cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: A Strategy For Reducing Emissions Of Greenhouse Gases From Personal Travel In Britain
Creators: name: Hughes, Peter Samuel
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 1992

description: The presence of 'greenhouse gases' in the atmosphere has a warming effect on the biosphere, making the world habitable for life. Human activities, particularly energy use and deforestation, are increasing the concentration of these gases, and in particular carbon dioxide (CO2). Many climatologists believe that the global temperature is beginning to rise as a result. The intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has recommended that emissions of CO2 be cut by 60 per cent in order to stabilise the atmospheric concentration of this gas and to minimise the resulting disruption to the world's climate.

 Transport is currently Britain's fastest growing source of carbon dioxide, the principal anthropogenic greenhouse gas. An assessment is made of the relative contributions to CO2 emissions of different forms of travel, and trends in energy use are surveyed. Emissions of CO2 from 'secondary' sources, such as vehicle production, are also examined.

 A computer model called SPACE is described, which was developed in order to assess CO2 emissions under different policy scenarios up to the year 2025. A 'business as usual' scenario predicts that emissions will rise substantially, mainly as a result of an ongoing rise in road traffic. This contrasts with the Government's stated aim of stabilising emissions of CO2 at the 1990 level by 2000.

 A modification of this scenario, in which technological improvements to vehicles are vigorously applied, shows a reduced growth in emissions. A third scenario then examines the effect of a combination of technological and demand management policies, and demonstrates a significant reduction in emissions. Scenario 3 adopts what are seen as fairly modest policy measures, making use of their synergistic effect. The main justification for this 'non-radical' approach is public and political acceptability. It is, however, recognised that most of the policy measures could be applied more vigorously if required

 If it is assumed that transport is allotted a less stringent target than other energy-consuming sectors, the reduction in emissions projected in Scenario 3 is consistent with the IPCC goal of atmospheric CO2 stabilisation.

 Data sets compiled as part of the SPACE model can be made available on request.
Quantum-only metrics in spherically symmetric gravity
Creators: name: Modanese, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Einstein action for the gravitational field has some properties which make of it, after quantization, a rare prototype of systems with quantum configurations that do not have a classical analogue. Assuming spherical symmetry in order to reduce the effective dimensionality, we have performed a Monte Carlo simulation of the path integral with transition probability $e^{-β|S|}$. Although this choice does not allow to reproduce the full dynamics, it does lead us to find a large ensemble of metric configurations having action $|S|\ll \hbar$ by several magnitude orders. These vacuum fluctuations are strong deformations of the flat space metric (for which $S=0$ exactly). They exhibit a periodic polarization in the scalar curvature $R$. In the simulation we fix a length scale $L$ and divide it into $N$ sub-intervals. The continuum limit is investigated by increasing $N$ up to $\sim 10^6$; the average squared action $\langle S^2 \rangle$ is found to scale as $1/N^2$ and thermalization of the algorithm occurs at a very low temperature (classical limit). This is in qualitative agreement with analytical results previously obtained for theories with stabilized conformal factor in the asymptotic safety scenario.
description: 15 pages, 8 figures. Final journal version
Prompt Tuning for Audio Deepfake Detection: Computationally Efficient Test-time Domain Adaptation with Limited Target Dataset
Creators: name: Oiso, Hideyuki
name: Matsunaga, Yuto
name: Kakizaki, Kazuya
name: Miyagawa, Taiki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: We study test-time domain adaptation for audio deepfake detection (ADD), addressing three challenges: (i) source-target domain gaps, (ii) limited target dataset size, and (iii) high computational costs. We propose an ADD method using prompt tuning in a plug-in style. It bridges domain gaps by integrating it seamlessly with state-of-the-art transformer models and/or with other fine-tuning methods, boosting their performance on target data (challenge (i)). In addition, our method can fit small target datasets because it does not require a large number of extra parameters (challenge (ii)). This feature also contributes to computational efficiency, countering the high computational costs typically associated with large-scale pre-trained models in ADD (challenge (iii)). We conclude that prompt tuning for ADD under domain gaps presents a promising avenue for enhancing accuracy with minimal target data and negligible extra computational burden.
description: Accepted at Interspeech 2024. Hideyuki Oiso and Yuto Matsunaga contributed equally
Quantum three-coloring dimer model and the disruptive effect of quantum glassiness on its line of critical points
Creators: name: Castelnovo, Claudio
name: Chamon, Claudio
name: Mudry, Christopher
name: Pujol, Pierre
name: .
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct a quantum extension of the (classical) three-coloring model introduced by Baxter [J.Math.Phys.11, 784 (1970)] for which the ground state can be computed exactly along a continuous line of Rokhsar-Kivelson solvable points. The quantum model, which admits a local spin representation, displays at least three different phases; an antiferromagnetic (AF) phase, a line of quantum critical points, and a ferromagnetic (F) phase. We argue that, in the ferromagnetic phase, the system cannot reach dynamically the quantum ground state when coupled to a bath through local interactions, and thus lingers in a state of quantum glassiness.
description: (6 pages, 6 figures) - revised and expanded with additional explanatory paragraphs; published version
LEHETŐSÉGEK ÉS KORLÁTOK A KOMMUNÁLIS HASZNÁLT ÉTOLAJ BEGYŰJTÉSÉBEN PRIMER VIZSGÁLATOK ALAPJÁN
Creators: name: Taralik, Krisztina
name: Taralik, Krisztina
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: bioüzemanyag
subject: lakossági használt étolaj
subject: környezettudatos magatartás
subject: biofluel
subject: communal wasted cooking oil
subject: environmental conscious

description: A fosszilis üzemanyagok legalább részben biohajtóanyagokkal történő helyettesítése egyaránt szolgál társadalmi, környezeti és politikai szempontból is kívánatos célokat. Ezek a szempontok sarkalltak minket is arra, hogy feltárjuk a biohajtóanyag gyártás alternatív inputjaiban rejlő lehetőségeket, ezen belül is a lakossági használt étolaj begyűjtésében rejlő potenciál vizsgálatával már több éve kezdtünk el foglalkozni. Gyöngyös területén 2011. előtt egyetlen szervezet sem foglalkozott a kommunális használt étolaj begyűjtésével. 2011-ben szinte egy időben 3 új lehetőség is nyílt arra, hogy a lakosság környezettudatosan szabaduljon meg a sütésből visszamaradó használt étolajtól. Egyik az általunk kifejlesztett kísérleti logisztikai rendszer, melynek ötlete abból a kérdésből született, hogy vajon néhány deciliter olajat a lakosok hajlandóak-e elvinni a városszéli hulladékudvarokig, vagy a MOL kútig, vagy jóval hatékonyabbnak bizonyulna-e egy ezeknél kényelmesebb megoldás. Logisztikai rendszerünket 2011. július 1-től 2012. június 30-ig, azaz egy teljes évet átfogóan működtettük. Ennek az egy évnek a főbb tapasztalatait összegzi a tanulmány, összevetve a 3 párhuzamosan működő környezettudatos megoldás tapasztalatait. ---------------------------------------------------------- The substitution of fossil fluels - at least partly – by biofluels desired based on social, environmental and political point of views. Based on these aspects we start to explore the possibilities inherent alternative inputs in biofuel production, especially the potential inherent in the collection of used cooking oil, that we’ve already started to deal with for several years ago. The communal wasted cooking oil was nobody collected in Gyöngyös before 2011. But in 2011, at almost the same time, 3 new possibilities appeared in this town to provide the environmental conscious behaviour for the population to solve the problem of wasted cooking oil. One of these is the experimental logistic system developed by us. Our idea came from the question: Are the people willing to take a long distance to the waste depot or the to the MOL station with a few amount of cooking oil? Is a more comfortable solution influencing/developing their behaviour significantly? Our logistic system ran from 1st of July of 2011 to 30th of Jun of 2012, so extended for a whole year period. This study is about the main experiences of this year, by means of comparison the experiences of the three environmental conscious possibilities.
Correlating AGP on a quantum computer
Creators: name: Khamoshi, Armin
name: Evangelista, Francesco A.
name: Scuseria, Gustavo E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For variational algorithms on the near term quantum computing hardware, it is highly desirable to use very accurate ansatze with low implementation cost. Recent studies have shown that the antisymmetrized geminal power (AGP) wavefunction can be an excellent starting point for ansatze describing systems with strong pairing correlations, as those occurring in superconductors. In this work, we show how AGP can be efficiently implemented on a quantum computer with circuit depth, number of CNOTs, and number of measurements being linear in system size. Using AGP as the initial reference, we propose and implement a unitary correlator on AGP and benchmark it on the ground state of the pairing Hamiltonian. The results show highly accurate ground state energies in all correlation regimes of this model Hamiltonian.
TopOC: Topological Deep Learning for Ovarian and Breast Cancer Diagnosis
Creators: name: Fatema, Saba
name: Nuwagira, Brighton
name: Chakraborty, Sayoni
name: Gedik, Reyhan
name: Coskunuzer, Baris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Microscopic examination of slides prepared from tissue samples is the primary tool for detecting and classifying cancerous lesions, a process that is time-consuming and requires the expertise of experienced pathologists. Recent advances in deep learning methods hold significant potential to enhance medical diagnostics and treatment planning by improving accuracy, reproducibility, and speed, thereby reducing clinicians' workloads and turnaround times. However, the necessity for vast amounts of labeled data to train these models remains a major obstacle to the development of effective clinical decision support systems.
 In this paper, we propose the integration of topological deep learning methods to enhance the accuracy and robustness of existing histopathological image analysis models. Topological data analysis (TDA) offers a unique approach by extracting essential information through the evaluation of topological patterns across different color channels. While deep learning methods capture local information from images, TDA features provide complementary global features. Our experiments on publicly available histopathological datasets demonstrate that the inclusion of topological features significantly improves the differentiation of tumor types in ovarian and breast cancers.
title: Hydrogen Permeation Through Nickel And Nickel Alloys: Surface Reactions And Trapping
Creators: name: Altunoglu, Abdulkadir
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 1994

description: The frequency variations of attenuation and phase lag of the modulated gas flow through thin metal foils have characteristic features whether permeation is diffusion controlled, is influenced by surface reactions or affected by internal trapping.

Analysis of data obtained for hydrogen permeation through nickel show that hydrogen is dissociatively chemisorbed in nickel.

The permeation parameters diffusivity, permeability and surface reaction rate obtained for nickel are:

D/(m2s-1) = 7.12 x 1-7 exp [-4.64 x 103/RT/(K)]

Pm/(molH2m-1s-1Pa-1/2 = 3.35 x 10-7 exp[-54.25 x 103/RT/(K)]

Ksm/(molH2m-3Pa-1/2) = 0.47 exp[-13.6 x 103/RT/(K)]

K1/(molH2m-2s-1Pa-1) = 1.44 x 1-6 exp[-29.68 x 103/RT/(K)]

Where R=8314Jmol-1

The experiments conducted on cold-worked nickel have revealed that hydrogen is trapped within the bulk during the permeation in this material.

A series of experiments conducted on cold worked nickel+2% thoria has also revealed that hydrogen is trapped within the bulk during the permeation. Analysis of data obtained for cold worked nickel+2% thoria suggest that hydrogen is trapped at the dislocation networks around thoria particles.

Frequency variation of attenuation and phase lag of the modulated flow show that hydrogen trapping in both cold-worked nickel and nickel+2% thoria is in dynamic equilibrium. A trap depth of 40 kJ/mol has been obtained for nickel+2% thoria.
Characterization of bulk nanobubbles formed by using a porous alumina film with ordered nanopores
Creators: name: Ma, Teng
name: Kimura, Yasuo
name: Yamamoto, Hideaki
name: Feng, Xingyao
name: Hirano-Iwata, Ayumi
name: Niwano, Michio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gaseous nanobubbles (NBs), with their unique physicochemical properties and promising applications, have become an important research topic. Generation of monodispersed bulk NBs with specified gas content remains a challenge. We developed a simple method for generating bulk NBs, using porous alumina films with ordered straight nano-scaled holes. Different techniques, such as nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and infrared absorption spectroscopy (IRAS), are used to confirm NB formation. The NTA data demonstrates that the minimum size of the NBs formed is less than 100 nm, which is comparable to the diameter of nanoholes in the porous alumina film. By generating NBs with different gases, including CO2, O2, N2, Ar, and He, we discovered that the minimum size of NBs negatively correlated with the solubility of encapsulated gases in water. Due to the monodispersed size of NBs generated from the highly ordered porous alumina, we determined that NB size is distributed discretely with a uniform increment factor of sqrt(2). To explain the observed characteristic size distribution of NBs, we propose a simple model in which two NBs of the same size are assumed to preferentially coalesce. This characteristic bubble size distribution is useful for elucidating the basic characteristics of nanobubbles, such as the long-term stability of NBs. This distribution can also be used to develop new applications of NBs, for example, nano-scaled reaction fields through bubble coalescence.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures
Da elaboração de uma taxonomia voltada às Humanidades Digitais no cenário brasileiro a TaDiRAH e sua proposta multilíngue
Creators: name: Cavalcanti, Márcia
name: Regly, Tainá
name: Pimenta, Ricardo
name: Freire, Elizabeth
name: Castro, Renan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: Apresentação realizada na sessão Comunicação I da 13ª Conferência Lusófona de Ciência Aberta, formato híbrido, de 10 a 12 de outubro de 2022.
LINGUACULTURAL ASPECTS OF VERBS SENSE PERCEPTION IN UZBEKISTAN AND ENGLISH LANGUAGE
Creators: name: Meyliyeva, Nigora
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Due to increasing interests and demands towards learning English language in our country, it has been already important to know it. Every language distinguish between each other according to their challenges and complexes. However, thanks to being developed  modern methods and techniques of teaching English language easily, it gives us opportunities to acquire it quickly. . In recent decades, the Republic of Uzbekistan has paid great attention to the education system. In order to achieve these goals, it is necessary to train competitive, creative specialists, fluent in foreign languages.  In this article, I will try to shed on the light aspects of perception verbs and how much they are essential to employ them appropriately. And also in Uzbek language, it differs from some peculiarities.
Origin of spontaneous electric dipoles in homonuclear niobium clusters
Creators: name: Andersen, Kristopher
name: Kumar, Vijay
name: Kawazoe, Yoshiyuki
name: Pickett, Warren
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Surprisingly large spontaneous electric dipole moments recently observed in homonuclear niobium clusters below 100 K (Moro el. al. Science 300, 1265 (2003)) are explained using first-principles electronic structure calculations. The calculated moments for Nb(n) (n <= 15) closely follow the experimental data in which large dipole moments are seen for n = 11-14. We establish that the dipoles are strongly correlated with the geometrical asymmetry of the clusters. The magnitude of the dipole moment is roughly proportional to the spread in the principal moments of inertia and its direction tends to align along the axis of the largest principal moment. Charge deformation densities reveal directional, partially covalent bonds that enhance the formation of asymmetric geometries. Classical simulations of the deflection of a cluster in a molecular beam reveal that the electronic dipole may persist at higher temperatures, but is masked by the rotational dynamics of the cluster.
Two lectures on color superconductivity
Creators: name: Shovkovy, Igor A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The first lecture provides an introduction to the physics of color superconductivity in cold dense quark matter. The main color superconducting phases are briefly described and their properties are listed. The second lecture covers recent developments in studies of color superconducting phases in neutral and beta-equilibrated matter. The properties of gapless color superconducting phases are discussed.
description: 56 pages, 9 figures. Minor corrections and references added. Lectures delivered at the IARD 2004 conference, Saas Fee, Switzerland, June 12 - 19, 2004, and at the Helmholtz International Summer School and Workshop on Hot points in Astrophysics and Cosmology, JINR, Dubna, Russia, August 2 - 13, 2004
title: Ecodesign
Creators: name: Dewberry, Emma
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 1996

description: Environmental degradation and concepts of 'sustainability' have recently become a focus of political, commercial and social concern. This thesis addresses one of the issues concerning human impact on the environment, namely the environmental awareness and action of those involved with design and development. This project provides an overview of designers' current attitudes to environmentally responsible design and investigates design that is perceived to be more environmentally responsible. The research was exploratory and qualitative in nature. The postal and telephone pilot surveys and the main study of 20 in-depth interviews were carried out with individuals involved in design and development in design consultancies and a range of design-based manufacturing companies within the UK. It was found that most designers were unaware of many of the issues surrounding environmentally responsible design. Few companies were including environmental criteria within design and development processes, the exceptions generally responding to legislative or market demands. Three main levels of environmentally responsible design are discussed in this project; green design addresses a focus on one or two environmental impacts of a product, ecodesign refers to a comprehensive product lifecycle design strategy, and sustainable design  describes a move beyond the current context of design and questions, for example, the need, value, and ethics of a product's development. The significant qualitative data gathered during the project led to the development of a visual analysis method, the 'Environmental footprint'. Different types of business approach (proactive, reactive and cynical) to incorporating environmental issues within product development emerged from this analysis. These were further developed into a hierarchy of environmental business strategies which aided the identification of approaches that relied on 'bottom-up' action (e.g., action of an individual 'environmental champion' within the company), and those which tended to be a result of 'top-down' action (e.g., a company's strategic environmental policy). The research showed that to achieve effective, long-term environmentally responsible design and development the following are desirable: (a) design-specific information on environmentally responsible design, (b) effective communication channels within companies and throughout the supply chain, and (c) greater understanding of the qualities and scope of design by senior management. The research also questions how a design profession focused almost entirely on increasing the production and consumption of goods can re-evaluate its role in society and move towards a more responsible and environmentally sustainable existence. 'Sustainable design' is discussed as a concept which moves beyond 'green design' and 'ecodesign', and hence the remit of the designer, to one which can only be successfully addressed by a change in the political and economic global development system.
Uwarunkowania rozwoju przemysłu spożywczego po przystąpieniu Polski do UE
Creators: name: Kociszewski, Michał
name: Szwacka-Mokrzycka, Joanna
name: Kociszewski, Michał
name: Szwacka-Mokrzycka, Joanna
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: food industry
subject: competitiveness of food industry
subject: export of food products
subject: marketing strategies
subject: / przemysł spożywczy
subject: konkurencyjność przemysłu spożywczego
subject: eksport produktów spożywczych
subject: strategie marketingowe przedsiębiorstw

description: The paper presents an estimation of the Polish food industry's attractiveness and the implications of competition strategy. Special attention was paid to the choice of marketing strategy options for big and small companies. For typology marketing strategy a new methodological approach, consisting in a complementary utilisation of quantitative and qualitative methods, is used. In subsequent years, the price and cost advantages will diminish due to an increased activity of food producers from outside and inside of the EU. The competitiveness in foreign markets is a result of low prices and production costs, innovations, but also the effectiveness of marketing management. / Synopsis. Artykuł przedstawia rolę i znaczenie czynników określających konkurencyjność przemysłu spożywczego po przystąpieniu Polski do UE. Omówione zostały kierunki rozwoju przetwórstwa spożywczego w Polsce na tle UE. Podkreślone zostały uwarunkowania konkurencyjności przemysłu spożywczego. Osobne miejsce w prezentowanym artykule zajęła typologia strategii marketingowych dla przedsiębiorstw przemysłu spożywczego. Ustalono, iż w kolejnych latach przewagi kosztowo- cenowe będą ulegały zmniejszeniu ze względu na wzrost aktywności producentów żywności spoza UE i w jej obrębie. Podkreślono, że konkurencyjność na rynkach zagranicznych jest efektem niskich cen i kosztów produkcji, innowacyjności, ale też efektywności zarządzania marketingowego.
Deep-Ocean Crusts as Telescopes: Using Live Radioisotopes to Probe Supernova Nucleosynthesis
Creators: name: Fields, Brian D.
name: Hochmuth, Kathrin A.
name: Ellis, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Live 60Fe has recently been detected in a deep-ocean ferromanganese crust, isolated in layers dating from about 3 Myr ago. Since 60Fe has a mean life of 2.2 Myr, a near-Earth supernova is the only likely source for such a signal, and we explore here the consequences of a supernova origin. We combine the 60Fe data with several supernova nucleosynthesis models to calculate the supernova distance as a function of progenitor mass, finding an allowed range of 15-120 pc. We also predict the signals expected for several other radioisotopes, which are independent of the supernova distance. Species likely to be present near or above background levels are 10Be, 26Al, 53Mn, 182Hf and 244Pu. Of these, 182Hf and 244Pu are nearly background-free, presenting the best opportunities to provide strong confirmation of the supernova origin of the 60Fe signal, and to demonstrate that at least some supernovae are the source for the r-process. The accuracies of our predictions are hampered by large uncertainties in the predicted 60Fe yields for supernovae of different masses, so the new crust data motivate a redoubled theoretical attack on this problem.
description: 13 pages, 2 figures, AASTeX. Comments welcome
Additional file 1 of Association between low pH and unfavorable neurological outcome among out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients treated by extracorporeal CPR: a prospective observational cohort study in Japan
Creators: name: Okada, Yohei
name: Kiguchi, Takeyuki
name: Irisawa, Taro
name: Yoshiya, Kazuhisa
name: Yamada, Tomoki
name: Hayakawa, Koichi
name: Noguchi, Kazuo
name: Nishimura, Tetsuro
name: Ishibe, Takuya
name: Yagi, Yoshiki
name: Kishimoto, Masafumi
name: Shintani, Hiroshi
name: Hayashi, Yasuyuki
name: Sogabe, Taku
name: Morooka, Takaya
name: Sakamoto, Haruko
name: Keitaro Suzuki
name: Nakamura, Fumiko
name: Nishioka, Norihiro
name: Matsuyama, Tasuku
name: Sado, Junya
name: Matsui, Satoshi
name: Shimazu, Takeshi
name: Koike, Kaoru
name: Kawamura, Takashi
name: Tetsuhisa Kitamura
name: Iwami, Taku
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: S-Table 1. The characteristics of patients with missing BGA. S-Table 2. Original cohort (N=260). S-Table 3. Expected outcome among the excluded patients in the assumption (N=123). S-Table 4. The crude and adjusted ORs of other covariates. S-Table 5. The results of sensitivity analysis. S-Figure. Flow chart in sensitivity analysis.
Strong Jordan separation and applications to rigidity
Creators: name: Lafont, J. -F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove that simple, thick hyperbolic P-manifolds of dimension >2 exhibit Mostow rigidity. We also prove a quasi-isometry rigidity result for the fundamental groups of simple, thick hyperbolic P-manifolds of dimension >2. The key tool in the proofs of these rigidity results is a strong form of the Jordan separation theorem, for maps from S^n to S^{n+1} which are not necessarily injective.
description: 25 pages; shorter proofs of Lemmas 2.4, 2.5, minor typos corrected, added references
Supplemental material for "Assessing different cross-validation schemes for predicting novel traits using sensor data: an application to dry matter intake and residual feed intake using milk spectral data"
Creators: name: Yilmaz Adkinson, Asiye
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 300207
subject: Agricultural systems analysis and modelling

description: Supplementary Web File S2
Free energy and phase transition of the matrix model on a plane-wave
Creators: name: Hadizadeh, Shirin
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: It has recently been observed that the weakly coupled plane wave matrix model has a density of states which grows exponentially at high energy. This implies that the model has a phase transition. The transition appears to be of first order. However, its exact nature is sensitive to interactions. In this thesis, we analyze the effect of interaction by computing the relevant parts of the effective potential for the Polyakov loop operator in the finite temperature plane-wave matrix model to three loop order. We also compute correction to the Hagedorn temperature to order two loops.
An adjoint optimization approach for the topological design of large-scale district heating networks based on nonlinear models
Creators: name: Blommaert, Maarten
name: Wack, Yannick
name: Baelmans, Martine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This article deals with the problem of finding the best topology, pipe diameter choices, and operation parameters for realistic district heating networks. Present design tools that employ non-linear flow and heat transport models for topological design are limited to small heating networks with up to 20 potential consumers. We introduce an alternative adjoint-based numerical optimization strategy to enable large-scale nonlinear thermal network optimization. In order to avoid a strong computational cost scaling with the network size, we aggregate consumer constraints with a constraint aggregation strategy. Moreover, to align this continuous optimization strategy with the discrete nature of topology optimization and pipe size choices, we present a numerical continuation strategy that gradually forces the design variables towards discrete design choices. As such, optimal network topology and pipe sizes are determined simultaneously. Finally, we demonstrate the scalability of the algorithm by designing a fictitious district heating network with 160 consumers. As a proof-of-concept, the network is optimized for minimal investment cost and pumping power, while keeping the heat supplied to the consumers within a thermal comfort range of 5 %. Starting from a uniform distribution of 15 cm wide piping throughout the network, the novel algorithm finds a network lay-out that reduces piping investment by 23 % and pump-related costs by a factor of 14 in less than an hour on a standard laptop. Moreover, the importance of embedding the non-linear transport model is clear from a temperature-induced variation in the consumer flow rates of 72 %.
Human Identification using Selected Features from Finger Geometric Profiles
Creators: name: Bera, Asish
name: Bhattacharjee, Debotosh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A finger biometric system at an unconstrained environment is presented in this paper. A technique for hand image normalization is implemented at the preprocessing stage that decomposes the main hand contour into finger-level shape representation. This normalization technique follows subtraction of transformed binary image from binary hand contour image to generate the left side of finger profiles (LSFP). Then, XOR is applied to LSFP image and hand contour image to produce the right side of finger profiles (RSFP). During feature extraction, initially, thirty geometric features are computed from every normalized finger. The rank-based forward-backward greedy algorithm is followed to select relevant features and to enhance classification accuracy. Two different subsets of features containing nine and twelve discriminative features per finger are selected for two separate experimentations those use the kNN and the Random Forest (RF) for classification on the Bosphorus hand database. The experiments with the selected features of four fingers except the thumb have obtained improved performances compared to features extracted from five fingers and also other existing methods evaluated on the Bosphorus database. The best identification accuracies of 96.56% and 95.92% using the RF classifier have been achieved for the right- and left-hand images of 638 sub-jects, respectively. An equal error rate of 0.078 is obtained for both types of the hand images.
Naruszenia zasad rolnictwa ekologicznego w Republice Czeskiej
Creators: name: Łapińska, Justyna
name: Łapińska, Justyna
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Farm Management
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Health Economics and Policy
subject: organic agriculture
subject: irregularities
subject: Czech Republic
subject: / rolnictwo ekologiczne
subject: nieprawidłowości
subject: Republika Czeska

description: The aim of this paper is to present the abuses and irregularities which were identified in agriculture, processing industry and trade of ecological products in the Czech Republic. The analysis shows that the most common are the irregularities in labelling the products. Other often occurring abuses are feeding the livestock with fodder disallowed in ecological agriculture and nonconformities with the regulations in keeping records. / Synopsis. Celem opracowania jest analiza nadużyć i nieprawidłowości, jakie zostały zidentyfikowane w rolnictwie, przetwórstwie i handlu produktami ekologicznymi w Republice Czeskiej. Z przeprowadzonej analizy wynika, że do najczęściej występujących nieprawidłowości należą uchybienia w zakresie znakowania produktów. Inne dość często występujące naruszenia zasad produkcji ekologicznej to żywienie zwierząt paszami niedozwolonymi w rolnictwie ekologicznym oraz nieprawidłowości w prowadzeniu ewidencji.
Czynniki różnicujące poziom wsparcia gospodarstw środkami Wspólnej Polityki Rolnej UE
Creators: name: Marcysiak, Agata
name: Marcysiak, Adam
name: Marcysiak, Agata
name: Marcysiak, Adam
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: level of support
subject: type of farming
subject: European Size Unit
subject: European unit of farm size measure
subject: EU CAP measures
subject: / poziom wsparcia
subject: typ rolniczy
subject: ESU
subject: europejska jednostka wielkości gospodarstwa
subject: środki WPR EU

description: The purpose of this study is an attempt to show the scope of the differentiating factors influencing the level of farm support measures in the Common Agricultural Policy. Subject to detailed analysis are direct payments and area payments for less-favored areas (LFA). Their size was considered in relation to the income of agricultural holdings. / Synopsis. Celem niniejszego opracowania jest próba ukazania zakresu oddziaływania czynników różnicujących poziom wsparcia gospodarstw rolnych środkami Wspólnej Polityki Rolnej UE. Szczegółowej analizie poddano płatności bezpośrednie i płatności dla obszarów o niekorzystnych warunkach gospodarowania (ONW). Ich wielkość rozpatrywano w relacji do dochodu z gospodarstwa rolniczego.
Possible evidence from the flaring activity of Sgr A* for a star at a distance of ~3.3 Schwarzscild radii from the blackhole
Creators: name: Leibowitz, Elia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The frequent flaring events in the X-ray and the NIR radiation of Sgr A* seem not to be periodic in time. However, statistical regularities, here termed "modulations by a pacemaker", are found in the recorded arrival times of both types of events. The characteristic time of the X-ray pacemaker is 149 min and that of the NIR pacemaker is 40 min. Their reality as derived from observed data can be accepted at larger than 4.6σ and 3.8σ levels of statistical confidence, respectively. These results can be interpreted as evidence for a star that revolves around the BH of Sgr A* in a slightly elliptical precessing orbit, at a distance of 3-3.5 Schwarzschild radii of the BH. The period of the X-ray pacemaker, which is not a periodicity of the flare occurrences themselves, is the epicyclic period of the star orbital motion. This is the time interval between 2 successive passages of the star through the peri-center of its orbit. The NIR pacemaker period is the sidereal binary period of the star revolution. The origin of the X-ray flares is in episodes of intense mass loss from the star that occur preferably near the pericenter phase of the binary revolution. The NIR flares originate or are triggered by processes that are internal to the star. The radiation emitted in the direction of Earth is slightly modulated by the changing aspect ratio of the two components of the BH\star binary to the line of sight from Earth at the sidereal binary frequency.
description: Minor corrections, matching published version
A search for W bb and W Higgs production in ppbar collisions at sqrt(s)=1.96 TeV
Creators: name: D0 Collaboration
name: Abazov, V. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a search for W b \bar{b} production in p \bar{p} collisions at sqrt{s}=1.96 TeV in events containing one electron, an imbalance in transverse momentum, and two b-tagged jets. Using 174 pb-1 of integrated luminosity accumulated by the D0 experiment at the Fermilab Tevatron collider, and the standard-model description of such events, we set a 95% C.L. upper limit on W b \bar{b}$ production of 6.6 pb for b quarks with transverse momenta p_T^b > 20 GeV and b \bar{b} separation in pseudorapidity-azimuth space Delta R_bb > 0.75. Restricting the search to optimized b \bar{b} mass intervals provides upper limits on $WH$ production of 9.0$-$12.2 pb, for Higgs-boson masses of 105$-$135 GeV.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures, 1 table, submitted to Physical Review Letters
Rolnicy województwa pomorskiego i ich gospodarstwa w pierwszym roku członkostwa Polski w Unii Europejskiej
Creators: name: Ropińska, Bogumiła
name: Ropińska, Bogumiła
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: International Development
subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: farmers from the Pomeranian province
subject: integration processes
subject: agricultural incomes
subject: direct subsidies to agricultural lands
subject: / rolnicy województwa pomorskiego
subject: procesy integracyjne
subject: dochody rolnicze
subject: dopłaty bezpośrednie do gruntów rolnych

description: The study contains the results of questionnaire surveys conducted in the Pomeranian province after the first year of Polish membership in the European Union. The inspected farms varied in size, from 1.5 ha to 150 ha of agricultural land. Farmers of the Pomeranian province, being asked about the decisions related to the change of production profile after the EU accession, in most cases (82%) responded that they are going to continue the current type of agricultural production. Respondents in most cases (70%) did not indicate that quality barriers caused a reduction of their products sales. A majority (73%) of the examined beneficiaries of direct subsidies to agricultural lands used these funds for the current agricultural activity. Respondents with higher agricultural education made almost a twice higher income (2 118.17 PLN/hectare) than the average. Farmers without education received on average only just 167.35 PLN per 1 ha, which constitutes only 14% of the average amount achieved by the surveyed farms. / Synopsis. Praca zawiera wyniki badań ankietowych przeprowadzonych w województwie pomorskim po pierwszym roku członkostwa Polski w Unii Europejskiej. Gospodarstwa, które zostały uwzględnione w badaniach, były zróżnicowane pod względem wielkości: od 1,5 ha do około 150 ha UR. Rolnicy województwa pomorskiego, korzystający z bezpośrednich dopłat do gruntów rolnych, przeznaczyli je przede wszystkim na bieżącą działalność rolniczą (73% wszystkich badanych). Zapytani o decyzje związane ze zmianą profilu produkcji po przystąpieniu Polski do Unii Europejskiej w większości odpowiedzieli, że zamierzają pozostać przy obecnym rodzaju produkcji (82%). Na uwagę zasługuje fakt, iż respondenci posiadający wykształcenie wyższe rolnicze osiągnęli prawie dwukrotnie większe dochody (2 118,17 zł z 1 ha UR) niż średnio, zaś ci bez wykształcenia (średnio 167,35 zł z 1 ha UR) zaledwie 14% średniej kwoty dochodów uzyskiwanych przez ankietowane gospodarstwa. Obostrzenia jakościowe dotyczące sprzedaży płodów rolnych nie wpłynęły zasadniczo na zmniejszenie dochodów badanych rolników (70%).
Magnetorotational core collapse of possible GRB progenitors. II. Formation of protomagnetars and collapsars
Creators: name: Aloy, Miguel-Ángel
name: Obergaulinger, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We assess the variance of the post-collapse evolution remnants of compact, massive, low-metallicity stars, under small changes in the degrees of rotation and magnetic field of selected pre-supernova cores. These stellar models are commonly considered progenitors of long gamma-ray bursts. The fate of the proto-neutron star (PNS) formed after collapse, whose mass may continuously grow due to accretion, critically depends on the poloidal magnetic field strength at bounce. Should the poloidal magnetic field be sufficiently weak, the PNS collapses to a black hole (BH) within a few seconds. Models on this evolutionary track contain promising collapsar engines. Poloidal magnetic fields smooth over large radial scales (e.g. dipolar fields) or slightly augmented with respect to the original pre-supernova core yield long-lasting PNSs. In these models, BH formation is avoided or staved off for a long time, hence, they may produce proto-magnetars (PMs). Some of our PM candidates have been run for $\lesssim 10\,$s after core bounce, but they have not entered the Kelvin-Helmholtz phase yet. Among these models, some display episodic events of spin-down during which we find properties broadly compatible with the theoretical expectations for PMs ($M_{PNS} \approx 1.85\,M_\odot - 2.5\,M_\odot$, $\bar{P}_{PNS} \approx 1.5 - 4\,$ms, and $b^{\rm surf}_{PNS} \lesssim 10^{15}\,$G) and their very collimated supernova ejecta has nearly reached the stellar surface with (still growing) explosion energies $\gtrsim 2\times 10^{51}\,$erg.
description: 33 pages, 23 figures, accepted by MNRAS
Dirac Sea for Bosons II -- Study of the Naive Vacuum Theory for the Playground World Prior to Filling the Negative Energy Sea --
Creators: name: Nielsen, Holger B.
name: Ninomiya, Masao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use our previous idea, in which at first we perform a naive second quantization of both negative and positive energy for the Klein-Gordon equation analogous to the unfilled Dirac sea for fermions, to study as a playground this naive second quantization theory. It is not to be taken seriously physically in as far as it has indefinite Fock space, but it has nevertheless interesting possibilities: Although the naive (quantization) theory represents a spontaneous breakdown of the usual CPT-symmetry, we shall show that it obeys a certain replacement for the CPT-theorem for which a proof is presented in detail.
description: 20 pages, no figure, LaTeX; added refereces, corrected typos
title: Diagnostics and modelling of an inductively coupled RF low-pressure low-temperature plasma
Creators: name: Yang, Suidong
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 1998

description: This thesis is a theoretical model and experimental study of the physics of a low pressure (5-50 mtorr), low electron temperature (1-10 eV), high density (1017-1018m3 ) inductively coupled plasma. This type of plasma is similar to those much used in plasma etching, deposition, and other plasma aided materials processing of devices [I-5]. A two-dimensional, electromagnetic, finite-element model has been set up to simulate the operation of the inductively coupled plasma using the external coil configuration used in the experimental work. Given fixed external RF coil current and voltage and the measured plasma density profile, Maxwell's equations and magnetohydrodynamical (MHD) fluid equations are used to calculate the self-consistent electromagnetic field. A number of predictions are presented and compared with experiments. A symmetric, cylindrical inductively coupled discharge system has been set up. A single turn loop magnetic probe has been used to measure electromagnetic (EM) field in the discharge chamber. A Langmuir double probe has been designed to measure the plasma density and electron temperature. An emissive probe was used to measure the time averaged plasma potential, while a capacitive probe was used to measure the RF component of the plasma potential. A retarding field energy analyser has been used to measure the total ion flux flowing to the vessel on the midplane. Experimental results show that (1) the inductively coupled plasma is well confined inside the induction coil in the pressure range of 5-50 mtorr and RF power range of 10-400 W; (2) the measured electrostatic RF field (<1.0 V/cm ) in the whole discharge chamber is negligible, compared with the large induction RF field, which is in the order of 10 V/cm; (3) the RF power is coupled into the discharge through the nonlinear electron motion and corresponding collision processes; (4) it has been shown that the induction-field-ionization, electrostatic-field-modulation and various collision processes together influence the velocity distribution function of ions at the boundary surfaces.