cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Defining Functions on Equivalence Classes
Creators: name: Paulson, Lawrence C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.4.1; G.2.0

description: A quotient construction defines an abstract type from a concrete type, using an equivalence relation to identify elements of the concrete type that are to be regarded as indistinguishable. The elements of a quotient type are \emph{equivalence classes}: sets of equivalent concrete values. Simple techniques are presented for defining and reasoning about quotient constructions, based on a general lemma library concerning functions that operate on equivalence classes. The techniques are applied to a definition of the integers from the natural numbers, and then to the definition of a recursive datatype satisfying equational constraints.
description: 18 pages
Precise Determination of Electroweak Parameters in Neutrino-Nucleon Scattering
Creators: name: Miller, G. A.
name: Thomas, A. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A systematic error in the extraction of $\sin^2 θ_W$ from nuclear deep inelastic scattering of neutrinos and antineutrinos arises from higher-twist effects arising from nuclear shadowing. We explain that these effects cause a correction to the results of the recently reported significant deviation from the Standard Model that is potentially as large as the deviation claimed, and of a sign that cannot be determined without an extremely careful study of the data set used to model the input parton distribution functions.
description: 3pages, 0 figures, version to be published by IJMPE
Varanus White 1790
Creators: name: Conrad, J. L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Reptilia
Squamata
Varanidae
Varanus

description: Varanus White, 1790   (figs. 54E, 55E, 56D)
 DIAGNOSIS: The species of Varanus included in this study form a clade diagnosed as primitively possessing the following synapomorphies: 1(2) elongate antorbital snout, 12(2) nasal process of premaxilla narrowest mediolaterally, 17(1) presence of a premaxilla-maxilla aperture, 69(1) presence of a frontal-palatine contact, 74(1) presence of frontal tabs on the parietal dorsally, 118(2) absence of pterygoid teeth, and 243(2) fusion of the cervical intercentra to the posterior part of the preceding centrum.
 COMMENTS: Extant Varanus (e.g., fig. 49) are extremely diverse morphologically and ecologically (Mertens, 1942a; Irwin, 1994; Pianka, 1995; Ast, 2001, 2002; Pepin, 2001) and numerous monophyletic groups have been identified in separate morphological and molecular studies with a fair degree of consistency (Fuller et al., 1998; Ast, 2001, 2002; Pepin, 2001). Although these clades are often considered ‘‘subgenera,’’ they are typically geographically and morphologically distinct and could be considered relatively speciose genera of their own. Although this issue is not further addressed here, it is a topic deserving more attention.
 The current analysis is the first to analyze the relative phylogenetic positions of Varanus rusingensis and Megalania prisca with respect to numerous extant species. Both are within the extant Varanus radiation. Varanus rusingensis is nested within a basal clade of Varanus. ‘‘ Megalania ’’ prisca (hereafter referred to as Varanus priscum) is actually a species of Varanus (as the name is applied here) and deeply nested within that clade. In this analysis, Varanus priscum is suggested to form a clade with V. salvadorii, with V. komodoensis (fig. 49A) as the sister-taxon to that clade.
 The phylogenetic positions of the major Varanus clades will be further analyzed using morphology and incorporating more complete taxon sampling elsewhere.
description: Published as part of Conrad, J. L., 2008, Phylogeny And Systematics Of Squamata (Reptilia) Based On Morphology, pp. 1-182 in Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2008 (310) on page 124
The many roads to the simulation of reaction systems
Creators: name: Ferretti, Claudio
name: Leporati, Alberto
name: Manzoni, Luca
name: Porreca, Antonio E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Formal Languages and Automata Theory (cs.FL)
subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Reaction systems are a computational model inspired by the bio-chemical reactions that happen inside biological cells. They have been and currently are studied for their many nice theoretical properties. They are also a useful modeling tool for biochemical systems, but in order to be able to employ them effectively in the field the presence of efficient and widely available simulators is essential. Here we explore three different algorithms and implementations of the simulation, comparing them to the current state of the art. We also show that we can obtain performances comparable to GPU-based simulations on real-world systems by using a carefully tuned CPU-based simulator.
description: Postprint, to appear in Fundamenta Informaticae
A random matrix approach to decoherence
Creators: name: Gorin, Thomas
name: Seligman, Thomas H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In order to analyze the effect of chaos or order on the rate of decoherence in a subsystem, we aim to distinguish effects of the two types of dynamics by choosing initial states as random product states from two factor spaces representing two subsystems. We introduce a random matrix model that permits to vary the coupling strength between the subsystems. The case of strong coupling is analyzed in detail, and we find no significant differences except for very low-dimensional spaces.
description: 11 pages, 5 eps-figures
Detection of developmental language disorder in Cypriot Greek children using a neural network algorithm
Creators: name: Georgiou, Georgios P.
name: Theodorou, Elena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Children with developmental language disorder (DLD) encounter difficulties in acquiring various language structures. Early identification and intervention are crucial to prevent negative long-term outcomes impacting the academic, social, and emotional development of children. The study aims to develop an automated method for the identification of DLD using artificial intelligence, specifically a neural network machine learning algorithm. This protocol is applied for the first time in a Cypriot Greek child population with DLD. The neural network model was trained using perceptual and production data elicited from 15 children with DLD and 15 healthy controls in the age range of 7;10 until 10;4. The k-fold technique was used to crossvalidate the algorithm. The performance of the model was evaluated using metrics such as accuracy, precision, recall, F1 score, and ROC/AUC curve to assess its ability to make accurate predictions on a set of unseen data. The results demonstrated high classification values for all metrics, indicating the high accuracy of the neural model in classifying children with DLD. Additionally, the variable importance analysis revealed that the language production skills of children had a more significant impact on the performance of the model compared to perception skills. Machine learning paradigms provide effective discrimination between children with DLD and those with TD, with the potential to enhance clinical assessment and facilitate earlier and more efficient detection of the disorder.
description: 15 pages, 3 figures, journal article
The Extrgalactic Gamma-Ray Background
Creators: name: Stecker, F. W.
name: Salamon, M. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The COMPTEL and EGRET detectors aboard the Compton Gamma-Ray Observatory measured an extragalactic gamma-ray background extending from MeV energies up to about 100 GeV. Calculations performed making reasonable assumptions indicate that blazars can account for the background between about 10 MeV and at least 10 GeV. Below 30 MeV, the background flux and spectrum are not very well determined and a dedicated satellite detector will be required to remedy this situation. Below 10 MeV, supernovae and possibly AGN may contribute to the extragalactic background flux. Above 10 GeV, the role of blazars in contributing to the background is unclear because we do not have data on their spectra at these energies and because theoretical models predict that many of them will have spectra which should cut off in this energy range. At these higher energies, a new component, perhaps from topological defects, may contribute to the background, as well as X-ray selected BL Lac objects. The future GLAST detector should provide important data on the emission of extragalactic sources above 10 GeV and help resolve this issue. GLAST may also be able to detect the signature of intergalactic absorption by pair production interactions of background gamma-rays of energy above 20 GeV with starlight photons, this signature being a steepening of the background spectrum.
description: Invited Paper presented at "Gamma 2001", Baltimore, April 2001. To appear in the Proceedings, Amer. Inst. Phys., in press, 10 latex pages with 4 eps figures
Leioproctus (Exleycolletes) flavomaculatus Maynard 2013, n.comb.
Creators: name: Maynard, Glynn Vivian
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Colletidae
Leioproctus
Leioproctus flavomaculatus

description: Leioproctus (Exleycolletes) flavomaculatus (Cockerell, 1905) n.comb.
 Paracolletes flavomaculatus * Cockerell 1905c: 479; 1910a: 201; 1934: 27.
 Leioproctus (Leioproctus) flavomaculatus (Cockerell). Michener 1965: 50.
 Type
 Paracolletes flavomaculatus — holotype ♂, Australia (BMNH 17 a.435).
 Additional material examined: 9♀, 8♂ Queensland: Kuranda; Poona Lake, Cooloola; Bunya Mountains.
 Months collected: March, November.
 Floral visitations: None recorded.
 Female —Length ca 9 mm, head and mesosoma black with black to brown mesosoma and legs.  Mesosoma —  Scutellum covered in dense yellow hair; tubercle on metanotum minute; propodeal triangle with basal area clearly defined, transverse carina delimiting basal area depressed medially. Metasoma —Metasomal foveae not depressed, flush with the surface.  Male —  Length ca 8 mm. Head— Frons partly or completely covered in dense yellow hair; paraocular area with dense, appressed pale to dark yellow hair. Mesosoma — Hair of scutum and scutellum dense, orange. Metasoma— Fovea vaguely indicated; S4 with moderate length fringe. For details of S7–8 and genitalia see figs 127–129.
description: Published as part of Maynard, Glynn Vivian, 2013, Revision of Goniocolletes and seven Australian subgenera of Leioproctus (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Colletidae), and description of new taxa, pp. 1-114 in Zootaxa 3715 (1) on page 73, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3715.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6507387
In the Belly Past the Teeth
Creators: name: James, Vida C
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2023

Set in the very near future against the ticking clock of climate change, In the Belly Past the Teeth follows a cast of characters who deal with the carceral state and presence of surveillance in their lives. A mother in family court for domestic violence asks herself what is justice in love; a prison guard questions himself after a relationship changes how he sees solitary confinement; a young woman becomes an abolitionist after experiencing the school to prison pipeline; a grandmother find a second chance in foster guardianship; a girl killed by police spurs a movement; a man imprisoned in Attica is haunted by a ghost of the riot. These characters intersect as systems of oppression intersect under the carceral state.
The Demand for Food in a Wealthier, More Populous World
Creators: name: Poleman, Thomas T.
name: Poleman, Thomas T.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: Consumer/Household Economics
Demand and Price Analysis

description: This paper focuses on the global demand for food during the next 50 years and offers a simple methodology for quantifying the impact rising incomes will have on per capita demand.
On the glueball spectrum in O(a)-improved lattice QCD
Creators: name: UKQCD Collaboration
name: Hart, A.
name: Teper, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the light `glueball' mass spectrum in N_f=2 lattice QCD using a fermion action that is non-perturbatively O(a) improved. We work at lattice spacings a ~0.1 fm and with quark masses that range down to about half the strange quark mass. We find the statistical errors to be moderate and under control on relatively small ensembles. We compare our mass spectrum to that of quenched QCD at the same value of a. Whilst the tensor mass is the same (within errors), the scalar mass is significantly smaller in the dynamical lattice theory, by a factor of ~(0.84 +/- 0.03). We discuss what the observed m_q dependence of this suppression tells us about the dynamics of glueballs in QCD. We also calculate the masses of flux tubes that wind around the spatial torus, and extract the string tension from these. As we decrease the quark mass we see a small but growing vacuum expectation value for the corresponding flux tube operators. This provides clear evidence for `string breaking' and for the (expected) breaking of the associated gauge centre symmetry by sea quarks.
description: 33pp LaTeX. Version to appear in Phys. Rev. D
Spicing Up India's Pepper Industry: An Economic Analysis
Creators: name: Koizumi, Satoshi
name: Koizumi, Satoshi
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: Agribusiness

description: This study examines whether India, a dominant producer of high-quality pepper, should consider the fast-growing, low~nd pepper market as the primary target for its exports in the next 20 years. The analysis concludes that it would be more advantageous for India to shift its primary target of pepper exports from the high~nd to the low~nd market by switching to the alternative intensive production system.
Influence of Longer Range Transfer of Vapor Interface Modified Caging Constraints on the Spatially Heterogeneous Dynamics of Glass-Forming Liquids
Creators: name: Phan, Anh D.
name: Schweizer, Kenneth S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on the Elastically Collective Nonlinear Langevin Equation theory of bulk relaxation in glass-forming liquids, and our recent ideas of how interface-nucleated modification of caging constraints are spatially transferred into the interior of a thick film, we present a force-based theory for dynamical gradients in thick films with one vapor interface that includes collective elasticity effects. Quantitative applications to the foundational hard sphere fluid and polymer melts of diverse fragilities are presented. We predict a roughly exponential spatial variation of total activation barrier which is non-perturbatively modified to ~10 particle diameters into film. This leads to prediction of a reduced alpha relaxation time gradient of a double exponential form characterized by a nearly constant spatial decay length, in qualitative accord with simulations. These spatially heterogeneous changes of the temperature variation of the alpha time result in a large and long-range gradient of the local glass transition temperature. An average interfacial layer thickness relevant to ensemble-averaged dielectric and other experiments is also computed. It is predicted to be rather large at the bulk glass transition temperature, decreasing roughly linearly with heating. Spatially inhomogeneous power law decoupling of the alpha relaxation time from its bulk value is predicted, with an effective exponent that decays to zero with distance from the free surface in a nearly exponential manner, trends which are in qualitative accord with recent simulations. This behavior and the double exponential alpha time gradient are related and can be viewed as consequences of an effective quasi-universal factorization of the total barrier in films into the product of its bulk temperature dependent value times a function solely of location in the film.
description: 18 pages, 13 figures, accepted for publication in Macromolecules
Paravaranus angustifrons Mosasauria
Creators: name: Conrad, J. L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Reptilia
Squamata
Paravaranidae
Paravaranus
Paravaranus angustifrons

description: Paravaranus angustifrons + Mosasauria   (figs. 55E, 56D)
 DIAGNOSIS: These taxa are united, to the exclusion of Eosaniwa koehni, by 6(1) posteriorly elongated nares, 8(0) absence of dermal sculpturing on the maxilla, 9(0) absence of dermal sculpturing on the prefrontal, 10(0) absence of dermal sculpturing from the frontal and parietal, 47(1) jugal curved (rather than angulated), 55(1) fused frontals, 115(1) absence of palatine teeth and 189(0) a shortened splenial (see character description above).
description: Published as part of Conrad, J. L., 2008, Phylogeny And Systematics Of Squamata (Reptilia) Based On Morphology, pp. 1-182 in Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2008 (310) on page 125
Leioproctus (Fragocolletes) perminutus Maynard 2013, n.comb
Creators: name: Maynard, Glynn Vivian
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Colletidae
Leioproctus
Leioproctus perminutus

description: Leioproctus (Fragocolletes) perminutus (Cockerell, 1929) n.comb
 Lamprocolletes minutus * Friese 1924: 221 [junior homonym of Paracolletes minutus Cockerell, 1916a].
 Paracolletes perminutus * Cockerell 1929b: 2–3; 1934: 32.
 Leioproctus (Microcolletes) perminutus (Cockerell). Michener 1965: 55.
 Type
 Paracolletes perminutus — Western Australia: holotype ♀, Fremantle, August, 1906, Frank (AMNH).
 Additional material examined: 1♀ Western Australia: Port Headland.
 Months collected: February.
 Floral visitations: Fabaceae: Acacia.
 Female —Length ca 8 mm, hair white. Head— Facial fovea indicated by lateral polished areas; hair moderately dense, medium length, denser on paraocular area near the antennal sockets; mandibles orange basally with large apical tooth; palps just reaching apex of maxillae, subequal in length. Mesosoma —Hair similar to that on face, except on lateral scutellum where there is a dense patch; metanotum is protuberant medially with a tuft of long hair; propodeal triangle steep; inner hind tibial spur with 4 widely spaced teeth. Metasoma —Dark brown; T7 polished with few punctures; T2–5 with fine, short, white hair; apical margin of terga vaguely translucent; prepygidial fimbria narrow, dense, brown; pygidial plate bluntly rounded apically, rugose basally; S2–4 with broad, apical band of dense, long, branched hair.  Male —  Unknown.
description: Published as part of Maynard, Glynn Vivian, 2013, Revision of Goniocolletes and seven Australian subgenera of Leioproctus (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Colletidae), and description of new taxa, pp. 1-114 in Zootaxa 3715 (1) on page 77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3715.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6507387
Locating Tropical Biodiversity Conservation Amid Weak Institutions
Creators: name: Barrett, Christopher B.
name: Brandon, Katrina
name: Gibson, Clark C.
name: Gjertsen, Heidi
name: Barrett, Christopher B.
name: Brandon, Katrina
name: Gibson, Clark C.
name: Gjertsen, Heidi
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: This paper addresses the broad question ofwhere to locate authority for tropical biodiversity conservation considering: (1) community-based natural research management (CBNRM) overreaches the indisputable place of local communities in tropical conservation efforts; (2) the most promise for tropical conservation and development is offered by multiple layers of nested institutions; (3) the greatest challenge for implementation of multiple layer designs is weakness at all levels of existing tropical institutions; and (4) rehabilitating such institutions, facilitating ongoing coordination among them, and introducing new and appropriate institutional designs will require significant international and national policy reorientation and greater commitment of financial and technical assistance.
Pair creation in hot electrosphere of compact astrophysical objects
Creators: name: Prakapenia, Mikalai
name: Vereshchagin, Gregory
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The mechanism of pair creation in electrosphere of compact astrophysical objects such as quark stars or neutron stars is revisited, paying attention to evaporation of electrons and acceleration of electrons and positrons, previously not addressed in the literature. We perform a series of numerical simulations using the Vlasov-Maxwell equations. The rate of pair creation strongly depends on electric field strength in the electrosphere. Despite Pauli blocking is explicitly taken into account, we find no exponential suppression of the pair creation rate at low temperatures. The luminosity in pairs increases with temperature and it may reach up to $L_\pm\sim 10^{52}$ erg/s, much larger than previously assumed.
The Isospin Distribution of Fragments in Reactions 96Ru+96Ru, 96Ru+96Zr, 96Zr+96Ru, and 96Zr+96Zr at Beam Energy 400 AMeV
Creators: name: Li, Qingfeng
name: Li, Zhuxia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The isospin distribution of particles and fragments in collisions 96Ru+96Ru, 96Ru+96Zr, 96Zr+96Ru, and 96Zr+96Zr at beam energy 400 AMeV is studied with isospin dependent QMD model. We find that the rapidity distribution of differential neutron-proton counting in neutron rich nucleus-nucleus collisions at intermediate energies is sensitive to the isospin dependent part of nuclear potential. The study of the N/Z ratio of nucleons, light charged particles (LCP) and intermediate mass fragments (IMF) shows that the isospin dependent part of nuclear potential drives IMF to be more isospin symmetric and emitted nucleons to be more neutron rich. From the study of the time evolution of the isospin distribution in emitted nucleons, LCP and IMF we find that neutrons diffuse much faster than protons at beginning and the final isospin distribution is a result of dynamical balance of symmetry potential and Coulomb force under the charge conservation.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
The box dimensions of exceptional self-affine sets in $\mathbb{R}^3$
Creators: name: Fraser, Jonathan M.
name: Jurga, Natalia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study the box dimensions of self-affine sets in $\mathbb{R}^3$ which are generated by a finite collection of generalised permutation matrices. We obtain bounds for the dimensions which hold with very minimal assumptions and give rise to sharp results in many cases. There are many issues in extending the well-established planar theory to $\mathbb{R}^3$ including that the principal planar projections are (affine distortions of) self-affine sets with overlaps (rather than self-similar sets) and that the natural modified singular value function fails to be sub-multiplicative in general. We introduce several new techniques to deal with these issues and hopefully provide some insight into the challenges in extending the theory further.
description: 29 pages, 1 figure
Politics, policy and participation: business-government relations in Indonesia
Creators: name: MacIntyre, Andrew James
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 1988
Subjects: subject: Business and politics Indonesia
subject: Industrial policy Indonesia
subject: Indonesia Politics and government 1966-
subject: Indonesia Economic conditions 1945-

description: Questions about state-society relations currently attract great interest in political science. In the case of Indonesia, much emphasis has been given to the strength of the state and its relative autonomy from societal forces in recent years. This study deals with the nature of the links between business, as one segment of society, and the state in contemporary Indonesia. It is an enquiry about the extent to which societal actors are involved in the shaping of public policy. Dissatisfaction with existing scholarly accounts of the nature of the Indonesian polity was an important stimulus for this research. Insufficient attention has hitherto been paid to questions about societal constraints upon state actors in the formation of policy. What is the scope for various types of societal groups to influence policy outcomes in areas of special concern to them? To the extent that it does take place, how is communication between policy-makers and relevant sections of society organised? Three case studies are used to pursue these themes. Their purpose is to illuminate the processes by which policy is formed in situations where the interests of the relevant sections of the state appaaratus diverge from those of industry groups. The cases used are from the textile, pharmaceutical and insurance industries. There are two main strands to the thesis; one empirical and the other theoretical. The first strand involves an argument about political and economic change in Indonesia, and the increasing complexity of the relations between state and society there. The second is an argument that existing theoretical frameworks for the interpretation of Indonesian politics are excessively state-centred. In this context Indonesian politics and the attaching academic debates take on a wider significance; for one of the main currents in political science today is the proposition that insufficient attention has been accorded to the state. Far from scholarship on Indonesia being insufficiently attentive to the state, precisely the opposite has been the case.
Leioproctus (Fragocolletes) rutiliventris Maynard 2013, sp.n.
Creators: name: Maynard, Glynn Vivian
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Colletidae
Leioproctus
Leioproctus rutiliventris

description: Leioproctus (Fragocolletes) rutiliventris sp.n.
Types
 Leioproctus (Fragocolletes) rutiliventris — Queensland: holotype ♂, Knob Lagoon, 30 miles (42 k) NW Doomadgee Mission, 22.v.1972, G.B. and S.R. Monteith (QM); paratypes, 3♂, same data as holotype (QM).
 Months collected: May.
 Floral visitations: None recorded.
  Female —  Unknown. Male—Length ca 6 mm; strongly punctuate with polished interspaces; head and mesosoma black, metasoma T1–3 usually orange, hair white. Head— Frons with sparse, fine white hair; frons strongly punctuate with polished interspaces; antennal sockets depressed; supraclypeal area raised; flagellum pale; inner eye margins straight converging slightly below; scape not reaching median ocellus; F1–2 length less than width, F3–11 length about equal to width; epistomal suture strong, distinct; clypeus almost flat with sculpture similar to that of frons; malar space absent; mandibles yellow with orange tips; apex of glossa with long fringe; palps long, slender reaching well beyond apex of extended glossa, both maxillary and labial palps segments similar to each other in length. Mesosoma —Scutum, scutellum and metanotum with dense, small, strong punctures and polished interspaces; hair fine, moderate length, branched; metanotum with low median pustule; base of propodeal triangle strongly aerolate; tegulae almost transparent; wings hairy with marginal cell broad at apex, widely separated from margin; first recurrent vein enters second submarginal cell almost medially; stigma large about 0.6 x length of costal margin, broadly rounded; jugal lobe of hind wing reaches beyond cu-v; basal vein of forewing strongly sloping; legs with femur black with orange apices; tibia orange with black median spot; tarsi orange. Metasoma —Surface with small, dense punctures except on T1; basal T1–3 usually orange apical terga brown to black; hair moderately dense, short, appressed; T7 hairless medially; sternal hair short; S5 with short, dense apical fringe. For S7–8 and genitalia see figs 139–141.
description: Published as part of Maynard, Glynn Vivian, 2013, Revision of Goniocolletes and seven Australian subgenera of Leioproctus (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Colletidae), and description of new taxa, pp. 1-114 in Zootaxa 3715 (1) on page 77, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3715.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6507387
New measurements of the $η$ and $K^0$ masses
Creators: name: Lai, A.
name: collaboration, NA48
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: New measurements of the $η$ and $K^0$ masses have been performed using decays to 3$π^0$ with the NA48 detector at the CERN SPS. Using symmetric decays to reduce systematic effects, the results $M(η) = 547.843\pm0.051$ MeV/c$^2$ and $M(K^0) = 497.625\pm0.031$ MeV/c$^2$ were obtained.
description: 17 pages, 4 figures to be published in Physics Letters B
Isospin effect on nuclear stopping in intermediate energy Heavy Ion Collisions
Creators: name: Li, Qingfeng
name: Li, Zhuxia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By using the Isospin Dependent Quantum Molecular Dynamics Model (IQMD), we study the dependence of nuclear stopping Q_{ZZ}/A and R in intermediate energy heavy ion collisions on system size, initial N/Z, isospin symmetry potential and the medium correction of two-body cross sections. We find the effect of initial N/Z ratio, isospin symmetry potential on stopping is weak. The excitation function of Q_{ZZ}/A and R depends on the form of medium correction of two-body cross sections, the equation of state of nuclear matter (EOS). Our results show the behavior of the excitation function of Q_{ZZ}/A and R can provide clearer information of the isospin dependence of the medium correction of two-body cross sections.
description: 3 pages including 4 figures
Signatures of Thermal and Electrical Crosstalk in a Microwave Multiplexed Hard X-ray Transition Edge Sensor Array
Creators: name: Triamkitsawat, Panthita
name: Guruswamy, Tejas
name: Quaranta, Orlando
name: Gades, Lisa
name: Patel, Umeshkumar
name: Miceli, Antonino
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the crosstalk between Transition-Edge Sensor (TES) pixels in a prototype 24-pixel hard X-ray array fabricated at the Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory. Analysis shows thermal cross talk, possibly associated with insufficient thermalization, and rare but large in magnitude electrical crosstalk between specific perpetrator-victim pixel combinations, potentially due to deficiencies in the bias wiring or microwave multiplexing circuit. We use a method based on group triggering and averaging to isolate the crosstalk response despite only having access to X-ray photon illumination uniform across the entire array. This allows us to identify thermal and electrical crosstalk between pixel pairs in repeated measurements to the level of 1 part in 1000 or better. In the array under study, the magnitude of observed crosstalk is small but comparable to the resolving power of this pixel design (E/$Δ$E $\sim$ 1000 at 20 keV) and so potentially responsible for a degradation in energy resolution of the array at high incident photon rates. Having proven the methods to identify and quantify crosstalk in our setup, we can consider mitigations.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures. Presented at the 20th International Workshop on Low Temperature Detectors
Is Bioprospecting A Viable Strategy for Conserving Tropical Ecosystems?
Creators: name: Barrett, Christopher B.
name: Lybbert, Travis J.
name: Barrett, Christopher B.
name: Lybbert, Travis J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: This paper explores whether bioprospecting can reasonably be expected to change rural incentives to conserve tropical ecosystems. Bioprospecting advocates posit that the prospect of discovery ofbiota of immense commercial worth offers an avenue to increase the valuation of nature and endogenously reduce consumptive use of habitat. We consider the microeconomic mechanisms by which bioprospecting might affect incentives and the distributional consequences of these effects.
Implementation of quantum gates and preparation of entangled states in cavity QED with cold trapped ions
Creators: name: Feng, Mang
name: Wang, Xiaoguang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a scheme to perform basic gates of quantum computing and prepare entangled states in a system with cold trapped ions located in a single mode optical cavity. General quantum computing can be made with both motional state of the trapped ion and cavity state being qubits. We can also generate different kinds of entangled states in such a system without state reduction, and can transfer quantum states from the ion in one trap to the ion in another trap. Experimental requirement for achieving our scheme is discussed.
description: To appear in J. Opt. B
Online Influence Maximization: Concept and Algorithm
Creators: name: Guo, Jianxiong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this survey, we offer an extensive overview of the Online Influence Maximization (IM) problem by covering both theoretical aspects and practical applications. For the integrity of the article and because the online algorithm takes an offline oracle as a subroutine, we first make a clear definition of the Offline IM problem and summarize those commonly used Offline IM algorithms, which include traditional approximation or heuristic algorithms and ML-based algorithms. Then, we give a standard definition of the Online IM problem and a basic Combinatorial Multi-Armed Bandit (CMAB) framework, CMAB-T. Here, we summarize three types of feedback in the CMAB model and discuss in detail how to study the Online IM problem based on the CMAB-T model. This paves the way for solving the Online IM problem by using online learning methods. Furthermore, we have covered almost all Online IM algorithms up to now, focusing on characteristics and theoretical guarantees of online algorithms for different feedback types. Here, we elaborately explain their working principle and how to obtain regret bounds. Besides, we also collect plenty of innovative ideas about problem definition and algorithm designs and pioneering works for variants of the Online IM problem and their corresponding algorithms. Finally, we encapsulate current challenges and outline prospective research directions from four distinct perspectives.
Dolichosauridae Gervais 1852
Creators: name: Conrad, J. L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Reptilia
Squamata
Dolichosauridae

description: Dolichosauridae Gervais, 1852  (figs. 54F, 55F, 56D)   DEFINITION: All taxa sharing a more recent common ancestor with Dolichosaurus longicollis than with Mosasaurus hoffmanni.
 DIAGNOSIS: Dolichosauridae as defined here in the context of the present analysis includes only Dolichosaurus longicollis and Aphanizocnemus, and is united by 243(2) cervical intercentra fused to the posterior part of the preceding intercentrum.
 COMMENTS: Lee and Caldwell (2000) coded Dolichosauridae based on Coniasaurus and Dolichosaurus longicollis, but their analysis does not resolve the position of Aphanizocnemus with respect to their Dolichosauridae, Adriosaurus, and/or snakes. Carroll (1988b: 618) included Adriosaurus, Dolichosaurus longicollis, Eidolosaurus trauthi, and Pontosaurus in his Dolichosauridae, but placed Coniasaurus tentatively with the Aigialosauridae.
 The current analysis offers no unambiguous character support for uniting Coniasaurus and Dolichosaurus longicollis. The principle trees recovered in this analysis always recover a basal position for a clade containing Dolichosaurus longicollis and Aphanizocnemus, but the relative phylogenetic placement of Coniasaurus is more problematic. Coniasaurus is recovered as the sister taxon to Dolichosaurus longicollis, as the sister taxon to all other mosasaurs, as a nested mosasauroid (above the level of adriosaurids), or as the sister-taxon to Opetiosaurus within mosasauroids. Note that the existing cranial remains are very limited in most of the basal mosasaur taxa and that Coniasaurus is known primarily from partial skulls. Future inclusion of a Judeasaurus tchernovi, recently described by Haber and Polcyn (2005), may help to resolve this problem.
description: Published as part of Conrad, J. L., 2008, Phylogeny And Systematics Of Squamata (Reptilia) Based On Morphology, pp. 1-182 in Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2008 (310) on page 125
Spin Measurements of NV Centers Coupled to a Photonic Crystal Cavity
Creators: name: Jung, Thomas
name: Görlitz, Johannes
name: Kambs, Benjamin
name: Pauly, Christoph
name: Raatz, Nicole
name: Nelz, Richard
name: Neu, Elke
name: Edmonds, Andrew M.
name: Markham, Matthew
name: Mücklich, Frank
name: Meijer, Jan
name: Becher, Christoph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers feature outstanding properties like a spin coherence time of up to one second as well as a level structure offering the possibility to initialize, coherently manipulate and optically read-out the spin degree of freedom of the ground state. However, only about three percent of their photon emission are channeled into the zero phonon line (ZPL), limiting both the rate of indistinguishable single photons and the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of coherent spin-photon interfaces. We here report on the enhancement of the SNR of the optical spin read-out achieved by tuning the mode of a two-dimensional photonic crystal (PhC)cavity into resonance with the NV-ZPL. PhC cavities are fabricated by focused ion beam (FIB) milling in thin reactive ion (RIE) etched ultrapure single crystal diamond membranes featuring modes with Q-factors of up to 8250 at mode volumes below one cubic wavelength. NV centers are produced in the cavities in a controlled fashion by a high resolution atomic force microscope (AFM) implantation technique. On cavity resonance we observe a lifetime shortening from 9.0ns to 8.0ns as well as an enhancement of the ZPL emission by almost one order of magnitude. Although on resonance the collection efficiency of ZPL photons and the spin-dependent fluorescence contrast are reduced, the SNR of the optical spin read-out is almost tripled for the cavity-coupled NV centers.
The strange border of the QCD phases
Creators: name: Kabana, Sonja
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We address the flavour composition along the border between the hadronic and the quark-gluon plasma phases of QCD. The ratio of strange to up and down antiquarks ($λ_s$) produced in partic le and nuclear collisions, is found to increase in collisions with initially reached energy density ($ε_i$) up to $ε_{crit}$ $\sim$ 1 GeV/$fm^3$. Above this value it decreases approximately linearly and reaches its asymptotic value at zero baryon chemical potential ($μ_B$). We demonstrate that $λ_s$ in nuclear collisions is approaching its asymptotic value at $ε_i$ $\sim$ 8-9 GeV/$fm^3$, corresponding to $\sqrt{s}$ $\sim$ 3-8 TeV per nucleon+nucleon pair which will be reached at the LHC. After correcting for the difference in the chemical potentials of various colliding systems, $λ_s$ universally saturates across the QCD phase boundary, following the temperature. Recent experimental puzzles as the increase in the $K/π$ ratio in Pb+Pb collisions at 40 GeV per nucleon, its different behaviour at midrapidity, the decrease of the double ratio of $K/π$(A+A/p+p) in nucleus nucleus over p+p collisions with increasing $\sqrt{s}$, and the increase of $λ_s$ in p+A over p+p collisions at the same $\sqrt{s}$, are naturally explained. We study the approach of thermodynamic observables at $μ_B=0$ to the transition point and extract an estimate of the critical temperature.
description: 36 pages, 19 figures
Exchange and environment : local officials and poverty alleviation policy in South India
Creators: name: Gebert, Rita Ingrid
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 1988
Subjects: subject: Integrated Rural Development Programme (India)
subject: Local government India Tamil Nadu
subject: Poor Economic conditionsIndia Tamil Nadu
subject: Tamil Nadu (India) Economic conditions

description: This thesis examines the local development officials’ implementation in Tamil Nadu of a rural poverty alleviation policy--the Integrated Rural Development Program (IRDP)--using resource exchange theory. Resource exchange has not been used previously in the context of local administration. I argue, however, that it offers a good explanation of the local administrator’s allocation of policy resources because it sees this allocation in terms of his political and socio-economic environment. The official’s environment in the community development block gives rise to many, sometimes conflicting, demands for the resources under his control (thus severely his time). He exchanges policy resources with the resource rich to satisfy as many of these demands as possible, and to gain valuable resources in return, such as help in implementing other policies. By exchanging resources the administrator more easily satisfies demands for resource allocations from politicians (who have some control over administrative transfers and promotions), and from senior administrators who want program targets achieved. Importantly, he also minimises the time he needs to spend with each policy. I argue that the current, "management-style" development policy and administration literature, which also reflects the attitudes of many senior administrators in India, is both a historical and a contextual. Its authors fail to explain the local official’s implementation of rural development policy, largely because they view him as acting either "pathologically" or "irrationally," rather than as responding as best he can to the most important demands arising from his environment. In terms of IRDP, which seeks to raise people’s incomes above the "poverty line" through subsidised loans for "productive assets," the block officials have of necessity ignored most of its time consuming rules of implementation. They have met IRDP’s targets by trading a large percentage of its resources to "loan brokers" who choose the program beneficiaries and complete program minutiae for the officials in exchange for other administratively-controlled resources. These brokers, many of whom have profited handsomely from IRDP, are little concerned with the poor beneficiaries’ welfare, and the latter have seldom benefited from taking ERDP loans.
A direct measurement of W boson decay width
Creators: name: Dzero Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on 85 pb$^{-1}$ data of \ppbar collisions at $\sqrt{s}=1.8$ \tev\ collected using the DØdetector at Fermilab during the 1994-1995 run of the Tevatron, we present a direct measurement of the total decay width of the \wb\ boson, $Γ_W$. The width is determined from the transverse mass spectrum in the $W \to e+ν_e$ decay channel and found to be $Γ_W = 2.23^{+ 0.15}_{- 0.14}$(stat.)$\pm 0.10$(syst.)GeV, consistent with the expectation from the standard model.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures
Mosasauridae Gervais 1853
Creators: name: Conrad, J. L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Reptilia
Squamata
Mosasauridae

description: Mosasauridae Gervais, 1853  (figs. 54F, 55F)   DEFINITION: Halisaurus platyspondylus, Tylosaurus proriger, Mosasaurus hoffmanni, and all descendants of their last common ancestor.
DIAGNOSIS: Mosasaurids are diagnosed by two unambiguous synapomorphies: 247(1) absence of a functional sacrum and 275(1) presence of a flattened ‘‘hourglass-shaped’’ humerus.
 COMMENTS: The definition of Mosasauridae implemented here follows that of Bell (1997) who divided mosasaurids into Halisaurus and Natantia. The sister-group relationship of Halisaurus and all other mosasaurids has been recovered in several analyses (DeBraga and Carroll, 1993; Caldwell, 1996; Bardet and Suberbiola, 2001; Bardet et al., 2003, 2005), but has been questioned recently (Bell and Polcyn, 2005; Polcyn and Bell, 2005). This problem will require further examination given the recent description of new taxa such as Russellosaurus coheni (Polcyn and Bell, 2005) and Dallasaurus turneri (Bell and Polcyn, 2005). Note, however, that although some existing phylogenetic studies of mosasauroids have sampled densely for species than the current analysis (Bell, 1997; Bell and Polcyn, 2005; Polcyn and Bell, 2005), they have limited their taxonomic sampling to mainly North American and European taxa. The current analysis benefits from more complete taxonomic sampling from all over the world (e.g., Lakumasaurus antarcticus from Antarctica and Goronyosaurus nigeriensis from Africa), but does not include many of the American species represented in earlier analyses. A more definitive phylogenetic and taxonomic analysis should include all of these data.
description: Published as part of Conrad, J. L., 2008, Phylogeny And Systematics Of Squamata (Reptilia) Based On Morphology, pp. 1-182 in Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2008 (310) on pages 126-127