cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Additional file 1 of Axonal membrane stretch suppresses neuronal excitability by activating mechanosensitive K2P channels at the node of Ranvier
Creators: name: Kanda, Hirosato
name: Noguchi, Koichi
name: Dai, Yi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Materials and methods.
Obstructions to a general characterization of graph correspondences
Creators: name: Kaliszewski, S.
name: Patani, Nura
name: Quigg, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46L08

description: For a countable discrete space V, every nondegenerate separable C*-correspondence over c_0(V) is isomorphic to one coming from a directed graph with vertex set V. In this paper we demonstrate why the analogous characterizations fail to hold for higher-rank graphs (where one considers product systems of C*-correspondences) and for topological graphs (where V is locally compact Hausdorff), and we discuss the obstructions that arise.
description: major revision; stated some results in greater generality
Probabilistic Compute-in-Memory Design For Efficient Markov Chain Monte Carlo Sampling
Creators: name: Fu, Yihan
name: Shi, Daijing
name: Fan, Anjunyi
name: Yue, Wenshuo
name: Yang, Yuchao
name: Huang, Ru
name: Yan, Bonan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Hardware Architecture (cs.AR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) is a widely used sampling method in modern artificial intelligence and probabilistic computing systems. It involves repetitive random number generations and thus often dominates the latency of probabilistic model computing. Hence, we propose a compute-in-memory (CIM) based MCMC design as a hardware acceleration solution. This work investigates SRAM bitcell stochasticity and proposes a novel ``pseudo-read'' operation, based on which we offer a block-wise random number generation circuit scheme for fast random number generation. Moreover, this work proposes a novel multi-stage exclusive-OR gate (MSXOR) design method to generate strictly uniformly distributed random numbers. The probability error deviating from a uniform distribution is suppressed under $10^{-5}$. Also, this work presents a novel in-memory copy circuit scheme to realize data copy inside a CIM sub-array, significantly reducing the use of R/W circuits for power saving. Evaluated in a commercial 28-nm process development kit, this CIM-based MCMC design generates 4-bit$\sim$32-bit samples with an energy efficiency of $0.53$~pJ/sample and high throughput of up to $166.7$M~samples/s. Compared to conventional processors, the overall energy efficiency improves $5.41\times10^{11}$ to $2.33\times10^{12}$ times.
Structure of Hochschild cohomology of path algebras and differential formulation of Euler's polyhedron formula
Creators: name: Guo, Li
name: Li, Fang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 16E40, 16G20, 05E15, 05C25, 12H05, 16W25, 16S32

description: This article studies the Lie algebra $Diff(KΓ)$ of derivations on the path algebra $KΓ$ of a quiver $Γ$ and the Lie algebra on the first Hochschild cohomology group $H^1(KΓ)$. We relate these Lie algebras to the algebraic and combinatorial properties of the path algebra. Characterizations of derivations on a path algebra are obtained, leading to a canonical basis of $Diff(KΓ)$ and its Lie algebra properties. Special derivations are associated to the vertices, arrows and faces of a quiver, and the concepts of a connected matrix and boundary matrix are introduced to study the relations among these derivations, concluding that the space of edge derivations is the direct sum of the spaces of the vertex derivations and the face derivations, while the dimensions of the latter spaces are the largest possible. By taking dimensions, this relation among spaces of derivations recovers Euler's polyhedron formula. This relation also leads a combinatorial construction of a canonical basis of the Lie algebra $H^1(KΓ)$, together with a semidirect sum decomposition of $H^1(KΓ)$.
description: 28 pages
Additional file 3 of Central venous stenosis after subclavian versus internal jugular dialysis catheter insertion (CITES) in adults in need of a temporary central dialysis catheter: study protocol for a two-arm, parallel-group, non-inferiority randomised controlled trial
Creators: name: Borgquist, Ola
name: Naddi, Leila
name: Božović, Gracijela
name: Hellberg, Matthias
name: Annborn, Martin
name: Sjövall, Fredrik
name: Adrian, Maria
name: Hettinger, Eva
name: Sjöberg, Pia
name: Kander, Thomas
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 3. Questionnaire which includes both objective and subjective parameters.
Bimagnon studies in cuprates with Resonant Inelastic X-ray Scattering at the O K edge. I - An assessment on La2CuO4 and a comparison with the excitation at Cu L3 and Cu K edges
Creators: name: Bisogni, V.
name: Simonelli, L.
name: Ament, L. J. P.
name: Forte, F.
name: Sala, M. Moretti
name: Minola, M.
name: Huotari, S.
name: Brink, J. van den
name: Ghiringhelli, G.
name: Brookes, N. B.
name: Braicovich, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We assess the capabilities of magnetic Resonant Inelastic X-ray Scattering (RIXS) at the O $K$ edge in undoped cuprates by taking La_{2}CuO_{4} as a benchmark case, based on a series of RIXS measurements that we present here. By combining the experimental results with basic theory we point out the fingerprints of bimagnon in the O $K$ edge RIXS spectra. These are a dominant peak around 450 meV, the almost complete absence of dispersion both with $π$ and $σ$ polarization and the almost constant intensity vs. the transferred momentum with $σ$ polarization. This behavior is quite different from Cu $L_3$ edge RIXS giving a strongly dispersing bimagnon tending to zero at the center of the Brillouin zone. This is clearly shown by RIXS measurements at the Cu $L_3$ edge that we present. The Cu $L_3$ bimagnon spectra and those at Cu $K$ edge - both from the literature and from our data - however, have the same shape. These similarities and differences are understood in terms of different sampling of the bimagnon continuum. This panorama points out the unique possibilities offered by O $K$ RIXS in the study of magnetic excitations in cuprates near the center of the BZ.
Decentralized Optimization Over Slowly Time-Varying Graphs: Algorithms and Lower Bounds
Creators: name: Metelev, Dmitry
name: Beznosikov, Aleksandr
name: Rogozin, Alexander
name: Gasnikov, Alexander
name: Proskurnikov, Anton
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider a decentralized convex unconstrained optimization problem, where the cost function can be decomposed into a sum of strongly convex and smooth functions, associated with individual agents, interacting over a static or time-varying network. Our main concern is the convergence rate of first-order optimization algorithms as a function of the network's graph, more specifically, of the condition numbers of gossip matrices. We are interested in the case when the network is time-varying but the rate of changes is restricted. We study two cases: randomly changing network satisfying Markov property and a network changing in a deterministic manner. For the random case, we propose a decentralized optimization algorithm with accelerated consensus. For the deterministic scenario, we show that if the graph is changing in a worst-case way, accelerated consensus is not possible even if only two edges are changed at each iteration. The fact that such a low rate of network changes is sufficient to make accelerated consensus impossible is novel and improves the previous results in the literature.
Caring for newcomer communities and their data : an inquiry into interdependence in information practices
Creators: name: Shankar, Saguna
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2023

description: Nation states increasingly manage peoples’ movements across borders using data analytics, automated systems, and algorithmic technologies. Once individuals begin living in a new country, governments continue to collect, analyze, and share data about their immigration and settlement process. In Canada, newcomers are often asked for data about their personal experiences and identity in order to receive access to services from community-based organizations and government agencies. Experimental uses of data can have harmful effects because of mistakes, misrepresentations, and misunderstandings which can jeopardize fundamental human rights and international responsibilities to care for migrants. Informed by previous work on the harms of datafication, this inquiry focuses on questions of care. In particular, what are current information practices and alternative visions of how newcomers’ data should be cared for ethically? The research reported here aims to learn from a diversity of groups’ ethical perspectives and experiences of stewarding immigration data as they seek to respect newcomers’ capabilities and wellbeing. Methods involved 14 semi-structured interviews with individuals in groups supporting immigration and settlement, for which conversations were hosted over 10 months during the COVID-19 pandemic. Interviewees include settlement service providers, migrant justice activists, immigration researchers, government staff, and designers of digital systems and services oriented towards newcomers. The dissertation examines participants’ stories of “data care” and recurring themes which characterize their labour. Interviewees provide accounts of conflict, confusion, compromise, and, at times, coordination with their peers in similar and different groups. Groups linked by their labour with data are therefore understood as interdependent, because their information practices influence one another and newcomers. Findings can be employed by governmental and non-governmental actors to identify links and tensions in their labour with newcomer communities’ data. Contributions offer points of discussion and decision making for organizing the stewardship of communities’ data in support of activities such as advocacy for migrant justice, immigration research, policymaking, service provision, and the design of information technologies. The inquiry conceptualizes groups supporting newcomers as part of an interconnected web, who by understanding one another’s ethical perspectives and practices may coordinate and strengthen their acts of care.
Additional file 5 of Central venous stenosis after subclavian versus internal jugular dialysis catheter insertion (CITES) in adults in need of a temporary central dialysis catheter: study protocol for a two-arm, parallel-group, non-inferiority randomised controlled trial
Creators: name: Borgquist, Ola
name: Naddi, Leila
name: Božović, Gracijela
name: Hellberg, Matthias
name: Annborn, Martin
name: Sjövall, Fredrik
name: Adrian, Maria
name: Hettinger, Eva
name: Sjöberg, Pia
name: Kander, Thomas
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 5. Protocol
Spintronic Quantum Phase Transition in a $Graphene/Pb_{0.24}Sn_{0.76}Te$ Heterostructure with Giant Rashba Spin-Orbit Coupling
Creators: name: DeMell, Jennifer E.
name: Naumov, Ivan
name: Stephen, Gregory M.
name: Blumenschein, Nicholas A.
name: Sun, Y. -J. Leo
name: Fedorko, Adrian
name: Robinson, Jeremy T.
name: Campbell, Paul M.
name: Taylor, Patrick J.
name: Heiman, Don
name: Dev, Pratibha
name: Hanbicki, Aubrey T.
name: Friedman, Adam L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Mechanical stacking of two dissimilar materials often has surprising consequences for heterostructure behavior. In particular, a two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) is formed in the heterostructure of the topological crystalline insulator Pb0.24Sn0.76Te and graphene due to contact of a polar with a nonpolar surface and the resulting changes in electronic structure needed to avoid polar catastrophe. We study the spintronic properties of this heterostructure with non-local spin valve devices. We observe spin-momentum locking at lower temperatures that transitions to regular spin channel transport only at ~40 K. Hanle spin precession measurements show a spin relaxation time as high as 2.18 ns. Density functional theory calculations confirm that the spin-momentum locking is due to a giant Rashba effect in the material and that the phase transition is a Lifshitz transition. The theoretically predicted Lifshitz transition is further evident in the phase transition-like behavior in the Landé g-factor and spin relaxation time.
description: 33 pages, 17 figures, supplemental information included
Mass splittings of SU(3) baryons within a chiral soliton model
Creators: name: Yang, Ghil-Seok
name: Kim, Hyun-Chul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Considering simultaneously isospin and SU(3) flavor symmetry breakings, we investigate the complete mass splittings of SU(3) baryons within a chiral soliton model, a {}"model-independent approach" being employed. In linear order several new mass relations are derived, which are mostly generalizations of existing mass formulae. The dynamical quantities appearing in the expressions for the masses are fixed by fitting them to the masses of the baryon octet and the masses of $Ω^{-}$ and $Θ^{+}$ as input rather than by extracting them from a calculated self-consistent soliton profile. In particular, the consideration of isospin symmetry breaking allows us to use the experimental data of the whole octet baryon masses as input. We predict the masses of the baryon decuplet and antidecuplet without any further adjustable free parameter. In addition, we also obtain the pion-nucleon sigma term which turns out to be $Σ_{πN} = 36.4\pm3.9\,\mathrm{MeV}$. We get the ratio of the current light quark masses $R = 58.1\pm1.3$. The present results indicate that the recent experimental data for the $Θ^{+}(1524)$ are compatible with the experimental data of the octet and decuplet masses.
description: 13 pages. No figure. Final version accepted for publication in Prog. Theor. Phys. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1102.1786
Additional file 4 of Central venous stenosis after subclavian versus internal jugular dialysis catheter insertion (CITES) in adults in need of a temporary central dialysis catheter: study protocol for a two-arm, parallel-group, non-inferiority randomised controlled trial
Creators: name: Borgquist, Ola
name: Naddi, Leila
name: Božović, Gracijela
name: Hellberg, Matthias
name: Annborn, Martin
name: Sjövall, Fredrik
name: Adrian, Maria
name: Hettinger, Eva
name: Sjöberg, Pia
name: Kander, Thomas
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 4. Enclosed flowchart.
Computational modeling and design of oligomer selective immunogens for Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s disease
Creators: name: Aina, Adekunle Kayode
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2023

description: Protein aggregation-related diseases, in particular neurodegenerative diseases, are characterized by the aberrant perturbation of the underlying protein conformational ensemble. Effectively presenting epitopes using vaccines, to raise conformationally selective antibodies, is a central problem in treating neurodegenerative diseases. Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s disease, which pathogenesis has been attributed to aberrant aggregates of alpha-synuclein and tau protein, respectively, are the two most common neurodegenerative diseases. Designing conformationally selective immunogens in silico often requires: 1.) an effective epitope scaffolding strategy that selectively targets pathologic aggregates known as oligomers while sparing the more abundant healthy monomers, with both the oligomeric and the monomeric forms having essentially identical amino acid sequences, and 2.) efficient methods and software for quantitative comparison of large conformational ensembles, which are currently not readily available. In this thesis, we apply various computational techniques including those based on information theory and principles of physics to address these two challenges. We computationally modeled and designed cyclic peptide and beta-helix protein immunogens to best mimic toxic oligomeric conformational ensembles of alpha-synuclein and tau protein computationally predicted epitopes, respectively. In both Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s disease, our designed immunogens are predicted to be conformationally selective for toxic oligomers. Additionally, we developed a new generalized method for efficient representation and comparison of protein conformational ensembles. The method is up to 88 times faster while utilizing 48 times fewer computing cores than the readily available Encore software on a molecular dynamics-generated ensemble dataset. The methods developed and results presented in this thesis will not only accelerate the process of in silico conformation-specific immunogen design for protein aggregation-related diseases but have potential applications to antibody drug discovery and development in pharmaceutical biotechnology.
Environmental enrichment during adolescence heightens ethanol intake in female, but not male, adolescent rats that are selectively bred for high and low ethanol intake during adolescence
Creators: name: Suárez, Andrea
name: Fabio, María Carolina
name: Bellia, Fabio
name: Fernández, Macarena Soledad
name: Pautassi, Ricardo Marcos
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Background: Discriminating between adolescents who will eventually have ethanol use problems from those who do not is important. Environmental enrichment is a promising approach to reduce drug-related problems, but its impact on ethanol’s effects and intake is being scrutinized. Objective: We tested the effects of environmental enrichment on ethanol intake, preference, and anxiety-like response as well as shelter seeking and risk-taking behaviors. Methods: Experiment 1 examined ethanol intake, preference, and anxiety-like responses in 46 male and 54 female Wistar rats that were derived from a short-term breeding program that selected for high and low ethanol drinking during adolescence (ADHI2 and ADLO2 lines, respectively). Shelter-seeking and risk-taking behaviors were assessed (Experiment 2) in ADHI2 and ADLO2 rats (73 males, 76 females) reared under environmental enrichment or standard housing conditions and given doses of ethanol (2.5 g/kg, intraperitoneal) for 3 weeks. Environmental enrichment was applied on postnatal days 21–42. Ethanol intake was measured on postnatal days 42–68. Anxiety-like behavior and exploratory responses were assessed using the light-dark box and multivariate concentric square field test. Results: In Experiment 1, environmental enrichment increased ethanol intake in female, but not male, ADHI2 and ADLO2 rats (p < 0.05). In the baseline measurement of Experiment 2, ADHI2 rats exhibited reduced risk-taking and increased anxiety-like behavior (p < .05). After exposure to environmental enrichment the ADHI and ADLO rats, both males and females, exhibited increased risk-taking and exploratory behavior (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Environmental enrichment appears to increase ethanol intake in female rats by promoting the exploration of new environments or stimuli. The findings indicate that environmental enrichment increased ethanol intake in female, but not male, rats. Clinical programs that treat alcohol use disorder by emphasizing environmental stimulation should be designed with caution.
On the size of identifying codes in triangle-free graphs
Creators: name: Foucaud, Florent
name: Klasing, Ralf
name: Kosowski, Adrian
name: Raspaud, André
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In an undirected graph $G$, a subset $C\subseteq V(G)$ such that $C$ is a dominating set of $G$, and each vertex in $V(G)$ is dominated by a distinct subset of vertices from $C$, is called an identifying code of $G$. The concept of identifying codes was introduced by Karpovsky, Chakrabarty and Levitin in 1998. For a given identifiable graph $G$, let $\M(G)$ be the minimum cardinality of an identifying code in $G$. In this paper, we show that for any connected identifiable triangle-free graph $G$ on $n$ vertices having maximum degree $Δ\geq 3$, $\M(G)\le n-\tfrac{n}{Δ+o(Δ)}$. This bound is asymptotically tight up to constants due to various classes of graphs including $(Δ-1)$-ary trees, which are known to have their minimum identifying code of size $n-\tfrac{n}{Δ-1+o(1)}$. We also provide improved bounds for restricted subfamilies of triangle-free graphs, and conjecture that there exists some constant $c$ such that the bound $\M(G)\le n-\tfrac{n}Δ+c$ holds for any nontrivial connected identifiable graph $G$.
Mixed state entanglement measures for the dipole deformed supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory
Creators: name: Chowdhury, Anirban Roy
name: Saha, Ashis
name: Gangopadhyay, Sunandan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two different entanglement measures for mixed states, namely, the entanglement of purification and entanglement negativity has been holographically computed for the dipole deformed supersymmetric Yang-Mills (SYM) theory by considering its gravity dual. The dipole deformation induces non-locality in the SYM theory which is characterized by a length-scale $a=λ^{\frac{1}{2}}\tilde{L}$. Considering a strip like subsystem of length $\frac{l}{a}$ (in dimensionless form), we first analytically calculate the holographic entanglement entropy for and compare the obtained results with that of obtained numerically.~The analytical calculations have been carried out by considering $au_t \leq 1$,~$1\leq au_t < au_b$ and $au_t\sim au_b$, where $au_b$ is the UV cut-off. The choice of these regions enable us to identify the expansion parameters needed to carry out binomial expansions. The entanglement measures expectedly displays a smooth behaviour with respect to the subsystem size as the geometry has a smooth transition between the mentioned regions. Using these results, the holographic mutual information is then computed for two disjoint subsystems $A$ and $B$. Based upon the $E_{P}=E_{W}$ duality, the entanglement of purification ($E_{P}$) is then computed and the effects of dipole deformation in this context have been studied. Finally, we proceed to compute entanglement negativity for this theory and compare the obtained result with that of the standard SYM theory in order to get a better understanding about the effects of the non-locality.
description: 23 pages Latex,7 figures
Correlated insulator in two Coulomb-coupled quantum wires
Creators: name: Chou, Yang-Zhi
name: Sarma, Sankar Das
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by the recently discovered incompressible insulating phase in the bilayer graphene exciton experiment [arXiv:2306.16995], we study using bosonization two Coulomb-coupled spinless quantum wires and examine the possibility of realizing the similar phenomenology in one dimension. We explore the possible phases as functions of $k_{F}$'s and interactions. We show that an incompressible insulating phase can arise for two lightly doped electron-hole quantum wires (i.e., $k_{F1}=-k_{F2}$ and small $|k_{F1}|$) due to strong interwire interactions. Such an insulating phase forms a parity-even wire-antisymmetric charge density wave without interwire phase coherence, which melts to a phase allowing for a perfect negative drag upon heating. The finite-temperature response is qualitatively consistent with the ``exciton solid'' phenomenology in the bilayer graphene exciton experiment.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures. Published version
Time Series Classification by Class-Specific Mahalanobis Distance Measures
Creators: name: Prekopcsák, Zoltán
name: Lemire, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: To classify time series by nearest neighbors, we need to specify or learn one or several distance measures. We consider variations of the Mahalanobis distance measures which rely on the inverse covariance matrix of the data. Unfortunately --- for time series data --- the covariance matrix has often low rank. To alleviate this problem we can either use a pseudoinverse, covariance shrinking or limit the matrix to its diagonal. We review these alternatives and benchmark them against competitive methods such as the related Large Margin Nearest Neighbor Classification (LMNN) and the Dynamic Time Warping (DTW) distance. As we expected, we find that the DTW is superior, but the Mahalanobis distance measures are one to two orders of magnitude faster. To get best results with Mahalanobis distance measures, we recommend learning one distance measure per class using either covariance shrinking or the diagonal approach.
title: Влияние пандемии COVID-19 на развитие экономики Канады
Creators: name: Александров, Илья
Publisher: name: Новгородский государственный университет имени Ярослава Мудрого (НовГУ)
Year: 2022

description: В статье проведён анализ влияния пандемии COVID-19 на развитие экономики Канады. Выделены основные перспективы развития канадской экономики и возможности её дальнейшего роста. Показано влияние последствий пандемии COVID-19 на динамику основных макроэкономических показателей Канады. Проанализированы сдвиги в отраслевой структуре страны. Рассмотрена многовекторная направленность программ и планов канадского правительства по преодолению последствий коронавирусной инфекции
COVID-19. Проанализированы особенности реализации Плана экономического реагирования на COVID-19 на федеральном и местном уровнях. Показаны ключевые направления антикризисной политики Канады и степень реализации программ и планов по преодолению последствий пандемии COVID-19. Обозначены специфические проблемы канадской экономики, образовавшиеся в результате наступления пандемии COVID-19 и возможные
перспективы дальнейшего экономического роста канадской экономики после преодоления рецессии и возврата производственных мощностей на докризисный уровень.
Superpotential algebras and manifolds
Creators: name: Davison, Ben
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: K-Theory and Homology (math.KT)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper we study a special class of Calabi-Yau algebras (in the sense of Ginzburg): those arising as the fundamental group algebras of acyclic manifolds. Motivated partly by the usefulness of `superpotential descriptions' in motivic Donaldson-Thomas theory, we investigate the question of whether these algebras admit superpotential presentations. We establish that the fundamental group algebras of a wide class of acyclic manifolds, including all hyperbolic manifolds, do not admit such descriptions, disproving Ginzburg's conjecture regarding them. We also describe a class of manifolds that do admit such descriptions, and discuss a little their motivic Donaldson-Thomas theory. Finally, some links with topological field theory are described.
description: 31 pages, 2 figures, final version. Thanks to M. Kontsevich, V. Ginzburg, M, Van den Bergh and B. Keller for helpful comments and corrections. I've added some examples e.g. Klein bottle
Transforming complex network to the acyclic one
Creators: name: Shevchuk, Roman
name: Snarskii, Andrew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Acyclic networks are a class of complex networks in which links are directed and don't have closed loops. Here we present an algorithm for transforming an ordinary undirected complex network into an acyclic one. Further analysis of an acyclic network allows finding structural properties of the network. With our approach one can find the communities and key nodes in complex networks. Also we propose a new parameter of complex networks which can mark most vulnerable nodes of the system. The proposed algorithm can be applied to finding communities and bottlenecks in general complex networks.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures
The Magellanic Puzzle: origin of the periphery
Creators: name: Massana, Pol
name: Nidever, David L.
name: Olsen, Knut
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we analyse the metallicity structure of the Magellanic Clouds using parameters derived from the Gaia DR3 low-resolution XP spectra, astrometry and photometry. We find that the qualitative behavior of the radial metallicity gradients in the LMC and SMC are quite similar, with both of them having a metallicity plateau at intermediate radii and a second at larger radii. The LMC has a first metallicity plateau at [Fe/H]$\approx$-0.8 for 3$-$7$^{\circ}$, while the SMC has one at [Fe/H]$\approx$-1.1 at 3$-$5$^{\circ}$. The outer LMC periphery has a fairly constant metallicity of [Fe/H]$\approx$-1.0 (10$-$18$^{\circ}$), while the outer SMC periphery has a value of [Fe/H]$\approx$-1.3 (6$-$10$^{\circ}$). The sharp drop in metallicity in the LMC at $\sim$8$^{\circ}$ and the marked difference in age distributions in these two regions suggests that there were two important evolutionary phases in the LMC. In addition, we find that the Magellanic periphery substructures, likely Magellanic debris, are mostly dominated by LMC material stripped off in old interactions with the SMC. This presents a new picture in contrast with the popular belief that the debris around the Clouds had been mostly stripped off from the SMC due to having a lower mass. We perform a detailed analysis for each known substructure and identify its potential origin based on metallicities and motions with respect to each galaxy.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures. Accepted to MNRAS for publication. Comments welcome!
Additional file 1 of Comparing adherence to MDR-TB treatment among patients on self-administered therapy and those on directly observed therapy: non-inferiority randomized controlled trial
Creators: name: Wekesa, Clara
name: Sekaggya-Wiltshire, Christine
name: Muyanja, Stella Zawedde
name: Lume, Ivan
name: Nabaggala, Maria Sarah
name: Parkes-Ratanshi, Rosalind
name: Akello, Susan Adakun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1.
Faithful Squashed Entanglement
Creators: name: Brandao, Fernando G. S. L.
name: Christandl, Matthias
name: Yard, Jon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Squashed entanglement is a measure for the entanglement of bipartite quantum states. In this paper we present a lower bound for squashed entanglement in terms of a distance to the set of separable states. This implies that squashed entanglement is faithful, that is, strictly positive if and only if the state is entangled. We derive the bound on squashed entanglement from a bound on quantum conditional mutual information, which is used to define squashed entanglement and corresponds to the amount by which strong subadditivity of von Neumann entropy fails to be saturated. Our result therefore sheds light on the structure of states that almost satisfy strong subadditivity with equality. The proof is based on two recent results from quantum information theory: the operational interpretation of the quantum mutual information as the optimal rate for state redistribution and the interpretation of the regularised relative entropy of entanglement as an error exponent in hypothesis testing. The distance to the set of separable states is measured by the one-way LOCC norm, an operationally-motivated norm giving the optimal probability of distinguishing two bipartite quantum states, each shared by two parties, using any protocol formed by local quantum operations and one-directional classical communication between the parties. A similar result for the Frobenius or Euclidean norm follows immediately. The result has two applications in complexity theory. The first is a quasipolynomial-time algorithm solving the weak membership problem for the set of separable states in one-way LOCC or Euclidean norm. The second concerns quantum Merlin-Arthur games. Here we show that multiple provers are not more powerful than a single prover when the verifier is restricted to one-way LOCC operations thereby providing a new characterisation of the complexity class QMA.
description: 24 pages, 1 figure, 1 table. Due to an error in the published version, claims have been weakened from the LOCC norm to the one-way LOCC norm
Additional file 1 of Barrier analysis for continuity of palliative care from health facility to household among adult cancer patients in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Creators: name: Abate, Yonas
name: Solomon, Kalkidan
name: Azmera, Yoseph Mamo
name: de Fouw, Marlieke
name: Kaba, Mirgissa
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Interview guide for patients. The interview guide includes questions on socio-demographic characteristics, and questions about diagnosis, barriers to palliative care, continuum of care, and areas of improvement.
Sequential Monte Carlo pricing of American-style options under stochastic volatility models
Creators: name: Rambharat, Bhojnarine R.
name: Brockwell, Anthony E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Computational Finance (q-fin.CP)
subject: Pricing of Securities (q-fin.PR)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We introduce a new method to price American-style options on underlying investments governed by stochastic volatility (SV) models. The method does not require the volatility process to be observed. Instead, it exploits the fact that the optimal decision functions in the corresponding dynamic programming problem can be expressed as functions of conditional distributions of volatility, given observed data. By constructing statistics summarizing information about these conditional distributions, one can obtain high quality approximate solutions. Although the required conditional distributions are in general intractable, they can be arbitrarily precisely approximated using sequential Monte Carlo schemes. The drawback, as with many Monte Carlo schemes, is potentially heavy computational demand. We present two variants of the algorithm, one closely related to the well-known least-squares Monte Carlo algorithm of Longstaff and Schwartz [The Review of Financial Studies 14 (2001) 113-147], and the other solving the same problem using a "brute force" gridding approach. We estimate an illustrative SV model using Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods for three equities. We also demonstrate the use of our algorithm by estimating the posterior distribution of the market price of volatility risk for each of the three equities.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/09-AOAS286 the Annals of Applied Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aoas/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
The timing bottleneck: Why timing and overlap are mission-critical for conversational user interfaces, speech recognition and dialogue systems
Creators: name: Liesenfeld, Andreas
name: Lopez, Alianda
name: Dingemanse, Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Speech recognition systems are a key intermediary in voice-driven human-computer interaction. Although speech recognition works well for pristine monologic audio, real-life use cases in open-ended interactive settings still present many challenges. We argue that timing is mission-critical for dialogue systems, and evaluate 5 major commercial ASR systems for their conversational and multilingual support. We find that word error rates for natural conversational data in 6 languages remain abysmal, and that overlap remains a key challenge (study 1). This impacts especially the recognition of conversational words (study 2), and in turn has dire consequences for downstream intent recognition (study 3). Our findings help to evaluate the current state of conversational ASR, contribute towards multidimensional error analysis and evaluation, and identify phenomena that need most attention on the way to build robust interactive speech technologies.
Dynamical Variational Monte Carlo as a quantum impurity solver: Application to Cluster Dynamical Mean-Field Theory
Creators: name: Rosenberg, P.
name: Sénéchal, D.
name: Tremblay, A. -M. S.
name: Charlebois, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two of the primary sources of error in the Cluster dynamical mean-field theory (CDMFT) technique arise from the use of finite size clusters and finite size baths, which makes the development of impurity solvers that can treat larger systems an essential goal. In this work we introduce an impurity solver based on the recently developed dynamical variational Monte Carlo (dVMC) method. Variational Monte Carlo possesses a favorable scaling as a function of system size, which enables the treatment of systems beyond the reach of current exact diagonalization solvers. To benchmark the technique, we perform a systematic set of CDMFT calculations on the one-dimensional Hubbard model. We compare to results obtained with an exact diagonalization solver for small clusters, and against the exact solution in the thermodynamic limit obtained by Lieb and Wu for larger clusters. The development of improved impurity solvers will help extend the reach of quantum cluster methods, which can be applied to a wide range of strongly-correlated electron systems, promising new insights on their emergent behavior.
description: 10 pages, 11 figures
Flag manifolds, symmetric $\fr{t}$-triples and Einstein metrics
Creators: name: Chrysikos, Ioannis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C25, 53C30

description: Let $G$ be a compact connected simple Lie group and let $M=G^{\bb{C}}/P=G/K$ be a generalized flag manifold. In this article we focus on an important invariant of $G/K$, the so called $\fr{t}$-root system $R_{\fr{t}}$, and we introduce the notion of symmetric $\fr{t}$-triples, that is triples of $\fr{t}$-roots $ξ, ζ, η\in R_{\fr{t}}$ such that $ξ+η+ζ=0$. We describe their properties and we present an interesting application on the structure constants of $G/K$, quantities which are straightforward related to the construction of the homogeneous Einstein metric on $G/K$. Next we classify symmetric $\fr{t}$-triples for generalized flag manifolds $G/K$ with second Betti number $b_{2}(G/K)=1$, and we treat also the case of full flag manifolds $G/T$, where $T$ is a maximal torus of $G$. In the last section we construct the homogeneous Einstein equation on flag manifolds $G/K$ with five isotropy summands, determined by the simple Lie group $G=\SO(7)$. By solving the corresponding algebraic system we classify all $\SO(7)$-invariant (non-isometric) Einstein metrics, and these are the very first results towards the classification of homogeneous Einstein metrics on flag manifolds with five isotropy summands.
description: 18 pages (the text has been reduced to 18 pages, some misprints has been corrected, unchanged results)
Evaluating the effects of nitrogen urea fertilization on western redcedar growth, soil carbon stocks, and greenhouse gas emissions on Haida Gwaii, B.C.
Creators: name: Boyer, Christophe Richard
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2023

description: Western redcedar (Thuja plicata) is a major component of native forests on Haida Gwaii, British Columbia, Canada, and a culturally indispensable species to the Haida people. However, its natural regeneration is unachievable due to intensive grazing by the island’s overabundant population of Sitka black-tailed deer. Forest fertilization with nitrogen (N)-urea has been shown to increase the growth rate of western redcedar in the Pacific Northwest, thus increasing aboveground carbon (C) sequestration. N-urea fertilization can also increase soil C storage by increasing litter inputs and decreasing the rate of soil organic matter decomposition. Using a paired-tree design, we tested the effects of N-urea fertilization (200 kg N/ha⁻¹) on western redcedar growth, soil C, N, and microbial biomass C in the forest floor and mineral soil one year following fertilization at six replicate plots in 14–19-year-old stands on Graham Island, Haida Gwaii. We also measured soil greenhouse gas fluxes (CO₂, CH₄, N₂O) for a period of 56 days and one year after fertilization to evaluate the net benefit of fertilization on forest C storage. N-urea pellets were rapidly mineralized, releasing a flush of CO₂ in the first 4 days after application. A sustained increase in CO₂ emissions was observed for 2 months after application, but emissions reverted to levels of controls after 12 months. Fertilization had no effect on CH₄ or N₂O emissions. N-urea had no effect on the change in soil C or N in any soil fraction from 2021-2022 but did increase microbial biomass C in the mineral soil in 2 of the 6 plots. Fertilized trees showed a significant increase in biomass, and thus C sequestration, compared to controls in 2 of the 6 plots, which was greater than the amount of C lost via increased CO₂ emissions. Increases in the growth rate of tree height and diameter after one year suggest that western redcedar is responding to fertilization, which may lead to an increase in aboveground C storage. However, further studies will be crucial in determining the long-term response of western redcedar growth to N-urea fertilization and evaluating changes in soil C storage.
Boosted dark matter from a phantom fluid
Creators: name: Cline, James M.
name: Puel, Matteo
name: Toma, Takashi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is known that theories of phantom dark energy, considered as quantum fields, predict a continuous production of positive- plus negative-energy particles, from spontaneous decay of the vacuum. We show that this can be a new source of boosted dark matter or radiation, with consequences for direct detection. We set constraints on such models using data from the XENONnT experiment, and we show that recent excess events reported by the DAMIC experiment can be consistently described as coming from dark radiation, produced by vacuum decay, interacting with electrons.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures; v2: expanded conclusions, published version
Additional file 2 of Barrier analysis for continuity of palliative care from health facility to household among adult cancer patients in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Creators: name: Abate, Yonas
name: Solomon, Kalkidan
name: Azmera, Yoseph Mamo
name: de Fouw, Marlieke
name: Kaba, Mirgissa
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2: Interview guide for families/primary caregivers. The interview guide includes questions on socio-demographic characteristics, and questions about diagnosis, barriers to palliative care, continuum of care, and areas of improvement.
Additional file 3 of Barrier analysis for continuity of palliative care from health facility to household among adult cancer patients in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Creators: name: Abate, Yonas
name: Solomon, Kalkidan
name: Azmera, Yoseph Mamo
name: de Fouw, Marlieke
name: Kaba, Mirgissa
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 3: Interview guide for healthcare providers. The interview guide includes questions on socio-demographic characteristics, and questions about diagnosis, barriers to palliative care, continuum of care, and areas of improvement.