cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Bose-Einstein Condensation on Curved Manifolds
Creators: name: Móller, Natália S.
name: Santos, F. Ednilson A. dos
name: Bagnato, Vanderlei S.
name: Pelster, Axel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Here we describe a weakly interacting Bose gas on a curved manifold, which is embedded in the three-dimensional Euclidean space.~To this end we start by considering a harmonic trap in the normal direction of the manifold, which confines the three-dimensional Bose gas in the vicinity of its surface.~Following the notion of dimensional reduction as outlined in [L.~Salasnich et al., Phys.~Rev.~A {\bf 65}, 043614 (2002)], we assume a large enough trap frequency so that the normal degree of freedom of the condensate wave function can be approximately integrated out. In this way we obtain an effective condensate wave function on the quasi-two-dimensional surface of the curved manifold, where the thickness of the cloud is determined self-consistently. For the particular case when the manifold is a sphere, our equilibrium results show how the chemical potential and the thickness of the cloud increase with the interaction strength.~Furthermore, we determine within a linear stability analysis the low-lying collective excitations together with their eigenfrequencies, which turn out to reveal an instability for attractive interactions.
description: 33 pages, 6 figures
Fractional quantum Hall states with variational Projected Entangled-Pair States: a study of the bosonic Harper-Hofstadter model
Creators: name: Weerda, Erik Lennart
name: Rizzi, Matteo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An important class of model Hamiltonians for investigation of topological phases of matter consists of mobile, interacting particles on a lattice subject to a semi-classical gauge field, as exemplified by the bosonic Harper-Hofstadter model. A unique method for investigations of two-dimensional quantum systems are the infinite projected-entangled pair states (iPEPS), as they avoid spurious finite size effects that can alter the phase structure. However, due to no-go theorems in related cases this was often conjectured to be impossible in the past. In this letter, we show that upon variational optimization the infinite projected-entangled pair states can be used to this end, by identifying fractional Hall states in the bosonic Harper-Hofstadter model. The obtained states are characterized by showing exponential decay of bulk correlations, as dictated by a bulk gap, as well as chiral edge modes via the entanglement spectrum.
A Direct- Conversion Digital Beamforming Array Receiver with 800 MHz Channel Bandwidth at 28 GHz using Xilinx RF SoC
Creators: name: Pulipati, Sravan
name: Ariyarathna, Viduneth
name: De Silva, Udara
name: Akram, Najath
name: Alwan, Elias
name: Madanayake, Arjuna
name: Mandal, Soumyajit
name: Rappaport, Theodore S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This paper discusses early results associated with a fully-digital direct-conversion array receiver at 28~GHz. The proposed receiver makes use of commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) electronics, including the receiver chain. The design consists of a custom 28~GHz patch antenna sub-array providing gain in the elevation plane, with azimuthal plane beamforming provided by real-time digital signal processing (DSP) algorithms running on a Xilinx Radio Frequency System on Chip (RF SoC). The proposed array receiver employs element-wise fully-digital array processing that supports ADC sample rates up to 2~GS/second and up to 1~GHz of operating bandwidth per antenna. The RF mixed-signal data conversion circuits and DSP algorithms operate on a single-chip RF SoC solution installed on the Xilinx ZCU1275 prototyping platform.
description: 5 pages
MOESM1 of Patient-reported outcome measures in the interaction between patient and clinician – a multi-perspective qualitative study
Creators: name: Mejdahl, Caroline
name: Schougaard, Liv
name: Hjollund, Niels
name: Riiskjær, Erik
name: Lomborg, Kirsten
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. The AmbuFlex/epilepsy questionnaire.
Condenser capacities and capacitary potentials for unbounded sets, and global $p$-harmonic Green functions on metric spaces
Creators: name: Björn, Anders
name: Björn, Jana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary: 31C45, Secondary: 30L99, 31C12, 31C15, 31E05, 35J08, 35J92, 46E36, 49Q20

description: We study the condenser capacity $\mathrm{cap}_p(E,Ω)$ on \emph{unbounded} open sets $Ω$ in a proper connected metric space $X$ equipped with a locally doubling measure supporting a local $p$-Poincaré inequality, where $10$. As an application, we deduce new results for Perron solutions and boundary regularity for the Dirichlet boundary value problem for $p$-harmonic functions in unbounded open sets.
Tropical limit of matrix solitons and entwining Yang-Baxter maps
Creators: name: Dimakis, Aristophanes
name: Müller-Hoissen, Folkert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 35C08, 37K40, 16T25

description: We consider a matrix refactorization problem, i.e., a "Lax representation", for the Yang-Baxter map that originated as the map of polarizations from the "pure" 2-soliton solution of a matrix KP equation. Using the Lax matrix and its inverse, a related refactorization problem determines another map, which is not a solution of the Yang-Baxter equation, but satisfies a mixed version of the Yang-Baxter equation together with the Yang-Baxter map. Such maps have been called "entwining Yang-Baxter maps" in recent work. In fact, the map of polarizations obtained from a pure 2-soliton solution of a matrix KP equation, and already for the matrix KdV reduction, is NOT in general a Yang-Baxter map, but it is described by one of the two maps or their inverses. We clarify why the weaker version of the Yang-Baxter equation holds, by exploring the pure 3-soliton solution in the "tropical limit", where the 3-soliton interaction decomposes into 2-soliton interactions. Here this is elaborated for pure soliton solutions, generated via a binary Darboux transformation, of matrix generalizations of the two-dimensional Toda lattice equation, where we meet the same entwining Yang-Baxter maps as in the KP case, indicating a kind of universality.
description: 30 pages, 10 figures, second version: two more references, corrections of typos in Appendix B, Remark B.3 added, third version: minor amendments. To appear in Letters in Mathematical Physics
Grand Unified Inflation Confronts WMAP
Creators: name: Kyae, Bumseok
name: Shafi, Qaisar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a class of realistic four and five dimensional supersymmetric grand unified models, the scalar spectral index is found to be $n_s=0.98 (\pm 0.01)$, in excellent agreement with the values determined by several previous experiments and most recently by the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP). The models predict $dn_s/d{\rm ln}k\sim 10^{-3}$ and a negligible tensor-to-scalar ratio $r\sim 10^{-8}$. A new five dimensional supersymmetric SO(10) model along these is presented in which inflation is associated with the breaking of SO(10) to SU(5) at scale $M$, with $δT/T\propto (M/M_{\rm Planck})^2$, so that $M\simeq 10^{16}$ GeV. The inflaton decay leads to the observed baryon asymmetry via leptogenesis. We also discuss how the monopole problem is solved without the use of non-renormalizable terms.
description: A new resolution of the monopole problem proposed. 1+9 pages
An experiment on an automated literature survey of data-driven speech enhancement methods
Creators: name: Santos, Arthur dos
name: Pereira, Jayr
name: Nogueira, Rodrigo
name: Masiero, Bruno
name: Sander-Tavallaey, Shiva
name: Zea, Elias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: The increasing number of scientific publications in acoustics, in general, presents difficulties in conducting traditional literature surveys. This work explores the use of a generative pre-trained transformer (GPT) model to automate a literature survey of 116 articles on data-driven speech enhancement methods. The main objective is to evaluate the capabilities and limitations of the model in providing accurate responses to specific queries about the papers selected from a reference human-based survey. While we see great potential to automate literature surveys in acoustics, improvements are needed to address technical questions more clearly and accurately.
title: Sottotraccia. Note per una genealogia degli studi urbani critici
Creators: name: Pizzo, Barbara
name: Pozzi, Giacomo
name: Scandurra, Giuseppe
Publisher: name: Tracce Urbane. Rivista Italiana Transdisciplinare di Studi Urbani
Year: 2020
Subjects: città; studi urbani; genealogia

description: Che cos’è una città? [Apertura al numero]
description: Tracce Urbane. Rivista Italiana Transdisciplinare di Studi Urbani, N. 7 (2020): Per una genealogia degli studi urbani critici/ Towards a genealogy of critical urban studies
MOESM1 of The impact of Centre’s heart transplant status and volume on in-hospital outcomes following extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for refractory post-cardiotomy cardiogenic shock: a meta-analysis
Creators: name: Kowalewski, Mariusz
name: Raffa, Giuseppe
name: Zieliński, Kamil
name: Musab Alanazi
name: Gilbers, Martijn
name: Heuts, Sam
name: Natour, Ehsan
name: Bidar, Elham
name: Schreurs, Rick
name: Delnoij, Thijs
name: Driessen, Rob
name: Jan-Willem Sels
name: Poll, Marcel
name: Roekaerts, Paul
name: Meani, Paolo
name: Maessen, Jos
name: Suwalski, Piotr
name: Lorusso, Roberto
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Meta-analysis to Assess the Impact of Centre’s Heart Transplant Status and Volume on in-hospital Outcomes Following Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation for Refractory Post-cardiotomy Cardiogenic Shock.
Oxidizing SuperYang-Mills from (N=4,d=4) to (N=1,d=10)
Creators: name: Ananth, Sudarshan
name: Brink, Lars
name: Ramond, Pierre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce superspace generalizations of the transverse derivatives to rewrite the four-dimensional N=4 Yang-Mills theory into the fully ten-dimensional N=1 Yang-Mills in light-cone form. The explicit SuperPoincare algebra is constructed and invariance of the ten-dimensional action is proved.
description: 15 pages
CDSD: Chinese Dysarthria Speech Database
Creators: name: Wang, Yan
name: Sun, Mengyi
name: Kang, Xinchen
name: Li, Jingting
name: Guo, Pengfei
name: Gao, Ming
name: Wang, Su-Jing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Dysarthric speech poses significant challenges for individuals with dysarthria, impacting their ability to communicate socially. Despite the widespread use of Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR), accurately recognizing dysarthric speech remains a formidable task, largely due to the limited availability of dysarthric speech data. To address this gap, we developed the Chinese Dysarthria Speech Database (CDSD), the most extensive collection of Chinese dysarthria data to date, featuring 133 hours of recordings from 44 speakers. Our benchmarks reveal a best Character Error Rate (CER) of 16.4\%. Compared to the CER of 20.45\% from our additional human experiments, Dysarthric Speech Recognition (DSR) demonstrates its potential in significant improvement of communication for individuals with dysarthria. The CDSD database will be made publicly available at http://melab.psych.ac.cn/CDSD.html.
description: Accepted at INTERSPEECH 2024 Yan Wang and Mengyi Sun contributed equally to this research
title: The hidden history that winds through every city Critical Urban Studies, Social Movements, and Radical Transformation
Creators: name: Pozzi, Giacomo
name: Madden, David
Publisher: name: Tracce Urbane. Rivista Italiana Transdisciplinare di Studi Urbani
Year: 2020
Subjects: Urbanistica; Movimenti Sociali; trasformazioni

description: Aim of this special issue of Tracce Urbane is to stimulate an exploration of the historical, political, social, and intellectual reasons that brought to a peculiar and, in a way, ambiguous field of knowledge: that of critical urban studies. David Madden, Professor in Sociology at the London School of Economics and Political Science, Co-Director of the Cities Programme, and co-author, with Peter Marcuse, of In Defense of Housing: The politics of crisis (Verso, 2016), whose Italian edition is forthcoming (by Barbara Pizzo for Edit Press), has been invited to discuss the complex social arena in which critical urban studies stands, reflects, and acts. In the conversation that follows, Madden explores some fundamental topics related to the production of this specific academic knowledge, such as the ‘canonlessness’ that characterizes urban studies, the emphasis on intervention and radical transformation that inhabits critical urban studies, the utopian dimension of this tradition of study, the heterogenous genealogies that should be considered when approaching this discipline, the necessity of listening and considering the social sources of critique that rise in every neighbourhood or city around the globe, the future of critical urban studies and its relation with urban struggle, the way in which social movements contribute to its development, the role of academics in promoting social changes, his personal commitment in defense of housing as a space for inhabitants. In his words we can find a first answer to Saskia Sassen’s argument that «spaces of the expelled cry out for conceptual recognition» (Sassen, 2014: p. 222). According to Madden, this recognition cannot be only conceptual. It must be grounded, it must be critical, it must be radical.
description: Tracce Urbane. Rivista Italiana Transdisciplinare di Studi Urbani, N. 7 (2020): Per una genealogia degli studi urbani critici/ Towards a genealogy of critical urban studies
The Performance of the KIBB-g1 Tabletop Kibble Balance at NIST
Creators: name: Chao, Leon
name: Seifert, Frank
name: Haddad, Darine
name: Pratt, Jon
name: Newell, David
name: Schlamminger, Stephan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A tabletop-sized Kibble balance (KIBB-g1) designed to directly realize mass at the gram-level range with uncertainties on the order of parts in 10$^6$ has been developed at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). The masses of a nominally 5\,g and 1\,g weight were determined with 1-$σ$ standard uncertainties of 9.0\,$\upmu$g and 6.7\,$\upmu$g, respectively. The corresponding relative uncertainties are $1.8\times 10^{-6}$ and $6.3\times 10^{-6}$. The construction of the instrument, capabilities, and full uncertainty budgets are presented in this manuscript.
description: 10 pages 12 figures; submitted to metrologia
Clustered States as a New Paradigm of Condensed Matter Physics
Creators: name: Alvarez, G.
name: Dagotto, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We argue that several materials of much current interest in condensed matter physics share common phenomenological aspects that only very recent investigations are unveiling. The list includes colossal magnetoresistance manganites, high temperature superconducting cuprates, diluted magnetic semiconductors, and others. The common aspect is the relevance of intrinsic inhomogeneities in the form of "clustered states", as explained in the text.
description: elsart3, 6 pages, 5 figures. Invited paper for the Conference Proceedings of the International Conference on Magnetism, Rome, July 2003
Grid Jigsaw Representation with CLIP: A New Perspective on Image Clustering
Creators: name: Song, Zijie
name: Hu, Zhenzhen
name: Hong, Richang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Unsupervised representation learning for image clustering is essential in computer vision. Although the advancement of visual models has improved image clustering with efficient visual representations, challenges still remain. Firstly, existing features often lack the ability to represent the internal structure of images, hindering the accurate clustering of visually similar images. Secondly, finer-grained semantic labels are often missing, limiting the ability to capture nuanced differences and similarities between images. In this paper, we propose a new perspective on image clustering, the pretrain-based Grid Jigsaw Representation (pGJR). Inspired by human jigsaw puzzle processing, we modify the traditional jigsaw learning to gain a more sequential and incremental understanding of image structure. We also leverage the pretrained CLIP to extract the prior features which can benefit from the enhanced cross-modal representation for richer and more nuanced semantic information and label level differentiation. Our experiments demonstrate that using the pretrained model as a feature extractor can accelerate the convergence of clustering. We append the GJR module to pGJR and observe significant improvements on common-use benchmark datasets. The experimental results highlight the effectiveness of our approach in the clustering task, as evidenced by improvements in the ACC, NMI, and ARI metrics, as well as the super-fast convergence speed.
Multiparticle correlations from momentum conservation
Creators: name: Borghini, Nicolas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using a generating-function formalism, we compute the contribution of momentum conservation to multiparticle correlations between the emitted particles in high-energy collisions. In particular, we derive a compact expression of the genuine M-particle correlation, for arbitrary M.
description: 5 pages, RevTeX. v2: typos corrected, to match journal version
Comparing Theory and Simulation for Thermo-osmosis
Creators: name: Proesmans, Karel
name: Frenkel, Daan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a numerical study of thermo-osmotic slip, i.e. the particle flux induced by a thermal gradient along a solid-fluid interface. To facilitate comparison with theory, we consider a model of an ideal but viscous gas. We compare three numerical routes to obtain the slip coefficient: 1. by using the Onsager reciprocity relations 2. by using the appropriate Green-Kubo relation 3. via the excess enthalpy. The numerical results are found to be mutually consistent, and to agree with the theoretical prediction based on the assumption that hydrodynamics and thermodynamics are locally valid.
title: Studi urbani e territori del politico
Creators: name: Valentinelli, Alessandra
name: Colucci, Michele
Publisher: name: Tracce Urbane. Rivista Italiana Transdisciplinare di Studi Urbani
Year: 2020
Subjects: studi urbani; genealogia;

description: Nel lavorare a questo numero di Tracce Urbane, ci siamo interrogati su quali fossero gli aspetti caratterizzanti degli studi urbani critici rispetto ad altri approcci disciplinari. Una delle caratteristiche principali, che ci è parsa interessante per le implicazioni teoriche e operative, è che in questo campo convergono e si confrontano meglio approcci solitamente considerati lontani: quello analitico (della geografia, della storia, della sociologia, dell’antropologia…), e quello normativo (dell’urbanistica, dell’economia politica, della scienza dell’amministrazione…). La distanza si riduce nell’intenzione condivisa di 'intervenire' nella realtà. Il terreno condiviso è anche e forse soprattutto un terreno politico.
description: Tracce Urbane. Rivista Italiana Transdisciplinare di Studi Urbani, N. 7 (2020): Per una genealogia degli studi urbani critici/ Towards a genealogy of critical urban studies
Unfamiliar trajectories for a relativistic particle in a Kepler or Coulomb potential
Creators: name: Boyer, Timothy H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Relativistic particles in the Kepler and Coulomb potentials may have trajectories that are qualitatively different from the trajectories found in nonrelativistic mechanics. Spiral scattering trajectories were pointed out by C. G. Darwin in 1913 in connection with the relativistic Rutherford scattering of classical charged particles. Relativistic trajectories are of current interest in connection with Cole and Zou's computer simulation of the hydrogen ground state in classical physics.
description: 14 pages, 5 figures
An effective description of the impact of inhomogeneities on the movement of the kink front in 2+1 dimensions
Creators: name: Gatlik, Jacek
name: Dobrowolski, Tomasz
name: Kevrekidis, Panayotis G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the present work we explore the interaction of a one-dimensional kink-like front of the sine-Gordon equation moving in 2-dimensional spatial domains. We develop an effective equation describing the kink motion, characterizing its center position dynamics as a function of the transverse variable. The relevant description is valid both in the Hamiltonian realm and in the non-conservative one bearing gain and loss. We subsequently examine a variety of different scenarios, without and with a spatially-dependent heterogeneity. The latter is considered both to be one-dimensional ($y$-independent) and genuinely two-dimensional. The spectral features and the dynamical interaction of the kink with the heterogeneity are considered and comparison with the effective quasi-one-dimensional description (characterizing the kink center as a function of the transverse variable) is also provided. Generally, good agreement is found between the analytical predictions and the computational findings in the different cases considered.
description: 26 pages, 21 figures
The Central Engines of Radio-Loud Quasars
Creators: name: Wang, Jian-Min
name: Ho, Luis C.
name: Staubert, Ruediger
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have assembled a sample of 37 RLQs that have been imaged with the HST in order to investigate their black hole masses, accretion rates, and the structure of their accretion disks. The black hole masses were estimated from the luminosities of the host galaxies, and the accretion powers were extrapolated from the emission-line luminosities. The majority of the quasars have masses in the range $M_{\rm BH} \approx 10^8-10^9$ solar mass. Their accretion rates, $\dot M \approx 0.01-1$ times the Eddington rate, suggest that most of the objects possess standard optically thick, geometrically thin accretion disks, in some cases perhaps accompanied by an optically thin advection-dominated component. The coexistence of strong radio emission and a standard disk conflicts with recent models for jet formation. We discuss modifications of the standard model that can resolve this discrepancy. We find there is a strong correlation between the accretion rate and the extended radio luminosity. This lends support to the idea that the extended radio emission is somehow linked to the accretion disk. Lastly, we combine the present sample of radio-loud quasars with the sample of BL Lac objects to reevaluate the unification picture for radio-loud AGNs. Consistent with current ideas for the unification of radio-loud sources, we find that flat-spectrum radio quasars and FR II radio galaxies indeed seem to belong to the same population, as do BL Lacs and FR I radio galaxies on the opposite end of the luminosity spectrum. However, some members of the low frequency-peaked BL Lac objects may be more closely associated with FR II rather than FR I radio galaxies. We describe how the various subclasses of radio-loud sources can be viewed as a continuous sequence of varying accretion rate.
description: 12 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
Additional file 1 of Spontaneous embryo resorption in the mouse is triggered by embryonic apoptosis followed by rapid removal via maternal sterile purulent inflammation
Creators: name: Drews, Barbara
name: Landaverde, Luis
name: KÃ¼hl, Anja
name: Drews, Ulrich
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology

description: Additional file 1. Detailed observations.
Melting of Polydisperse Hard Disks
Creators: name: Pronk, Sander
name: Frenkel, Daan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The melting of a polydisperse hard disk system is investigated by Monte Carlo simulations in the semigrand canonical ensemble. This is done in the context of possible continuous melting by a dislocation unbinding mechanism, as an extension of the 2D hard disk melting problem. We find that while there is pronounced fractionation in polydispersity, the apparent density-polydispersity gap does not increase in width, contrary to 3D polydisperse hard spheres. The point where the Young's modulus is low enough for the dislocation unbinding to occur moves with the apparent melting point, but stays within the density gap, just like for the monodisperse hard disk system. Additionally, we find that throughout the accessible polydispersity range, the bound dislocation-pair concentration is high enough to affect the dislocation unbinding melting as predicted by Kosterlitz, Thouless, Halperin, Nelson and Young.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures
Technology Brief: The Law and Policy Implications of 3D Printing
Creators: name: Jennifer Dodgson,
Publisher: name: National University of Singapore
Year: 2020
Subjects: 3D printing
additive manufacturing
copyright infringement
free speech laws
product safety

description: If designs can be easily and cheaply replicated, will patent law be overwhelmed in the same way that copyright law was hit by the growth of online streaming and torrent services? Who is responsible if a 3D printed product injures someone? How can the introduction of infinite customizability into the manufacturing chain be regulated? This brief highlights various legal and policy issues raised by the growth in 3D printing.
Decoding Neuronal Networks: A Reservoir Computing Approach for Predicting Connectivity and Functionality
Creators: name: Auslender, Ilya
name: Letti, Giorgio
name: Heydari, Yasaman
name: Zaccaria, Clara
name: Pavesi, Lorenzo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this study, we address the challenge of analyzing electrophysiological measurements in neuronal networks. Our computational model, based on the Reservoir Computing Network (RCN) architecture, deciphers spatio-temporal data obtained from electrophysiological measurements of neuronal cultures. By reconstructing the network structure on a macroscopic scale, we reveal the connectivity between neuronal units. Notably, our model outperforms common methods like Cross-Correlation and Transfer-Entropy in predicting the network's connectivity map. Furthermore, we experimentally validate its ability to forecast network responses to specific inputs, including localized optogenetic stimuli.
description: Submitted version
Technology Brief: Whatâ€™s in Name? The Value and Ownership of Data
Creators: name: Jennifer Dodgson,
Publisher: name: National University of Singapore
Year: 2020
Subjects: personal data
data collection
excludable non-rival good
big data
data analysis
data regulation
General Data Protection Regulation

description: The growth in data-collection as an industry and the increasing tendency to collect data on individuals without them being aware of. This brief highlights the plethora of new legal and policy issues created by data collection.
title: An historical and critical reconstruction of disciplines and interdisciplinarity in urban studies (part. 2)
Creators: name: Pizzo, Barbara
name: Gribat, Nina
name: Höhne, Stefan
name: Michel, Boris
name: Schuster, Nina
Publisher: name: Tracce Urbane. Rivista Italiana Transdisciplinare di Studi Urbani
Year: 2020

description: Dopo aver ricostruito la storia di quattro discipline (urbanistica, sociologia urbana, cultural history e geografia urbana), in particolare nei paesi di lingua tedesca -che è stata pubblicata nel numero 6 di TU-, si riflette qui sull’origine di un orientamento critico al loro interno e più generalmente nel campo degli studi urbani. Usando una forma dialogica, studiosi con una diversa formazione discutono di come e quando è emerso un orientamento critico, mettendo in discussione prima di tutto cosa è ‘critico’ nelle diverse discipline, approcci ed epoche, a seconda della predominanza di questioni o problemi, ma anche in relazione con i cambiamenti nel contesto socio-culturale e politico. Following a reconstruction of the history of four disciplines (urban planning, urban sociology, cultural history and urban geography), in German-speaking countries in particular -which has been published in the previous issue of TU (6)-, we focus here on the origin of a ‘critical orientation’ within urban studies. Using a dialogical form, scholars with different education discuss how and when a critical orientation emerged, questioning first of all what is ‘critical’ within the different disciplines, approaches and times, depending on the predominance of issues or problems, but also in relation to changes in the socio-cultural and political environment.
description: Tracce Urbane. Rivista Italiana Transdisciplinare di Studi Urbani, N. 7 (2020): Per una genealogia degli studi urbani critici/ Towards a genealogy of critical urban studies
Technology Brief: Facial Recognition
Creators: name: Jennifer Dodgson,
Publisher: name: National University of Singapore
Year: 2020
Subjects: facial recognition
CCTV recording
surveillance
police
civil liberties
privacy
discriminatory
Fourth Amendment
Aadhaar card
social engineering
social credit system
UK
US
India
China

description: This brief looks at the uses of and responses to facial recognition technology in four countries: the UK, the US, India and China, to get an idea of how automated facial recognition (AFR) has been applied and how opinion has responded under different legal systems.
Experimental and numerical measurement of the thermal performance for parabolic trough solar concentrators
Creators: name: Mohamad, Khaled
name: Ferrer, Philippe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Parabolic trough mirror plants are a popular design for the conversion of solar energy to electricity via thermal processes. The receiver unit (RU) for absorbing the concentrated solar radiation is limited to maximum temperature (580 degree Celsius) and is responsible for efficiency losses mainly via thermal radiation. We built a RU in the laboratory to study the thermal performance for different designs and we companied this study with a mathematical module implemented on a simulation code. In this work, the simulation and the first set of experiments show a good agreement, validating the applicability of the code.
description: Late upload. Submitted to conference in 2018. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1907.13066
Machine Learning-Driven Structure Prediction for Iron Hydrides
Creators: name: Tahmasbi, Hossein
name: Ramakrishna, Kushal
name: Lokamani, Mani
name: Cangi, Attila
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We created a computational workflow to analyze the potential energy surface (PES) of materials using machine-learned interatomic potentials in conjunction with the minima hopping algorithm. We demonstrate this method by producing a versatile machine-learned interatomic potential for iron hydride via a neural network using an iterative training process to explore its energy landscape under different pressures. To evaluate the accuracy and comprehend the intricacies of the PES, we conducted comprehensive crystal structure predictions using our neural network-based potential paired with the minima hopping approach. The predictions spanned pressures ranging from ambient to 100 GPa. Our results reproduce the experimentally verified global minimum structures such as \textit{dhcp}, \textit{hcp}, and \textit{fcc}, corroborating previous findings. Furthermore, our in-depth exploration of the iron hydride PES at different pressures has revealed complex alterations and stacking faults in these phases, leading to the identification of several new low-enthalpy structures. This investigation has not only confirmed the presence of regions of established FeH configurations but has also highlighted the efficacy of using data-driven, extensive structure prediction methods to uncover the multifaceted PES of materials.
Two-dimensional quantum breakdown model with Krylov subspace many-body localization
Creators: name: Liu, Xinyu
name: Lian, Biao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a two-dimensional (2d) quantum breakdown model of hardcore bosons interacting with disordered spins which would be classical without the bosons. It resembles particles incident into supersaturated vapor. The model exhibits a set of subsystem symmetries, and has a strong fragmentation into Krylov subspaces in each symmetry sector. The Hamiltonian in each Krylov subspace maps to a single-particle problem in a Cayley tree-like graph. At zero disorder, the Krylov subspaces exhibit either (possible) integrable features, or quantum chaos with quantum scar states showing irregular energy and degeneracy patterns. At nonzero disorders, they enter a 2d many-body localization (MBL) phase beyond certain disorder strength $W_*$, as indicated by Poisson level spacing statistics and entanglement entropy growing as $\log t$ with time $t$. Our theoretical arguments suggest $W_*$ is finite or zero for boson number $N_b\lesssim L^γ/\log L$ ($1/2\le γ\le 1$) as system size $L\rightarrow\infty$. This gives a more stringent condition for MBL than that in the 1d quantum breakdown models. This model reveals the possibility of MBL in systems of quantum particles interacting with classical degrees of freedom.
description: 13 pages, 5+4 figures
Is La3Ni2O6.5 a Bulk Superconducting Nickelate?
Creators: name: Gao, Ran
name: Jin, Lun
name: Huyan, Shuyuan
name: Ni, Danrui
name: Wang, Haozhe
name: Xu, Xianghan
name: Budko, Sergey L.
name: Canfield, Paul
name: Xie, Weiwei
name: Cava, Robert J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Superconducting states onsetting at moderately high temperatures have been observed in epitaxially-stabilized RENiO2-based thin films. However, recently it has also been reported that superconductivity at high temperatures is observed in bulk La3Ni2O7-δ at high pressure, opening further possibilities for study. Here we report the reduction profile of La3Ni2O7 in a stream of 5% H2/Ar gas and the isolation of the metastable intermediate phase La3Ni2O6.45, which is based on Ni2+. Although this reduced phase does not superconduct at ambient or high pressures, it offers insights into the Ni-327 system and encourages the future study of nickelates as a function of oxygen content.
Technology Brief: Neither a Lender nor a Borrower Be - Troubles in the P2P Lending Market
Creators: name: Jennifer Dodgson,
Publisher: name: National University of Singapore
Year: 2020
Subjects: P2P lending
small loans
defaults
unsecured loans
high interest rates
high risk
bad debts
startup venture capital
securities
business model
China
US

description: Online peer-to-peer (P2P) lending grew rapidly across the globe in the 21st century. In theory, it seemed like an excellent way to help the poorest in society. In practice, it often led to rampant fraud, massive defaults and spiraling interest rates. Why did some countriesâ€™ P2P markets survive while others collapsed?
Energy estimators for random series path-integral methods
Creators: name: Predescu, Cristian
name: Sabo, Dubravko
name: Doll, J. D.
name: Freeman, David L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform a thorough analysis on the choice of estimators for random series path integral methods. In particular, we show that both the thermodynamic (T-method) and the direct (H-method) energy estimators have finite variances and are straightforward to implement. It is demonstrated that the agreement between the T-method and the H-method estimators provides an important consistency check on the quality of the path integral simulations. We illustrate the behavior of the various estimators by computing the total, kinetic, and potential energies of a molecular hydrogen cluster using three different path integral techniques. Statistical tests are employed to validate the sampling strategy adopted as well as to measure the performance of the parallel random number generator utilized in the Monte Carlo simulation. Some issues raised by previous simulations of the hydrogen cluster are clarified.
description: 15 pages, 1 figure, 3 tables
MOESM1 of A multicentre prospective observational study comparing arterial blood gas values to those obtained by pulse oximeters used in adult patients attending Australian and New Zealand hospitals
Creators: name: Pilcher, Janine
name: Ploen, Laura
name: McKinstry, Steve
name: Bardsley, George
name: Chien, Jimmy
name: Howard, Lesley
name: Lee, Sharon
name: Beckert, Lutz
name: Swanney, Maureen
name: Weatherall, Mark
name: Beasley, Richard
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1. This is an online supplement containing additional details and data as per the manuscript text.
title: Forme d’azione sociale diretta in tempi di crisi economica: una prospettiva diacronica sul caso romano
Creators: name: Villani, Luciano
Publisher: name: Tracce Urbane. Rivista Italiana Transdisciplinare di Studi Urbani
Year: 2020
Subjects: Roma; pratiche urbane; azione diretta

description: Negli anni seguiti al 2008, le pratiche urbane ispirate al metodo dell’azione diretta hanno ricevuto nuova linfa anche in Italia. Per mezzo di esse, gli attori sociali cercano di soddisfare nell’immediato i loro bisogni, anziché attendere passivamente i tempi e le decisioni dell’autorità. Molte volte, dietro queste pratiche vi è una lunga storia di antecedenti che risale ai momenti alti dei conflitti sociali del passato. Obiettivo del contributo è individuare, tra le forme d’azione sociale diretta storicamente rilevabili nel caso romano sul fronte della casa e dei servizi, quelle di cui è possibile verificare una ripresa nel tempo presente, per procedere a un confronto, analizzare le specificità di fase, gli attori coinvolti, i processi di cambiamento, nel tentativo di far dialogare storia e scienze sociali nell’ambito degli studi urbani. In the years following 2008, urban practices inspired by the direct action method received new lymph in Italy. By means of them, the social actors try to satisfy their needs immediately, instead of waiting passively the times and the decisions of the authority. Several times behind these practices there is a long history of antecedents that date back to the high points of past social conflicts. The target of the contribution is to identify, among the "forms of direct social action" historically detectable in the Roman case in terms of the housing and services, those of which it is possible to verify a recovery in the present, to proceed with a comparison, to analyze the specificities of the phase, the actors involved, the processes of change, in an attempt to create a dialogue between history and social sciences in the area of urban studies.
description: Tracce Urbane. Rivista Italiana Transdisciplinare di Studi Urbani, N. 7 (2020): Per una genealogia degli studi urbani critici/ Towards a genealogy of critical urban studies
Prompt neutrinos from atmospheric c-cbar and b-bbar production and the gluon at very small x
Creators: name: Martin, A. D.
name: Ryskin, M. G.
name: Stasto, A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We improve the accuracy of the extrapolation of the gluon distribution of the proton to very small x, and show that the charm production cross section, needed to calculate the cosmic ray-induced `atmospheric' flux of ultrahigh energy prompt muon and tau neutrinos, may be predicted within perturbative QCD to within about a factor of three. We follow the sequence of interactions and decays in order to calculate the neutrino fluxes as a function of energy up to 10^9 GeV. We also compute the prompt neutrino tau flux from b-bbar production, hadronization and decay. New cosmic sources of neutrinos will be indicated if more prompt neutrinos are observed than predicted. If fewer neutrinos are observed than predicted, then constraints will be imposed on the nuclear composition of cosmic rays. The advantages of studying tau neutrinos are emphasized. We provide a simple parameterization of the prediction for the inclusive cross section for c quark production in high energy proton--air collisions.
description: 31 pages, 11 figures. To appear in the special issue of Acta Physica Polonica to celebrate the 65th Birthday of Professor Jan Kwiecinski. Expanded discussion on the fragmentation functions. Plots with the neutrino fluxes changed
Technology Brief: Robocop - The Future of Legal Artificial Intelligence
Creators: name: Jennifer Dodgson,
Publisher: name: National University of Singapore
Year: 2020
Subjects: artificial intelligence (AI)
legal system
sentencing
transparency
accountability
responsibility
justice
non-maleficence
privacy
black-box systems
algorithms

description: Evidence shows that a wide variety of non-legal considerations affect judgesâ€™ sentencing decisions. Sentencing algorithms, by comparison, are reliable and consistent and only factor in those considerations that are supposed to be taken into account. Nevertheless, surveys show that most people would rather be sentenced by a human judge rather than a computer. Why is this?
HISS, a new tool for H I stacking: application to NIBLES spectra
Creators: name: Healy, J.
name: Blyth, S-L.
name: Elson, E.
name: van Driel, W.
name: Butcher, Z.
name: Schneider, S.
name: Lehnert, M. D.
name: Minchin, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: H I stacking has proven to be a highly effective tool to statistically analyse average H I properties for samples of galaxies which may or may not be directly detected. With the plethora of H I data expected from the various upcoming H I surveys with the SKA Precursor and Pathfinder telescopes, it will be helpful to standardize the way in which stacking analyses are conducted. In this work we present a new PYTHON-based package, HISS, designed to stack H I (emission and absorption) spectra in a consistent and reliable manner. As an example, we use HISS to study the H I content in various galaxy sub-samples from the NIBLES survey of SDSS galaxies which were selected to represent their entire range in total stellar mass without a prior colour selection. This allowed us to compare the galaxy colour to average H I content in both detected and non-detected galaxies. Our sample, with a stellar mass range of 10^8 \lt { M}_\star (M_\odot) \lt 10^{12}, has enabled us to probe the H I-to-stellar mass gas fraction relationship more than half an order of magnitude lower than in previous stacking studies.
description: 40 pages (of which 23 pages are appendices), 28 figures, 5 tables, published in MNRAS
The stochastic Gross-Pitaevskii equation II
Creators: name: Gardiner, C. W.
name: Davis, M. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide a derivation of a more accurate version of the stochastic Gross-Pitaevskii equation, as introduced by Gardiner et al. (J. Phys. B 35,1555,(2002). The derivation does not rely on the concept of local energy and momentum conservation, and is based on a quasi-classical Wigner function representation of a "high temperature" master equation for a Bose gas, which includes only modes below an energy cutoff E_R that are sufficiently highly occupied (the condensate band). The modes above this cutoff (the non-condensate band) are treated as being essentially thermalized. The interaction between these two bands, known as growth and scattering processes, provide noise and damping terms in the equation of motion for the condensate band, which we call the stochastic Gross-Pitaevskii equation. This approach is distinguished by the control of the approximations made in its derivation, and by the feasibility of its numerical implementation.
description: 24 pages of LaTeX, one figure