cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Microbial Communities in Methane- and Short Chain Alkane-Rich Hydrothermal Sediments of Guaymas Basin
Creators: name: McKay, Luke J.
name: Lipp, Julius S.
name: Dasarathy, Srishti
name: Lloyd, Karen G.
name: Albert, Daniel B.
name: Kellermann, Matthias Y.
name: MacGregor, Barbara J.
name: Dowell, Frederick
name: Teske, Andreas
name: Biddle, Jennifer F.
name: Mendlovitz, Howard
name: Hinrichs, Kai-Uwe
name: Cardman, Zena
name: Ruff, S. Emil
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: The hydrothermal sediments of Guaymas Basin, an active spreading center in the Gulf of California (Mexico), are rich in porewater methane, short-chain alkanes, sulfate and sulfide, and provide a model system to explore habitat preferences of microorganisms, including sulfate-dependent, methane- and short chain alkane-oxidizing microbial communities. In this study, hot sediments (above 60°C) covered with sulfur-oxidizing microbial mats surrounding a hydrothermal mound (termed “Mat Mound”) were characterized by porewater geochemistry of methane, C2–C6 short-chain alkanes, sulfate, sulfide, sulfate reduction rate measurements, in situ temperature gradients, bacterial and archaeal 16S rRNA gene clone libraries and V6 tag pyrosequencing. The most abundantly detected groups in the Mat mound sediments include anaerobic methane-oxidizing archaea of the ANME-1 lineage and its sister clade ANME-1Guaymas, the uncultured bacterial groups SEEP-SRB2 within the Deltaproteobacteria and the separately branching HotSeep-1 Group; these uncultured bacteria are candidates for sulfate-reducing alkane oxidation and for sulfate-reducing syntrophy with ANME archaea. The archaeal dataset indicates distinct habitat preferences for ANME-1, ANME-1-Guaymas, and ANME-2 archaea in Guaymas Basin hydrothermal sediments. The bacterial groups SEEP-SRB2 and HotSeep-1 co-occur with ANME-1 and ANME-1Guaymas in hydrothermally active sediments underneath microbial mats in Guaymas Basin. We propose the working hypothesis that this mixed bacterial and archaeal community catalyzes the oxidation of both methane and short-chain alkanes, and constitutes a microbial community signature that is characteristic for hydrothermal and/or cold seep sediments containing both substrates.
Low-metallicity massive single stars with rotation. Evolutionary models applicable to I Zwicky 18
Creators: name: Szécsi, D.
name: Langer, N.
name: Yoon, S. -C.
name: Sanyal, D.
name: de Mink, S.
name: Evans, C. J.
name: Dermine, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Massive rotating single stars with an initial metal composition appropriate for the dwarf galaxy I Zw 18 ([Fe/H]=$-$1.7) are modelled during hydrogen burning for initial masses of 9-300 M$_{\odot}$ and rotational velocities of 0-900 km s$^{-1}$. Internal mixing processes in these models were calibrated based on an observed sample of OB-type stars in the Magellanic Clouds. Even moderately fast rotators, which may be abundant at this metallicity, are found to undergo efficient mixing induced by rotation resulting in quasi chemically-homogeneous evolution. These homogeneously-evolving models reach effective temperatures of up to 90 kK during core hydrogen burning. This, together with their moderate mass-loss rates, make them Transparent Wind Ultraviolet INtense stars (TWUIN star), and their expected numbers might explain the observed HeII ionizing photon flux in I Zw 18 and other low-metallicity HeII galaxies. Our slowly rotating stars above $\sim$80 M$_{\odot}$ evolve into late B- to M-type supergiants during core hydrogen burning, with visual magnitudes up to 19$^{\mathrm{m}}$ at the distance of I Zw 18. Both types of stars, TWUIN stars and luminous late-type supergiants, are only predicted at low metallicity. Massive star evolution at low metallicity is shown to differ qualitatively from that in metal-rich environments. Our grid can be used to interpret observations of local star-forming dwarf galaxies and high-redshift galaxies, as well as the metal-poor components of our Milky Way and its globular clusters.
description: accepted for publication in A\&A
Quantification of Viral and Prokaryotic Production Rates in Benthic Ecosystems: A Methods Comparison
Creators: name: Noble, Rachel T.
name: Middelboe, Mathias
name: Danovaro, Roberto
name: Dell'Anno, Antonio
name: Corinaldesi, Cinzia
name: Rastelli, Eugenio
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Viruses profoundly influence benthic marine ecosystems by infecting and subsequently killing their prokaryotic hosts, thereby impacting the cycling of carbon and nutrients. Previously conducted studies, based on different methodologies, have provided widely differing estimates of the relevance of viruses on benthic prokaryotes. There has been no attempt so far to compare these independent approaches, including contextual comparisons among different approaches for sample manipulation (i.e., dilution or not of the sediments during incubations), between methods based on epifluorescence microscopy (EFM) or radiotracers, and between the use of different radiotracers. Therefore, it has been difficult to identify the most suitable methodologies and protocols to be used as standard approaches for the quantification of viral infections of prokaryotes. Here, we compared for the first time different methods for determining viral and prokaryotic production rates in marine sediments collected at two benthic sites, differing in depth and environmental conditions. We used a highly replicated experimental design, testing the potential biases associated to the incubation of sediments as diluted or undiluted. In parallel, we also compared EFM counts with the 3H-thymidine incubations for the determination of viral production rates, and the use of 3H-thymidine versus 3H-leucine radiotracers for the determination of prokaryotic production. We show here that, independent from sediment dilution, EFM-based values of viral production ranged from 1.4 to 4.6 × 107 viruses g-1 h-1, and were similar but overall less variable compared to those obtained by the 3H-thymidine method (0.3 to 9.0 × 107 viruses g-1h-1). In addition, the prokaryotic production rates were not affected by sediment dilution, and the use of different radiotracers provided very consistent estimates (10.3–35.1 and 9.3–34.6 ngC g-1h-1 using the 3H-thymidine or 3H-leucine method, respectively). These results indicated that viral lysis was responsible for the abatement of 55–81% of the prokaryotic heterotrophic production, corroborating previous findings of the major role of viruses in benthic deep-sea ecosystems. Moreover, our methodological comparison for the analysis of viral production in marine sediments suggests that microscopy-based approaches are simpler and more cost-effective than those based on radiotracers. These approaches also reduce time to results and overcome issues related to generation of radioactive waste.
Fashions in English or a standard?
Creators: name: Bailey, Charles-James N.
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 1987
Subjects: subject: 400 Sprache
subject: standard english
subject: language learning
subject: fashion
subject: style

description: Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich.
description: This publication is with permission of the rights owner freely accessible due to an Alliance licence and a national licence (funded by the DFG, German Research Foundation) respectively.
description: Because ofthe inextricably authoritarian sense attached to 'Standardlanguage' in Europe, nonauthoritarian and, äs has proved to be the case, ultimately indefinable uses of 'Standard English' by Anglo-Saxon scholars cause untold confusion among non-Anglo-Saxons. This article discusses anomalies resulting from this confusion, including deleterious effects on the learning of English in Europe and elsewhere. Although the authoritarian attitude can probably never understand the wie of fashion and style in English (despite exact parallels with fashions in other kinds of social behavior), this paper Claims that it is precisely such an attitude that is necessary. Anecdotes and logical arguments are offered in support ofthe writer's thesis. The particularly baneful practice of equating some putative and indefinable formal 'Standard' English and normal English with, respectively, European Standard and diaiect by persons that have specialized in English for years illustrates the cultural gulf that will have to be crossed ifprogress is ever to be made. The article concludes with a list of some of the injunes to knguage-learning and scientific truth that eventuate from laying stress on formal language, which inevitably accompanies stress on a 'Standard'
title: Iowa Byington Reed diary 11, January 1, 1884-December 31, 1884
Creators: name: Reed, Iowa Byington
Publisher: name: University of Iowa. Libraries
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: FOS: History and archaeology
valueUri: http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf
subject: FOS: History and archaeology
subject: Domestic life
valueUri: http://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/graphicMaterials/tgm003216

description: Iowa Byington Reed's diaries contain daily entries covering her life from age twenty to just a few weeks before her death at age eighty-four (1872-1936).
Epidemiological, clinical and immunological risk factors of severe dengue
Creators: name: Malavige, Neelika
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: AViDD
Antiviral Drug Discovery
Antiviral Drug Discovery Open Science Forum
AViDD Open Science Forum
Open Science Forum
open science

description: This is Neelika Malavige’s presentation at the monthly [virtual] Antiviral Drug Discovery (AViDD) Open Science Forum on 2022 December 21. Their talk centers the epidemiological, clinical and immunological risk factors of severe dengue. You can find a recording of their talk on the AViDD Open Science Forum Youtube page. Neelika Malavige is the Head of Dengue Global Programme and Scientific Affairs, India at DNDi (Drugs for Neglected Disease Initiative).
Esters of (S)-1,2-propanediol and (R,R)-2,3-butanediol — Chiral Compounds Inducing Cholesteric Phases with a Helix Inversion ·
Creators: name: Heppke, G.
name: Lötzsch, D.
name: Oestreicher, F.
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 1987
Subjects: subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik
subject: chiral compound
subject: helix inversion
subject: cholesteric phases

description: Mesogenic chiral esters of optically active (S)-1,2-propanediol and (R,R)-2,3-butanediol were synthesized. The compounds, added to a nematic phase induce cholesteric phases exhibiting a helix inversion with temperature variation. This effect is independent of the molecular structure of the nematic solvent. The inversion temperature varies only slightly with concentration but can be influenced by the mesogenic substituent.
The Divergence of the Viscosity of a Fluid of Hard Spheres as an Indicator for the Fluid-Solid Phase Transition
Creators: name: Koo, Hyearn-Maw
name: Hess, Siegfried
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 1987
Subjects: subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik
subject: divergence
subject: viscosity
subject: fluid-solid phase transition

description: Solution of the Kirkwood-Smoluchowski equation for a hard sphere fluid yields an expression for the viscosity which shows a dramatic pretransitional increase and a divergence at a number density close to that one observed in computer simulations and in colloidal dispersions. The value for the transition density stems from a boundary condition at the surface of the hard sphere in the configurational relative pair-space and makes use of the density dependence of the pair-correlation function and of its derivative at the point of contact.
Postprocessing of Compressed Images via Sequential Denoising
Creators: name: Dar, Yehuda
name: Bruckstein, Alfred M.
name: Elad, Michael
name: Giryes, Raja
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this work we propose a novel postprocessing technique for compression-artifact reduction. Our approach is based on posing this task as an inverse problem, with a regularization that leverages on existing state-of-the-art image denoising algorithms. We rely on the recently proposed Plug-and-Play Prior framework, suggesting the solution of general inverse problems via Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers (ADMM), leading to a sequence of Gaussian denoising steps. A key feature in our scheme is a linearization of the compression-decompression process, so as to get a formulation that can be optimized. In addition, we supply a thorough analysis of this linear approximation for several basic compression procedures. The proposed method is suitable for diverse compression techniques that rely on transform coding. Specifically, we demonstrate impressive gains in image quality for several leading compression methods - JPEG, JPEG2000, and HEVC.
description: Submitted to IEEE Transactions on Image Processing
Riverine Bacterial Communities Reveal Environmental Disturbance Signatures within the Betaproteobacteria and Verrucomicrobia
Creators: name: Teske, Andreas
name: Balmonte, John Paul
name: McKee, Brent A.
name: Underwood, Sarah
name: Arnosti, Carol
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Riverine bacterial communities play an essential role in the biogeochemical coupling of terrestrial and marine environments, transforming elements and organic matter in their journey from land to sea. However, precisely due to the fact that rivers receive significant terrestrial input, the distinction between resident freshwater taxa vs. land-derived microbes can often become ambiguous. Furthermore, ecosystem perturbations could introduce allochthonous microbial groups and reshape riverine bacterial communities. Using full- and partial-length 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequences, we analyzed the composition of bacterial communities in the Tar River of North Carolina from November 2010 to November 2011, during which a natural perturbation occurred: the inundation of the lower reaches of an otherwise drought-stricken river associated with Hurricane Irene, which passed over eastern North Carolina in late August 2011. This event provided the opportunity to examine the microbiological, hydrological, and geochemical impacts of a disturbance, defined here as the large freshwater influx into the Tar River, superimposed on seasonal changes or other ecosystem variability independent of the hurricane. Our findings demonstrate that downstream communities are more taxonomically diverse and temporally variable than their upstream counterparts. More importantly, pre- vs. post-disturbance taxonomic comparison of the freshwater-dominant Betaproteobacteria class and the phylum Verrucomicrobia reveal a disturbance signature of previously undetected taxa of diverse origins. We use known traits of closely-related taxa to interpret the ecological function of disturbance-associated bacteria, and hypothesize that carbon cycling was enhanced post-disturbance in the Tar River, likely due to the flux of organic carbon into the system associated with the large freshwater pulse. Our analyses demonstrate the importance of geochemical and hydrological alterations in structuring bacterial communities, and illustrate the response of temperate riverine bacteria on fine taxonomic scales to a disturbance.
Low Temperature Raman Spectra of Dichlorosulfane (SC12), Tetrachlorosulfurane (SC14), Dichlorodisulfane (S2C12) and Dichlorodiselane (Se2Cl2) [1]
Creators: name: Steudel, Ralf
name: Jensen, Detlef
name: Plinke, Bettina
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 1987
Subjects: subject: 540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften
subject: raman spectra
subject: sulfur chlorides
subject: selenium chlorides

description: The Raman spectrum of commercial "sulfur dichloride" shows strong lines due to SCl2 and S2Cl2 and weak Cl2 lines at 25 °C, but strong SCl2 and SCl4 signals at -100 °C (the latter are superimposed on the S2Cl2 lines). Thus, the intense Raman effect of SCl4 can be used to detect small amounts of chlorine in SCl2 . Mixtures of SCl2 and Cl2 (1:15) yield the Raman spectrum of SCl4 at -140 °C, while at 25 °C not trace of this compound can be detected. The spectra of SCl4 and α-SeCl4 are quite different, indicating different molecular and/or crystal structures, although ECl3 + ions (E = S, Se) are present in both cases. While Se2Cl2 dimerizes reversibly below -50 °C, S2Cl2 neither dimerizes nor isomerizes on cooling. The S2Cl2 dimer is characterized by a Raman line at 215 cm-1 the intensity of which was used to calculate an enthalpy of dimerization as of -17 kJ/mol.
title: Iowa Byington Reed diary 12, January 1, 1885-September 19, 1886
Creators: name: Reed, Iowa Byington
Publisher: name: University of Iowa. Libraries
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: FOS: History and archaeology
valueUri: http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf
subject: FOS: History and archaeology
subject: Domestic life
valueUri: http://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/graphicMaterials/tgm003216

description: Iowa Byington Reed's diaries contain daily entries covering her life from age twenty to just a few weeks before her death at age eighty-four (1872-1936).
Reference Pricing Systems on the Pharmaceutical Market
Creators: name: Unsorg, Maximiliane
Publisher: name: Universität Tübingen
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Economics
subject: 330
subject: reference pricing
subject: pharmaceutical market
subject: copayment
subject: price cap
subject: price competition
subject: expenditures
subject: consumer surplus

description: Constantly rising expenditures for pharmaceuticals require government intervention in firms’ pricing decisions. To this end, reference pricing systems are a frequently employed regulatory mechanism. This paper considers a duopoly market with vertically differentiated firms under different competition types. Starting from the existing literature it can be confirmed that the introduction of a reference price leads to lower equilibrium prices and induces fiercer competition between firms. Further, it can be shown that reference pricing promotes generic usage and leads to an increased market coverage. Hence, an improved provision of medical supply is achieved due to the lower prices and the stimulated demand for drugs. The paper demonstrates that even under the increased demand consumer and insurance expenditures are reduced. The model isolates the mechanisms of reference pricing and shows the effects on the consumer decisions. Lastly, consumer surplus increases when implementing the regulation.
Core Services Architecture, Design Principles and Specifications (update)
Creators: name: Sciacca, Eva
name: Bordiu, Cristobal
name: Vitello, Fabio
name: Kakaletris, George
name: Papanikos, Giorgos
name: Topa, Eugenio
name: Pisa, Claudio
name: Kovacs, Jozsef
name: Kertesz, Gabor
name: Farkas, Attila
name: Caronte, Francesco
name: Krokos, Mel
name: Cecconello, Thomas
name: Chondros, Nikos
name: Konstantopoulos, Michalis
name: Vettorello, Laura
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Services
subject: Architecture
subject: FOS: Civil engineering
subject: EOSC
subject: Service Oriented Architecture

description: The objective of deliverable D6.4 is to report on the updates of the NEANIAS architecture, specifications and software development plan of the Core Services developed in WP6. This document reports on the updated general design principles, the overall system architecture and fundamental resources with respect to D6.1. Then it presents the current status of the released core services related to manage Open Science lifecycle (C1), EOSC integration (C2), Artificial Intelligence processing (C3) and, finally, Visualization (C4).The objective of deliverable D6.4 is to report on the updates of the NEANIAS architecture, specifications and software development plan of the Core Services developed in WP6. This document reports on the updated general design principles, the overall system architecture and fundamental resources with respect to D6.1. Then it presents the current status of the released core services related to manage Open Science lifecycle (C1), EOSC integration (C2), Artificial Intelligence processing (C3) and, finally, Visualization (C4).
The Guaymas Basin Hiking Guide to Hydrothermal Mounds, Chimneys, and Microbial Mats: Complex Seafloor Expressions of Subsurface Hydrothermal Circulation
Creators: name: Røy, Hans
name: Lever, Mark A.
name: McKay, Luke J.
name: Hoer, Daniel
name: Biddle, Jennifer F.
name: MacGregor, Barbara J.
name: Teske, Andreas
name: Tivey, Margaret K.
name: Mendlovitz, Howard P.
name: Lloyd, Karen G.
name: Albert, Daniel B.
name: De Beer, Dirk
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: The hydrothermal mats, mounds, and chimneys of the southern Guaymas Basin are the surface expression of complex subsurface hydrothermal circulation patterns. In this overview, we document the most frequently visited features of this hydrothermal area with photographs, temperature measurements, and selected geochemical data; many of these distinct habitats await characterization of their microbial communities and activities. Microprofiler deployments on microbial mats and hydrothermal sediments show their steep geochemical and thermal gradients at millimeter-scale vertical resolution. Mapping these hydrothermal features and sampling locations within the southern Guaymas Basin suggest linkages to underlying shallow sills and heat flow gradients. Recognizing the inherent spatial limitations of much current Guaymas Basin sampling calls for comprehensive surveys of the wider spreading region.
A simplified view of blazars: the neutrino background
Creators: name: Padovani, P.
name: Petropoulou, M.
name: Giommi, P.
name: Resconi, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Blazars have been suggested as possible neutrino sources long before the recent IceCube discovery of high-energy neutrinos. We re-examine this possibility within a new framework built upon the blazar simplified view and a self-consistent modelling of neutrino emission from individual sources. The former is a recently proposed paradigm that explains the diverse statistical properties of blazars adopting minimal assumptions on blazars' physical and geometrical properties. This view, tested through detailed Monte Carlo simulations, reproduces the main features of radio, X-ray, and gamma-ray blazar surveys and also the extragalactic gamma-ray background at energies > 10 GeV. Here we add a hadronic component for neutrino production and estimate the neutrino emission from BL Lacs as a class, "calibrated" by fitting the spectral energy distributions of a preselected sample of BL Lac objects and their (putative) neutrino spectra. Unlike all previous papers on this topic, the neutrino background is then derived by summing up at a given energy the fluxes of each BL Lac in the simulation, all characterised by their own redshift, synchrotron peak energy, gamma-ray flux, etc. Our main result is that BL Lacs as a class can explain the neutrino background seen by IceCube above ~ 0.5 PeV while they only contribute ~ 10% at lower energies, leaving room to some other population(s)/physical mechanism. However, one cannot also exclude the possibility that individual BL Lacs still make a contribution at the ~ 20% level to the IceCube low-energy events. Our scenario makes specific predictions testable in the next few years.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Kerr Orientation Influence on Excited State Absorption Measurements
Creators: name: Menzel, Ralf
name: Rapp, Werner
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 1986
Subjects: subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik
subject: laser field
subject: dyes in solution
subject: measuring errors

description: The possible influence of a strong nonresonant laser field on the orientation of dyes in solution is discussed as a potential source of measuring errors in excited state absorption analysis. The results of investigations on some typical samples suggest that, fortunately, the effect is very small.
Brunia fragarioides Willd., Sp. Pl.
Creators: name: Claßen-Bockhoff, Regine
name: Oliver, Edward G. H.
name: Hall, Anthony V.
name: Quint, Marcus
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Bruniales
Bruniaceae
Brunia
Brunia fragarioides

description: Brunia fragarioides Willd., Sp. Pl., ed. 4, 1: 1143. 1798 ≡ Nebelia fragarioides (Willd.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 234. 1891; PillansinJ. S. African Bot. 13: 162. 1947 – Type: sine loc., sine coll. (B, Herb. Willd. 4819, holo).
description: Published as part of Claßen-Bockhoff, Regine, Oliver, Edward G. H., Hall, Anthony V. & Quint, Marcus, 2019, A new classification of the South African endemic family Bruniaceae based on molecular and morphological data, pp. 1138-1155 in TAXON 60 (4) on page 1149, DOI: 10.1002/tax.604016, http://zenodo.org/record/7590433
Practical security analysis of two-way quantum key distribution protocols based on non-orthogonal states
Creators: name: Henao, C. Ivan
name: Serra, Roberto M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Within the broad research scenario of quantum secure communication, Two-Way Quantum Key Distribution (TWQKD) is a relatively new proposal for sharing secret keys that is not fully explored yet. We analyse the security of TWQKD schemes that use qubits prepared in non-orthogonal states to transmit the key. Investigating protocols that employ an arbitrary number of bases for the channel preparation, we show, in particular, that the security of the LM05 protocol can not be improved by the use of more than two preparation bases. We also provide a new proof of unconditional security for a deterministic TWQKD protocol recently proposed [Phys. Rev. A 88, 062302 (2013)]. In addition, we introduce a novel deterministic protocol named TWQKD six-state and compute an analytical lower bound (which can be tightened) for the maximum amount of information that an eavesdropper could extract in this case. An interesting advantage of our approach to the security analysis of TWQKD is the great simplicity and transparency of the derivations.
The Effectiveness of Exercise as an Adjunct Intervention to Improve Quality of Life and Mood in Substance Use Disorder: A Systematic Review
Creators: name: Dowla, Rhiannon
name: Sinmaz, Hulya
name: Mavros, Yorgi
name: Murnion, Bridin
name: Cayanan, Elizabeth
name: Rooney, Kieron
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Introduction: Quality of life and affective outcomes offer a perspective of the burden of disease experienced by people with substance use disorder. This can be considered an alternative measure of substance use disorder severity. This review aims to evaluate the impact of exercise as a novel intervention on quality of life and affect in substance use disorder. Method: Medline, CINAHL, Amed, Web of Science core collections, Embase, PsychINFO and SportDISCUS databases were searched from inception to August 2021 for studies that assessed the impact of exercise on mood, depression, anxiety and quality of life outcomes in substance use disorder. Exercise interventions of any duration were included. Results: Forty-two studies met the inclusion criteria. Quality of life scores improved with larger effects seen in studies with two or more sessions per week. Depression and anxiety scores decreased, with 19 of the 25 data sets reporting a reduction in depression (effect size 0.2–1.86) and 13 of the 17 data sets reporting a reduction in anxiety (effect sizes 0.2–1.42). Mood improved in six of the seven data sets reviewed with effect sizes ranging from 0.34 to 1.13. Discussion: Included studies had numerous methodological flaws therefore results need to be interpreted with caution. Further research needs to be completed with more rigorous methodologies to support these results. Conclusions: Results indicate promising responses to exercise as a novel intervention for quality of life and mood in substance use disorder, however further research of high methodological quality is needed to confirm.
Smectic A1 — Smectic Ad Transition in Binary Mixtures of Compounds with Strongly Polar Terminal Groups
Creators: name: Bahr, Ch.
name: Heppke, G.
name: Shashidhar, R.
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 1985
Subjects: subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik
subject: smectic A1 - smectic Ad transition
subject: high pressure
subject: binary liquid crystal mixture

description: On the basis of high pressure studies we present here the evidence for the existence of a smectic A, — smectic Aj transition at high pressure in a binary liquid crystal mixture consisting of terminally polar compounds. A feature of this observation is that both the constituent compounds are three phenyl ring systems wherein the bridging dipoles are disposed additive with respect to the polar end group.
Darstellung und Eigenschaften von cyclo-Nonaschwefeloxid (S9O) und von cyclo-Dekaschwefeloxid (S10O) [1] / Preparation and Properties of cyclo-Nonasulfuroxide (S9O) and of cyclo-Decasulfuroxide (S10O) [1]
Creators: name: Steudel, Ralf
name: Sandow, Torsten
name: Seidel, Jürgen
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 1985
Subjects: subject: 540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften
subject: raman spectra
subject: sulfur chlorides
subject: selenium chlorides

description: The homocyclic oxides S9O (m.p. 33 °C, dec.) and S10O (m.p. 51 °C, dec.) have been prepared by oxidation of the corresponding sulfur rings S9 and S10 , respectively, by trifluoroperoxy acetic acid (molar ratio 1:2-3) in a carbon disulfide/methylene chloride mixture. According to infrared and Raman spectra, both compounds contain an exocyclic oxygen atom. S9O and S10O decompose at 25 °C to give SO2 and a polysulfuroxide SnO with >10 but both can be stored at -78 °C without decomposition. The SS bond distances are discussed on the basis of the Raman spectra. In addition, the Raman spectrum of solid S9 has been recorded for the first time. It shows that S9 crystallizes as two allotropes (α-and β-S9) both consisting of cyclic molecules of either C1 or C2 symmetry with bond distances of between 203 and 209 pm.
Visualizing Evolutionary Relationships of Multidomain Proteins: An Example from Receiver (REC) Domains of Sensor Histidine Kinases in the Candidatus Maribeggiatoa str. Orange Guaymas Draft Genome
Creators: name: MacGregor, Barbara J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: For multidomain proteins, evolutionary changes may occur at the domain as well as the whole-protein level. An example is presented here, with suggestions for how such complicated relationships might be visualized. Earlier analysis of the Candidatus Maribeggiatoa str. Orange Guaymas (BOGUAY; Gammaproteobacteria) single-filament draft genome found evidence of gene exchange with the phylogenetically distant Cyanobacteria, particularly for sensory and signal transduction proteins. Because these are modular proteins, known to undergo frequent duplication, domain swapping, and horizontal gene transfer, a single domain was chosen for analysis. Recognition (REC) domains are short (~125 amino acids) and well conserved, simplifying sequence alignments and phylogenetic calculations. Over 100 of these were identified in the BOGUAY genome and found to have a wide range of inferred phylogenetic relationships. Two sets were chosen here for detailed study. One set of four BOGUAY ORFs has closest relatives among other Beggiatoaceae and Cyanobacteria. A second set of four has REC domains with more mixed affiliations, including other Beggiatoaceae, several sulfate-reducing Deltaproteobacteria and Firmicutes, magnetotactic Nitrospirae, one Shewanella and one Ferrimonas strain (both Gammaproteobacteria), and numerous Vibrio vulnificus and V. navarrensis strains (also Gammaproteobacteria). For an overview of the possible origins of the whole proteins and the surrounding genomic regions, color-coded BLASTP results were produced and displayed against cartoons showing protein domain structure of predicted genes. This is suggested as a visualization method for investigation of possible horizontally transferred regions, giving more detail than scans of DNA composition and codon usage but much faster than carrying out full phylogenetic analyses for multiple proteins. As expected, most of the predicted sensor histidine kinases investigated have two or more segments with distinct BLASTP affiliations. For the first set of BOGUAY ORFs, the flanking regions were also examined, and the results suggest they are embedded in genomic stretches with complex histories. An automated method of creating such visualizations could be generally useful; a wish list for its features is given.
A Multi-season Investigation of Microbial Extracellular Enzyme Activities in Two Temperate Coastal North Carolina Rivers: Evidence of Spatial but Not Seasonal Patterns
Creators: name: Ghobrial, Sherif
name: Arnosti, Carol
name: Bullock, Avery
name: Smith, Shannon
name: Ziervogel, Kai
name: McKee, Brent
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Riverine systems are important sites for the production, transport, and transformation of organic matter. Much of the organic matter processing is carried out by heterotrophic microbial communities, whose activities may be spatially and temporally variable. In an effort to capture and evaluate some of this variability, we sampled four sites—two upstream and two downstream—at each of two North Carolina rivers (the Neuse River and the Tar-Pamlico River) ca. twelve times over a time period of 20 months from 2010 to 2012. At all of the sites and dates, we measured the activities of extracellular enzymes used to hydrolyze polysaccharides and peptides, and thus to initiate heterotrophic carbon processing. We additionally measured bacterial abundance, bacterial production, phosphatase activities, and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentrations. Concurrent collection of physical data (stream flow, temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen) enabled us to explore possible connections between physiochemical parameters and microbial activities throughout this time period. The two rivers, both of which drain into Pamlico Sound, differed somewhat in microbial activities and characteristics: the Tar-Pamlico River showed higher β-glucosidase and phosphatase activities, and frequently had higher peptidase activities at the lower reaches, than the Neuse River. The lower reaches of the Neuse River, however, had much higher DOC concentrations than any site in the Tar River. Both rivers showed activities of a broad range of polysaccharide hydrolases through all stations and seasons, suggesting that the microbial communities are well-equipped to access enzymatically a broad range of substrates. Considerable temporal and spatial variability in microbial activities was evident, variability that was not closely related to factors such as temperature and season. However, Hurricane Irene's passage through North Carolina coincided with higher concentrations of DOC at the downstream sampling sites of both rivers. This DOC maximum persisted into the month following the hurricane, when it continued to stimulate bacterial protein production and phosphatase activity in the Neuse River, but not in the Tar-Pamlico River. Microbial community activities are related to a complex array of factors, whose interactions vary considerably with time and space.
Brunia laevis Thunb.
Creators: name: Claßen-Bockhoff, Regine
name: Oliver, Edward G. H.
name: Hall, Anthony V.
name: Quint, Marcus
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Bruniales
Bruniaceae
Brunia
Brunia laevis

description: Brunia laevis Thunb., Prodr. Pl. Cap.: 187. 1800; Pillans in J. S. African Bot. 13: 182. 1947; Powrie in J. S. African Bot. 35: 338. 1969 – Type: e Cap. bon. spei, sinecoll. [= Thunberg] (UPS-sheet 5740, holo – microfiche!). Placement of this species in Brunia subg. Brunia is based on morphological data as anther morphology, 5- to 10-colporate pollen grains, exserted stamens and presence of terminal inflorescence; it was not included in the DNA analysis.
description: Published as part of Claßen-Bockhoff, Regine, Oliver, Edward G. H., Hall, Anthony V. & Quint, Marcus, 2019, A new classification of the South African endemic family Bruniaceae based on molecular and morphological data, pp. 1138-1155 in TAXON 60 (4) on page 1149, DOI: 10.1002/tax.604016, http://zenodo.org/record/7590433
Differential Growth of Francisella tularensis, Which Alters Expression of Virulence Factors, Dominant Antigens, and Surface-Carbohydrate Synthases, Governs the Apparent Virulence of Ft SchuS4 to Immunized Animals
Creators: name: Hazlett, Karsten R.O.
name: Holland, Kristen M.
name: Franz, Brian J.
name: Kumar, Sudeep
name: Reed, Douglas S.
name: Barry, Eileen M.
name: Zarrella, Tiffany M.
name: Singh, Anju
name: Wolfgeher, Donald
name: Sunagar, Raju
name: Kron, Stephen J.
name: Rosa, Sarah J.
name: Gosselin, Edmund J.
name: Sellati, Timothy J.
name: Bakshi, Chandra S.
name: Kristjansdottir, Kolbrun
name: Namjoshi, Prachi
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: The gram-negative bacterium Francisella tularensis (Ft) is both a potential biological weapon and a naturally occurring microbe that survives in arthropods, fresh water amoeba, and mammals with distinct phenotypes in various environments. Previously, we used a number of measurements to characterize Ft grown in Brain-Heart Infusion (BHI) broth as (1) more similar to infection-derived bacteria, and (2) slightly more virulent in naïve animals, compared to Ft grown in Mueller Hinton Broth (MHB). In these studies we observed that the free amino acids in MHB repress expression of select Ft virulence factors by an unknown mechanism. Here, we tested the hypotheses that Ft grown in BHI (BHI-Ft) accurately displays a full protein composition more similar to that reported for infection-derived Ft and that this similarity would make BHI-Ft more susceptible to pre-existing, vaccine-induced immunity than MHB-Ft. We performed comprehensive proteomic analysis of Ft grown in MHB, BHI, and BHI supplemented with casamino acids (BCA) and compared our findings to published “omics” data derived from Ft grown in vivo. Based on the abundance of ~1,000 proteins, the fingerprint of BHI-Ft is one of nutrient-deprived bacteria that—through induction of a stringent-starvation-like response—have induced the FevR regulon for expression of the bacterium's virulence factors, immuno-dominant antigens, and surface-carbohydrate synthases. To test the notion that increased abundance of dominant antigens expressed by BHI-Ft would render these bacteria more susceptible to pre-existing, vaccine-induced immunity, we employed a battery of LVS-vaccination and S4-challenge protocols using MHB- and BHI-grown Ft S4. Contrary to our hypothesis, these experiments reveal that LVS-immunization provides a barrier to infection that is significantly more effective against an MHB-S4 challenge than a BHI-S4 challenge. The differences in apparent virulence to immunized mice are profoundly greater than those observed with primary infection of naïve mice. Our findings suggest that tularemia vaccination studies should be critically evaluated in regard to the growth conditions of the challenge agent.
The S-layer Associated Serine Protease Homolog PrtX Impacts Cell Surface-Mediated Microbe-Host Interactions of Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM
Creators: name: Johnson, Brant R.
name: O'Flaherty, Sarah
name: Carroll, Ian
name: Goh, Yong Jun
name: Barrangou, Rodolphe
name: Klaenhammer, Todd R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Health-promoting aspects attributed to probiotic microorganisms, including adhesion to intestinal epithelia and modulation of the host mucosal immune system, are mediated by proteins found on the bacterial cell surface. Notably, certain probiotic and commensal bacteria contain a surface (S-) layer as the outermost stratum of the cell wall. S-layers are non-covalently bound semi-porous, crystalline arrays of self-assembling, proteinaceous subunits called S-layer proteins (SLPs). Recent evidence has shown that multiple proteins are non-covalently co-localized within the S-layer, designated S-layer associated proteins (SLAPs). In Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM, SLP and SLAPs have been implicated in both mucosal immunomodulation and adhesion to the host intestinal epithelium. In this study, a S-layer associated serine protease homolog, PrtX (prtX, lba1578), was deleted from the chromosome of L. acidophilus NCFM. Compared to the parent strain, the PrtX-deficient strain (ΔprtX) demonstrated increased autoaggregation, an altered cellular morphology, and pleiotropic increases in adhesion to mucin and fibronectin, in vitro. Furthermore, ΔprtX demonstrated increased in vitro immune stimulation of IL-6, IL-12, and IL-10 compared to wild-type, when exposed to mouse dendritic cells. Finally, in vivo colonization of germ-free mice with ΔprtX led to an increase in epithelial barrier integrity. The absence of PrtX within the exoproteome of a ΔprtX strain caused morphological changes, resulting in a pleiotropic increase of the organisms’ immunomodulatory properties and interactions with some intestinal epithelial cell components.
Characteristic Features of the Regulatory Functions of the ᴅ-Ribulose 1,5-Bisphosphate Carboxylase/Oxygenase from Spinach
Creators: name: Vater, Joachim
name: Gaudszun, Thomas
name: Lange, Benita
name: Erdin, Nazmiye
name: Salnikow, Johann
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 1983
Subjects: subject: 570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie
subject: regulation of rubisco
subject: anionic modulators
subject: specificity and mechanism of action of dianionic effectors

description: Catalysis and regulation of CO2 fixation differ in a characteristic manner in their response to anionic modifiers and the polarity of the reaction medium. Monovalent inorganic anions inhibit catalysis and CO2-activation of the ᴅ-ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase from spinach, whereas the activity and binding of NADPH and effector sugar phosphates are affected only at appreciably higher concentrations. In contrast such modulators with a dianion structure stimulate CO2 fixation by an increase of the affinity of the enzyme for the activator CO2 and stabilization of the reactive carbamate. Structure-activity studies revealed a broad specificity of the enzyme for these regulatory effects. Essentially amino groups are involved in these processes. Certain organic solvents, as methanol or acetone, stimulate CO2 fixation by a similar modification of the CO2 activation centers, as induced by dianionic effectors. These results infer that such effects are due to a decrease of the polarity at the regulatory centers of the enzyme and a concomitant change of the pK of the active lysine responsible for the binding of the activator CO2. A correlation of effector binding and activity demonstrates that already low, non-saturating concentrations of such modifiers induce high activation levels of the carboxylase and prevent the dissociation of the activated ternary complex. It is discussed that the central problem concerning the catalytical competence of ᴅ-ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) in the presence of active site directed dianionic effectors can be solved kinetically.
Phenomenological analysis of near threshold periodic modulations of the proton timelike form factor
Creators: name: Bianconi, A.
name: Tomasi-Gustafsson, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have recently highlighted the presence of a periodically oscillating 10 \% modulation in the BABAR data on the proton timelike form factors, in the reaction $e^++e^-$ $\rightarrow$ $\bar{p}+p$. Here we deepen our previous data analysis, and confirm that in the case of several standard parametrizations it is possible to write the form factor in the form $F_0$ $+$ $F_{osc}$, where $F_0$ is a parametrization expressing the long-range trend of the form factor (for $q^2$ ranging from the $\bar{p}p$ threshold to 36 GeV$^2$), and $F_{osc}$ is a function of the form $\exp(-Bp)\cos(Cp)$, where $p$ is the relative momentum of the final $\bar{p}p$ pair. Error bars allow for a clean identification of the main features of this modulation for $q^2$ $
description: 25 pages, 8 figures - revised version - new section 5 with extended discussion
Vela X-1 in depth: a review article on outstanding object
Creators: name: Martínez-Núñez, Silvia
name: Kretschmar, Peter
name: El Mellah, I.
name: Fuerst, F.
name: Grinberg, V.
name: Sander, A. A. C
name: van den Eijnden, J.
name: Degenaar, N.
name: Maíz Apellániz, J.
name: Jiménez Esteban, F.
name: Ramos-Lerate, M
name: Utrilla, E.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: X-rays: individuals: Vela X-1; X-rays: binaries; stars: winds; outflows; accretion; accretion disks; Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena; Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics

description: In this poster, we will summarise the review paper entitled: "Revisiting the archetypical wind accretor Vela X-1 in depth. Case study of a well-known X-ray binary and the limits of our knowledge." The paper, published in late 2021 in Astronomy and Astrophysics journal, triggered a discussion amongst the editors of Astronomy and Astrophysics leading to the creation of a new type of review article on uniquely interesting objects. In the paper we have: provided a thoughtful compilation of the knowledge of the Vela X-1 system and its modelling published over decades; added new information derived from public data or catalogues, including an updated distance and spectral classification based on the Gaia EDR3 release; and identified specific avenues of future research that could help to clarify open questions.
Auxetic behavior obtained through the large deformations of variants of the rectangular grid
Creators: name: Farrugia, Pierre-Sandre
name: Gatt, Ruben
name: Mizzi, Luke
name: Grima, Joseph N.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: The deformation behavior of intersecting ligaments forming variants of the square and rectangular grids under mechanical compression was investigated. It was shown that such systems are able to exhibit a negative incremental Poisson’s ratio at relatively large axial compressive strains. Numerical simulations and experimental studies indicated that the extent of auxeticity depends on the relative offset of successive ligaments, the relative lengths of the ligaments as well as on their thickness. It was also shown that there are two distinct modes of deformation, one resembling that of the reentrant hexagonal honeycomb and the other that of the meta-tetrachiral system.