cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Kaehler-Ricci Flow, Morse Theory, and Vacuum Structure Deformation of N=1 Supersymmetry in Four Dimensions
Creators: name: Gunara, Bobby E.
name: Zen, Freddy P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We address some aspects of four dimensional chiral N=1 supersymmetric theories on which the scalar manifold is described by Kähler geometry and can further be viewed as Kähler-Ricci soliton generating a one-parameter family of Kähler geometries. All couplings and solutions, namely the BPS domain walls and their supersymmetric Lorentz invariant vacua turn out to be evolved with respect to the flow parameter related to the soliton. Two models are discussed, namely N=1 theory on Kähler-Einstein manifold and U(n) symmetric Kähler-Ricci soliton with positive definite metric. In the first case we find that the evolution of the soliton causes topological change and correspondingly, modifies the Morse index of the nondegenerate vacua realized in the parity transformation of the Hessian matrix of the scalar potential after hitting singularity, which is natural in the global theory and for nondegenerate Minkowskian vacua of the local theory. However, such situation is not trivial in anti de Sitter (AdS) vacua. In an explicit model, we find that this geometric (Kähler-Ricci) flow can also change the index of the vacuum before and after singularity. Finally in the second case, since around the origin the metric is diffeomorphic to $ {\mathrm{\lC P}}^{n -1}$, we have to consider it in the asymptotic region. Our analysis shows that no index modification of vacua is present in both global and local theories.
description: Typos and grammar corrected, 41 pages, published version
Quantum Cosmology in $f(Q)$ theory
Creators: name: Dimakis, N.
name: Paliathanasis, A.
name: Christodoulakis, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use Dirac's method for the quantization of constrained systems in order to quantize a spatially flat Friedmann-Lemaître-Robertson-Walker spacetime in the context of $f(Q)$ cosmology. When the coincident gauge is considered, the resulting minisuperspace system possesses second class constraints. This distinguishes the quantization process from the typical Wheeler-DeWitt quantization, which is applied for cosmological models where only first class constraints are present (e.g. for models in General Relativity or in $f(R)$ gravity). We introduce the Dirac brackets, find appropriate canonical coordinates and then apply the canonical quantization procedure. We perform this method both in vacuum and in the presence of matter: a minimally coupled scalar field and a perfect fluid with a linear equation of state. We demonstrate that the matter content changes significantly the quantization procedure, with the perfect fluid even requiring to put in use the theory of fractional Quantum Mechanics in which the power of the momentum in the Hamiltonian is associated with the fractal dimension of a Lévy flight. The results of this analysis can be applied in $f(T)$ teleparallel cosmology, since $f(Q)$ and $f(T)$ theories have the same degrees of freedom and same dynamical constraints in cosmological studies.
description: Latex2e source file, 33 pages, 2 figures, accepted in CQG
Antigreenmail charter amendments and shareholders’ wealth
Creators: name: Yeo, Boon Hong
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: From time to time, firms do repurchase their shares. An open market repurchase or a general tender offer does not have the effect of transfering wealth from one group of shareholders to another. This is in contrast to a privately negotiated premium repurchase from a single block holder where the remaining shareholders are excluded from participating in the offer. This type of targeted share repurchasing has been observed before - or in connection with - a takeover attempt and often has the effect of terminating the takeover attempt. Such a targeted share repurchase is commonly referred to as "greenmail". The price is usually at a premium over the prevailing market price and the seller will typically agree to abstain from acquiring any more of the company's voting stock. The non-participating shareholders stand to lose from both the premium paid out of corporate assets and the loss of a potential takeover offer premium. Recently, firms have been proposing to institute antigreenmail charter amendments that would prevent management from engaging in greenmail. Such a proposal may or may not be in the best interest of shareholders. This paper attempts to measure the economic significance of an antigreenmail proposal. The methodology chosen is that of an event-time study. The magnitude of abnormal returns is used to gauge its significance in relation to the day that the market learns of the antigreenmail charter amendment. The "stockholder interest hypothesis" predicts that the proposal is undertaken with the interest of shareholders in mind and thus stock prices should react positively to the announcement. However, the results obtained do not support that hypothesis. Stockholders seem to suffer a statistically significant decline in the value of their shares around the day when news of such proposals reach the market. This result is also inconsistent with previous empirical evidence on targeted repurchases and standstill agreements.
Detecting two photons with one molecule
Creators: name: Biswas, Saumya
name: van Enk, S. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply input-output theory with quantum pulses [AH Kiilerich, K Mølmer, Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 123}, 123604 (2019)] to a model of a new type of two-photon detector consisting of one molecule that can detect two photons arriving sequentially in time. The underlying process is distinct from the usual two-photon absorption process where two photons arriving simultaneously and with frequencies adding up to the resonance frequency are absorbed by a single molecule in one quantum jump. Our detector model includes a Hamiltonian description of the amplification process necessary to convert the microscopic change in the single molecule to a macroscopic signal.
description: 14 pages, 9 figures, minor changes in response to referee comments. To appear in Phys. Rev. A
Modelling of a miniature microwave driven nitrogen plasma jet and comparison to measurements
Creators: name: Klute, Michael
name: Kemaneci, Efe
name: Porteanu, Horia-Rugen
name: Stefanovic, Ilija
name: Heinrich, Wolfgang
name: Awakowicz, Peter
name: Brinkmann, Ralf Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The MMWICP (Miniature MicroWave ICP) is a new plasma source using the induction principle. Recently Klute et al. presented a mathematical model for the electromagnetic fields and power balance of the new device. In this work the electromagnetic model is coupled with a global chemistry model for nitrogen, based on the chemical reaction set of Thorsteinsson and Gudmundsson and customized for the geometry of the MMWICP. The combined model delivers a quantitative description for a non-thermal plasma at a pressure of $p=1000\,\mathrm{Pa}$ and a gas temperature of $T_\mathrm{g}=650\mbox{-}1600\,\mathrm{K}$. Comparison with published experimental data shows a good agreement for the volume averaged plasma parameters at high power, for the spatial distribution of the discharge and for the microwave measurements. Furthermore, the balance of capacitive and inductive \linebreak coupling in the absorbed power is analyzed. This leads to the interpretation of the discharge regime at a electron density of $n_\mathrm{e} \approx 6.4 \!\times\!10^{18} \, \mathrm{m}^{-3}$ as $E/H$-hybridmode with an capacitive and inductive component.
Moving Vortex Phases, Dynamical Symmetry Breaking, and Jamming for Vortices in Honeycomb Pinning Arrays
Creators: name: Reichhardt, C.
name: Reichhardt, C. J. Olson
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show using numerical simulations that vortices in honeycomb pinning arrays can exhibit a remarkable variety of dynamical phases that are distinct from those found for triangular and square pinning arrays. In the honeycomb arrays, it is possible for the interstitial vortices to form dimer or higher n-mer states which have an additional orientational degree of freedom that can lead to the formation of vortex molecular crystals. For filling fractions where dimer states appear, a novel dynamical symmetry breaking can occur when the dimers flow in one of two possible alignment directions. This leads to transport in the direction transverse to the applied drive. We show that dimerization produces distinct types of moving phases which depend on the direction of the driving force with respect to the pinning lattice symmetry. When the dimers are driven along certain directions, a reorientation of the dimers can produce a jamming phenomenon which results in a strong enhancement in the critical depinning force. The jamming can also cause unusual effects such as an increase in the critical depinning force when the size of the pinning sites is reduced.
description: 20 pages, 29 figures
Mapping the dynamic interactions between vortex species in highly anisotropic superconductors
Creators: name: Tesei, M.
name: Perkins, G. K.
name: Caplin, A. D.
name: Cohen, L. F.
name: Tamegai, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Here we use highly sensitive magnetisation measurements performed using a Hall probe sensor on single crystals of highly anisotropic high temperature superconductors $Bi_{2}Sr_{2}CaCu_{2}O_{8}$ to study the dynamic interactions between the two species of vortices that exist in such superconductors. We observe a remarkable and clearly delineated high temperature regime that mirrors the underlying vortex phase diagram. Our results map out the parameter space over which these dynamic interaction processes can be used to create vortex ratchets, pumps and other fluxonic devices.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures, to be published in Supercond. Sci. Technol
Cleaving-temperature dependence of layered-oxide surfaces
Creators: name: Pennec, Y.
name: Ingle, N. J. C.
name: Elfimov, I. S
name: Varene, E.
name: Damascelli, A.
name: Barth, J. V.
name: Maeno, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The surfaces generated by cleaving non-polar, two-dimensional oxides are often considered to be perfect or ideal. However, single particle spectroscopies on Sr2RuO4, an archetypal non-polar two dimensional oxide, show significant cleavage temperature dependence. We demonstrate that this is not a consequence of the intrinsic characteristics of the surface: lattice parameters and symmetries, step heights, atom positions, or density of states. Instead, we find a marked increase in the density of defects at the mesoscopic scale with increased cleave temperature. The potential generality of these defects to oxide surfaces may have broad consequences to interfacial control and the interpretation of surface sensitive measurements.
Физическая мезомеханика очага землетрясения
Creators: name: Кишкина Светлана Борисовна
name: Кочарян Геворг Грантович
Publisher: name: Физическая мезомеханика
Year: 2020
Subjects: очаг землетрясения
сейсмогенные разломы
режимы скольжения
иерархически организованная среда
трение геоматериалов

description: В статье приведен краткий обзор основных результатов, полученных в последние годы при исследовании процессов скольжения по разломам. Опубликованные гипотезы и данные проанализированы на основе подхода, предложенного В.Е. Паниным, согласно которому геосреда рассматривается как многоуровневая иерархически организованная система, в которой все процессы самосогласованно эволюционируют на нано-, микро-, мезои макромасштабном уровнях. Основное внимание в обзоре уделено иерархии структур, которые, согласно современным представлениям, формируют зону скольжения сейсмогенного разлома, а также их взаимосвязи с механическими характеристиками поверхностей локализации скольжения и микроконтактов, которые определяют динамику скольжения разломных зон на макроуровне. Показано, что эволюция свойств контактов частиц заполнителя зоны скольжения определяет не только возможность возникновения неустойчивости, но и способность разлома к восстановлению прочности со временем. Описана простейшая схема иерархии макрошероховатостей, которая позволяет отразить важное положение о том, что старт, эволюция и остановка сейсмогенного разрыва определяются размерами и взаимным расположением областей, обладающих разной динамикой фрикционных характеристик в процессе скольжения. Выполненный анализ результатов натурных наблюдений показывает, что точность наблюдений и неоднозначность интерпретации решения обратной задачи не позволяют пока уверенно идентифицировать участки разломов, обладающих свойствами скоростного разупрочнения. Более достоверно установить размеры и расположение этих зон может позволить анализ результатов регистрации высокочастотных колебаний в окрестности разрыва землетрясения. При этом хорошую основу для интерпретации таких результатов создают базовые представления физической мезомеханики.
Holographic Hadro-Quarkonium
Creators: name: Dubynskiy, S.
name: Gorsky, A.
name: Voloshin, M. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the recently suggested model for some resonances near the open charm threshold as bound states of charmonium inside excited light mesons. It is argued in the soft-wall holographic model of QCD that such states of heavy quarkonium necessarily exist at sufficiently large spin of the light meson. The bound state is provided by the dilaton exchange through the 5D bulk. We also argue that the decay of such bound systems into mesons with open heavy flavors due to splitting of the heavy quarkonium can be treated as semiclassical tunneling and is suppressed. This behavior is in agreement with the known relative suppression of the decay of the discussed charmonium-like resonances into channels with D mesons.
description: 11 pages, 1 figure
Crossing the phantom divide in brane cosmology with curvature corrections and brane-bulk energy transfer
Creators: name: Wu, Shao-Feng
name: Chatrabhuti, Auttakit
name: Yang, Guo-Hong
name: Zhang, Peng-Ming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the Randall-Sundrum brane-world model with bulk-brane energy transfer where the Einstein-Hilbert action is modified by curvature correction terms: a four-dimensional scalar curvature from induced gravity on the brane, and a five-dimensional Gauss-Bonnet curvature term. It is remarkable that these curvature terms will not change the dynamics of the brane universe at low energy. Parameterizing the energy transfer and taking the dark radiation term into account, we find that the phantom divide of the equation of state of effective dark energy could be crossed, without the need of any new dark energy components. Fitting the two most reliable and robust SNIa datasets, the 182 Gold dataset and the Supernova Legacy Survey (SNLS), our model indeed has a small tendency of phantom divide crossing for the Gold dataset, but not for the SNLS dataset. Furthermore, combining the recent detection of the SDSS baryon acoustic oscillations peak (BAO) with lower matter density parameter prior, we find that the SNLS dataset also mildly favors phantom divide crossing.
description: 11 pages,3 figures, revtex4, revised version, accepted for publication in Phys. Lett. B
Реализация подхода физической мезомеханики при моделировании геосреды
Creators: name: Макаров Владимир Владимирович
name: Гузев Михаил Александрович
Publisher: name: Физическая мезомеханика
Year: 2020
Subjects: мезоструктура
физическая мезомеханика
геомеханика
сильное сжатие
трещина отрыва
неевклидова модель
горные породы

description: Сформулирована методология на основе концепции физической мезомеханики, предложенной В.Е. Паниным, для моделирования иерархически блочной геосреды. Предлагается рассматривать ее как сплошную среду с дефектами, основным структурным элементом которой является трещина отрыва, развивающаяся при сдвиге в условиях всестороннего сжатия среды. Показано, что сдвиго-отрывной механизм разрушения является причиной формирования несовместности элементов геосреды, и предложена классификация ее структурных уровней. Указанное свойство сплошной среды обосновывает применение неевклидовой теории для моделирования геосреды на всех уровнях ее блочной иерархии. Эффективность применения неевклидовой модели для описания ее мезоструктур продемонстрирована при рассмотрении первых двух структурных уровней.
Electron-Hole Generation and Recombination Rates for Coulomb Scattering in Graphene
Creators: name: Rana, Farhan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate electron-hole generation and recombination rates for Coulomb scattering (Auger recombination and impact ionization) in Graphene. The conduction and valence band dispersion relation in Graphene together with energy and momentum conservation requirements restrict the phase space for Coulomb scattering so that electron-hole recombination times can be much longer than 1 ps for electron-hole densities smaller than $10^{12}$ cm$^{-2}$.
description: 13 pages, 7 figures
An overview of ultra short wavelengths inmacromolecular crystallography
Creators: name: Helliwell, John R
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: High photon energies; Crystallography

description: My abstract for this talk published by the ACA in its Abstracts book was:-

When ESRP released its X-ray undulators specifications in the1980s the

intensities were unprecedented. A report was prepared for ESRP, at CERN,

based on detailed analyses in a visit I made to LURE to work with Roger

Fourme, We modelled cryomounting of a protein crystal with a Cu stalk to

carry away heat from the sample absorbed from the X-ray undulator beam &

modelled thermal heating at short wavelengths. The reduced diffraction

efficiency of the sample could be handled by the increased brilliance. The

ESRP was already 5GeV and so also a high photon energy source. Considering

the ratio of the diffraction efficiency and the absorbed photon versus

energy led Uli Arndt to the idea that gains in measurable diffraction data

per protein sample were possible. At the SRS wiggler, with Britt Hedman and

Keith Hodgson, an experimental simulation of the undulator intensity at an

ESRF but with white beam radiation showed that ~20 micron gramicidin

samples gave nice (Laue) diffraction patterns. Next, tests at CHESS on

their multipole wiggler showed readily measurable diffraction from a

protein crystal specifically at 25keV and 38 keV and led to the ideas of

‘ideal data’ free of absorption errors & of using short wavelength

absorption edge resonant scattering, included in the ESRF Foundation Phase

Report. But, since cryodata MX measurement proved very effective at

controlling radiation damage and various phasing methods developed notably

at the Se K edge, the use of high photon energies for MX went 'quiet'. But

high pressure MX at ESRF ID30 reinvigorated the topic as did MX phasing at

the Xe and Ho K edges (ESRF ID15). We also still don't have a dedicated

charge density Beamline, and where 33 keV would help with the ‘ideal data’

required; a proposal to ESRF from ECDM V has been made.
description: I presented this talk at the American Crystallographic Association Annual Conference held in Albuquerque in 2014. I am uploading this talk now as there is a renewed interest in high photon energies in macromolecular crystallography owing to an interest in ambient temperature data collection.
Ammonia Imaging of the Disks in the NGC 1333 IRAS 4A Protobinary System
Creators: name: Choi, Minho
name: Tatematsu, Ken'ichi
name: Park, Geumsook
name: Kang, Miju
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The NGC 1333 IRAS 4A protobinary was observed in the ammonia (2, 2) and (3, 3) lines and in the 1.3 cm continuum with a high resolution (about 1.0 arcsec). The ammonia maps show two compact sources, one for each protostar, and they are probably protostellar accretion disks. The disk associated with IRAS 4A2 is seen nearly edge-on and shows an indication of rotation. The A2 disk is brighter in the ammonia lines but dimmer in the dust continuum than its sibling disk, with the ammonia-to-dust flux ratios different by about an order of magnitude. This difference suggests that the twin disks have surprisingly dissimilar characters, one gas-rich and the other dusty. The A2 disk may be unusually active or hot, as indicated by its association with water vapor masers. The existence of two very dissimilar disks in a binary system suggests that the formation process of multiple systems has a controlling agent lacking in the isolated star formation process and that stars belonging to a multiple system do not necessarily evolve in phase with each other.
High $P_T$ Higgs excess as a signal of non-local QFT at the LHC
Creators: name: Su, Xing-Fu
name: Li, You-Ying
name: Nicolaidou, Rosy
name: Chen, Min
name: Wu, Hsin-Yeh
name: Paganis, Stathes
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Non-local extensions of the Standard Model with a non-locality scale $Λ_{NL}$ have the effect of smearing the pointlike vertices of the Standard Model. At energies significantly lower than $Λ_{NL}$ vertices appear pointlike, while beyond this scale all beta functions vanish and all couplings approach a fixed point leading to scale invariance. Non-local SM extensions are ghost free, with the non-locality scale serving as an effective cutoff to radiative corrections of the Higgs mass. We argue that the data expected to be collected at the LHC phase 2 will have a sensitivity to non-local effects originating from a non-locality scale of a few TeV. Using an infinite derivative prescription, we study modifications to heavy vector-boson cross sections that can lead to an enhanced production of boosted Higgs bosons in a region of the kinematic phase space where the SM background is very small.
description: Published in EPJC
Hadronic Decays of the X(3872) to chi_{cJ} in Effective Field Theory
Creators: name: Fleming, Sean
name: Mehen, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The decays of the X(3872) to P-wave quarkonia are calculated under the assumption that it is a shallow bound state of neutral charmed mesons. The X(3872) is described using an effective theory of nonrelativistic D mesons and pions (X-EFT). We calculate X(3872) decays by first matching heavy hadron chiral perturbation theory (HHchiPT) amplitudes for D^0 bar{D}^{*0} -> chi_{cJ} + (pi^0,pi+pi) onto local operators in X-EFT, and then using these operators to calculate the X(3872) decays. This procedure reproduces the factorization theorems for X(3872) decays to conventional quarkonia previously derived using the operator product expansion. For single pion decays, we find nontrivial dependence on the pion energy from HHchiPT diagrams with virtual D mesons. This nontrivial energy dependence can potentially modify heavy quark symmetry predictions for the relative sizes of decay rates. At leading order, decays to final states with two pions are dominated by the final state chi_{c1} + pi^0 + pi^0, with a branching fraction just below that for the decay to chi_{c1} + pi^0. Decays to all other final states with two pions are highly suppressed.
description: 13 Pages, 3 Figures. We recalculate the decay to chi_{c1} + pi^0 + pi^0 including the D^{*0} width and find a branching fraction relative to the decay to chi_{c1} + pi^0 that is 0.6
Photoluminescence Spectroscopy of the Molecular Biexciton in Vertically Stacked Quantum Dot Pairs
Creators: name: Scheibner, M.
name: Ponomarev, I. V.
name: Stinaff, E. A.
name: Doty, M. F.
name: Bracker, A. S.
name: Hellberg, C. S.
name: Reinecke, T. L.
name: Gammon, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present photoluminescence studies of the molecular neutral biexciton-exciton spectra of individual vertically stacked InAs/GaAs quantum dot pairs. We tune either the hole or the electron levels of the two dots into tunneling resonances. The spectra are described well within a few-level, few-particle molecular model. Their properties can be modified broadly by an electric field and by structural design, which makes them highly attractive for controlling nonlinear optical properties.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures, (v2, revision based on reviewers comments, published)
Многоуровневые модели в физической мезомеханике металлов и сплавов: результаты и перспективы
Creators: name: Янц Антон Юрьевич
name: Кондратьев Никита Сергеевич
name: Швейкин Алексей Игоревич
name: Трусов Петр Валентинович
Publisher: name: Физическая мезомеханика
Year: 2020
Subjects: физическая мезомеханика
многоуровневые упруговязкопластические модели
сверхпластические деформации
рекристаллизация
поверхностные эффекты

description: Создание новых конструкционных материалов (в первую очередь металлов и сплавов) и технологий их обработки с целью получения изделий с высокими эксплуатационными характеристиками остается и еще долго будет оставаться одной из важнейших проблем многих областей знания и отраслей промышленности. Для решения возникающих весьма сложных задач проектирования материалов и процессов их обработки в последние десятилетия широко привлекаются разнообразные математические модели, значительная часть которых базируется на макрофеноменологических континуальных теориях упругопластичности. В то же время известно, что физико-механические свойства металлических материалов и рабочие характеристики изделий из них практически полностью определяются мезои микроструктурой, изменение которых не описываются указанными теориями. В связи с этим в последние 15–20 лет для решения отмеченных проблем весьма интенсивно развиваются и применяются многоуровневые модели, в которых явным образом описываются физические механизмы неупругого деформирования и их носители, обусловливающие изменения структуры материала на различных структурно-масштабных уровнях. В этом смысле многоуровневые модели можно считать эффективным инструментом для реализации основных положений, подходов и методов физической мезомеханики, разработанной в трудах В.Е. Панина, его учеников и последователей. В предлагаемой статье рассматриваются структура и основные соотношения, используемые гипотезы, классификация, области применения и ограничения многоуровневых моделей, применяемых для описания процессов термомеханической обработки металлов и сплавов. Поскольку значительное число технологических процессов изготовления деталей с высокими рабочими характеристиками осуществляется методами интенсивной пластической деформации, отдельно рассматриваются вопросы учета геометрической нелинейности в соотношениях, входящих в модели. Приведены примеры применения разработанных авторами моделей, в частности, для описания сверхпластического деформирования, рассмотрения процессов рекристаллизации, исследования влияния внешних и внутренних границ кристаллитов на деформирование поликристаллических образцов, анализа сложного нагружения. Обсуждаются вопросы дальнейшего развития многоуровневых моделей, основанного на включении в структуру моделей более глубоких структурно-масштабных уровней.
Matrix Theory of Type IIB Plane Wave from Membranes
Creators: name: Gomis, Jaume
name: Salim, Amir Jafari
name: Passerini, Filippo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We write down a maximally supersymmetric one parameter deformation of the field theory action of Bagger and Lambert. We show that this theory on RxT^2 is invariant under the superalgebra of the maximally supersymmetric Type IIB plane wave. It is argued that this theory holographically describes the Type IIB plane wave in the discrete light-cone quantization (DLCQ).
description: 19 pages, harvmac; typos fixed and references added; one more reference added
The Properties and Evolution of a K-band Selected Sample of Massive Galaxies at z~0.4 - 2 in the Palomar/DEEP2 Survey
Creators: name: Conselice, C. J.
name: Bundy, K.
name: Trujillo, I.
name: Coil, A.
name: Eisenhardt, P.
name: Ellis, R. S.
name: Georgakakis, A.
name: Huang, J.
name: Lotz, J.
name: Nandra, K.
name: Newman, J.
name: Papovich, C.
name: Weiner, B.
name: Willmer, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of a study on the properties and evolution of massive (M_* > 10^11 M_0) galaxies at z~0.4 - 2 utilising Keck spectroscopy, near-Infrared Palomar imaging, and Hubble, Chandra, and Spitzer data covering fields targeted by the DEEP2 galaxy spectroscopic survey. Our sample is K band selected based on wide-area NIR imaging from the Palomar Observatory Wide-Field Infrared Survey, which covers 1.53 deg^2 to K_s,vega~20.5. Our major findings include: (i) statistically the mass and number densities of M_* > 10^11 M_0 galaxies show little evolution between z = 0 - 1, and from z ~ 0 - 2 for M_* > 10^11.5 M_0 galaxies. (ii) Using Hubble ACS imaging, we find that M_* > 10^11 selected galaxies show a nearly constant elliptical fraction of ~70-90% at all redshifts. The remaining objects are peculiars possibly undergoing mergers at z > 0.8, while spirals dominate the remainder at lower redshifts. (iii) We find that only a fraction (~60%) of massive galaxies with M_* > 10^11 M_0 are on the red-sequence at z~1.4, while nearly 100% evolve onto it by z~0.4. (iv) By utilising Spitzer MIPS imaging and [OII] line fluxes we argue that M_* > 10^11.5 galaxies have a steeply declining star formation rate density ~(1+z)^6. By examining the contribution of star formation to the evolution of the mass function, as well as the merger history through the CAS parameters, we determine that M_* >10^11 M_0 galaxies undergo on average 0.9^+0.7_-0.5 major mergers at 0.4 < z < 1.4. (v) A high (5%) fraction of all M_* > 10^11 M_0 galaxies are X-ray emitters. Roughly half of these are morphologically distorted ellipticals or peculiars. We compare our results with the Millennium simulation, finding that the number and mass densities of M_* > 10^11.5 M_0 galaxies are under predicted by a factor of > 100.
description: MNRAS, in press, 28 pages
Carmen Van den Bergh, Sarah Bonciarelli, Anne Reverseau (eds.), Literature as Document: Generic Boundaries in 1930s Western Literature
Creators: name: Marsi, Simone
Publisher: name: Between
Year: 2021

description: Recensione del libro Carmen Van den Bergh, Sarah Bonciarelli, Anne Reverseau (eds.), Literature as Document: Generic Boundaries in 1930s Western Literature
description: Between, Vol 11 No 22 (2021): Enclosed spaces. Prison, asylums, seclusions
Federica G. Pedriali, Cristina Savettieri (eds.), Mobilizing Cultural Identities in the First World War. History, Representations and Memory
Creators: name: Marsi, Simone
Publisher: name: Between
Year: 2021

description: Recensione al volume Federica G. Pedriali, Cristina Savettieri (eds.), Mobilizing Cultural Identities in the First World War. History, Representations and Memory
description: Between, Vol 11 No 22 (2021): Enclosed spaces. Prison, asylums, seclusions
Capillary filling in drop merging: dynamics of the four-phase contact point
Creators: name: Rostami, Peyman
name: Auernhammer, Günter K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The merging of immiscible drops differs significantly from the merging of miscible drops due to the formation of a liquid-liquid interface between drops. The immiscibility requires the formation of a four-phase contact point, where the drops, the gas and the substrate meet. We show that this point has its own unique dynamics, never studied beforehand. For very different scenarios, the propagation distance of this point follows scales with time like t^{0.5}. A model balancing the driving and dissipative forces agrees with our experiments.
Rebecca Suter, Two-world literature. Kazuo Ishiguro's early novels
Creators: name: Barbieri, Francesco Eugenio
Publisher: name: Between
Year: 2021

description: Recensione del volume Two-world literature. Kazuo Ishiguro's early novels di Rebecca Suter.
description: Between, Vol 11 No 22 (2021): Enclosed spaces. Prison, asylums, seclusions
Riccardo Castellana, Finzione e memoria. Pirandello modernista
Creators: name: Cangiano, Mimmo
Publisher: name: Between
Year: 2021

description: Recensione del libro Finzione e memoria. Pirandello modernista di Riccardo Castellana.
description: Between, Vol 11 No 22 (2021): Enclosed spaces. Prison, asylums, seclusions
The SSS phase of RS Ophiuchi observed with Chandra and XMM-Newton I.: Data and preliminary Modeling
Creators: name: Ness, J. -U.
name: Starrfield, S.
name: Beardmore, A. P.
name: Bode, M. F.
name: Drake, J. J.
name: Evans, A.
name: Gehrz, R. D.
name: Goad, M. R.
name: Gonzalez-Riestra, R.
name: Hauschildt, P.
name: Krautter, J.
name: O'Brien, T. J.
name: Osborne, J. P.
name: Page, K. L.
name: Schoenrich, R. A.
name: Woodward, C. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The phase of Super-Soft-Source (SSS) emission of the sixth recorded outburst of the recurrent nova RS Oph was observed twice with Chandra and once with XMM-Newton. The observations were taken on days 39.7, 54.0, and 66.9 after outburst. We confirm a 35-sec period on day 54.0 and found that it originates from the SSS emission and not from the shock. We discus the bound-free absorption by neutral elements in the line of sight, resonance absorption lines plus self-absorbed emission line components, collisionally excited emission lines from the shock, He-like intersystem lines, and spectral changes during an episode of high-amplitude variability. We find a decrease of the oxygen K-shell absorption edge that can be explained by photoionization of oxygen. The absorption component has average velocities of -1286+-267 km/s on day 39.7 and of -771+-65 km/s on day 66.9. The wavelengths of the emission line components are consistent with their rest wavelengths as confirmed by measurements of non-self absorbed He-like intersystem lines. We have evidence that these lines originate from the shock rather than the outer layers of the outflow and may be photoexcited in addition to collisional excitations. We found collisionally excited emission lines that are fading at wavelengths shorter than 15A that originate from the radiatively cooling shock. On day 39.5 we find a systematic blue shift of -526+-114 km/s from these lines. We found anomalous He-like f/i ratios which indicates either high densities or significant UV radiation near the plasma where the emission lines are formed. During the phase of strong variability the spectral hardness light curve overlies the total light curve when shifted by 1000sec. This can be explained by photoionization of neutral oxygen in the line of sight if the densities of order 10^{10}-10^{11} cm^{-3}.
description: 16 pages, 10 figures, 4 tables. Accepted by ApJ; v2: Co-author Woodward added
Neutron--proton spin--spin correlations in the ground states of N=Z nuclei
Creators: name: Van Isacker, P.
name: Macchiavelli, A. O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present expressions for the matrix elements of the spin--spin operator $\vec S_{\rm n}\cdot\vec S_{\rm p}$ in a variety of coupling schemes. These results are then applied to calculate the expectation value $\langle\vec S_{\rm n}\cdot\vec S_{\rm p}\rangle$ in eigenstates of a schematic Hamiltonian describing neutrons and protons interacting in a single-$l$ shell through a Surface Delta Interaction. The model allows us to trace $\langle\vec S_{\rm n}\cdot\vec S_{\rm p}\rangle$ as a function of the competition between the isovector and isoscalar interaction strengths and the spin--orbit splitting of the $j=l\pm \frac{1}{2}$ shells. We find negative $\langle\vec S_{\rm n}\cdot\vec S_{\rm p}\rangle$ values in the ground state of all even--even $N=Z$ nuclei, contrary to what has been observed in hadronic inelastic scattering at medium energies. We discuss the possible origin of this discrepancy and indicate directions for future theoretical and experimental studies related to neutron--proton spin--spin correlations.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures. Accepted for publication in the European Physical Journal A
Влияние неоднородного распределения поверхностной энергии на адгезионные свойства контакта: моделирование и эксперимент
Creators: name: Попов Валентин Леонидович
name: Ляшенко Яков Александрович
Publisher: name: Физическая мезомеханика
Year: 2020
Subjects: адгезия
метод редукции размерности
гистерезис
поверхностная энергия
индентирование
эластомер

description: Проведено моделирование индентирования жесткого индентора с неоднородно распределенной поверхностной энергией в упругое полупространство. Показано, что вид распределения энергии влияет критическим образом на контактные свойства. Путем усреднения большого количества реализаций случайных распределений поверхностной энергии рассчитаны зависимости средних значений упругой силы и радиуса контакта от глубины индентирования. Получены и проанализированы трехмерные плотности вероятностей указанных величин. Проведен реальный эксперимент по индентированию стального индентора с химически неоднородными свойствами поверхности в лист упругой прозрачной резины. В эксперименте исследуется эволюция контактной силы и геометрической формы контакта. Показано, что в фазе индентирования распределение поверхностной энергии практически не оказывает влияния на контактные свойства. В фазе отрыва вид распределения энергии при заданном сценарии нагружения существенно определяет поведение системы. Получено качественное совпадение результатов моделирования и эксперимента.
Decay of a metastable state activated by non-Gaussian noise: A critical review of the generalized Kramers problem
Creators: name: Sukhorukov, Eugene V.
name: Jordan, Andrew N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review the problem of the noise activated escape from a metastable state in the presence of non-Gaussian noise, and present connections between various theoretical approaches. We also respond to criticism of our work by Tomáš Novotný [arXiv:0807.0387] concerning the weak damping limit. The discrepancy between our results is linked to uncontrolled approximations made by Novotný.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure
Напряженное состояние упругих тел в условиях качения с проскальзыванием при наличии промежуточного слоя
Creators: name: Горячева Ирина Георгиевна
name: Мещерякова Альмира Рифовна
Publisher: name: Физическая мезомеханика
Year: 2020
Subjects: качение
верчение
подобласти сцепления и проскальзывания
упругое полупространство
вязкоупругий слой
внутренние напряжения

description: Рассмотрена контактная задача в пространственной постановке о стационарном качении с проскальзыванием упругого тела по упругому полупространству, покрытому тонким вязкоупругим слоем. Относительное проскальзывание имеет три составляющие: продольное, боковое и проскальзывание из-за верчения катящегося тела. Механическое поведение промежуточного вязкоупругого слоя описывается моделью Максвелла. В предположении, что упругие свойства тела качения и полупространства одинаковы, а податливость слоя в нормальном направлении пренебрежимо мала, для расчета нормального напряжения в области контакта используется решение Герца. Для расчета касательных контактных напряжений и анализа расположения подобластей сцепления и проскальзывания в области контакта применяется вариационный метод. Распределения контактных напряжений при разных значениях коэффициента трения скольжения, относительной скорости проскальзывания, угловой скорости верчения сферы и свойств вязкоупругого слоя использованы для анализа распределения внутренних напряжений в упругом полупространстве и определения мест концентрации максимальных касательных напряжений в подповерхностных слоях материала в зависимости от условий взаимодействия и свойств промежуточной среды. Разработанная модель может быть использована для нахождения областей зарождения усталостных трещин во взаимодействующих телах в условиях трения качения.
DEVELOPMENT OF YOUNG GENERATION EDUCATION AS A PEDAGOGICAL PROBLEM.
Creators: name: Mirhamidova, Malika
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Our article highlights the aspects of developing the education of the young generation as a pedagogical problem, and at the same time, it is written step by step that it allows to define professional and creative abilities as follows. In particular, it describes the professional and creative abilities of a student of a higher educational institution and their level of compatibility. The desire to seek an unconventional direction in the chosen field, which allows correct and consistent mastering of theoretical developments and innovative practical solutions, encourages personal qualities and characteristics depending on a certain form of creative activity and the level of its effectiveness . This becomes an integral part of pedagogical activity.
Single-Molecule Device Prototypes for Protein-Based Nanoelectronics: Negative Differential Resistance and Current Rectification in Oligopeptides
Creators: name: Cardamone, David M.
name: Kirczenow, George
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate electrical conduction through individual oligopeptide molecules thiol-bonded between gold nanocontacts using ab initio and semi-empirical techniques. Our theory explains for the first time these molecules' experimentally observed current-voltage characteristics, including both the magnitude and rectification of the current, and uses no adjustable parameters. We identify the mechanism of the observed current rectification, and predict that it will result in negative differential resistance at moderate biases. Our findings open the way to the realization of protein-based nanoelectronic devices.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures, 1 table. v2: new discussion of conductance as a function of molecular stretching, including new Fig. 3; expanded discussion of solution of the electrostatics problem; minor correction to Fig. 4 (was old Fig. 3); and minor clarifications throughout
Statistical analysis plan: Emulation of a Target Trial in an EMPA-REG inspired population using the Danish registries. SGLT2i compared to DPP4i on Cardiovascular outcomes.
Creators: name: Yazdanfard, Puriya Daniel
name: Sørensen, Kathrine Kold
name: The Reddie Consortium
name: Torp-Pedersen, Christian
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: EMPAREG
subject: Analysis plan
subject: Cardiovascular diseases
subject: Diabetes

description: Reddie work package 4 analysis plan for cardiovascular outcomes for SGLT2i compared to DPP4i in patients with type 2 diabetes  in an EMPA-REG inspired population.
Comment on "On Mach's critique of Newton and Copernicus"
Creators: name: Bhadra, A.
name: Das, S. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hartman and Nissim-Sabat have argued that Mach's idea of the relativity of rotational motion suffers from internal inconsistencies and leads to a contradiction that there cannot be a stationary bucket in a rotating universe. They also claimed that non-inertial electromagnetic and stellar aberration observations can distinguish between a rotating and a stationary universe, whereas according to Mach there cannot be any observable way to distinguish these two cases. We contest these objections.
description: Six pages, to appear in AJP
Novel Schemes for Directly Measuring Entanglement of General States
Creators: name: Cai, Jianming
name: Song, Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An intrinsic relation between maximally entangled states and entanglement measures is revealed, which plays a role in establishing connections for different entanglement quantifiers. We exploit the basic idea and propose a framework to construct schemes for directly measuring entanglement of general states. In particular, we demonstrate that rank-1 local factorizable projective measurements, which are achievable with only one copy of entangled state involved at a time in a sequential way, are sufficient to directly determine the concurrence of arbitrary two-qubit entangled state.
Delta baryon photoproduction with twisted photons
Creators: name: Afanasev, Andrei
name: Carlson, Carl E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A future gamma factory at CERN or accelerator-based gamma sources elsewhere can include the possibility of energetic twisted photons, which are photons with a structured wave front that can allow a pre-defined large angular momentum along the beam direction. Twisted photons are potentially a new tool in hadronic physics, and we consider here one possibility, namely the photoproduction of $Δ$(1232) baryons using twisted photons. We show that particular polarization amplitudes isolate the smaller partial wave amplitudes and they are measurable without interference from the terms that are otherwise dominant.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures