cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Density estimation for grouped data with application to line transect sampling
Creators: name: Jang, Woncheol
name: Loh, Ji Meng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Line transect sampling is a method used to estimate wildlife populations, with the resulting data often grouped in intervals. Estimating the density from grouped data can be challenging. In this paper we propose a kernel density estimator of wildlife population density for such grouped data. Our method uses a combined cross-validation and smoothed bootstrap approach to select the optimal bandwidth for grouped data. Our simulation study shows that with the smoothing parameter selected with this method, the estimated density from grouped data matches the true density more closely than with other approaches. Using smoothed bootstrap, we also construct bias-adjusted confidence intervals for the value of the density at the boundary. We apply the proposed method to two grouped data sets, one from a wooden stake study where the true density is known, and the other from a survey of kangaroos in Australia.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/09-AOAS307 the Annals of Applied Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aoas/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Ca II K Spectral Study of an Emerging Flux Region using Domeless Solar Telescope in Hida Observatory
Creators: name: Otsuji, Kenichi
name: Kitai, Reizaburo
name: Matsumoto, Takuma
name: Ichimoto, Kiyoshi
name: Ueno, Satoru
name: Nagata, Shin'ichi
name: Isobe, Hiroaki
name: Shibata, Kazunari
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A cooperative observation with Hida observatory and Hinode satellite was performed on an emerging flux region. The successive Ca II K spectro-heliograms of the emerging flux region were taken by the Domeless Solar Telescope of Hida observatory. Hinode observed the emerging flux region with Ca II H and Fe I Stokes IQUV filtergrams. In this study, detailed dynamics and temporal evolution of the magnetic flux emergence was studied observationally. The event was first detected in the photospheric magnetic field signals. 3 minutes later, the horizontal expansion of the dark area was detected. And then, 7 minutes later than the horizontal expansion, the emerging loops were detected with the maximal rise speed of 2.1 km/s at chromospheric heights. The observed dynamics of emerging magnetic flux from the photosphere to the upper chromosphere is well consistent with the results of previous simulation works. The gradual rising phase of flux tubes with a weak magnetic strength was confirmed by our observation.
description: 14 pages, 7 figures
Doping and temperature-dependent optical properties of oxygen-reduced BaTiO3-d
Creators: name: Hwang, J.
name: Kolodiazhnyi, T.
name: Yang, J.
name: Couillard, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on optical properties of reduced BaTiO3-d at different doping levels including insulating and metallic samples. In all the samples, including metallic one, we observe structural phase transitions from the changes in the infrared-active phonon modes. Metallic ground state is confirmed by the Drude-type lowfrequency optical reflectance. Similar to SrTiO3-d we find that the midinfrared-absorption band in BaTiO3-d appears and grows with an increase in the oxygen-vacancy concentration. Upon decrease in temperature from 300 K, the midinfrared band shifts slightly to higher frequency and evolves into two bands: the existing band and a new and smaller band at lower frequency. The appearance of the new and smaller band seems to be correlated with the structural phase transitions
description: 8 pages, 7 figures
Alkylphosphocholines: a new therapeutic option in glaucoma filtration surgery
Creators: name: Eibl, Kirsten H.
name: Banas, Bernhard
name: Kook, Daniel
name: Ohlmann, Anne V.
name: Priglinger, Siegfried
name: Kampik, Anselm
name: Welge-Luessen, Ulrich C.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin

description: PURPOSE: To investigate the effect of alkylphosphocholines (APCs) on human Tenon fibroblast (HTF) proliferation, migration, and cell-mediated collagen gel contraction. METHODS: HTFs were isolated from tissue samples of three patients obtained during surgery and cultured in DMEM and 10% fetal calf serum (FCS). HTFs (passage 3-6) were treated with one APC in different concentrations spanning the 50% inhibitory concentration (IC(50)), as determined previously. Inhibition of cell proliferation was assessed by the tetrazolium dye reduction assay. Migration was determined in chemoattractant chambers with fibronectin-coated polycarbonated membranes. For inhibition of contraction, three-dimensional collagen gels were seeded with HTFs, and the gel size was measured. Cell viability was determined by the trypan blue exclusion assay. For analysis of the mechanism of action, protein kinase C (PKC) activity was measured. RESULTS: The IC(50) varied between 7.0 and 10.5 microM for all APCs tested. At this concentration, all four APCs inhibited HTF migration and cell-mediated collagen gel contraction in the presence of serum. The inhibitory effects on HTF proliferation, migration, and contraction were observed at nontoxic concentrations. PKC activity was reduced to 50% of control level at the IC(50) of all APCs applied. CONCLUSIONS: APCs are effective inhibitors of HTF proliferation, migration, and cell-mediated contraction of collagen gels at nontoxic concentrations. Their mechanism of action seems to involve the inhibition of the PKC pathway.
A novel peptide-based treatment for bacterial abscess infections
Creators: name: Mansour, Sarah Christine
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2018

description: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), a major causative agent of skin infections, is a serious public threat causing a variety of hospital and community-acquired infections. In addition to its high-level mutational resistance, MRSA can form aggregated multicellular communities called biofilms, causing 10- to 1000-fold higher adaptive resistance to conventional antibiotics as compared to free-growing bacteria. Despite biofilm infections representing 65% of all human infections, there is a lack of antibiofilm agents in the drug development pipeline. To combat this issue, I conducted a high-throughput screen on a large peptide library to find peptides with potent anti-MRSA biofilm activity. This led to the identification of a small synthetic cationic peptide composed of D-enantiomeric amino acids, DJK-5, that could inhibit and eradicate pre-formed MRSA biofilms. In a murine cutaneous infection model, DJK-5 drastically reduced the abscess size and dermonecrosis. The peptide also demonstrated broad-spectrum activity in a P. aeruginosa and E. cloacae skin infection murine model. Interestingly, DJK-5 had modest antimicrobial activity and reduced the bacterial loads in abscesses by roughly 10-fold, inferring a mechanism of action distinct from bactericidal activity. Exploring the mechanism of action, it was found that DJK-5 interfered with the production of ppGpp, a conserved stringent response signal employed by bacteria to cope and adapt to environmental stresses. Through transcriptomic analysis, major pathways were shown to be dysregulated by nutritional stress revealing a link between the stringent response, biofilm formation and S. aureus pathogenesis. Importantly, it was demonstrated that the stringent response was critical in mediating lesion formation and that DJK-5 could reduce abscess pathology by interfering with the production of stringent response regulated cutaneous toxins, phenol soluble modulins. DJK-5 revealed a dynamic effect in synergizing with common antibiotics used to treat Gram-positive and Gram-negative infections. These findings provided new insights into the mechanisms governing abscess formation and created a new paradigm for treating multidrug resistant cutaneous abscesses.
New Constant-Weight Codes from Propagation Rules
Creators: name: Chee, Yeow Meng
name: Xing, Chaoping
name: Yeo, Sze Ling
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper proposes some simple propagation rules which give rise to new binary constant-weight codes.
description: 4 pages
Alkylphosphocholines inhibit proliferation of human retinal pigment epithelial cells
Creators: name: Eibl, Kirsten H.
name: Banas, Bernhard
name: Schoenfeld, Carlo-L.
name: May, Christian A.
name: Neubauer, Aljoscha S.
name: Priglinger, Siegfried
name: Kampik, Anselm
name: Welge-Lussen, Ulrich
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin

description: PURPOSE: To investigate the effect and mechanism of action of alkylphosphocholines (APCs) on proliferation of human retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells and RPE-mediated collagen matrix contraction in vitro. METHODS: Cultured RPE cells of five human donors were treated with four APCs in the presence of fetal calf serum. Proliferation was assessed by the tetrazolium dye-reduction (MTT) assay and by counting the number of cells dividing in culture. The effect of APCs on RPE-mediated matrix contraction was determined in three-dimensional collagen gels. Cell viability was tested by the trypan blue exclusion assay. As a possible mechanism of APC action, protein kinase C (PKC) activity was quantified by scintillation counting of (32)P-labeled phosphate transferred to a PKC-specific substrate. RESULTS: All APCs inhibited RPE proliferation and RPE-mediated collagen matrix contraction in a dose-dependent manner in vitro. The antiproliferative and anticontractile effect of APCs increased with elongation of the fatty acid chain beyond C20. IC(50)s of all APCs varied between 8.5 micro M (erucyl-phosphocholine, C22:1-PC), 9.0 micro M (Z)-12-heneicosenyl-phosphocholine, C21:1-PC), 11.0 micro M (Z)-10-eicosenyl-phosphocholine, C20:1-PC), and 26.5 micro M (oleyl-phosphocholine, C18:1-PC). Trypan blue staining revealed a toxicity below 5% for all APCs within the concentration interval tested. PKC activity was significantly reduced by all four APCs, with C22:1-PC being the most effective. CONCLUSIONS: APCs inhibit proliferation of RPE cells and RPE-mediated matrix contraction in vitro at nontoxic concentrations. This effect seems to be exerted through inhibition of PKC activity. Therefore, APCs are promising candidates for treatment of RPE-mediated proliferative processes such as proliferative vitreoretinopathy.
The black hole in NGC 1313 X-2
Creators: name: Zampieri, Luca
name: Patruno, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The amount of data available for NGC 1313 X-2 make it a cornerstone for the study of ultraluminous X-ray sources (ULXs). We modelled the optical and X-ray data of this ULX with a binary evolution code that takes into account X-ray irradiation. We restricted the candidate binary system to be either a 50-100 Msun black hole (BH) accreting from a 12-15 Msun main sequence star or a 20 Msun BH with a 12-15 Msun giant donor. If the orbital period of the system is ~6 days, a 20 Msun BH model becomes unlikely and we are left with the only possibility that the compact accretor in NGC1313 X-2 is a massive BH of 50-100 Msun. We briefly discuss these results within the framework of an alternative scenario for the formation of ULXs, in which a portion of them may contain BHs of >~30-40 Msun formed from very massive stars in a low metallicity environment.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures. Accepted for publication in the Astronomische Nachrichten (Astronomical Notes), to appear in the proceedings of the conference "Ultra-Luminous X-ray sources and Middle Weight Black Holes" (Madrid, May 24-26, 2010)
Growth arrest specific protein 6/Axl signaling in human inflammatory renal diseases
Creators: name: Fiebeler, Anette
name: Park, Joon-Keun
name: Muller, Dominik N.
name: Lindschau, Carsten
name: Mengel, Michael
name: Merkel, Saskia
name: Banas, Bernhard
name: Luft, Friedrich C.
name: Haller, Hermann
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Gas6; angiotensin; kidney; signal transduction; NADPH oxidase
subject: 610 Medizin

description: BACKGROUND: Growth arrest-specific gene 6 (Gas6) and its binding partner, the receptor tyrosine kinase Axl, are important mediators in experimental nephritis. The authors tested whether the Gas6/Axl signaling pathway participates in human renal diseases. METHODS: The authors compared 26 human renal specimens from patients with IgA nephritis, acute diffuse immune complex glomerulonephritis, acute lupus nephritis, antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody--associated glomerulonephritis, acute transplant rejection, and normal renal tissue. Because reactive oxygen species are pivotal in inflammation, the authors tested whether the Axl/Gas6 expression is influenced by NADPH oxidase in vitro. RESULTS: Gas6 and Axl immunofluorescence was barely detectable in normal kidney. However, in disease Axl was copiously expressed in the small vessel media, glomeruli, distal tubules, and collecting ducts. Similarly, Gas6 was upregulated in the small vessel intima and media, all segments of the renal tubules, the brush border, and glomeruli. Gas6 and Axl upregulation was a prominent but nonspecific finding in these renal diseases. Cultured rat vascular smooth muscle cells and immortalized human mesangial cells were stimulated with angiotensin (Ang) II (1 x 10(-7) mol/L) for 6 or 18 hours. Confocal microscopy and Western blot showed Ang II-dependent Gas6 and Axl expression. An antisense probe against the p22 phox unit of NADPH-oxidase suppressed Ang II-induced Gas6 and Axl expression. In addition, in p47 phox knockout cells Ang II-induced Gas6 and Axl expression were blocked. CONCLUSION: GAS6/Axl signaling is involved in human renal disease. The Ang II-induced Gas6 and Axl expression may be dependent on NADPH-oxidase. Gas6 and Axl are important signaling molecules in human renal disease and may be potential therapeutic targets.
Generation of frequency multiplexed entangled single photons assisted by the entanglement
Creators: name: Yuan, Chun-Hua
name: Chen, L. Q.
name: Ou, Z. Y.
name: Zhang, Weiping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a scheme to generate the frequency multiplexed entangled (FME) single photons based on the entanglement between two species atomic mixture ensemble. The write and reads fields driven according to a certain timing sequence, the generation of FME single photons can be repeated until success is achieved. The source might have significant applications in wavelength division multiplexing quantum key distribution.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, submitted to PRA
Defector-accelerated cooperativeness and punishment in public goods games with mutations
Creators: name: Helbing, Dirk
name: Szolnoki, Attila
name: Perc, Matjaz
name: Szabo, Gyorgy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We study the evolution of cooperation in spatial public goods games with four competing strategies: cooperators, defectors, punishing cooperators, and punishing defectors. To explore the robustness of the cooperation-promoting effect of costly punishment, besides the usual strategy adoption dynamics we also apply strategy mutations. As expected, frequent mutations create kind of well-mixed conditions, which support the spreading of defectors. However, when the mutation rate is small, the final stationary state does not significantly differ from the state of the mutation-free model, independently of the values of the punishment fine and cost. Nevertheless, the mutation rate affects the relaxation dynamics. Rare mutations can largely accelerate the spreading of costly punishment. This is due to the fact that the presence of defectors breaks the balance of power between both cooperative strategies, which leads to a different kind of dynamics.
description: 4 two-column pages, 4 figures; accepted for publication in Physical Review E
Linear Size Optimal q-ary Constant-Weight Codes and Constant-Composition Codes
Creators: name: Chee, Yeow Meng
name: Dau, Son Hoang
name: Ling, Alan C. H.
name: Ling, San
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: An optimal constant-composition or constant-weight code of weight $w$ has linear size if and only if its distance $d$ is at least $2w-1$. When $d\geq 2w$, the determination of the exact size of such a constant-composition or constant-weight code is trivial, but the case of $d=2w-1$ has been solved previously only for binary and ternary constant-composition and constant-weight codes, and for some sporadic instances. This paper provides a construction for quasicyclic optimal constant-composition and constant-weight codes of weight $w$ and distance $2w-1$ based on a new generalization of difference triangle sets. As a result, the sizes of optimal constant-composition codes and optimal constant-weight codes of weight $w$ and distance $2w-1$ are determined for all such codes of sufficiently large lengths. This solves an open problem of Etzion. The sizes of optimal constant-composition codes of weight $w$ and distance $2w-1$ are also determined for all $w\leq 6$, except in two cases.
description: 12 pages
Regulation of plasma hemopexin activity by stimulated endothelial or mesangial cells
Creators: name: Kapojos, Jola J.
name: Poelstra, Klaas
name: Borghuis, Theo
name: Banas, Bernhard
name: Bakker, Winston W.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin

description: The pathogenesis of glomerular alterations and proteinuria in corticosteroid-responsive nephrotic syndrome (CRNS) is unknown. As an isoform of plasma hemopexin (Hx) with protease activity may be implicated in this disease, we have studied the inhibition of Hx by ADP and reactivation to its active form by endothelial or mesangial cells in vitro. We hypothesized that these cells might potentially be able to convert the inactivated form of Hx (Hxi) to active Hx (Hxa) in vitro, mediated by cellular ecto-ADPase. Since ecto-ADPase (CD39) is upregulated after stimulation of these cells with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or certain cytokines, we postulated that this conversion might occur specifically after inflammatory stimulation of these cells. Human endothelial or mesangial cell cultures were incubated overnight with or without LPS (10.0 ng/ml) or TNFalpha (10.0 ng/ml), washed and subsequently incubated with Hxi (1.5 mg/ml) in serum-free conditions (Hxi was prepared by treatment of Hxa with ADP or ADP-beta-S). After 60 min, supernatants were tested for their capacity to alter glomerular extracellular matrix molecules (i.e. ecto-apyrase) in vitro using standard methods, and compared with Hxi that had not been incubated with cells. Supernatants containing Hxa (1.5 mg/ml) served as positive control. The results show significant activity in supernatants with Hxi (prepared using native ADP). However, Hxi inactivated by ADP-beta-S (which is non-hydrolyzable) could not be reactivated after contact with LPS-stimulated or unstimulated cells in vitro. As ecto-ADPase of these cells is upregulated by LPS, we believe that reactivation of Hxi to Hxa is mediated by cellular ecto-ADPase. Although the relevance of this inflammation-mediated activation mechanism of Hx in patients with CRNS requires further experimentation, our preliminary observations suggesting that this mechanism is corticosteroid dependent may support a potential role of Hxa in CRNS.
Hamiltonian formulation of the effective kinetic theory for superfluid Fermi liquids
Creators: name: Valle, Manuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present in a local form the time dependent effective description of a superfluid Fermi liquid which includes Landau damping effects at $T\neq 0$. This is achieved by the introduction of an additional variable, the quasiparticle distribution function, which obeys a simple kinetic equation. The transport equation is coupled with first order equations for the Goldstone mode and the particle density. We prove that a main feature of this formulation is its Hamiltonian structure relative to a certain Poisson bracket. We construct the Hamiltonian to quadratic order.
description: 13 pages
Identification of novel beta1 integrin binding sites in the type 1 and type 2 repeats of thrombospondin-1
Creators: name: Calzada, Maria J.
name: Annis, Douglas S.
name: Zeng, Bixi
name: Marcinkiewicz, Cezary
name: Banas, Bernhard
name: Lawler, Jack
name: Mosher, Deane F.
name: Roberts, David D.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin

description: In addition to the three known beta(1) integrin recognition sites in the N-module of thrombospondin-1 (TSP1), we found that beta(1) integrins mediate cell adhesion to the type 1 and type 2 repeats. The type 1 repeats of TSP1 differ from typical integrin ligands in that recognition is pan-beta(1)-specific. Adhesion of cells that express one dominant beta(1) integrin on immobilized type 1 repeats is specifically inhibited by antagonists of that integrin, whereas adhesion of cells that express several beta(1) integrins is partially inhibited by each alpha-subunit-specific antagonist and completely inhibited by combining the antagonists. beta(1) integrins recognize both the second and third type 1 repeats, and each type 1 repeat shows pan-beta(1) specificity and divalent cation dependence for promoting cell adhesion. Adhesion to the type 2 repeats is less sensitive to alpha-subunit antagonists, but a beta(1) blocking antibody and two disintegrins inhibit adhesion to immobilized type 2 repeats. beta(1) integrin expression is necessary for cell adhesion to the type 1 or type 2 repeats, and beta(1) integrins bind in a divalent cation-dependent manner to a type 1 repeat affinity column. The widely used TSP1 function blocking antibody A4.1 binds to a site in the third type 2 repeat. A4.1 proximally inhibits beta(1) integrin-dependent adhesion to the type 2 repeats and indirectly inhibits integrin-dependent adhesion mediated by the TSP1 type 1 repeats. Although antibody A4.1 is also an antagonist of CD36 binding to TSP1, these data suggest that some biological activities of A4.1 result from antagonism of these novel beta(1) integrin binding sites.
Torsional Alfven waves in stratified and expanding magnetic flux tubes
Creators: name: Karami, K.
name: Bahari, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effects of both density stratification and magnetic field expansion on torsional Alfven waves in magnetic flux tubes are studied. The frequencies, the period ratio P1/P2 of the fundamental and its first-overtone, and eigenfunctions of torsional Alfven modes are obtained. Our numerical results show that the density stratification and magnetic field expansion have opposite effects on the oscillating properties of torsional Alfven waves.
description: 13 pages, 7 figures, Accepted for publication in Astrophysics and Space Science
Towards precision measurements of the Hubble constant with the Canadian Hydrogen Intensity Mapping Experiment
Creators: name: Pinsonneault-Marotte, Tristan
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2018

description: The Canadian Hydrogen Intensity Mapping Experiment (CHIME) is a transit interferometer located at the Dominion Radio Astrophysical Observatory in Penticton, BC. It is designed to map large- scale structure in the universe by observing 21 cm emission from the hyperfine transition of neutral hydrogen between redshifts 0.8 and 2.5. CHIME will perform the largest volume survey of the universe yet attempted and will characterize the BAO scale and expansion history of the universe with unprecedented precision in this redshift range. CHIME achieved first light in the fall of 2017 and instrument commissioning is underway. In this work I present sensitivity forecasts and derive constraints on cosmological parameters given CHIME’s nominal survey. The broad redshift range of the observations will enable tight constraints to be placed on the Hubble constant H0 , independent of CMB or local recession velocity measurements. Precision measurements of this epoch will shed new light on the tension between direct measurements of the Hubble constant vs. those inferred from high-redshift observations, notably the CMB anisotropy. CHIME measurements together with a prior on the baryon density from measurements of deuterium abundance are enough to place constraints on H0 at the 0.5% level assuming a flat ΛCDM model, with uncertainty increasing to ∼ 1% if curvature is allowed to vary, or up to ∼ 3% for a dark energy equation of state with w/= −1. Including priors from CMB measurements, in the scenario where the datasets are consistent, narrows these uncertainties further, most significantly in the model where w is a free parameter.
Cymbalophus cuniculus
Creators: name: Bronnert, Constance
name: Métais, Grégoire
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Perissodactyla
Helaletidae
Cymbalophus
Cymbalophus cuniculus

description: Cymbalophus aff. cuniculus
(Fig. 6B)
MATERIAL. — m3 (R: MNHN-MU12263 [broken]; L: MNHN-CB1597).
DISTRIBUTION. — Mutigny, Condé-en-Brie (MP8+9).
DESCRIPTION
 m3 from Mutigny
The tooth is worn and broken, only the talonid is preserved. The hypoconulid lobe is very short.   m3 from Condé-en-Brie (Fig. 6B)
The metaconid is not twinned.The lophs are high and well developed. The protolophid is more notched than the hypolophid. The hypoconulid is small, the hypoconulid lobe is very short. A postcristid links the hypoconid to the hypoconulid. The cristid obliqua is oriented toward the middle of the protolophid.
COMPARISONS
 The teeth have the same proportion as those of C. cuniculus. The protolophid is less developed than in C. cuniculus, and the cristid obliqua is slightly more lingual. The cristid obliqua ends higher on the protolophid than in C. aff. cuniculus from Rians (Godinot 1981). The paralophid is much shorter than in C. aff. cuniculus from Rians.
COMMENT
 The dental morphology is very similar to that of C. cuniculus, except for the more lingually directed cristid obliqua which is a derived feature. However, such a character could be intraspecific variation (C. cuniculus is not well known), or temporal and/or geographic variation within a population. The fossil record of Cymbalophus is very scarce as this genus has been recorded only from localities close to the MP7. The discovery of specimens in Condé-en-Brie and Mutigny (MP8-9) extends its range, and this allows to assume some morphological variation of the species through time. Nevertheless, considering the few fossils discovered for this species in these MP8-9 localities, and particularly in Prémontré (MP10) which has yielded a large number of specimens, we do not exclude that this is an extreme and poorly represented variation of Orolophus maldani, which is widespread in these deposits.
description: Published as part of Bronnert, Constance & Métais, Grégoire, 2023, Early Eocene hippomorph perissodactyls (Mammalia) from the Paris Basin, pp. 277-326 in Geodiversitas 45 (9) on pages 287-288, DOI: 10.5252/geodiversitas2023v45a9, http://zenodo.org/record/8037926
On the embeddability of certain infinitely divisible probability measures on Lie groups
Creators: name: Dani, S. G.
name: Guivarc'h, Yves
name: Shah, Riddhi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60B15

description: We describe certain sufficient conditions for an infinitely divisible probability measure on a class of connected Lie groups to be embeddable in a continuous one-parameter convolution semigroup of probability measures. (Theorem 1.3). This enables us in particular to conclude the embeddability of all infinitely divisible probability measures on certain Lie groups, including the so called Walnut group (Corollary 1.5). The embeddability is concluded also under certain other conditions (Corollary 1.4 and Theorem 1.6).
description: 24 pages
Endothelial cell-derived microparticles in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell recipients
Creators: name: Pihusch, Verena
name: Rank, Andreas
name: Steber, Ruth
name: Pihusch, Markus
name: Pihusch, Rudolf
name: Toth, Bettina
name: Hiller, Erhard
name: Kolb, Hans-Jochem
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin

description: BACKGROUND: Alterations of microparticles derived from different cell types are described in a number of diseases associated with inflammation and hemostatic disorders. METHODS: In this prospective study, we firstly analyzed endothelial cell derived microparticles (EMP) in 19 hematopoietic stem cell recipients. Cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) stimulated with tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) served as positive controls. EMP were analyzed by fluorescent activated cell sorting (FACS), detecting the particels via expression of CD62 (E-selectin) and anionic phospholipids binding to annexin V. RESULTS: EMP were not significantly influenced by conditioning regimens with non-myeloablative chemotherapy and 4 Gy total body irradiation (TBI) or by myeloablative regimens containing 12 Gy TBI. During acute graft versus host disease (aGVHD), significantly higher levels of EMP were detected than in patients without aGVHD (18.5/microl s=10.1 vs. 14.6/microl SD = 11.5; P = 0.004) while infectious complications did not alter EMP levels significantly. Immunosuppressive therapy with corticosteroids tendentially elevated EMP levels. HUVEC treated with TNF-alpha 1 ng/ml, 10 ng/ml and 100 ng/ml released significantly more EMP than unstimulated cultures (30.0/microl ss = 13.6 vs. 126.8/microl SD = 66.9, P = 0.032 / vs. 683.3/microl SD = 349.9; P = 0.03 / vs. 489.3 s = 184.4; P = 0.013). CONCLUSIONS: Elevation of EMP during aGVHD might express severe endothelial cell injury within this complication after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and might serve as a diagnostic test for early differentiation of aGVHD from other transplanted related complications.
Mixed lung infection by Legionella pneumophila and Legionella gormanii detected by fluorescent in situ hybridization
Creators: name: Buchbinder, S.
name: Leitritz, L.
name: Trebesius, K.
name: Banas, B.
name: Heesemann, J.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin

description: A mixed infection by Legionella pneumophila and a nonpneumophila Legionella species was detected in a lung biopsy specimen obtained from a patient with atypical pneumonia by fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH). This result was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Sequencing of PCR products confirmed mixed infection by L. pneumophila and L. gormanii. Culture for Legionella spp. was negative and serology showed a rise only in IgG anti- Legionella pneumophila titer. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a mixed infection by L. pneumophila and a non-pneumophila Legionella species detected by FISH. Because FISH is a rapid and culture independent method that detects specific microorganisms in biopsy specimens it is recommended, in particular, for the detection of fastidious bacteria.
Angiotensin inhibition reduces glomerular damage and renal chemokine expression in MRL/lpr mice
Creators: name: Perez de Lema, Guillermo
name: de Wit, Cor
name: Cohen, Clemens D.
name: Nieto, Elena
name: Molina, Ana
name: Banas, Bernhard
name: Luckow, Bruno
name: Vicente, Ana B.
name: Mampaso, Francisco
name: Schlöndorff, Detlef
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin

description: Beneficial effects of angiotensin II inhibition during inflammatory renal disease may involve both hemodynamic and nonhemodynamic mechanisms. To analyze whether angiotensin II inhibition has protective effects on lupus-like, autoimmune-mediated renal damage in MRL/lpr mice, four groups of mice were treated orally for 6 weeks with: 1) vehicle, 2) enalapril (3.0 mg/kg per day), 3) candesartan cilexetil (5.0 mg/kg), or 4) amlodipine (10 mg/kg) as a blood pressure control (n = 9-12/group). All antihypertensive treatments lowered blood pressure to a similar level compared with vehicle group (enalapril: 99.8 +/- 8.3 mm Hg; candesartan: 101 +/- 9 mm Hg; amlodipine: 103.8 +/- 6.7 mm Hg; vehicle: 113.5 +/- 4.6 mm Hg). Vehicle-treated mice developed a moderate glomerular injury with albuminuria (35.1 +/- 39.0 microg/mg of creatinine). Glomerular lesions consisted of immune complex deposition and mesangial expansion with increased mesangial cell proliferation. Amlodipine treatment had no significant protective effects. In contrast to vehicle- and amlodipine-treated mice, those subjected to angiotensin II blockade with enalapril or candesartan had reduced albuminuria, glomerular expansion, and mesangial proliferation. This was associated with significantly reduced renal chemokine mRNA expression compared with vehicle treatment. Our results show that inhibition of angiotensin II has protective effects on the glomerular damage of MRL/lpr mice that extend beyond hemodynamics and involve down-modulation of glomerular inflammation, reduction of mesangial cell proliferation, and decrease in chemokine expression.
Single-cell microRNA sequencing of circulating tumour cells : a new tool for monitoring prostate cancer
Creators: name: Jepson, Kevin Richard
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2019

description: A major challenge in monitoring and managing metastatic cancer is the frequent inability to use invasive biopsies as a means of obtaining information regarding tumour progression. Circulating tumour cell (CTC) liquid biopsies—that is, collecting and analyzing CTCs from a blood sample—represent an opportunity for non-invasive cancer monitoring. The challenges of obtaining rare CTCs and sequencing single cell-amounts of miRNA have thus far made it impossible to accurately assess miRNA from CTCs. Here we present an integrated method combining negative-selection, high-throughput microscopy, micromanipulation, and microfluidics to measure the genome-wide expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) in single CTCs. Using our method, we generated single-cell miRNA expression profiles for 258 CTCs from 14 late-stage metastatic prostate cancer patients (mean 18 per patient). The total miRNA reads per cell was 27,423—accounting for 39% of aligned reads—while the mean detected miRNA species per cell was 155. Individual CTCs displayed significant interpatient heterogeneity, while intrapatient heterogeneity was comparatively low. Retrospective analysis of CTCs from castration-resistant prostate cancer patients provides preliminary evidence that miR-200b and miR-200a expression is negatively correlated with more aggressive tumour phenotypes; this demonstrates the potential of this method for monitoring and predicting disease progression in prostate cancer. This study establishes a method for obtaining single-cell miRNA profiles of CTCs, thereby enabling the ability to assess the important roles miRNAs play in cancer development, progression and response to treatment.
N-acetylcysteine in the prevention of radiocontrast-induced nephropathy: clinical trials and end points
Creators: name: Hoffmann, Ute
name: Banas, Bernhard
name: Fischereder, Michael
name: Krämer, Bernhard K.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin

description: N-acetylcysteine (NAC) has been suggested to prevent radiocontrast-induced nephropathy (RCIN) in patients with a reduced renal function. However, clinical studies have not been demonstrating this effect consistently. Also, reviews and meta-analyses dealing with the question of prevention of RCIN by NAC have been controversial. Nearly all investigators used serum creatinine as surrogate end point of their trials, and changes in serum creatinine concentrations are thought to reflect the extent of renal injury as primary outcome. In a recent study, an effect of NAC on creatinine values and estimated glomerular filtration rate without any effect on cystatin C levels has been shown in volunteers with a normal renal function. Therefore, before renal protective effects of NAC in RCIN are proposed, any direct effects of NAC on creatinine, urea, and estimated glomerular filtration rate should be addressed. In future trials, the glomerular filtration rate should preferentially be measured directly, or at least additional markers of the renal function (e.g., serum cystatin C) have to be assessed. Furthermore, additional 'hard' end points, i.e., hospital morbidity, mortality, or dialysis dependency, should be considered in the design of future studies of RCIN.
Transport in time-dependent dynamical systems: Finite-time coherent sets
Creators: name: Froyland, Gary
name: Santitissadeekorn, Naratip
name: Monahan, Adam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study the transport properties of nonautonomous chaotic dynamical systems over a finite time duration. We are particularly interested in those regions that remain coherent and relatively non-dispersive over finite periods of time, despite the chaotic nature of the system. We develop a novel probabilistic methodology based upon transfer operators that automatically detects maximally coherent sets. The approach is very simple to implement, requiring only singular vector computations of a matrix of transitions induced by the dynamics. We illustrate our new methodology on an idealized stratospheric flow and in two and three dimensional analyses of European Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasting (ECMWF) reanalysis data.
Distribution of the time at which N vicious walkers reach their maximal height
Creators: name: Rambeau, Joachim
name: Schehr, Gregory
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the extreme statistics of N non-intersecting Brownian motions (vicious walkers) over a unit time interval in one dimension. Using path-integral techniques we compute exactly the joint distribution of the maximum M and of the time τ_M at which this maximum is reached. We focus in particular on non-intersecting Brownian bridges ("watermelons without wall") and non-intersecting Brownian excursions ("watermelons with a wall"). We discuss in detail the relationships between such vicious walkers models in watermelons configurations and stochastic growth models in curved geometry on the one hand and the directed polymer in a disordered medium (DPRM) with one free end-point on the other hand. We also check our results using numerical simulations of Dyson's Brownian motion and confront them with numerical simulations of the Polynuclear Growth Model (PNG) and of a model of DPRM on a discrete lattice. Some of the results presented here were announced in a recent letter [J. Rambeau and G. Schehr, Europhys. Lett. 91, 60006 (2010)].
description: 30 pages, 12 figures
Anti-interleukin-6 receptor antibody therapy favors adrenal androgen secretion in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study
Creators: name: Straub, Rainer H.
name: Härle, Peter
name: Yamana, Seizo
name: Matsuda, Takemasa
name: Takasugi, Kiyoshi
name: Kishimoto, Tadamitsu
name: Nishimoto, Norihiro
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin

description: OBJECTIVE: Proinflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF) were demonstrated to inhibit adrenal steroidogenesis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and this was particularly evident in the increase in adrenal androgen levels during anti-TNF therapy. This study investigated the influence on steroidogenesis of an interleukin-6 (IL-6)-neutralizing strategy using IL-6 receptor monoclonal antibodies (referred to as MRA). METHODS: In a placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomized study over 12 weeks in 29 patients with RA being treated with prednisolone, 13 of whom received placebo and 16 of whom received 8 mg MRA/kg body weight, the effects of MRA on serum levels of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), cortisol, 17-hydroxyprogesterone (17OHP), dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), DHEA sulfate (DHEAS), androstenedione (ASD), estrone, and 17beta-estradiol, as well as their respective molar ratios, were determined. RESULTS: MRA therapy markedly improved clinical signs of inflammation (the erythrocyte sedimentation rate, swollen joint score, and Disease Activity Score in 28 joints). Serum levels of ACTH and cortisol and the molar ratio of cortisol to ACTH did not change. Although serum levels of DHEA and DHEAS remained stable during therapy, the DHEAS:DHEA molar ratio significantly decreased in treated patients (P = 0.048). Serum levels of ASD as well as the ASD:cortisol and ASD:17OHP molar ratios increased in MRA-treated patients (minimum P < 0.004). Serum levels of estrone and 17beta-estradiol did not change. but the estrone:ASD molar ratio (an indicator of aromatization) decreased during 12 weeks of MRA treatment (P = 0.001). CONCLUSION: Neutralization of IL-6 increases secretion of biologically active adrenal androgens in relation to that of precursor hormones and estrogens. This is another important indication that proinflammatory cytokines interfere with adrenal androgen steroidogenesis in patients with RA.
Optimal Partitioned Cyclic Difference Packings for Frequency Hopping and Code Synchronization
Creators: name: Chee, Yeow Meng
name: Ling, Alan C. H.
name: Yin, Jianxing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Optimal partitioned cyclic difference packings (PCDPs) are shown to give rise to optimal frequency-hopping sequences and optimal comma-free codes. New constructions for PCDPs, based on almost difference sets and cyclic difference matrices, are given. These produce new infinite families of optimal PCDPs (and hence optimal frequency-hopping sequences and optimal comma-free codes). The existence problem for optimal PCDPs in ${\mathbb Z}_{3m}$, with $m$ base blocks of size three, is also solved for all $m\not\equiv 8,16\pmod{24}$.
description: to appear in IEEE Transactions on Information Theory
Soluble galectin-3 is a strong, colonic epithelial-cell-derived, lamina propria fibroblast-stimulating factor
Creators: name: Lippert, E.
name: Falk, W.
name: Bataille, F.
name: Kaehne, T.
name: Naumann, M.
name: Goeke, M.
name: Herfarth, H.
name: Schoelmerich, J.
name: Rogler, G.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin

description: BACKGROUND: Colonic lamina propria fibroblasts (CLPFs) play an important role in the pathogenesis of fibrosis and strictures in Crohn's disease. AIM: To identify colonic epithelial cell (CEC)-derived factors that activate CLPFs. METHODS: Primary human CECs and CLPFs were isolated from control mucosa and interleukin 8 (IL8) of CLPF cultures was quantified by ELISA. Activation of nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB) was shown, and translocation of NF-kappaB was inhibited by a dominant-negative IkappaB-expressing adenovirus. The major CLPF-activating and IL8 inducing protein was purified using fast-performance liquid chromatography (HiPrep 16/60 Sephacryl S-200 High Resolution Column) and sodium dodecyl sulphate gel electrophoresis. RESULTS: A considerable increase in IL8 secretion by CLPFs cultured in CEC-conditioned media compared with that in unconditioned media (155.00 (10.00) pg/microg v 1.434 (0.695) pg/microg) was found. The effect of CEC-conditioned media on CLPF IL8 secretion was NF-kappaB dependent. A protein or DNA array confirmed the involvement of NF-kappaB and activator protein-1. Purification of a candidate band isolated with the use of sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and subsequent sequencing showed soluble galectin-3 to be a strong CLPF-activating factor. Depletion of galectin-3 from conditioned media by immunoprecipitation abolished the CLPF stimulatory effect. CONCLUSIONS: Using a classical biochemical approach, soluble galectin-3 was identified as a strong activator of CLPFs produced by CEC. Galectin-3 induced NF-kappaB activation and IL8 secretion in these cells and may be a target for future therapeutic approaches to reduce or avoid stricture formation.
Analysis of the promoter of the human prostatic acid phosphatase gene
Creators: name: Banas, B.
name: Blaschke, D.
name: Fittler, F.
name: Hörz, W.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: Prostatic acid phosphatase; Androgen regulation; Cosmid clone; Promoter sequence; (Prostatic cancer cell)
subject: 610 Medizin

description: From the analysis of two overlapping cosmid clones prepared from human genomic DNA libraries, a contig of 44 kb containing a 5´ portion of the PAP gene and 17 kb of the upstream region was established. It was characterized by restriction mapping and sequence analysis of 2.5 kb upstream of the initiation codon. Two major transcription initiation sites were found to be located around 56 and 91 bp upstream of the initiation codon, as determined by nuclease S1 and primer extension mapping. Expression of the PAP gene was measured by Northern blots in the androgen responsive LNCaP cell line. It was found to be induced 2–3-fold by the addition of the synthetic androgen mibolerone to the cells. The induced mRNA levels were approx. 10-times lower than those for the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in LNCaP cells.
Site-specific Forest-assembly of Single-Wall Carbon Nanotubes on Electron-beam Patterned SiOx/Si Substrates
Creators: name: Wei, Haoyan
name: Kim, Sang Nyon
name: Kim, Sejong
name: Huey, Bryan D.
name: Papadimitrakopoulos, Fotios
name: Marcus, Harris L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on electron-beam direct writing on the SiOx/Si substrates, favorable absorption sites for ferric cations (Fe3+ ions) were created on the surface oxide layer. This allowed Fe3+-assisted self-assembled arrays of single-wall carbon nanotube (SWNT) probes to be produced. Auger investigation indicated that the incident energetic electrons depleted oxygen, creating more dangling bonds around Si atoms at the surface of the SiOx layer. This resulted in a distinct difference in the friction forces from unexposed regions as measured by lateral force microscopy (LFM). Atomic force microscopy (AFM) affirmed that the irradiated domains absorbed considerably more Fe3+ ions upon immersion into pH 2.2 aqueous FeCl3 solution. This rendered a greater yield of FeO(OH)/FeOCl precipitates, primarily FeO(OH), upon subsequent washing with lightly basic dimethylformamide (DMF) solution. Such selective metalfunctionalization established the basis for the subsequent patterned forest-assembly of SWNTs as demonstrated by resonance Raman spectroscopy.