI. In this paper we study detailed diagnostics for temperature, electron density and elemental abundances by comparing results from AIR-Spec slit positions above the east and the west limb with those from Hinode/EIS, the PolarCam detector and SDO/AIA. We find very good agreement in the electron densities obtained from the EIS EUV line ratios, those from the NIR S XI ratio and those obtained from the polarized brightness PolarCam measurements. Electron densities ranged from Log Ne [cm$^{-3}]$ = 8.4 near the limb, falling to 7.2 at $R_0=1.3$. EIS spectra indicate that the temperature distribution above the west limb is near-isothermal at around 1.3 MK, while that on the east has an additional higher-T component. The AIR-Spec radiances in Si X and S XI as well as the AIA data in the 171, 193, and 211 Angstroms bands are consistent with the EIS results. EIS and AIR-Spec data indicate that the sulphur abundance (relative to silicon) is photospheric in both regions, confirming our previous results of the 2017 eclipse. The AIA data also indicate that the absolute iron abundance is photospheric. Our analysis confirms the importance of the diagnostic potential of the NIR wavelength range, and that this important wavelength range can be used reliably and independently to determine coronal plasma parameters.
description: Accepted for publication
The origin and fate of the Gaia phase-space snail
Creators: name: Tremaine, Scott
name: Frankel, Neige
name: Bovy, Jo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Gaia snail is a spiral feature in the distribution of solar-neighbourhood stars in position and velocity normal to the Galactic midplane. The snail probably arises from phase mixing of gravitational disturbances that perturbed the disc in the distant past. The most common hypothesis is that the strongest disturbance resulted from a passage of the Sagittarius dwarf galaxy close to the solar neighbourhood. In this paper we investigate the alternative hypothesis that the snail is created by many small disturbances rather than one large one, that is, by Gaussian noise in the gravitational potential. Probably most of this noise is due to substructures in the dark-matter halo. We show that this hypothesis naturally reproduces most of the properties of the snail. In particular it predicts correctly, with no free parameters, that the apparent age of the snail will be $ \sim 0.5$ Gyr. An important ingredient of this model is that any snail-like feature in the solar neighbourhood, whatever its cause, is erased by scattering from giant molecular clouds or other small-scale structure on a time-scale $\lesssim 1$ Gyr.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures. Submitted to MNRAS
The theoretical study of $D_s^+\toπ^+π^0π^0$
Creators: name: Luo, Xuan
name: Xu, Aojia
name: Li, Ruitian
name: Sun, Hao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Inspired by recent BESIII's amplitude analysis on $D_s^+\toπ^+π^0π^0$, we develop a model based on the chiral unitary approach to discribe the $D_s^+\toπ^+π^0π^0$ decay, where $D_s^+$ decays into a $π^+$ and a quark-antiquark pair through weak decay of charm quark. The interaction of pseudoscalar mesons produced by the hadronization of quark-antiquark pair will lead to dynamically generated $f_0(980)$. The dominant amplitudes from resonances $f_0(1370)$ and $f_2(1270)$ in BESIII fit are also included in our model. In addition to above contributions, to obtain a good fit we also add a amplitude from resonance $f_2(1430)$ to our model. Our model fits well $M_{π^0π^0}$ and $M_{π^+π^0}$ invariant mass distributions simultaneously.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures, 1 table. Updated to match published version
Prevention and Control Technology of Potato Soil-borne Diseases
Creators: name: XU, Jie
name: ZHU, Wenting
name: SUN, Li
name: XU, Jie
name: ZHU, Wenting
name: SUN, Li
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Potato, Soil-borne disease, Prevention and control

description: In recent years, potato soil-borne diseases have occurred severely. The investigation shows that potato Fusarium wilt greatly affects potato yield, leading to a yield reduction rate of 21.8%. Potato powdery scab shows very mild symptoms on potato tuber, basically with no symptoms in some plots, but shows obvious symptoms on the root system. A large number of nodules which are produced on one side of the root system seriously affect the water and fertilizer absorption function of the potato root system. Potato tubers expand slowly, leading to small potato tuber, low yield and low commodity rate. The fungus can survive in soil for more than 10 years. Potato soil-borne diseases are harmful and are difficult to control. Susceptible plants can be detected by high definition chromatographic control method and pathogen detection. For prevention and control of potato soil-borne diseases, first of all, disease-resistant varieties should be chosen and virus-free potato seeds are used for sowing. Secondly, metham and dazomet can be used to treat soil in order to prevent and control potato soil-borne diseases. The results showed that the dead seedling rate treated by metham was reduced from 35% to 12.5% compared with the blank control, and the yield was increased by 44.09 kg/ha, with an increase rate of 18.2%. Compared with the blank control, the dead seedling rate treated by dazomet was decreased from 35% to 7.5%, and the yield was increased by 38.10 kg/ha, with an increase rate of 15.7%. The soil treatment received obvious yield increase effect.
Fast and broadband photoresponse of few-layer black phosphorus field-effect transistors
Creators: name: Buscema, Michele
name: Groenendijk, Dirk J.
name: Blanter, Sofya I.
name: Steele, Gary A.
name: van der Zant, Herre S. J.
name: Castellanos-Gomez, Andres
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Few-layer black phosphorus, a new elemental 2D material recently isolated by mechanical exfoliation, is a high-mobility layered semiconductor with a direct bandgap that is predicted to strongly depend on the number of layers, from 0.35 eV (bulk) to 2.0 eV (single-layer). Therefore, black phosphorus is an appealing candidate for tunable photodetection from the visible to the infrared part of the spectrum. We study the photoresponse of field-effect transistors (FETs) made of few-layer black phosphorus (3 nm to 8 nm thick), as a function of excitation wavelength, power and frequency. In the dark state, the black phosphorus FETs can be tuned both in hole and electron doping regimes allowing for ambipolar operation. We measure mobilities in the order of 100 cm2/V s and current ON/OFF ratio larger than 103. Upon illumination, the black phosphorus transistors show response to excitation wavelengths from the visible up to 940 nm and rise time of about 1 ms, demonstrating broadband and fast detection. The responsivity reaches 4.8 mA/W and it could be drastically enhanced by engineering a detector based on a PN junction. The ambipolar behavior coupled to the fast and broadband photodetection make few-layer black phosphorus a promising 2D material for photodetection across the visible and near-infrared part of the electromagnetic spectrum.
description: 4 figures main text, 6 figures supporting information
Zero-Hopf bifurcation in a Chua system
Creators: name: Llibre, Jaume
name: Euzebio, Rodrigo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A zero-Hopf equilibrium is an isolated equilibrium point whose eigenvalues are $\pm ωi\neq 0$ and $0$. In general for a such equilibrium there is no theory for knowing when from it bifurcates some small-amplitude limit cycle moving the parameters of the system. Here we study the zero-Hopf bifurcation using the averaging theory. We apply this theory to a Chua system depending on $6$ parameters, but the way followed for studying the zero-Hopf bifurcation can be applied to any other differential system in dimension $3$ or higher. In this paper first we show that there are three $4$-parameter families of Chua systems exhibiting a zero-Hopf equilibrium. After, by using the averaging theory, we provide sufficient conditions for the bifurcation of limit cycles from these families of zero-Hopf equilibria. From one family we can prove that $1$ limit cycle bifurcate, and from the other two families we can prove that $1$, $2$ or $3$ limit cycles bifurcate simultaneously.
Millicharge Dark Matter Detection with Mach-Zehnder Interferometer
Creators: name: Chen, Chuan-Ren
name: Nhung, Bui Hong
name: Nugroho, Chrisna Setyo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: If the dark sector exists and communicates with Standard Model through the $U(1)$ mixing, it is possible that electromagnetism would have influence on matter fields in dark sector, so-called millicharge particles (mCPs). Furthermore, the highest mCPs could be dark matter particles. Recently it has been shown that the mCPs would be slowed down and captured by the earth. As a result, the number density of accumulated mCPs underground is enhanced by several orders of magnitude as compared to that of dark matter in our solar system. In this study, we propose to use the Mach-Zehnder (MZ) laser interferometer to detect earth bound mCPs through the detection of phase shifts of photons. We show that, for mass of mCPs lager than $1$ GeV, the sensitivity of probing the mixing parameter $ε$ could reach as low as $10^{-11}$ if number density is larger than $1~\rm{cm^{-3}}$.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures
Intake of Phosphates: Babies, infants and children can exceed the health guidance values
Creators: name: German Federal Institute For Risk Assessment (BfR)
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: phosphate
subject: food additives
subject: polyphosphates
subject: E 338-341, E 343, E 450-452
subject: acceptable daily intake
subject: ADI
subject: http://id.agrisemantics.org/gacs/C1963
subject: http://id.agrisemantics.org/gacs/C28675
subject: http://id.agrisemantics.org/gacs/C29173

description: Phosphates are essential substances that occur naturally in the human body and make up a considerable portion of our nutrition. They occur in almost all foods, especially those high in protein, such as cheese, cold cuts and meat. A certain group of phosphates is authorised as food additives in the European Union. They are added to a large number of foods to perform various technological functions, e.g. as acidity regulators. These include soft drinks, especial-ly cola beverages, whipped cream and cream products, milk drinks, milk powder and coffee whitener, as well as meat products. Within the scope of a re-evaluation published on 12 June 2019, the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) derived an acceptable daily intake (ADI) for phosphates. The ADI value of 40 mg/kg body weight per day expressed as phosphorus applies to the uptake of phosphorus from foods which can naturally contain phosphates and those to which phosphates can be added as a food additives. https://www.efsa.europa.eu/de/efsajournal/pub/5674 EFSA derived the group ADI of 40 mg/kg body weight per day for healthy adults. It does not apply to people with a moderate to severe impairment of kidney function who constitutes a special risk group. Infants, toddlers and children can exceed this value even with average consumption quantities. This also applies to adolescents with a phosphate-rich diet. The acceptable daily intake for phosphate is the estimated maximum amount to which indi-viduals may be exposed daily over their lifetimes without appreciable health risk. From a tox-icological point of view therefore, total intake of phosphate should not result in an exceed-ance of the acceptable daily intake on a regular basis. EFSA recommends the introduction of maximum levels to reduce the levels of phosphates used as additives in food supplements. The European Commission is considering measures to lower phosphate levels in food. The BfR agrees with EFSA’s scientific assessment. Consumers cannot recognise how much phosphate is contained in unprocessed foods. For processed foods, the list of ingredients gives information on whether food additives contain-ing phosphates are contained. EFSA estimates that food additives account for between 6 and 30 percent of average total phosphorus intake. Link: https://www.bfr.bund.de/cm/349/babies-infants-and-children-can-exceed-the-health-guidance%20values.pdf
description: DE; PDF
New Maser Emission from Nonmetastable Ammonia in NGC 7538. IV. Coincident Masers in Adjacent States of Para-ammonia
Creators: name: Hoffman, Ian M.
name: Joyce, Spenser A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first detection of para-ammonia masers in NGC 7538: multiple epochs of observation of the 14NH3 (J,K) = (10,8) and (9,8) lines. We detect both thermal absorption and nonthermal emission in the (10,8) and (9,8) transitions and the absence of a maser in the (11,8) transition. The (9,8) maser is observed to increase in intensity by 40% over six months. Using interferometric observations with a synthesized beam of 0.25", we find that the (10,8) and (9,8) masers originate at the same sky position near IRS1. With strong evidence that the (10,8) and (9,8) masers arise in the same volume, we discuss the application of pumping models for the simultaneous excitation of nonmetastable (J > K) para-ammonia states having the same value of K and consecutive values of J. We also present detections of thermal absorption in rotational states ranging in energy from E/k_B ~ 200 K to 2000 K, and several non-detections in higher-energy states. In particular, we describe the populations in eight adjacent rotational states with K=6, including two maser transitions, along with the implications for ortho-ammonia pumping models. An existing torus model for molecular gas in the environment of IRS1 has been applied to the masers; a variety of maser species are shown to agree with the model. Historical and new interferometric observations of 15NH3 (3,3) masers in the region indicate a precession of the rotating torus at a rate comparable to continuum-emission-based models of the region. We discuss the general necessity of interferometric observations for diagnosing the excitation state of the masers and for determining the geometry of the molecular environment.
description: accepted to ApJ; emulate ApJ, 10 pages, 9 figures, 2 tables; color figures only on arXiv
Images of the Origin of Mass
Creators: name: Roberts, Craig D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent years have brought considerable progress with studies of the bound-state problem in continuum QCD. A small part of that made with Dyson Schwinger equations is highlighted herein. Topics covered include: opportunities provided by precision experimental studies of the (far) valence region; and capitalising upon new data on hadron elastic and transition form factors.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures. Contribution to the Proceedings of MENU 2013 - 13th International Conference on Meson-Nucleon Physics and the Structure of the Nucleon, Rome, 30 Sept. - 4. Oct. 2013
OGLE-2018-BLG-0584 and KMT-2018-BLG-2119: two microlensing events with two lens masses and two source stars
Creators: name: Han, Cheongho
name: Udalski, Andrzej
name: Jung, Youn Kil
name: Kim, Doeon
name: Yang, Hongjing
name: Albrow, Michael D.
name: Chung, Sun-Ju
name: Gould, Andrew
name: Hwang, Kyu-Ha
name: Kim, Hyoun-Woo
name: Lee, Chung-Uk
name: Ryu, Yoon-Hyun
name: Shvartzvald, Yossi
name: Shin, In-Gu
name: Yee, Jennifer C.
name: Zang, Weicheng
name: Cha, Sang-Mok
name: Kim, Dong-Jin
name: Kim, Seung-Lee
name: Lee, Dong-Joo
name: Lee, Yongseok
name: Park, Byeong-Gon
name: Pogge, Richard W.
name: Kim, Chun-Hwey
name: Kim, Woong-Tae
name: Mróz, Przemek
name: Szymański, Michał K.
name: Skowron, Jan
name: Poleski, Radosław
name: Soszyński, Igor
name: Pietrukowicz, Paweł
name: Kozłowski, Szymon
name: Rybicki, Krzysztof A.
name: Iwanek, Patryk
name: Ulaczyk, Krzysztof
name: Wrona, Marcin
name: Gromadzki, Mariusz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We conduct a systematic investigation of the microlensing data collected during the previous observation seasons for the purpose of reanalyzing anomalous lensing events with no suggested plausible models. We find that two anomalous lensing events OGLE-2018-BLG-0584 and KMT-2018-BLG-2119 cannot be explained with the usual models based on either a binary-lens single-source (2L1S) or a single-lens binary-source (1L2S) interpretation. We test the feasibility of explaining the light curves with more sophisticated models by adding an extra lens (3L1S model) or a source (2L2S model) component to the 2L1S lens-system configuration. We find that a 2L2S interpretation well explains the light curves of both events, for each of which there are a pair of solutions resulting from the close and wide degeneracy. For the event OGLE-2018-BLG-0584, the source is a binary composed of two K-type stars, and the lens is a binary composed of two M dwarfs. For KMT-2018-BLG-2119, the source is a binary composed of two dwarfs of G and K spectral types, and the lens is a binary composed of a low-mass M dwarf and a brown dwarf.
description: 9 pages, 9 figures
A complex singlet extension of the Standard Model and Multi-critical Point Principle
Creators: name: Cho, Gi-Chol
name: Idegawa, Chikako
name: Sugihara, Rio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the Multi-critical Point Principle (MPP) in a complex singlet scalar extension of the Standard Model (CxSM). The MPP discussed in this study selects model parameters so that two low-energy vacua realized by scalar fields are degenerate. We further note that the MPP may inhibit the electroweak phase transition (EWPT) in a certain class of models where the tree-level potential plays an essential role in its realization. Despite that, we show that strong first-order EWPT still occurs even after imposing the MPP to the scalar potential of the CxSM due to the 1-loop corrections by the new scalar boson. We study the allowed parameter space where a mass of the additional scalar is degenerate with that of the Standard Model Higgs boson, which provides a built-in mechanism to circumvent constraints from dark matter direct detection experiments. The parameter space for the non-degenerate scalar scenario is also studied for comparison.
description: 19 pages, 3 figures
Interactions between the jet and disk wind in a nearby radio intermediate quasar III Zw 2
Creators: name: Wang, Ailing
name: An, Tao
name: Guo, Shaoguang
name: Mohan, Prashanth
name: Chamani, Wara
name: Baan, Willem A.
name: Hovatta, Talvikki
name: Falcke, Heino
name: Galvin, Tim J.
name: Hurley-Walker, Natasha
name: Jaiswal, Sumit
name: Lahteenmaki, Anne
name: Lao, Baoqiang
name: Lv, Weijia
name: Tornikoski, Merja
name: Zhang, Yingkang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Disk winds and jets are ubiquitous in active galactic nuclei (AGN), and how these two components interact remains an open question. We study the radio properties of a radio-intermediate quasar III Zw 2. We detect two jet knots J1 and J2 on parsec scales, which move at a mildly apparent superluminal speed of $1.35\,c$. Two $γ$-ray flares were detected in III Zw 2 in 2009--2010, corresponding to the primary radio flare in late 2009 and the secondary radio flare in early 2010. The primary 2009 flare was found to be associated with the ejection of J2. The secondary 2010 flare occurred at a distance of $\sim$0.3 parsec from the central engine, probably resulting from the collision of the jet with the accretion disk wind. The variability characteristics of III Zw 2 (periodic radio flares, unstable periodicity, multiple quasi-periodic signals and possible harmonic relations between them) can be explained by the global instabilities of the accretion disk. These instabilities originating from the outer part of the warped disk propagate inwards and can lead to modulation of the accretion rate and consequent jet ejection. At the same time, the wobbling of the outer disk may also lead to oscillations of the boundary between the disk wind and the jet tunnel, resulting in changes in the jet-wind collision site. III Zw 2 is one of the few cases observed with jet-wind interactions, and the study in this paper is of general interest for gaining insight into the dynamic processes in the nuclear regions of AGN.
description: accepted by ApJ