cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
On the Cosmic Number
Creators: name: Smith, John
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 20203 Particle Physics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Richard Feynman: "There is a most profound and beautiful question associated with the observed coupling constant, e \[Dash] the amplitude for a real electron to emit or absorb a real photon. It is a simple number that has been experimentally determined to be close to 0.08542455. (My physicist friends won't recognize this number, because they like to remember it as the inverse of its square: about 137.03597 with about an uncertainty of about 2 in the last decimal place. It has been a mystery ever since it was discovered more than fifty years ago, and all good theoretical physicists put this number up on their wall and worry about it.) Immediately you would like to know where this number for a coupling comes from: is it related to pi or perhaps to the base of natural logarithms? Nobody knows. It's one of the greatest damn mysteries of physics: a magic number that comes to us with no understanding by man. You might say the "hand of G-d" wrote that number, and "we don't know how He pushed his pencil." We know what kind of a dance to do experimentally to measure this number very accurately, but we don't know what kind of dance to do on the computer to make this number come out, without putting it in secretly!"\^\(1\) In this note, a "computational dance" from which this number emerges without any need to put it in secretly is identified...
COL0RME: Super-resolution microscopy based on sparse blinking/fluctuating fluorophore localization and intensity estimation
Creators: name: Stergiopoulou, Vasiliki
name: Calatroni, Luca
name: Goulart, José Henrique de Morais
name: Schaub, Sébastien
name: Blanc-Féraud, Laure
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: To overcome the physical barriers caused by light diffraction, super-resolution techniques are often applied in fluorescence microscopy. State-of-the-art approaches require specific and often demanding acquisition conditions to achieve adequate levels of both spatial and temporal resolution. Analyzing the stochastic fluctuations of the fluorescent molecules provides a solution to the aforementioned limitations, as sufficiently high spatio-temporal resolution for live-cell imaging can be achieved by using common microscopes and conventional fluorescent dyes. Based on this idea, we present COL0RME, a method for COvariance-based $\ell_0$ super-Resolution Microscopy with intensity Estimation, which achieves good spatio-temporal resolution by solving a sparse optimization problem in the covariance domain and discuss automatic parameter selection strategies. The method is composed of two steps: the former where both the emitters' independence and the sparse distribution of the fluorescent molecules are exploited to provide an accurate localization; the latter where real intensity values are estimated given the computed support. The paper is furnished with several numerical results both on synthetic and real fluorescence microscopy images and several comparisons with state-of-the art approaches are provided. Our results show that COL0RME outperforms competing methods exploiting analogously temporal fluctuations; in particular, it achieves better localization, reduces background artifacts and avoids fine parameter tuning.
description: Accepted manuscript in Biological Imaging and Published online by Cambridge University Press on 16 February 2022. 29 pages and 17 figures
Pitfalls of periodograms: The non-stationarity bias in the analysis of quasi-periodic oscillations
Creators: name: Huebner, Moritz
name: Huppenkothen, Daniela
name: Lasky, Paul D.
name: Inglis, Andrew R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs) are an important key to understand the dynamic behavior of astrophysical objects during transient events like gamma-ray bursts, solar flares, and magnetar flares. Searches for QPOs often use the periodogram of the time series and perform spectral density estimation using a Whittle likelihood function. However, the Whittle likelihood is only valid if the time series is stationary since the frequency bins are otherwise not statistically independent. We show that if time series are non-stationary, the significance of QPOs can be highly overestimated and estimates of the central frequencies and QPO widths can be overconstrained. The effect occurs if the QPO is only present for a fraction of the time series and the noise level is varying throughout the time series. This can occur for example if background noise from before or after the transient is included in the time series or if the low-frequency noise profile varies strongly over the time series. We confirm the presence of this bias in previously reported results from solar flare data and show that significance can be highly overstated. Finally, we provide some suggestions that help identify if an analysis is affected by this bias.
description: 19 pages, 11 Figures
On the Cosmic Number
Creators: name: Smith, John
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 20203 Particle Physics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Quantum Mechanics
subject: 10101 Algebra and Number Theory
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Richard Feynman: "There is a most profound and beautiful question associated with the observed coupling constant, e \[Dash] the amplitude for a real electron to emit or absorb a real photon. It is a simple number that has been experimentally determined to be close to 0.08542455. (My physicist friends won't recognize this number, because they like to remember it as the inverse of its square: about 137.03597 with about an uncertainty of about 2 in the last decimal place. It has been a mystery ever since it was discovered more than fifty years ago, and all good theoretical physicists put this number up on their wall and worry about it.) Immediately you would like to know where this number for a coupling comes from: is it related to pi or perhaps to the base of natural logarithms? Nobody knows. It's one of the greatest damn mysteries of physics: a magic number that comes to us with no understanding by man. You might say the "hand of G-d" wrote that number, and "we don't know how He pushed his pencil." We know what kind of a dance to do experimentally to measure this number very accurately, but we don't know what kind of dance to do on the computer to make this number come out, without putting it in secretly!"\^\(1\) In this note, a "computational dance" from which this number emerges without any need to put it in secretly is identified...
Designing Wearable Augmented Reality Concepts to Support Scalability in Autonomous Vehicle-Pedestrian Interaction
Creators: name: Tran, Tram Thi Minh
name: Parker, Callum
name: Wang, Yiyuan
name: Tomitsch, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Wearable augmented reality (AR) offers new ways for supporting the interaction between autonomous vehicles (AVs) and pedestrians due to its ability to integrate timely and contextually relevant data into the user's field of view. This article presents novel wearable AR concepts that assist crossing pedestrians in multi-vehicle scenarios where several AVs frequent the road from both directions. Three concepts with different communication approaches for signaling responses from multiple AVs to a crossing request, as well as a conventional pedestrian push button, were simulated and tested within a virtual reality environment. The results showed that wearable AR is a promising way to reduce crossing pedestrians' cognitive load when the design offers both individual AV responses and a clear signal to cross. The willingness of pedestrians to adopt a wearable AR solution, however, is subject to different factors, including costs, data privacy, technical defects, liability risks, maintenance duties, and form factors. We further found that all participants favored sending a crossing request to AVs rather than waiting for the vehicles to detect their intentions-pointing to an important gap and opportunity in the current AV-pedestrian interaction literature.
Mechanisms for the emergence of Gaussian correlations
Creators: name: Gluza, Marek
name: Schweigler, Thomas
name: Tajik, Mohammadamin
name: Sabino, João
name: Cataldini, Federica
name: Møller, Frederik S.
name: Ji, Si-Cong
name: Rauer, Bernhard
name: Schmiedmayer, Jörg
name: Eisert, Jens
name: Sotiriadis, Spyros
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We comprehensively investigate two distinct mechanisms leading to memory loss of non-Gaussian correlations after switching off the interactions in an isolated quantum system undergoing out-of-equilibrium dynamics. The first mechanism is based on spatial scrambling and results in the emergence of locally Gaussian steady states in large systems evolving over long times. The second mechanism, characterized as `canonical transmutation', is based on the mixing of a pair of canonically conjugate fields, one of which initially exhibits non-Gaussian fluctuations while the other is Gaussian and dominates the dynamics, resulting in the emergence of relative Gaussianity even at finite system sizes and times. We evaluate signatures of the occurrence of the two candidate mechanisms in a recent experiment that has observed Gaussification in an atom-chip controlled ultracold gas and elucidate evidence that it is canonical transmutation rather than spatial scrambling that is responsible for Gaussification in the experiment. Both mechanisms are shown to share the common feature that the Gaussian correlations revealed dynamically by the quench are already present though practically inaccessible at the initial time. On the way, we present novel observations based on the experimental data, demonstrating clustering of equilibrium correlations, analyzing the dynamics of full counting statistics, and utilizing tomographic reconstructions of quantum field states. Our work aims at providing an accessible presentation of the potential of atom-chip experiments to explore fundamental aspects of quantum field theories in quantum simulations.
Non-magnetic ion site disorder effects on the quantum magnetism of a spin-1/2 equilateral triangular lattice antiferromagnet
Creators: name: Huang, Q.
name: Rawl, R.
name: Xie, W. W.
name: Chou, E. S.
name: Zapf, V. S.
name: Ding, X. X.
name: Mauws, C.
name: Wiebe, C. R.
name: Feng, E. X.
name: Cao, H. B.
name: Tian, W.
name: Ma, J.
name: Qiu, Y.
name: Butch, N.
name: Zhou, H. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With the motivation to study how non-magnetic ion site disorder affects the quantum magnetism of Ba3CoSb2O9, a spin-1/2 equilateral triangular lattice antiferromagnet, we performed DC and AC susceptibility, specific heat, elastic and inelastic neutron scattering measurements on single crystalline samples of Ba2.87Sr0.13CoSb2O9 with Sr doping on non-magnetic Ba2+ ion sites. The results show that Ba2.87Sr0.13CoSb2O9 exhibits (i) a two-step magnetic transition at 2.7 K and 3.3 K, respectively; (ii) a possible canted 120-degree spin structure at zero field with reduced ordered moment as 1.24μB/Co; (iii) a series of spin state transitions for both H // ab-plane and H // c-axis. For H // ab-plane, the magnetization plateau feature related to the up-up-down phase is significantly suppressed; (iv) an inelastic neutron scattering spectrum with only one gapped mode at zero field, which splits to one gapless and one gapped mode at 9 T. All these features are distinctly different from those observed for the parent compound Ba3CoSb2O9, which demonstrates that the non-magnetic ion site disorder (the Sr doping) plays a complex role on the magnetic properties beyond the conventionally expected randomization of the exchange interactions. We propose the additional effects including the enhancement of quantum spin fluctuations and introduction of a possible spatial anisotropy through the local structural distortions.
description: 10 pages, 10 figures
SDSS J154751.94+025550 with double-peaked broad Hβbut single-peaked broad Hα: a candidate for central binary black hole system?
Creators: name: Zhang, XueGuang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this manuscript, an interesting blue Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) SDSS J154751.94+025550 (=SDSS J1547) is reported with very different line profiles of broad Balmer emission lines: double-peaked broad H$β$ but single-peaked broad H$α$. SDSS J1547 is the first AGN with detailed discussions on very different line profiles of the broad Balmer emission lines, besides the simply mentioned different broad lines in the candidate for a binary black hole (BBH) system in SDSS J0159+0105. The very different line profiles of the broad Balmer emission lines can be well explained by different physical conditions to two central BLRs in a central BBH system in SDSS J1547. Furthermore, the long-term light curve from CSS can be well described by a sinusoidal function with a periodicity about 2159days, providing further evidence to support the expected central BBH system in SDSS J1547. Therefore, it is interesting to treat different line profiles of broad Balmer emission lines as intrinsic indicators of central BBH systems in broad line AGN. Under assumptions of BBH systems, 0.125\% of broad line AGN can be expected to have very different line profiles of broad Balmer emission lines. Future study on more broad line AGN with very different line profiles of broad Balmer emission lines could provide further clues on the different line profiles of broad Balmer emission lines as indicator of BBH systems.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures, 1 table, Accepted to be published in MNRAS
Spectra and decay properties of $Λ_b$ and $Σ_b$ baryons
Creators: name: Kakadiya, Amee
name: Shah, Zalak
name: Gandhi, Keval
name: Rai, Ajay Kumar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article, we study the radial states as well as orbital states mass spectra of the nonstrange baryons from bottom family utilizing hypercentral Constituent Quark Model(hCQM), a non-relativistic approach by employing screened potential as confining potential with color Coulomb potential. The spin-spin, spin-orbital and tensor interaction are considered for hyperfine splitting calculation. The mass spectra calculated and compared with other theoretical approaches. The Regge trajectories has been plotted in $(J, M^2)$ plane using the calculated mass spectra. Further, the single-pion decay and radiative decay have been described and magnetic moments are determined for the ground state.
description: 17 pages, 3 figures
Impact of SM parameters and of the vacua of the Higgs potential in gravitational waves detection
Creators: name: Freitas, Felipe F.
name: Lourenço, Gabriel
name: Morais, António P.
name: Nunes, André
name: Olívia, João
name: Pasechnik, Roman
name: Santos, Rui
name: Viana, João
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we discuss two different phases of a complex singlet extension of the Standard Model (SM) together with an extension that also includes new fermion fields, in particular, a Majoron model equipped with an inverse seesaw mechanism. All considered scenarios contain a global $\mathrm{U}(1)$ symmetry and allow for first-order phase transitions while only two of them are strong enough to favour the detection of primordial gravitational waves (GWs) in planned experiments such as LISA. In particular, this is shown to be possible in the singlet extension with a non vanishing real VEV at zero temperature and also in the model with extra fermions. In the singlet extension with no additional fermions, the detection of GWs strongly depends on the $\mathrm{U}(1)$ symmetry breaking pattern of the scalar potential at zero temperature. We study for the first time the impact of the precision in the determination of the SM parameters on the strength of the GWs spectrum. It turns out that the variation of the SM parameters such as the Higgs boson mass and top quark Yukawa coupling in their allowed experimental ranges has a notable impact on GWs detectability prospects.
description: 28 pages, 13 figures
The Zariski covering number for vector spaces and modules
Creators: name: Ghosh, Soham
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 13F05 (primary), 13H99, 13F10, 54E52, 54H99 (secondary)

description: Given a $K$-vector space $V$, let $σ(V,K)$ denote the covering number, i.e. the smallest (cardinal) number of proper subspaces whose union covers $V$. Analogously, define $σ(M,R)$ for a module $M$ over a unital commutative ring $R$; this includes the covering numbers of Abelian groups, which are extensively studied in the literature. Recently, Khare-Tikaradze [Comm. Algebra, in press] showed for several classes of rings $R$ and $R$-modules $M$ that $σ(M,R)=\min_{\mathfrak{m}\in S_M} |R/\mathfrak{m}| + 1$, where $S_M$ is the set of maximal ideals $\mathfrak{m}$ such that $\dim_{R/\mathfrak{m}}(M/\mathfrak{m}M)\geq 2$. (That $σ(M,R)\leq\min_{\mathfrak{m}\in S_M}|R/\mathfrak{m}|+1$ is straightforward.) Our first main result extends this equality to all $R$-modules with small Jacobson radical and finite dual Goldie dimension. We next introduce a topological counterpart for finitely generated $R$-modules $M$ over rings $R$, whose 'some' residue fields are infinite, which we call the Zariski covering number $σ_τ(M,R)$. To do so, we first define the "induced Zariski topology" $τ$ on $M$, and now define $σ_τ(M,R)$ to be the smallest (cardinal) number of proper $τ$-closed subsets of $M$ whose union covers $M$. We first show that our choice of topology implies that $σ_τ(M,R)\leqσ(M,R)$, the covering number. We then show our next main result: $σ_τ(M,R)=\min_{\mathfrak{m}\in S_M} |R/\mathfrak{m}|+1$, for all finitely generated $R$-modules $M$ for which (a) the dual Goldie dimension is finite, and (b) $\mathfrak{m}\notin S_M$ whenever $R/\mathfrak{m}$ is finite. As a corollary, this alternately recovers the above formula for the covering number $σ(M,R)$ of the aforementioned finitely generated modules. We also extend these topological studies to general finitely generated $R$-modules, using the notion of $κ$-Baire spaces.
description: 23 pages. Final version, to appear in Communications in Algebra
Bioinformatics of the HIV-1 AntiSense Protein
Creators: name: Sandoval, Andrés Becerra
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 60102 Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Presentation at ccbcol IV and SolBio VIII

http://ccbcol.org/
Rip & Tear: Deconstructing the Technological and Musical Composition of Mick Gordon's Score for DOOM (2016)
Creators: name: Smith, Barnabas
Publisher: name: The University of Adelaide
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 190409 Musicology and Ethnomusicology
subject: FOS: Arts (arts, history of arts, performing arts, music)
subject: 190202 Computer Gaming and Animation

description: Paper presented at, and published in, the proceedings of, the Australasian Computer Music Conference 2017.
Abstract: The earliest mainstream examples of the first-person shooter game can be traced to the early to mid 1990s, during which one company above most others cultivated a genre that continues to dominant the global video games market. id Software was founded by John Carmack and John Romero, and of all their video games it is perhaps the 1993 DOOM that has been most influential and celebrated. Advancements in technological game development and creativity afforded DOOM exhilarating gameplay, killing monstrous enemies, spurred on by a synthesized, metal-infused soundtrack by Bobby Prince. The 2016 reboot of the serious, similarly titled DOOM, had one of the strongest legacies to live up to in the gaming world. To both respect the series’ lineage and give this new game a distinguishing identity, composer Mick Gordon developed unique technical and musical processes based on a philosophy of energy passing through objects, and so doing, corrupt them.
Constraining the Cosmic Baryon Distribution with Fast Radio Burst Foreground Mapping
Creators: name: Lee, Khee-Gan
name: Ata, Metin
name: Khrykin, Ilya S.
name: Huang, Yuxin
name: Prochaska, J. Xavier
name: Cooke, Jeff
name: Zhang, Jielai
name: Batten, Adam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dispersion measures (DM) of fast radio bursts (FRBs) encode the integrated electron density along the line-of-sight, which is typically dominated by the intergalactic medium (IGM) contribution in the case of extragalactic FRBs. In this paper, we show that incorporating wide-field spectroscopic galaxy survey data in the foreground of localized FRBs can significantly improve constraints on the partition of diffuse cosmic baryons. Using mock DMs and realistic lightcone galaxy catalogs derived from the Millennium simulation, we define spectroscopic surveys that can be carried out with 4m and 8m-class wide field spectroscopic facilities. On these simulated surveys, we carry out Bayesian density reconstructions in order to estimate the foreground matter density field. In comparison with the `true' matter density field, we show that these can help reduce the uncertainties in the foreground structures by $\sim 2-3\times$ compared to cosmic variance. We calculate the Fisher matrix to forecast that $N=30\: (96)$ localized FRBs should be able to constrain the diffuse cosmic baryon fraction to $\sim 10\%\: (\sim 5\%) $, and parameters governing the size and baryon fraction of galaxy circumgalactic halos to within $\sim 20-25\%\: (\sim 8-12\%)$. From the Fisher analysis, we show that the foreground data increases the sensitivity of localized FRBs toward our parameters of interest by $\sim 25\times$. We briefly introduce FLIMFLAM, an ongoing galaxy redshift survey that aims to obtain foreground data on $\sim 30$ localized FRB fields.
description: 27 pages, 12 Figures. Accepted by ApJ
Robust Polarization Gradient Cooling of Trapped Ions
Creators: name: Li, Wenbing
name: Wolf, Sebastian
name: Klein, Lukas
name: Budker, Dmitry
name: Düllmann, Christoph E.
name: Schmidt-Kaler, Ferdinand
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We implement three-dimensional polarization gradient cooling of trapped ions. Counter-propagating laser beams near $393\,$nm impinge in lin$\,\perp\,$lin configuration, at a frequency below the S$_{1/2}$ to P$_{3/2}$ resonance in $^{40}$Ca$^+$. We demonstrate mean phonon numbers of $5.4(4)$ at a trap frequency of $2π\times 285\,$kHz and $3.3(4)$ at $2π\times480\,$kHz, in the axial and radial directions, respectively. Our measurements demonstrate that cooling with laser beams detuned to lower frequencies from the resonance is robust against an elevated phonon occupation number, and thus works well for an initial ion motion far out of the Lamb-Dicke regime, for up to four ions, and for a micromotion modulation index $β\leq 0.1$. Still, we find that the spectral impurity of the laser field influences both, cooling rates and cooling limits. Thus, a Fabry-Pérot cavity filter is employed for efficiently suppressing amplified spontaneous emission of the diode laser.
description: 11 pages and 9 figures
Clear, crashing, turbid and back – long‐term changes in macrophyte assemblages in a shallow lake
Creators: name: Hilt, Sabine
name: Köhler, Jan
name: Adrian, Rita
name: Monaghan, Michael T.
name: Sayer, Carl D.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: biodiversity
subject: eutrophication
subject: restoration
subject: shallow lakes
subject: submerged macrophytes
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::590 Tiere (Zoologie)::590 Tiere (Zoologie)

description: 1 During eutrophication, submerged macrophytes in temperate European shallow lakes are thought to undergo a sequence from seasonally ‘stable’ conditions characterised by high water clarity in spring and summer, through ‘crashing’ conditions where the water is clear in spring but dominated by phytoplankton in late summer, to ‘turbid’ conditions with year‐round phytoplankton dominance. However, it is not known whether this sequence is reversed during re‐oligotrophication and whether this contributes to the often observed delay in macrophyte recovery during lake restoration. 2 We analysed long‐term (100 years) data on macrophyte species presence, maximum colonisation depth, Secchi depth and seston concentration in shallow Lake Müggelsee during eutrophication from around 1900 and during re‐oligotrophication that started in 1990. The current clonal diversity of the dominant species (Potamogeton pectinatus) was investigated to determine whether vegetative dispersal was predominant during its re‐establishment. 3 During eutrophication, Lake Müggelsee went through a crashing phase for c. 70 years with a gradual decline in macrophyte species diversity from c. 24 to 5 species. From around 1970, the lake became turbid and was dominated by phytoplankton for the next 20 years. Following a reduction in external nutrient loading by 50% from 1990, spring clear‐water conditions immediately re‐appeared, and P. pectinatus started to re‐establish from a few stands that had survived in very shallow areas. By 2011, species diversity had increased to 25 species and maximum colonisation depth had reached 3.2 m. Despite a continuing dominance of P. pectinatus, seasonally persistent (Ceratophyllum demersum) and late‐season associated (Najas marina) species re‐appeared suggesting potential for seasonally stable macrophyte conditions in future. 4 Based on microsatellite analyses, more recently established P. pectinatus stands had lower genotype diversity and were comprised of only a small subset of genotypes from shallower areas, suggesting that vegetative dispersal was more important than seed dispersal for plant re‐establishment. We argue that this prevailing reproduction by tubers in combination with negative effects of herbivory and periphyton shading, shown for P. pectinatus in earlier studies in this lake, contributed to the long duration of macrophyte re‐establishment.
On the Cosmic Number Continued
Creators: name: Smith, John
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 20203 Particle Physics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Quantum Mechanics
subject: 10101 Algebra and Number Theory
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Richard Feynman: "There is a most profound and beautiful question associated with the observed coupling constant, e \[Dash] the amplitude for a real electron to emit or absorb a real photon. It is a simple number that has been experimentally determined to be close to 0.08542455. (My physicist friends won't recognize this number, because they like to remember it as the inverse of its square: about 137.03597 with about an uncertainty of about 2 in the last decimal place. It has been a mystery ever since it was discovered more than fifty years ago, and all good theoretical physicists put this number up on their wall and worry about it.) Immediately you would like to know where this number for a coupling comes from: is it related to pi or perhaps to the base of natural logarithms? Nobody knows. It's one of the greatest damn mysteries of physics: a magic number that comes to us with no understanding by man. You might say the "hand of G-d" wrote that number, and "we don't know how He pushed his pencil." We know what kind of a dance to do experimentally to measure this number very accurately, but we don't know what kind of dance to do on the computer to make this number come out, without putting it in secretly!"\^\(1\) In this note, a "computational dance" from which this number emerges without any need to put it in secretly is identified...
Supersolid phases of ultracold bosons trapped in optical lattices dressed with Rydberg $p$-states
Creators: name: Barbier, Mathieu
name: Lütjeharms, Henrik
name: Hofstetter, Walter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Engineering quantum phases with spontaneously broken symmetries is a major goal of research in different fields. Trapped ultracold Rydberg-excited atoms in optical lattices are a promising platform for realizing quantum phases with broken lattice translational symmetry since they are interacting over distances larger than the lattice constant. Although numerous theoretical works on trapped Rydberg-excited gases have predicted such phases, in particular density wave or supersolid phases, their experimental observation proves to be difficult due to challenges such as scattering processes and the limited experimentally achievable coupling strength. Most of these previous studies have focused on isotropically interacting gases dressed with Rydberg $s$-states, while the effect of anisotropic interactions due to Rydberg-excited $p$-states in trapped quantum gases remains much less investigated. Additionally, it was shown that the excitation scheme used to excite Rydberg $p$-states possesses advantages regarding achievable coupling strengths and limitation of scattering processes compared to its $s$-state counterpart, which makes the investigation of Rydberg $p$-state dressed quantum gases even more interesting. In the present work, we study the extended, two-component Bose-Hubbard model, realized with a bosonic quantum gas with Rydberg-excited $p$-states trapped in an optical lattice, within Gutzwiller mean-field theory. We compute the ground state phase diagram and investigate its different regimes. By comparison to the phase diagram of the isotropic case, we find the anisotropic interaction to be more advantageous for the observation of supersolid phases.
Northeast Louisiana University Museum of Zoology 1962-1992
Creators: name: Douglas, Neil H.
Publisher: name: Northeast Louisiana University
Year: 1992
Subjects: Fish
Museum of Zoology
NLU
ULM
Northeast Louisiana University
University of Louisiana Monroe
Fish collection
Ichthyology collection
Texas
Oklahoma
Louisiana
Arkansas
Mississippi
Aquatic biodiversity
Texas Natural History Collections
TNHC
University of Texas Biodiversity Center
University of Texas Biodiversity Collections
marine fishes
freshwater fishes

description: The report documents the history of the Northeast Louisiana University Ichthyology Collection from 1962-1992. It includes an "Introduction" and "History" section and five appendices documenting (I: museum visitors, II: requests for loans, exchanges and gifts, III: researchers receiving materials, IV: institutions and agencies requesting and receiving materials, V: publication citations for the museum. This large regional collection of fishes has since been dispersed among other regional collections as documented here: http://dx.doi.org/10.26153/tsw/2746 (Most of the Texas material was deposited with the University of Texas' Biodiversity Collections under accn# 2019-10).
description: No formal abstract provided in this report.
Constrained Toda hierarchy and turning points of the Ruijsenaars-Schneider model
Creators: name: Krichever, I.
name: Zabrodin, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a new integrable hierarchy of nonlinear differential-difference equations which we call constrained Toda hierarchy (C-Toda). It can be regarded as a certain subhierarchy of the 2D Toda lattice obtained by imposing the constraint $\bar {\cal L}={\cal L}^†$ on the two Lax operators (in the symmetric gauge). We prove the existence of the tau-function of the C-Toda hierarchy and show that it is the square root of the 2D Toda lattice tau-function. In this and some other respects the C-Toda is a Toda analogue of the CKP hierarchy. It is also shown that zeros of the tau-function of elliptic solutions satisfy the dynamical equations of the Ruijsenaars-Schneider model restricted to turning points in the phase space. The spectral curve has holomorphic involution which interchange the marked points in which the Baker-Akhiezer function has essential singularities.
description: 24 pages, no figures
A pulsar wind nebula origin of the LHAASO-detected UHE gamma-ray sources
Creators: name: Breuhaus, M.
name: Reville, B.
name: Hinton, J. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recent measurement by LHAASO of gamma-ray emission extending up to 100s of TeV from multiple Galactic sources represents a major observational step forward in the search for the origin of the Galactic cosmic rays. The burning question is if this ultra-high-energy emission is associated to acceleration of protons and/or nuclei to PeV energies, or can be associated to PeV-electron accelerators. A strong Klein-Nishina suppression of inverse Compton emission at these energies is unavoidable, nevertheless we show here that inverse Compton emission can provide a natural explanation of the measured emission, and that an association to the established PeV-electron accelerating source class of pulsar wind nebulae is also rather natural. However, a clear distinction between different models requires taking into account multi-wavelength data, having good knowledge about the local environmental conditions and, in some cases, to perform multi-source modeling.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
On dispersionless transport in washboard potentials
Creators: name: Marchenko, I. G.
name: Aksenova, V. Yu.
name: Marchenko, I. I.
name: Zhiglo, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 82

description: We reassess the "dispersionless transport regime" of Brownian particles in tilted periodic potentials. We show that the particles exhibit normal diffusive motion right after transitioning into the running state dragged by the constant bias force. No special transient dynamics appears, contrary to conjectures in the previous studies. The observed flat segment in the dispersion evolution curve is solely due to the broad spatial distribution of particles formed in the early superdiffusion stage. We quantitatively describe the whole evolution of the distribution function during superdiffusion and the transition to the normal diffusion that follows, in the framework of the 2-well potential in the velocity space model. We show that the superdiffusion exponent is $α=3$. Estimate of the duration of the ostensible "dispersionless regime" is provided. It is shown to diverge exponentially as the temperature decreases to zero.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures
Partnerschaftsstabilität in Zeiten multipler Krisen. Wie privat werden gesellschaftliche Herausforderungen?
Creators: name: Neuwirth, Norbert
name: Dörfler-Bolt, Sonja
name: Wurm, Lorenz
Publisher: name: University of Vienna. Project: Family Studies in Austria
Year: 2024
Subjects: Trennung
Paarbeziehung
Partnerschaftsstabilität
Krisensituation

description: Partnerschaften scheinen über die letzten Jahrzehnte volatiler zu werden. Die vorliegende Studie zeigt das Ausmaß der wesentlichen Einflussgrößen auf die individuelle Trennungsneigung, wie sie anhand der Erhebungswelle 2022/23 des Generations and Gender Programme (GGP) in Österreich identifiziert werden konnten.
Additional file 1 of Relationship of arterial tonometry and exercise in patients with chronic heart failure: a systematic review with meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis
Creators: name: Gong, Xiaodan
name: Hu, Mengwen
name: Li, Mei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: Medicine
Biotechnology
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Cancer
Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Fig. S1. Risk of bias of all included articles. Fig. S2. Trial sequential analysis for flow-mediated dilation between patients with chronic heart failure and healthy participants. Fig. S3. Trial sequential analysis for flow-mediated dilation between patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction and healthy participants. Fig. S4. Trial sequential analysis for flow-mediated dilation between patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction and healthy participants. Fig. S5. Trial sequential analysis for flow-mediated dilation in patients with chronic heart failure in the cases of exercise and non-exercise. Fig. S6. Trial sequential analysis for flow-mediated dilation in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction in the cases of exercise and non-exercise. Fig. S7. Trial sequential analysis for flow-mediated dilation in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction in the cases of exercise and non-exercise. Fig. S8. Trial sequential analysis for flow-mediated dilation in patients with chronic heart failure in the cases of moderate-intensity exercise training and non-exercise training. Fig. S9. Trial sequential analysis for flow-mediated dilation in patients with chronic heart failure in the cases of high-intensity exercise training and non-exercise training. Fig. S10. Trial sequential analysis for flow-mediated dilation in patients with chronic heart failure in the cases of high-intensity exercise training and moderate-intensity exercise training. Fig. S11. Trial sequential analysis for augmentation Index between patients with chronic heart failure and healthy participants. Fig. S12. Trial sequential analysis for augmentation Index between patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction and healthy participants. Fig. S13. Trial sequential analysis for augmentation Index between patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction and healthy participants. Fig. S14. Sensitivity analysis of flow-mediated dilation in patients with chronic heart failure and healthy participants. Fig. S15. Sensitivity analysis of augmentation index in patients with chronic heart failure and healthy participants. Fig. S16. Sensitivity analysis of flow-mediated dilation in patients with chronic heart failure in the cases of exercise and non-exercise.
title: 02_1634
Creators: name: Wesley Baldwin, John
name: Baldwin, John W.
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: L'ensemble de ces notes ont été crée par John Baldwin lors d'une de ses premières périodes de résidence à Paris. Ces documents comprennent tous les magistri qu’il avait pu rencontrer dans ses sources. Aux XIIème et XIIIème siècles, les universités n'existant pas encore, le titre de magister s'il évoque certainement une compétence n'est pas rattaché de façon systématique au passage par les écoles. De surcroît, les magistris sont le plus souvent désignés par leur seul prénom. La lecture de ces données est donc difficile et suppose un long travail pour tenter d'identifier un individu auquel on pourrait rattacher plusieurs mentions. John Baldwin avait donc renoncé à utiliser ces données pour donner un prolongement à sa magnifique étude sur les gradués d'université et leur emploi par les Capétiens et les Plantagenêts. Néanmoins, il a conservé ces données et elles sont potentiellement très utile dans le cadre de Studium, comme le sont toutes les mentions dans les volumes des Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae de chanoines portant ce titre de magister sans autres précisions. L'ampleur des dépouillements rend ces données très utiles et nous devons une grande reconnaissance à John Baldwin pour avoir pris la peine de faire photocopier ses fiches et de nous les avoir transmises amicalement.
Les données ainsi que les images des fiches sont accessibles sur le site Internet à l'adresse suivante : http://studium-baldwin.lamop.fr/.
Les transcriptions des fiches ont été effectuées par des étudiants de Paris 1 Panthéon - Sorbonne mais elles n'ont pas été corrigées par la suite.
description: Relation: https://lamop.hypotheses.org/
title: Un index
title: Tous les objets trouvés dans les 69 livres publiés par art&fiction entre 2000 et 2009
titleType: Subtitle
title: Un index
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Rogg, Aline
Publisher: name: art&fiction
Year: 2010

description: Publié à l'occasion de l'exposition "Mode de vie, 2000-2010, un index", du 18 février au 31 mai 2010 à la Bibliothèque cantonale et universitaire de Lausanne
Additional file 1 of Is body mass index associated with irregular menstruation: a questionnaire study?
Creators: name: Tang, Yunhui
name: Chen, Yan
name: Feng, Hua
name: Zhu, Chen
name: Tong, Mancy
name: Chen, Qi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Questionnaire.
The Effect of Quark-antiquark Confinement on the Deflection Angle by the NED Black Hole
Creators: name: Sucu, Erdem
name: Övgün, Ali
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this study, we explore the influence of quark-antiquark confinement on the deflection angle within the framework of nonlinear electrodynamic (NED) black holes. To achieve this, we establish the appropriate optical spacetime metric and subsequently determine the Gaussian optical curvature. Utilizing the Gauss-Bonnet theorem, we investigate the impact of quark-antiquark confinement on the deflection angle exhibited by NED black holes. Additionally, we delve into the effects of a cold non-magnetized plasma medium and also axion-plasmon on gravitational lensing. Our findings highlight the significance of the axion-plasmon effect on the optical properties of NED black holes, particularly its influence on gravitational lensing. This exploration is particularly relevant in the context of the axion's potential role as a dark matter candidate. The multifaceted interplay between quark-antiquark confinement, nonlinear electrodynamics, and plasma dynamics provides a nuanced understanding of gravitational lensing phenomena. These insights contribute to ongoing research in dark matter studies and offer avenues for further theoretical and observational investigations in astrophysics.
description: 13 pages. Two-column. Accepted for publication in Physics of the Dark Universe
An introduction to axions and their detection
Creators: name: Irastorza, Igor G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In these notes I try to introduce the reader to the topic of axions: their theoretical motivation and expected phenomenology, their role in astrophysics and as dark matter candidate, and the experimental techniques to detect them. Special emphasis is made in this last point, for which a relatively updated review of worldwide efforts and future prospects is made. The material is intended as an introduction to the topic, and it was prepared as lecture notes for Les Houches summer school 2021. Abundant references are included to direct the reader to deeper insight on the different aspects of axion physics.
description: Submitted to SciPost Physics Lecture Notes, Les Houches Summer School Series. Second version after referees comments
The Dynamic Time Warping as a Means to Assess Solar Wind Time Series
Creators: name: Samara, Evangelia
name: Laperre, Brecht
name: Kieokaew, Rungployphan
name: Temmer, Manuela
name: Verbeke, Christine
name: Rodriguez, Luciano
name: Magdalenic, Jasmina
name: Poedts, Stefaan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: During the last decades, international attempts have been made to develop realistic space weather prediction tools aiming to forecast the conditions on the Sun and in the interplanetary environment. These efforts have led to the development of appropriate metrics in order to assess the performance of those tools. Metrics are necessary to validate models, compare different models and monitor improvements of a certain model over time. In this work, we introduce the Dynamic Time Warping (DTW) as an alternative way to evaluate the performance of models and, in particular, to quantify differences between observed and modeled solar wind time series. We present the advantages and drawbacks of this method as well as applications to WIND observations and EUHFORIA predictions at Earth. We show that DTW can warp sequences in time, aiming to align them with the minimum cost by using dynamic programming. It can be applied in two ways for the evaluation of modeled solar wind time series. The first, calculates the sequence similarity factor (SSF), a number that provides a quantification of how good the forecast is, compared to an ideal and a non-ideal prediction scenarios. The second way quantifies the time and amplitude differences between the points that are best matched between the two sequences. As a result, DTW can serve as a hybrid metric between continuous measurements (e.g., the correlation coefficient), and point-by-point comparisons. It is a promising technique for the assessment of solar wind profiles providing at once the most complete evaluation portrait of a model.
description: Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal (ApJ) in January 2022. (Comment: Section 5 has been updated as well as a number of figures, compared to the previous version. None of them affected the final results and conclusions. Also, a number of typos have been corrected)