cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Nontrivial Triplon Topology and Triplon Liquid in Kitaev-Heisenberg-type Excitonic Magnets
Creators: name: Anisimov, Pavel S.
name: Aust, Friedemann
name: Khaliullin, Giniyat
name: Daghofer, Maria
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The combination of strong spin-orbit coupling and correlations, e.g. in ruthenates and iridates, has been proposed as a means to realize quantum materials with nontrivial topological properties. We discuss here Mott insulators where onsite spin-orbit coupling favors a local $J_{\textrm{tot}}=0$ singlet ground state. We investigate excitations into a low-lying triplet, triplons, and find them to acquire nontrivial band topology in a magnetic field. We also comment on magnetic states resulting from triplon condensation, where we find, in addition to the same ordered phases known from the $J_{\textrm{tot}}=\tfrac{1}{2}$ Kitaev-Heisenberg model, a triplon liquid taking the parameter space of Kitaev's spin liquid.
Comparing first-principles density functionals plus corrections for the lattice dynamics of YBa$_2$Cu$_3$O$_6$
Creators: name: Ning, Jinliang
name: Lane, Christopher
name: Barbiellini, Bernardo
name: Markiewicz, Robert S.
name: Bansil, Arun
name: Ruzsinszky, Adrienn
name: Perdew, John P.
name: Sun, Jianwei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The enigmatic mechanism underlying unconventional high-temperature superconductivity, especially the role of lattice dynamics, has remained a subject of debate. Theoretical insights have long been hindered due to the lack of an accurate first-principles description of the lattice dynamics of cuprates. Recently, using the r2SCAN meta-GGA functional, we were able to achieve accurate phonon spectra of an insulating cuprate YBa$_2$Cu$_3$O$_6$, and discover significant magnetoelastic coupling in experimentally interesting Cu-O bond stretching optical modes [Ning et al., Phys. Rev. B 107, 045126 (2023)]. We extend this work by comparing PBE and r2SCAN performances with corrections from the on-site Hubbard U and the D4 van der Waals (vdW) methods, aiming at further understanding on both the materials science side and the density functional side. We demonstrate the importance of vdW and self-interaction corrections for accurate first-principles YBa2 Cu3 O6 lattice dynamics. Since r2SCAN by itself partially accounts for these effects, the good performance of r2SCAN is now more fully explained. In addition, the performances of the Tao-Mo series of meta-GGAs, which are constructed in a different way from SCAN/r2SCAN, are also compared and discussed.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2210.06569
Study of the Hadronic Decays of χ_c States
Creators: name: Bai, J. Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hadronic decays of the P-wave spin-triplet charmonium states χ_cJ (J=0,1,2) are studied using a sample of ψ(2S) decays collected by the BES detector operating at the BEPC storage ring. Branching fractions for the decays χ_c1 going to K_s^0 K^+ π^- + c.c., χ_c0 going to K_s^0 K_s^0, χ_c2 going to K_s^0 K_s^0, χ_c0 going to ϕϕ, χ_c2 going to ϕϕand χ_cJ going to K^+ K^- K^+ K^- are measured for the first time, and those for χ_cJ going to π^+ π^- π^+ π^-, $ χ_cJ going to π^+ π^- K^+ K^-, χ_cJ going to π^+ π^- p \bar{p} and χ_cJ going to 3(π^+ π^-) are measured with improved precision. In addition, we determine the masses of the χ_c0 and η_c to be M_{χ_{c0}}=3414.1 \pm 0.6(stat) \pm 0.8 (sys) MeV and M_{η_c}=2975.8 \pm 3.9(stat) \pm 1.2 (sys) MeV.
description: 24 pages, 12 figures, 6 tables, use revtex, submitted to Phys. Rev. D
Prospects for detecting proto-neutron star rotation and spindown using supernova neutrinos
Creators: name: Prasanna, Tejas
name: Thompson, Todd A.
name: Hirata, Christopher
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: After a successful supernova, a proto-neutron star (PNS) cools by emitting neutrinos on $\sim 1-100$ s timescales. Provided that there are neutrino emission `hot-spots' or `cold-spots' on the surface of the rotating PNS, we can expect a periodic modulation in the number of neutrinos observable by detectors. We show that Fourier transform techniques can be used to determine the PNS rotation rate from the neutrino arrival times. Provided there is no spindown, a 1-parameter Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) is sufficient to determine the spin period of the PNS. If the PNS is born as a magnetar with polar magnetic field strength $B_0 \gtrsim 10^{15}$ G and is `slowly' rotating with an initial spin period $\gtrsim 100$ ms, then it can spindown to periods of the order of seconds during the cooling phase. We propose a modified DFT technique with three frequency parameters to detect spindown. Due to lack of neutrino data from a nearby supernova except the $\sim20$ neutrinos detected from SN1987A, we use toy models and one physically motivated modulating function to generate neutrino arrival times. We use the false alarm rate (FAR) to quantify the significance of the Fourier power spectrum peaks. We show that PNS rotation and spindown are detected with $\rm FAR<2\%$ ($2σ$) for periodic signal content $\rm M\gtrsim 13-15\%$ if $5\times 10^{3}$ neutrinos are detected in $\sim 3$ s and with $\rm FAR<1\%$ for $\rm M\geq 5\%$ if $5\times 10^{4}$ neutrinos are detected in $\sim 3$ s. Since we can expect $\sim 10^{4}-10^{5}$ neutrino detections from a supernova at 10 kpc, detection of PNS rotation and spindown is possible using the neutrinos from the next Galactic supernova.
description: 18 pages, 16 figures
Stable wormholes in scalar-tensor theories
Creators: name: Franciolini, Gabriele
name: Hui, Lam
name: Penco, Riccardo
name: Santoni, Luca
name: Trincherini, Enrico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We reconsider the issue of whether scalar-tensor theories can admit stable wormhole configurations supported by a non-trivial radial profile for the scalar field. Using a recently proposed effective theory for perturbations around static, spherically symmetric backgrounds, we show that scalar-tensor theories of "beyond Horndeski" type can have wormhole solutions that are free of ghost and gradient instabilities. Such solutions are instead forbidden within the more restrictive "Horndeski" class of theories.
description: Added references
Stable distribution in fragmentation processes
Creators: name: Rodgers, G J
name: Hassan, M K
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce three models of fragmentation in which the largest fragment in the system can be broken at each time step with a fixed probability, p. We solve these models exactly in the long time limit to reveal stable time invariant (scaling) solutions which depend on p and the precise details of the fragmentation process. Various features of these models are compared with those of conventional fragmentation models.
description: 12 pages, 2 Postscript figures. To get Figures e-mail to G.J. Rodgers@Brunel.ac.uk
СЪЕДОБНЫЕ НАСЕКОМЫЕ TENEBRIO MOLITOR и TRIBOLIUM В РЫБОЛОВНОМ МИРЕ
Creators: name: Мирзаева, Дилобар
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Постановления Президента Республики Узбекистан от 6 ноября 2018 года № ПП-4005 " О дополнительных мерах по дальнейшему развитию рыбоводческой отрасли" и других нормативных правовых документах, связанных с этой деятельностью [1]. В целях поддержки рыбной отрасли республики, повышения эффективности деятельности рыбоводческих и рыболовных хозяйств, рационального и эфективного использования земельных и водных ресурсов для обеспечения широкого внедрения интенсивных технологий в данную сферу. По всему миру существуют 1900 видов насекомых. Исследования показывает, что Hermetia illucens, Tenebrio molitor, Acheta domesticus, Alphitobius dioperinus, Zophobas mario вид насекомых является источником пищи и корма [2].
Tetrahedron equation and quantum cluster algebras
Creators: name: Inoue, Rei
name: Kuniba, Atsuo
name: Terashima, Yuji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 82B23, 81R12, 13F60

description: We develop the quantum cluster algebra approach recently introduced by Sun and Yagi to investigate the tetrahedron equation, a three-dimensional generalization of the Yang-Baxter equation. In the case of square quiver, we devise a new realization of quantum Y-variables in terms $q$-Weyl algebras and obtain a solution that possesses three spectral parameters. It is expressed in various forms, comprising four products of quantum dilogarithms depending on the signs in decomposing the quantum mutations into the automorphism part and the monomial part. For a specific choice of them, our formula precisely reproduces Sergeev's $R$ matrix, which corresponds to a vertex formulation of the Zamolodchikov-Bazhanov-Baxter model when $q$ is specialized to a root of unity.
description: 24 pages
The temporal requirements of directly observing self-gravitating spiral waves in protoplanetary discs with ALMA
Creators: name: Hall, Cassandra
name: Dong, Ruobing
name: Rice, Ken
name: Harries, Tim J.
name: Najita, Joan
name: Alexander, Richard
name: Brittain, Sean
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate how the detectability of signatures of self-gravity in a protoplanetary disc depends on its temporal evolution. We run a one-dimensional model for secular timescales to follow the disc mass as a function of time. We then combine this with three-dimensional global hydrodynamics simulations that employ a hybrid radiative transfer method to approximate realistic heating and cooling. We simulate ALMA continuum observations of these systems, and find that structures induced by the gravitational instability (GI) are readily detectable when $q=M_\mathrm{disc}/M_*\gtrsim 0.25$ and $R_\mathrm{outer}\lesssim 100$ au. The high accretion rate generated by gravito-turbulence in such a massive disc drains its mass to below the detection threshold in $\sim10^4$ years, or approximately 1 % of the typical disc lifetime. Therefore, discs with spiral arms detected in ALMA dust observations, if generated by self-gravity, must either be still receiving infall to maintain a high $q$ value, or have just emerged from their natal envelope. Detection of substructure in systems with lower $q$ is possible, but would require a specialist integration with the most extended configuration over several days. This disfavours the possibility of GI-caused spiral structure in systems with $q<0.25$ being detected in relatively short integration times, such as those found in the DSHARP ALMA survey (Andrews et al. 2018; Huang et al. 2018). We find no temporal dependence of detectability on dynamical timescales
description: 13 pages, 6 figures
Time-Resolved Fluorescence Anisotropy from Single Molecules for Characterizing Local Flexibility in Biomolecules
Creators: name: Kolimi, Narendar
name: Ghimire, Sanjeev
name: Duffy, Frank
name: Peulen, Thomas-Otavio
name: Medina, Exequiel
name: Sanabria, Hugo
Publisher: name: JoVE
Year: 2025

description: We describe a protocol for conducting time-resolved fluorescence anisotropy at the single-molecule level using confocal microscopy to investigate the local flexibility and dynamics of the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)-binding forkhead (FKH) domain of the FoxP1 transcription factor. FoxP1 dimerizes through a three-dimensional domain-swapping (3D-DS) mechanism, forming a disordered intermediate with or without DNA. Since 3D-DS involves an intrinsically disordered region, understanding its behavior is crucial for elucidating the structural and functional properties of FoxP1. Using a single-cysteine-labeled FoxP1, we conducted single-molecule fluorescence anisotropy (smFA) experiments, applying dynamic anisotropy Photon Distribution Analysis (daPDA) and time-resolved anisotropy Burst Variance Analysis (traBVA) approaches to probe local flexibility and dynamics. This protocol provides a detailed, step-by-step guide for smFA measurements, emphasizing time-resolved analyses, variance, and probability distribution techniques to capture structural dynamics across different timescales. This approach enabled us to relate dynamics and heterogeneity to FoxP1 dimerization and DNA binding, highlighting the complex action mechanism that characterizes this transcription factor.
PENGARUH PARTISIPASI ANGGARAN, PENEKANAN ANGGARAN, DAN KOMITMEN ORGANISASI TERHADAP BUDGETARY SLACK PADA BAPPEDA PROVINSI SUMBAR
Creators: name: Arwindra Handayani
name: Septiana, Gina
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 150103 Financial Accounting
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: The aim of the study was to find out how the influence of budgetary participation, budget emphasis, and organizational commitment to the budgetary slack in Sumbar provincial bappeda. the type of data is in the form of cross sectional with primary data sources in the form of filling out questionnaires in data collection techniques carried out by giving respondents a set of written questions to answer which are only once collected, daily, weekly, monthly. Sampling in this study was conducted by purposive sampling, is a method of determining the sample based on certain criteria. the result is budget participation has a significant positive effect on budget slack. Thus X1 is accepted. budget emphasis has a positive effect but does not have a significant effect on budget slack. Thus X2 is rejected. and organizational commitment has a positive effect but does not have a significant effect on budget slack. Thus H3 is rejected.
How to force a countably tight, initially ω_1-compact and non-compact space?
Creators: name: Juhász, I.
name: Soukup, Lajos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Improving a result of M. Rabus we force a normal, locally compact, 0-dimensional,Frechet-Uryson, initially omega_1-compact and non-compact space X of size omega_2 having the following property: for every open (or closed) set A in X we have |A|
Separation of water and fat signal in whole-body gradient echo scans using convolutional neural networks
Creators: name: Andersson, Jonathan
name: Ahlström, Håkan
name: Kullberg, Joel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Purpose: To perform and evaluate water-fat signal separation of whole-body gradient echo scans using convolutional neural networks. Methods: Whole-body gradient echo scans of 240 subjects, each consisting of 5 bipolar echoes, were used. Reference fat fraction maps were created using a conventional method. Convolutional neural networks, more specifically 2D U-nets, were trained using 5-fold cross-validation with 1 or several echoes as input, using the squared difference between the output and the reference fat fraction maps as the loss function. The outputs of the networks were assessed by the loss function, measured liver fat fractions, and visually. Training was performed using a graphics processing unit (GPU). Inference was performed using the GPU as well as a central processing unit (CPU). Results: The loss curves indicated convergence, and the final loss of the validation data decreased when using more echoes as input. The liver fat fractions could be estimated using only 1 echo, but results were improved by use of more echoes. Visual assessment found the quality of the outputs of the networks to be similar to the reference even when using only 1 echo, with slight improvements when using more echoes. Training a network took at most 28.6 h. Inference time of a whole-body scan took at most 3.7 s using the GPU and 5.8 min using the CPU. Conclusion: It is possible to perform water-fat signal separation of whole-body gradient echo scans using convolutional neural networks. Separation was possible using only 1 echo, although using more echoes improved the results.
description: 26 pages, 12 figures
Scaffolding in der Peer-Interaktion. Konversationsanalyse einer kommunikativen Aufgabe im DaF-Kontext
Creators: name: Dang, Thuy Duong
Publisher: name: Universität Bielefeld
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: 430

description: In der vorliegenden Masterarbeit wird das Scaffolding in der Peer-Interaktion im Fremdsprachenunterricht erforscht. Die Arbeit geht der Frage nach, ob und inwiefern das Scaffolding in der Peer-Interaktion bei der Bewältigung einer kommunikativen Aufgabe die Sprachproduktion vietnamesischer Deutschlernender fördert. Die soziokulturellen Theorien (SCT) gelten als theoretischer Rahmen für diese Arbeit, weil Scaffolding eine wichtige Prämisse der SCT ist. Die Arbeit gibt einen Überblick über die Forschung der Interaktion im Zweitspracherwerb aus unterschiedlichen Perspektiven des Interaktionismus und der soziokulturellen Theorien. Es wird ebenfalls über die Peer-Interaktion und kommunikative Aufgaben im FSU diskutiert. Zur Datenerhebung wurde der interaktive Prozess von vier vietnamesischen Deutschlernenden des Niveaus B1 (nach GER) bei der Bewältigung einer kommunikativen Aufgabe aufgezeichnet. Die gewonnenen Daten wurden in der Aufbereitungsphase mithilfe des Partitur-Editors EXMARaLDA transkribiert, wobei die Feintranskription den GAT 2-Konventionen von Selting et al. (2009) folgt. Abschließend wurde die Konversationsanalyse als Forschungsmethodologie angewendet, um die Daten zu analysieren und zur Antwort der Fragestellung zu gelangen. Die gewonnenen Erkenntnisse zeigen, dass Scaffolding in der Peer-Interaktion die Sprachproduktion der Lernenden fördert, damit das kommunikative Ziel der Aufgabe erreicht wird.
Postpartum depression screening in obstetrical practice: bridging the gap
Creators: name: Castello, Jennifer
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2021

description: Purpose of Project: This aim of this quality improvement (QI) pilot project was to integrate the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) and establish a process to improve identification and timely referral for postpartum depression (PPD) in an obstetrical setting. The objectives were to (a) improve knowledge surrounding PPD, screening, referral options, and crisis management for screen positive cases, (b) develop and assess workflow to increase screening, detection, and referral rates, and (c) establish recommendations for program sustainability based on outcome evaluation. Methodology: This non-experimental QI project was based on the aims to develop, implement, and evaluate EDPS workflow and a culturally sensitive evidence-based referral process for women seeking routine postpartum care. Results: Of the 12 patients coded for postpartum visits, 8 were screened, 2 of whom screened positive and were referred. Approximately one third of patients eligible for screening were missed using only the postpartum visit code and, another 10 were missed because they were not specifically coded for a postpartum visit but would have qualified had the coding been more inclusive. As such, approximately 50% of women were missed. Of the patients screened including those who screened positive, none had a history of PPD, were being treated for PPD, or expressed they wanted to harm to themselves or their infant. Implications for Practice: After being modified to close gaps and accommodate the needs of the location, EPDS screening will be better incorporated into this clinical practice to improve identification and referral rates for women who screen positive.
Chemical time capsules: bioactive volatiles in eighteenth century herbarium samples of mānuka, Leptospermum scoparium*
Creators: name: Sansom, Catherine E.
name: Klink, John W. Van
name: Perry, Nigel B.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Leptospermum scoparium J. R. et G. Forst. (Myrtaceae), called mānuka or kahikātoa by Māori, shows distinct foliage chemotypes in different regions of Aotearoa New Zealand, including one with rare antimicrobial triketones. To extend knowledge of mānuka chemotypes geographically and historically, we have developed a miniaturised method for analyses of herbarium samples needing just a few small leaves analysed by headspace solid phase microextraction gas chromatography (HS-SPME-GC). This method was validated on herbarium samples of known chemotypes. Geographical knowledge was extended by analysing herbarium samples collected on New Zealand's offshore islands, ranging from the Manawa/Three Kings in the North to Rakiura/Stewart Island in the South. The chemotypes were generally similar to the nearest populations on the main North or South islands. Historically, volatiles were identified from herbarium samples collected by the first botanists from Europe in 1769, showing that the oil glands in mānuka leaves act as ‘chemical time capsules’.
PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN SISTEM DAN KEPUASAN PENGGUNA TERHADAP KINERJA ORGANISASI PADA UNIVERSITAS DI KOTA PADANG
Creators: name: Rendi Rendi
name: Meirina, Elsa
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 150105 Management Accounting
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: 150103 Financial Accounting

description: This study aims to determine the effect of information systems used in these universities in order to improve organizational performance. This type of research is explanatory research so this research is classified into quantitative research. The population used in this study was all employees who worked in universities in the city of Padang, so the sample of this study was academic employees and employees in the IT department as well as 94 IT department heads. The sampling technique was using purposive sampling technique. And using multiple linear regression test tools, with independent variables using information systems and user satisfaction, as well as dependent variable organizational performance at universities in Padang city. The results of this study of 94 respondents obtained a calculated T value for the variable use of information technology and user satisfaction significantly influence organizational performance. Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that there is an influence between the use of information systems and user satisfaction on organizational performance at universities in Padang city.
Antisense-Regulation der Genexpression von Streptococcus pyogenes in Virulenz und Therapie
Creators: name: Patenge, Nadja
Publisher: name: Universität Rostock
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 570 Life science

description: Streptococcus pyogenes ist ein strikt humanpathogenes Bakterium, das weltweit eine hohe Belastung der menschlichen Gesundheit und der Gesundheitssysteme darstellt. In dieser Arbeit lag der Fokus auf der Untersuchung der Antisense-Regulation der Genexpression. Zum einen wurden kleine regulatorische RNAs identifiziert und ihre Bedeutung für die Genregulation in S. pyogenes an zwei Beispielen untersucht. Zum anderen wurde ein Antisense-basierter Therapieansatz mit Carrierpeptid-gekoppelten Peptid-Nukleinsäuren für S. pyogenes etabliert.
Hadronic vacuum polarization contribution to the muon $g-2$ with 2+1 flavor lattice QCD on a larger than (10 fm$)^4$ lattice at the physical point
Creators: name: Shintani, Eigo
name: Kuramashi, Yoshinobu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study systematic uncertainties in the lattice QCD computation of hadronic vacuum polarization (HVP) contribution to the muon $g-2$. We investigate three systematic effects; finite volume (FV) effect, cutoff effect, and integration scheme dependence. We evaluate the FV effect at the physical pion mass on two different volumes of (5.4 fm$)^4$ and (10.8 fm$)^4$ using the PACS10 configurations at the same cutoff scale. For the cutoff effect, we compare two types of lattice vector operators, which are local and conserved (point-splitting) currents, by varying the cutoff scale on a larger than (10 fm$)^4$ lattice at the physical point. For the integration scheme dependence, we compare the results between the coordinate- and momentum-space integration schemes at the physical point on a (10.8 fm$)^4$ lattice. Our result for the HVP contribution to the muon $g-2$ is given by $a_μ^{\rm hvp} = 737(9)(^{+13}_{-18})\times 10^{-10}$ in the continuum limit, where the first error is statistical and the second one is systematic.
description: 24 pages, 14 figures, version published in PRD
Break it, Imitate it, Fix it: Robustness by Generating Human-Like Attacks
Creators: name: Sinha, Aradhana
name: Balashankar, Ananth
name: Beirami, Ahmad
name: Avrahami, Thi
name: Chen, Jilin
name: Beutel, Alex
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Real-world natural language processing systems need to be robust to human adversaries. Collecting examples of human adversaries for training is an effective but expensive solution. On the other hand, training on synthetic attacks with small perturbations - such as word-substitution - does not actually improve robustness to human adversaries. In this paper, we propose an adversarial training framework that uses limited human adversarial examples to generate more useful adversarial examples at scale. We demonstrate the advantages of this system on the ANLI and hate speech detection benchmark datasets - both collected via an iterative, adversarial human-and-model-in-the-loop procedure. Compared to training only on observed human attacks, also training on our synthetic adversarial examples improves model robustness to future rounds. In ANLI, we see accuracy gains on the current set of attacks (44.1%$\,\to\,$50.1%) and on two future unseen rounds of human generated attacks (32.5%$\,\to\,$43.4%, and 29.4%$\,\to\,$40.2%). In hate speech detection, we see AUC gains on current attacks (0.76 $\to$ 0.84) and a future round (0.77 $\to$ 0.79). Attacks from methods that do not learn the distribution of existing human adversaries, meanwhile, degrade robustness.
Flow Equations for Electron-Phonon Interactions
Creators: name: Lenz, Peter
name: Wegner, Franz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A recently proposed method of continuous unitary transformations is used to eliminate the interaction between electrons and phonons. The differential equations for the couplings represent an infinitesimal formulation of a sequence of Fröhlich-transformations. The two approaches are compared. Our result will turn out to be less singular than Fröhlich's. Furthermore the interaction between electrons belonging to a Cooper-pair will always be attractive in our approach. Even in the case where Fröhlich's transformation is not defined (Fröhlich actually excluded these regions from the transformation), we obtain an elimination of the electron-phonon interaction. This is due to a sufficiently slow change of the phonon energies as a function of the flow parameter.
description: 25 pages LATEX (use a4.sty v1.2) including 5 PostScript figures (tarred,gzipped,uuencoded)
Data.xlsx
Creators: name: Romero-Padilla, Juan
name: Josafhat Salinas-Ruiz
name: Hernandez-Ramirez, Gabriela
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: Pathology
Biotechnology

description: Data for the dead of German cockroaches (Blattella germanica) after inoculating with entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana
$B \to K ν\barν$, MiniBooNE and muon $g-2$ anomalies from a dark sector
Creators: name: Datta, Alakabha
name: Marfatia, Danny
name: Mukherjee, Lopamudra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Belle II has reported the first evidence for $B^+ \to K^+ν\barν$ with a branching ratio $2.7 σ$ higher than the standard model expectation. We explain this, and the MiniBooNE and muon anomalous magnetic moment anomalies in a model with a dark scalar that couples to a slightly heavier sterile Dirac neutrino and that communicates with the visible sector via a Higgs portal. We make predictions for rare kaon and other $B$ meson decays.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures, 3 tables. Version to appear as a Letter in PRD
Galaxies in Clusters and Groups Behind the Magellanic Clouds
Creators: name: Craig, Jessica E. M.
name: Van Loon, Jacco Th.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Galaxy Clusters
Galaxies

description: The VISTA Magellanic Clouds Survey (VMC) is a high-resolution near-infrared survey, which covers the Magellanic Clouds and Magellanic Bridge, but also contains information about many background galaxies. We locate and study galaxy clusters and groups in the VMC survey, using VMC data in combination with other surveys covering the Magellanic Clouds. We will use machine learning combined with multiwavelength observations to identify cluster members and study their properties. Near-infrared may be used as a tracer of stellar mass and AGN dust, and radio lobes probe the intracluster medium. From these measurements and by studying galaxy morphology, we can study interactions and galaxy evolution within the clusters we find.
description: {"references": ["Cioni et al. (2011), A&A, 527, A116, pp. 22", "Hambly et al. (2008), MNRAS, 384, 2, pp. 637-662", "Jones et al. (2009), MNRAS, 399, 2, pp. 683-698"]}
Ab initio study of the vapour-liquid critical point of a symmetrical binary fluid mixture
Creators: name: Patsahan, O. V.
name: Kozlovskii, M. P.
name: Melnyk, R. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A microscopic approach to the investigation of the behaviour of a symmetrical binary fluid mixture in the vicinity of the vapour-liquid critical point is proposed. It is shown that the problem can be reduced to the calculation of the partition function of a 3D Ising model in an external field. For a square-well symmetrical binary mixture we calculate the parameters of the critical point as functions of the microscopic parameter r measuring the relative strength of interactions between the particles of dissimilar and similar species. The calculations are performed at intermediate ($λ=1.5$) and moderately long ($λ=2.0$) intermolecular potential ranges. The obtained results agree well with the ones of computer simulations.
description: 14 pages, Latex2e, 5 eps-figures included, submitted to J.Phys:Cond.Mat
More out of less: an excess integrated Sachs-Wolfe signal from supervoids mapped out by the Dark Energy Survey
Creators: name: Kovács, A.
name: Sánchez, C.
name: García-Bellido, J.
name: Elvin-Poole, J.
name: Hamaus, N.
name: Miranda, V.
name: Nadathur, S.
name: Abbott, T.
name: Abdalla, F. B.
name: Annis, J.
name: Avila, S.
name: Bertin, E.
name: Brooks, D.
name: Burke, D. L.
name: Rosell, A. Carnero
name: Kind, M. Carrasco
name: Carretero, J.
name: Cawthon, R.
name: Crocce, M.
name: Cunha, C.
name: da Costa, L. N.
name: Davis, C.
name: De Vicente, J.
name: DePoy, D.
name: Desai, S.
name: Diehl, H. T.
name: Doel, P.
name: Fernandez, E.
name: Flaugher, B.
name: Fosalba, P.
name: Frieman, J.
name: Gaztañaga, E.
name: Gerdes, D.
name: Gruendl, R.
name: Gutierrez, G.
name: Hartley, W.
name: Hollowood, D. L.
name: Honscheid, K.
name: Hoyle, B.
name: James, D. J.
name: Krause, E.
name: Kuehn, K.
name: Kuropatkin, N.
name: Lahav, O.
name: Lima, M.
name: Maia, M.
name: March, M.
name: Marshall, J.
name: Melchior, P.
name: Menanteau, F.
name: Miller, C. J.
name: Miquel, R.
name: Mohr, J.
name: Plazas, A. A.
name: Romer, K.
name: Rykoff, E.
name: Sanchez, E.
name: Scarpine, V.
name: Schindler, R.
name: Schubnell, M.
name: Sevilla-Noarbe, I.
name: Smith, M.
name: Smith, R. C.
name: Soares-Santos, M.
name: Sobreira, F.
name: Suchyta, E.
name: Swanson, M.
name: Tarle, G.
name: Thomas, D.
name: Vikram, V.
name: Weller, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The largest structures in the cosmic web probe the dynamical nature of dark energy through their integrated Sachs-Wolfe imprints. In the strength of the signal, typical cosmic voids have shown good consistency with expectation $A_{\rm ISW}=ΔT^{\rm data} / ΔT^{\rm theory}=1$, given the substantial cosmic variance. Discordantly, large-scale hills in the gravitational potential, or supervoids, have shown excess signals. In this study, we mapped out 87 new supervoids in the total 5000 deg$^2$ footprint of the Dark Energy Survey at $0.2
description: 13 pages, 5 figures, accepted MNRAS (minor revision)
A Measurement of the tau->electron Branching Ratio
Creators: name: The OPAL Collaboration
name: al, G. Abbiendi et
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The branching ratio for the decay tau->e nue nutau has been measured using Z0 decay data collected by the OPAL experiment at LEP. In total 33073 tau->e nue nutau candidates were identified from a sample of 186197 selected tau decays, giving a branching ratio of 17.81 +- 0.09(stat) +_ 0.06(sys)%. This result is combined with other measurements to test e-mu and mu-tau universality in charged-current weak interactions. Additionally, the strong coupling constant alpha_s has been extracted and evolved to the Z0 mass scale, giving alpha_s = 0.1204 +- 0.0011(exp) +- 0.0019(theory).
description: 16 pages, LaTeX, 5 eps figs included, submitted to Physics Letters B
A tale of two galaxies (and everything in between) inside a galaxy-cluster progenitor at z~3
Creators: name: Kalita, Boris Sindhu
name: Daddi, Emanuele
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: We report the results from a combination of very deep optical, near-IR (HST/WFC3, Vista, Spitzer) and sub-mm (ALMA) data, that has provided a very comprehensive picture of the highest redshift galaxy-group to have an observationally characterized halo, RO-1001 at z=2.91. There has been direct evidence of a massive Ly-alpha detected cold gas reservoir in this cluster progenitor, being fed by accretion streams. This provides enough fuel for the extreme star formation in the three spectroscopically-confirmed primary massive galaxies inside the group, that feature a total rate of ~1250 Msun/yr. However, based on a detailed photometric study, possibly within the same environment also exists an extremely old quiescent galaxy passively evolving for about 1.7 +/- 0.4 Gyr (mass-weighted stellar age). Such conflicting characteristics of similarly massive galaxies (≥10^11 Mstar) within the same group raises the question: HOW? We make a comparison to answer this, using the quiescent galaxy and its star-forming counterparts. Adding another plot-twist is the ALMA detection of diffuse dust with a net flux of ~3 mJy, distributed over the intergalactic medium within the core of RO-1001. This, we propose, could be an additional channel for cooling the surrounding gas: through IR radiation from collisionally excited dust. This would further deepen the mystery of how a passive galaxy can exist in a gas-rich environment, while also initiating a discussion on this cooling mode that is usually not considered in studies of such galaxy-cluster progenitors or ‘protoclusters’.
Constraints of internal symmetry on the non-Hermitian skin effect and bidirectional skin effect under the action of the Hermitian conjugate of time-reversal symmetry
Creators: name: Wang, Shu-Xuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Non-Hermitian skin effect is a basic phenomenon in non-Hermitian system, which means that an extensive number of eigenstates can be localized at the boundary. In this Letter, we systematically investigate the constraints from all internal symmetries on the non-Hermitian skin effect in arbitrary dimensions. By adopting the powerful Amoeba formulation, we build a generic correspondence between the various internal symmetries and the behavior of the non-Hermitian skin effect. Notably, we find that, for non-Hermitian systems with the time-reversal$^\dagger$ symmetry, the eigenstates can simultaneously localize at opposite boundaries, which is beyond the Amoeba formulation, and we dub the phenomenon bidirectional skin effect. Our work provides an overall perspective from the internal symmetry to the non-Hermitian skin effect.
Recursion Relations in Witten Diagrams and Conformal Partial Waves
Creators: name: Zhou, Xinan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit the problem of performing conformal block decomposition of exchange Witten diagrams in the crossed channel. Using properties of conformal blocks and Witten diagrams, we discover infinitely many linear relations among the crossed channel decomposition coefficients. These relations allow us to formulate a recursive algorithm that solves the decomposition coefficients in terms of certain seed coefficients. In one dimensional CFTs, the seed coefficient is the decomposition coefficient of the double-trace operator with the lowest conformal dimension. In higher dimensions, the seed coefficients are the coefficients of the double-trace operators with the minimal conformal twist. We also discuss the conformal block decomposition of a generic contact Witten diagram with any number of derivatives. As a byproduct of our analysis, we obtain a similar recursive algorithm for decomposing conformal partial waves in the crossed channel.
description: v1: 48 pages, 2 figures; v2: updated references, added in Appendix B explicit expressions for the direct channel decomposition coefficients; v3: published version
J/ψElectromagnetic Production at e^+e^- colliders
Creators: name: Chang, Chao-Hsi
name: Qiao, Cong-Feng
name: Wang, Jian-Xiong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Within the framework of QED we investigate the inclusive J/ψproduction at $e^+e^-$ colliders. It is expected to be as a further test to the charmonium production mechanisms and QED. We find that at the energies of CESR, BEPC, and TRISTAN (e.g. 4.0 GeV \leq \sqrt s \leq 60 GeV), the contributions of the concerned electromagnetic processes to the $J/ψ$ inclusive production are great, even dominant, thus they greatly affect the observation of the color-octet $J/ψ$ production signature at $e^+e^-$ colliders. The production of ψ', being similar to that of J/ψ's, is roughly estimated, and its influence on the observation of the color-octet J/ψproduction signature in e^+e^- collision is also discussed.
description: 12 pages, RevTex, 7 postscript figures. English and the Title are slightly modified, Version to appear in Phys. Rev. D
MPEC 2025-D72 : 2025 DB2
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2025 DB2

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
A MUSE dynamical study of the cluster merger SPT-CLJ 0307-6225
Creators: name: Hernández-Lang, Daniel
name: Zenteno, Alfredo
name: Prado P., Hugo
name: Díaz-Ocampo, Agustín
name: Klein, Matthias
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: galaxy clusters
merging clusters
bullet cluster

description: We present VLT/MUSE spectroscopy, along with archival Gemini/GMOS spectroscopy and Magellan/Megacam imaging for SPT-CLJ 0305-6225, a z = 0.58 galaxy cluster. A large BCG-SZ centroid separation and a highly disturbed X-ray morphology classifies SPT-CLJ0307-6225 as a major merging cluster. We characterise the central regions of the two colliding structures, namely 0307-6225N and 0307-6225S. We find velocity derived masses of $M_{200,N} = 2.42 \pm 1.40 \times 10^{14}$ M$_\odot$ and $M_{200,S} = 3.13 \pm 1.87 \times 10^{14}$ M$_{\odot}$ , deriving a merging angle of $\alpha = 39^{+13}_{-11}$ deg, and two possible times since collision; $0.96^{+0.31}_{-0.18}$ Gyr (outgoing scenario) or $2.60^{+1.07}_{-0.53}$ Gyr (incoming scenario).
Bayesian Multistate Bennett Acceptance Ratio Methods
Creators: name: Ding, Xinqiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The multistate Bennett acceptance ratio (MBAR) method is a prevalent approach for computing free energies of thermodynamic states. In this work, we introduce BayesMBAR, a Bayesian generalization of the MBAR method. By integrating configurations sampled from thermodynamic states with a prior distribution, BayesMBAR computes a posterior distribution of free energies. Using the posterior distribution, we derive free energy estimations and compute their associated uncertainties. Notably, when a uniform prior distribution is used, BayesMBAR recovers the MBAR's result but provides more accurate uncertainty estimates. Additionally, when prior knowledge about free energies is available, BayesMBAR can incorporate this information into the estimation procedure by using non-uniform prior distributions. As an example, we show that, by incorporating the prior knowledge about the smoothness of free energy surfaces, BayesMBAR provides more accurate estimates than the MBAR method. Given MBAR's widespread use in free energy calculations, we anticipate BayesMBAR to be an essential tool in various applications of free energy calculations.
Chemical time capsules: bioactive volatiles in eighteenth century herbarium samples of mānuka, Leptospermum scoparium *
Creators: name: Sansom, Catherine E.
name: Klink, John W. Van
name: Perry, Nigel B.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Leptospermum scoparium J. R. et G. Forst. (Myrtaceae), called mānuka or kahikātoa by Māori, shows distinct foliage chemotypes in different regions of Aotearoa New Zealand, including one with rare antimicrobial triketones. To extend knowledge of mānuka chemotypes geographically and historically, we have developed a miniaturised method for analyses of herbarium samples needing just a few small leaves analysed by headspace solid phase microextraction gas chromatography (HS-SPME-GC). This method was validated on herbarium samples of known chemotypes. Geographical knowledge was extended by analysing herbarium samples collected on New Zealand's offshore islands, ranging from the Manawa/Three Kings in the North to Rakiura/Stewart Island in the South. The chemotypes were generally similar to the nearest populations on the main North or South islands. Historically, volatiles were identified from herbarium samples collected by the first botanists from Europe in 1769, showing that the oil glands in mānuka leaves act as ‘chemical time capsules’.
ORGANIZATION OF EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES AND METHODOLOGICAL SUPPORT OF PROFESSIONAL HYGIENIC
Creators: name: E.A. Shtakk
name: I.Yu. Lyalina
name: O.B. Chekhonina
name: A.A. Panteleeva
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: The article is devoted to the organization of educational activities and methodological support of professional hygienic training of students of pedagogical directions. The relevance of professional hygienic training of future teachers is due to the complex impact of negative environmental factors on children and adolescents: the intensification of the educational process, the discrepancy between the technologies and teaching methods used to the age-related morphofunctional characteristics of students, the irrational organization of the educational process, the lack of a full-fledged rest, sleep, nutrition, etc. The above factors can lead to an increase in various functional disorders and psychosomatic pathologies in children and adolescents.

Professional hygiene training is mandatory for officials and employees of the education system. It is a part of pedagogical practice and is necessary for the formation of future teachers' professional competencies in the field of anatomy, physiology and hygiene of children and adolescents to ensure sanitary and epidemiological well-being in educational institutions.
Effect of the pseudogap on the mean-field magnetic penetration depth of YBCO thin films
Creators: name: Boyce, Brent R.
name: Paget, Kathleen M.
name: Lemberger, Thomas R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report measurements of the magnetic penetration depth in YBCO films at various oxygen concentrations. At optimal doping, critical fluctuation effects are absent, and the penetration depth from 4 K to 0.99 Tc is well described by d-wave, BCS, strong-coupling theory with a gap, Delta0/ kT ~ 3.3. This implies that the T-dependence of the penetration depth comes largely from single-particle excitations. As in crystals, underdoping reduces the zero temperature superfluid density without affecting the low-T slope or curvature of the penetration depth. We show that these results, as well as heat capacity measurements, are well described by an ad hoc model in which superfluid is lost from regions of the Fermi surface occupied by the pseudogap while the low lying excitations near the nodes remain unaffected.
description: 4 pages, 4 eps figures, RevTex; Submitted to PRL July 1999