cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Research-Based Course Materials and Assessments for Upper-Division Electrodynamics (E&M II)
Creators: name: Baily, Charles
name: Dubson, Michael
name: Pollock, Steven J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Favorable outcomes from ongoing research at the University of Colorado Boulder on student learning in junior-level electrostatics (E&M I) have led us to extend this work to upper-division electrodynamics (E&M II). We describe here our development of a set of research-based instructional materials designed to actively engage students during lecture (including clicker questions and other in-class activities); and an instrument for assessing whether our faculty-consensus learning goals are being met. We also discuss preliminary results from several recent implementations of our transformed curriculum, plans for the dissemination and further refinement of these materials, and offer some insights into student difficulties in advanced undergraduate electromagnetism.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures; describes advanced electrodynamics course materials available at: http://per.colorado.edu/Electrodynamics ; PERC Proceedings 2012. PACS: 01.40.Fk, 01.40.Di, 01.40.gb
Reflecting Lindelöf and converging omega_1-sequences
Creators: name: Dow, Alan
name: Hart, Klaas Pieter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: General Topology (math.GN)
subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 54D30 (Primary) 03E35, 54A20, 54A25, 54A35, 54D20 (Secondary)

description: We deal with a conjectured dichotomy for compact Hausdorff spaces: each such space contains a non-trivial converging omega-sequence or a non-trivial converging omega_1-sequence. We establish that this dichotomy holds in a variety of models; these include the Cohen models, the random real models and any model obtained from a model of CH by an iteration of property K posets. In fact in these models every compact Hausdorff space without non-trivial converging omega_1-sequences is first-countable and, in addition, has many aleph_1-sized Lindelöf subspaces. As a corollary we find that in these models all compact Hausdorff spaces with a small diagonal are metrizable.
description: New version after referee's report
Online teaching in China during the COVID-19 pandemic : how online teaching affects K-12 teachers
Creators: name: Zhao, Lili
name: 0000-0002-5994-9734
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2020
Subjects: Online teaching
Pandemic
K-12 teachers
COVID-19
Remote teaching
China

description: In response to the outbreak of the COVID-19, the China's Ministry of Education (MOE) launched an emergency initiative called "Stop Going to School Without Stopping Teaching and Learning" to guarantee students studying at home. K-12 schools across the country are actively participating in the experiment of transition in-person classroom learning into a virtual experience. This report pays attention to K-12 teachers from three perspectives: (1) How do K-12 teachers deliver learning to students?; (2) What roles do K-12 teachers play?; (3) what difficulties that K-12 teachers are facing?. Based on a careful review of the literature and thorough analysis of the online teaching practice recently in China, I analyzed the seven online platforms widely used by Chinese teachers and three main online teaching methods. Also, I redefined the tasks and the role of teachers in a virtual environment. Besides, the difficulties faced by primary and secondary school teachers are carefully discussed. Finally, a series of suggestions are given to improve the online teaching experience in the future.
Quantum Correlations and the Measurement Problem
Creators: name: Bub, Jeffrey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The transition from classical to quantum mechanics rests on the recognition that the structure of information is not what we thought it was: there are operational, i.e., phenomenal, probabilistic correlations that lie outside the polytope of local correlations. Such correlations cannot be simulated with classical resources, which generate classical correlations represented by the points in a simplex, where the vertices of the simplex represent joint deterministic states that are the common causes of the correlations. The `no go' hidden variable theorems tell us that we can't shoe-horn correlations outside the local polytope into a classical simplex by supposing that something has been left out of the story. The replacement of the classical simplex by the quantum convex set as the structure representing probabilistic correlations is the analogue for quantum mechanics of the replacement of Newton's Euclidean space and time by Minkowski spacetime in special relativity. The nonclassical features of quantum mechanics, including the irreducible information loss on measurement, are generic features of correlations that lie outside the local correlation polytope. This paper is an elaboration of these ideas, and its consequences for the measurement problem of quantum mechanics. A large part of the difficulty is removed by seeing that the inconsistency in reconciling the entangled state at the end of a quantum measurement process with the definiteness of the macroscopic pointer reading and the definiteness of the correlated value of the measured micro-observable is only apparent and depends on a stipulation that is not required by the structure of the quantum possibility space. Replacing this stipulation by an alternative consistent stipulation resolves the problem.
description: 28 pages, 1 figure. Based on a talk for the Symposium 'Quantum Foundations and Logical Dynamics,' at the 11th Biennial IQSA Meeting 'Quantum Structures Cagliari 2012.' Revised version corrects discussion of polytopes, primarily in section 2 (thanks to Tony Sudbury). Figures revised. For v3, corrected confusing typo on p. 13
Exclusivity structures and graph representatives of local complementation orbits
Creators: name: Cabello, Adan
name: Parker, Matthew G.
name: Scarpa, Giannicola
name: Severini, Simone
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We describe a construction that maps any connected graph G on three or more vertices into a larger graph, H(G), whose independence number is strictly smaller than its Lovász number which is equal to its fractional packing number. The vertices of H(G) represent all possible events consistent with the stabilizer group of the graph state associated with G, and exclusive events are adjacent. Mathematically, the graph H(G) corresponds to the orbit of G under local complementation. Physically, the construction translates into graph-theoretic terms the connection between a graph state and a Bell inequality maximally violated by quantum mechanics. In the context of zero-error information theory, the construction suggests a protocol achieving the maximum rate of entanglement-assisted capacity, a quantum mechanical analogue of the Shannon capacity, for each H(G). The violation of the Bell inequality is expressed by the one-shot version of this capacity being strictly larger than the independence number. Finally, given the correspondence between graphs and exclusivity structures, we are able to compute the independence number for certain infinite families of graphs with the use of quantum non-locality, therefore highlighting an application of quantum theory in the proof of a purely combinatorial statement.
description: 20 pages, 1 figure
Validation of the WRF-ARW Eclipse Model with Measurements from the 2019 & 2020 Total Solar Eclipses
Creators: name: Spangrude, Carl
name: Wang, June
name: Fowler, Jennifer
name: Moss, William Graham
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
subject: Numerical Analysis and Scientific Computing
subject: Earth Sciences
subject: Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology
subject: Computer Sciences
subject: Atmospheric Sciences
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Other Earth Sciences
subject: WRF
subject: eclipse

description: Datasets related to measurements and modeling of the 2019 and 2020 total solar eclipses.
Magnetic Field-Induced Lattice Effects in a Quasi-2D Organic Conductor Close to the Mott Metal-Insulator Transition
Creators: name: de Souza, Mariano
name: Brühl, Andreas
name: Strack, Christian
name: Schweitzer, Dieter
name: Lang, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present ultra-high-resolution dilatometric studies in magnetic fields on a quasi-two-dimensional organic conductor $κ$-(D8-BEDT-TTF)$_{2}$Cu[N(CN)$_{2}$]Br, which is located close to the Mott metal-insulator (MI) transition. The obtained thermal expansion coefficient, $α(T)$, reveals two remarkable features: (i) the Mott MI transition temperature $T_{MI}$ = (13.6 $\pm$ 0.6)\,K is insensitive to fields up to 10\,T, the highest applied field; (ii) for fields along the interlayer \emph{b}-axis, a magnetic-field-induced (FI) phase transition at $T_{FI}$ = (9.5 $\pm$ 0.5)\,K is observed above a threshold field $H_c \sim$ 1 T, indicative of a spin reorientation with strong magneto-elastic coupling.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Role of conviction in nonequilibrium models of opinion formation
Creators: name: Crokidakis, Nuno
name: Anteneodo, Celia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We analyze the critical behavior of a class of discrete opinion models in the presence of disorder. Within this class, each agent opinion takes a discrete value ($\pm 1$ or 0) and its time evolution is ruled by two terms, one representing agent-agent interactions and the other the degree of conviction or persuasion (a self-interaction). The mean-field limit, where each agent can interact evenly with any other, is considered. Disorder is introduced in the strength of both interactions, with either quenched or annealed random variables. With probability $p$ (1-$p$), a pairwise interaction reflects a negative (positive) coupling, while the degree of conviction also follows a binary probability distribution (two different discrete probability distributions are considered). Numerical simulations show that a non-equilibrium continuous phase transition, from a disordered state to a state with a prevailing opinion, occurs at a critical point $p_{c}$ that depends on the distribution of the convictions, the transition being spoiled in some cases. We also show how the critical line, for each model, is affected by the update scheme (either parallel or sequential) as well as by the kind of disorder (either quenched or annealed).
description: 7 pages, 5 figures, to appear in PRE
Diophantine properties of measures invariant with respect to the Gauss map
Creators: name: Fishman, Lior
name: Simmons, David
name: Urbanski, Mariusz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Motivated by the work of D. Y. Kleinbock, E. Lindenstrauss, G. A. Margulis, and B. Weiss, we explore the Diophantine properties of probability measures invariant under the Gauss map. Specifically, we prove that every such measure which has finite Lyapunov exponent is extremal, i.e. gives zero measure to the set of very well approximable numbers. We show on the other hand that there exist examples where the Lyapunov exponent is infinite and the invariant measure is not extremal. Finally, we answer in the negative a question posed by Kleinbock, Lindenstrauss, and Weiss, by constructing a family of measures on the real line which are Ahlfors regular and yet do not satisfy a 0-1 law for approximability.
Gleichstellungsrecht, Gleichstellungspolitik und Gender-Justice: Historische Sichtweisen einer Feministischen Rechtswissenschaft
Creators: name: Harzer, Regina
Publisher: name: querelles-net
Year: 2008
Subjects: Gleichstellung; Recht; Beruf; Geschlecht; Gender

description: querelles-net, Nr. 25 (2008): Recht II
Strong seasonality in diets and alarming levels of food insecurity and child malnutrition in south-eastern Madagascar
Creators: name: Rousseau, Samuel
name: Steinke, Jonathan
name: Vincent, Méloé
name: Andriatseheno, Hanitriniavo
name: Pontarollo, Julie
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: dietary diversity
subject: nutrition
subject: vulnerability
subject: rural livelihoods
subject: stunting
subject: wasting
subject: lean period
subject: self-sufficiency
subject: 630 Landwirtschaft und verwandte Bereiche

description: Rural areas of Madagascar face a tense food and nutrition security situation. The country reports some of the highest rates of undernourishment and malnutrition worldwide. Evidence is scant, however, about how the rural people’s diets vary over the course of the agricultural year, and how different household types deal with fluctuating food availability. This lack of detailed understanding of the food and nutrition security situation across time and social strata currently limits development stakeholders’ ability to tailor interventions to local needs. Using randomly sampled survey data from Farafangana District in south-eastern Madagascar, this study analyzes rural households’ diets across three time points within one year (minor lean period, major lean period, main post-harvest period). In addition, anthropometric data on children aged 6–59 months were collected during the major lean period to determine levels of chronic and acute child malnutrition. Overall, food insecurity stood at high levels at all times, but with substantial variation across the year. Shortly before the main rice harvest, the prevalence of moderate and severe food insecurity was 78%, twice as high as shortly after harvest. With 57% of children stunted and a 17% prevalence of wasting, the observed levels of chronic and acute child malnutrition exceed levels reported previously. By studying what households eat and how they source it (own production vs. purchases), we found distinct patterns of food acquisition between the three periods. Diminishing food security is reflected by substituting rice by cassava, unripe jackfruit (minor lean period), and local tuber tavolo (major lean period), as well as by lower diversity of side dishes. Our results underline the need for long-term agricultural development strategies that contribute to greater household food self-sufficiency especially during the lean periods. But the alarming level of acute child malnutrition also calls for more immediate humanitarian aid and public health interventions.
Internationale Reformforderungen zum Familienrecht und Rechtskämpfe des Frauenweltbundes – ein neues Forschungsprojekt
Creators: name: Duncker, Arne
Publisher: name: querelles-net
Year: 2008
Subjects: Familie; Alte Frauenbewegungen; Geschlecht; Gender

description: querelles-net, Nr. 25 (2008): Recht II
Towards Scalable Parallel-in-Time Turbulent Flow Simulations
Creators: name: Wang, Qiqi
name: Gomez, Steven
name: Blonigan, Patrick
name: Gregory, Alastair
name: Qian, Elizabeth
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We present a reformulation of unsteady turbulent flow simulations. The initial condition is relaxed and information is allowed to propagate both forward and backward in time. Simulations of chaotic dynamical systems with this reformulation can be proven to be well-conditioned time domain boundary value problems. The reformulation can enable scalable parallel-in-time simulation of turbulent flows.
description: 11 pages, 17 figures. Accepted for publication in Physics of Fluids
Splayed divisors and their Chern classes
Creators: name: Aluffi, Paolo
name: Faber, Eleonore
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14J17, 32S25, 14C17

description: We obtain several new characterizations of splayedness for divisors: a Leibniz property for ideals of singularity subschemes, the vanishing of a `splayedness' module, and the requirements that certain natural morphisms of modules and sheaves of logarithmic derivations and logarithmic differentials be isomorphisms. We also consider the effect of splayedness on the Chern classes of sheaves of differential forms with logarithmic poles along splayed divisors, as well as on the Chern-Schwartz-MacPherson classes of the complements of these divisors. A postulated relation between these different notions of Chern class leads to a conjectural identity for Chern-Schwartz-MacPherson classes of splayed divisors and subvarieties, which we are able to verify in several template situations.
description: 18 pages, 1 figure. v2: minor inaccuracies corrected, references added
Entanglement Entropy in Scalar Field Theory
Creators: name: Hertzberg, Mark P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Understanding the dependence of entanglement entropy on the renormalized mass in quantum field theories can provide insight into phenomena such as quantum phase transitions, since the mass varies in a singular way near the transition. Here we perturbatively calculate the entanglement entropy in interacting scalar field theory, focussing on the dependence on the field's mass. We study lambda phi^4 and g phi^3 theories in their ground state. By tracing over a half space, using the replica trick and position space Green's functions on the cone, we show that space-time volume divergences cancel and renormalization can be consistently performed in this conical geometry. We establish finite contributions to the entanglement entropy up to two-loop order, involving a finite area law. The resulting entropy is simple and intuitive: the free theory result in d=3 (that we included in an earlier publication) Delta S ~ A m^2 ln(m^2) is altered, to leading order, by replacing the bare mass m by the renormalized mass m_r evaluated at the renormalization scale of zero momentum.
description: 16 pages, 4 figures, v2: Updated to resemble published version
Charging of Aggregate Grains in Astrophysical Environments
Creators: name: Ma, Qianyu
name: Land, Victor
name: Matthews, Lorin
name: Hyde, Truell
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The charging of dust grains in astrophysical environments has been investigated with the assumption these grains are homogeneous spheres. However, there is evidence which suggests many grains in astrophysical environments are irregularly-shaped aggregates. Recent studies have shown that aggregates acquire higher charge-to-mass ratios due to their complex structures, which in turn may alter their subsequent dynamics and evolution. In this paper, the charging of aggregates is examined including secondary electron emission and photoemission in addition to primary plasma currents. The results show that the equilibrium charge on aggregates can differ markedly from spherical grains with the same mass, but that the charge can be estimated for a given environment based on structural characteristics of the grain. The "small particle effect" due to secondary electron emission is also important for determining the charge of micron-sized aggregates consisting of nano-sized particles.
description: 9 figures. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1107.0283
Reductions of Operator Pencils
Creators: name: Verdier, Olivier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 15A21, 15A22, 34A30, 47A10, 65L80

description: We study problems associated with an operator pencil, i.e., a pair of operators on Banach spaces. Two natural problems to consider are linear constrained differential equations and the description of the generalized spectrum. The main tool to tackle either of those problems is the reduction of the pencil. There are two kinds of natural reduction operations associated to a pencil, which are conjugate to each other. Our main result is that those two kinds of reductions commute, under some mild assumptions that we investigate thoroughly. Each reduction exhibits moreover a pivot operator. The invertibility of all the pivot operators of all possible successive reductions corresponds to the notion of regular pencil in the finite dimensional case, and to the inf-sup condition for saddle point problems on Hilbert spaces. Finally, we show how to use the reduction and the pivot operators to describe the generalized spectrum of the pencil.
Turbulence In the Outer Regions of Protoplanetary Disks. I. Weak Accretion with No Vertical Magnetic Flux
Creators: name: Simon, Jacob B.
name: Bai, Xue-Ning
name: Stone, James M.
name: Armitage, Philip J.
name: Beckwith, Kris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use local numerical simulations to investigate the strength and nature of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence in the outer regions of protoplanetary disks, where ambipolar diffusion is the dominant non-ideal MHD effect. The simulations include vertical stratification and assume zero net vertical magnetic flux. We employ a super time-stepping technique to ameliorate the Courant restriction on the diffusive time step. We find that in idealized stratified simulations, with a spatially constant ambipolar Elsasser number Am, turbulence driven by the magnetorotational instability (MRI) behaves in a similar manner as in prior unstratified calculations. Turbulence dies away for Am < 1, and becomes progressively more vigorous as ambipolar diffusion is decreased. Near-ideal MHD behavior is recovered for Am > 1000. In the intermediate regime (10 < Am < 1000) ambipolar diffusion leads to substantial increases in both the period of the MRI dynamo cycle and the characteristic scales of magnetic field structures. To quantify the impact of ambipolar physics on disk accretion, we run simulations at 30 AU and 100 AU that include a vertical Am profile based upon far ultraviolet (FUV) ionized disk models. These models develop a vertically layered structure analogous to the Ohmic dead zone that is present at smaller radii. We find that, although the levels of surface turbulence can be strong (and consistent with constraints on turbulent line widths at these radii), the inferred accretion rates are at least an order of magnitude smaller than those observed in T Tauri stars. This discrepancy is very likely due to the assumption of zero vertical magnetic field in our simulations and suggests that vertical magnetic fields are essential for MRI-driven accretion in the outer regions of protoplanetary disks.
description: accepted to ApJ after minor revisions
Ghost-free $F(R)$ bigravity and accelerating cosmology
Creators: name: Nojiri, Shin'ichi
name: Odintsov, Sergei D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a bigravity analogue of the $F(R)$ gravity. Our construction is based on recent ghost-free massive bigravity where additional scalar fields are added and the corresponding conformal transformation is implemented. It turns out that $F(R)$ bigravity is easier to formulate in terms of the auxiliary scalars as the explicit presentation in terms of $F(R)$ is quite cumbersome. The consistent cosmological reconstruction scheme of $F(R)$ bigravity is developed in detail, showing the possibility to realize nearly arbitrary physical universe evolution with consistent solution for second metric. The examples of accelerating universe which includes phantom, quintessence and $Λ$CDM acceleration are worked out in detail and their physical properties are briefly discussed.
description: LaTeX 11 pages, references are added, version to appear in Physics Letters B
Remarks on application of different variables for the PKN model of hydrofracturing. Various fluid-flow regimes
Creators: name: Kusmierczyk, P.
name: Mishuris, G.
name: Wrobel, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 74F10, 74H10, 74H15

description: The problem of hydraulic fracture for the PKN model is considered within the framework presented recently by Linkov (2011). The modified formulation is further enhanced by employing an improved regularized boundary condition near the crack tip. This increases solution accuracy especially for singular leak-off regimes. A new dependent variable having clear physical sense is introduced. A comprehensive analysis of numerical algorithms based on various dependent variables is provided. Comparison with know numerical results has been given.
description: 35 pages, 14 Figures, 9 tables, 3 Appendices
Dispersion properties of transverse waves propagating in the electrically polarized BECs
Creators: name: Andreev, P. A.
name: Kuzmenkov, L. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Further development of the method of quantum hydrodynamics in application for Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) is presented. To consider evolution of polarization direction along with particles movement we have developed corresponding set of quantum hydrodynamic equations. It includes equations of the polarization evolution and the polarization current evolution along with the continuity equation and the Euler equation (the momentum balance equation). Dispersion properties of the transverse waves including the electromagnetic waves propagating through the BECs are considered. To this end we consider full set of the Maxwell equations for description of electromagnetic field dynamics. This approximation gives us possibility to consider the electromagnetic waves along with the matter waves. We find a splitting of the electromagnetic wave dispersion on two branches. As a result we have four solutions, two for the electromagnetic waves and two for the matter waves, the last two are the concentration-polarization waves appearing as a generalization of the Bogoliubov mode. We also obtain that if the matter wave propagate perpendicular to external electric field when dipolar contribution does not disappear (as it follows from our generalization of the Bogoliubov spectrum). In this case exist a small dipolar frequency shift due to transverse electric field of perturbation.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures
Eibesfeldtphora Disney
Creators: name: Brown, Brian V.
name: Braganca, Marcos A. L.
name: Gomes, Diego S.
name: Queiros, Jarbas M.
name: Teixeira, Marcos C.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Phoridae
Eibesfeldtphora

description: Eibesfeldtphora Disney, in Disney et al., 2009
 Neodohrniphora Malloch, 1914, in part.
 Genus and species recognition. Disney (in Disney et al., 2009) elevated this former subgenus of Neodohrniphora to generic stature. The latest identification key to species in this genus is that of Brown (2001), which included illustrations of the oviscape of each species. Since then, two further new species have been described (Disney et al., 2009).
 Generalized description of adult females. Frons narrow, brown, median furrow present. 4-4-4 frontal setae present; lower interfrontal setae much lower on frons than lower fronto-orbital setae; supra-antennal setae absent. Three ocelli present; ocellar triangle black. Palpus and proboscis small, yellow. Flagellomere 1 slightly pointed, light brown; arista present. Scutum light brown; scutellum dark brown, with anterior setula and larger posterior seta. Pleuron yellow to light brown; anepisternum bare. Legs yellow; all tibiae with dorsal longitudinal row of enlarged setulae except absent on foreleg of E. mexicanae Disney. Foreleg with only 4 separate tarsomeres (tarsomeres 4 and 5 fused). Wing well developed, with vein R2+3 present; halter dark brown. Abdominal segments 1–5 yellow (rarely light brown) ventrally, segment 6 dark gray becoming yellow posteriorly. Abdominal tergites dark grayish brown with posterior yellow band. Segment 7 (oviscape) darkly sclerotized with various lateral lobes; membrane of intersegment 7–8 with small ventral sclerite; segments 8–10 form apically pointed stylet.
Species are relatively uniform, with differences largely confined to the female oviscape. Thus, descriptions are short, but combined with illustrations, are sufficient to diagnose and recognize species.
description: Published as part of Brown, Brian V., Braganca, Marcos A. L., Gomes, Diego S., Queiros, Jarbas M. & Teixeira, Marcos C., 2012, Parasitoid phorid flies (Diptera: Phoridae) from the threatened leafcutter ant Atta robusta Borgmeier (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), pp. 33-38 in Zootaxa 3385 on page 34, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.281755
Symmetron dark energy in laboratory experiments
Creators: name: Upadhye, Amol
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The symmetron scalar field is a matter-coupled dark energy candidate which effectively decouples from matter in high-density regions through a symmetry restoration. We consider a previously unexplored regime, in which the vacuum mass $μ\sim 2.4\times 10^{-3}$ eV of the symmetron is near the dark energy scale, and the matter coupling parameter $M \sim 1$ TeV is just beyond Standard Model energies. Such a field will give rise to a fifth force at submillimeter distances which can be probed by short-range gravity experiments. We show that a torsion pendulum experiment such as Eöt-Wash can exclude symmetrons in this regime for all self-couplings $λ\lesssim 7.5$.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures. Matches version accepted by PRL
Partitioning of Distributed MIMO Systems based on Overhead Considerations
Creators: name: Lioumpas, Athanasios S.
name: Bithas, Petros S.
name: Alexiou, Angeliki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Distributed-Multiple Input Multiple Output (DMIMO) networks is a promising enabler to address the challenges of high traffic demand in future wireless networks. A limiting factor that is directly related to the performance of these systems is the overhead signaling required for distributing data and control information among the network elements. In this paper, the concept of orthogonal partitioning is extended to D-MIMO networks employing joint multi-user beamforming, aiming to maximize the effective sum-rate, i.e., the actual transmitted information data. Furthermore, in order to comply with practical requirements, the overhead subframe size is considered to be constrained. In this context, a novel formulation of constrained orthogonal partitioning is introduced as an elegant Knapsack optimization problem, which allows the derivation of quick and accurate solutions. Several numerical results give insight into the capabilities of D-MIMO networks and the actual sum-rate scaling under overhead constraints.
description: IEEE Wireless Communications Letters
Algorithmic Superactivation of Asymptotic Quantum Capacity of Zero-Capacity Quantum Channels
Creators: name: Gyongyosi, Laszlo
name: Imre, Sandor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The superactivation of zero-capacity quantum channels makes it possible to use two zero-capacity quantum channels with a positive joint capacity for their output. Currently, we have no theoretical background to describe all possible combinations of superactive zero-capacity channels; hence, there may be many other possible combinations. In practice, to discover such superactive zero-capacity channel-pairs, we must analyze an extremely large set of possible quantum states, channel models, and channel probabilities. There is still no extremely efficient algorithmic tool for this purpose. This paper shows an efficient algorithmical method of finding such combinations. Our method can be a very valuable tool for improving the results of fault-tolerant quantum computation and possible communication techniques over very noisy quantum channels.
description: 35 pages, 17 figures, Journal-ref: Information Sciences (Elsevier, 2012), presented in part at Quantum Information Processing 2012 (QIP2012), v2: minor changes, v3: published version; Information Sciences, Elsevier, ISSN: 0020-0255; 2012
Eibesfeldtphora breviloba Brown, new species
Creators: name: Brown, Brian V.
name: Braganca, Marcos A. L.
name: Gomes, Diego S.
name: Queiros, Jarbas M.
name: Teixeira, Marcos C.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Phoridae
Eibesfeldtphora
Eibesfeldtphora breviloba

description: Eibesfeldtphora breviloba Brown new species
Fig. 1.
 Diagnosis. This species is distinctive by the thin elongate dorsal process and shorter, but still thin ventral process of the oviscape. It is most similar to E. tonhascai (Brown), differing in the much shorter ventral process, and to E. declinata (Borgmeier), differing by the thinner processes of the oviscape. In the key of Brown (2001), E. breviloba keys to couplets 5, where it comes closest to E. tonhascai.
 Description. Female. Body length 2.1–2.6 mm. Apex of foretarsomere 5 not narrowed. Costa ratio 0.41–0.44 wing length. Oviscape with two short processes; dorsal process dorsoventrally flattened in posterior view; ventral process rounded in posterior view, largely fused to oviscape. Both processes with fine apical setae.
Derivation of specific epithet. Named for the short lobes of the oviscape.
Holotype. Ƥ, BRAZIL: Rio de Janeiro, 23°01’S, 43°28’W), 10.i.2010, D. da Silva Gomes [barcode: LACM ENT 305110] (MZSP).
Paratypes. 2 Ƥ, same data as holotype (LACM, MZSP).
description: Published as part of Brown, Brian V., Braganca, Marcos A. L., Gomes, Diego S., Queiros, Jarbas M. & Teixeira, Marcos C., 2012, Parasitoid phorid flies (Diptera: Phoridae) from the threatened leafcutter ant Atta robusta Borgmeier (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), pp. 33-38 in Zootaxa 3385 on pages 34-35, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.281755
Phase diagrams of noncentrosymmetric superconductors
Creators: name: Shimahara, Hiroshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Noncentrosymmetric superconductors with various types of pairing interactions are systematically examined with particular focus on phenomena that originate from the differences between Fermi surfaces split by a strong spin-orbit coupling. In particular, when the spin-orbit coupling increases and one of the split Fermi surfaces disappears, the phase diagram and the structure of the gap function change drastically. For example, we examine the conditions for the transition from full-gap states to line-node states (FLT), which may explain the differences in the experimental results between the noncentrosymmetric superconductors Li2Pd3B and Li2Pt3B discovered recently. The dominant pairing interactions and gap functions can be predicted to some extent by comparing the theoretical and experimental results for these compounds. For example, if the FLT occurs by replacing Pd with Pt, it is most likely that the superconductivity is mainly induced by charge-charge interactions, and if this is the case, the superconductivities in Li2Pd3B and Li2Pt3B are an s-wave nearly spin-triplet state and a d-wave state that has both spin-singlet and triplet components of comparable weights, respectively. Comparing the theoretical phase diagrams in simple models, it is found that the FLT occurs in a wider realistic parameter region for charge-charge interactions, i.e., where short-range Coulomb repulsion is strong and p-wave and d-wave interactions are attractive, while it occurs in narrower rather unrealistic parameter regions for interactions of magnetic origin. It is also found that d-wave spin-triplet pairing may occur, when pairing interactions are of magnetic origin and anisotropic in spin space.
description: 14 pages, 11 figures, 3 tables; v2:minor corrections, ref.added; v3:mistype corrected; v4:mistype corrected, to be published in J.Phys.Soc.Jpn
Disease Outbreaks: Wild boar – African Swine Fever
Creators: name: Ingenloff, Kate
name: Lazovik, Elena
name: Thulke, Hans
name: Lange, Martin
name: Schigel, Dmitry
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Disease outbreaks
Biodiversity

description: This BioDT use case covers Wild boar–African Swine Fever (ASF) modelling is one of two Use Cases under the Disease Outbreaks umbrella and with the Pollinators model will populate and demonstrate this part of the Biodiversity Digital Twin. The purpose of this use case is to inform data-driven responses for the management of the spread of wildlife diseases, specifically African swine fever (ASF). The model is intended to be dynamic – with each detection of the target pathogen in the wildlife population, the model is updated and rerun to produce more robust predictions including spatial mapping of risk, size and timeline of affected host(s), effectiveness of spatially-explicit control measures, and routine update of most suitable response. Although there are multiple potential stakeholders and user groups, the target audience for the initial BioDT application is limited to decision makers and people involved in decision support. The poster was first presented at the BioDT Annual Meeting 2023, 13-14 June in Leiden, Netherlands. Learn more
Eibesfeldtphora digitata Brown, new species
Creators: name: Brown, Brian V.
name: Braganca, Marcos A. L.
name: Gomes, Diego S.
name: Queiros, Jarbas M.
name: Teixeira, Marcos C.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Phoridae
Eibesfeldtphora
Eibesfeldtphora digitata

description: Eibesfeldtphora digitata Brown new species
Fig. 2.
 Diagnosis. This species differs from others by the apically narrowed foretarsomere 5 with its greatly reduced claws. It further differs from other species with laterally flattened dorsal and ventral processes of the oviscape by their ventral curvature and relatively narrow size. In the key of Brown (2001), E. digitata keys to E. isomorpha (Brown) at couplet 8. It differs, however, in that the lateral processes of the oviscape are much smaller, less rounded and slightly ventrally curved. In E. isomorpha, the processes project straight posteriorly, are broad, and broadly rounded (compare with Brown 2001: figure 19).
 The more recently described E. saltensis Disney is also somewhat similar, but has a broader dorsal lobe, and a much shorter ventral lobe (compare with Disney et al. 2009: figure 2).
 Description. Female. Body length 2.2 mm. Apex of foretarsomere 5 narrowed, claws reduced. Costa 0.50 wing length. Oviscape with two well separated processes; dorsal process dorsoventrally flattened in posterior view, slightly ventrally curved; ventral process short, small, laterally flattened.
Derivation of specific epithet. Named for the fingerlike lobes of the oviscape.
Holotype. Ƥ, Brazil: Espírito Santo: São Mateus, i.2009, M. Bragança [barcode: LACM ENT 305108] (MZSP).
description: Published as part of Brown, Brian V., Braganca, Marcos A. L., Gomes, Diego S., Queiros, Jarbas M. & Teixeira, Marcos C., 2012, Parasitoid phorid flies (Diptera: Phoridae) from the threatened leafcutter ant Atta robusta Borgmeier (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), pp. 33-38 in Zootaxa 3385 on page 35, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.281755
Resonantly enhanced and diminished strong-field gravitational-wave fluxes
Creators: name: Flanagan, Eanna E.
name: Hughes, Scott A.
name: Ruangsri, Uchupol
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The inspiral of a stellar mass ($1 - 100\,M_\odot$) compact body into a massive ($10^5 - 10^7\,M_\odot$) black hole has been a focus of much effort, both for the promise of such systems as astrophysical sources of gravitational waves, and because they are a clean limit of the general relativistic two-body problem. Our understanding of this problem has advanced significantly in recent years, with much progress in modeling the "self force" arising from the small body's interaction with its own spacetime deformation. Recent work has shown that this self interaction is especially interesting when the frequencies associated with the orbit's $θ$ and $r$ motions are in an integer ratio: $Ω_θ/Ω_r = β_θ/β_r$, with $β_θ$ and $β_r$ both integers. In this paper, we show that key aspects of the self interaction for such "resonant" orbits can be understood with a relatively simple Teukolsky-equation-based calculation of gravitational-wave fluxes. We show that fluxes from resonant orbits depend on the relative phase of radial and angular motions. The purpose of this paper is to illustrate in simple terms how this phase dependence arises using tools that are good for strong-field orbits, and to present a first study of how strongly the fluxes vary as a function of this phase and other orbital parameters. Future work will use the full dissipative self force to examine resonant and near resonant strong-field effects in greater depth, which will be needed to characterize how a binary evolves through orbital resonances.
description: 25 pages, 6 figures, 4 tables. Accepted to Phys Rev D; accepted version posted here, including referee feedback and other useful comments
Critical parameters from trap-size scaling in trapped particle systems
Creators: name: Ceccarelli, Giacomo
name: Torrero, Christian
name: Vicari, Ettore
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the critical behavior of trapped particle systems at the low-temperature superfluid transition. In particular, we consider the three-dimensional Bose-Hubbard model in the presence of a trapping harmonic potential coupled with the particle density, which is a realistic model of cold bosonic atoms in optical lattices. We present a numerical study based on quantum Monte Carlo simulations, analyzed in the framework of the trap-size scaling (TSS). We show how the critical parameters can be derived from the trap-size dependences of appropriate observables, matching them with TSS. This provides a systematic scheme which is supposed to exactly converge to the critical parameters of the transition in the large trap-size limit. Our numerical analysis may provide a guide for experimental investigations of trapped systems at finite-temperature and quantum transitions, showing how critical parameters may be determined by looking at the scaling of the critical modes with respect to the trap size, i.e. by matching the trap-size dependence of the experimental data with the expected TSS Ansatz.
description: 14 pages, few corrections
QCD correction to gluino decay to $t\bar{t}\tildeχ^0_1$ in the MSSM
Creators: name: Peng-Fei, Duan
name: Ren-You, Zhang
name: Wen-Gan, Ma
name: Lei, Guo
name: Yu, Zhang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the complete next-to-leading order QCD corrections to the three-body decay of gluino into top-pair associated with a lightest neutralino in the minimal supersymmetric standard model. We obtain that the LO and NLO QCD corrected decay widths of $\tilde{g} \to t \bar{t} \tildeχ_1^0$ at the ${\rm SPS 6}$ benchmark point are $0.1490 GeV$ and 0.1069 GeV respectively, and the relative correction is -28.2%. We investigate the dependence of the QCD correction to $\tilde{g} \to t \bar{t} \tildeχ_1^0$ on $\tanβ$ and the masses of gluino, scalar top quarks and the lightest neutralino around the ${\rm SPS6}$ benchmark point, separately. We find that the NLO QCD corrections suppress the LO decay width, and the absolute relative correction can exceed 30% in some parameter space. Therefore, the QCD corrections to the three-body decay $\tilde{g} \to t\bar{t}\tildeχ^0_1$ should be taken into account for the precise experimental measurement at future colliders. Moreover, we study the distributions of the top-pair invariant mass ($M_{t\bar t}$) and the missing energy ($E^{miss}$), and find that the line shapes of the LO distributions of $M_{t\bar t}$ and $E^{miss}$ are not obviously distorted by the NLO QCD corrections.
description: 23 pages, 10 figures
Second-order asymptotics for quantum hypothesis testing
Creators: name: Li, Ke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In the asymptotic theory of quantum hypothesis testing, the minimal error probability of the first kind jumps sharply from zero to one when the error exponent of the second kind passes by the point of the relative entropy of the two states in an increasing way. This is well known as the direct part and strong converse of quantum Stein's lemma. Here we look into the behavior of this sudden change and have make it clear how the error of first kind grows smoothly according to a lower order of the error exponent of the second kind, and hence we obtain the second-order asymptotics for quantum hypothesis testing. This actually implies quantum Stein's lemma as a special case. Meanwhile, our analysis also yields tight bounds for the case of finite sample size. These results have potential applications in quantum information theory. Our method is elementary, based on basic linear algebra and probability theory. It deals with the achievability part and the optimality part in a unified fashion.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/13-AOS1185 the Annals of Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aos/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)