cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Magnetically Dominated Parallel Interstellar Filaments at the Infrared Dark Cloud G14.225-0.506
Creators: name: Santos, Fabio P.
name: Busquet, Gemma
name: Franco, Gabriel A. P.
name: Girart, Josep M.
name: Zhang, Qizhou
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The G14.225-0.506 infrared dark cloud (IRDC G14.2) displays a remarkable complex of parallel dense molecular filaments projected on the plane of the sky. Previous dust emission and molecular-line studies have speculated whether magnetic fields could have played an important role in the formation of such long-shaped structures, which are hosts to numerous young stellar sources. In this work we have conducted a vast polarimetric survey at optical and near-infrared wavelengths in order to study the morphology of magnetic field lines in IRDC G14.2 through the observation of background stars. The orientation of interstellar polarization, which traces magnetic field lines, is perpendicular to most of the filamentary features within the cloud. Additionally, the larger-scale molecular cloud as a whole exhibits an elongated shape also perpendicular to magnetic fields. Estimates of magnetic field strengths indicate values in the range $320 - 550\,μ$G, which allows sub-alfvénic conditions, but does not prevent the gravitational collapse of hub-filament structures, which in general are close to the critical state. These characteristics suggest that magnetic fields played the main role in regulating the collapse from large to small scales, leading to the formation of series of parallel elongated structures. The morphology is also consistent with numerical simulations that show how gravitational instabilities develop under strong magnetic fields. Finally, the results corroborate the hypothesis that a strong support from internal magnetic fields might explain why the cloud seems to be contracting on a time scale 2-3 times larger than what is expected from a free-fall collapse.
description: Accepted for publication at The Astrophysical Journal
Editorial: Technological literacy - Relevance spectrum, educational standards and research perspectives
Creators: name: Zinn, Bernd
Publisher: name: Journal of Technical Education (JOTED)
Year: 2014

description: In the reference field relating to the increasing importance of a general basic technical education, new subjects - such as technology or science and technology - have also increasingly been introduced in the last few years within the grammar school sector. In the meantime, subjects are taught with a general technical educational programme in virtually all federal states. The following article describes key research perspectives for a basic technical education in grammar schools providing a general education - after an initial review of the fundamental relevance spectrum of the general technical education and an analysis of national and international educational policy documents on technical education. Keywords: Technological literacy, science and technology, grammar school, professoinal didactic technology, educational standards
description: Journal of Technical Education (JOTED), Bd. 2 Nr. 2 (2014): Journal of Technical Education (JOTED)
A study of a computer corrected network analyser technique for measurements of scattering parameters of networks
Creators: name: Tenen, Oria.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Wave Particle Duality, the Observer and Retrocausality
Creators: name: Narasimhan, Ashok
name: Kafatos, Menas C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We approach wave particle duality, the role of the observer and implications on Retrocausality, by starting with the results of a well verified quantum experiment. We analyze how some current theoretical approaches interpret these results. We then provide an alternative theoretical framework that is consistent with the observations and in many ways simpler than usual attempts to account for retrocausality, involving a non-local conscious Observer.
description: 9 pages, Retrocausality Conference, AIP, June 2016
G-dual teleparallel connections in Information Geometry
Creators: name: Ciaglia, Florio M.
name: Di Cosmo, Fabio
name: Ibort, Alberto
name: Marmo, Giuseppe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Given a real, finite-dimensional, smooth parallelizable Riemannian manifold $(\mathcal{N},G)$ endowed with a teleparallel connection $\nabla$ determined by a choice of a global basis of vector fields on $\mathcal{N}$, we show that the $G$-dual connection $\nabla^{*}$ of $\nabla$ in the sense of Information Geometry must be the teleparallel connection determined by the basis of $G$-gradient vector fields associated with a basis of differential one-forms which is (almost) dual to the basis of vector fields determining $\nabla$. We call any such pair $(\nabla,\nabla^{*})$ a $G$-dual teleparallel pair. Then, after defining a covariant $(0,3)$ tensor $T$ uniquely determined by $(\mathcal{N},G,\nabla,\nabla^{*})$, we show that $T$ being symmetric in the first two entries is equivalent to $\nabla$ being torsion-free, that $T$ being symmetric in the first and third entry is equivalent to $\nabla^{*}$ being torsion free, and that $T$ being symmetric in the second and third entries is equivalent to the basis vectors determining $\nabla$ ($\nabla^{*}$) being parallel-transported by $\nabla^{*}$ ($\nabla$). Therefore, $G$-dual teleparallel pairs provide a generalization of the notion of Statistical Manifolds usually employed in Information Geometry, and we present explicit examples of $G$-dual teleparallel pairs arising both in the context of both Classical and Quantum Information Geometry.
description: version 2: minor revisions following reviews, and minor cosmetic changes. Comments are welcome!
Prevalence of opportunistic infections and associated factor among adult HIV positive patients on the new antiretroviral treatment protocol at health institutions offering ART in Gedeo Zone ,Southern, Ethiopia 2018.
Creators: name: G/Michael, Genet
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2018

description: Introduction: Opportunistic infections (OIs) are infections that are more frequent or more severe because of immune-suppression in HIV-infected persons, and they are the major clinical presentations of HIV patients. It accounts for more than 90% of HIV/AIDS death. Objective: To assess the prevalence of Opportunistic infections and associated factors among adult HIV positive patients on the new antiretroviral treatment protocol at health institutions offering ART in Gedeo Zone, Southern, Ethiopia 2018. Method: A Health facility-based cross-sectional study was carried among 266 HIV positive patients taking ART. The study was conducted in Gedeo Zone in all ART offering institutions. The data was entered in to EPI data version 4.2 and analyzed by using SPSS version 23. Bivariate analysis was performed to determine the association of each independent variable with the dependent variables (occurrence of OIs). A p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant in this study. Result: A total of 266 patients were included. The mean age of participants was 37.10 year with (SD±11.882). The Overall prevalence of OIs was found to be 38.7%. The most predominant OIs observed were oral candidiasis (10.5%), followed by pulmonary tuberculosis (9.8%) and Herpes zoster (5.6%). Baseline CD4 cell count, 200 cells/mm3 (AOR = 9.136; 95% CI =2.747, 30.386), baseline WHO clinical stage III/IV (AOR =2.717; 95% CI =14.20, 5.198), poor adherence (AOR=10.052; 95%CI=4.3062, 3.464), bedridden (AOR=3.266; 95% CI=1.637, 6.518), were found to have strong association with acquisition of OIs. Conclusions and Recommendations: According to this finding, the prevalence of OI among HIV positive patients receiving ART was still high. CD4 cell count, advanced WHO stage, adherence, functional status, baseline BMI and khat chewing are predominantly mentioned factors associated with occurrence of OIs among HIV positive patients on ART. Therefore, interventions need to be design to promote early HIV testing and early enrollment HIVinfected individuals into ART services.
Interacting Dark Energy: New parametrization and observational constraints
Creators: name: Aich, Arkajit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have re-investigated Cosmology involving interaction between Dark matter and Dark Energy in the light of a new parametrization. The new parametrization is based on the hypothesis that when Dark matter and Dark Energy will interact, Dark matter will dilute in a different manner than standard non-interacting scenario. We re-built the Cosmological equations with this new parametrization. Observational constraints on the traditional Cosmological parameters and new parameters has also been obtained by using supernova data from Pantheon and Hubble data. The parameter values obtained are $H_0$ = 69.023 $\pm$ 0.722, $M$ = -19.385 $\pm$ 0.019, $I$ = 2.901 $\pm$ 0.092 and $Ω_{dm0}(1 - \frac{3}{I})\frac{1}κ$ = 0.254 $\pm$ 0.023 where $H_0$, $M$, $Ω_{dm0}$ and $κ$ are Hubble constant, absolute magnitude of type 1a supernova, present day dark matter density and coupling parameter between dark matter and dark energy respectively while $I$ is a new parameter, dubbed dilution parameter which we introduced in the model representing the modified dilution of dark matter in the interacting scenario. The physical features of the model in regard to evolution of the Universe, deceleration parameter, age of Universe, particle physics implications of interacting scenario has also been explored in depth and conclusions has been drawn.
description: 22 pages, 8 figures, 1 table
Skyrmions in synthetic antiferromagnets and their nucleation via electrical current and ultrafast laser illumination
Creators: name: Juge, Roméo
name: Sisodia, Naveen
name: Larrañaga, Joseba Urrestarazu
name: Zhang, Qiang
name: Pham, Van Tuong
name: Rana, Kumari Gaurav
name: Sarpi, Brice
name: Mille, Nicolas
name: Stanescu, Stefan
name: Belkhou, Rachid
name: Mawass, Mohamad-Assaad
name: Novakovic-Marinkovic, Nina
name: Kronast, Florian
name: Weigand, Markus
name: Gräfe, Joachim
name: Wintz, Sebastian
name: Finizio, Simone
name: Raabe, Jörg
name: Aballe, Lucia
name: Foerster, Michael
name: Belmeguenai, Mohamed
name: Buda-Prejbeanu, Liliana
name: Shaw, Justin M.
name: Nembach, Hans T.
name: Ranno, Laurent
name: Gaudin, Gilles
name: Boulle, Olivier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic skyrmions are topological spin textures that hold great promise as nanoscale information carriers in non-volatile memory and logic devices. While room-temperature magnetic skyrmions and their current-induced manipulation were recently demonstrated, the stray field resulting from their finite magnetization as well as their topological charge limit their minimum size and reliable motion in tracks. Antiferromagnetic (AF) skyrmions allow these limitations to be lifted owing to their vanishing magnetization and net zero topological charge, promising room-temperature, ultrasmall skyrmions, fast dynamics, and insensitivity to external magnetic fields. While room-temperature AF spin textures have been recently demonstrated, the observation and controlled nucleation of AF skyrmions operable at room temperature in industry-compatible synthetic antiferromagnetic (SAF) material systems is still lacking. Here we demonstrate that isolated skyrmions can be stabilized at zero field and room temperature in a fully compensated SAF. Using X-ray microscopy techniques, we are able to observe the skyrmions in the different SAF layers and demonstrate their antiparallel alignment. The results are substantiated by micromagnetic simulations and analytical models using experimental parameters, which confirm the chiral SAF skyrmion spin texture and allow the identification of the physical mechanisms that control the SAF skyrmion size and stability. We also demonstrate the local nucleation of SAF skyrmions via local current injection as well as ultrafast laser excitations at zero field. These results will enable the utilization of SAF skyrmions in skyrmion-based devices.
Assessment of knowledge attitude and practice regarding cancer pain management among health care providers working at selected hospitals of A.A, Ethiopia, 2018.
Creators: name: Techane, Tesfaye
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2018

description: Introduction:- Pain is one of the main symptoms involved in cancer patients receiving treatment or because of the disease itself. Approximately, 30% to 50% of cancer patients receiving treatment experience pain and 70% to 90% with advanced stages of cancer experienced moderate to severe pain. Pain experienced by cancer patients affects quality of life, physical functioning, social relationship, and mental health. For proper management of cancer pain, Health Care Providers' (HCPs) are expected to have full understanding of the nature of pain syndrome and good pain assessment skills. Objective:- To assess health care providers knowledge attitude and practice regarding cancer pain management A.A, Ethiopia, 2018. Methodology:- Institutional based cross sectional study was conducted among HCPs working in selected hospitals of Addis Ababa from March 1 to 30, 2018. Total sample size was 200 health care providers selected by using simple random sampling technique. The collected data was coded, cleaned and explored before analysis. Data was entered in to epi-data 4.2 version and export to SPSS version 23.0. Descriptive statistics such as mean, standard deviation and percentages were calculated to describe frequency and displayed in tables and graphs. Binary logistic regression was done to see the crude significant relation of each independent variable with dependent variables. Significant factors was identified based on AOR include in 95% confidence level at P-value less than 0.05. Result:- From the total of 191 respondents 109 (57.1%) were female and 135 (71.7%) were aged 23-29 years old. The mean age of the participants was 28.5 ± 4.3 years old. Only 40.2% of the study subjects have good knowledge and attitude whereas 31.9% had performed good practice regarding cancer pain management. Gender, monthly income, taking formal cancer pain management education in university and profession were significantly associated with cancer pain management knowledge and attitude. Conclusion:- Health Care Providers working in the current study have poor knowledge, attitude and practice regarding cancer Pain management. Recommendation:- In service training regarding cancer pain management should be given to nurses and physicians who are working in cancer centers. Cancer pain management should be incorporated in to nursing and other health related professions curriculums.
SMEFT is falsifiable through multi-Higgs measurements (even in the absence of new light particles)
Creators: name: Gómez-Ambrosio, Raquel
name: Llanes-Estrada, Felipe J.
name: Salas-Bernárdez, Alexandre
name: Sanz-Cillero, Juan J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: From the embedding of the Standard Model Effective Field Theory (SMEFT) in the more general Higgs Effective Field Theory (HEFT), we expose correlations among the coefficients of the latter that, if found to be violated in future data, would lead to the experimental falsification of the SMEFT framework. These are derived from the necessary symmetric point of HEFT and analyticity of the SMEFT Lagrangian that allows the construction of the SMEFT expansion, as laid out by other groups, and properties at that point of the Higgs-flare function $\mathcal{F}(h)$ coupling Goldstone and Higgs bosons, of the Higgs potential $V(h)$ and of the Higgs-top quark coupling function $\mathcal{G}(h)$.
description: 6-page readable letter accompanying the extended manuscript "The flair of Higgsflare: Distinguishing electroweak EFTs with $W_L W_L \to n\times h" with e-Print number 2204.01763 [hep-ph]
Cryptanalysis of a Classical chaos-based cryptosystem with some quantum cryptography features
Creators: name: Arroyo, David
name: Hernandez, Fernando
name: Orúe, Amalia B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The application of synchronization theory to build up new cryptosystems has been a hot topic during the last two decades. In this paper we analyze a recent proposal in this field. We pinpoint the main limitations of the software implementation of chaos-based systems designed on the grounds of synchronization theory. In addition, we show that the cryptosystem under evaluation possesses serious security problems that imply a clear reduction of the key space.
description: Accepted in International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos, In Press
The random anisotropy model revisited
Creators: name: Mouhanna, D.
name: Tarjus, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit the thermodynamic behavior of the random-anisotropy O($N$) model by investigating its large-$N$ limit. We focus on the system at zero temperature where the mean-field-like artifacts of the large-$N$ limit are less severe. We analyze the connection between the description in terms of self-consistent Schwinger-Dyson equations and the functional renormalization group. We provide a unified description of the phase diagram and critical behavior of the model and clarify the nature of the possible "glassy" phases. Finally we discuss the implications of our findings for the finite-$N$ and finite-temperature systems.
description: 25 pages, 16 figures
Uniaxial versus Biaxial Pathways in One-Dimensional Cholesteric Liquid Crystals
Creators: name: Han, Yucen
name: Dalby, James
name: Carter, Benjamin MGD
name: Majumdar, Apala
name: Machon, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cholesteric liquid crystals exhibit great morphological richness of static metastable states. Understanding the transitions between such states is key for the development of switchable devices. We show, using a quasi-one-dimensional model, that cholesterics exhibit distinct uniaxial and biaxial pathways between distinct minima. We study transitions between different layer numbers and prove, and show, that transition states are distinguished either through splay-mediated untwisting, understood through contact topology, or the presence of biaxiality. Furthermore we characterise a menagerie of additional saddle points that dictate the connectivity of the solution landscape.
Modification of unconventional Hall effect with doping at the non-magnetic site in a 2D van der Waals ferromagnet
Creators: name: Chowdhury, Rajeswari Roy
name: Patra, Chandan
name: DuttaGupta, Samik
name: Satheesh, Sayooj
name: Dan, Shovan
name: Fukami, Shunsuke
name: Singh, Ravi Prakash
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two-dimensional (2D) van der Waals (vdW) magnetic materials have garnered considerable attention owing to the existence of magnetic order down to atomic dimensions and flexibility towards interface engineering, offering an attractive platform to explore novel spintronic phenomena and functionalities. Understanding of the magnetoresistive properties and their correlation to the underlying magnetic configurations is essential for 2D vdW-based spintronic or quantum information devices. Among the promising candidates, vdW ferromagnet (FM) Fe3GeTe2 shows an unusual magnetotransport behavior, tunable by doping at the magnetic (Fe) site, and tentatively arising from complicated underlying spin texture configurations. Here, we explore an alternative route towards manipulation of magnetotransport properties of a vdW FM without directly affecting the magnetic site i.e., by doping at the non-magnetic (Ge) site of Fe3(Ge,As)Te2. Interestingly, doping at the non-magnetic (Ge) site results in an unconventional Hall effect whose strength was considerably modified by increasing As concentration, possibly arising from emergent electromagnetic behavior from underlying complicated spin configurations. The present results provide a possible route to understand the intricate role played by the non-magnetic (Ge) atom towards magnetic properties of vdW FMs, and shows a novel direction towards tailoring of underlying interactions responsible for the stabilization of non trivial spin textures in 2D magnetic vdW materials.
description: 9 pages
Large-scale Hydrodynamical Shocks as the Smoking-gun Evidence for a Bar in M31
Creators: name: Feng, Zi-Xuan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: gas dynamics, Andromeda galaxy (M31), ISM, bar

description: The formation and evolutionary history of M31 are closely related to its dynamical structures, which remain unclear due to its high inclination. Gas kinematics could provide crucial evidence for the existence of a rotating bar in M31. We found large-scale shocks as the independent evidence for the existence of a bar in M31. The shocks are found at large distances from the bar major axis, indicating that the bar is rotating slowly.
Private Speech in technischen Handlungen - Eine Untersuchung zum handlungsbegleitenden Sprechen von Kindern
Creators: name: Binder, Martin
Publisher: name: Journal of Technical Education (JOTED)
Year: 2014

description: Unterricht baut auf Sprache auf - auch der praktisch ausgerichtete Technikunterricht. Dass handlungsbegleitendes Sprechen ein wichtiger Informationsträger für Lehrerinnen und Lehrer sein kann, ist in der technikdidaktischen Forschung bislang kaum berücksichtigt worden. In diesem Beitrag wird ein Überblick über den Forschungsstand zur Entwicklung der Handlungsfähigkeit, zum Zusammenhang zwischen Handeln und Sprachentwicklung und zum impliziten Wissen gegeben. Anschließend werden zwei technische Handlungen von Kindern daraufhin untersucht, inwieweit sie von Sprechakten begleitet sind und welche Funktion ihnen dabei zukommt. Abschließend wird die Relevanz des Zusammenspiels zwischen Sprechen und Handeln für den Technikunterricht diskutiert.
description: Journal of Technical Education (JOTED), Bd. 2 Nr. 2 (2014): Journal of Technical Education (JOTED)
Learning Representations with Contrastive Self-Supervised Learning for Histopathology Applications
Creators: name: Stacke, Karin
name: Unger, Jonas
name: Lundström, Claes
name: Eilertsen, Gabriel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Unsupervised learning has made substantial progress over the last few years, especially by means of contrastive self-supervised learning. The dominating dataset for benchmarking self-supervised learning has been ImageNet, for which recent methods are approaching the performance achieved by fully supervised training. The ImageNet dataset is however largely object-centric, and it is not clear yet what potential those methods have on widely different datasets and tasks that are not object-centric, such as in digital pathology. While self-supervised learning has started to be explored within this area with encouraging results, there is reason to look closer at how this setting differs from natural images and ImageNet. In this paper we make an in-depth analysis of contrastive learning for histopathology, pin-pointing how the contrastive objective will behave differently due to the characteristics of histopathology data. We bring forward a number of considerations, such as view generation for the contrastive objective and hyper-parameter tuning. In a large battery of experiments, we analyze how the downstream performance in tissue classification will be affected by these considerations. The results point to how contrastive learning can reduce the annotation effort within digital pathology, but that the specific dataset characteristics need to be considered. To take full advantage of the contrastive learning objective, different calibrations of view generation and hyper-parameters are required. Our results pave the way for realizing the full potential of self-supervised learning for histopathology applications.
description: Accepted for publication at the Journal of Machine Learning for Biomedical Imaging (MELBA) https://www.melba-journal.org/papers/2022:023.html
Editorial: Competence-oriented study - didactic reform of higher education or Bologna-Rhetoric?
Creators: name: Tenberg, Ralf
Publisher: name: Journal of Technical Education (JOTED)
Year: 2014

description: The planned and realized at least on a formal level standardization of qualifications in the EU was enforced in 2010. But the ongoing implementation problems and criticisms throw a bad light on the concept of the Bologna process. The key objectives - a faster career and the recognition of achievements over the country's borders - have not been achieved in Germany. An improvement of the reform takes place only on a contextual level, instead of taking into account the core aspect of the programmatic: the competence orientation.
description: Journal of Technical Education (JOTED), Bd. 2 Nr. 1 (2014): Journal of Technical Education (JOTED)
Effect of the electronic pressure on the energy and magnetic moment of charged test particles in turbulent electromagnetic fields
Creators: name: Balzarini, B.
name: Pugliese, F.
name: Dmitruk, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we perform direct numerical simulations of three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamics with a background magnetic field, representing solar wind plasma, and introduce test particles to explore how a turbulent electromagnetic environment affects them. Our focus is on the terms of the electric field present in the generalized Omh's Law that are usually dismissed as unimportant. These are the Hall and the electronic pressure (EP) terms, but we concentrate primarily on the latter. We discover that the EP term generates an acceleration of the particles, which represent protons, in the direction parallel to the background magnetic field, in contrast to the known preferential perpendicular energization. By studying the electric field itself, we are able to detect the type of structures of the EP field that produce such parallel acceleration. These are thin and elongated structures placed on top of a monotonic and near-zero background. A statistical study to understand the real significance of the electronic pressure term is also performed.
Extraction of the $π^+π^-$ Subsystem in Diffractively Produced $π^-π^+π^-$ at COMPASS
Creators: name: Krinner, Fabian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The COMPASS experiment at CERN has collected a large data sample of 50 million diffractively produced $π^-π^+π^-$ events using a $190\,$GeV$/c$ negatively charged hadron beam. The partial-wave analysis (PWA) of these high-precision data reveals previously unseen details. The PWA, which is currently limited by systematic uncertainties, is based on an isobar model, where multi-particle decays are described as subsequent two-body decays and where a prior-knowledge parametrization for the intermediate two-pion resonances has to be assumed -- usually a Breit-Wigner amplitude -- thus increasing systematic uncertainties, due to the concrete choice of the parametrization. We present a novel method, which allows to extract isobar amplitudes directly from the data in a less biased way. The focus lies on the scalar $π^+π^-$ subsystem, where a previous analysis found a signal for a new axial-vector state $a_1(1420)$ decaying into $f_0(980)π$.
description: Proceedings for the MENU 2016 conference from 25 July 2016 to 30 July 2016, 6 pages, 15 figures
Editorial: Kompetenzorientiert studieren - didaktische Hochschulreform oder Bologna-Rhetorik?
Creators: name: Tenberg, Ralf
Publisher: name: Journal of Technical Education (JOTED)
Year: 2014

description: Die angestrebte und zumindest auf formaler Ebene realisierte Vereinheitlichung von Studienabschlüssen in der EU wurde 2010 durchgesetzt. Doch die anhaltenden Implementierungsprobleme und Kritiken werfen kein gutes Licht auf das Konzept des Bologna-Prozesses. Die zentralen Ziele - ein schnellerer Berufseinstieg und die Anerkennung von Leistungen über die Landesgrenzen hinaus - wurden in Deutschland bisher nicht erreicht. Eine Verbesserung der Reform findet von den Beteiligten zurzeit lediglich auf kontextueller Ebene statt und berücksichtigt dabei nicht den Kernaspekt der Programmatik: die Kompetenzorientierung.
description: Journal of Technical Education (JOTED), Bd. 2 Nr. 1 (2014): Journal of Technical Education (JOTED)
XMM-Newton Large Program on SN1006 - II: Thermal Emission
Creators: name: Li, Jiang-Tao
name: Decourchelle, Anne
name: Miceli, Marco
name: Vink, Jacco
name: Bocchino, Fabrizio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on the XMM-Newton large program on SN1006 and our newly developed spatially resolved spectroscopy tools (Paper~I), we study the thermal emission from ISM and ejecta of SN1006 by analyzing the spectra extracted from 583 tessellated regions dominated by thermal emission. With some key improvements in spectral analysis as compared to Paper~I, we obtain much better spectral fitting results with less residuals. The spatial distributions of the thermal and ionization states of the ISM and ejecta show different features, which are consistent with a scenario that the ISM (ejecta) is heated and ionized by the forward (reverse) shock propagating outward (inward). Different elements have different spatial distributions and origins, with Ne mostly from the ISM, Si and S from the ejecta, and O and Mg from both ISM and ejecta. Fe L-shell lines are only detected in a small shell-like region SE to the center of SN1006, indicating that most of the Fe-rich ejecta has not yet or just recently been reached by the reverse shock. The overall ejecta abundance patterns for most of the heavy elements, except for Fe and sometimes S, are consistent with typical Type~Ia SN products. The NW half of the SNR interior probably represents a region with turbulently mixed ISM and ejecta, so has enhanced emission from O, Mg, Si, S, lower ejecta temperature, and a large diversity of ionization age. In addition to the asymmetric ISM distribution, an asymmetric explosion of the progenitor star is also needed to explain the asymmetric ejecta distribution.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures, 1 table, MNRAS in press
Solutions of kinetic-type equations with perturbed collisions
Creators: name: Buraczewski, Dariusz
name: Dyszewski, Piotr
name: Marynych, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary: 60J85, Secondary: 82C40, 60F05

description: We study a class of kinetic-type differential equations $\partial ϕ_t/\partial t+ϕ_t=\widehat{\mathcal{Q}}ϕ_t$, where $\widehat{\mathcal{Q}}$ is an inhomogeneous smoothing transform and, for every $t\geq 0$, $ϕ_t$ is the Fourier--Stieltjes transform of a probability measure. We show that under mild assumptions on $\widehat{\mathcal{Q}}$ the above differential equation possesses a unique solution and represent this solution as the characteristic function of a certain stochastic process associated with the continuous time branching random walk pertaining to $\widehat{\mathcal{Q}}$. Establishing limit theorems for this process allows us to describe asymptotic properties of the solution, as $t\to\infty$.
description: 24 pages, published in Stochastic Processes and Their Applications
The wind loading of large circular reinforced concrete chimneys
Creators: name: Goddard, Charles.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Room temperature structure and energetics of water-hydroxyl layers on Pt(111)
Creators: name: Mikkelsen, August E. G.
name: Kristoffersen, Henrik H.
name: Schiøtz, Jakob
name: Vegge, Tejs
name: Hansen, Heine A.
name: Jacobsen, Karsten W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The interactions between water and hydroxyl species on Pt(111) surfaces have been intensely investigated due to their importance to fuel cell electrocatalysis. Here we present a room temperature molecular dynamics study of their structure and energetics using an ensemble of neural network potentials, which allow us to obtain unprecedented statistical sampling. We first study the energetics of hydroxyl formation, where we find a near-linear adsorption energy profile, which exhibits a soft and gradual increase in the differential adsorption energy at high hydroxyl coverages. This is strikingly different from the predictions of the conventional bilayer model, which displays a kink at 1/3ML OH coverage indicating a sizeable jump in differential adsorption energy, but within the statistical uncertainty of previously reported ab initio molecular dynamics studies. We then analyze the structure of the interface, where we provide evidence for the water-OH/Pt(111) interface being hydrophobic at high hydroxyl coverages. We furthermore explain the observed adsorption energetics by analyzing the hydrogen bonding in the water-hydroxyl adlayers, where we argue that the increase in differential adsorption energy at high OH coverage can be explained by a reduction in the number of hydrogen bonds from the adsorbed water molecules to the hydroxyls.
Kinematic and morphological evidence for the role of bars in disc galaxies
Creators: name: Beckman, J.E.
name: Font, J.
name: Zurita, A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: bars, galaxies, galaxy: dynamics, galaxy: structure

description: Poster presented at the conference "Galactic bars: driving and decoding galaxy evolution", 3-7 july 2023 in Granada.
NwT-Unterricht: Herausforderungen bei der Einführung eines neuen Faches im Spiegel einer aktuellen Bestandsaufnahme
Creators: name: Mokhonko, Svitlana
name: Stefanica, Florina
name: Nickolaus, Reinhold
Publisher: name: Journal of Technical Education (JOTED)
Year: 2014

description: Im Schuljahr 2007/2008 wurde an allgemeinbildenden Gymnasien des Landes Baden-Württemberg das neue Fach Naturwissenschaft und Technik (NwT) eingeführt. In diesem Fach sollen Themen aus den Naturwissenschaften und der Technik interdisziplinär behandelt werden. Die Einführung dieses neuen Faches stellt Lehrkräfte und Schulen vor große Herausforderungen. Der vorliegende Beitrag thematisiert die aktuellen Problemfelder und gibt einen Einblick, wie damit an den Schulen umgegangen wird. Schlüsselwörter: Allgemeinbildende Gymnasien, Naturwissenschaft und Technik, Unterrichtsgestaltung, Bildungsstandards
description: Journal of Technical Education (JOTED), Bd. 2 Nr. 1 (2014): Journal of Technical Education (JOTED)
The GECKOS Survey: Turning galaxy evolution on its side with deep observations of edge-on galaxies with and without bars
Creators: name: van de Sande, J.
name: Fraser-McKelvie, A.
name: Fisher, D. B.
name: Martig, M.
name: Hayden, M. R.
name: Collaboration, The GECKOS Survey
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Due to the complexity of internal and external processes acting on disk galaxies, many outstanding questions regarding their evolution remain. Our Milky Way provides an unparalleled view of disk evolution but despite the wealth of data from the Galaxy, the origin of its different chemical components – the alpha rich and poor disk and their connection to the Galactic bar – remains elusive. In this talk I will present the first results of the GECKOS survey, a new ESO VLT/MUSE large program. One the aims of GECKOS is to reveal the impact of bars in changing the dynamical and chemical properties of disk galaxies like the Milky Way. Edge-on galaxies are ideal for this task: vertical boxy-peanut bar structures act as time capsules that allow us to determine the radial metallicity gradients present in the disk at the time of bar formation. The GECKOS sample of 35 nearby, edge-on disk galaxies with similar mass as the Milky Way, was designed to determine the differences between galaxies with and without a bar based on their boxy versus non-boxy central components. At this meeting, I will present exciting early results from the survey’s first semester IFS data, with 2D measurements of stellar abundance, age, and kinematics; all core ingredients for understanding the link between chemical evolution and the presence of a bar. With these data, we aim to extend Galactic methods to the wider galaxy population, reaping the benefits of detailed Milky Way studies on the Galactic bar, while probing the diverse formation mechanisms of bars in external galaxies.
Harvesting Production GraphQL Queries to Detect Schema Faults
Creators: name: Zetterlund, Louise
name: Tiwari, Deepika
name: Monperrus, Martin
name: Baudry, Benoit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: GraphQL is a new paradigm to design web APIs. Despite its growing popularity, there are few techniques to verify the implementation of a GraphQL API. We present a new testing approach based on GraphQL queries that are logged while users interact with an application in production. Our core motivation is that production queries capture real usages of the application, and are known to trigger behavior that may not be tested by developers. For each logged query, a test is generated to assert the validity of the GraphQL response with respect to the schema. We implement our approach in a tool called AutoGraphQL, and evaluate it on two real-world case studies that are diverse in their domain and technology stack: an open-source e-commerce application implemented in Python called Saleor, and an industrial case study which is a PHP-based finance website called Frontapp. AutoGraphQL successfully generates test cases for the two applications. The generated tests cover 26.9% of the Saleor schema, including parts of the API not exercised by the original test suite, as well as 48.7% of the Frontapp schema, detecting 8 schema faults, thanks to production queries.
Stimulated Laser Cooling Using Microfabrication
Creators: name: Li, Chao
name: Chai, Xiao
name: Zhuo, Linzhao
name: Wei, Bochao
name: Lotfi, Ardalan
name: Ayazi, Farrokh
name: Raman, Chandra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have achieved stimulated laser cooling of thermal rubidium atomic beams on a silicon chip. Following pre-collimation via a silicon microchannel array, we perform beam brightening via a blue-detuned optical molasses. Owing to the small size of the chip elements, we require only 8 mW, or nine times lower power than earlier free-space experiments on cesium [Aspect et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 57, 1688 (1986)]. Silicon micromirrors are fabricated and hand-assembled to precisely overlap a strong elliptical standing wave with a sheet-shaped atomic density distribution, with dimensions chosen precisely to match these. We reduce the transverse velocity spread to below 1 m/s within a total travel distance of 4.5 mm on a silicon substrate. We use Doppler-sensitive two-photon Raman spectroscopy to characterize the cooling. In contrast to time-of-flight methods utilized previously, this approach requires a much shorter apparatus to achieve similar resolution. This hybrid of passive and active collimation paves the way toward the construction of full-fledged atomic instruments, such as atomic beam clocks and gyroscopes, entirely on-chip through batch-fabricated processes.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
Femtotesla nearly quantum-noise-limited pulsed gradiometer at Earth-scale fields
Creators: name: Lucivero, V. G.
name: Lee, W.
name: Romalis, M. V.
name: Limes, M. E.
name: Foley, E. L.
name: Kornack, T. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe a finite fields magnetic gradiometer using an intense pulsed laser to polarize a $^{87}$Rb atomic ensemble and a compact VCSEL probe laser to detect paramagnetic Faraday rotation in a single multipass cell. We report differential magnetic sensitivity of $14$ fT/Hz$^{1/2}$ over a broad dynamic range including Earth's field magnitude and common-mode rejection ratio higher than $10^4$. We also observe a nearly quantum-noise-limited behaviour of the gradiometer, by comparing the experimental standard deviation of the estimated frequency difference against the Cramér-Rao lower bound in the presence of white photon shot-noise, atomic spin noise and atomic diffusion.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Unveiling the origin of the outer ring in NGC 1291
Creators: name: Gil, Luis
name: Pérez, Isabel
name: Ruíz-Lara, Tomás
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: NGC 1291
Outer ring
Galactic bar
Integral-field spectroscopy
Stellar populations
Merger

description: We present an analysis of the star formation history of the outer ring of NGC 1291, obtained from the analysis of integrated spectra obtained from this structure. Based on our results, we propose that a gas-rich merger event could be responsible for the observed stellar age distribution within the outer ring. The merger hypothesis aligns with numerous phenomena observed in NGC 1291, as reported in the existing literature. The main finding of this work is the correlation observed between the stellar populations in the outer ring and those within the inner region of NGC 1291, which suggests that the outer ring formation occurred from inside out, likely as a result of the assembly of the bars. In collaboration with a previous study of the bars of NGC 1291, we have estimated that their assembly may have occurred between 6.5 Gyr and 8 Gyr ago, which also serves as an upper limit for the age of the outer ring.
Ein konstruktivistisches Lehr-Lern-Konzept mit der Unterstützung von Computern im Stahlbau
Creators: name: Merle, Heiko
name: Lange, Jörg
Publisher: name: Journal of Technical Education (JOTED)
Year: 2014

description: Bei Studierenden des Bauingenieurwesens zeigen sich immer wieder Verständnisschwierigkeiten zu den Inhalten der Theorie II. Ordnung und der Stabilitätstheorie. Um diesem Phänomen zu begegnen, ist der stattfindende Lehr-Lernprozess unter Berücksichtigung der Inhalte zu analysieren und gegebenenfalls zu verändern. Computerunterstützungen bieten dabei eine ausgezeichnete Möglichkeit Lernprozesse zu verändern. Ausgehend von einer formalen und subjektbezogenen Beschreibung von Bildung wird ein Lehr-Lernkontext auf Basis der lerntheoretischen Perspektive des sozial-moderaten Konstruktivismus entwickelt, welcher Lernende befähigt, kognitive Konstruktionen zu erzeugen, zu verändern und zu vernetzen. Die Bedingungen an den konstruktivistischen Lernkontext werden mit Hilfe von Computerunterstützungen in Form eines Wikis erfüllt. Im Rahmen eine didaktischen Umsetzung wird der Lehr-Lernkontext in Lehrveranstaltungen des Stahlbaus der TU Darmstadt angewendet und auf Basis der geltenden Studienordnung beschrieben. Die Evaluation zeigt, dass konstruktivistische Lernprozesse initiiert wurden und so ein maßgeblicher Lernerfolg erreicht werden konnte. Schlüsselwörter: Stahlbau, Konstruktivismus, eLearning, Wiki, Didaktische Umsetzung
description: Journal of Technical Education (JOTED), Bd. 2 Nr. 1 (2014): Journal of Technical Education (JOTED)
The application of computer control and data logging to a bench scale coal hydroliquefaction reactor
Creators: name: Weiss, R. A.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Wissenschaft und Technik. Zur Reflektion von Technoscience und Interdisziplinarität in der Allgemeinbildung
Creators: name: Graube, Gabriele
Publisher: name: Journal of Technical Education (JOTED)
Year: 2014

description: Der vorliegende Aufsatz befasst sich mit der Thematik von Wissenschaft und Technik in der Allgemeinbildung im Kontext von Interdisziplinarität. Aus dem Wandel der Technosphäre, der Wissenschaftskultur (Technowissenschaft) und dem Wandel im pädagogischen Denken und Handeln wird die Notwendigkeit einer interdisziplinär fachdidaktischen Forschung abgeleitet und die Entwicklung von Ansätzen zur Technoscience Education als eine Perspektive diskutiert. Schlüsselwörter: Technowissenschaft, Interdisziplinarität, Bildung, Technikbildung, Fachdidaktik
description: Journal of Technical Education (JOTED), Bd. 2 Nr. 1 (2014): Journal of Technical Education (JOTED)
Electrodynamic response of type II Weyl semimetals
Creators: name: Chinotti, M.
name: Pal, A.
name: Ren, W. J.
name: Petrovic, C.
name: Degiorgi, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Weyl fermions play a major role in quantum field theory but have been quite elusive as fundamental particles. Materials based on quasi two-dimensional bismuth layers were recently designed and provide an arena for the study of the interplay between anisotropic Dirac fermions, magnetism and structural changes, allowing the formation of Weyl fermions in condensed matter. Here, we perform an optical investigation of YbMnBi$_2$, a representative type II Weyl semimetal, and contrast its excitation spectrum with the optical response of the more conventional semimetal EuMnBi$_2$. Our comparative study allows us disentangling the optical fingerprints of type II Weyl fermions, but also challenge the present theoretical understanding of their electrodynamic response.