cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Ionophoric properties of a tetra-tetrazole functionalised calix[4]arene
Creators: name: D'Alessio, Daniel
name: Skelton, Brian W.
name: Lengkeek, Nigel A.
name: Fraser, Benjamin H.
name: Krause-Heuer, Anwen M.
name: Muzzioli, Sara
name: Stagni, Stefano
name: Massi, Massimiliano
name: Ogden, Mark I.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biological Sciences
Chemistry
Earth and Environmental Sciences
Neuroscience
Cell Biology
Biochemistry
Biophysics

description: The synthesis and characterisation of p-t-butylcalix[4]arene functionalised at the lower rim with four tetrazole moieties is reported. The macrocycle is found to be a poorer ionophore for lanthanoid cations than the bis-tetrazole–substituted analogue. Solution-phase photophysical studies strongly suggested that the cations interacted only weakly with the calixarene ligand. A mixed sodium/triethylammonium salt of the calixarene ligand was crystallised in the presence of lanthanoid cations and structurally characterised. Strong intramolecular interactions are hypothesised to be the cause of the observed behaviour.
Adapting the pyramid wavefront sensor for pupil fragmentation of the ELT class telescopes
Creators: name: Levraud, Nicolas
name: Chambouleyron, Vincent
name: Fauvarque, Olivier
name: Cissé, Mahawa
name: Sauvage, Jean-François
name: Neichel, Benoît
name: Bond, Charlotte
name: Pinna, Enrico
name: Esposito, Simone
name: Schwartz, Noah
name: Fusco, Thierry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The next generation of Extremely Large Telescope (24 to 39m diameter) will suffer from the so-called "pupil fragmentation" problem. Due to their pupil shape complexity (segmentation, large spiders ...), some differential pistons may appear between some isolated part of the full pupil during the observations. Although classical AO system will be able to correct for turbulence effects, they will be blind to this specific telescope induced perturbations. Hence, such differential piston, a.k.a petal modes, will prevent to reach the diffraction limit of the telescope and ultimately will represent the main limitation of AO-assisted observation with an ELT. In this work we analyse the spatial structure of these petal modes and how it affects the ability of a Pyramid Wavefront sensor to sense them. Then we propose a variation around the classical Pyramid concept for increasing the WFS sensitivity to this particular modes. Nevertheless, We show that one single WFS can not accurately and simultaneously measure turbulence and petal modes. We propose a double path wavefront sensor scheme to solve this problem. We show that such a scheme,associated to a spatial filtering of residual turbulence in the second WFS path dedicated to petal mode sensing, allows to fully measure and correct for both turbulence and fragmentation effects and will eventually restore the full capability and spatial resolution of the future ELT.
Step-by-step DFT analysis of the cooperativity in the binding of cations and anions to a tetratopic ion-pairing host
Creators: name: Howe, Ethan N.W.
name: Ball, Graham E.
name: Thordarson, Pall
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Computational techniques allow insights into chemical processes that are normally experimentally difficult to access (e.g. transition states). Here, we report on the computational modelling of a recently reported supramolecular system that experimentally displays a complex mixture of cooperative, allosteric, homotropic and heterotropic binding behaviour in the interactions of two calcium cations and two chloride anions with a tetratopic ion-pairing host (bis-isophthalamide-crown-6) H. Using DFT, we are able to predict the structural conformations and binding energies of the multi-step thermodynamic binding cycle in both directions for the formation of the quinary 2Ca2+·H·2Cl− complex in both vacuum and solvent environments with several key steps validated against experimental X-ray and binding study data. This study revealed unexpected conformational changes in the free host upon binding two Cl− anions, with a tetra-coordinated (four hydrogen-bonds) 1:1 H·Cl− complex forming before the expected bis(isopthhalimide-Cl−) 1:2 H·2Cl− complex with two hydrogen bonds is formed. The results here show that given the appropriate method (basis set, solvent environment) DFT calculations can both predict and give unique insight into multi-ion host supramolecular interactions like those encountered in ion-pair host–guest studies.
On Kähler Structures of Taub-NUT and Kerr Spaces
Creators: name: Kelekçi, Özgür
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 32Q20, 53C18, 53C25, 53C26, 53C55

description: In this paper, we study the Kählerian nature of Taub-NUT and Kerr spaces which are gravitational instanton and black hole solutions in general relativity. We show that Euclidean Taub-NUT metric is hyper-Kähler with respect to the usual almost complex structures by employing an alternative explicit coframe, and Euclidean Kerr metric is globally conformally Kähler. We also show that conformally scaled Euclidean Kerr space admits a Kähler structure by applying a conformal scaling factor stemming from the Lee-form of the original metric or alternatively a factor coming from self-dual part of the Weyl tensor $(W^+)$.
description: 15 pages, to appear in International Journal of Geometric Methods in Modern Physics
Single-stage reconstruction algorithm for quantitative photoacoustic tomography
Creators: name: Haltmeier, Markus
name: Neumann, Lukas
name: Rabanser, Simon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The development of efficient and accurate image reconstruction algorithms is one of the cornerstones of computed tomography. Existing algorithms for quantitative photoacoustic tomography currently operate in a two-stage procedure: First an inverse source problem for the acoustic wave propagation is solved, whereas in a second step the optical parameters are estimated from the result of the first step. Such an approach has several drawbacks. In this paper we therefore propose the use of single-stage reconstruction algorithms for quantitative photoacoustic tomography, where the optical parameters are directly reconstructed from the observed acoustical data. In that context we formulate the image reconstruction problem of quantitative photoacoustic tomography as a single nonlinear inverse problem by coupling the radiative transfer equation with the acoustic wave equation. The inverse problem is approached by Tikhonov regularization with a convex penalty in combination with the proximal gradient iteration for minimizing the Tikhonov functional. We present numerical results, where the proposed single-stage algorithm shows an improved reconstruction quality at a similar computational cost.
description: 23 pages, 6 figures
Norbornene-based anion receptors as D-alanine binders
Creators: name: Long, Benjamin M.
name: Pfeffer, Frederick M.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Vancomycin is currently used as last-line therapy against many Gram-positive bacterial pathogens. Herein, we report a series of peptidomimetic norbornene-based anion receptors that were designed as simple vancomycin mimics New hosts were evaluated for their affinity to both acetate and acetyl D-Ala by 1H NMR titration. Modest binding to both anions was observed in DMSO-d 6 (Log Ka 1–2 for TBA Acetyl D-Alanine) in the anticipated 1:1 mode of binding.
Materials genes of heterogeneous catalysis from clean experiments and artificial intelligence
Creators: name: Foppa, Lucas
name: Ghiringhelli, Luca M.
name: Girgsdies, Frank
name: Hashagen, Maike
name: Kube, Pierre
name: Hävecker, Michael
name: Carey, Spencer J.
name: Tarasov, Andrey
name: Kraus, Peter
name: Rosowski, Frank
name: Schlögl, Robert
name: Trunschke, Annette
name: Scheffler, Matthias
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials genome
subject: Artificial intelligence
subject: Data
subject: Catalytic
subject: Surface chemistry
subject: 004 Informatik
subject: 620 Ingenieurwissenschaften und zugeordnete Tätigkeiten

description: The performance in heterogeneous catalysis is an example of a complex materials function, governed by an intricate interplay of several processes (e.g., the different surface chemical reactions, and the dynamic restructuring of the catalyst material at reaction conditions). Modeling the full catalytic progression via first-principles statistical mechanics is impractical, if not impossible. Instead, we show here how a tailored artificial-intelligence approach can be applied, even to a small number of materials, to model catalysis and determine the key descriptive parameters (“materials genes”) reflecting the processes that trigger, facilitate, or hinder catalyst performance. We start from a consistent experimental set of “clean data,” containing nine vanadium-based oxidation catalysts. These materials were synthesized, fully characterized, and tested according to standardized protocols. By applying the symbolic-regression SISSO approach, we identify correlations between the few most relevant materials properties and their reactivity. This approach highlights the underlying physicochemical processes, and accelerates catalyst design. Impact statement Artificial intelligence (AI) accepts that there are relationships or correlations that cannot be expressed in terms of a closed mathematical form or an easy-to-do numerical simulation. For the function of materials, for example, catalysis, AI may well capture the behavior better than the theory of the past. However, currently the flexibility of AI comes together with a lack of interpretability, and AI can only predict aspects that were included in the training. The approach proposed and demonstrated in this IMPACT article is interpretable. It combines detailed experimental data (called "clean data") and symbolic regression for the identification of the key descriptive parameters (called "materials genes") that are correlated with the materials function. The approach demonstrated here for the catalytic oxidation of propane will accelerate the discovery of improved or novel materials while also enhancing physical understanding.
Hardening with Scapolite: a DevOps-based Approach for Improved Authoring and Testing of Security-Configuration Guides in Large-Scale Organizations
Creators: name: Stöckle, Patrick
name: Pruteanu, Ionut
name: Grobauer, Bernd
name: Pretschner, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Security Hardening is the process of configuring IT systems to ensure the security of the systems' components and data they process or store. In many cases, so-called security-configuration guides are used as a basis for security hardening. These guides describe secure configuration settings for components such as operating systems and standard applications. Rigorous testing of security-configuration guides and automated mechanisms for their implementation and validation are necessary since erroneous implementations or checks of hardening guides may severely impact systems' security and functionality. At Siemens, centrally maintained security-configuration guides carry machine-readable information specifying both the implementation and validation of each required configuration step. The guides are maintained within git repositories; automated pipelines generate the artifacts for implementation and checking, e.g., PowerShell scripts for Windows, and carry out testing of these artifacts on AWS images. This paper describes our experiences with our DevOps-inspired approach for authoring, maintaining, and testing security-configuration guides. We want to share these experiences to help other organizations with their security hardening and, thus, increase their systems' security.
description: We submitted this article as a full-length paper. Unfortunately, the CODASPY Program Committee decided that our paper can only be accepted in the tool track. Thus, the published version only consists of 6 pages
Fisher information as general metrics of quantum synchronization
Creators: name: Shen, Yuan
name: Soh, Hong Yi
name: Kwek, Leong-Chuan
name: Fan, Weijun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum synchronization has emerged as a crucial phenomenon in quantum nonlinear dynamics with potential applications in quantum information processing. Multiple measures for quantifying quantum synchronization exist. However, there is currently no widely agreed metric that is universally adopted. In this paper, we propose using classical and quantum Fisher information (FI) as alternative metrics to detect and measure quantum synchronization. We establish the connection between FI and quantum synchronization, demonstrating that both classical and quantum FI can be deployed as more general indicators of quantum phase synchronization, in some regimes where all other existing measures fail to provide reliable results. We show advantages in FI-based measures, especially in 2-to-1 synchronization. Furthermore, we analyze the impact of noise on the synchronization measures, revealing the robustness and susceptibility of each method in the presence of dissipation and decoherence. Our results open up new avenues for understanding and exploiting quantum synchronization.
description: 9 pages, 12 figures
Kinematics of ICMEs/shocks: blast wave reconstruction using type II emissions
Creators: name: Corona-Romero, P.
name: Gonzalez-Esparza, J. A.
name: Aguilar-Rodriguez, E.
name: de-la-Luz, V.
name: Mejia-Ambriz, J. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a physical methodology to reconstruct the trajectory of interplanetary shocks using type II radio emission data. This technique calculates the shock trajectory assuming that the disturbance propagates as a blast wave in the interplanetary medium. We applied this Blast Wave Reconstruction (BWR) technique to analyze eight fast Earth-directed ICMEs/shocks associated with type II emissions. The technique deduces a shock trajectory that reproduces the type II frequency drifts, and calculates shock onset speed, shock transit time and shock speed at 1 AU. There were good agreements comparing the BWR results with the type II spectra, with data from coronagraph images, in situ measurements, and interplanetary scintillation (IPS) observations. Perturbations on the type II data affect the accuracy of the BWR technique. This methodology could be applied to track interplanetary shocks causing TII emissions in real-time, to predict the shock arrival time and shock speed at 1 AU.
description: Submitted to Solar Physics. In revision
Coumarin-based fluorescent sensors for zinc(II) and hypochlorite
Creators: name: Aulsebrook, Margaret L.
name: Graham, Bim
name: Grace, Michael R.
name: Tuck, Kellie L.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Two new fluorescent chemosensors have been designed and synthesised through functionalisation of a common 7-aminocoumarin precursor. One sensor features a di(2-picoyl)amine metal ion-binding moiety that allows for selective detection of Zn2+ ions over other common cations in aqueous solution, with the sensor exhibiting a 5.4-fold increase in fluorescence upon Zn2+ binding (limit of detection = 26 nM). The second sensor incorporates an aminophenyl group designed to react with highly reactive oxygen species (hROS). This sensor reacts with ClO−  in preference to other ROS, exhibiting a 27-fold increase in fluorescence upon the addition of 150 equivalents of ClO−  (limit of detection = 2 μM).
A Snapshot into the Possibility of Video Game Machine Translation
Creators: name: Hansen, Damien
name: Houlmont, Pierre-Yves
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present in this article what we believe to be one of the first attempts at video game machine translation. Our study shows that models trained only with limited in-domain data surpass publicly available systems by a significant margin, and a subsequent human evaluation reveals interesting findings in the final translation. The first part of the article introduces some of the challenges of video game translation, some of the existing literature, as well as the systems and data sets used in this experiment. The last sections discuss our analysis of the resulting translation and the potential benefits of such an automated system. One such finding highlights the model's ability to learn typical rules and patterns of video game translations from English into French. Our conclusions therefore indicate that the specific case of video game machine translation could prove very much useful given the encouraging results, the highly repetitive nature of the work, and the often poor working conditions that translators face in this field. As with other use cases of MT in cultural sectors, however, we believe this is heavily dependent on the proper implementation of the tool, which should be used interactively by human translators to stimulate creativity instead of raw post-editing for the sake of productivity.
Non-global logarithms at finite Nc beyond leading order
Creators: name: Khelifa-Kerfa, Kamel
name: Delenda, Yazid
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analytically compute non-global logarithms at finite Nc fully up to 4 loops and partially at 5 loops, for the hemisphere mass distribution in e+e- to di-jets to leading logarithmic accuracy. Our method of calculation relies solely on integrating the eikonal squared-amplitudes for the emission of soft energy-ordered real-virtual gluons over the appropriate phase space. We show that the series of non-global logarithms in the said distribution exhibits a pattern of exponentiation thus confirming - by means of brute force - previous findings. In the large-Nc limit, our results coincide with those recently reported in literature. A comparison of our proposed exponential form with all-orders numerical solutions is performed and the phenomenological impact of the finite-Nc corrections is discussed.
description: 31 pages, 5 figure, uses jheppub.sty, minor corrections to previous version and added some references
$π$-solitons on a ring of waveguides
Creators: name: Ivanov, Sergey K.
name: Kartashov, Yaroslav V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the existence and stability of $π$-solitons on a ring of periodically oscillating waveguides. The array is arranged into Su-Schrieffer-Heeger structure placed on a ring, with additional spacing between two ends of the array. Due to longitudinal oscillations of waveguides, this Floquet structure spends half of the longitudinal period in topological phase, while on the other half it is nontopological. Nevertheless, waveguide oscillations lead to the emergence of anomalous topological $π$-modes at both ends of the structure that strongly couple in our ring geometry, leading to the formation of previously unexplored in-phase and out-of-phase $π$-modes. We study topological solitons bifurcating from such linear $π$-modes and demonstrate how their properties and stability depend on the size of the ring and on spacing between two ends of the array.
description: 5 pages, 6 figures
title: The dissolution of Yugoslavia and the Badinter Arbitration Commission.
Creators: name: Terence. Terrett, Stephen
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2023

description: This thesis examines the dissolution of Yugoslavia during 1991-2 and the involvement of a legal commission, known as the Badinter Arbitration Commission, in this process. This Commission was an ad hoc legal organ which was created for the purpose of assisting in the peaceful resolution of the conflict which erupted in Yugoslavia during the latter years of the Cold War and continued throughout the post-Cold war period. Whether it can truly be described as having been fully resolved remains to be seen. The thesis describes international events leading to the end of the Cold War, domestic events leading to Yugoslavia's dissolution and institutional responses leading to the creation of the Commission. The Commission's jurisprudence is analysed, with particular focus on the Commission's advice relating to issues surrounding the dissolution process. Having been mandated to operate in a civil conflict at a time of great turbulence in contemporary international relations, one cannot ignore certain issues of wider interest. Fundamentally, one must question whether Yugoslavia represents an international legal anomaly or evidences changes in international law and threats to international peace and security. One must seek to draw lessons from the way in which the Yugoslav conflict arose and the way in which a peaceful-settlement was sought if international law's current responses are to be assessed.
Assessing student reasoning in upper-division electricity and magnetism at Oregon State University
Creators: name: Zwolak, Justyna P.
name: Manogue, Corinne A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Standardized assessment tests that allow researchers to compare the performance of students under various curricula are highly desirable. There are several research-based conceptual tests that serve as instruments to assess and identify students' difficulties in lower-division courses. At the upper-division level, however, assessing students' difficulties is a more challenging task. Although several research groups are currently working on such tests, their reliability and validity are still under investigation. We analyze the results of the Colorado Upper-Division Electrostatics diagnostic from Oregon State University and compare it with data from University of Colorado. In particular, we show potential shortcomings in the Oregon State University curriculum regarding separation of variables and boundary conditions, as well as uncover weaknesses of the rubric to the free response version of the diagnostic. We also demonstrate that the diagnostic can be used to obtain information about student learning during a gap in instruction. Our work complements and extends the previous findings from the University of Colorado by highlighting important differences in student learning that may be related to the curriculum, illuminating difficulties with the rubric for certain problems and verifying decay in post-test results over time.
description: 11 pages, 12 figures
Modeling Rabbit-Holes on YouTube
Creators: name: Merrer, Erwan Le
name: Tredan, Gilles
name: Yesilkanat, Ali
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Numerous discussions have advocated the presence of a so called rabbit-hole (RH) phenomenon on social media, interested in advanced personalization to their users. This phenomenon is loosely understood as a collapse of mainstream recommendations, in favor of ultra personalized ones that lock users into narrow and specialized feeds. Yet quantitative studies are often ignoring personalization, are of limited scale, and rely on manual tagging to track this collapse. This precludes a precise understanding of the phenomenon based on reproducible observations, and thus the continuous audits of platforms. In this paper, we first tackle the scale issue by proposing a user-sided bot-centric approach that enables large scale data collection, through autoplay walks on recommendations. We then propose a simple theory that explains the appearance of these RHs. While this theory is a simplifying viewpoint on a complex and planet-wide phenomenon, it carries multiple advantages: it can be analytically modeled, and provides a general yet rigorous definition of RHs. We define them as an interplay between i) user interaction with personalization and ii) the attraction strength of certain video categories, which cause users to quickly step apart of mainstream recommendations made to fresh user profiles. We illustrate these concepts by highlighting some RHs found after collecting more than 16 million personalized recommendations on YouTube. A final validation step compares our automatically-identified RHs against manually-identified RHs from a previous research work. Together, those results pave the way for large scale and automated audits of the RH effect in recommendation systems.
description: To appear in Social Network Analysis and Mining (Springer)
A first-order completeness result about characteristic Boolean algebras in classical realizability
Creators: name: Geoffroy, Guillaume
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove the following completeness result about classical realizability: given any Boolean algebra with at least two elements, there exists a Krivine-style classical realizability model whose characteristic Boolean algebra is elementarily equivalent to it. This is done by controlling precisely which combinations of so-called "angelic" (or "may") and "demonic" (or "must") nondeterminism exist in the underlying model of computation.
Structural control in Cu(II) coordination polymers through the conformational flexibility of a 2,3-dipyridyl ketone oxime ligand
Creators: name: Argyle, Victoria J.
name: Roxburgh, Marina
name: Hanton, Lyall R.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Four new compounds prepared from the ligand 2,3-dipyridyl ketone oxime (L 23) with varying Cu(II) salts were synthesised and structurally characterised, {[Cu(L 23)(L 23 -H)](ClO4)}∞ (1), {[Cu(L 23)(L 23 -H)](BF4)¼(H2O)}∞ (2), [Cu3(L 23 -H)2(L 23′)(NO3)2OH]2(NO3)2(C3H8O)6 (3) and [Cu(L 23)Cl2]∞ (4). The effects of differing counterions, as well as the rotational conformational versatility of L 23, were demonstrated by the differing polymeric structures that were observed. Complex 1 and 2 both existed as 1-D polymeric chains with L 23 acting as a pseudo-tetradentate ligand through an oxime–oximato bridge. Complex 1 formed a helical arrangement while 2 formed a chiral chain with both 1 and 2 exhibiting similar chiral packing. Complex 3 formed an unusual inverse–9–metallacrown–3 complex, with one of the L 23 ligands in a zwitterionic form. Complex 4 was present as a simple 1-D meso-helical chain.
Quantum and stringy corrections to the equation of state of holographic QCD matter and the nature of the chiral transition
Creators: name: Alho, T.
name: Jarvinen, M.
name: Kajantie, K.
name: Kiritsis, E.
name: Tuominen, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the finite temperature phase diagram of holographic QCD in the Veneziano limit (Nc large, Nf large with xf=Nf/Nc fixed) and calculate one string-loop corrections to the free energy in certain approximations. Such corrections, especially due to the pion modes are unsuppressed in the Veneziano limit. We find that under some extra assumptions the first order transition following from classical gravity solutions can become second order. If stringy asymptotics are of a special form and there are residual interactions it may even become of third order. Operationally these computations imply modelling the low temperature chiral symmetry breaking phase with a hadron gas containing Nf^2 massless Goldstone bosons and an exponential spectrum of massive hadrons. A third order transition is possible only if repulsive hadron interactions via the excluded volume effect are included.
description: Figures 8 and 9left replaced with correct ones
Assessment of East Springs of Golestan Province Based on their Physicochemical Properties and Factors Affecting their Formation
Creators: name: G.Mahmoodlu, Mojtaba
name: Sayadi, Maryam
name: TaghiRajabi, Mohammad
name: Nazari, Milad
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 40303 Geochronology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 40403 Geophysical Fluid Dynamics

description: This study was conducted to investigate the factors affecting the formation, discharge and water quality of east Springs of Golestan as one of the most important water resources for drinking and agricultural purposes. For this purpose, data from the analysis of some physicochemical parameters including temperature, pH and EC and discharge hydrological parameters were used over a period of five years. Results of this study showed that the fissure and joint springs are the most abundant and karst springs are the least abundant in east Golestan province. Active tectonics of study area and subsequently the creation of fissure and joint (increase in permeability) in the aquifers as well as their confining rocks resulted in the high abundance as well as an increase in discharge of the fissure and joint spring. The spring's water temperature decreases from north (Loess Plains and hills) to south (mountains). The highest water temperature was observed in the fissure and joint springs and the lowest in the contact springs. According to the WHO standard, the electrical conductivity of water in all springs considered in this study exceeds the permissible limit. But based on the classification of Iranian National Standard of Drinking Water 1053, the electrical conductivity of water samples are less than the optimal level. The classification results of the springs water for agricultural purpose using electrical conductivity show that water quality is good to acceptable for irrigation purpose. In almost all the study area, the water pH of springs is more than 7 which the agricultural use of their water is doubtful. According to the Kruskal-Wallis analysis results, the level of significance between the measured parameters was less than 0.05.
On the Possibility of a Connection between the Construction of a Class of Bigeodetic Blocks and the Existence Problem for Biplanes
Creators: name: Frasser, Carlos E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Graph theory and enumerative combinatorics are two branches of mathematical sciences that have developed astonishingly over the past one hundred years. It is especially important to point out that graph theory employs combinatorial techniques to solve key problems of characterization, construction, enumeration and classification of an enormous set of different families of graphs. This paper describes the construction of two classes of bigeodetic blocks using balanced incomplete block designs (BIBDs). On the other hand, even though graph theory and combinatorics have a close relationship, the opposite problem, that is, considering certain graph constructions when solving problems of combinatorics is not common, but possible. The construction of the second class of bigeodetic blocks described in this paper represents an example of how graph theory could somehow give a clue to the description of a problem of existence in combinatorics. We refer to the problem of existence for biplanes. A connection between the mentioned construction, the Bruck-Ryser-Chowla theorem and the problem of existence for biplanes is considered.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
Silver complexes of symmetrically 4,5-disubstituted 3,6-di(3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)pyridazine
Creators: name: E. Bodman, Samantha
name: Fitchett, Christopher M.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Information and Computing Sciences
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Chemistry
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Medicine
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Biophysics

description: The reaction of ligands based on 3,6-di(3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)pyridazine having carbocyclic rings fused to the pyridazine ring; 1,4-bis(3,5-dimethylpyrazol-1-yl)-6,7-dihydro-5H-cyclopenta[d]pyridazine (L1), 1,4-bis(3,5-dimethylpyrazol-1-yl)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrophthalazine (L2) and 7,10-bis(3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-8,9-diazafluoranthene (L3) with silver triflate gave complexes 1–3. Characterisation of these using single-crystal X-ray structure determination clearly showed that the steric bulk of the carbocycle stops the 3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrazole from chelating metal atoms. Ligands L1 and L3 were tetrabridging (complexes 1 and 3), while L2 formed a one-dimensional zigzag polymer (complex 2).
Computational Performance Evaluation of Two Integer Linear Programming Models for the Minimum Common String Partition Problem
Creators: name: Blum, Christian
name: Raidl, Günther R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: G.1.6

description: In the minimum common string partition (MCSP) problem two related input strings are given. "Related" refers to the property that both strings consist of the same set of letters appearing the same number of times in each of the two strings. The MCSP seeks a minimum cardinality partitioning of one string into non-overlapping substrings that is also a valid partitioning for the second string. This problem has applications in bioinformatics e.g. in analyzing related DNA or protein sequences. For strings with lengths less than about 1000 letters, a previously published integer linear programming (ILP) formulation yields, when solved with a state-of-the-art solver such as CPLEX, satisfactory results. In this work, we propose a new, alternative ILP model that is compared to the former one. While a polyhedral study shows the linear programming relaxations of the two models to be equally strong, a comprehensive experimental comparison using real-world as well as artificially created benchmark instances indicates substantial computational advantages of the new formulation.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1405.5646 This paper version replaces the one submitted on January 10, 2015, due to detected error in the calculation of the variables involved in the ILP models
title: A ‘punição justa’ do vilão: o sentido espiritual da tortura de François Villon
Creators: name: Pacheco da Costa, Daniel Padilha
Publisher: name: Roma Tre-Press
Year: 2014

description: Resumo:

Neste artigo, trata-se da narração da tortura de François Villon no exórdio do Testament não como um evento traumático na biografia do poeta, mas como o episódio fundador da enunciação poética dessa obra. Climax das provas sofridas pela personagem do célebre malfeitor, a sua tortura na prisão de Meung pelo bispo Thibaut d’Ossigny é apresentada como a causa da sua morte iminente. Mas a sua subsequente libertação pelo rei Luís XI, alegoricamente interpretada como um sinal da graça divina, desencadeia uma reviravolta na vida interior da personagem. Assim, o seu martírio é retrospectivamente reelaborado como uma punição justa pelos erros cometidos na sua juventude, em particular o roubo ao Colégio de Navarra. Nesse sentido, o Testament não está fraturado em uma parte composta antes e outra depois do colapso físico do poeta na prisão de Meung, mas é unificado pelo seu lugar de enunciação que, dramatizando a angústia da personagem do vilão arrependido diante da morte, ilustra a doutrina cristã do perdão.

Abstract:

In this paper, we discuss the narration of the torture of François Villon in the Testament’s exordium not as a traumatic event in the poet’s biography, but as a founding episode of this work’s poetic enunciation. Climax of the tests undergone by the character of the famous wrongdoer, his torture in Meung’s prison by the Bishop Thibaut d’Ossigny is presented as the cause of his imminent death. But his subsequent release by the King Louis XI, allegorically interpreted as a signal of the divine grace, triggers a turnaround in the character’s inner life. Thus, his martyrdom is retrospectively reviewed as a fair punishment for the wrongs commited in his former life, especially the robbery of the Collège de Navarre. Therefore, the Testament is not divided in two parts composed before and after the physical collapse of the poet in Meung’s prison, but is unified by the enunciation’s point of view which, performing the fright of the repentant villain’s character before death, illustrates the Christian doctrine of forgiveness
description: KRYPTON – VOL.3 – 2014 – TORTURE
title: Martyrological Torture and the Invention of Empathy: Gallonio’s Treatise
Creators: name: Touber, Jetze
Publisher: name: Roma Tre-Press
Year: 2014

description: The Treatise of the Instruments of Martyrdom (Italian version 1591, Latin version 1594), published by the Oratorian priest Antonio Gallonio (1556-1605), textually and graphically conveys the hundreds of ways in which persecutors tormented martyrs. It constitutes a clinical and, above all, technical reconstruction of machines used to torture Christians. Yet it was not the horror of blood and gore, nor the pleasure of pain, which Gallonio aimed to impress upon the readership. The underlying message was rather the victory of the impassive faith in God over the ingenuity and inventiveness of engineers. This martyrological machine theatre, however, lost its efficacy as subsequent generations put the work to their own use in the course of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. Gallonio’s mechanistic imagery was appropriated by art theorists. Meanwhile, his antiquarian scholarship fed into the juridical and historical fortification of the edifice of the Church. Gallonio’s treatise became a sterile reconstruction of juridical torture. To early Enlightenment thinkers, including Pierre Bayle (1646-1706), the work came to exemplify the cruelty that the Church of Rome seemed to exalt. The legalistic antiquarianism which appropriated Gallonio’s scholarship around 1700 offended a new sensitivity which shunned salvific violence: from a spiritual exercise the treatise became an aesthetic aberration.

description: KRYPTON – VOL.3 – 2014 – TORTURE
title: The automatic selection of concordance lines.
Creators: name: Collier, Alex.
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2023

description: This thesis presents the results of an experiment into the automatic selection of concordance lines from very large corpora. Corpora now exist which are in excess of 100 million words in size, but the increase in size of corpora brings with it certain problems. These problems are discussed in the light of information obtained from professional corpus users and the continuing centrality of the concordance as the main means of interpreting the contents of the corpus is highlighted. A possible means of overcoming the problems associated with the use of large corpora is presented. This solution is based upon software which was designed for the purposes of textual abridgement, this being carried out via an automatic analysis of lexico-cohesive bonds within the text. An analogy is drawn between conventional text and concordances; this analogy is then further explored by processing sets of concordance lines with the modified abridgement software. In order to determine the success of the approach in identifying concordance lines which illustrate key features of the node word, an evaluation exercise is carried out, involving expert corpus users as respondents.
History and Problems of the Standard Model in Cosmology
Creators: name: Lopez-Corredoira, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Since the beginning of the 20th century, a continuous evolution and perfection of what we today call the standard cosmological model has been produced, although some authors like to distinguish separate periods within this evolution. A possible historical division of the development of cosmology into six periods is: (1) the initial period (1917-1927); (2) the period of development (1927-1945); (3) the period of consolidation (1945-1965); (4) the period of acceptance (1965-1980); (5) the period of enlargement (1980-1998); and (6) the period of high-precision experimental cosmology (1998-now). The last period started with a epistemological optimism that has declined with time, and the expression "crisis in cosmology" is now stubbornly reverberating in the media. The initial expectation of removing the pending minor problems arising from the increased accuracy of measurements has backfired: the higher the precision with which the standard model tries to fit the data, the greater the number of tensions that arise, the problems proliferating rather than diminishing.
description: 9 pages, proceedings of the online symposium "Anomalies in Modern Astronomy Research" (October 22nd, 2022), organized by the Society of Scientific Exploration (SSE), to be published in "EdgeScience Magazine" of SSE. Excerpts from the book "Fundamental Ideas in Cosmology. Scientific, Philosophical and Sociological Critical Perspectives" (2022, IoP Science)
title: Entwicklung von Kriterien für eine Pflegeleitlinie zum postoperativen Schmerzmanagement bei Kindern nach einer Skolioseoperation auf der Grundlage einer Ist-Analyse in einem Haus der Maximalversorgung
Creators: name: Kneilman, Lisa
Publisher: name: FH Münster
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 000 Informatik, Informationswissenschaft, allgemeine Werke

description: In dieser Bachelorarbeit werden, mit Hilfe einer Ist-Analyse in einem Haus der Maximalversorgung, Kriterien zum postoperativen Schmerzmanagement bei Kindern nach einer Skolioseoperation entwickelt. Diese Kriterien können als Grundlage für die Entwicklung einer Pflegeleitlinie oder ähnliches verwendet werden.
Statistical properties of the localization measure in a finite-dimensional model of the quantum kicked rotator
Creators: name: Manos, T.
name: Robnik, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the quantum kicked rotator in the classically fully chaotic regime $K=10$ and for various values of the quantum parameter $k$ using Izrailev's $N$-dimensional model for various $N \le 3000$, which in the limit $N \rightarrow \infty$ tends to the exact quantized kicked rotator. By numerically calculating the eigenfunctions in the basis of the angular momentum we find that the localization length ${\cal L}$ for fixed parameter values has a certain distribution, in fact its inverse is Gaussian distributed, in analogy and in connection with the distribution of finite time Lyapunov exponents of Hamilton systems. However, unlike the case of the finite time Lyapunov exponents, this distribution is found to be independent of $N$, and thus survives the limit $N=\infty$. This is different from the tight-binding model of Anderson localization. The reason is that the finite bandwidth approximation of the underlying Hamilton dynamical system in the Shepelyansky picture (D.L. Shepelyansky, {\em Phys. Rev. Lett.} {\bf 56}, 677 (1986)) does not apply rigorously. This observation explains the strong fluctuations in the scaling laws of the kicked rotator, such as e.g. the entropy localization measure as a function of the scaling parameter $Λ={\cal L}/N$, where $\cal L$ is the theoretical value of the localization length in the semiclassical approximation. These results call for a more refined theory of the localization length in the quantum kicked rotator and in similar Floquet systems, where we must predict not only the mean value of the inverse of the localization length $\cal L$ but also its (Gaussian) distribution, in particular the variance. In order to complete our studies we numerically analyze the related behavior of finite time Lyapunov exponents in the standard map and of the 2$\times$2 transfer matrix formalism. This paper is extending our recent work.
description: 12 pages, 9 figures (accepted for publication in Physical Review E). arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1301.4187
A diaryl-linked [Pd2L4]4+ metallosupramolecular architecture: synthesis, structures and cisplatin binding studies
Creators: name: Kim, Tae Y.
name: Lucas, Nigel T.
name: Crowley, James D.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Cancer

description: A diaryl-linked tripyridyl ligand (L), 2,6-bis[4-(3-pyridinyl)phenyl]-4-(hydroxymethyl)pyridine, was synthesised in good yield (57%) exploiting the Pd-catalysed Suzuki cross-coupling method and used to assemble a new [Pd2L4]4+ metallosupramolecular cage architecture. These systems have been characterised by NMR, IR and UV–vis spectroscopies, mass spectrometry, elemental analysis and by X-ray crystallography. It was shown using NMR spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography that the cage acts as a host for BF4− anions. However, efforts to bind the anticancer drug cisplatin within the central cavity of the cage were unsuccessful. This appears to be connected to steric effects caused by the aryl spacer units of the ligands forming the cage.