cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Datenschutz ab Inkrafttreten der Datenschutz-Grundverordnung - Handreichung für Bibliotheken
Creators: name: Brehm, Elke
name: Knaf, Karin
name: Talke, Armin
Publisher: name: Hannover : Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Datenschutz
subject: Datenschutz-Grundverordnung
subject: Bibliothek
subject: Datenschutzrecht
subject: Bibliothekswesen
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::000 | Allgemeines, Wissenschaft::020 | Bibliotheks- und Informationswissenschaft
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::300 | Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie, Anthropologie::340 | Recht

description: In dem Dokument "Datenschutz ab Inkrafttreten der Datenschutz-Grundverordnung - Handreichung für Bibliotheken" werden speziell für Bibliotheken kurz und knapp die Neuerungen durch die Datenschutz-Grundverordnung dargestellt.
Neural and Behavioural Correlates of Auditory Discrimination and Language Processing in Infants and Children
Creators: name: Golan, Jolanta
Publisher: name: University of East London
Year: 2021

description: Inconsistency of accounts on auditory and speech processing in early development tends to be attributed to maturational factors in children. However, variability in stimulus and design features used across studies is likely to contribute to this lack of consensus. The mismatch response (MMR), an electrophysiological measure elicited to auditory stimulation, can provide a neural index of speech processing and language development. The current study investigated the design and paradigm features which influence MMR in 5- to 11-month-old infants and 4-to 6- year-old children. Across experiments, trial duration; deviance type; stimulus type and number of simultaneous streams (phonemes and tone pairs) were systematically manipulated. Taking such an approach provided means to gain an understanding of those factors that influence auditory and speech development in infants and young children and address questions of interest to researchers working within the field of neurodevelopmental research. A secondary objective of this thesis was to delineate the relationship between neural and behavioural correlates of language development in the same participants at the time of testing and in a subset of the infants at 2 years. The results indicated that the ‘oddball’ auditory deviance elicited the largest MMR, as did tone pairs compared to phonemes. The deviance modulation revealed larger MMR deflections to the oddball than roving or sequential change between deviant and standard stimuli. Furthermore, shorter trial duration produced no difference in MMR intensity, a finding that suggests a slightly shorter stimulus presentation time can be utilised at minimal processing cost. Stimulus modulation confirmed that tone pairs consistently elicited larger MMR than phonemes. Finally, the number of concurrent stimulation streams did not influence MMR to tone pairs but revealed dissociation in processing phonemes between infants and children. Infants discriminated phonetic deviance at the sensory level whereas children exhibited later MMR response, which was associated with attentional focus. Results of the analyses related to the secondary question revealed a positive association that linked MMR to acoustic contrast and language proficiency in infants. A similar pattern was observed between MMR in infancy and language at 2 years of age, but an opposite trend was found in children. In this age group, the ability to ignore background sounds was linked to more advanced language. Nonetheless, a relationship between MMR to acoustic and language proficiency in children was identified with the potential for auditory processing to predict language outcomes. Recommendations deriving from this work may be of considerable interest to neuroscientists and neuropsychologists who specialise in enabling children achieving their linguistic aptitude. They may also inform the development of clinical interventions targeted at children with language difficulties.
The performance of the Canadian food, beverages and tobacco processing industries : an extension of the profit-cost margin model to a pricing model
Creators: name: Maundu, Maingi
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This study was undertaken to achieve three major objectives: 1. to estimate an econometric structure-profitability model for Canadian food, beverages and tobacco processing industries; 2. to estimate a structure-price model of the sector to compare with the profit model; and 3. to make inferences about the performance of the sector, with reference to market power and industry efficiency. The above objectives were accomplished by comparing empirical regression results of the two models by using the following approach. First, the statistical significance of the estimated coefficients was used to determine which factors should be considered of importance in explaining performance. Secondly, the signs on the estimated coefficients were used to determine the direction of the influence of market structure on performance. Lastly, a comparison of the size and statistical significance of the difference in the respective coefficients was used to determine which of the two performance indexes (profitability and prices) is most affected by market structure. From the study four broad conclusions were arrived at. Seller concentration and advertising do have an increasing effect on profitability, but this influence does not derive from market power (price increases). Instead, increases in these factors appear to promote price competition. However, tariff protection has an increasing effect on both profitability and prices. Furthermore, the net effect of tariffs is significantly larger on prices than on profitability. Industry growth and market isolation factors have an increasing effect on profitabilty. But they have no significant influence on relative prices. Exports have a decreasing effect on profitability and prices. Increases in input prices may lead to increases in ouput prices. Two broad implications can be drawn from the above results. First, price competition and industry efficiency can be enhanced by (either condoning or encouraging) high market shares, advertising, exports and industry growth. Secondly, although tariffs can increase industry profitability, they may also lead to relatively larger increases in domestic output prices. Similarly, changes in input prices may lead to increases in output prices. Therefore, high tariffs and input prices may serve as barriers to competition, and allow inefficiency to persist in an industry.
Theory of spin qubits in nanostructures
Creators: name: Trauzettel, B.
name: Borhani, M.
name: Trif, M.
name: Loss, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review recent advances on the theory of spin qubits in nanostructures. We focus on four selected topics. First, we show how to form spin qubits in the new and promising material graphene. Afterwards, we discuss spin relaxation and decoherence in quantum dots. In particular, we demonstrate how charge fluctations in the surrounding environment cause spin decay via spin--orbit coupling. We then turn to a brief overview of how one can use electron-dipole spin resonance (EDSR) to perform single spin rotations in quantum dots using an oscillating electric field. The final topic we cover is the spin-spin coupling via spin-orbit interaction which is an alternative to the usual spin-spin coupling via the Heisenberg exchange interaction.
description: 18 pages, 8 figures, submitted to JPSJ Special Topics: Advances in Spintronics
Inelastic tunneling effects on noise properties of molecular junctions
Creators: name: Galperin, Michael
name: Nitzan, Abraham
name: Ratner, Mark A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effect of electron-phonon coupling on the current noise in a molecular junction is investigated within a simple model. The model comprises a 1-level bridge representing a molecular level that connects between two free electron reservoirs and is coupled to a vibrational degree of freedom representing a molecular vibrational mode. The latter in turn is coupled to a phonon bath that represents the thermal environment. We focus on the zero frequency noise spectrum and study the changes in its behavior under weak and strong electron-phonon interactions. In the weak coupling regime we find that the noise amplitude can increase or decrease as a result of opening of an inelastic channel, depending on distance from resonance and on junction asymmetry. In particular the relative Fano factor decreases with increasing off resonance distance and junction asymmetry. For resonant inelastic tunneling with strong electron-phonon coupling the differential noise spectrum can show phonon sidebands in addition to a central feature. Such sidebands can be observed when displaying the noise against the source-drain voltage, but not in noise vs. gate voltage plots obtained at low source-drain bias. A striking crossover of the central feature from double to single peak is found for increasing asymmetry in the molecule-leads coupling or increasing electron-phonon interaction. These variations provide a potential diagnostic tool. A possible use of noise data from scanning tunneling microscopy experiments for estimating the magnitude of the electron-phonon interaction on the bridge is proposed.
description: 16 pages, 11 figures
DARIAH: Core communities for collaboration: Libraries, Archives and Museums as essential partners in digital arts and humanities research
Creators: name: Chambers, Sally
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: DARIAH
digital humanities
digital cultural heritage
collaboration
libraries, museums, archives

description: The mission of DARIAH, the Digital Research Infrastructure for the Arts and Humanities, is to empower research communities with digital methods to create, connect and share knowledge about culture and society. Digital methods are a cornerstone of what we do, ensuring we focus on how technology is transforming not objects, but activities. For us, the digital is not a goal in itself, but a means to explore, discover and grow. Libraries, Archives and Museums are essential partners in this endeavour. DARIAH is committed to continuing to encourage, facilitate and celebrate this collaboration at the core of what we do. In this presentation a number of examples of existing partnerships with cultural heritage communities will be introduced, as well as proposing one or two suggestions for future collaborations.
Muon g-2: Review of Theory and Experiment
Creators: name: Miller, James P.
name: de Rafael, Eduardo
name: Roberts, B. Lee
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A review of the experimental and theoretical determinations of the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon is given. The anomaly is defined by a=(g-2)/2, where the Landé g-factor is the proportionality constant that relates the spin to the magnetic moment. For the muon, as well as for the electron and tauon, the anomaly a differs slightly from zero (of order 10^{-3}) because of radiative corrections. In the Standard Model, contributions to the anomaly come from virtual `loops' containing photons and the known massive particles. The relative contribution from heavy particles scales as the square of the lepton mass over the heavy mass, leading to small differences in the anomaly for e, μ, and τ. If there are heavy new particles outside the Standard Model which couple to photons and/or leptons, the relative effect on the muon anomaly will be \sim (m_μ/ m_e)^2 \approx 43\times 10^3 larger compared with the electron anomaly. Because both the theoretical and experimental values of the muon anomaly are determined to high precision, it is an excellent place to search for the effects of new physics, or to constrain speculative extensions to the Standard Model. Details of the current theoretical evaluation, and of the series of experiments that culminates with E821 at the Brookhaven National Laboratory are given. At present the theoretical and the experimental values are known with a similar relative precision of 0.5 ppm. There is, however, a 3.4 standard deviation difference between the two, strongly suggesting the need for continued experimental and theoretical study
description: 103 pages, 57 figures, submitted to Reports on Progress in Physics Final version as published, several minor clarifications to text and a number of references were corrected
Linear free divisors and the global logarithmic comparison theorem
Creators: name: Granger, Michel
name: Mond, David
name: Nieto-Reyes, Alicia
name: Schulze, Mathias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 32S20, 14F40, 20G10, 17B66

description: A complex hypersurface D in complex affine n-space C^n is a linear free divisor (LFD) if its module of logarithmic vector fields has a global basis of linear vector fields. We classify all LFDs for n at most 4. Analogous to Grothendieck's comparison theorem, we say that the global logarithmic comparison theorem (GLCT) holds for D if the complex of global logarithmic differential forms computes the complex cohomology of the complement of D in C^n. We develop a general criterion for the GLCT for LFDs and prove that it is fulfilled whenever the Lie algebra of linear logarithmic vector fields is reductive. For n at most 4, we show that the GLCT holds for all LFDs. We show that LFDs arising naturally as discriminants in quiver representation spaces (of real Schur roots) fulfill the GLCT. As a by-product we obtain a simplified proof of a theorem of V. Kac on the number of irreducible components of such discriminants.
description: 46 pages, 2 figures, 5 tables, final version
Development and Numerical Analysis of "Black-box" Counterpropagating Wave Algorithm for Exact Quantum Scattering Calculations
Creators: name: Poirier, Bill
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a recent series of papers [J. Chem. Phys. 121 4501 (2004), J. Chem. Phys. 124 034115 (2006), J. Chem. Phys. 124 034116 (2006)] a bipolar counter-propagating wave decomposition, Psi = Psi+ + Psi-, was presented for stationary bound states Psi of the one-dimensional Shrodinger equation, such that the components Psi+- approach their semiclassical WKB analogs in the large action limit. The corresponding bipolar quantum trajectories are classical-like and well-behaved, even when Psi has many nodes, or is wildly oscillatory. In this paper, the earlier results are used to construct a universal ``black-box'' algorithm, numerically robust, stable and efficient, for computing accurate scattering quantities of any quantum dynamical system in one degree of freedom.
description: 14 pages, 3 figures
Some Recent Results on Models of Dynamical Electroweak Symmetry Breaking
Creators: name: Shrock, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review some recent results on models of dynamical electroweak symmetry breaking involving extended technicolor.
description: 15 pages 3 figures, review talk given at SCGT06, International Workshop on Strongly Coupled Gauge Theories, Nagoya, Nov. 2006, to appear in the Proceedings of SCGT06, eds. M. Tanabashi, M. Harada, and K. Yamawaki
Preliminary measurement of Gamma(Ke2)/Gamma(Km2) at KLOE
Creators: name: The KLOE Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A preliminary measurement of RK = Gamma(Ke2)/Gamma(Km2) at the KLOE experiment is discussed. The result, RK = (2.55+-0.05+-0.05)x 10^-5, is based on 1.7 fb^-1 of luminosity integrated on the phi-meson peak at the Frascati e^+e^- collider DAFNE, corresponding to ~8000 observed Ke2 events. Perspectives on the methods planned to improve both the statistical and the systematic errors are briefly outlined.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures. Contributed paper for the XXIII International Symposium on Lepton and Photon Interactions at High Energy, Lepton-Photon 2007, Aug 13-18 Daegu, Korea
Direct observation of a Fermi surface and superconducting gap in LuNi2B2C
Creators: name: Starowicz, P.
name: Liu, C.
name: Khasanov, R.
name: Kondo, T.
name: Samolyuk, G.
name: Gardenghi, D.
name: Ohta, Y. Lee T.
name: Harmon, B.
name: Canfield, P.
name: Budko, S.
name: Rotenberg, E.
name: Kaminski, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We measured the Fermi surface (FS), band dispersion and superconducting gap in LuNi2B2C using Angle Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy. Experimental data were compared with the tight-binding version of the Linear Muffin-Tin Orbital (LMTO) method and Linearized Augmented Plane-Wave (LAPW) calculations. We found reasonable agreement between the two calculations and experimental data. The measured FS exhibits large parallel regions with a nesting vector that agrees with a previous positron annihilation study and calculations of the generalized susceptibility. The measured dispersion curves also agree reasonably well with the TB-LMTO calculations, albeit with some differences in the strength of the hybridization. In addition, the spectrum in the superconducting state revealed a 2meV superconducting gap. The data also clearly shows the presence of a coherent peak above the chemical potential, that originates from thermally excited electrons above the energy of 2 delta. This feature was not previously observed in the Lu-based material.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
John Clive Ward - Bibliography from John Clive Ward. 1 August 1924—6 May 2000
Creators: name: Dombey, Norman
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 20203 Particle Physics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: John Clive Ward was a theoretical physicist who made important contributions to two of the principal subjects in twentieth-century elementary particle physics: namely, quantum electrodynamics (QED) and electroweak theory. He was an early proponent of the importance of gauge theories in quantum field theory and their use in demonstrating the renormalization of those theories: that is, to remove apparent infinities in calculations. He showed that gauge invariance implies the equality of two seemingly different renormalized quantities in QED, a relationship now called the Ward Identity. This identity can be generalized to more general gauge theories in particle physics and remains a fundamental tool in these theories, which dominate particle theory at the present time. He collaborated with Abdus Salam on the use of gauge theories in strong interactions and in electroweak theory. He also made significant contributions to statistical physics. In 1955 he was recruited by the UK Atomic Weapons Research Establishment at Aldermaston to head the Green Granite section of the theoretical group, which had the task of rederiving the thermonuclear weapon concepts developed by Ulam and Teller in the United States. He spent the years from 1966 to his retirement in 1984 at Macquarie University in Australia.
Perlesta golconda DeWalt & Stark 2004
Creators: name: Grubbs, Scott A.
name: DeWalt, R. Edward
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Plecoptera
Perlidae
Perlesta
Perlesta golconda

description: Perlesta golconda DeWalt & Stark (Figs. 16–17) Perlesta golconda DeWalt et al., 1998:315. Holotype ♂ (Illinois Natural History Survey). Ohio River, Pope Co., Illinois, U.S.A. Perlesta golconda Stark, 2004:93 Material examined. U.S.A., ILLINOIS: Carroll Co., Savanna, at light, 20 July 1927, T. H. Frison & R. D. Glasgow, 1 ♂, 3 ♀ (INHS). Remarks. This species was described from the Ohio River in southeastern Illinois (DeWalt et al., 1998). The known distribution of this species has since been expanded to Iowa (Stark et al., 2008), Missouri (Stark, 2004) and Nebraska (DeWalt et al., 2001). Females from the original type series possessed eggs that were too poorly sclerotized to permit SEM work and because only line illustrations were presented, fine details of the collar and chorion could be interpreted solely from the written description (DeWalt et al., 1998; Fig. 8). Material stored at INHS that has been subsequently identified as P. golconda included gravid females, allowing for SEM and the first highresolution images of the eggs of this species. Although the eggs depicted here were too fragile to clean sufficiently, they adhere easily to the original description in DeWalt et al. (1998). All eggs examined were near-symmetrically oval, the chorion was smooth to slightly granular, and the collar was raised only slightly above the anterior surface of the egg (Figs. 16–17).
description: Published as part of Grubbs, Scott A. & DeWalt, R. Edward, 2008, Taxonomic And Distributional Notes On Perlesta Teaysia, P. Golconda, And P. Shawnee (Plecoptera: Perlidae), pp. 143-149 in Illiesia 4 (14) on pages 146-147, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4754749
description: {"references": ["DeWalt, R. E., B. P. Stark, & M. A. Harris. 1998. Perlesta golconda (Plecoptera: Perlidae), a new stonefly species from Illinois. Entomological News, 109: 315 - 317.", "Stark, B. P. 2004. Perlidae (The Stones). Pages: 61 - 148. In B. P. Stark & B. J. Armitage, editors. Stoneflies (Plecoptera) of Eastern North America. Volume II. Chloroperlidae, Perlidae, and Perlodidae (Perlodinae). The Caddis Press, Columbus, OH, U. S. A., 192 pp.", "Stark, B. P., R. W. Baumann & R. E. DeWalt. 2008. Valid stonefly names for North America. Updated 28 January 2008. HTML address, http: // plsa. inhs. uiuc. edu / plecoptera / validnames. a spx. Accessed July 2008.", "DeWalt, R. E., D. W. Webb, & T. N. Kompare. 2001. The Perlesta placida (Plecoptera: Perlidae) complex in Illinois: new state records, distributions, and an identification key. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 103: 207 - 216."]}
Non--Heisenberg Spin Dynamics of Double-Exchange Ferromagnets with Coulomb Repulsion
Creators: name: Kapetanakis, M. D.
name: Perakis, I. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With a variational three--body calculation we study the role of the interplay between the onsite Coulomb, Hund's rule, and superexchange interactions on the spinwave excitation spectrum of itinerant ferromagnets. We show that correlations between a Fermi sea electron--hole pair and a magnon result in a very pronounced zone boundary softening and strong deviations from the Heisenberg spinwave dispersion. We show that this spin dynamics depends sensitively on the Coulomb and exchange interactions and discuss its possible relevance to experiments in the manganites.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, published in Physical Review B as rapid communications
Hawking-like radiation does not require a trapped region
Creators: name: Barcelo, Carlos
name: Liberati, Stefano
name: Sonego, Sebastiano
name: Visser, Matt
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the issue of quasi-particle production by ``analogue black holes'' with particular attention to the possibility of reproducing Hawking radiation in a laboratory. By constructing simple geometric acoustic models, we obtain a somewhat unexpected result: We show that in order to obtain a stationary and Planckian emission of quasi-particles, it is not necessary to create a trapped region in the acoustic spacetime (corresponding to a supersonic regime in the fluid flow). It is sufficient to set up a dynamically changing flow asymptotically approaching a sonic regime with sufficient rapidity in laboratory time.
description: revtex4, 4 pages, 1 figure
Reaction rate uncertainties and the operation of the NeNa and MgAl chains during HBB in intermediate-mass AGB stars
Creators: name: Izzard, R. G.
name: Lugaro, M.
name: Karakas, A. I.
name: Iliadis, C.
name: van Raai, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We test the effect of proton-capture reaction rate uncertainties on the abundances of the Ne, Na, Mg and Al isotopes processed by the NeNa and MgAl chains during hot bottom burning (HBB) in asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars of intermediate mass between 4 and 6 solar masses and metallicities between Z=0.0001 and 0.02. We provide uncertainty ranges for the AGB stellar yields, for inclusion in galactic chemical evolution models, and indicate which reaction rates are most important and should be better determined. We use a fast synthetic algorithm based on detailed AGB models. We run a large number of stellar models, varying one reaction per time for a very fine grid of values, as well as all reactions simultaneously. We show that there are uncertainties in the yields of all the Ne, Na, Mg and Al isotopes due to uncertain proton-capture reaction rates. The most uncertain yields are those of 26Al and 23Na (variations of two orders of magnitude), 24Mg and 27Al (variations of more than one order of magnitude), 20Ne and 22Ne (variations between factors 2 and 7). In order to obtain more reliable Ne, Na, Mg and Al yields from IM-AGB stars the rates that require more accurate determination are: 22Ne(p,g)23Na, 23Na(p,g)24Mg, 25Mg(p,g)26Al, 26Mg(p,g)27Al and 26Al(p,g)27Si. Detailed galactic chemical evolution models should be constructed to address the impact of our uncertainty ranges on the observational constraints related to HBB nucleosynthesis, such as globular cluster chemical anomalies.
description: accepted for publication on Astronomy & Astrophysics
Paraná, BR - Prototipagem da Paisagem
Creators: name: Quoos, João Henrique
name: Carvalho, Benjamim de Melo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 30307 Theory and Design of Materials
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Prototipagem da Paisagem com STL do Relevo do Estado do Paraná, Brasil, para produção de maquete de relevo.
Projeção Policônica WGS84, Meridiano Central 52°Oeste, Latitude de origem 24°30' Sul
Exagero Vertical 30 vezes12km do Oceano Atlântico presente no modelo.
Autores:Benjamim de Melo Carvalho - UEPGJoão Henrique Quoos - IFSC
Unobstructedness and dimension of families of Gorenstein algebras
Creators: name: Kleppe, Jan O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14C05; 13D10; 13D03; 13C14; 13D02; 14F05

description: The goal of this paper is to develop tools to study maximal families of Gorenstein quotients A of a polynomial ring R. We prove a very general Theorem on deformations of the homogeneous coordinate ring of a scheme Proj(A) which is defined as the degeneracy locus of a regular section of the dual of some sheaf M^~ of rank r supported on say an arithmetically Cohen-Macaulay subscheme Proj(B) of Proj(R). Under certain conditions (notably; M maximally Cohen-Macaulay and the top exterior power of M^~ a twist of the canonical sheaf), then A is Gorenstein, and under additional assumptions, we show the unobstructedness of A and we give an explicit formula the dimension of any maximal family of Gorenstein quotients of R with fixed Hilbert function obtained by a regular section as above. The theorem also applies to Artinian quotients A. The case where M itself is a twist of the canonical module (r=1) was studied in a previous paper, while this paper concentrates on other low rank cases, notably r=2 and 3. In these cases regular sections of the first Koszul homology module and of normal sheaves to licci schemes (of say codimension 2) lead to Gorenstein quotients (of e.g. codimension 4) whose parameter spaces we examine. Our main applications are for Gorenstein quotients of codimension 4 of R since our assumptions are almost always satisfied in this case. Special attention are paid to arithmetically Gorenstein curves in P^5.
description: 34 pages. In the 1st version on the arXiv, as well as in the published version in Collect. Math. 58, 2 (2007), there is a missing assumption of generality in the part of the results which deals with the codimension of a stratum (see Rem. 16(ii) and the text before Thm. 15)
Strong invariance principles for sequential Bahadur--Kiefer and Vervaat error processes of long-range dependent sequences
Creators: name: Csörgő, Miklós
name: Szyszkowicz, Barbara
name: Wang, Lihong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60F15, 60F17 (Primary) 60G10, 60G18 (Secondary)

description: In this paper we study strong approximations (invariance principles) of the sequential uniform and general Bahadur--Kiefer processes of long-range dependent sequences. We also investigate the strong and weak asymptotic behavior of the sequential Vervaat process, that is, the integrated sequential Bahadur--Kiefer process, properly normalized, as well as that of its deviation from its limiting process, the so-called Vervaat error process. It is well known that the Bahadur--Kiefer and the Vervaat error processes cannot converge weakly in the i.i.d. case. In contrast to this, we conclude that the Bahadur--Kiefer and Vervaat error processes, as well as their sequential versions, do converge weakly to a Dehling--Taqqu type limit process for certain long-range dependent sequences.
description: Published at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/009053606000000164 in the Annals of Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aos/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
The First Swift BAT Gamma-Ray Burst Catalog
Creators: name: Sakamoto, T.
name: Barthelmy, S. D.
name: Barbier, L.
name: Cummings, J. R.
name: Fenimore, E. E.
name: Gehrels, N.
name: Hullinger, D.
name: Krimm, H. A.
name: Markwardt, C. B.
name: Palmer, D. M.
name: Parsons, A. M.
name: Sato, G.
name: Stamatikos, M.
name: Tueller, J.
name: Ukwatta, T. N.
name: Zhang, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first Swift Burst Alert Telescope (BAT) catalog of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs), which contains bursts detected by the BAT between 2004 December 19 and 2007 June 16. This catalog (hereafter BAT1 catalog) contains burst trigger time, location, 90% error radius, duration, fluence, peak flux, and time averaged spectral parameters for each of 237 GRBs, as measured by the BAT. The BAT-determined position reported here is within 1.75' of the Swift X-ray Telescope (XRT)-determined position for 90% of these GRBs. The BAT T_90 and T_50 durations peak at 80 and 20 seconds, respectively. From the fluence-fluence correlation, we conclude that about 60% of the observed peak energies, Epeak, of BAT GRBs could be less than 100 keV. We confirm that GRB fluence to hardness and GRB peak flux to hardness are correlated for BAT bursts in analogous ways to previous missions' results. The correlation between the photon index in a simple power-law model and Epeak is also confirmed. We also report the current status for the on-orbit BAT calibrations based on observations of the Crab Nebula.
description: 63 pages, 23 figures, Accepted in ApJS, Corrected for the BAT ground position, the image significance, and the error radius of GRB 051105, Five machine-readable tables are available at http://swift.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/swift/results/bat1_catalog/
On the Environmental Dependence of Galaxy Properties Established by the Initial Cosmological Conditions
Creators: name: Lee, Jounghun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study theoretically how the initial cosmological conditions establish the dependence of galaxy properties on the environment. First, we adopt the linear tidal torque theory according to which the angular momentum of a proto-galaxy is generated at first order by the misalignment between the proto-galaxy inertia tensor and the local tidal tensor. Then, we quantify analytically the degree of the misalignment between the two tensors, and show quantitatively that it increases as the density of the environment decreases. It implies that the proto-galaxies forming in the lower density regions should end up with having higher angular momentum than those in the higher density regions, which is consistent with recent numerical finding that the void and field galaxies have higher spin parameters than the cluster galaxies. Since the galaxy angular momentum plays a role of developing a disk-like structure and hindering the star-formation, our theoretical insight provides an answer to such fundamental observational question as why the large void galaxies have young stellar populations and high specific star formation rate, which was not explained by the previous morphology-density relation.
description: accepted version, ApJL in press, all typos corrected
Power injected in a granular gas
Creators: name: Visco, P.
name: Puglisi, A.
name: Barrat, A.
name: Trizac, E.
name: van Wijland, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A granular gas may be modeled as a set of hard-spheres undergoing inelastic collisions; its microscopic dynamics is thus strongly irreversible. As pointed out in several experimental works bearing on turbulent flows or granular materials, the power injected in a dissipative system to sustain a steady-state over an asymptotically large time window is a central observable. We describe an analytic approach allowing us to determine the full distribution of the power injected in a granular gas within a steady-state resulting from subjecting each particle independently either to a random force (stochastic thermostat) or to a deterministic force proportional to its velocity (Gaussian thermostat). We provide an analysis of our results in the light of the relevance, for other types of systems, of the injected power to fluctuation relations.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures. Contribution to Proceedings of "Work, Dissipation, and Fluctuations in Nonequilibrium Physics", Brussels, 2006
Non-linear dispersive regime of cavity QED: The dressed dephasing model
Creators: name: Boissonneault, Maxime
name: Gambetta, J. M.
name: Blais, Alexandre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Systems in the dispersive regime of cavity quantum electrodynamics (QED) are approaching the limits of validity of the dispersive approximation. We present a model which takes into account nonlinear corrections to the dressing of the atom by the field. We find that in the presence of pure dephasing, photons populating the cavity act as a heat bath on the atom, inducing incoherent relaxation and excitation. These effects are shown to reduce the achievable signal-to-noise ratio in cavity QED realizations where the atom is measured indirectly through cavity transmission and in particular in circuit QED.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures
Faddeev-Volkov solution of the Yang-Baxter Equation and Discrete Conformal Symmetry
Creators: name: Bazhanov, Vladimir V.
name: Mangazeev, Vladimir V.
name: Sergeev, Sergey M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Faddeev-Volkov solution of the star-triangle relation is connected with the modular double of the quantum group U_q(sl_2). It defines an Ising-type lattice model with positive Boltzmann weights where the spin variables take continuous values on the real line. The free energy of the model is exactly calculated in the thermodynamic limit. The model describes quantum fluctuations of circle patterns and the associated discrete conformal transformations connected with the Thurston's discrete analogue of the Riemann mappings theorem. In particular, in the quasi-classical limit the model precisely describe the geometry of integrable circle patterns with prescribed intersection angles.
description: 26 pages, 18 color figures, minor corrections
GRI: focusing on the evolving violent Universe
Creators: name: Knödlseder, Jürgen
name: Von Ballmoos, Peter
name: Frontera, Filippo
name: Bazzano, Angela
name: Christensen, Finn E.
name: Hernanz, Margarida
name: Wunderer, Cornelia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Gamma-Ray Imager (GRI) is a novel mission concept that will provide an unprecedented sensitivity leap in the soft gamma-ray domain by using for the first time a focusing lens built of Laue diffracting crystals. The lens will cover an energy band from 200 - 1300 keV with an effective area reaching 600 cm2. It will be complemented by a single reflection multilayer coated mirror, extending the GRI energy band into the hard X-ray regime, down to ~10 keV. The concentrated photons will be collected by a position sensitive pixelised CZT stack detector. We estimate continuum sensitivities of better than 10^-7 ph/cm2/s/keV for a 100 ks exposure; the narrow line sensitivity will be better than 3 x 10^-6 ph/cm2/s for the same integration time. As focusing instrument, GRI will have an angular resolution of better than 30 arcsec within a field of view of roughly 5 arcmin - an unprecedented achievement in the gamma-ray domain. Owing to the large focal length of 100 m of the lens and the mirror, the optics and detector will be placed on two separate spacecrafts flying in formation in a high elliptical orbit. R&D work to enable the lens focusing technology and to develop the required focal plane detector is currently underway, financed by ASI, CNES, ESA, and the Spanish Ministery of Education and Science. The GRI mission is proposed as class M mission for ESA's Cosmic Vision 2015-2025 program. GRI will allow studies of particle acceleration processes and explosion physics in unprecedented detail, providing essential clues on the innermost nature of the most violent and most energetic processes in the Universe.
description: 11 pages, to be pubslihed in the SPIE proceedings
Ubiquitous V-shape density of states in mixed state of clean limit type II superconductors; STM experiment and theory
Creators: name: Nakai, N.
name: Miranovic, P.
name: Ichioka, M.
name: Hess, H. F.
name: Uchiyama, K.
name: Nishimori, H.
name: Kaneko, S.
name: Nishida, N.
name: Machida, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is demonstrated theoretically and experimentally that the low energy density of states $N(E)$ is described by a singular V-shape form $N(E)=N_0(H)+α|E|+O(E^2)$ for all clean superconductors in a vortex state, irrespective of the underlying gap structure. The linear term $α|E|$ which has been not recognized so far is obtained by exactly evaluating the vortex contribution. Based on microscopic Eilenberger theory $N(E)$ is evaluated for isotropic gap, line and point node gaps to yield a V-shape $N(E)$. STS-STM experiments on NbSe$_2$ and YNi$_2$B$_2$C give direct evidence for this. We provide arguments on significance of this finding and on relevance to other experiments.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Einfluss der COVID-19-Pandemie auf die Anzahl der gemäß IfSG meldepflichtigen Nachweise von Erregern mit Antibiotikaresistenzen und C. difficile-Infektionen
Creators: name: Reuss, Annicka
name: Klingeberg, Anja
name: Schmidt, Nicole
name: Eckmanns, Tim
name: Zacher, Benedikt
Publisher: name: Robert Koch-Institut
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Meldedaten
subject: MRSA
subject: C. difficile
subject: Antibiotikaresistenz
subject: COVID-19
subject: 610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Die vorgestellte Analyse untersucht, inwiefern sich die Meldungen von Erregern mit Antibiotikaresistenzen und C. difficile-Infektionen gemäß IfSG seit Inkrafttreten der Maßnahmen zur Eindämmung der COVID-19-Pandemie verändert haben. Beobachtet wurde ein Rückgang der übermittelten Fallzahlen von Methicillin-resistenten Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA), C. difficile, Acinetobacter spp. (CRA) und Enterobacterales (CRE). Welche Faktoren genau für diesen Rückgang verantwortlich sind und ob die COVID-19-Pandemie langfristig die Antibiotikaresistenz eher steigert oder verringert bleibt zu untersuchen.
Rotator and extender ferroelectrics: Importance of the shear coefficient to the piezoelectric properties of domain-engineered crystals and ceramics
Creators: name: Davis, Matthew
name: Budimir, Marko
name: Damjanovic, Dragan
name: Setter, Nava
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The importance of a high shear coefficient d15 (or d24) to the piezoelectric properties of domain-engineered and polycrystalline ferroelectrics is discussed. The extent of polarization rotation, as a mechanism of piezoelectric response, is directly correlated to the shear coefficient. The terms "rotator" and "extender" are introduced to distinguish the contrasting behaviors of crystals such as 4mm BaTiO3 and PbTiO3. In "rotator" ferroelectrics, where d15 is high relative to the longitudinal coefficient d33, polarization rotation is the dominant mechanism of piezoelectric response; the maximum longitudinal piezoelectric response is found away from the polar axis. In "extender" ferroelectrics, d15 is low and the collinear effect dominates; the maximum piezoelectric response is found along the polar axis. A variety of 3m, mm2 and 4mm ferroelectrics, with various crystal structures based on oxygen octahedra, are classified in this way. It is shown that the largest piezoelectric anisotropies d15/d33 are always found in 3m crystals; this is a result of the intrinsic electrostrictive anisotropy of the constituent oxygen octahedra. Finally, for a given symmetry, the piezoelectric anisotropy increases close to ferroelectric-ferroelectric phase transitions; this includes morphotropic phase boundaries and temperature induced polymorphic transitions.
description: accepted in J. Appl. Phys
Interplay of critical Casimir and dispersion forces
Creators: name: Dantchev, Daniel
name: Schlesener, Frank
name: Dietrich, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using general scaling arguments combined with mean-field theory we investigate the critical ($T \simeq T_c$) and off-critical ($T\ne T_c$) behavior of the Casimir forces in fluid films of thickness $L$ governed by dispersion forces and exposed to long-ranged substrate potentials which are taken to be equal on both sides of the film. We study the resulting effective force acting on the confining substrates as a function of $T$ and of the chemical potential $μ$. We find that the total force is attractive both below and above $T_c$. If, however, the direct substrate-substrate contribution is subtracted, the force is repulsive everywhere except near the bulk critical point $(T_c,μ_c)$, where critical density fluctuations arise, or except at low temperatures and $(L/a) (βΔμ) =O(1)$, with $Δμ=μ-μ_c <0$ and $a$ the characteristic distance between the molecules of the fluid, i.e., in the capillary condensation regime. While near the critical point the maximal amplitude of the attractive force if of order of $L^{-d}$ in the capillary condensation regime the force is much stronger with maximal amplitude decaying as $L^{-1}$. Essential deviations from the standard finite-size scaling behavior are observed within the finite-size critical region $L/ξ=O(1)$ for films with thicknesses $L \lesssim L_{\rm crit}$, where $L_{\rm crit}=ξ_0^\pm (16 |s|)^{ν/β}$, with $ν$ and $β$ as the standard bulk critical exponents and with $s=O(1)$ as the dimensionless parameter that characterizes the relative strength of the long-ranged tail of the substrate-fluid over the fluid-fluid interaction. We present the modified finite-size scaling pertinent for such a case and analyze in detail the finite-size behavior in this region.
description: 26 pages, 14 figures
The SU(1|2) and SU(2|2) Sectors from Superstrings in AdS5 x S5
Creators: name: Ryang, Shijong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For the κ-symmetry gauge fixed superstring action in AdS_5 x S^5 we consider the fermionic fluctuations over a circular bosonic string background with two angular momenta and two winding numbers in S^5. The SU(2)-type redefinitions of fermionic fields and the first-string limit generate a truncated fermionic action for the SU(1|2) sector. It is expressed in a two-dimensional Lorentz-invariant form of a massive Dirac fermion and the plane-wave spectrum for the fermionic excitations is derived. The fermionic spectrum for the SU(2|2) sector is also analyzed.
description: 17 pages, LaTeX, no figures
LOOC UP: Locating and observing optical counterparts to gravitational wave bursts
Creators: name: Kanner, Jonah
name: Huard, Tracy L.
name: Marka, Szabolcs
name: Murphy, David C.
name: Piscionere, Jennifer
name: Reed, Molly
name: Shawhan, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gravitational wave (GW) bursts (short duration signals) are expected to be associated with highly energetic astrophysical processes. With such high energies present, it is likely these astrophysical events will have signatures in the EM spectrum as well as in gravitational radiation. We have initiated a program, "Locating and Observing Optical Counterparts to Unmodeled Pulses in Gravitational Waves" (LOOC UP) to promptly search for counterparts to GW burst candidates. The proposed method analyzes near real-time data from the LIGO-Virgo network, and then uses a telescope network to seek optical-transient counterparts to candidate GW signals. We carried out a pilot study using S5/VSR1 data from the LIGO-Virgo network to develop methods and software tools for such a search. We will present the method, with an emphasis on the potential for such a search to be carried out during the next science run of LIGO and Virgo, expected to begin in 2009.
description: 11 pages, 2 figures; v2) added acknowledgments, additional references, and minor text changes v3) added 1 figure, additional references, and minor text changes. v4) Updated references and acknowledgments. To be published in the GWDAW 12 Conf. Proc. by Classical and Quantum Gravity