cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Pyrolysis of peptides and proteins. Analytical study and environmental applications
Creators: name: Adamiano, Alessio <1984>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2012
Subjects: CHIM/01 Chimica analitica

description: Analytical pyrolysis was used to investigate the formation of diketopiperazines (DKPs) which are cyclic dipeptides formed from the thermal degradation of proteins. A quali/quantitative procedure was developed combining microscale flash pyrolysis at 500 °C with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) of DKPs trapped onto an adsorbent phase. Polar DKPs were silylated prior to GC-MS. Particular attention was paid to the identification of proline (Pro) containing DKPs due to their greater facility of formation. The GC-MS characteristics of more than 80 original and silylated DKPs were collected from the pyrolysis of sixteen linear dipeptides and four model proteins (e.g. bovine serum albumin, BSA). The structure of a novel DKP, cyclo(pyroglutamic-Pro) was established by NMR and ESI-MS analysis, while the structures of other novel DKPs remained tentative. DKPs resulted rather specific markers of amino acid sequence in proteins, even though the thermal degradation of DKPs should be taken into account. Structural information of DKPs gathered from the pyrolysis of model compounds was employed to the identification of these compounds in the pyrolysate of proteinaceous samples, including intrinsecally unfolded protein (IUP). Analysis of the liquid fraction (bio-oil) obtained from the pyrolysis of microalgae Nannochloropsis gaditana, Scenedesmus spp with a bench scale reactor showed that DKPs constituted an important pool of nitrogen-containing compounds. Conversely, the level of DKPs was rather low in the bio-oil of Botryococcus braunii. The developed micropyrolysis procedure was applied in combination with thermogravimetry (TGA) and infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) to investigate surface interaction between BSA and synthetic chrysotile. The results showed that the thermal behavior of BSA (e.g. DKPs formation) was affected by the different form of doped synthetic chrysotile. The typical DKPs evolved from collagen were quantified in the pyrolysates of archaeological bones from Vicenne Necropolis in order to evaluate their conservation status in combination with TGA, FTIR and XRD analysis.
On Low Rank Matrix Approximations with Applications to Synthesis Problem in Compressed Sensing
Creators: name: Juditsky, Anatoli
name: Karzan, Fatma Kilinc
name: Nemirovski, Arkadii S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider the synthesis problem of Compressed Sensing - given s and an MXn matrix A, extract from it an mXn submatrix A', certified to be s-good, with m as small as possible. Starting from the verifiable sufficient conditions of s-goodness, we express the synthesis problem as the problem of approximating a given matrix by a matrix of specified low rank in the uniform norm. We propose randomized algorithms for efficient construction of rank k approximation of matrices of size mXn achieving accuracy bounds O(1)sqrt({ln(mn)/k) which hold in expectation or with high probability. We also supply derandomized versions of the approximation algorithms which does not require random sampling of matrices and attains the same accuracy bounds. We further demonstrate that our algorithms are optimal up to the logarithmic in m and n factor. We provide preliminary numerical results on the performance of our algorithms for the synthesis problem.
The movement of shadows: a teaching proposal for the secondary school
Creators: name: Gangui, Alejandro
name: Iglesias, Maria
name: Quinteros, Cynthia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A didactic sequence of activities on some topics of Astronomy, related mainly with the length and orientation of shadows cast by a gnomon, the movement of shadows during daytime in different seasons of the year, and finding the true astronomical North, is fully developed. It also includes a discussion of observations from different frames of reference and of some topics in the history of science to enrich a debate among students, as well as the construction of a simplified model for the apparent displacement of the Sun, and of a sundial, and their use as resources to discuss some common misconceptions found in students. Multiple suggestions and clear guides are given for teachers of secondary education to implement theses activities in their classes.
description: Article in Spanish, PDF document; Published version available at http://cms.iafe.uba.ar/gangui/didaastro/ch/ . Posted here as a contribution to the International Year of Astronomy 2009
СОЦИАЛЬНОЕ НАЗНАЧЕНИЕ ПРАВОПРИМЕНИТЕЛЬНОЙ ПОЛИТИКИ ГОСУДАРСТВА В СФЕРЕ ЗДРАВООХРАНЕНИЯ
Creators: name: Лягин К.А.
Publisher: name: Образование и право
Year: 2021
Subjects: государство
право
общество
личность
правовая политика государства
применение права
здравоохранение
медицина
пандемия.

description: В данной статье рассматриваются особенности социального назначения правоприменительной политики государства в сфере здравоохранения. Автор раскрывает природу социального назначения права, как самостоятельного явления и рассматривает правоприменительную политику государства с точки зрения социального подхода. Особое внимание уделяется проблемам политики применения права в сфере здравоохранения и специфике действующего законодательства в рассматриваемой плоскости научного познания. Отдельно исследуются проблемы недостаточной правовой регламентации области предоставления гражданам медицинских услуг, недостаточной квалификации медицинского персонала, необеспеченности медицинских учреждений необходимым оборудованием, а также ответственности за правонарушения в сфере здравоохранения. Делается вывод о необходимости комплексного исследования социального назначения правоприменительной политики, выявления и преодоления проблем в данной области, что приобретает особую актуальность в период действующей пандемии во всем мире.
Analyzing convergence of Agricultural and Rural Areas in the Enlarged EU: The case of Hungary
Creators: name: Monasterolo, Irene <1982>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2012
Subjects: SECS-P/02 Politica economica

description: The fall of the Berlin Wall opened the way for a reform path – the transition process – which accompanied ten former Socialist countries in Central and South Eastern Europe to knock at the EU doors. By the way, at the time of the EU membership several economic and structural weaknesses remained. A tendency towards convergence between the new Member States (NMS) and the EU average income level emerged, together with a spread of inequality at the sub-regional level, mainly driven by the backwardness of the agricultural and rural areas.
Several progresses were made in evaluating the policies for rural areas, but a shared definition of rurality is still missing. Numerous indicators were calculated for assessing the effectiveness of the Common Agricultural Policy and Rural Development Policy. Previous analysis on the Central and Eastern European countries found that the characteristics of the most backward areas were insufficiently addressed by the policies enacted; the low data availability and accountability at a sub-regional level, and the deficiencies in institutional planning and implementation represented an obstacle for targeting policies and payments.
The next pages aim at providing a basis for understanding the connections between the peculiarities of the transition process, the current development performance of NMS and the EU role, with particular attention to the agricultural and rural areas. Applying a mixed methodological approach (multivariate statistics, non-parametric methods, spatial econometrics), this study contributes to the identification of rural areas and to the analysis of the changes occurred during the EU membership in Hungary, assessing the effect of CAP introduction and its contribution to the convergence of the Hungarian agricultural and rural. The author believes that more targeted – and therefore efficient – policies for agricultural and rural areas require a deeper knowledge of their structural and dynamic characteristics.
A Survey on Brain-Computer Interface and Related Applications
Creators: name: Pai, Krishna
name: Kallimani, Rakhee
name: Iyer, Sridhar
name: Maheswari, B. Uma
name: Khanai, Rajashri
name: Torse, Dattaprasad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: BCI systems are able to communicate directly between the brain and computer using neural activity measurements without the involvement of muscle movements. For BCI systems to be widely used by people with severe disabilities, long-term studies of their real-world use are needed, along with effective and feasible dissemination models. In addition, the robustness of the BCI systems' performance should be improved so they reach the same level of robustness as natural muscle-based health monitoring. In this chapter, we review the recent BCI related studies, followed by the most relevant applications of BCI systems. We also present the key issues and challenges which exist in regard to the BCI systems and also provide future directions.
Non-Poissonian ultrashort, nanoscale electron pulses
Creators: name: Keramati, Sam
name: Brunner, Will
name: Gay, T. J.
name: Batelaan, Herman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The statistical character of electron beams used in current technologies, as described by a stream of particles, is random in nature. Using coincidence measurements of femtosecond pulsed electron pairs, we report the observation of sub-Poissonian electron statistics that are non-random due to two-electron Coulomb interactions, and that exhibit an anti-bunching signal of 1 part in 4. This advancement is a fundamental step towards realizing a strongly quantum degenerate electron beam needed for many applications, and in particular electron correlation spectroscopy.
СОЦИАЛЬНО-ПОЛИТИЧЕСКОЕ ПОЛОЖЕНИЕ ДАГЕСТАНА В 1917-1918 ГОДАХ
Creators: name: Гусейнов Г.М.
name: Тагибова З.Т.
name: Мусаева С.Г.
Publisher: name: Образование и право
Year: 2021
Subjects: Дагестан
социально-политическое положение
Февральская и Октябрьская революции
противостояние большевиков и оппозиции.

description: В статье, на основе архивных документов, научных трудов и периодической печати, освещается проблема социально-полити-ческого положения Дагестана в 1917-1918 гг. Данный период характери-зовался насыщенными политическими и социально-экономическими процес-сами в регионе, которые сыграли важную роль в перипетиях дальнейшего развития Дагестана. Авторы описывают противоречивые и неоднозначные события 1917 года, в частности Февральская и Октябрьская революции, а так же противостояние большевистской власти с оппозицией в регионе. При подготовке данного исследования были использованы метод сравнительно-исторического анализа и проблемно-хронологический метод, на основе которых в статье была предпринята попытка объективного изучения проблемных аспектов социально-политического положения в Дагестане в рассматриваемый период. Научная новизна статьи состоит в том, что в ней впервые введены в научный оборот ряд источников, а также освещены малоизвестные науке и общественности факты, относящихся к сложному историческому периоду развития республики.
Aspetti di vita quotidiana, religiosa, militare e civile in Britannia e lungo il Vallo di Adriano
Creators: name: Iliceto, Annachiara <1976>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2009
Subjects: L-ANT/03 Storia romana

description: The dissertation aims to provide an overview of some aspects of everyday life in Roman Britain in general and in the area of Hadrian’s Wall in particular. 
In a preliminary description, the writer addresses the complex topic related to the genesis of borders as the fulfillment of the expansionist parable of Rome, and as the space manifestation of the sunset of the idea of an imperium sine fine. Then the thesis passes to examine, in subsequent chapters, first the religious theme in its peculiar indigenous component and in the cultural practices triggered by the process of Romanization, secondly the question whether is possible to study everyday life in the northernmost province of the Empire through a discussion of the civilian settlements in proximity to military sites. This issue is drawn especially thanks to the analysis of the so-called Vindolanda tablets, which constitute a valuable evidence of a lively environment both under human and social respect.
Before giving an indication of the specific bibliography, the work offers a number of appendices which elaborate part of the information which has been supplied in the previous sections. Mention of the epigraphic repertoires and literary and antiquarian sources is finally made.
A Kepler K2 view of subdwarf A-type stars
Creators: name: Mösenlechner, G.
name: Paunzen, E.
name: Pelisoli, I.
name: Seelig, J.
name: Stidl, S.
name: Maitzen, H. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spectroscopic class of subdwarf A-type (sdA) stars has come into focus in recent years because of their possible link to extremely low-mass white dwarfs, a rare class of objects resulting from binary evolution. Although most sdA stars are consistent with metal-poor halo main-sequence stars, the formation and evolution of a fraction of these stars are still matters of debate. The identification of photometric variability can help to put further constraints on the evolutionary status of sdA stars, in particular through the analysis of pulsations. Moreover, the binary ratio, which can be deduced from eclipsing binaries and ellipsoidal variables, is important as input for stellar models. In order to search for variability due to either binarity or pulsations in objects of the spectroscopic sdA class, we have extracted all available high precision light curves from the Kepler K2 mission. We have performed a thorough time series analysis on all available light curves, employing three different methods. Frequencies with a signal-to-noise ratio higher than four have been used for further analysis. From the 25 targets, 13 turned out to be variables of different kinds (i.e. classical pulsating stars, ellipsoidal and cataclysmic variables, eclipsing binaries, and rotationally induced variables). For the remaining 12 objects, a variability threshold was determined.
description: 11 pages, 11 figures, 3 tables, accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Some novel nucleophilic displacement reactions in the carbohydrate area and N.M.R. studies of their products
Creators: name: Miller, Diane Claudia
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: 1,2:5,6-Di-O-isopropylidene-α-D-allofuranose 1, 1,2:5,6-di-O-isopropylidene-α-D-glucofuranose 2, and 1,2:3,4-di-O-isopropyli-dene-α-D-galactopyranose 3 have been treated separately in pyridine solution with trifluoromethanesulfonic anhydride, 2,2,2-trifluoroethanesulfonyl chloride, and pentafluorobenzenesulfonyl chloride. Both 1 and 2 afforded the anticipated sulfonic esters. Although 3 also gave the 2,2,2-trifluoroethanesulfonic and pentafluorobenzenesulfonic esters, the reaction with trifluoromethanesulfonic anhydride yielded 6-deoxy-1,2:3,4-di-O-isopropylidene-6-pyridino-α-D-galactopyranose trifluoromethanesulfonate 7. In a second part to this work triphenyltin lithium was separately reacted with each of 1,2:3,4-di-O-methylene-α-D-glucofuranose 22, methyl 2,3-anhydro-4,6-O-benzylidene-α-D-allopyranoside 23 and methyl 2,3-anhydro-4,6-O-benzylidene-a-D-mannopyranoside 24 to form, in every case, a sugar-stannane derivative having a stable carbon-tin bond. N.m.r. studies of both the fluorinated sugar sulfonates and, particularly, of the organotin sugars are also reported.
Interazioni tra Glicoproteine che mediano la penetrazione del Virus Herpes Simplex nella cellula e disegno razionale di Peptidi Inibitori
Creators: name: Amasio, Michele <1979>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2009
Subjects: BIO/19 Microbiologia

description: Herpes simplex virus entry into cells requires a multipartite fusion apparatus made of gD, gB and heterodimer gH/gL. gD serves as receptor-binding glycoprotein and trigger of fusion; its ectodomain is organized in a N-terminal domain carrying the receptor-binding sites, and a C-terminal domain carrying the profusion domain, required for fusion but not receptor-binding. gB and gH/gL execute fusion. To understand how the four glycoproteins cross-talk to each other we searched for biochemical defined complexes in infected and transfected cells, and in virions. 
We report that gD formed complexes with gB in absence of gH/gL, and with gH/gL in absence of gB. Complexes with similar composition were formed in infected and transfected cells. They were also present in virions prior to entry, and did not increase at virus fusion with cell. A panel of gD mutants enabled the preliminary location of part of the binding site in gD to gB to the aa 240-260 portion and downstream, with T306P307 as critical residues, and of the binding site to gH/gL at aa 260-310 portion, with P291P292 as critical residues. The results indicate that gD carries composite independent binding sites for gB and gH/gL, both of which partly located in the profusion domain. 
The second part of the project dealt with rational design of peptides inhibiting virus entry has been performed. Considering gB and gD, the crystal structure is known, so we designed peptides that dock in the structure or prevent the adoption of the final conformation of target molecule. Considering the other glycoproteins, of which the structure is not known, peptide libraries were analyzed. Among several peptides, some were identified as active, designed on glycoprotein B. Two of them were further analyzed. We identified peptide residues fundamental for the inhibiting activity, suggesting a possible mechanism of action. Furthermore, changing the flexibility of peptides, an increased activity was observed,with an EC50 under 10μM. New approaches will try to demonstrate the direct interaction between these peptides and the target glycoprotein B.
Dynamical properties of the Haldane chain with bond disorder
Creators: name: Fang, Jing-Kai
name: Huang, Jun-Han
name: Wu, Han-Qing
name: Yao, Dao-Xin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By using Lanczos exact diagonalization and quantum Monte Carlo combined with stochastic analytic continuation, we study the dynamical properties of the $S=1$ antiferromagnetic Heisenberg chain with different strengths of bond disorder. In the weak disorder region, we find weakly coupled bonds which can induce additional low-energy excitation below the one-magnon mode. As the disorder increases, the average Haldane gap closes at $δ_Δ\sim 0.5$ with more and more low-energy excitations coming out. After the critical disorder strength $δ_c\sim 1$, the system reaches a random-singlet phase with prominent sharp peak at $ω=0$ and broad continuum at $ω>0$ of the dynamic spin structure factor. In addition, we analyze the distribution of random spin domains and numerically find three kinds of domains hosting effective spin-1/2 quanta or spin-1 sites in between. These "spins" can form the weakly coupled long-range singlets due to quantum fluctuation which contribute to the sharp peak at $ω=0$.
description: 8 pages, 9 figures
The telescope conjecture for hereditary rings via Ext-orthogonal pairs
Creators: name: Krause, Henning
name: Stovicek, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: For the module category of a hereditary ring, the Ext-orthogonal pairs of subcategories are studied. For each Ext-orthogonal pair that is generated by a single module, a 5-term exact sequence is constructed. The pairs of finite type are characterized and two consequences for the class of hereditary rings are established: homological epimorphisms and universal localizations coincide, and the telescope conjecture for the derived category holds true. However, we present examples showing that neither of these two statements is true in general for rings of global dimension 2.
description: 22 pages, minor changes, final version, to appear in "Advances in Mathematics".
Optical detection of the rapidly spinning white dwarf in V1460 Her
Creators: name: Pelisoli, Ingrid
name: Marsh, T. R.
name: Ashley, R. P.
name: Hakala, Pasi
name: Aungwerojwit, A.
name: Burdge, K.
name: Breedt, E.
name: Brown, A. J.
name: Chanthorn, K.
name: Dhillon, V. S.
name: Dyer, M. J.
name: Green, M. J.
name: Kerry, P.
name: Littlefair, S. P.
name: Parsons, S. G.
name: Sahman, D. I.
name: Wild, J. F.
name: Yotthanathong, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Accreting magnetic white dwarfs offer an opportunity to understand the interplay between spin-up and spin-down torques in binary systems. Monitoring of the white dwarf spin may reveal whether the white dwarf spin is currently in a state of near-equilibrium, or of uni-directional evolution towards longer or shorter periods, reflecting the recent history of the system and providing constraints for evolutionary models. This makes the monitoring of the spin history of magnetic white dwarfs of high interest. In this paper we report the results of a campaign of follow-up optical photometry to detect and track the 39 sec white dwarf spin pulses recently discovered in Hubble Space Telescope data of the cataclysmic variable V1460 Her. We find the spin pulsations to be present in g-band photometry at a typical amplitude of 0.4%. Under favourable observing conditions, the spin signal is detectable using 2-meter class telescopes. We measured pulse-arrival times for all our observations, which allowed us to derive a precise ephemeris for the white dwarf spin. We have also derived an orbital modulation correction that can be applied to the measurements. With our limited baseline of just over four years, we detect no evidence yet for spin-up or spin-down of the white dwarf, obtaining a lower limit of |P/Pdot|> 4e7 years, which is already 4 to 8 times longer than the timescales measured in two other cataclysmic variable systems containing rapidly rotating white dwarfs, AE Aqr and AR Sco.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Growth rate of Rayleigh-Taylor turbulent mixing layers with the foliation approach
Creators: name: Poujade, Olivier
name: Peybernes, Mathieu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For years, astrophysicists, plasma fusion and fluid physicists have puzzled over Rayleigh-Taylor turbulent mixing layers. In particular, strong discrepancies in the growth rates have been observed between experiments and numerical simulations. Although two phenomenological mechanisms (mode-coupling and mode-competition) have brought some insight on these differences, convincing theoretical arguments are missing to explain the observed values. In this paper, we provide an analytical expression of the growth rate compatible with both mechanisms and is valide for a self-similar, low Atwood Rayleigh-Taylor turbulent mixing subjected to a constant or time-varying acceleration. The key step in this work is the introduction of {\it foliated} averages and {\it foliated} turbulent spectra highlighted in our three dimensional numerical simulations. We show that the exact value of the Rayleigh-Taylor growth rate not only depends upon the acceleration history but is also bound to the power-law exponent of the {\it foliated} spectra at large scales.
Variational quantum simulation of long-range interacting systems
Creators: name: Lyu, Chufan
name: Tang, Xiaoyu
name: Li, Junning
name: Xu, Xusheng
name: Yung, Man-Hong
name: Bayat, Abolfazl
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Current quantum simulators suffer from multiple limitations such as short coherence time, noisy operations, faulty readout and restricted qubit connectivity in some platforms. Variational quantum algorithms are the most promising approach in near-term quantum simulation to achieve practical quantum advantage over classical computers. Here, we explore variational quantum algorithms, with different levels of qubit connectivity, for digital simulation of the ground state of long-range interacting systems as well as generation of spin squeezed states. We find that as the interaction becomes more long-ranged, the variational algorithms become less efficient, achieving lower fidelity and demanding more optimization iterations. In particular, when the system is near its criticality the efficiency is even lower. Increasing the connectivity between distant qubits improves the results, even with less quantum and classical resources. Our results show that by mixing circuit layers with different levels of connectivity one can sensibly improve the performance. Interestingly, the order of layers becomes very important and grouping the layers with long-distance connectivity at the beginning of the circuit outperforms other permutations. The same design of circuits can also be used to variationally produce spin squeezed states, as a resource for quantum metrology.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures
Representations of surface groups in the projective general linear group
Creators: name: Oliveira, André
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14D20, 14F45, 14H60

description: Given a closed, oriented surface X of genus g>1, and a semisimple Lie group G, let R_G be the moduli space of reductive representations of the fundamental group of X in G. We determine the number of connected components of R_PGL(n,R), for n>=4 even. In order to have a first division of connected components, we first classify real projective bundles over such a surface. Then we achieve our goal, using holomorphic methods through the theory of Higgs bundles over compact Riemann surfaces. We also show that the complement of the Hitchin component in R_SL(3,R) is homotopically equivalent to R_SO(3).
description: v3: included an erratum (Section 12) which shows why Theorem 1.3 (stating that the Hitchin component in R_SL(3,R) is homotopically equivalent to R_SO(3)) is not correct, even though the original manuscript is left unchanged. This erratum has been published in Int. J. Math., 30, No. 2 (2019) 1992001
Feasibility studies of the time-like proton electromagnetic form factor measurements with PANDA at FAIR
Creators: name: Sudol, M.
name: Espi, M. C. Mora
name: Becheva, E.
name: Boucher, J.
name: Hennino, T.
name: Kunne, R.
name: Marchand, D.
name: Ong, S.
name: Ramstein, B.
name: Van de Wiele, J.
name: Zerguerras, T.
name: Maas, F.
name: Kopf, B.
name: Pelizaeus, M.
name: Steinke, M.
name: Zhong, J.
name: Tomasi-Gustafsson, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The possibility of measuring the proton electromagnetic form factors in the time-like region at FAIR with the \PANDA detector is discussed. Detailed simulations on signal efficiency for the annihilation of $\bar p +p $ into a lepton pair as well as for the most important background channels have been performed. It is shown that precision measurements of the differential cross section of the reaction $\bar p +p \to e^++ e^-$ can be obtained in a wide angular and kinematical range. The individual determination of the moduli of the electric and magnetic proton form factors will be possible up to a value of momentum transfer squared of $q^2\simeq 14$ (GeV/c)$^2$. The total $\bar p +p\to e^++e^-$ cross section will be measured up to $q^2\simeq 28$ (GeV/c)$^2$. The results obtained from simulated events are compared to the existing data. Sensitivity to the two photons exchange mechanism is also investigated.
description: 12 pages, 4 tables, 8 figures Revised, added details on simulations, 4 tables, 9 figures
Teaching project management to children in primary school: a scoping review protocol
Creators: name: Delle-Vergini, Sante
name: Eacersall, Douglas
name: Ally, Mustafa
name: Dann, Chris
name: Chakraborty, Subrata
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Education
subject: 130105 Primary Education (excl. Maori)
subject: FOS: Educational sciences
subject: 130303 Education Assessment and Evaluation

description: This document is a scoping review protocol that will provide a rigorous methodological approach to the search, extraction, analysis and presentation of evidence sources on the topic of teaching project management to children in primary school.
Pulse envelope effects in nonlinear Breit-Wheeler pair-creation
Creators: name: Tang, S.
name: King, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effect of the pulse envelope on electron-positron pair creation in a circularly-polarised laser pulse is investigated. Interference on the length scale of the pulse envelope, and smoothness of the pulse edges are found to influence the pair spectrum. A toy model of a flat-top pulse is used to identify pulse envelope effects inaccessible to local approaches. Broadening of channel openings and a widening of the energy and transverse momentum distribution of the pair are found to receive contributions that are below the local harmonic threshold. By comparing pair yields in a flat-top, sine-squared and Gaussian pulse, a link between pulse shape and photon-polarised Breit-Wheeler is found. In the transverse momentum distribution, a signal of pulse envelope interference is found in an azimuthal asymmetry, which appears in intense fields and persists in long pulses.
description: 11 pages, 9 figures
The contact process in a dynamic random environment
Creators: name: Remenik, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60K35 (Primary)

description: We study a contact process running in a random environment in $\mathbb {Z}^d$ where sites flip, independently of each other, between blocking and nonblocking states, and the contact process is restricted to live in the space given by nonblocked sites. We give a partial description of the phase diagram of the process, showing in particular that, depending on the flip rates of the environment, survival of the contact process may or may not be possible for large values of the birth rate. We prove block conditions for the process that parallel the ones for the ordinary contact process and use these to conclude that the critical process dies out and that the complete convergence theorem holds in the supercritical case.
description: This version corrects a mistake in the original statement and proof of Theorem 1(c). Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/08-AAP528 the Annals of Applied Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aap/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Additional file 2 of Establishment of a novel cell cycle-related prognostic signature predicting prognosis in patients with endometrial cancer
Creators: name: Liu, Jinhui
name: Mei, Jie
name: Li, Siyue
name: Wu, Zhipeng
name: Zhang, Yan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2: Figure S1. Part prognostic model of the training cohort. (A-B) The coefficients calculated by LASSO.
A note on observational signatures in superluminal unified dark matter models
Creators: name: Urakawa, Yuko
name: Kobayashi, Tsutomu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the possibility that the dark matter and dark energy are mimicked by a single fluid or by a single $k$-essence-like scalar field. The so called Chaplygin gas unified dark matter models can reproduce the observed matter power spectrum by adding a baryon component. It has been argued that the evolution of the baryon fluctuations is particularly favoured for the "superluminal" case where the sound speed of the Chaplygin gas exceeds the speed of light at late times, as well as for the models with the negligibly small sound speed. In this note we compute the integrated Sachs-Wolfe signal in the Chaplygin gas models, focusing on the superluminal case which has not been investigated before because of the premature understanding of causality. It is shown that the superluminal model leads to large enhancement of the integrated Sachs-Wolfe effect, which is inconsistent with the CMB measurements.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures, revised to match published version
СРАВНИТЕЛЬНЫЙ АНАЛИЗ РОССИЙСКИХ И ЗАРУБЕЖНЫХ МЕР ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОГО СТИМУЛИРОВАНИЯ ВЫСОКОТЕХНОЛОГИЧНЫХ СУБЪЕКТОВ МСП ПУТЁМ СОВЕРШЕНСТВОВАНИЯ ДОСТУПНОСТИ КРЕДИТНЫХ РЕСУРСОВ ПОД ЗАЛОГ ОБЪЕКТОВ ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНОЙ СОБСТВЕННОСТИ
Creators: name: Самородский Д.С.
Publisher: name: Образование и право
Year: 2021
Subjects: залог под патент
высокотехнологическое предпринимательство
финансирование МСП
кредитование МСП
голландская модель финансирования
патентное право в США
финансирование предпринимательства.

description: Статья подготовлена по результатам исследований, выполненных за счет бюджетных средств по Государственному заданию Финансового университета при Правительстве Российской Федерации 2021 года. Актуальность исследования вызвана появлением нового института регулирования в Российской Федерации как кредитование под залог интеллектуальной собственности, а также возрастание роли государства в поддержке инновационных субъектов, использующих новой системой кредитования и финансирования. Методология исследования заключается в сравнительно-правовом анализе зарубежного законодательства и зарубежной практики применения инструментов политики стимулирования высокотехнологичных субъектов МСП. Во-первых, рассмотрены доктринальные и нормативные особенности финансирования инновационных субъектов МСП с особенностями национального регулирования. Во-вторых, проанализирован отечественный опыт регулирования данной сферы. В результате выявлено два возможных пути развития на основе правоприменения в Соединённых Штатах Америки и Королевстве Нидерландах.
ТЕЛЕКОММУНИКАЦИОННЫЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ И КОМПЬЮТЕРНАЯ ГРАМОТНОСТЬ КАК СРЕДСТВО ПРОФИЛАКТИКИ КИБЕРПРЕСТУПЛЕНИЙ
Creators: name: Богданов А.В.
name: Виноградов Е.А.
name: Хазов Е.Н.
Publisher: name: Образование и право
Year: 2021
Subjects: киберпреступность
кибербезопасность
информационные технологии
телекоммуникационные технологии
преступления
оперативно-розыскная деятельность
технический прогресс.

description: Рассматриваются проблемы, связанные с обеспечением деятельности правоохранительных органов по выявлению, раскрытию и расследованию преступлений, совершаемых с использованием информационно-телекоммуникационных технологий. Анализируются причины и условия, нарушающие безопасность личности, общества и государства в информационной сфере. Предлагаются основные направления по профилактике и противодействию киберпреступлениям с применением современных информационных технологий.
Additional file 13 of SIGIRR deficiency contributes to CD4 T cell abnormalities by facilitating the IL1/C/EBPβ/TNF-α signaling axis in rheumatoid arthritis
Creators: name: Teng, Xiu
name: Mou, Da-Chao
name: Li, Hui-Fang
name: Jiao, Ling
name: Wu, Sha-Sha
name: Pi, Jin-Kui
name: Wang, Yan
name: Zhu, Meng-Li
name: Tang, Meng
name: Liu, Yi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 13: Table S6. Antibodies Used for Immunoblots.
ТЕОРЕТИКО-МЕТОДИЧЕСКИЕ ОСНОВЫ ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ КУЛЬТУРНО-РЕЧЕВЫХ НАВЫКОВ У ОБУЧАЮЩИХСЯ В ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНЫХ ОРГАНИЗАЦИЯХ СИСТЕМЫ МВД РОССИИ
Creators: name: Каримова Т.С.
Publisher: name: Образование и право
Year: 2021
Subjects: коммуникативная компетенция
речевая культура
культурно-речевая компетенция
методика преподавания
методы обучения
обучающиеся в образовательных организациях системы МВД России.

description: Актуальность исследования обусловлена тем, что на современном этапе необходим поиск новых форм, методов, технологий и систем обучения в процессе формирования культурно-речевой компетенции в ходе изучения «комплекса речевых дисциплин» («Русский язык в профессиональной служебной деятельности», «Риторика») у обучающихся в образовательных организациях МВД России. Цель. В качестве основного метода исследования выступил аналитический (анализ теоретической и методической литературы по теме исследования). В статье приведено обоснование формирования культурно-речевой компетенции у обучающихся в образовательной организации правоохранительного профиля на основе соотнесения понятий теории культуры речи, риторики. Интеграция обучения на основе изучения языка, который является одновременно предметом изучения и средством усвоения всех изучаемых дисциплин, позволяет расширить рамки образовательного пространства, интегрировать гуманитарное и специальные знания. В статье сформулированы принципы и критерии отбора дидактического материала, который приближает обучающихся к естественной речевой, профессиональной ситуации. Так же предлагается использование инновационных методов преподавания, которые являются эффективным методом повышения интереса обучающихся к дисциплинам «Русский язык в профессиональной служебной деятельности», «Риторика». Делается вывод, что комплексный подход к формированию культурно-речевых навыков необходим для решения практической задачи формирования культурно-речевой компетенции.
Uniqueness of Morava K-theory
Creators: name: Angeltveit, Vigleik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 55N20

description: We show that there is an essentially unique S-algebra structure on the Morava K-theory spectrum K(n), while K(n) has uncountably many MU or \hE{n}-algebra structures. Here \hE{n} is the K(n)-localized Johnson-Wilson spectrum. To prove this we set up a spectral sequence computing the homotopy groups of the moduli space of A-infinity structures on a spectrum, and use the theory of S-algebra k-invariants for connective S-algebras due to Dugger and Shipley to show that all the uniqueness obstructions are hit by differentials.
description: 16 pages. Minor modifications, to appear in Compositio Mathematica.
Non-equilibrium phase transitions in competitive markets caused by network effects
Creators: name: Lucas, Andrew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Theoretical Economics (econ.TH)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Network effects are the added value derived solely from the popularity of a product in an economic market. Using agent-based models inspired by statistical physics, we propose a minimal theory of a competitive market for (nearly) indistinguishable goods with demand-side network effects, sold by statistically identical sellers. With weak network effects, the model reproduces conventional microeconomics: there is a statistical steady state of (nearly) perfect competition. Increasing network effects, we find a phase transition to a robust non-equilibrium phase driven by the spontaneous formation and collapse of fads in the market. When sellers update prices sufficiently quickly, an emergent monopolist can capture the market and undercut competition, leading to a symmetry- and ergodicity-breaking transition. The non-equilibrium phase simultaneously exhibits three empirically established phenomena not contained in the standard theory of competitive markets: spontaneous price fluctuations, persistent seller profits, and broad distributions of firm market shares.
description: 7+12 pages; 4+13 figures. v2: greatly expanded and published version, merged SI into main text
The role of mitochondria in the regulation of gamma rays induced mTOR-dependent senescence
Creators: name: Mariani, Elisa <1982>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2012
Subjects: BIO/13 Biologia applicata

description: The first aims of this study were to demonstrate if mitochondrial biogenesis and senescence can be induced simultaneously in  cell lines upon exposure to a genotoxic stress, and if the presence of  mtDNA mutations which impair the functionality of respiratory complexes can influence the ability of a cell to activate senescence.  The data obtained on the oncocytic model XTC.UC1 demonstrated that the presence of mitochondrial dysfunction is involved in the maintenance of a senescent phenotype induced by γ-rays treatment. The involvement of mTORC1 in the regulation of senescence has been shown in this cell line. On the other hand, in cells which do not present mitochondrial dysfunction it has been verified that  genotoxic stress determines the activation of both mitochondrial biogenesis and senescence. Further studies are necessary in order to verify if mitochondrial biogenesis sustains the activation of senescence.
The second aim of this thesis was to determine the involvement of mTORC1 in the regulation of PGC-1α expression, in order to verify what is the cause of the development of oncocytoma in patients affected by two hereditary cancer syndromes; Cowden and Birt-hogg-Dubé . The study of oncocytic tumors developed by patients affected by these syndromes suggested that the double heterozigosity of the two causative genes, PTEN and FLCN respectively, induce the activation of mTORC1 and therefore the activation of PGC-1α expression. On XTC.UC1 cell line, the most suitable in vitro model, experiments of complementation of PTEN and FLCN were conducted. To date, these results demonstrated that mTORC1 is not involved in the regulation of PGC-1α expression, and PTEN and FLCN seem to have opposite effect on PGC-1α expression.
S-triazolo[3,4-A]phthalazines : implications for C-terminal peptide sequencing
Creators: name: Alleyne, Carl Stanley
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The syntheses of s-triazolo[3,4-a]phthalazines (15, 3-R-TAP) by reaction of hydralazine (12, 1-hydrazinophthalazine) with N-protected amino acids and dipeptides under homogeneous (solution) and heterogeneous ("solid-phase") conditions are reported. Transition metal complexes containing the TAP ligand were prepared and their spectral properties investigated. The use of metal-ions and a cation-exchange resin (H+ form) were considered for the mild hydrolysis of side-chain amide bonds in TAP derivatives. The objective of these studies was to determine the feasibility of reacting the carboxyl groups in amino acids with hydralazine to afford the TAP derivatives as a method for peptide sequencing from the C-terminal residue. Hydralazine reacts with carboxylic acids to form an amide intermediate which undergoes ring closure with elimination of water to form the s-triazolo[3,4-a]phthalazine derivative. To promote the initial binding of hydralazine to the acid, coupling reagents were used to activate the carboxylate group towards nucleophilic attack. N-Ethyl-5-phenylisoxazolium-3'-sulfonate (17, NEPIS), 1-ethoxy -carbonyl-2-ethoxy-l,2-dihydroquinoline (27, EEDQ), various phosphorus compounds, carbodiimides, and chloroformates were carboxyl activating agents used to synthesize TAP derivatives. In solution studies, the carbodiimides (EDC, 16 and DCC, Si), NEPIS (17), and a combination of triphenylphosphite with imidazole are the most successful procedures for TAP synthesis In solid-phase studies, the best procedures for activating immobilized amino acids, are with isobuty'l chloroformate, NEPIS (l?), and DCC (51). Transition metal complexes were synthesized with the general formula: [M(3-H-TAP) (H20)6_n](C104)m (n = 4, m = 2, M = Co, Ni, Cu; n = 2, m = 2, M = Ni; n = 6, m = 3, M = Co). The infrared and visible spectra of these complexes are reported. [Co(.trien)C3-(N-Ac-gly)-TAP)J(C104)2 was also prepared and under acidic conditions, no hydrolysis of the side-chain amide bond was observed. There was also no significant hydrolysis of the side-chain with free ?+ 2+ 3-(N-Ac-gly)-TAP in the presence of Co and Cu under acidic conditions, or when it was eluted through a cation-exchange (H+ form) column. The decomposition of hydralazine in non-aqueous media was investigated and a major product of the decomposition was identified as diphthalazinylhydrazine {82). The implication of our studies is that the modification of amino acids with hydralazine is not yet a viable method for C-terminal peptide sequencing. Improvements are required for improving the yields of the coupled product, and the lack of a mild and selective method for hydrolyzing the C-terminal peptide bond limits the method at present to determination of the C-terminal residue only.
Strong-coupling results for $\mathcal{N}=2$ superconformal quivers and holography
Creators: name: Billo, M.
name: Frau, M.
name: Galvagno, F.
name: Lerda, A.
name: Pini, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider $\mathcal{N}=2$ superconformal quiver gauge theories in four dimensions and evaluate the chiral/anti-chiral correlators of single-trace operators. We show that it is convenient to form particular twisted and untwisted combinations of these operators suggested by the dual holographic description of the theory. The various twisted sectors are orthogonal and the correlators in each sector have always the same structure, as we show at the lowest orders in perturbation theory with Feynman diagrams. Using localization we then map the computation to a matrix model. In this way we are able to obtain formal expressions for the twisted correlators in the planar limit that are valid for all values of the 't Hooft coupling $λ$, and find that they are proportional to $1/λ$ at strong coupling. We successfully test the correctness of our extrapolation against a direct numerical evaluation of the matrix model and argue that the $1/λ$ behavior qualitatively agrees with the holographic description.
description: 45 pages, 9 figures
ТРАДИЦИОННАЯ КУЛЬТУРА В СОВРЕМЕННОЙ МЕЖКУЛЬТУРНОЙ КОММУНИКАЦИИ
Creators: name: Максимов А.А.
Publisher: name: Образование и право
Year: 2021
Subjects: информационное общество
коммуникация
традиционные ценности
информационное пространство
социальные сети
нравственный регулятор.

description: В статье рассматривается проблема культурной самобытности в условиях развивающегося глобального информационного общества. Новые формы и инструменты коммуникации могут быть восприняты как источник угрозы для традиционных ценностей. Контент Интернет-пространство как коммуникативной среды не регулируется с точки зрения соответствия культурным нормам. Из-за отсутствия необходимого нравственного регулятора происходит стремительная трансформация ценностей молодёжи, а вместе с ними и культуры.