cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Machine-learning free-energy functionals using density profiles from simulations
Creators: name: Cats, Peter
name: Kuipers, Sander
name: de Wind, Sacha
name: van Damme, Robin
name: Coli, Gabriele M.
name: Dijkstra, Marjolein
name: van Roij, René
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The formally exact framework of equilibrium Density Functional Theory (DFT) is capable of simultaneously and consistently describing thermodynamic and structural properties of interacting many-body systems in arbitrary external potentials. In practice, however, DFT hinges on approximate (free-)energy functionals from which density profiles (and hence the thermodynamic potential) follow via an Euler-Lagrange equation. Here we explore a relatively simple Machine Learning (ML) approach to improve the standard mean-field approximation of the excess Helmholtz free energy functional of a 3D Lennard-Jones system at a supercritical temperature. The learning set consists of density profiles from grand-canonical Monte Carlo simulations of this system at varying chemical potentials and external potentials in a planar geometry only. Using the DFT formalism we nevertheless can extract not only very accurate 3D bulk equations of state but also radial distribution functions using the Percus test-particle method. Unfortunately, our ML approach did not provide very reliable Ornstein-Zernike direct correlation functions for small distances.
description: 12 pages, 10 figures
СУДЬБА И ВЕРА В ПРЕДОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЕ
Creators: name: Туйчибоева Гузал Бобомурод кизи Международная Исламская Академия Узбекистана Студентка 1 курса магистратуры «Исламоведения»
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: This article explores the concepts of "qadar" and "qazo" and discusses the importance of recognizing Allah's mercy, expressing gratitude for His blessings, having faith in predestination, thanking Allah for everything He provides, and avoiding actions that contradict Sharia while refraining from attributing them to "my predestination."

Keywords: Qadar (predestination), qazo (actions predetermined by fate), fahsh (indecent), alcoholic beverages, feminism, racism, plastic surgery
Savant: video annotation support for GSS meeting memory
Creators: name: Rathie, Susan E.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Much research effort has been expended in the areas of facilitation and Group Support Systems, with a view to improving the efficiency and effectiveness of meetings. One area involves the development of database systems to capture information in support of meeting and organizational memory. Uses of such information include updating members of a group on issues discussed at meetings from which they were absent, and passing on information to a new individual taking on an existing role. These memory systems have to date been . somewhat limited in their expressiveness as they are based in textual data. The rich record video provides makes it a likely medium to more effectively support meeting memory. However, raw video is not easily searchable, and some form of indexing is needed to facilitate later retrieval. These indices are provided through an annotation process. Since manual annotation of video is a long, difficult and potentially error-prone task even when using a computerized annotation tool, automated support for annotation is desirable, and forms the subject of this work. Derived from the facilitation and multimedia literatures, a model based on the concept of automatic video annotation is proposed. This model facilitates the indexing and retrieval of multimedia data from meetings conducted with Group Support System (GSS). A prototype system, Semi-Automatic Video Annotation Tool (SAVANT), was developed in conformance with this model. SAVANT uses domain knowledge of meetings and video to provide first-level annotations of GSS meetings based on the computer logs generated by the GSS. These annotations can be used on their own or to facilitate further manual annotation. The research reported in this thesis (1) develops a model for semi-automatic annotation support that extends the concept of meeting memory to provide knowledge-based support for multimedia information; (2) proposes a channel-based approach to annotation automation and demonstrates this approach through the implementation of a prototype of the GSS Log channel; and (3) demonstrates the feasibility of automating annotation support for GSS meetings by conducting a field test. The field test involved real-time multimedia data capture from a real-life meeting situation using an existing GSS (MeetingPlace), integrating that information with the log captured from that GSS meeting, and showing how different researchers or annotators could use that log in conjunction with a semi-automated annotation tool to aid in their further analysis of the events from such a meeting.
Spatially Compact Solutions and Stabilization in Einstein-Yang-Mills-Higgs Theories
Creators: name: Forgacs, Peter
name: Reuillon, Sebastien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: New solutions to the static, spherically symmetric Einstein-Yang-Mills-Higgs equations with the Higgs field in the triplet resp. doublet representation are presented. They form continuous families parametrized by $α=M_W/M_Pl$ ($M_W$ resp. $M_Pl$ denoting the W-boson resp. the Planck mass). The corresponding spacetimes are regular and have spatially compact sections. A particularly interesting class with the Yang-Mills amplitude being nodeless is exhibited and is shown to be linearly stable with respect to spherically symmetric perturbations. For some solutions with nodes of the Yang-Mills amplitude a new stabilization phenomenon is found, according to which their unstable modes disappear as $α$ increases (for the triplet) or decreases (for the doublet).
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
CALCAREOUS PLANKTON BIOSTRATIGRAPHY AND AGE OF THE MIDDLE MIOCENE DEPOSITS OF LONGANO FORMATION (EASTERN MATESE MOUNTAINS, SOUTHERN APENNINES)
Creators: name: LIRER, FABRIZIO
name: PERSICO, DAVIDE
name: VIGORITO, MARIO
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2005

description: The integrated calcareous plankton biostratigraphy (planktonic foraminifera and calcareous nannofossils) and an accurate fieldwork, allowed us the reconstruction of the sedimentary evolution of the Longano Formation (Orbulina Marls). In particular the correlation between the bioevents recognised in the Orbulina Marls sequence and those recorded in astronomically calibrated Middle Miocene sections, offered the possibility to date the passage from the shallow-water Cusano Formation to the deep-water deposits of the Longano Formation at about 13.21 Ma and the successive onset of terrigenous deposits of the Pietraroia Formation at 10.54 Ma. In addition, an high resolution study of the terrigenous sequence, showed that this sedimentary event is not abrupt but it is characterised by a progressive increase, bed by bed, of the siliciclastic fraction up to the deposition of the sandstones. The recognition in all the studied sections of the base of the first Acme (AB1) of Paragloborotalia siakensis dated at 13.21 Ma, just above the phosphate-rich interval (this interval marks the transition between Cusano and Longano Formations), proved that the transgression which led to the deposition of the Orbulina Marls was synchronous in all the south-eastern Matese Mountains.
description: Rivista italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia, Vol 111, No 1
Optimization over Integers with Robustness in Cost and Few Constraints
Creators: name: Goetzmann, Kai-Simon
name: Stiller, Sebastian
name: Telha, Claudio
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: 510 Mathematik
subject: robust optimization
subject: integer programming
subject: Unbounded Knapsack

description: Robust optimization is an approach for optimization under uncertainty that has recently attracted attention both from theory and practitioners. While there is an elaborate and powerful machinery for continuous robust optimization problems, results on robust combinatorial optimization and robust linear integer programs are still rare and hardly general. In a seminal paper Bertsimas and Sim (2003) show that for an arbitrary, linear 0-1-problem, over which one can optimize, one can also optimize the cost-robust counterpart. They explicitly note that this method is confined to binary problems. We present a result of this type for general integer programs. Further, we extend the result to integer programs with uncertainty in one constraint.
Appendix S1 from Interactions between soil and other environmental variables modulate forest expansion and ecotone dynamics in humid savannas of Central Africa
Creators: name: Sagang Takougoum, Le Bienfaiteur
name: Tcheferi, Imma
name: Ploton, Pierre
name: Libalah, Moses
name: Simo-Droissart, Murielle
name: Sirri, Nelly
name: Dauby, Gilles
name: Ngansop, Eric
name: Bissek, Jean Pierre
name: Mofack, Gislain II
name: Zebaze, Donatien
name: Djonko, Fabrice
name: Leblanc, Hugo
name: Sonké, Bonaventure
name: Barbier, Nicolas
name: Couteron, Pierre
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 310399
subject: Ecology not elsewhere classified

description: Correlation matrix (a) and contribution of soil and supplementary environmental variables
Radio and millimeter observations of z~2 luminous QSOs
Creators: name: Petric, A.
name: Carilli, C. L.
name: Bertoldi, F.
name: Beelen, A.
name: Cox, P.
name: Omont, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present Very Large Array observations at 1.4 and 5 GHz of a sample of 16 quasi-stellar objects (QSOs) at z = 1.78 to 2.71. Half of the chosen quasars are bright at mm wavelengths (250 or 350 GHz) while the other half were not detected at mm wavelengths; the former QSOs were detected at 1.4 GHz, in most cases at high significance (S/N > ~7), but only three of the latter sources were detected at radio frequencies, and only at lower significance (S/N ~ 3). The data are consistent with a correlation between the mm and radio fluxes indicating a physical connection between the mechanisms responsible for the radio and mm emission. However, this conclusion is based on data which includes many upper limits, and deeper observations are clearly needed to verify this correlation. All eight mm detected QSOs are detected in the radio continuum, with radio flux densities consistent with the radio-to-FIR correlation for low z star forming galaxies. However, four of these have flatter spectral indices than is typical for star forming galaxies (i.e. greater than -0.5) suggesting that radiation from the central AGN dominates the observed radio emission. All the sources detected at 1.4 GHz are spatially unresolved, with the size limits typically < 1'' = 6 kpc. High star formation rate galaxies at low redshift are typically nuclear starbursts, with sizes < 1 kpc. Hence, the current radio size limits are insufficient to constrain the emission model (AGN or starburst).
description: accepted for publication in AJ
A REVISION OF THE PLIOCENE NATICIDS OF NORTHERN AND CENTRAL ITALY. I. THE SUBFAMILY NATICINAE EXCEPT TECTONATICA
Creators: name: PEDRIALI, LUCA
name: ROBBA, ELIO
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2005

description: The present paper is the first in a series devoted to the revision of the Pliocene naticids of Northern and Central Italy. It recovers some previously disregarded but valid species and expands the number of naticine taxa (Tectonatica excluded) from four to twelve. Of these, one belongs to the genus Natica Scopoli, 1777, the others are assigned to the genus Cochlis Röding, 1798 which is reused herein for the first time after more than one century. The vast material examined (personal and museum collections) has allowed to analyze all shell and opercular characters, in terms of range of variation and significance in species recognition. The study demonstrates that the morphological characters of the teleoconch, such as the height of the spire, the suture, the umbilical features and the sculpture (subsutural axial wrinkles), are diagnostic only in some instances as it happens with the color. The operculum stands as the most significant diagnostic element in that is species-specific and, thence, sufficient to recognize each taxon. The protoconch is relevant as well to distinguish several, but not all species. The characters which are necessary and/or sufficient for the identification of the species considered in this study are summarized in the conclusive remarks. All the twelve taxa considered in this study are described and commented in the systematic account. One species, Cochlis sulcogradata, and one subspecies, Cochlis raropunctata obliquicallosa, are proposed as new.
description: Rivista italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia, Vol 111, No 1
Elicitation of verb paradigms from unpublished Goddard material
Creators: name: Parker, Verdena
name: Spence, Justin
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: hup

description: Audio file VP-050919-08: Verb paradigm elicitation based on unpublished material transcribed by P.E. Goddard (Bancroft Library CU-23.1 12.14.1, file 2184-12 (4).pdf).
Strong chiral dichroism in above threshold ionization and ionization rates from locally-chiral light
Creators: name: Neufeld, Ofer
name: Hübener, Hannes
name: Rubio, Angel
name: De Giovannini, Umberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive here a new highly selective photoelectron-based chirality-sensing technique that utilizes 'locally-chiral' laser pulses. We show that this approach results in strong chiral discrimination, where the standard forwards/backwards asymmetry of photoelectron circular dichroism (PECD) is lifted. The resulting dichroism is much larger and more robust than conventional PECD, is found in all hemispheres, and is not symmetric or antisymmetric with respect to any symmetry operator. Remarkably, a CD of up to 10% survives in the angularly-integrated above-threshold ionization (ATI) spectra, and of up to 5% in the total ionization rates. We demonstrate these results through ab-initio calculations in the chiral molecules Bromochlorofluoromethane, Limonene, Fenchone, and Camphor. We also explore the parameter-space of the locally-chiral field and show that the observed CD is strongly correlated to the degree of chirality of the light, validating it as a measure for chiral-interaction strengths. Our results pave the way for highly selective probing of ultrafast chirality in ATI, can potentially lead to all-optical enantio-separation, and motivate the use of locally-chiral light for enhancing ultrafast spectroscopies.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures
Grand canonical Gutzwiller approximation for magnetic inhomogeneous systems
Creators: name: Fukushima, Noboru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Gutzwiller approximation (GA) for Gutzwiller-projected grand canonical wave functions with fugacity factors is investigated in detail. Our systems in general contain inhomogeneity and local magnetic moments. In deriving renormalization formulae, we also derive or estimate terms of higher powers of intersite contractions neglected in the conventional GA. We examine several different constraints, i.e., local/global spin-dependent/independent particle-number conservation. Out of the four, the local spin-dependent constraint seems the most promising at present. An improved GA derived from it agrees with the variational Monte Carlo method better than the conventional GA does. The corrections to the conventional GA can be interpreted as two-site correlation including the phase difference of configurations. Furthermore, projected quasi-particle excited states are orthogonal to each other within the GA. Using these states, spectral weights are calculated. We show that asymmetry between electron addition and removal spectra can appear by taking into account the higher powers of the intersite contractions in the case of the d-wave superconductors and the Fermi sea; the addition is smaller than the removal. However, the asymmetry is quite weak especially near the Fermi level. In contrast, projected s-wave superconductors can have the opposite asymmetry (addition larger than removal) especially near the Fermi level. In addition, formulae from the other three constraints are also derived, which may be useful depending on purposes.
description: 18 pages. 8 figures added. Sec.II B, Sec.III F G H, Sec.IV G mainly revised
Discrete Math with Programming: A Principled Approach
Creators: name: Liu, Yanhong A.
name: Castelllana, Matthew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Discrete mathematics is the foundation of computer science. It focuses on concepts and reasoning methods that are studied using math notations. It has long been argued that discrete math is better taught with programming, which takes concepts and computing methods and turns them into executable programs. What has been lacking is a principled approach that supports all central concepts of discrete math -- especially predicate logic -- and that directly and precisely connects math notations with executable programs. This paper introduces such an approach. It is based on the use of a powerful language that extends the Python programming language with proper logic quantification ("for all" and "exists some"), as well as declarative set comprehension (also known as set builder) and aggregation (e.g., sum and product). Math and logical statements can be expressed precisely at a high level and be executed directly on a computer, encouraging declarative programming together with algorithmic programming. We describe the approach, detailed examples, experience in using it, and the lessons learned.
BIOEROSION SCARS OF ACORN BARNACLES FROM THE SOUTHWESTERN IBERIAN PENINSULA, UPPER NEOGENE
Creators: name: SANTOS, ANA
name: , MAYORAL
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2005

description: New etching trace fossils produced by the attachment of balanid barnacles on fossil molluscs, mainly bivalves, from the Upper Miocene of Cacela (southern Portugal) and Lower Pliocene of Huelva (southwestern Spain) are described. These traces are named as Anellusichnus igen. n. due to the ring-like shape of the scars. Two ichnospecies are recognized: A. circularis n. isp., consisting in a circular scar defined by a discoloured area or by a circular to subcircular trench and A. undulatus n. isp. that has a sinuous perimeter reflecting the undulate pathway of the furrow and a flat shelf etched into the substrate. Within the outer furrow both can display a cluster of circular, oval or subpolygonal concentric lines. A. undulatus n. isp. shows several morphologies that correspond to different ontogenetic stages.

SHORT NOTE
description: Rivista italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia, Vol 111, No 1
Homogeneous cosmologies from the quasi-Maxwell formalism
Creators: name: Costa, Joao
name: Natario, Jose
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show how to use the quasi-Maxwell formalism to obtain solutions of Einstein's field equations corresponding to homogeneous cosmologies - namely Einstein's universe, Godel's universe and the Ozsvath-Farnsworth-Kerr class I solutions - written in frames for which the associated observers are stationary.
description: 15 pages, references added
The light of learning: design and siting of Rawlins Elementary School, Fraser Riverfront Park, Vancouver, BC
Creators: name: Coleman, Graham Cameron
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: "The Light of Learning-siting and designing a regionally appropriate elementary school." Every place on earth is uniquely composed of various phenomena, such as climate, topography, qualities of light, latitude, ambient moisture levels, etc. We are each profoundly affected by the unique way these general qualities combine in our particular region, and Norberg-Schultz argues that this connection begins at a very young age. It allows us to know our place in the world, to orient ourselves, and to find our "home." Here on the West Coast, one of the most powerful characteristics of place is the quality of our regional light: which fluctuates from a warm August Yellow, to a low winter white. In summer our skies are broad, blue and bounded only by the mountains and sea. During the rainy season, ambient moisture turns the air solid, as white light ebbs and flows through the cedar boughs and around our buildings. Through the design of an elementary school sited on the north bank of the Fraser River Estuary, I attempt to explore how one makes "place"-in this case a place of learning-which is both responsive to site and appropriate to the unique characteristics of region. During my design process the qualities of Regional Light remain the principal generative tool, with the central circulation spine acting as an organizing light scoop/stack ventilation, and each classroom pod bringing natural light in on at least two sides to create a non-glare learning environment. Other key considerations are the programmatic need for dual school/public access to the site, the reintroduction of natural habitat from the adjacent river-front park, and a respect for the layers of history which have shaped the site before its current zoning as an elementary school.
DEVELOPING PRIMARY SCHOOL STUDENTS' GENERAL CULTURAL COMPETENCE IN UPBRINGING LESSONS THROUGH A COLLABORATIVE APPROACH
Creators: name: Raximova, Shoxsanam
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: This article explores the role of collaborative approaches in fostering general cultural competence among primary school students during upbringing lessons. In an increasingly globalized world, cultivating cultural awareness, ethical values, and social adaptability at an early age is crucial. Collaborative methods, including group projects, discussions, role-playing, and interdisciplinary integration, create a dynamic environment for students to internalize moral norms, national traditions, and global cultural diversity. The study analyzes effective pedagogical strategies, highlights the teacher's role as a facilitator, and emphasizes the importance of family and community involvement. It concludes that a collaborative approach enhances students' ability to interact respectfully in multicultural settings, thus contributing to their holistic development.
JURASSIC PALEONTOLOGICAL HERITAGE OF MURCIA (BETIC CORDILLERA, SOUTH-EASTERN SPAIN)
Creators: name: ROMERO, GREGORIO
name: SANDOVAL, JOSÉ
name: CARACUEL, JESÚS
name: ÁNGEL MANCHEÑO, MIGUEL
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2004

description: Jurassic rocks of the External and Internal Zones of the Betic Cordillera are widespread in the province of Murcia. Four areas are considered of special interest for stratigraphical and paleontological analysis: a) Sierra Quípar and b) Sierras Lúgar-Corque (External Subbetic), c) Sierra Ricote (Median Subbetic) and d) Sierra Espuña (Malaguide Complex). The first two contain Jurassic sections including Sinemurian-Tithonian deposits, and major stratigraphic discontinuities, containing significant cephalopod concentrations of taphonomic and taxonomic interest, occuring in the Lower-Upper Pliensbachian, Lower/Middle Jurassic and Middle/Upper Jurassic boundaries. These areas are also relevant for biostratigraphical analysis of the Middle-Upper Jurassic interval. In the Sierra de Ricote, the Mahoma section is of especial interest for the study of Lías/Dogger transition. Casa Chimeneas section constitutes the best Subbetic site for the analysis of the Lower/Upper Bajocian boundary. In the La Bermeja-Casas de Vite area, the Bajocian-Tithonian interval is well-represented, including a parastratotype of the Radiolarite Jarropa Formation. Finally, the Malvariche section in Sierra Espuña represents the best Jurassic succession of Internal Zones of the Betic Cordillera and could be considered as a reference section for this Betic Domain. In this paper a heritage evaluation has been carried out for these classical jurassic sections with the object of protecting these sites according to the legal framework prevailing in the province of Murcia.
description: Rivista italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia, Vol 110, No 1
Sarita Mahicha1, Monika karnani2, Sheela choudhary3, Manju4 and Anisha5
Creators: name: Sarita Mahicha1, Monika karnani2, Sheela choudhary3, Manju4 and Anisha5
Publisher: name: The Science world a Monthly e magazine
Year: 2024

description: Milk fever, a metabolic disorder occurrence increased during parturition due to sudden increase in calcium requirement for production of milk and colostrum. High cation diets can cause milk fever in dairy cows as they induce a metabolic alkalosis reducing the ability of the cow to maintain calcium homeostasis at the onset of lactation. Adding anions to the diet can offset the effect of the high cation forages by inducing a mild metabolic acidosis, restoring the ability to maintain calcium homeostasis. The PTH also play important role in maintaining calcium homeostasis. The calcium homeostasis can be managed by maintaining nutritional management of feeding like oral drenching of calcium, feeding of acidifying ration, feeding of prepartum vitamin D, low calcium diet in advanced pregnancy and also can provide additional supplementation of minerals.
SUSY breaking by a metastable ground state: Why the early Universe preferred the non-supersymmetric vacuum
Creators: name: Abel, Steven A.
name: Chu, Chong-Sun
name: Jaeckel, Joerg
name: Khoze, Valentin V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Supersymmetry breaking in a metastable vacuum is re-examined in a cosmological context. It is shown that thermal effects generically drive the Universe to the metastable minimum even if it begins in the supersymmetry-preserving one. This is a generic feature of the ISS models of metastable supersymmetry breaking due to the fact that SUSY preserving vacua contain fewer light degrees of freedom than the metastable ground state at the origin. These models of metastable SUSY breaking are thus placed on an equal footing with the more usual dynamical SUSY breaking scenarios.
description: 17 pages, 3 figures, v3: References added, minor corrections
Isotopic abundances of carbon and nitrogen in Jupiter-family and Oort Cloud comets
Creators: name: Hutsemekers, D.
name: Manfroid, J.
name: Jehin, E.
name: Arpigny, C.
name: Cochran, A.
name: Schulz, R.
name: Stuwe, J. A.
name: Zucconi, J. -M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The 12C14N/12C15N and 12C14N/13C14N isotopic ratios are determined for the first time in a Jupiter-family comet, 88P/1981 Q1 Howell, and in the chemically peculiar Oort Cloud comet C/1999 S4 (LINEAR). By comparing these measurements to previous ones derived for six other Oort Cloud comets (including one of Halley-type), we find that both the carbon and nitrogen isotopic ratios are constant within the uncertainties. The mean values are 12C/13C ~ 90 and 14N/15N \~ 145 for the eight comets. These results strengthen the view that CN radicals originate from refractory organics formed in the protosolar molecular cloud and subsequently incorporated in comets.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A letters
Linear preselective policies for stochastic project scheduling
Creators: name: Möhring, Rolf H.
name: Stork, Frederik
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: 510 Mathematik
subject: resource-constrained project scheduling
subject: random processing times
subject: scheduling policies
subject: AND/OR precedence constraints

description: In the context of stochastic resource-constrained project scheduling we introduce a novel class of scheduling policies, the linear preselective policies. They combine the benefits of preselective policies and priority policies; two classes that are well known from both deterministic and stochastic scheduling. We study several properties of this new class of policies which indicate its usefulness for computational purposes. Based on a new representation of preselective policies as AND/OR precedence constraints we derive efficient algorithms for computing earliest job start times and state a necessary and sufficient dominance criterion for preselective policies. A computational experiment based on 480 instances empirically validates the theoretical findings.
Modular Verification of JML Contracts Using Bounded Model Checking
Creators: name: Beckert, Bernhard
name: Kirsten, Michael
name: Klamroth, Jonas
name: Ulbrich, Mattias
Publisher: name: Springer
Year: 2020
Subjects: Software verification
Modular design
Design by contract
Software bounded model checking

description: There are two paradigms for dealing with complex verification targets: Modularization using contract-based specifications and whole-program analysis. In this paper, we present an approach bridging the gap between the two paradigms, introducing concepts from the world of contract-based deductive verification into the domain of software bounded model checking. We present a transformation that takes Java programs annotated with contracts written in the Java Modeling Language and turns them into Java programs that can be read by the bounded model checker JBMC. A central idea of the translation is to make use of nondeterministic value assignments to eliminate JML quantifiers. We have implemented our approach and discuss an evaluation, which shows the advantages of the presented approach.
Transport properties of superfluid phonons in neutron stars
Creators: name: Manuel, Cristina
name: Tolos, Laura
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review the effective field theory associated with the superfluid phonons that we use for the study of transport properties in the core of superfluid neutrons stars in their low temperature regime. We then discuss the shear and bulk viscosities together with the thermal conductivity coming from the collisions of superfluid phonons in neutron stars. With regard to shear, bulk, and thermal transport coefficients, the phonon collisional processes are obtained in terms of the equation of state and the superfluid gap. We compare the shear coefficient due to the interaction among superfluid phonons with other dominant processes in neutron stars, such as electron collisions. We also analyze the possible consequences for the r-mode instability in neutron stars. As for the bulk viscosities, we determine that phonon collisions contribute decisively to the bulk viscosities inside neutron stars. For the thermal conductivity resulting from phonon collisions, we find that it is temperature independent well below the transition temperature. We also obtain that the thermal conductivity due to superfluid phonons dominates over the one resulting from electron-muon interactions once phonons are in the hydrodynamic regime. As the phonons couple to the $Z$ electroweak gauge boson, we estimate the associated neutrino emissivity. We also briefly comment on how the superfluid phonon interactions are modified in the presence of a gravitational field or in a moving background.
description: 23 pages, 9 figures, invited short review for the Special Issue 'Superfluidity and Superconductivity in Neutron Stars' of Universe MDPI Journal
randExtract: a Reference Library to Test and Validate Privacy Amplification Implementations
Creators: name: Hänggi, Esther
name: Méndez Veiga, Iyán
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: randextract
Privacy Amplification
Randomness
Extractors
Quantum Cryptography

description: Classical post-processing is a crucial step in any quantum key distribution and quantum randomness generation protocol. In particular, privacy amplification guarantees that a protocol is ε-secure or, in other words, that the output is independent and uniform from an attacker's point of view, except with an arbitrary small probability ε. That is one of the reasons why all quantum cryptographic protocols always require and assume reliable classical computation. Although there has been a lot of theoretical work in this field, and practical algorithm are known, there is still not an off-the-shelf library that is open source, well documented and whose correctness can easily be verified. Instead, labs and commercialized devices used, most of the time, their own high-performance implementations using accelerators such as GPUs or FPGAs. This makes it difficult for end users or other researchers to validate the privacy amplification step. In this poster we present randExtract, a Python package we have developed that implements the most used randomness extractors in current experiments QKD experiments. Our goal is to make a reference implementation whose code is easy to read and audit, and provide a simple interface to test and validate other high-performance implementations. We demonstrate this by testing a Rust and a GPU implementation of the Toeplitz hashing extractor, and the C++ implementation of the Trevisan's extractor, both used in actual experiments.
description: + ID der Publikation: hslu_106662 + Art des Beitrages: Poster-Präsentation + Sprache: Englisch + Letzte Aktualisierung: 2024-10-09 14:22:08
Developing and publishing strong empirical research in sustainability management - adressing the intersection of theory, method, and empirical field
Creators: name: Seuring, Stefan
name: Stella, Tara
name: Stella, Mareike
Publisher: name: Universität Kassel
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: theory
subject: method
subject: empirical research
subject: sustainability management
subject: relevance of research
subject: 330
subject: Nachhaltigkeit
subject: Management
subject: Forschung
subject: Methode
subject: Empirische Forschung

description: Gefördert durch den Publikationsfonds der Universität Kassel
Report on additional case studies (D3.8)
Creators: name: Gebel, Martin
name: Veldwijk, Jorien
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Patient Preference

description: The objective of Task 3.8 was to conduct prospective case studies additional to the three core case studies in PREFER. Within this task, four industry-led case studies were conducted in disease areas related to Myocardial infarction, Chronic pain, Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and Hemophilia. Additionally, four case studies were conducted led by academia in disease areas related to Diabetes, Hemophilia, Multiple Myeloma and Rheumatoid Arthritis. These additional studies cover several decision points of different stakeholders in the medical product lifecycle. Also, they cover a large number of PREFER methodological research questions from comparison of Discrete Choice Experiments with Best-Worst-Scaling and Swing weighting as well as variations across patient groups and the assessment of educational tools. This report describes the main characteristics of the 8 additional case studies and contains summaries of all studies.
Spectral Scaling in Complex Networks
Creators: name: Estrada, Ernesto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A complex network is said to show topological isotropy if the topological structure around a particular node looks the same in all directions of the whole network. Topologically anisotropic networks are those where the local neighborhood around a node is not reproduced at large scale for the whole network. The existence of topological isotropy is investigated by the existence of a power-law scaling between a local and a global topological characteristic of complex networks obtained from graph spectra. We investigate this structural characteristic of complex networks and its consequences for 32 real-world networks representing informational, technological, biological, social and ecological systems.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures
In-flight calibration system of Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer
Creators: name: Ferrazzoli, Riccardo
name: Muleri, Fabio
name: Lefevre, Carlo
name: Morbidini, Alfredo
name: Amici, Fabrizio
name: Brienza, Daniele
name: Costa, Enrico
name: Del Monte, Ettore
name: Di Marco, Alessandro
name: Di Persio, Giuseppe
name: Donnarumma, Immacolata
name: Fabiani, Sergio
name: La Monaca, Fabio
name: Loffredo, Pasqualino
name: Maiolo, Luca
name: Maita, Francesco
name: Piazzolla, Raffaele
name: Ramsey, Brian
name: Rankin, John
name: Ratheesh, Ajay
name: Rubini, Alda
name: Sarra, Paolo
name: Soffitta, Paolo
name: Tobia, Antonino
name: Xie, Fei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The NASA/ASI Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer, which will be launched in 2021, will be the first instrument to perform spatially resolved X-ray polarimetry on several astronomical sources in the 2-8 keV energy band. These measurements are made possible owing to the use of a gas pixel detector (GPD) at the focus of three X-ray telescopes. The GPD allows simultaneous measurements of the interaction point, energy, arrival time, and polarization angle of detected X-ray photons. The increase in sensitivity, achieved 40 years ago, for imaging and spectroscopy with the Einstein satellite will thus be extended to X-ray polarimetry for the first time. The characteristics of gas multiplication detectors are subject to changes over time. Because the GPD is a novel instrument, it is particularly important to verify its performance and stability during its mission lifetime. For this purpose, the spacecraft hosts a filter and calibration set (FCS), which includes both polarized and unpolarized calibration sources for performing in-flight calibration of the instruments. In this study, we present the design of the flight models of the FCS and the first measurements obtained using silicon drift detectors and CCD cameras, as well as those obtained in thermal vacuum with the flight units of the GPD. We show that the calibration sources successfully assess and verify the functionality of the GPD and validate its scientific results in orbit; this improves our knowledge of the behavior of these detectors in X-ray polarimetry.
description: 22 pages, 16 figures, published on Journal of Astronomical Telescopes, Instruments, and Systems
Das Porvoo-Dokument als Grundlage anglikanisch-lutherischer Kirchengemeinschaft im nördlichen Europa
Creators: name: Gassmann, Günther
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 44 Nr. 2 (1995): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 44, Heft 2
Testing different stellar mass estimators at 1
Creators: name: Longhetti, Marcella
name: Saracco, Paolo
name: Mignano, Arturo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Physical parameters of galaxies (as luminosity, stellar mass, age) are often derived by means of the model templates which best fit their spectro-photometric data. We have performed a quantitative test aimed at exploring the ability of this procedure in recovering the physical parameters of early-type galaxies at 1
description: 4 pages, 2 figures. To appear in the proceedings of `A Century of Cosmology', S. Servolo, August 2007, to be published in Il Nuovo Cimento
Genealogy of a Wright-Fisher model with strong seed bank component
Creators: name: Blath, Jochen
name: Eldon, Bjarki
name: González Casanova, Adrin
name: Kurt, Noemi
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: 510 Mathematik
subject: rroblems related to evolution
subject: renewal theory

description: We investigate the behaviour of the genealogy of a Wright-Fisher population model under the influence of a strong seed-bank effect. More precisely, we consider a simple seed-bank age distribution with two atoms, leading to either classical or long genealogical jumps (the latter modeling the effect of seed-dormancy). We assume that the length of these long jumps scales like a power $N^\beta$ of the original population size $N$, thus giving rise to a `strong' seed-bank effect. For a certain range of $\beta$, we prove that the ancestral process of a sample of $n$ individuals converges under a non-classical time-scaling to Kingman's $n-$coalescent. Further, for a wider range of parameters, we analyze the time to the most recent common ancestor of two individuals analytically and by simulation.
Electrically controllable cyclotron resonance
Creators: name: Zabolotnykh, A. A.
name: Volkov, V. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cyclotron resonance (CR) is considered one of the fundamental phenomena in conducting systems. In this paper, we study CR in a gated two-dimensional (2D) electron system (ES). Namely, we analyze the absorption of electromagnetic radiation incident normal to the gated 2DES, where a standard dielectric substrate separates the 2D electron sheet and the metallic steering electrode ("gate"); the whole system is placed in the perpendicular magnetic field. Our analysis reveals the redshift of the absorption peak frequency compared to the electron cyclotron frequency. The redshift appears in low-frequency regime, when the resonant frequency is much less than the frequency of Fabry-Perot modes in natural resonator "2D electron sheet - substrate - gate". Moreover, we find this shift to be dependent on the electron density of 2DES. Therefore, it can be controlled by varying the gate voltage. We predict that the shift can be large in realistic gated or back-gated 2DESs. The obtained controllability of CR in gated 2DES opens the door for exploring new physics and applications of this phenomenon.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures
Disordered ultracold atomic gases in optical lattices: A case study of Fermi-Bose mixtures
Creators: name: Ahufinger, V.
name: Sanchez-Palencia, L.
name: Kantian, A.
name: Sanpera, A.
name: Lewenstein, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a review of properties of ultracold atomic Fermi-Bose mixtures in inhomogeneous and random optical lattices. In the strong interacting limit and at very low temperatures, fermions form, together with bosons or bosonic holes, {\it composite fermions}. Composite fermions behave as a spinless interacting Fermi gas, and in the presence of local disorder they interact via random couplings and feel effective random local potential. This opens a wide variety of possibilities of realizing various kinds of ultracold quantum disordered systems. In this paper we review these possibilities, discuss the accessible quantum disordered phases, and methods for their detection. The discussed quantum phases include Fermi glasses, quantum spin glasses, "dirty" superfluids, disordered metallic phases, and phases involving quantum percolation.
description: 29 pages and 11 figures
Variational Analysis of the Coupling Between a Geometrically Exact Cosserat Rod and an Elastic Continuum
Creators: name: Sander, Oliver
name: Schiela, Anton
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: 510 Mathematik
subject: coupling conditions
subject: energy minimization
subject: Cosserat rod
subject: hyperelastic material

description: We formulate the static mechanical coupling of a geometrically exact Cosserat rod to a nonlinearly elastic continuum. In this setting, appropriate coupling conditions have to connect a one-dimensional model with director variables to a three-dimensional model without directors. Two alternative coupling conditions are proposed, which correspond to two different configuration trace spaces. For both we show existence of solutions of the coupled problems, using the direct method of the calculus of variations. From the first-order optimality conditions we also derive the corresponding conditions for the dual variables. These are then interpreted in mechanical terms.
New thought experiment to test the generalized second law of thermodynamics
Creators: name: Matsas, George E. A.
name: da Silva, Andre R. Rocha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose an extension of the original thought experiment proposed by Geroch, which sparked much of the actual debate and interest on black hole thermodynamics, and show that the generalized second law of thermodynamics is in compliance with it.
description: 4 pages (revtex), 3 figures
Some Recent Results on Neutrino Oscillations in Hypercritical Accretion
Creators: name: Suárez, Juan David Uribe
name: Rueda, Jorge Armando
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The study of neutrino flavour oscillations in astrophysical sources has been boosted in the last two decades thanks to achievements in experimental neutrino physics and observational astronomy. We here discuss two cases of interest in the modelling of short and long gamma-ray bursts (GRBs): hypercritical, i.e. highly super-Eddington spherical/disk accretion onto a neutron star (NS)/black hole (BH). We show that in both systems the ambient conditions of density and temperature imply the occurrence of neutrino flavour oscillations, with a relevant role of neutrino self-interactions.
description: 13 pages, 22 figures. Published in Astronomische Nachrichten (AN) journal. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1909.01841, arXiv:1712.07210
Work distribution functions for hysteresis loops in a single-spin system
Creators: name: Marathe, Rahul
name: Dhar, Abhishek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the distribution of the work done in driving a single Ising spin with a time-dependent magnetic field. Using Glauber dynamics we perform Monte-Carlo simulations to find the work distributions at different driving rates. We find that in general the work-distributions are broad with a significant probability for processes with negative dissipated work. The special cases of slow and fast driving rates are studied analytically. We verify that various work fluctuation theorems corresponding to equilibrium initial states are satisfied while a steady state version is not.
description: 9 pages, 15 figures
title: Exploring external factors affecting the intention-behavior gap when trying to adopt a sustainable diet: a think aloud study
Creators: name: Fink, Leonie
name: Strassner, Carola
name: Ploeger, Angelika
Publisher: name: Universität Kassel
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: intention-behavior gap
subject: sustainable diet
subject: think aloud
subject: nutrition behavior
subject: behavioral factors
subject: sustainable food systems
subject: 630
subject: Verhaltensforschung
subject: Nachhaltigkeit
subject: Ernährung
subject: Ernährungsgewohnheit

description: Gefördert durch den Publikationsfonds der Universität Kassel