cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A viable Starobinsky-like inflationary scenario in the light of Planck and BICEP2 results
Creators: name: Basilakos, S.
name: Lima, J. A. S.
name: Solà, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recent CMB data from Planck and BICEP2 observations have opened a new window for inflationary cosmology. In this Essay we compare three Starobinsky-like inflationary scenarios: (i) the original Starobinsky proposal; (ii) a family of dynamically broken SUGRA models; and (iii) a class of "decaying" vacuum $Λ(H)$ cosmologies. We then focus on the $Λ(H)$ variant, which spans the complete cosmic history of the universe from an early inflationary stage, followed by the "graceful exit" into the standard radiation regime, the matter epoch and, finally, the late-time accelerated expansion. Computing the effective potential we find that the "running" $Λ(H)$ models also provide a prediction for the tensor-to-scalar ratio of the CMB spectrum, $r \simeq 0.16$, which is compatible to within $1σ$ with the value $r=0.20^{+0.07}_{-0.05}$ recently measured by the BICEP2 collaboration.
description: 7 pages. To appear in IJMPD. This essay received an honorable mention in the 2014 Essay Competition of the Gravity Research Foundation
The general expression for $f(T)$ in a charged cylindrical spacetime with diverse dimensions
Creators: name: Nashed, G. G. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By utilizing the field equations of the modified teleparallel equivalent of general relativity, denoted as $\mathit{f(T)}$, we obtain an exact solution for a static charged black hole in n-dimensions, without imposing any constraints. The black hole possesses two distinctive dimensional constants: $m$ and $v$ with unit {\textit length}. The first constant is associated with the mass, while the second constant represents the electric charge. The existence of this electrical charge causes the black hole to diverge from the expectations of the teleparallel equivalent of general relativity (TEGR). Our analysis demonstrates that $\mathit{f(T)}$ is reliant on the parameter $v$ and transforms into a constant expression when $v$ is assigned a value of zero. A captivating aspect of this particular black hole is its absence of singularities in the quantities formed using torsion and curvature, given that the dimension $n$ falls within the interval of $4 \leq n \leq 6$ as $r$ approaches zero. However, for $n\geq7$, the singularity becomes milder in comparison to the case of TEGR. Furthermore, By utilizing the conserved n-momentum vector, we calculate the energy of this solution and confirm its correspondence with the ADM mass, accurate to the order of $O\Big(\frac{1}{r}\Big)$. Otherwise, we observe higher-order contributions arising from the electric charge terms. Through the application of a coordinate transformation to the black hole, we derive a precise solution describing a stationary rotating black hole. This solution showcases significant readings of the torsion scalar and the analytical function $\mathit{f(T)}$. In order to gain insight into the physics of this black hole, we calculate various physical quantities related to thermodynamics, such as entropy, Hawking temperature, and heat capacity. The analysis reveals that the black hole exhibits thermal stability.
description: 17 pages and four figures
Pathways to technological catching up: relationship university-business relations in Brazil
Creators: name: Guimaraes Sonia, K.
Publisher: name: Социология науки и технологий
Year: 2017
Subjects: BRAZIL
INNOVATION
TECHNOLOGICAL CATCHING UP
UNIVERSITY-INDUSTRY RELATIONS

description: Insofar as knowledge and innovation are considered key to economic growth, universities have been called to collaborate with the productive sector in order to contribute to transform scientific knowledge into technological development, aiming at the development of the companies’ innovative capacity. In the case of countries like Brazil, the university-company relationship becomes still more important, due to the companies’ low capacity to absorb the knowledge to produce higher level innovations. The paper presents preliminary results of a research in process that investigates university-firms relationships considering eight Brazilian universities located in the south and southeast regions of the country that are characterized by the presence of technological parks and incubators acknowledged as having satisfactory performance. The preliminary data analysis indicates an increasing number of research groups collaborating with companies, in all fields. However, despite the increase in the numbers of research groups maintaining external interactions, the data suggest that the impact of those relationships on the economic sector innovative performance would be not significant. The article main conclusion is that state incentives through laws and other public measures cannot, by themselves, overcome unfavorable features that are present in society.
Injection Dynamics of Needle-Free Liquid Jet Injection
Creators: Henley, Anna
Gao, Qiman
He, Zixin
Groen, Swen
Menassa, Karim
Taher, Rani
Mongeau, Luc
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2022

Conference abstract. Part of the Proceedings of the Canadian Society for Mechanical Engineering International Congress 2022.
Role of Pyridine as a Biomimetic Organo-Hydride for Homogeneous Reduction of CO2 to Methanol
Creators: name: Lim, Chern-Hooi
name: Holder, Aaron M.
name: Hynes, James T.
name: Musgrave, Charles B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use quantum chemical calculations to elucidate a viable homogeneous mechanism for pyridine-catalyzed reduction of CO2 to methanol. In the first component of the catalytic cycle, pyridine (Py) undergoes a H+ transfer (PT) to form pyridinium (PyH+) followed by an e- transfer (ET) to produce pyridinium radical (PyH0). Examples of systems to effect this ET to populate the LUMO of PyH+(E0calc ~ -1.3V vs. SCE) to form the solution phase PyH0 via highly reducing electrons include the photo-electrochemical p-GaP system (ECBM ~ -1.5V vs. SCE at pH= 5) and the photochemical [Ru(phen)3]2+/ascorbate system. We predict that PyH0 undergoes further PT-ET steps to form the key closed-shell, dearomatized 1,2-dihydropyridine (PyH2) species. Our proposed sequential PT-ET-PT-ET mechanism transforming Py into PyH2 is consistent with the mechanism described in the formation of related dihydropyridines. Because it is driven by its proclivity to regain aromaticity, PyH2 is a potent recyclable organo-hydride donor that mimics the role of NADPH in the formation of C-H bonds in the photosynthetic CO2 reduction process. In particular, in the second component of the catalytic cycle, we predict that the PyH2/Py redox couple is kinetically and thermodynamically competent in catalytically effecting hydride and proton transfers (the latter often mediated by a proton relay chain) to CO2 and its two succeeding intermediates, namely formic acid and formaldehyde, to ultimately form CH3OH. The hydride and proton transfers for the first reduction step, i.e. reduction of CO2, are sequential in nature; by contrast, they are coupled in each of the two subsequent hydride and proton transfers to reduce formic acid and formaldehyde.
Designing Facilities to Improve Flexibility: Zone-based Dynamic Facility Layout with Embedded Input/Output Points
Creators: name: Kulturel-Konak, Sadan
name: Konak, Abdullah
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper considers solving the unequal area Dynamic Facility Layout Problem (DFLP) using a zone-based structure. Zone-based layouts have significant advantages, such as being easily transferable to a detailed layout with innately included possible aisle structures; therefore, they can be fitted to the unique needs of the layout designers. The unequal area DFLP is modeled and solved using a zone-based structure, which is referred to as ZDFLP, where the dimensions of the departments and material handling system input/output (I/O) points are decision variables. A two-phase matheuristic, which directly operates on Problem ZDFLP without requiring an encoding scheme of the problem, is proposed to solve the ZDFLP with promising results.
Dynamic screening of an ion in a degenerate electron gas within the second-order Born approximation
Creators: name: Nersisyan, Hrachya B.
name: Fernández-Varea, José M.
name: Arista, Néstor R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dynamic Friedel sum rule (FSR) is derived within the second-order Born (B2) approximation for an ion that moves in a fully degenerate electron gas and for an arbitrary spherically-symmetric electron-ion interaction potential. This results in an implicit equation for the dynamic B2 screening parameter which depends on the ion atomic number $Z_{1}$ unlike the first-order Born (B1) dynamic screening parameter reported earlier by some authors. Furthermore, for typical metallic densities our analytical results for the Yukawa and hydrogenic potentials are compared, for both positive and negative ions, to the exact screening parameters calculated self-consistently by imposing the exact dynamic FSR requirement to the scattering phase shifts. The B1 and B2 screening parameters agree excellently with the exact values at large velocities, while at moderate and low velocities the B1 approximation deviates from the exact solution whereas the B2 approximation still remains close to it. In addition, a Padé approximant to the Born series yields a further improvement of the perturbative approach, showing an excellent agreement on the whole velocity range in the case of antiprotons.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure
Towards frugal unsupervised detection of subtle abnormalities in medical imaging
Creators: name: Oudoumanessah, Geoffroy
name: Lartizien, Carole
name: Dojat, Michel
name: Forbes, Florence
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Anomaly detection in medical imaging is a challenging task in contexts where abnormalities are not annotated. This problem can be addressed through unsupervised anomaly detection (UAD) methods, which identify features that do not match with a reference model of normal profiles. Artificial neural networks have been extensively used for UAD but they do not generally achieve an optimal trade-o$\hookleftarrow$ between accuracy and computational demand. As an alternative, we investigate mixtures of probability distributions whose versatility has been widely recognized for a variety of data and tasks, while not requiring excessive design e$\hookleftarrow$ort or tuning. Their expressivity makes them good candidates to account for complex multivariate reference models. Their much smaller number of parameters makes them more amenable to interpretation and e cient learning. However, standard estimation procedures, such as the Expectation-Maximization algorithm, do not scale well to large data volumes as they require high memory usage. To address this issue, we propose to incrementally compute inferential quantities. This online approach is illustrated on the challenging detection of subtle abnormalities in MR brain scans for the follow-up of newly diagnosed Parkinsonian patients. The identified structural abnormalities are consistent with the disease progression, as accounted by the Hoehn and Yahr scale.
Properties of group-IV-based ferromagnetic semiconductor GeFe: Growth temperature dependence, lattice constant, location of Fe atoms, and their relevance to the magnetic properties
Creators: name: Wakabayashi, Yuki
name: Ohya, Shinobu
name: Ban, Yoshisuke
name: Tanaka, Masaaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the growth temperature dependence of the properties of the group-IV-based ferromagnetic semiconductor Ge1-xFex films (x = 6.5% and 10.5%), including the lattice constant, Curie temperature (TC), and Fe-atom locations. While TC strongly depends on the growth temperature, we find a universal relationship between TC and the lattice constant, which does not depend on the Fe content x. By using the channeling Rutherford backscattering and particle-induced X-ray emission measurements, it is clarified that about 15% of the Fe atoms exist in the tetrahedral interstitial sites in the Ge0.935Fe0.065 lattice and that the substitutional Fe concentration is not correlated with TC. Considering these results, we suggest that the non-uniformity of the Fe concentration plays an important role in determining the ferromagnetic properties of GeFe.
U-Pb zircon age and mineralogy of St. Georgen halloysite tuff shed light on the timing of the middle Badenian (mid-Langhian) transgression, ash dispersal, and paleoenvironmental conditions in the southern Vienna Basin, Austria
Creators: name: Šegvić, Branimir
name: Lukács, Réka
name: Mandic, Oleg
name: Strauss, Phillipp
name: Badurina, Luka
name: Guillong, Marcel
name: Harzhauser, Mathias
Publisher: name: Geological Society of London
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Supplementary Table 1
Wandernde Dinge als Assemblagen. Neo-Materialistische Perspektiven zum ‚römischen Import‘ im ‚mitteldeutschen Barbaricum‘
Creators: name: Schreiber, Stefan
Publisher: name: Edition Topoi
Year: 2018

description: Als ‘Importe’ gelten archäologische Phänomene, wenn sie fern ihres vermuteten Herstellungsortes gefunden werden. Diese Charakterisierung beruht auf einem starren Objektbegriff und wird der Vielschichtigkeit von Dingen und ihren Beziehungsgefügen nicht gerecht. Daher werden in diesem Buch Dinge als Assemblagen verstanden und nicht als Objekte. Solche Assemblagen sind heterogen, symbolhaft und materiell zugleich. Ausgehend von dieser Konzeption wird der Charakter von ‘Importen‘ als spezifische Assemblagen neu untersucht. Am Beispiel ‘römischer Importe‘, die im ’mitteldeutschen Barbaricum‘ gefunden wurden, wird den jeweiligen Beziehungsgefügen nachgegangen. Diese sind nicht fix, sondern verändern sich beständig, sowohl durch vergangene Praktiken, als auch wissenschaftliche Untersuchungen. Zur Beschreibung jener Veränderungen wird eine erkenntnistheoretische Figuration der Wanderin entworfen. Sie macht nicht nur ‘römischen Import’ als Assemblage beschreibbar; sie weist auch über ihn hinaus und ist für die Charakterisierung anderer wandernder Dinge anschlussfähig.
Design and performance of a F/#-conversion microlens for Prime Focus Spectrograph at Subaru Telescope
Creators: name: Takato, Naruhisa
name: Tanaka, Yoko
name: Gunn, James E.
name: Tamura, Naoyuki
name: Shimono, Atsushi
name: Sugai, Hajime
name: Karoji, Hiroshi
name: Ueda, Akitoshi
name: Waseda, Kouichi
name: Kimura, Masahiko
name: Ohyama, Youichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The PFS is a multi-object spectrograph fed by 2394 fibers at the prime focus of Subaru telescope. Since the F/# at the prime focus is too fast for the spectrograph, we designed a small concave-plano negative lens to be attached to the tip of each fiber that converts the telescope beam (F/2.2) to F/2.8. We optimized the lens to maximize the number of rays that can be confined inside F/2.8 while maintaining a 1.28 magnification. The microlenses are manufactured by glass molding, and an ultra-broadband AR coating (<1.5% for lambda=0.38-1.26 um) will be applied to the front surface.
description: 7 pages, 8 figures, SPIE2014
Magnetohydrodynamic normal mode analysis of plasma with equilibrium pressure anisotropy
Creators: name: Fitzgerald, M.
name: Hole, M. J.
name: Qu, Z. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we generalise linear magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) stability theory to include equilibrium pressure anisotropy in the fluid part of the analysis. A novel 'single-adiabatic' (SA) fluid closure is presented which is complementary to the usual 'double-adiabatic' (CGL) model and has the advantage of naturally reproducing exactly the MHD spectrum in the isotropic limit. As with MHD and CGL, the SA model neglects the anisotropic perturbed pressure and thus loses non-local fast-particle stabilisation present in the kinetic approach. Another interesting aspect of this new approach is that the stabilising terms appear naturally as separate viscous corrections leaving the isotropic SA closure unchanged. After verifying the self-consistency of the SA model, we re-derive the projected linear MHD set of equations required for stability analysis of tokamaks in the MISHKA code. The cylindrical wave equation is derived analytically as done previously in the spectral theory of MHD and clear predictions are made for the modification to fast-magnetosonic and slow ion sound speeds due to equilibrium anisotropy.
description: 19 pages. This is an author-created, un-copyedited version of an article submitted for publication in Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion. IOP Publishing Ltd is not responsible for any errors or omissions in this version of the manuscript or any version derived from it
Do Simple Infinitesimal Parts Solve Zeno's Paradox of Measure?
Creators: name: Chen, Lu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I develop a new view of the structure of space--called infinitesimal atomism--as a reply to Zeno's paradox of measure. According to this view, space is composed of ultimate parts with infinitesimal size, where infinitesimals are understood within the framework of Robinson's nonstandard analysis. Notably, this view satisfies a version of additivity: for every region that has a size, its size is the sum of the sizes of its disjoint parts. In particular, the size of a finite region is the sum of the sizes of its infinitesimal parts. Although this view is a coherent approach to Zeno's paradox and is preferable to Skyrms's (1983) infinitesimal approach, it faces both the main problem for the standard view (the problem of unmeasurable regions) and the main problem for finite atomism (Weyl's tile argument), leaving it with no clear advantage over these familiar alternatives.
U-Pb zircon age and mineralogy of St. Georgen halloysite tuff shed light on the timing of the middle Badenian (mid-Langhian) transgression, ash dispersal, and paleoenvironmental conditions in the southern Vienna Basin, Austria
Creators: name: Šegvić, Branimir
name: Lukács, Réka
name: Mandic, Oleg
name: Strauss, Phillipp
name: Badurina, Luka
name: Guillong, Marcel
name: Harzhauser, Mathias
Publisher: name: Geological Society of London
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Supplementary Figure 2
Stabilization of stochastic dynamical systems of a random structure with Markov switches and Poisson perturbations
Creators: name: Lukashiv, Taras
name: Litvinchuk, Yuliia
name: Malyk, Igor
name: Golebiewska, Anna
name: Nazarov, Petr V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60J25, 93C73, 93E03, 93E15

description: An optimal control for a dynamical system optimizes a certain objective function. Here we consider the construction of an optimal control for a stochastic dynamical system with a random structure, Poisson perturbations and random jumps, which makes the system stable in probability. Sufficient conditions of the stability in probability are obtained, using the second Lyapunov method, in which the construction of the corresponding functions plays an important role. Here we provide a solution to the problem of optimal stabilization in a general case. For a linear system with a quadratic quality function, we give a method of synthesis of optimal control based on the solution of Riccati equations. Finally, in an autonomous case, a system of differential equations was constructed to obtain unknown matrices that are used for the building of an optimal control. The method of a small parameter is justified for the algorithmic search of an optimal control. This approach brings a novel solution to the problem of optimal stabilization for a stochastic dynamical system with a random structure, Markov switches and Poisson perturbations.
description: 15 pages, 0 figures, 25 references
Design of a New Mechanism for a Hand Exoskeleton
Creators: Chao, Elizabeth
Qiu, Weilin
Estaji, Zeinab
Nasiri, Rezvan
Rouhani, Hossein
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2022

Conference Abstract. Part of the Proceedings of the Canadian Society for Mechanical Engineering International Congress 2022.
Infinitesimal Gunk
Creators: name: Chen, Lu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, I advance an original view of the structure of space called \textit{Infinitesimal Gunk}. This view says that every region of space can be further divided and some regions have infinitesimal size, where infinitesimals are understood in the framework of Robinson's (1966) nonstandard analysis. This view, I argue, provides a novel reply to the inconsistency arguments proposed by Arntzenius (2008) and Russell (2008), which have troubled a more familiar gunky approach. Moreover, it has important advantages over the alternative views these authors suggested. Unlike Arntzenius's proposal, it does not introduce regions with no interior. It also has a much richer measure theory than Russell's proposal and does not retreat to mere finite additivity.
title: Διερεύνηση του επιπέδου των γνώσεων του διαβητικού ασθενούς ή του φροντιστή του για την επιπλοκή που αφορά στο διαβητικό πόδι
titleType: AlternativeTitle
title: Investigation of the level of knowledge of the diabetic patient or his carers for the complication of the diabetic foot
Creators: name: Καλοπήτα, Ευσταθία
Publisher: name: University of Thessaly
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Διαβητικό πόδι
subject: Διαβήτης
subject: Νοσηλευτές και νοσηλευτική

description: Σημείωση: διατίθεται συμπληρωματικό υλικό σε ξεχωριστό αρχείο.
U-Pb zircon age and mineralogy of St. Georgen halloysite tuff shed light on the timing of the middle Badenian (mid-Langhian) transgression, ash dispersal, and paleoenvironmental conditions in the southern Vienna Basin, Austria
Creators: name: Šegvić, Branimir
name: Lukács, Réka
name: Mandic, Oleg
name: Strauss, Phillipp
name: Badurina, Luka
name: Guillong, Marcel
name: Harzhauser, Mathias
Publisher: name: Geological Society of London
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Supplementary Table 2
Three-dimensional accelerating AdS black holes in $F(R)$ gravity
Creators: name: Panah, B. Eslam
name: Khorasani, M.
name: Sedaghat, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Considering a three-dimensional $C-$metric, we obtain the exact accelerating black holes in the $F(R)$ theory of gravity coupled with and without a matter field. First, we extract uncharged accelerating AdS black hole solutions in $F(R)$ gravity. Then, we study the effects of various parameters on metric function, roots, and the temperature of these black holes. The temperature is always positive for the radii less than $\frac{1}{α}$, and it is negative for the radii more than $\frac{1}{α}$. We extend our study by coupling nonlinear electrodynamics as a matter filed to $F(R)$ gravity to obtain charged black holes in this theory. Next, we evaluate the effects of different parameters such as the electrical charge, accelerating parameter, angular, $F(R)$ gravity, and scalar curvature on the obtained solutions, roots, and temperature of three-dimensional charged accelerating AdS black holes. The results indicate that there is a root in which it depends on various parameters. The temperature of these black holes is positive after this root.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures
Switching of magnetic domains reveals evidence for spatially inhomogeneous superconductivity
Creators: name: Gerber, Simon
name: Bartkowiak, Marek
name: Gavilano, Jorge L.
name: Ressouche, Eric
name: Egetenmeyer, Nikola
name: Niedermayer, Christof
name: Bianchi, Andrea D.
name: Movshovich, Roman
name: Bauer, Eric D.
name: Thompson, Joe D.
name: Kenzelmann, Michel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The interplay of magnetic and charge fluctuations can lead to quantum phases with exceptional electronic properties. A case in point is magnetically-driven superconductivity, where magnetic correlations fundamentally affect the underlying symmetry and generate new physical properties. The superconducting wave-function in most known magnetic superconductors does not break translational symmetry. However, it has been predicted that modulated triplet p-wave superconductivity occurs in singlet d-wave superconductors with spin-density wave (SDW) order. Here we report evidence for the presence of a spatially inhomogeneous p-wave Cooper pair-density wave (PDW) in CeCoIn5. We show that the SDW domains can be switched completely by a tiny change of the magnetic field direction, which is naturally explained by the presence of triplet superconductivity. Further, the Q-phase emerges in a common magneto-superconducting quantum critical point. The Q-phase of CeCoIn5 thus represents an example where spatially modulated superconductivity is associated with SDW order.
Comparison of Communities Detection Algorithms for Multiplex
Creators: name: Loe, Chuan Wen
name: Jensen, Henrik Jeldtoft
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Multiplex is a set of graphs on the same vertex set, i.e. $\{G(V,E_1),\ldots,G(V,E_m)\}$. It is a generalized graph to model multiple relationships with parallel edges between vertices. This paper is a literature review of existing communities detection algorithms for multiplex and a comparative analysis of them.
Einstein, Barcelona, Symmetry & Cosmology: The Birth of an Equation for the Universe
Creators: name: Elizalde, Emilio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Albert Einstein visited Spain only once, precisely one hundred years ago. The circumstances, of a very different kind, of this visit will be explained here. In special, some important events happened to Einstein during that period, which, eventually, were key for converting modern cosmology into a genuine physical theory. Among them is the famous Einstein-Friedmann controversy, first, on the mathematical validity of Friedmann's equations and, later, their possible usefulness as a reliable tool to describe the real world. A summary of the deepest ideas underlying Einstein's contributions to the theory of relativity, which he had already completed before his visit, will precede the discussion, also supplemented with a description, in very simple terms, of the three main relativistic theories, namely Galileo's one, and Einstein's special and general theory. They pave the way towards a definitive theory of total relativity, so far unattainable. It will be recalled that the most general relativity principle, faithfully reflecting Ernst Mach's far-reaching ideas, might have much to do with the symmetry-breaking paradigm, a most crucial tool in quantum field theory and high energy physics.
description: 30 pages, 16 figures
Rhombohedral and Turbostratic Boron Nitride Polytypes Investigated by X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy
Creators: name: Olovsson, Weine
name: Magnuson, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The electronic structure of rhombohedral sp2 hybridized boron nitride (r-BN) is characterized by X-ray absorption near-edge structure spectroscopy. Measurements are performed at the boron and nitrogen K-edges (1s) and interpreted with first-principles density functional theory calculations, including final state effects by applying a core-hole. We show that it is possible to distinguish between different 2D planar polytypes such as rhombohedral, twinned rhombohedral, hexagonal and turbostratic BN by the difference in chemical shifts. In particular, the chemical shift at the B 1s-edge is shown to be significant for the turbostratic polytype. This implies that the band gap can be tuned by a superposition of different polytypes and stacking of lattice planes.
description: 9 pages, 9 figures, 1 table; https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.jpcc.2c06895
Dynamics of a spherical self-propelled tracer in a polymeric medium: interplay of self-propulsion, stickiness, and crowding
Creators: name: Yadav, Ramanand Singh
name: Das, Chintu
name: Chakrabarti, Rajarshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We employ computer simulations to study the dynamics of a self-propelled spherical tracer particle in a viscoelastic medium, made of a long polymer chain. Here, the interplay between viscoelasticity, stickiness, and activity (self-propulsion) brings additional complexity to the tracer dynamics. Our simulation shows that on increasing the stickiness of the tracer particle to the polymer beads, the dynamics of the tracer particle slows down as it gets stuck to the polymer chain, and moves along with it. But with increasing the self-propulsion velocity, the dynamics gets enhanced. In case of increasing stickiness as well as activity, the non-Gaussian parameter (NGP) exhibits non-monotonic behavior, which also shows up in the re-scaled self part of the van-Hove function. Non-Gaussianity results owing to the enhanced binding events, and the sticky motion of the tracer along with the chain with increasing stickiness. On the other hand, with increasing activity, initially non-Gaussianity increases as the tracer moves through the heterogenous polymeric environment but for higher activity, escapes resulting negative NGP. For higher values of stickiness, the trapping time distributions of the passive tracer particle broadens and have long tails. On the other hand, for a given stickiness with increasing self-propulsion force, the same becomes narrower and have short tails. We believe that our current simulation study will be helpful in elucidating the complex motion of activity-driven probes in viscoelastic media.
description: Accepted for Publication in Soft Matter
A NOVEL TESTING APPARATUS FOR INVESTIGATING DYNAMIC  COMPRESSION RESPONSE OF POLYMERIC FOAM AT INTERMEDIATE  STRAIN RATES
Creators: Rahimidehgolan, Foad
Liu, Yue
Altenhof, William
Magliaro, John
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2022

Conference abstract. Part of the Proceedings of the Canadian Society for Mechanical Engineering International Congress 2022.
Coherent backscattering of intense light by cold atoms with degenerate energy levels: Diagrammatic treatment
Creators: name: Shatokhin, V. N.
name: Blattmann, R.
name: Wellens, T.
name: Buchleitner, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a generalization of the diagrammatic pump-probe approach to coherent backscattering (CBS) of intense laser light for atoms with degenerate energy levels. We employ this approach for a characterization of the double scattering signal from optically pumped atoms with the transition $J_g\rightarrow J_e=J_g+1$ in the helicity preserving polarization channel. We show that, in the saturation regime, the internal degeneracy becomes manifest for atoms with $J_g\geq 1$, leading to a faster decrease of the CBS enhancement factor with increasing saturation parameter than in the non-degenerate case.
description: 18 pages, 16 figures
Galaxy formation from a timescale perspective
Creators: name: Laursen, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Timescales in astronomy comprise the largest range of any scientific discipline. In the construction of physical models, this circumstance may both be a blessing and a curse. For example, galaxy evolution occurs on typical timescales of hundreds of millions of years, but is affected by atomic processes on sub-second timescales, posing a challenge in analytical and, in particular, in numerical models. On the other hand, the vast dynamic range implies that we can often make meaningful predictions by simply comparing characteristic timescales of the physical processes involved. This review, aimed primarily at non-astronomer scientists, attempts to highlight some occasions in the context of galaxy formation and evolution in which comparing timescales can shed light on astrophysical phenomena, as well as some of the challenges that may be encountered. In particular we will explore the differences and similarities between theoretical predictions of dark matter halos, and the observed distribution of galaxies. The review concludes with an account of the most recent observations with the James Webb Space Telescope, and how they purportedly seem to defy the timescales of the currently accepted concordance model of the structure and evolution of the Universe, the ΛCDM model.
description: A review-like tale of the physics leading to the formation of galaxies, aimed at non-astronomer scientists, but also of interest to students of astronomy, with several illustrative figures. Published on Springer Mathematics Online First Collections. To appear in the multidisciplinary anthology "Multiplicity of Time Scales in Complex Systems" (ed.: Dr. Bernhelm Booss-Bavnbek, Roskilde University)
Higher Bone Strain Is Related to Knee Pain in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis
Creators: Franco, P.
Burnett, W. D.
Arjmand, H.
McLennan, C. E.
Hazel, D.
Talmo, C.
Wilson, D. R.
Hunter, D. J.
Kontulainen, S. A.
Johnston, J. D.
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2022

Conference Abstract. Part of the Proceedings of the Canadian Society for Mechanical Engineering International Congress 2022.
Gravitational wave from extreme mass-ratio inspirals as a probe of extra dimensions
Creators: name: Rahman, Mostafizur
name: Kumar, Shailesh
name: Bhattacharyya, Arpan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The field of gravitational waves is rapidly progressing due to the noticeable advancements in the sensitivity of gravitational-wave detectors that has enabled the detection prospects of binary black hole mergers. Extreme mass ratio inspiral (EMRI) is one of the most compelling and captivating binary systems in this direction, with the detection possibility by the future space-based gravitational wave detector. In this article, we consider an EMRI system where the primary or the central object is a spherically symmetric static braneworld black hole that carries a \textit{tidal charge} $Q$. We estimate the effect of the tidal charge on total gravitational wave flux and orbital phase due to a non-spinning secondary inspiralling the primary. We further highlight the observational implications of the tidal charge in EMRI waveforms. We show that LISA (Laser Interferometer Space Antenna) observations can put a much stronger constraint on this parameter than black hole shadow and ground-based gravitational wave observations, which can potentially probe the existence of extra dimensions.
description: 27 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables, typos corrected
AGN BLR structure, luminosity and mass from combined Reverberation Mapping and Optical Interferometry observations
Creators: name: Rakshit, Suvendu
name: Petrov, Romain G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Unveiling the structure of the Broad Line Region (BLR) of AGN is critical to understand the quasar phenomenon. Detail study of the geometry and kinematic of these objects can answer the basic questions about the central BH mass, accretion mechanism and rate, growth and evolution history. Observing the response of the BLR clouds to continuum variations, Reverberation Mapping (RM) provides size vs luminosity and mass vs luminosity relations for QSOs and Sy1 AGNs with the goal to use these objects as standard candles and mass tags. However, the RM size can receive different interpretations depending on the assumed geometry and the corresponding mass depends on an unknown geometrical factor as well on the possible confusion between local and global velocity dispersion. From RM alone, the scatter around the mean mass is as large as a factor 3. Though BLRs are expected to be much smaller than the current spatial resolution of large optical interferometers (OI), we show that differential interferometry with AMBER, GRAVITY and successors can measure the size and constrain the geometry and kinematics on a large sample of QSOs and Sy1 AGNs. AMBER and GRAVITY (K around 10.5) could be easily extended up to K equal to 13 by an external coherencer or by advanced incoherent data processing. Future VLTI instrument could reach K around 15. This opens a large AGN BLR program intended to obtain a very accurate calibration of mass, luminosity and distance measurements from RM data which will allow using many QSOs as standard candles and mass tags to study the general evolution of mass accretion in the Universe. This program is analyzed with our BLR model allowing predicting and interpreting RM and OI measures together and illustrated with the results of our observations of 3C273 with the VLTI.
description: SPIE Astronomical Telescopes and Instrumentation conference, June 2014, Paper ID 9146-25, 15 pages, 4 Figures; doi:10.1117/12.2056436
U-Pb zircon age and mineralogy of St. Georgen halloysite tuff shed light on the timing of the middle Badenian (mid-Langhian) transgression, ash dispersal, and paleoenvironmental conditions in the southern Vienna Basin, Austria
Creators: name: Šegvić, Branimir
name: Lukács, Réka
name: Mandic, Oleg
name: Strauss, Phillipp
name: Badurina, Luka
name: Guillong, Marcel
name: Harzhauser, Mathias
Publisher: name: Geological Society of London
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Supplementary Figure 1
A generalization of the Banach-Steinhaus theorem for finite part limits
Creators: name: Estrada, Ricardo
name: Vindas, Jasson
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46A04, 46A13

description: It is well known, as follows from the Banach-Steinhaus theorem, that if a sequence $\left\{y_{n}\right\}_{n=1}^{\infty}$ of linear continuous functionals in a Fréchet space converges pointwise to a linear functional $Y,$ $Y\left( x\right) =\lim_{n\rightarrow\infty}\left\langle y_{n},x\right\rangle $ for all $x,$ then $Y$ is actually continuous. In this article we prove that in a Fréchet space the continuity of $Y$ still holds if $Y$ is the \emph{finite part} of the limit of $\left\langle y_{n},x\right\rangle $ as $n\rightarrow\infty.$ We also show that the continuity of finite part limits holds for other classes of topological vector spaces, such as LF-spaces, DFS-spaces, and DFS$^{\ast}$-spaces, and give examples where it does not hold.
description: 13 pages
Monthly quasi-periodic eruptions from repeated stellar disruption by a massive black hole
Creators: name: Evans, P. A.
name: Nixon, C. J.
name: Campana, S.
name: Charalampopoulos, P.
name: Perley, D. A.
name: Breeveld, A. A.
name: Page, K. L.
name: Oates, S. R.
name: Eyles-Ferris, R. A. J.
name: Malesani, D. B.
name: Izzo, L.
name: Goad, M. R.
name: O'Brien, P. T.
name: Osborne, J. P.
name: Sbarufatti, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In recent years, searches of archival X-ray data have revealed galaxies exhibiting nuclear quasi-periodic eruptions with periods of several hours. These are reminiscent of the tidal disruption of a star by a supermassive black hole, and the repeated, partial stripping of a white dwarf in an eccentric orbit around a ~10^5 solar mass black hole provides an attractive model. A separate class of periodic nuclear transients, with significantly longer timescales, have recently been discovered optically, and may arise from the partial stripping of a main-sequence star by a ~10^7 solar mass black hole. No clear connection between these classes has been made. We present the discovery of an X-ray nuclear transient which shows quasi-periodic outbursts with a period of weeks. We discuss possible origins for the emission, and propose that this system bridges the two existing classes outlined above. This discovery was made possible by the rapid identification, dissemination and follow up of an X-ray transient found by the new live \swift-XRT transient detector, demonstrating the importance of low-latency, sensitive searches for X-ray transients.
description: To be published in Nature Astronomy at 1600 BST on September 7th. This version for arXiv includes the main article, Methods and Supplementary Information combined into a single file
Le realtà del diritto. Istituzioni, spazi e forme della normatività
Creators: name: Nigro, Carmelo
Publisher: name: Universita degli studi di Salerno
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: IUS/20 FILOSOFIA DEL DIRITTO
subject: Istituzionalismo giuriidico
subject: Pluralismo
subject: Teoria del Diritto

description: 2016 - 2017
description: The present work aims at reweigh those juridical categories which have been the modern-day object of formative discourses in so far as it acknowledges the current metamorphoses in the realm of political, social and institutional constructions. As a matter of fact, the wide spreading perception of a leap of paradigms in the fixed order and the sequence of ongoing transformations have influenced the contemporary times in such a way as to label these the «liquid modernity». Moreover, far from becoming an exception of this systematic liquidity, today the law is one of the social phenomena with the widest fields of applicability. This is due to its very nature - the deep bond with the social life it should define- that shapes it in response to the social variations. Therefore, today more than ever the comprehension of the very nature of law would mean understanding its progressive shape-shifting features. Such premises ushers the modes of operation- movements rather than positions, the leaps rather than the continuity- on which this work is based. After having briefly traced the main phases of the modern experience, the first chapter rejoins the current historical and political experience and emphasizes its adaptations on a more theoretical level. Clearly, in regard of such study, one of the most interesting theory, among the many advanced in the recent years, is that of Saskia Sassen. Indeed, she applies the three- element-paradigm -territory, authority, rights- as the lamp of her analytical discourse. She claims that as long as their capacity are completely developed in a-some-sort-of heterogeneity, the historical transformations would be but assembling and disassembling the three mentioned elements. Specifically, in reference to the advancement from the national to the global assemblage, the sovereignty itself would developed certain capacity that are the fundamental key in the process of denationalization, as well as in the consequent coexistence of new scales over that of the Modern State. Thereafter the author emphasizes the extended role of the metropolises in mapping political, economic and social geographie... [edited by Author]
Towards User Guided Actionable Recourse
Creators: name: Yetukuri, Jayanth
name: Hardy, Ian
name: Liu, Yang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Machine Learning's proliferation in critical fields such as healthcare, banking, and criminal justice has motivated the creation of tools which ensure trust and transparency in ML models. One such tool is Actionable Recourse (AR) for negatively impacted users. AR describes recommendations of cost-efficient changes to a user's actionable features to help them obtain favorable outcomes. Existing approaches for providing recourse optimize for properties such as proximity, sparsity, validity, and distance-based costs. However, an often-overlooked but crucial requirement for actionability is a consideration of User Preference to guide the recourse generation process. In this work, we attempt to capture user preferences via soft constraints in three simple forms: i) scoring continuous features, ii) bounding feature values and iii) ranking categorical features. Finally, we propose a gradient-based approach to identify User Preferred Actionable Recourse (UP-AR). We carried out extensive experiments to verify the effectiveness of our approach.
Human Hand Model Development:  Towards a Dynamical Simulation Platform for a Hand Exoskeleton Design
Creators: Qiu, Weilin
Martinez, Karla Beltran
Nasiri, Rezvan
Rouhani, Hossein
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2022

Conference abstract. Part of the Proceedings of the Canadian Society for Mechanical Engineering International Congress 2022.
Tidal dissipation in stars and giant planets
Creators: name: Ogilvie, Gordon I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Astrophysical fluid bodies that orbit close to one another induce tidal distortions and flows that are subject to dissipative processes. The spin and orbital motions undergo a coupled evolution over astronomical timescales, which is relevant for many types of binary star, short-period extrasolar planetary systems and the satellites of the giant planets in the solar system. I review the principal mechanisms that have been discussed for tidal dissipation in stars and giant planets in both linear and nonlinear regimes. I also compare the expectations based on theoretical models with recent observational findings.
description: 46 pages, 10 figures, to be published in Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Volume 52