cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
SOME NOTES ON THE ASYMMETRY OF EMPIRICAL DISTRIBUTIONS
KILKA UWAG O ASYMETRII ROZKŁADÓW EMPIRYCZNYCH
Creators: name: Wesolowska-Janczarek, Miroslawa
name: Wesolowska-Janczarek, Miroslawa
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession
subject: empirical distribution
subject: asymmetry of the distribution
subject: measures of asymmetry

description: This paper discusses different aspects of asymmetry of empirical distributions. An attempt was made to clarify the definition of such distributions and to identify some of the problems associated with commonly used skewness coefficients of As and γ and their interpretation and those yet requiring further research.
Improving the exchange and correlation potential in density functional approximations through constraints
Creators: name: Callow, Timothy J.
name: Pearce, Benjamin J.
name: Pitts, Tom
name: Lathiotakis, Nektarios N.
name: Hodgson, Matthew J. P.
name: Gidopoulos, Nikitas I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review and expand on our work to impose constraints on the effective Kohn Sham (KS) potential of local and semi-local density functional approximations. In this work, we relax a previously imposed positivity constraint, which increased the computational cost and we find that it is safe to do so, except in systems with very few electrons. The constrained minimisation leads invariably to the solution of an optimised effective potential (OEP) equation in order to determine the KS potential. We review briefly our previous work on this problem and demonstrate with numerous examples that despite well-known mathematical issues of the OEP with finite basis sets, our OEP equations are well behaved. We demonstrate that constraining the screening charge of the Hartree, exchange and correlation potential not only corrects its asymptotic behaviour but also allows the exchange and correlation potential to exhibit nonzero derivative discontinuity, a feature of the exact KS potential that is necessary for the accurate prediction of band-gaps in solids but very hard to capture with semi-local approximations.
description: 26 pages, 11 figures. Accepted to Faraday Discussions 06 July 2020; open access. The article is part of the themed collection: New horizons in density functional theory. V3 is the accepted manuscript (after 12 month embargo period)
Designing a healthy and sustainable diet
Creators: name: Chalmers, Neil
name: Revoredo-Giha, Cesar
name: Chalmers, Neil
name: Revoredo-Giha, Cesar
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Health Economics and Policy
subject: Food Consumption
subject: Linear Programming
subject: Nutrition
subject: Sustainability

description: Many Western countries such as Scotland face the challenge of reducing carbon emissions associated with food systems (Garnett 2011) while also improving dietary nutritional intake (Scottish Government 2016). Both measures together with affordability represent a sustainable diet. The purpose of this paper is to estimate a healthy and sustainable diet for the major demographic groups in Scotland through producing a list of food products which would help create such a diet. The data for the analysis were sourced from the National Diet and Nutrition Survey (NDNS) for the purposes of estimating Scottish food consumption categories and their respective nutrients. The datasets were augmented with prices obtained from 2014 Kantar Worldpanel data in addition to carbon footprint data (cradle to grave). The diet was designed using a linear programming model, which minimised the monetary cost of the diet subject to 22 nutritional constraints based on UK and Scottish dietary recommendations plus a greenhouse gas emission constraint. The results suggest that a sustainable and healthy diet is possible for all the demographic groups. All 22 nutrient constraints were satisfied in the modelling of the healthy and sustainable diet and the cost of the seven-day diet was estimated to be the most expensive for the Female 11-14 group at £18.20. However, the diets are virtually vegetarian based and some quantities of food products are unrealistic, which may pose issues for consumer acceptability.
A search theory model for the Buy Wine matchmaking algorithm in Tuscany.
Creators: name: Vergamini, Daniele
name: Bartolini, Fabio
name: Brunori, Gianluca
name: Prosperi, Paolo
name: Genovesi, Simone
name: Vergamini, Daniele
name: Bartolini, Fabio
name: Brunori, Gianluca
name: Prosperi, Paolo
name: Genovesi, Simone
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Industrial Organization
subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: search theory
subject: wine supply chain relationship
subject: producers bargaining power
subject: experimental economics

description: This is a working draft. Please do not cite without permission of the author.................Abstract: Given the increasing concentration in the distribution of wine markets, the figure of export broker can have a significant role in the ex-ante contracting process over Tuscan wineries that seek to distribute to international outlets. Adopting a search theory approach, this paper aims to develop a basic model that describes the role of the Buy Wine algorithm and its intermediation function. The model contributes to understand how the quality of matches can influence the intermediaries’ bargaining power and the relative influence on wine prices. In these terms, the bargaining solution is still compatible with previous search theory (i.e. see Rubinstein and Wolinsky, 1987; Wong and Wright, 2011) and family economics (Browning et al., 2014) results, but the model provides an explanation of the influence that the different matching alternatives have on price determination. Our results show that the strategy set up by the Tuscany Region to facilitate the contact between regional producers and international buyers, guarantees a positive economic return for Tuscan wine producers. The statement of buyers’ preferences towards a seller profile and vice-versa may reduce the risk to occur into hidden information on the quality of traded good and then claim for a lower ex-ante search cost for the buyer.
Elements of an index-based margin insurance – an application to wheat production in Austria
Creators: name: Heinschink, Karin
name: Sinabell, Franz
name: Url, Thomas
name: Heinschink, Karin
name: Sinabell, Franz
name: Url, Thomas
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: natural hazards
subject: price risk
subject: margin insurance

description: Farmers may use financial market instruments to hedge price risks. Moreover, various types of insurance products are on the market to protect against production losses. An insurance that covers losses of both input and output prices was recently introduced in the US. We develop this concept further by proposing a prototype of an index-based margin insurance which accounts for both production risks and price risks (input and output prices). The prototype is based on standardised gross margin time series for specific activities. It accounts for revenues, variable costs by cost item, various insurance coverage levels, and gross margin. Indemnities are paid if the gross margin falls short of a determined level. We identify steps necessary to accomplish a market-ready insurance product (e.g. data validation, defining the details of the sub-indexes and the premium calculation, evaluating acceptance on the market prior to its launch). Using Austrian data, the innovative approach is exemplified with respect to different farm management practices, more specifically for the case of conventional and organic wheat production. Farmers could benefit from such a margin insurance since production and price risks would be covered in one scheme, thus reducing opportunity costs.
title: Coring Planetary Ices; Their Thermomechanical Behaviour
Creators: name: Garry, James Robert Creighton
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2002

description: Spacecraft missions are underway that will mechanically probe the material found at the surface of cometary nuclei. Little is known about the physical properties of these bodies and how their surface material will respond to a probe's sampling mechanisms. Tools such as rotating drills or hammering bits can cause the otherwise pristine material to be damaged and heated. This work addresses the phenomenon of tool-induced heating and examines the properties of ices in three planetary environments in which such coring processes may occur.

A unique drilling system has been built to provide data on the thermal response of ices under space-like conditions. Cold (-150 K) samples of water ice and carbon dioxide ice have been formed from the vapour phase and cored with an instrumented cutting head under low pressures. The effort used to core these ices has been measured as a function of temperature, coring speed, and depth rate. Three broad conclusions can be drawn from these experiments.

1) Carbon dioxide ice grown from its vapour at 150 K requires approximately one third of the mechanical effort needed to core or drill the same volume of water ice at a given rate at the same temperature.

2) The power needed to drive a coring tool through water ice at a fixed rotation speed and a given vertical rate trebles as the ice's temperature falls from 240 to 140 K. Specific cutting energies greater than 55 J m-3 have been recorded for ice at 140 K, and dense carbon dioxide at the same temperature has been shown to have one half of that strength displayed by water ice.

3) Mechanical effort is mostly converted into heat in a coring process. Temperature rises of at least 10 K have been measured in dense samples of cryogenic (-140 K) carbon dioxide ice around a coring tool that operated with power levels of no more than 2 W. For the same applied power, water ices are expected to display one third of this temperature rise seen when coring void-free carbon dioxide ice at the same temperature.

The magnitude of this heating effect is assessed for a comet sampling tool on the Rosetta comet lander. It is expected that temperature rises of a few degrees will occur in water-ice rich material retrieved by the tool if the comet, at depths of several tens of centimetres, shows little porosity. It is also suggested that higher temperatures will be developed by extracting material from greater depths, where carbon dioxide may be present as a void-free ice.
Contract Design and Enforcement Problems in the High Value Vegetable Supply Chain in Ghana
Creators: name: Adjei, Cosmos
name: Wallace, Michael
name: Souza Monteiro, Diogo M. De
name: Adjei, Cosmos
name: Wallace, Michael
name: Souza Monteiro, Diogo M. De
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Industrial Organization
subject: Relational contracts
subject: High value supply chains
subject: Vegetables
subject: Side-selling
subject: Ghana

description: In recent times the Ghanaian vegetable sector faces declining export volumes and a ban on major exports from the profitable European Union Markets. One of the main reasons for this ban was poor coordination and quality control between farmers and exporters in the supply chain. We examine the nature of contracting and factors that influence contractual breaches such as side-selling in the supply chain. We find that supply contracts are the main type of arrangements and are mainly governed by seasonal informal (relational) agreements. Contracts mostly specify terms such as quality and quantity of produce to be delivered and type of agrochemicals and seeds to be used in vegetable cultivation. Agronomic practices such as weed control and agrochemical application regimes as well as harvesting and transport methods are less specified. Side-selling and failure to show up to purchase contracted produce are major contractual breaches by farmers and exporters respectively. Whiles farmers mostly prefer to stay in the contract but fail to trust exporters who breach contract in subsequent trade, exporters prefer to terminate contract with farmers who breach contract as a mechanism to enforce contract. The Logit regression results show that being an older farmer, farm size, a farmer and a buyer coming from same community and frequent monitoring of farm have negative influence on side-selling whiles shorter trading relationship, proximity of farm to alternative market and a farmer being a male have a positive influence on side-selling.
Ultra-low effective interfacial tension between miscible molecular fluids
Creators: name: Carbonaro, Alessandro
name: Cipelletti, Luca
name: Truzzolillo, Domenico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We exploit the deformation of drops spinning in a denser background fluid to investigate the effective interfacial tension (EIT) between miscible molecular fluids. We find that for sufficiently low interfacial tension, spinning drops develop dumbbell shapes, with two large heads connected by a thinner central body. We show that this shape depends not only on the density and viscosity contrast between the drop and background fluids, but also on the fluid molecular structure, and hence on the stresses developing at their interface due to different molecular interaction. We systematically investigate the dynamics of dumbbell-shaped drops of water-glycerol mixtures spinning in a pure glycerol reservoir. By developing a model for the deformation based on the balance of the shear stress opposing the deformation, the imposed normal stress on the drop and an effective interfacial tension, we exploit the time evolution of the drop shape to measure the EIT. Our results show that the EIT in water-glycerol systems is orders of magnitude lower than that reported in previous experimental measurements, and in excellent agreement with values calculated via the phase field model proposed in [Phys. Rev. X 6, 041057, 2016].
description: 11 pages, 6 figures
Correcting the chromatic and airmass dependent extinction for TIMMI2 spectra
Creators: name: Schuetz, O.
name: Sterzik, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a method to correct the chromatic and airmass dependent extinction for N-band spectra taken with the TIMMI2 instrument at the ESO / La Silla observatory. Usually, the target and calibrator star have to be observed at similar airmass in order to obtain reliable spectrophotometric fluxes. Our method allows to correct the atmospheric extinction and substantially improves the spectrophotometric flux calibration, when the standard stars were observed at a very different airmass than the targets. Hundreds of standard star measurements in several passbands (N1, N8.9, N10.4, N11.9) were used to derive mid-IR extinction coefficients. We demonstrate that applying our correction of the differential extinction to test data results in a spectrophotometric accuracy up to 2% within the literature flux.
description: To appear in the proceedings of "High Resolution Infrared Spectroscopy in Astronomy" (ESO Headquarters, 18-21 November 2003); eds. H.U. Kaeufl, R. Siebenmorgen, and A. Moorwood
Medium Modification of Jet Shapes and Jet Multiplicities
Creators: name: Salgado, Carlos A.
name: Wiedemann, Urs Achim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Medium-induced parton energy loss is widely considered to underly the suppression of high-pt leading hadron spectra in 200 GeV/A Au+Au collisions at RHIC. Its description implies a characteristic kt-broadening of the subleading hadronic fragments associated to the hard parton. However, this latter effect is more difficult to measure and remained elusive so far. Here, we discuss how it affects genuine jet observables which are accessible at LHC and possibly at RHIC. We find that the kt-broadening of jet multiplicity distributions provides a very sensitive probe of the properties of dense QCD matter, whereas the sensitivity of jet energy distributions is much weaker. In particular, the sensitive kinematic range of jet multiplicity distributions is almost unaffected by the high multiplicity background.
description: 4 pages, Latex, 3 eps figures. version2: error in eq. (6) corrected, Fig. 2 changed accordingly, conclusions unchanged
Fundamental physics tests using the propagation of GNSS signals
Creators: name: Bertrand, Bruno
name: Defraigne, Pascale
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper introduces new tests of fundamental physics by means of the analysis of disturbances on the GNSS signal propagation. We show how the GNSS signals are sensitive to a space variation of the fine structure constant $α$ in a generic framework of effective scalar field theories beyond the Standard Model. This effective variation may originate from the crossing of the RF signals with dark matter clumps and/or solitonic structures. At the macroscopic scale, the subsequent disturbances are equivalent to those which occur during the propagation in an inhomogeneous medium. We thus propose an interpretation of the "measure" of the vacuum permeability as a test of fundamental physics. We show the relevance of our approach by a first quantification of the expected signature in a simple model of a variation of $α$ according to a planar geometry. We use a test-bed model of domain walls for that purpose and focus on the measurable time delay in the GNSS signal carrier.
description: 15 pages, 6 figures
26. Spotlight: Expert*innen auf dem Gebiet der SynBio : Eine Recherche unter Anwendung des ExpertExplorers
Creators: name: Osterheider, Angela
name: Leidecker-Sandmann, Melanie
name: Kohler, Sarah
name: Stollorz, Volker
name: Bittkowski, Meik
name: Milhahn, Yannick
name: Lehmkuhl, Markus
Publisher: name: Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft
Year: 2021

description: In the ‘Fifth Gene Technology Report’, renowned experts provide an overview of current developments and their applications in the dynamically evolving research field of gene and biotechnologies. They examine, among other topics, genetic diagnostics, somatic gene therapy, the development of vaccines, stem cell and organoid research, green gene technology, synthetic biology, gene drives, genome editing, epigenetics and single cell analysis. In addition to reporting on the current state of affairs in this field, the authors also discuss society’s perception of gene technologies and ethical and legal issues relating to them, such as genome edit-ing, cerebral organoids and big data in personalised medicine. Moreover, the interdisciplinary task force ‘Gentechnologiebericht’ (Gene Technology Report) offers recommendations on action that could be taken in relation to the key issues. With contributions by Karla Alex, Sina Bartfeld, Meik Bittkowski, Inge Broer, Lorina Buhr, Stephan Clemens, Wolfgang Van den Daele, Hans-Georg Dederer, Tobias J. Erb, Nina Gasparoni, Heiner Fangerau, Boris Fehse, Jürgen Hampel, Louise Herde, Ferdinand Hucho, Ali Jawaid, Aida Khachatryan, Sarah Kohler, Alma Kolleck, Martin Korte, Cordula Kropp, Alfons Labisch, Markus Lehmkuhl, Melanie Leidecker-Sandmann, Annette Leßmöllmann, Isabelle M. Mansuy, Lilian Marx-Stölting, Andreas Merk, Yannick Milhahn, Fruzsina Molnár-Gábor, Stefan Mundlos, Staffan Müller-Wille, Angela Osterheider, Anja Pichl, Barbara Prainsack, Jens Reich, Marlen Reinschke, Ortwin Renn, Hans-Jörg Rheinberger, Arnold Sauter, Hannah Schickl, Silke Schicktanz, Volker Stollorz, Constanze Störk-Biber, Jochen Taupitz, Jörn Walter, Eva C. Winkler, Martin Zenke and Michael M. Zwick.
$J/ψ$ Gluonic Dissociation Revisited : I. Fugacity, Flux And Formation Time Effects
Creators: name: Patra, B. K.
name: Menon, V. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit the standard treatment [Xu, Kharzeev, Satz and Wang, Phys. Rev. C {\bf 53}, 3051 (1996)] of $J/ψ$ suppression due to gluonic bombardment in an equilibrating quark-gluon plasma. Effects arising from gluon fugacity, relative $g-ψ$ flux, and $ψ$ meson formation time are correctly incorporated in the formulation of the gluon number density, velocity-weighted cross section, and the survival probability. Our new formulae are applied to numerically study the pattern of $J/ψ$ suppression in the central rapidity region at RHIC/LHC energies. The temperature and transverse momentum dependence of our graphs have noticeable differences from those of Xu et al.
description: 15 pages, 6 figures
Involvement of Streptomyces in the Deterioration of Cultural Heritage Materials Through Biomineralization and Bio-Pigment Production Pathways: A Review
Creators: name: Sakr, Akmal A.
name: Ghaly, Mohamed F.
name: H. G. M. Edwards
name: Ali, Mona F.
name: Abdel-Haliem, Mahmoud E. F.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases

description: Streptomyces are involved in the deterioration of cultural heritage materials through several pathways, the most important of these are biomineralization and bio-pigment production. The biomineralization pathway can occur through the precipitation of calcite, silica, barytes, hydromagnesite and iron compounds on colonized paintings and on stone surfaces with paintings in relief. Streptomyces biomineralize boron although it was confirmed in biodeterioration of cultural heritage materials. The other pathway occurs via bio pigment production and the most common of these biopigments are melanin with colors ranging from black through brown to olive, carotenoids with colors ranging from red, yellow, and pink through to violet and thirdly, actinorhodin-related blue pigments.
Hexagonal boron nitride crystal growth in the Li3BN2-BN system
Creators: name: Maestre, Camille
name: Steyer, Philippe
name: Toury, Bérangère
name: Journet, Catherine
name: Garnier, Vincent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) presents valuable intrinsic properties and attracts considerable attention for the development of novel two-dimensional (2D) materials-based technologies. Even though huge efforts have been made to improve the bottom-up synthesis of integrated and high quality hBN, the devices presenting the best performances are still made using hBN exfoliated from bulk crystals. In this context, we explore the Polymer-Derived Ceramics (PDC) route coupled to a high temperature process that produces millimetric and high quality hBN crystals. By investigating the (micro)structure of several samples, we demonstrate that the crystal growth occurs by segregation from a Li3BN2-BN solution upon cooling and from hBN seeds. In particular, we show that crystallization can occur at a temperature as low as 1400{\textdegree}C. Overall, these results show that hBN crystal growth in the Li3BN2-BN system is compatible with conventional flux methods that may be the most promising platform for continuous seeded hBN crystal growth.
SiPM proton irradiation for application in cosmic space
Creators: name: Mianowski, S.
name: Borowicz, D. M.
name: Brylew, K.
name: Dziedzic, A.
name: Grodzicka-Kobylka, M.
name: Korgul, A.
name: Krakowiak, M.
name: Mianowska, Z.
name: Molokanov, A. G.
name: Moszynski, M.
name: Mytsin, G. V.
name: Rybka, D.
name: Shipulin, K.
name: Szczesniak, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper presents the results of the proton irradiation of silicon photomulipliers (SiPMs) by mono-energetic 170 MeV protons with fluence up to 4.6$\times$10$^{9}$ particles/cm$^2$. In our work, three types of silicon photodetectors from Hamamatsu with areas 3$\times$3 mm$^2$ and different subpixel sizes of 25$\times$25 $μ$m$^2$, 50$\times$50 $μ$m$^2$, and 75$\times$75 $μ$m$^2$ were used. The changes in the SiPM dark count rate (DCR) spectrum before and after irradiation in temperatures in the range of 20 $^\circ$C to -65 $^\circ$C are presented. The influence of the DCR changes on the energy resolution of the 662 keV gamma line from the $^{137}$Cs for a non-irradiated GAGG:Ce (1$\%$) scintillator is investigated. The time period of usability of the SiPM detector irradiated by protons in cosmic space was estimated.
WIYN Open Cluster Study. LXXVII. Radial-Velocity Measurements and Spectroscopic Binary Orbits in the Open Cluster NGC 7789
Creators: name: Nine, Andrew C.
name: Milliman, Katelyn E.
name: Mathieu, Robert D.
name: Geller, Aaron M.
name: Leiner, Emily M.
name: Platais, Imants
name: Tofflemire, Benjamin M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce the stellar sample of the WIYN Open Cluster Study radial-velocity survey for the rich open cluster NGC 7789 (1.6 Gyr, [Fe/H] = +0.02). This sample lies within an 18$'$ circular radius from the cluster center (10 pc in projection, or about 2 core radii), and includes giants, red-clump stars, blue stragglers, red stragglers, sub-subgiants, and main-sequence stars down to one mag below the turnoff. Our survey began in 2005 and comprises more than 9,000 radial-velocity measurements from the Hydra Multi-Object Spectrograph on the WIYN 3.5m telescope. We identify 564 likely cluster members and present the orbital solutions for 83 cluster binary stars with periods between 1.45$\,$d and 4200$\,$d. From the main-sequence binary solutions we fit a circularization period of 8.22$^{+3.51}_{-1.35}\,$d. We calculate an incompleteness-corrected main-sequence binary frequency of 31% $\pm$ 3% for binaries with periods less than 10$^{4}$ days, similar to other WOCS open clusters of all ages. We detect a blue straggler binary frequency of 31% $\pm$ 15%, consistent with the similarly aged cluster NGC 6819.
description: 47 pages, 16 figures. Submitted to AJ
Rent Dissipation in Restricted Access Fisheries
Creators: name: Dupont, Diane P.
name: Dupont, Diane P.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1989
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy

description: Thirty-five years have passed since Gordon's seminal article on rent dissipation in open access fisheries. Restricted access fisheries, created to solve the problem, have not been successful. Three common sources of dissipated rent are: input substitution, fleet redundancy and· composition. Fisheries policy has focused on finding solutions for the first source. This paper questions the wisdom of past policy by developing and implementing a methodology for the measurement of rent dissipation in restricted access fisheries. Results from the British Columbia salmon fishery suggest that regulators should have concentrated instead on improving fleet composition and removing excess vessels.
UNISECO Case study Italy: Diversifying specialised winegrowing areas Chianti Biodistrict (Tuscany)
Creators: name: Galioto, Francesco
name: Gava, Oriana
name: Povellato, Andrea
name: Vanni, Francesco
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: UNISECO H2020 project
case study
Italy
specialised vineyards
olive trees
soil erosion
biodiversity loss
land abandonement
Chianti Biodistrict
agroecological practices
targeted knowledge dissemination
cooperation

description: Presentation at the UNISECO H2020 Final Conference, 18-19 March 2021
 https://uniseco-project.eu/final-conference UNISECO is a European research project aiming to develop innovative approaches to enhance the understanding of socio-economic and policy drivers and barriers for further development and implementation of agro-ecological practices in EU farming systems. Learn more about the project: https://uniseco-project.eu/ This project has received funding from the European Union's H2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 773901
High-amplitude Delta Scuti stars in the Galactic bulge from the OGLE-II and MACHO data
Creators: name: Pigulski, A.
name: Kolaczkowski, Z.
name: Ramza, T.
name: Narwid, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Searching for main-sequence pulsators, we analyzed photometry of ~200,000 variable star candidates from the OGLE-II Galactic fields, finding 193 high-amplitude Delta Scuti stars. This doubles the number of known stars of this type. The MACHO data, available for half of stars, were also analyzed. In our sample of the HADS stars, we found 50 multiperiodic objects, including 39 that have period ratios in the range of 0.76-0.80, an indication of the radial fundamental and first-overtone pulsation. We discuss the resulting Petersen diagram for these stars in view of the period ratios predicted by models. Except for stars showing pulsations in the radial fundamental mode and first overtone, we find the evidence for higher radial overtones and non-radial modes in the analyzed sample of multiperiodic HADS stars.
description: 4 pages, 3 figues, to appear in the proceedings of the "Stellar Pulsation and Evolution" conference, Monte Porzio Catone, June 2005
Random Schrödinger Operators and Anderson localization in aperiodic media
Creators: name: Rojas-Molina, Constanza
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 82B44 (Primary), 47B80, 60H25, 81Q10 (Secondary)

description: In this note we review some results on localization and related properties for random Schrödinger operators arising in aperiodic media. These include the Anderson model associated to disordered quasycrystals and also the so-called Delone operators, operators associated to deterministic aperiodic structures.
description: 10 pages, submission to QMath14 proceedings
Sensitivity and accuracy of refractive index retrievals from measured extinction and absorption cross sections for mobility-selected internally mixed light absorbing aerosols
Creators: name: Cotterell, Michael I.
name: Szpek, Kate
name: Haywood, Jim M.
name: Langridge, Justin M.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 20199 Astronomical and Space Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Aerosol refractive index (RI) is related to particle composition and density, is used in optical spectroscopy studies to probe aerosol physiochemical properties during chemical reactions and gas-particle partitioning, and is important in atmospheric physics. Indeed, aerosol radiative forcing calculations require accurate descriptions of the real (n) and imaginary (k) RI components and their dependence on wavelength, humidity and particle mixing state. Using cavity ring-down spectroscopy (CRDS) and photoacoustic spectroscopy (PAS) to measure the extinction and absorption cross sections for mobility-selected aerosols is recognized as a good approach to retrieving n and k accurately. However, little work has assessed rigorously the sensitivity and accuracy of the retrieved values from this approach. This work investigates RI retrievals from CRDS- and PAS-measured optical properties for mobility-selected aerosols composed of ammonium sulfate (non-absorbing), nigrosin (strongly light absorbing) or a mixture of these two species. Importantly, we assess the sensitivity in our RI retrievals and then apply a Monte Carlo error propagation analysis to quantify the retrieval accuracy. Our Monte Carlo analysis is the first to account for the full range of uncertainties involved in RI retrievals from optical measurements on mobility-selected aerosol. We also report the first experimental validation of predictive RI mixing rules for non-aqueous internally mixed light absorbing aerosols by comparing mixing rule predictions with measurements for aerosol composed of internal mixtures of ammonium sulfate and nigrosin. The commonplace volume fraction mixing rule fails to predict refractive indices accurately and mixing rules with a physical basis must be used.
Suppressing Weak Ising Couplings: Tailored Gates for Quantum Computation
Creators: name: Jones, Jonathan A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I describe the use of techniques based on composite rotations to develop controlled phase gates in which the effects of weak Ising couplings are suppressed. A tailored composite phase gate is described which both suppresses weak couplings and is relatively insensitive to systematic errors in the size of strong couplings.
description: 6 pages including 3 figures
Knots with only two strict essential surfaces
Creators: name: Culler, Marc
name: Shalen, Peter B
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57M15, 57M25, 57M50

description: We consider irreducible 3-manifolds M that arise as knot complements in closed 3-manifolds and that contain at most two connected strict essential surfaces. The results in the paper relate the boundary slopes of the two surfaces to their genera and numbers of boundary components. Explicit quantitative relationships, with interesting asymptotic properties, are obtained in the case that M is a knot complement in a closed manifold with cyclic fundamental group.
description: Published by Geometry and Topology Monographs at http://www.maths.warwick.ac.uk/gt/GTMon7/paper14.abs.html
Creation of twistless circles in a model of stellar pulsations
Creators: name: Munteanu, Andreea
name: Garcia-Berro, Enrique
name: Jose, Jordi
name: Petrisor, Emilia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the present paper, we study the Poincare map associated to a periodic perturbation, both in space and time, of a linear Hamiltonian system. The dynamical system embodies the essential physics of stellar pulsations and provides a global and qualitative explanation of the chaotic oscillations observed in some stars. We show that this map is an area preserving one with an oscillating rotation number function. The nonmonotonic property of the rotation number function induced by the triplication of the elliptic fixed point is superposed on the nonmonotonic character due to the oscillating perturbation. This superposition leads to the co-manifestation of generic phenomena such as reconnection and meandering, with the nongeneric scenario of creation of vortices. The nonmonotonic property due to the triplication bifurcation is shown to be different from that exhibited by the cubic Henon map, which can be considered as the prototype of area preserving maps which undergo a triplication followed by the twistless bifurcation. Our study exploits the reversibility property of the initial system, which induces the time-reversal symmetry of the Poincare map.
description: To appear in Communications in Nonlinear Science and Numerical Simulation Vol.8 (2003); Figures 11,14,15,16 of better resolution are available from the authors
The Binary-Outcome Detection Loophole
Creators: name: Cope, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The detection loophole problem arises when quantum devices fail to provide an output for some of the experimental runs. These failures allow for the possibility of a local hidden-variable description of the resulting statistics; even if the correlations obtained from successful runs appear non-local. This is of particular significance in device-independent quantum cryptography, where verifiable non-locality is a necessary requirement for the security proof. For every scenario characterised by the amount of devices, along with the number of inputs and outputs available to them, there is a detection threshold - if the efficiency of the device falls below this no verification is possible. In this work I present an intuitive local hidden-variable construction for all no-signalling distributions with two parties and binary outcomes. This provides a lower bound on the detection threshold for quantum measurements in the same scenario tighter than known previously. When both parties have the same number of inputs into their device, this construction is shown optimal for small input numbers. I finish with some interesting conjectures.
description: V3. Close to published version
Balancing Multiple Roles of Repositories: Developing a Comprehensive Repository at Carnegie Mellon University
Creators: name: Scherer, David
name: Valen, Daniel
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Many academic and research institutions today maintain multiple types of institutional repositories operating on different systems and platforms to accommodate the needs and governance of the materials they house. Often, these institutions support multiple repository infrastructures, as these systems and platforms are not able to accommodate the broad range of materials that an institution creates. Announced in 2017, the Carnegie Mellon University (CMU) Libraries implemented a new repository solution and service model. Built upon the Figshare for Institutions platform, the KiltHub repository has taken on the role of a traditional institutional repository and institutional data repository, meeting the disparate needs of its researchers, faculty, and students. This paper will review how the CMU Libraries implemented the KiltHub repository and how the repository services was redeveloped to provide a more encompassing solution for traditional institutional repository materials and research datasets. Additionally, this paper will summarize how the CMU University Libraries surveyed the current repository landscape, decided to implement Figshare for Institutions as a comprehensive institutional repository, revised its previous repository service model to accommodate the influx of new material types, and what needed to be developed for campus engagement. This paper is based upon a presentation of the same title delivered at the 2018 Open Repositories Conference held at Montana State University in Bozeman, Montana.
A Pedagogic Review of the Efficient Set Mathematics Applied to Farm Operating Risk
Creators: name: Turvey, Calum G.
name: Baker, Timothy G.
name: Turvey, Calum G.
name: Baker, Timothy G.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1990
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: risk
subject: EV
subject: separation theorem
subject: efficient set mathematics

description: E􀀆fficient set mathematics is used to derive simple formulas for teaching EV efficient portfolio selection.in agriculture. The formulas allow computation of portfolios along the EV frontier without the use of quadratic programming software. An example illustrating the use of the formulas is provided. Additionally, the separation theorem is discussed and illustrated with an example.
Impact of astronomical research from different countries
Creators: name: Sanchez, S. F.
name: Benn, C. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The impact of astronomical research carried out by different countries has been compared by analysing the 1000 most-cited astronomy papers published 1991-8 (125 from each year). 61% of the citations are to papers with first authors at institutions in the USA, 11% in the UK, 5% in Germany, 4% in Canada, 3% in Italy and 3% in France. 17% are to papers with first authors in ESO countries. The number of citations is approximately proportional to the number of IAU members in a given country. The number of citations per IAU astronomer is highest in the USA, Switzerland and the UK. Within continental Europe, the number of citations per IAU astronomer varies little from country to country, but is slightly higher in the north than in the south. The sample of 1000 papers maps regional subject preferences. 62% of the extragalactic papers in the sample were published from the USA, 15% from the UK, 23% from other countries (mainly in continental Europe). 62% of the papers on stars were also published from the USA, but the fractions from the UK and from other countries are 2% and 36% respectively.
description: 6 pages, 3 fig. Accepted for publishing in AN
Design and Verification of 4 X 4 Wallace Tree Multiplier
Creators: name: Esa, Mohd
name: Konasagar Achyut
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 90699 Electrical and Electronic Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: The aim of this paper is to study 4x4 Wallace tree multiplier. In highperformance processing units & computing systems, multiplication of twobinary numbers is primitive and most frequently used arithmetic operation.Wallace tree multiplier is area efficient & high speed multiplier. This paperpresents design and verification of Wallace tree multiplier. Design is carried outin Xilinx ISE Design Suite 14.7 using Verilog HDL and verification is carriedout in Questa Sim 10.4e using System Verilog HVL environment
Motortruck Transportation of Freshly Killed Beef
Creators: name: Gerrity, Martin V.
name: Johnson, Harold D.
name: Gerrity, Martin V.
name: Johnson, Harold D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1956
Subjects: subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: Excerpt from the report Summary: This report is based on a series of studies to determine the most efficient method of protecting freshly killed beef of canner and cutter grade in transit. Twelve motortruck trailers, equipped with various types of mechanical refrigerating units, were tested to compare different methods of circulating the cold air from the refrigerating units around and through the load. Comparisons also were made of meat-hanging rails of two designs, (1) heavy wood crossbeams and (2) lightweight metal rails extending the length of the trailer body.
Improving MRI's slice selectivity in the presence of strong, metal-derived inhomogeneities
Creators: name: Farkash, Gil
name: Liberman, Gilad
name: Martinho, Ricardo P.
name: Frydman, Lucio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Purpose: To develop schemes that deliver faithful 2D slices near field heterogeneities of the kind arising from non-ferromagnetic metal implants, with reduced artifacts and shorter scan times. Methods: An excitation scheme relying on cross-term spatio-temporal encoding (xSPEN) was used as basis for developing the new inhomogeneity-insensitive, slice-selective pulse scheme. The resulting Fully refOCUSED cross-term SPatiotemporal ENcoding (FOCUSED-xSPEN) approach involved four adiabatic sweeps. The method was evaluated in silico, in vitro and in vivo using mice models, and compared against a number of existing and of novel alternatives based on both conventional and swept RF pulses, including an analogous method based on LASER's selectivity spatial selectivity. Results: Calculations and experiments confirmed that multi-sweep derivatives of xSPEN and LASER can deliver localized excitation profiles, centered at the intended positions and endowed with enhanced immunity to B0 and B1 distortions. This, however, is achieved at the expense of higher SAR than non-swept counterparts. Furthermore, single-shot FOCUSED-xSPEN and LASER profiles covered limited off-resonance ranges. This could be extended to bands covering arbitrary off-resonance values with uniform slice widths, by looping the experiments over a number of scans possessing suitable transmission and reception offsets. Conclusions: A series of novel approaches were introduced to select slices near metals, delivering robustness against Bo and B1+ field inhomogeneities.
description: 7 figures, 9 figures in the supporting information
Hydrodynamic coupling of a cilia--mucus system in Herschel--Bulkley flows
Creators: name: Mao, Q.
name: d'Ortona, Umberto
name: Favier, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The yield stress and shear thinning properties of mucus are identified as critical for ciliary coordination and mucus transport in human airways. We use here numerical simulations to explore the hydrodynamic coupling of cilia and mucus with these two properties using the Herschel--Bulkley model, in a lattice Boltzmann solver for the fluid flow. Three mucus flow regimes, i.e. a poorly organized regime, a swirly regime, and a fully unidirectional regime, are observed and analysed by parametric studies. We systematically investigate the effects of ciliary density, interaction length, Bingham number and flow index on the mucus flow regime formation. The underlying mechanism of the regime formation is analysed in detail by examining the variation of two physical quantities (polarization and integral length) and the evolution of the flow velocity, viscosity and shear-rate fields. Mucus viscosity is found to be the dominant parameter influencing the regime formation when enhancing the yield stress and shear thinning properties. The present model is able to reproduce the solid body rotation observed in experiments (Loiseau et al. , Nat. Phys. , vol. 16, 2020, pp. 1158--1164). A more precise prediction can be achieved by incorporating non-Newtonian properties into the modelling of mucus as proposed by Gsell et al. ( Sci. Rep. , vol. 10, 2020, 8405).
THE RURAL REAL ESTATE MARKET IN NORTH CAROLINA
Creators: name: Danielson, Leon E.
name: Danielson, Leon E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1981
Subjects: Land Economics/Use

description: This paper discusses the market for farmland in North Carolina and presents the results of the 1980 North Carolina Rural Real Estate Market Survey. Land value data that are currently available from the U.S. Department of Agriculture and the U.S. Department of Colmlerce are discussed and trends in real and nominal land values in North Carolina and the nation are examined. Several agricultural and nonagricultural factors that influence demand for North Carolina farmland for farm use and for conversion to nonfarm use are identified. Results of the 1980 survey provide information on (1) the nature and extent of farmland market activity in North Carolina based upon the judgment of survey respondents, and (2) average land values for actual sales of farmland both remaining in farming and being converted to nonfarm use. Considerable emphasis is given to the influence of nonfarm factors on land values and the land market.