cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
On Discipline and Canon
Creators: name: Franke, Katherine M.
Publisher: name: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law
Year: 2003

description: While the title of the panel I participated in was “Why Do We Eat Our Young?”, I think I prefer: “On Discipline and Canon,” or to rework the title of the panel in the program, “Why Do We Eat Our Girlfriends?” In my short remarks, I would like to raise a set not of answers, but of questions that over the last year or so a few of us have been discussing outside of our published work. These questions seem apt both for this panel and for this conference. Last November a group of really wonderful women at the University of Texas put together a conference called “Subversive Legacies: Learning From History/Constructing the Future.” A number of the people attending this conference at Columbia were in Austin for that gathering. What took place there was what Martha Fineman has termed an “uncomfortable conversation”1 about what it means to write as a feminist, what it means to write about feminism, and what it might mean to write from outside feminism on issues that have been thought of as the intellectual property and proper terrain of feminism. Janet Halley raised some of these questions in Austin, and again at this symposium.
description: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law, Vol. 12 No. 3 (2003)
A developed new algorithm for evaluating Adomian polynomials
Creators: name: Azreg-Aïnou, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Adomian polynomials (AP's) are expressed in terms of new objects called reduced polynomials (RP's). These new objects, which carry two subscripts, are independent of the form of the nonlinear operator. Apart from the well-known two properties of AP's, curiously enough no further properties are discussed in the literature. We derive and discuss in full detail the properties of the RP's and AP's. We focus on the case where the nonlinear operator depends on one variable and construct the most general analytical expressions of the RP's for small values of the difference of their subscripts. It is shown that each RP depends on a number of functions equal to the difference of its subscripts plus one. These new properties lead to implement a dramatically simple and compact Mathematica program for the derivation of individual RP's and AP's in their general forms and provide useful hints for elegant hand calculations of AP's. Application of the program is considered.
description: 18 pages, LaTeX; Typos corrected
Electrode design for reversible CO₂ reduction and formate oxidation
Creators: name: Hakim, Andrew
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2023

description: Scalable carbon dioxide (CO₂) utilization solutions are urgently needed as a result of the continual rise in atmospheric CO₂ concentration brought on by the extensive usage of fossil fuels. To address these issues, the emerging field of electrochemical technologies offers promising solutions for scalable CO₂ utilization. This thesis investigates the design of high-performance bifunctional electrocatalysts for the CO₂ reduction reaction to formate, and formate oxidation reaction in a CO₂ redox flow battery (CRB), in a goal to reduce CO₂ emissions while simultaneously storing renewable energy. A CO₂/formate redox pair at the negative electrode is employed in the CRB. Herein, molecular approaches to heterogenous catalysis are explored for improving the performance of PdSnO₂-based bifunctional catalysts by incorporating polyethyleneimine (PEI) groups to the catalyst layer to increase CO₂ adsorption, stabilize key reaction intermediates, and improve intrinsic catalytic properties. Experimental tests on a variety of electrochemical cells show that PEI-incorporated PdSnO₂ catalysts show superior electrochemical performance compared to pristine PdSnO₂ catalysts. In preliminary batch cell tests, PEI modified catalysts show an increase in formate faradaic efficiency during charge by up to 60% at a 20 mA/cm² current density and increases in peak power densities during battery discharge by 15%. Additionally, under flow cell conditions, the incorporation of PEI to bare PdSnO₂ also shows enhanced discharge power densities and much improved stabilities. The catalytic performance is also further examined in relation to PEI loading, current density, and CO₂ flow rate. Surface characterization techniques including SEM, XPS, XRD and contact angle analysis were performed on several as-prepared and electro-reduced catalytic samples. XPS confirmed the addition of PEI groups in the catalytic layers. It was found that while PEI modification can improve several catalytic properties, it can exacerbate challenges such as flooding and salt precipitation on the electrode surface, especially under flow cell conditions. Despite these difficulties, the bifunctional performance of PdSnO₂ catalysts can be enhanced with PEI modifications and shows good prospects for sustainable energy storage, CO₂ utilization, and mitigating climate change impacts.
Some characterizations of affinely full-dimensional factorial designs
Creators: name: Aoki, Satoshi
name: Takemura, Akimichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 62K15; 62K05

description: A new class of two-level non-regular fractional factorial designs is defined. We call this class an {\it affinely full-dimensional factorial design}, meaning that design points in the design of this class are not contained in any affine hyperplane in the vector space over $\mathbb{F}_2$. The property of the indicator function for this class is also clarified. A fractional factorial design in this class has a desirable property that parameters of the main effect model are simultaneously identifiable. We investigate the property of this class from the viewpoint of $D$-optimality. In particular, for the saturated designs, the $D$-optimal design is chosen from this class for the run sizes $r \equiv 5,6,7$ (mod 8).
description: 15 pages
Adjustable Robust Transformer for High Myopia Screening in Optical Coherence Tomography
Creators: name: Ma, Xiao
name: Zhang, Zetian
name: Ji, Zexuan
name: Huang, Kun
name: Su, Na
name: Yuan, Songtao
name: Chen, Qiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Myopia is a manifestation of visual impairment caused by an excessively elongated eyeball. Image data is critical material for studying high myopia and pathological myopia. Measurements of spherical equivalent and axial length are the gold standards for identifying high myopia, but the available image data for matching them is scarce. In addition, the criteria for defining high myopia vary from study to study, and therefore the inclusion of samples in automated screening efforts requires an appropriate assessment of interpretability. In this work, we propose a model called adjustable robust transformer (ARTran) for high myopia screening of optical coherence tomography (OCT) data. Based on vision transformer, we propose anisotropic patch embedding (APE) to capture more discriminative features of high myopia. To make the model effective under variable screening conditions, we propose an adjustable class embedding (ACE) to replace the fixed class token, which changes the output to adapt to different conditions. Considering the confusion of the data at high myopia and low myopia threshold, we introduce the label noise learning strategy and propose a shifted subspace transition matrix (SST) to enhance the robustness of the model. Besides, combining the two structures proposed above, the model can provide evidence for uncertainty evaluation. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness and reliability of the proposed method. Code is available at: https://github.com/maxiao0234/ARTran.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures, MICCAI 2023 - Accepted Papers; International Conference on Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention, 2023: 504-514
Electronic correlations in the iron pnictides
Creators: name: Qazilbash, M. M.
name: Hamlin, J. J.
name: Baumbach, R. E.
name: Zhang, Lijun
name: Singh, D. J.
name: Maple, M. B.
name: Basov, D. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In correlated metals derived from Mott insulators, the motion of an electron is impeded by Coulomb repulsion due to other electrons. This phenomenon causes a substantial reduction in the electron's kinetic energy leading to remarkable experimental manifestations in optical spectroscopy. The high-Tc superconducting cuprates are perhaps the most studied examples of such correlated metals. The occurrence of high-Tc superconductivity in the iron pnictides puts a spotlight on the relevance of correlation effects in these materials. Here we present an infrared and optical study on single crystals of the iron pnictide superconductor LaFePO. We find clear evidence of electronic correlations in metallic LaFePO with the kinetic energy of the electrons reduced to half of that predicted by band theory of nearly free electrons. Hallmarks of strong electronic many-body effects reported here are important because the iron pnictides expose a new pathway towards a correlated electron state that does not explicitly involve the Mott transition.
description: 10 pages
Gender, Sexuality, and Power: Is Feminist Theory
Creators: name: Cossman, Brenda
name: Danielsen, Dan
name: Halley, Janet
name: Higgins, Tracey
Publisher: name: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law
Year: 2003

description: What are the boundaries of feminism? What is the relationship between feminism and non-feminism? In the following dialogue, four a uthors critically examine how to describe feminism and what it can and cannot do, particularly with regard to sexuality. The authors use the Texas Supreme Court case Twyman v. Twyman,’ involving divorce, sadomasochistic sex, and a claim of emotional distress, as a focal point to explore how feminism deals with gender, sexuality, and power, and whether it does so sufficiently. The roundtable discussion revolves around Janet Halley’s radical suggestion that not only is feminism not enough, but that we should “Take a Break” from it in order to see the issues feminism does not address as well as the effects of a feminist perspective.
description: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law, Vol. 12 No. 3 (2003)
The dynamics of laser droplet generation
Creators: name: Krese, Blaz
name: Perc, Matjaz
name: Govekar, Edvard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We propose an experimental setup allowing for the characterization of laser droplet generation in terms of the underlying dynamics, primarily showing that the latter is deterministically chaotic by means of nonlinear time series analysis methods. In particular, we use a laser pulse to melt the end of a properly fed vertically placed metal wire. Due to the interplay of surface tension, gravity force and light-metal interaction, undulating pendant droplets are formed at the molten end, which eventually completely detach from the wire as a consequence of their increasing mass. We capture the dynamics of this process by employing a high-speed infrared camera, thereby indirectly measuring the temperature of the wire end and the pendant droplets. The time series is subsequently generated as the mean value over the pixel intensity of every infrared snapshot. Finally, we employ methods of nonlinear time series analysis to reconstruct the phase space from the observed variable and test it against determinism and stationarity. After establishing that the observed laser droplet generation is a deterministic and dynamically stationary process, we calculate the spectra of Lyapunov exponents. We obtain a positive largest Lyapunov exponent and a negative divergence, i.e., sum of all the exponents, thus indicating that the observed dynamics is deterministically chaotic with an attractor as solution in the phase space. In addition to characterizing the dynamics of laser droplet generation, we outline industrial applications of the process and point out the significance of our findings for future attempts at mathematical modeling.
description: 7 two-column pages, 8 figures; accepted for publication in Chaos [supplementary material available at http://www.matjazperc.com/chaos/laser.html]
Dark Matter tested with satellites
Creators: name: Combes, F.
name: Tiret, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, the distribution of velocity dispersion as far as 400kpc around red isolated galaxies was derived from statistical studies of satellites in the SDSS (Klypin & Prada 2009). This could help to constrain dark matter models at intermediate scales. We compare the predictions of different DM distributions, LCDM with NFW or cored profiles, and also modified gravity models, with observations. It is shown how the freedom in the various parameters (radial distribution of satellites, velocity anisotropy, external field effect), prevents to disentangle the models, which all can give pretty good fits to the data. In all cases, realistic radial variations of velocity anisotropy are used for the satellites, and a constant stellar-mass to light ratio for the host galaxies.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure, in "Hunting for the Dark: The Hidden Side of Galaxy Formation", eds. V.P. Debattista & C.C. Popescu, AIP Conf. Ser., in press
Dense network of sensors applied to earthquake early warning in smart cities
Creators: name: Daiss, Ivelina
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2023

description: Earthquakes are unpredictable, unpreventable natural events that cause extensive damage to the impacted area’s infrastructure and inhabitants. Early warning systems are humanity’s way of having some prior knowledge of the onset of earthquakes. Historically, Earthquake Early Warning (EEW) systems have been implemented, but have shown limited success in providing accurate, adequate, and meaningful information to help societies mitigate what is happening. A new approach to EEW is proposed in the Earthquake Early Warning in Smart Cities (EEW-SC) that utilizes modern technologies like 5th generation wireless access telecommunications networks and the Internet of Things (IoT) to achieve much improved seismic behaviour prediction and apply the learned toward next-gen mitigation and prevention strategies for urbanized and industrialized smart cities' protection. The outlined research covers the development of an advanced Dense Network of IoT Sensors (DeNIS) for seismic data collection in real-time and a novel mechanism for data acquisition, data transfer and Asynchronous Sensor Coordination (ASC). A detailed examination of 4th and 5th generation cellular technologies brought much needed understanding into the behaviour of an EEW system operated on a public telecommunications network. The learnings and developments in this work will be further incorporated with the soon-to-be developed and deployed in British Columbia EEW-SC.
Interference effects in hyperfine induced $2s2s ^3P_0, ^3P_2 \to 2s^2 ^1S_0$ transitions of Be-like ions
Creators: name: Li, Jiguang
name: Dong, Chenzhong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The hyperfine induced $2s2p ^3P_0, ^3P_2 \to 2s^2 ^1S_0$ E1 transition probabilities of Be-like ions were calculated using grasp2K based on multi-configuration Dirac-Fock method and HFST packages. It was found that the hyperfine quenching rates are strongly affected by the interference for low-Z Be-like ions, especially for $2s2p ^3P_0 \to 2s^2 ^1S_0$ transition. In particular, the trends of interference effects with atomic number $Z$ in such two transitions are not monotone. The strongest interference effect occurs near Z=7 for $2s2p ^3P_0 \to 2s^2 ^1S_0$ E1 transition, and near Z=9 for $2s2p ^3P_2 \to 2s^2 ^1S_0$ E1 transition.
description: 19 pages, 3 figures
The Rights of Women in International Human Rights Law Textbooks: Segregation, Integration, or Omission?
Creators: name: Farrior, Stephanie
Publisher: name: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law
Year: 2003

description: Our panel was asked to address the question: whom do feminist law journals serve, and how does that affect the answers to questions of autonomy versus integration? One important role of any student-edited law journal is the pedagogical role, with students as one constituency whom law journals serve. Authors who place articles may end up supplementing the teaching of students who edit the journal. This was the case with the publication of my article on the international law on trafficking in women for prostitution.’ One section of the article dealt with the “due diligence” standard for assessing when the state may be held responsible for the human rights abuses by non-state actors. This is the standard used, for example, in the United Nations (UN) Declaration on Violence against Women,2 and in the sections on violence against women in the Declaration and Platform for Action adopted at the UN Fourth World Conference on Women in Beijing in 1995.3 When I got my edited draft back from the journal with which I had placed it, every reference to the term “due diligence” had been stripped from the article and replaced with such phrases as “diligently” and “with diligence.” It was apparent that if the student editor had taken a human rights or international law course, the student had not been exposed to one of the most important principles i n t he p rotection o f t he human rights o f women. Although the journal involved was an international human rights journal, not a feminist law journal, colleagues have had similar experiences with their articles in women and the law journals. It is apparent that such journals provide a forum and opportunity for students to become familiar with aspects of human rights law that they may not learn about elsewhere.
description: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law, Vol. 12 No. 3 (2003)
The Metropolis Monte Carlo Finite Element Algorithm for Electrostatic Interactions
Creators: name: Mazars, Martial
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Metropolis Monte Carlo algorithm with the Finite Element method applied to compute electrostatic interaction energy between charge densities is described in this work. By using the Finite Element method to integrate numerically the Poisson's equation, it is shown that the computing time to obtain the acceptance probability of an elementary trial move does not, in principle, depend on the number of charged particles present in the system.
description: to be published in Journal of Chemical Physics (4 pages)
“I’m here for the memes”: The civic potential of internet memes in Indonesia
Creators: name: UTAMI, PRATIWI
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2023
Subjects: Screen and digital media not elsewhere classified
Communications and media policy
Political science not elsewhere classified

description: This thesis investigates memes’ civic potential during the Indonesia 2019 presidential election and discovers memes’ role beyond entertainment. Memes motivated Indonesian users to learn about politics in order to understand the memes or create one. However, civic engagement with the election was ambivalent. Users post memes to discuss politics while avoiding looking political since there are risks associated with political expressions in Indonesia. The ambivalence indicates that political meme-ing is risky in Indonesia and why memes are uniquely relevant to the country’s politics. This thesis provides insight into how memes generate civic engagement amid political polarisation in a post-authoritarian country.
A machine learning-based framework for diagnosis of COVID-19 from chest X-ray images.
Creators: name: Rasheed, Jawad
name: al., et
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 320705
subject: Medical virology

description: Corona virus disease (COVID-19) acknowledged as a pandemic by the WHO and mankind all over the world is vulnerable to this virus. Alternative tools are needed that can help in diagnosis of the coronavirus. Researchers of this article investigated the potential of machine learning methods for automatic diagnosis of corona virus with high accuracy from X-ray images. Two most commonly used classifiers were selected: logistic regression (LR) and convolutional neural networks (CNN). The main reason was to make the system fast and efficient. Moreover, a dimensionality reduction approach was also investigated based on principal component analysis (PCA) to further speed up the learning process and improve the classification accuracy by selecting the highly discriminate features. The deep learning-based methods demand large amount of training samples compared to conventional approaches, yet adequate amount of labelled training samples was not available for COVID-19 X-ray images. Therefore, data augmentation technique using generative adversarial network (GAN) was employed to further increase the training samples and reduce the overfitting problem. We used the online available dataset and incorporated GAN to have 500 X-ray images in total for this study. Both CNN and LR showed encouraging results for COVID-19 patient identification. The LR and CNN models showed 95.2–97.6% overall accuracy without PCA and 97.6–100% with PCA for positive cases identification, respectively.
Bombinator bifasciatus DB.
Creators: name: Müller, F
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1885
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Amphibia
Anura
Leptodactylidae
Bombinator
Bombinator bifasciatus

description: * Sireptophorus bifasciatus DB.
Guatémala v. F M. [1]
description: Published as part of Müller, F, 1885, Vierter Nachtrag zum Katalogder herpetologischen Sammlung des Basler Museums, pp. 668-717 in Verhandlungen der Naturforschenden Gesellschaft in Basel. 7 (3) on page 679, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.part.2388, http://zenodo.org/record/15183591
Oligarchic material power and the implications for democratic systems
Creators: name: Foster, Richard
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2023

description: Jeffrey Winter’s return to the material foundations of oligarchy has facilitated the reinvigoration of a typology typically reserved for classical political thought. Oligarchs, he suggests, are the ultra-wealthy individuals who deploy vast amounts of material wealth for the purpose of personal wealth defence and subsequent social position. This understanding, contrary to popular scholarly discourse, implies the mutual inclusivity of democracy and oligarchy. How then can one characterise the relationship between the active deployment of material wealth by oligarchs and democracies? Typically, the empirical literature suggests that the contingencies and complexities of the policy-making process (e.g. mobilised opposition, public opinion, legislator preferences) mean that the deployment of material wealth in pursuit of an individual interest is broadly impotent, and thereby political, and by extension, democratic, implications are limited. However, the oligarchic deployment of material wealth is different: its immense concentration, coordinated deployment through the Income Defence Industry, low public salience, and minimally resourced opposition ensures that typical contingencies faced by interests can be avoided. The primary implication of this is that inclusion of this interest (oligarchic wealth defence) is empowered in the democratic system on the basis of wealth - disempowering the inclusion of the less affluent and reducing the system's capacity for collective agenda-setting.
title: Political Economy Analysis and Economic Evaluation of Results-Based Financing in Afghanistan
Creators: name: Salehi, AS
Publisher: name: London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine
Year: 2020

description: Results-based financing (RBF) has been receiving increasing attention in recent decades. RBF involves a transfer of funds based on the attainment and verification of predetermined outcomes. Afghanistan has implemented RBF in the form of performance-based contracting (PBC) since 2003 and performance-based financing (PBF) between 2010 and 2015. The PBC experience was successful in delivering maternal and child health services. However, the PBF programme had minimal effect on the delivery of maternal and child health services. Using a political economy lens, this thesis answers the question of what factors shaped and affected the PBC and PBF programmes and their outcomes in Afghanistan. It also examines the cost-effectiveness of the PBF programme relative to standard practice. This thesis provides support for the assertion that both political economy factors and value for money are critical in the design, adoption and implementation of RBF programmes. RBF enforces different arrangements for the distribution of resources and provides opportunities or threats for actors through changing their functions and modifying institutional processes. Subsequently, a new economic and political situation comes into existence. Economic evaluation compares the costs and consequences of alternative courses of action recommending which health care investments are most efficient, guiding resource allocation in health. Therefore, careful consideration and caution is required when adopting and implementing RBF programmes. Policymakers and researchers should increasingly focus on the political economy aspect of RBF programmes in conjunction with economic evaluations, particularly in the context of fragile and conflict-affected setting to ensure that the technical outcomes of economic evaluations are suitably received in the context of highly political situations. If RBF programmes are designed around a full understanding of political economy and value for money, RBF can potentially be a powerful tool to achieve better outcomes.
Additional file 1 of Clinical Prognostic Factors and Integrated Multi-Omics Studies Identify Potential Novel Therapeutic Targets for Pediatric Desmoid Tumor
Creators: name: Ning, Bo
name: Huang, Peng
name: Zhu, Lining
name: Ma, Zhijie
name: Chen, Xiaoli
name: Xu, Haojun
name: Ma, Ruixue
name: Yao, Chengyun
name: Zheng, Pengfei
name: Xia, Tian
name: Xia, Hongping
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1.
Quantum properties of the parametric amplifier with and without pumping field fluctuations
Creators: name: El-Orany, Faisal A. A.
name: Perina, J.
name: Abdalla, M. Sebawe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The parametric amplifier with and without the pumping fluctuations of coupling function is considered when the fields are initially prepared in coherent light. The pumping fluctuations are assumed to be normally distributed with time-dependent variance. The effects of antibunching and anticorrelation of photons on the photon distribution, correlation between modes and factorial moments are demonstrated. A possible enhancement of photon antibunching for certain values of initial mean photon numbers is shown and discussed. We have shown also that new states (called modified squeezed vacuum states or even thermal states) can be generated from such an interaction. Further, we have demonstrated that the sum photon-number distribution can exhibit collapses and revivals in the photon-number domain somewhat similar to those known in the Jaynes-Cummings model.
description: 17 pages, 6figures
Thinking About Feminism, Social Justice, and the Place of Feminist Law Journals: A Letter to the Editors
Creators: name: Goldberg, Suzanne B.
Publisher: name: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law
Year: 2003

description: Dear Editors: You, like the editors who came before you, have staked a place in an invigorating and challenging conversation about the transformative potential of feminist approaches to social justice. As you envision and edit your journal, fundamental questions about the purpose of feminist scholarship and the value of retaining an autonomous space for feminist jurisprudence loom large. Not surprisingly, The Bluebook will provide little guidance on these topics. Instead, consistent with the feminist enterprise, you will need to search out sources, both within and outside of the law school library, to spark your critical thinking. Ideally these will ensure that, through the daily editorial grind, you keep in mind multiple perspectives regarding the journal’s overarching mission. More specifically, you will likely find yourself asking what you are doing, why you are doing it, and what you might accomplish.
description: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law, Vol. 12 No. 3 (2003)
Form, Function, and Feminist Law Journals
Creators: name: Schacter, Jane S.
Publisher: name: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law
Year: 2003

description: An inquiry into the function of feminist law journals needs to ask first: functions for whom? The answer must, it seems to me, vary depending upon whose perspective we take. Let me single out for special emphasis the role of feminist journals for feminist law students. Journals provide one way to find like-minded souls and to infuse legal education with a perspective that many students find a ppallingly absent in classroom offerings. This m agnet-like function strikes m e a s equally (if not m ore) important than anything else feminist law journals might do. I confess to being somewhat autobiographical here. As a law student in the early 1980s, the time I spent as an articles editor on the Harvard Women’s Law Journal was among the richest parts of my law school experience. Through that journal work, I saw some tangible evidence of what it might actually mean to be a feminist lawyer-an idea that seemed to me, as a student, distinctly more abstract than concrete. But more importantly, I worked with a terrific group of women, several of whom today remain close friends and fellow travelers. We sometimes debated contentious issues about the feminist debate over pornography (a very hot topic at the time), the links between gender and race, the role of lesbians in the feminist legal movement, and other questions. I recall some passionate discussions engendered, so to speak, by several editors simultaneously taking an intensive January term Sex Discrimination class taught by the formidable Catharine MacKinnon. That class was as rich and provocative as anything I t ook i n 1 aw school, but the discussions among W omen’s Law Journal staff members that spilled over into j ournal meetings added new dimensions and may have been where I, as a law student, most actively engaged the questions about equality that had brought me to law school in the first place.
description: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law, Vol. 12 No. 3 (2003)
On the anisotropic velocity distribution of newborn pickup ions in the heliosheath
Creators: name: Du, Senbei
name: Opher, Merav
name: Kornbleuth, Marc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The evolution of the velocity distribution of pickup ions is crucial for understanding the energetic neutral atom (ENA) fluxes observed by Interstellar Boundary Explorer (IBEX). Pickup ions in the heliosheath contain two main components: those transmitted across the heliospheric termination shock and those locally created within the heliosheath. In this work, we discuss the velocity distribution of the latter locally created component. We find that pickup ions created by the charge exchange of neutral solar wind may be a significant source of the observed ENA fluxes between about 100 eV and 1 keV. Moreover, newborn pickup ions can maintain highly anisotropic velocity distribution in the heliosheath. This is because the kinetic instabilities are weak after the solar wind flow decelerates at the termination shock. Hybrid kinetic simulations show the mirror instability to be the dominant mode for conditions in the heliosheath close to the termination shock. We estimate that effects of neutral solar wind and anisotropy may enhance the expected phase space density of newborn pickup ions by more than a factor of 100.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures. Accepted by The Astrophysical Journal Letters
Lessons About Autonomy and Integration from International Human Rights, Law Journals, and the World of Golf
Creators: name: Bruch, Elizabeth M.
Publisher: name: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law
Year: 2003

description: In this essay I will consider the questions posed by the symposium-“why have a feminist law journal?” and the specific question of this panel, “which master, autonomy or integration, do we or should we serve?”–together with the parallel questions that arise in the debate among international human rights advocates and scholars about whether to address women’s human rights issues separately from “mainstream” human rights. However, I want to begin on a slightly different (but not unrelated) topic: women and sports. I am relatively newly married and, in one of those important early negotiations of couplehood, I agreed to let my husband educate me about golf; in return, he has agreed to develop a deeper appreciation for feminist theory. Our interests have coincided in a series of recent events in the sporting world. Let me provide just a few highlights. In May of this year, Annika Sorenstam, often called “the world’s most dominant female golfer,” participated in the Colonial Invitational, an event on the Professional Golfers’ Association (PGA) Tour. Sorenstam played from the same tees as the men, with no special accommodations. According to the Washington Post, her decision to play the event “touched off debate among men and women over whether the experiment is good for the sport and whether Sorenstam can ultimately compete.” It touched off that same debate in my house. Other versions of this drama are playing out elsewhere in the world of golf and have provoked significant emotion, especially if accommodations, such as closer tees, are made for women.
description: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law, Vol. 12 No. 3 (2003)
Converted or Unconverted: To Whom Shall We Preach?
Creators: name: Wax, Amy L.
Publisher: name: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law
Year: 2003

description: Feminist legal scholarship has given insufficient attention to key analytic approaches that figure centrally in other areas of legal scholarship. This failure of feminist scholarship to make use of methods that have enriched other scholars’ work has hurt the journals that specialize in publishing feminist works. As participants at this conference have complained, feminist law journals are generally marginalized and ignored by all but a small coterie of scholars. Yet, in providing an outlet for work on topics of special interest to women-work that other journals cannot or will not accommodate-feminist journals play a role similar to that of other journals devoted to specialized subjects. Because the issues that feminist legal scholars address are of central concern to society as a whole and affect legal developments in many areas, feminist law journals have the potential to survive, thrive, and command the respect and attention of academics from a broad range of fields. The fate of feminist publications is not inevitable. This essay argues that there is nothing wrong with feminist law journals that reforming feminist legal scholarship will not cure. There are three methodological approaches to which feminist legal scholars g ive short shrift and which ought to figure more prominently in their work. These are economic analysis, empirical social science, and evolutionary theory, including evolutionary psychology. The first, economic analysis, is not easy to define because it is not monolithic. In general, economics attempts to identify the costs and benefits of rules for social actors and to do so systematically and quantitatively. This method assumes that social actors, including persons and organizations, seek to satisfy preferences in their interactions with one another on the market and in other institutional settings. The second method, social scientific empiricism, recognizes that assertions about the existence and extent of social problems, the identity of their causes, or the desirability of potential cures, cannot be established a priori as a matter of theory only. This method is committed to investigating social conditions and evaluating proposed policies by collecting factual evidence and analyzing data using rigorous, statistically sound procedures. The final approach that feminist legal scholars unduly ignore, or even denigrate, is evolutionary analysis. Evolutionary theory seeks to offer a scientifically grounded account of human psychology and behavior as an outgrowth of competition over time among individuals and groups for scarce resources. The rubric covers methods ranging from conventional Darwinian explanations to efforts to understand complex group interactions using game-theoretic models developed by economists and social scientists.
description: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law, Vol. 12 No. 3 (2003)
Not Whistlin’ Dixie: Now, More Than Ever, We Need Feminist Law Journals
Creators: name: Meyer, Carlin
Publisher: name: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law
Year: 2003

description: Feminist and women’s law journals have done terribly important work. They’ have published articles that would not otherwise have been read, covered issues largely untouched by more traditional reviews, and reviewed books that might otherwise have gone unreviewed. They have provided for feminist dialogues-for women and feminist men to debate and discuss with one another-not only through publication but through the process of creating and running journals, holding symposia, and producing a publication. They have helped women seeking tenure on faculties throughout the country (although they have also sometimes caused problems for them), helped students learn to write better while enabling them to augment their r~sum6s, and enhanced the prestige of legal institutions. They have not only helped put feminist and women’s issues on the mainstream map, but also helped put women in a position to teach and practice from feminist perspectives. But has their success become their failure? Now that feminist work is also published in mainstream and topical law reviews, most law schools have offerings in feminist theory, and several textbooks are available in the field (although none have yet had the distinction of generating a Nutshell), have gender journals rendered themselves obsolete? Or, have external conditions-from the emergence of e-publications and the Social Science Research Network,2 to the proliferation of journals and law reviews (in 1995 there were, by one count, upwards of 380 in the United States alone3)–made them superfluous?
description: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law, Vol. 12 No. 3 (2003)
Tenure Politics and the Feminist Scholar
Creators: name: Arriola, Elvia R.
Publisher: name: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law
Year: 2003

description: I begin my remarks here today by assuming that someone else in this symposium has affirmed the positive role played by the feminist law journal, as a material byproduct of the women’s movement in academia, in shaping the discipline of feminist legal theory, its methodology, visions, and goals. Yet, the symposium organizers asked us to consider whether there are obstacles that stand in the way of this significant role for the feminist review. I find it ironic that this question has been posed to someone like me who views herself as a wounded feminist scholar-wounded by the system of white male supremacy in legal education, but even more so wounded by my own past internalized attitudesi of resistance to my spirit2 as a critical Latina, lesbian, and feminist scholar. Let me explore some further assumptions embedded in the question of what exactly compromises the effectiveness of the feminist law journal. The symposium organizers have posed that question to those whom presumably are interested in publishing feminist research and preferably, though not exclusively, in feminist law journals. Initially, I asked myself whether this was a question of audience or mission. I will talk about the question of mission later. As a question of audience, however, I could not really see a problem. Presumably, those writing for the feminist law journal are probably also regular readers of feminist reviews. So, the editors of the journals should continue doing what they are doing. That is, unless the staff and resources of the journal are so compromised that they cannot produce quality work, or those desiring to publish feminist articles are themselves compromised b y other conflicting goals and n eeds that interfere with t he production of quality feminist writings. In which case we may have a problem.
description: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law, Vol. 12 No. 3 (2003)
Dust accretion and destruction in galaxy groups and clusters
Creators: name: McGee, Sean L.
name: Balogh, Michael L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the dust distribution around a sample of 70,000 low redshift galaxy groups and clusters derived from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. By correlating spectroscopically identified background quasars with the galaxy groups we obtain the relative colour excess due to dust reddening. We present a significant detection of dust out to a clustercentric distance of 30 Mpc/h in all four independent SDSS colours, consistent with the expectations of weak lensing masses of similar mass halos and excess galaxy counts. The wavelength dependence of this colour excess is consistent with the expectations of a Milky Way dust law with R_V=3.1. Further, we find that the halo mass dependence of the dust content is much smaller than would be expected by a simple scaling, implying that the dust-to-gas ratio of the most massive clusters (~10E14 Msun/h) is ~3% of the local ISM value, while in small groups (~10E12.7 Msun/h) it is ~55% of the local ISM value. We also find that the dust must have a covering fraction on the order of 10% to explain the observed color differences, which means the dust is not just confined to the most massive galaxies. Comparing the dust profile with the excess galaxy profile, we find that the implied dust-to-galaxy ratio falls significantly towards the group or cluster center. This has a significant halo mass dependence, such that the more massive groups and clusters show a stronger reduction. This suggests that either dust is destroyed by thermal sputtering of the dust grains by the hot, dense gas or the intrinsic dust production is reduced in these galaxies.
description: 10 pages, MNRAS, in press
Feminist Law Journals and the Rankings Conundrum
Creators: name: Grossman, Joanna L.
Publisher: name: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law
Year: 2003

description: Spring is a fitting season to discuss the relationship between rankings and feminist law journals, as U.S. News and World Report prepares to release its annual rankings of American law schools. Decried by many academics as arbitrary and unfair, these rankings nonetheless exert an extraordinary influence on law school life . Rankings of this sort not only drive decisions made by schools (which students to recruit, admit, and, most importantly, entice with scholarship money) and by applicants (where to apply, where to matriculate, and whether to transfer), but also decisions that are more central to the academic enterprise. Law school deans and faculties make decisions about resource allocation, faculty hiring, curriculum, and the like, against the backdrop of rankings, which at least indirectly place a point value on each such decision.
description: Columbia Journal of Gender and Law, Vol. 12 No. 3 (2003)
Black-hole quasinormal resonances: Wave analysis versus a geometric-optics approximation
Creators: name: Hod, Shahar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has long been known that null unstable geodesics are related to the characteristic modes of black holes-- the so called quasinormal resonances. The basic idea is to interpret the free oscillations of a black hole in the eikonal limit in terms of null particles trapped at the unstable circular orbit and slowly leaking out. The real part of the complex quasinormal resonances is related to the angular velocity at the unstable null geodesic. The imaginary part of the resonances is related to the instability timescale (or the inverse Lyapunov exponent) of the orbit. While this geometric-optics description of the black-hole quasinormal resonances in terms of perturbed null {\it rays} is very appealing and intuitive, it is still highly important to verify the validity of this approach by directly analyzing the Teukolsky wave equation which governs the dynamics of perturbation {\it waves} in the black-hole spacetime. This is the main goal of the present paper. We first use the geometric-optics technique of perturbing a bundle of unstable null rays to calculate the resonances of near-extremal Kerr black holes in the eikonal approximation. We then directly solve the Teukolsky wave equation (supplemented by the appropriate physical boundary conditions) and show that the resultant quasinormal spectrum obtained directly from the wave analysis is in accord with the spectrum obtained from the geometric-optics approximation of perturbed null rays.
description: 5 pages