cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Absence of sign problem in the (saddle point approximation of the) nilpotency expansion of QCD at finite chemical potential
Creators: name: Caracciolo, Sergio
name: Palumbo, Fabrizio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have developed a method to derive the (approximate) quark contribution to the fermion free energy of QCD on a lattice, at finite temperature and chemical potential, with Kogut-Susskind fermions in the flavor basis. We show here the expression at zero temperature. This result has been obtained at the lowest order of the nilpotency expansion. At this order the well known "sign problem" does not arise and the quark contribution to the action can be used as a statistical weight in the Monte Carlo simulations.
description: 7 pages, presented at the XXVIII International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory (Lattice 2010), Villasimius, Sardinia, Italy, June 14-19, 2010
The sub-arcsecond hard X-ray structure of loop footpoints in a solar flare
Creators: name: Kontar, E. P.
name: Hannah, I. G.
name: Jeffrey, N. L. S.
name: Battaglia, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The newly developed X-ray visibility forward fitting technique is applied to Reuven Ramaty High Energy Solar Spectroscopic Imager (RHESSI) data of a limb flare to investigate the energy and height dependence on sizes, shapes, and position of hard X-ray chromospheric footpoint sources. This provides information about the electron transport and chromospheric density structure. The spatial distribution of two footpoint X-ray sources is analyzed using PIXON, Maximum Entropy Method, CLEAN and visibility forward fit algorithms at nonthermal energies from $\sim 20$ to $\sim 200$ keV. We report, for the first time, the vertical extents and widths of hard X-ray chromospheric sources measured as a function of energy for a limb event. Our observations suggest that both the vertical and horizontal sizes of footpoints are decreasing with energy. Higher energy emission originates progressively deeper in the chromosphere consistent with downward flare accelerated streaming electrons. The ellipticity of the footpoints grows with energy from $\sim 0.5$ at $ \sim 20$ keV to $\sim 0.9$ at $\sim 150$ keV. The positions of X-ray emission are in agreement with an exponential density profile of scale height $\sim 150$~km. The characteristic size of the hard X-ray footpoint source along the limb is decreasing with energy suggesting a converging magnetic field in the footpoint. The vertical sizes of X-ray sources are inconsistent with simple collisional transport in a single density scale height but can be explained using a multi-threaded density structure in the chromosphere.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures, submitted to ApJ
The CCFM Monte Carlo generator CASCADE 2.2.0
Creators: name: Jung, H.
name: Baranov, S.
name: Deak, M.
name: Grebenyuk, A.
name: Hautmann, F.
name: Hentschinski, M.
name: Knutsson, A.
name: Kraemer, M.
name: Kutak, K.
name: Lipatov, A.
name: Zotov, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: CASCADE is a full hadron level Monte Carlo event generator for ep, γp and p\bar{p} and pp processes, which uses the CCFM evolution equation for the initial state cascade in a backward evolution approach supplemented with off - shell matrix elements for the hard scattering. A detailed program description is given, with emphasis on parameters the user wants to change and variables which completely specify the generated events.
The fullPIERS risk prediction model for women with pre-eclampsia : external validation, recalibration and added value of a novel biomarker (placental growth factor)
Creators: name: Ukah, Ugochinyere Vivian
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: The hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDPs), including pre-eclampsia, complicate up to 10% of pregnancies and are leading causes of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. The fullPIERS model was developed to identify and quantify the risks of developing complications for women with pre-eclampsia in high-resource settings and to aid clinicians in managing such pregnancies. Prior to introducing the model into clinical practice, it is important to assess its external validity. Recalibration, if required, and addition of new biomarkers may be helpful to improve the predictive performance of the model. The objectives of this thesis were (i) to assess the external validity of the fullPIERS risk prediction model for women with pre-eclampsia (ii) recalibrate the model if necessary, and (iii) to assess the incremental value of adding the biomarker, placental growth factor (PlGF), to the model. Using abstracted medical records of women admitted into tertiary units in four high-income countries (HICs), the fullPIERS model was assessed for geographical and temporal validity. The model’s predictive ability in women with a broader spectrum of disease including early-onset pre-eclampsia, other HDPs and low and middle-income countries was also assessed using existing cohorts. Good performance was interpreted based on discrimination (AUROCs ≥0.7) and calibration (slope ≥ 0.7). Stratification and classification accuracy of the model were also assessed. The fullPIERS model showed good discriminatory performance on temporal and geographical validity (AUROCs >0.8) and also in broader HDPs (AUROCs >0.7). Medium to high likelihood ratios were estimated (>5 to >10) at a predicted probability cut-off of ≥30% for ruling in adverse maternal outcomes. Calibration was reduced in all cohorts (<0.7), except in the temporal validation, suggesting a need for recalibration. Recalibration of the model improved the calibration performance but did not improve the discriminatory and stratification of the model. There was little incremental value of adding PlGF to the model. The fullPIERS model has been successfully validated externally and can be implemented into routine clinical care in similar settings to inform clinical decisions. This will aid in appropriate allocation of care and resources to the patients, and contributing in reducing maternal morbidity and mortality resulting from pre-eclampsia.
Compensated Half-metallicity in the Trigonally Distorted Perovskite-type NiCrO$_3$
Creators: name: Lee, K. -W.
name: Pickett, W. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using first principles calculations, we investigate the electronic and magnetic properties of the trigonally distorted (R-3c) perovskite-derived NiCrO$_3$. Within the local spin density approximation (LSDA), our calculations show that this system is an exactly compensated half-metal (CHM). The local spin moments of Cr 2.04, and antialigned Ni -1.41 and three oxygens -0.63 (in the units of $μ_B$), indicate high spin S=3/2 Cr$^{3+}$ and S=3/2 (NiO$_3$)$^{3-}$ units. Considering reasonable values of the on-site Coulomb repulsion U on both Ni and Cr ions with LDA+U approach, this system becomes an insulator (as reported by Chamberland and Cloud) having a narrow gap in the spin-up channel, whereas the other channel has a large gap of ~3 eV. Although inclusion of U seemingly leads to the transition Ni$^{2+} --> high spin S=3/2 Ni$^{3+}$, consistent with the experimentally observed effective moment, the zero net moment remains unchanged due to either reduction of oxygen local moments or enhancement of Cr local moment. Compression of volume by 10% leads to CHM even when correlation effects are included.These results suggest the possibility of a CHM state in NiCrO$_3$ and provide another route to search for CHM, which is a property sought by many.
description: 5 pages, 5 embedded figures, (To be published in PRB rapid Commun.)
Synthesis and characterization of an octanuclear nickel(II) polyoxometalate cluster
Creators: name: Yang, Zongfei
name: Yang, Xindi
name: Jin, Linyu
name: Dong, Kaili
name: Ma, Pengtao
name: Niu, Jingyang
name: Wang, Jingping
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Hematology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: A high-nuclearity nickel-substituted polyoxotungstate, Na6K5.5H4.5 {[Ni8(OH)6(H2O)2](CO3)3(SiW9O34)2}·22H2O (1), has been obtained by the reaction of Na10[α-SiW9O34]·18H2O, Ni(NO3)2·6H2O and K2CO3 in aqueous solution and characterized by IR spectroscopy, single crystal X-ray diffraction, thermal gravimetric analysis and elemental analysis. Carbonate is not only used to adjust the pH of the solution, but also is a structure-stabilizing agent. The polyoxoanion {[Ni8(OH)6(H2O)2](CO3)3(SiW9O34)2}16- (1a) can be regarded as two {[Ni4(OH)3(H2O)](SiW9O34)} subunits connected by three carbonate groups, which represents the first polyanion containing an octanuclear nickel cluster based on trivacant Keggin-type polyoxotungstate {XW9} (X = heteroatom). The subunit {[Ni4(OH)3(H2O)](SiW9O34)} can be viewed as a tetranuclear nickel cluster linked to a trivacant Keggin-type polyoxotungstate {SiW9O34}. Furthermore, magnetic measurements show that 1 exhibits antiferromagnetic interactions.
The structure of a the C*-algebra of a locally injective surjection
Creators: name: Carlsen, Toke Meier
name: Thomsen, Klaus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We obtain a description of the C*-algebras which can occur as a simple quotient of the C*-algebra of a locally injective surjection on a compact metric space of finite covering dimension.
N-tert-butoxycarbonyl (BOC) protected [V6O13{(OCH2)3CNH2}2]2−: synthesis, structural characterization, and solution behavior
Creators: name: Bamba, Ibrahima Fa
name: Falaise, Clément
name: Gbassi, Gildas K.
name: Atheba, Patrick
name: Haouas, Mohamed
name: Cadot, Emmanuel
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Herein, we report the synthesis of N-tert-butoxycarbonyl (BOC) protected [V6O13{(OCH2)3C–NH2}2]2− built from the Lindqvist-type hexavanadate. The reaction of di-tert-butyl dicarbonate (BOC2O) with tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane (Tris) led to the organic derivative [(OCH2)3C–NH(BOC)] that reacts with the decavanadate in dimethylacetamide (DMA) to form the [V6O13{(OCH2)3 C–NH(BOC)}2]2− anion. The tetrabutylammonium (TBA+) salt of this hybrid polyoxovanadate, TBA2[V6O13{(OCH2)3C–NH(BOC)}2]· 2DMA, has been characterized in the solid-state by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and infrared spectroscopy, and in solution by multinuclear (1H, 13C, 15N and 51V) and DOSY NMR, and UV–visible spectroscopy.
Forecasting the competitiveness of Greek olive oil in the international market
Creators: name: Epistimi Amerani
name: Michailidis, Anastasios
name: Nastis, Stefanos A.
name: Bournaris, Thomas
name: Epistimi Amerani
name: Michailidis, Anastasios
name: Nastis, Stefanos A.
name: Bournaris, Thomas
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: olive oil
subject: competitiveness
subject: forecasting
subject: Box-Jenkins
subject: ARIMA

description: This study evaluates and forecasts the competitiveness of the Greek olive oil sector in the world market, using the indicator of relative trade advantage (RTA) by estimating the Box-Jenkins auto-regressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model. Results based on data over the last fifty years indicate that ARIMA (0,1,2) is the best model to forecast the competitiveness of the olive oil sector in the world agricultural market. According to the short-term forecast, the commercial advantage of Greek olive oil will improve up to 2022, validating the design of holistic value creation strategies to produce competitive advantage under variant products and market conditions.
Decision Support Tools for Cloud Migration in the Enterprise
Creators: name: Khajeh-Hosseini, Ali
name: Sommerville, Ian
name: Bogaerts, Jurgen
name: Teregowda, Pradeep
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: C.2.4

description: This paper describes two tools that aim to support decision making during the migration of IT systems to the cloud. The first is a modeling tool that produces cost estimates of using public IaaS clouds. The tool enables IT architects to model their applications, data and infrastructure requirements in addition to their computational resource usage patterns. The tool can be used to compare the cost of different cloud providers, deployment options and usage scenarios. The second tool is a spreadsheet that outlines the benefits and risks of using IaaS clouds from an enterprise perspective; this tool provides a starting point for risk assessment. Two case studies were used to evaluate the tools. The tools were useful as they informed decision makers about the costs, benefits and risks of using the cloud.
description: To appear in IEEE CLOUD 2011
The constitutionalization of the right to social security : a comparative analysis between Japan and Mexico
Creators: name: Villaseñor Rodriguez, Fernando
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: This dissertation analyzes three hypotheses that are often advanced in the literature regarding social rights in a comparative scenario. The first of such hypotheses states that the inclusion of social rights in a given constitution makes them justiciable (constitutionalization hypothesis). The second of such hypotheses states that making them justiciable will, in turn, improve social rights enforcement (justiciability hypothesis). The third of such hypotheses states that when both of the suppositions from the previous hypotheses are met, a general improvement in welfare will ensue (welfare hypothesis). To test the aforementioned hypotheses, this dissertation delimited the vast category of social rights to focus on the right to social security (RSS), and the vast category of possible countries to focus on the cases of Japan and Mexico. After the pertinent analysis, this dissertation will conclude that, in the two cases compared herein, the three aforementioned hypotheses are wrong. More importantly, this dissertation will intend to explain why such hypotheses are wrong for the cases compared.
Feynman's Tree Theorem and Loop-Tree Dualities
Creators: name: Bierenbaum, Isabella
name: Catani, Stefano
name: Draggiotis, Petros
name: Rodrigo, German
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the duality theorem, which provides a relation between loop integrals and phase space integrals. We rederive the duality relation for the one-loop case and extend it to two and higher-order loops. We explicitly show its application to two- and three-loop scalar master integrals and discuss the structure of the occurring cuts.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures, talk presented at "Light Cone 2010", Valencia,14-18 June, 2010
Expression of the Epstein-Barr virus major membrane proteins in Chinese hamster ovary cells
Creators: name: Motz, M.
name: Deby, G.
name: Jilg, Wolfgang
name: Wolf, Hans J.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1986
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin
subject: Animals
subject: Base Sequence
subject: Cell Line
subject: Cell Transformation, Viral
subject: Cricetinae
subject: Cricetulus
subject: DNA Restriction Enzymes
subject: Female
subject: Genes
subject: Genes, Viral
subject: Genetic Vectors
subject: Herpesvirus 4, Human/genetics
subject: Ovary
subject: Promoter Regions, Genetic
subject: Transcription, Genetic
subject: Viral Matrix Proteins
subject: Viral Proteins/genetics

description: The gene of the major membrane antigen (gp250/350) of the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) was isolated and inserted under the control of the SV40 early promoter into a eukaryotic expression vector, which allows selection for dhfr+ phenotype. Following transfection with this vector, Chinese hamster ovary cells express on their surfaces proteins immunologically similar to the major EBV membrane antigen. The transcript encoding gp250/350 is processed by partial splicing similarly but more efficiency than in B95-8 cells from which the DNA originates.
Ethical, Legal, and Social Implications (ELSI) at the Intersection of Genomics and Infectious Disease
Creators: name: Mathews, Debra
name: Jose, Sheethal
Publisher: name: Center for ELSI Resources and Analysis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ethics
subject: Science
subject: ELSI
subject: COVID-19
subject: data justice
subject: precision public health
subject: host genome testing

description: Scientific and technological advances in the field of genomics have the potential to enable targeted clinical and public health measures to manage infectious disease outbreaks. The convergence of the fields of genomics and public health in the context of infectious disease raises a unique constellation of ethical, legal, and social issues that must be addressed before genomic data and technology are leveraged at the population level. Similarly, both pathogen genomics and host (or human) genomics play a role in the clinical management of infectious disease and raise their own ELSI issues. The COVID-19 pandemic, coupled with advances in genomic sequencing technology, has provided a global laboratory for identifying, for example, host genomic factors that influence an individual’s risk of severe COVID-19 disease. The identification of such factors has implications for both clinical management and public health practice. While not an exhaustive list, this collection provides an introduction to the ELSI literature at the intersection of genomics and infectious diseases in both the clinical and public health contexts. The articles listed below focus primarily on the examples of SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 and HIV/AIDS, but the ELSI issues raised are applicable across the infectious disease spectrum. The first set of articles provides historical context for the concept of disease causation and the blurring boundary between infectious and genetic diseases. The next two groups of articles focus on the different ELSI issues raised by host genomics (using the example of COVID-19) and pathogen genomics (using the example of HIV), respectively, in research, clinical, and public health contexts. The fourth set of articles provides a glimpse into the history of race and racism in both genomics and infectious disease and highlights the critical need for viewing the ELSI issues raised at this intersection through a health disparities lens. Lastly, the fifth group of articles attempts to provide concrete ways of addressing these ELSI issues and identifies areas for further research
Noether normalizations, reductions of ideals, and matroids
Creators: name: Brennan, Joseph P.
name: Epstein, Neil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 13A30, Secondary 05B35, 13B21, 13H15

description: We show that given a finitely generated standard-graded algebra of dimension $d$ over an infinite field, its graded Noether normalizations obey a certain kind of `generic exchange', allowing one to pass between any two of them in at most $d$ steps. We prove analogous generic exchange theorems for minimal reductions of an ideal, minimal complete reductions of a set of ideals, and minimal complete reductions of multigraded $k$-algebras. Finally, we unify all these results into a common axiomatic framework by introducing a new topological-combinatorial structure we call a generic matroid, which is a common generalization of a topological space and a matroid.
description: 13 pages; to appear in Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society
Mapping of Epstein-Barr virus proteins on the genome by translation of hybrid-selected RNA from induced P3HR1 cells and induced Raji cells
Creators: name: Seibl, R.
name: Wolf, Hans J.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1985
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin
subject: Cell Line
subject: Chromosome Mapping
subject: DNA Restriction Enzymes/diagnostic use
subject: DNA, Viral/genetics
subject: Genes, Viral
subject: Herpesvirus 4, Human/genetics
subject: Lymphocytes/microbiology
subject: Molecular Weight
subject: Protein Biosynthesis
subject: RNA, Messenger/genetics
subject: Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid
subject: Viral Proteins/genetics

description: RNA was isolated from induced P3HR1 cells which synthesize Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) particles and therefore a full set of early and late antigens and from induced Raji cells which synthesize only early EBV proteins and hybridized to cloned EBV-DNA fragments spanning the entire genome. Bound mRNA was eluted and translated in vitro with rabbit reticulocyte lysate. The translation products were analyzed on SDS-polyacrylamide gels either directly or after immunoprecipitation with human sera. Most proteins could be mapped to short defined regions of the EBV genome using short restriction fragments and overlapping sheared fragments and there is evidence of splicing for some mRNA species. The synthesis of five early proteins can be seen only with hybrid-selected RNA from induced Raji cells. These mRNAs seem to be enriched in the cells restricted to early antigen synthesis.
Mott Transition in Quasi-One-Dimensional Systems
Creators: name: Moukouri, S.
name: Eidelstein, Eitan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the application of the density-matrix renormalization group method to a spatially anisotropic two-dimensional Hubbard model at half-filling. We find a deconfinement transition induced by the transverse hopping parameter $t_y$ from an insulator to a metal. Therefore, if $t_y$ is fixed in the metallic phase, increasing the interaction $U$ leads to a metal-to-insulator transition at a finite critical $U$. This is in contrast to the weak-coupling Hartree-Fock theory which predicts a nesting induced antiferromagnetic insulator for any $U>0$.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Multiparameter High Throughput Characterization of Combinatorial Chemical Microarrays of Chemosensitive Polymers
Creators: name: Mirsky, Vladimir M.
name: Kulikov, Valentin
name: Hao, Qingli
name: Wolfbeis, Otto S.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: chemical microarrays;combinatorial materials research;conducting polymers;materials;sensors
subject: 540 Chemie

description: High throughput characterization of combinatorial libraries demands a compromise between completeness of the study and reasonable investigation time. This compromise can be found by the development of test protocols consisting of the minimal number of the most informative measurements. Multiparameter high throughput characterization of sensitive materials is described. The parameters include response time, regeneration time, reversibility, reproducibility, sensitivity, linearity. The approach was applied for characterization of conductometric gas-sensitive polymer materials.
Socioeconomic typologies of immigrants integration: The case of Thessaloniki Prefecture
Creators: name: Liltsi, Petroula
name: Apostolidou, Ioanna
name: Michailidis, Anastasios
name: Liltsi, Petroula
name: Apostolidou, Ioanna
name: Michailidis, Anastasios
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: integration
subject: immigrants
subject: economic uncertainty
subject: rural areas
subject: Categorical Regression
subject: Two Step Cluster Analysis

description: The paper deals with the investigation of the integration rate of immigrants in rural areas of the prefecture of Thessaloniki and the factors that contribute to their "integration " in the current period which characterized by uncertainty. For this purpose, a survey research was carried out in 607 residents of the Prefecture. The data were collected and analyzed using descriptive statistics and multivariate statistical analyzes. The contribution of this research is particularly important as, for the first time in Greece under economic uncertainty, a systematic and holistic approach to the factors contributing to the integration and support of immigrants takes place
Two-dimensional optical control of electron spin orientation by linearly polarized light in InGaAs
Creators: name: Schmalbuch, K.
name: Göbbels, S.
name: Schäfers, Ph.
name: Rodenbücher, Ch.
name: Schlammes, P.
name: Schäpers, Th.
name: Lepsa, M.
name: Güntherodt, G.
name: Beschoten, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Optical absorption of circularly polarized light is well known to yield an electron spin polarization in direct band gap semiconductors. We demonstrate that electron spins can even be generated with high efficiency by absorption of linearly polarized light in InGaAs. By changing the incident linear polarization direction we can selectively excite spins both in polar and transverse directions. These directions can be identified by the phase during spin precession using time-resolved Faraday rotation. We show that the spin orientations do not depend on the crystal axes suggesting an extrinsic excitation mechanism.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Expression of the Epstein-Barr virus 138-kDa early protein in Escherichia coli for the use as antigen in diagnostic tests
Creators: name: Motz, M.
name: Fan, J.
name: Seibl, R.
name: Jilg, Wolfgang
name: Wolf, Hans J.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1986
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin
subject: Antigens, Viral/genetics
subject: Cloning, Molecular
subject: DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics
subject: Epitopes
subject: Gene Expression Regulation
subject: Genes
subject: Genes, Viral
subject: Genetic Engineering/methods
subject: Herpesvirus 4, Human/immunology
subject: Protein Conformation
subject: Recombinant Proteins/genetics
subject: Solubility
subject: Viral Proteins/genetics

description: We have attempted to produce the 138-kDa early protein (ep 138) of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in Escherichia coli. This protein was found, by immunoprecipitation, to be a clinically relevant antigen, especially for the determination of the IgA-titer in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Since the expression of the entire ep 138 coding region was unsuccessful, we synthesized only the antigenic parts of this protein. Potential antigenic sites were predicted from the amino acid sequence by combining values for hydrophilicity with calculated estimates of the secondary structure. The two predicted fragments were found to be antigenic, but only one of them was stably expressed in E. coli as a non-fusion protein. This stable protein fragment was, in turn, able to stabilize the second antigenic fragment forming an autologous fusion protein, consisting exclusively of EBV-derived sequences. The resulting product reacts particularly well with IgA antibodies of NPC patients indicating its diagnostic value for NPC.
Bi-directional ultrafast electric-field gating of interlayer transport in a cuprate superconductor
Creators: name: Dienst, A.
name: Hoffmann, M. C.
name: Fausti, D.
name: Petersen, J.
name: Pyon, S.
name: Takayama, T.
name: Takagi, H.
name: Cavalleri, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In cuprate superconductors, tunneling between planes makes possible three-dimensional coherent transport. However, the interlayer tunnelling amplitude is reduced when an order-parameter phase gradient between planes is established. As such, c-axis superconductivity can be weakened if a strong electric field is applied along the c axis. We use high-field single-cycle terahertz pulses to gate interlayer coupling in La1.84Sr0.16CuO4. We induce ultrafast oscillations between superconducting and resistive states and switch the plasmon response on and off, without reducing the density of Cooper pairs. Indeed, in-plane superconductivity remains unperturbed throughout, revealing a non-equilibrium state in which the dimensionality of the superconductor is time dependent. The gating frequency is determined by the electric field strength, in the spirit of the ac Josephson effect. Non-dissipative, bi-directional gating of superconductive coupling is of interest for device applications in ultrafast nanoelectronics. It is also a new example of nonlinear terahertz physics, applicable to nanoplasmonics and active metamaterials.
Enantioselective Artificial Receptors Formed by the Spreader-Bar Technique
Creators: name: Prodromidis, Mamas I.
name: Hirsch, Thomas
name: Mirsky, Vladimir M.
name: Wolfbeis, Otto S.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Enantioselective artificial receptors, Spreader-bar technique, Capacitive chemosensor, Surface plasmon resonance
subject: 540 Chemie

description: Chiroselective binding sites have been created on thin gold films by application of the spreader-bar approach. Impedometric techniques and surface plasmon resonance were applied to detect binding. (R)-(+)-1,1′-Binaphthyl-2,2′-diol (R-BNOH) and (S)-(−)-1,1′-binaphthyl-2,2′-diol (S-BNOH) were used as model analytes. The artificial receptors were prepared by co-adsorption of 16-mercaptohexadecane (matrix) with a thiol-modified chiral selector (template). The conjugates of D,L-thioctic acid and (R)-(+)- or (S)-(−)-1,1′-binaphthyl-2,2′-diamine were used as templates. Different concentration ratios of the matrix and template were tested. No chiral selectivity of surfaces formed by either the matrix or the template alone was observed. The use of alkylthiols shorter than 16-mercaptohexadecane led to the formation of surfaces with no chiral selectivity. The gold electrodes coated by the spreader-bar technique displayed an enantioselectivity of up to 4.76 or up to 2.55 as measured by the capacitive and SPR methods, respectively.
Cooling electrons from 1 K to 400 mK with V-based nanorefrigerators
Creators: name: Quaranta, O.
name: Spathis, P.
name: Beltram, F.
name: Giazotto, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The fabrication and operation of V-based superconducting nanorefrigerators is reported. Specifically, electrons in an Al island are cooled thanks to hot-quasiparticle extraction provided by tunnel-coupled V electrodes. Electronic temperature reduction down to 400 mK starting from 1 K is demonstrated with a cooling power ~20 pW at 1 K for a junction area of 0.3 micron^2. The present architecture extends to higher temperatures refrigeration based on tunneling between superconductors and paves the way to the implementation of a multi-stage on-chip cooling scheme operating from above 1 K down to the mK regime.
description: 3+ pages, 4 color figures
An immunoprecipitation blocking assay for the analysis of EBV induced antigens
Creators: name: Bayliss, G. J.
name: Deby, G.
name: Wolf, Hans J.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1983
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin
subject: Antigens, Viral/analysis
subject: Fluorescent Antibody Technique
subject: Herpesvirus 4, Human/immunology
subject: Humans
subject: Immunologic Techniques
subject: Infectious Mononucleosis/immunology
subject: Molecular Weight
subject: Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms/immunology

description: A technique for the analysis of EBV antigens in extracts of unlabelled EBV infected cells has been developed. Using this technique we have demonstrated that the EBV early antigen complex consists of several proteins and is not completely expressed in chemically induced Raji cells. Studies with a range of sera from patients with infectious mononucleosis and nasopharyngeal carcinoma have shown that despite similar titers by the indirect fluorescent antibody test different populations of proteins were precipitated by different sera.
Modeling the kinetics of the zinc pressure leaching process - oxidative sphalerite leaching in sulphuric acid media
Creators: name: Dyson, Devy Alexander William
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: In the field of hydrometallurgy, the industrial uptake of leaching models has been overlooked partially due to the lack of universal models. A model developed for one plant cannot easily be transferred for the application of a different plant without redesigning the leaching kinetics in the code. The Multiple Convolution Integral (MCI)-based model developed in this thesis has the ability to be universally applied by user-controlled inputs. Chemical reactions can be selected while the modeling software calculates the mass and energy balances. Residence times, operating conditions, and the rate-limiting reagents can also be defined to calculate a precise fraction reacted (leach extent) for sulphide minerals. The ability of the using the MCI model for predicting sphalerite leaching is examined in comparison to hydrometallurgical plant data collected from a Canadian pressure leach operation. The results are promising, showing that the model can predict plant Zn extraction data to within an error of 1.5 %. The model is further verified through bench scale pressure leaching experiments where 94 % of the zinc is extracted within 90 minutes using a concentrate sample from the same industrial plant. The effect of temperature is analyzed and the activation energy is calculated to be 40.8 kJ/mol. Interesting discoveries with respect to the reagent concentrations and their effect on the overall fraction reacted are also explored from the model results. In addition, the limitations of the MCI model are explained along with suggestions for improvement.
Edge effects in graphene nanostructures: From multiple reflection expansion to density of states
Creators: name: Wurm, Jürgen
name: Richter, Klaus
name: Adagideli, İnanç
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: graphene, semiclassical physics, density of states, Green function
subject: 530 Physik
subject: 73.22.Pr, 73.22.Dj, 73.20.At, 03.65.Sq

description: We study the influence of different edge types on the electronic density of states of graphene nanostructures. To this end we develop an exact expansion for the single particle Green's function of ballistic graphene structures in terms of multiple reflections from the system boundary, that allows for a natural treatment of edge effects. We first apply this formalism to calculate the average density of states of graphene billiards. While the leading term in the corresponding Weyl expansion is proportional to the billiard area, we find that the contribution that usually scales with the total length of the system boundary differs significantly from what one finds in semiconductor-based, Schr\"odinger type billiards: The latter term vanishes for armchair and infinite mass edges and is proportional to the zigzag edge length, highlighting the prominent role of zigzag edges in graphene. We then compute analytical expressions for the density of states oscillations and energy levels within a trajectory based semiclassical approach. We derive a Dirac version of Gutzwiller's trace formula for classically chaotic graphene billiards and further obtain semiclassical trace formulae for the density of states oscillations in regular graphene cavities. We find that edge dependent interference of pseudospins in graphene crucially affects the quantum spectrum.
Engineered Bacteria Based Biosensors for Monitoring Bioavailable Heavy Metals
Creators: name: Leth, Suzanne
name: Maltoni, Susanna
name: Simkus, Remigijus
name: Mattiasson, Bo
name: Corbisier, Philippe
name: Klimant, Ingo
name: Wolfbeis, Otto S.
name: Csöregi, Elisabeth
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Genetically engineered Alcaligenes eutrophus, Bioluminescence, Biosensor, Optical fibers, Heavy metal ions
subject: 540 Chemie

description: This work presents an integrated analytical system based on immobilized engineered microorganisms and bioluminescence measurements for monitoring of bioavailable heavy metal ions (Cu being chosen as a model ion). A strain of microorganisms from Alcaligenes eutrophus (AE1239) was genetically engineered by inserting a luxCDABE operon from Vibrio fischeri under the control of a copper-induced promoter. As a result, copper ions induce bioluminescence, which is proportional to the concentration of the triggering ions, representing the basis of the design of the hereby described heavy metal biosensor. Microorganisms grown in two different media (Luria Broth and a modified mineral reconstitution medium/RM) were optimized and characterized in solution with regard to the influence of growth media and cell density in order to obtain optimal bioluminescent signals. Next, the microorganisms were immobilized in polymer matrices, compatible with fiber optics and were characterized with regard to sensitivity, selectivity, detection limit and storage stability. The lowest detection limit (1 µM) was achieved with microorganisms cultivated from glycerol stock solutions in the RM media and immobilized in a calcium alginate matrix.
Capacitive Creatinine Sensor Based on a Photografted Molecularly Imprinted Polymer
Creators: name: Panasyuk-Delaney, Tatiana
name: Mirsky, Vladimir M.
name: Wolfbeis, Otto S.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Capacitive sensor, Creatinine, Molecularly imprinted polymers, Chemical sensor, Photografted polymerization
subject: 540 Chemie

description: The first reversible chemosensor to creatinine based on artificial chemoreceptors is described. The receptor layer was prepared by molecularly imprinted photopolymerization of acrylamidomethylpropanesulfonic acid and methylenediacrylamide. The polymer layer was grafted onto the surface of gold electrodes coated with an alkanethiol monolayer. Creatinine binding was detected by a decrease in the electrode capacitance. The sensor response is reversible and highly selective: no response to addition of sodium chloride, creatine, urea or glucose were observed. The detection limit for creatinine is 10 µM which is optimal for medical applications.
Transcriptional regulation by the Hippo signaling pathway in the liver
Creators: name: Wang, Evan Yifan
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Development and maintenance of the hepatic phenotype is a tightly controlled process regulated by both master regulatory transcription factors and signaling pathways. Perturbations in these transcriptional networks are frequently seen in diseases such as liver cancer. The Hippo signaling pathway has been implicated in regulation of liver size and dysregulation of this pathway contributes to tumorigenesis. The primary mechanism of action of the Hippo pathway is to inhibit nuclear localization of the transcriptional co-regulator YAP, and thereby preventing YAP from binding to the TEAD family of transcription factors. Although it has been established that YAP plays a role in promoting cell proliferation, how it regulates its transcriptional targets in the liver have yet to be well-characterized. In this study, I show that YAP-overexpression in the adult mouse liver results in a shift from a mature hepatocyte to a hepatic progenitor-like gene expression pattern. Comparison of differentially expressed genes by RNA-seq revealed downregulation of hepatocyte metabolism genes and re-expression of hepatoblast genes, including Glypican-3 (Gpc3). Analysis of ChIP-seq data from both mouse liver and the human hepatoma cell line, HepG2, identified putative Gpc3 enhancers regulated by TEAD and HNF4a. I interrogated these regions using luciferase assays and identified important TEAD and HNF4a binding motifs necessary for transcriptional regulation. In addition, pathway analysis identified enrichment of the ERBB signaling pathway in the YAP-overexpressing liver. Examination of individual ERBB receptors identified upregulation of Her2 (Erbb2), which is normally enriched in hepatoblasts compared to hepatocytes. Analysis of HepG2 ChIP-seq data revealed a TEAD peak at the HER2 promoter. Using luciferase assays, I identified an important TEAD binding site contributing to transcriptional activity. Functionally, I found YAP to regulate EGF-induced HepG2 cell proliferation and PI3K-AKT signaling. This work explored novel mechanisms of gene regulation by YAP in the liver., I found that YAP activation results in re-expression of hepatic progenitor genes such as Gpc3 and Her2. Furthermore, I found the ERBB signaling pathway to be an important growth mediator downstream of YAP.
Three Essays in Industrial Organization
Creators: name: BISCEGLIA, Michele
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Bergamo
Year: 2021

description: This thesis contains three theoretical contributions in the field of industrial organization. The first chapter is concerned with the merger review process, and in particular with the role played by a professional advisor, who is hired by the merging parties to provide evidence about the efficiencies of the merger. It is shown that consumers are not necessarily better off when the advisor's contract is disclosed to the Antitrust Authority, due to a negative effect which hinges on a free-riding problem between advisor and authority in the information acquisition game, and is more relevant in highly competitive industries. The second chapter deals with the welfare effects of platform parity agreements, namely contractual provisions according to which a seller cannot charge different prices for the same product distributed through different platforms. The main result is that, differently from similar clauses examined in the available literature, in industries with a more complex vertical structure these provisions are likely to be pro-competitive even in the absence of efficiencies. Finally, a model of repeated adverse selection with spot contracts and persistent agents' type is considered in the third chapter, with the aim of investigating the impact of competition among managerial firms on the ratchet effect. Specifically, it is shown that, in a certain region of the parameters, it arises a new kind of semi-separating equilibrium, in which principals, as well as agents, randomize, the industry output is decreasing over time, and principals benefit from facing a more severe adverse selection problem.
Authority disrupted: the Catholic Church in the age of social media
Creators: name: Hine, Ann
Publisher: name: Macquarie University
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 399999
subject: Other education not elsewhere classified

description: This research investigates the ways that people using online and social media disrupt the Roman Catholic Church (Church) exercising universal moral authority in the globalised world. In discrete case studies, I analyse through a media ecology framework an historical cache of Church-related media in visual, spoken and written form. This analysis reveals why access to emergent technologies remains a critical component in retaining power and the capacity to exercise universal moral authority. It shows how for centuries, the Church accessed technologies which enabled it to effectively mediate Church teachings through a hierarchical, centralised, one-way communication process to its publics across the world. It discusses the 16th century disruption to Church authority when Martin Luther accessed emergent printing press technology to publicly challenge Church teachings, triggering the Protestant Reformation. This research demonstrates why the internet poses an even greater, ongoing disruption to Church authority than the printing press. Open access to internet technolog has enabled a democratisation of communication, dramatically shifting the power and authority levels between the Church and its publics. Communication has become two-way with the Church's publics now able to speak back to and about the Church. The case studies reveal how online and social media affordances enable a now global audience to increase exposure, transparency, identification and response capacity relating to systemic moral issues within the universal Church. Case studies also reveal further disruption to the Church exercising moral authority as some Church publics now access alternative sources of religion online and use social media platforms to engage in various rituals previously overseen by the Church. The dissertation concludes with ideas for future research. These include investigating how the two-way communication process with access to a global audience influences other aspects of authority in the globalised world including the role of civil laws within specific jurisdictions.
Spin squeezing of high-spin, spatially extended quantum fields
Creators: name: Sau, Jay D.
name: Leslie, S. R.
name: Cohen, Marvin L.
name: Stamper-Kurn, D. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Investigations of spin squeezing in ensembles of quantum particles have been limited primarily to a subspace of spin fluctuations and a single spatial mode in high-spin and spatially extended ensembles. Here, we show that a wider range of spin-squeezing is attainable in ensembles of high-spin atoms, characterized by sub-quantum-limited fluctuations in several independent planes of spin-fluctuation observables. Further, considering the quantum dynamics of an $f=1$ ferromagnetic spinor Bose-Einstein condensate, we demonstrate theoretically that a high degree of spin squeezing is attained in multiple spatial modes of a spatially extended quantum field, and that such squeezing can be extracted from spatially resolved measurements of magnetization and nematicity, i.e.\ the vector and quadrupole magnetic moments, of the quantum gas. Taking into account several experimental limitations, we predict that the variance of the atomic magnetization and nematicity may be reduced as far as 20 dB below the standard quantum limits.
description: 18 pages, 5 figures