Chiasmocleis supercilialba , Morales and McDiarmid 2009
Creators: name: Peloso, Pedro L. V.
name: Sturaro, Marcelo José
name: Forlani, Mauricio C.
name: Gaucher, Philippe
name: Motta, Ana Paula
name: Wheeler, Ward C.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Amphibia
Anura
Microhylidae
Chiasmocleis
Chiasmocleis supercilialba

description: Chiasmocleis supercilialba Morales and McDiarmid, 2009 Figure 35, plate 8   
 Chiasmocleis supercilialbus (Morales and McDiarmid, 2009). Incorrect spelling in the original description (see Peloso et al., 2013).   
 Syncope supercilialbus (de Sá et al., 2012).   
HOLOTYPE: MHNSM 16174; examined solely from a photograph, in life (not shown).  
 TYPE LOCALITY: Pakitza, Reserve Zone, Manu National Park, ca. 57 km northwestern from the mouth of Rio Manu (11 ° 569470S / 71 ° 179000W), on Rio Manu, Departamento Madre de Dios, Peru.   
DIAGNOSIS: A medium-sized species for the genus; SVL in males 18.4–18.7 mm (Morales and McDiarmid, 2009). Females unknown. Body ovoid to elongate; head triangular, snout rounded in dorsal and lateral views. Four distinctive fingers; FI well developed, subarticular tubercle may be absent or present; subarticular tubercles present on all remaining fingers, sometimes hardly visible; adpressed FI never extends past the distal margin of subarticular tubercle of FII; adpressed FIV does not reach distal tubercle of FIII; palmar tubercles present, not divided; relative finger lengths I,II, IV,III. Five distinctive toes present, first may be much reduced; toes may be slightly fringed; toes not webbed; TI lacks tubercle; adpressed TI does not touch subarticular tubercle of TII; adpressed TV does not touch middle subarticular tubercle of TIV; TII–IV with terminal discs, usually more developed in females, but also present in males; relative toe lengths I,II,V,III,IV. An inguinal blotch of varied shape is always present. Venter (belly and under surfaces of thighs) usually white or cream with black or dark brown irregular spots.  
VARIATION: Some variation in color pattern was observed from photos of live specimens (pl. 8) and examination of a paratype (USNM 342862: fig. 35). The dorsum can be dark brown, to almost uniformly whitish (silver) and may show reddish blotches and white spots (when not entirely whitish). A wide white stripe is almost invariably present from the snout to past the eyelids, sometimes extending to the inguinal region (forming the split stripe). A very narrow dorsal white line commonly present, extending from the occipital region to the cloacal region. Dorsal surfaces of forearm yellowish, orange or red, while dorsal surfaces of hind limbs usually follow the general dorsal pattern. As reported by Morales and McDiarmid (2009) the shape and number of inguinal and lateral blotches (or spots) is variable, but commonly dark brown. Throat region with intense brown reticulation over a white (or cream-colored) background. Chest, belly, and undersurfaces of limbs with large, dark brown spots or irregular blotches (fig. 35, pl. 8D, F, H).  
 CALL AND TADPOLE: The advertisement call of C. supercilialba was described by Morales and McDiarmid (2009). Call consists of a fast series of multipulsed notes (mean note duration 31.0 ms; mean interval between notes 37.0 ms) with dominant frequency between 2985.8–3205.0 Hz. Number of pulses per note not given. Tadpoles are unknown.   
 REMARKS: A population from Rio Formoso, state of Rondônia, Brazil (OMNH 37204–37206, 37308–37309, 37319), present dermal spines on dorsum, upper lips, cloacal region, fingers, and toes. The specimens also show well-developed fringes on the fingers and toes, and the toes are basally webbed. These specimens, therefore, agree (in part) with the diagnosis of Chiasmocleis supercilialba (see Morales and McDiarmid 2009, and text above). We tentatively assign the Rio Formoso specimens to C. supercilialba.   
DISTRIBUTION (fig. 36): Southern Peru (Madre de Dios) and western Brazil (Acre and Rondônia).
description: Published as part of Peloso, Pedro L. V., Sturaro, Marcelo José, Forlani, Mauricio C., Gaucher, Philippe, Motta, Ana Paula & Wheeler, Ward C., 2014, Phylogeny, Taxonomic Revision, And Character Evolution Of The Genera Chiasmocleis And Syncope (Anura, Microhylidae) In Amazonia, With Descriptions Of Three New Species, pp. 1 in Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2014 (386) on pages 55-57, DOI: 10.1206/834.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5378601