cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Solar WIMPs Unraveled: Experiments, astrophysical uncertainties, and interactive Tools
Creators: name: Danninger, Matthias
name: Rott, Carsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The absence of a neutrino flux from self-annihilating dark matter captured in the Sun has tightly constrained some leading particle dark matter scenarios. The impact of astrophysical uncertainties on the capture process of dark matter in the Sun and hence also the derived constraints by neutrino telescopes need to be taken into account. In this review we have explored relevant uncertainties in solar WIMP searches, summarized results from leading experiments, and provided an outlook into upcoming searches and future experiments. We have created an interactive plotting tool that allows the user to view current limits and projected sensitivities of major experiments under changing astrophysical conditions.
description: 14 pages, 3 figures
Generalized CP and $Δ(3n^2)$ Family Symmetry for Semi-Direct Predictions of the PMNS Matrix
Creators: name: Ding, Gui-Jun
name: King, Stephen F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The generalized CP transformations can only be consistently defined in the context of $Δ(3n^2)$ lepton symmetry if a certain subset of irreducible representations are present in a model. We perform a comprehensive analysis of the possible automorphisms and the corresponding CP transformations of the $Δ(3n^2)$ group. It is sufficient to only consider three automorphisms if $n$ is not divisible by 3 while additional eight types of CP transformations could be imposed for the case of $n$ divisible by 3. We study the lepton mixing patterns which can be derived from the $Δ(3n^2)$ family symmetry and generalized CP in the semi-direct approach. The PMNS matrix is determined to be the trimaximal pattern for all the possible CP transformations, and it can only take two distinct forms.
description: 21 pages, 2 figures
title: Bird fancier's lung. Usefulness of MDCT and MRI
Creators: name: Milosavljevic, Tamara
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Thorax
subject: CT
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: Computer Applications-3D
subject: Image verification

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Bird fancier's lung (BFL) is one of the most common types of hypersensitivity pneumonitis. Nevertheless, the criteria for diagnosing this condition are not standardized. The current study is an in-depth investigation into the MDCT characteristics of...
Replication and extension of: Large language models associate Muslims with violence by Abid et al., 2021
Creators: name: Hemmatian, Babak
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Linguistics
subject: FOS: Languages and literature
subject: Computer Engineering
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Engineering
subject: Genericity
subject: GPT-3
subject: Prompt design
subject: Text generation

description: The main purpose of this study is to replicate and extend the results in Abid et al. (2021; Nature Machine Intelligence). Building on preliminary evidence provided by the creators of GPT-2 and GPT-3 (state-of-the-art text generation algorithms; Radford et al., 2019; Brown et al., 2020), the authors showed biased automated text generation when religious identities are cued in text completion prompts. GPT-3 completions for prompts formatted as “Two X walk into a” contained violent content much more often if X was replaced with “Muslims” rather than adjectives signifying other major religions. Since the smallest difference was found between “Muslim” and “Christian”, our replication attempt focuses on this more conservative measure of the model’s religion bias. However, we include the “Hindu” category as well to control for the impact of majority/minority difference between “Muslim” and “Christian”. We extend these results by exploring whether naming specific individuals reduces the propensity of the model to rely on biased group-level representations. For instance, using “Y walks into a” where Y is replaced with a common Muslim name compared with names common among adherents of Christianity and Hinduism. We also examine whether the model is sensitive to differing degrees of genericity in the main referent of prompts, which can vary along a continuum. Generic kinds like “Muslim” lie near one end of the spectrum. Individual celebrities whose personal information presumably features strongly in GPT-3’s training data (from CommonCrawl.org), lie near the other end. Common names associated with social kinds like “Muslim” (e.g., Ali Islam) are somewhere in-between, albeit closer to the specific end of the genericity spectrum. We expect reduced bias as the specificity of the prompts are increased.
title: Endometriosis: Radiologic evaluation with magnetic resonance
Creators: name: Costa, Catarina
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Inflammation
subject: Haemorrhage
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: MR
subject: Genital / Reproductive system female

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: Briefly review the epidemiology, pathogenesis and clinical features of endometriosis, as well as its complications. Discuss MR imaging protocol in patients with suspected or already diagnosed endometriosis. Present the most common manifestations of...
Fast and robust group-wise eQTL mapping using sparse graphical models
Creators: name: Cheng, Wei
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2015

description: Abstract Background Genome-wide expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) studies have emerged as a powerful tool to understand the genetic basis of gene expression and complex traits. The traditional eQTL methods focus on testing the associations between individual single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and gene expression traits. A major drawback of this approach is that it cannot model the joint effect of a set of SNPs on a set of genes, which may correspond to hidden biological pathways. Results We introduce a new approach to identify novel group-wise associations between sets of SNPs and sets of genes. Such associations are captured by hidden variables connecting SNPs and genes. Our model is a linear-Gaussian model and uses two types of hidden variables. One captures the set associations between SNPs and genes, and the other captures confounders. We develop an efficient optimization procedure which makes this approach suitable for large scale studies. Extensive experimental evaluations on both simulated and real datasets demonstrate that the proposed methods can effectively capture both individual and group-wise signals that cannot be identified by the state-of-the-art eQTL mapping methods. Conclusions Considering group-wise associations significantly improves the accuracy of eQTL mapping, and the successful multi-layer regression model opens a new approach to understand how multiple SNPs interact with each other to jointly affect the expression level of a group of genes.
title: Pictorial review of pelvic lesions: Fusion imaging between readout-segmented echo-planar diffusion-weighted imaging and 3T dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI with radial VIBE technique.
Creators: name: Horikoshi, Hiroyuki
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cancer
subject: Imaging sequences
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: MR
subject: Pelvis

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: 1. To describe the high resolution diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), using readout-segmented (rs) echo-planar imaging (EPI) and parallel imaging technique and 3T dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) radial 3D fat-suppressed volumetric interpolated...
Deferred grazing for quality and rejuvenation
Creators: name: Tozer, Katherine
Publisher: name: AgResearch
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 3004
subject: Crop and pasture production

description: Why do farmers use deferred grazing?Maintain pasture quality at farm-scaleRejuvenate pasturesHow do you do it?Exclude stock 12-16 weeks: November – February Up to 10-15% of farm depending on the farm / yearAllow desirable perennial species to set and drop seedAim for about 50% utilisation when grazing deferred pasture at end of summer
Complicated versus Uncomplicated Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: A Scoping Review Protocol
Creators: name: Scott, Olivia
name: Sanghvi, Tanvi
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medical Sciences
subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Medical Specialties
subject: Neurology
subject: complicated mTBI
subject: mild traumatic brain injury
subject: uncomplicated mTBI

description: The protocol for a scoping review to identify trends and gaps in the current literature examining the differences in outcome between patients suffering from complicated and uncomplicated mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI).
Assessing Parents’ Perceptions of Contraception for Their Children in Communities of Color: A systematic scoping review
Creators: name: Hoang, Jeanette
name: Quinn, Gwendolyn
name: Vieira, Dorice
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: contraception
subject: decision making
subject: parental perceptions

description: There are inequities in access to contraception within communities of color. In order to investigate the stigma concerning contraceptives in communities of color, this study aims to analyze parents’ perceptions of contraception in communities of color.
From gyroscopic to thermal motion: a crossover in the dynamics of molecular superrotors
Creators: name: Milner, A. A.
name: Korobenko, A.
name: Rezaiezadeh, K.
name: Milner, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Localized heating of a gas by intense laser pulses leads to interesting acoustic, hydrodynamic and optical effects with numerous applications in science and technology, including controlled wave guiding and remote atmosphere sensing. Rotational excitation of molecules can serve as the energy source for raising the gas temperature. Here, we study the dynamics of energy transfer from the molecular rotation to heat. By optically imaging a cloud of molecular superrotors, created with an optical centrifuge, we experimentally identify two separate and qualitatively different stages of its evolution. The first non-equilibrium "gyroscopic" stage is characterized by the modified optical properties of the centrifuged gas - its refractive index and optical birefringence, owing to the ultrafast directional molecular rotation, which survives tens of collisions. The loss of rotational directionality is found to overlap with the release of rotational energy to heat, which triggers the second stage of thermal expansion. The crossover between anisotropic rotational and isotropic thermal regimes is in agreement with recent theoretical predictions and our hydrodynamic calculations.
Prevalence of latent tuberculosis infection and predictive factors in an urban informal settlement in Johannesburg, South Africa: a cross-sectional study
Creators: name: Westreich, Daniel
name: van Rie, Annelies
name: Ncayiyana, Jabulani R
name: Emch, Michael
name: Pettifor, Audrey
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2016

description: Abstract Background South Africa has one of the highest burdens of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) in high-risk populations such as young children, adolescents, household contacts of TB cases, people living with HIV, gold miners and health care workers, but little is known about the burden of LTBI in its general population. Methods Using a community-based survey with random sampling, we examined the burden of LTBI in an urban township of Johannesburg and investigated factors associated with LTBI. The outcome of LTBI was based on TST positivity, with a TST considered positive if the induration was ≥5 mm in people living with HIV or ≥10 mm in those with unknown or HIV negative status. We used bivariate and multivariable logistic regression to identify factors associated with LTBI Results The overall prevalence of LTBI was 34.3 (95 % CI 30.0, 38.8 %), the annual risk of infection among children age 0–14 years was 3.1 % (95 % CI 2.1, 5.2). LTBI was not associated with HIV status. In multivariable logistic regression analysis, LTBI was associated with age (OR = 1.03 for every year increase in age, 95 % CI = 1.01–1.05), male gender (OR = 2.70, 95 % CI = 1.55–4.70), marital status (OR = 2.00, 95 % CI = 1.31–3.54), and higher socio-economic status (OR = 2.11, 95 % CI = 1.04–4.31). Conclusions The prevalence of LTBI and the annual risk of infection with M. tuberculosis is high in urban populations, especially in men, but independent of HIV infection status. This study suggests that LTBI may be associated with higher SES, in contrast to the well-established association between TB disease and poverty.
Geometric morphometrics discriminates Eastern and Western populations of Partamona rustica (Hymenoptera, Apidae, Meliponini) separated by the São Francisco River
Creators: name: Oliveira e Silva, Vinicius
name: Francoy, Tiago Maurício
name: Miranda, Elder Assis
name: Oi, Cíntia Akemi
name: Ferreira, Kátia Maria
name: Del Lama, Marco Antonio
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Wing morphology has been used in taxonomic and systematic studies of insects, often enabling the identification of groups based on the variation. In this study, wing Geometric Morphometrics was used to verify if eastern and western populations of Partamona rustica, separated by the São Francisco River, are discriminated, thus confirming previous molecular data. The two groups of P. rustica exhibited significant differences in wing size and shape. Better differentiation of populations and groups was achieved with the centroid size. We generated dendrograms using Mahalanobis and Procrustes distances, which discriminated the eastern and western populations. Isolation by the distance between morphometric and geographic distances was found. The confirmation of the two population groups points out the need for further studies investigating the occurrence of barriers to gene flow and colonization history in the semiarid region by this stingless bee.
title: Postmortem CT of the aorta: to be or not to be the fatal lesion
Creators: name: Akashi, Saori
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Forensics
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: CT
subject: Forensic / Necropsy studies
subject: Cardiovascular system

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To describe characteristic changes of the aorta on postmortem CT (PMCT), which can mimic pathological process or injury of the aorta. To describe CT findings of fatal lesions of the aorta after death, which should be differentiated from normal...
Criteria for selecting implementation science theories and frameworks: results from an international survey
Creators: name: Leeman, Jennifer
name: Kirk, M. Alexis
name: Haines, Emily
name: Powell, Byron
name: Rohweder, Catherine
name: Birken, Sarah
name: Shea, Christopher
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2017

description: Abstract Background Theories provide a synthesizing architecture for implementation science. The underuse, superficial use, and misuse of theories pose a substantial scientific challenge for implementation science and may relate to challenges in selecting from the many theories in the field. Implementation scientists may benefit from guidance for selecting a theory for a specific study or project. Understanding how implementation scientists select theories will help inform efforts to develop such guidance. Our objective was to identify which theories implementation scientists use, how they use theories, and the criteria used to select theories. Methods We identified initial lists of uses and criteria for selecting implementation theories based on seminal articles and an iterative consensus process. We incorporated these lists into a self-administered survey for completion by self-identified implementation scientists. We recruited potential respondents at the 8th Annual Conference on the Science of Dissemination and Implementation in Health and via several international email lists. We used frequencies and percentages to report results. Results Two hundred twenty-three implementation scientists from 12 countries responded to the survey. They reported using more than 100 different theories spanning several disciplines. Respondents reported using theories primarily to identify implementation determinants, inform data collection, enhance conceptual clarity, and guide implementation planning. Of the 19 criteria presented in the survey, the criteria used by the most respondents to select theory included analytic level (58%), logical consistency/plausibility (56%), empirical support (53%), and description of a change process (54%). The criteria used by the fewest respondents included fecundity (10%), uniqueness (12%), and falsifiability (15%). Conclusions Implementation scientists use a large number of criteria to select theories, but there is little consensus on which are most important. Our results suggest that the selection of implementation theories is often haphazard or driven by convenience or prior exposure. Variation in approaches to selecting theory warn against prescriptive guidance for theory selection. Instead, implementation scientists may benefit from considering the criteria that we propose in this paper and using them to justify their theory selection. Future research should seek to refine the criteria for theory selection to promote more consistent and appropriate use of theory in implementation science.
Agave quilae Thiede & Govaerts 2017, comb. nov.
Creators: name: Thiede, Joachim
name: Govaerts, Rafaël
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Liliopsida
Asparagales
Asparagaceae
Agave
Agave quilae

description: Agave quilae (Arturo Castro-Castro & Aarón Rodríguez) Thiede & Govaerts, comb. nov. (77147853-1)
 Basionym: Polianthes quilae Art.Castro & Aarón Rodr. in Castro-Castro et al. (2016: 720). Type: A. Rodríguez & A. Castro-Castro 7149 (holotype IBUG, isotypes CIIDIR, ENCB, IEB, MEXU, XAL).
 This species was recently published under Polianthes, and a new combination under Agave is proposed here.
description: Published as part of Thiede, Joachim & Govaerts, Rafaël, 2017, New combinations in Agave (Asparagaceae): A. amica, A. nanchititlensis, and A. quilae, pp. 237-240 in Phytotaxa 306 (3) on page 238, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.306.3.7, http://zenodo.org/record/13696096
title: Extrahepatic portosystemic shunt via the superior mesenteric vein: a review of imaging and clinical features
Creators: name: Rus Calafell, Mª Neus
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cirrhosis
subject: Shunts
subject: Embolisation
subject: Education
subject: CT-High Resolution
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: CT
subject: Vascular
subject: Anatomy
subject: Abdomen

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: - To describe the anatomy of spontaneous portosystemic shunts (SPSS), focusing on extrahepatic systemic anastomoses from de superior mesenteric vein (SMV). - To recognize their characteristics imaging findings, and review the different shunt...
Effects of GABAergic agents on Multiple Sclerosis. A review of in-vivo models
Creators: name: Stamoula, Eleni
name: Ainatzoglou, Alexandra
name: Dardalas, Ioannis
name: Vavilis, Theofanis
name: Stamatellos, Vasileios-Periklis
name: Siafis, Spyridon
name: Psathas, Thomas
name: Boskou, Ioanna
name: Papazisis, Georgios
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Life Sciences

description: The aim of this narrative review is to explore the potential beneficial effects of GABAergic associated agents on experimental models of multiple sclerosis. We will search Pubmed, Scopus and Google Scholar for studies investigating the effects of GABAergic drug or agents (agonists, antagonists, modulator) on the prognosis and progression experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) model of multiple sclerosis (from inception up to 1st of March 2022). Further inclusion/exclusion criteria will be: in vivo original research papers were included, published in English, describing the use of GABAergic agents as a monotherapy or combination treatments exclusively on the Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) model. Articles where only the abstract was available were not included. References will be screened for eligibility and imported in a Zotero database. A narrative synthesis of the evidence will be provided focusing on the effects of GABAergic agents on clinical assessment (e.g. clinical score), immune response (e.g. T-cell infiltration), neuroprotection (e.g. oxidative stress), and neuroimmune reaction (e.g. demyelination).
Consequences of Multitasking During Remote Work - A Scoping Review
Creators: name: Paweł Jemioło
name: Cacek, Jakub
name: Szumowska, Ewa
name: , Karolina
name: Storman, Dawid
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Cognitive Psychology
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Social Psychology

description: A protocol for a scoping review.
title: Radiological findings in the Herlyn–werner–wunderlich syndrome
Creators: name: Córdoba Rovira, Sandra
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Education and training
subject: Congenital
subject: Education
subject: Ultrasound
subject: MR
subject: Kidney
subject: Genital / Reproductive system female

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: The purpose of this educational presentation is to review the medical literature and describe the anatomical basis, clinical and radiological findings in the Herlyn-werner-wünderlich (HWW) syndrome. A correlation between ultrasound and pelvic MRI...
Predictors of switch to and early outcomes on third-line antiretroviral therapy at a large public-sector clinic in Johannesburg, South Africa
Creators: name: Berhanu, Rebecca H
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2018

description: Abstract Background While efficacy data exist, there are limited data on the outcomes of patients on third-line antiretroviral therapy (ART) in sub-Saharan Africa in actual practice. Being able to identify predictors of switch to third-line ART will be essential for planning for future need. We identify predictors of switch to third-line ART among patients with significant viraemia on a protease inhibitor (PI)-based second-line ART regimen. Additionally, we describe characteristics of all patients on third-line at a large public sector HIV clinic and present their early outcomes. Methods Retrospective analysis of adults (≥ 18 years) on a PI-based second-line ART regimen at Themba Lethu Clinic, Johannesburg, South Africa as of 01 August 2012, when third-line treatment became available in South Africa, with significant viraemia on second-line ART (defined as at least one viral load ≥ 1000 copies/mL on second-line ART after 01 August 2012) to identify predictors of switch to third-line (determined by genotype resistance testing). Third-line ART was defined as a regimen containing etravirine, raltegravir or ritonavir boosted darunavir, between August 2012 and January 2016. To assess predictors of switch to third-line ART we used Cox proportional hazards regression among those with significant viraemia on second-line ART after 01 August 2012. Then among all patients on third-line ART we describe viral load suppression, defined as a viral load < 400 copies/mL, after starting third-line ART. Results Among 719 patients in care and on second-line ART as of August 2012 (with at least one viral load ≥ 1000 copies/mL after 01 August 2012), 36 (5.0% over a median time of 54 months) switched to third-line. Time on second-line therapy (≥ 96 vs. < 96 weeks) (adjusted Hazard Ratio (aHR): 2.53 95% CI 1.03–6.22) and never reaching virologic suppression while on second-line ART (aHR: 3.37 95% CI 1.47–7.73) were identified as predictors of switch. In a separate cohort of patients on third-line ART, 78.3% (47/60) and 83.3% (35/42) of those in care and with a viral load suppressed their viral load at 6 and 12 months, respectively. Conclusions Our results show that the need for third-line is low (5%), but that patients’ who switch to third-line ART have good early treatment outcomes and are able to suppress their viral load. Adherence counselling and resistance testing should be prioritized for patients that are at risk of failure, in particular those who never suppress on second-line and those who have been on PI-based regimen for extended periods.
A mouse model of sitosterolemia: absence of Abcg8/sterolin-2 results in failure to secrete biliary cholesterol
Creators: name: Maeda, Nobuyo
name: Altenburg, Michael
Publisher: name: BioMed Central Ltd
Year: 2004

description: Abstract Background Mutations in either of two genes comprising the STSL locus, ATP-binding cassette (ABC)-transporters ABCG5 (encoding sterolin-1) and ABCG8 (encoding sterolin-2), result in sitosterolemia, a rare autosomal recessive disorder of sterol trafficking characterized by increased plasma plant sterol levels. Based upon the genetics of sitosterolemia, ABCG5/sterolin-1 and ABCG8/sterolin-2 are hypothesized to function as obligate heterodimers. No phenotypic difference has yet been described in humans with complete defects in either ABCG5 or ABCG8. These proteins, based upon the defects in humans, are responsible for regulating dietary sterol entry and biliary sterol secretion. Methods In order to mimic the human disease, we created, by a targeted disruption, a mouse model of sitosterolemia resulting in Abcg8/sterolin-2 deficiency alone. Homozygous knockout mice are viable and exhibit sitosterolemia. Results Mice deficient in Abcg8 have significantly increased plasma and tissue plant sterol levels (sitosterol and campesterol) consistent with sitosterolemia. Interestingly, Abcg5/sterolin-1 was expressed in both liver and intestine in Abcg8/sterolin-2 deficient mice and continued to show an apical expression. Remarkably, Abcg8 deficient mice had an impaired ability to secrete cholesterol into bile, but still maintained the ability to secrete sitosterol. We also report an intermediate phenotype in the heterozygous Abcg8+/- mice that are not sitosterolemic, but have a decreased level of biliary sterol secretion relative to wild-type mice. Conclusion These data indicate that Abcg8/sterolin-2 is necessary for biliary sterol secretion and that loss of Abcg8/sterolin-2 has a more profound effect upon biliary cholesterol secretion than sitosterol. Since biliary sitosterol secretion is preserved, although not elevated in the sitosterolemic mice, this observation suggests that mechanisms other than by Abcg8/sterolin-2 may be responsible for its secretion into bile.
Data mining hive inspections: more frequently inspected honey bee colonies have higher over-winter survival rates
Creators: name: Scott, Andrew
name: Hassler, Edgar
name: Formato, Giovanni
name: Rünzel, Max A. S.
name: Wilkes, James
name: Hassan, Awad
name: Cazier, Joseph
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Honey bee colonies frequently suffer from high over-winter losses attributed to various factors, including management, poor nutrition, pests, pathogens, and parasites. Most beekeepers have only limited control over these factors. This study looks at the role of the number and timing of hive inspections in relation to over-winter losses, which beekeepers can largely control. The impact of hive inspections on over-winter survival is usually difficult to measure in traditional studies due to confounding factors, including geography, sample size, and variability in practices. This study mines data collected, anonymized and shared from an apiary management software system and includes data from 4,072 hives managed by 717 beekeepers across the continental United States (U.S.) over a five-year period from (2013–2018), consisting of 60,920 inspections to identify the relationship between hive inspections and over-winter survival. Hives are grouped into nine climate zones deemed similar by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Association (NOAA), and inspections were grouped by season for analysis. Results suggest that more frequent hive inspections are associated with higher over-winter survival rates across most U.S. regions. Unexpectedly, this also includes having relatively more inspections during the winter months in every region. Also, surprisingly only one of the nine climatic regions had significantly different average over-winter survival rates despite the significant geographic and climate difference across the continental U.S. This finding suggests that other factors like management actions may be more important to over-winter survival rates than climate. Finally, this inspection analysis shows that the number of inspections performed by beekeepers is a relevant factor in predicting over-winter hive mortality.
title: Radiologic-pathologic correlation of the response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer: influence of radiological and anatomo-pathologic factors
Creators: name: Castan, Alba
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cancer
subject: Chemotherapy
subject: MR
subject: Breast

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) was first used in early 1980s for the treatment of locally advanced breast cancer; currently different primary systemic therapy (PST) regimens, which include chemotherapy and hormonal therapy, are used and its...
Risk aggregation with empirical margins: Latin hypercubes, empirical copulas, and convergence of sum distributions
Creators: name: Mainik, Georg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Risk Management (q-fin.RM)
subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 62G09, 62G20, 62G30, 62P05, 62H99

description: This paper studies convergence properties of multivariate distributions constructed by endowing empirical margins with a copula. This setting includes Latin Hypercube Sampling with dependence, also known as the Iman--Conover method. The primary question addressed here is the convergence of the component sum, which is relevant to risk aggregation in insurance and finance. This paper shows that a CLT for the aggregated risk distribution is not available, so that the underlying mathematical problem goes beyond classic functional CLTs for empirical copulas. This issue is relevant to Monte-Carlo based risk aggregation in all multivariate models generated by plugging empirical margins into a copula. Instead of a functional CLT, this paper establishes strong uniform consistency of the estimated sum distribution function and provides a sufficient criterion for the convergence rate $O(n^{-1/2})$ in probability. These convergence results hold for all copulas with bounded densities. Examples with unbounded densities include bivariate Clayton and Gauss copulas. The convergence results are not specific to the component sum and hold also for any other componentwise non-decreasing aggregation function. On the other hand, convergence of estimates for the joint distribution is much easier to prove, including CLTs. Beyond Iman--Conover estimates, the results of this paper apply to multivariate distributions obtained by plugging empirical margins into an exact copula or by plugging exact margins into an empirical copula.
description: Manuscript accepted in the Journal of Multivariate Analysis
Severe Radiation Induced Lymphopenia Affects the Outcomes of Esophageal Cancer: A Comprehensive Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Creators: name: Dai, Dongjun
name: Tian, Qiaoying
name: Yu, Genhua
name: Shui, Yongjie
name: Jiang, Hao
name: Wei, Qichun
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Neoplasms
subject: Diseases
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences

description: Radiotherapy acts as an important part of esophageal cancer (EC) treatment, however, it often causes severe radiation induced lymphopenia (RIL). The aim of current study was to evaluate the influence of severe RIL in the outcomes of EC.
"Many miles to go...": a systematic review of the implementation of patient decision support interventions into routine clinical practice
Creators: name: Lewis, Carmen L.
name: Tietbohl, Caroline
name: Weijden, Trudy van der
name: Clay, Catharine
name: Frosch, Dominick L.
name: Elwyn, Glyn
name: Mann, Mala
name: Edwards, Adrian G.K.
name: Wexler, Richard M.
name: Légaré, France
name: Scholl, Isabelle
Publisher: name: BioMed Central Ltd
Year: 2013

description: Abstract: Background: Two decades of research has established the positive effect of using patient-targeted decision support interventions: patients gain knowledge, greater understanding of probabilities and increased confidence in decisions. Yet, despite their efficacy, the effectiveness of these decision support interventions in routine practice has yet to be established; widespread adoption has not occurred. The aim of this review was to search for and analyze the findings of published peer-reviewed studies that investigated the success levels of strategies or methods where attempts were made to implement patient-targeted decision support interventions into routine clinical settings. Methods: An electronic search strategy was devised and adapted for the following databases: ASSIA, CINAHL, Embase, HMIC, Medline, Medline-in-process, OpenSIGLE, PsycINFO, Scopus, Social Services Abstracts, and the Web of Science. In addition, we used snowballing techniques. Studies were included after dual independent assessment. Results: After assessment, 5322 abstracts yielded 51 articles for consideration. After examining full-texts, 17 studies were included and subjected to data extraction. The approach used in all studies was one where clinicians and their staff used a referral model, asking eligible patients to use decision support. The results point to significant challenges to the implementation of patient decision support using this model, including indifference on the part of health care professionals. This indifference stemmed from a reported lack of confidence in the content of decision support interventions and concern about disruption to established workflows, ultimately contributing to organizational inertia regarding their adoption. Conclusions: It seems too early to make firm recommendations about how best to implement patient decision support into routine practice because approaches that use a ‘referral model’ consistently report difficulties. We sense that the underlying issues that militate against the use of patient decision support and, more generally, limit the adoption of shared decision making, are under-investigated and under-specified. Future reports from implementation studies could be improved by following guidelines, for example the SQUIRE proposals, and by adopting methods that would be able to go beyond the ‘barriers’ and ‘facilitators’ approach to understand more about the nature of professional and organizational resistance to these tools. The lack of incentives that reward the use of these interventions needs to be considered as a significant impediment.
K2-30b and K2-34b: two inflated hot-Jupiters around Solar-type stars
Creators: name: Lillo-Box, J.
name: Demangeon, O.
name: Santerne, A.
name: Barros, S. C. C.
name: Barrado, D.
name: Hébrard, G.
name: Osborn, H. P.
name: Armstrong, D. J.
name: Almenara, J. -M.
name: Boisse, I.
name: Bouchy, F.
name: Brown, D. J. A.
name: Courcol, B.
name: Deleuil, M.
name: Mena, E. Delgado
name: Díaz, R. F.
name: Kirk, J.
name: Lam, K. W. F.
name: McCormac, J.
name: Pollacco, D.
name: Rajpurohit, A.
name: Rey, J.
name: Santos, N. C.
name: Sousa, S. G.
name: Tsantaki, M.
name: Wilson, P. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the discovery of the two hot-Jupiters K2-30b and K2-34b. The two planets were detected transiting their main-sequence star with periods $\sim$ 4.099 and $\sim$ 2.996 days, in campaigns 4 and 5 of the extension of the Kepler mission, K2. Subsequent ground-based radial velocity follow-up with SOPHIE, HARPS-N and CAFE, established the planetary nature of the transiting objects. We analyzed the transit signal, radial velocity and spectral energy distributions of the two systems to characterize their properties. Both planets (K2-30b and K2-34b) are bloated hot-Jupiters (1.25 $R_{\rm Jup}$ and 1.33 $R_{\rm Jup}$) around relatively bright (V =13.5 and V=11.5), slow rotating main-sequence (G8 and F9) stars. Thus, these systems are good candidates for detecting the Rossiter-MacLaughlin effect to measure their obliquity and for atmospheric studies.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures, 7 tables, accepted for publication in A&A
First physicochemical analysis of stingless bee honey from Uganda
Creators: name: Oromokoma, Charles
name: Kasangaki, Patrice
name: Akite, Perpetra
name: Mugume, Ronald
name: Kajobe, Robert
name: Mangusho, Gilbert
name: Matovu, Moses
name: Chemurot, Moses
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Virology

description: Following years of its exploitation from only wild colonies, the stingless bee (Meliponula bocandei Spinola, 1853) was recently domesticated in Uganda. Products currently harvested by the beekeepers are honey and propolis. Studies from other countries have shown that stingless bees produce honey that is distinct in physicochemical properties. Therefore, in an effort to lay a foundation for the development of quality standards for stingless bee honey in Uganda, we collected M. bocandei honey from the Western Highlands and Lake Victoria Crescent agroecological zones. A selected set of physicochemical properties (moisture content, viscosity, water activity, electrical conductivity and HMF) of the honey were determined. Results reveal the following means of the physicochemical properties: moisture content (26.45 ± 3.9%), viscosity (38.32 ± 2.25 Pa.s), water activity (0.71 ± 0.04%), electrical conductivity (0.229 ± 86.91 mS/cm), pH (4.15 ± 0.68), and HMF (5.42 ± 4.78 mg kg−1), The low mean HMF reveals that stingless bee honey from these two agroecological zones is of good quality. Overall, the mean values of the physicochemical parameters measured are within the figures in the East African Community standards for stingless bee honey. We recommend investigations to establish the diversity of forage plant resources used by the stingless bee M. bocandei in order to boost meliponiculture.
Periodontal treatment effects on endothelial function and cardiovascular disease biomarkers in subjects with chronic periodontitis: protocol for a randomized clinical trial
Creators: name: Arce, Roger M
name: Contreras, Adolfo
name: Ramírez, Jorge H
Publisher: name: BioMed Central Ltd
Year: 2011

description: Abstract Background Periodontal disease (PD) is an infectious clinical entity characterized by the destruction of supporting tissues of the teeth as the result of a chronic inflammatory response in a susceptible host. It has been proposed that PD as subclinical infection may contribute to the etiology and to the pathogenesis of several systemic diseases including Atherosclerosis. A number of epidemiological studies link periodontal disease/edentulism as independent risk factor for acute myocardial infarction, peripheral vascular disease, and cerebrovascular disease. Moreover, new randomized controlled clinical trials have shown an improvement on cardiovascular surrogate markers (endothelial function, sICAM, hsPCR level, fibrinogen) after periodontal treatment. Nonetheless, such trials are still limited in terms of external validity, periodontal treatment strategies, CONSORT-based design and results consistency/extrapolation. The current study is designed to evaluate if periodontal treatment with scaling and root planning plus local delivered chlorhexidine improves endothelial function and other biomarkers of cardiovascular disease in subjects with moderate to severe periodontitis. Methods/Design This randomized, single-blind clinical trial will be performed at two health centers and will include two periodontal treatment strategies. After medical/periodontal screening, a baseline endothelium-dependent brachial artery flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) and other systemic surrogate markers will be obtained from all recruited subjects. Patients then will be randomized to receive either supragingival/subgingival plaque cleaning and calculus removal plus chlorhexidine (treatment group) or supragingival plaque removal only (control group). A second and third FMD will be obtained after 24 hours and 12 weeks in both treatment arms. Each group will consist of 49 patients (n = 98) and all patients will be followed-up for secondary outcomes and will be monitored through a coordinating center. The primary outcomes are FMD differences baseline, 24 hours and 3 months after treatment. The secondary outcomes are differences in C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), glucose serum levels, blood lipid profile, and HOMA index. Discussion This RCT is expected to provide more evidence on the effects of different periodontal treatment modalities on FMD values, as well as to correlate such findings with different surrogate markers of systemic inflammation with cardiovascular effects. Trial registration number ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00681564.
A Nonseparable Multivariate Space-Time Model for Analyzing County-Level Heart Disease Death Rates by Race and Gender
Creators: name: Quick, Harrison
name: Waller, Lance A.
name: Casper, Michele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: While death rates due to diseases of the heart have experienced a sharp decline over the past 50 years, these diseases continue to be the leading cause of death in the United States, and the rate of decline varies by geographic location, race, and gender. We look to harness the power of hierarchical Bayesian methods to obtain a clearer picture of the declines from county-level, temporally varying heart disease death rates for men and women of different races in the US. Specifically, we propose a nonseparable multivariate spatio-temporal Bayesian model which allows for group-specific temporal correlations and temporally-evolving covariance structures in the multivariate spatio-temporal component of the model. After verifying the effectiveness of our model via simulation, we apply our model to a dataset of over 200,000 county-level heart disease death rates. In addition to yielding a superior fit than other common approaches for handling such data, the richness of our model provides insight into racial, gender, and geographic disparities underlying heart disease death rates in the US which are not permitted by more restrictive models.
title: A Flow Phantom to Evaluate Velocity Encoding in Three Directions Separately and Verify the Accuracy of Flow Velocity Measurements
Creators: name: Fukuyama, Atsushi
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quality assurance
subject: Image verification
subject: Experimental investigations
subject: MR-Angiography
subject: MR
subject: Vascular
subject: MR physics

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: The phase contrast (PC) method is commonly used to measure the flow velocity using magnetic resonance (MR). Here, the phase difference between stationary and mobile protons are captured as velocity information; this is a quantitative measurement. In...
The effect of inhibition of PP1 and TNFα signaling on pathogenesis of SARS coronavirus
Creators: name: Gralinski, Lisa E
name: Schäfer, Alexandra
name: Baric, Ralph S.
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2016

description: Abstract Background The complex interplay between viral replication and host immune response during infection remains poorly understood. While many viruses are known to employ anti-immune strategies to facilitate their replication, highly pathogenic virus infections can also cause an excessive immune response that exacerbates, rather than reduces pathogenicity. To investigate this dichotomy in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV), we developed a transcriptional network model of SARS-CoV infection in mice and used the model to prioritize candidate regulatory targets for further investigation. Results We validated our predictions in 18 different knockout (KO) mouse strains, showing that network topology provides significant predictive power to identify genes that are important for viral infection. We identified a novel player in the immune response to virus infection, Kepi, an inhibitory subunit of the protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) complex, which protects against SARS-CoV pathogenesis. We also found that receptors for the proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) promote pathogenesis, presumably through excessive inflammation. Conclusions The current study provides validation of network modeling approaches for identifying important players in virus infection pathogenesis, and a step forward in understanding the host response to an important infectious disease. The results presented here suggest the role of Kepi in the host response to SARS-CoV, as well as inflammatory activity driving pathogenesis through TNFα signaling in SARS-CoV infections. Though we have reported the utility of this approach in bacterial and cell culture studies previously, this is the first comprehensive study to confirm that network topology can be used to predict phenotypes in mice with experimental validation.
title: Development of a novel system in order to image operation using a motion sensor for dental-radiology
Creators: name: Sato, Mitsuru
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Image registration
subject: Cost-effectiveness
subject: Computer Applications-Virtual imaging
subject: Image manipulation / Reconstruction
subject: Computer applications

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: During dentist’s examinations and/or treatment, a dentist in the operating room needs to view proper images with a display system. However, he or she could not operate the image display system by hands, since dentists always wore gloves to be kept...