Brachysomus Yunakov, 2022, s. str.
Creators: name: Yunakov, Nikolai
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: Brachysomus s. str.: B. echinatus group   
 1. Base of rostrum anteriorly of eyes slightly convex. Epifrons sharply narrowed from base to the middle (Fig. 71, 73)...... 13   
 - Base of rostrum anteriorly of eyes flat. Epifrons parallel-sided or only slightly narrowed from base to the middle (Fig. 89, 91)................................................................................................... 2   
 2. Head and pronotum covered with long erect setae, ≥ 0.5 transversal diameter of eye (to be examined in lateral aspect, Fig. 88). Erect setae on elytra significantly longer than interstrial width............................... B. echinatus (Bonsdorff)   
 - Head and pronotum covered with short erect setae, ≤ 0.3 transversal diameter of eye (to be examined in lateral aspect, Figs. 76, 82). Erect setae on elytra shorter than or as long as interstrial width.............................................. 3   
 3. Vestiture dense, scales round or ovate..................................................................... 4   
 - Vestiture very sparse, scales lanceolate or narrow-ovate....................................................... 8   
 4. Epifrons with median longitudinal sulcus, separated from vertex by slight transverse depression..... B. strawinskii Cmoluch   
 - Epifrons flat, without median longitudinal sulcus, not separated from vertex by transverse depression.................. 5   
 5. Elytra with unclear brown spotty pattern. Erect setae 3x–5x shorter than width of interstriae......................... 6   
 - Elytra without traces of spotty pattern. Erect setae as long as or 2x shorter than width of interstriae..................... 7   
 6. Antennae thin, scape sharply widened in distal 1/3, 2nd funicular antennomere 2x as long as wide, 3rd–7th funicular antennomeres as long as wide, club elongate spindle-shaped. Eyes strongly convex.......... B. lituratus (Stierlin) comb. n.   
 - Antennae thick, scape evenly widened distally, 2nd funicular antennomere as long as wide, 3rd–7th funicular antennomeres transverse, club elongate egg-shaped. Eyes slightly convex........................................................................................................................................... B. ornatus Stierlin   
 7. Scales at body round and very dense. Elytra globose or ovate. Rostrum shorter than wide...........................14.   
 - Scales at body ovate or lanceolate and sparse. Elytra oblong-ovate to ovate. Rostrum longer than wide or as long as wide.................................................................................. B. hispidus (Redtenbacher)   
 8. Setae as long as width of elytral interstriae. Apex of median lobe obtuse, short...................... B. slovacicus Košťál   
 - Setae shorter than width of elytral interstriae. Apex of median lobe acute, elongate................................. 9   
 9. Setae on elytra in males almost recumbent, in females erect; their length 1/3 of width of the interstriae. Scales and setae lanceolate. 5th ventrite sharply depressed, with posterior margin emarginate...................... B. rokosensis Benedikt   
 - Setae on elytra slightly erect, their length 1/2–2/3 width of elytral interstriae. Scales lanceolate or ovate, distinctly narrower than spatulate setae. 5th ventrite either flat or slightly depressed, with posterior margin straight....................... 10   
 10. Apex of median lobe at dorsal side dentate (Fig. 187A). Epifrons evenly narrowed from anterior margin of eyes to apex. Interstriae with scale-like, elongate setae. Setae at elytra parallel-sided, as wide as scales. Male 5th ventrite with depression near apex............................................................................... B. dispar Penecke   
 - Apex of median lobe not dentate at dorsal side. Epifrons from middle to apex essentially parallel-sided but with convex lateral margins. Elytral setae spatulate, wider than scales. Male 5th ventrite without depression near apex.................... 11   
 11. Male 8 th tergite without tubercle-shaped process. Median lobe narrow, 7.6x longer than wide (including apodemes)....... 12   
 - Male 8 th tergite with tubercle-shaped process (Fig. 187I). Median lobe broad, 5.7x longer than wide (including apodemes)........................................................................................ B. kratkyi Białooki   
 12. Elytra wider (EL/EW = in males 1.4–1.5 and 1.2–1.3 in females). Ventral outline of median lobe in lateral view not sinuate. Apex of median lobe moderately bent upwards, concavely tapered (Fig. 186A)..................... B. subnudus Seidlitz   
 - Elytra narrower (EL/EW = in male 1.5–1.6, in females 1.3–1.4). Ventral outline of median lobe in lateral view moderately sinuate. Apex of median lobe not bent upwards, slightly convex, tapered (Fig. 188E)............... B. bohemicus Benedikt   
 13. Body sparsely covered with narrow scales, which incompletely cover the integument. Lateral margins of epifrons convex. Epifrons without median depression. Interstriae of elytra with spatulate erect setae.Antennal scape sharply curved. 2nd funicular antennomere as long as wide (Fig. 71).................................................... B. styriacus Formánek   
 - Body densely covered with ovate scales, which almost fully cover the integument. Lateral margins of epifrons straight. Epifrons with shallow median depression. Interstriae of elytra with narrow, parallel-sided, erect setae.Antennal scape evenly curved. 2nd funicular antennomere longer than wide (Fig. 73)............................................ B. frivaldszkyi Reitter   
 14. Median lobe acute (Fig. 184G)............................................................. B. fremuthi Košťál   
 - Median lobe attenuate (Fig. 184A)...................................................... B. turpificatus Białooki   
  Species groups of subgenus Hippomias Yunakov    
 1. In lateral view, eyes situated distinctly lower than level of vertex (Fig. 66). Epifrons narrowed apically or parallel-sided, flat or weakly convex, separated from vertex by weak transverse depression or without transverse depression. Tegmen with reduced paramera. Endophallus with single small distal endophallic sclerite.............................................. 2   
 - In lateral view, eyes situated near level of vertex (Fig 129). Epifrons widened apically, strongly longitudinally convex, separated from vertex by strong transverse depression. Tegmen with distinctly developed paramera (Fig. 212D). Endophallus with proximal and distal endophallic sclerites (Figs 212A–C)................................ B. rhinomioides Košťál   
 2. Head, pronotum and interstiae of elytra concealed with round scales. If scales lanceolate, then rostrum sparsely scaled and epifrons with narrow, sharp median longitudinal sulcus. Distribution: Balkan Peninsula, Asia Minor....... B. ponticus group   
 - Body including head covered but not fully concealed with lanceolate scales. Epifrons without sharp median longitudinal sulcus.............................................................................................. 3   
 3. Eyes larger and weakly convex. Longitudinal diameter of eyes equals 1/3-1/2 of width of the vertex between eyes........ 5   
 - Eyes smaller and strongly convex. Longitudinal diameter of eyes equals 1/4–1/3 of width of the vertex between eyes............................................................................................. B. sulcatus group   
 5. Species from the Carpathians and Balkan Peninsula....................................... B. transsylvanicus group   
 - Species from Western Caucasus........................................................... B. kubanensis group
description: Published as part of Yunakov, Nikolai, 2022, A review of the genus Brachysomus Schoenherr (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Entiminae), pp. 1-165 in Zootaxa 5193 (1) on pages 17-18, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5193.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/7144389