cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: The role of the cytokines IL-17A and IL-33 in inflammatory arthritis and psoriasis
Creators: name: Hueber, Axel Johannes
Publisher: name: University of Glasgow
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: cytokines, IL-17, IL-33, psoriasis, arthritis.

description: The inflammatory autoimmune diseases rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis and psoriasis have seen a break through in therapy by targeting cytokines in the last decade. Interleukin-17A, a potential new target, is considered as a crucial player in rheumatoid arthritis, and has been suggested to be produced by CD4+ T cells (Th17 cells). I explored the cellular sources of IL-17A in human established RA synovium. Surprisingly, only a small proportion of IL-17 positive cells were T cells without expression of a Th17 marker CCR6. Unexpectedly, the majority of IL-17A expression colocalized within mast cells. These data do not contradict a crucial role for IL-17A in RA pathogenesis, however, suggest that in addition to Th17 cells, cells of the innate immune system, particularly mast cells, may be an important component of the effector IL-17A response. Psoriasis is a common chronic autoimmune disease of the skin characterized by hyperplasia of epidermal keratinocytes with associated inflammation. IL-33 is a new member of the IL-1 superfamily that signals through the ST2 receptor and was originally defined as an inducer of T helper 2 (Th2) cytokines. Recently broader immune potential has been discovered for IL-33 particularly via mast cell activation. With its expression at body barrier surfaces it is assumed to act as an alarmin. In this thesis I demonstrate that IL-33 expression is up regulated in the epidermis of psoriatic lesions, compared to healthy skin, thus indicating that IL-33 may be a mediator regulating crosstalk between keratinocytes and infiltrating immune cells in psoriatic plaques. In a phorbol ester-induced model of skin inflammation ST2-/- mice exhibited reduced cutaneous inflammatory responses compared to WT mice. Furthermore, consecutive injections of IL-33 into the ears of mice induced a psoriasis-like inflammatory lesion. This was partially mast cell dependent and cellular analysis demonstrated recruitment of neutrophils to the ear. This concludes that IL-33, via activation of mast cells and recruitment of neutrophils, may play a role in psoriasis plaque inflammation. In the last part of the thesis I tested if nanoparticles can be utilized to image cytokine driven inflammation. Bio-linkages with protein-nanoparticles have been established and in vivo detection of nanoparticles performed. This final interdisciplinary outlook demonstrates a still to be established/finalized method with great potential.
Barjols, place de la Rouguière, aubade aux patrons de l'hôtel du Pont d'Or
Creators: name: Musée National Des Arts Et Traditions Populaires (Paris)
name: Centre D'ethnologie Française
Publisher: name: École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales; Institut  interdisciplinaire d'anthropologie du contemporain (Paris); Laboratoire d'anthropologie et d'histoire de l'institution de la culture (Paris)
Year: 2024

Abstract
British Gallup Poll CQ 623
Creators: name: Social Surveys (Gallup Poll) Limited
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2022

description: Government approval (1); James Callaghan as Prime Minister (1); Margaret Thatcher as leader of Conservative Party (1); David Steel as leader of Liberal Party (1); party support (2); October 1974 General Election (2); most urgent problem facing country (2); party that can best handle country's problems (1); General Election in near future (2); possible topics discussed at next General Election (12); government's policy on prices and incomes (2); government's policies for tackling the country's economic situation (1); government restricting wage claims (2); government control on prices (2); trade unions' attitude toward prices and incomes policy (1); easing economic restrictions (1); concern for rising prices (1); household financial situation (1); knowledge of small electrical appliance manufacturers (25); simplicity of small electrical appliance use (4); appliance value for money (4); appliance suitability for a gift (4); unreliability of small electrical appliance (4); appliance ahead of its time (4); appliance as everyday product (4); good quality appliance (4); appliance saving time (4); inexpensiveness of appliance (4); Braun products (32); Kenwood products (32); Moulinex products (32); Philips products (32); Moulinex advertisement (1); personal smoking habits (1); brewing beer at home (2); beer making kit (4); household soap brand used (1); soap brand advertisements (1); Fairy Household soap advertisement (1); newspaper read daily (8).
Encrypting Majorana Fermions-qubits as Bound States in the Continuum
Creators: name: Guessi, L. H.
name: Dessotti, F. A.
name: Marques, Y.
name: Ricco, L. S.
name: Pereira, G. M.
name: Menegasso, P.
name: de Souza, M.
name: Seridonio, A. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically investigate a topological Kitaev chain connected to a double quantum-dot (QD) setup hybridized with metallic leads. In this system we observe the emergence of two striking phenomena: (i) a decrypted Majorana fermion (MF) qubit recorded over a single QD, which is detectable by means of conductance measurements due to the asymmetrical MF-qubit leaked state into the QDs; (ii) an encrypted qubit recorded in both QDs when the leakage is symmetrical. In such a regime, we have a cryptographylike manifestation, since the MF qubit becomes bound states in the continuum, which is not detectable in conductance experiments.
Examining the Effects of Retrieval Practice on Memory for Temporal-Contextual Information
Creators: name: Fordyce, Amanda Lynn
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2023
Subjects: Memory and attention

description: Numerous studies have shown retrieval practice to be an effective strategy for improving memory. One account proposed to explain this benefit is the episodic context account (Karpicke et al., 2014). This account proposes that contextual information is reinstated and updated when an item is retrieved. This updated context is then used to aid in retrieval. Examining memory for contextual information, in addition to item memory, may provide additional insight into retrieval practice and what contextual cues are relevant in retrieval. The current study examined memory for temporal-contextual information at 2 different grain sizes: (a) memory for which list a word occurred in, and (b) memory for when an item occurred within a list. Previous research has shown that retrieval practice enhances memory for list temporal contextual information, as assessed by a list discrimination task (Brewer et al., 2010; Chan & McDermott, 2007). In contrast, Karpicke and Zaromb (2010) found worse memory following retrieval practice (relative to restudy) for within-list temporal-contextual information, as assessed by an order reconstruction task. In both experiments of the current study, participants studied multiple lists of words and either engaged in a word stem completion cued recall task, or restudied the words. Our results were partially consistent with previous research. We found no difference in performance between the retrieval practice and restudy groups when assessed on a list discrimination test. However, performance was worse for the retrieval practice group relative to restudy when assessed on an order reconstruction task. Finally, in both experiments, there was no difference in recognition accuracy. Overall, our results suggest that certain retrieval practice tasks may differentially affect memory for various grain sizes of temporal-contextual information.
Frobenius structures over Hilbert C*-modules
Creators: name: Heunen, Chris
name: Reyes, Manuel L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study the monoidal dagger category of Hilbert C*-modules over a commutative C*-algebra from the perspective of categorical quantum mechanics. The dual objects are the finitely presented projective Hilbert C*-modules. Special dagger Frobenius structures correspond to bundles of uniformly finite-dimensional C*-algebras. A monoid is dagger Frobenius over the base if and only if it is dagger Frobenius over its centre and the centre is dagger Frobenius over the base. We characterise the commutative dagger Frobenius structures as finite coverings, and give nontrivial examples of both commutative and central dagger Frobenius structures. Subobjects of the tensor unit correspond to clopen subsets of the Gelfand spectrum of the C*-algebra, and we discuss dagger kernels.
description: 35 pages
Possible formation pathways for the low density Neptune-mass planet HAT-P-26b
Creators: name: Ali-Dib, Mohamad
name: Lakhlani, Gunjan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate possible pathways for the formation of the low density Neptune-mass planet HAT-P-26b. We use two formation different models based on pebbles and planetesimals accretion, and includes gas accretion, disk migration and simple photoevaporation. The models tracks the atmospheric oxygen abundance, in addition to the orbital period, and mass of the forming planets, that we compare to HAT-P-26b. We find that pebbles accretion can explain this planet more naturally than planetesimals accretion that fails completely unless we artificially enhance the disk metallicity significantly. Pebble accretion models can reproduce HAT-P-26b with either a high initial core mass and low amount of envelope enrichment through core erosion or pebbles dissolution, or the opposite, with both scenarios being possible. Assuming a low envelope enrichment factor as expected from convection theory and comparable to the values we can infer from the D/H measurements in Uranus and Neptune, our most probable formation pathway for HAT-P-26b is through pebble accretion starting around 10 AU early in the disk's lifetime.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Frühe Siedlungsspuren östlich der Domburg – Münster vom 10. bis 12. Jahrhundert
Creators: name: Vermehren, Jan-Hendrik
Publisher: name: Archäologie in Westfalen-Lippe
Year: 2022

description: .
description: Archäologie in Westfalen-Lippe, ARCHÄOLOGIE IN WESTFALEN-LIPPE 2020 (2021)
Massively Parallel Computation of Accurate Densities for N-body Dark Matter Simulations using the Phase-Space-Element Method
Creators: name: Kaehler, Ralf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: B.4.2; D.1.3; I.3.5
subject: 85-08

description: This paper presents an accurate density computation approach for large dark matter simulations, based on a recently introduced phase-space tessellation technique and designed for massively parallel, heterogeneous cluster architectures. We discuss a memory efficient construction of an oct-tree structure to sample the mass densities with locally adaptive resolution, according to the features of the underlying tetrahedral tessellation. We propose an efficient GPU implementation for the computationally intensive operation of intersecting the tetrahedra with the cubical cells of the deposit grid, that achieves a speedup of almost an order of magnitude compared to an optimized CPU version. We discuss two dynamic load balancing schemes - the first exchanges particle data between cluster nodes and deposits all tetrahedra for each block of the grid structure on single nodes, whereas the second approach uses global reduction operations to obtain the total masses. We demonstrate the scalability of our algorithms for up to 256 GPUs and TB-sized simulation snapshots, resulting in tessellations with over 400 billion tetrahedra.
description: accepted manuscript; code implementation available at https://github.com/kaehlerr/ADECO
Single Field Double Inflation and Primordial Black Holes
Creators: name: Kannike, Kristjan
name: Marzola, Luca
name: Raidal, Martti
name: Veermäe, Hardi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Within the framework of scalar-tensor theories, we study the conditions that allow single field inflation dynamics on small cosmological scales to significantly differ from that of the large scales probed by the observations of cosmic microwave background. The resulting single field double inflation scenario is characterised by two consequent inflation eras, usually separated by a period where the slow-roll approximation fails. At large field values the dynamics of the inflaton is dominated by the interplay between its non-minimal coupling to gravity and the radiative corrections to the inflaton self-coupling. For small field values the potential is, instead, dominated by a polynomial that results in a hilltop inflation. Without relying on the slow-roll approximation, which is invalidated by the appearance of the intermediate stage, we propose a concrete model that matches the current measurements of inflationary observables and employs the freedom granted by the framework on small cosmological scales to give rise to a sizeable population of primordial black holes generated by large curvature fluctuations. We find that these features generally require a potential with a local minimum. We show that the associated primordial black hole mass function is only approximately lognormal.
description: 14 pages, 2 figures. Added references, corrected typos. To appear in JCAP
The $2$-Selmer group of a number field and heuristics for narrow class groups and signature ranks of units
Creators: name: Dummit, David S.
name: Voight, John
name: Foote, appendix with Richard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We investigate in detail a homomorphism which we call the 2-Selmer signature map from the $2$-Selmer group of a number field $K$ to a nondegenerate symmetric space, in particular proving the image is a maximal totally isotropic subspace. Applications include precise predictions on the density of fields $K$ with given narrow class group 2-rank and with given unit group signature rank. In addition to theoretical evidence, extensive computations for totally real cubic and quintic fields are presented that match the predictions extremely well. In an appendix with Richard Foote, we classify the maximal totally isotropic subspaces of orthogonal direct sums of two nondegenerate symmetric spaces over perfect fields of characteristic 2 and derive some consequences, including a mass formula for such subspaces.
description: 48 pages, small corrections made
Wieviel Fachunterricht ist nötig und wo wird fachverbindender Unterricht möglich? — Entwicklung eines Strukturmodells für problemorientierte Bildungsgänge unter bildungstheoretischer Reflexion der Kompetenzorientierung im Spiegel des Schlüsselproblemansatzes Wolfgang Klafkis
Creators: name: Held, Tobias
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Kompetenzen, Fachverbindender Unterricht, Fachunterricht, Fachdidaktik, Didaktik, Bildungswissenschaft, Interdisziplinäre Forschung, Bildungstheorie, Problemorientierung, Lehr-Lern-Theorie
subject: 300
subject: 370
subject: 373
subject: 375
subject: 379
subject: 150

description: Kinder und Jugendliche müssen angesichts wachsender globaler Herausforderungen zukunftsorientierte Kompetenzen für ihre eigene Lebenswelt und gesellschaftlichen Perspektiven entwickeln. Hier stellt sich die Frage, an welche Ausgangslagen formale bzw. kompetenzorientierte Bildungsprozesse anknüpfen sollen (Schreiber & Siege 2016). Als Bildung wird der Prozess der Auseinandersetzung des Individuums mit seiner Umwelt bezeichnet, in dem es sich die Welt und sein Selbst verstehend erschließt (Klafki 1980). Diese im stetigen Wandel befindliche Umwelt präsentiert sich den Lernenden nicht fachsepariert, sondern ganzheitlich. Daher kommt es drauf an, „zu bestimmen, was die einzelnen Wissensbereiche zu leisten vermögen, was ihre Möglichkeiten überschreitet und inwiefern sie notwendige Momente des Bildungsganzen sind“ (Fischer 1975, S. 5). Klafki (1995) forderte diesbezüglich in seinem Bildungskonzept den Abbau selektiver und trennender Momente von Schulstrukturen. Schule und Unterricht sollen auf epochaltypische Schlüsselprobleme konzentriert werden. Im Zuge der letzten Bildungsreformen sind Kompetenzen in Form von Problemlösestrategien allerdings vorwiegend fachspezifisch konzipiert worden (Tenorth et al. 2004). Die Gemeinsamkeit an den fachspezifischen Bildungsstandards (Klieme 2007) und den bildungstheoretischen Forderungen Klafkis (1995) ist die Orientierung an (gesellschaftsrelevanten) Problemen. Allerdings sollte das Problem den Unterricht und nicht der Unterricht das Problem konstituieren (Tenorth 1999). Es besteht also ein Problem mit dem Problem(lösen) im Bildungssystem. Ziel der Arbeit ist es, durch den Vergleich fachspezifischer Kompetenzen von ausgewählten Unterrichtsfächern Gemeinsamkeiten und Unterschiede der fachbezogenen Kompetenzbereiche herauszuarbeiten und kategoriale (fachspezifische) und interkategoriale (fachverbindende) Problemlösefähigkeiten - in Bezug auf Klafkis „kategoriale Bildung“ (1964) - abzuleiten. Hieraus wird ein Vorschlag für ein Strukturmodell für problemorientierte Bildungsgänge erarbeitet, welches der Organisation von Schule und (Fach-)Unterricht dienen soll.
Complete set of essential parameters of an effective theory
Creators: name: Ioffe, M. V.
name: Vereshagin, V. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The present paper continues the series [V. V. Vereshagin, True self-energy function and reducibility in effective scalar theories, Phys. Rev. D 89, 125022 (2014); A. Vereshagin and V. Vereshagin, Resultant parameters of effective theory, Phys. Rev. D 69, 025002 (2004); K. Semenov-Tian-Shansky, A. Vereshagin, and V. Vereshagin, S-matrix renormalization in effective theories, Phys. Rev. D 73, 025020 (2006)] devoted to the systematic study of effective scattering theories. We consider matrix elements of the effective Lagrangian monomials (in the interaction picture) of arbitrary high dimension D and show that the full set of corresponding coupling constants contains parameters of both kinds: essential and redundant. Since it would be pointless to formulate renormalization prescriptions for redundant parameters, it is necessary to select the full set of the essential ones. This is done in the present paper for the case of the single scalar field.
description: 10 pages, the final journal version
British Gallup Poll CQ 628
Creators: name: Social Surveys (Gallup Poll) Limited
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2022

description: Government approval (1); James Callaghan job performance (1); Margaret Thatcher job performance (1); David Steel job performance (1); party support (2); 1974 General Election (2); urgent problems (2); party to handle problems (1); next general election (2); government income & price policy (5); government controlling prices (1); rising prices stoppable (1); trade union response to policy (1); economic restrictions (1); top managers salary increase (3); United States opinion (2); Russia opinion (2); bought sewing machine (4); vinyl adhesive (1); banks (39); bathroom at work (5); candy (33).
L'analisi economica del diritto penale dalla teoria alla pratica. Il livello di efficienza delle opzioni normative in tema di tossicodipendenza e criminalit� correlata
Creators: name: Pesce, Francesca
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Trento
Year: 2019

description: Il presente volume, che si inserisce nel progetto di ricerca ?Analisi economica delle opzioni normative previste dall?ordinamento nella lotta contro la tossicodipendenza e la criminalit� correlata?, invita alla riflessione sull?opportunit� di accogliere il metodo dell?analisi economica del diritto penale quale nuovo e ulteriore paradigma di riferimento per il miglioramento dell?ordinamento penale ed efficiente antidoto al proliferare dei suoi fallimenti, delle sue fragilit� e delle sue pericolose e nocive strumentalizzazioni politiche. L?analisi economica del diritto penale mira alla razionalizzazione delle norme penali a livello legislativo, giurisprudenziale ed esecutivo, introducendo nella loro valutazione anche il criterio di efficienza: la capacit� di raggiungere gli obiettivi prefissati (massimizzazione del benessere collettivo) al minor costo sociale possibile (inteso come insieme dei costi umani ed economici). Gli esiti della ricerca hanno dimostrato l?effettiva utilit� dell?analisi economica del diritto penale in questo ambito, ottenendo risultati vagliati dal metodo scientifico, che dovrebbero guidare le decisioni di politica criminale nella creazione e applicazione delle leggi volte ad arginare il fenomeno sociale della tossicodipendenza e della criminalit� correlata.
*K-means and Cluster Models for Cancer Signatures
Creators: name: Kakushadze, Zura
name: Yu, Willie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Genomics (q-bio.GN)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: Statistical Finance (q-fin.ST)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: We present *K-means clustering algorithm and source code by expanding statistical clustering methods applied in https://ssrn.com/abstract=2802753 to quantitative finance. *K-means is statistically deterministic without specifying initial centers, etc. We apply *K-means to extracting cancer signatures from genome data without using nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF). *K-means' computational cost is a fraction of NMF's. Using 1,389 published samples for 14 cancer types, we find that 3 cancers (liver cancer, lung cancer and renal cell carcinoma) stand out and do not have cluster-like structures. Two clusters have especially high within-cluster correlations with 11 other cancers indicating common underlying structures. Our approach opens a novel avenue for studying such structures. *K-means is universal and can be applied in other fields. We discuss some potential applications in quantitative finance.
description: 124 pages, 69 figures; a trivial typo corrected; to appear in Biomolecular Detection and Quantification
A Semantic QA-Based Approach for Text Summarization Evaluation
Creators: name: Chen, Ping
name: Wu, Fei
name: Wang, Tong
name: Ding, Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Many Natural Language Processing and Computational Linguistics applications involves the generation of new texts based on some existing texts, such as summarization, text simplification and machine translation. However, there has been a serious problem haunting these applications for decades, that is, how to automatically and accurately assess quality of these applications. In this paper, we will present some preliminary results on one especially useful and challenging problem in NLP system evaluation: how to pinpoint content differences of two text passages (especially for large pas-sages such as articles and books). Our idea is intuitive and very different from existing approaches. We treat one text passage as a small knowledge base, and ask it a large number of questions to exhaustively identify all content points in it. By comparing the correctly answered questions from two text passages, we will be able to compare their content precisely. The experiment using 2007 DUC summarization corpus clearly shows promising results.
Fast subsurface fingerprint imaging with full-field optical coherence tomography system equipped with a silicon camera
Creators: name: Auksorius, Egidijus
name: Boccara, A. Claude
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Images recorded below the surface of a finger can have more details and be of higher quality than the conventional surface fingerprint images. This is particularly true when the quality of the surface fingerprints is compromised by, for example, moisture or surface damage. However, there is an unmet need for an inexpensive fingerprint sensor that is able to acquire high-quality images deep below the surface in short time. To this end, we report on a cost-effective full-field optical coherent tomography (FF-OCT) system comprised of a silicon camera and a powerful near-infrared LED light source. The system, for example, is able to record 1.7 cm x 1.7 cm en face images in 0.12 s with the spatial sampling rate of 2116 dots per inch and the sensitivity of 93 dB. We show that the system can be used to image internal fingerprints and sweat ducts with a good contrast. Finally, to demonstrate its biometric performance, we acquired subsurface fingerprint images from 240 individual fingers and estimated the equal-error-rate to be ~0.8 %. The developed instrument could also be used in other en face deep-tissue imaging applications because of its high sensitivity, such as in vivo skin imaging.
description: 21 pages and 5 figures
Fermion number violating effects in low scale leptogenesis
Creators: name: Eijima, Shintaro
name: Shaposhnikov, Mikhail
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The existence of baryon asymmetry and dark matter in the Universe may be related to CP-violating reactions of three heavy neutral leptons (HNLs) with masses well below the Fermi scale. The dynamical description of the lepton asymmetry generation, which is the key ingredient of baryogenesis and of dark matter production, is quite complicated due to the presence of many different relaxation time scales and the necessity to include quantum-mechanical coherent effects in HNL oscillations. We derive kinetic equations accounting for fermion number violating effects missed so far and identify one of the domains of HNL masses that can potentially lead to large lepton asymmetry generation boosting the sterile neutrino dark matter production.
description: 10 pages, 10 figures, Journal version with corrected misprints
Axisymmetric spreading of surfactant from a point source
Creators: name: Mandre, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Guided by computation, we theoretically calculate the steady flow driven by Marangoni stress due to surfactant introduced on a fluid interface at a constant rate. Two separate extreme cases, where the surfactant dynamics is dominated by the adsorbed phase or the dissolved phase are considered. We focus on the case where the size of the surfactant source is much smaller than the size of the fluid domain, and the resulting Marangoni stress overwhelms viscous forces so that the flow is strongest in a boundary layer close to the interface. We derive the resulting flow in a region much larger than the surfactant source but smaller than the domain size is described by approximating it with a self-similar profile. The radially outward component of fluid velocity decays with the radial distance $r$ as $r^{-3/5}$ when the surfactant spreads in an adsorbed phase, and as $r^{-1}$ when it spreads in a dissolved phase. Universal flow profiles that are independent of the system parameters emerge in both the cases. Three hydrodynamic signatures are identified to distinguish between the two cases and verify the applicability of our analysis with successively stringent tests.
Universal deformation rings and self-injective Nakayama algebras
Creators: name: Bleher, Frauke M.
name: Wackwitz, Daniel J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 16G10

description: Let $k$ be a field and let $Λ$ be an indecomposable finite dimensional $k$-algebra such that there is a stable equivalence of Morita type between $Λ$ and a self-injective split basic Nakayama algebra over $k$. We show that every indecomposable finitely generated $Λ$-module $V$ has a universal deformation ring $R(Λ,V)$ and we describe $R(Λ,V)$ explicitly as a quotient ring of a power series ring over $k$ in finitely many variables. This result applies in particular to Brauer tree algebras, and hence to $p$-modular blocks of finite groups with cyclic defect groups.
description: 24 pages
Statistical distribution of the Stern sequence
Creators: name: Bettin, Sandro
name: Drappeau, Sary
name: Spiegelhofer, Lukas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11B83, 11B57 (Primary), 37C30, 37A45 (Secondary)

description: We prove that the Stern diatomic sequence is asymptotically distributed according to a normal law, on a logarithmic scale. This is obtained by studying complex moments, and the analytic properties of a transfer operator.
description: 13 pages
Relative generalized matrix weights of matrix codes for universal security on wire-tap networks
Creators: name: Martínez-Peñas, Umberto
name: Matsumoto, Ryutaroh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 15A03, 15B33, 94B05, 94C99

description: Universal security over a network with linear network coding has been intensively studied. However, previous linear codes and code pairs used for this purpose were linear over a larger field than that used on the network, which restricts the possible packet lengths of optimal universal secure codes, does not allow to apply known list-decodable rank-metric codes and requires performing operations over a large field. In this work, we introduce new parameters (relative generalized matrix weights and relative dimension/rank support profile) for code pairs that are linear over the field used in the network, and show that they measure the universal security performance of these code pairs. For one code and non-square matrices, generalized matrix weights coincide with the existing Delsarte generalized weights, hence we prove the connection between these latter weights and secure network coding, which was left open. As main applications, the proposed new parameters enable us to: 1) Obtain optimal universal secure linear codes on noiseless networks for all possible packet lengths, in particular for packet lengths not considered before, 2) Obtain the first universal secure list-decodable rank-metric code pairs with polynomial-sized lists, based on a recent construction by Guruswami et al, and 3) Obtain new characterizations of security equivalences of linear codes. Finally, we show that our parameters extend relative generalized Hamming weights and relative dimension/length profile, respectively, and relative generalized rank weights and relative dimension/intersection profile, respectively.
description: 21 pages, LaTeX; Parts of this manuscript have been presented at the 54th Annual Allerton Conference on Communication, Control, and Computing, Monticello, IL, USA, 2016. Conference version available at arXiv:1607.01263
Nucleosynthesis in the Innermost Ejecta of Neutrino-Drive Supernova Explosions in Two Dimensions
Creators: name: Wanajo, Shinya
name: Müller, Bernhard
name: Janka, Hans-Thomas
name: Heger, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the nucleosynthesis in the innermost, neutrino-processed ejecta (a few $10^{-3}\,M_\odot$) of self-consistent, two-dimensional explosion models of core-collapse supernovae for six progenitor stars with different initial masses. Three models have initial masses near the low-mass end of the supernova range, $8.8\,M_\odot$ (e8.8; electron-capture supernova), $9.6\,M_\odot$ (z9.6), and $8.1\,M_\odot$ (u8.1), with initial metallicities of 1, 0, and $10^{-4}$ times the solar metallicity, respectively. The other three are solar-metallicity models with initial masses of $11.2\,M_\odot$ (s11), $15\,M_\odot$ (s15), and $27\,M_\odot$ (s27). The low-mass models e8.8, z9.6, and u8.1 exhibit high production factors (nucleosynthetic abundances relative to the solar ones) of 100--200 for light trans-iron elements from Zn to Zr. This is associated with appreciable ejection of neutron-rich matter in these models. Remarkably, the nucleosynthetic outcomes for progenitors e8.8 and z9.6 are almost identical, including interesting productions of $^{48}$Ca and $^{60}$Fe, irrespective of their quite different (O-Ne-Mg and Fe) cores prior to collapse. In the more massive models s11, s15, and s27, several proton-rich isotopes of light trans-iron elements, including the $p$-isotope $^{92}$Mo (for s27) are made, up to production factors of $\sim$30. Both electron-capture and core-collapse supernovae near the low-mass end can therefore be dominant contributors to the Galactic inventory of light trans-iron elements from Zn to Zr and probably $^{48}$Ca and live $^{60}$Fe. The innermost ejecta of more massive supernovae may have only sub-dominant contributions to the chemical enrichment of the Galaxy except for $^{92}$Mo.
description: 25 pages, 15 figures, accepted by ApJ
High-speed noise-free optical quantum memory
Creators: name: Kaczmarek, K. T.
name: Ledingham, P. M.
name: Brecht, B.
name: Thomas, S. E.
name: Thekkadath, G. S.
name: Lazo-Arjona, O.
name: Munns, J. H. D.
name: Poem, E.
name: Feizpour, A.
name: Saunders, D. J.
name: Nunn, J.
name: Walmsley, I. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum networks promise to revolutionise computing, simulation, and communication. Light is the ideal information carrier for quantum networks, as its properties are not degraded by noise in ambient conditions, and it can support large bandwidths enabling fast operations and a large information capacity. Quantum memories, devices that store, manipulate, and release on demand quantum light, have been identified as critical components of photonic quantum networks, because they facilitate scalability. However, any noise introduced by the memory can render the device classical by destroying the quantum character of the light. Here we introduce an intrinsically noise-free memory protocol based on two-photon off-resonant cascaded absorption (ORCA). We consequently demonstrate for the first time successful storage of GHz-bandwidth heralded single photons in a warm atomic vapour with no added noise; confirmed by the unaltered photon statistics upon recall. Our ORCA memory platform meets the stringent noise-requirements for quantum memories whilst offering technical simplicity and high-speed operation, and therefore is immediately applicable to low-latency quantum networks.
Rotation equivariant vector field networks
Creators: name: Marcos, Diego
name: Volpi, Michele
name: Komodakis, Nikos
name: Tuia, Devis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In many computer vision tasks, we expect a particular behavior of the output with respect to rotations of the input image. If this relationship is explicitly encoded, instead of treated as any other variation, the complexity of the problem is decreased, leading to a reduction in the size of the required model. In this paper, we propose the Rotation Equivariant Vector Field Networks (RotEqNet), a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) architecture encoding rotation equivariance, invariance and covariance. Each convolutional filter is applied at multiple orientations and returns a vector field representing magnitude and angle of the highest scoring orientation at every spatial location. We develop a modified convolution operator relying on this representation to obtain deep architectures. We test RotEqNet on several problems requiring different responses with respect to the inputs' rotation: image classification, biomedical image segmentation, orientation estimation and patch matching. In all cases, we show that RotEqNet offers extremely compact models in terms of number of parameters and provides results in line to those of networks orders of magnitude larger.
description: 10 pages, accepted at ICCV 2017
Improving the upper bound on the length of the shortest reset words
Creators: name: Szykuła, Marek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Formal Languages and Automata Theory (cs.FL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We improve the best known upper bound on the length of the shortest reset words of synchronizing automata. The new bound is slightly better than $114 n^3 / 685 + O(n^2)$. The Černý conjecture states that $(n-1)^2$ is an upper bound. So far, the best general upper bound was $(n^3-n)/6-1$ obtained by J.-E.~Pin and P.~Frankl in 1982. Despite a number of efforts, it remained unchanged for about 35 years. To obtain the new upper bound we utilize avoiding words. A word is avoiding for a state $q$ if after reading the word the automaton cannot be in $q$. We obtain upper bounds on the length of the shortest avoiding words, and using the approach of Trahtman from 2011 combined with the well known Frankl theorem from 1982, we improve the general upper bound on the length of the shortest reset words. For all the bounds, there exist polynomial algorithms finding a word of length not exceeding the bound.
description: STACS 2018 version with the open problems section extended
From Wissenschaft des Judentums to Wissenschaft des Islams : Eugen Mittwoch between Jewish and Islamic studies
Creators: name: Schmidtke, Sabine
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Judaistik
subject: Islamwissenschaft
subject: Wissenschaftsgeschichte
subject: Mittwoch, Eugen
subject: DDC::2** Religion::29* Andere Religionen::296 Judentum
subject: DDC::2** Religion::29* Andere Religionen::297 Islam, Babismus, Bahaismus
subject: DDC::9** Geschichte und Geografie::90* Geschichte::901 Geschichtsphilosophie, Geschichtstheorie

description: In the course of the nineteenth century, »Oriental studies« evolved as an independent academic discipline. While these developments primarily involved scholars who identified as Christians, Jewish scholars, too, adopted a critical historical/ philological approach towards the Jewish literary tradition and its history, an approach that became known as Wissenschaft des Judentums. Although the close relationship between the Wissenschaft des Judentums and Oriental studies is widely recognized, far more scholarship has been produced on the earlier periods - up until the final decades of the nineteenth century - than on later periods of the Wissenschaft des Judentums - up until 1933. This study focuses on the Jewish orientalists who were trained in Berlin, the leading center of Oriental studies in Germany, shortly before or during the first decades of the twentieth century, and who also attended one of the local Jewish seminaries, the Hochschule or the Rabbinerseminar, two institutions with a critical number of faculty with a solid training in Semitica and Arabica. Unlike their Jewish predecessors, they were often more inclined towards Islamica than Judaica and they often replaced the ideals of the Wissenschaft des Judentums with those of Zionism. Their career paths also differed from those of earlier Jewish orientalists. In order to redress the neglect of this period in scholarship, and to allow for a prosopographic analysis of educational and career patterns, of opportunities, choices, and decisions, the respective scholarly trajectories need to be reconstructed for as many individual cases as possible. Focusing on these understudied figures will not only lead to a deeper understanding of Wissenschaft des Judentums during these later periods, but will also allow for a better grasp of the role of Jewish scholars and their contribution to the field of Oriental studies during the first half of the twentieth century. With this purpose in mind, the second part of this paper is devoted to one of the representatives of the later generation of Wissenschaft des Judentums, the Orientalist Eugen Mittwoch (d. 1942), who is credited with having initiated a new direction in Islamic studies within Orientalism.
Sun-Earth Lagrange reference for fundamental physics and navigation
Creators: name: Tartaglia, Angelo
name: Lorenzini, Enrico
name: Lucchesi, David
name: Pucacco, Giovanni
name: Ruggiero, Matteo Luca
name: Valko, Pavol
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The use of four Lagrange points of the Sun/Earth system for fundamental physics experiments in space is presented. L1, L2, L4 and L5 rotating rigidly together with the Earth form a natural reference frame at the scale of the inner solar system. The idea which is discussed in the paper considers the possibility of locating four spacecraft in the four cited Lagrange points and exchanging electromagnetic pulses among them. Including stations on earth, various closed paths for the pulses are possible. Time of flight measurements would be performed. The time of flight difference between right- and left-handed circuits is proportional to the angular momentum of the Sun and the detection of the effect would reach accuracies better than 1% depending on the accuracy of the clock. The four points could also be used as "artificial pulsars" for a relativistic positioning system at the scale of the solar system. Additional interesting possibilities include detection of a galactic gravito-magnetic field and also, using a global configuration as a zero area Sagnac contour, detection of gravitational waves. More opportunities are also mentioned.
description: 28 pages, 2 figures
Pseudomagnetic lens as a valley and chirality splitter in Dirac and Weyl materials
Creators: name: Gorbar, E. V.
name: Miransky, V. A.
name: Shovkovy, I. A.
name: Sukhachov, P. O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is proposed that strain-induced pseudomagnetic fields in Dirac and Weyl materials could be used as valley and chirality sensitive lenses for beams of Weyl quasiparticles. The study of the (pseudo-)magnetic lenses is performed by using the eikonal approximation for describing the Weyl quasiparticles propagation in magnetic and strain-induced pseudomagnetic fields. Analytical expressions for the locations of the principal foci and the focal lengths are obtained in the paraxial approximation in the models with uniform as well as nonuniform effective magnetic fields inside the lens. The results show that the left- and right-handed quasiparticles can be focused at different spatial locations when both magnetic and pseudomagnetic fields are applied. It is suggested that the use of magnetic and pseudomagnetic lenses could open new ways of producing and manipulating beams of chiral Weyl quasiparticles.
description: 6 pages (main text) + 3 pages (supplemental material), 4 multi-panel figures; published version
Продуктивность и качество молока лактирующих коров чёрно-пёстрой породы в связи с оптимизацией минерального питания
Creators: name: Варакин А.Т.
name: Симонов Г.А.
name: Степурина М.А.
name: Хализова З.Н.
name: Харламова Е.А.
name: Сапрыкина Е.В.
Publisher: name: Эффективное животноводство
Year: 2023
Subjects: коровы
рацион
сера для животноводства
инновационная технология
молочная продуктивность
cows
diet
sulfur for animal husbandry
innovative technology
milk productivity

description: В статье приведены научно-практические результаты и рекомендации, позволяющие лучше сбалансировать рационы лактирующих коров по минеральному составу и за счёт этого увеличить надои молока и повысить его качество. Показана дозировка введения в рационы дойных коров балансирующей кормовой минеральной добавки: сера для животноводства. Установлено, что её использование для коров способствует удовлетворению их потребности в жизненно необходимом макроэлементе – сере, согласно детализированным нормам кормления, и увеличению среднесуточного удоя на 5,77%, повышению жирности молока на 0,11 % и содержания в нём белка на 0,04 %. Введение в состав рационов данной кормовой добавки оказывает положительное влияние на морфологический и биохимический состав крови дойных коров.
description: The article presents scientific and practical results and recommendations, allowing to better balance the diets of lactating cows in terms of mineral composition and thereby increase milk yield and improve its quality. The dosage of the introduction of a balancing feed mineral additive into the diets of dairy cows is shown: sulfur for animal husbandry. It has been found that its use for cows contributes to the satisfaction of their need for a vital macronutrient – sulfur, according to detailed nutritional guidelines, and an increase in average daily milk yield by 5.77%, increase in milk fat content by 0.11% and its protein content by 0.04%. Introduction to the composition of the diets of this feed additive has a positive effect on the morphological and biochemical composition of the blood of dairy cows.
Controlling Lipschitz functions
Creators: name: Kupavskii, Andrey
name: Pach, Janos
name: Tardos, Gabor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Given any positive integers $m$ and $d$, we say the a sequence of points $(x_i)_{i\in I}$ in $\mathbb R^m$ is {\em Lipschitz-$d$-controlling} if one can select suitable values $y_i\; (i\in I)$ such that for every Lipschitz function $f:\mathbb R^m\rightarrow \mathbb R^d$ there exists $i$ with $|f(x_i)-y_i|<1$. We conjecture that for every $m\le d$, a sequence $(x_i)_{i\in I}\subset\mathbb R^m$ is $d$-controlling if and only if $$\sup_{n\in\mathbb N}\frac{|\{i\in I\, :\, |x_i|\le n\}|}{n^d}=\infty.$$ We prove that this condition is necessary and a slightly stronger one is already sufficient for the sequence to be $d$-controlling. We also prove the conjecture for $m=1$.