cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Sakaila africana Manning and Holthuis 1981
Creators: name: Martin, Joel W.
name: Godwin, Scott
name: Moffitt, Robert
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Malacostraca
Decapoda
Aethridae
Sakaila
Sakaila africana

description: Sakaila africana Manning and Holthuis, 1981
 This species was described based on two specimens from off west Africa, one male (the holotype) collected off Annabon Island (station 284, Pillsbury Material) at a depth of 73 m (Fig. 10) and a second male collected off Gabon (station 235, Geronimo material) at a depth of 100 m (Manning and Holthuis, 1981: 325). The species had been confused for many years with Osachila stimpsoni Studer, 1833, and had been described as that species by Monod (1956) and by Guinot (1966, 1967) (see remarks in Manning and Holthuis, 1981: 325). It is known from several localities along the coast of west Africa from depths of 65 to 132 m (Guinot and Forest, 1966; Manning and Holthuis, 1981). The male holotype (RMNH Crust. D. 31541) is housed in the Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Histoire, Leiden, The Netherlands; the male paratype (USNM 139766) is in the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. The first author examined the male paratype, which consists only of the carapace and abdomen (no appendages) and found that it agrees well with the original description and illustrations of the holotype given by Manning and Holthuis (1981) (figure repeated here as our Fig. 10). The paratype, which is exactly half the size of the holotype (CL 11.5 mm, CW 15 mm, vs. CL 22 mm and CW 30 mm for the holotype female), is noticeably more toothed on the lateral and posterolateral borders of the carapace.
description: Published as part of Martin, Joel W., Godwin, Scott & Moffitt, Robert, 2009, Additions to the decapod crustacean fauna of the Hawaiian Islands, I. A review of the genus Sakaila Manning and Holthuis, 1981 (Decapoda, Brachyura, Aethridae), with the description of a new species from the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands, pp. 25-44 in Zootaxa 2018 on page 41
The Marginal External Cost of Obesity in the United States
Creators: name: Parks, Joanna C.
name: Alston, Julian M.
name: Okrent, Abigail M.
name: Parks, Joanna C.
name: Alston, Julian M.
name: Okrent, Abigail M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety

description: Over the past five decades in the United States both total medical expenditures and the proportion of medical expenditures financed with public funds have increased significantly. A substantial increase in the prevalence of obesity has contributed to this growth. In this study we measure the external cost of obesity, in the form of publicly funded health-care expenditures, and how this cost changes when the distribution of obesity in the population changes. We use a continuous measure of obesity, BMI, rather than discrete weight categories to represent the distribution of obesity and changes in it. We predict that a 1-unit increase in BMI for every adult in the United States would increase annual public medical expenditures by $38.7 billion. This estimated public cost equates to an average marginal cost of $175 per year per adult for a one unit change in BMI for each adult in the U.S. population. Separately, we estimate that if every U.S. adult who is now obese (BMI >=30) had a BMI of 25 instead, annual public medical expenditures would decline by $173.7 billion (in constant 2008$), or 17.2% of annual public medical expenditures in 2008. Assuming a socially optimal BMI of no more than 25, we estimate that the prevalence of obesity in 2008 resulted in a deadweight loss of $216.7 billion in 2008.
Constraints on Electron-quark Contact Interactions and Implications to models of leptoquarks and Extra Z Bosons
Creators: name: Cheung, Kingman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We update the global constraint on four-fermion $ee q q$ contact interactions. In this update, we included the published data of H1 and ZEUS for the 94--96 run in the $e^+ p$ mode and the newly published data of H1 for the 1999 run in the $e^- p$ mode. Other major changes are the new LEPII data on hadronic cross sections above 189 GeV, and the atomic parity violation measurement on Cesium because of a new and improved atomic calculation, which drives the data within $1σ$ of the standard model value. The global data do not show any evidence for contact interactions, and we obtain 95% C.L. limits on the compositeness scale. A limit of $Λ^{eu}_{LL+(-)} > 23 (12.5)$ TeV is obtained. Implications to models of leptoquarks and extra Z bosons are examined.
description: 10 pages, a clarification of notation and a reference are added
Unraveling the Excitation Spectrum of Many-Body Systems from Quantum Quenches
Creators: name: Villa, Louis
name: Despres, Julien
name: Sanchez-Palencia, Laurent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quenches are now routinely used in synthetic quantum systems to study a variety of fundamental effects, including ergodicity breaking, light-cone-like spreading of information, and dynamical phase transitions. It was shown recently that the dynamics of equal-time correlators may be related to ground-state phase transitions and some properties of the system excitations. Here, we show that the full low-lying excitation spectrum of a generic many-body quantum system can be extracted from the after-quench dynamics of equal-time correlators. We demonstrate it for a variety of one-dimensional lattice models amenable to exact numerical calculations, including Bose and spin models, with short- or long-range interactions. The approach also applies to higher dimensions, correlated fermions, and continuous models. We argue that it provides an alternative approach to standard pump-probe spectroscopic methods and discuss its advantages.
description: 4 + 7 pages
Solitonic D-branes and brane annihilation
Creators: name: Dvali, Gia
name: Vilenkin, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We point out some intriguing analogies between field theoretic solitons (topological defects) and D-branes. Annihilating soliton-antisoliton pairs can produce stable solitons of lower dimensionality. Solitons that localize massless gauge fields in their world volume automatically imply the existence of open flux tubes ending on them and closed flux tubes propagating in the bulk. We discuss some aspects of this localization on explicit examples of unstable wall-anti-wall systems. The annihilation of these walls can be described in terms of tachyon condensation which renders the world-volume gauge field non-dynamical. During this condensation the world volume gauge fields (open string states) are resonantly excited. These can later decay into closed strings, or get squeezed into a network flux tubes similar to a network of cosmic strings formed at a cosmological phase transition. Although, as in the $D$-brane case, perturbatively one can find exact time-dependent solutions, when the energy of the system stays localized in the plane of the original soliton, such solutions are unstable with respect to decay into open and closed string states. Thus, when a pair of such walls annihilates, the energy is carried away (at least) by closed string excitations (``glueballs''), which are the lowest energy excitations about the bulk vacuum. Suggested analogies can be useful for the understanding of the complicated D-brane dynamics and of the production of topological defects and reheating during brane collision in the early universe.
description: a typo corrected
Heavy Triplet Leptons and New Gauge Boson
Creators: name: Ma, Ernest
name: Roy, D. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A heavy triplet of leptons $(Σ^+, Σ^0, Σ^-)_R$ per family is proposed as the possible anchor of a small seesaw neutrino mass. A new U(1) gauge symmetry is then also possible, and the associated gauge boson $X$ may be discovered at or below the TeV scale. We discuss the phenomenology of this proposal, with and without possible constraints from the NuTeV and atomic parity violation experiments, which appear to show small discrepancies from the predictions of the standard model.
description: 20 pages including 4 figures
Chemical constituents from Urtica fissa stem and their inhibitory effects on α-glucosidase activity
Creators: name: Zhang, Ying
name: Liu, Jinzhao
name: Guo, Zixian
name: Li, Xiaobo
name: Wang, Mengyue
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biochemistry
Space Science
Pharmacology
Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: A new unsaturated fatty acid (E)-7,9-diene-11-carbonyl stearic acid (1) and a new lignan 8′-acetyl olivil (2), together with 14 known compounds (3–16), were isolated from the stem of Urtica fissa E. Pritz. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic and mass-spectrometric analyses. 8′-Acetyl olivil (2), (6 R,9R)-roseoside (15) and urticol-7-O-β-d-glucopyrannoside (16) exhibited significant inhibition on α-glucosidase activities, with IC50 values less than 9 μM.
Multi-Dimensional Responses to Risk Information: How do Winegrape Growers Respond to Disease Forecasts and to What Environmental Effect?
Creators: name: Lybbert, Travis J.
name: Magnan, Nicholas
name: Gubler, W. Douglas
name: Lybbert, Travis J.
name: Magnan, Nicholas
name: Gubler, W. Douglas
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: Risk
subject: Information
subject: Pesticides
subject: Disease
subject: Grapes

description: How and how well growers manage the risks inherent in agriculture have direct welfare implications for producers and consumers at both local and societal levels. While better weather, pest and disease forecast information are rapidly disseminating among producers and are often touted as promising inputs to production and risk management, little is known about how this new information actually shapes producer behavior in practice. Better forecast information can benefit growers by improving their capacity to manage disease and pests effectively, but we must jointly consider multiple margins of adjustment in order to properly understand their response to this improved information. Using the case of California winegrape growers and high resolution panel data that includes plot-level treatments for powdery mildew, we characterize growers’ response to a popular powdery mildew risk model that generates forecasts in the form of a daily risk index (PMI). Our analysis suggests that growers using the PMI adjust their powdery mildew management strategies along several margins of adjustment, including shifting from sulfur to more potent synthetic fungicides, increasing dosage rates, and using multiple products when the risk is high according to the PMI. The observed mix of these response adjustments varies by location and by output value. While field trials that only allow for treatment timing adjustments have suggested that the environmental benefits of the PMI could be substantially positive, our analysis of pesticide use risks to soil, surface water, groundwater, and air suggests that the net environmental impact of growers’ multi-dimensional response to the PMI may actually be negative.
Sommerfeld--type integrals for discrete diffraction problems
Creators: name: Shanin, A. V.
name: Korolkov, A. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Three problems for a discrete analogue of the Helmholtz equation are studied analytically using the plane wave decomposition and the Sommerfeld integral approach. They are: 1) the problem with a point source on an entire plane; 2) the problem of diffraction by a Dirichlet half-line; 3) the problem of diffraction by a Dirichlet right angle. It is shown that total field can be represented as an integral of an algebraic function over a contour drawn on some manifold. The latter is a torus. As the result, the explicit solutions are obtained in terms of recursive relations (for the Green's function), algebraic functions (for the half-line problem), or elliptic functions (for the right angle problem).
description: 36 pagse, 14 figures
Quality and productivity of teachers in selected puplic secondary schools in lower shabelle somalia.
Creators: name: Abdirahim, Aweis Said
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Quality
subject: Productivity
subject: Teachers
subject: Public Secondary Schools

description: Abstract

This thesis investigates teacher quality and productivity in public secondary schools in Lower-Shabelle, Somalia. The study aims to provide insights into the demographic profile, perceptions of teacher quality, factors influencing productivity, and recommendations for improvement. A mixed-methods approach was employed, involving surveys and interviews with teachers to gather data on demographics, educational qualifications, teaching experience, and perceptions of teacher quality and productivity. Key findings indicate a predominantly male respondent population (78.8%), with the majority aged between 20-29 years (80%) and holding bachelor's degrees (57.5%). Most teachers have less than 5 years of experience (47.5%), and a significant majority rated teacher quality in their schools as excellent (61.3%). Characteristics identified as crucial for high-quality teaching include content knowledge, classroom management skills, pedagogical expertise, and interpersonal skills. Teacher productivity was primarily defined by student learning outcomes (42.5%) and the quality of lessons taught (32.5%), influenced by factors such as student behavior and resource availability. Recommendations focus on enhancing professional development opportunities, improving teacher characteristics through targeted training, addressing classroom management challenges, ensuring adequate resource provision, fostering communication and collaboration among teachers, and implementing effective performance evaluation and feedback mechanisms. These findings and recommendations aim to guide policy-makers, educational leaders, and stakeholders in improving educational outcomes and fostering a supportive environment for teaching in public secondary schools in Lower-Shabelle, Somalia.
Effect of boulder shape on the response of compound meshes subject to dynamic impacts
Creators: name: Previtali, Marco
name: Ciantia, Matteo Oryem
name: Spadea, Saverio
name: Castellanza, Riccardo Pietro
name: Crosta, Giovanni Battista
Publisher: name: Loughborough University
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Rockfall is a type of natural hazard associated with the detachment of one or several boulders in steep slopes. Passive risk mitigation strategies are based on intercepting these blocks during their movement, using rigid barriers, embankments, and flexible protection systems. In recent years, the advancement of remote sensing techniques based on discrete fracture networks allows the characterisation of the shape and size of these boulders even before their detachment [13]. However, physical and numerical modelling of the impact on flexible protection system typically considers spheres [4] and truncated cubes [3] as boulder shape. In this work, the local, i.e. bullet effect [5] and full-scale effect of the aspect ratio of the block is investigated during its impact with a full-scale barrier model. The barrier is characterised by a compound mesh, formed by interweaved double-twisted hexagons and strand ropes stretched between two fence posts. The mesh geometry is reproduced within the Discrete Element framework, using the remote contact interaction approach and the fast mesh generation technique described in [11].
Why We Disagree: Morality and Social Categorization
Creators: name: Carnes, Nathan Christopher
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2014

description: Recent research has identified important functional differences between Prescriptive morality (based in approach motivation) and Proscriptive morality (based in avoidance motivation). The purpose of the present research was to understand the consequences of these moralities applied at the group level for social categorization, especially in response to threat. I measured social categorization with a novel method in which participants categorized same-race and cross-race morphed faces. Social Justice (which is Prescriptive morality applied to the group) was associated with more inclusive social categorization under conditions of threat compared to a control condition. Social Order (which is Proscriptive morality applied to the group) was not associated with social categorization. The implications of this work for social categorization, politics, and our understanding of moral diversity are discussed.
Nudges in the Supermarket: Experience from Point of Sale Signs
Creators: name: Thapa, Janani
name: Lyford, Conrad
name: Belasco, Eric J.
name: McCool, Barent
name: McCool, Audrey
name: Pence, Barbara
name: Carter, Tyra
name: Thapa, Janani
name: Lyford, Conrad
name: Belasco, Eric J.
name: McCool, Barent
name: McCool, Audrey
name: Pence, Barbara
name: Carter, Tyra
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Health Economics and Policy
subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: Supermarket
subject: nudge
subject: community reinforcement
subject: obesity
subject: food choice

description: A project was designed with a supermarket with an objective to encourage the development of a community environment supportive of lifestyles that could reduce residents risk for obesity and cancer in a small community to provide point of sale signs or nudges. These signs encouraged consumers to purchase healthier foods in main supermarket categories accompanied, in the intervention community and store, by overall healthy choice signs and messages to increase the sale of produce and other healthier food items. The community education reinforcement program included newspaper articles, public service announcements on television and in-person healthy eating classes. Relative to the control store, the program had a statistically significant impact on increasing purchases within the grain pasta and sauce category among the nudged item’s categories; and a significant increase in the purchase of green leafy produce category. An overall increase in the purchase of several nudged item’s categories and produce categories shows promise in supermarket based community interventions for behavior change. However, the lack of significant increase in purchases across all categories shows the challenges of changing food purchase behavior.
A natural theory of dark energy
Creators: name: Bordin, Lorenzo
name: Cunillera, Francesc
name: Lehébel, Antoine
name: Padilla, Antonio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a mechanism that generates a naturally light dark energy field (with Hubble scale mass), starting from a theory with exclusively high scale (Planckian) couplings. It is derived from the clockwork model, with ${\cal O}(100)$ scalar fields interacting among themselves as well as with a 4-form field strength. We explicitly embed our model in type IIA supergravity. We also give an alternative interpretation in a braneworld set-up.
description: Published version. 12 pages
Instead of a Resolution
Creators: name: Bishouty, Nour Ghassan
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2014

description: 
Instead of a Resolution

explores the functions of narrative as an accumulative, simplified
and indexed order of elements (events, persons, objects and times,) through personal or
family histories. Each work in the exhibition, in its own way, locates and/or fabricates
connections between inside/outside, private/public, and individual/collective.
Global Analysis of Solar Neutrino Oscillations Including SNO CC Measurement
Creators: name: Bahcall, John N.
name: Gonzalez-Garcia, M. C.
name: Pena-Garay, Carlos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For active and sterile neutrinos, we present the globally allowed solutions for two neutrino oscillations. We include the SNO CC measurement and all other relevant solar neutrino and reactor data. Five active neutrino oscillation solutions (LMA, LOW, SMA, VAC, and Just So2) are currently allowed at 3 sigma; three sterile neutrino solutions (Just So2, SMA, and VAC) are allowed at 3 sigma. The goodness of fit is satisfactory for all eight solutions. We also investigate the robustness of the allowed solutions by carrying out global analyses with and without: 1) imposing solar model constraints on the 8B neutrino flux, 2) including the Super-Kamiokande spectral energy distribution and day-night data, 3) including a continuous mixture of active and sterile neutrinos, 4) using an enhanced CC cross section for deuterium (due to radiative corrections), and 5) a optimistic, hypothetical reduction by a factor of three of the error of the SNO CC rate. For every analysis strategy used in this paper, the most favored solutions all involve large mixing angles: LMA, LOW, or VAC. The favored solutions are robust, but the presence at 3 sigma of individual sterile solutions and the active Just So2 solution is sensitive to the analysis assumptions.
description: 9 figures, higher resolution versions at http://www.sns.ias.edu/~jnb, added references and clarifications
Foreignisation and Domestication of Neologisms and Idioms in the Arabic Translation of Harry Potter
Creators: name: Alshaymaa Y. Alharbi
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2019
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: This study investigates the translation of the children’s fantasy series Harry Potter, by the English writer J.K. Rowling, into Arabic. It focuses on three books from the series: the second, Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets, the fifth, Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix and the seventh, Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows. The study covers the issue of cultural understanding between the Western and Arab world. The main focus is the predominance of foreignisation or domestication in the Arabic translation explored through an investigation of the translating of idioms and neologisms. The study also examines the factors that may have influenced the translator’s choices of foreignisation or domestication. The methodology used is a comparative analysis of the source and target texts to examine the translation of idioms and neologisms. To carry out the analysis, the study introduces typologies and adapted models of analysis of idioms and neologisms. In addition, a small-scale interview study was carried out with a group of Saudi children to explore their reactions to the Arabic translation of Harry Potter. Paraphrase was the main strategy used to render idioms while transliteration was the most common way of dealing with neologisms. The translators tended to combine domestication and foreignisation, but domestication tends to predominate in the translation of idioms and foreignisation tends to predominate in the translation of neologisms. Foreignisation is used to entertain in the target text while domestication results in a fluent and naturally sounding text. The discussion suggests that didacticism, entertainment, the publisher, foreign literature, reading habits, and the source text genre are factors influence the translator’s choices. Two main impacts of the translator’s choices on Arab readers have been identified: enhancement of Arab children’s knowledge of foreign culture and values, enabling them to function as global citizens.
Sakaila , Manning and Holthuis 1981
Creators: name: Martin, Joel W.
name: Godwin, Scott
name: Moffitt, Robert
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Malacostraca
Decapoda
Aethridae
Sakaila

description: Key to the known species of the Genus Sakaila
 1. Carapace in dorsal view with 8 clearly demarcated lobes on lateral and posterolateral borders, each lobe distally blunt and lacking a dorsal carina (ridge) ............................................................................. S. imperialis (Sakai, 1963)
- Carapace in dorsal view with lateral and posterolateral lobes either indistinct or not discernible; if discernible then anterior three lobes acutely tipped and bearing short dorsal carina.............................................................................. 2
 2. All areas of dorsal carapace bearing short spinules or tubercles; no portion of dorsal carapace smooth or pitted........ ............................................................................................................................................. S. wanawana new species
- At least some areas of dorsal carapace lacking spines or tubercles and appearing smooth or pitted........................... 3
 3. Ambulatory legs bearing acute spines on all articles; merus bearing heavy, acute spines on distal dorsal border; ventral margin of cheliped propodus bearing 6 or 7 stout, sharp spines ..................................... S. japonica (Sakai, 1963)
 - Ambulatory legs with rounded tubercles and low, blunt spines but lacking acute spines; merus of legs lacking heavy spines on distal dorsal border; ventral margin of cheliped propodus with low tubercles but lacking a series of 5 or more stout, sharp spines ............................................................................... S. africana (Manning and Holthuis, 1981)
description: Published as part of Martin, Joel W., Godwin, Scott & Moffitt, Robert, 2009, Additions to the decapod crustacean fauna of the Hawaiian Islands, I. A review of the genus Sakaila Manning and Holthuis, 1981 (Decapoda, Brachyura, Aethridae), with the description of a new species from the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands, pp. 25-44 in Zootaxa 2018 on page 42
The PDFI_SS Electric Field Inversion Software
Creators: name: Fisher, George H.
name: Kazachenko, Maria D.
name: Welsch, Brian T.
name: Sun, Xudong
name: Lumme, Erkka
name: Bercik, David J.
name: DeRosa, Marc L.
name: Cheung, Mark C. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe the PDFI_SS software library, which is designed to find the electric field at the Sun's photosphere from a sequence of vector magnetogram and Doppler velocity measurements, and estimates of horizontal velocities obtained from local correlation tracking using the recently upgraded FLCT code. The library, a collection of Fortran subroutines, uses the "PDFI" technique described by Kazachenko et al. (2014), but modified for use in spherical, Plate-Carrée geometry on a staggered grid. The domain over which solutions are found is a subset of the global spherical surface, defined by user-specified limits of colatitude and longitude. Our staggered-grid approach, based on that of Yee (1966), is more conservative and self-consistent compared to the centered, Cartesian grid used by Kazachenko et al. (2014). The library can be used to compute an end-to-end solution for electric fields from data taken by the HMI instrument aboard NASA's SDO Mission. This capability has been incorporated into the HMI pipeline processing system operating at SDO's JSOC. The library is written in a general and modular way so that the calculations can be customized to modify or delete electric field contributions, or used with other data sets. Other applications include "nudging" numerical models of the solar atmosphere to facilitate assimilative simulations. The library includes an ability to compute "global" (whole-Sun) electric field solutions. The library also includes an ability to compute Potential Magnetic Field solutions in spherical coordinates. This distribution includes a number of test programs which allow the user to test the software.
description: 68 pages, 28 figures, 3 tables. This version (arXiv) will be updated when major changes to the software occur
Rare kaon decays in SUSY with non-universal A terms
Creators: name: Chen, Chuan-Hung
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the rare kaon decays in the framework of general SUSY models. Unlike the results in the literature, we find the contributions from the gluino exchange to the branching ratio of $K^+\to π^+ ν\barν$ can reach the central value ($\sim 1.5 \times 10^{-10}$) of the new E787 data while the predicted value of standard model is less than $10^{-10}$. We also find that the same effects also enhance the decays of $K_{L}\to π^0 ν\barν$, $K_L\toπ^0e^{+} e^{-}$ and $K_L\toμ^+ μ^-$.
description: 9 pages, references added, revised version to appear in J. Phys. G
The impact of corruption on the economic Growth of somaliland in Hargeisa.
Creators: name: Abdirahman, Warsame Saed
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: corruption
subject: Corruption
subject: economic growth

description: ABSTRACT

 The study will be carried out in Hargeisa, Marodijeh region in Somaliland. The main problem was that General audit did not take much consideration in evaluating the national budget allocation and this has led the national budget to have been stolen. The research type of this study was descriptive study. The main institutions that I targeted were Good Governance and Anti-Corruption Commission (GGACC)an, Ministry of Trade and Investment and Ministry of finance in Hargeisa. I selected sample size from target population and the sample size and  respondents that was questioned are 110 respondents which are derived from Slovenes Formula: through stratified sampling and purposive sampling. Closed-ended questionnaire and un-structured interview were used during this study to collect data from respondents. The data obtained from the survey were analyzed through SPSS and EXCEL. Furthermore, the findings of the study revealed first specific objective was to explore the impact of corruption in government institutions in Hargeisa Somaliland; also, that minister of finance didn’t take part on national budget preparation. Moreover, the second specific objective was to find out the challenges of national budget in ministry of finance in Hargeisa Somaliland and suggested that most of the challenges were luck of accountability, management, transparency and misallocation of sources Furth more that poor national monitoring of budget has led to a massive corruption. The final specific objective was to examine the causes of corruption on national budget in Hargeisa Somaliland.
title: Texto e construção de um posicionamento crítico
title: o caso das recensões críticas
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Gonçalves, Matilde
name: Rosa, Rute
Publisher: name: CLUNL, Faculdade de Ciências Sociais e Humanas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa
Year: 2020

description: Neste trabalho visa-se dar conta de algumas das atividades desenvolvidas ao longo da UC Práticas Textuais 18|19, em particular no que toca à recensão crítica. A escolha do género recensão crítica prende-se, por um lado, com a possibilidade exercitar as capacidades de: 1) discernir o que é relevante para o trabalho em causa; 2) resumir (tendo em causa o que é pertinente e descartando o que é interessante); 3) apropriar-(se) do conhecimento (científico); 4) desenvolver um ponto de vista crítico e consciente. Assim, para além da apresentação do trabalho realizado em sala de aula com alunas do primeiro ano de licenciatura em Ciências da Linguagem na NOVA FCSH, procedeu-se ao levantamento das características da recensão crítica.
description: Gonçalves, Matilde; Rosa, Rute (2020). Texto e construção de um posicionamento crítico: o caso das recensões críticas. In: M. Gonçalves, N. Jorge, M. A. Coutinho, M. Fidalgo, R. Rosa, eds., Práticas Textuais 18|19. Lisboa: CLUNL, NOVA FCSH, pp.11-18. ISBN 978-989-54081-1-5.
Space-time enriched finite elements for transient wave problems
Creators: name: K. Quaine
name: H. Gimperlein
Publisher: name: Loughborough University
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We investigate a generalised finite element method for the time-dependent wave equation based on enriching the approximation space with travelling plane waves. Our approach is based on a first-order discontinuous Galerkin formulation for the wave equation, discretised with continuous elements in space and discontinuous elements in time. Enrichment in space and time allows us to circumvent the limitations due to the small time steps required for time-independent enrichments. We obtain good approximation for coarse spatial meshes and large time steps, with a corresponding reduction in computational effort. Numerical results indicate the advantages of the proposed approach and investigate the attained accuracy of our scheme as the number of enrichment functions are increased.
Spiral arm instability -- III. Fragmentation of primordial protostellar discs
Creators: name: Inoue, Shigeki
name: Yoshida, Naoki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the gravitational instability and fragmentation of primordial protostellar discs by using high-resolution cosmological hydrodynamics simulations. We follow the formation and evolution of spiral arms in protostellar discs, examine the dynamical stability, and identify a physical mechanism of secondary protostar formation. We use linear perturbation theory based on the spiral-arm instability (SAI) analysis in our previous studies. We improve the analysis by incorporating the effects of finite thickness and shearing motion of arms, and derive the physical conditions for SAI in protostellar discs. Our analysis predicts accurately the stability and the onset of arm fragmentation that is determined by the balance between self-gravity and gas pressure plus the Coriolis force. Formation of secondary and multiple protostars in the discs is explained by the SAI, which is driven by self-gravity and thus can operate without rapid gas cooling. We can also predict the typical mass of the fragments, which is found to be in good agreement with the actual masses of secondary protostars formed in the simulation.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS Letters
Optimization of Vegetative Filter Strips for Mitigation of Runoff from Golf Course Turf
Creators: name: DeFlorio, Barbara
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2018

description: ABSTRACT
OPTIMIZATION OF VEGETATIVE FILTER STRIPS FOR MITIGATION OF RUNOFF FROM GOLF TURF
SEPTEMBER 2017
BARBARA A. DEFLORIO, B.S., UNIVERSITY OF MASSACHUSETTS AMHERST
Directed by: Professor John M. Clark
Many pesticides are listed as possible or probable human carcinogens, leading to a public concern over their environmental impact. Vegetative filter strips (VFS) have been developed to intercept runoff water and prevent pesticides from contaminating surface and ground water.
The first half of this project identified five plants (big blue stem, blue flag iris, eastern gama grass, prairie cord grass and wool grass) that best removed pesticides from contaminated soil. The current study evaluated four treatment groups: the five selected plant species arranged (1) randomly, (2) in a succession from short (upslope) to tall (downslope), (3) turfgrass cut to three heights from short (upslope) to tall (downslope) and (4) unvegetated (UVFS), in an effort to optimize vegetative filter strips to reduce the movement of pesticides contained in runoff from turfgrass environments.
Simulated rainfall was applied to 12 VFS (0.91 m x 4.6 m x 1.83 m), each with a 5% slope. The VFS were used to evaluate the effect of three vegetated treatments on the effectiveness of VFS for mitigation of pesticide-contaminated runoff from treated turf. For the runon simulation, five pesticides (chlorothalonil, chlorpyrifos, imidacloprid, pendimethalin, and propiconazole) were added at 5% their maximum application rate for turfgrass to a nurse tank containing the amount of runoff expected to occur from an uphill turf plot (5.5 m2) during either a 1- (6.1 cm) or 5-yr (9.65 cm) rain event. Runoff samples were collected at the downhill base (bottom) of each VFS and analyzed for pesticides to determine the effectiveness of VFS at mitigating runoff water and the pesticides contained. Soil core and soil pore water samples were taken periodically post-application. All samples were analyzed for applied pesticides and quantified by GC/MS and LC/MS/MS.
All vegetated treatments were more effective in decreasing the runoff volume and the associated pesticide concentration when compared with UVFS, with turfgrass being the most effective of the three treatments.
This research validates the use of VFS in slowing the flow of runon water significantly enough for it to infiltrate into the soil, instead of leaving the VFS as runoff. VFS are already suggested as a best management practice to prevent pesticides from leaving many agricultural sites treated with pesticides, but this research suggests their widespread use on golf courses, parks, athletic fields and home lawns could greatly reduce the amount of pesticides in runoff waters from turf environments and help keep our waterways clean.
Gravitational Radiation of Rolling Tachyon
Creators: name: Chen, Bin
name: Li, Miao
name: Lin, Feng-Li
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we compute the radiation of the massless closed string states due to the non-vanishing coupling to the rolling open string tachyon with co-dimensions larger than 2, and discuss the effect of back reaction to the motion of the rolling tachyon. We find that for small string coupling, the tachyonic matter remains in the late time, but it will completely evaporate away over a short time of few string scales if the string coupling is huge. Comment on the implication of our results to the g-theorem of boundary conformal field theory is given.
description: 17 pages, 1 figure; v2 correct typos, add references & acknowledgement; v3 final to appear on JHEP with minor comment and references added
First Results from the HDMS experiment in the Final Setup
Creators: name: Klapdor-Kleingrothaus, H. V.
name: Dietz, A.
name: Heusser, G.
name: Krivosheina, I. V.
name: Mazza, D.
name: Strecker, H.
name: Tomei, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Heidelberg Dark Matter Search (HDMS) is an experiment designed for the search for WIMP dark matter. It is using a special configuration of Ge detectors, to efficiently reduce the background in the low-energy region below 100 keV. After one year of running the HDMS detector prototype in the Gran Sasso Underground Laboratory, the inner crystal of the detector has been replaced with a HPGe crystal of enriched $^{73}$Ge. The final setup started data taking in Gran Sasso in August 2000. The performance and the first results of the measurement with the final setup are discussed.
description: 8 pages, revtex, 7 figures, Home Page of Heidelberg Non-Accelerator Particle Physics Group: http://www.mpi-hd.mpg.de/non_acc/
How do feelings contribute to the experience of paranoia, in those that are understood to have experienced a first episode of psychosis?
Creators: name: James, Kiera
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2019
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: There is continued debate amongst service-users and professionals about how psychosis is conceptualised and managed. The medical model typically dominates, although there is no consistent evidence for an underlying biological process. Gaining an understanding of the factors that contribute to experience of psychosis within the first episode of psychosis (FEP) population, could further enhance the interventions and support available and impact on long-term outcomes.Literature review:Shame is associated with poorer outcomes within the broader area of psychosis. However, there are no reviews that consider the role of shame specifically in the FEP population. The aim was to explore the role of shame in a population that is understood to have experienced the first episode of psychosis. The systematic review examined 10 articles identified from five databases. Shame was associated with poorer outcomes and increased distress in the FEP population, particularly related to social anxiety and depression. Therefore, shame needs to be considered when working with this population at a clinical and service level.Research report:With a particular focus on paranoia, the current study aimed to explore an alternative perspective to the dominant model, focussed on understanding how feelings contribute to the experience of paranoia (based on Cromby’s work). Feelings, in this context, are broader than simply emotion and integrally includes relationally, social and material influences. Critical Narrative Analysis was utilised to explore seven people’s experiences of paranoia and the associated feelings, with consideration of their wider social context. The results highlighted that feelings and feeling traps contributed to the experience of paranoia, within the context of social relationships and life experiences. The hermeneutic of suspicion introduced the notion that the current psychological and psychiatric models can leave people feeling disempowered and stuck, fighting to be their ‘normal’ self. Clinical implications are discussed.
Invited Paper: Competition in the US meatpacking industry: is it history?
Creators: name: Azzam, Azzeddine M.
name: Azzam, Azzeddine M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: Agribusiness
Livestock Production/Industries

description: The US meatpacking industry has become concentrated to a degree not experienced since the days of the 'Beef trust' a century ago. A number of mainstream studies have investigated if such concentration has been detrimental to competition. Just as earlier studies may have helped shape competition policy towards meatpacking a century ago, contemporary studies have made their way into current discussions and may shape competition policy at the turn of this century. This paper asks whether or not contemporary studies are useful in informing competition policy. After comparing how competition looks from the econometric vantage point with how it looks from the vantage point of the industry's 300-yr history, this article concludes that mainstream studies are more useful for a competition policy targeting conduct rather than structure. Published by Elsevier Science B.V.
Spectral gap of the largest eigenvalue of the normalized graph Laplacian
Creators: name: Jost, Jürgen
name: Mulas, Raffaella
name: Münch, Florentin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05Cxx

description: We offer a new method for proving that the maximal eigenvalue of the normalized graph Laplacian of a graph with $n$ vertices is at least $\frac{n+1}{n-1}$ provided the graph is not complete and that equality is attained if and only if the complement graph is a single edge or a complete bipartite graph with both parts of size $\frac{n-1}2$. With the same method, we also prove a new lower bound to the largest eigenvalue in terms of the minimum vertex degree, provided this is at most $\frac{n-1}{2}$.
description: 8 pages, 1 figure
Multiple job holdings among dairy farm families in New York and Ontario
Creators: name: Weersink, Alfons
name: Nicholson, Charles
name: Weerhewa, Jeeveka
name: Weersink, Alfons
name: Nicholson, Charles
name: Weerhewa, Jeeveka
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: Farm Management
Labor and Human Capital

description: Previous empirical studies of multiple job holding have tended to focus on the characteristics of those obtaining off-fann employment and the factors affecting the hours supplied to those obtaining off-farm activities. None of these studies have explicitly addressed the reasons behind the decision to seek off-farm employment. Neither have they been able to examine in-depth the important issue of how this major component of the farm sector responds to alternative policies, since most studies have used cross-sectional data for a given region. A comparison between countries would permit the analysis of how multiple job holding responds to differing government policies. The purpose of this paper is to examine the reasons for and factors affecting multiple job holdings of dairy farm families in neighboring regions of two counties, United States and Canada. The bordering regions of New York and Ontario have similar geographic conditions but significantly different farm support and social service policies. The results indicate the importance of farm income on why people work off the farm and provide evidence of multiple job holding as a flexible mechanism for coping with changes in the economic environment facing the household. For operators, the driving characteristics influencing off-farm labor participation is the farm's financial position. The supply-managed milk marketing system ensures higher and more stable returns for Ontario dairy farm labor. In contrast, it is family demographics, educational level and social support policy that appears to largely influence spousal off-farm employment decisions. Free medical care in Ontario lowers the reservation wage for household members. The effect of these farm and social support policies on the relative returns to labor in agriculture and non-farm employment explains the lower participation rate and hours supplied in off-farm work by both operators, and hours supplied in off-farm work by both operators and spouses in Ontario dairy farm household. Published by Elsevier Science B.V.