cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Weak anti-localization in spin-orbit coupled lattice systems: effect of non-adiabatic transitions and estimation of spin relaxation length
Creators: name: Hayasaka, Hiroshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This study investigates the quantum correction effect on electrical conductivity using a two-dimensional Wolff Hamiltonian, which is an effective model of the spin-orbit coupling (SOC) lattice system. The non-adiabatic transition processes in impurity scattering suppress the weak anti-localization (WAL) effect. The WAL effect in the SOC lattice system strongly depends on the spin relaxation length when compared with the Hikami-Larkin-Nagaoka (HLN) theory. The spin relaxation length in Bi thin film is discussed.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures
Κατάρτιση μαζοπίνακα για την τραχεία πεύκη (Pinus brutia) του Πανεπιστημιακού δάσους Ταξιάρχη
Creators: name: Τσολάκη, Στέλλα Γεωργίου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2018
Subjects: Όγκος
Παλινδρόμηση
Μέθοδος σταθμισμένων ελαχίστων τετραγώνων
Volume
Regression
Weighted least squares method

description: Στην εργασία αυτή καταρτίστηκαν δύο μαζοπίνακες, ένας απλής και ένας διπλής εισόδου για το είδος της τραχείας πεύκης στο Πανεπιστημιακό δάσος Ταξιάρχη. Για το μαζοπίνακα απλής εισόδου προσαρμόστηκαν και αξιολογήθηκαν 10 εξισώσεις ενώ για τον διπλής εισόδου 7 εξισώσεις. Οι εξισώσεις αυτές επιλέχθηκαν για ανάλυση μετά από βιβλιογραφική ανασκόπηση προηγούμενων εργασιών για την τραχεία πεύκη και άλλα είδη πεύκης. Εν τέλει επιλέχθηκαν το μοντέλο απλής εισόδου V=-0.04029+0.0006739D2 και το μοντέλο διπλής εισόδου V=0,02827+0,00003629D2H. Ως κριτήριο σύγκρισης χρησιμοποιήθηκε το AIC ενώ σαν κριτήρια καλής προσαρμογής χρησιμοποιήθηκαν, ο συντελεστής προσδιορισμού, το RMSE και το SEE. Κατά την ανάλυση με τη μέθοδο των Ελαχίστων Τετραγώνων υπήρξε ένδειξη μη σταθερής διακύμανσης και έτσι για την αντιμετώπιση του προβλήματος εφαρμόστηκε η μέθοδος Σταθμισμένων Ελαχίστων Τετραγώνων και πραγματοποιήθηκαν όλοι οι απαραίτητοι έλεγχοι. Στις δύο καλύτερες εξισώσεις εφαρμόστηκε η τεχνική της διασταυρωμένης επικύρωσης με την οποία αξιολογήθηκε η προβλεπτική τους ικανότητα. Η εξίσωση διπλής εισόδου συγκρίθηκε μεταξύ άλλων και με την εξίσωση που χρησιμοποιήθηκε στην πιο πρόσφατη Διαχειριστική μελέτη του Πανεπιστημιακού δάσους Ταξιάρχη για την εκτίμηση του όγκου της τραχείας πεύκης με παρόμοια αποτελέσματα σύγκρισης.
description: In this dissertation two volume tables were constructed, one of single and one of double entry for the calabrian pine species (pinus brutia) in the University forest of Taxiarchis. For the single entry volume table, 10 equations were fitted and evaluated while for the double entry 7 equations. These equations were selected for analysis after a literature review of previous research for the calabrian pine and other similar species. In the end two models were selected for the volume tables construction, the model of single entry is V=-0.04029+0.0006739D2 and the model of double entry is V=0,02827+0,00003629D2H. AIC and RMSE have been used as comparison criterions, and SEE and R2 were used to determine goodness of fit. Using the Least Squares method, there was an indications of nom constant variation, thus in order to solve that problem Weighted Least Squares was applied along with all of the essential tests. Cross validation has been implemented for the two best equations in order two evaluate their prediction capability. The equation of double entry has been compared to the model used by the Forest service of Taxiarchis for calabrian pine’s volume estimation and both models had similar results of comparison.
Calibration of diamond detectors for dosimetry in beam-loss monitoring
Creators: name: Bassi, G.
name: Bosisio, L.
name: Cristaudo, P.
name: Dorigo, M.
name: Gabrielli, A.
name: Jin, Y.
name: La Licata, C.
name: Lanceri, L.
name: Vitale, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Artificially-grown diamond crystals have unique properties that make them suitable as solid-state particle detectors and dosimeters in high-radiation environments. We have been using sensors based on single-crystal diamond grown by chemical vapour deposition for dosimetry and beam-loss monitoring at the SuperKEKB collider. Here we describe the assembly and the suite of test and calibration procedures adopted to characterise the diamond-based detectors of this monitoring system. We report the results obtained on 28 detectors and assess the stability and uniformity of response of these devices.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures
Effect of acoustic scene complexity and visual scene representation on auditory perception in virtual audio-visual environments
Creators: name: Fichna, Stefan
name: Biberger, Thomas
name: Seeber, Bernhard U.
name: Ewert, Stephan D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In daily life, social interaction and acoustic communication often take place in complex acoustic environments (CAE) with a variety of interfering sounds and reverberation. For hearing research and the evaluation of hearing systems, simulated CAEs using virtual reality techniques have gained interest in the context of ecological validity. In the current study, the effect of scene complexity and visual representation of the scene on psychoacoustic measures like sound source location, distance perception, loudness, speech intelligibility, and listening effort in a virtual audio-visual environment was investigated. A 3-dimensional, 86-channel loudspeaker array was used to render the sound field in combination with or without a head-mounted display (HMD) to create an immersive stereoscopic visual representation of the scene. The scene consisted of a ring of eight (virtual) loudspeakers which played a target speech stimulus and nonsense speech interferers in several spatial conditions. Either an anechoic (snowy outdoor scenery) or echoic environment (loft apartment) with a reverberation time (T60) of about 1.5 s was simulated. In addition to varying the number of interferers, scene complexity was varied by assessing the psychoacoustic measures in isolated consecutive measurements orcsimultaneously. Results showed no significant effect of wearing the HMD on the data. Loudness and distance perception showed significantly different results when they were measured simultaneously instead of consecutively in isolation. The advantage of the suggested setup is that it can be directly transferred to a corresponding real room, enabling a 1:1 comparison and verification of the perception experiments in the real and virtual environment.
description: Accepted publication in Proceedings of 3DA 2021 International Conference on Immersive and 3D Audio
Additional file 1 of Global, regional, and national burden of cirrhosis and other chronic liver diseases due to alcohol use, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease study 2019
Creators: name: Zhang, Xiansheng
name: Zhang, Xin
name: Liu, Meilian
name: Zhu, Lin
name: He, Zhuokai
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Supplementary figures.
Ο κανόνας της αθροιστικής απόληψης του άρθρου 930 § 3 ΑΚ και η εκ του νόμου αυτοδίκαιη ασφαλιστική υποκατάσταση
Creators: name: Σταυρουλάκη, Δημητρία Ανδρέα
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2018
Subjects: Αθροιστική απόληψη
Αποζημίωση
Ασφαλιστική υποκατάσταση
Cumulative collection
Compensation
Insurance substitution

description: Αντικείμενο της εργασίας αποτέλεσε το ζήτημα της τύχης της αποζημίωσης από αδικοπραξία σε περίπτωση που τρίτος υποχρεούται ή προβαίνει σε παροχή στον ζημιωθέντα. Στην περίπτωση αυτή το άρθρο 930 παρ 3 ΑΚ δεν επιτρέπει στον ζημιώσαντα να επωφεληθεί από την παροχή αυτή, κατά παρέκκλιση του κανόνα συνυπολογισμού ζημίας και κέρδους. Ειδικότερα αναλύθηκαν οι προϋποθέσεις εφαρμογής του άρθρου 930 παρ 3 ΑΚ, καθώς και οι συνέπειες με ιδιαίτερη έμφαση στο ζήτημα εάν ο ζημιωθείς δικαιούται να εισπράξει και να διατηρήσει τόσο την παροχή του τρίτου όσο και την αποζημίωση. Τέλος, παρουσιάστηκαν οι εξαιρέσεις από τον κανόνα της αθροιστικής απόληψης, κυρίως οι περιπτώσεις υποκατάστασης των οργανισμών κοινωνικής ασφάλισης, των ασφαλιστικών εταιριών και η ειδική περίπτωση του Επικουρικού Κεφαλαίου.
description: The aim of the present thesis was the study of cases concerning the liability of delict when a third party benefits or is obliged to benefit the claimant. In such cases, the article 930 par 3 of the Civil Code prohibits the person liable to benefit, derogating from the rule of including benefits to damages. Specifically, the conditions of application of article 930 par 3 of the Civil Code were analyzed, as well as the consequences, emphasizing on the question whether the claimant is entitled to accumulate both the compensation and the benefit from the third party. Lastly, the derogations from the accumulative collection were presented, especially the cases of substitution by Social Security Funds, insurance companies and the special case of the Insurance Guarantee Fund.
On Two Signature Variants Of Buchberger's Algorithm Over Principal Ideal Domains
Creators: name: Francis, Maria
name: Verron, Thibaut
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Symbolic Computation (cs.SC)
subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Signature-based algorithms have brought large improvements in the performances of Gröbner bases algorithms for polynomial systems over fields. Furthermore, they yield additional data which can be used, for example, to compute the module of syzygies of an ideal or to compute coefficients in terms of the input generators. In this paper, we examine two variants of Buchberger's algorithm to compute Gröbner bases over principal ideal domains, with the addition of signatures. The first one is adapted from Kandri-Rody and Kapur's algorithm, whereas the second one uses the ideas developed in the algorithms by L. Pan (1989) and D. Lichtblau (2012). The differences in constructions between the algorithms entail differences in the operations which are compatible with the signatures, and in the criteria which can be used to discard elements. We prove that both algorithms are correct and discuss their relative performances in a prototype implementation in Magma.
description: 9 pages, 0 figures, accepted at ISSAC'21
Probing leptoquark production at IceCube
Creators: name: Anchordoqui, Luis A.
name: Canal, Carlos A. Garcia
name: Goldberg, Haim
name: Dumm, Daniel Gomez
name: Halzen, Francis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We emphasize the inelasticity distribution of events detected at the IceCube neutrino telescope as an important tool for revealing new physics. This is possible because the unique energy resolution at this facility allows to separately assign the energy fractions for emergent muons and taus in neutrino interactions. As a particular example, we explore the possibility of probing second and third generation leptoquark parameter space (coupling and mass). We show that production of leptoquarks with masses \agt 250 GeV and diagonal generation couplings of O(1) can be directly tested if the cosmic neutrino flux is at the Waxman-Bahcall level.
description: Matching version to be published in Phys. Rev. D
Additional file 2 of Global, regional, and national burden of cirrhosis and other chronic liver diseases due to alcohol use, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease study 2019
Creators: name: Zhang, Xiansheng
name: Zhang, Xin
name: Liu, Meilian
name: Zhu, Lin
name: He, Zhuokai
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2. Supplementary tables.
Dynamics of Nonlocal Cosmology
Creators: name: Koivisto, Tomi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nonlocal quantum corrections to gravity have been recently proposed as a possible solution to the cosmological fine tuning problems. We study the dynamics of a class of nonlocal actions defined by a function of the inverse d'Alembertian of the Ricci scalar. Power-law and expnential functions are considered in detail, but we also show a method to reconstruct a nonlocal correction that generates a given background expansion. We find that even the simplest terms can, while involving only Planck scale constants, drive the late time acceleration without changing early cosmology. This leads to a sudden future singularity, which however may be avoided by regularizing the d'Alembertian. We also consider the Einstein frame versions of these models.
description: 14 pages, 3 figures. V2: minor corrections
A possible tidal disruption event candidate in the black hole binary system of OJ 287
Creators: name: Huang, Shifeng
name: Hu, Shaoming
name: Yin, Hongxing
name: Chen, Xu
name: Alexeeva, Sofya
name: Gao, Dongyang
name: Jiang, Yunguo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The BL Lacertae OJ 287 is a supermassive black holes binary (SMBHB) system with complex physics of its irregular flares. During 2016 October -- 2017 April period, a surprising outburst in the X-ray, UV and optical bands was detected, while no variability was seen in the $γ$-ray light curve. During the outburst, the X-ray light curves were dominated by the soft X-rays, whose peak in the luminosity was $\sim$ $10^{46}\text{erg}~\text{s}^{-1}$ -- more than 10 times higher than the mean level before the outburst -- and a "softer-when-brighter" phenomenon was exhibited. These above phenomena have been reported by some previous works. The hardness ratio showed negligible evolution with flare time and soft X-ray luminosity. Critically, the luminosity of the soft X-rays decayed following a power law of $t^{-5/3}$ which occurs in most tidal disruption events (TDEs), and similar trend can be seen in UV and optical bands during the soft X-ray declining period. Helium and oxygen narrow emission lines are strengthened prominently in the optical spectra of postoutburst epochs, that could be attributed to the surrounding gas appeared due to TDE. We discuss three possible origins of the event, including the jet's precession, the aftereffect of the black hole-disk impaction and the TDE. Our results show that the TDE is the more likely scenario to explain the outburst.
description: 17 pages, 11 figures, 3 tables
Effects of Gallium-Desferrioxamine Compounds on Bacteria
Creators: name: Ahmed, Mohammad
name: Brode, Emily
name: Brown, Thomas
name: Eltoweissy, Somayah
name: Gross, Stephanie
name: Markowitz, Seth
name: McCutchen, Michael
name: Portney, Reed
name: Reinhart, Jacob
name: Salgado, Cristian
name: Walsh, Melissa
name: Wassel, Sean
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 2015
Subjects: Nosocomial Infections
Bacteria
Gallium Desferrioxamine (GaDFO)
Gemstone Team SILVER

description: Over 70% of nosocomial infections in the United States are resistant to one or
more traditional antibiotics, necessitating research for alternative treatment options. This
study aims to chelate gallium (Ga) onto a bacterial siderophore, desferrioxamine (DFO),
to retard bacterial growth. By exploiting natural bacterial pathways, metal-siderophore
treatments are hypothesized to circumvent traditional resistance mechanisms.
Additionally, the GaDFO complex will be tested against several bacterial species to
determine the specificity of DFO uptake. This research aims to prove the feasibility of
siderophore piracy as an alternative to antibiotics. In showing the feasibility of
siderophore piracy mechanisms, this research will enable the development of future
avenues for protecting against resistant nosocomial infections.
Comparative study of different analgesia protocols for prostate biopsy
Creators: name: Ουζουνίδης, Ξενοφών Χρήστου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2018
Subjects: Βιοψία προστάτη
Διορθικό υπερηχογράφημα
Κλίμακα πόνου
Αναισθησία
Αγγειονευρώδες δεμάτιο του προστάτη
Τραμαδόλη
Παρεκοξίμπη
Prostate biopsy
Transrectal ultrasound
Pain score
Anesthesia
Periprostatic nerve block
Tramadol
Parecoxib

description: The aim of the present study was the evaluation of efficacy and safety of tramadol alone or in combination with parecoxib, as adjunct regimens to periprostatic nerve block anesthesia for the management of pain during transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy. The Intramuscular injection of tramadol as adjunct regimen to periprostatic nerve block anesthesia was found to be a simple and safe technique that provides significant analgesic effect during transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy, especially at the time of ultrasound probe insertion into rectum and at lidocaine infiltration at periprostatic nerve block site. The effect size was found to be even higher during ultrasound probe insertion into rectum and during the infiltration of lidocaine at periprostatic nerve block site when tramadol was combined with intramuscular injection of parecoxib one hour before the beginning of transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy procedure.
description: Ο σκοπός της παρούσας έρευνας είναι η διερεύνηση της αποτελεσματικότητας και της ασφάλειας της τραμαδόλης και του συνδυασμού της τραμαδόλης με την παρεκοξίμπη, ως επιπλέον αναλγητικά σχήματα στην τοπική αναισθησία του αγγειονευρώδους δεματίου του προστάτη κατά τη διάρκεια της καθοδηγούμενης από υπέρηχο διορθικής βιοψίας του προστάτη.. Η έρευνα απέδειξε ότι η ενδομυϊκή χορήγηση τραμαδόλης ως επιπλέον αναλγητικό σχήμα στην τοπική αναισθησία του προστάτη είναι μια απλή και ασφαλής μέθοδος η οποία παρέχει σημαντική αναλγητική δράση κατά τη διάρκεια της βιοψίας του προστάτη και κυρίως, κατά τη διείσδυση του υπερήχου στο ορθό και κατά τη διήθηση της τοπικής αναισθησίας στο αγγειονευρώδες δεμάτιο. Η μείωση του πόνου των ασθενών κατά την διάρκεια της διείσδυσης του υπερήχου στο ορθό και κατά τη διήθηση της τοπικής αναισθησίας στο αγγειονευρώδες δεμάτιο αποδείχθηκε ακόμη μεγαλύτερη όταν η ενδομυϊκή χορήγηση της τραμαδόλης συνδυάστηκε με την παρεκοξίμπη ως επιπλέον αναλγητικό σχήμα στην τοπική αναισθησία του προστάτη μια ώρα πριν την έναρξη της καθοδηγούμενης από υπέρηχο διορθικής βιοψίας του προστάτη.
Tainted Evidence: Cosmological Model Selection vs. Fitting
Creators: name: Linder, Eric V.
name: Miquel, Ramon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Interpretation of cosmological data to determine the number and values of parameters describing the universe must not rely solely on statistics but involve physical insight. When statistical techniques such as "model selection" or "integrated survey optimization" blindly apply Occam's Razor, this can lead to painful results. We emphasize that the sensitivity to prior probabilities and to the number of models compared can lead to "prior selection" rather than robust model selection. A concrete example demonstrates that Information Criteria can in fact misinform over a large region of parameter space.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure; v2 minor rephrasings, clarifications; v3 minor changes to match published article under title "Cosmological Model Selection: Statistics and Physics"
Short-range correlation energy of the relativistic homogeneous electron gas
Creators: name: Paquier, Julien
name: Toulouse, Julien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct the complementary short-range correlation relativistic local-density-approximation functional to be used in relativistic range-separated density-functional theory based on a Dirac-Coulomb Hamiltonian in the no-pair approximation. For this, we perform relativistic random-phase-approximation calculations of the correlation energy of the relativistic homogeneous electron gas with a modified electron-electron interaction, we study the high-density behavior, and fit the results to a parametrized expression. The obtained functional should eventually be useful for electronic-structure calculations of strongly correlated systems containing heavy elements.
The modern description of semileptonic meson form factors
Creators: name: Hill, Richard J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I describe recent advances in our understanding of the hadronic form factors governing semileptonic meson transitions. The resulting framework provides a systematic approach to the experimental data, as a means of extracting precision observables, testing nonperturbative field-theory methods, and probing a poorly understood limit of QCD.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures. Invited talk presented at Flavor Physics and CP Violation Conference, Vancouver, 2006; figure 9 updated with new experimental data, references added
A Unified Approach to Fair Online Learning via Blackwell Approachability
Creators: name: Chzhen, Evgenii
name: Giraud, Christophe
name: Stoltz, Gilles
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We provide a setting and a general approach to fair online learning with stochastic sensitive and non-sensitive contexts. The setting is a repeated game between the Player and Nature, where at each stage both pick actions based on the contexts. Inspired by the notion of unawareness, we assume that the Player can only access the non-sensitive context before making a decision, while we discuss both cases of Nature accessing the sensitive contexts and Nature unaware of the sensitive contexts. Adapting Blackwell's approachability theory to handle the case of an unknown contexts' distribution, we provide a general necessary and sufficient condition for learning objectives to be compatible with some fairness constraints. This condition is instantiated on (group-wise) no-regret and (group-wise) calibration objectives, and on demographic parity as an additional constraint. When the objective is not compatible with the constraint, the provided framework permits to characterise the optimal trade-off between the two.
On the detectability of the CMSSM light Higgs boson at the Tevatron
Creators: name: Roszkowski, Leszek
name: de Austri, Roberto Ruiz
name: Trotta, Roberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the prospects of detecting the light Higgs h^0 of the Constrained MSSM at the Tevatron. To this end we explore the CMSSM parameter space with μ>0, using a Markov Chain Monte Carlo technique, and apply all relevant collider and cosmological constraints including their uncertainties, as well as those of the Standard Model parameters. Taking 50 GeV < m_{1/2}, m_0 < 4 TeV, |A_0| < 7 TeV and 2 < tan(beta) < 62 as flat priors and using the formalism of Bayesian statistics we find that the 68% posterior probability region for the h^0 mass lies between 115.4 GeV and 120.4 GeV. Otherwise, h^0 is very similar to the Standard Model Higgs boson. Nevertheless, we point out some enhancements in its couplings to bottom and tau pairs, ranging from a few per cent in most of the CMSSM parameter space, up to several per cent in the favored region of tan(beta)\sim 50 and the pseudoscalar Higgs mass of m_A\lsim 1 TeV. We also find that the other Higgs bosons are typically heavier, although not necessarily much heavier. For values of the h^0 mass within the 95% probability range as determined by our analysis, a 95% CL exclusion limit can be set with about 2/fb of integrated luminosity per experiment, or else with 4/fb (12/fb) a 3 sigma evidence (5 sigma discovery) will be guaranteed. We also emphasize that the alternative statistical measure of the mean quality-of-fit favors a somewhat lower Higgs mass range; this implies even more optimistic prospects for the CMSSM light Higgs search than the more conservative Bayesian approach. In conclusion, for the above CMSSM parameter ranges, especially m_0, either some evidence will be found at the Tevatron for the light Higgs boson or, at a high confidence level, the CMSSM will be ruled out.
description: JHEP version
Residual bulk viscosity of a disordered 2D electron gas
Creators: name: Zakharov, V. A.
name: Burmistrov, I. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nonzero bulk viscosity signals breaking of the scale invariance. We demonstrate that a disorder in two-dimensional noninteracting electron gas in a perpendicular magnetic field results in the nonzero disorder-averaged bulk viscosity. We derive analytic expression for the bulk viscosity within the self-consistent Born approximation. This residual bulk viscosity provides the lower bound for the bulk viscosity of 2D interacting electrons at low enough temperatures.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures
The detectability of baryonic acoustic oscillations in future galaxy surveys
Creators: name: Angulo, R.
name: Baugh, C. M.
name: Frenk, C. S.
name: Lacey, C. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We assess the detectability of baryonic acoustic oscillations (BAO) in the power spectrum of galaxies using ultra large volume N-body simulations of the hierarchical clustering of dark matter and semi-analytical modelling of galaxy formation. A step-by-step illustration is given of the various effects (nonlinear fluctuation growth, peculiar motions, nonlinear and scale dependent bias) which systematically change the form of the galaxy power spectrum on large scales from the simple prediction of linear perturbation theory. Using a new method to extract the scale of the oscillations, we nevertheless find that the BAO approach gives an unbiased estimate of the sound horizon scale. Sampling variance remains the dominant source of error despite the huge volume of our simulation box ($=2.41 h^{-3}{\rm Gpc}^{3}$). We use our results to forecast the accuracy with which forthcoming surveys will be able to measure the sound horizon scale, $s$, and, hence constrain the dark energy equation of state parameter, $w$ (with simplifying assumptions and without marginalizing over the other cosmological parameters). Pan-STARRS could potentially yield a measurement with an accuracy of $Δs/s = 0.5-0.7 % $ (corresponding to $Δw \approx 2-3% $), which is competitive with the proposed WFMOS survey ($Δs/s = 1% $ $Δw \approx 4 % $). Achieving $Δw \le 1% $ using BAO alone is beyond any currently commissioned project and will require an all-sky spectroscopic survey, such as would be undertaken by the SPACE mission concept under proposal to ESA.
description: MNRAS in press, revised after referee's report
CAP-GAN: Towards Adversarial Robustness with Cycle-consistent Attentional Purification
Creators: name: Kang, Mingu
name: Tran, Trung Quang
name: Cho, Seungju
name: Kim, Daeyoung
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Adversarial attack is aimed at fooling the target classifier with imperceptible perturbation. Adversarial examples, which are carefully crafted with a malicious purpose, can lead to erroneous predictions, resulting in catastrophic accidents. To mitigate the effects of adversarial attacks, we propose a novel purification model called CAP-GAN. CAP-GAN takes account of the idea of pixel-level and feature-level consistency to achieve reasonable purification under cycle-consistent learning. Specifically, we utilize the guided attention module and knowledge distillation to convey meaningful information to the purification model. Once a model is fully trained, inputs would be projected into the purification model and transformed into clean-like images. We vary the capacity of the adversary to argue the robustness against various types of attack strategies. On the CIFAR-10 dataset, CAP-GAN outperforms other pre-processing based defenses under both black-box and white-box settings.
On the Multi-Component Nonlinear Schrödinger Equation with Constant Boundary Conditions
Creators: name: Atanasov, Victor
name: Gerdjikov, Vladimir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The multi-component nonlinear Schrodinger equation related to C.I=Sp(2p)/U(p) and D.III=SO(2p)/U(p)-type symmetric spaces with non-vanishing boundary conditions is solvable with the inverse scattering method (ISM). As Lax operator L we use the generalized Zakharov-Shabat operator. We show that the ISM for L is a nonlinear analog of the Fourier-transform method. As appropriate generalizations of the usual Fourier-exponential functions we use the so-called squared solutions, which are constructed in terms of the fundamental analytic solutions (FAS) of L and the Cartan-Weyl basis of the Lie algebra, relevant to the symmetric space. We derive the completeness relation for the squared solutions which turns out to provide spectral decomposition of the recursion (generating) operators, a natural generalizations of id/dx in the case of nonlinear evolution equations.
Statistical Properties of Superflares on Solar-type Stars: Results Using All of the Kepler Primary Mission Data
Creators: name: Okamoto, Soshi
name: Notsu, Yuta
name: Maehara, Hiroyuki
name: Namekata, Kosuke
name: Ikuta, Kai
name: Nogami, Daisaku
name: Shibata, Kazunari
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Cool stars on the main sequence
Stellar flares
G-dwarf stars

description: Solar flares are energetic explosions in the solar atmosphere, and superflares are the flares having the energy 10 - 106 times larger than that of the largest solar flare. Recently, many superflares on solar-type (G-type main-sequence; effective temperature is 5100 – 6000 K) stars were found in the initial 500 days data obtained by the Kepler spacecraft (Maehara et al. 2012; Shibayama et al. 2013). Notsu et al. (2019) conducted precise measurements and binarity check on the basis of spectroscopic observations and the Gaia-DR2 data. As a result, the number of Sun-like (effective temperature is 5600 – 6000 K and rotation period is over 20 days) superflare stars significantly decreased. We report the latest statistical analyses of superflares on solar-type stars using all of the Kepler primary mission data and Gaia-DR2 catalog. We updated the flare detection method by using highpass filter to remove rotational variations caused by starspots. We also examined the sample biases on the frequency of superflares, taking into account gyrochronology and flare detection completeness. The sample size of solar-type stars and Sun-like stars are ~4 and ~12 times, respectively, compared with Notsu et al. (2019). As a result, we found 2341 superflares on 265 solar-type stars, and 26 superflares on 15 Sun-like stars. This enabled us to have a more well-established view on the statistical properties of superflares. The observed upper limit of the flare energy decreases as the rotation period increases in solar-type stars. The frequency of superflares decreases as the stellar rotation period increases. The maximum energy we found on Sun-like stars is 4×1034 erg. Our analysis of Sun-like stars suggest that the Sun can cause superflares with energies of 7×1033 erg (~X700-class flares) and ~1×1034 erg (~X1000-class flares) once every ~3,000 years and ~6,000 years, respectively (Okamoto et al. 2021).
description: {"references": ["Notsu, Y., Maehara, H., Honda, S., et al.\\ 2019, \\apj, 876, 58. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ab14e6", "Shibayama, T., Maehara, H., Notsu, S., et al.\\ 2013, \\apjs, 209, 5. doi:10.1088/0067-0049/209/1/5", "Maehara, H., Shibayama, T., Notsu, S., et al.\\ 2012, \\nat, 485, 478. doi:10.1038/nature11063"]}
Building intuition for binding free energy calculations: bound state definition, restraints, and symmetry
Creators: name: Duboué-Dijon, Elise
name: Hénin, Jérôme
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The theory behind computation of absolute binding free energies using explicit-solvent molecular simulations is well-established, yet somewhat complex, with counter-intuitive aspects. This leads to frequent frustration, common misconceptions, and sometimes, erroneous numerical treatment. To improve this, we present the main practically relevant segments of the theory with constant reference to physical intuition. We pinpoint the role of the implicit or explicit definition of the bound state (or the binding site), to make a robust link between an experimental measurement and a computational result. We clarify the role of symmetry, and discuss cases where symmetry number corrections have been misinterpreted. In particular, we argue that symmetry corrections as classically presented are a source of confusion, and could be advantageously replaced by restraint free energy contributions. We establish that contrary to a common intuition, partial or missing sampling of some modes of symmetric bound states does not affect the calculated decoupling free energies. Finally, we review these questions and pitfalls in the context of a few common practical situations: binding to a symmetric receptor (equivalent binding sites), binding of a symmetric ligand (equivalent poses), and formation of a symmetric complex, in the case of homodimerization.
Negative-temperature Fourier transport in one-dimensional systems
Creators: name: Baldovin, Marco
name: Iubini, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate nonequilibrium steady states in a class of one-dimensional diffusive systems that can attain negative absolute temperatures. The cases of a paramagnetic spin system, a Hamiltonian rotator chain and a one-dimensional discrete linear Schrödinger equation are considered. Suitable models of reservoirs are implemented to impose given, possibly negative, temperatures at the chain ends. We show that a phenomenological description in terms of a Fourier law can consistently describe unusual transport regimes where the temperature profiles are entirely or partially in the negative-temperature region. Negative-temperature Fourier transport is observed both for deterministic and stochastic dynamics and it can be generalized to coupled transport when two or more thermodynamic currents flow through the system.
description: 15 pages, 9 figures
The IRIDA genomic epidemiology ontology: standards to improve infectious disease outbreak detection and investigation
Creators: name: Courtot, Melanie
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2015

description: Infectious disease outbreak investigations using microbial genomic data are currently hampered by delays incurred when manually integrating essential laboratory and epidemiological data from heterogeneous sources. The Integrated Rapid Infectious Disease Analysis (IRIDA) project, comprised of partners from national and provincial public health organizations and academic labs, is building a bioinformatics platform with a suite of tools needed to support time-sensitive infectious disease outbreak investigations. An ontology-based approach, combined with semantic web technology, will enable robust data integration and more efficient analysis within IRIDA.
We present the development of a new microbial genomic epidemiology ontology and associated standards, based on
(1) comprehensive review of existing relevant metadata standards to identify and cover missing elements,
(2) assessment of how these standards should support IRIDA workflows, and
(3) competency questions our project must address to support epidemiology studies.
By adhering to the best practices of the Open Biomedical and Biological Ontology (OBO) Consortium, our model allows consolidation of various existing ontological efforts into a resource directly compatible with IRIDA. Our modular development approach also ensures that it will be extendable, supporting more comprehensive coverage in the future, e.g., in the domain of food categories.
This research is a key component of the IRIDA platform to allow data integration and processing in a more automated fashion, alleviating the burden of manual analyses. Standardized reporting should also facilitate automated epidemiology and more efficient outbreak detection and mitigation, triggering action for example after auto-detecting deviations above expected biosurveillance baselines.
The Stellar Masses and Star Formation Histories of Galaxies at z ~ 6: Constraints from Spitzer Observations in the Great Observatories Origins Deep Survey
Creators: name: Yan, Haojing
name: Dickinson, Mark
name: Giavalisco, Mauro
name: Stern, Daniel
name: Eisenhardt, Peter R. M.
name: Ferguson, Henry C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the deep Spitzer IRAC observations of the Great Observatories Origins Deep Survey (GOODS), we study the stellar masses and star formation histories of galaxies at z ~ 6. Our study is based on the i-band dropout sample selected from the GOODS southern and northern fields (~ 330 arcmin^2 in total), several of which already have spectroscopic confirmations. In total, we derive stellar masses for 53 i-band dropouts that have robust IRAC detections. These galaxies have typical stellar masses of ~ 1e10 M_sun and typical ages of a couple of hundred million years, consistent with earlier results based on a smaller sample of z ~ 6 galaxies in the HUDF. We also study 79 i-band dropouts that are invisible in the IRAC data and find that they are typically less massive by a factor of ten. Based on our mass estimates, we derive a lower limit to the global stellar mass density at z ~ 6. Considering the range of systematic uncertainties in the derived stellar masses, this lower limit is 1.1--6.7e6 M_sun/Mpc^3 (co-moving), which is 0.2--1.1% of the present-day value. The prospect of detecting the progenitors of the most massive galaxies at yet higher redshifts is explored: a deep, wide-field near-IR survey using our current technology could possibly result in positive detections at z > 7. We also investigate the implication of our results for reionzation, and find that the progenitors of the galaxies comparable to those in our sample, even in the most optimized (probably unrealistic) scenario, cannot sustain the reionization for a period longer than ~ 2 million years. Thus most of the photons required for reionization must have been provided by other sources, such as the progenitors of the dwarf galaxies that are far below our current detection capability. (Abridged)
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ. A correction regarding comparions to LCDM models has been made; models now agree with observations better. All other conclusions unaffected
In depth view of the debris disk around TWA7
Creators: name: Bayo, Amelia
name: Olofsson, Johan
name: Matrà, Luca
name: Beamín, Juan Carlos
name: Gallardo, José
name: Gregorio-Monsalvo, Itziar De
name: Booth, Mark
name: Zamora, Catalina
name: Iglesias, Daniela
name: Henning, Thomas
name: Schreiber, Matthias R
name: Cáceres, Claudio
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: Debris disks can be seen as the left-overs of giant planet formation and the possible nurseries of rocky planets. While M-type stars out-number more massive stars we know very little about the time evolution of their circumstellar disks at ages older than ∼ 10 Myr. Sub-millimeter observations are best to provide first order estimates of the available mass reservoir and thus better constrain the evolution of such disks. Here, we present ALMA Cycle 3 Band 7 observations of the debris disk around the M2 star TWA7, which had been postulated to harbor two spatially separated dust belts, based on unresolved far-infrared and sub-millimeter data. We show that most of the emission at wavelengths longer than ∼ 300 μm is in fact arising from a contaminant source, most likely a sub-mm galaxy, located at about 6.6ʹʹ East of TWA 7 (in 2016). Fortunately, the high resolution of our ALMA data allows us to disentangle the contaminant emission from that of the disc and report a significant detection of the disk in the sub-millimeter for the first time with a flux density of 2.1±0.4 mJy at 870 μm. With this detection, we show that the SED can be reproduced with a single dust belt.
The First Data Release of LAMOST Low Resolution Single Epoch Spectra
Creators: name: Bai, Zhong-Rui
name: Zhang, Hao-Tong
name: Yuan, Hai-Long
name: Fan, Dong-Wei
name: He, Bo-Liang
name: Lei, Ya-Juan
name: Dong, Yi-Qiao
name: Yu, Si-Cheng
name: Zhao, Yong-Heng
name: Zhang, Yong
name: Hou, Yong-Hui
name: Chu, Yao-Quan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: LAMOST Data Release 5, covering $\sim$17,000 $deg^2$ from $-10^{\circ}$ to $80^{\circ}$ in declination, contains 9 millions co-added low resolution spectra of celestial objects, each spectrum combined from repeat exposure of two to tens of times during Oct 2011 to Jun 2017. In this paper, We present the spectra of individual exposures for all the objects in LAMOST Data Release 5. For each spectrum, equivalent width of 60 lines from 11 different elements are calculated with a new method combining the actual line core and fitted line wings. For stars earlier than F type, the Balmer lines are fitted with both emission and absorption profiles once two components are detected. Radial velocity of each individual exposure is measured by minimizing $χ^2$ between the spectrum and its best template. Database for equivalent widths of spectral lines and radial velocities of individual spectra are available online. Radial velocity uncertainties with different stellar type and signal-to-noise ratio are quantified by comparing different exposure of the same objects. We notice that the radial velocity uncertainty depends on the time lag between observations. For stars observed in the same day and with signal-to-noise ratio higher than 20, the radial velocity uncertainty is below 5km/s, and increase to 10km/s for stars observed in different nights.
description: 21 pages, 15 figures
Non-linear interactions in a cosmological background in the DGP braneworld
Creators: name: Koyama, Kazuya
name: Silva, Fabio P
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study quasi-static perturbations in a cosmological background in the Dvali-Gabadadze-Porrati (DGP) braneworld model. We identify the Vainshtein radius at which the non-linear interactions of the brane bending mode become important in a cosmological background. The Vainshtein radius in the early universe is much smaller than the one in the Minkowski background, but in a self-accelerating universe it is the same as the Minkowski background. Our result shows that the perturbative approach is applicable beyond the Vainshtein radius for weak gravity by taking into account the second order effects of the brane bending mode. The linearised cosmological perturbations are shown to be smoothly matched to the solutions inside the Vainshtein radius. We emphasize the importance of imposing a regularity condition in the bulk by solving the 5D perturbations and we highlight the problem of ad hoc assumptions on the bulk gravity that lead to different conclusions.
description: 11 pages
A comparison of the filling factor in hydrodynamic simulations of pre-main-sequence stars
Creators: name: Dethero, Mary Geer
name: Pratt, Jane
name: Baraffe, Isabelle
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Young stars
filling factor
convection

description: To interpret high-quality data produced from recent space missions such as Kepler and TESS, it is necessary to develop theoretical and computational modeling of convection under realistic stellar conditions. A major open question surrounding convection in stars is the amount of convective overshooting that takes place and how this affects stellar evolution. Overshooting depth has been theoretically linked to the filling factor, the fraction of horizontal area occupied by overshooting plumes at the edge of the unstable zone. Using the stratification in density, temperature, and luminosity from the stellar evolution code MESA (Paxton et al. 2010), we produce global multi-dimensional hydrodynamic simulations of a series of realistic pre-main-sequence stars with the MUltidimensional Stellar Implicit Code (MUSIC). Following the theoretical work of Zahn (1991), we directly calculate the filling factor from our simulations. We relate the filling factor to the stellar mass, gravitational acceleration, convective velocity, and overshooting depth of these stars.
Magnetic order in van der Waals antiferromagnet CrPS4: anisotropic H-T phase diagrams and effects of pressure
Creators: name: Bud'ko, Sergey L.
name: Gati, Elena
name: Slade, Tyler J.
name: Canfield, Paul C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Single crystalline samples of the van der Waals antiferromagnet CrPS4 were studied by measurements of specific heat and comprehensive anisotropic temperature- and magnetic field-dependent magnetization. In addition, measurements of the heat capacity and magnetization were performed under pressures of up to ~21 kbar and ~14 kbar respectively. At ambient pressure, two magnetic transitions are observed, second order from a paramagnetic to an antiferromagnetic state at TN ~ 37 K, and a first-order spin reorientation transition at T* ~ 34 K. Anisotropic H - T phase diagrams were constructed using the M(T,H) data. As pressure is increased, TN is weakly suppressed with dTN/dP ~ -0.1 K/kbar. T*, on the other hand, is suppressed quite rapidly, with dT*/dP ~ -2 K/kbar, extrapolating to a possible quantum phase transition at Pc ~ 15 kbar.
description: accepted version