title: ÐÐ±ÐµÑÐ¿ÐµÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ Ð½Ð°Ð´ÐµÐ¶Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸ Ð°ÑÐ¾Ð¼Ð½ÑÑ ÑÐ»ÐµÐºÑÑÐ¾ÑÑÐ°Ð½ÑÐ¸Ð¹, ÑÐ°Ð·Ð¼ÐµÑÐ°ÐµÐ¼ÑÑ Ð² Ð½ÐµÐ±Ð»Ð°Ð³Ð¾Ð¿ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐ½ÑÑ Ð¿ÑÐ¸ÑÐ¾Ð´Ð½ÑÑ ÑÑÐ»Ð¾Ð²Ð¸ÑÑ
title: Ð²ÑÐ¿ÑÑÐºÐ½Ð°Ñ ÐºÐ²Ð°Ð»Ð¸ÑÐ¸ÐºÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ° Ð¼Ð°Ð³Ð¸ÑÑÑÐ°
titleType: Subtitle
title: Ensuring the reliability of nuclear power plants located in unfavorable natural conditions
Creators: name: ÐÐ¶ÑÐ¼Ð°ÐµÐ², ÐÑÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ð°Ð´Ð¶Ð¾Ð½
Publisher: name: Ð¡Ð°Ð½ÐºÑ-ÐÐµÑÐµÑÐ±ÑÑÐ³ÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ ÑÐ½Ð¸Ð²ÐµÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑ ÐÐµÑÑÐ° ÐÐµÐ»Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾
Year: 2024
Subjects: ÐÑÐ¾Ð¼Ð½ÑÐµ ÑÐ»ÐµÐºÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ðµ ÑÑÐ°Ð½ÑÐ¸Ð¸
Ð¯Ð´ÐµÑÐ½ÑÐµ ÑÐµÐ°ÐºÑÐ¾ÑÑ
Ð·ÐµÐ¼Ð»ÐµÑÑÑÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ
Ð¿Ð°ÑÑÐ¸Ð²Ð½ÑÐµ ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ
ÑÐ»ÐµÐºÑÑÐ¾ÑÐ½Ð°Ð±Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ
ÑÑÐ½Ð°Ð¼Ð¸
Ð°Ð²Ð°ÑÐ¸Ñ
earthquake
passive systems
electric supply
tsunami
accident

description: ÐÐ°Ð½Ð½Ð°Ñ ÐºÐ²Ð°Ð»Ð¸ÑÐ¸ÐºÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ° Ð¿Ð¾ÑÐ²ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð° Ð¸ÑÑÐ»ÐµÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð°Ð²Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð¸ Ð½Ð° Ð°ÑÐ¾Ð¼Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÐ»ÐµÐºÑÑÐ¾ÑÑÐ°Ð½ÑÐ¸Ð¸ (ÐÐ­Ð¡) Â«Ð¤ÑÐºÑÑÐ¸Ð¼Ð°-1Â», ÐºÐ¾ÑÐ¾ÑÐ°Ñ Ð½Ð°ÑÐ¾Ð´Ð¸ÑÑÑ Ð² Ð¯Ð¿Ð¾Ð½Ð¸Ð¸, Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð±ÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÐµÐ¹ ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ñ ÑÐµÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ð¹ Ð¸ Ð°Ð½Ð°Ð»Ð¸Ð·Ñ Ð½ÐµÐ´Ð¾ÑÑÐ°ÑÐºÐ¾Ð², Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÐµÐºÑÐ¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð°Ð»ÑÑÐµÑÐ½Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð²Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÑÐ°Ð½ÑÐ¸Ð¸ Ð² ÑÐ»Ð¾Ð¶Ð½ÑÑ ÑÐµÐ¹ÑÐ¼Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ñ ÑÑÐ»Ð¾Ð²Ð¸ÑÑ, Ð° ÑÐ°ÐºÐ¶Ðµ ÑÐ°ÑÑÐµÑÑ Ð½Ð°Ð´ÐµÐ¶Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸. ÐÐ°Ð´Ð°ÑÐ¸, ÐºÐ¾ÑÐ¾ÑÑÐµ ÑÐµÑÐ°Ð»Ð¸ÑÑ Ð² ÑÐ¾Ð´Ðµ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÑ: 1) Ð¸Ð·ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ ÑÐ²ÐµÐ´ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ð¹ Ð¾ ÐºÑÑÐ¿Ð½ÐµÐ¹ÑÐ¸Ñ Ð·ÐµÐ¼Ð»ÐµÑÑÑÑÐµÐ½Ð¸ÑÑ Ð² Ð¼Ð¸ÑÐµ, ÑÑÐ¶ÐµÐ»ÐµÐ¹ÑÐ¸Ñ Ð°Ð²Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð¹ Ð½Ð° ÐÐ­Ð¡ Ð² Ð¼Ð¸ÑÐµ Ð¸ Ð² ÑÐ°ÑÑÐ½Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸ Ð² Ð¯Ð¿Ð¾Ð½Ð¸Ð¸, Ð° ÑÐ°ÐºÐ¶Ðµ Ð°Ð²Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð¸ Ð½Ð° ÐÐ­Ð¡ Â«Ð¤ÑÐºÑÑÐ¸Ð¼Ð°â1Â»; 2) Ð²ÑÑÐ²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ Ð¿ÑÐ¸ÑÐ¸Ð½ Ð¸ Ð¿ÑÐµÐ´Ð¿Ð¾ÑÑÐ»Ð¾Ðº, Ð¿ÑÐ¸Ð²ÐµÐ´ÑÐ¸Ñ Ðº Ð°Ð²Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð¸ Ð½Ð° ÐÐ­Ð¡ Â«Ð¤ÑÐºÑÑÐ¸Ð¼Ð°-1Â»; 3) Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÐµÐºÑÐ¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ Ð°Ð»ÑÑÐµÑÐ½Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð²Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ ÐÐ­Ð¡ Ð² ÑÐ»Ð¾Ð¶Ð½ÑÑ ÑÐµÐ¹ÑÐ¼Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ñ ÑÑÐ»Ð¾Ð²Ð¸ÑÑ Ñ ÑÑÑÑÐ¾Ð¼ Ð²ÑÐµÑ Ð½ÐµÐ´Ð¾ÑÑÐ°ÑÐºÐ¾Ð² Ð¸ Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð±ÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÐµÐ¹. 4) Ð Ð°ÑÑÐµÑ Ð½Ð°Ð´ÐµÐ¶Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸ ÑÐ»ÐµÐºÑÑÐ¾ÑÐ½Ð°Ð±Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ ÑÐ¾Ð±ÑÑÐ²ÐµÐ½Ð½ÑÑ Ð½ÑÐ¶Ð´ ÐÐ­Ð¡. Ð Ð¼Ð°Ð³Ð¸ÑÑÐµÑÑÐºÐ¾Ð¹ Ð´Ð¸ÑÑÐµÑÑÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¸ Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð¸Ð·Ð²Ð¾Ð´Ð¸Ð»ÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´ÑÐ¾Ð±Ð½ÑÐ¹ ÑÐ°Ð·Ð±Ð¾Ñ Ð°Ð²Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð¸ Ð½Ð° ÐÐ­Ð¡ Â«Ð¤ÑÐºÑÑÐ¸Ð¼Ð°-1Â», Ð½Ð° Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð²Ðµ ÐºÐ¾ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð²ÑÑÐ²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ñ Ð¿ÑÐ¸ÑÐ¸Ð½Ñ Ð¸ Ð¿ÑÐµÐ´Ð¿Ð¾ÑÑÐ»ÐºÐ¸ Ðº Ð²Ð¾Ð·Ð½Ð¸ÐºÐ½Ð¾Ð²ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ ÐºÐ°ÑÐ°ÑÑÑÐ¾ÑÑ, Ð¿ÑÐµÐ´Ð»Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ñ Ð¼ÐµÑÐ¾Ð´Ñ Ð¸ ÑÐ¿Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ð¸Ñ ÑÑÑÑÐ°Ð½ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ. Ð ÑÐµÐ·ÑÐ»ÑÑÐ°ÑÐµ Ð¾Ð¿ÑÐµÐ´ÐµÐ»ÐµÐ½Ð° ÑÑÐµÐ¼Ð° Ð²ÑÐ´Ð°ÑÐ¸ Ð¼Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸ Ð°Ð»ÑÑÐµÑÐ½Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð²Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ ÐÐ­Ð¡ Ð½Ð° Ð±Ð°Ð·Ðµ ÑÐ¾Ð²ÑÐµÐ¼ÐµÐ½Ð½ÑÑ ÑÐµÐ°ÐºÑÐ¾ÑÐ¾Ð² Ð¿Ð¾ÐºÐ¾Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Â«III+Â»; Ð²ÑÐ±ÑÐ°Ð½Ð¾ Ð½ÐµÐ¾Ð±ÑÐ¾Ð´Ð¸Ð¼Ð¾Ðµ Ð¾Ð±Ð¾ÑÑÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ Ð¸ ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¿Ð¾Ð½Ð¾Ð²ÐºÐ° ÑÐ°ÑÐ¿ÑÐµÐ´ÐµÐ»Ð¸ÑÐµÐ»ÑÐ½ÑÑ ÑÑÑÑÐ¾Ð¹ÑÑÐ²; Ð¿Ð¾ÑÑÑÐ¾ÐµÐ½Ð° ÑÑÐµÐ¼Ð° ÑÐ¾Ð±ÑÑÐ²ÐµÐ½Ð½ÑÑ Ð½ÑÐ¶Ð´; ÑÐ°ÑÑÑÐ¸ÑÐ°Ð½Ð° Ð½Ð°Ð´ÐµÐ¶Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÑ ÑÐ»ÐµÐºÑÑÐ¾ÑÐ½Ð°Ð±Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ ÑÐ¾Ð±ÑÑÐ²ÐµÐ½Ð½ÑÑ Ð½ÑÐ¶Ð´ Ð°Ð»ÑÑÐµÑÐ½Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð²Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ ÐÐ­Ð¡. ÐÑÐµ Ð½ÐµÐ´Ð¾ÑÑÐ°ÑÐºÐ¸, Ð¾Ð±Ð½Ð°ÑÑÐ¶ÐµÐ½Ð½ÑÐµ Ð² ÑÐ¾Ð´Ðµ Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¸ÑÑÐ»ÐµÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ, Ð° ÑÐ°ÐºÐ¶Ðµ Ð¿ÑÐµÐ´Ð»Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ð½ÑÐµ ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ðµ ÑÐµÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ, ÑÐµÐ»ÐµÑÐ¾Ð¾Ð±ÑÐ°Ð·Ð½Ð¾ ÑÑÐ¸ÑÑÐ²Ð°ÑÑ Ð¿ÑÐ¸ Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÐµÐºÑÐ¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ð¸ Ð¸ ÑÑÑÐ¾Ð¸ÑÐµÐ»ÑÑÑÐ²Ðµ ÐÐ­Ð¡ Ð² ÑÐµÐ¹ÑÐ¼Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸ Ð¾Ð¿Ð°ÑÐ½ÑÑ ÑÐµÐ³Ð¸Ð¾Ð½Ð°Ñ Ñ ÑÐµÐ»ÑÑ Ð¼Ð¸Ð½Ð¸Ð¼Ð¸Ð·Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð¸ ÑÐ¸ÑÐºÐ° Ð²Ð¾Ð·Ð½Ð¸ÐºÐ½Ð¾Ð²ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ ÑÑÐ¶ÐµÐ»ÐµÐ¹ÑÐ¸Ñ ÑÐ´ÐµÑÐ½ÑÑ ÐºÐ°ÑÐ°ÑÑÑÐ¾Ñ.
description: This qualifying work is devoted to the study of the accident at the Fukushima-1 nuclear power plant (NPP), which is located in Japan, the features of technical solutions and analysis of shortcomings, the design of an alternative plant in difficult seismic conditions, as well as reliability calculations. Problems that were solved during the work: 1) study of information about the largest earthquakes in the world, the most severe accidents at nuclear power plants in the world and in particular in Japan, as well as the accident at the Fukushima-1 nuclear power plant; 2) identification of the causes and prerequisites that led to the accident at the Fukushima-1 nuclear power plant; 3) design of an alternative nuclear power plant in difficult seismic conditions, taking into account all the shortcomings and features. 4) Calculation of the reliability of power supply for the NPPâs own needs. The masters thesis contained a detailed analysis of the accident at the Fukushima-1 nuclear power plant, on the basis of which the causes and prerequisites for the occurrence of the disaster were identified, and methods for eliminating them were proposed. As a result, a power supply scheme for an alternative nuclear power plant based on modern generation III+ reactors was determined; the necessary equipment and layout of distribution devices have been selected; a diagram of auxiliary system was built; The reliability of power supply for the auxiliary needs of an alternative nuclear power plant was calculated. It is advisable to take into account all the shortcomings discovered during this study, as well as the proposed technical solutions, when designing and constructing nuclear power plants in seismically hazardous regions in order to minimize the risk of severe nuclear disasters.â