cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Stimulated emission of radiation using spin-population inversion in metals: a spin-laser
Creators: name: Korenivski, V.
name: Iovan, A.
name: Kadigrobov, A.
name: Shekhter, R. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Arrays of 10 nm-diameter point contacts of exchange-coupled spin-majority/spin-minority ferromagnetic metals, integrated into infrared-terahertz range photon resonators, are fabricated and measured electrically and optically. Giant, threshold-type electronic excitations under high-current pumping of the devices are observed as abrupt but reversible steps in device resistance, in many cases in access of 100%, which correlate with optical emission from the devices. The results are interpreted as due to stimulated spin-flip electron-photon relaxation in the system.
description: 5 pages
Vortex Lattices in the Superconducting Phases of Doped Topological Insulators and Heterostructures
Creators: name: Hung, Hsiang-Hsuan
name: Ghaemi, Pouyan
name: Hughes, Taylor L.
name: Gilbert, Matthew J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Majorana fermions are predicted to play a crucial role in condensed matter realizations of topological quantum computation. These heretofore undiscovered quasiparticles have been predicted to exist at the cores of vortex excitations in topological superconductors and in heterostructures of superconductors and materials with strong spin-orbit coupling. In this work we examine topological insulators with bulk s-wave superconductivity in the presence of a vortex-lattice generated by a perpendicular magnetic field. Using self-consistent Bogoliubov-de Gennes, calculations we confirm that beyond the semi-classical, weak-pairing limit that the Majorana vortex states appear as the chemical potential is tuned from either side of the band edge so long as the density of states is sufficient for superconductivity to form. Further, we demonstrate that the previously predicted vortex phase transition survives beyond the semi-classical limit. At chemical potential values smaller than the critical chemical potential, the vortex lattice modes hybridize within the top and bottom surfaces giving rise to a dispersive low-energy mid-gap band. As the chemical potential is increased, the Majorana states become more localized within a single surface but spread into the bulk toward the opposite surface. Eventually, when the chemical potential is sufficiently high in the bulk bands, the Majorana modes can tunnel between surfaces and eventually a critical point is reached at which modes on opposite surfaces can freely tunnel and annihilate leading to the topological phase transition previously studied in the work of Hosur et al.
description: 12 pages, 10 figures
First Came the Fires: Valles Caldera Landscape Futures in a Changing Climate
Creators: name: Sahinoglu, Stephanie Bergman
name: Reese, Kelsey
name: Steffen, Anastasia
name: Jarman, Nicholas
Publisher: name: Society for American Archaeology
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: American Southwest
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/149/american-southwest
subject: Geospatial modeling tool
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/other-keyword/170937/geospatial-modeling-tool
subject: Heritage Management
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/investigation-type/24/heritage-management

description: A geospatial modeling tool was developed at the landscape-scale to enable proactive management of cultural resources in a changing climate at Valles Caldera National Preserve in northwest New Mexico. Prioritization of all known cultural resources by fire sensitivity and significance was quantified by staff archaeologists and accounted for in the GIS modeling tool.
Prospects for measuring the relative velocities of galaxy clusters in photometric surveys using the kinetic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Effect
Creators: name: Keisler, Ryan
name: Schmidt, Fabian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the prospects for measuring the pairwise kinetic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (kSZ) signal from galaxy clusters discovered in large photometric surveys such as the Dark Energy Survey (DES). We project that the DES cluster sample will, in conjunction with existing mm-wave data from the South Pole Telescope (SPT), yield a detection of the pairwise kSZ signal at the 8-13 sigma level, with sensitivity peaking for clusters separated by ~100 Mpc distances. A next-generation version of SPT would allow for a 18-30 sigma detection and would be limited by variance from the kSZ signal itself and residual thermal Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (tSZ) signal. Throughout our analysis we assume photometric redshift errors, which wash out the signal for clusters separated by
description: Replaced with version accepted by ApJL
SHPO-CON-493: RE: Section 110 Evaluation, Hansen Homestead, Vandenberg Space Force Base, Santa Barbara County
Creators: name: Polanco, Julianne
Publisher: name: Department of Parks and Recreation, Office of Historic Preservation
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Santa Barbara (County)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/3486/santa-barbara-county
subject: Vandenberg Space Force Base (VSFB)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/85584/vandenberg-space-force-base-vsfb
subject: California (State / Territory)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/1484/california-state-territory
subject: CA-SBA-676H
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/135727/ca-sba-676h
subject: Hansen Homestead
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/135726/hansen-homestead
subject: Domestic Structure or Architectural Complex
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/251/domestic-structure-or-architectural-complex
subject: Homestead
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/715/homestead
subject: Section 110 Evaluation
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/other-keyword/170191/section-110-evaluation
subject: Criterion D
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/other-keyword/167616/criterion-d
subject: National Historic Preservation Act (NHPA)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/other-keyword/167421/national-historic-preservation-act-nhpa
subject: Office of Historic Preservation
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/other-keyword/167697/office-of-historic-preservation
subject: National Register of Historic Places (National Register)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/other-keyword/167698/national-register-of-historic-places-national-register
subject: OTIS ID USAF_2023_0110_001
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/other-keyword/170936/otis-id-usaf_2023_0110_001
subject: Not Eligible
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/other-keyword/76953/not-eligible
subject: Section 110
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/other-keyword/117673/section-110
subject: Consultation
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/investigation-type/4/consultation
subject: Site Evaluation / Testing
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/investigation-type/10/site-evaluation-testing

description: This document is a letter from the California State Historic Preservation Officer regarding the Section 110 evaluation of the Hansen Homestead (CA-SBA-676/H). The letter provides SHPO concurrence for the determination that the archaeological site is not eligible for the National Register of Historic Places under any of the Criterion.
Free fermions on a line: asymptotics of the entanglement entropy and entanglement spectrum from full counting statistics
Creators: name: Süsstrunk, Roman
name: Ivanov, Dmitri A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the entanglement entropy for a line segment in the system of noninteracting one-dimensional fermions at zero temperature. In the limit of a large segment length L, the leading asymptotic behavior of this entropy is known to be logarithmic in L. We study finite-size corrections to this asymptotic behavior. Based on an earlier conjecture of the asymptotic expansion for full counting statistics in the same system, we derive a full asymptotic expansion for the von Neumann entropy and obtain first several corrections for the Renyi entropies. Our corrections for the Renyi entropies reproduce earlier results. We also discuss the entanglement spectrum in this problem in terms of single-particle occupation numbers.
description: 6 pages, comparison with numerics added, published version
Density problems on vector bundles and manifolds
Creators: name: Bandara, Lashi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46E35, 53C21, 58J60

description: We study some canonical differential operators on vector bundles over smooth, complete Riemannian manifolds. Under very general assumptions, we show that smooth, compactly supported sections are dense in the domains of these operators. Furthermore, we show that smooth, compactly supported functions are dense in second order Sobolev spaces on such manifolds under the sole additional assumption that the Ricci curvature is uniformly bounded from below.
SHPO-CON-491: RE: Section 110 Evaluation, Chute Landing / Point Morrito Wharf Site, Vandenberg Space Force Base, Santa Barbara County
Creators: name: Polanco, Julianne
Publisher: name: Department of Parks and Recreation, Office of Historic Preservation
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Santa Barbara (County)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/3486/santa-barbara-county
subject: Vandenberg Space Force Base (VSFB)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/85584/vandenberg-space-force-base-vsfb
subject: California (State / Territory)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/1484/california-state-territory
subject: CA-SBA-1865/H
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/119044/ca-sba-1865h
subject: Chute Landing
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/133079/chute-landing
subject: Point Morrito Wharf
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/133080/point-morrito-wharf
subject: Chute Landing / Point Morrito Wharf Site
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/133081/chute-landing-point-morrito-wharf-site
subject: Section 110 Evaluation
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/other-keyword/170191/section-110-evaluation
subject: Criterion D
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/other-keyword/167616/criterion-d
subject: National Register Criterion D
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/other-keyword/170192/national-register-criterion-d
subject: National Register
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/other-keyword/112272/national-register
subject: National Historic Preservation Act (NHPA)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/other-keyword/167421/national-historic-preservation-act-nhpa
subject: Office of Historic Preservation
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/other-keyword/167697/office-of-historic-preservation
subject: OTIS ID USAF_2023_0622_001
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/other-keyword/170193/otis-id-usaf_2023_0622_001
subject: National Register of Historic Places
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/other-keyword/1572/national-register-of-historic-places
subject: Not Eligible
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/other-keyword/76953/not-eligible
subject: Section 110
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/other-keyword/117673/section-110
subject: Consultation
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/investigation-type/4/consultation
subject: Site Evaluation / Testing
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/investigation-type/10/site-evaluation-testing

description: This document is a letter from the California State Historic Preservation Office (SHPO) in response to the submission of a determination of eligibility for the Chute Landing on Vandenberg Space Force Base. The letter provides SHPO concurrence for the determination that Chute Landing is not eligible for the National Register of Historic Places under any of the Criteria. Specifically, it reiterates that the data potential of the site has been exhausted and is not eligible under Criterion D.
Cosmological constraints on polytropic gas model
Creators: name: Karami, K.
name: Safari, Z.
name: Asadzadeh, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the polytropic gas scenario as the unification of dark matter and dark energy. We fit the model parameters by using the latest observational data including type Ia supernovae, baryon acoustic oscillation, cosmic microwave background, and Hubble parameter data. At 68.3% and 95.4% confidence levels, we find the best fit values of the model parameters as $\tilde{K}=0.742_{-0.024}^{+0.024}(1σ)_{-0.049}^{+0.048}(2σ)$ and $n=-1.05_{-0.08}^{+0.08}(1σ)_{-0.16}^{+0.15}(2σ)$. Using the best fit values of the model, we obtain the evolutionary behaviors of the equation of state parameters of the polytropic gas model and dark energy, the deceleration parameter of the universe as well as the dimensionless density parameters of dark matter and dark energy. We conclude that in this model, the universe starts from the matter dominated epoch and approaches a de Sitter phase at late times, as expected. Also the universe begins to accelerate at redshift $z_{\rm t}=0.74$. Furthermore in contrary to the $Λ$CDM model, the cosmic coincidence problem is solved naturally in the polytropic gas scenario.
description: 13 pages, 7 figures, 2 tables
Refugios: Uno de los mecanismos para la adaptación al cambio climático
Creators: name: Díaz Gil, Carlos
Publisher: name: CSIC - Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología (IPE)
Year: 2023
Subjects: Refugios
Calor
Cambio climático
Pirineos
Zaragoza
Infraestructura Verde

description: La comunidad científica está estudiando lugares en los que la biodiversidad resiste los efectos negativos del cambio climático. Estos lugares actúan como refugios climáticos permitiendo su supervivencia en paisajes térmicos desfavorables. Conocer cómo funcionan y dónde aparecen beneficiará la estrategia para la conservación de la naturaleza y nos permitirá a los humanos aplicarlo a nuestro medio urbano para adaptar nuestras ciudades a resistir los efectos negativos del cambio climático.
Wolfgang Albrecht (Hrsg.), Um Menschenwohl und Staatsentwicklung. Textdokumentation zur deutschen Aufklärungsdebatte zwischen 1770 und 1850, mit drei zeitgenössischen Kupfern, 1995
Creators: name: Krebs, Roland
Publisher: name: Francia
Year: 2019

description: -
description: Francia, Bd. 25 Nr. 2 (1998)
Distributed Random Projection Algorithm for Convex Optimization
Creators: name: Lee, Soomin
name: Nedich, Angelia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Random projection algorithm is an iterative gradient method with random projections. Such an algorithm is of interest for constrained optimization when the constraint set is not known in advance or the projection operation on the whole constraint set is computationally prohibitive. This paper presents a distributed random projection (DRP) algorithm for fully distributed constrained convex optimization problems that can be used by multiple agents connected over a time-varying network, where each agent has its own objective function and its own constrained set. With reasonable assumptions, we prove that the iterates of all agents converge to the same point in the optimal set almost surely. In addition, we consider a variant of the method that uses a mini-batch of consecutive random projections and establish its convergence in almost sure sense. Experiments on distributed support vector machines demonstrate fast convergence of the algorithm. It actually shows that the number of iteration required until convergence is much smaller than scanning over all training samples just once.
A method for the reconstruction of unknown non-monotonic growth functions in the chemostat
Creators: name: Sieber, Jan
name: Rapaport, Alain
name: Rodrigues, Serafim
name: Desroches, Mathieu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We propose an adaptive control law that allows one to identify unstable steady states of the open-loop system in the single-species chemostat model without the knowledge of the growth function. We then show how one can use this control law to trace out (reconstruct) the whole graph of the growth function. The process of tracing out the graph can be performed either continuously or step-wise. We present and compare both approaches. Even in the case of two species in competition, which is not directly accessible with our approach due to lack of controllability, feedback control improves identifiability of the non-dominant growth rate.
description: expansion of ideas from proceedings paper (17 pages, 8 figures), proceedings paper is version v1
A fully-discrete-state kinetic theory approach to modeling vehicular traffic
Creators: name: Fermo, Luisa
name: Tosin, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 34A34, 35L65, 76P05, 90B20

description: This paper presents a new mathematical model of vehicular traffic, based on the methods of the generalized kinetic theory, in which the space of microscopic states (position and velocity) of the vehicles is genuinely discrete. While in the recent literature discrete-velocity kinetic models of car traffic have already been successfully proposed, this is, to our knowledge, the first attempt to account for all aspects of the physical granularity of car flow within the formalism of the aforesaid mathematical theory. Thanks to a rich but handy structure, the resulting model allows one to easily implement and simulate various realistic scenarios giving rise to characteristic traffic phenomena of practical interest (e.g., queue formation due to roadworks or to a traffic light). Moreover, it is analytically tractable under quite general assumptions, whereby fundamental properties of the solutions can be rigorously proved.
description: 22 pages, 3 figures
title: Intergenerational mobility of young Europeans:
A comparative analysis of social and political consequences
Creators: name: Schuck, Bettina
Publisher: name: Heidelberg University Library
Year: 2019

description: This thesis sets out to investigate social and political consequences of young Europeans’ experiences of intergenerational mobility, i.e., achieving a higher or lower socioeconomic status than one’s parents. In particular, it aims at providing a better understanding of how young Europeans’ (aged 35 and younger) experience of intergenerational mobility shapes their well-being and normative support for the welfare state. Apart from a descriptive overview on the status quo of intergenerational mobility among young Europeans in three dimensions (educational mobility, economic mobility, and expectations of future mobility), the main objective of the empirical analyses is to investigate the extent to which the psychological experience of intergenerational mobility, independent from the direct impact of one’s own and parental socioeconomic status, affect different dimensions of well-being and political attitudes. To this end, I apply diagonal reference models, the only method suitable to disentangle the effects of mobility, social origin, and social destination.
With respect to possible consequences of intergenerational mobility for the young people’s well-being, I investigate several hypotheses about individual and societal differences between mobile and non-mobile individuals. In line with the theoretical prediction that psychological mobility effects are more likely to occur in status-based societies, I find net mobility effects in Continental Europe and the Anglo-Saxon countries. Yet, contrary to the theoretical expectations, I also find net mobility effects in the Nordic countries.
In terms of political consequences of intergenerational mobility of young Europeans, I test two competing sets of hypotheses about differences in normative welfare state attitudes between mobile and non-mobile individuals. Thereby, the first set relies on material self-interest as the main determinant for welfare state support, while the second set is based on factors beyond material self-interest, such as deservingness perceptions. The empirical findings do not support the prediction of mobile individuals being more sympathetic with benefit recipients. This arguably owes to the fact that the well-known determinant material self-interest apparently plays a similar role in determining normative welfare state attitudes for the mobile as for the non-mobile.
Comparison of gas- and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry for trace analysis of anilines in groundwater
Creators: name: Dorgerloh, Ute
name: Hofmann, Andrea
name: Riedel, Juliane
name: Becker, Roland
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Three chromatographic procedures were investigated regarding their potential for the quantification of aniline and 19 of its methylated and chlorinated derivatives in groundwater. These methods were based on liquid-liquid-extraction in combination with gas chromatography and single quadrupole mass spectrometry (GC/MS) according to German standard DIN 38407–16:1999 and its extension using tandem mass spectrometry (GC/MS-MS), both following liquid–liquid extraction, and as third alternative the direct injection of the water sample into a liquid chromatograph coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS-MS). Results were compared using fortified water and real-world contaminated groundwater used in an interlaboratory comparison. It could be shown that GC/MS and GC/MS-MS yielded results deviating less than 10% from each other, while all three procedures displayed quantification results deviating less than 15% from the intercomparison reference values in case of each analyte in the concentration range between 1 and 45 µg L−1. Though GC/MS-MS displays a ten-fold higher sensitivity than single quadrupole GC/MS, the precision of both methods in the concentration range was similar. LC/MS-MS has the advantage of no further sample preparation due to direct injection and leads for methylanilines and meta-, para-substituted chloroanilines to results sufficiently equivalent to the standardised GC/MS method. However, LC/MS-MS is not suitable for ortho-chloroaniline derivatives due to significantly lower ion yields than meta- and para-substituted chloroanilines.
β-YbAlB4: a critical nodal metal
Creators: name: Ramires, Aline
name: Coleman, Piers
name: Nevidomskyy, Andriy H.
name: Tsvelik, A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a model for the intrinsic quantum criticality of β-YbAlB4, in which a vortex in momentum space gives rise to a new type of Fermi surface singularity. The unquenched angular momentum of the |J = 7/2,m_J = \pm5/2> Yb 4f-states generates a momentum-space line defect in the hybridization between 4f and conduction electrons, leading to a quasi-two dimensional Fermi surface with a k\perp4 dispersion and a singular density of states proportional to E^{-1/2}. We discuss the implications of this line-node in momentum space for our current understanding of quantum criticality and its interplay with topology.
Remediation of phenanthrene & cadmium co-contaminated soil by using a combined process including soil washing and electrocoagulation
Creators: name: Harati, Motahareh
name: Gharibzadeh, Farzaneh
name: Moradi, Masoud
name: Kalantary, Roshanak Rezaei
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: In the present work, the application of a combined process including soil washing by using the non-ionic surfactant Tween 80 and EDTA and electrocoagulation in remediation of phenanthrene (PHE) and cadmium (Cd) contaminated soils was investigated. In order to examine the effect of operational parameters on the efficacy of the process, Response Surface Methodology under Box–Behnken design was applied in both stages. Tween 80 solution and EDTA with concentrations of 1000–3000 and 1000–2000 mg L−1 respectively, at liquid/soil (L/S) ratio of 10, 20, and 30 v/w in a time interval of 2–24 h, were applied to remove PHE and Cd simultaneously from the co-contaminated soil. PHE and Cd extraction efficiency were mostly influenced by Tween 80 and EDTA concentration, respectively (Pvalue< 0.0001). L/S ratio also improved the removal efficiency of the contaminants significantly (Pvalue< 0.0001). Soil washing process under the optimal operational conditions of the surfactant concentration ≅ 3000 mg L-1, EDTA concentration ≅ 2000 mg L-1, L/S ratio ≅ 30 v/w and washing time = 2 h resulted in the removal efficiency of 59.284 ± 4.347% and 74.35 ± 3.632% for PHE and Cd, respectively. Electrocoagulation of the adjusted synthetic effluent based on the optimal operational conditions of soil washing phase was carried out at pH values of 3–11, with a voltage of 10–30 v, and in reaction time of 45–90 min. The results demonstrated that the removal efficiency of both contaminants was mostly enhanced by increasing pH (Pvalue< 0.0001). The factor of voltage had also a positive significant effect on the responses (Pvalue< 0.0001). The presented optimum conditions for electrocoagulation including pH of 11, a voltage of 30 v, and reaction time of 45 min provided a removal efficiency of 94.85 ± 1.715 and 100% for PHE and Cd respectively.
Experimental and computational studies on the removal of crystal violet dye from aqueous solution using juglans regia leaves treated with acetic acid and L-arginine
Creators: name: Shah, Shahid Shafi
name: Kumar, Dinesh
name: Sharma, Taniya
name: Kapoor, Kamal K.
name: Bamezai, Rajinder K.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: In this study, the leaves of juglans regia chemically treated with acetic acid and L-arginine were used as adsorbents for removal of crystal violet dye from aqueous solution. The adsorbents were characterised using powder x-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller techniques. The adsorption isotherm, kinetics and thermodynamic parameters were examined for adsorption of dye on various adsorbents. The effect of initial dye concentration on adsorption capacity was studied and maximum adsorption capacity of adsorbents as per Langmuir linear fit was found for (JRACD: 263.85 mg g−1, JRACCHR: 273.97 mg g−1 and JRLRG: 290.70 mg g−1) at an initial dye concentration of 300 ppm, pH of dye solution 8, dosage of adsorbent 0.3 g, contact time of 70 minutes and at temperature of 303.15 K. It was observed that Freundlich isotherm fitted well for adsorption of dye on all the adsorbents compared to Langmuir isotherm. The kinetics of adsorption was found to follow the linear pseudo-second-order rate equation (R2 ≥ 0.9967). The Gibbs free energy was spontaneous in nature for the three adsorbents. The response surface methodology was also applied for all the adsorbents and optimisation of initial dye concentration (100, 200, 300) ppm, dosage of adsorbent (0.1, 0.3, 0.5) g and pH of dye solution (2, 5, 8) led to the development of quadratic models. The maximum adsorption capacity as per response surface model was found as 260.12 mg g−1 for JRLRG under optimum conditions. The significance of these models was also characterised by analysis of variance test. Additionally, density functional theory was used to support the experimental analysis and using Fukui function analysis the site for adsorption has been proposed.
The rapid evolution of AGN feedback in brightest cluster galaxies: switching from quasar-mode to radio-mode feedback
Creators: name: Hlavacek-Larrondo, J.
name: Fabian, A. C.
name: Edge, A. C.
name: Ebeling, H.
name: Allen, S. W.
name: Sanders, J. S.
name: Taylor, G. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an analysis of the 2-10 keV X-ray emission associated with the active galactic nuclei (AGNs) in brightest cluster galaxies (BCGs). Our sample consists of 32 BCGs that lie in highly X-ray luminous cluster of galaxies (L_X-ray (0.1-2.4 keV) > 3*10^44 erg/s) in which AGN-jetted outflows are creating and sustaining clear Xray cavities. Our sample covers the redshift range 0 < z < 0.6 and reveals strong evolution in the nuclear X-ray luminosities, such that the black holes in these systems have become on average at least 10 times fainter over the last 5 Gyrs. Mindful of potential selection effects, we propose two possible scenarios to explain our results: 1) either that the AGNs in BCGs with X-ray cavities are steadily becoming fainter, or more likely, 2) that the fraction of these BCGs with radiatively efficient nuclei is decreasing with time from roughly 60 per cent at z=0.6 to 30 per cent at z=0.1. Based on this strong evolution, we predict that a significant fraction of BCGs in z=1 clusters may host quasars at their centres, potentially complicating the search for such clusters at high redshift. In analogy with black-hole binaries and based on the observed Eddington ratios of our sources, we further propose that the evolving AGN population in BCGs with X-ray cavities may be transiting from a canonical low/hard state, analogous to that of X-ray binaries, to a quiescent state over the last 5 Gyrs.
description: 24 pages, 12 figures, 5 tables. Accepted for publication in MNRAS (minor corrections)
Observing the Nonequilibrium Dynamics of the Quantum Transverse-Field Ising Chain in Circuit QED
Creators: name: Viehmann, Oliver
name: von Delft, Jan
name: Marquardt, Florian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show how a quantum Ising spin chain in a time-dependent transverse magnetic field can be simulated and experimentally probed in the framework of circuit QED with current technology. The proposed setup provides a new platform for observing the nonequilibrium dynamics of interacting many-body systems. We calculate its spectrum to offer a guideline for its initial experimental characterization. We demonstrate that quench dynamics and the propagation of localized excitations can be observed with the proposed setup and discuss further possible applications and modifications of this circuit QED quantum simulator.
description: v2: 5+11 pages, 4+10 figures, as to appear in Phys. Rev. Lett. (2013)
Spin thermoelectrics in a disordered Fermi gas
Creators: name: Borge, J.
name: Gorini, C.
name: Raimondi, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the connection between the spin-heat and spin-charge response in a disordered Fermi gas with spin-orbit coupling. It is shown that the ratio between the above responses can be expressed as the thermopower $S=-(πk_B)^2Tσ'/3eσ$ times a number $R_s$ which depends on the strength and type of the spin-orbit couplings considered. The general results are illustrated by examining different two-dimensional electron or hole systems with different and competing spin-orbit mechanisms, and we conclude that a metallic system could prove much more efficient as a heat-to-spin than as a heat-to-charge converter.
description: 6 pages, 1 figure
Trapping and detection of single atoms using a spherical mirror
Creators: name: Roy, Arpan
name: Jing, Andrew Bah Shen
name: Barrett, Murray D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We fabricate a miniature spherical mirror for tightly focusing an optical dipole trap for neutral atoms. The mirror formation process is modelled to predict the dimensions for particular fabrication parameters. We integrate the spherical mirror with a neutral atom experiment to trap and detect a single atom with high efficiency. The mirror serves the dual purpose of focusing the dipole trap as well as collection of the atomic fluorescence into an optical fibre.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures
Removal and degradation of triazole fungicides using Ag/PEG-CuO: an efficient adsorbent-catalyst coupling process
Creators: name: Zendegi-Shiraz, Amene
name: Feilizadeh, Mehrzad
name: Iranbakhsh, Alireza
name: Attar, Farid
name: Estahbanati, M. R. Karimi
name: Nikparast, Yaser
name: Zendegi-Shiraz, Marzieh
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: In this work, an effective adsorbent-catalyst coupling (ACC) process is proposed and investigated to treat the wastewater polluted with triazole fungicides. In this regard, PEG-CuO as well as Ag particles were prepared and used as the adsorbent and catalyst in the ACC process, respectively. For comparison purposes, Fe3O4 was also utilised as a catalyst. The experiments were conducted to remove penconazole, hexaconazole, and diniconazole (as representative fungicides which were analysed by HPLC-UV). The results show that sole catalysts could not completely remove the triazole fungicides. However, it was found that complete removal and degradation of all fungicides can be obtained using the ACC approach. In the next step, the effects of important operating parameters of the ACC process, i.e. adsorbent load, catalyst load, ratio of catalyst to adsorbent, salt concentration, pH, and operation time were studied. It was found that the optimum condition for all the fungicides was 50/50 ratio of Ag/PEG-CuO, pH of 7, and operating time of 85 min. Finally, the ACC process capability was evaluated for the treatment of five real wastewaters containing triazole fungicides, and the excellent performance of this process was confirmed by observing the complete removal and degradation.
Estimation of Semileptonic Decays of $B_c$ Meson to S-wave Charmonia with NRQCD
Creators: name: Qiao, Cong-Feng
name: Zhu, Rui-Lin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the semileptonic differential decay rates of $B_c$ meson to S-wave charmonia, $η_c$ and $J/Ψ$, at the next-to-leading order accuracy in the framework of NRQCD. In the heavy quark limit, $m_b \to \infty$, we obtain analytically the asymptotic expression for the ratio of NLO form factor to LO form factor. Numerical results show that the convergence of the ratio is perfect. At the maximum recoil region, we analyze the differential decay rates in detail with various input parameters and polarizations of $J/ψ$, which can now be checked in the LHCb experiment. Phenomenologically, the form factors are extrapolated to the minimal recoil region, and then the $B_c$ to charmonium semileptonic decay rates are estimated.
description: 9 pages, 2 figure and 4 tables
Fabrication of silica aerogel and carbon–silica composite for dynamic adsorption of benzene from dry and wet gas streams
Creators: name: Alipour, Mohammadreza
name: Gupta, Vinod Kumar
name: Massoudinejad, Mohamadreza
name: Motahari, Siamak
name: Zarandi, Saeed Motesaddi
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: In the present study, the white kaolin-derived silica (SA) and silica-carbon aerogel composite (CSA) were successfully synthesised as useful adsorbents for the effective removal of benzene from dry and wet gas streams. The physicochemical features of the adsorbents were characterised using SEM, BET, XPS, and TGA, and the adsorption properties of benzene were investigated through breakthrough time curves and equilibrium study. The specific surface areas of SA and CSA were 628 and 783 m2 g−1, respectively, demonstrating the high porosity of the synthesised adsorbents. The dynamic adsorption and isotherm performances of SA and CSA confirmed that both adsorbents have superior adsorption properties and Khan isotherm for both developed adsorbents were the fittest model among the two- and three-parameter isotherm models studied and provided a maximum adsorption capacity of 366.2 and 224.4 for SA and CSA mg g−1, respectively. Furthermore, the reusability tests revealed that the SA and CSA could be efficiently recovered at 180°C. Our experimental outcomes indicated that the prepared SA and CSA can be applied as efficient and inexpensive adsorbents for the removal of benzene from gaseous streams.
Three dimensional evolution of differentially rotating magnetized neutron stars
Creators: name: Kiuchi, Kenta
name: Kyutoku, Koutarou
name: Shibata, Masaru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct a new three-dimensional general relativistic magnetohydrodynamics code, in which a fixed mesh refinement technique is implemented. To ensure the divergence-free condition as well as the magnetic flux conservation, we employ the method by Balsara (2001). Using this new code, we evolve differentially rotating magnetized neutron stars, and find that a magnetically driven outflow is launched from the star exhibiting a kink instability. The matter ejection rate and Poynting flux are still consistent with our previous finding (Shibata et al., 2011) obtained in axisymmetric simulations.
description: 12 pages, 14 figures, accepted by PRD
Cultivating quality: assessing satisfaction and the utilization of interpreter services among Spanish-speaking patients’ families in a neuroscience intensive care unit
Creators: name: De Lain, Arielle Meganne
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2022

description: Purpose of Project: This project sought to improve satisfaction and increase the utilization of interpreter services among Spanish-speaking patients’ families on a neuroscience intensive care unit (NICU). Methodology: The project utilized a pre-/post-test design to gather quantitative data through electronic surveying to determine if an intervention, consisting of staff education paired with the placement of bilingual signage alerting Spanish-speaking families of their right to request interpreter services, would result in improved satisfaction and interpreter-use scores. Participants were surveyed using the Family Satisfaction with ICU (FS-ICU) questionnaire and a one-item investigator-generated question assessing caregiver-perceived interpreter use; the NICU staff received standard information and educational reinforcement regarding the proper use of hospital-provided interpreter services. Results: There was a total of 12 pre-intervention and 11 post-intervention caregiver participants who completed the questionnaire. With the critical value of U at p<0.05 set to 37, there was no statistically significant difference in satisfaction (U=71) or interpreter-use (U=68.5) scores between the two groups. Although not statistically significant, there was a positive association (r (10) =.05, p=.872) between satisfaction and interpreter-use in the pre-intervention group. Implications for Practice: Additional interventions are needed to improve interpreter-use among LEP patients and families. Using electronic surveying to obtain real-time feedback can help guide the efforts towards bettering satisfaction and interpreter-use.
Concentration of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in milk and its product: a systematic review and meta-analysis and health risk assessment study
Creators: name: Rahimi, Alireza
name: Ghane, Elaheh Talebi
name: Mehri, Fereshteh
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: This study evaluated the concentration of potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in milk and its products. The related studies regarding the concentration of PTEs in milk and its products were investigated in international databases such as Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science. Finally, the health risk assessment was performed using Total Target Hazard Quotient (TTHQ) by the Monte-Carlo Simulation model. According to the results of 30 included articles among 981 retrieved studies, the ranking of metal concentration was Zn > Fe > Se > Cu > As > Ni > Cd > Pb and Zn > Se > Pb > Cu > As > Ni> Fe > Cd in milk and Butter, as well as Fe > Cu > Pb > Se > Zn > Ni> Cd> As and Fe> Zn> Se> Cu > Ni> > As> Cd> Pb in cheese and Yoghurt, respectively. Based on the type of continents, the highest concentrations of As (0.16 µg/kg), Cd (0.49 µg/kg), and Pb (0.49 µg/kg) were found in yoghurt, cheese, and butter, which was related to Western Pacific Region (WPRO) and European Region (EURO), respectively. Regarding trace elements, the highest concentrations of Fe (3.94 µg/kg), Zn (5.90 µg/kg), and Ni (0.23 µg/kg) were observed in yoghurt, butter, and yoghurt belonging to WPRO and Pan Americas Region (PAHO), respectively. In addition, Se (0.78 µg/kg), Cu (0.57 µg/kg), and Se (0.78 µg/kg) represented the highest concentrations in yoghurt and cheese and were associated with WPRO and PAHO, respectively. The non-carcinogenic risk assessment of the PTEs indicated a different risk pattern in various countries, and the TTHQ level in adult groups in all countrieswas lower than 1 except for Italy. Thus, the consumption of milk and its products is safe to the health of consumers.
title: Halbzeit in den Donau-Auen
Creators: name: Demmer, Jakob
Year: 2023

description: Einer der letzten frei fließenden Donauabschnitte im Osten Österreichs bildet das Gebiet des Nationalparks Donau-Auen. Dieses Schutzgebiet beheimatet nicht nur viele Tier- und Pflanzenarten, sondern dient darüber hinaus als bedeutender Erholungsort für die Bewohner*innen der Region. Im Jahr 1997 offiziell durch die IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature) als Nationalpark der Kategorie II anerkannt wurde. Diese internationale Anerkennung verlangt jedenfalls die Einhaltung wesentlicher Qualitätsmerkmale, die erfüllt werden müssen. In Europa wird eine 30-jährige Übergangsfrist eingeräumt, um spezielle Managementmaßnahmen durchzuführen; nach dem Auslaufen dieser Frist müssen 75 % der Flächen in eine Naturzone überführt werden. Der Nationalpark hat ein integriertes Management, das für die Betreuung verantwortlich ist. Neben verschiedenen Faktoren - die den Nationalpark in ein enges Korsett zwischen den Hauptstädten Wien und Bratislava schnürt - gibt es erstmals einen länderübergreifenden Managementplan, der die Leitlinien für das Schutzgebiet vorgibt. Unterschiedliche Expert*innen wurden herangezogen, um den Managementplan unter Anwendung der IUCN-Vorgaben näher zu betrachten. Angesichts der heterogenen Ausrichtung bzw. Herangehensweise der beteiligten Akteur*innen im Nationalpark widerspiegelt sich auch der Paradigmenwechsel im Gebietsschutz wieder. Die Teilung des Nationalparks in sinnbildlich zwei Teile wird durch zwei unterschiedliche Landesgesetze, eine besondere Organisationsstruktur und die geografische Lage des Nationalparks verstärkt. Dadurch entsteht ein differenziertes Verständnis von Naturschutz. Die zukünftige Entwicklung und Ausrichtung von Managementmaßnahmen, sowie die genaue Auslegung der Naturzone sind noch nicht festgelegt und vor allem das Urteil der IUCN steht noch aus. Der gemeinsame Managementplan stellt einen ersten Versuch der Annäherung und einen wichtigen Schritt dar.
Enhanced adsorptive removal of phosphate from aqueous solution by activated sand/metal layered double hydroxides
Creators: name: Abdolmaleki, Farzaneh
name: Khorshidi, Niyayesh
name: Azadmehr, Amirreza
name: Maghsoudi, Abbas
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: In the present study, Mg-Fe and Ni-Fe layered double hydroxides have been examined to enhance the uptake capacity of activated sand as low-cost adsorbents for adsorption of phosphate. The physical and chemical properties of adsorbents were investigated by X-ray diffractometer (XRD), X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrum, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) analysis. The best efficiency of both adsorbents was obtained at the optimum condition of initial phosphate concentration: 1000 mg/L, adsorbent dose: 1 g, pH: 7–7.5, and a temperature of 298 K. The equilibrium isotherm studies show that the best result was attained in the Langmuir model for phosphate; therefore, homogeneous adsorption is dominated, which was also emphasised by three-parameter-isotherm models. The maximum adsorption capacity for functionalised sand with Mg-Fe and Ni-Fe layered double hydroxides were obtained 69.47 and 66.64 mg/g, respectively. The kinetic data fit well with the pseudo-second-order kinetics and demonstrate that the porous diffusion effectiveness is over film diffusion. Thermodynamic parameters evoke the feasibility of the adsorption process as well as the positive influence of temperature on adsorption.