cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Fraction-free algorithm for the computation of diagonal forms matrices over Ore domains using Gr{ö}bner bases
Creators: name: Levandovskyy, Viktor
name: Schindelar, Kristina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: Symbolic Computation (cs.SC)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 13P10, 16Z05

description: This paper is a sequel to "Computing diagonal form and Jacobson normal form of a matrix using Groebner bases", J. of Symb. Computation, 46 (5), 2011. We present a new fraction-free algorithm for the computation of a diagonal form of a matrix over a certain non-commutative Euclidean domain over a computable field with the help of Gröbner bases. This algorithm is formulated in a general constructive framework of non-commutative Ore localizations of $G$-algebras (OLGAs). We split the computation of a normal form of a matrix into the diagonalization and the normalization processes. Both of them can be made fraction-free. For a matrix $M$ over an OLGA we provide a diagonalization algorithm to compute $U,V$ and $D$ with fraction-free entries such that $UMV=D$ holds and $D$ is diagonal. The fraction-free approach gives us more information on the system of linear functional equations and its solutions, than the classical setup of an operator algebra with rational functions coefficients. In particular, one can handle distributional solutions together with, say, meromorphic ones. We investigate Ore localizations of common operator algebras over $K[x]$ and use them in the unimodularity analysis of transformation matrices $U,V$. In turn, this allows to lift the isomorphism of modules over an OLGA Euclidean domain to a polynomial subring of it. We discuss the relation of this lifting with the solutions of the original system of equations. Moreover, we prove some new results concerning normal forms of matrices over non-simple domains. Our implementation in the computer algebra system {\sc Singular:Plural} follows the fraction-free strategy and shows impressive performance, compared with methods which directly use fractions. Since we experience moderate swell of coefficients and obtain simple transformation matrices, the method we propose is well suited for solving nontrivial practical problems.
description: 25 pages, to appear in Journal of Symbolic Computation
Framework for Designing Qualitative Data Physicalizations through Loom Weaving
Creators: name: Karajgikar, Jajwalya
Publisher: name: Knowledge Commons
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Digital humanities

description: This framework outlines a method for qualitative data physicalization through loom weaving, combining practical design strategies with critical reflection on materiality. It guides makers in translating narrative, affective, and temporal elements into symbolic textile forms while questioning the cultural, ethical, and epistemological dimensions of craft-based visualization.
Weaving is positioned not only as a mode of visualization but as a relational and epistemic act—one that challenges dominant norms of data abstraction and revalues embodied, situated, and labor-intensive forms of knowledge. This approach supports embodied, process-oriented engagements with data, and values situated, labor-intensive knowledge.
แรงจูงใจในการตัดสินใจเข้าศึกษาในระดับปริญญาตรี มหาวิทยาลัยมหาสารคาม ประจำปีการศึกษา 2562 (TCAS 62)
Creators: name: ภาณุวัฒน์ สว่างแสง
Publisher: name: Facilty of Education Rajabhat Maha Sarakham University
Year: 2563
Subjects: แรงจูงใจ
ตัดสินใจ
นิสิตปริญญาตรี

description: Journal of Education, 17, 3, 179-189
The Classical Roots of Neo-classical Political Economy
Creators: name: Wellisz, Stanislaw H.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2002
Subjects: Economics

description: Neoclassical Political Economy applies the concepts and techniques of Neoclassical Analysis to elucidate the interrelations between the Economy, the Polity and the State. The basic issues at hand were clearly stated by the social thinkers of the 17th, 18th and 19th Centuries, often referred to (admiringly or disparagingly) as the "Classics". The "Classics" lacked the analytic techniques of contemporary social science. They had no access to statistical data and had no knowledge of quantitative methods. They lived in a universe much simpler than ours. They often failed to distinguish between the normative and the positive approach. Yet despite such limitations (or perhaps because of them) they often had an extraordinary clarity of vision. The insights of Hobbes, Locke, Hume, Adam Smith, of Madison and of Marx, are signal posts for to-day's Political Economists.
Nonlinear superposition of direct and inverse cascades in two-dimensional turbulence forced at large and small scales
Creators: name: Cencini, Massimo
name: Muratore-Ginanneschi, Paolo
name: Vulpiani, Angelo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We inquire about the properties of 2d Navier-Stokes turbulence simultaneously forced at small and large scales. The background motivation comes by observational results on atmospheric turbulence. We show that the velocity field is amenable to the sum of two auxiliary velocity fields forced at large and small scale and exhibiting a direct-enstrophy and an inverse-energy cascade, respectively. Remarkably, the two auxiliary fields reconcile universal properties of fluxes with positive statistical correlation in the inertial range.
description: 4 Latex pages, 4 figures, the derivations of some equations have been expanded + other small corrections
Macroeconomic Determinates of Private Fixed Investment in Large and Medium Scale Manufacturing Industries of Ethiopia: A Time Series Analysis
Creators: name: Alemu, Berhanu
Publisher: name: Journal of Science and Sustainable Development
Year: 2014

description: This study provides an empirical analysis of macroeconomic determinates of private fixed investment in large and medium scale manufacturing Industry of Ethiopia over 1979/80 to 2008/09 periods using cointegration and Error Correction Model (ECM). The objective of this paper was to determine the impact of macroeconomic variables on the level of private fixed investment in large and medium scale manufacturing industry Ethiopia. The time series characteristics showed that all variables are integrated of order 1. The long run private fixed investment in manufacturing industry in Ethiopia is affected by Real Gross Domestic product (RGDP), inflation rate and Dummy variable that capture policy change. In the long run RGDP growth and policy change variable indicated positive and statistically significant impact on private manufacturing investment. However, the effect of inflation rate on private fixed investment in manufacturing sector was found to be negative. In the short run, the coefficient of error correction term was -0.695 indicating high speed of adjustment towards the long run equilibrium. In the short run ECM, it was found that the RGDP growth and bank loan disbursement to manufacturing (BLM) industry as well as lagged value of investment in manufacturing industry have positive impact on private manufacturing investment. Based on this result it is therefore suggested that improving the productivity of economic sectors, developing basic investment projects by reducing government consumption and strengthening inflation management policies as well as establishing industrial bank should be considered to raise fixed capital investment in Ethiopia.
description: Journal of Science and Sustainable Development, Vol. 2 No. 2 (2014)
Knowledge-Based Retrieval on a Rational Database Machine
Creators: name: Shaw, David Elliot
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1980
Subjects: Computer science--Mathematics
Database management--Mathematical models
Memory management (Computer science)

description: The central focus of this research has been the efficient retrieval of records from very large databases in applications where the criteria for description-matching require deductive inference over a domain-specific "knowledge base." Our approach has involved the design of a specialized non-von Neumann machine which permits the highly efficient evaluation of certain operators of a relational algebra of particular importance to the computational task at logical satisfaction. The architecture permits an O(log n) improvement over the best known evaluation methods for these operators on a conventional computer system, and may also offer a significant improvement over the performance of previously implemented or proposed database machines in other applications of practical import.
NON-VON: A Parallel Machine Architecture For Knowledge-Based Information Processing
Creators: name: Shaw, David Elliot
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1981
Subjects: Computer science
Information science
Information storage and retrieval systems
Integrated circuits--Very large scale integration
Parallel programming (Computer science)

description: NON-VON is a highly parallel machine designed to support the efficient implementation of very large scale knowledge-based systems. The utility of such a machine has been demonstrated analytically (1, 2) and through implementation of a working knowledge-based information retrieval system in which the NON-VON machine instructions were emulated in software (3). In cooperation with the Stanford Computer Science Department, we have recently begun to implement the most important components of the machine as custom VLSI circuits.
Effect of glycerol and dimethyl sulfoxide on the phase behavior of lysozyme: Theory and experiments
Creators: name: Gögelein, Christoph
name: Wagner, Dana
name: Cardinaux, Frédéric
name: Nägele, Gerhard
name: Egelhaaf, Stefan U.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Salt, glycerol and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) are used to modify the properties of protein solutions. We experimentally determined the effect of these additives on the phase behavior of lysozyme solutions. Upon the addition of glycerol and DMSO, the fluid-solid transition and the gas-liquid coexistence curve (binodal) shift to lower temperatures and the gap between them increases. The experimentally observed trends are consistent with our theoretical predictions based on the thermodynamic perturbation theory (TPT) and the Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek (DLVO) model for the lysozyme-lysozyme pair interactions. The values of the parameters describing the interactions, namely the refractive indices, dielectric constants, Hamaker constant and cut-off length, are extracted from literature or are experimentally determined by independent experiments, including static light scattering to determine the second virial coefficient. We observe that both, glycerol and DMSO, render the potential more repulsive, while sodium chloride reduces the repulsion.
description: Manuscript accepted for publication in The Journal of Chemical Physics
How Making it Easier to Succeed Reduces Success: IPO Reform and New Firm Performance
Creators: name: Eberhart, Robert
name: Eisenhardt, Kathleen
name: Eesley, Charles
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Economics
Finance

description: We examine how institutional changes that lower the barriers to successful exit influence the rate of IPO’s, the initial capitalization, and the performance of subsequent ventures. Such IPO market reforms are widespread, but their effectiveness is unclear. To do so, we take advantage of a quasi-natural experiment in which the IPO listing requirements in Japan were dramatically reduced. Using a unique database of over 19,000 new firms incorporated after 1982, we find that IPO market reform is a powerful institutional lever that increases the rate of IPOs. But it is also a narrow instrument that influences only few industries and triggers poor average performance in those industries. Overall, we find that IPO market reform is a complex institutional change. We conclude with contributions at the nexus institutional theory and entrepreneurship that indicate where and for whom institutional change will be effective.
Additional file 4 of Doxorubicin-loaded hollow gold nanospheres for dual photothermal ablation and chemoembolization therapy
Creators: name: Sheth, Rahul A.
name: Wen, Xiaoxia
name: Li, Junjie
name: Melancon, Marites P.
name: Ji, Xin
name: Andrew Wang, Y.
name: Hsiao, Cheng-Hui
name: Chow, Diana S.-L.
name: Whitley, Elizabeth M.
name: Li, Chun
name: Gupta, Sanjay
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biochemistry
Space Science
Medicine
Pharmacology
Biotechnology
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Cancer

description: Additional file 4: Table S1. Proportion of samples with positive histological finding of presence of tumors.
“Irreecha” Ceremony among Shoa Oromo
Creators: name: Leykun, Samuel
Publisher: name: Journal of Science and Sustainable Development
Year: 2014

description: Irreecha has widely been celebrated by Oromo people for a long period of time. It plays a major role in the social life of the Oromo people. It is a ritual ceremony in which Oromos worship and praise “Waaqa”(which means God). Moreover, it enables Oromos to be united (strengthen unity), make conciliation among conflicting groups and promote their culture. The Irreecha ceremony selected for this particular study are Irreecha Horaa Arsadee (eastern Shoa) and Horaa Bisiil (western Shoa). Many scholarly works have so far been dedicated to the study of the various aspects of Oromo history, culture, belief and folklore. However, these scholars have touched upon the Irrecha ritual only as a passing remark. In other word, no detailed study exclusively or broadly dedicated to Irreecha ceremony (ritual) has been carried out with a view to properly documenting it. . Therefore the main objective of this research work was to understand, describe and document the component Irreecha ceremony; to analyze the process of Irreecha celebration at Horaa Arasadee and Horaa Bisill; and to know the social values attached to Irrechaa ceremony. In order to meet the stated objectives, the qualitative research approach was adopted for information gathering. This includes the use of, interview, participant observation and focus-group discussion. The result of the investigation reveals that there are two major types of Irreecha ceremonies: Irreecha Tullu (Irreecha celebrated on moutain) and Irreecha Malka (Irreecha celebrated on the bank of river), there are also variations across Oromo lands regarding the celebration (not uniform) and the ceremony is celebrated by all age group and gender regardless of status.
description: Journal of Science and Sustainable Development, Vol. 2 No. 1 (2014)
Copyright Issues and Section 108 Reform
Creators: name: Rasenberger, Mary
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Copyright
subject: Electronic records
subject: Intellectual property
subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law

description: "It is really nice to be here. This is a subject that is very near and dear to my heart, in part because of the Section 108 Study Group that I worked on for almost three years. I was at the Library of Congress and worked with the National Digital Information Infrastructure and Preservation Program. I was sort of the in-house manager, slash administrator, slash secretary for the Section 108 Study Group. It was a group put together by the Library of Congress and the Copyright Office to look at revising § 108, which is the section of the Copyright Act for exceptions for libraries and archives, and to update it for the new technological era. My job on the study group was really just to make sure the work got done, help facilitate it, and I wasn’t allowed to have any of my own opinions—at least I tried. Peter Hirtle and June Besek, who were in the group, are laughing because I tried, but sometimes I think my opinions came through."
Expanding "Choice" in School Choice
Creators: name: Abdulkadiroglu, Atila
name: Yasuda, Yosuke
name: Che, Yeon-Koo
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2008
Subjects: Economics

description: Truthful revelation of preferences has emerged as a desideratum in the design of school choice programs. Gale-Shapley's deferred acceptance mechanism is strategy-proof for students but limits their ability to communicate their preference intensities. This results in ex-ante inefficiency when ties at school preferences are broken randomly. We propose a variant of deferred acceptance mechanism which allows students to influence how they are treated in ties. It maintains truthful revelation of ordinal preferences and supports a greater scope of efficiency.
Revisit of the Interaction between Holographic Dark Energy and Dark Matter
Creators: name: Zhang, Zhenhui
name: Li, Song
name: Li, Xiao-Dong
name: Zhang, Xin
name: Li, Miao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we investigate the possible direct, non-gravitational interaction between holographic dark energy (HDE) and dark matter. Firstly, we start with two simple models with the interaction terms $Q \propto ρ_{dm}$ and $Q \propto ρ_{de}$, and then we move on to the general form $Q \propto ρ_m^αρ_{de}^β$. The cosmological constraints of the models are obtained from the joint analysis of the present Union2.1+BAO+CMB+$H_0$ data. We find that the data slightly favor an energy flow from dark matter to dark energy, although the original HDE model still lies in the 95.4% confidence level (CL) region. For all models we find $c<1$ at the 95.4% CL. We show that compared with the cosmic expansion, the effect of interaction on the evolution of $ρ_{dm}$ and $ρ_{de}$ is smaller, and the relative increment (decrement) amount of the energy in the dark matter component is constrained to be less than 9% (15%) at the 95.4% CL. By introducing the interaction, we find that even when $c<1$ the big rip still can be avoided due to the existence of a de Sitter solution at $z\rightarrow-1$. We show that this solution can not be accomplished in the two simple models, while for the general model such a solution can be achieved with a large $β$, and the big rip may be avoided at the 95.4% CL.
description: 26 pages, 9 figures, version accepted for publication in JCAP
Supplier Relations and the Market Context: A Theory of Handshakes
Creators: name: McLaren, John
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1997
Subjects: Economics

description: This paper involves an economic theory of the degree of formality in industrial procurement. The argument is based on a tension between two procurement goals: imposing cost discipline on the supplier, and creating the conditions for cooperative innovation. In this model, a contract can solve the cost discipline problem, but only by discouraging cooperation; a less formal arrangement provides cooperation but poor discipline. The attractiveness of contracts is smaller, the less vertically integrated the industry, because a thick market for inputs provides its own discipline incentives even without a contract. Thus, in highly integrated industries, contracts are used, while in less integrated industries business is done on handshakes. This theory of the role of market context roughly fits some stylized facts and international comparisons, and may be a useful complement to some sociological approaches.
Can Any Stationary Iteration Using Linear Information Be Globally Convergent?
Creators: name: Wasilkowski, Grzegorz W.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1980
Subjects: Computer science--Mathematics
Differential equations, Nonlinear
Iterative methods (Mathematics)
Computable functions

description: All known globally convergent iterations for the solution of a nonlinear operator equation f(x) = 0 are either nonstationary or use nonlinear information. It is asked whether there exists a globally convergent stationary iteration which uses linear information. It is proved that even if global convergence is defined in a weak sense, there exists no such iteration for as simple a class of problems as the set of all analytic complex functions having only simple zeros. It is conjectured that even for the class of all real polynomials which have real simple zeros there does not exist a globally convergent stationary iteration using linear information.
Joint Compute and Forward for the Two Way Relay Channel with Spatially Coupled LDPC Codes
Creators: name: Hern, Brett
name: Narayanan, Krishna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We consider the design and analysis of coding schemes for the binary input two way relay channel with erasure noise. We are particularly interested in reliable physical layer network coding in which the relay performs perfect error correction prior to forwarding messages. The best known achievable rates for this problem can be achieved through either decode and forward or compute and forward relaying. We consider a decoding paradigm called joint compute and forward which we numerically show can achieve the best of these rates with a single encoder and decoder. This is accomplished by deriving the exact performance of a message passing decoder based on joint compute and forward for spatially coupled LDPC ensembles.
description: This paper was submitted to IEEE Global Communications Conference 2012
Network coding based cooperative communications
Creators: name: Kandhway, Kundan
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Cooperative communications was proposed to enable spatial diversity in small and inexpensive devices. It allows the creation of virtual antenna array through the antennas of the participating users. The benefits offered by cooperation include increase in data rate, robustness against shadowing, decrease in overall transmit power of the system etc. However, when user cooperation is extended to include multiple users or multiple relays, the system suffers from loss in throughput due to increased number of channel use. To overcome this, cooperative communications schemes often make use of network coding which helps trade-off resource allocated for cooperation and system performance. In the first part of the thesis, we propose random network coding based user cooperation scheme in wireless networks. Our scheme is very effective in spreading the information of the pool of cooperating users so that the message can reach the destination via many alternative paths. Also, the proposed scheme is decentralized and the cooperating nodes act independent of the others. Results show that our scheme is resilient to inter-user channel noise and can achieve high diversity gain when number of cooperating users is large. We further enhance the performance of our scheme for bad user-destination channel by protecting the packets by convolutional coding. This version of our scheme performs better than traditional N user cooperation in terms of both outage and throughput for all user-destination channel conditions when inter-user channel is good. It also shows better robustness to inter-user channel than original scheme. In second part of this thesis, we consider analog network coding based bidirectional relaying system. We develop a scheme to optimally allocate power at the relay nodes such that overall data rate in transfer of messages between two user nodes is maximized under uncertain channel conditions. We have proposed an iterative solution for rate maximization problem and solve a geometric program at each step. Results show that bidirectional relaying can achieve significantly more data rate than conventional unidirectional relaying scheme at the cost of reduced diversity. Also, addition of more relays makes the system more robust to imperfections in channel.
Direct-coupling analysis of residue co-evolution captures native contacts across many protein families
Creators: name: Morcos, Faruck
name: Pagnani, Andrea
name: Lunt, Bryan
name: Bertolino, Arianna
name: Marks, Debora S.
name: Sander, Chris
name: Zecchina, Riccardo
name: Onuchic, Jose' N.
name: Hwa, Terence
name: Weigt, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The similarity in the three-dimensional structures of homologous proteins imposes strong constraints on their sequence variability. It has long been suggested that the resulting correlations among amino acid compositions at different sequence positions can be exploited to infer spatial contacts within the tertiary protein structure. Crucial to this inference is the ability to disentangle direct and indirect correlations, as accomplished by the recently introduced Direct Coupling Analysis (DCA) (Weigt et al. (2009) Proc Natl Acad Sci 106:67). Here we develop a computationally efficient implementation of DCA, which allows us to evaluate the accuracy of contact prediction by DCA for a large number of protein domains, based purely on sequence information. DCA is shown to yield a large number of correctly predicted contacts, recapitulating the global structure of the contact map for the majority of the protein domains examined. Furthermore, our analysis captures clear signals beyond intra- domain residue contacts, arising, e.g., from alternative protein conformations, ligand- mediated residue couplings, and inter-domain interactions in protein oligomers. Our findings suggest that contacts predicted by DCA can be used as a reliable guide to facilitate computational predictions of alternative protein conformations, protein complex formation, and even the de novo prediction of protein domain structures, provided the existence of a large number of homologous sequences which are being rapidly made available due to advances in genome sequencing.
description: 28 pages, 7 figures, to appear in PNAS
Momentum: an architecture of passage
Creators: name: Couzens, Dustin Micah
Publisher: name: Environmental Design
Year: 2004

description: No bibliography.
description: Approval page not signed.
description: Today ever-expanding thresholds of speed, efficiency, and communication are changing our definitions of space in completely unpredictable ways, and by extension challenging our understanding of architecture within the reconfigured global environment. Traditional concerns with permanence, typology and function no longer suffice as the limits according to which we design, theorize, and build architecture today. These strategies prescribe monumentality, which is typically objectified as the physical ends [i.e.: public, private spaces] by which various means [i.e.: transition spaces] deliver us. This mentality advocates stasis and rigidity, which as argued by this thesis, is not congruent with both the dynamic forces of globalization and the apparent "restlessness" of society. Due [in part] to the forces of Globalization we now find ourselves ' immersed in a new spatial paradigm, a paradigm in which indeterminate cultural identities merge with individual autonomy; borders become blurred and desires, transient. Today, as Urban Nomads we navigate precariously according to these revised perceptions of space and meaning. To once again share 'affinities' with nomadic culture is not only a natural anthropological progression, but a survival instinct we have adopted in today's boundless world. To become "nomadic," that is totally indifferent to the need for any kind of identification, allows us to contently survive in our global polis, 'neutrally' passing through the various states of anticipation and boundary. Today's urban nomad can live the impossibility of identification as a positive implication through which it is possible to pass through the indefiniteness of transitional urban spaces, as we are no longer bound by the communal ties of yesterday. In the instance of traversing the spaces "in between" the urban nomad is constantly drifting, unhindered by any physical or virtual barrier. This thesis seeks to reexamine architecture's place within the globalized polis, particularly within the shifting realms of technology, media, telecommunications, and other spatiotemporal shifts marking the end of a millennium. The design of a Ferry Terminal for Vancouver's International Airport is the vehicle by which conventional notions of space, enclosure and order are negated, opting instead for anti-monumental, dynamic strategies that begin to inform an architecture of passage vs. an architecture of stasis. Architecture for such fluid, dimensionless territories can only be an utterance, without language; an ensemble of spaces that are anticipatory, neutral and impersonally universal, allowing for a multitude of interpretations. key words: globalization urban nomad infrastructure transience
Performance Evaluation of a Packetized Voice System Simulation Study
Creators: name: Suda, Tatsuya
name: Miyahara, Hideo
name: Hasegawa, Toshiharu
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1983
Subjects: Computer science

description: Introduction of the packet switching technique into digitized voice communication may afford great advantages in efficient use of the channel, compared to both circuit-switched and DSI systems. Detailed characteristics, however, have not been obtained because of difficulty in the exact analysis. Hence, simulation models are developed in this paper for the packetized voice transmission system, and various characteristics such as transmission delays and loss probability of voice packets are obtained. We further evaluate three types of voice packet reassembly strategy at t he receiving terminal, and obtain the optimal packet length, which keeps each of overall packet transmission delay and packet loss probability less than a certain permissible values. Comparison among three strategies is also stated.
Base Ontology for Technical Security Standards
Creators: name: Ehrlinger, Lisa
name: Buchgeher, Georg
name: Illescas, Jose
name: Denk, Gandalf
name: Panholzer, Peter
name: Brandstetter, Thomas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Technical Standard
Ontology
Semantic Model
Cybersecurity
IACS
IIoT
Knowledge Graph

description: The resulting ontology serves as the basis to represent technical standards in a machine readable way. It provides elements to define publications, their provisions, their dependencies and possible constraints, among other constructs. This ontology is based on three technical standards, namely the IEC 62443 4-2, ETSI 303645 and the more general NIST Framework for Improving Critical Infrastructure Cybersecurity.
description: It is the base for a envisioned KG. Pre-release: Integration to more established vocabularies is in preparation.
Questions and Answers
Creators: name: Blouin, Francis X.
name: Ginsburg, Jane C.
name: Hirtle, Peter B.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Electronic records
subject: Copyright
subject: Archives
subject: Questions and answers
subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law

description: "I was curious about websites because we’re now beginning to accumulate websites and we were thinking about using a website service so it makes it very simple just to find it, click it, ship it and we have archival access to it. But the problem of course is these websites are so complicated and you don’t actually know what you’re fully accessing because there are lots of links; there are lots of portions that may go unexamined. Have you had any experiences with websites that are essentially transnational, that are essentially built in this country but linked to things that are governed by laws outside of U.S. control?"
Roundtable: Sound and Video Archives
Creators: name: Crews, Kenneth D.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Conference papers and proceedings
subject: Electronic records
subject: Archives
subject: Sound archives
subject: Video recordings
subject: Copyright
subject: Questions and answers
subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law

description: "Now, why single out different kinds of formats or different kinds of media and separate them out from the text-based materials that we’ve typically talked about? And there are a variety of answers. These diverse media present diverse challenges, and they also come in many different variations. I mean, just on the example of audiovisual works, they could range from a simple home movie to a feature release film, or on the example of sound recordings they could be something as simple as an interview, as straightforward as an interview, or it could be ethnological field studies, or it could be, well, Girl Talk and mashups and a variety of other kinds of works."
Superluminal Tachyonlike Excitations of Dirac Fermions in a Topological Insulator Junction
Creators: name: Apalkov, Vadim M.
name: Chakraborty, Tapash
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have considered a system of two topological insulators and have determined the properties of the surface states at the junction. Here we report that these states, under certain conditions exhibit superluminous (tachyonic) dispersion of the Dirac fermions. Although superluminal excitations are known to exist in optical systems, this is the first demonstration of possible tachyonic excitations in a purely electronic system. The first ever signature of tachyons could therefore be found experimentally in a topological insulator junction.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Gravitational Field Equations and Theory of Dark Matter and Dark Energy
Creators: name: Ma, Tian
name: Wang, Shouhong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The main objective of this article is to derive a new set of gravitational field equations and to establish a new unified theory for dark energy and dark matter. The new gravitational field equations with scalar potential $φ$ are derived using the Einstein-Hilbert functional, and the scalar potential $φ$ is a natural outcome of the divergence-free constraint of the variational elements. Gravitation is now described by the Riemannian metric $g_{ij}$, the scalar potential $φ$ and their interactions, unified by the new gravitational field equations. Associated with the scalar potential $φ$ is the scalar potential energy density $\frac{c^4}{8πG} Φ=\frac{c^4}{8πG} g^{ij}D_iD_j φ$, which represents a new type of energy caused by the non-uniform distribution of matter in the universe. The negative part of this potential energy density produces attraction, and the positive part produces repelling force. This potential energy density is conserved with mean zero: $\int_M ΦdM=0$. The sum of this new potential energy density $\frac{c^4}{8πG} Φ$ and the coupling energy between the energy-momentum tensor $T_{ij}$ and the scalar potential field $φ$ gives rise to a new unified theory for dark matter and dark energy: The negative part of this sum represents the dark matter, which produces attraction, and the positive part represents the dark energy, which drives the acceleration of expanding galaxies. In addition, the scalar curvature of space-time obeys $R=\frac{8πG}{c^4} T + Φ$. Furthermore, the new field equations resolve a few difficulties encountered by the classical Einstein field equations.
description: Some statements are made more precise and a conclusion section is added
Undue Diligence?
Creators: name: Hirtle, Peter B.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Digital electronics--Technological innovations
subject: Technology
subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law
subject: Archives

description: "My purpose today is to suggest to you why I think that archivists have by and large failed to use new digital technologies to make the riches in their holdings more widely accessible. Money, of course, has a lot to do with it. The funding for massive archival digitization projects has just not been available. But there has also been a reluctance on the part of archivists to pursue the small amount of funding that is available because of our professional practices."
Bureaucracy
Creators: name: Wellisz, Stanislaw H.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2002
Subjects: Organizational behavior
Organizational sociology

description: Max Weber extolled the hierarchic-bureaucratic mode of organization: "Experience" - he claimed - "tends universally to show that the purely bureaucratic type of administrative organization... is, from a purely technical point of view, capable of attaining the highest degree of efficiency" (Weber, 1947, p. 337). Since Weber's time business and government bureaucracy has flourished. Between 1900 and 1950 the ratio of administrative personnel to production workers in U.S. industry grew from 10 per cent to 20 per cent (Bendix, 1956, p. 214)1. By 1983 it reached 48 per cent (Meyer, 1985, p. 37). The proportion of government employees (most of whom are bureaucrats) in the civilian labor force rose in the post-World War II period from 10 to 16 per cent (Meyer 1985 p. 37). A similar trend is noted throughout the industrialized world. Yet, far for being admired, bureaucrats - especially those working for the government- are looked upon as "permanently bungling and inefficient individuals or, alternately, [as] individuals who carry out only those decisions that serve their own interests, rather than those of their superiors" (Breton and Wintrobe, 1982, pp. 6-7) But, "however much people complain about the 'evils of bureaucracy' it would be sheer illusion to think for a moment that continuous administrative work can be carried out in any field except by means of officials working in offices. The whole pattern of everyday life is cut to fit this framework" (Weber, 1947, p. 337). Out of power politicians pledge that, if elected, they will curb the bureaucracy, but, when in office they seem unwilling or incapable to carry out their promise. Our goal is to reconcile Weber's claims in favor of bureaucracy with the arguments of the critics. The discussion is organized as follows. In Section 1 we present Weber's case in favor of a bureaucratic mode of organization Section 2 gives a brief description of major inquiries into the functioning of hierarchies. In Section 3 we present a simple model of an efficient Weberian bureaucracy. The Principal - Agent problem confronting profit-oriented enterprises is discussed in Section 4; section 5 discusses the additional difficulties confronting public sector Bureaus. Niskanen's hypothesis of a bureau-maximizing bureaucracy, and of bureaucracy-maximizing politicians is examined in Section 6. The seventh section is devoted to the issue of efficiency vs. loyalty of bureaucratic employees. The last section contains a brief summary of the major conclusions.
Game Theory and Industrial Organization
Creators: name: Bagwell, Kyle
name: Wolinsky, Asher
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2000
Subjects: Economics
Organizational sociology

description: In this article, we consider how important developments in game theory have contributed to the theory of industrial organization. Our goal is not to survey the theory of industrial organization; rather, we consider the contribution of game theory through a careful discussion of a small number of topics within the industrial organization field. We also identify some points in which developments in the theory of industrial organization have contributed to game theory. The topics that we consider are: commitment in two-stage games and the associated theories of strategic-trade policy and entry deterrence; asymmetric-information games and the associated theories of limit pricing and predation; repeated games with public moves and the associated theory of collusion in markets with public demand fluctuations; mixed-strategy equilibria and purification theory and the associated theory of sales; and repeated games with imperfect monitoring and the associated theory of collusion and price wars. We conclude with a general assessment concerning the contribution of game theory to industrial organization.
An Assessment of Students’ Reading Ability in Higher Institution: A Case Study of Asela College of Teacher Education, Asela, Oromia, Ethiopia
Creators: name: Hirpassa, Motuma
Publisher: name: Journal of Science and Sustainable Development
Year: 2014

description: Prompted by increased concern about the problems of education quality, this study was carried out to investigate the reading ability of English major students of Asela College of Teacher Education (ACTE). To achieve this objective, third year English major students of the College were purposively selected. Both quantitative and qualitative data were obtained from the respondents through Reading Achievement Tests, Strategies and Reading Ability Questionnaire and Structured Retrospective Interview. The study mainly focused on the students’ ability to identify the main ideas and details, explicitly stated and implied information, the purpose and the tone of authors in five different reading genres: dialogues, directions, article, essays, and poems. The overall result of the study showed that 91.3% of ACTE students were “frustrational readers” and exclusively limited to bottom-up approaches to reading. In other words they answered the test questions below 70% correctly in reading comprehension tests. Moreover, almost half of the students could not answer above 50% in the comprehension questions. Therefore, the prescriptions for the solution to the problem lies in bringing about improvement in the students’ reading ability to identify the main ideas and details, explicitly stated and implied information, the purpose and the tone of authors in different reading genres: dialogues, articles, essays, directions and poem.
description: Journal of Science and Sustainable Development, Vol. 2 No. 1 (2014)
Ultrafast magnetic vortex core switching driven by topological inverse Faraday effect
Creators: name: Taguchi, Katsuhisa
name: Ohe, Jun-ichiro
name: Tatara, Gen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a theoretical discovery of an unconventional mechanism of inverse Faraday effect (IFE) which acts selectively on topological magnetic structures. The effect, topological inverse Faraday effect (TIFE), is induced by spin Berry's phase of the magnetic structure when a circularly polarized light is applied. Thus a spin-orbit interaction is not necessary unlike in the conventional IFE. We demonstrate by numerical simulation that TIFE realizes ultrafast switching of a magnetic vortex within a switching time of 150 ps without magnetic field.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures
On the distance between non-isomorphic groups
Creators: name: Ivanyos, Gábor
name: Gall, François Le
name: Yoshida, Yuichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A result of Ben-Or, Coppersmith, Luby and Rubinfeld on testing whether a map be two groups is close to a homomorphism implies a tight lower bound on the distance between the multiplication tables of two non-isomorphic groups.
description: 2 pages; corrected reference
Fundamental properties of Fanaroff-Riley II radio galaxies investigated via Monte Carlo simulations
Creators: name: Kapińska, Anna D.
name: Uttley, Phil
name: Kaiser, Christian R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: [Abridged] Radio galaxies and quasars are among the largest and most powerful single objects known and are believed to have had a significant impact on the evolving Universe and its large scale structure. We explore the intrinsic and extrinsic properties of the population of FRII objects (kinetic luminosities, lifetimes, and the central densities of their environments). In particular, the radio and kinetic luminosity functions of FRIIs are investigated using the complete, flux limited radio catalogues of 3CRR and Best et al. We construct multidimensional Monte Carlo simulations using semi-analytical models of FRII radio source growth to create artificial samples of radio galaxies. Unlike previous studies, we compare radio luminosity functions found with both the observed and simulated data to explore the fundamental source parameters. We allow the source physical properties to co-evolve with redshift, and we find that all the investigated parameters most likely undergo cosmological evolution. Strikingly, we find that the break in the kinetic luminosity function must undergo redshift evolution of at least (1+z)^3. The fundamental parameters are strongly degenerate, and independent constraints are necessary to draw more precise conclusions. We use the estimated kinetic luminosity functions to set constraints on the duty cycles of these powerful radio sources. A comparison of the duty cycles of powerful FRIIs with those determined from radiative luminosities of AGN of comparable black hole mass suggests a transition in behaviour from high to low redshifts, corresponding to either a drop in the typical black hole mass of powerful FRIIs at low redshifts, or a transition to a kinetically-dominated, radiatively-inefficient FRII population.
description: Accepted to MNRAS. 30 pages, 18 figures, 4 tables + online material (in appendix): 9 pages, 14 figures
Dynamic permanence: building a library for the 21st century
Creators: name: Carr, Gillian
Publisher: name: Environmental Design
Year: 2004

description: Bibliography: p. 87-88
description: Some pages are in colour.
description: This Master's Degree Project explores the implications of designing buildings that contain the inherent ability to change over time. It attempts to understand architecture's capacity to produce meaning within the cultural climate of the 21st century, one that is increasingly defined by the processes of change. This thesis focuses on developing a design strategy for an architecture that addresses both the dynamic character of society and the unpredictable processes of change but that does not lose the sense of place that architecture, historically, has searched to create. Fundamental to the creation of this strategy were the lessons learned from a selective historical overview of the relationship between architecture and meaning and a study into architectural typologies and precedents that employ flexible and adaptable design principles. The explorations of this thesis culminate in the design of a public library for the City of Red Deer, Alberta. This library intends to facilitate a meaningful connection between people and the built environment through the creation of an architecture of dynamic permanence. KEYWORDS architecture adaptable change library flexible
On the corrections beyond proximity force approximation (PFA)
Creators: name: Teo, L. P.
name: Bordag, M.
name: Nikolaev, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We recalculate the first analytic correction beyond PFA for a sphere in front of a plane for a scalar field and for the electromagnetic field. We use the method of Bordag and Nikolaev [J.Phys.A, {\bf 41} (2008) p.164002]. We confirm their result for Dirichlet boundary conditions whereas we find a different one for Robin, Neumann and conductor boundary conditions. The difference can be traced back to a sign error. As a result, the corrections depend on the Robin parameter. Agreement is found with a very recent method of derivative expansion.
description: 9 pages. Some changes in the conclusion