cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Increasing the reuse of wood in bulky waste using artificial intelligence and imaging in the VIS, IR, and terahertz ranges
Creators: name: Roming, Lukas
name: Gruna, Robin
name: Aderhold, Jochen
name: Schlüter, Friedrich
name: Čibiraitė-Lukenskienė, Dovilė
name: Gundacker, Dominik
name: Friederich, Fabian
name: Bihler, Manuel
name: Heizmann, Michael
Publisher: name: KIT Scientific Publishing
Year: 2023
Subjects: Material characterization
waste wood
bulky waste

description: Bulky waste contains valuable raw materials, especially wood, which accounts for around 50% of the volume. Sorting is very time-consuming in view of the volume and variety of bulky waste and is often still done manually. Therefore, only about half of the available wood is used as a material, while the rest is burned with unsorted waste. In order to improve the material recycling of wood from bulky waste, the project ASKIVIT aims to develop a solution for the automated sorting of bulky waste. For that, a multi-sensor approach is proposed including: (i) Conventional imaging in the visible spectral range; (ii) Near-infrared hyperspectral imaging; (iii) Active heat flow thermography; (iv) Terahertz imaging. This paper presents a demonstrator used to obtain images with the aforementioned sensors. Differences between the imaging systems are discussed and promising results on common problems like painted materials or black plastic are presented. Besides that, pre-examinations show the importance of near-infrared hyperspectral imaging for the characterization of bulky waste.
Living Document II: International literature and Belgian mental health (care) data
Creators: name: Van Hoof, Elke
name: De Laet, Hannah
name: Loix, Ellen
name: Philips, Evelien
name: Snoeck, Sylvia
name: Van den Cruyce, Nele
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: Covid-19 has had a big impact on many aspects of our life including mental health. Since the start of the pandemic, a whole body of research has been performed on the relation between covid-19 and mental health (care). The mental health (care) working group of the Superior Health Council has performed a systematic review of national and international peer reviewed studies to generate recommendations to policy makers and the general public. In the first advisory report, published in May 2020, the focus was put on international literature about contagious outbreaks, given the fact that not many covid-19 studies were published yet. The literature was then discussed within a multidisciplinary expert group and transformed into policy advice. This advice can be found here: https://www.health.belgium.be/en/report-9589-mental-health-and-covid-19
 In a second advice, an update of the literature review was performed, focusing specifically on peer reviewed literature about covid-19. In this update, predominantly, studies about the first wave of the pandemic were analyzed and transformed into policy advice. Within this living document the findings from the national and international peer-reviewed literature review will be linked to the findings stemming from the data in the Belgian Mental Health (Care) Data Repository (cf. living document I) in order to permit contextualization and/or translation to the Belgian context, whenever necessary, or to further validate the international research findings. This document will be updated regularly, on a weekly basis to begin with.
description: Working group mental health & covid-19 within the Superior Health Council
title: The Mystical Union of Infant Baptism: How Baptists Contributed to the Idea of Race by Their Rejection of Infant Baptism
Creators: name: Jones, Isaiah E.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2015

description: In the first three centuries CE, the sacrament of baptism proved to be a universal tool which united people beyond age, race, or ethnicity as we understand it today. To put it simply, the theological meaning of baptism was reinforced by the sacrament of infant baptism. That is to say that the Christian faith was for all, irrespective of one’s race, age, or social-status. This openness to Christianity changed in the early modern period. In the seventeenth century the Baptists rejected infant baptism, for a more rational faith based on Enlightenment and Romantic assumptions. What the Baptists did not realize was just how embedded the social, political, economic, and other forms of human meaning and understanding were rooted in the sacrament of infant baptism. This thesis is an intellectual and social history on how Baptists contributed to the idea of race in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries by their rejection of infant baptism. By the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries Southern Baptists created a theology that supported racial superiority in North America. Once radical Protestant groups such as the Baptists rejected the inclusive baptismal theology of Irenaeus Lyon and Origen of Alexandria by leaving the Church of England, the incarnational and communal elements that once united Christianity would lead to racial divisions within Christian denominations in the modern period. Consequently, by rejecting the classical understanding of baptism-salvation, many Baptists looked elsewhere than baptism or religion for their identity and now looked to novel notions of species and race. These innovative explanations of identity outside of baptism led to racial superiority within North American Christendom in the eighteenth and nineteenth century. For the purpose of this study, I shall look at second century CE theologians Irenaeus of Lyons (130-202 CE) and Origen of Alexandria (184-254 CE) and compare their thoughts to the theological interpretation of John Smyth of Nottinghamshire (1570-1612 CE), and how his theological approach indirectly contributed to the idea of racial superiority (i.e. skin color) within early North American Christendom.
title: Linking Form and Process in Braided Rivers Using Physical and Numerical Models
Creators: name: Kasprak, Alan
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2015

description: Braided channels arise due to high sediment availability in conjunction with regular competent flows and readily erodible banks. Together, these boundary conditions lead to the deposition and reworking of a network of transient bars that characterize the braided planform. However, quantifying the geomorphic response of braided systems to alterations in these boundary conditions is not straightforward, as channels adjust over a wide range of timescales, rendering traditional field-based observation intractable. As such, the development of simple yet robust relationships between channel morphology and sediment transport has the potential to allow predictions of channel response to altered hydrologic or sediment regimes. In this research, I first use laboratory flume experiments to relate particle travel distance during floods (termed particle path length) and the spacing of channel bars in braided rivers (Chapter 2), finding that deposition sites for sediment in transport can be readily predicted by the characteristic confluence-diffluence spacing in a reach. I then use the relationship between path length and channel morphology to build a simple, open-source morphodynamic model for braided rivers that computes sediment transport using path-length distributions derived from bar spacing (Chapter 3). I explore the validity of this model, specifically noting that its modular framework allows exploration of process representations in morphodynamic modeling in ways existing models do not. Finally, I employ the model to determine the role of sediment supply in braided channel bar morphodynamics (Chapter 4). Specifically, I address the relative roles of sediment sourced from upstream versus sediment sourced from within a braided reach in terms of channel morphodynamics at decadal timescales. This research demonstrates that simple scaling relationships, while necessarily imperfect, nevertheless provide insight into morphodynamic processes in braided rivers, while also allowing predictions of channel response to sediment or hydrologic forcing at the timescales of channel adjustment.
title: History of the Church College of Hawaii 1955-1960
Creators: name: Olson, Ralph Dallas
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1961

description: From the Mormon point of view, ignorance is a sin. Mormons believe that their very salvation is dependent upon the development of their mental and spiritual powers, as evidenced from the two following, typical statements from Mormon sacred literature: "The glory of God is intelligence;" "It is impossible for man to be saved in ignorance."
Changes in the autumn precipitation and tropical cyclone activityover Central Vietnam and its East Sea
Creators: Wang, S.-Y. Simon
Promchote, Parichart
Truong, Luu Hong
Buckley, Brendan M.
Li, Rong
Gillies, Robert
Trung, Nguyen Tran Quoc
Guan, Biin
Minh, Ton That
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: Climate change mitigation
Typhoons
Climatic changes

description: One of the largest concerns about climate change in Vietnam is an increase in the frequency of extreme weather events as well as the rising sea level [Neil Adger, 1999; Koetse and Rietveld, 2009], both of which may lead to loss of life and property. The recent devastation in the Philippines by the Super Typhoon Haiyan in November 2013 demonstrated the type of extreme events that Vietnam might encounter in its coastal regions: i.e. widespread flooding, extremely high winds, and storm surges – these being compounded by the rising sea level. This situation poses a significant threat to the lives, properties, and ecosystems in Central Vietnam during its peak typhoon season from October to November. Recent research [Murakami et al., 2011; Chen, J et al., 2012; Yang et al., 2012] has found that late-summer typhoons initiated between Vietnam and the Philippines have become increasingly frequent since 1995, and the amount of rain associated with typhoons may also increase due to increasing sea surface temperature (SST) supplying more moisture and heat into the air. Since over two thirds of the October-November typhoons that affect Vietnam develop west of the Philippines [Chen, J et al., 2012], their increased frequency and intensity is of grave concern. Various international organizations have identified Central Vietnam as one of the most vulnerable places facing significant socioeconomic impacts of climate change [McElwee, 2012]. According to the WWF-Indochina Programme [WorldBank, 2001], Central Vietnam belongs to the globally significant landscapes where a great majority of endemic species is potentially at severe risk in the short term, and at high risk in the long term. However, most climate change-related studies for Vietnam have been limited to social science and human perception, while the physical mechanisms and their impacts have received little attention [Buckley et al., 2014]. With this paper we provide a climate diagnostic analysis of central Vietnam’s precipitation regime change and tropical cyclone characteristics, followed by discussion of potential consequences and best practices that may help this vulnerable region adapt to potentially damaging changes in the regional climate.
Sons of Mars and the heirs of Prometheus – the conquest of the heavens: war and technology An interpretative essay on Plate C of the Mnemosyne Atlas
Creators: name: Seminario Mnemosyne; Thomson, Elizabeth
Publisher: name: La Rivista di Engramma
Year: 2017
Subjects: Warburg
Mnemosyne Atlas
Plate C

description: The essay focuses on Plate C of the Mnemosyne Atlas.
Bias and Modality in Conditionals: Experimental Evidence and Theoretical Implications
Creators: name: Liu, Mingya
name: Rotter, Stephanie
name: Giannakidou, Anastasia
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Bias
subject: Modal verb
subject: Adverb
subject: Conditional connective
subject: Questions
subject: Conditionals
subject: Experiment
subject: German
subject: 400 Sprache

description: The concept of bias is familiar to linguists primarily from the literature on questions. Following the work of Giannakidou and Mari (Truth and Veridicality in Grammar and Thought: Modality, Mood, and Propositional Attitudes, University of Chicago Press, Chicago, 2021), we assume “nonveridical equilibrium” (implying that p and ¬p as equal possibilities) to be the default for epistemic modals, questions and conditionals. The equilibrium of conditionals, as that of questions, can be manipulated to produce bias (i.e., reduced or higher speaker commitment). In this paper, we focus on three kinds of modal elements in German that create bias in conditionals and questions: the adverb wirklich ‘really’, the modal verb sollte ‘should’, and conditional connectives such as falls ‘if/in case’. We conducted two experiments collecting participants’ inference about speaker commitment in different manipulations, Experiment 1 on sollte/wirklich in ob-questions and wenn-conditionals, and Experiment 2 on sollte/wirklich in wenn/falls/V1-conditionals. Our findings are that both ob-questions and falls-conditionals express reduced speaker commitment about the modified (antecedent) proposition in comparison to wenn-conditionals, which did not differ from V1-conditionals. In addition, sollte/wirklich in the antecedent of conditionals both create negative bias about the antecedent proposition. Our studies are among the first that deal with bias in conditionals (in comparison to questions) and contribute to furthering our understanding of bias.
Decoherence in a double-slit quantum eraser
Creators: name: Torres-Ruiz, F. A.
name: Lima, G.
name: Delgado, A.
name: Pádua, S.
name: Saavedra, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study and experimentally implement a double-slit quantum eraser in the presence of a controlled decoherence mechanism. A two-photon state, produced in a spontaneous parametric down conversion process, is prepared in a maximally entangled polarization state. A birefringent double-slit is illuminated by one of the down-converted photons, and it acts as a single-photon two-qubits controlled not gate that couples the polarization with the transversal momentum of these photons. The other photon, that acts as a which-path marker, is sent through a Mach-Zehnder-like interferometer. When the interferometer is partially unbalanced, it behaves as a controlled source of decoherence for polarization states of down-converted photons. We show the transition from wave-like to particle-like behavior of the signal photons crossing the double-slit as a function of the decoherence parameter, which depends on the length path difference at the interferometer.
description: Accepted in Physical Review A
“Scrivere significa costruire il linguaggio, non spiegarlo” La manovalanza di Adriano Spatola verso una poesia totale
Creators: name: Cavatorta, Giuseppe
Publisher: name: La Rivista di Engramma
Year: 2017
Subjects: Poesia verbovisionaria
AvantGarde
Adriano Spatola
Total poetry

description: Adriano Spatola has been one of the major players of the neo-experimental milieu that first gathered around the journal il Verri, and whose members, after 1969, pursued different paths to continue their literary experimentations. In a period in which poetry saw the possibility to expand its boundaries beyond the written word, Spatola is one of the few who tried to broaden the spectrum of his investigations with continuity, mainly in the areas of concrete, visual, and sound poetry. The essay Scrivere significa costruire il linguaggio, non spiegarlo: la manovalanza di Adriano Spatola verso una poesia totale [To Write Means to Construct Language, Not to Explain It: Adriano Spatola’s Labor Towards a Total Poetry] aims at identifying a common denominator that is able to link together Spatola’s linear works and his concrete, visual, and sound experimentations. Based on textual analysis, Cavatorta suggests that all of his work can be seen as a progressive descent into the reduction of language that culminates, with his sound poetry, in the disappearance of the linguistic sign.
title: Investigation of Sugar/Polyols as Weakly Interacting Cosolvents and their Influence on Hardening of High-Protein Nutrition Bars
Creators: name: Hassan, Sami Kadhim
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2015

description: High-protein nutrition (HPN) bars (≥ 30% protein) have limited shelf life and become excessively hard during storage. Various mechanisms have been proposed to explain the hardening. The objectives of this research were to investigate the chemistry of HPN bar hardening and propose solutions for slowing it and improving bar texture.
In phase 1, HPN bars were made containing 34% whey protein isolate (WPI) or milk protein concentrate (MPC) powder, along with either sorbitol syrup or glycerol, and vegetable shortening or cocoa butter. Substituting MPC for WPI made the bars brittle and crumbly. Using glycerol initially made bars softer but accelerated hardening. Cocoa butter increased bar hardness because of its higher solid to liquid content. Most water (~99%) in HPN bars made using sorbitol syrup is present as bound water, with ~0.9% as intermediate water and ~0.1% as bulk water. During storage bound water increased ~0.02 g/100 g of solids while intermediate water decreased, suggesting changes in state of water taking place at protein surfaces. During storage, there were changes in protein conformation indicated by an increase (~4°C) in heat denaturation temperature of β-lactoglobulin and α-lactalbumin and a 15 to 40% decrease in denaturation enthalpy.
In phase 2, various bar formulations were tested involving different proportions of proteins, lactose, glycerol, and sorbitol syrup, as well as type of lipid component, and disulfide bonds inhibition. Decreases in bar hardening occurred when MPC and WPI and sorbitol syrup and glycerol were used in combination.
In phase 3, HPN bars made with 38% protein powder as a 50:50 combinations of WPI and MPC and with 20% of sorbitol syrup substituted with glycerol, had good texture and minimal hardening during storage. Bar hardening was not caused by phase separation of protein and sorbitol, Maillard browning, or formation of inter-molecular disulfide bonds. Minimizing bar hardening requires prevention of entropy-induced protein aggregation by masking hydrophobic regions on protein surfaces and preventing formation of extended protein networks. It is proposed that preferential exclusion of cosolvents causes glycerol to be oriented at protein surfaces such that its carbon backbone masks hydrophobic regions thus avoiding a decrease in entropy of water molecules. (229 pages)
An investigation of the ridge function as a pattern descriptor for character recognition
Creators: name: Brown, Lachlan Hugh Thomas
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The problem of character recognition is used as a vehicle for an investigation of the properties of a particular descriptor of planar patterns. The descriptor arises in the work of Connor [4] on the activity of photosensitive receptors connected in a lateral inhibitory network. It results from a mapping of the planar pattern into a periodic function of one variable. The function is found to be a general descriptor of pattern contour which denotes extrema in contour curvature and is independent of pattern orientation. Based on conjectures regarding human perception of the elements of a pattern set representing alphabetic characters, a recognition machine based on a sequential decision strategy is developed and implemented. Results of the application of the strategy to a mixed-font environment show the pattern descriptor to be capable of high recognition rates. However, these anticipated results may be obtained only through the modification of the current operating system. A number of such changes are proposed and their probable effects discussed.
Leaky Membrane Dynamics
Creators: name: Shaw, Robert S.
name: Packard, Norman H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Subcellular Processes (q-bio.SC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: A concentration difference of particles across a membrane perforated by pores will induce a diffusive flux. If the diffusing objects are of the same length scale as the the pores, diffusion may not be simple, objects can move into the pore in a configuration that requires them to back up in order to continue forward. A configuration that blocks flow through the pore may be statistically preferred, an attracting metastable state of the system. This effect is purely kinetic, and not dependent on potentials, friction or dissipation. We discuss several geometries which generate this effect, and introduce a heuristic model which captures the qualitative features.
description: 4 pages, contains responses to referees
Inverse spectral problem for analytic $(Z/2Z)^n$-symmetric domains in $R^n$
Creators: name: Hezari, Hamid
name: Zelditch, Steve
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper we show that bounded analytic domains in $\R^n$ with mirror symmetries across all coordinate axes are spectrally determined among other such domains. Our approach builds on finding concrete formulas for the wave invariants at a bouncing ball orbit. The wave invariants are calculated from a stationary phase expansion applied to a well-constructed microlocal parametrix for the trace of the resolvent.
description: 29 pages; some typos corrected and references added
title: Essays on model risk of continuous-time finance models
Creators: name: Qi, Shuyuan
Publisher: name: University of Reading
Year: 2021

description: Measuring model risk is required by regulators on financial and insurance markets.
We first investigate the model risk for liquid products. We separate model risk into
parameter estimation risk and model specification risk, and we propose expected
shortfall type model risk measures applied to L´evy jump models and affine jump-diffusion models. We investigate the impact of parameter estimation risk and
model specification risk on the models’ ability to capture the joint dynamics of
stock and option prices. We estimate the parameters using Markov chain Monte
Carlo techniques, under the risk-neutral probability measure and the real-world
probability measure jointly. We find strong evidence supporting modeling of price
jumps.
We then turn our focus to model risk for illiquid products. We propose a
methodology to measure the parameter estimation risk and model specification
risk of pricing models, as well as model selection risk of model classes, based on
realized payoffs, for products in the over-the-counter market. L´evy jump models
and affine jump-diffusion models are applied in estimating the fair variance strikes of variance swaps and forward starting option prices. Our results show that both
parameter estimation risk and model specification risk are significant for variance
swaps, while model specification risk is dominant when pricing forward starting
options. We also find that the size of the model selection risk is substantial for
both products.
We further study the forward-looking market risk premium (FMRP) and its
economic implications. The FMRP is a function of investors’ risk aversion and
forward-looking volatility, skewness, and kurtosis of cumulative returns. Using
the S&P 500 index returns and VIX, we estimate the monthly FMRP from 1999
to 2020. We find that the FMRP estimated from the stochastic volatility model
with a mean-reversion variance process adequately reflects market conditions and
is always positive. We also find that the FMRP is significantly positively linked
to the future market sentiment and is significantly negatively linked to the future
growth of real economic activity proxies. Moreover, the market excess returns
increase with FMRP in a bull market and decrease with FMRP in a bear market,
implying that investors can only receive compensation for tolerating extra risk
when the market is bullish.
Facilitating and Improving Environmental Research Data Repository Interoperability
Creators: name: Smith, Colin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: A Presentation delivered at the Fall AGU 2018 Meeting Abstract: Data repositories provide much needed services for data preservation and dissemination to diverse communities with domain specific or programmatic needs and standards. The effectiveness and efficiency of these services can vastly improve if repositories work together on the implementation of agreed upon standards and best practices. Such a community platform drives forward the convergence of technologies and practices that will advance cross-domain interoperability. We offer ten specific suggestions for standardization that align with (and reinforce) the criteria already put forth by certification bodies, journals, and the principles of the “Enabling FAIR Data” project. The suggestions are loosely categorized into technical interoperability and the repository’s reinforcement of the curation effort in its community. They cover a wide swath of recommendations: common identifiers and vocabularies mean that repositories will be able to enhance discoverability; common authentication, API design and data packaging schemes allow adoption of linked data techniques and distributed software development; and a common pattern of community engagement allows separation of data curation from storage and delivery, which will improve efficiency, while simultaneously endorsing and building the expertise of domain data curators.
description: Funding: NSF DBI-1629233, NSF DBI-1565103, DBI-1931143, and NSF DBI-1931174
BRST symmetry vs. Horizon condition in Yang-Mills theories
Creators: name: Burgio, G.
name: Quandt, M.
name: Reinhardt, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that in SU(2) Yang-Mills theories a simple relation exists between lattice gluon propagators in Coulomb and Landau gauge and discuss the physical implications of such result. In particular, the realization of the Gribov-Zwanziger confinement mechanism in Coulomb gauge, linked to dual-superconductivity, would imply that the standard BRST charge must be ill defined non perturbatively. As a consequence, the Kugo-Ojima confinement criterion, which relies on BRST charge conservation beyond perturbation theory, would not be fulfilled.
description: 18 pages, 5 figures. Some sections have been extended and references have been added. To appear in PRD.
title: Hole‐doped high entropy ferrites: Structure and charge compensation mechanisms in (Gd₀.₂La₀.₂Nd₀.₂Sm₀.₂Y₀.₂)₁₋ₓCaₓFeO₃
Creators: name: Eiselt, Luis
name: Kruk, Robert
name: Hahn, Horst
name: Sarkar, Abhishek
Publisher: name: Wiley-Blackwell
Year: 2023

description: High entropy oxides (HEOs) can be defined as single‐phase oxide solid solutions with five or more cations in near equiatomic proportion occupying a given cation sub‐lattice. The compositional flexibility while retaining the phase purity can be considered one of the major strengths of this materials class. Taking advantage of this aspect, here we explore the extent to which an aliovalent hole dopant can be incorporated into a perovskite‐HEO system. Nine systems, (Gd₀.₂La₀.₂Nd₀.₂Sm₀.₂Y₀.₂)₁₋ₓCaₓFeO₃, with varying amount of Ca content (x = 0–.5) are synthesized using nebulized spray pyrolysis. Single‐phase orthorhombic (Pbnm) structure can be retained up to 20% of Ca doping. Beyond 20% of Ca, a secondary rhombohedral (R‐3c) phase emerges. The ⁵⁷Fe Mössbauer spectra indicate that charge compensation occurs only via oxygen vacancy formation in the single‐phase systems containing up to 15% of Ca. In addition, partial transition from Fe³⁺ to Fe⁴⁺ occurs in the 20% Ca‐doped case. Room temperature Mössbauer spectroscopy further reflects the coexistence of multiple magnetic phases in crystallographic single‐phase (Gd₀.₂La₀.₂Nd₀.₂Sm₀.₂Y₀.₂)₁₋ₓCaₓFeO₃, which is supported by magnetometry measurements. These initial results show the potential of charge doping to tune structural–magneto–electronic properties in compositionally complex HEOs, warranting further research in this direction.
A Note on Temperature and Energy of 4-dimensional Black Holes from Entropic Force
Creators: name: Liu, Yu-Xiao
name: Wang, Yong-Qiang
name: Wei, Shao-Wen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the temperature and energy on holographic screens for 4-dimensional black holes with the entropic force idea proposed by Verlinde. We find that the "Unruh-Verlinde temperature" is equal to the Hawking temperature on the horizon and can be considered as a generalized Hawking temperature on the holographic screen outside the horizons. The energy on the holographic screen is not the black hole mass $M$ but the reduced mass $M_0$, which is related to the black hole parameters. With the replacement of the black hole mass $M$ by the reduced mass $M_0$, the entropic force can be written as $F=\frac{GmM_0}{r^2}$, which could be tested by experiments.
description: V4: 13 pages, 4 figures, title changed, discussions for experiments added, accepted by CQG
title: Effects of Differential Rates of Alternative Reinforcement on Resurgence of Human Behavior: A Translational Model of Relapse in the Anxiety Disorders
Creators: name: Smith, Brooke M.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2015

description: Behavioral and cognitive-behavioral psychotherapies utilizing exposure are considered the gold standard in anxiety disorder treatments. Despite their success, relapse remains problematic, especially over long-term follow up periods. Basic researchers traditionally conceptualize the mechanism of exposure as Pavlovian extinction, but this may overlook the important role of operant processes in the treatment and relapse of anxiety. Resurgence, in which a previously extinguished behavior returns following the extinction of another behavior that has replaced it, is a promising model of operant relapse. Nonhuman research on resurgence has shown that, while higher rates of alternative reinforcement result in faster and more comprehensive extinction of target behavior, they also result in greater resurgence. This somewhat paradoxical finding could have important implications for clinicians treating anxiety, as higher rates of alternative reinforcement may have the unintended side effect of producing greater relapse of avoidance if access to positive reinforcement later becomes unavailable. The current study took a translational approach to investigating the effects of rich and lean rates of alternative reinforcement on extinction and magnitude of resurgence in typically developing humans using a computerized task. Three groups (Rich, n = 18; Lean, n = 18; Control, n = 10) underwent acquisition of a target response. Target responding was then placed on extinction while varying rates of reinforcement for an alternative behavior were delivered. Resurgence was assessed under extinction conditions for all groups. Results indicated that the rich rate of alternative reinforcement facilitated extinction while the lean rate ultimately had a detrimental effect on extinction. Within groups, Rich and Lean experienced significant resurgence, while Control did not. Effect sizes were large. Between groups, Rich resurged more than Lean and Control. Effect sizes were again large. There was no significant difference in resurgence between Lean and Control. Implications for the treatment of anxiety disorders and future research directions are discussed.
Coherent streamflow variability in Monsoon Asia over the past eight centuries—links to oceanic drivers
Creators: Nguyen, Hung T. T.
Turner, Sean W. D.
Buckley, Brendan M.
Galelli, Stefano
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Streamflow
Streamflow--Models
Teleconnections (Climatology)
Paleoclimatology
Hydrology
Climatic changes

description: Ten of the world's biggest rivers are located entirely within the Asian Monsoon region. They provide water, energy, and food for 1.7 billion people. To manage these critical resources, we need a better understanding of river discharge—how does it change over a long time? Are there common variation patterns among rivers? To answer these questions, we use information derived from tree rings to reconstruct average annual river discharge history at 62 gauges in 16 Asian countries. Our reconstruction reveals the riparian footprint of megadroughts and large volcanic eruptions over the past eight centuries. We show that simultaneous droughts and pluvials have often occurred at adjacent river basins in the past, because Asian rivers share common influences from the Pacific, Indian, and Atlantic Oceans. We also show how these oceanic teleconnections change over space and time. Our findings can inform big decisions made on water-dependent infrastructure, thus benefiting the riparian people of the Asian Monsoon region.
title: Relationships Between Water Developments and Select Mammals on the U.S. Army Dugway Proving Ground, Utah
Creators: name: Kluever, Bryan M.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2015

description: Water is essential to life. Three general forms of water exist: pre-formed water that is available in food, metabolic water that is created as a byproduct of life processes (e.g., metabolism of fat or breakdown of carbohydrates), and free water (i.e., water available for drinking). As humans settle arid environments, the addition of man-made free water sources (e.g., sewage ponds, catchment ponds) often occurs. In addition, a tool commonly used to increase the abundance or distribution of wildlife species in desert environments is the addition of water sources, usually specifically designed to benefit game species like bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis), mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus), and chukar partridge (Alectoris chukar). In recent decades, some scientists have argued that adding water sources to deserts may have little to no effect on desert species because they are adapted to living in desert conditions, and have thus evolved to obtain their water needs in preformed and/or metabolic form. Scientists have also suggested that adding water sources to desert environments may actually harm some individual species and alter the arraignments of groups of similarly related species, known as communities. I conducted four studies at the U.S. Army Dugway Proving Ground to determine if man-made water sources have an influence on the rodent community, jackrabbits, and the canid community at the U.S. Army Dugway Proving Ground, Utah. I found that turning off water sources had no effect on abundance of rodent communities or jackrabbits. I found that a portion of coyotes used water sources and coyotes were only slightly less common near water sources once they were turned off. In addition, a portion of coyotes rarely or never drink from water sources and that coyotes did not leave their territories if water sources accessible to them were turned off. My final study revealed that turning off water sources did not influence kit fox survival or abundance, and that kit fox territories differed from areas associated with water sources in several key environmental characterizes, which may suggest that areas associated with water sources were not historically used by kit foxes. In summary, these findings suggest that water developments have little impact on the species that I studied.
“Il gesto era un fatto pensoso” Villa, l’arte, la scrittura
Creators: name: Fracassa, Ugo
Publisher: name: La Rivista di Engramma
Year: 2017
Subjects: Emilio Villa
Art criticism
Gesto

description: In light of recent discoveries in the field of Experimental Aesthetics, the article proposes a tendentious reading of a few pages by Emilio Villa, as a critic of Art in comparison with his poetry and with certain visual and concrete outcomes of his poetic experience. Nowadays, some experiments about visual perception conceived as an ‘embodied simulation’ seem to validate the insights of Villa’s Art criticism in retrospect.
Geology of Mount Kobau
Creators: name: Okulitch, Andrew Vladimir
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Rocks of the Kobau Group occur between the Okanagan and Similkameen Valleys in southern British Columbia and northern Washington. The Group consists of quartzite, phyllite, greenstone and minor limestone deposited within a synorogenic, eugeosynclinal environment in pre-Cretaceous, possibly post-Devonian, time. Intrusion and extrusion of basic igneous rocks accompanied deposition. The observed succession has been divided into nine units with total original thickness under 5,000 feet. Earliest recognized deformation of the Group formed tight recumbent folds with easterly trending axes. Transposition of compositional layering to foliation and extensive shearing occurred at this time and was accompanied by regional dynamothermal metamorphism which attained the middle subfacies of the greenschist facies. Later (second phase) deformation produced overturned and normal folds with steep axial planes and south-easterly trending axes, and refolded early recumbent structures. Several quartz latite dykes cut the Group during or shortly after late folding. Emplacement of granitic and dioritic stocks with radiometric ages of 144 x 10⁶ years or less followed second phase folding. Contact metamorphic zones of varying extent are present around larger intrusive bodies and attain the hornblende-hornfels facies. A latest (third) phase of deformation about poorly defined northerly trending axes may be related to this intrusive episode. A number of dacite and basalt dykes intruded both stock and country rocks. Extensive fracturing during Tertiary time broke preexisting structures into numerous blocks and wedges. Fractures parallel axial planes of early and late folds as well as faults in the Okanagan Valley. Relationships between the Kobau Group and rocks in adjacent areas are unknown. The Group possesses lithologic and structural similarities to parts of the Shuswap Complex and may share some of the complex's history. Part of the southerly adjacent Anarchist Group may be correlative with the Kobau Group.
Fundamental delay bounds in peer-to-peer chunk-based real-time streaming systems
Creators: name: Bianchi, Giuseppe
name: Melazzi, Nicola Blefari
name: Bracciale, Lorenzo
name: Piccolo, Francesca Lo
name: Salsano, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Performance (cs.PF)
subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper addresses the following foundational question: what is the maximum theoretical delay performance achievable by an overlay peer-to-peer streaming system where the streamed content is subdivided into chunks? As shown in this paper, when posed for chunk-based systems, and as a consequence of the store-and-forward way in which chunks are delivered across the network, this question has a fundamentally different answer with respect to the case of systems where the streamed content is distributed through one or more flows (sub-streams). To circumvent the complexity emerging when directly dealing with delay, we express performance in term of a convenient metric, called "stream diffusion metric". We show that it is directly related to the end-to-end minimum delay achievable in a P2P streaming network. In a homogeneous scenario, we derive a performance bound for such metric, and we show how this bound relates to two fundamental parameters: the upload bandwidth available at each node, and the number of neighbors a node may deliver chunks to. In this bound, k-step Fibonacci sequences do emerge, and appear to set the fundamental laws that characterize the optimal operation of chunk-based systems.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
title: The Effect of Climate and Spittlebug (Aeneolamia albofasciata) on Buffelgrass (Cenchrus ciliaris L.) Productivity in the Sonoran Desert
Creators: name: Martin-Rivera, Martha H.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1994

description: I conducted field studies during 1984-1988 to determine how (1) precipitation amount and distribution affect buffelgrass [Cenchrus ciliaris L. (Link) l productivity, (2) summer rainfall amount and distribution and temperature influenced the spittlebug (Aeneolamia albofasciata Lalleman) life cycle, and (3) summer burning affects spittlebug densities and buffelgrass productivity.
Experiment I was conducted from 1985 through 1988. Forage samples collected at 15 -day intervals were separated into live, recent-dead standing, old-dead standing, and litter. There was a positive relationship between the summer precipitation and the live biomass. Recent-dead standing and old-dead standing decomposed during the summer, fall, or spring.
Experiment II was conducted during summers of 1984, 1985, and 1986. studied climatic effects on spittlebug life cycle and monitored nymph and adult populations. Egg hatch occurred after accumulative summer precipitation exceeded 50 mm. Five nymphal stages were completed in an average of 27 days and the life cycle averaged 43 days.
Experiment III was conducted during the summer of 1985 and 1986. Four burning treatments were applied at different stages within the spittlebug life cycle. Burning should be conducted as buffelgrass initiates summer growth, and between the second and third nymphal stages. Burns conducted before plant growth and during rapid growth damaged the plant , and insect control was inconsistent.
My studies will help ranchers in northwestern Mexico, south Texas, and northeast Mexico effectively manage buffelgrass pastures. Forage accumulation and decomposition cycles can be used to adjust stocking rates, and knowledge of the insect life cycle and plant productivity can be used to maximize insect control and minimize adverse effect on plant productivity.
Nella fucina dei Tarocchi Nuovi percorsi inediti del labirinto villiano
Creators: name: Battilocchi, Bianca
Publisher: name: La Rivista di Engramma
Year: 2017
Subjects: Emilio Villa
Tarots

description: This essay aims at interpreting, for the first time, a group of unpublished texts dedicated to the Tarot cards by the poet, art critic, and translator Emilio Villa. The Italian “neo avant-gardist” (1914- 2003) often took inspiration for his poetic projects from esoteric traditions. He was an author of visual poetry, an acute critic of international contemporary art, and a talent scout. His interdisciplinary and extensive production is increasingly more studied in Italy and abroad, and consists in a huge amount of poems, translations (the Odyssey and the Bible to name the most relevant), and artist reviews (from Alberto Burri to Mark Rothko). His 1950s interest for the Arcana was stimulated by his Italian friend, the painter Corrado Cagli. From then, Villa developed an attraction for the card game that led to different artistic projects in the 1950s and in the 1980s. The material examined here consists of a selection from handwritten texts taken from one of the author’s Italian archives, and counts about two hundred poems in draft form, including a notebook detailing the author’s literary aims. The Tarot collection represents an example of Villa's mature innovative style, and provides an opportunity to investigate his creation of a new poetic language, one which is so far removed from mundane communication.
title: Where Language Touches the Earth: Folklore and Ecology in Tohono O'odham Plant Emergence Narratives
Creators: name: Hughes, Jennifer L.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1996

description: The historical and ecological relationships between the Tohono O'odham and the Sonoran desert landscape are expressed in the stories they tell. The Tohono O'odham have lived in the deserts of southwestern Arizona and northern Mexico for centuries, interacting with their environment and gaining intimate knowledge of desert botanical communities. Many of these interactions are dramatized in their traditional oral narratives. I have characterized those traditional oral narratives that illustrate and articulate Tohoro O'odham interrelationships with Sonoran desert botanical communities as "plant emergence narratives." These stories embody and express the reciprocal relationsihp between the Tohono O'odham and the plants they cultivate or harvest from the wild. In examining these narratives, I discuss some of the many levels on which they operate, specifically the intersection of cultural worldview with scientific data, or what I term "cultivation lore."
This discussion focuses on an exploration of the stories of corn emergence to the Tohono O'odham, with comparative analysis of stories that dramatize wild plant emergence. The significance of these narratives to the Tohono O'odham and to others is discussed in the context of history, folklore, and ecology, specifically the current crisis in loss of biological diversity. By exploring the cultural value and ecological content of these plant emergence narratives, I suggest that we may discover solutions to the question of how we may live with awareness and conviction to both our human and ecological landscapes.
On discrete Minimal Flavour Violation
Creators: name: Zwicky, Roman
name: Fischbacher, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the consequences of replacing the global flavour symmetry of Minimal Flavour Violation (MFV) SU(3)_QxSU(3)_UxSU(3)_Dx..., by a discrete D_QxD_UxD_Dx.. symmetry. Goldstone bosons resulting from the breaking of the flavour symmetry generically lead to bounds on new flavour structure many orders of magnitude above the TeV-scale. The absence of Goldstone bosons for discrete symmetries constitute the \emph{primary} motivation of our work. Less symmetry implies further invariants and renders the mass flavour basis transformation observable in principle and calls for a hierarchy in the Yukawa matrix expansion. We show, through the dimension of the representations, that the (discrete) symmetry in principle does allow for additional Delta F = 2 operators. If though the Delta F = 2 transitions are generated by two subsequent Delta F = 1 processes, as for example in the Standard Model, then the four crystal-like groups Sigma(168) ~ PSL(2,7), Sigma(72phi), Sigma(216phi) and especially Sigma(360phi) do provide enough protection for a TeV-scale discrete MFV scenario. Models where this is not the case have to be investigated case by case. Interestingly Sigma(216phi) has a (non-faithful) representation corresponding to an A4-symmetry. Moreover we argue that the, apparently often omitted, (D)-groups are subgroups of an appropriate Delta(6g^2). We would like to stress that we do not provide an actual model that realizes the MFV scenario nor any other theory of flavour.
description: 25 pages (15 pages main text) added reference and edited appendix A.2.1. concerning (C) & (D) groups