cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Impact of substrate on tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy: A comparison between field-distribution simulations and graphene measurements
Creators: name: Miranda, Hudson
name: Rabelo, Cassiano
name: Cancado, Luiz Gustavo
name: Vasconcelos, Thiago L.
name: Oliveira, Bruno S.
name: Schulz, Florian
name: Lange, Holger
name: Reich, Stephanie
name: Kusch, Patryk
name: Jorio, Ado
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Nanophotonics
subject: Near-field optics
subject: Raman spectroscopy
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::530 Physik

description: Tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (TERS) has reached nanometer spatial resolution for measurements performed at ambient conditions and subnanometer resolution at ultrahigh vacuum. Super-resolution (beyond the tip apex diameter) TERS has been obtained mostly in the gap mode configuration, where a conductive substrate localizes the electric fields. Here we present experimental and theoretical TERS to explore the field distribution responsible for spectral enhancement. We use gold tips of 40 +/- 10 nm apex diameter to measure TERS on graphene, a spatially delocalized two-dimensional sample, sitting on different substrates: (i) glass, (ii) a thin layer of gold and (iii) a surface covered with 12 nm diameter gold spheres, for which 6 nm resolution is achieved at ambient conditions. The super-resolution is due to the field configuration resulting from the coupled tip-sample-substrate system, exhibiting a nontrivial spatial surface distribution. The field distribution and the symmetry selection rules are different for nongap versus gap mode configurations. This influences the overall enhancement which depends on the Raman mode symmetry and substrate structure.
Artificial graphene: Unconventional superconductivity in a honeycomb superlattice
Creators: name: Li, Tommy
name: Ingham, Julian
name: Scammell, Harley D.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Dirac fermions
subject: transport
subject: behavior
subject: phases
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::530 Physik

description: Artificial lattices have served as a platform to study the physics of unconventional superconductivity. We study semiconductor artificial graphene-a honeycomb superlattice imposed on a semiconductor heterostructure-which hosts the Dirac physics of graphene but with a tunable periodic potential strength and lattice spacing, allowing control of the strength of the electron-electron interactions. We demonstrate a new mechanism for superconductivity due to repulsive interactions which requires a strong lattice potential and a minimum doping away from the Dirac points. The mechanism relies on the Berry phase of the emergent Dirac fermions, which causes oppositely moving electron pairs near the Dirac points to interfere destructively, reducing the Coulomb repulsion and thereby giving rise to an effective attraction. The attractive component of the interaction is enhanced by a novel antiscreening effect which, in turn, increases with doping; as a result, there is a minimum doping beyond which superconducting order generically ensues. The dominant superconducting state exhibits a spatially modulated gap with chiral p-wave symmetry. Microscopic calculations suggest that the possible critical temperatures are large relative to the low carrier densities, for a range of experimentally realistic parameters.
Tori in the Cremona groups
Creators: name: Popov, Vladimir L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14E07

description: We classify up to conjugacy the subgroups of certain types in the full, in the affine, and in the special affine Cremona groups. We prove that the normalizers of these subgroups are algebraic. As an application, we obtain new results in the Linearization Problem generalizing to disconnected groups Bia\lynicki-Birula's results of 1966-67. We prove "fusion theorems" for $n$-dimensional tori in the affine and in the special affine Cremona groups of rank $n$. In the final section we introduce and discuss the notions of Jordan decomposition and torsion primes for the Cremona groups.
description: 30 pages. On p.13 a footnote on the existence of maximal tori of nonmaximal dimension in the affine and in the special affine Cremona groups is added
Parallel Visual Pathways with Topographic versus Nontopographic Organization Connect the Drosophila Eyes to the Central Brain
Creators: name: Timaeus, Lorin
name: Geid, Laura
name: Sancer, Gizem
name: Wernet, Mathias F.
name: Hummel, Thomas
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: anterior optic tubercle
subject: central complex
subject: protocerebral bridge
subject: spectral preference
subject: genetic dissection
subject: neural connections
subject: sensitive neurons
subject: field properties
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: One hallmark of the visual system is a strict retinotopic organization from the periphery toward the central brain, where functional imaging in Drosophila revealed a spatially accurate representation of visual cues in the central complex. This raised the question how, on a circuit level, the topographic features are implemented, as the majority of visual neurons enter the central brain converge in optic glomeruli. We discovered a spatial segregation of topographic versus non-topographic projections of distinct classes of medullo-tubercular (MeTu) neurons into a specific visual glomerulus, the anterior optic tubercle (AOTU). These parallel channels synapse onto different tubercular-bulbar (TuBu) neurons, which in turn relay visual information onto specific central complex ring neurons in the bulb neuropil. Hence, our results provide the circuit basis for spatially accurate representation of visual information and highlight the AOTU's role as a prominent relay station for spatial information from the retina to the central brain.
Continuous Gravitational Waves from Isolated Galactic Neutron Stars in the Advanced Detector Era
Creators: name: Wade, Leslie
name: Siemens, Xavier
name: Kaplan, David L.
name: Knispel, Benjamin
name: Allen, Bruce
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a simulated population of isolated Galactic neutron stars. The rotational frequency of each neutron star evolves through a combination of electromagnetic and gravitational wave emission. The magnetic field strength dictates the dipolar emission, and the ellipticity (a measure of a neutron star's deformation) dictates the gravitational wave emission. Through both analytic and numerical means, we assess the detectability of the Galactic neutron star population and bound the magnetic field strength and ellipticity parameter space of Galactic neutron stars with or without a direct gravitational wave detection. While our simulated population is primitive, this work establishes a framework by which future efforts can be conducted.
description: Accepted for publication by Physical Review D, 8 pages, 5 figures
Elsewhere Affects and the Politics of Engagement across Religious Life-Worlds Introduction
Creators: name: Kasmani, Omar
name: Selim, Nasima
name: Dilger, Hansjörg
name: Mattes, Dominik
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Sehwan-Sharif
subject: aesthetics
subject: encounters
subject: uncanny
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::300 Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie::301 Soziologie, Anthropologie

description: Imagine a divided mountain-scape. A line of ceasefire. Fog. Imagine coming to a clearing. In a mist-covered, militarized order of here and there, affection makes way where vision or bodies cannot. Mothers call out to daughters; sons identify their mothers’ voices in two-way traffics of sound. So long as the vocal exchange lasts, somewhere along the disputed territory of the Golan Heights, an Elsewhere opens.
Optimally controlled quantum discrimination and estimation
Creators: name: Basilewitsch, Daniel
name: Yuan, Haidong
name: Koch, Christiane P.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Stein's lemma
subject: improvement
subject: distance
subject: states
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::530 Physik

description: Quantum discrimination and estimation are pivotal for many quantum technologies, and their performance depends on the optimal choice of probe state and measurement. Here we show that their performance can be further improved by suitably tailoring the pulses that make up the interferometer. Developing an optimal control framework and applying it to the discrimination and estimation of a magnetic field in the presence of noise, we find an increase in the overall achievable state distinguishability. Moreover, the maximum distinguishability can be stabilized for times that are more than an order of magnitude longer than the decoherence time.
Ortalidina punctata Coquillett, comb. nov.
Creators: name: Gaimari, Stephen D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Chamaemyiidae
Ortalidina
Ortalidina punctata

description: Ortalidina punctata (Coquillett), comb. nov.
 Acrometopia punctata Coquillett 1902: 185. USA. Georgia. HT Ƥ (Fig. 22), USNM. Sturtevant 1923: 4 (as senior synonym of Trigonometopus reticulatus); McAlpine 1965: 707 (catalog); Steyskal 1972: 302 (in key). Toropamecia punctata (Coquillett) (comb. Cogan 1978: 232).
description: Published as part of Gaimari, Stephen D., 2012, A new genus and species of Chamaemyiidae (Diptera: Lauxanioidea) from South America feeding on Ceroplastes wax scales (Hemiptera: Coccidae), and status of the genus Ortalidina as a chamaemyiid, pp. 39-50 in Zootaxa 3342 on page 46, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.211348
Stationary optomechanical entanglement between a mechanical oscillator and its measurement apparatus
Creators: name: Gut, C.
name: Winkler, K.
name: Hoelscher-Obermaier, J.
name: Hofer, S. G.
name: Moghadas Nia, R.
name: Walk, Nathan
name: Steffens, Adrian
name: Eisert, Jens
name: Wieczorek, W.
name: Slater, J. A.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: quantum
subject: radiation
subject: criterion
subject: systems
subject: motion
subject: noise
subject: light
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::530 Physik

description: We provide an argument to infer stationary entanglement between light and a mechanical oscillator based on continuous measurement of light only. We propose an experimentally realizable scheme involving an optomechanical cavity driven by a resonant, continuous-wave field operating in the non-sideband-resolved regime. This corresponds to the conventional configuration of an optomechanical position or force sensor. We show analytically that entanglement between the mechanical oscillator and the output field of the optomechanical cavity can be inferred from the measurement of squeezing in (generalized) Einstein-Podolski-Rosen quadratures of suitable temporal modes of the stationary light field. Squeezing can reach levels of up to 50% of noise reduction below shot noise in the limit of large quantum cooperativity. Remarkably, entanglement persists even in the opposite limit of small cooperativity. Viewing the optomechanical device as a position sensor, entanglement between mechanics and light is an instance of object-apparatus entanglement predicted by quantum measurement theory.
Simulation of open-quantum-system dynamics using the quantum Zeno effect
Creators: name: Patsch, Sabrina
name: Maniscalco, Sabrina
name: Koch, Christiane P.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Open quantum systems & decoherence
subject: Quantum Zeno dynamics
subject: Quantum simulation
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::530 Physik

description: We suggest a quantum simulator that allows to study the role of memory effects in the dynamics of open quantum systems. A particular feature of our simulator is the ability to engineer both Markovian and non-Markovian dynamics by means of quantum measurements and the quantum Zeno dynamics induced by them. The simulator is realized by two subsystems of a bipartite quantum system or two subspaces of a single system which can be identified as system and meter. Exploiting the analogy between dissipation and quantum measurements, the interaction between system and meter gives rise to quantum Zeno dynamics, and the dissipation strength experienced by the system can be tuned by changing the parameters of the measurement, i.e., the interaction with the meter. Our proposal can readily be realized with existing experimental technology, such as cavity- or circuit-QED platforms or ultracold atoms.
Ortalidina reducta Cogan, comb. nov.
Creators: name: Gaimari, Stephen D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Chamaemyiidae
Ortalidina
Ortalidina reducta

description: Ortalidina reducta (Cogan), comb. nov.
 Toropamecia reducta Cogan 1978: 236. Chile. Malleco. HT 3 (Fig. 23), CNC.
description: Published as part of Gaimari, Stephen D., 2012, A new genus and species of Chamaemyiidae (Diptera: Lauxanioidea) from South America feeding on Ceroplastes wax scales (Hemiptera: Coccidae), and status of the genus Ortalidina as a chamaemyiid, pp. 39-50 in Zootaxa 3342 on page 49, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.211348
Politicizing Elsewhere(s) Negotiating Representations of Neo-Pentecostal Aesthetic Practice in Berlin
Creators: name: Mattes, Dominik
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: aesthetics
subject: affect
subject: belonging
subject: diasporic religion
subject: Pentecostalism
subject: politics of representation
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::300 Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie::301 Soziologie, Anthropologie

description: Drawing on ethnographic research in a Nigerian-based Pentecostal church in Berlin, this article explores the discussions that emerged when my scholarly representations of the congregants' aesthetic engagements with the Elsewhere diverged from the church leadership's expectations. More specifically, it interrogates my representational practice in relation to the stakes of the diasporic congregation, which is operating at the political margin of Berlin's widely diverse religious landscape. In exploring the collision of my analytical focus on the affect-charged elements of the believers' routines of connecting to the Elsewhere with the church's emphasis on affective discipline and moderation, the article demonstrates how aesthetic practices that engage with the Elsewhere not only have a religious but inevitably also a political bearing.
Delay master stability of inertial oscillator networks
Creators: name: Börner, Reyk
name: Schultz, Paul
name: Ünzelmann, Benjamin
name: Wang, Deli
name: Hellmann, Frank
name: Kurths, Jürgen
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Collective behavior in networks
subject: Network stability
subject: Synchronization transition
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::530 Physik

description: Time lags occur in a vast range of real-world dynamical systems due to finite reaction times or propagation speeds. Here we derive an analytical approach to determine the asymptotic stability of synchronous states in networks of coupled inertial oscillators with constant delay. Building on the master stability formalism, our technique provides necessary and sufficient delay master stability conditions. We apply it to two classes of potential future power grids, where processing delays in control dynamics will likely pose a challenge as renewable energies proliferate. Distinguishing between phase and frequency delay, our method offers an insight into how bifurcation points depend on the network topology of these system designs.
Structural Parameters of Galaxies in CANDELS
Creators: name: van der Wel, A.
name: Bell, E. F.
name: Haussler, B.
name: McGrath, E. J.
name: Chang, Yu-Yen
name: Guo, Yicheng
name: McIntosh, D. H.
name: Rix, H. -W.
name: Barden, M.
name: Cheung, E.
name: Faber, S. M.
name: Ferguson, H. C.
name: Galametz, A.
name: Grogin, N. A.
name: Hartley, W.
name: Kartaltepe, J. S.
name: Kocevski, D. D.
name: Koekemoer, A. M.
name: Lotz, J.
name: Mozena, M.
name: Peth, M. A.
name: Peng, Chien Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present global structural parameter measurements of 109,533 unique, H_F160W-selected objects from the CANDELS multi-cycle treasury program. Sersic model fits for these objects are produced with GALFIT in all available near-infrared filters (H_F160W, J_F125W and, for a subset, Y_F105W). The parameters of the best-fitting Sersic models (total magnitude, half-light radius, Sersic index, axis ratio, and position angle) are made public, along with newly constructed point spread functions for each field and filter. Random uncertainties in the measured parameters are estimated for each individual object based on a comparison between multiple, independent measurements of the same set of objects. To quantify systematic uncertainties we create a mosaic with simulated galaxy images with a realistic distribution of input parameters and then process and analyze the mosaic in an identical manner as the real data. We find that accurate and precise measurements -- to 10% or better -- of all structural parameters can typically be obtained for galaxies with H_F160W < 23, with comparable fidelity for basic size and shape measurements for galaxies to H_F160W ~ 24.5.
description: public data release of structural parameters from CANDELS WFC3 data: http://www.mpia-hd.mpg.de/homes/vdwel/candels.html
Effect of topological defects and Coulomb charge on the low energy quantum dynamics of gapped graphene
Creators: name: Chakraborty, Baishali
name: Gupta, Kumar S.
name: Sen, Siddhartha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the combined effect of a conical topological defect and a Coulomb charge impurity on the dynamics of Dirac fermions in gapped graphene. Beyond a certain strength of the Coulomb charge, quantum instability sets in, which demarcates the boundary between sub and supercritical values of the charge. In the subcritical regime, for certain values of the system parameters, the allowed boundary conditions in gapped graphene cone can be classified in terms of a single real parameter. We show that the observables such as local density of states, scattering phase shifts and the bound state spectra are sensitive to the value of this real parameter, which is interesting from an empirical point of view. For a supercritical Coulomb charge, we analyze the system with a regularized potential as well as with a zigzag boundary condition and find the effect of the sample topology on the observable features of the system.
description: 22 pages, 23 figures
Spin-fluctuations in Ti$_{60}$V$_{40}$ alloy and its influence on the superconductivity
Creators: name: Matin, Md
name: Chandra, L S Sharath
name: Meena, Radhakishan
name: Chattopadhyay, M K
name: Roy, S B
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report experimental studies of the temperature and magnetic field dependence of resistivity and dc magnetic susceptibility and the temperature dependence of zero field heat capacity in a Ti$_{0.6}$V$_{0.4}$ alloy. The temperature dependence of the normal state dc magnetic susceptibility in this Ti$_{0.6}$V$_{0.4}$ alloy shows T$^2$lnT behavior. The temperature dependence of resistivity follows a T$^2$ behaviour in the range 20-50 K. On the other hand, a term $T^3$ lnT is needed in the expression containing the electronic and lattice heat capacities to explain the temperature dependence of heat capacity at temperatures where $T^2$ dependence of resistivity is observed. Such temperature dependence of dc magnetic susceptibility, resistivity and heat capacity are indications of the presence of spin-fluctuations in the system. Further experimental evidence for the spin fluctuations is obtained in the form of a negative value of T$^5$ term in the temperature dependence of resistivity. The influence of spin-fluctuations on the superconducting properties of Ti$_{0.6}$V$_{0.4}$ is discussed in detail. We show from our analysis of resistivity and the susceptibility in normal and superconducting states that the spin fluctuations present in Ti$_{0.6}$V$_{0.4}$ alloy are itinerant in nature. There is some evidence of the existence of preformed Cooper-pairs in the temperature range well above the superconducting transition temperature. Our study indicates that the interesting correlations between spin-fluctuations and superconductivity may actually be quite widespread amongst the superconducting materials, and not necessarily be confined only to certain classes of exotic compounds.
description: 24 pages, 8 figures
Schwedische Kunsterziehung
Creators: name: Lindhagen, Nils
Publisher: name: Kunstchronik. Monatsschrift für Kunstwissenschaft, Museumswesen und Denkmalpflege
Year: 2019

description: Kunstchronik. Monatsschrift für Kunstwissenschaft, Museumswesen und Denkmalpflege, Bd. 3 Nr. 2 (1950): Kunstchronik. Monatsschrift für Kunstwissenschaft, Museumswesen und Denkmalpflege
From primitive spaces of bounded rank matrices to a generalized Gerstenhaber theorem
Creators: name: Pazzis, Clément de Seguins
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 15A30, 15A03

description: A recent generalization of Gerstenhaber's theorem on spaces of nilpotent matrices is derived, under mild conditions on the cardinality of the underlying field, from Atkinson's structure theorem on primitive spaces of bounded rank matrices.
description: 10 pages
Topological phases in ultracold polar-molecule quantum magnets
Creators: name: Manmana, Salvatore R.
name: Stoudenmire, E. M.
name: Hazzard, Kaden R. A.
name: Rey, Ana Maria
name: Gorshkov, Alexey V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show how to use polar molecules in an optical lattice to engineer quantum spin models with arbitrary spin S >= 1/2 and with interactions featuring a direction-dependent spin anisotropy. This is achieved by encoding the effective spin degrees of freedom in microwave-dressed rotational states of the molecules and by coupling the spins through dipolar interactions. We demonstrate how one of the experimentally most accessible anisotropies stabilizes symmetry protected topological phases in spin ladders. Using the numerically exact density matrix renormalization group method, we find that these interacting phases -- previously studied only in the nearest-neighbor case -- survive in the presence of long-range dipolar interactions. We also show how to use our approach to realize the bilinear-biquadratic spin-1 and the Kitaev honeycomb models. Experimental detection schemes and imperfections are discussed.
description: Main text: 4 pages plus references, 3 figures. Supplementary info.: 4+epsilon pages. v2: significantly improved presentation
Ortalidina reticulata Johnson, comb. nov.
Creators: name: Gaimari, Stephen D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Chamaemyiidae
Ortalidina
Ortalidina reticulata

description: Ortalidina reticulata (Johnson), comb. nov.
 Trigonometopus reticulatus Johnson 1913: 81. USA. Florida: Crescent City. HT Ƥ (Fig. 25), MCZ. Sturtevant 1923: 4 (as junior synonym of Acrometopia punctata); McAlpine 1965: 707 (as junior synonym of Acrometopia punctata).
 Acrometopia reticulata (Johnson) (comb. Sturtevant 1923: 4). Steyskal 1972: 302 (revised status as valid, in key).
 Toropamecia reticulata (Johnson) (comb. Cogan 1978: 232). Tanasijtshuk 1992: 214 /81 (figs., 3 genitalia).
description: Published as part of Gaimari, Stephen D., 2012, A new genus and species of Chamaemyiidae (Diptera: Lauxanioidea) from South America feeding on Ceroplastes wax scales (Hemiptera: Coccidae), and status of the genus Ortalidina as a chamaemyiid, pp. 39-50 in Zootaxa 3342 on page 49, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.211348
From spin chains to real-time thermal field theory using tensor networks
Creators: name: Bañuls, Mari Carmen
name: Heller, Michal P.
name: Jansen, Karl
name: Knaute, Johannes
name: Svensson, Viktor
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: matrix product states
subject: renormalization-group
subject: quantum
subject: systems
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::530 Physik

description: One of the most interesting directions in theoretical high-energy and condensed-matter physics is understanding dynamical properties of collective states of quantum field theories. The most elementary tool in this quest is retarded equilibrium correlators governing the linear response theory. In this article we examine tensor networks as a way of determining them in a fully ab initio way in a class of (1+1)-dimensional quantum field theories arising as infrared descriptions of quantum Ising chains. We show that, complemented with signal analysis using the Prony method, tensor network calculations for intermediate times provide a powerful way to explore the structure of singularities of the correlator in the complex frequency plane and to make predictions about the thermal response to perturbations in a class of nonintegrable interacting quantum field theories.
The 3D incompressible Euler equations with a passive scalar: a road to blow-up?
Creators: name: Gibbon, John D.
name: Titi, Edriss S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The 3D incompressible Euler equations with a passive scalar $θ$ are considered in a smooth domain $Ω\subset \mathbb{R}^{3}$ with no-normal-flow boundary conditions $\bu\cdot\bhn|_{\partialΩ} = 0$. It is shown that smooth solutions blow up in a finite time if a null (zero) point develops in the vector $\bB = \nabla q\times\nablaθ$, provided $\bB$ has no null points initially\,: $\bom = \mbox{curl}\,\bu$ is the vorticity and $q = \bom\cdot\nablaθ$ is a potential vorticity. The presence of the passive scalar concentration $θ$ is an essential component of this criterion in detecting the formation of a singularity. The problem is discussed in the light of a kinematic result by Graham and Henyey (2000) on the non-existence of Clebsch potentials in the neighbourhood of null points.
description: 5 pages, no figures
Conflict of laws rules in international arbitration – The “direct choice” approach
Creators: name: Meier, Till
Publisher: name: Studentische Zeitschrift für Rechtswissenschaft Heidelberg – Wissenschaft Online
Year: 2019

description: In diesem Beitrag wird die Bestimmung des anwendbaren Rechts durch Schiedsrichter behandelt. Zunächst werden die gängigen Ansätze vorgestellt. Sodann wird die Methode der „direct choice“ näher beleuchtet. Abschließend wird eine alternative Herangehensweise vorgeschlagen. This article addresses the arbitrators’ selection of the law applicable to the merits of the dispute. It presents the common methods and scrutinises the “direct choice” approach as the latest trend. Finally, an alternative approach to determine the substantive law is illustrated.
description: Studentische Zeitschrift für Rechtswissenschaft Heidelberg – Wissenschaft Online, Nr. 1 (2018): StudZR-WissOn
Teleportation-based collective attacks in Gaussian quantum key distribution
Creators: name: Tserkis, Spyros
name: Hosseinidehaj, Nedasadat
name: Walk, Nathan
name: Ralph, Timothy C.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum communication
subject: Quantum cryptography
subject: Quantum entanglement
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::530 Physik

description: In Gaussian quantum key distribution eavesdropping attacks are conventionally modeled through the universal entangling cloner scheme, which is based on the premise that the whole environment is under control of the adversary, i.e., the eavesdropper purifies the system. This assumption implies that the eavesdropper has either access to an identity (noiseless) channel or an infinite amount of entanglement in order to simulate such an identity channel. In this work we challenge the necessity of this assumption and we propose a teleportation-based eavesdropping attack, where the eavesdropper is not assumed to have access to the shared channel, that represents the unavoidable noise due to the environment. Under collective measurements, this attack reaches optimality in the limit of an infinite amount of entanglement, while for finite entanglement resources it outperforms the corresponding optimal individual attack. We also calculate the minimum amount of distributed entanglement that is necessary for this eavesdropping scheme, since we consider it as the operationally critical quantity capturing the limitations of a realistic attack. We conclude that the fact that an infinite amount of entanglement is required for an optimal collective eavesdropping attack signifies the robustness of Gaussian quantum key distribution.
TraceMyFish D4.2 - Risk & Status Assessment Models v2.0
Creators: name: Koukourikos, Antonis
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: The present report summarises the methodological approach for designing and building the TraceMyFish predictive models in the context of the TraceMyFish pilots. As the pilots covered different challenges faced across the three examined value chains, different models corresponding to the pilot analyses were trained and deployed. The structure and performance of all models are included in the report, along with some observations on their efficiency and generalization capacity, a critical aspect for deploying the models in realistic settings.
The models were further integrated in the TraceMyFish iFMS and are accessible via the relevant user-facing applications, as defined in the TraceMyFish iFMS architecture.
Thermal Giant Gravitons
Creators: name: Armas, Jay
name: Harmark, Troels
name: Obers, Niels A.
name: Orselli, Marta
name: Pedersen, Andreas Vigand
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the giant graviton solution as the AdS_5 X S^5 background is heated up to finite temperature. The analysis employs the thermal brane probe technique based on the blackfold approach. We focus mainly on the thermal giant graviton corresponding to a thermal D3-brane probe wrapped on an S^3 moving on the S^5 of the background at finite temperature. We find several interesting new effects, including that the thermal giant graviton has a minimal possible value for the angular momentum and correspondingly also a minimal possible radius of the S^3. We compute the free energy of the thermal giant graviton in the low temperature regime, which potentially could be compared to that of a thermal state on the gauge theory side. Moreover, we analyze the space of solutions and stability of the thermal giant graviton and find that, in parallel with the extremal case, there are two available solutions for a given temperature and angular momentum, one stable and one unstable. In order to write down the equations of motion, action and conserved charges for the thermal giant graviton we present a slight generalization of the blackfold formalism for charged black branes. Finally, we also briefly consider the thermal giant graviton moving in the AdS_5 part.
description: v1: 32 pages + 11 pages appendices, 13 figures, v2: typos fixed in Sec.2 and other misprints, references added
Benzene Adsorbed on Metals: Concerted Effect of Covalency and van der Waals Bonding
Creators: name: Liu, Wei
name: Carrasco, Javier
name: Santra, Biswajit
name: Michaelides, Angelos
name: Scheffler, Matthias
name: Tkatchenko, Alexandre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The adsorption of aromatic molecules on metal surfaces plays a key role in condensed matter physics and functional materials. Depending on the strength of the interaction between the molecule and the surface, the binding is typically classified as either physisorption or chemisorption. Van der Waals (vdW) interactions contribute significantly to the binding in physisorbed systems, but the role of the vdW energy in chemisorbed systems remains unclear. Here we study the interaction of benzene with the (111) surface of transition metals, ranging from weak adsorption (Ag and Au) to strong adsorption (Pt, Pd, Ir, and Rh). When vdW interactions are accurately accounted for, the barrier to adsorption predicted by standard density functional theory (DFT) calculations essentially vanishes, producing a metastable precursor state on Pt and Ir surfaces. Notably, vdW forces contribute more to the binding of covalently bonded benzene than they do when benzene is physisorbed. Comparison to experimental data demonstrates that some of the recently developed methods for including vdW interactions in DFT allow quantitative treatment of both weakly and strongly adsorbed aromatic molecules on metal surfaces, extending the already excellent performance found for gas-phase molecules.
Hadron-Resonance Gas at Freeze-out: Reminder on Importance of Repulsive Interactions
Creators: name: Begun, V. V.
name: Gaździcki, M.
name: Gorenstein, M. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An influence of the repulsive interactions on matter properties is considered within the excluded volume van der Waals hadron-resonance gas model. Quantitative results are presented for matter at the chemical freeze-out in central nucleus-nucleus collisions at relativistic energies. In particular, it is shown that repulsive interactions connected to non-zero size of created particles lead to a significant decrease of collision energy at which the net-baryon density has a maximum. A position of the transition point from baryon to meson dominated matter depends on the difference between baryon and meson hard-core radiuses.
Quantification of Local Electric Field Changes at the Active Site of Cytochrome c Oxidase by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroelectrochemical Titrations
Creators: name: Baserga, Federico
name: Dragelj, Jovan
name: Kozuch, Jacek
name: Mohrmann, Hendrik
name: Knapp, Ernst-Walter
name: Stripp, Sven T.
name: Heberle, Joachim
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: vibrational Stark effect
subject: carbon monoxide
subject: proton transfer
subject: electrostatic potential
subject: redox chemistry
subject: electron transfer
subject: infrared spectroscopy
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: Cytochrome c oxidase (CcO) is a transmembrane protein complex that reduces molecular oxygen to water while translocating protons across the mitochondrial membrane. Changes in the redox states of its cofactors trigger both O2 reduction and vectorial proton transfer, which includes a proton-loading site, yet unidentified. In this work, we exploited carbon monoxide (CO) as a vibrational Stark effect (VSE) probe at the binuclear center of CcO from Rhodobacter sphaeroides. The CO stretching frequency was monitored as a function of the electrical potential, using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) absorption spectroelectrochemistry. We observed three different redox states (R4CO, R2CO, and O), determined their midpoint potential, and compared the resulting electric field to electrostatic calculations. A change in the local electric field strength of +2.9 MV/cm was derived, which was induced by the redox transition from R4CO to R2CO. We performed potential jump experiments to accumulate the R2CO and R4CO species and studied the FTIR difference spectra in the protein fingerprint region. The comparison of the experimental and computational results reveals that the key glutamic acid residue E286 is protonated in the observed states, and that its hydrogen-bonding environment is disturbed upon the redox transition of heme a3. Our experiments also suggest propionate A of heme a3 changing its protonation state in concert with the redox state of a second cofactor, heme a. This supports the role of propionic acid side chains as part of the proton-loading site.
Humanökologie der Krisen: Systemische Annäherungen an COVID-19
Creators: name: Tretter, Felix
name: Reichel, Christian
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Covid-19
subject: Krisenmanagement
subject: menschliches ökologisches Netzwerkmodell
subject: multifaktorielles Modell
subject: Systemdynamik
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::320 Politikwissenschaft::320 Politikwissenschaft

description: Die COVID-19-Pandemie perturbiert alle gesellschaftlichen Sektoren und führt eindrücklich vor Augen, dass sie miteinander verwoben sind. Dieser Prozess lässt sich gut als Verhältnis von Resilienz und Vulnerabilität der Teilsysteme begreifen. Aus aktuellen human ökologischen Diskursen mit systemtheoretischem Fokus leiten wir zwei Rahmenmodel le zum Struktur- und Prozessverständnis der Pandemie und ihrer Effekte ab und stellen sie hier zur Diskussion.
Ortalidina smithi Cogan, comb. nov.
Creators: name: Gaimari, Stephen D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Chamaemyiidae
Ortalidina
Ortalidina smithi

description: Ortalidina smithi (Cogan), comb. nov.
 Toropamecia smithi Cogan 1978: 234. Brazil. Nova Teutonia. HT 3 (Fig. 26), BMNH.
description: Published as part of Gaimari, Stephen D., 2012, A new genus and species of Chamaemyiidae (Diptera: Lauxanioidea) from South America feeding on Ceroplastes wax scales (Hemiptera: Coccidae), and status of the genus Ortalidina as a chamaemyiid, pp. 39-50 in Zootaxa 3342 on page 49, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.211348
Crowd-Sourcing a Way to Sustainable Urban Logistics: What Factors Influence Enterprises’ Willingness to Implement Crowd Logistics?
Creators: name: Bin, Hou
name: Zhao, Feng
name: Xie, Guojie
name: Huang, Lijuan
name: Wang, Huanfang
name: Zhu, Ruidong
name: Jiang, Li
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Logistics
subject: Absorption
subject: Licenses
subject: Crowdsourcing
subject: Business
subject: Companies
subject: Government
subject: Crowd logistics
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::330 Wirtschaft::330 Wirtschaft

description: The sharing economy has brought new opportunities to the logistics industry, which has created an emerging trend known as crowd logistics. Implementing this mode offers a basis for more sustainable urban logistics, but there is limited research on what leads enterprises to adopt crowd logistics. Based on the technology-organization-environment (TOE) theoretical model, this paper developed a model to study the influencing factors of enterprises' willingness to implement crowd logistics. The data were collected through questionnaire surveys, SPSS and AMOS were used for data analysis. The empirical results showed that the relative advantage, absorptive capacity, market environment, and external motivations have significant positive impact on the company's willingness to implement crowd logistics, while complexity and resources have no significant impact. Crowd logistics offers an important route to more sustainable urban logistics. Logistics enterprises should take measured steps when implementing crowd logistics, improve their absorptive capacity, and take necessary precautions towards minimizing the risks of crowd logistics.
Harnessing symmetry-protected topological order for quantum memories
Creators: name: Goihl, Marcel
name: Walk, Nathan
name: Eisert, Jens
name: Tarantino, Nicolas
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum memories
subject: Symmetry protected topological states
subject: Topological quantum computing
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::530 Physik

description: Spin chains with symmetry-protected edge modes are promising candidates to realize intrinsically robust physical qubits that can be used for the storage and processing of quantum information. In any experimental realization of such physical systems, weak perturbations in the form of induced interactions and disorder are unavoidable and can be detrimental to the stored information. At the same time, the latter may in fact be beneficial; for instance, by deliberately inducing disorder which causes the system to localize. We explore the potential of using an XZX cluster Hamiltonian to encode quantum information into the local edge modes and comprehensively investigate the influence of both many-body interactions and disorder on their stability over time, adding substance to the narrative that many-body localization may stabilize quantum information. We recover the edge state at each time step, allowing us to reconstruct the quantum channel that captures the locally constrained out-of-equilibrium time evolution. With this representation in hand, we analyze how well classical and quantum information are preserved over time as a function of disorder and interactions. We find that the performance of the edge qubits varies dramatically between disorder realizations. Whereas some show a smooth decoherence over time, a sizable fraction is rapidly rendered unusable as memories. We also find that the stability of the classical information-a precursor for the usefulness of the chain as a quantum memory-depends strongly on the direction in which the bit is encoded. When employing the chain as a genuine quantum memory, encoded qubits are most faithfully recovered for low interaction and high disorder.
Kleine Museumsnachrichten
Creators: name: Arens, Fritz
Publisher: name: Kunstchronik. Monatsschrift für Kunstwissenschaft, Museumswesen und Denkmalpflege
Year: 2019

description: Kunstchronik. Monatsschrift für Kunstwissenschaft, Museumswesen und Denkmalpflege, Bd. 3 Nr. 2 (1950): Kunstchronik. Monatsschrift für Kunstwissenschaft, Museumswesen und Denkmalpflege
Development of Social Innovations in Russia in Terms of Activities and Interaction of Government Bodies, Business Structures, and Civil Society
Creators: name: Mierau, Julia N.
name: Soloveva, Tatiana S.
name: Popov, Andrei V.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: social innovations
subject: intersectoral interaction
subject: civil society
subject: social entrepreneurship
subject: social policy
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::300 Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie::303 Gesellschaftliche Prozesse

description: Due to growing global socio-economic and environmental challenges (population ageing, climate change, society polarization, etc.), there is a revaluation of a position and role of innovations in overcoming threats to social development in the modern world. Researchers note a shift in the innovation paradigm toward social innovation, since it is assumed that it is not possible to achieve a drastic improvement of the situation solely through technological innovations. At the same time, many existing problems cannot be solved with efforts of a single actor - intersectoral cooperation becomes a necessity. This aspect is of key importance for development of social innovation. The purpose of the study was to analyze development of social innovations in the Russian Federation based on an actor approach, which involves an overview of this phenomenon through the prism of activities of various entities and their interaction. General scientific methods were used in the study: discourse analysis, generalization, comparison, etc. Essential foundations and the role of social innovations in solving current society's problems are presented. Using the example of government structures, big business, and civil society, the authors explore the features of social innovation development in Russia. It is shown that development of social innovations depends on their interpretation in public discourse, involvement in strategies of various actors, and intersectoral cooperation in the innovation process. In conclusion, the prospects for development of studied phenomenon are determined within identified trends and the specifics of interconnections between designated actors. The results obtained may be used not only as an empirical basis for further research, but they may also represent practical significance in development of specific management decisions in this area.
Ortalidina veenota Cogan, comb. nov.
Creators: name: Gaimari, Stephen D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Chamaemyiidae
Ortalidina
Ortalidina veenota

description: Ortalidina veenota (Cogan), comb. nov.
 Toropamecia veenota Cogan 1978: 233. Argentina. 15 km S Jujuy. HT 3 (Fig. 27), CNC.
description: Published as part of Gaimari, Stephen D., 2012, A new genus and species of Chamaemyiidae (Diptera: Lauxanioidea) from South America feeding on Ceroplastes wax scales (Hemiptera: Coccidae), and status of the genus Ortalidina as a chamaemyiid, pp. 39-50 in Zootaxa 3342 on page 49, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.211348