cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Sprache, Visualisierungen und Konzepte – Zur Evolution des Corona-Diskurses
Creators: name: Götz-Votteler, Katrin
Publisher: name: Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU)
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 410 Linguistik

description: Beim vorliegenden Paper handelt es sich um die Zusammenstellung von Teilergebnissen des Projekts Sprache, Visualisierungen und Konzepte – Zur Evolution des Corona-Diskurses. Gegenstand dieses Projekts war es zu untersuchen, wie die wissenschaftliche Erforschung des Coronavirus Sars-CoV-2 und die damit verbundene Erkrankung COVID-19 während der Pandemie in ausgewählten Medien dargestellt wurden. Dabei wurde diese Analyse aus bildwissenschaftlicher, linguistischer und philosophischer Perspektive unternommen. Die vorliegende Arbeit fasst die Resultate der linguistischen Analyse zusammen: Im ersten Teil der Analyse wird beschrieben, wie häufig das Thema als Gegenstand der Berichterstattung in den untersuchten Organen auftrat und mit welchen Referenzbegriffen darauf verwiesen wurde. Der zweite Teil widmet sich dem Framing der Pandemie über metaphorischen Sprachgebrauch, und Gegenstand des dritten Teils ist es zu erfassen, auf welche Weise auf das Wissenschaftssystem im Zusammenhang mit der Pandemie verwiesen wurde.
Operation strategies of battery energy storage systems for preventive and curative congestion management in transmission grids
Creators: name: Lindner, Martin
name: Peper, Jan
name: Offermann, Nils
name: Biele, Charlotte
name: Teodosic, Milijana
name: Pohl, Oliver
name: Menne, Julian
name: Häger, Ulf
Publisher: name: TU Dortmund
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Battery energy storage system
subject: Congestion management
subject: Grid booster
subject: Power flow control
subject: Power system simulation
subject: Temporary admissible transmission loading
subject: Virtual power line
subject: 620

description: Anticipating and relieving congestions is an ongoing challenge for transmission system operators. Distributed grid-scale battery energy storage systems enable operators to shift power flows and remedy congestion through virtual power lines and grid boosters. This paper includes battery energy storage systems in a combined preventive and curative congestion management optimization. First, it analyzes the impact of the two operational strategies in a case study of the German transmission grid. Furthermore, it outlines curative ad-hoc measures to overcome uncertainties during operational planning and real-time operation. The simulation results indicate that battery energy storage systems further increase the use of curative measures and reduce congestion management costs.
description: IET generation, transmission & distribution;17(3)
Compressible Fluids in the Membrane Paradigm: non-AdS Fluid/Gravity correspondences
Creators: name: Matsuo, Yoshinori
name: Sasai, Yuya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Correspondences between black holes and fluids have been discussed in two different frameworks, the Fluid/Gravity correspondence and membrane paradigm. Recently, it has been discussed that these two theories can be understood as the same theory if the cutoff surface is placed slightly outside the horizon. The bulk viscosity is different for these two theories, but it does not contribute to physics since the fluid becomes incompressible in the near horizon limit. In the AdS/CFT correspondence, it is known that the fluid becomes compressible and the bulk viscosity is zero, apart from the near horizon limit. In this paper, we consider the Fluid/Gravity correspondence in asymptotically non-AdS geometries. We put the cutoff surface near but at a finite distance from the horizon. Then, the model becomes the membrane paradigm with compressible fluid. We show that the bulk viscosity is not negative at least within the linear response regime. We also discuss the higher derivative corrections in the stress-energy tensor.
description: 26 pages, minor changes, references added
DHd-AG Digital Humanities Theorie AG Vorstellung und Aktivitätsbericht 2022_23
Creators: name: Kleymann, Rabea
name: Geiger, Jonathan D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: DHd-AG
DHd-AG Digital Humanities Theorie
Wissenschaftstheorie

description: Vorstellung der DHd-AG Digital Humanities Theorie und Aktivitätsbericht für den Zeitraum 2022/23. Gründung, gegenwärtiger Stand, Aktivitäten auf der DHd2023 und Ausblick.
Allpix$^2$ -- Silicon Detector Monte Carlo Simulations for Particle Physics and Beyond
Creators: name: Spannagel, Simon
name: Schütze, Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Allpix$^2$ is a versatile, open-source simulation framework for silicon pixel detectors. Its goal is to ease the implementation of detailed simulations for both single sensors and more complex setups with multiple detectors. While originally created for silicon detectors in high-energy physics, it is capable of simulating a wide range of detector types for various application scenarios, through its interface to Geant4 to describe the interaction of particles with matter, and the different algorithms for charge transport and digitization. The simulation chain is arranged with the help of intuitive configuration files and an extensible system of modules, which implement the individual simulation steps. Detailed electric field maps imported from TCAD simulations can be used to precisely model the drift behavior of the charge carriers, bringing a new level of realism to the Monte Carlo simulation of particle detectors. Recently, Allpix$^2$ has seen major improvements to its core framework to take full advantage of multi- and many-core processor architectures for simulating events fully parallel. Furthermore, new physics models such as charge carrier recombination in silicon have been introduced, further extending the application range. This contribution provides an overview of the framework and its components, highlighting the versatility and recent developments.
description: 7 pages
Detection of substructure with adaptive optics integral field spectroscopy of the gravitational lens B1422+231
Creators: name: Nierenberg, A. M.
name: Treu, T.
name: Wright, S. A.
name: Fassnacht, C. D.
name: Auger, M. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Strong gravitational lenses can be used to detect low mass subhalos, based on deviations in image fluxes and positions from what can be achieved with a smooth mass distribution. So far, this method has been limited by the small number of (radio-loud, microlensing free) systems which can be analysed for the presence of substructure. Using the gravitational lens B1422+231, we demonstrate that adaptive optics integral field spectroscopy can also be used to detect dark substructures. We analyse data obtained with OSIRIS on the Keck I Telescope, using a Bayesian method that accounts for uncertainties relating to the point spread function and image positions in the separate exposures. The narrow-line [OIII] fluxes measured for the lensed images are consistent with those measured in the radio, and show a significant deviation from what would be expected in a smooth mass distribution, consistent with the presence of a perturbing low mass halo. Detailed lens modelling shows that image fluxes and positions are fit significantly better when the lens is modelled as a system containing a single perturbing subhalo in addition to the main halo, rather than by the main halo on its own, indicating the significant detection of substructure.The inferred mass of the subhalo depends on the subhalo mass density profile: the 68% confidence interval for the perturber mass within 600 pc are: 8.2$^{+0.6}_{-0.8}$, 8.2$^{+0.6}_{-1}$ and 7.6$\pm0.3$ $\log_{10}$[M$_{\rm{sub}}$/M$_\odot$] respectively for a singular isothermal sphere, a pseudo-Jaffe, and an NFW mass profile. This method can extend the study of flux ratio anomalies to virtually all quadruply imaged quasars, and therefore offers great potential to improve the determination of the subhalo mass function in the near future.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS, 12 pages, 7 figures
Second butt joint for low loss waveguides
Creators: name: A. Volpini
name: A. Millan-Mejia
name: S. Kleijn
name: L. Augustin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: We present a new integration scheme for the InP based platform to monolithically integrated low-loss passive waveguides in the SMART photonics integrated circuits (PICs) platform. This method consists of performing a butt joint in the top layer of our wafers. This allows to have two different top claddings on the same wafer, one heavily doped optimized for active and one undoped optimized for passive elements
CRASS: A Novel Data Set and Benchmark to Test Counterfactual Reasoning of Large Language Models
Creators: name: Frohberg, Jörg
name: Binder, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We introduce the CRASS (counterfactual reasoning assessment) data set and benchmark utilizing questionized counterfactual conditionals as a novel and powerful tool to evaluate large language models. We present the data set design and benchmark that supports scoring against a crowd-validated human baseline. We test six state-of-the-art models against our benchmark. Our results show that it poses a valid challenge for these models and opens up considerable room for their improvement.
description: 10 pages including references, plus 5 pages appendix. Edits for version 3 vs LREC 2022: Point out human baseline in abstract (also to match arxiv abstract), fix affiliation apergo.ai, and fix a recurring typo
title: Emotional reactions to the concepts of racism and white privilege in non-aboriginal health professionals working in remote communities
Creators: name: Prince, Caitlin
Publisher: name: University of Southern Queensland
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Antiracism
subject: decolonisation
subject: Aboriginal health
subject: rural and remote health
classificationCode: 420399
subject: Health services and systems not elsewhere classified
valueUri: https://www.abs.gov.au/statistics/classifications/australian-and-new-zealand-standard-research-classification-anzsrc/latest-release
classificationCode: 450499
subject: Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander health and wellbeing not elsewhere classified
valueUri: https://www.abs.gov.au/statistics/classifications/australian-and-new-zealand-standard-research-classification-anzsrc/latest-release
classificationCode: 420199
subject: Allied health and rehabilitation science not elsewhere classified
valueUri: https://www.abs.gov.au/statistics/classifications/australian-and-new-zealand-standard-research-classification-anzsrc/latest-release

description: National standards require health professionals to address racism in health service delivery at individual and systemic levels. However, identifying racism elicits strong emotional reactions including denial, anger, guilt and shame, fear, loss of belonging and disgust. These emotional reactions shut down critical reflection on racism and thwart antiracist initiatives. These emotional reactions need to be better understood in order to successfully develop antiracist professional practice. This research examines how health professionals working in remote Aboriginal communities engage with antiracism in their professional practice, whether it elicits strong emotional reactions, and if so whether these emotional reactions impact on their health service delivery. Eleven non-Indigenous allied health professionals were interviewed in a semi-structured format. Interviews were transcribed and thematically analysed. Themes were compared against existing literature. Every professional interviewed identified overwhelming and difficult emotions in their work that they linked to racism, white privilege and colonisation. Professionals reported grappling with denial, anger, guilt, shame, fear, anxiety and perfectionism, loss of belonging, disgust, and care. They reported the emotions cause exhaustion, poor performance, tensions with colleagues and managers, burnout, leaving remote jobs and changing professions. Previously these emotional reactions and their impact on antiracism have only been described in the context of universities and by antiracist activists. This research identifies for the first time that these reactions also occur in health services working with remote Aboriginal communities in Australia. This indicates the need for wider research to understand how these emotional reactions impact health service delivery to Aboriginal communities. It also demonstrates the need to trial and evaluate ways to support staff constructively navigate these reactions and develop antiracist, decolonised professional practice.
title: The electron-gamma coincidence set-up at the S-DALINAC
Creators: name: Steinhilber, Gerhart
Publisher: name: UNSPECIFIED
Year: 2023

description: This work describes the development, construction and commissioning of a new setup for (e,e'γ)-coincidence measurements at the superconducting Darmstadt linear accelerator S-DALINAC. (e,e'γ) reactions are characterized by the pure electromagnetic interaction in the excitation and in the decay channels and thereby allow nuclear physics investigations with high precision. In contrast to inclusive electron scattering, this measurement method is directly sensitive to the interference of longitudinal and transverse form factors, which affects the angular distribution of the emitted photons. To establish the new (e,e’γ) setup, the existing large acceptance QCLAM electron spectrometer was combined with a new setup consisting of LaBr_3:Ce detectors. For the readout of the γ-ray detectors, a new data acquisition system was developed and combined with the existing QCLAM data acquisition system to form a coincidence data acquisition. A software package for data analysis was developed. In the first commissioning experiment on the 2_1^+ and 1_2^+ states of 12C, the functionality of the (e,e'γ)-setup could be demonstrated. Findings from this and from a second commissioning experiment on 96Ru, together with GEANT4 simulations, were used to optimize the setup with a particular focus on the reduction of background radiation in the γ-ray detectors. The full and optimized setup was used in a first production run on a 96Ru target to measure the γ-decay behavior below and above the neutron separation threshold. Isolated states were observed to decay via the 2_1^+ state of 96Ru. Above the neutron separation threshold, 96Ru decays by emission of a neutron to 95Ru. Depopulations of the low-lying states of 95Ru were observed.
High-frequency transport and zero-sound in an array of SYK quantum dots
Creators: name: Lunkin, A. V.
name: Feigel'man, M. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study an array of strongly correlated quantum dots of complex SYK type and account for the effects of quadratic terms added to the SYK Hamiltonian; both local terms and inter-dot tunneling are considered in the non-Fermi-liquid temperature range $T \gg T_{FL}$. We take into account soft-mode fluctuations and demonstrate their relevance for physical observables. Electric $σ(ω,p)$ and thermal $κ(ω,p)$ conductivities are calculated as functions of frequency and momentum for arbitrary values of the particle-hole asymmetry parameter $\mathcal{E}$. At low-frequencies $ω\ll T$ we find the Lorenz ratio $L = κ(0,0)/Tσ(0,0)$ to be non-universal and temperature-dependent. At $ω\gg T$ the conductivity $σ(ω,p)$ contains a pole with nearly linear dispersion $ω\approx sp\sqrt{\ln\fracω{T}}$ reminiscent of the "zero-sound", known for Fermi-liquids. We demonstrate also that the developed approach makes it possible to understand the origin of heavy Fermi liquids with anomalously large Kadowaki-Woods ratio.
description: 17 pages, 1 figure
Diffuse Lyman-alpha Halos around Galaxies at z=2.2-6.6: Implications for Galaxy Formation and Cosmic Reionization
Creators: name: Momose, Rieko
name: Ouchi, Masami
name: Nakajima, Kimihiko
name: Ono, Yoshiaki
name: Shibuya, Takatoshi
name: Shimasaku, Kazuhiro
name: Yuma, Suraphong
name: Mori, Masao
name: Umemura, Masayuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present diffuse Lyman-alpha halos (LAHs) identified in the composite Subaru narrowband images of 100-3600 Lyman-alpha emitters (LAEs) at z=2.2, 3.1, 3.7, 5.7, and 6.6. First, we carefully examine potential artifacts mimicking LAHs that include a large-scale point-spread function (PSF) made by instrumental and atmospheric effects. Based on our critical test with composite images of non-LAE samples whose narrowband-magnitude and source-size distributions are the same as our LAE samples, we confirm that no artifacts can produce a diffuse extended feature similar to our LAHs. After this test, we measure the scale lengths of exponential profile for the LAHs estimated from our z=2.2-6.6 LAE samples of L(Lyman-alpha) > 2 x 10^42 erg s^-1. We obtain the scale lengths of ~ 5-10 kpc at z=2.2-5.7, and find no evolution of scale lengths in this redshift range beyond our measurement uncertainties. Combining this result and the previously-known UV-continuum size evolution, we infer that the ratio of LAH to UV-continuum sizes is nearly constant at z=2.2-5.7. The scale length of our z=6.6 LAH is larger than 5-10 kpc just beyond the error bar, which is a hint that the scale lengths of LAHs would increase from z=5.7 to 6.6. If this increase is confirmed by future large surveys with significant improvements of statistical and systematical errors, this scale length change at z > 6 would be a signature of increasing fraction of neutral hydrogen scattering Lyman-alpha photons, due to cosmic reionization.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures, 1 table. Accepted by MNRAS
High-intensity positron microprobe at the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility
Creators: name: Golge, S.
name: Vlahovic, B.
name: Wojtsekhowski, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a conceptual design for a novel continuous wave electron-linac based high-intensity high-brightness slow-positron production source with a projected intensity on the order of 10$^{10}$ e$^+$/s. Reaching this intensity in our design relies on the transport of positrons (T$_+$ below 600 keV) from the electron-positron pair production converter target to a low-radiation and low-temperature area for moderation in a high-efficiency cryogenic rare gas moderator, solid Ne. This design progressed through Monte Carlo optimizations of: electron/positron beam energies and converter target thickness, transport of the e$^+$ beam from the converter to the moderator, extraction of the e$^+$ beam from the magnetic channel, a synchronized raster system, and moderator efficiency calculations. For the extraction of e$^+$ from the magnetic channel, a magnetic field terminator plug prototype has been built and experimental results on the effectiveness of the prototype are presented. The dissipation of the heat away from the converter target and radiation protection measures are also discussed.
description: 10 pages, 13 figures
Matching Collinear and Small-x Factorization Calculations for Inclusive Hadron Production in pA Collisions
Creators: name: Staśto, Anna M.
name: Xiao, Bo-Wen
name: Yuan, Feng
name: Zaslavsky, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct a theoretical framework to match the formulas for forward inclusive hadron productions in pA collisions in the small-x saturation formalism and collinear factorization. The small-x calculation can be viewed as a power series in $Q_s^2/k_\perp^2$, in which the collinear factorization result corresponds to the leading term. At high transverse momentum, the subleading correction terms are insignficant, whereas at low $p_\perp$, the power corrections become important and the small-x resummation is essential to describe the differential cross section. We show that the familiar collinear factorization calculation can smoothly match the results from small-x factorization at next-to-leading order in $α_s$ when we use exact kinematics, as opposed to the approximate kinematics in previous work. With this matching, we can describe the experimental data from RHIC very well at high $p_\perp$.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures; extension of work first described in arXiv:1307.4057. v2 adds grant acknowledgment and brief mention of kinematical constraint
Tuning Ferroelectrics to Antiferroelectrics in Multiferroic LaxSr1-xFe12O19 Ceramics
Creators: name: Duan, Cong-Cong
name: Tan, Guo-Long
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The combination of antiferroelectricity (AFE) and ferromagnetism (FM) in one structure would allow the development of new type of multiferroic candidates, which be applicable not only in magnetoelectric memories but also in novel energy storage devices. Here we propose a novel type of multiferroic candidate LaxSr1-xFe12O19, whose room temperature state could betuned from ferroelectrics (FE) to antiferroelectrics by changing x from 0 to 0.5. The emphasis of this paper will be focused on the La0.5Sr0.5Fe12O19 system, in which full AFE and FM coexist. The pure antiferroelectric behavior in La0.5Sr0.5Fe12O19 ceramics is demonstrated by double polarization-electric field (P-E) hysteresis loops, which are fully separated by a linear antiferroelectric AFE component with zero net polarization. The material of La0.2Sr0.7Fe12O19 with the intermediate composition exhibits a hybrid ferroelectric/antiferroelectric state. The recoverable energy density of the antiferroelectric La0.5Sr0.5Fe12O19 phase reaches 14.3 J/cm3. This material demonstrates strong magnetoelectric coupling and giant magnetoresistance (GMR) effect. A 1.1T magnetic field generates electronic polarization up to 0.95uC/cm2, reduce the resistance by 117%, enhances dielectric constants by 540% and right shifts the maximum dielectric loss peak by 208 kHz. The combined functional responses provide an opportunity to develop novel multifunctional electric and energy storage devices.
description: 23 pages, 7 Figures
Dynamics of Starbursting Dwarf Galaxies. III. A HI study of 18 nearby objects
Creators: name: Lelli, Federico
name: Verheijen, Marc
name: Fraternali, Filippo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the dynamics of starbursting dwarf galaxies, using both new and archival HI observations. We consider 18 nearby galaxies that have been resolved into single stars by HST observations, providing their star formation history and total stellar mass. We find that 9 objects have a regularly-rotating HI disk, 7 have a kinematically disturbed HI disk, and 2 show unsettled HI distributions. Two galaxies (NGC 5253 and UGC 6456) show a velocity gradient along the minor axis of the HI disk, that we interpret as strong radial motions. For galaxies with a regularly rotating disk we derive rotation curves, while for galaxies with a kinematically disturbed disk we estimate the rotation velocities in their outer parts. We derive baryonic fractions within about 3 optical scale lengths and find that, on average, baryons constitute at least 30$\%$ of the total mass. Despite the star formation having injected $\sim$10$^{56}$ ergs in the ISM in the last $\sim$500 Myr, these starbursting dwarfs have both baryonic and gas fractions similar to those of typical dwarf irregulars, suggesting that they did not eject a large amount of gas out of their potential wells.
description: Published on A&A (23 pages, 9 tables, 12 figures, plus an optical-HI atlas). Typos fixed
Data assessment for safe zone classification
Creators: name: Nöger, Michael
name: Hartlieb, Philipp
name: Fimbinger, Eric
name: Mansouri, Sina Sharif
name: Paterek, Marcin
name: Bursa, Bartolomiej
name: Sörensen, Josephine
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Digitalization
data analysis
safe zone classification

description: This deliverable is a report on available data from existing sensors which are, or can be used in mine operations. Data from those sensors will be assessed and possible analysis in terms of safe zone classification will be presented.
Kadanoff-Baym approach to the thermal resonant leptogenesis
Creators: name: Iso, Satoshi
name: Shimada, Kengo
name: Yamanaka, Masato
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the non-equilibrium Green function method (Kadanoff-Baym equations) in the expanding universe, we investigate evolution of the lepton number asymmetry when the right-handed (RH) neutrinos have almost degenerate masses $|M_i^2-M_j^2| \ll M_i^2$. The resonantly enhanced $CP$-violating parameter $\varepsilon_i$ associated with the decay of the RH neutrino $N_i$ is obtained. It is proportional to an enhancement factor $(M_i^2-M_j^2) M_i Γ_j/ ((M_i^2-M_j^2)^2 +R_{ij}^2)$ with the regulator $R_{ij}=M_i Γ_i+M_j Γ_j$. The result is consistent with the previous result obtained by Garny et al., in a constant background with an out-of-equilibrium initial state. We discuss the origin of such a regulator, and why it is not like $R_{ij}=M_i Γ_i-M_j Γ_j$.
description: 51 pages + appendices (46 pages), 5 figures; typos corrected, references added
Symmetric Domain Segmentation in WS2 Flakes: Correlating spatially resolved photoluminescence, conductance with valley polarization
Creators: name: Kayal, Arijit
name: Barman, Prahalad Kanti
name: Sarma, Prasad V.
name: Shaijumon, M. M.
name: Kini, R. N.
name: Mitra, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The incidence of intra-flake heterogeneity of spectroscopic and electrical properties in chemical vapour deposited (CVD) WS2 flakes is explored in a multi-physics investigation, via spatially resolved spectroscopic maps correlated with electrical, electronic and mechanical properties. The investigation demonstrates that the three-fold symmetric segregation of spectroscopic response (photoluminescence and Raman (spectral and intensity)), in topographically uniform WS2 flakes are accompanied by commensurate segmentation of electronic properties e.g. local carrier density and the differences in the mechanics of tip-sample interactions, evidenced via scanning probe microscopy phase maps. Overall, the differences are understood to originate from point defects, namely sulphur vacancies within the flake along with a dominant role played by the substrate. While evolution of the multi-physics maps upon sulphur annealing elucidates the role played by S-vacancy, substrate-induced effects are investigated by contrasting data from WS2 flake on Si and Au surfaces. Local charge depletion induced by the nature of the sample-substrate junction in case of WS2 on Au is seen to invert the electrical response with comprehensible effects on their spectroscopic properties. Finally, the role of these optoelectronic properties in preserving valley polarization, affecting valleytronic applications, in WS2 flakes is investigated via circular polarisation discriminated photoluminescence experiments. The study provides a thorough understanding of spatial heterogeneity in optoelectronic properties of WS2 and other two dimensional transition metal chalcogenides, which are critical for device fabrication and potential applications.
Cluster counts III. $Λ$CDM extensions and the cluster tension
Creators: name: Sakr, Ziad
name: Ilic, Stephane
name: Blanchard, Alain
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we examine whether further extensions to the $Λ$CDM model could alleviate the $σ_8$ tension. For that, we derive constraints on the parameters subject of the discrepancy, using CMB $C_{\ell}$ combined with cluster counts SZ sample with a free dark energy equation of state parameter while allowing the clusters mass calibration parameter $(1-b)$ to vary. The latter is degenerate with $σ_8$, which translates the discrepancy within $Λ$CDM framework into one between $(1-b) \sim0.6$, corresponding to constraints on $σ_8$ obtained from CMB, and $(1-b)\sim0.8$, the value adopted for the SZ sample calibration. We find that a constant $w$, when left free to vary along with large priors on the matter density ([0.1,1.0]) and Hubble parameters ([30,200]), can reduce the discrepancy to less than 2$σ$ for values far below its fiducial $w$ = -1. However, the latter were not allowed when we additionally combine with other probes like BAO feature angular diameter distance measured in galaxies clustering surveys. We found also, when we allow to vary, in addition to $w$, a modification of the growth rate through the growth index $γ$, that the tension is alleviated, with $(1-b)$ likelihood now centered around the Planck calibration value of $\sim$ 0.8. However, here again, combining with geometrical distance probes restores the discrepancy, with $(1-b)$ preferred value reverting back to the $Λ$CDM one of $\sim$ 0.6. The same situation is observed when introducing, along with $w$ and $γ$, further extensions to $Λ$CDM like massive neutrinos, although the latter allows to reduce the tension to 2$σ$, even when combining with BAO datasets. We conclude that none of these common extensions to $Λ$CDM is able to fix the discrepancy and a misdetermination of the calibration factor is the most preferred explanation... (Abridged)
description: Published in AA, section with further evidences added, previous conclusions remain the same
A Fourier approach to pizza inequity
Creators: name: Gluck, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 42A16(Primary), 91B32(Secondary)

description: Let n be an odd integer greater than 1. We slice a circular pizza into 2n slices, making cuts from a non-central interior point of the circle. We estimate the difference between between the total area of the even numbered slices and the total area of the odd numbered slices.
description: 7 pages
A Built-in Horizontal Symmetry of $SO(10)$
Creators: name: Lam, C. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a renormalizable $SO(10)$ theory, all fermion mass matrices are linear combinations of three fundamental types, $M^{10}, M^{\overline{126}}$, and $M^{120}$, whose superscripts indicate their $SO(10)$ transformation properties. We point out that each of these fundamental mass matrices possesses a natural symmetry that can be used to generate an unbroken horizontal symmetry $\G$, if the natural symmetry is taken to be the residual symmetry. This built-in symmetry is a Coxeter group. If it is finite, it must be one of five groups, $S_4,\ Z_2\x S_4$,\ $Z_2\x A_5$, plus two `rank-4' groups. These symmetries place constraints on the fundamental mass matrices and reduce the number of parameters in an SO(10) fit. Since they are built-in and can be derived theoretically, it is hoped that they impose better constraints than those without a theoretical basis, but that is to be confirmed because there is no attempt to fit the experimental data in this article, except to count the number of free parameters. To illustrate the similarities and differences of various kinds of constraints, a comparison is made with an existing $S_4$ model, and with models possessing the Fritzsch texture.
description: Version to be published in Phys.Rev.D. Slight change of wording from previous version
The lightcurve intrinsic variability in 47 Kepler contact binary stars
Creators: name: Debski, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This work studies the significance of the lightcurve intrinsic variability in the numerical modeling of contact binaries. Using synthetic light curves we are showing that the starspot-based intrinsic variability increases the apparent mass ratio by $Δq=5$%. For systems with orbital period $P>0.3 d$ the effect of intrinsic variability averaged over long time cancels each other out with the Kepler Mission-like phase smearing. Further, we analyse 47 totally eclipsing Kepler Mission contact binaries. We found a sharp cutoff of the intrinsic variability at P = 0.45 d. With the light curve numerical modeling and observational relations we derive physical parameters of the 47 systems. At least 53% of binaries have a possible third companion. 21 binaries show the O`Connell effect in the averaged phase curve. 19 of them have a primary maximum lower than the secondary, suggesting a stationary dark region on the trailing side. Using the P = 0.45 d cutoff we propose a new approach on the Period-Color relation. The only parameter correlating with the magnitude of the intrinsic variability is the apparent effective temperature ratio. We conclude that instead of describing the system parameters, the A/W-subtype division should be applicable only to the lightcurves, as a tentative phenomenon.
description: Accepted to the Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Comparison of the language networks from literature and blogs
Creators: name: Šišović, Sabina
name: Martinčić-Ipšić, Sanda
name: Meštrović, Ana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we present the comparison of the linguistic networks from literature and blog texts. The linguistic networks are constructed from texts as directed and weighted co-occurrence networks of words. Words are nodes and links are established between two nodes if they are directly co-occurring within the sentence. The comparison of the networks structure is performed at global level (network) in terms of: average node degree, average shortest path length, diameter, clustering coefficient, density and number of components. Furthermore, we perform analysis on the local level (node) by comparing the rank plots of in and out degree, strength and selectivity. The selectivity-based results point out that there are differences between the structure of the networks constructed from literature and blogs.
Online Subjective Wellbeing Scale
Creators: name: Dowthwaite, Liz
name: Perez Vallejos, Elvira
name: Patel, Menisha
name: Portillo, Virginia
name: Creswick, Helen
name: Zhao, Jun
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: subjective wellbeing, postive affect, negative affect, online wellbeing

description: This is a 14-item scale measuring 2 constructs: Positive affect (7 items) and Negative affect (7 items). This scale has been validated using the Rasch method (paper in submission)
Virginia and Maryland's Connection of Crisis: Anti-Popery and Indigenous Relations in the Seventeenth-Century Chesapeake
Creators: name: Medeiros, Michael
Publisher: name: University of Chicago
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Glorious Revolution
subject: Virginia
subject: Maryland
subject: Indigenous Peoples
subject: Native Americans
subject: Seventeenth Century

description: This thesis examines the religious tensions and anxieties of the seventeenth-century Chesapeake during the decades leading up to and after the Glorious Revolution. In looking at the Chesapeake as a region, I create a comparative between the English colonies of Virginia and Maryland to analyze why political violence in Maryland led to the Protestant Revolution of 1689 while Virginia’s government remained intact. I argue that the governmental structures of the two colonies and the different steps that the leaders of both governments took to try to prevent political violence in their colonies which resulted in a difference in outcomes.
Hard x-ray emission spectroscopy: a powerful tool for the characterization of magnetic semiconductors
Creators: name: Rovezzi, Mauro
name: Glatzel, Pieter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This review aims to introduce the x-ray emission spectroscopy (XES) and resonant inelastic x-ray scattering (RIXS) techniques to the materials scientist working with magnetic semiconductors (e.g. semiconductors doped with 3d transition metals) for applications in the field of spin-electronics. We focus our attention on the hard part of the x-ray spectrum (above 3 keV) in order to demonstrate a powerful element- and orbital-selective characterization tool in the study of bulk electronic structure. XES and RIXS are photon-in/photon-out second order optical processes described by the Kramers-Heisenberg formula. Nowadays, the availability of third generation synchrotron radiation sources permits applying such techniques also to dilute materials, opening the way for a detailed atomic characterization of impurity-driven materials. We present the Kβ XES as a tool to study the occupied valence states (directly, via valence-to-core transitions) and to probe the local spin angular momentum (indirectly, via intra-atomic exchange interaction). The spin sensitivity is employed, in turn, to study the spin-polarized unoccupied states. Finally, the combination of RIXS with magnetic circular dichroism (RIXS-MCD) extends the possibilities of standard magnetic characterization tools.
description: Topical review (17 pages, 13 figures, 188 references). This is an author-created, un-copyedited version of an article accepted for publication in Semiconductor Science and Technology. IOP Publishing Ltd is not responsible for any errors or omissions in this version of the manuscript or any version derived from it
Development of a face mask detection pipeline for mask-wearing monitoring in the era of the COVID-19 pandemic: A modular approach
Creators: name: Sommana, Benjaphan
name: Watchareeruetai, Ukrit
name: Ganguly, Ankush
name: Earp, Samuel W. F.
name: Kitiyakara, Taya
name: Boonmanunt, Suparee
name: Thammasudjarit, Ratchainant
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: During the SARS-Cov-2 pandemic, mask-wearing became an effective tool to prevent spreading and contracting the virus. The ability to monitor the mask-wearing rate in the population would be useful for determining public health strategies against the virus. However, artificial intelligence technologies for detecting face masks have not been deployed at a large scale in real-life to measure the mask-wearing rate in public. In this paper, we present a two-step face mask detection approach consisting of two separate modules: 1) face detection and alignment and 2) face mask classification. This approach allowed us to experiment with different combinations of face detection and face mask classification modules. More specifically, we experimented with PyramidKey and RetinaFace as face detectors while maintaining a lightweight backbone for the face mask classification module. Moreover, we also provide a relabeled annotation of the test set of the AIZOO dataset, where we rectified the incorrect labels for some face images. The evaluation results on the AIZOO and Moxa 3K datasets showed that the proposed face mask detection pipeline surpassed the state-of-the-art methods. The proposed pipeline also yielded a higher mAP on the relabeled test set of the AIZOO dataset than the original test set. Since we trained the proposed model using in-the-wild face images, we can successfully deploy our model to monitor the mask-wearing rate using public CCTV images.
description: Accepted at the 19th International Joint Conference on Computer Science and Software Engineering (JCSSE 2022)
Direct determination of entanglement monotones for arbitrary dimensional bipartite states using statistical correlators and one set of complementary measurements
Creators: name: Ghosh, Debadrita
name: Jennewein, Thomas
name: Sinha, Urbasi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Higher dimensional quantum systems (qudits) present a potentially more efficient means, compared to qubits, for implementing various information theoretic tasks. One of the ubiquitous resources in such explorations is entanglement. Entanglement Monotones (EMs) are of key importance, particularly for assessing the efficacy of a given entangled state as a resource for information theoretic tasks. Till date, investigations towards determination of EMs have focused on providing their tighter lower bounds. There is yet no general scheme available for direct determination of the EMs. Consequently, an empirical determination of any EM has not yet been achieved for entangled qudit states. The present paper fills this gap, both theoretically as well as experimentally. First, we derive analytical relations between statistical correlation measures i.e. Mutual Predictability (MP), Mutual Information (MI) and Pearson Correlation Coefficient (PCC) and standard EMs i.e. Negativity (N) and Entanglement of Formation (EOF) in arbitrary dimensions. As a proof of concept, we then experimentally measure MP, MI and PCC of two-qutrit pure states and determine their N and EOF using these derived relations. This is a useful addition to the experimenter's toolkit wherein by using a limited number of measurements (in this case 1 set of measurements), one can directly measure the EMs in a bipartite arbitrary dimensional system. We obtain the value of N for our bipartite qutrit to be 0.907 $\pm$ 0.013 and the EOF to be 1.323 $\pm$ 0.022. Since the present scheme enables determination of more than one entanglement monotone by the same limited number of measurements, we argue that it can serve as a unique experimental platform for quantitatively comparing and contrasting the operational implications of entanglement monotones as well as showing their non-monotonicity for a given bipartire pure qudit state.
description: 12+5 pages, 4 figures, 4 tables. This article supersedes arXiv:1909.01367. Theory for general state dimensions established, relating multiple statistical correlators and entanglement monotones
Dependence on supernovae light-curve processing in void models
Creators: name: Bengochea, Gabriel R.
name: De Rossi, Maria E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we show that when supernova Ia (SN Ia) data sets are used to put constraints on the free parameters of inhomogeneous models, certain extra information regarding the light-curve fitter used in the supernovae Ia luminosity fluxes processing should be taken into account. We found that the size of the void as well as other parameters of these models might be suffering extra degenerations or additional systematic errors due to the fitter. A recent proposal to relieve the tension between the results from Planck satellite and SNe Ia is re-analyzed in the framework of these subjects.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures. Corrected typos, comments added, replaced to match version to be published in Phys. Lett. B
A RESTful API for exchanging Materials Data in the AFLOWLIB.org consortium
Creators: name: Taylor, Richard H.
name: Rose, Frisco
name: Toher, Cormac
name: Levy, Ohad
name: Nardelli, Marco Buongiorno
name: Curtarolo, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The continued advancement of science depends on shared and reproducible data. In the field of computational materials science and rational materials design this entails the construction of large open databases of materials properties. To this end, an Application Program Interface (API) following REST principles is introduced for the AFLOWLIB.org materials data repositories consortium. AUIDs (Aflowlib Unique IDentifier) and AURLs (Aflowlib Uniform Resource locator) are assigned to the database resources according to a well-defined protocol described herein, which enables the client to access, through appropriate queries, the desired data for post-processing. This introduces a new level of openness into the AFLOWLIB repository, allowing the community to construct high-level work-flows and tools exploiting its rich data set of calculated structural, thermodynamic, and electronic properties. Furthermore, federating these tools would open the door to collaborative investigation of the data by an unprecedented extended community of users to accelerate the advancement of computational materials design and development.
description: 22 pages, 7 figures
Operator spreading in quantum hardcore gases
Creators: name: Medenjak, Marko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases (nlin.CG)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article we study a set of integrable quantum cellular automata,the quantum hardcore gases (QHCG), with an arbitrary local Hilbert space dimension, and discuss the matrix product ansatz based approach for solving the dynamics of local operators analytically. Subsequently, we focus on the dynamics of operator spreading, in particular on the out-of-time ordered correlation functions (OTOCs), operator weight spreading and operators space entanglement entropy (OSEE). All of the quantities were conjectured to provide signifying features of integrable systems and quantum chaos. We show that in QHCG OTOCs spread diffusively and that in the limit of the large local Hilbert space dimension they increase linearly with time, despite their integrability. On the other hand, it was recently conjectured that operator weight front, which is associated with the extent of operators, spreads diffusively in both, integrable and generic systems, but its decay seems to differ in these two cases. We observe that the spreading of the operator weight front in QHCG is markedly different from chaotic, generic integrable and free systems, as the front freezes in the long time limit. Finally, we discuss the OSEE in QHCG and show that it grows at most logarithmically with time in accordance with the conjectured behaviour for interacting integrable systems.
description: 25 pages, 8 figures