cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The nineteen-vertex model and alternating sign matrices
Creators: name: Hagendorf, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that the transfer matrix of the inhomogeneous nineteen-vertex model with certain diagonal twisted boundary conditions possesses a simple eigenvalue. This is achieved through the identification of a simple and completely explicit solution of its Bethe equations. The corresponding eigenvector is computed by means of the algebraic Bethe ansatz, and both a simple component and its square norm are expressed in terms of the Izergin-Korepin determinant. In the homogeneous limit, the vector coincides with a supersymmetry singlet of the twisted spin-one XXZ chain. It is shown that in a natural polynomial normalisation scheme its square norm and the simple component coincide with generating functions for weighted enumeration of alternating sign matrices.
description: 28 pages, 6 figures; v2: corrected misprint in arXiv metadata (title); v3: revised version
Decoherence of an exchange qubit by hyperfine interaction
Creators: name: Hung, Jo-Tzu
name: Fei, Jianjia
name: Friesen, Mark
name: Hu, Xuedong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study three-electron-spin decoherence in a semiconductor triple quantum dot with a linear geometry. The three electron spins are coupled by exchange interactions J_{12} and J_{23}, and we clarify inhomogeneous and homogeneous dephasing dynamics for a logical qubit encoded in the (S=1/2,S_{z} =1/2) subspace. We first justify that qubit leakage via the fluctuating Overhauser field can be effectively suppressed by sufficiently large Zeeman and exchange splittings. For J_{12}=J_{23} and the case of J_{12} and J_{23} being different, we construct an effective pure dephasing Hamiltonian with the Zeeman splitting much larger than the exchange splitting. Both effective Hamiltonians have the same order of magnitude as that for a single-spin qubit, and the relevant dephasing time scales are of the same order as those for a single spin. We provide estimates of the dynamics of three-spin free induction decay, the decay of a Hahn spin echo, and the decay of echoes from a CPMG pulse sequence for GaAs quantum dots.
description: 15 pages, 8 figures
Investigating methods for inferring causality from observational data: an application to longitudinal cohort data
Creators: name: John, Eleanor R.
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2022
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: In health services research, it is vital to know whether an event, such as treatment or modifiable exposure, has a causal effect on the outcome in order to deliver the best treatments and health policy interventions to patients and the public. Due to limited evidence available from randomised controlled trials, policy makers are becoming increasingly reliant on supplementary information from observational data to evaluate the effectiveness of treatments and interventions. Several different methods have been used to derive causal estimates from observational studies including regression models, propensity score adjustment and instrumental variables. Each method requires different assumptions to be satisfied and it is often unclear which methods are the most appropriate for any given situation. Instrumental variable (IV) methods can, under certain assumptions, estimate causal effects even in the presence of unmeasured confounding. IV methods have been well developed for additive no-interaction models for continuous outcomes. The application of IV methods to binary and time-to-event outcomes is more problematic due to non-collapsibility of the relevant effect measures and there has been limited development of IV methods for time-to-event outcomes until recently. Over the last few years, there has been an increase in the availability of electronic health record data such as UK Biobank and Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD). These datasets will provide a huge resource of observational data. Therefore, guidance on the appropriate methods for analysing observational data is required for researchers to obtain reliable results from their analyses. The aim of this thesis is to obtain reliable treatment effect estimates from observational data. The focus is on time-to-event outcomes since causal methods have been less well developed in this area until recently. The relative performance of different causal methods will be assessed and the methods applied to an observational cohort of patients from CPRD.
FABACEAE AS AN ALTERNATIVE SOURCE OF PROTEIN IN THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUND FEEDS IN THE OPINION OF POULTRY PRODUCERS AND PIG PRODUCERS
Creators: name: MAGDALENA, ŚMIGLAK-KRAJEWSKA
name: MAGDALENA, ŚMIGLAK-KRAJEWSKA
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: protein feeds
subject: legumes
subject: soybean meal
subject: poultry producers
subject: pig producers

description: This article aims to assess the feasibility of using native legumes as alternative sources of protein in compound feeds by poultry producers and pig producers. Data to achieve this objective came from a direct survey conducted in 2018, with twenty-three poultry and pig producers. Measures of descriptive statistics were used in the calculations. The collected information was analyzed and then described using descriptive statistical methods. The research used statistical data collected in the databases of the Central Statistical Office and the databases of the Institute of Agricultural and Food Economics. The obtained results were illustrated using graphical methods of data presentation. The study reveals that the main obstacles to the use of native legumes in animal nutrition, in the opinion of pig producers and poultry producers, include the share of anti-nutrients, problems with digestibility of legumes, low protein content in seeds, problems with production technology and the higher cost of compound feeds.
A little quantum help for cosmic censorship and a step beyond all that
Creators: name: Pappas, Nikolaos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The hypothesis of cosmic censorship (CCH) plays a crucial role in classical general relativity, namely to ensure that naked singularities would never emerge, since it predicts that whenever a singularity is formed an event horizon would always develop around it as well, to prevent the former from interacting directly with the rest of the Universe. Should this not be so, naked singularities could eventually form, in which case phenomena beyond our understanding and ability to predict could occur, since at the vicinity of the singularity both predictability and determinism break down even at the classical (e.g. non-quantum) level. More than 40 years after it was proposed, the validity of the hypothesis remains an open question. We reconsider CCH in both its weak and strong version, concerning point-like singularities, with respect to the provisions of Heisenberg's uncertainty principle. We argue that the shielding of the singularities from observers at infinity by an event horizon is also quantum mechanically favored, but ultimately it seems more appropriate to accept that singularities never actually form in the usual sense, thus no naked singularity danger exists in the first place.
description: 6 pages, no figures, v2: 1 reference added, corrections regarding reference details included
A Complete HCN Survey of the Perseus Molecular Cloud
Creators: name: Dame, T. M.
name: Lada, Charles J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a survey of the Perseus molecular cloud in the J $=$ 1$\rightarrow$0 transition of HCN, a widely used tracer of dense molecular gas. The survey was conducted with the CfA 1.2 m telescope, which at 89 GHz has a beam width of 11' and a spectral resolution of 0.85 km s$^{-1}$. A total of 8.1 deg$^2$ was surveyed on a uniform 10' grid to a sensitivity of 14 mK per channel. The survey was compared with similar surveys of CO and dust in order to study and calibrate the HCN line as a dense gas tracer. We find the HCN emission to extend over a considerable fraction of the cloud. We show that the HCN intensity remains linear with H$_2$ column density well into the regime where the CO line saturates. We use radiative transfer modeling to show that this likely results from subthermal excitation of HCN in a cloud where the column and volume densities of H$_2$ are positively correlated. To match our HCN observations the model requires an exponential decrease in HCN abundance with increasing extinction, consistent with HCN depletion onto grains. The modeling also reveals that the mean volume density of H$_2$ in the HCN emitting regions is $\sim$ 10$^4$ cm$^{-3}$, well below the HCN critical density. For the first time, we obtain a direct measurement of the ratio of dense gas mass to HCN luminosity for an entire nearby molecular cloud: $α$(HCN) $=$ 92 M$_\odot$/(K km s$^{-1}$ pc$^2$).
description: 14 pages, 7 figures, Accepted for the Astrophysical Journal, Jan 16, 2023
Two-Loop QCD Corrections to Higgs $\rightarrow b + \bar{b} + g$ Amplitude
Creators: name: Ahmed, Taushif
name: Mahakhud, Maguni
name: Mathews, Prakash
name: Rana, Narayan
name: Ravindran, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Exclusive observables involving Higgs boson in association with jets are often well suited to study the Higgs boson properties. They are rates involving cuts on the final state jets or differential distributions of rapidity, transverse momentum of the observed Higgs boson. While they get dominant contributions from gluon initiated partonic subprocesses, it is important to include the subdominant ones coming from other channels. In this article, we study one such channel namely the Higgs production in association with a jet in bottom anti-bottom annihilation process. We compute relevant amplitude $H\rightarrow b+\overline b+g$ up to two loop level in QCD where Higgs couples to bottom quark through Yukawa coupling. We use projection operators to obtain the coefficients for each tensorial structure appearing in this process. We have demonstrated that the renormalized amplitudes do have the right infrared structure predicted by the QCD factorization in dimensional regularization. The finite parts of the one and two loop amplitudes are presented after subtracting the infrared poles using Catani's subtraction operators.
description: Published version; 25 pages, 2 figures; v2: analytically continued result added, typos are corrected
CRIRES$^{+}$ on sky at the ESO Very Large Telescope
Creators: name: Dorn, R. J.
name: Bristow, P.
name: Smoker, J. V.
name: Rodler, F.
name: Lavail, A.
name: Accardo, M.
name: Ancker, M. van den
name: Baade, D.
name: Baruffolo, A.
name: Courtney-Barrer, B.
name: Blanco, L.
name: Brucalassi, A.
name: Cumani, C.
name: Follert, R.
name: Haimerl, A.
name: Hatzes, A.
name: Haug, M.
name: Heiter, U.
name: Hinterschuster, R.
name: Hubin, N.
name: Ives, D. J.
name: Jung, Y.
name: Jones, M.
name: Kirchbauer, J-P.
name: Klein, B.
name: Kochukhov, O.
name: Korhonen, H. H.
name: Köhler, J.
name: Lizon, J-L.
name: Moins, C.
name: Molina-Conde, I.
name: Marquart, T.
name: Neeser, M.
name: Oliva, E.
name: Pallanca, L.
name: Pasquini, L.
name: Paufique, J.
name: Piskunov, N.
name: Reiners, A.
name: Schneller, D.
name: Schmutzer, R.
name: Seemann, U.
name: Slumstrup, D.
name: Smette, A.
name: Stegmeier, J.
name: Stempels, E.
name: Tordo, S.
name: Valenti, E.
name: Valenzuela, J. J.
name: Vernet, J.
name: Vinther, J.
name: Wehrhahn, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The CRyogenic InfraRed Echelle Spectrograph (CRIRES) Upgrade project CRIRES$^{+}$ extended the capabilities of CRIRES. It transformed this VLT instrument into a cross-dispersed spectrograph to increase the wavelength range that is covered simultaneously by up to a factor of ten. In addition, a new detector focal plane array of three Hawaii 2RG detectors with a 5.3 $μ$m cutoff wavelength replaced the existing detectors. Amongst many other improvements, a new spectropolarimetric unit was added and the calibration system has been enhanced. The instrument was installed at the VLT on Unit Telescope 3 at the beginning of 2020 and successfully commissioned and verified for science operations during 2021, partly remotely from Europe due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The instrument was subsequently offered to the community from October 2021 onwards. This article describes the performance and capabilities of the upgraded instrument and presents on sky results.
description: Accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics
Renormalization of anticrossings in interacting quantum wires with Rashba and Dresselhaus spin-orbit couplings
Creators: name: Meng, Tobias
name: Klinovaja, Jelena
name: Loss, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss how electron-electron interactions renormalize the spin-orbit induced anticrossings between different subbands in ballistic quantum wires. Depending on the ratio of spin-orbit coupling and subband spacing, electron-electron interactions can either increase or decrease anticrossing gaps. When the anticrossings are closing due to a special combination of Rashba and Dresselhaus spin-orbit couplings, their gap approaches zero as an interaction dependent power law of the spin-orbit couplings, which is a consequence of Luttinger liquid physics. Monitoring the closing of the anticrossings allows to directly measure the related renormalization group scaling dimension in an experiment. If a magnetic field is applied parallel to the spin-orbit coupling direction, the anticrossings experience different renormalizations. Since this difference is entirely rooted in electron-electron interactions, unequally large anticrossings also serve as a direct signature of Luttinger liquid physics. Electron-electron interactions furthermore increase the sensitivity of conductance measurements to the presence of anticrossing.
description: 12 Pages, 10 figures, final version
Medizinbibliotheken in Deutschland: Situation und Entwicklung
Creators: name: Knüttel, Helge
name: Semmler-Schmetz, Martina
name: Metzendorf, Maria-Inti
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Zugang zu Information; Deutschland, Gesundheitswesen; Bibliothekswesen; Medizinbibliothek; Bibliotheksdienste
subject: 020 Bibliotheks- und Informationswissenschaft

description: Dieser Artikel gibt einen Überblick über den Stand deutscher Medizinbibliotheken und ausgewählte Entwicklungen der Serviceleistungen, mit denen diese Forschung, Ausbildung und klinische Praxis unterstützen. Resultate einer Online-Umfrage und Aspekte des Zugangs zu Information werden mit Bezug zum deutschen Gesundheitswesen diskutiert. Ein wesentliches Hindernis für Fortschritt ist eine Trennung zwischen den Institutionen der Gesundheitsversorgung und der Wissenschaft. Neue Bibliotheksdienste werden zunehmend in Anspruch genommen.
Directly imaging damped Ly-alpha galaxies at z>2. II: Imaging and spectroscopic observations of 32 quasar fields
Creators: name: Fumagalli, Michele
name: O'Meara, John M.
name: Prochaska, J. Xavier
name: Kanekar, Nissim
name: Wolfe, Arthur M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Damped Ly-alpha absorbers (DLAs) are a well-studied class of absorption line systems, and yet the properties of their host galaxies remain largely unknown. To investigate the origin of these systems, we have conducted an imaging survey of 32 quasar fields with intervening DLAs between z~1.9-3.8, leveraging a technique that allows us to image galaxies at any small angular separation from the background quasars. In this paper, we present the properties of the targeted DLA sample, new imaging observations of the quasar fields, and the analysis of new and archival spectra of the background quasars.
description: 76 pages, 48 figures, 28 tables. To appear in MNRAS
Red Horizontal Branch stars: an asteroseismic perspective
Creators: name: Matteuzzi, Massimiliano
name: Montalbán, Josefina
name: Miglio, Andrea
name: Vrard, Mathieu
name: Casali, Giada
name: Stokholm, Amalie
name: Tailo, Marco
name: Ball, Warrick
name: van Rossem, Walter E.
name: Valentini, Marica
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Robust age estimates of red giant stars are now possible thanks to the precise inference of their mass based on asteroseismic constraints. However, there are cases where such age estimates can be highly precise yet very inaccurate. An example is giants that have undergone mass loss or mass transfer events that have significantly altered their mass. In this context, stars with "apparent" ages significantly higher than the age of the Universe are candidates as stripped stars, or stars that have lost more mass than expected, most likely via interaction with a companion star, or because of the poorly understood mass-loss mechanism along the red-giant branch. In this work we identify examples of such objects among red giants observed by $\textit{Kepler}$, both at low ([Fe/H] $ \lesssim -0.5$) and solar metallicity. By modelling their structure and pulsation spectra, we find a consistent picture confirming that these are indeed low-mass objects consisting of a He core of $\approx 0.5 \, M_\odot$ and an envelope of $\approx 0.1 - 0.2 \, M_\odot$. Moreover, we find that these stars are characterised by a rather extreme coupling ($q \gtrsim 0.4$) between the pressure-mode and gravity-mode cavities, i.e. much higher than the typical value for red clump stars, providing thus a direct seismic signature of their peculiar structure. The complex pulsation spectra of these objects, if observed with sufficient frequency resolution, hold detailed information about the structural properties of likely products of mass stripping, hence can potentially shed light on their formation mechanism. On the other hand, our tests highlight the difficulties associated with measuring reliably the large frequency separation, especially in shorter datasets, with impact on the reliability of the inferred masses and ages of low-mass Red Clump stars with e.g. K2 or TESS data.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A Letters
Carbon Monoxide Intensity Mapping at Moderate Redshifts
Creators: name: Breysse, Patrick C.
name: Kovetz, Ely D.
name: Kamionkowski, Marc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a study of the feasibility of an intensity-mapping survey targeting the 115 GHz CO(1-0) rotational transition at $z\sim3$. We consider four possible models and estimate the spatial and angular power spectra of CO fluctuations predicted by each of them. The frequency bandwidths of most proposed CO intensity mapping spectrographs are too small to use the Limber approximation to calculate the angular power spectrum, so we present an alternative method for calculating the angular power spectrum. The models we consider span two orders of magnitude in signal amplitude, so there is a significant amount of uncertainty in the theoretical predictions of this signal. We then consider a parameterized set of hypothetical spectrographs designed to measure this power spectrum and predict the signal-to-noise ratios expected under these models. With the spectrographs we consider we find that three of the four models give an SNR greater than 10 within one year of observation. We also study the effects on SNR of varying the parameters of the survey in order to demonstrate the importance of carefully considering survey parameters when planning such an experiment.
description: 7 pages, 8 fgures, published in MNRAS
Motion of a mirror under infinitely fluctuating quantum vacuum stress
Creators: name: Wang, Qingdi
name: Unruh, William G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The actual value of the quantum vacuum energy density is generally regarded as irrelevant in non-gravitational physics. However, this paper gives a non-gravitational system where this value does have physical significance. The system is a mirror with an internal degree of freedom which interacts with a scalar field. We find that the force exerted on the mirror by the field vacuum undergoes wild fluctuations with a magnitude proportional to the value of the vacuum energy density, which is mathematically infinite. This infinite fluctuating force gives infinite instantaneous acceleration of the mirror. We show that this infinite fluctuating force and infinite instantaneous acceleration make sense because they will not result in infinite fluctuation of the mirror's position. On the contrary, the mirror's fluctuating motion will be confined in a small region due to two special properties of the quantum vacuum: (1) the vacuum friction which resists the mirror's motion and (2) the strong anti-correlation of vacuum fluctuations which constantly changes the direction of the mirror's infinite instantaneous acceleration and thus cancels the effect of infinities to make the fluctuation of the mirror's position finite.
description: 18pages, 6 figures
Vacancy dynamics in niobium and its native oxides and their potential implications for quantum computing and superconducting accelerators
Creators: name: Wenskat, Marc
name: Cizek, Jakub
name: Liedke, M. Oskar
name: Butterling, Maik
name: Stiehl, Martin
name: Semione, Guilherme
name: Backes, Constanze
name: Bate, Christopher
name: Melikhova, Oksana
name: Hirschmann, Eric
name: Wagner, Andreas
name: Weise, Hans
name: Stierle, Andreas
name: Aeschlimann, Martin
name: Hillert, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 530
subject: computer, quantum
subject: accelerator, superconductivity
subject: decoherence, time
subject: photon, lifetime
subject: cavity
subject: temperature
subject: surface
subject: niobium
subject: qubit
subject: performance
subject: structure

description: In recent years, superconducting radio-frequency (SRF) cavities have been considered as candidates for qubits in quantum computing, showing longer photon lifetimes and, therefore, longer decoherence times of a cavity stored qubit compared to many other realizations. In modern particle accelerators, SRF cavities are the workhorse. Continuous research and development efforts are being undertaken to improve their properties, i.e., to increase the accelerating field and lower the surface resistance, which in turn increase the energy reach and duty cycle of accelerators. While some experimental milestones have been achieved, the mechanisms behind the still observed losses remain not fully understood. In this contribution we are going to show that a recently reported temperature treatment of Nb SRF cavities in the temperature range of 573–673 K, which reduces the residual surface resistance to unprecedented values, is linked to a reorganization of the niobium oxide and near-surface vacancy structure and that this reorganization can explain the observed improved performance in both applications, quantum computing and SRF cavities.
Trialogische Forschung im Kontext sozialpsychiatrischer Praxis
Creators: name: Pomowski, Kristin
Publisher: name: Universität Rostock
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 300 Social sciences

description: Die sozialwissenschaftliche Arbeit macht eine sogenannte trialogische Forschung zum Gegenstand ihrer Betrachtung. Es wurde eine trialogische Forschungsgruppe gegründet. Der Forschungsansatz basiert auf dem Verständnis der partizipativen Sozialforschung. Der Verlauf der trialogischen Forschung wurde mit Hilfe der Grounded Theory analysiert. Ergebnis: die Forschungsgruppe war an allen Phasen der Forschung beteiligt, und alle drei beteiligten Perspektiven haben weitestgehend Berücksichtigung gefunden. Es gab wesentliche Einflussfaktoren im Hinblick auf Partizipation und Gleichberechtigung.
Mapping of strained graphene into one-dimensional Hamiltonians: quasicrystals and modulated crystals
Creators: name: Naumis, Gerardo G.
name: Roman-Taboada, Pedro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The electronic properties of graphene under any arbitrary uniaxial strain field are obtained by an exact mapping of the corresponding tight-binding Hamiltonian into an effective one-dimensional modulated chain. For a periodic modulation, the system displays a rich behavior, including quasicrystals and modulated crystals with a complex spectrum, gaps at the Fermi energy and interesting localization properties. These features are explained by the incommensurate or commensurate nature of the potential, which leads to a dense filling of the reciprocal space in the former case. Thus, the usual perturbation theory approach breaks down in some cases, as is proved by analyzing a special momentum that uncouples the model into dimers.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Optimierung der Glioblastoma multiforme in vitro Kulturbedingungen zur Erhaltung der EGFR-Amplifikation
Creators: name: Mokri, Poroshista
Publisher: name: Universität Rostock
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 570 Life science
subject: 610 Medical sciences Medicine

description: EGFR-Amplifikation in Glioblastoma multiforme geht mit erhöhter Malignität des Tumors einher. Ziel dieser Arbeit war daher die Identifikation von In-vitro-Zellkulturbedingungen, die die Erhaltung der Amplifikation ermöglichen. Um dies zu erreichen, wurden serumfreie Zellkulturen mit verschiedenen Mengen EGF kultiviert. Dabei stellte sich heraus, dass die EGFR-Amplifikation im serumfreien Medium mit geringer EGF-Konzentration erhalten bleibt und von dieser abhängig ist. Dementsprechend lässt sich die EGFR-Amplifikation durch Änderung der Ligandenkonzentration regulieren.
Финансово—экономический журнал,Выпуск 15 МКАП 2022
Creators: name: ООО "Институт развития образования и консалтинга"
Publisher: name: ООО "Институт развития образования и консалтинга"
Year: 2022

description: Финансово—экономический журнал,Выпуск 15 МКАП 2022
JWST/MIRI Spectroscopy of the Disk of the Young Eruptive Star EX Lup in Quiescence
Creators: name: Kóspál, Ágnes
name: Ábrahám, Péter
name: Diehl, Lindsey
name: Banzatti, Andrea
name: Bouwman, Jeroen
name: Chen, Lei
name: de Miera, Fernando Cruz-Sáenz
name: Green, Joel D.
name: Henning, Thomas
name: Rab, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: EX Lup is a low-mass pre-main sequence star that occasionally shows accretion-related outbursts. Here, we present JWST/MIRI medium resolution spectroscopy obtained for EX Lup fourteen years after its powerful outburst. EX Lup is now in quiescence and displays a Class II spectrum. We detect a forest of emission lines from molecules previously identified in infrared spectra of classical T Tauri disks: H2O, OH, H2, HCN, C2H2, and CO2. The detection of organic molecules demonstrates that they are back after disappearing during the large outburst. Spectral lines from water and OH are for the first time de-blended and will provide a much improved characterization of their distribution and density in the inner disk. The spectrum also shows broad emission bands from warm, sub-micron size amorphous silicate grains at 10 and 18 um. During the outburst, in 2008, crystalline forsterite grains were annealed in the inner disk within 1 au, but their spectral signatures in the 10 um silicate band later disappeared. With JWST we re-discovered these crystals via their 19.0, 20.0, and 23.5 um emission, whose strength implies that the particles are at ~3 au from the star. This suggests that crystalline grains formed in 2008 were transported outwards and now approach the water snowline, where they may be incorporated into planetesimals. Containing several key tracers of planetesimal and planet formation, EX Lup is an ideal laboratory to study the effects of variable luminosity on the planet-forming material and may provide explanation for the observed high crystalline fraction in solar system comets.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in ApJL. JWST/MIRI spectrum is available for download at https://tinyurl.com/spexodisksJWST
COSMOS2020: Discovery of a protocluster of massive quiescent galaxies at $z=2.77$
Creators: name: Ito, Kei
name: Tanaka, Masayuki
name: Valentino, Francesco
name: Toft, Sune
name: Brammer, Gabriel
name: Gould, Katriona M. L.
name: Ilbert, Olivier
name: Kashikawa, Nobunari
name: Kubo, Mariko
name: Liang, Yongming
name: McCracken, Henry J.
name: Weaver, John R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Protoclusters of galaxies have been found in the last quarter century. However, most of them have been found through the overdensity of star-forming galaxies, and there had been no known structures identified by multiple spectroscopically confirmed quiescent galaxies at $z>2.5$. In this letter, we report the discovery of an overdense structure of massive quiescent galaxies with the spectroscopic redshift $z=2.77$ in the COSMOS field, QO-1000. We first photometrically identify this structure as a $4.2σ$ overdensity with 14 quiescent galaxies in $7\times4\ {\rm pMpc^2}$ from the COSMOS2020 catalog. We then securely confirm the spectroscopic redshifts of 4 quiescent galaxies by detecting multiple Balmer absorption lines with Keck/MOSFIRE. All the spectroscopically confirmed members are massive ($\log{(M_\star/M_\odot)}>11.0$) and located in a narrow redshift range ($2.7668$ times denser than in the general field. In addition, we confirm that they form a red sequence in the $J-K_s$ color. This structure's halo mass is estimated as $\log{(M_{\rm halo}/M_\odot)}>13.2$ from their stellar mass. Similar structures found in the IllustrisTNG simulation are expected to evolve into massive galaxy clusters with $\log{(M_{\rm halo}/M_\odot)}\geq14.8$ at $z=0$. These results suggest that QO-1000 is a more mature protocluster than the other known protoclusters. It is likely in a transition phase between the star-forming protoclusters and the quenched galaxy clusters.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures, 1 table, accepted for publication in ApJL
Vergleich von Belastungsfaktoren bei Angstpatienten in verschiedenen zahnmedizinischen Behandlungssituationen anhand subjektiver, psychobiologischer und physiologischer Stressparameter
Creators: name: Bach, Dajana
Publisher: name: Universität Rostock
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 150 Psychology
subject: 610 Medical sciences Medicine

description: Über die Hälfte der Bevölkerung gibt ein Angstgefühl beim Zahnarztbesuch an. Um diese zu differenzieren, wurden in dieser Studie die objektiven Stressparameter Speichelcortisol, Puls und Blutzucker zur Hilfe genommen. Des Weiteren wurden die objektiven Stressparameter mit dem gleichzeitig erhobenen Dental Anxity Scale Fragebogen verglichen.
Data from: Fossil endocarps of Menispermaceae from the late Paleocene of Paris Basin, France
Creators: name: Kara, Eliise
name: Bardin, Jérémie
name: De Franceschi, Dario
name: Del Rio, Cédric
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Paleocene
Menispermaceae
Paleobotany
Taxonomy
Biogeography

description: Menispermaceae are an angiosperm family of mostly climbing plants distributed throughout tropical regions. The fruits in this family have a strong sclerified endocarp and can be used for reliable species-level identifications, even in a fossilized form. New Paleocene-age menispermaceous endocarps have recently been discovered in South America and Asia, while in Europe, they are mostly found in the Eocene. This paper focuses on the study of fossil endocarps belonging to Menispermaceae, found in the Petit-Pâtis locality (Rivecourt, France), which is one of the few Paleocene localities in Europe. The locality is dated to the late Paleocene (57–56 Ma) and the fossils represent flora and fauna in the Paris Basin before the onset of the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum. Lignitised fossils were photographed and their morphology was analyzed using computed tomography, scanning electron microscope, and geometric morphometric analysis. The analysis of thirty-six fossils belonging to Menispermaceae revealed that three genera (Stephania, Palaeosinomenium, Tinospora) were present in the Late Paleocene of Paris Basin. Differences in internal morphology and a more inflated endocarp base led to a description of a new fossil species – Palaeosinomenium oisensis sp. nov. The occurrence of these genera in the Paleocene of France is consistent with the suggestions that megathermal flora was present in the Paris Basin before the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum. These three genera are currently the oldest occurrences in Europe, highlighting the connection between paleofloras of the Americas, Europe, and Asia in the Paleocene.
Long-term optical variability of the Be/X-ray binary GRO J2058+42
Creators: name: Reig, P.
name: Tzouvanou, A.
name: Blinov, D.
name: Pantoulas, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the long-term optical variability of the Be/X-ray binary GRO J2058+42 and the possible connection with periods of enhanced X-ray activity. We performed an optical spectroscopic and photometric analysis on data collected during about 18 years. We also present the first optical polarimetric observations of this source. The long-term optical light curves in the $BVRI$ bands and the evolution of the H$α$ equivalent width display a sinusoidal pattern with maxima and minima that repeat every $\sim$9.5 years. The amplitude of this variability increases as the wavelength increases. The H$α$ equivalent width varied from about $-0.3$ to $-15$ Å. We found a significant decrease in the polarization degree during the low optical state. The optical maxima occur near periods of enhanced X-ray activity and are followed by a drop in the optical emission. Unlike many other Be/X-ray binaries, GRO 2058+42 does not display $V/R$ variability. The long-term optical variability agrees with the standard model of a Be/X-ray binary, where the circumstellar disk of the Be star grows and dissipates on timescales of 9--10 years. We find that the dissipation of the disk started after a major X-ray outburst. However, the stability of the H$α$ line shape as a double-peak profile and the lack of asymmetries suggest the absence of a warped disk and argue against the presence of a highly distorted disk during major X-ray outbursts.
Cube-Cut: Vertebral Body Segmentation in MRI-Data through Cubic-Shaped Divergences
Creators: name: Schwarzenberg, Robert
name: Freisleben, Bernd
name: Nimsky, Christopher
name: Egger, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this article, we present a graph-based method using a cubic template for volumetric segmentation of vertebrae in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) acquisitions. The user can define the degree of deviation from a regular cube via a smoothness value Delta. The Cube-Cut algorithm generates a directed graph with two terminal nodes (s-t-network), where the nodes of the graph correspond to a cubic-shaped subset of the image's voxels. The weightings of the graph's terminal edges, which connect every node with a virtual source s or a virtual sink t, represent the affinity of a voxel to the vertebra (source) and to the background (sink). Furthermore, a set of infinite weighted and non-terminal edges implements the smoothness term. After graph construction, a minimal s-t-cut is calculated within polynomial computation time, which splits the nodes into two disjoint units. Subsequently, the segmentation result is determined out of the source-set. A quantitative evaluation of a C++ implementation of the algorithm resulted in an average Dice Similarity Coefficient (DSC) of 81.33% and a running time of less than a minute.
description: 23 figures, 2 tables, 43 references, PLoS ONE 9(4): e93389
Performance Evaluation of Priority Queues for Fine-Grained Parallel Tasks on GPUs
Creators: name: Baudis, Nikolai
name: Jacob, Florian
name: Andelfinger, Philipp
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2017

description: Graphics processing units (GPUs) are increasingly applied to accelerate tasks such as graph problems and discreteevent simulation that are characterized by irregularity, i.e., a strong dependence of the control flow and memory accesses on the input. The core data structure in many of these irregular tasks are priority queues that guide the progress of the computations and which can easily become the bottleneck of an application. To our knowledge, currently no systematic comparison of priority queue implementations on GPUs exists in the literature. We close this gap by a performance evaluation of GPU-based priority queue implementations for two applications: discrete-event simulation and parallel A* path searches on grids. We focus on scenarios requiring large numbers of priority queues holding up to a few thousand items each. We present performance measurements covering linear queue designs, implicit binary heaps, splay trees, and a GPU-specific proposal from the literature. The measurement results show that up to about 500 items per queue, circular buffers frequently outperform tree-based queues for the considered applications, particularly under a simple parallelization of individual item enqueue operations. We analyze profiling metrics to explore classical queue designs in light of the importance of high hardware utilization as well as homogeneous computations and memory accesses across GPU threads.
Quantitative spectroscopy of late O-type main-sequence stars with a hybrid non-LTE method
Creators: name: Aschenbrenner, Patrick
name: Przybilla, Norbert
name: Butler, Keith
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. Late O-type stars at luminosities $\log L/L_\odot \lesssim 5.2$ show weak winds with mass-loss rates lower than 10$^{-8} M_\odot$ yr$^{-1}$. This implies that their photospheric layers are not strongly affected by the stellar wind. Aims. A hybrid non-local thermodynamic equilibrium (non-LTE) approach is tested for analyses of late O-type stars. A sample of 20 mostly sharp-lined Galactic O stars of spectral types O8 to O9.7 and luminosity classes V and IV, previously studied in the literature using full non-LTE model atmospheres, is investigated. Methods. Hydrostatic plane-parallel atmospheric structures and synthetic spectra computed with Kurucz's Atlas12 code together with non-LTE line-formation codes Detail and Surface, which account for the effects of turbulent pressure on the atmosphere, were employed. High-resolution spectra were analysed to derive atmospheric parameters and elemental abundances. Fundamental stellar parameters were derived by considering stellar evolution tracks and Gaia EDR3 parallaxes. Interstellar reddening was characterised by fitting spectral energy distributions from the UV to the mid-IR. Results. A high precision and accuracy is achieved for all derived parameters for 16 sample stars. Turbulent pressure effects turn out have significant effects. Effective temperatures are determined to 1-3% uncertainty levels, surface gravities to 0.05 to 0.10 dex, masses to better than 8%, radii to better than 10%, and luminosities to better than 20% uncertainty typically. Abundances for C, N, O, Ne, Mg, Al, Si are derived with uncertainties of 0.05 to 0.10 dex and for helium within 0.03 to 0.05 dex (1$σ$ standard deviations) in general. Distances to the Lac OB1b association and to the open clusters NGC 2244, IC 1805, NGC 457, and IC 1396 are determined as a byproduct.
description: 31 pages, 23 figures, Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Monophoton signals in light gravitino production at $e^+e^-$ colliders
Creators: name: Mawatari, Kentarou
name: Oexl, Bettina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit the monophoton plus missing energy signature at $e^+e^-$ colliders in supersymmetric (SUSY) models where the gravitino is very light. There are two possible processes which provide the signal: gravitino pair production and associated gravitino production with a neutralino, leading the monophoton final state via an additional photon radiation and via the neutralino decay, respectively. By using the superspace formalism, we construct a model that allows us to study the parameter space for the both processes. We show that the signal cross section and the photon spectra provide information on the masses of the SUSY particles as well as the SUSY breaking scale.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures, 3 tables; v2: some issues clarified, fig.3, eq.24 and references added, version accepted by EPJC
Tracking von Objektgruppen und ausgedehnten Zielobjekten
Creators: name: Feldmann, Michael
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2019

description: In dieser Arbeit wird ein Tracking-Verfahren vorgestellt, das sowohl eine Objektgruppe als auch ein ausgedehntes Objekt in einer einheitlichen Zielspur abbilden kann. Die geschätzte Zielspur besteht aus dem kinematischen Schwerpunkt und dem räumlichen Ausmaß des Zielobjektes, wobei die Ausdehnung – auch die einer Objektgruppe – durch ein Ellipsoid modelliert wird. Mathematisch wird diese Ausdehnung durch eine Zustandsmatrix beschrieben. Deshalb ergeben sich multivariate Matrixverteilungen im statistischen Schätzproblem. Die Ausdehnung selbst wird aus den verrauschten Sensordaten geschätzt, wobei lediglich gewöhnliche Sensormessungen – etwa Positionsmessungen – zur Verfügung stehen, die keine direkte Information über die Objektausdehnung beinhalten.
Blue-Cloud D5.4 Communication, Dissemination & Stakeholders Engagement Final Report, including events
Creators: name: Drago, Federico
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Dissemination
Events
KER
Outreach
Promotion

description: The main goal of the Communication, Dissemination & Stakeholder Engagement activities carried out under Blue-Cloud's WP5 was to raise awareness of, disseminate, and facilitate early adoption of the Blue-Cloud assets, including Key Exploitable Results (KERs), among target stakeholder groups. 
The Blue-Cloud "D5.4 Communication, Dissemination & Stakeholders Engagement Final Report, including events" reports on the activities and achievements of the project from M19 (April 2021) to M42 (March 2023), building on the "D5.2 Communication, Dissemination & Stakeholders Engagement Interim Report", which covered efforts from the project start up to M18 (March 2021). 
The main focus of the project during the M19-M42 reported period was to consolidate stakeholder engagement for each target group by disseminating the project's KERs towards promoting uptake and wider exploitation. Aside from the dissemination of technical results, this period was also dedicated to further promoting dialogue and engagement with key stakeholder communities towards the Blue-Cloud Roadmap to 2030, which produced policy recommendations for the further evolution of Blue-Cloud into the decade. 
The document is divided in specific sections, listing the key activities and achievements: 
Section 1 introduces the current Blue-Cloud community 
Section 2 gives an overview of the specific actions undertaken to promote Blue-Cloud KERs and key assets to target stakeholder groups; 
Section 3 lists the main communication activities carried out in M19-M41; 
Section 4 provides an overview of Blue-Cloud presence at events organised by the project or third-party events, along with other initiatives; 
Section 5 is dedicated to the synergies established with different, related initiatives and projects; 
Section 6 briefly explains how the COVID-19 pandemic impacted the project and the contingency plans implemented; 
Section 7 lists a quick overview of the Key Performance Indicators achieved by M41; 
Section 8 summarises and offers an overall conclusion.
HARPS-N high spectral resolution observations of Cepheids II. The impact of the surface-brightness color relation on the Baade-Wesselink projection factor of eta Aql
Creators: name: Nardetto, N.
name: Gieren, W.
name: Storm, J.
name: Hocde, V.
name: Pietrzynski, G.
name: Kervella, P.
name: Merand, A.
name: Gallenne, A.
name: Graczyk, D.
name: Pilecki, B.
name: Poretti, E.
name: Rainer, M.
name: Zgirski, B.
name: Wielgorski, P.
name: Hajdu, G.
name: Gorski, M.
name: Karczmarek, P.
name: Narloch, W.
name: Taormina, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Baade-Wesselink (BW) method of distance determination of Cepheids is used to calibrate the distance scale. Various versions of this method are mainly based on interferometry and/or the surface-brightness color relation (SBCR). We quantify the impact of the SBCR, its slope, and its zeropoint on the projection factor. This quantity is used to convert the pulsation velocity into the radial velocity in the BW method. We also study the impact of extinction and of a potential circumstellar environment on the projection factor. We analyzed HARPS-N spectra of eta Aql to derive its radial velocity curve using different methods. We then applied the inverse BW method using various SBCRs in the literature in order to derive the BW projection factor. We find that the choice of the SBCR is critical: a scatter of about 8% is found in the projection factor for different SBCRs in the literature. The uncertainty on the coefficients of the SBCR affects the statistical precision of the projection factor only little (1-2\%). Confirming previous studies, we find that the method with which the radial velocity curve is derived is also critical, with a potential difference on the projection factor of 9%. An increase of 0.1 in E(B-V) translates into a decrease in the projection factor of 3%. A 0.1 magnitude effect of a circumstellar envelope (CSE) in the visible domain is rather small on the projection factor, about 1.5%. However, we find that a 0.1 mag infrared excess in the K band due to a CSE can increase the projection factor by about 6%. The impact of the surface-brightness color relation on the BW projection factor is found to be critical. Efforts should be devoted in the future to improve the SBCR of Cepheids empirically, but also theoretically, taking their CSE into account as well.
description: Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics