cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Asymmetry in the Complexity of the Multi-Commodity Network Pricing Problem
Creators: name: Bui, Quang Minh
name: Carvalho, Margarida
name: Neto, José
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: G.1.6; G.2.2
subject: 90C46, 90C25, 90C35

description: The network pricing problem (NPP) is a bilevel problem, where the leader optimizes its revenue by deciding on the prices of certain arcs in a graph, while expecting the followers (also known as the commodities) to choose a shortest path based on those prices. In this paper, we investigate the complexity of the NPP with respect to two parameters: the number of tolled arcs, and the number of commodities. We devise a simple algorithm showing that if the number of tolled arcs is fixed, then the problem can be solved in polynomial time with respect to the number of commodities. In contrast, even if there is only one commodity, once the number of tolled arcs is not fixed, the problem becomes NP-hard. We characterize this asymmetry in the complexity with a novel property named strong bilevel feasibility. Finally, we describe an algorithm to generate valid inequalities to the NPP based on this property, accommodated with numerical results to demonstrate its effectiveness in solving the NPP with a high number of commodities.
description: 37 pages, 12 figures. Mathematical Programming (2024)
Site Form, Site 28BU967
Creators: name: Joint Base McGuire-Dix-Lakehurst Air Force Base
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 28-BU-967
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/131826/28-bu-967
subject: Creamware
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/other-keyword/9629/creamware
subject: Debitage
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/other-keyword/462/debitage
subject: Mid-Nineteenth
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/other-keyword/169744/mid-nineteenth
subject: Pottery
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/other-keyword/495/pottery
subject: Pearlware
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/other-keyword/9632/pearlware
subject: Sand Temper
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/other-keyword/169774/sand-temper
subject: Redware
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/other-keyword/135281/redware
subject: New Hanover
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/other-keyword/169767/new-hanover
subject: Whiteware
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/other-keyword/10215/whiteware
subject: Shell Temper
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/other-keyword/40249/shell-temper
subject: Late Eighteenth Century
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/other-keyword/169739/late-eighteenth-century
subject: Woodland
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/other-keyword/136762/woodland

description: Initial New Jersey Site Registration Form.
On Escaping a Galaxy Cluster in an Accelerating Universe
Creators: name: Stark, Alejo
name: Miller, Christopher J.
name: Gifford, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive the escape velocity profile for an Einasto density field in an accelerating universe and demonstrate its physical viability by comparing theoretical expectations to both light-cone data generated from N-body simulations and archival data on 20 galaxy clusters. We demonstrate that the projection function ($g(β)$) is deemed physically viable only for the theoretical expectation that includes a cosmology-dependent term. Using simulations, we show that the inferred velocity anisotropy is more than 6σ away from the expected value for the theoretical profile that ignores the acceleration of the universe. In the archival data, we constrain the average velocity anisotropy parameter of a sample of 20 clusters to be $β={0.248}_{-0.360}^{+0.164}$ at the 68% confidence level. Lastly, we briefly discuss how our analytic model may be used as a novel cosmological probe based on galaxy clusters.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures, accepted to ApJ
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 195.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 04.08.2005, 07:30, erstellt von Sergio Cortesi
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 2005

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 3.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
Rights‐Based Boundaries Of The United Nations’ Sanctions
Creators: name: Rowhani, Mohsen
Publisher: name: University of Bologna Law Review
Year: 2023

description: The article examines sanctions imposed by the United Nations (U.N.), the most critical sender of multilateral sanctions, by categorising them as embargoes against states and their main sectors, as well as targeted sanctions against individuals and micro entities. The U.N. Charter serves as the foundation for determining the boundaries of U.N. embargoes. Accordingly, the Security Council is bound by the U.N. Charter’s Preamble and Articles as the only international treaty that can control its actions. Furthermore, based on the Charter’s proportionality principle, the Security Council must balance subjective wrongdoings and the consequences of sanctions. The article then evaluates flaws in the designation, implementation, judicial reviews, and targets substantive and procedural human rights in order to determine how U.N. targeted sanctions should be formed to become rights-based. The central issue of due process is addressed by examining certain recorded rights-based challenges in the process of domestic implementation of sanctions that are reviewed by international courts in order to demonstrate that the Security Council’s targeted sanctions require reconsideration as well as their own independent judicial review.
description: University of Bologna Law Review, Vol. 8 No. 1 (2023)
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 91.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 12.04.2005, 08:30, erstellt von Sergio Cortesi
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 2005

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 3.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
Constrained DFT+$U$ approach for understanding the magnetic behaviour of ACr$_{2}$O$_{4}$ (A=Zn, Mg, Cd and Hg) compounds
Creators: name: Lal, Sohan
name: Pandey, Sudhir K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we try to understand the inconsistency reported by [Yaresko, Phys. Rev. B. {\bf 77}, 115106 (2008)] in the theoretically estimated nature and the variation of magnitude of nearest neighbour exchange coupling constant ($\arrowvert${\it J$_{1}$}$\arrowvert$) with increasing $U$ in ACr$_{2}$O$_{4}$ (A=Zn, Cd, Mg and Hg) compounds by using density functional theory. In unconstrained calculations, the nature and variation of $\arrowvert${\it J$_{1}$}$\arrowvert$ as a function of $U$ in the present study are not consistent with the experimental data and not according to the relation, {\it J$_{1}$}$\propto$$\frac{t^{2}}{U}$ especially for CdCr$_{2}$O$_{4}$ and HgCr$_{2}$O$_{4}$ for $U >$3 eV and U=2-6 eV, respectively. Such an inconsistent behavior of $\arrowvert${\it J$_{1}$}$\arrowvert$ is almost similar to that of Yaresko for these two compounds for $U$=2-4 eV. For ZnCr$_{2}$O$_{4}$ and MgCr$_{2}$O$_{4}$, the nature and the variation of $\arrowvert${\it J$_{1}$}$\arrowvert$ in the present work are in accordance with the experimental data and above mentioned relation for $U$=2-6 eV and are similar to that of Yaresko for ZnCr$_{2}$O$_{4}$ for $U$=2-4 eV. However, in constrained calculations the nature and variation of $\arrowvert${\it J$_{1}$}$_{c}$$\arrowvert$ in the present work are according to experimental data and above above mentioned relation for all four compounds. Hence, the present study shows the importance of constrained calculations in understanding the magnetic behaviour of these spinels. The values of magnitude of Curie-Weiss temperature [$\arrowvert$($\varTheta$$_{CW}$)$_{c}$$\arrowvert$] for ZnCr$_{2}$O$_{4}$$>$MgCr$_{2}$O$_{4}$$>$CdCr$_{2}$O$_{4}$$>$HgCr$_{2}$O$_{4}$ for $U$=2-5 eV, which are according to the order of experimentally observed values for these spinels.
description: 16 pages, 3 figures, 2 tables
New Generation Free Trade Agreements at a Crossroads. Assessing Environmental Enforcement of the E.U.’s Trade and Sustainable Development Chapters from Global Europe to the Power of Trade Partnerships Communication
Creators: name: Remondino, Virginia
Publisher: name: University of Bologna Law Review
Year: 2023

description: Since the dawn of the era inaugurated by the 2006 Global Europe communication, the European Union (E.U.) has emerged as a key international actor in the negotiation and conclusion of ambitious New Generation Free Trade Agreements (N.G.F.T.A.s), striking to counterbalance commercial liberalization also with the enhancement of environmental safeguard. Interestingly, the latter represents for the Union not merely a policy goal, but a core normative target embedded in the founding treaties. A rationale which has thus been transposed to N.G.F.T.A.s by means of ad hoc Trade and Sustainable Development (T.S.D.) Chapters - including given green clauses dedicated to a vast array of eco-related domains. Nonetheless, ambiguities continue to subsist with regard to the enforcement phase of the present Chapters, having been at the center of an intense debate. Against the illustrated backdrop, this article is to focus on the major deficiencies characterizing green clauses’ enforceability both from an upstream and a downstream perspective. First, the identified pillar environmental provisions will be assessed in their semantic formulation. Secondly, attention will be paid to the specialis, non-confrontational, approach to dispute settlement provided for by T.S.D. Chapters, disregarding reliance on countermeasures in the case of non-compliance. In order to introduce innovative inputs to the research, relevance is to be conferred to the E.U. political guidelines for T.S.D. Chapters announced by the June 2022 Power of Trade Partnerships communication. Whereas it will be ultimately demonstrated that the latter document has managed to open the door to a novel season for N.G.F.T.A.s’ environmental enforcement. It is believed that further room for normative clarification seems to be appropriate.
description: University of Bologna Law Review, Vol. 8 No. 1 (2023)
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 307.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 17.12.2005, 09:00, erstellt von Sergio Cortesi
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 2005

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 2.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
The Root Causes of Human Trafficking: A Critical Analysis of the Contemporary Approaches to Human Trafficking
Creators: name: Sibanda, Lewis Njabulo
Publisher: name: University of Bologna Law Review
Year: 2023

description: Contemporary anti-trafficking approaches reflect a reluctance to address the root causes (structural issues) of the human trafficking problem. The article critically analyses the three dominant approaches to combating human trafficking-criminalisation approach, the human-rights based approach and the celebrity humanitarianism approach-and unpacks the political choices inherent in each one of them. It is argued that common to all three approaches is the depoliticisation of the human trafficking problem through conceptualising it as an instance of individual criminals that act outside the boundaries of a liberal society, which is characterised by individual freedom and equality. By so doing, these approaches depoliticise the issue of human trafficking by not viewing the problem as one that emanates from the global political economy. They overlook and perpetuate the inequality and oppression that is inherent in capitalism. Against this background, the article unpacks the various ways that the law, particularly through criminalisation and the international human rights framework, works to insulate and reinforce the systemic injustices at the centre of the trafficking problem. Effectively the current anti-trafficking approaches only serve to produce and excuse violations rather than remedy them. It is argued that to be effective anti-trafficking approaches must focus on the initiating phenomena (the structural issues) that make people vulnerable to trafficking related exploitation.
description: University of Bologna Law Review, Vol. 8 No. 1 (2023)
Poverty Index With Time Varying Consumption and Income Distributions
Creators: name: Chattopadhyay, Amit K
name: Kumar, T Krishna
name: Mallick, Sushanta K
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Finance (q-fin.GN)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a recent work (Chattopadhyay, A. K. et al, Europhys. Lett. {\bf 91}, 58003, 2010) based on food consumption statistics, we showed how a stochastic agent based model could represent the time variation of the income distribution statistics in a developing economy, thereby defining an alternative \enquote{poverty index} (PI) that largely agreed with poverty gap index data. This PI used two variables, the probability density function of the income statistics and a consumption deprivation (CD) function, representing the shortfall in the minimum consumption needed for survival. Since the time dependence of the CD function was introduced there through data extrapolation only and not through an endogenous time dependent series, this model left unexplained how the minimum consumption needed for survival varies with time. The present article overcomes these limitations and arrives at a new unified theoretical structure through time varying consumption and income distributions where trade is only allowed when the income exceeds consumption deprivation (CD). Our results reveal that such CD-dynamics reduces the threshold level of consumption of basic necessities, suggesting a possible dietary transition in terms of lower saturation level of food-grain consumption. The new poverty index conforms to recently observed trends more closely than conventional measures of poverty and allows probabilistic prediction of PI for future times.
description: 10 (2 columned) pages, 8 figures
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 173.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 12.07.2005, 07:30, erstellt von Sergio Cortesi
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 2005

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 3.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
Analytic treatment of the system of a Kerr-Newman black hole and a charged massive scalar field
Creators: name: Hod, Shahar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Charged rotating Kerr-Newman black holes are known to be superradiantly unstable to perturbations of charged massive bosonic fields whose proper frequencies lie in the bounded regime $0 < ω< \text{min} \{ω_{\text{c}} \equiv m Ω_{\text{H}} + qΦ_{\text{H}},μ\}$ [here $\{Ω_{\text{H}}, Φ_{\text{H}}\}$ are respectively the angular velocity and electric potential of the Kerr-Newman black hole, and $\{m,q,μ\}$ are respectively the azimuthal harmonic index, the charge coupling constant, and the proper mass of the field]. In this paper we study analytically the complex resonance spectrum which characterizes the dynamics of linearized charged massive scalar fields in a near-extremal Kerr-Newman black-hole spacetime. Interestingly, it is shown that near the critical frequency $ω_{\text{c}}$ for superradiant amplification and in the eikonal large-mass regime, the superradiant instability growth rates of the explosive scalar fields are characterized by a non-trivial (non-monotonic) dependence on the dimensionless charge-to-mass ratio $q/μ$. In particular, for given parameters $\{M,Q, J\}$ of the central Kerr-Newman black hole, we determine analytically the optimal charge-to-mass ratio $q/μ$ of the explosive scalar field which {\it maximizes} the growth rate of the superradiant instabilities in the composed Kerr-Newman-black-hole-charged-massive-scalar-field system.
description: 11 pages
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 85.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 04.04.2005, 07:30, erstellt von Sergio Cortesi
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 2005

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 4.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 87.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 06.04.2005, 07:30, erstellt von Sergio Cortesi
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 2005

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 4.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 24.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 26.01.2005, 08:30, erstellt von Sergio Cortesi
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 2005

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 2.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
X-ray and Ultraviolet Properties of AGN in Nearby Dwarf Galaxies
Creators: name: Baldassare, Vivienne F.
name: Reines, Amy E.
name: Gallo, Elena
name: Greene, Jenny E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present new Chandra X-ray Observatory and Hubble Space Telescope observations of eight optically selected broad-line AGN candidates in nearby dwarf galaxies ($z<0.055$). Including archival Chandra observations of three additional sources, our sample contains all ten galaxies from Reines et al. (2013) with both broad H$α$ emission and narrow-line AGN ratios (6 AGNs, 4 Composites), as well as one low-metallicity dwarf galaxy with broad H$α$ and narrow-line ratios characteristic of star formation. All eleven galaxies are detected in X-rays. Nuclear X-ray luminosities range from $L_{0.5-7 \rm{keV}}\approx5\times10^{39}$ to $1\times10^{42}$ $\rm{erg}\rm{s^{-1}}$. In all cases except for the star forming galaxy, the nuclear X-ray luminosities are significantly higher than would be expected from X-ray binaries, providing strong confirmation that AGN and composite dwarf galaxies do indeed host actively accreting BHs. Using our estimated BH masses (which range from $\sim7\times10^{4}-1\times10^{6}~M_{\odot}$), we find inferred Eddington fractions ranging from $\sim0.1-50\%$, i.e. comparable to massive broad-line quasars at higher redshift. We use the HST imaging to determine the ratio of ultraviolet to X-ray emission for these AGN, finding that they appear to be less X-ray luminous with respect to their UV emission than more massive quasars (i.e. $α_{\rm OX}$ values an average of 0.36 lower than expected based on the relation between $α_{\rm OX}$ and $2500{\rm Å}$ luminosity). Finally, we discuss our results in the context of different accretion models onto nuclear BHs.
description: 15 pages, 15 figures, 4 tables. Submitted to ApJ
Judicial Trajectories in the Recognition of Environmental Migrants
Creators: name: Dal Ben, Giulia
Publisher: name: University of Bologna Law Review
Year: 2023

description: This article aims to trace the recent judicial trajectories in the promotion and recognition of environmental migration. It will first show the general background in which the phenomenon is placed, thus underlying its main characteristics and problems. Subsequently, it will offer an overview of some noteworthy examples of the so-called “climate change litigation”. Indeed, notwithstanding the lack of binding instruments and the inapplicability or inadequacy of the existing legal instruments for the protection of environmental migrants, noteworthy examples of increasing awareness about the relationship between environmental degradation and human rights can be found in several cases decided by international human rights judicial or quasi-judicial bodies. In particular, two recent decisions of the United Nations Human Rights Committee (U.N.H.R.C.) will be assessed. The article will also assess the increasing sensibility of the European Court of Human Rights (E.Ct.H.R.) in deciding environmental cases through a human-rights-based approach. By moving from the supranational context to the national one, the paper will focus on two recent decisions adopted by the French Bordeaux Administrative Court and the Italian Court of Cassation. Indeed, they both represent relevant examples of the role played by national courts in broadening the interpretation and application of the existing instruments of protection for environmental migrants. The analysis of the mentioned decisions will then be framed in the wider context of the legal order of the European Union (E.U.), highlighting how E.U. instruments of secondary law at disposal do not appear adequate for guaranteeing a sort of protection for environmental migrants.
description: University of Bologna Law Review, Vol. 8 No. 1 (2023)
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 182.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 21.07.2005, 07:30, erstellt von Sergio Cortesi
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 2005

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 3.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 58.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 05.03.2005, 08:30, erstellt von Sergio Cortesi
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 2005

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 2.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
The Assessment of Defamiliarization in Forough Farrokhzad’s Poetry
Creators: name: Esmaeili, Zahra
name: Ebrahimi, Shima
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 470401
subject: Applied linguistics and educational linguistics

description: Defamiliarization is a literary device which has been coined by Shkolvsky and its aim is to move readers to see familiar things in an unfamiliar way. Shkolvsky argues that defamiliarization creates a ‘vision’ of the object instead of serving as a means for knowing it, and it is exactly what Forough Farrokhzad (1935-1967), the Iranian modern poet, applies in her poems and what the authors of this study intend to demonstrate. Farrokhzad defamiliarizes her poetry by making familiar things seem new, by unearthing oppressive elements of familiar situations and relationships, and by subverting traditional approaches with familiar and domestic things. The current study proposes and investigates three categories of defamiliarization which are stylistic, syntactic and semantic. Some examples are also given to shed light on these classifications. The current study aims to demonstrate the ways that Forough Farrokhzad has applied to take advantage of three aforementioned methods of defamiliarization.
Reconstructing the exit wave in high-resolution transmission electron microscopy using machine learning
Creators: name: Larsen, Matthew Helmi Leth
name: Dahl, Frederik
name: Hansen, Lars P.
name: Barton, Bastian
name: Kisielowski, Christian
name: Helveg, Stig
name: Winther, Ole
name: Hansen, Thomas W.
name: Schiøtz, Jakob
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Reconstruction of the exit wave function is an important route to interpreting high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) images. Here we demonstrate that convolutional neural networks can be used to reconstruct the exit wave from a short focal series of HRTEM images, with a fidelity comparable to conventional exit wave reconstruction. We use a fully convolutional neural network based on the U-Net architecture, and demonstrate that we can train it on simulated exit waves and simulated HRTEM images of graphene-supported molybdenum disulphide (an industrial desulfurization catalyst). We then apply the trained network to analyse experimentally obtained images from similar samples, and obtain exit waves that clearly show the atomically resolved structure of both the MoS$_2$ nanoparticles and the graphene support. We also show that it is possible to successfully train the neural networks to reconstruct exit waves for 3400 different two-dimensional materials taken from the Computational 2D Materials Database of known and proposed two-dimensional materials.
description: 16 pages, 24 figures
In silico modeling of the rheological properties of covalently crosslinked collagen triple helices
Creators: name: Head, David A.
name: Tronci, Giuseppe
name: Russell, Stephen J.
name: Wood, David J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Biomimetic hydrogels based on natural polymers are a promising class of biomaterial, mimicking the natural extra-cellular matrix of biological tissues and providing cues for cell attachment, proliferation and differentiation. With a view to providing an upstream method to guide subsequent experimental design, the aim of this study was to introduce a mathematical model that described the rheological properties of a hydrogel system based on covalently crosslinked collagen triple helices. In light of their organization, such gels exhibit limited collagen bundling that cannot be described by existing fibril network models. The model presented here treats collagen triple helices as discrete semi-flexible polymers, permits full access to metrics for network microstructure, and should provide a comprehensive understanding of the parameter space associated with the development of such multi-functional materials. Triple helical hydrogel networks were experimentally obtained via reaction of type I collagen with both aromatic and aliphatic diacids. The complex modulus G* was found from rheological testing in linear shear and quantitatively compared to model predictions. In silico data from the computational model successfully described the experimental trends in hydrogel storage modulus with either (i) the concentration of collagen triple helices during crosslinking reaction or (ii) the type of crosslinking segment introduced in resulting hydrogel networks. This approach may pave the way to a step change in the rational design of biomimetic triple helical collagen systems with controlled multi-functionality.
description: 9 figures, 1 scheme, 1 table, ACS Biomaterials Science and Engineering 2016
Driving Style Recognition at First Impression for Online Trajectory Prediction
Creators: name: Xu, Tu
name: Wu, Kan
name: Zhu, Yongdong
name: Ji, Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This paper proposes a new driving style recognition approach that allows autonomous vehicles (AVs) to perform trajectory predictions for surrounding vehicles with minimal data. Toward that end, we use a hybrid of offline and online methods in the proposed approach. We first learn typical driving styles with PCA and K-means algorithms in the offline part. After that, local Maximum-Likelihood techniques are used to perform online driving style recognition. We benchmarked our method on a real driving dataset against other methods in terms of the RMSE value of the predicted trajectory and the observed trajectory over a 5s duration. The proposed approach can reduce trajectory prediction error by up to 37.7\% compared to using the parameters from other literature and up to 24.4\% compared to not performing driving style recognition.
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 57.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 04.03.2005, 08:30, erstellt von Sergio Cortesi
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 2005

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 3.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
Let the Digital Euro Circulate: Introducing a Retail C.B.D.C. in the Eurozone With Unlimited Holdings by Users
Creators: name: Warren, Mark
Publisher: name: University of Bologna Law Review
Year: 2023

description: The European Central Bank (E.C.B.) anticipates including a holding limit of about e3,000 per user within the design of its potential retail central bank digital currency for the Eurozone, the digital euro. This is principally motivated by concerns regarding compliance with regulations related to anti-money laundering and countering the financing of terrorism and the disintermediation of banks as credit intermediaries. This paper argues that these concerns are unwarranted, and, in any case, the holding limit would not be an effective solution to these concerns. The digital euro could be introduced with unlimited holdings by individual users in conformity with E.U. law and while maintaining banks as credit intermediaries in the Eurozone financial system.
description: University of Bologna Law Review, Vol. 8 No. 1 (2023)
An Overview on the Scope of the Digital Markets Act: Fair Practices Versus Ex‐Ante Competition Law
Creators: name: Lodoabă, Gheorghe-Sorin
Publisher: name: University of Bologna Law Review
Year: 2023

description: The proposed Digital Markets Act has been under severe scrutiny in the past couple of years. While it received mostly positive feedback, there were numerous authors and scholars arguing that the new legislation does not provide anything useful or new. The common denominator of most of the analyses is that the Digital Markets Act is an ex-ante antitrust legislation and that the obligations tackle the (abusive) dominance of the gatekeepers to be designated. In this article, I try to deconstruct the requirements for determining whether an undertaking is a gatekeeper and to assess whether the proposal fits into a regulatory compliance type of legislation or ex-ante competition law. In addition to the analytical approach, I will take the example of the Intel and Microsoft cases and the intricacies that arose from them. I will further assess possible implications that the proposal might have for innovation and other aspects of the market.
description: University of Bologna Law Review, Vol. 8 No. 1 (2023)
Training telescope operators and support astronomers at Paranal
Creators: name: Boffin, Henri M. J.
name: Gadotti, Dimitri A.
name: Anderson, Joe
name: Pino, Andres
name: de Wit, Willem-Jan
name: Girard, Julien H. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The operations model of the Paranal Observatory relies on the work of efficient staff to carry out all the daytime and nighttime tasks. This is highly dependent on adequate training. The Paranal Science Operations department (PSO) has a training group that devises a well-defined and continuously evolving training plan for new staff, in addition to broadening and reinforcing courses for the whole department. This paper presents the training activities for and by PSO, including recent astronomical and quality control training for operators, as well as adaptive optics and interferometry training of all staff. We also present some future plans.
description: Paper 9910-123 presented at SPIE 2016
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 95.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 17.04.2005, 13:15, erstellt von Andrea Manna
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 2005

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 3.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 40.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 12.02.2005, 08:45, erstellt von Sergio Cortesi
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 2005

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 4.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
Contrived in Contradiction: Theoretical Considerations on Race and the Free Market
Creators: name: Toppin, Eloy
Publisher: name: University of Chicago
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Racial Capitalism
subject: Neoliberalism
subject: Structural Racism
subject: Imperialism
subject: Racialization
subject: Race and Housing

description: Abstract: This paper seeks to elaborate on the interconnection between structural racism and the free market system – both in how it is theorized and how it functions in reality. The argument advanced is that the market system is constituted by a contradiction that operationalizes it and generates surplus value through the absorption of racial stratification by economic value. This contradiction consists of racial subordination alongside the perception of an equal and neutral market. While the contradiction of subordination and equality extends broadly throughout Western thought and institutions, it takes on a special function within the institution of the market system, actualizing the realization of profit. After an examination of this process, the paper turns to a study of Friedrich Hayek’s theorization on markets to demonstrate that the racial structure of the market can be gleaned directly from his work.
The Assessment of Defamiliarization in Forough Farrokhzad’s Poetry
Creators: name: Ebrahimi, Shima
name: Esmaeili, Zahra
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 520405
subject: Psycholinguistics (incl. speech production and comprehension)
classificationCode: 470411
subject: Sociolinguistics
classificationCode: 470401
subject: Applied linguistics and educational linguistics
classificationCode: 520102
subject: Educational psychology

description: Defamiliarization is a literary device which has been coined by Shkolvsky and its aim is to move readers to see familiar things in an unfamiliar way. Shkolvsky argues that defamiliarization creates a ‘vision’ of the object instead of serving as a means for knowing it, and it is exactly what Forough Farrokhzad (1935-1967), the Iranian modern poet, applies in her poems and what the authors of this study intend to demonstrate. Farrokhzad defamiliarizes her poetry by making familiar things seem new, by unearthing oppressive elements of familiar situations and relationships, and by subverting traditional approaches with familiar and domestic things. The current study proposes and investigates three categories of defamiliarization which are stylistic, syntactic and semantic. Some examples are also given to shed light on these classifications. The current study aims to demonstrate the ways that Forough Farrokhzad has applied to take advantage of three aforementioned methods of defamiliarization.
Multi-objective Software Architecture Refactoring driven by Quality Attributes
Creators: name: Di Pompeo, Daniele
name: Tucci, Michele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Architecture optimization is the process of automatically generating design options, typically to enhance software's quantifiable quality attributes, such as performance and reliability. Multi-objective optimization approaches have been used in this situation to assist the designer in selecting appropriate trade-offs between a number of non-functional features. Through automated refactoring, design alternatives can be produced in this process, and assessed using non-functional models.
 This type of optimization tasks are hard and time- and resource-intensive, which frequently hampers their use in software engineering procedures.
 In this paper, we present our optimization framework where we examined the performance of various genetic algorithms. We also exercised our framework with two case studies with various levels of size, complexity, and domain served as our test subjects.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure, 20th -- IEEE International Conference on Software Architecture - poster track
Improved jet substructure methods: Y-splitter and variants with grooming
Creators: name: Dasgupta, Mrinal
name: Powling, Alexander
name: Schunk, Lais
name: Soyez, Gregory
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has recently been demonstrated with Monte Carlo studies that combining the well-known Y-splitter and trimming techniques gives rise to important gains in the signal significance achievable for boosted electroweak boson tagging at high $p_t$. Here we carry out analytical calculations that explain these findings from first principles of QCD both for grooming via trimming and via the modified mass-drop tagger (mMDT). We also suggest modifications to Y-splitter itself, which result in great simplifications to the analytical results both for pure Y-splitter as well as its combination with general grooming methods. The modifications also lead to further performance gains, while making the results largely independent of choice of groomer. We discuss the implications of these findings in the broader context of optimal methods for boosted object studies at hadron colliders.
description: 44 pages, 13 figures
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 93.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 14.04.2005, 12:30, erstellt von Sergio Cortesi
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 2005

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 3.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
W 2.1.3 Bedarfserhebung mit Literaturrecherche und explorativen Interviews zur Konzeption und Durchführung modularer FDM-Zertifikatskurse für FDM-Verantwortliche, Forschende und Studierende
Creators: name: Haase, Claudia
name: Mertzen, Daniela
name: Schreiber, Stefanie
name: Schneemann, Carsten
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Forschungsdatenmanagement
FDM
Zertifikatskurs
Bedarfserhebung
Literaturrecherche
Gruppeninterview

description: Um ein institutionalisiertes und nachhaltiges Forschungsdatenmanagement (FDM) in Brandenburg zu erreichen, ist es unabdingbar, strukturierte Schulungsangebote für Forschende und Studierende sowie Schulungs- und Weiterbildungsangebote für FDM-Verantwortliche an jeder Hochschule aufzubauen. Deshalb werden im Rahmen des Verbundprojekts „Institutionalisiertes und nachhaltiges Forschungsdatenmanagement in Brandenburg“ (IN-FDM-BB) modulare FDM-Zertifikatskurse für FDM-Verantwortliche, Forschende und Studierende aller acht am Projekt beteiligten staatlichen, forschenden Hochschulen konzipiert, die sowohl den Hochschulangehörigen sowie den Angehörigen der außeruniversitären Forschungseinrichtungen Brandenburgs offenstehen. Ein Zertifikatskurs „Forschungsdatenmanagement für Studierende“ wurde innerhalb des Projekts bereits konzipiert und durchgeführt. Um ein passgenaues Schulungsangebot für alle drei Zielgruppen entwickeln zu können, wurden auf Basis (1) einer Literaturrecherche zur Vermittlung von FDM-Kompetenzen im Hochschulkontext, (2) eines explorativen Gruppeninterviews im Rahmen eines gemeinsamen Online-Workshops inkl. Gruppendiskussionen mit FDM-Verantwortlichen der acht brandenburgischen Hochschulen, (3) einer Bedarfserhebung unter den Forschenden der Hochschulen und (4), ergänzend, durch Auswertung der Kursevaluationen des oben genannten Zertifikatskurses für Studierende entsprechende Bedarfe, Wünsche und Erfahrungen ermittelt. Diese fließen in die Konzipierung der Kurse ein, beziehungsweise ergänzen das bereits bestehende Konzept eines Zertifikatskurses für Studierende. Nach der Zusammenfassung und dem Ausblick folgt noch ein kurzer Exkurs zu dem projektspezifischen Wissensspeicher für FDM-Materialien.
description: Finanziert durch das Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (BMBF) und die Europäische Union (NextGenerationEU), sowie das Ministerium für Wissenschaft, Forschung und Kultur (MWFK) des Landes Brandenburg.