cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Molecular epidemiology and risk assessment of human botulism in the Canadian Arctic
Creators: name: Leclair, Daniel
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Biology, Microbiology.

description: On a per capita basis, the incidence rate of type E botulism attributable to aged marine mammal meat in Nunavik is very high, with an average rate greater than 3 reported cases per 10,000 population for the period from 1996 to 2004. All cases reported for this period were clustered in Northern villages along the Ungava Bay. A survey for the presence of Clostridium botulinum type E along the coastline of Nunavik indicated a prevalence of spores along the southern coasts of Ungava Bay and Hudson Bay, indicating a possibility of contamination of seal meat from environmental sources during butchering. The highest concentration of spores was found in the Koksoak River (>5400 spores/kg), which flows into southern Ungava Bay. Spores were also found on seal skin and in seal intestinal contents, although at levels lower than found in environmental sources. Contamination of seal meat with C. botulinum type E spores may occur following contact with coastal rocks, tidal water, or shoreline soil, during the butchering process. Genomic analysis of coastal isolates of C. botulinum type E by PFGE indicated a heterogeneous population at the butchering sites, making it difficult to trace contamination sources. Epidemiologically related strains of C. botulinum type E could be identified by PFGE. Several distinct subtypes were involved in botulism incidents originating from Inuit villages of southern Ungava Bay, corroborating the existence of a high genetic diversity of C. botulinum type E in the environment. Some of these subtypes were detected inland and in large rivers flowing into southern Ungava Bay. The temperature used for igunaq preparation was the primary factor influencing the growth and toxigenesis of C. botulinum type E. All igunaq preparations incubated at 4°C were negative for BoNT/E. The use of traditional seal skin pouches or plastic containers did not influence the time to toxicity of seal igunaq preparations aged at abuse temperatures (10 and 20°C), regardless of inoculation dose. Changes in handling of seal meat during butchering to reduce contamination, combined with temperature control of the aging process to 4°C or less, should significantly reduce the risk of botulism from consumption of traditional Inuit foods.
Event-driven enhanced coverage for sensor networks
Creators: name: Yang, Dazhi
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Computer Science.

description: In recent years, wireless sensor networks are getting lots of attention due to their extensive applications, such as environment monitoring, battlefield surveillance, and intelligent home. However, they are characterized by extremely limited resources, such as energy and computing capability. To address this, my thesis develops a novel scheduling algorithm called EDEC (Event-Driven Enhanced Coverage) specifically for scheduling sensing units. The EDEC reduces the sensing redundancy by separating the monitoring phase anid event observing phase, decreasing sensing overlap among densely-deplored sensors, and employing Busy-Tone technology. In tire meanwhile, the original sensing capability of a sensor network, i.e. coverage degrees, can be maintained. The experimental results show that the EDEC can greatly prolong the network lifetime without decreasing the network capability, and the load can be evenly distributed to all nodes. In addition, the EDEC is flexible enough to be integrated with many existing communication protocols without too many changes to their original designs.
Signaling pathways involved in connexin43 expression and cellular sub-localization in human astrocytoma
Creators: name: Brunet, Julien
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Biology, Cell.

description: Gap junctions (GJ) are intercellular channels permitting bi-directional communication between adjacent cells. GJ function is associated with homeostasis while GJ deficiency results in uncontrolled proliferation. Most cancer cells are GJ deficient. Astrocytoma is the most common form of brain cancer in young adults and usually causes death within 9-12 months of diagnosis. Connexin 43 (Cx43) expression and sub-localization is usually impaired in human astrocytoma cells. Since phosphorylation by various protein kinases plays a crucial role in Cx43 trafficking, we investigated the signaling pathways involved in Cx43 sub-localization in the human astrocytoma cell lines, U-251 MG and U-87 MG. Cx43 was found to be present in both cell lines and was found to be phosphorylated on specific serine residues. Using antibodies against Ser-255 and Ser-262, Cx43 was shown to be nuclear; this is a novel observation in human astrocytoma. Interestingly Cx43 fragments of less than 43 kDa were shown to be mostly intranuclear when using antibodies against the phosphorylated forms of Cx43, suggesting a role for phosphorylation in the protein's turnover and sub-localization. Intercellular communication assays showed a lack of GJ function in U-251 cells; however, the presence of open hemichannels in U-87 MGs was observed. Protein kinase inhibitors including Bis I (PKC), PKAI (PKA) and PD98059 (ERK-MAPK) were tested on their ability to affect Cx43 expression and/or sub-localization. PD98059 treatment increased Cx43 expression in U-87 MG cells and partially restored normal membrane localization in U-251 MG. All three inhibitors either increased or decreased the presence of Cx43 fragments, depending on the phosphorylation site observed, suggesting a role for these pathways in Cx43 degradation. Morin, a natural flavonoid with anti-tumorigenic properties, was shown to increase Cx43 phosphorylation on Ser-262 but only in U-251 MG. This effect was exerted through the p38 MAPK pathway. Fractionation experiments showed that Cx43 is not present in caveolae, a structure which helps to compartmentalize signaling molecules with their protein targets. Our results suggest that it is worthwhile to continue in our attempts to restore function of Cx43 in human astrocytoma.
Satisfaction and quality of life in women who undergo breast surgery: A qualitative study
Creators: name: Klassen, Anne F.
name: Pusic, Andrea L.
name: Scott, Amie
name: Klok, Jennifer
name: Cano, Stefan J.
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2015

description: Background. In cosmetic and reconstructive breast surgery, measurement of patient-reported outcomes has become increasingly important to research efforts and clinical care. We aimed to describe how breast conditions and breast surgery impact on patient satisfaction and quality of life. Methods We conducted qualitative, in-depth interviews with 48 women who had undergone either breast reduction (n = 15), breast augmentation (n = 12), or breast reconstruction (n = 21) surgery in order to begin to build a theoretical understanding of patient satisfaction and quality of life in breast surgery patients. Interviews were audio-taped, transcribed verbatim and analyzed thematically. Results The patient interviews revealed that breast conditions and breast surgery impact women in the following six main areas: satisfaction with breasts; satisfaction with overall outcome; psychosocial well-being; sexual well-being; physical well-being; and satisfaction with the process of care. We used these six themes to form the basis of a conceptual framework of patient satisfaction and quality of life in women who undergo breast surgery. Conclusion Our conceptual framework establishes the main issues of concern for breast surgery patients. This new framework can be used to help develop local guidelines for future clinical assessment, management and measurement, establish the validity of the current management strategies, and develop evidence-based guidance for the development of new patient reported outcome measures for future outcomes research.
A Novel Segmentation, Mutual Information Network Framework for EEG Analysis of Motor Tasks
Creators: name: Wang, Z. Jane
name: Lee, Pamela W.
name: McKeown, Martin J.
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2015

description: Background: Monitoring the functional connectivity between brain regions is becoming increasingly important in elucidating brain functionality in normal and disease states. Current methods of detecting networks in the recorded electroencephalogram (EEG) such as correlation and coherence are limited by the fact that they assume stationarity of the relationship between channels, and rely on linear dependencies. In contrast to diseases of the brain cortex (e.g. Alzheimer's disease), with motor disorders such as Parkinson's disease (PD) the EEG abnormalities are most apparent during performance of dynamic motor tasks, but this makes the stationarity assumption untenable. Methods We therefore propose a novel EEG segmentation method based on the temporal dynamics of the cross-spectrogram of the computed Independent Components (ICs). We then utilize mutual information (MI) as the metric for determining also nonlinear statistical dependencies between EEG channels. Graphical theoretical analysis is then applied to the derived MI networks. The method was applied to EEG data recorded from six normal subjects and seven PD subjects off medication. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) tests demonstrated statistically significant difference in the connectivity patterns between groups. Results The results suggested that PD subjects are unable to independently recruit different areas of the brain while performing simultaneous tasks compared to individual tasks, but instead they attempt to recruit disparate clusters of synchronous activity to maintain behavioral performance. Conclusion The proposed segmentation/MI network method appears to be a promising approach for analyzing the EEG recorded during dynamic behaviors.
Gerygone magnirostris subsp. cairnsensis Mathews 1912
Creators: name: LeCroy, M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Passeriformes
Acanthizidae
Gerygone
Gerygone magnirostris
Gerygone magnirostris cairnsensis mathews

description: Gerygone magnirostris cairnsensis Mathews
 Gerygone magnirostris cairnsensis Mathews, 1912a: 309 (Queensland (Cairns)).
 Now Gerygone magnirostris cairnsensis Mathews, 1912. See Meise, 1931: 333, Mayr, 1986b: 449, and Schodde and Mason, 1999: 188–189.
HOLOTYPE: AMNH 606541, adult male, collected at Cairns, 16.51S, 145.43E (Times Atlas), Queensland, Australia, in August 1908, by P. Schräder. From the Mathews Collection (no. 1738) via the Rothschild Collection.
COMMENTS: Mathews cited his catalog number of the holotype in the original description; it bears Mathews’ Collection and type labels and a Rothschild type label. The number ‘‘457’’ that appears on the Mathews label is the number of this species in Mathews (1908a). There is one paratype: AMNH 606545, adult female, collected by Schräder at Cairns in August 1908. This specimen also bears a yellow ‘‘Figured’’ label, indicating that it was illustrated in Mathews (1920a: pl. 384, left middle fig., opp. p. 149, text p. 151), but it is not there said to be the type. Neither of these specimens bears the original Schräder label.
There are three additional Schräder specimens, bearing original labels, collected at Cairns in November 1911. They were not cataloged by Mathews (nos. 11258–11260) until 16 March 1912 and were presumably received after publication of the name on 31 January 1912.
description: Published as part of LeCroy, M., 2008, Type Specimens Of Birds In The American Museum Of Natural History. Part 7. Passeriformes: Sylviidae, Muscicapidae, Platysteiridae, Maluridae, Acanthizidae, Monarchidae, Rhipiduridae, And Petroicidae, pp. 1-287 in Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 313 (1) on page 173, DOI: 10.1206/313.1, http://zenodo.org/record/13223808
Peter J. Opitz (Hrsg.), Frieden für Kambodscha? Entwicklungen im Indochina-Konflikt seit 1975.
Creators: name: Strassner, Renate
Publisher: name: ASIEN: The German Journal on Contemporary Asia
Year: 2020

description: ASIEN: The German Journal on Contemporary Asia, Nr. 40 (1991): ASIEN (Juli)
Using the X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis (XIAP) as a therapeutic agent in rodent models of retinal degeneration
Creators: name: Petrin, Dino P
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Biology, Cell.
subject: Biology, Microbiology.
subject: Health Sciences, Pathology.

description: Retinitis Pigmentosa (RP) is the leading cause of hereditary blindness. The clinical manifestations of RP are night blindness, loss of peripheral vision leading to tunnel vision and a decreased electroretinogram (ERG) amplitude. There are numerous genes that when mutated cause RP. Regardless of the causative mutation, the end point is the same, photoreceptor cell death by apoptosis or programmed cell death (PCD). Interestingly, though all photoreceptors in an affected individual would have a mutation, disease progresses at a relatively slow rate indicating the affected cells can function. It is unclear as to why completely unrelated mutations would cause photoreceptors to die via the same mechanism. Somatic gene replacement studies using viral vectors in animal models have been successful in slowing down disease. However, attempting to cure all retinal degeneration mutations by this approach would be costly and difficult for two reasons. First, there are some mutations that comprise a small percentage of all RP cases and the cost/benefit ratio to develop a therapeutic agent for a few people would be enormous. Secondly, a number of genes that cause retinal degenerations have not been cloned. A more practical approach involves preventing apoptosis of the photoreceptor cell. The advantage of this approach is that the causative mutation does not need to be known. Developing a single therapeutic agent to target RP would also be economically more favourable than developing multiple therapeutic agents. The X-linked Inhibitor of Apoptosis (XIAP) can inhibit cell death from numerous triggers both in vitro and in vivo. XIAP prevents apoptosis by binding to and inhibiting caspase-3, -7 and -9. Work presented here shows that adeno-associated virus (AAV) encoding XIAP is neuroprotective when injected sub-retinally in an acute retinal degeneration model in Sprague Dawley rats. In addition, transgenic mice overexpressing XIAP throughout the neural retina have normal retinal morphology and their ERGs appear normal. These findings suggest that XIAP holds promise as a therapeutic agent in the treatment of hereditary retinal diseases such as retinitis pigmentosa.
Better science with sex and gender: Facilitating the use of a sex and gender-based analysis in health research
Creators: name: Johnson, Joy L.
name: Greaves, Lorraine
name: Repta, Robin
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2016

description: Much work has been done to promote sex and gender-based analyses in health research and to think critically about the influence of sex and gender on health behaviours and outcomes. However, despite this increased attention on sex and gender, there remain obstacles to effectively applying and measuring these concepts in health research. Some health researchers continue to ignore the concepts of sex and gender or incorrectly conflate their meanings. We report on a primer that was developed by the authors to help researchers understand and use the concepts of sex and gender in their work. We provide detailed definitions of sex and gender, discuss a sex and gender-based analysis (SGBA), and suggest three approaches for incorporating sex and gender in health research at various stages of the research process. We discuss our knowledge translation process and share some of the challenges we faced in disseminating our primer with key stakeholders. In conclusion, we stress the need for continued attention to sex and gender in health research.
Affective trust as a mediator between subordinate organizational citizenship behaviour and supervisors' willingness to mentor
Creators: name: Lucier, Jeff
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Business Administration, Management.
subject: Sociology, Organizational.

description: Using a sample of 215 managers, this study investigated the role of supervisor affective trust as a mediator between organizational citizenship behaviour and willingness to provide mentorship (psychosocial and career support). Subordinate OCB directed at the supervisor and toward the organization (civic virtue) were investigated. The results showed that supervisor affective trust acted as a mediator between OCB and willingness to provide psychosocial support. The results suggest that an employee seeking psychosocial support from his/her supervisor should build affective trust by engaging in citizenship behaviour directed at the supervisor.
Bian fa zi qiang - "Das Recht ändern, den Staat stärken": Internationale Konferenz in Hangzhou zur 150. Wiederkehr des Geburtstags des chinesischen Rechtsreformers Shen Jiaben
Creators: name: Heuser, Robert
Publisher: name: ASIEN: The German Journal on Contemporary Asia
Year: 2020

description: ASIEN: The German Journal on Contemporary Asia, Nr. 40 (1991): ASIEN (Juli)
Die Speicheldrüsen der Reblaus (Dactylosphaera vitifolii Shimer)
Creators: name: Rilling, G.
Publisher: name: VITIS - Journal of Grapevine Research
Year: 2017

description: • Die Speicheldrüsen adulter ungeflügelter Rebläuse erstrecken sich aus der Region des Vorderkopfes bis in den Mesothorax. Sie haben damit die vergleichsweise größte Ausdehnung von allen untersuchten Aphidinen-Speicheldrüsen. Es wird vermutet, daß der besondere Umfang des Speichelapparates einschließlich der kräftigen Speichelpumpe mit der Fähigkeit der Reblaus zur Galleninduktion zusammenhängt. • Der Speicheldrüsenkomplex jeder Körperhäifte setzt sich aus einer zweilappigen kompakten Hauptdrüse und einer vorwiegend blasigen Nebendrüse zusammen, deren Sekretionsprodukte ,durch einen .gemeinsamen Speichelgang weggeleitet werden. Diese paarigen Speichelgänge vereinigen sich zu einem kurzen medianen Gang, der in die Speichelpumpe einmündet. • Eine Hauptdrüse baut sich -aus mindestens fünf Zelltypen auf: Vier Riesenzellen und zwei eosinophüe Zellen sind in einer konstanten Korrelation angeordnet. Die ersteren sind sicher, die beiden letzteren möglicherweise als Hauptzellen anzusprechen. Im Hilus der ,beiden Hauptdrüsenlappen finden sich ferner Deckzellen sowie eine Zellsorte mit kleineren Kernen und ein Gewebe, das die Ausleitung des Sekretes aus der Hauptdrüse besorgt. Mit Ausnahme dieses hiluseigenen Kanalgewebes sind die Zellen der Hauptdrüse deutlich getrennt und in der Regel zweikernig. Die großvolumigen Zellen besitzen sehr ausgedehnte, verzweigte Kerne. Riesenzellen, eosinophile Zellen und Deckzellen zeigen ,deutliche Merkmale von Sekretionstätigkeit. • Der Hauptteil der Nebenspeicheldrüse ist ein Syncytium von vesiculärem Charakter, das von einem zentralen Kanal durchzogen wird. Nur ein craniales Läppchen der Nebendrüse, das wenige Kerne enthält und keine deutlichen Zellgrenzen aufweist, zeigt ähnliche cytologische Verhältnisse wie der Hilus der Hauptdrüse. Es wird vermutet, daß dieses Läppchen der ursprünglichen Nebendrüse entspricht, während sich der aufgeblähte Hauptteil von einem Drüsengang ableiten dürfte. • Der paarige gemeinsame Ausführgang von Haupt- und Nebendrüse ist ähnlich strukturiert wie der vesiculäre Hauptteil der Nebendrüse. • Bei anstechenden und saugenden Rebläusen konnte beobachtet werden, daß mindestens zwei verschiedene Speichelfraktionen abgesondert werden. Es ist anzunehmen, daß die unterschiedlich gebauten Speicheldrüsenabteilungen auch verschiedene Sekrete erzeugen. Außerdem wird vermutet, daß der - für eine Aphidine ungewöhnlich großen - Nebenspeicheldrüse zusätzlich zu ihrer Sekretionstätigkeit auch noch eine exkretorische Funktion zukommt.
description: VITIS - Journal of Grapevine Research, Vol. 6 No. 2 (1967): Vitis
Radio-gaschromatographische Untersuchung der Stoffwechselleistungen von Hefen (Sacchiaromyces und Schizosaccharomyces) in der Bildung von Aromastoffen
Creators: name: Drawert, F.
name: Rapp, A.
name: Ullemeyer, H.
Publisher: name: VITIS - Journal of Grapevine Research
Year: 2017

description: Vergleichende Untersuchungen der Aromastoffe von Trauben, Traubenmosten, Weinen und Modellgärversuchen mit Hilfe leistungsfähiger Trenn- und Nachweismethoden (Gaschromatographie) hatten den Nachweis der besonderen Leistung der Hefegärung in der Bildung zahlreicher und mengenmäßig hervortretender Aromakomponenten erbracht. 'Quantitativ durchgeführte und ausgewertete Modellgärversuche weisen darauf hin, daß Kohlenhydrate als wichtigste Nährstoffquelle der Hefen das Kohlenstoffgerüst für die Hauptprodukte der alkoholischen Gärung, ein gewisses Reservoir an Metaboliten und Energie zur Verfügung stellen. Dabei trat die Bedeutung von N-Verbindungen für die Leistung von Hefen in der Bildung von sog. Gärungsnebenprodukten, den eigentlichen Aromastoffen, deutlich hervor. Ammoniumsalze und Aminosäuren vermögen den Hefestoffwechsel in der Bildung von A,romastoffen stark zu beeinflussen; sie gehen - wie Modellgärversuche mit Nährmedien unter konstanten Bedingungen gezeigt haben - bezüglich der Bildung von Gärungsnebenprodukten mit einer definierbaren „ b i o c h e m i s c h e n W e r t i g k e i t " in die Stoffwechsel der Hefen ein. Speziell ausgearbeitete radio-gaschromatographische Methoden erlaubten, die quantitativen Untersuchungen mit 14C-Verbindungen fortzusetzen. Dabei ergeben sich Maßzahlen, die zur Klärung der Frage beitragen, inwieweit Haupt- und Nebenwege der alkoholischen Gärung ineinandergreifen und in welchem Ausmaß Gärungsnebenprodukte sowohl aus dem Kohlenstoffgerüst von Zuckern und Säuren als auch aus dem der Aminosäuren gebildet werden. Die Ergebnisse werden anhand der Literatur eingehend diskutiert. Die Beeren verschiedener Reben enthalten in Abhängigkeit von Sorte und Reife - die Reife wird durch zahlreiche Außenfaktoren beeinflußt - oft bei vergleichbaren Zucker- und Säuregehalten eine stark unterschiedliche Aminosäurenzusammensetzung. In Anbetracht der Bedeutung der N-Verbindungen eines Traubenmostes für die Bildung von Aromastoffen während der Hefegärung unterscheiden wir zwischen der „Zuckerreife" und der „physiologischen Reife" der Traubenbeeren. Letztere ist besonders rbei Keltertrauben durch eine optimale Ausbildung der Inhaltsstoffe gekennzeichnet, die den Hefestoffwechsel im Sinne eines physiologisch günstigen Aromas zu beeinflussen vermögen. Damit sind die dargestellten Ergebnisse von Belang für die Auswahl von Reben-Neuzuchten, die für die Weinbereitung besonders geeignet sind.
description: VITIS - Journal of Grapevine Research, Vol. 6 No. 2 (1967): Vitis
Chinabezogene Frauenforschung. Frauen in der Sinologie und in chinaspezifischen Tätigkeiten, Berlin, 6.-8.Mai 1991
Creators: name: Spakowski, Nicola
Publisher: name: ASIEN: The German Journal on Contemporary Asia
Year: 2020

description: ASIEN: The German Journal on Contemporary Asia, Nr. 40 (1991): ASIEN (Juli)
Ethelornis cairnsensis subsp. robini Mathews
Creators: name: LeCroy, M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Passeriformes
Acanthizidae
Ethelornis
Ethelornis cairnsensis
Ethelornis cairnsensis robini mathews

description: Ethelornis cairnsensis robini Mathews
 Ethelornis cairnsensis robini Mathews, 1920a: 151 (Cape York, North Queensland).
 Now Gerygone magnirostris cairnsensis Mathews, 1912. See Meise, 1931: 333, Mayr, 1986b: 449, and Schodde and Mason, 1999: 188–189.
LECTOTYPE: AMNH 606539, adult female, collected at Piara, 10.44S, 142.34E (USBGN, 1957b), Cape York, Queensland, Australia, on 12 August 1913, by Robin Kemp (no. 3141). From the Mathews Collection (no. 17930) via the Rothschild Collection.
COMMENTS: Mathews did not designate a type in the original description. Meise (1931: 333) designated Kemp’s specimen number 3141 as the lectotype. Despite a note to this effect by Meise on the reverse of the Rothschild label, the specimen had not previously been put in the type collection. There are three paralectotypes: AMNH 606536, male from Thursday Island (this is apparently the specimen mentioned by Mathews in which Kemp marked the iris ‘‘black’’; however, it is not immature); and AMNH 606537, female?, and AMNH 606538, sex?, both collected at the Cable Station, Cape York, by Kemp on 15 February 1913. They were not entered in Mathews’ catalog.
Piara, or ‘‘Paira’’ as it is sometimes spelled, was the home of Bert Vidgen in Muddy Bay where many early collectors on Cape York stayed.
description: Published as part of LeCroy, M., 2008, Type Specimens Of Birds In The American Museum Of Natural History. Part 7. Passeriformes: Sylviidae, Muscicapidae, Platysteiridae, Maluridae, Acanthizidae, Monarchidae, Rhipiduridae, And Petroicidae, pp. 1-287 in Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 313 (1) on page 173, DOI: 10.1206/313.1, http://zenodo.org/record/13223808
The Dextrose, Levulose, Sucrose, and Acid Content of the Juice from 39 Grape Clones
Creators: name: Lott, R. V.
name: Barrett, H. C.
Publisher: name: VITIS - Journal of Grapevine Research
Year: 2017

description: • The dextrose, levulose, sucrose and acid contents of the juice from 39 grape clones were determined to obtain information for use in breeding improved varieties. The 39 clones represented a survey of Vitis comprising native American species, American-type, French hybrid, and vinifera varieties. • Wide variation existed in the percentages of each sugar, in pH, titratable acidity, and buffer systems. • Sucrose was present in significant amounts only in clones which were derivatives of V. labrusa. • The levulose-dextrose ratio varied from 0.81 to 1.49; in only one clone was it less than 1.00. • The per cent of acid ranged from 0.35 to 4.74; the pH from 2.69 to 4.05. • The desirability of the standardization of sampling, extraction, and analytical methods in order that valid comparisons may be made between the results of various investigations is pointed out. • Certain aspects of the potential use of the information from these data in the development of improved grape varieties is presented.
description: VITIS - Journal of Grapevine Research, Vol. 6 No. 3 (1967): Vitis
Antimicrobial defences of the avian egg
Creators: name: Wellman-Labadie, Olivier
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Biology, Cell.

description: The successful proliferation of future avian generations is dependent on the ability of eggs to remain uncontaminated during incubation. Antimicrobial constituents are incorporated into the egg during its formation within the reproductive system of the hen. Traditionally, avian albumen is considered as the only defensive component of the egg while other egg structures (shell and membranes) are considered simply as physical barriers. In this thesis, the antimicrobial proteins identified in mature avian species and the evidence suggesting their incorporation in eggs is presented. Albumen of both domestic and wild avian species is investigated for its protein content and antimicrobial properties in order to investigate the effects of phylogeny and environmental pressures on the antimicrobial defences of the egg. Cuticle and outer eggshell protein extracts from both domestic and wild avian species as well as lipophilic outer eggshell components of domestic avian species are investigated in order to demonstrate the role of the eggshell in the antimicrobial defence of the avian egg. The role of selected eggshell proteins in the antimicrobial defence of the avian egg is investigated and discussed. The results presented demonstrate that antimicrobial defence in the avian egg is a much more complex system than previously believed. Egg white as well as eggshell specific proteins appear to enhance the antimicrobial defences of the egg. In addition, species-specific antimicrobial defensive strategies appear to be present in the eggs of avian species in response to unique environmental pressures.
Effects of certain growth substances and boric acid on germination, tube growth and storage of grape pollen (Vitis ssp.)
Creators: name: Bamzai, Raj D.
name: Randhawa, G. S.
Publisher: name: VITIS - Journal of Grapevine Research
Year: 2017

description: Investigations on the ,effects of growth substances (GA, IAA and IBA) and boric acid on grape pollen have shown that maximum germination and tube growth was obtained rwith boric acid at lower concentrations (5, 10 and 20 ppm) as compared to GA, IAA, IBA and control. Although GA showed lesser pollen germination, pollen tube growth was enhanced at 5, 10 and 20 ppm in the grape cultivars under study. Pollen grains of Pusa Seedless were stored for 12 months and Pearl of Csaba for four months at different combinations of temperature and ihumidity. The pollen viability was highest when sfored at -12° to -10° C with 25 per cent R.H. which was followed by 4° to 8° C ,and 25 per cent R.H. The pollen germination increased throughout the storage period by boric acid at 5, 10 and 20 ppm.
description: VITIS - Journal of Grapevine Research, Vol. 6 No. 3 (1967): Vitis
Effects of growth retardants on Vitis vinifera L.
Creators: name: Coombe, B. G.
Publisher: name: VITIS - Journal of Grapevine Research
Year: 2017

description: Four growth retardants, CCC, Phosfon-D, Alar and CO 11, have been tested on Vitis vinifera over five seasons. Applications have been made by vine spraying or cluster dipping. Spraying with CCC resulted in darker green leaves, shortened internodes, retarded tendrils, increased numbers of inflorescences differentiated on lateral shoots, greater berry set and smaller berry size. Not all of these effects occurred together, the most frequent effects being on tendrils and berry set and size. Cluster dipping affected berry set and size in the same way as vine spraying but had no effects on other organs. Set was increased more than 20 per cent in about half of the 46 experiments. At the same time, berry size was reduced by about 10 per cent so that cluster weight or yield was only increased by more than 20 per cent in two-fifths of these experiments. Comparison of concentrations of CCC between 10 and 1000 ppm showed, in general, an increasing effect on set with increasing concentration. The most effective time of treatment was one to three weeks before anthesis; timing does not appear to be critical. Phosfon-D, like CCC, increased setting but caused a severe patchy chlorosis of leaves. Alar and CO 11 were, in general, without effect in these experiments.
description: VITIS - Journal of Grapevine Research, Vol. 6 No. 3 (1967): Vitis
Identification of genes expressed in the hermaphrodite germ line ofC. elegansusing SAGE
Creators: name: Wang, Xin
name: Zhao, Yongjun
name: Wong, Kim
name: Ehlers, Peter
name: Kohara, Yuji
name: Jones, Steven J. M.
name: Marra, Marco, 1966-
name: Holt, Robert A.
name: Moerman, Donald G.
name: Hansen, Dave
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2016

description: Background: Germ cells must progress through elaborate developmental stages from an undifferentiated germ cell to a fully differentiated gamete. Some of these stages include exiting mitosis and entering meiosis, progressing through the various stages of meiotic prophase, adopting either a male (sperm) or female (oocyte) fate, and completing meiosis. Additionally, many of the factors needed to drive embryogenesis are synthesized in the germ line. To increase our understanding of the genes that might be necessary for the formation and function of the germ line, we have constructed a SAGE library from hand dissectedC. eleganshermaphrodite gonads. Results: We found that 4699 genes, roughly 21% of all knownC. elegansgenes, are expressed in the adult hermaphrodite germ line. Ribosomal genes are highly expressed in the germ line; roughly four fold above their expression levels in the soma. We further found that 1063 of the germline-expressed genes have enriched expression in the germ line as compared to the soma. A comparison of these 1063 germline-enriched genes with a similar list of genes prepared using microarrays revealed an overlap of 460 genes, mutually reinforcing the two lists. Additionally, we identified 603 germline-enriched genes, supported byin situexpression data, which were not previously identified. We also found >4 fold enrichment for RNA binding proteins in the germ line as compared to the soma. Conclusion: Using multiple technological platforms provides a more complete picture of global gene expression patterns. Genes involved in RNA metabolism are expressed at a significantly higher level in the germ line than the soma, suggesting a stronger reliance on RNA metabolism for control of the expression of genes in the germ line. Additionally, the number and expression level of germ line expressed genes on the X chromosome is lower than expected based on a random distribution.
flowClust: a Bioconductor package for automated gating of flow cytometry data
Creators: name: Lo, Kenneth
name: Hahne, Florian
name: Brinkman, Ryan R
name: Gottardo, Raphael
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2015

description: Background: As a high-throughput technology that offers rapid quantification of multidimensional characteristics for millions of cells, flow cytometry (FCM) is widely used in health research, medical diagnosis and treatment, and vaccine development. Nevertheless, there is an increasing concern about the lack of appropriate software tools to provide an automated analysis platform to parallelize the high-throughput data-generation platform. Currently, to a large extent, FCM data analysis relies on the manual selection of sequential regions in 2-D graphical projections to extract the cell populations of interest. This is a time-consuming task that ignores the high-dimensionality of FCM data. Results In view of the aforementioned issues, we have developed an R package called flowClust to automate FCM analysis. flowClust implements a robust model-based clustering approach based on multivariate t mixture models with the Box-Cox transformation. The package provides the functionality to identify cell populations whilst simultaneously handling the commonly encountered issues of outlier identification and data transformation. It offers various tools to summarize and visualize a wealth of features of the clustering results. In addition, to ensure its convenience of use, flowClust has been adapted for the current FCM data format, and integrated with existing Bioconductor packages dedicated to FCM analysis. Conclusion flowClust addresses the issue of a dearth of software that helps automate FCM analysis with a sound theoretical foundation. It tends to give reproducible results, and helps reduce the significant subjectivity and human time cost encountered in FCM analysis. The package contributes to the cytometry community by offering an efficient, automated analysis platform which facilitates the active, ongoing technological advancement.
Südasiatische Wanderarbeiter in der Golfregion: vom "sozialen underdog" zum "politischen Treibgut"?
Creators: name: Maaß, Citha D.
Publisher: name: ASIEN: The German Journal on Contemporary Asia
Year: 2020

description: ASIEN: The German Journal on Contemporary Asia, Nr. 40 (1991): ASIEN (Juli)
Understanding the dimensions of organizational evaluation capacity
Creators: name: Bourgeois, Isabelle
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Education, Tests and Measurements.

description: The question of evaluation capacity in governmental organizations has been studied empirically in only a limited fashion in recent years. The actual dimensions of evaluation capacity, or what evaluation capacity might look like in an organization, have not previously been identified systematically in the literature. This study sought to identify the key dimensions of evaluation capacity in Canadian federal government organizations as well as the manageable steps required to move from low to high capacity for each of these. The data collection approach was articulated around three phases. The first phase sought to identify the key dimensions of evaluation capacity in Canadian federal government organizations and characterize minimal and exemplary performance on each dimension through the development of a framework. This was achieved through a literature review and semi-structured key informant interviews. The second phase focused on refining and clarifying these dimensions by using key informant interviews. The third and final phase sought to validate the revised framework. This was achieved through its practical application in four federal government organizations and semi-structured interviews with those involved in applying the framework. The study concluded that evaluation capacity in Canadian federal government departments and agencies can be described through six main dimensions, each one broken down into further sub-dimensions. The capacity of these organizations on each of these dimensions and sub-dimensions can be assessed using four levels: low, developing, intermediate, and exemplary. The study found that organizations vary in terms of their capacity from one dimension to the next, and indeed, from one sub-dimension to the next. This study makes an important contribution to the body of knowledge on evaluation capacity; although much has been published in the evaluation literature on evaluation capacity building, the actual characteristics and attributes of evaluation capacity itself have not before been defined and described based on empirical data. Continuing research may focus on expanding the scope of the framework, while the main practical implication of this study is the use of the framework as an instrument of evaluation capacity for government organizations.
Catalyst development for the direct arylation of aryl chlorides, bromides and iodides
Creators: name: Parisien, Mathieu
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Chemistry, Organic.

description: Tricyclic biaryls were formed by a direct arylation reaction conducted in the presence of catalytic amounts of Pd(OAc)2 and tricyclohexylphosphine. Aryl chlorides, bromides and iodides could all be used and the methodology was applied to the synthesis of 6H-benzo[c]chomenes; 9, 10-dihydrophenanthenes; 5, 6-dihydrophenanthridines (if the nitrogen atom was protected) with yields ranging between 79% - >99%. Fluorene, dibenzofurans and carbazoles (unprotected NH) could also be formed in high yields (81%- 99%) using this technique. It has been found that both electronic and steric factors influence the regioselectivity of the reaction. Furthermore, mechanistic investigations have been conducted to establish which one of four possible pathways is taking place. The results of these experiments point towards either a sigma-bond metathesis or an SE3 palladation. The methodology described above was applied to the synthesis of natural products. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
Buddhismus und gesellschaftliche Entwicklung in Kambodscha seit der Niederschlagung des Pol-Pot-Regimes im Jahre 1979
Creators: name: Löschmann, Heike
Publisher: name: ASIEN: The German Journal on Contemporary Asia
Year: 2020

description: ASIEN: The German Journal on Contemporary Asia, Nr. 40 (1991): ASIEN (Juli)
Handling metadata for statistical and other databases
Creators: name: Chen, Yiwen
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Engineering, System Science.

description: Metadata, data about data, provides information on various facets of our data. It facilitates survey design as well as data discovery, analysis and retrieval. Given the many requirements to incorporate and deal with metadata in statistical applications, metadata tools in commonly used statistical software would be very useful. R presents an opportunity for this. However, the common problems of metadata such as metadata capture and the diversity of difficulties of adding functions to R under Windows bring a big challenge for incorporating metadata functions into R. This thesis aims to present the possibility for handling metadata in the statistical system, R. It provides an R package with functions to facilitate metadata management. Taking the advantage of the metadata levels and templates defined in the thesis, the functions attempt to implement (semi-) automatic metadata capture and updating. In addition, the functions provide the examples of programming with R especially for the novice. Furthermore, this thesis supplies a guideline of the future work, that is, a road map for the development of R metadata tools.
Economic burden of asthma: a systematic review
Creators: name: Bahadori, Katayoun
name: Doyle-Waters, Mary M.
name: Marra, Carlo A.
name: Lynd, Larry
name: Alasaly, Kadria
name: Swiston, John
name: FitzGerald, J. M.
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2016

description: Background: Asthma is associated with enormous healthcare expenditures that include both direct and indirect costs. It is also associated with the loss of future potential earnings related to both morbidity and mortality. The objective of the study is to determine the burden of disease costs associated with asthma. Methods: We performed a systematic search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, CDSR, OHE-HEED, and Web of Science Databases between 1966 and 2008. Results: Sixty-eight studies met the inclusion criteria. Hospitalization and medications were found to be the most important cost driver of direct costs. Work and school loss accounted for the greatest percentage of indirect costs. The cost of asthma was correlated with comorbidities, age, and disease severity. Conclusion: Despite the availability of effective preventive therapy, costs associated with asthma are increasing. Strategies including education of patients and physicians, and regular follow-up are required to reduce the economic burden of asthma.
Analysis and review of analytic approaches to dealing with post-randomized ineligible patients resulting from a change in post-randomization disease-state ascertainment
Creators: name: Dow, Darcie
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Biology, Biostatistics.
subject: Health Sciences, Public Health.
subject: Health Sciences, Epidemiology.

description: In a series of three parts, this thesis explores the available approaches to analyze post-randomized ineligible patients. Part one: a comprehensive systematic review yielding 18 unique articles from the Medline and the Cochrane Methodology Register databases. Part two: the methods found from the review were applied to a dataset where 23% of the patients in the experimental treatment group were found to be post-randomized ineligible patients. The results of this exercise revealed that little can be done when these patients exist and the best approach to dealing with them is to carefully choose an approach and accurately report how these patients were analyzed. Part three: Influenza was explored to further illustrate the importance of accurate reporting and the broader impact of this analytic issue. In sum, no firm conclusion could be reached on one "best" approach to take for randomized ineligible patients, however prevention and accurate reporting were surrogate recommendations.
Semaphorin 5B mediates synapse elimination in hippocampal neurons
Creators: name: O'Connor, Timothy P
name: Cockburn, Katie
name: Wang, Wenyan
name: Tapia, Lucia
name: Currie, Erin
name: Bamji, Shernaz X
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2015

description: Background: Semaphorins are known to play an important role in axon guidance and growth by triggering dynamic rearrangements of the actin cytoskeleton in the neuronal growth cone. Intriguingly, some of these guidance molecules are persistently expressed after axonal pathfinding and target recognition are completed. Although their function at these later stages is poorly understood, recent findings suggest a role for these proteins in regulating synaptic connections. Results Here we demonstrate that semaphorin 5B (Sema5B) regulates the elimination of synaptic connections in cultured hippocampal neurons. We show that Sema5B is proteolytically processed in neonatal brains and primary hippocampal cultures, resulting in the secretion of Sema5B fragments that include the biologically active semaphorin domain. Overexpression of full-length Sema5B in hippocampal neurons reduces synapse number while expression of a Sema5B construct lacking the semaphorin domain has no effect. Moreover, bath application with the proteolytically processed, secreted fragments containing the semaphorin domain of Sema5B, results in a rapid elimination of synaptic connections as demonstrated by time-lapse imaging. Conversely, depletion of endogenous Sema5B using RNA interference results in a significant increase in synapse number as well as a significant increase in the size of presynaptic and postsynaptic compartments. Conclusion Our results demonstrate that in addition to its role as a guidance cue, Sema5B regulates the development and maintenance of synapse size and number in hippocampal neurons. In addition, proteolytic cleavage of Sema5B results in the release of a potentially diffusible semaphorin domain that is a necessary component for its biological function in the regulation of synapse morphology.
Martin Peter Houscht: Entwicklungspolitik und Entwicklungszusammenarbeit im interkulturellen Kontakt und Konflikt: Fallstudie Bangladesh
Creators: name: Zingel, Wolfgang-Peter
Publisher: name: ASIEN: The German Journal on Contemporary Asia
Year: 2020

description: ASIEN: The German Journal on Contemporary Asia, Nr. 78 (2001): ASIEN (Januar)