cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Gravitational-wave signal of a core-collapse supernova explosion of a 15 Solar mass star
Creators: name: Mezzacappa, Anthony
name: Marronetti, Pedro
name: Landfield, Ryan E.
name: Lentz, Eric J.
name: Yakunin, Konstantin N.
name: Bruenn, Stephen W.
name: Hix, W. Raphael
name: Messer, O. E. Bronson
name: Endeve, Eirik
name: Blondin, John M.
name: Harris, J. Austin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the gravitational wave signal computed in the context of a three-dimensional simulation of a core collapse supernova explosion of a 15 Solar mass star. The simulation was performed with our neutrino hydrodynamics code Chimera. We detail the gravitational wave strains as a function of time, for both polarizations, and discuss their physical origins. We also present the corresponding spectral signatures. Gravitational wave emission in our model has two key features: low-frequency emission (< 200 Hz) emanates from the gain layer as a result of neutrino-driven convection and the SASI and high-frequency emission (> 600 Hz) emanates from the proto-neutron star due to Ledoux convection within it. The high-frequency emission dominates the gravitational wave emission in our model and emanates largely from the convective layer itself, not from the convectively stable layer above it, due to convective overshoot. Moreover, the low-frequency emission emanates from the gain layer itself, not from the proto-neutron star, due to accretion onto it. We provide evidence of the SASI in our model and demonstrate that the peak of our low-frequency gravitational wave emission spectrum corresponds to it. Given its origin in the gain layer, we classify the SASI emission in our model as p-mode emission and assign a purely acoustic origin, not a vortical-acoustic origin, to it. Our dominant proto-neutron star gravitational wave emission is not well characterized by emission from surface g-modes, complicating the relationship between peak frequencies observed and the mass and radius of the proto-neutron star expressed by analytic estimates under the assumption of surface g-mode emission. We present our frequency normalized characteristic strain along with the sensitivity curves of current- and next-generation gravitational wave detectors.
Exactly Solvable Two-Dimensional Complex Model with Real Spectrum
Creators: name: Cannata, F.
name: Ioffe, M. V.
name: Nishnianidze, D. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Supersymmetrical intertwining relations of second order in derivatives allow to construct a two-dimensional quantum model with complex potential, for which {\it all} energy levels and bound state wave functions are obtained analytically. This model {\it is not amenable} to separation of variables, and it can be considered as a specific complexified version of generalized two-dimensional Morse model with additional $\sinh^{-2}$ term. The energy spectrum of the model is proved to be purely real. To our knowledge, this is a rather rare example of a nontrivial exactly solvable model in two dimensions. The symmetry operator is found, the biorthogonal basis is described, and the pseudo-Hermiticity of the model is demonstrated. The obtained wave functions are found to be common eigenfunctions both of the Hamiltonian and of the symmetry operator.
description: 13 pages
Global Sustainability and the New Zealand House AA PhD 2018.docx
Creators: name: Alcorn, Andrew
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 120104 Architectural Science and Technology (incl. Acoustics, Lighting, Structure and Ecologically Sustainable Design)
subject: FOS: Civil engineering
subject: 120202 Building Science and Techniques
subject: 120302 Design Innovation
subject: FOS: Arts (arts, history of arts, performing arts, music)
subject: 50301 Carbon Sequestration Science
subject: FOS: Agriculture, forestry and fisheries
subject: 40104 Climate Change Processes
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 50205 Environmental Management
subject: 50209 Natural Resource Management
subject: 109999 Technology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies
subject: 90401 Carbon Capture Engineering (excl. Sequestration)
subject: FOS: Chemical engineering
subject: 90599 Civil Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: 90502 Construction Engineering
subject: 90503 Construction Materials
subject: 90701 Environmental Engineering Design
subject: FOS: Environmental engineering
subject: 90702 Environmental Engineering Modelling
subject: 91210 Timber, Pulp and Paper
subject: FOS: Materials engineering

description:  Is a sustainable building even possible? 1) What is sustainability? How do you measure sustainability? How do you know when you have reached sustainability - where is the boundary? 2) Methodologies for conducting embodied energy and CO2 analysis. 3) Measuring buildings on a comprehensive sustainability scale. PhPPhD thesis bringing together 15 years of research in embodied energy, embodied CO2, and global sustainability assessment.
A TEST OF ASSET FIXITY IN SOUTHEASTERN U.S. AGRICULTURE
Creators: name: Taylor, Timothy G.
name: Kalaitzandonakes, Nicholas G.
name: Taylor, Timothy G.
name: Kalaitzandonakes, Nicholas G.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1990
Subjects: Financial Economics

description: A test for static equilibrium developed by Schankerman and Nadiri is used to evaluate the hypothesis that land and capital in aggregate southeastern U.S. agriculture behave as fixed inputs. Empirical results reject the hypothesis that these two inputs are at their long-run equilibrium levels implied by observed prices. Thus, some degree of asset fixity may be concluded.
THE IMPACT OF MACROVARIABLES ON THE FARM SECTOR: SOME FURTHER EVIDENCE
Creators: name: Tegene, Abebayehu
name: Tegene, Abebayehu
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1990
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis

description: Granger-causality tests and Sims' VAR techniques were used to analyze the impact of macrovariables on farm output and prices in the U.S. for the period 1934-1987. Granger-causality tests show one-way causality from the macrovariables to the farm sector variables, and this is supported by impulse response functions from a VAR model. Money and interest rate effects on agricultural prices and output are apparent in the data.
Radial Lattice Quantization of 3D $ϕ^4$ Field Theory
Creators: name: Brower, Richard C.
name: Fleming, George T.
name: Gasbarro, Andrew D.
name: Howarth, Dean
name: Raben, Timothy G.
name: Tan, Chung-I
name: Weinberg, Evan S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quantum extension of classical finite elements, referred to as quantum finite elements ({\bf QFE})~\cite{Brower:2018szu,Brower:2016vsl}, is applied to the radial quantization of 3d $ϕ^4$ theory on a simplicial lattice for the $\mathbb R \times \mathbb S^2$ manifold. Explicit counter terms to cancel the one- and two-loop ultraviolet defects are implemented to reach the quantum continuum theory. Using the Brower-Tamayo~\cite{Brower:1989mt} cluster Monte Carlo algorithm, numerical results support the QFE ansatz that the critical conformal field theory (CFT) is reached in the continuum with the full isometries of $\mathbb R \times \mathbb S^2$ restored. The Ricci curvature term, while technically irrelevant in the quantum theory, is shown to dramatically improve the convergence opening, the way for high precision Monte Carlo simulation to determine the CFT data: operator dimensions, trilinear OPE couplings and the central charge.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures
Exploring pedagogical strategies in a low-technology context
Creators: name: Surmiyati
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2021
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: This study is an exploration of the perspectives and practices of lecturers and students in two English language teacher education institutions in Indonesia. The purpose of this investigation was to examine their perspectives about the types of technology tools and applications in low-technology context, lecturers’ pedagogical practices to implement the teaching and learning process using those technology tools and applications and students’ perspectives of the benefits they gain when technology tools and applications are used.This study took place at a time when the Indonesian education policy started promoting constructivist learning and encouraging the use of technology and internet-based learning materials to improve the delivery of content and the process of teaching and learning. At a higher education level, particularly in teacher education institutions, lecturers are expected to be technology literate as part of their professionalism and be able to integrate its use in their teaching.The study adopted mainly qualitative research methods to investigate five lecturers and fourteen students in two teacher education institutions. Semi-structured interviews, classroom observations and questionnaires to the students were incorporated to investigate the issues related to pedagogical strategies and learning opportunities gained by the students. The study indicates that teaching with technology tools and applications can be applied in the low-technology context. This possibility was supported by some conditions, including the situations where the lecturers and the students both recognised the positive use of technology tools and their application for learning purposes and were able to provide their own internet quota, use free or less costly and widely used technology applications, or use already downloaded online material.The study found that the limitation implies on the use of out of classroom learning environment as support to help students collaborate and work on the learning tasks. In-class teaching learning activities were oriented to clarify learning activities conducted out of classroom and as a compensate to dispense and transmit knowledge, to provide mindful guidance when executing learning tasks and to foster reflection. The teaching with technology showed that the implementation was combined with general instruction strategies that include lecture-based instruction, group work and classroom discussion as well as involving activities that were done outside of the classroom both by the lecturers and the students.
A superconducting nanowire spiking element for neural networks
Creators: name: Toomey, Emily
name: Segall, Ken
name: Castellani, Matteo
name: Colangelo, Marco
name: Lynch, Nancy
name: Berggren, Karl K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Emerging Technologies (cs.ET)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: As the limits of traditional von Neumann computing come into view, the brain's ability to communicate vast quantities of information using low-power spikes has become an increasing source of inspiration for alternative architectures. Key to the success of these largescale neural networks is a power-efficient spiking element that is scalable and easily interfaced with traditional control electronics. In this work, we present a spiking element fabricated from superconducting nanowires that has pulse energies on the order of ~10 aJ. We demonstrate that the device reproduces essential characteristics of biological neurons, such as a refractory period and a firing threshold. Through simulations using experimentally measured device parameters, we show how nanowire-based networks may be used for inference in image recognition, and that the probabilistic nature of nanowire switching may be exploited for modeling biological processes and for applications that rely on stochasticity.
description: 5 main figures; 7 supplemental figures
THE IMPACT OF LOCAL LABOR MARKET CONDITIONS ON THE OFF-FARM EARNINGS OF FARM OPERATORS
Creators: name: Gunter, Lewell F.
name: McNamara, Kevin T.
name: Gunter, Lewell F.
name: McNamara, Kevin T.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1990
Subjects: Labor and Human Capital

description: Local labor market characteristics are theoretically relevant to the determination of off-farm earnings of farm operators, but the empirical analysis of these effects has been hindered by a lack of appropriate data. This study employs the new census public use micro-data sample, PUMS-D, to investigate the effect of local labor market characteristics on off-farm earnings of farm operators. The PUMS-D data allow local characteristics to be defined on a labor market area basis, rather than on a political boundary basis. For a sample of Georgia farm operators, local labor market size, unemployment rates, and industrial structure were found to have significant impacts on off-farm employment and earnings.
A VARIABLE PRICE SUPPORT FARM PROGRAM: A TRANSITION TOOL TO A FREE MARKET
Creators: name: Huang, Wen-Yuan
name: Hyberg, Bengt
name: Segarra, Eduardo
name: Huang, Wen-Yuan
name: Hyberg, Bengt
name: Segarra, Eduardo
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1990
Subjects: Agricultural Finance

description: This paper analyzes a variable price support program (VPS) as an alternative to the current farm income support program. The VPS program can control U.S. agricultural production while protecting income of small farmers. The VPS is designed to alter farm level production decisions by reducing commodity support prices for each additional unit of production produced. This will serve to discourage excess aggregate production. The VPS program can be a mechanism to stabilize income of efficient small farms during the transition from the current farm programs to a free market environment. An illustrative study is used to target government program benefits to various farm-size groups.
Mini-dark halos with intermediate mass black holes
Creators: name: Zhao, HongSheng
name: Silk, Joseph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We argue that the Milky Way (MW) contains thousands intermediate mass black holes (IMBHs) and minihalos with a fraction of IMBHs still being enshrouded in extremely dense mini-spikes of dark matter (DM) particles. Each containing $10^6\msun$ of dark particles and no baryons in a sphere of 50 pc radius, the minihalos are dense enough to survive the Milky Way tide with the nearest minihalo within 2 kpc from the Sun. The IMBH is formed off-centre in a minihalo by gas accretion, and its growth adiabatically compresses a finite density of surrounding dark matter into a $r^{-1.5}$ mini-spike. Some IMBHs recentre on their minihalos after dynamical friction, and some IMBHs are ejected by birth kicks. Detectable by GLAST, the mini-spikes and minihalos should stand out the background and dominate the neutralino annihilation in the smooth MW and satellite galaxies. If they are the unidentified EGRET sources, upper limits can be set on the branching ratio of neutralino annihilation. The supermassive BH of the MW, if orginates from an IMBH, is also likely enshrouded with a mini-spike.
description: Expanded figures and abstract from published version
Quantum correlations in inflationary spectra and violation of Bell inequalities
Creators: name: Campo, David
name: Parentani, Renaud
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In spite of the macroscopic character of the fluctuation amplitudes, we show that the standard inflationary distribution of primordial density fluctuations still exhibits inherently quantum mechanical correlations (which cannot be mimicked by any classical stochastic ensemble). To this end, we propose a Gedanken experiment for which certain Bell inequalities are violated. We also compute the effect of decoherence and show that the violation persists provided that the decoherence lies below a certain non-vanishing threshold. Moreover, there exists a higher threshold above which no violation of any Bell inequalities can occur, so that the corresponding distributions can be interpreted as stochastic ensembles of classical fluctuations.
description: Proceedings of the conference "100 years in relativity", Sao Paulo, August 22-24. To appear in a special issue of the Brazilian Journal of Physics (BJP)
THE EFFECT OF FOOD LABEL USE ON NUTRIENT INTAKES: AN ENDOGENOUS SWITCHING REGRESSION ANALYSIS
Creators: name: Kim, Sung-Yong
name: Nayga, Rodolfo M.
name: Capps, Oral
name: Kim, Sung-Yong
name: Nayga, Rodolfo M.
name: Capps, Oral
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety

description: This study examines the impact of consumers' use of food labels on selected nutrient intakes of Americans. Endogenous switching regression techniques are employed to control for heterogeneity in the label use decision. When the nutrient intakes of label users and the expected nutrient intakes of label users in the absence of labels are compared, food label use decreases individuals' average daily intakes of calories from total fat and saturated fat, cholesterol, and sodium by 6.90%, 2.10%, 67.60 milligrams, and 29.58 milligrams, respectively. In addition, consumer nutrition label use increases average daily fiber intake by 7.51 grains.
Auger Recombination Coefficients in Type-I Mid-Infrared InGaAsSb Quantum Well Lasers
Creators: name: Eales, Timothy D.
name: Marko, Igor P.
name: Adams, Alfred R.
name: Meyer, Jerry R.
name: Vurgaftman, Igor
name: Sweeney, Stephen J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: From a systematic study of the threshold current density as a function of temperature and hydrostatic pressure, in conjunction with theoretical analysis of the gain and threshold carrier density, we have determined the wavelength dependence of the Auger recombination coefficients in InGaAsSb/GaSb quantum well lasers emitting in the 1.7-3.2 $μ$m wavelength range. From hydrostatic pressure measurements, the non-radiative component of threshold currents for individual lasers was determined continuously as a function of wavelength. The results are analysed to determine the Auger coefficients quantitatively. This procedure involves calculating the threshold carrier density based on device properties, optical losses, and estimated Auger contribution to the total threshold current density. We observe a minimum in the Auger rate around 2.1 $μ$m. A strong increase with decreasing mid-infrared wavelength (< 2 $μ$m) indicates the prominent role of inter-valence Auger transitions to the split-off hole band (CHSH process). Above 2 $μ$m, the increase with wavelength is approximately exponential due to CHCC or CHLH Auger recombination, limiting long wavelength operation. The observed dependence is consistent with that derived by analysing literature values of lasing thresholds for type-I InGaAsSb quantum well diodes. Over the wavelength range considered, the Auger coefficient varies from a minimum of $\leq$ 1x10$ ^{16}$cm$^{4}$s$^{-1}$ at 2.1 $μ$m to ~8x10$^{16}$cm$^{4}$s$^{-1}$ at 3.2 $μ$m.
Ochterus baltazarae Gapud & San Valentin 1977
Creators: name: Kment, Petr
name: Carapezza, Attilio
name: Jindra, Zdeněk
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Ochteridae
Ochterus
Ochterus baltazarae

description: Ochterus baltazarae Gapud & San Valentin, 1977
 Ochterus baltazarae Gapud & San Valentin, 1977: 272, 278 ‒283, 285–286, 288–289, 296–298 (key to species, description, illustrations, variation; partim, except paratypes of Zambales form). HOLOTYPE:, Philippines: Luzon: ʻQuezon National Park, Atimonan, Quezon’ (UPLB).
 Ochterus baltazarae: GAPUD (1986):32, 36–38 (key to species, redescription, illustration); GAPUD (2003):103, 107 (taxonomy, checklist); CHEN et al. (2005): 413 (checklist).
  Distribution. Oriental Region:  Philippines: Luzon (GAPUD & SAN VALENTIN 1977).
 Note. Specimens of ‘ Zambales form’ belong actually to O. luzonicus Gapud, 2003 (GAPUD 2003).
description: Published as part of Kment, Petr, Carapezza, Attilio & Jindra, Zdeněk, 2020, Taxonomic catalogue of the family Ochteridae with description of Ochterus papaceki sp. nov. from Socotra Island and Tanzania (Hemiptera: Heteroptera), pp. 23-64 in Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 60 (1) on page 35, DOI: 10.37520/aemnp.2020.003, http://zenodo.org/record/3879659
Social Influences in Recommendation Systems
Creators: name: Puspitaningrum, Diyah
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: H.3; G.2
subject: 68-06

description: Social networking sites such as Flickr and Facebook allow users to share content with family, friends, and interest groups. Also, tags can often assign to resources. In the previous research using few association rules FAR, we have seen that high-quality and efficient association-based tag recommendation is possible, but the set-up that we considered was very generic and did not take social information into account. The proposed method in the previous paper, FAR, in particular, exhibited a favorable trade-off between recommendation quality and runtime. Unfortunately, recommendation quality is unlikely to be optimal because the algorithms are not aware of any social information that may be available. Two proposed approaches take a more social view on tag recommendation regarding the issue: social contact variants and social groups of interest. The user data is varied and used as a source of associations. The adoption of social contact variants has two approaches. The first social variant is User-centered Knowledge, to contrast Collective Knowledge. It improves tag recommendation by grouping historic tag data according to friend relationships and interests. The second variant is dubbed 'social batched personomy' and attempts to address both quality and scalability issues by processing queries in batches instead of individually, such as done in a conventional personomy approach. For the social group of interest, 'community batched personomy' is proposed to provide better accuracy groups of recommendation systems in contrast also to Collective Knowledge. By taking social information into account can enhance the performance of recommendation systems.
description: 6 pages
Lie symmetries for equations in conformal geometries
Creators: name: Hansraj, S.
name: Maharaj, S. D.
name: Msomi, A. M.
name: Govinder, K. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We seek exact solutions to the Einstein field equations which arise when two spacetime geometries are conformally related. Whilst this is a simple method to generate new solutions to the field equations, very few such examples have been found in practice. We use the method of Lie analysis of differential equations to obtain new group invariant solutions to conformally related Petrov type D spacetimes. Four cases arise depending on the nature of the Lie symmetry generator. In three cases we are in a position to solve the master field equation in terms of elementary functions. In the fourth case special solutions in terms of Bessel functions are obtained. These solutions contain known models as special cases.
description: 19 pages, To appear in J. Phys. A
ECONOMICS OF AGROFORESTRY PRODUCTION IN IRRIGATED AGRICULTURE
Creators: name: Knapp, Keith C.
name: Sadorsky, Perry A.
name: Knapp, Keith C.
name: Sadorsky, Perry A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: A dynamic optimization model for agroforestry management is developed where tree biomass and soil salinity evolve over time in response to harvests and irrigation water quantity and quality. The model is applied to agroforestry production in the San Joaquin Valley of California. Optimal water applications are at first increasing in soil salinity, then decreasing, while the harvest decision is relatively robust to changes in most of the underlying economic and physical parameters. Drainwater reuse for agroforestry production also appears promising: both net reuse volumes and the implied net returns to agroforestry are substantial.
Electronic Structure of Multiple Dots
Creators: name: Stopa, M.
name: Vidan, A.
name: Hatano, T.
name: Tarucha, S.
name: Westervelt, R. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate, via spin density functional theory (SDFT) and exact diagonalization, the eigenstates for electrons in a variety of external potentials, including double and triple dots. The SDFT calculations employ realistic wafer profiles and gate geometries and also serve as the basis for the exact diagonalization calculations. The exchange interaction J between electrons is the difference between singlet and triplet ground state energies and reflects competition between tunneling and the exchange matrix element, both of which result from overlap in the barrier. For double dots, a characteristic transition from singlet ground state to triplet ground state (positive to negative J) is calculated. For the triple dot geometry with 2 electrons we also find the electronic structure with exact diagonalization. For larger electron number (18 and 20) we use only SDFT. In contrast to the double dot case, the triple dot case shows a quasi-periodic fluctuation of J with magnetic field which we attribute to periodic variations of the basis states in response to changing flux quanta threading the triple dot structure.
description: 3 pages, 4 figures
SOCIAL CAPITAL, TRUST, AND THE AGRIBUSINESS OF ECONOMICS
Creators: name: Wilson, Paul N.
name: Wilson, Paul N.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: Institutional and Behavioral Economics

description: Economists, including agricultural economists, have a long history of recognizing the importance of the behavioral foundations in decision making while ignoring these observable human dimensions in their economic models. The economics of social capital and trust, two important human characteristics influencing decisions, have captured the attention of economists in recent years. Recent empirical work demonstrates that social capital and trust considerations are prevalent and economically significant, especially in business. Trust alters the terms of trade, generates decision flexibility, reduces transaction costs, and creates additional time resources for management.
Energy-Efficient UAV-Assisted Mobile Edge Computing: Resource Allocation and Trajectory Optimization
Creators: name: Li, Mushu
name: Cheng, Nan
name: Gao, Jie
name: Wang, Yinlu
name: Zhao, Lian
name: Xuemin
name: Shen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: In this paper, we study unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) assisted mobile edge computing (MEC) with the objective to optimize computation offloading with minimum UAV energy consumption. In the considered scenario, a UAV plays the role of an aerial cloudlet to collect and process the computation tasks offloaded by ground users. Given the service requirements of users, we aim to maximize UAV energy efficiency by jointly optimizing the UAV trajectory, the user transmit power, and computation load allocation. The resulting optimization problem corresponds to nonconvex fractional programming, and the Dinkelbach algorithm and the successive convex approximation (SCA) technique are adopted to solve it. Furthermore, we decompose the problem into multiple subproblems for distributed and parallel problem solving. To cope with the case when the knowledge of user mobility is limited, we adopt a spatial distribution estimation technique to predict the location of ground users so that the proposed approach can still be applied. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach for maximizing the energy efficiency of UAV.
description: 33 pages, 7 figures, IEEE single-column journal
A MERLIN Observation of PSR B1951+32 and its associated Plerion
Creators: name: Golden, A.
name: Bourke, S.
name: Clyne, G.
name: Butler, R. F.
name: Shearer, A.
name: Muxlow, T. W. B.
name: Brisken, W. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In an investigative 16 hour L band observation using the MERLIN radio interferometric array, we have resolved both the pulsar PSR B1951+32 and structure within the flat spectral radio continuum region, believed to be the synchrotron nebula associated with the interaction of the pulsar and its `host' supernova remnant CTB 80. The extended structure we see, significant at $\sim$ 4.5 $σ$, is of dimensions 2.5" $\times$ 0.75", and suggests a sharp bow shaped arc of shocked emission, which is correlated with similar structure observed in lower resolution radio maps and X-ray images. Using this MERLIN data as a new astrometric reference for other multiwavelength data we can place the pulsar at one edge of the HST reported optical synchrotron knot, ruling out previous suggested optical counterparts, and allowing an elementary analysis of the optical synchrotron emission which appears to trail the pulsar. The latter is possibly a consequence of pulsar wind replenishment, and we suggest that the knot is a result of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) instabilities. These being so, it suggests a dynamical nature to the optical knot, which will require high resolution optical observations to confirm.
description: 12 pages, 2 figures. Accepted for publication in ApJL
STATE TRADING VERSUS EXPORT SUBSIDIES: THE CASE OF CANADIAN WHEAT
Creators: name: Alston, Julian M.
name: Gray, Richard S.
name: Alston, Julian M.
name: Gray, Richard S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: International Relations/Trade

description: Canada and the United States have used different trade policies to support their wheat industries. Canada conferred sole export powers to the Canadian Wheat Board, allowing it to price discriminate among markets. The U.S. government has funded transfers to its wheat producers from taxpayers, instead, through export subsidies. This study compares these two ways of supporting producers in terms of their transfer efficiency and overall deadweight losses, the incidence on different domestic interest groups, and their consequences for third party traders. In the analysis we consider the implications of market power of wheat marketing firms for the comparison of policy alternatives in the context of the Canadian wheat industry.
Design of a $β$-Ga$_2$O$_3$ Schottky Barrier Diode With p-type III-Nitride Guard Ring for Enhanced Breakdown
Creators: name: Roy, Saurav
name: Bhattacharyya, Arkka
name: Krishnamoorthy, Sriram
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This work presents the electrostatic analysis of a novel Ga$_2$O$_3$ vertical Schottky diode with three different guard ring configurations to reduce the peak electric field at the metal edges. Highly doped p-type GaN, p-type nonpolar AlGaN and polarization doped graded p-AlGaN are simulated and analyzed as the guard ring material, which forms a heterojunction with the Ga$_2$O$_3$ drift layer. Guard ring with non-polar graded p-AlGaN with a bandgap larger than Ga$_2$O$_3$ is found to show the best performance in terms of screening the electric field at the metal edges. The proposed guard ring configuration is also compared with a reported Ga$_2$O$_3$ Schottky diode with no guard ring and a structure with a high resistive Nitrogen-doped guard ring. The optimized design is predicted to have breakdown voltage as high as 5.3 kV and a specific on-resistance of 3.55 m$Ω$-cm$^2$ which leads to an excellent power figure of merit of 7.91 GW/cm$^2$.
Quantum-enhanced algorithms for classical target detection in complex environments
Creators: name: Weichman, Peter B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum computational approaches to some classic target identification and localization algorithms, especially for radar images, are investigated, and are found to raise a number of quantum statistics and quantum measurement issues with much broader applicability. Such algorithms are computationally intensive, involving coherent processing of large sensor data sets in order to extract a small number of low profile targets from a cluttered background. Target enhancement is accomplished through accurate statistical characterization of the environment, followed by optimal identification of statistical outliers. The key result of the work is that the environmental covariance matrix estimation and manipulation at the heart of the statistical analysis actually enables a highly efficient quantum implementation. The algorithm is inspired by recent approaches to quantum machine learning, but requires significant extensions, including previously overlooked `quantum analog--digital' conversion steps (which are found to substantially increase the required number of qubits), `quantum statistical' generalization of the classic phase estimation and Grover search algorithms, and careful consideration of projected measurement operations. Application regimes where quantum efficiencies could enable significant overall algorithm speedup are identified. Key possible bottlenecks, such as data loading and conversion, are identified as well.
description: 31 pages, 3 figures
Tomos agapis. Dokumentation zum Dialog der Liebe zwischen dem Hl. Stuhl und dem ökumenischen Patriarchat 1958-1976
Creators: name: Davids, A.
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 64 (1980): Oriens christianus, Band 64
AN EMPIRICAL EXAMINATION OF OPTIMAL ROTATIONS IN A MULTIPLE-USE FOREST IN THE PRESENCE OF FIRE RISK
Creators: name: Englin, Jeffrey E.
name: Boxall, Peter C.
name: Hauer, Grant
name: Englin, Jeffrey E.
name: Boxall, Peter C.
name: Hauer, Grant
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: Fires are an important and natural component of forest ecosystems that affect the timber value of forests, and thus optimal rotations. Fire also affects amenity values provided by forests. This analysis examines the relationships among forest fire risk, timber values, and amenity values in a Faustmann rotation framework. An empirical application of the model is presented where jack pine growth in the Canadian Shield region is integrated with the nonmarket values associated with wilderness recreation. The results suggest that while the rotation period of jack pine is shorter in the presence of fire risk, the inclusion of this particular amenity would lengthen rotation periods. The level of visits to the wilderness area has a significant effect on the rotation period. Failure to account for backcountry recreation in rotations of forests in multiple-use wilderness areas of the Canadian Shield would result in suboptimal management.
Accounting for anisoplanatic point spread function in deep wide-field adaptive optics images
Creators: name: Cresci, G.
name: Davies, R. I.
name: Baker, A. J.
name: Lehnert, M. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we present the approach we have used to determine and account for the anisoplanatic point spread function (PSF) in deep adaptive optics (AO) images for the Survey of a Wide Area with NACO (SWAN) at the ESO VLT. The survey comprises adaptive optics observations in the Ks band totaling ~ 30 arcmin^2, assembled from 42 discrete fields centered on different bright stars suitable for AO guiding. We develop a parametric model of the PSF variations across the field of view in order to build an accurate model PSF for every galaxy detected in each of the fields. We show that this approach is particularly convenient, as it uses only easily available data and makes no uncertain assumptions about the stability of the isoplanatic angle during any given night. The model was tested using simulated galaxy profiles to check its performance in terms of recovering the correct morphological parameters; we find that the results are reliable up to Ks ~ 20.5 (K_AB ~ 22.3) in a typical SWAN field. Finally, the model obtained was used to derive the first results from five SWAN fields, and to obtain the AO morphology of 55 galaxies brighter than Ks = 20. These preliminary results demonstrate the unique power of AO observations to derive the details of faint galaxy morphologies and to study galaxy evolution.
description: 12 pages, 12 figures. Accepted for publication in A&A
High-Performance Carbon Nanotube Field-Effect Transistor with Tunable Polarities
Creators: name: Lin, Yu-Ming
name: Appenzeller, Joerg
name: Knoch, Joachim
name: Avouris, Phaedon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: State-of-the-art carbon nanotube field-effect transistors (CNFETs) behave as Schottky barrier (SB)-modulated transistors. It is known that vertical scaling of the gate oxide significantly improves the performance of these devices. However, decreasing the oxide thickness also results in pronounced ambipolar transistor characteristics and increased drain leakage currents. Using a novel device concept, we have fabricated high-performance, enhancement-mode CNFETs exhibiting n or p-type unipolar behavior, tunable by electrostatic and/or chemical doping, with excellent OFF-state performance and a steep subthreshold swing (S =63 mV/dec). The device design allows for aggressive oxide thickness and gate length scaling while maintaining the desired device characteristics.
description: 26 pages, 12 figures, accepted for IEEE Trans. Nanotechnology
Stochastic resonance in elderly tactile sensation
Creators: name: Wells, Cari
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: A common symptom of ageing is an increase in vibrotactile detection thresholds, especially in the feet. A hypothesized result of this increase is dysfunction in those aspects of gait that rely on footsole cutaneous input. One way of ameliorating elevated thresholds is by the use of stochastic resonance (SR), a non-linear phenomenon where the addition of noise to a subthreshold signal renders the signal detectable. The effect of SR on elderly vibrotactile thresholds was investigated using 3 studies. In the first study, detection thresholds for vibration sensitivity were assessed at 4 frequencies, at 55 locations on the footsole, and in young and old participants. Results showed that there were 3 regions of sensitivity on the footsole: the ball/medial arch, the lateral border of the foot and the heel, and the toes. The ordinal pattern of regional sensitivity was age and frequency invariant. In the second study, the effectiveness of SR at lowering vibrotactile detection thresholds from the first study was investigated using a 2 Age x 2 Signal Level x 4 Frequency x 6 Noise Level protocol. Effects were quantified using a psychophysical measure, %Corr. At the 90% signal level, 33% noise optimized %Corr. At the 80% signal level, either 50% or 66% noise produced a maximum in the %Corr measure. In the third study, the effectiveness of SR in lowering vibrotactile differential thresholds was investigated using a 2 Age x 2 SR Condition x 2 Frequency Range x 6 Signal Level design. Results showed that the elderly have higher differential thresholds than the young, however only at hypothesized FAII mediated frequencies. Noise was found to be effective in decreasing differential thresholds in both young and elderly at the hypothesized FAI mediated range, at subthreshold and near-threshold signal levels. At the higher frequency range, noise was only effective in decreasing differential thresholds in younger subjects. It has been hypothesized that elevated detection and differential thresholds may be a factor in dysfunctional gait due to impoverished cutaneous reflex engagement. Together, the results of the three experiments suggest that SR may be useful as a rehabilitative aid for functions, such as gait and grasp, which rely on vibrotactile sensation.
THEORETICAL BASIS OF FRACTOGRAPHIC STUDY OF THE WORKING CHAMBER OF A LINTER UNIT
Creators: name: Akramova, Dilafruz
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: In this paper, a fractographic study of the working chamber of a linter unit and its key component, the agitator , was conducted . The purpose of the study was to analyze wear, cracking, and damage that occur during operation of the unit during the lintering of cotton raw materials. The study showed that the main destruction mechanisms are abrasive wear and fatigue failure caused by friction between the chamber walls and the cotton raw materials, as well as dynamic loads associated with the rotation of the agitator . Based on the data obtained, recommendations are proposed to increase the service life of the equipment by improving materials and optimizing the design. The results of the study can be used to increase the efficiency of linter units and improve the quality of cotton processing.
Understanding the energy dependence of $B_2$ in heavy ion collisions: Interplay of volume and space-momentum correlations
Creators: name: Gaebel, Vincent
name: Bonne, Michel
name: Reichert, Tom
name: Burnic, Ajdin
name: Hillmann, Paula
name: Bleicher, Marcus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The deuteron coalescence parameter $B_2$ in proton+proton and nucleus+nucleus collisions in the energy range of $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=$ 900 - 7000 GeV for proton+proton and $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=$ 2 - 2760 GeV for nucleus+nucleus collisions is analyzed with the Ultrarelativistic Quantum Molecular Dynamics (UrQMD) transport model, supplemented by an event-by-event phase space coalescence model for deuteron and anti-deuteron production. The results are compared to data by the E866, E877, PHENIX, STAR and ALICE experiments. The $B_2$ values are calculated from the final spectra of protons and deuterons. At lower energies, $\sqrt{s_{NN}}\leq 20$ GeV, $B_2$ drops drastically with increasing energy. The calculations confirm that this is due to the increasing freeze-out volume reflected in $B_2\sim 1/V$. At higher energies, $\sqrt{s_{NN}}\geq 20$ GeV, $B_2$ saturates at a constant level. This qualitative change and the vanishing of the volume suppression is shown to be due to the development of strong radial flow with increasing energy. The flow leads to strong space-momentum correlations which counteract the volume effect.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures
Transmission of Slow Light through Photonic Crystal Waveguide Bends
Creators: name: Assefa, Solomon
name: McNab, Sharee J.
name: Vlasov, Yurii A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spectral dependence of a bending loss of cascaded 60-degree bends in photonic crystal (PhC) waveguides is explored in a slab-type silicon-on-insulator system. Ultra-low bending loss of (0.05+/-0.03)dB/bend is measured at wavelengths corresponding to the nearly dispersionless transmission regime. In contrast, the PhC bend is found to become completely opaque for wavelengths range corresponding to the slow light regime. A general strategy is presented and experimentally verified to optimize the bend design for improved slow light transmission.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures; submitted to Optics Letters
RESEARCH CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE SOYBEAN CHECKOFF PROGRAMS
Creators: name: Lim, Hongil
name: Shumway, C. Richard
name: Love, H. Alan
name: Lim, Hongil
name: Shumway, C. Richard
name: Love, H. Alan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy

description: Soybean producers participate in a checkoff program to support research and market development activities. Checkoff funds are used for both yield-enhancing and cost-reducing production research. Using USDA cost-of-production data and a regional modeling framework with greater model pretest support than several alternatives, national marginal returns to producers are estimated to higher for checkoff-supported research than for publicly supported soybean research. They are also higher for checkoff cost reducing than for checkoff yield-enhancing research.
Almost avoiding permutations
Creators: name: Brignall, Robert
name: Ekhad, Shalosh B.
name: Smith, Rebecca
name: Vatter, Vince
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We investigate the notion of almost avoiding a permutation: $π$ almost avoids $β$ if one can remove a single entry from $π$ to obtain a $β$-avoiding permutation.
ASSESSING THE FINANCIAL RISKS OF DIVERSIFIED COFFEE PRODUCTION SYSTEMS: AN ALTERNATIVE NONNORMAL CDF ESTIMATION APPROACH
Creators: name: Ramirez, Octavio A.
name: Sosa, Romeo
name: Ramirez, Octavio A.
name: Sosa, Romeo
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: Risk and Uncertainty

description: Recently developed techniques are adapted and combined for the modeling and simulation of crop yields and prices that can be mutually correlated, exhibit heteroskedasticity or autocorrelation, and follow nonnormal probability density functions. The techniques are applied to the modeling and simulation of probability distribution functions for the returns of three tropical agroforestry systems for coffee production. The importance of using distribution functions that can more closely reflect the statistical behavior of yields and prices for risk analysis is discussed and illustrated.