cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Role of SKN-1 in mediating CEH-60 transcriptional activity in oxidative stress response in C. elegans
Creators: name: Kwon, Jinny
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: Oxidative stress is a state of imbalance between the activities of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the activities of the antioxidants (AOX) that detoxify the reactive intermediates or repair the resulting damage. Impaired ROS management contributes to aging and disease through oxidative degradation of lipids in cell membranes disrupting the DNA, proteins, and cellular functions. In C. elegans animals undergoing oxidative stress, SKN-1 accumulates in the intestinal nuclei to induce downstream stress response genes to restore the redox balance. CEH-60/PBX is an intestinal transcription factor that opposes this pathway by repressing genes that promote longevity and stress responses. To uncover the activity of CEH-60 in oxidative stress response and the role of SKN-1 in mediating this activity, I measured the survival of ceh-60 mutants as well as animals with both CEH-60 and intestinal SKN-1 knocked out under oxidative stress conditions. I found that ceh-60 mutant animals with intestinal SKN-1 additionally knocked out displayed extended lifespan compared to ceh-60 single mutants, suggesting that loss of ceh-60 may not require SKN-1 to upregulate stress response genes. Thus, in wildtype animals, CEH-60 may have different mechanistic ways to repress stress response and longevity other than via SKN-1. Another possible explanation to my findings is that SKN-1 carries out most of its stress response activity in the non-intestinal tissues.
Nonlinear Functional Modeling Using Neural Networks
Creators: name: Rao, Aniruddha Rajendra
name: Reimherr, Matthew
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: We introduce a new class of nonlinear models for functional data based on neural networks. Deep learning has been very successful in nonlinear modeling, but there has been little work done in the functional data setting. We propose two variations of our framework: a functional neural network with continuous hidden layers, called the Functional Direct Neural Network (FDNN), and a second version that uses basis expansions and continuous hidden layers, called the Functional Basis Neural Network (FBNN). Both are designed explicitly to exploit the structure inherent in functional data. To fit these models we derive a functional gradient based optimization algorithm. The effectiveness of the proposed methods in handling complex functional models is demonstrated by comprehensive simulation studies and real data examples. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.
Additional file 1 of Palliative care needs of Jordanian women’s experience of living with stroke: a descriptive phenomenological study
Creators: name: Alhalabi, Marwa Nayef
name: Khalaf, Inaam Abdulla
name: Zeilani, Ruqayya Sayed
name: Bawadi, Hala Ahmad
name: Musa, Ahmad S.
name: Nashwan, Abdulqadir J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Mental Health

description: Additional file 1. Interview guide.
Li abundances in F stars: planets, rotation and galactic evolution
Creators: name: Mena, E. Delgado
name: de Lis, S. Bertrán
name: Adibekyan, V. Zh.
name: Sousa, S. G.
name: Figueira, P.
name: Mortier, A.
name: Hernández, J. I. González
name: Tsantaki, M.
name: Israelian, G.
name: Santos, N. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We find that hot jupiter host stars within the T$_\mathrm{eff}$ range 5900-6300K show lower Li abundances, by 0.14 dex, than stars without detected planets. This offset has a significance at the level 7$σ$, pointing to a stronger effect of planet formation on Li abundances when the planets are more massive and migrate close to the star. However, we also find that the average v \textit{sin}i of (a fraction of) stars with hot jupiters is higher on average than for single stars in the same T$_\mathrm{eff}$ region, suggesting that rotationally-induced mixing (and not the presence of planets) might be the cause for a greater depletion of Li. We confirm that the mass-metallicity dependence of the Li dip is extended towards [Fe/H] $\sim$ 0.4 dex (beginning at [Fe/H] $\sim$ -0.4 dex for our stars) and that probably reflects the mass-metallicity correlation of stars of the same T$_\mathrm{eff}$ on the Main Sequence. We find that for the youngest stars ($
description: 10 pages, accepted to A&A
Assessing the Reliability of the Retrospective Reproductive Calendar: Evidence from Urban Kenya
Creators: name: Tumlinson, K.
name: Curtis, S.L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2021

description: The reproductive calendar is a data collection tool that collects month-by-month retrospective histories of contraceptive use. This survey instrument is implemented in large-scale demographic surveys, but its reliability is not well-understood. Our analysis helps to address this research gap, using longitudinal panel data with overlapping calendars from urban Kenya. Our findings indicate calendar data collected in 2014 underestimated 2012 reports of current use by 5 percentage points. And while the overall percentage of women reporting at least one episode of contraceptive use was similar across the two calendars (67 percent vs. 70 percent), there was notable disagreement in contraceptive behavior when comparing the histories of individual women; less than 20 percent of women with any contraceptive use reported the exact same pattern of use in both calendars. Low calendar reliability was especially apparent for younger women and those with complicated contraceptive histories. Individual-level discordance resulted in a small difference in 12-month discontinuation rates for the period of calendar overlap; when surveyed in 2014, women reported a 12-month discontinuation rate of 39 percent, compared to a rate of 34 percent reported in 2012. When using retrospective calendar data, attention must be paid to the potential for individual reporting errors.
Dynamical theory of diffraction on moving grating
Creators: name: Bushuev, V. A.
name: Frank, A. I.
name: Kulin, G. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the framework of the approximation of slowly varying amplitudes a multiwave dynamical theory of neutron diffraction on a moving phase grating was developed. The influence of the velocity of the grating, its period and height of the slits on the discrete energy spectrum and intensity of various diffraction orders was analyzed.
Additional file 3 of Genomic evidence indicates small island-resident populations and sex-biased behaviors of Hawaiian reef Manta Rays
Creators: name: Whitney, Jonathan L.
name: Coleman, Richard R.
name: Deakos, Mark H.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology

description: Additional file 3 (1) Step-by-step protocol for library prep benchwork and (2) Detailed steps of SNP filtering workflow
Aryl derivatives of 3H-1,2-benzoxaphosphepine 2-oxides as inhibitors of cancer-related carbonic anhydrase isoforms IX and XII
Creators: name: Balašova, Anastasija
name: Pustenko, Aleksandrs
name: Nocentini, Alessio
name: Vullo, Daniela
name: Supuran, Claudiu T.
name: Žalubovskis, Raivis
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Virology

description: A range of 3H-1,2-benzoxaphosphepine 2-oxide aryl derivatives with various substitution patterns at positions 7, 8, or 9 of the scaffold was synthesised in five steps from the commercially available salicylaldehydes. All of the newly obtained compounds were studied for their inhibition potency against carbonic anhydrase (CA) isoforms I, II, IX, and XII. Delightfully, these compounds showed a striking selectivity for the cancer-associated CA IX and XII over the cytosolic CA I and II, whose inhibition may lead to side-effects. Overall, a structure–activity relationship (SAR) revealed that 7- and 8-substituted aryl derivatives were more effective inhibitors of CA IX and XII than 9-substituted derivatives. In addition, the fluorine-containing analogues emerged as the most potent CA IX/XII inhibitors in this series.
An Integrated Framework for the Analysis of New Technology Selection for an Application to the LNG Industry
Creators: name: Sönmez, Erkut
name: Sunder  Kekre
name: Wolf, Alan
name: Secomandi, Nicola
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 150399 Business and Management not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: A fundamental issue in the management of technology innovation, both in manufacturing and
service industries, is the comparative evaluation of emerging and incumbent technologies. This
evaluation entails the juxtaposition of multiple aspects including process configuration and operational and financial performance. In this paper we present an integrated analytic framework
for technology selection that models the relation between these three critical dimensions. We
apply our framework in the context of the liqueed natural gas industry, in which new o shore
vessel-based regasification technology has recently been developed as an alternative to conventional onshore terminal-based regasification. We analyze the impact of process configuration
and operational and financial performance on technology selection, and identify the conditions
under which a specific regasification technology and its configuration is appropriate for adoption. We also investigate how the insights we derive may depend on how one models stochastic
variability in the relevant processing times.
Monogamy of $α$th Power Entanglement Measurement in Qubit Systems
Creators: name: Luo, Yu
name: Li, Yongming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we study the $α$th power monogamy properties related to the entanglement measure in bipartite states. The monogamy relations related to the $α$th power of negativity and the Convex- Roof Extended Negativity are obtained for N-qubit states. We also give a tighter bound of hierarchical monogamy inequality for the entanglement of formation. We find that the GHZ state and W state can be used to distinguish the $α$th power the concurrence for $0
description: 6 pages, 2 figures
Electronic supplementary material that includes 2 supplementary figures. from Gilsonicaris from the Lower Devonian Hunsrück slate is a eunicid annelid and not the oldest crown anostracan crustacean
Creators: name: Gueriau, P.
name: Parry, L. A.
name: Rabet, N.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Palaeontology (incl. Palynology)
subject: Animal Systematics and Taxonomy
subject: Plant Systematics and Taxonomy

description: The Lower Devonian (Lower Emsian, −400 Myr) roof slates of the Hunsrück in southeastern Germany have delivered a highly diverse and exceptionally preserved marine fauna that provides a unique snapshot into the anatomy and ecology of a wide range of Palaeozoic animals. Several of the described taxa, however, remain enigmatic in their affinity, at least until new pyritized features hidden under the surface of the slate are revealed using X-ray radiography or micro-computed tomography (µCT). Here, we redescribe such an enigmatic fossil, the putative anostracan crustacean Gilsonicaris rhenanus Van Straelen, 1943. Using µCT scanning, we unveil unprecedented details of its anatomy, including a ventral oral opening and four pairs of recalcitrant jaw elements. These jaws are morphologically consistent with the scolecodonts of eunicidan polychaetes, which along with the gross anatomy of the body and head unambiguously identifies G. rhenanus as a polychaete rather than an arthropod. While this discovery firmly discards the Early Devonian record of crown anostracans in the fossil record, it adds a new record of eunicidan soft tissues, which are surprisingly rare considering the abundant microfossil record of scolecodonts.
Approximation Algorithms for Multiple Sequence Alignment under a Fixed Evolutionary Tree
Creators: name: Ramamoorthi Ravi
name: Kececioglu, John D.
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 150399 Business and Management not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: We consider the problem of multiple sequence alignment under a fixed evolutionary tree: given a tree whose leaves are labeled by sequences, find ancestral sequences to label its internal nodes so as to minimize the total length of the tree, where the length of an edge is the edit distance between the sequences labeling its endpoints. We present a new polynomial-time approximation algorithm for this problem, and analyze its performance on regular d-ary trees with d a constant. On such a tree, the algorithm finds a solution within a factor (d + 1)/(d − 1) of the minimum in O(kdT(d, n) + k2dn2) time, where k is the number of leaves in the tree, n is the length of the longest sequence labeling a leaf, and T(d, n) is the time to compute a Steiner point for d sequences of length at most n. (A Steiner point for a set S of sequences is a sequence P that minimizes the sum of the edit distances from P to each sequence in S . The time T(d, n) is O(d2dnd), given O(dsd+1)-time preprocessing for an alphabet of size s.) The approximation algorithm is conceptually simple and easy to implement, and actually applies to any metric space in which a Steiner point for any fixed-sized set can be computed in polynomial time.

We also introduce a new problem, bottleneck tree-alignment, in which the objective is to label the internal nodes of the tree so as to minimize the length of the longest edge. We describe an exponential-time exact algorithm for the case of unit-cost edit operations, and show there is a simple linear-time approximation algorithm for the general case that finds a solution within a factor O(logk) of the minimum.
Flood Extent Mapping During Hurricane Florence With Repeat-Pass L-Band UAVSAR Images
Creators: name: Pavelsky, T.M.
name: Song, C.
name: Chapman, B.
name: Yang, X.
name: Yao, F.
name: Sebastian, A.
name: Frankenberg, E.
name: Wang, C.
name: Frizzelle, B.
name: Zhang, S.
name: Clinton, N.
Publisher: name: John Wiley and Sons Inc
Year: 2022

description: Extreme precipitation events are intensifying due to a warming climate, which, in some cases, is leading to increases in flooding. Detection of flood extent is essential for flood disaster response, management, and prevention. However, it is challenging to delineate inundated areas through most publicly available optical and short-wavelength radar data, as neither can “see” through dense forest canopies. In 2018, Hurricane Florence produced heavy rainfall and subsequent record-setting riverine flooding in North Carolina, USA. NASA/JPL collected daily high-resolution full-polarized L-band Uninhabited Aerial Vehicle Synthetic Aperture Radar (UAVSAR) data between September 18th and 23rd. Here, we use UAVSAR data to construct a flood inundation detection framework through a combination of polarimetric decomposition methods and a Random Forest classifier. Validation of the established models with compiled ground references shows that the incorporation of linear polarizations with polarimetric decomposition and terrain variables significantly enhances the accuracy of inundation classification, and the Kappa statistic increases to 91.4% from 64.3% with linear polarizations alone. We show that floods receded faster near the upper reaches of the Neuse, Cape Fear, and Lumbee Rivers. Meanwhile, along the flat terrain close to the lower reaches of the Cape Fear River, the flood wave traveled downstream during the observation period, resulting in the flood extent expanding 16.1% during the observation period. In addition to revealing flood inundation changes spatially, flood maps such as those produced here have great potential for assessing flood damages, supporting disaster relief, and assisting hydrodynamic modeling to achieve flood-resilience goals.
Additional file 1 of Efficacy of beetroot juice on reducing blood pressure in hypertensive adults with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (BEET-PKD): study protocol for a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial
Creators: name: Sagar, Priyanka S.
name: Munt, Alexandra
name: Saravanabavan, Sayanthooran
name: Vahedi, Farnoosh Asghar
name: Elhindi, James
name: Nguyen, Beatrice
name: Chau, Katrina
name: Harris, David C.
name: Lee, Vincent
name: Sud, Kamal
name: Wong, Nikki
name: Rangan, Gopala K.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Standardised clinic measurement of blood pressure in the BEET-PKD clinical trial. Description: Table describing the standardisation of blood pressure measurement in the BEET-PKD trial.
Reversing the effects of immune cell exhaustion
Creators: name: Kodre, Reva
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: During exposure to infection, CD8 T-cells (naive T-cells) differentiate into effector and memory immune cells, creating a more efficient immune system. With chronic infection, many T-cells begin to enter a state of dysfunction or exhaustion, which often associated with expression of TIM-3 (terminal exhaustion) and PD-1 (initial overall exhaustion). Exhaustion prevents effective control over infections and cancer, posing an issue with current immunotherapies. BRD4 is an epigenetic regulator of the BET family that supports terminal exhaustion of T-cells in a tumor microenvironment. Due to the involvement of BRD4 in controlling CD8 T-cell fate, this experiments strives to explore the treatment of a BET inhibitor JQ1. Using an in vitro exhaustion assay with mice T-cells, the effect of varying JQ1 treatment concentrations were analyzed by screening for TIM-3, PD-1, and CD62L (effector T-cell expression) receptors. The results showed that JQ1 had effects of reversing terminal exhaustion and promoting progenitor type T-cells, which shows promise in improving immunotherapies.
title: Fictions of the postcolonial city: Reading Bombay-Mumbai as the 'Locus Classicus' of modernity in India
Creators: name: Ghose, Ipshita
Publisher: name: University of Kent
Year: 2023

description: Fictions of the Postcolonial City studies representations of the city of Bombay-Mumbai as a locus of modernity in urban novels, written by primarily Indian authors writing in English. This thesis documents the prolific literary output that has emerged from the postcolonial city in the aftermath of the Emergency in India, and focuses specifically on the forceful nature of the urban sphere which offers alternative discourses of modernity to the prevalent nationalist version. The spectral presence of a colonial past which shadows many aspects of the city’s thriving present is both acknowledged and disturbed in the many works of fiction and theoretical perspectives which I examine. The prominence of Bombay-Mumbai as a hub of commerciality, culture and cosmopolitanism, its eclectic and interpolative blend of traditions and modern practices, its infinitely capacious nature which accommodates an ever-increasing influx of migrants, the provincial politics which has tainted the city’s secular repute and fuelled inter-community conflicts, the gendered spaces of the city, and the visual codes which circumscribe the urban sphere, are extensively analyzed in the course of this thesis. I argue that the contemporary city of Bombay-Mumbai has achieved literary prominence in its postcolonial and global stagings of modernity and has superseded both the Indian nation and other major metropolitan centres to form the principal landscape against which this modernity is played out. The writers discussed in this study are Salman Rushdie, Rohinton Mistry, Anita Desai, Vikram Chandra, Suketu Mehta, Leslie Forbes, Shashi Deshpande, and Thrity Umrigar.
Accelerated Research Scholar Summer Environmental Program Presentation
Creators: name: Kelly, Caroline
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: Over the course of this past summer, I had the opportunity to research the status of Bluff Mountain Preserve to gain a better sense of community feedback, from those directly involved with preservation work through The Nature Conservancy and those outside the organization. According to my mentor for the research project, Sydney Bezanson, there appears to be varying levels of distrust with the people of Ashe County, North Carolina, and surrounding communities regarding the Bluff Mountain Preserve and its purpose.

TNC has a lack of qualitative data from this region within this specific sector and was in need of a researcher to fill in the gaps for future project development. Over the course of 180 hours of research, I compiled analysis from respondents to interview on initial opinions on the reserve, changes they would like to have implemented, and suggested next steps for TNC. 

Bluff Mountain is located along the Appalachian Trail above the Great Smoky Mountains, a key North American refuge for flora and fauna with exceptional temperate-zone biodiversity. In comparison to the Great Smoky Mountains, Bluff Mountain lacks a lot of key, integral research and advocacy, in part because the mountain is not part of a National Park. Shortly after TNC’s North Carolina Chapter office opened in 1977, staff began working with the Wyn Edwards and Mac Edwards families of West Jefferson, Bluff’s owners, to explore a way to protect the fragile area (part of the ancient Amphibolite range) for conservation. TNC purchased 701 acres of Bluff from the Edwards family in 1978 (The Nature Conservancy, 2022). 

TNC continues to work to protect this entire natural area, currently managing over 3,800 acres as Bluff Mountain Preserve. The preserve is gated and not open to the public, aside from scheduled guided hikes via online registration. Trespassing has been an issue at this site, which is both a safety issue and threatens the species that seek refuge there. TNC staff who perform maintenance activities are not local. However, longtime volunteers remain in the area.
Quasars with Periodic Variability: Capabilities and Limitations of Bayesian Searches for Supermassive Black Hole Binaries in Time-Domain Surveys
Creators: name: Witt, Caitlin A.
name: Charisi, Maria
name: Taylor, Stephen R.
name: Burke-Spolaor, Sarah
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Supermassive black hole binaries (SMBHBs) are an inevitable consequence of galaxy mergers. At subparsec separations, they are practically impossible to resolve, and the most promising technique is to search for quasars with periodic variability. However, searches for quasar periodicity in time-domain data are challenging due to the stochastic variability of quasars. In this paper, we used Bayesian methods to disentangle periodic SMBHB signals from intrinsic damped random walk (DRW) variability in active galactic nuclei light curves. We simulated a wide variety of realistic DRW and DRW+sine light curves. Their observed properties are modeled after the Catalina Real-time Transient Survey (CRTS) and expected properties of the upcoming Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST) from the Vera C. Rubin Observatory. Through a careful analysis of parameter estimation and Bayesian model selection, we investigated the range of parameter space for which binary systems can be detected. We also examined which DRW signals can mimic periodicity and be falsely classified as binary candidates. We found that periodic signals are more easily detectable if the period is short or the amplitude of the signal is large compared to the contribution of the DRW noise. We saw similar detection rates both in the CRTS and LSST-like simulations, while the false-detection rate depends on the quality of the data and is minimal in LSST. Our idealized simulations provide an excellent way to uncover the intrinsic limitations in quasar periodicity searches and set the stage for future searches for SMBHBs.
description: 18 pages, 9 figures. Accepted by ApJ
Approximation Algorithms for Requirement Cut on Graphs
Creators: name: Viswanath  Nagarajan
name: Ramamoorthi Ravi
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 150399 Business and Management not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: In this paper, we unify several graph partitioning problems including multicut, multiway cut, and k-cut, into a single problem. The input to a requirement cut problem is an undirected edge-weighted graph G=(V,E), and g groups of vertices X1...Xg\⊆ V , each with a requirement ri between 0 and |Xi|. The goal is to find a minimum cost set of edges whose removal separates each group ∣Xi∣ into at least ri  disconnected components.
We give an O(log n log (gR)) approximation algorithm for the requirement cut problem, where n is the total number of vertices, g is the number of groups, and R is the maximum requirement. We also show that the integrality gap of a natural LP relaxation for this problem is bounded by O(log n log (gR)). On trees, we obtain an improved guarantee of O(log (gR)). There is a natural Ω (log g) hardness of approximation for the requirement cut problem.
Additional file 1 of Liver in infections: a single-cell and spatial transcriptomics perspective
Creators: name: Zou, Ju
name: Li, Jie
name: Zhong, Xiao
name: Tang, Daolin
name: Fan, Xuegong
name: Chen, Ruochan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Single cell perspective of liver in HBV infection. A HBV maintenance in hepatocytes. The structure diagram of NTCP is quoted from REF [160]. B An unbiased and comprehensive landscape of the intrahepatic immunological characteristic in HBV-infected patients. C The roles of Kuffer cellsin HBV-infection. D A systematic and distinguishing gene regulatory network of CHB-related PBMCs. E The immune microenvironment of infected liver in FVH. Figure S2. Clinical implication of high throughout single cell technology.
Observability of fidelity decay at the Lyapunov rate in few-qubit quantum simulations
Creators: name: Porter, Max D.
name: Joseph, Ilon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In certain regimes, the fidelity of quantum states will decay at a rate set by the classical Lyapunov exponent. This serves both as one of the most important examples of the quantum-classical correspondence principle and as an accurate test for the presence of chaos. While detecting this phenomenon is one of the first useful calculations that noisy quantum computers without error correction can perform [G. Benenti et al., Phys. Rev. E 65, 066205 (2001)], a thorough study of the quantum sawtooth map reveals that observing the Lyapunov regime is just beyond the reach of present-day devices. We prove that there are three bounds on the ability of any device to observe the Lyapunov regime and give the first quantitatively accurate description of these bounds: (1) the Fermi golden rule decay rate must be larger than the Lyapunov rate, (2) the quantum dynamics must be diffusive rather than localized, and (3) the initial decay rate must be slow enough for Lyapunov decay to be observable. This last bound, which has not been recognized previously, places a limit on the maximum amount of noise that can be tolerated. The theory implies that an absolute minimum of 6 qubits is required. Recent experiments on IBM-Q and IonQ imply that some combination of a noise reduction by up to 100$\times$ per gate and large increases in connectivity and gate parallelization are also necessary. Finally, scaling arguments are given that quantify the ability of future devices to observe the Lyapunov regime based on trade-offs between hardware architecture and performance.
description: 22 pages, 7 figures
A Partial-Sky Gibbs ILC Approach for the Estimation of CMB Posterior over Large Angular Scales of the Sky
Creators: name: Sudevan, Vipin
name: Purkayastha, Ujjal
name: Saha, Rajib
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article we present a formalism to incorporate the partial-sky maps to the Gibbs ILC algorithm to estimate the joint posterior density of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) signal and the theoretical CMB angular power spectrum given the observed CMB maps. In order to generate the partial-sky maps we mask all the observed CMB maps provided by WMAP and Planck satellite mission using a Gaussian smoothed mask formed on the basis of thermal dust emissions in Planck 353 GHz map. The central galactic region from all the input maps is removed after the application of the smoothed mask. While implementing the Gibbs ILC method on the partial-sky maps, we convert the partial-sky cleaned angular power spectrum to the full-sky angular power spectrum using the mode-mode coupling matrix estimated from the smoothed mask. The main products of our analysis are partial-sky cleaned best-fit CMB map and an estimate of the underlying full-sky theoretical CMB angular power spectrum along with their error estimates. We validate the methodology by performing detailed Monte Carlo simulations after using realistic models of foregrounds and detector noise consistent with the WMAP and Planck frequency channels used in our analysis. We can estimate the posterior density and full-sky theoretical CMB angular power spectrum, without any need to explicitly model the foreground components, from partial-sky maps using our method. Another important feature of this method is that the power spectrum results along with the error estimates can be directly used for cosmological parameter estimations.
Weak nonlinearity for strong nonnormality
Creators: name: Ducimetière, Yves-Marie
name: Boujo, Edouard
name: Gallaire, François
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We propose a theoretical approach to derive amplitude equations governing the weakly nonlinear evolution of nonnormal dynamical systems when they experience transient growth or respond to harmonic forcing. This approach reconciles the nonmodal nature of these growth mechanisms and the need for a center manifold to project the leading-order dynamics. Under the hypothesis of strong nonnormality, we take advantage of the fact that small operator perturbations suffice to make the inverse resolvent and the inverse propagator singular, which we encompass in a multiple-scale asymptotic expansion. The methodology is outlined for a generic nonlinear dynamical system, and four application cases highlight common nonnormal mechanisms in hydrodynamics: the streamwise convective nonnormal amplification in the flow past a backward-facing step, and the Orr and lift-up mechanisms in the plane Poiseuille flow.
description: 37 pages, 14 figures
Decoherence effects in quantum nondemolition measurement induced entanglement between Bose-Einstein condensates
Creators: name: Gao, Shuai
name: Ilo-Okeke, Ebubechukwu O.
name: Mao, Yuping
name: Kondappan, Manikandan
name: Aristizabal-Zuluaga, Juan E.
name: Ivannikov, Valentin
name: Byrnes, Tim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the robustness of quantum nondemolition (QND) measurement-induced entanglement between Bose-Einstein Condensates (BECs). We consider an experimental scheme where two BECs are placed in the paths of a Mach-Zehnder interferometer, and a QND interaction creates entanglement between coherent light and the atoms. We analyze the two dominant channels of decoherence, atomic dephasing and photon loss on the entangled states produced by this scheme. We calculate the effect of dephasing on the variance and expectation values of the spin operators, entanglement, and correlation criteria. Our analysis does not use the Holstein-Primakoff approximation and is capable of modeling long light-atom interaction times, producing non-Gaussian states beyond the two-mode squeezed states. In the presence of dephasing, the entangled states are robust in the macroscopic limit as long as the dimensionless interaction time is less than $ 1/\sqrt{N}$, where $ N $ is the number of atoms in the BEC. For photon loss, the entangled states generated by long interaction times show remarkable robustness that makes the scheme promising for various quantum information applications.
SURF 2022 Slides - Zoe Hatsios
Creators: name: Hatsios, Zoe
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: SURF 2022 Slide Deck for project titled: "The Viability of a Fully-Renewable Energy Transition: a Quantitative International Relations Perspective" by Zoe Hatsios
The Effect of PFAS on Breast Cancer Cell Invasiveness
Creators: name: Miranda Buzetta, Abel Andre
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) is a known persistent organic pollutant and carcinogen. The stability of carbon-fluorine bonds lend to its application as a robust coating in various consumer goods and military-grade firefighting foam. This same quality allows for significant buildup in exposed soil and groundwater, leading to bioaccumulation in the bodies of living organisms. In the U.S., detectable levels of PFOA are ubiquitously present in population blood serum samples. Epidemiological studies have linked PFAS toxicity to tumorigenesis involved in liver cancer, pancreatic cancer, testicular cancer and breast cancer. The purpose of the present study is to analyze how short-term exposure to different concentrations of PFOA interact with ERɑ-positive and triple-negative breast cancer cell lines. Specifically, the study focused on the effects in epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), which cancer cells undergo during the first stage of metastasis.
Precision nucleon-nucleon potential at fifth order in the chiral expansion
Creators: name: Epelbaum, E.
name: Krebs, H.
name: Meißner, U. -G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a nucleon-nucleon potential at fifth order in chiral effective field theory. We find a substantial improvement in the description of nucleon-nucleon phase shifts as compared to the fourth-order results of Ref. [E. Epelbaum, H. Krebs, U.-G. Meißner, arXiv:1412.0142 [nucl-th]]. This provides clear evidence of the corresponding two-pion exchange contributions with all low-energy constants being determined from pion-nucleon scattering. The fifth-order corrections to nucleon-nucleon observables appear to be of a natural size which confirms the good convergence of the chiral expansion for nuclear forces. Furthermore, the obtained results provide strong support for the novel way of quantifying the theoretical uncertainty due to the truncation of the chiral expansion proposed in Ref. [E. Epelbaum, H. Krebs, U.-G. Meißner, arXiv:1412.0142 [nucl-th]]. Our work opens up new perspectives for precision ab initio calculations in few- and many-nucleon systems and is especially relevant for ongoing efforts towards a quantitative understanding the structure of the three-nucleon force in the framework of chiral effective field theory.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, 3 tables
The Transcriptional Regulator LIN-61 Coordinates Growth and Lipid Homeostasis by Suppressing MAPK Signaling in C. elegans
Creators: name: Torzone, Sarah
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: Cellular metabolism encompasses the totality of biochemical processes in the cell that governs energy homeostasis. These pathways are highly regulated and coordinate metabolic decisions to promote growth in response to changing environmental conditions. The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways direct cellular growth through a series of phosphorylation events, yet how it impacts metabolism is poorly understood. We previously identified two MAP kinases to be essential regulators of growth and lipid homeostasis; however, how these proteins coordinate growth and lipid homeostasis remains unknown. We hypothesize that the transcriptional regulator LIN-61, which we identified in a genetic screen, opposes MAPK signaling. The aims of this study are to elucidate the mechanisms by which LIN- 61 influences cellular metabolism:
1. Determine if the DNA-binding activity of LIN-61 is required to oppose MAPK signaling.
2. Identify the tissue in which LIN-61 functions.
3. Identify additional cofactors that function with LIN-61 to regulate growth and
metabolism.
Argentina and the IMF
Creators: name: Meltzer, Allan
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 150399 Business and Management not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Argentina is now suffering from a deep and prolonged social and economic crisis.  Its roots are political as well as economic.  The political system seems unable to develop a coherent, consistent plan to solve or improve either Argentina's current position or its longer-term structural problems.
	The need for a plan or program to restore growth in output and employment without renewing inflation cannot have escaped the leadership.  They have received this message from President Bush, Secretary O'Neill, the IMF and others, including me.  Without a plan that begins to resolve the current liquidity, financial, economic and human problems, there cannot be a resolution of the crisis.  Additional financial assistance from the international financial institutions, led by the IMF, cannot solve Argentina's problems unless Argentina adopts a coherent, consistent plan.
Non-linear Functional Modeling using Neural Networks
Creators: name: Rao, Aniruddha Rajendra
name: Reimherr, Matthew
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We introduce a new class of non-linear models for functional data based on neural networks. Deep learning has been very successful in non-linear modeling, but there has been little work done in the functional data setting. We propose two variations of our framework: a functional neural network with continuous hidden layers, called the Functional Direct Neural Network (FDNN), and a second version that utilizes basis expansions and continuous hidden layers, called the Functional Basis Neural Network (FBNN). Both are designed explicitly to exploit the structure inherent in functional data. To fit these models we derive a functional gradient based optimization algorithm. The effectiveness of the proposed methods in handling complex functional models is demonstrated by comprehensive simulation studies and real data examples.
title: Τεχνικές παρεμπόδισης (JAMMING) σημάτων παγκόσμιου συστήματος εντοπισμού εντοπισμού (GPS) – δυνατότητες και αντίμετρα
title: Invasion techniques (JAMMING) of signals global positioning system (GPS) – opportunities and countermeasures
Creators: name: Κουτουνιδης Ιωαννης
Publisher: name: Technical University of Crete
Year: 2020

description: Η παρούσα διπλωματική εργασία, αναπτύσσει τις σύγχρονες δυνατότητες παρεμβολής (τύποι και τρόποι – μέσα που χρησιμοποιούνται), στα Παγκόσμια συστήματα προσδιορισμού θέσης (GPS) στον ευρύτερο τομέα, όπου αποτελούν πλέον ένα κεφάλαιο θεμελιώδους σημασίας λόγω της ευρείας χρήσης τους. Τα υπόψη χρησιμοποιούνται, εκτός από τον προσδιορισμό κατεύθυνσης –διαδρομής, επίσης και στον ιδιαίτερο τομέα των Μη Επανδρωμένων Αεροσκαφών (ΜΕΑ ή Unmanned Aerial Vehicle – UAV ή Drone).
Στο κύριο μέρος της, η εργασία εστιάζεται στα παραπάνω συστήματα και τους τρόπους δυνατής αντιμετώπισης της παρεμβολής σε αυτά, καθώς τα ΜΕΑ παρουσιάζουν την μεγαλύτερη ανάπτυξη στην εποχή μας, όπως και η αντίστοιχη εξέλιξη σε προστασία για εφαρμογή της λειτουργίας τους.
Έπειτα επικεντρώνεται στην χρήση αυτών στον στρατιωτικό τομέα των Ενόπλων Δυνάμεων,  όπου παρουσιάζονται χαρακτηριστικά και τρόποι αντιμετώπισης της παρεμβολής στις αρχιτεκτονικές επικοινωνίας (με χρήση διάφορων αλγόριθμων), και ιδιαίτερα σε ανάπτυξη πολλών ΜΕΑ μαζί, όπου κυρίως απαιτείται δικτύωση για μεταφορά και ανταλλαγή δεδομένων (Flying Ad-hoc Network – FANET).
Στο τέλος της εργασίας, γίνεται αναφορά για την χρήση έμβιων εντόμων, με την υποστήριξη της βιολογίας για τον χειρισμό και της νανοτεχνολογίας για τα μικρο-επεξεργαστικά εξαρτήματα, και λειτουργία τους ως υποκατάστατα των ΜΕΑ, κυρίως για αποστολές έρευνας και διάσωσης ή και κατασκοπείας. Πιο συγκεκριμένα, επιχειρείται να παρουσιαστεί η πρωτοποριακή μέθοδος χρήσης ως ΜΕΑ, με επίκεντρο την «λιβελούλα», το γνωστό «ελικοπτεράκι» (dragonfly), σε ένα πρόγραμμα που επιμελείται κυρίως η Υπηρεσία Προηγμένων Ερευνών και Ανάπτυξης της Αμερικής (Defense Advanced Research Project Agency – DARPA) στο πρόγραμμά της, το «DragonflEye». □
Λέξεις Κλειδιά: Παρεμβολέας, Ad-hoc δίκτυα, FANET, Έμβια όντα, DARPA, λιβελούλα, Νανοτεχνολογία, DragonflEye πρόγραμμα
Thick brane models in generalized theories of gravity
Creators: name: Bazeia, D.
name: Lobao, A. S.
name: Menezes, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This work deals with thick braneworld models, in an environment where the Ricci scalar is changed to accommodate the addition of two extra terms, one depending on the Ricci scalar itself, and the other, which takes into account the trace of the energy-momentum tensor of the scalar field that sources the braneworld scenario. We suppose that the scalar field engenders standard kinematics, and we show explicitly that the gravity sector of this new braneworld scenario is linearly stable. We illustrate the general results investigating two distinct models, focusing on how the brane profile is changed in the modified theories.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures. To appear in PLB
Additional file 2 of Efficacy of beetroot juice on reducing blood pressure in hypertensive adults with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (BEET-PKD): study protocol for a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial
Creators: name: Sagar, Priyanka S.
name: Munt, Alexandra
name: Saravanabavan, Sayanthooran
name: Vahedi, Farnoosh Asghar
name: Elhindi, James
name: Nguyen, Beatrice
name: Chau, Katrina
name: Harris, David C.
name: Lee, Vincent
name: Sud, Kamal
name: Wong, Nikki
name: Rangan, Gopala K.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2. SPIRIT checklist. Description: Checklist for key study protocol elements in this manuscript
Asset Pricing with Idiosyncratic Risk and Overlapping Generations
Creators: name: Storesletten, Kjetil
name: Telmer, Chris I
name: Yaron, Amir
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 150399 Business and Management not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: What is the effect of non-tradeable idiosyncratic risk on asset-market risk premiums?
Constantinides and Duffie (1996) and Mankiw (1986) have shown that risk
premiums will increase if the idiosyncratic shocks become more volatile during
economic contractions. We add two important ingredients to this relationship:
(i) the life cycle, and (ii) capital accumulation. We show that in a realistically calibrated
life-cycle economy with production these ingredients mitigate the ability
of idiosyncratic risk to account for the observed Sharpe ratio on U.S. equity.
While the Constantinides-Duffie model can account for the U.S. value of 41%
with a risk-aversion coefficient of 8, our model generates a Sharpe ratio of 33%,
which is roughly half-way to the complete-markets value of 25%. Almost all of
this reduction is due to capital accumulation. Life-cycle effects are important
in our model — we demonstrate that idiosyncratic risk matters for asset pricing
because it inhibits the intergenerational sharing of aggregate risk — but their
net effect on the Sharpe ratio is small.
Additional file 1 of The evolution of Big Data in neuroscience and neurology
Creators: name: Dipietro, Laura
name: Gonzalez-Mego, Paola
name: Ramos-Estebanez, Ciro
name: Zukowski, Lauren Hana
name: Mikkilineni, Rahul
name: Rushmore, Richard Jarrett
name: Wagner, Timothy
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Sample of national projects that spurred on the big data revolution. Table S2. Sample of neurology and neuroscience databases. Table S3. Sample of connectome studies and evolving big data use. Table S4. Sample of PD "Big Data" studies. Table S5. Sample of SUD and OUD "Big Data" studies. Table S6. Sample of pain "Big Data" studies.