cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Assessing consumer preferences for quality and safety attributes of food in the absence of official standards: the case of beef in Ethiopia
Creators: name: Jabbar, Mohammad A.
name: Admassu, Samuel A.
name: Jabbar, Mohammad A.
name: Admassu, Samuel A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: beef
subject: quality and safety attributes
subject: conjoint analysis

description: Conjoint analysis was applied to asses the part worth of beef quality and safety attributes using a cross sectional data from a stratified sample of 300 households in Addis Ababa city collected in June 2007. Due to the absence of official standards for quality and safety in the domestic market for beef, information on consumer perception on quality and safety attributes were derived from a rapid appraisal. These were then used for defining product profiles in the detailed survey. Results show that, freshness, abattoir stamp, fat content, hygiene of meat shop and staff, and price are significant quality and safety attributes that consumers use, in the order mentioned, in their beef purchase decisions. There are differences in the relative importance of these attributes among income classes. Freshness was most important for low income households while fat content was most important for high income households. Abattoir stamp was less important for low income households but very important for high income households. Hygiene was rated high by the higher income households and low by lower income households. Price was the least important attribute for quality and safety for the entire sample as well as for different income groups. The result of the study could be used for designing safety and quality standard for local wet market and gradually revise such standards as more empirical information on changing consumer demand for quality and safety become available. Further, the consistency of results between the PRA and the detailed survey indicate that carefully designed PRA could be a useful tool for generating information on consumer behaviour and preference in the face of time and resource constraints.
Flavor Hierarchies from Clockwork in SO(10) GUT
Creators: name: Babu, K. S.
name: Saad, Shaikh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The clockwork mechanism, which can naturally explain the origin of small numbers, is implemented in $SO(10)$ grand unified theories to address the origin of hierarchies in fermion masses and mixings. We show that a minimal Yukawa sector involving a $10_H$ and $\overline{126}_H$ of Higgs bosons, extended with two clockwork chains consisting of $16+\overline{16}$ vector-like fermions, can explain the hierarchical patterns with all the Yukawa couplings being of order one. Emergence of a realistic mass spectrum does not require any symmetry that distinguishes the three generations. We develop clockwork-extended $SO(10)$ GUTs both in the context of SUSY and non-SUSY frameworks. Implementation of the mechanism in non-SUSY scenario assumes a Peccei-Quinn symmetry realized at an intermediate scale, with the clockwork sector carrying non-trivial charges, which solves the strong CP problem and provides axion as a dark matter candidate.
description: 22 pages + references; references are updated; Version to appear in PRD
Additional file 1 of Early exposure to environment sounds and the development of cortical auditory evoked potentials of preterm infants during the first 3 months of life
Creators: name: Hannalice Gottschalck Cavalcanti
name: Aryelly Dayane Da Silva Nunes
name: Cunha, Brenda Karla Silva Da
name: Kátia De Freitas Alvarenga
name: Balen, Sheila Andreoli
name: Pereira, Antonio
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Correlation and linear regression values for P1 latencies.
Far-Ultraviolet Observations of RR Lyrae Stars in the Core of NGC 1851
Creators: name: Downes, Ronald A.
name: Margon, Bruce
name: Homer, Lee
name: Anderson, Scott F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There are extraordinarily few far ultraviolet observations of RR Lyrae stars in the literature. We present Hubble Space Telescope FUV (~1600 A) imaging of the core of the globular cluster NGC 1851. Eleven new variables whose light curves are consistent with those of RR Lyr stars are discovered, increasing the total number of RR Lyr known in this cluster by a substantial amount. In agreement with basic physical theory, the observed amplitude of the variables in the FUV is enormous compared with the century of past optical observations, ranging up to 4 mag. HST STIS FUV observations of cluster cores may prove an especially effective means of obtaining a near-complete census of RR Lyr stars, combining high angular resolution, suppression of luminous red stars, and data where the stellar pulsation amplitudes are greatly enhanced. Attention is also drawn to a peculiar blue object in the cluster that is most probably a low mass x-ray binary system in quiescence.
description: Accepted for publication in The Astronomical Journal, Vol. 128, Nov. 2004, 13 pages, 4 figures, AASTeX v5.0
Additional file 15 of Epigenome-wide DNA methylation analysis of small cell lung cancer cell lines suggests potential chemotherapy targets
Creators: name: Krushkal, Julia
name: Silvers, Thomas
name: Reinhold, William C.
name: Sonkin, Dmitriy
name: Vural, Suleyman
name: Connelly, John
name: Varma, Sudhir
name: Meltzer, Paul S.
name: Kunkel, Mark
name: Rapisarda, Annamaria
name: Evans, David
name: Pommier, Yves
name: Teicher, Beverly A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 15: Supplementary Figure 3. A-F. Scatterplots of SLFN11 probe and region DNA methylation, transcript expression, and drug response. Plotted are methylation beta-values, log2-transformed expression of the SLFN11 transcript 3753500, and log(IC50) measures of drug response. G. Methylation of the TSS200 of SLFN11 (vertical sidebar) plotted against the heatmap of SCLC cell line clustering based on expression of the SCLC lineage marker genes. In the heatmap, rows represent SCLC cell lines, whereas columns represent log2-transformed expression of NEUROD1, ASCL1, ASLC2, INSM1, YAP1, and POU2F3. For those cell lines that had previously reported SCLC lineage subtype classification [2], their lineage subtype assignments are listed with their cell line names in the vertical right column of row labels.
Stretched exponentials from superstatistics
Creators: name: Beck, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Distributions exhibiting fat tails occur frequently in many different areas of science. A dynamical reason for fat tails can be a so-called superstatistics, where one has a superposition of local Gaussians whose variance fluctuates on a rather large spatio-temporal scale. After briefly reviewing this concept, we explore in more detail a class of superstatistics that hasn't been subject of many investigations so far, namely superstatistics for which a suitable power beta^eta of the local inverse temperature beta is chi^2-distributed. We show that eta >0 leads to power law distributions, while eta <0 leads to stretched exponentials. The special case eta=1 corresponds to Tsallis statistics and the special case eta=-1 to exponential statistics of the square root of energy. Possible applications for granular media and hydrodynamic turbulence are discussed.
description: 10 pages. Proceedings of NEXT-SigmaPhi conference, Kolymbari, 13-18 August 2005
On the Dark Matter Halos of Optical and IR-selected AGN in the Local Universe
Creators: name: Alpaslan, Mehmet
name: Tinker, Jeremy L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the technique of total satellite luminosity, L_sat, to probe the dark matter halos around active galactic nuclei in the SDSS Main Galaxy Sample. Our results focus on galaxies and AGN that are the central galaxy of their halo. Our two AGN samples are constructed from optical emission-line diagnostics and from WISE infrared colors. Both optically-selected and WISE-selected AGN have L_sat values twice as high as non-active galaxy samples when controlling for stellar mass and mean stellar age. This implies that the halos are twice as massive, but we cannot rule out that the increase in L_sat is due to these AGN residing in younger halos at the same mass. When only controlling for host galaxy stellar mass, WISE-selected AGN also have higher L_sat values than optical AGN at the factor of two level, consistent with previous results comparing the clustering of obscured and unobscured AGN. However, controlling for stellar age in the two populations of host galaxies removes half of this difference, attenuating the statistical significance of the difference. We perform permutation tests to quantify the different in the halo populations of each sample. The difference in star formation properties does not fully explain the difference in the two AGN populations, however. Although AGN luminosity correlates with mean stellar age, the difference in stellar age between the WISE and optical samples cannot be fully explained by differences in their AGN luminosity distributions.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures, submitted to MNRAS
Price transmission in the Spanish bovine sector: the BSE effect
Creators: name: Hassouneh, Islam
name: Serra, Teresa
name: Gil, Jose Maria
name: Hassouneh, Islam
name: Serra, Teresa
name: Gil, Jose Maria
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Political Economy
subject: Production Economics
subject: BSE crisis
subject: price transmission
subject: regime-switching

description: A regime-switching vector error correction model is applied to monthly price data to assess the impact of BSE outbreaks on price relationships and patterns of transmission among farm and retail markets for bovine in Spain. To evaluate the degree to which price transmission is affected by BSE food scares, a BSE food scare index is developed and used to determine regime-switching. Results suggest that BSE scares affect beef producers and retailers differently. Consumer prices are found to be weakly exogenous and not found to react to BSE scares, while producer prices conversely adjusted. The magnitude of the adjustment is found to depend on the magnitude of the BSE scare.
Village Elections, Public Goods Investments and Pork Barrel Politics, Chinese-style
Creators: name: Luo, Renfu
name: Zhang, Linxiu
name: Huang, Jikun
name: Rozelle, Scott
name: Luo, Renfu
name: Zhang, Linxiu
name: Huang, Jikun
name: Rozelle, Scott
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Political Economy
subject: Public Economics
subject: Democratization
subject: Elections
subject: Public goods
subject: Rural China

description: A key issue in political economy concerns the accountability that governance structures impose on public officials and how elections and representative democracy influences the allocation of public resources. In this paper we exploit a unique survey data set from nearly 2450 randomly selected villages describing China’s recent progress in village governance reforms and its relationship to the provision of public goods in rural China between 1998 and 2004. Two sets of questions are investigated using an empirical framework based on a theoretical model in which local governments must decide to allocate fiscal resources between public goods investments and other expenditures. First, we find evidence—both in descriptive and econometric analyses—that when the village leader is elected, ceteris paribus, the provision of public goods rises (compared to the case when the leader is appointed by upper level officials). Thus, in this way it is possible to conclude that democratization—at least at the village level in rural China—appears to increase the quantity of public goods investment. Second, we seek to understand the mechanism that is driving the results. Also based on survey data, we find that when village leaders (who had been elected) are able to implement more public projects during their terms of office, they, as the incumbent, are more likely to be reelected. In this way, we argue that the link between elections and investment may be a rural China version of pork barrel politics.
Strain-engineering the Schottky barrier and electrical transport on MoS2
Creators: name: John, Ashby Phillip
name: Thenapparambil, Arya
name: Thalakulam, Madhu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Strain provides an effective means to tune the electrical properties while retaining the native chemical composition of the material. Unlike three-dimensional solids, two-dimensional materials withstand higher levels of elastic strain making it easier to tune various electrical properties to suit the technology needs. In this work we explore the effect of uniaxial tensile-strain on the electrical transport properties of bi- and few-layered MoS2, a promising 2D semiconductor. Raman shifts corresponding to the in-plane vibrational modes show a redshift with strain indicating a softening of the in-plane phonon modes. Photo luminescence measurements reveal a redshift in the direct and the indirect emission peaks signalling a reduction in the material bandgap. Transport measurements show a substantial enhancement in the electrical conductivity with a high piezoresistive gauge factor of ~ 321 superior to that for Silicon for our bi-layered device. The simulations conducted over the experimental findings reveal a substantial reduction of the Schottky barrier height at the electrical contacts in addition to the resistance of MoS2. Our studies reveal that strain is an important and versatile ingredient to tune the electrical properties of 2D materials and also can be used to engineer high-efficiency electrical contacts for future device engineering.
Additional file 14 of Epigenome-wide DNA methylation analysis of small cell lung cancer cell lines suggests potential chemotherapy targets
Creators: name: Krushkal, Julia
name: Silvers, Thomas
name: Reinhold, William C.
name: Sonkin, Dmitriy
name: Vural, Suleyman
name: Connelly, John
name: Varma, Sudhir
name: Meltzer, Paul S.
name: Kunkel, Mark
name: Rapisarda, Annamaria
name: Evans, David
name: Pommier, Yves
name: Teicher, Beverly A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 14: Supplementary Figure 2. Scatterplots of EPAS1 probe DNA methylation, transcript expression, and log(IC50) of AMG-900. A. Methylation of the EPAS1 probe cg08937075 vs log(IC50) of AMG-900. Horizontal scale represents methylation beta-values, whereas the vertical scale represents the log(IC50) values. B. Methylation of the EPAS1 probe cg08937075 vs expression of the EPAS1 transcript 2480383. Horizontal scale represents the methylation beta-values, whereas the vertical scale shows the log2-transformed gene expression.
Understanding Differences Between Financial Distress and Bankruptcy
Creators: name: Platt, Harlan D.
name: Platt, Marjorie B.
name: Platt, Harlan D.
name: Platt, Marjorie B.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: financial distress
subject: early warning model
subject: renewal

description: For the most part, research purporting to address the issue of financial distress has actually studied samples of bankrupt companies. Financial distress and bankruptcy are different. In contrast, this paper starts with a sample of companies that are financially distressed but not yet bankrupt. The sample was obtained by screening the Compustat industry database with a three-tiered identification system. The screen bifurcated companies into financially and non-financially distressed groups. A multi-tiered screen reduces the incidence of mistakenly identifying a non-distressed company as financially distressed. The paper then compares factors indicating the likelihood of future bankruptcies to those indicating future financial distress. To do this, an early warning financial-distress model was developed and compared to a methodologically similar existent model of bankruptcy. The final financial distress model included only one variable present in the bankruptcy model and four new variables. The limited overlap of explanatory factors between the models questions the similarity of financial distress and bankruptcy. Statistical tests lend support to the notion that the bankruptcy process is not just a continuation of a downward spiraling cycle of financial distress. Our hypothesis is that financial distress is something that happens to companies as a consequence of operating decisions or external forces while bankruptcy is something that companies choose to do to protect their assets from creditors.
Optimal Monetary Policy Rules for Averting Productivity Induced Jobless Recoveries
Creators: name: Hudgins, David
name: Shuai, Jie
name: Hudgins, David
name: Shuai, Jie
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: monetary policy rules
subject: productivity gains

description: Although high productivity growth is a primary economic goal across nations, it can lead to short run adjustment problems when it temporarily achieves high levels. This may induce a jobless recovery when labor productivity is high while an economy is experiencing sluggish growth or a recession. This paper creates a framework for empirically modeling these effects. This model is used in the context of an optimal control framework in order to derive policy rules for guiding monetary policy during such episodes.
What are the social impacts of land use restrictions on local communities? Empirical evidence from Costa Rica
Creators: name: Andam, Kwaw S.
name: Ferraro, Paul J.
name: Holland, Margaret B.
name: Andam, Kwaw S.
name: Ferraro, Paul J.
name: Holland, Margaret B.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: International Development
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: forest conservation
subject: social impacts
subject: quasi-experimental methods

description: Global efforts to reduce deforestation rely heavily on protected areas and land use restrictions. The effect of these restrictions on local communities is currently the subject of heated debate among conservation and development experts. Measuring the social impacts of protected areas is difficult because the effects cannot be isolated from other factors, given the nonrandom placement of protection. We address this problem by applying a quasi-experimental approach to establish the counterfactual (“what would have been the socioeconomic outcome if a protected area had not been established?”). We use matching methods to measure the impacts of pre-1980 protected areas in Costa Rica on socioeconomic outcomes in 2000. In 2000, neighboring communities near protected areas were substantially poorer than average. However, after controlling for pre-protection characteristics associated with both protection and economic growth, the results indicate that poverty declined as a result of protection. Although the statistical significance of this decline is moderately sensitive to potential hidden bias, the results emphatically do not support a hypothesis that ecosystem protection, on average, exacerbates poverty. In contrast, conventional empirical methods implied erroneously that protection had negative social impacts, suggesting that failure to control for confounding factors or baselines can lead to substantially inaccurate estimates.
Chinese Regional Agricultural Productivity: 1994-2005
Creators: name: Tong, Haizhi
name: Fulginiti, Lilyan E.
name: Sesmero, Juan P.
name: Tong, Haizhi
name: Fulginiti, Lilyan E.
name: Sesmero, Juan P.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: TFP growth
subject: stochastic production frontier
subject: Malmquist index
subject: provincial TFP.

description: Agricultural productivity growth in Chinese provinces during the 1994-2005 period is examined using two alternative approaches: a parametric stochastic frontier and a non-parametric Malmquist index. These models are suitable to the Chinese situation due to the existence of procurement prices, quotas, and other interventions that have distorted prices. Results show that there is high but declining productivity growth rates in the mid 1990’s with productivity growth decreasing in the late 1990’s but with a reversal of the trend around 1998 when growth rates start accelerating. A stochastic frontier translog production function is estimated to obtain an alternative measure of total factor productivity growth. Results are compared across these two models. Although average growth in technical change is similar in the two models, the regional rates are dissimilar. A model that includes three variables hypothesized to explain the difference in performance across regions is also estimated. The three variables included in the model are irrigation ratio, illiterate ratio and agriculture expenditure level. These variables make allowance for the difference of land and labor quality and the effect of public inputs. The irrigation ratio and agriculture expenditure are found to positively relate to the technical efficiency change and the illiterate ratio is found to negatively relate to the technical efficiency change. The results are consistent with expectations.
description: Replaced with revised version of paper 07/24/09.
Post-Newtonian Kozai-Lidov Mechanism and its Effect on Cumulative Shift of Periastron Time of Binary Pulsar
Creators: name: Suzuki, Haruka
name: Gupta, Priti
name: Okawa, Hirotada
name: Maeda, Kei-ichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the Kozai-Lidov mechanism in a hierarchical triple system in detail by the direct integration of the first-order post Newtonian equations of motion. We analyse a variety of models with a pulsar to evaluate the cumulative shift of the periastron time of a binary pulsar caused by the gravitational wave emission in a hierarchical triple system with Kozai-Lidov mechanism. We compare our results with those by the double-averaging method. The deviation in the eccentricity, even if small, is important in the evaluation of the emission of the gravitational waves. We also calculate the cumulative shift of the periastron time by using obtained osculating orbital elements. If Kozai-Lidov oscillations occur, the cumulative shift curve will bend differently from that of the isolated binary. If such a bending is detected through the radio observation, it will be the first indirect observation of gravitational waves from a triple system.
description: 22 pages, 24 figures, published by MNRAS
Semiclassical limit of topological Rényi entropy in $3d$ Chern-Simons theory
Creators: name: Dwivedi, Siddharth
name: Singh, Vivek Kumar
name: Roy, Abhishek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the multi-boundary entanglement structure of the state associated with the torus link complement $S^3 \backslash T_{p,q}$ in the set-up of three-dimensional SU(2)$_k$ Chern-Simons theory. The focal point of this work is the asymptotic behavior of the Rényi entropies, including the entanglement entropy, in the semiclassical limit of $k \to \infty$. We present a detailed analysis for several torus links and observe that the entropies converge to a finite value in the semiclassical limit. We further propose that the large $k$ limiting value of the Rényi entropy of torus links of type $T_{p,pn}$ is the sum of two parts: (i) the universal part which is independent of $n$, and (ii) the non-universal or the linking part which explicitly depends on the linking number $n$. Using the analytic techniques, we show that the universal part comprises of Riemann zeta functions and can be written in terms of the partition functions of two-dimensional topological Yang-Mills theory. More precisely, it is equal to the Rényi entropy of certain states prepared in topological $2d$ Yang-Mills theory with SU(2) gauge group. Further, the universal parts appearing in the large $k$ limits of the entanglement entropy and the minimum Rényi entropy for torus links $T_{p,pn}$ can be interpreted in terms of the volume of the moduli space of flat connections on certain Riemann surfaces. We also analyze the Rényi entropies of $T_{p,pn}$ link in the double scaling limit of $k \to \infty$ and $n \to \infty$ and propose that the entropies converge in the double limit as well.
description: 68 pages, 13 figures and 11 tables. Matches with the published version
Effective refractive index tensor for weak field gravity
Creators: name: Boonserm, Petarpa
name: Cattoen, Celine
name: Faber, Tristan
name: Visser, Matt
name: Weinfurtner, Silke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gravitational lensing in a weak but otherwise arbitrary gravitational field can be described in terms of a 3 x 3 tensor, the "effective refractive index". If the sources generating the gravitational field all have small internal fluxes, stresses, and pressures, then this tensor is automatically isotropic and the "effective refractive index" is simply a scalar that can be determined in terms of a classic result involving the Newtonian gravitational potential. In contrast if anisotropic stresses are ever important then the gravitational field acts similarly to an anisotropic crystal. We derive simple formulae for the refractive index tensor, and indicate some situations in which this will be important.
description: V1: 8 pages, no figures, uses iopart.cls. V2: 13 pages, no figures. Significant additions and clarifications. This version to appear in Classical and Quantum Gravity
Additional file 13 of Epigenome-wide DNA methylation analysis of small cell lung cancer cell lines suggests potential chemotherapy targets
Creators: name: Krushkal, Julia
name: Silvers, Thomas
name: Reinhold, William C.
name: Sonkin, Dmitriy
name: Vural, Suleyman
name: Connelly, John
name: Varma, Sudhir
name: Meltzer, Paul S.
name: Kunkel, Mark
name: Rapisarda, Annamaria
name: Evans, David
name: Pommier, Yves
name: Teicher, Beverly A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 13: Supplementary Figure 1. Scatterplots of CEP350 DNA methylation and measures of SCLC drug sensitivity. A. Methylation of the 3’UTR region of CEP350 vs log(IC50) of ABT-348. Horizontal scale represents average methylation beta-values of the 3’UTR of CEP350, whereas the vertical scale represents the log(IC50) values. B. Methylation of the 3’UTR region of CEP350 vs log(IC50) of TAK-901. Horizontal scale represents the average methylation beta-values of the CEP350 3’UTR region, whereas the vertical scale represents the log(IC50) values of TAK-901.
Household Resource Endowment and Determinants of Adoption of Drought Tolerant Maize Varieties: A Double-hurdle Approach
Creators: name: Legese, Getachew
name: Langyintuo, Augustine S.
name: Mwangi, Wilfred
name: Jaleta, Moti
name: La Rovere, Roberto
name: Legese, Getachew
name: Langyintuo, Augustine S.
name: Mwangi, Wilfred
name: Jaleta, Moti
name: La Rovere, Roberto
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Wealth index
subject: double-hurdle model
subject: Ethiopia

description: Existing literature suggests the influence of household wealth on farmer's technology adoption decisions. In 2007, this study was conducted to provide a clearer understanding of how differences in household wealth affect the way in which other variables influence adoption decisions. Using data from 369 households in Adama and Adami Tulu Jido Kombolcha districts of Ethiopia, the paper first stratified households into poorly and well-endowed categories based on wealth indices constructed using their productive assets by the principal components method. A double hurdle model was then specified and estimated for each wealth group to assess factors influencing the adoption and use intensity of improved varieties. The results suggest that factors influencing the adoption and use intensity of improved maize varieties among the 61% of the poorly endowed households differed from those observed for the well endowed households. The results, therefore, draw attention to the need to design wealth group specific interventions to improve the adoption and use intensity of improved maize varieties among farmers in the two and similar districts of Ethiopia.
The Voice of Women : gendering the new Canadian nationalism
Creators: name: Blaak, Ryan Allen
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Mainstream Canadian national feeling in the late 1960s was expressed through a "new nationalism" that demanded an end to what its adherents perceived as the Americanization of Canada, especially in terms of economics. The Canadian nationalism expressed by the Voice of Women was similar to the new nationalism that impacted Canada from the late 1960s onward. Generally speaking this new nationalism has been understood through its male proponents leaving the Voice of Women and women in general outside its scope and limits. Yet the Voice of Women was clearly a part of this movement. Its concern with community was predicated upon an often overlooked component of nationalism: gender and the roles which flow from it. With the Voice of Women as its focal point, this study seeks to reinterpret nationalism, continentalism, internationalism, and identity through the lens of gender. The goal is not to use the Voice of Women to show the most prevalent or significant form of Canadian nationalism or Canadian identity: the aim rather is to delineate one of many understandings of who Canadians believe they are. In this particular case, who Canadians, as represented by the Voice of Women and its members, believed they were was fostered by gender and its roles for women. Initially the Voice of Women based itself upon a maternal justification which demanded that Canada be a nurturing, motherly figure internationally. Through the Voice of Women's maternalism, a sense of Canadian nationalism was created that saw the United States as the threat to its vision of what the Canadian way of life should be. Shifting its focus from maternalism to equality, becoming involved in a more nationalist opposition to the United States, it ended by becoming as central to the new nationalism as were Gordon, the Waffle, and the other ingredients of that still not fully understood movement. The Voice of Women's very real place in the new nationalism shows that there was another element - gender - working to foster Canadian nationalism.
Towards Measurement of Farm Sustainability - an Irish case study
Creators: name: Dillon, Emma J.
name: Hennessy, Thia C.
name: Hynes, Stephen
name: Dillon, Emma J.
name: Hennessy, Thia C.
name: Hynes, Stephen
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Sustainability Indicators
subject: Multidimensionality
subject: Composite Indicators
subject: Microsimulation.

description: Sustainability Indicators (economic, environmental and social) are developed here using Irish National Farm Survey (FADN) data over a ten-year period (1996-2006) in an attempt to measure the sustainability of Irish agriculture at the farm-level. The general concept of sustainability is discussed and the development of agricultural sustainability indicators in an Irish context described. Individual indicators are dealt with in turn and the RERC SMILE (microsimulation) model is used to demonstrate how these indicators can be mapped at electoral division level. Economic viability was found to be generally in decline over the ten-year period examined, however, when individual farming systems were taken into account, some were found to perform better than others. Unsurprisingly the more intensive farming systems (primarily dairy) were found to pollute more on average. Irish agriculture is experiencing a period of fundamental change, not least in terms of the ever-changing rural demographic; the challenge therefore lies in ensuring that farms remain economically, environmentally and socially sustainable in the long-term.
Large-x resummation of off-diagonal deep-inelastic parton scattering from d-dimensional refactorization
Creators: name: Beneke, Martin
name: Garny, Mathias
name: Jaskiewicz, Sebastian
name: Szafron, Robert
name: Vernazza, Leonardo
name: Wang, Jian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The off-diagonal parton-scattering channels $g+γ^*$ and $q+ϕ^*$ in deep-inelastic scattering are power-suppressed near threshold $x\to 1$. We address the next-to-leading power (NLP) resummation of large double logarithms of $1-x$ to all orders in the strong coupling, which are present even in the off-diagonal DGLAP splitting kernels. The appearance of divergent convolutions prevents the application of factorization methods known from leading power resummation. Employing $d$-dimensional consistency relations from requiring $1/ε$ pole cancellations in dimensional regularization between momentum regions, we show that the resummation of the off-diagonal parton-scattering channels at the leading logarithmic order can be bootstrapped from the recently conjectured exponentiation of NLP soft-quark Sudakov logarithms. In particular, we derive a result for the DGLAP kernel in terms of the series of Bernoulli numbers found previously by Vogt directly from algebraic all-order expressions. We identify the off-diagonal DGLAP splitting functions and soft-quark Sudakov logarithms as inherent two-scale quantities in the large-$x$ limit. We use a refactorization of these scales and renormalization group methods inspired by soft-collinear effective theory to derive the conjectured soft-quark Sudakov exponentiation formula.
description: 50 pages, LaTeX
Universal Eruptions: A New Hypothesis on Black Hole Explosions, Dark Energy, and the Unseen Matter Beyond
Creators: name: Rao, Lawrence
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: cosmology

description: We propose a speculative framework in which a supermassive black hole, upon reaching a critical mass, undergoes a catastrophic event termed a Universal Eruption. This event releases the matter and energy previously confined within the black hole’s event horizon. We hypothesize that cosmic acceleration, currently attributed to dark energy, may be driven by the gravitational effects of massive objects that existed outside the event horizon of a primordial black hole, which later erupted. As the observable universe (OU) expands, these external objects exert a gravitational pull on the material within the OU, potentially explaining the observed acceleration of cosmic expansion. Additionally, we suggest that the OU itself could be the remnant of such a Universal Eruption, placing us within the exploded material of a supermassive black hole. This idea challenges established cosmological models but presents an alternative view of cosmic expansion and the origins of the universe.
The Role of Agriculture in Nigeria’s Economic Growth: A General Equilibrium Analysis
Creators: name: Ehui, Simeon K.
name: Tsigas, Marinos E.
name: Ehui, Simeon K.
name: Tsigas, Marinos E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: International Development

description: Blessed with abundant land and water resources, Nigeria’s agricultural sector has a high potential for growth, but this potential is not being realized. Productivity is low and basically stagnant. Farming systems, which are mostly small in scale, are still predominantly subsistence-based and for the most part depend on the vagaries of the weather. Many agricultural policies have also been ineffective, either because they have been misguided, or because their impacts have been swamped by macro policies affecting inflation, exchange rates, and the cost of capital. Recognizing these challenges, the Federal Government of Nigeria has identified the modernization of the agricultural sector as a major priority. In this paper we have applied the Global Trade Analysis Project (GTAP) framework to estimate the growth potential of agriculture in Nigeria. Our results show that although a 1% percent technological progress in the oil sector gives the largest welfare benefits in dollar terms ($142.72 million), when we abstract for size several food and agricultural sectors have a value that is higher than that for the oil sector. Some subsectors in the agricultural sectors (e.g. cattle, fruit and vegetables) outperform some of the oil and manufacturing sectors in terms to return to investment. Also our results show technological improvements related to unskilled labor produced the highest returns in agriculture compared to any other sector. In manufacture, the highest returns are obtained from technological improvements related to capital.
Implications of analyticity to solution of Schwinger-Dyson equations in Minkowski space
Creators: name: Sauli, Vladimir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review some recent developments in nonperturbative studies of quantum field theory (QFT) using the Schwinger-Dyson equations formulated directly in Minkowski space. We begin with the introduction of essential ideas of the integral representation in QFT and a discussion of renormalization in this approach. The technique based on the integral representation of Green's functions is exploited to solve Schwinger-Dyson equations in several quantum field models, eg. in scalar models and in strong coupling $QED_{3+1}$ in the quenched and in the unquenched approximation. The phenomenon of dynamical chiral symmetry breaking in regularized theory is touched. In QCD, the analyticity of gluon propagator on the complex momentum square plane is exploited to continue some recent lattice data to timelike momentum axis. We find non-positive absorptive part contribution in the Landau gauge gluon propagator which is in agreement with some other new recent analyzes.
description: 57 pages, Sections slightly reorganized, one section devoted to CHSB added, references changed, accepted in Few-body Systems
Policy Options for Improving Market Participation and Sales of Smallholder Livestock Producers: A case study of Ethiopia
Creators: name: Ehui, Simeon K.
name: Benin, Samuel
name: Paulos, Zelekawork
name: Ehui, Simeon K.
name: Benin, Samuel
name: Paulos, Zelekawork
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: market participation and sales
subject: livestock markets
subject: Ethiopian smallholder farmers

description: Market access plays an essential role in assuring better income and welfare levels for smallholder livestock producers, and thus contributes to poverty alleviation. This is even more so in the Ethiopian context where livestock play an essential role in the economy. Making use of the Heckman estimation procedure, this paper identifies policy and technology options to increase participation and sales of smallholder producers in livestock markets in Ethiopia, based on data from 934 household surveys conducted between 1999 and 2001 in the highlands of Tigray and Amhara regions in northern Ethiopia. The analysis demonstrates that physical capital (ownership of different species of livestock and landholding) and financial capital (crop income and non-farm income) are the main factors influencing market participation and sales. Education was also found to positively affect value of sales of dairy products. Distance to markets and towns were not found to be significant. We conclude that in the case of Ethiopia, constraints to production of livestock and livestock products (e.g. capital to purchase animals, feed, and processing equipment) are the main factors limiting participation and sales in livestock markets.
Multiple outflows in the high-mass cluster forming region, G25.82-0.17
Creators: name: Kim, Jungha
name: Kim, Mi Kyoung
name: Hirota, Tomoya
name: Kim, Kee-Tae
name: Sugiyama, Koichiro
name: Honma, Mareki
name: Byun, Do-young
name: Oh, Chungsik
name: Motogi, Kazuhito
name: Kang, Jihyun
name: Kim, Jeongsook
name: Liu, Tie
name: Hu, Bo
name: Burns, Ross A.
name: Chibueze, James O.
name: Matsumoto, Naoko
name: Sunada, Kazuyoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results of continuum and spectral line observations with ALMA and 22 GHz water (H$_2$O) maser observations using KaVA and VERA toward a high-mass star-forming region, G25.82-0.17. Multiple 1.3 mm continuum sources are revealed, indicating the presence of young stellar objects (YSOs) at different evolutionary stages, namely an ultra-compact HII region, G25.82-E, a high-mass young stellar object (HM-YSO), G25.82-W1, and starless cores, G25.82-W2 and G25.82-W3. Two SiO outflows, at N-S and SE-NW orientations, are identified. The CH$_3$OH 8$_{-1}$-7$_{0}$ E line, known to be a class I CH$_3$OH maser at 229 GHz is also detected showing a mixture of thermal and maser emission. Moreover, the H$_2$O masers are distributed in a region ~0.25" shifted from G25.82-W1. The CH$_3$OH 22$_{4}$-21$_{5}$ E line shows a compact ring-like structure at the position of G25.82-W1 with a velocity gradient, indicating a rotating disk or envelope. Assuming Keplerian rotation, the dynamical mass of G25.82-W1 is estimated to be $>$25 M$_{\odot}$ and the total mass of 20 M$_\odot$-84 M$_\odot$ is derived from the 1.3 mm continuum emission. The driving source of the N-S SiO outflow is G25.82-W1 while that of the SE-NW SiO outflow is uncertain. Detection of multiple high-mass starless$/$protostellar cores and candidates without low-mass cores implies that HM-YSOs could form in individual high-mass cores as predicted by the turbulent core accretion model. If this is the case, the high-mass star formation process in G25.82 would be consistent with a scaled-up version of low-mass star formation.
description: 28 pages, 9 figures, accepted to ApJ
Magnetic properties of a Kondo insulator with RKKY interaction: Extended dynamical mean field study
Creators: name: Ohashi, Takuma
name: Suga, Sei-ichiro
name: Kawakami, Norio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the Kondo lattice model with the Heisenberg-type RKKY-exchange coupling among localized f-spins in the presence of a magnetic field. By means of an extended dynamical mean field theory combined with the non-crossing approximation, we investigate the one-particle spectral function and the dynamical spin correlation function in the Kondo insulating phase. It is shown that the magnetic field and the RKKY exchange interaction both cause the instability to the antiferromagnetic order with enhanced transverse spin fluctuations, which give rise to a strong renormalization of quasi-particles as the system approaches the quantum critical point. This leads to a tendency to retain the Kondo insulating gap up to rather large fields.
description: 11 pages, 10 figures. submitted to Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter
Conversational Machine Comprehension: a Literature Review
Creators: name: Gupta, Somil
name: Rawat, Bhanu Pratap Singh
name: Yu, Hong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Conversational Machine Comprehension (CMC), a research track in conversational AI, expects the machine to understand an open-domain natural language text and thereafter engage in a multi-turn conversation to answer questions related to the text. While most of the research in Machine Reading Comprehension (MRC) revolves around single-turn question answering (QA), multi-turn CMC has recently gained prominence, thanks to the advancement in natural language understanding via neural language models such as BERT and the introduction of large-scale conversational datasets such as CoQA and QuAC. The rise in interest has, however, led to a flurry of concurrent publications, each with a different yet structurally similar modeling approach and an inconsistent view of the surrounding literature. With the volume of model submissions to conversational datasets increasing every year, there exists a need to consolidate the scattered knowledge in this domain to streamline future research. This literature review attempts at providing a holistic overview of CMC with an emphasis on the common trends across recently published models, specifically in their approach to tackling conversational history. The review synthesizes a generic framework for CMC models while highlighting the differences in recent approaches and intends to serve as a compendium of CMC for future researchers.
description: Accepted to COLING 2020
An Analysis of Demand Elasticities for Fluid Milk Products in the U.S.
Creators: name: Davis, Christopher G.
name: Blayney, Donald P.
name: Cooper, Joseph C.
name: Yen, Steven T.
name: Davis, Christopher G.
name: Blayney, Donald P.
name: Cooper, Joseph C.
name: Yen, Steven T.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Nielsen home scan retail data
subject: milk demand
subject: elasticities
subject: fluid milk
subject: reduced fat milk
subject: whole milk
subject: flavored milk
subject: canned milk
subject: buttermilk
subject: non-linear AIDS
subject: censored translog demand system

description: This study examines retail fluid milk products purchase data from Nielsen 2005 home scan data. The demand for seven categories of fluid milk products were estimated: whole milk, whole flavored milk, reduced fat milk, flavored reduced fat milk, buttermilk, canned milk and all other fluid milk products. Analyses of the purchases of seven fluid milk categories based on the Nielsen 2005 home scan retail data are used to determine the roles marital status, age, race, education, female employment status and location play in the empirical estimations of aggregate demand elasticities. To derive the demand elasticities, a censored translog demand system is used. The results reveal that price and income are the main determinants of demand for fluid milk products with a few minor determinants. All own-price elasticities are greater than unity for all fluid milk categories except for the compensated reduced fat milk. All expenditure elasticities are inelastic except for reduced fat milk and most of the fluid milk categories are substitutes.