Psen scabrosus Deng, Ma & Li, 2025, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Deng, Yao
name: Ma, Li
name: Li, Qiang
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Crabronidae
Psen
Psen scabrosus

description: Psen scabrosus sp. nov.
Fig. 3 A – H
Type material.
Holotype. China • ♀; Guangdong Province, Ruyuan County Nanling National Nature Reserve; 24°56'15"N, 113°0'40"E; 26. VI – 28. IX. 2021; 1278 m elev.; collected by Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences. Paratype: China • 1 ♀; Guangdong Province, Fogan County, Guanyin Mountain; 23°58'13"N, 113°33'49"E; 15–16. IX. 2007; 184 m elev.; collected by Zaifu XU. All types deposited in YNAU.
Diagnosis.
The new species is similar to Psen leclercqi van Lith, 1974, but differs from it and other congeners by the following characteristics (characters of P. leclercqi in parentheses): 1) free margin of the clypeus has three teeth, middle tooth small, lateral teeth large (free margin of the clypeus has two arch-shaped teeth); 2) the frons has coarse, midsized to large punctures, which gradually increase in size from the lower frons to the mid-ocellus (the frons up to ocelli is densely striate-punctate, interstices shining, very narrow margin along the oculi with finer and sparser punctures); 3) the vertex behind the postocellus distinctly raised (not distinctly raised); 4) the mid ocellus postero-laterally has reticulate punctures with coarse interstices (with fine, sparse punctures, interstices shiny); 5) the hind tibia has a row of long, thick, brownish thorns on the outer surface only (with row of short thick thorns and thin, long, white spines); 6) the scutellum has dense, large punctures, the diameter of punctures is 2–3 × as the width of the interspaces, although medially the puncture diameter as wide as interspaces (the scutellum is somewhat striate-punctate, interstices larger than punctures); 7) antennae dark brown, yellowish brown apically, while segments III – VII reddish beneath (antennae black but underside of scape and of segments II, III, and XII are reddish brown); 8) the thorax is black (the pronotum dorsally and upper part of foreside, pronotal tubercles, anterior corners of scutum, and upper 2 / 3 of anterior plate of the mesepisternum are reddish brown).
Description.
Female. Body length 13.0– 13.6 mm. Black (Fig. 3 A, B); mandible apically reddish brown; palpi and antennae apically yellowish brown, antennae dark brown but joints III – VII reddish beneath (Fig. 3 C, D). Fore and mid tibiae and tarsi reddish brown with subsequent parts yellowish brown and inner parts black; tarsi, tegulae, veins of wings, and stigma dark brown; margin of gastral terga yellowish brown (Fig. 3 A, B). Appressed setae on clypeus golden, frons with less appressed golden pubescence and long erect setae. Long setae on vertex, occiput, collar, posterior margin of pronotum, scutum, scutellum, and metanotum golden (Fig. 3 C – E). Mid-length setae on mesopleuron, legs, and propodeum palely yellow, prospectus and ventral side of petiole silvery; gaster with very dense, short, golden pubescence (Fig. 3 B).
Head. In frontal view, clypeus with shiny margin, impunctate, free margin sinuate, with three teeth medially, middle tooth small, lateral teeth large; basal 1 / 2 of clypeal disk moderately convex (Fig. 3 C). HW: HLF: AOD: WAS: IAD = 128: 100: 9: 12: 15. Mandible bidentate apically, broad, blunt; width basally: medially: apically = 26: 15: 5. Carina ending below antennae in low triangular tooth, connected with inner side of antennal sclerites by slender carinae, interantennal tooth distinctly high, apex straight or obtuse; frontal carina distinct and reaching interantennal tooth around median ocellus (Fig. 3 C). Scape of antennae slightly bent, relative lengths of joints III – XII = 29, 21, 18, 18, 16, 16, 15, 15, 16, 23; joint III ~ 2.9 × as long as wide apically, joint IV with 1.9 ×, joint 12 with 2.1 ×. Frons with coarse, midsized to large punctures, diameter of puncture 2–3 × as wide as interspaces; lower 2 / 3 of frons slightly shiny, punctures gradually increase in size from lower frons to mid ocellus (Fig. 3 C). In dorsal view, mid ocellus postero-laterally with reticulate punctures, interstices coarse; ocellar area with dense, shallow, large punctures, diameter of puncture approximately as wide as interspaces or slightly more (Fig. 3 D). Vertex behind ocellus with deep, large punctures, posteriorly coarser and somewhat striate-punctate, diameter of puncture 2–3 × as wide as interspaces, interspaces of vertex slightly larger than frons, barely shiny (Fig. 3 D). Ocellus area not raised, behind postocellus with deep sulcus, vertex behind postocellus region distinctly raised (Fig. 3 B, D). Occiput with sparse, fine punctures, occipital carina without longitudinal ridge (Fig. 3 B, D). HW: HLD: POD: OOD: OCD = 128: 48: 18: 17: 36.
Thorax. Scutum densely and coarsely rugose-punctate, diameter of punctures 2 × as wide as interspaces, punctures on both sides arranged in longitudinal trend, interspaces slightly shiny medially; anterior 1 / 2 of admedian lines slightly expended, posteriorly parallel, parapsidal lines and notauluses nearly parallel (Fig. 3 D). Scutellum with dense, large punctures, diameter of puncture 2–3 × as wide as interspaces, but diameter of punctures medially as wide as interspaces. Metanotum with dense, oblique carinae, striate-punctate (Fig. 3 E). Propleuron with dense, short striae, epicnemial areas densely and finely punctate, omaulus ending as it becomes ventral and below normally curved backwards (Fig. 3 F). Mesopleura with dense, midsized to large punctures, interspaces smooth and as wide as diameter of puncture, puncture becoming smaller from top down, upper part of posterior margin of mesopleura with long striae more striking, lower part with fine punctures; subalar area with dense, large punctures, diameter of puncture 2.5 × as wide as interspaces, hypo-epimeral area densely, largely striate-punctate (Fig. 3 F). Metapleura shiny, with some upper transverse rugae on posterior 1 / 2 (Fig. 3 F). Mesosternum without acetabular carina, with strong, longitudinal medioventral carina; medially with three or four strong transverse carinae. Propodeal enclosure forming a broad triangular shape, enclosed area depressed, shiny, laterally with some longitudinal carinae, medially with irregular carinae; propodeal pad with dense, slender, oblique longitudinal rugae; posterior surface of propodeum with irregular reticulate ridges reaching enclosed area (Fig. 3 G). In profile, dorsal surface of propodeum together with posterior surface nearly arc-shaped, lateral surface of propodeum with oblique, short rugae and fine punctures (Fig. 3 F). Second submarginal cell receiving first recurrent vein at approximately medially; second recurrent vein ending in second submarginal cell (Fig. 3 A). Femora heavy, hind tibia with a row of long, thick, brownish thorns on outer surface (Fig. 3 B).
Gaster. PL: PW: LT I: WT I: HFL: HTL = 80: 17: 77: 87: 82: 70. Petiole nearly quadrate in cross section, slightly bent upwards basally, widened backwards, width apically 1.8 × basally, dorsally completely smooth (Fig. 3 B, E). Lateral side with two slender longitudinal carinae, deeply depressed medially (Fig. 3 B); ventrally with an indistinct, blunt, median longitudinal keel, two sides with dense, fine punctures. Gastral terga I and II with sparse, microscopic punctures, interspaces 2 × as wide as diameter of puncture; terga III and IV with dense, fine punctures medially and posteriorly, interspaces as wide as diameter of puncture, but basally 1 / 3 of tergum III and basally 1 / 4 of tergum IV smooth, impunctate. Pygidial area elongate-triangular, polished, 1.7 × as long as wide basally, laterally with one or two rows of coarse punctures and stiff bristles, apex truncate, slightly concave medially (Fig. 3 H). Sterna wholly with sparse, fine punctures except sternum II with dense, fine to midsized punctures.
Male. Unknown.
Distribution.
China (Guangdong).
Etymology.
The specific name from Latin word: scabrosus (= scabrous), referring to the head and thorax with large, scabrous punctures.
description: Published as part of Deng, Yao, Ma, Li & Li, Qiang, 2025, Two new species of Psen Latreille, 1796 (Hymenoptera, Apoidea, Crabronidae) from China, with a key to Psen species of China, pp. 87-108 in ZooKeys 1224 on pages 87-108, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1224.133244