cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Probing Gravity with Spacetime Sirens
Creators: name: Deffayet, Cedric
name: Menou, Kristen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A gravitational observatory such as LISA will detect coalescing pairs of massive black holes, accurately measure their luminosity distance and help identify a host galaxy or an electromagnetic counterpart. If dark energy is a manifestation of modified gravity on large scales, gravitational waves from cosmologically-distant spacetime sirens are direct probes of this new physics. For example, a gravitational Hubble diagram based on black hole pair luminosity distances and host galaxy redshifts could reveal a large distance extra-dimensional leakage of gravity. Various additional signatures may be expected in a gravitational signal propagated over cosmological scales.
description: 11 pages, 1 figure, accepted for publication in ApJ Letters
The luminosity function, halo masses and stellar masses of luminous Lyman-break galaxies at redshifts 5
Creators: name: McLure, R. J.
name: Cirasuolo, M.
name: Dunlop, J. S.
name: Foucaud, S.
name: Almaini, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of a study of a large sample of luminous (z'{AB}<26) Lyman break galaxies (LBGs) in the redshift interval 4.7L*) of the UV-selected luminosity function at high redshift. When combined with literature studies of the fainter LBG population, our new sample provides improved constraints on the luminosity function of redshift 5
description: 14 pages, 12 figures, appendix added, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Spectropolarimetry of SN 2006aj at 9.6 days
Creators: name: Maund, J. R.
name: Wheeler, J. C.
name: Patat, F.
name: Baade, D.
name: Wang, L.
name: Hoflich, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The observational technique of spectropolarimetry has been used to directly measure the asymmetries of Supernovae (SNe), Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) and X-Ray Flashes (XRFs). We wish to determine if non-axial asymmetries are present in SNe that are associated with GRBs and XRFs, given the particular alignment of the jet axis and axis of symmetry with the line of sight in these cases. We performed spectropolarimetry with the Very Large Telescope (VLT) FORS1 instrument of the Type Ic SN 2006aj, associated with the XRF 060218, at V-band maximum at 9.6 rest frame days after the detection of the XRF. Due to observations at only 3 retarder plate angles, the data were reduced assuming that the instrumental signature correction for the $U$ Stokes parameter was identical to the correction measured for $Q$. We find SN 2006aj to be highly polarized at wavelengths corresponding to the absorption minima of certain spectral lines, particularly strong for O I 7774Åand Fe II, observed at 4200Åwith a polarization 3%. The value of the Interstellar Polarization is not well constrained by these observations and, considering the low polarization observed between 6000-6500Å, the global asymmetry of the SN is $\lesssim 15%$. O I and Fe II lines share a polarization angle that differs from Ca II. SN 2006aj exhibits a higher degree of line polarization than other SNe associated with GRBs and XRFs. The polarization associated with spectral lines implies significant asymmetries of these elements with respect to each other and to the line of sight. This is contrary to the standard picture of SNe associated with GRBs/XRFs, where the axis of symmetry of the SN is aligned with the GRB jet axis and the line of sight.
description: 4 pages, 2 Figures, A&A Accepted
Extended Absolute Parallelism Geometry
Creators: name: Youssef, Nabil. L.
name: Sid-Ahmed, A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 53B40, 53A40, 53B50

description: In this paper, we study Absolute Parallelism (AP-) geometry on the tangent bundle $TM$ of a manifold $M$. Accordingly, all geometric objects defined in this geometry are not only functions of the positional argument $x$, but also depend on the directional argument $y$. Moreover, many new geometric objects, which have no counterpart in the classical AP-geometry, emerge in this different framework. We refer to such a geometry as an Extended Absolute Parallelism (EAP-) geometry. The building blocks of the EAP-geometry are a nonlinear connection assumed given a priori and $2n$ linearly independent vector fields (of special form) defined globally on $TM$ defining the parallelization. Four different $d$-connections are used to explore the properties of this geometry. Simple and compact formulae for the curvature tensors and the W-tensors of the four defined $d$-connections are obtained, expressed in terms of the torsion and the contortion tensors of the EAP-space. Further conditions are imposed on the canonical $d$-connection assuming that it is of Cartan type (resp. Berwald type). Important consequences of these assumptions are investigated. Finally, a special form of the canonical $d$-connection is studied under which the classical AP-geometry is recovered naturally from the EAP-geometry. Physical aspects of some of the geometric objects investigated are pointed out and possible physical implications of the EAP-space are discussed, including an outline of a generalized field theory on the tangent bundle $TM$ of $M$
description: 27 pages, LaTeX-file, The last version of this paper was replaced by mistake (by arXiv: 0905.0209[gr-qc])
Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation, sports performance and recovery
Creators: name: James, Lynsey
Publisher: name: Loughborough University
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 119999 Medical and Health Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Other medical sciences

description: Strategies focused on the enhancement of recovery from exercise and the subsequent improvement in sport performance are continually being sought by athletes. One strategy that has received considerable attention within the sports nutrition literature is omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (n-3 PUFA) supplementation. The myriad of proposed health benefits has led to the investigation of dietary supplementation to enhance recovery from exercise due to the anti-inflammatory properties and whether this ultimately results in improved sports performance. The overall aim of this thesis was to establish whether n-3 PUFA supplementation could improve exercise performance and recovery from strenuous exercise. To achieve this aim a series of studies were conducted on trained and untrained males, in both lab and field-based studies. There was no significant effect of n-3 PUFA supplementation on cycling time trial performance or associated physiological parameters (chapter 4). This finding was also observed in strength and power indices in untrained individuals following 3 weeks supplementation (chapter 5) and trained rugby union players following 6 weeks supplementation (chapter 6). However, muscle damage, measured by the reduction in peak isometric torque following exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD), was lower following 3 weeks of n-3 PUFA supplementation (chapter 5), suggesting supplementation may aid the recovery process in untrained individuals. No changes were observed in biomarkers of muscle damage post-exercise following supplementation (chapter 4, 5 and 6). When supplementation was combined with resistance training there was no additive effect of supplementation in terms of strength and power performance or recovery from EIMD. The increase in strength and power observed as a result of the resistance training was not negatively impacted with the addition of supplementation in untrained males (chapter 5). When supplementation was implemented within an applied sports setting, elite rugby union players, the increases in power observed mid-season were not different between supplemented and non-supplemented groups (chapter 6). No changes were observed in the recovery from resistance-based training or game play with the addition of supplementation (chapter 6).In conclusion, this thesis has observed an attenuation of the strength deficit caused by EIMD with n-3 PUFA supplementation in untrained males, but no positive impact of supplementation on performance or recovery within the context of cycling or rugby union. There was no additive effect of supplementation when combined with resistance training on improvements in strength and power. However, there was no negative impact of supplementation on any performance indicators suggesting that n-3 PUFAs do not blunt training adaptations.
A resonant-term-based model including a nascent disk, precession, and oblateness: application to GJ 876
Creators: name: Veras, Dimitri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Investigations of two resonant planets orbiting a star or two resonant satellites orbiting a planet often rely on a few resonant and secular terms in order to obtain a representative quantitative description of the system's dynamical evolution. We present a semianalytic model which traces the orbital evolution of any two resonant bodies in a first- through fourth-order eccentricity or inclination-based resonance dominated by the resonant and secular arguments of the user's choosing. By considering the variation of libration width with different orbital parameters, we identify regions of phase space which give rise to different resonant ''depths,'' and propose methods to model libration profiles. We apply the model to the GJ 876 extrasolar planetary system, quantify the relative importance of the relevant resonant and secular contributions, and thereby assess the goodness of the common approximation of representing the system by just the presumably dominant terms. We highlight the danger in using ''order'' as the metric for accuracy in the orbital solution by revealing the unnatural libration centers produced by the second-order, but not first-order, solution, and by demonstrating that the true orbital solution lies somewhere ''in-between'' the third- and fourth-order solutions. We also present formulas used to incorporate perturbations from central-body oblateness and precession, and a protoplanetary or protosatellite thin disk with gaps, into a resonant system. We quantify these contributions to the GJ 876 system, and thereby highlight the conditions which must exist for multi-planet exosystems to be significantly influenced by such factors. We find that massive enough disks may convert resonant libration into circulation; such disk-induced signatures may provide constraints for future studies of exoplanet systems.
description: 39 pages of body text, 21 figures, 5 tables, 1 appendix, accepted for publication in Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy
Postcard from Kathleen Raine to Robin Skelton, [August 02, 1954]
Creators: name: Raine, Kathleen, 1908-2003
Publisher: name: University of Victoria Libraries
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Poets
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1067778
subject: Raine, Kathleen, 1908-2003
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/52672
subject: Novelists, English
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1039718
subject: Periodical editors
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1058064
subject: Skelton, Robin
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/51853
subject: Poets, English
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1067870
subject: Book industries and trade
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/836171
subject: Periodicals--Publishing
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1058100
subject: Philosophy
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1060777
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: Platonists
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1066881
subject: Novelists
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1039684
subject: Scholars
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1106878
subject: Wiccans
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1765210
subject: Authors
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/821688
subject: English poetry--Manuscripts
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/912320
subject: Literature, Modern
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1000172
subject: Authors, English
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/821945
subject: Neoplatonism
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1035884
subject: Critics
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/883769
subject: Editors
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/902475

description: Part of a collection of correspondence from Kathleen Raine to Robin Skelton. Skelton was a British poet, academic, anthologist, and practicing Wiccan. He taught at Manchester University before emigrating to Canada in 1963, where he taught creative writing at the University of Victoria and started the literary magazine The Malahat Review. Also included are some letters to Skelton’s wife Sylvia, and his daughters. Spanning close to forty-five years, the correspondence discusses poetry, writing, and philosophy; particularly Platonism and Neoplatonism. Raine often refers to the writings of William Blake and W. B. Yeats. Many letters also mention contemporary literary figures at the time including: Herbert Read, Peter Russell, Liam Miller, and Thurairajah Tambimuttu. In this card, Raine discusses magazines.
A mathematical procedure for selecting among alternative utility functions
Creators: name: Schoot, Gerrit Paul Van Der
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This thesis presents a mathematical procedure, called the R^-method, for selecting among alternative utility functions to represent a decision maker's risk preference. A general class of utility functions is introduced and for five alternative members of this class, the absolute risk aversion at the initial wealth w[sub o] , i.e. R[sub A](w[sub o] ), is expressed as a function of: (i) the parameters of a nondegenerate gamble z; and (ii) the decision maker's response to that gamble (in terms of risk premium, or certainty equivalent, or probability equivalent, or gain equivalent). Mathematical results are obtained for two different gambles. The R[sub A]-method calculates the values of R[sub A] for several responses to different reference gambles, and then selects the utility function with the least relative standard deviation over the R[sub A] values. The procedure is based on the fact, that for the decision maker's actual utility function, R[sub A] must theoretically attain the same value at w[sub o], namely R[sub A](w[sub o]), no matter what gamble is used to assess R[sub A]. Suggestions are made for extending the R[sub A]-method to incorporate risk proneness as well as attitudes which are risk averse over one part of the domain and risk seeking over another part. Finally, a chapter on mathematical extensions is provided in order to improve the R[sub A]-method by including a larger set of alternative utility functions.
Constraining the nature of the possible extrasolar PDS110b ring system
Creators: name: Pinheiro, Tiago F. L. L.
name: Sfair, Rafael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The young star PDS110 in the Ori OB1a association underwent two similar eclipses in 2008 and 2011, each of which lasted for a period of at least 25 days. One plausible explanation for these events is that the star was eclipsed by an unseen giant planet (named PDS110b) circled by a ring system that fills a large fraction of its Hill sphere. Through thousands of numerical simulations of the three-body problem, we constrain the mass and eccentricity of this planet as well the size and inclination of its ring, parameters that are not well determined by the observational data alone. We carried out a broad range of different configurations for the PDS110b ring system and ruled out all that did not match with the observations. The result shows that the ring system could be prograde or retrograde; the preferred solution is that the ring has an inclination lower than $60^\circ$ and a radius between 0.1 and 0.2 au and that the planet is more massive than $35 M_\mathrm{Jup}$ and has a low eccentricity (<0.05).
Marketing Costs and Margins for Chicken Fryers and Fowl Sold in Chicago and Minneapolis-St. Paul
Creators: name: Conlogue, Robert M.
name: Conlogue, Robert M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1957
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Excerpts from the report: This study describes the 1955-56 margins and operating costs of processors of chicken fryers and fowl shipping into the Chicago, Ill., and Minneapolis-St. Paul, Minn., metropolitan areas, the margins and costs of poultry wholesalers, and the margins of chain and independent retailers in those areas. The "marketing margin" is the difference between the price per pound the consumer pays for chicken and the payment the farmer receives for an equivalent quantity of live chicken. About 72 percent of the live chicken reaches the consumer ready to cook. Therefore, the price the farmer receives for approximately 1.4 pounds of live chicken is the equivalent of what the consumer pays for 1 pound of ready-to-cook chicken. The marketing margin includes all charges for procurement, slaughtering, eviscerating, packaging, and distributing chickens. The payment received by the farmer is called the "farm value."
Soft end-point and mass corrections to the eta' g*g* vertex function
Creators: name: Agaev, S. S.
name: Nobary, M. A. Gomshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Power-suppressed corrections arising from end-point integration regions to the space-like vertex function of the massive eta'-meson virtual gluon transition eta' - g*g* are computed. Calculations are performed within the standard hard-scattering approach (HSA) and the running coupling method supplemented by the infrared renormalon calculus. Contributions to the vertex function from the quark and gluon contents of the eta' -meson are taken into account and the Borel resummed expressions for F_{eta' g*g*}(Q2,ω,η), as well as for F_{eta' g g*}}(Q^{2},ω=\pm 1,η) and F_{eta' g*g*}(Q^{2},ω=0,η) are obtained. It is demonstrated that the power-suppressed corrections \sim (Λ^{2}/Q^{2})^{n}, in the explored range of the total gluon virtuality 1
Surface chemistry models for GaAs epitaxial growth and hydride cracking using reacting flow simulations
Creators: name: Hassanaly, Malik
name: Sitaraman, Hariswaran
name: Schulte, Kevin L.
name: Ptak, Aaron J.
name: Simon, John
name: Udwary, Kevin
name: Leach, Jacob H.
name: Splawn, Heather
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hydride Vapor Phase Epitaxy (HVPE) is a promising technology that can aid in the cost reduction of III-V materials and devices manufacturing, particularly high-efficiency solar cells for space and terrestrial applications. However, recent demonstrations of ultra fast growth rates ($\sim$ 500 $μ$m/h) via uncracked hydrides are not well described by present models for the growth. Therefore, it is necessary to understand the kinetics of the growth process and its coupling with transport phenomena, so as to enable fast and uniform epitaxial growth. In this work, we derive a kinetic model using experimental data and integrate it into a computational fluid dynamics simulation of an HVPE growth reactor. We also modify an existing hydride cracking model that we validate against numerical simulations and experimental data. We show that the developed growth model and the improved cracking model are able to reproduce experimental growth measurements of \ce{GaAs} in an existing HVPE system.
description: 12 pages, 13 figures, 2 tables
Sheet Dependence on Superconducting Gap in Oxygen-Deficient Iron-based Oxypnictide Superconductors NdFeAs0.85
Creators: name: Aiura, Yoshihiro
name: Sato, Koji
name: Iwasawa, Hideaki
name: Nakashima, Yosuke
name: Ino, Akihiro
name: Arita, Masashi
name: Shimada, Kenya
name: Namatame, Hirofumi
name: Taniguchi, Masaki
name: Hase, Izumi
name: Miyazawa, Kiichi
name: Shirage, Parasharam M.
name: Eisaki, Hiroshi
name: Kito, Hijiri
name: Iyo, Akira
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Photoemission spectroscopy with low-energy tunable photons on oxygen-deficient iron-based oxypnictide superconductors NdFeAsO0.85 (Tc=52K) reveals a distinct photon-energy dependence of the electronic structure near the Fermi level (EF). A clear shift of the leading-edge can be observed in the superconducting states with 9.5 eV photons, while a clear Fermi cutoff with little leading-edge shift can be observed with 6.0 eV photons. The results are indicative of the superconducting gap opening not on the hole-like ones around Gamma (0,0) point but on the electron-like sheets around M(pi,pi) point.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures
Local Unitary Quantum Cellular Automata
Creators: name: Perez-Delgado, Carlos A.
name: Cheung, Donny
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we present a quantization of Cellular Automata. Our formalism is based on a lattice of qudits, and an update rule consisting of local unitary operators that commute with their own lattice translations. One purpose of this model is to act as a theoretical model of quantum computation, similar to the quantum circuit model. It is also shown to be an appropriate abstraction for space-homogeneous quantum phenomena, such as quantum lattice gases, spin chains and others. Some results that show the benefits of basing the model on local unitary operators are shown: universality, strong connections to the circuit model, simple implementation on quantum hardware, and a wealth of applications.
description: To appear in Physical Review A
ADVERSARIALuscator: An Adversarial-DRL Based Obfuscator and Metamorphic Malware SwarmGenerator
Creators: name: Sewak, Mohit
name: Sahay, Sanjay K.
name: Rathore, Hemant
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Advanced metamorphic malware and ransomware, by using obfuscation, could alter their internal structure with every attack. If such malware could intrude even into any of the IoT networks, then even if the original malware instance gets detected, by that time it can still infect the entire network. It is challenging to obtain training data for such evasive malware. Therefore, in this paper, we present ADVERSARIALuscator, a novel system that uses specialized Adversarial-DRL to obfuscate malware at the opcode level and create multiple metamorphic instances of the same. To the best of our knowledge, ADVERSARIALuscator is the first-ever system that adopts the Markov Decision Process-based approach to convert and find a solution to the problem of creating individual obfuscations at the opcode level. This is important as the machine language level is the least at which functionality could be preserved so as to mimic an actual attack effectively. ADVERSARIALuscator is also the first-ever system to use efficient continuous action control capable of deep reinforcement learning agents like the Proximal Policy Optimization in the area of cyber security. Experimental results indicate that ADVERSARIALuscator could raise the metamorphic probability of a corpus of malware by >0.45. Additionally, more than 33% of metamorphic instances generated by ADVERSARIALuscator were able to evade the most potent IDS. If such malware could intrude even into any of the IoT networks, then even if the original malware instance gets detected, by that time it can still infect the entire network. Hence ADVERSARIALuscator could be used to generate data representative of a swarm of very potent and coordinated AI-based metamorphic malware attacks. The so generated data and simulations could be used to bolster the defenses of an IDS against an actual AI-based metamorphic attack from advanced malware and ransomware.
On Strong Convergence to Equilibrium for the Boltzmann Equation with Soft Potentials
Creators: name: Carlen, Eric A.
name: Carvalho, Maria C.
name: Lu, Xuguang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 82C40; 26D10

description: The paper concerns $L^1$- convergence to equilibrium for weak solutions of the spatially homogeneous Boltzmann Equation for soft potentials $(-4\le \gm<0$), with and without angular cutoff. We prove the time-averaged $L^1$-convergence to equilibrium for all weak solutions whose initial data have finite entropy and finite moments up to order greater than $2+|\gm|$. For the usual $L^1$-convergence we prove that the convergence rate can be controlled from below by the initial energy tails, and hence, for initial data with long energy tails, the convergence can be arbitrarily slow. We also show that under the integrable angular cutoff on the collision kernel with $-1\le \gm<0$, there are algebraic upper and lower bounds on the rate of $L^1$-convergence to equilibrium. Our methods of proof are based on entropy inequalities and moment estimates.
description: This version contains a strengthened theorem 3, on rate of convergence, considerably relaxing the hypotheses on the initial data, and introducing a new method for avoiding use of poitwise lower bounds in applications of entropy production to convergence problems
Contact line pinning and de-pinning can modulate the rod-climbing effect
Creators: name: Chandra, Navin Kumar
name: Ghosh, Udita. U.
name: Saha, Aniruddha
name: Kumar, Aloke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Our experiments on the rod-climbing effect with an oil-coated rod revealed two key differences in the rod-climbing phenomena compared to a bare rod. On one hand, an enhancement in magnitude of climbing height for any particular value of rod rotation speed and second, a decrease in threshold rod rotation speed required for the appearance of the rod-climbing effect were observed. Observed phenomena is explained by considering the contact line behavior at the rod-fluid interface. Transient evolution of meniscus at the rod-fluid interface revealed that the three-phase contact line was pinned for a bare rod and de-pinned for an oil-coated rod. We modelled the subject fluid as a Giesekus fluid to predict the climbing height. The differences in the contact line behaviour were incorporated via the contact angle at the rod-fluid interface as a boundary condition. An agreement was found between the observed and predicted climbing height establishing that contact line behaviour may modulate rod-climbing effect.
Germanic elements in French Toponymy
Creators: name: Caljouw, William Robert
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The principal aims of this study are two-fold. The first is to survey previous research in the field and to discuss the main questions concerning the origins and significance of the Germanic elements in the place-names of France. To this end the work done by leading specialists from the late 19th to the mid 20th centuries is studied. By comparing their findings an attempt is made at sifting through the various hypotheses and at gaining an idea of present knowledge in this area. The second objective is to classify the different types of place-names containing Germanic elements. Using typical examples, each of these categories is examined in turn. The information derived from several thousand examples is used to produce maps showing geographic distribution of the most important place-name types. These provide new insights into the extent of Germanic settlement and its lasting influence in the Frerich-speaking world.
Logic, Philosophy and Physics: a critical commentary on the dilemma of categories
Creators: name: Majhi, Abhishek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I provide a critical commentary regarding the attitude of the logician and the philosopher towards the physicist and physics. The commentary is intended to showcase how a general change in attitude towards making scientific inquiries can be beneficial for science as a whole. However, such a change can come at the cost of looking beyond the categories of the disciplines of logic, philosophy and physics. It is through self-inquiry that such a change is possible, along with the realization of the essence of the middle that is otherwise excluded by choice. The logician, who generally holds a reverential attitude towards the physicist, can then actively contribute to the betterment of physics by improving the language through which the physicist expresses his experience. The philosopher, who otherwise chooses to follow the advancement of physics and gets stuck in the trap of sophistication of language, can then be of guidance to the physicist on intellectual grounds by having the physicist's experience himself. In course of this commentary, I provide a glimpse of how a truthful conversion of verbal statements to physico-mathematical expressions unravels the hitherto unrealized connection between Heisenberg uncertainty relation and Cauchy's definition of derivative that is used in physics. The commentary can be an essential reading if the reader is willing to look beyond the categories of logic, philosophy and physics by being `nobody'.
description: 21 pages, Heisenberg uncertainty principle from Cauchy's definition of derivative - a missing piece from scientific literature
An interactive and AI-enhanced framework for semi-automatically generating iStar goal models: materials
Creators: name: Zhou, Qixiang
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: iStar 2.0 tutorial slides: iStar-tutorial-online.pdfThe slides are the same as the slides “iStar 2.0 Tutorial (from ER 2016)” (https://www.dropbox.com/s/4l2k4tbywb8wekk/iStar-tutorial-online.pdf) on the website “iStar language” (https://sites.google.com/site/istarlanguage/).The case for the tutorial: example.txt

The case for the modeling and analysis: case.txtThe case is excerpted from the CCTNS case in PURE dataset (https://zenodo.org/records/7118517).
LHC Signals for Warped Electroweak Neutral Gauge Bosons
Creators: name: Agashe, Kaustubh
name: Davoudiasl, Hooman
name: Gopalakrishna, Shrihari
name: Han, Tao
name: Huang, Gui-Yu
name: Perez, Gilad
name: Si, Zong-Guo
name: Soni, Amarjit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study signals at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) for Kaluza-Klein (KK) excitations of the electroweak gauge bosons in the framework with the Standard Model (SM) gauge and fermion fields propagating in a warped extra dimension. Such a framework addresses both the Planck-weak and flavor hierarchy problems of the SM. Unlike the often studied Z' cases, in this framework, there are three neutral gauge bosons due to the underlying SU(2)_L x SU(2)_R x U(1)_X gauge group in the bulk. Furthermore, couplings of these KK states to light quarks and leptons are suppressed, whereas those to top and bottom quarks are enhanced compared to the SM gauge couplings. Therefore, the production of light quark and lepton states is suppressed relative to other beyond the SM constructions, and the fermionic decays of these states are dominated by the top and bottom quarks, which are, though, overwhelmed by KK gluons dominantly decaying into them. However, as we emphasize in this paper, decays of these states to longitudinal W, Z and Higgs are also enhanced similarly to the case of top and bottom quarks. We show that the W, Z and Higgs final states can give significant sensitivity at the LHC to 2 (3) TeV KK scale with an integrated luminosity of 100 invfb (1 invab). Since current theoretical framework(s) favor KK masses greater than about 3 TeV, luminosity upgrade of LHC is likely to be crucial in observing these states.
description: 43 pages
Beyond The Quenched (or Probe Brane) Approximation in Lattice (or Holographic) QCD
Creators: name: Armoni, Adi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a method to improve the quenched approximation. The method, based on the worldline formalism, takes into account effects of quark loops. The idea is useful mostly for AdS/CFT (holographic) calculations. To demonstrate the method we estimate screening (string breaking) effects by a simple holographic calculation.
description: 7 pages, LaTex. 2 eps figures. v2: a discussion added about the holographic form of the method. v3: added references to lattice literature. To appear in Phys.Rev.D
title: Jahresbericht 2018 - Universität Bayreuth IT-Servicezentrum
Creators: name: Universität Bayreuth, IT-Servicezentrum
Publisher: name: University of Bayreuth
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Universität Bayreuth
subject: Rechenzentrum
subject: IT-Servicezentrum
subject: Jahresbericht
subject: 000

description: Jahresbericht
Infinite log-concavity: developments and conjectures
Creators: name: McNamara, Peter R. W.
name: Sagan, Bruce E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05A10 (Primary) 05A20, 05E05, 39B12 (Secondary)

description: Given a sequence (a_k) = a_0, a_1, a_2,... of real numbers, define a new sequence L(a_k) = (b_k) where b_k = a_k^2 - a_{k-1} a_{k+1}. So (a_k) is log-concave if and only if (b_k) is a nonnegative sequence. Call (a_k) "infinitely log-concave" if L^i(a_k) is nonnegative for all i >= 1. Boros and Moll conjectured that the rows of Pascal's triangle are infinitely log-concave. Using a computer and a stronger version of log-concavity, we prove their conjecture for the nth row for all n <= 1450. We also use our methods to give a simple proof of a recent result of Uminsky and Yeats about regions of infinite log-concavity. We investigate related questions about the columns of Pascal's triangle, q-analogues, symmetric functions, real-rooted polynomials, and Toeplitz matrices. In addition, we offer several conjectures.
description: 21 pages. Minor changes and additional references. Final version, to appear in Advances in Applied Mathematics
Lattice QCD determination of patterns of excited baryon states
Creators: name: Basak, Subhasish
name: Edwards, R. G.
name: Fleming, G. T.
name: Juge, K. J.
name: Lichtl, A.
name: Morningstar, C.
name: Richards, D. G.
name: Sato, I.
name: Wallace, S. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Energies for excited isospin I=1/2 and I=3/2 states that include the nucleon and Delta families of baryons are computed using quenched, anisotropic lattices. Baryon interpolating field operators that are used include nonlocal operators that provide G_2 irreducible representations of the octahedral group. The decomposition of spin 5/2 or higher spin states is realized for the first time in a lattice QCD calculation. We observe patterns of degenerate energies in the irreducible representations of the octahedral group that correspond to the subduction of the continuum spin 5/2 or higher. The overall pattern of low-lying excited states corresponds well to the pattern of physical states subduced to the irreducible representations of the octahedral group.
description: 14 pages, 5 figures
On the Secure Degrees of Freedom in the K-User Gaussian Interference Channel
Creators: name: Koyluoglu, Onur Ozan
name: Gamal, Hesham El
name: Lai, Lifeng
name: Poor, H. Vincent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper studies the K-user Gaussian interference channel with secrecy constraints. Two distinct network models, namely the interference channel with confidential messages and the one with an external eavesdropper, are analyzed. Using interference alignment along with secrecy pre-coding at each transmitter, it is shown that each user in the network can achieve non-zero secure Degrees of Freedoms (DoFs) in both scenarios. In particular, the proposed coding scheme achieves (K-2)/(2K-2) secure DoFs for each user in the interference channel with confidential messages model, and (K-2)/2K secure DoFs in the case of an external eavesdropper. The fundamental difference between the two scenarios stems from the lack of channel state information (CSI) about the external eavesdropper. Remarkably, the results establish the positive impact of interference on the secrecy capacity of wireless networks.
description: Proceedings of the 2008 IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory, Toronto, ON, Canada, July 6 - 11, 2008
Nano-sheets of two-dimensional polymers with dinuclear (arene)ruthenium nodes, synthesised at a liquid/liquid interface
Creators: name: Herrero, Ana Cristina Gómez
name: Féron, Michel
name: Bendiab, Nedjma
name: Hertog, Martien Den
name: Reita, Valérie
name: Salut, Roland
name: Palmino, Frank
name: Coraux, Johann
name: Chérioux, Frédéric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We developed a new class of mono- or few-layered two-dimensional polymers based on dinuclear (arene)ruthenium nodes, obtained by combining the imine condensation with an interfacial chemistry process, and use a modified Langmuir-Schaefer method to transfer them onto solid surfaces. Robust nano-sheets of 2D polymers including dinuclear complexes of heavy ruthenium atoms as nodes were synthesised. These nano-sheets, whose thickness is of a few tens of nanometers, were suspended onto solid porous membranes. Then, they were thoroughly characterised with a combination of local probes, including Raman scattering, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy in imaging and diffraction mode.
description: 9 pages, 2 schemes, 4 figures
Exact Solution for Three-Dimensional Ising Model
Creators: name: Zhang, Degang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Three-dimensional Ising model in zero external field is exactly solved by operator algebras, similar to the Onsager's approach in two dimensions. The partition function of the simple cubic crystal imposed by the periodic boundary condition along two directions and the screw boundary condition along the third direction is calculated rigorously. In the thermodynamic limit an integral replaces a sum in the formula of the partition function. The critical temperatures, at which order-disorder transitions in the infinite crystal occur along three axis directions, are determined. The analytical expressions for the internal energy and the specific heat are also presented.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures
Consequences of a Cosmic Scalar with Kinetic Coupling to Curvature
Creators: name: Daniel, Scott F.
name: Caldwell, Robert R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The classical gravitational theory of a scalar field with a gradient coupling to the Ricci tensor is examined. This is a scalar-vector-tensor gravitational theory, but in the case that the coupling is weak and the scalar evolves like a quintessence field on cosmological time scales, the field equations within the solar system are similar to a vector-tensor theory predicting tightly-constrained preferred-frame effects. In the early universe, it is shown that strong coupling effects can damp the evolution of the scalar field rolling down a potential to help drive an inflationary epoch. In the absence of a potential, the strong coupling effects drive a coasting expansion epoch which ultimately terminates in a sudden singularity.
description: 7 pages
A EDUCAÇÃO EM UMA COMUNIDADE QUILOMBOLA: ANÁLISE DO MODELO EDUCACIONAL DA COMUNIDADE BARRA DA AROEIRA EM SANTA TEREZA DO TOCANTINS
Creators: name: Leila Curcino Alves
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Resumo

O presente artigo buscou analisar o modelo educacional aplicado na comunidade quilombola Barra da Aroeira em Santa Tereza do Tocantins, nos anos de 2015 a 2021. A educação foi historicamente obstaculizada à população negra. Neste sentido, o trabalho intentou identificar as políticas nacionais de garantia do direito à educação nas comunidades negras ao longo da história, realizando uma contraposição com modelo educacional aplicado na comunidade. Procurou também refletir sobre o acesso à educação como direito social fundamental. Metodologicamente, o trabalho se deu sob o aspecto de pesquisa bibliográfica-documental, desenvolvido com base em material pré-constituído, como, por exemplo, livros, artigos científicos, fundamentos legais e infra legais existentes, dados do Ministério da Educação e prova Brasil. A partir dos dados obtidos realizou-se uma análise dos resultados alcançados pela unidade escolar nas avaliações do Ministério da Educação, especialmente após a publicação da Resolução nº 08/2012, Diretrizes Nacionais para Educação Escolar Quilombola. Constatou-se que a unidade escolar é classificada como escola rural, localiza-se na comunidade quilombola, contempla em seus objetivos pedagógicos a inclusão e a diversidade social, entretanto, há um descolamento entre as modelo aplicado na unidade escolar com as Diretrizes Nacionais.

Palavras-chave: Educação. Políticas Públicas. Quilombola. Modelo de ensino.
Continuous and discontinuous piecewise linear solutions of the linearly forced inviscid Burgers equation
Creators: name: Lundmark, Hans
name: Szmigielski, Jacek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a class of piecewise linear solutions to the inviscid Burgers equation driven by a linear forcing term. Inspired by the analogy with peakons, we think of these solutions as being made up of solitons situated at the breakpoints. We derive and solve ODEs governing the soliton dynamics, first for continuous solutions, and then for more general shock wave solutions with discontinuities. We show that triple collisions of solitons cannot take place for continuous solutions, but give an example of a triple collision in the presence of a shock.
description: To appear in Journal of Nonlinear Mathematical Physics (proceedings of NEEDS 2007). 16 pages, 3 figures, LaTeX + AMS packages + pstricks
Classification of Swift's gamma-ray bursts
Creators: name: Horvath, I.
name: Balazs, L. G.
name: Bagoly, Z.
name: Veres, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two classes of gamma-ray bursts have been identified in the BATSE catalogs characterized by durations shorter and longer than about 2 seconds. There are, however, some indications for the existence of a third class. Swift satellite detectors have different spectral sensitivity than pre-Swift ones for gamma-ray bursts. Therefore, it is worth to reanalyze the durations and their distribution. We analyze, the maximum likelihood estimation, the bursts duration distribution, published in The First BAT Catalog, whether it contains two, three or more groups. The three log-normal fit is significantly (99.54% probability) better than the two for the duration distribution. Monte-Carlo simulations also confirm this probability (99.2%). Similarly, in previous results we found that the fourth component is not needed. The relative frequencies of the distribution of the groups are 7% short 35% intermediate and 58% long. Although the relative frequencies of the groups are different than in the BATSE GRB sample, the difference in the instrument spectral sensitivities can explain this bias on a natural way. This means theoretical models may be needed to explain three different type of gamma-ray bursts.
description: Accepted in AA, added bibliography
Generation of four-qubit cluster of entangled coherent states in bimodal QED cavities
Creators: name: Becerra-Castro, E. M.
name: Cardoso, W. B.
name: Avelar, A. T.
name: Baseia, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A recent work [1] proposed a type of cluster entangled coherent states and its generation. Here we present an alternative experimental arrangement for its generation in bimodal QED cavities. The scheme employs a single two-level atom that interacts dispersively with cavity modes initially prepared in coherent states. The fidelity and success probability of the state preparation are obtained considering the influence of atomic velocity spread and atomic efficiency detection.
description: 3 pages, 2 figures
Supplemental Material from Sociability increases survival of adult female giraffes
Creators: name: Bond, M. L.
name: Lee, D. E.
name: Farine, D. R.
name: Ozgul, A.
name: König, B.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: Simple Ratio Index of Association; Sociability and Social Community Detection; Non-Social Environmental Covariates; Survival Rates; Exploring Correlations Between Adult Females in Groups, Total Group Size, and Repeatability of Male and Female Counts in Groups
A multi-coloured survey of NGC 253 with XMM-Newton: testing the methods used for creating luminosity functions from low-count data
Creators: name: Barnard, R.
name: Greening, L. Shaw
name: Kolb, U.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: NGC 253 is a local, star-bursting spiral galaxy with strong X-ray emission from hot gas, as well as many point sources. We have conducted a spectral survey of the X-ray population of NGC 253 using a deep XMM-Newton observation.NGC 253 only accounts for ~20% of the XMM-Newton EPIC field of view, allowing us to identify ~100 X-ray sources that are unlikely to be associated with NGC\thinspace 253. Hence we were able to make a direct estimate of contamination from e.g. foreground stars and background galaxies. X-ray luminosity functions (XLFs) of galaxy populations are often used to characterise their properties. There are several methods for estimating the luminosities of X-ray sources with few photons. We have obtained spectral fits for the brightest 140 sources in the 2003 XMM-Newton observation of NGC 253, and compare the best fit luminosities of those 69 non-nuclear sources associated with NGC 253 with luminosities derived using other methods. We find the luminosities obtained from these various methods to vary systematically by a factor of up to three for the same data; this is largely due to differences in absorption. We therefore conclude that assuming Galactic absorption is probably unwise; rather, one should measure the absorption for the population. A remarkable correlation has been reported between the XLFs of galaxies and their star formation rates. However, the XLFs used in that study were obtained using several different methods. If the sample galaxies were revisited and a single method were applied, then this correlation may become stronger still.
description: Accepted for publication in the Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society (MNRAS). 17 pages, 7 figures