cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Fermion masses without symmetry breaking in two spacetime dimensions
Creators: name: BenTov, Yoni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I study the prospect of generating mass for symmetry-protected fermions without breaking the symmetry that forbids quadratic mass terms in the Lagrangian. I focus on 1+1 spacetime dimensions in the hope that this can provide guidance for interacting fermions in 3+1 dimensions. I first review the SO(8) Gross-Neveu model and emphasize a subtlety in the triality transformation. Then I focus on the "m = 0" manifold of the SO(7) Kitaev-Fidkowski model. I argue that this theory exhibits a phenomenon similar to "parity doubling" in hadronic physics, and this leads to the conclusion that the fermion propagator vanishes when p = 0. I also briefly explore a connection between this model and the two-channel, single-impurity Kondo effect. This paper may serve as an introduction to topological superconductors for high energy theorists, and perhaps as a taste of elementary particle physics for condensed matter theorists.
description: 36 pages, no figures. v2: minor changes. v3: added a subsection on parity doubling, replaced appendix B with a review of the Lehmann-Kallen decomposition, revised appendix A, made other minor changes throughout
Ion-beam-milled graphite nanoribbons as mesoscopic carbon-based polarizers
Creators: name: Muszyński, Marcin
name: Antoniazzi, Igor
name: Camargo, Bruno
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate optical reflectivity and Raman responses of graphite microstructures as a function of light polarization when the incident light is applied perpendicular to the material's stacking direction (c-axis). For this, we employed novel graphite nanoribbons with edges polished through ion-beam etching. In this unique configuration, a strong polarization dependence of the D, G, and 2D Raman modes is observed. At the same time, polarized reflectivity measurements demonstrate the potential of such a device as a carbon-based, on-chip polarizer. We discuss the advantages of the proposed fabrication method as opposed to the mechanical polishing of bulk crystals.
description: 3 figures, version of record
Additional file 1 of Losing hope or keep searching for a golden solution: an in-depth exploration of experiences with extreme challenging behavior in nursing home residents with dementia
Creators: name: Veldwijk-Rouwenhorst, Annelies E.
name: Zuidema, Sytse U.
name: Smalbrugge, Martin
name: Persoon, Anke
name: Koopmans, Raymond T. C. M.
name: Gerritsen, Debby L.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1:. Supplementary material Table 1. Detailed applied methodology following the consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative studies (COREQ) 32-item checklist.1
title: Simulation of aircraft aeroelasticity
Creators: name: Swift, Adam
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2023

description: Aeroelastic phenomena such as flutter can have a detrimental effect on aircraft performance and can lead to severe damage or destruction. Buffet leads to a re- duced fatigue life and therefore higher operating costs and a limited performance envelope. As such the simulation of these aeroelastic phenomena is of utmost importance. Computational aeroelasticity couples computational fluid dynamics and computational structural dynamics solvers through the use of a transforma- tion method. There have been interesting developments over the years towards more efficient methods for predicting the flutter boundaries based upon the sta- bility of the system of equations. This thesis investigates the influence of transformation methods on the flutter boundary predition and considers the simulation of shock-induced buffet of a transport wing. This involves testing a number of transformation methods for their effect on flutter boundaries for two test cases and verifying the flow solver for shock-induced buffet over an aerofoil. This will be followed by static aeroelastic calculations of an aeroelastic wing. It is shown that the transformation methods have a significant effect on the predicted flutter boundary. Multiple transformation methods should be used to build confidence in the results obtained, and extrapolation should be avoided. CFD predictions are verified for buffet calculations and the mechanism behind shock-oscillation of the BGK No. 1 aerofoil is investigated. The use of steady calculations to assess if a case may be unsteady is considered. Finally the static aeroelastic response of the ARW-2 wing is calculated and compared against ex- perimental results.
Brief report: Pediatric cancer burden and treatment resources within the pediatric IeDEA consortium
Creators: name: Brown, S.A.
name: McGowan, C.C.
name: Duda, S.N.
name: Leroy, V.
name: Bunupuradah, T.
name: Mofenson, L.
name: Sohn, A.H.
name: Technau, K.-G.
name: Edmonds, A.
name: Wools-Kaloustian, K.
name: Musick, B.
name: Yotebieng, M.
name: Renner, L.
name: Abbas, S.
name: Davies, M.-A.
Publisher: name: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins
Year: 2017

description: Introduction: The incidence and treatment of cancer in HIV-infected children from resource-limited settings has not been extensively studied. Objectives: Develop and implement a cross-sectional survey to evaluate pediatric cancer burden, diagnostic modalities in use, and treatment availability as perceived by HIV clinic staff at regional International Epidemiology Databases to Evaluate AIDS (IeDEA) sites. Methods: IeDEA regional investigators developed a cross-sectional clinical site survey which included questions on the numbers and types of pediatric cancers observed, modalities used to treat identified cancers, and treatment options available at individual sites in the Asia-Pacific, Latin America, Central Africa, East Africa, West Africa, and Southern Africa regions. Results: Kaposi sarcoma, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and Burkitt lymphoma were reported by site personnel to be the most prevalent types of cancer in the pediatric HIV population. Survey results indicate that access to comprehensive cancer treatment modalities is very limited for children in these regions despite HIV care and treatment sites reporting that they diagnose pediatric cancers. Responses also showed that evaluating cancer in the pediatric HIV population is a challenge due to a lack of resources and varying treatment availability within regions. Conclusions: Further study is needed to increase our understanding of the changing epidemiology of cancer in HIV-infected pediatric populations. Increased financial and technical resources are critical to aid in the advancement of health services to support treatment of these children in resource-constrained settings.
Correctness and completeness of logic programs
Creators: name: Drabent, Włodzimierz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: D.1.6, F.3.1, D.2.4, D.2.5

description: We discuss proving correctness and completeness of definite clause logic programs. We propose a method for proving completeness, while for proving correctness we employ a method which should be well known but is often neglected. Also, we show how to prove completeness and correctness in the presence of SLD-tree pruning, and point out that approximate specifications simplify specifications and proofs. We compare the proof methods to declarative diagnosis (algorithmic debugging), showing that approximate specifications eliminate a major drawback of the latter. We argue that our proof methods reflect natural declarative thinking about programs, and that they can be used, formally or informally, in every-day programming.
description: 29 pages, 2 figures; with editorial modifications, small corrections and extensions. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1411.3015. Overlaps explained in "Related Work" (p. 21)
Supplementary document for Active Image Optimization for Lattice Light Sheet Microscopy in Thick Samples - 6061235.pdf
Creators: name: Malivert, Maxime
name: Harms, Fabrice
name: Veilly, Cynthia
name: Legrand, Jerome
name: Li, Ziqiang
name: Bayer, Emmanuelle
name: Choquet, Daniel
name: Ducros, Mathieu
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2022
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supplementary Notes and Figures
Dynamics of non-minimally coupled perfect fluids
Creators: name: Bettoni, Dario
name: Liberati, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a general formulation of the theory for a non-minimally coupled perfect fluid in which both conformal and disformal couplings are present. We discuss how such non-minimal coupling is compatible with the assumptions of a perfect fluid and derive both the Einstein and the fluid equations for such model. We found that, while the Euler equation is significantly modified with the introduction of an extra force related to the local gradients of the curvature, the continuity equation is unaltered, thus allowing for the definition of conserved quantities along the fluid flow. As an application to cosmology and astrophysics we compute the effects of the non-minimal coupling on a Friedmann--Lemaître--Robertson--Walker metric at both background and linear perturbation level and on the Newtonian limit of our theory.
description: 26 pages, 2 appendix, no figures. Revised version: new sections discussing the absence of extra degrees of freedom and the cosmological linear perturbations. Published in JCAP
Growing Self-organized Design of Efficient and Robust Complex Networks
Creators: name: Hayashi, Yukio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A self-organization of efficient and robust networks is important for a future design of communication or transportation systems, however both characteristics are incompatible in many real networks. Recently, it has been found that the robustness of onion-like structure with positive degree-degree correlations is optimal against intentional attacks. We show that, by biologically inspired copying, an onion-like network emerges in the incremental growth with functions of proxy access and reinforced connectivity on a space. The proposed network consists of the backbone of tree-like structure by copyings and the periphery by adding shortcut links between low degree nodes to enhance the connectivity. It has the fine properties of the statistically self-averaging unlike the conventional duplication-divergence model, exponential-like degree distribution without overloaded hubs, strong robustness against both malicious attacks and random failures, and the efficiency with short paths counted by the number of hops as mediators and by the Euclidean distances. The adaptivity to heal over and to recover the performance of networking is also discussed for a change of environment in such disasters or battlefields on a geographical map. These properties will be useful for a resilient and scalable infrastructure of network systems even in emergent situations or poor environments.
description: 10 pages, 14 figures, 3 tables, Proc. of 2014 IEEE 8th Int. Conf. on Self-Adaptive and Self-Organizing Systems, pp.50-59. http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=7001000&tag=1. IEEE Xplore Digital Library 2014
The effects of viral load burden on pregnancy loss among HIV-infected women in the United States
Creators: name: Adimora, A.A.
name: Kempf, M.-C.
name: Edmonds, A.
name: Golub, E.T.
name: Cejtin, H.E.
name: Haddad, L.B.
name: Minkoff, H.
name: Cates, J.E.
name: Colie, C.
name: Karim, R.
name: Westreich, D.
name: Wright, R.L.
name: Greenblatt, R.M.
Publisher: name: Hindawi Publishing Corporation
Year: 2015

description: Background. To evaluate the effects of HIV viral load, measured cross-sectionally and cumulatively, on the risk of miscarriage or stillbirth (pregnancy loss) among HIV-infected women enrolled in the Women's Interagency HIV Study between 1994 and 2013. Methods. We assessed three exposures: most recent viral load measure before the pregnancy ended, log10 copy-years viremia from initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) to conception, and log10 copy-years viremia in the two years before conception. Results. The risk of pregnancy loss for those with log10 viral load >4.00 before pregnancy ended was 1.59 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.99, 2.56) times as high as the risk for women whose log10 viral load was ≤1.60. There was not a meaningful impact of log10 copy-years viremia since ART or log10 copy-years viremia in the two years before conception on pregnancy loss (adjusted risk ratios (aRRs): 0.80 (95% CI: 0.69, 0.92) and 1.00 (95% CI: 0.90, 1.11), resp.). Conclusions. Cumulative viral load burden does not appear to be an informative measure for pregnancy loss risk, but the extent of HIV replication during pregnancy, as represented by plasma HIV RNA viral load, predicted loss versus live birth in this ethnically diverse cohort of HIV-infected US women.
Additional file 2 of Losing hope or keep searching for a golden solution: an in-depth exploration of experiences with extreme challenging behavior in nursing home residents with dementia
Creators: name: Veldwijk-Rouwenhorst, Annelies E.
name: Zuidema, Sytse U.
name: Smalbrugge, Martin
name: Persoon, Anke
name: Koopmans, Raymond T. C. M.
name: Gerritsen, Debby L.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2: Supplementary material Table 2. Topic list for semi-structured in-depth interview with interviewees.
Horizon entropy with loop quantum gravity methods
Creators: name: Pranzetti, Daniele
name: Sahlmann, Hanno
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the spherically symmetric isolated horizon can be described in terms of an SU(2) connection and a su(2) valued one form, obeying certain constraints. The horizon symplectic structure is precisely the one of 3d gravity in a first order formulation. We quantize the horizon degrees of freedom in the framework of loop quantum gravity, with methods recently developed for 3d gravity with non-vanishing cosmological constant. Bulk excitations ending on the horizon act very similar to particles in 3d gravity. The Bekenstein-Hawking law is recovered in the limit of imaginary Barbero-Immirzi parameter. Alternative methods of quantization are also discussed.
description: 15 pages, 2 figures; published version
Whether Broad Eligibility Factors in Capital Punishment Contribute to Race and Gender Disparities
Creators: name: Yurko, Ava
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2023

description: My research sought to determine whether broad eligibility factors contribute to race and gender disparities in capital punishment. States differ significantly in their use of the death penalty within the modern-day system. Texas (as of 2022) has sentenced 578 individuals to death, making it the most prolific user, while Oklahoma, the second most frequent user of capital punishment, has sentenced 119 to death. 

Previous research shows that significant disparities exist not in the race and gender of the offenders who receive a death sentence, but in the race and gender of the victim(s). When an offender kills a white female, they are much more likely to be sentenced to death than if they kill a Black male; in Georgia, you are 214 times more likely to receive a death sentence if you kill a white female than if you kill a Black male. 

For an offender to receive a death sentence, certain eligibility or "aggravating" factors must be established, and each state has its own set of criteria. Many factors are broader and more ambiguous than others, such as "future dangerousness." My intent was to discover whether these factors correlate with higher rates of race and gender disproportionality, and if not, whether they correlate with any other disproportionalities within the capital punishment system.
D7.1 Report on preliminary system modelling
Creators: name: Kohler, Saskia
name: Schöttl, Peter
name: Rohani, Shahab
name: Karl, Martin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: This document is the deliverable D7.1 of the project POLYPHEM. It is planned in the framework of the Work Package 7 (System Modelling and Performance Assessment). In this WP a dynamic simulation model of the overall plant is developed in several steps, where this report comprises the deliverable for Task 7.1. In this task a preliminary system model has been developed and implemented in the in-house simulation tool ColSim CSP by Fraunhofer ISE. Based on preliminary system components (not experimentally validated), the system is capable of simulation of 2 operation modes namely design mode and off-design mode. The current ColSim CSP model includes a detailed micro gas turbine model (compressor and gas turbine), heliostat field, solar receiver, the recovery heat exchanger, the primary oil loop, the black box ORC model, and the stratified storage.
Experiments in Social Media to Better Understand Patient Experiences and Beliefs
Creators: name: Dasgupta, Nabarun
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2023

description: Pre-conference Course at International Conference on Pharmacoepidemiology 

New Frontiers for Pharmacoepidemiology: Using New and Mixed Methods for Data Collection

This lively course will provide an overview and critical assessment of new approaches to prospective data ‎collection in pharmacoepidemiology, looking beyond electric medical records (EMR) and health insurance ‎claims to direct-to-“patient” data generation and data linkage. Uses of person-generated health data, including ‎smartphone apps, wearables and social media, will be illustrated, with examples from COVID-19, rheumatology, ‎oncology and professional sports. There will be active discussion about the value of these new approaches, ‎when are they feasible and acceptable to patients, frequently encountered challenges, and how to recognize when ‎these approaches are sufficiently fit for a particular objective.‎
Probabilistically robust conformal prediction
Creators: name: Ghosh, Subhankar
name: Shi, Yuanjie
name: Belkhouja, Taha
name: Yan, Yan
name: Doppa, Jana
name: Jones, Brian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Conformal prediction (CP) is a framework to quantify uncertainty of machine learning classifiers including deep neural networks. Given a testing example and a trained classifier, CP produces a prediction set of candidate labels with a user-specified coverage (i.e., true class label is contained with high probability). Almost all the existing work on CP assumes clean testing data and there is not much known about the robustness of CP algorithms w.r.t natural/adversarial perturbations to testing examples. This paper studies the problem of probabilistically robust conformal prediction (PRCP) which ensures robustness to most perturbations around clean input examples. PRCP generalizes the standard CP (cannot handle perturbations) and adversarially robust CP (ensures robustness w.r.t worst-case perturbations) to achieve better trade-offs between nominal performance and robustness. We propose a novel adaptive PRCP (aPRCP) algorithm to achieve probabilistically robust coverage. The key idea behind aPRCP is to determine two parallel thresholds, one for data samples and another one for the perturbations on data (aka "quantile-of-quantile" design). We provide theoretical analysis to show that aPRCP algorithm achieves robust coverage. Our experiments on CIFAR-10, CIFAR-100, and ImageNet datasets using deep neural networks demonstrate that aPRCP achieves better trade-offs than state-of-the-art CP and adversarially robust CP algorithms.
description: Proceedings of the Thirty-Ninth Conference on Uncertainty in Artificial Intelligence, 2023
Effects of Structural Inhomogeneity on Equilibration Processes in Langevin Dynamics
Creators: name: Mozafar, Omid
name: Denniston, Colin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In recent decades, computer experiments have led to an accurate and fundamental understanding of atomic and molecular mechanisms in fluids, such as different kinds of relaxation processes toward steady physical states. In this paper, we investigate how exactly the configuration of initial states in a molecular-dynamics simulation can affect the rates of decay toward equilibrium for the widely-known Langevin canonical ensemble. For this purpose, we derive an original expression relating the system relaxation time τ_{sys} and the radial distribution function g(r) in the near-zero and high-density limit. We found that for an initial state which is slightly marginally inhomogeneous in the number density of atoms, the system relaxation time τ_{sys} is much longer than that for the homogeneous case and an increasing function of the Langevin coupling constant, γ. We also found during structural equilibration, g(r) at large distances approaches 1 from above for the inhomogeneous case and from below for the macroscopically homogeneous one.
Green is Good, but Why? A Content Analysis of Climate Change in Children's Literature
Creators: name: Jones, Kelly
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2023
Subjects: Content analysis (Communication)
Children's literature
Climatic changes

description: This study is a content analysis of climate change in children’s books. Prior research has found that certain depictions may make the issue feel far away from children’s daily lives. Others have been criticized for assigning the weight of responsibility of the problem to children. This study elaborated by analyzing how climate communication via children’s books compares to scientific knowledge, ecocritical frameworks, and research on effective communication with children. Using a rubric based on these standards, 20 children’s books from recommended reading lists were assessed. Overall, common themes showed a lack of comprehensive explanations of the causes, mechanisms, and solutions and underrepresentation for the most impacted groups. Publishers, authors, librarians, and teachers can address these issues through selecting and advocating for high quality books on climate science and by designing programming to fill the gaps until there is more impactful, informative, and inclusive climate literature.
Tuning and Backreaction in F-term Axion Monodromy Inflation
Creators: name: Hebecker, Arthur
name: Mangat, Patrick
name: Rompineve, Fabrizio
name: Witkowski, Lukas T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We continue the development of axion monodromy inflation, focussing in particular on the backreaction of complex structure moduli. In our setting, the shift symmetry comes from a partial large complex structure limit of the underlying type IIB orientifold or F-theory fourfold. The coefficient of the inflaton term in the superpotential has to be tuned small to avoid conflict with Kahler moduli stabilisation. To allow such a tuning, this coefficient necessarily depends on further complex structure moduli. At large values of the inflaton field, these moduli are then in danger of backreacting too strongly. To avoid this, further tunings are necessary. In weakly coupled type IIB theory at the orientifold point, implementing these tunings appears to be difficult if not impossible. However, fourfolds or models with mobile D7-branes provide enough structural freedom. We calculate the resulting inflaton potential and study the feasibility of the overall tuning given the limited freedom of the flux landscape. Our preliminary investigations suggest that, even imposing all tuning conditions, the remaining choice of flux vacua can still be large enough for such models to provide a promising path to large-field inflation in string theory.
description: 46 pages, 6 figures; v2: typos removed, references added; v3: references added
Additional file 3 of Losing hope or keep searching for a golden solution: an in-depth exploration of experiences with extreme challenging behavior in nursing home residents with dementia
Creators: name: Veldwijk-Rouwenhorst, Annelies E.
name: Zuidema, Sytse U.
name: Smalbrugge, Martin
name: Persoon, Anke
name: Koopmans, Raymond T. C. M.
name: Gerritsen, Debby L.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 3: Supplementary material Table 3. Topic list for focus group discussions with interviewees.
Domestic Pressure and International Climate Cooperation
Creators: name: Tavoni, Alessandro
name: Winkler, Ralph
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2020
Subjects: SECS-P/01 Economia politica

description: In the wake of 25 UN Climate Change Conferences of the Parties (and counting), international cooperation on mitigating greenhouse gas emissions to avoid substantial and potentially irreversible climate change remains an important challenge. The limited impact that the Kyoto Protocol and its successor, the Paris Agreement, have had on curbing emissions demonstrate both the difficulties in negotiating ambitious environmental agreements and the reluctance of countries to comply with their agreed emission targets once they have joined the treaty. Therefore, a better understanding of the obstacles and opportunities that the interactions between domestic and international policy pose for the design of successful international climate cooperation is of utmost importance. To shed light on the roots of the stalemate (and suggest possible ways out), this article reviews, and draws lessons from, a growing theoretical, experimental and empirical literature that accounts for the hierarchical interplay between domestic political pressure and international climate policy.
Fast, Furious and Insecure: Passive Keyless Entry and Start Systems in Modern Supercars
Creators: name: Wouters, Lennert
name: Marin, Eduard
name: Ashur, Tomer
name: Gierlichs, Benedikt
name: Preneel, Bart
Publisher: name: IACR Transactions on Cryptographic Hardware and Embedded Systems
Year: 2019

description: The security of immobiliser and Remote Keyless Entry systems has been extensively studied over many years. Passive Keyless Entry and Start systems, which are currently deployed in luxury vehicles, have not received much attention besides relay attacks. In this work we fully reverse engineer a Passive Keyless Entry and Start system and perform a thorough analysis of its security.
Our research reveals several security weaknesses. Specifically, we document the use of an inadequate proprietary cipher using 40-bit keys, the lack of mutual authentication in the challenge-response protocol, no firmware readout protection features enabled and the absence of security partitioning.
In order to validate our findings, we implement a full proof of concept attack allowing us to clone a Tesla Model S key fob in a matter of seconds with low cost commercial off the shelf equipment. Our findings most likely apply to other manufacturers of luxury vehicles including McLaren, Karma and Triumph motorcycles as they all use the same system developed by Pektron.
description: IACR Transactions on Cryptographic Hardware and Embedded Systems, Volume 2019, Issue 3
Mehr Vielfalt
Creators: name: Quendt, Ulrich
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: Winterleguminosen sind eine Abwechslung unter den Winterjulturen. In der regel kommen sie gur ueber den Winter und hinterlassen einen garen Boden fuer die Nachfrucht. Tipps des Autors beziehen sich auf agronomische Massnahmen, geeignete Sorten und die Verwertung,
description: https://www.legunet.de/anbau/erbse/typen-und-sorten/wintererbsen
Giant negative magnetoresistance driven by spin-orbit coupling at the LAO/STO interface
Creators: name: Diez, M.
name: Monteiro, A. M. R. V. L.
name: Mattoni, G.
name: Cobanera, E.
name: Hyart, T.
name: Mulazimoglu, E.
name: Bovenzi, N.
name: Beenakker, C. W. J.
name: Caviglia, A. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The LAO/STO interface hosts a two-dimensional electron system that is unusually sensitive to the application of an in-plane magnetic field. Low-temperature experiments have revealed a giant negative magnetoresistance (dropping by 70\%), attributed to a magnetic-field induced transition between interacting phases of conduction electrons with Kondo-screened magnetic impurities. Here we report on experiments over a broad temperature range, showing the persistence of the magnetoresistance up to the 20~K range --- indicative of a single-particle mechanism. Motivated by a striking correspondence between the temperature and carrier density dependence of our magnetoresistance measurements we propose an alternative explanation. Working in the framework of semiclassical Boltzmann transport theory we demonstrate that the combination of spin-orbit coupling and scattering from finite-range impurities can explain the observed magnitude of the negative magnetoresistance, as well as the temperature and electron density dependence.
description: new updates from feedback and review process. main text: improved discussion of the mechanisms of the MR; a discussion of a rescaling of the MR with a characteristic field B*(n). supplemental: theoretical estimate of the "sweet spot" density and window; effect of an out-of-plane B-field component on the MR; discussion of spin-orbit corrections to Boltzmann transport. 6+4 pages, 4+4 figures
Time and Causality in the Social Sciences
Creators: name: Wunsch, Guillaume
name: Russo, Federica
name: Mouchart, Michel
name: Orsi, Renzo
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2020
Subjects: SECS-P/05 Econometria

description: This article deals with the role of time in causal models in the social sciences, in particular in structural causal modeling, in contrast to time-free models. The aim is to underline the importance of time-sensitive causal models. For this purpose, it also refers to the important discussion on time and causality in the philosophy of science, and examines how time is taken into account in demography and in economics as examples of social sciences. Temporal information is useful to the extent that it is placed in a correct causal structure, and thus further corroborating the causal mechanism or generative process explaining the phenomenon under consideration. Despite the fact that the causal ordering of variables is more relevant for explanatory purposes than the temporal order, the former should nevertheless take into account the time-patterns of causes and effects, as these are often episodes rather than single events. For this reason in particular, it is time to put time at the core of our causal models.
title: The emergence of Gladstone's moral monster : some aspects of undenominational religious education in England from the work of Joseph Lancaster to the passing of the Elementary Education Act of 1870
Creators: name: Frank Chorley, Geoffrey
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2023

description: In my thesis I argue that a partial solution to the religious difficulty in English education, with State involvement sufficient to pave the way for the eventual universal provision of school places, was achieved through clause 14 (2) of the 1870 Elementary Education Act (the Cowper-Temple clause) whereby a new species of undenominational religious instruction, primarily negative as regards content, was devised. I identify Henry Austin Bruce as the Cabinet member who secured the acceptance of this proposal over against W. E. Forster and his superior Earl de Grey and Ripon at the Committee of Council on Education. The Cowper- Temple amendment was closely connected to, but not identical with, the undenominationalism of the British and Foreign School Society with its concern for Sunday worship to complement the work of its day schools. It was Cowper- Temple's principle, rather than any other version of undenorninationalism such as the positive undenominationalism of content and intention associated with the failed amendments of Sir John Pakington and Jacob Bright to the 1870 Bill, or reliance on a conscience clause alone, or a secular solution, which was decisive in reaching this partial solution of the religious difficulty in education. I trace the origins of this undenominationalism in English religious education to the work of Joseph Lancaster, arguing that this mode of religious instruction was inspired by the theology of Bishop Francis Gastrell. This thesis presents original work in two main ways: first, in that, whereas other writers have written on the religious difficulty in English education in the nineteenth century, in this thesis I concentrate specifically on undenominationalism; and, second, in that I have accessed a variety of hitherto largely unresearched materials, particularly from such sources as the British and Foreign School Society archives.
Getting Sources to Courses: Evaluating the Efficacy of Digital Primary Source Teaching Materials for K-12 Teachers
Creators: name: Hollis, Sophia
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2023
Subjects: Historical source materials
Teaching
K-12
Digital format

description: K-12 teachers are facing an extraordinarily challenging time as our schools recover from the Covid-19 pandemic. To lend support to teachers in this difficult professional environment, this study aims to discover how archives and special collections can make online materials maximally accessible and useful for K-12 teachers. Using semi-structured interviews with ten K-12 teachers and website usage data from the On The Books library guide, this study will gather data about how teachers find, interact with, and teach with the online resources for primary source instruction. The findings will be considered to make recommendations for some ways that special collections librarians can better serve this group of patrons with online teaching resources.
Constrained correlation functions from the Millennium Simulation
Creators: name: Wilking, Philipp
name: Röseler, Randolf
name: Schneider, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Context. In previous work, we developed a quasi-Gaussian approximation for the likelihood of correlation functions, which, in contrast to the usual Gaussian approach, incorporates fundamental mathematical constraints on correlation functions. The analytical computation of these constraints is only feasible in the case of correlation functions of one-dimensional random fields. Aims. In this work, we aim to obtain corresponding constraints in the case of higher-dimensional random fields and test them in a more realistic context. Methods. We develop numerical methods to compute the constraints on correlation functions which are also applicable for two- and three-dimensional fields. In order to test the accuracy of the numerically obtained constraints, we compare them to the analytical results for the one-dimensional case. Finally, we compute correlation functions from the halo catalog of the Millennium Simulation, check whether they obey the constraints, and examine the performance of the transformation used in the construction of the quasi-Gaussian likelihood. Results. We find that our numerical methods of computing the constraints are robust and that the correlation functions measured from the Millennium Simulation obey them. Despite the fact that the measured correlation functions lie well inside the allowed region of parameter space, i.e. far away from the boundaries of the allowed volume defined by the constraints, we find strong indications that the quasi-Gaussian likelihood yields a substantially more accurate description than the Gaussian one.
description: 11 pages, 13 figures, updated to match version accepted by A&A
Pew Research Center: American Trends Panel Wave 42
Creators: name: Pew Research Center
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2020

description: Developments in science (4); effect of science on society (3); confidence in various people/groups to act in best interests of public (8); role of scientists in public policy debates (2); role of public opinion in guiding policy decisions (1); medical research scientists (11); research misconduct by medical research scientists (4); environmental research scientists (11); research misconduct by environmental research scientists (4); nutrition research scientists (11); research misconduct by nutrition research scientists (4); medical doctors (11); professional misconduct by medical doctors (4); environmental health specialists (11); misconduct by environmental health specialists (4); dietitians (11); misconduct by dietitians (4); importance of various types of scientific research (2); trust in research findings (4); trust in science practitioner recommendation (4); descriptions of research scientists (10); scientific method (1); scientists' judgments (1); ability of ordinary people to solve country's problems (1); policy decisions (2); scientific knowledge (12).
Additional file 4 of Losing hope or keep searching for a golden solution: an in-depth exploration of experiences with extreme challenging behavior in nursing home residents with dementia
Creators: name: Veldwijk-Rouwenhorst, Annelies E.
name: Zuidema, Sytse U.
name: Smalbrugge, Martin
name: Persoon, Anke
name: Koopmans, Raymond T. C. M.
name: Gerritsen, Debby L.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 4: Supplementary Material Table 4. Additional quotes for all described general, main and sub-factors of the six (groups of) stakeholders.
Generalized Additivity in Unitary Conformal Field Theories
Creators: name: Vos, Gideon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It was demonstrated in recent work that $d=4$ unitary CFT's satisfy a special property: if a scalar operator with conformal dimension $Δ$ exists in the operator spectrum, then the conformal bootstrap demands that large spin primary operators have to exist in the operator spectrum of the CFT with a conformal twist close to $2Δ+2N$ for any integer $N$. In this paper the conformal bootstrap methods that were used to find the anomalous dimension of the $N=0$ operators have been generalized to find the anomalous dimension of all large spin operators of this class. In AdS these operators can be interpreted as the excited states of the product states of objects that were found in other works.
Evaluating longitudinal trends in and correlations between opioid prescribing and opioid poisoning rates in North Carolina, 2013-2021
Creators: name: Glattfelder, Ethan
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2023
Subjects: Opioids
North Carolina

description: Opioid addiction represents a serious public health challenge for health systems, as well as an enormous tragedy for communities affected by substance abuse.  In recent years, the North Carolina Department of Health and Human Services (NC DHHS) has spearheaded efforts to save lives and improve opioid-related outcomes in the state through new prescribing regulations, attributing the present-day opioid epidemic to decades-long patterns of excessive prescribing.  This paper provides a quantitative, regional analysis of opioid prescribing and poisoning rates in North Carolina between 2013-2021, evaluating how these rates fluctuated as synthetic opioids became more common in the state and as NC DHHS – led prescribing initiatives were deployed.  In addition to considering longitudinal trends in prescribing and poisoning, we used regional and county-level data to test whether correlations exist (1) between opioid prescribing rates and (2) nonfatal-fatal overdose rates from methadone, heroin, fentanyl, and prescription opioids.  Though we found limited evidence for significant associations between opioid prescribing and poisoning using regional data, we determined that opioid prescribing rates and overall fatal/nonfatal poisoning rates were weakly positively correlated based on county-level data.  This suggests that counties where more opioids are prescribed see higher rates of fatal and nonfatal poisoning overall and for certain types of opioids.  Such a finding has important implications for assessing North Carolina’s response to the ongoing opioid epidemic as NC DHHS works to drive down excessive opioid prescribing statewide.
Supplementary document for Silicon-photonics focused ultrasound detector for minimally invasive optoacoustic imaging - 5966521.pdf
Creators: name: Nagli, Michael
name: Koch, Jurgen
name: Hazan, Yoav
name: Volodarsky, Oleg
name: Kumar, Resmi Ravi
name: Levi, Ahiad
name: Hahamovich, Evgeny
name: Ternyak, Orna
name: Overmeyer, Ludger
name: Rosenthal, Amir
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2022
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supplement 1
title: Statistical exploration of heterotic Pati-Salam string vacua
Creators: name: Christodoulides, Kyriakos
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2023

description: To this date, experimental searches for exotics (fractionally charged states) have yielded negative results, thus imposing strong limitations on their existence at low energies. In this work we argue that a possible scenario that could explain the experimental data is that such states are simply not present at the low energy limit. This thesis presents the phenomenology of the first string model which does not have any exotic states at the massless level, and where only the top quark Yukawa coupling exists at the tri-linear level superpotential. More specifically we present its spectrum, cubic superpotential and a viable semi-realistic phenomenological scenario which is supported by a specific set of F - and D-fl.at solutions. The discovery of this model is the result of the statististical exploration of a class of heterotic Pati-Salam vacua, out of which we managed to extract three generation exophobic models with the required representations needed to induce spontaneous breaking to the Standard Model. We also exhibit the derivation of the analytic formulae that permitted the exact identification of several properties of a string vacuum, and thus allowed its distinction among supersymmetric vacua that share the same gauge group.
SelfSeg: A Self-supervised Sub-word Segmentation Method for Neural Machine Translation
Creators: name: Song, Haiyue
name: Dabre, Raj
name: Chu, Chenhui
name: Kurohashi, Sadao
name: Sumita, Eiichiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Sub-word segmentation is an essential pre-processing step for Neural Machine Translation (NMT). Existing work has shown that neural sub-word segmenters are better than Byte-Pair Encoding (BPE), however, they are inefficient as they require parallel corpora, days to train and hours to decode. This paper introduces SelfSeg, a self-supervised neural sub-word segmentation method that is much faster to train/decode and requires only monolingual dictionaries instead of parallel corpora. SelfSeg takes as input a word in the form of a partially masked character sequence, optimizes the word generation probability and generates the segmentation with the maximum posterior probability, which is calculated using a dynamic programming algorithm. The training time of SelfSeg depends on word frequencies, and we explore several word frequency normalization strategies to accelerate the training phase. Additionally, we propose a regularization mechanism that allows the segmenter to generate various segmentations for one word. To show the effectiveness of our approach, we conduct MT experiments in low-, middle- and high-resource scenarios, where we compare the performance of using different segmentation methods. The experimental results demonstrate that on the low-resource ALT dataset, our method achieves more than 1.2 BLEU score improvement compared with BPE and SentencePiece, and a 1.1 score improvement over Dynamic Programming Encoding (DPE) and Vocabulary Learning via Optimal Transport (VOLT) on average. The regularization method achieves approximately a 4.3 BLEU score improvement over BPE and a 1.2 BLEU score improvement over BPE-dropout, the regularized version of BPE. We also observed significant improvements on IWSLT15 Vi->En, WMT16 Ro->En and WMT15 Fi->En datasets, and competitive results on the WMT14 De->En and WMT14 Fr->En datasets.
description: Accepted to TALLIP journal
Additional file 1 of DNA methylation and aeroallergen sensitization: The chicken or the egg?
Creators: name: Kilanowski, Anna
name: Merid, Simon Kebede
name: Abrishamcar, Sarina
name: Feil, Dakotah
name: Thiering, Elisabeth
name: Waldenberger, Melanie
name: Melén, Erik
name: Peters, Annette
name: Standl, Marie
name: Hüls, Anke
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 1. Supplementary methods, Table S1 and Figures S1-S9.