cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Wavelet-based multifractal analysis of laser biopsy imagery
Creators: name: Jagtap, Jaidip
name: Ghosh, Sayantan
name: Panigrahi, Prasanta K.
name: Pradhan, Asima
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: Tissues and Organs (q-bio.TO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: In this work, we report a wavelet based multi-fractal study of images of dysplastic and neoplastic HE- stained human cervical tissues captured in the transmission mode when illuminated by a laser light (He-Ne 632.8nm laser). It is well known that the morphological changes occurring during the progression of diseases like cancer manifest in their optical properties which can be probed for differentiating the various stages of cancer. Here, we use the multi-resolution properties of the wavelet transform to analyze the optical changes. For this, we have used a novel laser imagery technique which provides us with a composite image of the absorption by the different cellular organelles. As the disease progresses, due to the growth of new cells, the ratio of the organelle to cellular volume changes manifesting in the laser imagery of such tissues. In order to develop a metric that can quantify the changes in such systems, we make use of the wavelet-based fluctuation analysis. The changing self- similarity during disease progression can be well characterized by the Hurst exponent and the scaling exponent. Due to the use of the Daubechies' family of wavelet kernels, we can extract polynomial trends of different orders, which help us characterize the underlying processes effectively. In this study, we observe that the Hurst exponent decreases as the cancer progresses. This measure could be relatively used to differentiate between different stages of cancer which could lead to the development of a novel non-invasive method for cancer detection and characterization.
description: 9 pages, 11 figures, 1 table, to appear in the Proceedings of SPIE Photonics West, BiOS 2012
Myth Matters: Intelligent Imagination in Plato's Phaedo and Phaedrus
Creators: name: Kotow, Emily Claire
Publisher: name: Arts
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Education--Religious
subject: Language--Ancient
subject: Literature--Classical
subject: Religion

description: This thesis examines the function of myth in Plato’s Phaedo and Phaedrus. Focusing on the afterlife of Phaedo, and the palinode of Phaedrus, I assert that Plato emphasizes the limits of understanding, and as a consequence, the need for intelligent imagination. Ultimately, myth serves to underscore the essential philosophical project of cultivating self-knowledge and therefore is an integral part of Plato’s philosophical project.
Oscillatory dynamics in nanocavities with noninstantaneous Kerr response
Creators: name: Armaroli, Andrea
name: Malaguti, Stefania
name: Bellanca, Gaetano
name: Trillo, Stefano
name: de Rossi, Alfredo
name: Combrié, Sylvain
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the impact of a finite response time of Kerr nonlinearities over the onset of spontaneous oscillations (self-pulsing) occurring in a nanocavity. The complete characterization of the underlying Hopf bifurcation in the full parameter space allows us to show the existence of a critical value of the response time and to envisage different regimes of competition with bistability. The transition from a stable oscillatory state to chaos is found to occur only in cavities which are detuned far off-resonance, which turns out to be mutually exclusive with the region where the cavity can operate as a bistable switch.
Disordered eating attitudes and Orthorexia Nervosa in Canadian elite athlete populations
Creators: name: Ens, Georgia
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Disordered Eating Attitudes
subject: Elite Athletes
subject: Orthorexia Nervosa
subject: Mental Health

description: Background: Disordered eating attitudes (DEAs) refer to a continuum of abnormal feeding and eating behaviours (Sundgot-Borgen & Torstviet, 2010). The prevalence of DEAs in elite athletes is greater than that of non-athletes, due in part to sport performance demands. A newly recognized DEA, orthorexia nervosa (ON), may reflect the eating behaviours of some elite athletes (Haman, Barker-Ruchti, Patriksson, & Lindgren, 2015). Objective: The research aims to determine the prevalence of DEAs and ON in Canadian elite athlete populations. In addition, an exploratory factor analysis was performed to understand the validity of the ORTO-15. Methods: 72 male and female athletes were recruited from Canadian Sport Institutes and National Sport Organizations. A demographic survey and two questionnaires, the EAT-26 and the ORTO-15, were completed online via SimpleSurvey. Results: The study found the prevalence of DEAs and ON to be 13.9% and 75% respectively. Conclusion: The prevalence of DEAs and ON in the study is considerably high. Findings can be presented to key stakeholders to educate them on the topic. Developing prevention and treatment protocol for DEAs and ON will contribute to the health and performance of Canada’s elite athletes.
Glueball masses and Regge trajectories for the QCD-inspired potential
Creators: name: Sergeenko, M. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bound state of two massive constituent gluons is studied in the potential approach. Relativistic quasi-classical wave equation with the QCD-inspired scalar potential is solved by the quasi-classical method in the complex plane. Glueball masses are calculated with the help of the universal mass formula. The hadron Regge trajectories are given by the complex non-linear function in the whole region of the invariant variable $t$. The Chew-Frautschi plot of the leading glueball trajectory, $α_P(t)$, has the properties of the t-channel Pomeron, which is dual to the glueball states in the s channel. The imaginary part of the Pomeron is also calculated.
description: 21 pages, 3 figures. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1107.1671, and with arXiv:hep-ph/0406153, arXiv:0810.4453 by other authors
Nearby Threats: Reversing, Analyzing, and Attacking Google's 'Nearby Connections' on Android
Creators: name: Antonioli, Daniele
name: Tippenhauer, Nils Ole
name: Rasmussen, Kasper
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2023

description: Google’s Nearby Connections API enables any An-droid (and Android Things) application to provide proximity-based services to its users, regardless of their network connectivity.The API uses Bluetooth BR/EDR, Bluetooth LE and Wi-Fi to let“nearby” clients (discoverers) and servers (advertisers) connectand exchange different types of payloads. The implementation ofthe API is proprietary, closed-source and obfuscated. The updatesof the API are automatically installed by Google across differentversions of Android, without user interaction. Little is knownpublicly about the security guarantees offered by the API, eventhough it presents a significant attack surface.In this work we present the first security analysis of theGoogle’s Nearby Connections API, based on reverse-engineeringof its Android implementation. We discover and implement sev-eral attacks grouped into two families: connection manipulation(CMA) and range extension attacks (REA). CMA-attacks allow anattacker to insert himself as a man-in-the-middle and manipulateconnections (even unrelated to nearby), and to tamper withthe victim’s interface and network configuration. REA-attacksallow an attacker to tunnel any nearby connection to remotelocations, even between two honest devices. Our attacks areenabled by REArby, a toolkit we developed while reversingthe API implementation. REArby includes a dynamic binaryinstrumenter, a packet dissector, and the implementations ofcustom Nearby Connections client and server. We plan to open-source REArby after a responsible disclosure period.
MBeacon: Privacy-Preserving Beacons for DNA Methylation Data
Creators: name: Hagestedt, Inken
name: Zhang, Yang
name: Humbert, Mathias
name: Berrang, Pascal
name: Haixu, Tang
name: XiaoFeng, Wang
name: Backes, Michael
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2023

description: The advancement of molecular profiling techniques fuels biomedical research with a deluge of data. To facilitate data sharing, the Global Alliance for Genomics and Health established the Beacon system, a search engine designed to help researchers find datasets of interest. While the current Beacon system only supports genomic data, other types of biomedical data, such as DNA methylation, are also essential for advancing our understanding in the field. In this paper, we propose the first Beacon system for DNA methylation data sharing: MBeacon. As the current genomic Beacon is vulnerable to privacy attacks, such as membership inference, and DNA methylation data is highly sensitive, we take a privacy-by-design approach to construct MBeacon. First, we demonstrate the privacy threat, by proposing a membership inference attack tailored specifically to unprotected methylation Beacons. Our experimental results show that 100 queries are sufficient to achieve a successful attack with AUC (area under the ROC curve) above 0.9. To remedy this situation, we propose a novel differential privacy mechanism, namely SVT2 , which is the core component of MBeacon. Extensive experiments over multiple datasets show that SVT2 can successfully mitigate membership privacy risks without significantly harming utility. We further implement a fully functional prototype of MBeacon which we make available to the research community
Fractal space-times under the microscope: A Renormalization Group view on Monte Carlo data
Creators: name: Reuter, Martin
name: Saueressig, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The emergence of fractal features in the microscopic structure of space-time is a common theme in many approaches to quantum gravity. In this work we carry out a detailed renormalization group study of the spectral dimension $d_s$ and walk dimension $d_w$ associated with the effective space-times of asymptotically safe Quantum Einstein Gravity (QEG). We discover three scaling regimes where these generalized dimensions are approximately constant for an extended range of length scales: a classical regime where $d_s = d, d_w = 2$, a semi-classical regime where $d_s = 2d/(2+d), d_w = 2+d$, and the UV-fixed point regime where $d_s = d/2, d_w = 4$. On the length scales covered by three-dimensional Monte Carlo simulations, the resulting spectral dimension is shown to be in very good agreement with the data. This comparison also provides a natural explanation for the apparent puzzle between the short distance behavior of the spectral dimension reported from Causal Dynamical Triangulations (CDT), Euclidean Dynamical Triangulations (EDT), and Asymptotic Safety.
description: 26 pages, 6 figures
Gender Disparities in NSCLC: A Systematic Review
Creators: name: Alsaadoun, Noor Asaad
Publisher: name: Cumming School of Medicine
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biophysics--Medical
subject: Epidemiology
subject: Engineering--Biomedical

description: Lung cancer is the second most common malignancy in both men and women. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) represents 80-85% of cases while the remaining 15 – 20% are small cell lung cancer. Lung cancer incidence in men has steadily decreased since the mid-1980s while it has increased in women. The sex differences in smoking behavior in the last two decades partly account for this incidence pattern. Interestingly, epidemiological evidence suggests that sex alone impacts most facets of lung cancer including the incidence, susceptibility, severity, and molecular basis of the disease; however, there is lack of consensus on the etiology of the gender-based differences as well its magnitude. Therefore, we conducted an evidence-based research of the literature to identify and describe sex-associated characteristics among non-small cell lung cancer patients. We identified all potentially relevant articles published in English by searching Medline between 1996 and 2016, worldwide. Using a systematic review protocol, all abstracts were reviewed for eligibility, and relevant studies meeting inclusion criteria were retained. We included all studies on NSCLC and its main subtypes for both men and women of age over 45. Pooled data was analyzed using a semi-parametric longitudinal regression model and an ANOVA two-way test. A data-visualization tool was used to demonstrate NSCLC incidence distribution and its sex-based disparities around the world. Our data found sex-based disparities in NSCLC incidence rates, and a possible increase in female’s risk of acquiring this disease. In addition, data reveal that both race and sex have a significant effect on NSCLC incidence rates and these trends changed with time. Our findings also illustrate that global trends are not always reflective of regional ones. Results also confirms that adenocarcinoma in women is the most commonly diagnosed histology regardless of their race; however, data indicate that Asians are the dominant race to express adenocarcinomas in their lungs. The objective of this systematic literature review is to more precisely describe this gender disparity among NSCLC patients worldwide and summarize current opinions about the molecular basis for these observations. Our findings serve as a basis to begin to resolve the inherent controversies in the research, and highlight the importance of the inclusion of sex as a risk modifier in the development of screening initiatives and therapies in NSCLC.
Observable QPOs produced by steep pulse profiles in Magnetar Flares
Creators: name: D'Angelo, Caroline R.
name: Watts, Anna L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Strong quasi-periodic oscillations in the tails of the giant gamma-ray flares seen in SGR 1806-20 and SGR 1900+14 are thought to be produced by starquakes in the flaring magnetar. However, the large fractional amplitudes (up to ~20%) observed are difficult to reconcile with predicted amplitudes of starquakes. Here we demonstrate that the steeply pulsed emission profile in the tail of the giant flare can enhance the observed amplitude of the underlying oscillation, analogously to a beam of light oscillating in and out of the line of sight. This mechanism will also broaden the feature in the power spectrum and introduce power at harmonics of the oscillation. The observed strength of the oscillation depends on the amplitude of the underlying starquake, the orientation and location of the emission on the surface of the star, and the gradient of the light curve profile. While the amplification of the signal can be significant, we demonstrate that even with uncertainties in the emission geometry, this effect is not sufficient to produce the observed QPOs. This result excludes the direct observation of a starquake, and suggests that the observed variations come from modulations in the intensity of the emission.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, accepted by ApJL
Eletroweak Form Factors in the Light-Front for Spin-1 Particles
Creators: name: de Melo, J. P. B. C.
name: Frederico, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The contribution of the light-front valence wave function to the electromagnetic current of spin-1 composite particles is not enough to warranty the proper transformation of the current under rotations. The naive derivation of the plus component of the current in the Drell-Yan-West frame within an analytical and covariant model of the vertex leads to the violation of the rotational symmetry. Computing the form-factors in a quasi Drell-Yan-West frame $q^+\rightarrow 0$, we were able to separate out in an analytical form the contributions from Z-diagrams or zero modes using the instant-form cartesian polarization basis.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures. Contribution to the Proceedings of "Applications of light-cone coordinates to highly relativistic systems - LIGHTCONE 2011," 23-27 May, 2011, Dallas. To appear in Few Body Systems
ML-Leaks: Model and Data Independent Membership Inference Attacks and Defenses on Machine Learning Models
Creators: name: Salem, Ahmed
name: Zhang, Yang
name: Humbert, Mathias
name: Berrang, Pascal
name: Fritz, Mario
name: Backes, Michael
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2023

description: Machine learning (ML) has become a core component of many real-world applications and training data is a key factor that drives current progress. This huge success has led Internet companies to deploy machine learning as a service (MLaaS). Recently, the first membership inference attack has shown that extraction of information on the training set is possible in such MLaaS settings, which has severe security and privacy implications. However, the early demonstrations of the feasibility of such attacks have many assumptions on the adversary, such as using multiple so-called shadow models, knowledge of the target model structure, and having a dataset from the same distribution as the target model's training data. We relax all these key assumptions, thereby showing that such attacks are very broadly applicable at low cost and thereby pose a more severe risk than previously thought. We present the most comprehensive study so far on this emerging and developing threat using eight diverse datasets which show the viability of the proposed attacks across domains. In addition, we propose the first effective defense mechanisms against such broader class of membership inference attacks that maintain a high level of utility of the ML model.
Fock model and Segal-Bargmann transform for minimal representations of Hermitian Lie groups
Creators: name: Hilgert, Joachim
name: Kobayashi, Toshiyuki
name: Möllers, Jan
name: Ørsted, Bent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 22E45 (Primary) 17C30, 30H20, 44A15, 46E22 (Secondary)

description: For any Hermitian Lie group G of tube type we construct a Fock model of its minimal representation. The Fock space is defined on the minimal nilpotent K_C-orbit X in p_C and the L^2-inner product involves a K-Bessel function as density. Here K is a maximal compact subgroup of G, and g_C=k_C+p_C is a complexified Cartan decomposition. In this realization the space of k-finite vectors consists of holomorphic polynomials on X. The reproducing kernel of the Fock space is calculated explicitly in terms of an I-Bessel function. We further find an explicit formula of a generalized Segal-Bargmann transform which intertwines the Schroedinger and Fock model. Its kernel involves the same I-Bessel function. Using the Segal--Bargmann transform we also determine the integral kernel of the unitary inversion operator in the Schroedinger model which is given by a J-Bessel function.
description: 77pages
Geo-locating Drivers: A Study of Sensitive Data Leakage in Ride-Hailing Services.
Creators: name: Zhao, Qingchuan
name: Zuo, Chaoshun
name: Pellegrino, Giancarlo
name: Zhiqiang, Li
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2023

description: Increasingly, mobile application-based ride-hailing services have become a very popular means of transportation. Due to the handling of business logic, these services also contain a wealth of privacy-sensitive information such as GPS locations, car plates, driver licenses, and payment data. Unlike many of the mobile applications in which there is only one type of users, ride-hailing services face two types of users: riders and drivers. While most of the efforts had focused on the rider’s privacy, unfortunately, we notice little has been done to protect drivers. To raise the awareness of the privacy issues with drivers, in this paper we perform the first systematic study of the drivers’ sensitive data leakage in ride-hailing services. More specifically, we select 20 popular ride-hailing apps including Uber and Lyft and focus on one particular feature, namely the nearby cars feature. Surprisingly, our experimental results show that largescale data harvesting of drivers is possible for all of the ridehailing services we studied. In particular, attackers can determine with high-precision the driver’s privacy-sensitive information including mostly visited address (e.g., home) and daily driving behaviors. Meanwhile, attackers can also infer sensitive information about the business operations and performances of ride-hailing services such as the number of rides, utilization of cars, and presence on the territory. In addition to presenting the attacks, we also shed light on the countermeasures the service providers could take to protect the driver’s sensitive information.
Investigations on the possible hormonal basis for genetically superior growth capacity in two conifers, pinus radiata and pinus contorta
Creators: name: Zhang, Ruichuan
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 1990
Subjects: subject: Pinus radiata
subject: Lodgepole pine
subject: Gibberellins - Physiological effect

description: Bibliography: p. 108-117.
Partial decoherence in mesoscopic systems
Creators: name: Aharony, Amnon
name: Gurvitz, Shmuel
name: Tokura, Yasuhiro
name: Entin-Wohlmna, Ora
name: Dattagupta, Sushanta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The coupling of a mesoscopic system with its environment usually causes total decoherence: at long times the reduced density matrix of the system evolves in time to a limit which is independent of its initial value, losing all the quantum information stored in its initial state. Under special circumstances, a subspace of the system's Hilbert space remains coherent, or "decoherence free", and the reduced density matrix approaches a non-trivial limit which contains information on its initial quantum state, despite the coupling to the environment. This situation is called "partial decoherence". Here we find the conditions for partial decoherence for a mesoscopic system (with $N$ quantum states) which is coupled to an environment. When the Hamiltonian of the system commutes with the total Hamiltonian, one has "adiabatic decoherence", which yields N-1 time-independent combinations of the reduced density matrix elements. In the presence of a magnetic flux, one can measure circulating currents around loops in the system even at long times, and use them to retrieve information on the initial state. For N=2, we demonstrate that partial decoherence can happen only under adiabatic decoherence conditions. However, for $N>2$ we find partial decoherence even when the Hamiltonian of the system does not commute with the total Hamiltonian, and we obtain the general conditions for such non-adiabatic partial decoherence. For an electron moving on a ring, with $N>2$ single-level quantum dots, non-adiabatic partial decoherence can arise only when the total flux through the ring vanishes (or equals an integer number of flux quanta), and therefore there is no asymptotic circulating current.
description: To appear in the Proceedings of FQMT11 (Prague) - Physica Scripta
title: PMKNS for PIE
title: Parsed Morphological KATR Networks of Sanskrit for Proto-Indo-European
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: McDonald, Ryan Mark
Publisher: name: University of Kentucky Libraries
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Linguistics
subject: FOS: Languages and literature

description: In this thesis, I construct two computational networks for Sanskrit to test theories of nominal accentuation as a way of examining the simplicity of each theory. I will be examining the Paradigmatic Approach and the Compositional Approach to nominal accentuation. For the Paradigmatic Approach, nominals are categorized into mobile and static categories based on how the accent appears in the paradigm (Fortson 2010). For the Compositional Approach, accent mobility is a result of the combination of morphemes and their inherent accent states (Kirparsky 2010). To construct these networks, I use the KATR extension to the DATR language for lexical knowledge representation (Finkel et al. 2002).

In Chapter 1, I give an overview of Proto-Indo-European (PIE) accentuation and KATR. Chapter 2 presents my methods and connects the hypothetical nature of PIE to the well-documented Indo-European (IE) language Sanskrit. In Chapters 3 and 4, I use a guided derivation of a Sanskrit r-stem nominal pitr̥- and a Sanskrit a-stem nominal sukha- to walk us through each step. Chapter 5 is an analysis of my results for the two networks from chapters 3 and 4 and then the overall conclusions I have drawn from the project and suggests further areas of expansion.
description: © 2020 Ryan Mark McDonald
The Challenge of Proving Vapor Phase Burning in Porous Media in an In Situ Combustion Heavy Oil Recovery Process Based on Laboratory Modeling
Creators: name: Feizabadi, Seyed Ebrahim
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Education--Technology
subject: Engineering
subject: Engineering--Chemical
subject: Engineering--Petroleum
subject: Vapor phase combustion
subject: In situ combustion
subject: Kinetics

description: In this study, vapor phase combustion in porous media has been investigated and proved based on the new reactor design. Vapor phase combustion is an important concept which is lacking in kinetic models for the majority of in situ combustion simulations described in the literature. Proof of vapor burn development in porous media will significantly improve the chemical reaction models. This concept may enable the thermal simulators to accurately predict the performance of both field scale and laboratory designs for an in situ combustion recovery process. Also, the more accurate modeling techniques may aid to enhance the decision-making process for reservoir development scenarios associated with air injection processes.
Long wave runup on random beaches
Creators: name: Dutykh, Denys
name: Labart, Céline
name: Mitsotakis, Dimitrios
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The estimation of the maximum wave sunup height is a problem of practical importance. Most of the analytical and numerical studies are limited to a constant slope plain shore and to the classical Nonlinear Shallow Water (NSW) equations. However, in nature the shore is characterized by some roughness. In order to take into account the effects of the bottom rugosity various ad-hoc friction terms are usually used. In this paper we study the effect of the roughness of the bottom on the maximum runup height. A stochastic model is proposed to describe the bottom irregularity and its effect is quantified using Monte-Carlo simulations. For the discretization of the NSW equations we employ modern finite volume schemes. Moreover, the results of the random bottom model are compared with the more conventional approaches.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures, 1 table. Other author's papers can be downloaded at http://www.lama.univ-savoie.fr/~dutykh/
Agroecological Practices Used in Scottish Farming: Evidence from a Survey of Farming Businesses
Creators: name: Thompson, B.
name: Toma, L.
name: Ferreira, J.
name: Shrestha, S.
name: Barnes, A.P.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Agroecology; LIFT; Scotland

description: The Scottish Government’s ambition to address climate and biodiversity emergencies require urgent decisions to be made on replacement agricultural policies, following the UK’s withdrawal from the EU. Agroecology is one nature-based farming approach which, if adopted widely in Scotland, may enable farms to contribute to both these climate and biodiversity targets. To know how best to support the adoption of agroecological practices we must first understand the current level of use.
 This briefing note outlines the results of a survey of Scottish farmers on agroecological practices. It is part of an EU Horizon 2020 project so compares Scottish adoption with a concurrent sample of EU farmers. It highlights which practices Scottish farmers promote within their farming systems and where there is scope to do more relative to their EU counterparts. This allows us to understand the potential for a transition to a more agroecological system and start to identify barriers and opportunities for adoption of these approaches in Scottish farming.
 We find that Scottish livestock farms lag behind their EU counterparts in our sample in terms of overall adoption of agroecological practices. Only in relation to stocking density criteria did Scottish farms outperform their EU counterparts. On the other hand, the overall adoption of agroecological practices on Scottish crop farms is in line with EU counterparts. In fact, their adoption of agroecological tillage, fertilisation, pest and weed management practices is slightly ahead of the EU in our sample. The uptake of integrated weed management practices was particularly high in the Scottish farms surveyed. Areas for improvement include increasing plant diversity and rotation as well as cover cropping.
 Overall, we see several opportunities for Scottish livestock farmers to adopt agroecological practices that could help contribute to climate and biodiversity goals if they are properly supported. These are opportunities that appear to have been taken by EU counterparts and could be promising quick wins for Scotland. We also see that Scottish crop farmers have been successful in adopting several agroecological approaches. There is an opportunity here to learn what has driven adoption in this group and how learning can be transferred to the livestock sector.
Invariants, Projection Operators and $SU(N)\times SU(N)$ Irreducible Schwinger Bosons
Creators: name: Mathur, Manu
name: Raychowdhury, Indrakshi
name: Sreeraj, T P
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We exploit SU(N) Schwinger bosons to construct and analyze the coupled irreducible representations of $SU(N) \times SU(N)$ in terms of the invariant group. The corresponding projection operators are constructed in terms of the invariant group generators. We also construct $SU(N) \times SU(N)$ irreducible Schwinger bosons which directly create these coupled irreducible states. The SU(N) Clebsch Gordan coefficients are computed as the matrix elements of the projection operators.
description: 24 pages, 2 figures
Additional file 2 of Enhanced rare disease mapping for phenome-wide genetic association in the UK Biobank
Creators: name: Patrick, Matthew T.
name: Bardhi, Redina
name: Zhou, Wei
name: Elder, James T.
name: Gudjonsson, Johann E.
name: Tsoi, Lam C.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2: Figure S1: Rare disease mapping and frequency of rare disease categories. Figure S2: Hexagon/scatter plot showing the mean age at recruitment and proportion of males for the diseases in each category. Figure S3: Sex of individuals with different groups of rare disease, grouped by age. Figure S4: Box/scatter plot of comorbidities for rare diseases, grouped by age. Figure S5: Heatmap showing the enrichment of comorbidities for individuals with specific groups of rare diseases compared to the full set of individuals with any rare disease. The colors represent odds ratios (OR) from Fisher exact tests, while asterisks indicate enrichments with significant p-values (after Bonferroni correction). Figure S6: Heatmap comparing the enrichment of comorbidities for individuals with specific groups of rare diseases with those from a previous study on comorbidities for individuals with common diseases1. The colors represent differences in odds ratios (OR) from Fisher exact tests. Figure S7: Heatmap showing the enrichment of complex disease comorbidities for individuals with 15 specific rare diseases included in the list of Mendelian diseases from a previous paper2. The colors represent log10 odds ratios (OR) from Fisher exact tests, while asterisks indicate enrichments with significant p-values (after Bonferroni correction). Figure S8: Histogram showing the number of ICD-10 codes mapping to different numbers of ORPHA codes in the original Orphanet mapping (in grey) as well as the number of these codes for which we were able to identify a single ORPHA code, such that individuals with the ICD-10 code should be expected to have the rare disease indicated by the ORPHA code. Some ICD-10 codes originally mapped to a large number of ORPHA codes, but across each of the bins, we were able to identify an appropriate single ORPHA code for a large proportion of ICD-10 codes, through our consensus mapping approach. Table S3: Comparing prevalence of in the UK Biobank and Optum. Table S6: Significant gene-level associations (Bonferroni adjustment). Table S9: Significant associations with loss of function variants (Bonferroni adjustment). Table S10: Shared variants between significantly comorbid rare diseases. Supplementary Note: Improvement in mapping through our consensus approach.
Blue-Action: UNDERSTANDING THE IMPACT OF A CHANGING ARCTIC ON NORTHERN HEMISPHERE WEATHER AND CLIMATE
Creators: name: Olsen, Steffen
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: This presentation was given on the 28 Jan 2019 at the APPLICATE annual meeting 2019, in Reading (UK)
description: "Blue-Action: Arctic Impact on Weather and Climate" contributes to the implementation of the Trans-Atlantic Ocean Research Alliance, the EU's Blue Growth Agenda , the Galway and the Belem Statements and the achievement of the SDG 8,9,13. Blue-Action is funded by the EU Horizon 2020 Programme Opens external link in new windowBue Growth BG10-2016 call. Website: www.blue-action.eu The Blue-Action project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 727852
Block magnetism coupled with local distortion in the iron-based spin-ladder compound BaFe2Se3
Creators: name: Nambu, Yusuke
name: Ohgushi, Kenya
name: Suzuki, Shunpei
name: Du, Fei
name: Avdeev, Maxim
name: Uwatoko, Yoshiya
name: Munakata, Koji
name: Fukazawa, Hiroshi
name: Chi, Songxue
name: Ueda, Yutaka
name: Sato, Taku J
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetism in the insulating BaFe$_2$Se$_3$ was examined through susceptibility, specific heat, resistivity and neutron diffraction measurements. After formation of a short-range magnetic correlation, a long-range ordering was observed below $T_{\rm N}\sim 255$ K. The transition is obscured by bulk properties. Magnetic moments ($\parallel a$) are arranged to form a Fe$_4$ ferromagnetic unit, and each Fe$_4$ stacks antiferromagnetically. This block magnetism is of the third type among magnetic structures of ferrous materials. The magnetic ordering drives unusually large distortion via magnetoelastic coupling.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
The construction of norms of linguistic politeness : valorizations of Korean honorification in language how-to manuals
Creators: name: Kim, Eun Seon
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2018

description: This thesis aims to examine metapragmatic discourses on linguistic politeness illustrated in Korean language how-to literature. The primary task lies in contextualizing the native awareness of ene yeycel (linguistic politeness in Korean) within the interests or values of certain social groups. The first group, South Korean government-sanctioned agencies, led a linguistic campaign promoting a new standard speech model in 1992. Language professionals, the second group of social actors, produced popular language how-to literature, especially after the establishment of the hegemonic standard speech model. Both language standardizing policy and the participants in the how-to industry represent the cultural process of constructing language and social conventions. The “normative” culture of ene yeycel can be empowered and widely circulated, gaining wider social practice. Standardization of honorification came to the surface as a public issue along with a new “cultural policy” of the Ministry of Cultural Affairs in 1990. In this cultural-political circumstance, the social meaning of standardized honorification was rediscovered as indigenous culture, a group identity shared by Korean speakers. Positively valorizing honorification as linguistic and cultural tradition, the standardized model preserves the sophisticated use of honorifics and reinforces superior-inferior relationships. However, the standard model of ene yeycel can be subjective and arbitrary. Moreover, different styles are too easily proscribed as errors made by sloppy speakers. Language how-to literature produces more diversified interpretations than the standard speech manual. As language users are confronted with the challenges of finding the proper level of honorification, language how-to manuals provide justifications to help speakers prioritize linguistic norms when internalizing social relationships. Positive valorizations of honorification derive from a speaker's respect for the interlocutor's social status or personality. Negative valorizations of honorification view deferential politeness as a kind of discriminatory behaviour indexing power-difference. The positive or negative values of honorification are based on different concepts of ene yeycel and on different identifications of social relationships. Such conceptualizations rationalize whether speakers should support honorification or not, and lead them to discuss language use in current society.
Component-Based Formal Analysis of 5G-AKA: Channel Assumptions and Session Confusion
Creators: name: Cremers, Cas
name: Dehnel-Wild, Martin
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2023

description: The 5G mobile telephony standards are nearing completion; upon adoption these will be used by billions across the globe. Ensuring the security of 5G communication is of the utmost importance, building trust in a critical component of everyday life and national infrastructure. We perform fine-grained formal analysis of 5G’s main authentication and key agreement protocol (AKA), and provide the first models to explicitly consider all parties defined by the protocol specification. Our analysis reveals that the security of 5G-AKA critically relies on unstated assumptions on the inner workings of the underlying channels. In practice this means that following the 5G-AKA specification, a provider can easily and ‘correctly’ implement the standard insecurely, leaving the protocol vulnerable to a security-critical race condition. We provide the first models and analysis considering component and channel compromise in 5G, whose results further demonstrate the fragility and subtle trust assumptions of the 5G-AKA protocol. We propose formally verified fixes to the encountered issues, and have worked with 3GPP to ensure these fixes are adopted.
Detection of Threats to IoT Devices using Scalable VPN-forwarded Honeypots
Creators: name: Tambe, Amit
name: Aung, Yan Lin
name: Sridharan, Ragav
name: Ochoa, Martin
name: Tippenhauer, Nils Ole
name: Shabtai, Asaf
name: Elovici, Yuval
Publisher: name: CISPA
Year: 2023

description: Attacks on Internet of Things (IoT) devices, exploiting inherent vulnerabilities, have intensified over the last few years. Recent large-scale attacks, such as Persirai, Hakai, etc. corroborate concerns about the security of IoT devices. In this work, we propose an approach that allows easy integration of commercial off-the-shelf IoT devices into a general honeypot architecture. Our approach projects a small number of heterogeneous IoT devices (that are physically at one location) as many (geographically distributed) devices on the Internet, using connections to commercial and private VPN services. The goal is for those devices to be discovered and exploited by attacks on the Internet, thereby revealing unknown vulnerabilities. For detection and examination of potentially malicious traffic, we devise two analysis strategies: (1) given an outbound connection from honeypot, backtrack into network traffic to detect the corresponding attack command that caused the malicious connection and use it to download malware, (2) perform live detection of unseen URLs from HTTP requests using adaptive clustering. We show that our implementation and analysis strategies are able to detect recent large-scale attacks targeting IoT devices (IoT Reaper, Hakai, etc.) with overall low cost and maintenance effort.
Supplementary Tables and Figures to “Why Does Library Holding Format Really Matter for Book Impact Assessment?”
Creators: name: Maleki, Ashraf
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Library and Information Studies
subject: FOS: Media and communications

description: This file is the online appendix to Two Articles:“OCLC Library Holdings: Assessing Availability of Academic Books in Libraries in Print and Electronic Compared to Citations and Altmetrics”and“Why Does Library Holding Format Really Matter for Book Impact Assessment? Predicting Citations and Altmetrics with Print and Electronic Holdings”
All figures and tables are reported in one file because the analysis are based on the same datasets, despite various analysis. Browse content in the List of Figures and Tables.
A Grand Design for Galaxy Clusters: Connections and Predictions
Creators: name: Cavaliere, A.
name: Lapi, A.
name: Fusco-Femiano, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We take up from a library of 12 galaxy clusters featuring extended X-ray observations of their Intra Cluster Plasma (ICP), analyzed with our entropy-based Supermodel. Its few intrinsic parameters - basically, the central level and the outer slope of the entropy profile - enable us to uniformly derive not only robust snapshots of the ICP thermal state, but also the 'concentration' parameter marking the age of the host dark matter halo. We test these profiles for consistency with numerical simulations and observations. We find the central and the outer entropy to correlate, so that these clusters split into two main classes defined on the basis of low (LE) or high (HE) entropy conditions prevailing throughout the ICP. We also find inverse correlations between the central/outer entropy and the halo concentration. We interpret these in terms of mapping the ICP progress on timescales around 5 Gyr toward higher concentrations, under the drive of the dark matter halo development. The progress proceeds from HEs to LEs, toward states of deeper entropy erosion by radiative cooling in the inner regions, and of decreasing outer entropy production as the accretion peters out. We propose these radial and time features to constitute a cluster Grand Design, that we use here to derive a number of predictions. For HE clusters we predict sustained outer temperature profiles. For LEs we expect the outer entropy ramp to bend over, hence the temperature decline to steepen at low z; this feature goes together with an increasing turbulent support, a condition that can be directly probed with the SZ effect.
description: 23 pages, 8 figures, 1 table. Typos corrected. Accepted by ApJ
CODATA Virtual General Assembly15 December 2020
Creators: name: CODATA
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: CODATA
General Assembly
Constitution
Decadal Programme
Open Science
Task Groups

description: CODATA convened a Virtual General Assembly on 15 December 2020 at 11:00-13:00 UTC. The first purpose of this virtual General Assembly was to review the outcome of the vote on the constitutional changes recommended by the Officers and Executive Committee, and to appoint a Nominating Committee. Second, the virtual General Assembly also provided an opportunity to update the delegates on recent developments and CODATA activities. This presentation provides the result of voting and updates from a range of CODATA activities. The recording of the Virtual General Assembly is available on the CODATA website.
Additional file 1 of A feasibility trial of prehabilitation before oesophagogastric cancer surgery using a multi-component home-based exercise programme: the ChemoFit study
Creators: name: Chmelo, Jakub
name: Phillips, Alexander W.
name: Greystoke, Alastair
name: Charman, Sarah J.
name: Avery, Leah
name: Hallsworth, Kate
name: Welford, Jenny
name: Cooper, Matthew
name: Sinclair, Rhona C. F.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Home Exercise Programme.
Triviality problem and the high-temperature expansions of the higher susceptibilities for the Ising and the scalar field models on four-, five- and six-dimensional lattices
Creators: name: Butera, Paolo
name: Pernici, Mario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High-temperature expansions are presently the only viable approach to the numerical calculation of the higher susceptibilities for the spin and the scalar-field models on high-dimensional lattices. The critical amplitudes of these quantities enter into a sequence of universal amplitude-ratios which determine the critical equation of state. We have obtained a substantial extension through order 24, of the high-temperature expansions of the free energy (in presence of a magnetic field) for the Ising models with spin s >= 1/2 and for the lattice scalar field theory with quartic self-interaction, on the simple-cubic and the body-centered-cubic lattices in four, five and six spatial dimensions. A numerical analysis of the higher susceptibilities obtained from these expansions, yields results consistent with the widely accepted ideas, based on the renormalization group and the constructive approach to Euclidean quantum field theory, concerning the no-interaction ("triviality") property of the continuum (scaling) limit of spin-s Ising and lattice scalar-field models at and above the upper critical dimensionality.
description: 17 pages, 10 figures
Nonlocal growth processes and conformal invariance
Creators: name: Alcaraz, Francisco C.
name: Rittenberg, Vladimir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Up to now the raise and peel model was the single known example of a one-dimensional stochastic process where one can observe conformal invariance. The model has one-parameter. Depending on its value one has a gapped phase, a critical point where one has conformal invariance and a gapless phase with changing values of the dynamical critical exponent $z$. In this model, adsorption is local but desorption is not. The raise and strip model presented here in which desorption is also nonlocal, has the same phase diagram. The critical exponents are different as are some physical properties of the model. Our study suggest the possible existence of a whole class of stochastic models in which one can observe conformal invariance.
description: 27 pages, 22 figures