cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
KEYNOTE ADDRESS: The roles of agriculture and mining in pro-poor sustainable development in Africa
Creators: name: Mogae, Festus G.
name: Mogae, Festus G.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
International Development

description: Africa has an abundance of energy and mineral assets and agricultural land. In spite of the variety of outlooks across its numerous countries there is a common understanding that these natural resources need to be used carefully and thoughtfully if there is to be sustainable development across Africa as a whole, especially pro-poor sustainable development. Botswana has poor soils and climate for agricultural production, but it has developed some of its other resources. That development, combined with far-sighted policy, has taken Botswana from being one of the world’s least developed countries in 1966 at independence, to a middle-income economy now. Agriculture makes a small contribution to economic growth, while mining, manufacturing, construction, trade and hotels contribute much more. Botswana currently has mines for diamonds, copper, nickel, coal, gold and various industrial minerals used in the construction industry. Its mineral policies enable many international companies to prospect for and mine these minerals. Competitive mining laws, low sovereign and social risks, relatively good infrastructure and easy access to land, security of tenure, and low levels of corruption, are among reasons for Botswana having a favourable reputation with international investors. Still, the country’s climate and soils make agriculture challenging, and Botswana focuses on food security rather than food self-sufficiency. It remains heavily dependent on mineral revenue.
Spin fluctuations and pseudogap in the two-dimensional half-filled Hubbard model at weak coupling
Creators: name: Dupuis, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Starting from the Hubbard model in the weak-coupling limit, we derive a spin-fermion model where the collective spin excitations are described by a non-linear sigma model. This result is used to compute the fermion spectral function $A({\bf k},ω)$ in the low-temperature regime where the antiferromagnetic (AF) coherence length is exponentially large (``renormalized classical'' regime). At the Fermi level, $A({\bf k}_F,ω)$ exhibits two peaks around $\pmΔ_0$ (with $Δ_0$ the mean-field gap), which are precursors of the zero-temperature AF bands, separated by a pseudogap.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures, revised version
Integrating mining into the economies of Africa
Creators: name: Mtegha, Hudson
name: Mtegha, Hudson
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: International Development
International Relations/Trade
Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: Africa’s abundant mineral resources offer opportunities for its countries’ governments to work with mining companies so that minerals exploitation can benefit both company and country. Well-managed mineral exploitation can underpin broad-based sustainable growth and socioeconomic development, in the words of the Africa Mining Vision (AMV) of 2009. An Action Plan for Implementing the AMV (2011) has set out strategies for developing mineral management systems and institutions through which Africa can benefit from its mineral resources, and it is now being implemented by the African Minerals Development Centre which has begun work in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, within the UN Economic Commission for Africa (UNECA). The Centre’s task is to build strategies and policies to support sustainable development. Stakeholder relations, both with investing companies and affected communities, are critical, as also is careful forethought about social and environmental impacts, legislation, infrastructure and adaptation of technologies to bring modern tools and practices to African agriculture.
Braided Hopf algebras arising from matched pairs of groups
Creators: name: Andruskiewitsch, Nicolas
name: Natale, Sonia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 16W30

description: Let k be a field. Let also (F, G) be a matched pair of groups. We give necessary and sufficient conditions on a pair (σ, τ) of 2-cocycles in order that the crossed product algebra and the crossed coproduct coalgebra k^G{}^τ#_σ kF combine into a braided Hopf algebra. We also discuss diagonal realizations of such braided Hopf algebras in the category of Yetter-Drinfeld modules over a finite group.
description: 25 pages, to appear in J. of Pure and Applied Algebra, appendix added at the end of the paper by suggestion of the referee
title: Experimenting with Purchase History Based Price Discrimination: a Comment
Creators: name: Tolksdorf, Michel
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2022

description: Brokesova, Deck and Peliova [Int. J. Ind. Organ. 37 (2014) 229-237] have shown that comparative static results from two-period behavior-based pricing models hold in laboratory experiments, but they observed significant differences from point predictions. We report findings in conformity with these point predictions throughout a uniform pricing benchmark, a replication of Brokesova, Deck and Peliova’s behavior-based pricing treatment and a follow-up experiment. Reference dependence seems to shift participants’ second-period pricing behavior upwards. A post hoc analysis shows that considering myopic consumers instead of strategic consumers explains a downward shift of first-period prices and rationalizes the findings of Brokesova, Deck and Peliova. Volatile price levels affect price-based welfare measures such as sellers’ profits and customers’ total costs. We show that transport costs serve as a robust welfare measure, alleviating the impact of distorted prices. These findings are relevant for the design of experiments and when assessing the efficiency of experimental markets.
The Wilson--Bappu Effect: a tool to determine stellar distances
Creators: name: Pace, Giancarlo
name: Pasquini, Luca
name: Ortolani, Sergio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Wilson and Bappu (1957) have shown the existence of a remarkable correlation between the width of the emission in the core of the K line of Ca II and the absolute visual magnitude of late--type stars. Here we present a new calibration of the Wilson--Bappu effect based on a sample of 119 nearby stars. We use, for the first time, width measurements based on high resolution and high signal to noise ratio CCD spectra and absolute visual magnitudes from the Hipparcos database. Our primary goal is to investigate the possibility of using the Wilson--Bappu effect to determine accurate distances to single stars and groups. The result of our calibration fitting of the Wilson--Bappu relationship is M_V=33.2-18.0*log W_0, and the determination seems free of systematic effects. The root mean square error of the fitting is 0.6 magnitudes. This error is mostly accounted for by measurement errors and intrinsic variability of W_0, but in addition a possible dependence on the metallicity is found, which becomes clearly noticeable for metallicities below [Fe/H]=-0.4. This detection is possible because in our sample [Fe/H] ranges from -1.5 to 0.4. The Wilson--Bappu effect can be used confidently for all metallicities not lower than -0.4, including the LMC. While it does not provide accurate distances to single stars, it is a useful tool to determine accurate distances to clusters and aggregates, where a sufficient number of stars can be observed. We apply the Wilson--Bappu effect to published data of the open cluster M67; the retrieved distance modulus is of 9.65 magnitude, in very good agreement with the best distance estimations for this cluster, based on main sequence fitting.
description: 19 pages, 7 figure, accepted by A&A
Spinor vertexes and bubbles in the "old" conformal bootstrap on AdS and FMH problem: Yukawa model
Creators: name: Altshuler, Boris L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Attempts to resolve the longstanding Fermion mass hierarchy (FMH) problem in frames of the AdS/CFT correspondence demand the knowledge of bulk fermion masses. The approach of the "old" conformal bootstrap in AdS context permitted to calculate bulk masses of scalar fields [1], [2]. In the present paper this approach is extended to physically more interesting spin 1/2 bulk fields. Calculation of spinor-scalar vertices is performed in physical AdS space, and unexpectedly simple expressions for spinor-scalar bubbles (2-point one-loop self-energy Witten diagrams) are obtained. The "double-trace from UV to IR flow" subtraction of UV divergences used earlier in calculations of the UV-finite bulk tadpoles is applied to bubbles. This permitted to write down in frame of the "old" conformal bootstrap approach the nontrivial spectral equations for the bulk fermion masses; SU(N) Yukawa model of spinor fields interacting with conformal invariant scalar field in case of four boundary dimensions is considered as a specific example.
description: 38 pages, replaced version includes essential corrections in references pointed out by the Phys. Rev. referee
Additional file 1 of Impact of Bi Doping into Boron Nitride Nanosheets on Electronic and Optical Properties Using Theoretical Calculations and Experiments
Creators: name: Ikram, Muhammad
name: Wakeel, Muhammad
name: Jahanzeb Hassan
name: Haider, Ali
name: Naz, Sadia
name: Ul-Hamid, Anwar
name: Junaid Haider
name: Salamat Ali
name: Goumri-Said, Souraya
name: Kanoun, Mohammed Benali
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 1. Supplementary Materials.
Spin-density-wave instabilities in the organic conductor (TMTSF)_2ClO_4: Role of anion ordering
Creators: name: Sengupta, K.
name: Dupuis, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the spin-density-wave instabilities in the quasi-one-dimensional conductor (TMTSF)_2ClO_4. The orientational order of the anions ClO_4 doubles the unit cell and leads to the presence of two electrnic bands at the Fermi level. From the Ginzburg-Landau expansion of the free energy, we determine the low-temperature phase diagram as a function of the strength of the Coulomb potential due to the anions. Upon increasing the anion potential, we first find a SDW phase corresponding to an interband pairing. This SDW phase is rapidly supressed, the metallic phase being then stable down to zero temperature. The SDW instability is restored when the anion potential becomes of the order of the hopping amplitude. The metal-SDW transition corresponds to an intraband pairing which leaves half of the Fermi surface metallic. At lower temperature, a second transition, corresponding to the other intraband pairing, takes place and opens a gap on the whole Fermi surface. We discuss the consequences of our results for the experimental phase diagram of (TMTSF)_2ClO_4 at high magnetic field.
description: 13 pages, 10 figures, Version 2 with minor corrections
GAMBIT and its Application in the Search for Physics Beyond the Standard Model
Creators: name: Kvellestad, Anders
name: Scott, Pat
name: White, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Global and Modular Beyond-Standard Model Inference Tool (GAMBIT) is an open source software framework for performing global statistical fits of particle physics models, using a wide range of particle and astroparticle data. In this review, we describe the design principles of the package, the statistical and sampling frameworks, the experimental data included, and the first two years of physics results generated with it. This includes supersymmetric models, axion theories, Higgs portal dark matter scenarios and an extension of the Standard Model to include right-handed neutrinos. Owing to the broad spectrum of physics scenarios tackled by the GAMBIT community, this also serves as a convenient, self-contained review of the current experimental and theoretical status of the most popular models of dark matter.
description: 108 pages, 28 figures, 3 tables; matches version accepted by Progress in Particle and Nuclear Physics; v3 includes a small correction to the acknowledgements
Additional file 1 of IDEAS: individual level differential expression analysis for single-cell RNA-seq data
Creators: name: Zhang, Mengqi
name: Liu, Si
name: Miao, Zhen
name: Han, Fang
name: Gottardo, Raphael
name: Sun, Wei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health
subject: Hematology
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 1 Supplementary Methods and Results.
Industry and infrastructure can contribute substantially to African economic growth
Creators: name: Ngwenya, Sindiso Ndema
name: Ngwenya, Sindiso Ndema
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: Industrial Organization
International Development

description: Africa has potential for economic growth from agricultural production as well as from mineral exploitation. Currently, the continent’s economic growth is unbalanced: some countries have much higher average growth than others. With the population expected to double by 2050, much more focus is needed on not only export earnings but also on food production and jobs creation. Industry policy and infrastructure development can change the balance and ensure jobs for Africans across all groups. Mineral resources exported as raw materials bring in income and lead to economic growth, but by value-adding before export Africa could not only earn much more income but also create many times more jobs. For example, one ton of raw iron ore may be worth USD140, but partial processing will not only multiply its export value but also provide five times as many jobs, or 100 times as many jobs if the iron is manufactured into semi-finished goods before export. Africa can go part of the way in value-adding. First it needs to have a policy environment that supports industry and trade. COMESA (Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa) is working towards facilitation of trade across borders, and improved infrastructure, transport and transit of goods. There is potential for transport corridors and industry clusters to play important roles in future exporting based on the minerals industry.
Pedum Bruguiere 1792
Creators: name: Dijkstra, Henk H.
name: Beu, Alan G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Bivalvia
Pectinida
Pectinidae
Pedum

description: Pedum Bruguière, 1792
 Pedum Bruguière, 1792: pl. 178, figs 1–4 (ICZN, 1999: 17, Article 12.2.7; P. Bouchet, MNHN, pers. comm.). Type species (by subsequent monotypy, Lamarck, 1799: 88): Ostrea spondyloidea Lamarck, 1799 (ICZN, 1999: 73, Article 69.3) (= Ostrea spondyloidea Gmelin, 1791); Recent, tropical Indo-West Pacific.
 Diagnosis. Coral-embedded, dorso-ventrally elongate Pedini with a flattened left valve and weakly convex right valve; microsculpture of numerous scabrous radial riblets and closely arranged commarginal lamellae; anterior auricle strongly curved in late ontogeny, posterior auricle almost absent; hinge teeth lacking, resilial insertions high and narrow, ligament migrating strongly in postero-ventral direction; byssal fasciole broad, byssal gape very wide; ctenolium present early in ontogeny, absent late in ontogeny.
 Distribution. Pleistocene and Recent; Pleistocene of Massaua, Eritrea (Selli, 1973). Tropical Indo-West Pacific, living in the littoral zone embedded in massive hard corals.
 Discussion. Hertlein (1969: N364) placed Pedum in the suprageneric Hinnites group, Vaught (1989: 119) in Hinnitini. Habe (1977: 92) established a new subfamily Peduminae [sic, emended to Pedinae] of Pectinidae. Waller (1993: 200, 203) placed Pedum in Chlamydini and reduced Pedinae to a synonym, but we here adopt Pedinae and Pedini as the valid senior synonyms.
description: Published as part of Dijkstra, Henk H. & Beu, Alan G., 2018, Living Scallops of Australia and Adjacent Waters (Mollusca: Bivalvia: Pectinoidea: Propeamussiidae, Cyclochlamydidae and Pectinidae), pp. 113-330 in Records of the Australian Museum (Rec. Aust. Mus.) (Rec. Aust. Mus.) 70 (2) on page 253, DOI: 10.3853/j.2201-4349.70.2018.1670, http://zenodo.org/record/5299017
Spin polarization of strongly interacting 2D electrons: the role of disorder
Creators: name: Vitkalov, S. A.
name: Sarachik, M. P.
name: Klapwijk, T. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In high-mobility silicon MOSFET's, the $g^*m^*$ inferred indirectly from magnetoconductance and magnetoresistance measurements with the assumption that $g^*μ_BH_s=2E_F$ are in surprisingly good agreement with $g^*m^*$ obtained by direct measurement of Shubnikov-de Haas oscillations. The enhanced susceptibility $χ^* \propto (g^*m^*)$ exhibits critical behavior of the form $χ^* \propto (n - n_0)^{-α}$. We examine the significance of the field scale $H_s$ derived from transport measurements, and show that this field signals the onset of full spin polarization only in the absence of disorder. Our results suggest that disorder becomes increasingly important as the electron density is reduced toward the transition.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Josephson effects in MgB2 meta masked ion damage junctions
Creators: name: Kang, D. -J.
name: Peng, N. H.
name: Webb, R.
name: Jeynes, C.
name: Yun, J. H.
name: Moon, S. H.
name: Oh, D.
name: Burnell, G.
name: Tarte, E. J.
name: Moore, D. F.
name: Blamire, M. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ion beam damage combined with nanoscale focused ion beam direct milling was used to create manufacturable SNS type Josephson junctions in 100 nm thick MgB$_{2}$ with T$_{C}$ of 38 K. The junctions show non-hysteretic current - voltage characteristics between 36 and 4.2 K. Experimental evidence for the dc and ac Josephson effects in MgB$_{2}$ metal masked ion damage junctions are presented. This technique is particularly useful for prototyping devices due to its simplicity and flexibility of fabrication and has a great potential for high-density integration.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures, RevTeX4, submitted to APL
Influence of Nd on the magnetic properties of Nd1-xCaxMnO3
Creators: name: Dupont, F.
name: Millange, F.
name: de Brion, S.
name: Janossy, A.
name: Chouteau, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The role played by the Nd ions in the magnetic properties of Nd0.5Ca0.5MnO3 and Nd0.7Ca0.3MnO3 is studied using static magnetization, neutron diffraction and high frequency (9.4-475GHz) Electron Spin Resonance. We show that the Nd ions are weakly coupled to the Mn ions via ferromagnetic exchange and are responsible for the peculiar ferromagnetic resonance observed in the FM phase of both compounds (ground state below 120K for x=0.3, high field state for x=0.5). We then use ESR to look for magnetic phase separation in the low field, CO phase of Nd0.5Ca0.5MnO3. We show that there is no trace of the FM phase imbedded in the CO phase, contrary to what is observed in La0.5Ca0.5MnO3 or Pr0.5Sr0.5MnO3.
description: to be published in phys.Rev.B as a Rapid Comm
Market Institutions and Transaction Costs InfluencingTrader Performance in Live Animal Marketing in Rural Ethiopia
Creators: name: Jabbar, Mohammad A.
name: Benin, Samuel
name: Gabremedhin, Eleni
name: Paulos, Zeleka
name: Jabbar, Mohammad A.
name: Benin, Samuel
name: Gabremedhin, Eleni
name: Paulos, Zeleka
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Industrial Organization
subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: trader
subject: transaction costs
subject: animal
subject: marketing
subject: Ethiopia

description: In this paper, the hypothesis that performance of trading firms depends on their assets (physical, financial, human capital and social capital) and trading practices is tested with data from a sample of 131 live animal traders in 38 rural Ethiopian highland markets. Most traders used own capital as access to credit, especially formal credit, was limited. The livestock market was characterised by non-standardised products and lack of information in the public domain about supply, demand and prices. Consequently, livestock trading was largely a personalised business though brokers and regular buyers and sellers, a form of social capital, were sometimes used for gathering information, searching buyers/sellers,price negotiation and contract enforcement. Business relationships with these intermediaries were principally based on trust, without strong ethnic, religious or family ties. Although most transactions were conducted in the physical presence of parties, contract violations were common, which were settled mainly through informal means as formal legal systems were either absent or time-consuming. Estimated costs and margins of most recent transactions showed low returns, and losses in some cases. Market levies, transport, travel and feeds were major items of variable cost, with some variation between cattle and small ruminants. Multiple regression analysis showed that traders’ financial and human capital and trading practices such as use of brokers and regular suppliers and customers had varying effects on margins and costs of cattle and small ruminant trade. Unstable price, multiple taxes, non-transparent tax system, limited access to credit and weak demand for the quality of the products traded were perceived by traders as major problems of marketing. All the problems were amenable to public policy to improve the market environment and marketing efficiency.
An equivalence relation on wavelets in higher dimensions associated with matrix dilations
Creators: name: Behera, Biswaranjan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 42C40

description: We introduce an equivalence relation on the set of single wavelets of L^2(R^n) associated with an arbitrary dilation matrix. The corresponding equivalence classes are characterized in terms of the support of the Fourier transform of wavelets and it is shown that each of these classes is non-empty.
description: 9 pages
Exploring the mid-infrared SEDs of six AGN dusty torus models II: the data
Creators: name: González-Martín, O.
name: Masegosa, J.
name: García-Bernete, I.
name: Almeida, C. Ramos
name: Rodríguez-Espinosa, J. M.
name: Márquez, I.
name: Esparza-Arredondo, D.
name: Osorio-Clavijo, N.
name: Martínez-Paredes, M.
name: Victoria-Ceballos, C.
name: Pasetto, A.
name: Dultzin, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This is the second in a series of papers devoted to explore a set of six dusty models of active galactic nuclei (AGN) with available spectral energy distributions (SEDs). These models are the smooth torus by Fritz et al. (2006), the clumpy torus by Nenkova et al. (2008B), the clumpy torus by Hoenig & Kishimoto (2010), the two phase torus by Siebenmorgen et al. (2015), the two phase torus by Stalevski et al. (2016), and the wind model by Hoenig & Kishimoto (2017). The first paper explores discrimination among models and the parameter restriction using synthetic spectra (Gonzalez-Martin et al. 2019A). Here we perform spectral fitting of a sample of 110 AGN drawn from the Swift/BAT survey with Spitzer/IRS spectroscopic data. The aim is to explore which is the model that describes better the data and the resulting parameters. The clumpy wind-disk model by Hoenig & Kishimoto (2017) provides good fits for ~50% of the sample, and the clumpy torus model by Nenkova et al. (2008B) is good at describing ~30% of the objects. The wind-disk model by Hoenig & Kishimoto (2017) is better for reproducing the mid-infrared spectra of Type-1 Seyferts while Type-2 Seyferts are equally fitted by both models. Large residuals are found irrespective of the model used, indicating that the AGN dust continuum emission is more complex than predicted by the models or that the parameter space is not well sampled. We found that all the resulting parameters for our AGN sample are roughly constrained to 10-20% of the parameter space. The derived outer radius of the torus is smaller for the smooth torus by Fritz et al. (2006) and the two phase torus by Stalevski et al. (2016) than the one derived from the clumpy torus by (Nenkova et al. 2008B). Covering factors and line-of-sight viewing angles strongly depend on the model used. The total dust mass is the most robust derived quantity.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ. This paper is accompanied by Paper I
Market and Other Factors Affecting Farm Specific Production Efficiency in Pig production in Vietnam
Creators: name: Jabbar, Mohammad A.
name: Akter, Shaheen
name: Jabbar, Mohammad A.
name: Akter, Shaheen
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Farm Management
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Production Economics
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: pig
subject: production efficiency
subject: market
subject: factors
subject: Vietnaam

description: In developing country production environment, farm production efficiency is often measured in terms of on-farm resources and producer characteristics. In this paper we postulate that input and output market related factors also influence farm production decisions hence its efficiency. Stochastic frontier production function was used to assess technical efficiency and its determinants including input and output market variables for a sample of 1962 pig farms in Vietnam with data collected in 1999. There are significant differences in production behavior and efficiency level between the North and the South, among farms producing different breeds, between mixed and specialized farms, between household and commercial farms, and among producers located in different agro-ecological regions. Access to better output market, land size, herd size, and education of household head significantly reduced inefficiency, while access to government supplied inputs, age of household head, female headed households and family supplied crude feeds significantly increased inefficiency in both the regions. The direction of influence on efficiency differs between the two regions for access to credit, proportion of output sold at market rather than at farm gate and family labor supply. Generally, market related factors had more consistent influence on production efficiency in the South of Vietnam where the experience of market economics is longer compared to the North.Policy actions on providing better extension, more timely access to better quality inputs through the private sector, making credit more easily accessible to smallholders and opportunity to sell output at better priced secondary markets are expected to increase productivity and reduce inefficiency.
Additional file 1 of How combining different caries lesions characteristics may be helpful in short-term caries progression prediction: model development on occlusal surfaces of primary teeth
Creators: name: Floriano, Isabela
name: Rocha, Elizabeth Souza
name: Ronilza Matos
name: Mattos-Silveira, Juliana
name: Ekstrand, Kim Rud
name: Mendes, Fausto Medeiros
name: Braga, Mariana Minatel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Statistics

description: Additional file 1: TRIPOD checklist.
Market and Other Factors Affecting Farm Specific production Efficiency in Poultry Producton in Vietnam
Creators: name: Jabbar, Mohammad A.
name: Akter, Shaheen
name: Jabbar, Mohammad A.
name: Akter, Shaheen
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Farm Management
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Production Economics
subject: Production efficiency
subject: frontier function
subject: poultry
subject: Vietnam

description: Stochastic frontier production function was used to assess technical efficiency and its determinants for a stratified sample of 1118 poultry farms in Vietnam for which data were collected in 1999. In general there are significant differences in the production behaviour and efficiency level between the North and the South, among farms producing different breeds of poultry, between mixed and specialized poultry farms, between household and commercial farms, and among producers located in different agro-ecological regions. Sale at market place rather than at farm gate, market distance and flock size significantly reduced inefficiency in both the regions. Contract farming or sale, number of visits by extension staff, family labor supply, land size and education of household had significantly reduced inefficiency in the North but had no significant effect in the South. The direction and significance of influence on efficiency differ between the two regions for credit use, inputs from government, ratio of home produced of crude feed, producer age and gender of household head. Therefore, opportunities exist for improving average efficiency through interventions in a number of product and input market domains and household characteristics that may improve access to information, technology and management decisions.
A new method of estimating the mass-to-light ratio of the Ursa Minor dwarf spheroidal galaxy
Creators: name: Gomez-Flechoso, M. A.
name: Martinez-Delgado, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dwarf satellite galaxies undergo strong tidal forces produced by the main galaxy potential. These forces disturb the satellite, producing asymmetries in its stellar distribution, tidal tail formation, and modifications of the velocity dispersions profiles. Most of these features are observed in the Ursa Minor (UMi) dwarf spheroidal galaxy, which is one of the closest satellites of the Milky Way. These features show that UMi is been tidally disrupted and probably not in virial equilibrium. The high velocity dispersion of UMi could also be a reflection of this tidal disruption and not the signature of the large dark matter content that would be deduced if virial equilibrium is assumed. In order to avoid the uncertainty produced when virial equilibrium is assumed in systems in strong tidal fields, we present a new method of calculating the mass-to-luminosity ratio of disrupted dwarf galaxies. This method is based on numerical simulations and only takes into account the shape of the dwarf density profile and the tidal tail brightness, but does not depend on the kinematics of the dwarf. Applying this method to UMi, we obtain a mass-to-luminosity relation of 12, which is lower than the value obtained assuming virial equilibrium (M/L=60). In addition, if UMi has a large dark-matter content, it will be impossible to reproduce a tidal tail as luminous as the one observed.
description: 13 pages (including two figures). Accepted for publication in ApJLett
Simple Model of Capillary Condensation in porous media
Creators: name: Gatica, S. M.
name: Calbi, M. M.
name: Cole, M. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We employ a simple model to describe the phase behavior of 4He and Ar in a hypothetical porous material consisting of a regular array of infinitely long, solid, parallel cylinders. We find that high porosity geometries exhibit two transitions: from vapor to film and from film to capillary condensed liquid. At low porosity, the film is replaced by a ``necking'' configuration, and for a range of intermediate porosity there are three transitions: from vapor to film, from film to necking and from necking to a capillary condensed phase.
description: 14 pages, 7 figures
Seasonal and inter-market differences in prices of small ruminants in Ethiopia
Creators: name: Ayele, Gezahegn
name: Jabbar, Mohammad A.
name: Teklewold, Hailemariam
name: Mulugeta, Elias
name: Kebede, Getahun
name: Ayele, Gezahegn
name: Jabbar, Mohammad A.
name: Teklewold, Hailemariam
name: Mulugeta, Elias
name: Kebede, Getahun
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: sheep
subject: goat
subject: hedonic price
subject: Ethipia

description: Hedonic price models were fitted to a sample of 1397 sheep and 1293 goats respectively for which data were collected from nine markets in Ethiopia over a 12 month period. The objective was to determine seasonal and inter-market differences in prices after controlling for the effects of different attributes of the animals, the buyers and the sellers. Results indicate that, controlling for attributes of the animals and of the buyers and sellers, there were significant differences in prices between seasons and markets. Seasons in which farmers faced severe cash shortages exhibited the lowest adjusted prices for animals they sold, indicating that although livestock may provide a fall back position for cash in times of crisis, terms of trade may be worst when farmers need cash the most. In general, there was no clear progression in price of sheep along the primary to terminal market chain ending in Addis Ababa as would be normally expected except that the farthest market had the lowest price. The reason for higher prices in some intermediate terminal markets could be partly explained by the fact that exporters and processors buy animals in these markets and they pay premium prices for best quality animals, and left over second or third grade animals may end up in Addis Ababa market, which then virtually becomes a sink market. In case of goats, price differences between markets followed to some extent the expected differences between primary, secondary and terminal markets. One possible reason is that in general highland is not a major production or consumption area for goats, so supplies come mainly from the lowlands, so the price movement followed the market chain from primary markets in pastoral areas to the terminal market in Addis Ababa,.
Additional file 2 of How combining different caries lesions characteristics may be helpful in short-term caries progression prediction: model development on occlusal surfaces of primary teeth
Creators: name: Floriano, Isabela
name: Rocha, Elizabeth Souza
name: Ronilza Matos
name: Mattos-Silveira, Juliana
name: Ekstrand, Kim Rud
name: Mendes, Fausto Medeiros
name: Braga, Mariana Minatel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Statistics

description: Additional file 2: Regression equations used for multilevel modelling when testing possible predictors for short-term caries progression (1 year).
Additional file 3 of IDEAS: individual level differential expression analysis for single-cell RNA-seq data
Creators: name: Zhang, Mengqi
name: Liu, Si
name: Miao, Zhen
name: Han, Fang
name: Gottardo, Raphael
name: Sun, Wei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health
subject: Hematology
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 3 Review history.
Kamimuria grandispinata Du & Sun 2011
Creators: name: Li, Weihai
name: Mo, Raorao
name: Yang, Juan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Plecoptera
Perlidae
Kamimuria
Kamimuria grandispinata

description: Kamimuria grandispinata Du & Sun, 2011 (Figs. 3–4) Examined material. 2 males (IZCAS), Hunan Province, Sangzhi County, Tianpingshan, Nanmuping Village, 495m, 2014.X.23, light trap, N 29.7424°, E 110.0487°, Jian Yao. Distribution. Hunan and Guizhou provinces of China. Remarks. Our two specimens have an identical head pattern, spination of terga 9-10 and hemitergal lobes as indicated in the original description and illustrations by Du & Sun (2011). Importantly, these specimens have nearly identical armatures and a similar shape of the everted aedeagus. The slightly oblique dorsal and ventral views of the everted aedeagus of the holotype by Du & Sun (2011) show a ventral triangular lobe less prominent near the unique, largest paired spines of aedeagal apex. This and other slight differences in the shape of aedeagus may the result of the process of everting the aedeagus. The characteristic dorsal spines in K. grandispinata are similar to those in K. circumspina, but the large spines in that species are not forked.
description: Published as part of Li, Weihai, Mo, Raorao & Yang, Juan, 2019, An interesting new species of Kamimuria (Plecoptera: Perlidae) from China, with notes on K. grandispinata Du & Sun, pp. 139-145 in Zootaxa 4700 (1) on pages 143-144, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4700.1.8, http://zenodo.org/record/3545424
description: {"references": ["Sun, H. T. & Du, Y. Z. (2011) A new species of Kamimuria (Plecoptera, Perlidae) from Guizhou, China. Entomotaxonomia, 33 (2), 94 - 96."]}
Effect of microbial phytase supplementation on P digestibility in pigs: a meta-analysis
Creators: name: Rosenfelder-Kuon, Pia
name: Siegert, Wolfgang
name: Rodehutscord, Markus
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: The objectives of this meta-analysis were to determine to which extent phosphorus (P) digestibility and digestible P concentration in pig diets were increased by phytase supplementation and to quantify factors that potentially influence effects of phytase supplementation. A data set with a total of 547 data lines was compiled from 88 experiments published in 74 peer-reviewed papers between 2007 and April 2019. An exponential model was determined as more suitable to describe the response of P digestibility to phytase supplementation than a polynomial model. Phytase supplementation increased P digestibility by 25.6 percentage points (standard error (SE) = 1.54) to a plateau at 64.9% (SE = 1.82). The digestible P concentration was increased by phytase supplementation in the order of 1.01 g/kg (SE = 0.102) to a plateau at 2.62 g/kg (SE = 0.122). Goodness-of-fit criteria were R2 = 0.780 and root mean square error = 7.55% for P digestibility, and R2 = 0.691 and root mean square error = 0.48 g/kg for digestible P concentration. Consideration of further factors such as mineral P supplementation (yes or no), ad libitum vs. restrictive feeding, mixed diets vs. single feed ingredients, sex and age of pigs did not increase the accuracy of prediction in this data set. Some of these traits exhibited responses, but they likely are artefacts generated through the imbalanced structure of the data set. Effects of dietary total P, phytate (InsP6), InsP6-P to total P ratio, and Ca on the effect of supplemented phytase were not quantifiable. The present meta-analysis showed that responses to phytase supplementation can be well predicted although variation in P digestibility and digestible P concentration in the data set was high. Overall, predicted effects of phytase on P digestibility well corresponded to predictions made 25 years ago.
Vortex Nucleation in a Stirred Bose-Einstein Condensate
Creators: name: Raman, C.
name: Abo-Shaeer, J. R.
name: Vogels, J. M.
name: Xu, K.
name: Ketterle, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We studied the nucleation of vortices in a Bose-Einstein condensate stirred by a laser beam. We observed the vortex cores using time-of-flight absorption imaging. By varying the size of the stirrer, we observed either discrete resonances or a broad response as a function of the frequency of the stirrer's motion. Stirring beams small compared to the condensate size generated vortices below the critical rotation frequency for the nucleation of surface modes, suggesting a local mechanism of generation. In addition, we observed the centrifugal distortion of the condensate due to the rotating vortex lattice and found evidence for bent vortices.
Superconductivity in electron-doped cuprates: Gap shape change and symmetry crossover with doping
Creators: name: Guinea, Francisco
name: Markiewicz, Robert S.
name: Vozmediano, Maria A. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Kohn-Luttinger mechanism for superconductivity is investigated in a model for the electron doped cuprates. The symmetry of the order parameter of the superconducting phase is determined as a function of the geometry of the Fermi surface together with the structure of the electron-hole susceptibility. It is found to remain d_{x^2-y^2} wave within a large doping range. The shape of the gap anisotropy evolves with doping, with the maximum gap moving away from (pi ,0), in good agreement with recent experiments. As the shift of the maximum increases, a crossover to d_{xy}-symmetry is found.
description: 7 eps figures, revtex. Corrected and expanded version accepted for Phys. Rev. B
Additional file 2 of The degree of astrocyte activation is predictive of the incubation time to prion disease
Creators: name: Makarava, Natallia
name: Mychko, Olga
name: Chang, Jennifer Chen-Yu
name: Molesworth, Kara
name: Baskakov, Ilia V.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2. Table S2: List of animal groups analyzed using the Astrocyte panel.
The International Agricultural Prospects Model: Assessing Consumption and Production Futures Through 2050 (version 2.1)
Creators: name: Pardey, Philip G.
name: Beddow, Jason M.
name: Hurley, Terrance M.
name: Beatty, Timothy K.M.
name: Eidman, Vernon R.
name: Pardey, Philip G.
name: Beddow, Jason M.
name: Hurley, Terrance M.
name: Beatty, Timothy K.M.
name: Eidman, Vernon R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Crop Production/Industries
Food Security and Poverty
Land Economics/Use

description: [Supporting Material for “A Bounds Analysis of World Food Futures: Global Agriculture Through to 2050.” Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics 2014 (forthcoming)]
2D superconductivity with strong spin-orbit interaction
Creators: name: Yip, S. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider superconductivity confined at a two-dimensional interface with a strong surface spin-orbit (Rashba) interaction. Some peculiar properties of this system are investigated. In particular, we show that an in-plane Zeeman field can induce a supercurrent flow.
description: latex, 1 figure in eps
Probing the Nature of Black Holes: Deep in the mHz Gravitational-Wave Sky
Creators: name: Baibhav, Vishal
name: Barack, Leor
name: Berti, Emanuele
name: Bonga, Béatrice
name: Brito, Richard
name: Cardoso, Vitor
name: Compère, Geoffrey
name: Das, Saurya
name: Doneva, Daniela
name: Garcia-Bellido, Juan
name: Heisenberg, Lavinia
name: Hughes, Scott A.
name: Isi, Maximiliano
name: Jani, Karan
name: Kavanagh, Chris
name: Lukes-Gerakopoulos, Georgios
name: Mueller, Guido
name: Pani, Paolo
name: Petiteau, Antoine
name: Rajendran, Surjeet
name: Sotiriou, Thomas P.
name: Stergioulas, Nikolaos
name: Taylor, Alasdair
name: Vagenas, Elias
name: van de Meent, Maarten
name: Warburton, Niels
name: Wardell, Barry
name: Witzany, Vojtěch
name: Zimmerman, Aaron
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Black holes are unique among astrophysical sources: they are the simplest macroscopic objects in the Universe, and they are extraordinary in terms of their ability to convert energy into electromagnetic and gravitational radiation. Our capacity to probe their nature is limited by the sensitivity of our detectors. The LIGO/Virgo interferometers are the gravitational-wave equivalent of Galileo's telescope. The first few detections represent the beginning of a long journey of exploration. At the current pace of technological progress, it is reasonable to expect that the gravitational-wave detectors available in the 2035-2050s will be formidable tools to explore these fascinating objects in the cosmos, and space-based detectors with peak sensitivities in the mHz band represent one class of such tools. These detectors have a staggering discovery potential, and they will address fundamental open questions in physics and astronomy. Are astrophysical black holes adequately described by general relativity? Do we have empirical evidence for event horizons? Can black holes provide a glimpse into quantum gravity, or reveal a classical breakdown of Einstein's gravity? How and when did black holes form, and how do they grow? Are there new long-range interactions or fields in our universe, potentially related to dark matter and dark energy or a more fundamental description of gravitation? Precision tests of black hole spacetimes with mHz-band gravitational-wave detectors will probe general relativity and fundamental physics in previously inaccessible regimes, and allow us to address some of these fundamental issues in our current understanding of nature.
description: 24 pages, 4 figures. White paper submitted to ESA's Voyage 2050 on behalf of the LISA Consortium 2050 Task Force