cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Neuropathology of Dystonia
Creators: name: Sharma, Nutan
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Pathology
Neurology
Dystonia
Diseases--Causes and theories of causation

description: Background: Dystonia is characterized by sustained or intermittent muscle contractions resulting in abnormal, often repetitive, movements, postures, or both. Neuropathologic research has been essential in understanding the etiology and disease progression of other movement disorders, including Parkinson’s disease and cerebellar ataxias. In the field of dystonia, however, research is stymied by the paucity of post-mortem tissue available and the phenotypic heterogeneity found in those with dystonia. Methods: A PubMed search was conducted using the term “neuropathology of dystonia”. The resulting list of references was limited to English-language human neuropathology articles. A total of 20 publications were retrieved and reviewed. Results: Historically, based on study of acquired forms of dystonia, lesions of the putamen and globus pallidus have been identified as causing dystonia. After the identification of genetic causes of dystonia and the study of limited tissue available from those cases, as well as findings from cases of isolated focal and segmental dystonia, there is evidence that brainstem cholinergic neurons and specific cell populations within the cerebellum also play a role in the pathophysiology of dystonia. Discussion: Based on limited available brain tissue, there is evidence that the pathophysiology of dystonia may involve a combination of dysfunction within neurons of the brainstem, cerebellum, putamen, and globus pallidus. In order to gain a better understanding of the pathophysiology of dystonia, a prospective, quantitative study in well-phenotyped subjects with different types of genetic and isolated dystonia is required.
Additional file 1 of Dissemination feature based on PET/CT is a risk factor for diffuse large B cell lymphoma patients outcome
Creators: name: Wang, Fei
name: Cui, Silu
name: Lu, Luo
name: Shao, Xiaoliang
name: Yan, Feng
name: Liu, Yaqi
name: He, Bai
name: Wang, Jianfeng
name: Cao, Yang
name: Yue, Yanhua
name: Wang, Yuetao
name: Gu, Weiying
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Figure S1 Measurement of MBV. MBV (cm3) was defined as the product of the cross-sectional area of the larger section of the largest lesion and section thickness. MBV, metabolic bulk volume. Table S1 Multivariable analysis of PFS and OS of DLBCL patient considering Dmax and MBV as continuous values. Table S2 Spearman correlation analysis of Dmax and MBA groups. Table S3 Multivariable analysis of PFS and OS of DLBCL patients staged based on Lugano System. Table S4 Multivariable analysis of IPI and Dmax
title: Life-History Strategies And Environmental Variation In Atlantic Salmon (Salmo Salar)
Creators: name: Blanco, Gloria
name: Fernandez, Agustin
name: sanchez, Jose A.
Publisher: name: ASC 2009 - Theme session H
Year: 2024
Subjects: Ecosystem observation, processes and dynamics
Pressures, impacts, conservation, and management

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.The identification of stock structure is a keystone of knowledge for fisheries research. Climate change has the potential to threaten marine and freshwater ecosystems all over the world, changing regional climate conditions. It is highly probable that water temperature will increase by 1 to 3*C in only 5-10 years. The gradual increases in water temperature may affect in different way, to different fish species producing alteration in life-history traits, altering demographic structure, migration patterns, such can have direct consequences on the genetic stock structure.
Uplifting Amplitudes in Special Kinematics
Creators: name: Goddard, Timothy
name: Heslop, Paul
name: Khoze, Valentin V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider scattering amplitudes in planar N = 4 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory in special kinematics where all external four-dimensional momenta are restricted to a (1+1)-dimensional subspace. The amplitudes are known to satisfy non-trivial factorisation properties arising from multi-collinear limits, which we further study here. We are able to find a general solution to these multi-collinear limits. This results in a simple formula which represents an n-point superamplitude in terms of a linear combination of functions S_m which are constrained to vanish in all appropriate multi-collinear limits. These collinear-vanishing building blocks, S_m, are dual-conformally-invariant functions which depend on the reduced m-point kinematics with 8 \leq m \leq 4l. For MHV amplitudes they can be constructed directly using, for example, the approach in Ref. [1]. This procedure provides a universal uplift of lower-point collinearly vanishing building blocks S_m to all higher-point amplitudes. It works at any loop-level l \geq 1 and for any MHV or N^kMHV amplitude. We compare this with explicit examples involving n-point MHV amplitudes at 2-loops and 10-point MHV amplitudes at 3-loops. Tree-level superamplitudes have different properties and are treated separately from loop-level amplitudes in our approach. To illustrate this we derive an expression for n-point tree-level NMHV amplitudes in special kinematics.
description: 42 pages, 2 figures. v2. New subsections detailing the uplift and changes to the text in other sections
Cybersecurity through an Identity Management System
Creators: name: Androulaki, Elli
name: Vo, Binh D.
name: Bellovin, Steven Michael
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2009
Subjects: Computer science

description: Cybersecurity is a concern of growing importance as internet usage continues to spread into new areas. Strong authentication combined with accountability is a powerful measure towards individuals' protection against any type of identity theft. On the other hand, such strong identification raises privacy concerns. In this paper, we argue that authentication, accountability and privacy can be combined into a single, deployable identity management system which can be adopted to current citizenship database infrastructures. More specifically, we present the properties that such a system would need in order to meet the applications of current infrastructures, aid in general operations of day to day life, and take into consideration the privacy of individuals.
Augmented Encrypted Key Exchange: A Password-Based Protocol Secure Against Dictionary Attacks and Password File Compromise
Creators: name: Bellovin, Steven Michael
name: Merritt, Michael
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1993
Subjects: Computer science

description: The encrypted key exchange (EKE) protocol is augmented so that hosts do not store cleartext passwords. Consequently, adversaries who obtain the one-way encrypted password file may (i) successfully mimic (spoof) the host to the user, and (ii) mount dictionary attacks against the encrypted passwords, but cannot mimic the user to the host. Moreover, the important security properties of EKE are preserved—an active network attacker obtains insufficient information to mount dictionary attacks. Two ways to accomplish this are shown, one using digital signatures and one that relies on a family of commutative one-way functions.
Twisted Courant algebroids and coisotropic Cartan geometries
Creators: name: Xiaomeng, Xu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we show that associated to any coisotropic Cartan geometry there is a twisted Courant algebroid. This includes in particular parabolic geometries. Using this twisted Courant structure, we give some new results about the Cartan curvature and the Weyl structure of a parabolic geometry. As more direct applications, we have Lie 2-algebra and 3D AKSZ sigma model with background associated to any coisotropic Cartan geometry.
Electrostatics in intrinsically disordered proteins
Creators: name: Wong, Eric Tsz Chung
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2013

description: Protein-protein interactions are fundamental to many biological processes. A large proportion of proteins have been identified as partially or entirely disordered in their native state. Disordered protein regions appear to be especially adept for facilitating interactions and are often important for signaling and regulation. This is a relatively young field compared to the extensively studied structured proteins, which means the data available is not as abundant and well characterized. Consequently, the first goal of this thesis is to use a structure-based method to identify intrinsically disordered protein (IDP) complexes. We hypothesize that we can take advantage of the tendency of intrinsically disordered segments to adopt extended structures when bound to globular proteins to separate them from natively structured proteins. Radius of gyration is used to measure the extendedness of protein chains in protein data bank structures. The dataset of selected extended protein chains is then verified to be enriched in disorder through sequence based prediction. The second goal of the thesis is to characterize the identified IDP complexes. This involved an attempt to analyze the compaction of intrinsically disordered segments upon binding and analysis of the interface residue composition. Analysis of the interface residue composition revealed an interesting disparity between the residue compositions across the IDP complex interface. An enrichment of hydrophobic and depletion of charged residues on the IDP side of the interface seems to suggest that IDP interactions are relatively unspecific due to strong hydrophobic contributions. Their importance in signaling and regulation as well as studies that suggested highly specific interactions led us to investigate the polar interactions of IDP complexes. Computational alanine scanning and continuum electrostatic calculations on IDP complexes reveal a class of protein-protein interaction that has high electrostatic complementarity in comparison to structured protein complexes. Charged residues on the IDP interface make greater contribution to binding compared to those of structured proteins. Furthermore, large desolvation penalties and Coulombic interactions balance out to contribute to highly specific yet low affinity interactions.
Intentional Dynamics in TESOL: An Ecological Perspective
Creators: name: Stelma, Juup
name: Onat-Stelma, Zeynep
name: Lee, Woojoo
name: Kostoulas, Achilleas
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: English language--Study and teaching--Foreign speakers
subject: Semantics (Philosophy)
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Language and languages

description: This paper presents an ecological perspective on meaning-making, conceptualised as developing intentionality and exemplified with reference to three international TESOL settings. The paper draws on philosophical and folk-psychological perspectives on intentionality, including Searle’s (1983) distinction between intrinsic (individual) and derived (social) forms of intentionality and Young, DePalma and Garrett’s (2002) modelling of intentional dynamics in educational settings. The paper illustrates the analytical affordances of the perspective through sample analyses of intentional dynamics found in three international TESOL settings. This includes: (i) young learners’ interpretations of love and marriage in a joint writing task in a Norwegian primary L2 classroom, (ii) a Turkish teacher’s first experience of teaching English to young learners, and (iii) the impact of the English as the global language phenomenon on the teaching of English to young learners in South Korea. The paper concludes that explorations of intentional dynamics on different levels of language education activities can enhance our ecological understanding of the cognitive, social and political dimensions of TESOL.
Scrippsiella acuminata Kretschmann, Elbrachter, Zinssmeister, Soehner, Kirsch, Kusber & Gottschling 2015
Creators: name: Nunes, Caio Ceza da Silva
name: Susini-Ribeiro, Sylvia Maria Moreira
name: Cavalcante, Kaoli Pereira
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Chromista
Myzozoa
Dinophyceae
Peridiniales
Peridiniaceae
Scrippsiella
Scrippsiella acuminata

description: Scrippsiella cf. acuminata (Ehrenberg) Kretschmann, Elbrachter, Zinssmeister, Soehner, Kirsch, Kusber & Gottschling, 2015 Figure 2A Brazil, estuary of Maraú River: Mixing Zone Station 2: 14°04′52″S, 038°59′12″W, I.2007 (HUESC 24055). Epitheca conical with convex margins and a short apical process, hypotheca rounded, cingulum equatorial and slightly excavated. TL: 35 μm, TW: 20 μm (n = 1). Taxonomic remarks. The only specimen observed is clearly assigned to S. acuminata -like cells due to its shape, size, and cytological features. However, due to its rarity in the samples we could not observe diacritical thecal features that accurately confirm its specific identity. Scrippsiella acuminata is widely distributed in the coastal regions of the world, usually identified as Scrippsiella trochoidea (Stein) Balech ex Loeblich III. However, Kretschmann et al. (2015) showed that Peridinium acuminatum Ehrenberg (the basionym of S. acuminata) and S. trochoidea are conspecific and considered S. trochoidea to be a later heterotypic synonym of the former. Distribution in Brazil: coastal regions of Pará, Bahia, Espírito Santo, Rio de Janeiro, Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul; cited as S. trochoidea (Flora do Brasil 2019).
description: Published as part of Nunes, Caio Ceza da Silva, Susini-Ribeiro, Sylvia Maria Moreira & Cavalcante, Kaoli Pereira, 2019, Dinoflagellates in tropical estuarine waters from the Maraú River, Camamu Bay, northeastern Brazil, pp. 951-963 in Check List 15 (5) on pages 953-954, DOI: 10.15560/15.5.951
description: {"references": ["Kretschmann J, Elbrachter M, Zinssmeister C, Soehner S, Kirsch M, Kusber W, Gottschling M (2015) Taxonomic clarification of the dinophyte Peridinium acuminatum Ehrenb., \u2261 Scrippsiella acuminata, comb. nov. (Thoracosphaeraceae, Peridiniales). Phytotaxa 220 (3): 239 - 256. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / phytotaxa. 220.3.3", "Flora do Brasil (2019). Flora do Brasil. Jardim Botanico do Rio de Janeiro. http: // floradobrasil. jbrj. gov. br / reflora / floradobrasil / FB 124157. Accessed on: 2019 - 7 - 24."]}
Familial Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 2 Parkinsonism Presenting as Intractable Oromandibular Dystonia
Creators: name: Woo, Kyung Ah
name: Lee, Jee-Young
name: Jeon, Beomseok
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Dystonia
Central nervous system--Diseases
Parkinson's disease
Ataxia
Friedreich's ataxia

description: We have previously described a Korean family afflicted with spinocerebellar ataxia type 2 (SCA2) parkinsonism in which genetic analysis revealed CAG expansion of 40 repeats in the ATXN2 gene.1 The affected members presented with levodopa-responsive parkinsonism without cerebellar ataxia. Some showed motor fluctuation and dyskinesia, further mimicking idiopathic Parkinson’s disease (PD). Herein, we report a member of this family who developed jaw-opening and lingual-protrusion dystonia as the chief presentation.
Additional file 1 of Multi-dimensional evaluation of cardiotoxicity in mice following respiratory exposure to polystyrene nanoplastics
Creators: name: Zhang, Tianyi
name: Yang, Sheng
name: Ge, Yiling
name: Wan, Xin
name: Zhu, Yuxin
name: Yang, Fei
name: Li, Jie
name: Gong, Saisai
name: Cheng, Yanping
name: Hu, Chengyu
name: Chen, Zaozao
name: Yin, Lihong
name: Pu, Yuepu
name: Liang, Geyu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Supplementary Material 1: DSI Buxco Inhalation Exposure System. (A): Design pattern diagram of DSI Buxco Inhalation Exposure System. (B): Inhalation tower. (C): Chamber of Inhalation Exposure. (D): All-in-one controller of Buxco Inhalation tower. (E): Finepoint software. Supplementary figure 2: Accumulation of PS-NPs in the heart and the effects on mice body weight, heart weight and heart/body weight index after respiratory exposure to PS-NPs. IVIS images of mice in vivo for the control group (A), HD groups after 4-weeks exposure (B) and 12-weeks exposure (C).
Invoking Membership Categories Through Marked Person Reference Forms in Parent-Child Interaction
Creators: name: Liu, Ruey-Ying
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: Parent and child
Applied linguistics
Language acquisition
Education

description: Based on video-recordings and transcripts from parent-child conversations, this paper examines how marked person references can be designed to invoke relevant membership categories. Through detailed analyses guided by the principles of Conversation Analysis and Membership Categorization Analysis, I show that categories invoked through marked person references allow speakers to account for and upgrade the social actions they are performing. Findings of this study contribute to research on person reference and membership categorization, and in particular, the crossover between the two. They also provide insights into how parents employ language practices as a resource for socializing children into their family roles.
Tripos hircus Gomez 2013
Creators: name: Nunes, Caio Ceza da Silva
name: Susini-Ribeiro, Sylvia Maria Moreira
name: Cavalcante, Kaoli Pereira
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Chromista
Myzozoa
Dinophyceae
Gonyaulacales
Ceratiaceae
Tripos
Tripos hircus

description: Tripos hircus (Schröder) Gomez, 2013 Figure 2C Brazil, estuary of Maraú River: River Zone Station 1, 14°06′33″S, 039°02′48″W, IX.2006 (HUESC 24039), X.2006 (HUESC 24042), XI.2006 (HUESC 24046), I. 2007 (HUESC 24054), II.2007 (HUESC 24058), III.2007 (HUESC 24062), IV.2007 (HUESC 24066), V.2007 (HUESC 24070), VI.2007 (HUESC 24074), VII.2007 (HUESC 24078), VIII.2007 (HUESC 24082); Mixing Zone Station 2, 14°04′52″S, 038°59′12″W, X.2006 (HUESC 24043), XI.2006 (HUESC 24047), XII.2006 (HUESC 24051), I.2007 (HUESC 24055), II.2007 (HUESC 24059), III.2007 (HUESC 24063), IV.2007 (HUESC 24067), V. 2007 (HUESC 24071), VI.2007 (HUESC 24075), VII. 2007 (HUESC 24079), VIII.2007 (HUESC 24083); Mixing Zone Station 3, 13°57′24″S, 038°59′38″W, IX.2006 (HUESC 24040), X.2006 (HUESC 24044), XI.2006 (HUESC 24048), XII.2006 (HUESC 24052), I.2007 (HUESC 24056), III.2007 (HUESC 24064), IV.2007 (HUESC 24068), V.2007 (HUESC 24072), VI.2007 (HUESC 24076), VII.2007 (HUESC 24080), VIII.2007 (HUESC 24084); Coastal Zone Station 4, 13°54′56″S, 038°58′57″W, IX.2006 (HUESC 24041), X.2006 (HUESC 24045), XI.2006 (HUESC 24049), III.2007 (HUESC 24065), IV.2007 (HUESC 24069), V.2007 (HUESC 24073), VI.2007 (HUESC 24077), VII.2007 (HUESC 24081), VIII. 2007 (HUESC 24085). Narrow, long cell body, epitheca conical, gradually tapered into a cylindrical apical horn, cingulum excavated, two long divergent antapical horns of almost equal size. TL: 135–262.5 μm (221.7 ± 40.4 μm), EL: 80–167.5 μm (139.1 ± 30.7 μm), CW: 25–62.5 μm (41.4 ± 8.6 μm), RAH: 20–55 μm (44.8 ± 11.6 μm), LAH: 25–62.5 μm (54.8 ± 8.5 μm) (n = 68). Distribution in Brazil: widely distributed along the Brazilian coastal region (Flora do Brasil 2019).
description: Published as part of Nunes, Caio Ceza da Silva, Susini-Ribeiro, Sylvia Maria Moreira & Cavalcante, Kaoli Pereira, 2019, Dinoflagellates in tropical estuarine waters from the Maraú River, Camamu Bay, northeastern Brazil, pp. 951-963 in Check List 15 (5) on page 954, DOI: 10.15560/15.5.951
description: {"references": ["Flora do Brasil (2019). Flora do Brasil. Jardim Botanico do Rio de Janeiro. http: // floradobrasil. jbrj. gov. br / reflora / floradobrasil / FB 124157. Accessed on: 2019 - 7 - 24."]}
Tripos trichoceros Gomez 2013
Creators: name: Nunes, Caio Ceza da Silva
name: Susini-Ribeiro, Sylvia Maria Moreira
name: Cavalcante, Kaoli Pereira
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Chromista
Myzozoa
Dinophyceae
Gonyaulacales
Ceratiaceae
Tripos
Tripos trichoceros

description: Tripos trichoceros (Ehrenberg) Gómez, 2013 Figure 2E Brazil, estuary of Maraú River: River Zone Station 1, 14°06′33″S, 039°02′48″W, IX.2006 (HUESC 24039), I.2007 (HUESC 24054), VII.2007 (HUESC 24078); Mixing Zone Station 2, 14°04′52″S, 38°59′12″W, XI.2006 (HUESC 24047), XII.2006 (HUESC 24051), III.2007 (HUESC 24063), VI.2007 (HUESC 24075), VII.2007 (HUESC 24079); Mixing Zone Station 3, 13°57′24″S, 38°59′38″W, IX.2006 (HUESC 24040), X.2006 (HUESC 24044), XI.2006 (HUESC 24048), XII.2006 (HUESC 24052), III.2007 (HUESC 24064), IV.2007 (HUESC 24068), V.2007 (HUESC 24072), VI.2007 (HUESC 24076), VII.2007 (HUESC 24080); Coastal Zone Station 4, 13°54′56″S, 38°58′57″W, IX.2006 (HUESC 24041), X. 2006 (HUESC 24045), XI.2006 (HUESC 24049), XII. 2006 (HUESC 24053), II.2007 (HUESC 24061), III.2007 (HUESC 24065), IV.2007 (HUESC 24069), VII.2007 (HUESC 24081). Small cell body with long projections, asymmetrical triangular epitheca abruptly tapered into a long, straight and thin apical horn, cingulum excavated, hypotheca with two well-developed curved antapical horns directed anteriorly, divergente from the apical horn. TL: 187.5– 287.5 μm (232.5 ± 45.60 μm), EL: 100–250 μm (182.5 ± 55.87 μm), CW: 37.5–50 μm (42.5 ± 5.30 μm), RAH: 100–237.5μ m (166 ± 38.91 μm), LAH: 87.5–225 μm (157 ± 39.85 μm), AH: 82.5–237.5 μm (165.5 ± 56.61 μm), HL: 15–30 μm (22 ± 5.70 μm) (n = 26). Distribution in Brazil: widely distributed along the Brazilian coastal region; cited as Ceratium trichoceros (Ehrenberg) Kofoid (Flora do Brasil 2019).
description: Published as part of Nunes, Caio Ceza da Silva, Susini-Ribeiro, Sylvia Maria Moreira & Cavalcante, Kaoli Pereira, 2019, Dinoflagellates in tropical estuarine waters from the Maraú River, Camamu Bay, northeastern Brazil, pp. 951-963 in Check List 15 (5) on page 955, DOI: 10.15560/15.5.951
description: {"references": ["Flora do Brasil (2019). Flora do Brasil. Jardim Botanico do Rio de Janeiro. http: // floradobrasil. jbrj. gov. br / reflora / floradobrasil / FB 124157. Accessed on: 2019 - 7 - 24."]}
title: Do silent ships see more fish? Comparisons of walleye polloc kbackscatter recorded by a noise-reduced and a conventional research vessel in Alaska
Creators: name: De Robertis, Alex
name: Wilson, Christopher D.
name: Williamson, Neal J.
Publisher: name: ASC 2009 - Theme session I
Year: 2024
Subjects: Technologies and data
Ecosystem observation, processes and dynamics
Pressures, impacts, conservation, and management

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.Avoidance of approaching vessels by fish is a major source of uncertainty in fisheries resource surveys. Vessel noise is considered to be the primary stimulus for vessel avoidance, and standards for noise emission by research vessels have been established under the auspices of ICES to minimize vessel avoidance. Although several vessels meeting these criteria are now in service, the effectiveness of noise reduction on vessel avoidance remains poorly understood. For example, a recent study indicated that noisereduced vessels can elicit increased avoidance reactions compared to conventional vessels. This raises concern regarding the current understanding of vessel avoidance reactions. We conducted a series of comparisons of fish abundance recorded by the NOAA ships Oscar Dyson, a noise-reduced vessel and Miller Freeman, a conventional research vessel. Experiments were conducted in 2006-2008 during five acoustic-trawl surveys targeting walleye pollock (Theragra chalcogramma) over a broad range of depths, environmental conditions and behavioral situations (e.g. non-spawning vs. spawning). The vessel comparison results demonstrated that survey abundance estimates could be up to 31% higher from the noise-reduced vessel in some situations. The discrepancy between vessels tended to decrease with depth, which is consistent with a decreasing response to a stimulus propagating from the vessel. Observations from a buoy-mounted echosounder confirmed that the discrepancies are due to decreased avoidance of the noise-reduced vessel. These results illustrate that biases may be introduced into a fish stock abundance time series by switching vessels, particularly when initiating use of a noise-reduced vessel designed to minimize vessel avoidance.
Metadinophysis sinensis Nie & Wang 1941
Creators: name: Nunes, Caio Ceza da Silva
name: Susini-Ribeiro, Sylvia Maria Moreira
name: Cavalcante, Kaoli Pereira
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Chromista
Myzozoa
Dinophyceae
Dinophysiales
Dinophysaceae
Metadinophysis
Metadinophysis sinensis

description: Metadinophysis cf. sinensis Nie & Wang, 1941 Figure 3C Brazil, estuary of Maraú River: River Zone Station 1, 14°06′33″S, 039°02′48″W, X.2006 (HUESC 24042), XI.2006 (HUESC 24046); Mixing Zone Station 2, 14°04′ 52″S, 038°59′12″W, X.2006 (HUESC 24043). Small to medium-sized cells, small epitheca, and laterally flattened hypotheca prolonged by a acute extension in the antapex. CL: 36.46–45 μm (39.84 ± 4.54 μm), TL: 42.23–48.23 μm (44.27 ± 3.43 μm), CW: 19.76–24.11 μm (21.29 ± 2.45 μm), TW: 24.11–29.41 μm (25.97 ± 2.98 μm), R1–R2: 4.38–5.88 μm (5.08 ± 0.75 mm), R2–R3: 9.76–11.76 μm (11.09 ± 1.15 μm) (n = 3) Taxonomic remarks: this species is characterized by a slight slant of the epitheca and cingulum and by a flexion of the sagittal plane (the one containing the dorsoventral axis). As we do not show accurately all diacritical features of this species due its rarity in the samples, we prefer to treat it as Metadinophysis cf. sinensis. Distribution in Brazil: Metadinophysis sinensis has been reported to Camamu Bay (Affe et al. in press).
description: Published as part of Nunes, Caio Ceza da Silva, Susini-Ribeiro, Sylvia Maria Moreira & Cavalcante, Kaoli Pereira, 2019, Dinoflagellates in tropical estuarine waters from the Maraú River, Camamu Bay, northeastern Brazil, pp. 951-963 in Check List 15 (5) on page 956, DOI: 10.15560/15.5.951
description: {"references": ["Nie D, Wang CC (1941) Dinoflagellata of the Hainan region. III. On Metadinophysis sinensis, a new genus and species of Dinophysidae. Sinensia 12: 217 - 226."]}
Necessary and sufficient conditions for local creation of quantum correlation
Creators: name: Hu, Xueyuan
name: Fan, Heng
name: Zhou, D. L.
name: Liu, Wu-Ming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum correlation can be created by a local operation from some initially classical states. We prove that the necessary and sufficient condition for a local trace-preserving channel to create quantum correlation is that it is not a commutativity-preserving channel. This condition is valid for arbitrary finite dimension systems. We also derive the explicit form of commutativity-preserving channels. For a qubit, a commutativity-preserving channel is either a completely decohering channel or a mixing channel. For a three-dimensional system (qutrit), a commutativity-preserving channel is either a completely decohering channel or an isotropic channel.
description: Theorem 2 has been modified
An Attack on the Interlock Protocol When Used for Authentication
Creators: name: Bellovin, Steven Michael
name: Merritt, Michael
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1993
Subjects: Computer science

description: Exponential key exchange may be used to establish secure communications between two parties who do not share a private key. It fails in the presence of an active wiretap, however. Davies and Price suggest the use of Shamir and Rivest's "Interlock Protocol" to surmount this difficulty. The authors demonstrate that an active attacker can, at the cost of a timeout alarm, bypass the passwork exchange, and capture the passwords used. Furthermore, if the attack is from a terminal or workstation attempting to contact a computer, the attacker will have access before any alarm can be sounded.
Raising the Stakes: Creating an International Sanction to Generate Corporate Compliance with Data Privacy Laws
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law
subject: Data protection
subject: Privacy, Right of--Government policy
subject: Sanctions (International law)
subject: Industrial policy--International cooperation

description: In the current framework of human rights, data privacy is finding its home as an independent human right, separate from its historical home under the umbrella of general privacy. However, there is no consistent system or standard for defining this right, and different regions require substantially different levels of protection. This inconsistency has allowed for corporations, by way of their executive officers, to avoid or completely ignore the requirements imposed by many countries. Moreover, the penalties in many regions are not severe enough to incentivize corporations to change their behavior. The lack of a truly global system and standard for enforcing this right, and the specific lack of pressure on the officers that direct corporate policy, has allowed data privacy violations to go severely under-checked. This Note seeks to provide a novel solution for tackling corporate holdup in complying with data privacy laws. This Note examines the historical roots of data privacy as a human right, discusses its similarity to resources that have been considered public utilities, and provides examples of instances where the right to data privacy has been ignored by corporate officers. By modifying the United Nations’ existing sanction procedure and jurisdiction, this Note proposes that the United Nations would be able to target corporate officers individually for their roles in data privacy violations. By leveraging personal liability for noncompliance, the United Nations could generate a global sense of accountability to the modern, human right to privacy in one’s personal data.
Prevalence, Incidence, P/I Ratio, and Main Causes and Hazard Ratio of Death in Patients with Parkinson’s Disease in South Korea: A Nationwide Population-based Retrospective Cohort Study
Creators: name: Kim, Hyoung Seop
name: Lee, Hong-Jae
name: Lim, Hyun-Sun
name: Cha, Jiook
name: Kime, Hye Won
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Parkinson's disease
Epidemiology
Medical policy

description: There has been no nationwide epidemiologic study on patients with PD in South Korea.The aims of this study were to determine the prevalence, incidence, and P/I ratio of Parkinson’s disease (PD) in South Korea and to present basic epidemiological information on PD patients for making effective health policies.

Methods
We used National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort (KNHIS-NSC) data to analyze the prevalence, incidence, and P/I ratio of PD from 2003 to 2013 and then followed up using the NHID in 2008 to obtain the hazard ratio (HR) of death in PD itself and other comorbidities from 2008 to 2013.

Results
The prevalence and incidence of PD increased rapidly from 72.9 and 32.8 in 2003 to 213.4 and 58.0 in 2013, and the P/I ratio increased from 2.22 in 2003 to 3.62 in 2013. The prevalence, incidence, and P/I ratio of PD were all higher in women than in men. The hazard ratio for death was significantly higher in PD patients (15.36) compared to subjects without the disease. Stroke was the most frequent cause of death in the PD patient population followed by cancer and pneumonia.

Conclusion
The prevalence, incidence, and P/I ratio of PD rapidly increased as the years progressed. This indirectly proves that the health insurance system in Korea is efficient and has allowed patients with PD to access medical facilities more easily. However, a newer public healthy strategy should be established for patients with PD because PD itself has a high HR for death, and patients with PD have a high mortality rate when stroke and pneumonia are also involved.
Ornithocercus magnificus Stein 1883
Creators: name: Nunes, Caio Ceza da Silva
name: Susini-Ribeiro, Sylvia Maria Moreira
name: Cavalcante, Kaoli Pereira
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Chromista
Myzozoa
Dinophyceae
Dinophysiales
Dinophysiaceae
Ornithocercus
Ornithocercus magnificus

description: Ornithocercus magnificus Stein, 1883 Figure 3D Brazil, estuary of Maraú River: River Zone Station 1, 14°06′33″S, 039°02′48″W, II.2007 (HUESC 24058). Large cells, subcircular body in lateral view, with epiteca very reduced, cingular lists well-developed and supported by rays and other short segments, thecal surface ornamented by small pores and alveoli, left sulcal list extend from ventral to dorsal margin of the cell, with three well-marked lobes supported by five large ribs. CL: 37.5 μ m, TL: 87.5 μm, CW: 42.5 μm, LT: 87.5 μm, ACL: 67.5 μm, PCL: 67.5 μm, LSL: 25 μm (n = 1). Taxonomic remarks: this species can be distinguished from O. thumii (Schmidt) Kofoid & Skogsberg by its smaller size and the structure of the lists, which are more developed in O. thumii (Balech 1988). Distribution in Brazil: coastal regions of Amapá, Ceará, and Rio Grande do Norte; along the eastern, southeastern, and southern coasts (Flora do Brasil 2019).
description: Published as part of Nunes, Caio Ceza da Silva, Susini-Ribeiro, Sylvia Maria Moreira & Cavalcante, Kaoli Pereira, 2019, Dinoflagellates in tropical estuarine waters from the Maraú River, Camamu Bay, northeastern Brazil, pp. 951-963 in Check List 15 (5) on page 956, DOI: 10.15560/15.5.951
description: {"references": ["Balech E (1988) Los dinoflagelados del Atlantico Sudoccidental. Instituto Espanol de Oceanografia, Madrid, 310 pp.", "Flora do Brasil (2019). Flora do Brasil. Jardim Botanico do Rio de Janeiro. http: // floradobrasil. jbrj. gov. br / reflora / floradobrasil / FB 124157. Accessed on: 2019 - 7 - 24."]}
A "Bump in the Stack" Encryptor for MS-DOS Systems
Creators: name: Wagner, David A.
name: Bellovin, Steven Michael
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1996
Subjects: Computer science

description: Most implementations of IP security are deeply entwined in the source of the protocol stack. However, such source code is not readily available for MS-DOS systems. We implemented a version using the packet driver interface. Our module sits between the generic Ethernet driver and the hardware driver; it emulates each to the other. Most of the code is straightforward; in a few places, though, we were forced to compensate for inadequate interface definitions.
Higher Symmetries of the Laplacian via Quantization
Creators: name: Michel, Jean-Philippe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 58J10, 53A30, 70S10, 17B08, 53D20, 53D55

description: We develop a new approach, based on quantization methods, to study higher symmetries of invariant differential operators. We focus here on conformally invariant powers of the Laplacian over a conformally flat manifold and recover results of Eastwood, Leistner, Gover and Šilhan. In particular, conformally equivariant quantization establishes a correspondence between the algebra of Hamiltonian symmetries of the null geodesic flow and the algebra of higher symmetries of the conformal Laplacian. Combined with a symplectic reduction, this leads to a quantization of the minimal nilpotent coadjoint orbit of the conformal group. The star-deformation of its algebra of regular functions is isomorphic to the algebra of higher symmetries of the conformal Laplacian. Both identify with the quotient of the universal envelopping algebra by the Joseph ideal.
description: 22 pages, minor improvements
How to Protect Consumer Data? Leave it to the Consumer Protection Agency: FTC Rulemaking as a Path to Federal Cybersecurity Regulation
Creators: name: Hagan, Hayes
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law
subject: Consumer protection--Law and legislation
subject: Computer security--Government policy
subject: Data protection

description: In the wake of cases challenging the scope of the Federal Trade Commission’s authority and its role in regulating cybersecurity, this Note considers the centrality of the FTC as a protector of consumer data. It broadly examines the current state of cybersecurity regulation and the need for a uniform national regime to protect consumer data. In considering different methods for realizing such federal oversight, this Note examines legislative and administrative options. Tracing the development of both highlights their shortcomings and reveals a potential solution. In the face of concerning legislative movement and uncertainty surrounding the FTC’s current enforcement philosophy, this Note endorses the employment of the FTC’s rarely used, but highly effective, rulemaking authority as a tool to complement and enhance its adjudicative enforcement.
title: Analyzing fish spatial and temporal distribution patterns using uncalibrated acoustic data from multiple vessels
Creators: name: Barbeaux, Steven J.
name: Horne, John K.
name: Dorn, Martin
Publisher: name: ASC 2009 - Theme session I
Year: 2024
Subjects: Technologies and data
Ecosystem observation, processes and dynamics
Pressures, impacts, conservation, and management

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.Acoustic density data were collected from three commercial fishing vessels participating in the 2003 eastern Bering Sea walleye pollock (Theragra chalcogramma) fishery. Unique challenges encountered with these data included: 1) uncalibrated data from each vessel, 2) no formal sampling design, 3) data volumes that exceeded computing capacity, 4) unbalanced temporal and special coverage, 5) a high degree of spatial autocorrelation, and 6) heteroskedastic density distribution between light and dark hours. We assess spatial and temporal structure of pollock and present a stratified random sampling technique for subsampling the data and addressing unbalanced data collection, while retaining the spatial and temporal attributes of the pollock distribution within the data. A general additive mixed model (GAMM) with an internal correlation structure and heterogeneous variance was used to inter-calibrate the data and to evaluate spatial and temporal distribution of pollock density on the eastern Bering Sea shelf. Covariates investigated included vessel, daylight phase, week of the year, bottom depth, and sea surface temperature. Initial optimum GAMM configuration was evaluated using small sample Akaike information criterion (AICc). Resampling cross-validation is presented as a means to counter possible overparameterization of smoothing splines where a GAMM was not initially optimized over the full range of data. This study introduces a new data source and presents analytic methods to quantify factors influencing fish distributions and dynamics at spatial and temporal scales that were not previously possible
A Programmable Plaintext Recognizer
Creators: name: Wagner, David A.
name: Bellovin, Steven Michael
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1994
Subjects: Computer science

description: Other researchers have studied the feasibility of a brute force attack on DES using several known plaintexts. In practice, know plaintext/ciphertext pairs may not be readily available, but statistical information about similar plaintexts is much more easily aquired. Accordingly, we design a statistical plaintext recognizer suitable for use in a ciphertext-only key search machine. Software simulations indicate that this design gives a powerful attack on the encryption of low-entropy data.
A New Collection of Exceptionally Preserved Fossils from the Roof Shales of the Wigan Four Foot Coal Seam (Upper Carboniferous), Westhoughton, Lancashire, UK
Creators: name: Jepson, James E.
name: Jepson, Lisa D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: fossil arthropods
coprolites
Westhoughton
Manchester Museum

description: The Upper Carboniferous deposit at Westhoughton, UK is a site of exceptional preservation. This site was an opencast coal pit, until the end of operations and subsequent backfilling in the late 1990s – there are now plans to build on the site. Only one major study has previously been conducted on the palaeontology of this site, in 1999 by Anderson et al., in which they logged an exposed sequence and described the fauna and flora from a collection (c. 120 specimens) which is now housed in the Manchester Museum (Carl Horrocks Collection). Recently a collection, which more than doubles that of the previously known material, has been donated to the Manchester Museum. This collection contains some exceptionally-preserved material, including articulated arachnids, millipedes, a complete scorpion, and the first record of insects from this site (both adults and nymphs). The new material is dominated by arthropods; however rare vertebrate material is also present, including skull material and egg cases, as well as plant fossils, and coprolites. This new material forms the basis of a new study on the palaeontology, palaeoecology, and palaeoenvironment of the Westhoughton locality, updating and expanding the previous work.
Relaxing the Higgs mass bound in singlet extensions of the MSSM
Creators: name: Nakayama, Kazunori
name: Yokozaki, Norimi
name: Yonekura, Kazuya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the upper bound on the lightest Higgs mass in the MSSM is relaxed by introducing a singlet which couples to the Higgs fields, even at a large tan beta region, preferable for explaining the muon anomalous magnetic moment. In the models of a singlet extension, it is known that the upper bound is relaxed by a tree-level contribution, especially at small tan beta region. For large tan beta, however, the requirement for the perturbativity on the singlet-Higgs coupling up to the GUT scale prevents the lightest Higgs from obtaining a large tree-level mass. We construct an explicit UV complete model which allows large singlet-Higgs coupling at low energy without disturbing the perturbativity. The UV completion can be applied for any singlet extension of the MSSM. Moreover, we point out that the radiative correction from the singlet-Higgs coupling becomes dominant, and the lightest Higgs mass can be easily as heavy as 130 GeV if this coupling is large enough even for large tan beta.
description: 20 pages, 4 figures; the version to be published
Maternal Syphilis: Variations in Prenatal Screening, Treatment, and Diagnosis of Congenital Syphilis
Creators: name: Mani, Sriniwasan B.
name: Pegany, Roma
name: Sheng, Dana
name: Wendel, Sarah K.
name: Gaydos, Charlotte
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Syphilis, Congenital, hereditary, and infantile
Syphilis--Diagnosis
Prenatal diagnosis
Communicable diseases in pregnancy
Medicine

description: Syphilis is a sexually transmitted infection that, if left untreated, can impact fetal development. In this systematic review of syphilis in pregnancy, we attempt to better understand worldwide discrepancies regarding its diagnosis and management. OVID MEDLINE and PubMed databases were searched for keywords and 74 relevant articles were identified. Twenty-nine articles were ultimately included in our review. In the literature spanning from 1944—2014, we identified several variations in maternal syphilis screening and treatment, as well as a spectrum of gestational outcomes. Even following the publication of universal guidelines by the World Health Organization, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and scientific investigators, practice patterns have continued to vary. Greater adherence to these guidelines could improve the quality of research in this area and promote earlier detection and thus prevention of maternal and congenital syphilis.
Can We Curate It? Why Luggage and Smartphones Merit Different Treatment at the United States Border
Creators: name: DeSimone, Maddalena
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law
subject: Searches and seizures
subject: Electronic apparatus and appliances
subject: Smartphones
subject: Suspicion

description: The Fourth Amendment protects against unreasonable searches and seizures. At the United States border, however, sovereignty interests—namely who and what enters the country—allow for warrantless searches of property without probable cause. This Note explores the reach of the border exception to one category of property: electronic devices. At present, circuit courts disagree over what level of suspicion—no suspicion or reasonable suspicion—applies to forensic searches of electronics. Courts do agree that manual searches, performed without the assistance of external equipment, merit no suspicion at all. The suspicion gap between manual and forensic searches reflects an assumption that all manual searches are cursory and hence violate a device owner’s privacy less than a forensic search. This Note argues that the existing line between forensic and manual searches should be reimagined; instead, electronic devices, such as smartphones, should be separated out from other electronic devices, such as cameras, and be subject to a reasonable suspicion standard irrespective of the nature of the search, forensic or manual. Redrawing the line between devices themselves recognizes that certain electronics (e.g. cameras) are more analogous to traditional luggage and therefore should receive the same treatment at the border where suspicionless searches are permitted. Like luggage, one can curate these devices: it is possible to know and choose what is inside. As the attenuation of the link between the device in question and traditional luggage expands, so too should the suspicion required. Smartphones and like devices should not be searched without reasonable suspicion. Finally, this Note concludes by recommending that the Customs and Border Protection directive, subject to review and modification every three years, be revised to distinguish between the two groups of electronic devices and account for the privacy concerns unique to the smartphone and related devices group.
title: Sampling of herring larvae in shallow archipelago ICESCM 2009
Creators: name: Härmä, Meri
name: Lappalainen, Antti
Publisher: name: ASC 2009 - Theme session I
Year: 2024
Subjects: Technologies and data
Ecosystem observation, processes and dynamics
Pressures, impacts, conservation, and management

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.Gulf ichthyoplankton samplers have been used to monitor abundance and spatial occurrence of Baltic herring larvae. If only pre-larvae (