cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Simulations of star formation in a gaseous disc around sgr A* - a failed AGN
Creators: name: Nayakshin, Sergei
name: Cuadra, Jorge
name: Springel, Volker
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We numerically model fragmentation of a gravitationally unstable gaseous disc under conditions that may be appropriate for the formation of the young massive stars observed in the central parsec of our Galaxy. In this study, we adopt a simple prescription with a locally constant cooling time. We find that, for cooling times just short enough to induce disc fragmentation, stars form with a top-heavy Initial Mass Function (IMF), as observed in the Galactic Centre (GC). For shorter cooling times, the disc fragments much more vigorously, leading to lower average stellar masses. Thermal feedback associated with gas accretion onto protostars slows down disc fragmentation, as predicted by some analytical models. We also simulate the fragmentation of a gas stream on an eccentric orbit in a combined Sgr A* plus stellar cusp gravitational potential. The stream precesses, self-collides and forms stars with a top-heavy IMF. None of our models produces large enough co-moving groups of stars that could account for the observed ``mini star cluster'' IRS13E in the GC. In all of the gravitationally unstable disc models that we explored, star formation takes place too fast to allow any gas accretion onto the central super-massive black hole. While this can help to explain the quiescence of `failed AGN' such as Sgr A*, it poses a challenge for understanding the high gas accretion rates infered for many quasars.
description: submitted to MNRAS. Version with high resolution figures can be downloaded at http://www.mpa-garching.mpg.de/~serg/paper.pdf Two (large) movies of the simulation E8, one showing gas only, the other gas + stars in a patch of the disc are: http://www.mpa-garching.mpg.de/~serg/movie.large-gasonly.gif and http://www.mpa-garching.mpg.de/~serg/movie.small-patch.gif
Sweltsa tamalpa
Creators: name: Stark, Bill P.
name: Baumann, Richard W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Plecoptera
Chloroperlidae
Sweltsa
Sweltsa tamalpa

description: The Sweltsa tamalpa group Members of this group have a relatively short, slender, hairy epiproct with bare tip and a median, bare knob on male tergum 9; the epiproct apex is expanded near midlength, usually giving the structure a foot shaped appearance in lateral aspect. Female subgenital plates are more or less triangular, have a basal transverse groove, and are relatively strongly sclerotized. Eggs are oval with coarsely pitted chorions and no collar. Adults are smaller than most Sweltsa and have pale yellow-brown coloration patterned with dusky brown. The known distribution for the group is centered on the northern California Coast Range with one record of S. tamalpa from as far south as the Pinnacles National Monument in San Benito Co.
description: Published as part of Stark, Bill P. & Baumann, Richard W., 2007, Sweltsa Yurok (Plecoptera: Chloroperlidae), A New Stonefly From California, U. S. A., pp. 95-101 in Illiesia 3 (10) on page 95, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4758605
Precision measurement with an optical Josephson junction
Creators: name: Ng, H. T.
name: Burnett, K.
name: Dunningham, J. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a new type of Josephson device, the so-called "optical Josephson junction" as proposed in Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 95}, 170402 (2005). Two condensates are optically coupled through a waveguide by a pair of Bragg beams. This optical Josephson junction is analogous to the usual Josephson junction of two condensates weakly coupled via tunneling. We discuss the use of this optical Josephson junction, for making precision measurements.
description: 6 pages, 1 figure
Το Πρόβλημα της Βέλτιστης Δρομολόγησης Οχημάτων
Creators: name: Μουλαρά, Αγγελική Ευάγγελου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2015
Subjects: Πρόβλημα Δρομολόγησης Οχημάτων
Βέλτιστες Διαδρομές
Εφοδιαστική Αλυσίδα
Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP)
Routes
Logistics

description: Η δρομολόγηση ως διαδικασία σχετίζεται με οποιοδήποτε δίκτυο. Τα τελευταία χρόνια τα προβλήματα της δρομολόγησης αποτελούν από τα πιο ενδιαφέροντα προβλήματα, που επιδιώκουν τη βελτιστοποίηση της ροής. Το εν λόγω προβλήματα συναντώνται σε ένα μεγάλο αριθμό τεχνολογικών εφαρμογών, από τα δίκτυα υπολογιστών έως τα οδικά δίκτυα, στα οποία η εξαγωγή βέλτιστων διαδρομών είναι αναγκαία. Στην παρούσα διπλωματική εργασία γίνεται μια προσπάθεια μελέτης και ανάλυσης του προβλήματος της βέλτιστης δρομολόγησης οχημάτων, το οποίο αποτελεί μια αξιόλογη διάσταση της σύγχρονης οικονομίας και ίσως ένα από τα πιο περίπλοκα και δύσκολα προβλήματα, όχι μόνο των θεωρητικών επιστημών, αλλά και του πραγματικού κόσμου. Είναι ευρέως γνωστή η σημασία της διανομής και της συλλογής, όχι μόνο για μια εταιρεία, αλλά και για τον κλάδο των logistics στο σύνολό του, στην τρέχουσα οικονομική πραγματικότητα. Ειδικότερα οι μεταφορές αλλά και το κόστος που αυτές συνεπάγονται είναι από τα πιο σημαντικά στοιχεία που λαμβάνονται υπόψη και τα οποία αξίζει να μελετηθούν προσεκτικά, ώστε να βρεθούν τα κατάλληλα μέσα μεταφοράς. Στη βιομηχανία μεταφορών, σημαντικό ρόλο διαδραματίζουν οι εταιρείες οδικών μεταφορών, οι οποίες μέσα από την ανάπτυξη του δικού τους λογισμικού, επιδιώκουν να επιτύχουν ή τη μεγιστοποίηση του κέρδους τους, ή την ελαχιστοποίηση του κόστους τους, λαμβάνοντας υπόψη τη βελτιστοποίηση της δρομολόγησης του στόλου τους.
description: Routing as a process is related to any network. In recent years, routing problems are the most interesting ones, especially because their solution aims in optimizing the flow. Such problems are encountered in several technological applications, from computer to road networks, in which the best export route is necessary. The aim of this dissertation is to study and analyze the vehicle routing problem, which is very remarkable in modern economy and perhaps one of the most complex and difficult problems, not only in theoretical science, but also in the real world. Today the processes of distribution and collection are very important, not only for a company, but also for the logistics industry as a whole. In particular, transportation and its overall cost are among the most important elements, which have to be considered and studied carefully, in order to find the appropriate means of transportation. In the transport industry, an important role is played by road transport companies, which try to reach or maximize their goal profit - or alternatively minimize their costs - through the development of their own software taking into account the optimization of their fleet’s routing.
Central extensions of filiform Zinbiel algebras
Creators: name: Camacho, Luisa M.
name: Karimjanov, Iqboljon
name: Kaygorodov, Ivan
name: Khudoyberdiyev, Abror
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper we describe central extensions (up to isomorphism) of all complex null-filiform and filiform Zinbiel algebras. It is proven that every non-split central extension of an $n$-dimensional null-filiform Zinbiel algebra is isomorphic to an $(n+1)$-dimensional null-filiform Zinbiel algebra. Moreover, we obtain all pairwise non isomorphic quasi-filiform Zinbiel algebras.
description: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1809.00183, arXiv:1904.00845, arXiv:1812.01442, arXiv:1803.07698
In silico εντοπισμός microRNAs σε ιντρόνια γονιδίων που σχετίζονται με ασθένειες του νευρικού συστήματος του ανθρώπου
Creators: name: Λούκας, Αλέξιος Φωτίου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2013
Subjects: πρόδρομοι μικρό-RNA
Ιντρόνια
microRNAs
In silico
Introns

description: Τα microRNAs είναι μη-κωδικά μόρια RNA μήκους περίπου 22 νουκλεοτιδίων, που παίζουν ρυθμιστικό ρόλο στην πρωτεϊνοσύνθεση, είτε με το να την σταματούν, είτε με το να την επιταχύνουν έμμεσα με την πρόσδεσή τους σε mRNA στόχους. Στην παρούσα εργασία, γίνεται έλεγχος in silico για την παρουσία microRNAs μέσα στα ιντρόνια ενός συγκεκριμένου συνόλου γονιδίων, τα οποία κωδικοποιούν πρωτεΐνες που παίζουν ρόλο σε ασθένειες του νευρικού συστήματος. Η αναζήτησή τους γίνεται με βάση τη συμπληρωματικότητα τμημάτων των ιντρονίων με τις UTR περιοχές, μέσα σε σύνολο γονιδίων που είχαμε στη διάθεσή μας και εκτιμάται το πλήθος πρόδρομων microRNA μέσα σε αυτά τα ιντρόνια. Επιπλέον γίνεται ανάλυση των περιεχομένων μιας από τις βάσεις δεδομένων για microRNAs, τη miRBase, όπου τα στοιχεία των ακολουθιών microRNA που περιέχει, χρησιμοποιούνται για τον προσδιορισμό νέων microRNAs.
description: MicroRNAs are non-coding RNA molecules of length about 22 nucleotides, which play a regulatory role in proteinosynthesis, either by stopping it, or by accelerating it indirectly by binding to their mRNA-targets. In this study we perform an in silico analysis to determine the presence of microRNAs within introns of a specific set of mRNA molecules, that encode proteins, known for their association with diseases of the nervous system. The search is based on base complementarity of the introns with UTR regions, within this specific set of mRNAs. The number of possible pre-miRNAs in these introns is also assessed. Furthermore, we analyze the contents of the general purpose miRNA database, miRBase, where its miRNA sequences are used for determining new miRNAs.
Artist, Style And Year Classification Using Face Recognition And Clustering With Convolutional Neural Networks
Creators: name: Pancaroglu, Doruk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Artist, year and style classification of fine-art paintings are generally achieved using standard image classification methods, image segmentation, or more recently, convolutional neural networks (CNNs). This works aims to use newly developed face recognition methods such as FaceNet that use CNNs to cluster fine-art paintings using the extracted faces in the paintings, which are found abundantly. A dataset consisting of over 80,000 paintings from over 1000 artists is chosen, and three separate face recognition and clustering tasks are performed. The produced clusters are analyzed by the file names of the paintings and the clusters are named by their majority artist, year range, and style. The clusters are further analyzed and their performance metrics are calculated. The study shows promising results as the artist, year, and styles are clustered with an accuracy of 58.8, 63.7, and 81.3 percent, while the clusters have an average purity of 63.1, 72.4, and 85.9 percent.
description: 14 pages, SIPO 2020
Εθνικός εαυτός, «εθνικός άλλος» και διδασκαλία συγκρουσιακών θεμάτων στο μάθημα της Ιστορίας: η προοπτική μιας εναλλακτικής θεώρησης για τους Βαλκανικούς Πολέμους
Creators: name: Δουνάκη, Μαρία Δημητρίου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2014
Subjects: Βαλκανικοί Πόλεμοι
Συγκρουσιακά θέματα στην Ιστορία
Πολυπρισματική θεώρηση
Balkan Wars
Conflictual issues in History
Μultiperspectivity

description: Η παρούσα έρευνα εξετάζει τον τρόπο με τον οποίο οι μαθητές αντιλαμβάνονται ζητήματα που εμπίπτουν στην κατηγορία των συγκρουσιακών θεμάτων. Αρχικά, γίνεται λόγος για την ανάπτυξη των διομαδικών σχέσεων, τη διαπροσωπική αντίληψη και την εθνική ταυτότητα. Επιπλέον, αναφέρονται και τα σχετικά με την οικοδόμηση την εθνικής ταυτότητας μέσα στο σχολικό πλαίσιο και τον τρόπο με τον οποίο οι μαθητές αντιλαμβάνονται τον (εθνικό) «Άλλο». Στη συνέχεια, εξετάζεται η συνεισφορά των συγκρουσιακών ζητημάτων στην εκπαίδευση, η σημασία της διδασκαλίας του μαθήματος της Ιστορίας και, παράλληλα, η διδασκαλία των συγκρουσιακών θεμάτων στο μάθημα της Ιστορίας και η επιρροή τους σε αυτό. Τέλος, επιχειρείται η εναλλακτική «ματιά» στα ιστορικά γεγονότα, υπό το πρίσμα των αρχών της πολυπρισματικής θεώρησης, της Διαπολιτισμικής Εκπαίδευσης και της Παιδαγωγικής της Ειρήνης. Πέραν τούτου, παρατίθενται ενδεικτικά μερικές στρατηγικές διδασκαλίας συγκρουσιακών θεμάτων.
description: The aim of the present thesis was the study of the manner in which students perceive issues that fall under the category of conflictive issues. Initially, there is reason for the development of intergroup relations, interpersonal perception and national identity. In addition, it refers on building of the national identity in the school environment and how students perceive the (national) "Other". Then, it concintrates on the study the contribution of conflictive issues in education, the importance of teaching the lessons of history and while teaching conflictive topics in the course of history and their influence on it. Finally, attempts to alternative 'look ' to the historical events in the view of the principles of multiperspectivity, Intercultural Education and Pedagogy of Peace. Furthermore, some strategies are indicative teaching conflictive issues.
Syntax Representation in Word Embeddings and Neural Networks -- A Survey
Creators: name: Limisiewicz, Tomasz
name: Mareček, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Neural networks trained on natural language processing tasks capture syntax even though it is not provided as a supervision signal. This indicates that syntactic analysis is essential to the understating of language in artificial intelligence systems. This overview paper covers approaches of evaluating the amount of syntactic information included in the representations of words for different neural network architectures. We mainly summarize re-search on English monolingual data on language modeling tasks and multilingual data for neural machine translation systems and multilingual language models. We describe which pre-trained models and representations of language are best suited for transfer to syntactic tasks.
Welsh Wreck Web Research Project (North Cardigan Bay). On-line research into the wreck of the: Scotia (MADU 266)
Creators: name: James, Gwyneth M
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2024

description: Welsh Wreck Web Research Project unpublished report series, 1
description: Report on the schooner Scotia was one of the vessels listed by MADU (Malvern Archaeological Diving Unit) as wrecked in Cardigan Bay.
Peculiarities in the Spectrum of the Adjoint Scalar Kinetic Operator in Yang-Mills Theory
Creators: name: Greensite, J.
name: Kovalenko, A. V.
name: Olejnik, S.
name: Polikarpov, M. I.
name: Syritsyn, S. N.
name: Zakharov, V. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the spectrum of low-lying eigenmodes of the kinetic operator for scalar particles, in the color adjoint representation of Yang-Mills theory. The kinetic operator is the covariant Laplacian, plus a constant which serves to renormalize mass. In the pure gauge theory, our data indicates that the interval between the lowest eigenvalue and the mobility edge tends to infinity in the continuum limit. On these grounds, it is suggested that the perturbative expression for the scalar propagator may be misleading even at distance scales that are small compared to the confinement scale. We also measure the density of low-lying eigenmodes, and find a possible connection to multi-critical matrix models of order m=1.
description: 9 pages, 14 figures
Welsh Wreck Web Research Project (North Cardigan Bay). On-line research into the wreck of the: Sedulous
Creators: name: Perks, Graeme
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2024

description: Welsh Wreck Web Research Project unpublished report series, 1
description: The Sedulous was a schooner of 74 tons built in 1849 at Nefyn by Robert Thomas. In 1850 the Sedulous was blown ashore at Portinllaen but recovered, in 1865 was ashore and refloated in the same harbour. In 1867 the Sedulous sank in Portinllaen after being blown ashore, the crew were saved by a boat from the shore, and the boat crew were rewarded by the RNLI. In 1876 near Dover Sedulous was forced to release both anchors and chains before being assisted into port in a severe gale. In 1882 the Sedulous sank after grounding on the bar at Portmadoc carrying gun powder and coprolite. She sank into the sand with the loss of the cargo, although some of the vessels materials were salvaged.
Welsh Wreck Web Research Project (North Cardigan Bay). On-line research into the wreck of the: Selma
Creators: name: Perks, Graeme
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2024

description: Welsh Wreck Web Research Project unpublished report series, 1
description: The Selma was built in Abo, Sweden in 1866 by Jonsson but only occasionally came to the UK and became Russian registered at Foglo. The Selma was recorded as condemned in LR in 1890 but then was sold, then being registered in Kalmar, Sweden. The Selma brought a cargo of timber to Aberystwyth but on entering ran aground, causing damage and she was again condemned. Selma was sold in parts after only a low bid was made at auction for the whole vessel. Selma was broken up in Aberystwyth harbour and the wood and other fittings sold separately.
ФРАНЦУЗ ВА ЎЗБЕК ТИЛЛАРИДА "МУҲАББАТ" ТУРЛАРИ ИФОДАЛАНИШИНИНГ ЛИНГВОМАДАНИЙ ХУСУСИЯТЛАРИ
Creators: name: Жамолиддин Ёқубов, ЎзДЖТУ профессор
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Мазкур мақола муҳаббат категориясининг турларига  бағишланган.  Мақолада муҳаббат категориясининг моҳияти ва аҳамияти изоҳли луғатларда, Ўрта Осиё мутафаккирларининг назарий қарашларида, шунингдек  француз ва ўзбек тиллари материаллари асосида очиб берилган.
Crossing the line : feminist international law theory, rape and the war in Bosnia-Herzegovina
Creators: name: Buss, Doris Elisabeth
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: In recent years, feminist theory has turned its critical gaze to international law. By challenging the objectivity, neutrality and universality of international law, feminist international law theory offers a new way of thinking about the discipline. Feminist international law theory raises numerous questions not only about the male-centered discipline of international law, but also the scope and nature of its own feminist method. In this thesis, I situate feminist international legal theory in the context of developments within feminist theory generally, which demonstrate the need to ground feminist analysis in the particular experiences of different women. I consider the ways in which feminist international law theory employs theoretical constructs which generalize and essentialize women's experience of oppression along Western lines. By exploring the emphasis in this literature on the public/private divide and sovereignty, I demonstrate the ways in which gender is constructed as the principal site of oppression, missing the complex systems of oppression with which women interact including race/ethnicity, patriarchy, and nationalism. The mass rape of Muslim women in Bosnia-Herzegovina is presented as a case-study for understanding women's complex experiences of oppression and the implications this has for feminist international law theory. During war, different discourses, including law, converge to define particular gender identities, national character and dominant values. International humanitarian law defines how the international community views wartime rape and violence against women. Incorporating dominant ideologies about women, war and rape, international humanitarian law regulates, rather than prohibits, rape. In the context of mass rape in Bosnia- Herzegovina, the applicable international law framework is limited in application to rapes defined as an attack on a community rather than an act of violence against women. Violence against women is constructed as unfortunate but unavoidable. The example of wartime rape demonstrates international law's role in defining and reinforcing gender ideologies. While I conclude that feminist international law theory must continue the project of challenging international law, it must do so from an informed position about international law's complicity in women's global oppression.
Electron Temperature Anisotropy and Electron Beam Constraints From Electron Kinetic Instabilities in the Solar Wind
Creators: name: Sun, Heyu
name: Zhao, Jinsong
name: Liu, Wen
name: Xie, Huasheng
name: Wu, Dejin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electron temperature anisotropies and electron beams are nonthermal features of the observed nonequilibrium electron velocity distributions in the solar wind. In collision-poor plasmas these nonequilibrium distributions are expected to be regulated by kinetic instabilities through wave-particle interactions. This study considers electron instabilities driven by the interplay of core electron temperature anisotropies and the electron beam, and firstly gives a comprehensive analysis of instabilities in arbitrary directions to the background magnetic field. It clarifies the dominant parameter regime (e.g., parallel core electron plasma beta $β_{\mathrm{ec\parallel}}$, core electron temperature anisotropy $A_{\mathrm{ec}}\equiv T_{\mathrm{ec\perp}}/T_{\mathrm{ec\parallel}}$, and electron beam velocity $V_{\mathrm{eb}}$) for each kind of electron instability (e.g., the electron beam-driven electron acoustic/magnetoacoustic instability, the electron beam-driven whistler instability, the electromagnetic electron cyclotron instability, the electron mirror instability, the electron firehose instability, and the ordinary-mode instability). It finds that the electron beam can destabilize electron acoustic/magnetoacoustic waves in the low-$β_{\mathrm{ec\parallel}}$ regime, and whistler waves in the medium- and large-$β_{\mathrm{ec\parallel}}$ regime. It also finds that a new oblique fast-magnetosonic/whistler instability is driven by the electron beam with $V_{\mathrm{eb}}\gtrsim7V_{\mathrm{A}}$ in a regime where $β_{\mathrm{ec\parallel}}\sim0.1-2$ and $A_{\mathrm{ec}}<1$. Moreover, this study presents electromagnetic responses of each kind of electron instability. These results provide a comprehensive overview for electron instability constraints on core electron temperature anisotropies and electron beams in the solar wind.
Τα πάθη και η θεραπεία τους κατά τη διδασκαλία του αγίου Συμεών του Νέου Θεολόγου.
Creators: name: Καψάλης, Γεώργιος Σωτηρίου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2015
Subjects: Πάθη
Θεραπεία
Άγιος Συμεών Νέος Θεολόγος
Vices
Healing
Saint Symeon the New Theologian

description: Σκοπός της μεταπτυχιακής εργασίας ήταν η περιγραφή των παθών ή πνευματικών νοσημάτων και της θεραπευτικής αγωγής σύμφωνα με τη διδασκαλία του αγίου Συμεών του Νέου Θεολόγου. Αρχικά παρουσιάσαμε το προπατορικό αμάρτημα, την πτώση και τις συνέπειες, ώστε να γίνει περισσότερο κατανοητή η περιγραφή των πνευματικών νοσημάτων και η θεραπεία αυτών. Στη συνέχεια αναφερθήκαμε στα τρία κυριότερα πάθη –τη φιλοδοξία, τη φιληδονία και τη φιλαργυρία– και κάποιων παράγωγων αυτών. Επιπλέον παρουσιάσαμε την τακτική και τις μεθόδους του διαβόλου που αποτελεί τον υποκινητή των παθών. Τέλος, ασχοληθήκαμε αναλυτικά με τη θεραπεία των παθών και συγκεκριμένα τις προϋποθέσεις, τους τρόπους και τα μέσα για τη θεραπεία του ανθρώπου.
description: The purpose of this thesis is the description of vices or spiritual diseases and their healing ac-cording to the teaching of Saint Symeon the New Theologian. The original sin was initially pre-sented along with the fall and its consequences so as to reach a better understanding of these spiritual vices and their remedy. Next follows a reference of the three main vices, that is ambi-tion, lust and greed and some of their derivatives. Furthermore the tactics and methods of the devil, who is the instigator of vices, are presented. Finally there is an analysis of the treatment of vices and specifically the requirements, ways and means for man's therapy.
Towards Safe Synthetic Image Generation On the Web: A Multimodal Robust NSFW Defense and Million Scale Dataset
Creators: name: Muneer, Muhammad Shahid
name: Woo, Simon S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In the past years, we have witnessed the remarkable success of Text-to-Image (T2I) models and their widespread use on the web. Extensive research in making T2I models produce hyper-realistic images has led to new concerns, such as generating Not-Safe-For-Work (NSFW) web content and polluting the web society. To help prevent misuse of T2I models and create a safer web environment for users features like NSFW filters and post-hoc security checks are used in these models. However, recent work unveiled how these methods can easily fail to prevent misuse. In particular, adversarial attacks on text and image modalities can easily outplay defensive measures. %Exploiting such leads to the growing concern of preventing adversarial attacks on text and image modalities. Moreover, there is currently no robust multimodal NSFW dataset that includes both prompt and image pairs and adversarial examples. This work proposes a million-scale prompt and image dataset generated using open-source diffusion models. Second, we develop a multimodal defense to distinguish safe and NSFW text and images, which is robust against adversarial attacks and directly alleviates current challenges. Our extensive experiments show that our model performs well against existing SOTA NSFW detection methods in terms of accuracy and recall, drastically reducing the Attack Success Rate (ASR) in multimodal adversarial attack scenarios. Code: https://github.com/shahidmuneer/multimodal-nsfw-defense.
description: Short Paper The Web Conference
Some new results concerning the QFT vacuum in the Heisenberg picture
Creators: name: Solomon, Dan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In has been recently shown [1] that in Dirac's hole theory the vacuum state is not the minimum energy state but that there exist quantum states with less energy than that of the vacuum state. In this paper we extend this discussion to quantum field theory (QFT) and consider the question of whether or not the vacuum in QFT is the state of minimum energy. It will be shown that for a "simple" field theory, consisting of a quantized fermion field interacting with a classical electric field in 1-1D space-time, there exist quauntum states with less energy than that of the vacuum state.
description: 7 pages, typos corrected
Welsh Wreck Web Research Project (North Cardigan Bay). On-line research into the wreck of the: Seven Brothers
Creators: name: Perks, Graeme
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2024

description: Welsh Wreck Web Research Project unpublished report series, 1
description: The Seven Brothers was a schooner of 53 tons built at Llansantffraid in 1867 and registered at Beaumaris. It was a coaster travelling between mainly Welsh ports, Wales and Ireland carrying coal, slates and flour. Seven Brothers had been involved in collisions and was sunk in the Thames Estuary after a collision with a barge, but lifted and repaired. Seven Brothers was reported to have sunk in 1905 at Abersoch, but although the crew were rescued by the RNLI the weather changed and she survived. The Seven Brothers was driven ashore in November 1909 as it attempted to enter Aberaeron harbour and after the tide ebbed the crew climbed ashore safely. Part of the cargo of coal was salvaged but Seven Brothers was beyond repair and was sold in lots for reuse or firewood.
Dynamical noncommutativity and Noether theorem in twisted phi^*4 theory
Creators: name: Aschieri, Paolo
name: Castellani, Leonardo
name: Dimitrijevic, Marija
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A \star-product is defined via a set of commuting vector fields X_a = e_a^μ(x) \partial_μ, and used in a phi^*4 theory coupled to the e_a^μ(x) fields. The \star-product is dynamical, and the vacuum solution phi =0, e_a^μ(x)=delta_a^μreproduces the usual Moyal product. The action is invariant under rigid translations and Lorentz rotations, and the conserved energy-momentum and angular momentum tensors are explicitly derived.
description: 15 pages LaTeX, minor typos, added references
A diagram for the evaporation status of extrasolar planets
Creators: name: Etangs, A. Lecavelier des
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To describe the evaporation status of the extrasolar planets, we propose to consider an energy diagram in which the potential energy of the planets is plotted versus the energy received by the upper atmosphere. Here we present a basic method to estimate these quantities. For the potential energy, we include the modification of the gravity field by the tidal forces from the parent stars. This description allows a quick estimate of both the escape rate of the atmospheric gas and the lifetime of a planet against the evaporation process. In the energy diagram, we find an evaporation-forbidden region in which a gaseous planet would evaporate in less than 5 billion years. With their observed characteristics, all extrasolar planets are found outside this evaporation-forbidden region. The escape rates are estimated to be in the range 10^5 g/s to 10^{12} g/s, with few cases above 10^{11} g/s. The estimated escape rate for HD209458b is found to be consistent with the lower limit of 10^{10} g/s obtained from interpretation of the HI Lyman-alpha observations. Finally, this diagram suggests possibilities for the nature of the recently discovered Neptune-mass planets. We find that GJ436b, 55Cnc_e and HD69830b cannot be low mass gaseous planets. With density necessarily above 0.5g/cm3 to survive evaporation, these planets must contain a large fraction of solid/liquid material. Concerning GJ876d, we find that it must have a density larger than ~3g/cm3 to survive the strong EUV energy flux from its nearby parent star. GJ876d must contain a large fraction of massive elements.
description: To be publihed in A&A
An Abstracted Survey on 6G: Drivers, Requirements, Efforts, and Enablers
Creators: name: Han, Bin
name: Jiang, Wei
name: Habibi, Mohammad Asif
name: Schotten, Hans D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: As of today, 5G mobile systems have been already widely rolled out, it is the right time for academia and industry to explore the next generation mobile communication system beyond 5G. To this end, this paper provides an abstracted survey for the 6G mobile system. We shed light on the key driving factors for 6G through predicting the growth trend of mobile traffic and mobile service subscriptions until the year of 2030, envisioning the potential use cases and applications, as well as deriving the potential use scenarios. Then, a number of key performance indicators to support the 6G use cases are identified and their target values are estimated in a quantitatively manner, which is compared with those of 5G clearly in a visualized way. An investigation of the efforts spent on 6G research in different countries and institutions until now is summarized, and a potential roadmap in terms of the definition, specification, standardization, and spectrum regulation is given. Finally, an introduction to potential key 6G technologies is provided. The principle, technical advantages, challenges, and open research issues for each identified technology are discussed.
The use of automated document structuring and classification methods in the legal domain
Creators: name: Bradshaw, Edward Charles
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This paper presents a review of some of the more innovative and successful projects in the area of automated document classification, along with a practical attempt at document structuring and classification. The focus in selecting projects for this study was on their potential application to a database of legal judgments, though none of the selected projects have actually been applied to legal judgments. The idea was to select a few good projects, focusing on those which have been implemented with some degree of success. Strictly theoretical papers were not considered. Though they need not necessarily be in use commercially, most systems chosen were in fact in use on a daily basis. The goal of the practical component of this research was an attempt to use the distinctive elements of legal judgments to improve retrieval effectiveness on legal databases. This was to be done by identifying a substructure within a judgment, and then using standard retrieval techniques based on this substructure in addition to the text as a whole. Previous studies have shown that retrieval based on some subdivision of full text documents does indeed show better results. The problem addressed in this project is in identifying this initial substructure.
Οι βυζαντινοπερσικοί πόλεμοι, η «σταυροφορία» του Ηρακλείου και η παρακμή του περσικού κράτους (622 - 630)
Creators: name: Μιχάλης, Γεώργιος Χαραλάμπους
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2015
Subjects: Ηράκλειος
Τίμιος Σταυρός
Πέρσες
Heraclius
Holy Cross
Persians

description: Η παρούσα μελέτη διερευνά τις στρατιωτικές επιχειρήσεις που διεξήγαγε ο αυτοκράτορας Ηράκλειος εναντίον των Περσών (622 – 628). Σκοπός της εργασίας είναι να παρουσιάσει τις αιτίες και τις αφορμές του πολέμου μεταξύ των δύο πλευρών, καθώς και να εξετάσει ζητήματα ιστορικής γεωγραφίας και χρονολόγησης των στρατιωτικών γεγονότων. Στο εισαγωγικό κομμάτι γίνεται αναφορά στην ανατροπή του τυράννου Φωκά και στην άνοδο του Ηρακλείου στον αυτοκρατορικό θρόνο. Στο πρώτο μέρος παρουσιάζεται το ιστορικό υπόβαθρο των πολεμικών συγκρούσεων μεταξύ Βυζαντινών και Περσών από την περίοδο της βασιλείας του Μαυρικίου (582) μέχρι και την πρώτη δεκαετία της βασιλείας του Ηρακλείου (610 - 619). Στο δεύτερο μέρος διερευνάται διεξοδικά η προετοιμασία του αυτοκράτορα για την εκστρατεία εναντίον των Περσών και αναλύονται καταλεπτώς οι στρατιωτικές επιχειρήσεις που ξεκίνησαν το 622 και διήρκεσαν μέχρι το 628, έχοντας ως αποτέλεσμα την αναστήλωση του Τιμίου Σταυρού (630). Στο τρίτο μέρος παρουσιάζεται το ιστορικό υπόβαθρο των όρων σταυροφορία και ιερός πόλεμος, ενώ γίνεται σύγκριση των σταυροφοριών της Δύσης και του ισλαμικού ιερού πολέμου (Jihād) με τις εκστρατείες του Ηρακλείου εναντίον των Περσών. Τέλος επιχειρείται μια συνολική αποτίμηση των στόχων και των επιδιώξεων των εκστρατειών του Ηρακλείου, με σκοπό την αναζήτηση των βαθύτερων λόγων που τον ώθησαν στην ύψωση του Τιμίου Σταυρού.
description: This study investigates the military operations conducted by the emperor Heraclius against the Persians (622 – 628). Purpose of the study is to present the causes and occasions that triggered the war between the two sides, as well as to clarify issues about the historical geography and chronology of the said military events. The introductory part refers to the overthrow of tyrant Phocas and the rise of Heraclius to the imperial throne. The first part presents the historical background of the wars that occurred between the Byzantines and the Persians from the reign of Maurice (582) up to the first decade of the reign of Heraclius (610 - 619). The second part investigates in depth the emperor’s preparation for the campaign against the Persians and analyzes minutely the military operations that started in 622 and lasted until 628, resulting in the restoration of the Holy Cross (630). The third part presents the historical background of the terms crusade and holy war, while comparing these terms to the campaigns of Heraclius against the Persians, which many researchers have surrounded with the veil of crusade and holy war. Finally, an overall assessment of the goals and objectives of Heraclius’ campaigns is attempted, in order to search the underlying reasons that led him to the exaltation of the Holy Cross.
Faint flux performance of an EMCCD
Creators: name: Daigle, Olivier
name: Carignan, Claude
name: Blais-Ouellette, Sebastien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Thorough numerical simulations were run to test the performance of three processing methods of the data coming out from an electron multiplying charge coupled device (EMCCD), or low light level charge coupled device (L3CCD), operated at high gain, under real operating conditions. The effect of read-out noise and spurious charges is tested under various low flux conditions (0.001 event/pixel/frame < f < 20 events/pixel/frame). Moreover, a method for finding the value of the gain applied by the EMCCD amplification register is also developed. It allows one to determine the gain value to an accuracy of a fraction of a percent from dark frames alone.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures, to appear in SPIE conference proceedings vol 6276, "High Energy, Optical & Infrared Detectors for Astronomy II" Orlando FL USA, 24-31 May 2006. Code is available at http://www.astro.umontreal.ca/~odaigle/emccd
ZOROASTRISM AND ITS ELEMENTS IN CENTRAL ASIA
Creators: name: Dilrabo Bakhronova, Doctor of Science, Professor of the Uzbekistan State University of World Languages
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Zoroastrianism is a religion that professes a monotheistic faith and originates from the Iranian people. It is founded by the prophet Zoroaster (Zarathustra, Zardõsht) during some time in the ancient Persian Empire of the Achaemenid era.

Although it is believed that all the peoples belonging to “great Iran” were of the Zoroastrian religion, the truth is that in its beginnings, depending on the area of the Achaemenid era, the god Ahura Mazda shared veneration with others of great importance in the Persian pantheon such as Mithra and Anahita, deities responsible respectively for alliance and protection, and for fertility and water.
Κοινωνικοοικονομική ένταξη των μεταναστών στην Νότια Ευρώπη: Μια συγκριτική ανάλυση της Ελλάδας και της Ιταλίας
Creators: name: Τσερβένης, Δημήτριος Ραφαήλ
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2015
Subjects: Ένταξη μεταναστών
Μετανάστευση
Νότια Ευρώπη
Migrant Integration
Immigration
Southern Europe

description: Κατά τη διάρκεια των τελευταίων τριών δεκαετιών, οι μεταναστευτικές προκλήσεις και κατ’ επέκταση το θέμα της ένταξης των μεταναστών, έχουν καταλάβει την ημερήσια διάταξη των Ευρωπαϊκών, εθνικών και τοπικών πολιτικών. Η έρευνα αυτή έχει ως στόχο να συγκρίνει τις πολιτικές κοινωνικοοικονομικής ένταξης των νόμιμων μεταναστών στην Ελλάδα και στην Ιταλία, οι οποίες υιοθετήθηκαν από το τέλος της δεκαετίας του '90 έως και τον Αύγουστο του 2015, εντός του σχετικού θεσμικού πλαισίου της ΕΕ. Η επιλογή των χωρών αυτών πραγματοποιήθηκε στη βάση του γεγονότος ότι και οι δύο χώρες έχουν αναπτύξει μεταναστευτικές πολιτικές και πολιτικές ένταξης που εκκινούν από μια παρόμοια προσέγγιση, αλλά μέσα στο θεσμικό πλαίσιο ενός διαφορετικού συστήματος διακυβέρνησης της ένταξης των μεταναστών, το οποίο στην Ιταλία είναι πιο αποκεντρωμένο σε σχέση με αυτό της Ελλάδας. Τα αποτελέσματα, που προέκυψαν από τη συγκριτική ανάλυση, έχουν ως στόχο να παρουσιάσουν τις τρέχουσες τάσεις σχετικά με την ένταξη υπηκόων τρίτων χωρών στις δύο χώρες, να αναδείξουν αποτελεσματικές πολιτικές που υιοθετήθηκαν σε εθνικό και τοπικό επίπεδο, προκειμένου να αντιμετωπίσουν τις ενταξιακές προκλήσεις και τέλος να προσδιορίσουν τους παράγοντες που επηρέασαν την ένταξη των μεταναστών στις δύο χώρες. Γόνιμα αποτελέσματα προέκυψαν για το μέλλον της επιστημονικής έρευνας και της χάραξης πολιτικής σχετικά με τα θέματα ένταξης των μεταναστών και κυρίως όσον αφορά την ένταξή τους σε τοπικό επίπεδο στις δύο χώρες αλλά και γενικότερα στις χώρες της Νότιας Ευρώπης.
description: During the last three decades, immigration challenges and therefore the issue of migrant integration has occupied the agenda of the EU, national and local instances. This research aims to compare the socioeconomic migrant integration policies of Greece and Italy adopted since the end of 90s’ till August 2015, within the framework of relevant EU policies. The selection of these countries has been made on the grounds that both countries have developed their migration and integration policies deriving from a similar approach but within a different migrant integration governance system which in Italy is much more decentralised as compared to the Greek one. The results obtained from the comparative analysis aim to illustrate the current trends and patterns regards the migrant integration of third country nationals in the two countries, to demonstrate adequate policies adopted by the two countries at the national and local level in order to face the integration challenges and finally to highlight the factors which have influenced the migrant integration in the two countries. Fruitful outcomes have derived for the future research and policy-making on integration and mainly as regards the integration at the local level in the two countries and in the Southern European countries in general.
On the projective dimension and the unmixed part of three cubics
Creators: name: Engheta, Bahman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 13D02

description: Let $R$ be a polynomial ring over a field in an unspecified number of variables. We prove that if $J \subset R$ is an ideal generated by three cubic forms, and the unmixed part of $J$ contains a quadric, then the projective dimension of $R/J$ is at most 4. To this end, we show that if $K \subset R$ is a three-generated ideal of height two and $L \subset R$ an ideal linked to the unmixed part of $K$, then the projective dimension of $R/K$ is bounded above by the projective dimension of $R/L$ plus one.
description: 23 pages; to appear in Journal of Algebra
Gearboxes: indirect identification of dynamic forces transmitted to housing through bearings
Creators: name: Zhang, Gu Xiang
name: Rigaud, Emmanuel
name: Pascal, Jean-Claude
name: Sabot, Jean
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In order to determine indirectly the generalized forces applied on the gearbox, two approaches are tested, one is a numerical method, the other is experimental. For the numerical method, the vibration response of the gearbox can be evaluated with use of a finite element analysis and a spectral and iterative method. It's confirmed that applying the generalized forces transmitted through the bearings on the empty housing allows to rebuild the housing response (reciprocity principle). The simulation on the time- and space-averaged mean square vibration velocity shows the vibration response of the housing is induced principally by the axial exciting forces, and secondarily by the moments Mx and My. transmitted on the free side (the 6 mm thick face). Realistic estimation of these excitation forces needs a modelling of the whole gearbox taking into account the mechanical properties of the housing. For the experimental approach, an inverse method based upon the FRF measurement and characterisation of gearbox vibration response is developed. Beginning from the equivalent forces obtained by this inverse method, a resulting force and a moment are derived for representing the distributed force acting on each bearing. The comparison between the results obtained by these two methods shows the effectiveness of this indirect force determination methodology.
Blue Straggler Stars in Galactic Open Clusters and the Simple Stellar Population Model
Creators: name: Xin, Y.
name: Deng, L.
name: Han, Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Blue straggler stars present as secure members in the Galactic open clusters form a major challenge to the conventional picture of evolutionary population synthesis based on the stellar evolution theory of single stars, as illustrated in our previous work. Expansion of our sample in the current work to include younger age clusters provides a larger data base to expose the question raised for the simple stellar population model. The working sample now includes 97 Galactic open clusters of ages ranging from 0.1 to several Gyrs. The contributions of blue straggler stars to the integrated light of the host clusters are calculated on an individual cluster base. A data base of observational constrained simple stellar population model is made which has a larger age coverage than our previous work. It is shown in this work that the general existence of blue stragglers in star clusters of our sample dramatically altered the predictions of convectional stellar population model in terms of spectral energy distribution. The integrated spectral energy distributions of the synthetic spectra of the clusters are enhanced towards shorter wavelengths, therefore the results of the present work will cast new lights in understanding the properties of stellar populations.
description: 27 pages, 8 figures, 1 table, submitted to ApJ
Welsh Wreck Web Research Project (North Cardigan Bay). On-line research into the: SV Sierra Miranda And a case of mistaken identity
Creators: name: Rhodes, Christine
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2024

description: Welsh Wreck Web Research Project unpublished report series, 1
description: This report is the result of an online investigation into the grounding, ongoing mercantile shipping career, renaming, and demise of the SV Sierra Miranda, sold on and renamed Maria Borges, before foundering in mysterious circumstances off the East coast of N America in 1922.