cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Farmers in Low Socioeconomic Status Counties Enroll Less Land, Receive Less CRP Funding Per Acre
Creators: name: Ueda, Kohei
name: Hand, Michael S.
name: Farrigan, Tracey L.
name: Ueda, Kohei
name: Hand, Michael S.
name: Farrigan, Tracey L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Conservation reserve program
subject: socioeconomic status
subject: American Indian reservations

description: Participation in the Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) is associated with a number of farm and operator characteristics. But casual observation suggests that socioeconomic status is also correlated with program enrollment outcomes. This study examines the relationship between county-level socioeconomic status and participation patterns in CRP, while controlling for other factors that typically impact program enrollment. Result suggest that farms in low socioeconomic status counties are less likely to participate, enroll a smaller share of their land, and receive less per acre enrolled.
From big box to town center : how redevelopment of the Greenwood Shopping Center can help create a more livable and sustainable town center while reinforcing the neighborhood’s distinctive character
Creators: name: Cherniak, Theresa Anne
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Seattle is a city of neighborhoods. The City's long range plans call these neighborhoods 'urban villages', and lays out how they might develop over time into fuller service centers for community life. Few designated urban villages have the potential that Greenwood does. Starting with a historic main street commercial area at its core, Greenwood also has a 3 1/2 block area in the center that is ripe for redevelopment. The impetus for this thesis is the proposed expansion of a big box retail store within this 3 1/2 block area, and the community's desire to see the entire area planned comprehensively. This project starts with the solid policy base established over ten years of study, hard work, and consensus building within the Greenwood community. It analyzes this existing policy base against three critical elements of sustainable community design: Green Infrastructure, Liability and Placemaking, and builds on this base where it doesn't fully address these elements. Measures of sustainable community design are developed for use in later assessment of the alternatives. Through extensive inventory, analysis and research on the community, the physical and social opportunities and constraints for the project are developed. The two alternative master plans arising from this foundation provide a range of development options intended to meet the design strategy's requirements. Finally, this project presents an assessment of the two alternatives based on the measures of sustainable community design.
Artificial Neural Networks Jamming on the Beat
Creators: name: Tikhonov, Alexey
name: Yamshchikov, Ivan P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: J.5; E.0
subject: 68T07, 68T50

description: This paper addresses the issue of long-scale correlations that is characteristic for symbolic music and is a challenge for modern generative algorithms. It suggests a very simple workaround for this challenge, namely, generation of a drum pattern that could be further used as a foundation for melody generation. The paper presents a large dataset of drum patterns alongside with corresponding melodies. It explores two possible methods for drum pattern generation. Exploring a latent space of drum patterns one could generate new drum patterns with a given music style. Finally, the paper demonstrates that a simple artificial neural network could be trained to generate melodies corresponding with these drum patters used as inputs. Resulting system could be used for end-to-end generation of symbolic music with song-like structure and higher long-scale correlations between the notes.
Hindrance of Heavy-ion Fusion at Extreme Sub-Barrier Energies in Open-shell Colliding Systems
Creators: name: Jiang, C. L.
name: Rehm, K. E.
name: Esbensen, H.
name: Janssens, R. V. F.
name: Back, B. B.
name: Collon, P.
name: Davids, C. N.
name: Greene, J. P.
name: Henderson, D. J.
name: Lister, C. J.
name: Kurtz, S.
name: Pardo, R. C.
name: Pennington, T.
name: Paul, M.
name: Peterson, D.
name: Seweryniak, D.
name: Shumard, B.
name: Sinha, S.
name: Tang, X. D.
name: Tanihata, I.
name: Zhu, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The excitation function for the fusion-evaporation reaction 64Ni+100Mo has been measured down to a cross-section of ~5 nb. Extensive coupled-channels calculations have been performed, which cannot reproduce the steep fall-off of the excitation function at extreme sub-barrier energies. Thus, this system exhibits a hindrance for fusion, a phenomenon that has been discovered only recently. In the S-factor representation introduced to quantify the hindrance, a maximum is observed at E_s=120.6 MeV, which corresponds to 90% of the reference energy E_s^ref, a value expected from systematics of closed-shell systems. A systematic analysis of Ni-induced fusion reactions leading to compound nuclei with mass A=100-200 is presented in order to explore a possible dependence of the fusion hindrance on nuclear structure.
description: 10 pages, 9 figures, Submitted to Phys. Rev. C
MPEC 2024-A165 : DAILY ORBIT UPDATE (2024 January 15)
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Factors Influencing Consumer Likelihood of Purchasing a Flexible-Fuel or Hybrid Automobile
Creators: name: Li, Xiaogu
name: Clark, Christopher D.
name: Jensen, Kimberly L.
name: English, Burton C.
name: Yen, Steven T.
name: Li, Xiaogu
name: Clark, Christopher D.
name: Jensen, Kimberly L.
name: English, Burton C.
name: Yen, Steven T.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: flexible-fuel vehicles
subject: ethanol
subject: E85
subject: hybrid electric vehicles

description: Developing fuels and vehicles that reduce our reliance on fossil fuels has become a priority due to the threat of global climate change and desire for reduced dependence on oil imports. Flexible-fuel vehicles that can run on ethanol/gasoline blends of up to 85% ethanol and hybrid electric vehicles present two such opportunities. While production of both flexible-fuel and hybrid vehicles is increasing, there is still a great deal of uncertainty about how consumers will respond to these products. To address this uncertainty, data was collected through an online survey of automobile owners that asked respondents how likely they were to choose either a flexible-fuel or hybrid vehicle as their next vehicle. A bivariate probit model was used to jointly analyze responses to these two questions. The results show that, while there was some overlap in the factors correlated with perceived likelihood of choosing one of these two types of automobiles, there were also clear differences. These results should benefit policymakers, marketers and academics seeking a better understanding of the respective markets for these vehicles.
Generalized Geometric Cluster Algorithm for Fluid Simulation
Creators: name: Liu, Jiwen
name: Luijten, Erik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a detailed description of the generalized geometric cluster algorithm for the efficient simulation of continuum fluids. The connection with well-known cluster algorithms for lattice spin models is discussed, and an explicit full cluster decomposition is derived for a particle configuration in a fluid. We investigate a number of basic properties of the geometric cluster algorithm, including the dependence of the cluster-size distribution on density and temperature. Practical aspects of its implementation and possible extensions are discussed. The capabilities and efficiency of our approach are illustrated by means of two example studies.
description: Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. E. Follow-up to cond-mat/0412744
ASSESSING CONSUMERS’ WILLINGNESS TO PAY FOR DIFFERENT UNITS OF ORGANIC MILK: EVIDENCE FROM MULTI-UNIT AUCTIONS
Creators: name: Akaichi, Faiçal
name: Gil, Jose Maria
name: Nayga, Rodolfo M.
name: Akaichi, Faiçal
name: Gil, Jose Maria
name: Nayga, Rodolfo M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Multi-unit Vickrey auctions
subject: organic milk
subject: information

description: Experimental auctions are normally conducted using single-unit auctions. In this paper, we explore the use of multi-unit auctions to investigate the determinants of consumers’ willingness to pay (WTP) for a food product (i.e., organic milk) in a multi-unit shopping scenario. We also analyze the effect of positive and negative information about organic farming on WTP. Our results suggest that although consumers are willing to pay for organic milk, their WTP decreases with the number of purchased units. We also found that the magnitude and the statistical significance of the determinants of WTP change from one unit to another. The most important factors affecting WTP are the number of units subjects are willing to buy, health concerns, and perceived animal welfare benefits of organic production. The type of information provided also plays a relevant role. Specifically, we find that positive information on organic farming increases WTP, negative information decreases WTP, and provision of both positive and negative information does not affect WTP.
description: Replaced with revised version of paper 06/28/10
On the Use of Multi-Unit Auctions in Measuring Consumers’ Willingness to Pay for Food Products
Creators: name: Akaichi, Faiçal
name: Nayga, Rodolfo M.
name: Gil, Jose Maria
name: Akaichi, Faiçal
name: Nayga, Rodolfo M.
name: Gil, Jose Maria
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Multi-unit auctions
subject: Willingness to pay
subject: demand curve
subject: Consumer surplus
subject: Price discounts.

description: This paper proposes the use of multi-unit auctions in studying consumers’ willingness to pay (WTP) for food products in a multi-unit shopping scenario. We show how this method can overcome the limitations of single-unit experimental auctions in obtaining useful information related to WTP for not just the first unit but also subsequent units of a product, the demand curve, consumer surplus, the determinants of consumers’ WTP for each auctioned unit, and the effect of potential price discount strategies.
Degenerate Fermion Dark Matter from a Broken $U(1)_{\rm B-L}$ Gauge Symmetry
Creators: name: Choi, Gongjun
name: Suzuki, Motoo
name: Yanagida, Tsutomu. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The extension of the Standard model by assuming $U(1)_{\rm B-L}$ gauge symmetry is very well-motivated since it naturally explains the presence of heavy right-handed neutrinos required to account for the small active neutrino masses via the seesaw mechanism and thermal leptogenesis. Traditionally, we introduce three right handed neutrinos to cancel the $[U(1)_{\rm B-L}]^3$ anomaly. However, it suffices to introduce two heavy right-handed neutrinos for these purposes and therefore we can replace one right-handed neutrino by new chiral fermions to cancel the $U(1)_{\rm B-L}$ gauge anomaly. Then, one of the chiral fermions can naturally play a role of a dark matter candidate. In this paper, we demonstrate how this framework produces a dark matter candidate which can address the so-called "core-cusp problem". As one of the small scale problems that $Λ$CDM paradigm encounters, it may imply an important clue for a nature of dark matter. One of resolutions among many is hypothesizing that sub-keV fermion dark matter halos in dwarf spheroidal galaxies are in (quasi) degenerate configuration. We show how the degenerate sub-keV fermion dark matter candidate can be non-thermally originated in our model and thus can be consistent with Lyman-$α$ forest observation. Thereby, the small neutrino mass, baryon asymmetry, and the sub-keV dark matter become consequences of the broken B-L gauge symmetry.
description: 25 pages, 8 figures, 2 tables
Additional file 4 of Elimination of “kitome” and “splashome” contamination results in lack of detection of a unique placental microbiome
Creators: name: Olomu, Isoken Nicholas
name: Pena-Cortes, Luis Carlos
name: Long, Robert A.
name: Vyas, Arpita
name: Krichevskiy, Olha
name: Luellwitz, Ryan
name: Singh, Pallavi
name: Mulks, Martha H.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 4: Fig. S4. The placental microbial community from the pilot study samples at the family level. The top 25 families (of 41 total identified) are shown. Colored bars illustrate the percentage of total reads classified into specific families. The last column in each group shows the average for that set of patients or blank controls. These average columns are repeated on the far right for ease of comparison, and are labeled B = blank, G = GDM, N = normal, and O = obese. Families are color coded to match the phyla in Fig. 3, e.g., families in the phylum Firmicutes are depicted in shades of blue while families in the Phylum Proteobacteria are depicted in shades of green. Uncl. = unclassified. Note that placental samples from this pilot study included 2 each from 16 patients and triplicate samples from 1 patient for a total of 35.
Four Metrics
Creators: name: Creutz, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A central idea in general relativity is that physics should not depend on the space-time coordinates in use \cite{einstein}. But the qualitative description of various phenomena can appear superficially quite different. Here we consider falling into a classical black hole using four distinct but equivalent metrics. First is the Schwarzchild case, with extreme time dilation at the horizon. Second, rescaling the dilation allows falling into the hole in finite proper time. Third, time and space are rescaled into a Penrose motivated picture where light trajectories all have unit slope. Fourth, a white hole variation of the second metric allows passage out through the horizon, with reentry forbidden.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures. Honorable mention in the Gravity Research Foundation 2020 Awards for Essays on Gravitation
Partnerships With Industry: The Essential Ingredient for Agribusiness Education
Creators: name: Litzenberg, Kerry K.
name: Dunne, Anthony J.
name: Litzenberg, Kerry K.
name: Dunne, Anthony J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession
subject: Agribusiness education
subject: Agribusiness internship

description: This paper examines the important issues of establishing partnerships between agribusiness education programs and industry representatives including the benefits to firms, faculty and students. Detailed information is presented on how these partnerships are developed and implemented.
Logarithmically enhanced Euler-Heisenberg Lagrangian contribution to the electron gyromagnetic factor
Creators: name: Czarnecki, Andrzej
name: Piclum, Jan
name: Szafron, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Contrary to what was previously believed, two-loop radiative corrections to the $g$-factor of an electron bound in a hydrogen-like ion at $\mathcal{O}\left(α^2 (Zα)^5\right)$ exhibit logarithmic enhancement. This previously unknown contribution is due to a long-distance light-by-light scattering amplitude. Taking an effective field theory approach, and using the Euler-Heisenberg Lagrangian, we find $Δg = -\left( \fracαπ \right)^2\left(Zα\right)^5 \frac{56 π}{135}\ln Zα$.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Photonic gaps in cholesteric elastomers under deformation
Creators: name: Cicuta, P.
name: Tajbakhsh, A. R.
name: Terentjev, E. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cholesteric liquid crystal elastomers have interesting and potentially very useful photonic properties. In an ideal monodomain configuration of these materials, one finds a Bragg-reflection of light in a narrow wavelength range and a particular circular polarization. This is due to the periodic structure of the material along one dimension. In many practical cases, the cholesteric rubber possesses a sufficient degree of quenched disorder, which makes the selective reflection broadband. We investigate experimentally the problem of how the transmittance of light is affected by mechanical deformation of the elastomer, and the relation to changes in liquid crystalline structure. We explore a series of samples which have been synthesized with photonic stop-gaps across the visible range. This allows us to compare results with detailed theoretical predictions regarding the evolution of stop-gaps in cholesteric elastomers.
Discovering partonic rescattering in light nucleus collisions
Creators: name: Huss, Alexander
name: Kurkela, Aleksi
name: Mazeliauskas, Aleksas
name: Paatelainen, Risto
name: van der Schee, Wilke
name: Wiedemann, Urs Achim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate that oxygen-oxygen (OO) collisions at the LHC provide unprecedented sensitivity to parton energy loss in a system whose size is comparable to those created in very peripheral heavy-ion collisions. With leading and next-to-leading order calculations of nuclear modification factors, we show that the baseline in the absence of partonic rescattering is known with up to 2% theoretical accuracy in inclusive OO collisions. Surprisingly, a $Z$-boson normalized nuclear modification factor does not lead to higher theoretical accuracy within current uncertainties of nuclear parton distribution functions. We study a broad range of parton energy loss models and we find that the expected signal of partonic rescattering can be disentangled from the baseline by measuring charged hadron spectra in the range $20\,\text{GeV}
description: 8 pages, 7 figures, see the companion paper "Predicting parton energy loss in small collision systems"; v2: added NLO hadron baseline calculations, small changes, published version
Spectroscopy of a Tunable Moiré System with a Correlated and Topological Flat Band
Creators: name: Liu, Xiaomeng
name: Chiu, Cheng-Li
name: Lee, Jong Yeon
name: Farahi, Gelareh
name: Watanabe, Kenji
name: Taniguchi, Takashi
name: Vishwanath, Ashvin
name: Yazdani, Ali
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Moiré superlattices created by the twisted stacking of two-dimensional crystalline monolayers can host electronic bands with flat energy dispersion in which interaction among electrons is strongly enhanced. These superlattices can also create non-trivial electronic band topologies making them a platform for study of many-body topological quantum states. Among the moiré systems realized to date, there are those predicted to have band structures and properties which can be controlled with a perpendicular electric field. The twisted double bilayer graphene (TDBG), where two Bernal bilayer graphene are stacked with a twist angle, is such a tunable moiré system, for which partial filling of its flat band, transport studies have found correlated insulating states. Here we use gate-tuned scanning tunneling spectroscopy (GT-STS) to directly demonstrate the tunability of the band structure of TDBG with an electric field and to show spectroscopic signatures of both electronic correlations and topology for its flat band. Our spectroscopic experiments show excellent agreement with a continuum model of TDBG band structure and reveal signatures of a correlated insulator gap at partial filling of its isolated flat band. The topological properties of this flat band are probed with the application of a magnetic field, which leads to valley polarization and the splitting of Chern bands that respond strongly to the field with a large effective g-factor. Our experiments advance our understanding of the properties of TDBG and set the stage for further investigations of correlation and topology in such tunable moiré systems.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures and supplementary information
Teaching and Learning Through Cooperative Research Ventures
Creators: name: Lindsey, Patricia J.
name: Lindsey, Patricia J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession
subject: Teaching methods
subject: Case studies
subject: Land grant mission
subject: Active learning
subject: Outreach

description: Classroom-based learning can be enhanced for advanced agricultural economics and agribusiness undergraduate students by engaging them as partners in an applied research project. The approach described combines research, outreach and resident instruction in a single activity that produces and extends knowledge while educating students. Many of the changes suggested for agricultural, agricultural economics and agribusiness instruction are encompassed by this approach.
The Multiwavelength Survey by Yale-Chile (MUSYC): Survey Design and Deep Public UBVRIz' Images and Catalogs of the Extended Hubble Deep Field South
Creators: name: MUSYC Collaboration
name: Gawiser, E.
name: van Dokkum, P. G.
name: Herrera, D.
name: Maza, J.
name: Castander, F. J.
name: Infante, L.
name: Lira, P.
name: Quadri, R.
name: Toner, R.
name: Treister, E.
name: Urry, C. M.
name: Altmann, M.
name: Assef, R.
name: Christlein, D.
name: Coppi, P. S.
name: Duran, M. F.
name: Franx, M.
name: Galaz, G.
name: Huerta, L.
name: Liu, C.
name: Lopez, S.
name: Mendez, R.
name: Moore, D. C.
name: Rubio, M.
name: Ruiz, M. T.
name: Toft, S.
name: Yi, S. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present UBVRIz' optical images of the 0.32 square degree Extended Hubble Deep Field South. This is one of four fields comprising the MUSYC survey, which is optimized for the study of galaxies at z=3, AGN demographics, and Galactic structure. We calculate corrected aperture photometry and its uncertainties and find through tests that these provide a significant improvement upon standard techniques. Our photometric catalog of 62968 objects is complete to a total magnitude of R_AB=25. We select z=3 Lyman break galaxy (LBG) candidates from their UVR colors and find a sky surface density of 1.4/sq. arcmin and an angular correlation function w(theta) = 2.3+-1.0 theta^{-0.8}. (Abridged)
description: Astrophysical Journal Supplements, in press, 19 pages including 19 figures. Images and catalog are available at http://www.astro.yale.edu/MUSYC
The Information Technology Revolution and Higher Education
Creators: name: Nelson, Gerald C.
name: Nelson, Gerald C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession
subject: Induced innovation
subject: Learning technologies
subject: World Wide Web

description: Higher education is under pressure from state legislatures and other clients to reduce costs. Two information technologies - increased computing power on the desktop and the World Wide Web - have shifted out the meta production function for instruction in higher education. The theory of induced innovation provides hypotheses about the kinds of educational practices that will attract technological change. Several sources of inefficiency in higher education are identified and likely technology-driven changes suggested. These innovations will provide the means to reduce costs in higher education.
Additional file 5 of Elimination of “kitome” and “splashome” contamination results in lack of detection of a unique placental microbiome
Creators: name: Olomu, Isoken Nicholas
name: Pena-Cortes, Luis Carlos
name: Long, Robert A.
name: Vyas, Arpita
name: Krichevskiy, Olha
name: Luellwitz, Ryan
name: Singh, Pallavi
name: Mulks, Martha H.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 5: Fig. S5. The microbial community at the family level in samples from the expanded study. The top 25 families (of 90 total identified) in two separate placental samples (P1 and P2), cord blood (CB), maternal blood (MB) and blanks from GDM, normal BMI, and obese patients, are shown. Each column shows the sum of all samples in that group, i.e., 10 P1, P2, CB and MB samples for each group, except GDM CB and MB which contain only 8 patient samples each. Blanks contain 53 separate samples. Total reads for each set of samples is indicated below each column. Colored bars illustrate the percentage of total reads classified into specific families. Families are color coded to match the phyla in previous figures, e.g., families in the phylum Firmicutes are depicted in shades of blue while families in the Phylum Proteobacteria are depicted in shades of green. Uncl. = unclassified; Inc. Sed. = Incertae Sedis.
Floquet-Enhanced Spin Swaps
Creators: name: Qiao, Haifeng
name: Kandel, Yadav P.
name: Van Dyke, John S.
name: Fallahi, Saeed
name: Gardner, Geoffrey C.
name: Manfra, Michael J.
name: Barnes, Edwin
name: Nichol, John M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The transfer of information between quantum systems is essential for quantum communication and computation. In quantum computers, high connectivity between qubits can improve the efficiency of algorithms, assist in error correction, and enable high-fidelity readout. However, as with all quantum gates, operations to transfer information between qubits can suffer from errors associated with spurious interactions and disorder between qubits, among other things. Here, we harness interactions and disorder between qubits to improve a swap operation for spin eigenstates in semiconductor gate-defined quantum-dot spins. We use a system of four electron spins, which we configure as two exchange-coupled singlet-triplet qubits. Our approach, which relies on the physics underlying discrete time crystals, enhances the quality factor of spin-eigenstate swaps by up to an order of magnitude. Our results show how interactions and disorder in multi-qubit systems can stabilize non-trivial quantum operations and suggest potential uses for non-equilibrium quantum phenomena, like time crystals, in quantum information processing applications. Our results also confirm the long-predicted emergence of effective Ising interactions between exchange-coupled singlet-triplet qubits.
description: v2: 11+2 pages, 5+3 figures
Predicting parton energy loss in small collision systems
Creators: name: Huss, Alexander
name: Kurkela, Aleksi
name: Mazeliauskas, Aleksas
name: Paatelainen, Risto
name: van der Schee, Wilke
name: Wiedemann, Urs Achim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Medium induced parton energy loss is not conclusively established neither in very peripheral heavy-ion collisions nor in proton-ion collisions. However, the standard interpretation of azimuthal momentum anisotropies in theses systems implies some partonic rescattering. The upcoming light-ion runs at the LHC provide a unique opportunity to search for parton energy loss in different systems of similar size. Here, we make predictions for the expected parton energy loss signal in the charged hadron spectra in a system size scan at LHC. We test a large set of model assumptions against the transverse momentum and centrality dependence of the charged hadron nuclear modification factor in lead-lead and xenon-xenon collisions at the LHC. We then attempt to make a model agnostic prediction for the charged hadron nuclear modification factor in oxygen-oxygen collisions.
description: 19 pages, 14 figures, companion paper of "Discovering partonic rescattering in light nucleus collisions"; v2: small corrections and updates, published version
Additional file 3 of Elimination of “kitome” and “splashome” contamination results in lack of detection of a unique placental microbiome
Creators: name: Olomu, Isoken Nicholas
name: Pena-Cortes, Luis Carlos
name: Long, Robert A.
name: Vyas, Arpita
name: Krichevskiy, Olha
name: Luellwitz, Ryan
name: Singh, Pallavi
name: Mulks, Martha H.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 3: Fig. S3. The placental microbial community from the pilot study samples at the phylum level. Colored bars illustrate the percentage of total reads classified into specific phyla. The last column in each group shows the average for that set of blank controls or patients. These average columns are repeated on the far right for ease of comparison, and are labeled B = blank, G = GDM, N = normal, and O = obese. Note that placental samples from this pilot study included 2 each from 16 patients and triplicate samples from 1 patient for a total of 35.
Counting fermionic zero modes on M5 with fluxes
Creators: name: Kallosh, Renata
name: Kashani-Poor, Amir-Kian
name: Tomasiello, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the Dirac equation on an M5 brane wrapped on a divisor in a Calabi--Yau fourfold in the presence of background flux. We reduce the computation of the normal bundle U(1) anomaly to counting the solutions of a finite--dimensional linear system on cohomology. This system depends on the choice of flux. In an example, we find that the presence of flux changes the anomaly and allows instanton corrections to the superpotential which would otherwise be absent.
description: 14 pages. v2: reference added, typos corrected, few changes
Improving Performance in Combinatorial Optimization Problems with Inequality Constraints: An Evaluation of the Unbalanced Penalization Method on D-Wave Advantage
Creators: name: Montanez-Barrera, Jhon Alejandro
name: van den Heuvel, Pim
name: Willsch, Dennis
name: Michielsen, Kristel
Publisher: name: Forschungzentrum Jülich
Year: 2023

description: 2023 IEEE International Conference on Quantum Computing and Engineering (QCE), Bellevue, WA, USA, 17 Sep 2023 - 22 Sep 2023; doi:10.1109/QCE57702.2023.00067
description: Combinatorial optimization problems are one ofthe target applications of current quantum technology, mainly because of their industrial relevance, the difficulty of solving large instances of them classically, and their equivalence to Ising Hamiltonians using the quadratic unconstrained binary optimization (QUBO) formulation. Many of these applications have inequality constraints, usually encoded as penalization terms in the QUBO formulation using additional variables known as slack variables. The slack variables have two disadvantages: (i) these variables extend the search space of optimal and suboptimal solutions, and (ii) the variables add extra qubits and connections to the quantum algorithm. Recently, a new method known as unbalanced penalization has been presented to avoid using slack variables. This method offers a trade-off between additional slack variables to ensure that the optimal solution is given by the ground state of the Ising Hamiltonian, and using an unbalanced heuristic function to penalize the region where the inequality constraint is violated with the only certainty that the optimal solution will be in the vicinity of the ground state. This work tests the unbalanced penalization method using real quantum hardware on D-Wave Advantage for the traveling salesman problem (TSP). The results show that the unbalanced penalization method outperforms the solutions found using slack variables and sets a new record for the largest TSP solved with quantum
An Intermediate Phase at the Metal-Insulator Boundary in a Magnetically Doped Two-Dimensional Electron System
Creators: name: Jaroszynski, J.
name: Andrearczyk, T.
name: Karczewski, G.
name: Wróbel, J.
name: Wojtowicz, T.
name: Popovic, Dragana
name: Dietl, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A magnetotransport study in magnetically doped (Cd,Mn)Te 2D quantum wells reveals an apparent metal-insulator transition as well as an anomalous intermediate phase just on its metallic side. This phase is characterized by colossal magnetoresistance-like phenomena, which are assigned to the phase separation of the electron fluid and the associated emergence of ferromagnetic bubbles.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, title changed, text rewritten
Hall resistance and Lorenz ratio models in YBa2Cu3O7
Creators: name: Arulsamy, Andrew Das
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The 2D models of heat capacity, its conductivity ($κ$), Hall resistance ($R_H$) and the Lorenz ratio ($\mathcal{L}$) have been derived using the ionization energy ($E_I$) based Fermi-Dirac statistics (iFDS). These models reproduce the experimentally measured $ρ(T)$ and $R_H(T)$. The variation of $\mathcal{L}$ is proportional to 1/T due to electron-phonon ($e$-$ph$) scattering in $κ$. However, the $e$-$ph$ coupling in the electrical resistivity has the polaronic effect that complies with iFDS, rather than the $e$-$ph$ scattering that satisfies the Bloch-Grüneisen formula. These models are purely Fermi liquid and are not associated with any microscopic theories of high-Tc superconductors.
description: Revised with theoretical details
Order of the Chiral and Continuum Limits in Staggered Chiral Perturbation Theory
Creators: name: Bernard, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Durr and Hoelbling recently observed that the continuum and chiral limits do not commute in the two dimensional, one flavor, Schwinger model with staggered fermions. I point out that such lack of commutativity can also be seen in four-dimensional staggered chiral perturbation theory (SChPT) in quenched or partially quenched quantities constructed to be particularly sensitive to the chiral limit. Although the physics involved in the SChPT examples is quite different from that in the Schwinger model, neither singularity seems to be connected to the trick of taking the nth root of the fermion determinant to remove unwanted degrees of freedom ("tastes"). Further, I argue that the singularities in SChPT are absent in most commonly-computed quantities in the unquenched (full) QCD case and do not imply any unexpected systematic errors in recent MILC calculations with staggered fermions.
description: 14 pages, 1 figure. v3: Spurious symbol, introduced by conflicting tex macros, removed. Clarification of discussion in several places
Control of spontaneous emission dynamics in microcavities with chiral exceptional surfaces
Creators: name: Zhong, Q.
name: Hashemi, A.
name: Ozdemir, S. K.
name: El-Ganainy, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate spontaneous emission from a quantum emitter located within the mode volume of a microring resonator that features chiral exceptional points. We show that this configuration offers enough degrees of freedom to exhibit a full control to either enhance or suppress the emission process. Particularly, we demonstrate that the Purcell factor can be enhanced by a factor of two beyond its value in an identical microring operating at a diabolic point. Our conclusions, which are derived using a non-Hermitian Hamiltonian formalism, are confirmed by employing full-wave simulations of realistic photonic structures and materials. Our results offer a straightforward route to improve the performance of single photon sources using current photonics technology without the need for building optical resonators with ultrahigh quality factors or nanoscale volumes.
The white dwarf cooling sequence in NGC 6791
Creators: name: Bedin, L. R.
name: Salaris, M.
name: Piotto, G.
name: King, I. R.
name: Anderson, J.
name: Cassisi, S.
name: Momany, Y.
name: .
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the old, populous, and metal-rich open cluster NGC 6791 we have used deep HST/ACS images to track the white dwarf cooling sequence down to m_F606W~28.5. The white dwarf luminosity function shows a well defined peak at m_F606W~27.4, and a bending to the blue in the color--magnitude diagram. If this peak corresponds to the end of the white dwarf cooling sequence the comparison with theoretical isochrones provides a cluster age estimate of ~2.4 Gyr, in sharp contrast with the age of 8--9 Gyr inferred from the main-sequence turn-off. If the end is at fainter magnitudes, the peak at m_F606W~27.4 is even more enigmatic. We discuss possible causes, none of them very convincing.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures. Accepted (2005 March 17) on ApJ Letter
Detailed balance has a counterpart in non-equilibrium steady states
Creators: name: Evans, R. M. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When modelling driven steady states of matter, it is common practice either to choose transition rates arbitrarily, or to assume that the principle of detailed balance remains valid away from equilibrium. Neither of those practices is theoretically well founded. Hypothesising ergodicity constrains the transition rates in driven steady states to respect relations analogous to, but different from the equilibrium principle of detailed balance. The constraints arise from demanding that the design of any model system contains no information extraneous to the microscopic laws of motion and the macroscopic observables. This prevents over-description of the non-equilibrium reservoir, and implies that not all stochastic equations of motion are equally valid. The resulting recipe for transition rates has many features in common with equilibrium statistical mechanics.
description: Replaced with minor revisions to introduction and conclusions. Accepted for publication in Journal of Physics A
Magnetization Reversal and Nanoscopic Magnetic Phase Separation in Doped La1-xSrxCoO3
Creators: name: Davies, Joseph E.
name: Wu, J.
name: Leighton, C.
name: Liu, Kai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The doped perovskite cobaltite La1-xSrxCoO3 (LSCO) has been advanced as a model system for studying intrinsic magnetic phase separation. We have employed a first-order reversal curve (FORC) method to probe the amount of irreversible switching in bulk polycrystalline LSCO as a function of Sr doping, field cooling procedure, and temperature. The value of the FORC distribution, rho, is used as a measure of the extent of irreversible switching. For x < 0.18, the small values of rho and its ridge-like distribution along local coercivity (Hc) and zero bias (Hb), are characteristic of non-interacting single domain particles. This is consistent with the formation of an array of isolated nanoscopic ferromagnetic clusters, as observed in previous work. For x >= 0.18, the much larger values of rho, the tilting of its distribution towards negative bias field, and the emergence of regions with negative rho, are consistent with increased long-range ferromagnetic ordering. The FORC distributions display little dependence on the cooling procedure. With increasing temperature, the fraction of irreversible switching determined from the FORC distribution follows closely the ferromagnetic phase fraction measured by La nuclear magnetic resonance. Our results furthermore demonstrate that the FORC method is a valuable first-pass characterization tool for magnetic phase separation.
description: 30 pages, 8 figures, to appear in PRB
Purchasing Patterns of Hog Producers: Implications for Rural Agribusiness
Creators: name: Lawrence, John D.
name: Otto, Daniel M.
name: Meyer, Seth D.
name: Lawrence, John D.
name: Otto, Daniel M.
name: Meyer, Seth D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Rural business
subject: Pork production
subject: Purchasing decisions

description: The consolidation of pork production into fewer and larger operations has implications for rural agribusiness that have traditionally serviced producers. This study examines purchasing patterns of existing pork producers for production inputs by size of operation. Distance traveled to purchase inputs and reasons for bypassing the nearest supplier are evaluated as are the characteristics to be competitive in the pork industry are those most likely to bypass the local supplier.
title: Sustainable internationalisation for a sustainable Europe
title: The role of Higher Education internationalisation in fostering a more environmentally friendly continent
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Alves, Helena
name: Di Marzo, Paola
name: Drayson, Rachel
name: Romanowicz, Joanna
Publisher: name: Green Erasmus Partnership
Year: 2023

description: The policy recommendations aim to showcase to policy and decision makers how Higher Education internationalisation can play a role in achieving the sustainability goals of the EU.

The Green Erasmus project strived to improve the environmental sustainability of the Erasmus+ Programme and raise awareness across the European Higher Education sector about the importance of sustainable internationalisation. The project focused on developing an Educational Portal on Sustainable Internationalisation and carrying out comprehensive analysis of the environmental impact of Erasmus mobilities.
Testing $F(Q)$ gravity with redshift space distortions
Creators: name: Barros, Bruno J.
name: Barreiro, Tiago
name: Koivisto, Tomi
name: Nunes, Nelson J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A Bayesian statistical analysis using redshift space distortions data is performed to test a model of Symmetric Teleparallel Gravity where gravity is non-metrical. The cosmological background mimics a $Λ$CDM evolution but differences arise in the perturbations. The linear matter fluctuations are numerically evolved and the study of the growth rate of structures is analysed in this cosmological setting. The best fit parameters reveal that the $σ_8$ tension between Planck and Large Scale Structure data can be alleviated within this framework.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
Optimising the flow through a concertinaed filtration membrane
Creators: name: Pereira, Victoria E.
name: Dalwadi, Mohit P.
name: Ruiz-Trejo, Enrique
name: Griffiths, Ian M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Membrane filtration is a vital industrial process, with applications including air purification and blood filtration. In this paper, we study the optimal design for a concertinaed filtration membrane composed of angled porous membranes and dead-ends. We examine how the filter performance depends on the angle, position, thickness, and permeance of the membrane, through a combination of numerical and asymptotic approaches, the latter in the limit of a slightly angled membrane. We find that, for a membrane of fixed angle and physical properties, there can exist multiple membrane positions that maximise the flux for an applied pressure difference. More generally, we show that while the maximal flux achievable depends on the membrane thickness and permeance, the optimal membrane configuration is always in one of two setups: centred and diagonal across the full domain; or angled and in the corner of the domain.
description: 24 pages, 10 figures