cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Fault delineation and stress orientations from the analysis of background, low magnitude seismicity in Southern Apennines (Italy)
Creators: name: Matrullo, Emanuela <1984>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2012
Subjects: GEO/10 Geofisica della terra solida

description: The aim of this work was to show that refined analyses of background, low magnitude seismicity allow to delineate the main  active faults and to accurately estimate the directions of the regional tectonic stress that characterize the Southern Apennines (Italy), a structurally complex area with high seismic potential. 
Thanks the presence in the area of an integrated dense and wide dynamic network, was possible to analyzed an high quality microearthquake data-set consisting of 1312 events that occurred from August 2005 to April 2011 by integrating the data recorded at 42 seismic stations of various networks.  The refined seismicity location and focal mechanisms well delineate a system  of  NW-SE striking normal faults along the Apenninic chain and an approximately E-W oriented, strike-slip fault, transversely cutting the belt. The seismicity along the chain does not occur on a single fault but in a volume, delimited by the faults activated during the 1980 Irpinia M 6.9 earthquake, on sub-parallel predominant normal faults. Results show that the recent low magnitude earthquakes belongs to the background seismicity and they are likely generated along the major fault segments activated during the most recent earthquakes, suggesting that they are still active today thirty years after the mainshock occurrences. In this sense, this study gives a new perspective to the application of the high quality records of low magnitude background seismicity for the identification and characterization of active fault systems.
The analysis of the stress tensor inversion provides two equivalent models to explain the microearthquake generation along both the NW-SE striking normal faults and the E- W oriented fault with a dominant dextral strike-slip motion, but having different geological interpretations. 
We suggest that the NW-SE-striking Africa-Eurasia convergence acts in the background of all these structures, playing a primary and unifying role in the seismotectonics of the whole region.
Empirically estimating the distribution of the loudest candidate from a gravitational-wave search
Creators: name: Tenorio, Rodrigo
name: Modafferi, Luana M.
name: Keitel, David
name: Sintes, Alicia M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Searches for gravitational-wave signals are often based on maximizing a detection statistic over a bank of waveform templates, covering a given parameter space with a variable level of correlation. Results are often evaluated using a noise-hypothesis test, where the background is characterized by the sampling distribution of the loudest template. In the context of continuous gravitational-wave searches, properly describing said distribution is an open problem: current approaches focus on a particular detection statistic and neglect template-bank correlations. We introduce a new approach using extreme value theory to describe the distribution of the loudest template's detection statistic in an arbitrary template bank. Our new proposal automatically generalizes to a wider class of detection statistics, including (but not limited to) line-robust statistics and transient continuous-wave signal hypotheses, and improves the estimation of the expected maximum detection statistic at a negligible computing cost. The performance of our proposal is demonstrated on simulated data as well as by applying it to different kinds of (transient) continuous-wave searches using O2 Advanced LIGO data. We release an accompanying Python software package, distromax, implementing our new developments.
description: 24 pages, 23 figures, comments welcome. Package freely available in https://github.com/Rodrigo-Tenorio/distromax
Non-universal scalar mass scenario with Higgs funnel region of SUSY dark matter: a signal-based analysis for the Large Hadron Collider
Creators: name: Bhattacharya, Subhaditya
name: Chattopadhyay, Utpal
name: Choudhury, Debajyoti
name: Das, Debottam
name: Mukhopadhyaya, Biswarup
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform a multilepton channel analysis in the context of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) for Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) compatible points in a model with non-universal scalar masses, which admits a Higgs funnel region of supersymmetry dark matter even for a small $\tanβ$. In addition to two and three-lepton final states, four-lepton events, too, are shown to be useful for this purpose. We also compare the collider signatures in similar channels for WMAP compatible points in the minimal supergravity (mSUGRA) framework with similar gluino masses. Some definite features of such non-universal scenario emerge from the analysis.
description: 34 pages and 4 Postscript figures. Clarifications, tables as well as a few references added and typos removed. Version consistent with the published paper in Phys. Rev. D.
The sea voyages of Edgar Allan Poe
Creators: name: Foucault, Barbara Haran
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The sea tales of Edgar Allan Poe—"MS Found in a Bottle", The Narrative of Arthur Gordon Pym, and "A Descent into the Maelstrom"—form an interesting group that has often been overlooked. Together they deal with the problem of the fragmented personality, a theme that lay at the heart of many of Poe's tales. The sea is the arena in which the fundamental struggle against psychic division takes place. In testing a man to his limits, the sea also reveals new possibilities and new knowledge. Poe was a literary sailor coming to the sea not as an experienced hand as Melville and Conrad do, but rather in a symbolic way as the sea and sea experience had come down through the ages. The sea and sea voyage were potent and traditional symbols in literature. Poe approached this symbolic heritage from the view point of his time and place—as a nineteenth century American and Romantic. The sea permeates the "MS Found in a Bottle", The Narrative of Arthur Gordon Pym, and "A Descent into the Maelstrom". The loneliness and isolation of the sailor amidst the vast ocean symbolize the alienation of man in the universe and within a divided personality. But the triumph that the sea holds out to the man who can grasp it is an equally fundamental aspect of these tales, and helps to set this group apart from those other tales which explore this breakdown of personality from another angle—such as "The Fall of the House of Usher". Each of Poe's sailors comes to an understanding of his experience and lives and acts upon that new found knowledge, and that knowledge is found in the ebb and flow of the ocean's vast currents. Each of Poe's sailors is dominated by one facet of his personality. Other concerns are abandoned as that one faculty is pushed to its limits. But just as the ship at sea is a world unto itself and an able captain a master of diverse forces, so also do Poe's mariners seek triumph, salvation, and knowledge in the integration of their personalities. In realizing the limitations of the narrowness that dominates their worldview, they see possibilities for new achievement and understanding in the widening of the angle of perception. Poe's mariners grow from that moment of perception. They come to see the interdependence of their separate faculties reflected in the interdependence in the world of nature. In surrendering to the terror and beauty of nature they find themselves anew. They come to appreciate the community that exists among men, and each is at pains to share his new found knowledge.
Fingerprint Recognition: Enhancement, Feature Extraction and Automatic Evaluation of Algorithms
Creators: name: Turroni, Francesco <1983>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2012
Subjects: INF/01 Informatica

description: The identification of people by measuring some traits of individual anatomy or physiology has led to a specific research area called biometric recognition. This thesis is focused on improving fingerprint recognition systems considering three important problems: fingerprint enhancement, fingerprint orientation extraction and automatic evaluation of fingerprint algorithms. 
An effective extraction of salient fingerprint features depends on the quality of the input fingerprint. If the fingerprint is very noisy, we are not able to detect a reliable set of features. A new fingerprint enhancement method, which is both iterative and contextual, is proposed. This approach detects high-quality regions in fingerprints, selectively applies contextual filtering and iteratively expands like wildfire toward low-quality ones.
A precise estimation of the orientation field would greatly simplify the estimation of other fingerprint features (singular points, minutiae) and improve the performance of a fingerprint recognition system. The fingerprint orientation extraction is improved following two directions. First, after the introduction of a new taxonomy of fingerprint orientation extraction methods, several variants of baseline methods are implemented and, pointing out the role of pre- and post- processing, we show how to improve the extraction. Second, the introduction of a new hybrid orientation extraction method, which follows an adaptive scheme, allows to improve significantly the orientation extraction in noisy fingerprints.
Scientific papers typically propose recognition systems that integrate many modules  and therefore an automatic evaluation of fingerprint algorithms is needed to isolate the contributions that determine an actual progress in the state-of-the-art. The lack of a publicly available framework to compare fingerprint orientation extraction algorithms, motivates the introduction of a new benchmark area called FOE (including fingerprints and manually-marked orientation ground-truth) along with fingerprint matching benchmarks in the FVC-onGoing framework. The success of such framework is discussed by providing relevant statistics: more than 1450 algorithms submitted and two international competitions.
The moduli space of stable quotients
Creators: name: Marian, A.
name: Oprea, D.
name: Pandharipande, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A moduli space of stable quotients of the rank n trivial sheaf on stable curves is introduced. Over nonsingular curves, the moduli space is Grothendieck's Quot scheme. Over nodal curves, a relative construction is made to keep the torsion of the quotient away from the singularities. New compactifications of classical spaces arise naturally: a nonsingular and irreducible compactification of the moduli of maps from genus 1 curves to projective space is obtained. Localization on the moduli of stable quotients leads to new relations in the tautological ring generalizing Brill-Noether constructions. The moduli space of stable quotients is proven to carry a canonical 2-term obstruction theory and thus a virtual class. The resulting system of descendent invariants is proven to equal the Gromov-Witten theory of the Grassmannian in all genera. Stable quotients can also be used to study Calabi-Yau geometries. The conifold is calculated to agree with stable maps. Several questions about the behavior of stable quotients for arbitrary targets are raised.
description: 50 pages
Additional file 1 of Decreased annual risk of tuberculosis infection in South Korean healthcare workers using interferon-gamma release assay between 1986 and 2005
Creators: name: Lee, Eun Hye
name: Son, Nak-Hoon
name: Kwak, Se Hyun
name: Choi, Ji Soo
name: Kim, Min Chul
name: Seol, Chang Hwan
name: Kim, Sung-Ryeol
name: Park, Byung Hoon
name: Kang, Young Ae
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Figure 1. Predictive value of Age for IGRA positivity.
Symmetry of anomalous dimension matrices explained
Creators: name: Seymour, Michael H.
name: Sjodahl, Malin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a previous paper, one of us pointed out that the anomalous dimension matrices for all physical processes that have been calculated to date are complex symmetric, if stated in an orthonormal basis. In this paper we prove this fact and show that it is only true in a subset of all possible orthonormal bases, but that this subset is the natural one to use for physical calculations.
description: 4 pages
Συστήματα συστάσεων στην επιστήμη των δεδομένων : τεχνικές και εφαρμογές
Creators: name: Τρούσας, Σωτήριος
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Πειραιώς
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Συστήματα συστάσεων
subject: Μηχανική μάθηση
subject: Στατιστικές τεχνικές
subject: Recommender systems

description: Τα Συστήματα Συστάσεων (RS) είναι εξαιρετικά δημοφιλή στη σύγχρονη εποχή. Ίσως δεν είναι υπερβολή να τα χαρακτηρίσουμε ως ένα από τα πιο ισχυρά εργαλεία της Μηχανικής Μάθησης, αφού εφαρμόζονται σήμερα σε ευρεία κλίμακα και πληθώρα τομέων. Ένας από τους χαρακτηριστικότερους τομείς είναι το ηλεκτρονικό εμπόριο, όπου τα Συστήματα Συστάσεων χρησιμοποιούνται με σκοπό να προωθήσουν και να αυξήσουν τις πωλήσεις των ηλεκτρονικών καταστημάτων. Τα Συστήματα Συστάσεων στοχεύουν στην πρόβλεψη των ενδιαφερόντων των χρηστών και στη δημιουργία προτάσεων που είναι πιθανό να επιλέξει ο χρήστης. Τα δεδομένα που απαιτούνται για τη λειτουργία ενός τέτοιου συστήματος πηγάζουν συνήθως από αναζητήσεις στις μηχανές αναζήτησης καθώς και το ιστορικό αγορών ή από άλλες πληροφορίες σχετικά με τους ίδιους τους χρήστες και τα προϊόντα που αυτοί έχουν επιλέξει στο παρελθόν. Ιστότοποι όπως το Google, το Netflix, το Spotify, η Amazon κτλ χρησιμοποιούν τέτοια δεδομένα για τη δημιουργία συστάσεων, οι οποίες δεν είναι κοινές σε όλους τους χρήστες, αλλά εξατομικευμένες, βασιζόμενες στις προτιμήσεις του κάθε χρήστη. Στόχος αυτής της εργασίας είναι η θεωρητική περιγραφή των Συστημάτων Συστάσεων και η εφαρμογή, στη συνέχεια, της μεθοδολογίας που θα περιγραφεί σε ένα σύνολο πραγματικών δεδομένων ταινιών. Έτσι, στα πλαίσια της παρούσας διπλωματικής, αφού ολοκληρώθηκε η στατιστική ανάλυση σχετικών δεδομένων, κατασκευάστηκε ένα RS που ανήκει στην κατηγορία Content Based Recommender Systems, χρησιμοποιώντας ένα μοντέλο λογιστικής παλινδρόμησης. Στη συνέχεια, κατασκευάστηκαν δύο RSs της κατηγορίας Collaborative Filtering. Το πρώτο, με τη βοήθεια της τεχνικής Singular Value Decomposition-SVD και το δεύτερο με τη βοήθεια της τεχνικής Alternating Least Squares-ALS. Η σύγκριση και των τριών RSs έγινε με χρήση των μετρικών απόδοσης Precision, Recall και F1-Score. Το σύστημα συστάσεων με την καλύτερη απόδοση ήταν αυτό της τεχνικής Singular Value Decomposition, και ως εκ τούτου ήταν αυτό που χρησιμοποιήθηκε για να παραχθούν συστάσεις.
Additional file 2 of Decreased annual risk of tuberculosis infection in South Korean healthcare workers using interferon-gamma release assay between 1986 and 2005
Creators: name: Lee, Eun Hye
name: Son, Nak-Hoon
name: Kwak, Se Hyun
name: Choi, Ji Soo
name: Kim, Min Chul
name: Seol, Chang Hwan
name: Kim, Sung-Ryeol
name: Park, Byung Hoon
name: Kang, Young Ae
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2: Table 1. IGRA positivity according to occupation and working department.
Characterization and exploiment of Microbial Strains to be used in Meat Processing and Fermentation
Creators: name: Dei Più, Lucilla <1981>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2012
Subjects: AGR/16 Microbiologia agraria

description: The principal aim of this research project has been the evaluation of the specific role of yeasts in ripening processes of dry-cured meat products, i.e. speck and in salami produced by adding  Lactobacilli starter cultures, i.e. L. sakei, L. casei, L. fermentum, L. rhamnosus, L.sakei + S.xylosus.
In particular the contribution of the predominant yeasts to the hydrolytic patterns of meat proteins has been studied both in model system and in real products. In fact, although several papers have been published on the microbial, enzymatic, aromatic and chemical characterization of dry-cured meat e.g. ham over ripening, the specific role of yeasts has been often underestimated.
 Therefore this research work has been focused on the following aspects:
1.	Characterization of the yeasts and lactic acid bacteria in samples of speck produced by different farms and analyzed during the various production and ripening phases
2.	Characterization of the superficial or internal yeasts population in salami produced with or without the use of lactobacilli as starter cultures
3.	Molecular characterization of different strains of yeasts and detection of the dominant biotypes able to survive despite environmental stress factors (such as smoke, salt)
4.	Study of the proteolytic profiles of speck and salami during the ripening process and comparison with the proteolytic profiles produced in meat model systems by a relevant number of yeasts isolated from speck and salami
5.	Study of the proteolytic profiles of Lactobacilli starter cultures in meat model systems
6.	Comparative statistical analysis of the proteolytic profiles to find possible relationships between specific bands and peptides and specific microorganisms
7.	Evaluation of the aromatic characteristics of speck and salami to assess relationships among the metabolites released by the starter cultures or the dominant microflora
Third-order relativistic dissipative hydrodynamics
Creators: name: El, A.
name: Xu, Z.
name: Greiner, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Following the procedure introduced by Israel and Stewart, we expand the entropy current up to the third order in the shear stress tensor $π^{αβ}$ and derive a novel third-order evolution equation for $π^{αβ}$. This equation is solved for the one-dimensional Bjorken boost-invariant expansion. The scaling solutions for various values of the shear viscosity to the entropy density ratio $η/s$ are shown to be in very good agreement with those obtained from kinetic transport calculations. For the pressure isotropy starting with 1 at $τ_0=0.4 fm/c$, the third-order corrections to Israel-Stewart theory are approximately 10\% for $η/s=0.2$ and more than a factor of 2 for $η/s=3$. We also estimate all higher-order corrections to Israel-Stewart theory and demonstrate their importance in describing highly viscous matters.
description: Version published in Phys.Rev.C. 5 pages, 1 figure
Le Front Polisario : Examen d’un défi sécuritaire évolutif en Afrique du Nord.
Creators: name: Nali, Jalal
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 440217
subject: Terrorism
classificationCode: 440899
subject: Political science not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 430318
subject: Middle Eastern and North African history
classificationCode: 480303
subject: Conflict of laws (incl. private international law)

description: Cet article examine l’évolution du Front Polisario depuis sa création en 1973 jusqu’à présent, en analysant si sa classification traditionnelle comme mouvement de libération nationale reste pertinente dans le contexte sécuritaire contemporain. À travers une analyse approfondie de ses actions, de son impact sur la stabilité régionale et de son positionnement dans le paysage sécuritaire actuel de l’Afrique du Nord et de la région euro-méditerranéenne, cette étude soutient que le Front Polisario présente de plus en plus les caractéristiques d’une organisation terroriste plutôt que d’un mouvement de libération légitime. L’article s’appuie sur des preuves documentées d’attaques contre des civils, le rejet persistant de solutions diplomatiques, et les préoccupations concernant ses liens potentiels avec des réseaux extrémistes opérant dans la région du Sahel. Cette réévaluation n’est pas simplement une question de positionnement politique mais reflète l’application de cadres de sécurité contemporains qui privilégient la protection des civils, la stabilité régionale et les efforts de lutte contre le terrorisme. L’article conclut que la désignation du Front Polisario comme organisation terroriste serait conforme à son comportement actuel et contribuerait à une approche plus cohérente des défis sécuritaires en Afrique du Nord.
Single top production in association with a $WZ$ pair at the LHC in the SMEFT
Creators: name: Faham, Hesham El
name: Maltoni, Fabio
name: Mimasu, Ken
name: Zaro, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study single top quark production in association with a $WZ$ pair at the LHC in the context of the Standard Model (SM) and the Standard Model Effective Field Theory (SMEFT). A significant advantage of $tWZ$ compared to other EW top production processes is its sensitivity to unitarity-violating behaviour induced in its $2\to2$ sub-amplitudes through modified EW interactions. At NLO in QCD, $tWZ$ interferes with $t\bar{t}Z$ and $t\bar{t}$ and a method to meaningfully separate it from these overlapping processes needs to be employed. In order to define $tWZ$ production for total rates and differential distributions, we consider the approaches proposed in the literature for similar cases and find that diagram-removal procedures provide reliable results both for the SM and the SMEFT in a suitably defined phase-space region. We provide robust results for total and differential cross sections for $tWZ$ at 13 TeV, including the six relevant dimension-6 operators ($\mathcal{O}_{tW}$,$\mathcal{O}_{tZ}$,$\mathcal{O}_{tG}$,$\mathcal{O}_{ϕQ}^{(-)}$,$\mathcal{O}_{ϕQ}^{(3)}$,$\mathcal{O}_{ϕt}$), also matching short-distance events to parton shower.
description: 33 pages with tables and figures. v2: minor typos are fixed. v3: minor typos are fixed, v4: minor typos are fixed, version accepted by JHEP
Chandra ACIS Survey of M33 (ChASeM33): The enigmatic X-ray emission from IC131
Creators: name: Tuellmann, R.
name: Long, K. S.
name: Pannuti, T. G.
name: Winkler, P. F.
name: Gaetz, T. J.
name: Plucinsky, P. P.
name: Williams, B. F.
name: Kuntz, K. D.
name: Pietsch, W.
name: Blair, W. P.
name: Haberl, F.
name: Smith, R. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first X-ray analysis of the diffuse hot ionized gas and the point sources in IC131, after NGC604 the second most X-ray luminous giant HII region in M33. The X-ray emission is detected only in the south eastern part of IC131 (named IC131-se) and is limited to an elliptical region of ~200pc in extent. This region appears to be confined towards the west by a hemispherical shell of warm ionized gas and only fills about half that volume. Although the corresponding X-ray spectrum has 1215 counts, it cannot conclusively be told whether the extended X-ray emission is thermal, non-thermal, or a combination of both. A thermal plasma model of kT_e=4.3keV or a single power law of Gamma=2.1 fit the spectrum equally well. If the spectrum is purely thermal (non-thermal), the total unabsorbed X-ray luminosity in the 0.35-8keV energy band amounts to L_X = 6.8(8.7)x10^35erg/s. Among other known HII regions IC131-se seems to be extreme regarding the combination of its large extent of the X-ray plasma, the lack of massive O stars, its unusually high electron temperature (if thermal), and the large fraction of L_X emitted above 2keV (~40-53%). A thermal plasma of ~4keV poses serious challenges to theoretical models, as it is not clear how high electron temperatures can be produced in HII regions in view of mass-proportional and collisionless heating. If the gas is non-thermal or has non-thermal contributions, synchrotron emission would clearly dominate over inverse Compton emission. It is not clear if the same mechanisms which create non-thermal X-rays or accelerate CRs in SNRs can be applied to much larger scales of 200pc. In both cases the existing theoretical models for giant HII regions and superbubbles do not explain the hardness and extent of the X-ray emission in IC131-se.
description: 28 pages, 7 figures and 2 tables. Accepted for publication in ApJ. For a high resolution version of the paper see http://hea-www.harvard.edu/vlp_m33_public/publications.html
Possible resolution of the B -> pi pi, pi K puzzles
Creators: name: Li, Hsiang-nan
name: Mishima, Satoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that there exist uncanceled soft divergences in the k_T factorization for nonfactorizable amplitudes of two-body nonleptonic B meson decays, similar to those identified in hadron hadroproduction. These divergences can be grouped into a soft factor using the eikonal approximation, which is then treated as an additional nonperturbative input in the perturbative QCD formalism. Viewing the special role of the pion as a q-qbar bound state and as a pseudo Nambu-Goldstone boson, we postulate that the soft effect associated with it is significant. This soft factor enhances the nonfactorizable color-suppressed tree amplitudes, such that the branching ratios B(pi^0 pi^0) and B(pi^0 rho^0) are increased under the constraint of the B(rho^0 rho^0) data, the difference between the direct CP asymmetries A_{CP}(pi^\mp K^\pm) and A_{CP}(pi^0 K^\pm) is enlarged, and the mixing-induced CP asymmetry S_{pi^0 K_S} is reduced. Namely, the known pi pi and pi K puzzles can be resolved simultaneously.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures; detailed explanations on the existence and factorization of the Glauber divergence and references added, title changed, version to appear in Phys. Rev. D
(p+1)-Algebra for Super p-Brane: the Nambu Bracket Reformulation
Creators: name: Kamani, Davoud
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We express the covariant actions of a super p-brane and the corresponding equations of motion, in the flat and curved superspaces, in terms of the Nambu (p+1)-brackets. These brackets make the (p+1)-algebra structure of super p-brane manifest. For the flat superspace, this reconstruction of the action also allows reformulating it in terms of two sets of differential forms.
description: 10 pages, Latex, no figure. Some new formulas have been added
What really makes an accretion disc MAD
Creators: name: Begelman, Mitchell C.
name: Scepi, Nicolas
name: Dexter, Jason
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetically arrested accretion discs (MADs) around black holes (BH) have the potential to stimulate the production of powerful jets and account for recent ultra-high-resolution observations of BH environments. Their main properties are usually attributed to the accumulation of dynamically significant net magnetic (vertical) flux throughout the arrested region, which is then regulated by interchange instabilities. Here we propose instead that it is mainly a dynamically important {\it toroidal} field -- the result of dynamo action triggered by the significant but still relatively weak vertical field -- that defines and regulates the properties of MADs. We suggest that rapid convection-like instabilities, involving interchange of toroidal flux tubes and operating concurrently with the magnetorotatonal instability (MRI), can regulate the structure of the disc and the escape of net flux. We generalize the convective stability criteria and disc structure equations to include the effects of a strong toroidal field and show that convective flows could be driven towards two distinct marginally stable states, one of which we associate with MADs. We confirm the plausibility of our theoretical model by comparing its quantitative predictions to simulations of both MAD and SANE (strongly magnetized but not "arrested") discs, and suggest a set of criteria that could help to distinguish MADs from other accretion states. Contrary to previous claims in the literature, we argue that MRI is not suppressed in MADs and is probably responsible for the existence of the strong toroidal field.
description: 12 pages, 11 Figures, Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Additional file 1 of Role of small private drug shops in malaria and tuberculosis programs in Myanmar: a cross-sectional study
Creators: name: Thet, May Me
name: Khaing, Myat Noe Thiri
name: Zin, Su Su
name: Oo, Sandar
name: Aung, Ye Kyaw
name: Thein, Si Thu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Qualitative question guides.
A variational approach based on perturbed eigenvalue analysis for improving spectral properties of isogeometric multipatch discretizations
Creators: name: Nguyen, Thi-Hoa
name: Hiemstra, René R.
name: Stoter, Stein K. F.
name: Schillinger, Dominik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A key advantage of isogeometric discretizations is their accurate and well-behaved eigenfrequencies and eigenmodes. For degree two and higher, however, optical branches of spurious outlier frequencies and modes may appear due to boundaries or reduced continuity at patch interfaces. In this paper, we introduce a variational approach based on perturbed eigenvalue analysis that eliminates outlier frequencies without negatively affecting the accuracy in the remainder of the spectrum and modes. We then propose a pragmatic iterative procedure that estimates the perturbation parameters in such a way that the outlier frequencies are effectively reduced. We demonstrate that our approach allows for a much larger critical time-step size in explicit dynamics calculations. In addition, we show that the critical time-step size obtained with the proposed approach does not depend on the polynomial degree of spline basis functions.
Were climatic forcings the main driver for mid-holocene changes in settlement dynamics on the Varamin Plain (Central Iranian Plateau)?
Creators: name: Kirsten, Fabian
name: Dallmeyer, Anne
name: Bernbeck, Reinhard
name: Böhmer, Thomas
name: Busch, Robert
name: Hessari, Morteza
name: Pollock, Susan
name: Schütt, Brigitta
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: mid-holocene change
subject: settlement dynamic
subject: Varamin Plain
subject: Central Iranian Plateau
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::550 Geowissenschaften, Geologie::550 Geowissenschaften

description: Settlement crises in ancient cultures of Western Asia are commonly thought to be caused by climatic events such as severe droughts. However, the insufficient climate proxy situation in this region challenges the inference of clear relationships between climate and settlement dynamics. We investigate the Holocene climatic changes on the Varamin Plain in the context of the climatic history of Western Central Asia by using a transient comprehensive Earth System Model simulation (8 ka BP to pre-industrial), a high-resolution regional snapshot simulation and a synthesis of pollen-based climate reconstructions. In line with the reconstructions, the models reveal only slightly varying mean climatic conditions on the Varamin Plain but indicate substantial changes in seasonality during the Holocene. Increased precipitation during spring, combined with lower temperature and potentially stronger snow accumulation on the upstream Alborz mountains may have led to an increased water supply on the alluvial fan during the vegetation period and thus to more favourable conditions for agricultural production during the Mid-Holocene compared to modern times. According to the model, dry periods on the Central Iranian Plateau are related to particularly weak Westerly winds, fostering the subsidence in the mid-troposphere and hampering precipitation over the region. The model reveals that dry periods have spatially heterogenous manifestations, thus explaining why they do not appear in all proxy records in the wider study region. In fact, the climatic signal may depend on local environmental conditions. The interaction of the topography with the atmospheric circulation leads to additional spatial heterogeneity. Although our results provide several indications for a connection between climate and settlement dynamics, the small overall changes in moisture call into question whether climate is the main driver for settlement discontinuities on the Central Iranian Plateau. To shed further light on this issue, more high-resolution long-term proxy records are needed.
Additional file 2 of Role of small private drug shops in malaria and tuberculosis programs in Myanmar: a cross-sectional study
Creators: name: Thet, May Me
name: Khaing, Myat Noe Thiri
name: Zin, Su Su
name: Oo, Sandar
name: Aung, Ye Kyaw
name: Thein, Si Thu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2. Quantitative Survey Questionnaire.
The BLG Theory in Light-Cone Superspace
Creators: name: Belyaev, Dmitry
name: Brink, Lars
name: Kim, Sung-Soo
name: Ramond, Pierre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The light-cone superspace version of the d=3, N=8 superconformal theory of Bagger, Lambert and Gustavsson (BLG) is obtained as a solution to constraints imposed by OSp(2,2|8) superalgebra. The Hamiltonian of the theory is shown to be a quadratic form of the dynamical supersymmetry transformation.
description: 45 pages, v2: reference added, minor typos corrected, published version
BOUT++: a framework for parallel plasma fluid simulations
Creators: name: Dudson, B. D.
name: Umansky, M. V.
name: Xu, X. Q.
name: Snyder, P. B.
name: Wilson, H. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new modular code called BOUT++ is presented, which simulates 3D fluid equations in curvilinear coordinates. Although aimed at simulating Edge Localised Modes (ELMs) in tokamak X-point geometry, the code is able to simulate a wide range of fluid models (magnetised and unmagnetised) involving an arbitrary number of scalar and vector fields, in a wide range of geometries. Time evolution is fully implicit, and 3rd-order WENO schemes are implemented. Benchmarks are presented for linear and non-linear problems (the Orszag-Tang vortex) showing good agreement. Performance of the code is tested by scaling with problem size and processor number, showing efficient scaling to thousands of processors. Linear initial-value simulations of ELMs using reduced ideal MHD are presented, and the results compared to the ELITE linear MHD eigenvalue code. The resulting mode-structures and growth-rate are found to be in good agreement (BOUT++ = 0.245, ELITE = 0.239). To our knowledge, this is the first time dissipationless, initial-value simulations of ELMs have been successfully demonstrated.
description: Submitted to Computer Physics Communications. Revised to reduce page count. 18 pages, 16 figures
Nascent craft specialization in the Pre-Pottery Neolithic A? Bead making at Shubayqa 6 (northeast Jordan)
Creators: name: Thuesen, Mette Bangsborg
name: Alarashi, Hala
name: Ruter, Anthony
name: Richter, Tobias
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Bead making
subject: Shubayqa 6
subject: Pre-Pottery Neolithic A?
subject: northeast Jordan
subject: 900 Geschichte und Geografie::950 Geschichte Asiens::950 Geschichte Asiens, des Fernen Ostens

description: The emergence of craft specialisation is a key area of interest for archaeologists investigating the socio-economic history and development of past societies. In southwest Asia, as elsewhere, the origins of craft specialisation have been associated with the emergence of surplus food production, households and social stratification. We present evidence for nascent skilled production of green stone beads at the Pre-Pottery Neolithic A (PPNA) site Shubayqa 6, northeast Jordan. Thousands of pieces of debitage, roughouts and finished beads exhibit signs of standardised production that was probably geared towards exchange. This hints towards incipient skilled craft production that was likely part-time and seasonal. We therefore argue that the appearance of specialist artisans in this autonomous and non-hierarchical society has no correlation with surplus food production, households, or social stratification.
Theoretical Constraints on the Higgs Effective Couplings
Creators: name: Low, Ian
name: Rattazzi, Riccardo
name: Vichi, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive constraints on the sign of couplings in an effective Higgs Lagrangian using prime principles such as the naturalness principle, global symmetries, and unitarity. Specifically, we study four dimension-six operators, O_H, O_y, O_g, and O_gamma, which contribute to the production and decay of the Higgs boson at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), among other things. Assuming the Higgs is a fundamental scalar, we find: 1) the coefficient of O_H is positive except when there are triplet scalars, resulting in a reduction in the Higgs on-shell coupling from their standard model (SM) expectations if no other operators contribute, 2) the linear combination of O_H and O_y controlling the overall Higgs coupling to fermion is always reduced, 3) the sign of O_g induced by a new colored fermion is such that it interferes destructively with the SM top contribution in the gluon fusion production of the Higgs, if the new fermion cancels the top quadratic divergence in the Higgs mass, and 4) the correlation between naturalness and the sign of O_gamma is similar to that of O_g, when there is a new set of heavy electroweak gauge bosons. Next considering a composite scalar for the Higgs, we find the reduction in the on-shell Higgs couplings persists. If further assuming a collective breaking mechanism as in little Higgs theories, the coefficient of O_H remains positive even in the presence of triplet scalars. In the end, we conclude that the gluon fusion production of the Higgs boson is reduced from the SM rate in all composite Higgs models. Our study suggests a wealth of information could be revealed by precise measurements of the Higgs couplings, providing strong motivations for both improving on measurements at the LHC and building a precision machine such as the linear collider.
description: 37 pages, one figure; v2: improved discussion on dispersion relation and other minor modifications; version accepted for publication.
DFT study of Pt-induced Ge(001) reconstructions
Creators: name: Vanpoucke, Danny E. P.
name: Brocks, Geert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Pt deposited on a Ge(001) surface spontaneously forms nanowire arrays. These nanowires are thermodynamically stable and can be hundreds of atoms long. The nanowires only occur on a reconstructed Pt-Ge-surface where they fill the troughs between the dimer rows on the surface. This unique connection between the nanowires and the underlying substrate make a thorough understanding of the latter necessary for understanding the growth of the nanowires. In this paper we study possible surface reconstructions containing 0.25 and 0.5 of a monolayer of Pt. Comparison of calculated STM images to experimental STM images of the surface reconstruction reveal that the Pt atoms are located in the top layer, creating a structure with rows of alternating Pt-Ge and Ge-Ge dimers in a c(4x2) arrangement. Our results also show that Pt atoms in the second or third layer can not be responsible for the experimentally observed STM images.
description: 16 pages, 13 figures
Additional file 1 of The longitudinal association between objectively measured physical activity and mental health among Norwegian adolescents
Creators: name: Barth Vedøy, Ingeborg
name: Skulberg, Knut Ragnvald
name: Anderssen, Sigmund Alfred
name: Fagerland, Morten Wang
name: Tjomsland, Hege Eikeland
name: Thurston, Miranda
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Figure 1. Association between change in variables of mental health (2016-2018) and intensities of PA in 2018 among boys. (N= 139-159).
Energy barriers for vortex nucleation in dipolar condensates
Creators: name: Abad, M.
name: Guilleumas, M.
name: Mayol, R.
name: Pi, M.
name: Jezek, D. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider singly-quantized vortex states in a condensate of 52Cr atoms in a pancake trap. We obtain the vortex solutions by numerically solving the Gross-Pitaevskii equation in the rotating frame with no further approximations. The behavior of the condensate is studied under three different situations concerning the interactions: only s-wave, s-wave plus dipolar and only dipolar. The energy barrier for the nucleation of a vortex is calculated as a function of the vortex displacement from the rotation axis in the three cases. These results are compared to those obtained for contact interaction condensates in the Thomas-Fermi approximation, and to a pseudo-analytical model, showing this latter a very good agreement with the numerical calculation.
description: Submitted to Laser Physics
Additional file 2 of The longitudinal association between objectively measured physical activity and mental health among Norwegian adolescents
Creators: name: Barth Vedøy, Ingeborg
name: Skulberg, Knut Ragnvald
name: Anderssen, Sigmund Alfred
name: Fagerland, Morten Wang
name: Tjomsland, Hege Eikeland
name: Thurston, Miranda
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2: Figure 2. Association between change in variables of mental health (2016-2018) and intensities of PA in 2018 among girls. (N= 196-222).
AI-PROGNOSIS Newsletter No 4
Creators: name: Leipuvienė, Kristina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Parkinson's
Parkinsonsdisease
HealthTech
DigitalHealth
Clinical studies
Digital Biomarkers
#Clinical studies

description: We are pleased to share the latest updates from AI-PROGNOSIS, a Horizon Europe research project dedicated to advancing Parkinson’s disease diagnosis and care through novel predictive models combined with digital biomarkers from everyday devices.

Discover the insights and progress in our fourth newsletter edition.

For more information, visit our website: AI-PROGNOSIS.
Approximating Spectral Impact of Structural Perturbations in Large Networks
Creators: name: Milanese, Attilio
name: Sun, Jie
name: Nishikawa, Takashi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Determining the effect of structural perturbations on the eigenvalue spectra of networks is an important problem because the spectra characterize not only their topological structures, but also their dynamical behavior, such as synchronization and cascading processes on networks. Here we develop a theory for estimating the change of the largest eigenvalue of the adjacency matrix or the extreme eigenvalues of the graph Laplacian when small but arbitrary set of links are added or removed from the network. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our approximation schemes using both real and artificial networks, showing in particular that we can accurately obtain the spectral ranking of small subgraphs. We also propose a local iterative scheme which computes the relative ranking of a subgraph using only the connectivity information of its neighbors within a few links. Our results may not only contribute to our theoretical understanding of dynamical processes on networks, but also lead to practical applications in ranking subgraphs of real complex networks.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures, 2 tables
Interacting branching processes and linear file-sharing networks
Creators: name: Leskelä, L.
name: Robert, Philippe
name: Simatos, Florian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: File-sharing networks are distributed systems used to disseminate files among nodes of a communication network. The general simple principle of these systems is that once a node has retrieved a file, it may become a server for this file. In this paper, the capacity of these networks is analyzed with a stochastic model when there is a constant flow of incoming requests for a given file. It is shown that the problem can be solved by analyzing the asymptotic behavior of a class of interacting branching processes. Several results of independent interest concerning these branching processes are derived and then used to study the file-sharing systems.
Additional file 3 of The longitudinal association between objectively measured physical activity and mental health among Norwegian adolescents
Creators: name: Barth Vedøy, Ingeborg
name: Skulberg, Knut Ragnvald
name: Anderssen, Sigmund Alfred
name: Fagerland, Morten Wang
name: Tjomsland, Hege Eikeland
name: Thurston, Miranda
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 3: Table 1. Differences in minutes in MVPA between T1 and T3 analysed by paired T-test.